bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Incomplete Bladder Emptying After Prolapse Repairs and Slings
Authors: Smithling Katelyn R. , Mwesigwa Patricia J. , Siddiquie Moiuri M. , Gutman Robert E. 
Published: July 2018

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for catheter use and incomplete bladder emptying (IE) more than 1 week after prolapse repairs and slings.

Methods
This is a case-control study of women with prolapse repairs and/or sling from June 2011 to April 2016. All underwent standardized postoperative voiding trial before discharge. Controls and cases of IE were identified by codes and chart review; cases were defined as those needing any postoperative catheterization. We excluded patients with preoperative catheter use or postvoid residual (PVR) greater than 150 mL and those needing postoperative catheterization for reasons other than IE. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 475 (30.6%) cases and 478 controls were identified from 1552 eligible patients. Any catheter use was associated with higher uroflow PVR (71.2 vs 54.1 mL, P = 0.006), lower uroflow maximum flow (19.4 vs 25.4 mL/s, P < 0.001), and less detrusor overactivity (DO) (22.0% vs 28.7%, P = 0.03). Seventy-seven (5.0%) patients used catheters more than 1 week, and 15 patients (1.5%) required sling revision.
Factors on multivariate analysis associated with any catheter use include office PVR [odds ratio (OR), 1.004; 1.00–1.008], uroflow maximum flow (OR, 0.96; 0.94–0.98), sling (OR, 2.40; 1.51–3.81), and anterior repair (OR, 1.81; 1.15–2.85). Factors associated with IE more than 1 week include uroflow maximum flow (OR, 0.90; 0.84–0.95), DO (OR, 0.21; 0.05–0.83), sling (OR, 3.68; 1.32–10.20), and uterosacral suspensions (OR, 3.43; 1.23–9.54).

Conclusions
Overall, the incidence of short-term catheter use was 31%, prolonged IE more than 1 week was 5%, and 1.5% required sling revision. Sling placement, lower maximum flow, and higher preoperative PVR, anterior repair, and uterosacral ligament suspension are risk factors for IE, and presence of DO is protective.
Health Utility, Social Interactivity, and Peristomal Skin Status
Authors: Nichols Thomas 
Published: July 2018

PURPOSE:
The objective of this study was to examine relationships among social interaction, health utility, and peristomal skin status in adults with ostomies.

DESIGN:
Cross-sectional, descriptive.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
15,591 persons residing in the United States were randomly selected from 3 multinational proprietary databases of individuals who had undergone surgery.

METHODS:
The study was a cross-sectional assessment utilizing the SF36v2 survey instrument. Potential subjects were sent an e-mail letter of invitation that included instructions for completing the questionnaire, an informed consent form, and nontransferable link to an electronic survey. Health utility was derived from the SF6D, and the Hawthorne Friendship Scale was used to measure social connectivity. Social functioning was derived from the SF36v2. A minimally important social value of health (MISVH) is reported as the minimum quality-adjusted life-days to be of benefit (influence) within indices of social connectivity and function. A self-reported determinant of peristomal skin health was included.

RESULTS:
Increased social interactivity, defined as social functioning and social connectivity, was associated with increased health utility. In addition, health utility decreased as peristomal skin integrity worsened. A MISVH can be demonstrated.

