bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Output feedback control of supercapacitors parallel charging system for EV applications: Theoretical design and experimental validation
Authors: Belhaj F.Z. , El Fadil H. , Rachid A. , Lassioui A. , Gaouzi K. , Giri F. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of controlling parallel charging system with supercapacitors for electric vehicle applications is considered. When the vehicle parks at the station, the charging process of supercapacitors needs to be completed in less than 30 seconds. The control objective is then to tightly regulate the supercapacitors state of charge (SOC) to a given reference constant and to ensure an adequate current sharing between different parallel chargers. Indeed, the current sharing is a critical issue for parallel charging system with supercapacitors, which is a nonlinear system with control inputs constraints. Besides, the SOC depends on the supercapacitors internal voltage, which is not accessible for measurement. Therefore, based on a large‐signal model of the parallel‐chargers‐supercapacitors system, an output feedback controller (combining a state observer and a nonlinear control laws) is designed. The controller is formally shown to meet all objectives, namely, closed‐loop stability, SOC reference tracking, and equal current sharing. The effectiveness of the proposed output feedback controller approach is verified both by simulation and by experimental tests.
Transparent Soft Robots for Effective Camouflage
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Wang Yuzhe , Gupta Ujjaval , Liu Jun , Zhang Lei , Du Donghe , Foo Choon Chiang , Ouyang Jianyong , Zhu Jian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTransparency is a surprisingly effective method to achieve camouflage and has been widely adapted by natural animals. However, it is challenging to replicate in synthetic systems. Herein, a transparent soft robot is developed, which can achieve effective camouflage. Specifically, this robot is driven by transparent dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Transparent and stretchable conductive polymers, based on blends of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and water‐borne polyurethane (WPU), are employed as compliant solid‐state electrodes in the DEAs. The electrode exhibits large stretchability, low stiffness, excellent conductivity at large strain, and high transmittance. Consequently, the DEA can achieve a large voltage‐induced area strain of 200% and a high transmittance of 85.5%. Driven by these soft actuators, the robot can realize translations using its asymmetric vibration mode, which can be explained by dynamics analysis and is consistent with finite element modeling. This soft robot can achieve effective camouflage, due to its high transparency as well as thin structure. Furthermore, the robot can become completely flat for even better camouflage by converting its 3D structure to 2D. The transparent soft robot is potentially useful in many applications such as robots for battlefield, reconnaissance, and security surveillance, where effective camouflage is required in dynamic and/or unstructured environments.
Progress Report on Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Lei Libin , Zhang Jihao , Yuan Zhihao , Liu Jianping , Ni Meng , Chen Fanglin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe proton‐conducting solid oxide electrolysis cell (H‐SOEC) is a promising device that converts electrical energy to chemical energy. H‐SOECs have been actively studied in the past few years, due to their advantages over oxygen‐ion‐conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells (O‐SOECs), such as lower operation temperature, relatively lower activation energy, and easier gas separation. A critical overview of recent progress in H‐SOECs is presented, focusing particularly on the period from 2014 to 2018. This review focuses on three aspects of H‐SOECs, namely, the materials, modeling, and current leakage in proton conducting oxide electrolytes. Specifically, the current leakage in proton conducting oxides, which is often neglected, leads to two problems in the studies of H‐SOECs. One is the distortion of the electrochemical impedance spectra and the other is low faradaic efficiency of electrolysis. Based on the comprehensive and critical discussion in these three sections, challenges in the development of H‐SOECs are highlighted and prospective research in H‐SOECs is outlined.
Mixed‐Valence‐Driven Quasi‐1D SnIISnIVS3 with Highly Polarization‐Sensitive UV–vis–NIR Photoresponse
Authors: Yang Huai , Pan Longfei , Wang Xiaoting , Deng Hui‐Xiong , Zhong Mianzeng , Zhou Ziqi , Lou Zheng , Shen Guozhen , Wei Zhongming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMixed‐valence states can bring unexpected unique phenomena, especially novel anisotropic physics, due to structural asymmetry, which originate from the discrepant distribution of atoms with different valence. This study reports an unexploited mixed‐valence‐driven quasi‐1D SnIISnIVS3 crystal, which exhibits widely and distinctively anisotropic polarized‐light absorption reaching ≈3.4 from the deep ultraviolet to near‐infrared region (250–850 nm). The fabricated polarization‐sensitive photodetectors based on highly air‐stable SnIISnIVS3 nanowires display strong linear dichroism among the UV–vis–NIR spectrum with responsivity exceeding ≈150 A W−1. Furthermore, the devices are further constructed onto a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and the photoresponse remains roughly unchanged after repeated bending. This work based on novel mixed‐valence‐driven quasi‐1D ternary sulfide SnIISnIVS3 excites interest in low‐symmetry semiconductors for developing broadly spectral polarization‐sensitive photodetectors with environmental stability and mechanical flexibility.
