bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Tire Force and Moment (F&M) Characteristics That Improve Combined Slip Handling Performance
Authors: Wei Terence , Dorfi Hans 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Since tires generate the control forces required for the operation of a vehicle, the tire force and moment (F&M) characteristics have to be designed such that the vehicle can easily be kept under driver control under many driving conditions. However, the relationship between F&M characteristics and vehicle handling performance is not well understood for many driving maneuvers. A better understanding of this relationship would thus provide insight into how to improve the matching between tires and vehicles for increased vehicle stability. Building a large number of tires with different characteristics would be too expensive and time consuming, so an investigation using simulations is preferred. However, one problem with simulations is that handling performance cannot be evaluated by a professional driver (subjective metrics), unlike in outdoor tests. A way of evaluating handling performance in simulation through objective metrics is therefore necessary. In this study, the focus is on vehicle handling performance during simultaneous cornering and braking. Desirable F&M metrics were identified using the following process: Handling simulations were validated using instrumented vehicle measurements of handling behavior at outdoor test facilities. An objective handling metric (peak body slip angle) was identified that has high correlation with professional driver ratings (subjective metric) of combined slip handling performance. The objective metric could therefore be used with simulations to predict the professional driver rating. Many virtual tires were generated by changing F&M characteristics of Pacejka tire models. These virtual tires were used in simulations of combined slip handling maneuvers and evaluated for performance using the objective handling metric. By identifying which changes to F&M metrics had high correlation to changes in handling performance, the primary influencing characteristics were determined. These results were also confirmed by looking at the correlation between F&M metrics of actual tires and their subjective ratings.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation as therapeutic targets in skin inflammation
Authors: Aioi Akihiro 
Published: March 2019

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are fatty acid activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. They are initially known as transcriptional regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism, although further evidence has also been accumulated for other functions. Due to the nature of all PPAR isotypes which are expressed and exert effects by regulating the functions of cell types residing and infiltrating in the skin, PPARs represent a major research target for the understanding and treatment of many skin diseases. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Skin barrier disturbance is one of the exacerbation factors of AD, due to facile penetration of molecules such as antigens. From the aspect of immune dysregulation, innate and acquired immunity including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cytokine network are involved in the pathogenesis. In this review, the role of PPAR in AD and the possibility of its agonist for the treatment of AD are discussed.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded to Cancer Therapy by Inhibition of Negative Immune Regulation
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi 
Published: March 2019

On October 1, The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to Dr. James P. Allison and Dr. Tasuku Honjo "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute released the comments that Dr. Allison and Dr. Honjo showed how different strategies for inhibiting the brakes on the immune system could be used in the treatment of cancer [1-5]. The seminal discoveries by the two laureates constitute a landmark in our fight against cancer. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/prize-announcement/I sincerely wish to congratulate two recipients, co-workers and many patients cooperated in clinical trials. In this journal, we have published several reviews and papers on immunity checkpoints so far. The reason is that the mission of this journal is in scientific awareness and dissemination of new immunotherapy.I herein introduce briefly my previous report with some modification [6]. Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have opened promising avenues in the treatment of cancer. Various blocking antibodies targeting programmed cell death -1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are approved for human use. They significantly improved disease outcome in a number of cancer patients by boosting anti-tumor immune responses. As Seidel, Otsuka and Kabashima described in their review article [7], mortality among advanced stage patients and the frequency of treatment-related adverse events remain high with current treatment. And, it is also noteworthy that unexpected immune related adverse effects (irAEs) appear, even when it becomes better to be administered to many cancer patients [8]. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of endocrine irAEs by ICIs, remain unclear, and optimal prevention, prediction, and treatment of the irAEs are still uncertain. However, appropriate uses and index setting related to prognosis are being studied in many fields such as dermatology [9] and other organs [6,7].While solving such problems, we have to understand that the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death are now moving from concepts to the clinic. We will explain the mechanism behind ICD and how it will perhaps breathe a new life into chemotherapy use in cancer, not front and center but as a helpful hand to immunotherapy [10].For a long time many scientists or doctors attempted to engage the immune system in the fight against cancer. Many clinicians stared at cancer patients who were to be dying by their side, mourning their inability. However, cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation checkpoint therapy has fundamentally changed the way we view how cancer can be managed and many patients will receive much better care and cure.
Antinuclear antibodies in Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome. A bridge with research on refractory autoimmune diseases
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi 
Published: March 2019

Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome (NNS) is an autosomal, recessively inherited disorder, which has been reported by Japanese physicians. This disease is characterized by remittent fever, pernio-like skin rashes, nodular erythema-like skin eruptions and partial lipodystrophy. NNS is an immunoproteasome-associated autoinflammatory disorder caused by a mutation of the PSMB8 gene. In general, autoinflammatory diseases are not associated with autoantibody production because it is assumed that autoinflammatory disorders are caused by the dysfunction of innate immunity and/or the dysfunction of proteasomes that have been collectively designated as proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndromes. Autoinflammatory diseases were originally defined as diseases in which autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells were not detected, without activation of antigen-specific adaptive immune system, unlike autoimmune diseases. However, in recent years, as we previously reported, cases with the appearance of autoantibodies have been reported, and the boundaries are becoming vague. We herein discuss the relationship between ANA and autoinflammatory NNS. We collected 9 cases with NNS, in which 5 cases showed positive ANA or anti-dsDNA antibody during the course. The autoantibodies in NNS is also expected due to abnormal production and response of IFNα, but detailed pathological conditions need to be elucidated by accumulation and examination of further cases in the future. In other words, NNS will become a bridge with research on refractory autoimmune diseases.
Discontinuing voriconazole induced no completely regression of multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient
Authors: Hirakawa Yuka , Okuno Aika , Tanabe Atsuko , Okada Mutsumi , Anzai Naoyuki , Yamamoto Yuki , Furukawa Fukumi 
Published: March 2019

Voriconazole is a universal anti-fungal prophylaxis, which is frequently taken to the patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation. Voriconazole can cause phototoxicity, multiple erythema in sun-exposed areas may develop actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) while taking voriconazole. In North America and Europe, case reports of phototoxicity and aggressive cSCC in patients on voriconazole have been documented. Also 4 cases of voriconazole-associated cSCC have recently been reported in Japan. We describe a Japanese woman with multiple cSCC associated with recurrence of cSCC after discontinuing voriconazole.
Voltammetric Determination of Vanillin Using a Pretreated Pencil Graphite Electrode
Authors: GİRAY DİLGİN Didem 
Published: March 2019

In this study, a sensitive voltammetric method
for the determination of vanillin in commercial food products was proposed
using a pencil lead as an electrode material. In the cyclic voltammograms of
vanillin recorded in pH 8.0 Britton Robinson buffer at the pre-oxidized pencil graphite
electrode (p-PGE), a sharp peak was observed at about 520 mV (vs. Ag / AgCl
electrode) attributed to the oxidation of vanillin. Subsequently, the
voltammetric determination of vanillin based on its oxidation at p-PGE was
carried out using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique under
optimized conditions. DPV results showed that the oxidation peak current of
vanillin increased linearly in the concentration range of 0.5 to 10.0 µM
vanillin with a detection limit of 0.16 µM (based on 3Sb). In the final
step, this voltammetric method was applied to the determination of vanillin in
vanilla syrup samples. Results were in good agreement with the values indicated
on the labels of samples.
Effects of Freeze-Drying Process on Antioxidant and Some Physical Properties of Cherry Laurel and Kiwi Fruits
Authors: AKTÜRK GÜMÜŞAY Özlem , YILDIRIM YALÇIN Meral 
Published: March 2019

