bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural convection from perforated vertical fins with different hole diameters
Authors: TAHA Mohammed Salam Taha , ATEŞ Ali , ALTUN Aziz Hakan , CANLI Eyüb 
Published: January 2019

Natural convection is a physical mechanism that is mostly benefited in cooling of electronics. Due to the variety of the geometrical and operational parameters, industrial and scientific studies are continuing for better performance. One of the focuses is on perforations of heat sink fins as a passive flow control technique. This work experimentally investigates a sinusoidal wavy fin heat sink after fins were perforated with two different hole diameters. Heat sink was heated by using an electrical resistance for six different heating powers. The temperature at the heater-heat sink interface was measured with the aid of four thermocouples. Transient and steady temperature values were measured and then recorded by means of a data-logger. The details of the experimental setup are given alongside of visuals. It is desired to state some assessment and evaluations about the experimental setup. Related literature studies are also summarized in the introduction section. Heat transfer, Rayleigh and Nusselt numbers were calculated and compared with each other and parameters by means of 2D plot graphics. The time for reaching steady state is changing between 1.5 to 2 hours. Average wall temperature changes linearly with heating power. Average wall temperature values are between 300 and 350 Kelvin. Nusselt number decreases with increasing Rayleigh number. While Rayleigh number changes between 500,000 to 2,000,000, Nusselt number decreases from 425 to 250. It is concluded that increasing perforation hole diameter slightly increases convection heat transfer. Some remarks for the future work is given in conclusion section.An Erratum to this article was published on 31 December 2020 https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijeat/issue/57873/850296
Medicinal Plants for Management of Insomnia: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies
Authors: Feizi Faezeh , Namazi Nazli , Rahimi Roja , Ayati Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2019

Insomnia is one of the most troubling sleep disorders and can be characterized by an inability to fall asleep and/or inadequate sleep duration and/or waking up multiple times during the night. Herbal medicine has been used to treat a range of sleep disorders for centuries. This study aimed to review medicinal plants investigated experimentally or clinically for sleep disorders, as well as their potential mechanisms of action and active components. Electronic databases and literature were systematically investigated to assess all in vitro and in vivo trials and clinical evidence of the efficacy and potential mechanisms of actions playing major roles in sleep induction or insomnia treatment. Among many herbal studies and trials on insomnia, some showed no significant difference between herbal remedies and placebos. While others showed improvements in sleep parameters (sleep latency, total sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration, delta activity in NREM sleep, wakefulness anxiety-associated insomnia). In this study, in vitro, animal, and clinical studies investigating a variety of herbal treatments for insomnia were systematically reviewed. The mechanisms of action of herbal medicines in treating insomnia are mainly related to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing and GABA-metabolizing enzymes that influenced sleep outcomes. Overall, herbal remedies were not associated with more benefits than non-benzodiazepines, although side effects were less. The results suggest that herbs have some benefits in improving the quantity and quality of sleep and could be a promising alternative therapy. [GMJ.2019;In press:e1085]
Wansbrough dan Islamic Studies
Authors: Zulfa Laila Ngindana 
Published: January 2019

