bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PbrmiR397a regulates lignification during stone cell development in pear fruit
Authors: Xue Cheng , Yao Jia‐Long , Qin Meng‐Fan , Zhang Ming‐Yue , Allan Andrew C. , Wang De‐Fu , Wu Jun 
Published: May 2018

SummaryLignified stone cells substantially reduce fruit quality. Therefore, it is desirable to inhibit stone cell development using genetic technologies. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating lignification are poorly understood in fruit stone cells. In this study, we have shown that microRNA (miR) miR397a regulates fruit cell lignification by inhibiting laccase (LAC) genes that encode key lignin biosynthesis enzymes. Transient overexpression of PbrmiR397a, which is the miR397a of Chinese pear (Pyrus bretschneideri), and simultaneous silencing of three LAC genes reduced the lignin content and stone cell number in pear fruit. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified in the promoter of the PbrmiR397a gene was found to associate with low levels of fruit lignin, after analysis of the genome sequences of sixty pear varieties. This SNP created a TCA element that responded to salicylic acid to induce gene expression as confirmed using a cell‐based assay system. Furthermore, stable overexpression of PbrmiR397a in transgenic tobacco plants reduced the expression of target LAC genes and decreased the content of lignin but did not change the ratio of syringyl‐ and guaiacyl‐lignin monomers. Consistent with reduction in lignin content, the transgenic plants showed fewer numbers of vessel elements and thinner secondary walls in the remaining elements compared to wild‐type control plants. This study has advanced our understanding of the regulation of lignin biosynthesis and provided useful molecular genetic information for improving pear fruit quality.
Late Cenozoic brittle deformation in the Southern Patagonian Andes: Record of plate coupling/decoupling during variable subduction?
Authors: Barberón Vanesa , Sue Christian , Ghiglione Matías , Ronda Gonzalo , Aragón Eugenio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Andes of southern Patagonia experienced a Miocene shift towards faster and higher angle subduction followed by the approach and collision of the Chile oceanic ridge. We present a kinematic study characterizing palaeostress fields computed from brittle tectonics to better constrain upper crustal deformation during this complex scenario. Although previous studies already suggested variable kinematics, it is striking that in a long‐lasting subduction environment, the computed palaeostress tensors are mostly strike‐slip (55%), while 35% are extensional, and only 10% compressive which are concentrated along a main frontal thrust. Cross‐cutting relationships and synsedimentary deformation indicate that a long‐lived strike‐slip regime was punctuated by a lower Miocene extensional event in the foreland before the main compressional event. The results are discussed in contrasting geodynamic models of plate coupling/decoupling versus direction and rate of convergence of the subducting plate, to explain the main mechanisms that control back‐arc deformation.
EUCAST Determination of Olorofim (F901318) Susceptibility of Mold Species, Method Validation, and MICs
Authors: Jørgensen Karin Meinike , Astvad Karen M. T. , Hare Rasmus Krøger , Arendrup Maiken Cavling 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Olorofim is a novel antifungal agent with
in vitro
activity against
Aspergillus
and some other molds. Here, we addressed technical aspects for EUCAST olorofim testing and generated contemporary MIC data. EUCAST E.Def 9.3.1 testing was performed comparing two plate preparation methods (serial dilution in medium [serial plates] versus predilution in DMSO [ISO plates]), two lots of olorofim, visual (visual-MIC) versus spectrophotometer (spec-MIC) reading, and four polystyrene plates using 34 to 53
Aspergillus
isolates from five genera. Subsequently, olorofim MICs were compared to itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and amphotericin B MICs for 298 clinical mold isolates (2016 to 2017). Wild-type upper limits (WT-UL) were determined following EUCAST principles for epidemiologic cutoff value (ECOFF) setting. Olorofim median MICs comparing serial plates and ISO plates were identical (25/36 [69%]) or one dilution apart (11/36 [31%]). Interperson agreement for visual-MICs was 92% to 94%/100% for ≤1/≤2 dilutions, respectively. The visual-MIC values across tested microtiter plates and olorofim lots revealed only discrete differences (≤1 dilution lower for treated plates). No single spec-MIC criterion was applicable to all species. Olorofim MICs were low against 275
Aspergillus
species isolates (modal MIC, 0.06 mg/liter; MIC range, < 0.004 to 0.25 mg/liter) and three dermatophytes (MICs 0.03 to 0.06 mg/liter). MICs against
Fusarium
were diverse, with full inhibition of
F. proliferatum
(MIC, 0.016), 50% growth inhibition of
Fusarium solani
at 1 to 2 mg/liter, and no inhibition of
F. dimerum
. Olorofim displayed potent
in vitro
activity against most mold isolates and was associated with limited variation in EUCAST susceptibility testing.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Chryseobacterium piscicola and Chryseobacterium shigense
Authors: Stine Cynthia B. , Li Cong , Crosby Tina C. , Hasbrouck Nicholas R. , Lam Claudia , Tadesse Daniel A. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

