bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infections in patients with lymphoma: An analysis of incidence, relationship and risk factors
Authors: Yıldız Abdulkerim , Albayrak Murat , Pala Çiğdem , Şahin Osman , Afacan Öztürk Hacer Berna , Güneş Gürsel , Maral Senem , Okutan Harika 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Bacterial infections and febrile neutropenia (FN) are major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of infections in lymphoma patients.
Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted on 200 lymphoma patients diagnosed and treated between January 2009 and December 2017 in Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in Ankara, Turkey.
Results: The mean follow-up period was 20.09 ± 19.81 months. The incidence of infection episode (IE) was 32.5% (65/200) and FN was 18.5% (37/200). Analysis of the data revealed that patients with IE had significantly higher rates of diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), lower baseline hemoglobin, lower baseline hematocrit, higher baseline lactate dehydrogenase levels, higher usage of central cathater, and a higher number of chemotherapy lines compared to patients with no IE. In logistic regression analysis, disease subtype of PCNSL, usage of central catheter and lactate deyhydrogenase (LDH) were found to increase the risk of infection. The odds ratio for PCNSL was 37.866 (p = 0.003), 2.679 for central catheter (p = 0.008) and 1.001 for LDH (p = 0.011).
Conclusions: The risk of infection in patients with lymphoma was associated with central catheter usage, higher LDH levels and a diagnosis of PCNSL. Baseline hematological parameters were not determined to have any impact on the occurrence of infection. Patients with these risk factors should be monitored more carefully and the maximum level of infection prevention should be taken.
Candida albicans induces TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling and inflammation in oral lichen planus-derived keratinocytes
Authors: Liu Jianwei , Geng Fanghui , Sun Hongying , Wang Xiaxia , Zhang Hui , Yang Qiaozhen , Zhang Jie 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The risk of oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease, becoming malignant increases by 21-fold in patients with fungal infection. This study examined the impact of Candida albicans exposure on Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in primary keratinocyte cultures obtained from OLP patients.
Methodology: Following co-culture of primary OLP keratinocyte cultures with C. albicans for 24 hours, inflammatory cytokine concentrations were determined by ELISA. TLR2, MyD88, and NF-κBp65 mRNA and protein expression were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. Keratinocyte apoptosis was also determined by flow cytometry.
Results: IL-10, IL-8, IL-2, and TNF-ɑ levels were significantly higher following co-culture with C. albicans (all p ≤ 0.034). MyD88, NF-κB p65, and TLR2 mRNA (all p < 0.001) and protein (all p ≤ 0.004) expression levels were significantly higher in OLP keratinocytes following C. albicans exposure. Finally, the apoptosis rates of OLP keratinocytes were 21.2%, 29.4%, and 25.4% for the control cells and 3.9%, 5.6%, and 4.4% for those exposed to C. albicans, suggesting that co-culture with C. albicans inhibits the apoptosis of OLP keratinocytes.
Conclusions: C. albicans activates the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in OLP keratinocytes, resulting in increased cytokine expression and decreased keratinocyte apoptosis. Two key events in the pathogenesis of OLP and its progression to malignancy, namely increased inflammation and decreased apoptosis, were induced by exposure to C. albicans. Thus, targeting this signaling pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent OLP malignant transformation.
Drug-resistant bacteria screening and patient barrier precautions are associated with decreased neonatal nosocomial infection
Authors: Guan Li-rong , Chen Jia , Wei Li-rong , Wang Xiao-shuang , Xue Dan , Yang Qin-yu , Li Yan-ping , Yu Jing 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Neonates are at high risk of nosocomial infections, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of drug-resistant bacteria (DRB) screening in combination with patient barrier precautions in controlling nosocomial infections in neonatal wards.
