bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating Discard Mortality for Dolphinfish in a Recreational Hook-and-Line Fishery
Authors: Rudershausen Paul J. , Poland Stephen J. , Merten Wessley , Buckel Jeffrey A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Minimum length limits are used to manage Dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus in the U.S. South Atlantic, but rates of discard mortality are unknown for this fishery and others throughout the species' worldwide range. We estimated discard mortality for Dolphinfish in the U.S. South Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico recreational hook-and-line fishery by using conventional tag–recapture data. Overall, 4,648 Dolphinfish were tagged in these areas between 2002 and 2018 through the efforts of cooperating (fishery-dependent) taggers as well as research scientists who employed gear types and fishing styles representative of the recreational fishery for this species. The condition of each tagged and released fish was classified as good or poor depending on hook trauma, bleeding, and postrelease swimming behavior. Numbers of tagged and recaptured fish in each release condition were used to estimate condition-specific discard mortality by fitting a relative risk model. The model assumption of 100% survival of fish in good condition was scaled downward by using numbers of dying fish in good condition from tank holding and satellite tagging experiments. An overall median rate of discard mortality (0.248; 95% credible interval = 0.053–0.389) for the fishery was estimated by summing the products of each condition-specific mortality rate and the proportion released in each condition. Given relatively high discard mortality rates (&gt;20%), the results suggest that alternative management strategies (e.g., mandatory retention of hook-traumatized individuals contributing to a bag limit, regardless of size), educating fishers on the use of alternative gear types (e.g., circle hooks), modifying fishing practices (e.g., trolling with heavy drags to reduce rates of deep hooking), or a combination thereof may be more effective solutions than minimum size or bag limits to control the rates of fishing mortality for Dolphinfish.
Functionalized graphenes as nanofillers for polylactide: Molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Prasitnok Khongvit , In‐noi Orrasa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis simulation studied graphene functionalized with methyl (CH3), hydroxyl (OH), carboxyl (COOH), and amine (NH2) groups as potential nanofillers for polylactide (PLA) biodegradable polymers. Key properties including the structure and dynamics of polymer chains, interaction energy and interfacial shear force between the polymer matrix and the filler, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposites were investigated. Results indicated that graphene functional groups play important roles in the interfacial bonding characteristics between polymer matrix and the filler. Among the fillers studied, graphene modified by COOH groups provided the strongest enhancement of interfacial interaction and shear force between the PLA matrix and the filler. The presence of nanofillers resulted in a moderate shift of the composite Tg compared to the unfilled polymer. The system with stronger interfacial interaction possessed higher Tg due to lower mobility of chain segments induced by the interaction strength between the polymer and the filler.
In silico and in vitro degradation studies of isolated phloroglucinols eugenial C and eugenial D from Eugenia umbelliflora fruits
Authors: Farias Ingrid V. , Amorin Clarissa Krieger , dos Santos Milena Guimarães , dos Santos Machado Carmem Lúcia , Paula Favero Reisdorfer , Sandjo Louis P. , Malheiros Angela , Meyre‐Silva Christiane , Bresolin Tania Mari Bellé 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionEugenia umbelliflora fruits are an important source of phloroglucinols, as eugenial C and eugenial D, related to antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. However, for the establishment of new antimicrobial substances, it is essential to know their stability profile, in view of driving the administration route and the release system development.MethodologyThe in silico approaches, based on the Fukui indices and bond dissociation analysis, were performed. Eugenial C and eugenial D, isolated from the green fruits of E. umbelliflora, with purity > 90%, were submitted to stress degradation including: acid (0.5 mM hydrochloric acid) and alkaline (0.5 mM sodium hydroxide) hydrolysis, and oxidation (0.25% hydrogen peroxide), in different periods, monitoring by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC‐UV). Eugenial C was also submitted to UV‐visible radiation (2,400 lux/h) and dry/humid heating (40°C, 75% relative humidity).ResultsIn silico studies indicated that both molecules have regions of high susceptibility to nucleophilic and electrophilic attack as well as sites likely to suffer auto‐oxidation. Under in vitro tests, both phloroglucinols proved to be very unstable under hydrolysis (eugenial C and D were degraded 23.8% and 89.0% in acid and 78.4% and 97.8% in alkaline conditions, respectively) and oxidation (eugenial C and D degraded 31.9% and 28.6%, respectively), both during 5 min. Eugenial C degraded 12.6% and 63.8% under dry and humid heat, respectively, without photosensitivity.ConclusionThe in vitro stress tests monitored by HPLC‐UV were in agreement with in silico degradation prediction. Phloroglucinols could be unstable if administered by oral route and also under environmental conditions demanding a protective release system.
