bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of various gastrojejunostomy tube constructs for enteral support of small animal patients
Authors: Risselada Marije , Griffith Emily , Kapler Meredith , McDonald-Lynch Mischa 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing gastrojejunostomy tubes from jejunostomy and gastrostomy tubes that would allow for gastric and enteral feeding of and aspiration of gastric contents from small animal patients.
DESIGN In vitro study.
SAMPLE 9 gastrojejunostomy constructs.
PROCEDURES Commercially available gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes were combined to create 9 constructs. Three investigators tested each construct with 4 solutions (tap water, a commercial enteral diet, and 2 canned food–water mixtures) and 3 syringe sizes for ease of injection through the gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes and aspiration through the gastrostomy tube. Flow rates were calculated and analyzed to evaluate effects of tube diameter and syringe size for each solution.
RESULTS The 20F/8F, 24F/8F, 28F/8F, and 28F/10F (gastrostomy tube/jejunostomy tube) constructs allowed for injection and aspiration of all solutions. The 5F jejunostomy tubes allowed only water to be injected, whereas the 8F jejunostomy tubes did not allow injection of the canned food–water mixtures. The 20F/10F construct did not allow injection or aspiration through the gastrostomy tube, whereas the 18F/8F construct allowed injection but not aspiration through the gastrostomy tube. Faster flow rates through the gastrostomy tube were associated with larger gastrostomy tube diameter, smaller jejunostomy tube diameter, and smaller syringe size. Faster flow rates through the jejunostomy tube were associated with smaller jejunostomy tube diameter.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that homemade gastrojejunostomy constructs would allow for administration of a variety of enteral diets. Limitations to the administration and aspiration of various enteral diets as well as patient needs should be considered before a gastrojejunostomy tube combination is chosen.
Hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin delivery system: Synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial activity
Authors: Ciocilteu Maria-Viorica , Mocanu Andreea Gabriela , Mocanu Adriana , Ducu Catalin , Nicolaescu Oana Elena , Manda Valentin Costel , Turcu-Stiolica Adina , Nicolicescu Claudiu , Melinte Razvan , Balasoiu Maria , Croitoru Octavian , Neamtu Johny 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to synthesize hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites using a chemical precipitation method and to evaluate the properties and in vitro release profile of the drug from the hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites. Composite characterization was achieved by FT-IR, XRD and DLS. Ciprofloxacin determination was accomplished by HPLC, resulting in good incorporation efficiency of the drug (18.13 %). The in vitro release study (Higuchi model C = K t
1/2 and Ritger-Peppas model, C = K t
0.6) showed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The antibacterial activity showed that the bacterial growth inhibition zones were approximately equal for the synthesis composites and for the mechanical mixture on the Staphylococcus aureus germ.
The use of hydroxyapatite, which is a biocompatible, bioactive and osteoconductive material, with ciprofloxacin, which has good antibacterial activity in this composite, makes it suitable for the development of bone grafts. Furthermore, the synthesis process allows a slow local release of the drug.
Topical antifungal bigels: Formulation, characterization and evaluation
Authors: Mazurkeviciute Agne , Ramanauskiene Kristina , Ivaskiene Marija , Grigonis Aidas , Briedis Vitalis 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Bigels with antifungal substances, ciclopirox olamine and terbinafine hydrochloride, were made of hydrogel (poloxamer 407 gel) and oleogel (polyethylene and liquid paraffin mixture). Prepared bigels were found physically stable at room temperature for six months and at least four months at 40 °C. Released amount of drug decreased when oleogel concentration in the formulation increased. Release test results depended on the insertion place of active substances. The amount of released substance was highest when ciclopirox olamine was incorporated in both phases in an equal quantity, and terbinafine hydrochloride in oleogel or in hydrogel. All formulations showed great inhibition of Microsporum canis. Thus, bigels with ciclopirox olamine and terbinafine hydrochloride are a promising dosage form for topical use.