We report the draft whole-genome sequences for
Chryseobacterium piscicola
and
Chryseobacterium shigense
type strains, bacteria that have been associated with fish gill disease.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Bioluminescent Vibrio campbellii Strains Isolated from Biofouling Communities in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Colston Sophie M. , Ellis Gregory A. , Kim Seongwon , Wijesekera Hemantha W. , Leary Dagmar H. , Lin Baochuan , Kirkup Benjamin C. , Hervey W. Judson , Vora Gary J. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Vibrio campbellii
is a pathogen of aquatic animals and has been proposed as a bacterial partner in the formation of bioluminescent milky seas. We present here the complete genome sequences assembled from Illumina and Oxford Nanopore data for two bioluminescent
Vibrio campbellii
strains (BoB-53 and BoB-90) isolated from biofouled moorings in the Bay of Bengal.
Resuming anticoagulants after anticoagulation-associated intracranial haemorrhage: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Zien , Yu Jie , Carcel Cheryl , Delcourt Candice , Shan Jiehui , Lindley Richard I , Neal Bruce , Anderson Craig S , Hackett Maree L 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the adverse outcomes following resumption of anticoagulation in patients with anticoagulation-associated intracranial haemorrhage (ICH).DesignWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in this clinical population. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed, and two authors independently assessed eligibility of all retrieved studies and extracted data.Data sourcesMedline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from inception to February 2017.Eligibility criteria and outcomesRandomised controlled trials or cohort studies that recruited adults who received oral anticoagulants at the time of ICH occurrence and survived after the acute phase or hospitalisation were searched. Primary outcomes, including long-term mortality, recurrent ICH and thromboembolic events. Secondary outcomes were the frequency of resuming anticoagulant therapy and related factors.ResultsWe included 12 cohort studies (no clinical trials) involving 3431 ICH participants. The pooled frequency of resuming anticoagulant therapy was 38% (95% CI 32% to 44%), but this was higher in participants with prosthetic heart valves, subarachnoid haemorrhage or dyslipidaemia. There was no evidence that resuming anticoagulant therapy was associated with higher long-term mortality (pooled relative risk (RR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.30 to 1.19; p=0.14) or ICH recurrence (pooled RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.80; p=0.57). Resumption of anticoagulation was associated with significantly fewer thromboembolic events (pooled RR 0.31, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.42; p<0.001). In a subgroup of patients with atrial fibrillation, resuming anticoagulant therapy was associated with fewer long-term mortality (pooled RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.37, p<0.001).ConclusionsBased on these observational studies, resuming anticoagulant therapy after anticoagulation-associated ICH has beneficial effects on long-term complications. Clinical trials are needed to substantiate these findings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017063827.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Clinical Translation
Authors: Aghighi Maryam , Theruvath Ashok J. , Pareek Anuj , Pisani Laura L. , Alford Raphael , Muehe Anne M. , Sethi Tarsheen K. , Holdsworth Samantha J. , Hazard Florette K. , Gratzinger Dita , Luna-Fineman Sandra , Advani Ranjana , Spunt Sheri L. , Daldrup-Link Heike E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in malignant tumors have been linked to tumor aggressiveness and represent a new target for cancer immunotherapy. As new TAM-targeted immunotherapies are entering clinical trials, it is important to detect and quantify TAM with noninvasive imaging techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine if ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI can detect TAM in lymphomas and bone sarcomas of pediatric patients and young adults.
Experimental Design: In a first-in-patient, Institutional Review Board–approved prospective clinical trial, 25 pediatric and young adult patients with lymphoma or bone sarcoma underwent ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI. To confirm ferumoxytol enhancement, five pilot patients (two lymphoma and three bone sarcoma) underwent pre- and postcontrast MRI. Subsequently, 20 patients (10 lymphoma and 10 bone sarcoma) underwent ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI 24 to 48 hours after i.v. injection, followed by tumor biopsy/resection and macrophage staining. To determine if ferumoxytol-MRI can differentiate tumors with different TAM content, we compared T2* relaxation times of lymphomas and bone sarcomas. Tumor T2* values of 20 patients were correlated with CD68+ and CD163+ TAM quantities on histopathology.
Results: Significant ferumoxytol tumor enhancement was noted on postcontrast scans compared with precontrast scans (P = 0.036). Bone sarcomas and lymphomas demonstrated significantly different MRI enhancement and TAM density (P &lt; 0.05). Within each tumor group, T2* signal enhancement on MR images correlated significantly with the density of CD68+ and CD163+ TAM (P &lt; 0.05).
Conclusions: Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI is immediately clinically applicable and could be used to stratify patients with TAM-rich tumors to immune-targeted therapies and to monitor tumor response to these therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4110–8. ©2018 AACR.
Impact of a History of Hypertension in Pregnancy on Later Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Scantlebury Dawn C. , Kattah Andrea G. , Weissgerber Tracey L. , Agarwal Sanket , Mielke Michelle M. , Weaver Amy L. , Vaughan Lisa E. , Henkin Stanislav , Zimmerman Katherine , Miller Virginia M. , White Wendy M. , Hayes Sharonne N. , Garovic Vesna D. 
Published: May 2018

