bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of local species richness and their associations with functional traits in a 60‐ha tropical forest dynamics plot
Authors: Zang Lipeng , Xu Han , Lin Mingxian , Zang Runguo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the underlying mechanisms of diversity maintenance in tropics remains a challenge for ecologists. To reveal the underlying mechanism from a plant‐eye‐view perspective, we examined the patterns of local species richness which was defined as the number of species around individuals of a target species within circles of different radii and their correlations with major plant functional traits in a tropical montane rainforest. In 2012, we established a 60‐ha forest dynamics plot (FDP) in tropical montane rainforest on Hainan Island, China. In 2013, we measured eight functional traits (specific leaf area [SLA], leaf dry matter content [LDMC], wood density, potential maximum height, leaf carbon content [LCC], leaf nitrogen content [LNC], leaf phosphorus content [LPC], and leaf potassium content) of all the species in the FDP. Based on all the mapped individuals that had a diameter at breast height ≥10 cm, we utilized individual species–area relationships function (ISARs(r)) combined with the heterogeneous Poisson null model to quantify the patterns of local species richness at scales from 1 to 50 m. Regression analysis was used to determine which functional traits could influence the local diversity pattern. Results showed that the 123 ISARs(r) curves were relatively similar and no species seemed to be extremely higher or lower than the average of all the ISARs(r) curves. The percentage of species that behaved predominantly as accumulators or repellers or neutrally was 42.23%, 13.82%, and 43.9% at scale of <30 m, respectively. But at scales ≥30 m, more than 70% of all species behaved neutrally suggesting that facilitative interactions probably occurred when neighborhoods were <30 m apart. Among the eight measured traits, the SLA, LNC, and LPC were negatively associated with local species richness. Our results indicated that (1) the spatial community structure was not controlled by key species; (2) facilitative interactions played an important role in local diversity maintenance; (3) species with conservative functional trait syndromes were more likely to have relatively high local species richness in the tropical montane rainforest on Hainan Island, China.
Linking tree physiological constraints with predictions of carbon and water fluxes at an old‐growth coniferous forest
Authors: Jiang Yueyang , Kim John B. , Trugman Anna T. , Kim Youngil , Still Christopher J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOld‐growth coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest are among the most productive temperate ecosystems and have the capacity to store large amounts of carbon for multiple centuries. To date, there are considerable gaps in modeling ecosystem fluxes and their responses to physiological constraints in these old‐growth forests. These model shortcomings limit our ability to understand and project how the old‐growth forests of the Pacific Northwest will respond to global climate change. This study applies the cohort‐based Ecosystem Demography Model 2 (ED2) to the Wind River Experimental Forest (Washington, USA), a well‐studied old‐growth Douglas‐fir–western hemlock ecosystem. ED2 is calibrated and validated using an extensive suite of forest inventory, eddy covariance, and biophysical observations. ED2 is able to reproduce observed forest composition and canopy structure, and carbon, water, and energy fluxes at the site. In the simulations, the effect of limited water supply on ecosystem carbon fluxes is mediated primarily by the forest's gross primary productivity (GPP) response, rather than its heterotrophic respiration response. The simulation indicates that stomatal conductance is mainly determined by soil moisture during periods of low vapor pressure deficit (VPD). However, when VPD is high, stomatal conductance is greatly reduced regardless of soil moisture status. During summer droughts, reduced soil moisture and increased VPD result in considerable stomatal closure and GPP reduction, which in turn decreases net carbon uptake. Cohort‐based scheme integrates all canopy layers (species) that have distinct sensitivity to microclimate and respond distinctly to drought. This study is an initial first step to explore the potential importance of cohort‐based model in simulating forest with complex structure, and to lay the foundation for applying cohort‐based model at regional scales across the Pacific Northwest.
