bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The causality between gut microbiota and endometriosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Hua 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundObservational studies and animal experiments had suggested a potential relationship between gut microbiota abundance and pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMs), but the relevance of this relationship remains to be clarified.MethodsWe perform a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore whether there is a causal correlation between the abundance of the gut microbiota and EMs and the direction of causality. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data ukb-d-N80, finn-b-N14-EM, and MiBinGen were selected. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR Egger are selected for causal inference. The Cochran Q test, Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis are performed for sensitivity analyses.ResultsIn the primary outcome, we find that a higher abundance of class Negativicutes, genus Dialister, genus Enterorhabdus, genus Eubacterium xylanophilum group, genus Methanobrevibacter and order Selenomonadales predict a higher risk of EMs, and a higher abundance of genus Coprococcus and genus Senegalimassilia predict a lower risk of EMs. During verifiable outcomes, we find that a higher abundance of phylum Cyanobacteria, genus Ruminococcaceae UCG002, and genus Coprococcus 3 predict a higher risk of EMs, and a higher abundance of genus Flavonifracto, genus Bifidobacterium, and genus Rikenellaceae RC9 predict a lower risk of EMs. In primary reverse MR analysis, we find that EMs predict a lower abundance of the genus Eubacterium fissicatena group, genus Prevotella7, genus Butyricicoccus, family Lactobacillaceae, and a higher abundance of genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009. In verifiable reverse MR analysis, we find that EMs predict a lower abundance of the genus Ruminococcaceae UCG004 and a higher abundance of the genus Howardella.ConclusionOur study implies a mutual causality between gut microbiota abundance and the pathogenesis of EMs, which may provide a novel direction for EMs diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, may promote future functional or clinical analysis.
Statin exposure and risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ai-juan , Jiang Hai-yin , Jia Yong-hui 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWhile epidemiological studies have linked statin use to a reduced risk of advanced colorectal adenomas, its impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. To our knowledge, no meta-analysis to date has specifically examined this association. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available observational studies to investigate the risk of CRC associated with statin use in IBD patients.MethodsWe searched three databases for articles published in English before September 2024, focusing on the protective effects of statins against CRC in IBD patients. We calculated multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess this association. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using the generic inverse variance method.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 4 studies encompassing 22,250 IBD patients, 6,712 of whom were statin users. The methodological quality of three of the studies was deemed high. We found a significantly lower risk of CRC in statin users compared to non-users, with a pooled relative risk of 1.88 (95% CI 1.54–2.30). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the consistency of these findings.ConclusionStatin use appears to be associated with a reduced risk of CRC in patients with IBD. However, given the limited number of studies available, further prospective research with large sample size is necessary to confirm the potential chemopreventive role of statins in this population.
Effects of bottom-up and top-down attentional processes on change blindness for COVID-related stimuli: influence of heart rate variability
Authors: Favieri Francesca , Troisi Giovanna , Forte Giuseppe , Corbo Ilaria , Marselli Giulia , Blasutto Barbara , Ponce Renato , Di Pace Enrico , Langher Viviana , Tambelli Renata , Casagrande Maria 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionTop-down mechanisms that regulate attentional control are influenced by task demands and individuals’ goals, while bottom-up processes are influenced by salient stimuli. Analogous networks are involved in both processes (e.g., frontostriatal areas). However, they are affected differently by the emotional salience of stimuli, which determines the allocation of attention. This study aims to determine whether the recent pandemic experience continues to exert an influence on cognitive processes. To this end, the study will determine attentional biases toward pandemic-related stimuli compared to negative and neutral stimuli. Furthermore, the study will investigate whether pandemic-related stimuli influence top-down and bottom-up attentional processes and whether the latter affect autonomic control as indexed by Heart Rate Variability (HRV).MethodsNinety-six undergraduate students completed a Flicker Task with stimuli categorized by emotional valence (neutral, negative non-COVID, negative COVID-related). This paradigm involves the presentation of two different pictures, which are identical except for a specific detail. The task required to detect the specific detail that has been changed. Given that the task employs images of natural scenes, participants tend to focus more on specific areas of the scene than others. As a result, changes in central interest (CI) areas are detected more rapidly than changes in marginal interest (MI) areas. Participants’ response times (RTs) at the task and their HRV data were used to assess attentional performance and the associated autonomic nervous system activity.ResultsThe results indicate slower responses to COVID-related stimuli than negative and neutral stimuli for both CI and MI changes, requiring the involvement of bottom-up (CI changes) and top-down (MI changes) processes. The HRV was associated with a slower detection of CI changes in COVID-related scenes.DiscussionThese findings highlight the intricate interplay between emotional salience, attentional mechanisms, and physiological responses to threatening stimuli. Contextual factors, particularly those related to pandemic-related stress, influence attentional processing and its relationship with autonomic activity.
