bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les sciences sociales et l’éthique en recherche en contexte canadien
Authors: Larouche Jean-Marc 
Published: June 2019

Lorsqu’il est question d’éthique en recherche, nous pouvons distinguer deux approches : l’une ancrée dans les politiques, régulations et dispositifs qui ont été élaborés, institutionnalisés et mis en œuvre pour baliser éthiquement les activités en recherche ; l’autre ancrée dans une démarche réflexive sur l’éthique en jeu et les enjeux éthiques à toutes les étapes d’une recherche, ce que nous désignons par éthique réflexive. Ces deux approches évoquent une tension entre régulation imposée et réflexivité. En effet, pour de nombreux chercheurs en sciences sociales, la régulation éthique de la recherche s’est littéralement transformée en une éthicocratie dont l’effet le plus paradoxal est de réduire l’éthique en recherche à ce pôle, une régulation imposée, et de négliger l’autre pôle, la réflexivité, celui où les chercheurs peuvent engager, au cœur de leur pratique de recherche, une réflexion éthique sur celle-ci. Nous allons examiner comment se déploie cette tension au sein des deux principaux domaines que recouvre l’éthique en recherche : 1) celui de l’intégrité ou de la conduite responsable en recherche ; 2) celui qui concerne le rapport des chercheurs aux sujets participant à la recherche. Dans ce dernier cas, nous le ferons principalement à partir du contexte canadien où, depuis près de vingt ans, les chercheurs en sciences sociales doivent composer avec les réquisits des comités d’éthique de la recherche.
Un transhumanisme « à mains nues »
Authors: Dalgalarrondo Sébastien , Fournier Tristan 
Published: June 2019

Cet article vise à analyser le développement récent du marché français du jeûne de « bien-être » à partir des promesses qu’il porte et des idéologies dans lesquelles il s’enracine. Le matériau collecté associe une analyse de contenu réalisée sur les sites internet promouvant les stages de jeûne, des entretiens réalisés avec les responsables des réseaux de commercialisation et une analyse documentaire approfondie (littérature grise et scientifique). Après avoir reconstruit la trajectoire socio-historique de cette promesse, caractérisé l’offre sur internet puis décrit la rhétorique mobilisée par les promoteurs, les auteurs identifient un assemblage argumentatif mêlant discours alternatif et discours scientiste, et se déclinant selon trois axes – l’ascétisme, le politique et l’exploration de soi. Cet assemblage original permet d’appréhender la pratique contemporaine du jeûne comme une technique d’optimisation de soi, où l’on fait du plus avec du moins : un transhumanisme « à mains nues ».
Pouvoir(s) de l’art ?
Authors: Martin-Mattera Patrick 
Published: June 2019

Cet article développe dans une perspective psychanalytique, aux deux plans de la clinique et du social, les modalités du pouvoir de l’art – imaginaire, symbolique, réel – en tant que celui-ci s’articule à la création. Le pouvoir de l’art – si pouvoir il y a – procède en tout cas de son « défaut », à savoir de la castration et du renoncement.
Du pouvoir royal au pouvoir colonisateur : la « civilisation » de l’art à Madagascar
Authors: Carton Solange 
Published: June 2019

À partir du discours issu de deux époques du pouvoir colonisateur, un an après l’annexion de Madagascar et trente ans plus tard, l’article s’attache à dégager la façon dont fut tenu le clivage entre le « sauvage » et le civilisé, déterminant la négation d’un art malgache. Mais l’étroite dépendance de l’art et de la culture du pouvoir est nouvelle forme de l’articulation entre l’organisation hiérarchique de la société malgache qui avait précédé et de ses expressions artistiques, notamment dans l’art funéraire. Jusqu’à nos jours, un certain regard sur l’art reste pris dans le leurre temporel de l’évolution civilisatrice, contre-investissant l’ inactualité du « primitif », de ses forces pulsionnelles hostiles et sexuelles infantiles.
Detecting layer height of smoke aerosols over vegetated land and water surfaces via oxygen absorption bands: hourly results from EPIC/DSCOVR in deep space
Authors: Xu Xiaoguang , Wang Jun , Wang Yi , Zeng Jing , Torres Omar , Reid Jeffrey S. , Miller Steven D. , Martins J. Vanderlei , Remer Lorraine A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. We present an algorithm for retrieving aerosol layer height (ALH)
and aerosol optical depth (AOD) for smoke over vegetated land and water
surfaces from measurements of the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC)
onboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR). The algorithm uses
Earth-reflected radiances in six EPIC bands in the visible and near-infrared
and incorporates flexible spectral fitting that accounts for the specifics of
land and water surface reflectivity. The fitting procedure first determines
AOD using EPIC atmospheric window bands (443, 551, 680, and 780 nm),
then uses oxygen (O2) A and B bands (688 and 764 nm) to derive ALH,
which represents an optical centroid altitude. ALH retrieval over vegetated
surface primarily takes advantage of measurements in the O2 B band. We
applied the algorithm to EPIC observations of several biomass burning events
over the United States and Canada in August 2017. We found that the
algorithm can be used to obtain AOD and ALH multiple times daily over water
and vegetated land surface. Validation is performed against aerosol
extinction profiles detected by the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization (CALIOP) and against AOD observed at nine Aerosol Robotic
Network (AERONET) sites, showing, on average, an error of 0.58 km and a bias
of −0.13 km in retrieved ALH and an error of 0.05 and a bias of 0.03 in
retrieved AOD. Additionally, we show that the aerosol height information
retrieved by the present algorithm can potentially benefit the retrieval of
aerosol properties from EPIC's ultraviolet (UV) bands.
Variations in Revenue Generation for the Care of Orthopaedic Trauma Patients
Authors: Rascoe Alexander S. , Flanagan Christopher D. , Kim Chang-Yeon , Vallier Heather A. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
In the background of increasing competition between trauma centers, this study investigated the relative reimbursement of trauma care provided in an urban trauma setting, comparing patients previously unknown (new) to the system, representing potential sources of new revenue, and those who were known (established), having received medical care previously in the same system.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 440 patients with high-energy fractures at a single level 1 trauma center was conducted. Payment to charge (P/C) ratios for professional and facilities services within 6 months of injury were calculated.

