bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DETECTION AND IN-VITRO MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE MYCOFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH SUNFLOWER AND ZINNIA
Authors: Irshad Gulshan , Gazal Hira , Naz Farah , Hassan Imran , Bashir Amir , Ghuffar Salman 
Published: March 2019

The present study was conducted to detect seed borne mycoflora associated with seven cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and five cultivars of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) by using Agar and Blotter paper methods. A total 12 genera of fungi were detected including; Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Stemphylium helianthi, Penicillium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor sp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium solani, Rhizocotonia solani and Rhizopus sp. The detected fungi depleted germination 10-30%, 10-20% and seedling mortality 10-17%, 10-12%. in sunflower and Zinnia respectively. A comparative study was designed to evaluate three fungicides to control seed mycoflora at the rate of of 1.5g/kg, 2.0g/kg, 2.5g/kg, 3.0g/kg, Maximum germination percentage was attained in case of seed dressing with Topsin M-70 followed by Bayton and Dithane M-45 at the rate of 3.0g/kg.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RECENT DISCOVERIES IN STRIPE RUST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Afzal Amir , Riaz Abid , Naz Farah , Irshad Gulshan , Shah Muhammad K. N. , Ijaz Muhammad 
Published: March 2019

Stripe rust in wheat is the most problematic disease damaging the produce severely in wheat growing regions. In this paper findings in recent past related to yellow rust with reference to their application in the management of disease have been debated. In this regard various aspects of breeding for resistance were focused. Pathogen has adopted under the changed climatic scenario brings and disease is observed in the regions where it did not exist earlier. Rising temperatures has increased the irregularity and concentration of precipitation, causing the spread and severity of rust diseases. NB-LRR proteins are expected to play a substantial part in advanced agriculture where yield is the primary goal for screening. Biotechnology has revolutionized in biological sciences including Plant Pathology. Experts are studying the biochemical nature and the signals involved in, a plant’s responses to pathogen attack and development of disease. Plant resistance genes are being engineered into plants to defend them from plant diseases
Non-Human Primates as Models for Diabetes Research: A Skeptic Outlook
Authors: Qadri Rizwana , Faiq Muneeb 
Published: March 2019

Apart from numerous parallels, human beings have different evolutionary, physiological and biochemical features when compared to non-human primates. This has particular relevance to our nutrition patterns, stress (and the relevant coping mechanisms) and energy metabolism. These differences make a case for Homo sapiens to be a distinct species with unusual categories of diseases for which non-human primates may not supplement as true model organisms. The comparatively larger human brain proportionate size and consequently higher energy demands, bipedal locomotion (ensuing immature brain development at birth), unique craniofacial and dental structures with increased quality, availability and bioavailability of food, distinct stress biochemistry and endocrinology with disparate adrenal and thyroid sizes to other primates predispose us to many disorders not found in other non-human primates. One of the most important of these syndromes is diabetes type-1. Since we know that autoimmune diabetes does not occur in non-human primates we may, at the outset, think that a true physiological and biochemical model of this disease in them may have important shortcomings. This paper discusses relevant physiological differences between Homo sapiens and other non-human primates lending enough support to the view that non-human primates may not substantiate as diabetes models for research. This paper puts forth imperative arguments centered upon differences between humans and other non-human primates in the light of brain size, body composition, evolutionary development, stress biochemistry, and energy metabolism. Finally, the discussion suggests that relevant factors should be taken into consideration when studying diabetes in these animal models. JMS 2018;21(1):61-67
Innovative, yet simple method to tackle Vascular complications after Radial Artery Cannulation
Authors: Khan Talib , Sharma Neha , Wani Shaqul Qamar 
Published: March 2019