Background

Atrial fibrillation/flutter (
AF
) produces significant morbidity in women and is typically attributed to cardiac remodeling from multiple causes, particularly hypertension. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders (
HPD
s) are associated with future hypertension and adverse cardiac remodeling. We evaluated whether women with
AF
were more likely to have experienced a
HPD
compared with those without.

Methods and Results

A nested case–control study was conducted within a cohort of 7566 women who had a live or stillbirth delivery in Olmsted County, Minnesota between 1976 and 1982.
AF
cases were matched (1:1) to controls based on date of birth, age at first pregnancy, and parity.
AF
and pregnancy history were confirmed by chart review. We identified 105
AF
cases: mean age 57±8 (mean±
SD
) years, (controls 56±8 years), 32±8 years (controls 31±8 years) after the first pregnancy. Cases were more likely to have obesity during childbearing years, and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary disease, valvular disease, and heart failure at the time of
AF
diagnosis. Cases were more likely to have a history of
HPD
s, compared with controls: 28/105 (26.7%) cases versus 12/105 (11.4%) controls, odds ratio: 2.60 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–6.04). After adjustment for hypertension and obesity, the association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant; odds ratio (95% confidence interval, 2.12 (0.92–5.23).

Conclusions

Women with
AF
are more likely to have had a
HPD
, a relationship at least partially mediated by associated obesity and hypertension. Given the high morbidity of
AF
, studies evaluating the benefit of screening for and management of cardiovascular risk factors in women with a history of
HPD
should be performed.
Pregnancy‐Related Risk Factors Are Associated With a Significant Burden of Treated Hypertension Within 10 Years of Delivery: Findings From a Population‐Based Norwegian Cohort
Authors: Egeland Grace M. , Skurtveit Svetlana , Staff Anne Cathrine , Eide Geir Egil , Daltveit Anne‐Kjersti , Klungsøyr Kari , Trogstad Lill , Magnus Per M. , Brantsæter Anne Lise , Haugen Margaretha 
Published: May 2018

Background
The association between pregnancy complications and women's later cardiovascular disease has, primarily, been evaluated in studies lacking information on important covariates. This report evaluates the prospective associations between pregnancy‐related risk factors (preeclampsia/eclampsia, gestational hypertension, pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, and fetal growth restriction) and pharmacologically treated hypertension within 10 years after pregnancy, while adjusting for a wide range of covariates.

