bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Perception and Satisfaction With Insulin Pump System: Pilot User Experience Survey
Authors: Grando Maria Adela , Bayuk Mike , Karway George , Corrette Krystal , Groat Danielle , Cook Curtiss B. , Thompson Bithika 
Published: May 2019

Background: The goal of this study was to assess patient perspectives and satisfaction with the MiniMed 670G insulin pump. Those participants who used the pump as part of a hybrid closed loop were also asked to provide their views on the automatic feature (auto mode). Methods: Adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus using the Medtronic™ 670G pump were asked about their experience with the device using a semi-structured survey developed by the research team. Responses were quantified to identify emergent themes. Results: Seventeen participants used the pump as part of a hybrid closed loop system, while four participants used the pump in combination with a nonintegrated continuous glucose monitoring system. Overall, participants indicated a high level of satisfaction with the pump (14/21) mostly because of improvements in blood glucose (BG) control (15/21). Least liked features were physical design and structure (6/21), frequency of user input (5/21), alert frequency (4/21), and difficulty of use (3/21). Those using the hybrid closed loop were satisfied with the auto mode feature (11/17), mostly because of improvements in BG control (9/17). The least liked features of the auto mode technology were that blood glucose levels remained elevated (5/17) and the frequency of alerts (4/17). Conclusion: Participants indicated a high level of satisfaction with the pump and its auto mode featured mostly because of improvements in BG control. They also pointed out some key aspects of the device that are of potential clinical or commercial relevance. Additional research is needed to further evaluate users' perspectives on this new device.
Guided Imagery Council: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effects of a Novel Group-Based Lifestyle Intervention in Predominantly Latino Adolescents
Authors: Weigensberg Marc J , Provisor Joseph , Spruijt-Metz Donna , Lane Christianne J , Florindez Daniella , Wen Cheng , Perdomo Marisa , Goodman Kim 
Published: May 2019

Background The combination of higher stress and higher obesity rates suggests that Latino youth in the United States may be a population at particular risk for obesity-related adverse health outcomes. The objective of this article is to describe the feasibility, acceptability, and quantitative stress-related outcomes of a 6-week pilot lifestyle intervention using guided imagery (GI) council in order to reduce risk factors for obesity-related disease. Methods Seventeen urban, adolescents (12 females/5 males, 16 Latino, age 17 ± 1 years, grades 9–12, body mass index 22 ± 4) participated in the 6-week, after-school pilot intervention. The intervention consisted of three, 75-minute after-school sessions delivered weekly for 6 weeks. The 3 weekly sessions included 1 session each of nutrition education, physical activity education and practice, and GI delivered in council, a facilitated group process based on indigenous practices. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed by attendance and qualitative exit interview. Stress outcomes included salivary cortisol and perceived stress. Results The pilot intervention was found to be feasible to deliver in an after-school setting. The GI and council group format were well liked. A 31% reduction in salivary cortisol was observed following the stress-reduction GI sessions. Diurnal cortisol patterns did not change across the intervention, but change in perceived stress was correlated with change in cortisol awakening response. Conclusions The intervention was feasible to deliver and highly acceptable. Acute reduction in salivary cortisol was seen following group GI, while no change was seen in daily cortisol patterns. These results support the development of a full 12-week intervention using GI council to reduce obesity-related disease risk.
Return to Sport After the Surgical Treatment of Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior Tears: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abdul-Rassoul Hussein , Defazio Matthew , Curry Emily J. , Galvin Joseph W. , Li Xinning 
Published: May 2019

