bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, thermal, dielectric, and microwave reflection loss properties of nickel oxide filler with natural fiber‐reinforced polymer composite
Authors: Fahad Ahmad Ahmad , Abbas Zulkifly , Shaari Abdul Halim , J. Obaiys Suzan , Sa'ad Aliyu Umar 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTFabrication of hybrid composite of nickel oxide (NiO) combined with oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) reinforced with polycaprolactone (PCL) has been done by using thermal Haake blending machine, which ensured mixture homogeneity. All hybrid composites' characterizations were carried out using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, differential thermogravimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the XRD profile patterns of the composites clearly changed as the filler loading amount was increased. Fourier transform infrared spectra illustrated a slight change in the frequencies and positions of the peaks after adding NiO, indicating that some interactions occurred between C=O and O–H or among the fiber, NiO, and PCL. The microwave electromagnetic properties, such as reflection loss (dB), relative complex permittivity (εr =–j), and permeability (−j) were calculated at various microwave frequencies in the X‐band (8–12 GHz) range. It was observed that the thermal stability, magnetic, and dielectric properties of NiO:OPEFB:PCL composites were modified significantly with NiO addition. This enables the new hybrid composites to be used as engineering materials in the microwave applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 46998.
Single point incremental forming of bilayer sheets made of two different thermoplastics
Authors: Hernández‐Ávila M. , Lozano‐Sánchez L. M. , Perales‐Martínez I. A. , Elías‐Zúñiga A. , Bagudanch I. , García‐Romeu M. L. , Elizalde L. E. , Barrera E. V. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTA novel configuration of bilayer composite sheets containing different polymers is described and used for the first time in the single point incremental forming (SPIF) process. These bilayer sheets made of polypropylene (PP) and Santoprene are fabricated by hot welding, and shaped with cone‐like geometry by SPIF. The bilayer configuration is such that only one of the containing polymers is in contact with the forming tool. During the SPIF processing, the bilayer sheets show a noticeable difference in the mechanical response, depending mainly on the polymer that is not in contact with the forming tool, which is related to a lower polymer softening. The performance of the bilayer sheets is compared against the neat polymers and a blend of these with a mass ratio of 1:1. The observed effect is introduced as a dual effect of properties that brings together in a single composite sheet, properties for a better performance in SPIF and wider functionality of the fabricated parts, evidenced by a lower material softening and higher mechanical strength, in comparison with the two individual polymers, and even better than the blend of both. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47093.
ARGET‐ATRP using β‐CD as reducing agent for the synthesis of PMMA‐b‐PS‐b‐PMMA triblock copolymers
Authors: Karkare P. , Kumar S. , Murthy C. N. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTWe studied the role of β‐cyclodextrin (CD), a polyhydroxy cyclic sugar as reducing agent (RA) for the copper mediated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with the successful chain extension of methyl methacrylate blocks on the bifunctional polystyrene macroinitiator (PS‐MI) using nonaqueous solvent system for the first time. The PS‐MI was prepared by ATRP, had a polydispersity of 1.05 and gave triblock copolymers in the presence of β‐CD. We found that alcoholic groups of β‐CD show provisional reducing character and in situ convert Cu(II) to Cu(I) during polymerization. A well‐defined triblock copolymer with narrow molecular weight distribution (polydispersity index < 1.5) was obtained at 100 °C. The molecular weight of the block copolymers increased linearly with monomer conversion and the reaction showed good control over the molecular weights when compared to the theoretical values. We show that the mild reducing power of β‐CD is retained in a nonaqueous solvent also and is efficient with catalyst/RA ratio of 1:0.5. The effect of temperature on the reducing competency of β‐CD was evaluated and found to be active at around 80 °C even though its melting temperature is 290 °C. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47117.
