bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of antiresorptive drugs on implant therapy: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stavropoulos Andreas , Bertl Kristina , Pietschmann Peter , Pandis Nikolaos , Schiødt Morten , Klinge Björn 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesA considerable portion of the adult population has received and/or is receiving treatment with antiresorptive drugs (ARDs). It is thus relevant to assess possible side effects of ARD intake in connection to various aspects of implant therapy. The aim of this study was to answer the focused question “In patients with systemic intake of ARDs, what is the outcome and complication rate of implant therapy including associated bone grafting procedures comparing to patients without systemic intake of ARDs?”Materials and MethodsOriginal studies fulfilled predefined inclusion criteria (e.g., case series, cohort studies, case–control studies, and controlled and/or randomized controlled clinical trials; retro‐ or prospective design; and ≥10 patients with systemic intake of ARDs). Various patient‐, medication‐, and intervention‐related parameters [i.e., implant loss, grafting procedure complication/failure, peri‐implant marginal bone levels/loss, medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ), and peri‐implantitis] were extracted, and meta‐analyses and quality assessment were performed.ResultsTwenty‐four studies with bisphosphonate (BP) intake (mainly low dose for osteoporosis treatment) and seven studies on hormone replacement therapy (HRT), including ≥10 patients, and controls not taking the medication were identified. Furthermore, seven studies on MRONJ associated with implants were included. Meta‐analyses based on four studies reporting on patient level and eight studies reporting on implant level showed no significant differences in terms of implant loss between patients on BPs (mainly low dose for osteoporosis treatment) and controls. Furthermore, low‐dose BP intake did not compromise peri‐implant marginal bone levels. Based on two studies, no negative effect of HRT was observed on the implant level, while HRT appeared to exert a marginally significant negative effect regarding implant survival on the patient level and regarding peri‐implant marginal bone levels. Based on six studies reporting single‐patient data, MRONJ in patients on BP for osteoporosis appeared in 70% of the cases >36 months after start of drug intake, while in patients with cancer, MRONJ appeared in 64% of the cases ≤36 months after first BP intake.ConclusionLow‐dose oral BP intake for osteoporosis treatment, in general, does not compromise implant therapy, that is, patients on ARDs do not lose more implants nor get more implant‐related complications/failures comparing to implant patients without BP intake. There is almost no information available on the possible effect on implant therapy of high‐dose BPs or other widely used ARDs (e.g., denosumab), or on the success or safety of bone grafting procedures. Patients with high‐dose ARD intake for management of malignancies, patients on oral BP over a longer period of time, and patients with comorbidities should be considered as high‐risk patients for MRONJ.
Implant‐supported cantilevered fixed dental rehabilitations in fully edentulous patients: Systematic review of the literature. Part II
Authors: Storelli Stefano , Del Fabbro Massimo , Scanferla Massimo , Palandrani Giulia , Romeo Eugenio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate fully edentulous patients rehabilitated with cantilever‐fixed implant‐supported restorations and to analyse which complications are reported for this type of treatment.Materials and MethodsTwo operators screened the literature (MEDLINE, EMBASE) and performed a hand search on the main journals dealing with implantology and prosthetics until 31 December 2017. Only articles that considered cantilever implant‐fixed restorations with at least 10 patients and with a mean follow‐up of at least 5 years were selected. The outcome variables were survival of implants and prosthesis, mechanical, technical and biological complications, marginal bone loss. The review was performed according to the PRISMA statements. The risk of bias was evaluated for each article. Failure and complication rates were analysed using random effect Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimate of 5‐ and 10‐year survival and complication rates.ResultsFourteen papers for fully edentulous patients were selected. The estimated 5 to 10 years survival rate was calculated to be 99.00% and 96.7% for the implants and the prosthesis, respectively. A total of 299 complications (technical and biological) were reported with a cumulative 5–10 years complication rate of 44.41% and 39.46% for the patients and for the prosthesis, respectively.ConclusionsThere is evidence that cantilever can be successful treatment in fully edentulous patients.
Implant supported cantilevered fixed dental rehabilitations in partially edentulous patients: Systematic review of the literature. Part I.