Phosphoproteomic Analyses Provide Insight into Molecular Mechanisms Underlying NETosis
Authors: Zhu Xiaoying , Chen Jinjun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNETosis, a novel cell death mechanism which leads to neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, is involved in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To explore the mechanisms and common factors associated with NADPH oxidase (NOX)‐dependent and NOX‐independent NETosis, global proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses are conducted in neutrophils treated with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA), ionomycin, and monosodium urate (MSU). Global proteomic analyses identify 64, 97, and 141 proteins differentially regulated in the PMA, ionomycin, and MSU groups compared with the control group, respectively. Phosphoproteomic analysis identifies 931, 565, and 201 phosphorylation sites differentially regulated in the PMA, ionomycin, and MSU groups, compared with the control, respectively. Overlap analysis of the three comparisons identifies nine proteins and 49 phosphorylation sites derived from 41 phosphoproteins. Among the 41 differentially regulated phosphoproteins, 23 are associated with nuclear function, five with chromatin binding, and 13 with poly(A) RNA binding activities based on GO annotation. Among these, DEK, methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2), and structure‐specific recognition protein 1 (SSRP1) are involved in both chromatin and poly(A) RNA binding. In conclusion, this study provides insight into molecular mechanisms of NETosis and a useful dataset for the guidance of future studies.
The nature of the chemical bond in UO2
Authors: Maslakov Konstantin I. , Teterin Yury A. , Ryzhkov Mikhail V. , Popel Aleksej J. , Teterin Anton Yu. , Ivanov Kirill E. , Kalmykov Stepan N. , Petrov Vladimir G. , Farnan Ian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe nature of the chemical bond in UO2 was analyzed taking into account the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) structure parameters of the valence and core electrons, as well as the relativistic discrete variation electronic structure calculation results for this oxide. The ionic/covalent nature of the chemical bond was determined for the UO8 (D4h) cluster, reflecting uranium's close environment in UO2, and the U13O56 and U63O216 clusters, reflecting the bulk of solid uranium dioxide. The bar graph of the theoretical valence band (from 0 to ~35 eV) of XPS spectrum was built such that it was in satisfactory agreement with the experimental spectrum of a UO2 single crystalline thin film. It was shown that unlike the crystal field theory results, the covalence effects in UO2 are significant due to the strong overlap of the U 6p and U 5f atomic orbitals with the ligand orbitals, in addition to the U 6d atomic orbital (AO). A quantitative molecular orbital (MO) scheme for UO2 was built. The contribution of the MO electrons to the chemical bond covalence component was evaluated on the basis of the bond population values. It was found that the electrons of inner valence molecular orbitals (IVMO) weaken the chemical bond formed by the electrons of outer valence molecular orbitals (OVMO) by 32% in UO8 and by 25% in U63O216.
Engineered addition of slag fines for the sequestration of phosphate and sulfide during mesophilic anaerobic digestion
Authors: Caicedo‐Ramirez Alejandro , Laroco Nicollette , Bilgin Azize A. , Shiokari Steven , Grubb Dennis G. , Hernandez Mark 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe potential for weathered steel slag fines (D50 < 1.6 mm) to sequester dissolved phosphorus and sulfur from fermenting biosolids was determined. Batch studies showed that sorption equilibrium between phosphates and sulfides was reached in less than 48 hr after adding basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag grains to municipal digester sludge. When these same particles were added to pilot digesters (75 L) operating at a 30‐day SRT, a classic dose‐response was observed with respect to PO4 and H2S sequestration, and an inhibitory performance threshold emerged above 20 g BOF/L. Only a fraction of the BOF slag solids contributed to the digester TS mass, because a substantial portion dissolved into the supernatant, some of which contributed to alkalinity. After 160 days of continuous operation, approximately 63% of the total phosphate was sequestered from the supernatant and 78% of the hydrogen sulfide from the biogas, when a steady‐state BOF slag dose of 10 g BOF/L was applied. At or below this level, BOF slag fines had no significant effect on mesophilic digester performance as judged by conventional operational metrics. This study demonstrated that upcycling BOF slag directly into the anaerobic digestion process could offer wastewater resource recovery facilities a novel nutrient management tool.Practitioner points

Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Slag fines can be engineered as a cost‐effective alternative to conventional phosphorus and sulfur control strategies.

A rapid phosphate and sulfide removal from anaerobic digestates occurs within hours after BOF slag addition.

63% of phosphate and 78% of hydrogen sulfide were removed when digester sludge was dosed with 10 g BOF/L, without impacting digester performance.

Only a fraction of the dosed BOF slag contributed to digester TS, likely due to partial dissolution into the digestate.

BOF slag can potentially increase the nutrient content of biosolids, facilitate biogas recovery, and reduce odors.
Changing Structures and the Role of Education in the Development of the Educational System in Czechia
Authors: Kučerová Silvie Rita , Trnková Kateřina , Meyer Petr 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCzechia is an example of a country evincing contradictory tendencies in the development of its social system over the course of the twentieth century, which particularly included a major transition from communist rule towards a democratic society. The authors of this chapter aim to explore ways in which spatial organization of the country’s elementary education has been changing in connection with changes in socioeconomic and political conditions as well as pedagogical principals. They will discuss developmental tendencies with respect to Giddens’ (The constitutiton of society: outline of the theory of structuration. Polity, Cambridge, 1984) Theory of Structuration. They will also present spatial changes in the educational system cartographically by means of maps of elementary schools’ distribution over different time horizons.
Estimating costs of multi-component enterprise applications
Authors: Brogi Antonio , Corradini Andrea , Soldani Jacopo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEstimating the cost of a multi-component application (e.g., its resource or energy consumption) is fundamental in nowadays enterprise IT, especially if we consider that current pricing models are mainly pay per-use. While this is still manageable on small applications, it is really hard to manually estimate the cost of large-scale enterprise applications involving hundreds of interdependent application components. In this article, we formalise the problem of estimating costs of multi-component applications, by representing the structure of an application as a typed directed graph, and by allowing to associate different types of costs with different application components. We show that costs can be fully customised, and that associating different costs with the same application leads to different cost estimation problems defined on that application.We then present an approach for solving cost estimation problems on multi-component applications, which is based on terminating and confluent graph transformations. We also present a prototype implemenation of our approach, which we use to run a case study based on a third-party application.
Evaluation of Oral Pentoxifylline, Colchicine, and Penile Traction for the Management of Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Gazzard Lauren , Alharbi Mohannad , Rompré-Brodeur Alexis , Aube Melanie , Carrier Serge 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Currently, there are several treatment options for Peyronie disease (PD). Although surgical interventions have better reported outcomes than conservative therapy, surgery is not suitable for all patients with PD. Therefore, oral therapy for PD is still a frequently used treatment due to low cost, convenience and limited side effects. However, current literature on the efficacy of oral therapy in PD is inconclusive. Pentoxifylline and colchicine have both shown some promise though further studies are required to confirm their effectiveness.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of oral therapy for PD, including pentoxifylline and colchicine, coupled with the Andropenis penile traction therapy (PTT) extender on degree of penile curvature and plaque size.

Methods
Between March 2015 and June 2018, a prospectively collected database for patients receiving oral therapy for PD (pentoxifylline and/or colchicine) was reviewed.

Main Outcome Measure
Collected data variables were compared at baseline and after 6 months of treatment, including degree of curvature, plaque size, and penile Doppler ultrasound parameters (peak systolic velocity, minimum diastolic velocity, and pulsatility index). PTT was applied by the patient for a total of 1 hour per day for 6 months.

