bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilient Urban Transport Systems: The Role of Transit-Oriented Development in the GCC Cities
Authors: Arora Anvita , Oakil Toasin , Alhosain Nourah 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn effective and resilient transport system is a crucial component of urban infrastructure. Its resilience has far-reaching implications, including facilitating economic growth, encouraging equity, ensuring sustainability, and mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change. Resilient transport systems can endure and recover from various sources of disruption, whether anticipated, such as natural disasters and extreme weather events, or unexpected incidents like accidents and other factors. However, the discussion on resilience in transportation systems is often limited to their ability to enable evacuation in extreme weather events overlooking the potential of transition toward more energy-efficient cities as a tool to create resilience. This chapter focuses on embedding resilience in the design of city systems using transit-oriented development (TOD) a concept that supports dense, mixed-use development around public transit stations. From a transport climate resilience perspective, TOD helps mitigate adverse environmental consequences as it increases energy efficiency and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the city by reducing car use and increasing the use of energy-efficient transit ridership combined with walking and cycling. With increasing investment in Public Transit, the fast-urbanizing cities in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region can embed resilience by design in the city infrastructure. Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Qatar have initiated national TOD strategies that Synergize with the operational mass transport systems in Dubai and Doha, and close to completion in Riyadh. Furthermore, other major cities in the GCC have similar large-scale initiatives in various stages of planning and implementation.
Kontamination von Haufwerk durch Sprengmittel und Dieselmotoremissionen
Authors: Hauzinger Elisabeth , Galler Robert , Ganster Mark 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Thema der Verwendung von Tunnelausbruchmaterial als Zuschlagsstoffe oder alternative Baustoffe auf oder abseits der Baustelle ist in Zeiten des Klimawandels, Ressourcenknappheit, Kreislaufwirtschaft und Maßnahmen zur CO2 Reduktion ein wichtiges Thema. Jedoch wird die Verwendung von Aushubmaterialen durch ihre gesetzliche Definition als Abfallprodukte erschwert. Dies macht die umfassende Analyse nach Deponieverordnung 2008 sowie Bundesabfallwirtschaftsplan 2023 erforderlich, welche auch die Prüfung der Parameter Ammonium (NH4+), Nitrat (NO3−) und Nitrit (NO2−) vorschreibt. Die Kontamination des Ausbruchmaterials durch diese Stoffe wurden bislang ausschließlich Sprengmittel sowie deren Umsatzprodukten zugeschrieben, welche sich aus den Sprengschwaden auf das Haufwerk absetzt. Neuere Erkenntnisse lassen jedoch vermuten, dass auch Dieselmotoremissionen der untertägig eingesetzten Baugeräte maßgeblich zu diesen Verunreinigungen führen. Um diesen Umstand näher zu beleuchten, wurden Proben vom Haufwerk aus Baustellen mit konventionellem Vortrieb als auch untertägigen Bergbauen genommen und analysiert.
Locally-Verifiable Sufficient Conditions for Exactness of the Hierarchical B-spline Discrete de Rham Complex in $$\mathbb {R}^n$$
Authors: Shepherd Kendrick , Toshniwal Deepesh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven a domain $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n$$

