bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Falls prevention strategies for patients over 65 years in a neurology ward: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Comino-Sanz Inés María , Sánchez-Pablo Clara , Albornos-Muñoz Laura , Beistegui Alejandre Idoia , Jiménez De Vicuña Marin Maider , Uribesalgo Pagalday Larraitz , Gamarra Santa Coloma Esther 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to promote evidence-based practice with regard to fall prevention and management, by implementing the recommendations from the best available evidence to reduce fall rates.

Introduction:
Falls are a main cause of disability in older people and the most common adverse event in all hospital patients. It is essential to implement the recommendations from evidence-based interventions to reduce these events.

Methods:
A pre and post implementation audit method was used in a neurology ward, which employed the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research Into Practice (GRiP) module. The 15-month project evaluated between 20–30 patients from a sample at each audit (baseline in April 2016 and during three follow-up cycles in December 2016, March 2017 and June 2017). The data were inputted into an informatics system from nursing records and audited according to evidence-based processes and outcomes criteria.

Results:
The baseline outcomes identified five barriers: incomplete fall registration, lack of an established fall prevention protocol for at-risk patients, limited knowledge about the fall prevention protocol, lack of a fall risk assessment scale and lack of multifactorial individual plans for fall prevention. Strategies were carried out and implemented following GRiP and all the criteria improved from baseline.

Conclusions:
The project successfully increased evidence-based practice on falls and provided mechanisms for sustaining evidence-based practice changes. Further audits are needed to improve some outcomes.
Mechanisms of blood pressure control following acute exercise in adolescents: Effects of exercise intensity on haemodynamics and baroreflex sensitivity
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo , Barker Alan R. , Debras Florian , O'Doherty Alexandra , Williams Craig A. 
Published: July 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What are the autonomic and vascular components of the baroreflex during hypotension following different exercise intensities in adolescents?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Hypotension after high‐intensity exercise lasted 60 min, whereas following moderate‐intensity exercise, blood pressure was restored after 20 min. Stroke volume and peripheral resistance responses were different between intensities. Post both exercise intensities, baroreflex sensitivity was lowered mainly due to the autonomic component, which returned to baseline 60 min post‐exercise. The different haemodynamic stimuli indicate potential differences in cardiovascular health benefits of exercise intensity in healthy adolescents.