CONCLUSION:
Findings indicate that peristomal skin complications are more than dermatologic issues. They negatively affect the well-being of those who must cope and adapt to their impact and the community at large. Social interaction is also negatively influenced.
Cell-type specific visualization and biochemical isolation of endogenous synaptic proteins in mice
Authors: Zhu Fei , Collins Mark O. , Harmse Johan , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Grant Seth G. N. , Komiyama Noboru H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the remarkable molecular complexity of synapses has been revealed, with over 1000 proteins identified in the synapse proteome. Although it is known that different receptors and other synaptic proteins are present in different types of neurons and synapses, the extent of synapse diversity across the brain is largely unknown, mainly owing to technical limitations. Combining mouse genetics and proteomics we have previously reported highly efficient methods for purification of synaptic protein complexes under native conditions. In that approach, tandem affinity purification (TAP) tags were fused to the carboxyl terminus of PSD95 using gene targeting in mice. Here we report an approach that restricts tagging of endogenous PSD95 to cells expressing Cre recombinase. In addition, we developed a labelling strategy enabling visualization of endogenous PSD95 tagged by fluorescent proteins in Cre-expressing cells. We demonstrate the feasibility of proteomic characterisation of synapse proteomes and visualization of synapse proteins in specific cell types. We find that composition of PSD95 complexes purified from specific cell types differs from those extracted from tissues with diverse cellular composition. Therefore, these novel conditional PSD95 tagging lines will not only serve as powerful tools for precisely dissecting synapse diversity in specific subsets of regions/neuronal cells, but also provide an opportunity to better understand brain region-specific alterations associated with various psychiatric/neurological diseases. The newly developed conditional gene tagging methods can be applied to many different synaptic proteins and will thus facilitate research on the molecular complexity of synapses.
Model-based analysis of positive selection significantly expands the list of cancer driver genes, including RNA methyltransferases
Authors: Zhao Siming , Liu Jun , Nanga Pranav , Liu Yuwen , Cicek A. Ercument , Knoblauch Nicholas , He Chuan , Stephens Matthew , He Xin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIdentifying driver genes is a central problem in cancer biology, and many methods have been developed to identify driver genes from somatic mutation data. However, existing methods either lack explicit statistical models, or rely on very simple models that do not capture complex features in somatic mutations of driver genes. Here, we present driverMAPS (Model-based Analysis of Positive Selection), a more comprehensive model-based approach to driver gene identification. This new method explicitly models, at the single-base level, the effects of positive selection in cancer driver genes as well as highly heterogeneous background mutational process. Its selection model captures elevated mutation rates in functionally important sites using multiple external annotations, as well as spatial clustering of mutations. Its background mutation model accounts for both known covariates and unexplained local variation. Simulations under realistic evolutionary models demonstrate that driverMAPS greatly improves the power of driver gene detection over state-of-the-art approaches. Applying driverMAPS to TCGA data across 20 tumor types identified 159 new potential driver genes. Cross-referencing this list with data from external sources strongly supports these findings. The novel genes include the mRNA methytransferases METTL3-METTL14, and we experimentally validated METTL3 as a potential tumor suppressor gene in bladder cancer. Our results thus provide strong support to the emerging hypothesis that mRNA modification is an important biological process underlying tumorigenesis.
A macrophage-pericyte axis directs tissue restoration via Amphiregulin-induced TGFβ activation
Authors: Modak Rucha V. , Minutti Carlos M. , Macdonald Felicity , Li Fengqi , Smyth Danielle J. , Dorward David A. , Blair Natalie , Husovsky Connor , Muir Andrew , Dobie Ross , Maizels Rick , Kendall Timothy J. , Griggs David W. , Kopf Manfred , Henderson Neil C. , Zaiss Dietmar M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ligand Amphiregulin has a well-documented role in the restoration of tissue homeostasis following injury; however, the mechanism by which Amphiregulin contributes to wound repair remains unknown. Here we show that Amphiregulin functions by releasing bio-active TGFb from latent complexes via integrin-αv activation. Using acute injury models in two different tissues, we found that by inducing TGFb activation on mesenchymal stromal cells (aka pericytes), Amphiregulin induced their differentiation into myo-fibroblasts, thereby selectively contributing to the restoration of vascular barrier function within injured tissue. Furthermore, we identified macrophages as a critical source of Amphiregulin, revealing a direct effector mechanism by which these cells contribute to tissue restoration following acute injury. Combined, these observations expose a so far under-appreciated mechanism of how cells of the immune system selectively control the differentiation of tissue progenitor cells during tissue repair and inflammation.
High-frequency temperature variability mirrors fixed differences in thermal limits of the massive coralPorites lobata(Dana, 1846)
