bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Circular RNA Panel to Diagnose Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Jian , Wang Meng-chao , Ding Wen-bing , Guo Xing-gang , Xu Jian , Xu Qing-guo , Yang Yuan , Sun Shu-han , Liu Jing-feng , Qin Lun-xiu , Liu Hui , Yang Fu , Zhou Wei-ping 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo explore whether plasma circular RNAs (circRNAs) can diagnose hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), microarray and qPCR were used to identify plasma circRNAs that were increased in HCC patients compared with controls (including healthy controls, chronic hepatitis B, HBV-related liver cirrhosis and HCC patients). A logistic regression model was constructed using a training set (n=313) and then validated using another two independent sets (n=306 and 526, respectively). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. We identified a plasma circRNA panel (CircPanel) containing three circRNAs (hsa_circ_0000976, hsa_circ_0007750 and hsa_circ_0139897) that could detect HCC. CircPanel showed a higher accuracy than AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) to distinguish individuals with HCC from controls in all three sets (AUC 0.863 [95% CI 0.819–0.907] vs 0.790 [0.738–0.842], P=0.036 in training set; 0.843 [0.796–0.890] vs 0.747 [0.691–0.804], P=0.011 in validation set 1 and 0.864 [0.830–0.898] vs 0.769 [0.728–0.810], P<0.001 in validation set 2). CircPanel also performed well in detecting Small-HCC (solitary, ≤3cm), AFP-negative HCC and AFP-negative Small-HCC.Significance of this studyWhat is already known about this subject?The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unsatisfactory.Circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles in HCC and adjacent nontumor liver tissues are significantly different.Plasma circRNAs are enriched, stable and can be biomarkers for various diseases.What are the new findings?The expression of circRNAs in the plasma from HCC patients and chronic hepatitis B is significantly different.Plasma circRNA panel (CircPanel, including hsa_circ_0000976, hsa_circ_0007750 and hsa_circ_0139897) has a higher accuracy than AFP to distinguish individuals with HCC or Small-HCC (solitary, ≤3cm) from controls (healthy controls, chronic hepatitis B and HBV-related liver cirrhosis).CircPanel also performs well in diagnosing AFP-negative HCC and AFP-negative Small-HCC.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Plasma CircPanel can be a diagnostic biomarker in detecting HCC and improves the diagnostic accuracy.
Molecular biogeography and host relations of a parasitoid fly
Authors: Gray David A. , Kunerth Henry D. , Zuk Marlene , Cade William H. , Balenger Susan L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSuccessful geographic range expansion by parasites and parasitoids may also require host range expansion. Thus the evolutionary advantages of host specialization may trade off against the ability to exploit new host species encountered in new geographic regions. Here we use molecular techniques and confirmed host records to examine biogeography, population divergence, and host flexibility of the parasitoid fly,Ormia ochracea(Bigot). Gravid females of this fly find their cricket hosts acoustically by eavesdropping on male cricket calling songs; these songs vary greatly among the known host species of crickets. Using both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers, we (1) describe the geographical distribution and sub-division of genetic variation inO. ochraceafrom across the continental United States, the Mexican states of Sonora and Oaxaca, and populations introduced to Hawaii; (2) demonstrate that the distribution of genetic variation among fly populations is consistent with a single widespread species with regional host specialization, rather than locally differentiated cryptic species, (3) identify the more-probable source populations for the flies introduced to the Hawaiian islands; (4) examine genetic variation and sub-structure within Hawaii; and (5) discuss specialization and lability in host-finding behavior in light of the diversity of cricket songs serving as host cues in different geographically separate populations.
Environmental change effects on life history traits and population dynamics of anadromous fishes
Authors: Chaparro-Pedraza P. Catalina , de Roos André M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMigration, the recurring movement of individuals between a breeding and a non-breeding habitat, is a widespread phenomenon in the animal kingdom. Since the life cycle of migratory species involves two habitats, they are particularly vulnerable to environmental change, which may affect either of these habitats as well as the travel between them. In this study, we investigate the consequences of environmental change affecting older life history stages for the population dynamics and the individual life history of a migratory population. In particular, we use a theoretical approach to study how increased energetic cost of the breeding travel and reduced survival and food availability in the non-breeding habitat affect an anadromous fish population. These unfavorable conditions have impacts at individual and population level. First, when conditions deteriorate individuals in the breeding habitat have a higher growth rate as a consequence of reductions in spawning that reduce competition. Second, population abundance decreases, and its dynamics change from stable to oscillations with a period of four years. The oscillations are caused by the density-dependent feedback between individuals within a cohort through the food abundance in the breeding habitat, which results in alternation of a strong and a weak cohort. Our results explain how environmental change, by affecting older life history stages, has multiple consequences for other life stages and for the entire population. We discuss these results in the context of empirical data and highlight the need for mechanistic understanding of the interactions between life history and population dynamics in response to environmental change.
Nonlinear mixed selectivity supports reliable neural computation
Authors: Johnston W. Jeffrey , Palmer Stephanie E. , Freedman David J. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryNeuronal activity in the brain is variable, yet both perception and behavior are generally reliable. How does the brain achieve this? Here, we show that the conjunctive coding of multiple stimulus features, commonly known as nonlinear mixed selectivity, may be used by the brain to support reliable information transmission using unreliable neurons. Nonlinear mixed selectivity (NMS) has been observed widely across the brain, from primary sensory to decision-making to motor areas. Representations of stimulus features are nearly always mixed together, rather than represented separately or with only additive (linear) mixing, as in pure selectivity. NMS has been previously shown to support flexible linear decoding for complex behavioral tasks. Here, we show that NMS has another important benefit: it requires as little as half the metabolic energy required by pure selectivity to achieve the same level of transmission reliability. This benefit holds for sensory, motor, and more abstract, cognitive representations. Further, we show experimental evidence that NMS exists in the brain even when it does not enable behaviorally useful linear decoding. This suggests that NMS may be a general coding scheme exploited by the brain for reliable and efficient neural computation.
The model of local axon homeostasis - explaining the role and regulation of microtubule bundles in axon maintenance and pathology
Authors: Hahn Ines , Voelzmann André , Liew Yu-Ting , Costa-Gomes Beatriz , Prokop Andreas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAxons are the slender, cable-like, up to meter-long projections of neurons that electrically wire our brain and body. In spite of their challenging morphology, they usually need to be maintained for an organism’s lifetime. This makes them key lesion sites in pathological processes of ageing, injury and neurodegeneration. The morphology and physiology of axons crucially depends on the parallel bundles of microtubules (MTs), running all along to form their structural backbones and highways for life-sustaining cargo transport and organelle dynamics. Understanding how these bundles are formed and then maintained will provide important explanations for axon biology and pathology. Currently, much is known about MTs and the proteins that bind and regulate them, but very little about how they functionally integrate to regulate axons. As an attempt to bridge this important knowledge gap, we explain here the model of local axon homeostasis, based on our own experiments and published data. (1) As the default, we observe that axonal MTs have a strong bias to become disorganised, likely caused by the physical forces imposed by motor proteins and their life-sustaining functions during intra-axonal transport and dynamics. (2) Preventing MT disorganisation and promoting their bundled conformation, requires complex machinery involving most or even all major classes of MT-binding and - regulating proteins. As will be discussed, this model offers new explanations for axonopathies, in particular those linking to MT-regulating proteins and motors; it will hopefully motivate more researchers to study MTs, and help to decipher the complex regulatory networks that can explain axon biology and pathology.
Mapping the steroid response to major trauma from injury to recovery: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Foster Mark A. , Taylor Angela E. , Hill Neil E. , Bentley Conor , Bishop Jon , Gilligan Lorna C. , Shaheen Fozia , Bion Julian F. , Fallowfield Joanne L. , Woods David R. , Bancos Irina , Midwinter Mark M. , Lord Janet M. , Arlt Wiebke 
Published: March 2019

