bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress in health care professionals
Authors: Guitar Nicole A , Molinaro Monica L 
Published: May 2018

Three-quarters of Canadians are exposed to a traumatic event sufficient to cause psychological trauma in their lifetime. In fact, post-traumatic stress disorder is a global health issue with a prevalence as high as 37%. Health care professionals trained to provide mental health treatment for these individuals are at risk of developing vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress, both of which result in adverse symptoms for the health care provider that often mimic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Vicarious trauma develops over time as the clinician is continually exposed to their clients’ traumatic experiences, while clinicians experiencing secondary traumatic stress begin to experience the symptoms of PTSD due to secondary exposure of the traumatic event. Both vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress cause mental, physical, and emotional issues for health care professionals that include burnout and decreased self-worth. Health care systems and administration should aim to develop training and professional education for health care providers. This review will emphasize what factors lead to the development of vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress, and what aids or supports can be implemented to treat the symptoms. The implications for policy development and training will be discussed.
The etiology of spaceflight-associated hearing loss
Authors: Kadem Mason 
Published: May 2018

Since the Apollo space missions, spaceflight-associated hearing loss has been considered a medical risk. NASA has given over a million dollars to astronauts as compensation for their hearing loss. The cause of spaceflight-associated hearing loss is unknown. Currently, research has shown sensorimotor and perceptual performance deteriorates after spaceflight. Certainly, the resulting hearing loss may not be caused by a unitary phenomenon, but rather due to a combination of factors endured during space flight. While presumed to be noise-induced, no link has been established between hearing loss and noise exposure during spaceflight; thus, countermeasures to reduce noise alone may be ineffective. Assessing the cause of spaceflight associated hearing loss may provide insight into novel neural, functional, and structural manifestations which could improve the safety and efficacy of terrestrial and space habitats.
Updates on chronic non-cancer pain management in face of the opioid crisis
Authors: Sivakumar Gayathri , Budure Alexandra , Quint Elise 
Published: May 2018

Chronic pain not associated with malignancy is experienced by a significant proportion of the Canadian population. As the quality of life and physical functioning are markedly impaired in patients with chronic non-cancer pain, clinicians have commonly turned to opioid therapy for pain management. Since the 1990s, the steady increase in dispensing of prescription opioids has paralleled trends in opioid-related hospitalizations, overdoses, and fatalities. In fact, over-prescription and longterm opioid therapy are among the many root causes fueling Canada’s rise in opioid addiction and opioid-related deaths. Physicians and medical regulators have responded to this public health crisis by developing the 2017 Canadian Guideline for Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain. The new evidence-based guideline aims to encourage safe prescribing practices, reduce and eliminate the use of opioid analgesics and promote non-opioid pharmacotherapy. While clear clinical guidelines will optimize physician prescribing patterns, it is imperative to recognize the need for non-pharmacological modalities for pain management, treatment, and care to holistically address the complex roots of opioid abuse.
Botulinum toxin therapy in amputee pain management
Authors: Neferu Ramona , Viana Ricardo , Miller Tom , Payne Michael 
Published: May 2018

Background: Post-amputation pain is common, occurring in up to 85% of patients. The pain can be related to the etiology of amputation, post-surgical healing, or prosthetic use. Pain syndromes may arise from a variety of tissue pathologies and can be broadly categorized into residual limb pain (RLP) or phantom limb pain (PLP). Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been found to be effective in treating a variety of neuropathic pain conditions. This scoping review summarizes the use of BTX in RLP and PLP management of patients with a major extremity amputation.
Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Sixteen studies were included. Most studies excluded did not address BTX use in amputee pain management. Extracted data were categorized by either RLP or PLP.
Results: Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 case series, and 4 case reports were included (total 68 patients, 82 amputations). Seven studies addressed BTX use in both RLP and PLP, 5 studies address RLP exclusively, and 5 additional studies exclusively addressed PLP. Toxin types, injection techniques, and dosages varied between the studies. Negative results were reported in 2 RCTs and 2 case series showing 30% of patients with RLP and 50% patients with PLP did not benefit from BTX.
Conclusion: Literature for BTX in PLP and RLP is broad but lacking rigour for definitive conclusions to guide usage. There were more positive results for BTX use in RLP than in PLP. Case reports and patient series show promising results for both PLP and RLP, indicating future research should be directed at adequately-powered prospective trials.
Cover art
Authors: Rizos Julian 
Published: May 2018