Authors: Barshis DJ , Birkeland C , Toonen RJ , Gates RD , Stillman JH 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSpatial heterogeneity in environmental characteristics can drive adaptive differentiation when contrasting environments exert divergent selection pressures. This environmental and genetic heterogeneity can substantially influence population and community resilience to disturbance events. Here, we investigated corals from the highly variable back reef habitats of Ofu Island in American Samoa that thrive in thermal conditions known to elicit widespread bleaching and mortality elsewhere. To investigate the hypothesis that thermal variability is the driving force shaping previously observed differences in coral tolerance limits in Ofu, specimens of the common Indo-Pacific coralPorites lobata(Dana, 1846) from locations with differing levels of thermal variability were acclimated to low and high thermal variation in controlled common garden experimental aquaria. Overall, there was minimal effect of the acclimation exposure. Corals native to the site with the highest level of daily variability grew fastest, regardless of acclimation treatment. When exposed to lethal thermal stress, corals native to both variable sites contained elevated levels of heat shock proteins and maintained photosynthetic performance for 1–2 days longer than corals from the stable environment. Despite being separated by < 5 km, there was significant genetic differentiation among coral colonies (FST= 0.206, p < 0.0001; nuclear ribosomal DNA), whileSymbiodiniumphylotypes were all ITS2-type C15. Our study demonstrates consistent signatures of adaptation in growth and stress resistance in corals from naturally thermally variable habitats, emphasizing that existing genetic diversity of corals is an important asset in strategies to protect and manage coral reef ecosystems in the face of global change.Summary StatementCorals native to highly variable habitats demonstrate greater thermal tolerance than corals from less variable habitats after 36-days of acclimation to thermally stable or variable common garden treatments.
Screening of candidate substrates and coupling ions of transporters by thermostability shift assays
Authors: Majd Homa , King Martin S. , Palmer Shane M. , Smith Anthony C. , Elbourne Liam D.H. , Paulsen Ian T. , Sharples David , Henderson Peter J. F. , Kunji Edmund R. S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSubstrates of most transport proteins have not been identified, limiting our understanding of their role in physiology and disease. Traditional identification methods use transport assays with radioactive compounds, but they are technically challenging and many compounds are unavailable in radioactive form or are prohibitively expensive, precluding large-scale trials. Here, we present a high-throughput screening method that can identify candidate substrates from libraries of unlabeled compounds. The assay is based on the principle that transport proteins recognize substrates through specific interactions, which lead to enhanced stabilization of the transporter population in thermostability shift assays. Representatives of three different transporter (super)families were tested, which differ in structure as well as transport and ion coupling mechanisms. In each case, the substrates were identified correctly from a large set of chemically related compounds, including stereo-isoforms. In some cases, stabilization by substrate binding was enhanced further by ions, providing testable hypotheses on energy coupling mechanisms.
An Efficient Strategy to Estimate Thermodynamics and Kinetics of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation Using Metadynamics and Maximum Caliber
Authors: Meral Derya , Provasi Davide , Filizola Marta 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTComputational strategies aimed at unveiling the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) activation require extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the receptor embedded in an explicit lipid-water environment. A possible method for efficiently sampling the conformational space of such a complex system is metadynamics (MetaD) with path collective variables (CV). Here, we applied well-tempered MetaD with path CVs to one of the few GPCRs for which both inactive and fully active experimental structures are available, the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and assessed the ability of this enhanced sampling method to estimate thermodynamic properties of receptor activation in line with those obtained by more computationally expensive adaptive sampling protocols. While n-body information theory (nBIT) analysis of these simulations confirmed that MetaD can efficiently characterize ligand-induced allosteric communication across the receptor, standard MetaD cannot be used directly to derive kinetic rates because transitions are accelerated by a bias potential. Applying the principle of Maximum Caliber (MaxCal) to the free-energy landscape of morphine-bound MOR reconstructed from MetaD, we obtained Markov State Models (MSMs) that yield kinetic rates of MOR activation in agreement with those obtained by adaptive sampling. Taken together, these results suggest that the MetaD-MaxCal combination creates an efficient strategy for estimating thermodynamic and kinetic properties of GPCR activation at an affordable computational cost.
Prediction and final temporal errors are used for trial-to-trial motor corrections
Authors: López-Moliner Joan , Vullings Cécile , Madelain Laurent , van Beers Robert J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMany daily life situations (e.g. dodging an approaching object or hitting a moving target) require people to correct planning of future movements based on previous temporal errors. However, the actual temporal error can be difficult to perceive: imagine a baseball batter that swings and misses a fastball. Here we show that in such situations people can use an internal error signal to make corrections in the next trial. This signal is based on the discrepancy between the actual and the planned action onset time: the prediction error. In this study, we used three interception tasks: reaching movements, saccadic eye movements and a button press that released a cursor moving ballistically for a fixed time. We found that action onset depended on the previous temporal error in the arm movement experiment only and not in the saccadic and button press experiments. However, this dependency was modulated by the movement time: faster arm movements depended less on the previous actual temporal error. An analysis using a Kalman filter confirmed that people used the prediction error rather than the previous temporal error for trial-by-trial corrections in fast arm movements, saccades and button press.
Farmers’ attitudes toward land titling and its potential effects on rural development in China
Authors: Huang Zhonghua , Du Xuejun 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate farmers’ attitudes and behavior toward land titling and to study its potential effects on rural development.

