bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance in treatment of solid potato waste by mixed feeding of boiled potato and waste activated sludge
Authors: Du Haixia , Guo Jiangyang , Xu Yizhen , Wu Yanxia , Li Fusheng , Wu Huifang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The effects of mixed feeding of boiled potato and waste activated sludge (WAS) on the performance of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) in treating solid potato waste were investigated. The coulombic efficiency (CE) of four MFCs fed with potato cubes containing 0, 48.7, 67.3 and 85.6% of boiled potato was 53.5, 70.5, 92.7 and 71.1%, respectively, indicating enhanced electricity generation and the existence of an optimum mixing ratio. The hydrolysis rate estimated using a first-order sequential hydrolysis model increased from 0.061 to 0.191 day−1, leading to shortening of the startup time for current density reaching its maximum from 25 to 5 days. The final chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached 85%. The CE of seven MFCs, fed with raw potato alone, sterilized/unsterilized WAS alone, and four mixed samples of raw potato with sterilized WAS at ratios of 2:1 and 4:1 and unsterilized WAS at 2:1 and 4:1, was found to be 6.1, 43.6, 0.3, 31.0, 16.5, 0.9 and 31.1%, respectively. The hydrolysis rate increased from 0.056 to 0.089 day−1, and the final COD removal changed from 39.5 to 89.6% following the order: potato alone &gt; mixture of potato & WAS &gt; sterilized WAS alone &gt; unsterilized WAS alone.
Removal of PAHs from leachate using a combination of chemical precipitation and Fenton and ozone oxidation
Authors: Ates H. , Argun M. E. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this study, six emerging pollutants, belonging to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) group, found in landfill leachate were investigated for their removal by sequential treatment processes including chemical precipitation (CP), Fenton oxidation (FO) and ozone oxidation (OO). Each treatment process was run under different conditions using an experimental design program. Optimization of both CP and FO processes was designed based on the measured values of the residual chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the samples analyzed. The analysis of variance test was applied to the obtained results for determination of statistical significance of the model. Removal efficiencies of micropollutants were determined in the optimal conditions both for CP and FO processes. Samples obtained after these processes were treated with different pH and ozonation times for observing the performances of ozonation on micropollutant removal under different operating conditions. In this study, the removal of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene micropollutants was investigated. The values obtained for PAHs in leachate were determined to be above 10 ppb. In the CP process, the removal efficiencies for PAHs were ranged between 6% and 40% except for pyrene. Removal efficiencies of all micropollutants with FO were over 70% except for fluorene (55%). The removal efficiencies of the investigated micropollutants were 80–100% as a result of consecutive treatment processes including CP, FO and OO respectively.
Comparative study of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge processes in the treatment of Moroccan domestic wastewater
Authors: Kitanou S. , Tahri M. , Bachiri B. , Mahi M. , Hafsi M. , Taky M. , Elmidaoui A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation.
Enhanced mineralization of hypersaline wastewater with Fe2+/Cu2+ catalyzed UV-Fenton process: process optimization and catalytic mechanism
Authors: Yang Xiaofang , Yang Zhaoyi , Liu Zhen , Zhang Weijun , Wang Dongsheng 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The efficiency of Fenton oxidation was inhibited by the high content of salt in the industrial wastewater. However, enhanced mineralization of hypersaline industrial wastewater is necessary for advanced treatment and subsequent wastewater salt recovery process. Therefore, Fe2+ and Cu2+ catalyzed UV-Fenton oxidation were carried out to improve the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency for a hypersaline wastewater from resin manufacturing. The performance of UV-Fe/Cu-Fenton oxidation was comparatively investigated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to develop a practical high-efficient mineralization treatment technique for hypersaline wastewater. More than 90% of TOC was removed under optimal conditions of UV-Fe2+ and UV-Cu2+-Fenton oxidation, namely 9.6 mM Fe2+ and 176 mM H2O2, and 2.95 mM Cu2+ and 276 mM H2O2, respectively. The reactive oxygen radicals identified using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy revealed that hydroxyl radical was dominant oxidant in UV-Fe2+-Fenton process, while HO2·/O2·− played a more important role in the UV-Cu-Fenton system. The Cl− effect is also different for UV Fe and Cu Fenton. Moreover, no scaling and sludge problem makes UV-Cu-Fenton a promising alternative method for efficient mineralization of hypersaline industrial wastewater.
