bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The PAX6-ZEB2 axis promotes metastasis and cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT signaling
Authors: Wu Dong-ming , Zhang Ting , Liu Ya-bin , Deng Shi-hua , Han Rong , Liu Teng , Li Jing , Xu Ying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPaired-box 6 (PAX6) is an important transcription factor required for the function of human neuroectodermal epithelial tissues. Previous studies have suggested that it is also expressed in several types of tumors and has an oncogenic role. However, little is known about its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we found that PAX6 expression levels were upregulated in human lung cancer tissues and correlated with poor clinical outcomes. PAX6 overexpression significantly promoted NSCLC epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, whereas its knockdown inhibited these processes. PAX6 is commonly correlated with EMT-mediated stem cell transformation, thereby inducing cisplatin resistance. Using the RT2 Profiler PCR Array, we found that WNT5A, EGFR, and ZEB2 were differentially regulated in response to PAX6 modulation. In addition, PAX6 directly bound to the promoter region of ZEB2. ZEB2 knockdown significantly reduced the expression and function of PAX6. ZEB2 was upregulated upon PAX6 overexpression and downregulated upon PAX6 knockdown, whereas E-cadherin expression negatively correlated with PAX6 levels. Moreover, p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly enhanced by PAX6, which was reversed by the addition of the PI3K-AKT inhibitor, LY294002. These data suggest that PAX6 can mediate E-cadherin downregulation through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by directly binding the promoter region of ZEB2, thereby mediating cell migration, stem cell transformation, and cisplatin resistance; and ultimately, affecting survival in NSCLC patients.
Anti-IL-6 eluting immunomodulatory biomaterials prolong skin allograft survival
Authors: Uehara Mayuko , Li Xiaofei , Sheikhi Amir , Zandi Nooshin , Walker Brian , Saleh Bahram , Banouni Naima , Jiang Liwei , Ordikhani Farideh , Dai Li , Yonar Merve , Vohra Ishaan , Kasinath Vivek , Orgill Dennis P. , Khademhosseini Ali , Annabi Nasim , Abdi Reza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA primary goal in the management of burn wounds is early wound closure. The use of skin allografts represents a lifesaving strategy for severe burn patients, but their ultimate rejection limits their potential efficacy and utility. IL-6 is a major pleiotropic cytokine which critically links innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, we devised anti-IL-6 receptor eluting gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) biomaterials (GelMA/anti-IL-6), which were implanted at the interface between the wound beds and skin allografts. Our visible light crosslinked GelMA/anti-IL-6 immunomodulatory biomaterial (IMB) demonstrated a stable kinetic release profile of anti-IL-6. In addition, the incorporation of anti-IL-6 within the GelMA hydrogel had no effect on the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Using a highly stringent skin transplant model, the GelMA/anti-IL-6 IMB almost doubled the survival of skin allografts. The use of GelMA/anti-IL-6 IMB was far superior to systemic anti-IL-6 receptor treatment in prolonging skin allograft survival. As compared to the untreated control group, skin from the GelMA/anti-IL-6 IMB group contained significantly fewer alloreactive T cells and macrophages. Interestingly, the environmental milieu of the draining lymph nodes (DLNs) of the mice implanted with the GelMA/anti-IL-6 IMB was also considerably less pro-inflammatory. The percentage of CD4+ IFNγ+ cells was much lower in the DLNs of the GelMA/anti-IL-6 IMB group in comparison to the GelMA group. These data highlight the importance of localized immune delivery in prolonging skin allograft survival and its potential utility in treating patients with severe burns.
A new caudipterid from the Lower Cretaceous of China with information on the evolution of the manus of Oviraptorosauria
Authors: Qiu Rui , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Qiang , Li Ning , Zhang Jialiang , Ma Yiyun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCaudipteridae is a basal clade of Oviraptorosauria, all known species from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of northeastern China. They were one of the first feathered dinosaur groups discovered, and possessed avian-like pennaceous remiges and rectrices. Their discovery provided significant information on early oviraptorosaurian evolution and the origins of birds and feathers. Here we describe a new caudipterid species Xingtianosaurus ganqi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, China. This new taxon differs from other caudipterids by a small pleurocoel close to the dorsal edge of the lateral surface of the dorsal vertebrate centrum, a humerus longer than the scapula, a proportionally long ulna, a relatively small radiale angle, and a relatively short metacarpal I. The phylogenetic results shows X. ganqi is an early diverging caudipterid. It exhibits a mosaic morphology, providing new morphological information on early manual evolution of Oviraptorosauria, and giving new light on the evolution of radiale angle among Coelurosauria.
