bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Postoperative Meniscus: Anatomical, Operative, and Imaging Considerations
Authors: Cordle Andrew , Williams Don , Andrews Carol 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMeniscal surgery is commonplace. Patients who have had prior surgery may return for additional imaging for continued or new pain, limited range of motion, or interval injury. Accurate interpretation of postoperative imaging requires a clear understanding of the normal meniscal anatomy and biomechanics. Surgical goals and current surgical techniques impact the imaging appearance. These techniques are reviewed in the context of the various meniscal tear patterns. Multiple imaging modalities may be used in patient assessment with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging providing key information regarding the integrity of the meniscal repair. Imagers need to be aware of the key findings for a normal versus pathologic appearance to the postoperative meniscus as well as other potential MR findings that may account for patient presentation.
How to Generate a More Accurate Laboratory-Based International Normalized Ratio: Solutions to Obtaining or Verifying the Mean Normal Prothrombin Time and International Sensitivity Index
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlthough the landscape of anticoagulation therapy is evolving, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin remain an anticoagulant of choice for many clinicians and their patients. Nevertheless, management of VKA therapy remains challenging, largely because of patient variability and drug and food interactions; thus, VKA dosing has to be personalized. This is achieved by regular monitoring using a test called the prothrombin time (PT), mathematically converted to an international normalized ratio (INR). The INR system is meant to harmonize laboratory test results by taking into account reagent and instrumentation variability that is otherwise expected to give rise to variable PT values, but which should accordingly lead to less variable INR values. Of clinical importance, too low an INR is suggestive of increased thrombotic risk and typically means the VKA dose should be increased, whereas too high an INR is suggestive of increased bleeding risk and typically means the VKA dose should be temporarily withheld and/or decreased. However, evidence continues to show that variability in INR values between laboratories remains unacceptably high. Given that modern instrumentation provides for robust analytical values—meaning highly reproducible intralaboratory clotting times or PTs in this case—the most likely cause of high INR variability is inconsistency in the INR test components—meaning the MNPT (mean normal PT) and ISI (international sensitivity index) values used by laboratories to generate a given INR. In other words, there are doubts as to the accuracy of some INR values because there are corresponding doubts about the accuracy of MNPT and/or ISI values that have been assigned by some laboratories for their reagent/instrument combination. The current report is intended to provide some solutions around the problems of inaccurate INRs, ISIs, and MNPTs, thus aiming to drive laboratory INRs closer to “truth,” and thus promote better patient management. The novel strategies include a primary process of transference to obtain/verify MNPT and/or ISI values for a new reagent using an existing reagent as reference, and a secondary process whereby external quality assessment data can be used to correct bias or existing errors in assigned MNPT and/or ISI values.
Detecting Anti-IIa and Anti-Xa Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) Agents in Urine using a DOAC Dipstick
Authors: Harenberg Job , Schreiner Rupert , Hetjens Svetlana , Weiss Christel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe assessment of the anticoagulant effect of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) can be important for rapid medical decision-making, especially in patients needing immediate management. An assay that screens for the absence or presence of a DOAC would help accelerate treatment in these situations. Chromogenic and coagulation methods have several limitations, including limited accuracy, long turnaround time, and their need of specialized laboratories. Oral factor Xa and thrombin inhibitors are also eliminated by the kidneys and can be detected in patient urine samples using a single, rapid, sensitive, and patient-specific qualitative assay. In these tests, the presence or absence of a DOAC in urine can be identified by visually observing specific colors after a few minutes. Several studies have demonstrated the robustness and repeatability of these assays. The specific colors of the test strip also detect creatinine in the urine, which shows whether DOAC excretion is reduced, thus suggesting renal impairment. Persons with amblyopia may use a specific reader. Current indications for using the DOAC Dipstick test include emergency medical situations with severe bleeding and thrombotic events or before urgent major surgical interventions to accelerate medical decision-making.
Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma of the Cervical Spine Mimicking a Cerebrovascular Accident: A Case Report
Authors: Jamali Mohammad , Entezam Sepehr , Ghahramani Sulmaz 
Published: August 2018

Objective The present study is a case report of a 57-year-old female with controlled hypertension who presented with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) mimicking a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and was successfully treated by surgical decompression.
Methods A 57-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension presented with a sudden onset of weakness in the right upper and lower extremities. Weakness of grade 3/5 was noted in her right upper and lower extremities, but there was no motor weakness of the right facial muscles. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam of the cervical spine revealed an epidural hematoma extending from level C5 to level C7, causing spinal cord compression.
Results During surgery, a cervical spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) was evacuated. Postoperatively, the power in both limbs improved to grade 5/5 just after surgery.
Conclusions A high degree of suspicion, meticulous history taking, and physical examination have a great importance in these rare conditions because anticoagulant therapy as a routine treatment for ischemic CVA could be life-threatening.
A Two-Month-Old Child with Vascular Ectasia: A Case Report Diagnosed by Molecular Karyotyping
Authors: Yilmaz Hayri , Bozdogan Sevcan , Bisgin Atıl , Celik Tugçe , Surmelioglu Ozgur , Doran Figen , Kendir Ozlem 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGastrointestinal angiodysplasia can be encountered in cases with aortic stenosis, inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions, von Willebrand disease or vascular damage, and degenerative changes. Predisposing factors have been described in four adults with vascular ectasia located in the stomach, duodenum, and the distal esophagus. Here, we report a 2-month-old infant with vascular ectasia in the proximal esophagus and diagnosed by molecular karyotyping. This is the first case of vascular ectasia in the proximal esophagus in a pediatric patient.
Gicht und Lifestyle
Authors: Braun J. , Tausche A.-K. , Kiltz U. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie durch Ablagerung von Natriumuratkristallen verursachte Gicht ist die häufigste rezidivierend auftretende Gelenkentzündung in Deutschland. Aufgrund der besonders im höheren Lebensalter ansteigenden Prävalenz der Gicht wird die Erkrankung in Deutschland sehr wahrscheinlich zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen. Wichtige Ziele von therapeutischen Interventionen sind zum einen die symptomatische Behandlung der akuten Arthritis und zum anderen die kausale Behand-lung der zugrundeliegenden metabolischen Ursache, der Hyperurikämie. Neben der zweifelsohne wichtigen medikamentösen Therapie (Harnsäuresenkung und Entzündungshemmung) hat die Veränderung von Lebensgewohnheiten bei Patienten mit Gicht einen möglichen positiven Einfluss auf den Erkrankungsverlauf. Eine bewusstere Ernährung, vor allem die Einschränkung des Alkohol-genusses, und eine dosierte Gewichtsabnahme, verbunden mit ausreichender Bewegung im Alltag, sind Faktoren, die nicht nur zu einem insgesamt besseren metabolischen Profil führen, sondern auch den Harnsäurespiegel positiv beeinflussen und die Lebensqualität der Patienten verbessern können. Letztlich ist es aber nur die konsequente dauerhafte Senkung des Serumharnsäurespiegels, die zur Verhinderung weiterer Gichtanfälle und möglicherweise auch zum Erhalt der Lebensqualität und Erwerbsfähigkeit führt. Die vorbeugende Therapie mit Colchizin unterstützt diesen Vorteil durch Verhinderung von Rezidivattacken.
