bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among Stroke Survivors With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Bailey Ryan R. , Phad Allison , McGrath Ryan , Ford Andria L. , Tabak Rachel , Haire-Joshu Debra 
Published: June 2019

Objective
History of stroke and diabetes increases risk for cardiometabolic disease, which can be mitigated through lifestyle management. To evaluate lifestyle risk behaviors among stroke survivors, we compared the prevalence of three lifestyle risk behaviors—physical inactivity, consuming one or less fruit and one or less vegetable daily, and overweight/obesity—between stroke survivors with and without diabetes.

Design
Data from the 2013 and 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were examined. Weighted and age-adjusted prevalence estimates as well as crude and adjusted odds ratios (adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics) were calculated to compare lifestyle risk behaviors between US stroke survivors with and without diabetes.

Results
Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for lifestyle risk behaviors were higher in respondents with diabetes compared with those without diabetes for consuming one or less fruit and one or less vegetable daily (58.8% vs. 53.7%, adjusted odds ratio = 1.14), physical inactivity (65.7% vs. 54.6%, adjusted odds ratio = 1.41), and overweight/obesity (87.2% vs. 63.1%, adjusted odds ratio = 2.42).

Conclusions
Prevalence of select lifestyle risk behaviors exceeds 50% in adults with stroke but is higher in adults with diabetes compared with adults without diabetes. Effective interventions, community programs, and healthcare policy are needed to promote lifestyle management in adults with stroke, particularly among those with diabetes.
A Randomized Control Trial of Comparing Ultrasound-Guided Ozone (O2-O3) vs Corticosteroid Injection in Patients With Shoulder Impingement
Authors: Babaei-Ghazani Arash , Fadavi Hamid Reza , Eftekharsadat Bina , Ebadi Safoora , Ahadi Tannaz , Ghazaei Fatemeh , Khabbaz Mohamad Sadegh 
Published: June 2019

Introduction
Ozone has been recently used as a safe alternative treatment in musculoskeletal disorders with fewer adverse effects than corticosteroids. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a single injection of ozone with that of a corticosteroid in the treatment of shoulder impingement.

Design
Thirty patients with shoulder pain and clinical signs and symptoms of impingement were randomly assigned into two groups: ultrasound-guided injection with ozone or corticosteroid. Patients’ symptoms were evaluated by visual analog scale, constant score, shoulder pain and disability scale, shoulder range of motion, and ultrasonographic measures before treatment, 2 wks, and 2 mos after injections.

Results
Patients’ visual analog scale, shoulder pain and disability scale and constant score improved significantly in both groups (P < 0.001), but the benefits were in favor of corticosteroid group (P < 0.001). At intervals between the two follow-ups, an improvement was observed in the visual analog scale score among patients receiving ozone, whereas during the same interval, patients’ pain slightly worsened in the corticosteroid group. The range of motion and ultrasonographic measures did not show statistical differences between the two groups.

Conclusions
Corticosteroid injection improves the pain and disability scores more significantly than a one-time ozone injection. Ozone may serve as an alternative modality in treating shoulder impingement when the use of steroids is contraindicated.
A Growing Epidemic: Plastic Surgeons and Burnout—A Literature Review
Authors: Khansa Ibrahim , Janis Jeffrey E. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
The prevalence of burnout is increasing among all physicians, including plastic surgeons. Burnout is not simply synonymous with being overworked. It is a complex physical, intellectual, and psychological entity that arises when the expectation and reality of the job do not match. In this article, the authors’ goal is to define burnout, summarize its causes and consequences, and offer the plastic surgeons methods to prevent and address it.

Methods:
A literature search of articles on burnout in medicine was performed. Articles that were relevant were selected, and were qualitatively analyzed to answer our questions on the definition, prevalence, causes, consequences, and treatments of burnout.

Results:
Sixty-five relevant articles were included. The prevalence of burnout among physicians ranges between 29 and 55 percent. Risk factors for physician burnout include increased workload and call, junior academic rank, and fair physician health. There is significant overlap among burnout, depression, and substance abuse, and suicide is much more common among physicians than among the general population. Preventing burnout involves a multiprong approach that addresses the physical, intellectual, and psychological dimensions of the physician.

