bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of forced‐air warming for preventing perioperative hypothermia and related complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Su Shu‐Fen , Nieh Hsiao‐Chi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundPerioperatively, unexpected hypothermia may cause adverse surgical outcomes. However, few studies have explored the efficacy of forced‐air warming in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.Aim/ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of forced‐air warming for preventing perioperative hypothermia and complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.MethodsA total of 127 participants undergoing laparoscopic thoracic or abdominal surgery were recruited between January and November 2015. Participants were randomly allocated to intervention (forced‐air warming, n = 64) and control groups (passive insulation, n = 63). Oesophageal core temperature was measured during surgery, whilst tympanic core temperature was measured every 30 minutes preoperatively and in the postanaesthesia care unit. Levels of shivering and pain, amount of bleeding, and adverse cardiac events were measured before the transfer from the postanaesthesia care unit. The generalized estimating equation was used for data analysis.ResultsThe intervention group had better warming efficacy than the control group between 90 and 330 minutes during surgery. The intervention group had fewer complications than the control group in terms of intraoperative bleeding, time to rewarm to 36°C, pain levels, and shivering levels in the postanaesthesia care unit.ConclusionForced‐air warming can increase warming efficacy and reduce complications of perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
Effects of Papacarie on children with dental caries in primary teeth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Deng Yuejia , Feng Ge , Hu Bo , Kuang Yunchun , Song Jinlin 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundCaries in primary teeth hinder the child to bite and chew and influence their development. Papacarie has the characteristics of selective removal of decayed tissue and can preserve healthy dentine to the maximum, but its efficiency has not been critically evaluated compared to conventional method.AimThis review is aiming at comparing the Papacarie and traditional method in caries removal in primary dental caries with children.DesignComprehensive literature searching at PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science to January 2018.ResultsSix randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and four prospective controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were included. The microbiota in caries dentine was significantly reduced using the Papacarie treatment (MD = 0.57, 95% CI 0.04 to 1.09, P = 0.03), and the anxiety feeling declined more in the Papacarie group (MD = −1.01, 95% CI −1.72 to −0.30, P < 0.005). There was a greater 200.79 (MD = 200.79, 95%CI 152.50 to 249.09, P < 0.00001) increase in time taken for the Papacarie treatment compared with the conventional method.ConclusionPapacarie exerts a positive effect in reducing the bacteria and decreases the pain during caries removal in primary teeth although it costed a longer treatment time compared with the conventional method.
Lifting wages and conditions of atypical employees in Denmark—the role of social partners and sectoral social dialogue
Authors: Larsen Trine P. , Mailand Mikkel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe article focuses on IR‐institutions and atypical employment in three sectors in Denmark. It demonstrates that industrial cleaning with precariousness being widespread shows most social partner responses followed by construction and then hospitals with fewest responses and problems. Despite these social dialogue initiatives, cross‐sectoral variations of precariousness continue to exist.
Network effects on crowdfunding platforms: Exploring the implications of relaxing input control
Authors: Thies Ferdinand , Wessel Michael , Benlian Alexander 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCrowdfunding has emerged as a viable alternative to venture capital or angel investments in order to raise funds for entrepreneurial initiatives. Despite its growing importance, we still know little about the underlying network effects that drive the evolution and growth of crowdfunding platforms. Specifically, is the evolution and growth primarily driven by a growing number of entrepreneurial projects attracting funders, or do funders primarily attract entrepreneurs, or does a reciprocal relationship exist between the two market sides? We also explore whether and how input control, a common gatekeeping mechanism on platforms, has an impact on the formation of network effects. By analyzing eight years of data on the evolution of Kickstarter, one of the leading reward‐based crowdfunding platforms, we find that network effects are asymmetric. An increasing number of entrepreneurial projects has a strong and significant effect on the installed base of funders (cross‐side network effects) and also attracts other entrepreneurs to the platform (same‐side network effects). However, an increased installed base of funders does not have an effect on the growth of either side of the market. We also find that, under weaker input control, cross‐side network effects and same‐side network effects are weaker and less sustainable. Taken together, our exploratory evidence suggests that the relationship between the market sides on crowdfunding platforms might be less reciprocal than expected, having profound implications for entrepreneurs and providers of crowdfunding platforms.
