bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a high‐efficiency synthetic system for l‐asparaginase production in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Li Xu , Xu Shuqin , Zhang Xian , Xu Meijuan , Yang Taowei , Wang Li , Zhang Huiling , Fang Haitian , Osire Tolbert , Yang Shangtian , Rao Zhiming 
Published: January 2019

Abstractl‐asparaginase has high application value in medicine and food industry, but the low yield limits its application. In this study, we designed a synthetic system in Bacillus subtilis to produce l‐asparaginase by improving gene expression and optimizing the fermentation agitation speed. Gene expression was improved by respectively increasing transcription levels and translation speeds through screening promoters and RBS sequences. With the optimal promoter, P43, and the synthetic RBS sequence, the yield obtained in a shake flask was 371.87 U/mL, which was 2.09 times that with the original strain. To further enhance production in a 5‐L fermenter, a multistage agitation speed control strategy was adopted, involving agitation at 600 rpm for the first 12 h, followed by a gradual increase in speed to 900 rpm, which resulted in the highest yield of l‐asparaginase, 5321 U/mL, after 42 h of fermentation.
Microbial quality of reduced‐sodium napa cabbage kimchi and its processing
Authors: Song Won‐Jae , Chung Ha‐Yull , Kang Dong‐Hyun , Ha Jae‐Won 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the microbial safety of reduced‐sodium napa cabbage kimchi products by comparing with conventional kimchi samples. Five commercial kimchi samples were collected from different manufacturers in Korea. Total aerobic plate counts and coliforms counts between regular and reduced‐sodium kimchi were not significantly (p > 0.05) different and major foodborne pathogens, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected in any sample. Bacillus cereus contamination among all kimchi samples was less than the regulation level (3.0 log CFU/g). However, high levels of coliforms were observed in both types of samples. To investigate microbial hazards of kimchi processing, we analyzed specific kimchi production processes and found five control points which can reduce coliform levels in kimchi samples. The results of this study could be helpful for the kimchi industry to produce safe reduced‐sodium kimchi products.
Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene on the quality attributes of harvested Chinese mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) fruiting bodies
Authors: Chen Bingzhi , Wu Guohong , Li Ling , Wei Qi , Zhong Qiangui , Chen Xiaoning , Xiao Kaiqian , Xie Baogui , Jiang Yuji 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe effects of paper containing different concentrations of 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) on the quality of Chinese mushrooms were investigated. Mushrooms were first stored with paper containing 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, or 1.25 μl L−1 1‐MCP at 15 ± 1°C for 12 hr and then continued for up to 8 days. 1‐MCP reduced the respiratory peak, weight loss, degree of cap browning, relative leakage rate, and soluble solid content, and delayed the change in the surface hue angle. Mushrooms exposed to paper containing 1‐MCP maintained firmness and sensory attributes. The storage time of Chinese mushrooms treated with 1‐MCP at the best concentration (0.75 μl L−1) was 8 days, which was 4 days longer than that of the control. Browning in mushrooms was related to the vitamin C content, total phenol content, and polyphenol oxidase activity. The results would be very useful to the mushroom industry and provide a theoretical basis for the potential researches of the mechanisms maturation and senescence in Chinese mushrooms.
