bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erlotinib plus either pazopanib or placebo in patients with previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer: A randomized, placebo‐controlled phase 2 trial with correlated serum proteomic signatures
Authors: Spigel David R. , Burris Howard A. , Greco F. Anthony , Shih Kent C. , Gian Victor G. , Lipman Andrew J. , Daniel Davey B. , Waterhouse David M. , Finney Lindsey , Heymach John V. , Hainsworth John D. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDThis study compared the efficacy and safety of treatment with erlotinib plus pazopanib versus erlotinib plus placebo in patients with previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODSPatients with progressive‐stage IV NSCLC after either 1 or 2 previous chemotherapy regimens were randomized to receive erlotinib (150 mg by mouth daily) with either pazopanib (600 mg by mouth daily) or placebo. During treatment, patients were evaluated every 8 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After a study amendment, pretreatment serum specimens for the VeriStrat assay were collected. The predictive value of the VeriStrat score (good vs poor) for progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed in the overall population and in each treatment group.RESULTSOne hundred ninety‐two eligible patients were randomized between February 2010 and February 2011. PFS was prolonged with erlotinib plus pazopanib versus erlotinib plus placebo (median, 2.6 vs 1.8 months; hazard ratio, 0.58; P = .001). There was no difference in the OS of the 2 groups. A good VeriStrat score predicted longer PFS and OS in the entire group and predicted longer PFS in the subgroup receiving erlotinib plus pazopanib. The addition of pazopanib increased toxicity, and this was consistent with the known toxicity profile.CONCLUSIONSThe addition of pazopanib to erlotinib in an unselected group of patients with previously treated NSCLC improved PFS and increased treatment‐related toxicity, but it had no influence on OS. The efficacy of both regimens was modest. Patients receiving erlotinib plus pazopanib had longer PFS if they had a good VeriStrat score versus a poor one. Cancer 2018;124:2355‐64. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Autologous transplantation versus allogeneic transplantation in patients with follicular lymphoma experiencing early treatment failure
Authors: Smith Sonali M. , Godfrey James , Ahn Kwang Woo , DiGilio Alyssa , Ahmed Sairah , Agrawal Vaibhav , Bachanova Veronika , Bacher Ulrike , Bashey Asad , Bolaños‐Meade Javier , Cairo Mitchell , Chen Andy , Chhabra Saurabh , Copelan Edward , Dahi Parastoo B. , Aljurf Mahmoud , Farooq Umar , Ganguly Siddhartha , Hertzberg Mark , Holmberg Leona , Inwards David , Kanate Abraham S. , Karmali Reem , Kenkre Vaishalee P. , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Klein Andreas , Lazarus Hillard M. , Mei Matthew , Mussetti Alberto , Nishihori Taiga , Ramakrishnan Geethakumari Praveen , Saad Ayman , Savani Bipin N. , Schouten Harry C. , Shah Nirav , Urbano‐Ispizua Alvaro , Vij Ravi , Vose Julie , Sureda Anna , Hamadani Mehdi 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDEarly treatment failure (ETF) in follicular lymphoma (FL), defined as relapse or progression within 2 years of frontline chemoimmunotherapy, is a newly recognized marker of poor survival and identifies a high‐risk group of patients with an expected 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate of approximately 50%. Transplantation is an established option for relapsed FL, but its efficacy in this specific ETF FL population has not been previously evaluated.METHODSThis study compared autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto‐HCT) with either matched sibling donor (MSD) or matched unrelated donor (MUD) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) as the first transplantation approach for patients with ETF FL (age ≥ 18 years) undergoing auto‐HCT or allo‐HCT between 2002 and 2014. The primary endpoint was OS. The secondary endpoints were progression‐free survival, relapse, and nonrelapse mortality (NRM).RESULTSFour hundred forty FL patients had ETF (auto‐HCT, 240; MSD hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [HCT], 105; and MUD HCT, 95). With a median follow‐up of 69 to 73 months, the adjusted probability of 5‐year OS was significantly higher after auto‐HCT (70%) or MSD HCT (73%) versus MUD HCT (49%; P = .0008). The 5‐year adjusted probability of NRM was significantly lower for auto‐HCT (5%) versus MSD (17%) or MUD HCT (33%; P < .0001). The 5‐year adjusted probability of disease relapse was lower with MSD (31%) or MUD HCT (23%) versus auto‐HCT (58%; P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSPatients with high‐risk FL, as defined by ETF, undergoing auto‐HCT for FL have low NRM and a promising 5‐year OS rate (70%). MSD HCT has lower relapse rates than auto‐HCT but similar OS. Cancer 2018;124:2541‐51. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
A symptom‐based model to predict colorectal cancer in low‐resource countries: Results from a prospective study of patients at high risk for colorectal cancer
