bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Technique to Simultaneously Fabricate Multiple Custom Impression Posts for Implant‐Supported Restorations in the Esthetic Zone
Authors: Hsieh Yuan‐Lynn , Aronovich Sharon , Munz Stephanie , Liu Fei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeri‐implant transmucosal tissue, an essential element of peri‐implant esthetics, is critical to the success of prostheses in the esthetic zone. The optimal transmucosal tissue profile can be transferred to the master cast with the aid of custom impression posts. In this clinical technique, the initial cast used to fabricate provisional prostheses was conveniently used to aid in the time‐efficient fabrication of multiple custom impression posts simultaneously using self‐cured acrylic resin. This technique also applies to single restorations. In addition, the use of an initial cast as holder makes it easy to transfer custom impression posts to the mouth accurately and efficiently.
Private investment with social benefits under uncertainty: The dark side of public financing
Authors: Attanasi Giuseppe , My Kene Boun , Buso Marco , Stenger Anne 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe develop a game‐theoretic model of private–public contribution to a long‐term project with sequential actions and moral hazard. A private agent is one who is in charge of both the financial contribution and the management effort, these two actions entailing private costs and uncertain ex‐post private and social benefits. A public agent is one who decides the amount of public funding to this quasi‐public good, knowing that the size and the probability of attaining a surplus
ex post depend on the private agent's effort. We consider four public‐funding scenarios: benefit‐sharing versus cost‐sharing crossed with
ex‐ante versus
ex‐interim government intervention. We test our theoretical predictions by means of an experiment that confirms the main result of the model: Cost‐sharing public intervention is more effective than benefit‐sharing in boosting private financial contribution to the project. Furthermore, when public intervention comes after private contribution (
ex‐interim government intervention), both public‐funding scenarios have a negative impact on the private management effort. In our model, the latter result is explained by the private agent's high degree of risk aversion. These results have policy implications for strategic investments with long‐term social consequences. In deciding the optimal timing and method of the contribution, governments should also consider the indirect effects on agents’ long‐term management efforts.
Analysis of the oral health care network development in Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: Leal Daniele Lopes , Martins Renata Castro , Carneiro Natália Cristina Ruy , de Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães , Werneck Marcos Azeredo Furquim , Borges‐Oliveira Ana Cristina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze the development stage of the oral health care network of the Brazilian Unified Health System in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted with 205 municipal oral health coordinators from the state. Data collection was carried out through a validated questionnaire to analyze the state of development of the oral health care network. Descriptive and cluster analysis were performed, and two clusters were generated.ResultsThe total median score of the questionnaires classified Minas Gerais as a state with incipient oral health care networks and a minimal capacity to operate such networks, reflected in the predominance of cluster 1 in the sample. There was no statistical association between age, time since graduation, and time spent working as a coordinator and the clusters (Mann–Whitney test). The coordinators’ gender and educational level were also not statistically associated with the clusters (Pearson's chi‐square and Fisher's exact, respectively).ConclusionThere is a great need to improve the organization of services of the oral health care network in Minas Gerais. This can be done through improvements in its operational structure, as well as investment in management training.
Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome after single and repeated subcutaneous administrations in sheep
Authors: Corum Orhan , Corum Duygu Durna , Er Ayse , Uney Kamil 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (CFQ) following single and repeated subcutaneous (SC) administrations in sheep. Six clinically healthy, 1.5 ± 0.2 years sheep were used for the study. In pharmacokinetic study, the crossover design in three periods was performed. The withdrawal interval between the study periods was 15 days. In first period, CFQ (Cobactan, 2.5%) was administered by an intravenous (IV) bolus (3 sheep) and SC (3 sheep) injections at 2.5 mg/kg dose. In second period, the treatment administration was repeated via the opposite administration route. In third period, CFQ was administrated subcutaneously to each sheep (n = 6) at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg q. 24 hr for 5 days. Plasma concentrations of CFQ were measured using the HPLC‐UV method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non‐compartmental methods. The elimination half‐life and mean residence time of CFQ after the single SC administration were longer than IV administration (p < 0.05). Bioavailability (F%) of CFQ following the single SC administration was 123.51 ± 11.54%. The area under the curve (AUC0‐∞) and peak concentration following repeated doses (last dose) were higher than those observed after the first dose (p < 0.05). CFQ accumulated after repeated SC doses. CFQ can be given via SC at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg every 24 hr for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible pathogens, which minimum inhibitory concentration is ≤1.0 μg/ml in sheep.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channels are important regulators of parenchymal arteriole dilation and cognitive function
Authors: Diaz‐Otero Janice M. , Yen Ting‐Chieh , Ahmad Amna , Laimon‐Thomson Erinn , Abolibdeh Bana , Kelly Kara , Lewis Matthew T. , Wiseman Robert W. , Jackson William F. , Dorrance Anne M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveHypertension‐associated PA dysfunction reduces cerebral perfusion and impairs cognition. This is associated with impaired TRPV4‐mediated PA dilation; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that TRPV4 channels are important regulators of cerebral perfusion, PA structure and dilation, and cognition.MethodsTen‐ to twelve‐month‐old male TRPV4 knockout (WKY‐Trpv4em4Mcwi) and age‐matched control WKY rats were studied. Cerebral perfusion was measured by MRI with arterial spin labeling. PA structure and function were assessed using pressure myography and cognitive function using the novel object recognition test.ResultsCerebral perfusion was reduced in the WKY‐Trpv4em4Mcwi rats. This was not a result of PA remodeling because TRPV4 deletion did not change PA structure. TRPV4 deletion did not change PA myogenic tone development, but PAs from the WKY‐Trpv4em4Mcwi rats had severely blunted endothelium‐dependent dilation. The WKY‐Trpv4em4Mcwi rats had impaired cognitive function and exhibited depressive‐like behavior. The WKY‐Trpv4em4Mcwi rats also had increased microglia activation, and increased mRNA expression of GFAP and tumor necrosis factor alpha suggesting increased inflammation.ConclusionOur data indicate that TRPV4 channels play a critical role in cerebral perfusion, PA dilation, cognition, and inflammation. Impaired TRPV4 function in diseases such as hypertension may increase the risk of the development of vascular dementia.
Variance‐based global sensitivity analysis for fuzzy random structural systems
Authors: Javidan Mohammad Mahdi , Kim Jinkoo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThere have been increasing advances in the sophisticated approaches like fuzzy randomness to handle different uncertainties in civil engineering; however, less attention has been paid to the formulation of a sensitivity analysis for fuzzy random structural systems. In this study, the main objective is to present the formulation of fuzzy Sobol sensitivity indices to quantify the influence of fuzzy random structural parameters. Meanwhile, uncertainty in derivation of limit states and acceptance criteria in collapse analysis is addressed briefly and treated using fuzzy model parameters. To show the application of the established sensitivity test, the collapse behavior of a steel moment frame subjected to sudden column removal is evaluated thoroughly. The proposed fuzzy sensitivity indices are determined for the problem and the overall influence of fuzzy acceptance criteria on the collapse assessment is shown using fragility analysis. The results show that the presented fuzzy sensitivity analysis can give detailed insight into the characteristics of fuzzy random systems, and the epistemic uncertainty in derivation of limit states can have significant effects on the reliability‐based collapse analysis. It is worth mentioning that to alleviate high computational demands in fuzzy probabilistic collapse analysis, a neural network metamodel is applied in conjunction with the genetic algorithm which is also of practical value to engineers and researchers.
Outcomes of patients with invasive fusariosis who undergo further immunosuppressive treatments, is there a role for secondary prophylaxis?