Living apart (or) together—neighbours’ views and experiences on their relationships with neighbours with and without intellectual disabilities
Authors: Overmars‐Marx Tessa , Pepping Barbara , Thomése Fleur 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundNeighbours play an important role in the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. Neighbouring in general might help understand the social interactions between neighbours with and without intellectual disabilities. Our study focuses on gaining insight into neighbouring patterns and how people with intellectual disabilities fit in them.Method26 interviews were conducted with 29 neighbours of people with intellectual disabilities on their norms and behaviours towards neighbours with and without disabilities.ResultsFour patterns were identified: feeling an outsider, fleeting contacts, individualized neighbourliness and sense of community.DiscussionParticipants perceived neighbours with intellectual disabilities as different: they are difficult to approach and show inappropriate behaviour. The groups shared most general perceptions, but there were differences. The first two groups mostly had fleeting encounters, whereas the last groups seemed more open to communal activities and assisting neighbours. In enhancing social inclusion, staff should be aware of these neighbouring patterns.
Predictors of success and quality of life in people with borderline intelligence: The special school label, personal and social resources
Authors: Szumski Grzegorz , Firkowska‐Mankiewicz Anna , Lebuda Izabela , Karwowski Maciej 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundThis longitudinal study examines the extent to which personal factors (intelligence and health status), social resources (family socioeconomic status, SES), special school placement and being labelled as a pupil with a disability in childhood predict subjective quality of life and objective life success 23 years later.Materials and MethodsThe sample consisted of 49 individuals with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), 21 of whom attended special schools and were labelled as having special educational needs; the remaining 28 attended regular schools and were not labelled in this way.ResultsParental SES predicted both subjective quality of life and objective successes in adult life. As hypothesized, the interaction between parental SES and placement in mainstream schools was associated with success in adulthood.ConclusionWe discuss the results in light of labelling theory. Implications for educational policies and the provision of support for families of children with BIF are also considered.
The curious, context‐dependent case of anger: Explaining voting intentions in three different national elections
Authors: van Zomeren Martijn , Saguy Tamar , Mazzoni Davide , Cicognani Elvira 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCollective action is typically studied in social protest contexts and predicted by different motivations (i.e., ingroup identification and efficacy beliefs, and outgroup‐directed anger). Assuming that voting to some extent reflects a form of collective action, we tested whether these three different motivations predicted voting in Dutch, Israeli, and Italian national election contexts. Based on previous meta‐analyses on voting and collective action, we hypothesized that identification with and efficacy beliefs regarding this party would motivate voting across the different elections (i.e., context‐independent effects). As for anger, we predicted more context‐dependent effects, depending on whether the anger is targeting the previous government or at the political system at large. Results were largely in line with predictions, showing the relatively context‐independent motivational power of party identification and efficacy beliefs, and clearly context‐dependent effects for anger. Specifically, we found little support for a similar motivational power of anger targeting previous government policies, but anger targeting politics in general demotivated Dutch and Israeli participants to vote (interpreted as an expression of political cynicism), while curiously motivating Italian participants to vote (interpreted as a desire for system change from “old” to “new” politics). We discuss these findings in the context of voting in national elections, and recommend further integration of the voting and social protest literatures.
Applying the SIDE model to brainwriting: The impact of intergroup comparison and anonymity on creative performance
Authors: Le Hénaff Benjamin , Michinov Nicolas , Le Bohec Olivier 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAccording to the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects, intergroup comparison under anonymity accentuates social identity salience, potentially increasing motivation to work for one's group. The present experiment aimed to examine whether intergroup comparison and anonymity could boost creative performance in a brainwriting task. Sixty participants, randomly assigned to groups, wrote their ideas on sticky notes of the same (anonymity) or different color (individuation). To reinforce social identity salience, half the groups were told that their performance would be compared with other groups. As predicted, anonymity and intergroup comparison boosted both the number of nonredundant ideas produced by group members (fluency), and diversity of ideas pertaining to different categories (flexibility). By contrast, when social identity was not salient, anonymity led to an increase in the originality of ideas.
