bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparisons in long‐term clinical outcomes among patients with upper or lower extremity lymphedema treated with diverse vascularized lymph node transfer
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Manrique Oscar J. , Bustos Samyd S. , Coca John J. P. , Chang Chang‐Cheng , Shih Pin‐Keng , Nicoli Fabio , Lo Torto Federico , Agko Mouchammed , Huang Tony C.‐T. , Maruccia Michele , Chen Hung‐Chi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundVascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) is an emerging surgical treatment for lymphedema. However, literature‐comparing outcomes of upper limb lymphedema (ULL) and lower limb lymphedema (LLL) is limited. Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the long‐term clinical outcomes on ULL versus LLL in patients treated with VLNT.MethodsA retrospective study retrieving data from patients with International Society of Lymphology (ISL) stages II–III who underwent different VLNTs from July 2010 to July 2016 in our institution was performed. Demographics preoperatively, and clinical data (limb circumference, infectious episodes, lymphoscintigraphic studies) preoperatively and postoperatively were recorded. Clinical outcomes by extremity were also analyzed.ResultsA total of 83 patients with lymphedema (ULL: n = 30, LLL: n = 53) were included. Mean follow‐up time was 32.8 months (range 24–49 months). Mean circumference reduction was higher in patients with ULL compared to with LLL (28.6 ± 8.6 vs. 22.3 ± 10.1, p < .001), and for patients with secondary lymphedema (24.8 ± 9.6, p < .001) than for patients with primary lymphedema (18.9 ± 14, p > .05). Infectious episodes per year preoperative and postoperative showed that LLL patients had higher reduction on infection rate compared with ULL patients (2.4 ± 1.1 vs. 1.9 ± 1.2, p < .001).ConclusionVLNT is a promising surgical treatment option for patients with lymphedema. This study suggests that VLNT may have a more beneficial outcome in patients with ULL and with secondary lymphedema.
Bismuth‐doped compound germanate glass microsphere lasing in the near‐infrared region
Authors: Liang Haidong , Wang Xin , Yu Jibo , Yang Wenlei , Lewis Elfed , Wang Pengfei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA bismuth‐doped compound glass‐based microsphere laser is reported. The fluorescence luminescence of the bismuth‐doped compound glass is measured over an ultra‐broad wavelength range of 1100 to 1700 nm excited using an 808 nm pumping source. The glass microsphere was fabricated using a CO2 laser heating the fiber near its melting temperature, and when coupled with the tapered silica fiber, yielded the 1310 nm laser emission pumped using an 808 nm laser diode. The 245 μW––low absorbed pumping threshold of the microsphere, 3.57 μW laser output and the tunable multiple wavelength emissions demonstrate great potential applications for use in near infrared broadband fiber amplifiers and tunable lasers.
MiR‐8‐3p regulates hyperthermia‐induced lactate secretion by targeting PPP2R5B in boar Sertoli cells
Authors: Hu Yu , Deng Jie , Tian Ke , Yang Wei‐Rong , Luo Nan‐Jian , Lian Yu , Gan Lu , Tang Xing‐Yi , Luo Hong‐Yan , Zhang Jiao‐Jiao , Wang Xian‐Zhong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLactate produced by glycolysis in Sertoli cells (SCs) is the main energy substrate for developing germ cells and plays a vital role in spermatogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in biological processes. We have previously shown that hyperthermia (43°C, 30 min) promotes lactate secretion by inhibiting phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cultured immature boar SCs. However, it is unclear whether miRNAs are involved in AMPK‐modulated glycolysis in SCs. In the present study, we identified 349 miRNAs (227 upregulated and 122 downregulated) in hyperthermia‐treated boar SCs by next‐generation high‐throughput RNA sequencing. MiR‐8‐3p, which was found to be a novel upregulated miRNA in hyperthermia‐treated SCs, suppressed the expression of AMPK upstream genes (protein phosphatase 2 subunit B, PPP2R5B), and further downregulated the expression of p‐AMPK. The miR‐8‐3p mimic upregulated expression of glucose transporter 3, lactate dehydrogenase A and monocarboxylate transporter 1, and increased lactic acid dehydrogenase activity, lactate secretion, and ATP depletion in SCs; the miR‐8‐3p inhibitor had the opposite effects on these parameters. Our findings indicate that miR‐8‐3p acts as a novel regulator of AMPK‐modulated lactate secretion by targeting PPP2R5B in hyperthermic boar SCs.