AbstrakGagasan bahwa Yahudi dan Kristen merupakan agama “dalam sejarah” umumnya telah diterima oleh banyak kalangan. Oleh sebab itu para sarjanawan modern mencoba mendekati Islam seperti halnya kedua agama tersebut dikarenakan ketiga Agama ini memiliki kemiripan dalam segi ajaran Agama. Relevansi dari asumsi ini menggiring untuk bersikap sama terhadap sumber-sumber yang tersedia dalam kajian Islam pada masa awal, sebagaimana gambaran sikap terhadap keduanya. Dari sumber tersebut, akan didapatkan rekaman atau data-data yang mendukung untuk menganalisa apa yang sesungguhnya terjadi dalam sejarah. Hal ini penting untuk menemukan kebenaran ataupun kepalsuan dari agama tersebut. John Wansbrough merupakan pakar sejarah dari Amerika yang yang mengabdikan dirinya untuk mengajar di Universitas London. Ia dikenal sebagai sarjana Yahudi yang sangat antusias dalam kajian ketimuran dan Afrika di Universitas tempat ia mengajar.Kata kunci: Hakikat sumber, wacana metodologi Abstract The idea that Judaism and Christians is a religion "in history" has been generally accepted by many people. Therefore, modern scholars try to approach Islam as do the two religions because this religion has similarities in terms of religious teachings. The relevance of this assumption leads to be equal to the resources available in Islamic studies in the early days, as the description attitude towards both of them. From these sources, we will get a recording or data that support to analyze what actually happened in history. It is important to find the truth or falsity of the religion. John Wansbrough is an expert on the history of Americans who devoted himself to teaching at the University of London. He is known as a very enthusiastic Judaism scholar in Oriental and African studies at the university where he taught.Keywords: Nature of the source, discourse methodology
Descrição de recursos bibliográficos em MARC 21: estratégias de conversão para formatos de intercâmbio multiplataforma
Authors: Leite Jefferson 
Published: January 2019

A pesquisa aplica estratégias de conversão de registros bibliográficos do formato MARC 21 para os esquemas de metadados MARCXML, Metadata Authority Description Schema (MADS) e Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS), por meio dos cabeçalhos de autoridade de nomes e assuntos. A pesquisa de caráter exploratória e descritiva propiciada por levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais adota a observação sistemática. Aplica o modelo entidade-relacionamento adotado pelos Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) como ferramenta para modelar o relacionamento entre os atributos dos metadados em estudo e o formato MARC com as prescrições dos Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD) para os dados de autoridade de nome pessoal e os Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD) para os dados de autoridade de assuntos. A análise preliminar demonstrou que a flexibilidade dos esquemas permite ampliar o escopo descritivo dos catálogos de autoridade, bem como viabiliza a abordagem por meio de remissivas e qualificadores apropriados com ênfase nos aspectos de caráter relacional. Conclui que as estratégias de conversão aplicadas extraem o valor semântico do paradigma relacional preconizado pelos FRBR como elemento chave para alcance de expressividade, coerência interna e sofisticação das relações sintáticas e semânticas tão caras à efetividade dos catálogos.
Atuação do Ministério Público do Trabalho em Saúde e Segurança na 15ª Região: uma visão da eficácia das intervenções no período de 2013 a 2016
Authors: Rocha Proni Thaíssa , Heloani José Roberto Montes 
Published: January 2019

A atuação do Estado por meio das instituições públicas se mostra essencial na concretização do direito do trabalho no Brasil devido ao descumprimento crônico e persistente da lei, inclusive daquelas destinadas a proteger a saúde e a segurança dos trabalhadores. Neste cenário, este artigo tem como objetivo oferecer uma visão da eficácia da atuação do Ministério Público do Trabalho enquanto guardião do cumprimento da lei e efetivação dos direitos trabalhistas, em especial direitos relativos ao meio ambiente do trabalho, área que envolve saúde, segurança e bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Para tanto, foi examinada a intervenção da instituição no interior de São Paulo (15ª Região do Ministério Público do Trabalho), ao longo do período 2013-2016, por meio da análise dos procedimentos extrajudiciais e judiciais utilizados para investigar, ajustar ou processar os ilícitos cometidos pelas empresas. A análise demonstrou haver eficácia em boa parcela dos termos de ajustamento de conduta e maior sucesso nas demandas judiciais, permitindo identificar limites no poder de coerção da instituição na resolução dos conflitos nos quais intervém.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ministério Público do Trabalho; direito do trabalho; meio ambiente do trabalho; saúde e segurança do trabalhador.
