bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Antioxidant, Antithrombotic, Antiatherogenic and Antidiabetic Activities of Urtica dioica, Sideritis euboea and Cistus creticus Water Extracts and Investigation of Pasta Fortification with the Most Bioactive One
Authors: Vasiliki Georgakopoulou , Charalampia Dimou , Haralabos Karantonis Christos 
Published: October 2019

Background:The present work evaluated the in vitro antioxidant, antithrombotic, antiatherogenic and antidiabetic activities of Urtica dioica, Sideritis euboea and Cistus creticus and investigated pasta fortification with the most bioactive one. The methods employed were total phenolic content (TPC) in mg of gallic acid equivalents per g of dried-herb, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging in mg of dried-herb, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) in micromol trolox equivalent per g of dried-herb, platelet aggregation inhibition (PAF-PAI); plasma oxidation inhibition (POxI); and alpha glucosidase inhibition (a-GaseI) all in mg of dried-herb. Pasta fortified with the most bioactive herb was also studied for the above activities.Methods:Cistus creticus extract was more bioactive (p < 0.05) compared to Sideritis euboea and Urtica dioica in all but antithrombotic assay, where Sideritis euboea was superior to the others (TPC: 37.9 ± 0.56 versus 9.6 ± 0.83 and 5.4 ± 0.70; SA50-ABTS: 0.040 ± 0.001 versus 0.400 ± 0.010 and 0.520 ± 0.008; ACUPRAC: 860 ± 6.23 versus 170 ± 4.25 and 80 ± 3.63; IA50-PAF: 1.8 ± 0.14 versus 1.2 ± 0.10 and 5.2 ± 0.21; POxI: 0.095 ± 0.016 versus 0.216 ± 0.021 and 0.534 ± 0.029; IA50-aGase: 0.2 ± 0.01 versus 2.1 ± 0.16 and 1.7 ± 0.12).Results:Fortified pasta with cistus creticus extract exhibited significantly higher levels (p < 0.05) in all assays compared to plain pasta (TPC: 0.392 ± 0.064 versus 0.137 ± 0.020; SA50-ABTS: 9.4 ± 0.2 versus 126.9 ± 2.7; ACUPRAC: 5.4 ± 0.5 versus 0.9 ± 0.1; IA50-PAF: 1.87 ± 0.04 versus 2.28 ± 0.06; POxI: 3.21 ± 0.18 versus 12.2 ± 0.73; IA50-aGase: 8.9 ± 1.1 versus 18.2 ± 0.9).Conclusion:The current findings add to the mounting evidence on the potential health benefits to be derived from consuming pasta fortified with herbal extracts and indicate that Cistus creticus could form an ideal raw material towards the production of fortified pasta with increased nutritional value.
Analyzing Structural and Functional Characteristics of Collagenase from Bacillus cereus MH19 via in silico Approaches
Authors: Chen Shihua , Ma Meihu , Fu Xing 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Collagenase is a type of proteolytic enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes native
collagen with a three-dimensional helical structure. The structure and properties of collagenase
vary with different sources and types. In addition to the well-characterized Clostridium collagenase,
other collagenases are largely unknown. Various gene and protein databases have been widely used to
mine novel functional genes in the genome. Gene mining and sequence analysis are effective methods
for studying these enzymes.

Objective:
The present study aimed to understand the molecular, structural, and functional characteristics
of collagenase from Bacillus cereus MH19 using a bioinformatics approach.

Method:
Based on the three-generation sequencing PacBio technique, Sequencing the Bacillus cereus
MH19 genome. Function annotation is completed by blasting genes with different databases. Collagenases
were investigated based on the physiochemical properties, phylogenetic relation, and domain
architecture. The 3D structure model of the selected collagenase has been constructed and verified by
SAVES.