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate the time course of changes in baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and its vascular and autonomic components after different exercise intensities in adolescents. Thirteen male adolescents (age 13.9 ± 0.5 years) completed on separate days in a counterbalanced order (1) high‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE): 8 × 1 min running at 90% of maximal aerobic speed with 75 s of active recovery; (2) moderate‐intensity interval exercise (MIIE): 10–12 bouts of 1 min running at 90% of gas exchange threshold with 75 s of active recovery; and (3) resting as a control. Supine heart rate and blood pressure were monitored continuously at baseline, and 5 and 60 min following the conditions. A cross‐spectral method (low frequency gain; LFgain) was used to determine BRS gain. Arterial compliance (AC) was assessed as the BRS vascular component. LFgain/AC was used as the autonomic component. LFgain decreased 5 min post‐exercise bouts (HIIE P < 0.001; MIIE P = 0.002), but returned to baseline at 60 min post‐exercise. AC increased at 5 min post‐exercise for all conditions (P = 0.048), and returned to baseline at 60 min post‐exercise. LFgain/AC decreased 5 min post‐exercise bouts (HIIE P = 0.001; MIIE P = 0.004), but returned to baseline values at 60 min post‐exercise. Mean arterial pressure was lowered by both exercise intensities at 5 min post‐exercise, but remained decreased at 60 min post‐exercise following HIIE only. In conclusion, BRS decreases 5 min following exercise in adolescents independent of exercise intensity and is mainly driven by a lowered autonomic response. At 60 min post‐exercise, the ability of BRS to regulate blood pressure is restored after MIIE but not after HIIE, indicating exercise intensity‐dependent mechanisms.
Protocol for a systematic review of research on HPV and cervical cancer in Ghana, up until the year 2017: informing research and policy direction on cervical cancer prevention in Ghana
Authors: Awua Adolf Kofi , Doe Edna Dzifa 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionFor a country that lacks a national cervical cancer screening/prevention programme, there is the need to assess the volume of country-specific information, and the status of research on HPV and cervical cancer, in order to provide evidence that will inform policy and further research. The aim of this protocol is to plan an intended systematic review, which is to identify research gaps, prevent unnecessary duplication of work and enable collaboration.Methods and analysisThis protocol, developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols statement and registered by PROSPERO (CRD42017075583), will apply a 13-point eligibility criteria to screening and selecting peer-reviewed research articles and grey literature. These will be obtained from searches in databases, including, among others, those of the National Centre for Biotechnology Information, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar and the digital collections database of research publications of Universities in Ghana. Collected data will be aggregated and summarised according to emerging themes and simple descriptive statistics.Ethics and disseminationThe study will use publicly available data and will not identify authors of the publication by name. In light of these and as has been indicted, research ethics clearance is not required for evidence syntheses in such reviews. The review will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at local and internal conferences as the opportunity becomes available.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017075583.
Organisational interventions designed to reduce caesarean section rates: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Hutchinson Alison M , Nagle Cate , Kent Bridie , Bick Debra , Lindberg Rebecca 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionThere is a growing body of evidence to indicate that both primary and subsequent caesarean sections are associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity. Efforts to reduce the number of clinically unnecessary caesarean sections are urgently required. Our objective is to systematically review published evidence on the effectiveness of maternity service organisational interventions, such as models of maternity care, that aim to reduce caesarean section rates.Methods and analysisDatabases will be searched, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, Maternity and Infant Care, EMBASE and SCOPUS. Search terms related to caesarean section and organisational intervention will be used. Research published before 1980 will be excluded and only randomised controlled trials, cluster-randomised controlled trials, quasi-randomised controlled trials, controlled before and after studies and interrupted time series studies will be included. Data extraction and quality assessments will be undertaken by two authors.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this systematic review. The results of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and presentation at professional conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016039458.
What can we learn from top-cited articles in inflammatory bowel disease? A bibliometric analysis and assessment of the level of evidence
Authors: Azer Samy A , Azer Sarah 
Published: July 2018

Background and objectivesDespite increasing number of publications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to evaluate the significance of highly cited articles. Our objectives were to identify the top-cited articles in IBD, assessing their characteristics and determining the quality of evidence provided by these articles.Design and outcome measuresIBD and related terms were used in searching the Web of Science to identify English language articles. The 50 top-cited articles were analysed by year, journal impact factor (JIF), authorship, females in authorship, institute, country and grants received. The level of evidence was determined using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines.ResultsThe number of citations varied from 871 to 3555 with a total of 74 638, and a median 1339.50 (IQR=587). No correlations were found between the number of citations and number of years since publication (r=0.042, p=0.771), JIF (r=0.186, p=0.196), number of authors (r=0.061, p=0.674), females in authorship (r=0.064, p=0.661), number of institutes (r=0.076, p=0.602), number of countries (r=0.101, p=0.483) or number of grants (r=−0.015, p=0.915). The first authors were from the USA (n=24), the UK (n=6), Germany (n=5), France (n=5), Belgium (n=3) and Canada (n=3). The levels of evidence were 12 articles at level 1b, 9 articles at level 3a and 15 articles at level 3b and fewer were at other levels.ConclusionsResearch papers represented 66% of articles. The majority of items have reasonably high levels of evidence, which may have contributed to the higher number of citations. The study also shows a gender gap in authorship in this area.
Effect of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes on preventable hospital admissions: a retrospective cohort study in Japan
Authors: Sasabuchi Yusuke , Matsui Hiroki , Kotani Kazuhiko , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: July 2018