AbstractContextSurvival rates after severe injury are improving, but complication rates and outcomes are variable.ObjectiveThis cohort study addressed the lack of longitudinal data on the steroid response to major trauma and during recovery.DesignWe undertook a prospective, observational cohort study from time of injury to six months post-injury at a major UK trauma centre and a military rehabilitation unit, studying patients within 24 hours of major trauma (estimated New Injury Severity Score (NISS) >15).Main outcome measuresWe measured adrenal and gonadal steroids in serum and 24-h urine by mass spectrometry, assessed muscle loss by ultrasound and nitrogen excretion, and recorded clinical outcomes (ventilator days, length of hospital stay, opioid use, incidence of organ dysfunction and sepsis); results were analysed by generalized mixed-effect linear models.FindingsWe screened 996 multiple injured adults, approached 106, and recruited 95 eligible patients; 87 survived. We analysed all male survivors <50 years not treated with steroids (N=60; median age 27 [interquartile range 24-31] years; median NISS 34 [29-44]). Urinary nitrogen excretion and muscle loss peaked after one and six weeks, respectively. Serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate decreased immediately after trauma and took two, four and more than six months, respectively, to recover; opioid treatment delayed dehydroepiandrosterone recovery in a dose-dependent fashion. Androgens and precursors correlated with SOFA score and probability of sepsis.ConclusionThe catabolic response to severe injury was accompanied by acute and sustained androgen suppression. Whether androgen supplementation improves health outcomes after major trauma requires further investigation.PrécisA cohort study in male survivors of major trauma revealed acute and sustained androgen suppression and protein catabolism including muscle loss. Serum androgens correlated with probability of sepsis.
Effective concentrations enforced by intrinsically disordered linkers are governed by polymer physics
Authors: Sørensen Charlotte S. , Kjaergaard Magnus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMany multidomain proteins contain disordered linkers that regulate inter-domain contacts, and thus the effective concentrations that govern intra-molecular reactions. Effective concentrations are rarely measured experimentally and therefore little is known about how they relate to linker architecture. We have directly measured the effective concentrations enforced by disordered protein linkers using a new fluorescent biosensor. We show that effective concentrations follow simple geometric models based on polymer physics, offering an indirect method to probe the structural properties of the linker. The compaction of the disordered linker depends not only on net charge, but also on the type of charged residues. In contrast to theoretical predictions, we found that polyampholyte linkers can contract to similar dimensions as globular proteins. Hydrophobicity has little effect in itself, but aromatic residues lead to strong compaction likely through π-interactions. Finally, we find that the individual contributors to chain compaction are not additive. This work represents perhaps the most systematic study of the relationship between sequence and structure of intrinsically disordered proteins so far. A quantitative understanding of the relationship between effective concentration and linker sequence will be crucial for understanding disorder-based allosteric regulation in multidomain proteins.
The nonlinear characteristics of Chinese stock index futures yield volatility
Authors: Wang Xuebiao , Wang Xi , Li Bo , Bai Zhiqi 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider that the model of volatility characteristics is more reasonable and the description of volatility is more explanatory.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of market yield volatility based on the five-minute trading data of the Chinese CSI300 stock index futures from 2012 to 2017 by Hurst index and GPH test, A-J and J-O Jumping test and Realized-EGARCH model, respectively. The results show that the yield fluctuation rate of CSI300 stock index futures market has obvious non-linear characteristics including long memory, jumpy and asymmetry.

