bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of total testosterone levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Gencer Baris , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Nanchen David , Collet Tinh-Hai , Klingenberg Roland , Räber Lorenz , Auer Reto , Carballo David , Carballo Sebastian , Aghlmandi Soheila , Heg Dik , Windecker Stephan , Lüscher Thomas F , Matter Christian M , Rodondi Nicolas , Mach François 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Endogenous testosterone levels decrease in men with aging. Controversies persist regarding the screening and treatment of low testosterone levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Methods and results
Total serum testosterone levels were measured in 1054 men hospitalized for ACS that were part of a Swiss prospective cohort. Total testosterone levels were classified first in tertiles and using the cut-off of 300 ng/dL. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at one year. Cox regression models adjusting for the GRACE score (composite of age, heart rate systolic blood pressure, creatinine, cardiac arrest at admission, ST segment deviation, abnormal troponin enzyme and Killip classification), preexisting diabetes and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). A total of 430 men (40.8%) had total testosterone levels ≤300 ng/dL. Low total testosterone levels were correlated with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal-pro B-type natriuretic peptide and glucose levels (all p &lt; 0.01). Patients in the lowest testosterone tertile had a mortality rate at one-year of 5.4% compared with 2.9% in the highest tertile with an unadjusted hazard ratio of 1.92 (95% confidence interval 0.96–1.90, p = 0.095) and adjusted hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% confidence interval 0.57–2.78, p = 0.565). In an exploratory analysis, the highest mortality rate (10.3%) was observed in men aged &gt;65 years old belonging to the lowest testosterone tertile.

Conclusion
In this large population of men with ACS, we found a prevalence of low total endogenous testosterone levels of almost 40%. However, low testosterone levels were not significantly associated with mortality after adjustment for high-risk confounders.
Estimation of cardiovascular risk based on total cholesterol versus total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein within different ethnic groups: The HELIUS study
Authors: Perini Wilco , Snijder Marieke B , Peters Ron J , Kunst Anton E , van Valkengoed Irene G 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsEuropean guidelines recommend estimating cardiovascular disease risk using the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm. Two versions of SCORE are available: one based on the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and one based on total cholesterol alone. Cardiovascular risk classification between the two algorithms may differ, particularly among ethnic minority groups with a lipid profile different from the ethnic majority groups among whom the SCORE algorithms were validated. Thus in this study we determined whether discrepancies in cardiovascular risk classification between the two SCORE algorithms are more common in ethnic minority groups relative to the Dutch.MethodsUsing HELIUS study data (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), we obtained data from 7572 participants without self-reported prior cardiovascular disease of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish and Moroccan ethnic origin. For both SCORE algorithms, cardiovascular risk was estimated and used to categorise participants as low (&lt;1%), medium (1–5%), high (5–10%) or very high (≥10%) risk. Odds of differential cardiovascular risk classification were determined by logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe percentage of participants classified differently between the algorithms ranged from 8.7% to 12.4% among ethnic minority men versus 11.4% among Dutch men, and from 1.9% to 5.5% among ethnic minority women versus 6.2% among Dutch women. Relative to the Dutch, only Turkish and Moroccan women showed significantly different (lower) odds of differential cardiovascular risk classification.ConclusionWe found no indication that discrepancies in cardiovascular risk classification between the two SCORE algorithms are consistently more common in ethnic minority groups than among ethnic majority groups.
The development of ‘Make One Small Change’: an e-health intervention for the workplace developed using the Person-Based Approach
Authors: Howarth Ana , Quesada Jose , Donnelly Todd , Mills Peter R 
Published: June 2019

Background The application of digital health interventions is widespread and many employers are implementing employee e-health programs. Intended to enhance productivity by increasing wellbeing, workplace interventions often lack evidence of effectiveness and have low rates of retention. Use of the person-based approach (PBA) is one solution, which offers a systematic framework for developing effective digital health interventions. This paper describes the application of the PBA to the development of ‘Make one small change’ (Cigna MSC™), an online behaviour change system for lifestyle habits focused on resilience, movement, eating and sleep. Method and results The development of Cigna MSC™ took place over four stages with colleagues ( n = 79) across Cigna globally. Application of the PBA entailed using high amounts of qualitative data to inform development and a cyclical process of ‘listening, applying and delivering’ was adhered to throughout. Early stages involved review of current literature and the collection of feedback in relation to existing interventions. Combined, results revealed key intervention development issues that were then used to form guiding principles. Guiding principles ensured intervention objectives translated into relevant design features. The final stages of evaluation included testing images, text and content approaches. Feedback dictated that the intervention should be fun, easy to use and include milestones for self-monitoring. The resulting version was finalised and made ready to pilot so future analysis can be made in relation to real-world engagement and the embedded evaluative content can be used to provide evidence of intervention effectiveness. Conclusions Using the PBA, which was evolved specifically to improve development of digital interventions, resulted in a workplace intervention embedded with in-depth user input combined with evidenced-based theory. This paper illustrates how using a rigorous methodology can drive the creation of an effective digital health intervention that uniquely allows for refinement at each stage.
