bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination Bone Replacement Graft with Dense Polytetrafluoroethylene Barrier Membrane for Treatment of an Infrabony Periodontal Defect
Authors: Capetillo Joseph F. , Coleman Brandon G. , Johnson Thomas M. 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionPatient‐, site‐, and procedure‐related factors important for successful periodontal regeneration have been defined in the periodontics literature by insightful clinician‐researchers. Prevention of bacterial contamination of the surgical site through careful wound closure and meticulous postoperative care is a critical procedure‐related factor necessary for periodontal regeneration. Dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) is a nonresorbable barrier material that may protect bone replacement grafts (BRG) against bacterial contamination for a short period during early wound healing if membrane exposure occurs.Case PresentationA 35‐year‐old African American female with a deep/narrow infrabony periodontal defect and Hamp degree I furcation involvement at tooth #14 (mesial) underwent combination BRG/guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using a mineralized/demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft and a dPTFE barrier membrane. Favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes were noted nine months following the procedure.ConclusionsTwo reports evaluating clinical parameters following use of dPTFE membranes for GTR appear in the literature. The present case provides clinical and radiographic outcome assessments following combination BRG/GTR using a dPTFE membrane. This material may be of interest for periodontal regeneration due to an ability to temporarily limit bacterial influence if membrane exposure occurs.
Establishment of an in ovo chick embryo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay for pilot screening of potential angiogenic and anti‐angiogenic agents
Authors: AS Muhammad Nihad , Deshpande Rucha , Kale Vaijayanti P. , Bhonde Ramesh R. , Datar Savita P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAngiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation from pre‐existing vessels, is essential for growth and development. Development of drugs that can accelerate or decelerate angiogenesis in the context of various diseases requires appropriate preclinical screening. As angiogenesis involves complex cellular and molecular processes, in vivo studies are superior to in vitro investigations. Conventional in vitro, in vivo, and ex ovo models of angiogenesis are time consuming and tedious, and require sophisticated infrastructure for embryo culture. In the present study, we established an in ovo chick embryo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay for angiogenesis and tested the angiogenic potential of arginine, conditioned medium (CM) from human adipose tissue and placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs‐CM and PDMSCs‐CM), avastin and vitamin C. The obtained results were confirmed with the routinely employed chick embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay. Both assays revealed the pro‐angiogenic nature of arginine, ADMSCs‐CM, and PDMSCs‐CM, and the anti‐angiogenic effect of avastin and vitamin C. This novel in ovo YSM model is simple, reproducible, and highly economic in terms of the time frame and cost incurred. The proposed model is thus a suitable substitute to the CAM model for pilot screening of potential angiogenic and anti‐angiogenic agents.
Ammonia Synthesis from Electrocatalytic N2 Reduction under Ambient Conditions by Fe2O3 Nanorods
Authors: Xiang Xiaojiao , Wang Zao , Shi Xifeng , Fan Meikun , Sun Xuping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe conventional Haber‐Bosch process for industrial ammonia production from N2 and H2 is not only energy‐intensive but also releases a large amount of CO2. The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is regarded as a sustainable and environmentally‐benign alternative approach for NH3 production under ambient conditions. In this communication, it is reported that Fe2O3 nanorods act as an efficient electrocatalyst for the NRR. In 0.1 M Na2SO4, it attains a Faradic efficiency of 0.94 % and NH3 yield of 15.9 μg h−1 mg−1cat. at −0.8 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Furthermore, this catalyst also shows good stability during electrolysis and recycling tests.