Findings
This paper finds that the LHAR-RV-CJ model has a better prediction effect on the volatility of CSI300 stock index futures. The research shows that CSI300 stock index futures market is heterogeneous, means that long-term investors are focused on long-term market fluctuations rather than short-term fluctuations; the influence of the short-term jumping component on the market volatility is limited, and the long jump has a greater negative influence on market fluctuation; the negative impact of long-period yield is limited to short-term market fluctuation, while, with the period extending, the negative influence of long-period impact is gradually increased.

Research limitations/implications
This paper has research limitations in variable measurement and data selection.

Practical implications
This study is based on the high-frequency data or the application number of financial modeling analysis, especially in the study of asset price volatility. It makes full use of all kinds of information contained in high-frequency data, compared to low-frequency data such as day, weekly or monthly data. High-frequency data can be more accurate, better guide financial asset pricing and risk management, and result in effective configuration.

Originality/value
The existing research on the futures market volatility of high frequency data, mainly focus on single feature analysis, and the comprehensive comparative analysis on the volatility characteristics of study is less, at the same time in setting up the model for the forecast of volatility, based on the model research on the basic characteristics is less, so the construction of a model is relatively subjective, in this paper, considering the fluctuation characteristics of the model is more reasonable, characterization of volatility will also be more explanatory power. The difference between this paper and the existing literature lies in that this paper establishes a prediction model based on the basic characteristics of market return volatility, and conducts a description and prediction study on volatility.
Analysis of manual data collection in maintenance context
Authors: Mahlamäki Katrine , Nieminen Marko 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify details of technological, organizational and people (TOP) factors affecting maintenance technicians’ use of computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) in manual collection of asset data.

Design/methodology/approach
In addition to TOP factor details, results from six case studies in Finland, India and the Caribbean are presented. Interviews and observations clarify the role of TOP factors in CMMS use in industrial maintenance.

Findings
In total, 17 detailed TOP factors are identified and criteria for analyzing CMMS contexts with them are defined. Analyzing the cases with these factors reveals that technicians who collect good quality data have received good training and instructions for the CMMS, are competent, and understand how manually collected data benefits them in their own work. However, even these sites struggle with the usability of the CMMS.

Research limitations/implications
The 17 TOP factors and the criteria for CMMS evaluation extend understanding on context and usability in manual data collection. Case study method does not imply the relative importance of the TOP factors, which calls for future research using quantitative methods.

