bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crack Propagation of Rapid Setting Latex-Modified Concrete Pavement Slabs under Vibration
Authors: Jeong Je-Pyong , Kang Dae-Hung , Koh Chulseung 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In recent years, rapid setting latex-modified concrete (RS-LMC), which allows vehicular traffic to flow after only 3 h of being placed, has been widely used as a material for improving bridge decks. As the restrictions for vehicular traffic when conducting repair work on pavements are difficult, bridge deck improvements using RS-LMC are exposed to vibrations during the initial curing stages, and cracks are generated because of the passing vehicles. To identify the characteristics of cracks caused by vibrations during the initial curing stage of RS-LMC, twelve specimens of this material were created and studied. Vibration tests were performed using a pavement shaking table, which simulates the vibration conditions of actual bridges. In this research, the main test variables were the amplitude of vibration and the latex-cement ratio (L/C). Test results revealed that the number and total cracks decreased with an increasing L/C, until 15 % L/C. Further, cracks occurred at a much lower strain rate than that stated by conventional design standards.
Fracture Load Predictions in Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyamide 6 U-Notched Specimens Combining the Equivalent Material Concept and the Theory of Critical Distances
Authors: Cicero S. , Torabi A. R. , Ibáñez-Gutiérrez F. T. , Azizi P. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article provides the prediction of fracture loads in single edge notched bending (SENB) specimens made of short glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (SGFR-PA6) and containing U-notches. The predictions are obtained through the combination of the equivalent material concept and the theory of critical distances (TCD). The latter is based on the material critical distance (L) and has a linear-elastic nature. This implies that in those materials exhibiting non-fully linear-elastic behavior, the determination of the material critical distance requires a calibration process that may be performed by fracture testing on notched specimens or through a combination of fracture testing and finite elements simulation. This represents a significant barrier for the application of the TCD on an industrial level. The proposed methodology defines an equivalent linear-elastic material on which the TCD may be applied through its basic formulation and without any previous calibration of the corresponding critical distance. It is applied to SGFR-PA6 SENB specimens, providing accurate predictions of the experimental fracture loads.
Divergent Prelimbic Cortical Pathways Interact with BDNF to Regulate Cocaine-seeking
Authors: Giannotti Giuseppe , Barry Sarah M. , Siemsen Ben M. , Peters Jamie , McGinty Jacqueline F. 
Published: September 2018

A single BDNF microinfusion into prelimbic (PrL) cortex immediately after the last cocaine self-administration session decreases relapse to cocaine-seeking. The BDNF effect is blocked by NMDAR antagonists. To determine whether synaptic activity in putative excitatory projection neurons in PrL cortex is sufficient for BDNF's effect on relapse, the PrL cortex of male rats was infused with an inhibitory Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) viral vector driven by an αCaMKII promoter. Immediately after the last cocaine self-administration session, rats were injected with clozapine-N-oxide 30 min before an intra-PrL BDNF microinfusion. DREADD-mediated inhibition of the PrL cortex blocked the BDNF-induced decrease in cocaine-seeking after abstinence and cue-induced reinstatement after extinction. Unexpectedly, DREADD inhibition of PrL neurons in PBS-infused rats also reduced cocaine-seeking, suggesting that divergent PrL pathways affect relapse. Next, using a cre-dependent retroviral approach, we tested the ability of DREADD inhibition of PrL projections to the NAc core or the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) to alter cocaine-seeking in BDNF- and PBS-infused rats. Selective inhibition of the PrL-NAc pathway at the end of cocaine self-administration blocked the BDNF-induced decrease in cocaine-seeking but had no effect in PBS-infused rats. In contrast, selective inhibition of the PrL-PVT pathway in PBS-infused rats decreased cocaine-seeking, and this effect was prevented in BDNF-infused rats. Thus, activity in the PrL-NAc pathway is responsible for the therapeutic effect of BDNF on cocaine-seeking whereas inhibition of activity in the PrL-pPVT pathway elicits a similar therapeutic effect in the absence of BDNF.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe major issue in cocaine addiction is the high rate of relapse. However, the neuronal pathways governing relapse remain unclear. Using a pathway-specific chemogenetic approach, we found that BDNF differentially regulates two key prelimbic pathways to guide long-term relapse. Infusion of BDNF in the prelimbic cortex during early withdrawal from cocaine self-administration decreases relapse that is prevented when neurons projecting from the prelimbic cortex to the nucleus accumbens core are inhibited. In contrast, BDNF restores relapse when neurons projecting from the prelimbic cortex to the posterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus are inhibited. This study demonstrates that two divergent cortical outputs mediate relapse that is regulated in opposite directions by infusing BDNF in the prelimbic cortex during early withdrawal from cocaine.
Sleep Strengthens Predictive Sequence Coding
Authors: Lutz Nicolas D. , Wolf Ines , Hübner Stefanie , Born Jan , Rauss Karsten 
Published: September 2018

