bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The price of dialysis access: Implications of access type and patient-centric approaches to cost
Authors: Sim Nathan , Li Hanzhou , Moon John T. , Bikmal Anirudh , Iyer Deepak , Byun Brian , Konstantinidis Menelaos , Teodorescu Victoria , Newsome Janice , Bercu Zachary 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study explores out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for patients and provider reimbursement for dialysis access creation. It aims to illustrate the financial characteristics of four dialysis access modalities to consider in decision-making for clinicians, patients, and payers. Materials and methods: Retrospective data from the Merative™ MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Databases from 2017 to 2022 was analyzed for patients who received an arteriovenous fistula (AVF), arteriovenous graft (AVG), peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC), or percutaneous AVF (pAVF). ANOVA and Tukey HSD were used to assess cost differences among the four access modalities overall and in the context of insurance type and service site. Results: Database extraction resulted in 20,863 unique procedures, comprising of 15,043 AVF, 4759 AVG, 896 PDC, and 165 pAVF. Mean age was 59.2 years (±14.19) and 60.53% of the cohort was male. EPO/PPO plans were the most represented (53.06%) and most procedures were performed in the hospital outpatient department (91.99%). There were significant differences found among OOP cost and reimbursement with respect to procedure type, insurance type, and service site. Overall, pAVF had both the highest cost and reimbursement. Conclusion: Patient OOP costs and provider reimbursement differ significantly based on procedure, insurance type, and service site. While pAVF creation is recognized with high reimbursements due to its complexity and the advanced technology required, it also has the highest OOP costs for patients. To help facilitate adoption of new technologies like pAVF, advocacy efforts should focus on encouraging payers to lower the OOP financial barriers for patients to receive these newer but costlier procedures.
Frequency of language brokering experience as a source of difference in bilinguals’ emotion judgments across languages
Authors: Febre Karina , Faghihi Nafiseh , Vaid Jyotsna 
Published: November 2024

Aims and Objectives: Bilinguals often perceive one language as more emotionally resonant than the other. Our study examined whether the emotional resonance of their heritage language is enhanced in bilingual immigrants who engage in a high degree of language brokering (early informal translation on behalf of family members) as compared to those who do not engage in frequent brokering. Method: One hundred ten US-based Latine Spanish-English proficient bilingual adults rated brief vignettes depicting neutral, positive or negative emotion-laden situations in each language on valence and intensity. Participants were categorized into high ( n = 46) or low brokering groups ( n = 64) based on differences in their self-reported frequency of brokering on a modified Language Brokering Scale (LBS). Analysis: For each of the three vignette types—positive, negative, and neutral, a 2 (Group) × 2 (Presentation Language) mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the valence and intensity of emotion ratings. Findings: For vignettes depicting positive emotion, individuals with high brokering experience gave higher pleasantness ratings when the vignettes were presented in Spanish than in English, and gave lower pleasantness ratings in English as compared to low-frequency brokers. Experience: No group or language differences were found for valence judgments for negative or neutral vignettes. There were no group or language differences in intensity ratings. Originality: Language brokering experience as a source of variability in emotional experience among bilinguals is not well documented; specifically, how these bilinguals experience emotional vignettes has not been previously studied. Significance: The findings contribute to the literature on the experience of emotions across languages among bilinguals who engaged in more frequent informal translation. This supports a first-language emotional resonance effect associated with early translation (or brokering) experience.
Giant renal artery aneurysm with severe compression of the right kidney
Authors: Wang Haibo , Wu Mingwei , Xiong Jiang 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) is a rare condition among visceral aneurysms, often asymptomatic and incidentally discovered through imaging. Surgical or interventional procedures are utilized for treatment, depending on the aneurysm’s size, morphology, and the patient’s physical condition, to prevent rupture. Methods A patient was admitted with a giant asymptomatic RAA, measuring a maximum diameter of 11 cm on a serendipitous occasion. Results We successfully accomplished a full embolization treatment for the aneurysm, exclusively utilizing inflow tract embolization techniques. Six months post-treatment, a follow-up abdominal ultrasound examination demonstrated a notable decrease in the aneurysm’s diameter, signifying the positive outcome of our intervention. Conclusions This approach offers a feasible alternative in challenging cases, especially when traditional surgical methods are not feasible or carry significant risks.
Bioinformatic and clinical experimental assay uncovers resistance and susceptibility mechanisms of human glioblastomas to temozolomide and identifies new combined and individual survival biomarkers outperforming MGMT promoter methylation
Authors: Modestov Alexander , Zolotovskaia Marianna , Suntsova Maria , Zakharova Galina , Seryakov Aleksander , Jovcevska Ivana , Mlakar Jernej , Poddubskaya Elena , Moisseev Aleksey , Vykhodtsev Grigory , Roumiantsev Sergey , Sorokin Maksim , Tkachev Victor , Simonov Aleksander , Buzdin Anton 
Published: November 2024

