bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
phytochemical investigations of Iraqi Abrus precatorius Linn. plant
Authors: S. Nassir Zahra'a , J. Khadem Enas 
Published: June 2018

The plant Abrus precatorius, which belong to Leguminosae (Fabaceae) family and known as Crab’s eyes, Rosary pea with characteristic red and black seeds. It was used in folk medicine in India, China and East Asian countries for treatment of various diseases.
The plant was extracted by '' general method of extraction'' (Harborne, 1973) using 80% aqueous ethanol as a solvent of extraction by soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening were performed on the crude ethanolic extract and revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids ,terpenoids and phytosterols in Iraqi Abrus precatorius plant. Three different fractions were obtained from crude extract which are fraction one (chloroform fraction), fraction two (ethyl acetate fraction), and fraction three (petroleum ether fraction) which are represent alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids respectively. The alkaloid abrine was isolated from the chloroform fraction in pure form by using preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and then subjected to different physico-chemical and specteral analytical techniques to identify its chemical structure: melting point (M.P.), thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) , fourier transforms infrared spectra (FT-IR) and elemental microanalysis (CHNO).
Effect of the sintering temperature on the coating of duplex stainless steel with Ni3Al
Authors: Çay Vedat Veli , Katı Nida , Ozan Sermin , Çetin Tayfun 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this study, duplex stainless steel was coated with Ni3Al powder via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and the effect of the sintering temperature on the coating characteristics was investigated. An SEM electron microscope with EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) was used to examine the microstructure of samples that were coated according to the SHS method and likewise to detect the element content of the phases in the structure. Microhardness tests were conducted on the samples to determine the mechanical properties of the coated material. As a result of these studies, it was found that duplex stainless steel can be reliably coated with an Ni3Al intermetallic compound. The increase in sintering temperature within the given range significantly decreased the size of the disconnected area which completely disappeared.
Metallurgical investigation of electron beam welded duplex stainless steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 with plasma nitrided weld edge surfaces
Authors: Krasnorutskyi Sergii , Kipp Christian , Hensel Jonas , Kaestner Peter , Hartwig Sven , Bräuer Günter , Dilger Klaus 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Duplex stainless steel is common in thick-walled components such as longitudinal welded pipes in the oil and gas industries and as parts of various machines in the chemical and food industries. Electron beam welding is a very suitable method for welding such components. Due to the high power density of the electron beam combined with the decreased evaporation temperature in a vacuum atmosphere, steel with a sheet thickness of up to 150 mm can be welded in one pass. In the case of the electron beam welding of duplex stainless steels, vacuum atmosphere in the working chamber causes a nitrogen effusion from the weld pool. The microstructure of the resulting weld is characterized by an unacceptable high ferrite content, which is the main reason for both low impact toughness and low pitting corrosion resistance. This work focuses on the influence of nitrided weld edge surfaces on metallurgical properties of the resulting welded joint. The aim here is to investigate the effect of increased nitrogen content at the weld edges on nitrogen loss during EB-welding. The welds produced within the experimental work were characterized by means of microstructural analysis and the use of optical and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was shown that nitrided weld edge surfaces can compensate nitrogen loss from the weld pool and decrease the ferrite content in the resulting weld.
Thermografische Rekonstruktion von internen Wärmequellen mittels virtueller Schallwellen
Authors: Burgholzer Peter , Mayr Günther , Gruber Jürgen , Stockner Gregor 
Published: June 2018

Kurzfassung
Die thermografische Rekonstruktion von Messsignalen einer Infrarot-Kamera hat große Vorteile gegenüber einer Ultraschall-Prüfung: Es wird kein Koppelmedium benötigt, und die Temperatur kann an vielen Pixeln der Kamera parallel gemessen werden. Der Hauptnachteil im Vergleich zu Ultraschall ist die sich stark verschlechternde Auflösung mit zunehmender Tiefe der abzubildenden Strukturen. In dieser Arbeit wird demonstriert, wie Ultraschall-Rekonstruktions-Methoden für die thermografische Rekonstruktion genutzt werden können. Vor der Ultraschall-Bildrekonstruktion wird aus dem gemessenen zeitlichen Temperaturverlauf jedes Kamera-Pixels eine virtuelle Schallwelle berechnet. Wie hier gezeigt, ist diese virtuelle Welle die inverse eindimensionale Rekonstruktion an der Position dieses Pixels. Diese lokale Transformation beinhaltet die gesamte Irreversibilität des Diffusionsprozesses und kann für beliebige zwei- und dreidimensionale Probenformen verwendet werden. Es werden zweidimensionale Rekonstruktionen aus numerischen Simulationen und experimentelle Ergebnisse gezeigt, bei denen parallele Stahlstäbe in einer Epoxidharz-Matrix eingebettet sind und durch Induktion von Wirbelströmen pulsförmig erhitzt werden.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Mobile Learning Tuntunan Shalat
Authors: Hendrawan Jodi 
Published: June 2018

