bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of Clinical, Neuroimaging, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Features of Adult Neurocutaneous Melanocytosis
Authors: Qian Min , Ren Haitao , Qu Tao , Lu Zhaohui , Zou Yueli , He Junying , Zhao Yanhuan , Chen Lin , Guan Hongzhi 
Published: July 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Neurocutaneous melanocytosis (NCM) is a poorly understood disease due to its rarity. This study aimed to summarize the characteristics of adult NCM and improve the awareness of this disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The clinical data of 13 adult patients with NCM were retrospectively reviewed, including neuroimages, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and histological features. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 9 males and 4 females. The mean age at symptom onset was 36.5 years. The initial symptoms included intracranial hypertension in 8 patients and seizure in 4 patients. Ten patients had large and/or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi. MRI revealed hydrocephalus and diffuse thickening of the leptomeninges with T1 shortening in all patients. Post-contrast T1-weighted images showed diffuse linear enhancement of the leptomeninges. Lumbar punctures showed increased open pressure, and elevated protein levels and decreased glucose concentrations in CSF. Cells with intracytoplasmic coarse black granules were found in the CSF and were positive for S100, HMB45, and vimentin. Histopathology of the cutaneous lesions and meninges showed melanocytes but no evidence of malignant melanoma. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Adult NCM patients present a diversity of clinical manifestations. Brain MRI showing diffuse thickening of the leptomeninges with T1 shortening is useful in diagnosing NCM. Heterocellular melanin may be of great value for early diagnosis of NCM in challenging cases.
Total Dorsal Pancreatectomy, an Alternative to Total Pancreatectomy: Report of a New Case and Literature Review
Authors: Conci Simone , Ruzzenente Andrea , Bertuzzo Francesca , Campagnaro Tommaso , Guglielmi Alfredo , Iacono Calogero 
Published: July 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Total dorsal pancreatectomy (TDP) is a conservative pancreatic resection that should be considered in cases of benign or low malignant tumors confined to the dorsal pancreas to preserve the viability of both digestive and biliary tracts, and to avoid the endocrine and metabolic consequences of total pancreatectomy. We report a new case of TDP and provide a literature review of this procedure. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The case reported was a 35-year-old female patient with a solid pseudopapillary tumor. We resected the dorsal segment of the pancreas while preserving the common bile duct, gastroduodenal artery, and pancreaticoduodenal arcades, and the spleen and splenic vessels. The MEDLINE® and Embase® databases were searched for English language studies, case series, or case reports published through August 31, 2017. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The postoperative course was uneventful and patient was discharged on postoperative day 11. The patient was alive and in good condition at the 10-year follow-up. To date in English literature, there are only 3 reported cases of TDP, and all cases were patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia and pancreas divisum. There was no postoperative mortality, and 2 grade B pancreatic fistulas healed 1 month postoperatively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> TDP is a feasible and safe operation for benign or low grade malignant pancreatic tumors involving the dorsal pancreas, as an alternative to total pancreatectomy.
Benefit of Prolonged Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Implantation of Drug-Eluting Stent for Coronary Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Jang Woo Jin , Ahn Sung Gyun , Song Young Bin , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Chun Woo Jung , Oh Ju Hyeon , Cho Sung Woo , Kim Bum Sung , Yoon Jung Han , Koo Bon-Kwon , Yu Cheol Woong , Jang Yang Soo , Tahk Seung-Jea , Kim Hyo-Soo , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lee Sung Yun , Hahn Joo-Yong 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Whether prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) improves clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary bifurcation lesion is uncertain.

Methods and Results:

We evaluated 2082 patients who were treated with drug-eluting stent for bifurcation lesions and were event free (no death, myocardial infarction [MI], cerebrovascular accident, stent thrombosis, or any revascularization) at 12 months after the index procedure. Patients were divided into 2 groups: DAPT ≥12-month group (n=1776) and DAPT <12-month group (n=306). Primary outcome was all-cause death or MI. At 4 years after the index procedure, death or MI occurred less frequently in the DAPT ≥12-month group than the DAPT <12-month group (2.8% versus 12.3%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.13–0.35;
P
<0.001). After propensity score matching, incidence of death or MI was still lower in the DAPT ≥12-month group than the DAPT <12-month group (2.6% versus 12.3%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.38;
P
<0.001). In subgroup analysis, the treatment effect of prolonged DAPT was consistent across subgroups regardless of lesion location, stenting technique, or type of used drug-eluting stent.

Conclusions:
The risk of all-cause death or MI was significantly lower in the ≥12-month DAPT group than the <12-month DAPT group after percutaneous coronary intervention for bifurcation lesion using drug-eluting stent. Our results suggest that prolonged DAPT may improve long-term clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01642992
Impact of Frailty on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Takeji Yasuaki , Yamaji Kyohei , Tomoi Yusuke , Okazaki Jin , Tanaka Kiyoshi , Nagae Ayumu , Jinnouchi Hiroyuki , Hiramori Seiichi , Soga Yoshimitsu , Ando Kenji 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The predictive ability of patient frailty on clinical outcomes after revascularization in patients with critical limb ischemia remains largely unknown.