Frequency and prognostic impact of KIT and other genetic variants in indolent systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Muñoz-González Javier I. , Álvarez-Twose Iván , Jara-Acevedo María , Henriques Ana , Viñas Esther , Prieto Carlos , Sánchez-Muñoz Laura , Caldas Carolina , Mayado Andrea , Matito Almudena , Dasilva-Freire Noelia , Orfao Alberto , García-Montero Andrés C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIndolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) patients have a normal life expectancy, except in the 5% to 10% of cases that progress to more advanced SM (advSM), which has a significantly poorer outcome. Mutations in genes other than KIT frequently found in myeloid neoplasms have been associated with a poorer outcome among advSM, whereas limited information exists about their frequency and prognostic impact in ISM. We investigated the frequency and prognostic impact of variants in 18 genes, found to be altered in advSM, in 322 ISM patients (median follow-up, 5.7 years) divided into discovery (n = 200) and validation (n = 122) cohorts. Overall, 71 genetic variants were detected in 55 of 322 (17%) patients. Mutated ISM cases, particularly those carrying ASXL1, RUNX1, and/or DNMT3A (A/R/D) pathogenic variant allele frequencies (VAFs) ≥ 30%, exhibited significantly shortened (P &lt; .001) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed that serum β2-microglobulin (sβ2M) levels &gt; 2.5 µg/mL (hazard ratio [HR], 9.8; P = .001), together with a KIT D816V VAF ≥ 1% in bone marrow (BM) (HR, 10.1; P = .02) and pathogenic variants of A/R/D VAFs ≥ 30% (HR, 4.2; P = .02), were the best combination of independent predictors for PFS. In turn, A/R/D gene pathogenic VAF ≥ 30% was the only independent predictor for OS (HR, 51.8; P &lt; .001). Based on these variables, 2 scoring systems were constructed for risk stratification of ISM at diagnosis with significantly different 10-year PFS (100%, 91%, 0% for scores of 0, 1, ≥2, respectively) and OS (100% and 50% for scores of 0 and 1) rates.
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell and kidney transplantation for hematological malignancies and end-stage renal failure
Authors: Chen Yi-Bin , Elias Nahel , Heher Eliot , McCune Jeannine S. , Collier Kerry , Li Shuli , Del Rio Candice , El-Jawahri Areej , Williams Winfred , Tolkoff-Rubin Nina , Fishman Jay A. , McAfee Steven , Dey Bimalangshu R. , DeFilipp Zachariah , O’Donnell Paul V. , Cosimi A. Benedict , Sachs David , Kawai Tatsuo , Spitzer Thomas R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAt Massachusetts General Hospital, we pioneered simultaneous hematopoietic cell (HCT)/kidney transplantation from HLA-identical related donors for the treatment of hematological malignancies with end-stage renal failure. We have now extended this to HLA-haploidentical donors in a pilot trial. Six recipients, 5 of whom were conditioned with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and total-body irradiation, underwent combined HCT/kidney transplantation from haploidentical donors; graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included post-HCT cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. One patient died as a result of complications of fludarabine neurological toxicity. No neurological toxicity was observed in subsequent patients who received lower fludarabine doses and more intense postfludarabine dialysis. There were no cases of grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD and 1 case of moderate chronic GVHD by 12 months. One patient experienced relapse of multiple myeloma at 30 months after HCT and died 4 years posttransplantation. Overall, 4 of 6 patients remain alive, without disease relapse and with long-term renal rejection–free survival. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01758042.
Lack of Gdf11 does not improve anemia or prevent the activity of RAP-536 in a mouse model of β-thalassemia
Authors: Guerra Amaliris , Oikonomidou Paraskevi Rea , Sinha Sayantani , Zhang Jianbing , Lo Presti Vania , Hamilton Callum R. , Breda Laura , Casu Carla , La Ping , Martins Ana C. , Sendamarai Anoop K. , Fleming Mark , Rivella Stefano 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere is a Blood Commentary on this article in this issue.
