bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative evaluation of Korean MMPI‐A and MMPI‐A‐RF Substance Abuse Scales
Authors: White Jacob V. , Han Kyunghee , Weed Nathan C. , Lim Jeeyoung , Moon Kyungjoo , Yook Keunyoung , Kim Ji‐Hae 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to compare psychometric properties of the Substance Abuse (SUB) Scale on the Korean Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Adolescent‐Restructured Form (MMPI‐A‐RF) with those on the Korean MMPI‐A (the Alcohol/Drug Problem Acknowledgment Scale [ACK]), the Alcohol/Drug Problem Proneness Scale [PRO], and the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale‐Revised Scale [MAC‐R]).MethodParticipants consisted of 237 Korean adolescent psychiatric patients whose scores on these measures were compared in terms of internal consistency and predictive validity.ResultsScores on SUB exhibited superior internal consistency to that of the MMPI‐A substance abuse scales. Further, scores on SUB predicted substance abuse more accurately than did the optimal combination of scores on the MMPI‐A substance abuse scales.ConclusionResults provide strong support for the use of the Korean MMPI‐A‐RF SUB scale when assessing substance abuse in Korean youth.
Facilitative interpersonal skills performance test: Psychometric analysis of a German language version
Authors: Munder Thomas , Schlipfenbacher Carina , Toussaint Kyra , Warmuth Mirjam , Anderson Timothy , Gumz Antje 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed at a psychometric analysis of the Facilitative Interpersonal Skills (FIS) performance test, a test of therapist relational skills that has repeatedly been found to predict psychotherapy outcome. We investigated the reliability, unidimensionality, and convergent validity of a German language version and psychometrics relevant for repeated and short assessments.MethodThirty‐nine trainee therapists took the FIS performance test and responded to self‐report scales.ResultsInter‐rater agreement and internal consistency were high. The findings suggest that the FIS is a unidimensional scale. Correlations between the FIS and self‐reported social skills, interpersonal problems, and working involvement were absent to low. FIS performance was independent from specific video stimuli and there was no indication of temporal effects.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the FIS is robust and ready to be used in repeated assessments and in short form. Further conceptual clarification of the FIS is needed.
Effects of Maribavir on P‐Glycoprotein and CYP2D6 in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Song Ivy H. , Ilic Katarina , Murphy Joseph , Lasseter Kenneth , Martin Patrick 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMaribavir is an investigational drug being evaluated in transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection. To understand potential drug‐drug interactions, we examined the effects of multiple doses of maribavir on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) activity using probe substrates in healthy volunteers. During this phase 1 open‐label study (NCT02775240), participants received the probe substrates digoxin (0.5 mg) and dextromethorphan (30 mg) before and after maribavir (400 mg twice daily for 8 days). Serial plasma samples were analyzed for digoxin, dextromethorpha, dextrorphan, and maribavir concentrations. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated (noncompartmental analysis) and analyzed with a linear mixed‐effects model for treatment comparison to estimate geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals (CIs). CYP2D6 polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction. Overall, 17 of 18 participants (94.4%) completed the study. All participants were genotyped as CYP2D6 intermediate/extensive metabolizers. GMR (90%CI) of digoxin Cmax, AUClast, and AUC0‐∞ with and without maribavir was 1.257 (1.139‐1.387), 1.187 (1.088‐1.296), and 1.217 (1.110‐1.335), respectively, outside the “no‐effect” window (0.8‐1.25). GMR (90%CI) of dextromethorphan AUClast and AUClast ratio of dextromethorphan/dextrorphan were 0.877 (0.692‐1.112) and 0.901 (0.717‐1.133), respectively, marginally outside the no‐effect window, although large variability was observed in these pharmacokinetic parameters. Pharmacokinetic parameters of dextrorphan were unaffected. Maribavir inhibited P‐gp activity but did not affect CYP2D6 activity. Maribavir's effect on the pharmacokinetics of P‐gp substrates should be evaluated individually, and caution should be exercised with P‐gp substrates with narrow therapeutic windows.