Abstract
The State's performance through public institutions is essential for the realization of labor law in Brazil due to chronic and persistent non-compliance with the law, including those designed to protect the health and safety of workers. In this scenario, the objective of this article is to discuss and analyze the effectiveness of the work of the Prosecutor's Labour Office as a guardian of law enforcement and enforcement of labor rights, especially rights related to the work environment, an area that involves health, safety and well-being of workers. To this end, the intervention of the institution in the countryside of São Paulo (15th Region of the Public Prosecutor's Labour Office), during the period 2013-2016, was examined by analyzing the extrajudicial and judicial procedures used for investigating, adjusting or prosecuting illicit conducts by employers. The analysis showed that a good part of the terms of adjustment of conduct were effective and there was greater success in the lawsuits, which allows the identification of to identify limitations in the power of coercion of the institution in the resolution of the conflicts in which it intervenes.KEYWORDS: Prosecutor's Labour Office. Labor Law. Work environment. Health and safety of the worker.
O Tribunal Superior do Trabalho e o trabalho escravo
Authors: Pereira Sarah Gabay , Monteiro de Brito Filho José Claudio 
Published: January 2019

Estudo que pretende analisar, do ponto de vista qualitativo, três decisões do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho (TST) no tocante ao trabalho em condições análogas à de escravo, verificando sua compatibilidade com a posição dominante do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) a respeito da temática, além de com decisões do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ). A pesquisa será feita pela análise, como dito, qualitativa de decisões do TST, sendo, por isso, fonte de pesquisa principal a jurisprudência desse tribunal a respeito. Secundariamente, até para o confronto que será realizado, serão utilizadas, ainda, como fontes de pesquisa, a legislação, a doutrina e, especialmente, decisões do STF e do STJ que tratam do trabalho escravo, e que, embora tomadas principalmente em matéria penal, podem ser relacionadas à matéria trabalhista, que é a que motiva as decisões do TST a respeito da temática. Em síntese, o presente texto possui como escopo identificar o entendimento do TST em relação ao trabalho escravo, fazendo, ao final, comparação com o que vem sendo decidido por STF e STJ.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Trabalho escravo. Tribunal Superior do Trabalho. Caracterização. “Lista suja”.
Abstract
This study intends to analyze, from a qualitative point of view, three decisions of the Superior Labor Court (TST) regarding work in conditions analogous to slavery. The purpose is to verify the compatibility of these decisions with the understanding of the Federal Supreme Court (STF) and the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) on the subject. Secondarily, the law, doctrine and, especially, STF and STJ decisions on the subject will be used as research sources in criminal law, linking the understanding in criminal matters with the understanding of the subject at hand. In summary, the present study has as its scope to comparatively identify the understanding of the decisions of the Superiors Courts regarding issues involving work in conditions analogous to that of slave.
KEYWORDS: Slavery. Superior Labor Court. Description. Employers' Registry. Dirty list.
Role of Decompressive Laminectomy without Instrumentation in the Management of Nurick Grade 4 and 5 Cervical Compressive Myelopathy
Authors: Malagi Sunil , Konar Subhas , Shukla Dhaval P. , Bhat Dhananjaya I. , Sadashiva Nishanth , Indira Devi Bhagavatula I. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Cervical laminectomy is a very well-known posterior decompressive procedure for cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM). Our objective is to evaluate the functional effect of posterior decompressive laminectomy for poor grade CCM. Methods: This study was an observational retrospective study carried out on patients with poor-grade CCM who underwent decompressive laminectomy from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients with Nurick Grades 4 and 5 (walking with support or bedbound) were included in the study. Clinical data and radiological information were collected from medical records, and objective scales were applied to compare the surgical outcome between preoperative score and postoperative score. Results: A total of 69 patients who underwent decompressive laminectomy for poor grade CCM were included. The mean age was 54.9 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 5.3:1. Ossified posterior longitudinal ligament comprised 52.6% cases. The follow-up data of at least 6 months' duration after surgery was available for 57 (82.6%) cases. On comparing with preoperative Nurick grade at follow-up, 40 of the 57 patients (70.2%) were found to have improvement following surgery by at least one grade. The remaining 17 (29.8%) had either remained the same or had deteriorated further. The mean preoperative modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score was 8.4 ± 2.8, and the mean follow-up score was 11.8±0.3 (P = 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, the number of levels of laminectomy, postoperative deterioration, and anesthesia grade were predictors of outcome. Conclusion: Decompressive laminectomy for poor grade myelopathy is effective in improving functional outcome.