Ω
⊂

R

n

, the de Rham complex of differential forms arises naturally in the study of problems in electromagnetism and fluid mechanics defined on $$\Omega $$
Ω
, and its discretization helps build stable numerical methods for such problems. For constructing such stable methods, one critical requirement is ensuring that the discrete subcomplex is cohomologically equivalent to the continuous complex. When $$\Omega $$
Ω
is a hypercube, we thus require that the discrete subcomplex be exact. Focusing on such $$\Omega $$
Ω
, we theoretically analyze the discrete de Rham complex built from hierarchical B-spline differential forms, i.e., the discrete differential forms are smooth splines and support adaptive refinements—these properties are key to enabling accurate and efficient numerical simulations. We provide locally-verifiable sufficient conditions that ensure that the discrete spline complex is exact. Numerical tests are presented to support the theoretical results, and the examples discussed include complexes that satisfy our prescribed conditions as well as those that violate them.
The IPCC in the hybrid public sphere: divergent responses to climate mitigation solutions in mainstream and social media
Authors: Wetts Rachel , Painter James , Loy Loredana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn April 2022 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published its report on the mitigation of climate change, which included detailed discussion of the wide range of solutions at the personal, societal and governmental level needed to reduce emissions. The report generated extensive societal debate and interest in mainstream and social media. Using manual text analysis, we examined 66 articles on more than 20 popular English-language online news sites in the UK and USA and the 56 most shared posts or tweets on Facebook and Twitter about the report. First, we found that the mainstream media faithfully reported the IPCC’s priority messages, and often included the IPCC’s own critique of some solutions, such as Carbon Dioxide Removal, as compared to critiques from other sources. The coverage represented a sharp break with the historical tradition of focusing on the negative, disaster-focused impacts of climate change in favor of more positive, solutions-based reporting. Secondly, in sharp contrast, many of the most widely-shared social media posts did not closely follow the IPCC’s main messages. Less than a quarter of the posts contained the summary message of the report, and about half mentioned no solutions at all. Instead they focused on the direness of the situation and the urgency with which action needs to be taken. Finally, there was a very low presence of voices from the organized climate countermovement, who often question the need to take far-reaching and rapid mitigation action. We discuss the significance of our results for future research and for practical action.
A Qualitative Analysis of Trialogues Between People with Lived Experience, Their Relatives, and Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Eiroa-Orosa Francisco José , Incera-Rosas María 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTrialogue meetings, aligned with the Recovery model in mental healthcare, foster the development of a shared language and mutual understanding among persons with lived experience, their relatives, and professionals. This study analysed the first mental health trialogue experience in Barcelona, involving six meetings with thirteen voluntary participants over three months. Using qualitative methods for data collection and reflexive thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: Recovery process, Interaction with mental health services, and Trialogue dynamics. Benefits included open dialogues in a safe space, learning from diverse perspectives, and sharing expertise. The meetings created an environment of empathy and respect while promoting open communication. This approach holds substantial potential for transforming mental healthcare systems, suggesting trialogues can be an effective tool for enhancing communication within community-based mental health initiatives. The findings provide a comprehensive picture of the trialogue process, highlighting its potential to foster mutual understanding among participants.
Skills Required of Academics to Use Digital Technologies in Open Distance Learning Institutions
Authors: Enakrire Rexwhite Tega , Fombad Madeleine C. , Morodi Lebogang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the skills required for academics to effectively utilize digital technologies within open distance learning institutions in South Africa. The growing prevalence of activities within these institutions has led to shifts in academic skill requirements, particularly as academics increasingly work remotely from home or in distant areas. Core academic responsibilities such as teaching and learning, research, academic citizenship, and community engagement have undergone various transformations. Drawing from the practical experiences and insights of the authors, who have extensive backgrounds in open distance learning, it becomes evident that many academics encounter challenges in adapting to and adopting digital technologies for their work. We utilized both quantitative and qualitative research methods in this study. We found out that key skills of adaptability in workplace learning, proficiency in innovative technologies, development of new module strategies, and effective time management are fundamental for academics working in open distance learning institutions. Various digital tools such as learning management systems, iPads, computers, audio/video conferencing, multimedia, online learning platforms, web-based management systems, webinars, and applications like Microsoft Teams, Zoom, and WhatsApp are prevalently used, with emerging technologies like Augmented Reality, Artificial Intelligence, and machine learning gaining influence. These technologies have significantly enhanced teaching, research, and social networking within academic contexts. The study recommends the importance of reskilling among academics to ensure proficiency in utilizing contemporary digital tools for improved service delivery.
Democratic Constitutionalism Against the Paradoxes of Neoliberal, Populist, and Post-Socialist Entanglements
Authors: van der Westhuizen Christi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs South Africa’s governing party between 1994 and 2024, the African National Congress (ANC) was in poll position to use the powers of state to effect the imaginary of the 1996 Constitution. This imaginary provides for the overturning of colonial and apartheid legacies to actualise the human potential of those previously excluded on the basis of race, gender, class, and sexuality. Due to a failure of political imagination, merely the top echelons of economic relations of power were deracialised. Most of the population, and therefore most black people, remain mired in poverty. This failure opened the door to a discourse of anti-constitutionalism aimed at securing impunity for a predatory power elite. Instead of constitutional failure, as anti-constitutionalist detractors would have it, the lack of substantive change should be ascribed to the ANC’s policy decision to embrace a neoliberal form of capitalism, while paradoxically continuing with post-socialist adherences. These are identified as the ‘two-stage theory’ of historical change, which is unpacked along with the related ‘national democratic revolution’ and ‘colonialism of a special type’. How the post-socialist imaginary gave succour to clashing ANC factions is shown–and how it created a political culture at best ambivalent to substantive democracy as envisaged in the 1996 Constitution, and at worst authoritarian. Lubricated by an ethno-racial populism akin to that seen elsewhere on the globe, anti-constitutionalism found policy expression in the new uMkhonto weSizwe Party, founded by former president of the ANC and of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, the main accused in South Africa’s grand corruption known as state capture.
Wood-living beetle diversity is enriched by surrounding broadleaf forest in a conifer forestry landscape
Authors: Gran Oskar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Context
Humans have drastically changed many of the world’s forests since the industrial revolution, with northern European forests among the most affected. Research is needed on consequent effects on forest biodiversity. Here I focus on the conservation-relevant wood-living beetles. Whilst previous studies have examined the effect of local stand characteristics on beetle diversity, the influence of the surrounding landscape on alpha diversity may potentially be more important.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to judge the influence and scale of effect of four landscape variables (broadleaf forest volume, area of mature forest, area of conservation forest, area of clear-cut) on alpha diversity of wood-living beetles as a whole, and ecological groups reflecting potentially differing dispersal ecologies (fungivores, wood consumers, predators, red-listed species).