Predictive-coding theories assume that perception and action are based on internal models derived from previous experience. Such internal models require selection and consolidation to be stored over time. Sleep is known to support memory consolidation. We hypothesized that sleep supports both consolidation and abstraction of an internal task model that is subsequently used to predict upcoming stimuli. Human subjects (of either sex) were trained on deterministic visual sequences and tested with interleaved deviant stimuli after retention intervals of sleep or wakefulness. Adopting a predictive-coding approach, we found increased prediction strength after sleep, as expressed by increased error rates to deviant stimuli, but fewer errors for the immediately following standard stimuli. Sleep likewise enhanced the formation of an abstract sequence model, independent of the temporal context during training. Moreover, sleep increased confidence for sequence knowledge, reflecting enhanced metacognitive access to the model. Our results suggest that sleep supports the formation of internal models which can be used to predict upcoming events in different contexts.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo efficiently interact with the ever-changing world, we predict upcoming events based on similar previous experiences. Sleep is known to benefit memory consolidation. However, it is not clear whether sleep specifically supports the transformation of past experience into predictions of future events. Here, we find that, when human subjects sleep after learning a sequence of predictable visual events, they make better predictions about upcoming events compared with subjects who stayed awake for an equivalent period of time. In addition, sleep supports the transfer of such knowledge between different temporal contexts (i.e., when sequences unfold at different speeds). Thus, sleep supports perception and action by enhancing the predictive utility of previous experiences.
Pemanfaatan Kartu JKN-KIS pada Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUD Ungaran
Authors: Qudsiah Harizatul , Indrawati Fitri 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAK
Angka kunjungan pasien rawat inap di RSUD Ungaran tahun 2014-2016 lebih tinggi dibanding RSUD Ambarawa namun angka presentase pemanfaatan JKN-KIS di RSUD Ungaran lebih rendah dibanding RSUD Ambarawa yaitu sebanyak 39,8% sedangkan RSUD Ambarawa sebanyak 47,14%. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan kartu JKN-KIS pada pasien rawat inap di RSUD Ungaran. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu 75 responden dengan teknik cluster sampling. Data dianalisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan (PR=0,711; 95% CI=0,520-0,972), pengetahuan (PR=2,188; 95% CI=1,252-3,822), sikap (PR=3,923; 95% CI=1,128-13,64), persepsi (PR=2,188; 95% CI=1,252-3,822), promosi (PR=1,492; 95% CI=1,053-2,114), kepuasan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan (PR=0,705; 95% CI=0,543-0,915) berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan kartu JKN-KIS pada pasien rawat inap di RSUD Ungaran. Sedangkan tingkat pendidikan (PR=1,020; 95% CI=0,762-1,366) dan tingkat pendapatan (PR=0,882; 95% CI=0,649-1,197) tidak berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan kartu JKN-KIS pada pasien rawat inap di RSUD Ungaran. Faktor yang paling dominan dengan pemanfaatan kartu JKN-KIS adalah sikap.
Kejadian Obesitas Sentral pada Usia Dewasa
Authors: Puspitasari Nimas 
Published: September 2018