Results:
Mean professional charges per patient were $35,522 and $30,639 (P = 0.11), between new and established patients, respectively, whereas mean professional payments were statistically different, $7,894 and $4,365 (P < 0.001). Mean differences in P/C for facilities payments for new and established patients were not statistically significant, but professional P/C was higher in new patients (P < 0.001), consistent with better insured patients.

Discussion:
Insurance companies reimburse for professional or facilities services with statistically different P/C ratios. Treating new patients at our institution likely benefits our institution by offering exposure to a more favorable payer mix and more complex patients.

Level of Evidence:
Retrospective level III
Performance Analysis of Energy Storage in Smart Microgrid Based on Historical Data of Individual Battery Temperature and Voltage Changes
Authors: Haq Irsyad Nashirul , Kurniadi Deddy , Leksono Edi , Yuliarto Brian , Soelami F.X. Nugroho 
Published: June 2019

In this work, a historical data based battery management system (BMS) was successfully developed and implemented using an embedded system for condition monitoring of a battery energy storage system in a smart microgrid. The performance was assessed for 28 days of operating time with a one-minute sampling time. The historical data showed that the maximum temperature increment and the maximum temperature difference between the batteries were 4.5 °C and 2.8 °C. One of the batteries had a high voltage rate of change, i.e. above 3.0 V/min, and its temperature rate of change was very sensitive, even at low voltage rate of changes. This phenomenon tends to indicate problems that may deplete the battery energy storage system's total capacity. The primary findings of this study are that the voltage and temperature rates of change of individual batteries in real operating conditions can be used to diagnose and foresee imminent failure, and in the event of a failure occurring the root cause of the problem can be found by using the historical data based BMS. To ensure further safety and reliability of acceptable practical operating conditions, rate of change limits are proposed based on battery characteristics for temperatures below 0.5 °C/min and voltages below 3.0 V/min.
Antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition and phytochemical profiling of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaf extracts
Authors: William James , John Peter , Mumtaz Muhammad Waseem , Ch Ayoub Rashid , Adnan Ahmad , Mukhtar Hamid , Sharif Shahzad , Raza Syed Ali , Akhtar Muhammad Tayyab 
Published: June 2019

Background
Diabetes mellitus type II (DMT-2) is a widely spread metabolic disorder both in developed and developing countries. The role of oxidative stress is well established in DMT-2 pathogenesis. The synthetic drugs for DMT-2 are associated with serious side complications. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory actions of phytochemicals from various plant species are considered as an alternative to synthetic drugs for DMT-2 management. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and phytochemical profiling of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis.

Methods
The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant activity (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and phosphomolybdenum method) and α-glucosidase inhibition of ultrasonicated hydroethanolic H. lagenicaulis leaf extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. The results of DPPH assay and α-glucosidase inhibition were reported in terms of IC50 value. The phytochemical profiling was accomplished by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS/MS technique.

