bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the efficacy of dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert (Propess) for cervical ripening: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Daykan Yair , Biron‐Shental Tal , Navve Daniella , Miller Netanella , Bustan Mor , Sukenik‐Halevy Rivka 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate factors predictive of the success of dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert for cervical ripening.MethodsA total of 169 women who underwent cervical ripening with dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert were included in the study cohort. The correlation between parameters present before cervical ripening with dinoprostone slow release and its success, as well as complications and adverse outcomes were analyzed.ResultsDinoprostone slow release vaginal insert was successful in achieving vaginal delivery in 148 of 169 (87.6%), while sufficient ripening was achieved in 140 (83%) cases. Factors associated with successful vaginal delivery were multiparity and younger gestational age at delivery. Factors predictive of the success of cervical ripening with dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert were lower body mass index (BMI), higher parity and perceived contractions prior to insertion. Intrauterine growth restriction was associated with a significant risk for dinoprostone insert removal. Neonatal outcomes were similar in cases of successful or failed ripening.ConclusionThe success of cervical ripening with dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert can be predicted by factors that can be recognized at admission.
Pigment epithelium-derived factor: a key mediator in bone homeostasis and potential for bone regenerative therapy
Authors: Baxter-Holland Mia , Dass Crispin R 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a multifunctional endogenous glycoprotein, has a very wide range of biological actions, notably in bone homeostasis. The question has been raised regarding the place of PEDF in the treatment of bone disorders and osteosarcoma, and its potential for tumour growth suppression.

Methods
The PubMed database was used to compile this review.

Key findings
Pigment epithelium-derived factor's actions in osteoid tissues include promoting mesenchymal stem cell commitment to osteoblasts, increasing matrix mineralisation, and promoting osteoblast proliferation. It shows potential to improve therapeutic outcomes in treatment of multiple cancer types and regrowth of bone after trauma or resection in animal studies. PEDF may possibly have a reduced adverse effect profile compared with current osteo-regenerative treatments; however, there is currently very limited evidence regarding the safety or efficacy in human models.

Summary
Pigment epithelium-derived factor is very active within the body, particularly in osseous tissue, and its physiological actions give it potential for treatment of both bone disorders and multiple tumour types. Further research is needed to ascertain the adverse effects and safety profile of PEDF as a therapeutic agent.
The morphogenetic approach and immanent causality: A spinozian perspective
Authors: Knio Karim 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe morphogenetic approach as powered by analytical dualism offers an appealing account of the processes whereby people – through their reflexivities – reflect back on structures and cultures during the double and triple morphogenesis of agency. However, in order to further specify an account of social change, this paper argues that it would be helpful to provide an account of what occurs in the other direction as well: from the direction of structures and cultures, between each other and towards people, also at the points of double and triple morphogenesis of agency. This article is therefore a theoretical piece that proposes a reading of the morphogenetic model imbued with an enlightened understanding of immanent causality, driven by the Spinozian doctrine of parallelism and operationalized by his understanding of the two expressive roles of ideas.
Methanogenic Archaea dominate mature heartwood habitats of Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
Authors: Yip Daniel Z. , Veach Allison M. , Yang Zamin K. , Cregger Melissa A. , Schadt Christopher W. 
Published: July 2018

Summary

While recent reports demonstrate that the direct emission of methane from living tree trunks may be a significant terrestrial emission source, there has been debate whether tree emissions are due to transport from soils or produced in the wood environment itself. Reports of methanogens from wood of trees were prominent in the literature 40 years ago but have not been revisited with molecular ecology approaches.

We examined communities associated with Populus deltoides using rRNA gene sequence analyses and how these vary with tree and wood properties.

Our data indicate that wood environments are dominated by anaerobic microbiomes. Methanogens are prominent in heartwood (mean 34% relative abundance) compared to sapwood environments (13%), and dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were classified as the Methanobacterium sp. Members of the Firmicutes phylum comprised 39% of total sequences and were in 42% greater abundance in sapwood over heartwood niches. Tree diameter was the strongest predictor of methanogen abundance, but wood moisture content and pH were also significant predictors of taxon abundance and overall community composition.