Authors: Storelli Stefano , Del Fabbro Massimo , Scanferla Massimo , Palandrani Giulia , Romeo Eugenio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate in which clinical situations a cantilever fixed implant supported restorations can be a treatment alternative and which complications are reported.Materials and MethodsTwo operators screened the literature (MEDLINE, EMBASE) and performed a hand search on the main journals dealing with implantology and prosthetics until 31 December 2017. Only articles that considered cantilever implant fixed restorations with at least 10 patients and with a mean follow‐up of at least 5 year were selected. The outcome variables were survival of implants and prosthesis, mechanical, technical and biological complications, marginal bone loss. The review was performed according to the PRISMA statements. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated. Failure and complication rates were analysed using random effect Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimate of 5‐ and 10‐year survival and complication rates.ResultsA total of nine papers were selected for partially edentulous patients and reported high survival rate of the prosthesis. The estimated survival rate for 5–10 years was calculated to be 98.4% for the implants and 99.2% for the rehabilitations. Mechanical, technical and biological complications were reported with a cumulative 5–10 years complication rate of 28.66% and 26.57% for the patients and for the prosthesis, respectively. Two papers for single implant supporting 2‐unit cantilever were not sufficient to draw conclusions.ConclusionsThere is evidence that cantilever can be successful treatment in partially edentulous patients. In two adjacent edentulous sites, data are not yet sufficient.
Amazonian deforestation and soil biodiversity
Authors: Franco André L.C. , Sobral Bruno W. , Silva Artur L.C. , Wall Diana H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractClearance and perturbation of Amazonian forests are one of the greatest threats to tropical biodiversity conservation of our times. A better understanding of how soil communities respond to Amazonian deforestation is crucially needed to inform policy interventions that effectively protect biodiversity and the essential ecosystem services it provides. We assessed the impact of deforestation and ecosystem conversion to arable land on Amazonian soil biodiversity through a meta‐analysis. We analyzed 274 pairwise comparisons of soil biodiversity in Amazonian primary forests and sites under different stages of deforestation and land‐use conversion: disturbed (wildfire and selective logging) and slash‐and‐burnt forests, pastures, and cropping systems. Overall, 60% and 51% of responses of soil macrofauna and microbial community attributes (i.e., abundance, biomass, richness, and diversity indexes) to deforestation were negative, respectively. We found few studies on mesofauna (e.g., microarthropods) and microfauna (e.g., protozoa and nematodes), so those groups could not be analyzed. Macrofauna abundance and biomass were more vulnerable to the displacement of forests by pastures than by agricultural fields, whereas microbes showed the opposite pattern. Effects of Amazonian deforestation on macrofauna were more detrimental at sites with mean annual precipitation >1900 mm, and higher losses of microbes occurred in highly acidic soils (pH < 4.5). Limited geographic coverage, omission of meso‐ and microfauna, and low taxonomic resolution were main factors impairing generalizations from the data set. Few studies assessed the impacts of within‐forest disturbance (wildfires and selective logging) on soil species in Amazonia, where logging operations rapidly expand across public lands and more frequent severe dry seasons are increasing the prevalence of wildfires.
Right heart failure as a risk factor for severe exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Orea‐Tejeda Arturo , Navarrete‐Peñaloza Ana Grecia , Verdeja‐Vendrell Leslie , Jiménez‐Cepeda Abril , González‐Islas Dulce Gabriela , Hernández‐Zenteno Rafael , Keirns‐Davis Candace , Sánchez‐Santillán Rocío , Velazquez‐Montero Alejandra , Puentes Rodríguez Gerardo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) depends, in large part, on the frequency of exacerbations. Cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF), are the risk factors for exacerbations. However, the importance of HF type over the exacerbations in COPD patients is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine whether right heart failure (RHF) is an independent risk factor for severe exacerbations in patients with COPD.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 133 patients diagnosed with COPD with a follow‐up period from 2010 to 2016. Patients with bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma, or pulmonary embolism were excluded.ResultsThe mean age was 74.7 ± 8.2 years and 43.6% were men, 69.9% had severe exacerbations during follow‐up. Subjects with RHF had lower FEV1 (50.2 ± 19.9 vs 57.4 ± 16.9, P = .006) and greater incidence of stroke (15.4% vs 1.8%, P = .009) compared to those without RHF. Subjects with RHF were at higher risk of severe exacerbations (HR, 2.46; CI 95%, 1.32‐4.58, P = .005) compared to those without RHF after adjusting for confounding variables.ConclusionIn patients with COPD, RHF is an independent risk factor for suffering severe exacerbations.
