bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
As relações do Turismo com a produção de resíduos sólidos na cidade de Barreirinhas (MA)
Authors: Saldanha Marcelo Aragão , Bello Leonardo Augusto Lobato , Vinagre Marco Valério Albuquerque , Lopes Maria Lúcia Bahia 
Published: July 2019

O artigo faz parte de um estudo mais amplo que mapeia os impactos do turismo, considerando aspectos ambientais e sociais. Neste artigo, objetiva-se a apresentar e discutir resultados de um estudo sobre a relação entre produção de resíduos sólidos e atividade do turismo, em zona turística litorânea na cidade de Barreirinhas, no estado do Maranhão, que é a porta de acesso a uma beleza singular - o Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses. Neste sentido, coletaram-se resíduos sólidos gerados ao longo da principal avenida litorânea local e na maior praça pública adjacente, ambas caracterizadas como espaços públicos plurais, frequentados por turistas que pousam na cidade antes e após a visitação ao Parque nacional mas também por moradores locais. A partir da coleta e da caracterização física do resíduo em dois períodos distintos, alta e baixa temporada turística, foi possível identificar seus constituintes e distribuição gravimétrica, bem como correlacionar a sua ocorrência com atividades turísticas. Os resultados obtidos apontam que há pouca relação entre atividade turística e a produção de resíduos no local, além de evidenciar práticas de gestão públicas conscientes e maior conscientização ambiental dos atores envolvidos no processo.

The relations of the Tourism with the garbage’s question at the Barreirinhas’ city (MA, Brazil)

ABSTRACT
This paper is part of a greater investigation targeting tourism impacts, based on environmental and social aspects. It presents and discusses results from a study on the relationship between solid waste productions and tourism activity in a touristic area in Barreirinhas city, in Maranhão State, which gives access to Lençois Maranhenses National Park, place of unique beauty. In this scenario, waste sampling was carried out on two different touristic seasons, high and low, along main city avenue and square, both places holding touristic and local infrastructures. Physical characterization was performed in waste samples collected to identify gravimetric content, and eventual correlations with touristic activities. Results show little degree of correlation between two aspects investigated in this paper, and also a good public management, and population environmental understanding and involvement in the process.

KEYWORDS: Tourism; Impacts; Garbage; Barreirinhas; Maranhão.
Karmic Philosophy and the Model of Disability in Ancient India
Authors: Kumari Neha 
Published: July 2019

Disability has been the inescapable part of human society from ancient times. With the thrust of disability right movements and development in field of disability studies, the mythical past of disability is worthy to study. Classic Indian Scriptures mention differently able character in prominent positions. There is a faulty opinion about Indian mythology is that they associate disability chiefly with evil characters. Hunch backed Manthara from Ramayana and limping legged Shakuni from Mahabharata are negatively stereotyped characters. This paper tries to analyze that these characters were guided by their motives of revenge, loyalty and acted more as dramatic devices to bring crucial changes in plot.
The deities of lord Jagannath in Puri is worshipped , without limbs, neck and eye lids which strengthens the notion that disability is an occasional but all binding phenomena in human civilization. The social model of disability brings forward the idea that the only disability is a bad attitude for the disabled as well as the society. In spite of his abilities Dhritrashtra did face discrimination because of his blindness. The presence of characters like sage Ashtavakra and Vamanavtar of Lord Vishnu indicate that by efforts, bodily limitations can be transcended.
The Effective use of Authentic Materials in the English Language Classrooms
Authors: Srinivas Rao Parupalli 
Published: July 2019