Background: Controversy exists as to the optimal treatment of superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears in athletes. There are no systematic reviews evaluating return-to-sport (RTS) rates after arthroscopic SLAP repair and biceps tenodesis. Purpose: To compare the overall RTS rates in patients with primary type 2 SLAP tears who were managed with arthroscopic SLAP repair versus biceps tenodesis. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A review was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines by searching the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies that evaluated RTS rates after arthroscopic SLAP repair, arthroscopic SLAP repair with partial rotator cuff debridement, and biceps tenodesis. The studies were analyzed for quality and inclusion in the final analysis. Data relevant to RTS rates were then extracted and compiled, and outcomes were compared. Results: Of the 337 studies initially identified, 15 (501 patient-athletes) met inclusion criteria. These consisted of 195 patients who underwent isolated arthroscopic SLAP repair (mean age, 31 years; mean follow-up, 3.2 years), 222 patients who underwent arthroscopic SLAP repair with partial rotator cuff debridement (mean age, 22 years; mean follow-up, 5.1 years), and 84 patients who underwent biceps tenodesis (mean age, 42 years; mean follow-up, 3.3 years). The overall RTS rates were high for all 3 procedures (SLAP repair, 79.5%; SLAP repair with rotator cuff debridement, 76.6%; biceps tenodesis, 84.5%), with biceps tenodesis having the highest overall rate. Biceps tenodesis also had the highest RTS rate at the preinjury level (78.6%) compared with SLAP repair (63.6%) and SLAP repair with rotator cuff debridement (66.7%). Conclusion: Primary arthroscopic SLAP repair, arthroscopic SLAP repair with partial rotator cuff debridement, and biceps tenodesis all provide high RTS rates. Biceps tenodesis as an operative treatment of primary SLAP lesions may demonstrate an overall higher RTS rate when compared with traditional SLAP repair in older athletes. More, higher level studies are needed that control for age, level of activity, and type of sport (overhead vs nonoverhead) to determine the efficacy of biceps tenodesis as a primary alternative to arthroscopic SLAP repair in young athletes who present with type 2 SLAP tears.
Likelihood of Injury and Medical Care Between CrossFit and Traditional Weightlifting Participants
Authors: Elkin Joshua L. , Kammerman Jacob S. , Kunselman Allen R. , Gallo Robert A. 
Published: May 2019

Background: CrossFit is a popular weightlifting sport, with participants who report significant improvements in physical health; however, others argue that CrossFit exposes participants to an increased risk and severity of injury. We address this through a retrospective cohort study. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the likelihood of self-reported injury and severity in CrossFit and traditional weightlifting in the previous 2 years. We hypothesized that CrossFit participants would have a higher 2-year likelihood of injury and medical care compared with a traditional weightlifting cohort. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Anonymous volunteers who participated regularly in CrossFit or traditional weightlifting routines completed a 15-question survey that queried workout routine, injury history, and medical care due to a weightlifting injury. Inclusion criteria included those older than 18 years who were active participants in CrossFit and weightlifting. Unpaired t-test analyses were conducted to compare means of continuous data between participants in CrossFit and traditional weightlifting. A multivariant logistic regression model was used to assess the association of training routine, sex, and age with those sustaining at least 1 injury within the past 2 years. Results: A total of 411 participants (122 CrossFit; 289 traditional weightlifting) completed the questionnaire. Those following a CrossFit routine were 1.30 times more likely to be injured (95% CI, 1.075-1.57; P = .0067) and 1.86 times more likely to seek medical attention (95% CI, 1.40-2.48; P < .0001). In a multivariant logistic regression analysis adjusting for sex and age, injury was 2.26 times more likely in the CrossFit group (95% CI, 1.42-3.62; P = .0010). In both groups, shoulder injuries were most common (46.41%), followed by lower back (38.28%) and hip injuries (9.09%). Conclusion: Athletes participating in CrossFit are more likely to be injured and to seek medical treatment compared with participants in traditional weightlifting. Despite these findings, the increased likelihood of injury may have less to do with the exercises involved with CrossFit and more related to the intensity with which the exercises are performed, and thus increased awareness is needed to prevent further injuries.
Predicting Persistent Orofacial Pain: The Role of Illness Perceptions, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Penlington C. , Araújo-Soares V. , Durham J. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Persistent orofacial pain (POFP) can be caused by a range of conditions affecting the mouth and face and is often associated with significant disability. Biopsychosocial factors are known to be important predictors and have not yet been fully explored in this population. Objectives: This study aimed to explore whether illness perceptions and psychological distress (anxiety and depression) could predict long-term outcome in a community-based sample of patients receiving routine care for POFP. Methods: A longitudinal cohort design study assessed 198 patients recruited from primary or secondary health care settings on 5 separate occasions over a 2-y period. Outcome was measured by the Graded Chronic Pain Scale and dichotomized into good or poor outcome categories. Independent variables included subscale scores of the psychometrically shortened Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire–4 (PHQ-4, assessing anxiety and depressive symptomatology). Logistic regressions were performed to test whether scores on each subscale would be associated with different outcomes for patients at 12 and 24 mo and overall. Results: Beliefs about consequences predicted outcome category (good vs. poor) above and beyond other illness perception subscales, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology (z = 3.78; P < 0.000; odds ratio [OR], 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–5.43). Both depressive symptomatology, measured by the PHQ-2 (P = 0.001; OR, 4.06; 95% CI, 1.74–9.52), and psychological distress (mixed anxiety and depression; P = 0.029; OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.12–7.41), measured by the PHQ-4, were also predictive of poor outcome, but these effects were no longer significant once measures of illness perceptions were added. Conclusion: Beliefs about the consequences of POFP are important predictors of outcome independent of other variables and can easily and briefly be included in assessments to inform management decisions. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study are relevant because they will allow clinicians to consider the use of brief and easy-to-administer self-report measures to identify POFP patients at higher risk of poor outcome so that management can be planned accordingly.
Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis With a Lateralized Glenosphere: Early Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study Stratified by Diagnosis
Authors: Hasan Samer S , Levy Jonathan C , Leitze Zachary R , Kumar Avinash G , Harter Gary D , Krupp Ryan J 
Published: May 2019