An Integrated Pest Management Tactic for Quagga Mussels: Site-Specific Application of Fish Biological Control Agents
Authors: Culver Carolynn S. , Ginther Samuel C. , Daft Daniel , Johnson Leigh T. , Brooks Andrew J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The quagga mussel Dreissena bugensis is a harmful aquatic pest that invaded the southwestern USA in 2007. Challenges with managing this pest have been encountered because the invaded systems are primarily open-water sources used for human consumption and/or are connected to freshwater habitats containing threatened and endangered species. Existing chemical and physical control methods are undesirable, and the use of some methods is restricted or prohibited because they pose risks to humans and ecosystems more broadly. To address this problem, we investigated the efficacy of using resident fishes as biocontrol agents for managing different life stages of quagga mussels on different spatial scales in a site-specific manner. We conducted field experiments to test whether planktivorous Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus reduced mussel infestations on substrates of varying orientations in small and large pens through predation on larval mussels. We also performed an experiment to evaluate whether carnivorous Redear Sunfish L. microlophus reduced mussel infestations established on substrates of varying orientations in small pens through predation on juvenile and adult mussels. Bluegill significantly reduced mussel infestations on all substrates in the pens through predation on larvae and small juvenile mussels. Redear Sunfish reduced existing juvenile and adult mussel populations in some cases, with consumption varying among individuals and substrate orientations. Our results indicate that fishes, specifically Bluegill, may represent effective site-specific biocontrol agents for quagga mussels, reducing impacts on targeted infrastructure (e.g., water towers, docks, and pipes) and habitats having different surface orientations by controlling more than one life stage of the pest. Development of an integrated pest management strategy that considers application of this tactic in combination with others would undoubtedly improve the management of quagga mussels—and potentially that of congeneric zebra mussels D. polymorpha—within lake and reservoir ecosystems.
Elementary school teachers’ preferences for school‐based interventions for students with emotional and behavioral problems
Authors: Egan Theresa E. , Wymbs Frances A. , Owens Julie Sarno , Evans Steven W. , Hustus Chelsea , Allan Darcey M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTeachers’ adoption and implementation of evidence‐based programs is often limited. Program characteristics may be important facilitators or barriers of use, yet little is known about which attributes influence teacher decisions. Using a discrete choice experiment with a sample of general education elementary teachers (N = 230), we examined (a) preference for attributes of school‐based interventions, (b) relative preference for three intervention packages with experimentally manipulated characteristics, and (c) teacher characteristics related to the above preference profiles. Intervention outcomes were the most important characteristics in teachers’ intervention decisions. Most teachers’ responses suggested preference for a social and emotional learning program (57.9%) or school‐based consultation for behavioral interventions (35.8%); a small group of teachers preferred a general support intervention (5.8%). Teachers preferring the general support intervention reported greater mental health symptoms, lower mental health literacy and lower confidence in program effectiveness than peers preferring other interventions. Implications for intervention development and future directions are discussed.