Authors: Alatise Olusegun Isaac , Ayandipo Omobolaji O. , Adeyeye Ademola , Seier Ken , Komolafe Akinwunmi O. , Bojuwoye Matthew O. , Afuwape Oludapo O. , Zauber Ann , Omisore Adeleye , Olatoke Samuel , Akere Adegboyega , Famurewa Olusola , Gonen Mithat , Irabor David O. , Kingham T. Peter 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) rates in low‐resource countries, which typically lack CRC screening programs, are rising. This study determined whether a risk model for patients with rectal bleeding could identify patients with curable CRC.METHODSThis prospective, cross‐sectional study evaluated a model constructed from data from 1 hospital and validated at 2 other hospitals. The primary endpoint was the ability of the model to predict CRC, as diagnosed by colonoscopy, from clinical characteristics. The secondary endpoint was to determine the percentage of patients who had CRC.RESULTSConsecutive patients who were 45 years old or older and had self‐reported rectal bleeding for more than 1 week were evaluated. From January 2014 to July 2016, 362 patients answered a questionnaire and underwent colonoscopy. In the validation cohort, 56% of patients with rectal bleeding, weight loss, and changes in bowel habits had CRC, whereas 2% of patients with bleeding alone did. Overall, 18.2% of the patients had CRC, and 8.6% had adenomas. The proportion of CRC patients with potentially curable stage II or III disease was 74%, whereas the historical rate was 36%. The combination of rectal bleeding with both symptoms significantly predicted CRC in the validation set (odds ratio, 12.8; 95% confidence interval, 4.6‐35.4; P < .001).CONCLUSIONSIn low‐resource settings, patients with rectal bleeding, weight loss, and changes in bowel habits should be classified as high risk for CRC. Patients with a high risk score should be prioritized for colonoscopy to increase the number of patients diagnosed with potentially curable CRC. Cancer 2018;124:2766‐2773. © 2018 American Cancer Society
Molecular Engineering of Zinc‐Porphyrin Sensitisers for p‐Type Dye‐Sensitised Solar Cells
Authors: Lu Jianfeng , Liu Zonghao , Pai Narendra , Jiang Liangcong , Bach Udo , Simonov Alexandr N. , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Spiccia Leone 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDesign of novel efficient light‐harvesters for p‐type dye‐sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) is indispensable for further advances in this photovoltaic technology. Herein, a novel D‐π‐A (D=donor, π=π‐conjugated linker, A=acceptor) sensitiser, ZnP1, featuring an electron acceptor, perylenemonoimide (PMI), connected to an electron donor, di(p‐carboxyphenyl)amine (DCPA), through fluorene and a zinc(II) porphyrin with alkyl chains as a π‐conjugated bridge is introduced. Spectroscopic and electrochemical characterisation of this dye along with a newly synthesised PMI‐free reference dye ZnP0 has been undertaken to demonstrate strong electron coupling between the DCPA donor and PMI acceptor subunits through the porphyrin ring in ZnP1, which redshifts the light absorption onset to the near‐IR region. When integrated into p‐DSSCs based on a mesoporous nickel(II) oxide semiconductor electrode and a tris(acetylacetonato) iron(III/II) redox mediator, ZnP1 exhibits an onset of the incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency at 800 nm and a power conversion efficiency of up to 0.92 % under simulated 100 mW cm−2 AM 1.5 G irradiation. This is the highest efficiency of the porphyrin‐based p‐DSSCs hitherto reported.
Enhanced Green Upconversion Emission From α‐NaYF4:Yb, Er Nanoparticles Embedded Silica Inverse Opal Heterostructure
Authors: Shrivastava Vishnu Prasad , Kumar Jitendra , Sivakumar Sri 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAlfa (α)‐NaYF4: Yb, Er nanoparticles embedded silica inverse opal heterostructure, with dual photonic stop bands and negligible local thermal effects, was fabricated. This material exhibited improvement in its upconversion efficiency and green emission purity. The heterostructure was designed and constructed with a stack of two inverse opals with different periodicity to possess dual photonic stop bands at wavelengths λ≈410 and ≈660 nm with a passband in‐between (≈545 nm). Although the two photonic stop bands suppress two distant emission bands (blue: 2H9/2→4I15/2 and red: 4F9/2→4I15/2 transitions) simultaneously, the passband enhances the green emission bands corresponding to 2H11/2→4I15/2 and 4S3/2→4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ ions. The process leads to realization of a pure green color. In addition, the local thermal effects induced by laser irradiation at the surface of the nanoparticles are largely suppressed by effective dissipation of heat as a result of the microporous nature of the inverse opal heterostructures. The reduced thermal effect in embedded nanoparticles is advantageous and shown to be responsible for the enhancement of green emission, the increase or decrease in the luminescence lifetime of Er3+ ion 2H11/2 and 2H9/2 or 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 states, a faster luminescence rise time, and almost the same green‐to‐red intensity ratio with variation in laser power.