Enhanced mechanical properties of PDMS/PMMA composite membrane using MWCNTs and its application in phenol separation from saline wastewater
Authors: Adeel M. , Ren L.‐F. , Li J. , Shao J. , Jawad A. , Su C. , Wang Y. , Guo L. , He Y. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThis work describes the enhanced mechanical properties of composite polydimethylsiloxane/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PDMS/PMMA)/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanofiber membrane and its application in the phenol separation from saline wastewater. MWNCTs with varied content were immobilized in the membrane matrix using electric field of electrospinning. The neat PDMS/PMMA and composite PDMS/PMMA/MWCNTs membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, universal testing machine, contact angle measurement, 3D automatic optical profiler, and pore size analyzer. Results indicated that tensile strength of composite PDMS/PMMA/MWNCTs membrane was drastically increased six times with a water contact angle (WCA) of 163.3° due to increased roughness parameters compared to neat membrane. However, porosity and fiber diameter of PDMS/PMMA/MWCTs membrane decreased with the increase of MWCNTs content. Moreover, phenol extraction efficiency of PDMS/PMMA/MWNCTs membrane was found to be 34.5% higher than neat one with similar salt rejection efficiency of 99.97%. The stability of MWCNTs in the membrane matrix was confirmed by the cross‐sectional morphology, which indicated the robust and novel design of membrane. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47123.
Preparation and characterization of protein/viscose fiber and its action in self‐heating
Authors: Wei W. , Youbo D. , Zhou Z. , Xing W. , Chunli Q. , Libin G. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTIn order to develop a self‐heating fiber using the protein/viscose fiber (PVF), keratin, and cotton pulp were used as the raw materials, silk protein was used as the crosslinking agent to fix the keratin to cellulose. The viscose fibers (VFs) blended by protein were prepared by the wet spinning method, and the properties of the fiber were investigated. The results indicated that the more PVF had protein, the better PVF had property. In order to prevent the loss of protein, the protein content of the spinning liquor should be maintained around 2.5%. Compared with VF, PVF had better self‐heating property (6.1 °C/5 min), higher breaking strength (2.44 cN/dtex), higher elongation‐at‐break (27.5%), higher moisture regain (12.68%), and higher hand feel score (8.4),which meets the requirement of textile fibers. PVFs are promising materials for functional clothing applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47146.
Characterization of slow‐release collagen‐g‐poly(acrylic acid‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid)–iron(III) superabsorbent polymer containing fertilizer
Authors: Xu Shuangfeng , Li Xin , Wang Yaling , Hu Zaiyin , Wang Ru 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTA novel, slow‐release polymer containing phosphorous fertilizer was synthesized by the rapid coordination of iron ions with polymers after the microwave radiation polymerization of collagen, 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid, and acrylic acid. We obtained an optimized collagen‐g‐poly(acrylic acid‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid) collagen‐g‐p(AA‐co‐AMPS)–Fe(III) polymer with great equilibrium swelling capacities of 2595 g/g in distilled water and 121 g/g in 0.9 wt % NaCl solution and an excellent sustained fertilizer release of about 30 days. In addition, for the collagen‐g‐p(AA‐co‐AMPS)–Fe(III) polymer, the effect of cations on its swelling followed the order K+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+. The structure and morphology were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the collagen‐g‐p(AA‐co‐AMPS)–Fe(III) polymers emancipated the nutrients in a more controlled manner than collagen‐g‐p(AA‐co‐AMPS). The thermal stability, water absorbency, and good slow‐release of fertilizer provide the collagen‐g‐p(AA‐co‐AMPS)–Fe(III) polymer with great potential as a fertilizer‐carrying vehicle and an aquasorb to be applied in agriculture and horticulture. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47178.
