bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal and interspecific landscape use of sympatric greater prairie‐chickens and plains sharp‐tailed grouse
Authors: Hiller Tim L. , McFadden Jamie E. , Powell Larkin A. , Schacht Walter H. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNative grasslands throughout the Great Plains, USA, have undergone varying levels of fragmentation. The prairie ecosystems of Nebraska, USA, provide habitat for culturally and economically important galliforms, including greater prairie‐chicken (GRPC; Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) and plains sharp‐tailed grouse (STGR; Tympanuchus phasianellus jamesi). The Sandhills region in north‐central Nebraska remains largely intact as grasslands, but cropland development at the margins has provided potential for alternative winter forage sites. Our objectives were to describe intraspecific seasonal shifts and interspecific differences in landscape use of these 2 species of prairie grouse in the Sandhills. We captured and radiomarked 87 birds (68 STGR, 19 GRPC) during 2015–2016 and used aerial telemetry to collect location data on birds. We used presence‐only location data and ecological and anthropogenic variables (e.g., land‐cover types, topography, vegetation productivity, and roads) in a maximum entropy (using MaxEnt software) approach to construct and compare seasonal species distribution models. During the breeding season, GRPC distribution probabilities were greater in areas more distant from center‐pivot irrigation locations, proximate to wet meadows, and at moderate distances from crop fields, whereas during the nonbreeding season, distributions were positively influenced by conifer and mixed‐grass (generally areas on peripheries of wetlands or meadows) land‐cover types. For STGR during both seasons, distribution probabilities were greatest in areas more distant from wet meadows, whereas during the nonbreeding season the probabilities were also greater in areas more distant from sandy ecological sites. Using an ecological‐niche‐similarity approach to examine interspecific use of the landscape, we found evidence that landscape use on our study area differed between species during the breeding season, but not during the nonbreeding season. Our results provide support for coordinated, landscape‐level management of galliforms, which can now be extended to seasonal priorities during management decisions on publicly and privately managed lands. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Significance of Leaders for Sustained Use of Evidence-Based Practices: A Qualitative Focus-Group Study with Mental Health Practitioners
Authors: Egeland Karina M. , Hauge Mona-Iren , Ruud Torleif , Ogden Terje , Heiervang Kristin Sverdvik 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEvidence-based practices that are implemented in mental health services are often challenging to sustain. In this focus-group study, 26 mental health practitioners with high fidelity scores were interviewed regarding their experiences with implementing the illness management and recovery, an evidence-based practice for people with severe mental disorders, in their services and how this could influence further use. Findings indicate that high fidelity is not equivalent to successful implementation. Rather, to sustain the practice in services, the practitioners emphasized the importance of their leaders being positive and engaged in the intervention, and hold clear goals and visions for the intervention in the clinic. In addition, the practitioners’ understanding of outcome monitoring as a resource for practice improvement must be improved to avoid random patient experiences becoming the decisive factor in determining further use.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02077829. Registered 25 February 2014.
Recurrence of Trisomic Pregnancies in Four Families: A Cytogenetic and Molecular Study
Authors: Nampoothiri Sheela , Saadi Abdul Vahab , Girisha Katta M. , Padmanabhan Laxmi , Yesodharan Dhanya , Thampi M. V. , Hamza Zareena , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe risk for recurrence of non disjunction trisomy 21 is conventionally considered to be less than 1%. Within a span of 3 years, we observed recurrence of non disjunction trisomies in four families. The objective of the present study was to determine low level mosaicism in either of the couple and to identify the parental origin of additional chromosome 21/18. The four couples who had recurrent trisomic conceptions were investigated for the underlying mosaicism by analysis of 100 cells from peripheral blood of the couple and the parental origin of supernumerary chromosome 21/18 were identified using microsatellite markers. Low level mosaicisms in peripheral lymphocytes of couple were ruled out for all four families. Microsatellite markers have shown maternal origin of chromosomal nondisjunction for all the families and defective first meiotic division as the most common mechanism for nondisjunction. This observation raises the need for discussing the option of invasive testing while counseling the couple with an affected child with non-disjunction trisomy as the risk for recurrence of trisomies in subsequent pregnancy might not be as low as 1%.