Methods and Results:

We enrolled 643 patients with critical limb ischemia treated with endovascular therapy (N=486) or bypass surgery (N=157) in January 2010 to January 2016, and prospectively assessed them using a 9-level clinical frailty scale (CFS). Patients were divided into 3 groups according to CFS levels: low (CFS level, 1–3; N=234), intermediate (CFS level, 4–6; N=196), and high (CFS level, 7–9; N=213) groups. Clinical follow-up rate was 95.8% at 2 years. In the low, intermediate, and high CFS groups, 2-year overall survival rates were 80.5%, 63.1%, and 49.3% (
P
<0.001) and amputation-free survival rates were 77.9%, 60.5%, and 46.2% (
P
<0.001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, higher frailty was independently associated with all-cause death (intermediate CFS group: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–2.42;
P
=0.01; high CFS group: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.52–3.23;
P
<0.001) and a composite of all-cause death and major amputation (intermediate CFS group: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–2.48;
P
=0.004; high CFS group: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.64–3.35;
P
<0.001). Frailty was also independently associated with overall survival and amputation-free survival in patients aged ≤75 and >75 years, those who underwent endovascular therapy or bypass surgery, and those with or without chronic renal failure, without significant interactions.

Conclusions:
Frailty was independently associated with 2-year overall survival and amputation-free survival in patients with critical limb ischemia treated with revascularization, irrespective of age, revascularization mode, and chronic renal failure status.
Randomized Controlled Trial of E-Counseling for Hypertension
Authors: Nolan Robert P. , Feldman Ross , Dawes Martin , Kaczorowski Janusz , Lynn Hazel , Barr Susan I. , MacPhail Carolyn , Thomas Scott , Goodman Jack , Eysenbach Gunther , Liu Sam , Tanaka Rika , Surikova Jelena 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The efficacy of internet-based interventions to improve hypertension management is not established. We evaluated the therapeutic benefit of e-counseling by adapting best evidence guidelines for behavioral counseling.

Methods and Results:

This multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial included assessments at baseline, 4 months, and 12 months. Participants were 35 to 74 years of age and diagnosed with hypertension: systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP) 130 to 180/85 to 110 mm Hg. BP was assessed by automated office measurement. E-Counseling used multimedia and interactive tools to increase motivation and skill for self-care (exercise, diet, medication adherence, and smoking cessation). Control used self-care education. Frequency of contact by our e-platform was equal for both trial arms. Primary end points were change at 4 and 12 months in systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, total lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk index. Intention-to-treat analysis used generalized linear models adjusted for baseline measures, sex, and medications. Among 264 participants, mean age was 57.6 years (SE, 0.6), 58% were women, with 83% on antihypertensive medications. At 12 months, e-counseling versus control evoked greater reduction in systolic BP (−10.1 mm Hg [95% confidence interval (CI), −12.5, −7.6] versus −6.0 mm Hg [95% CI, −8.5, −3.5];
P
=0.02); pulse pressure (−5.2 mm Hg [95% CI, −6.9, −3.5] versus −2.7 mm Hg [95% CI, −4.5, −0.9];
P
=0.04), and Framingham risk index (−1.9% [95% CI, −3.3, −0.5] versus −0.02% [95% CI, −1.2, 1.7];
P
=0.02), respectively. Among males in e-counseling versus control, 12-month end points included lower diastolic BP (
P
=0.01), non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (
P
=0.04), total lipoprotein cholesterol (
P
=0.03), and a trend for total lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (
P
=0.07).

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first double-blind randomized trial of e-counseling for hypertension. Added benefit for medical therapy was achieved by combining available technology with a clinically organized protocol of motivational and cognitive-behavioral counseling.

Clinical Trial Registration:

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01541540
Protein Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the Community
Authors: Ho Jennifer E. , Lyass Asya , Courchesne Paul , Chen George , Liu Chunyu , Yin Xiaoyan , Hwang Shih‐Jen , Massaro Joseph M. , Larson Martin G. , Levy Daniel 
Published: July 2018

Background

The discovery of novel and highly predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) has the potential to improve risk‐stratification methods and may be informative regarding biological pathways contributing to disease.

