bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Biomechanical Comparison of Three Miniature Locking Plate Systems in a Rabbit Radial and Ulnar Fracture Model
Authors: Takizawa Harue , Honnami Muneki , Sakai Takamasa , Sasaki Akari , Sakamoto Ayumi , Mochizuki Manabu 
Published: July 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of three different miniature locking plate systems used to fixate radial and ulnar fractures in toy breed dogs. Implant size, shape, material and locking systems differ, and their influence on the fracture healing process is unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this matter in vivo using rabbit radial and ulnar fracture models.
Study Design Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, and the left radius and ulna were osteotomized to create fracture models. The osteotomies were then fixated using either the TITAN LOCK 1.5, Fixin micro or LCP 1.5 system. Radiographs were obtained 2, 3 and 4 weeks after surgery. Four weeks after surgery, the radiuses were collected and used for biomechanical testing or histological examinations.
Results During the 4 weeks of observation, no adverse effects due to the implants occurred. The radiographic scores in each group did not differ significantly at any time point. The maximum load in the LCP group was significantly higher than that in the TITAN and Fixin groups. There was no significant difference in bending stiffness or work to failure among the groups. Initial fracture healing via woven bone was evident at histological evaluation.
Conclusions All three miniature locking plate systems provided adequate fracture stabilization 4 weeks after surgery, despite their differences, in rabbit models.
Exposure Response Supports Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Dabigatran Etexilate in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Simpson Bryan H. , Reith David M. , Medlicott Natalie J. , Smith Alesha J. 
Published: July 2019

Background Dabigatran etexilate has become widely used for the prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Currently, there is limited information in real-world patients relating to dabigatran etexilate exposure and response.
Methods This retrospective cohort study used administrative health data for NVAF patients dispensed dabigatran etexilate between July 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015. Outcomes of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), systemic embolism, and hemorrhage were extracted. Simulated pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained using a published population pharmacokinetic model of dabigatran etexilate. Area under the curve calculated for a 24-hour period at steady state (AUCss), the exposure parameter, was derived using these simulations and the dosing data and the exposure–response relationship were investigated. The risk of adverse outcomes at AUCss quartiles was compared using Poisson regression and expressed using incidence rate ratios (95% confidence interval) adjusted for known potential confounders.
Results In total, 2,660 NVAF patients had been dispensed dabigatran etexilate. For these patients there was a decreased risk of hemorrhage (0.51, 0.32–0.79) when dabigatran AUCss was in the second quartile range of 1.70 to 1.96 mg h/L and thromboembolism/CVA (0.34, 0.16–0.76) when in the third quartile range of 1.97 to 2.26 mg h/L. An increased risk of hemorrhage (1.68, 1.18–2.38) was observed when AUCss was in the fourth quartile range of 2.27 to 12.76 mg h/L.
Conclusion An exposure–response relationship for dabigatran etexilate was described, where the most effective response was observed when AUCss was in the range of 1.70 to 2.26 mg h/L. Hence, it is feasible to develop guidance for optimal dosing to improve outcomes for patients with NVAF.
A Rare Cause of May-Thurner Syndrome Postarterial Intervention
Authors: Chan Hiok Yang , Choke Edward Tieng Chek , Tang Tjun Yip , Sivanathan Chandramohan , Jasmine Chua Ming Er , Kumar Pradesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMay-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is rare condition thought to occur due to an anatomical variation. In MTS, there is left iliac vein compression by the right iliac artery and lumbar spine resulting in left lower limb deep venous thrombosis. The authors report a rare cause of MTS postarterial intervention. They describe the unusual case of an Asian man who presented with acute left lower limb deep venous thrombosis 5 days following left common iliac artery angioplasty and stent insertion. Computed tomographic (CT) venogram demonstrated the left iliac vein compression by the left iliac artery stent. Successful recanalization of the thrombosed iliac vein was achieved with a combination of pulse spray thrombolysis and rheolytic mechanical thrombectomy, followed by angioplasty and stent placement in the iliac vein. There was rapid and complete resolution of symptoms. This report illustrates the use of complementary imaging modalities and a multidisciplinary team approach to achieve a successful technical and clinical outcome following an unusual case of MTS postarterial intervention and the subsequent successful endovascular management.
Universal fault-tolerant quantum computation using fault-tolerant conversion schemes
Authors: Luo Lan , Ma Zhi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we present the fault-tolerant conversion between quantum Reed–Muller (QRM)(2, 5) and QRM(2, 7), and also the conversion between QBCH(15, 7) and QRM(2, 7). Either of the two schemes provides a method to realize universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. In particular, the gate overhead and logical error rate of a logical T gate are provided, as well as the comparison with magic state distillation scheme. In addition, we propose two other fault-tolerant conversion schemes based on