Monitoring of Cell Layer Integrity with a Current‐Driven Organic Electrochemical Transistor
Authors: Lingstedt Leona V. , Ghittorelli Matteo , Brückner Maximilian , Reinholz Jonas , Crăciun N. Irina , Torricelli Fabrizio , Mailänder Volker , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , Blom Paul W. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe integrity of CaCo‐2 cell barriers is investigated by organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) in a current‐driven configuration. Ion transport through cellular barriers via the paracellular pathway is modulated by tight junctions between adjacent cells. Rupturing its integrity by H2O2 is monitored by the change of the output voltage in the transfer characteristics. It is demonstrated that by operating the OECT in a current‐driven configuration, the sensitive and temporal resolution for monitoring the cell barrier integrity is strongly enhanced as compared to the OECT transient response measurement. As a result, current‐driven OECTs are useful tools to assess dynamic and critical changes in tight junctions, relevant for clinical applications as drug targeting and screening.
A Thermodynamic Description of Turbulence as a Source of Stochastic Kinetic Energy for 3D Self‐Assembly
Authors: Löthman Per A. , Hageman Tijmen A. G. , Elwenspoek Miko C. , Krijnen Gijs J. M. , Mastrangeli Massimo , Manz Andreas , Abelmann Leon 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe extent to which one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3D self‐assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles is investigated. It is confirmed that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in this system obeys the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, it is discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self‐assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
Paclitaxel and Itraconazole Co‐Encapsulated Micelle Prolongs the Survival of Spontaneous LSL‐KrasG12D/+, LSL‐Trp53R172H/+, Pdx‐1‐Cre Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Liu Zhengsheng , Zhang Ling , Tian Zhou , Kong Chao , Liu Chun , Liu Huiqin , Yuan Fang , Kong Weijian , Qian Feng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant gastrointestinal cancers with an extremely complex tumor microenvironment and a poor prognosis. The upregulation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway contributes to the abundance of stroma and barren blood vessels in the PDAC tumor microenvironment, creating a physical and biological barrier leading to strong inherent resistance to drugs. Therefore, inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway combined with chemotherapy has been explored in anti‐PDAC chemotherapy. In this study, the paclitaxel (PTX) and itraconazole (ITA) co‐encapsulated poly (ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly (d, l‐lactide) (PEG‐PLA) micelle (PIM) shows superior therapeutic outcome in PDAC. Pharmaceutically, PIM demonstrates optimized systemic pharmacokinetics and increases tumor drug accumulation due to its serum stability. Pharmacologically, through Hh inhibition and blood vessel normalization contributed by ITA and cytotoxicity contributed by PTX, PIM not only significantly inhibits the tumor growth of the human MIA PaCa‐2 cell‐derived orthotopic pancreatic cancer model but also significantly prolongs the survival of LSL‐KrasG12D/+; LSL‐Trp53R172H/+; Pdx‐1‐Cre (KPC) genetic engineered, spontaneous PDAC mice, a clinically relevant PDAC model with high similarity as human PDAC in terms of cancer histology and biology.
Fetal arthrogryposis: Challenges and perspectives for prenatal detection and management
Authors: Filges Isabel , Tercanli Sevgi , Hall Judith G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAntenatal identification of fetuses with multiple congenital contractures or arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) may be challenging. The first clinical sign is often reduced fetal movement and/or contractures, as seen on prenatal ultrasounds. This can be apparent at any point, from early to late pregnancy, may range from mild to severe involvement, with or without associated other structural anomalies. Possible etiologies and their prognosis need to be interpreted with respect to developmental timing. The etiology of AMC is highly heterogeneous and making the specific diagnosis will guide prognosis, counseling and prenatal and perinatal management. Current ultrasound practice identifies only approximately 25% of individuals with arthrogryposis prenatally before 24 weeks of pregnancy in a general obstetrics care population. There are currently no studies and guidelines that address the question of when and how to assess for fetal contractures and movements during pregnancy. The failure to identify fetuses with arthrogryposis before 24 weeks of pregnancy means that physicians and families are denied reproductive options and interventions that may improve outcome. We review current practice and recommend adjusting the current prenatal imaging and genetic diagnostic strategies to achieve early prenatal detection and etiologic diagnosis. We suggest exploring options for in utero therapy to increase fetal movement for ongoing pregnancies.
