bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difficult variations: Saadi Youssef’s impossible returns
Authors: Antoon Sinan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article traces the dialectics of exile and return in some of the late poems Saadi Youssef, the most important Iraqi poet in the last half century and one of the pioneers of modern Arabic poetry. It pays particular attention to the effects the Anglo-American invasion of 2003 and the disintegration and dismemberment of Iraq on Youssef’s poetic discourse and the ways in which he attempts to reconstruct and represent a vanishing homeland and articulate his relationship to its landscape. It addresses Youssef’s poetic conversations with Muḥammad Mahdīal-Jawāhirī (1899–1997), another great Iraqi poet who, like Youssef, lived much of his life exiled from Iraq.
Book Reviews
Authors: Walter Alissa , Abboud Samer , Farhan Sara , Maggiolini Paolo , Noorbaksh Mehdi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The Ba‘thification of Iraq: Saddam Hussein’s Totalitarianism, Aaron M. Faust (2015) Austin: University of Texas Press, 320 pp., ISBN: 9781447305577, h/bk, $55.00, p/bk, $29.95
Islamic Traditions of Refuge in the Crises of Iraq and Syria, Tahir Zaman (2016) London: Palgrave, Series: Religion and Global Migrations, 225 pp., ISBN: 9781137550057, h/bk, $59.99
Iraq: A History, John Robertson (2016) London: One World Publishers, 400 pp., ISBN: 978-1780749495, p/bk, $24.99
The Glubb Reports: Glubb Pasha and Britain’s Empire Project in the Middle East. 1920–1956, Tancred Bradshaw (2016) Britain and the World, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 208 pp., ISBN: 9781137380104, h/bk, $100.00
The Emergence of Modern Shi’ism: Islamic Reform in Iraq and Iran, Zackery M. Heern (2015) London: One World Publication, 220 pp., ISBN: 9781780744964, p/bk, $30.00
Tsukemono – crunchy pickled foods from Japan: A case study of food design by gastrophysics and nature
Authors: Mouritsen Ole G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Tsukemono is a Japanese word for pickled foods. They are as central to Japanese food culture as are cooked rice, dashi and soy sauce, and an integral part of the traditional Japanese cuisine in the daily fare as well as in formal meals. Tsukemono preparation covers a wide range of preservation and conservation techniques, including fermentation, and it is applied to vegetables and fruits as well as flowers. This article describes what tsukemono are, their history, the different kinds of tsukemono and the associated preparation techniques, as well as traditional and modern uses. A particular focus is on how the sensory design of the flavour and texture of tsukemono is based on the gastrophysics behind the culinary techniques used and the natural appearance of vegetables and fruits. Some nutritional and health aspects are discussed as well as aesthetic appearance.
Rome, Open City: Before and after Neorealism
Authors: Forgacs David 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The article reconstructs how Roberto Rossellini’s Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (1945) film looked to its earliest reviewers and critics in 1945–47, before it became identified as the founding film of Neorealism, and how it has come to look since the 1970s, since the critical paradigm centred on the concept of Neorealism started to come apart. By focusing attention on how the film was received before the rise and after the fall of that paradigm, we can see how the category of Neorealism served to isolate and privilege one particular set of aesthetic properties and interpretive-evaluative categories (raw, authentic, quasi-documentary) while deflecting attention from others (melodrama, spectacle of violence). It also directed attention away from the film’s political functions, notably that of rehabilitating Italy and Italians after two decades of fascism. These functions were perceived in some (not all) of the early reviews, both American and Italian, but they have become more visible to recent viewers and critics.
