bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulling force deforms hair follicle root sheath nuclei and surrounding dermal collagen matrix differently at infundibulum, isthmus and suprabulbar regions
Authors: Johnson Simeon , Cowley Kevin , Hawkins Timothy J. , Määttä Arto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe biomechanical properties of the collagenous dermal matrix are well described but responses to mechanical force by the hair follicles have not been characterised so far. We applied a pulling force on hair follicles to visualise and quantify changes in the keratin‐14 and involucrin‐positive cell layers of the follicles using nuclear dimensions as an indicator of tissue deformation. Moreover, we used second‐harmonic generation imaging to visualise changes in the dermal collagen. We report how the anatomical regions of the follicle respond to the force. Nuclei of the isthmus region were most affected. The nuclei in both K14‐positive outer root sheath cells and in involucrin‐positive cells were significantly compressed, whereas the response in the infundibulum and suprabulbar regions was more variable. The deformation of the nuclei did not correlate with lamin A/C expression. The changes in the collagenous matrix were distinct at different depths of the dermis as collagen fibrils were compressed closer to each other in the region adjacent to upper suprabulbar follicle and pulled apart near the infundibulum. Thus, the responses to the force are locally defined and the cells in the permanent and cycling parts of the follicle behave differently.
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938—A comparative study on the effect of probiotics and lysates on human skin
Authors: Khmaladze Ia , Butler Éile , Fabre Susanne , Gillbro Johanna M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHuman skin microbiota might play an important role in maintaining skin health and potentially prevent premature skin ageing. The use of probiotics in therapeutic skin applications is an attractive idea, as it could offer an alternative option for certain inflammatory skin disorders and dry or sensitive skin. Here, we investigated for the first time, a comparative study of live and the lysate products of probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 in skin topical applications using ex vivo skin models focusing on anti‐inflammatory and skin barrier function and in vitro assays for antimicrobial activity. Our results in ultraviolet B radiation (UVB‐R)‐induced inflammation model demonstrated that both live bacteria and the lysate of L. reuteri DSM 17938 reduced proinflammatory IL‐6 and IL‐8, illustrated in both reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) and native skin models. Live L reuteri DSM 17938 significantly increased aquaporin 3 (AQP3) gene expression, while the lysate enhanced laminin A/B levels in a healthy (unstimulated) state of RHE, suggesting a positive impact on skin barrier. In addition, live L. reuteri DSM 17938 had antimicrobial action against pathogenic skin bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes M1, Cutibacterium acnes AS12, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), whereas the lysate did not have such an effect. Therefore, it is hypothesized that L. reuteri DSM 17938 could be beneficial for general skin health, to avoid the UVB‐R‐mediated inflammatory cascade and/or prevent photoageing, improve barrier function or in the management of unhealthy skin prone to inflammatory conditions due to its antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory and skin barrier enhancing functions.
Measuring the depth of invasion in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: interobserver agreement and pitfalls
Authors: Pouwer Anne‐Floor W , Bult Peter , Otte Irene , van der Brand Michiel , van der Horst Judith , Harterink Laurette J V , van de Vijver Koen K , Guerra Esther , Aliredjo Riena P , Bosch Steven L , M M Grefte Johanna , Zomer Saskia , Hollema Harry , de Heus Barry , Satumalaij Saphira , Ewing‐Graham Patricia C , IntHout Joanna , de Hullu Joanne A , Bulten Johan 
Published: April 2019

AimsThe depth of invasion is an important prognostic factor for patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The threshold of 1 mm distinguishes between FIGO stages IA and ≥IB disease and guides the need for groin surgery. Therefore, high interobserver agreement is crucial. The conventional and the alternative method are described to measure the depth of invasion. The aims of this study were to assess interobserver agreement for classifying the depth of invasion using both methods and to identify pitfalls.Methods and resultsFifty slides of vulvar SCC with a depth of invasion approximately 1 mm were selected, digitally scanned and independently assessed by 10 pathologists working in a referral or oncology centre and four pathologists in training. The depth of invasion was measured using both the conventional and alternative method in each slide and categorised into ≤1 and >1 mm. The percentage of agreement and Light’s kappa for multi‐rater agreement were calculated, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by bootstrapping (1000 runs). The agreement using the conventional method was moderate (κ = 0.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.45–0.68). The percentage of agreement among the participating pathologists using the conventional method was 85.0% versus 89.4% using the alternative method. Six pitfalls were identified: disagreement concerning which invasive nest is deepest, recognition of invasive growth and where it starts, curved surface, carcinoma situated on the edge of the tissue block, ulceration and different measurement methods.ConclusionsPathologists reached only moderate agreement in determining the depth of invasion in vulvar SCC, without a notable difference between the two measurement methods.
