bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate histopathologic follow‐up of cervista and aptima high‐risk HPV assays in women with LSIL cytology
Authors: Zhang Huina , Varma Kavita R. , Han Min , Matsko Jonee , Zhao Chengquan 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDRecent guidelines recommended the optional deferral of colposcopy for postmenopausal women with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) Papanicolaou (Pap) test results and negative human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. The objective of the current study was to assess the histopathologic follow‐up of Cervista and Aptima high‐risk HPV (hrHPV) testing in patients with LSIL cytology.METHODSWomen with LSIL Pap test results and Cervista or Aptima hrHPV testing results were retrospectively identified from June 2013 through July 2017. Histological follow‐up results within 6 months after LSIL Pap tests were analyzed.RESULTSA total of 1731 and 1906 cases of LSIL Pap tests, respectively, were tested on Cervista and Aptima platforms. Among the 2119 cases with histopathologic follow‐up, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of types 2/3 (CIN2/3) was diagnosed in 184 women (8.9%) and the detection rate was significantly higher in women with positive HPV testing compared with those with a negative result on both assays. Both methods demonstrated comparable performance for detecting CIN2/3 lesions. However, in women aged ≥50 years, the specificity for the detection of CIN2/3 lesions by the Aptima assay was statistically significantly higher than that of the Cervista test (48.7% vs 23.1%; P<.01), although there were no significant differences in the sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value between these 2 assays in this age group.CONCLUSIONSThe Aptima assay was found to be statistically significantly more specific than the Cervista test for detecting CIN2/3 lesions among women aged ≥50 years. These findings not only further support the recommendations by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology that hrHPV triage is an acceptable option for postmenopausal women with LSIL cytology, but also provide additional evidence that HPV RNA testing may be more useful in clinical risk stratification due to its specificity in the postmenopausal population. Cancer Cytopathol 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Monitoring the Effects of Pharmacological Reagents on Mitochondrial Morphology
Authors: Fu Dong , Lippincott‐Schwartz Jennifer 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis protocol describes how to apply appropriate pharmacological controls to induce mitochondrial fusion or fission in studies of mitochondria morphology for four different mammalian cell types, HepG2 human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells, MCF7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells, HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells, and collagen sandwich culture of primary rat hepatocytes. The protocol provides methods of treating cells with these pharmacological controls, staining mitochondria with commercially available MitoTracker Green and TMRE dyes, and imaging the mitochondrial morphology in live cells using a confocal fluorescent microscope. It also describes the cell culture methods needed for this protocol. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Adsorption of Hydrogen Sulfide, Hydrosulfide and Sulfide at Cu(110) ‐ Polarizability and Cooperativity Effects. First Stages of Formation of a Sulfide Layer.
Authors: Lousada Cláudio M. , Johansson Adam Johannes , Korzhavyi Pavel A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the surface site preference for single adsorbates, the interactions between adsorbates, how these interactions affect surface site specificity in adsorption and perturb the electronic states of surfaces is important for rationalizing the structure of interfaces and the growth of surface products. Herein, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we investigated the adsorption of H2S, HS and, S onto Cu(110). The surface site specificity observed for single adsorbates can be largely affected by the presence of other adsorbates, especially S that can affect the adsorption of other species even at distances of 13 Å. The large supercell employed with a surface periodicity of (6×6) allowed us to safely use the Helmholtz method for the determination of the dipole of the surface‐adsorbate complex at low adsorbate coverages. We found that the surface perturbation induced by S can be explained by the charge transfer model, H2S leads to a perturbation of the surface that arises mostly from Pauli exclusion effects, whereas HS shows a mix of charge transfer and Pauli exclusion effects. These effects have a large contribution to the long range adsorbate‐adsorbate interactions observed. Further support for the long range adsorbate‐adsorbate interactions are the values of the adsorption energies of adsorbate pairs that are larger than the sum of the adsorption energies of the single adsorbates that constitute the pair. This happens even for large distances and thus goes beyond the H‐bond contribution for the H‐bond capable adsorbate pairs. Exploiting this knowledge we investigated two models for describing the first stages of growth of a layer of S‐atoms at the surface: the formation of islands versus the formation of more homogeneous surface distributions of S‐atoms. We found that for coverages lower than 0.5 ML the S‐atoms prefer to cluster as islands that evolve to stripes along the [1
0] direction with increasing coverage. At 0.5 ML a homogeneous distribution of S‐atoms becomes more stable than the formation of stripes. For the coverage equivalent to 1 ML, the formation of two half‐monolayers of S‐atoms that disrupt the Cu−Cu bonds between the first and second layer is more favorable than the formation of 1 ML homogeneous coverage of S‐atoms. Here the S−Cu bond distances and geometries are reminiscent of pyrite, covellite, and to some extent chalcocite. The small energy difference of ≈0.1 eV that exists between this structure and the formation of 1 ML suggests that in a real system at finite temperature both structures may coexist leading to a structure with even lower symmetry.
