bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Ethical Leadership in Mitigating Earnings Management
Authors: Almasarwah Adel , Al‐Wreikat Assyad , Lutz Jonathan , Rossi Matteo , Salloum Charbel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the relationship between ethical leadership and earnings management in corporations, offering insights to enhance corporate governance and financial reporting integrity. By conducting semi‐structured interviews with leaders and managers from 21 firms across 16 countries, this study examines how ethical leadership affects earnings management across various industries. The results indicate a significant negative correlation between ethical leadership and earnings management practices, emphasizing the role of ethical leaders in fostering financial transparency. This research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of how organizations can leverage ethical leadership to mitigate earnings manipulation and promote financial integrity.
Reconfiguration of Quantum Photonic Integrated Circuits Using Auxiliary Fields
Authors: Wang Ying‐De , Chen Yang , Hu Zhi‐Yong , Sun Yi‐Ke , Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Chen Qi‐Dai , Guo Guang‐Can , Tian Zhen‐Nan , Ren Xi‐Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractManipulating photons in quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) is essential for quantum communications and computation, demanding precise control over phase shifts and photon coupling. Despite the challenges arising from the low electro‐optic and thermo‐optic coefficients of glass waveguides, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technology offers a rapid method for QPIC preparation. In this work, the use of auxiliary fields is proposed to reconfigure QPICs with FsLDW. Through adiabatic elimination, modulations of inter‐waveguide coupling are achieved, allowing for arbitrary, controllable beam‐splitting ratios and error correction in discrete quantum walking networks. The experiments also demonstrate full‐period phase shift modulation over 2π in a Mach‐Zehnder interferometer by employing an adjustable auxiliary field. Particularly, high‐quality two‐photon quantum interference and high‐fidelity quantum logic function conversion between a controlled‐NOT gate and a controlled‐PHASE gate are exhibited. This novel approach provides a promising mechanism for modulating the phase and coupling between photons in 3D and large‐scale QPICs.
Non‐traditional yeasts from cool‐climate vineyards for novel low‐alcohol wines
Authors: Fan Lihua , Doucette Craig , McSweeney Matthew B. , English Marcia , Song Jun , Vinqvist‐Tymchuk Mindy , Kernaghan Gavin 
Published: November 2024

Societal Impact StatementClimate warming and demand for fuller‐bodied wines has resulted in increased grape sugar contents and, therefore, increased alcohol in wines. Concurrently, there are increased warnings about the health risks of alcohol, and consumers seek low‐alcohol options as part of a healthy lifestyle. High alcohol levels can also impact the flavor balance of wines, resulting in economic losses. However, exploration of native vineyard yeasts shows that fermentation with novel species can result in both alcohol reduction and improved wine flavor. Our findings show that native yeasts have the potential to bring the North American cool‐climate wine industry into a healthier future.Summary
There is recent interest in developing wines fermented with non‐traditional yeasts that reflect the microbial terroir of the grape‐growing region. These native yeasts inhabit grape skins and can produce wines with distinctive flavor profiles, and when used in concert with traditional wine yeast, the risk of incomplete fermentation is minimized. Non‐traditional yeasts can also produce wines with relatively low alcohol content, an attractive characteristic given the health and societal issues associated with overconsumption.
Yeasts isolated from L'Acadie and Pinot Noir grapes grown at Nova Scotia vineyards were identified by DNA sequencing and characterized regarding fermentative properties. Promising isolates of Saccharomyces uvarum, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, and Zygotorulaspora florentina were selected for mixed and sequential fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on their ethanol and SO2 tolerance, β‐glucosidase activity, and low H2S production. The resulting wines were evaluated for sensory properties by 15 experienced panelists.
Alcohol levels of many of the fermentations that included non‐traditional yeasts were significantly lower than those made with traditional yeast alone, while fructose was higher, and total phenolic contents were similar. Experienced panelists also found that these fermentations resulted in wines with novel fruit and floral attributes.
