bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Η επίδραση της έκθεσης σε εικόνες προτύπων ελκυστικών ανθρώπων στην εικόνα σώματος των μεσηλίκων
Authors: Παράσχου Στεργιανή , Μωραΐτου Δέσποινα 
Published: October 2019

Στόχος της μελέτης ήταν να εξετάσει πώς τα άτομα της Μέσης Ηλικίας αντιλαμβάνονται την Εικόνα Σώματός τους. Το δείγμα αποτελούνταν από 20 άτομα και των δύο φύλων, ισοκατανεμημένα σε δύο ομάδες, πειραματική και ελέγχου. Η πειραματική εκτέθηκε σε εικονικά ερεθίσματα που απεικόνιζαν ελκυστικούς κατά τα ιδανικά πρότυπα της εποχής ανθρώπους, τους οποίους παρουσιάζουν τα Μ.Μ.Ε. Η ομάδα ελέγχου εκτέθηκε σε ελκυστικούς -αλλά όχι σύμφωνα με τα ιδανικά πρότυπα της εποχής- ανθρώπους της «καθημερινής ζωής». Σε όλους τους συμμετέχοντες χορηγήθηκαν ερωτηματολόγια πριν και μετά την έκθεσή τους στις εικόνες, τα οποία μετρούσαν την αυτοεκτίμηση και την τρέχουσα συνολική εικόνα για το σώμα τους. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως οι μεσήλικες επηρεάζονται αρνητικά ως προς την ικανοποίηση από την εικόνα σώματός τους, μετά την έκθεσή τους σε εικόνες ελκυστικών ατόμων, ανεξαρτήτως αν το περιεχόμενό τους συμφωνεί με τα ιδανικά πρότυπα της εποχής ή όχι. Ωστόσο, η αυτοεκτίμηση επηρεάστηκε αρνητικά μόνο για τα άτομα που εκτέθηκαν σε εικόνες που προβάλλουν τα ιδανικά πρότυπα της εποχής. Αντιθέτως, στην περίπτωση της έκθεσης σε εικόνες «καθημερινών» ελκυστικών ατόμων, η αυτοεκτίμηση ανέβηκε.
Τα συνωνυμικά ζεύγη της Νέας Ελληνικής και η συστηματική αξιοποίησή τους για τον εμπλουτισμό του λεξιλογίου των μαθητών
Authors: Τσιτσανούδη Μαλλίδη Νικολέττα , Μήτση Αντωνία 
Published: October 2019

Η νέα ελληνική γλώσσα εμφανίζει μια σειρά ιδιαίτερων χαρακτηριστικών που οφείλονται τόσο στη μεγάλη ιστορική της διαδρομή όσο και σε μια σειρά κοινωνικών εξελίξεων και ειδικών συνθηκών που συνέβαλαν στη συντηρητική της φύση, γεγονός που είναι ιδιαίτερα εμφανές στον λεξιλογικό τομέα, όπου η συγχρονία συμπλέκεται οργανικά με μια σειρά στοιχείων διαχρονικής μορφής τα οποία μάλιστα είναι σε μεγάλο βαθμό λειτουργικά και παραγωγικά. Οι διαπιστώσεις αυτές, σύμφωνα άλλωστε και με τις απόψεις πολλών ειδικών, επιβάλλουν για τους μαθητές του δημοτικού σχολείου μια πρώτη επαφή με τη διαχρονία της γλώσσας σε λεξιλογικό επίπεδο, διαδικασία η οποία θα εντάσσεται στη συγχρονική εξέταση και λειτουργία της γλώσσας. Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζουμε τα αποτελέσματα μιας πειραματικής διδασκαλίας που έγινε σε μαθητές της Γ΄ Δημοτικού και είχε ως στόχο τη δημιουργική εκμετάλλευση συνωνυμικών ζευγών του τύπου λαϊκό-λόγιο.
Occupational therapy outcomes in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Jackson Amelia 
Published: October 2019

