bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domain-Specific Working Memory, But Not Dopamine-Related Genetic Variability, Shapes Reward-Based Motor Learning
Authors: Holland Peter , Codol Olivier , Oxley Elizabeth , Taylor Madison , Hamshere Elizabeth , Joseph Shadiq , Huffer Laura , Galea Joseph M. 
Published: October 2019

The addition of rewarding feedback to motor learning tasks has been shown to increase the retention of learning, spurring interest in its possible utility for rehabilitation. However, motor tasks using rewarding feedback have repeatedly been shown to lead to great interindividual variability in performance. Understanding the causes of such variability is vital for maximizing the potential benefits of reward-based motor learning. Thus, using a large human cohort of both sexes (n= 241), we examined whether spatial (SWM), verbal, and mental rotation (RWM) working memory capacity and dopamine-related genetic profiles were associated with performance in two reward-based motor tasks. The first task assessed the participant's ability to follow a slowly shifting reward region based on hit/miss (binary) feedback. The second task investigated the participant's capacity to preserve performance with binary feedback after adapting to the rotation with full visual feedback. Our results demonstrate that higher SWM is associated with greater success and an enhanced capacity to reproduce a successful motor action, measured as change in reach angle following reward. In contrast, higher RWM was predictive of an increased propensity to express an explicit strategy when required to make large reach angle adjustments. Therefore, SWM and RWM were reliable, but dissociable, predictors of success during reward-based motor learning. Change in reach direction following failure was also a strong predictor of success rate, although we observed no consistent relationship with working memory. Surprisingly, no dopamine-related genotypes predicted performance. Therefore, working memory capacity plays a pivotal role in determining individual ability in reward-based motor learning.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReward-based motor learning tasks have repeatedly been shown to lead to idiosyncratic behaviors that cause varying degrees of task success. Yet, the factors determining an individual's capacity to use reward-based feedback are unclear. Here, we assessed a wide range of possible candidate predictors, and demonstrate that domain-specific working memory plays an essential role in determining individual capacity to use reward-based feedback. Surprisingly, genetic variations in dopamine availability were not found to play a role. This is in stark contrast with seminal work in the reinforcement and decision-making literature, which show strong and replicated effects of the same dopaminergic genes in decision-making. Therefore, our results provide novel insights into reward-based motor learning, highlighting a key role for domain-specific working memory capacity.
Premature Termination of a Randomized Controlled Trial on Image-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression
Authors: Suppli Morten Hiul , Munck af Rosenschold Per , Dahl Benny , Berthelsen Anne Kiil , Engelholm Svend Aage , Pappot Helle 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLessons LearnedIt is possible to plan and treat some patients with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in a timely fashion in an acute setting. Advanced and, in some indications, already implemented technologies such as SBRT are difficult to test in a randomized trial.BackgroundStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) could be an alternative to decompressive surgery followed by fractionated radiotherapy.MethodsIn a randomized, single-institution, noninferiority trial, patients with MSCC were assigned to stereotactic body radiotherapy of 16 Gy in 1 fraction or decompression surgery followed by fractionated radiotherapy of 30 Gy in 10 fractions. Primary endpoint was ability to walk by EQ5D-5L questionnaire. Based on power calculations, 130 patients had to be included to be 89% sure that a 15% difference between the treatment arm and the experimental arm could be detected.ResultsTen patients were accrued in 23 months, with six patients allocated to surgery and four patients to stereotactic body radiotherapy. The trial was closed prematurely because of poor accrual. One patient undergoing surgery and one patient undergoing stereotactic body radiotherapy were unable to walk at 6 weeks. Two patients were not evaluable at 6 weeks.ConclusionA randomized, phase II, clinical trial comparing surgery followed by fractionated radiotherapy or image-guided SBRT of MSCC was initiated. SBRT was shown to be feasible, with three out of four patients retaining walking function. The trial was determined futile as a result of low accrual.
Y Kuşağı Bilgi Çalışanları: Duygusal Zeka ile Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi Üzerinde Öz-Yeterliliğin Rolü
Authors: Aydogmus Ceren 
Published: October 2019