A model for first‐estimates of species‐specific, age‐specific mortality from centralized band‐recovery databases
Authors: Baylis Shane M. , Sunnucks Paul , Clarke Rohan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPopulation mortality curves, otherwise known as lifetime distribution functions, can be indispensable in many areas of ecology and environmental management including population viability and stock management analyses, disaster‐recovery monitoring, and fundamental evolutionary biology. Yet available modeling tools are often unable to estimate population mortality curves from commonly available datasets because these datasets fail to meet stringent experimental‐design requirements. Here, we present a new method for estimating population mortality curves from records of marked individuals found dead. Such data are increasingly accessible in some of the largest biological datasets, such as continent‐ or nation‐wide marking‐and‐recovery schemes for birds and other animals. The method accounts for known biases in availability by age class, variable monitoring effort through time, and mark loss. We show that our modeling approach generates accurate estimates of population mortality structure across a range of populations differing in marking histories, true mortality curves, monitoring regimes, and mark loss rates. Our approach can be applied to multiple species or groups at a time and can provide estimates of inter‐annual adult, immature, and first‐year survival rates, required by predictive modeling applications such as population viability analyses. Our approach is also capable of estimating apparent senescence rates for each population and facilitates evolutionary analyses of life‐history traits. For example, our method is potentially useful for exploring the evolution of senescence or for inter‐group comparisons of mortality rates where groups that differ by environment may be identified within mark‐recovery records. To demonstrate the efficacy of this method, we present fitted population mortality curves for a suite of seabird species represented in a national mark–recapture database.
Effects of spatial aggregation of nests on population recruitment: the case of a small population of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Bouchard Colin , Bardonnet Agnès , Buoro Mathieu , Tentelier Cédric 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSpatial aggregation within a population is a widespread phenomenon which may both exacerbate local competition and the stochastic effect of local environmental perturbations. In particular, the spatial aggregation of nests may strongly affect recruitment and hence population dynamics. Although the negative effect of local density on local recruitment has often been theoretically extended to population dynamics, very few studies have demonstrated the effect of local aggregation on the whole population recruitment. Using a long‐term survey of a small Atlantic salmon population, we tested the effect of spatial aggregation on the whole population recruitment and whether accounting for population stock is important or not when explaining the population recruitment. We found that accounting for population stock is necessary and that spatial aggregation of nests improved estimates of population recruitment. The spatial aggregation of nests did not impact the average population recruitment; however, a stronger aggregation diminished the variability of population recruitment. Our findings suggest that the aggregation of nests among some breeding areas does not necessarily impair the whole population recruitment and significantly reduces the stochasticity of the recruitment. In addition, the aggregation of nests seems to be the result of an ideal distribution of females, selecting the best‐breeding sites. Our results also indicate that females select breeding sites on environmental risk to spawn within the safest sites. This study warns against the extrapolation of local density dependence observations to the population level, and advocates for investigating the effect of aggregation on the demographic and evolutionary population dynamics, a clear contribution of aggregation on population dynamic processes being found in the Nivelle population.
Evaluation of six sample preparation procedures for qualitative and quantitative proteomics analysis of milk fat globule membrane
Authors: Yang Yongxin , Anderson Elizabeth , Zhang Sheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractProteomic analysis of membrane proteins is challenged by the proteins solubility and detergent incompatibility with MS analysis. No single perfect protocol can be used to comprehensively characterize the proteome of membrane fraction. Here, we used cow milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteome analysis to assess six sample preparation procedures including one in‐gel and five in‐solution digestion approaches prior to LC‐MS/MS analysis. The largest number of MFGM proteins were identified by suspension trapping (S‐Trap) and filter‐aided sample preparation (FASP) methods, followed by acetone precipitation without clean‐up of tryptic peptides method. Protein identifications with highest average coverage was achieved by Chloroform/MeOH, in‐gel and S‐Trap methods. Most distinct proteins were identified by FASP method, followed by S‐Trap. Analyses by Venn diagram, principal‐component analysis, hierarchical clustering and the abundance ranking of quantitative proteins highlight differences in the MFGM fraction by the all sample preparation procedures. These results reveal the biased proteins/peptides loss occurred in each protocol. In this study, we found several novel proteins that were not observed previously by in‐depth proteomics characterization of MFGM fraction in milk. Thus, a combination of multiple procedures with orthologous properties of sample preparation was demonstrated to improve the protein sequence coverage and expression level accuracy of membrane samples.