Cover art by Julian Rizos.
Description: This cover art is based conceptually on the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) Analgesic Ladder, a framework used by physicians to develop treatment plans for pain management. In this rendition, treatment modalities begin with over the counter non-pharmacologics then progress to prescription medications, opioids, nonprescription drugs and alcohol higher up. The ladder is more and more broken with each rising step, so in order to access more powerful analgesics, there is increasing risk of the ladder crumbling and succumbing to addiction, overdose, and death.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO TORNADO OCORRIDO EM MARECHAL CÂNDIDO RONDON E QUATRO PONTES EM NOVEMBRO DE 2015
Authors: Hornes Karin Linete , Balicki Marcos 
Published: May 2018

O tornado é um dos fenômenos atmosféricos mais severos que existem na natureza, apesar de sua rápida atuação de tempo e espaço, causam grandes prejuízos por onde passam. No Brasil, com a chegada de estações de transição como a primavera e o outono, surgem condições propicias que geram grandes tempestades que podem evoluir a supercélulas e que por fatores dinâmicos regionais, podem gerar aguaceiros, vendavais (downburst), grandes volumes de granizo, raios e tornados. Sendo assim, este artigo tem por objetivo a caracterização da ocorrência de um tornado de múltiplos vórtices nos municípios paranaenses de Marechal Cândido Rondon e Quatro Pontes no dia 19 de novembro de 2015. A pesquisa procurou caracterizar toda a extensão percorrida pelo fenômeno, tanto nos aspectos dos danos socioambientais como também em relação a dinâmica climática envolvida. Para a caracterização do evento, foram realizadas análises em imagens de radar, de satélite e em conjunto com atividades de campo, foi possível verificar os elementos envolvidos na atuação desse tornado. Concluindo nesse artigo, serão destacados os componentes presentes na ação do tornado, afim de propor atividades que auxiliem a monitoração de alguns elementos, que podem dar origem ao episódio e que permitem verificar e relacionar com semelhantes eventos futuros.
Problem-based Learning: Nursing students’ attitude, self-reported competence, tutorial performance and self-directed learning readiness
Authors: Bruce Judith C. , Lack Melanie , Bomvana Nthabiseng M. , Qamata-Mtshali Nomawethu 
Published: May 2018

Background and objectives: Problem-based learning (PBL) is widely recognized as progressive pedagogy for the preparation of a range of health professionals. Despite the prominence of PBL in contemporary discussions about the education of future health professionals, its value is increasingly being contested in light of shrinking resources and increasing student enrolments in universities. The objectives were to ascertain Bachelor of Nursing (BN) students’ attitude towards the value of PBL as a learning strategy; to determine BN students’ degree of certainty about their competence in PBL processes; to determine whether student performance in PBL tutorials improve over four years of study; and to compare the self-directed learning readiness of PBL students to those who are not exposed to PBL.Methods: The study followed a descriptive and comparative survey design to collect the data. Participants were BN students who were invited to participate in the descriptive survey (n = 92), and purposively selected (n = 159) for comparison between PBL (n = 54) and non-PBL (n = 105) groups.Results: The majority of students found PBL a stimulating (59.8%; n = 55), useful (65.2%; n = 60), empowering (70.6%; n = 65) and enlightening (60.8%; n = 56) learning strategy; most students (53.2%; n = 49) expressed certainty about their competence in “accessing relevant literature/evidence” but more (56.3%; n = 52) were less certain about their ability to “integrate information into nursing care”. First year students performed poorly in PBL tutorials but showed a significant improvement in the final year of study in problem-solving (p = .0001), contribution to the group (p = .000), communication (p = .000), critical thinking (p = .001), learning skills (p = .001), personal growth (p = .000) and leadership skills (p = .041). There was no significant difference between PBL and non-PBL students’ overall readiness for self-directed learning (p = .69).Conclusions: The findings suggest that BN students generally have a positive attitude towards PBL, finding it stimulating, useful, empowering and enlightening in a transformative learning environment. However, fewer students feel that they are competent in the majority of the PBL processes. The biggest learning gains for students during PBL tutorials are in problem-solving, contributions to the group, communication, learning skills, critical thinking, personal growth and leadership. PBL and non-PBL students are similar in their self-directed learning readiness regardless of the learning strategy used.
Autonomie met perspectief. Een terreinverkenning voor toekomstige relaties van Caribische landen met Nederland en Europa
Authors: Hirsch Ballin E.M.H. 
Published: May 2018