The development of information technology is currently growing rapidly and widely used in meeting human needs. However, the present presentation of information is still experiencing many obstacles in its less effective and inefficient presentation, such as information on worship, wudhu and adzan especially for Muslims which still must be obtained from religious figures, print media, magazines and books which is less effective and inefficient because it must provide a special time, a certain place and spend the cost to get the information. These problems can be overcome by utilizing the development of information technology that is the learning media on ​​Andoid mobile devices. The design of the application can use object oriented design tools with Unified Modeling Language modeling which is dominated by objects and denoted in specific symbols. With the application of mobile learning on mobile devices, the presentation of information about prayer, wudhu and adzan for Muslims becomes more effective, accessible anywhere, anytime, and the delivery of information becomes more interactive.
Keywords :Android, Learning, UML, Shalat
Presensi Online Menggunakan RFID pada Kartu Mahasiswa
Authors: Nasution Salhazan 
Published: June 2018

Information technology is no longer a complement, but a necessity in the academic world especially University. The presence of students in lectures is one important component in the learning process. The more students attend the class, the more students understand the lesson. In addition, the number of student attendance can also be a consideration for the lecturer in evaluating and taking action against the student. The current student attendance record is mostly still done manually by signing on a paper. The increasing number of students from year to year in University requires a system that can manage a large number of students data and the speed in obtaining access to information requires the university to build a system that can assist in the administration process in University. Online Presence System is a solution to overcome this, with this system then the recording of student presences can be done by scanning the RFID contained in the student card, no longer done manually using paperless. This will assist lecturers and administrative staff in managing the recapitulation of student attendance and can be a consideration for lecturers in evaluating and taking action against the students concerned. In addition, this system will become a computerized data warehouse that stores the archives of student data in large numbers.
Keyword : Online Presence System, RFID, Presentation, Attendance, Lecture
Sistem Pakar untuk Mengidentifikasi Kepribadian Siswa Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor dalam Mendukung Pendekatan Guru
Authors: Putri Nadya Andhika 
Published: June 2018

Not a few teachers who do not understand the personality of students, in the process of teaching some teachers who do not understand the personality of students then the teacher will be difficult to deliver learning materials that will attract students who impact the knowledge transfer process becomes inhibited. From the problems that have been described previously it is necessary an expert system that can replace an expert in the field of psychology to identify the students personality. Expert System in this study using Certainty Factor method in representing the knowledge gained. The application design from Expert System itself is designed with web based, because with web based applications can help the process of dissemination of information and knowledge with a wider area of ​​distribution.
Keywords: Expert System, Certainty Factor, Personality
IX Congresso Sindem: Italian Association for the study of Dementia linked to the Italian Neurological Society (SIN)
Authors: Bonavita Vincenzo , Padovani Alessandro , Bruni Amalia , Pantoni Leonardo , Caltagirone Carlo , Parnetti Lucilla , Clerici Francesca , Perani Daniela , Di Luca Monica , Sorbi Sandro , Forloni Gianluigi , Tagliavini Francesco , Frisoni Giovanni , Tempini Marilu Gorno , Mariani Claudio , Venneri Annalena , Musicco Massimo 
Published: June 2018