Methodology: The clinical data of neonates admitted to the Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China in 2010 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. In 2010, DRB screening was conducted using nasal and anal swabs. In 2012, in addition to the DRB screening, patient barrier precautions were implemented. The barrier precautions were lifted if the patients were negative for the DRB screening. Patients with DRB colonization were further isolated to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection. The rate of nosocomial infections in the two years was compared.
Results: A total of 1280 neonates in 2010 and 1504 neonates in 2012 were included in the analysis. No significant difference was noticed between the two years in gestational weeks, age, gender, and birth weight. The rate of nosocomial infections was reduced significantly from 2.34% in 2010 to 1.13% in 2012.
Conclusions: DRB screening in combination with the patient barrier precautions may reduce the risk of nosocomial infection in neonates.
Heterogeneous OH oxidation of secondary brown carbon aerosol
Authors: Schnitzler Elijah G. , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Light-absorbing organic aerosol, or brown carbon (BrC), has significant but
poorly constrained effects on climate; for example, oxidation in the
atmosphere may alter its optical properties, leading to absorption
enhancement or bleaching. Here, we investigate for the first time the effects
of heterogeneous OH oxidation on the optical properties of a laboratory
surrogate of aqueous, secondary BrC in a series of photo-oxidation chamber
experiments. The BrC surrogate was generated from aqueous resorcinol, or
1,3-dihydroxybenzene, and H2O2 exposed to >300 nm
radiation that is atomized, passed through trace gas denuders, and injected
into the chamber, which was conditioned to either 15 % or 60 %
relative humidity (RH). Aerosol absorption and scattering coefficients and single scattering albedo (SSA) at
405 nm were measured using a photoacoustic spectrometer. At
60 % RH, upon OH exposure,
absorption first increased, and the SSA decreased sharply. Subsequently,
absorption decreased faster than scattering, and SSA increased gradually.
Comparisons to the modelled trend in SSA, based on Mie theory calculations,
confirm that the observed trend is due to chemical evolution, rather than
slight changes in particle size. The initial absorption enhancement is likely
due to molecular functionalization and/or oligomerization and the bleaching
to fragmentation. By contrast, at 15 % RH, slow absorption enhancement
was observed without appreciable bleaching. A multi-layer kinetics model,
consisting of two surface reactions in series, was constructed to provide
further insights regarding the RH dependence of the optical evolution. Candidate parameters suggest
that the oxidation is efficient, with uptake coefficients on the order of
unity. The parameters also suggest that, as RH decreases, reactivity
decreases and aerosol viscosity increases, such that particles are well-mixed
at 60 % RH but not at 15 % RH. These results further the current
understanding of the complex processing of BrC that may occur in the
atmosphere.
Utilization of FT-NIR Spectroscopy to Check Acidity of Various Types of Cheeses
Authors: Sustova Kvetoslava , Mlcek Jiri , Luzova Tana , Kuchtik Jan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Monitoring the acidity of cheese is an important control mechanism in various stages of manufacture, including aging. Acid development in cheesemaking is essential to cheese flavor, texture, and safety. Objective: The aim of the work was to develop and validate calibration models by using NIR spectroscopy, which allows for the monitoring of changes in cheese acidity (pH and titration acidity) during cheese ripening. Methods: Cheeses were analyzed by an FT-NIR spectrometer. Each of the samples was analyzed three times, and for calibration, an average spectrum was used. A partial least-squares regression was used to develop calibration models. The constructed calibration models were validating by full cross-validation. Results: Calibration models were created with a high correlation coefficient for the following cheese pH levels: blue cheese (0.966), Olomouc curd read smear cheese (0.984), and fresh goat cheese (0.980). Results of the calibration of titratable acidity are functional for fresh goat cheese (0.953) and mozzarella (0.999). Conclusions: The results of these new calibration methods showed the possibility of NIR technology for the fast determination of pH and titratable acidity. Highlights: Detection of cheese acidity using FT-NIR spectrometry enables rapid evaluation of the process of lactic acidification in particular cheese technological operations, including the maturing of cheeses.
From the Editor: Connecting People to What They Need to Know
Authors: Kern M. Kathleen 
Published: October 2018