Background We report here on the results, stratified by diagnosis, of a multicenter prospective study by surgeons unaffiliated with the design team of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) performed using a lateralized glenosphere. We hypothesized that outcomes would be comparable to those reported previously.Methods: A total of 245 patients underwent RSA for cuff tear arthropathy or glenohumeral arthritis with rotator cuff tear, rotator cuff tear with instability or escape and without glenohumeral arthritis, or failed shoulder arthroplasty. Clinical, radiographic, and self-assessed outcome measures were obtained preoperatively and at standardized time points postoperatively. At 2 years, 173 patients were available as 23 patients were deceased, 12 had undergone revision, and 37 were unavailable.Results: Range of motion and outcomes improved, irrespective of diagnosis. Active forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation improved (73°–127°, 65°–109°, and 24°–37°, respectively, P < .0001 for all). Simple Shoulder Test (3.2–8.5) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores (45–86) also improved. Scapular notching occurred in 13.3%; scapular spine/acromial fractures in 6.5%. Patients undergoing revision shoulder arthroplasty improved more modestly.Conclusion: In this multicenter study, surgeons unaffiliated with the design team obtained clinical improvements comparable to those reported previously and that exceeded minimal clinically important differences for RSA. Improvements in external rotation and low scapular notching rates potentially relate to the lateralized design.
Kandinsky’s fragile art: a multidisciplinary investigation of four early reverse glass paintings (1911–1914) by Wassily Kandinsky
Authors: Steger Simon , Oesterle Diana , Bretz Simone , Frenzel Lisa , Stege Heike , Winkelmeyer Iris , Hahn Oliver , Geiger Gisela 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This work highlights the rediscovery of the technique of reverse glass painting by the artists of the “Blaue Reiter” collective in the early 20th-century and focusses particularly on the role of Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944). Kandinsky created more than 70 reverse paintings on glass and showed several of them in exhibitions together with paintings on canvas and cardboard, implying a coequal importance of these techniques. Four of his early (1911–1914) reverse glass paintings (Auferstehung, Allerheiligen II, Rudern, Apokalyptischer Reiter II) were selected for investigation and their iconography, painting techniques and painting materials were examined. Two paintings were executed on so-called cathedral glass, revealing a “hammered surface”, whereas Kandinsky used a corrugated glass panel for Rudern. A multi-analytical, non-invasive approach [X-ray fluorescence (XRF), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), VIS spectroscopy (VIS), Raman spectroscopy] was taken to identify the pigments and classify the binding media. The results reveal a broad palette of materials. Several pigments like lead white, zinc white, strontium yellow, Prussian blue, viridian, cadmium yellow, ultramarine blue, cinnabar and carbon black were found in most of the four paintings. The use of the rare synthetic organic pigments PR60 and PB52 is discussed. In two works of art, cadmium carbonate is associated with cadmium yellow. The identification of aluminium foil along with tin foils in Rudern indicates an early use of this material for reverse glass paintings.
Brief screening instrument for post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Brewin Chris R. , Rose Suzanna , Andrews Bernice , Green John , Tata Philip , McEvedy Chris , Turner Stuart , Foa Edna B. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundBrief screening instruments appear to be a viable way of detecting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but none has yet been adequately validated.AimsTo test and cross-validate a brief instrumentthat is simple to administer and score.MethodForty-one survivors of a rai l crash were administered a questionnaire, followed by a structured clinical interview 1 week later.ResultsExcellent prediction of a PTSD diagnosis was provided by respondents endorsing at least six re-experiencing or arousal symptoms, in any combination. The findings were replicated on data from a previous study of 157 crime victims.ConclusionsPerformance of the new measure was equivalent to agreement achieved between two full clinical interviews.
High-Normal Adolescent Fasting Plasma Glucose Is Associated With Poorer Midlife Brain Health: Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Carmichael Owen , Stuchlik Patrick , Pillai Sreekrishna , Biessels Geert-Jan , Dhullipudi Ram , Madden-Rusnak Anna , Martin Shane , Hsia Daniel S , Fonseca Vivian , Bazzano Lydia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Context
It is unclear how adolescent glycemic status relates to brain health in adulthood.