Results:
There were 5 collagenases in Bacillus cereus MH19 with a molecular weight distribution
ranging from 36-110 kDa. The analysis of evolutionary relationship between different collagenases
indicating that the BCC000504 and BCC003388 collagenase gene sequences are closer to the typical
collagenase genes ColG, ColA, and ColH, followed by BCC003615. The domain and function analysis
showed that the collagenases BCC000504 and BCC003388 were similar to the collagenases ColG,
ColA and ColH. BCC004271 was similar to BCC004272, and BCC003615 might be quite different
from other collagenases. The secondary structure of collagenase was analyzed. The SAVES evaluation
indicates that 3D structural modeling of the selected collagenase is acceptable.

Conclusion:
This study provides an overview of the molecular, functional, and structural characteristics
of collagenase from Bacillus cereus MH19, which helps to understand the bacterial collagenase. The
characterization of the collagenase will certainly expand the application range of collagenase.
A Molecular Approach on the Protective Effects of Mangiferin Against Diabetes and Diabetes-related Complications
Authors: Aswal Sonali , Kumar Ankit , Chauhan Ashutosh , Semwal Ruchi Badoni , Kumar Abhimanyu , Semwal Deepak Kumar 
Published: October 2019

Background:Diabetes and its related complications are now a global health problem without an effective therapeutic approach. There are many herbal medicines which have attracted much attention as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications due to their multiple targets.Aim:The aim of this study is to review available knowledge of mangiferin focusing on its mode of action.Methods:Mangiferin was extensively reviewed for its antidiabetic activity using online database like Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar as well as some offline textbooks. A critical discussion based on the mechanism of action and the future perspectives is also given in the present manuscript.Results:Mangiferin is a natural C-glucoside and mainly obtained from its primary source, the leaves of mango tree (Mangifera indica L.). Therapeutic and preventive properties of mangiferin include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiallergic, neuroprotective, and cognition-enhancing effects. It dissolves well in water, so it can be easily extracted into infusions and decoctions and hence, a number of researches have been made on the therapeutic effect of this molecule. Recently, mangiferin has been proved to be an effective remedy in diabetes and diabetes-related complications. It is a beneficial natural compound for type 2 diabetes mellitus as it improves insulin sensitivity, modulates lipid profile and reverts adipokine levels to normal.Conclusion:This study concludes that mangiferin has the potential to treat diabetes and it can be developed as a therapeutic agent for diabetes and the complications caused by diabetes.
iATP: A Sequence Based Method for Identifying Anti-tubercular Peptides
Authors: Chen Wei , Feng Pengmian , Nie Fulei 
Published: October 2019

Background:Tuberculosis is one of the biggest threats to human health. Recent studies have demonstrated that anti-tubercular peptides are promising candidates for the discovery of new anti-tubercular drugs. Since experimental methods are still labor intensive, it is highly desirable to develop automatic computational methods to identify anti-tubercular peptides from the huge amount of natural and synthetic peptides. Hence, accurate and fast computational methods are highly needed.Methods and Results:In this study, a support vector machine based method was proposed to identify anti-tubercular peptides, in which the peptides were encoded by using the optimal g-gap dipeptide compositions. Comparative results demonstrated that our method outperforms existing methods on the same benchmark dataset. For the convenience of scientific community, a freely accessible web-server was built, which is available at http://lin-group.cn/server/iATP.Conclusion:It is anticipated that the proposed method will become a useful tool for identifying anti-tubercular peptides.
Drug Withdrawal Due to Safety: A Review of the Data Supporting Withdrawal Decision
Authors: Craveiro Nuno Sales , Lopes Bruno Silva , Tomás Lara , Almeida Sofia Fraga 
Published: October 2019

Introduction:
Several drugs were withdrawn from the market due to safety.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe data supporting drug withdrawal from the market
due to safety reasons in countries belonging to the World Health Organization.

Methods:
We analyzed drugs withdrawn from the market between 1990 and 2010. All medicine
agencies of the countries belonging to the Program for International Drug Monitoring of the World
Health Organization were contacted. To complete data, Medline, reference books and available
drug databases were also searched. Information sources on which authorities based their withdrawal
were categorized and the average time between the first date of exposure and withdrawal
was calculated and stratified.

