bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring morphological variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): A combined study of disease resistance, genetic divergence and association of characters
Authors: Kouam Eric Bertrand , Dongmo Joseph Roger , Djeugap Joseph Fovo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Genetic variation of quantitative traits is a prevalent characteristic among cultivated tomato varieties. Twenty tomato genotypes comprising indigenous varieties and commercial cultivars, cultured in the Western Region of Cameroon were evaluated using fourteen quantitative traits for disease resistance, phenotypic divergence and heritability estimates. The experiment was carried out using a randomized completed blocks design with three replications. Data collections were disease characteristics, plant development features and yield attributes. The analysis of variance revealed significant variation among genotypes for all the experimental quantitative traits. Hybrid varieties had significantly more fruit yield (1066.00 g/plant), single fruit weight (57.28 g), fruit diameter (4.47 cm) and pericarp thickness (0.54 cm) compared to standard and indigenous varieties. These indigenous varieties were significantly more resistant to late blight, alternaria leaf spot and viral diseases. They also had significantly higher collar diameter (16.30 mm), number of primary branches per plant (8.45), number of fruit per plant (31.58) and plant height (88.33 cm) compared to standard and hybrid plants. The genotype local 2 was the third most productive (1576.39 g / plant) after Rio Semagri (1984.80 g/plant) and Sakato F1 (1691.69 g/plant). Heritability and genetic advance estimates were high for twelve of the fourteen studied quantitative traits. Fruit yield showed significant positive correlations with single fruit weight and number of fruit per plant. However, significant negative correlation was found between fruit yield and time to 50 % flowering, 50 % fruiting, 50 % maturity and viral disease. The first three and the first four components in the principal component analysis explained, respectively, 77.85 % and 88.38 % of the total variation observed among genotypes. The first component determined 41.42 % of the total variation, dominated by the collar diameter, the number of primary branches per plant and plant height. This study clearly indicated that indigenous varieties are the most disease resistant genotypes and are having substantial fruit yield (945.30 g/plant) similar to standard varieties and at a touching distance to hybrid cultivars.
Determinants of forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria
Authors: Adetoye Ayoade Matthew , Adewuyi Samuel Ayodele , Akerele Dare 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The study examined factors determining forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria. Primary data on socio-economic and community characteristics as well as land use systems were obtained from 300 farm households using a structured questionnaire through a multistage sampling technique. The study revealed that marital status (P < 0.01), gender (P < 0.01), land tenure security (P < 0.01), dominant crop type (P < 0.05), and preference for tree on farm land (P < 0.01) are factors influencing forest land use decision in either agroforestry, pure cultivation or in both practices. Land use choice proportion estimation shows that 63 % are still willing to retain their existing land use practice (pure cultivation). A total of 32 % are willing to shift completely from their existing land use practice while 4 % of the respondents are willing to practice both “agroforestry and pure cultivation” simultaneously. The study therefore suggests the need for a change in forest land use policy, particularly, with a view influence the pattern of use, limitation on type of crop that can be grown, and compliance to sustainable land use practice. This would go a long way in driving forest land use towards agroforestry – a practice identified as a means of ensuring food security while ensuring safe environment.
Transformative Interventions Fostering Mainstreaming of Black South African Women into Managerial Positions in the Private Sector
Authors: Matotoka Dennis , Odeku Kola O. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In South Africa, progressive laws, policies and institutions established since 1996 seek to proliferate the representation of black African women in the private sector. However, the sector remains stagnant in giving opportunities to black African women to attain and occupy managerial and leadership positions. Black African women are not yet accepted as an integral of part of decision-making in the private sector contrary to the public sector that has somewhat progressed to place black African women in key decision-making positions in government. Consequently, black African women in the private sector predominately dominate the unskilled labour positions. The underrepresentation of black African women essentially denies them of economic participation and equality in the workplace. It is against the backdrop of this underrepresentation that this article analyses salient transformative legislative interventions that have been put in place to foster ample representation of black African women into managerial positions in the private sector. However, the concern is that the current legislative framework in South Africa does not explicitly make it mandatory for the private sector to achieve a specific target of black African women representation at the top management positions. The article showcases that the glass ceiling in the private sector is real and is nurtured by the organizational culture, policies and strategies which promote exclusion. Therefore, effective implementation and enforcement of laws and policies fostering mainstreaming of black African women into top managerial positions will help in breaking down the glass-ceiling. This will become realizable with the cooperation of all stake holders and role players where there is deliberate effort to empower and enhance the skill and capacity of women through quality training and education that will drive and deliver robust career development.
Explicit phonetic instruction vs. implicit attention to native exposure: phonological awareness of English schwa in CLIL
Authors: Lacabex Esther Gomez , Gallardo-del-Puerto Francisco 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present study aims at determining whether instruction in the form of explicit phonetic training and of implicit exposure to native input impacted Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) students’ phonological awareness of the occurrence of Englishschwain unstressed syllables of content words (bacon). Four intact CLIL groups were administered a perception task immediately before and after an intervention period of one month in which two groups underwent explicit instruction on the incidence of reduced vowels versus full vowels in English disyllabic words while another group was exposed to native input in their CLIL sessions. A fourth CLIL group with neither explicit intervention nor native teacher input served as control group. All four groups tended to judge bothschwasand full vowels as correct in the pre-test, indicating that they were not knowledgeable of the general pattern of vowel reduction occurrence in unstressed syllables in English prior to intervention. In the post-test, the three experimental groups significantly improved their ability to identify full vowels as incorrect, the groups receiving explicit instruction exhibiting higher gains than the group which was implicitly exposed to native input.
Cyclic behavior of GFRP strengthened infilled RC frames with low and normal strength concrete
Authors: Arslan Mehmet Emin , Durmuş Ahmet , Hüsem Metin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the experimental behavior of plane, non-strengthened and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) strengthened infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames with low strength concrete (LSC) and normal strength concrete (NSC) under lateral reversed cyclic loading. For this purpose, eight full-scale, one-bay, one-storey plane and infilled (brick and aerated concrete blocks which are commonly used in RC construction) RC frames with LSC and NSC were produced and in-plane lateral loading tests were carried out. Test results indicate that infill walls considerably change the behavior of frames by increasing rigidity and load carrying capacity. By contrast, GFRP fabric used for strengthening of infilled RC frames improves ductility, load carrying and energy dissipation capacity of infilled frames with LSC and NSC as well. After all the test results were evaluated together, a GFRP strengthened brick infilled frame demonstrated the best performance under cyclic lateral loading.
Behavioral Health and Adult Milestones in Young Adults With Perinatal HIV Infection or Exposure
Authors: Abrams Elaine J. , Mellins Claude A. , Bucek Amelia , Dolezal Curtis , Raymond Jeannette , Wiznia Andrew , Jurgrau Andrea , Bamji Mahrukh , Leu Cheng-Shiun , Ng Yiu Kee Warren 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:
Young adults living with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIVYAs) are at risk for poor biomedical and behavioral health outcomes. Few studies offer a comprehensive overview of the functioning of this population in young adulthood and the role of HIV.