Freeze-drying is a trend method for the preservation
of thermosensitive and nutritive food products. In this study, two different fruits,
kiwi fruit with high ascorbic acid content and cherry laurel fruit with high phenolic
content, were selected to study the freeze-drying effect on these compounds.
Ascorbic acid content, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of kiwi
and cherry laurel fruits were determined before and after freeze-drying
process. Ascorbic acid content of kiwi and cherry laurel fruit were 205.14±21.33
and 3.00±1.02
mg/100 g dry matter, respectively. Total phenolic content of kiwi and cherry
laurel fruits were 262.66±19.97
and 1056.78±90.73 mg GAE/100 g dry matter, respectively. Ascorbic acid contents
did not change, while antioxidant capacities increased by freeze-drying process
for both fruits. The total phenolic content of cherry laurel fruits increased significantly
after freeze-drying in contrast to the total phenolic content of kiwi fruits.
Color values changed with freeze-drying, the lightness and yellowness values
increased significantly for both fruits (p&lt;0.05). The rehydration ratios of
freeze-dried kiwi and cherry laurel fruits were found similar at 25 and 40°C. The rehydration ratio in water at 40°C increased more quickly in the beginning of
immersion than the ratio at 25°C. The
results of this study showed that freeze-drying method is highly recommended
for the preservation of nutritive values of these fruits and off-season
products.
Effect of Microwave Heating on Quality Parameters of Hazelnut, Canola and Corn Oils
Authors: ARİFOĞLU Nazan , ÖĞÜTCÜ Mustafa 
Published: March 2019

This
study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave heating on the
turbidity, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide values (PV), conjugated dienes (K232)
and trienes (K270) and oxidative induction times (OIT) of hazelnut,
canola and corn oils. The OIT values were determined via differential scanning
calorimeter (DSC). Microwave heating was applied to oil samples for 3, 5, 10,
15, 20 and 30 min. Untreated oil samples were also analysed. The FFA, PV, K232,
and K270 values of all oil samples increased with an increase in
microwave heating time while a decrease in the OIT values was detected. Physico-chemical
parameters as well as thermal measurements were effective in detecting the
oxidative changes occurring in oils during microwave heating. No changes in oil
turbidity during microwave heating were determined. Results indicated that
oxidation changes occurred in all oil samples. Although there was an increase
in the PV and FFA values of the oils, these values still remained within the
legal limits required for oils.
Bireysel Hızlı Dondurma İşlemi Basamaklarının Granny Smith Elmaların Polifenol İçeriği ve Antioksidan Kapasitesine Etkileri
Authors: KAMİLOĞLU Senem 
Published: March 2019

Granny
Smith elmalar taze olarak tüketilebildiği gibi donmuş gıda sanayinde de yaygın
olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Gıdaların üretim basamakları sırasında polifenol
içeriğinde meydana gelen değişimlerin incelenmesi son ürünün besin değerini
artırmak açısından önemlidir. Bu konu dikkate alınarak, bu çalışmada Granny
Smith elmaların bireysel hızlı dondurma (IQF) işlemi sırasında çeşitli üretim basamaklardan
alınan numunelerin polifenol içeriğinde meydana gelen değişimlerin değerlendirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Toplam fenolik ve flavonoid madde ile toplam antioksidan
kapasitedeki değişimler spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle tespit edilmiş olup,
polifenolik bileşiklerin tayini yüksek performanslı sıvı
kromatografisi–fotodiyot dizi dedektörü (HPLC–PDA) kullanılarak kromatografik
yöntemle yapılmıştır. HPLC–PDA ile yapılan analizler sonucunda hammaddede flavanoller,
dihidrokalkonlar, fenolik asitler ve flavonoller dahil 4 gruba ait toplam 10
adet polifenolik bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Atık olarak ayrılan ürünlerin
dihidrokalkonlar ve flavonoller açısından hammaddeden daha zengin olduğu
görülmüştür (%140–378) (p&lt;0.05). Asitlendirme toplam fenolik madde, toplam
flavonoid madde, toplam antioksidan kapasite, flavanoller ve fenolik asitlerin
içeriğinde önemli artışlara neden olmuştur (%9–121) (p&lt;0.05). Kesim ve
dondurma işlemlerinden sonra asitlendirmeye kıyasla düşüşler görülmüş olsa da,
hammadde ve son ürün arasında toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavonoid madde,
flavanol, dihidrokalkon ve fenolik asit içeriği bakımından istatistiksel olarak
önemli bir farklılık görülmemiştir (p&gt;0.05). Bu sonuçlar IQF Granny Smith
elmaların da taze elmalar gibi iyi bir polifenol kaynağı olduğuna işaret
etmiştir.
Tikhonov gamma variate adaptive regularization applied to technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid plasma clearance, compared with three other methods, for measuring glomerular filtration rate in cats
Authors: Snead Elisabeth C. , Milo Jewel E. , McCrea Carling A. , Montgomery James E. , Feng Cindy Xin , Wesolowski Michal J. , Wanasundara Surajith N. , Wesolowski Carl A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate agreement of 4 methods (Tikhonov gamma variate adaptive regularization of plasma concentration-time curve fitting applied to technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid [99mTc-DTPA] plasma clearance [Tk-GV], plasma clearance of exogenous creatinine [CrCL], Gates gamma camera-based measurement method with 99mTc-DTPA renal clearance and dynamic scintigraphy [GTS], and iohexol renal clearance assessed with dynamic CT with Patlak plotting [CT-Pp]) for measuring glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in healthy cats.