Multiple abiotic factors correlate with parallel evolution in Australian soil burrowing cockroaches
Authors: Beasley‐Hall Perry G. , Lee Timothy R. C. , Rose Harley A. , Lo Nathan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimThe ways in which abiotic factors contribute to parallel evolution—the evolution of similar, derived phenotypes in independent, closely related lineages—remain understudied. Australian cockroaches of the subfamilies Panesthiinae (“wood feeders”) and Geoscapheinae (“soil burrowers”) are two closely related groups that provide a striking example of parallel evolution of burrowing behaviour. The ancestral wood‐feeding panesthiines migrated from Asia ~20 million years ago before soil burrowing was independently acquired multiple times in the derived geoscapheines. Here, we investigate whether specific abiotic factors were associated with the parallel evolution of soil burrowing behaviour, and whether divergence events of geoscapheines from panesthiine ancestors are consistent with niche conservatism or divergence.LocationThe Australian mainland, including the areas in which selected Australian Panesthiinae and Geoscapheinae cockroach species are distributed.MethodsWe generated environmental niche models for members of the Australian Geoscapheinae and Panesthiinae using presence‐only data and abiotic variables related to temperature, precipitation, and soil composition from BioClim and the Australian Soil Resource Information System. We used an existing phylogenetic framework to compare environmental niche models and tested for niche conservatism versus divergence. Morphological convergence was assessed by a regression analysis and principal components analysis of leg segment and body dimensions in soil burrowers and wood feeders.ResultsWe found no relationship between niche similarity and time since divergence, and only limited evidence for phylogenetic signal with respect to the environmental variables examined. We found that soil burrowing behaviour is consistently correlated with thirteen abiotic factors associated with aridity, including a wider range of temperatures and lower precipitation levels. Evidence for convergence in leg morphology and body dimensions across soil burrowers was found.Main conclusionsOur results are consistent with soil burrowing behaviour evolving in response to ancient aridification events following the arrival of the Panesthiinae in Australia. Our results suggest a scenario of niche divergence between soil burrowers and each of their wood feeding sister taxa. There is evidence for morphological convergence on a “shovel‐like” protibiotarsus in the Geoscapheinae that would aid in burrowing into soil.
Durable engraftment of genetically modified FVIII‐secreting autologous bone marrow stromal cells in the intramedullary microenvironment
Authors: Lee Sze Sing , Sivalingam Jaichandran , Nirmal Ajit J. , Ng Wai Har , Kee Irene , Song In Chin , Kiong Chin Yong , Gales Kristoffer A. , Chua Frederic , Pena Edgar M. , Ogden Bryan E. , Kon Oi Lian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGenetically modified FVIII‐expressing autologous bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) could cure haemophilia A. However, culture‐expanded BMSCs engraft poorly in extramedullary sites. Here, we compared the intramedullary cavity, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous tissue and systemic circulation as tissue microenvironments that could support durable engraftment of FVIII‐secreting BMSC in vivo. A zinc finger nuclease integrated human FVIII transgene into PPP1R12C (intron 1) of culture‐expanded primary canine BMSCs. FVIII‐secretory capacity of implanted BMSCs in each dog was expressed as an individualized therapy index (number of viable BMSCs implanted × FVIII activity secreted/million BMSCs/24 hours). Plasma samples before and after implantation were assayed for transgenic FVIII protein using an anti‐human FVIII antibody having negligible cross‐reactivity with canine FVIII. Plasma transgenic FVIII persisted for at least 48 weeks after implantation in the intramedullary cavity. Transgenic FVIII protein levels were low after intramuscular implantation and undetectable after both intravenous infusion and subcutaneous implantation. All plasma samples were negative for anti‐human FVIII antibodies. Plasma concentrations and durability of transgenic FVIII secretion showed no correlation with the therapy index. Thus, the implantation site microenvironment is crucial. The intramedullary microenvironment, but not extramedullary tissues, supported durable engraftment of genetically modified autologous FVIII‐secreting BMSCs.
Regionalization and the Transformation of Policies, Politics, and Polities in Europe
Authors: Tatham Michaël , Mbaye Heather A.D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOccasionally, regions make front‐page news. From Wallonia holding‐up the EU–Canada trade deal, to Catalonia and Scotland seeking independence. However, beyond these attention‐grabbing events, more fundamental transformations have taken place, away from the media spotlight and sometimes also under the (theoretical and empirical) radar of scholarly work. This article highlights that the more gripping events making the headlines are only the tip of the iceberg. They belie a rather peaceful and calm process of regionalization of our political systems. Functional, community, and identity logics have driven this process. It has significantly affected all dimensions of the policy‐politics‐polity triptych. We encourage scholars to break free from the shackles of methodological nationalism. Engaging in multi‐level analysis is cognitively taxing. However, it is well worth the investment. The state is not independent from developments at the sub‐ and supra‐state levels. Modelling interdependence is challenging, but it is empirically and theoretically rewarding.