Unlike microbiomes of the soil, rhizosphere and phyllosphere, wood associated communities are shaped by unique environmental conditions and may be prominent and overlooked sources of methane emissions in temperate forest systems.
Leaf rehydration capacity: Associations with other indices of drought tolerance and environment
Authors: John Grace P. , Henry Christian , Sack Lawren 
Published: July 2018

AbstractClarifying the mechanisms of leaf and whole plant drought responses is critical to predict the impacts of ongoing climate change. The loss of rehydration capacity has been used for decades as a metric of leaf dehydration tolerance but has not been compared with other aspects of drought tolerance. We refined methods for quantifying the percent loss of rehydration capacity (PLRC), and for 18 Southern California woody species, we determined the relative water content and leaf water potential at PLRC of 10%, 25%, and 50%, and, additionally, the PLRC at important stages of dehydration including stomatal closure and turgor loss. On average, PLRC of 10% occurred below turgor loss point and at similar water status to 80% decline of stomatal conductance. As hypothesized, the sensitivity to loss of leaf rehydration capacity varied across species, leaf habits, and ecosystems and correlated with other drought tolerance traits, including the turgor loss point and structural traits including leaf mass per area. A new database of PLRC for 89 species from the global literature indicated greater leaf rehydration capacity in ecosystems with lower growing season moisture availability, indicating an adaptive role of leaf cell dehydration tolerance within the complex of drought tolerance traits.
Photochemical and Photodynamical Properties of Sulfur‐Substituted Nucleic Acid Bases,
Authors: Ashwood Brennan , Pollum Marvin , Crespo‐Hernández Carlos E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSulfur‐substituted nucleobases (a.k.a., thiobases) are among the world's leading prescriptions for chemotherapy and immunosuppression. Long‐term treatment with azathioprine, 6‐mercaptopurine and 6‐thioguanine has been correlated with the photoinduced formation of carcinomas. Establishing an in‐depth understanding of the photochemical properties of these prodrugs may provide a route to overcoming these carcinogenic side effects, or, alternatively, a basis for developing effective compounds for targeted phototherapy. In this review, a broad examination is undertaken, surveying the basic photochemical properties and excited‐state dynamics of sulfur‐substituted analogs of the canonical DNA and RNA nucleobases. A molecular‐level understanding of how sulfur substitution so remarkably perturbs the photochemical properties of the nucleobases is presented by combining experimental results with quantum‐chemical calculations. Structure‐property relationships demonstrate the impact of site‐specific sulfur substitution on the photochemical properties, particularly on the population of the reactive triplet state. The value of fundamental photochemical investigations for driving the development of ultraviolet‐A chemotherapeutics is showcased. The most promising photodynamic agents identified thus far have been investigated in various carcinoma cell lines and shown to decrease cell proliferation upon exposure to ultraviolet‐A radiation. Overarching principles have been elucidated for the impact that sulfur substitution of the carbonyl oxygen has on the photochemical properties of the nucleobases.
Factors associated with additional time dental hygienists spent on educating patients with diabetes
Authors: Yuen Hon K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimsTo investigate what dental hygienists’ practice characteristics and oral health topics are associated with additional time dental hygienists spent on educating patients with diabetes.MethodsA one‐page survey was mailed to 2237 registered dental hygienists in South Carolina. Survey questions focused on perceptions of dental hygienists regarding their oral health preventive education for patients with diabetes. After two follow‐up mails, we received 995 usable questionnaires.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression modeling showed dental hygienist respondents who spent additional time educating patients with diabetes about oral health felt they had adequately covered the topics on effects of periodontal disease related to diabetes, effects of uncontrolled diabetes on periodontal disease, and nutrition and dietary counseling. In addition, a higher number of patients with diabetes treated per week, and a shorter recall interval for patients were also associated with more likelihood of respondents spending additional time educating patients with diabetes.ConclusionResults suggest that the additional time that dental hygienist respondents spent on educating patients with diabetes was related to oral health issues associated with diabetes, not just repetition of routine oral hygiene and plaque control instructions.
Oxygen therapy improves cerebral oxygen delivery and neurovascular function in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Hoiland Ryan L. , Mladinov Suzana , Barak Otto F. , Willie Christopher K. , Mijacika Tanja , Stembridge Mike , Dujic Zeljko , Ainslie Philip N. 
Published: July 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
How does oxygen therapy influence cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygen delivery and neurovascular function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Oxygen therapy improves cerebral oxygen delivery and neurovascular function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. This improvement in cerebral oxygen delivery and neurovascular function might provide a physiological link between oxygen therapy and a reduced risk of cerebrovascular disease (e.g. stroke, mild cognitive impairment and dementia) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