Health‐related quality of life change in patients treated at a multidisciplinary pain clinic
Authors: Vartiainen Pekka , Heiskanen Tarja , Sintonen Harri , Roine Risto P. , Kalso Eija 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundMultidisciplinary pain management (MPM) is a generally accepted method for treating chronic pain, but heterogeneous outcome measures provide only limited conclusions concerning its effectiveness. Therefore, further studies on the effectiveness of MPM are needed to identify subgroups of patients who benefit, or do not benefit, from these interventions. Our aim was to analyse health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) changes after MPM and to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes.MethodsWe carried out a real world observational follow‐up study of chronic pain patients referred to a tertiary multidisciplinary outpatient pain clinic to describe, using the validated HRQoL instrument 15D, the HRQoL change after MPM and to identify factors associated with this change. 1,043 patients responded to the 15D HRQoL questionnaire at baseline and 12 months after the start of treatment. Background data were collected from the pre‐admission questionnaire of the pain clinic.ResultsFifty‐three percent of the patients reported a clinically important improvement and, of these, 81% had a major improvement. Thirty‐five percent reported a clinically important deterioration, and 12% had no change in HRQoL. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that major improvement was positively associated with shorter duration of pain (<3 years), worse baseline HRQoL, higher education levels and being employed.ConclusionsThe majority of the patients reported significant HRQoL improvement after multidisciplinary pain management. Better understanding of the factors associated with treatment outcomes is needed to meet the needs of those who had unfavourable outcomes.SignificanceMultidisciplinary pain management (MPM) increases the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in most patients. More research into factors associated with HRQoL change is needed to understand why not all patients benefit from MPM and how MPM approaches could be improved to meet the needs of these patients.
Individual differences in sustained attention are associated with cortical thickness
Authors: Mitko Alex , Rothlein David , Poole Victoria , Robinson Meghan , McGlinchey Regina , DeGutis Joseph , Salat David , Esterman Michael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have examined how individual differences in sustained attention relate to functional brain measures (e.g., functional connectivity), but far fewer studies relate sustained attention ability, or cognition in general, to individual differences in cortical structure. Functional magnetic resonance imaging meta‐analyses and patient work have highlighted that frontoparietal regions, lateralized to the right hemisphere, are critical for sustained attention, though recent work implicates a broader expanse of brain regions. The current study sought to determine if and where variation in cortical thickness is significantly associated with sustained attention performance. Sustained attention was measured using the gradual onset continuous performance task and the Test of Variables of Attention in 125 adult Veteran participants after acquiring two high‐resolution structural MRI scans. Whole‐brain vertex‐wise analyses of the cortex demonstrated that better sustained attention was associated with increased thickness in visual, somatomotor, frontal, and parietal cortices, especially in the right hemisphere. Network‐based analyses revealed relationships between sustained attention and cortical thickness in the dorsal attention, ventral attention, somatomotor, and visual networks. These results indicate cortical thickness in multiple regions and networks is associated with sustained attention, and add to the growing knowledge of how structural MRI can help explain individual differences in cognition.
Measuring expansion from macro‐ to nanoscale using NPC as intrinsic reporter
Authors: Pesce Luca , Cozzolino Marco , Lanzanò Luca , Diaspro Alberto , Bianchini Paolo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExpansion microscopy is a super‐resolution method that allows expanding uniformly biological samples, by increasing the relative distances among fluorescent molecules labeling specific components. One of the main concerns in this approach regards the isotropic behavior at the nanoscale. The present study aims to determine the robustness of such a technique, quantifying the expansion parameters i.e. scale factor, isotropy, uniformity. Our focus is on the nuclear pore complex (NPC), as well‐known nanoscale component endowed of a preserved and symmetrical structure localized on the nuclear envelope. Here, we show that Nup153 is a good reporter to quantitatively address the isotropy of the expansion process. The quantitative analysis carried out on NPCs, at different spatial scales, allows concluding that expansion microscopy can be used at the nanoscale to measure subcellular features with an accuracy from 10 to 5 nm. Therefore, it is an excellent method for structural studies of macromolecular complexes.