Arterial cannulations are used routinely for continuous hemodynamic monitoring and blood sampling during major surgery and in critically ill patients but are not without complications. We devised simple cost-effective innovative technique in comparison to manual compression to prevent the vascular complications like hematoma formation and blood ooze from skin arteriotomy site. JMS 2018;21(1):49-50
Study of Profile, Pattern and Outcome of Oral Poisoning Cases admitted in Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in North India.
Authors: Jalali Susan , Khan Shahnawaz Hamid , Jan Farooq A , Jalali Illahay 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Poisoning is a common medico-social problem. It is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the epidemiology of poisoning and its changes is important to both emergency physicians and public health practitioners. Our study was to determine the socio-demographic profile, pattern and outcome of the poisoning cases reported to the Emergency Department of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: The study was a Retrospective observational type of study conducted at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of medical sciences, Srinagar J&K. The patients with acute poisonings presenting to and managed in the Emergency Medicine department between February 2016 to February 2018 were reviewed for inclusion. Data was collected by reviewing records . Using a pre-structured format, case records of poisoning cases were reviewed for gender, age, residence, type of poison, route of poison and outcome of treatment. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis.
Results: In the present study the Female: male ratio was 1.9:1 (131 Females and 68 Males).Females outnumbered the males. Highest cases of Poisoning were reported in the age group of 10-20 years. The poisoning in extreme of ages was less observed. Maximum cases of Poisoning belongs to rural areas (60.8%). The most common implicating agents were Pesticides (75.3%). The second common cause of poisoning was drug overdose (20.52%) Maximum cases recovered after treatment (94%).
Conclusion: Pattern and magnitude of poisoning are multidimensional and demand multi-sectorial approach for facing this problem. There is a need for stringent pesticide regulation laws and counseling and training programs to reduce the incidence of poisonings. JMS 2018;21(1):24-30
Presentation of Gall Stone Ileus as Gut Obstruction
Authors: Wani Munir Ahmad , Shan Mubarak Ahmad , Andrabi Syed Muzamil , Malik Ajaz Ahmad 
Published: March 2019

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon and often life-threatening complication of cholelithiasis. In this case report, we discuss a difficult diagnostic case of gallstone ileus presenting as small gut obstruction with ischemia. A 56-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. A CT scan was performed and showed an evolving bowel obstruction with features of gut ischemia with pneumobilia although no frank hyper density suggestive of a gallstone was noted. The patient underwent emergency surgery and a 60 mm obstructing calculus was removed from the patient's jejunum, with a formal tube cholecystostomy. JMS 2018: 21 (2):117-119
Spinal Anaesthesia for Infra-umbilical Surgeries - A Prospective Randomized Study to evaluate the effectiveness of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine.
Authors: Khan Talib , Sheikh Ubaid Ahmad , Wani Shaqul Qamar , Sarwar Zarka 
Published: March 2019

Background: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used anesthetic modality worldwide but with the limitation of relatively short duration of action and complain of post-operative pain. However, the addition of adjuvants have intensified and increased the duration of sensory block with concommitent prolongation of the duration of postoperative analgesia.
Study design and settings: This prospective randomized study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care at the University Teaching Hospital.
Methods: 60 patients irrespective of their age and gender were randomized equally into two groups, and received 3ml of total drug volume intrathecally (IT) viz 2.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% mixed with 0.5 ml of normal saline in Group I and 0.5 ml of 5 mcg of Dexmedetomidine in Group II respectively.
Results: The maximum height of sensory block achieved were dermatomes T 6.5 ± 1.43 in Group I, and T 6.20 ± 1.28 in Group II (P value, 0.794 > 0.05) with time required to reach T10 sensory block level was 6.70 ± 0.98 min. in Group I and 5.50 ± 1.00 min. in Group II (P value, 0.001) The time to reach Bromage scale 3 was 15.70 ± 2.56 min. in Group I and 8.55 ± 1.67min. in Group II (P value, < 0.001) The time of first rescue dose requested by patient was 196.75 ± 15.16 min. in Group I, and 359.50 ± 49.79 min. in Group II (P value, 0.01)
Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine in doses of 5 µg as adjuvants to hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine intrathecally produced a significantly quick onset and longer duration of motor and sensory block with benefit prolonged postoperative analgesia. JMS 2018: 21 (2):95-100
Splenic Lymphangioma: A Rare Tumour of Spleen in Adults
Authors: Chowdri Nisar A , Andrabi Syed Muzamil , Bhat Javaid Ahmad , Shah Mubashir Ahmad 
Published: March 2019