Bu
araştırma, Y Kuşağı bilgi çalışanlarının duygusal zekâları ile örgütsel
bağlılıkları ilişkisi üzerinde öz-yeterlilik düzeylerinin etkisini inceleyen
bir model sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Ankara ilindeki üç
üniversitede yer alan tekno-parklarda bulunan 37 teknoloji şirketinde görev
yapan 591 Y Kuşağı bilgi çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri anket
tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma değişkenlerinin ölçülmesinde
Duygusal Zekâ, Öz-yeterlilik ve Örgütsel
Bağlılık ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçeklerin geçerlilikleri doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi ile test edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için
korelasyon analizi, aracılık rolünü tespit etmek için ise yapısal eşitlik
modellemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular Y Kuşağı bilgi
çalışanlarının duygusal zekâlarının öz-yeterlilik ve örgütsel bağlılıklarını
olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Y Kuşağı bilgi çalışanlarının
öz-yeterlilikleri ile örgütsel bağlılıkları arasında olumlu ve anlamlı bir
ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Y Kuşağı bilgi çalışanlarının duygusal
zekâlarının örgütsel bağlılıkları üzerindeki etkisinde öz-yeterlilik
düzeylerinin tam aracılık etkisine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Liderlikte Ortak Vizyon Oluşturma Davranışının İşletme Performansına Etkisinde Duygusal Zekanın Düzenleyici Rolü
Authors: Koca Ballı Ayşe İpek , Kılıç Kemal Can 
Published: October 2019

Çalışmanın
amacı; kadın girişimcilerin etkili liderlik davranışlarından biri olan ortak
vizyon oluşturma davranışının işletme performansına etkisinde duygusal zekanın
düzenleyici rolü olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Araştırma tanımlayıcı türde
tasarlanmış olup gerekli veriler, anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Adana,
Mersin, Osmaniye ve Hatay illerinde faaliyet gösteren kadın girişimciler
çalışmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında 535 kadın girişimciye
anket uygulanmış, anket sonuçları analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma
sonucunda, ortak vizyon oluşturma
davranışının işletme performansı üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu
görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte ortak vizyon oluşturma davranışı ile işletme
performansı ilişkisinde duygusal zekanın düzenleyici bir rolü olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Böylece ortak vizyon oluşturma davranışının varlığının duygusal
zekanın daha yüksek olduğu durumlarda işletme performansına daha fazla katkı
sağladığı ortaya konmuştur.
AXIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF STUDENT PROFESSIONAL TRAINING: MATCHING DEMAND AND OFFERS OF LABOR MARKET
Authors: N. Ganieva Yoldyz , V. Kiryakova Aida , Gladkikh G. , V. Lopanova Elena , N. Sazonova Anzhelika , V. Mitina Galina , B. Shirokikh Oksana 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the article: The Relevance of the study is determined by modern trends in the development of the labor market, based on demand and supply of goods - a graduate of the University. At the same time, student’s professional training in the educational process of the University is traditionally carried out based on the basic values of the specialist's individual, due to the need for them, and the demand and supply of the labor market are determined by the demand for a specialist as an intellectual resource of production.
Materials and methods: The methodology of this study is based on the innovative content of professional training of a University student, focused on the needs of a specialist in professional self-affirmation as a personal and social value corresponding to the demand and supply of the labor market, presented in the concept of cultural competency-based approach to training, in the theory of changes in the labor market, in projects of future changes in the labor market, where demand and supply for the training of a modern competent specialist are used as driving forces.
Results of the research: the algorithm of designing cognitive, motivational, behavioral, emotional components of the values of the student’s professional training is justified and their compliance with the demand and supply of the labor market is proved. Knowledge about the value aspects of a University student’s professional training, about the features of their compliance with the labor market’s demand and supply, will help to avoid, localize or eliminate problems in the real educational process.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of an axiological aspect of student professional training: matching demand and offers of labor market is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH PROBLEMS TO INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors: V. Rajskaya Marina , A. Sagdeeva Anzhella , A. Gusarova Irina , V. Panteleeva Yuliya , V. Malysheva Tatyana , G. Ershova Irina 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the article The purpose of the study is to determine the features of factors’ development and systematization affecting the degree of innovation activity and efficiency of projects in the Russian regions.
Materials and methods: The main research methods used in the article are the method of description, which allowed determining of the level and trends of Russian regions’ innovative development; the method of cluster analysis for regions’ classification by innovative activity’s parameters in order to identify the characteristics and determine the directions of the target differentiated approach to the development of innovation.
Results of the research: The article presents the analysis of innovative development dynamics of the Russian regions’ industrial sector; the tendencies of scientific and innovative activity’s financing in the Federal districts; the regions’ classification by the parameters of innovative activity in order to identify the characteristics of innovations’ development and commercialization.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of differentiated approach problems to innovative development management in Russian regions is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
THE EVALUATION OF TECHNICAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN LIMITED COMPANY OF BRANTAS ABIPRAYA JAKARTA
Authors: PERKASA DIDIN HIKMAH , WIDODO SUPARNO EKO 
Published: October 2019

