bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms on breast cancer risk
Authors: Miao Li-Feng , Wang Xiao-Yan , Ye Xiang-Hua , Cui Meng-Shen , He Xiao-Feng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Many molecular epidemiology studies have reported an association between the combined effects of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) polymorphisms on breast cancer risk. However, the results have been controversial.
A meta-analysis was performed to clarify this issue.
Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines was used. Pooled the crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model. Several subgroup analyses were conducted by ethnicity, source of control, matching, and menopausal status. In addition, we also performed sensitivity analysis and publication bias. Moreover, a false-positive report probability (FPRP) test was applied to assess positive results.
A significantly increased breast cancer risk was observed in overall population (GSTM1 null/GSTT1 present [− +] vs GSTM1 present/GSTT1 present [+ +]: OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36, GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null [− −] vs + +: OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.29–2.06, (− +) + GSTM1 present/GSTT1 null (+ −) vs + +: OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05–1.31, (− +) + (+ −) + (− −) vs + +: OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.12–1.44, and − − vs (− +) + (+ −) + (+ +): OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17–1.66) and several subgroup analyses, such as Caucasians, Indians, postmenopausal women, and so on. However, positive results were only considered noteworthy in overall population (− − vs + +: FPRP = 0.150 and (− +) + (+ −) + (− −) vs + +: FPRP = 0.162). Moreover, no significant association was observed when we used the trim and fill method to adjust the pooled data from all populations. Further, none of positive results of sensitivity analysis were considered noteworthy (FPRP >0.2).
These positive findings should be interpreted with caution and indicate that an increased breast cancer risk may most likely result from false-positive results, rather than from true associations or biological factors on the combined effects of GSTM1 and GSTT1. Future studies should be based on sample sizes well-powered and attention needs to be paid to study design to further identify this issue.
Abnormal pulmonary artery systolic pressure response after exercise in systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Yang Song , Wu Jing , Lei Si , Song Rong , Cai Ye-yu , Wu Shang-jie 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is an important parameter for detecting pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The difference between rest PASP and post-exercise PASP (ΔPASP) may play a role in predicting and screening resting PAH. The aim of this study is to analyze ΔPASP in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with PAH or non-PAH and suggest a cutoff value of ΔPASP for detection of PAH.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant publications up to July 7, 2018. Characteristics of control, no PAH, exercise-induced PAH (EIPH) and PAH subgroups in SSc patients were extracted. R 3.5.0 with the “meta” package was used to conduct this meta-analysis.

Results:
Twelve articles involving 1279 patients were included in this study. The subgroups meta-analysis showed pooled mean ΔPASP in different subgroups: control group (8.6 mmHg, 95% CI: 6.9–10.5), no PAH group (12.2 mmHg, 95% CI: 11.2–13.2), EIPH group (26.0 mmHg, 95% CI: 24.2–27.7) and PAH group (36.2 mmHg, 95% CI: 29.7–42.7).