The title of this column comes from Dr. Carla Hayden’s interview at the RUSA President’s Program at ALA Annual 2018. In the words of the Librarian of Congress, “Reference is, of course, facts. But it is also connecting people to what they need to know, when they need to know it.” Her statement was not just about reference, but about the core purpose of what we do in our libraries—all types of libraries—every day.Listening to the conversation between past ALA President Courtney Young and Dr. Hayden, I was inspired by the themes that cut across library types and connected with the mission of RUSQ. RUSQ is focused on the work that we do, rather than where we perform that work. Place and community are immensely important but our fundamental professional value lies in how we connect with those communities. RUSQ’s columns, research articles, and reviews focus on our shared goals and work so that we can grow professionally through reading a broad range of perspectives, ideas, and research. This quarter’s issue exemplifies this model, presenting content from public and academic librarians on topics ranging from reading to reference to career changes.
Une transition professionnelle choisie : d’infirmière à cadre de santé en unité de soins
Authors: Piot Thierry 
Published: October 2018

Cet article concerne la notion de transition professionnelle qui constitue un moment spécifique dans les parcours professionnels qui ne sont plus linéaires. Nous caractérisons les transitions professionnelles à partir de l’explicitation de l’activité en mobilisant un double cadre théorique : celui de la didactique professionnelle et celui de l’agir communicationnel (Habermas). Les sujets enquêtés sont des infirmi
ère
s devenues cadres de santé en unités de soin. Les principaux résultats présentés montrent que cette transition a valeur d’épreuve pour chaque sujet afin qu’il domine des situations professionnelles inédites, sources potentielles de développement professionnel. Ces situations professionnelles réclament de nouvelles compétences ainsi que l’évolution de l’identité professionnelle.
Dynamique de rétention des micropolluants par un système extensif de traitement de rejets urbains de temps de pluie stricts d’un bassin versant résidentiel
Authors: Walaszek Milena , Laurent Julien , Bois Paul , Wanko Adrien 
Published: October 2018

L’objectif de cette étude est le suivi du devenir des polluants majeurs et des micropolluants dans une filière rustique de traitement des eaux pluviales strictes et l’évaluation de son efficacité. Le site expérimental est localisé à Strasbourg (67, France). Les eaux de ruissellement du bassin versant résidentiel urbain (2,71 ha) sont collectées par une mare de sédimentation connectée à un filtre planté de roseaux à écoulement vertical via un déversoir flottant. Elles sont ensuite rejetées dans le cours d’eau Ostwaldergraben. Le site est équipé d’une station météo dédiée et de trois préleveurs automatiques situés à trois points stratégiques du traitement : dans la canalisation d’entrée du système (eaux pluviales brutes), entre la mare de sédimentation et le filtre planté (eaux décantées) et à la sortie du système (eaux décantées et filtrées). Le suivi de la qualité de l’eau est réalisé via l’analyse des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) et des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) dans les phases particulaire et dissoute (Cd, Ni, Pb, Co, Cu et Zn). Sept campagnes de prélèvement ont été réalisées entre octobre 2015 et octobre 2016 lors d’événements pluvieux. Dans les eaux pluviales, les matières en suspension (MES), le carbone organique total (COT), les nutriments (N,P) et le chrome sont détectés à de faibles concentrations (MES < 18 mg∙L-1, COT < 8 mg∙L-1, N < 7 mg∙L-1, Cr < 5 µg∙L-1) alors que le zinc et cinq HAP (fluorène, fluoranthène, phénanthrène, pyrène et naphtalène) sont présents à des concentrations nocives pour la faune et la flore (Zn = 100-360 µg∙L-1, HAP = 10-60 µg∙L-1). Après cinq années de fonctionnement de la filière de traitement, le niveau d’abattement des micropolluants issus des rejets urbains de temps de pluie demeure très élevé.
Kecurangan dan Perlindungan Konsumen Asuransi
Authors: Sendra Ketut 
Published: October 2018

Establishing a national economy that can grow suatainably and stable, requires the financial service sectors conducting its business in a well organized, fair, transparent and accountable manner, and be able to protect the consumer’s and public’s interests.Transparency, fairness, reliability, confidentiality, security of consumer’s data and/or information, fast, simple complaint handling and affordable dispute resolution cost become the principles of consumers protection in the financial services sector.The common motive to conduct an insurance fraud is economical reason, that is for obtaining a financial benefit/advantage. Broadly, a fraud in insurance can be classified into 3 (three) main dimensions: dimension of the subject i.e the fraudsters; dimension of time, ie. the time during the process of underwriting and the process of claim; dimension of behaviour that is opportunistic act (soft fraud) or planned fraud (hard fraud). The insurance consumer’s awareness concerning the financial services sector activities is needed, so that the insurance financial services sector can be conducted in a well organized, fair, transparent and accountable manner. Keywords: Insurance Fraud, Insurance Consumer’s Protection
ANALYSIS OF IODINE CONTENT IN TABLE SALT
Authors: Wulandari Eka Ratri Noor 
Published: October 2018