A large‐scale exome array analysis of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Lindström Sara , Brody Jennifer A. , Turman Constance , Germain Marine , Bartz Traci M. , Smith Erin N. , Chen Ming‐Huei , Puurunen Marja , Chasman Daniel , Hassler Jeffrey , Pankratz Nathan , Basu Saonli , Guan Weihua , Gyorgy Beata , Ibrahim Manal , Empana Jean‐Philippe , Olaso Robert , Jackson Rebecca , Brækkan Sigrid K. , McKnight Barbara , Deleuze Jean‐Francois , O’Donnell Cristopher J. , Jouven Xavier , Frazer Kelly A. , Psaty Bruce M. , Wiggins Kerri L. , Taylor Kent , Reiner Alexander P. , Heckbert Susan R. , Kooperberg Charles , Ridker Paul , Hansen John‐Bjarne , Tang Weihong , Johnson Andrew D. , Morange Pierre‐Emmanuel , Trégouët David A. , Kraft Peter , Smith Nicholas L. , Kabrhel Christopher ,   on behalf of the INVENT Consortium
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough recent Genome‐Wide Association Studies have identified novel associations for common variants, there has been no comprehensive exome‐wide search for low‐frequency variants that affect the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We conducted a meta‐analysis of 11 studies comprising 8,332 cases and 16,087 controls of European ancestry and 382 cases and 1,476 controls of African American ancestry genotyped with the Illumina HumanExome BeadChip. We used the seqMeta package in R to conduct single variant and gene‐based rare variant tests. In the single variant analysis, we limited our analysis to the 64,794 variants with at least 40 minor alleles across studies (minor allele frequency [MAF] ~0.08%). We confirmed associations with previously identified VTE loci, including ABO,
F5,
F11, and
FGA. After adjusting for multiple testing, we observed no novel significant findings in single variant or gene‐based analysis. Given our sample size, we had greater than 80% power to detect minimum odds ratios greater than 1.5 and 1.8 for a single variant with MAF of 0.01 and 0.005, respectively. Larger studies and sequence data may be needed to identify novel low‐frequency and rare variants associated with VTE risk.
Ethnic differences in cognition and age in people diagnosed with dementia: A study of electronic health records in two large mental healthcare providers
Authors: Mukadam Naaheed , Lewis Gemma , Mueller Christoph , Werbeloff Nomi , Stewart Robert , Livingston Gill 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesQualitative studies suggest that people from UK minority ethnic groups with dementia access health services later in the illness than white UK‐born elders, but there are no large quantitative studies investigating this. We aimed to investigate interethnic differences in cognitive scores and age at dementia diagnosis.MethodsWe used the Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) applied to the electronic health records of two London mental health trusts to identify patients diagnosed with dementia between 2008 and 2016. We meta‐analysed mean Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and mean age at the time of diagnosis across trusts for the most common ethnic groups, and used linear regression models to test these associations before and after adjustment for age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, and marital status. We also compared percentage of referrals for each ethnic group with catchment census distributions.ResultsCompared with white patients (N = 9380), unadjusted mean MMSE scores were lower in Asian (−1.25; 95% CI −1.79, −0.71; N = 642) and black patients (−1.82, 95% CI −2.13, −1.52; N = 2008) as was mean age at diagnosis (Asian patients: −4.27 (−4.92, −3.61); black patients −3.70 (−4.13, −3.27) years). These differences persisted after adjustment. In general, ethnic group distributions in referrals did not differ substantially from those expected in the catchments.ConclusionsPeople from black and Asian groups were younger at dementia diagnosis and had lower MMSE scores than white referrals.
The impact of apathy on cognitive performance in the elderly
Authors: Montoya‐Murillo Genoveva , Ibarretxe‐Bilbao Naroa , Peña Javier , Ojeda Natalia 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo examine the impact of apathy on cognitive performance in the elderly following the conceptual principles proposed by Marin1 and Stuss et al2 and to determine the role of the symptoms of apathy in different cognitive domains.MethodsCross‐sectional study with a cohort of healthy elderly subjects over 55 years old (n = 140). One hundred forty healthy‐elderly subjects (aged 79.24 ± 8.6 years old) were recruited from 12 day centers in Northern Spain. Participants underwent a neuropsychological battery, which evaluated Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), attention, processing speed, verbal fluency, visual and verbal memory, working memory, and executive functioning. Apathy was assessed by the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS), which is composed of four factors: intellectual curiosity, emotion, action initiation, and self‐awareness. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed.ResultsIn the correlational analysis, the LARS total score correlated negatively with global cognition, verbal fluency, and visual and verbal memory. The intellectual curiosity factor correlated negatively with all cognitive domains except attention. The emotion factor correlated negatively with visual memory. No correlation was found between the action initiation and self‐awareness factors or any of the cognitive variables. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that symptoms of apathy explained cognitive performance in attention, processing speed, verbal fluency, visual and verbal memory, working memory, executive functioning, and MMSE.ConclusionsApathy was significantly associated with cognitive performance, especially with the intellectual curiosity factor. Our results suggest that specific symptoms of apathy contribute differently to individual cognitive domains.
