bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting Good Governance Through Transnational Projects: A Study of Swedish Funding in Russia 1991–2005
Authors: Kravchenko Zhanna , Weinryb Noomi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article explores how foreign funders may promote good governance in a country without a history of established democratic processes. It examines the travel of ideas of democracy and human rights from Sweden to Russia through transnational cooperation projects during the period 1991–2005. Considering these projects as forms of high‐stakes translations, the study finds that many of them engaged with Russian society only on a superficial level without embedding ideas in local organizational practices. Identifying the weaknesses often found in such translations, the study points to the difficulty of contributing to a democratic transformation of Russia by means of foreign‐funded projects lacking contextual anchorage.
Sensory Dislocation and Transnational Ties: Exploring the Forced Immobility of Older Russian Speakers in Finland Amidst COVID‐19 Restrictions
Authors: Kemppainen Laura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 travel restrictions were especially distressing for migrants, whose transnational lifestyles and networks often rely on travelling, even in older age. Drawing on 20 interviews, this study analyses the effect of COVID restrictions on the transnational lives of older Russian migrants in Finland. The study highlights the importance of physical co‐presence in transnational relationships, showing that older migrants suffered from ‘sensory disconnection’ caused by forced immobility. In Finland, participants typically maintained narrow social circles dominated by kin relations. Amidst the pandemic, they sought comfort through nature and gardening, sensory‐rich practices akin to Soviet‐era dacha practices. Yet, the inability to reconnect physically with their country of origin, particularly for practices such as visits to cemeteries, emerged as a substantial source of emotional distress. Connection with deceased kin was an integral part of their transnational network. The findings suggest that maintaining transnational visits is key to the well‐being of many older migrants.
APEX1 Polymorphisms Affect Acute Myeloid Leukemia Risk, and Its Expression Is Involved in Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Authors: Gotoh Nanami , Oda Tsukasa , Kitamura Yuya , Shiraishi Natsuki , Aoyagi Runa , Omori Ayane , Yanagisawa Kota , Iida Minami , Itoi Yua , Negishi Hikaru , Matsumura Ikuko , Kasamatsu Tetsuhiro , Miyauchi Eiji , Sasaki Nobuo , Takada Satoru , Yokohama Akihiko , Handa Hiroshi , Murakami Hirokazu , Saitoh Takayuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe link between DNA repair gene polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility has gained significant attention. Thus, we investigated the impact of base excision repair (BER) gene polymorphisms on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) risk and pathogenesis.MethodsIn total, 106 patients with AML and 191 healthy controls were included in the study, wherein polymorphisms in four BER genes (APEX1, MUTYH, OGG1, and XRCC1) were examined.ResultsNotably, the APEX1‐656 T>G polymorphism exhibited a significant association with AML risk in the recessive (TT vs. TG + GG) (p = 0.046) and co‐dominant models (TT vs. GG) (p = 0.02). Assessing APEX1 expression levels, APEX1 expression was elevated in the bone marrow of patients with AML compared with that in controls (p = 0.02). Subsequently, we compared the percentages of CD34+ cells between the APEX1 high or low expression groups, revealing a significant difference (high vs. low = 29.9% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.01). Additionally, we observed reduced APEX1 expression in HL60 cells differentiated with all‐trans retinoic acid (p < 0.001). We hypothesized that APEX1 expression could correlate with stemness and analyzed its expression in stem and differentiated cells.ConclusionsIn the GSE48558 dataset, AML cells and normal CD34+ cells expressed APEX1 at higher levels than did granulocytes (p < 0.01). Functional experiments revealed that APEX1 knockdown led to a reduction in AML cell proliferation. These findings indicated that APEX1 polymorphisms were a potential risk factor for AML and highlighted the important role of APEX1 in regulating AML cell differentiation and proliferation.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of AI‐enabled assessment in language learning: Design, implementation, and effectiveness