Background and objectivesThe Kumamoto earthquakes struck Kumamoto prefecture, in the southwest part of Japan in April 2016. Physical and mental disorders presenting to hospital increased after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. Impaired access to primary care due to the earthquakes may have contributed to this increase. However, it is not known whether the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes affected access to primary care. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes on short-term health conditions by analysing ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs), using administrative data from Kumamoto prefecture.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingResidents enrolled in National Health Insurance or Late Elders’ Health Insurance from Kumamoto prefecture, Japan.ParticipantsAll hospital admissions due to ACSCs between 15 March and 16 May in each year from 2013 to 2016.Outcome measuresACSCs are defined as conditions for which appropriate primary care interventions could prevent admission to the hospital.ResultsWe identified a total of 7921, 18 763 and 85 436 admissions for vaccine, acute and chronic preventable ACSCs, respectively, during the study period. Admissions within 7 days after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes increased to 32.6% (10.2, 59.5), 44.1% (27.0, 63.5) and 27.7% (20.2, 35.6) for vaccine-preventable, acute and chronic ACSCs, respectively. However, admissions for ACSCs did not change significantly 30 days after the earthquakes.ConclusionThe 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes were associated with increased hospital admissions for ACSCs. The impact of the earthquakes on admissions for ACSCs did not persist for more than 7 days.
A Refined Definition for Groups of Moving Entities and Its Computation
Authors: van Kreveld Marc , Löffler Maarten , Staals Frank , Wiratma Lionov 
Published: July 2018

One of the important tasks in the analysis of spatio-temporal data collected from moving entities is to find a group: a set of entities that travel together for a sufficiently long period of time. Buchin et al.2 introduce a formal definition of groups, analyze its mathematical structure, and present efficient algorithms for computing all maximal groups in a given set of trajectories. In this paper, we refine their definition and argue that our proposed definition corresponds better to human intuition in certain cases, particularly in dense environments. We present algorithms to compute all maximal groups from a set of moving entities according to the new definition. For a set of [Formula: see text] moving entities in [Formula: see text], specified by linear interpolation in a sequence of [Formula: see text] time stamps, we show that all maximal groups can be computed in [Formula: see text] time. A similar approach applies if the time stamps of entities are not the same, at the cost of a small extra factor of [Formula: see text] in the running time, where [Formula: see text] denotes the inverse Ackermann function. In higher dimensions, we can compute all maximal groups in [Formula: see text] time (for any constant number of dimensions), regardless of whether the time stamps of entities are the same or not. We also show that one [Formula: see text] factor can be traded for a much higher dependence on [Formula: see text] by giving a [Formula: see text] algorithm for the same problem. Consequently, we give a linear-time algorithm when the number of entities is constant and the input size relates to the number of time stamps of each entity. Finally, we provide a construction to show that it might be difficult to develop an algorithm with polynomial dependence on [Formula: see text] and linear dependence on [Formula: see text].
Distribution of strontium isotopes in river waters across the Tarim Basin: a map for migration studies
Authors: Wang Xueye , Tang Zihua , Dong Xinxin 
Published: July 2018

