bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of an in vivo turkey model for the study of flexor tendon repair
Authors: Kadar Assaf , Liu Haoyu , Vrieze Alyssa M. , Meier Thomas R. , Thoreson Andrew R. , Amadio Peter C. , Moran Steven L. , Zhao Chunfeng 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTFlexor tendon injuries are common and pose a clinical challenge for functional restoration. The purpose of our study was to assess the adequacy of the turkey as a large animal model for flexor tendon injuries in vivo. Twenty‐four male turkeys underwent surgical flexor tendon cut and repair. Turkeys were allocated to five groups postoperatively: (1) foot casted in extension and sacrificed after 3 weeks; (2) foot casted in extension and sacrificed after 6 weeks; (3) foot casted in flexion and sacrificed after 3 weeks; (4) foot casted in flexion and sacrificed after 6 weeks; and (5) foot casted in flexion for 6 weeks and then free roaming allowed for an additional 3 weeks before sacrifice. After sacrifice, digits were collected and analyzed for adhesion formation, healing at the macrolevel and histologically, and biomechanical properties—including friction, work of flexion, stiffness, and strength of repair. All turkeys survived anesthesia and surgery. Tendon rupture occurred in all extension casts and in 11% of those casted in flexion. Friction and work of flexion were significantly higher in the repaired digit than the control digit. There was a correlation between duration of immobilization and repair strength. Histologically, the tendon healed with tenocytes migrating into the gap and producing collagen fibers. We have, for the first time, studied flexor tendon injury and repair using turkeys in terms of anesthesia, surgical procedures, postoperative care, and animal husbandry. The findings regarding functional and histological results from this novel avian model were comparable to the most commonly used mammal model. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2497–2505, 2018.
Three‐dimensional mapping of the joint space for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis based on high resolution computed tomography: Comparison with radiographic, outerbridge, and meniscal classifications
Authors: Mezlini‐Gharsallah Houda , Youssef Rabaa , Uk Stéphanie , Laredo Jean D. , Chappard Christine 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTOne of the most important characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the joint space (JS) width narrowing. Measurements are usually performed on two dimensional (2D) X‐rays. We propose and validate a new method to assess the 3D joint space at the medial knee compartment using high resolution peripheral computed tomography images. A semi‐automated method was developed to obtain a distance 3D map between femur an tibia with the following parameters: volume, minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, median, asymmetry, and entropy. We analyzed 71 knee specimens (mean age: 85 years), radiographs were performed for the Kellgren Lawrence (KL) score grading. In a subgroup of 41 specimens, the histopathological Outerbridge and meniscal classifications were performed and then cores were harvested from the tibial plateau in three different positions (posterior, central, and peripheral) and imaged at 10 µm of resolution to measure the cartilage thickness. Minimum, maximum, mean, and median were statistically lower and entropy higher between knee specimens classified as KL = 0 and KL = 3–4. Gr1 and 2 were statistically different from Gr3‐4 for minimum, asymmetry, entropy using the Outerbridge classification and Gr1 was statistically different from Gr3–4 using the meniscal classification. Asymmetry, minimum, mean, median and entropy were significantly correlated with cartilage thickness. Parameters extracted from a 3D map of the medial joint space indicate local variations of JS and are related to local measurements of tibial cartilage thickness, and could be consequently useful to identify early OA. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 36:2380–2391, 2018.
Thorax x‐ray and CT interventional dataset for nonrigid 2D/3D image registration evaluation
Authors: Xia Wei , Jin Qingpeng , Ni Caifang , Wang Yanling , Gao Xin 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to provide a novel, publicly available standard image dataset with a useful evaluation framework for assessing nonrigid two‐/three‐dimensional (2D/3D) registration algorithms.Acquisition and validation methodsA pig lung model was used to obtain the image dataset. Inflated with different amounts of oxygen, a sequence of 3D volume data was acquired with computed tomography (CT), which ideally simulated different respiratory phases. With the model inflated and kept in certain states, 3D CT, 2D CT scout image and 2D x‐ray were acquired for the same respiratory phases, making them suitable to establish the evaluation dataset for 2D/3D registration algorithms. A total of 120 well‐distributed landmarks in every 3D volume were manually annotated and checked by several radiologists using semi‐automatic software to generate the dataset.Data format and usage notesAll 3D image data were stored in both DICOM and ITK Meta format, and 2D image data were stored in DICOM format. A total of 120 landmarks were manually annotated for each 3D image. Among these landmarks, eight landmarks located on large branch of the bronchial tree were also annotated in 2D images. The landmark coordinates were stored in a text file. The detailed usage including a standard evaluation framework for the proposed dataset is also provided. The dataset can be downloaded from the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.997887).Potential applicationsOur standard dataset was acquired with advanced clinical imaging devices and is quite suitable for quantitatively evaluating state‐of‐art, nonrigid 2D/3D registration algorithms.
