bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Crown Rot Disease of Banana Fruit and Eco-Friendly Quality Improvement Approach during Storage
Authors: Jahan Md. Saroar , Sharmin Lia Rizwoana , Chowdhury Md. Estiak Khan , Hasan Md. Faruk , Islam Md. Asadul , Sikdar Biswanath , Khalekuzzaman Md. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The banana is the world’s most popular fruit crop. A complex of fungal pathogen is responsible for crown rot diseases of banana.
Aims: The present study was designed to detect and characterize the crown rot disease of post-harvest banana (Musa paradisiaca) and also develop an alternative quality improvement approach to improve banana shelf-life during storage period.
Study Design: A simplest general factorial experiment that was designed to control crown rot disease of banana using different biological factors, including plant extract, antagonistic agents and commercial fungicide.
Place and Duration of Study: Disease infected bananas were collected from Rajshahi city, Rajshahi, Bangladesh in 2017 and the experiment had been conducted from April 2017 to April 2018.
Methodology: Different morphological, biochemical and molecular techniques were used to characterize and detect the liable fungi. Responsible fungi were subjected to antifungal activity screening test and in vitro antagonism test. Effect of carbendazim and kanamycin B against the mycelial growth of the isolates was determined by disc diffusion method. Quality parameters including disease incidence and severity, pH, TSS, TTA and AA of the treated banana were also analyzed after application of treatments in the packing stage through standard estimation techniques.
Results: Two fungi, isolated from the infected portion were further identified as C. musae and L. theobromae. D. metel and A. sativum extract was better in inhibiting mycelial growth of all the test pathogen in culture. B. cereus and T. harzianum moved and attached to fungal isolates, affecting mycelial growth and A. sativum extract significantly affecting conidial germination on artificial medium. Satisfactory mycelia inhibitory effect was recorded from kanamycin B. Quality analysis after storage of banana showed minor measurable differences among treatments.
Conclusion: Post-harvest application of A. sativum extract (Conc. 25% w/v) improve the overall quality of harvested banana fruits and reduced the disease incidence and severity of crown rot to a level significantly lower than in fungicide treated or control fruits.
Baseline Description of the Juvenile Localized Scleroderma Subgroup From the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Legacy Registry
Authors: Wu Eveline Y. , Li Suzanne C. , Torok Kathryn S. , Virkud Yamini V. , Fuhlbrigge Robert C. , Rabinovich C. Egla ,   the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Legacy Registry Investigators
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveLocalized scleroderma (LS) is a chronic inflammatory and fibrosing skin disorder. We present baseline data on the juvenile LS (jLS) cohort from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Legacy Registry, a multicenter observational registry of pediatric rheumatologic disorders.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of children with jLS enrolled in the CARRA Legacy Registry between May 2010 and April 2014. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic, clinical, and laboratory features. Data analysis included two‐sample t test, χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, linear/logistic regression, and analysis of variance.ResultsOf 381 children with jLS, 76% were female and 80% Caucasian. Mean onset age was 8.2 years, with 17% having a 2‐year or greater delay to first pediatric rheumatology (PRH) visit. Linear scleroderma was the most common subtype (54%). Antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity was associated with joint contracture (P = 0.04), muscle atrophy (P = 0.014), and extremity shortening (P = 0.007). Elevated aldolase was associated with joint contracture (P = 0.008) and elevated creatine kinase (CK) with muscle atrophy (P = 0.028) and extremity shortening (P = 0.016). Children with functional limitation (27%) had earlier first PRH visit compared with those without (P = 0.01). Poorer function correlated with muscle atrophy, joint contracture, and extremity shortening (P < 0.001). Methotrexate (97%) and corticosteroids (68%) were the most common medications used.ConclusionChildren with jLS without joint limitation are referred later, highlighting the insidious onset and need for educating referring providers. Poorer function correlated with muscle atrophy, joint contracture, and limb shortening. ANA positivity and elevated CK or aldolase were associated with muscle atrophy, joint contracture, and/or limb shortening, suggesting predictors of muscle involvement.
