bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of CPR Machine Power and Change in Right Atrial Pressure for Estimating CPR Quality
Authors: Lee Do-Yeon , Kang Seong-Min , Choi Seong-Wook 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhen a cardiac arrest occurs, it is necessary to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as soon as possible. This requires maintaining the pressure depth at 5 cm at a rate of 100 cpm. For CPR machines, which are frequently used in ambulances, the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is not superior to that of manual CPR, although CPR machines can maintain the compression rate and reciprocal distance of the compression plate more accurately. When the thoracic cavity is deformed due to repeated chest compressions, CPR machines must be adjusted. It is necessary to develop a method for measuring whether adequate CPR is achieved using CPR machines. CPR was performed on two pigs with a CPR machine, commencing 1 minute after the heart was stopped. Four CPR modes were used, with compression rates of 60 or 100 cpm and compression depths of 3 or 5 cm. The CPR machine was equipped with a load cell for measuring compression force, and a potentiometer for measuring compression depth. The measurement results obtained from the sensor were used to calculate the frequency components. The compression force and depth data were used to calculate the mechanical power of the CPR machine and mechanical impedance of the thoracic cavity. Changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2), coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), carotid blood flow (CBF), and right atrial pressure (RAP) were measured during performance of CPR; change in RAP refers to variation therein with chest compressions. Continuous CPR in both animals resulted in deformation of the chest cavity and a steady decline in impedance. The correlation between CPR power and change in RAP was 0.78, and that between compression force and CBF was 0.64. Impedance was not correlated with blood pressure or CBF. When the condition of the animal deteriorated due to cardiac arrest, the CPP decreased and ETCO2 increased. The CPR power and RAP varied according to the CPR mode rather than the condition of the animal. Measuring the CPR machine power does not require a separate procedure, such as catheter intubation, so should be suitable as an index of the quality of CPR in emergency situations.
Aptness of Escherichia coli host strain CB390 to detect total coliphages in Colombia
Authors: Campos Claudia , Méndez Javier , Venegas Camilo , Riaño Luisa Fernanda , Castaño Paula , Leiton Natalia , Riaño Eliana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFecal bacteria have been used for more than a century as indicators of fecal contamination in water. In recent years, the monitoring of somatic and F-specific coliphages has been gradually included in guidelines and regulations as an additional parameter to reinforce water safety. The Escherichia coli host strain CB390 was tailored to detect both somatic and F-specific coliphages in a single test. The efficacy of this strain for bacteriophage detection, previously evaluated in Western Europe and North America, was assessed here for the first time in South America. The detection of somatic and F-specific coliphages by the strain CB390, as well as by standardized methods, was performed in drinking and river water and municipal and abattoir wastewaters. No statistical difference was found in the numbers of total coliphages detected by strain CB390 and the sum of somatic and F-specific coliphages determined separately by the standardized ISO methods. The data presented here provide further validation of the effectiveness of the host strain E. coli CB390 for the detection of total coliphages in waters in a single test and demonstrate its suitability for application in upper-middle income countries of the Americas (World Bank category).
High‐resolution spotlight spaceborne SAR focusing via modified‐SVDS and deramping‐based approach
Authors: Qian Yulei , Zhu Daiyin 
Published: June 2019

Fine resolution spaceborne spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging is typically affected by the problems of curved orbit and azimuth spectral aliasing, especially when the resolution achieves the decimetre level. In order to overcome these difficulties, a method is proposed here, which consists of the modified singular value decomposition Stolt (SVDS) and the deramping‐based approach. The modified SVDS is designed to properly handle the influence induced by curved orbit, and the deramping‐based approach is utilised to solve the azimuth spectral aliasing problem. The modified SVDS is derived from the original SVDS by further taking the singular value into consideration, which is more concise and efficient. In addition, the deramping‐based approach is combined with numerical differentiation so as to accommodate the situation of curved orbit. The proposed method has smaller phase error and performs better than the generalised ωK method when resolution achieves decimetre level. Experiments carried out on point target simulation validate the effectiveness of the presented method. With focused scene size of 4 by 3 km, the range and azimuth resolutions can achieve 0.15 and 0.14 m, respectively.