Reversed phase HPLC for strontium ranelate: Method development and validation applying experimental design
Authors: Kovács Béla , Kántor Lajos Kristóf , Croitoru Mircea Dumitru , Kelemen Éva Katalin , Obreja Mona , Nagy Előd Ernő , Székely-Szentmiklósi Blanka , Gyéresi Árpád 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method was developed for strontium ranelate using a full factorial, screening experimental design. The analytical procedure was validated according to international guidelines for linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy and precision. A separate experimental design was used to demonstrate the robustness of the method. Strontium ranelate was eluted at 4.4 minutes and showed no interference with the excipients used in the formulation, at 321 nm. The method is linear in the range of 20–320 μg mL−1 (R2
= 0.99998). Recovery, tested in the range of 40–120 μg mL−1, was found to be 96.1–102.1 %. Intra-day and intermediate precision RSDs ranged from 1.0–1.4 and 1.2–1.4 %, resp. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.06 and 0.20 μg mL−1, resp. The proposed technique is fast, cost-effective, reliable and reproducible, and is proposed for the routine analysis of strontium ranelate.
Comparison of the endoparasite fauna of Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Erythrinidae), sympatric hosts in the eastern Amazon region (Brazil)
Authors: Oliveira M. S. B. , Corrêa L. Lima , Prestes L. , Neves L. R. , Brasiliense A. R. P. , Ferreira D. O. , Tavares-Dias M. 
Published: April 2018

Summary

Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus are Erythrinidae family widely distributed in the Amazon River system of great value to both commercial and subsistence fishing for riverine populations. As such, the objective of the present study was to investigate the endoparasite communities of H. malabaricus and H. unitaeniatus of a tributary of the Amazon River in the north of Brazil. The endoparasite communities of H. unitaeniatus and H. malabaricus were taxonomically similar (85%) and consisted of Clinostomum marginatum, Contracaecum sp., Guyanema seriei seriei, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Pseudoproleptus sp. and Gorytocephalus spectabilis, although the dominant endoparasite was C. marginatum, which was the most prevalent and abundant. All the specimens of both H. malabaricus and H. unitaeniatus were parasitized, with a total of 1237 helminths collected in the former host and 1151 helminths collected in the latter. Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus possessed greater parasite species richness. Both hosts had an aggregate dispersion of parasites, and the abundance of C. marginatum, Contracaecum sp. and G. spectabilis correlated positively with the weight and length of the hosts. The condition factor was not affected by parasitism, but the abundance of C. marginatum and Contracaecum sp. increased when the condition factor of the hosts decreased. This is the first report of G. seriei seriei for H. malabaricus and Pseudoproleptus sp. for H. unitaeniatus.
Endoparasites of the European hare (Lepus europaeus) (Pallas, 1778) in central Italy
Authors: Sergi V. , Romeo G. , Serafini M. , Torretta E. , Macchioni F. 
Published: April 2018

Summary
Brown hare (Lepus europaeus) populations in Europe have declined through decades due to several, but not clear yet, factors. Parasite infections and diseases are some of the causes that directly affected the survival and breeding rates of animal population.
A study on the endoparasites of 70 hares (37 hunted free-living hares, and 33 bred on farms hares) was performed between 2015 - 2017 in the province of Grosseto (central Italy), an area where the impact of parasites in the hare population has never been investigated. During necroscopic analysis of hunted hares the following helminthes were found: Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (87.1 %), Passalurus ambiguus (12.9 %) and Andrya spp. (6.4 %) in the intestinal tract, Protostrongylus cuniculorum (8.3 %) in lungs and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (16.7 %) in livers. The prevalences of the intestinal helminthes in bred hares were: 12.1 % for Passalurus ambiguus and 3 % for Trichostrongylus retortaeformis. The coprological analysis showed prevalences of 64.9 % for coccidia in the 37 hunted hares and 45.5 % in the 33 bred hares. The relationship between the intensities of parasitic infections and body weight was evaluated.
The results of the present study in the Grosseto area indicate that free-living hares have few species of parasites and that the intensities of parasitic infection did not affect their general condition and health, suggesting that endoparasites played no detectable role in the dynamics of this hare population.