First clinical application of octacalcium phosphate collagen composite on bone regeneration in maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A prospective, single‐arm, open‐label clinical trial
Authors: Miura Kei‐ichiro , Sumita Yoshinori , Kajii Fumihiko , Tanaka Hidenori , Kamakura Shinji , Asahina Izumi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe overall objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of OCP/Col as a bone substitute material for bone regeneration during sinus floor augmentation. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation was performed thorough lateral window approach. According to the height of host bone, simultaneous approach (≥5 mm) or staged approach (less than 5 mm) was applied. In this research, clinical findings of dental implant treatment after setting the restorations were set as a primary endpoint in both approaches (infection, inflammation around the implant, movement of the implant, pain, sensory disorder, and bone resorption around the implant body on radiological evaluation.). In staged approach, histological evaluation of bone biopsy specimen was also conducted. As secondary endpoints, hounsfield unit (HU) value, vertical bone height, implant stability quotient (ISQ), and adverse events during the research were evaluated. In all cases, as a primary endpoint, clinical findings after setting the restorations were uneventful with no adverse events. Histological structure demonstrated mature bone derived from OCP/Col. In the ossified area, osteogenesis was observed around OCP granules, and osteoblast‐like cells were arrayed around OCP granules. Osteocyte encapsulation was recognized in the new bone. HU increased over time with both approaches. Vertical bone height significantly increased at 3 months postoperatively, and maintained during follow‐up. ISQ increased with both approaches. In particular, ISQ was significantly increased with the staged approach. This clinical trial demonstrated the safety and efficacy of OCP/Col for bone regeneration in maxillary sinus floor augmentation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:243–252, 2020.
The maximum number of columns in supersaturated designs with
Authors: Morales Luis B. , Bulutoglu Dursun A. , Arasu K. T. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCheng and Tang [Biometrika, 88 (2001), pp. 1169–1174] derived an upper bound on the maximum number of columns that can be accommodated in a two‐symbol supersaturated design (SSD) for a given number of rows () and a maximum in absolute value correlation between any two columns (). In particular, they proved that for (mod ) and . However, the only known SSD satisfying this upper bound is when . By utilizing a computer search, we prove that for , and . These results are obtained by proving the nonexistence of certain resolvable incomplete blocks designs. The combinatorial properties of the RIBDs are used to reduce the search space. Our results improve the lower bound for SSDs with rows and columns, for , and . Finally, we show that a skew‐type Hadamard matrix of order can be used to construct an SSD with rows and columns that proves . Hence, we establish for and for all (mod ) such that . Our result also implies that when is a prime power and (mod ). We conjecture that for all and (mod ), where is the maximum number of equiangular lines in with pairwise angle .
Acculturation and adjustment of migrants reporting trauma: The contextual effects of perceived ethnic density
Authors: Jurcik Tomas , Sunohara Momoka , Yakobov Esther , Solopieiva‐Jurcikova Ielyzaveta , Ahmed Rana , Ryder Andrew G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLittle is known about the relation between acculturation and socioecological contexts of migrants with a personal trauma history living in the community. This study represents an extension of our previous work and aimed to unpack the perceived neighborhood ethnic density (ED) effect and examine the moderating role of ED on the acculturation–adjustment relation in a community sample of migrants with trauma (N = 99) from developing countries residing in Montreal, Canada. ED was protective against general psychological distress but did not predict posttraumatic symptoms. The ED effect was mediated via degree of acculturation to the French–Canadian mainstream cultural context, rather than heritage acculturation, social support, or discrimination. Moreover, protective effects of French–Canadian mainstream acculturation for depressive symptoms and life satisfaction were found under high but not low ED conditions. Similarities and differences with our previous research as well as theoretical and prevention implications are discussed from a person–environment interaction perspective.