Gold‐Catalyzed Facile Protocol towards the Efficient Access of Azetidinyl Esters, β‐Amino Esters and δ‐Amino Esters using Simple Substrates
Authors: Kabi Arup K. , Gujjarappa Raghuram , Vodnala Nagaraju , Kaldhi Dhananjaya , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWithdrawal: Malakar, C., Kabi, A., Gujjarappa, R., Vodnala, N. and Kaldhi, D. (2019), Gold‐Catalyzed Facile Protocol towards the Efficient Access of Azetidinyl Esters, β‐Amino Esters and δ‐Amino Esters using Simple Substrates, Asian J. Org. Chem., Accepted Article, Manuscript DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900319. The above article, first published online on 18 July 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been withdrawn by agreement between the authors, the journal′s Editor‐in‐Chief, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH & Co. KGaA. The withdrawal has been agreed due to concerns regarding the reported data, following a request by the authors.
Pivalic Acid‐Assisted Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization of 2‐Arylpyridine Derivatives Using Arylsilanes
Authors: Ghaderi Arash , Iwasaki Takanori , Kambe Nobuaki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report herein a Rh(III)‐catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction of 2‐phenylpyridine derivatives with arylsilane reagents. In this reaction, AgF plays important roles as both oxidant and C−Si bond activator. Addition of the catalytic amount of pivalic acid was found to be the key to achieve high yields of the desired products in short reaction times.
Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in primates
Authors: McGrosky Amanda , Meloro Carlo , Navarrete Ana , Heldstab Sandra A. , Kitchener Andrew C. , Isler Karin , Clauss Marcus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough it is generally assumed that among mammals and within mammal groups, those species that rely on diets consisting of greater amounts of plant fiber have larger gastrointestinal tracts (GIT), statistical evidence for this simple claim is largely lacking. We compiled a dataset on the length of the small intestine, caecum, and colon in 42 strepsirrhine, platyrrhine, and catarrhine primate species, using specimens with known body mass (BM). We tested the scaling of intestine length with BM, and whether dietary proxies (percentage of leaves and a diet quality index) were significant covariates in these scaling relationships, using two sets of models: one that did not account for the phylogenetic structure of the data, and one that did. Intestine length mainly scaled geometrically at exponents that included 0.33 in the confidence interval; Strepsirrhini exhibited particularly long caeca, while those of Catarrhini were comparatively short. Diet proxies were only significant for the colon and the total large intestine (but not for the small intestine or the caecum), and only in conventional statistics (but not when accounting for phylogeny), indicating the pattern occurred across but not within clades. Compared to terrestrial Carnivora, primates have similar small intestine lengths, but longer large intestines. The data on intestine lengths presented here corroborate recent results on GIT complexity, suggesting that diet, as currently described, does not exhaustively explain GIT anatomy within primate clades.
Low‐Coordinate Iridium Oxide Confined on Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Cui Peixin , Zhao Guoqiang , Rui Kun , Lao Mengmeng , Chen Yaping , Zheng Xusheng , Jiang Yinzhu , Pan Hongge , Dou Shi Xue , Sun Wenping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHighly active and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is greatly desired. Iridium oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (IrO2/GCN) heterostructures are designed with low‐coordinate IrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) confined on superhydrophilic highly stable GCN nanosheets for efficient acidic OER. The GCN nanosheets not only ensure the homogeneous distribution and confinement of IrO2 NPs but also endows the heterostructured catalyst system with a superhydrophilic surface, which can maximize the exposure of active sites and promotes mass diffusion. The coordination number of Ir atoms is decreased owing to the strong interaction between IrO2 and GCN, leading to lattice strain and increment of electron density around Ir sites and hence modulating the attachment between the catalyst and reaction intermediates. The optimized IrO2/GCN heterostructure delivers not only by far the highest mass activity among the reported IrO2‐based catalysts but also decent durability.
Oxidation‐Mediated Kinetic Strategies for Engineering Metal–Phenolic Networks
Authors: Zhong Qi‐Zhi , Li Shiyao , Chen Jingqu , Xie Ke , Pan Shuaijun , Richardson Joseph J. , Caruso Frank 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe tunable growth of metal–organic materials has implications for engineering particles and surfaces for diverse applications. Specifically, controlling the self‐assembly of metal–phenolic networks (MPNs), an emerging class of metal–organic materials, is challenging, as previous studies suggest that growth often terminates through kinetic trapping. Herein, kinetic strategies were used to temporally and spatially control MPN growth by promoting self‐correction of the coordinating building blocks through oxidation‐mediated MPN assembly. The formation and growth mechanisms were investigated and used to engineer films with microporous structures and continuous gradients. Moreover, reactive oxygen species generated by ultrasonication expedite oxidation and result in faster (ca. 30 times) film growth than that achieved by other MPN assembly methods. This study expands our understanding of metal–phenolic chemistry towards engineering metal–phenolic materials for various applications.