An average sliding window correlation method for dynamic functional connectivity
Authors: Vergara Victor M. , Abrol Anees , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSliding window correlation (SWC) is utilized in many studies to analyze the temporal characteristics of brain connectivity. However, spurious artifacts have been reported in simulated data using this technique. Several suggestions have been made through the development of the SWC technique. Recently, it has been proposed to utilize a SWC window length of 100 s given that the lowest nominal fMRI frequency is 0.01 Hz. The main pitfall is the loss of temporal resolution due to a large window length. In this work, we propose an average sliding window correlation (ASWC) approach that presents several advantages over the SWC. One advantage is the requirement for a smaller window length. This is important because shorter lengths allow for a more accurate estimation of transient dynamicity of functional connectivity. Another advantage is the behavior of ASWC as a tunable high pass filter. We demonstrate the advantages of ASWC over SWC using simulated signals with configurable functional connectivity dynamics. We present analytical models explaining the behavior of ASWC and SWC for several dynamic connectivity cases. We also include a real data example to demonstrate the application of the new method. In summary, ASWC shows lower artifacts and resolves faster transient connectivity fluctuations, resulting in a lower mean square error than in SWC.
Impact of tumor‐associated macrophages and BRAFV600E mutation on clinical outcomes in patients with various thyroid cancers
Authors: Cho Jae Won , Kim Won Woong , Lee Yu‐mi , Jeon Min Ji , Kim Won Gu , Song Dong Eun , Park Yangsoon , Chung Ki‐Wook , Hong Suck Joon , Sung Tae‐Yon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play a role in thyroid cancer tumor progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the association of TAM density and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) expression with thyroid tumors as a prognostic marker and the relationship of these factors with BRAFV600E mutations.MethodsThis study included 275 thyroid specimen tissues, including benign and malignant lesions. We compared the clinicopathological features according to thyroid tumor types and evaluated the presence of CD68 expression and BRAFV600E mutations.ResultsCD68 positive expression increased with aggressiveness of thyroid tumor histologic grades (P < 0.001). In patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), CD68 positivity was associated with aggressive adverse clinical outcomes such as extrathyroidal extension, cervical lymph node metastases, and distant metastases (P < 0.05).ConclusionsCD68 positivity was more frequent in advanced and aggressive thyroid cancer types such as PDTC/ATC.
A critical analysis of the prognostic performance of the 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer staging for metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Sood Ashish , Wykes James , Roshan David , Wang Laura Y. , McGuinness John , Fowler Allan , Ebrahimi Ardalan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe 8th edition AJCC staging of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCHN) incorporated extranodal extension (ENE) for the first time. This study compared the prognostic performance of the 7th and 8th edition staging for cSCCHN with nodal metastases.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 96 patients with metastatic cSCCHN, comparing the ability of staging systems to predict disease‐specific and overall survival (OS) using the proportion of variation explained and Harrell's C‐index.ResultsIn AJCC8, the N classification was upstaged in 77% of patients due to the presence of ENE and 88% of patients were classified as TNM stage IV. AJCC8 was inferior to AJCC7 in predicting disease‐specific survival for both N and TNM stages, and OS by TNM stage.ConclusionsThe majority of patients with metastatic cSCCHN have ENE and are classified as TNM stage IV based on the 8th edition staging, resulting in poor prognostic performance.