AbstractWe investigated the role of hypoxaemia in cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen delivery (CDO2) and neurovascular coupling (coupling of CBF to neural activity; NVC) in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (n = 14). Resting CBF (duplex ultrasound), peripheral oxyhaemoglobin saturation (; pulse‐oximetry) and NVC (transcranial Doppler) were assessed before and after a 20 min wash‐in of supplemental oxygen (∼3 l min−1). The peripheral oxyhaemoglobin saturation increased from 91.0 ± 3.3 to 97.4 ± 3.0% (P < 0.01), whereas CBF was unaltered (593.0 ± 162.8 versus 590.1 ± 138.5 ml min−1; P = 0.91) with supplemental O2. In contrast, both CDO2 (98.1 ± 25.7 versus 108.7 ± 28.4 ml dl−1; P = 0.02) and NVC were improved. Specifically, the posterior cerebral artery cerebrovascular conductance was increased to a greater extent after O2 normalization (+40%, from 20.4 ± 9.9 to 28.0 ± 10.4% increase in conductance; P = 0.04), whereas the posterior cerebral artery cerebrovascular resistance decreased to a greater extent during O2 normalization (+22%, from −16.7 ± 7.3 to −21.4 ± 6.6% decrease in resistance; P = 0.04). The cerebral vasculature of COPD patients appears insensitive to oxygen, because CBF was unaltered in response to O2 supplementation leading to improved CDO2. In patients, the improvements in CDO2 and neurovascular function with supplemental O2 may underlie the cognitive benefits associated with O2 therapy.
Age-dependent cardiac function during experimental sepsis: effect of pharmacological activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by AICAR
Authors: Inata Yu , Piraino Giovanna , Hake Paul W. , O’Connor Michael , Lahni Patrick , Wolfe Vivian , Schulte Christine , Moore Victoria , James Jeanne M. , Zingarelli Basilia 
Published: July 2018