Methods and Results

Prepregnancy normotensive women participating in the MoBa (Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study) from January 2004 through July 2009 were linked to the Norwegian Prescription Database to identify women with pharmacologically treated hypertension beyond the postpartum period of 3 months. The burden of hypertension associated with pregnancy‐related risk factors was evaluated using an attributable fraction method. A total of 1480 women developed pharmacologically treated hypertension within the follow‐up among 60 027 women (rate of hypertension, 3.6/1000 person‐years). The proportion of hypertension associated with a history of preeclampsia/eclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery, and pregestational or gestational diabetes mellitus was 28.6% (95% confidence interval, 25.5%–31.6%) on the basis of multivariable analyses adjusting for numerous covariates. The proportion was similar for women with a healthy prepregnancy body mass index (18.5‐24.9 kg/m
2
; attributable fraction (AF)% 25.9%; 95% confidence interval, 21.3%‐30.3%), but considerably higher for nulliparous women at baseline within the first 5 years of follow‐up. Small‐for‐gestational age, however, did not increase subsequent hypertension risk in multivariable analyses.

Conclusions
A structured postpartum follow‐up of high‐risk women identified through pregnancy‐related risk factors would facilitate personalized preventive strategies to postpone or avoid onset of premature cardiovascular events.
Association Between Gestational Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among 617 589 Norwegian Women
Authors: Riise Hilde Kristin Refvik , Sulo Gerhard , Tell Grethe S. , Igland Jannicke , Nygård Ottar , Iversen Ann‐Charlotte , Daltveit Anne Kjersti 
Published: May 2018

Background

Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension (
GH
) are the most common hypertensive pregnancy disorders. Preeclampsia has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
), but a similar association for
GH
has not been established. We aimed to determine the association between
GH
and subsequent
CVD
, and explore the additional role of small‐for‐gestational‐age infants, preterm delivery, and parity.

Methods and Results

Data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were linked to the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway project and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed using Cox proportional hazard regression, comparing women with and without
GH
during their first and/or second pregnancy. We included all women with a first delivery from 1980 through 2009 (n=617 589) and followed them for a median of 14.3 (quartile 1–quartile 3: 6.9–21.5) years. Women with
GH
in the first pregnancy had 1.8‐fold (95% confidence interval, 1.7–2.0) higher risk of subsequent
CVD
compared with women without any hypertensive pregnancy disorder. When
GH
occurred in combination with small‐for‐gestational‐age infants and/or preterm delivery, the hazard ratio was 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 2.3–3.0). When women with
GH
were compared with women with preeclampsia, the risk of
CVD
was comparable when the pregnancy complications occurred in either the first or second pregnancy but was significantly higher for preeclampsia without complications when the disorder occurred in both pregnancies.

Conclusions

GH
was associated with increased risk of subsequent
CVD
, and the highest risk was observed when
GH
was combined with small‐for‐gestational‐age infants and/or preterm delivery.
Compression with 23 mmHg or 35 mmHg stockings after saphenous catheter foam sclerotherapy and phlebectomy of varicose veins: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Cavezzi Attilio , Mosti Giovanni , Colucci Roberto , Quinzi Valentina , Bastiani Luca , Urso Simone U 
Published: May 2018

Objectives To compare two different medical compression stockings after varicose vein treatment. Patients and methods A randomized single-blind controlled study on two compression regimes after saphenous catheter foam sclerotherapy + phlebectomy was performed. After pads and 5 mmHg contention sock, 23 mmHg (group A, Struva 23®) or 35 mmHg (group B, Struva 35®) medical compression stocking was applied 24 h/day for seven days; subsequently 21–23 mmHg medical compression stocking in daytime. Symptoms, compliance, skin findings, and bioimpedance spectroscopy parameters were assessed. Results A total of 94 patients (48 and 49 limbs in groups A and B, respectively) were enrolled. Three (T3) and seven (T7) days post-operatively, most symptoms were significantly milder in group B, especially pain and heaviness at T7 and at day 40 (T40). Ambulation, medical compression stocking stability/tolerability and skin healing were significantly better in group B, with p = 0.046, 0.021/0.060, and 0.010, respectively, at T7. Bioimpedance parameters increased at T7 and decreased at T40 in both groups; leg reactance and limb L-Dex improved in group B at T7 and T40, respectively (p = 0.039 and 0.012). Conclusions Compression with 23 and 35 mmHg medical compression stocking after catheter foam sclerotherapy + phlebectomy was effective and well tolerated at immediate/short term. Compression with 35 mmHg medical compression stocking provided less adverse post-operative symptoms and better tissue healing. Bioimpedance results confirmed a slightly better edema improvement with 35 mmHg medical compression stocking.
Evaluation of anterior intermeniscal ligament in discoid lateral meniscus cases and presenting the accompanying meniscal pathologies with MRI
Authors: Koç Ali , Tokmak Turgut Tursem , Karabıyık Özgür , Türk Gamze 
Published: May 2018

