bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent effects of dietary fat and sucrose content on chondrocyte metabolism and osteoarthritis pathology in mice
Authors: Donovan Elise L. , Lopes Erika Barboza Prado , Batushansky Albert , Kinter Mike , Griffin Timothy M. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Obesity is one of the most significant risk factors for knee osteoarthritis. However, therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat obesity-associated osteoarthritis are limited because of uncertainty about the etiology of disease, particularly with regard to metabolic factors. High-fat-diet-induced obese mice have become a widely used model for testing hypotheses about how obesity increases the risk of osteoarthritis, but progress has been limited by variation in disease severity, with some reports concluding that dietary treatment alone is insufficient to induce osteoarthritis in mice. We hypothesized that increased sucrose content of typical low-fat control diets contributes to osteoarthritis pathology and thus alters outcomes when evaluating the effects of a high-fat diet. We tested this hypothesis in male C57BL/6J mice by comparing the effects of purified diets that independently varied sucrose or fat content from 6 to 26 weeks of age. Outcomes included osteoarthritis pathology, serum metabolites, and cartilage gene and protein changes associated with cellular metabolism and stress-response pathways. We found that the relative content of sucrose versus cornstarch in low-fat iso-caloric purified diets caused substantial differences in serum metabolites, joint pathology, and cartilage metabolic and stress-response pathways, despite no differences in body mass or body fat. We also found that higher dietary fat increased fatty acid metabolic enzymes in cartilage. The findings indicate that the choice of control diets should be carefully considered in mouse osteoarthritis studies. Our study also indicates that altered cartilage metabolism might be a contributing factor to how diet and obesity increase the risk of osteoarthritis.
AUTOMUTILAÇÃO: O ENCONTRO ENTRE O REAL DO SOFRIMENTO E O SOFRIMENTO REAL
Authors: Reis Maurício De Novais 
Published: July 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo trata da prática de automutilação na adolescência como reflexo da impossibilidade de estruturação da cadeia significante. Partindo de considerações sobre as origens da terminologia mutilação, aborda-se a incidência de automutilação em adolescentes do sexo feminino, nas escolas dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, baseando as hipóteses levantadas na noção de angústia formulada por Lacan. Como tentativa de resgate genealógico do conceito de automutilação, este artigo reúne as concepções médicas, psiquiátricas e psicanalíticas, fomentando a interdisciplinaridade das investigações epistemológicas. São retomados pressupostos apresentados no DSM-5 e na CID-10, para fundamentar o lugar do Real no sofrimento real da adolescência. Palavras-chave: Automutilação. Psicanálise. Contemporaneidade. Adolescência. Abstract: The present article describes the practice of self cutting in adolescence as a return of the impossibility of structuring of the symbolic chain. On the basis of considerations about the etymological origins mutilation, discusses the incidence of cutting in female adolescents in schools of the basic education, stating the theory raised in the concept of anguish in Lacan. In an attempt to rescue the concept of self cutting, this article brings together the concepts medical, psychiatric and psychoanalytic fostering interdisciplinarity of research epistemological. Resumes premises of the DSM-5 and CID-10 to demonstrate the place of Real in the real suffering of the teenagers. Keywords: Cutting. Psychoanalysis. Modernity. Adolescence.
O PESO QUE NÃO APARECE NA BALANÇA: SOFRIMENTO PSÍQUICO EM UMA SOCIEDADE OBESOGÊNICA E LIPOFÓBICA
Authors: Vianna Monica Vanderlei 
Published: July 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o sofrimento psíquico possivelmente instaurado pelo processo de subjetivação e construção da identidade experimentados em um ambiente sociocultural obesogênico e com valores paradoxalmente lipofóbicos. Partindo do preceito que as psicopatologias trazem em si traços do contexto social e histórico no qual estão inseridas, buscou-se através de um referencial teórico psicanalítico, pensar como um ambiente que promove a obesidade e concomitantemente condena os que sucumbem ao excesso de peso contribui para o aumento de manifestações psíquicas relacionadas ao corpo e a alimentação. Para tanto, abordamos questões referentes aos estigmas arreigados à obesidade, à edificação da lipofobia na contemporaneidade, assim como as relações com declínio dos conflitos psíquicos em detrimento dos sintomas corporais na atualidade.Palavras-chave: Obesidade. Sofrimento Psíquico. Corpo. Abstract: This article proposes a reflection on the psychic suffering possibly established by the process of subjectivation and identity construction experienced in an obesogenic sociocultural environment with paradoxically lipophobic values. Starting from the precept that the psychopathologies bring in themselves traces of the social and historical context in which they are inserted, it was sought through a theoretical reference psychoanalytic, to think like an environment that promotes the obesity and concomitantly condemns those who succumb to the excess weight contributes to the increase of psychic manifestations related to the body and the feeding. In order to do so, we address issues related to the stigmas attached to obesity, the construction of lipophobia in contemporary times, as well as the relationship with the decline of psychic conflicts to the detriment of current bodily symptoms. Keywords: Obesity. Psychological Suffering. Body.
EFFECT OF GOLIMUMAB ON IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS FOR BONE METABOLISM AND ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Knyazeva L. A. , Damjanov N. , Knyazeva L. I. , Meshcherina N. S. , Goryainov I. I. 
Published: July 2018