Results and Discussion
Findings leaped 60% ethanolic extract as rich fraction regarding total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The 60% ethanolic fraction was a promising source of natural antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitory agents as indicated by anti-radical and enzyme inibitory activities. Kaempferol, rutin, hesperetin 5-O-glucoside, kaempferol-coumaroyl-glucoside, luteolin 3-glucoside, Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, trimethoxyflavone derivatives and citric acid were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. These compounds were believed to be responsible for the strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of plant extracts. The extensive metabolite profiling of H. lagenicaulis was carried out the first time as never reported previously. The H. lagenicaulis might be an appropriate choice to manage diabetes mellitus in an alternate way. The findings may be further exploited extensively for toxicity evaluation to proceed with functional food development having antidiabetic attributes.
Vermicomposting of Banana Pseudostem and Maize Fodder (Waste) Using Eudrilus eugeniae
Authors: Parmar H. C. , Mor Vinod B. , Patel Sunil R. 
Published: June 2019

The experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Station, College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Jabugam during three consecutive seasons of the years 2015-16 and 2016-17. This was to evaluate banana Pseudostem and maize fodder waste with and without cow dung and Anubhav biodegradable bacterial consortium (ABBC) for it bi-product in terms of vermi-composting, time required for degradation and the nutritive quality of vermicompost. The experiment consisted of eight treatments and conducted in RBD with three replications. Results shows that, the treatment Banana pseudostem + 5% Cow dung + Anubhav biodegradable bacterial consortium and the treatment Maize fodder waste + 5% Cow dung + Anubhav biodegradable bacterial consortium were significantly higher for N, P, K content during all the three seasons and in pooled analysis with less number of days to harvest and high recovery. While, microbial count were recorded maximum in banana Pseudostem based vermicompost than maize fodder waste. Overall, vermicompost produced from the banana Pseudostem and maize fodder waste by using ABBC @ 1 lit/t and 5 % cow dung provided the major nutrients in more balanced proportion. The main perspectives of this study is to decrease the environmental pollution by making vermicompost from banana pseudostem waste or maize fodder (waste) instead of dumping on road side or burning or left in the field and also reduce the use of chemicals by using vermicompost.
Comparative Analysis of Determination Methods of Glyphosate Degradation by Trichoderma asperellum Strain JK-28: A Multivariate Statistical Approach
Authors: Asitok Atim , Ekpenyong Maurice 
Published: June 2019

Aims: This study aimed at demonstrating the ability of a mold species, isolated from a rice farm agricultural soil, chronically treated with glyphosate herbicide, to degrade glyphosate and to compare different evaluation methods of biodegradation.
Study Design: A completely randomized design of a factorial experiment was used.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Nigeria between February and April.
Methodology: Molds were isolated from nine rice agricultural soil samples using potato dextrose agar. The molds were screened for glyphosate degradation using different media to determine their requirement for supplementation or not at all. A completely randomized design of a factorial experiment involving 3 factors at 3 levels each, with three replications, was adopted for glyphosate degradation studies. Degradation was monitored by dehydrogenase activity, carbon dioxide evolution, pH changes, fungal dry weight and residual glyphosate determination. A comparative evaluation of the different methods was made using multivariate statistics.
Results: The mold, identified as Trichoderma asperellum strain JK-28, was incapable of using glyphosate as sole sources of phosphorus and nitrogen and so required nutrient supplementation. Largest significant correlation between dependent variables (P < .001; r = - 779) occurred between dehydrogenase activity and fungal dry weight while the lowest was between residual glyphosate and fungal dry weight. Residual glyphosate and pH had negative correlations with other dependent variables. Principal component analysis extracted only one component with a cumulative variance of 70%. Multivariate analysis of variance (three-way MANOVA) of data, interpreted from the Pillai’s Trace test, was significant at P <.001 for the main, two- and three-way interactions.
Conclusion: Trichoderma asperellum strain JK-28 could degrade glyphosate using it as sole carbon source but with nutrient supplementation. Residual glyphosate determination is recommended as most reliable method for evaluating organic pollutant biodegradation.
Investigating the Work Environment Conditions and Its Effect on the Moral Sensitivity of Nurses Working in Health-Education Centers of Rasht
Authors: Shoeibi Samaneh Usef , Bezayeh Fariba Asgari , Sabet Mitra Sedghi , Khanghah Atefeh Ghanbari , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The scope of nursing care is abundant in cases requiring moral decisions, and awareness of the underlying reasons for choosing a decision is an inseparable part of the daily work of nurses. On the other hand, work environment is also an important part of the organization environment which can affects both employees and their productivity.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between moral sensitivity and work environment conditions on nurses working in health-education centers of city of Rasht.
Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 354 nurses were selected and investigated through stratified random sampling from seven health-education centers from Rasht in 2015. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of three sections; the first section included personal-social information, the second part included the lutzen's sensitivity questionnaire, and the third part included the severinsen work environment questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and descriptive statistics such as linear regression, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of this study showed that nurses, in terms of moral sensitivity, were in a moderate position and their point views on the work environment conditions were in an inappropriate situation. Also, the work environment conditions including communication with the boss and colleagues, stress and work engagement had the highest relationship with moral sensitivity.
Conclusion: Considering that most of the individuals had an unfavorable work environment conditions were had a moderate moral sensitivity, more attention of managers to the relevant factors is necessary.
Multi‐target detection and grasping control for humanoid robot NAO
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Huayan , Yang Hanting , Bian Gui‐Bin , Wu Wanqing 
Published: June 2019