Ernährung bei rheumatischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Keyßer G. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungEinflüsse der Ernährung auf das Risiko, eine rheumatische Erkrankung zu entwickeln, sind in erster Linie für die rheumatoide Arthritis (RA), in geringerem Maße auch für Spondyloarthritiden (SpA) und entzündliche Bindegewebserkrankungen gesichert. Die Inzidenz der RA ist mit kindlicher Unterernährung und niedrigem Geburtsgewicht assoziiert, die der SpA mit der Dauer des Stillens im Säuglings-alter. Einzelne Nahrungskomponenten wie Seefisch mit hohem Fettgehalt, Zitrusfrüchte oder geringe Alkoholmengen können protektiv auf das RA-Risiko wirken. Raucher haben ein per se deutlich erhöhtes Risiko für eine RA, welches durch vermehrte Kochsalzzufuhr und Übergewicht potenziert wird. Zahlreiche Interventionsstudien haben versucht, den Nutzen einzelner Kostformen bei etablierter RA nachzuweisen. Dazu gehören neben verschiedenen Fastenformen auch Elementardiäten, Eliminationsdiäten und andere hypoaller-gene Kostformen sowie Studien zu veganer und glutenfreier Ernährung. Die Mehrzahl dieser Untersuchungen ist in Qualität und Aussagekraft unbefriedigend geblieben. Allerdings ist eine an den Prinzipien der Mittelmeerkost ausgerichtete Ernährung wahrscheinlich von Nutzen für RA-Patienten, auch wenn die positiven Effekte in erster Linie die Reduktion des kardiovaskulären Risikos betreffen. Nahrungsergänzungsmittel werden häufig für die Anwendung bei etablierter RA beworben, allerdings lassen sich positive Effekte nur für Fischölkapseln in ausreichend hoher Dosierung von Omega-3-Fettsäuren nachweisen. Die Zufuhr von Eisenpräparaten und Vitamin D sollte nicht unkritisch erfolgen, sondern an objektiven Kriterien ausgerichtet werden. Probiotika sind aufgrund neuer Erkenntnisse zu Pathogenese rheumatischer Erkrankungen in kleineren Studien bei RA und SpA zum Einsatz gekommen, haben jedoch bisher keinen überzeugenden Wirksamkeitsnachweis gezeigt.
Ergometrie – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Kenn Carola , May Andreas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExercise testing belongs to the most important cardiologic diagnostic prozedures. Even if sensitivity and specifity of ergometry are low, it is used widely for the following: screening for coronary artery disease, as a component of imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise testing, for assessment of arrhythmias, hypertension and congenital heart diseases.
Prediction of abandonment in Spanish fitness centres
Authors: Clavel San Emeterio Iván , García‐Unanue Jorge , Iglesias‐Soler Eliseo , Luis Felipe Jose , Gallardo Leonor 
Published: August 2018

AbstractResearch question: The increase of physical exercise in fitness centres has turned these facilities in important active lifestyle promoters. However, only between 30% and 60% of subscribers still linked to the sports centre after a year. The aim of this study is to design a model to predict the drop out in fitness centres. Research methods: Monthly data corresponding to the actual behaviour of 14,522 members of three sport centres in Spain were recorded over the course of one year. In order to calculate the likelihood of drop out, logistic regressions were used to create predictive models for each centre. Results and findings: It was possible to predict abandonment of users of sport centres from their historical behaviour, although the predictive models obtained for each centre were not completely coincident. The effectiveness of the models was around 70%. Implications: The analysis of users’ behaviour in a fitness centre can allow to avoid the drop out and therefore the abandonment of physical activity. Segmenting the customers based on the likelihood of drop out may be useful for improving the effectiveness of the strategies of loyalty and for optimizing the organization of human and material resources.
The effect of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence on decision‐making
Authors: Vaughan Robert , Laborde Sylvain , McConville Christopher 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe quality of decision and assessment of risk are key determinants of successful sport performance. Athletes differ fundamentally in their decision‐making ability according to their athletic expertise level. Moreover, given the influence of emotions on decision‐making, it is likely that a trait reflecting emotional functioning, trait emotional intelligence, may also influence decision‐making. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the respective contribution of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence to non‐athletic decision‐making. In total, 269 participants aged between 18 and 26 years with a range of athletic experience i.e. none (n = 71), novice (n = 54), amateur (n = 55), elite (n = 45) and super‐elite (n = 44), completed the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Cambridge Gambling Task. Regression modelling indicated a significant positive relationship of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence with the quality of decision‐making, and a negative relationship with deliberation time and risk‐taking. Cognitive skills transfer may explain the higher decision‐making scores associated with higher athletic expertise, while individuals with higher trait emotional intelligence may anticipate better the emotional consequences linked with a gambling task, which may help individuals make better decisions and take less risks.