Warmer waters masculinize wild populations of a fish with temperature-dependent sex determination
Authors: Honeycutt J. L. , Deck C. A. , Miller S. C. , Severance M. E. , Atkins E. B. , Luckenbach J. A. , Buckel J. A. , Daniels H. V. , Rice J. A. , Borski R. J. , Godwin J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSouthern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) exhibit environmental sex determination (ESD), where environmental factors can influence phenotypic sex during early juvenile development but only in the presumed XX female genotype. Warm and cold temperatures masculinize fish with mid-range conditions producing at most 50% females. Due to sexually dimorphic growth, southern flounder fisheries are dependent upon larger females. Wild populations could be at risk of masculinization from ESD due to globally increasing water temperatures. We evaluated the effects of habitat and temperature on wild populations of juvenile southern flounder in North Carolina, USA. While northern habitats averaged temperatures near 23 °C and produced the greatest proportion of females, more southerly habitats exhibited warmer temperatures (>27 °C) and consistently produced male-biased sex ratios (up to 94% male). Rearing flounder in the laboratory under temperature regimes mimicking those of natural habitats recapitulated sex ratio differences observed across the wild populations, providing strong evidence that temperature is a key factor influencing sex ratios in nursery habitats. These studies provide evidence of habitat conditions interacting with ESD to affect a key demographic parameter in an economically important fishery. The temperature ranges that yield male-biased sex ratios are within the scope of predicted increases in ocean temperature under climate change.
Acute intraperitoneal infection with a hypervirulent Acinetobacter baumannii isolate in mice
Authors: Harris Greg , KuoLee Rhonda , Xu H. Howard , Chen Wangxue 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii infection has become a major cause of healthcare-associated infection and a critical pathogen in the WHO antimicrobial resistance research and development priority list. Catheter-related septicemia is one of the major clinical manifestations of A. baumannii infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we used a clinical A. baumannii strain (LAC-4) that is hypervirulent to immunocompetent C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice and established a mouse model of intraperitoneal (i.p.) A. baumannii infection. Our study showed that i.p. LAC-4 infection of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice induces a lethal or sublethal infection with high bacterial burdens in peritoneal cavity, blood and tissues and the infected mice either succumbed to the infection within 24 hours or completely recovered from the infection. The infection induces acute peritoneal recruitment of neutrophils and other innate immune cells, and the local and systemic production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-α, RANTES, MIP-1β, MCP-1, KC and IL-10). Mechanistic studies suggest an important role of macrophages in the host innate defense in this model in that in vitro stimulation of peritoneal macrophages with killed LAC-4 induced a similar pattern of cytokine/chemokine responses to those in the infected mice, and depletion of peritoneal macrophages rendered the mice significantly more susceptible to the infection. Thus, this mouse infection model will provide an alternative and useful tool for future pathogenesis studies of A. baumannii-associated septicemia and identification and characterization of important virulence factors, as well as serve as a surrogate model for rapid evaluation of novel therapeutics and vaccines for this emerging infectious agent.
Counseling Competencies in Audiology: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Meibos Alex , Muñoz Karen , Twohig Michael 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Counseling practices in audiology play a critical role in helping patients and families understand, accept, and adjust to the dynamic impacts ear-related disorders have on their lives. The purpose of this study was to identify what competencies (i.e., knowledge, skills, and attitudes) are important for audiologists to possess to provide effective counseling in practice.