METHODS:
Data come from the Child and Adolescent Self-Awareness and Health Study, a longitudinal behavioral health cohort study of PHIVYAs and perinatally HIV–exposed but uninfected young adults (PHEUYAs) who are compared on psychiatric and neurocognitive functioning, sexual and substance use behaviors, health and reproductive outcomes, and young adult milestones.

RESULTS:
Overall, 27% of participants met criteria for a psychiatric disorder, including mood (11%), anxiety (22%), and substance use (28%), with no HIV status differences. PHIVYAs performed worse on 2 neurocognitive tests. There were no HIV status differences in condomless sex (41%) or pregnancies (41% women; 38% men). Both groups exhibited similar adult milestones: 67% graduated high school or an equivalent, 19% were in college, and 42% were employed. However, 38% were neither in school or working, 12% reported incarceration, and 16% were ever homeless. Among PHIVYAs, 36% were viremic (&gt;200 copies per mL), and 15% were severely immunocompromised (CD4+ cell count &lt;100 cells per mm3).

CONCLUSIONS:
Many PHIVYAs achieve adult milestones related to school, employment, sexual relationships, and starting families. However, they and PHEUYAs have high rates of psychiatric and substance use disorders and behavioral risks, which can jeopardize long-term health and adult functioning, particularly in the context of HIV. These findings underscore an urgent need to escalate interventions.
Supraclavicular Approach on Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Mu’imin Amiril 
Published: August 2018

Background: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is a clinical syndrome that refers to abnormal compression of the neurovascular in the neck and axilla with signs and symptoms manifesting in the shoulders, neck, arms, hands and sometimes fingers. It may be underdiagnosed because this syndrome is poorly understood. The compression is primarily neurogenic, vascular, or both. As the number of patients undergoing successful treatment increases, TOS is becoming a common diagnosis. In those patients in whom pain is refractory to conservative care, surgery should be considered. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of a supraclavicular approach to treat the thoracic outlet syndrome patients in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital Surabaya.Materials and methods: This study is a case series of 16 patients (10 females and 6 males) of 19-50 years old, who underwent neurovascular compression with the supraclavicular approach. Symptoms were evaluated with medical records based on peri-operative anamnesis and physical examination.Results: The follow-up with 16 patients showed excellent results such as decreasing pain, decreasing sensory or motoric symptoms, and complications like pneumothorax hematothorax, and injury of artery, vein or plexus brachialis were not found.Conclusion: Supraclavicular approach is relatively effective and safe for neurovascular decompression of TOS. Excellent outcomes were observed with a small incision, safe and minimal complications.
The Feasibility of Optimal Surgical Result Prediction according to the Centre of Rotation Shift after Multilevel Cervical Total Disc Replacement
Authors: Lee Jun Ho 
Published: August 2018

