bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les chemins de maraude d’une formation groupale
Authors: Carminati Federico , Galli Carminati Giuliana 
Published: October 2018

Chaque année, ASTRAG (ASsociation pour le TRAvail Groupal thérapeutique et social) organise une formation groupale articulée sur quatre week-ends. Cette formation est gratuite et ouverte à tout public intéressé par la dynamique groupale. La situation groupale nous met sans ménagement en contact direct avec des contenus psychiques profonds. Nous pensons que l’analyse de groupe, avec un aspect d’amplification des dynamiques individuelles, est un laboratoire précieux pour avancer, dans le domaine de la psychanalyse dite classique, avec une continuation et un enrichissement réciproque très riches et lumineux. Cet article est conçu comme un « chemin de maraude » qui touche – dans notre cas, discrètement et sans trop de dégâts – aux trésors du savoir analytique pour en faire festin et partage. Nous nous arrêtons dans une première étape autour des première et deuxième topiques, en passant par la vision jungienne de l’inconscient jusqu’à la synthèse de Charles Baudouin, psychanalyste genevois. Nous abordons à la deuxième étape les instances du septénaire de Baudouin à la lumière du Cône de Stocker avec ses trois composantes, biologique, sociale et spirituelle. Les trois niveaux que Baudouin emprunte à Pascal, corps, esprit, cœur, sont parcourus par le développement de l’individu, on pourrait dire selon sa phylogenèse psychologique. La troisième étape de notre chemin de maraude nous plonge donc dans le monde profond de l’inconscient collectif, ce qui va nous suggérer que le groupe est un outil idéal pour explorer les couches profondes et donc s’approcher du monde des archétypes. La dernière étape nous amène en balade à une vision du septénaire de Baudouin légèrement différente en suivant les divers niveaux du processus d’individuation.
Les entreprises et la guerre : vers la responsabilité géopolitique des entreprises ?
Authors: Belhoste Nathalie , Nivet Bastien 
Published: October 2018

Les récentes mises en cause de plusieurs multinationales françaises et / ou européennes (BNP Paribas et le génocide rwandais, Lafarge en Syrie, Imerys en Afghanistan, etc.) illustrent la difficulté d’adaptation et de gestion du risque géopolitique par certaines entreprises confrontées à des zones de conflits ou d’effondrement étatique. Les préoccupations à l’égard des comportements et réactions des multinationales dans de tels contextes sont anciennes, et des travaux universitaires ont déjà montré la diversité des attitudes des entreprises et soulevé des questions éthiques importantes. La période actuelle, mêlant volatilité géopolitique, mondialisation et prise de conscience accrue, pose désormais la question de l’émergence d’une forme nouvelle de « responsabilité géopolitique des entreprises », plaçant les entreprises devant une responsabilité particulière, y compris pénale, si et lorsque surgissent des conflits.
Violence religieuse et violence politique : de la paix provisoire à la paix définitive
Authors: Bourdin Bernard 
Published: October 2018

Cet article a été spécialement conçu pour introduire les contributions de ce dossier sur la violence. Il propose toutefois une problématique originale : la violence est un fait anthropologique des plus ambivalents. C’est notamment vrai dans sa dimension politico-religieuse. Mais si la violence politico-religieuse est marquée par l’ambivalence, la paix ne l’est pas moins. Violence et paix ne peuvent être juxtaposées. Aux fins de sa démonstration, la réflexion proposée fait appel autant aux ressources de la philosophie politique, que de la psychanalyse et de la Révélation chrétienne. Le rapport que nouent violence et paix est beaucoup trop complexe pour le réduire à une approche monodisciplinaire. S’impose donc le devoir de la transversalité.
