bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Fixation of Scaphoid Fractures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussein Mohamed Hussein Mohamed , Hewaidy Ayman Ibrahim Fathy , Nabil Yasin Amr Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
percutaneous fixation of acute non-displaced or minimally displaced scaphoid fractures, especially in young active individuals in whom prolonged immobilization can be a significant burden, provides excellent results regarding functional outcome, earlier gain of motion of the wrist, earlier time to union, quicker return to activity of daily living, and a lower complication rate.

Aim of the Work
to assess the outcomes of acute, un-displaced scaphoid fractures managed with percutaneous or mini-open screw fixation in terms of time to return to work (RTW), time to union, morbidity, and functional evaluation of the outcome.

Materials and Methods
This is a systematic review done in percutaneous fixation of scaphoid fractures.

Results
One hundred and nine patients were included in this study who undergone percutaneous fixation of scaphoid fracture. The range of age was between 16-55 years old. There was male predominance with 79% compared to females. 60% of included patients was RT handed dominant. Regarding complications 15.6% of cases (total of 17 patients) were complicated. Complications were like screw protrusion, sympathetic dystrophy, non-union, wire breakage during fixation, breakage of screw driver, and superficial wound infection. The position of screws was central in most cases except four patients which had eccentric screw position but with good outcome in 3 of them. Regarding time to union, the average time to union was 5-18 weeks as proven by PXR and CT. Regarding return to work, the average recorded time to return to work was 2-12 weeks. Regarding range of motion 84.4% regained full range of motion as compared to the healthy side. Regarding pain assessment only 50% of patients were included in pain assessment, 51 patients had little or no pain at final follow-up. Regarding grip strength, 91 patients had the same grip strength compared to healthy side at final follow-up. The functional end result acc. to Mayo modified wrist score, 57 patients had excellent outcome. Four patients had good outcome. One patient had fair outcome. One patient had poor outcome. There were a number of different immobilization techniques and regimes used in the included studies. A clear benefit of surgical stabilization is that it reduces the requirement for post-operative immobilization, facilitating an accelerated return to work and sporting activities.

Conclusion
Percutaneous fixation of acute non-displaced or minimally displaced scaphoid fractures, especially in young active individuals in whom prolonged immobilization can be a significant burden, provides excellent results regarding functional outcome, earlier gain of motion of the wrist, earlier time to union, quicker return to activity of daily living, and a lower complication rate.
Immunohistochemical Expression of SATB2 and PAX8 in Differentiating Primary from Metastatic Ovarian Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Mostafa El Ghondakly Rana Ahmed , Haddad Salwa Ibrahim El , Salam Magda Mohamed Abdel , Nada Ola Hassan , Farid Rola Mohamed , Salah Eldin Farid Laila Magid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Accurate stratification of an ovarian mucinous neoplasm as primary or secondary is always challenging. The ovary is a frequent metastatic site for primary gastrointestinal malignancies that shows overlapping histomorphological and immunohistochemical features with primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas. This study assessed the value of immunohistochemical expression of SATB2 and PAX8 in this diagnostic dilemma as single and combined panels.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining for SATB2 and PAX8 was performed on 80 cases of mucinous ovarian neoplasms subdivided into 53 primary ovarian mucinous neoplasms (POMNs) and 27 secondary ovarian mucinous tumors of gastrointestinal (GI) origin (12 metastatic adenocarcinomas of colonic origin, 7 metastatic adenocarcinomas of appendiceal origin and 8 metastatic adenocarcinomas of gastric origin). Expression was correlated with different clinicopathologic parameters.

Results
PAX8 positive immunostaining was detected in 38/53 cases (71.69%) of POMNs with null positivity in the sub-group of secondary ovarian mucinous tumors of GI origin (0/27). On the other hand, SATB2 positive immunohistochemical staining was detected in 16/27 cases (59.26%) of the secondary ovarian mucinous tumors of GI origin. None of the studied POMNs showed any positive immunostaining for SATB2 (0/53).