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal central nervous system (CNS) tumor. The treatment strategy is mainly surgery and/or radiation therapy, both combined with adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Historically, methylation of MGMT gene promoter is used as the major biomarker predicting individual tumor response to TMZ. Objectives: This research aimed to analyze genes and molecular pathways of DNA repair as biomarkers for sensitivity to TMZ treatment in GBM using updated The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and validate the results on experimental datasets. Methods: Survival analysis of GBM patients under TMZ therapy and hazard ratio (HR) calculation were used to assess all putative biomarkers on World Health Organization CNS5 reclassified TCGA project collection of molecular profiles and experimental multicenter GBM patient cohort. Pathway activation levels were calculated for 38 DNA repair pathways. TMZ sensitivity pathway was reconstructed using a human interactome model built using pairwise interactions extracted from 51,672 human molecular pathways. Results: We found that expression/activation levels of seven and six emerging gene/pathway biomarkers served as high-quality positive (HR < 0.61) and negative (HR > 1.63), respectively, patient survival biomarkers performing better than MGMT methylation. Positive survival biomarkers were enriched in the processes of ATM-dependent checkpoint activation and cell cycle arrest whereas negative—in excision DNA repair. We also built and characterized gene pathways which were informative for GBM patient survival following TMZ administration (HR 0.18–0.44, p < 0.0009; area under the curve 0.68–0.9). Conclusion: In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the expression of 361 DNA repair genes and activation levels of 38 DNA repair pathways revealed 13 potential survival biomarkers with increased prognostic potential compared to MGMT methylation. We algorithmically reconstructed the TMZ sensitivity pathway with strong predictive capacity in GBM.
Metal implants in children
Authors: Cundy Peter John , Williams Nicole 
Published: November 2024