Communication and trust: rethinking the way construction industry professionals and software vendors utilise computer communication mediums
Authors: Oliver Stephen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractContemporary communication mediums in isolation have reached a technological plateau, proximal communication is no longer limited by spatial or technological constraints. However, integration of communication mediums and their application in pedagogy do not appear to receive the attention they deserve outwith marketing and social psychology research. This is to the determinant of AEC industries where the forefront of proximal communication extends to video conferencing and high latency sharing of open standard models. Underutilisation is not just a missed opportunity; it is the source of many cascading conflicts, trust issues and delivery failures in in AEC projects. Although effective communication will not resolve all problems, those associated with its absence are unnecessarily endemic. Through discussion of the antecedents of trust and the social presence principles that underpin effective communication, this paper proposes the next disruptive innovation in industry should be a paradigm shift in its approach to communication.
Iatrogenic wounds: a common but often overlooked problem
Authors: Cheng Biao , Tian Ju , Peng Yan , Fu Xiaobing 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Iatrogenic wounds are a common but often overlooked concept. They can lead to increases in hospital stays, therapy costs, repeat surgeries, and implant removal. If not handled properly, these wounds have a very poor prognosis and will cause serious physical and psychological harm to patients, which may result in medicolegal disputes. In recent years, the incidence of iatrogenic wounds has increased because of (1) an increase in the population of older people owing to increased life expectancy, (2) the continued expansion of surgical indications, (3) an increase in difficult surgeries, and (4) the constant emergence and application of new implantable biomaterials and other therapies. Thus, there is a pressing clinical need to improve the therapy of iatrogenic wounds. However, the difficulty in treating these wounds is considerable due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, the high number of patients with metabolic diseases, and complex complications in patients. In particular, iatrogenic wounds caused by surgical site infections due to implantable biomaterials could lead to material leakage and conflicts regarding whether to retain or remove the implants. This review provides a definition of iatrogenic wounds, describes their characteristics, classifies them, and provides information about the importance of analyzing iatrogenic wounds. We hope that this review will provide useful information for the diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic wounds and help to reduce their incidence in the future.
Radiobiological Proton Effects
Authors: Иванов А. , Ivanov A. , Бычкова Т. , Bichkova T. , Никитенко О. , Nikitenko O. , Ушаков И. , Ushakov I. 
Published: June 2019

The article contains an analysis of literature data and the author’s own results on the radiobiological effects of protons at the cellular, systemic (intercellular) and organismic levels, as applied to the practical tasks of radiation therapy of oncological diseases and the protons effects on the astronauts’ organism.
It is established that the proton RBE is a variable value, depending on the LET of the particles, the amount and dose rate, the presence or absence of oxygen. Proton RBE varies depending on the object of study, the type of tissue, proton energy and particle penetration depth, as well as the method for evaluating the biological efficiency of protons. which corresponds to general radiobiology.
In particular, it has been shown that the RBE of protons adopted in radiation therapy at the level of 1.1 is conditional. A firmly established and repeatedly confirmed is an increase in RBE with a decrease in proton energy and, accordingly, an increase in LET.
The use of elements of the physical protection of a spacecraft during exposure to protons with an energy of 170 MeV leads to an increase in LET and RBE of protons in terms of the cellularity of the bone marrow.
Pharmacological agents effective in photon irradiation are also effective when exposed to a proton beam. It has been shown that natural melanin pigment and recombinant manganese superoxide dismutase helps to preserve and accelerate the resumption of blood formation in animals irradiated by protons. The Grippol vaccine increases radioresistance during proton irradiation. Neuropeptide Semax has a positive effect on the central nervous system and the strength of the forepaws of animals irradiated with protons at Bragg’s peak.
Spectral Correlation Analysis of EEG of liquidators of the Chernobyl Accident with Neurological Disorders
Authors: Торубаров Ф. , Torubarov F. , Кулешова М. , Kuleshova M. , Лукьянова С. , Luk'yanova S. , Зверева З. , Zvereva Z. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Comparative analysis of spectral correlation characteristics of EEG from liquidators of the Chernobyl accident and persons group, with neurological disorders.
Material and methods: A study carried out with the participation of 141 of the liquidator of the Chernobyl accident and 84 people group. Ionizing effects could be subject only to the liquidators. The average radiation dose in a group of liquidators was 110 ± 14 mSv. Groups were matched on age and employment. All persons have passed clinical neurological and electrophysiological examination. The focus of the article given that spectral and correlation analysis of EEG.