Evidence for Involvement of TRPV1 Receptors and Potassium Channels in the Seizures Induced by α-Sanshool
Authors: Reyes-Trejo Benito , Morales-Hernández Mario Noel , González-Anduaga Gloria Melisa , Balderas-López José Luis , Tavares-Carvalho José Carlos , Navarrete Andrés 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
α-Sanshool is an alkamide isolated from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum liebmannianum, a Mexican medicinal plant known as Colopahtle. Our research group has reported that the intraperitoneal administration of α-sanshool induces tonic-clonic seizures in mice. In the present study, we investigated the convulsive effect of this alkamide and elucidated its mechanism of action by comparing with well-known convulsive and anticonvulsive drugs in an in vivo approach. α-Sanshool showed a potent (ED50 [CL 95%]=3.06 [2.92–3.22] mg/kg) and immediate (2±2 s) seizure effect after the intraperitoneal administration in mice. The convulsive effect of this alkamide was only observed for intraperitoneal administration; the oral route did not show any effect. α-Sanshool was less potent than strychnine (ED50 [CL 95%]=1.53 [1.44–1.62] mg/kg), but more effective than bicuculline, 4-aminopyridine, affinin, and pentylenetetrazol, in that order. The seizures induced by α-sanshool were reduced by capsazepine and diazoxide, suggesting the involvement of TRPV1 and potassium channels in the mechanism of action of this compound.
Dynamic secretome of bone marrow-derived stromal cells reveals a cardioprotective biochemical cocktail
Authors: Kshitiz  , Ellison David D. , Suhail Yasir , Afzal Junaid , Woo Laura , Kilic Onur , Spees Jeffrey , Levchenko Andre 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Intercellular communication between cells in tissues is frequently mediated by secreted factors, with rates of secretion frequently varying over time. Stem cells can be recruited and contribute to the reparative process in diverse tissues. How this versatile cytoprotective effect is achieved is not well understood. Here we describe a simple-to-use platform to estimate the dynamics of cellular paracrine signaling in response to a wide range of physiologically relevant perturbations. When injured cardiomyocytes were presented with a cocktail matching the dynamics and dosage of stromal cell-derived secreted factors, we found an improved survival response, suggesting that secretory dynamics can be a key component of therapeutic recombinant cocktails for tissue repair.
Myosin IIA suppresses glioblastoma development in a mechanically sensitive manner
Authors: Picariello Hannah S. , Kenchappa Rajappa S. , Rai Vandana , Crish James F. , Dovas Athanassios , Pogoda Katarzyna , McMahon Mariah , Bell Emily S. , Chandrasekharan Unnikrishnan , Luu Amanda , West Rita , Lammerding Jan , Canoll Peter , Odde David J. , Janmey Paul A. , Egelhoff Thomas , Rosenfeld Steven S. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Glioblastoma, the most common and lethal of primary brain tumors, can diffusely infiltrate brain. Because the components of the cytoskeleton that drive tumor invasion are nonredundant, they have been attractive targets for blocking glioblastoma dispersion. However, we find that while targeting one of these—the molecular motor myosin IIA—effectively blocks glioblastoma invasion, it enhances tumor proliferation and lethality. In this study, we have found that myosin IIA functions as a tumor suppressor by reducing signaling of two oncogenes—ERK1/2 and NF-κB—in a manner regulated by the mechanics of the tumor and surrounding brain. Our results also argue that effective treatment of glioblastoma will require inhibiting targets that drive both invasion and proliferation.