Increased clinical trial enrollment among adolescent and young adult cancer patients between 2006 and 2012–2013 in the United States
Authors: Parsons Helen M. , Penn Dolly C. , Li Qian , Cress Rosemary D. , Pollock Brad H. , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Wun Ted , Keegan Theresa H.M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundStagnant outcomes for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) 15–39 years of age with cancer are partly attributed to poor enrollment onto clinical trials. Initiatives have focused on increasing accrual, but changes at the population‐level are unknown. We examined patterns of clinical trial participation over time in AYA patients with cancer.ProcedureWe utilized medical record data from AYAs in two population‐based National Cancer Institute Patterns of Care Studies identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. Among 3135 AYAs diagnosed with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and sarcoma, we used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate patient and provider characteristics associated with clinical trial enrollment. Interaction terms evaluated variation in clinical trial enrollment across patient and provider characteristics by year of diagnosis.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2012–2013, clinical trial participation increased from 14.8% to 17.9% (P < 0.01). Adjusting for patient and provider characteristics, we found lower clinical trial enrollment among those who were older at diagnosis, diagnosed with NHL vs ALL, treated by adult hematologist/oncologists only (vs pediatric hematologist/oncologists), and of non‐Hispanic Black race/ethnicity (vs non‐Hispanic White) (P < 0.05 for all). Interaction analyses indicate improved clinical trial enrollment from 2006 to 2012–2013 among young adults 25–29 years of age and the uninsured.ConclusionsAlthough disparities in enrollment onto clinical trials remain for AYAs with cancer, our study identified increasing overall clinical trial participation over time. Further, we identify promising trends in enrollment uptake among AYAs 25–29 years of age and the uninsured.
Data visualization for reliability analysis of repairable systems
Authors: Gámiz María Luz , López‐Montoya Antonio Jesús , Martínez‐Miranda María Dolores , Raya‐Miranda Rocío 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to find out possible patterns of failure occurrences in a repairable system. We develop a graphical exploratory tool and perform visual inference considering non‐parametric local linear kernel estimators for the rate of occurrence of failures (ROCOF) and its first derivative. The shape characteristics of the ROCOF function are distinguished from those which are merely an artefact of the sampling variability of the data through the construction of confidence intervals for the first derivative. The proposal is illustrated with several real data sets, and its performance is evaluated through an extensive simulation study.
Partial characterization of the exopolysaccharide from Oscillatoria trichoides Szafer and the role of released polysaccharide in sequestration of Cr6+
Authors: Miranda Jyothi , Krishnakumar G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe structural investigation and the chromium adsorptive potential of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) released during the growth of an indigenous cyanobacterium, Oscillatoria trichoides Szafer, were investigated in a laboratory‐scale study. The results showed that, of the total EPS produced, 410.53 milligrams/gram (mg g−1) were released polysaccharides (RPS) and 11.36 mg g−1 were capsular polysaccharides (CPS). The sorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) by the RPS achieved a maximum amount of metal removal (qmax) value of 76.92 mg g−1 of polysaccharide dry weight. The highest coefficient of determination (0.9742) for the Langmuir adsorption model indicates best fitness of the model in explaining the sorption as a unilayer process. Equilibrium studies indicated that 30 to 40 milligrams per liter initial chromium concentration and a pH of 2 were optimal for biosorption of chromium by the RPS. Scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis of Cr6+‐treated RPS showed the presence of 3.76% bound chromium. Compositional analysis of the EPS showed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, pyruvic acid, and hexosamines. High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated the presence of hexoses, as neutral sugars and glucuronic acid as an acidic sugar. The presence of carboxylic groups was also detected by infrared spectroscopy. The presence of these chemical constituents may serve as binding sites for the metal ions; therefore, the RPS of this species appears to be a promising biosorbent for Cr6+.
Behavior of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn at the soil/plant interface around an uncontrolled landfill (Casablanca, Morocco)
Authors: Fait Sofia , Fakhi Said , ElMzibri Mohammed , Malek Omar Ait , Rachdi Bouchra , Faiz Zineb , Fougrach Hassan , Badri Wadia , Smouni Abdelaziz , Fahr Mouna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe present work undertaken in the environmental context aims to study the distribution of heavy metals in plants that grow naturally around uncontrolled landfills. The study's goal was to identify plants that can be used to remediate contaminated soils. For this purpose, 14 plants species and their rhizospheric soil samples were collected and analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc by inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry. The results showed the presence of elevated metal concentrations in soil, many exceeding the regulatory values, and that many species exhibited an ability to accumulate multiple metals in their shoots and roots without sustaining toxicity. This was confirmed by bioconcentration and translocation factors generally higher than 1.