Correspondence of zooplankton assemblage and water quality in wetlands of Cachar, Assam, India: Implications for environmental management
Authors: Kar Sulata , Das Papia , Das Uma , Bimola Maibam , Kar Devashish , Aditya Gautam 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The zooplankton assemblage of selected wetlands of Assam, India was assessed to deduce the structural variation in the context of water quality parameters. A two year study between 2012 and 2014 comprising of 530 samples from the five wetlands revealed the presence of 46 taxa, 26 Rotifera, 15 Cladocera, 4 Copepoda and 1 Ostracoda, in varying density. The rotifers dominated in terms of abundance (48 ind. cm−3) followed by the cladocerans (28 ind. cm−3) and the copepods (19 ind. cm−3) and showed significant (p <0.05) correlations with turbidity, alkalinity, hardness and phosphate contents of the water samples. The diversity and the richness of the zooplankton showed an increasing trend with the water temperature. Among the different taxa, Brachionus sp. was most abundant followed by Mesocyclops sp. while Beauchampiella sp. was represented in the least numbers. Application of the cluster analysis allowed the segregation of the different zooplankton based on the similarities of abundance in the samples. The water quality parameters like temperature, alkalinity, turbidity, magnesium and calcium were observed to be significant contributors in shaping the zooplankton community composition of the wetlands, revealed through the correlations and canonical correspondence analysis. As an extension, the information can be used in monitoring the quality of the freshwater habitats of the concerned and similar geographical regions, using the zooplankton as the major constituents. The variations in the abundance of cladoceran, copepod and rotifer zooplanktons can be used to understand the mechanisms that sustain the food webs of the aquatic community of the freshwater bodies.
Changes in Chara hispida L. morphology in response to phosphate aluminium coagulant application
Authors: Rybak Michał , Joniak Tomasz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Progressing eutrophication of waterbodies requires measures to be undertaken that aim at halting or reversing negative changes in the environment. Chemical restoration is one of the most common methods used for lake treatment, where iron or aluminium phosphate coagulants are applied. However, their chemical qualities pose the risk of acidification and aluminium ion release, which become toxic in acidic conditions. The influence of coagulants on aquatic plants, including charophytes that are very valuable from the ecological perspective, is little recognised. For this reason, the aim of the research was to define changes in the growth pattern of the charophyte Chara hispida under the influence of an aluminium coagulant. The research was carried out in mesocosms (0.8 m3) located in situ in a lake. Polyaluminium chloride was applied once to each chamber in doses of 50.0, 100.0 and 200.0 ml m−3. Coagulant concentrations reflected aggressive restoration aimed at precipitation of phosphates, suspension and water colour at the same time. It was proved that the coagulant had inhibited the growth and slightly reduced the length of branchlets, and simultaneously elongated internode cells. Changes in the total length as well as the length of branchlets were caused by a strong pH decrease of the environment which simultaneously induced higher aluminium solubility and toxicity. Elongation of internode cells was caused by reduced light availability, resulting from high water turbidity in the first stage of coagulant’s application, and then from the charophytes’ thallus being covered by a coagulated suspension precipitated from water.
Re-Shared Urban Space: New Actors and Processes in South American Cities
Authors: Czerny Mirosława 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Following stormy debate regarding the role of globalisation and global space in development, geographical analyses are now tending to return to matters of place, and its role in people’s lives. Given that Latin America’s cities were founded by Europeans, one might expect them to be characterised by processes and phenomena similar to European experiences and general processes of globalisation today. In fact, however, specific socio-cultural features arising from both the colonial and pre-colonial past of this region, political factors (especially that reflecting the presence of powerful elites descended from the Spanish) and economic features (interest in the region’s resources being displayed by foreign investors) have all conspired to ensure that Latin America is characterised by a development trajectory distinct from those in other regions, as well as by contemporary structures in urbanised areas being shaped by diverse political and economic forces, mechanisms ever-present in the region’s culture and politics deriving from social stratification, strong regionalisms, and diversified economic potential and global relationships.