Abstrak
Kota Semarang memiliki prevalensi obesitas sentral sebesar 36,3% pada tahun 2013. Proporsi kejadian obesitas sentral di Kelurahan Plalangan pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 61,7% (pada wanita dewasa). Usia dewasa merupakan faktor risiko dari obesitas sentral, prevalensi obesitas sentral tahun 2013 pada kelompok usia 25-34 tahun (22,9%) dan 35-44 tahun (33,5%). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas sentral pada usia dewasa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional yang melibatkan 102 sampel. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner dan alat ukur. Analisis data mengunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai p value jenis kelamin (p=0,001), tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,159), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,024), jenis pekerjaan (p=0,658), status kawin (p=0,144), riwayat keturunan (p=0,003), aktivitas fisik (p=0,000), status merokok (p=0,409), dan intake kalori (p=0,001). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat keturunan, aktivitas fisik, dan intake kalori dengan kejadian obesitas sentral pada usia dewasa.
Kata kunci : faktor risiko, obesitas sentral, usia dewasa

Abstract
Semarang City has a prevalence of central obesity of 36.3% in 2013. The proportion of central obesity in Kelurahan Plalangan in 2013 is 61.7% (in adult women). Adult age is a risk factor for central obesity, the prevalence of central obesity in 2013 in the 25-34 year age group (22.9%) and 35-44 years (33.5%). The purpose of this study to determine the factors associated with the incidence of central obesity at adult age. The type of this study was observational analytic with cross sectional design involving 102 samples. The research instrument used is questionnaire and measuring instrument. Data analysis using Chi-square test. The results showed that p value of sex (p = 0,001), knowledge level (p = 0,159), education level (p = 0,024), job type (p = 0,658), marital status (p = 0,144) p = 0,003), physical activity (p = 0,000), smoking status (p = 0,409), and caloric intake (p = 0,001). The conclusions of this study are the relationship between sex, education level, hereditary history, physical activity, and caloric intake with central obesity occurrence in adulthood.
Keywords : risk factors, central obesity, adult age
Išankstinio administracinių ginčų nagrinėjimo ne teisme institutas Lietuvoje: idėjiniai ir vertybiniai pagrindai
Authors: Paškevičienė Laura 
Published: September 2018

[only abstract in English; full article, abstract in Lithuanian]
In this article the author analyzes theoretical ideas and legal values serving a background to the regulation of the pre-trial resolution of administrative disputes as an area of law, seeking prerequisites for its integral conception, purpose and position in the Lithuanian legal system. The author is trying to investigate the sufficiency and adequacy of current leading scientific insights on guiding legal values and principles of the pre-trial administrative dispute resolution, due to the problematics of its dualistic (administrative executive and judicial) nature.
Dakwah Nabi Muhammad terhadap Masyarakat Madinah Perspektif Komunikasi Antarbudaya
Authors: Anas Ahmad , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan 
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research is to know strategy and method propagation of Prophet Muhammad to society of Medina through intercultural communication approach. This type of research was used descriptive qualitative research with historical approach. The author conducted data collection by way of library reseach and documentation, then the author uses descriptive analysis method to analyze data about propagation strategy of Prophet Muhammad SAW in Medina through intercultural communication approach. The result of the research shows that the propagation strategy of the Prophet towards the people of Medina is by building mosque, creating new brotherhood relationship between Muhajirin and Ansor people, building cooperation and peace agreement, and forming Medina Charter as conflict resolution. Later, the Prophet’s propagation of the Medina community through the approach of intercultural communication in spreading the religion of Islam through personal, education, discussion, offer, mission and correspondence methods have been able to realize Islam rahmatan lil’alamin. The proof of the Prophet’s da’wah success is that almost the entire population of Medina is Muslim. This is a clear proof of the Islam truth and the empirical reality of the effectiveness of Prophet’s propagation using intercultural communication. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui strategi dan metode dakwah Nabi Muhammad terhadap masyarakat Madinah melalui pendekatan komunikasi antarbudaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan historis. Penulis melakukan pengumpulan data dengan cara riset kepustakaan dan dokumentasi, kemudian penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis untuk menganalisis data tentang strategi dakwah Nabi Muhammad SAW di Madinah melalui pendekatan komunikasi antarbudaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi dakwah Nabi terhadap masyarakat Madinah adalah dengan cara membangun Masjid, menciptakan hubungan persaudaraan baru atara orang Muhajirin dan Ansor, membangun kesepakatan kerjasama dan perdamaian, dan membentuk Piagam Madinah sebagai resolusi konflik. Kemudian, dakwah Nabi terhadap masyarakat Madinah melalui pendekatan komunikasi antarbudaya dalam menyebarkan agama Islam melalui metode personal, pendidikan, diskusi, penawaran, misi dan korespondensi telah mampu mewujudkan Islam yang rahmatan lil’alamin. Bukti dari keberhasilan dakwah Nabi ialah hampir keseluruhan dari penduduk Madinah beragama Islam. Ini sebagai bukti nyata tentang kebenaran agama Islam dan realitas empiris akan efektifitas dakwah Rasulullah menggunakan komunikasi antarbudaya.
Application of science and technology by the South African food and beverage industry
Authors: Ronquest-Ross Lisa-Claire , Vink Nick , Sigge Gunnar O. 
Published: September 2018

