bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term safety and efficacy of antimuscarinic add‐on therapy in patients with overactive bladder who had a suboptimal response to mirabegron monotherapy: A multicenter, randomized study in Japan (MILAI II study)
Authors: Yamaguchi Osamu , Kakizaki Hidehiro , Homma Yukio , Igawa Yasuhiko , Takeda Masayuki , Nishizawa Osamu , Gotoh Momokazu , Yoshida Masaki , Yokoyama Osamu , Seki Narihito , Okitsu Akira , Hamada Takuya , Kobayashi Akiko , Kuroishi Kentaro 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term safety (primary objective) and efficacy (secondary objective) of antimuscarinic add‐on therapy in patients receiving mirabegron.MethodsDuring a 2‐week screening period, patients (aged ≥20 years, mirabegron treatment for ≥6 weeks, residual overactive bladder symptoms) received mirabegron 50 mg once daily. These patients were subsequently randomized to 52 weeks’ treatment with mirabegron 50 mg/day plus an antimuscarinic (solifenacin 5 mg, propiverine 20 mg, imidafenacin 0.2 mg, or tolterodine 4 mg) with the potential to double the antimuscarinic dose (except for tolterodine) at week 8. Safety assessments included treatment‐emergent adverse events, vital signs, 12‐lead electrocardiograms, post‐void residual volume, and laboratory evaluations. Efficacy was assessed using changes from baseline in overactive bladder symptom score total score; overactive bladder questionnaire short form score; micturitions, urgency episodes, urinary incontinence episodes, and urgency urinary incontinence episodes/24 h; mean volume voided per micturition; and number of night‐time micturitions.ResultsOverall, 80.2% of patients (88.1% women, mean age 65 years) experienced at least one treatment‐emergent adverse event, with similar rates for all treatments. The adverse events most commonly reported were dry mouth, nasopharyngitis, and constipation. No marked change was observed in systolic or diastolic blood pressure for any treatment, although pulse rate increased slightly in the mirabegron and propiverine, and mirabegron and tolterodine groups. For all treatments, significant improvements were observed in all efficacy parameters, including overactive bladder symptom score total and questionnaire short form scores.ConclusionsAntimuscarinic add‐on therapy is well tolerated and effective after initial treatment with mirabegron in patients with overactive bladder symptoms.
Large strain under low driving field in lead‐free relaxor/ferroelectric composite ceramics
Authors: Fan Pengyuan , Zhang Yangyang , Zhu Yiwei , Ma Weigang , Liu Kai , He Xueting , Marwat Mohsin Ali , Xie Bing , Li Ming , Zhang Haibo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract0.75(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.25SrTiO3 lead‐free incipient piezoceramic is a promising candidate for actuator applications due to their large reversible electromechanical strains at the relatively low driving field of 40 kV/cm. In order to further reduce the driving field of 0.75(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO–0.25SrTiO3 relaxor ceramic to meet the requirements for real actuators application, the relaxor/ferroelectric (RE/FE) 0‐3 composite ceramics method was employed. The polarization and strain behaviors were examined as a function of the weight ratio of the relaxor/ferroelectric phases. It was found that 90 wt% 0.75(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.25SrTiO3/10 wt% 0.96(Na0.84K0.16)1/2Bi1/2TiO3–0.04SrTiO3 RE/FE 0‐3 type composite samples provided a high unipolar strain of 0.25% and the corresponding large‐signal piezoelectric coefficient, d*33 of 833 pm/V at 30 kV/cm, which are 32% higher than the values of the pure 0.75(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.25SrTiO3. The enhanced electric‐field‐induced strain at relatively lower field was attributed primarily to the reduction in the RE‐FE phase transition electric field. It was also found that the RE/FE composite ceramics exhibited significantly reduced frequency dependence in the unipolar strain behavior at room temperature.