Lignin, a biomass crosslinker, in a shape memory polycaprolactone network
Authors: Liu Hailing , Mohsin Nuverah , Kim Sundol , Chung Hoyong 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis work reports a new direction of natural lignin valorization, which utilizes lignin to produce crosslinked polycaprolactone (PCL) via a straightforward synthesis. Lignin's hydroxyl groups of its multibranched phenolic structure allow lignin to serve as crosslinkers, whereas the aromatic groups serve as hard segments. The modified natural lignin containing alkene terminals is crosslinked with a thiol‐terminal PCL via Ru‐catalyzed photoredox thiol‐ene reaction. The high rate of gel contents measured for all crosslinked polymers, with the least being 84% of gel content, indicates efficient crosslinking. The prepared flat rectangular shape lignin‐crosslinked PCL sample demonstrates rapid thermal responsive shape memory behavior at 10 °C and 80 °C showing interconversion between a permanent and temporary shape. The melting temperature of the lignin‐crosslinked PCL is tunable by varying the percent weight of lignin. The 11, 21, and 30 wt % lignin demonstrated Tm of 42 °C, 35 °C, and 26 °C, respectively. The role of lignin as a crosslinker presented in this work suggests that lignin can serve as an efficient biomass‐based functional additive to polymers. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2121–2130
Effect of P21‐activated kinase 1 (PAK‐1) inhibition on cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion
Authors: Najahi‐Missaoui Wided , Quach Nhat D. , Jenkins Amber , Dabke Isha , Somanath Payaningal R. , Cummings Brian S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractP21‐activated kinase‐1 (PAK‐1) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple signaling pathways that mediate cellular functions such as cytoskeletal motility, cell proliferation, and survival. PAK‐1 expression is altered in various cancers, including prostate and breast. Our recent studies showed that prostate cancer cells expressing higher levels of PAK‐1 were resistant to the cytotoxic effects of the PAK‐1 inhibitor, inhibitor targeting PAK‐1 activation‐3 (IPA‐3), compared to those with lower expression. This study expanded these findings to other cancers (breast and melanoma) by testing the hypothesis that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PAK‐1 alters cell growth, migration, and invasion in prostate, breast, and skin cancer cell lines. We also tested the specificity of IPA‐3 for PAK‐1 and the hypothesis that gene silencing of PAK‐1 altered the efficacy of sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) containing IPA‐3 (SSL‐IPA‐3). PAK‐1 expression was identified in four different breast cancer cell lines, and in a melanoma cell line. The expression of PAK‐1 correlated to the IC50 of IPA‐3 as measured by MTT staining. PAK‐1 inhibition using shRNA correlated with decreased cell migration and invasion in prostate cancer DU‐145 and breast cancer MCF‐7 cells. Decreased migration and invasion also correlated to decreased expression of E‐cadherin and alterations in C‐X‐C Chemokine Receptor type 4 and Homing Cell Adhesion Molecule expression. PAK‐1 inhibition increased the cytotoxicity of IPA‐3, and the cytotoxicity of SSL‐IPA‐3 to levels comparable to that of free drug. These data demonstrate that both pharmacological and molecular inhibition of PAK‐1 decreased growth in prostate, breast, and melanoma cancer cell lines, and increased the toxicity of IPA‐3 and its liposomal formulation. These data also show the specificity of IPA‐3 for PAK‐1, are some of the first data suggesting that IPA‐3 is a therapeutic treatment for breast cancer and melanoma, and demonstrate the efficacy of liposome‐encapsulated IPA‐3 in breast cancer cells.
Isocordoin analogues promote apoptosis in human melanoma cells via Hsp70
Authors: Russo Alessandra , Cardile Venera , Avola Rosanna , Graziano Adriana , Montenegro Iván , Said Bastian , Madrid Alejandro 
Published: September 2019

Isocordin 1 and a series of 4‐oxyalkyl‐isocordoin analogues 2–8 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity effect against human melanoma cells (A2058). Analogues 4, 5, and 6 showed a higher inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 12.91 ± 0.031, 24.88 ± 0.013, and 11.62 ± 0.017, respectively. These analogues, 4, 5, and 6, also induced an apoptotic response at 12.5‐ and 25‐μM concentrations. They inhibited the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl‐2 and Hsp70, a critical factor that promotes tumour cell survival. In contrast, Bax and caspase‐9 expression, and caspase‐3 enzyme resulted activated. These results were correlated to a DNA fragmentation typical of apoptosis and an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Alternatively, at higher concentration (50 μM), when the capacity of the cells to sustain Hsp70 synthesis is reduced, our results seem to indicate that necrosis was induced by a further increase in ROS production. Therefore, the central finding in the present study is that these molecules downregulates Hsp70 expression. Altogether, these results suggest that 4‐oxyalkyl‐isocordoin analogues 4, 5, and 6 deserve to be deeply investigated for a possible application as Hsp70 inhibitor in the management of melanoma.