Global celebrities' effect on health awareness among Jordanians: A study using the case of Angelina Jolie
Authors: Al‐Hussaini Maysa , Ammar Khawlah , Kasasbeh Nour , Sultan Hala , Al‐Omari Amal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCelebrities' health decisions have long been associated with heightened awareness and health trend changes. This is the first study conducted in an Arab population investigating the impact of international celebrity news on local communities using the case of Angelia Jolie's (AJ) prophylactic mastectomy and oophorectomy surgeries. The objective was to measure the effect of publicized medical information on cancer genetic testing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). This is a cross‐sectional study using a semi‐structured, self‐administered questionnaire for clinic visitors at the King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC). We had predominantly female (n = 262, 66.3%) and healthy participants (n = 248, 66.5%). Approximately 80.7% (n = 330) recognized AJ, the actress, and of these, 71% (n = 232) were aware of her recent diagnosis and prophylactic surgeries. Males reported a higher knowledge score (p < .001). However, females had more initiative to seek information (18.3% vs. 10.1%; p = .04). People aware of Angelina's prophylactic procedures were inclined to seek information regarding cancer genetics (20.8% vs. 9.6% p = .003). Breast and ovarian cancer patients were more likely than other cancer patients to encourage family members to undergo prophylactic surgery in case of BRCA1/2 mutations (39.2% vs. 17.1% p = .03). Ninety‐three percent of the sample lacked knowledge regarding the availability of cancer genetic testing in Jordan. Results highlight a clear effect of celebrity medical news on our population, as well as openness to consider genetic testing as an early detection tool for women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Generalization of these results to the population of Jordan requires further studies.
Possible regenerative effects of fingolimod (FTY720) in multiple sclerosis disease: An overview on remyelination process
Authors: Yazdi Azadeh , Ghasemi‐Kasman Maryam , Javan Mohammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFingolimod (FTY720) is a sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) receptor analog, which has been approved as an oral immunomodulator for treating relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. This drug prevents lymphocyte egression from lymph nodes and reduces the infiltration of inflammatory mediators into the central nervous system. Based on its lipophilic nature, FTY720 passes through the blood–brain barrier and can directly affect neural cells. A notably different subtype of S1P receptors expresses in neural cells, which suggests FTY720 is a drug capable of affecting neural cells. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are considered as the primary target cells in MS. Remyelination is a process including the proliferation of neural progenitors and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, their migration to the lesion site and their differentiation to mature oligodendrocytes. Experimental and clinical studies have described the impact of FTY720 on endogenous remyelination elements. In this review, we will explain the current clinical and experimental evidence that exists on the effects of FTY720 on remyelination and the underlying mechanisms.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and post‐stroke depression
Authors: Zhang Eric , Liao Ping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is well known to play a critical role in cognition. Its role in mood disorders, including post stroke depression (PSD), is also recognized with more evidence surfacing. In patients with PSD, their serum BNDF level is lower than in those without depression. Furthermore, antidepressants could enhance BDNF expression in the brain, resulting in an alleviation of depression symptoms. Such therapeutic effect can be abolished in animals with the BDNF gene deleted. In PSD patients, the presence of stroke may contribute to the development of depression, including affecting the expression of BDNF. However, the mechanisms of BDNF in the development of PSD remain largely unknown. Lower BDNF levels may have existed in some patients before stroke onset, making them vulnerable to develop depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, the hypoxic environment induced by stroke could possibly downregulate BDNF expression in the brain. Current antidepressant treatments are not specific for PSD and there is a lack of treatments to address the linkage between stroke and PSD. This review summarizes the current knowledge of BDNF in PSD. By regulating BDNF expression, a synergistic effect may be achieved when such treatments are applied together with existing antidepressants.
