bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive control in patients with alcohol use disorder: testing a three-function model
Authors: Trusova Anna , Klimanova Svetlana , Berezina Anna , Gvozdetsky Anton 
Published: June 2018

Aim of the studyThe aim of the current study is to test cognitive control models for explaining cognitive dysfunctions in patients with AUD.Subject or material and methods53 participants with AUD undergoing detoxification inpatient treatment were assessed using Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective disorder battery (BAC-A), Continuous Performance Test – Identical Pair (CPT-IP), and the Stroop test.ResultsA model of patients’ cognitive control dysfunction is developed using principal component analysis. It includes response inhibition and working memory components and explains 87.3% of cognitive control variance. The comparison between “low” and “high” cognitive control groups yielded significant differences in verbal and working memory (p<0.001), processing speed (p=0.006), and emotional processing (p<0.01) tasks. When compared to the normative data, the «low» cognitive control group exhibited deficits in working memory, motor skills, processing speed, planning and decision making, and emotional processing (all at the p<0.001 level). No other significant differences were observed.DiscussionThe cognitive control model, which includes working memory and response inhibition, might be more accurate in explaining cognitive deficits in AUD. The clinically and demographically equal groups differed in cognitive control abilities, motor skills, processing speed and emotional interference control.ConclusionsThis is one the first studies examining cognitive control in Russian patients with AUD. The findings suggest the diversity of premorbid cognitive functioning or differences in vulnerability to neurotoxic effects of alcohol intake among patients with AUD with varying levels of cognitive control.
The development of a district nursing caseload review tool
Authors: Grundy Celine , Wheeler Helen 
Published: June 2018

District Nursing (DN) caseloads are increasingly unwieldy. ( Queen's Nursing Institute, 2016 ). They can also be difficult to manage due to the unpredictability and increasing complexity of the patient's needs. It is an essential component of DN teams that caseloads are reviewed on a regular basis to support the delivery of efficient, effective and safe patient care. This article illustrates how a caseload review tool was developed, which would standardise the process in all teams, analyse and monitor the outcomes, identify any trends and themes and give assurance that DN caseloads were productive and safe. The testing, piloting and evaluation of the DN caseload review tool was over a period of 12 months and included 35 DN teams across the Trust. The method used was standardised and systematic, in order to ensure that the results were consistent across the pilot site. It also allowed for standardised challenges to be made by the reviewers, ensuring that the process was efficient and meaningful, the outcomes measured and documented and the clinical systems updated appropriately. Results from the initial reviews have been positive. They have produced both qualitative and quantitative data, which has supported further development of the tool. In addition, actions and outcomes identified for individual patients have been documented and addressed, where possible, at local level. A governance process is in place which supports unaddressed challenges, themes and trends. The conclusion of the pilot has confirmed that this process is valid and will continue to be used within the organisation.
Secondary traumatic stress and resilience among EMS
Authors: Austin Cindy L , Pathak Manoj , Thompson Simon 
Published: June 2018

Aim: The current study investigated the positive and negative psychological adaptations that are a result of secondary traumatic stress, and the role of resilience among paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: Emergency medical service (EMS) providers anonymously completed four validated questionnaires on: secondary traumatic stress, post-traumatic growth, resilience, and changes in outlook. Relationships between these constructs and demographics were explored. Findings: Overall, EMS participants reported a higher-than-average positive change in outlook. Resilience (p<0.001) was significantly inversely related to secondary traumatic stress and negative change in outlook. EMS working part-time demonstrated a significantly higher level of resilience (p=0.005) compared with full-time. Post-traumatic growth was significantly higher (p=0.03) in EMTs compared with paramedics. No significant differences (p>0.05) were detected between years of experience for any attributes analysed. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated significant correlations between secondary traumatic stress, resilience, post-traumatic growth, and changes in outlook in EMTs and paramedics.
