bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Afroeuropean Modes of Self-Making: Afro-Dutch and Afro-Italian Projects Compared
Authors: Scarabello Serena , de Witte Marleen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article contributes to scholarship on Afroeurope by investigating the intersection of blackness, Africanness, and Europeanness in everyday discourses and social practices in the Netherlands and Italy. We examine how young African-descended Europeans are forging new ways of being both African and European through practices of self-making, which should be understood against both the historical background of colonialism and the contemporary politics of othering. Such practices take on an urgency for these youth, often encompassing a reinvention of Africanness and/or blackness as well as a challenge to dominant, exclusionary understandings of Europeanness. Comparing Afro-Dutch and Afro-Italian modes of self-making, centred on African heritage and roots, we discuss: 1) the emergence of a transnational, Afroeuropean imaginary, distinguished from both white Europe and African-American formations; and 2) the diversity of Afroeuropean modes of self-making, all rooted in distinct histories of colonialism, slavery, and immigration, and influenced by global formations of Africanness and blackness. These new Afro and African identities advanced by young Europeans do not turn away from Europeanness (as dominant identity models would assume: the more African, the less European), nor simply add to Europeanness (“multicultural” identities), nor even mix with Europeanness (“hybrid” identities), but are in and of themselves European.
On the lower bound of Spearman’s footrule
Authors: Fuchs Sebastian , McCord Yann 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Úbeda-Flores showed that the range of multivariate Spearman’s footrule for copulas of dimension d ≥ 2 is contained in the interval [−1/d, 1], that the upper bound is attained exclusively by the upper Fréchet-Hoeffding bound, and that the lower bound is sharp in the case where d = 2. The present paper provides characterizations of the copulas attaining the lower bound of multivariate Spearman’s footrule in terms of the copula measure but also via the copula’s diagonal section.
Decoding Non-Target-Site Herbicide Resistance in Sunflower: The Beginning of the Story
Authors: Gil Mercedes , Nestares Graciela 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the last years, many efforts have been made to develop sunflower cultivars showing important agronomical characteristics such as herbicide resistance. These approaches have been focused mainly on resistance to herbicides with the same mode of action, that is acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors. To date, four induced and natural AHAS mutations have been found that confer resistance to these herbicides and many of these alleles are being used for the production of sunflower hybrids resistant to herbicides and to develop different non-transgenic technologies for weed control. However, little is known about the bases of non-target-site-based resistance (NTSR) developing cross-resistance to herbicides with different modes of action in sunflower. These mechanisms diminish the number of active herbicide molecules that reach the target and are generally polygenic. Elucidating the nature of NTSR would allow evaluating maximal efficiency conditions for the herbicide and would enable to establish weed management strategies in sunflower crop. Nowadays, mining of NTSR genes can be more easily accomplished taking advantage of up-to-date omics-based approaches: high-throughput techniques involving genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Considering the difficulties in the discovery of new compounds with a broad spectrum of weed control, it results essential to broaden the use of former herbicides which are highly efficient and ecologically desirable. Full understanding of NTSR mechanisms in sunflower would allow detecting specific genes potentially useful as biotechnological tools for the phytoremediation of herbicides and modern plant breeding.
Digital Tools for Working with New Testament Manuscripts
Authors: Allen Garrick V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article critically examines the functionalities and significance of three prominent digital tools that have become central to the study of Greek New Testament manuscripts. The design, functionalities, and significance of the New Testament Virtual Manuscript Room (NTVMR), the Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts (CSNTM) digital library, and the Pinakes database have a hand in shaping the research questions of the field. As such, it is important to understand what these tools do, how they function, and how they might develop further to address the needs of the field. The analysis of these tools leads to fundamental questions about using digital representations as proxies for primary sources, challenges for managing the materiality of artefactual and digital objects, the collaborative nature of digital scholarship, and the implicit interpretations of the Greek New Testament tradition inherent in digital workspaces.
Defining Digital Theology: Digital Humanities, Digital Religion and the Particular Work of the CODEC Research Centre and Network
Authors: Phillips Peter , Schiefelbein-Guerrero Kyle , Kurlberg Jonas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article seeks to define Digital Theology, first by exploring the development of the CODEC Research Centre at Durham University – perhaps the only centre developed to explore Digital Theology. The aims of the centre and some of its projects are explored leading to a discussion of CODEC’s place within Digital Humanities. The article concludes with a focus on different aspects and definitions of Digital Theology.
Effects of Laser Marking on Fatigue Strength of Titanium Alloys
Authors: Shivaram Anish , Baker Ethan , Ewing Morgan , Nambu Satya 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Laser marking is a requirement for all medical implants in the biomedical industry. The purpose is to provide permanent identification of the details of an implant, such as the part number, size, lot number, etc., in the form of laser engraving. The intent of this practice is mainly to provide the information needed to correctly identify an implant when removed from its package and before its use and, secondly, to provide the necessary information when an implant is surgically removed from a patient’s body to analyze the cause of removal. However, laser marking can affect the fatigue performance of an implant and create a heat-affected zone, though other factors, such as the positioning of the marking along with the laser marking parameters, can also play a significant role. The improper choice of laser marking parameters can induce high residual stresses on the implant. High tensile residual stresses can result in fracture at the marking region, and hence, compressive or low tensile residual stresses are desired. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various laser marking parameters on the residual stresses and fatigue strength of titanium alloy. Laser marking parameters, such as power and pulse speed, were varied and residual stresses were calculated using the X-ray diffraction technique. Heat-affected zones were imaged using a digital microscope. Finally, four-point bend tests were conducted to evaluate the fatigue strength for samples with different laser parameters. The results from the testing demonstrated that laser parameters can have a significant impact on the tensile or compressive residual stresses. Laser-marked samples also showed a reduction in fatigue strength as compared to non–laser-marked samples.
On the Phases Present in Artificially Aged AA2618 Extrusions
Authors: Mukhopadhyay A. K. , Sarkar R. , Kumar D. , Ghosal P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The aluminum alloy AA2618, based on aluminum–copper–magnesium–silicon–iron–nickel, is successfully utilized at elevated temperatures, i.e., in the temperature range of 100°C–300°C, for varying durations for critical aerospace applications. The intermetallic compound Al9FeNi (having the monoclinic crystal structure) forms early during the solidification process, and this compound is known to assist in stabilizing the grain structure of the alloy. This work shows that during subsequent homogenizing, annealing, and thermo-mechanical processing, the Al9FeNi compound becomes unstable and acts as a nucleation site for the stable Al7Cu2(FeNi) phase (having a tetragonal crystal structure). It is further observed that in the artificially aged condition, both Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones and S (Al2CuMg) phase co-exist. However, the S phase is found to form copiously parallel to {110}Al crystallographic planes apart from its known habit planes of {210}Al.
Bilateral pheochromocytoma after kidney transplantation in neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: de Miguel Valeria , Paissan Andrea , García Marchiñena Patricio , Jurado Alberto , Isola Mariana , Alfie José , Fainstein-Day Patricia 
Published: May 2019