Abstracts of the IX Congresso Sindem Italian Association for the study of Dementia linked to the Italian Neurological Society (SIN) Firenze, Palazzo dei Congressi, Villa Vittoria March 13–15, 2014 Comitato Scientifico: Vincenzo Bonavita, Alessandro Padovani, Amalia Bruni, Leonardo Pantoni, Carlo Caltagirone, Lucilla Parnetti, Francesca Clerici, Daniela Perani, Monica Di Luca, Sandro Sorbi, Gianluigi Forloni, Francesco Tagliavini, Giovanni Frisoni, Marilu Gorno Tempini, Claudio Mariani, Annalena Venneri, Massimo Musicco
Quantum logic gates
Authors: Gorbatsevich A A , Shubin N M 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We discuss the strategies to construct logic gates based on solid-state and molecular structures in which information transformation processes are governed by quantum mechanical principles and which, similarly to the classical complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) structures, do not consume power in the stationary state. In the first-generation quantum analogs of CMOS gates, logical state switching occurs by fast quantum mechanical tunneling processes, but the transfer characteristics are determined by classical diffusion–drift carrier transport. The second-generation quantum analogs of CMOS systems are open quantum systems in which charge carrier transport occurs coherently. The development of atomic-precision lithography will allow wide use of quantum molecular logic gates in traditional computer architectures.
Statistical Investigation of Supersonic Downflows in the Transition Region above Sunspots
Authors: Samanta Tanmoy , Tian Hui , Choudhary Debi Prasad 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Downflows at supersonic speeds have been observed in the transition region (TR) above sunspots for more than three decades. These downflows are often seen in different TR spectral lines above sunspots. We have performed a statistical investigation of these downflows using a large sample that was missing previously. The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) has provided a wealth of observational data of sunspots at high spatial and spectral resolutions in the past few years. We have identified 60 data sets obtained with IRIS raster scans. Using an automated code, we identified the locations of strong downflows within these sunspots. We found that around 80% of our sample shows supersonic downflows in the Si iv 1403 Å line. These downflows mostly appear in the penumbral regions, though some of them are found in the umbrae. We also found that almost half of these downflows show signatures in chromospheric lines. Furthermore, a detailed spectral analysis was performed by selecting a small spectral window containing the O iv 1400/1401 Å and Si iv 1403 Å lines. Six Gaussian functions were simultaneously fitted to these three spectral lines and their satellite lines associated with the supersonic downflows. We calculated the intensity, Doppler velocity, and line width for these lines. Using the O iv 1400/1401 Å line ratio, we find that the downflow components are around one order of magnitude less dense than the regular components. Results from our statistical analysis suggest that these downflows may originate from the corona and that they are independent of the background TR plasma.
Chandra Survey of Nearby Galaxies: Testing the Accretion Model for Low-luminosity AGNs
Authors: She Rui , Ho Luis C. , Feng Hua , Cui Can 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
From a Chandra sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in nearby galaxies, we find that for low-luminosity AGNs, either the intrinsic absorption column density, or the fraction of absorbed AGNs, positively scales with the Eddington ratio for L
bol/L
Edd ≲ 10−2. Such a behavior, along with the softness of the X-ray spectrum at low luminosities, is in good agreement with the picture that they are powered by hot accretion flows surrounding supermassive black holes. Numerical simulations find that outflows are inevitable with hot accretion flows, and the outflow rate is correlated with the innermost accretion rate in the low-luminosity regime. This agrees well with our results, suggesting that the X-ray absorption originates from, or is associated with, the outflow material. Gas and dust on larger scales may also produce the observed correlation. Future correlation analyses may help differentiate the two scenarios.
Multiple Stellar Flybys Sculpting the Circumstellar Architecture in RW Aurigae
Authors: Rodriguez Joseph E. , Loomis Ryan , Cabrit Sylvie , Haworth Thomas J. , Facchini Stefano , Dougados Catherine , Booth Richard A. , Jensen Eric L. N. , Clarke Cathie J. , Stassun Keivan G. , Dent William R. F. , Pety Jérôme 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present high-resolution ALMA Band 6 and 7 observations of the tidally disrupted protoplanetary disks of the RW Aurigae binary. Our observations reveal tidal streams in addition to the previously observed tidal arm around RW Aur A. The observed configuration of tidal streams surrounding RW Aur A and B is incompatible with a single star–disk tidal encounter, suggesting that the RW Aurigae system has undergone multiple flyby interactions. We also resolve the circumstellar disks around RW Aur A and B, with CO radii of 58 au and 38 au consistent with tidal truncation, and 2.5 times smaller dust emission radii. The disks appear misaligned by 12° or 57°. Using new photometric observations from the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) and the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) archives, we have also identified an additional dimming event of the primary that began in late 2017 and is currently ongoing. With over a century of photometric observations, we are beginning to explore the same spatial scales as ALMA.
High-resolution He i 10830 Å Narrowband Imaging for an M-class Flare. II. Multiple Hot Channels: Their Origin and Destination
Authors: Wang Ya , Su Yingna , Shen Jinhua , Yang Xu , Cao Wenda , Ji Haisheng 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we report our second-part result for the M1.8 class flare on 2012 July 5, with an emphasis on the initiation process for the flare-associated filament eruption. The data set consists of high-resolution narrowband images in He i 10830 Å and broadband images in TiO 7057 Å taken at Big Bear Solar Observatory with the 1.6 m aperture Goode Solar Telescope. EUV images in different passbands observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory are used to distinguish hot plasma from cool plasma structures during the flare process. High-resolution 10830 Å images clearly show that, below the horizontal fibrils, which correspond to the filament’s spine in full-disk Hα images, a sheared arch filament system (AFS) lies across the penumbra and surrounding satellite sunspots, between which continuous shearing motion is observed. Before the eruption, three microflares occurred successively and were followed by the appearance of three EUV hot channels. Two hot channels erupted, producing two flaring sites and two major peaks in GOES soft X-ray light curves; however, one hot channel’s eruption failed. The 10830 Å imaging enables us to trace the first two hot channels to their very early stage, which is signified by the rising of the AFS after the first two precursors. Continuous flux emergence and localized flare-associated cancellation are observed under the AFS. In addition, EUV ejections were observed during the formation of the EUV hot channels. These observations support the fact that the hot channels are the result of magnetic reconnections during precursors.
The Statistical Properties of Solar Wind Temperature Parameters Near 1 au
Authors: Wilson III Lynn B. , Stevens Michael L. , Kasper Justin C. , Klein Kristopher G. , Maruca Bennett A. , Bale Stuart D. , Bowen Trevor A. , Pulupa Marc P. , Salem Chadi S. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present a long-duration (∼10 yr) statistical analysis of the temperatures, plasma betas, and temperature ratios for the electron, proton, and alpha-particle populations observed by the Wind spacecraft near 1 au. The mean(median) scalar temperatures are T