Evaluating of heavy metal pollution in Amir-Kalayeh wetland using geochemical and statistical analyses
Authors: Khosheghbal Maryam Zare , Esmaeilzadeh Marjan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems has created concern due to its toxicity, environmental stability and ability to transfer into the food chain, and monitoring the metal source is one way to decrease the environmental impact. The present study aimed to investigate metal concentrations of Al, Fe, Mg, P, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn, their spatial distribution, origin of the contaminants, contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) in surface sediments of the Amir-Kalayeh wetland. Using statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, cluster analysis and factor analysis, the natural or anthropogenic origin of these elements was determined. According to the results, As, Cd, Mn, Mo And Pb have CFs higher than 1, which means they have contaminated the area. In this research, PLI was 0.9, which means the sediments of Amir-Kalayeh wetland are not polluted. The highest EF belongs to Mn and Mo. Determining Igeo showed that none of the metals in Amir-Kalayeh wetland are within the pollution range. However, the enrichment of elements in the sediments shows that continuous monitoring and managing of metal pollution source in this wetland is an essential step.
Sensitivity analysis for an elemental sulfur-based two-step denitrification model
Authors: Kostrytsia A. , Papirio S. , Mattei M. R. , Frunzo L. , Lens P. N. L. , Esposito G. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A local sensitivity analysis was performed for a chemically synthesized elemental sulfur (S0)-based two-step denitrification model, accounting for nitrite (NO2−) accumulation, biomass growth and S0 hydrolysis. The sensitivity analysis was aimed at verifying the model stability, understanding the model structure and individuating the model parameters to be further optimized. The mass specific area of the sulfur particles (a*) and hydrolysis kinetic constant (k1) were identified as the dominant parameters on the model outputs, i.e. nitrate (NO3−), NO2− and sulfate (SO42−) concentrations, confirming that the microbially catalyzed S0 hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step during S0-driven denitrification. Additionally, the maximum growth rates of the denitrifying biomass on NO3− and NO2− were detected as the most sensitive kinetic parameters.
Submerged attached-growth reactors as lagoon retrofits for cold-weather ammonia removal: performance and sizing
Authors: Mattson Rebecca R. , Wildman Matt , Just Craig 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Small towns that operate wastewater treatment lagoons struggle to meet ammonia limits in cold weather. Here we report the performance of a lagoon, retrofitted with submerged attached growth reactors (SAGRsTM), to provide insight on ammonia effluent compliance and optimal SAGR sizing as functions of water temperature. The lagoon-SAGR water resource recovery facility (WRRF) removed 95% of incoming ammonia with 94% attributed to the SAGRs. The high treatment capacity of the two primary SAGRs, evidenced by nearly continuous dissolved oxygen saturation and exceedingly high ammonia removals, suggested the two secondary SAGRs were essentially unnecessary and that all four SAGRs should be reduced in size. Furthermore, without the secondary SAGRs, the primary SAGR effluent would have exceeded the permitted ammonia discharge limit only four times in the 2.5-year study. At its current size, the lagoon-SAGR WRRF never exceeded permitted ammonia limits, but size reductions should be used for future retrofits.