Due to the technological innovations, the twenty-first century has witnessed tremendous changes in all walks of life. The new technology abetted the extant educational system and it gifted the contemporary educational system with a newfangled drift. As a result, there have been several innovations in the field of education and English has no exception. The concept of teaching English has drastically changed and the present generation of teachers as well as the learners depend more on the latest technology that brings a greater change in teaching and learning. In the modern world, the teachers of English have been using a variety of teaching materials in order to satisfy the needs and interests of the learners. In this process, they also go for the authentic materials in addition to the prescribed textbooks with an aim to improve the standards of the learners and to develop their learners’ language skills enormously in the regular English classrooms. According to Peacock (1997), “Authentic materials are more motivating for students, even lower level students, than artificial materials”. Furthermore, Briton (1991 cited in Qura, 2001) states, “Authentic materials relate more closely to learners’ need, for they build a connection between the language classroom and the outside world. The teachers have to use all the available authentic materials such as newspapers, magazines, story books, movies, radio, TV ads, songs, label products, bus or train timetables, realia like phones and dolls so that the learners show more interest towards their leaning. As authentic materials play a vital role in promoting the learners’ learning and creates interests among learners to learn the English language in a natural way with proper motivation, the teachers of English should use these authentic materials in their day-to-day teaching profession.
The present paper brings to light to the effective use of authentic materials by the teachers in the English language classrooms. For this purpose, this paper initially discusses the advantages of authentic materials in the field of education. Then this paper brings out the importance of the authentic materials that are used in the English language classrooms. Later, this paper emphasizes primarily on the effective use of the authentic materials and how they assist the teachers in their teaching and also how they help the learners to learn English in a better and easier way. Finally, this paper gives some expedient hints both to the teachers and the learners of English to how improve their teaching and learning skills colossally using the authentic materials in the English classrooms.
Transformation of Tribals through MGNREGA in Attappady Block of Palakkad District, Kerala Some Case studies
Authors: Lakshmi Devi V P , Boraian M P 
Published: July 2019

MGNREGS is a mammoth employment programme, launched more than a decade ago in the rural diaspora of the Indian sub-continent, with a massive annual budget of Rs.60,000crore, aimed at eradicating rural poverty and unemployment in one stroke, targeting a multitude of mainstream rural workers, as well as vulnerable categories such as the adivasis, the aged, the differently abled and disabled persons. Acclaimed as a model by most other countries, MGNREGS entitles every worker with wage employment for 100 days, augments their income and forms the base for a sustainable rural livelihood. With a plethora of studies made on the impact of this scheme on poverty eradication, the present study conducted in early 2019, concentrates on its impact on the primitive and nomadic tribal groups in Attappadi , a tribal- prominent block in Palakkad district of Kerala State. Conducted primarily thro’ Case studies, the present research highlights the role of the scheme in achieving not only the intended outcome, but also its unintended outcome. The study has profiled the role of the scheme in not only providing livelihood to all the workers, but also in restoring the normal life of persons with disabilities such as mental depression, speech and visual impairment.The mentally and physically challenged workers, who were hitherto confined to their homes or settlements and were a frustrated lot, are now able to ease their depression, while working, and interacting with fellow workers, and find cheer and solace in their company.
Besides, it has provided physical safety, economic security, and social status to the deserted women, divorcees, and children with disabilities. Though living in poverty, the fellow workers have proved that they have concern and commitment for not only their distraught co-workers but also for their distressed family members. By sharing the work of the weak and the vulnerable at the worksite, they have demonstrated that “humanitarianism” exists amidst destitution and deprivation and “compassion and camaraderie” are the primary assets of the workers, than poverty and backwardness.
Seni Beluk: Context and Lyrics
Authors: Manggala Intan Noviati 
Published: July 2019

This article will examine one of Cianjur's local wisdoms, namely beluk art, its context and rumpaka. The data were obtained by descriptive analytical method,that is to examine and describe seni beluk qualitatively. Seni beluk is a type of art that is closely related to wawacan literature that uses pupuh rules. Commonly, seni beluk is performed at the 40 days old-baby birth ceremony, but gradually the pattern of life of society develops so that seni beluk is not only presented at the 40 days old-baby ceremony but also at a ceremonial event related with circumcision , wedding and religion ceremonials. Considering its presentation, seni beluk still holds the tradition and culture the of ancestors.Keywords:beluk, local wisdom, lyrics
PEMENUHAN HAK KONSTITUSIONAL MASYARAKAT PENGANUT KEPERCAYAAN LOKAL DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM
Authors: Adi Syaputra Muhammad Yusrizal , Nasution Mirza 
Published: July 2019