Conclusions:
In this article, concrete steps to prevent and address burnout are presented to plastic surgeons. For physicians, the most important elements for burnout avoidance are the prevention of emotional exhaustion, and the development of professional autonomy and control.
The Use of a Three-Dimensional Printed Model for Surgical Excision of a Vascular Lesion in the Head and Neck
Authors: Paul Marek A. , Opyrchał Jakub , Witowski Jan , Ibrahim Ahmed M.S. , Knakiewicz Michał , Jaremków Paweł 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Facial vascular lesions are considered a great therapeutic challenge due to the considerable variability of clinical presentations. Surgical removal requires precise planning and advanced visualization to understand the three-dimensional anatomical relationships better.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of three-dimensional printed models, based on computed tomography angiography (CTA), in planning and guiding surgical excision of vascular lesions.
A patient with a suspected vascular malformation in the face was recruited for participation in this feasibility study. Two personalized three-dimensional models were printed based off 2 separate CTA examinations. These constructs were used in preoperative planning and navigating surgical excision. The three-dimensional constructs identified the vicinity of the lesion and highlighted significant anatomical structures including the infraorbital nerve and vessels supplying the area of vascular anomaly. On postoperative follow-up the patient reported no recurrence of swelling and no sensory deficits.
A personalized three-dimensional printed model of a facial vascular lesion was developed based on CTA images and used in preoperative planning and navigating surgical excision. It was most useful in establishing dangerous areas during the dissection process, including critical anatomical structures such as the infraorbital nerve. Combining conventional imaging techniques with three-dimensional printing may lead to improved diagnosis of vascular malformations and should be considered a useful adjunct to surgical management.
Algorithm for Resecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Caudate Lobe
Authors: Takayama Tadatoshi , Midorikawa Yutaka , Higaki Tokio , Nakayama Hisashi , Moriguchi Masamichi , Aramaki Osamu , Yamazaki Shintaro , Aoki Masaru , Kogure Kimitaka , Makuuchi Masatoshi 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
To propose an algorithm for resecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the caudate lobe.

Background:
Owing to a deep location, resection of HCC originating in the caudate lobe is challenging, but a plausible guideline enabling safe, curable resection remains unknown.

Methods:
We developed an algorithm based on sublocation or size of the tumor and liver function to guide the optimal procedure for resecting HCC in the caudate lobe, consisting of 3 portions (Spiegel, process, and caval). Partial resection was prioritized to remove Spiegel or process HCC, while total resection was aimed to remove caval HCC depending on liver function.

Results:
According to the algorithm, we performed total (n = 43) or partial (n = 158) resections of the caudate lobe for HCC in 174 of 201 patients (compliance rate, 86.6%), with a median blood loss of 400 (10–4530) mL. Postoperative morbidity (Clavien grade ≥III b) and mortality rates were 3.0% and 0%, respectively. After a median follow-up of 2.6 years (range, 0.5–14.3), the 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 57.3% and 15.3%, respectively. Total and partial resection showed no significant difference in overall survival (71.2% vs 54.0% at 5 yr; P = 0.213), but a significant factor in survival was surgical margin (58.0% vs 45.6%, P = 0.034). The major determinant for survival was vascular invasion (hazard ratio 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–3.1, P = 0.026).

Conclusions:
Our algorithm-oriented strategy is appropriate for the resection of HCC originating in the caudate lobe because of the acceptable surgical safety and curability.
Opioid Fills in Children Undergoing Surgery From 2011 to 2014
Authors: Wetzel Martha , Hockenberry Jason M. , Raval Mehul V. 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
The primary objective is to describe the relationship between the days supplied of postsurgical filled opioid prescriptions and refills.

Background:
The American College of Surgeons (ACS) has called for surgeons to alter opioid prescribing to counteract the opioid epidemic while simultaneously providing pain relief. However, there is insufficient evidence to inform perioperative prescribing guidelines and quality metrics in children.