Splenic Lymphangioma is a rare, benign, cystic lesion arising from malformations of splenic lymphatic channels. They are usually found in paediatric population and rarely in adults. Isolated lesions are asymptomatic and detected incidentally. However larger lesions present with abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite or a palpable mass. Surgical removal of spleen remains the treatment of choice. A 25-year-old, unmarried female presented 2 months history of pain epigastrium. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a well defined hypoechoic area in relation to the lower pole of spleen with normal splenic and portal vein. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement showed mild splenomegaly with multiple hypodense lesions with peripherally enhancing rim and decreased central attenuation with likely possibility of angiosarcoma of spleen. JMS 2018: 21 (2):122-124
Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies. I. MBH–M*,sph
Authors: Davis Benjamin L. , Graham Alister W. , Cameron Ewan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The (supermassive black hole mass, M
BH)–(bulge stellar mass,

) relation is, obviously, derived using two quantities. We endeavor to provide accurate values for the latter via detailed multicomponent galaxy decompositions for the current full sample of 43 spiral galaxies having directly measured M
BH values; 35 of these galaxies have been alleged to contain pseudobulges, 21 have water maser measurements, and three appear bulgeless. This more than doubles the previous sample size of spiral galaxies with a finessed image analysis. We have analyzed near-infrared images, accounting for not only the bulge, disk (exponential, truncated, or inclined), and bar but also spiral arms and rings and additional central components (active galactic nuclei (AGNs), etc.). A symmetric Bayesian analysis finds

=

/

+ (7.24 ± 0.12), with υ a stellar mass-to-light ratio term. The level of scatter equals that about the M
BH–σ
* relation. The nonlinear slope rules out the idea that many mergers, coupled with the central limit theorem, produced this scaling relation, and it corroborates previous observational studies and simulations, which have reported a near-quadratic slope at the low-mass end of the M
BH–

diagram. Furthermore, bulges with AGNs follow this relation; they are not offset by an order of magnitude, and models that have invoked AGN feedback to establish a linear M
BH–

relation need revisiting. We additionally present an updated M
BH–(Sérsic index, n
sph) relation for spiral galaxy bulges with a comparable level of scatter and a new

–(spiral-arm pitch angle, ϕ) relation.
Observational Predictions for Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass Explosions: Further Evidence for Multiple Progenitor Systems for Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Polin Abigail , Nugent Peter , Kasen Daniel 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We present a numerical parameter survey of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf (WD) explosions. Carbon–oxygen WDs accreting a helium shell have the potential to explode in the sub-Chandrasekhar mass regime. Previous studies have shown how the ignition of a helium shell can either directly ignite the WD at the core–shell interface or propagate a shock wave into the the core causing a central ignition. We examine the explosions of WDs from 0.6 to 1.2 M
⊙ with helium shells of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.08 M
⊙. Distinct observational signatures of sub-Chandrasekhar mass WD explosions are predicted for two categories of shell size. Thicker-shell models show an early time flux excess, which is caused by the presence of radioactive material in the ashes of the helium shell, and red colors due to these ashes creating significant line blanketing in the UV through the blue portion of the spectrum. Thin shell models reproduce several typical Type Ia supernova signatures. We identify a relationship between Si ii velocity and luminosity that, for the first time, identifies a subclass of observed supernovae that are consistent with these models. This subclass is further delineated by the absence of carbon in their atmospheres. We suggest that the proposed difference in the ratio of selective to total extinction between the high velocity and normal velocity Type Ia supernovae is not due to differences in the properties of the dust around these events, but is rather an artifact of applying a single extinction correction to two intrinsically different populations of supernovae.
Chromium Isotopic Evidence for an Early Formation of Chondrules from the Ornans CO Chondrite
Authors: Zhu 朱 Ke 柯 , Liu Jia , Moynier Frédéric , Qin Liping , Alexander Conel M. O’D. , He Yongsheng 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Chondrules are the main components of primitive meteorites and possibly the building blocks of planetary embryos and terrestrial planets. However, their ages and modes of formation are still highly debated. Here, we present high-precision Cr isotope data of nine chondrules from one of the more primitive chondrites, the CO3 chondrite Ornans. These chondrules define an external 53Mn–53Cr isochron, with an initial 53Mn/55Mn of (7.1 ± 1.6) × 10−6, corresponding to an age of 4567.6 ± 1.3 Ma when anchored to the angrite D’Orbigny (U-corrected). This age is within error of the age of formation of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs). All chondrules show a wide range of ε
54Cr values (+0.20 to +1.22) and a positive correlation between ε
53Cr and ε
54Cr values, suggesting mixing of different isotopic sources in the protoplanetary disk. This could reflect that silicate materials from the CAI-forming region (with complementary compositions to CAIs, i.e., low Mn/Cr and ε
54Cr) were transported to the accretion region of the CO chondrite parent body and mixed with CI-like material (high-Mn/Cr and ε
54Cr) during chondrule formation. Such mixing must have occurred prior to the formation of chondrule precursors. Furthermore, chondrules from chondrites with more CAIs (CV and CO) exhibit greater variability in ε
54Cr than chondrules from chondrites formed later with fewer CAIs (e.g., CB and CR), suggesting that the accretion regions of the former received more material transported from the inner solar system than the latter. This dichotomy may indicate the CB and CR chondrites accreted at greater orbital distances than other chondrites.
Coordinated UV and X-Ray Spectroscopic Observations of the O-type Giant ξ Per: The Connection between X-Rays and Large-scale Wind Structure*