Kedudukan Negara Indonesia sebagai negara hukum yang melaksanakan prinsip demokrasi secara tegas diatur oleh UUD 1945. Konsekuensi Indonesia sebagai negara hukum adalah adanya persamaan didepan hukum dan pemerintahan bagi setiap warga negara sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (1) UUD 1945. Salah satu akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan dari Pasal 27 ayat 1 UUD 1945 adalah bahwa setiap warga negara yang memenuhi syarat untuk memilih dalam pemilihan umum haru diakomodir hak pilih dan memilihnya oleh negara. Kelompok masyarakat penganut kepercayaan lokal di Indonesia adalah bagian dari warga negara Indonesia yang memiliki persamaan kedudukan didepan hukum dan pemerintahan. Kelompok masyarakat penganut kepercayaan lokal Indonesia yang tersebar di beberapa daerah seperti masyarakat penganut parmalim di Sumatera Utara, Sunda Wiwitan di Jawa Barat, Sapto Darmo di Jawa Tengah dan Masyarakat penganut Marapu di Sumba dan lainnya. Dalam konteks pelaksanaan hak-hak politik warga negara masih ditemukan ketidakadilan dan diskriminasi diantara masyarakat mayoritas kepada masyarakat minoritas melalui regulasi dan kebijakan terkait pemilihan umum, misalnya masih banyak ditemukan masyarakat yang menganut kepercayaan lokal tidak memiliki KTP Elektronik sehingga tidak terdaftar sebagai pemilih tetap untuk memilih dalam pemlihan umum. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang Bagaimana perlindungan hak konstitusional penganut aliran kepercayaan dalam pemilihan umum berdasarkan sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia? Dan apakah Setelah diterbitkannya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor perkara 97/PUU-XIV/2016, penganut aliran kepercayaan dapat menjadi pemilih dalam pemilihan umum tanpa harus mengadopsi salah satu dari ke-enam agama yang diakui di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Hak Konstitusional, Pemilihan Umum, Penganut Aliran Kepercayaan.
Sensitivity to Gamma-Ray Bursts of a Nanosatellite MeV Telescope with a Silicon Tracker
Authors: Rando Riccardo , Canevarolo Sofia , Xiao Hubing , Bastieri Denis 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We propose a nanosatellite Compton telescope based on a silicon tracker, both as a fast and low-cost mission for astrophysics in the MeV regime and as a pathfinder for future large-scale Compton orbital observatories. In this paper we assess the sensitivity of such an instrument for the observation of gamma-ray bursts.
A Radial Velocity Survey of Embedded Sources in the Rho Ophiuchi Cluster
Authors: Sullivan Timothy , Wilking Bruce A. , Greene Thomas P. , Lisalda Lindsey , Gibb Erika L. , Ejeta Chemeda 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present the results of a radial velocity survey of young stellar objects (YSOs) in early stages of evolution in the core of the L1688 molecular cloud. New and archival spectra obtained with four high-resolution infrared spectrographs were analyzed using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques that simultaneously fit for the radial velocity, T
eff, v sin i, and veiling by comparison with synthetic spectra. The radial velocity distribution for 32 objects, most with Class I or flat-spectrum spectral energy distributions, is marginally Gaussian, with a higher dispersion relative to optical surveys at the 2σ level. When comparing the results from both proper-motion and radial velocity surveys in L1688, there is a trend for the 1D dispersions to be higher for samples of Class I/flat-spectrum YSOs that reside in the cloud core compared to Class II/III dominated samples, which are located in the lower extinction periphery. In addition, there is a velocity gradient along the major axis of the cloud core that appears more pronounced than that derived from optically visible objects at the cloud edges. If these higher dispersions for Class I/flat-spectrum objects are confirmed by future surveys, this could imply a supervirial state for the less evolved objects in the cloud core and be a signature of the initial collapse and rebound of the cluster as suggested by recent simulations of cluster evolution.
