bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐Binding Protein 5 Promotes the Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Dependent on Its Nuclear Localisation Sequence
Authors: Sun Ziyan , Li Jing , Liu Huina , Fan Zhipeng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesDental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been extensively used for tissue regeneration owing to their notable capabilities. Insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms require further investigation.Materials and MethodsCarboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and Alizarin Red staining were used to reveal the role of IGFBP5 in DPSCs. Protein expression levels were determined using western blotting. Immunofluorescence was used to observe cell sub‐localisation. Subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice was used to observe the osteogenesis of DPSCs in vivo.ResultsIGFBP5 enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Deletion of the nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) of IGFBP5 prevented its nuclear import and abolished all its promoting effects on DPSCs; ivermectin stimulation attenuated the enhancement of ALP activity by IGBFP5. Bone‐like tissue formation promoted by IGFBP5 in vivo vanishes when the NLS is deleted. Inhibition of IGFBP5 nuclear import attenuated the IGFBP5‐induced phosphorylation of JNK (p‐JNK) and phosphorylated ERK (p‐ERK) in DPSCs.ConclusionOur findings suggest that cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation effects exerted by IGFBP5 on DPSCs are closely associated with their entry into the nucleus, thereby providing a novel potential target for tissue regeneration.
Harnessing the Power of Quasi–Supply Chains: Toward an Ecosystem Perspective for Transformative Supply Chain Management
Authors: Shi Xianwei , Jimenez William David Cordova , Shi Yongjiang , Zhang Yufeng , Liu Zheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough emerging transformative supply chain management research offers novel insights into tackling extreme conditions beyond the traditional static and engineering view of supply chain management literature, relatively less is known about the underlying mechanisms of such a supply chain transformation process. Through a qualitative study undertaken on Penlon's ESO2 Emergency Ventilator Project in the UK—a project to create a new ventilator supply chain to respond swiftly to the urgent demand that occurred due to the COVID‐19 pandemic—the analysis offers a process model of transformative supply chain management by leveraging the quasi–supply chain that features collaborations with an ecosystem of diverse partners beyond the existing suppliers in the medical device sector. This article enriches the backbones of the emerging transformative supply chain management research and offers new insights into supply chain management for extreme conditions with an ecosystem perspective. The findings also offer managerial and policy implications for cultivating the reciprocities between supply chains and the wider ecosystem to be better prepared for future disruptions.
Oxygen consumption, locomotory‐respiratory coupling and exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses during the Paso Fino gait
Authors: Massie Shannon , Léguillette Renaud , Bayly Warwick , Sides Ray , Zuluaga‐Cabrera Angélica María 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWorkload associated with the high frequency Colombian Paso Fino gait has not been evaluated.ObjectivesTo determine the oxygen consumption (V̇O2), heart rate (HR), stride frequency: breathing ratio, and hematology associated with the Paso Fino gait, including whether exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) occurs.AnimalsEleven Paso Fino horses.MethodsProspective cohort study. Horses performed a standardized Paso Fino gait test across a wooden sounding board, simulating competition. V̇O2 and ventilatory parameters (tidal volume [VT]; peak inspiratory and expiratory airflows [PkV̇I, PkV̇E]; respiratory rate [RR], minute ventilation [V̇E]) were measured using a portable ergospirometry facemask. Heart rate was measured using electrocardiograms. Post‐exercise lactate, hematocrit, bicarbonate, pH, electrolytes, and biochemistry concentrations were measured. EIPH was assessed via tracheobronchoscopy. Four horses completed a secondary high‐intensity gallop to elicit peak V̇O2 for comparative purposes.ResultsMedian [IQR] mean individual HR during the Paso Fino gait was 190 [178, 201] bpm. Relative V̇O2 measured 49.8 [48.4, 59.5] mL/(kg min; VT = 8.6 [8.0, 10.7] L; RR = 87.1 [75.4, 99.5] bpm; V̇E = 869 [740, 902] L/min; PkV̇I = 33.4 [32.7, 37.2] L/s; PkV̇E = 44.2 [40.3, 46.0] L/s). Horses took 2.8 [2.7, 2.9] strides/second and had a stride frequency: breathing ratio of 2.0 [1.8, 2.3]. Post‐exercise blood lactate concentration and hematocrit measured 2.7 mmol/L and 50% respectively. Three horses showed endoscopic evidence of Grade‐1 EIPH. The Paso Fino gait V̇O2 and HR equaled 79% V̇O2pk and 91% maximal HR, respectively, based on the high‐intensity gallop.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe Paso Fino gait represents submaximal exercise based on V̇O2 < V̇O2pk and blood lactate.