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constructions.
Future of nuclear medicine- an overview
Authors: Othman Siti Amira , Abu Bakar Nurul Fathihah , Amirah Nor Azman Nor Farah , Jasrin Nurin Saqinah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The development of nuclear medicine has led to an entire subset of extremely effective strategies in diagnosis and disease therapy. The emerging advancements in nuclear medicine are vast and diverse. Nuclear medicine tests and treatments involve the use of small amounts of radioactive material in order to diagnose and determine the severity of a variety of conditions and diseases. Basically, nuclear medicine involves the use of the latest imaging facilities such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scans and positron emission tomography which will find in many modern medical institutions today. One significant advantage of using nuclear medicine is the ability to make complex medical procedures simpler and safer for patients. With this technology, physicians and medical professionals are able to examine in great detail the most sensitive areas. All examinations can happen without subjecting patients to possibly dangerous and invasive procedures and surgeries. This medical technology has enabled the development of treatment options for patients suffering from serious illnesses, such as cancer either through radiation or chemotherapy. Health care professionals now face many challenges in their profession such as new rules and the latest practices that enable them to learn new skills and new ways of practicing their daily tasks in nuclear medicine areas. As a result, they are confronted with new skills and new ways of practicing in nuclear medicine area every day.
Investigating the Feasibility of Child Mortality Surveillance With Postmortem Tissue Sampling: Generating Constructs and Variables to Strengthen Validity and Reliability in Qualitative Research
Authors: O’Mara Sage Elizabeth , Munguambe Khátia R , Blevins John , Guilaze Rui , Kosia Baindu , Maixenchs Maria , Bassat Quique , Mandomando Inácio , Kaiser Reinhard , Kone Ahoua , Jambai Amara , Myburgh Nellie D , Ngwenya Noni , Madhi Shabir A , Degefa Ketema , Ackley Caroline , Breiman Robert F , Raghunathan Pratima L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network aims to generate reliable data on the causes of death among children aged <5 years using all available information, including minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS). The sensitive nature of MITS inevitably evokes religious, cultural, and ethical questions influencing the feasibility and sustainability of CHAMPS.

Methods
Due to limited behavioral studies related to child MITS, we developed an innovative qualitative methodology to determine the barriers, facilitators, and other factors that affect the implementation and sustainability of CHAMPS surveillance across 7 diverse locations in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. We employed a multimethod grounded theory approach and analytical structure based on culturally specific conceptual frameworks. The methodology guided data interpretation and collective analyses confirming how to define dimensions of CHAMPS feasibility within the cultural context of each site while reducing subjectivity and bias in the process of interpretation and reporting.

Results
Findings showed that the approach to gain consent to conduct the MITS procedure involves religious factors associated with timing of burial, use of certain terminology, and methods of transporting the body. Community misperceptions and uncertainties resulted in rumor surveillance and consistency in information sharing. Religious pronouncements, recognition of health priorities, attention to pregnancy, and advancement of child health facilitated community acceptability.