†
Authors: Massa Derck , Oskinova Lida , Prinja Raman , Ignace Richard 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We present new, contemporaneous Hubble Space Telescope STIS and XMM-Newton observations of the O7 III(n)((f)) star ξ Per. We supplement the new data with archival IUE spectra, to analyze the variability of the wind lines and X-ray flux of ξ Per. The variable wind of this star is known to have a 2.086-day periodicity. We use a simple, heuristic spot model that fits the low-velocity (near-surface) IUE wind line variability very well, to demonstrate that the low-velocity absorption in the new STIS spectra of N iv λ1718 and Si iv λ1402 vary with the same 2.086-day period. It is remarkable that the period and amplitude of the STIS data agree with those of the IUE spectra obtained 22 yr earlier. We also show that the time variability of the new XMM-Newton fluxes is also consistent with the 2.086-day period. Thus, our new, multiwavelength coordinated observations demonstrate that the mechanism that causes the UV wind line variability is also responsible for a significant fraction of the X-rays in single O stars. The sequence of events for the multiwavelength light-curve minima is Si iv λ1402, N iv λ1718, and X-ray flux, each separated by a phase of about 0.06 relative to the 2.086-day period. Analysis of the X-ray fluxes shows that they become softer as they weaken. This is contrary to expectations if the variability is caused by periodic excess absorption. Furthermore, the high-resolution X-ray spectra suggest that the individual emission lines at maximum are more strongly blueshifted. If we interpret the low-velocity wind line light curves in terms of our model, it implies that there are two bright regions, i.e., regions with less absorption, separated by 180°, on the surface of the star. We note that the presence and persistence of two spots separated by 180° suggest that a weak dipole magnetic field is responsible for the variability of the UV wind line absorption and X-ray flux in ξ Per.
An Ordered Envelope–Disk Transition in the Massive Protostellar Source G339.88-1.26
Authors: Zhang Yichen , Tan Jonathan C. , Sakai Nami , Tanaka Kei E. I. , De Buizer James M. , Liu Mengyao , Beltrán Maria T. , Kratter Kaitlin , Mardones Diego , Garay Guido 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We report molecular line observations of the massive protostellar source G339.88-1.26 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. The observations reveal a highly collimated SiO jet extending from the 1.3 mm continuum source, which connects to a slightly wider but still highly collimated CO outflow. Rotational features perpendicular to the outflow axis are detected in various molecular emissions, including SiO, SO2, H2S, CH3OH, and H2CO emissions. Based on their spatial distributions and kinematics, we find that they trace different parts of the envelope–disk system. The SiO emission traces the disk and inner envelope in addition to the jet. The CH3OH and H2CO emissions mostly trace the infalling-rotating envelope and are enhanced around the transition region between envelope and disk, i.e., the centrifugal barrier. The SO2 and H2S emissions are enhanced around the centrifugal barrier and also trace the outer part of the disk. Envelope kinematics are consistent with rotating-infalling motion, while those of the disk are consistent with Keplerian rotation. The radius and velocity of the centrifugal barrier are estimated to be about 530 au and 6

