bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Políticas de ciência, tecnologia e inovação no Brasil: panorama histórico e contemporâneo
Authors: Bufrem Leilah Santiago , Silveira Murilo , Freitas Juliana Lazzarotto 
Published: April 2019

Destaca, a partir da década de 1970, no Brasil, a ênfase ao desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, em sua demanda por mecanismos e políticas para regular padrões de qualidade e avaliar a ciência produzida. O cenário da informação foi mudando de prioridades devido ao desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação e de comunicação, inclusive com a consolidação da Ciência da Informação no mundo, priorizando a infraestrutura tecnológica de informação. Essa mudança de paradigma, em 1990, desponta com um conjunto de recursos de infraestrutura tecnológica demandados para o funcionamento de organizações, sociedades e atividades, paralelamente ao advento da chamada sociedade da informação, com seu viés tecnicista e estritamente mercadológico em inovação. Menciona algumas implicações decorrentes dessas mudanças, como a assimetria geográfica no desenvolvimento da pesquisa e inovação. Destaca as agências fomentadoras e reguladoras das políticas públicas de CT&I que hoje se destacam pelas ações e iniciativas relacionadas à ciência: MCTI, CNPq e Capes. Esta última estabelece os parâmetros e o processo de avaliação dos periódicos e dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas. Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação. Política em Ciência. Tecnologia e Inovação. Brasil. História.Link: http://revista.ibict.br/p2p/article/view/4368
Saúde e direitos sociais
Authors: Martins Rosane Aparecida de Sousa 
Published: April 2019

Resumo: Os direitos sociais são identificados como direitos que têm como objetivo buscar ou ampliar a qualidade de vida e de trabalho para toda a população, de modo a lhe garantir condições dignas de vida em sociedade. Historicamente, os direitos sociais foram conquistados a partir de lutas e mobilizações populares visando à superação das iniquidades sociais, da opressão e precarização das condições de vida e de trabalho. Nesse contexto, destaca-se a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, de 1948, que completa 70 anos em 2018. Esse documento ratifica o reconhecimento de que as pessoas devem ter acesso a direitos sociais que assegurem a si e à sua família um padrão de vida capaz de garantir o atendimento de suas necessidades e demandas para viverem com dignidade. Palavras- Chaves: Saúde; Direitos sociais; Tecnologia da informação; Internet; Educação em saúde; Comunicação em saúde; Gestão da informação em saúde; Mídias sociais.
Preservação de objetos acessíveis em bibliotecas digitais e os aspectos de vulnerabilidades
Authors: Dos Santos Christiane Gomes , De Araújo Wagner Junqueira 
Published: April 2019

RESUMOAs bibliotecas digitais são serviços constituídos por recursos técnicos e humanos que possibilitam a seleção, organização, armazenamento, preservação e compartilhamento de informações para comunidades, organizações e grupos específicos. Estudos acerca dessas bibliotecas apontam diversas aplicabilidades para o desenvolvimento de suas implantações. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer as vulnerabilidades existentes em bibliotecas digitais voltadas para usuários com deficiência visual. Para tanto, estabeleceu-se uma metodologia que procurou identificar e analisar os tipos de vulnerabilidades existentes no contexto das bibliotecas digitais acessíveis, com base em aplicações de testes de penetração e especificação de níveis de riscos com a utilização da ferramenta Netsparker 3.1 em bibliotecas que utilizam plataformas de gerenciamento de objetos digitais. A pesquisa ocorreu em âmbito brasileiro, nas seguintes bibliotecas: Biblioteca Digital e Sonora da Universidade de Brasília (BDS/UnB), Biblioteca Digital Acessível do Ministério da Educação (BDA/MEC) e o Repositório de Informação Acessível da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (RIA/UFRN), evidenciando a importância de avaliações de riscos, e a elaboração de estratégias para o fortalecimento dos mecanismos de defesa para eventuais ameaças a que estejam expostas essas bibliotecas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bibliotecas digitais, Deficiente visuais, Estudo de usuários, Objeto digital acessível, Preservação digital, Usuários com deficiência visual, Vulnerabilidade
‘Proveniência’ na terminografia arquivística de língua portuguesa: prospeção e visualização de (dis)similaridades em termos e definições
Authors: De Macedo L. S. Ascensão 
Published: April 2019