Molecular characteristics of carbapenem‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine in Hyogo, Japan
Authors: Osawa Kayo , Shigemura Katsumi , Kitagawa Koichi , Fukuda Teruo , Takasaka Ayaka , Wakabayashi Sakie , Sato Kanako , Yamamichi Fukashi , Shirakawa Toshiro , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the molecular characteristics and epidemiology of metallo‐β‐lactamase‐producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa from urine of urinary tract infection patients in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.MethodsCarbapenem‐resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from the urine of 21 urinary tract infection patients in three general hospitals in Hyogo Prefecture (Japan) were collected between 2007 and 2014. Their antibiotic susceptibilities, metallo‐β‐lactamase screening test, metallo‐β‐lactamase gene sequencing, multilocus sequence typing and repetitive‐sequence‐based polymerase chain reaction were determined for epidemiological analyses to investigate the genetic characteristics.ResultsOut of 21 isolates, 13 (61.9%) were positive for metallo‐β‐lactamase. There were 11 (52.4%) isolates with IMP‐1 in them, one (4.5%) isolate with IMP‐7 and one (4.5%) isolate with VIM‐1. Metallo‐β‐lactamase‐positive isolates were mainly identified as ST235, and metallo‐β‐lactamase‐negative isolates were STs 357, 277, 234, 439 and 639. Repetitive‐sequence‐based polymerase chain reaction showed metallo‐β‐lactamase‐positive isolates were grouped in eight clusters, and ST235 isolates with IMP‐1 from three hospitals belonging to the identical group I, the other ST235 isolates with IMP‐7 and VIM‐1 were from two hospitals belonging to group II.ConclusionsMetallo‐β‐lactamase‐positive P. aeruginosa of ST235 isolates with IPM‐1 were mainly identified from the urine of urinary tract infection patients in Hyogo, Japan. A ST235 isolate with VIM‐1 was found for the first time. Further investigation is necessary to follow the spread of metallo‐β‐lactamase‐positive isolates.
Costs of Not Getting to Know You: Lower Levels of Parental Reflective Functioning Confer Risk for Maternal Insensitivity and Insecure Infant Attachment
Authors: Ensink Karin , Borelli Jessica L. , Roy Julie , Normandin Lina , Slade Arietta , Fonagy Peter 
Published: October 2018

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is a robust predictor of parenting sensitivity and secure infant attachment, but its assessment requires extensive resources, limiting its integration into research and clinical practice. The Mini‐Parent Reflective Functioning Interview (Mini‐PRFI) assesses the parent's capacity to mentalize for his/her 6‐month‐old infant (rated using the PRF coding system; Slade et al., 2004, PRF coding system and Slade REF, Unpublished protocol, New York, NY: The City University of New York). In the current study, we examined whether Mini‐PRFI scores were associated with theoretically related constructs; to establish a point of comparison, we evaluated links between Mini‐PRFI scores alongside RF assessed from the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Mother–infant dyads (N = 88) completed the AAI before the birth of the infant, the Mini‐PRFI and an interaction task (rated for insensitive parental behavior) when infants were 6 months old, as well as the Strange Situation Procedure when infants were 16 months old. Mini‐PRFI scores were strongly positively associated with AAI RF and negatively associated with maternal insensitivity. Mini‐PRFI scores predicted infant attachment organization (secure/insecure, organized/disorganized) at 16 months, and this effect was mediated by parenting insensitivity. These findings suggest that the Mini‐PRFI predicts theoretically related attachment constructs, demonstrating the promise of the Mini‐PRFI to increase the accessibility of interview‐based PRF measurements to clinicians and researchers.
The effects of union mergers and internal restructuring: a bottom‐up perspective by Danish shop stewards
Authors: Navrbjerg Steen E. , Larsen Trine P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article explores how recent union mergers and restructuring affect union's service provision, interest representation and perceived union influence. We find that Danish shop stewards are just as satisfied with their union's service provision and interest representation but report of greater influence on federal and local branch union politics in 2010 compared to 1998.
Introduction: Quantifying and reporting social security obligations
Authors: Billig Assia , Brimblecombe Simon , Ménard Jean‐Claude 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn a context of increasing transparency of social security scheme design and financing, assessing the financial implications of the promises made to current and future retirees of a social security pension system has become a key issue. The central role played by actuaries in the financial evaluation of social security systems means that the debate regarding methods and assumptions to use in such an exercise is of interest to all actuaries, those who use their work and those whose decisions are based on their work. This, in theory, appears a rather technical debate. However, in reality, these deliberations have a much wider impact. The discussion around how to assess the implications of promises made by social security systems to current and future populations will affect the decisions taken regarding the key features of systems, in particular the social contract between generations. It also feeds into the debate regarding sustainability, inter‐ and intra‐generational equity, the adequacy of benefits and the robustness of systems; that is, how future changes to the economic and demographic environment will affect systems. This introductory article discusses the importance of this topic including the implications for actuaries, policy‐makers and other stakeholders and then summarizes the six substantive articles that comprise this special issue. These articles reflect different points of view, but also different experiences and environments – which adds to their value as contributions to this important debate. Finally, this introduction sets the context for the reader – to ensure that the technical aspects of the set of papers are considered within the wider framework of social security provision and financing.