Prognostic value of plasma EBV DNA for nasopharyngeal cancer patients during treatment with intensity-modulated radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy
Authors: Lertbutsayanukul Chawalit , Kannarunimit Danita , Prayongrat Anussara , Chakkabat Chakkapong , Kitpanit Sarin , Hansasuta Pokrath 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Plasma EBV DNA concentrations at the time of diagnosis (pre-EBV) and post treatment (post-EBV) have significant value for predicting the clinical outcome of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients. However, the prognostic value of the EBV concentration during radiation therapy (mid-EBV) has not been vigorously studied.

Patients and methods
This was a post hoc analysis of 105 detectable pre-EBV NPC patients from a phase II/III study comparing sequential (SEQ) versus simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Plasma EBV DNA concentrations were measured by PCR before commencement of IMRT, at the 5th week of radiation therapy and 3 months after the completion of IMRT. The objective was to identify the prognostic value of mid-EBV to predict overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).

Results
A median pre-EBV was 6880 copies/ml. Mid-EBV and post-EBV were detectable in 14.3% and 6.7% of the patients, respectively. The median follow-up time was 45.3 months. The 3-year OS, PFS and DMFS rates were 86.0% vs. 66.7% (p = 0.043), 81.5% vs. 52.5% (p = 0.006), 86.1% vs. 76.6% (p = 0.150), respectively, for those with undetectable mid-EBV vs. persistently detectable mid-EBV. However, in the multivariate analysis, only persistently detectable post-EBV was significantly associated with a worse OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 6.881, 95% confident interval (CI) 1.699-27.867, p = 0.007), PFS (HR = 5.117, 95% CI 1.562–16.768, p = 0.007) and DMFS (HR = 129.071, 95%CI 19.031–875.364, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Detectable post-EBV was the most powerful adverse prognostic factor for OS, PFS and DMFS; however, detectable mid-EBV was associated with worse OS, PFS especially Local-PFS (LPFS) and may facilitate adaptive treatment during the radiation treatment period.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma as primary bone tumor in a patient with B hepatic viral infection - case report
Authors: Ene Răzvan , Pánti Zsombor , Pleniceanu Marian , Nica Mihai , Popa Mihnea , Cîrstoiu Monica , Cîrstoiu Cătălin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which has shown an increasing incidence in the past decades. 7% of primary bone tumors consist of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The etiology of this type of lymphoma is still unclear. Our aim was to study the latest research papers; to highlight the importance of cooperation between different medical specialty departments, in rare cases like NHL as PBT with associated HBV infection.
Case report: We present the case of a 39-year-old male patient, who presented to the orthopedic department of the University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, with moderate pain, swelling, and a palpable mass of the right lower limb.
Management and Outcome: The patient underwent several investigations, whose result was DLBCL and an associated HBV infection. Due to the aggressive form of DLBCL, chemotherapeutical treatment has to be initiated as soon as possible to prevent further growth of the tumor. An antiviral therapy had to be initiated to prevent the hepatic failure, which could appear after chemotherapy and in the acute phase of viral infection.
Discussion: Our case raised the question regarding what kind of relationship could be identified between the HBV infection and NHL, and how this condition influenced the outcome of the treatment.
Post-chemotherapy bone metastasis recurrence of colorectal adenocarcinoma - case report
Authors: Ene Răzvan , Pleniceanu Marian , Popa Mihnea , Nica Mihai , Zsombor Panti , Şerban Bogdan , Cîrstoiu Cătălin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
One of the most common neoplasms in the world, ranking third, is the colorectal cancer. 96% of all cases of colorectal cancer are adenocarcinoma. The prognostic of this diagnostic is a bad one, with low 5-years survival rate. Although the most common locations for the metastases are the liver and the lungs, the bones can also be targeted (5.5%).
We present the case of a 65-year-old male who came to the hospital with pain and tumefaction at the right fibular head. After extensive clinical and paraclinical examinations, a biopsy was performed, at which stage the entire tumor was removed. The result was that of moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient was then further examined and a tumor was discovered at the sigmoid colon. The primary tumor was removed and the patient underwent oncological treatment. 2 years later, the patient returned with a recurrence of the bone metastasis. After a PET-CT that infirmed other metastases coupled with a satisfactory evolution of the primary tumor, the decision was made to amputate the knee above. Biopsy is an essential step that establishes the correct diagnostic and dictates the right choice of treatment solution. Counseling is also essential, so that the patient can choose and accept the best treatment option.