Bilateral vs ipsilateral adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with cancer of unknown primary of the head and neck: An analysis of the clinical outcome and radiation‐induced side effects
Authors: Le Nguyen‐Son , Janik Stefan , Simmel Helmut , Erovic Boban M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze and compare ipsilateral and bilateral adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) of the head and neck.MethodsOverall survival, recurrence‐free survival, and radiation‐induced side effects were assessed in 76 patients with CUP who underwent ipsilateral (n = 29) or bilateral (n = 47) radiotherapy.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 41 months, the 5‐year overall survival and recurrence‐free rate were 67.9% and 71.5%, respectively. No statistically significant difference between ipsilateral and bilateral radiotherapy could be found regarding 5‐year overall survival, recurrence‐free survival, occurrence of a primary tumor, and distant metastasis. The analysis of radiation‐induced acute side effects showed a significant benefit of ipsilateral radiotherapy.ConclusionAs the main parameters of the study regarding the outcome and radiation‐induced side effects showed no advantages of bilateral radiotherapy, the strategy of ipsilateral radiotherapy can be recommended for the adjuvant treatment of CUP patients.
Circular RNA circ‐PRKCI functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate AKT3 expression by sponging miR‐3680‐3p in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shi Naiming , Shan Ben , Gu Biao , Song Yaqi , Chu Hongjun , Qian Long 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA) is a new noncoding RNAs and plays an important role in many pathological processes. Recently, studies have shown that circular RNA_PRKCI (circ‐PRKCI) regulates cell proliferation and cell migration of tumor cells. Esophageal carcinoma is a highly malignant digestive tract tumor, which is divided into esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we studied whether circ‐PRKCI might influence cell proliferation and cell migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed to detect the relative expression of circ‐PRKCI in five cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and five cases of paired adjacent normal tissues. RNA immunoprecipitation assay and Luciferase assay confirm the direct interaction between miR‐3680‐3p and AKT3 or circ‐PRKCI. Ethynyldeoxyuridine assays and cell counting Kit‐8 were performed to evaluate the effect of miR‐3680‐3p or circ‐PRKCI on cell proliferation, transwell assays were also performed to detect migration in vitro. We found circ‐PRKCI is obviously upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and upregulation of circ‐PRKCI stimulated cell migration and proliferation of ESCC cells. In the mechanism, we confirm that circ‐PRKCI, as a molecular sponge of miR‐3680‐3p, upregulates the expression of AKT. In conclusion, our current studies have been revealing that circ‐PRKCI/miR‐3680‐3p/AKT3 regulatory network plays an important role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and that provide new insights into the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Progesterone ameliorates the endometrial polyp by modulating the signaling pathway of Wnt and β‐catenin via regulating the expression of H19 and miR‐152
Authors: Feng Meining , Zhang Tongmei , Ma Huiping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs are believed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of the involvement of H19 and miR‐152 in an endometrial polyp.MethodsLuciferase assay was conducted to determine the effect of progesterone. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot were performed to detect the influence of progesterone on miR‐152 and Wnt1. MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM) were utilized to detect the effect of progesterone on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In silicon analysis, luciferase assay, real‐time PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to explore the regulatory relationship between H19 and miR‐152 or miR‐152 and Wnt1.ResultsProgesterone dose‐dependently increased the H19 expression level through driving the promoter efficiency of H19. Then, progesterone upregulated Wnt1 level and downregulated miR‐152 in a dose‐dependent manner in ECC1 and HEC1A cells. Administration of progesterone inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis. H19 negatively regulated miR‐152 expression by binding to miR‐152. Furthermore, Wnt1 was identified as a virtual target gene of miR‐152 and was inhibited by miR‐152. Progesterone receptors mRNA and miR‐152 were lowly expressed in participants with an endometrial polyp, while the levels of H19 and Wnt1 were much higher in the endometrial polyp group compared with normal controls. H19 negatively regulated miR‐152 and miR‐152 negatively regulated Wnt1, with the negative correlation coefficients being −0.500 and −0.500, respectively. Using IHC, it was found that Wnt1 and Bcl‐2 protein were highly expressed in the endometrial polyp group compared with normal controls.ConclusionThe results suggested that H19 was associated with endometrial polyp via mediating cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Long noncoding antisense RNA FAM83A‐AS1 promotes lung cancer cell progression by increasing FAM83A