Insulin‐responsive autonomic neurons in rat medulla oblongata
Authors: Senthilkumaran M. , Bobrovskaya L. , Verberne A. J. M. , Llewellyn‐Smith I. J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLow blood glucose activates brainstem adrenergic and cholinergic neurons, driving adrenaline secretion from the adrenal medulla and glucagon release from the pancreas. Despite their roles in maintaining glucose homeostasis, the distributions of insulin‐responsive adrenergic and cholinergic neurons in the medulla are unknown. We fasted rats overnight and gave them insulin (10 U/kg i.p.) or saline after 2 weeks of handling. Blood samples were collected before injection and before perfusion at 90 min. We immunoperoxidase‐stained transverse sections of perfused medulla to show Fos plus either phenylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase (PNMT) or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Insulin injection lowered blood glucose from 4.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L to 1.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L (mean ± SEM; n = 6); saline injection had no effect. In insulin‐treated rats, many PNMT‐immunoreactive C1 neurons had Fos‐immunoreactive nuclei, with the proportion of activated neurons being highest in the caudal part of the C1 column. In the rostral ventrolateral medulla, 33.3% ± 1.4% (n = 8) of C1 neurons were Fos‐positive. Insulin also induced Fos in 47.2% ± 2.0% (n = 5) of dorsal medullary C3 neurons and in some C2 neurons. In the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), insulin evoked Fos in many ChAT‐positive neurons. Activated neurons were concentrated in the medial and middle regions of the DMV beneath and just rostral to the area postrema. In control rats, very few C1, C2, or C3 neurons and no DMV neurons were Fos‐positive. The high numbers of PNMT‐immunoreactive and ChAT‐immunoreactive neurons that express Fos after insulin treatment reinforce the importance of these neurons in the central response to a decrease in glucose bioavailability.
The engagement of auditors in the reporting of corporate social responsibility information
Authors: Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo , Bel‐Oms Inmaculada , Rodrigues Lúcia Lima 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this research, we aim to examine how large auditing firms and audit/non‐audit fees affect corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. We show that the big four auditing firms and the audit and non‐audit fees paid by audited firms encourage CSR reporting. Overall, our findings suggest that big auditing firms play a relevant role in CSR disclosure, which may help to mitigate informative asymmetries between managers and stakeholders. Furthermore, audit and non‐audit fees paid by audited companies promote voluntary non‐financial information disclosure. These findings should be of interest to policymakers given the relevant role that CSR disclosure may play in the decision‐making processes of all stakeholders.
High‐Salt Exposure During Perinatal Development Enhances Stress Sensitivity
Authors: Dingess Paige M. , Thakar Amit , Zhang Zhaojie , Flynn Francis W. , Brown Travis E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExcess consumption of dietary sodium during pregnancy has been shown to impair offspring cardiovascular function and enhance salt preference in adulthood, but little is known regarding the long‐term impact of this nutritional surplus on offspring brain morphology and behavior. Using a combination of cellular and behavioral approaches, we examined the impact of maternal salt intake during the perinatal period on structural plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in weanling and adult offspring as well as reward‐ and stress‐driven behaviors in adult offspring. We found that weanling rats born to 4% NaCl‐fed dams exhibited an increase and decrease in thin spine density in the infralimbic PFC (IL‐PFC) and prelimbic PFC (PL‐PFC), respectively, as well as an increase in mushroom spine density in the NAc shell, compared to 1% NaCl‐fed controls. Structural changes in the IL‐PFC and NAc shell persisted into adulthood, the latter of which is a phenotype that has been observed in rats exposed to early life stress. There was no effect of maternal salt intake on reward‐driven behaviors, including sucrose preference, conditioned place preference (CPP) for cocaine, and forced swim stress (FSS)‐induced reinstatement of cocaine‐induced CPP. However, rats born to high‐salt fed dams spent less time swimming in the FSS and displayed heightened plasma CORT levels in response to the FSS compared to controls, suggesting that early salt exposure increases stress sensitivity. Overall, our results suggest that perinatal salt exposure evokes lasting impacts on offspring physiology and behavior.
