bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of hepatitis E virus genotype 3
Authors: Nicot Florence , Jeanne Nicolas , Roulet Alain , Lefebvre Caroline , Carcenac Romain , Manno Maxime , Dubois Martine , Kamar Nassim , Lhomme Sébastien , Abravanel Florence , Izopet Jacques 
Published: June 2018

SummaryHepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV‐3) can lead to chronic infection in immunocompromised patients, and ribavirin is the treatment of choice. Recently, mutations in the polymerase gene have been associated with ribavirin failure but their frequency before treatment according to HEV‐3 subtypes has not been studied on a large data set. We used single‐molecule real‐time sequencing technology to sequence 115 new complete genomes of HEV‐3 infecting French patients. We analyzed phylogenetic relationships, the length of the polyproline region, and mutations in the HEV polymerase gene. Eighty‐five (74%) were in the clade HEV‐3efg, 28 (24%) in HEV‐3chi clade, and 2 (2%) in HEV‐3ra clade. Using automated partitioning of maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees, complete genomes were classified into subtypes. Polyproline region length differs within HEV‐3 clades (from 189 to 315 nt). Investigating mutations in the polymerase gene, distinct polymorphisms between HEV‐3 subtypes were found (G1634R in 95% of HEV‐3e, G1634K in 56% of HEV‐3ra, and V1479I in all HEV‐3efg, clade HEV‐3ra, and HEV‐3k strains). Subtype‐specific polymorphisms in the HEV‐3 polymerase have been identified. Our study provides new complete genome sequences of HEV‐3 that could be useful for comparing strains circulating in humans and the animal reservoir.
Distributed adaptive fault‐tolerant leader‐following formation control of nonlinear uncertain second‐order multi‐agent systems
Authors: Khalili Mohsen , Zhang Xiaodong , Cao Yongcan , Polycarpou Marios M. , Parisini Thomas 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a distributed integrated fault diagnosis and accommodation scheme for leader‐following formation control of a class of nonlinear uncertain second‐order multi‐agent systems. The fault model under consideration includes both process and actuator faults, which may evolve abruptly or incipiently. The time‐varying leader communicates with a small subset of follower agents, and each follower agent communicates to its directly connected neighbors through a bidirectional network with possibly asymmetric weights. A local fault diagnosis and accommodation component are designed for each agent in the distributed system, which consists of a fault detection and isolation module and a reconfigurable controller module comprised of a baseline controller and two adaptive fault‐tolerant controllers, activated after fault detection and after fault isolation, respectively. By using appropriately the designed Lyapunov functions, the closed‐loop stability and asymptotic convergence properties of the leader‐follower formation are rigorously established under different modes of the fault‐tolerant control system.
Synthesis of Novel Thiophene‐Chalcone Derivatives as Anticancer‐ and Apoptosis‐Inducing Agents
Authors: Duddukuri Nandan Kumar , Thatikonda Sowjanya , Godugu Chandraiah , Kumar Rathod Aravind , Doijad. Nandkumar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA series of new thiophene linked chalcone hybrids has been designed and synthesized. The key intermediate thiophene‐2‐carbaldehyde 13 was synthesized by coupling furan and phenyl ring via Suzuki reaction. The new scaffolds were synthesized by base catalyzed condensation reaction from key intermediate with various substituted acetophenones to build the chalcone core. The conversion in this synthesis involves the following steps (i) Selective bromination, (ii) regioselective Suzuki coupling (iii) Various aromatic substituents were introduced by classical aldol condensation. We screened all compounds of this thiophene‐chalcone derivatives (15 a‐n) in selected cancer cell lines viz. Human breast (MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐453) prostate cancer (PC‐3), lung (A549). The screened compounds showed good anticancer activity on two of the studied cell lines with best IC50 values of thiophene‐chalcone derivative 15 e (6.3±0.9 μM) on A549 and with GI50 values of compound 15 e (1.9±0.3 μM) on A549 cells. This strategy is operationally simple and works with a diverse range of substrates and warrants future investigations for further anticancer drug development.