Authors: Shi Rongxing , Jiao Zichen , Yu Ao , Wang Tao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is closely associated with human cancers. As one special group of lncRNAs, natural antisense transcripts (NATs) can be transcribed from both DNA strands at the same locus but in the opposite direction from the gene transcript. Their expression levels are altered in many cancers, but their roles are poorly understood. We strove to find NATs involved in human non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to reveal their mechanism of action in cancer. We analysed the NATs in NSCLC from the TCGA database by circlncRNAnet. One NAT, family with sequence similarity 83 member A antisense RNA 1 (FAM83A‐AS1), was found to be markedly upregulated and positively correlated with its cognate sense counterpart, FAM83A, in NSCLC. Moreover, overexpression of FAM83A‐AS1 increased FAM38A protein levels and induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation downstream of FAM83A in cells. Finally, overexpression of FAM83A‐AS1 promoted LUAD cell proliferation and invasion. In summary, lncRNA FAM83A‐AS1 promotes LUAD by increasing FAM83A expression.
Epigenetics in osteoarthritis: Novel spotlight
Authors: Fathollahi Anwar , Aslani Saeed , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Mahmoudi Mahdi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and no longer is considered as an absolute consequence of joint mechanical use (wear and tear); rather recent data demonstrate the pivotal role of inflammatory mediators in the development and progression of this disease. This multifactorial disease results from several environmental and inherited factors. Genetic cannot solely explain all the contribution share of inheritance and, this way, it is speculated that epigenetics can play a role, too. Moreover, environmental factors can induce local epigenetic changes. The epigenetic contribution to OA pathogenesis occurs at all of its levels, DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA. In fact, during early phases of OA pathogenesis, environmental factors employ epigenetic mechanisms to provide a positive feedback for the OA‐related pathogenic mechanisms and pathways with an ultimate outcome of a well‐established clinical OA. These epigenetic changes stay during clinical disease and prevent the body natural healing and regenerative processes to work properly, resulting in an incurable disease condition. In this review article, we aimed to have an overview on the studies performed with regard to understanding the role of epigenetics in the etiopathogenesis of OA and highlighted the importance of such kind of regulatory mechanisms within this context.
MT1‐MMP downregulation via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is required for the mechanical stretching‐inhibited invasion of bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Fu Xiaorong , Halim Alexander , Tian Boren , Luo Qing , Song Guanbin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMobilization from the bone marrow and the migration of bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) through the peripheral circulation to injured tissue sites are regulated by multiple mechanical and chemical factors. We previously demonstrated that mechanical stretching promotes the migration but inhibits the invasion of BMSCs. However, the involved mechanisms, especially the mechanism of stretching‐inhibited BMSC invasion, have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, we found that mechanical stretching with a 10% amplitude at a 1‐Hz frequency for 8 hr significantly reduces BMSC invasion and downregulates the expression of membrane type‐1 matrix metalloproteinases (MT1‐MMP) at both the messenger RNA and protein levels. The overexpression of MT1‐MMP restores mechanical stretching‐reduced BMSC invasion. Moreover, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐dependent Akt phosphorylation in BMSCs was found to be inactivated by mechanical stretching. Pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K/Akt signaling (LY294002 or A443654) reduced the expression of MT1‐MMP and impaired BMSC invasion. In addition, the upregulation of Akt phosphorylation by a pharmacological activator (SC79) increased MT1‐MMP expression and suppressed mechanical stretching‐reduced BMSC invasion. Taken together, our results suggest that mechanical stretching inhibits BMSC invasion by downregulating MT1‐MMP expression by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.