Mediating identity crisis: A discourse analysis of conflict reporting in the African diasporic press in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ogunyemi Ola 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
People in the diaspora exhibit a dual identity, that is, an identity connected to their homeland and to their host country. This duality creates a constant tension, which could escalate into a crisis when they are exposed to negative messages about events at home such as conflict, political and economic instability and/or to negative messages about events in the host country such as unfavourable changes in immigration policy, physical attacks on group members and negative stereotyping in the mainstream media. This study focuses on the role of diasporic media in mediating identity crisis among black African diasporas. Adopting interview and critical discourse analysis methods, this study found that the African diasporic press de-escalates identity crisis by projecting African diasporas as ‘doers’ rather than as ‘villains’ in the news. But it fails to drastically reduce identity crisis because of a limited use of conflict-sensitive reporting criteria in news stories of African conflicts.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bellotta Samanta , Negro Francesca 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Continental Shifts: Migration, Representation, and the Struggle for Justice in Latin(o) America, John D. ‘Rio’ Riofrio (2015)
Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 198 pp.,
ISBN: 9781477305423, h/bk, £20.99

Sounds of Latinidad: Immigrants Making Music and Creating Culture in a Southern City, Samuel K. Byrd (2015)
New York: New York UP, 304 pp.,
ISBN: 9781479859405, h/bk, £51.16, ISBN: 9781479860425, p/bk
Fluid identities and navigating integration: The politics of solidarity in contemporary Germany
Authors: Smolarski Chloe 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Due to political, economic and environmental factors, global immigration will only increase. Using Germany as a case study, the research question addressed in this article is not if the public thinks immigrants and asylum seekers should be permitted entrance to politically stable countries, but rather once they have arrived, what active strategies can be implemented to achieve healthy integration and who should set the agenda? A qualitative data analysis, culled from interviews conducted during the summer of 2016, contribute to the debate on public opinion around the politicization of immigration and identity. This analysis examines the media coverage of specific socially and politically charged events in relation to Germany’s solidarity movement, known as Willkommenkultur (welcome culture). The study found that the way in which a society defines, frames and understands the motivations behind its movements of opposition, or solidarity, potentially allows for a shift in perspective leading to a reimagining of what is and what could be.
Media, conflict and diaspora audiences
Authors: Osman Idil 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Emergence of diaspora communities has resulted in diasporic media playing a key role in enabling a reconnection of diasporic populations with a mediated homeland. This becomes more poignant amongst diaspora communities that feel marginalized, racially discriminated against and battle threats of xenophobia, Islamophobia and other forms of social exclusion in their adopted Western homes. This makes mediated co-presence more powerful than physical co-presence as diaspora individuals try to find community at a distance. Taking the Somali diaspora community as a case study, this article explores how diasporic media content is consumed amongst conflict-generated diaspora audiences. When conflict dynamics are manifested within diaspora social networks, the re-creation of conflict takes place, which then facilitates the engagement of diaspora with homeland conflicts. But their views, reactions and concerns regarding diasporic media content also indicate their potential for deliberatively engaging with it.
Kinetics and mechanism of the reduction of n-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetatoiron(III) complex by thioglycol in bicarbonate buffer medium
Authors: U. Nkole I , R. Osunkwo C , D. Onu A , D. Onu O 
Published: June 2018

The kinetics and mechanism of reduction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetatoiron (III) complex (hereafter [Fe(III)HEDTAOH2]) by thioglycol (hereafter RSH) has been studied spectrophotometrically in a bicarbonate buffer medium. The study was carried out under pseudo-first order conditions of an excess of thioglycol concentration at 28 Â± 1â„ƒ, I = 0.44 mol dm-3 (KNO3) and Î»max = 490 nm. The reaction is first order in [Fe(III)HEDTAOH2] and half order in [RSH] and a stoichiometric mole ratio of [Fe(III)HEDTAOH2]: RSH is 2:1. Reaction rates increased with increase in ionic strength (I) and dielectric constant (D) of the reaction medium of the reaction. The reaction displayed positive primary salt effect, which suggests the composition of activated complex are likely charged reactants ions. Test for possibility of an intermediate complex formation shows negative as Michaelis-Menten plot was linear with very negligible intercept. Based on the findings, outer-sphere mechanism is proposed for the reaction. The experimental rate law obtained is; - = k2 [Fe(III)HEDTAOH2][RSH]Â½Â Â Â
Nursesâ€™ KAP related to research conduct and utilization: EBNP â€œare we ready yet.
