bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A metatranscriptomics‐based assessment of small‐scale mixing of sulfidic and oxic waters on redoxcline prokaryotic communities
Authors: Beier Sara , Holtermann Peter L. , Numberger Daniela , Schott Thomas , Umlauf Lars , Jürgens Klaus 
Published: December 2018

SummaryLateral intrusions of oxygen caused by small‐scale mixing are thought to shape microbial activity in marine redoxclines. To examine the response of prokaryotes to such mixing events we employed a shipboard mixing experiment in the euxinic central Baltic Sea: oxic, nitrate containing and sulfidic water samples without detectable oxygenized substances were incubated directly or after mixing. While nitrate, nitrite and ammonium concentrations stayed approximately constant in all incubations, we observed a decrease of sulfide after the contact with oxygen in the sulfide containing incubations. The transcription of marker genes from chemolithoauthotrophic key players including archaeal nitrifiers as well as gammaproteobacterial and campylobacterial autotrophic organisms that couple denitrification with sulfur‐oxidation were followed at four time points within 8.5 h. The temporally contrasting transcriptional profiles of gammaproteobacterial and campylobacterial denitrifiers that depend on the same inorganic substrates pointed to a niche separation. Particular archaeal and campylobacterial marker genes involved in nitrification, denitrification and sulfur oxidation, which depend on oxidized substrates, were highly upregulated in the anaerobic sulfidic samples. We suggest that, despite the absence of measurable oxygenated compounds in the sulfidic water, frequent intermittent small‐scale intrusions stimulate the permanent upregulation of genes involved in nitrification, denitrification and sulfur oxidation.
Network Embeddedness in Exploration and Exploitation of Joint R&D Projects: A Structural Approach
Authors: Arranz N. , Arroyabe M. F. , Fernandez de Arroyabe J. C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper analyses how network embeddedness affects the exploration and exploitation of R&D project performance. By developing joint projects, partners and projects are linked to one another and form a network that generates social capital. We examine how the location, which determines the access to information and knowledge within a network of relationships, affects the performance of projects. We consider this question in the setup of exploration and exploitation projects, using a database built from an EU framework. We find that each of the structural embeddedness dimensions (degree, betweenness and eigenvector centrality) have a different impact on the exploration and exploitation project performance. Our empirical analysis extends to project management literature and social capital theory, by including the effect that the acquisition of external knowledge has on the performance of the project.
Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 in Korea: What's the optimal dosage of ribavirin in real‐world setting?
Authors: Yoon Jae Hyun , Jun Chung Hwan , Seo Ji Ho , Cho Hyun A , Cho Sung Bum , Choi Sung Kyu , Cho Ju Yeon , Kim Man Woo , Lim Sung Wook 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 infection and to determine the optimal ribavirin dosage.MethodsFrom May 2016 to March 2017, 199 patients received sofosbuvir plus ribavirin treatment for HCV genotype 2 infection at four centers in Jeollanam‐do Province, Korea. After excluding patients lost to follow‐up and those with insufficient data, we retrospectively assessed the data for 194 patients. The treatment efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin were evaluated.ResultsA sustained virological response was achieved in 189 patients (intention‐to‐treat [ITT] 97.4%; per protocol [PP]: 99.5%, both at 12 and 24 weeks) whose average ribavirin dosage was 937.1 mg/day. The most frequent adverse event was anemia (17.5%), and its incidence significantly increased (P < 0.001) with a higher ribavirin dosage per body weight. Discontinuation of ribavirin or dosage reduction occurred in 27 (14.2%). The ribavirin dosage reduction rate increased at a dosage of >15 mg/kg (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.652, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54‐0.76, P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥70 years, with liver cirrhosis, and female gender were associated with ribavirin dosage reduction.ConclusionsRemarkable outcomes were attained in patients with HCV genotype 2 infection treated with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin. Age ≥70 years, with liver cirrhosis, and female gender were associated with ribavirin dosage reduction. Thus, sustained virological response can be achieved with <1000 mg of ribavirin, with an optimal dosage of 15 mg/kg.