Transcriptional and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal That GmESR1 Increases Soybean Seed Protein Content Through the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis Pathway
Authors: Zhou Runnan , Wang Sihui , Li Jianwei , Yang Mingliang , Liu Chunyan , Qi Zhaoming , Xu Chang , Wu Xiaoxia , Chen Qingshan , Zhao Ying 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSoybeans are an economically vital food crop, which is employed as a key source of oil and plant protein globally. This study identified an EREBP‐type transcription factor, GmESR1 (Enhance of Shot Regeneration). GmESR1 overexpression has been observed to significantly increase seed protein content. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism by which GmESR1 affects protein accumulation through transcriptome and metabolomics was also identified. The transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identified 95 differentially expressed genes and 83 differentially abundant metabolites during the seed mid‐maturity stage. Co‐analysis strategies revealed that GmESR1 overexpression inhibited the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin via the phenylpropane biosynthetic pathway, thereby redistributing biomass within cells. The key genes and metabolites impacted by this biochemical process included Gm4CL‐like, GmCCR, Syringin, and Coniferin. Moreover, it was also found that GmESR1 binds to (AATATTATCATTAAGTACGGAC) during seed development and inhibits the transcription of GmCCR. GmESR1 overexpression also enhanced sucrose transporter gene expression during seed development and increased the sucrose transport rate. These results offer new insight into the molecular mechanisms whereby GmESR1 increases protein levels within soybean seeds, guiding future molecular‐assisted breeding efforts aimed at establishing high‐protein soybean varieties.
Fact‐checking election‐campaign misinformation: Impacts on noncommitted voters' feelings and behavior
Authors: Prike Toby , Baker Joseph , Ecker Ullrich K. H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMaking misleading statements may benefit a politician, for example, during an election campaign. However, there are potentially also negative consequences; political misinformation can taint democratic debate, voters may be misled into forming false beliefs, and being fact‐checked may damage a politician's reputation. Previous research has found that correcting misleading statements made by established politicians reduces topical misperceptions, but hardly affects voter feelings and support. Here, we examined the impact of political misinformation and fact‐checking when politicians are unfamiliar. Participants (N = 406) were engaged in a simulated election campaign set in an unfamiliar country, featuring statements from fictional candidates. Participants indicated their feelings toward the candidates, cast a vote, and rated their belief in the fact‐checked statements. Misleading statements that were not corrected positively affected feelings toward and voting for (right‐leaning) politicians. Corrective fact‐checks had large effects, reducing belief in misinformation, and fact‐checked candidates were viewed much less favorably and attracted far fewer votes. This demonstrates that in the absence of strong pre‐existing attitudes, corrective fact‐checks can negatively impact misinformation‐spreading politicians who are not (yet) well known.
Policy compatibility: How anti‐smoking policy shapes state vaping policy innovation
Authors: Kim Seunghyun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLimited attention has been paid to how previous policies affect subsequent policy innovation. This article addresses this question by examining whether U.S. states with higher cigarette taxes are more likely to adopt e‐cigarette taxes and impose higher rates. The concept of policy compatibility, divided into normative and operational compatibility, is used to connect these policies. First, states with higher cigarette taxes are hypothesized to be more likely to adopt e‐cigarette taxes. This is because high cigarette tax rates indicate a preference for strong tobacco regulation, which is normatively compatible with regulating e‐cigarettes. States with high cigarette tax rates are also expected to choose high e‐cigarette tax rates. Such states, even if imposing higher e‐cigarette taxes, can maintain a similar or even larger price gap between cigarettes and e‐cigarettes, compared to those with low cigarette taxes. By doing so, they can not only reduce vaping effectively but also continuously provide smokers with a strong economic incentive to switch to e‐cigarettes. This indicates that such policies are operationally compatible with existing cigarette tax goals—reducing smoking and nicotine‐related health risks. The empirical findings support both hypotheses, offering insight into how past policies shape policy adoption.
Psychosocial characteristics of suicide deaths by regional types in Korea: An analysis based on population inflow and outflow
Authors: You Deuk‐Kweon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to investigate the psychosocial characteristics of suicide deaths in Korea according to population inflow and outflow, and to identify high‐risk suicide groups by regional type in order to establish tailored suicide prevention plans for each region.MethodsThe analysis included 4193 suicide deaths from four regional types in Korea. The data source was a comprehensive survey of suicide deaths through police investigation records from the Korean government. The analysis involved collecting demographic variables, suicide‐related variables, and stress variables at the time of death for suicide deaths in each region and conducting cross‐analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis.ResultsAcross all regions, factors such as male gender, unemployment, hanging in one's own home, and mental health problems were prevalent. However, in population‐inflow urban areas, early‐middle age and economic problems were higher, in population‐outflow urban areas, late‐middle age and economic problems were more prominent. Additionally, in both inflow and outflow rural areas, there was a relatively higher proportion of old age and physical health problems.ConclusionsThis study is significant for confirming common and specific factors influencing suicide in each region, and for proposing considerations when formulating tailored suicide prevention plans for local communities.