The Elevated ASK1 Expression Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion in Gastric Cancer HGC‐27 Cells
Authors: Wan Xiaochen , Shi Liying , Ma Xiaohong , Tang Haimin , Wu Guoyou 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanism of action of ASK1 gene on the growth and migration of gastric cancer (GC) cells. Total RNA was extracted from the gastric cell lines and GC tissues. The expression level of ASK1, and the association between ASK1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of ASK1 on the proliferation of HGC–27 cells were assessed by the CCK–8 assay. In addition, the effects of ASK1 on the migration of HGC–27 cells were analyzed by the migration assay using transwell chambers. The expression levels of signaling proteins related to cell migration were detected by Western blotting. Although no significant differences were observed in the expression levels of ASK1 between the GC tissue samples and the normal tissue samples (P = 0.241), ASK1 expression correlated with tumor lymph node metastasis (P = 0.008). Furthermore, ASK1 inhibited proliferation and migration of HGC–27 cells. The increase in the expression of ASK1 in HGC–27 cells induced the activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways. The findings demonstrated that increased ASK1 expression level inhibited migration and proliferation of HGC–27 gastric cancer cells, whereas the possible mechanism of action may be attributed to the activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways. Anat Rec, 301:1815–1819, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Strong Solid‐state Luminescence Enhancement in Supramolecular Assemblies of Polyoxometalate and “Aggregation‐Induced Emission”‐active Phospholium
Authors: Bolle Patricia , Chéret Yohan , Roiland Claire , Sanguinet Lionel , Faulques Eric , Serier‐Brault Hélène , Bouit Pierre‐Antoine , Hissler Muriel , Dessapt Rémi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTwo new supramolecular fluorescent hybrid materials, combining for the first time [M6O19]2− (M=Mo, W) polyoxometalates (POMs) and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active 1‐methyl‐1,2,3,4,5‐pentaphenyl‐phospholium (1+), were successfully synthesized. This novel molecular self‐assembling strategy allows designing efficient solid‐state emitters, such as (1)2[W6O19], by directing favorably the balance between the AIE and aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effects using both anion‐π+ and H‐bonding interactions in the solid state. Combined single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, Raman, UV‐vis and photoluminescence analyses highlighted that the nucleophilic oxygen‐enriched POM surfaces strengthened the rigidity of the phospholium via strong C−H⋅⋅⋅O contacts, thereby exalting its solid‐state luminescence. Besides, the bulky POM anions prevented π–π stacking interactions between the luminophores, blocking detrimental self‐quenching effects.
Identification of synoptic weather types over Taiwan area with multiple classifiers
Authors: Su Shih‐Hao , Chu Jung‐Lien , Yo Ting‐Shuo , Lin Lee‐Yaw 
Published: October 2018

In this study, a novel machine learning approach was used to classify three types of synoptic weather events in Taiwan area from 2001 to 2010. We used reanalysis data with three machine learning algorithms to recognize weather systems and evaluated their performance. Overall, the classifiers successfully identified 52–83% of weather events (hit rate), which is higher than the performance of traditional objective methods.The results showed that the machine learning approach gave low false alarm rate in general, while the support vector machine (SVM) with more principal components of reanalysis data had higher hit rate on all tested weather events. The sensitivity tests of grid data resolution indicated that the differences between the high‐ and low‐resolution datasets are limited, which implied that the proposed method can achieve reasonable performance in weather forecasting with minimal resources.By identifying daily weather systems in historical reanalysis data, this method can be used to study long‐term weather changes, to monitor climatological‐scale variations, and to provide better estimate of climate projections. Furthermore, this method can also serve as an alternative of model output statistics and potentially be used for synoptic weather forecasting.