Age represents a major risk factor for multiple organ failure, including cardiac dysfunction, in patients with sepsis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial regulator of energy homeostasis that controls mitochondrial biogenesis by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α and disposal of defective organelles by autophagy. We investigated whether AMPK dysregulation contributes to age-dependent cardiac injury in young (2–3 mo) and mature adult (11–13 mo) male mice subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture and whether AMPK activation by 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside affords cardioprotective effects. Plasma proinflammatory cytokines and myokine follistatin were similarly elevated in vehicle-treated young and mature adult mice at 18 h after sepsis. However, despite equivalent troponin I and T levels compared with similarly treated young mice, vehicle-treated mature adult mice exhibited more severe cardiac damage by light and electron microscopy analyses with more marked intercellular edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mitochondrial derangement. Echocardiography revealed that vehicle-treated young mice exhibited left ventricular dysfunction after sepsis, whereas mature adult mice exhibited a reduction in stroke volume without apparent changes in load-dependent indexes of cardiac function. At molecular analysis, phosphorylation of the catalytic subunits AMPK-α1/α2 was associated with nuclear translocation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α in vehicle-treated young but not mature adult mice. Treatment with 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside ameliorated cardiac architecture derangement in mice of both ages. These cardioprotective effects were associated with attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response and amelioration of cardiac dysfunction in young mice only, not in mature adult animals. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our data suggest that sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction manifests with age-dependent characteristics, which are associated with a distinct regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent metabolic pathways. Consistent with this age-related deterioration, pharmacological activation of AMP-activated protein kinase may afford cardioprotective effects allowing a partial recovery of cardiac function in young but not mature age.
Erbin Suppresses KSR1-Mediated RAS/RAF Signaling and Tumorigenesis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Stevens Payton D. , Wen Yang-An , Xiong Xiaopeng , Zaytseva Yekaterina Y. , Li Austin T. , Wang Chi , Stevens Ashley T. , Farmer Trevor N. , Gan Tong , Weiss Heidi L. , Inagaki Masaki , Marchetto Sylvie , Borg Jean-Paul , Gao Tianyan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Erbin belongs to the LAP (leucine-rich repeat and PDZ domain) family of scaffolding proteins that plays important roles in orchestrating cell signaling. Here, we show that Erbin functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer. Analysis of Erbin expression in colorectal cancer patient specimens revealed that Erbin was downregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in tumor tissues. Knockdown of Erbin disrupted epithelial cell polarity and increased cell proliferation in 3D culture. In addition, silencing Erbin resulted in increased amplitude and duration of signaling through Akt and RAS/RAF pathways. Erbin loss induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which coincided with a significant increase in cell migration and invasion. Erbin interacted with kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) and displaced it from the RAF/MEK/ERK complex to prevent signal propagation. Furthermore, genetic deletion of Erbin in Apc knockout mice promoted tumorigenesis and significantly reduced survival. Tumor organoids derived from Erbin/Apc double knockout mice displayed increased tumor initiation potential and activation of Wnt signaling. Results from gene set enrichment analysis revealed that Erbin expression associated positively with the E-cadherin adherens junction pathway and negatively with Wnt signaling in human colorectal cancer. Taken together, our study identifies Erbin as a negative regulator of tumor initiation and progression by suppressing Akt and RAS/RAF signaling in vivo.
Significance: These findings establish the scaffold protein Erbin as a negative regulator of EMT and tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer through direct suppression of Akt and RAS/RAF signaling. Cancer Res; 78(17); 4839–52. ©2018 AACR.
Functions and Mechanisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Noncoding RNAs in Bone-Invasive Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Zhu Haibo , Guo Jing , Shen Yutao , Dong Wei , Gao Hua , Miao Yazhou , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurpose: To explore the molecular mechanism and prognosis of bone-invasive pituitary adenomas (BIPA).Experimental design: A total of 274 patients with pituitary adenomas were followed up. Transcriptomic microarrays analysis was performed on 10 pituitary adenomas, including five BIPAs and five non-bone-invasive pituitary adenomas (NBIPA). The targeted molecular markers were validated by qRT-PCR, IHC, ELISA, and osteoclast differentiation.Results: Clinical variable analyses revealed a significant correlation between bone invasion and female sex, large