Methods:
We performed a secondary data analysis of nationwide commercial claims from the Health Care Cost Institute (HCCI) data spanning 2010 and 2014. Based on initial opioid fill and refill rates for 11 common pediatric procedures, the refill analysis focused on anterior cruciate ligament repair, humerus fracture repair, cholecystectomy, posterior spinal fusion, and tonsillectomy.

Results:
There were 178,990 cases with a median age of 6. Overall, 48.5% of patients filled an opioid prescription between 30 days before surgery through 7 days after surgery, and 14.2% filled a second opioid prescription within 30 days. There was a significant negative relationship between days supplied in the initial prescription and probability of a refill for humerus fracture, spinal fusion, and tonsillectomy. The largest effect was seen for tonsillectomy, with the odds of having a refill decreasing by approximately 12% for each day supplied in the initial prescription (odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.87–0.89, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Pediatric postoperative opioid-prescribing guidelines need to be procedure-specific and based on patient age. We provide the days supplied associated with a 20% probability of a refill by age to further guideline development.
Decreasing Trends in Intestinal Resection and Re-Resection in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Beelen Evelien M. J. , van der Woude C. Janneke , Pierik Marie J. , Hoentjen Frank , de Boer Nanne K. , Oldenburg Bas , van der Meulen Andrea E. , Ponsioen Cyriel I. J. , Dijkstra Gerard , Bruggink Annette H. , Erler Nicole S. , Schouten W. Rudolph , de Vries Annemarie C. 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
To assess time trends in intestinal resection and re-resection in Crohn's disease (CD) patients.

Summary of Background Data:
CD treatment has changed considerably over the past decades. The effect of these advances on the necessity of intestinal resections and the risk of re-resection is unclear.

Methods:
In this nationwide cohort study, adult CD patients with ileocolonic, small bowel, colon, or rectum resections between 1991 and 2015 were included. Data were retrieved from the Dutch nationwide network and registry of histopathology and cytopathology (PALGA). Time trends were analyzed with a broken stick model and Cox proportional hazard model with smoothing splines.

Results:
The identified cohort comprised 8172 CD patients (3293/4879 male/female) in whom 10,315 intestinal resections were performed. The annual intestinal resection rate decreased nonlinearly from 22.7/100,000 CD patients (1991) to 2.5/100,000 (2015). A significantly steeper decrease was observed before 1999 (slope −1.56) as compared to subsequent years (slope −0.41) (P < 0.001). Analogous trends were observed for ileocolonic, small bowel, and colon resections. Overall cumulative risk of re-resection was 10.9% at 5 years, 18.6% at 10 years, and 28.3% at 20 years after intestinal resection. The hazard for intestinal re-resection showed a nonlinear decreasing trend, with hazard ratio 0.39 (95% confidence interval 0.36–0.44) in 2000 and hazard ratio 0.25 (95% confidence interval 0.18–0.34) in 2015 as compared to 1991.

Conclusion:
Over the past 25 years, intestinal resection rate has decreased significantly for ileocolonic, small bowel, and colonic CD. In addition, current postoperative CD patients are at 75% lower risk of intestinal re-resection.
Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA)
Authors: Eliason Jonathan L. , Myers Daniel D. , Ghosh Abhijit , Morrison Jonathan J. , Mathues Angela R. , Durham Laura , Dunivant Veronica , Gonzalez Andrew A. , Rasmussen Todd E. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives:
Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) has been used clinically to limit torso bleeding and restore central perfusion. The objective of this study was to determine the sequelae of prolonged REBOA in a nonhuman primate animal model.

Summary Background Data:
Prolonged duration of REBOA is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Threshold occlusion values tied to relative risk have yet to be determined.

Methods:
Juvenile baboons were subjected to 40% to 55% total blood volume hemorrhage to achieve profound hypotension and shock. Zone I REBOA was performed for 60 minutes to assess acute injury and survival at 4 hours (group 1; n = 7). Post-REBOA 10-day survival and complications were then compared between 60 minutes (group 2; n = 8) and 30 minutes (group 3; n = 6) REBOA animals.