Improving polyhydroxyalkanoate production from inexpensive carbon sources by genetic approaches: a review
Authors: Favaro Lorenzo , Basaglia Marina , Casella Sergio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of biodegradable intracellular polyesters that a number of Eubacteria and Archaea can accumulate for energy and carbon storage. Most of the genetic modifications to the producing bacterial species have been accomplished to clarify basic biochemical, genetic, and metabolic aspects of PHA metabolism. However, due to its plastic‐like properties and complete biodegradability, this bio‐based polymer has attracted the attention of a variety of manufacturers. A number of genetic approaches have therefore been reported, aimed at improving the performance of the microorganisms with a potential for use in a production process. Indeed, genetic tools may find useful applications in all the phases of the PHA production chain, from the isolation and characterization of new microbial strains through all the production steps until they reach the downstream processes. The substrates generally used for PHA production are expensive, so the search for low‐cost feedstock is necessary. These materials, possibly deriving from agri‐food processes, are unfortunately not easily degraded or converted directly into PHAs. Thus, the development of engineered microbes is in progress to process waste streams and covert them to valuable polymers. This review will summarize the most relevant results obtained through genetic engineering tools for the production of PHAs from cheap carbon sources in view of possible industrial applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards more Durable Electrochemical Capacitors by Elucidating the Ageing Mechanisms under Different Testing Procedures
Authors: He Minglong , Fic Krzysztof , Frąckowiak Elżbieta , Novák Petr , Berg Erik J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractElectrical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs) commonly denoted supercapacitors are rechargeable energy storage devices with excellent power and energy delivery metrics intermediate to conventional capacitors and batteries. High‐voltage aqueous electrolyte based EDLCs are particularly attractive due to their high‐power capability, facile production, and environmental advantages. EDLCs should last for thousands of cycles and evaluation of future cell chemistries require long‐term and costly galvanostatic cycling. Voltage holding tests have been proposed to shorten evaluation time by accelerating cell degradation processes. Whether voltage holding can replace cycling completely remains undemonstrated. In this work, a systematic investigation of the influence of testing procedure on cell performance is presented. The state‐of‐the‐artpost‐mortemandoperandoexperimental techniques are implemented to elucidate ageing mechanisms and kinetics inside EDLC cells under different testing procedures. Carbon corrosion occurring on the positively polarized electrode leads to the lower active surface area and higher oxygen content. On the contrary, an increase of surface area and micropore volume are observed on the negatively polarized electrode. Repeated galvanostatic cycles atU<1.6 V appears to facilitate the depletion of oxygen species on the positively polarized electrode in comparison with voltage holding, which indicates a more complex degradation mechanism during cycling. Caution is advised when comparing results from different test procedures.
Paraneoplastic vasculitis in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Tsimafeyeu Ilya , Leonenko Valentina , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Semenkova Evgenia , Bondarenko Anastasia , Demidov Lev 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundA paraneoplastic syndrome is observed in 5% to 10% of cancer patients. Paraneoplastic vasculitis (PV) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients has been poorly investigated.AimsIn our case series study, we evaluated the incidence and development of PV in patients with mRCC.Methods and resultsPatients were required to have previously untreated clear‐cell or papillary mRCC and no evidence of autoimmune diseases or venous thrombosis in history. Patients had a careful examination including Doppler ultrasonography of the blood vessels and skin punch biopsy in the presence of suspicious skin rash. Sixteen (8.2%) of 196 patients were diagnosed with PV, which was manifested clinically by leukocytoclastic vasculitis on the lower extremities. Skin biopsy confirmed vasculitis. Progression‐free survival and overall survival were significantly better in patients without PV.ConclusionsPV is not rare paraneoplastic syndrome in mRCC. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis was the most common type of PV in this study.
Chaotic sequence‐based MC‐CDMA for 5G
Authors: Reena raj T. , Sakthidasan @ Sankaran K. , Nagarajan V. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryA unique chaotic spreading sequence‐based MC‐CDMA (multi‐carrier code division multiple accesses) is studied in this article. By employing this spreading sequence, interference effect that is inherent in a multi‐user environment can be lessened by deciding on the spreading series with suitable cross‐correlation properties. The simulation study exhibits that chaotic sequence‐based MC‐CDMA acts well in a multiuser setting, resulting in better attainable error rates. Moreover, results confirm that chaotic sequence‐based MC‐CDMA beats the Walsh Hadamard code spreading‐based MC CDMA system. The inception of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) scheme leads to the augment in the number of antennas that are present in the transmitting in addition to receiving side. This induces an enhancement in the throughput and the robustness of the communication system. Further, the simulation outcomes exhibit that the suggested technique is far beneficial in the context of combating MAI (multiple access interference) and aids to achieve performance amelioration concerning the utility of approximately 9%.