An Unprecedented Knot‐like G‐Quadruplex Peripheral Motif
Authors: Truong Thi Hong Anh , Winnerdy Fernaldo Richtia , Phan Anh Tuân 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA knot‐like G‐quadruplex peripheral structure is formed by a 7‐nt DNA sequence DL7 (TGTTGGT), in which six out of its seven nucleobases participate in compact base‐pairing interactions. Here, the solution NMR structure of a 24‐nt DNA oligonucleotide containing the DL7 sequence shows the interaction between a two‐layer anti‐parallel G‐quadruplex core and the peripheral knot‐like structure, including the construction of two sharp turns in the DNA backbone. The formation of this novel structural element highlights the intricate properties of single‐stranded DNA folding in presence of G‐quadruplex‐forming motifs. We demonstrated the compatibility of the DL7 knot‐like structure with various G‐quadruplexes, which could have implications in drug design and DNA engineering.
Sustainable polylysine conversion to nitrogen‐containing porous carbon flakes: Potential application in supercapacitors
Authors: Min Jiakang , Xu Xiaodong , Li Jiaxin , Ma Changde , Gong Jiang , Wen Xin , Chen Xuecheng , Azadmanjiri Jalal , Tang Tao 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe derived lysine from biomass fermentation is a naturally abundant renewable resource. However, the small molecular size of lysine limits its processing and application. On the other side, carbonization of polylysine into high‐valued carbon materials is one of convenient options to apply for energy storage devices. Herein, we prepare polylysine@silica hybrid nanostructure through thermal polymerization of lysine and biosilicification of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Subsequently, nitrogen‐containing porous carbon flakes (NPCF) are synthesized upon carbonization. Interestingly, the synthesized NPCF presents hierarchical porous framework structure with interconnected micro‐meso‐macro pores. Consequently, the NPCF delivers an excellent supercapacitor performance. For instance, our characterizations display specific capacitance up to 242 F/g at 1 mV/s and 186 F/g at 1 A/g, and could keep 96.3% initial capacity after 10,000 cycles at 10 A/g. These achievements are because of hierarchical porosity, proper nitrogen content, and accessible surface area of nanostructured NPCF. Therefore, our work creates a novel and sustainable route for fabricating NPCF with promising applications in the supercapacitors. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48214.
Combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and nonlinear methods to analyze the copolymerization of phosphonic acid derivatives
Authors: Heinze Marcus , Starke Sandra , Händler Marcel , Komber Hartmut , Drache Marco , Moszner Norbert , Voit Brigitte , Pospiech Doris 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate in this study that the combination of modern inline monitoring methods [here: inline nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)] with simulations gains more exact and profound kinetic results than previously used methods like linearization without that combination. The 1H‐NMR spectroscopic data (more than 100 data points) are used to construct the copolymerization diagram. The reactivity ratios are obtained applying the van Herks nonlinear least square method. The examination of the radical copolymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with (2‐{[2‐(ethoxycarbonyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐yl]oxy}ethyl) phosphonic acid (ECPPA) as important adhesive monomer used in dentistry yields reactivity ratios of rHEMA = 1.83; rECPPA = 0.42. The copolymerization diagram reflects nonideal, non‐azeotropic copolymerization. The sequence distribution of the obtained by Monte Carlo simulation indicates the generation of statistical copolymers. As an important finding, it is demonstrated that the repeating units responsible for etching and adhesion are arranged over the whole polymer chain, which is necessary to achieve proper functionality. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48256.
Influence of graphene‐based compounds on the mechanical toughness and thermal stability of polypropylene
Authors: Castillo Juan , Lozano Tomas , Garcia Ricardo , Morales‐Zamudio Luisiana , López‐Barroso Juventino , Lafleur Pierre G. , Karami Shahir , Sanchez‐Valdes Saul , Martinez‐Colunga Guillermo , Rodriguez Francisco , Perez‐Berumen Catalina , Flores Sergio , García Antonio 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA study of the improvement of the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites prepared with polypropylene (PP) and different graphene samples [graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (RGO), and commercial graphene (G)] is presented. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization were applied to the graphene samples. The nanocomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, XRD, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile, and impact resistance tests. PP/RGO nanocomposites showed significant improvement in mechanical and thermal properties. Sample PP/RGO‐0.75 resulted in an increment in Young's modulus (51%), tensile strength (24%), and elongation at break (15%). This is attributed to a good dispersion state, a higher crystallinity percentage, and a good interfacial adhesion between PP and RGO. Sample PP/RGO‐0.50 exhibited an increase of 197 °C in the temperature at which a loss in weight of 5% occurred, compared to that for pure PP. The height of stacked layers calculated by XRD measurements was similar to the value observed by TEM. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48258.