Testing the AC/DC hypothesis: Rock and roll is noise pollution and weakens a trophic cascade
Authors: Barton Brandon T. , Hodge Mariah E. , Speights Cori J. , Autrey Anna M. , Lashley Marcus A. , Klink Vincent P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAnthropogenic sound is increasingly considered a major environmental issue, but its effects are relatively unstudied. Organisms may be directly affected by anthropogenic sound in many ways, including interference with their ability to detect mates, predators, or food, and disturbances that directly affect one organism may in turn have indirect effects on others. Thus, to fully appreciate the net effect of anthropogenic sound, it may be important to consider both direct and indirect effects. We report here on a series of experiments to test the hypothesis that anthropogenic sound can generate cascading indirect effects within a community. We used a study system of lady beetles, soybean aphids, and soybean plants, which are a useful model for studying the direct and indirect effects of global change on food webs. For sound treatments, we used several types of music, as well as a mix of urban sounds (e.g., sirens, vehicles, and construction equipment), each at volumes comparable to a busy city street or farm tractor. In 18‐hr feeding trials, rock music and urban sounds caused lady beetles to consume fewer aphids, but other types of music had no effect even at the same volume. We then tested the effect of rock music on the strength of trophic cascades in a 2‐week experiment in plant growth chambers. When exposed to music by AC/DC, who articulated the null hypothesis that “rock and roll ain't noise pollution” in a song of the same name, lady beetles were less effective predators, resulting in higher aphid density and reduced final plant biomass relative to control (no music) treatments. While it is unclear what characteristics of sound generate these effects, our results reject the AC/DC hypothesis and demonstrate that altered interspecific interactions can transmit the indirect effects of anthropogenic noise through a community.
Nitric Oxide Detection Using Electrochemical Third‐generation Biosensors – Based on Heme Proteins and Porphyrins
Authors: Gomes Filipa O. , Maia Luísa B. , Cordas Cristina , Delerue‐Matos Cristina , Moura Isabel , Moura José J. G. , Morais Simone 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNitric oxide radical (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in virtually all forms of life. Its relevance has been leading to the development of different analytical methodologies to assess the temporal and spatial fluxes of NO under the complex biological milieu. Third‐generation electrochemical biosensors are promising tools for in loco and in vivo NO quantification and, over the past years, heme proteins and porphyrins have been used in their design. Since there are some limitations with the biorecognition element directly adsorbed onto the electrode surface, nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, etc.) and polymers (cellulose, chitosan, nafion®, polyacrylamide, among others) have been explored to achieve high kinetics and better biosensor performance. In this review, a broad overview of the field of electrochemical third‐generation biosensors for NO electroanalysis is presented, discussing their main characteristics and aiming new outlooks and advances in this field.
Mixed Alkanolamine‐Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica for CO2 capture
Authors: Fan Yanfang , Rezaei Fateme , Yang Xiaomei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHigh amine efficiency amine‐modified silica adsorbents with fast adsorption rates have been developed by adding amine species including hydroxyl groups into polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐loaded mesoporous silica for CO2 capture. Two amine species of diethanolamine (DEA) and 3‐amino‐1,2‐propanediol (AP) including hydroxyl groups were introduced into PEI to reduce the CO2 diffusion resistance and increase the active CO2 adsorption sites. The DEA promoted adsorbents were found to exhibit much higher adsorption capacity than AP promoted adsorbents. Through tuning the ratio of PEI to DEA in amine mixture during adsorbent impregnation step, a threshold value of PEI/DEA weight ratio (∼50 : 50) was found, where the maximum CO2 capacity of 2.93 mmol/g was achieved under dry CO2 at 35 °C.The adsorption capacity for this newly synthesized adsorbent increased by 50 % in comparison to PEI‐silica materials. Their amine efficiency was 0.40 mol CO2/mol N, which was more than twice than that of PEI‐silica (0.17 mol CO2/mol N). Under simulated humid flue gas conditions, the DEA promoted adsorbents had a CO2 breakthrough capacity qb of 1.57 mmol/g and a CO2 capacity q50 of 2.49 mmol/g. Such adsorbents possess good reversibility and the adsorption capacity is nearly stable after two adsorption‐desorption cycles. The synthesis methodology reported in this investigation proves to be an efficient strategy to develop highly efficient amine‐impregnated adsorbents.
