bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caracterización generacional de la empresa el Salinerito de Guaranda
Authors: Villarreal Salazar Fernando Javier , Chuquín Héctor , Piaún Charfuelán Vanessa Isabel 
Published: August 2019

Salinas, una parroquia rural del Cantón Guaranda de la Provincia de Bolívar en Ecuador, se ha convertido en un referente organizacional de producción y desarrollo cooperativo o solidario en ese país, debido a una serie de eventos generacionales que marcaron significativamente su proceso. El estudio, desarrollado bajo el enfoque cualitativo y modalidad de campo, caracterizó los factores que dinamizaron el desarrollo social y productivo de la comunidad, a través de la indagación a tres generaciones: los pioneros, actualmente no vinculados directamente a la administración de la organización; la generación intermedia, que ahora gerencia los negocios de la localidad; y la tercera generación, que es la que tomará las riendas de sus organizaciones en el futuro. Los aspectos analizados incluyen los imaginarios colectivos de las tres generaciones, el nivel de apoyo de personas externas a la comunidad las actividades en cada generación, desde el trabajo en mingas, pasando por la formación y capacitación en organización y tecnologías de producción en derivados de la leche, hasta la incursión de sus productos en mercados nacionales e internacionales. Se estudió la evolución organizacional desde el aspecto solidario y cooperativo hasta una visión con un corte empresarial. Se utilizaron bases teóricas de capital social y se buscó así caracterizar a las tres generaciones; el resultado final fue aproximar las condiciones que determinaron sus formas de pensar y actuar. Como conclusión se tiene que los factores que potencializaron el desarrollo productivo del Salinerito, se enfocaron en el capital social de sus generaciones, arraigado en raíces de organización y comunidad.
Tuberculosis infection in children with negative reactions to the diaskintest
Authors: Yarovaya Yulia A. , Lozovskaya Marina E. , Klochkova Ludmila V. , Vasilieva Elena B. , Stepanov Gennadii A. , Mosina Anna V. 
Published: August 2019

Variants of the course of tuberculosis infection in 54 children from two to 14 years old, negatively reacting to a sample with an allergen tuberculosis recombinant (Diaskintest) were analyzed. There were 3 groups: 1st – 27 children infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT), 50. 0% of cases; 2nd – 16 children with newly diagnosed residual post-tuberculosis changes (OPTI), 29. 6% of cases; 3rd group – 11 patients with active tuberculosis, 20. 4% of cases.
Methods of examination: intradermal Mantoux test with 2TE and Diaskintest, according to the testimony of a number of patients in vitro tests: QuantiFERON test (QFT), – SPOT test.TV, multispiral computed tomography, bacteriological, molecular genetic methods of investigation on MBT. The method of mass tuberculin diagnostics revealed 70. 4 ± 8. 8% of children of the 1st group, 93. 8 ± 4. 7% of the 2nd group and 54. 6 ± 15. 0% of children of the 3rd group. The duration of infection with MBT in children was different and was less than 1 year in children of the 1st and 2nd groups – 51. 9 ± 9. 6% and 43. 8 ± 12. 4% of cases, respectively, which was significantly more frequent than in patients of the 3rd group (18. 2 ± 11. 6% of cases). Tuberculosis disease occurred in the form of complicated forms of the primary period-in 45. 5 ± 15. 0 % of cases, uncomplicated forms – in 27. 3 ± 3. 4% of cases, generalized lesions – in 27. 3 ± 13. 4% of cases. Diagnosis of a specific lesion occurred equally in the manifest phases of inflammation: infiltration, infiltration and decay (45. 5 ± 15. 0% of cases), and in the phase of ongoing reverse development (incomplete calcination – in 45. 5 ± 15. 0% of cases), one child had a combination of infiltration and calcination phases (9. 1 ± 8. 7% of cases). Residual posttuberculosis changes in children of group 2 were more often formed in the form of calcifications in the organs of the thoracic cavity – in 87. 5% of cases, in 12. 5 ± 8. 3% of patients OPTI was formed by the formation of seals.
Conclusion: in children with negative reactions to the Diaskintest requires individual comprehensive diagnosis of tuberculosis infection.
Computer diagnostic features combining different types of radiographs of the maxillofacial area
Authors: Subbotin Roman S. , Puzdyreva Margarita N. , Fomin Igor V. , Fishchev Sergey B. , Kondratyuk Andrey A. 
Published: August 2019