La traduction des discours politiques classiques de l’histoire du temps présent
Authors: Gagnon Chantal , Lehoux-Jobin Etienne 
Published: June 2019

RésuméEn contexte canadien, les discours politiques du premier ministre du pays sont généralement présentés dans les deux langues officielles depuis au moins la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle. Pour étudier les discours politiques classiques de l’histoire canadienne du temps présent, il faut donc nécessairement prendre en compte le phénomène de la traduction. Dans cette contribution, le discours politique classique est défini comme une allocution politique d’importance. Pour arriver à la constitution d’un canon de discours politiques représentatifs, l’article avance l’importance d’étudier cinq acteurs susceptibles de répertorier et d’évaluer les allocutions politiques, soit les institutions politiques, les maisons d’édition, les établissements d’enseignement, les médias traditionnels et les médias sociaux. Pour qu’une allocution devienne un classique, elle doit avoir été remarquée et reprise par plusieurs de ces acteurs. Enfin, en analysant la façon dont deux déclarations politiques célèbres ont été reprises dans différents médias, l’article met en évidence le caractère inéluctablement mouvant des traductions de classiques politiques : il semblerait que la retraduction soit de rigueur lorsque journalistes et auteurs québécois citent des déclarations politiques canadiennes-anglaises.
Second language pragmatics development through different instructional techniques
Authors: Zaferanieh Elaheh , Tavakoli Mansoor , Eslami Rasekh Abbass 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of three types of instruction on learning the speech act of criticizing by 100 Iranian learners of English. For 10 weeks, the consciousness raising group (N = 27), input enhancement group (N = 23), and ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development)-sensitive group (N = 25) participated in the study. The three treatment groups were compared with a control group (N = 25) on pre-tests, immediate and delayed posttests performance of discourse completion test and role-play test. The results revealed that treatment groups significantly improved and outperformed the control group. They maintained their improvement in the delayed posttest. In addition, the results showed the superiority of ZPD-sensitive instruction in relation to two other methods, and better performance of consciousness raising instruction than input-enhancement method. Finally, by interviewing the participants, the researchers could understand the opinions of learners about the instructions they received. The findings and implications are discussed.
Images of Cortés in sixteenth-century translations of Francisco López de Gómara’s Historia de la conquista de México (1552)
Authors: Ríos Castaño Victoria 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study provides an overview of five sixteenth-century translations of Francisco López de Gómara’s Historia de la conquista de México (1552), namely, Agostino di Cravaliz’s and Lucio Mauro’s into Italian, Thomas Nicholls’s into English, and Martin Fumée’s and Guillaume Le Breton’s into French. The article is organized into two main sections. The first one casts some light upon the socio-historical context in which the translations were written by analysing several paratexts (e.g., acknowledgements and introductions). The second section focuses on the manner in which passages regarding Cortés’s origins and death were rendered, discussing translators’ techniques, skopos, and target audiences.
X-ray radiography of microjetting from grooved surfaces in tin sample subjected to laser driven shock
Authors: Xin Jianting , He Anmin , Liu Wenbin , Chu GenBai , Yu Minghai , Fan Wei , Wu YuChi , Xi Tao , Shui Min , Zhao Yongqiang , Wang Pei , Gu Yuqiu , He Weihua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhen a triangular shock wave reflects from the free surface of a solid sample, microjetting may emit from the grooved surface, leading to high velocity approximately micrometer-size fragments. Microjetting is an important issue for material dynamic response under shock loading in both fundamental science and practical applications. In this paper, the dynamic process of microjetting is investigated in the laser-driven shock loading conditions, the experiments were performed at the ShenguangII-U (SGII-U) laser facility. Microjetting from the triangular grooves in the free surface of a tin sample is diagnosed with x-ray radiography, where the 40–200 keV high energy x-ray is created with the picosecond laser beam focused on a Auµ-wire target. The density distribution along the microjetting and cumulated mass can be inferred from the images radiographied by such ultrashot high energy x-ray. The density distribution shows two representative regions including the head region of microjetting with low density and high speed, and the root region with high density and low speed. The microjets from three continuous parallel grooves with 60° angle are significantly different from that of 120° angle, the effect of the groove angle was verified by numerical simulation and experimental results.