Shigella Pathogenesis Modeling with Tissue Culture Assays
Authors: Koestler Benjamin J. , Ward Cara M. , Payne Shelley M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractShigella is an enteroinvasive human pathogen that infects the colonic epithelium and causes Shigellosis, an infectious diarrheal disease. There is no vaccine for the prevention or treatment of Shigellosis and antibiotic‐resistant strains of Shigella are increasing, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of Shigella pathogenesis in order to design effective antimicrobial therapies. Small animal models do not recapitulate Shigellosis, therefore tissue‐cultured cells have served as model systems to study Shigella pathogenesis. Here, protocols to enumerate Shigella invasion, cell‐cell spread, and plaque formation in the tissue‐cultured cell lines Henle‐407 and CoN‐841 are described. Additionally, a new method to study Shigella invasion in primary intestinal enteroids is described. These protocols can be used to examine different aspects of Shigella virulence. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Poly‐L‐lysine Coated Surfaces for Ultrasensitive Nucleic Acid Detection
Authors: Kuralay Filiz , Dükar Nilgün , Bayramlı Yaşar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPoly‐L‐lysine is one of the biocompatible polymers having amino and carboxyl groups in its structure. This attractive feature of poly‐L‐lysine makes it very convenient for bioactive molecule attachment. This study details the preparation of poly‐L‐lysine‐based pencil graphite electrodes (PLL/PGEs) and use of the coated electrodes for direct ultrasensitive DNA hybridization detection. In the first part of this study, poly‐L‐lysine coated electrodes were prepared using L‐lysine as the monomer by cyclic voltammetry (CV) with different cyclic scans. The effect of these cyclic scans during the electropolymerization was investigated. Coated electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, one‐pot preparation of poly‐L‐lysine composites with graphene (GN) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) onto the pencil graphite electrodes were achieved. Electrochemical responses of these 3 electrodes were compared. After all, electrochemical DNA hybridization was performed using the poly‐L‐lysine‐based electrodes prepared at optimum polymerization condition. The PLL/PGE coated electrode presented a good linear response in the target concentration range of 1.0×10−13 to 1.0×10−6 with a detection limit of 2.25×10−14 using differential pulse voltammetry as the detection method. We believe that poly‐L‐lysine‐based surfaces will be useful for further clinical applications.
Selective forgetting of self‐threatening statements: Mnemic neglect for dementia information in people with mild dementia
Authors: Cheston Richard , Dodd Emily , Christopher Gary , Jones Charlie , Wildschut Tim , Sedikides Constantine 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveWe tested whether people with dementia manifest selective forgetting for self‐threatening information, the mnemic neglect effect (MNE). This selective forgetting is observed among healthy adults in the recall, but not the recognition, of self‐threatening feedback.MethodsSixty‐four statements about dementia were rated for their level of negativity by 280 staff and students at University of the West of England. The 12 statements rated as most negative and the 12 statements rated as least negative were then read to 62 people with dementia. Participants were randomized to 1 of 2 conditions with the statements referring either to self or to another person. High‐negativity and self‐referent statements had strong threat potential. Participants recalled the statements and then completed a recognition task, which consisted of the 24 previously read statements and 24 new statements.ResultsParticipants manifested the MNE: They recalled fewer high‐negativity (compared with low‐negativity) statements, but only when these referred to the self rather than another person. This pattern occurred independently of levels of depression or anxiety. Participants also made more self‐protective intrusion errors when the statements referred to the self than another person. Participants did not differ in their recognition of statements.ConclusionThe MNE occurs among people with dementia. The selective forgetting of highly negative, self‐referent statements serves to protect the self against the threat that dementia represents. Given the similarities between the MNE and the clinical phenomenon of repression, the findings may mark psychological processes that are implicated in the acceptance (or lack thereof) of a dementia diagnosis.
Expression of microRNAs and IRAK1 pathway genes are altered in gastric cancer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Hesari AmirReza , Ghasemi Faezeh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is among the most common cancer types in the world and one of the most lethal gastrointestinal cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be of great importance in the early detection of GC. This study aimed to investigate some miRNAs and the genes involved in IRAK1 pathways in the serum of GC patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections compared to the control group. Total RNA was extracted from the serum of GC patients with H. pylori infection and healthy volunteers. The expression levels of miRNAs and the genes were assessed using Real time RT‐PCR with specific primers. Our data showed that miR‐146, miR‐375, and Let‐7 were down‐regulated and miR‐19 and miR‐21 were up‐regulated in GC patients with H. pylori infection. Other genes involved in the pathways such as RAS, MYC, NFKB, JUN, TRAF6, and IRAK4 were overexpressed; while the expression of PTEN gene was decreased compared to the control group. Expression of miRNAs and IRAK1 pathway genes are altered in patients with GC and H. pylori infection. This suggests a potential role for the above‐mentioned miRNAs and genes in the diagnosis of GC.