Objective: This study investigates the relation between shifted locations of centre of rotation (COR) at each cervical level and subsequent surgical outcomes after multilevel cervical total disc replacement (MCTDR) and identifies radiological parameter that corresponded to change of COR after MCTDR. Methods: The study included a consecutive series of 24 patients who were treated with MCTDR following diagnosis of multilevel cervical disc herniation or stenosis. Numeric rating scale (NRS), range of motion (ROM) at both C2-7 segment and TDR implanted levels, and the location of COR at TDR implanted level were evaluated at pre- and post-MCTDR. These parameters were compared between patients who experienced successful and unsuccessful pain relief.Results: The inherent CORs relatively at ventro-cranial coordinates have demonstrated significant migrations to dorso-caudal locations at each cervical levels, more prominent shifts for the successful group, after MCTDR switch. The unsuccessful group showed markedly reduced C2-7 ROM and reduced angular improvement at C2-7 as well as MCTDR level after surgery in comparison with the successful group. Postoperative C2-7 ROM was related to postoperative COR along the X-axis.Conclusions: The crucial determinants for clinical success after MCTDR, other than mere preservation of the ROM both at C2-7 and TDR implanted levels, was the restoration of COR from ventro-cranial location at degenerated cervical motion segment close to normal coordinates by posterior and inferior shifts after MCTDR. The position of COR along the X-axis after MCTDR was an important factor to determine maintenance of C2-7 RO.
Forces on Double Disc Coulters with Different Angles of Attack for a Planter Unit
Authors: Portella José Antonio , Capellari Fernando 
Published: August 2018

It is long known that reactions resulting from the penetration of coulters into the compacted soil generate more strain on the crop row, decrease the service life of its components, and represent an unwanted maintenance cost, often at mid-seeding. The objective of the study was to assess straining on a double disc coulter of a commercial planter using a dynamometric car, which measured the vertical and horizontal forces operating on the three double disc supports at different angles of attack. Forward speed ranged in three levels and working depth ranged in two levels. The tests were performed in the Stara experimental farming area in the city of Não-Me-Toque, RS, Brazil. It was possible to conclude that the range of angles of attack of offset double discs decreased the power requirements on the crop rows. It was also concluded that the working speed had a significant effect only on the vertical force component, due to the lager angular opening. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v6iss2p7
Akuntan(Si) Pitung: Mendobrak Mitos Abnormalitas dan Rasialisme Praktik Akuntansi
Authors: Kamayanti Ari 
Published: August 2018

<p><em>Abstract:<br /></em></p><p><em>This article aims to explain and construct justice in accounting thought and practice, that is commonly filled with intellectual racism. This construction is carried out by employing redefinition (not to say deconstruction) of “normality”. Redefinition is necessary to achieve justice as a concept that does not stand in mystical lever or rhetoric. Si Pitung, a Betawian Hero, is the right metaphor for redefinition process for two reasons. First, Si Pitung has been told as tales or urband legend with his actions to fight for justice. Second, Pitung’s action, in essence, is a logical consequence for “normality” redefinition. At the end, the article suggests that accounting can be redefined as fight against this prejudice and to break away from this myth by changing its assumptions. Through accounting, it is normal to accept changes, and abnormal to sustain status quo of reality. </em></p><p>Abstrak:<em></em></p><p>Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan dan melakukan konstruksi atas aspek keadilan dalam praktik serta pemikiran akuntansi melalui birokrasi yang seringkali rasis dengan trah keilmuan. Konstruksi ini dilakukan melalui redefinisi (jika tidak mau menggunakan kata ‘dekonstruksi’) “normalitas”. Redefinisi ini sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencapai keadilan, sebagai sebuah konsep, yang berada pada tataran mitos atau wacana. Si Pitung, pahlawan Betawi, adalah metafora yang tepat untuk proses redefinisi ini karena dua alasan. Pertama, kajian tentang si Pitung banyak menempatkan tokoh ini sebagai sebuah mitos- <em>urban legend</em> yang aksinya dilakukan untuk mendapatkan keadilan. Kedua, aksi si Pitung pada esensinya merupakan konsekuensi logis atas redefinisi ‘normalitas’. Akhirnya, artikel ini mengusulkan sebuah perubahan asumsi atas normalitas akuntansi agar keadilan tidak menjadi sekadar mitos. Melalui akuntansi, menerima perubahan menuju perbaikan adalah hal yang normal, sedangkan mempertahankan kemapanan kuasa tertentu/<em>status quo</em> adalah hal yang abnormal.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>
ACOLHIMENTO PUERPERAL NO CONTEXTO ATRIBUÍDOS AS PRIMÍPARAS
Authors: Pereira Raissa Carolina , Figueiredo Inácio da Silva Lays , Santos Barbosa Oliveira Iacara , Dutra Brazão Lelis Beatriz 
Published: August 2018