Short cavity InGaN-based laser diodes with cavity length below 300 μm
Authors: Zhang Hezhi , Shih Ching-Wen , Martin Denis , Caut Alexander , Carlin Jean-François , Butté Raphaël , Grandjean Nicolas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report on a practical method for developing InGaN-based edge emitting laser diodes of cavity length down to 45 μm. Samples consisting of one uncoated cleaved facet and one etched facet coated with a high-reflectivity (HR) dielectric distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) exhibit lasing in the continuous wave (cw) regime for cavity lengths down to 250 μm and lasing under pulsed injection for lengths as short as 100 μm. For samples having a second HR dielectric DBR, we could demonstrate cw lasing for a cavity length as short as 45 μm with a threshold current below 10 mA being reported for a 75 μm long device. Through a systematic study of the threshold current (I
th) and the slope efficiency (η

s
) as a function of cavity length, it is proposed that the parameters underpinning the evolution of I
th and η

s
with decreasing cavity length and their overall degradation in the short cavity regime are free carrier absorption, Auger processes and the decrease in the recombination losses due to nonuniform carrier distribution across the multiple quantum well active region.
On How the Scalar Propagator Transforms Covariantly in Spinless Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Villanueva-Sandoval V M , Concha-Sánchez Y , Gutiérrez-Guerrero L-X , Raya A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Gauge covariance properties of the scalar propagator in spinless/scalar quantum electrodynamics (SQED) are explored in the light of the corresponding Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformation (LKFT). These transformations are non perturbative in nature and describe how each Green function of the gauge theory changes under a variation of the gauge parameter. With a simple strategy, considering the scalar propagator at the tree level in Landau gauge, we derive a non perturbative expression for this propagator in an arbitrary covariant gauge and three as well as four space-time dimensions. Some relevant kinematical limits are discussed. Particularly, we compare our findings in the weak coupling regime with the direct one-loop calculation of the said propagator and observe perfect agreement up to an expected gauge independent term. We further notice that some of the coefficients of the all-order expansion for the propagator are fixed directly from the LKFT, a fact that makes this set of transformations appealing over ordinary perturbative calculations in gauge theories.
Off-shell gluon amplitudes in QCD
Authors: Ahmadiniaz Naser 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this contribution we discuss off-shell gluon amplitudes from worldline formalism perspective. We use the Bern-Kosower master formula and two IBP methods to extract the form factor of the off-shell three-and four-gluon vertices. For the four-gluon case we also discus its representation in

N
=
4

= 4 SYM.
A worldline approach to colored particles
Authors: Bastianelli Fiorenzo , Bonezzi Roberto , Corradini Olindo , Latini Emanuele , Ould-Lahoucine Khaled Hassan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Relativistic particle actions are a useful tool to describe quantum field theory effective actions using a string-inspired first-quantized approach. Here we describe how to employ suitable particle actions in the computation of the scalar contribution to the one-loop gluon effective action. We use the well-known method of introducing auxiliary variables that create the color degrees of freedom. In a path integral they implement automatically the path ordering needed to ensure gauge invariance. It is known that the color degrees of freedom introduced this way form a reducible representation of the gauge group. We describe a method of projecting onto the fundamental representation (or any other chosen irrep, if desired) of the gauge group. Previously, we have discussed the case of anticommuting auxiliary variables. Choosing them to be in the fundamental representation allows to obtain, without any extra effort, also the situation in which the color is given by any antisymmetric tensor product of the fundamental. Here, we describe the novel case of bosonic auxiliary variables. They can be used equivalently for creating the color charges in the fundamental representation. In addition one gets, as a byproduct, the cases where the particle can have the color sitting in any symmetric tensor product of the fundamental. This is obtained by tuning to a different value a Chern Simons coupling, present in the model, which controls how the projection is achieved.
Interaction of femtosecond laser radiation with titanium in a liquid hydrocarbon medium
Authors: Ivashchenko A V , Kochuev D A , Khorkov K S , Prokoshev V G , Tarasova M A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A method for the synthesis of microspheres coated with titanium carbide is described. The processes occurring in the region of the action of laser radiation are considered. The formation of microspheres was carried out by the action of femtosecond laser radiation on the surface of titanium located in the reaction medium - the ultimate hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon source was the medium in which the treatment was carried out. The obtained microspheres have an average size of 1-3 μm and can be used in applications of additive engineering, powder metallurgy as the main raw material, or as an alloying additive.