Conclusion:
Combining the results of our study with the previous studies, an abnormal increase in PASP after exercise could indicate the development of PAH in SSc patients. In addition, if ΔPASP>29 mmHg, a high suspicion of PAH should be raised.
Correlation between red blood cell distribution width and cardiovascular events in the patients receiving peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Cao Hui-xia , Zhao Xin-di , Yan Lei , Fan Xiao-guang , Shao Feng-min 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThere are few studies on the correlation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and cardiovascular events in the patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). We explored the correlation between RDW and cardiovascular events in PD patients and possible mechanism.A total of 138 PD patients were divided into RDW < 15% group (n = 104) and RDW ≥ 15% group (n = 34).The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) [3.05 (0.79, 15.30) mg/L vs 2.15 (1.00, 6.50) mg/L] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) [260.0 (192.7, 352.6) ng/L vs 200.7 (118.0, 319.7) ng/L] were significantly higher, but the levels of serum albumin [30.65 (27.4,32.8) g/L vs 32.3 (29.25,34.95) g/L], prealbumin [(299 ± 96) g/L vs (346 ± 86) g/L], triglyceride [1.24 (0.72, 1.50) mmol/L vs 1.42 (1.12,1.84) mmol/L], and transferrin saturation [27.9 (16.4, 43.6)% vs 37.8 (23.3, 57.2)%] were significantly lower in the RDW ≥ 15% group than in the RDW < 15% group (allP < 0.05). The RDW was negatively correlated with albumin (r = − 0.258,P = 0.002), prealbumin (r = −0.236,P = 0.005), and triglyceride (r = −0.194,P = 0.023), but was positively correlated with CRP level (r = 0.174,P = 0.041). The incidence of cardiovascular events was significantly higher in the RDW ≥ 15% group (6 patients, 17.6%) than in the RDW < 15% group (6.7%) (7 patients,P < 0.01). Cox proportional hazard model showed that elevated RDW level was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events in PD patients (HR = 1.622, 95% CI: 1.063–2.475,P = 0.025).The elevated RDW may be served as a risk factor to predict the cardiovascular events in PD patients.
Surgical treatment of postburn heterotopic ossification around the elbow
Authors: Chen Ji-Ying , Fu Chun-Wei , Ho Hsu-Yu , Lu Yung-Chang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Heterotopic ossification (HO), which is defined as the formation of new bone in tissues that do not normally ossify, is an infrequent yet debilitating complication of burns. Herein, we report three patients who suffered from elbow HO after burn injury due to a dust explosion event. This is a case report that includes the most cases involved in a single mass casualty incident in the presented literature.

Patient concerns:
Case 1: A 28-year-old man presented with second-to-third degree 88% total body surface area (TBSA) burns after the explosion event. He complained of decreased progressive bilateral elbow range of motion (ROM) for 1.5 months after the burn injury.
Case 2: A 28-year-old woman presented with second-to-third degree 50% TBSA burns and complained of decreased progressive bilateral elbow ROM with intolerable pain on elbow extension for 1 month after the burn injury.
Case 3: A 22-year-old man presented with second-to-third degree 90% TBSA burns and complained of significantly decreased left elbow ROM with intolerable pain 5 months after the burn injury.

Diagnosis:
The follow-up radiograph of the symptomatic elbow of these three patients revealed heterotopic ossification formation. Three-dimensional reconstruction computed tomography performed preoperatively showed that HO mainly affected the humeroulnar joint.

Interventions:
We treated all three patients with surgical elbow HO resection and ulnar nerve transposition, followed by immediate passive ROM exercise since postoperative day 1 and continuous physical therapy.

Outcomes:
In case 1, the documented ROM gain on the last follow-up (18.5 months after surgery) was 30° in the right elbow and 118° in the left elbow. In case 2, the follow-up time was 21 months and the documented ROM gain on the last follow-up was 120° in the right elbow and 90° in the left elbow. In case 3, the follow-up time was 20 months and the documented left elbow ROM gain on the last follow-up was 40°.

Lessons:
We discuss our experience of treating postburn HO and review the recent literature. The postburn HO treatment results of early surgical excision combined with immediate postoperative physical therapy were satisfactory.
Abnormal nocturnal behavior due to hypoglycemia
Authors: Weng Ning , Luo Yan-Wen , Xu Jian-dong , Zhang Yue 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Hypoglycemia, which is characterized mainly by palpitations, dizziness, and sweating, is common and easy to identify. However, some other symptoms, such as mental disorder or abnormal behavior, are atypical, which may lead to a misdiagnosis of epilepsy, sleepwalking, infarction, or mental disorder, among others.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a patient with type 2 diabetes who presented with abnormal nocturnal behavior due to hypoglycemia.

Diagnosis:
Hypoglycemia was diagnosed based on a blood glucose level of 2.1 mmol/L when the patient turned up disoriented unresponsive, unable to understand what was said to him, and producing nonsensical speech. After the patient ate a piece of chocolate, his consciousness returned to normal and all mental symptoms disappeared. Polysomnography (PSG) was synchronously performed. The results of the PSG did not show any signs of abnormality during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

Interventions:
We regulated his dose of insulin.

Outcomes:
No additional episodes occurred during the 3-month follow-up. Therefore, the abnormal nocturnal behavior of this patient was determined to be due to hypoglycemia, while the cause of the hypoglycemia was insulin overuse.