Associations between sense of community and wellbeing: A comprehensive variable and person‐centered exploration
Authors: Coulombe Simon , Krzesni David A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThe study aims to better understand the relationship between sense of community (SOC) and wellbeing from multiple analytical perspectives, considering different aspects of wellbeing and individual contextual factors.MethodsFour hundred and ninety‐one adults from Québec, Canada, completed an online survey, and 296 also completed it a month later. We explored 1) cross‐sectional associations between SOC and wellbeing, 2) latent profiles of people, underlying the association between SOC and wellbeing, and 3) cross‐lagged relationships between SOC and wellbeing.ResultsCorrelation and regression showed that SOC and wellbeing were related cross‐sectionally, although the association with negative wellbeing was weaker. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles showing differing SOC‐wellbeing associations. Cross‐lagged analyses showed that over time, SOC only marginally predicted emotional wellbeing but that wellbeing systematically predicted SOC.ConclusionResearchers and psychologists should acknowledge the complexity of relationships between SOC and wellbeing using person‐centered perspectives. Social justice and wellbeing promotion implications are discussed.
Vitamin C protects against defects induced by juglone during porcine oocyte maturation
Authors: Zhang Xue , Li Weijian , Sun Xiaofan , Li Juan , Wu Wangjun , Liu Honglin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJuglone, a naphthoquinone isolated from many species of the Juglandaceae family, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries because of its antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. However, the toxicity of juglone has also been demonstrated. Here, we used porcine oocytes as a model to explore the effects of juglone on oocyte maturation and studied the impact of vitamin C (VC) administration on juglone exposure‐induced meiosis defects. Exposure to juglone significantly restricted cumulus cell expansion and decreased the first polar body extrusion. In addition, juglone exposure disturbed spindle organization, actin assembly, and the distribution of mitochondria during oocyte meiosis, while the acetylation level of α‐tubulin was also reduced. These defects were all ameliorated by VC administration. Our findings indicate that juglone exposure induced meiotic failure in porcine oocytes, while VC protected against these defects during porcine oocyte maturation by ameliorating the organization of the cytoskeleton and mitochondrial distribution.
Osteocytic connexin 43 channels affect fracture healing
Authors: Chen Yunhe , Chen Meng , Xue Tong , Li Guobin , Wang Dongen , Shang Peng , Jiang Jean X. , Xu Huiyun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe cross‐talk between cells is very critical for moving forward fracture healing in an orderly manner. Connexin (Cx) 43‐formed gap junctions and hemichannels mediate the communication between adjacent cells and cells and extracellular environment. Loss of Cx43 in osteoblasts/osteocytes results in delayed fracture healing. For investigating the role of two channels in osteocytes in bone repair, two transgenic mouse models with Cx43 dominant negative mutants driven by a 10 kb‐DMP1 promoter were generated: R76W (gap junctions are blocked, whereas hemichannels are promoted) and Δ130–136 (both gap junctions and hemichannels are blocked). R76W mice (promotion of hemichannels) showed a significant increase of new bone formation, whereas delayed osteoclastogenesis and healing was observed in Δ130–136 (impairment of gap junctions), but not in R76W mice (hemichannel promotion may recover the delay). These results suggest that gap junctions and hemichannels play some similar and cooperative roles in bone repair.
CHIP attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis by promoting NFATc3 proteasomal degradation
Authors: Chao Chun‐Nun , Lai Chao‐Hung , Badrealam Khan Farheen , Lo Jeng‐Fan , Shen Chia‐Yao , Chen Chia‐Hua , Chen Ray‐Jade , Viswanadha Vijaya Padma , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCarboxyl‐terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) is a chaperone‐dependent E3‐ubiquitin ligase with important function in protein quality control system. In the current research endeavor, we have investigated the putative role of CHIP in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced cardiomyopathies. Basically, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were transfected with CHIP for 24 hr, and thereafter, treated with LPS for 12 hr. Concomitantly, western blot analysis, actin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and coimmunoprecipitation studies were performed to investigate the underlying intricacies. Interestingly, western blot analysis revealed that the expression of hypertrophy and apoptosis‐related proteins were considerably reduced following overexpression of CHIP. Moreover, Actin staining and TUNEL assay further ascertained the attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis following overexpression of CHIP respectively. These aspects instigate the role of CHIP in attenuation of LPS‐induced cardiomyopathies. Additionally and importantly, co‐immunoprecipitation and western blot studies revealed that CHIP plausibly promotes degradation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 (NFATc3) through ubiquitin‐proteasomal pathway. Taken together, our study reveals that CHIP attenuates LPS‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis perhaps by promoting NFATc3 proteasomal degradation.