Precise Photometric Transit Follow-up Observations of Five Close-in Exoplanets: Update on Their Physical Properties
Authors: Chakrabarty Aritra , Sengupta Sujan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report the results of the high-precision photometric follow-up observations of five transiting hot Jupiters, WASP-33b, WASP-50b, WASP-12b, HATS-18b, and HAT-P-36b. The observations are made from the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope at Indian Astronomical Observatory, Hanle, and the 1.3 m J. C. Bhattacharyya Telescope at Vainu Bappu Observatory, Kavalur. This exercise is a part of the capability testing of the two telescopes and their back-end instruments. Leveraging the large aperture of both the telescopes used, the images taken during several nights were used to produce the transit light curves with high photometric signal-to-noise ratio (>200) by performing differential photometry. In order to reduce the fluctuations in the transit light curves due to various sources such as stellar activity, varying sky transparency, etc., we preprocessed them using wavelet denoising and applied a Gaussian process correlated noise modeling technique while modeling the transit light curves. To demonstrate the efficiency of the wavelet denoising process we have also included the results without the denoising process. A state-of-the-art algorithm used for modeling the transit light curves provided the physical parameters of the planets with more precise values than reported earlier.
Maximum Mass of Differentially Rotating Strange Quark Stars
Authors: Szkudlarek Magdalena , Gondek-Rosińska Dorota , Villain Loïc , Ansorg Marcus 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present the first fully relativistic numerical calculations of differentially rotating strange quark stars models for broad ranges of the maximum density and of the degree of differential rotation. Our simulations are performed with the very accurate and stable multi-domain spectral code FlatStar and use the MIT Bag model for describing strange quark matter. Our calculations, based on a thorough exploration of the solution space, show that the maximum mass of strange stars depends on both the degree of differential rotation and a type of solution, similar to neutron stars. The highest increase of the maximum mass (compared to the value for a non-rotating star) is obtained for models with a low degree of differential rotation. This highest mass is over four times larger than that of the equivalent non-rotating configuration. Comparing our results with calculations done for realistic models of neutron stars, we conclude that for small degrees of differential rotation, strange stars can sustain masses much larger than stars made from nuclear matter, which reinforces the hope of demonstrating, or of ruling out, the existence of strange matter through observation of the gravitational waves, gamma-rays, or neutrinos of the massive material object born from the merger of a compact binary system or during some supernova events.
Conditions for Reionizing the Universe with a Low Galaxy Ionizing Photon Escape Fraction
Authors: Finkelstein Steven L. , D’Aloisio Anson , Paardekooper Jan-Pieter , Russell Ryan Jr.  , Behroozi Peter , Finlator Kristian , Livermore Rachael , Sanderbeck Phoebe R. Upton , Vecchia Claudio Dalla , Khochfar Sadegh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We explore scenarios for reionizing the intergalactic medium with low galaxy ionizing photon escape fractions. We combine simulation-based halo mass–dependent escape fractions with an extrapolation of the observed galaxy rest-ultraviolet luminosity functions to solve for the reionization history from z =