A secure authentication with key agreement scheme using ECC for satellite communication systems
Authors: Qi Mingping , Chen Jianhua , Chen Yitao 
Published: September 2018

SummaryRecently, Liu et al came up with an authentication with key agreement scheme for securing communication over the low‐earth‐orbit satellite communication systems. However, this paper demonstrates that this scheme cannot provide perfect forward secrecy or defend against the smart card stolen attack, and has some very bad design defects, making it unpractical. Thus, to design a truly secure authentication scheme for satellite communication systems, this paper presents a new scheme, making use of the advantages of elliptic curve cryptography and symmetric cryptography. The security analyses by the widely used BAN logic and heuristic discussions demonstrate that our new scheme possesses perfect security properties and can defend against various well‐known malicious attacks. Moreover, our new scheme allows users to update passwords locally in accordance with their wishes, achieving a good user experience.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (–)–6–epi–Hygrophorone B14 and (–)–4–epi–Hygrophorone D14
Authors: Surender Banothu , Vinaykumar Allam , Kumar Bejugam Santhosh , Vemulapalli Sahithya Phani Babu , Rao Batchu Venkateswara 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTotal synthesis of (–)–6–epi–hygrophorones B14 and (–)–4–epi–hygrophorone D14 was achieved using stereoselective Grignard reaction, Bernet–Vasella protocol and Ring closing metathesis, starting from D–mannose.
Revealing Pd Nanoparticles Formation from PEG‐Mediated Decomposition of Organometallic Precursor and Their Application as Catalyst for the Synthesis of n‐Extended Carbazoles.
Authors: Arvelos Matheus S. , Silva Aires C. , de Souza Andrea L. F. , Achete Carlos A. , Vasconcelos Thiago L. , Robertis Eveline , Archanjo Braulio S. , Aguiar Lucia C. S. , Malta Luiz Fernando B. , Senra Jaqueline D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSynthesis of well‐controlled palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) by spontaneous decomposition of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) in polyethylene glycol Mw 300 (PEG 300) in the absence of reductant atmosphere or thermal effect is reported. The Pd nanoparticles exhibited a spherical pattern with 2‐ to 4‐nm diameter and low standard deviation according to scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis. UV‐vis electronic spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) mode of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) suggested that PEG acts as a template for the formation of PdNPs. These nanoparticles were efficient towards the Suzuki‐Miyaura reaction for the synthesis of 3,6‐diaryl carbazoles. Indeed, the whole catalyst system demonstrated an efficient recyclability (ten consecutive runs) without significant interference of the N−H moiety. Since diaryl carbazoles are the core of a number of compounds contained within components of organic solar cells and photovoltaics, this method should allow additional organic materials substrates under relatively inexpensive catalytic conditions.
Impact of Protein‐Polymer Interactions in the Antimicrobial Activity of Lysozyme/Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Biocapacitors
Authors: Triguero Jordi , Zanuy David , Alemán Carlos 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBiocapacitors constructed by combining lysozyme (LYZ) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) retained the bactericidal activity of the protein when this was encapsulated within the polymeric matrix but lost the antimicrobial behaviour when the LYZ was adsorbed onto the polymer. In this work we use atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations to examine the influence of protein⋅⋅⋅polymer interactions in the bactericidal activity of LYZ‐containing biocapacitors. Results show that the anisotropic forces exerted by oxidized PEDOT chains on the adsorbed protein induce small structural changes that locally affect at the active centre, breaking the intra‐residue interactions associated with the antibacterial mechanism. Conversely, isotropic polymer⋅⋅⋅protein interactions in biocapacitors with encapsulated LYZ do not affect the stability of the active centre. These observations suggest that the strong repulsive or attractive forces between p‐doped polymer chains and the positively or negatively charged LYZ residues, respectively, are the only ones responsible for the protein activity.
Hyperconjugation
Authors: Alabugin Igor V. , dos Passos Gomes Gabriel , Abdo Miguel A. 