Analytical strategy for representative subsampling of Raman‐based robotic planetary exploration missions: The case study of solid dispersions of β‐carotene and L‐cysteine in gypsum
Authors: Demaret Lucas , Hutchinson Ian B. , Eppe Gauthier , Malherbe Cédric 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a commonly applied technique for identifying the molecular nature of the constituents of solid samples. However, the quantification of the intensity associated with a particular molecular solute in solid dispersions requires analytical strategies to integrate the possible microheterogeneity in terms of composition. Many quantitative applications of solid dispersions rely on large spectral datasets. However, analytical procedures with limited data acquisition must be developed in preparation for future robotic planetary exploration missions or for field applications on earth, both of which involve miniaturised instrumentation. Based on statistical models, we evaluate the minimum number of spectra required to deliver robust data for quantitative measurements associated with differing concentrations of β‐carotene or L‐cysteine dispersed in gypsum. In this respect, reference materials were prepared, and we investigated an analytical methodology based on a large, automated multipoint scanning approach enabling the representative interrogation of the samples. We demonstrate from a comprehensive and reproducible model that the intensity associated with different organic contents within a mineral matrix can be estimated from a reduced number of spectra. Calibration curves were established for our reference dispersions of L‐cysteine in gypsum in the range 1–10 wt%, using both confocal benchtop and nonconfocal miniaturised portable instruments. We propose a reference system and a Raman analytical strategy, that is, adaptable for planetary exploration constraints, and which allows quantitative comparison of performance of instrumentation in terms of signal detection.
Preparation and antagonistic effect of ACE inhibitory peptide from cashew
Authors: Shu Yang , Cao Xian‐Ying , Chen Jian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAngiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides were found to alleviate acute hepatitis significantly. In this study, we purified and identified ACE inhibitory peptide from cashew to evaluate its protective role on alcohol‐induced acute hepatitis in mice.RESULTSThe ACE inhibitory peptides were purified by using consecutive chromatographic techniques. One of these peptides (FETISFK) exhibited the highest ACE inhibition rate (91.04 ± 0.31%). In vivo, the results showed that ACE inhibitory peptide decreased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) caused by alcohol exposure. Moreover, it could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). It was also found to down‐regulate markedly the expression of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). It could also decrease the expression of ACE, angiotensin II (AngII) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R).CONCLUSIONThese findings support the view that the ACE inhibitory peptide alleviated acute hepatitis by down‐regulating the ACE–AngII–AT1R axis, broadening the research approach to prevent acute hepatitis, and providing experimental data for the development and utilization of cashews. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Correlation Between Peak Nasal Flow Reversibility and Mucociliary Clearance in Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Kirtsreesakul Virat , Leelapong Jitanong , Ruttanaphol Suwalee 
Published: August 2019

Objectives/HypothesisReversibility of nasal airflow after decongestion measured by rhinomanometry is associated with the severity of allergic inflammation. Peak nasal flow is a simpler alternative method for assessing nasal patency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between changes in peak nasal expiratory and inspiratory flows (PNEFs and PNIFs) after decongestion and nasal mucociliary clearance times (NMCCTs).Study DesignSingle‐center, prospective cross‐sectional study.MethodsOne hundred one allergic rhinitis patients were enrolled. Nasal symptoms and NMCCTs were assessed. PNEF and PNIF were performed before and after decongestion. Correlations between changes in PNEF and PNIF after decongestion and NMCCTs were analyzed. One‐half the standard deviation of baseline peak nasal flows was used to estimate the minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) and discriminate between patients with reversible mucosa and with irreversible mucosa.ResultsPNEF showed more peak flow improvements after decongestion compared to PNIF. Changes in PNEF had better negative correlations with NMCCTs than PNIF (ρ = −0.49, P < .001 and ρ = −0.34, P < .001, respectively). The MCID values of the PNEF and PNIF were 27.93 and 19.74, respectively. In comparisons of NMCCTs between patients with or without MCID of peak nasal flow after decongestion, PNEF had better discrimination ability compared to PNIF (P = .003 and P = .026, respectively).ConclusionsThe limitation of reversibility as measured by peak nasal flows could indirectly point to the affection of mucosal inflammation as indicated by NMCCTs. PNEF is more sensitive to assess peak flow changes after decongestion than PNIF.