People living with this degenerative condition can benefit greatly from occupation therapy, explains Amelia Jackson. This therapy needs to be embedded in the treatment approach for all patients living with this condition, and practice nurses are well placed to direct care This article considers whether occupational therapy can improve the treatment experience and quality of life for patients living with Parkinson's disease. It also discusses whether occupational therapy has a direct correlation with improved treatment outcomes. This article will examine how this treatment should be provided and what treatment provision is available. Published literature was used to gain evidence and the findings were that integrated occupational therapy can improve both quality of life and treatment outcomes with this patient population. This article emphasises the need for occupational therapy to be embedded in the treatment approach to address non-motor symptoms which have the greatest impact on patient-reported reduced quality of life.
FGM: raising awareness in community-based health practice
Authors: Bagness Carmel 
Published: October 2019

FGM occurs in the UK, therefore every health professional working with women must be aware of this illegal practice and the effects it has on survivors. Carmel Bagness explains how professional curiosity and cultural competence are necessary skills Female genital mutilation (FGM) causes major challenges for many girls and women wishing to live a normal and fulfilled life. The physical, psychological and/or psychosexual damage can adversely impact their ability to live a healthy life. Health professionals have an important role to play in caring for girls and women who have experienced FGM. Exercising their professional curiosity and cultural competence can help to eradicate this violation of human rights that many girls and women continue to experience across the UK.
Resistance documentaries in post-apartheid South Africa: Dear Mandela (Kell and Nizza, 2012) and Miners Shot Down (Desai, 2014)
Authors: Moyer-Duncan Cara 
Published: October 2019

During apartheid, a documentary film movement emerged, capturing ordinary people taking on the oppressive government and the exploitative capitalist industry. People were shown at work and in their communities organizing strikes, protesting against repression, and being subjected to violence. This grassroots film movement, which has been described as a cinema of resistance, served as a tool to educate viewers, document violence and inequality, and mobilize support against the apartheid regime. Two decades after the end of apartheid, a similar set of resistance films has begun to emerge – with the difference that these films are holding the democratically elected government accountable. These documentaries give voice to the disenfranchised masses for whom the multiracial democracy has not brought substantial change. The African National Congress-led government has sanctioned actions echoing those that occurred under apartheid, including forced removals and the massacre of protestors.
Two films, Dear Mandela (Kell and Nizza, 2012) and Miners Shot Down (Desai, 2014), capture this and are indicative of a new wave of resistance documentaries.
Reviews
Authors: Dovey Lindiwe , Frassinelli Pier Paolo 
Published: October 2019

Gaze Regimes: Film and Feminisms in Africa, Jyoti Mistry and Antje Schuhmann (eds) (2015) Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 264 pp., ISBN-10 186-8-14856-4, p/bk, $26.87
Contemporary Cinema of Africa and the Diaspora, Anjali Prabhu (2014) Malden, MA and Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-40519-303-0, 261 pp., p/bk, $40.95
Ballardian strategies in Blow-Up
Authors: Stevenson Simon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This film shares a fascination with the pornography of abstraction that characterizes the 'condensed novels' of J. G. Ballard's The Atrocity Exhibition (1970). Read together, what could be said about a structuralist erotics, the latent content of medical demonstrations, the libidinal economies of the inorganic, the quantifying function of the blow-up?
SELEKSI BERBANTUKAN MARKA MOLEKULER UNTUK PEMBENTUKAN CALON VARIETAS PADI TURUNAN ESENSIAL SITU PATENGGANG
Authors: Yuriyah Siti , Utami Dwinita Wikan , Nurani Siti , Nasution Anggiani , Lestari Puji , Dadang Ahmad , Suwarno Suwarno 
Published: October 2019