Wage and Employment Growth in America's Drug Epidemic: Is All Growth Created Equal?
Authors: Betz Michael R. , Jones Lauren E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe rise in drug overdose deaths in the United States since the turn of the millennium has been extraordinary. A popular narrative paints a picture whereby opioid overdoses among white, male, less‐educated, rural workers have been caused by reduced economic opportunities borne by such people. In this article, we causally test the validity of this theory by using Bartik‐type variables to explore the relationship between local economic conditions and county opioid overdose death rates. We add to the literature by exploring how both employment and wage growth in different types of industries are related to opioid overdose deaths for the population as a whole, as well as for rural (vs. urban), male (vs. female) and white (vs. black) populations. We find mixed evidence. Our results confirm that wage and employment growth in industries more likely to employ low‐skill workers are important protective factors for rural, white males. However, we also find evidence that economic improvements in low‐skill industries are just as important in protecting blacks and women against opioid overdoses, and for workers in metro counties. We also find evidence that employment growth in high‐paying industries has led to increases in opioid overdoes rates.
Establishing a Long-Term Model for Analysis and Improvement of Underfilled Blood Culture Volumes
Authors: Zaleski Michael , Erdman Patrick , Adams Joshua , Michael Amanda , Rudy Abigail , Boesch Robert , Allison Lauren , Mailander Patricia , Hess Wendell , Myers Debra , Craft David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesUnderfilling of blood culture bottles decreases the sensitivity of the culture. We attempt to increase average blood culture fill volumes (ABCFVs) through an educational program.MethodsPartnerships were established with four hospital units (surgical intensive care unit [SICU], medical intensive care unit [MICU], medical intermediate care unit [MIMCU], and hematology and oncology unit [HEME/ONC]). ABCFVs were continuously tracked and communicated to each unit monthly. Educational sessions were provided to each unit.ResultsABCFVs for the SICU, MICU, MIMCU, and HEME/ONC were 4.8, 5.0, 5.0, and 6.3 mL/bottle, respectively. After the final education session, the SICU, MICU, MIMCU, and HEME/ONC were able to maintain an ABCFV of 6.8, 8.1, 7.9, and 8.2 mL/bottle, respectively.ConclusionsPartnering with a specific unit and providing monthly volume reports with educational sessions has a direct positive correlation on increasing ABCFVs. Increasing ABCFVs has the potential to decrease false-negative blood cultures, time to detection of positive blood cultures, and time to appropriate and specific antimicrobial therapy, as well as improve patient outcomes in high-acuity patient care units.
DASHR 2.0: integrated database of human small non-coding RNA genes and mature products
Authors: Kuksa Pavel P , Amlie-Wolf Alexandre , Katanić Živadin , Valladares Otto , Wang Li-San , Leung Yuk Yee 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs, &lt;100 nts) are highly abundant RNAs that regulate diverse and often tissue-specific cellular processes by associating with transcription factor complexes or binding to mRNAs. While thousands of sncRNA genes exist in the human genome, no single resource provides searchable, unified annotation, expression and processing information for full sncRNA transcripts and mature RNA products derived from these larger RNAs.

Results
Our goal is to establish a complete catalog of annotation, expression, processing, conservation, tissue-specificity and other biological features for all human sncRNA genes and mature products derived from all major RNA classes. DASHR (Database of small human non-coding RNAs) v2.0 database is the first that integrates human sncRNA gene and mature products profiles obtained from multiple RNA-seq protocols. Altogether, 185 tissues/cell types and sncRNA annotations and &gt;800 curated experiments from ENCODE and GEO/SRA across multiple RNA-seq protocols for both GRCh38/hg38 and GRCh37/hg19 assemblies are integrated in DASHR. Moreover, DASHR is the first to contain both known and novel, previously un-annotated sncRNA loci identified by unsupervised segmentation (13 times more loci with 1 678 800 total). Additionally, DASHR v2.0 adds &gt;3 200 000 annotations for non-small RNA genes and other genomic features (long-noncoding RNAs, mRNAs, promoters, repeats). Furthermore, DASHR v2.0 introduces an enhanced user interface, interactive experiment-by-locus table view, sncRNA locus sorting and filtering by biological features. All annotation and expression information directly downloadable and accessible as UCSC genome browser tracks.