Lessons:
For physicians, if the cause of abnormal behavior cannot be detected, hypoglycemia should be suspected. Long-term persistent hypoglycemia may cause brain dysfunction and even result in permanent brain damage.
Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for severe acute diquat and glyphosate poisoning
Authors: Wang Danqiong , Zhang Guozheng , Zhang Weiwen , Luo Jian , Zhu Lihua , Hu Jianhua 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Because of the lack of an antidote or effective treatment, patients with severe acute diquat and glyphosate poisoning always died within a few hours. Extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO), as an artificial heart-lung supporting system, can be applied to support lung that is expected to recover from reversible pathological damage. However, to our knowledge, the application of ECMO for patients with diquat and glyphosate poisoning has not been reported.

Patient concerns:
A 40-year-old man ingested in 100 ml of diquat (20 g/100 ml) and 400 ml glyphosate (41 g/100 ml) was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), immediately complicated by the development of ventricular fibrillation, respiratory failure, renal failure, and multi-organ failure.

Diagnosis:
Diquat and glyphosate poisoning were diagnosed by stated ingestion history, and the diagnostic criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome were also met.

Interventions:
He was treated with veno-venous ECMO.

Outcomes:
He was successfully transferred out of the ICU on day 46 and discharged on day 67. The computed tomography scan showed no obvious pulmonary fibrosis 2 months after poisoning.