A portfolio optimization approach to design of congested multi‐service networks with application in community healthcare: fractional 0‐1 programming
Authors: Ramshe Nasrin , Ahmadi‐Javid Amir 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMulti‐service networks are broadly used in different service industries. Effective design of these networks has a considerable impact on customer satisfaction. Controlling congestion created at service facilities (SFs) is an important function for improving service quality. There are different studies on modeling multi‐service network design, but they mostly neglect incorporating service‐quality aspects such as congestion into their models. This paper considers the problem of simultaneous service portfolio selection, SF location, and capacity planning in a multi‐service network with M/M/1 servers where the total congestion at established facilities should be controlled. The problem is formulated as a fractional 0‐1 programming model, which is linearized in several different ways. The linear reformulations are enhanced by exploiting the special structure of the original model. A comprehensive numerical study is carried out to compare the linear models. Finally, a real case on a community healthcare network is studied to provide a set of managerial insights.
Financing decisions in supply chains with a capital‐constrained manufacturer: competition and risk
Authors: Shen Bin , Wang Xin , Cao Yifan , Li Qingying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSupply chain finance is a crucial topic. In this paper, we consider that a capital‐constrained manufacturer can borrow money from either a bank (bank credit financing) or a retailer (trade credit financing). Our analysis compares supply chain performance under these two financing schemes. Furthermore, we extend our model to evaluate the impacts of retail competition and supply chain member's risk aversion on supply chains, which consist of one capital‐constrained manufacturer and two competing retailers. We consider three financing schemes: only bank credit financing, dual trade credit financing, and bank and trade credit mix financing. We find that without retail competition, the retailer is always willing to use the trade credit financing; whereas with retail competition, if one retailer provides the trade credit but the other does not, the credit provider could receive the superior profit. Thus, providing an appropriate trade credit financing scheme is critically important for retailers. Moreover, we find that without retail competition, when a trade interest rate is relatively low, both the retailer and manufacturer could reach a win‐win situation in the trade credit financing. However, with retail competition, supply chain members (i.e., two retailers and one manufacturer) will not have an all‐win situation no matter which specific financing scheme is adopted and only a win‐win‐lose situation exists when using the credit mix financing scheme or the dual trade credit financing in supply chains. Last but not least, regardless of risk neutrality or aversion of supply chain members, their pricing decisions among three financing schemes are similar. This implies that the impacts of supply chain members’ risk aversion are limited in supply chain financing scheme selection. More managerial insights are discussed.
Microstructure, colossal permittivity, and humidity sensitivity of (Na, Nb) co‐doped rutile TiO2 ceramics
Authors: Li Tianyu , Si Renjun , Wang Jin , Wang Shuting , Sun Jie , Wang Chunchang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract(Na0.25Nb0.75)xTi1−xO2 (NNTO) ceramics (x = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05) were prepared by the conventional solid‐state reaction. The microstructure, dielectric, and humidity sensitivity of the ceramics were systematically investigated. Results showed that all ceramics exhibit pure rutile TiO2 phase with dense microstructures. Co‐doping of (Na, Nb) can effectively improve the microstructure homogeneity of the ceramics. When the doping level x ≥ 0.01, the co‐doped samples show colossal permittivity higher than 104 and dielectric loss tangent lower than 0.38. This dielectric behavior features the merit of both frequency and temperature stability in the range of 102‐106 Hz and 100‐300 K, respectively. The co‐doped ceramics were found to be sensitive to the environment moisture. The humidity sensitivity incurs a Maxwell‐Wagner relaxation near room temperature, which further enhances the dielectric permittivity. Excellent humidity sensitive properties of sensitivity to be 102.6 pF/%RH, response/recovery time to be 115/20 seconds, as well as good repeatability, were achieved in the sample with the doping level x = 0.05. This work underscores that the room temperature dielectric properties of doubly doped TiO2 system depends strongly on the environmental condition and suggests that the (Na + Nb) co‐doped TiO2 ceramics might be promising humidity sensing materials.