The utilization of molecular marker technology for Blast (Pyricularia grisea) resistance in rice breeding could accelerate and improve the precision of selection. This study aimed to identify and to select the BC3F2 progenies from Situ Patenggang and the opted Blast Monogenic Lines based on their resistance to blast disease in green house and field using molecular characterization. A total of 200-300 BC3F2 population strains resulted in 4 crosses between Situ Patenggang varieties and Monogenic Varieties IRBLta2-Re, IRBLkp-k60, IRBLi-F5 and IRBLa-A were used as total genetic material in the study. Blast resistance assay was initially carried out in a greenhouse and further selection was conducted in the endemic blast area, Sukabumi. The selected Molecular marker was STS (Sequence Taq Sites) marker for foreground selection and 384-SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) chip for background selection. The number of lines from each cross was selected by greenhouse assay i.e: 25 lines derived from Situ Patenggang/IRBLta and Situ Patenggang/IRBLkp, 21 plants for crossing Situ Patenggang/IRBLi, and 22 plants for Situ Patenggang/IRBLa-A. The results of field experiment revealed that blast resistance response of the selected lines was varied from 0 to 5. Lines of foreground were successfully selected using STS markers specified for Pii, Pita, Pikp and Pia genes. As for the background selection by SNPs markers, some lines carried the recurrent parent genetic background, Situ Patenggang. Overall, 20 resistance lines that harbored the target genes and Situ Patenggang background were obtained. Further observation was entailed to these twenty selected lines in order to attain promising lines candidate for blast resistance.
9 Predictors of Hospital Transfer and Associated Risks of Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Badal Bryan D. , Kruger Andrew , Hinton Alice , Lara Luis , Papachristou George , Conwell Darwin , Krishna Somashekar 
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:
There is limited data available on which patients are most likely to be transferred to tertiary acute care hospitals and their outcomes in acute pancreatitis (AP). We sought to determine predictors of hospital transfer in AP from small/medium sized hospitals to other acute care hospitals and determine if those patients incur higher rates of mortality.

METHODS:
Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2011–2013, age ≥18 years), patients hospitalized with AP were identified. Baseline demographic and hospital characteristics, etiology, related procedures, transfer rates, and mortality data were collected. Hospital size was defined by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (Table 1). Patients with pregnancy, pancreatic neoplasms, chronic pancreatitis, and history of bariatric surgery were excluded. Two different multivariate analyses were performed.

RESULTS:
There were 381,818 patients admitted with AP to small/medium sized hospitals where the mortality rate was 0.81% (n: 3,101). The rate of “transfer-out” to acute care hospitals was 4% (n: 13,947). Multivariate analysis for the outcome of “transfer-out” from small/medium to acute care hospitals revealed that older patients (OR for a 5-year increase 1.04; 95% CI 1.03–1.06), men (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.06–1.24), lower income quartiles (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.33–1.59), admission to a non-teaching hospital (OR 3.38; 95% CI 3.00–3.80), gallstone pancreatitis (OR 3.32; 95% CI 2.91–3.79), pancreatic surgery (OR 3.13; 95% CI 1.76–5.56), and severe AP (OR 3.06; 95% CI 2.78–3.37) were independent predictors of transfer. ERCP (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.43–0.66) and cholecystectomy (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.12–0.18) were associated with decreased odds of “transfer-out.” There were 507,439 patients admitted with AP to large hospitals and 6.1% (n: 31,025) were “transferred-in” from other hospitals. The mortality rate among those transferred in was higher than those directly admitted (2.54% vs. 0.91%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors (Table 2), being “transferred-in” from other hospitals was an independent predictor of mortality (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.22–1.77).

CONCLUSION:
Transfer of patients with AP from lower to higher acuity of care adversely impacts mortality. Implementation of published clinical guidelines, early triage and transfer of high-risk patients can potentially offset adverse hospital outcomes.
15 Utilization Patterns of Prophylactic Pancreatic Stents for the Prevention of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A 2018 National Survey Study
Authors: Easler Jeffrey J. , Kandula Sailesh , Cote Gregory A. , Sherman Stuart , Gromski Mark A. , Watkins James L. , Lehman Glen , Fogel Evan L. 
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:
Post ERCP Pancreatitis (PEP) is the most frequent complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Prophylactic pancreatic stents (PPS) and rectal indomethacin (IND) prevent PEP, decrease severity in PEP and are endorsed by GI societies. It is unclear the extent to which these interventions are practiced throughout the United States (US). The impact of such factors as training, experience and practice setting on the use of PPS for PEP prophylaxis is unclear. The aims of our study are to describe utilization patterns and identify factors that impact physician decisions to use PPS for PEP prophylaxis.

METHODS:
A 27-question electronic survey was distributed using a cloud based program (Qualtrics). Questions assessed ERCP training, practice setting, experience, practice patterns and perceptions for PEP prophylaxis interventions. Endoscopists with practices based in the US, listed in the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) member directory received a survey invitation via e-mail. The invitation outlined the study and contained a link with instructions to complete the voluntary survey if they had an active ERCP practice. Data was de-identified for the purposes of analysis.