Lessons:
ECMO may be effective in the treatment of patients with severe ARDS caused by diquat and glyphosate poisoning when conventional management does not work.
Comparison of Ivor-Lewis versus Sweet procedure for middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jun , Wei Ning , Jiang Nanqing , Lu Yiming , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOur study compared the Ivor-Lewis and Sweet procedures used for treating middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and assessed the associated perioperative complications and long-term survival rates of the patients.This retrospective study involved 624 middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma patients who received either Ivor-Lewis (n = 325) or Sweet (n = 299) procedures at our hospital. Further, the perioperative conditions and long-term survival rates were analyzed for both groups.Relative to the Sweet group, the Ivor-Lewis group showed lower volume of drainage within 24 hours after operation (400 (300–500) ml vs 550 (400–658) ml,P = .031). Although we found no significant differences in major postoperative complications between the groups (72 (22.2) vs 65 (21.7),P = .90), there were significant differences observed in minor postoperative complications between the Ivor-Lewis and Sweet groups (59 (18.2) vs 32 (10.7),P = .008). Perioperative death rates remained comparable for the 2 groups (2 (0.6) vs 2 (0.7),P > .99). Further, comparison of the 2 groups revealed that the Ivor-Lewis group had increased number of dissected lymph nodes, (20 (4–42) vs 16 (3–31),P < .001), especially in the upper mediastinum (4 (0–5) vs 2 (0–2),P < .001). The long-term survival rates did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (Kaplan-Meier method,P = .95; Cox regression,P = .20).These findings suggest that perioperative complications and long-term survival rates were comparable for both patients groups. Patients receiving the Sweet procedure had reduced minor postoperative complications compared to those receiving the Ivor-Lewis procedure. Due to improved quality of lymph node dissection in the upper mediastinum, the Ivor-Lewis procedure may have advantages over the Sweet procedure for treating patients with esophageal cancer with enlarged lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum.
Association between food allergy and ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Niu Qian , Wei Wei , Huang Zhuochun , Zhang Junlong , Yang Bin , Wang Lanlan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Food allergies can alter the gut microbiome composition, increasing the risk of conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
To identify the association between specific allergens and AS, we investigated the differences in the serum levels of 14 food antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G between AS patients and healthy participants. The association between the levels of these antibodies and disease activity was assessed by measuring the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP).
We enrolled 75 AS patients and 78 healthy controls who had undergone antigen-specific IgG tests in West China Hospital between January 2015 and October 2017, and performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for specific IgG against 14 food allergens: rice, egg, mushroom, milk, pork, chicken, beef, crab, codfish, corn, soybean, tomato, shrimp, and wheat. The following tests were used to analyze differences between AS patients and healthy controls: χ2 test for sex, and a 2-tailed Student t-test or Mann–Whitney U test based on the results of Levene test for age and IgG levels. Correlations between IgG and CRP levels were calculated using a Spearman's correlation.
AS patients had significantly higher serum levels of beef-, crab-, and pork-specific IgG than did healthy participants. In addition, the serum levels of pork-specific IgG were significantly and positively correlated with CRP.
These results suggest that α-Gal, the predominant natural antigen in mammalian red meat, might play a potential role in the pathogenesis of AS, and therefore, AS patients should exclude such allergenic foods, including beef, crab and pork, from their daily diet.
Multi-b value diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion modeling
Authors: Liao Cheng-cheng , Qin Yun-ying , Tang Qi , Tan Xiao-hong , Ke Qing , Rong Yan , Zhong Jian-Hong , Li Le-qun , Cen Hong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The diagnostic efficiency of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with different b-values and application of an intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model for differentiating disease states of lymphoma was investigated.
Thirty-six patients at initial diagnosis and 69 after chemotherapy underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) with multiple b-values. Analysis parameters included the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for each b-value. Standard ADC, D, D∗, and f were calculated using an IVIM model.
For patients at initial diagnosis, compared with aggressive lymphomas, the benign lymph nodes exhibited higher mean ADC (2.34 vs 0.66 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < .01) for b = 200 s/mm2. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and the cutoff value were 0.992, 96%, 100%, and 1.09 ×10−3 mm2/s, respectively. For patients who had finished chemotherapy, the f-values of IVIM for those with partial remission (PR) were higher than those of complete remission (CR) (56.22 vs 21.81%, P < .01). The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and the cutoff value were 0.937, 94%, 82%, 42.10%, respectively.
For b = 200 s/mm2, ADC values are most helpful for characterizing benign lymph nodes and malignant lymphomas. The f-value of the IVIM is most valuable in the identification of residual lesions of lymphomas after chemotherapy.
Risk of malignancies among asymptomatic postmenopausal women with thickened endometrium
Authors: Li Zhe , Li Lei 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The risk of malignancies and related factors among asymptomatic postmenopausal women with thickened endometrium in transvaginal sonography (TVS) are unclear.
In this longitudinal study at a tertiary teaching hospital, all medical records of hysteroscopy were searched and retrospectively reviewed according to age, TVS results and diseases coded as International Classification of Diseases version 10. Asymptomatic postmenopausal women with endometrial thickness ≥5 mm from January 2006 to January 2016 were included. A follow-up was provided up to January 2017.
Four hundred eighty-eight patients were included with a median endometrial thickness of 8 mm (range 5–30) in TVS. The most common pathologic findings were polyps (51.0%) and normal endometrium (34.2%). Fifteen (3.1%) and 10 cases (2.0%) had endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) and carcinoma. Patients with carcinoma had significantly more abnormal serum CA125, thicker endometrium, and more lesions with positive Doppler flow signals. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, endometrial thickness of 12 mm had the best predictive ability for malignancies. In multivariate analysis, endometrial lesion with positive Doppler flow signals in TVS was the only independent factor for EIN/carcinoma (odds ratio [OR] 8.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–45.1) and for carcinoma (OR 16.0, 95% CI 1.3–192.8). After a median follow-up of 45 months, carcinoma occurred in 1 of 35 (2.8%) women with repeated thickened endometrium.
Among asymptomatic postmenopausal women with thickened endometrium, the risk of EIN and malignancy was minimal but worth of long-term follow-up. Endometrial lesions with positive Doppler flow signals in TVS suggested a high risk of malignancy.
Improving the Patient Experience and Decreasing Patient Anxiety With Nursing Bedside Report
Authors: Baldwin Kathleen M. , Spears Mary Joy 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:
The study’s purpose was to explore the patient experience in an intervention group participating in nursing bedside report and the control group not participating.

Design:
This descriptive, observational study had 3 objectives: (1) to measure baseline anxiety on admission to the hospital using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, (2) to describe patient self-reported anxiety and patient experiences during hospitalization, and (3) to evaluate the opinions by the intervention group about participating in nursing bedside report.