Objective: to evaluate the effect of golimumab (GLM) on the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) transmembrane molecular system and arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Subjects and methods. Thirty-six patients with RA were examined and randomized into 2 groups based on disease duration (less than or more than 2 years). The serum levels of OPG, and RANKL, were investigated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and pulse wave contour analysis were performed before and 52 weeks after GLM treatment.Results and discussion. Group 1 patients demonstrated increased serum OPG levels that were on average 3.6 times higher than in the controls (р=0.005) and 2.1 times higher than in Group 2 (р=0.01). In Group 2 patients, the RANKL concentration was 9-fold higher than that in the controls (p=0.001) and 30.6% higher than in Group 1 (p=0.01). The examinees were found to be diagnosed with subclinical damage to the great arteries (increases in augmentation index (AIp), stiffness index (SI), and reflection (RI) index), which progressed with a longer RA duration. After GLM treatment, serum OPG and RANKL levels decreased in Group 1 patients by 2.1- (p<0.001) and 1.7-fold (p<0.01), respectively. In Group 2, the level of RANKL dropped by 32.2% (p<0.01), without significant OPG concentration changes. After GLM treatment, the pulse wave contour analysis parameters in Group 1 did not differ from those in the controls; Group 2 showed significant decreases in AIp by an average of 1.8 times (p<0.01), in SI by 1.2 times (p<0.01), and in RI by 1.6 times (p<0.01).Conclusion. GLM treatment in RA patients is accompanied by a lower imbalance in the RANKL/OPG transmembrane molecular system and exerts a vasoprotective effect on the large elastic vessels (reductions in AIp and SI) and small muscular arteries (a decrease in RI).
Size Matters: The Impact of Loan Size on Measures of Disparate Treatment toward Minority Entrepreneurs in the Small Firm Credit Market
Authors: Jackson William E. , Marino Louis , Naidoo Jefrey S. , Tucker Reginald 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper reports the results of investigating differences in measures of disparate treatment, or discrimination, in the small firm credit market that are related to loan size. Because small loans tend to be less profitable to originate than large loans, the competitive nature of the product markets for large and small loans may be quite different. Becker suggests that more competition will reduce the level of discrimination in a market. And some market-based evidence of Becker’s competition effect has been reported in the literature on discrimination in the small firm credit market. We add to this literature by considering the impact of differing levels of competition across products (i.e. small versus large loans). The results for our small loan subsample exhibit strong evidence of disparate treatment, or discrimination, against African-American entrepreneurs. However, the results for the large loan subsample are statistically different. In particular, for the large loan subsample there is no significant evidence of discrimination, or disparate treatment, against African-American entrepreneurs applying for business loans. This strongly suggests that the current evidence of discrimination in the small firm credit market needs to be reconsidered for public policy application purposes.
When not to tell stories: Unnatural narrative in applied narratology
Authors: Moenandar Sjoerd-Jeroen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInterest in literary fiction and literary theory from other academic fields and professional practices of storytelling has often been limited to what we could call an Aristotelian narrative approach, with its emphasis on coherence and closure. In this paper, I critically assess interdisciplinary applications of narratological theory as being too limited. After all, literature also offers an alternative narrative tradition, that of, anti-mimetic or ‘unnatural’ narratives. This tradition could enrich what is referred to in this paper as ‘applied narratology’: the transfer of narratological methods and findings to professional practices of narrative. When faced with the confusion of border experiences (Bühler), the institutionalised exclusion of otherness or traumatic experiences, we can greatly benefit from unnatural narrative, which exemplifies how coherence and closure can become oppressive. I also explore the example ofThe Long Awaited, a novel by Dutch-Moroccan author Abdelkader Benali, which together withThe Tin Drumby Günter Grass andMidnight’s Childrenby Salman Rushdie forms the minor literary tradition of ‘the tragic picaro’, a specific type of unnatural narrative. It is argued that such literary narrative experiments may offer interesting models for interdisciplinary applications of narratological theory.
k-spaces and duals of non-archimedean metrizable locally convex spaces
Authors: Perez-Garcia Maria Cristina 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the non-archimedean counterpart of the classical result stating that the dual of a real or complex metrizable locally convex space, equipped with the locally convex topology of uniform convergence on compact sets, belongs to the topological category formed by the k-spaces. We prove that this counterpart holds when the non-archimedean valued base field