Authors: Chen Angxuan , Zhang Yuyue , Jia Jiyou , Liang Min , Cha Yingying , Lim Cher Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLanguage assessment plays a pivotal role in language education, serving as a bridge between students' understanding and educators' instructional approaches. Recently, advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have introduced transformative possibilities for automating and personalising language assessments.ObjectivesThis article aims to explore the design and implementation of AI‐enabled assessment tools in language education, filling the research gaps regarding the impact of assessment type, intervention duration, education level, and first language learner/second language learner (L1/L2) on the effectiveness of AI‐enabled assessment tools in enhancing students' language learning outcome.MethodsThis study conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to examine 25 empirical studies from January 2012 to March 2024 from six databases (including EBSCO, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library and CNKI).ResultsThe predominant design in AI‐driven assessment tools is the structural AI architecture. These tools are most frequently deployed in classroom settings for upper primary students within a short duration. A subsequent meta‐analysis showed a medium overall effect size (Hedges's g = 0.390, p < 0.001) for the application of AI‐enabled assessment tools in enhancing students' language learning, underscoring their significant impact on language learning outcomes. This evidence robustly supports the practical utility of these tools in educational contexts.ConclusionsThe analysis of several moderator variables (i.e., assessment type, intervention duration, educational level and L1/L2 learners) and potential impacts on language learning performance indicates that AI‐enabled assessment could be more useful in language education with a proper implementation design. Future research could investigate diverse instructional designs for integrating AI‐based assessment tools in language education.
An online, father‐inclusive parenting intervention for reducing child conduct problems: a randomised controlled trial of family man
Authors: Tully Lucy A. , Turnell Adrienne I. , Morgan Bronte G. , Hawes David J. , Anderson Jenny , Kean Anna , Dadds Mark R. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundParenting interventions are effective for improving child conduct problems (CPs), but online self‐directed interventions are required to improve reach and impact. Mothers are the main users of such programmes; fathers show low participation rates despite evidence of increased efficacy when they participate.MethodsThis randomised controlled trial examined the efficacy of Family Man, a brief, self‐directed online parenting intervention for fathers and mothers of children with CPs. The intervention involves several innovative design features to maximise the engagement of fathers. Families (N = 103; 102 mothers, 78 fathers) seeking help with managing their 2‐ to 8‐year‐old child's CPs were randomly assigned to either the Family Man intervention condition (n = 53) or a 4‐week waitlist control group (n = 50). Primary outcomes were frequency and severity of child CPs and secondary outcomes included dysfunctional parenting, parenting efficacy, parenting stress, parental psychological distress, household disorganisation and interparental conflict.ResultsRepeated measures ANOVAs/MANOVAs found that at 4‐week post‐assessment, parents in the intervention group reported significantly lower levels of child CPs than waitlist. Significant effects for the intervention group relative to waitlist were also found across all secondary outcomes examined. Intervention effects were maintained at 2‐month follow‐up for the intervention group. Outcomes did not significantly differ for mothers and fathers.ConclusionsResults support the efficacy of this brief, self‐directed online parenting intervention in improving child CPs and a range of parent and family outcomes, both for fathers and mothers. Implications for improving the reach and impact of parenting interventions and increasing father engagement, are discussed.
Rapid colonization of a space‐returned Ryugu sample by terrestrial microorganisms
Authors: Genge Matthew J. , Almeida Natasha , Van Ginneken Matthias , Pinault Lewis , Preston Louisa J. , Wozniakiewicz Penelope J. , Yano Hajime 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe presence of microorganisms within meteorites has been used as evidence for extraterrestrial life, however, the potential for terrestrial contamination makes their interpretation highly controversial. Here, we report the discovery of rods and filaments of organic matter, which are interpreted as filamentous microorganisms, on a space‐returned sample from 162173 Ryugu recovered by the Hayabusa 2 mission. The observed carbonaceous filaments have sizes and morphologies consistent with microorganisms and are spatially associated with indigenous organic matter. The abundance of filaments changed with time and suggests the growth and decline of a prokaryote population with a generation time of 5.2 days. The population statistics indicate an extant microbial community originating through terrestrial contamination. The discovery emphasizes that terrestrial biota can rapidly colonize extraterrestrial specimens even given contamination control precautions. The colonization of a space‐returned sample emphasizes that extraterrestrial organic matter can provide a suitable source of metabolic energy for heterotrophic organisms on Earth and other planets.