. We explore the posterior distributions for key unknown quantities, including the limiting halo mass for star formation, the ionizing photon production efficiency, and a potential contribution from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We marginalize over the allowable parameter space using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, finding a solution that satisfies the most model-independent constraints on reionization. Our fiducial model can match observational constraints with an average escape fraction of <5% throughout the bulk of the epoch of reionization if (i) galaxies form stars down to the atomic cooling limit before reionization and a photosuppression mass of log(M
h/M
⊙) ∼ 9 during/after reionization (−13 < M
UV,lim < −11), (ii) galaxies become more efficient producers of ionizing photons at higher redshifts and fainter magnitudes, and (iii) there is a significant but subdominant contribution by AGNs at z ≲ 7. In this model, the faintest galaxies (M
UV > −15) dominate the ionizing emissivity, leading to an earlier start to reionization and a smoother evolution of the ionized volume-filling fraction than models that assume a single escape fraction at all redshifts and luminosities. The ionizing emissivity from this model is consistent with observations at z = 4–5 (and below, when extrapolated), in contrast to some models that assume a single escape fraction. Our predicted ionized volume-filling fraction at z = 7 of

= 78% (±8%) is in modest (∼1σ–2σ) tension with observations of Lyα emitters at z ∼ 7 and the damping-wing analyses of the two known z > 7 quasars, which prefer

∼ 40%–50%.
Radius Inflation at Low Rossby Number in the Hyades Cluster
Authors: Jaehnig Karl , Somers Garrett , Stassun Keivan G. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Radius inflation continues to be explored as a peculiar occurrence among magnetically active, low-mass stars. Recently, Somers & Stassun showed that radius inflation among low-mass stars in the young open cluster M45 (Pleiades Cluster) is correlated to the rotation rate: faster rotators are more inflated. Here we extend that work to a sample of 68 stars of the older open Hyades Cluster. We derive the stars’ spectral energy distributions to measure their bolometric fluxes. With spectroscopically defined T
eff and Gaia distances we calculate stellar radii using the Stefan–Boltzmann relation. We find numerous stars that exhibit significant (3–4σ) radius inflation relative to a nominal cluster isochrone. We compare these results to that of the younger Pleiades and consider radius inflation as a function of open cluster evolution. We find that unlike the Pleiades, there is not a statistically significant correlation between radius inflation and stellar rotation period. However, we do find that most inflated stars have (rapid) rotational Rossby numbers of 0.1–0.2, such that the correlation of radius inflation with Rossby number is statistically significant at 99.98% confidence. Because the canonical rotation-activity relation of low-mass stars is understood to result from the connection between magnetic activity and surface convection, our results imply that magnetic activity within the convective layers of low-mass stars is what preferentially drives radius inflation.
A Search for High-energy Counterparts to Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Cunningham Virginia , Cenko S. Bradley , Burns Eric , Goldstein Adam , Lien Amy , Kocevski Daniel , Briggs Michael , Connaughton Valerie , Miller M. Coleman , Racusin Judith , Stanbro Matthew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report on a search for high-energy counterparts to fast radio bursts (FRBs) with the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, Fermi Large Area Telescope, and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Burst Alert Telescope. We find no significant associations for any of the 23 FRBs in our sample, but report upper limits to the high-energy fluence for each on timescales of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 s. We report lower limits on the ratio of the radio to high-energy fluence, f

r
/f

γ
, for timescales of 0.1 and 100 s. We discuss the implications of our non-detections on various proposed progenitor models for FRBs, including analogs of giant pulses from the Crab pulsar and hyperflares from magnetars. This work demonstrates the utility of analyses of high-energy data for FRBs in tracking down the nature of these elusive sources.
Angular Momentum in Bipolar Outflows: Dynamical Evolutionary Model
Authors: López-Vázquez J. A. , Cantó J. , Lizano S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We model molecular outflows produced by the time-dependent interaction between a stellar wind and a rotating cloud envelope in gravitational collapse, studied by Ulrich. We consider spherical and anisotropic stellar winds. We assume that the bipolar outflow is a thin shocked shell, with axial symmetry around the cloud rotation axis, and obtain the mass and momentum fluxes into the shell. We solve numerically a set of partial differential equations in space and time and obtain the shape of the shell, the mass surface density, the velocity field, and the angular momentum of the material in the shell. We find that there is a critical value of the ratio between the wind and the accretion flow momentum rates β that allows the shell to expand. As expected, the elongation of the shells increases with the stellar wind anisotropy. In our models, the rotation velocity of the shell is in the range of 0.1–0.2 km s−1, a factor of 5–10 lower than the values measured in several sources. We compare our models with those of Wilkin & Stahler for early evolutionary times and find that our shells have the same sizes at the pole, although we use different boundary conditions at the equator.