Long-term investigation of phosphorus removal by iron electrocoagulation in small-scale wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Mishima I. , Hama M. , Tabata Y. , Nakajima J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Small-scale wastewater treatment plants (SWTPs), called Johkasou, are widely used as decentralized and individual wastewater treatment systems in sparsely populated areas in Japan. Even in SWTPs, nutrients should be removed to control eutrophication. An iron electrolysis method is effective to remove phosphorus chemically in SWTPs. However, it is necessary to determine the precise conditions under which phosphorus can be effectively and stably removed in full scale SWTPs for a long period. Therefore, long-term phosphorus removal from SWTPs was investigated and optimum operational conditions for phosphorus removal by iron electrolysis were analyzed in this study. Efficient phosphorus removal can be achieved for a long time by adjusting the amount of iron against the actual population equivalent. The change of the recirculation ratio had no negative effect on overall phosphorus removal. Phosphorus release to the bulk phase was prevented by the accumulated iron, which was supplied by iron electrolysis, resulting in stable phosphorus removal. The effect of environmental load reduction due to phosphorus removal by iron electrolysis was greater than the cost of power consumption for iron electrolysis.
Mineralization of quinoline in aqueous solution by microwave-assisted catalytic wet peroxide oxidation system: process optimization, products analysis and degradation route research
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Liu Feng , Zhang Bo , Ding Yi , You Hong , Jin Chao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe experimental design methodology was used to optimize the experimental parameters of quinoline mineralization by microwave-enhanced catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO). Initial pH value, temperature, H2O2 dosage, and microwave power were selected as independent variables. The mineralization efficiency approached 83.82% under the optimized conditions: initial pH 6.00, temperature 60 °C, H2O2 dosage 0.09 mol/L, and microwave power 565.10 W. Regression analysis with an R2 value of 0.9867 showed a good agreement between the experimental results and the predicted values. Furthermore, based on the detection and identification of products by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, the oxidation degradation pathways of quinoline were proposed. The energy balance and costs analysis indicated that the total cost of the microwave-enhanced CWPO process for wastewater treatment was 40.60 yuan/m3.
Prospects in bioelectrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment
Authors: Perazzoli Simone , de Santana Neto José P. , Soares Hugo M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Bioelectrochemical technologies are emerging as innovative solutions for waste treatment, offering flexible platforms for both oxidation and reduction reaction processes. A great variety of applications have been developed by utilizing the energy produced in bioelectrochemical systems, such as direct electric power generation, chemical production or water desalination. This manuscript provides a literature review on the prospects in bioelectrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment, including organic, nutrients and metals removal, production of chemical compounds and desalination. The challenges and perspectives for scale-up were discussed. A technological strategy to improve the process monitoring and control based on big data platforms is also presented. To translate the viability of wastewater treatment based on bioelectrochemical technologies into commercial application, it is necessary to exploit interdisciplinary areas by combining the water/wastewater sector, energy and data analytics technologies.
Investigation of a novel pyrolusite particle electrode effects in the chlorine-containing wastewater
Authors: Hong Liang , Yang Qiu , Liying Zhao , Yingyan Chen , Bing Wang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Research on three-dimensional electrode system mainly focuses on the material of plate electrode and catalytic activity, and minimal attention is provided to particle electrode. Pyrolusite was prepared as a novel particle electrode with high active chlorine (ACl) yield. The particle electrode was characterised by scanning electrode microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and electrochemical properties. Results show that the intended pyrolusite particle electrode was prepared successfully. These pyrolusite particle electrodes were applied to degrade sulphonated phenolic resin in chlorine-containing wastewater and displayed an excellent catalytic activity. A total of 68.76 mg/L ACl was produced, and the CODCr removal rate was 49.55%. These results indicated that pyrolusite particle electrode is much more effective than the reference material, that is, granular activated carbon. Furthermore, the product of electrolytic process was characterised by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultraviolet visible spectrometry (UV-vis). The enhanced mechanism was proposed that the high degradation efficiency could be ascribed to the increase of ACl.