Investigating late‐onset ADHD: a population cohort investigation
Authors: Cooper Miriam , Hammerton Gemma , Collishaw Stephan , Langley Kate , Thapar Ajay , Dalsgaard Søren , Stergiakouli Evie , Tilling Kate , Davey Smith George , Maughan Barbara , O'Donovan Michael , Thapar Anita , Riglin Lucy 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundAdult ADHD has been assumed to be a continuation of childhood‐onset ADHD. However, recent studies have identified individuals with ADHD in adulthood who have not had ADHD in childhood. Whether or not these individuals have a ‘typical’ neurodevelopmental profile is not clear.MethodsWe tested two explanations for the emergence of apparent late‐onset ADHD symptomatology using the ALSPAC epidemiological cohort, by grouping individuals according to their scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) hyperactivity subscale at ages 12 and 17 years. First, we tested whether some of those with apparent late‐onset ADHD symptoms had been potentially misclassified on the basis of earlier SDQ hyperactivity scores (ages 7, 8 and 9 years) or of subthreshold symptoms at age 12 years. Second, we investigated the possibility that those with ‘genuine’ late‐onset ADHD symptoms had a delayed manifestation of the same liability that underlies childhood‐onset symptoms, by investigating whether they had a similar profile of neurodevelopmental impairments (in the domains of autistic symptomatology, language, reading, spelling, executive functioning and IQ) as those with typical childhood‐onset ADHD.ResultsN = 56/75 (75%) of those with apparent late‐onset ADHD had had high ADHD scores at least one point in childhood, suggesting that they may have been misclassified on the basis of their score at age 12 years. The remaining 19 individuals (25%) with genuine late‐onset ADHD symptoms did not show a profile of neurodevelopmental impairment typically seen in ADHD, instead showing similar levels of autistic symptoms, language skills, executive functioning ability and IQ to those without ADHD symptoms. The only exceptions were that this group showed reading and spelling problems at age 9 years.ConclusionsOur work suggests that this small number of individuals with genuine late‐onset symptoms may not be most appropriately considered as having a typical neurodevelopmental disorder.
Rapid detection of Salmonella spp. using magnetic resonance
Authors: Yang Paul , Wong Charlene , Hash Sara , Fung Fred , Menon Suresh 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe globalization of the world's food trade calls for rapid and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens to ensure safety of foods for human consumption, to prevent outbreaks and management of foodborne infectious diseases. Currently, commercial detection methods for pathogenic microbials require multiple days for sample‐to‐answer results. In this study, we demonstrated a highly sensitive and rapid detection of a microbial pathogen using Molecular Mirroring (M2) technology and Lab‐in‐the‐Box system based on nuclear magnetic resonance that works rapidly and efficiently for the detection of Salmonella. This technology detected Salmonella at 1 cfu/reaction in water. In tuna, the M2 technology detected 1 cfu/g with 5 hr of enrichment and analysis with a T2 signal of 342 ms. In addition to sensitive detection and minimal enrichment, this methodology detected pathogens from inhibitory mediums. Therefore, this technology can be widely applied to other fields such as environmental monitoring, public health and safety, national security, and medical diagnosis.Practical applicationsThe combination of molecular biology and nuclear magnetic resonance technology represents a novel, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific methodology for the detection of Salmonella spp. in tuna compared to standard conventional methods. Practical applications of the M2 technology have been tested with human samples, animal samples, and food samples to detect microbial pathogens before and after food processing, thus is ideal to protect public health and to ensure food safety. Furthermore, this biosensor analytical technology can be applied to almost any medium or target of interest in the field of food safety, clinical diagnostics, and biosurveillance.
Electronic Medication Administration Records in Long‐Term Care Facilities: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fuller Andrew E.C. , Guirguis Lisa M. , Sadowski Cheryl A. , Makowsky Mark J. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesTo map the extent, range, and nature of research on the effectiveness, level of use, and perceptions about electronic medication administration records (eMARs) in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs) and identify gaps in current knowledge and priority areas for future research.DesignScoping review of quantitative and qualitative literature.SettingLiterature review.ParticipantsOriginal research relating to eMAR in LTCF was eligible for inclusion.MeasurementsWe systematically searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest, and the Cochrane Library and performed general and advanced searches of Google to identify grey literature. Two authors independently screened for eligibility of studies. Independent reviewers extracted data regarding country of origin, design, study methods, outcomes studied, and main results in duplicate.ResultsWe identified 694 articles, of which 34 met inclusion criteria. Studies were published between 2006 and 2016 and were mostly from the United States (n=25). Twenty studies (59%) used quantitative methods, including surveys and analysis of eMAR data; 7 (21%) used qualitative methods, including interviews, focus groups, document review, and observation; and 7 (21%) used mixed methods. Three major research areas were explored: medication and medication administration error rates (n=11), eMAR benefits and challenges (n=19), and eMAR prevalence and uptake (n=15). Evidence linking eMAR use and reductions in medication errors is weak because of suboptimal study design and reporting. The majority of studies were descriptive and documented inconsistent benefits and challenges and low levels of eMAR implementation.ConclusionFurther investigation is required to rigorously evaluate the effect of standalone eMAR systems on medication administration errors and patient safety, the extent of eMAR implementation, pharmacists' perceptions, and cost effectiveness of eMAR systems in LTCF.