Summary
We present the case of a 25-year-old male with a history of neurofibromatosis type 1 and bilateral pheochromocytoma 4 years after kidney transplantation that was successfully treated with simultaneous bilateral posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy.

Learning points:

Hypertensive patients with NF1 should always be screened for pheochromocytoma.

Pheochromocytoma is rarely associated with transplantation, but it must be ruled out in patients with genetic susceptibility.

Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA) allows more direct access to the adrenal glands, especially in patients with previous abdominal surgeries.
Inferring the Nature of Missing Heritability in Human Traits Using Data from the GWAS Catalog
Authors: López-Cortegano Eugenio , Caballero Armando 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHere, López-Cortegano and Caballero carried out a meta-analysis using records from a database of genome-wide studies in order to investigate the nature of missing heritability in humans...Thousands of genes responsible for many diseases and other common traits in humans have been detected by Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) in the last decade. However, candidate causal variants found so far usually explain only a small fraction of the heritability estimated by family data. The most common explanation for this observation is that the missing heritability corresponds to variants, either rare or common, with very small effect, which pass undetected due to a lack of statistical power. We carried out a meta-analysis using data from the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog in order to explore the observed distribution of locus effects for a set of 42 complex traits and to quantify their contribution to narrow-sense heritability. With the data at hand, we were able to predict the expected distribution of locus effects for 16 traits and diseases, their expected contribution to heritability, and the missing number of loci yet to be discovered to fully explain the familial heritability estimates. Our results indicate that, for 6 out of the 16 traits, the additive contribution of a great number of loci is unable to explain the familial (broad-sense) heritability, suggesting that the gap between GWAS and familial estimates of heritability may not ever be closed for these traits. In contrast, for the other 10 traits, the additive contribution of hundreds or thousands of loci yet to be found could potentially explain the familial heritability estimates, if this were the case. Computer simulations are used to illustrate the possible contribution from nonadditive genetic effects to the gap between GWAS and familial estimates of heritability.
Wille e Willkür: uma análise e uma interpretação na filosofia de Kant
Authors: De Souza Draiton Gonzaga , Bresolin Keberson 
Published: May 2019