Method
A modified Delphi study design was used to survey a panel of 33 professionals with expertise in audiologic counseling from 5 different countries. In the 1st survey round, experts were asked to respond to 3 open-ended prompts. Responses were condensed and revised into items experts were asked to rate during the 2nd and 3rd survey rounds, on a 6-point Likert scale of importance.

Results
A total of 819 items were generated from the open-ended prompts. A total of 72 items were included in the 2nd and 3rd rounds of survey instruments. Consensus was met on 64 audiologic counseling competency items.

Conclusions
The competency items identified in this study reflect important knowledge, skills, and attitudes that are important to audiologic counseling. Items that met consensus in this study can inform competencies audiology students can acquire during graduate training. Practice guidelines in the field currently lack the necessary clarity and detail needed for implementation of counseling competencies in clinical education. Future research is needed to explore factors important for implementation of evidence-based counseling training in graduate audiology programs.
Singing Proficiency of Members of a Choir Formed by Prelingually Deafened Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Yang Jing , Liang Qi , Chen Haotong , Liu Yanjun , Xu Li 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
A group of 10 prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants (CIs) formed a choir and received 21 months of formal music training. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the singing proficiency of these children.

Method
The participants included all choir members (7 girls and 3 boys, mean age of 9.5 years old) who were unilateral CI users. Meanwhile, 8 age-matched children with normal hearing were recruited as controls and were trained on 1 song for 2 weeks. Individual singing samples without instrument accompaniment were recorded from all participants. The singing samples were subject to acoustic analysis in which the fundamental frequency (F0) of each note was extracted and the duration was measured. Five metrics were developed and computed to quantify the accuracy of their pitch and rhythm performance. The 5 metrics included (a) percent correct of F0 contour direction of adjacent notes, (b) mean deviation of the normalized F0 across the notes, (c) mean deviation of the pitch intervals, (d) mean deviation of adjacent note duration ratio, and (e) mean absolute deviation of note duration.

Results
The choir members with CIs demonstrated high accuracy in both pitch and tempo measures and performed on par with the children with normal hearing. Early start of music training after implantation and use of bimodal hearing contributed to the development of better music ability in these children with CIs.

Conclusion
These findings indicated that rigorous music training could facilitate high singing proficiency in prelingually deafened children with CIs.
Language Ability and the Familiar Talker Advantage: Generalizing to Unfamiliar Talkers Is What Matters
Authors: Levi Susannah V. , Harel Daphna , Schwartz Richard G. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose

Previous studies with children and adults have demonstrated a
familiar talker advantage
—better word recognition for familiar talkers. The goal of the current study was to test whether this phenomenon is modulated by a child's language ability.

Method
Sixty children with a range of language ability were trained to learn the voices of 3 foreign-accented, German–English bilingual talkers and received feedback about their performance. Both before and after this talker voice training, children completed a spoken word recognition task in which they heard consonant–vowel–consonant words mixed with noise that were spoken by the 3 familiarized talkers and by 3 unfamiliar German–English bilinguals.

Results
Two findings emerged from this study: First, children with both higher and lower language ability performed similarly on the familiarized talkers. Second, children with higher language scores performed similarly on both the familiarized and unfamiliar talkers, whereas children with lower language scores performed worse on the unfamiliar talkers compared to familiar talkers, suggesting an inability to generalize to novel, unfamiliar talkers who spoke with a similar accent.

Discussion
Together, these findings indicate that children with higher language scores are able to generalize knowledge about foreign-accented talkers to help spoken word recognition for novel talkers with the same accent. In contrast, children with lower language skills did not exhibit the same magnitude of generalization. This lack of generalization to similar talkers may mean that children with lower language skills are at a disadvantage in spoken language tasks because they are unable to process speech as well when listening to unfamiliar talkers.
Reference Values for Healthy Swallowing Across the Range From Thin to Extremely Thick Liquids
Authors: Steele Catriona M. , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Barbon Carly A. E. , Guida Brittany T. , Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M. , Nascimento Weslania V. , Smaoui Sana , Tapson Melanie S. , Valenzano Teresa J. , Waito Ashley A. , Wolkin Talia S. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Thickened liquids are frequently used as an intervention for dysphagia, but gaps persist in our understanding of variations in swallowing behavior based on incremental thickening of liquids. The goal of this study was to establish reference values for measures of bolus flow and swallowing physiology in healthy adults across the continuum from thin to extremely thick liquids.