Improving prescribing learning in problem‐based learning
Authors: Bull Stephanie , Sims Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrescribing errors are known to occur in clinical practice. To ensure prescribing competence, foundation doctors in the United Kingdom now need to pass a national Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA). Medical students are requesting more prescribing learning. We propose that early year's problem‐based learning (PBL) sessions in medical curricula may be a place where more prescribing‐related material could be added to ensure preparedness to prescribe.ApproachWe modified existing PBL material by adding prescribing‐related tasks within the patient cases. To ensure relevancy, the prescribing tasks were blueprinted to the assessment structure of the PSA. An example task would be to tailor prescribing, advise on required monitoring and provide information about medication to the (fictional) patients.EvaluationFree text questionnaires were sent to second‐year medical students at two points in the academic year. Thirty‐eight of 244 participants responded. Students expressed perceived deficits in their prescribing education both within PBL and in other curriculum areas. Students desired more faculty‐led approaches to learning, yet acknowledged that the tasks introduced in PBL sessions, especially those that promoted use of clinical guidelines and national prescribing resources were useful.ImplicationsAlthough students expressed a desire for increased faculty‐led learning on prescribing, the introduction of prescribing tasks into early‐year's PBL cases has a place. For example, tasks that promote students' use of prescribing and evidence‐based resources may build their confidence in using them throughout their medical degree and within the PSA assessment (where the formularies can be used by candidates).
Shaping competencies for culturally safe practice among medical students
Authors: Khanna Priya , Walke Emma , Bailie Jodie , Angelo Candace 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited evidence exists around authentic activities that can positively influence students' knowledge of and appreciation for the First Nations peoples' culture, impacts of colonisation and other determinants of health. A renewed Indigenous Health curriculum provided us with an opportunity to implement a cultural immersion for medical students to enhance their cultural awareness and competency.ApproachOur approach towards the design and evaluation of cultural immersion was guided by three key frameworks—a strengths‐based approach towards curriculum design, Indigenous ways of knowing and being and immersions as transformative pedagogy.EvaluationPre‐ and post‐immersion surveys were sent to 260 first‐year medical students in 2020 and 323 students in 2021 who were the participants. Response rates were 37% (2020) and 47% (2021). The data indicated significant improvements in students' knowledge of Indigenous cultural beliefs and history as well as confidence in working with Indigenous populations. Students' comments indicated their experiences varied on a continuum of four ways of ‘knowing’: reluctant, receiving, relating and reconstructing their beliefs. Their ways of ‘being’ varied across four levels: privileged, feeling discomforted, being humbled and agentic.ImplicationsThe study extends the limited evidence of theoretically informed interventions that have the potential to positively influence medical students' knowledge and appreciation of Indigenous history, culture and its impact of health outcomes. Cultural immersion experiences, when co‐designed with the community and in consideration with students' prior beliefs, are powerful tools to promote capabilities for working with Indigenous patients in culturally safe ways.
On the Effects of Substrate Temperature on Glass Internal Modification Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Hussein Rafid , Lei Shuting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The effects of substrate temperature on laser focal position and tear-drop morphology in laser internal modification of glass are investigated. A model is derived to predict the shift of the tear-drop at high substrate temperature. Femtosecond laser pulses are scanned inside borosilicate glass at room temperature, 150 °C, and 200 °C using a pulse energy of 4.5–18 µJ, a scanning speed of 5–20 mm/s, and a distance between lens and glass of 9.56–10.76 mm. Temperature effects are characterized by defining a height (width) gain ratio as the ratio between the tear-drop height (width) measured at high temperature to that measured at room temperature. Thermal expansion is simulated using a profile temperature acquired by a thermal camera and image processing. Results show that substrate temperature has a significant effect on self-focusing, and modifications at 200 °C show a relaxed discoloration compared to 150 °C and room temperature. Analytical predictions match the measurements of focal position in the distance of 9.56–9.96 mm at 200 °C where self-focusing is not significant while underestimating the measurements for the distance of 10.76 mm and 10.36 mm by 30–50 µm. At 200 °C, the tear-drop's gain ratio is increased when the pulse energy is increased in the range of 4.5–18 µJ. Within this pulse energy range and at 200 °C, the maximum width gain is 10–100% higher compared to the maximum height gain.