Stress Controllability in Thermal and Electrical Conductivity of 3D Elastic Graphene‐Crosslinked Carbon Nanotube Sponge/Polyimide Nanocomposite
Authors: Zhang Fei , Feng Yiyu , Qin Mengmeng , Gao Long , Li Zeyu , Zhao Fulai , Zhang Zhixing , Lv Feng , Feng Wei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStress controllability in thermal and electrical conductivity is important for flexible piezoresistive devices. Due to the strength‐elasticity trade‐off, comprehensive investigation of stress‐controllable conduction in elastic high‐modulus polymers is challenging. Here presented is a 3D elastic graphene‐crosslinked carbon nanotube sponge/polyimide (Gw‐CNT/PI) nanocomposite. Graphene welding at the junction enables both phonon and electron transfer as well as avoids interfacial slippage during cyclic compression. The uniform Gw‐CNT/PI comprising a high‐modulus PI deposited on a porous templated network combines stress‐controllable thermal/electrical conductivity and cyclic elastic deformation. The uniform composites show different variation trends controlled by the porosity due to different phonon and electron conduction mechanisms. A relatively high k (3.24 W m−1 K−1, 1620% higher than PI) and suitable compressibility (16.5% under 1 MPa compression) enables the application of the composite in flexible elastic thermal interface conductors, which is further analyzed by finite element simulations. The interconnected network favors a high stress‐sensitive electrical conductivity (sensitivity, 973% at 9.6% strain). Thus, the Gw‐CNT/PI composite can be an important candidate material for piezoresistive sensors upon porosity optimization based on stress‐controllable thermal or electrical conductivity. The results provide insights toward controlling the stress‐induced thermal/electrical conductivities of 3D interconnected templated composite networks for piezoresistive conductors or sensors.
Engineering an Artificial T‐Cell Stimulating Matrix for Immunotherapy
Authors: Hickey John W. , Dong Yi , Chung Jae Wook , Salathe Sebastian F. , Pruitt Hawley C. , Li Xiaowei , Chang Calvin , Fraser Andrew K. , Bessell Catherine A. , Ewald Andrew J. , Gerecht Sharon , Mao Hai‐Quan , Schneck Jonathan P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractT cell therapies require the removal and culture of T cells ex vivo to expand several thousand‐fold. However, these cells often lose the phenotype and cytotoxic functionality for mediating effective therapeutic responses. The extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used to preserve and augment cell phenotype; however, it has not been applied to cellular immunotherapies. Here, a hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based hydrogel is engineered to present the two stimulatory signals required for T‐cell activation—termed an artificial T‐cell stimulating matrix (aTM). It is found that biophysical properties of the aTM—stimulatory ligand density, stiffness, and ECM proteins—potentiate T cell signaling and skew phenotype of both murine and human T cells. Importantly, the combination of the ECM environment and mechanically sensitive TCR signaling from the aTM results in a rapid and robust expansion of rare, antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of these tumor‐specific cells significantly suppresses tumor growth and improves animal survival compared with T cells stimulated by traditional methods. Beyond immediate immunotherapeutic applications, demonstrating the environment influences the cellular therapeutic product delineates the importance of the ECM and provides a case study of how to engineer ECM‐mimetic materials for therapeutic immune stimulation in the future.
Photosensitizer‐Anchored 2D MOF Nanosheets as Highly Stable and Accessible Catalysts toward Artemisinin Production
Authors: Wang Ying , Feng Liang , Pang Jiandong , Li Jialuo , Huang Ning , Day Gregory S. , Cheng Lin , Drake Hannah F. , Wang Ye , Lollar Christina , Qin Junsheng , Gu Zhiyuan , Lu Tongbu , Yuan Shuai , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: April 2019

Abstract2D metal–organic frameworks (2D‐MOFs) have recently emerged as promising materials for gas separations, sensing, conduction, and catalysis. However, the stability of these 2D‐MOF catalysts and the tunability over catalytic environments are limited. Herein, it is demonstrated that 2D‐MOFs can act as stable and highly accessible catalyst supports by introducing more firmly anchored photosensitizers as bridging ligands. An ultrathin MOF nanosheet‐based material, Zr‐BTB (BTB = 1,3,5‐tris(4‐carboxyphenyl)benzene), is initially constructed by connecting Zr6‐clusters with the tritopic carboxylate linker. Surface modification of the Zr‐BTB structure was realized through the attachment of porphyrin‐based carboxylate ligands on the coordinatively unsaturated Zr metal sites in the MOF through strong Zr‐carboxylate bond formation. The functionalized MOF nanosheet, namely PCN‐134‐2D, acts as an efficient photocatalyst for 1O2 generation and artemisinin production. Compared to the 3D analogue (PCN‐134‐3D), PCN‐134‐2D allows for fast reaction kinetics due to the enhanced accessibility of the catalytic sites within the structure and facile substrate diffusion. Additionally, PCN‐134(Ni)‐2D exhibits an exceptional yield of artemisinin, surpassing all reported homo‐ or heterogeneous photocatalysts for the artemisinin production.