Results
A total of 46 patients were involved in this study. Mean age was 56 ± 10 years. There was a significant decrease in the degree of penile curvature after 6 months (55.8º ± 20º vs 41.4º ± 20.8º; P = .03). Likewise, the plaque size decreased significantly from 5.42 ± 2.7 to 2.42 ± 1.71 cm2; P = .0001. There was a significant increase in the peak systolic velocity from 29.8 ± 10.02 to 38.2 ± 11cm/sec; P = .02, whereas no statistically significant difference could be detected regarding end diastolic velocity (M = 0.56 ± 3.1 vs 1.59; P = .415) or pulsatility index (Mdiff = 0.03; CI = -0.06 to 0.12; P = .473). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in medication type of pentoxifylline or colchicine (Mdiff = 17.23; CI = -3.31 to 37.77; P = .09).

Conclusion
Altogether, pentoxifylline and colchicine, taken with concomitant PTT, present a potentially convenient, low cost, and effective treatment for penile curvature and plaque resulting from PD. Prospective randomized trials are still required for better evaluation of the course of PD with patients undergoing conservative management.
Three new species, new combinations and a key to known species ofLobothallia(Megasporaceae)
Authors: PAUKOV Alexander G. , DAVYDOV Evgeny A. , NORDIN Anders , ROUX Claude , ŞENKARDEŞLER Ayhan , SOHRABI Mohammad , VONDRÁK Jan , FROLOV Ivan V. , TEPTINA Anzhelika Yu. , SHIRYAEVA Anna S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThree species,Lobothallia brachylobaPaukov & I. V. Frolov,L. epiadelphaPaukov & A. Nordin andL. zogtiiPaukov & Davydov, from arid regions of Eurasia (Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China and Mongolia) are described as new to science.Lobothallia brachylobahas flat, firmly attached lobes, immersed apothecia lacking a distinct thalline margin, and contains norstictic acid. BothLobothallia epiadelphaandL. zogtiicontain stictic acid and have a brown thallus and sessile apothecia.Lobothallia epiadelphainitially develops on crustoseCircinariaspp, has thick lobes loosely attached to the substratum, and brown apothecial discs with constant thalline margins.Lobothallia zogtiiis a free-living species with brownish black to jet black apothecial discs surrounded by a receding thalline margin.Lecanora bogdoënsisis synonymized withLobothallia praeradiosaandLobothallia helanensisis synonymized withL. subdiffracta. Three new combinations,Lobothallia hedinii(H. Magn.) Paukov, A. Nordin & Sohrabi,L. lacteola(Oxner) Şenkardeşler, Paukov, Davydov & Sohrabi, andL. subdiffracta(H. Magn.) Paukov, are proposed. Phylogenetic analyses ofLobothallia brachyloba,L. epiadelphaandL. subdiffracta(ITS, mtSSU) are presented, showing their relationships withinLobothallia. The lectotype of the nameAspicilia lacteolaOxner is designated. A key to 18 species ofLobothalliais provided.
Middle class timelines: Ethnic humor and sexual modernity in Delhi
Authors: Hall Kira 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe rise of India's global economy has reinforced a perception of English as a language of sexual modernity within the expanding middle classes. This article explores this perception in the multilingual humor of Hindi-speaking Delhi youth marginalized for sexual and gender difference. Their joking routines feature the Sikh Sardarji, a longstanding ethnic figure often caricatured as circulating in modernity but lacking the English competence to understand modernity's semiotics. Reflective of the economic restructuring that ushered in the millennium, the humor supports a normative progress narrative that prioritizes an ethnically unmarked urban middle class. At the same time, the lesbian, bisexual, and transgender youth who tell these jokes—still criminalized under Section 377 when this fieldwork was conducted—shift this narrative by positioning sexual knowledge at modernity's forefront. The analysis reveals how sexual modernity—here viewed as constituted in everyday interaction through competing configurations of place, time, and personhood—relies on normativity even while defining itself against it. (Chronotope, ethnic humor, formulaic jokes, globalization, Hindi-English, Hinglish, media, middle class, normativity, sexual modernity, temporality)*
Farming the Sea: The Only Way to Meet Humanity's Future Food Needs
Authors: Schubel Jerry R. , Thompson Kimberly 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA major change began 10,000–12,000 years ago when humans began to practice agriculture. A series of “green revolutions” enabled the human population to explode, but these advancements have dramatically changed the planet. The United Nations predicts that we will need to produce 50% more food by 2050 to feed another 2.5 billion people, but this will be challenging with tighter land and water resources and a changing climate. Responsible marine aquaculture can complement responsible land‐based agriculture and aquaculture and well‐managed fisheries to increase the global supply of nutritious food.