Cell‐based high‐throughput screen for small molecule inhibitors of Bax translocation
Authors: Hui Kelvin Kai‐Wan , Dojo Soeandy Chesarahmia , Chang Stephano , Vizeacoumar Frederick S. , Sun Thomas , Datti Alessandro , Henderson Jeffrey T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAberrant regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) has been tied to an array of human pathologies ranging from cancers to autoimmune disorders to diverse forms of neurodegeneration. Pharmacologic modulation of PCD signalling is therefore of central interest to a number of clinical and biomedical applications. A key component of PCD signalling involves the modulation of pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 family members. Among these, Bax translocation represents a critical regulatory phase in PCD. In the present study, we have employed a high‐content high‐throughput screen to identify small molecules which inhibit the cellular process of Bax re‐distribution to the mitochondria following commitment of the cell to die. Screening of 6246 Generally Recognized As Safe compounds from four chemical libraries post‐induction of cisplatin‐mediated PCD resulted in the identification of 18 compounds which significantly reduced levels of Bax translocation. Further examination revealed protective effects via reduction of executioner caspase activity and enhanced mitochondrial function. Consistent with their effects on Bax translocation, these compounds exhibited significant rescue against in vitro and in vivo cisplatin‐induced apoptosis. Altogether, our findings identify a new set of clinically useful small molecules PCD inhibitors and highlight the role which cAMP plays in regulating Bax‐mediated PCD.
Weight control before and during pregnancy for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yasuda Shigemitsu , Iuchi Takujiro , Goto Atsushi , Katanoda Kota , Iida Shinichiro , Oikawa Yoichi , Namba Akira , Isshiki Masashi , Inoue Ikuo , Kamei Yoshimasa , Shimada Akira , Noda Mitsuhiko 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to examine the associations of pregestational body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight change with birthweight for gestational age in Japanese mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively examined the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 101 mothers with GDM (pregestational BMI 24.7 ± 5.8 kg/m2; maternal age at delivery 34.7 ± 5.1 years; gestational age 38.5 ± 1.4 weeks) at a single center from January 2011 to December 2016.ResultsGestational weight changes were 6.22 ± 5.39 kg, and infant birthweights were 2,987.3 ± 393.6 g. Multivariable analysis showed that, in all mothers, pregestational BMI and gestational weight change were positively associated with infant birthweight (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). Pregestational BMI, but not gestational weight change, was positively associated with infant birthweight (P = 0.007) in 31 mothers with GDM who had pregestational BMI ≥25 kg/m2; in 68 mothers with GDM who had pregestational BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, only gestational weight gain was positively associated with infant birthweight (P = 0.039). Two mothers had pregestational BMI <18.5 kg/m2. No statistically significant interactions of pregestational BMI with gestational weight change were found (P = 0.158).ConclusionsIn mothers with GDM, pregestational BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and excessive gestational weight gain were significantly associated with increased infant birthweight. A prospective multicenter clinical study enrolling a larger number of mothers with GDM will be required to verify the effects of adequately controlling pregestational and gestational weights on infant birthweight for gestational age.
Possible domestic dispersal of Bactrocera dorsalis during 2015 occurrence on the small islands of south‐western Japan
Authors: Otuka Akira , Matsumura Masaya , Nakamura Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Sadoyama Yasutsune 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough Japan has maintained the state of eradication of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel complex (Diptera: Tephritidae) since 1986, B. dorsalis complex are occasionally trapped within a limited area and short time period on Japan's small south‐western islands. Trapping events occurred on Amamioshima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, in 2015, and male adults were also caught in surveillance traps on neighbouring Tokunoshima (south of Amamioshima) and Yakushima (north of Amamioshima) islands as well as on several islands in Okinawa Prefecture (south of Amamioshima). To investigate possible domestic dispersal of the pest from Amamioshima Island, a trajectory analysis was performed to reveal the timing and flight distance of possible dispersal. Surveillance data indicated that the first trappings on Tokunoshima and Yakushima islands occurred in November, which was after the number of trapped male adults on Amamioshima Island peaked in late October. Backward trajectories from Tokunoshima Island beginning 14 days prior to the first trapping passed over Amamioshima Island, which suggested possible dispersal between the islands. Several backward trajectories from the islands in Okinawa Prefecture also passed Amamioshima Island. Moreover, forward trajectories from Amamioshima Island beginning during peak occurrence, from mid‐October to early November, arrived over Tokunoshima, Iheya and Okinawa islands where the flies were caught. Such circumstantial evidence suggests that domestic dispersal of B. dorsalis complex occurred on Amamioshima Island. A situation similar to that on Tokunoshima Island also occurred on Yakushima Island. However, since the number of traps has been limited until the first capture, it was not clear when and from where the immigrants arrived on the island.