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

is locally compact, but fails for any non-locally compact

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

. Here we deal with a topological subcategory, the one formed by the

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces, the adequate non-archimedean substitutes for k-spaces. As a product, we complete some of the achievements on the non-archimedean Banach–Dieudonné Theorem presented in
[C. Perez-Garcia and W. H. Schikhof, The p-adic Banach–Dieudonné theorem and semi-compact inductive limits,
p-adic Functional Analysis (Poznań 1998), Lecture Notes Pure Appl. Math. 207,
Dekker, New York 1999, 295–307].
Also, we use our results to construct in a simple way natural examples of k-spaces (which are also

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces) whose products are not

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces. This in turn improves the, rather involved, example given in
[C. Perez-Garcia and W. H. Schikhof, Locally Convex Spaces over non-Archimedean Valued Fields, Cambridge Stud. Adv. Math. 119,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010]
of two

k
0

{k_{0}}

-spaces whose product is not a

k
0

{k_{0}}

-space. Our theory covers an important class of non-archimedean Fréchet spaces, the Köthe sequence spaces, which have a relevant influence on applications such as the definition of a non-archimedean Laplace and Fourier transform.
The effects of oral pregabalin on post-Lichtenstein herniorrhaphic pain: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Moghimi Mohammad Hossein , Hosseini Seyed Nejat , Salehi Vahid , Kamali Kourosh 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Pregabalin is a gamma-aminobutyric acid analog which seems to be effective in different neuropathic pains, as well as in incisional and inflammatory injuries. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of pregabalin on pain relief post herniorrhaphy.

Methods
In this randomized clinical trial, 60 men were chosen for unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy under spinal anesthesia. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. The investigation (pregabalin) group received 300 mg of oral pregabalin 2 h before and 150 mg of pregabalin 12 and 24 h after surgery in addition to routine postoperative medication and 1 mg/kg of pethidine as needed. The control (placebo) group received placebo capsules similar to the investigation group, as well as routine medication and 1 mg/kg of pethidine as needed. All surgeries were done with the same technique. Post-surgery pain was evaluated in the walking and lying positions with a visual analog scale at 12 and 24 h and at 3 and 7 days after the surgery. Pethidine consumption and adverse effects of pregabalin were also assessed.

Results
The investigation group had less pain and lower visual analog scale scores at 12 and 24 h and also at 3 days after surgery and consumed less pethidine compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Pregabalin reduces pain and opioid consumption in the first 3 days after surgery. The adverse effects of pregabalin are limited to the first 12 h after surgery. Pregabalin can be suggested for pain relief, but it should be used with caution in the elderly.
Influence of age and gender on blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent
Authors: Adoor Meghana , Jaideep Sriranjini S. , Sujan M.U. , Kramer Boris W. , Raju T.R. , Sathyaprabha Talakad N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
The current exploratory study was aimed at estimating measures of blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent.

Methods
One hundred and forty-two healthy subjects were recruited for the study. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded continuously for 15 min using the Finometer (Finapres Medical Systems, The Netherlands). For offline analysis, Nevrokard cardiovascular parameter analysis (CVPA) software (version 2.1.0) was used for BPV analysis. BRS was determined by spectral and sequence methods. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test were used to compare parameters. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to look for possible associations between age and other continuous variables.

Results
Out of 196 screened volunteers, 54 were excluded and 142 subjects were grouped based on ages as 10–19 years (group 1), 20–29 years (group 2), 30–39 years (group 3), 40–49 years (group 4), and 50–59 years (group 5). Within groups, body mass index (BMI, p=0.000) and BP (systolic and diastolic) were significantly different. Post hoc analysis showed mean blood pressure (MBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) differing significantly between groups 1 and 4 (p<0.05 for both) along with other cardiovascular parameters. Age correlated positively with BMI and all parameters of BP. Significant gender differences were observed for stroke volume, cardiac output, up BRS, total BRS, peripheral resistance (PR), and aortic impedance.