Iodine is essential nutrients for human body. It is needed by thyroid gland to produce thyroxine hormone. Human body cannot produce iodine by itself. There are some sources of iodine in food such as seafood, milk, egg, fruit and vegetable that can be consumed to fulfill the daily needs. Table salt is one of iodine’s source that routinely consumed, based on SNI No. 3556:2010, it has to be fortified by potassium iodate of 30-80 ppm. Lack of iodine intake will lead a disorder called Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) which generally manifested as mumps. In this research, the analysis of iodate content in table salt was done by formation of blue I2-starch complex. The several optimum conditions showed for this measurement such as maximum wavelength, type and concentration of acid, and complex stability time. Based on commercial table salt sample analysis, showed that only 50% of our sample contain suitable amount of iodine while the others contains lower or almost no iodine. Keyword; table salt, iodine, iodate, I2-starch complex
TRAINING BOBATH METHODS BETTER THAN FELDENKRAIS METHODS TO IMPROVE OF BALANCE AMONG POST STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Pratama Aditya Denny 
Published: October 2018

Stroke is a disease affecting of brain that causes suddenly neurological dysfunction. Stroke can cause damage to brain tissue and clinically in a relatively long period of time and is the most common cause of physical disability such as decreased in the balance. This study aims to determine how much of an increase balance in patients with post stroke after being given Bobath training and Feldenkrais training. This study was an experimental with pretest-posttest group design conducted at Sasana Husada Stroke service and Karmel Stroke Service, in March-April 2015. This study used 14 subject of post stroke patients randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 was given Bobathtraining and group 2 was given Feldenkrais training. Both groups were given training 3 times a week for total 8 weeks. The balance test measured by Brunel Balance Assessment (BBA) instrument.The results showed that in group I there was an increasing balance of 4.71 ± 1.11 to 9.57 ± 1.72, while in group II was also an increase in balance of 4,71 ± 0,95 to 5.57 ± 0.98. Based on statistical tests, there is a significan increase of balance in group I and II after training. And training in group I was better than group II in improvement of balance among post stroke patient (p < 0.05).It can be conclusion that the training Bobath method is better thanFeldenkrais method to increase the balance of post stroke patients. Keyword; Stroke, Balance, BBA, Bobath, Feldenkrais
Erect Position as the Alternative Technique in Achilles Tendon US: Comparison with Prone Position
Authors: Muqmiroh Lailatul , Yusfadhiyah Safinah Fajarini , Rahardjo Paulus 
Published: October 2018

Background : Ultrasonography (US) is the cheaper and non invasive modality to determine Achilles tendon. Prone position is the standart position of Achilles tendon US. However, it is a discomfort for an uncooperative patient and a difficult technique too. The erect position is an alternative technique of Achilles tendon US. The goal of this study is to compare the erection as an alternative position with prone as a standart position.Material and Methode: The patient who had an injury or any inflamation process of Achilles tendon were excluded. The patient underwent two positions of Achilles tendon US, 900 and dorsoflexi. Longitudinal axis measured tendon thickness and a transversal axis which covered a cross-sectional area of the tendon.Result: From all the 21 patients coming, 13 patients were males (61,9%), and eight patients were females (38,1%). The mean of tendon thickness and cross-sectional area in 900 prone positions were 4,24±0,24 mm, 30,08±2,86 mm, respectively. The mean of tendon thickness and cross-sectional area in 900 erect positions were 4,27±0,23 mm, 31,36±2,19 mm, respectively. There was no anisotropy effect during longitudinal axis examination. Conclusion: We found that there were no significant differences between a prone and erect position (p<0.05). The erect postion could be an alternative position, uncooperative patient in particular, without reducing the diagnostic value. Keywords: Achilles tendon the US, erect position, prone position, tendon thickness, cross-sectional area
Finding the Optimized Frequency of Electric Field on The Attempt of Reducing Blood Sugar Level in Type II Diabetes Patients
Authors: Suhariningsih Suhariningsih , Winarni Dwi , Husen Saikhu Akhmad , Priyo Tri Anggono 
Published: October 2018