Objective
To assess the association between adolescent fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and MRI-based brain measures in midlife.

Design
Between 1973 and 1992, the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) collected FPG from children, 3 to 18 years old, and followed up between 1992 and 2018. Cognitive tests and brain MRI were collected in 2013 to 2016 and 2018.

Setting
Observational longitudinal cohort study.

Participants
Of 1298 contacted BHS participants, 74 completed screening, and 50 completed MRI.

Main Outcome Measures
Mean FPG per participant at ages <20, 20 to 40, and over 40 years old; brain white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, gray matter volume, and functional MRI (fMRI) activation to a Stroop task; tests of logical and working memory, executive function, and semantic fluency.

Results
At MRI, participants were middle aged (51.3 ± 4.4 years) and predominantly female (74%) and white (74%). Mean FPG was impaired for zero, two, and nine participants in pre-20, 20 to 40, and over-40 periods. The pre-20 mean FPG above the pre-20 median value (i.e., above 83.5 mg/dL) was associated with greater WMH volume [mean difference: 0.029% of total cranial volume, CI: (0.0059, 0.052), P = 0.015] and less fMRI activation [−1.41 units (−2.78, −0.05), P = 0.043] on midlife MRI compared with below-median mean FPG. In controlling for over-40 mean FPG status did not substantially modify the associations. Cognitive scores did not differ by pre-20 mean FPG.

Conclusions
High-normal adolescent FPG may be associated with preclinical brain changes in midlife.
Latent Autonomous Cortisol Secretion From Apparently Nonfunctioning Adrenal Tumor in Nonlateralized Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Ohno Youichi , Sone Masakatsu , Inagaki Nobuya , Takeda Yoshiyu , Kurihara Isao , Tsuiki Mika , Ichijo Takamasa , Wada Norio , Katabami Takuyuki , Ogawa Yoshihiro , Okamura Shintaro , Fukuoka Tomikazu , Kai Tatsuya , Izawa Shoichiro , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Hashimoto Shigeatsu , Yamada Masanobu , Chiba Yoshiro , Naruse Mitsuhide ,   JPAS/JRAS Study Group
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Context
Adrenal tumors (ATs), even those diagnosed as nonfunctioning, may cause metabolic disorders. Some primary aldosteronism (PA) patients with ATs are diagnosed with bilateral PA based on adrenal venous sampling (AVS), and their ATs are apparently nonfunctioning.

Objective
To clarify the influence of apparently nonfunctioning ATs, we compared hormone levels and clinical complications between bilateral PA cases with and without ATs.

