bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate felt‐tip pen brands classification based on a convolutional neural network using data augmentation
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Yang Lei , Chen Ruili , Guo Wei , Han Xun , Zhang Aolin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInk analysis played an important role in document examination, but the limited dataset made it difficult for many algorithms to distinguish inks accurately. This article aimed to evaluate the feasibility of two data augmentation (DA) methods, Gaussian noise data augmentation (GNDA) and extended multiplicative signal augmentation (EMSA), for the classification of felt‐tip pen ink brands. Four brands of felt‐tip pens were analyzed using FT‐IR spectroscopy. Five classification models were used, convolutional neural network (CNN), K‐nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA). The results showed that the datasets generated by GNDA and EMSA are similar to the original datasets and have some diversity. The EMSA method had optimal classification results when combined with CNN, with classification accuracy (ACC), precision (PRE), recall (REC) and F1 score reaching 99.86%, 99.87%, 99.86%, 99.86%, and 99.86%, compared with GNDA‐CNN method (ACC = 80.90%, PRE = 87.34%, REC = 81.62%, F1 score = 79.23%). This study shows that when raw spectral data is small, DA methods can be combined with neural network models to identify ink brands effectively.
Forensic‐geology‐based magnetic analysis of beach sediments from the Shimokita Peninsula, Japan
Authors: Kawamura Noriko , Matsushita Takuya , Itamiya Hiromi , Sugita Ritsuko , Yamazaki Toshitsugu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe occurrences of various illegal activities on beaches require effective geological and environmental investigation methods. Among these methods, the room‐temperature magnetic analysis of soils and sediments represents a nondestructive investigation method for various amounts, types, and grain sizes of magnetic minerals. Here, to verify the usefulness of magnetic analysis in forensic geology research, beach sediment samples from nine sites in the Shimokita Peninsula, Japan, were measured using magnetic analysis to determine the correlations between their concentration‐dependent magnetic parameters and actual regional characteristics. The results revealed that the values of various parameters, namely the low‐field magnetic susceptibility, anhysteretic remanent magnetization, and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM), were relatively higher at sites near Ti and Fe sedimentary ore deposits. Further, thermomagnetometry results revealed that magnetite was the main magnetic carrier of the sediments. Moreover, pyrrhotite was detected around Ti–Fe mine sites. Furthermore, the results of the investigated parameters reflected the regional characteristics of the amount of magnetic minerals in the beach sediments. Low‐temperature IRM curves and the magnetic grain size parameter also displayed sample‐site‐reflective characteristics. Thus, we believe that magnetic analysis represents an effective method for estimating the provenance of beach sediments in forensic geology research.
Score‐based likelihood ratios for barefootprint evidence using deep learning features
Authors: BEng Yi Yang , Tang Yunqi , MEng Junjian Cui , MEng Xiaorui Zhao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs the court put forward higher requirements for quantitative evaluation and scientific standards of forensic evidence, how to objectively and scientifically express identification opinions has become a challenge for traditional forensic identification methods. Score‐based likelihood ratios are mathematical methods for quantitative evaluation of forensic evidence. However, due to the subtle differences in inter‐class barefootprints, there is no automatic barefootprints matching algorithm with high accuracy under large‐scale dataset validation, and there are few studies related to deep learning barefootprint features for evidence evaluation in court. Therefore, score‐based likelihood ratios for barefootprint evidence using deep learning features are proposed by this paper. Firstly, the largest barefootprint dataset (BFD) is constructed, which contains 54,118 barefootprint images from 3000 individuals. Then, an automatic barefootprint feature extraction and matching algorithm is proposed, which achieves a retrieval accuracy of 98.4% on BFD and an AUC of 0.989 for barefootprint validation. Next, Cosine distance, Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance are employed to measure the comparison scores between intra‐class and inter‐class barefootprints using deep learning features in four dimensions of 64, 128, 512 and 1024, respectively. The performance of proposed model is evaluated by comparing the values and the Tippett plot. Finally, simulated crime scene barefootprint samples are constructed to verify the practical application of the proposed method, which provide further support for the quantitative evaluation of barefootprint evidence in court.