Anaerobic co‐digestion of waste yeast biomass from citric acid production and waste frying fat
Authors: Moeller Lucie , Bauer Aline , Zehnsdorf Andreas , Lee Mi‐Yong , Müller Roland Arno 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe application of spent yeast for biogas production has been studied only in the context of breweries so far. This study is focused on the anaerobic digestion of concentrated yeast biomass (CYB), being a by‐product of citric acid biosynthesis. Two experimental set‐ups were used in order to test CYB as a mono‐substrate and co‐substrate for closing the loop in accordance with the ‘bioeconomy’ approach. The results show that CYB allows for obtaining a high biogas yield, with a maximum of 1.45 m3N/kgVS produced when CYB was used as a mono‐substrate. The average methane concentration was 66 ± 4%. However, anaerobic digestion of CYB alone was difficult to perform because of a tendency for over‐acidification, meaning that the maximum possible organic loading rate was 1 kg/(m3*d). Repeated clogging of tubes with coagulated biomass also disturbed continuous feeding. In contrast, the co‐digestion of CYB with waste frying fat at a ratio of 1:20 showed stable operation during a 70‐day fermentation period. The biogas yield using the substrate mixture was 1.42 m3/kgVS at an organic loading rate of 2 kg/(m3*d). The methane concentration reached 67 ± 4% and the acetate concentration did not exceed 30 mg/L during the entire fermentation.
Effect of Vemurafenib on the Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Digoxin in Patients With BRAFV600 Mutation–Positive Metastatic Malignancy
Authors: Zhang Weijiang , McIntyre Christine , Kuhn Melissa , Forbes Harper , Kim Tae Min , Lee Jeeyun , Demidov Lev , Colburn Dawn 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe primary objective of this phase 1, open‐label, multicenter, 3‐period, fixed‐sequence study was to evaluate the effect of multiple doses of vemurafenib on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of digoxin, a probe P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) substrate, in patients with BRAFV600 mutation‐positive metastatic malignancy. Following a 28‐day screening period, patients received a single oral dose of digoxin 0.25 mg on day 1 in period A, oral vemurafenib 960 mg twice daily for 21 days in period B (days 8‐28), and a single oral dose of digoxin 0.25 mg on day 29 and vemurafenib 960 mg twice a day for 7 days (days 29‐35) in period C. Log‐transformed area under the concentration‐time curve and peak concentration values for digoxin were compared between periods A (digoxin alone) and C (digoxin + vemurafenib) using an analysis of variance model. Twenty‐six patients were evaluated for the primary pharmacokinetic analysis. The geometric mean ratio (period C/period A) of area under the curve to the last measurable concentration for digoxin was 1.82 (90%CI 1.63 to 2.02), and the geometric mean ratio of peak concentrations was 1.47 (90%CI 1.30 to 1.65); the 90%CIs were outside of the equivalence limits of 0.82 to 1.22, indicating an effect of vemurafenib on digoxin. Multiple oral doses of vemurafenib were generally well tolerated, with an adverse event profile similar to that previously seen in phase 2 and 3 studies of vemurafenib monotherapy. This study confirmed vemurafenib as an inhibitor of P‐gp in vivo with a statistically significant drug‐drug interaction with digoxin. Caution should be exercised when dosing vemurafenib concurrently with P‐gp substrates.
A spatially explicit, multi‐scale occupancy model for large‐scale population monitoring
Authors: Crosby Andrew D. , Porter William F. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTOne of the continuing challenges in wildlife ecology and management is the ability to obtain reliable estimates of species’ distributions at large spatial extents. Multi‐scale occupancy models using a cluster sampling design offer the opportunity to increase the resolution of estimates and model processes occurring at multiple spatial scales, increasing the efficiency of large‐scale monitoring and mitigating the tradeoff between extent and grain. However, accounting for spatial correlation among subsamples in a way that allows for the addition of covariates remains an issue. Using tracking transect surveys for carnivores as an example, we describe and evaluate a hierarchical, multi‐scale occupancy model that integrates existing approaches to estimate occupancy at multiple spatial scales simultaneously, and uses a conditional autoregressive (CAR) process to account for spatial correlation in use between subsamples. We evaluated 3 versions of the model under a single‐survey and a multi‐survey sampling design: a non‐spatial model, a model that accounted for spatial correlation in use between transect segments, and a model that also accounted for spatial correlation in the detection process. Simulations showed that accounting for spatial correlation gave better estimates of transect‐level occupancy under both sampling designs, whereas accurate estimates of segment‐level use required a multi‐survey design. When applied to historical snow track data, the differences in estimates among models followed the same pattern found in the simulations. The multi‐survey design was able to detect equivalent declines in segment use with much less survey effort than the single‐survey design. The modeling framework presented here offers researchers and managers a powerful tool for monitoring populations at large spatial extents while being able to detect ecologically important dynamics at finer spatial scales. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.