The introduction of new digital technologies into clinical practice and the improvement of X-ray equipment made it possible to widely use the method of cone-beam computed tomography and other X-ray methods of research. However, it is necessary to improve diagnostic methods by combining different research methods.
Aim. Improvement of the method of investigation of the spatial arrangement of elements of the temporomandibular joint and medial incisors of the upper and lower jaw.
Materials and methods. The study analyzed teleroentgenogram in the lateral projection and computed tomography of 292 people with no signs of organic pathology of the maxillofacial region. Generally accepted in orthodontics morphological points and anatomical landmarks were used.
Results. The proposed method of combining computer tomography mandibular joint and medial cuts antagonists with teleroentgenograms of the head in lateral projection. The main reference points were the C points at the top of the articular process and the auditory passage of tomograms, which were combined with respect to the craniocerebral horizontal. When applying tomograms cutters guidance was conditional median vertical cutters, which were combined with lines forming mezhrassovyy angle teleroentgenogram, as well as the front vertical face (N – Pg), and the period Pg.
Conclusion. The study proposed matching algorithm telerentgenogram and some portions of the tomograms of the temporomandibular joints and the medial incisors in the occlusal relationship.
EXPLORING AL -FAUZ AL KABIR’S FIVE THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE QURAN: A PERSPECTIVE FROM SHAH WALI ALLAH AL-DEHLAVI
Authors: Ashfaq Naeem , Salamon Hussin bin , Abu Hussin Mohd Fauzi Bin , Rosman Arieff Salleh , Ruskam Aminuddin Bin , Mohamed Ahmad Kilani , Bin Husin Ezwan Rafiq 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: This study explores the contribution of Shah Wali Allah al-Dehlavi’s work on the Quran to classify it into five categories (themes) using a qualitative methodology known as thematic analysis in today’s world of research, in his book Al-Fawz al-Kabir. This paper is an attempt to show the contributions of Muslim scholars in the world of research by introducing the research methodology which is used even in today’s modern world.
Methodology: A qualitative comparative analysis was employed by reviewing both the approaches such as Thematic Analysis and the approach applied by Shah Wali Allah to find five sciences.
Main Findings: The result showed that both research approaches are similar. This study concludes that [our] classical scholars have formulated and used the research methodologies which may be applicable and relevant to the current research paradigms.
Applications: This article can be used as a gateway by academics to review and analyze the work of Islamic classical scholars specifically their research techniques to derive new research methodologies.
Novelty/Originality: The work of Shah Wali Allah (SWA) on the Quran to find out the relationship between the research methodology employed by SWA and the Thematic Analysis has been studied.
Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed Diet Added with Buffaloes Rumen Fluid Enzymes from Slaughterhouses
Authors: Haroen Ucop , Budiansyah Agus , Noperdiman Noperdiman , Harnita Harnita , Jusalia Jusalia 
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of rumen fluid enzymes of buffaloes from slaughterhouse in diet on feed intake, slaughter weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, absolute carcass weight, relative carcass weight, and digestive organs of broiler. Materials used was two hundred unsexed 1 day old chicks of broilers. The study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications consisted of 10 birds each replication. Treatment groups were as follows P0 = diet without addition of rumen fluid enzymes (control); P1 = diet with addition of rumen fluid enzymes of 0.75%; P2 = diet with addition of rumen fluid enzymes of 1.5%; P3= diet with addition of rumen fluid enzymes of 2.25%; P4= diet with addition of rumen fluid enzymes of 3%. The variables observed were feed intake, slaughter weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, absolute carcass weight, relative carcass weight, and digestive organs. Results of the study showed that the treatments gave a non-significant different (P>0.05) on feed intake, slaughter weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, absolute carcass weight, relative carcass weight, and digestive organs of broiler chicken. It could be concluded that the use of rumen fluid enzymes of buffaloes in the diets up to 3% level did not increase performance and digestive organs of broiler chicken.
Implementation of an interactive organ donation education program for Dutch lower-educated students: a process evaluation
Authors: Steenaart Esther , Crutzen Rik , de Vries Nanne K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