The reception of Rome, Open City in France (1946–68): Realism for the elites, revolution for the people
Authors: Coladonato Valerio 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In the years between the end of the Second World War and 1968, Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (Rossellini, 1945) became a key point of reference in a number of French cultural, aesthetic and political debates. This article analyses the film’s reception across popular audiences and cultured elites, making use of historical sources beyond specialist film journals (such as articles from the generalist press, promotional booklets, educational sheets, box office records) that help to contextualize the film’s shifting cultural significance. Three moments in particular are taken into account: Rome, Open City’s presentation at the Cannes Film Festival and its theatrical release (1946–47), during which its perceived ‘truth’ was indicated as its foremost quality; the diminished visibility of the film in the 1950s within the framework of the institutionalization of the politique des auteurs; and the reactivation of the memory of the Resistance in the period leading up to the events of May 1968.
Death and the gaze in Rome, Open City
Authors: Parigi Stefania 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The article aims to confront the representation of death in Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (Rossellini, 1945). Leaving aside the relationship between real death and fictional death, by which is meant the direct link between the film and historical events (already widely analysed by scholars), the essay employs the epic and heroic dimensions in relation to the narration of death; analyses the representation of the foreigner as a bearer of death; focuses, therefore, on the gaze with which Roberto Rossellini observes death, on the spaces and times of the killings; highlights the symbolic and mythological dimension of the film; and, finally, confronts the figure of the scapegoat and the processes of elaboration of memory and mourning.
Re-reading Marina: Sexuality, materialism and the construction of Italy
Authors: Holdaway Dom , Missero Dalila 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this article, we propose a reading of the historical relevance of Roberto Rossellini’s Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (Rossellini, 1945) in relation to one of the lesser-studied characters: Marina Mari (played by Maria Michi). The character of Marina has been subjected to critical negative responses centred on her narrative function, the betrayal of the Resistance movement or the ‘corrupt’ persona of the actress. We argue that Marina, in fact, embodies the convergence of a series of gender, genre, social and historic dynamics that have exceptional symbolic relevance for Italian cinematic and social history. We begin with an overview of the connection between Rome, Open City and the antifascist, re-foundational rhetoric that emerged after the Second World War, which ‘preserved’ Italian national identity by assigning culpability to the Germans alone. Following this, through a careful re-reading of her narrative function and visual representation, we demonstrate the radicalness of Marina’s sexual and social identity.
Notes on the end of Rome, Open City
Authors: Leavitt IV Charles L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Among the most iconic images in world cinema, the final shot of Roberto Rossellini’s Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (1945) has inspired an effusion of critical commentary but little critical consensus, instead giving rise to opposing interpretations. I argue that the shot, in which the camera pans to follow a band of children as they march on a hillside overlooking the city of Rome, was shaped by a post-war dispute over the fate of Italian children after Fascism. Re-educating and re-claiming these children was felt to be one of the most pressing tasks facing Italy after the war, and I argue that it was this task that Rossellini and his collaborators sought to represent and even to undertake in their film. Thanks to their efforts, the final shot of Rome, Open City facilitated both a compelling confrontation with Italy’s Fascist past and a convincing – if far from straightforward – vision of its post-war future.
Popular culture, performance, persona: Anna Magnani between Rome, Open City and The Rose Tattoo
Authors: Pitassio Francesco 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The article explores the work of Anna Magnani in her most productive period, between Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (Rossellini, 1945) and The Rose Tattoo (Mann, 1955). The article tackles Magnani’s work from three perspectives: in terms of performance, that is, her acting style; in terms of representation, that is, the relationship between a spatial setting and a pattern organizing both narrative and performative components; and in terms of star persona, the way in which media discourse conveyed and construed her personality as both an authentic artist and as an individual. The article posits that Rome, Open City was a turning point in Magnani’s career, and encompassed all the features that marked her following work. By closely reading her films and scrutinizing the media discourse about the actress, as expressed in neglected sources such as newsreels and popular press, the article attempts to shed light on the way in which Magnani’s alleged authenticity was designed.