Authors: Nucci Marcio , Shoham Shmuel , Abdala Edson , Hamerschlak Nelson , Rico Juan Carlos , Forghieri Fabio , Nouér Simone A. , Cappellano Paola , Solza Cristiana , Gonzaga Yung , Nadali Giampaolo , Nucci Fabio , Colombo Arnaldo L. , Albuquerque Ana Munhoz , Queiroz‐Telles Filho Flavio , Lima Carlos B. L. , Arrais‐Rodrigues Celso , Rocha Vanderson , Marty Francisco M. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBackgroundPatients treated for invasive aspergillosis may relapse during subsequent periods of immunosuppression and should receive secondary prophylaxis. Little is known about the frequency of relapse and practices of secondary prophylaxis for invasive fusariosis (IF).ObjectivesEvaluate practices of secondary prophylaxis and the frequency of relapse in patients who survived IF and were exposed to subsequent periods of immunosuppression.MethodsMulticentre retrospective study of patients with haematological malignancies who developed IF, survived the initial fungal disease period, and were exposed to subsequent periods of immunosuppression.ResultsAmong 40 patients, 35 received additional chemotherapy and developed neutropenia (median, 24 days; range, 4‐104), and five received glucocorticoids for the treatment of graft‐vs‐host disease. Overall, 32 patients received secondary prophylaxis (voriconazole in 24) for a median of 112 days (range, 12‐468). IF relapsed in five patients (12.5%): 2/8 (25%) not on prophylaxis and 3/32 (9.4%) receiving prophylaxis. Among 28 patients with disseminated IF, relapse occurred in 2/2 (100%) not on prophylaxis and in 3/26 (11.5%) on prophylaxis (P = 0.03). All patients who relapsed IF died.ConclusionsPatients with IF who survive the initial disease may relapse if exposed to subsequent episodes of immunosuppressive therapies. Secondary prophylaxis should be considered, especially if IF was disseminated.
Hypoxia causes important changes of extracellular matrix biomarkers and ADAMTS proteinases in the adriamycin‐induced renal fibrosis model
Authors: Armutcu Ferah , Demircan Kadir , Yildirim Umran , Namuslu Mehmet , Yagmurca Murat , Celik Hüseyin T 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimRenal fibrosis is a common cause of renal dysfunction with chronic kidney diseases. This process is characterized by excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM) or inhibition of ECM degradation. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteinases, which are widely presented in mammals, have very critical roles in ECM remodelling. We aimed to study the role of ADAMTS proteinases and some of the ECM markers in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis and to investigate the effects of hypoxia on these biomarkers.MethodsIn addition to the control group, Adriamycin (ADR) treated rats were divided into four groups as ADR, sham and two hypoxia groups. Renal nephropathy was assessed biochemical assays, pathological and immunohistochemical staining methods. The expression of ADAMTSs and mRNA were determined using Western blotting and real‐time PCR, respectively.ResultsRenal dysfuntion and tissue damage in favour of ECM accumulation and renal fibrosis were observed in the ADR group. This was approved by remarkable changes in the expression of ADAMTS such as increased ADAMTS‐1, −12 and −15. In addition, it was found that hypoxia and duration of hypoxia enhanced markers of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the rat kidney tissues. Also, expression differences especially in ADAMTS‐1, −6 and −15 were observed in the hypoxia groups. The variable and different expression patterns of ADAMTS proteinases in the ADR‐induced renal fibrosis suggest that ADAMTS family members are involved in the development and progression of fibrosis.ConclusionThe expression changes of ADAMTS proteinases in kidney and association with hypoxia have potential clues to contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment options of renal fibrosis.
The role of plant species and soil condition in the structural development of the rhizosphere
Authors: Helliwell Jon R. , Sturrock Craig J. , Miller Anthony J. , Whalley W. Richard , Mooney Sacha J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRoots naturally exert axial and radial pressures during growth, which alter the structural arrangement of soil at the root–soil interface. However, empirical models suggest soil densification, which can have negative impacts on water and nutrient uptake, occurs at the immediate root surface with decreasing distance from the root. Here, we spatially map structural gradients in the soil surrounding roots using non‐invasive imaging, to ascertain the role of root growth in early stage formation of soil structure. X‐ray computed tomography provided a means not only to visualize a root system in situ and in 3‐D but also to assess the precise root‐induced alterations to soil structure close to, and at selected distances away from the root–soil interface. We spatially quantified the changes in soil structure generated by three common but contrasting plant species (pea, tomato, and wheat) under different soil texture and compaction treatments. Across the three plant types, significant increases in porosity at the immediate root surface were found in both clay loam and loamy sand soils and not soil densification, the currently assumed norm. Densification of the soil was recorded, at some distance away from the root, dependent on soil texture and plant type. There was a significant soil texture × bulk density × plant species interaction for the root convex hull, a measure of the extent to which root systems explore the soil, which suggested pea and wheat grew better in the clay soil when at a high bulk density, compared with tomato, which preferred lower bulk density soils. These results, only revealed by high resolution non‐destructive imagery, show that although the root penetration mechanisms can lead to soil densification (which could have a negative impact on growth), the immediate root–soil interface is actually a zone of high porosity, which is very important for several key rhizosphere processes occurring at this scale including water and nutrient uptake and gaseous diffusion.