RESUMOEste artigo estuda o termo ‘proveniência’ com base na terminografia arquivística publicada em Portugal e no Brasil (1986-2013). Analisam-se ocorrências do termo ‘proveniência’ em entradas terminológicas e definições com o objetivo de identificar relações de similaridade/dissimilaridade em datasets. Adota-se uma abordagem semasiológica baseada em corpora diacrónicos com recurso a ferramentas de prospeção de dados textuais. Das 2760 entradas terminológicas, o termo ‘proveniência’ ocorre em 71, manifestando-se quer de forma monolexemática quer polilexemática. Verifica-se escassa reutilização de termos e definições na terminografia arquivística em contexto intralinguístico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Arquivologia, Lingua portuguesa, Princípio da proveniência, Terminologia link: http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RICI/article/view/8334/9580
Revistas Indexadas
Authors: PBCIB Revista 
Published: April 2019

- Ágorav. 28, n. 57 - https://agora.emnuvens.com.br/ra/issue/view/69/showToc - Biblionlinev. 14, n. 2 – http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/biblio/issue/view/2153/showTocn. 3 - http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/biblio/issue/view/2159/showToc - Biblioteca Escolar em Revistav. 6, n. 1 - http://www.revistas.usp.br/berev/issue/view/10847 - BRAJISv. 12, n. 2 - http://www2.marilia.unesp.br/revistas/index.php/bjis/issue/view/474 - Ciência da Informaçãov. 47, n. 2 - http://revista.ibict.br/ciinf/issue/view/234/showToc - Ciência da Informação em Revistav. 5, n. 2 - http://www.seer.ufal.br/index.php/cir/issue/view/336/showToc - Comunicação & Informaçãov. 21, n. 2 - https://revistas.ufg.br/ci/issue/view/2006 - Convergências em CIv. 1, n. 2 - https://seer.ufs.br/index.php/conci/issue/view/735/showToc - Em Questãov. 24, n. 3 - https://seer.ufrgs.br/EmQuestao/issue/view/3547/showToc - Encontros Bibliv. 23, n. 53 - https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/eb/issue/view/2673/showToc - Folha de Rostov. 4, n. 2 - https://periodicos.ufca.edu.br/ojs/index.php/folhaderosto/issue/view/21/showToc - Inclusão Socialv. 11, n. 1 – http://revista.ibict.br/inclusao/issue/view/254/showTocn. 2 - http://revista.ibict.br/inclusao/issue/view/243/showToc - Informação & Informaçãov. 23, n. 2 - http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/informacao/issue/view/1425 - Informação & Sociedadev. 28, n. 2 - http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ies/issue/view/2033/showToc - Informação & Tecnologiav. 4, n. 1 - http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs/index.php/itec/issue/view/1918 - Informação em Pautav. 3, n. esp. - http://www.periodicos.ufc.br/informacaoempauta/issue/view/Sinforgeds%202018/showToc - Informação@Profissõesv. 7, n. 1 - http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/infoprof/issue/view/1470 - Logeionv. 5, n. 1 - http://revista.ibict.br/fiinf/issue/view/261/showToc - Memória & Informaçãov. 2, n. 1 - http://memoriaeinformacao.casaruibarbosa.gov.br/index.php/fcrb/issue/view/5 - Múltiplos Olhares em CIv. 8, n. 1 - http://portaldeperiodicos.eci.ufmg.br/index.php/moci/issue/view/183/showToc - P2P Inovaçãov. 5, n. 1 - http://revista.ibict.br/p2p/issue/view/262/showToc - Perspectivas em CI:v. 23, n. 3 - http://portaldeperiodicos.eci.ufmg.br/index.php/pci/issue/view/185/showToc - Perspectivas em Gestão e Conhecimentov. 8, n. 2 - http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs/index.php/pgc/issue/archive - Revista ACBv. 23, n. 2 - https://revista.acbsc.org.br/racb/issue/view/67 - RBBDv. 14, n. 2 - https://rbbd.febab.org.br/rbbd/issue/view/83/showTocn. esp. 1 - https://rbbd.febab.org.br/rbbd/issue/view/84 - RECIIS:v. 12, n. 2 - https://www.reciis.icict.fiocruz.br/index.php/reciis/issue/view/85/showToc - RICI:v. 11, n. 2 - http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RICI/issue/view/819 - Transinformaçãov. 29, n. 1 – http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_issuetoc&pid=0103-378620170001&lng=pt&nrm=ison. 2 - http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_issuetoc&pid=0103-378620170002&lng=pt&nrm=iso
DIRETORES/AS EM AÇÃO: FORMAÇÃO AUDIOVISUAL ATRAVESSADA POR METODOLOGIAS FEMINISTAS
Authors: Satler Lara Lima 
Published: April 2019