RESULTS:
Of survey respondents (n = 319/6276), 46% reported therapeutic endoscopy fellowship training and 37% practiced in teaching programs (Table 1). Annualized ERCP volume of >100 cases per year were reported by 47%, with pancreatic ERCP comprising ≤5% of procedures in the majority of respondents (61%). The majority of respondents utilized PPS and 54% reported frequent use (Table 2). The most common indications for PPS were: difficult cannulation, to assist biliary access and multiple pancreatic duct injections. The majority of respondents reported frequent use of IND (89%). Of physicians that do not use PPS, use of IND was the most common reason (80%). Variables associated with frequent use of PPS were therapeutic fellowship training (P = <0.001), practice at a teaching program (P = <0.001), <10 yrs in practice (P = 0.005), higher procedure volume (P = <0.001), higher proportion of pancreatic cases (P = <0.001), and selective use of IND (P = 0.002) (Table 3).

CONCLUSION:
Physicians with higher volume, teaching hospital based ERCP practices and regularly perform pancreatic ERCP are more likely to use PPS. Therapeutic fellowship training and recent entry into practice also associate with PPS utilization. Indomethacin use was prevalent and the most cited reason for electing not to use PPS.
33 Needle-Base Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in the Diagnosis of Pancreas Cyst: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Angsuwatcharakon Phonthep , Cazacu Irina M. , Singh Ben S. , Rerknimitr Rungsun , Kongkam Pradermchai , Bhutani Manoop S. 
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:
EUS-guided needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) provides real-time histology assessments and has been reported as an adjunctive tool that can be performed in the same session as EUS-fine needle aspiration. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the diagnostic performance, success rate, and complications of nCLE in pancreas cysts.

METHODS:
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA-P principles. Literature was systematically searched in February 2019 by two independent investigators in 3 major databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science by using the terms “confocal endomicroscopy” AND “needle” AND “pancreas cyst.” The search was limited to English-written and in vivo human studies. Additionally, investigators manually reviewed the references of the primary identified studies for other eligible articles. The meta-analysis of success rate, complication rate, pooled diagnostic parameters with the respective 95% confidence interval (CI) of nCLE for diagnosis of pancreas cysts were performed.

RESULTS:
Of the 159 initially screened studies, 11 studies had 288 patients with pancreatic cystic lesions enrolled. The estimated overall success rate and adverse event rate with random effects model were 96% (95% CI: 92–95%) and 11% (95% CI: 7.5–16%), respectively. There were 7 studies which included 176 patients that reported the diagnostic parameters of nCLE for diagnosis of mucinous pancreas cyst. The estimated diagnostic odd ratio (DOR) was 50 (95% CI: 18.92–132.16). The estimated area under curve (AUC) was 0.939 (95% CI: 0.89–0.992) and AUC for SROC was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72–0.98). The estimate sensitivity and specificity were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62–0.87) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81–0.96), respectively. The meta-analysis estimated the prevalence rate of mucinous cysts to be 57% (95% CI: 43%–71%). The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 0.91 (range: 0.86–0.95) and 0.72 (range: 0.62, 0.84), respectively. I2 index showed no heterogeneity between studies in success rate, adverse event rate, DOR, and specificity. However, heterogeneity was detected in sensitivity, PPV, and NPV between studies.

CONCLUSION:
nCLE has high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for differentiating mucinous pancreas cyst from the other cystic lesion. However there is an increased adverse rate compared to standard EUS-FNA. Measures and methods to decrease the adverse event rate should be further investigated.
50 Prognostic Factors in Outcomes of Endoscopic Therapy for Biliary Leak Repair
Authors: Vachaparambil Cicily , Chawla Saurabh , Mekaroonkamol Parit 
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:
Despite advances, there is a 3–18% risk of bile leak after hepatobiliary surgery. Sepsis and repeat surgery have up to a 38% mortality rate. Therefore, endoscopic repair is preferred. This study evaluates efficacy of endoscopy and prognostic factors in success.

METHODS:
Of 41 patients who had endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for suspected post-surgery bile leak between 2015–19 at our hospital, 34 met inclusion with confirmed leak. Charts were reviewed for demographics, clinical and surgical parameters, ERCP findings, time to detection, to ERCP, to clinical improvement, and to resolution of bile leak. Success is defined as procedural (stent placement), clinical (improved leak), and resolution (no leak on follow-up). Two-tailed t test and chi square test were used in statistical analysis.