Results:
Overall survival was 20/21 (95%). IL-6 and IL-8 were elevated at 1 and 4 hours in group 1 (P = 0.005; P = 0.001). Comparing 60-minute REBOA with 30-minute REBOA, there was (1) hypertension compared with normotension (P = 0.005), (2) increased base deficit (P = 0.003), (3) elevated Troponin I (P = 0.04), and histological evidence of kidney injury (P = 0.004). In addition, group 2 demonstrated paralysis with histopathologic changes of spinal cord ischemia (SCI) in 4/8 (50%), with no SCI in group 3 (P = 0.033).

Conclusions:
REBOA limits mortality in the primate model of severe hemorrhagic shock. However, unopposed balloon inflation in the distal thoracic aorta for 60 minutes results in high rates of spinal cord ischemia, an effect mitigated by limiting balloon inflation to 30 minutes.
J. Murdoch Mitchison. 11 June 1922—17 March 2011
Authors: Fantes Peter , Mitchison Sally 
Published: June 2019

John Murdoch Mitchison, known as Murdoch, was elected FRS in recognition of his work on the cell cycle. This emerged from a lifelong interest in the natural sciences, interrupted by war-time work in Operational Research which developed his critical appraisal of research technique. Post-war, he completed a PhD at Cambridge, then worked with Sir Michael Swann FRS (1962) on mitotic membrane changes in sea urchins. In 1953 Murdoch joined the University of Edinburgh Zoology Department and in time switched his interest to the fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombe. Over the next 30 years he investigated cell growth and division, employing a meticulous approach to experiments. He considered there to be a ‘growth cycle’ in cells, independent of the DNA-division cycle. There is experimental evidence to support this idea, but further investigations of it have been limited.Actively fostering a relaxed but industrious and enquiring ethos in the lab, Murdoch ran the department jointly with Aubrey Manning. The Mitchison group's work at Edinburgh attracted students including Paul Nurse (later Sir Paul Nurse; FRS 1989, PRS 2010–2015), Béla Novak, Kim Nasmyth (FRS 1989) and Peter Fantes as well as many visiting academics. Murdoch's work onS. pombecame to both national and international recognition, forming a foundation for the current thriving community of researchers in cell physiology, cell genetics and molecular biology.Murdoch is remembered for his single-minded commitment to cell biology research and his generous, fair-minded support of younger colleagues and students. He was, additionally, an expert landscape gardener, a convivial host and phenomenally well-informed on most subjects.
Functional classification of noncoding RNAs associated with distinct histone modifications by PIRCh-seq
Authors: Fang Jingwen , Ma Qing , Chu Ci , Huang Beibei , Li Lingjie , Cai Pengfei , Batista Pedro J. , Tolentino Karen Erisse Martin , Xu Jin , Li Rui , Du Pengcheng , Qu Kun , Chang Howard Y. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTMany long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene transcription through binding to histone modification complexes. Therefore, a comprehensive study of nuclear RNAs in a histone modification-specific manner is critical to understand their regulatory mechanisms. Here we develop a method named Profiling Interacting RNAs on Chromatin by deep sequencing (PIRCh-seq), in which we profile chromatin-associated transcriptome in 5 different cell types using antibodies recognizing histone H3 and 6 distinct histone modifications associated with active or repressive chromatin states. PIRCh-seq identified chromatin-associated RNAs with substantially less contamination by nascent transcripts, as compared to existing methods. We classified chromatin-enriched lncRNAs into 6 functional groups based on the patterns of their association with specific histone modifications. LncRNAs were enriched with different chromatin modifications in different cell types, suggesting lncRNAs’ regulation may also be cell type-specific. By integrating profiles of RNA secondary structure and RNA m6A modification, we found that RNA bases which bind to chromatin tend to be more single stranded. We discovered hundreds of allele-specific RNA-chromatin interactions, nominating specific single nucleotide variants that alter RNA association with chromatin. These results provide a unique resource to globally study the functions of chromatin-associated lncRNAs and elucidate the basic mechanisms of chromatin-RNA interaction.
Single-cell whole-genome sequencing reveals mutational landscapes of DNA mismatch repair deficiency in mouse primary fibroblasts