Results:
A total of 133 drugs that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were withdrawn from the
market due to safety reasons in the period reviewed (1990 - 2010). Hepatotoxicity (n=36, 27.1%),
cardiac disorders (n=25, 18.8%), hypersensitivity (n=17, 12.8%) and nephrotoxicity (n=14, 9.8%)
were the major reasons responsible for 69.2% of all drugs withdrawn. In most cases, Information
Sources for drug withdrawal were spontaneous reports and/or case reports (n=86, 64.7%), followed
by clinical trials (n=24, 18.0%). The average time between the introduction of a drug and its
withdrawal due to safety reasons was 20.3 years (SD±13.8).

Conclusion:
According to available and published evidence, there is no gold standard to identify
risks associated with drug exposure. These findings strengthen the role of different information
sources within the drug safety review process.
Prospective Study of Microbial Colorants under the Focus of Patent Documents
Authors: Gonçalves Brisa R.P. , Machado Bruna A.S. , Hanna Samira A. , Umsza-Guez Marcelo A. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Colorant-producing microorganisms are quite common in nature. These
biomolecules present many biological activities such as antitumoral, antimicrobial and antioxidant,
in addition to the various nuances of color, making them of special technological importance
to the industrial sectors.

Objective:
This study aims to conduct a technological mapping in the patent, at European patent
Office (EPO), in order to evaluate the global panorama of the use of microbial colorants.

Methods:
The experimental design was acquired by the keyword-driven approach through the advanced
search in the Espacenet database European Patent Office (EPO). The keywords selected
were bacteria or fungi* or yeast or algae or microorganism* but not plant* and pigment* or color*
or colorant* or dye* and the International Patent Classification code, C09B61, for prospecting of
interest.

Results:
There has been a linear increase in patents developed in the last 20 years, with Japan as
the largest depositor in the area. The companies Dainippon Ink and Chemicals and Ajinomoto,
both being Japanese, are the largest depositors with 20% of all patents. Among the microorganisms,
the filamentous fungi appeared in the first place with 32% of documents and the fungi of the
genus Monascus were the most frequently used.

Conclusion:
The use of microbial colorants has been growing among industries, mainly in food
sectors, due to the growing demand for products of natural origin. Thus, the increase in research
and technological development in the area of microbial colorants can become an economically viable
and promising strategy for the various industrial sectors.
Molecular Docking Studies and Pharmacophore Modeling of Some Insulin Mimetic Agents from Herbal Sources: A Rational Approach towards Designing of Orally Active Insulin Mimetic Agents
Authors: Pradhan Joohee , Panchawat Sunita 
Published: October 2019

Background::
Many herbal drugs have been found to possess oral insulin mimetic
property as evidenced from the literature. Although, to date there is no efficient, synthetic
orally active insulin-mimetic drug available clinically. Computer-Aided Drug Design
(CADD) may help in the development of such agents through Pharmacophore modeling.

Objective::
The present work is aimed at the In-silico designing of Pharmacophore that defines
the structural requirements of a molecule to possess oral insulin-mimetic properties.

Methods::
A set of 16 orally active insulin-mimetic natural compounds available through literature
was used to develop a structure-based pharmacophore in a “three-step filtration process”
comprised of Lipinski’s rule of 5, Minimum binding energy with the receptor and
Ghose filter to the Lipinski’s rule for oral bioavailability of the drugs. The selected ligands
were docked with phosphorylated insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in complex with peptide
substrate and ATP analog (PDB ID: 1IR3) using Autodock 4.2 and their interaction with the
receptor was analyzed followed by the generation of shared and merged feature pharmacophore
by Ligandscout 4.2.1.

Results::
There are three important structural features that contribute to interaction with the
active site of the insulin receptor: these are hydrogen bond donor groups, hydrogen bond acceptor
groups and hydrophobic interactions. It is important to note that positive or negative
ionizable groups or the presence of aromatic rings are not important for the activity.