Algorithmic Paranoia: Gig Workers' Affective Experience of Abusive Algorithmic Management
Authors: Alacovska Ana , Bucher Eliane , Fieseler Christian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAmidst the rapid rise of gig economy platforms, gig workers increasingly report feelings of mistrust, anxiety, and profound fear under opaque and abusive algorithmic management. This article introduces the concept of ‘algorithmic paranoia’ to capture the negative affective experiences stemming from workers' perceptions of algorithmic management as non‐transparent, arbitrary, and retaliatory. Drawing on the concept of organisational paranoia from sociology and organisation studies, we theorise how workers' adverse experiences breed mistrust and suspicion toward both human and nonhuman actors on the platform. This culminates in intense feelings of persecution and anticipations of harm, which workers strive to cope with through hypervigilance and self‐protective actions aimed at pre‐empting anticipated threats. Our study contributes to existing literature by emphasising the role of affect in workers' responses to algorithmic management, highlighting the self‐reinforcing dynamics among perceptions of abusive management, negative affective experiences, and preventive, self‐preserving actions. We base our findings on an abductive analysis of data from 53 in‐depth interviews with creative freelancers on gig economy platforms and conversations from an online community forum.
Understory Environmental Conditions Drive Leaf Level‐Lipid Biosynthesis in a Deciduous and Evergreen Tree Species
Authors: Wang Zhao , White Joseph D. , Hockaday William C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPlants in the understory experience climatic conditions affected by the overstory canopy that influence physiological and biochemical processes. Here, we investigate the relationships of leaf lipid molecular abundances to leaf water content, transmitted irradiance, and free‐air temperature (Tair) from deciduous angiosperm (Quercus buckleyi) and evergreen gymnosperm (Juniperus ashei) understory trees across an elevation gradient in a central Texas (USA) woodland. Monthly sampling from 04/2019 to 01/2020 revealed that long‐chain leaf waxes (≥ C27) accumulated with leaf water deficit over the growing season for both tree species. Higher transmitted light during the hottest, driest months was due to a decreased leaf area index (LAI) in the canopy as leaf shedding is a common drought response. Isoprenoids (sesqui‐, di‐terpenoids, phytosterols) in leaves changed by month with changing LAI and transmittance associated with monthly Tair changes. The chain length of n‐alkanols in Q. buckleyi shifted with seasonal LAI at different topographic positions. The unsaturation of fatty acids in both tree species decreased with increased seasonal Tair but showed topography sensitivity. Leaf‐level metabolites responded to understory microclimatic variables that were influenced by seasonality and topography.
Linalool and 1,8‐Cineole as Constitutive Disease‐Resistant Factors of Norway Spruce Against Necrotrophic Pathogen Heterobasidion Parviporum
Authors: Wang Kai , Ren Wenzi , Hong Liang , Wang Qingao , Ghimire Rajendra , Haapanen Matti , Kivimäenpää Minna , Wu Pengfei , Ma Xiangqing , Asiegbu Fred O. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNorway spruce is an important coniferous species in boreal forests. Root and stem rot diseases caused by the necrotrophic pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum threaten the wood production of Norway spruce which necessitates the search for durable control and management strategies. Breeding for resistant traits is considered a viable long‐term strategy. However, identification of potential resistant traits and markers remains a major challenge. In this study, short‐term disease resistance screening was conducted using 218 Norway spruce clones from 17 families. Disease resistance was evaluated based on the size of necrosis lesion length following infection with the pathogen. A subset of needles/branches from clones with small (partial resistant) or large (susceptible) lesions were used for terpene analysis and transcriptomic profiling. The results revealed that the content of monoterpene linalool and 1,8‐cineole and their respective encoded genes were significantly more abundant and highly expressed in the partial resistant group. Furthermore, linalool and 1,8‐cineole were demonstrated to have inhibitory effect on the growth of the pathogen H. parviporum, with morphological distortion of the hyphae. RNAseq analysis revealed that transcript of pathogen genes involved in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and stress responses were significantly decreased in presence of the terpenes. The results suggest the relevance of monoterpenes together with jasmonic acid precursor and some genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, as constitutive tolerance factors for Norway spruce tolerance against necrotrophic pathogen. The high level of necrosis related cell death gene expression might be factors critical for host susceptibility and disease development.