Recommended configuration for personal health records by standardized data item sets for diabetes mellitus and associated chronic diseases: A report from Collaborative Initiative by six Japanese Associations
Authors: Nakashima Naoki , Noda Mitsuhiko , Ueki Kohjiro , Koga Tatsuhiko , Hayashi Michio , Yamazaki Katsuya , Nakagami Tomoko , Ohara Makoto , Gochi Akira , Matsumura Yasushi , Kimura Michio , Ohe Kazuhiko , Kang Dongchon , Toya Yoshiyuki , Yamagata Kunihiro , Yokote Koutaro , Ikeda Shunya , Mitsutake Naohiro , Yamamoto Ryuichi , Tanizawa Yukio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt is expected that a large amount of data related to diabetes and other chronic diseases will be generated. However, databases constructed without standardized data item sets can be limited in their usefulness. To address this, the Collaborative Committee of Clinical Informatization in Diabetes Mellitus was established in 2011 by the Japan Diabetes Society and Japan Association for Medical Informatics. The committee has developed core item sets and self‐management item sets for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease in collaboration with the Japanese Society of Hypertension, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, Japanese Society of Nephrology, and Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine, as well as a mapping table that aligns the self‐management item sets with the Japanese standardized codes for laboratory testing. The committee also determined detailed specifications for implementing the four self‐management item sets in personal health record (PHR) applications to facilitate risk stratification, the generation of alerts using information and communications technology systems, the avoidance of data input errors, and the generation of reminders to input the self‐management item set data. The approach developed by the committee may be useful for combining databases for various purposes (such as for clinical studies, patient education, and electronic medical record systems) and for facilitating collaboration between PHR administrators.
Efficacy and tolerability of using platelet‐rich plasma versus chemical peeling in periorbital hyperpigmentation
Authors: Ellabban Noura F. , Eyada Moustafa , Nada Hesham , Kamel Noha 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundVarious therapeutic modalities for periorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) have been proposed.ObjectiveThis study was designed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and chemical peeling in POH.Subjects and methodsForty‐two patients were enrolled in this study and randomly subdivided into two groups. Group A patients were assigned to receive four sessions of chemical peeling using trichloroacetic acid and lactic acid, while group B was assigned to patients who received four sessions of PRP injection with 2 weeks of intervals. Patients were assessed by digital photographs. The degree of improvement included four degrees from poor to excellent, and side effects were reported.ResultsFemales constituted 38 out of 42 patients (mean age, 28.14 ± 3.47 years). There was a significant improvement in favor of chemical peeling over PRP. Good improvement occurred in 47.6% in the group A versus 4.8% in group B (P < 0.001). None of the PRP group had excellent improvement, while 38% of chemical peeling group did. Most of group A patients reported very pleased (47.6%) to excellent (38%) degree, in contrast to group B where 52.5% were just pleased (P < 0.001). Some of group A patients experienced itching (14.3%) and redness (14.3%), while in group B, they experienced pain (23.8%) and edema (14.3%) with nonsignificant difference between both groups (P = 0.07).ConclusionsBoth PRP and chemical peeling are effective for treatment of POH; however, chemical peeling is much more effective, tolerable, and satisfying procedure than PRP.
Carceral Kinship: Future Families of the Late Leviathan
Authors: Carter Jon Horne 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis essay examines the monstrous first as a figure haunting Western legal history, stripped of rights and often merging with the animal, and second, as a divergent sociality borne of emergencies, crises, and faultlines of late liberal governmentality. In particular I ask how the figure of the pathological and violent gang member structures debates about the US‐Mexico border crosser, and the limits of humanity before the law. The essay moves from a genealogy of the gang member in Honduras, to the refugee asylum seeker of 2018, to ask what forms of difference‐making, in the form of new monstrosities, might inform new notions of kinship and solidarity amid anthropocenic futures.
Spatial segregation and urban structure
Authors: Mossay Pascal , Picard Pierre 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a model of spatial segregation mediated by competitive land prices. Agents of two groups consume city land and benefit from social interactions. Because of cultural or ethnic differences, intragroup interactions are more frequent than intergroup ones. When group sizes differ, population groups sort into distinct neighborhoods. We characterize two‐ and three‐district urban structures. For high population ratios or strong intergroup interactions, only a three‐district city exists. In other cases, multiplicity of equilibria arises. Both groups generally rank these equilibria differently. However, when group sizes are similar, all individuals agree on which spatial equilibrium is best.
Rural‐Urban Trends in Opioid Overdose Discharges in Missouri Emergency Departments, 2012‐2016
Authors: Coffey Whitney , Hunter Andrew , Mobley Evan , Vivolo‐Kantor Alana 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeOpioid overdose death rates rose 36% from 2015 to 2016 in Missouri, indicating a worsening of the opioid overdose epidemic. To better understand urban and rural differences in nonfatal opioid overdoses treated in Missouri emergency departments, this paper analyzed hospital billing data from emergency departments due to opioid overdose from 2012 to 2016.MethodsEmergency department records meeting the opioid overdose case definition were aggregated into 6 progressively rural groups using the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) urban‐rural county classification from 2013. These data were analyzed to determine significant trends amongst and between the geographic groups.FindingsGenerally, the magnitude of opioid overdose morbidity decreased as levels of rurality increased, using annual percentage change as the metric of change. Over the study period, Missouri's most urban counties had significantly higher rates of opioid overdose and saw larger percentage increases in rates compared to more rural areas. Statewide, all rural‐urban classifications experienced increases in heroin overdose morbidity; however, there was extreme variation in the trajectory of those increases. Heroin overdose rates were much higher in urban areas than rural areas. Conversely, rural and urban areas saw relatively similar patterns for non‐heroin opioid overdoses, though overall magnitude of these increases was more modest across all geographic groups.ConclusionsThe results from this analysis can help inform prioritization of strategies and resources to implement activities addressing the opioid overdose epidemic. Using a rich hospital discharge database could allow for further analysis of subpopulations to enhance personalization and customization of care.