Authors: Amel Abouelfettoh Dr , Elham Al Ateeq Dr 
Published: June 2018

Background: Nurses make a positive difference every day and continue to shape the future of healthcare through planning, implementation and dissemination of quality research studies. The practice of evidence-based nursing is determined by the nurseâ€™s clinical experience as well as clinically relevant research knowledge, willingness to apply research to practice, and the skills to do so. No previous studies had been conducted to assess the conduct and utilization of nursing research and EBP in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia.Objective: Assess current nursesâ€™ research knowledge, attitude, and practice related to research conduct and utilization and to determine individual, organizational and contextual factors that predicts nursesâ€™ ability to conduct and utilize research findings into practice.Methods: Descriptive correlational cross-sectional design utilized to study a convenient sample of 719 nurses working at different health care sectors in the Eastern Region of KSA. [33] Items Research KAP Survey measured nursesâ€™ KAP related to researchÂ© (KAP), a. three level Likert Scale (ranging from one to 3). Score less than 1.66 is â€œlow, 1.67 to 2.33 is â€œmoderateâ€ and 2.34 to 3.0 is â€œhighâ€.Results: A response rate of 89.9% was obtained. Nurses were mostly females, aged between 30 to 40 years. Nursesâ€™ knowledge and attitude levels were moderate (1.78, 1.88 respectively), however the practice was low (1.31). Individual factors explained 77.4% (R2 = .774, F (5)=458, p<.001), contextual factors explained 8% (R2 = .089, F(4)=15.2, p<.001), and organizational factors explained 77.4% of the nurses ability to practice evidence based (R2 = .774, F(5)=458, p<.001).Conclusion: The study findings provide feedback to strengthen nursing research competencies at the regional level and to the Development of nursing research-related policies, guidelines, and educational programs for evidence based nursing practice.Â Â
Stress distributions in maxillary central incisors restored with different high-stiffness post models: 3-D FEA
Authors: Srayeddin Bassam , Almuntashri Ali 
Published: June 2018

Background: Dental root posts are recommended for endodontically treated weakened teeth.Objectives: The present computational FEA study aims to evaluate the effect of material and design of the post on the stress distribution under load in different root canal shapes of endodontically treated maxillary central incisor (MCI).Methods: Three-dimensional models of (MCI) were created by using CAD modeling software and divided into two groups. Group-I comprised five models of a weakened root restored using different post materials (stainless steel, titanium, gold-alloy, Ni-Cr, and zirconium). Group-II: involved four models of (MCI) with two different root canal shapes (small and wide) restored using cylindrical (C-Post) and two-stage tapered (T-Post) posts. Each tooth model was subjected to a 100 N oblique load at the palatal surface of the crown. Von Mises equivalent stresses on dentin and post, as well as shear stresses on the post cement, were evaluated.Results: In Group-I: Ni-Cr produced the lowest stress values on the dentin, where titanium and gold-alloy posts produced the lowest stresses in the post and post/root interfaces. In Group-II: Roots restored with a T-Post showed a lower concentration stress in the dentin and lower shear stresses in the cement layer compared with those restored with a C-Post.Conclusion: The geometry of the post and the corresponding material play an important role in the stress behavior of restored teeth. The use of titanium or gold-alloy T-Posts seems a good way to improve the stress distribution profile and reduce the risk of restoration failure.Â Â Â
Determination of cutting score in performance tasks<p>Performans görevlerinde kesme puanının belirlenmesi
Authors: Çetin Sevda , Altun Ayşegül 
Published: June 2018