Wine Authentication Using Integration Assay of MIR, NIR, E-tongue, HS-SPME-GC-MS, and Multivariate Analyses: A Case Study for a Typical Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Authors: Jin Xinyu , Wu Shimin , Yu Wenjuan , Xu Xinyi , Huang Mingquan , Tang Yongfang , Yang Zhenyu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Cabernet Sauvignon wine enjoys large market in China, and its adulteration has become a well-known problem and challenge. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the capabilities of multiple techniques, including headspace–solid-phase microextraction–GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS), electronic tongue (E-tongue) spectroscopy, mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, to differentiate this popular imported wine in China. Methods: MIR spectroscopy, NIR spectroscopy, E-tongue spectroscopy, and HS-SPME-GC-MS were used. Multivariate analysis techniques were applied to further explore the instrumental determination data for the wine discrimination. Results: Joint use of MIR and NIR with Grey relational analysis (GRA), E-tongue with principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis, and HS-SPME-GC-MS with PCA allowed unanimous differentiation of the wines. Conclusions: The approach described herein offers both ecologically friendly and multiperspective mutual corroboration techniques for Cabernet Sauvignon wine discrimination. The integrative methodology could be used as a reference for wine authentication. Highlights: GRA was first applied to discriminate the wine samples. Mutual corroboration was verified by multivariate statistics combined with MIR, NIR, E-tongue, and SPME-GC/MS. Integrated techniques pointed to a unanimous authentication of the wine samples.
Regulatory Aspects of Traditional Indian Medicines (TIM) in India and in International Purview
Authors: Sharma Anil Kumar , Pundarikakshudu Kilambi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Regulatory affairs play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry and are incorporated in all stages of drug development. Objective: Approval criteria practices were developed as a resolution of the government’s desire to create policies to protect public health by controlling the safety and efficacy of merchandise in areas including pharmaceuticals, complementary color medicines, veterinary medicines, medical devices, and even food products and cosmetics. Method: Herbal health products are in practices in all parts of the world under either their legal system’s or expert council’s or agencies’ guides. They include botanicals, health supplements, health foods, complimentary medicines, traditional medicines or following pathies like Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The requisite parameters for registration or recognition of products by various major global regulatory agencies were reviewed, and compiled under purview. Results: In India, licensing these products is under the act provisions and the rules known as the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, whereas globally regulatory provisions follow the guidelines of developed countries like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, the Therapeutic Goods Act, or the World Health Organization’s regulations for herbal products. Conclusions: The present communication highlights the provisions of regulatory and/or licensing requirements related to corporates, product composition, specifications, quality parameters, manufacturing methodology, stability, safety, preclinical studies, clinical studies, etc. for herbal products and the respective guidelines at one site. Highlights: Ultimately, all regulatory agencies across the world highlight majorly the safety and thereafter the efficacy for any products under the category.
Parsing multi-ordered grammars with the Gray algorithm
Authors: Papoulias Nick 
Published: January 2019

Background. Context-free grammars (CFGs) and Parsing-expression Grammars (PEGs) are the two main formalisms used by formal specifications and parsing frameworks to describe programming languages. They mainly differ in the definition of the choice operator, describing language alternatives. CFGs support the use of non-deterministic choice (i.e., unordered choice), where all alternatives are equally explored. PEGs support a deterministic choice (i.e., ordered choice), where alternatives are explored in strict succession. In practice the two formalisms, are used through concrete classes of parsing algorithms (such as Left-to-right, rightmost derivation (LR) for CFGs and Packrat parsing for PEGs), that follow the semantics of the formal operators.