The characteristics of heat-driven ammonium adsorption in aerobic granular sludge
Authors: He Junguo , Xu Jie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Adsorption is an important step during the migration of ammonium from the aqueous phase to biomass in biological nitrogen removal processes. A deeper understanding of the adsorption mechanisms is encouraged in constructing nitrogen conversion models. In this study, the ammonium adsorption in aerobic granular sludge was investigated at different conditions. Analysis of kinetic data indicated that ammonium adsorption was a fast process and followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (adsorption rate constant k2 was between 0.031 and 0.065 g/(mg · min)). The maximum adsorption capacity and half saturation constant KL in the Langmuir isotherm model were 4.95 mgNH4+-N/g total suspended solids and 0.0126 L/mg, respectively. Effects of environmental conditions such as temperature, pH and competitive cations were also estimated. The optimum pH was 7 and the effects of competitive cations were in the order Ca2+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt; K+ &gt; Na+. Values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔHƟ = −14.697 kJ/mol, ΔSƟ = −6.65 J/(mol · K)) indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption tests showed that the process was reversible and low temperature had a negative effect on ammonium desorption. These findings could be useful for completing the mathematical model of the nitrogen removal process in bioreactors.
Nitric acid-anionic surfactant modified activated carbon to enhance cadmium(II) removal from wastewater: preparation conditions and physicochemical properties
Authors: Sun Hao , He Xin , Wang Yongtian , Cannon Fred S. , Wen Hong , Li Xiaobing 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The authors used a nitric acid (HNO3)-sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) method to modify a lignite-based activated carbon. These modified carbons were appraised for their removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the preparation factors including nitric acid concentration CN, temperature T and SDBS concentration CS. Statistical analysis indicated that the interaction of CN and CS incurred the most effect on the maximum cadmium adsorption capacity (Qm). The optimal Qm appeared at CN = 3.29 mol/L, T = 76 °C and CS=30,700 mg/L. The optimal protocol achieved 44.21 mg/g Qm for Cd(II) which was about 7 times larger than for this pristine lignite activated carbon (LAC) (6.78 mg/g). The physical-chemical properties of the modified activated carbons following each synthesis step were characterized relative to their surface area, oxygen functionality, and external surface charge. It was confirmed that the developed surface area, functional groups and negative charges were mainly responsible for the higher adsorption capacity for the LAC that have been more favorably tailored by this HNO3-SDBS protocol.
Динаміка стану здоров’я школярів в Україні за даними анкетного опитування
Authors: Nyankovskyy S.L. , Yatsula M.S. , Nyankovska O.S. , Tytusa A.V. 
Published: October 2018

Актуальність. За останні десятиріччя стан здоров’я та фізичний розвиток дитячого населення України погіршуються. Серед факторів, що спричиняють зниження рівня дитячого здоров’я, чи не найважливіша роль відводиться навчальному навантаженню, стресогенна дія якого веде до розвитку дезадаптаційного синдрому з невротичними реакціями різного ступеня інтенсивності. Матеріали та методи. На основі даних анкетування школярів м. Львова у 2002 р. (20 000 школярів), 2013 р. (32 000 учнів) і 2017 р. (70 000 школярів) поданий порівняльний аналіз вікової частоти основних скарг і симптомів, медико-соціальних особливостей учнів 1–11-х класів. Результати. Стан здоров’я школярів останніми роками не має тенденції до покращання. Найбільш частими є скарги школярів на біль у животі, печію, нудоту, біль голови, зниження апетиту, симптоми вегетативної лабільності й астенічного синдрому, інші симптоми синдрому шкільної дезадаптації, що, ймовірно, пов’язано з високим рівнем шкільного навантаження, неадекватним харчуванням, дією стресогенних факторів на тлі значного зниження фізичної активності школярів. Сучасний раціон школярів є незбалансованим, він не забезпечує добового надходження всіх необхідних нутрієнтів, у тому числі вітамінів і мікроелементів. Висновки. Комплексний підхід до оцінки стану здоров’я школярів на основі об’єктивної інформації, впровадження нових оздоровчих технологій, об’єднання зусиль медичних працівників, педагогів і батьків може запобігти розвитку функціональних порушень і органічної патології в школярів, їх хронізації, зменшити симптоми шкільної дезадаптації, підвищити рівень здоров’я і їх здатність до навчання, а також запобігти розвитку захворювань у дорослому віці. При цьому дана технологія не вимагає значних фінансових інвестицій.