H2O‐Mediated Epoxide Ring‐Opening with Concomitant C–S Bond Formation: A One‐Pot Method to 3‐Hydroxy‐oxindolino‐dithiocarbamates as Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Bhandari Sonal , Katore Amol Rajaram , Bajaj Deepti Madanlal , Sharma Pankaj , Talla Venu , Shankaraiah Nagula 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA simple and efficient one‐pot protocol for the synthesis of a library of 3‐hydroxy‐oxindolino‐dithiocarbamate hybrids has been developed and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity potential against selected human cancer cell lines. This one‐pot reaction takes place via regiospecific spiro‐epoxide ring‐opening with concomitant C–S bond formation by an in situ generation of dithiocarbamate intermediate. Gratifyingly, the reaction has been accelerated efficiently in water medium without using any catalyst or base and enable higher yields, atom‐economy, greener synthesis and offers diverse substrate scope. Among the tested compounds, one of the representative compounds 4 p with a chloro substitution and N‐p‐CN‐benzyl on oxindole nucleus displayed potent in vitro cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 (breast cancer cells) with an IC50 value of 2.1 ± 0.4 μM. Moreover, the promising candidate 4 p induce G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on MCF‐7 cells, as determined by AO‐EB and DAPI staining as well as annexin binding studies
Convenient Au(III)‐Catalysed Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐3‐diethoxy‐phosphoryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Murashkina Arina V. , Mitrofanov Alexander Yu. , Grishin Yuri K. , Rybakov Victor B. , Beletskaya Irina P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe report here convenient approach to the synthesis of 1‐alkyl‐3‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines through cyclization of alkynylsubstituted α‐aminophosphonates in the presence of AuCl3 with following reduction by NaBH4. Starting alkynylsubstituted α‐aminophosphonates were easily synthesized by using Sonogashira reaction of diethyl (1‐((diphenylmethylene)‐amino)‐2‐(2‐iodophenyl)ethyl)phosphonate with series of terminal alkynes. The 1‐alkyl‐3‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines with different alkyl substituents were obtained as two enantiomers with cis‐configuration in good yields.
One Second Formation of Large Area Graphene on a Conical Tip Surface via Direct Transformation of Surface Carbide
Authors: Ge Yifei , Xu Lele , Lu Xing , Xu Jianxun , Liang Jianbo , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGraphene functionalized nanotips are expected to possess promising potential for various applications based on the outstanding electrical and mechanical properties of graphene. However, current methods, usually requiring a high growth temperature and identical crystal surface to match graphene lattice, are suitable for graphene formation on a flat surface. It remains a big challenge to grow graphene on a nanosized convex surface and fabricate functionalized nanotips with high quality graphene at the apex. In this work, a novel ultrafast annealing method is developed for growing large area graphene on Ni nanotips within 1–2 s. Few layered or multiple layered graphene is presented on the apex or sidewall of the conical tip surface. Direct experimental evidences support that thus‐produced graphene is formed via the direct conversion of nickel carbide at the outer surface under the instantaneous high temperature, which is different from the conventional segregation mechanism. This newly developed ultrafast method provides a new route to produce graphene efficiently and economically, promising for both convex surfaces and flat substrates. Moreover, the graphene functionalized nanotips exhibit a great potential for nanoelectrical measurements and conductive scanning probe microscopy (SPM) applications.