Autonomie met perspectief. Een terreinverkenning voor toekomstige relaties van Caribische landen met Nederland en Europa
Gedurende zijn lezing aan de University of Curaçao op 2 oktober 2017, stond prof. dr. E.M.H. Hirsch Ballin stil bij de relaties van Caribische landen met Europa, in het bijzonder met Nederland, en bij de rol van het Statuut.
Reactie en naschrift op het artikel ‘Alcohol en drugs in het weg-, vlieg- en vaarverkeer’ van mr. W.A.M. Hu-a-ng
Authors: de Doelder H. 
Published: May 2018

Reactie en naschrift op het artikel ‘Alcohol en drugs in het weg-, vlieg- en vaarverkeer’ van mr. W.A.M. Hu-a-ng
Reactie en naschrift op het artikel ‘Alcohol en drugs in het weg-, vlieg- en vaarverkeer’ van mr. W.A.M. Hu-a-ng.
De (aangepaste) straffen voor zedendelicten in het Curaçaose strafrecht bekeken
Authors: Murray M.F. 
Published: May 2018

De (aangepaste) straffen voor zedendelicten in het Curaçaose strafrecht bekeken
Naar aanleiding van een mediagevoelige uitspraak in een zedenzaak is in Curaçao een discussie ontstaan over de hoogte van de maximale straffen op zedendelicten. In de discussie stond centraal in hoeverre de maximale straffen op zedendelicten voldoende hoog zijn. In deze bijdrage zal ingegaan worden op het feitelijk relaas van de zedenzaak evenals de herkomst van de thans geldende maximale straffen op zedendelicten.
LEARNING TO SAY GRACE
Authors: Greer Tim 
Published: May 2018