Life table and feeding behavior of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at sublethal concentrations of Afidopyropen, Spirotetramat and sulfoxaflor
Authors: Shin So Eun , Koo Hyun‐Na , Kang Yeolgyu , Kim Gil‐Hah 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe green peach aphid Myzus persicae Sülzer is a major insect pest of cruciferous plants, including vegetables such as Chinese cabbage. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of sublethal afidopyropen and spirotetramat concentrations on the survival and reproduction of M. persicae. In addition, we used an electrical penetration graph (EPG) to study the feeding behavior of M. persicae on Chinese cabbage leaves treated with various concentrations of afidopyropen, spirotetramat and sulfoxaflor. The results showed that sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC30) of afidopyropen and spirotetramat significantly decreased adult longevity and fecundity. However, sulfoxaflor had no significant effects. Several population parameters, including the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), mean generation time (T), finite rate of increase (λ), and doubling time (DT), were significantly decreased only at the LC30 of spirotetramat. According to the EPG feeding behavior analyses, when all three insecticides were applied at LC30, the nonpenetration (NP) waveform significantly increased. The above results can be used as basic data for the well‐planned use of insecticides.
Distinct microbial communities associated with health‐relevant wild berries
Authors: Vepštaitė‐Monstavičė Iglė , Lukša Juliana , Strazdaitė‐Žielienė Živilė , Serva Saulius , Servienė Elena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLingonberries (Vaccinium vitis‐idaea L.), rowanberries (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and rosehips (Rosa canina L.) positively affect human health due to their healing properties, determined by a high content of bioactive compounds. The consumption of unprocessed wild berries is relevant and encouraged, making their in‐depth microbiological characterization essential for food safety. This study presents the first high‐throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial and fungal communities distributed on the surface of lingonberries, rowanberries and rosehips. Significant plant‐defined differences in the taxonomic composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiota were observed. The bacterial community on rosehips was shown to be prevalent by Enterobacteriaceae, lingonberries by Methylobacteriaceae and rowanberries by Sphingomonadaceae representatives. Among the fungal microbiota, Dothioraceae dominated on rosehips and Exobasidiaceae on lingonberries; meanwhile, rowanberries were inhabited by a similar level of a broad spectrum of fungal families. Cultivable yeast profiling revealed that lingonberries were distinguished by the lowest amount and most distinct yeast populations. Potentially pathogenic to humans or plants, as well as beneficial and relevant biocontrol microorganisms, were identified on tested berries. The combination of metagenomics and a cultivation‐based approach highlighted the wild berries‐associated microbial communities and contributed to uncovering their potential in plant health, food and human safety.
One‐strength dose escalation of house dust mite depot product for subcutaneous immunotherapy is safe and tolerable
Authors: Jutel M. , Vogelberg C. , Duwensee K. , Troyke D. , Klimek L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergen immunotherapy (AIT) aims at modulating the immune response by administration of allergen preparations at regular intervals over several years (1). For subcutaneous AIT (SCIT), the treatment is initiated with a dose escalation phase followed by a maintenance dose administration. Over the last decade, there has been a trend towards shortening dose escalation regimens to increase patient adherence. This open‐label, phase II trial aimed to investigate the safety and tolerability of a house dust mites (HDMs) SCIT product when used in a newly designed one‐strength dose escalation scheme.MethodPatients, aged 12–65, suffering from HDM‐allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis ± asthma were included. Patients were randomized to the one‐strength (6 injections from the highest strength 3) or the Standard dose escalation regimen (14 injections from strengths 1 to 3) using the HDMs‐SCIT product. All adverse events were reported. Tolerability was assessed on the Likert scale.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three patients were randomized, 79 adults and 64 adolescents. In total, the one‐strength regimen caused more adverse drug reactions (ADRs) than the Standard regimen (p = .0457). With both regimens most ADRs were local reactions which occurred more often in the one‐strength group (p = .0393). But there was no significant difference in the number of patients affected by systemic or serious ADRs between both regimens. No relevant differences occurred between the two age groups and no other risks were observed for adolescents compared to adults.ConclusionThe safety and tolerability of both regimens can be considered comparable, as most ADRs were local reactions, primarily rated as mild in intensity. Nevertheless, the one‐strength regimen caused more ADRs. Reducing the number of injections from 14 to 6 while using only one strength offers the potential to improve patient adherence which further might increase clinical efficacy. Future trials could confirm this hypothesis.
Grit Difference in the Association Between Academic Stress and adolescents' Meaning in Life: The Roles of School Burnout and Self‐Compassion
Authors: Wang Zhiyou , Li Chunkai , Xie Zhe , Hong Oulin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGiven the cultural and educational environment with Chinese characteristics, academic pressure on adolescents' meaning in life maybe weak or insignificant, which is contradictory with previous studies conducted in Western countries; yet the influencing mechanisms in the association of academic stress with the meaning in life is rarely explored.MethodA questionnaire survey was carried out among 616 adolescents aging from 12 to 18 in Jiangsu Province, China. The Macro process method was conducted to test the proposed theoretical model.ResultsThe direct effect of academic stress on adolescent meaning in life was not significant, whereas the indirect effects through school burnout and self‐compassion were significant. Specifically, adolescents who suffer from academic stress are more likely to report increased school burnout and reduced self‐compassion, which affects their meaning in life. Besides, grit significantly attenuated the influence of academic stress on school burnout.DiscussionThere are indeed some psychosocial mechanisms including school burnout, self‐compassion, and grit in the relation between academic stress and the meaning in life. Those findings imply that the advancement and implementation of relevant intervention projects focusing on improving the meaning in life could be realized by reducing their academic stress and school burnout and promoting their ability of self‐compassion and grit.