Significant shifts in the type of foods consumed by South Africans have taken place since 1994 and packaged food and beverage innovation has accelerated since then. Globally, advances in science and technology have benefitted food processing and food manufacturing technologies and systems. Significant capital investments have been made by the South African food and beverage manufacturing industry (SAFBMI). It is, however, not clear which technology areas have received investments and for what purposes. The objective of this study was thus to understand how the SAFBMI has invested in and applied science and technology since 1994. Data were sourced from food and beverage trade magazines, dating from 1986 to 2012. Trends over the past 30 years were analysed to determine the application of science and technology. The findings suggest that the dairy, soft drinks and bakery sectors have been most active. The main advances were to upgrade manufacturing facilities and build new plants to increase capacity, deliver new products and improve efficiencies and product quality and safety. Investments to improve thermal processing and packaging were also noted. We found evidence of the application of commercially available new preservation technologies and a low level of experimentation with non-commercial novel technologies by the SAFBMI. South Africa appears to be keeping pace with advances in food manufacturing in automation, process control and quality and food safety practices, material handling, and centralised distribution centres with warehouse management systems. Continued investment in food science and technology research will ensure that the growing consumer demand for packaged foods and beverages is met.
Significance:

Although South Africa is keeping pace with science and technology advances in its food and beverage manufacturing operations, the need to continue to conduct and apply science and technology research, especially in novel processing, is highlighted.
Os processos de negócio, a gestão de documentos e os fluxos documentais
Authors: Teixeira Livia Marangon Duffles , Aganette Elisângela Cristina 
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo propõe uma discussão entre as temáticas processos de negócios, gestão de documentos e fluxo documental. O objetivo do diálogo está baseado na necessidade de i) esclarecer a relação entre o processo de negócios, o gerenciamento de documentos e o fluxo documental, e ii) explicar a relevância de considerar os documentos como portadores de conteúdo dinâmico, envolvendo seu próprio fluxo de aprovação e ciclo de vida muitas vezes não completamente ligados ao processo em que os mesmos documentos participam. Para tal, será elaborado um bem fundamentado arcabouço teórico que subsidiará a análise comparativa prática de dois modelos de processos de negócio, onde apenas um deles é contemplado pelos estudos documentais do processo. A construção teórica será capaz de alinhar diferentes áreas do conhecimento à Ciência da Informação, além de enriquecer a sua produção em relação à gestão de informação em relatos de casos. De forma prática, será capaz de demonstrar o impacto da ausência de estudos documentais em projetos de modelagem de processos e contribuir para a prática do profissional da informação.
A avaliação “é a bola girando na roda”: reflexões sobre práticas avaliativas na universidade
Authors: Silva Fabrício Oliveira da , Ribeiro Marinalva Lopes , Almeida Lucile Ruth de Menezes 
Published: September 2018