Based on a detailed analysis of four naturally occurring dinner-table conversations video-recorded over a period of three weeks, this study uses longitudinal Conversation Analysis to track an outsider's growing involvement in the family ritual of praying before each meal. Through a detailed turn-by-turn account, the analysis demonstrates how the visitor moves from peripheral observation to more active participation, suggesting that his involvement in learning to say grace was one way he adapted his interactional and cultural practices to align with those of the host family. The analysis also considers the role of other family members in inviting participation and reprimanding non-normative behaviour.
Enhanced result on stability analysis of randomly occurring uncertain parameters, leakage, and impulsive BAM neural networks with time‐varying delays: Discrete‐time case
Authors: Sowmiya C. , Raja R. , Cao Jinde , Rajchakit G. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn real‐world problems, neural networks play an increasingly important role in terms of both theory and applications. In this paper, the asymptotic stability analysis issue is investigated for uncertain impulsive discrete‐time bidirectional associative memory neural networks with leakage and time‐varying delays. With the assistance of novel summation inequality, reciprocally convex combination technique, and triple Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals terms, many cases of time‐varying delays are examined to certify the stability of neural networks. Here, the uncertainties are considered as a randomly occurring parameter uncertainty, and it conforms certain mutually uncorrelated Bernoulli‐distributed white noise sequences. An important feature of the results reported here is that the probability of occurrence of the parameter uncertainties specify a priori estimate. Finally, numerical examples are proposed to expose the capability and efficiency of our research work with the help of the LMI control toolbox in MATLAB.
Tissue Engineering at the Blood‐Contacting Surface: A Review of Challenges and Strategies in Vascular Graft Development
Authors: Radke Daniel , Jia Wenkai , Sharma Dhavan , Fena Kemin , Wang Guifang , Goldman Jeremy , Zhao Feng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are beginning to achieve clinical success and hold promise as a source of grafting material when donor grafts are unsuitable or unavailable. Significant technological advances have generated small‐diameter TEVGs that are mechanically stable and promote functional remodeling by regenerating host cells. However, developing a biocompatible blood‐contacting surface remains a major challenge. The TEVG luminal surface must avoid negative inflammatory responses and thrombogenesis immediately upon implantation and promote endothelialization. The surface has therefore become a primary focus for research and development efforts. The current state of TEVGs is herein reviewed with an emphasis on the blood‐contacting surface. General vascular physiology and developmental challenges and strategies are briefly described, followed by an overview of the materials currently employed in TEVGs. The use of biodegradable materials and stem cells requires careful control of graft composition, degradation behavior, and cell recruitment ability to ensure that a physiologically relevant vessel structure is ultimately achieved. The establishment of a stable monolayer of endothelial cells and the quiescence of smooth muscle cells are critical to the maintenance of patency. Several strategies to modify blood‐contacting surfaces to resist thrombosis and control cellular recruitment are reviewed, including coatings of biomimetic peptides and heparin.
Precisely Controlled Up/Down‐Conversion Liquid and Solid State Photoluminescence of Carbon Dots
Authors: Ren Junkai , Sun Jibin , Sun Xingming , Song Rui , Xie Zheng , Zhou Shuyun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this work, an efficient strategy is proposed to obtain single‐type carbon dots with precisely controlled up/down‐conversion photoluminescence under both liquid and solid states. Tunable fluorescence from green to red color can be achieved via either changing the solvents or matrices composition, or adjusting the concentration of carbon dots. In particular, the photoluminescence of the carbon dots can be linearly modulated by adjusting the polarity of the solvent, which is attributed to the surface‐state fluorescence mechanism. That is, the increase of solvent polarity causes the decrease of the highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels, and therefore leads to the bathochromic shift of fluorescent emission. Meanwhile, the as‐prepared carbon dots and their hybrids possess excellent thermal stability. Thus, the obtained carbon dots are employed into different solid matrices as multicolor phosphors to fabricate white light‐emitting diodes that are suitable for indoor lighting. In addition, the realization of precisely controlled photoluminescence from the single‐type carbon dots will have wide applications in luminescent fields.
All‐Optical and Ultrafast Tuning of Terahertz Plasmonic Metasurfaces