Performance tasks are important in terms of meaningful learning since they enable students to use the information they have learned in their daily lives. Performance task is also the most commonly used method that our teachers use apart from written exams. While evaluating performance tasks, it is necessary to determine whether the tasks that students have prepared are adequate or not. In order to determine the measure of this decision, standard-setting studies have been carried out. In this study, passing score of a prepared performance task was determined through one of the standard-setting methods, Angoff method. 26 mathematics teachers who are working in various high schools in different cities participated in the study as experts. Data collection tool is a five-question performance project that is called ‘As the Crow Flies’ and includes coordinate plane and Pythagoras theorem. In the process of data collection, each expert was shown the questions in the performance task, and asked about the possibility of giving correct answers for the students who were on the border of failing. The consistency of points among experts were determined through Kendall’s W coefficient of concordance ( =137.872, sd=9, p<0.00). According to the points acquired from experts, it was concluded that although there was not a high level of consistency among experts, there was a moderate level of consistency. As a result of the calculations, final cutoff score was found to be 45.10. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetPerformans görevleri, öğrencilerin kavradıkları bilgileri günlük hayatla bağdaştırmaları ve anlamlı öğrenmeler açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin yazılı sınavlar dışında en çok kullandıkları yöntemlerden biridir. Performans görevlerini değerlendirirken öğrencilerin ortaya koydukları performans görevlerinde yeterli olup olmadıkları hakkında karar verilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kararın hangi ölçüte göre verileceğini belirlemek için standart belirleme çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, hazırlanan bir performans görevine ilişkin geçme puanı, standart belirleme yöntemlerinden biri olan Angoff yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya farklı illerdeki liselerde çalışan 26 matematik öğretmeni uzman olarak katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı ‘Kuş Uçuşu’ olarak adlandırılan, koordinat düzlemi ve Pisagor teoremini içerenbeş soruluk bir performans görevi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde her bir uzmana performans görevindeki sorular gösterilerek, bu soruları geçme-kalma sınırındaki bir öğrencinin doğru cevaplama olasılığı sorulmuştur. Puanlamada uzmanlar arası uyumun olup olmadığı Kendall’ın W uyum katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir ( =137.872, sd=9, p<0.00). Elde edilen sonuca göre, uzmanlar arasında orta düzeyde anlamlı bir uyum olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar ile nihai kesme puanı45.10 olarak bulunmuştur.
Hittite Geographers: Geographical Perceptions and Practices in Hittite Anatolia
Authors: Gerçek N. İlgi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHittite archives are remarkably rich in geographical data. A diverse array of documents has yielded, aside from thousands of geographical names (of towns, territories, mountains, and rivers), detailed descriptions of the Hittite state’s frontiers and depictions of landscape and topography. Historical geography has, as a result, occupied a central place in Hittitological research since the beginnings of the field. The primary aim of scholarship in this area has been to locate (precisely) or localize (approximately) regions, towns, and other geographical features, matching Hittite geographical names with archaeological sites, unexcavated mounds, and—whenever possible—with geographical names from the classical period. At the same time, comparatively little work has been done on geographical thinking in Hittite Anatolia: how and for what purpose(s) was geographical information collected, organized, and presented? How did those who produce the texts imagine their world and their homeland, “the Land of Hatti?” How did they characterize other lands and peoples they came into contact with? Concentrating on these questions, the present paper aims to extract from Hittite written sources their writers’ geographical conceptions and practices. It is argued that the acquisition and management of geographical information was an essential component of the Hittite Empire’s administrative infrastructure and that geographical knowledge was central to the creation of a Hittite homeland.