Geriatric Assessment in Older Adults with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Wildes Tanya M. , Tuchman Sascha A. , Klepin Heidi D. , Mikhael Joseph , Trinkaus Kathryn , Stockerl‐Goldstein Keith , Vij Ravi , Colditz Graham 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe incidence of myeloma in older adults is increasing, yet little is known about geriatric impairments in these patients. We aimed to examine the prevalence of geriatric impairments in older adults with myeloma and the association between geriatric assessment and autologous stem cell transplant eligibility.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGTwo academic medical centers.PARTICIPANTSA total of 40 adults 65 years and older with newly diagnosed myeloma were enrolled.MEASUREMENTParticipants completed a primarily self‐administered geriatric assessment, including measures of functional status, comorbidities, polypharmacy, psychosocial status, social support, quality of life, cognition, and physical performance. Outcomes were autologous stem cell transplant eligibility and receipt.RESULTSForty patients enrolled; their mean age was 71 years. Geriatric impairments were common: 62% reported dependence in one or more instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), 76.9% had polypharmacy (four or more medications), and 47.5% had one or more comorbidities. Median time on the Timed Up and Go was 13.3 ± 4.9 seconds. Those considered candidates for autologous stem cell transplant (N = 26) were younger, with fewer comorbidities, better performance status, and faster performance on the Timed Up and Go test. Factors independently associated with receiving autologous stem cell transplant (N = 21) included age and IADL dependence.CONCLUSIONImpairments in geriatric domains are common in this population, even among those considered to have a good performance status. Geriatric assessment domains are associated with both transplant eligibility and receipt. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:987–991, 2019.
Diet and Physical Activity of Korean Female Adolescents in Their Peer Networks
Authors: Chung Sophia Jihey , Ersig Anne L. , McCarthy Ann Marie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine and compare the diet and physical activity behaviors of female adolescents and their friends within classroom‐based peer networks in Korea.DesignComplete social network analysis was used to examine the influence of classroom‐based peers on adolescents’ diets and physical activity. Data were collected by self‐report from 99 female adolescents in three classrooms.MethodsDiet and physical activity behaviors were measured using the Adolescent Food Habit Checklist, food frequency questions, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Female adolescents were asked to nominate close friends within their classroom. Descriptive statistics for diet and physical activity were generated; social network data were analyzed using social network analysis.FindingsMost participants were normal‐weight, 18‐year‐old adolescents. Across three classrooms, adolescents’ dietary behaviors were connected with those of their classroom‐based peer networks; however, similar outcomes were not identified for physical activity.ConclusionsClusters of diet behaviors for Korean female adolescents were identified in classroom‐based peer networks. Developing interventions based on these shared behaviors could be effective in improving these behaviors. Additional studies should explore potential barriers to physical activity for Korean female adolescents and their classroom‐based peers.Clinical RelevanceThe current study found that Korean female adolescents’ dietary behaviors were associated with their peers’. Healthcare providers should consider involving peers when developing interventions to improve the diet of Korean female adolescents.