Method
A sex-balanced sample of 38 healthy adults underwent videofluoroscopy and swallowed 20% weight-to-volume concentration barium prepared in thin and slightly, mildly, moderately, and extremely thick consistencies using a xanthan gum thickener. Participants took comfortable sips and swallowed without a cue; sip volume was measured based on presip and postsip cup weights. A standard operating procedure (the ASPEKT method: Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics and Timing) was used to analyze videofluoroscopy recordings.

Results
The results clarify that, for thin liquid sips (10–14 ml), a single swallow without clearing swallows is typical and is characterized by complete laryngeal vestibule closure, complete pharyngeal constriction, and minimal postswallow residue. Aspiration was not seen, and penetration was extremely rare. Bolus position at swallow onset was variable, extending as low as the pyriform sinuses in 37% of cases. With thicker liquids, no changes in event sequencing, laryngeal vestibule closure, pharyngeal constriction, or postswallow residue were seen. The odds of penetration were significantly reduced. A longer timing interval until onset of the hyoid burst movement was seen, with an associated higher bolus position at swallow onset. Other timing measures remained unaffected by changes in bolus consistency.

Conclusion
The results include new reference data for swallowing in healthy adults across the range from thin to extremely thick liquids.
E‐band power detector with robust temperature performance in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS
Authors: Wang Chen , Hou Debin , Chen Jixin , Hong Wei 
Published: April 2019

This Letter presents an E‐band power detector (PD) for robust operation throughout a wide temperature range. The PD is fabricated in a commercial 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology with ft/fmax of 200/265 GHz. The relationship between responsivity of the PD and temperature was investigated. A set of target base bias voltages of the core heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) pair is deduced by simulating the PD circuit for an ideal constant responsivity over temperature. By means of fine control of the feedback resistor and HBT size of an improved current mirror, the bias voltages could be optimised to the target values. The measured detected RF power at 77 GHz exhibits <0.75 dB variation across − 40 to + 85°C, which is one of the lowest variation PDs in the published works. The PD consumes 2.5 mW from a 2.5 V supply and the core area is only 220 μm × 130 μm.
Ultra‐low frequency magnetic field probe for field measurements in gradient coils during medical device testing
Authors: Attaran A. , Wawrzyn C.M. , Handler W.B. , Chronik B.A. 
Published: April 2019

In this Letter ultra‐low frequency probes for measuring time‐varying magnetic field produced in gradient coils were designed, fabricated, and tested. A 1 cm radius induction loop antenna followed by an instrumentational amplifier with a gain of 40 dB and a cutoff frequency of 30 KHz was designed to measure the magnetic field. The probe was fabricated on a single‐sided PCB, FR4 of thickness 1.57 mm and copper of thickness 35 μm was employed in a dB/dt exposure system within a saline phantom using 3D printed waterproofed cover. Simulation and measurement results of the magnetic field were in good agreements.
Perturbation theory to model shielding effectiveness of cavities loaded with electromagnetic dampeners
Authors: Campione Salvatore , Reines Isak C. , Warne L. K. , Grimms Caleb , Williams Jeffery T. , Gutierrez Roy K. , Coats Rebecca S. , Basilio Lorena I. 
Published: April 2019