Physics of failure‐based failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis for Integrated Circuits
Authors: Qiu Wenhao , Lian Guangyao , Xue Mingxi , Huang Kaoli 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExisting failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) methods, which still rely mainly on failure data and the empirical information of designers, suffer from subjectivity and inflexibility, which makes the application of these methods on electronic equipment, especially integrated circuit‐based equipment, less credible. Therefore, the idea of physics of failure (PoF)‐based FMECA is presented. First, the relationship between typical failure modes and the failure mechanisms of integrated circuits is analyzed. Based on the results, pseudo‐random samples are generated using a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Then, the hybrid hypothesis test method is proposed to determine the failure distribution function, and then a mixed failure rate model based on failure factors is established to calculate the rates of failure modes. This method is applied to a main control module of a control system to correct the original FMECA results. Results show that this method has good applicability to the FMECA of integrated circuits and can obtain more objective and accurate analysis results compared to traditional methods, while being more applicable for testability verification tests.
On the Development of a Harmonized, User-Centered Terminology for Current and Upcoming ICT Devices, Services and Applications
Authors: von Niman Bruno , Böcker Martin , Boveda Angel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUnfamiliar terms used in the user interface (UI) of an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) device, service or application may present an obstacle to users, if unfamiliar with them or uncertain about their technical meaning and intended functionality. The availability of a harmonised, user-centred terminology benefits users with functional variations, such as those with literacy difficulties, or people with varying visual needs or cognitive capabilities. This paper presents on-going standardization work, focusing on improving the overall usability and accessibility through the development of recommendations addressing terminology harmonization among devices, services and applications to a well-defined degree, in areas not intended to convey a certain brand-specific feature or image.
Completion, Comments and Repurposing a Digital Accessibility MOOC
Authors: Draffan E. A. , Leon Manuel , James Abi , Aljaloud Saud , Wald Mike 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe ‘massive’ and ‘open’ nature of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) can provide powerful dissemination tools to raise awareness of topics in need of public attention, such as digital accessibility and its impact on assistive technology users. The subject is a wide-ranging one when taught from the point of view of those who may have sensory, physical and/or cognitive impairments coping with a myriad of digital activities on a daily basis. These may range from creating and viewing documents, surfing the web to using a mobile or a washing machine. An analysis of the interactions and learning experiences of those who completed the FutureLearn Digital Accessibility MOOC was conducted, using a combination of statistical and qualitative methods. Preliminary results indicate a progressive loss of participants over time, which is to be expected with MOOCs. However, certain measures such as the number of comments per participant, completed steps, and the “likes” count suggest a relatively high degree of engagement from this particular learning community. After examining the topics that triggered most participation, a suggestion has been formulated to repurpose parts of the course in order to exploit its most engaging sections and offer alternative forms of support for those activities that required more explanation.
Introducing an Emotion-Driven Assistance System for Cognitively Impaired Individuals
Authors: Hantke Simone , Cohrs Christian , Schmitt Maximilian , Tannert Benjamin , Lütkebohmert Florian , Detmers Mathias , Schelhowe Heidi , Schuller Björn 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMental, neurological and/or physical disabilities often affect individuals’ cognitive processes, which in turn can introduce difficulties with remembering what they have learnt. Therefore, completing trivial daily tasks can be challenging and supervision or help from others is constantly needed. In this regard, these individuals with special needs can benefit from nowadays advanced assistance techniques. Within this contribution, a language-driven, workplace integrated, assistance system is being proposed, supporting disabled individuals in the handling of certain activities while taking into account their emotional-cognitive constitution and state. In this context, we present a set of baseline results for emotion recognition tasks and conduct machine learning experiments to benchmark the performance of an automatic emotion recognition system on the collected data. We show that this is a challenging task that can nevertheless be tackled with state-of-the-art methodologies.
Effectiveness of Tactile Scatter Plots: Comparison of Non-visual Data Representations
Authors: Watanabe Tetsuya , Mizukami Hikaru 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe goal of making a scatter plot is to visually identify the type of relationship between two quantitative variables quickly. To explore whether a scatter plot can achieve this goal when it is made in the form of a tactile graph and presented to blind people, we conducted an experiment in which x-y data sets were presented to blind participants in three data representations: tactile graph, tactile table, and electronic table, and the participants were asked to identify the type of relationship between two variables. Under all presentation conditions, the correct rates were high: it was 92.5% for the tactile graph condition and 85.0% for the tactile table and electronic table conditions. Tactile graphs were understood with the shortest time, tactile tables with the second shortest, and electronic tables needed the longest time. This differences were due to the different strategies for identifying the relationships. Both tactile graph and tactile table conditions gained higher subjective ratings than the electronic table condition.