e,tot = 12.2(11.9) eV, T

p,tot = 12.7(8.6) eV, and T

α,tot = 23.9(10.8) eV. The mean(median) total plasma betas are β

e,tot = 2.31(1.09), β

p,tot = 1.79(1.05), and β

α,tot = 0.17(0.05). The mean(median) temperature ratios are (T

e
/T

p
)tot = 1.64(1.27), (T

e
/T

α
)tot = 1.24(0.82), and (T

α
/T

p
)tot = 2.50(1.94). We also examined these parameters during time intervals that exclude interplanetary (IP) shocks, times within the magnetic obstacles (MOs) of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), and times that exclude MOs. The only times that show significant alterations to any of the parameters examined are those during MOs. In fact, the only parameter that does not show a significant change during MOs is the electron temperature. Although each parameter shows a broad range of values, the vast majority are near the median. We also compute particle–particle collision rates and compare to effective wave–particle collision rates. We find that, for reasonable assumptions of wave amplitude and occurrence rates, the effect of wave–particle interactions on the plasma is equal to or greater than the effect of Coulomb collisions. Thus, wave–particle interactions should not be neglected when modeling the solar wind.
Probing Signatures of a Distant Planet around the Young T-Tauri Star CI Tau Hosting a Possible Hot Jupiter
Authors: Konishi Mihoko , Hashimoto Jun , Hori Yasunori 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We search for signatures of a distant planet around the two million-year-old classical T-Tauri star CI Tau hosting a hot-Jupiter candidate (

) in an eccentric orbit (e ∼ 0.3). To probe the existence of an outer perturber, we reanalyzed 1.3 mm dust continuum observations of the protoplanetary disk around CI Tau obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We found a gap structure at ∼0.″8 in CI Tau’s disk. Our visibility fitting assuming an axisymmetric surface brightness profile suggested that the gap is located at a deprojected radius of 104.5 ± 1.6 au and has a width of 36.9 ± 2.9 au. The brightness temperature around the gap was calculated to be ∼2.3 K lower than that of the ambient disk. Gap-opening mechanisms such as secular gravitational instability (GI) and dust trapping can explain the gap morphology in the CI Tau disk. The scenario that an unseen planet created the observed gap structure cannot be ruled out, although the coexistence of an eccentric hot Jupiter and a distant planet around the young CI Tau would be challenging for gravitational scattering scenarios. The mass of the planet was estimated to be between ∼0.25 M
Jupiter and ∼0.8 M
Jupiter from the gap width and depth (

) in the modeled surface brightness image, which is lower than the current detection limits of high-contrast direct imaging. The young classical T-Tauri CI Tau may be a unique system for exploring the existence of a potential distant planet as well as the origin of an eccentric hot Jupiter.
Development and Evaluation of an Epidural Analgesia Workshop for Senior Nursing Students
Authors: Luctkar-Flude Marian , Wilson Rosemary A. , Sears Kim , Pulling Cheryl , Hopkins-Rosseel Diana , Jaeger Melanie 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Most prelicensure nursing students receive little to no training in providing care for patients who receive epidural analgesia, despite exposure in clinical settings and the potential for devastating adverse effects. To develop and pilot an epidural workshop for senior nursing students using standardized patients (SPs), and to evaluate feasibility and learner outcomes.

Method:
A 4-hour epidural workshop consisted of a large group lecture and demonstration, small-group practice scenarios, and individual learner evaluation with SPs. Learning outcomes were evaluated using a performance checklist and critical thinking rubric, and pre- and posttests.

Results:
Participants scored well on the performance-based evaluation (mean score of 86% items performed correctly) and rated the workshop highly. However, learners and instructors made several recommendations for improving the learning module for future sessions.

Conclusion:

This pilot project demonstrated that an epidural analgesia workshop using SPs is feasible and results in positive learning outcomes and high satisfaction with senior nursing students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(6):359–365.]