Investigation of the elemental composition of samples after exposure to θ-pinches in the vicinity of periodic discharges in a flow of liquid
Authors: Nesterovich A V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of laser mass-spectrometric analysis of surface of the samples, exposed to long-term treatment with high current discharges in the fluid flow (water with admixtures of different composition). It has been found, that the elemental composition of the surface of the metal, in particular, oxygen-free copper, can vary considerably (up to 35 at.%) compared to the original composition (99.8 at.%) to a depth of up to 10 μm. Change of the isotopic composition (isotope concentration of 65 amu may amount to 38.1% while the normal rate is equal to 30.6%) has been indicated. Composition of water (distilled water, tap water, saline water) does not affect the results. The concentration of elements, such as Cl, may exceed the original concentration by 3,000 times. At a depth of 10 μm, the composition is similar to the original one (before the exposure).
On solutions of the Dirac equation in a strong disappearing at infinity electrostatic field
Authors: Krylov K S , Mur V D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
It is shown that the one-particle radial Dirac equation with a spherically symmetric narrow rectangular well remains valid also in the supercritical region. Positron resonances in scattering arising at low supercriticality are in no way related to the process of spontaneous production of electron-positron pairs from vacuum.
Formation of nanoscale structures in thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering of binary metal targets in Ar+O2+N2 gas mixture
Authors: Bernt D , Ponomarenko V , Leshchev S , Pisarev A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Bi-metal targets of ZnSn and SiAl were sputtered in A+O2+N2 gas mixtures at various N2/O2 ratios, and the deposited films were investigated by AFM and XPS. No nitrogen was detected in the films even at the highest nitrogen partial pressure in the gas, and the films were oxides. The concentration of the doping metal component in the deposited film increases with the increase of nitrogen partial pressure in the working gas. These experimental observations were supported by numerical calculations of the sputter-deposition process using a SRIM/SIMTRA+RSD software. It was shown that added nitrogen promotes sputtering of doping metal components of the targets, and the concentration of oxygen remains high enough to substitute the less active nitrogen in the growing film. The films consisted of nanograins with the average diameter, which decreased from 18 nm to 3 nm with increase of nitrogen content in the working gas. This effect was explained by the mechanism of abnormal grain growth: the film consisted of grains of oxides of two metals with different concentrations. The doping metal forms very fine nanograins of oxides, which suppress the growth of oxides of the main metal. With increase of nitrogen in the working gas mixture, the sputtering rate of doping metals from the cathodes and their respective concentration in the growing films increases, so the average diameter of oxide grains forming the coating decreases.
Hydrodynamic model of plasma evolution under heating by high-energy ion flux
Authors: Gus’kov S Yu , Korneev Ph A , Solyanikova M S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The analytical solution is found for thermodynamic state of plasma created when the half-space is heating by high-energy ion flow. The dependence of free path length of heating ions on plasma temperature is taken into account. Besides, an analysis of characteristic parameters of shock wave and efficiency of energy transfer to shock wave from heating ion flow is given.
Study of collective effects in the FCC-ee collider
Authors: Zobov M , Belli E , Castorina G , Migliorati M , Persichelli S , Rumolo G , Spataro B 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study aims at designing different options of a post- LHC collider. The high luminosity electron-positron collider FCC-ee based on the crab waist concept is considered as an intermediate step on the way towards FCC-hh, a 100 TeV hadron collider using the same tunnel of about 100 km. Due to a high intensity of circulating beams the impact of collective effects on FCC-ee performance has to be carefully analyzed. In this paper we evaluate beam coupling impedance of the FCC-ee vacuum chamber, estimate thresholds and rise times of eventual single- and multibunch beam instabilities and discuss possible measures to mitigate them.