L’obligation comme liberté ou comme contrainte. Sénèque, Paul et Rousseau
Authors: Wiel Véronique 
Published: October 2018

Cette étude poursuit des recherches consacrées à une conception originale de la liberté, issue pour l’essentiel des stoïciens et de Paul : la liberté comme usage du monde. La décrire dans ses lignes principales conduit alors à rendre toute sa visibilité à l’une de ses figures : la pratique du don, repérée ici chez Sénèque et Paul. Montrer en quoi l’un et l’autre articulent diversement don et liberté au nom d’une fraternité en acte permet par contraste de pointer l’une des difficultés saillantes de l’individu moderne : le cas du dernier Rousseau, celui des Rêveries , rend visible, tel un miroir grossissant, les refus et incompréhensions de qui ne voit dans la pratique du don que chaînes, transaction aliénante, péril pour soi.
Factors associated with successful completion of a substance rehabilitation programme at a psychiatric training hospital
Authors: Dreyer Justine , Pooe Jacobeth M. , Dzikiti Loveness , Kruger Christa 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders are common globally. Management of either condition is influenced by comprehensive management of the other.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine which patient and substance factors are associated with completion of a substance rehabilitation programme in psychiatric inpatients.Methods: The study was conducted at the Substance Rehabilitation Unit (SRU) of Weskoppies Hospital, a psychiatric training hospital in South Africa. It was a hospital-based two-group cross-sectional study comparing clinical files of completers and non-completers of the SRU programme with respect to patient and substance factors.Results: Most of the patients referred to the SRU were involuntarily admitted, between the ages of 30 and 49 years, male, black or African origin, South African, single, unemployed, never having received a disability grant and with a highest level of education between Grades 8 and 11. Substance-induced disorders, psychotic disorders and Cluster B personality traits were common. Cannabis, alcohol and tobacco were the most frequently used substances. Patients with a lower level of education, who receive a disability grant or who use Nyaope or tobacco, were statistically significantly less likely to complete the SRU programme than those without these factors. Psychiatric diagnosis and general medical comorbidity were not associated with completion.Conclusion: Completion rates were comparable to those in general substance rehabilitation centres. The association of tobacco smoking and non-completion was in keeping with other research. Low educational level may be a predictive factor of non-completion in this population. This study has yielded several recommendations for substance rehabilitation services in this population and filled a number of research gaps. Further research is still needed, especially with regard to substance rehabilitation in Nyaope-users and the role of disability grants. Creative approaches will be necessary in order to support patients at risk of dropout, in light of resource limitations and the drive towards individualised care.
London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy for South African women with mental illness: Exploring perspectives on pregnancy
Authors: Du Toit Elsa , Jordaan Esme , Koen Liezl , Leppanen Jukka M. , Niehaus Dana 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Unplanned pregnancy is a community health concern. Research with South African women revealed the complexities surrounding pregnancy planning. Categorising pregnancies as either planned or unplanned is insufficient, as reducing a multidimensional concept to a dichotomous variable oversimplifies a complex matter.Methods: Pregnant females, 18 years and older with a primary DSM-IV-TR (APA 2000) diagnosis of psychiatric illness, are qualified for inclusion in this quantitative descriptive study. Participants completed a structured psychiatric assessment, including the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP) during care as usual visits at two Maternal Mental Health Clinics.Results: Although 37.1% termed their pregnancy unplanned when asked dichotomously, the LMUP scores revealed that 50.6% of the 170 participants fell outside the ‘planned’ category. Worryingly, 73.3% of the women with unplanned or ambivalent pregnancies did not use contraception. Neither the women’s intention to fall pregnant nor their perception of the right timing for being pregnant could be predicted by the group (unplanned, ambivalent or planned) in which they fell; 82.6% of the unplanned group, 57.1% of the ambivalent group and 6.0% of the planned group indicated not wanting the baby. All the women in the ‘planned’ group agreed with their partner to have a baby. This holds true for 24.4% of the women in the other two groups.Conclusion: Results revealed similar findings as other studies in terms of contraception use, pregnancy timing, pregnancy intent, desire to have a baby, partner involvement and health-promoting behaviours during pregnancy. The large size of the ambivalent category emphasises that pregnancy planning cannot be viewed in terms of two dichotomous points, but should rather be thought of as a scale or continuum.