, respectively, leading to a central mass of about 11 M
⊙, consistent with estimates based on spectral energy distribution fitting. These results indicate that an ordered transition from an infalling-rotating envelope to a Keplerian disk through a centrifugal barrier, accompanied by changes of types of molecular line emissions, is a valid description of this massive protostellar source. This implies that at least some massive stars form in a similar way to low-mass stars via core accretion.
Comunicação, conectividade e dissenso em movimentos sociais: uma análise sobre “los indignados”
Authors: Azevedo Curvello João José , Rodrigues Mateus Tatiane 
Published: March 2019

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a dinâmica da comunicação no contexto do dissenso, especificamente nas manifestações espanholas de 2011. De forma sucinta, busca apontar a relevância das relações comunicacionais nos novos movimentos sociais, tomando como embasamento teórico, a Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais e suas derivações. Estes movimentos de protestos apesar de não significarem sistemas funcionais clássicos se aproximam do conceito de organizações efêmeras. São objetivos deste trabalho : compreender o contexto sistêmico do processo dessas manifestações na Espanha, conhecer a dinâmica das relações comunicacionais no ambiente de dissenso e analisar a trajetória sistêmico-comunicacional do movimento “Los Indignados”. Nesse sentido, o problema central do estudo refere-se à importância da perspectiva sistêmica quando tratarmos de movimentos sociais, refletindo sobre os sistemas envolvidos, suas relações de comunicação e poder e as estratégias e instrumentos, sobretudo os digitais, utilizados nos processos de comunicação e mobilização.
l’Afrique entre communautés traditionnelles et monde virtuel
Authors: Donsimoni Myriam 
Published: March 2019

Des contre-cultures aux cybercultures, les quatre dernières décennies du XXe siècle ont été le théâtre des plus spectaculaires transformations de la vie quotidienne. Ces dernières peuvent être interprétées comme l’évolution normale des sociétés occidentales, qui sont plus ou moins habituées à aller vite ; mais comment les envisager dans les pays en voie de développement, marqués par une économie déstructurée et une société encore imbriquée dans les communautés traditionnelles ?Dans cette étude, nous nous interrogeons sur la cohérence entre l’esprit communautaire, tel qu’il persiste en Afrique, et la culture numérique, qui attire et concerne de plus en plus de jeunes. Assistons-nous à une mise en dynamique vers plus de développement économique et social grâce à l’outil numérique, ou bien est-ce une ingérence occidentale supplémentaire dans un système non encore abouti qui ne pourra que s’en trouver encore plus déstructuré ?Les populations africaines sont encore fortement attachées aux communautés traditionnelles où elles puisent leur mode de vie, leur identité. Le risque inhérent aux communautés traditionnelles est un certain communautarisme que certains accusent d’entraver le processus de développement. Internet et les communautés virtuelles prennent ici tout leur sens, car, contrairement aux communautés traditionnelles, elles ouvrent les portes du monde et facilitent la communication.
Usages de l’internet par les personnes âgées en Turquie
Authors: Ülbay Aytuna Nazlı 
Published: March 2019

La présente étude consiste à mettre en perspective et à débattre de l’usage d’Internet par les personnes âgées à partir d’une enquête qualitative réalisée en Turquie. Ladite recherche repose sur des entretiens semi- directifs réalisés auprès de 36 personnes âgées (plus de 65 ans) vivant à Istanbul. L’échantillon de l’étude, composé de 20 utilisateurs et de 16 non-utilisateurs, englobe des entretiens qui se situent dans une approche théorique des usages et de la notion de gratification en se posant les questions de ce que font les personnes âgées avec l’Internet.Quelles sont leurs motivations et leurs habitudes ? En effet, la Turquie, à l’instar d’autres pays européens, devra faire face, dans un avenir proche, à un accroissement de la population âgée. Or, les individus composant cette démographie croissante disposent d’un certain nombre de barrières qui les empêchent de s’adapter aux besoins de la société de l’information. En exposant ainsi les difficultés d’intégrer la population âgée à l’usage de l’Internet, la présente recherche vise à souligner le risque de négligence d’une partie importante de la population dans la société d’information.