Understanding the determinants of consumer grocery stockpiling behavior
Authors: Wahdat Ahmad Zia , Lusk Jayson L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGrocery stockpiling is a common behavioral response to the emergence of disasters or heightened uncertainty. Nonetheless, the phenomenon and methods for mitigating it are not well understood. Using a model of household shopping and inventory management, we conceptualize stockpiling as a result of an increase in the fixed cost of making grocery shopping trips, or the opportunity cost of time associated with shopping. In a laboratory experiment, we find that stockpiling increases (decreases) by 78 and 41% (22%) with an increase in fixed costs and price reductions (imposition of purchase limits), respectively. We also find that stockpiling leads to fewer (more) grocery trips by 33 and 22% (36%) under the same three conditions, respectively. Our experiment and subsequent cluster analysis suggest that loss aversion suppresses stockpiling. Our experiment shows that imposing purchase limits, a common retail response to stock‐outs, can trigger stockpiling during shopping trips without purchase limits. Although we do not claim external validity, our study suggests that store managers and policymakers should be careful about solutions during a stockpiling event, such that they do not exacerbate stockpiling, which may disproportionately affect vulnerable groups and disrupt supply chains.
Evaluating a mental health support mobile app for adults with type 1 diabetes living in rural and remote communities: The REACHOUT pilot study
Authors: Tang Tricia S. , Klein Gerri , Görges Matthias , Yip Annie , Fisher Lawrence , Polonsky William H. , Hessler Danielle , Taylor Deanne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate a mobile app that delivers mental health support to adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) living in rural and remote communities using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Intervention fidelity, Maintenance (RE‐AIM) framework.MethodsThis study recruited 46 adults to participate in a 6‐month intervention using REACHOUT, a mobile app that delivers peer‐led mental health support (one‐on‐one, group‐based texting and face‐to‐face virtual). Baseline and 6‐month assessments measured diabetes distress (DD), depressive symptoms and perceived support (from family/friends, health care team and peers) along with other RE‐AIM metrics.ResultsCalculations for reach and adoption found that 3% of eligible adults enrolled in REACHOUT and 55% of diabetes education centres participated in recruitment efforts. Maintenance metrics revealed 56% and 24% of peer supporters and participants, respectively, became peer supporters for a subsequent randomized controlled trial of REACHOUT. Post‐intervention reductions were observed for overall distress (p = 0.007), powerlessness (p = 0.009), management distress (p = 0.001), social perception distress (p = 0.023), eating distress (p = 0.032) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.009); and elevations in support from family/friends and peers. After adjusting for sex and age, only support‐related improvements persisted. When analysing women and men groups separately, women reported lower levels of overall distress, three distress subscales, and higher levels of family/friends and peer support whereas men did not.ConclusionsWhile reach was relatively low, metrics for adoption and maintenance are promising. Improvements in distress were observed for the total sample, but these changes were reduced when controlling for sex and age, with significance maintained only for women. Digital health‐enabled peer support may be instrumental in the delivery of mental health support to geographically isolated communities.
Light‐emitting diode traps in commercial greenhouses: A field study report on Encarsia formosa bycatch
Authors: Grupe Björn , Meyhöfer Rainer 
Published: November 2024

AbstractYellow sticky traps (YSTs) are a standard tool for insect monitoring in greenhouses. These traps have been further developed by using them in combination with green light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) to increase their attractiveness towards pest insects such as aphids and whiteflies. However, also natural enemies, such as the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), are attracted to these traps. This may cause problems with biological control of the pest or may be used for indirect monitoring purposes. Therefore, we compared the attractiveness of YSTs and green (521 nm) LED traps towards E. formosa under practical growing conditions in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) and cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. (Cucurbitaceae), crops in the greenhouse. The aim of the study was to investigate the compatibility of LED traps with this parasitoid frequently used against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The results show LED traps catching less E. formosa than standard YSTs. Moreover, LED traps also showed compatibility with other beneficial insects. The results are discussed in the context of the parasitoid's behaviour towards various green light spectra and in the context of pest and beneficial insect monitoring using different trap types. Our study will help implementing green LED traps in future insect monitoring programmes and developing new pest control strategies without affecting natural enemies.