The focus of this research is to ensure that the implementation of the Technical Career Development Program. This research was Review at limited company of Brantas Abipraya Jakarta who use Technical Training as the one of strategy in human capital career development. The research is used evaluation method with CIPP approach. Data were taken using interview guideline, questionnaire observation and document study and analyzed by descriptive method through discussion and triangulation. The component of evaluation aspect (CIPP): Context Evaluation (Context): vision of program mission and program objectives; Input Evaluation: strategy, design, plan and readiness of resources; Process Evaluation (Process): implementation of strategy, design, plan and readiness of resources; Evaluation of Results (Product): Results and Benefits of the program. The findings of the evaluation research, the program's mission, all the strategies, goals and objectives well implemented.
Keywords: Program, Evaluation, Technical Training, Career Development, and Implementation
Influencing of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style, and Work Stress to The Turnover Intention of Employees Stella Maris Education Foundation Jakarta
Authors: Augustine Priyowidodo  , Wibowo  , Hamidah  
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style and Job Stress on Turnover Intention. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey method and path analysis to analyze the effect of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style and Job Stress on Turnover Intention.
The sample for this reseach are 95 employees from 125 employees. The techniques analyzis data was descriptive statistics and inferential analysis that were tested using normality test error estimate a simple regression, linearity test and path analysis.
The result shows that organizational culture gives negative direct effect on Turnover Intention, Leadership Style gives negative direct effect on Turnover Intention, Job stress gives positive direct effect on turnover intention, organizational culture gives negative direct effect to job stress, leardership style gives negative direct effect to job strees and ledearship organization gives positive direct effect to leadership style.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style and Job Stress on Turnover Intention. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey method and path analysis to analyze the effect of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style and Job Stress on Turnover Intention.
The sample for this reseach are 95 employees from 125 employees. The techniques analyzis data was descriptive statistics and inferential analysis that were tested using normality test error estimate a simple regression, linearity test and path analysis.
The result shows that organizational culture gives negative direct effect on Turnover Intention, Leadership Style gives negative direct effect on Turnover Intention, Job stress gives positive direct effect on turnover intention, organizational culture gives negative direct effect to job stress, leardership style gives negative direct effect to job strees and ledearship organization gives positive direct effect to leadership style.
Transcriptome sequencing of a keystone aquatic herbivore yields insights on the temperature-dependent metabolism of essential lipids
Authors: Windisch Heidrun Sigrid , Fink Patrick 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background:
Nutritional quality of Phytoplankton is the major determinant of the trophic transfer efficiency at the plant-herbivore interface in freshwater food webs. In particular, the phytoplankton’s content of the essential polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been repeatedly shown to limit secondary production in the major zooplankton herbivore genus Daphnia . Despite extensive research efforts on the biological model organism Daphni a, and the availability of several Daphnia genomes, little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the limitations in Daphnia relating to dietary EPA availability.
Results:
We used RNA-seq to analyse the transcriptomic response of Daphnia magna which were fed with two different diets — each with or without supplementation of EPA — at two different temperature levels (15 and 20°C). The transcripts were mapped to the D. magna genome assembly version 2.4, containing 26,646 translations. From the D. magna fed on green alga, changing the temperature provoked a differential expression of 2,001 transcripts, and in cyanobacteria-fed daphnia, 3,385 transcripts were affected. The supplementation of EPA affected 1,635 (green algal diet), or 175 transcripts (cyanobacterial diet) respectively. Combined effects were also observed (669 for green alga and 128 transcripts for cyanobacterial diet). Searching for orthologous genes (COG-analysis) yielded a functional overview of the altered transcriptomes. Cross matched transcript sets from both feed-types were compiled to illuminate core responses to the factors of temperature and EPA-supplementation.
Conclusions:
Our highly controlled eco-physiological experiments revealed an orchestrated response of genes involved in the transformation and signalling of essential fatty acids, including eicosanoid-signalling pathways with potential immune functions. We provide an overview of downstream-regulated genes, which contribute to enhance growth and reproductive output. We also identified numerous EPA-responsive candidate genes of yet unknown function, which constitute new targets for future studies on the molecular basis of EPA-dependent effects at the freshwater plant-herbivore interface.
Environmental factors affecting childhood diarrheal disease among under-five children in Jamma District, South Wello zone, northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Workie Getachew Yismaw , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie , Baraki Adhanom Gebreegziabher 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Globally, diarrhea is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among less than five years old children and it contributes to the deaths of approximately one million children every year. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is the second cause of under-five mortality and morbidity. However, in the study area, studies were limited. Therefore, this study has assessed the prevalence of diarrhea and associated factors among < 5 years of age in Jamma district, Northeast Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 15 to September 15, 2017, in Jamma district, South Wello zone, northeast Ethiopia. A Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 614 households and a pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with diarrheal disease. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for variables with P-value < 0.05 was used to show statistically significant association.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children was 23.1% (95% CI: (19.4, 26.5). Child’s age 6 to 23 months [AOR: 2.46, 95% CI: (1.49, 4.05)], Living in rural area [AOR: 2.75, 95% CI: (1.33,5.66)], absence of latrine [AOR: 4.80, 95% CI: (2.39,9.60)], absence of handwashing facility [AOR: 2.45, 95% CI: (1.53,3.93], unprotected drinking water source [AOR:2.68, 95% CI: (1.54,4.68)], and Improper waste disposal practices [AOR:3.86, 95% CI: (2.38,6.26)] were associated with diarrhea disease.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of diarrheal disease among children in the study area. Child age, rural residence, availability of latrine and handwashing facility, source of drinking water, and improper waste disposal were notably associated with childhood diarrheal disease. Therefore, improving handwashing practices and pure water supply, proper waste disposal including the availability of latrines would minimize the burden of diarrheal disease.
Keywords: Childhood, diarrhea, Jamma district
Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions
Authors: Shi Xiaobin , Preisser Evan L. , Liu Baiming , Pan Huipeng , Xiang Min , Xie Wen , Wang Shaoli , Wu Qingjun , Li Chuanyou , Liu Yong , Zhou Xuguo , Zhang Youjun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