Chronic iron exposure and c-Myc/H-ras-mediated transformation in fallopian tube cells alter the expression of EVI1, amplified at 3q26.2 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Rockfield Stephanie , Kee Younghoon , Nanjundan Meera 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancers (HGSOC) are not yet well defined although key precursor cells have been identified (including fimbriated fallopian tube epithelium, FTSECs). Since iron is elevated in endometriotic cysts and the pelvic cavity, it is suggested that this source of redox-active iron may contribute to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Specifically, sources of nontransferrin-bound iron (NTBI) within the pelvic cavity could arise from ovulation, retrograde menstruation, follicular fluid, or iron overload conditions (i.e., hemochromatosis). Herein, we investigated the cellular response of p53-inactivated and telomerase-expressing (immortalized) FTSECs (Pax8+/FoxJ1−) to NTBI (presented as ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), supplemented in media for >2 months) in order to assess its ability to promote the transition to a tumor-like phenotype; this cellular response was compared with immortalized FTSECs transformed with H-RasV12A and c-MycT58A. Both approaches resulted in increased cell numbers and expression of the oncogenic transcriptional regulator, ecotropic virus integration site 1 (EVI1, a gene most frequently amplified at 3q26.2 in HGSOC, represented by multiple variants), along with other oncogenic gene products. In contrast to the transformed cells, FAC-exposed FTSECs elicited elevated migratory capacity (and epithelial–mesenchymal transition mRNA profile) along with increased expression of DNA damage response proteins (i.e., FANCD2) and hTERT mRNA relative to controls. Interestingly, in FAC-exposed FTSECs, EVI1 siRNA attenuated hTERT mRNA expression, whereas siRNAs targeting β-catenin and BMI1 (both elevated with chronic iron exposure) reduced Myc and Cyclin D1 proteins. Collectively, our novel findings provide strong foundational evidence for potential iron-induced initiation events, including EVI1 alterations, in the pathogenesis of HGSOC, warranting further in depth investigations. Thus, these findings will substantially advance our understanding of the contribution of iron enriched within the pelvic cavity, which may identify patients at risk of developing this deadly disease.
Frontal white matter architecture predicts efficacy of deep brain stimulation in major depression
Authors: Coenen Volker A. , Schlaepfer Thomas E. , Bewernick Bettina , Kilian Hannah , Kaller Christoph P. , Urbach Horst , Li Meng , Reisert Marco 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMajor depression is a frequent and severe disorder, with a combination of psycho- and pharmacotherapy most patients can be treated. However, ~20% of all patients suffering from major depressive disorder remain treatment resistant; a subgroup might be treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS). We present two trials of DBS to the superolateral medial forebrain bundle (slMFB DBS; FORESEE I and II). The goal was to identify informed features that allow to predict treatment response. Data from N = 24 patients were analyzed. Preoperative imaging including anatomical sequences (T1 and T2) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging sequences were used together with postoperative helical CT scans (for DBS electrode position). Pathway activation modeling (PAM) as well as preoperative structural imaging and morphometry was used to understand the response behavior of patients (MADRS). A left fronto-polar and partly orbitofrontal region was identified that showed increased volume in preoperative anatomical scans. Further statistical analysis shows that the volume of this “HUB-region” is predictive for later MADRS response from DBS. The HUB region connects to typical fiber pathways that have been addressed before in therapeutic DBS in major depression. Left frontal volume growth might indicate intrinsic activity upon disconnection form the main emotional network. The results are significant since for the first time we found an informed feature that might allow to identify and phenotype future responders for slMFB DBS. This is a clear step into the direction of personalized treatments.