Methods
The landscape variables were analyzed at three scales (within 250, 1250 and 2500 m radius) and related to wood-living beetle diversity sampled using flight interception traps in 73 managed and unmanaged forest stands in the conifer forestry dominated hemiboreal landscape of south-central Sweden.

Results
Wood-living beetle diversity as a whole was positively associated with broadleaf volume at the 2500 m scale, with a weaker association for fungivore diversity at a varying scale. Surprisingly, both predator diversity (varying scale) and red-listed diversity (2500 m scale) was weakly negatively associated with mature forest.

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of broadleaf trees for the diversity of saproxylic beetles in conifer-dominated forestry landscapes. Further, research and management should more closely consider contrasting responses between species with potentially differing dispersal ecologies, and at different scales.
Limonene oxide isomerization: a broad study of acid catalyst effects
Authors: Rejzková Anna , Vyskočilová Eliška 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, a broad screening of possible catalysts for limonene oxide isomerization was performed. The catalysts included both Brønsted and Lewis acids as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. The aim was to show the efficiency of different catalysts in the studied reaction and use one homogeneous (methanesulfonic acid) and two heterogeneous (zeolite beta-25, montmorillonite K10) catalysts to evaluate the influence of the acid site type on the selectivity. When the selected catalysts were used, almost total conversion up to 1 h was observed (2?50% of the catalyst was based on type, 80 °C, and 16.6 V% of the solution was limonene oxide in toluene). The strength of the acid/acid catalyst influenced the composition of the products. When a strong acid (methanesulfonic acid) was used, the products formed by dehydration (p-cymene) and isomerization of the double bond (carvenone) were detected in large amounts. Using the majority of catalysts, the main products were cis- and trans-dihydrocarvone, and the minor products were carveols and carvone. The water content of the acid catalyst strongly affected the selectivity. Limonene diol was formed as a hydration product, which decreased the selectivity for the desired products. We have described a wide spectrum of possible catalysts for limonene isomerization. Moreover, our study enables the simple choice of catalyst on the basis of the desired composition of the products.
First record of two invasive aquatic weeds Ludwigia repens (Onagraceae) and Myriophyllum aquaticum (Haloragaceae) in Poland
Authors: Pliszko Artur 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aquarium trade has contributed to the introduction of many invasive alien plant species that threaten the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems around the world. In this study, I present the first Polish record of Ludwigia repens (Onagraceae) and Myriophyllum aquaticum (Haloragaceae), two invasive alien aquatic plants cultivated in aquaria. The plants were found on the shores and in the waters of an artificial pond in Kraków, southern Poland, in 2024. The location and abundance of both species are documented, and their introduction pathway and naturalization potential are discussed. Moreover, since M. aquaticum belongs to the invasive alien species of European Union concern and requires rapid eradication, its occurrence was reported to the Kraków City Office, following Polish law.
Migrant and Refugee Youth’s Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights: A Gender Comparison of Knowledge, Behaviour, and Experiences
Authors: Napier-Raman Sharanya , Bidewell John , Hossain Syeda Zakia , Mpofu Elias , Lee Mi-Joung , Liamputtong Pranee , Dune Tinashe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractYoung adulthood is a crucial life stage, during which major sexual and reproductive health (SRH) development occurs, and gender norms are often entrenched. Australian migrant and refugee youth (MRY) have particular SRH experiences and vulnerabilities such as under-use of services, higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unplanned pregnancy, and experiences of community and family stigma. There is limited research on how gender intersects with ethnicity, migrant status and age to inform understandings and realisation of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Explorations of how gender shapes SRHR have typically been unilateral, focusing on one gender: there is a significant gap in scholarship investigating gender differences among MRY experiences of SRHR. This study will fill this gap, contributing to conceptual knowledge about the experience of SRHR among migrant and refugee youth. This cross-sectional study collected data from 107 MRY aged 15–27 years, living in Western Sydney, Australia. An online survey – including multiple-choice, Likert-scale, and open-text questions – examining behaviour, knowledge, attitudes, service utilisation and rights awareness was used. Key measures included knowledge of various contraceptives and STIs; vaccination rates; attitudes towards SRH taboos; and service use. Participants were recruited using snowball and purposive sampling, incorporating