ANIMALS
7 healthy, laboratory-raised cats.

PROCEDURES
Each method for measuring GFR was performed twice in 7 cats at 24-day intervals. The Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test was used to compare the results obtained from the 14 studies for each method. Results from the 4 methods were assessed for agreement and correlation.

RESULTS
The median GFR values were 2.75, 2.83, 3.14, and 4.26 mL/min/kg, for Tk-GV, CT-Pp, plasma CrCL, and GTS, respectively. Analysis with Wilcoxon signed-rank sum tests identified significant pairwise differences between results obtained with the Tk-GV versus the plasma CrCL method, the Tk-GV versus the GTS method, and the plasma CrCL versus the GTS method. The least variable method was Tk-GV, with an SD of 1.27 (mL/min/kg).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Findings indicated that Tk-GV yielded GFR measurements comparable with those obtained with CT-Pp, plasma CrCL, and GTS; however, the Tk-GV method yielded the tightest range of results among the methods evaluated.
Thrombin generation in different commercial sodium citrate blood tubes
Authors: Salvagno Gian Luca , Demonte Davide , Gelati Matteo , Poli Giovanni , Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2019

Summary

Background
This study aimed to verify whether blood drawn into six different commercial coagulation tubes generated comparable results of thrombin generation.

Methods
Blood was sequentially collected from 20 healthy subjects into different brand and draw volume 3.2% sodium citrate tubes (4.3 mL Sarstedt, 3.0 mL Greiner, 2.7 mL Becton Dickinson, 2.0 mL Kima, 1.8 mL Sarstedt and 1.0 mL Greiner). Thrombin generation was measured in plasma with the fully-automated ST Genesia analyzer using the weakest trigger (STG-BleedScreen).

Results
Different values of lag time (LT), time to reach thrombin peak (TP), thrombin peak height (PH) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) were commonly found in different tubes. Thrombin generation was the lowest in 4.3 mL Sarstedt tubes and the highest in 1.0 mL Greiner tubes. Other tubes displayed intermediate values. In multiple comparisons, LT was significantly different in 6/15 cases (40%), whilst PH, TP and ETP were significantly different in 14/15 (93%), 13/15 (87%) and 13/15 (87%) cases. The mean percent bias of LT, PH, TP and ETP ranged between -6% and +1%, -27% and +116%, -22% and +8%, and between -18% and +65%. The intra-assay imprecision of LT, PH, TP and ETP was exceeded in 0/15 (0%), 13/15 (87%), 6/15 (40%) and 13/15 (87%) comparisons. The correlation of LT, PH, TP and ETP values in different tubes ranged between 0.718–0.971, 0.570–0.966, 0.725–0.977 and 0.101–0.904.