The Role of Behavioral Phenotypes on Impaired Driving Recidivism Risk and Treatment Response to Brief Intervention: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Moxley‐Kelly Nathaniel , Ouimet Marie Claude , Dongier Maurice , Chanut Florence , Tremblay Jacques , Marcantoni Walter , Brown Thomas G. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundHeterogeneity in the driving while impaired (DWI) offender population and modest outcomes from remedial programs are fueling interest in clarifying clinically significant DWI subtypes to better assess recidivism risk and target interventions. Our previous research identified 2 putative behavior phenotypes of DWI offenders with distinct behavioral, personality, cognitive, and neurobiological profiles: (i) offenders primarily engaging in DWI (pDWI); and (ii) offenders engaging in DWI and other traffic violations (MIXED). Here, we evaluate these phenotypes’ clinical significance for prediction of recidivism and intervention targeting.MethodsDWI recidivists participating in a previous randomized controlled trial (N = 184 comparing brief motivational interviewing (BMI) and an information and advice control condition (IA) were retrospectively classified as either pDWI (n = 97) or MIXED (n = 87). Secondary analyses then evaluated the effect of this phenotypic classification on self‐reported 6‐ and 12‐month alcohol misuse outcomes and documented 5‐year DWI recidivism violations, and in response to either BMI or IA (i.e., pDWI‐BMI, n = 46; MIXED‐BMI, n = 45; pDWI‐IA, n = 51; MIXED‐IA, n = 42). Two hypotheses were tested: (i) MIXED classification is associated with poorer alcohol misuse outcomes and recidivism outcomes than pDWI classification; and (ii) pDWI paired with BMI is associated with better outcomes compared to MIXED paired with BMI.ResultsMIXED classification was associated with significantly greater risk of recidivism over the 5‐year follow‐up compared to pDWI classification. Moreover, the pDWI‐BMI pairing was associated with significantly decreased recidivism risk compared to the MIXED‐BMI pairing. Analyses of 6‐ and 12‐month alcohol use outcomes produced null findings.ConclusionsThe clinical significance of phenotypic classification for risk assessment and targeting intervention was partially supported with respect to recidivism risk. Prospective investigation of this and other behavioral phenotypes is indicated.
Voxel‐wise correlation of positron emission tomography/computed tomography with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and histology of the prostate using a sophisticated registration framework
Authors: Reynolds Hayley M. , Williams Scott , Jackson Price , Mitchell Catherine , Hofman Michael S. , Hicks Rodney J. , Murphy Declan G. , Haworth Annette 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo develop a registration framework for correlating positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and histology of the prostate, thereby enabling voxel‐wise analysis of imaging parameters.Patients and MethodsIn this prospective proof‐of‐concept study, nine patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy underwent mpMRI and PET/CT imaging before surgery. One had PET imaging using 18F‐fluoromethylcholine, five using 68Ga‐labelled prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐HBED‐CC (PMSA‐11), and three using a trial 68Ga‐labelled THP‐PSMA tracer. PET/CT data were co‐registered with mpMRI via the CT scan and an in vivo three‐dimensional T2‐weighted (T2w) MRI, and then co‐registered with ground truth histology data using ex vivo MRI of the prostate specimen. Maximum and mean standardised uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) were extracted from PET data using tumour annotations from histology, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests were used to compare between tumour‐ and benign‐voxel values. Correlation analysis was performed between mpMRI and PET SUV tumour voxel values using Pearson's correlation coefficient and R2 statistics.ResultsPET/CT data from all nine patients were successfully registered with mpMRI and histology data. SUVmax and SUVmean ranged from 2.21 to 12.11 and 1.08 to 4.21, respectively. All patients showed the PET SUV values in benign and tumour voxels were from statistically different distributions. Correlation analysis showed no consistent trend between the T2w or apparent diffusion coefficient values and PET SUV. However, parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI including the maximum enhancement, volume transfer constant (Ktrans), and the initial area under the contrast agent concentration curve for the first 60 s after injection (iAUGC60), showed consistent positive correlations with PET SUV. Furthermore, R2* values from blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) MRI showed consistent negative correlations with PET SUV‐voxel values.ConclusionWe have developed a novel framework for registering and correlating PET/CT data at a voxel‐level with mpMRI and histology. Despite registration uncertainties, perfusion and oxygenation parameters from DCE MRI and BOLD imaging showed correlations with PET SUV. Further analysis will be performed on a larger patient cohort to quantify these proof‐of‐concept findings. Improved understanding of the correlation between mpMRI and PET will provide supportive information for focal therapy planning of the prostate.