Dynamics of Xylella fastidiosa and plum leaf scald: Insights from a long‐term study in Brazilian orchards
Authors: Ferreira Gabriel M. , Kleina Heloisa T. , Blood Renato Y. , Ribeiro Junior Paulo J. , May‐De‐Mio Louise L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractXylella fastidiosa is one of the most dangerous plant‐pathogenic bacteria globally, affecting various host species. Plum leaf scald (PLS) is the primary disease affecting plum trees in Brazil, with plant eradication efforts significantly increasing in recent years. This study aims to elucidate the disease dynamics and its vector in three monitored orchards from 2010 to 2015 and associate the pattern of pathogen dispersal with mechanical pruning. The incidence was lower in Porto Amazonas, starting at 0% and reaching 14% after 5 years. In contrast, the orchards in Araucaria and Palmeira showed an initial incidence around 5% in the first year, exceeding 80% by the end of the study. Sharpshooter leafhoppers, the vectors, were collected at ground and plant canopy level during the last 3 years. In 2013, more leafhoppers were found near the ground, but their numbers equalized across heights in the following years. Kernel smoothing revealed spatial dependence, and an autologistic model indicated an aggregated infection pattern with increased PLS risk for neighbouring plants. The border effect at the epidemic's onset was linked to pathogen entry via external vectors. The disease's progression along rows was attributed to effective mechanical pathogen transmission through pruning. Therefore, in regions with several summer prunings, it is recommended to sanitize pruning shears to prevent pathogen transmission. Constant monitoring and control of the vector are essential for effective disease management.
Beyond Competitiveness: Is Productivity Everything?
Authors: Antonakakis Nikolaos , Fisera Boris , Workie Tiruneh Menbere 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines and compares the predictive power of competitiveness, approximated by the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), and productivity for economic growth. Using a panel dataset of 62 countries over the period 2007–2019 and the local projections (LP) approach, we find that both higher productivity and higher GCI contribute to higher economic growth over the next 5 years. However, productivity has a stronger predictive power for economic growth than the GCI. We find evidence that this divergence between productivity and GCI could be explained by ‘productivity beyond competitiveness’: As economies develop and converge towards the world technological frontier, the GCI, unlike productivity, no longer captures the key determinants of economic growth. We then examine the determinants of ‘productivity beyond competitiveness’ that can help economies increase their productivity, and by extension growth, even as they approach the technological frontier. We find that higher financial development, institutional quality, as well as some cultural traits explain the divergence between productivity and competitiveness in advanced economies.
Surgical treatment of traumatic nasal avulsion in a brachycephalic dog
Authors: Saitoh Yuya , Darveshi Bettina R. M. , Owen Tina J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the successful treatment of traumatic nasal avulsion injury resulting in dynamic nasal stenosis and rostroventral deviation of the nasal cartilage.AnimalsA 6‐year‐old spayed female pug presented with traumatic nasal avulsion injuries.Study designCase report.MethodsThe initial surgical intervention involved facial reconstructive surgery to repair a maxillary lip avulsion. Following the diagnosis of stenosis in both common nasal meatuses resulting in respiratory distress a week after the initial surgery, balloon dilatation of the nasal passages and rhinoplasty were additionally performed. Ten weeks after the traumatic event, the diagnosis of dynamic nasal stenosis and rostroventral nasal cartilage deviation secondary to dorsal and lateral nasal ligament injuries was made. Balloon dilatation was repeated, along with nasal skin fold resection and realignment of the nasal passages. To stabilize nasal alignment, dorsal and lateral nasal ligaments were reconstructed to stabilize the alignment. Bilateral temporary endonasal stents were inserted into the nasal meatuses to maintain alignment and patency of the dilated passage during recovery.ResultsNo complications were observed after the final surgery. The stents were subsequently removed 4 weeks after placement. An 8‐month follow‐up examination following the final surgical procedure revealed improved and subjectively normal airflow through both nares. The dog died 2 years after the last surgery due to severe bronchitis. Until her death, the dog tolerated exercise well and maintained good breathing even at night without snoring during sleep.ConclusionThis case report describes the successful surgical treatment of traumatic nasal avulsion injury in a brachycephalic dog.