As organ donation registration rates remain low, especially among lower-educated people, it is important to support this group in making their registration decision. To prepare lower-educated students in the Netherlands for making a well-informed decision, an interactive educational program was developed. We aim to understand both the (quality of) implementation as well as to contextualize the effect of this program in a lower-educated school setting.

Methods

The process evaluation was part of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, in which 11 schools for Intermediate Vocational Education throughout the Netherlands participated. Teachers who taught a course on Citizenship delivered three intervention elements (i.e. video fragments and discussion, quizzes with tailored feedback and an exercise filling out a registration form) to their students. Implementation was assessed by interviews with teachers, questionnaires from students, logbooks from teachers and user data from Google Analytics.

Results

The program was well received and implemented, but on-the-spot adaptations were made by teachers to fit their students better. Within the lower-educated target group, differences between students are high in terms of active participation, reading abilities, knowledge and attention span. The program fit well within their regular teaching activities, but the topic of organ donation is not always prioritized by teachers.

Conclusions

We see opportunities to disseminate the program on a larger scale and reach a group that has been neglected in organ donation education before. Within the program, there are possibilities to increase the effectiveness of the program, such as alternative delivery methods for the elements with a lot of text, the addition of booster sessions and guidelines for teachers to adapt the program to students of different levels within Intermediate Vocational Education. Moreover, in order to have an impact on a national level, strategies need to be employed to reach high numbers of students and, therefore, support on a higher level is needed (both within schools and at policy level).
Diffusion tensor imaging revealed different pathological processes of white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Min Zhigang , Shan Hairong , Xu Long , Yuan Daihai , Sheng Xuexia , Xie Wenchao , Cao Zhi-hong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to verify the pathological heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). We compared diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics within different brain regions using identical grading protocols, and subsequently investigated the microstructural changes in these areas as the WMH progressed.
Methods
Seventy-three patients with WMH and 18 healthy controls who received DTI were included in this study. We measured fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (DA), and radial diffusivity (DR) of periventricular and deep WMH in six brain regions and grouped these measures according to the Fazekas scale. We then compared the DTI metrics of different regions with the same Fazekas scale grade.
Results
Significantly lower FA values (all p<0.001), and higher MD (all p<0.001) and DR values (all p<0.001) were associated with WMH observed within the periventricular white matter around the frontal horn (pFH) and the frontal lateral ventricle (pFLV) compared to other regions with the same Fazekas grades. However, in the normal white matter of the pFH and pFLV, FA was not significantly lower than all other regions. Furthermore, in these areas, MD, DA, and DR were not significantly higher than in all other regions.
Conclusion
Distinct pathological processes occurred within frontal periventricular WMH and other regions; these processes may represent the effects of severe demyelination within the frontal periventricular white matter.
Highly multiplexed quantifications of 299 somatic mutations in colorectal cancer patients by automated MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Xu Chang , Peng Danli , Li Jialu , Chen Meihua , Hu Yujie , Hou Mingliang , Shang Qingjuan , Liang Qi , Li Jie , Li Wenfeng , Wu Xiaoli , Liu Changbao , Hu Wanle , Cai Mao , Zhang Huxiang , Chen Guorong , Yu Lingling , Zheng Xiaoqun , Jiang Feizhao , Luan Ju , Jin Shengnan , Ding Chunming 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Detection of somatic mutations in tumor tissues helps to understand tumor biology and guide treatment selection. Methods such as quantitative PCR can analyze a few mutations with high efficiency, while next generation sequencing (NGS) based methods can analyze hundreds to thousands of mutations. However, there is a lack of cost-effective method for quantitatively analyzing tens to a few hundred mutations of potential biological and clinical significance.