Conclusions
These findings helped formulate program priorities, guided site-specific adaptations in surveillance procedures, and verified inferences drawn from CHAMPS epidemiological and formative research data. Results informed appropriate community sensitization and engagement activities for introducing and sustaining mortality surveillance, including MITS.
DOZ047.11: Survival rates of infants with esophageal atresia: data of Turkish Esophageal Atresia Registry
Authors: Öztan M O , Soyer T , Öztorun C I , Fırıncı B , Durakbaşa Ç U , Dökümcü Z , Bahadır G G , Akkoyun I , Demirel B D , Karaman A , Çiftçi I , Ilhan H , Parlak A , Özden Ö , Yalçın S , Oral A , Tekant G T , Kıyan G , Erginel B , Güvenç Ü , Erdem A O , Ertürk N , Yıldız A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The data of the Turkish Esophageal Atresia Registry (TEAR) was evaluated to define the survival rate and risk factors of mortality in infants with esophageal atresia (EA).

Methods
The data of 389 cases registered by 23 centers between 2014 and 2018 were evaluated for demographic features, associated anomalies, surgical treatment and mortality-related outcome. Each parameter was evaluated for cases with mortality (CM) and compared with the results of survivors. Also, prognostic factors were investigated in CM.

Results
The overall survival rate was 81.09% and the mortality was 19.02% (n = 74). The male/female ratio was 1:1 in CM and 1.2:1 in survivors. The mean weight and height measurements in CM were lower than in survivors (1956 ± 658 g- 43.2 ± 5.7 cm vs 2534 ± 609 g-46.4 ± 4.3 cm) (P < 0.05). The incidence of associated anomalies was 90.6% in CM and significantly higher than survivors (59.6%) (P < 0.05). Neurological, cardiovascular, vertebral, and extremity anomalies were significantly higher in CM (P < 0.001). The most common type of anomaly was EA with distal fistula 89.2% in CM and 74.6% in survivors. The rate of primary anastomosis was also significantly lower in CM (67.6% vs 84.3%, P < 0.05). The gap length did not show statistical difference between CM and survivors (P > 0.05). Tube feeding was more common in CM and the incidence of full oral feedings was significantly higher in survivors (P < 0.01). According to the Spitz classification, the survival rate was 87.1% in Class I, 55.3% in Class II, and 16.7% in Class III. The most common causes of mortality were associated with cardiovascular disease, pneumonia, and sepsis.

Conclusion
The majority of national TEAR data comes from tertiary healthcare centers in Turkey. Therefore, the slightly increased mortality rates could be related to the inclusion of more complex and complicated cases. Birth weight–height, associated anomalies, and Spitz classification are significant risk factors of mortality in cases with EA.
Evaluating Vacancy Referrals and the Roles of Sanctions and Sickness Absence*
Authors: van den Berg Gerard J , Hofmann Barbara , Uhlendorff Arne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Job vacancy referrals are a common active labor market policy measure. Unemployment insurance agencies may combat moral hazard by punishing refusals to apply to assigned vacancies. During sickness spells, minimum requirements on search behaviour do not apply. This may reduce the threat effect of sanctions. We study effects of vacancy referrals and sanctions on unemployment durations and job match quality. We find that a vacancy referral increases the transition rate into work. We also find a positive effect of a vacancy referral on the probability of reporting sick.
CWL-Airflow: a lightweight pipeline manager supporting Common Workflow Language
Authors: Kotliar Michael , Kartashov Andrey V , Barski Artem 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Massive growth in the amount of research data and computational analysis has led to increased use of pipeline managers in biomedical computational research. However, each of the &gt;100 such managers uses its own way to describe pipelines, leading to difficulty porting workflows to different environments and therefore poor reproducibility of computational studies. For this reason, the Common Workflow Language (CWL) was recently introduced as a specification for platform-independent workflow description, and work began to transition existing pipelines and workflow managers to CWL.

Findings
Herein, we present CWL-Airflow, a package that adds support for CWL to the Apache Airflow pipeline manager. CWL-Airflow uses CWL version 1.0 specification and can run workflows on stand-alone MacOS/Linux servers, on clusters, or on a variety of cloud platforms. A sample CWL pipeline for processing of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data is provided.