recruitment via social media, community and social service organisations, and word of mouth. Univariate descriptive analysis and bivariate gender analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS. Most participants were female (69%). Non-consensual experiences were gendered: there was a significant association between gender and being pressured into sex (p = < 0.001), with 45% of females experiencing pressure compared with 9% of males, and males significantly more comfortable discussing consent with partners than females (p = .011). Knowledge outcomes were, however, poorer among males, who had significantly lower contraceptive awareness (p = .023), and lower STI awareness. Service access was conspicuously low, with three quarters of participants unaware of local SRH services. Male participants were significantly more likely to select not applicable when asked which services they had used, indicating non-use. In attitudes towards key SRH taboos, females were consistently more liberal than males. Male and female MRY have gender-specific SRHR vulnerabilities. Issues of consent disproportionately impact young women, while males have lower service access and SRH knowledge. Future policy development must consider shared experiences – engaging youth with services – and gender-specific needs – targeting young men in SRH education, addressing continued consent issues.
Experiences of mothers of children with and without Special Educational Needs (SEN) in England during the COVID-19 lockdowns: a qualitative study
Authors: Morgül Evren , Kallitsoglou Angeliki , Essau Cecilia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe present study qualitatively examined the experiences of caregivers of primary school children with and without SEN in relation to their socioemotional wellbeing and how they coped during the COVID-19 pandemic in England. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 London-based mothers of 5–12-year-old children, half of whom had children with Special Educational Needs (SEN). The interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, allowing for a comparative exploration of the experiences of mothers with children with SEN and those without. The analysis generated four themes: (1) opportunities (2) challenges (3) post-pandemic considerations (4) coping strategies. Findings showed that caregivers of both SEN and non-SEN children experienced several opportunities or challenges after the initial lockdown in 2020. Both groups of caregivers reported similar long-term experiences in terms of opportunities. However, almost all caregivers in SEN group reported distinctive challenges about support services and mental health decline. In terms of coping strategies, SEN mothers placed a greater emphasis on the importance of adapting to change and establishing new routines. They also used more mental health services for themselves and their children during lockdowns compared to non-SEN mothers. Regarding the post-pandemic considerations, almost all caregivers, regardless of their children’s SEN status, expressed significant concerns about future uncertainties. This study highlights the unique challenges and opportunities experienced by caregivers, particularly emphasizing the nuanced needs of SEN families. The findings underscore the necessity for robust mental health support frameworks and tailored support strategies to address these needs. Implications for future research include further exploration of long-term support mechanisms for SEN families and a broader investigation into the diverse coping strategies across different caregiver populations.
Does mixed reality influence joint action? Impact of the mixed reality setup on users’ behavior and spatial interaction
Authors: Brument Hugo , De Pace Francesco , Podkosova Iana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how people effectively perform actions together is fundamental when designing Collaborative Mixed Reality (CMR) applications. While most of the studies on CMR mostly considered either how users are immersed in the CMR (e.g., in virtual or augmented reality) or how the physical workspace is shared by users (i.e., distributed or collocated), little is known about how their combination could influence user’s interaction in CMR. In this paper, we present a user study (n = 46, 23 pairs) that investigates the effect of the mixed reality setup on the user’s immersion and spatial interaction during a joint-action task. Groups of two participants had to perform two types of joint actions while carrying a virtual rope to maintain a certain distance: (1) Gate, where participants had to pass through a virtual aperture together, and (2) Fruit, where participants had to use a rope to slice a virtual fruit moving in the CMR. Users were either in a distributed or collocated setup and either immersed in virtual or augmented reality. Our results showed that the immersion type and location setup altered users’ proxemics as well as the users’ subjective experience. In particular, we noticed better task performance when users were in augmented reality and more considerable distances between players while interacting in a distributed setup. These results contribute to the understanding of joint action in CMR and are discussed to improve the design of CMR applications.