Background Although several studies were conducted to put forth the biomechanical function of anterior intermeniscal ligament (AIML) on the stability of meniscal structures, there are few data on the etiology of the early degeneration of discoid type compared to the normal shaped ones. Purpose To determine the AIML subtypes and accompanying meniscal pathologies in discoid lateral menisci (DLM) on knee MRI exams. Material and Methods Knee MRI exams of 171 individuals with DLM were reviewed. DLMs and AIMLs were typed according to Watanabe’s classification and Nelson-Laprade classification, respectively. Medial and lateral menisci were evaluated for tear and menisco-capsular pathology. Pearson’s correlation test was used for statistical analysis. Results DLM was type I in 83 (48.5%) individuals and type II in 88 (51.5%) individuals. AIML was absent in 90 (52.6%) participants; type I AIML was seen in 38 out 81 (22.2%), type II in 31 out of 81(18.1%), and type III in 12 out of 81 (7%). Meniscal pathology was observed in 56 (32.7%) individuals as follows: menisco-capsular strain/separation in 25 (14.6%); medial meniscal tear in 22 (12.8%); and lateral meniscal tear in nine (5.2%); Of these 56 cases, 26 (46%) had no AIML, 15 cases (27%) had type I, nine cases (16%) had type II, and six cases (11%) had type III AIML. Conclusion No statistically significant correlation was found between the type of DLM and type of AIML ( P = 0.855), between the type of DLM and meniscal pathology ( P = 0.791), or between the type of AIML and meniscal pathology ( P = 0.282).
Detection of loco-regional recurrence in malignant head and neck tumors: a comparison of CT, MRI, and FDG PET-CT
Authors: Kim Eun Soo , Yoon Dae Young , Moon Ji Yoon , Baek Sora , Han You Mie , Seo Young Lan , Yun Eun Joo 
Published: May 2018

Background The early and accurate detection of local or regional recurrence of head and neck tumor is critically important. Purpose To compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT, alone and in combination, in detecting the locoregional recurrence of malignant head and neck tumor. Material and Methods A total of 93 patients with loco-regional recurrence of malignant head and neck tumors underwent CT, MRI, and PET-CT within 30 days before surgery. CT, MRI, and PET-CT for each patient were retrospectively reviewed to determine the presence of recurrent tumors in the primary site on a patient-by-patient basis and that of regional lymph nodes on a level-by-level basis. The diagnostic accuracy of CT, MRI, and PET-CT, alone and combined, were accessed with the postoperative histopathological findings or with 12-month follow-up results as the standard of reference. Results The sensitivity/specificity/and accuracy of CT, MRI, and PET-CT for the detection of primary site recurrence was 89.9/85.7/89.3%, 94.9/85.7/93.6%, and 97.5/92.9/96.8%, respectively. The sensitivity/specificity/accuracy of CT, MRI, and PET-CT for the detection of nodal recurrence was 66.3/99.4/92.4%, 74.7/99.4/94.2%, and 85.5/94.9/93.0%, respectively. MRI + PET-CT achieved the best performance in the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis (Az value = 0.958 for primary site recurrence and 0.929 for nodal recurrence). Conclusion MRI + PET-CT offered the highest diagnostic performance in the detection of loco-regional recurrence of malignant head and neck tumor, compared with CT, MRI, PET-CT, and other combinations including CT.