Correlation between radiological and histopathological findings in patients undergoing nephrectomy for presumed renal cell carcinoma on computed tomography scan at Grey’s Hospital
Authors: Mlambo Nompumelelo E. , Dlamini Nondumiso N.M. , Urry Ronald J. 
Published: October 2018

Background: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing globally owing to the increased use of cross-sectional imaging. Computed tomography (CT) scan is the modality of choice in the diagnosis and pre-operative assessment of RCC. Nephrectomy is the standard treatment for RCC and pre-surgery biopsy is not routinely practised. The accuracy of CT diagnosis and staging in a South African population has not been established.Objectives: To determine the accuracy of CT scan in the diagnosis and pre-operative staging of RCC at Grey’s Hospital.Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed; CT scan reports and histopathological results of adult patients who underwent nephrectomy for presumed RCC on CT scan between January 2010 and December 2016 were compared.Results: Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. CT significantly overestimated the size of renal masses by 0.7 cm (p = 0.045) on average. The positive predictive value of CT for RCC was 81%. Cystic tumours and those 4 cm and smaller were more likely to be benign. CT demonstrated good specificity for extra-renal extension, vascular invasion and lymph node involvement, but poor sensitivity.Conclusion: In our South African study population, CT is accurate at diagnosing RCC, but false-positives do occur. Non-enhancing or poorly enhancing, cystic, fat-containing and small lesions (4 cm or smaller) are more likely to be benign and ultrasound-guided biopsy should be considered to avoid unnecessary surgery. CT assessment of extra-renal extension and vascular invasion is challenging and additional imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) venogram, duplex Doppler ultrasound or Positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) may be beneficial.
Ionic Liquids Applied to Extraction of Xenobiotics from Food, Environmental, and Biological Samples and for Analysis by Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Tuzimski Tomasz , Petruczynik Anna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of unique substances composed purely by cation and anions. Because of the unique properties of ILs (e.g., electric conductivity, low volatility, thermostability, and tenability), their use has attracted considerable interest, including an increasing number of publications on their use in analytical separation techniques. ILs applied as extraction solvents in liquid–liquid extraction methods and promote interactions between the analyte and solvent because of their unique chemical functional groups. In solid-phase extraction, ILs are usually used for the modification of stationary phases. ILs in LC are applied as mobile phase additives to obtain a better peak shape and high system efficiency for the analysis of ionic, especially basic, compounds. This review highlights some of the applications of ILs to extraction and analysis by LC of xenobiotics in food, environmental, and biological samples.
An osteopathic cardiologist's review of hypertension: Beyond The Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure
Authors: Williams Alicia M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Although hypertension was defined more than 100 years ago, it remains the leading cause of office visits and use of prescription drugs. Because hypertension is one of the major risk factors for premature death and disability, the medical community continues to strive toward more aggressive detection, follow-up, and treatment. The Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure provides an excellent guide for all health practitioners. This publication, along with several recent articles, have provided a comprehensive approach to the hypertensive patient. Although cerebrovascular events have been dramatically reduced by the treatment of hypertension, results regarding cardiac morbidity and mortality have been disappointing. Therefore, from a cardiologist's standpoint, the concept of cardioprotection has evolved into an important component in the treatment of the hypertensive patient.
A variant of adrenomyeloneuropathy in a family with adrenoleukodystrophy and adrenomyeloneuropathy
Authors: Simpson David A. , Pawlak Anne M. , Nigro Michael A. , Wishnow Robin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A 31-year-old man was seen with addisonian crisis, followed by the abrupt onset of spastic paraparesis and peripheral neuropathy. A workup revealed adrenal insufficiency, for which the patient was aggressively treated. The workup also revealed an increase in very-long-chain fatty acids consistent with the diagnosis of adrenomyeloneuropathy. Abnormal pituitary dysfunction improved with treatment of the Addison's disease. A review of the patient's pedigree revealed two family members in whom multiple sclerosis had been diagnosed but which, in retrospect, was thought to be adrenomyeloneuropathy. No other family member was found to have Addison's disease. A sibling died at age 8 of Schilder's disease, confirming the presence of adrenoleukodystrophy as well as adrenomyeloneuropathy within this family.