An Application of Text Embeddings to Support Alignment of Educational Content Standards
Authors: Butterfuss Reese , Doran Harold 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLarge language models are increasingly used in educational and psychological measurement activities. Their rapidly evolving sophistication and ability to detect language semantics make them viable tools to supplement subject matter experts and their reviews of large amounts of text statements, such as educational content standards. This paper presents an application of text embeddings to find relationhips between different sets of educational content standards in a content mapping process. Content mapping is routinely used by state education agencies and is often a requirement of the United States Department of Education peer review process. We discuss the educational measurement problem, propose a formal methodology, demonstrate an application of our proposed approach, and provide measures of its accuracy and potential to support real‐world activities.
Predictors of affective disturbances and cognitive impairment following small spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Jiang Qiuyi , Liu Chunyang , Zhang Hongli , Liu Rui , Zhang Jian , Guo Jinyi , Lu Enzhou , Wu Shouyue , Sun Jianda , Gao Yan , Yang Qiunan , Shi Guangyao , Yuan Chao , Liang Yanchao , Xiang Huan , Wang Lu , Yang Guang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeAffective disturbances and cognitive impairment are common sequelae of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), yet predictive models for these outcomes remain limited, especially for spontaneous supratentorial ICH with small hematomas (<30 mL). The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of affective disturbances and cognitive impairment following small spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 1692 patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH between January 2018 and December 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Of these, 1563 patients completed a median follow‐up of 3.5 years. Cognitive function was evaluated using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, and affective disturbances using the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Restricted cubic spline analyses were employed to examine the relationships between predictors and outcomes.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.5% had cognitive impairment, 52.8% reported depressive symptoms, and 39.4% exhibited anxiety symptoms. Logistic regression models using Boruta's algorithm demonstrated strong predictive capacity, with areas under the curve of 0.82 for cognitive impairment, 0.78 for depressive symptoms, and 0.73 for anxiety symptoms. Hematoma volume was significantly linked to depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38–1.76) and inversely to cognitive impairment (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.59–0.77). Uric acid levels displayed a nonlinear relationship with cognitive impairment (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.81). Hospitalization days significantly raised the risk of both depressive (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.30) and anxiety symptoms (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04–1.31).ConclusionsThe logistic regression model, enhanced by Boruta's algorithm, provides a valuable tool for predicting affective disturbances and cognitive impairment after ICH. It facilitates early identification and improves risk assessment for these neuropsychiatric outcomes in patients with small hematomas.
Epilepsy‐pregnancy registries: An update
Authors: Perucca Piero , Battino Dina , Bromley Rebecca , Chen Lei , Craig John , Hernandez‐Diaz Sonia , Holmes Lewis B. , Koshy Kiren G. , Meador Kimford J. , Menon Ramshekhar N. , O'Brien Terence J. , Pennell Page B. , Zhou Dong , Tomson Torbjörn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis report is the first comprehensive update on the activities of existing epilepsy‐pregnancy registries since 2010. The primary aim of these registries, which were initiated by independent international research groups some 25 years ago, has been to assess the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) in offspring exposed in utero to different antiseizure medications (ASMs). Progress reports are provided here from the five original registries (the International Registry of Antiepileptic Drugs and Pregnancy EURAP, the North American Antiepileptic Drug Pregnancy Registry, the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register, the Kerala Registry of Epilepsy and Pregnancy, and the Raoul Wallenberg Australian Pregnancy Register of Antiepileptic Drugs) plus the more recently initiated West China Registry. Since their inception, the registries have published a wealth of data revealing important differences in risks across the most frequently used ASM treatments, thereby facilitating rational management of women with epilepsy who are of childbearing potential. Although the number of pregnancies enrolled in the different registries has more than doubled since the 2010 report, many questions remain. These include outcomes following prenatal exposure to most of the newer ASMs or different ASM combinations, as well as associations with specific MCMs rather than MCMs as a collective. All the registries, therefore, remain active and continue to enroll pregnancies. Administrative health care databases have been utilized more recently for the assessment of MCM risks and other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with in utero exposure to ASMs. Although these can provide population‐based complementary information, they cannot replace the specific epilepsy‐pregnancy registries with their more detailed validated individual information. Given the multiple newer ASMs that are increasingly used and the continuing multiple knowledge gaps for the older ASMs, epilepsy‐pregnancy registries will continue to play an important role in the future.