It is well‐known that a slotted resonant cavity with high‐quality factor exhibits interior electromagnetic (EM) fields that may be even larger than the external field. The authors aim to reduce the cavity's EM fields and quality factor over a frequency band analytically, numerically, and experimentally by introducing microwave absorbing materials in the cavity. A perturbation model approach was developed to estimate the quality factor of loaded cavities, which is validated against full‐wave simulations and experiments. Results with 78.7 mils (2 mm) thick ECCOSORB‐MCS absorber placed on the inside cavity wall above and below the aperture slot (with only 0.026% cavity volume) result in a reduction of shielding effectiveness >19 dB and reductions in quality factor >91%, providing confirmation of the efficacy of this approach.
Krankheitskosten – Summieren sich die Krankheitskosten bei
multiplen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen?
Authors: Fietz Cornelia 
Published: April 2019

Broder MS et al. Health Care Resource Use, Costs, and Diagnosis Patterns in
Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Real-world Evidence From US
Claims Databases. Clin Ther 2018; 40(10): 1670–1682
Schizophrenie und bipolare Störung sind schwerwiegende psychiatrische
Erkrankungen, die trotz eigener ICD-Klassifikation nicht immer klar
voneinander abzugrenzen sind. Bei vielen Patienten überlappen die Symptome
beider Krankheitsbilder. Die Autoren untersuchen Diagnose-Muster,
Ressourcenverbrauch und Krankheitskosten bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie und
bipolarer Störung allein und in Kombination.
Ambulante Pflege – Wodurch zeichnet sich gute ambulante
Pflege aus?
Authors: Thiem Helena 
Published: April 2019

Lehnert T et al. Preferences for home- and community-based long-term care
services in Germany: a discrete choice experiment. Eur J Health Econ 2018;
19:1213–1223
Die alternde Gesellschaft in Deutschland verursacht viele ökonomische wie
soziale Veränderungen. Insbesondere im Bereich der Pflege sind zukünftig
weitere Versorgungsdefizite zu erwarten. Dabei ist es der Wunsch vieler
Betroffener, möglichst lange in ihren „eigenen vier Wänden“ gepflegt zu
werden. Die Autoren untersuchen, welche Präferenzen Pflegebedürftige in
Bezug auf eine ambulante Langzeitpflege haben.
Serious Games in Health Professions Education: Review of Trends and Learning Efficacy
Authors: Haoran Gong , Bazakidi Eleni , Zary Nabil 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: To provide an overview of research trends and a review regarding the learning efficacy of serious games for health professions education taking into account short-term learning outcomes.
Methods: For the review of research trends, we performed the search on Web of Science from 1996 until the present. For the scoping review on learning efficacy, ERIC, Education Source, PsychINFO, Global Health, CINAHL, Web Of Science, and Medline were searched.
Results: The publications trend is characterized by three phases: (i) an exploratory phase up to 2006, (ii) an early growth from 2007 to 2012, and (iii) a development phase from 2013 onwards. A total of 25 studies were identified in the scoping review. Sixteen had both pre-test and post-test, all of them showed significant improvement in learning scores after the use of serious games. Eighteen publications conducted controlled experiments, of which 14 indicated that post-test scores after serious games were significantly higher than with conventional teaching methods. The review revealed the lack of integration of affective learning with other competencies, as well as the need for serious games targeting postgraduate education.
Conclusion: Serious games research remains emergent. Using serious games for health professions education seems efficacious for short-term learning. Addressing more competencies and health professionals across the education continuum is needed before generalizable definitive statements can be made.
Metaphors for language contact and change
Authors: Čičin-Šain Višnja 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This chapter analyses the discursive construction of Croatian language identity and demonstrates that figurative language plays a crucial role in the process of national and linguistic (dis)identification. The ideological nature and complexity of nations and languages make both concepts highly susceptible to figuration. Based on an analysis of ninety-seven sociolinguistic texts authored by influential social actors, published from 1995 up to the present day, I propose a schematic scenario – an unacceptable language phenomenon is a danger to the nation – that both underlies puristic language ideology and indirectly sustains the status of the Croatian language as a national emblem. Conceptualizations of language contact and change in terms of drowning, colonization, illness, and poisoning constitute the core of the metaphor-based scenario, discursively construing danger to the language and nation.