Aptameric Probe Specifically Binding Protein Heterodimer Rather Than Monomers
Authors: Bing Tao , Shen Luyao , Wang Junyan , Wang Linlin , Liu Xiangjun , Zhang Nan , Xiao Xiao , Shangguan Dihua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDimerization of proteins occurs frequently and plays integral roles in biological processes. However, no single molecular probe is available for in situ detection of protein dimers on cells and tissues because of the difficulty of isolating complete protein dimers for probe preparation and screening, which has greatly hampered the biomedical study of protein dimers. Herein, a G‐rich DNA aptamer (termed BG2) that only binds alkaline phosphatase (AP) heterodimers rather than monomers is reported. This aptamer is generated by the cell‐SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technique and proves to fold into a duplex stabilized antiparallel G‐quadruplex structure. Using BG2 as molecular probe, AP heterodimers are found to be expressed on several kinds of cancer cells. As an affinity ligand, BG2 could isolate AP heterodimers from cell lysate. BG2 is also demonstrated to be applicable for tumor imaging in mice xenografted with cells highly expressing AP heterodimers. AP isozymes are found in several tissues and blood throughout the body, but the function and tissue distribution of AP heterodimers are totally unknown; therefore, BG2 could serve as a molecular probe to uncover the mystery of AP heterodimers. The generation of aptameric probes by cell‐SELEX will open up a new situation for the study of protein dimers.
The Role of Familial Incarceration and Ethnic Identity in Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt: Findings from a Longitudinal Study of Latinx Young Adults in California
Authors: Forster Myriam , Davis Laurel , Grigsby Timothy J. , Rogers Christopher J. , Vetrone Steven F. , Unger Jennifer B. 
Published: April 2019

HighlightsIncarceration has not been studied in the context of ethnic minority adult suicide behavior.High affective ethnic identity scores were inversely associated with lifetime suicide attempt.Ethnic identity moderated the association between parental incarceration and suicidal ideation.
A Reusable MOF‐Supported Single‐Site Zinc(II) Catalyst for Efficient Intramolecular Hydroamination of o‐Alkynylanilines
Authors: Li Beibei , Ju Zhanfeng , Zhou Mi , Su Kongzhao , Yuan Daqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe exploitation of new and active earth‐abundant metal catalysts is critical for sustainable chemical production. Herein, we demonstrate the design of highly efficient, robust, and reusable ZnII‐bipyridine‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) catalysts for the intramolecular hydroamination of o‐alkynylanilines to indoles. Under similar conditions homogeneous catalytic systems mainly provide hydrolysate. Our results prove that MOFs support unique internal environments that can affect the direction of chemical reactions. The ZnII‐catalyzed hydroamination reaction can be conducted without additional ligands, base, or acid, and is thus a very clean reaction system with regard to its environmental impact.
Carbonsäurefluoride in der Katalyse durch späte Übergangsmetalle
Authors: Ogiwara Yohei , Sakai Norio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn diesem Aufsatz fassen wir den aktuellen Forschungsstand bei durch späte Übergangsmetalle katalysierten Reaktionen von Carbonsäurefluoriden zusammen, inklusive deren Herstellung und Umsetzungen. In organischen Reaktionen muss oftmals ein Kompromiss zwischen Stabilität und Reaktivität der Startmaterialien gefunden werden. Carbonsäurefluoride weisen, hauptsächlich dank ihrer moderaten Elektrophilie, eine ausgezeichnete Balance zwischen diesen Eigenschaften auf. Daher können Carbonsäurefluoride (RCOFs) als vielseitige Bausteine in Übergangsmetall‐katalysierten Reaktionen verwendet werden, beispielsweise als “RCO”‐Quelle in Acylkupplungen, als “R”‐Quelle in decarbonylierenden Kupplungen und als “F”‐Quelle in Fluorierungen. Beginnend mit der Spaltung der C(Acyl)‐F‐Bindung in Carbonsäurefluoriden werden diverse, durch Übergangsmetallkatalysatoren auf Grundlage von Metallen der Gruppen 9–11 (wie Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd oder Cu) vermittelte Transformationen zugänglich, einschließlich C‐C‐, C‐H‐, C‐B‐ und C‐F‐Bindungsknüpfungen.