Conclusion
A Profile of SATB2- /PAX8+ and SATB2+ / PAX8- can be used to differentiate POMCs from secondary ovarian mucinous tumors of GI origin, respectively, with a 100% specificity. This warrants the use of SATB2 and PAX8 in clinical practice for helping in the dilemma of diagnosing an ovarian mucinous neoplasm with higher precision. Moreover, PAX8 expression is associated with some clinico-pathologic parameters providing the basis for further studies for the possible usage of PAX8 as prognostic marker.
Effect of Vitamin A Supplement on Serotonin Level and Severity of Autistic symptoms in Autistic Children
Authors: Elhossiny Reham M , Nawar Hadear K , Abdelhamid Dalia H , AbdelAziz Asmaa W , Abdel Raouf Batoul M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, becoming the most common condition among mental disabilities due to its recent increase in incidence. The serotonin system depends on vitamin A, which plays a crucial role in the nervous system. As a result, children's neurodevelopment and the emergence of ASD can be significantly impacted by vitamin A deficiency (VAD)

The Aim
We aimed in this study to evaluate vitamin A, and serotonin levels in a group of Egyptian ASD patients under the age of 8 years before and after vitamin A supplementation. In addition, we aimed to evaluate their association with ASD symptoms.

Material and Methods
The first part of this two-stage study is a controlled cross-sectional analysis, and the second stage is an interventional analysis that includes a clinical trial and an open-label design. Children Between the ages of 1 year and 8 years, with ASD diagnosis according to (DSM-V) criteria were included, as well as healthy controls.

Results
We included 30 ASD children and 30 normal children in the control group with a mean age and SD of 5.33±1.7 years. We observed that 33.3% of ASD patients had a family history of similar cases. According to Childhood Autism Rating Scale of the patients at baseline, 73.3% had mild to moderate ASD symptoms, while 26.7% had severe symptoms. Moreover, we observed a statistical decrease of Vitamin A level in the study group compared to the control group with a mean of 133.85 mmol/L, and 207.43 mmol/L, respectively. ASD patients with low vitamin A level had a mean and SD of 51.27±25 mmol/L. This was increased significantly after vitamin A supplementation to be 81.18±21.652 mmol/L with P Value = 0.04. Furthermore, serotonin level before supplementation in ASD patients was with a mean value of 590.59±163.32 ng/ml. This level was decreased Significantly after vitamin A supplementation to be with a mean value of 496.5±192.12 ng/ml with P Value = 0.015. subsequently, Autism Treatment Evaluation Chicklist (ATEC), which is used to assess the effect of the intervention on patients ASD symptoms, was decreased significantly with P Value of 0.001. The mean and SD of ATEC was 77.77±22.236 before vitamin A supplementation, while after Vitamin A supplementation was with a Mean and SD of 72.38±19.104. Furthermore, we found no statistically significant correlation between vitamin A and serotonin levels with different patients’ demographics, or anthropometric measures.

Conclusion and Implications
ASD children exhibited lower levels of vitamin A than normal children, even though vitamin A deficiency is common in Egypt. Children with ASD who had low serum vitamin A levels received vitamin A supplements, which not only helped lower the children's serotonin levels but also markedly reduced their autistic symptoms.
Pregnancy Outcome of SARS-Cov-2 Infection on Newborns and Infants – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elsayed Solaf Mohamed , Gaafary Maha Mohamed El , Elhossiny Reham Mohammed , Abdel-Sattar Sara Adel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of coronavirus disease (COVID -19) on maternal and newborn health is unclear so there is a great need to understand the effects of maternal COVID-19 infection on birth outcomes.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to provide evidence using a systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact COVID-19 during pregnancy on neonates and infants.