Methods:
This mixed-methods study included quantitative and qualitative data. Three data collection tools were used: a demographic data tool, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and daily journal entries. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data using content analysis.

Results:
There were no differences in baseline anxiety scores between patient groups. Anxiety levels decreased during hospitalization. About 73% of patients completed their journals. Themes that emerged were patients’ perceptions of care, patient engagement, communication, and teamwork.

Conclusions:
Journal responses showed communication played a significant role in patients’ perceptions of their patient experience. Because patients exhibited different baseline anxiety levels, assessing anxiety level on admission may help nurses develop plans of care that improve the patient experience. Further study is needed about the patient experience.
Survival After Minimally Invasive Radical Hysterectomy for Early-stage Cervical Cancer
Authors: Melamed Alexander , Margul Daniel J. , Chen Ling , Keating Nancy L. , del Carmen Marcela G. , Yang Junhua , Seagle Brandon-Luke L. , Alexander Amy , Barber Emma L. , Rice Laurel W. , Wright Jason D. , Kocherginsky Masha , Shahabi Shohreh , Rauh-Hain J. Alejandro 
Published: February 2019

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2018;379:1905–1914)
Women diagnosed with early-stage cervical cancer often undergo frontline radical hysterectomy, which has been associated with a cure rate of greater than 80% in stage IA2 and IB1 disease. Radical hysterectomy has been traditionally performed as open surgery.
A Systematic Analysis of Online Marketing Materials Used by Providers of Expanded Carrier Screening
Authors: Chokoshvili Davit , Borry Pascal , Vears Danya F. 
Published: February 2019

(Abstracted from Genet Med 2018;20:976–984)
Carrier screening aims to identify prospective parents at risk of having a child with a monogenic disorder. Carrier screening is primarily performed for recessive genetic disorders, for which carriers are said to be individuals who have (or carry) 1 mutated copy of the gene associated with a recessive disorder and 1 normal copy.
Targeted enhancement of flotillin-dependent endocytosis augments cellular uptake and impact of cytotoxic drugs
Authors: Fekri Farnaz , Abousawan John , Bautista Stephen , Dayam Roya M. , Antonescu Costin N. , Karshafian Raffi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTCellular uptake is limiting for the efficacy of many cytotoxic drugs used to treat cancer. Identifying endocytic mechanisms that can be modulated with targeted, clinically-relevant interventions is important to enhance the efficacy of various cancer drugs. We identify that flotillin-dependent endocytosis can be targeted and upregulated by ultrasound and microbubble (USMB) treatments to enhance uptake and efficacy of cancer drugs such as cisplatin. USMB involves targeted ultrasound following administration of encapsulated microbubbles, used clinically for enhanced ultrasound image contrast. USMB treatments robustly enhanced internalization of the molecular scaffold protein flotillin, as well as flotillin-dependent fluid-phase internalization, a phenomenon dependent on the protein palmitoyltransferase DHHC5 and the Src-family kinase Fyn. USMB treatment enhanced DNA damage and cell killing elicited by the cytotoxic agent cisplatin in a flotillin-dependent manner. Thus, flotillin-dependent endocytosis can be modulated by clinically-relevant USMB treatments to enhance drug uptake and efficacy, revealing an important new strategy for targeted drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Prediction of prospective leaf morphology in lettuce based on intracellular chloroplast position
Authors: Hikawa Mio , Nishizawa Kazuyo , Kodama Yutaka 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn the accumulation response, chloroplasts move toward weak blue light, staying at positions along the periclinal cell wall. By contrast, in the avoidance response, chloroplasts move away from strong blue light, escaping to positions along the anticlinal cell wall. The accumulation response maximizes light capture and the avoidance response reduces photodamage. The intracellular positioning of chloroplasts is important for optimizing photosynthesis and may have common signals with the regulators that determine leaf morphology, another factor that affects photosynthesis. Here, we propose that intracellular chloroplast position can be used to predict prospective leaf morphology in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). To test this, we induced the accumulation or avoidance response in lettuce cells through exposure to the appropriate strength of blue light and observed the growth of the plants. Our results indicated that leaf area increased in response to weak blue light inducing the accumulation response, and leaf thickness increased in response to strong blue light inducing the avoidance response.