SummaryGraspirng objects is an important capability for humanoid robots. Due to complexity of environmental and diversity of objects, it is difficult for the robot to accurately recognize and grasp multiple objects. In response to this problem, we propose a robotic grasping method that uses the deep learning method You Only Look Once v3 for multi‐target detection and the auxiliary signs to obtain target location. The method can control the movement of the robot and plan the grasping trajectory based on visual feedback information. It is verified by experiments that this method can make the humanoid robot NAO grasp the object effectively, and the success rate of grasping can reach 80% in the experimental environment.
Spokes for Our Folks: Public Health Bike Tour
Authors: Rose Christian , Chang Brian , Brown John 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNearly half of medical care in the United States is managed through the emergency department, a large portion of which could be managed by “lateral” health services provided by public health facilities like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prophylaxis, alcohol and drug treatment programs, emergency psychiatric resources, and medical respite or rehabilitation centers. These options may be underutilized due to lack of knowledge of their services and demographics by patients and health care workers alike. We aimed to educate all levels of emergency medicine trainees and staff to citywide services via bike tour. Participants reported an improved understanding of health services as well as a sense of “camaraderie” toward lateral health services and other providers on the rides.
Examining sex differences in pleiotropic effects for depression and smoking using polygenic and gene‐region aggregation techniques
Authors: Schmitz Lauren L. , Gard Arianna M. , Ware Erin B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSex differences in rates of depression are thought to contribute to sex differences in smoking initiation (SI) and number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). One hypothesis is that women smoke as a strategy to cope with anxiety and depression, and have difficulty quitting because of concomitant changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis function during nicotine withdrawal states. Despite evidence of biological ties, research has not examined whether genetic factors that contribute to depression‐smoking comorbidity differ by sex. We utilized two statistical aggregation techniques—polygenic scores (PGSs) and sequence kernel association testing—to assess the degree of pleiotropy between these behaviors and moderation by sex in the Health and Retirement Study (N = 8,086). At the genome‐wide level, we observed associations between PGSs for depressive symptoms and SI, and measured SI and depressive symptoms (all p < .01). At the gene level, we found evidence of pleiotropy in FKBP5 for SI (p = .028), and sex‐specific pleiotropy in females in NR3C2 (p = .030) and CHRNA5 (p = .025) for SI and CPD, respectively. Results suggest bidirectional associations between depression and smoking may be partially accounted for by shared genetic factors, and genetic variation in genes related to HPA‐axis functioning and nicotine dependence may contribute to sex differences in SI and CPD.
Agricultural proteins as multifunctional additives in ZnO‐free synthetic isoprene rubber vulcanizates
Authors: DeButts Barbara L. , Chauhan Natasha , Barone Justin R. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTCorn zein and wheat gliadin protein are compounded into synthetic cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene rubber (IR) and sulfur‐cured in a zinc oxide (ZnO)‐free system. The curing kinetics and mechanical and morphological properties are compared to a ZnO‐activated or carbon black (CB)‐reinforced cure system. The proteins provide reversion resistance and reinforcement to IR at filler loadings as low as 1 part per hundred rubber (phr). The zein‐IR composites exhibit higher moduli, better filler–matrix adhesion, and less filler agglomeration/migration than gliadin‐IR because zein is more chemically compatible with IR. The gliadin‐IR composites have a lower percent set and hysteresis, indicating the formation of an elastic restoring gliadin network. Optimal properties are achieved at 2‐phr gliadin and 4‐phr zein. At gliadin loading >2 phr and zein loading >4 phr, the protein domain size increases and mechanical properties deteriorate. At equal filler loading, property improvements over CB‐IR are observed for one or both proteins. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48141.
Reachability and controllability analysis of probabilistic finite automata via a novel matrix method
Authors: Zhang Zhipeng , Chen Zengqiang , Liu Zhongxin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProbabilistic finite automata (PFAs) can exhibit a stochastic behavior, and its reachability and controllability is viewed as the first necessary step of supervisory control and stabilization. In this paper, the problems of reachability and controllability of PFAs are investigated under the framework of semi‐tensor product (STP) of matrices. First, a matrix‐based modeling approach to PFAs is proposed, and the dynamics of PFAs can be described as a discrete‐time bilinear expression. Meanwhile, the notions of reachability with a probability of one is formally defined, and F‐reachability with a probability of one is introduced. With the algebraic expression, necessary and sufficient conditions of such reachability are provided systematically. Second, F‐set controllability with a probability of one of PFAs is developed by introducing the F‐reachability with a probability of one, and the associated algebraic condition to verify such controllability are given. Finally, a simple example is illustrated to validate the proposed results.