(Un)dressing authenticity: Neorealist stardom and Anna Magnani in the postwar era (1945–48)
Authors: Rigoletto Sergio 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article focusses on the making of Magnani’s star image during the immediate postwar years (1945–1948). It appraises Magnani’s place within the institutional discourse of Neorealism and unpacks some of the meanings behind a notion that has been frequently associated with Magnani: authenticity. By examining Magnani’s costumes in Roma città aperta (Rome, Open City) (Rossellini, 1945) and in a number of popular comedies of the immediate postwar period alongside some of the clothes worn by the actress in her off-screen appearances, the article traces the distinctive unfolding of a ‘star narrative’ that seems especially concerned with points of origins and essences. The article demonstrates that this unfolding manifests itself through the opening of a space of absence in which, counter-intuitively, the ‘inauthentic’ appears repeatedly confronted.
Book Reviews
Authors: Marcus Millicent , Anatrone Sole , Rushing Robert A. , Hipkins Danielle , Ravesi Giacomo , Trentin Filippo , Audissino Emilio , Bondavalli Simona 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A History of Italian Cinema, 2nd ed., Peter Bondanella and Federico Pacchioni (2017) New York and London: Bloomsbury, 739 pp., ISBN: 9781501307638, p/bk, $39.95
Marvelous Bodies: Italy’s New Migrant Cinema, Vetri Nathan (2017) West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 253 pp., ISBN: 9781557537737, p/bk, $45.00
Muscoli e frac: Il divismo maschile nel cinema muto italiano, 1910–1929, Denis Lotti (2016) Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino, 228 pp., ISBN: 9788849849042, p/bk, €14.00
Peplum: Il cinema italiano alle prese col mondo antico, Francesco Di Chiara (2016) Rome: Donzelli-Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia, 198 pp., ISBN: 9788868434359, p/bk, €21.00
Italian Style: Fashion and Film from Early Cinema to the Digital Age, Eugenia Paulicelli (2016) New York and London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 272 pp., ISBN: 9781441189158, p/bk, £31.99
Imagining: Serialità, narrazioni cinematografiche e fotografia nella pubblicità contemporanea, Stefania Antonioni (2016) Milano: Franco Angeli, 123 pp., ISBN: 9788891743411, p/bk, €16.50
Pasolini Requiem, 2nd ed., Barth David Schwartz (2016) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 720 pp., ISBN: 9780226335025, p/bk, £24.00
La musica alla radio 1924–1954: Storia, effetti, contesti in prospettiva europea, Angela Ida De Benedictis and Franco Monteleone (eds) (2015) Rome: Bulzoni, 418 pp., ISBN: 9788878709713, p/bk, €30.00
Pasolini: Cinema e antropologia, Donatella Maraschin (2014) Bern: Peter Lang AG and Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 296 pp., ISBN: 9783034302555, p/bk, $64.95
Asupan Seng dan Penyembuhan Luka Sirkumsisi
Authors: Prasetyo Bondan 
Published: August 2018

Seng merupakan salah satu mikronutrien yang penting bagi tubuh. Salah satu fungsi seng adalah mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Dari literatur, diketahui prevalensi defisiensi seng pada anak di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan karena pola makan anak di Indonesia yang belum cukup mengandung seng sehingga tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan seng dalam tubuh. Sirkumsisi merupakan salah satu tindakan bedah menimbulkan luka yang cukup menganggu akivitas bahkan berisiko menimbulkan infeksi zat gizi termasuk seng. Penyembuhan luka sirkumsisi yang cepat dan tidak menimbulkan komplikasi infeksi sangat dibutuhkan supaya anak dapat segera kembali beraktivitas normal.
Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin predicts poor outcome in non-selected patients admitted to an intensive care unit
Authors: Bellia Chiara , Agnello Luisa , Lo Sasso Bruna , Bivona Giulia , Raineri Maurizio Santi , Giarratano Antonino , Ciaccio Marcello 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Mortality risk and outcome in critically ill patients can be predicted by scoring systems, such as APACHE and SAPS. The identification of prognostic biomarkers, simple to measure upon admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) is an open issue. The aim of this observational study was to assess the prognostic value of plasma mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) at ICU admission in non-selected patients in comparison to Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHEII) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPSII) scores.