Authors: Zhang Lei , Dong Xiao , Hao Xiaoxiao , Lee Moonsook , Chi Zhongxuan , Jin Bo , Maslov Alexander Y. , Edelmann Winfried , Vijg Jan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDNA Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is a major cause of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, and is also associated with increased risk of several other cancers. This is generally ascribed to the role of MMR in avoiding mutations by correcting DNA replication errors. In MMR knockout mice very high frequencies of somatic mutations, up until 100-fold of background, have been reported. However, these results have been obtained using bacterial reporter transgenes, which are not representative for the genome overall, and mutational patterns of MMR deficiency remain largely unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed single-cell whole-genome sequencing of lung fibroblasts of Msh2−/− and wild-type mice. We observed a 4-fold increase of somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the fibroblasts of Msh2−/− mice compared to those of wild-type mice. The SNV signature of Msh2 deficiency was found to be driven by C>T and T>C transitions. By comparing it to human cancer signatures, we not only confirmed the inferred MMR-deficiency-related etiology of several cancer signatures but also suggested that MMR deficiency is likely the cause of a cancer signature with its etiology previously unknown. We also observed a 7-fold increase of somatic small insertions and deletions (INDELs) in the Msh2−/− mice. An elevated INDEL frequency has also been found in human MMR-related cancers. INDELs and SNVs distributed differently across genomic features in the Msh2−/− and control cells, with evidence of selection pressure and repair preference. These results provide insights into the landscape of somatic mutations in normal somatic cells caused by MMR deficiency.SignificanceOur results show that MMR deficiency in the mouse is associated with a much lower elevation of somatic mutation rates than previously reported and provides the first MMR whole-genome mutational landscapes in normal somatic cells in vivo.
A theoretical model of neural maturation in the developing spinal cord
Authors: Joshi Piyush , Skromne Isaac 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCellular differentiation is a tightly regulated process under the control of intricate signaling and transcription factors interaction network working in coordination. These interactions make the systems dynamic, robust and stable but also difficult to dissect. In the spinal cord, recent work has shown that a network of FGF, WNT and Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling factors regulate neural maturation by directing the activity of a transcription factor network that contains CDX at its core. Here we have used partial and ordinary (Hill) differential equation based models to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of the FGF/WNT/RA and the CDX/transcription factor networks, alone and in combination. We show that in both networks, the strength of interaction among network partners impacts the dynamics, behavior and output of the system. In the signaling network, interaction strength determine the position and size of discrete regions of cell differentiation and small changes in the strength of the interactions among networking partners can result in a signal overriding, balancing or oscillating with another signal. We also show that the spatiotemporal information generated by the signaling network can be conveyed to the CDX/transcription network to produces a transition zone that separates regions of high cell potency from regions of cell differentiation, in agreement with mostin vivoobservations. Importantly, both networks have built in robustness to extrinsic disturbances. This analysis provides a model for the interaction conditions underlying spinal cord cell maturation during embryonic axial elongation.
Classification, representation and automatic extraction of adhesively bonded assembly features
Authors: Das Shantanu Kumar , Swain Abinash Kumar 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to present the classification, representation and extraction of adhesively bonded assembly features (ABAFs) from the computer-aided design (CAD) model.Design/methodology/approachThe ABAFs are represented as a set of faces with a characteristic arrangement among the faces among parts in proximity suitable for adhesive bonding. The characteristics combination of the faying surfaces and their topological relationships help in classification of ABAFs. The ABAFs are classified into elementary and compound types based on the number of assembly features exist at the joint location.FindingsA set of algorithms is developed to extract and identify the ABAFs from CAD model. Typical automotive and aerospace CAD assembly models have been used to illustrate and validate the proposed approach.Originality/valueNew classification and extraction methods for ABAFs are proposed, which are useful for variant design.