Conclusions
Blood collection for thrombin generation assays requires local standardization using identical tubes for brand and draw volume, and reference ranges calculated according to type of tubes.
Mitochondrial theory of skeletal muscle ageing –new facts, new doubts
Authors: Słodki Sebastian , Bogucka Joanna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
For many years, scientists have been pursuing research on skeletal muscle ageing both in humans and animals. Studies on animal models have extended our knowledge of this mechanism in humans. Most researchers agree that the major processes of muscle ageing occur in the mitochondria as the major energy production centres in muscle cells. It is believed that decisive changes occur at the enzymatic activity level as well as in protein synthesis and turnover ability. Deregulation of ion channels and oxidative stress also play significant roles. In particular, in recent years the free radical theory of ageing has undergone considerable modification; researchers are increasingly highlighting the partly positive effects of free radicals on processes occurring in cells. In addition, the influence of diet and physical activity on the rate of muscle cell ageing is widely debated as well as the possibility of delaying it through appropriate physical exercise and diet programmes. Numerous studies, especially those related to genetic processes, are still being conducted, and in the near future the findings could provide valuable information on muscle ageing. The results of ongoing research could answer the perennial question of whether and how we can influence the rate of ageing both in animals and humans.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT STRES KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN KERJA SHIFT DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RSUD KARANGASEM
Authors: Sulistyawati Ni Nengah Nita , Purnawati Susy , Muliarta I Made 
Published: March 2019

Profesi keperawatan sekarang ini dituntut agar mampu tingkatkan kualitas layanan kesehatan dan bisa memberikan pelayanan kesehatan selama 24 jam. Dalam mewujudkannya rumah sakit menerapkan sistem kerja shift.Sistem kerja shift memiliki dampak bagi kesehatan fisik dan psikis.Tuntutan kerja yang tinggi bagi profesi perawat khususnya perawat Isntalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) dengan etos kerja yang berpacu pada waktudalam menangani kasus-kasus kegawatdaruratan medis. Hal ini bisa mengakibatkan terjadinya stres kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran tingkat stres kerja perawat dengan kerja shift di ruang IGD RSUD Karangasem. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2016 hingga September 2017. Sampel dipilih menggunakan total sampling yaitu libatkan seluruh perawat dengan kerja shift di ruang IGD RSUD Karangasem yang berjumlah 31 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner OSI-RTM (Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition). Penelitian ini tunjukkan rata-rata usia responden 28,5 tahun dengan usia maksisum 45 tahun dan usia minimum 22 tahun. 51,6% sampel adalah laki-laki, 61,3% sampel sudah menikah dan 48,4% bekerja selama 6 bulan-3 tahun. 87,1% perawat IGD RSUD Karangasem mengalami tingkat stres kerja sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa gambaran tingkat stres kerja perawat IGD RSUD Karangasem yaitu mayoritas mengalami tingkat stres kerja sedang dengan tingkat stres kerja responden berdasarkan karakteristiknya yaitu terdistribusi merata laki-laki dan perempuan, responden belum menikah alami tingkat stres kerja sedang yang lebih tinggi dan mayoritas responden masa kerja 6 bulan – 3 tahun yang mengalami stres kerja sedang.
Kata Kunci: Stres Kerja, Perawat, Kerja Shift, IGD, RSUD
POLA PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PASIEN DEWASA DENGAN DEMAM TIFOID DI RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR TAHUN 2016-2017
Authors: Melarosa Putu Resika , Ernawati Desak Ketut , Mahendra Agung Nova 
Published: March 2019

Demam tifoid atau yang dikenal dengan demam enterik merupakan penyakit infeksi sistemik yang berpotensi fatal yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella enterica typhi (S.typhy). Pada daerah endemik, sekitar 90% dari demam enterik adalah demam tifoid. Indonesia memilki insiden yang cukup tinggi dengan jumlah kasus yang terus meningkat. Diperkirakan mortalitas dari kasus demam tifoid di Indonesia antara 0,6% sampai 2%. Antibiotika merupakan terapi utama untuk penanganan pasien demam tifoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antibiotika pada dewasa dengan demam tifoid di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif. Sampel diambil dari rekam medis pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Teknik pemilihan subjek menggunakan total sampling. Subjek merupakan pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Total sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 55 pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid. Golongan antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah adalah ampisilin, sefalosporin generasi ketiga, fluorokuinolon, dan azitromisin. Jenis antibiotika yang digunakan seperti ampisilin, seftriakson, sefiksim, levofloxacin, dan azitromisin. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar adalah jenis levofloxacin (45,5%) dari golongan fluorokuinolon dengan rute pemberian di rumah sakit secara intravena dan diberikan selama 3-7 hari.
Kata kunci : Demam tifoid, Antibiotika, RSUP