Patients and Methods
The study included published case-control studies, case report studies, and retrospective case follow-up evaluating the COVID-19 infection in pregnancy and its effect on newborns and infants. A total of 429 studies were evaluated and only 61 met the eligibility criteria for data extraction and data analysis. Of these, 30 studies were used in meta-analysis and underwent quality assessment and bias evaluation.

Results
Fourteen studies were included detecting preterm labor event among cases with and without COVID-19 and showed significantly higher preterm labour among pregnant women with COVID-19 than without with p-value at &lt; 0.0001. Eleven studies were included detecting NICU admission event among cases with and without COVID-19 which showed significantly higher NICU admission among pregnant women with COVID-19 than without with p-value at &lt; 0.0001 while 4 studies were included detecting stillbirth admission event among cases with and without COVID-19 which showed insignificant differences of still births between the two groups with p-value at 0.6786, and 8 studies were included detecting Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)\ low birth weight admission event among cases with and without COVID-19 that showed insignificant differences of IUGR/ low birth weight between the two groups at p-value 0.1822.

Conclusion
COVID-19 infection in pregnant women has an impact on several neonatal outcomes, such as, preterm delivery, oxygen therapy, intubation, and NICU admission, but it does not significantly affect low birth weight, neonatal mortality, IUFD and stillbirth.
Predictive Factors for Hepatic Decompensation after Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Katry Abanoub Samuel Asaad , Abdelhamid Hetta Osama Mohamed , Ashraf Okba Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and has a poor prognosis unless treated. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of HCC lesions is a promising treatment option for patients who are not eligible for surgery. There are various risk factors that can contribute to the development of hepatic decompensation such as liver function status, HCC morphology and patient’s comorbidities.

Aim of the Work
to analyse the different predictive parameters for hepatic decompensation after transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients and Methods
Our study included 50 patients who underwent TACE for HCC, mostly males (72%) with HCV being the most common cause (86%) of HCC in our sample.

Results
The results showed that 44% of patients developed hepatic decompensation after TACE. Comparison was done between the compensated and decompensated patients as regards different epidemiologic, laboratory and tumor morphology variables. Regarding the pre-TACE laboratory data, the decompensated group had significantly lower levels of albumin and higher levels of bilirubin, ALT, AST and INR. There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of AFP and creatinine between the two groups. Regarding the tumor characteristics in our study groups, the size and number of nodules were significantly higher in the decompensated group. However, the location and the distribution of the tumor between the two groups were not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum bilirubin level (p = 0.007 at 95% CI), MELD score (p value=0.011 at 95% CI) and ALBI score (p = 0.021 at 95% CI) were the statistically significant independent factors predictive of decompensation after TACE.

Conclusion
There is significant hepatic decompensation after TACE for patients with HCC. Serum bilirubin level with the ALBI and MELD scores were the independent predictors of decompensation after TACE. Patients should be cautiously selected for TACE and prioritized in post-operative management to early identify the signs of hepatic decompensation. This would allow prioritized treatment and improve the chances of survival.
Role of Trans perineal Ultrasound in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ouf Merihan Ali Mostafa , Abd El Khalek Yasser Ibrahim , Abdulhafiz Essam Mohamed , Elessawy Hagar Ahmed Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a medical terminology for a group of diseases that cause chronic intestinal inflammation. It is categorized into two subtypes: Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Fistulae are frequently seen manifestations of perianal IBD, and their clinical course these consists of flare-ups with bouts of active drainage, followed by intervals of clinical remission. Improved prognosis, treatment, and assessments of perianal disease activity may all contribute to a better patient quality of life.

Aim of the Work
to explore the role of trans perineal ultrasound in assessment of disease activity and/or complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients and Methods
The Diagnostic Radiology Unit; Radiology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. For 6 months. We studied the relevance of 23 different ultrasound parameters and 6 indices in conjunction with clinical, endoscopic based scores. Sample size of at least 30 patients with IBD with affection of anal or perianal area were sufficient to achieve study objective.