Gender and water insecurity in a subarctic Indigenous community
Authors: Hanrahan Maura , Mercer Nicholas 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIndigenous communities in Canada suffer disproportionately from compromised water insecurity, with multiple negative implications. Some attention has been paid to gender and water insecurity in developing countries, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa, but the topic has been neglected for subarctic settings. We conducted long‐term research in Black Tickle, a remote Inuit community in Labrador, Canada, with no piped water and limited access to potable water. Our research was aimed at understanding the multiple dimensions of water security, identifying materialist responses, and conducting a pilot project in domestic rainwater harvesting. Water security emerged as a gendered phenomenon. We supplemented our reflective analysis on this research with two focus group discussions during which Inuit women described their experiences of water security. Participants reported that their physical and mental health are undermined by water insecurity and that water is a source of multiple stresses that demand resilience. Given a developing remittance economy, gender was identified as an increasingly significant determinant of water insecurity in this subarctic community. Having to retrieve water themselves, Inuit women experience altered gender norms and a persistent values conflict in addition to physical strain. Water acquisition is an added responsibility, impacting their labour load. Alternatively, in relying on available men to retrieve water, participants reported feeling guilty and anxious and they worried about men fetching water in dangerous weather conditions and in the vicinity of dangerous wildlife. Participants’ experiences make clear the urgency for a materialist response to water insecurity in the Indigenous subarctic.
Dyeing of cotton with the natural dye extracted from waste leaves of green tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica)
Authors: Sukemi   , Pratumyot Kornkanya , Srisuwannaket Choladda , Niamnont Nakorn , Mingvanish Withawat 
Published: December 2018

Due to an increase in the production of green tea, the amount of leaf waste has increased enormously, causing serious environmental problems. With regard to environmental awareness, the possibility of reusing the waste leaves of green tea as a low‐cost and abundantly available source of natural dye for dyeing cotton fibres was investigated. Natural dye powder from the waste leaves of green tea (NDPT) was successfully applied to dye cotton fibres without mordant by batch experiments. NDPT was obtained as a dark brown powder with a yield of 2.7 ± 0.5% w/w from dried waste leaves of green tea. The optimal conditions for dyeing NDPT onto cotton fibres were: pH of dye solution, 3; material to liquor ratio, 100:1; dyeing time, 180 min; concentration of dye solution, 3.0 mg/ml; and dyeing temperature, 100 °C. The colour of cotton fibres dyed with NDPT was observed to be dark brown. The adsorption data of NDPT on cotton fibres was best fitted with a Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.997. It is clear that there is a strong possibility of reusing the waste leaves of green tea as a low‐cost and abundantly available source of natural dye for dyeing cotton fibres.
In situ fabric coloration with indigo synthesised in flow
Authors: Haaf Michael P. , Piemonte Katrina M. , McQuade D. Tyler , Cotton Lucy , Blackburn Richard S. 