Use of NSAIDs and acetaminophen and risk of spontaneous intestinal perforations in premature infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hudson Jo-Anna B. J. , Shabbir Wardha , Hayawi Lamia M. , Chan Monica Lik Man , Barrowman Nicholas , Sikora Lindsey , Ferretti Emanuela 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAcquired spontaneous intestinal perforation or SIP occurs most commonly in the extremely premature infant population. As the incidence is rising, understanding modifiable factors such as common medication exposures becomes important for individualizing care.MethodsThe primary outcome was SIP in premature infants with exposure to indomethacin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Cochrane methodology and PRISMA guidelines.ResultsThe point estimates of three RCTs showed an increase in the risk of SIP with indomethacin exposure compared to no medication, the pooled estimate was not statistically significant. There is no statistically significant association between the risk of SIP for indomethacin with treatment use over prophylactic use and when holding feeds. Ibuprofen conferred less risk than indomethacin, and its route of administration did not alter the risk profile. There was not enough evidence to draw conclusions about the risk of SIP and acetaminophen exposure.ConclusionIn studies of infants exposed to either indomethacin or ibuprofen in the last 40 years, the incidence of SIP is still commonly within 2–8%. Moving forward modifiable factors such as medication exposure will help guide care to minimize risk where possible.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42017058603).
Perceived social support and deviant behavior of new street corner youth on campus: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Chi Hong , Fan Linlin , Meng Weijie 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe current study aimed to examine the moderated mediation between perceived social support, the deviant behavior of new street corner youth on campus (NSCYC), interpersonal needs (as a mediator), and meaning in life (as a moderator).MethodsA total of 596 new street corner youth on campus were investigated using the Deviant Behavior Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire.ResultsThe findings showed that: (1) perceived social support significantly and negatively predicted deviant behavior; (2) interpersonal needs mediated the association between perceived social support and deviant behavior; and (3) a moderated mediating role of perceived social support influencing deviant behavior was established, with meaning in life regulating both the direct and the first half paths of the model.DiscussionThese findings offer important insights into the factors influencing the deviant behavior of NSCYC. They highlight the role of perceived social support, interpersonal needs, and meaning in life, and suggesting intervention points to mitigate deviant behaviors of NSCYC.
Self-perceived physical fitness as a moderating variable in the relationship between motor self-efficacy and physical self-concept in school-age physical education students
Authors: Galán-Arroyo Carmen , Mayordomo-Pinilla Noelia , Castillo-Paredes Antonio , Rojo-Ramos Jorge 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe increasing prevalence of mental health disorders has elicited significant concern within society, particularly among adolescents who are disproportionately affected by this concerning trend. Consequently, institutions are seeking efficacious and cost-effective interventions to address this situation, while the scientific community has identified physical activity as a potential means to mitigate this epidemic. Motor self-efficacy and physical self-concept have been demonstrated to confer benefits to the mental health of young individuals, comparable to those of physical fitness. These aspects not only influence physical health but also the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals, contributing to a better overall quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the moderating role of self-perceived physical fitness in motor self-efficacy and physical self-concept, in high school physical education students.MethodsTo this end, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was applied to identify the non-normality of the data and the Mann–Whitney U test to determine the differences by sex in the variables studied to subsequently perform a moderation analysis and a regression test for the physical self-concept prediction model.ResultsThe results showed that self-perceived physical fitness positively moderated the relationship motor self-efficacy and physical self-concept, enhancing the positive effect size of self-efficacy on physical self-concept.ConclusionThus, self-perceived physical fitness could be important in interventions aimed at improving physical and emotional well-being and health of adolescents.