tumor volume, non-gross total resection (NGTR), and tumor regrowth. BIPAs had worse progression-free survival (PFS) than did NBIPAs in the NGTR and nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA) groups. Gene ontology functional and KEGG pathway analyses showed that the biological processes and pathways were primarily immune and inflammatory pathways. Pathway act work showed that osteoclast differentiation pathway was significantly implicated in the pathway network. BIPAs had higher expression of TNFα than that of NBIPAs on IHC. In vitro, TNFα could induce RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into mature osteoclasts, leading to bone destruction. NR_033258, lncRNA SNHG24, miR-181c-5p, and miR-454-3p can regulate TNFα expression.Conclusions: BIPAs had worse PFS than did NBIPAs in the NGTR and NFPA groups. Inflammatory and immune factors play an important role in BIPAs. TNFα can directly induce osteoclast differentiation in BIPAs. NR_033258, lncRNA SNHG24, miR-181c-5p, and miR-454-3p can regulate TNFα expression. TNFα and its related lncRNAs and miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets for bone-invasive pituitary adenomas in the future. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5757–66. ©2018 AACR.
Molecular Imaging of Radiolabeled Bispecific T-Cell Engager 89Zr-AMG211 Targeting CEA-Positive Tumors
Authors: Waaijer Stijn J.H. , Warnders Frank J. , Stienen Sabine , Friedrich Matthias , Sternjak Alexander , Cheung H. Kam , van Scheltinga Anton G.T. Terwisscha , Schröder Carolien P. , de Vries Elisabeth G.E. , Lub-de Hooge Marjolijn N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Purpose: AMG 211, a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody construct, targets carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the CD3 epsilon subunit of the human T-cell receptor. AMG 211 was labeled with zirconium-89 (89Zr) or fluorescent dye to evaluate the tumor-targeting properties.
Experimental Design: 89Zr-AMG211 was administered to mice bearing CEA-positive xenograft tumors of LS174T colorectal adenocarcinoma or BT474 breast cancer cells, as well as CEA-negative HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia xenografts. Biodistribution studies with 2- to 10-μg 89Zr-AMG211 supplemented with unlabeled AMG 211 up to 500-μg protein dose were performed. A BiTE that does not bind CEA, 89Zr-Mec14, served as a negative control. 89Zr-AMG211 integrity was determined in tumor lysates ex vivo. Intratumoral distribution was studied with IRDye800CW-AMG211. Moreover, 89Zr-AMG211 was manufactured according to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines for clinical trial NCT02760199.
Results: 89Zr-AMG211 demonstrated dose-dependent tumor uptake at 6 hours. The highest tumor uptake was observed with a 2-μg dose, and the lowest tumor uptake was observed with a 500-μg dose. After 24 hours, higher uptake of 10-μg 89Zr-AMG211 occurred in CEA-positive xenografts, compared with CEA-negative xenografts. Although the blood half-life of 89Zr-AMG211 was approximately 1 hour, tumor retention persisted for at least 24 hours. 89Zr-Mec14 showed no tumor accumulation beyond background level. Ex vivo autoradiography revealed time-dependent disintegration of 89Zr-AMG211. 800CW-AMG211 was specifically localized in CEA-expressing viable tumor tissue. GMP-manufactured 89Zr-AMG211 fulfilled release specifications.
Conclusions: 89Zr-AMG211 showed dose-dependent CEA-specific tumor targeting and localization in viable tumor tissue. Our data enabled its use to clinically evaluate AMG 211 in vivo behavior. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 4988–96. ©2018 AACR.
Comparison of Serum A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-19 Levels in Different Fertility Situations: Could It Be a Serum Marker of Ovarian Function and Oocyte Pool?
Authors: Ersoy Ebru , Özler Sibel , Öztaş Efser , Ersoy Ali Özgür , Ergin Merve , Tokmak Aytekin , Yilmaz Nafiye 
Published: July 2018

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) enzymes take part in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling which has been shown to contribute to the ovulation and follicular functions. We aimed to compare serum levels of ADAMTS-19 in patients with different fertility situations. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 86 women were enrolled to this cross sectional and case-control study. Four groups were constituted with respect to women’s clinical and hormonal status: group 1, women with premature ovarian failure (POF; <i>n</i> = 21); group 2, women with natural menopause (<i>n</i> = 21); group 3, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; <i>n</i> = 22); and group 4, healthy fertile controls. Serum ADAMTS-19 levels and individual characteristics were compared among groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> ­ADAMTS-19 levels were found as 36.7 ± 10.2, 40.1 ± 12.6, 46.7 ± 16.1, and 51.0 ± 18.8 ng/mL in POF, fertile, natural menopause, and PCOS groups, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Especially, ADAMTS-19 levels in the PCOS group were significantly higher than the POF group, as found in dual comparisons (<i>p</i> = 0.010). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> ADAMTS-19 was found to be higher in PCOS patients than in POF patients. This work provides a novel vantage point for function of ECM within the ovary. ADAMTS-19 may have a potential for being an important marker of ovarian function and oocyte pool.