Results
Rectal wall thickness and submucosal band thickness could be used as indicators for presence of disease in ulcerative colitis patients. TPUS could be used to assess the internal sphincter thickness, external sphincter integrity in Crohn’s disease. Partial Mayo clinical score showed significant correlation with Mayo endoscopic score; however, it couldn’t predict degree of severity. Internal sphincter thickening increased anal canal vascularity and perianal fistula is more common in Crohn’s disease than ulcerative colitis.

Conclusion
Trans perineal ultrasound is considered as a good tool that is noninvasive, cost effective and convenient and shows a potential in the assessment of disease activity and complications in inflammatory bowel disease.
Role of PET/CT in Evaluation of Locally Managed Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Negative CT/MRI Findings
Authors: Ramadan Elkholy Mohammed , Fattah Mousa Waleed Abdel , El Monem Saad Moaaz Nabil Abd 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide (HCC). It is the most common primary liver cancer. Loco-regional management is important for patient survival. Post-therapeutic follow-up and early detection of recurrent HCC are crucial in the management plan.

Aim of the Work
To highlight the role of PET/CT in evaluation of post therapeutic hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to traditional cross-sectional imaging (CT/MRI)

Patients and Methods
Type of Study: retrospective and prospective studies. Study Setting: The study was conducted in a private radiology center. Study Period: from March 2019 to March 2023. Study Population: This study enrolled 50 patients who had previously undergone local management, such as trans-arterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, a combination of these (trans-arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation), and surgical resection.

Results
In the current study, 18F FDG PET/CT showed 95.6% sensitivity, 75 % specificity, 97.8% positive predictive value, 60% negative predictive value, and 94% accuracy.

Conclusion
18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable imaging tool to investigate the patients who have rising serum AFP level after HCC loco-regional treatment. It can accurately detect intrahepatic tumor recurrence as well as extrahepatic spread of HCC and can differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis.
Enhancing Gout Diagnosis with Deep Learning in Dual-energy Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Analysis of Crystal and Artifact Differentiation
Authors: Choi Yunjung , Castro-Zunti Riel , Lee Daewoo , Yun Jae Sung , Choi Younhee , Ko Seok-bum , Choi Eun Jung , Jin Gong Yong , Yoo Wan-Hee , Park Eun Hae 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate whether the application of deep learning (DL) could achieve high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating between green colour coding, indicative of tophi, and clumpy artifacts observed in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) scans.

Methods
A comprehensive analysis of 18 704 regions of interest (ROIs) extracted from green foci in DECT scans obtained from 47 patients with gout and 27 gout-free controls was performed. The ROIs were categorized into three size groups: small, medium, and large. Convolutional neural network (CNN) analysis on a per-lesion basis and support vector machine (SVM) analysis on a per-patient basis were performed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the models were compared.