Design, setting, and participants
After retrospectively assessing 2814 patients with PA in the multicenter Japan PA study, bilateral PA cases on AVS were divided into cases with and without ATs by computed tomography findings. Importantly, patients with cortisol levels >1.8 µg/dL after the 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) were excluded. Clinical characteristics and biochemical data were compared between them. The correlation between AT size and hormone levels was also analyzed.

Main outcome measures
Analyzed were 196 bilateral PA patients with ATs and 331 those without ATs. Although basal cortisol and aldosterone levels were similar between them, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and the prevalences of diabetes mellitus and proteinuria were significantly higher and ACTH levels and plasma renin activity were significantly lower in cases with ATs than in those without. After adjusting for patients’ backgrounds, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and plasma renin activity remained significantly different between them. Moreover, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and ACTH levels correlated with AT size.

Conclusions
Apparently nonfunctioning ATs in bilateral PA cases may cause latent autonomous cortisol secretion, inducing diabetes and proteinuria.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does Not Offset Adiposity-Related Systemic Inflammation in Physically Active Older Women
Authors: Bergens Oscar , Nilsson Andreas , Kadi Fawzi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractContextChronic inflammation increases diabetes risk and may be exacerbated by excess adipose tissue. Whether cardiovascular fitness can offset chronic inflammation associated with excess adipose tissue in older adults is unclear.ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on links between adiposity and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional study comprising older community-dwelling women (n = 109; age, 65 to 70 years).Main OutcomeCardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a standardized submaximal test and participants were categorized into high- and low-adiposity–related metabolic risk [body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and total fat mass]. The inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, adiponectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α were analyzed.ResultsRegardless of adiposity measure, women in the metabolic high-risk group had substantially elevated (P < 0.05) CRP and lower adiponectin levels. Levels of IL-6 and MIP1-α were elevated in the high-risk group defined by WHR and total fat mass. The IL-18 level was elevated in the high-risk group based on WHR only. Importantly, a high cardiorespiratory fitness level did not attenuate the detrimental links between adiposity measures and inflammation.ConclusionsCardiorespiratory fitness does not offset the detrimental links between adiposity and several inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women. Reducing abdominal adipose tissue in older adults should be emphasized in efforts aiming to attenuate age-related systemic inflammation and metabolic risk regardless of cardiorespiratory fitness.
Low Stroke Volume during Exercise with Hot Skin Is Due to Elevated Heart Rate
Authors: CHOU TING-HENG , AKINS JOHN D. , CRAWFORD CHARLES K. , ALLEN JAKOB R. , COYLE EDWARD F. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIt is well known that hyperthermia lowers stroke volume (SV) during moderate-intensity prolonged exercise, yet the underlying mechanism is inconclusive, especially when skin temperature (Tsk) is hot (≥38°C).PurposeIn the present study, HR was independently lowered by a low dose of β1-blockade (βB) to investigate its effect on SV during exercise when skin is hot. The effect of rapid skin cooling on reversing cardiovascular responses was also examined.MethodsNine men cycled at 62% V˙O2peakwearing a water-perfused suit for 20 min during three conditions: (a) moderate Tsk (~33°C) (MOD), (b) hot Tsk (~38°C) (HOT), and (c) hot Tsk (38°C) with βB (HOT-βB). Skin temperature was then rapidly cooled at 20 min in all trials by cold water (0°C–2°C) perfusion while subjects continued cycling for another 20 min.ResultsWhen HR was lowered during HOT-βB (152 ± 4 bpm) to the same level as MOD (150 ± 4 bpm;P= 0.30), SV in HOT-βB (132 ± 8 mL) was also restored to the same level as MOD (129 ± 7 mL,P= 0.37) even with a significantly higher cutaneous blood flow (CBF) and lower mean arterial blood pressure. When Tsk was rapidly cooled, cardiac output, HR, and CBF significantly decreased while SV remained lower in HOT. Forearm venous volume was not different between trials during heating and cooling.ConclusionsThe increase in HR rather than an increase in CBF or forearm venous volume was responsible for the decrease in SV during moderate-intensity exercise when Tsk was held at 38°C.