The effects of interplay between the rotation and shoaling for a solitary wave on variable topography
Authors: Stepanyants Yury 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper presents specific features of solitary wave dynamics within the framework of the Ostrovsky equation with variable coefficients in relation to surface and internal waves in a rotating ocean with a variable bottom topography. For solitary waves moving toward the beach, the terminal decay caused by the rotation effect can be suppressed by the shoaling effect. Two basic examples of a bottom profile are analyzed in detail and supported by direct numerical modeling. One of them is a constant‐slope bottom and the other is a specific bottom profile providing a constant amplitude solitary wave. Estimates with real oceanic parameters show that the predicted effects of stable soliton dynamics in a coastal zone can occur, in particular, for internal waves.
Results of offering oral rapid HIV screening within a dental school clinic
Authors: Suarez‐Durall Piedad , Osborne Maile S. , Enciso Reyes , Melrose M. Diane , Mulligan Roseann 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo broaden the availability of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, we offered rapid HIV screening tests to 811 patients attending a dental school for routine dental hygiene care. Study design is a prospective cross‐sectional study. The 319 (39.3%) agreeing to test, self‐identified as: Hispanic (34.4%), White (25.8%), African American (13.1%), Asian (8.3%), Native American/Pacific Islander (0.9%), more than one race/ethnicity (1.1%) or declining to state (16.5%). Over 35% (n = 113) were first time HIV test takers, with another 2.2% (n = 7) unaware of their testing history. Approximately 60% of the decliners choose “just don't want test today” as the reason. Following a strictly structured algorithm, four possible undiagnosed infections were initially identified, with one completing the algorithm to case confirmation. In conclusion, the confirmed incidence rate finding of HIV seropositivity of 0.31% found through initial screening at the dental clinic, compared with the 0.018% incidence rate of HIV with confirmed diagnosis in Los Angeles County, indicates that a rapid HIV screening test offered in a dental school clinic can potentially play an important role in discovering undiagnosed HIV individuals.
Lipemic uveitis and its etiologies in dogs: 75 cases
Authors: Violette Nathaniel P. , Ledbetter Eric C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe clinical features of dogs with lipemic uveitis (LU).Animals studiedSeventy‐five dogs (114 eyes) with LU.ProceduresMedical records of dogs examined by the Cornell University ophthalmology service with a clinical diagnosis of LU between 2008 and 2017 were analyzed. Signalment and clinical case aspects, including concurrent ocular disease, systemic disease, and previous ophthalmic surgery, were recorded.ResultsLipemic uveitis was diagnosed in 114 eyes of 75 dogs. The mean (±standard deviation) age of dogs was 9.0 years (±2.7 years). Miniature Schnauzers and Yorkshire Terriers were statistically overrepresented compared to the ophthalmology canine referral population. Lipemic flare varied in severity with loss of menace response due to markedly opaque flare seen in 15/114 eyes (13%). Two dogs developed LU after dietary indiscretion. Forty‐nine eyes (43%) had concurrent ocular disease, most commonly keratoconjunctivitis sicca, ulcerative keratitis, and cataracts. Pseudophakia was present in 75/114 eyes (66%) and LU developed within 30 days of an intraocular surgical procedure in 63/114 eyes (55%). Hypertriglyceridemia was noted in 52 dogs of the 55 dogs tested (95%). Systemic disease affected 54/75 dogs (72%), of which diabetes mellitus, hyperadrenocorticism, and hypothyroidism were overrepresented compared to the referral population. Primary hyperlipidemia was identified in 12 dogs. Lipemic uveitis resolved at first reevaluation in 92/110 eyes (84%) and recurred in 6/114 eyes (5%) after complete resolution.ConclusionsDevelopment of lipemic uveitis in dogs appears to require the combination of hyperlipidemia and uveitis. Systemic disease is commonly associated with LU in dogs.