RESULTS:
Most patients were male (82.5%), average age 38, BMI 27, and pre-op CCI 0 (70.6%). 97.1% had emergent surgery and 67.6% had laparotomy; reasons and surgery types are in Table 1. In diagnosis, 70.6% of leaks were detected solely clinically (88% by bile in the JP drain, 21% had abdominal pain, 15% had fever, and 15% in the OR). 2.9% were found only on radiology and 26.5% were noted clinically and in imaging. Average surgery to diagnosis time was 8 days, from diagnosis to ERCP 4 days, to clinical success 8 days, and to confirmed resolution 98 days. 73.5% of leaks were identified at intrahepatic, 23.5% at cystic, and 3% at pancreatic ducts. After first ERCP, 28/34 patients had procedural and 27/34 had clinical success. 7/34 patients required further intervention following ERCP; 6 had CT guided drain and 1 had repeat surgery (Figure 1). 26/34 had confirmed resolution on repeat ERCP, while the other 8 were lost to follow up. 82.4% had no complications after ERCP; main complications were sphincterotomy site bleed, pancreatitis, further biliary injury, and infection. Median length of stay was 23.5 days among all patients.

CONCLUSION:
This study supports endoscopic repair in post-operative bile leak as safe and effective as all patients with follow-up ERCP had resolution. Surgery type and leak size may predict success. Bile leak after hepatic artery embolization/hemostasis (P = 0.024) and large bile leak (P = 0.007) were significantly more likely to need post-ERCP procedure (Table 2). A larger cohort will guide how to optimize care and warrants study.
63 Incidence of Choledocholithiasis and Its Impact on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Cholecystitis: A Nationwide 5-Year Analysis
Authors: Shah Rushikesh , Shah Hardikkumar , Mulki Ramzi , Qayed Emad 
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with acute cholecystitis (AC) often present with laboratory and imaging findings suggestive of choledocholithiasis (CDL). There are no population studies to assess the incidence of CDL and its impact on outcomes in patients with AC. In this nationwide study, we examine the frequency of CDL in patients with acute cholecystitis, and examine the effect of choledocholithiasis on in hospital mortality, costs, and 30-day outcomes.

METHODS:
We analyzed the nationwide readmission database (NRD) from 2010 through 2014. We identified all admissions of adult patients with the principal diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. We compared hospitalizations with acute cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis (AC + CDL), with those with cholecystitis alone (AC group). Bivariate analysis was performed to compare the demographics, characteristics, and in-hospital and 30-day outcomes between the two groups.

RESULTS:
There were total of 552,207 hospitalizations for acute cholecystitis, of which 408,847 (74%) had acute cholecystitis alone (AC group) and 143,360 (26%) had coexistent choledocholithiasis (AC + CDL group). Characteristics of the groups are shown in Table 1. Patients with AC + CDL were more likely males and older than 65 (P < 0.0001). Patients with AC+CDL were more likely to have abnormal liver enzymes (1% vs. 0.7%), cholangitis (4.4% vs. 1.1%), acute pancreatitis (11.6% vs. 7.7%) and septic shock (1.7% vs. 1.1%, all comparisons P < 0.0001). ERCP was performed more commonly in AC + CDL group compared to the AC group (26.7 vs. 3.7%, P < 0.0001). Same admission cholecystectomy was more common in AC group (84% vs 38% P < 0.0001). Patients with AC + CDL had longer length of stay (4.9 vs. 4.1 days, P < 0.0001) and higher hospital costs ($15,966 vs $15,202, P < 0.0001). The AC + CDL group had higher in hospital and 30 day post-discharge mortality (4.5% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.0001) and 30-day readmission (13.6% vs. 8%, P < 0.0001), compared to the AC group.

CONCLUSION:
Approximately one in four patients with acute cholecystitis has coexistent choledocholithiasisPresence of choledocholithiasis in acute cholecystitis patients is associated with increased length of stay, hospitalization costs, in-hospital and 30-day mortality and readmissions. Further studies are needed to develop predictor models to identify coexisting CDL in patients with AC for timely diagnosis and optimizing management aimed at improving outcomes in this high risk subset of patients.