A study has been conducted to test the use of electric fields to lower blood sugar levels on rats with type II Diabetes Mellitus. This study uses male rats (Rattus novergicus), aged 8-12 weeks weighing 150-200 grams, with a total of 31 rats. Therapy was conducted by putting rats in a chamber that emits an electric field every day for 1 hour for 28 days. To search for the optimum frequency of the treatment, frequency variations of 15, 30, 60, and 120 kHz were given. The electrical charge distribution of the air in the room was then measured, whereas mice blood sugar levels were also measured to reveal the effect of the treatment on cell tolerance to sugar, and to come up with the measurement of insulin levels at the end of the treatment. The results of measurements of the electrical charges in the air were very significant generally showing that the treatment with a frequency of 15 to 120 KHz for 4 weeks in the experimental animals could lower their blood sugar (fasting period), but the success rate significantly occurred at a frequency of 15 kHz. The decrease in fasting blood sugar levels after the treatment was probably due to the influence of the treatment (the influence of an electric field) that improved the regulation of insulin receptors. Improvements in the regulation of insulin receptor activities with high gluconeogenesis may be the cause of a decrease in fasting blood sugar levels that is not accompanied by improved cell tolerance to sugar. Keywords: Electric Field, blood sugar levels, insulin levels
НАСЛЕДСТВЕННЫЕ СПАСТИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАПЛЕГИИ: МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ И ДНК-ДИАГНОСТИКА, "Успехи современной биологии"
Authors: Кадникова В. А. , Рыжкова О. П. , Руденская Г.Е. , Поляков А.В. 
Published: October 2018

Наследственные спастические параплегии (НСП) - группа нейродегенеративных болезней с преобладающим поражением пирамидного тракта. Их ведущий или единственный симптом - нижний спастический парапарез, проявляющийся прогрессирующими трудностями ходьбы. НСП разно- образны по типам наследования и клиническим характеристикам. С развитием молекулярной генетики и особенно с появлением методов секвенирования нового поколения (NGS - next-generation sequencing, секвенирование нового поколения, массовое параллельное секвенирование, высокопроизводительное секвенирование) выявлена выраженная молекулярно-генетическая гетерогенность НСП. В настоящее время известно около 80 генных локусов различных НСП (SPG: Spastic Paraplegia Gene, с нумерацией по хронологии картирования), подавляющее большинство генов идентифицированы. Самые частые из аутосомно-доминантных форм - SPG4 и SPG3, из аутосомно-рецессивных - SPG11, SPG15, SPG7. Механизмы действия генов НСП также разнообразны: нарушения нейронального мембранного транспорта, процессов миелинизации, липидного обмена, митохондриальных функций и др. Многочисленные гено- и фенокопии НСП затрудняют диагностику на долабораторном этапе. Важная роль в дифференциальной диагностике с другими нейродегенерациями принадлежит методам нейровизуализации. Единственным методом лабораторной верификации НСП и ряда генокопий является ДНК-диагностика: поиск мутаций в отдельных генах и/или анализ многих генов одновременно методами NGS (панельное, полноэкзомное, полногеномное). При ДНК-верифицированном диагнозе возможна генетическая профилактика в семьях: дородовая или доимплантационная ДНК-диагностика. В настоящее время лечение НСП - исключительно симптоматическое (антиспастические препараты и др.), однако ведется разработка новых терапевтических подходов с учетом механизма действия генов.
О ПРИНЦИПАХ ОПТИМАЛЬНОСТИ ПРИ ПОСТРОЕНИИ СЕТИ АРТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ СОСУДОВ СКЕЛЕТНЫХ МЫШЦ, "Успехи физиологических наук"
Authors: Мелькумянц А. М. 
Published: October 2018

В работе рассматриваются принципы оптимальности, которым подчиняется артериальная сеть органов. В частности, обсуждается вопрос о характерном для сосудистой системы скелетных мышц отклонении от принципа «энергетической оптимальности» Мюррея. Предлагается новая гипотеза, согласно которой сеть артериальных сосудов строится не только в соответствии с принципом минимизации энергозатрат, но и с учетом её способности обеспечивать максимально быстрое увеличение кровотока при реализации оборонительной реакции.