Este texto discute sobre algumas ações que os sujeitos envolvidos nesta investigação (eu e os participantes das disciplinas/ e do projeto de extensão Pezinho de Jatobá) dirigiram. Tal direção diz respeito tanto a função de estar a frente de uma produção audiovisual quanto de seu próprio aprender. A fim de construir processos de interformação, abarco tanto os objetivos de aprendizagem da minha prática docente, quanto as metas de aperfeiçoamento audiovisual, ambos pautados por referências de metodologias feministas. Como metodologia de pesquisa foram utilizadas a reflexão-ação, bem como os diários da professora-pesquisadora e dos discentes. Como resultados, pretende-se contribuir com a discussão sobre os atravessamentos de metodologias feministas em práticas docentes envolvendo o audiovisual. Palavras-chave: formação de professores/as; metodologias feministas; educação da cultura visual
Effects of pH and Application Technique of In-office Bleaching Gels on Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration into the Pulp Chamber
Authors: Balladares L , Alegría-Acevedo LF , Montenegro-Arana A , Arana-Gordillo LA , Pulido C , Salazar-Gracez MT , Reis A , Loguercio AD 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY

Objective:
This in vitro study aimed to quantify the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber in teeth submitted to in-office bleaching with varied pH and application techniques. The color change and pH of the in-office bleaching product during application was also evaluated.

Methods and Materials:
Ninety-six human premolars were used and randomly divided into 10 groups (n=9) according to the following combination of factors: pH of in-office bleaching agents (two neutral/alkaline pH: Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% and three acidic pH: Whiteness HP Maxx 35%, Lase Peroxide Sensy 35%, and Total Blanc Office 35%) and application modes (for 3 × 15 minutes [3×15] and 1 × 45 minutes [1×45]). An additional group of non-bleached teeth (control; n=6) was added. First, all teeth were sectioned 3 mm from the cementoenamel junction and the pulp tissue was removed. An acetate buffer was placed in the pulp chamber of all teeth. After bleaching, this solution was transferred to a glass tube in which HP was allowed to react with other components, resulting in a pink solution. The optical density of this pink solution was measured using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and converted into amount of HP. Color change before and 1 week after bleaching was evaluated using a digital spectrophotometer. A pH meter with a 6-mm circular and flat surface was used in contact with the enamel surface to quantify the pH of the bleaching gels during application. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05).

Results:
Overall, lower mean HP penetration values were observed for Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% compared with other bleaching gels (p&lt;0.05). Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% were not influenced by the application technique (p&gt;0.05). However, lower mean HP penetration values were observed for Whiteness HP Maxx 35%, Total Blanc Office 35%, and Lase Peroxide Sensy 35% when using the 3×15 application technique compared with the 1×45 technique (p&lt;0.05). Significant whitening was detected and no significant difference of color change was observed between groups (p&gt;0.54). The pH did not change during the 3×15 application technique; however, all acidic bleaching gels significantly decreased in pH when applied for 1×45 (p&lt;0.01).

Conclusions:
The amount of HP that reaches the pulp chamber was lower when neutral/alkaline pH gels were used, independently of the application technique. When considering acidic pH gels, it is preferable to use the 3×15 application technique, mainly because longer application time (1×45) results in lower pH. No difference was observed between groups with regards to color change.
COLON ATRESIA IN COMBINATION WITH HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE: A RARE CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Karavaeva S. A. , Kagan A. V. , Kotin A. N. , Kesaeva T. V. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction. Hirschsprung’s disease is a congenital anomaly characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in submucosal and intramuscular layers of intestinal wall that leads to the intestinal obstruction. 70–80 % of cases are isolated malformation but it can be combined with chromosomal abnormalities and other malformations. Coexistence of Hirschsprung’s disease with intestinal atresia is extremely rare. It can cause significant difficulties in diagnostics and treatment.Material and methods.Patient A, a boy, was transferred to the surgical department at the age of two days with a history of intestinal obstruction. He had abdominal X-ray studies: intestinal obstruction. The contrast enema showed microcolon that was coiled in the pelvis. Patient was prepared to the surgical treatment. Intraoperatively colonic atresia was identified at 10 sm from the ileocecal valve. A double colostomy was performed to the child and biopsy on the level of mucous fistula was taken. Histological study showed the aganglionosis of the distal colon. At the age of 4 months, the patient underwent Soave-Swenson endorectal pullthrough procedure with intraoperative extended express-biopsy that confirmed the absence of ganglion cells in whole distal bowel. The aganglionic part was resected, the ileocecal valve with the part of the colon of 10 cm long was mobilized and the endorectal bringing the colon down to the perineum was performed by Soave – Swenson. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.Results.A high index of suspicion is required to promptly diagnose Hirschsprung’s disease in a child with colonic atresia despite the rare combination of these two anomalies. In this case the histological study allowed to recognize association of colonic atresia with Hirschsprung’s disease and helped to avoid complications after further surgery.Conclusions. Early detection of coexisting of these two anomalies helps to prevent the development of serious postoperative complications.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Terhadap Devidend Payout Ratio
Authors: Gean Karlos Purba Iwan Firdaus, 
Published: April 2019