High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women in South China
Authors: Li Xueli , Wang Yuanliu , Gao Gan , Guan Xiaoyong , Qin Peixu , Liu Chunming 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Objective: To investigate the vitamin D status of pregnant women in the Liuzhou area and assess the effects of maternal vitamin D status on the cord blood of their newborns. Subjects and methods: This study included 8852 pregnant women and 2000 newborns. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels of the 8852 pregnant women and the cord blood of 2000 newborns were measured. Results: The results showed that the average level of 25(OH)D in pregnant women in this area was 76.55 nmol/L, and women in different trimesters had different vitamin D levels ( p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<75 nmol/L) in pregnant women was 62.34%, and the proportion of severe deficiency (<25 nmol/L) was 0.25%. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in the winter and spring than in the summer and autumn ( p < 0.001). Pregnant women who had regular vitamin D supplementation had higher levels of 25(OH)D than the women with discontinuous supplementation or no supplementation ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent in pregnant women in the Liuzhou area. There were differences in vitamin D levels between the three trimesters and different seasons. For pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency, it is important to scientifically determine the appropriate level of vitamin D supplementation to ensure the health of mothers and babies.
PPARγ Pro12Ala Polymorphism Influences the Relationship between Dietary Fat Intake, Adiposity and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Koohdani Fariba , Sotoudeh Gity , Kalantar Zahra , Mansoori Anahita 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) Pro12Ala polymorphism (rs1801282) has been associated with metabolic syndrome components in some studies. Moreover, the PPARγ gene may mediate the physiological response to dietary fat intake in a ligand-dependent manner. Methods: Metabolic syndrome components (body mass index, waist circumference, and lipid profile) were determined in 290 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a cross-sectional study. DNA genotyping for determining PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism method. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the participants’ dietary intakes in the previous year. Results: There were significant differences between the two genotype groups of PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism, Ala carriers (Pro/Ala + Ala/Ala) versus non-Ala carriers (Pro/Pro), in terms of mean body mass index (p = 0.04) and waist circumference (p = 0.02). Below the median percentage of energy from monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, Ala carriers had a higher body mass index (p = 0.01) compared to non-Ala carriers. Furthermore, a significant interaction between this single-nucleotide polymorphism and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake on serum triglyceride levels (p = 0.01) was seen, and in higher polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (≥ median) Ala carriers had lower triglyceride levels than non-Ala carriers (p = 0.007). Conclusions: The findings of the current study support a significant association between PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism and metabolic syndrome components, and they suggest that this polymorphism can modulate the biological response of dietary fat intake on body mass index and triglyceride levels.
Superoscillation: from physics to optical applications
Authors: Chen Gang , Wen Zhong-Quan , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe resolution of conventional optical elements and systems has long been perceived to satisfy the classic Rayleigh criterion. Paramount efforts have been made to develop different types of superresolution techniques to achieve optical resolution down to several nanometres, such as by using evanescent waves, fluorescence labelling, and postprocessing. Superresolution imaging techniques, which are noncontact, far field and label free, are highly desirable but challenging to implement. The concept of superoscillation offers an alternative route to optical superresolution and enables the engineering of focal spots and point-spread functions of arbitrarily small size without theoretical limitations. This paper reviews recent developments in optical superoscillation technologies, design approaches, methods of characterizing superoscillatory optical fields, and applications in noncontact, far-field and label-free superresolution microscopy. This work may promote the wider adoption and application of optical superresolution across different wave types and application domains.
The transcription factor Slug represses p16Ink4a and regulates murine muscle stem cell aging
Authors: Zhu Pei , Zhang Chunping , Gao Yongxing , Wu Furen , Zhou Yalu , Wu Wen-Shu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractActivation of the p16Ink4a-associated senescence pathway during aging breaks muscle homeostasis and causes degenerative muscle disease by irreversibly dampening satellite cell (SC) self-renewal capacity. Here, we report that the zinc-finger transcription factor Slug is highly expressed in quiescent SCs of mice and functions as a direct transcriptional repressor of p16Ink4a. Loss of Slug promotes derepression of p16Ink4a in SCs and accelerates the entry of SCs into a fully senescent state upon damage-induced stress. p16Ink4a depletion partially rescues defects in Slug-deficient SCs. Furthermore, reduced Slug expression is accompanied by p16Ink4a accumulation in aged SCs. Slug overexpression ameliorates aged muscle regeneration by enhancing SC self-renewal through active repression of p16Ink4a transcription. Our results identify a cell-autonomous mechanism underlying functional defects of SCs at advanced age. As p16Ink4a dysregulation is the chief cause for regenerative defects of human geriatric SCs, these findings highlight Slug as a potential therapeutic target for aging-associated degenerative muscle disease.