Erratum to: Mapping mountain areas: learning from Global, European and Norwegian perspectives
Authors: Price Martin F. , Arnesen Tor , Gløersen Erik , Metzger Marc J. 
Published: June 2018

The article Mapping mountain areas: learning from Global, European and Norwegian perspectives, written by Martin F. PRICE, Tor ARNESEN, Erik GLØERSEN and Marc J. METZGER, was originally erroneously published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on May 21st 2018 without open access.When the mistake was discovered the copyright of the article changed in June 2018 to © The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been corrected.
Self-control and demand for commitment in online game playing: evidence from a field experiment
Authors: Acland Dan , Chow Vinci 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe conduct an experiment on an online game, exploring the effect on gameplay behavior of voluntary commitment devices that allow players to limit their gameplay. Approximately 25% of players use the devices. Median and 75th percentile device users use devices approximately 60 and 100% of the time, respectively. Players who chose to use the device were those who had previously played longer and more frequently than those who chose not to use the device. Offering the commitment devices decreased session length and session frequency by 2.8 and 6.1%, respectively, while increasing weeks of play by 5.5%. Our results are consistent with some players having self-identified self-control problems, leading to longer and more frequent play than they would prefer, and to demand for commitment, and also with commitment devices creating a more rewarding experience, leading to longer-lasting involvement with the game. Our results suggest incentivizing or requiring commitment devices in computer games.
Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes in Patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Hébert Julien , Day Gregory S. , Steriade Claude , Wennberg Richard A. , Tang-Wai David F. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackground: A need exists to characterise the long-term cognitive outcomes in patients who recovered from autoimmune encephalitis and to identify the modifiable factors associated with improved outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis in our outpatient autoimmune encephalitis clinic over a 5-year period, where the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is routinely administered. Results: In total, 21 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 52% had persistent cognitive impairment at their latest follow-up (median delay to testing=20 months, range 13-182). Visuospatial and executive abilities, language, attention, and delayed recall were predominantly affected. Patients with status epilepticus at presentation had lower total MoCA scores at their last follow-up (median total score 21, range 15-29) compared with patients without status epilepticus at presentation (median total score 27.5, range 21-30; r2=0.366, p=0.004). Patients who experienced delays of more than 60 days from symptom onset to initiation of treatment (either immunosuppression or tumour removal) were more likely to have a MoCA score compatible with cognitive impairment at their last follow-up (r2=0.253, p=0.0239; z-score=−2.01, p=0.044). Conclusions: Our study suggests that the MoCA may be used to evaluate cognition in recovering patients with autoimmune encephalitis. Delays to treatment shorter than 60 days and absence of status epilepticus at onset were associated with better performance on the MoCA obtained more than 1 year after symptom onset, and may predict better long-term cognitive outcomes.
Knowledge, Power and System in Hegel and Foucault: The Hegelian Impact on Foucault’s Theories of Power
Authors: Vallebona Giovanni , Weber Bernadette 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe following article will broach the issue of the relation between Hegel and Foucault based on the binomial knowledge-power. While for Hegel human knowledge comes with the development of consciousness, for Foucault the possibility of knowledge is articulated within a phenomenology of power. While for Hegel Bildung leads spirit to self-consciousness, Foucault initially considers formation to be connected to a forced correction. At first Foucault studies the problem of formation in view of the dynamics of power, as a faculty of repression; later he underlines that the exchange between the sovereign and the advisor positively influences the decisions of the latter, as well as their personal growth. Foucault points out the connection between truth and freedom, and emphasizes the fundamental role of parresia as a force to break the system of power relations.