While virus-vector-host interactions have been a major focus of both basic and applied ecological research, little is known about how different levels of plant defense interact with prior herbivory to affect these relationships. We used genetically-modified strains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varying in the jasmonic acid (JA) plant defense pathways to explore how plant defense and prior herbivory affects a plant virus (tomato yellow leaf curl virus, 'TYLCV'), its vector (the whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED), and the host.Results

Virus-free MED preferred low-JA over high-JA plants and had lower fitness on high-JA plants. Viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plants but their survival was unaffected by JA levels. While virus-free MED did not lower plant JA levels, viruliferous MED decreased both JA levels and the expression of JA-related genes. Infestation by viruliferous MED reduced plant JA levels, and TYLCV loads were consistently higher in plants fed upon by viruliferous MED than in plants fed on by virus-free MED. In preference tests, neither virus-free nor viruliferous MED discriminated among JA-varying plants previously exposed to virus-free MED. However, both virus-free and viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plant genotypes when choosing between plants that had both been previously exposed to viruliferous MED. The enhanced preference for low-JA genotypes appears linked to the volatile compound neophytadiene, which was found only in whitefly-infested plants and at concentrations inversely related to plant JA levels.Conclusions

Our findings illustrate how plant defense can interact with prior herbivory to affect both a plant virus and its whitefly vector, and confirm the induction of neophytadiene by MED. The apparent attraction of MED to neophytadiene may prove useful in pest detection and management.
Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Li Weiwei , Wang Zhiqun , Qu Jinghao , Zhang Yang , Sun Xuguang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. Moreover, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene.

Results: There were 64 eyes included in the study. A total of 32.8% of the patients wore soft contact lenses, and 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20 eyes) in the early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results according to Giemsa-stained smears, and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts revealed trophozoites in 7 eyes (35%). Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy combined with clinical signs. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) rinsed their lenses and/or cases with tap water; 55% of soft-lens wearers wore their lenses while showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, and all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology group, the number of patients who required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 (chi-square test, χ 2 = 4.209, P = 0.04).

Conclusions: More than two-thirds of the cases were associated with orthokeratology. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for patients who are highly suspected of having early-stage AK to help with early diagnosis. In the orthokeratology group, the rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005.