Comparison of two cleaning and sterilization protocols of diamond burr tips used in debridement for canine superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects
Authors: Banks Kayla C. , Stalla David E. , Bunyak Filiz E. , White Tommi A. , Schultz Loren G. , Giuliano Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo serially evaluate morphologic and elemental composition changes to diamond burr tips (DBTs) comparing two sterilization protocols.Animals studiedA total of 300 fresh cadaver porcine globes.ProceduresSix DBTs were randomly, equally assigned into Group 1 or 2, and then analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) at 0, 25, 50, and 100 cycles. Diamond burr debridement (DBD) was performed for 120 seconds on corneal stroma using the Algerbrush®. DBTs were cleaned, and then: Group 1 was sterilized by Germinator 500™; and Group 2 underwent ultrasonic cleaning and pre‐vacuum autoclave. A cycle is defined as one DBD, cleaning and sterilization protocol. Data were quantified using custom MatLab program.ResultsEnergy Dispersive Spectroscopy revealed minor buildup of sulfur on both groups. Group 1 displayed major buildup of carbon and calcium. All DBTs were stippled with inorganic particulate at baseline. Particulates were no longer present on Group 2 by 25 cycles, but remained on Group 1 at all time points. There was significantly more buildup on Group 1 at all time points (P = 0.0000, 0.0009, and 0.0003 for 25, 50, and 100 cycles, respectively). More damage to Group 2 at all time points (P = 0.003, 0.002, and 0.003 for 25, 50, and 100 cycles, respectively) was observed.ConclusionsNo significant damage to Group 1 DBTs was noted after 100 cycles, however, particulate matter is not adequately removed using this sterilization technique. Ultrasonic cleaning is warranted between DBDs to achieve adequate particulate removal prior to sterilization; greater damage occurs with this technique which supports replacing DBTs regularly.
Canine ocular and periocular snakebites requiring enucleation: A report of 19 cases
Authors: Scott Erin M. , Schlesener Brittany N. , Shaw Gillian C. , Teixeira Leandro B. C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeTo describe the clinical and histopathologic features secondary to ocular and periocular snakebites in dogs requiring enucleation.MethodsRetrospective review of patients with recorded snakebite envenomation from the archives of the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW) and Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (1997‐2017). The cases included in this study required witnessed snakebites to the dog by the owner, clinical signs supportive of periocular or ocular envenomation, and/or histopathologic lesions compatible with snakebites. Two groups were established: ocular bites (OB) and periocular bites (PB).ResultsNineteen cases were included in the study (OB = 16/19; PB = 3/19). Dogs affected were typically older (median 8 years; range 1‐18), and both sexes were equally represented. Left eyes (14/19) were more likely to sustain snake‐induced trauma compared to right eyes (5/19). Fifteen breeds were identified, with terriers (9/19) commonly represented. Snakes bites occurred in six US states, with the majority of cases from Texas (7/19), California (5/19), and Arizona (4/19). Common clinical signs included facial edema, corneal ulceration, keratomalacia, uveitis, hyphema, and secondary glaucoma. All eyes demonstrated vision loss prior to enucleation. Histologically, the ocular and periocular tissues contained extensive necrosis associated with envenomation. Retinal detachment, lens capsule rupture, and intraocular hemorrhage/inflammation were commonly found.ConclusionsSnakebite envenomation is a largely necrotizing disease process that can result in profound infiltrative and destructive ocular changes presumed to be related to the proteolytic factors and necrotoxins in venom. Ocular alterations secondary to snakebites may be irreversible regardless of supportive therapy instituted.