Predicting psychiatric risk: IgG N-glycosylation traits as biomarkers for mental health
Authors: Lv Yinchun , Chen Yulin , Li Xue , Huang Qiaorong , Lu Ran , Ye Junman , Meng Wentong , Fan Chuanwen , Mo Xianming 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that chronic inflammation, resulting from intricate immune system interactions, significantly contributes to the onset of psychiatric disorders. Observational studies have identified a link between immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation and various psychiatric conditions, but the causality of these associations remains unclear.MethodsGenetic variants for IgG N-glycosylation traits and psychiatric disorders were obtained from published genome-wide association studies. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger, and weighted median were used to estimate causal effects. The Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out analyses, and MR-PRESSO global test were used for sensitivity analyses.ResultsIn the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) database, genetically predicted IGP7 showed a protective role in schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP), while elevated IGP34, and IGP57 increased SCZ risk. High levels of IGP21 were associated with an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while elevated levels of IGP22 exhibited a causal association with a decreased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). No causal relationship between IgG N-glycan traits and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and no evidence of reverse causal associations was found.ConclusionHere, we demonstrate that IgG N-glycan traits have a causal relationship with psychiatric disorders, especially IGP7’s protective role, offering new insights into their pathogenesis. Our findings suggest potential strategies for predicting and intervening in psychiatric disorder risk through IgG N-glycan traits.
Innovating health prevention models in detecting infectious disease outbreaks through social media data: an umbrella review of the evidence
Authors: Giancotti Monica , Lopreite Milena , Mauro Marianna , Puliga Michelangelo 
Published: November 2024

Introduction and objectiveThe number of literature reviews examining the use of social media in detecting emerging infectious diseases has recently experienced an unprecedented growth. Yet, a higher-level integration of the evidence is still lacking. This study aimed to synthesize existing systematic literature reviews published on this topic, offering an overview that can help policymakers and public health authorities to select appropriate policies and guidelines.MethodsWe conducted an umbrella review: a review of systematic reviews published between 2011 and 2023 following the PRISMA statement guidelines. The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021254568). As part of the search strategy, three database searches were conducted, specifically in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The quality of the included reviews was determined using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2.ResultsSynthesis included 32 systematic reviews and 3,704 primary studies that investigated how the social media listening could improve the healthcare system’s efficiency in terms of a timely response to treat epidemic situations. Most of the included systematic reviews concluded showing positive outcomes when using social media data for infectious disease surveillance.ConclusionSystematic reviews showed the important role of social media in predicting and detecting disease outbreaks, potentially reducing morbidity and mortality through swift public health action. The policy interventions strongly benefit from the continued use of online data in public health surveillance systems because they can help in recognizing important patterns for disease surveillance and significantly improve the disease prediction abilities of the traditional surveillance systems.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier [CRD42021254568].
Virtual reality cognitive remediation tool for individuals with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol for a feasibility randomized clinical trial
Authors: Perra Alessandra , Primavera Diego , Leonetti Valerio , Montisci Roberta , Carta Daniele , Lorrai Giulia , Locci Aurora , Chessa Luchino , Scuteri Angelo , Cossu Giulia , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Valmaggia Lucia , Galetti Alessia , De Lorenzo Valerio , Sancassiani Federica , Carta Mauro Giovanni 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWith the growing older adult population, the European Union emphasizes the need to promote research in healthy aging trough multidisciplinary and innovative approaches, including the integration of advanced technologies like virtual reality (VR) in cognitive rehabilitation. This reflects the increasing awareness of the importance of addressing challenges related to neurodegenerative diseases in the older adult population. Our study aims to present a protocol that will assess the feasibility and provide a preliminary measure of effectiveness for an intervention using immersive CR technology for cognitive remediation (CR) in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).MethodsA feasibility randomized controlled clinical study will involve 30 individuals who are over 65 years old, both sex, who meet the diagnostic criteria for MCI from the University Hospital of Cagliari, randomly assigned to either the experimental condition or control group. Both groups will continue to receive standard pharmacological therapy. The experimental group will undergo a 3-months cognitive remediation program using fully immersive VR with two sessions per week. Each session will last a maximum of 60 min and will be supervised by expert health professionals. In contrast, the control group will continue with standard care. The intervention program will be carried out by s psychiatric rehabilitation technicians and speech therapists, emphasizing a comprehensive framework aligned with healthcare needs. Feasibility will be assessed based on tolerability, including dropout rates and acceptability, which considers the proportion of recruited participants among those considered eligible and on side effects and level of satisfaction. The preliminary measures of effectiveness will be evaluated on quality of life, cognitive functions, biological and social rhythms, depressive symptoms and anxiety.ResultsThe trial findings will be submitted for publication in international peer-reviewed journals and shared at international meetings and conferences.DiscussionThis study aiming to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a fully immersive VR/CR program for MCI in order to give data for a subsequent confirmatory trial. The results of the pilot RCT are expected to significantly contribute to research on the prevention of neurocognitive degeneration, with a specific emphasis on enhancing the application of technologies. The strengths of this work are the high technological innovation program for mental health treatments for healthy aging and multidisciplinary approach emphasizing a holistic framework aligned with health needs.