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 130:1372–1376, 2020
Varied response of underground and aboveground plant matter: functional diversity of three different vegetational types after translocation to reclaimed postindustrial land
Authors: Świerszcz Sebastian , Nobis Marcin , Maślak Magdalena , Smieja Agata , Kojs Paweł , Nowak Sylwia , Nowak Arkadiusz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe indicators of functional diversity are increasingly used to assess the conservation effectiveness of the most valuable habitats. However, little is known about the response of functional traits, their diversity, and divergence in plant communities after translocation. To assess how functional diversity changes on dry heath, meadow, and fen after translocation of entire turfs of vegetation from an airport area to the Botanical Garden in Radzionków, we used leaf–height–seed (LHS) traits (specific leaf area, height, and seed mass) and vegetative traits (bud bank size, bud bank depth, and lateral spread). We also measured community weighted means and multifunctional diversity metrics (functional richness, evenness, and divergence) for all the traits and for LHS and vegetative traits separately. On the basis of our results, we found that the most sensitive type of vegetation to changes in functional diversity is meadow, where an increase in functional evenness and divergence were observed. The functional richness increased also for the LHS traits set in meadow plots. The response to the translocation on dry heath was a decline in functional richness and an upswell of functional evenness and divergence of vegetative reproduction traits. Additionally, we observed changes in community weighted means on meadow and dry heath. Fen was the most resistant to alterations in functional diversity after translocation. Despite the changes in functional diversity and community weighted means being significant, the shift in values of particular indices was not considerable. Our results may provide a better insight into function changes in translocated vegetation plots.
Effects of plantation age and precipitation gradient on soil carbon and nitrogen changes following afforestation in the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Han Xiaoyang , Gao Guangyao , Li Zongshan , Chang Ruiying , Jiao Lei , Fu Bojie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAfforestation of degraded land significantly influences soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (STN) sequestration. The interaction effects of plantation age and climate gradient on SOC and STN changes following afforestation are not well understood. In this study, five sites were selected along a precipitation gradient (410–600 mm yr−1) in the Loess Plateau. The SOC and STN stocks at a depth of 0–200 cm were measured in cropland and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) forests with different plantation ages, that is, young forest (<15 years), middle‐aged forest (15–25 years), and old forest (>25 years). The SOC and STN stocks in the 0‐ to 200‐cm profiles of young forest, middle‐aged forest, and cropland increased significantly with mean annual precipitation (p < .05), whereas the increasing trend of the SOC stocks of old forest was not significant, indicating an age‐dependent change in the SOC and STN stocks across the precipitation gradient. The SOC stock change (∆SOC) following afforestation increased with mean annual precipitation in young forest, but it had a decreasing trend in middle‐aged and old forests. The STN stock changes (∆STN) in the three forests were negative at most sites, and they all decreased along the precipitation gradient. There were significant positive correlations between ∆SOC and ∆STN (p < .01), and 1‐g STN stock accumulation was accompanied by 8.40‐, 6.10‐, and 10.48‐g SOC accumulation for young forest, middle‐aged forest, and old forest, respectively. The different patterns of SOC and STN stock changes should be incorporated into soil C and N modelling and estimation.