This research was conducted to examine the effect of Currrent ratio (CR), Return on asset (ROA), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Sales Growth to Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The object for this research is pharmaceutical and cosmetics sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012-2016. This research was conducted using quantitative menthod with total 30 sample of research were determined by saturated sampling. Method of hypothesis testing using t-test. This research use Currrent ratio (X1), Return on asset (X2), Debt to Equity Ratio (X3), Sales Growth (X4) as independent variable and Dividend Payout Ratio as dependent variable. The results of this research is Return on asset positive and has significant effect to Dividend Payout Ratio, for Currrent ratios and Sales Growth a positive but significant effect on Dividend Payout Ratio, whlile the Debt to Equity Ratio positive and has no significant effect to Dividend Payout Ratio.
Perencanaan Drainase Vertikal Di Jalan Cendana 2 Perumahan Bumi Sumekar Asri Kecamatan Kota Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Chayati Cholilul , Rezi Nur Hikma 
Published: April 2019

Genangan adalah peristiwa tergenangnya air karena volume air yang meningkat. Juga dapat diartikan sebagai keluarnya air di suatu kawasan sehingga kurang kapasitas penampang saluran pembuang. Genangan berawal dari peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan perubahan tata guna lahan. Kapasitas drainase yang kecil dan banyaknya sedimen dalam saluran drainase menyebabkan genangan. Permasalahan lain juga muncul dari air buangan rumah tangga. Metode yang dipakai adalah deskriptif kuantitatif . Data yang diperlukan data curah hujan dan jumlah penduduk. Data Curah hujan yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan harian maksimum menggunakan 3 stasiun dengan perbandingan stasiun lainnya. Data curah hujan dianalisis dengan metode Gumbel. Data curah hujan kemudian diterapkan dalam intensitas hujan per jam dengan metode mononobe. Intensitas hujan berguna untuk menghitung debit puncak. Berdasarkan data dan analisa perhitungan, menyimpulkan bahwa debit air limbah dan debit air kotor yang dihasilkan sebesar 2,7339905918 m3/det. Secara keseluruhan jumlah sumur resapan yang dihasilkan berjumlah 4 sumur diantaranya 2 sumur untuk Blok A, 2 sumur untuk Blok B dengan dimensi 1,4 m, kedalaman 4,01 m
Studi Perbandingan Waktu Dan Biaya Dengan Metode Konstruksi Yang Berbeda (Studi Kasus Dalam Proyek Pembangunan Villa Grand Sinensis)
Authors: Aisyah Siti Nur , Yakin Kusnul , Bustamin Maulidya Octaviani 
Published: April 2019

Lawang merupakan sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Lawang dikenal sebagai kota peristirahatan sejak zaman penjajahan belanda. Karena itu tidak mengherankan bila sampai saat ini masih banyak ditemui bangunan kuno bergaya belanda di lawang, termasuk stasiun kereta api yang merupakan salah satu persinggahan kereta api jalur selatan dari Surabaya ke Malang. Namun dewasa ini lawang terbawa modernisasi dengan munculnya banyak villa-villa. Seiring dengan perkembangan waktu pembangunan villa semakin banyak 90% seluruh pembangunan villa sudah menggunakan metode kontruksi dengan penambahan alat bantu. Pada proyek pembangunan villa grand sinensis ini tidak menggunakan bantuan alat berat untuk pembangunannya, maka pada Tugas Akhir ini menganalisis percepatan waktu dan pengaruhnya terhadap biaya dengan metode yang berbeda dimaksudkan dengan membandingkan beberapa jenis pekerjaan yang menggunakan alat berat dan tanpa alat berat. Proses percepatan waktu dimulai dari perhitungan durasi/waktu beberapa pekerjaan yang ditambahkan alat berat dengan metode AON (Activity On Node). Dari lintasan kritis tersebut didapatkan hasil berdasarkan dengan metode penambahan alat berat kemudian didapatkan hasil penghematan waktu dari durasi normal 362 hari menjadi 316 hari setelah penambahan alat berat, untuk biaya normal dari Rp. 19.324.921.775,22 menjadi Rp. 21.037.675.404,99 kenaikannya mencapai 4,3 %.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KALIMAT BAHASA JERMAN SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COURSE REVIEW HORAY (CRH)
Authors: Astuti Astuti , Mannahali Misnah 
Published: April 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan menulis kalimat sederhana siswa melalui model pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Teknik penumpulan data dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif, yaitu data yang mendeskripsikan proses hasil belajar yang diperoleh melalui observasi. Sedangkan kuantitatif diperoleh dari hasil tes siklus I dan siklus II. Nilai rata-rata hasil tes siswa pada siklus I adalah 4,64 (66,28%) dan pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata – rata siswa 5,97 (85,28%) Hal ini berarti bahwa keterampilan menulis kalimat sederhana bahasa Jerman siswa kelas X Bahasa dan Sastra 2 SMA Negeri 5 Bulukumba menggunakan model pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH) mengalami peningkatan
Pendapatan dan Nilai Tambah Pengolahan Primer Kopi Arabika di Desa Sait Buttu Saribu, Kecamatan Pamatang Sidamanik, Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Saragih Jef Rudiantho 
Published: April 2019