Our results demonstrate that native yeasts from cool‐climate wine regions can be used in concert with traditional wine yeast to produce novel, lower alcohol wines with a low risk of fermentation failure. This unlocks the potential of naturally occurring yeasts from these vineyards to create wines with flavor profiles that reflect the local wine‐making regions.
The Longitudinal Association Between Negative Life Events and Problematic Social Media Use Among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of FoMO and the Moderating Role of Positive Parenting
Authors: Yuan Xue‐Qing , Dou Kai , Li Yan‐Yu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNegative life events are one of the risk factors leading to problematic social media use (PSMU) among Chinese college students, but the underlying mechanism between them remains unclear. Based on compensatory internet use theory, a moderated mediation model was examined, with two dimensions of fear of missing out (FoMO) considered as parallel mediators and positive parenting as a moderator. A total of 525 college students (57.3% females, Mage = 21.94, SDage = 1.16) participated in this three‐wave longitudinal study (6 months apart). We investigated their negative life events at Time 1, FoMO at Time 2, positive parenting at Time 2 and PSMU at Time 3. The structural equation model results indicated that, after controlling for demographic variables, negative life events positively impacted students' PSMU directly and indirectly by increasing their fear of missing novel information and fear of missing social opportunities. Moreover, positive parenting moderated the mediating effect of fear of missing social opportunities but not fear of missing novel information. In conclusion, this study reflected the underlying mechanism linking negative life events to PSMU, supporting the stress‐buffering model while highlighting the protective role of positive parenting.
Dual‐Integrin‐Targeted Supramolecular Peptide Nanoarchitectonics for Enhanced Hepatic Delivery and Antifibrotic Therapy
Authors: Li Bowen , Bao Jianwei , Huang Yan , Liu Jikang , Yan Xuehai , Zou Qianli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe integration of integrin‐binding peptides within self‐assembling building blocks is crucial for the development of targeted nanoarchitectonics. However, such constructs typically incorporate only a single integrin‐binding peptide, limiting their multifunctionality. Herein, a rationally designed self‐assembling peptide with dual integrin‐binding motifs for α5β1 and αvβ3 is presented. This peptide forms highly ordered nanofibers or nanoparticles (VH‐NPs) with tailored secondary structures. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that VH‐NPs target activated hepatic stellate cells via dual‐integrin interactions, enabling selective targeting to fibrotic livers and suppressing α5β1 and αvβ3. Notably, VH‐NPs can encapsulate rhein through noncovalent interactions, resulting in peptide‐rhein nanoarchitectonics that display augmented antifibrotic effects. These findings highlight the potential of self‐assembling peptides that leverage multiple targets and therapeutic modules as a promising strategy for constructing multifunctional nanoarchitectonics.
Analysis of Metal–Organic Framework and Polyamide Interfaces in Membranes for Water Treatment and Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Pilevar Mohsen , Jafarian Hesam , Behzadnia Nima , Liang Qiaoli , Aghapour Aktij Sadegh , Thakur Anupma , Gonzales Adriana Riveros , Arabi Shamsabadi Ahmad , Anasori Babak , Warsinger David , Rahimpour Ahmad , Sadrzadeh Mohtada , Elliott Mark , Dadashi Firouzjaei Mostafa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntegrating biocidal nanoparticles (NPs) into polyamide (PA) membranes shows promise for enhancing resistance to biofouling. Incorporating techniques can tailor thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for specific water purification applications. In this study, silver‐based metal–organic framework Ag‐MOFs (using silver nitrate and 1,3,5‐benzentricarboxylic acid as precursors) are incorporated into PA membranes via three different methods: i) incorporation, ii) dip‐coating, and iii) in situ ultrasonic techniques. The characterizations, such as top‐surface and cross‐section scanning and transmission microscopy, reveal that the incorporation methods for the modified TFN membranes substantially control morphology and surface characteristics. For example, the in situ ultrasonically interlayered Ag‐MOFs showed the largest pores (average pore diameter of 14 Å ± 0.1), resulting in the highest water permeance (water flux of 10.9 LMH/bar for Na2SO4). It also show superior antifouling and anti‐biofouling performance, with a flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 94.1% in both fouling tests due to its improved surface hydrophilicity and the antibacterial properties of incorporated Ag‐MOFs. Conversely, the surface‐grafted dip‐coated Ag‐MOFs offered the highest salt rejection, attributed to its highly negatively charged surface and a dense PA network with narrow pores (average pore diameter of 10 Å ± 0.06).