Developing low temperature recovery technology of waste heat in automobile factory
Authors: Chang Dong‐Shang , Cheng Kun‐Ping , Wang Rouwen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe painting operation is an important process in automobile manufacturing process, which not only consumes considerable amount of energy but also affects the environment through the flue gases emitted during the process. A case study in Taiwan was conducted on developing an innovative low‐temperature recovery technology of waste heat automobile industry. The high frequency welding segment technology was built on the site to extract heat close to an acid dew point. When the ambient temperature is changed substantially, the fins and heat pipes are solidly connected to maintain the performance of the heat exchanger. Moreover, the hot water obtained from the waste heat recovery is delivered to pretreatment heating tank the painting shop directly. By improving the energy efficiency on heat transfer, the proposed recovery technology of waste heat in automobile factory has been justified with having the performance 69% higher than conventional design. In order to reduce the effect of CO2 emission on the environmental impact, the temperature at the end of the flue gases is further decreased from 160°C to 110°C. The cost benefit analysis reveals that the payback year is 2.8 years. The innovative heat recovery technology contributes to energy conservation and environmental sustainability.
Energy efficient and fair resource allocation for LTE‐unlicensed uplink networks: A two‐sided matching approach with partial information
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hu Haonan , Wu Yue , Chu Xiaoli , Zhang Jie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLong‐Term Evolution–unlicensed (LTE‐U) has recently attracted worldwide interest to meet the explosion in cellular traffic data. By using carrier aggregation, licensed and unlicensed bands are integrated to enhance transmission capacity while maintaining reliable and predictable performance. As there may exist other conventional unlicensed band users, such as WiFi users, LTE‐U users have to share the same unlicensed bands with them. Thus, an optimized resource allocation scheme to ensure the fairness between LTE‐U users and conventional unlicensed band users is critical for the deployment of LTE‐U networks. In this paper, we investigate an energy efficient resource allocation problem in LTE‐U coexisting with other wireless networks, which aims at guaranteeing fairness among the users of different radio access networks. We formulate the problem as a multiobjective optimization problem and propose a semidistributed matching framework with a partial information‐based algorithm to solve it. We demonstrate our contributions with simulations in which various network densities and traffic load levels are considered.
Assessment of dietary pattern and nutritional status of undergraduate students in a private university in southern Nigeria
Authors: Omage Kingsley , Omuemu Vivian O. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundAnalysis of dietary patterns gives a more comprehensive impression of the food consumption habits within a population. Poor dietary habits among undergraduate students have been reported as a lifestyle challenge they face while in school. This study was carried out to assess the dietary pattern and nutritional status of undergraduate students in Igbinedion University, Okada.MethodologyThis study applied a cross‐sectional, descriptive study design and 800 undergraduate students selected by multistage sampling method participated in the study. Data were collected using pretested, structured self‐administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package (version 22.0) and level of significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsMean age of respondents was 23.5 ± 2.4 years, with a higher proportion being females (468; 58.5%). Over half of the respondents 448 (56.0%) skipped breakfast and 608 (76.0%) ate in between meals. More females 280 (59.8%) compared to males 168 (50.6%) skipped breakfast and the association between gender of respondents and breakfast skipping was statistically significant (p < 0.010). Majority of the respondents 744 (93.0%) ate snacks and the association between age group and snacking status of respondents was statistically significant (p < 0.034). Three hundred and ninety‐two (49.0%) of the respondents had high dietary diversity score while 212 (26.5%) had low dietary diversity score. The association between age group and dietary diversity was statistically significant (p < 0.001). More males 172 (51.8%) had a significantly (p < 0.004) higher dietary diversity score compared to the females 220 (47.0%). Over two‐thirds of the respondents 564 (70.5%) had normal BMI, 112 (14.0%) were overweight, and 76 (9.5%) were underweight.ConclusionSkipping of breakfast and eating in‐between meals are common among the study population. Regular nutrition education program by the institution with emphasis on adequate dietary practices is recommended.