Elektronische Kommunikation von Porphyrin‐Hexabenzocoronen‐Isomeren
Authors: Martin Max M. , Lungerich Dominik , Haines Philipp , Hampel Frank , Jux Norbert 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAuf Einzelmolekülen basierende elektronische Bauteile werden als nächste Generation für nanoelektronische Schaltkreise angesehen. Herausforderungen wie etwa die reproduzierbare Kontaktierung von Elektroden an die jeweiligen Moleküle stehen jedoch der fundamentalen Untersuchung dieser Systeme im Wege. Deshalb stellen wir das Konzept der quasi‐optoelektronischen Elektroden (QOEs) vor, welches die schnelle Untersuchung der Eigenschaften und die Eignung chemischer Verbindungen für molekulare elektronische Bauteile ermöglichen soll. Speziell untersuchen wir Hexa‐peri‐ hexabenzocoronen (HBC) als ein Modellsystem für D6h‐symmetrische Nanographene. An das HBC kovalent gebundene Porphyrine dienen als QOE. Es wurden selektiv bis‐Porphyrin‐funktionalisierte HBCs mit einer ortho‐, meta‐ und para‐ Substitutionsgeometrie hergestellt. Diese wurden in Abhängigkeit von der geometrischen Anordnung und der Größe der Systeme mit Hilfe von elektrochemischen und optischen Methoden auf ihre Kommunikationseigenschaften untersucht. Weitere Einblicke in die Struktur‐Eigenschaftsbeziehungen wurden durch DFT‐Berechnungen und Kristallstrukturanalysen erhalten.
Selective Activation of the C−H Bond in Methane by Single Platinum Atomic Anions
Authors: Liu Gaoxiang , Zhu Zhaoguo , Ciborowski Sandra M. , Ariyarathna Isuru R. , Miliordos Evangelos , Bowen Kit H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMass spectrometric analysis of the anionic products of interaction between platinum atomic anions, Pt−, and methane, CH4 and CD4, in a collision cell shows the preferred generation of [PtCH4]− and [PtCD4]− complexes and a low tendency toward dehydrogenation. [PtCH4]− is shown to be H−Pt−CH3− by a synergy between anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, implying the rupture of a single C−H bond. The calculated reaction pathway accounts for the observed selective activation of methane by Pt−. This study presents the first example of methane activation by a single atomic anion.
Phenotypes Determined by Cluster Analysis and Their Survival in the Prospective European Scleroderma Trials and Research Cohort of Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Sobanski Vincent , Giovannelli Jonathan , Allanore Yannick , Riemekasten Gabriela , Airò Paolo , Vettori Serena , Cozzi Franco , Distler Oliver , Matucci‐Cerinic Marco , Denton Christopher , Launay David , Hachulla Eric ,   the EUSTAR Collaborators
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disease that is typically subdivided into limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) depending on the extent of skin involvement. This subclassification may not capture the entire variability of clinical phenotypes. The European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database includes data on a prospective cohort of SSc patients from 122 European referral centers. This study was undertaken to perform a cluster analysis of EUSTAR data to distinguish and characterize homogeneous phenotypes without any a priori assumptions, and to examine survival among the clusters obtained.MethodsA total of 11,318 patients were registered in the EUSTAR database, and 6,927 were included in the study. Twenty‐four clinical and serologic variables were used for clustering.ResultsClustering analyses provided a first delineation of 2 clusters showing moderate stability. In an exploratory attempt, we further characterized 6 homogeneous groups that differed with regard to their clinical features, autoantibody profile, and mortality. Some groups resembled usual dcSSc or lcSSc prototypes, but others exhibited unique features, such as a majority of lcSSc patients with a high rate of visceral damage and antitopoisomerase antibodies. Prognosis varied among groups and the presence of organ damage markedly impacted survival regardless of cutaneous involvement.ConclusionOur findings suggest that restricting subsets of SSc patients to only those based on cutaneous involvement may not capture the complete heterogeneity of the disease. Organ damage and antibody profile should be taken into consideration when individuating homogeneous groups of patients with a distinct prognosis.