Background: Metal implants are increasingly used in children for trauma and deformity correction. This review outlines the current knowledge on the types of metals used and explores reasons for removal and the potential for long-term health issues of metal implants. Methods: The literature pertaining to these aspects was studied and summarised in this review. Results: Types of metals used have evolved as well as the development of children-specific implants. Improvements in deformity correction are measurable with likely improved outcomes and reduced health costs. Indications for metal implant removal following successful treatment remain ill-defined; however, the risks of removal are known with a minimum 6% complication rate. Health costs could be reduced by around 6% by judicious decisions to leave metal in place. Implant removal should only be encouraged in the presence of infection, mechanical failure or symptoms that are truly attributable to the implant. In the domain of spinal implants, there is evidence of significant metal ion release, most notably titanium which remains elevated to many times baseline levels beyond 2 years. The detection of titanium at low levels requires special techniques. The long-term health effects on patients and/or their offspring are not well defined, although well described in animal models. Conclusion: The risks of metal removal are significant. Clinicians need to be aware of potential health risks in the use of metal implants and the potential for covert toxicity effects in children especially with their long life ahead. There is a need for greater awareness of metal alloy composition and implant design to minimise risks. Level of evidence: Level V.
Digital health interventions for individuals with disabilities and their impacts on health, quality of life, and social participation
Authors: Kandeel Mahmoud , Morsy Mohamed A. , Alkhodair Khaled , Alhojaily Sameer 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Digital health interventions offer promising avenues for enhancing health outcomes, the quality of life, and social participation among individuals with disabilities. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of these interventions on individuals with disabilities. Methods This study began with a comprehensive search of several electronic databases and the grey literature in hopes of selecting primary qualitative and quantitative studies that examined digital health interventions for individuals with disabilities. Our analysis categorized outcomes into health improvements, quality of life enhancements, and increased levels of social participation. Results Measures of the quality of life revealed enhancements in emotional, cognitive, and physical well-being, as well as reductions in pain and increases in the efficiency with which daily activities were accomplished. In terms of social participation, digital health interventions fostered stronger relationships and heightened levels of social engagement. Secondary outcomes of the study spotlighted user satisfaction and concerns with digital tool usability. However, design and user features, such as ease of use and privacy, influenced tool effectiveness. The results suggested that digital interventions, especially when paired with emerging technologies such as virtual reality and machine learning, have the potential to be engaging and effective. The research prioritized primary, empirical, and quantitative studies in setting up a solid foundation of data and ensuring minimal bias. However, the diversity of the studies reviewed made a meta-analysis challenging because the studies focused on various disabilities, interventions, and outcome measurements. Conclusion The nascent field of digital health would benefit from research with narrowly targeted goals, particularly research emphasizing societal participation for disabled individuals.
Ultrasound Screening of Achilles Tendon, Patellar Tendon, and Plantar Fascia for Pain Development in Collegiate Athletes: A Multi-institutional Prospective Evaluation
Authors: Cushman Daniel M. , Corcoran Blake , Vu Leyen , Fredericson Michael , Teramoto Masaru , Booker Lyndsey , Eby Sarah F. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Diagnostic ultrasound can evaluate musculoskeletal structures for abnormalities that correlate with tendinopathy and fasciopathy. Previous literature suggests that sonographic screening of tendons and fascia can identify structures that are at risk for developing pain, although this has not been evaluated in collegiate athletes competing in a variety of sports. Purpose: To evaluate the use of ultrasound for screening the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon, and plantar fascia for time-loss injury in collegiate athletes during a full year. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 242 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes from 3 institutions participated in this yearlong prospective observational study. Each athlete completed a brief demographic questionnaire, followed by an ultrasound examination of the bilateral patellar tendons, Achilles tendons, and plantar fascia performed at the beginning of the season. Ultrasound examinations assessed for tendon/fascia thickening, hypoechogenicity, and neovascularization. Athletes were monitored for any time-loss injury in these 3 structures throughout a full year. Results: Of the 242 athletes (n = 484 tendon/fascia) evaluated, the patellar tendon had the highest prevalence of sonographic abnormalities (37.4%), followed by the Achilles tendon (10.6%); plantar fascia abnormalities were rare (3.5%). The overall number of tendon/fascia structures that developed injury was low (<5%). The relative risk for a time-loss injury based on an initial abnormal ultrasound screening was 8.8, 17.2, and 13.2 for the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon, and plantar fascia, respectively ( P < .01). Negative predictive values (99-99.6) far outweighed positive predictive values (10.3-14). Conclusion: NCAA Division I student-athletes with sonographic abnormalities on initial screening were more likely to develop a time-loss injury in the affected tendon/fascia during the competitive season. Further research on this topic should focus on identifying the specific sonographic abnormalities and their relationship with future injury.
Reconnaissance-Informed Post-Earthquake Functional Recovery: Observations and Challenges
Authors: Hariri-Ardebili Mohammad Amin , Speicher Matthew S. 
Published: November 2024