High performance and safe flight of full‐scale helicopters from takeoff to landing with an ensemble of planners
Authors: Choudhury Sanjiban , Dugar Vishal , Maeta Silvio , MacAllister Brian , Arora Sankalp , Althoff Daniel , Scherer Sebastian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAutonomous flight of unmanned full‐size rotor‐craft has the potential to enable many new applications. However, the dynamics of these aircraft, prevailing wind conditions, the need to operate over a variety of speeds and stringent safety requirements make it difficult to generate safe plans for these systems. Prior work has shown results for only parts of the problem. Here we present the first comprehensive approach to planning safe trajectories for autonomous helicopters from takeoff to landing. Our approach is based on two key insights. First, we compose an approximate solution by cascading various modules that can efficiently solve different relaxations of the planning problem. Our framework invokes a long‐term route optimizer, which feeds a receding‐horizon planner which in turn feeds a high‐fidelity safety executive. Secondly, to deal with the diverse planning scenarios that may arise, we hedge our bets with an ensemble of planners. We use a data‐driven approach that maps a planning context to a diverse list of planning algorithms that maximize the likelihood of success. Our approach was extensively evaluated in simulation and in real‐world flight tests on three different helicopter systems for duration of more than 109 autonomous hours and 590 pilot‐in‐the‐loop hours. We provide an in‐depth analysis and discuss the various tradeoffs of decoupling the problem, using approximations and leveraging statistical techniques. We summarize the insights with the hope that it generalizes to other platforms and applications.
Energy poverty: A macrolevel perspective
Authors: Primc Kaja , Slabe‐Erker Renata , Majcen Boris 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe growing unpredictability of energy poverty requires a different policy approach. Yet studies focus on the microlevel drivers, leaving the roles of macroeconomic perspective and climate understudied. Studying the latter is important though, because well‐planned policies can fail if the causes of energy poverty and their interrelations remain unclear. This research submits data collected from 28 EU member states to fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis and offers new evidence concerning the relationship between energy poverty and macrolevel drivers. Our results suggest that states with a mild climate, low or average GDP, and high energy prices have high levels of energy poverty. Likewise, states located in colder climates with low or average GDP, the energy‐policy focus, and nonhigh energy prices tend to be energy poor. Moreover, the results show that two configurations lead to absence of energy poverty. To develop and implement effective policies, it is vital to understand these configurations.
Synergistic Control of Structural Disorder and Surface Bonding Nature to Optimize the Functionality of Manganese Oxide as an Electrocatalyst and a Cathode for Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Jin Xiaoyan , Park Mihui , Shin Seung‐Jae , Jo Yujin , Kim Min Gyu , Kim Hyungjun , Kang Yong‐Mook , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn efficient way to improve the electrocatalyst and Li–O2 battery performances of metal oxide is developed by an exquisite synergistic control over structural disorder and surface bonding nature. The effects of amorphous nature and surface chemical environment on the functionalities of metal oxide are systematically investigated with well‐crystalline and amorphous MnO2 nanocrystals with/without surface anchoring of highly oxidized iodate clusters. The amorphous MnO2 nanocrystal containing anchored iodate clusters shows much better performance as an oxygen evolution electrocatalyst and cathode catalyst for Li–O2 batteries than both iodate‐free amorphous and well‐crystalline homologues, underscoring the remarkable advantage of simultaneous enhancement of structural disorder and surface electron density. In situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopic analysis demonstrates the promoted formation of double (MnO) bond, a critical step of oxygen evolution reaction, upon amorphization caused by the poor orbital overlap inside highly disordered crystallites. The beneficial effects of iodate anchoring and amorphization on electrocatalyst functionality are attributable to the alteration of surface bonding character, stabilization of Jahn–Teller active Mn3+ species, and enhanced charge transfer of interfaces. The present study underscores that fine‐tuning of structural disorder and surface bonding nature provides an effective methodology to explore efficient metal oxide‐based electrocatalysts.