Realizability of tropical pluri‐canonical divisors
Authors: Röhrle Felix , Schwab Johannes 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConsider a pair consisting of an abstract tropical curve and an effective divisor from the linear system associated to times the canonical divisor for . In this article, we give a purely combinatorial criterion to determine if such a pair arises as the tropicalization of a pair consisting of a smooth algebraic curve over a non‐Archimedean field with algebraically closed residue field of characteristic 0 together with an effective pluri‐canonical divisor. To do so, we introduce tropical normalized covers as special instances of cyclic tropical Hurwitz covers and reduce the realizability problem for pluri‐canonical divisors to the realizability problem for normalized covers. Our main result generalizes the work of Möller–Ulirsch–Werner on realizability of tropical canonical divisors and incorporates the recent progress on compactifications of strata of ‐differentials in the work of Bainbridge–Chen–Gendron–Grushevsky–Möller.
Assessing the Effect of Coriolis Acceleration on the Coherent Structures in the Wake of a Wind Turbine Using Dynamic Mode Decomposition
Authors: Manganelli Felice , Bernardi Claudio , Leonardi Stefano , Cherubini Stefania , De Palma Pietro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present work aims to study the effect of veer, namely, the height-dependent lateral deflection of wind velocity due to Coriolis acceleration, on the coherent structures in the wake of the national renewable energy laboratory 5-MW reference wind turbine using the sparsity-promoting dynamic mode decomposition (SP-DMD) method for the detection of dynamically relevant flow structures. Large eddy simulation (LES) of the flow impacting the wind turbine is carried out by solving the filtered Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible flows. The effects of both tower and nacelle are included in the simulation using the immersed boundary method. Simulations are performed at Re≈108, generating the inlet velocity profile by a precursor simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) subjected to Coriolis acceleration. The analysis of the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) results allows to study the effects of the Coriolis acceleration on the most relevant dynamic modes in the turbine wake and to understand the basic mechanisms by which the wind veer significantly affects the wake recovery rate. Moreover, as a result of the SP-DMD methodology, the most relevant modes are extracted from the wake and a limited subset of relevant flow features that optimally approximates the original data sequence is identified. This small number of modes represent the kernel that can be employed for developing an accurate reduced order model of the wake.
Understanding the Impact of Data Center Liquid Cooling on Energy and Performance of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Workloads
Authors: Ramakrishnan Bharath , Turner Cam , Alissa Husam , Trieu Dennis , Rivera Felipe , Melton Luke , Rao Muralikrishna , Chigullapalli Sruti , Getachew Tatek , Prodanovic Vladimir , Lankston Robert , Belady Christian , Oruganti Vaidehi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Traditionally, data centers (DC) have used air cooling for IT equipment, but as graphics processing units (GPUs) evolve, they demand more power and sophisticated cooling. Aiming for efficiency, direct liquid cooling (DLC) emerges as a promising solution. We evaluated the effectiveness of DLC versus traditional air cooling on a Microsoft G50 GPU server performing artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) tasks. The results indicated that DLC greatly enhances GPU performance, increases efficiency by 2.7% in Gflops/s, cuts power usage by 12%, reduces execution times by up to 6.22%, and lowers chip temperatures by 20 °C compared to air cooling. Our research develops an overall performance metric that considers data center, hardware, and chip levels, concluding that DLC is extremely beneficial for AI workloads, increasing energy savings and balancing performance with power requirements.