Conclusions
Our study has provided reference values for BPV and BRS in an Indian population. It also indicates age-related neurocardiac imbalance and possible utility of these tests for screening at the start of neurocardiac damage in a healthy population.
Regulation of hippocampal information encoding by metabotopic glutamate receptors
Authors: Manahan-Vaughan Denise 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The hippocampus supports the acquisition of both spatial representations and long-term spatial memory. This is enabled by a triumvirate of physiological processes comprising information organisation and transfer by means of neuronal oscillations, creation of context-dependent spatial maps by means of place cells, and long-term storage of spatial experience by means of synaptic plasticity. All three processes are enabled by the glutamatergic system. Glutamate binding to ionotropic glutamate receptors enables both fast excitatory synaptic transmission (via AMPA receptors) and the initiation of long-term synaptic storage (via NMDA receptors). But glutamate also binds to metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. These receptors not only contribute to the stability of hippocampal encoding and the longevity of synaptic plasticity, they can also support synaptic information storage independent of NMDA receptor activation and are important for the acquisition and retention of long-term memory.
Measurement and covariance analysis of 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections at the effective neutron energies of 11.98 and 15.75 MeV
Authors: Yerraguntla Santhi Sheela , Naik Haladhara , Karantha Manjunatha , Ganesan Srinivasan , Saraswatula Suryanarayana Venkata , Nair Sreekumaran Narayana Pillai 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections relative to the cross sections of the 115In(n, n′)115mIn reaction have been measured at the effective neutron energies of 11.98 and 15.75 MeV by using activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. Neutron beam used in the present experiment was generated from the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction with the proton energies of 14 and 18 MeV at the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility, Mumbai. We also present the covariance information by taking into account the sources of error and the correlations between the attributes influencing the measurements. The 59Co(n, 2n)58Co reaction cross sections from the present work are then compared with the values from different evaluated nuclear data libraries. The micro-correlation technique suggested by Smith was modified to generate the covariance matrix for the measurements of reaction cross sections as the efficiencies of detector for the sample and monitor are correlated.
Quantification of Total and Mutant Huntingtin Protein Levels in Biospecimens Using a Novel alphaLISA Assay
Authors: Baldo Barbara , Sajjad Muhammad Umar , Cheong Rachel Y. , Bigarreau Julie , Vijayvargia Ravi , McLean Catriona , Perrier Anselme L. , Seong Ihn Sik , Halliday Glenda , Petersén Åsa , Kirik Deniz 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe neurodegenerative Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) amplification in the huntingtin protein (HTT). Currently there is no effective therapy available for HD; however, several efforts are directed to develop and optimize HTT-lowering methods to improve HD phenotypes. To validate these approaches, there is an immediate need for reliable, sensitive, and easily accessible methods to quantify HTT expression. Using the AlphaLISA platform, we developed two novel sensitive and robust assays for quantification of HTT in biological samples using commercially available antibodies. The first, a polyQ-independent assay, measures the total pool of HTT, while the second, a polyQ-dependent assay, preferentially detects the mutant form of HTT. Using purified HTT protein standards and brain homogenates from an HD mouse model, we determine a lower limit of quantification of 1 and 3 pmand optimal reproducibility with CV values lower than 7% for intra- and 20% for interassay. In addition, we used the assays to quantify HTT in neural stem cells generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cellsin vitroand in human brain tissue lysates. Finally, we could detect changes in HTT levels in a mouse model where mutant HTT was conditionally deleted in neural tissue, verifying the potential to monitor the outcome of HTT-lowering strategies. This analytical platform is ideal for high-throughput screens and thus has an added value for the HD community as a tool to optimize novel therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating HTT protein levels.
The effect of surgery on fat mass, lipid and glucose metabolism in mild primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Godang Kristin , Lundstam Karolina , Mollerup Charlotte , Fougner Stine Lyngvi , Pernow Ylva , Nordenström Jörgen , Rosén Thord , Jansson Svante , Hellström Mikael , Bollerslev Jens , Heck Ansgar , _ _ 
Published: July 2018

Context
Mild primary hyperparathyroidism has been associated with increased body fat mass and unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective
To assess the effect of parathyroidectomy on fat mass, glucose and lipid metabolism.

Design, patients, interventions, main outcome measures
119 patients previously randomized to observation (OBS; n = 58) or parathyroidectomy (PTX; n = 61) within the Scandinavian Investigation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) trial, an open randomized multicenter study, were included. Main outcome measures for this study were the differences in fat mass, markers for lipid and glucose metabolism between OBS and PTX 5 years after randomization.

Results
In the OBS group, total cholesterol (Total-C) decreased from mean 5.9 (±1.1) to 5.6 (±1.0) mmol/L (P = 0.037) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased from 3.7 (±1.0) to 3.3 (±0.9) mmol/L (P = 0.010). In the PTX group, the Total-C and LDL-C remained unchanged resulting in a significant between-group difference over time (P = 0.013 and P = 0.026, respectively). This difference was driven by patients who started with lipid-lowering medication during the study period (OBS: 5; PTX: 1). There was an increase in trunk fat mass in the OBS group, but no between-group differences over time. Mean 25(OH) vitamin D increased in the PTX group (P < 0.001), but did not change in the OBS group. No difference in parameters of glucose metabolism was detected.

Conclusion
In mild PHPT, the measured metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors were not modified by PTX. Observation seems safe and cardiovascular risk reduction should not be regarded as a separate indication for parathyroidectomy based on the results from this study.