Conclusion::
Taking a clue from the developed pharmacophore, one may design new lead
having necessary groups required for the insulin-mimetic activity that can be elaborated synthetically
to get a series of compounds with possible oral insulin-mimetic activity.
Young People's Response to Six Smartphone Apps for Anxiety and Depression: Focus Group Study
Authors: Garrido Sandra , Cheers Daniel , Boydell Katherine , Nguyen Quang Vinh , Schubert Emery , Dunne Laura , Meade Tanya 
Published: October 2019

Background
Suicide is one of the most frequent causes of death in young people worldwide. Depression lies at the root of this issue, a condition that has a significant negative impact on the lives of those who experience it and on society more generally. However, 80% of affected young people do not obtain professional help for depression and other mental health issues. Therefore, a key challenge is to find innovative and appealing ways to engage young people in learning to manage their mental health. Research suggests that young people prefer to access anonymous Web-based programs rather than get face-to-face help, which has led to the development of numerous smartphone apps. However, the evidence indicates that not all of these apps are effective in engaging the interest of young people who are most in need of help.

Objective
The study aimed to investigate young people’s response to six currently available smartphone apps for mental health and to identify features that young people like and dislike in such apps.

Methods
Focus groups were conducted with 23 young people aged 13 to 25 years in which they viewed and used six smartphone apps for mental health. A general inductive approach following a realist paradigm guided data analysis.

Results
The results revealed that young people value autonomy and the opportunity to personalize experiences with these apps above other things. Finding a balance between simplicity and informativeness is also an important factor.

Conclusions
App developers need to consider using participant-design frameworks to ensure that smartphone apps are providing what young people want in a mental health app. Solutions to the need for personalization and increasing user engagement are also crucially needed.
Characterizing the Rural Opioid Use Environment in Kentucky Using Google Earth: Virtual Audit
Authors: Crawford Natalie Danielle , Haardöerfer Regine , Cooper Hannah , McKinnon Izraelle , Jones-Harrell Carla , Ballard April , von Hellens Sierra Shantel , Young April 
Published: October 2019

Background
The opioid epidemic has ravaged rural communities in the United States. Despite extensive literature relating the physical environment to substance use in urban areas, little is known about the role of physical environment on the opioid epidemic in rural areas.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the reliability of Google Earth to collect data on the physical environment related to substance use in rural areas.

Methods
Systematic virtual audits were performed in 5 rural Kentucky counties using Google Earth between 2017 and 2018 to capture land use, health care facilities, entertainment venues, and businesses. In-person audits were performed for a subset of the census blocks.

Results
We captured 533 features, most of which were images taken before 2015 (71.8%, 383/533). Reliability between the virtual audits and the gold standard was high for health care facilities (>83%), entertainment venues (>95%), and businesses (>61%) but was poor for land use features (>18%). Reliability between the virtual audit and in-person audit was high for health care facilities (83%) and entertainment venues (62%) but was poor for land use (0%) and businesses (12.5%).

Conclusions
Poor reliability for land use features may reflect difficulty characterizing features that require judgment or natural changes in the environment that are not reflective of the Google Earth imagery because it was captured several years before the audit was performed. Virtual Google Earth audits were an efficient way to collect rich neighborhood data that are generally not available from other sources. However, these audits should use caution when the images in the observation area are dated.
Catch 22 — improving visibility of women in science and engineering for both recruitment and retention
Authors: Fogg-Rogers Laura , Hobbs Laura 
Published: October 2019