Effects of silymarin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune response in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Zhou Huihui , Wang Xuan , Mai Kangsen , He Gen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA 9‐week feeding trial was conducted using triplicate groups of turbot (6.50 ± 0.01 g) to explore the potential effects of silymarin. Three concentrations of silymarin (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were added to the plant protein‐based diet. Fish were randomly distributed into fiberglass tanks (30 fish per tank). The results showed that adding 100 mg/kg silymarin significantly improved the growth performance, with no effects on feed utilization. The antioxidant capacity in the liver was significantly improved in the 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg silymarin groups by not only inducing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase but also increasing the messager RNA (mRNA) expression levels of SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxiredoxin 6. Meanwhile, supplying 100 and 200 mg/kg of silymarin enhanced the heights of villi and enterocytes. Silymarin supplementation reduced the mRNA expression of interleukin‐8 and tumor necrosis factor‐α but induced the expression of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) in the intestine. These results indicated that silymarin was a potential nutraceutical that could enhance the growth performance and health status of turbot fed in a high plant protein diet. Adding 100 mg/kg silymarin to the plant protein diet achieved optimal performance in turbot.
Progressive ossification of the bone marrow vasculature with advancing age corresponds with reduced red blood cell count and percentage of circulating lymphocytes in male Fischer‐344 rats
Authors: Guderian Sophie , Lee Seungyong , McLane Mary Ann , Prisby Rhonda D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveAssess the link between bone marrow blood vessel ossification, Tb. and cortical bone, and hematological parameters across the lifespan in rats.MethodsRight femora and whole blood samples were taken from male Fischer‐344 rats at 1, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Femora were scanned by micro‐computed tomography (MicroCT) to determine bone marrow blood vessel ossification (ie, ossified vessel volume [OsVV], ossified vessel thickness (OsV.Th), ossified vessel density (OsV density), and structural model index [SMI]). Bone microarchitecture (ie, bone volume [BV/TV], trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and trabecular separation), density and SMI, and cortical bone parameters (ie, cortical shell thickness, porosity, and density) were also determined by MicroCT. Complete blood counts with differentials were conducted.ResultsOssified vessel volume increased throughout the lifespan, coinciding with reduced trabecular BV/TV and cortical shell thickness at 24 months. Many of the hematological parameters were unchanged (ie, white blood cells, lymphocyte number) or increased (monocyte number, percent monocyte, granulocyte number, percent granulocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell distribution width, platelet, mean platelet volume) with advancing age; however, red blood cells (RBC) and percent lymphocytes (LY%) were reduced at 24 months. In addition, OsV density was similar to trabecular bone density.ConclusionsDeclines in trabecular BV/TV, cortical shell thickness, RBC, and LY% with advanced age coincided with augmented ossification of bone marrow blood vessels.
Shaping smarter consumer food choices: The FoodSMART project
Authors: Hartwell H. , Appleton K. M. , Bray J. , Price S. , Mavridis I. , Giboreau A. , Perez‐Cueto F. J. A. , Ronge M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCompared to meals prepared at home, meals eaten out of home tend to contain more energy, total fat and saturated fat and it is here where consumers can have very little knowledge of the nutrient profile of the dish they are eating. The aim of the European Union‐funded FoodSMART project (www.foodsmartproject.net) was to develop an innovative technical menu solution ‘app’ that enables informed consumer food choice, which takes into account individual preferences (such as dietary requirements) as well as food product specifications, in a workplace canteen setting. A best–worst scaling questionnaire was conducted to identify consumers’ functional app requirements and inform the development of personalised food choice messages. Proof of concept was tested using the System Usability Scale in consumers from four European countries (Denmark, France, Greece and the UK). Information on ingredients, nutrition, food ‘naturalness’ and value for money were those most valued by consumers, with this presented ideally in a personalised way and using a traffic light model. Field trials of the FoodSMART app indicated that consumers found it to be simple, easy to use and attractive for frequent use. By gaining insight into the needs of consumers, dietary information can be better tailored and provided in an appropriate format to enable informed food choice.