Conclusions
CWL-Airflow will provide users with the features of a fully fledged pipeline manager and the ability to execute CWL workflows anywhere Airflow can run—from a laptop to a cluster or cloud environment. CWL-Airflow is available under Apache License, version 2.0 (Apache-2.0), and can be downloaded from https://barski-lab.github.io/cwl-airflow, https://scicrunch.org/resolver/RRID:SCR_017196.
A Contact Camel Theorem
Authors: Allais Simon 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We provide a contact analogue of the symplectic camel theorem that holds in $\mathbb {R}^{2n}\times S^1$ and generalizes the symplectic camel. Our proof is based on the generating function techniques introduced by Viterbo, extended to the contact case by Bhupal and Sandon, and builds on Viterbo’s proof of the symplectic camel.
Using Social Media to Build Patient Engagement in Breast Radiology
Authors: Kuhl Elsa , Rapelyea Jocelyn 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Breast radiologists can use social media to promote their brand and further connections with their patients, other physicians, and the greater community as a whole. This article offers a discussion and a guide by which breast radiologists can successfully navigate in the era of social media. The discussion is guided by three principles that, when used in collaboration with one another, will increase overall engagement between breast radiologists and the communities they serve. Ultimately, social media can be used by breast radiologists as an effective tool to facilitate engagement and advocate for and educate patients beyond the walls of the clinic.
Ureteric reimplantation via vaginal route: a new surgical technique
Authors: Toia Bogdan , Ockrim Jeremy J , Greenwell Tamsin J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF) and ureteric reimplantation are two rare complications of obstetric surgery. VVF can be repaired via a vaginal approach utilizing Martius fat pad interposition to minimize urethral complications and improve surgical outcomes, while ureteric reimplantation into the bladder classically necessitates an abdominal or laparoscopic approach. We present a new technique of ureteric reimplantation via vaginal approach with concomitant repair of a 5-cm VVF in a 25-year-old woman after an emergency caesarean section with bladder injury and ureteric transection. Good drainage was confirmed on MAG3 and successful vaginal birth (albeit preterm) was subsequently achieved.
Case Study
Authors: Reynolds Emily , Noska Kelly 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Cutaneous renal cell carcinoma is a rare finding in the outpatient dermatology clinic. This case portrays an uncommon presentation of cutaneous metastases and provides an overview of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of cutaneous renal cell carcinoma. It also highlights the need to consider cutaneous metastases as a diagnosis in patients, especially those with known underlying malignancies.
Hearing Preservation With the Use of Flex20 and Flex24 Electrodes in Patients With Partial Deafness
Authors: Skarzynski Piotr H. , Skarzynski Henryk , Dziendziel Beata , Rajchel Joanna J. , Gos Elzbieta , Lorens Artur 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of electrode length on hearing preservation (HP) in Partial Deafness Treatment–Electrical Complement (PDT-EC) subjects.

Study Design:
Retrospective case review.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Twenty-three PDT-EC patients (with preoperative air-conduction thresholds ≤30 dB up to 500 Hz) were divided into two groups: Flex20 electrode (Med-EL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria) (12 patients) and Flex24 electrode (Med-EL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria) (11 patients).

Interventions:
All participants were subjected to minimally invasive cochlear implantation using the round window approach.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Pure tone audiometry (125–8000 Hz) was performed preoperatively and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. HP was established using the HEARRING group formula. Speech understanding was assessed preoperatively and at 12 and 24 months postoperatively.

Results:
Analysis of HP for every individual indicates that more than half the patients with Flex20 and Flex24 had complete HP at 6 months follow-up. None of the patients from either group had complete loss of hearing. At activation, average air-conduction thresholds for low frequencies (125–500 Hz) were slightly better for the short electrode (M = 29.03) than for the long (M = 39.10) but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.067). The effect of electrode (Flex20 versus Flex24) was not significant in terms of pure tone audiometry and speech recognition at long-term follow-up.