Disturbed processing of the carbohydrate‐binding module of family 54 significantly impairs its binding to polysaccharides
Authors: Dvortsov Igor A. , Lunina Nataliya A. , Demidyuk Ilya V. , Kostrov Sergey V. 
Published: October 2018

Carbohydrate‐binding modules of the family 54 (CBM54) are characterized by spontaneous rupture of the peptide bond Asn266‐Ser267 (numbering corresponds to that of laminarinase Lic16A of Ruminiclostridium thermocellum). As a result of processing, two parts are formed noncovalently connected to each other. Here, to gain insights into the functional significance of the internal cleavage, we made modifications of the family‐conserved processing site in CBM54 of Lic16A. We demonstrate that the introduced mutations of residues G264 or S267 to alanine block the hydrolysis. Unprocessed, modified proteins bind insoluble polysaccharides pustulan, chitin, xylan, Avicel, phosphoric acid‐swollen cellulose, and β‐d‐glucan of the yeast cell wall 2–20 times worse than the wild‐type module. The data obtained are the first to demonstrate that processing is important for the functioning of CBM54s.
Concurrent Infection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Ranavirus among Native Amphibians from Northeastern Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Watters Jessa L. , Davis Drew R. , Yuri Tamaki , Siler Cameron D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Global amphibian decline continues to be a great concern despite our increased understanding of the causes behind the observed patterns of the decline, such as habitat modification and infectious diseases. Although there is a large body of literature on the topic of amphibian infectious diseases, pathogen prevalence and distribution among entire communities of species in many regions remain poorly understood. In addition to these geographic gaps in our understanding, past work has focused largely on individual pathogens, either Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) or ranavirus (RV), rather than dual infection rates among host species. We sampled for prevalence and infection load of both pathogens in 514 amphibians across 16 total sites in northeastern Oklahoma. Amphibians were caught by hand, net, or seine; they were swabbed to screen for Bd; and liver tissue samples were collected to screen for RV. Overall results of quantitative PCR assays showed that 7% of screened individuals were infected with RV only, 37% were infected with Bd only, and 9% were infected with both pathogens simultaneously. We also documented disease presence in several rare amphibian species that are currently being monitored as species of concern due to their small population sizes in Oklahoma. This study synthesizes a growing body of research regarding infectious diseases among amphibian communities in the central United States.
GammaKnife versus VMAT radiosurgery plan quality for many brain metastases
Authors: Potrebko Peter S , Keller Andrew , All Sean , Sejpal Samir , Pepe Julie , Saigal Kunal , Kandula Shravan , Sensakovic William F , Shridhar Ravi , Poleszczuk Jan , Biagioli Matthew 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to compare dose distributions between two radiosurgery modalities, single‐isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and GammaKnife Perfexion (GK), in the treatment of a large number (≥7) of brain metastases. Twelve patients with 103 brain metastases were analyzed. The median number of targets per patient was 8 (range: 7–14). GK plans were compared to noncoplanar VMAT plans using both 6‐MV flattening filter‐free (FFF) and 10‐MV FFF modes. Parameters analyzed included radiation therapy oncology group conformity index (CI), 12, 6, and 3 Gy isodose volumes (V12 Gy, V6 Gy, V3 Gy), mean and maximum hippocampal dose, and maximum skin dose. There were statistically significant differences in CI (2.5 ± 1.6 vs 1.6 ± 0.8 and 1.7 ± 0.9, P < 0.001, P < 0.001), V12 Gy (2.8 ± 6.1 cc vs 3.0 ± 5.2 cc and 3.1 ± 5.4 cc, P = 0.003, P < 0.001), and V3 Gy (323.0 ± 294.8 cc vs, 880.1 ± 369.1 cc and 937.9 ± vs 361.9 cc, P = 0.005, P = 0.001) between GK versus both 6‐MV FFF and 10‐MV FFF. No significant differences existed for maximum hippocampal or skin doses. In conclusion, highly optimized VMAT produced improved conformity at the expense of a higher V12 Gy and V3 Gy volume when compared with highly optimized GK.