Zyklische Prüfung von Befestigungen in Beton mittels Schwingungsanregung
Authors: Fröhlich Thilo , Birtel Veit , Lotze Dieter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIm Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau kommen Befestigungsmittel für die Verbindung von verschiedenen Bauteilen zum Einsatz. Um die Tragsicherheit solcher Befestigungen zu gewährleisten, werden im Rahmen der Produktqualifizierung experimentelle Eignungsprüfungen durchgeführt. Hier stellen zyklische Versuche eine besondere Herausforderung für die Prüftechnik dar, wobei die Aufbringung der Beanspruchung in der Regel mit servohydraulischen Prüfzylindern erfolgt. In diesem Beitrag wird eine alternative Prüfmethode vorgestellt, die auf dem Prinzip der Schwingungsanregung von Systemen mithilfe elektrodynamischer Shaker oder Unwuchterreger beruht. Damit lassen sich Belastungssituationen wie wiederholte Belastungen auf den Anker oder zyklische Rissöffnungen im Beton erzeugen, die bei der Anwendung von Befestigungen unter statischer bzw. quasi‐statischer Einwirkung, aber auch bei Erdbeben‐ und Ermüdungsbeanspruchung auftreten können. Im Gegensatz zu den gegenwärtigen Zulassungsprüfungen erlaubt die dargestellte Methode, vollständige Verbindungsdetails unter realitätsnahen Randbedingungen zu testen. Dadurch ist es u. a. möglich, die Interaktion zwischen Befestigung und der angeschlossenen Konstruktion zu untersuchen.
Discovery and Evaluation of New Activity‐Based Probes for Serine Hydrolases
Authors: Wang Chao , Abegg Daniel , Dwyer Brendan G. , Adibekian Alexander 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSerine hydrolases play crucial biological roles and are important therapeutic targets in many clinical applications. Activity‐based protein profiling of serine hydrolases by using fluorophosphonate probes, pioneered by Cravatt and co‐workers, has been a powerful tool for interrogating serine hydrolases in various biological systems. Herein, we present new phenyl phosphonate probes with an azide handle for click chemistry that offer remarkable improvements over the classical fluorophosphonate serine hydrolase activity‐based probes including ease of preparation, excellent cell permeability, and distinct reactivity profiles, as controlled by the phenolate leaving group. Thus, these new activity‐based serine hydrolase probes are valuable tools to further interrogate this important class of enzymes.
Rapid Synthesis and Antiproliferative Properties of Polyazamacrocycle‐Based Bi‐ and Tetra‐Gold(I) Phosphine Dithiocarbamate Complexes
Authors: Florès Océane , Velic Denis , Mabrouk Nesrine , Bettaïeb Ali , Tomasoni Christophe , Robert Jean‐Michel , Paul Catherine , Goze Christine , Roussakis Christos , Bodio Ewen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA family of bi‐ and tetrametallic gold(I) phosphine dithiocarbamate complexes were synthesized, starting from cyclam and dimethylcyclam polyazamacrocycles, respectively, along with their monometallic gold(I) chloridophosphine precursors. Their antiproliferative properties were evaluated on two cancer cell lines (A549 and NSCLC‐N6‐L16). Most of the mono‐ and bimetallic complexes displayed strong activities and, in particular, one bimetallic derivative showed antiproliferative properties in the low micromolar range. Insights into the structure–activity relationships are given, along with determination of the thioredoxin reductase inhibition potential, two‐photon imaging of the fluorescent derivatives, and evaluation of gold uptake.
Ultrastructural traits of apoptosis
Authors: Snigirevskaya Ekaterina S. , Komissarchik Yan Y. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis review summarizes original and literature data on changes in the ultrastructure of major cell organelles during apoptosis obtained by transmission electron microscopy. Organelles that make the most crucial contribution to the initiation of apoptosis: plasma membrane, mitochondria, proteasomes, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, were of our prime attention. The nucleus and cytoskeleton that undergo essential changes, were considered as well. Special attention was paid to the data on ultrastructural changes in the cell organelles observed recently by electron microscopic tomography and correlative microscopy, in particular, to remodeling of mitochondrial crista junctions and microtubules during the execution phase of apoptosis.