Neural Network-Based Architecture for Sentiment Analysis in Indian Languages
Authors: Bhargava Rupal , Arora Shivangi , Sharma Yashvardhan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Sentiment analysis refers to determining the polarity of the opinions represented by text. The paper proposes an approach to determine the sentiments of tweets in one of the Indian languages (Hindi, Bengali, and Tamil). Thirty-nine sequential models have been created using three different neural network layers [recurrent neural networks (RNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network (CNN)] with optimum parameter settings (to avoid over-fitting and error accumulation). These sequential models have been investigated for each of the three languages. The proposed sequential models are experimented to identify how the hidden layers affect the overall performance of the approach. A comparison has also been performed with existing approaches to find out if neural networks have an added advantage over traditional machine learning techniques.
Study the Performance of Various Optical Amplifiers for 80 Channels WDM System Using Attenuator
Authors: Mahesh  , Kumar Chakresh 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper we have study the performance of different optical amplifiers (Erbium doped amplifier (EDFA), RAMAN amplifier, and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)) for 80 channels wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system with the data rate at 10 Gbps data rate for the transmission distance of 280 km After getting the results of these amplifiers the performance of these has to be compared The Q-factor values achieved better in EDFA as compared to SOA and RAMAN. While the BER getting good in SOA as compared with other amplifiers but in EDFA after 200 km it goes saturated, the Power achieved at the power estimator is getting better in EDFA optical amplifier while in other amplifier it achieved negative. At the end it is also study the Power with frequency in THz and the Eye Diagram of such amplifiers results.
Object and consciousness in dialectical materialism. A contribution to the theory of social communication
Authors: Andrzejewski Bolesław 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to describe one of the theories of man, then of those regarding language and communication. There are many concepts related to these categories. Most of them define man as an independent being from outside, significant external influences. Dialectical materialism goes a different way in which man is a part of material world. Moreover, our language and communication have their roots and exist in the objective environment.
Jürgen Habermas’s postconventional constractarianism as cosmopolitan constitutionalism
Authors: Cern Karolina M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In the course of this paper article I shall depict in what way Jürgen Habermas’s application of the discourse theory to the democratic polity transforms the contractarian theoretical framework, presuming, however, that the reader is familiar with the general theoretical framework and the basic concepts characteristic for this political tradition. Moreover, I will also show that the relevance of this transformation consists in delivering a justification of a kind of cosmopolitan constitutionalism.
Strategic actions according to Jürgen Habermas – some critical remarks from the transcendental-pragmatic procedure viewpoint
Authors: Filipiak Magdalena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the primacy of communicative rationality in relation to other forms of rationality and to determine the status of openly strategic actions in the concept of Jürgen Habermas. In the theory of communicative actions, Habermas focuses on actions secretively strategic, recognizing them as “parasitic” in relation to communicative actions and explains the prevalence of communicative actions on the grounds of the theory of speech acts, in particular the concept of illocutionary force, the category of “social binding force”, or practice in the lifeworld. By the same, Karl-Otto Apel challenges Habermas that he has skipped explicitly strategic class of actions, which entails the inadequacy of the justification for the status of communicative rationality. This raises a doubt – why should non-strategic actions take precedence over strategic ones? Karl-Otto Apel replies to this question with the help of transcendental-pragmatic procedure of an ultimate justification.
Manuel Castells’ theory of information society as media theory
Authors: Kirtiklis Kęstas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The present article deals with one of the most elaborated theories of information society, proposed by Manuel Castells. Castells defines the present social landscape as the Information Age, in which human societies perform their activities in a new technological paradigm and argues that this landscape was brought about by the revolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) at the second half of the 20th century. I argue that Castells first and foremost theorizes these new ICT (in the vein of media theorist Marshall Mc-Luhan) and discerns their three main features – network logic, timeless time and space of flows which are visible only in the interaction of media and society. Therefore, Castells’ ICT / media theory serves as a kind of methodological framework for his theory of the information society.