Authors: Cai Honglei , Huang Qiuping , Hu Xiang , Liu Yu , Fu Zhengping , Zhao Yi , He Hongchuan , Lu Yalin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMetasurfaces have been widely used to manipulate terahertz waves due to their great potential for achieving unique electromagnetic responses. However, to realize ultrafast and efficient control of the light in active metasurfaces is still a critical challenge. Here, an ultrafast tunable metasurface which consists of ion‐implanted and annealed silicon disk array is experimentally demonstrated in the terahertz range. By utilizing the optical‐pump terahertz‐probe spectroscopy, the absolute transmission modulation up to 38% is realized at the electric dipole resonance under the femtosecond pulse excitation, with a switch‐on time within 20 ps and a recovery time of 300 ps. Furthermore, a theoretical analysis that quantitatively models the time dependence of the electron–hole plasma density and the permittivity of the silicon disks is proposed. Then, the transient transmission spectra of the metasurface are numerically simulated, which agree well with the experimental performances. The silicon‐based metasurface shows significant potential in ultrafast terahertz optics.
Continued increase in lung transplantation for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis in the United States
Authors: Blackley David J. , Halldin Cara N. , Laney A. Scott 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundSevere coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) is increasingly common, and sometimes requires lung transplantation.MethodsUsing Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network data, we updated the trend for CWP‐related lung transplants, described CWP patients who have been waitlisted but not transplanted, and characterized the primary payer of medical costs for CWP‐related and other occupational lung disease transplants.ResultsThere have been at least 62 CWP‐related lung transplants; 49 (79%) occurred in the last decade. The rate of these procedures has also increased. Twenty‐seven patients were waitlisted but did not receive a transplant. Compared to other occupational lung diseases, transplants for CWP were more likely to be paid for by public insurance.ConclusionsThe increase in the frequency and rate of lung transplantation for CWP is consistent with the rising prevalence of severe CWP among U.S. coal miners. Effective exposure controls and identification of early stage CWP remain essential for protecting these workers.
Review on the adverse health effects of asbestiform antigorite, a non‐regulated asbestiform serpentine mineral
Authors: Baur Xaver 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundAlthough antigorite is generally described as platy, its fibrous (asbestiform) variant is present widespread in serpentinite rocks. In addition to its primarily fibrous occurrence, asbestiform antigorite may also be formed from serpentinite with massive appearance during tunneling and mining. It is not of commercial interest, but exposure may occur in the certain environments.Methods and ResultsDetailed studies of the structural features of this antigorite type revealed characteristics closely related to those of chrysotile. Therefore, it is plausible that this serpentine mineral may present a similar health risk for exposed subjects. This is in agreement with results from clinical and animal studies, as well as in vitro experiments showing the cytotoxic, fibrogenic, and carcinogenic potential of antigorite, similar to that of chrysotile and amphibole asbestos.ConclusionsCurrent evidence supports a need for an update to existing regulations to include unregulated asbestiform antigorite, similar to regulatory measures taken for asbestos.
Palladium/Acid‐Catalyzed Straightforward Allylation of Arenes using 1‐Substituted Propynes via Aryl C−H Bond Activation
Authors: Minami Yasunori , Furuya Yuki , Hiyama Tamejiro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe title reaction of heteroarenes or electron‐deficient arenes with 1‐substituted propynes took place via C(sp2)−H bond activation in arenes to give the corresponding allylarenes in a straightforward and regioselective manner. When 1,2,4,5‐tetrafluorobenzene was used, a double allylation product, bis(2‐propen‐1‐yl)tetrafluorobenzene, was isolated.
SnI4⋅(S8)2: A Novel Adduct‐Type Infrared Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Crystal
Authors: Guo Sheng‐Ping , Chi Yang , Xue Huai‐Guo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA simple adduct from tin tetraiodide SnI4 and octasulfur S8, SnI4⋅(S8)2 (1), is obtained employing a facile reaction. The combination of Sn4+ ions with d10 electron configuration, acentric SnI4 tetrahedra, and lone‐pair effects of S8, makes 1 a phase‐matchable infrared NLO crystal with a moderate second‐harmonic generation (SHG) response and a very high laser‐induced damage threshold (LIDT), which is well confirmed by the DFT calculations.
Nanoskalige anorganische Energiematerialien aus molekularen Vorstufen bei tiefer Temperatur
Authors: Panda Chakadola , Menezes Prashanth W. , Driess Matthias 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDie Niedertemperatursynthese von anorganischen Materialien und ihren Grenzflächen bietet zahlreiche Möglichkeiten für die Entwicklung und Optimierung anorganischer Materialien in der heterogenen Katalyse, um eine nachhaltige chemische Energieumwandlung oder andere Anwendungen in Energie einsparenden Bereichen zu ermöglichen. Die Verwendung geeigneter molekularer Vorstufen zur Synthese funktioneller anorganischer Nanomaterialien ermöglicht die Kontrolle über einheitliche Partikelgrößenverteilung und Stöchiometrie im Hinblick auf gewünschte chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften. In diesem Kurzaufsatz werden einige Vorteile der Verwendung molekularer Vorstufen skizziert und anhand ausgewählter Molekül‐zu‐Nanomaterialien‐Synthesen für Anwendungen auf dem Gebiet der erneuerbaren Energien im Bereich der Sauerstoffbildungsreaktion (OER), der Wasserstoffbildungsreaktion (HER) und der gesamten Wasserspaltung diskutiert.