Results: Clinical examination made it possible to diagnose neurological disorders in both groups as: vegetovascular dystonia, neurocirculatory dystonia, dyscirculatory encephalopathy of different etiology. Their number and extent dominated statistically in a group of liquidators of the Chernobyl accident. It is important to note that increasing the frequency of their manifestations depending on the liquidators received radiation doses have not been identified. However, the disorder is diagnosed more often in the psychoemotional sphere among liquidators, than in the group mapping (61.7 % and 29.7 %, respectively). The analysis reveals statistically significant differences in EEG spectra in the presence of specified diagnoses compared with known characteristic of norms. Spectral and correlation analysis of EEG complements these data, demonstrating the existence of correlative considered diagnoses and significant differences between groups of liquidators and mappings. Liquidators increased delta-range observed in the authentically greater degree (as compared to a matched group) and combined with a significant reduction in the alpha-frequency index. The observed changes among liquidators are functional and non-specific in nature. Picture of the totality of the observed changes is not specific. It is regarded as one of the non-pathogenic mechanisms of development of the asthenic symptoms of different etiology.
Conclusions: In the group of liquidators revealed a significant increase in the quantity and the degree of neurological disorders. In the spectrum of EEG liquidators reliably amplifies the index delta-activity and decreases the severity of alpha range compared to a mappings group. It is important that these changes are accompanied by a weakening of the correlations between brain structures and disruption EEG rest.
Individual Dose Distribution in Cohort of People Exposed as a Result of Radioactive Contamination of the Techa River
Authors: Дёгтева М. , Degteva M. , Напье Б. , Napier B. , Толстых Е. , Tolstykh E. , Шишкина Е. , Shishkina E. , Бугров Н. , Bougrov N. , Крестинина Л. , Krestinina L. , Аклеев А. , Akleev A. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Descriptive analysis of the distributions of organ/tissue doses for individuals exposed to radiation as a result of liquid waste releases into the Techa River by the Mayak Production Association (PA) in 1949–1956.
Material and methods: The dosimetry system TRDS-2016D has been used to compute individual doses of external and internal exposures. TRDS-2016D databases include information on radionuclide intakes and dose rates in air for settlements located in the contaminated areas of the Techa River and the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT). Combining these village-average data with the residence history and age of a particular person, the system produces an individual scenario of external exposure and individual radionuclide intakes and then calculates corresponding external and internal doses from the Techa River and EURT. Available 90Sr-body-burden measurements and available information on individual household locations relative to the contaminated river have been used for refinement of individual dose estimates.
Results: Individual doses have been calculated for 29,647 persons included in the Techa River Cohort (TRC). According to residence history data, 5,280 members of the TRC were additionally exposed due to residency in the EURT villages. The cohort-average dose for the majority of extra-skeletal tissues does not exceed 100 mGy, while for the red bone marrow (RBM) it is equal to 350 mGy. In addition to the doses from the Techa River and EURT, individual thyroid doses for TRC members exposed to the Mayak PA atmospheric 131I releases have been calculated in a separate computer program. The cohort–average thyroid dose is 210 mGy. Maximum doses (about 1 Gy to the majority of extra-skeletal tissues and over 7 Gy to the thyroid and RBM) are observed for the persons who lived in their childhood and adolescence in the upper Techa region at close distance to the Mayak PA.
Conclusion: The TRC members were exposed to chronic radiation over a wide range of doses, but at low-to-moderate-dose rates. Estimates of absorbed doses can be used to analyze the dose dependences of the incidence of solid cancers and leukemias. This can make it possible to verify risk coefficients of low-dose-rate effects of ionizing radiation which can be used for radiation protection purposes.
Estimation of Radiation Risk of the Initiation of Malignant Novelties in the Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Workers of the Nuclear Industry, with the Account of Doses of Various Types of Irradiation
Authors: Туков А. , Tukov A. , Шафранский И. , Shafransky I. , Цовьянов А. , Tsoviyanov A. , Бирюков А. , Biryukov A. , Сидорин И. , Sidorin I. , Прохорова О. , Prokhorova O. , Журавлева В. , Zhuravleva V. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Estimate of the excess relative risk of malignant neoplasm disease (MND) in nuclear industry workers, participants in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, taking into account the doses of various types of irradiation.
Material and methods: An epidemiological experiment was conducted in which the personal data of the information base of the Industry Register of persons exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident, the doses of occupational exposure, and tabular data on the dose of natural exposure, presented in the reports on the radiation situation in populated areas ESKID, No. 4-DOZ) were used.
Results: It is shown that the risk assessment of the disease in the Chernobyl accident liquidators, obtained with the use of doses of different types of exposure, has different risk indicators (ERR at 1 Sv: the Chernobyl NPP radiation dose is 0.13, the ChNPP + professional dose is 1.13 and the ChNPP dose + professional + natural – 0.56).
Conclusions:
– Using any part of the total radiation dose of a person to calculate the risk of dose-induced diseases, we will get incorrect results is unknown how far from the truth.
– For a reliable assessment of the risk of the disease, an overall dose is required from a person from all types of radiation, which is required by the radiation safety directives.