Effect of cosmetic chemical preservatives on resident flora isolated from healthy facial skin
Authors: Wang Qian , Cui Shumei , Zhou Li , He Keke , Song Liya , Liang Haiyan , He Congfen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground/AimsHealthy skin harbors numerous microbes known to maintain its health and prevent attacks from external pathogens. The influence of chemical preservatives commonly used in cosmetic products on facial resident flora remains poorly characterized. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of five such preservatives on in vitro cultivated skin‐resident bacteria.MethodsBoth Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria were isolated on blood agar, tryptic soy agar, and nutrient agar; Gram‐negative bacteria were then selected on Hank's balanced salt solution containing antibiotics and Reasoner's 2A. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of methylisothiazolinone (MTI), iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), ethylhexylglycerin (EHG), methylparaben (MP), and phenoxyethanol (PE) were estimated for nine facial resident bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus using serial broth dilution in vitro.ResultsThe maximum test concentrations coincided with the upper limits set by the “Cosmetic Safety and Technical Specification” (2015 edition, China). Nine facial resident bacteria were isolated from 14 healthy adults: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus capitis, Kocuria, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas parafulva, Pseudomonas oleovorans, and Roseomonas cervicalis. MTI and IPBC displayed the strongest effect on all tested strains (MICs ≤0.01%), followed by EHG and MP (MICs ≤0.3%), and finally PE with the weakest effect (MIC ≤1%).ConclusionThe five chemical preservatives assayed inhibited survival of the nine facial resident bacteria isolates, when tested at the maximum allowed limit. The corresponding MICs will provide a reference for the effective utilization of these compounds in product formulations.
The Dynamic Properties of Financial‐Market Equilibrium with Trading Fees
Authors: BUSS ADRIAN , DUMAS BERNARD 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTWe incorporate trading fees into a dynamic, multiagent general‐equilibrium model in which traders optimally decide when to trade. For that purpose, we propose an innovative algorithm that synchronizes the traders. Securities prices are not so much affected by the payment of the fees itself, but rather by the trade‐off that the traders face between smoothing consumption and smoothing holdings. In calibrated examples, the interest rate and welfare decline with trading fees, while risk premia and volatilities increase. Liquidity risk and expected liquidity are priced, leading to deviations from the consumption‐CAPM. With trading fees, capital is slow‐moving, generating slow price reversal.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous esomeprazole at 2 different dosages in dogs
Authors: Seo Do‐Hyun , Lee Jong‐Bok , Hwang Ji‐Hye , Jeong Jong‐Woo , Song Gun‐Ho , Koo Tae‐Sung , Seo Kyoung‐Won 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAlthough the demand for esomeprazole is increasing in veterinary medicine, the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of esomeprazole have been described in only a few studies.ObjectiveTo determine the PK of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg esomeprazole administered IV q12h and to investigate its effects on intragastric pH in healthy dogs.AnimalsSix adult Beagles.MethodsOpen‐label, randomized, and crossover design. The dogs received 0.5 or 1 mg/kg esomeprazole IV q12h for 48 hours. Plasma concentrations of esomeprazole were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Intragastric pH was determined using the Bravo pH monitoring system and recorded as mean percentage time (MPT) for which pH was ≥3 and ≥4 for 24 hours in each group.ResultsThe peak plasma concentration and area under the curve from the time of dosing to the last measurable concentration in the 1 mg/kg group were higher than those in the 0.5 mg/kg group. However, when the dosage normalized, intergroup differences were not significant. The MPTs for which intragastric pH was ≥3 and ≥4 for 48 hours were 88% ± 7% and 81% ± 9% for the 0.5 mg/kg group and 90% ± 9% and 85% ± 11% for the 1 mg/kg group, respectively, with no significant intergroup differences.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe pharmacokinetic parameters and acid suppressant effect for 0.5 and 1 mg/kg esomeprazole were not significantly different. Furthermore, the efficacy of esomeprazole 0.5 mg/kg IV q12h was sufficient to increase intragastric pH in Beagles.
Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging parameters predict urinary incontinence after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Sadahira Takuya , Mitsui Yosuke , Araki Motoo , Maruyama Yuki , Wada Koichiro , Edamura Kohei , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Masami , Watanabe Toyohiko , Nasu Yasutomo 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveUrinary incontinence (UI) is a major prostate cancer (PCa) treatment‐related morbidity. It has been reported that post‐prostatectomy UI is related to the width of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and the length of the urethra. However, the details of these anatomical parameters are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative pelvic parameters or anatomical parameters of the urethra, as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are correlated with UI.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2017, 571 patients with localized PCa underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) at Okayama University Hospital. Patients treated by a single experienced surgeon were included in the study. Preoperative prostate volume, obturator internal muscle, anal sphincter muscle, levator ani muscle (LAM), urethra wall thickness (UWT), and membranous urethral length (MUL) were measured by MRI. Patients were divided into two groups depending on leakage status 1 year after RARP using Expanded Prostate Index Composite Item 1.ResultsSeventy patients were included in this retrospective study. Based on leakage status, 37 and 33 patients were allocated to the no‐leakage and leakage groups, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups in age (P = 0.03), MUL (P < 0.001), UWT (P = 0.03), and LAM (P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that MUL and LAM predicted UI 1 year after RARP.ConclusionsPelvic parameters measured by MRI before RARP may be useful in the prediction of UI. In particular, MUL and LAM can predict postoperative UI by strict definition.
Moderate and severe household food insecurity predicts stunting and severe stunting among Rwanda children aged 6–59 months residing in Gicumbi district
Authors: Agho Kingsley E. , Mukabutera Christine , Mukazi Monica , Ntambara Michael , Mbugua Irene , Dowling Margy , Kamara Joseph K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHousehold food insecurity (HFI) plays an important role in child malnutrition in many low‐income countries. We determined the association between HFI and stunting and severe stunting among Rwandan children from the Gicumbi district, aged 6–59 months using a cross‐sectional study of 2,222 children. HFI factor was calculated by summing all seven HFI (access) frequency questions and was categorised into food security, mildly food insecurity, moderately food insecurity, and severe food insecurity. The association between stunting, severe stunting, and HFI was determined using the multiple logistic regression analyses that adjust for clustering and sampling weights. The odds of moderate and severe HFI were significantly higher among stunted children aged 6–59 months than those who were not stunted (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.11, 1.84] and AOR = 1.35; 95% CI [1.08, 1.69], respectively). Children from households with moderate food insecurity were 2.47 times more likely to be severely stunted (AOR = 2.47; 95% CI [1.77, 3.46]), and those from households with severe food insecurity were more likely to be severely stunted (AOR = 1.82; 95% CI [1.34, 2.48]), compared with children aged 6–59 months from households with food security. Other factors included male children and children who did not attend monthly growth monitoring sessions. This study showed that moderate and severe HFI correlated with stunting and severe stunting. Interventions to improve stunting in Gicumbi children should also focus on male children, children who did not attend monthly growth monitoring sessions, and households with moderate and severe food insecurity.
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and its clinical signs in Chinese students, 1979–2017: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xie Congman , Lin Min , Yang Hongmei , Ren Aishu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study intends to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and its clinical signs in Chinese students.Materials and MethodsSearch strategies were performed in seven electronic databases, and the reference lists from potentially relevant studies were searched manually. Only observational studies that met the eligibility criteria were selected. A validated instrument was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. A random‐effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and its clinical signs.ResultsTwenty‐three articles that met the eligibility criteria were included in this review and meta‐analysis. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders was 29.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.7–35.1; n = 12,702), and a significant difference was observed between males and females. The most prevalent sign was temporomandibular joint sounds (17.4%; 95% CI, 13.8–20.6; n = 6,615) followed by abnormal jaw movement (12.3%; 95% CI, 9.1–16.7; n = 5,496) and pain (9.9%; 95% CI, 7.4–13; n = 4,552).ConclusionsThe overall prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in Chinese students was approximately 29.1%, and a statistically significant difference was observed between males and females. The most prevalent sign was temporomandibular joint sounds (17.4%), followed by abnormal jaw movement (12.3%) and pain (9.9%).