Synthesis of Substituted Quinolinyl Ether‐based Inhibitors of PI3K as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Aggile Kadirappa , Alagumuthu Manikandan , Mundre Reddy Sailaja , Napoleon Ayyakannu Arumugam 
Published: May 2018

A new strategy for the preparation of 8‐quinolyl ethers 3(a–g), 5(a–g), and 7(a–d) was studied by copper (II)‐catalyzed methodology in the presence of Cs2CO3 and acetone–water mixture (1:1). Screening of quinolinyl‐8‐ethers was investigated against anticancer expressive studies to validate new chemical entity in medicinal chemistry. Approaches were evaluated against breast cancer (MCF‐7), skin cancer (G‐361), and colon cancer (HCT 116) cell lines. Inhibitory potentials against phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K) enzyme responsible for cancer development have been evaluated by competitive ELISA studies. In PI3K assay, 3a–c were inactive (IC50 > 5 μM), while 3e–g, 5a, 5c–e, 5g, 7a, and 7d showed a moderate activity (IC50 ≥ 0.05 μM). Compounds (5b, 5f, 7b, and 7c) showed significant activity (IC50 < 1.0 μM); thus, their anticancer activities were carried out. Anticancer activity was found to be selective towards breast cancer (MCF‐7); 5b, 5f, 7b, and 7c showed predominant relative percentage activities of 74.12%, 79.04%, 72.56%, and 78.47%, with IC50 values of 5b (2.27 ± 0.88 μM), 5f (1.38 ± 0.60 μM), 7b (2.64 ± 0.86 μM), and 7c (1.87 ± 0.68 μM) compared with the standard doxorubicin 73.14% inhibition (IC50 = 1.98 ± 0.75 μM). Docking study also conducted to find out the binding interactions with p110α (PDB ID: 3T8M) enzyme. Compounds 5b, 5f, 7b, and 7c showed best docking score into the active site of PI3K 12.59, 10.51, 56.52, and 8.61 nM. Structure–activity relationship studies demonstrated that the synthesized compounds are the potential PI3K inhibitors to treat various cancer‐related diseases.
Palladium Catalyzed Tricyclohexylphosphine Ligand Associated Synthesis of N‐(2‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]‐pyridin‐6‐yl‐(substituted)‐sulfonamide Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents
Authors: Pawar Chandrakant D. , Sarkate Aniket P. , Karnik Kshipra S. , Shinde Devanand B. 
Published: May 2018

A series of novel N‐(2‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]‐pyridin‐6‐yl‐(substituted)‐sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized from 2‐bromo‐6‐nitro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]pyridine through a series of reactions including Suzuki reaction, reduction, protection, and sulfonamide coupling. All the synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer activity against MCF‐7, HeLa, A‐549, and Du‐145 cancer cell lines by the MTT assay. The preliminary bioassay suggests that most of the compounds show antiproliferation with different degrees. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. Among the synthesized compounds, 8d and 8h were most active compared with the standard in cell line data. The synthesized compounds 8d and 8h show IC50 values in the range of 1.88–5.16 μM for all the cell lines. Compounds 8d and 8h were further studied for a panel of eight human kinase at 10 μM concentrations and the result shows 64% to 70% inhibitions for both Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B kinase.
Exploring the inhibition mechanism on HIF‐2 by inhibitor PT2399 and 0X3 using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sun Dong‐Ru , Wang Zhi‐Jun , Zheng Qing‐Chuan , Zhang Hong‐Xing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTargeting transcription factors HIF‐2 is currently considered to be the most direct way for the therapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The preclinical inhibitor PT2399 and artificial inhibitor 0X3 have been identified as promising on‐target inhibitors to inhibit the heterodimerization of HIF‐2. However, the inhibition mechanism of PT2399 and 0X3 on HIF‐2 remains unclear. To this end, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular docking were applied to investigate the effects of 2 inhibitors on structural motifs and heterodimerization of HIF‐2. Our simulation results reveal that the binding of inhibitors disrupts the crucial hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions of interdomain of HIF‐2 heterodimer due to the local conformational changes of binding interface, confirming the hypothesis that the perturbation of few residues is sufficient to disrupt the heterodimerization of HIF‐2. In addition, it can be found that PT2399 with dominant substituents (cyano, fluorine, sulfuryl, and hydroxyl) is more preferred than 0X3 as HIF‐2 inhibitor and these substituents play a crucial role in involving more hydrogen bond interactions with residues of interface and then cause the larger structural change of protein. This study may provide a deeper atomic‐level insight into the effect of on‐target inhibitors on HIF‐2 heterodimer, which is expected to contribute to further rational design of effective clear cell renal cell carcinoma drugs.
Rapid design and modelling of wideband sinuous antenna reflector feeds through blended rational interpolation
Authors: Cuyt Annie , Louw Ridalise , Segers Christophe , de Villiers Dirk 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper describes the design of sinuous antenna reflector feeds using blended rational interpolation. The blended rational interpolation method is developed to interpolate a sparse set of high‐fidelity (HF) data while following the trends of a denser set of low‐fidelity (LF) data. The HF data are obtained by full‐wave computational electromagnetics simulations of the input impedance of a pyramidal sinuous antenna above a ground plane, while the LF data are obtained, at a significantly reduced computational cost, through simulations of a truncated version of the same antenna. Comparisons with other interpolation schemes, both for HF as well as for multifidelity data sets, are presented. It is shown that the blended rational interpolation scheme presented herein yields improved accuracy in most cases. A design example is also presented where a global model of the maximum input reflection coefficient over frequency is built over the design space and thus used to identify the region of acceptable performance. Comparisons with a validation set of HF data resulted in similar results, with the blended rational interpolation model requiring significantly shorter computer simulation time.
Arthroplasty implant registries over the past five decades: Development, current, and future impact
Authors: Malchau Henrik , Garellick Göran , Berry Daniel , Harris William H. , Robertson Otto , Kärrlholm Johan , Lewallen David , Bragdon Charles R. , Lidgren Lars , Herberts Peter 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTLocal, regional, and national registries have played an important role in the development of hip and knee arthroplasty and the treatment of patients with various maladies of these joints. Four arthroplasty registries stand out as leading forces behind the drive to popularize the use of registries and pursue the concept of evidence based medicine. The Mayo registry, started by Mark Coventry, is recognized as the oldest continuing registry for arthroplasty. The Harris Registry at Massachusetts General Hospital, along with the Mayo Registry, has greatly contributed to the advancement of arthroplasty surgery and have served an important role of identifying poorly performing implants and techniques in the United States. The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Registry is the oldest national registry dedicated to joint arthroplasty and along with the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Registry have established the infrastructure, analysis and reporting mechanisms, and leadership that has enabled other countries to subsequently develop national registries around the world. As more countries have adopted the concept of national registries, a new area of research is possible by pooling the resources of large registries as is now occurring with the Nordic countries. Several international organizations have been formed to promote future collaboration and develop international standards. The process of globalization of registries is a result of continued efforts over the past 50 years in improving and disseminating the knowledge gained from the early registries. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2319–2330, 2018.
Patients with a previous total hip replacement experience less reduction of back pain following lumbar back surgery
Authors: Eneqvist Ted , Bülow Erik , Nemes Szilárd , Brisby Helena , Garellick Göran , Fritzell Peter , Rolfson Ola 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe coexistence of degenerative disorders from the hip joint and the lumbar spine, known as “the hip‐spine syndrome,” is a common encounter in clinical practice. These degenerative conditions may cause similar symptoms which often entail diagnostic challenges in determining the origin of pain. Lumbar back surgery (LBS) with fusion and/or decompression, and total hip replacement (THR) are both often successful interventions. However, the knowledge is limited about the post‐operative patient‐reported outcome (PRO) following LBS in the presence of a prior THR. The aims of this study were to compare 1‐year post‐operative patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) following lumbar back surgery (LBS) in patients with and without a prior total hip replacement (THR). Data from Swespine and the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register were linked in order to identify the study group of patients with THR prior to LBS. The study group (n = 220) and a matched control group (n = 220) with isolated LBS was defined by using a step‐wise selection process. Linear‐ and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and pre‐operative PROMs demonstrated that THR prior to LBS was associated with worse back‐pain (VAS) at 1‐year follow‐up (B = 5.3, 95%CI: 0.3;10.3). However, previous THR did not influence the EQ‐5D index (B = 0.01, 95%CI: −0.05;0.06), EQ VAS (B = −3.0, 95%CI: −6.9;1.0), leg pain (B = 1.5, 95%CI: −4.0;7.0), Oswestry Disability Index (B = 2.6, 95%CI: −0.5;5.6) or satisfaction (OR = 1.1, 97.5%CI 0.7;1.6). This knowledge is important to communicate prior to LBS in order to set proper expectations on surgical outcomes. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2484–2490, 2018.