2DMatPedia, an open computational database of two-dimensional materials from top-down and bottom-up approaches
Authors: Zhou Jun , Shen Lei , Costa Miguel Dias , Persson Kristin A. , Ong Shyue Ping , Huck Patrick , Lu Yunhao , Ma Xiaoyang , Chen Yiming , Tang Hanmei , Feng Yuan Ping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) materials have been a hot research topic in the last decade, due to novel fundamental physics in the reduced dimension and appealing applications. Systematic discovery of functional 2D materials has been the focus of many studies. Here, we present a large dataset of 2D materials, with more than 6,000 monolayer structures, obtained from both top-down and bottom-up discovery procedures. First, we screened all bulk materials in the database of Materials Project for layered structures by a topology-based algorithm and theoretically exfoliated them into monolayers. Then, we generated new 2D materials by chemical substitution of elements in known 2D materials by others from the same group in the periodic table. The structural, electronic and energetic properties of these 2D materials are consistently calculated, to provide a starting point for further material screening, data mining, data analysis and artificial intelligence applications. We present the details of computational methodology, data record and technical validation of our publicly available data (http://www.2dmatpedia.org/).
Data Correction of Intensity Modulated Small Angle Scattering
Authors: Li Fankang , Parnell Steven R. , Dalgliesh Robert , Washington Adam , Plomp Jeroen , Pynn Roger 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo investigate long length scale structures using neutron scattering, real space techniques have shown certain advantages over the conventional methods working in reciprocal space. As one of the real space measurement techniques, spin echo modulated small angle neutron scattering (SEMSANS) has attracted attention, due to its relaxed constraints on sample environment and the possibility to combine SEMSANS and a conventional small angle neutron scattering instrument. In this report, we present the first implementation of SEMSANS at a pulsed neutron source and discuss important corrections to the data due to the sample absorption. These corrections allow measurements made with different neutron wavelengths and SEMSANS configurations to be overlaid and give confidence that the measurements provide an accurate representation of the density correlations in the sample.
Vitamins (A&D) and Isoprenoid (Chenodeoxycholic acid) molecules are accompanied by Th1 immunostimulatory response and therapeutic cure in vivo: possible antileishmanial drugs
Authors: Gogulamudi Venkateswara Reddy , Dubey Mohan Lal , Kaul Deepak , Hubert Donfack Jean , Kandimalla Ramesh , Sehgal Rakesh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInvestigation of immune modulatory anti-leishmanial molecules is now being strongly encouraged to overcome the immunosuppression manifested during visceral leishmaniasis (VL), resistance, toxicity and high cost associated with conventional therapeutics. In the present study, we explored the protective efficacy of vitamin D3, retinoic acid and isoprenoid chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) combinations againstL.donovaniinfected BALB/c mice. We also probed the immune modulatory response (Th1 & Th2 cytokines) and infection dynamics following experimental infections with drug treated animals. Our results indicate that Vit.D3/RA and CDCA/RA combination treatment led to significant inhibition of parasite load on days 21 and 28 post treatment. Furthermore, there was a marked inhibition of Th2 type immune responses in IL-4, IL-5 and polarization of Th1 biased immunity along with upregulation of IL-1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels on day 28 post treatment. In addition, mice treated with Vit.D3/RA and CDCA/RA demonstrates here that splenic histological recovery against the virulent challenge ofL.donovaniby day 28 was comparable to control group. The conclusions derived from this study suggests that a combination of vitamin A, D3and isoprenoids may have a potential immunomodulatory therapeutic role against leishmaniasis.
Theta band high definition transcranial alternating current stimulation, but not transcranial direct current stimulation, improves associative memory performance
Authors: Lang Stefan , Gan Liu Shi , Alrazi Tazrina , Monchi Oury 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAssociative memory (AM) deficits are common in neurodegenerative disease and novel therapies aimed at improving these faculties are needed. Theta band oscillations within AM networks have been shown to be important for successful memory encoding and modulating these rhythms represents a promising strategy for cognitive enhancement. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (TACS) has been hypothesized to entrain and increase power of endogenous brain rhythms. For this reason, we hypothesized that focal delivery of theta band electrical current, using high-definition TACS, would result in improved AM performance compared to sham stimulation or transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS). In this pilot study, 60 healthy subjects were randomized to receive high definition TACS, high definition TDCS, or sham stimulation delivered to the right fusiform cortex during encoding of visual associations. Consistent with our hypothesis, improved AM performance was observed in the TACS group, while TDCS had no effect. However, TACS also resulted in improved correct rejection of never seen items, reduced false memory, and reduced forgetting, suggesting the effect may not be specific for AM processes. Overall, this work informs strategies for improving associative memory and suggests alternating current is more effective than direct current stimulation in some contexts.