Determination of physical and mechanical properties of carrot in order to reduce waste during harvesting and post‐harvesting
Authors: Jahanbakhshi Ahmad , Abbaspour‐Gilandeh Yousef , Gundoshmian Tarahom Mesri 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLack of sufficient knowledge about the physical and mechanical properties of agricultural products can result in higher waste of them. Due to the importance of carrot as an agricultural product and lack of much knowledge about how to reduce its waste as well as design and optimize the required harvest and postharvest machinery, this research study was carried out to fill this gap. In this study, physical properties included the length, width, thickness, mean diameter (geometric and arithmetic), mass, volume, density, sphericity, surface area, aspect ratio. The mechanical properties of the samples and their lengths were measured under the conditions of pressure (bruise), bending (break), and shearing of the carrot halves using a Zwick/Roell Instron testing machine based on the recommended standards. The mean geometric mean diameter, surface area, sphericity, volume and true density of the carrot were 49.54 mm, 7758.32 mm2, 0.32%, 70 cm3, and 1.04 g/cm3. In the study of mechanical properties of carrots, the maximum forces required for bruising, bending, and shearing of the carrot fruit were 71.90, 48.60, and 41.14 N, respectively. The results obtained about the physical and mechanical properties can be very useful in reducing carrot waste and mechanizing harvest and postharvest operations by providing us with information that helps us design machinery needed to transfer, sort, separate, wash, package, store, and process carrots.
Physicochemical and nutritional properties of extrudates from food grade distiller's dried grains, garbanzo flour, and corn grits
Authors: Singha Poonam , Singh Sushil K. , Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan , Krishnan Padmanaban 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDistiller's dried grains and garbanzo flour were blended with corn grits for the development of extruded snacks using a single screw extruder. Distiller's dried grains were processed for food application and termed as food grade distiller's dried grains or FDDG. Effects of different level of FDDG addition (0%–20%) and extrusion process parameters such as barrel and die temperature (100–140°C), screw speed (100–200 rpm), and feed moisture content (14%–20% wet basis) on the physical properties (expansion ratio, bulk density, color parameters), functional properties (water absorption and solubility indices), and nutritional properties (total dietary fiber, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and protein content) of the extrudates were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology. FDDG incorporation had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the total dietary fiber, color parameters, water solubility, and water absorption indices of the extruded snacks. Desirable expanded extrudates with a high level of total dietary fiber and protein were obtained with blends containing 20% FDDG extruded at 140°C extrusion temperature, 167 rpm screw speed, and 19% feed moisture content. Results indicate garbanzo flour, and FDDG can be successfully blended with corn grits to produce nutritious gluten‐free extruded snacks which are high in protein and dietary fiber.
Deactivation of porous aluminum fluoride‐supported noble metallic catalysts used in the hydrodechlorination of 1‐chloroheptafluorocylopentene
Authors: Qing Feiyao , Zhang Chengping , Quan Hengdao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPorous aluminum fluoride‐supported noble metallic catalysts used for hydrodechlorination were investigated in the hydrodechlorination of 1‐chloroheptafluorocylopentene (F7‐1). The catalysts. Rh/porous aluminum fluoride (PAF) and Ru/PA.F were deactivated, and the activities of Pd/PAF and Pt/PAF reduced within 100 h. The above catalysts were characterized by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The characterization results indicated that the formation of noble metal chlorides, loss of active components, and carbonaceous deposition are the major causes of activity reduction or catalyst deactivation. The formation of aluminum chlorofluoride is also likely to have led to the decrease in the selectivity of the 1,1,2,2,3,3,4‐heptafluorocyclopentane (F7A) catalyst. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.