O trabalho analisa como a pesquisa ação-colaborativa se constitui em um espaço de diálogo e reflexão sobre práticas educativas e avaliativas na universidade. Trata-se de uma dinâmica de pesquisa desenvolvida com docentes de diversas áreas de uma universidade pública do estado da Bahia, que regularmente discutem suas práticas pedagógicas nos contextos de ensino em que atuam. Para este artigo, analisamos as reflexões que faz uma professora do Departamento de Exatas da universidade, com o objetivo de compreender como a docente se insere num movimento autoavaliativo por meio do qual revela e (re)significa suas práticas educativas e avaliativas no contexto do ensino de química. Como dispositivo metodológico, utilizamos narrativas da docente produzidas em forma de relatos orais durante um encontro do grupo de pesquisa. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam que, inicialmente, a docente concebe a avaliação da aprendizagem como um processo voltado para aferição, cuja preocupação é com a existência de uma nota como reflexo da aprendizagem. A partilha, a troca de experiências e a autoavaliação sobre as práticas na docência universitária promovem reflexões que reverberam outros modos de compreensão e de desenvolvimento do fazer docente na universidade.
Culture of Bone Biopsy Specimens Overestimates Rate of Residual Osteomyelitis After Toe or Forefoot Amputation
Authors: Mijuskovic B. , Kuehl R. , Widmer A.F. , Jundt G. , Frei R. , Gürke L. , Wolff T. 
Published: September 2018

Background:Guidelines recommend both histological analysis and culture for definite diagnosis of osteomyelitis. It is not clear if histological and culture criteria can be used interchangeably in the clinical scenario of toe amputation. We therefore prospectively compared the results of intraoperative culture and those of histological examination in this setting.Methods:Consecutive patients requiring toe or forefoot amputation at the University Hospital Basel during a 2-year period were included in the study. Biopsy specimens from the residual bone were cultured according to microbiological standards. Histological analysis was performed using standardized criteria for osteomyelitis. Clinical outcomes were assessed retrospectively via chart review.Results:Of 51 patients included in the study, 33 (65%) had a positive culture of residual bone and 14 (27%) showed histological signs of osteomyelitis. A negative histological result but a positive culture was found for 21 (41%) of the patients, suggesting that culture has a high false-positive rate if histological analysis is used as the reference to rule out osteomyelitis. The recommended criteria of both positive histological findings and positive culture were fulfilled by 12 (24%) of the 51 patients.Conclusions:Positive cultures of residual bone after forefoot or toe amputation overestimate the true rate of osteomyelitis as defined by histological analysis, presumably because of contamination from soft tissue at the time of surgery. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the indications for, and the duration of, antibiotic treatment according to these findings.Clinical Relevance:Our results cast doubt on the strategy of relying solely on culture of bone biopsy specimens when deciding whether antibiotic treatment for osteomyelitis is necessary after toe or forefoot amputation.
Quantitative Evaluation of Hip Impingement Utilizing Computed Tomography Measurements
Authors: Kalia Vivek , Fader Ryan F. , Mintz Douglas N. , Bogner Eric A. , Buly Robert L. , Carrino John A. , Kelly Bryan T. 
Published: September 2018

* Computed tomography (CT) offers tremendous advantages in the evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), as it allows precise measurements of osseous landmarks and relationships preoperatively and postoperatively.* Important femoral measurements to make on CT include the alpha angle, modified beta angle, femoral version, femoral head-neck offset, and femoral neck-shaft angle.* Key acetabular measurements to make on CT include the coronal and sagittal center-edge angles, the Tönnis angle, and the acetabular version.* Three main settings in which CT imaging is utilized for the evaluation of FAI are preoperative surgical planning using 3-dimensional modeling, the assessment of persistent hip pain after hip arthroscopy or a definitive surgical procedure, and the evaluation of patients requiring revision surgery.* Extra-articular hip impingement syndromes, including ischiofemoral impingement, subspine impingement, and trochanteric-pelvic impingement, are increasingly recognized as important causes of atypical hip pain, often with delayed diagnosis due to nonspecific presentation and inadequate clinical and imaging workup.