Challenges in treating pleomorphic bone sarcoma in elderly patients: a case report
Authors: Orlov Cristina , Nitipir Cornelia 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Pleomorphic sarcomas or spindle cell sarcomas of the bone are rare malignant tumors that affect the adult. Fracture in the affected bone is the most frequent first symptom. Multimodal treatment is similar to the one for osteosarcoma, but the benefit is less evidence-based, due to the rarity of this sarcoma subtype. The present paper is a case report of a 73-year-old patient, who presented with a comminuted fracture of the distal third of the femur after a fall on ice. Differential diagnosis of bone metastasis was made. After the histopathological confirmation, the surgical team decided to amputate, with prior patient consent. The tumor was staged pT1NxMx, R0. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the histopathological diagnosis. A lytic lesion in the stump bone appeared on post-operative MRI and was interpreted as skip metastasis. No other metastatic sites were detected. The multidisciplinary team decided for adjuvant chemotherapy (3 courses) and then radiotherapy. He was unable to receive the total planned dose of radiotherapy due to local toxicity. Even so, he is free of recurrence on long-term follow-up.
Positive outcome in a high-grade myxofibrosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Olaru Mihaela , Nitipir Cornelia 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma or myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most common sarcomas of the limb. It is usually treated multimodally. Most frequent sites of metastasis are the bone, lung and lymph nodes. The present paper is a case report of a 65-year-old male with myxofibrosarcoma of the fibularis longus muscle, for which he first underwent surgery - tumor resection with appropriate margins. The tumor was staged pT2b cN0 cM0. Postoperative PET-CT revealed metabolically inactive pulmonary nodules. Two months after surgery, he underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, a total dose of 60 Gy and 6 courses of chemotherapy (doxorubicin and ifosfamide). Pulmonary nodules have been stationary on all subsequent imagistic studies. He is free of recurrence on long-term follow-up.
Studies on effect of induced mutagenesis on Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) Var- CO 13 in M1 generation
Authors: L. Mullainathan K. Aviya, 
Published: April 2018

The present study was carried out to induce chemical mutagens in Finger millet (Eleusinecoracana(L.) Gaertn.). The seed were subjected to different treatment level of EMS and DES. The parameters like Plant height(cm), Number of leaves per plant, Leaf length (cm/plant), Number of finger per plant, Finger length (cm/plant), Days to first bloom, Yield per plant (g) and 1000 grains weight (g)were observed in M1generation. And the result revealed that, all the parameters except days to first blooming show a dose dependent decrease in both treatments. The LD-50 value was found in 30mM of EMS and 40mM of DES.
Analisis Kesediaan Membayar (Willingness to Pay) Sayuran Organik dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya
Authors: Priambodo Lutfhan Hadi , Najib Mukhamad 
Published: April 2018

<p>Perkembangan era modern dan peningkatan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) per kapita mengubah perilaku konsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Masyarakat Indonesia menyadari pentingnya hidup sehat dengan mengkonsumsi sayuran organik. Kenaikan biaya produksi sebagai akibat dari peningkatan kualitas produk menyebabkan harga jual sayuran organik di pasaran meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik konsumen yang melakukan pembelian sayuran organik dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif, menghitung nilai kesediaan membayar (WTP) konsumen dengan menggunakan metode <em>Contingent Valuation Method (CVM),</em><em> </em>dan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan membayar menggunakan <em>Structural Equation Modelling (</em><em>SEM) </em>dengan LISREL. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai rata-rata WTP untuk kol sebesar Rp 18 738, selada sebesar Rp 30.048, brokoli sebesar Rp 40 250, pakchoy sebesar Rp 24 368 dan wortel sebesar Rp 19 820. Sikap dan hambatan berpengaruh signifikan pada WTP sedangkan <em>Socio Economic Status</em><em> </em>(SES) tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan.</p>Kata kunci: CVM, sayuran organik, SEM, WTP