Problem Statement. Neither the two formalisms, nor the accompanying algorithms are sufficient for a complete description of common cases arising in language design. In order to properly handle ambiguity, recursion, precedence or associativity, parsing frameworks either introduce implementation specific directives or ask users to refactor their grammars to fit the needs of the framework/algorithm/formalism combo. This introduces significant complexity even in simple cases and results in incompatible grammar specifications.
Our Proposal. We introduce Multi-Ordered Grammars (MOGs) as an alternative to the CFG and PEG formalisms. MOGs aim for a better exploration of ambiguity, ordering, recursion and associativity during language design. This is achieved by (a) allowing both deterministic and non-deterministic choices to co-exist, and (b) introducing a form of recursive and scoped ordering. The formalism is accompanied by a new parsing algorithm (Gray) that extends chart parsing (normally used for Natural Language Processing) with the proposed MOG operators.
Results. We conduct two case-studies to assess the expressiveness of MOGs, compared to CFGs and PEGs. The first consists of two idealized examples from literature (an expression grammar and a simple procedural language). The second examines a real-world case (the entire Smalltalk grammar and eleven new Smalltalk extensions) probing the complexities of practical needs. We show that in comparison, MOGs are able to reduce complexity and naturally express language constructs, without resorting to implementation specific directives.
Conclusion. We conclude that combining deterministic and non-deterministic choices in a single gram- mar specification is indeed not only possible but also beneficial. Moreover, augmented by operators for recursive and scoped ordering the resulting multi-ordered formalism presents a viable alternative to both CFGs and PEGs. Concrete implementations of MOGs can be constructed by extending chart parsing with MOG operators for recursive and scoped ordering.
Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Formal [4+1]‐Cycloaddition of Pyridotriazoles and Propargyl Alcohols: Synthesis of 2,5‐Dihydrofurans
Authors: Lv Xinxin , Yang Haijian , Shi Taoda , Xing Dong , Xu Xinfang , Hu Wenhao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA rhodium‐catalyzed formal [4+1]‐cycloaddition of pyridotriazoles and aryl propargyl alcohols is reported, providing an effective access to 2‐pyridyl‐substituted 2,5‐dihydrofuran derivatives in moderate to high yields. Mechanistically, the proposed oxonium ylide intermediate in this catalytic alkyne carbocyclization transformation is verified by an interception experiment for the first time.magnified image
Targeted Delivery of Rab26 siRNA with Precisely Tailored DNA Prism for Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Dong , Xu Zhi , Huang Chunji , Zhang Chun , He Binfeng , Mao Chengde , Wang Guansong , Qian Hang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractProgrammable DNA nanostructures are a new class of biocompatible, nontoxic nanomaterials. Nevertheless, their application in the field of biomedical research is still in its infancy, especially as drug delivery vehicles for gene therapy. In this study, a GTPase Rab26 was investigated as a new potential therapeutic target using a precisely tailored DNA nanoprism for targeted lung cancer therapy. Specifically, a DNA nanoprism platform with tunable targeting and siRNA loading capability is designed and synthesized. The as‐prepared DNA prisms were decorated with two functional units: a Rab26 siRNA as the drug and MUC‐1 aptamers as a targeting moiety for non‐small cell lung cancer. The number and position of both siRNA and MUC‐1 aptamers can be readily tuned by switching two short, single‐stranded DNA. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) demonstrate that all nanoprisms with different functionalities are self‐assembled with high yield. It is also found that the cellular uptake of DNA prisms is proportional to the aptamer number on each nanoprism, and the as‐prepared DNA nanoprism show excellent anti‐cancer activities and targeting capability. This study suggests that by careful design, self‐assembled DNA nanostructures are highly promising, customizable, multifunctional nanoplatforms for potential biomedical applications, such as personalized precision therapy.