Forkhead box o3a suppresses lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated proliferation and inflammation in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes through regulating tripartite motif‐containing protein 3
Authors: Wang Mingjun , Wu Jian , Zhou Erye , Chang Xin , Gan Jianhe , Cheng Tao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS), synovial tissue‐specific cells, are key effector cells during the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our previous study has shown that tripartite motif‐containing protein 3 (TRIM3) overexpression inhibits the proliferation and cytokine secretion of RA FLS. Experiments with gene knockout mice have suggested the important roles of forkhead box o3a (Foxo3a) in RA pathogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between Foxo3a and TRIM3 during RA pathogenesis. The expression of Foxo3a and TRIM3 was reduced in RA synovial tissues in comparison to healthy controls, and Foxo3a messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in RA synovial tissues correlated positively with TRIM3 mRNA expression. We found that stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused the downregulation of Foxo3a and TRIM3 in FLS. Foxo3a or TRIM3 overexpression significantly attenuated the promoting effects of LPS on cell proliferation and the release of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and IL‐1β. In addition, Foxo3a suppressed the inhibitory effects of LPS on the mRNA and protein levels of TRIM3, as well as the activity of TRIM3 promoter. Foxo3a or TRIM3 overexpression attenuated collagen‐induced arthritis in rats. Furthermore, knockdown of TRIM3 significantly suppressed the effects of Foxo3a overexpression on LPS‐activated FLS. In summary, our findings suggested that Foxo3a exerted inhibitory effects on LPS‐induced proliferation and inflammation through increasing TRIM3 transcription. The decreased expression of Foxo3a may contribute to the RA pathogenesis.
Long noncoding RNA TUG1 regulates the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma through sponging miR‐524‐5p to mediate DLX1 expression as a competitive endogenous RNA
Authors: Liu Shuyan , Liu Li‐Hong , Hu Wei‐Wei , Wang Meng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) exerts a potential regulatory role in tumorigenesis. LncRNA TUG1 expression remains high in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues. However, its biological mechanism in OSCC remains unknown. In this study, TUG1 expression in OSCC cells was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Proliferative and migratory potentials of OSCC cells were determined by Cell Counting Kit 8, 5‐Ethynyl‐2′‐ deoxyuridine (EdU), and Transwell assay, respectively. We identified the potential target of TUG1 through bioinformatics and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, their interaction and functions in regulating the development of OSCC were clarified by western blot and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Our results demonstrated a high expression of TUG1 in OSCC cells. Overexpression of TUG1 markedly accelerated proliferative and migratory potentials of OSCC cells. Besides, TUG1 could positively regulate the expression of distal‐less homeobox 1 (DLX1) by competing with miR‐524‐5p. These results indicated that TUG1 participated in the development of OSCC as a competing endogenous RNA to competitively bind to miR‐524‐5p and thus mediate DLX1 expression.
The role of cell adhesion in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis
Authors: Heath Jessica L. , Cohn Gabriel M. , Zaidi Sayyed K. , Stein Gary S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe cells of the bone marrow microenvironment are emerging as important contributors and regulators of normal hematopoiesis. This microenvironment is perturbed during leukemogenesis, and evidence points toward a bidirectional communication between leukemia cells and the normal cells of the bone marrow, mediated by direct cell–cell contact as well as soluble factors. These interactions are increasingly appreciated to play a role in leukemogenesis and possibly in resistance to chemotherapy. In fact, several compounds that specifically target the bone marrow microenvironment, including inhibitors of cell adhesion, are being tested as adjuncts to leukemia therapy.