Conclusions:
In the early postoperative period, complete HP was possible in a majority of patients from both groups, but slightly better HP outcomes were achieved by Flex20. In the long term, the length of the electrodes does not affect the degree of HP or speech understanding.
Anatomical Correlates and Surgical Considerations for Localized Therapeutic Hypothermia Application in Cochlear Implantation Surgery
Authors: Perez Enrique , Viziano Andrea , Al-Zaghal Zaid , Telischi Fred F. , Sangaletti Rachele , Jiang Weitao , Dietrich William Dalton , King Curtis , Hoffer Michael E. , Rajguru Suhrud M. 
Published: July 2019

Hypothesis:
Application of localized, mild therapeutic hypothermia during cochlear implantation (CI) surgery is feasible for residual hearing preservation.

Background:
CI surgery often results in a loss of residual hearing. In preclinical studies, local application of controlled, mild therapeutic hypothermia has shown promising results as a hearing preservation strategy. This study investigated a suitable surgical approach to deliver local hypothermia in patients utilizing anatomical and radiologic measurements and experimental measurements from cadaveric human temporal bones.

Methods:
Ten human cadaveric temporal bones were scanned with micro-computed tomography and anatomical features and measurements predicting round window (RW) visibility were characterized. For each bone, the standard facial recess and myringotomy approaches for delivery of hypothermia were developed. The St. Thomas Hospital (STH) classification was used to record degree of RW visibility with and without placement of custom hypothermia probe. Therapeutic hypothermia was delivered through both approaches and temperatures recorded at the RW, RW niche, over the lateral semicircular canal and the supero-lateral mastoid edge.

Results:
The average facial recess area was 13.87 ± 5.52 mm2. The introduction of the cooling probe through either approach did not impede visualization of the RW or cochleostomy as determined by STH grading. The average temperatures at RW using the FR approach reduced by 4.57 ± 1.68 °C for RW, while using the myringotomy approach reduced by 4.11 ± 0.98 °C for RW.

Conclusion:
Local application of therapeutic hypothermia is clinically feasible both through the facial recess and myringotomy approaches without limiting optimal surgical visualization.
The Significance of Visceral Protection in Preventing Enteroatmospheric Fistulae During Open Abdomen Treatment in Patients With Secondary Peritonitis
Authors: Willms Arnulf G. , Schaaf Sebastian , Zimmermann Nicolay , Schwab Robert , Güsgen Christoph , Vilz Tim O. , Kalff Jörg C. , von Websky Martin W. 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
To evaluate the influence of a visceral protective layer (VPL) on the formation of enteroatmospheric fistulae (EAF) in open abdomen treatment (OAT) for peritonitis.

Background:
EAF formation is a severe complication of OAT. Despite the widespread use of OAT, there are no robust evidence-based recommendations for preventing EAF.

Methods:
A total of 120 peritonitis patients with secondary peritonitis as a result of a perforation of a hollow viscus or anastomotic insufficiency who had undergone OAT were included, and 14 clinical parameters were recorded in prospective OAT databases at 2 tertiary referral centers. For this analysis, patients with a VPL were assigned to the treatment group and those without a VPL to the control group. Propensity Score (PS) matching was performed. Known risk factors in OAT such as malignant disease, mortality, emergency operation, OAT duration, and fascial closure were matching variables. The influence of VPL on EAF formation was statistically evaluated using logistic regression analysis.

Results:
With 34 patients in each group, no notable differences were identified with regard to age, sex, underlying disease, mortality, emergency operation, fascial closure, and OAT duration. Overall, a mortality rate of 22.1% for OAT due to peritonitis was observed. Mean OAT duration was approximately 9 days, and secondary fascial closure was achieved in more than two-thirds of all patients. Fascial traction was used in more than 75% of cases. EAF formation was significantly more frequent in the control group (EAF formation: VPL group 2.9% vs control 26.5%; P = 0.00). In the final regression analysis, the use of VPL resulted in a significant reduction in the risk of EAF formation (odds ratio 0.08; 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.71, P = 0.02), which translates to a relative risk reduction of 89.1%.

Conclusion:
VPL effectively prevents EAF formation during OAT in patients with peritonitis. We recommend the consistent use of VPL as part of a standardized OAT treatment algorithm.