<p class="ISI-Paragraf">Primary processing is the most important aspect in enhancing the added value at farm business level, but some farmers have not done yet. This study aims to analyze the income of arabica coffee farm business, the difference in farmers’ income that sells coffee in parchment and cherry red, and the added value of selling in parchment. Data were analyzed with Revenue Cost Ratio (RCR), Independent Sample t Test, and added value analysis method of Hayami et al. (1987). The results showed that arabica coffee farming with parchment had a higher RCR and was significantly different from cherry red, and which sold both parchment and cherry red. Income of farmers who sell parchment is differs significantly from who sell cherry red and those who sell both parchment and cherry red. The added value of primary processing is 30%, while the income of family labor from the primary processing is 69%.</p>
PENGEMBANGAN FLIPBOOK PRODUK KHAS KALIMANTAN BARAT BERBASIS FERMENTASI SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PEMBELAJARAN BIOTEKNOLOGI DI SMA KUBU RAYA
Authors: Mardhatillah Machicha Icha , Rahayu Hanum Mukti , Qurbaniah Mahwar 
Published: April 2019

Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan guru khususnya di SMAS Taman Mulia, SMAS Kemala Bayangkari Kubu Raya, SMAN 1 Sungai Raya, dan MA Al-Mustaqim diketahui guru selama ini dalam mengajarkan materi bioteknologi hanya menggunakan buku paket dan lembar kerja siswa (LKS) hanya memberikan contoh produk bioteknologi secara umum sehingga siswa tidak tahu produk bioteknologi yang ada di sekitarnya. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan media atau bahan ajar yang inovatif yang dapat memasukan konteks kelokalan dan budaya setempat dalam bentuk flipbook dengan nuansa lokal sehingga media pembelajaran yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media flipbook produk khas Kalimantan Barat berbasis ferentasi sebagai penunjang pembelajaran bioteknologi di SMA dan MA Kubu Raya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan metode (R&D) model 4-D yang telah dimodifikasi, yaitu tahap Define, Design, Develop dan Disseminate. Penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap develop yaitu sampai tahap validitas. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian dari 15 validator yang terdiri dari 5 validator materi, 5 validator bahasa, dan 5 validator media. Hasil penelitian menujukan kevalidan berdasarkan aspek materi sebesar 68,13%, aspek media sebesar 81,33%, dan aspek bahasa 88,50%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah media flipbook produk khas Kalimantan Barat berbasis ferentasi layak
RELEVANSI ISLAM NUSANTARA SEBAGAI EPISTEMOLOGI PANCASILA Upaya Merangkai Sebab, Menyemai Tanggungjawab
Authors: Majid Mohamad Arif 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Nusantara Islam is ala Indonesian Islam, a combination of theological values of Islam and Local traditions of Nusantara. The characteristics of Nusantara Islam show local wisdom in Nusantara which does not disobey Islamic teaching, yet they synergize it to local customs all over Indonesia. The coming of Islam in Nusantara did not break nor challenge the local traditions but it enriched and simultaneously Islamized them. The constant contact between local traditions and Islamic soul resulted in mutual binding and complement to form an excellent character believed and preserved from generation to generation for centuries. Hence, the value had been so close and attached to Indonesian character. For years such character stayed in the womb of Nusantara Islam and ready to be born, and then Bung Karno together with the nation founding fathers helped the birth of this nation value as the foundation of Indonesian Independence. This was the most wanted Pancasila which is believed now has been left by Indonesians and some faults and deviations on the life of state management and social system occurred. Muslims, therefore, must be responsible for this and take strategic steps at once to face this by carrying out the right and precise Islamic education.