Availability and implementation
DASHR v2.0 is freely available at https://lisanwanglab.org/DASHRv2.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
WIlsON: Web-based Interactive Omics VisualizatioN
Authors: Schultheis Hendrik , Kuenne Carsten , Preussner Jens , Wiegandt Rene , Fust Annika , Bentsen Mette , Looso Mario 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMotivationHigh throughput (HT) screens in the omics field are typically analyzed by automated pipelines that generate static visualizations and comprehensive spreadsheet data for scientists. However, exploratory and hypothesis driven data analysis are key aspects of the understanding of biological systems, both generating extensive need for customized and dynamic visualization.ResultsHere we describe WIlsON, an interactive workbench for analysis and visualization of multi-omics data. It is primarily intended to empower screening platforms to offer access to pre-calculated HT screen results to the non-computational scientist. Facilitated by an open file format, WIlsON supports all types of omics screens, serves results via a web-based dashboard, and enables end users to perform analyses and generate publication-ready plots.Availability and implementationWe implemented WIlsON in R with a focus on extensibility using the modular Shiny and Plotly frameworks. A demo of the interactive workbench without limitations may be accessed at http://loosolab.mpi-bn.mpg.de. A standalone Docker container as well as the source code of WIlsON are freely available from our Docker hub https://hub.docker. com/r/loosolab/wilson, CRAN https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/wilson/, and GitHub repository https://github.molgen.mpg.de/loosolab/wilson-apps, respectively.
Bigmelon: tools for analysing large DNA methylation datasets
Authors: Gorrie-Stone Tyler J , Smart Melissa C , Saffari Ayden , Malki Karim , Hannon Eilis , Burrage Joe , Mill Jonathan , Kumari Meena , Schalkwyk Leonard C 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The datasets generated by DNA methylation analyses are getting bigger. With the release of the HumanMethylationEPIC micro-array and datasets containing thousands of samples, analyses of these large datasets using R are becoming impractical due to large memory requirements. As a result there is an increasing need for computationally efficient methodologies to perform meaningful analysis on high dimensional data.

Results
Here we introduce the bigmelon R package, which provides a memory efficient workflow that enables users to perform the complex, large scale analyses required in epigenome wide association studies (EWAS) without the need for large RAM. Building on top of the CoreArray Genomic Data Structure file format and libraries packaged in the gdsfmt package, we provide a practical workflow that facilitates the reading-in, preprocessing, quality control and statistical analysis of DNA methylation data.
We demonstrate the capabilities of the bigmelon package using a large dataset consisting of 1193 human blood samples from the Understanding Society: UK Household Longitudinal Study, assayed on the EPIC micro-array platform.

Availability and implementation
The bigmelon package is available on Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/bigmelon/). The Understanding Society dataset is available at https://www.understandingsociety.ac.uk/about/health/data upon request.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ST viewer: a tool for analysis and visualization of spatial transcriptomics datasets
Authors: Fernández Navarro José , Lundeberg Joakim , Ståhl Patrik L 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) is a technique that combines high-resolution imaging with spatially resolved transcriptome-wide sequencing. This novel type of data opens up many possibilities for analysis and visualization, most of which are either not available with standard tools or too complex for normal users.

Results
Here, we present a tool, ST Viewer, which allows real-time interaction, analysis and visualization of Spatial Transcriptomics datasets through a seamless and smooth user interface.

Availability and implementation
The ST Viewer is open source under a MIT license and it is available at https://github.com/SpatialTranscriptomicsResearch/st_viewer.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.