Methods

Through a comprehensive database and literature review we selected 299 mutations associated with colorectal cancer. We then designed a highly multiplexed assay panel (8-wells covering 299 mutations) based on an automated MADLI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) platform. The multiplex panel was tested with a total of 319 freshly frozen tissues and 92 FFPE samples from 229 colorectal cancer patients, with 13 samples also analyzed by a targeted NGS method covering 532 genes.

Results

Multiplex somatic mutation panel based on MALDI-TOF MS detected and quantified at least one somatic mutation in 142 patients, with KRAS, TP53 and APC being the most frequently mutated genes. Extensive validation by both capillary sequencing and targeted NGS demonstrated high accuracy of the multiplex MS assay. Out of 35 mutations tested with plasmid constructs, sensitivities of 5% and 10% mutant allele frequency were achieved for 19 and 16 mutations, respectively.

Conclusions

Automated MALDI-TOF MS offers an efficient and cost-effective platform for highly multiplexed quantitation of 299 somatic mutations, which may be useful in studying the biological and clinical significance of somatic mutations with large numbers of cancer tissues.
Clinical Value of Energy Spectrum Curves of Dual-energy CT in Evaluating Pathological Grading of Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lu Zhihua , Wu Suying , Chen Jianwei , Yan Chuan , Li Yueming 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Backgroud: Accurate diagnosis of cancer staging and pathological differentiation are critical for the formulation of individualized treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. It is vital to explore non-invasive preoperative imaging techniques to evaluate the pathological differentiation degree of gastric cancer tissues, and provide better diagnostic basis and decision-making reference for treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical value of energy spectrum curves of dual-source dual-energy CT in the quantitative evaluation of different pathological grades of gastric adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A total of 62 patients with 1 well, 25 moderately and 36 poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinomas pathologically confirmed by surgery were collected, and they underwent dual-source dual-energy CT plain scanning and enhanced scanning before operation. Dual-Energy software was used to measure the slope of the energy spectrum curves (λ) in arterial and venous phases after image reconstruction. Patients were divided into two groups according to the pathological results, including well and moderately differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma group and poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma group. Data of each group were analyzed by independent sample t-test. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the corresponding parameters.
Results: There were significant differences in λ values of 40-50keV, 40-60keV, 40-80keV, 40-90keV, 40-100keV, 40-120keV, 40-130keV, 40-140keV and 40-150keV energy ranges in venous phase between the well and moderately differentiated group and poorly differentiated group (P<0.05), but no significant differences in λ values of different energy ranges in arterial phase between the two groups (P>0.05). And the area under curve in 40-120keV energy range was the largest in venous phase. K40-120keV =2.69 was selected as the diagnostic threshold with the maximum Youden index, the sensitivity and specificity were 61.1% and 76%, respectively.
Conclusion: The energy spectrum curve of dual-energy CT had certain diagnostic value in the quantitative evaluation of pathological grading of gastric adenocarcinoma.
Diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus in University Hospital Centre Zagreb between 2012 and 2017
Authors: Franolic Luka , Markos Pave , Rustemovic Nadan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
AIM

To evaluate epidemiology and demographic data of patients diagnosed with Barrett’s esophagus in University Hospital Centre Zagreb between January 2012 and December 2017.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In a 6 year period, upper GI endoscopy was performed in 19950 patients. We have analysed endoscopy and hospital database regarding pathohistological confirmation and demographic data of patients diagnosed with Barrett’s esophagus .

RESULTS

Endoscopy suspicion of esophageal metaplasia (ESEM) was made in 592 patients. Pathohistological confirmation of Barrett’s esophagus was established in 163 patients (0.8%). Intestinal metaplasia without dysplasia was diagnosed in 137 patients, low grade dysplasia in 20 patients, high grade dysplasia in three and early cancer in three patients.

In the group of 163 patients with confirmed Barrett’s esophagus 116 (71%) were male and 47 (29%) were female with median age of 58 years. Hiatal hernia was observed during endoscopy in 92 patients (56%).

Patients with high grade dysplasia and early cancer have been treated with bandEMR and then radio frequency ablation (RFA), and all the patients with confirmed low grade dysplasia have been treated with RFA.