Effects of environmental temperature and dietary zinc on egg production performance, egg quality and antioxidant status and expression of heat-shock proteins in tissues of broiler breeders
Authors: Liao Xiudong , Li Wenxiang , Zhu Yongwen , Zhang Liyang , Lu Lin , Lin Xi , Luo Xugang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo investigate the effects of environmental temperature and dietary Zn on egg production performance, egg quality and antioxidant status, as well as expression of heat-shock proteins (HSP) in tissues, of laying broiler breeders, we used a completely randomised design with a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments. The two environmental temperatures were normal (21±1°C, NT) and high (32±1°C, HT). The three dietary Zn sources were a Zn-unsupplemented basal diet (CON), and the basal diet supplemented with 110 mg Zn/kg as either the inorganic Zn sulphate (iZn) or the organic Zn proteinate with a moderate chelation strength (oZn). HT decreased (P<0·002) egg weight, laying rate, eggshell strength, thickness and weight, but increased (P≤0·05) rectal temperature, broken egg rate, misshapen egg rate, feed:egg ratio, Cu Zn superoxide dismutase activities in liver and pancreas, as well as metallothionein (MT) level in pancreas, andHSP70mRNA levels in liver and pancreas of laying broiler breeders. Broiler breeders fed the oZn diet had higher (P<0·04) Zn content in the liver, as well as MT levels in the liver and pancreas, compared with those fed the CON diet. Under HT, broiler breeders fed the oZn diet had higher (P<0·05) Zn content in the pancreas compared with those fed the iZn and CON diets. The results from this study indicated that HT impaired egg production performance and eggshell quality possibly because of the disturbed redox balance andHSPhomoeostasis, whereas the oZn is more available than the iZn for pancreatic Zn of heat-stressed laying broiler breeders.
First geochemical and geochronological characterization of Late Cretaceous mesosilicic magmatism in Gastre, Northern Patagonia, and its tectonic relation to other coeval volcanic rocks in the region
Authors: ZAFFARANA CLAUDIA , LAGORIO SILVIA , ORTS DARÍO , BUSTEROS ALICIA , NIETO DIEGO SILVA , GIACOSA RAÚL , RUIZ GONZÁLEZ VÍCTOR , BOLTSHAUSER BÁRBARA , PUIGDOMENECH NEGRE CARLA , SOMOZA RUBÉN , HALLER MIGUEL 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis work characterizes Late Cretaceous calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in Gastre, Northern Patagonia, Argentina. These newly found porphyritic rocks bear an 40Ar–39Ar amphibole age of ~ 74–76 Ma, a subduction-type geochemical signature and a deep, garnet-bearing source. Extruded in a stage of low magmatic activity in the Northern Patagonian Andes (~ 41–44° S), they could represent an eastward migration of the Late Cretaceous magmatic arc that was associated with a regional compressive deformational stage in the South American margin.
Digitalisation and human security dimensions in cybersecurity: an appraisal for the European High North
Authors: Salminen Mirva , Hossain Kamrul 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTOverarching digitalisation is producing significant socio-cultural, economic and policy changes in the European High North. These changes create new opportunities, but also challenges and concerns for people and communities living in the region. Digital development is guided by supranational, national and regional digital policies and is secured through national cybersecurity agendas. These frameworks concentrate on advancing overall economic growth and safeguarding critical information infrastructure and information security, but pay inadequate attention to the interests, needs and fears of people and communities experiencing digitalisation in everyday life. In order to generate a more comprehensive cybersecurity agenda, which focuses on human security and empowering people to influence the digital development, a research framework highlighting the actual ways people use, wish to use, or are unable to use information and communication technologies is needed. The focus of this article is therefore on regionally contextualised digital opportunities and threats as they may be experienced by local people and communities. It utilises insights of securitisation theory to grant people a say in the direction of digital development in their region. The aim is to introduce issues of human security to cybersecurity agendas, for a more comprehensive understanding of the societal changes that digitalisation generates.