Published: December 2018

Indigo (CI Vat Blue 1) is a water‐insoluble pigment exhibiting no affinity for fibres and must be chemically reduced in basic solution to form the water‐soluble, alkaline leucoindigo (CI Reduced Vat Blue 1), in order to exhibit substantivity for fibres. Typical vat dyeing processes are time‐ and resource‐intensive, and hazardous by‐products are formed, primarily through the use of reducing agents. We describe a method for synthesising indigo in a flow reactor that allows for application of dye precursors to fibres, milliseconds before the reaction completes. The soluble precursors soak into the cotton fabric just prior to the precipitation of the insoluble indigo, effectively providing in situ coloration, without the need for a traditional redox dyebath. The reaction may be coupled with a propellant, an adaptation that allows for a sprayable form of indigo. In situ coloration with Tyrian purple (6,6′‐dibromoindigo; CI Natural Violet 1) was also demonstrated using the flow chemistry method. This research provides compelling proof of concept, but we acknowledge that the process is in its infancy and needs further development to reach a stage where it can compete commercially with current technology.
Bibliometric analysis of scientific publications in respiratory journals from China and other top‐ranking countries between 2007 and 2017
Authors: Qu Yulan , Zhang Chen , Hu Zhenli , Ning Yunye , Kong Chen , Shang Yan , Bai Chong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionRespiratory disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to compare the quantity and quality of scientific publications in the field of respirology from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and China.MethodsArticles published in 58 respiratory journals from 2007 to 2017 were screened with Science Citation Index Expanded database. The number of total and annual articles, article types, impact factor (IF), h‐index, citations and articles in the high‐impact journals from the corresponding country were collected for quantity and quality comparisons. The correlation of socioeconomic factors and annual publications was also analysed.ResultsA total of 93078 articles were published worldwide in respiratory journals from 2007 to 2017. The United States contributed the largest proportion (34399 (37.0%)), followed by the United Kingdom (9494 (10.2%)), Germany (6918 (7.4%)) and Canada (6574 (7.1%)). Publications from China represented the 6th, but this quantity is rapidly increasing. The United States occupies the dominant place in all kinds of article types under investigation in the study, except in the category of meta‐analysis. For total and average citations, China still lags behind the other 4 countries in the study. The annual numbers of articles from China, Canada and the United States were positively correlated with gross domestic product (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe United States has played predominant role in respiratory research for the last 11 years. Although China has made great progress in the number of published articles over the past decade, the quality of these publications needs further improvement.
Development of a Modified Score System as Prediction Model for Successful Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Xing Yan‐Ping , Qi Xin‐Ying , Wang Xue‐Zhen , Yang Feng‐Zhen 
Published: December 2018

This study was designed to establish a modified prediction score system to improve the safety and success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC). We recruited 406 patients (between January 2012 and December 2016) and generated a modified score system in predicting the success rate of VBAC. All patients were required to sign informed consent forms. There were 87.2% of patients who had successful VBAC deliveries and 12.8% patients who had repeated cesarean sections. We conducted multivariable logistic regression and found seven variables that were associated with VBAC success, including previous primary indication of cesarean delivery (odds ratio (OR), 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4–3.0), previous vaginal birth history (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.8–3.8), < 40 years of age (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2–3.3), < 20 kg weight gain (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–2.3), no labor induction (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5–2.9), high score of pelvic/birth weight (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1–2.1), and Bishop score (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2–1.4). After adjustment for optimism, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC‐ROC) was 0.849 (95% CI, 0.78–0.89), and the modified VBAC score was positively correlated with the success rate of trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC). A valid and useful score system was established to predict VBAC success rate.
“Love is only between living beings who are equal in power”: On what is alive (and what is dead) in Hegel's account of marriage
Authors: Katz Gal 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe paper develops a conception of marital love as a complex recognitive relation, which I articulate by juxtaposing it against other recognitive relations that figure in Hegel's theory of modern civil society (i.e., respect and esteem). Drawing on Hegel's early writings, I argue that, if love is to provide its unique sort of recognition, it must obtain between “living beings who are equal in power”—a peculiar form of equality that I name (drawing on Stanley Cavell's work) “dynamic equality.” I conclude that it is by Hegel's own lights that we should reject his notorious conception of the sexual difference. However, I also offer reasons why, from Hegel's early 19th century perspective, he could consider the following two conditions as compatible: (1) equality within marriage and (2) sexual hierarchy outside marriage, namely, in civil society.