Introdução: Grandes transformações circundam a mulher durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, são mudanças que atingem o estado fisiológico, emocional. Com essas transformações,ocorrem também o medo e a insegurança, devido os cuidados que serão necessários com o recém-nascido, medos que variam diante do contexto de vida da puérpera primípara, que ainda está na fase de recuperação do próprio organismo, cabendoao profissionalde saúde oferecer o apoio necessários e mudar a realidade na qual focaliza-se apenas no bebê. Objetivo: analisar e compreender os sentimentos de puérperas primíparas que participaramdo curso de gestante e suas consequências na prática do cuidar relacionados à maternidade no contexto do parto, nascimento e cuidados com o neonato.Metodologia: no estudo foi usado o método exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, pautado no conceito de humanização, na modalidade de análise temática, a partir de entrevistas com as puérperas primíparas em seu domicílio. Foram obtidos através da análise de conteúdo a partir da entrevista semiestruturada. Este estudo conta com público alvo de 10 puérperas que realizaram o curso de gestantes em 2016, fortalecendo o compromisso social da universidade na real interação ensino-serviço-comunidade. Resultados:Os depoimentos trazem o impacto de ser mãe pela primeira vez diante do nascimento que remete repercussões no puerpério dessas primíparas. A participação no Curso de Gestantes remeteu resultados positivos e de significativa importância na vida dessas primíparas. A partir da análise dos relatos as categorias que compõem esse tema são: Significado de ser mãe; Dificuldades relacionadas ao cuidado do recém-nascido; Autocuidado no puerpério; Relacionamento e mudanças pessoal e familiar e a Perspectiva do curso de gestante. Considerações finais: ficou nítido a importância do apoio de profissionais de saúde compartilhando o conhecimento e possuindo a sensibilidade de compreender não só os aspectos biológicos, mas também os emocionais, sociais e culturais em que a primípara se encontra, para assim lhe prestar uma assistência qualificada. A relação de acolhimento profissional/paciente no Curso de Gestante obteve êxito tendo contribuído muito na troca de experiências, orientações e desmistificação da maternidade. Descritores:Gestantes; Puérperas; Maternidade Área temática:Processo de Cuidar em Enfermagem na Saúde da Mulher
Ultrasonic excision of infected mesh implants after hernioplasty
Authors: Panteleev Vladimir S , Zavarukhin Vitalii A , Pogorelova Mariya P 
Published: August 2018

Relevance. Infection of mesh implants ("mesh") is a serious problem during hernioplasty, which does not have an unambiguous approach to its solution. Having decided on surgical intervention associated with the removal of the failed implant, the surgeon will face certain technical difficulties associated with the presence of fibrous-granulation fusions that do not allow performing the operation without injuring healthy surround tissue implants.
Goal. Improve the results of surgical interventions associated with the removal of reticular implants with ultrasonic cavitation.
Methods. We have analyzed our own experience in the treatment of patients who under the conditions of the Republican Clinical Hospital named after. G.G. Kuvatova, Ufa from 2000 to 2017, surgical interventions were carried out related to the removal of infected mesh implants, previously established for ventral hernias of different locations. Almost all patients "prosthetic" hernioplasty was performed in other medical organizations - central district and city hospitals (CRH and TSGB) of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The study included 89 patients who were divided into two groups: the main one (41 patients) where ultrasound and a comparison group (48 people) were used during the implant separation stage from the abdominal wall tissue and subsequent treatment of the wound surface in which all steps of the surgical manual were performed only with the help of conventional surgical instruments.
Results. The study showed that the use of ultrasound cavitation of the antiseptic solution allows to achieve a delicate separation of infected mesh implants from the abdominal wall without damaging it with a good bactericidal effect, and to reduce the occurrence of recurrent hernias.
Conclusions. Thus, the separation of the "mesh" without damaging the underlying abdominal wall tissue allows to preserve their skeleton, and hence to prevent the subsequent recurrence of hernia formation.