Ефективність застосування методу алергенспецифічної імунотерапії в дітей з атопічним дерматитом у поєднанні з патологією верхніх відділів шлунково-кишкового тракту
Authors: Sorokman T.V. , Ostapchuk V.G. 
Published: October 2018

Актуальність. У структурі дерматологічної захворюваності питома вага атопічного дерматиту (АД) становить до 20,0 %. Тяжкість АД корелює з ураженням шлунково-кишкового тракту, що пояснює необхідність комплексної терапії даної патології. На думку практично всіх фахівців з імунології та алергології, єдиним методом, здатним впливати на всі ланки патологічного процесу, є алергенспецифічна імунотерапія (АСІТ). Мета: визначити ефективність застосування методу АСІТ в дітей із атопічним дерматитом у поєднанні з патологією верхніх відділів шлунково-кишкового тракту. Матеріали та методи. У роботі подані матеріали клінічного спостереження, клініко-лабораторного й інструментального обстеження 168 дітей віком від 7 до 18 років із АД у поєднанні з хронічним гастродуоденітом (ХГД). Порівняльну оцінку різних варіантів лікування проводили в 50 дітей: основна група — 25 дітей із АД і ХГД, яким поряд із традиційною терапією на етапі амбулаторного лікування проводили АСІТ за стандартною схемою протягом року, групу порівняння становили 25 дітей із поєднаною патологією, які отримували базову терапію. Результати. Клінічна симптоматика в дітей із ХГД у поєднанні з АД характеризувалася наявністю провідних синдромів: больового (98,8 ± 8,9 % хворих), диспептичного (91,6 ± 11,2 % хворих), інтоксикаційного (79,1 ± 7,2 % хворих) і шкірного (100 %). У групі дітей, які отримували АСІТ, середні рівні індексу SСORAD через три місяці після лікування знижувались на 61,8 %, через один рік після проведеного лікування — на 42,6 %. Відповідні показники в групі порівняння знижувались на 41,3 та 24,9 % (р < 0,05) відповідно. Застосування комплексного лікування дітей із АД і ХГД дозволило скоротити на 27,8 % термін купірування больового, на 14,0 % — диспептичного й на 25,0 % — астеновегетативного синдромів. Визначено, що відносний ризик розвитку рецидивів захворювання знизиться в 0,48 раза (c2 = 3,96, р < 0,05) при включенні даної терапії в схему лікування. Висновки. Проведене клінічне дослідження продемонструвало позитивний вплив комплексного лікування із включенням АСІТ на показники клінічного перебігу АД у поєднанні з ХГД. Запропонована комплексна терапія була більш ефективною порівняно з традиційним лікуванням навіть у віддалені терміни спостереження.
Вплив екологічних факторів на маніфестацію респіраторних захворювань
Authors: Kozhyna O.S. 
Published: October 2018

Вперше в Україні в Харківському регіоні в 2015–2017 роках виконано IV фазу Міжнародної програми ISAAC. Було роздано 6330 анкет; у програмі взяли участь 6146 (97 %) школярів. Респіраторні скарги виявлені у 12,8 %: серед дітей 6–7 років — 13,2 %, 13–14 років — 12,4 %. Для виявлення динаміки поширення респіраторних симптомів проведено порівняння з даними І фази ISAAC (Огнєв В.А., 1998) — за останні 19 років поширеність респіраторних симптомів знизилася у 1,6 раза серед дітей молодшого шкільного віку, у 2 рази — в підлітковому віці. Дослідження проведено в 8 районах Харківської області (Лозівському, Куп’янському, Вовчанському, Богодухівському, Сахновщанському, Барвінківському, Дергачівському, Нововодолазькому), що відрізняються екологічними характеристиками середовища. В екологічно забруднених районах вище поширеність wheezing у 1,4 раза, симптомів астми фізичного напруження — у 1,9 раза та у 3,4 раза частіше відзначаються тяжкі напади задишки, що порушують нічний сон. Дослідження спрямовано на удосконалення профілактики бронхіальної астми в дитячій популяції Харківської області.