CONCLUSION

Barrett’s esophagus still has a low incidence in Croatia, even in a high volume tertiary referral Centre.
HbA1C as a potential Biomarker of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: comparison with BMI, WHR and WC
Authors: Masroor Muhammad , Haque Zeba 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a slow progressing disease common in obese and diabetic individuals. Present study attempts to establish association of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) with NAFLD and its severity, compared with body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC).
Methods: This case control study was conducted on a sample of 450 individuals including 150 cases and 300 age and gender matched controls recruited from Dow Radiology Institute through convenient sampling. Severity of the disease among cases was determined upon ultrasonic evidence. Detailed history and physical examination was recorded. HbA1C was determined by TINIA method. The study was part of a project funded by Higher education of Pakistan.
Results: Among the cases 66% whereas 32% of controls had HbA1C levels more than normal value (5.7%). HbA1C, type II DM and BMI were significantly associated with NAFLD (cOR= 4.12, 2.88, 2.25 (overweigh) and 4.32 (obese) respectively)..WC was found significantly associated with NAFLD in both genders (cOR in males= 5.50 and females= 5.79, p<0.01). After adjustment with BMI and Type II DM, HbA1C was found significantly associated with NAFLD (aOR=3.40, p<0.001) along with BMI more than 30Kg/m2 (aOR= 3.30, p< 0.001). After stratification of data on the basis of gender HbA1C and WC remained significant (aOR= 2.08 and 2.91, p<0.05 respectively) while BMI became insignificant (aOR= 1.65 and 1.73, p>0.05 for overweight and obese) in males. In females, HbA1C, WC and BMI (only in obese individuals) were found significantly associated (aOR=5.20 p<0.001, 4.28 p=0.035 and 2.90 p=0.029) respectively. AUC for HbA1C was valid for total population (0.76, CI; 0.715 – 0.809) males (0.706, CI; 0.629 – 0.783) and females (0.80, CI; 0.741 – 0.858).
Conclusion: HbA1C level is significantly associated with presence of NAFLD and possesses a valid predictability value in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. It is the single risk factor that is strongly associated with NAFLD after adjustment with BMI, WHR and WC. HbA1C may be presented as a potential biomarker for NAFLD examined with WC in adult population. Evaluation of HbA1C for potential biomarker for NAFLD merits more studies in other settings.
Incidence of and Risk Factors for Recurrent Cardiovascular Disease Events in Middle-Eastern Adults
Authors: Govender Romona Devi , Al-Shamsi Saif , Soteriades Elpidoforos S. , Regmi Dybesh 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Individuals with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at a much higher risk of either recurrent cardiovascular events or death. Previous research has shown that the incidence rate for recurrent CVD events varies across countries and populations. The association of traditional CVD risk factors, such as age, smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus increases the risk of recurrent CVD events or death particularly in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has one of the highest age-standardized death rate for CVD worldwide. The aim of our study was to estimate the incidence rates and determine the predictors of recurrent CVD events among UAE nationals.

Methods

We investigated an outpatient-based cohort of patients with a history of prior CVD visiting Tawam Hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008 and followed-up until the end of study period, July 31, 2018. Univariable and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to explore the association between different major CVD risk factors and the risk of recurrent CVD.

Results

A total of 216 patients (167 males, 49 females) with a history of CVD were included in our study. They were followed for a median of 8.1 years (interquartile range 5.5 to 9.3 years), with a total of 1184 patient-years of follow-up. The overall incidence rate of recurrent CVD events was 92.1 per 1000 patient-years. The 8-year cumulative incidence was 73.7%. Age, female sex, and diabetes mellitus were significant predictors of recurrent CVD events. Females had an 85% higher probability of recurrent CVD than males.

Conclusion

The overall incidence rate of recurrent CVD events in the UAE is 92.1 per 1000 patient-years and is one of the highest in Middle Eastern region. Primary and tertiary preventive measures are urgently needed in order to improve CVD morbidity and mortality and attempt to reverse the alarming rates of new and recurrent CVD events among UAE nationals. These interventions should comply with international guidelines for CVD management.