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of COVID‐19 association with human semen quality: Changes in semen parameters pre‐ and post‐COVID
Authors: Supit Wempy , Supit Tommy , Sherryn Sherryn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which may infect the cells through binding with the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors that can also be found in the male reproductive organs. Relevant studies were searched in medical databases and gray literature using controlled search terms including COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2, semen, and sperm, among other related keywords. The authors of this systematic review assessed the eligibility of selected articles, followed by analysing the quality and reliability of the studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Exposure (ROBINS‐E) tool. Collected data were processed using RevMan5 software, with a random effects model for meta‐analysis. Combined mean difference and confidence intervals of semen parameters were obtained by using inverse variance method for assigning the weight of each included article. Seven studies with complete pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 semen analysis data of the same individuals were included in the systematic review. Compiled data from a total of 153 participants revealed that COVID‐19 is associated with semen quality impairment, with meta‐analysis showing significant decrease of sperm concentration and progressive motility. However, the risk of bias analyses considered all the included studies as “very high risk.” This study revealed the susceptibility of semen parameter impairments in association with COVID‐19. However, this finding is limited by the small number of high‐quality studies and the lack of control for other confounding variables of semen quality and male fertility.
Selection of priority watershed for water environment management
Authors: Choi Jiyeon , Lee Young Mee , Kang Tae‐Woo , Ha Don‐Woo , Hwang Seong‐Yun , Lee Youngjea , Lee Won‐Seok 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs part of the National Water Management Basic Plan, this study conducted research to identify priority management watersheds in the Yeongsan River basin to respond to changes in water environmental conditions and improve water quality. Analysis of water quality over the past decade revealed that points located in the middle and lower of the Yeongsan River exceeded the target water quality standards. As based on the results, pollution sources and loads indicated that the W‐1 watershed, classified as urban areas, exhibited high levels in residential, industrial, and urban landuse characteristics, whereas the W‐6 watershed, classified as rural areas, showed high levels in livestock farming, aquaculture, and agricultural landuse (wet and dry filed) categories. To understand the impact of point source (PS) and non‐point source (NPS) pollution within the watershed, load duration curve (LDC) analysis was conducted, indicating that downstream segments of all flow ranges exceeded the target water quality standards, necessitating management of both PS and NPS. Multivariate log‐linear analysis also confirmed the influence of PS and NPS, suggesting that watershed management should concurrently address both types of pollution. Based on the results, priority management watershed rankings were derived through the calculation of standard and integrated indicators, with the analysis indicating the following order: W‐1 > W‐6 > W‐3 > W‐4 > W‐2 > W‐5 > W‐7 > W‐8.Practitioner Points
Priority management watersheds that urgently need water environment management can be identified.
The priority management watershed rankings were derived through the calculation of integrated indicators data on BOD, TP concentration, and loads.
Serve as a guide for future diagnostic assessments of pollution sources and the development of effective management strategies.
Anticipated to significantly contribute to the establishment of robust water quality management practices in the basin.