Accounting for social benefits: The search for a past event
Authors: Mason Paul 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe article explains the role of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) in setting accounting standards for the public sector, and the due process that is followed in setting those standards. The article explains the scope of the IPSASB's current project on social benefits, and how this compares to the scope of social benefits in Government Finance Statistics (GFS)/System of National Accounts (SNA) as well as the IPSASB's previous social benefits projects. The scope is wider than pensions, and wider than social security as social assistance is also included. The accounting principles that underpin the IPSASB's current project are discussed and include the IPSASB's definition of a liability, and the key role that a “past event” plays in that definition. This is contrasted with some of the actuarial approaches. The article then describes the potential past events that the IPSASB has considered to date in the project, and what impact liabilities from these past events would have on the financial statements. This comparison makes reference to pensions, where the financial impact of different past events will be greatest. The article sets out the IPSASB's proposals in its recent Exposure Draft ED 63, Social Benefits, and also discusses alternative views on recognition and measurement. The article concludes by discussing the IPSASB's current guidance in RPG 1, Reporting on the Long‐Term Sustainability of an Entity's Finances, and notes that the IPSASB is seeking views on whether it should undertake further work in this area.
Phylogeography of the endangered saproxylic beetle Rosalia longicorn, Rosalia alpina (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), corresponds with its main host, the European beech (Fagus sylvatica, Fagaceae)
Authors: Drag Lukas , Hauck David , Rican Oldrich , Schmitt Thomas , Shovkoon Dmitri F. , Godunko Roman J. , Curletti Gianfranco , Cizek Lukas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimThe Rosalia longicorn (Rosalia alpina) is an internationally protected icon of biodiversity associated with old trees and dead wood. Although the beetle regularly exploits several marginal hosts, its preferred main host is European beech (Fagus sylvatica s.l.). Moreover, the geographical ranges of R. alpina and beech closely overlap. To assess whether their spatial association is mirrored in the genetic patterns of both species, we investigated the phylogeography of Rosalia alpina over its entire geographical range and compared it with the known genetic patterns of its hosts.LocationEurope and western Asia.MethodsUsing both mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (14 microsatellite loci) markers, we analysed 148 (444, respectively) individuals from 31 (30, respectively) sites. We constructed a Bayesian Inference tree and a haplotype network, calculated the spatial analysis of molecular variance and assessed the population structure of our dataset using two Bayesian clustering methods (STRUCTURE and BAPS).ResultsMitochondrial markers suggested existence of five clades in R. alpina populations. Two of them were endemic to the Italian mainland, one to Sicily, and another to southern Turkey. The remaining clade probably originated in the Balkans and colonized the rest of the species’ range. Nuclear markers supported this division. They also suggested two main recolonization routes from the Balkans; one heading north and then both west and east, the second expanding eastwards as far as the Caucasus. The observed genetic patterns were largely congruent with those of European beech.Main conclusionsThe results of both markers were mostly congruent, suggesting at least four potential refugia for R. alpina located in the southernmost parts of its geographical range. Its populations from a large part of Europe and western Asia, however, were genetically poor, dominated by a single haplotype. Phylogeographies of the beetle and its main host seem to be tightly matched, reflecting their common history.
Endocan expression in placenta of women with hypertension
Authors: Chew Bee S. , Ghazali Razmin , Othman Hanita , Ismail Nor A. M. , Othman Aimi S. , Laim Nur M. S. T. , Wong Yin P. , Tan Geok C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of our study was to determine the endocan‐1 expression in placenta of hypertensive women, and its association with maternal and fetal outcomes.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study consisted of 21 pregnant women with hypertension and 23 without hypertension. The gestational age ranged from 28 to 39 weeks (hypertensive) and 32 to 40 weeks (normotensive). The paraffin embedded formalin fixed placenta tissue blocks were retrieved from the pathology archives. Endocan immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue sections of full thickness and maternal surface of the placenta. The endocan expression was determined in fetal endothelial cells, maternal endothelial cells, cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and decidual cells. The differences in endocan expression in placenta between hypertensive and normotensive subjects were evaluated by Pearson chi‐square test and t‐test were used in the statistical analysis.ResultsThe endocan expression was significantly higher in fetal endothelial cells (P < 0.001), maternal endothelial cells (P = 0.003) and decidual cells (P < 0.001) in the placenta of women with hypertension. When comparing positive and negative endocan expression in maternal outcomes, endocan was associated with the development of pre‐eclampsia (P = 0.03). Also, a positive endocan expression was associated with low birthweight (P = 0.001) and prematurity (P = 0.005) in the fetal outcomes.ConclusionThis study showed endocan is highly expressed in fetal endothelial cells, maternal endothelial cells and decidual cells in placenta of hypertensive women. In addition, its expression was associated with poorer maternal and fetal outcomes. These findings suggest endocan may play an important role in the progression of hypertension in pregnancy.