Ice‐binding proteins from the fungus Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus possibly originate from two different bacteria through horizontal gene transfer
Authors: Arai Tatsuya , Fukami Daichi , Hoshino Tamotsu , Kondo Hidemasa , Tsuda Sakae 
Published: December 2018

Various microbes, including fungi and bacteria, that live in cold environments produce ice‐binding proteins (IBPs) that protect them from freezing. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are two major phyla of fungi, and Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus is currently designated as the sole ascomycete that produces IBP (AnpIBP). However, its complete amino acid sequence, ice‐binding property, and evolutionary history have not yet been clarified. Here, we determined the peptide sequences of three new AnpIBP isoforms by total cDNA analysis and compared them with those of other microbial IBPs. The AnpIBP isoforms and ascomycete‐putative IBPs were found to be phylogenetically close to the bacterial ones but far from the basidiomycete ones, which is supported by the higher sequence identities to bacterial IBPs than basidiomycete IBPs, although ascomycetes are phylogenetically distant from bacteria. In addition, two of the isoforms of AnpIBP share low sequence identity and are not close in the phylogenetic tree. It is hence presumable that these two AnpIBP isoforms were independently acquired from different bacteria through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), which implies that ascomycetes and bacteria frequently exchange their IBP genes. The non‐colligative freezing‐point depression ability of AnpIBP was not very high, whereas it exhibited significant abilities of ice recrystallization inhibition, ice shaping, and cryo‐protection against freeze–thaw cycles even at submicromolar concentrations. These results suggest that HGT is crucial for the cold‐adaptive evolution of ascomycetes, and their IBPs offer freeze resistance to organisms to enable them to inhabit the icy environments of Antarctica.DatabasesNucleotide sequence data are available in the DDBJ database under the accession numbers LC378707, LC378707, LC378707 for AnpIBP1a, AnpIBP1b, AnpIBP2, respectively.
Understanding variation in salamander ionomes: A nutrient balance approach
Authors: Prater Clay , Scott David E. , Lance Stacey L. , Nunziata Schyler O. , Sherman Ryan , Tomczyk Nathan , Capps Krista A. , Jeyasingh Punidan D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEcological stoichiometry uses information on a few key biological elements (C, N and P) to explain complex ecological patterns. Although factors driving variation in these elements are well established, expanding stoichiometric principles to explore dynamics of the many other essential elements comprising biological tissues (i.e. the ionome) is needed to determine their metabolic relationships and better understand biological control of elemental flows through ecosystems.In this paper, we report observations of ionomic variation in two species of salamander (Ambystoma opacumandA. talpoideum) across ontogenic stages using specimens from biological collections of two wetlands sampled over a 30‐year period. This unique data set allowed us to explore the extent of ionomic variation between species, among ontogenic stages, between sites and through time.We found species‐ and, to a lesser extent, site‐specific differences in C, N and P along with 13 other elements forming salamander ionomes but saw no evidence of temporal changes. Salamander ionomic composition was most strongly related to ontogeny with relatively higher concentrations of many elements in adult males (i.e. Ca, P, S, Mg, Zn and Cu) compared to metamorphic juveniles, which had greater amounts of C, Fe and Mn.In addition to patterns of individual elements, covariance among elements was used to construct multi‐elemental nutrient balances, which revealed differences in salamander elemental composition between species and sites and changes in elemental proportions across ontogenic development. These multi‐elemental balances distinguished among species‐site‐ontogenic stage groups better than using only C, N and P.Overall, this study highlights the responsiveness of consumer ionomes to life‐history and environmental variation while reflecting underlying relationships among elements tied to biological function. As such, ionomic studies can provide important insights into factors shaping consumer elemental composition and for predicting how these changes might affect higher‐order ecological processes.