Earthquake reconnaissance trips often serve as the “tip of the spear” for assessing the real-world performance of buildings and infrastructure. Earthquakes are nature’s laboratory experiments, exposing weaknesses and flaws by testing the structural integrity of each building. Traditional data collection approaches typically include documenting damage (or lack thereof) with photographs, taking measurements on structural characteristics (e.g., rebar cover, concrete cracking, residual drift, foundation settlement), and taking additional notes on qualitative damage (e.g., drywall cracking, stairway damage). The importance of incorporating recovery considerations into the design process has gained increased recognition to help maintain the health and vibrancy of the community after life safety measures have been assured. Though traditional activities remain valuable, the emphasis on systematically documenting building functionality, or predicting a return to functionality, during reconnaissance trips has been limited. The concept of functional recovery encompasses the readiness of a building to support its pre-earthquake uses, beyond providing shelter. The majority of research on building functional recovery has focused on fully defining the concept and identifying the most influential factors. Some studies have pushed further to quantify functional recovery targets for individual buildings, taking into account shaking intensity, building response, component damage, and other relevant factors. Though functional recovery concepts have historically been implicitly embedded in different areas of the model international building codes for decades (e.g., importance factors), explicit treatment of the topic has been absent. This paper presents an effort undertaken after the 2023 Türkiye earthquake to collect functional recovery information approximately two months following the event. It provides a summary of the challenges encountered when attempting to collect functional recovery data during the post-earthquake reconnaissance. Examples are given of a set of schools and hospitals, incorporating field observations and discussions with residents to glean any available information. By documenting these experiences, this paper highlights needed activities in the field of functional recovery and offers recommendations for further research.
Neurobiological effects and mechanisms of magnetic fields: a review from 2000 to 2023
Authors: Wang Xuejia , Ye Yumeng , Zuo Hongyan , Li Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMagnetic fields are widely used in medical diagnostics because of their superior non-invasive properties. In addition, with the widespread use of magnetic fields in transportation and other areas, their potential hazards to human health and the assessment of their safety have attracted considerable attention. The effects of magnetic fields on living organisms have a long history. The biological effects of magnetic field exposure in mice and rats depend on the magnetic field strength, exposure time, and direction; depending on these and potentially other factors, magnetic fields can cause a series of neurobiological effects. We reviewed global research on the neurobiological effects of magnetic fields from recent years to provide an overview and insights into the underlying mechanisms. This review focuses on the biological effects of static and dynamic magnetic fields of different frequencies and intensities on animals and nerve cells and their mechanisms of action.
Advancing cancer research through organoid technology
Authors: Zeng Guolong , Yu Yifan , Wang Meiting , Liu Jiaxing , He Guangpeng , Yu Sixuan , Yan Huining , Yang Liang , Li Hangyu , Peng Xueqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe complexity of tumors and the challenges associated with treatment often stem from the limitations of existing models in accurately replicating authentic tumors. Recently, organoid technology has emerged as an innovative platform for tumor research. This bioengineering approach enables researchers to simulate, in vitro, the interactions between tumors and their microenvironment, thereby enhancing the intricate interplay between tumor cells and their surroundings. Organoids also integrate multidimensional data, providing a novel paradigm for understanding tumor development and progression while facilitating precision therapy. Furthermore, advancements in imaging and genetic editing techniques have significantly augmented the potential of organoids in tumor research. This review explores the application of organoid technology for more precise tumor simulations and its specific contributions to cancer research advancements. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and evolving trends in developing comprehensive tumor models utilizing organoid technology.
Soluble and EV-bound CD27 act as antagonistic biomarkers in patients with solid tumors undergoing immunotherapy
Authors: Gorgulho Joao , Loosen Sven H. , Masood Ramsha , Giehren Franziska , Pagani Francesca , Buescher Gustav , Kocheise Lorenz , Joerg Vincent , Schmidt Constantin , Schulze Kornelius , Roderburg Christoph , Kinkel Eva , Fritzsche Britta , Wehmeyer Simon , Schmidt Benjamin , Kachel Paul , Rolling Christina , Götze Julian , Busch Alina , Sinn Marianne , Pereira-Veiga Thais , Wikman Harriet , Geffken Maria , Peine Sven , Matschl Urte , Altfeld Markus , Huber Samuel , Lohse Ansgar W. , Beier Fabian , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Bokemeyer Carsten , Luedde Tom , von Felden Johann 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The major breakthrough in cancer therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has highlighted the important role of immune checkpoints in antitumoral immunity. However, most patients do not achieve durable responses, making biomarker research in this setting essential. CD27 is a well known costimulatory molecule, however the impact of its soluble form in ICI is poorly investigated. Therefore, we aimed at testing circulating concentrations of soluble CD27 (sCD27) and CD27 bound to extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential biomarkers to predict response and overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing ICI.

Methods
Serum and plasma levels of sCD27 were assessed by immunoassay in three patient cohorts (n = 187) with advanced solid malignancies including longitudinal samples (n = 126): a training (n = 84, 210 specimens, Aachen ICI) and validation cohort (n = 70, 70 specimens, Hamburg ICI), both treated with ICI therapy, and a second independent validation cohort (n = 33, 33 specimens, Hamburg non-ICI) undergoing systemic therapy without any ICI. In a subset (n = 36, 36 baseline and 108 longitudinal specimens), EV-bound CD27 from serum was measured, while EV characterization studies were conducted on a fourth cohort (n = 45).

Results
In the Aachen and Hamburg ICI cohorts, patients with lower circulating sCD27 levels before and during ICI therapy had a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and OS compared to patients with higher levels, a finding that was confirmed by multivariate analysis (MVA) (Aachen ICI: pPFS = 0.012, pOS = 0.001; Hamburg ICI: pPFS = 0.040, pOS = 0.004) and after randomly splitting both cohorts into training and validation. This phenomenon was not observed in the Hamburg non-ICI cohort, providing a rationale for the predictive biomarker role of sCD27 in immune checkpoint blockade. Remarkably, EV-bound CD27 baseline levels and dynamics during ICI therapy also emerged as potent predictive biomarkers, acting however antagonistically to soluble sCD27, i.e. higher levels were associated with PFS and OS benefit. Combining both molecules (“multi-CD27” score) enhanced the predictive ability (HRPFS: 17.21 with p < 0.001, HROS: 6.47 with p = 0.011).

Conclusion
Soluble and EV-bound CD27 appear to have opposing immunomodulatory functions and may represent easily measurable, non-invasive prognostic markers to predict response and survival in patients undergoing ICI therapy.