Published: September 2018

This review outlines the role of hyperconjugative interactions in the structure and reactivity of organic molecules. After defining the common hyperconjugative patterns, we discuss the main factors controlling the magnitude of hyperconjugative effects, including orbital symmetry, energy gap, electronegativity, and polarizability. The danger of underestimating the contribution of hyperconjugative interactions are illustrated by a number of spectroscopic, conformational, and structural effects. The stereoelectronic nature of hyperconjugation offers useful ways for control of molecular stability and reactivity. New manifestations of hyperconjugative effects continue to be uncovered by theory and experiments.This article is categorized under:Structure and Mechanism > Molecular StructuresSoftware > Molecular ModelingStructure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Complete integration-by-parts reductions of the non-planar hexagon-box via module intersections
Authors: Böhm Janko , Georgoudis Alessandro , Larsen Kasper J. , Schönemann Hans , Zhang Yang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present the powerful module-intersection integration-by-parts (IBP) method, suitable for multi-loop and multi-scale Feynman integral reduction. Utilizing modern computational algebraic geometry techniques, this new method successfully trims traditional IBP systems dramatically to much simpler integral-relation systems on unitarity cuts. We demonstrate the power of this method by explicitly carrying out the complete analytic reduction of two-loop five-point non-planar hexagon-box integrals, with degree-four numerators, to a basis of 73 master integrals.
Presolar Isotopic Signatures in Meteorites and Comets: New Insights from the Rosetta Mission to Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Authors: Hoppe Peter , Rubin Martin , Altwegg Kathrin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractComets are considered the most primitive planetary bodies in our Solar System, i.e., they should have best preserved the solid components of the matter from which our Solar System formed. ESA’s recent Rosetta mission to Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (67P/CG) has provided a wealth of isotope data which expanded the existing data sets on isotopic compositions of comets considerably. In this paper we review our current knowledge on the isotopic compositions of H, C, N, O, Si, S, Ar, and Xe in primitive Solar System materials studied in terrestrial laboratories and how the Rosetta data acquired with the ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Sensor for Ion and Neutral Analysis) and COSIMA (COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer) mass spectrometer fit into this picture. The H, Si, S, and Xe isotope data of comet 67P/CG suggest that this comet might be particularly primitive and might have preserved large amounts of unprocessed presolar matter. We address the question whether the refractory Si component of 67P/CG contains a presolar isotopic fingerprint from a nearby Type II supernova (SN) and discuss to which extent C and O isotope anomalies originating from presolar grains should be observable in dust from 67P/CG. Finally, we explore whether the isotopic fingerprint of a potential late SN contribution to the formation site of 67P/CG in the solar nebula can be seen in the volatile component of 67P/CG.
Adhesive wear mechanisms uncovered by atomistic simulations
Authors: Molinari Jean-François , Aghababaei Ramin , Brink Tobias , Frérot Lucas , Milanese Enrico 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this review, we discuss our recent advances in modeling adhesive wear mechanisms using coarse-grained atomistic simulations. In particular, we present how a model pair potential reveals the transition from ductile shearing of an asperity to the formation of a debris particle. This transition occurs at a critical junction size, which determines the particle size at its birth. Atomistic simulations also reveal that for nearby asperities, crack shielding mechanisms result in a wear volume proportional to an effective area larger than the real contact area. As the density of microcontacts increases with load, we propose this crack shielding mechanism as a key to understand the transition from mild to severe wear. We conclude with open questions and a road map to incorporate these findings in mesoscale continuum models. Because these mesoscale models allow an accurate statistical representation of rough surfaces, they provide a simple means to interpret classical phenomenological wear models and wear coefficients from physics-based principles.
Effect of oxide film on nanoscale mechanical removal of pure iron
Authors: Liu Jinwei , Jiang Liang , Deng Changbang , Du Wenhao , Qian Linmao 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the properties of an oxide film formed on a pure iron surface after being polished with an H2O2-based acidic slurry were investigated using an atomic force microscope (AFM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) to partly reveal the material removal mechanism of pure iron during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). The AFM results show that, when rubbed against a cone-shaped diamond tip in vacuum, the material removal depth of the polished pure iron first slowly increases to 0.45 nm with a relatively small slope of 0.11 nm/μN as the applied load increases from 0 to 4 μN, and then rapidly increases with a large slope of 1.98 nm/μN when the applied load further increases to 10 μN. In combination with the AES and AR-XPS results, a layered oxide film with approximately 2 nm thickness (roughly estimated from the sputtering rate) is formed on the pure iron surface. Moreover, the film can be simply divided into two layers, namely, an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer primarily consists of FeOOH (most likely α-FeOOH) and possibly Fe2O3 with a film thickness ranging from 0.36 to 0.48 nm (close to the 0.45 nm material removal depth at the 4 μN turning point), while the inner layer primarily consists of Fe3O4. The mechanical strength of the outer layer is much higher than that of the inner layer. Moreover, the mechanical strength of the inner layer is quite close to that of the pure iron substrate. However, when a real CMP process is applied to pure iron, pure mechanical wear by silica particles generates almost no material removal due to the extremely high mechanical strength of the oxide film. This indicates that other mechanisms, such as in-situ chemical corrosion-enhanced mechanical wear, dominate the CMP process.