Does implementation of reforms authorized in Section 28 of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act affect the complexity of the questions asked of young alleged victims in court?
Authors: Henderson Hayden M. , Lamb Michael E. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis study examined whether the implementation of Section 28 (S28) of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act and the introduction of mandatory ground rules hearings reduced the complexity of the questions English lawyers asked when examining child witnesses. This study compared cases with (n = 43) and without (n = 43) the S28 special measures and involved children aged 6–15 testifying as alleged victims of sexual abuse. Defense lawyers' questions in the S28 condition comprised fewer words, clauses, false starts, multiple negatives, and temporal and numeric attributes than in the non‐S28 condition. When questioning younger children, lawyers used fewer words, clauses, references to “before/after,” and passive voice. These results demonstrated that S28 successfully reduced the complexity of the questions and that lawyers in both conditions partially adjusted the complexity of their questions to accommodate children's developmental capabilities.
A visualization technique for Bayesian reasoning
Authors: Starns Jeffrey J. , Cohen Andrew L. , Bosco Cara , Hirst Jennifer 
Published: October 2018

SummaryWe tested a method for solving Bayesian reasoning problems in terms of spatial relations as opposed to mathematical equations. Participants completed Bayesian problems in which they were given a prior probability and two conditional probabilities and were asked to report the posterior odds. After a pretraining phase in which participants completed problems with no instruction or external support, participants watched a video describing a visualization technique that used the length of bars to represent the probabilities provided in the problem. Participants then completed more problems with a chance to implement the technique by clicking interactive bars on the computer screen. Performance improved dramatically from the pretraining phase to the interactive‐bar phase. Participants maintained improved performance in transfer phases in which they were required to implement the visualization technique with either pencil‐and‐paper or no external medium. Accuracy levels for participants using the visualization technique were very similar to participants trained to solve the Bayes theorem equation. The results showed no evidence of learning across problems in the pretraining phase or for control participants who did not receive training, so the improved performance of participants using the visualization method could be uniquely attributed to the method itself. A classroom sample demonstrated that these benefits extend to instructional settings. The results show that people can quickly learn to perform Bayesian reasoning without using mathematical equations. We discuss ways that a spatial solution method can enhance classroom instruction on Bayesian inference and help students apply Bayesian reasoning in everyday settings.
Spore Carbon from Aspergillus Oryzae for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Zhong Yu , Xia Xinhui , Deng Shengjue , Xie Dong , Shen Shenghui , Zhang Kaili , Guo Weihao , Wang Xiuli , Tu Jiangping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDevelopment of novel advanced carbon materials is playing a critical role in the innovation of electrochemical energy storage technology. Hierarchical porous spore carbon produced by Aspergillus oryzae is reported, which acts as a biofactory. Interestingly, the spore carbon not only shows a porous maze structure consisting of crosslinked nanofolds, but also is intrinsically N and P dual doped. Impressively, the spore carbon can be further embedded with Ni2P nanoparticles, which serve as porogen to form a highly porous spore carbon/Ni2P composite with increased surface area and enhanced electrical conductivity. To explore the potential application in lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), the spore carbon/Ni2P composite is combined with sulfur, forming a composite cathode, which exhibits a high initial capacity of 1347.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, enhanced cycling stability (73.5% after 500 cycles), and better rate performance than the spore carbon/S and artificial hollow carbon sphere/S counterparts. The synergistic effect on suppressing the shuttle effect of intermediate polysulfides is responsible for the excellent LSBs performance with the aid of a physical blocking effect arising from the electrical maze porous structure and the chemical adsorption effect originating from N, P dual doping and polarized compound Ni2P.