Ao longo de sua trajetória filosófica, Kant aprofundou e esclareceu os conceitos de vontade (Wille) e arbítrio (Willkür). Ambos os conceitos são fundamentais para a compreensão da possibilidade da liberdade, seja ela interna ou externa. O filósofo racional usa os conceitos de Wille e Willkür desde a Kritik der reinen Vernunft, mas será apenas na obra tardia da Metaphysik der Sitten (1798) que os conceitos ganharam precisão semântica dentro do sistema da metafisica da liberdade. Em virtude disso, iremos percorrer as obras críticas kantianas desde a Kritik der reinen Vernunft até a Metaphysik der Sitten para verificar as “diferentes” formulações dos conceitos vontade e arbítrio e, finalmente, considerar aquela que melhor se afigura plausível consoante uma leitura sistemática da obra de Kant.
Hypersexual behavior in a large online sample: Individual characteristics and signs of coercive sexual behavior
Authors: Engel Jannis , Kessler Andrea , Veit Maria , Sinke Christopher , Heitland Ivo , Kneer Jonas , Hartmann Uwe , Kruger Tillmann H. C. 
Published: May 2019

Background and aims
Despite the high prevalence of perceived problems relating to symptoms of hypersexual disorder (HD), important aspects remain underinvestigated. This study examines symptoms of depression, symptoms of problematic cybersex, and coercive sexual behavior in a large online sample from a German-speaking population.

Methods
In an online survey, N = 1,194 (n = 564 women) participated in this study and completed measures including self-report questionnaires to assess depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), HD (HBI-19), symptoms of problematic cybersex (s-IATsex), as well as questions characterizing participants sexually, including fantasies and actual sexual coercive behaviors.

Results
Men reported increased levels of HD symptom severity, pornography consumption, masturbation, and partnered sexual activity. Moreover, 59% of men and 18% of women reported fantasies of sexual coercion, whereas 21% of men and 4% of women reported acts of sexual coercion. Moderated regression analyses showed that symptoms of depression as well as sexual coercive fantasies and behaviors were associated with levels of HD symptom severity. Problematic cybersex, total sexual outlet (TSO), pornography consumption, and number of sexual partners were also associated with HD symptom severity. Interaction effects indicated that, in women, the connection of TSO as well as pornography was more strongly associated with levels of HD symptom severity than in men.

Conclusions
This survey indicated that levels of HD symptom severity are often associated with severe intra- and interpersonal difficulties. Furthermore, the amount of sexual activity seems to be more strongly connected to levels of HD symptom severity in women than in men.
Biofertilizante e adubação mineral na qualidade de frutos de maracujazeiro irrigado com água salina
Authors: Nascimento Jose Adeilson Medeiros , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Guedes Dantas Stênio Andrey , Silva Sherly Aparecida , Dias Thiago Jardelino 
Published: May 2019

A adoção de técnicas e insumos alternativos na fruticultura está associada aos efeitos no crescimento, capacidade produtiva das culturas e nas características externas e internas dos frutos, visando atender padrões de qualidade exigidos para o consumo in natura ou para o processamento do suco. Nessa direção, um experimento foi desenvolvido, no período de outubro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011 para avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de maracujazeiro amarelo irrigado com água salina no solo com biofertilizante bovino, e adubação mineral. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e 12 plantas por parcela, usando o esquema fatorial 4 × 2 relativo à quatro doses de biofertilizante bovino (0,0; 33,3; 66,6 e 100%) em solo sem e com adubação mineral (NPK). As variáveis físicas avaliadas referiram-se a espessura e firmeza de casca, número de sementes e rendimento de polpa; as de natureza química foram pH do suco, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis (ºBrix) e teores de vitamina C. A adubação mineral potencializou o efeito positivo do biofertilizante nas características físicas e químicas dos frutos, tornando-os adequadas para o consumo in natura e para o processamento da polpa. O biofertilizante, mesmo no solo sem adubação mineral proporcionou qualidade físico-química adequada aos frutos de maracujazeiro. Pelos resultados a água de elevada salinidade não comprometeu a qualidade dos frutos para o mercado. O biofertilizante exerceu ação benéfica às características físicas e químicas de frutos de maracujazeiro irrigado com água de salinidade elevada.
NON INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE SEVERITY OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Ali Kosar , Omer Shirwan , Abdalla Razhan 
Published: May 2019

Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ≥ 25 mm Hg, Pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD is the main cause of increase in pulmonary artery pressure and is thought to result from the combined effects of hypoxia, inflammation and loss of capillaries in severe emphysema. There is a paucity of worldwide data on prevalence and incidence of PH in COPD. There are also wide variations in the reported prevalence rates in the few studies that have been carried out. This is largely due to the definition of PH and the method of measurement of PAPs. The diagnosis of PH relies on Doppler echocardiography, and right heart catheterization is needed in a minority of patients.
Objectives
This cross-sectional study involved 60 patients with COPD. The entire subjects met certain inclusion and exclusion criteria to exclude other possible contributing factors of pulmonary hypertension. All subjects completed a questionnaire, after clinical examination and investigations, the diagnosis of COPD made by a Specialist Physicians in the hospital and Echocardiography was performed by a cardiologist.
Results
The mean age of included patients was 67.1±11.2 years; males were more than females with male to female ratio as 2.75:1, among study sample (48.4%) COPD patients were current smokers, with mean of 54±29 packs/year, mean Spo2 of COPD patients was 89.7±6 %. The Gold staging of COPD patients was distributed as followings; stage I (25%), stage II (33.3%), stage III (21.7%) and stage IV (20%), Pulmonary hypertension (PH) as diagnosed by echocardiography was present among 66.7% of COPD patients. Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among COPD patients in our study was 66.7%. And pulmonary hypertension severity was distributed as followings; mild (37.5%), moderate (32.5%) and severe (30%). Right ventricular hypertrophy was present among 31.7% of COPD patients.
Conclusion
High incidence of pulmonary hypertension among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, pulmonary hypertension severity is related with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and Echocardiography is useful and effective tool for detection of pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MODIFIED MALLAMPATI TEST, INTER-INCIZOR GAP, UPPER LIP BITE TEST, THYROMENTAL DISTANCE AND ALL IN COMBINATION AS PREDICTOR FOR DIFFICULT INTUBATION
Authors: Hussein Taha , Boujan Amir 
Published: May 2019

Background
Patients need to be assessed preoperatively in order to predict difficult intubation, because difficult or failed intubation is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality. Prediction of difficult intubation lowers these risks. Modified mallampati test, upper lib bite test, thyromental distance and inter-incisor gap are used to assess difficult intubation.
Objectives
To find and compare sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of the tests alone and in combination.
Patients and Methods
We used randomized double blinded diagnostic trial for our study. We collected 130 patients of both gender who were aged more than 16 years and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I, II, III. Moreover, the patients underwent elective and emergency operation and required tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. The study was performed at Sulaimani Teaching and Sulaimani Emergency Surgical hospitals. Furthermore, an anesthesiologist assessed the airway and documented the findings and another one did the induction. In addition, induction was standardized for all patients and the anesthesiologist recorded the Cormack and Lehane laryngoscopic view after intubation.
Results
We found that thyromental distance has higher sensitivity (42.9%) for predicting difficult intubation but combination of all the tests increased this percent to 71.4%. Moreover, upper lib bite test had higher specificity (95.7%) to predict easy intubation, even higher than in the combination of all tests. When we combined all of the tests, sensitivity increased significantly but specificity decreased.
Conclusion
Combinations of the tests together are better predictor of difficult intubation than using each test alone.
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ УГОДИЙ ПО ПЛОЩАДЯМ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ТОМСКОГО РАЙОНА
Authors: Пасько Ольга Анатольевна , Захарченко Александр Викторович , Поспелова Екатерина Викторовна 
Published: May 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью оптимизации размеров земельных участков для совершенствования организации использования земель сельскохозяйственного назначения в зоне рискованного земледелия. Цель: анализ сложившегося пространственного распределения площадей хозяйств и земельных участков сельскохозяйственного назначения для выбора путей оптимизации их использования. Объекты: 3309 земельных участков 25 хозяйств, расположенных в Томском районе на юго-востоке Томской области. Методы: аналитический, картографический, корреляционный, регрессионный и кластерный виды анализа. Результаты. Проведен анализ выборки, имеющей 3309 значений площадей земельных участков из 25 хозяйств Томского района, и определены ее основные статистические показатели. Полимодальность выборки и ее несоответствие нормальному распределению определили непараметрические методы анализа. На основе иерархического кластерного анализа предложена таксономия (общие размеры участка, масштаб, стандартизация по близости к региональному стандарту, относительные отклонения от стандарта, относительные размеры и принадлежность к хозяйству) и классификация площадей земельных участков сельскохозяйственного назначения. Установлено, что площади, непригодные и малопригодные (закустаренные) для ведения сельского хозяйства, составляют 44 % от общего количества. Кормовыми культурами занята почти половина земель, садовыми и овощными 7 и 2 % соответственно. Доминируют серые лесные почвы (45 % участков), 14 % участков покрывают светло-серые лесные почвы, а 11 % – все остальные типы. Дерновые глубоко-подзолистые, дерново-глеевые и дерново-глееватые почвы на землях сельскохозяйственного назначения встречаются редко. Положение земельных участков в ландшафте в основном элювиальное (72 % участков) и трансэлювиальное (21 % участков). Менее сотни участков характеризуются супераквальными почвами. Показано, что в Томском районе такие факторы, как тип почв, бонитет почв, положение в ландшафте и хозяйственное назначение не оказывают влияние на размеры площади сельскохозяйственного участка. Установлена линейная зависимость между средней площадью земельного участка и числом участков в хозяйстве, что указывает на их стандартизацию внутри хозяйства. Проведена классификация земельных участков по их площадным размерам и принадлежности к регламенту.