As the junction of the Silk Roads, the Tarim Basin played a critical role in human migration and cultural interaction between the East and the West. Recently, population migration patterns have been increasingly reconstructed from strontium isotope ratios (
87
Sr/
86
Sr) in archaeological human skeletons, and further constraints on their provenance require a bioavailable
87
Sr/
86
Sr map across the basin. Based on measurement data from 44 river samples in this study and 29 samples from published data, we generate the first map of bioavailable
87
Sr/
86
Sr values across the Tarim Basin and the neighbouring area. From the baseline map, three geologically distinct regions can be identified: (1) the Yili Block, Tian Shan orogenic belt and northern Tarim Block with lower ratios (0.7105 ± 0.0007 (1σ),
n
= 25); (2) the southern Tarim Block with higher ratios (0.7118 ± 0.0008,
n
= 29); and (3) the eastern Pamir Block with diverse values (0.7110 ± 0.0009,
n
= 19). This map is a promising tool for recognizing the origins of immigrants in the Tarim Basin and may aid understanding of the migration patterns and cultural communication along the Silk Roads.
Muscarinic suppression of ATP-sensitive K+channels mediated by the M3/Gq/11/phospholipase C pathway contributes to mouse ileal smooth muscle contractions
Authors: Wang Ban , Murakami Yuri , Ono Maiki , Fujikawa Saki , Matsuyama Hayato , Unno Toshihiro , Naitou Kiyotada , Tanahashi Yasuyuki 
Published: July 2018

ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels are expressed in gastrointestinal smooth muscles, and their activity is regulated by muscarinic receptor stimulation. However, the physiological significance and mechanisms of muscarinic regulation of KATPchannels are not fully understood. We examined the effects of the KATPchannel opener cromakalim and the KATPchannel blocker glibenclamide on electrical activity of single mouse ileal myocytes and on mechanical activity in ileal segment preparations. To explore muscarinic regulation of KATPchannel activity and its underlying mechanisms, the effect of carbachol (CCh) on cromakalim-induced KATPchannel currents ( IKATP) was studied in myocytes of M2or M3muscarinic receptor-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Cromakalim (10 µM) induced membrane hyperpolarization in single myocytes and relaxation in segment preparations from WT mice, whereas glibenclamide (10 µM) caused membrane depolarization and contraction. CCh (100 µM) induced sustained suppression of IKATPin cells from both WT and M2KO mice. However, CCh had a minimal effect on IKATPin M3KO and M2/M3double-KO cells. The Gq/11inhibitor YM-254890 (10 μM) and PLC inhibitor U73122 (1 μM), but not the PKC inhibitor calphostin C (1 μM), markedly decreased CCh-induced suppression of IKATPin WT cells. These results indicated that KATPchannels are constitutively active and contribute to the setting of resting membrane potential in mouse ileal smooth muscles. M3receptors inhibit the activity of these channels via a Gq/11/PLC-dependent but PKC-independent pathways, thereby contributing to membrane depolarization and contraction of smooth muscles.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We systematically investigated the regulation of ATP-sensitive K+channels by muscarinic receptors expressed on mouse ileal smooth muscles. We found that M3receptors inhibit the activity of ATP-sensitive K+channels via a Gq/11/PLC-dependent, but PKC-independent, pathway. This muscarinic suppression of ATP-sensitive K+channels contributes to membrane depolarization and contraction of smooth muscles.
Advantages and Adversities of the Weighted Toxicity Score
Authors: Vaishampayan Ulka 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
It is imperative to develop a comprehensive toxicity score that will capture, convey, and compare adverse events of agents that are therapeutic options for the same disease state. The weighted toxicity score tool is a valuable aid in the shared decision-making process of therapeutic choice between patients and providers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 4918–20. ©2018 AACR.
See related article by Carbini et al., p. 4968
Clusterin, a Novel DEC1 Target, Modulates DNA Damage–Mediated Cell Death
Authors: Ming Xin , Bao Chenyi , Hong Tao , Yang Ying , Chen Xinbin , Jung Yong-Sam , Qian Yingjuan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Differentiated embryonic chondrocyte expressed gene 1 (DEC1, also known as Sharp2/Stra13/BHLHE40) is a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor that plays an important role in circadian rhythms, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cellular senescence, hypoxia response, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells. Secretory clusterin (sCLU) is a cytoprotective protein that guards against genotoxic stresses. Here, clusterin (CLU) was identified as a novel target gene of DEC1 and suppresses DNA damage–induced cell death in tumor cells. Mechanistically, based on chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays, DEC1 binds to and activates the promoter of the CLU gene. DEC1 and DNA-damaging agents induce sCLU expression, whereas DEC1 knockdown decreases the expression of sCLU upon DNA damage. Moreover, the data demonstrate that DEC1 inhibits, whereas sCLU knockdown enhances, DNA damage–induced cell death in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Given that DEC1 and sCLU are frequently overexpressed in breast cancers, these data provide mechanistic insight into DEC1 as a prosurvival factor by upregulating sCLU to reduce the DNA damage–induced apoptotic response. Together, this study reveals sCLU as a novel target of DEC1 which modulates the sensitivity of the DNA damage response.
Implications: DEC1 and sCLU are frequently overexpressed in breast cancer, and targeting the sCLU-mediated cytoprotective signaling pathway may be a novel therapeutic approach. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1641–51. ©2018 AACR.
Tumor Suppressor Activity of Selenbp1, a Direct Nkx2-1 Target, in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Caswell Deborah R. , Chuang Chen-Hua , Ma Rosanna K. , Winters Ian P. , Snyder Eric L. , Winslow Monte M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The Nkx2-1 transcription factor promotes differentiation of lung epithelial lineages and suppresses malignant progression of lung adenocarcinoma. However, targets of Nkx2-1 that limit tumor growth and progression remain incompletely understood. Here, direct Nkx2-1 targets are identified whose expression correlates with Nkx2-1 activity in human lung adenocarcinoma. Selenium-binding protein 1 (Selenbp1), an Nkx2-1 effector that limits phenotypes associated with lung cancer growth and metastasis, was investigated further. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches demonstrate that Nkx2-1 is required and sufficient for Selenbp1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Interestingly, Selenbp1 knockdown also reduced Nkx2-1 expression and Selenbp1 stabilized Nkx2-1 protein levels in a heterologous system, suggesting that these genes function in a positive feedback loop. Selenbp1 inhibits clonal growth and migration and suppresses growth of metastases in an in vivo transplant model. Genetic inactivation of Selenbp1, using CRISPR/Cas9, also enhanced primary tumor growth in autochthonous lung adenocarcinoma mouse models. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Selenbp1 is a direct target of Nkx2-1, which inhibits lung adenocarcinoma growth in vivo.
Implications: Selenbp1 is an important suppressor of lung tumor growth that functions in a positive feedback loop with Nkx2-1, and whose loss is associated with worse patient outcome. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1737–49. ©2018 AACR.
Circulating Tumor Microparticles Promote Lung Metastasis by Reprogramming Inflammatory and Mechanical Niches via a Macrophage-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Zhang Huafeng , Yu Yuandong , Zhou Li , Ma Jingwei , Tang Ke , Xu Pingwei , Ji Tiantian , Liang Xiaoyu , Lv Jiadi , Dong Wenqian , Zhang Tianzhen , Chen Degao , Xie Jing , Liu Yuying , Huang Bo 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Despite the frequency of lung metastasis and its associated mortality, the mechanisms behind metastatic tumor cell survival and colonization in the lungs remain elusive. Here, we show that tumor cell–released microparticles (T-MPs) from the primary tumor site play a critical role in the metastatic process. The T-MPs remodeled the lung parenchyma via a macrophage-dependent pathway to create an altered inflammatory and mechanical response to tumor cell invasion. Mechanistically, we show that circulating T-MPs readily enter the lung parenchyma where they are taken up by local macrophages and induce CCL2 production. CCL2 recruits CD11b+Ly6Chigh inflammatory monocytes to the lungs where they mature into F4/80+CD11b+Ly6C− macrophages that not only produce IL6 but also trigger fibrin deposition. IL6 and the deposited fibrin facilitate the survival and growth of tumor-repopulating cells in the lungs by providing chemical and mechanical signals, respectively, thus setting the stage for lung metastasis. These data illustrate that T-MPs reprogram the lung microenvironment promoting metastasis. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(9); 1046–56. ©2018 AACR.