Early Lithium Plating Behavior in Confined Nanospace of 3D Lithiophilic Carbon Matrix for Stable Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Huang Shaobo , Yang Hao , Hu Jiangkui , Liu Yongchang , Wang Kexin , Peng Hailin , Zhang Hao , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConsiderable efforts are devoted to relieve the critical lithium dendritic and volume change problems in the lithium metal anode. Constructing uniform Li+ distribution and lithium “host” are shown to be the most promising strategies to drive practical lithium metal anode development. Herein, a uniform Li nucleation/growth behavior in a confined nanospace is verified by constructing vertical graphene on a 3D commercial copper mesh. The difference of solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) composition and lithium growth behavior in the confined nanospace is further demonstrated by in‐depth X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and line‐scan energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopic (EDS) methods. As a result, a high Columbic efficiency of 97% beyond 250 cycles at a current density of 2 mA cm−2 and a prolonged lifespan of symmetrical cell (500 cycles at 5 mA cm−2) can be easily achieved. More meaningfully, the solid‐state lithium metal cell paired with the composite lithium anode and LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM) as the cathode also demonstrate reduced polarization and extended cycle. The present confined nanospace–derived hybrid anode can further promote the development of future all solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
Deciphering the Interface of a High‐Voltage (5 V‐Class) Li‐Ion Battery Containing Additive‐Assisted Sulfolane‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Lu Di , Xu Gaojie , Hu Zhiwei , Cui Zili , Wang Xiao , Li Jiedong , Huang Lang , Du Xiaofan , Wang Yantao , Ma Jun , Lu Xiaolan , Lin Hong‐Ji , Chen Chien‐Te , Nugroho Agustinus Agung , Tjeng Liu Hao , Cui Guanglei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNext generation high energy density lithium‐ion batteries have aroused great interests worldwide. Herein, in a high‐voltage (5 V‐class) LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/MCMB (graphitic mesocarbon microbeads) battery system using 1 m lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate/sulfolane, tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSP) additive is added to significantly improve room/high temperature cycling performances. The unchanged X‐ray diffraction patterns suggest the bulk crystal structure of cycled MCMB anode and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode are well preserved. Moreover, soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) taken from bulk sensitive fluorescence‐yield (FY) mode reveals the unchanged bulk electronic structure of cycled LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode. Therefore, it is concluded that only interface instability contributes to capacity fading of full‐cells. However, electrode/electrolyte interface and corresponding interfacial reaction processes are always “enigmatic.” First, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) are used to more accurately decipher the TMSP additive action mechanism in MCMB/electrolyte interfacial reaction processes, by identifying the interfacial solid and gas byproducts, respectively. Then, the crucial role of TMSP additive in modifying cathode/electrolyte interface is revealed by XPS and soft XAS taken from surface sensitive total electron yield (TEY) mode. This paper provides valuable perspectives for formulating novel electrolytes, and for more accurately depicting additive action mechanism in “enigmatic” electrode/electrolyte interfacial reaction processes.
Looking Back and Looking Ahead in Electrochemical Reduction of CO2
Authors: Lee Seunghwa , Choi Minjun , Lee Jaeyoung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to valuable organic compounds is promising as to recycling of carbon source of CO2 and technical compatibility with systems using renewable energy resources. In recent years, considerable efforts have been devoted to the research field of CO2 conversion using electrocatalysis. This personal account particularly focuses on the recent progress that has been achieved by the Ertl Center and a number of groups in South Korea that becomes one of the larger CO2 emitters. The research trends of catalyst development divided into different categories according to the primary products are presented first. Afterwards, several studies on theoretical calculations and electrolytic reactors are reviewed taking into account the fundamental understanding and feasibility of the CO2 electroreduction. Finally, a perspective on the challenges and needs in achieving the advanced level of research and development is presented.
Methods for analysis of circular RNAs
Authors: Pandey Poonam R. , Munk Rachel , Kundu Gautam , De Supriyo , Abdelmohsen Kotb , Gorospe Myriam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEukaryotic cells express a myriad of circular RNAs (circRNAs), many of them displaying tissue‐specific expression patterns. They arise from linear precursor RNAs in which 5′ and 3′ ends become covalently ligated. Given these features, biochemical and computational approaches traditionally used to study linear RNA must be adapted for analysis of circular RNAs. Such circRNA‐specific methodologies are allowing the systematic identification of circRNAs and the analysis of their biological functions. Here, we review the resources and molecular methods currently utilized to quantify circRNAs, visualize their distribution, identify interacting partners, and elucidate their function. We discuss the challenges of analyzing circRNAs and propose alternative approaches for studying this unique class of transcripts.This article is characterized under:
RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry
RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in vitro and In Silico
RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells