bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoprotection practices, knowledge and sun-related skin damage in Spanish beach handball players
Authors: De Castro-Maqueda Guillermo , Gutierrez-Manzanedo Jose Vicente , Lagares-Franco Carolina , Linares-Barrios Mario , de Troya-Martin Magdalena 
Published: June 2019

Background
Outdoor sports are a risk activity for skin cancer, especially if adequate sun protection measures are not used. The aim of this study is to examine the photoprotection habits of outdoor (beach) handball players, and to determine the relation between duration of sports practice, photoprotection behaviour and sun-related damage to the skin.

Methods
This cross-sectional study is based on a health survey of sun exposure and protection habits and practices conducted among beach handball players in southern Spain. This survey provided data for a descriptive and comparative analysis, by groups and gender, of photoprotection and skin self-examination practices.

Results
Among the whole sample, 76.9% had suffered at least one sunburn event during the last year. By groups, 73.97% of the older participants (Group I, University students) and 81.25% of the younger ones (Group II, youngers players) reported this outcome, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.003). With respect to photoprotection, 68.5% of the players in group I and 66.7% of those in group II used sun cream with a protection factor of 30 or higher, although 52.1% of group I and 35.4% of group II did not reapply it. As concerns self-examination, 94.5% of group I and 87.5% of group II had not examined their body for skin damage during the previous year. Medical examination revealed the presence of lentigines and freckles among many players, with no significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions
Beach handball players are highly exposed to the effects of ultraviolet radiation and often take insufficient measures of sun protection. Programmes should be designed and implemented to raise awareness among adolescent and young adult sport competitors of the risks of skin cancer associated with their sports activity and to encourage them to improve their photoprotection and skin monitoring practices.
Prevalence of Ectoparasitic Infection of Rodents Captured near Student’s Hostels: Zoonotic Implications
Authors: Mustapha Tijjani , Unyah Ngah Zasmy , Majid Roslaini Abd , Abdullahi Sharif Alhassan , Wana Nasiru Mohammed 
Published: June 2019

Background and Aims: Rodents constitute more than 42% of the known mammalian species, with 1700 species which belongs to three different families, include Muridae, Microtidae, and Sigmodontidae. Rodents species such as R. r. diardii and R. norvegicus play an important role as hosts for ectoparasites and reservoirs for various types of viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, protozoa, and helminths which are responsible for causing zoonotic diseases to humans and other vertebrate animals. The aim of this work is to identify the species of mites, ticks, and fleas causing diseases to humans and determined the prevalence of infestation in relation to gender, age, and habitat of the rodents.
Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia, Between September 2018 and March 2019.
Methodology: Wild rats were captured using live traps from garbage areas, and places near the cafeteria in the student’s residential colleges at University Putra Malaysia. The rats were humanely euthanised and identified. They were classified as adult or juveniles. Their sex was also determined. Ectoparasites were collected by combing the fur the rodents on to a white plan sheet paper. The ectoparasites collected were washed and mounted with Hoyer’s media on a glass slide. Parasites were identified using a key morphological feature.
Results: A total of 89 wild rats were trapped and examined for ectoparasites. Eight different species of ectoparasites that comprised of L. echidnanus, L. nuttalli, O. bacoti, I. granulatus, Heamaphysalis sp., P. spinoluso, H. pacifica, X. cheopis) were identified from the rodents examined. About 55% of the rodents trapped were positive for at least one species of ectoparasite parasites, and about 45.8% of the male rats and 30.8% of female were positive for ectoparasites. Meanwhile, in the adult, 42.9% are positive for at least one species of ectoparasites, whereas 32.2% of the juvenile rodent was also found positive for at least one species of ectoparasites.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that rodents trapped from the student’s colleges in University Putra Malaysia are infected with various ectoparasites species that might play an important role in the transmission of certain zoonotic diseases to humans. Therefore, we conclude that there is potential risk of rodent-borne zoonotic diseases transmission to humans in the study area. Awareness of prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases should be introduced to educate the students on the importance of zoonotic diseases associated with rodents.
Effect of Storage Containers on the Microbial Load of Domestic Water from Three Sources Treated with Moringa oleifera and Citrullus lanatus Seed Powders
Authors: Ndubuisi Oha , Iheukwumere Ijeoma , Okereke Hope C. , Ekeleme Uzochukwu G. 
Published: June 2019

Aim: The effect of storage containers on the microbial load of domestic water from three sources treated with Moringa oleifera and Citrullus lanatus seed powders in Lekwesi, Abia State was assessed.
Study Design: The jar test method was used for the treatments. One gram (1.0g) each of the plant seed (Moringa oleifera and water melon seeds) was weighed and was added separately into 1000 ml of water samples in the different storage containers (clay lined pots, iron/steel tanks and polypyrene plastic drums, respectively). The mixture was stirred rapidly for 3 minutes and allowed to stand undisturbed for 1 hour, after which the top water was decanted.
Place and Duration of Study: Advanced Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gregory University Uturu, from May to July, 2018.
Methodology: Tenfold serial dilutions was used for processing of all the water samples, after which the volume of exactly 0.5ml of the water sample was planted on the media using the spread plate method and incubated appropriately and other standard microbiological methods were employed to determine microbial loads.
Results: The river water samples had the highest microbial load of 1.2x103-2.0x108cfu/ml and were reduced to 1.8x107cfu/ml and 1.8x108cfu/ml by M. oleifera and C. lanatus seed powders after an hour of storage respectively. The well water samples had the least microbial counts of 0.9 x101-1.2 x104 cfu/ml, and were reduced to 0.5x101cfu/ml and 5.9 x103cfu/ml by M. oleifera and C. lanatus seed powders respectively. The potential pathogenic bacteria (TPPB) were reduced to 3.0 x102cfu/ml by M. oleifera, while C. lanatus was unable to reduce the TPPB after an hour. The microbial load decreased constantly within 24h in the various storage containers (steel, clay and plastic), but increased steadily from 72h to the 336h of post storage. The clay-lined and iron-steel pots maintained the same microbial counts after 4h post storage, but differed significantly after 24h, while the polypyrene plastic drum had the highest microbial count. There was absence of TPPB and Total Faecal Coliform Count (TFCC) in the well water samples after the treatment with M. oleifera.
Conclusion: M. oleifera was found to be a better water treatment than C. lanatus, while the clay-lined pot served as the best domestic water storage container.
Effects of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) and Uziza Leaf (Piper guineense) on Electrolytes, Urea and Creatinine of Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Franca Okoye Ngozi , Ikenna Igwilo, Elvis 
Published: June 2019

Aim: For centuries, plant and plant products have played a pivotal role in medication. This study evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of black seed (Nigella sativa) and uziza leaf (Piper guineense) on electrolytes, urea and creatinine of Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats were used for the study; the rats were arranged into five groups with five rats each. Sucrose and margarine were used to induce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia respectively on the rats with the exception of the rats in the positive control group. The rats in the negative control were induced using the sucrose and margarine but were not treated using the aqueous extracts. The rats in the uziza group were treated with 2 ml of uziza aqueous leaf extract, while the rats in the black seed group were treated with 2 ml of black seed aqueous extract. The rats in the black seed & uziza leaf group were treated with 2ml of the combined aqueous extract.
Results: The results showed that the extracts had a decreasing effect which was time dependent on the electrolytes. The highest decrease was obtained on the third week of feeding compared to the control (P=.05). The sodium levels (mmol/L) showed for the negative control (198.23 ± 1.96), positive control (108.15 ± 1.60), uziza leaf (98.28 ± 4.17), black seed (101.67 ± 4.24), black seed & uziza (90.83 ± 2.14). The decrease for potassium levels (mEq/L) showed for the negative control (0.90 ± 0.06), positive control (0.05 ± 0.10), uziza leaf (0.07 ± 0.18), black seed (0.06 ± 0.19), black seed & Uziza (0.05 ± 0.10). Furthermore, the extracts also had a reducing effect on urea and creatinine levels with the highest reduction obtained on the third week (p=0.05). The urea levels (mmol/L) showed for the negative control (26.84 ± 0.05), positive control (15.15 ± 1.20), uziza leaf (12.83 ± 0.98), black seed (12.16 ± 2.01), black seed & uziza (11.48 ± 1.78). The extracts also decreased creatinine levels (mmol/L) with the negative control (284.58 ± 0.33), positive control (182.73 ± 3.67), uziza leaf (194.16 ± 18.30), black seed (167.34 ± 14.66), black seed & uziza (174.46 ± 10.66).
Conclusion: The extracts significantly decreased the elevated electrolytes levels and therefore uziza leaf and black seed can be used to restore kidney function.
Yield and Tissue Calcium Concentration of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit as Influenced by Calcium Source and Time of Application
Authors: Bitange N. M. , Chemining’wa G. N. , Ambuko J. , Owino W. O. 
Published: June 2019

The effect of varied calcium sources, applied at different times and rates, on the yield and calcium concentration of mango fruit were investigated. “Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control). The calcium sources were sprayed at the rates of 1%, 1.5% , 2% or 0% (control) during three different stages of fruit development i.e. fruit set, 30 days after fruit set and 30 days to physiological maturity. The experiment was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons at Karurumo, Embu County, Kenya. This orchard has been found to have low calcium levels. These experiments were laid in a completely randomized block designs with a split, split plot arrangement replicated three times. The results indicated that spraying with calcium significantly affected the weight, breadth, number and the total weight of fruits/tree. The concentration of calcium in the fruit flesh was also significantly increased by the application of calcium and a direct relationship between calcium concentration and yield attributes was reported. Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective in enhancing the fruit weight, breadth, number of fruits and the total weight of fruits. Application of calcium at fruit set was found to be the most effective in enhancing the yield. Further investigations need to be done to determine the effect of these calcium sources on the quality of fruits and the optimal rate as there was an increase in the yield with an increase in the rates.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Adherence to Malaria Microscopy Diagnosis in the Treatment of Out-patients at Kisumu County Referral Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Fredrick , Atieli Harrysone , Njoroge Stephen , Sang David 
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study sought to assess factors that influence adherence to malaria microscopy diagnosis in the treatment of out-patients in the hospital.
Methods: From April to June 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered on clinicians and microscopists, while prescription practices of pharmacy personnel and clinicians were observed. To determine microscopy performance, systematically sampled thick blood smears, which had been used to diagnose malaria in out-patients were re-examined for presence or absence of malaria parasites by independent expert microscopists. Each thick blood smear was re-examined by two independent expert microscopists, and in case of discordant results a tie-breaker expert provided reference results for performance measures. Test validity and reliability were determined using Graph Pad Prism v5.01.
Results: Three (30%) clinicians strictly (100%) adhered to malaria microscopy diagnosis during treatment of out-patients, had refresher training on malaria case management and were aware that the laboratory participates in national quality assurance (QA) scheme. At the pharmacy-level adherence to microscopy results during treatment was generally 100% and >98% for clinicians. However, 13 (11%) malaria false-positive participants still received Artemether-Lumefantrine. Of 375 selected blood slides, 118(31.5%) were read as positive at the health facility, while 105 (28%) were read as positive by the experts, (P <0.01). Overall, 96% of test results were concordant with expert reference. The overall inter-reader agreement between hospital diagnosis and experts microscopists was κ=0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96). Sensitivity was; 99.1% (95% CI: 94.9-100), specificity; 95.2% (95% CI: 91.9-97.4), Positive Predictive Value; 89% (95% CI: 81.9-94) and Negative Predictive Value; 99.6 (95% CI: 97.9-100).
Conclusion: Our results show commendable adherence to malaria microscopy during treatment of out-patients in Kisumu County Referral Hospital. Refresher training on malaria case management for clinician and awareness by clinicians that the hospital laboratory participates in national QA scheme had positive influence on the adherence to malaria microscopy during treatment of out-patients. Malaria microscopy test validity and reliability were commendable
PEGARUH IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT TERKAIT MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN DI YOUTUBE DAN CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE TERHADAP MINAT BERKARIER MAHASISWA UNTUK BEKERJA DI LUAR NEGERI
Authors: Saputri Sekar Dewanti Wiryaning , Alexandrina Elke 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklan layanan masyarakat terkait Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN di Youtube dan cultural intelligence terhadap minat berkarier mahasiswa untuk bekerja di luar negeri. Konsep yang digunakan adalah dimensi periklanan, cultural intelligence, dan minat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas Trisakti Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis. Data dalam penelitian ini diolah menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan program aplikasi smartPLS 3.0. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa iklan tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat, cultural intelligence berpengaruh terhadap minat, sedangkan kontribusi dari iklan layanan masyarakat terkait Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN di Youtube dan Cultural Intelligence terhadap Minat berkarier mahasiswa untuk bekerja di luar negeri adalah sebesar 66% dan 34% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Saran yang didapat dari hasil penelitian ini untuk penelitian serupa yang akan datang adalah penelitian faktor-faktor lain berupa efektivitas iklan, penggunaan animasi pada iklan atau penggunakan musik pada iklan
Lifelong Learning Through Cultural Learning, Citizenship Learning, and Community Engagement in Grassroots Communities in South Korea
Authors: Cho Sung Ran 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article discusses how the current Korean lifelong learning, led by citizens, is connected with cultural learning, citizenship learning, and community engagement, rooted in the community and combination of active community building projects. It also introduces the structure and policies of lifelong education in Korea, the background and recent trends of community building projects, through three cases of grassroots community building centering on local village schools, called “Maeul Hakkyos”. Key themes are explored using the critical theory lens—Habermas poses in the Theory of Communication Action regarding contemporary social issues. In conclusion, the structure and role of adult and lifelong learning resulting from grassroots community building is essential in building community awareness and a civil society.
The Role of School‐based Group Mentoring in Promoting Resilience among Vulnerable High School Students
Authors: Kuperminc Gabriel P. , Chan Wing Yi , Hale Katherine E. , Joseph Hannah L. , Delbasso Claudia A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study examined the role of participation in a year‐long school‐based group mentoring program, Project Arrive (PA), on increasing resilience during the first year of high school among students identified as being at high risk for school dropout. Participants were 114, ninth grade students taking part in one of 32 PA mentoring groups, and 71 statistically matched comparison students (53% male, 75% eligible for free/reduced‐price lunch, 62% Latinx). Using a propensity score with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to reduce selection bias, and a multi‐level model to account for non‐independence of data within mentoring groups, we examined changes from pre‐test to program exit on seven external resilience resources (developmental supports and opportunities) and four internal resilience assets (personal strengths). At program exit, PA participants had higher adjusted means than comparisons on six external resources, including school support, school belonging, school meaningful participation, peer caring relationships, prosocial peers, and home meaningful participation. PA participants also had higher adjusted means on one internal asset, problem solving. Results point to the promise of group mentoring as an approach for increasing resilience among academically vulnerable adolescents.
Characteristics, management and outcome of DLBCL patients, presenting with simultaneous systemic and CNS disease at diagnosis: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Perry Chava , Ben Barouch Sharon , Goldschmidt Neta , Sarid Nadav , Herishanu Yair , Shvidel Lev , Bairey Osnat , Lavi Noa , Horowitz Netanel , Avigdor Avraham , Lebel Eyal , Sofer Orit , Ram Ron , Avivi Irit 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe incidence of systemic diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) concurrently involving the central nervous system (CNS) at diagnosis, is very low and data regarding the clinical course of these patients are scarce. We investigated characteristics, efficacy of treatment regimens including consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation and outcome of patients presenting with concomitant systemic and CNS DLBCL. The records of 44 patients, diagnosed between 2004 and 2017, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were retrospectively reviewed. CNS involvement was diagnosed as solely parenchymal in 41%, solely leptomeningeal in 43%, and paranchymal with leptomeningeal in 11% of the patients. Induction regimens were anthracycline‐based combined with high‐dose methotrexate (HD‐MTX) in 80% (n = 35) of patients, anthracycline‐based combined with intrathecal MTX in 3, cytarabine‐based (without antracyclines) in 2, HD‐MTX in 1 and palliative in three. Five of 41 patients treated with chemotherapy died of treatment‐related toxicity, all due to infections. Nineteen patients had consolidative autologous transplantation. Overall response rate following induction was 80% (complete responses 66% and partial responses 15%). All relapses (n = 11) occurred within less than 2 years. Within a median follow‐up of 26.8 months, 3‐years projected overall survival (OS) and progression free survival rates for the entire cohort were 56% ± 8.3 and 42% ± 8.9, respectively. In multivariate analysis, RCHOP‐HD MTX‐based induction [HR = 0.228, (0.054‐0.964)], administration of 3.5 g/m2 MTX [HR = 0.735 (0.620‐0.871)], and attaining CR following induction [HR = 0.185, (0.051‐0.667)] predicted longer OS. RCHOP‐HD MTX can provide prolonged remissions in DLBCL patients presenting with concomitant systemic and CNS involvement whereas role of autograft remains uncertain.
The Crystal Structure of Orthocetamol Solved by 3D Electron Diffraction
Authors: Andrusenko Iryna , Hamilton Victoria , Mugnaioli Enrico , Lanza Arianna , Hall Charlie , Potticary Jason , Hall Simon R. , Gemmi Mauro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrthocetamol is a regioisomer of the well‐known pain medication paracetamol and a promising analgesic and an anti‐arthritic medicament itself. However, orthocetamol cannot be grown as single crystals suitable for X‐ray diffraction, so its crystal structure has remained a mystery for more than a century. Here, we report the ab‐initio structure determination of orthocetamol obtained by 3D electron diffraction, combining a low‐dose acquisition method and a dedicated single‐electron detector for recording the diffracted intensities. The structure is monoclinic, with a pseudo‐tetragonal cell that favors multiple twinning on a scale of a few tens of nanometers. The successful application of 3D electron diffraction to orthocetamol introduces a new gold standard of total structure solution in all cases where X‐ray diffraction and electron‐microscope imaging methods fail.
Reduction of a Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile‐β‐Cyclodextrin Polymer to Remove Anionic Micropollutants and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Water
Authors: Klemes Max J. , Ling Yuhan , Ching Casey , Wu Congyue , Xiao Leilei , Helbling Damian E. , Dichtel William R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrganic micropollutants (MPs) are anthropogenic substances that contaminate water resources at trace concentrations. Many MPs, including per‐ and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), have come under increased scrutiny because of their environmental persistence and association with various health problems. A β‐cyclodextrin polymer linked with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFN‐CDP) has high affinity for cationic and many neutral MPs from contaminated water because of anionic groups incorporated during the polymerization. But TFN‐CDP does not bind many anionic MPs strongly, including anionic PFASs. To address this shortcoming, we reduced the nitrile groups in TFN‐CDP to primary amines, which reverses its affinity towards charged MPs. TFN‐CDP exhibits adsorption distribution coefficients (log KD values) of 2–3 for cationic MPs and −0.5–1.5 for anionic MPs, whereas the reduced TFN‐CDP exhibits log KD values of −0.5–1.5 for cationic MPs and 2–4 for anionic MPs, with especially high affinity towards anionic PFASs. Kinetic studies of the removal of 10 anionic PFASs at environmentally relevant concentrations showed 80–98 % removal of all contaminants after 30 min and was superior to commercial granular activated carbon. These findings demonstrate the scope and tunability of CD‐based adsorbents derived from a single polymerization and the promise of novel adsorbents constructed from molecular receptors.