Association between cardiovascular health and human papillomavirus infection: analysis from NHANES 2005–2016
Authors: Li Meng , Song Meiying 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundGiven the strong association between cardiovascular disease and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, this study aimed to assess the correlation between HPV infection and cardiovascular health (CVH) as represented by the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) score.MethodsThis study employed analysis of data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey covering the period from 2005 to 2016. To examine the correlation between the CVH score and both HPV and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections, this research utilized a combination of multivariable regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analysis, following adjustment for pertinent covariates.ResultsThis study included a total of 8,264 women, with an average age of 39.53 ± 11.24 years. The HPV prevalence was 43.43% overall, while the HR-HPV prevalence was 17.36%. In the fully adjusted model, an augmentation of 10 points in the CVH score correlated with an 8% reduction in the HPV infection rate [0.92 (0.88–0.96)], and a similar 8% decrease in the HR-HPV infection rate [0.92 (0.87–0.97)].ConclusionOur findings indicate that elevated CVH, as denoted by higher LE8 scores, correlates with a decreased of HPV infection rate among U.S. females. The LE8 score shows potential as a shared predictive biomarker for both CVH and HPV infection.
“I have some wishes, which are actually demands.” A qualitative mixed methods study on the impact of consumerism on the therapeutic relationship in mental healthcare
Authors: Krikken Mulders L. T. E. , Tonkens E. H. , Trappenburg M. J. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAlongside the logic of care, many Western welfare states have introduced market elements or a logic of choice in their healthcare systems, which has led to consumerist behavior in patients. For the medical field, it is well documented how consumerism creates complex ethical dilemmas and undermines ways of thinking and acting crucial to healthcare. Little is known about these dynamics in mental healthcare.MethodsThis study used a qualitative mixed methods design, combining 180 online patient narratives (blogs) with 25 interviews with therapists in a grounded theory approach.ResultsFindings show that articulate behavior can be divided into two categories: assertive and adamant. While assertive behavior is understood as an integral, reciprocal part of therapy and is stimulated by therapists, adamant or consumerist behavior is experienced as damaging the relationship—the “commodity” the patient is seeking to obtain, as the single most important predictor of treatment success. Findings also show that articulate behavior in both varieties takes a different shape over time during the course of treatment.DiscussionAdamant behavior clashes with the internal logic of care, which is especially problematic in mental healthcare where the relationship with one's therapist is key to successful treatment. Therefore, patients should be taught and helped to display assertive behavior without resorting to adamancy. Individual therapists cannot achieve this alone; this endeavour should be supported by their organizations, societal beliefs about therapy and policy choices.
Heterogeneous Group of Genetically Determined Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Buianova Anastasiia A. , Bazanova Marina V. , Belova Vera A. , Ilyina Galit A. , Samitova Alina F. , Shmitko Anna O. , Balakina Anna V. , Pavlova Anna S. , Suchalko Oleg N. , Korostin Dmitriy O. , Machalov Anton S. , Daikhes Nikolai A. , Rebrikov Denis V. 
Published: November 2024

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is often missed by standard hearing tests, accounting for up to 10% of hearing impairments (HI) and commonly linked to variants in 23 genes. We assessed 122 children with HI, including 102 with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 20 with ANSD. SNHL patients were genotyped for common GJB2 variants using qPCR, while ANSD patients underwent whole exome sequencing, with variants analyzed across 249 genes. Homozygous GJB2 variants were found in 54.9% of SNHL patients. In 60% of ANSD patients, variants were detected in OTOF (25%), CDH23, TMC1, COL11A1, PRPS1, TWNK, and HOMER2 genes, including eight novel variants. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions testing revealed differences at 4000 Hz (p = 0.0084) between the ANSD and SNHL groups. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) test showed significant differences at 500 Hz (p = 2.69 × 10−4) and 1000 Hz (p = 0.0255) compared to pure-tone audiometry (PTA) in ANSD patients. Our questionnaire shows that the parents of children with SNHL often report an improved quality of life with hearing aids or cochlear implants, while parents of children with ANSD frequently experience uncertainty about outcomes (p = 0.0026), leading to lower satisfaction.