Results
For small ROIs, the sensitivity and specificity of the CNN model were 81.5% and 96.1%, respectively; for medium ROIs, 82.7% and 96.1%, respectively; for large ROIs, 91.8% and 86.9%, respectively. Additionally, the DL algorithm exhibited accuracies of 88.5%, 88.6%, and 91.0% for small, medium, and large ROIs, respectively. In the per-patient analysis, the SVM approach demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.2%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 91.8% in distinguishing between patients with gout and gout-free controls.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the DL algorithm in differentiating between green colour coding indicative of crystal deposition and clumpy artifacts in DECT scans. With high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, the utilization of DL in DECT for diagnosing gout enables precise lesion classification, facilitating early-stage diagnosis and promoting timely intervention approaches.
A bonanza of Cretaceous fossils provides insights into the evolution of antennal protection in clown beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae)
Authors: Simon-Pražák Jan , Yamamoto Shûhei , Lackner Tomáš , Fikáček Martin , Prokop Jakub , Caterino Michael S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Species in the beetle family Histeridae exhibit numerous defensive adaptations, from a generally compact and spheroid body shape to retractable tarsi, legs, heads, and antennae. Modes of antennal concealment are particularly variable, underscoring the importance of protecting these essential sensory structures. Understanding the evolution of these morphological features has been hindered by a weak understanding of the family’s basal phylogeny, and corresponding patterns of niche-use and morphological evolution. Cretaceous amber fossils have been proliferating, filling in important morphological gaps right around the time of the family’s explosive radiation. Here we describe 10 new species from Cretaceous Burmese ambers, six of them representing new genera: Palaeabraeus glabrus gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Abraeinae); Pseudacritus extinctus gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Abraeinae); Miculissima excavata gen. nov. et sp. nov. (unplaced to subfamily); Placatister cascus gen. nov. et sp. nov. (unplaced to subfamily); Cretomalus tibiodentatus gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Dendrophilinae: Paromalini); Prodigister tricostatus gen. nov. et sp. nov. (unplaced to subfamily); Anapleus punctulatus sp. nov. (Dendrophilinae: Anapleini); Pantostictus hirsutus sp. nov. (Abraeinae: Pantostictini); Phasmister kraliceki sp. nov. (Onthophilinae); and Phasmister planatus sp. nov. (Onthophilinae). A revised phylogenetic analysis that includes these taxa supports previous hints that inquilinous forms were prevalent and diverse during the Cretaceous. These results also support the contention that pressures in these environments to protect the critically important sensory apparatus, the antenna, were strong, driving multiple origins of two of the more protective configurations among extant taxa. Some of the new genera remain unplaced to subfamily, underscoring the gaps that still remain in the early fossil record for the family, and the continued need for more comprehensive analyses of combined data from extant taxa, along with additional extinct forms that we may assume will continue to be discovered.
METTL3 and IGF2BP2 coordinately regulate FOSL1 mRNA via m6A modification, suppressing trophoblast invasion and contributing to fetal growth restriction
Authors: Chen Ruixin , Wang Tingting , Tong Hai , Zhang Xue , Ruan Jie , Qi Hongbo , Liu Xinghui , He Guolin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) increases the risk of short‐term and long‐term complications. Widespread N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modifications on mRNAs have been found to be involved in various biological processes. However, the role of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of FGR remains elusive. Here, we report that elevated levels of METTL3 and m6A modification were detected in FGR placentae. Functionally, cell migration, invasion, and proliferation abilities were suppressed after METTL3 overexpression in HTR8/SVneo cells. Subsequently, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP‐seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) of METTL3‐knockdown HTR8/SVneo cells were utilized together to identify FOSL1 as the downstream target genes of METTL3. Furthermore, we illustrated that METTL3‐mediated m6A modification enhanced the expression of FOSL1 in a IGF2BP2 dependent manner. FOSL1 inhibited trophoblast invasion and migration. Importantly, STM2457, a novel METTL3 catalytic inhibitor, was intravenously administered to FGR mice models, which restore fetal and placental weights in vivo. In vitro STM2457 regulated trophoblast proliferation, invasion, and migration in a dose‐dependent manner. In summary, this study reveals that METTL3 and IGF2BP2 increase FOSL1 expression in an m6A‐dependent manner. The increase of FOSL1disrupts normal trophoblast invasion, which results in the progression of FGR. METTL3 can serve as a potential target for FGR therapy.
Nurse Faculty Perceptions of Anxiety in Nursing Students
Authors: Tansey Cristina Andraca , Carroll Lisa Falgiatore 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Anxiety in nursing students can interfere with the development of the knowledge, skills, and clinical judgment necessary to practice in a complex health care environment. Thirteen faculty from nursing programs across one state were interviewed to explore faculty perceptions of anxiety among prelicensure baccalaureate nursing students. Data analysis from this qualitative study showed that faculty recognized anxiety in students and its contributing factors. Findings also revealed that participants were unsure of the levels of anxiety that hinder or promote student learning but believed faculty are in a position to help students manage these feelings.