Small circle expansion for adjoint QCD2 with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Dempsey Ross , Klebanov Igor R. , Pufu Silviu S. , Søgaard Benjamin T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study 1 + 1-dimensional SU(N) gauge theory coupled to one adjoint multiplet of Majorana fermions on a small spatial circle of circumference L. Using periodic boundary conditions, we derive the effective action for the quantum mechanics of the holonomy and the fermion zero modes in perturbation theory up to order (gL)3. When the adjoint fermion mass-squared is tuned to g2N/(2π), the effective action is found to be an example of supersymmetric quantum mechanics with a nontrivial superpotential. We separate the states into the ℤN center symmetry sectors (universes) labeled by p = 0, . . . , N – 1 and show that in one of the sectors the supersymmetry is unbroken, while in the others it is broken spontaneously. These results give us new insights into the (1, 1) supersymmetry of adjoint QCD2, which has previously been established using light-cone quantization. When the adjoint mass is set to zero, our effective Hamiltonian does not depend on the fermions at all, so that there are 2N−1 degenerate sectors of the Hilbert space. This construction appears to provide an explicit realization of the extended symmetry of the massless model, where there are 22N−2 operators that commute with the Hamiltonian. We also generalize our results to other gauge groups G, for which supersymmetry is found at the adjoint mass-squared g2h∨/(2π), where h∨ is the dual Coxeter number of G.
Prospective study of the application of a 3D exoscope system (VITOM 3D) in ear surgery compared to conventional surgical microscopes: part I - analysis of objective parameters
Authors: Tao Hai Yen , Morgenstern Joseph , Müller Christoph , Lasurashvili Nikoloz , Zahnert Thomas , Beleites Thomas , Neudert Marcus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
This prospective study compared the application of a 3D exoscope (VITOM 3D) with surgical microscopes (SM) in ear surgery.

Methods
62 patients were included (exoscope group (E+) n = 31; SM group (E-) n = 31). Procedures included cochlea implantation (nE + = 10, nE- = 10), reconstructive middle ear surgery due to chronic otitis media with (COMwC; nE + = 11, nE- = 11) and without cholesteatoma (COMsC; nE + = 10, nE- = 10). Objective (e.g. set-up time and wrap-up time, corrected cut-suture-time, pure operating time, adjustment time, time per adjustment procedure, learning curves) and subjective perioperative parameters were evaluated. This paper only addressed the analysis of the objective parameters.

Results
The pooled data showed that the mean time delay in the E + group was significantly higher compared to the E- group with regard to set-up time and wrap-up time, corrected cut-suture time, adjustment time and time per adjustment procedure. Time delay tended to be higher for pure operating time. In all subgroups of the E + group, the objective time parameters also showed at least a tendency to be prolonged on average compared to the corresponding subgroups in the E- group. The learning curve analysis showed that the E + group (corrected cut suture time for CI surgery, mean time per adjustment procedure across all subgroups) approached the times of the E- group during the course of the study.

Conclusions
Based on the pooled data from the study arms, the exoscope tends to be inferior to the microscope for the objective time parameters evaluated when used in ear surgery. However, due to the small group sizes, no solid conclusions could be drawn regarding the individual surgical procedures. In addition, further studies with a longer observation period are needed to minimize the influence of the learning curve on the results.
Our approach for out-of-center initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and subsequent interhospital transport
Authors: Hermann Alexander , Schellongowski Peter , Robak Oliver , Buchtele Nina , Nagler Bernhard , Müller Martin , Staudinger Thomas 
Published: November 2024

SummaryExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiation at a non-ECMO-capable facility by specialized mobile teams aims for a stabilization prior to center admission, internationally referred to as ECMO retrieval. It is a recommended strategy to avoid primary interhospital transfer of compromised patients with a high risk of life-threatening incidents and potentially death. Deploying the unique skill set of ECMO installation and transportation to an unfamiliar environment, however, adds a further degree of complexity to the demanding fields of both transporting the critically ill and ECMO management itself. Although recommendations for the initiation of ECMO retrieval programs exist, centers globally tailor their course of action to local individual needs and so do we.The purpose of this work is to portray the decision-tree-based protocol of the intensive care unit 13i2 (Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna) with its operational standards for optimal patient selection and transport organization.
The functional TNF-α−308G > a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800629): association with the predictive indices of breast cancer carcinogenesis
Authors: Refaat Sherif , Al-Rashidi Hanan E. , El Azeem Rania A. Abd , Nouh Walaa E. , Hamed Sahar , Attia Zeinab R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Compared with all other cancer types, Breast cancer (BC) among women has now exceeded them all as the primary reason for cancer worldwide. The BC represents 11.7% of all cancer cases and accounts for a predestined 2.3 million new cases. It is the fourth primary reason for cancer-associated deaths in women. With a staggering 200–400% increase in the relative incidence of BC in Egypt, there is an urgent need for new diagnostic or predictive markers.