Synthesize Hyperbranched Polymers Carrying Two Reactive Handles via CuAAC Reaction and Thiol–Ene Chemistry
Authors: Naguib Hannah , Cao Xiaosong , Gao Haifeng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStructurally defined hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) bearing multiple azido peripheral groups and alkene dangling groups are constructed using the authors' recently developed chain‐growth copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition polymerization (CuAACP) of an alkene‐containing AB2 monomer. Sequential integration of CuAAC and photo‐initiated thiol–ene reactions proves highly efficient and chemo‐selective functionalization of polymers at different placements with quantitative yield of both reactive groups. A variety of HBPs carrying both surface and internal functionalities are then produced, achieving quantitative/ratiometric incorporations of guest molecules in most cases. To demonstrate possible conjugation with bioactive ingredients, well‐defined HBPs decorated with peripheral cysteine moieties are produced as an example, showing pH responsiveness in water.
Evaluating the Performances of Size-Frequency-Based Methods for Estimating Fishing Mortality of Pholis fangi
Authors: Chen Ning , Zhang Chongliang , Sun Ming , Xu Binduo , Xue Ying , Ren Yiping , Chen Yong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Age-structured data are commonly needed in stock assessments but are unavailable for the majority of existing fisheries, while fish size (length or weight) data are most readily accessible and carry critical information of population status. However, the performances of assessment methods based on size-frequency data have been less well understood. This study evaluated the reliability of two size-frequency-based assessment methods in R package, s6model and TropFishR, for estimating the exploitation status of one data-poor stock, Pholis fangi in Haizhou Bay, China. We used both simulation and empirical approaches to compare the performances of the two assessment methods in estimating F and Fmsy and examined their robustness to the stochasticity and amount of sampling data. In the simulation test, s6model and TropFishR yielded satisfactorily accurate and consistent estimates of F and Fmsy. In the empirical test, the estimated stock exploitation status varied substantially among seasons. TropfishR and s6model estimated the F/Fmsy to be 2.40 and 2.05 in spring, respectively, indicating remarkable overfishing, and 0.43 and 0.41 in fall, respectively, indicating an optimistic exploitation level. The reflected pattern was consistent with the fishery characteristics of this species. The s6model method was substantially influenced by sample size and might lead to unreasonable estimations in small samples, whereas TropFishR was relatively robust on the changes of sample size. This study highlighted the usefulness of size-frequency methods in guiding fisheries management and provided references for their applications in data-limited situations.
Multiple System Atrophy With Predominant Striatonigral Degeneration and TAR DNA‐Binding Protein of 43 kDa Pathology: An Unusual Variant of Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Nwabuobi Lynda , Tomishon Darya , Shneider Neil A. , Fahn Stanley , Vonsattel Jean Paul , Cortes Etty 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe pathological hallmark in MSA is oligodendrocytic glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) containing α‐synuclein, in addition to neuronal loss and astrogliosis especially involving the striatonigral and olivopontocerebellar systems. Rarely, TAR DNA‐binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP‐43), a component of ubiquitinated inclusions observed mainly in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration has been demonstrated in cases of MSA and, more recently, was shown to colocalize with α‐synuclein pathology in GCIs in 2 patients.MethodsA 66‐year‐old woman presented with a syndrome characterized by spasticity, dysautonomia, bulbar dysfunction, and parkinsonism. Symptoms progressed until her death at age 74. Neuropathological evaluation was performed at the New York Brain Bank at Columbia University.ResultsOn gross examination, there was striking severe volume loss of the left striatum compared to mild involvement of the right striatum. Microscopically, neuronal loss and gliosis of the putamen and globus pallidus were severe on the left side, in contrast to mild involvement on the right side. Immunohistochemistry for α‐synuclein revealed widespread GCIs. The sections subjected to TDP‐43 antibodies showed a few GCIs with definite nucleocytoplasmic translocation of the labeling within the lenticular nucleus and within the paracentral cortex.ConclusionsThis report adds to the evidence that TDP‐43 and α‐synuclein colocalize in GCIs. Whether this coexistence contributes to the pathogenesis of a subset of MSA patients or is an age‐related process is not known. More cases with these peculiar pathological hallmarks might help determine whether TDP‐43 contributes to neurodegeneration in a subset of patients with MSA.