Non-invasive visualization of physiological changes of insects during metamorphosis based on biophoton emission imaging
Authors: Usui Shoko , Tada Mika , Kobayashi Masaki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSpontaneous ultra-weak photon emission from living organisms, designated as biophoton emission, is a generally observed phenomenon irrespective of the organism species. Biophoton emission is attributed to the production of excited molecules in a metabolic biochemical reaction, especially in processes involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although many plant and mammal subjects have reportedly been used to study its application to biological measurements, biophoton emission properties of insects remain unclear. For this study, we strove to measure the variation of two-dimensional images of biophoton emission during the metamorphosis of lepidopterous insects as a moving picture to elucidate the physiological changes underlying the mechanism of drastic changes of morphological and ecological characteristics of the insects. We used our developed biophoton imaging system incorporating a cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and a specially designed lens system to elucidate the spatiotemporal dynamics of biophoton emission during metamorphosis, larval–pupal ecdysis/pupation ofPapilio protenor, suggesting its applicability forin vivoobservation of physiological changes during the regulation of metamorphosis.
Down-regulation of SOX18 inhibits laryngeal carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through JAK2/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Xu Yice , Zhang Qingyuan , Zhou Jie , Li Zhaolong , Guo Junyu , Wang Weina , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head, neck, and respiratory tract. The aim of the present study is to explore the biological function of SRY-related HMG-box 18 (SOX18) in laryngeal carcinoma cells and study the molecular mechanism involved. Initial findings indicate that the expression of SOX18 was increased in laryngeal carcinoma cell lines and tissues. The effect of SOX18 on laryngeal carcinoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and migration was also identified. The results indicated that down-regulation of SOX18 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced cell-cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma cells. However, overexpression of SOX18 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and inhibited cell apoptosis. The expression of cyclin D1, active-caspase-3, N-cadherin, MTA1, MMP-2, and MMP-7 was also regulated by the overexpression of siSOX18 or SOX18. In addition, it was found that SOX18 could also accelerate the phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in laryngeal carcinoma cells. Furthermore, our study indicated that SOX18 could stimulate cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma cells via regulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling, which could provide a new strategy for laryngeal carcinoma diagnosis and molecular therapies.
DEPDC1 promotes cell proliferation and suppresses sensitivity to chemotherapy in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Chao , Wang Pu , Tu Mengtian , Huang Yi , Xiong Fei , Wu Yue 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that aberrant expression of crucial cancer-related genes contributes to hepatocellular carcinogenesis. This study aimed to characterize the biological role of DEP domain containing 1 (DEPDC1), a novel cancer-related gene, in HCC and illuminate the potential molecular mechanisms involved.
Materials and methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used to characterize the expression patterns of DEPDC1 in tumorous tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was launched to evaluate the relationship between DEPDC1 expression and overall survival. CCK8 assay, colony formation and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the effects of DEPDC1 on HCC cell viability, clonogenic capability and cell apoptosis. Murine xenograft models were established to determine the effect of DEPDC1 on tumor growth in vivo. SP600125, a JNK specific inhibitor, was applied to carriy out mechanistic studies.
Results: DEPDC1 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with para-cancerous tissues. Besides, patients with high DEPDC1 expression experienced a significantly shorter overall survival. Functional investigations demonstrated that DEPDC1 overexpression facilitated HCC cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis, whereas DEPDC1 depletion inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Furthermore, DEPDC1 ablation suppressed tumorigenecity of HCC cells in murine xenograft models. Mechanistic studies uncovered that JNK signaling pathway mediated the promoting effects of DEPDC1 on HCC cell viability and chemotherapy resistance.
Conclusion: Collectively, our data may provide some evidence for DEPDC1 as a candidate therapeutic target for HCC.
Position effects on promoter activity inEscherichia coliand their consequences for antibiotic-resistance determinants
Authors: Cooke Karen , Browning Douglas F. , Lee David J. , Blair Jessica M.A. , McNeill Helen E. , Huber Damon , Busby Stephen J.W. , Bryant Jack A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe activity of any bacterial promoter is generally supposed to be set by its base sequence and the different transcription factors that bind in the local vicinity. Here, we review recent data indicating that the activity of the Escherichia coli lac operon promoter also depends upon its chromosomal location. Factors that affect promoter activity include the binding of nucleoid-associated proteins to neighbouring sequences, supercoiling and the activity of neighbouring promoters. We suggest that many bacterial promoters might be susceptible to similar position-dependent effects and we review recent data showing that the expression of mobile genes encoding antibiotic-resistance determinants is also location-dependent, both when carried on a bacterial chromosome or a conjugative plasmid.