Methods
APACHEII and SAPSII scores were calculated after 24 h from ICU admission. Plasma MR-proADM levels were measured by TRACE-Kryptor on admission (T0) and after 24 h (T24). The primary endpoint was intra-hospital mortality; secondary endpoint was length of stay (LOS).

Results
One hundred and twenty-six consecutive non-selected patients admitted to an ICU were enrolled. Plasma MR-proADM levels were correlated with LOS (r=0.28; p=0.0014 at T0; r=0.26; p=0.005 at T24). Multivariate analysis showed that T0 MR-proADM was a significant predictor of mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.03–1.55; p=0.022). Receiver operating characteristic curves analysis revealed that MR-proADM on ICU admission identified non-survivors with high accuracy, not inferior to the one of APACHEII and SAPSII scores (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.71; 95%CI: 0.62–0.78; p=0.0002 for MR-proADM; AUC: 0.71; 95%CI: 0.62–0.79; p<0.0001 for APACHEII; AUC: 0.8; 95%CI: 0.71–0.87; p<0.0001 for SAPSII).

Conclusions
Our findings point out a role of MR-proADM as a prognostic tool in non-selected patients in ICUs being a reliable predictor of mortality and LOS and support its use on admission to an ICU to help the management of critically ill patients.
Asymptotic Behavior of the Fractional Order three Species Prey–Predator Model
Authors: Sambath M. , Ramesh P. , Balachandran K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this work, we introduce fractional order predator–prey model with infected predator. First, we prove different mathematical results like existence, uniqueness, non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions of fractional order dynamical system. Further, we investigate the local and global stability of all feasible equilibrium points of the system. Numerical results are illustrated as several examples.
Contingent Convertible Bonds for Sovereign Debt Risk Management
Authors: Consiglio Andrea , Zenios Stavros A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We consider convertible bonds that contractually stipulate payment standstill, contingent on a market indicator of a sovereign’s credit worthiness breaching a distress threshold. This financial innovation limits ex ante the likelihood of debt crises and imposes ex post risk sharing between creditors and the debtor. Drawing from literature on contingent contracts, neglected risks, and bank CoCo, we extend prevailing arguments in favor of sovereign CoCo (S-CoCo). We discuss issues relating to their design: which market trigger, market discipline and sovereign incentives, and errors of false alarms or missed crises, and provide supporting evidence with eurozone data and a simple simulation on the use of S-CoCo. We develop a risk management model using these instruments to trade off the expected cost for sovereign financing over a long horizon, with tail risk. The model shows how contingent bonds can improve a country’s debt risk profile. Using Greece as a case study the model illustrates improvements in expected cost vs. tail risk for the country when using contingent debt.
Interaction between an edge dislocation near a circular void within the framework of the theory of strain gradient elasticity
Authors: Davoudi Kamyar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this paper was to consider an edge dislocation near a circular hole within the isotropic theory of gradient elasticity. The stress field is derived with the help of a stress function method. The gradient stresses possess no singularity at the dislocation line. As a result, the image force exerted on the dislocation due to the presence of the hole remains finite when the dislocation approaches the interface. The gradient solution demonstrates a non-classical size effect.
Matrix acidizing: a fouling mitigation process in oil and gas wells
Authors: Pourabdollah Kobra 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Fouling mitigation in underground reservoirs enhances the permeability and the flow capacity of production or injection wells and is carried out by reservoir stimulation methods such as matrix acidizing. This process is known as the most significant method used to improve the production or injection indices of oil and gas wells as well as water and steam wells. Here, different aspects of this process, its chemical advances and novel high-technologies are compared and discussed in order to reveal their advantages and determine under what conditions they are applicable. Knowledge for adapting the proper acid treatment with the well characteristics is another issue that has been considered in this paper. The final goal is to present the state-of-the-art fouling mitigation methods based on novel experiments, simulations and investigations in order to emphasize the engineering aspects of fouling mitigation in oil and gas wells by matrix acidizing.