Design/methodology/approach
Using household survey data collected from five provinces of China in 2010, this paper assesses farmer’s attitudes toward land titling and examines the potential effects of land titling on rural land transferring and labor migration.

Findings
Rural residential land titling has significant effects on farmers’ attitudes toward land transferring and their migration intention. Farmers who have more non-agricultural development opportunities are more likely to welcome land titling. The titling of rural residential land could provide secure property rights for farmers, and thus stimulate them to trade, mortgage their rural residential property, and migrate to urban areas.

Research limitations/implications
Land titling in rural China will probably affect rural land transferring and encourage rural labor migrate to urban, and thus promote rural development.

Originality/value
This paper investigates farmers’ attitudes and behavior toward land titling, and examines its potential effects on rural land transferring and labor migration, based on national survey data. This paper sheds new lights on farmers’ demand for types of land tenure reforms and how these reforms would affect the perceived opportunities available for farmers.
The relationship between teachers’ perceptions of transformational leadership practices and the social ecological model
Authors: Shapira-Lishchinsky Orly , Litchka Peter R. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine an integrative model combining teachers’ perceptions of transformational leadership practices (TLPs) and different subsystems of the social ecological model (SEM) within the context of country culture (US vs Israel).

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative study was conducted among 615 Israeli teachers and 541 US teachers. The leadership practices inventory (LPI) questionnaire was used, and analyses focused on the interaction effects of ecological subsystems and country on teachers’ perceptions of TLP.

Findings
Results indicated that some universal leadership aspects appear in both the USA and Israel, with modeling the way being most dominant and Challenging the Process least dominant. However, the findings also indicated some specific national leadership aspects. For example, Israeli teachers perceive their school principals’ TLP to be significantly higher than do US teachers in all five dimensions. In addition, the study indicated significant differences between Israel and the USA regarding aspects of TLP, after taking school level into account. The results are explained by Hofstede’s culture dimensions.

Originality/value
This study focuses on teachers’ perceptions of TLP in relation to SEM, which has been largely ignored in educational leadership studies. The findings may help to develop an integrative policy related to both TLP and SEM, which will enhance the impact that school leadership may have in both countries, taking the cultural context into consideration.
Academics’ perception of knowledge sharing in higher education
Authors: Annansingh Fenio , Howell Kerry E. , Liu Shaofeng , Baptista Nunes Miguel 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Higher education (HE) institutions create, disseminate, share and exchange knowledge through relationships among people, processes and technologies. Knowledge sharing (KS) in academia enables people within the institute to develop practices which allow them to collect and share what they know. This often leads to actions that improve services and outcomes. Despite the opportunities, this sharing is not without implications as it exposes the knowledge sharer and recipient to a number of vulnerabilities and risks, which hinders the knowledge-sharing process. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopted a constructivist approach, which utilised focus group discussions within three UK universities. These were identified to improve the usefulness and effectiveness of the knowledge-sharing process.

Findings
The paper concluded by purporting that by developing an understanding of the risks and opportunities of sharing HE, institutions will continue to grow, regenerate and develop knowledge. The results highlighted the plethora of risks and opportunities resulting from KS. These were further grouped into the political, social and organisational culture.

Originality/value
This paper addresses the gap of risks perceptions of KS in HE institutions.
Dynamic clustering to evaluate satisfaction with teaching at university
Authors: Bassi Francesca 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to measure students’ satisfaction with the didactics in a large Italian university, that of Padua, giving special attention to its evolution over time in consecutive academic years. The overall level of the quality of the didactics is examined and its change over time is modeled. Moreover, the effect of courses’ and teachers’ variables on it is estimated.Design/methodology/approachLatent cluster class models and mixture latent class Markov models are estimated in order to identify groups of courses that are homogeneous for the level of the quality of the didactics. Evolution over the three academic years of satisfaction is monitored. The effect on the clustering and its dynamics of potential covariates is also examined.FindingsResults of model estimation reveal some interesting evidences that are important indications for the university management to define targeted strategies to elevate teaching quality.Originality/valueThe paper gives its original contribution both on the side of methods applied to analyze data collected with students evaluation of teaching and on the evidences obtained for a large university.
Religiosity and students’ examination cheating: evidence from Ghana
Authors: Mensah Christopher , Azila-Gbettor Edem M. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Academic misconduct has become an albatross on the management of higher education institutions with long-term ramification on developmental agenda of countries. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between religiousness of students and examination cheating tendencies. Further, this paper explored the cheating methods, reasons for cheating and the relationship between perception of peer cheating and examination cheating propensity among students in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional research design was adopted for the study using questionnaires to collect data from 355 students in a three-year higher national diploma awarding technical university in Ghana. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were the main data analytical tools.

Findings
Results of the study revealed that “fear of failure” was the leading reason driving students’ examination cheating behaviours. Perception of peer cheating was related to levels of self-reported cheating whereas religious inclination of students was uncorrelated with the self-reported cheating behaviour of students.

Practical implications
The findings of the study provide implication for management of higher education institutions. The academic counselling unit of higher education institutions should work to dispel students’ overly sensitivity to end-of-semester examinations. Teachings of religious groups should highlight examination cheating as constituting violations of religious values and norms.

Originality/value
This paper is one of the pioneers of examination cheating and religiosity relationship in Ghana’s higher education settings. This study makes an additional contribution to the literature on the religiosity examination cheating nexus.