Methods and Results

We used a discovery proteomic platform that targeted high‐value proteins for
CVD
to ascertain 85 circulating protein biomarkers in 3523 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age, 62 years; 53% women). Using multivariable‐adjusted Cox models to account for clinical variables, we found 8 biomarkers associated with incident atherosclerotic
CVD
, 18 with incident heart failure, 38 with all‐cause mortality, and 35 with
CVD
death (false discovery rate, q<0.05 for all;
P
‐value ranges, 9.8×10
−34
to 3.6×10
−2
). Notably, a number of regulators of metabolic and adipocyte homeostasis were associated with cardiovascular events, including insulin‐like growth factor 1 (
IGF
1), insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 1 (
IGFBP
1), insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 2 (
IGFBP
2), leptin, and adipsin. In a multimarker approach that accounted for clinical factors, growth differentiation factor 15 (
GDF
15) was associated with all outcomes. In addition, N‐terminal pro‐b‐type natriuretic peptide, C‐reactive protein, and leptin were associated with incident heart failure, and C‐type lectin domain family 3 member B (
CLEC
3B; tetranectin), N‐terminal pro‐b‐type natriuretic peptide, arabinogalactan protein 1 (AGP1), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (
sRAGE)
, peripheral myelin protein 2 (
PMP
2), uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein (
UCMGP)
, kallikrein B1 (KLKB1),
IGFBP
2,
IGF
1, leptin receptor, and cystatin‐C were associated with all‐cause mortality in a multimarker model.

Conclusions
We identified numerous protein biomarkers that predicted cardiovascular outcomes and all‐cause mortality, including biomarkers representing regulators of metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory pathways. Further studies are needed to validate our findings and define clinical utility, with the ultimate goal of improving strategies for CVD prevention.
From Pacifism to Trotskyism
Authors: Birchall Ian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe French journal Clarté had its origins in a movement launched just after the end of World War I by Henri Barbusse. It was soon taken over by a group of more radical intellectuals, who were close to the French Communist Party but not under its direct control. The journal combined politics and culture. It attempted to analyse the changing world-conjuncture, and in particular the significance of the defeated revolutions in Germany and China. But it also developed a theory of culture under the influence of the Russian proletcult, Victor Serge, Georges Sorel and surrealism. In 1927, under the influence of Pierre Naville, Clarté broke with the Moscow-dominated Communist Party and became the organ of the French Left Opposition. Cuenot has given a well-researched and balanced account of its development.
Cultural Formation and Appropriation in the Era of Merchant Capitalism
Authors: Crane William 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDiscussions of ‘cultural appropriation’ in popular culture suffer from an inherited politics of authenticity and ownership originating in a liberal legal–ethical framework. Here, I use Raymond Williams’s and Stuart Hall’s cultural theory to pinpoint the place at which cultural-appropriation discourse goes wrong – an essentialist and anti- historical notion of colonial encounters. We can overcome these limits through Marxist cultural and historical analysis. Outrage about colonial violence which most often roots appropriation discourse is better understood within the context of an account of the transition to capitalism beginning with the Low Countries and their eastern colonies. Furthermore, the Marxist idea of the cosmopolitan cultures of both capital and labour offers a productive path for the history of culture rooted in the same colonial encounter.
Defining My Own Oppression: Neoliberalism and the Demands of Victimhood
Authors: Shi Chi-Chi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this article I explore a central paradox of contemporary identity politics: why do we look for recognition from the very institutions we reject as oppressive? I argue that neoliberalism’s continued assault on the bases for collectivity has led to a suspicion that ‘the collective’ is an essentialising concept. The assault on the collective coupled with the neoliberal imperative to create an ‘authentic’ self has led to trauma and victimhood becoming the only bases on which people can unite. This manifests discursively and theoretically in the primary trope of contemporary activism: ‘intersectionality’. Mobilising around this analytical concept has led to an analysis of oppression that, even as it claims to be systemic, is totally dematerialised and relentlessly individualised. Instead of building collective power, we are left with a politics of individual demand coming from a coalition of dispersed subject positions.
New Rainfall Datasets for the Congo Basin and Surrounding Regions
Authors: Nicholson S. E. , Klotter D. , Dezfuli A. K. , Zhou L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper describes three new rainfall datasets that have been developed for equatorial Africa. The development relies on acquisition of recent gauge data from the relevant countries and statistical methods to fill in gaps in coverage. Two of the three datasets are gridded with spatial resolutions of 2.5° and 5.0°, and the third is regionally aggregated and based purely on gauge data. The work is based on a total of 1826 gauge records in the analysis sector, of which only several hundred operate in recent years. The gridded datasets were produced and validated by using a period of dense coverage (1947–72) to “calibrate” a spatial reconstruction method, which is then utilized to grid data for the remaining years. The period 1973–2010 served as a validation period. The validation was carried out by comparing the gridded values with values obtained by simple averaging of station data in grid boxes with an adequate number of stations. This exercise clearly showed that the statistical reconstruction approach based on principal components produced far superior results than those from the more commonly used kriging. The gridded datasets cover each month of the year, six seasons, and annual rainfall, and they commence in 1921 and extend through 2014. In contrast, the gauge-only regional dataset covers varied time periods, depending on the geographical region in question. Records for several regions cover nearly all of the twentieth century and most extend to 2014.
Repetitive head injury in adolescent mice: A role for vascular inflammation
Authors: Wu Limin , Chung Joon Y , Saith Shivani , Tozzi Lorenzo , Buckley Erin M , Sanders Bharat , Franceschini Maria A , Lule Sevda , Izzy Saef , Lok Josephine , Edmiston William J , McAllister Lauren M , Mebane Sloane , Jin Gina , Lu Jiaxi , Sherwood John S , Willwerth Sarah , Hickman Suzanne , Khoury Joseph El , Lo Eng H , Kaplan David , Whalen Michael J 
Published: July 2018

Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury during adolescence can induce neurological dysfunction through undefined mechanisms. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) contributes to experimental adult diffuse and contusion TBI models, and IL-1 antagonists have entered clinical trials for severe TBI in adults; however, no such data exist for adolescent TBI. We developed an adolescent mouse repetitive closed head injury (rCHI) model to test the role of IL-1 family members in post-injury neurological outcome. Compared to one CHI, three daily injuries (3HD) produced acute and chronic learning deficits and emergence of hyperactivity, without detectable gliosis, neurodegeneration, brain atrophy, and white matter loss at one year. Mature IL-1β and IL-18 were induced in brain endothelium in 3HD but not 1HD, three hit weekly, or sham animals. IL-1β processing was induced cell-autonomously in three-dimensional human endothelial cell cultures subjected to in vitro concussive trauma. Mice deficient in IL-1 receptor-1 or caspase-1 had improved post-injury Morris water maze performance. Repetitive mild CHI in adolescent mice may induce behavioral deficits in the absence of significant histopathology. The endothelium is a potential source of IL-1β and IL-18 in rCHI, and IL-1 family members may be therapeutic targets to reduce or prevent neurological dysfunction after repetitive mild TBI in adolescents.
Inflammatory cytokine release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium in vitro
Authors: Barkarmo Sargon , Östberg Anna-Karin , Johansson Carina Birgitta , Franco-Tabares Sebastian , Johansson Petra Hammarström , Dahlgren Ulf , Stenport Victoria 
Published: July 2018

Objective To investigate the cytokine expression profiles of blood cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium materials in vitro. Materials and methods Coin-shaped samples composed of titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium, polyetheretherketone, and blasted polyetheretherketone were manufactured. The surfaces of the coins were characterized using optical interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 10 blood donors were cultured for one, three, and six days in the presence or absence of the coins, and then assayed for cytokine production. Quantification of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells attached to the coins was performed using confocal microscopy after immunofluorescence staining. Results The machined titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium coins had a smoother surface topography compared to the machined polyetheretherketone and blasted polyetheretherketone. The highest mean contact angle was noted for the blasted polyetheretherketone, followed by the machined polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced significantly more proinflammatory cytokines when exposed to the polyetheretherketone surface compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface, while the blasted polyetheretherketone induced the highest level of proinflammatory cytokine release from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Significantly more cells attached to both polyetheretherketone surfaces, as compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface. Conclusion Polyetheretherketone induces a stronger inflammatory response from peripheral blood mononuclear cells than does titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. Surface topography has an impact on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
The Impact of a Policy-Based Multicomponent Nutrition Pilot Intervention on Young Adult Employee’s Diet and Health Outcomes
Authors: Schliemann Désirée , McKinley Michelle , Woodside Jayne V. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: Evaluate the effect of a policy-based, multicomponent workplace diet intervention on young adult employees’ diet and health. Design: A 6-month, single-armed pilot study with before and after assessments. Setting: Insurance company in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Participants: Employees who worked at the company throughout the intervention period were included. Employees were excluded if pregnant, breast-feeding, or following a strict diet. Intervention: Multicomponent diet intervention: ban of unhealthy foods brought into the premises, free fruit, education, individual advice, and further support. Measures: Mixed-methods approach: Diet-, health-, and work-related measures were assessed quantitatively. The campaign was evaluated quantitatively (via questionnaire) and qualitatively (via semistructured interviews). Analysis: Changes in measures were analyzed using paired samples t tests. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Sixty (75.9%) staff completed all assessments. Males reduced their sugar intake on working days (−8.7% of total energy standard deviation [SD]: 20.1; P value <.01). Systolic blood pressure reduced in males and females (−3.3 SD: 9.9; P value <.05 and −8.0 SD: 7.7; P value <.001, respectively); 85.2% of staff strongly agreed/agreed that they appreciated the healthy eating ethos. This was supported by the qualitative analysis which furthermore suggested that the education, team support, individual advice, and free fruit were beneficial. Conclusion: Influencing workplace policies and offering additional dietary support could lead to meaningful changes in employees’ diet and health and may change workplace culture.