Association of oxidative stress marker ischemia modified albumin and polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent and young girls
Authors: Kösem Arzu , Tokmak Aytekin , Bodur Serkan , Aksoy Rıfat Taner , Topcuoglu Canan , Turhan Turan , Tasci Yasemin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The pathophysiologic features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) seem to be a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. However, data regarding the exact effect of oxidative stress on PCOS is conflicting. This cross sectional and case-control study was designed to compare the serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in adolescent and young girls with and without PCOS.

Methods
A total of 41 non-obese adolescents and young girls (15–21 years) diagnosed as PCOS and 41 age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls were enrolled to study. The main features of PCOS and markers of chronic inflammation were determined together with serum IMA levels at the time of study enrollment.

Results
The C-reactive protein and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were within the normal ranges and also there were no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Serum levels of IMA were significantly increased in adolescents with PCOS respect to healthy controls (0.44±0.12 versus 0.35±0.10 absorbance units, p<0.001). And also there was a significant positive correlation between serum IMA and BMI in all groups (r=0.274, p=0.013).

Conclusion
Serum IMA levels were higher in PCOS patients than in the healthy controls. This elevation may contribute to the increased cardiovascular diseases risk in PCOS patients.
An unprecedented structural phase transition in struvite-type compounds: dimorphism of KMgAsO4(H2O)6
Authors: Weil Matthias 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The crystal structure of struvite-type KMgAsO4(H2O)6 has been redetermined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data at room temperature. The previous structure model based on powder X-ray diffraction data was confirmed with higher precision and accuracy and with all hydrogen atoms located. KMgAsO4(H2O)6 undergoes a reversible phase transition of the continuous type at 263(2) K, changing the symmetry from orthorhombic to monoclinic. The corresponding Pnm21→P1121 symmetry reduction is of a translationengleiche type with index 2 and was monitored by temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction measurements. Such a phase transition is unprecedented for struvite-type compounds. The crystal structure of the monoclinic polymorph was determined from a two-domain crystal at 100 K. Except for the motion of one of the water molecules towards stronger hydrogen-bonding interactions, structural changes between the two polymorphs are small.
The relationship between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery: a systematic review
Authors: Aghaie Zohreh , Hajian Sepideh , Abdi Fatemeh 
Published: August 2018

Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) are associated with maternal hormonal changes which can lead to pregnancy complications. High lipid levels during pregnancy may be accompanied by an increased risk of spontaneous preterm labor. The purpose of this review was to determine the relationship between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery.
Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases to find cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies on the associations between lipid profiles in pregnancy and preterm delivery. The search results were limited to papers published during 2000-2018. The quality of the selected studies was assessed based on the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Finally, a total of 25 eligible high-quality papers were reviewed.
Results: A high maternal TG level in the first trimester of pregnancy was identified as a significant risk factor for preterm delivery. Low TG, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were uniquely associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. High TC, TG, and LDL-C levels increased the risk of spontaneous preterm labor. A further association was found between high TG and TC levels and an elevated risk of preterm labor before 34 weeks of gestation. The risk of preterm labor before 34 weeks and during the 34th-37th weeks of gestation increased with increasing TG and TC levels. Moreover, overweight women who had a delivery before 34 weeks exhibited significant increases in TC and LDL concentrations during early pregnancy.
Conclusion: Lipid metabolism undergoes complicated changes in pregnancy. Lipid levels (LDL, HDL, TC, and TG) above or below the normal range during pregnancy increase the risk of preterm delivery. Considering the significance of maternal lipid metabolism in the incidence of preterm delivery, lipid profile screening in early pregnancy can largely contribute to the prevention of preterm delivery. Further studies are warranted to meticulously examine the effects of lipid profile on preterm delivery.