There is a significant under-representation of women in STEM which is damaging societal progress for democratic, utilitarian, and equity reasons. However, changing stereotypes in STEM requires a solution denied by the problem — more visible female role models. Science communicators are critical to curate the conditions to bypass this Catch 22. We propose that enhancing self-efficacy for female scientists and engineers to mentor others will generate more supportive workplaces. Similarly, enhancing self-efficacy for public engagement improves the visibility of diverse female role models for young girls. These social connections will ultimately improve the science capital of girls and other minorities in STEM.
Family perception of humane care provided by health care personnel
Authors: Bautista Rodríguez Luz Marina , García Calderón Yari Paola , Medina Chaves Lessly Johana , Cruz Hernández Karley Ginary 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To determine the perception the family has about the humane care in the Intensive Care Units of three Health Service Institutions in the city of Cucuta (Colombia). Materials and Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was performed with a sample of 220 family members that met the requirements of inclusion; for the recollection of the information, the instrument used was denominated Family perception about humanization in the intensive care units, designed and validated in Cucuta by students and teachers of VIII semester from the Nursing Program at the University Francisco de Paula Santander in 2016. To determine the liability the Cronbach’s Alpha was used, obtaining a value of 0.89. Results: The humane care perception by family members was moderate in 63% of the participants. The communication and information, emotional support and family participation were the highest rating categories, while coping and visits had the lowest ratings. Conclusions: The participants of the study perceive as moderate the humane care, since they relate this to the quality of the care provided, considering the evaluated categories in the research. On the other hand, the family members point out that they receive the necessary information and support to involve themselves in the care activities, allowing them for more interaction with the hospitalized familiar and the personnel.
Angustia en cuidadores de niños con fiebre: análisis del concepto. Modelo híbrido
Authors: Escobar Tobón Ana Ligia , Arias Valencia María Mercedes , Salazar Maya Ángela María 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Analizar el concepto de angustia en cuidadores informales de niños con fi ebre. Método: Se seleccionó el modelo híbrido de análisis de concepto que consiste en tres fases: la teórica en la que se realizó una amplia revisión de la literatura; luego la de trabajo de campo, que consistió en la recopilación y análisis de datos cualitativos, a través de 15 entrevistas a cuidadores informales; y, por último, la fase analítica en la que se analizaron, compararon y consolidaron los datos de la fases teórica y de trabajo de campo, para producir una defi nición más refi nada del concepto. Resultado: La angustia en el cuidador informal se defi ne como: un estado afectivo transitorio que surge en el cuidador que vive una condición de incertidumbre sobre algo desconocido que subyace al proceso febril, a sus manifestaciones, al acompañamiento y a las consecuencias del signo o síntoma de la fi ebre, provocando una sensación de zozobra. Conclusiones: El análisis del concepto de angustia en los cuidadores informales, permitió distinguirlo de conceptos relacionados e identifi car situaciones que pueden afectar la salud física y mental del cuidador cuando ésta se prolonga; además posibilita a la disciplina de la enfermería generar aportes sobre la práctica del cuidado, especialmente en lo que tiene que ver con la incertidumbre en el cuidador relacionada con la presencia de fi ebre en el niño.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DA LEPTOSPIROSE EM BELO HORIZONTE, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL: UMA PROPOSTA DE INTERVENÇÃO PARA REDUÇÃO DOS CASOS NA CAPITAL MINEIRA
Authors: Valente Hiléia Carolina De Oliveira , Faria Larissa Fernanda De Deus , Dias Lineker Fernandes , De Oliveira Stefan Vilges de , Rocha Máyra Bernardes 
Published: October 2019

A leptospirose é uma zoonose endêmica prevalente no Sudeste brasileiro. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é analisar epidemiologicamente os casos dessa doença e desenvolver uma proposta de intervenção. Este é um estudo epidemiológico descritivo de dados coletados na plataforma TabNet, referentes aos casos confirmados de leptospirose em Belo Horizonte, de 2007 a 2017, baseados no ano do primeiro sintoma. A proposta de intervenção foi embasada na literatura científica e em diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde. Foram notificados 252 casos e 24 óbitos. Dos acometidos pela doença, 76,58% possuíam de 20-59 anos, 80,2% eram homens, 28.2% consideravam-se pardos e 54% eram residentes da área urbana. A incidência da doença relaciona-se ao relevo e aos fatores climáticos. A prevalência de homens está relacionada com a ocupação laboral, e o maior acometimento de pardos com as disparidades raciais existentes. Assim, são primordiais ações para orientação da população, diminuição dos reservatórios da doença e manejo dos indivíduos com suspeita da doença. Portanto, torna-se necessária a orientação da população e a redução de roedores, além da utilização de um protocolo de atendimento para os suspeitos com leptospirose e o uso de tecnologias inovadoras para o diagnóstico, como o teste laboratorial point-of-care testing.