Purpose
The current investigation aims to explore the connection of the functional TNF-α−308G > A (rs1800629) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with different breast cancer predictive indices.

Methods
The ARMS-PCR method was used for genotyping TNF-α−308G > A SNP. Three groups were recruited for the study: 79 patients with benign breast inflammation (BBI); 163 with breast cancer (BC) and 144 controls (C).

Results
The TNF-α−308G > A SNP was distributed among different groups in a unique pattern; in the control group 63.9% of cases were in the GG, 34% were in the GA, and 2.1% were in the AA. The BC group had 14% GG, 79% GA, and 7% AA, while the BBI group had 24% GG, 76% GA, and 0% AA. The AA genotype and A allele represented a strong significant correlation with risk factors in the BC group (ORAA: 14.67 [95% CI = 3.78–56.91] and ORA: 0.27 [95% CI = 0.19–0.39], respectively; P < 0.0001) in contrast to the control group. However, in the BBI group, a strong significant correlation was noted with the GA genotype (ORGA: 5.93 [95% CI = 3.18–11.04] P < 0.0001). In the BC group, the AA genotype shows a significant increase in Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) in positive ER and PR in contrast to the relevant negative ones (P = 0.02 and 0.002, respectively). However, the GA genotype significantly increased NPI in positive Her2 and metastatic patients (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusion
This research is the first to correlate TNF-α−308G > A (rs1800629) SNP in Egyptian BC patients. The A allele, GA & AA genotypes, and the Overdominant model of the TNF-α−308G > A gene variants were recorded as prognostic risk factors for BC carcinogenesis.
Flexible Working Arrangements and Fertility Intentions: A Survey Experiment in Singapore
Authors: Wang Senhu , Dong Hao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examines how young, unmarried, working people’s fertility intention is shaped by future scenarios where flexible working arrangements (FWAs) are the default. The unmarried population remains to be an under-studied part of the working population at reproductive ages, who nevertheless becomes increasingly significant for fertility research due to rising ages at marriage and the first birth. Despite significant public anticipation regarding the potential of FWAs to facilitate work–family balance and fertility, there is little research on the effects of FWAs on fertility intentions. We conduct a population-based vignette survey experiment to identify the causal effects of FWAs by randomly manipulating three scenarios of FWAs policy changes—reducing hours, increasing work-schedule flexibility, and increasing workplace flexibility—in Singapore, where both overwork norm and low fertility co-exist. All three types of FWAs improve fertility intentions. The effects are especially substantial for women, for which anticipated work–family conflict is an important mediator. Moreover, FWAs matter particularly to those in professional and managerial occupations. These findings call for policies facilitating a more family-friendly environment to tackle low fertility in the future of work.
Unveiling novice instructional designers’ professional identity: exploring dispositions through future-oriented reflections
Authors: Duan Suzhen , Hsieh Chi-Jia , Dong Liu , Jiang Shiyan , Xu Fan , Watson Sunnie , Yu Ji Hyun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearch and educational programs in instructional design in higher education have traditionally focused on knowledge and skills, with less emphasis on professional identity, particularly dispositions and aspirations. This qualitative study explores students’ professional identity and dispositions through future-oriented reflections in a foundational course of an instructional design master’s program at a large Midwest university in the United States. Data were collected over eight semesters from 2020 to 2023, involving 371 students, with 332 completing the reflections. Thematic analysis of 332 reflection essays revealed a strong sense of belonging to the instructional design field, captured ideal working fields and job titles, and categorized 52 dispositions into three main dimensions: becoming (10), being (18), and willing (24). In addition, a novice instructional designer’s professional identity profile was generated based on the findings. This study contributes to the professional education of instructional designers and promotes a deeper understanding of their roles in higher education.