Software plagiarism detection in multiprogramming languages using machine learning approach
Authors: Ullah Farhan , Wang Junfeng , Farhan Muhammad , Habib Masood , Khalid Shehzad 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe Software plagiarism, which arises the problem of software piracy is a growing major concern nowadays. It is a serious risk to the software industry that gives huge economic damages every year. The customers may develop a modified version of the original software in other types of programming languages. Furthermore, the plagiarism detection in different types of source codes is a challenging task because each source code may have specific syntax rules. In this paper, we proposed a methodology for software plagiarism detection in multiprogramming languages based on machine learning approaches. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied for features extraction from source codes without losing the actual information. It extracts features by factor analysis and converts the dataset into normalized linear principal components which are further useful for predictions analysis. Then, the multinomial logistic regression model (MLR) is applied to these components to classify the source codes documents based on predictions. It gives the generalization of logistic regression to handle multiclass problems. Further, the predictors' performance in MLR is evaluated by 2 tailed z test. To apply the experiment, the dataset is collected in five different and popular languages, ie, C, C++, Java, C#, and Python. Each programming language taken in two different case studies, ie, binary search and Stack.
Murine Models of Pancreatitis Leading to the Development of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Leal Ana S. , Liby Karen T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChronic or repeated episodes of acute pancreatic inflammation, or pancreatitis, are risk factors for the development of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a strong fibro‐inflammatory tumor microenvironment. In pancreatitis, the same fibro‐inflammatory reaction is observed concurrently with a loss of normal pancreatic cells. Mouse models are commonly employed to study the progression of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, with genetic and pharmacological tools used to elucidate cellular and acellular interactions within pancreatic tumors. Described in this article is a protocol for using KrasG12D; Pdx1‐Cre (KC) mice stimulated with caerulein, a small oligopeptide that increases secretion of digestive enzymes, as a model for pancreatitis. KRAS is mutated in 90‐95% of the tumors in patients with pancreatic cancer. The combination of this mutation with an inflammatory stimulus accelerates the development of pancreatic cancer. The protocol detailed in this report follows the progression of disease in KC mice from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias to invasive pancreatic adenocarcinoma. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Electrostatically Enhanced Phenol as a Simple and Efficient Bifunctional Organocatalyst for Carbon Dioxide Fixation
Authors: Rostami Ali , Mahmoodabadi Mohammadali , Hossein Ebrahimi Amir , Khosravi Hormoz , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn electrostatically enhanced phenol as a simple and competent bifunctional organocatalyst for the atom‐economical conversion of epoxides to cyclic carbonates under environmentally benign conditions is described. Incorporating a positively charged center into phenols through a modular one‐step synthesis results in a bifunctional system with enhanced acidity and reactivity, capable of epoxide activation, a halide nucleophilic ring‐opening process, and CO2 incorporation in a synergistic fashion. A rational survey of the efficiency of different positively charged phenols and the influence of different parameters, such as temperature, catalyst loading, and the nature of the nucleophile, on catalytic activity was conducted. In addition, the time‐dependent conversion of epoxide into the corresponding cyclic carbonate was further explored by FTIR‐ATR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. This bifunctional catalytic platform is among one of the mildest and most efficient metal‐free systems that is capable of converting a variety of epoxides into cyclic carbonates under virtually ambient conditions. The 1H NMR titration experiment validated the bifunctional catalytic mechanism wherein both the epoxide activation and the nucleophilic ring‐opening process occur in concert en route to carbon dioxide fixation.