Experimental Investigation on the Chaos-to-Interwell Motion Transfer in a Bistable Beam-Slider Vibration Energy Harvester
Authors: Yu Liuding , Liu Shuyong , Guobiao Hu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Bistable structures are widely used for vibration energy harvesting due to their wide bandwidths and extraordinary performance. However, the dynamics of bistable structures are complicated, and inter-well, intra-well, chaotic, superharmonic, and subharmonic vibrations may coexist in some frequency ranges. Inter-well vibration is typically the most desired because of its large oscillation amplitude, which means more kinetic energy can be converted into electricity via different energy transduction mechanisms. In this study, a modified bistable beam-slider vibration energy harvester consisting of a cantilever beam and a movable slider on the beam is investigated experimentally. The slider can move along the beam under the combined effect of the inertial and magnetic forces. Moreover, magnetic nonlinearity is incorporated into the beam to achieve bistability instead of the linear or monostable configurations typically found in existing literature studies. The slider trajectory and the bistable cantilever beam time responses show that the slider can help the bistable beam system transfer from the chaotic to the inter-well vibration orbit. The results show that inter-well vibration can be maintained even with disturbance introduced with 3.92 m/s2 base excitation over the 15 Hz–18 Hz frequency range. The whole transfer process is self-regulating and does not require any external intervention. Therefore, the harvester we designed is self-adaptive, with a substantially broadened operating bandwidth.
Thermal Performance Optimization of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material-Based Heat Pipe Using Combined Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Jose Jobin , Hotta Tapano Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present study focuses on the numerical investigation of nano-enhanced phase change material (Ne-PCM)-based heat pipes designed for electronic cooling applications. It uses both paraffin wax and n-eicosane as phase change materials (PCMs) that are combined with copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles at different concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The heat input to the heat pipe ranges from 10 to 50 W in an increment of 10 W to simulate realistic operating conditions. The idea is to predict the heat pipe's thermal performance at various combinations of nanoparticles and PCMs and compare the same to the baseline case of deionized (DI) water (without PCM). The results show a constant drop in the evaporator temperature for the Ne-PCM-assisted heat pipes. Paraffin wax and n-eicosane exhibit maximum reductions of 2.86% and 1.94%, respectively, in evaporator wall temperature compared to using conventional DI water (without PCM). The thermal resistance of the heat pipe also decreases consistently with increasing the heat input for all cases, with the most significant reduction of 33.11% and 16.63% for paraffin wax–CuO- and n-eicosane–CuO-assisted heat pipes, respectively. The maximum evaporator heat transfer coefficients recorded are 257.79 W/m2K, 353 W/m2K, and 265.18 W/m2K for heat pipes using DI water (without PCM), paraffin wax–CuO, and n-eicosane–CuO, respectively. The nanoparticles act as a thermal conductivity enhancer and bring down the heat pipe's evaporator temperature with the addition of PCMs. Thus, the effective thermal conductivity of the Ne-PCM-based heat pipe is notably higher compared to heat pipes using DI water (without PCM). To understand the complex thermal behavior of the Ne-PCM-based heat pipes and to better predict their thermal performance, a predictive model has been developed using an artificial neural network (ANN). This model drives the genetic algorithm (GA) that considers the multivariable interaction of PCMs and nanoparticle concentrations to identify the optimal configuration and results in better thermal performance of the heat pipe. Thus, the combination of ANN and GA aids a useful approach for the effective prediction of the heat pipe's thermal performance. The outcomes of this study are useful for the development of sustainable solutions in electronic cooling applications.
Theoretical Analysis of Energy, Exergy, and Environmental-Related Aspects of Hydrofluoroolefin Refrigerants as Drop-In Alternatives for R134a in a Household Refrigerator
Authors: Kadhim Saif Ali , Al-Ghezi Moafaq K. S. , Ashour Ali M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There are increasing trends to eliminate refrigerants with a high global warming potential (GWP) and use alternative environmentally friendly refrigerants in refrigeration systems. In this regard, this study presents a triple analysis of the energy, exergy, and environmental-related aspects of low-GWP hydrofluoroolefin refrigerants—R1234yf, R1234ze(E), and R1336mzz(Z)—as substitutes for the high-GWP R134a, which is used in a 200-liter household refrigerator having a 157 W cooling power. Pressure ratio, volumetric refrigeration capacity, power consumption, and coefficient of performance were studied as energy performance parameters. Exergy destruction rate and total exergy efficiency were studied as exergy performance parameters. Total equivalent warming impact was studied as an environmental performance parameter. All parameters were calculated under a condenser and ambient temperature of 30 and 40 °C, respectively, and a variable evaporator temperature of −5 to −30 °C. The outcomes revealed that R1234yf and R1234ze(E) give thermal performance close to R134a and higher environmental performance, while R1336mzz(Z) did not show thermal performance close to R134, nor did it show a clear improvement in environmental performance. R1234yf can be used as a direct replacement for R134a, but R1234ze(E) is considered a better alternative provided that the R134a compressor is replaced with a compressor with a higher displacement. The pure R1336mzz(Z) cannot be used in a refrigerator.