Practical implications
Management can use the criteria to analyze the context of manual data collection for improvements, e.g., in CMMS usability.

Originality/value
Insights from industrial environments and a new way of studying contextual factors of CMMS use are presented. The results extend a data quality research framework with details to manual data collection and define the TOP factors in CMMS context.
Core self-evaluations, perceived organizational support, and work-related well-being
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Hsien , Wang Yung-Chuan , Huang Jie-Tsuen 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a moderated mediation model involving core self-evaluations (CSE), perceived organizational support (POS) and work-related well-being in terms of job burnout and job satisfaction. Drawing on conservation of resources theory, the authors examine the mediating effect of job burnout on the relationship between CSE and job satisfaction, while also investigating the moderating role of POS on the above effect.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were collected from a sample of 396 full-time employees from four restaurant and food service companies in Taiwan. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses.

Findings
The results show that job burnout partially mediates the relationship between CSE and job satisfaction. Moreover, the results indicate that POS moderates the negative relationship between CSE and job burnout, as well as the mediated relationship between CSE and job satisfaction via job burnout. Specifically, both the CSE-job burnout relationship and the CSE-job burnout-job satisfaction relationship become stronger for employees with high POS than for those with low POS.

Practical implications
The results highlight the importance of raising employees’ POS by creating a supportive work environment in organizations, because it can serve as an important job resource that complements the impact of employees’ CSE on their work-related well-being.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by suggesting that work-related well-being should be viewed as the results of interplay between personal characteristics and perceptions of the work environment, highlighting the importance of the person-environment interaction in explaining employees’ work-related well-being.
Antecedents of ethical infrastructures against workplace bullying
Authors: Einarsen Kari , Salin Denise , Einarsen Ståle Valvatne , Skogstad Anders , Mykletun Reidar Johan 
Published: March 2019

PurposeDrawing on the resource-based view, the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the level of the organization’s human resource management (HRM) practices, perceived financial resources and organizational size predict the existence of a well-developed ethical infrastructure against workplace bullying.Design/methodology/approachThe human resource (HR) managers or the main health and safety representatives (HSRs) in 216 Norwegian municipalities responded to an electronic survey, representing some 50 percent of the municipalities.FindingsThe level of high-quality HRM practice predicted the existence of an ethical infrastructure against workplace bullying, particularly informal systems represented by a strong conflict management climate. Perceived financial resources did not predict the existence of such ethical infrastructure. Organizational size predicted the existence of policies and having training against bullying.Practical implicationsThis study informs practitioners about organizational resources associated with organization having a well-developed ethical infrastructure against workplace bullying. A high level of high-quality HRM practices seems to be more important for the existence of a well-developed ethical infrastructure against workplace bullying compared to financial resources and organizational size, at least as perceived by HR managers and HSRs.Originality/valueThis study provides empirical evidence for the importance of having a high level of high-quality HRM practices as predictors of the existence of ethical infrastructure to tackle workplace bullying. An essential finding is that the existence of such an infrastructure is not dependent on distal resources, such as organizational size and perceived financial resources.
Understanding the effects of empowering, transformational and ethical leadership on promotive and prohibitive voice
Authors: Jada Umamaheswara Rao , Mukhopadhyay Susmita 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare the direct and indirect effects of transformational, ethical and empowering leadership (EL) on promotive and prohibitive voice behavior. The study also explores the mediating effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) and moderating effects of individual power distance orientation (IPDO) in the hypothesized model. The research conducted attempts to identify the most suitable leadership style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior in service sector organizations in India.Design/methodology/approachPurposive and snowball sampling was used for data collection. Necessary condition analysis (NCA) was conducted to identify the most suitable style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior. The results NCA were later verified using the structural equation modeling technique.FindingsResults of the study displayed the supremacy of EL style in promoting high-quality LMX and “promotive and prohibitive” voice over transformational and ethical leadership in Indian service organizations. Considering the overall results of the study, EL appears to be the most suitable style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice in a high power distance country like India.Research limitations/implicationsSelf-reported measures utilized in the study might have affected the findings and hence, should be interpreted with caution.Practical implicationsResearchers propose the adoption of EL style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice in Indian service sector organizations. The researchers also highlight the noteworthy impact of LMX and IPDO on promotive and prohibitive voice behavior, which makes it a point for the leaders to work toward lowering IPDO amongst followers to promote both promotive and prohibitive voice behavior for the growth of an organization.Originality/valueThe study is the first one to conduct a comparative moderated mediated examination to analyze the effects of transformational, ethical and EL in encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior in Indian organizations.