bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular myocardial constructive work predicts reduction of ejection fraction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Chilingaryan Aram , Tunyan Lusine , Arzumanyan Milena , Ustyan Tsiala , Ghrmajyan Harutyun , Asatryan Armenuhi , Iskandaryan Nadezhda , Chobanyan Bella , Barkhudaryan Anush , Balyan Hovik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

We aimed to found predictors of EF deterioration in HFpEF patients toprevent their further deterioration.
Methods. We studied 215 patients(63% women) 73±8 years with HFpEF and with records of Charlson index(CI), glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Myocardial work (MW), globallongitudinal (LS), radial (RS), circumferential (SS) and area strain(AS).GW index , global constructive work (GCW), wasted work, GWefficiency were obtained by echocardiography. Patients followed up for 3years.
Results. 5 patients developed myocardial infarction and wereexcluded from the study.Baseline EF was higher in women (61,2 ± 3,1 vs56,4 ± 2,7; P<0.002), in patients >70 years (62,4 ± 2,1 vs 57,1 ± 2,3;p<0.005), and with end-diastolic volume index <60 ml/m2 (56,1 ± 3,2vs 63,4 ± 2,3; p<0.001). EF decline compared to baseline was -7.3 ±1.6%, p<0.01. EF decline was significantly more in patients >70 years, inpatients with coronary artery disease and did not relate to sex, LV size,CI, and GFR. During follow up 58(27%) patients had EF<50%.,worsening in AS (-27.9±8.5% vs -24.7±5.3%, p<0.003), LS (-19.7±2.4% vs -17.1±1.6%, p<0.005), and GCW (2378±117 vs2102±10, p<0.002). Patients with EF <50% at the end of the study hadless AS and GCWbaseline values compared with patients with EF>50% (22.4±7.2% vs -27.6±8.1%,p<0.002; 2081±92 vs 2489±127, p<0.001). GCW was thepredictor of EF deterioration(area under curve 0,8853).
Conclusion. GCW predicts EF decline in HFpEF patients which may help earlieridentify this subset of patients and prevent their furtherdeterioration.
Male aggressiveness does not explain the frequency of reversed sexual cannibalism
Authors: Beydizada Narmin , Pekár Stano 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In a few species, males often face a choice between mating and/or cannibalizing females. Various factors influence this decision, making it essential to decipher the role of male behavioural variation. In particular, aggressiveness has been proposed to face sexual selection and increase the incidence of cannibalism in such systems. In this study, we investigated the role of male aggressiveness in the likelihood of reversed sexual cannibalism occurring in the female-cannibalistic ground spider Micaria sociabilis. We conducted behavioural experiments to measure male aggressiveness level, and to assess male mating behaviour, along with potential seasonal (spring and summer) and morphological traits (body size, female size). We found that male aggressiveness was a repeatable trait. However, it was not significantly linked to the likelihood of reversed cannibalism or to the likelihood of copulation. Similarly, aggressiveness did not affect the size of a mating plug. Seasonal variation significantly affected reversed cannibalism, with males more likely to engage in cannibalism during summer, while copulation frequency remained consistent between seasons. Additionally, while aggressiveness was not related to male attacks on females, seasonality had a notable impact, with males attacking females more frequently in summer, while females attacked males more in spring. These findings highlight the complexity of mating dynamics in M. sociabilis, pointing to a multifaceted interaction between intrinsic personality traits and extrinsic factors, such as ecological pressures and female condition. Significant statement In some species, males must navigate a trade-off between mating and cannibalizing their female partners. Our study presents surprising results on the complexities behind that choice in Micaria sociabilis spider. While male aggressiveness is often thought to increase the likelihood of cannibalism or mating success, our findings reveal it plays a less decisive role. Instead, seasonal shifts were stronger influences, with males behaving in a choosy way and being more prone to cannibalize in summer, while in spring females were choosier, likely due to high sexual receptivity, a consequence of what was zero reversed cannibalism. These insights challenge traditional views of male aggressiveness and highlight how external factors and mate quality, rather than personality traits, shape mating and cannibalism dynamics. This research offers a fresh perspective on how behavior and ecology intertwine in cannibalistic species.
Target-specific design of drug-like PPI inhibitors via hot-spot-guided generative deep learning
Authors: Sun Heqi , Li Jiayi , Zhang Yufang , Lin Shenggeng , Chen Junwei , Tan Hong , Wang Ruixuan , Mao Xueying , Zhao Jianwei , Li Rongpei , Xiong Yi , Wei Dong-qing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are vital therapeutic targets. However, the large and flat PPI interfaces pose challenges for the development of small-molecule inhibitors. Traditional computer-aided drug design approaches typically rely on pre-existing libraries or expert knowledge, limiting the exploration of novel chemical spaces needed for effective PPI inhibition. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Hot2Mol, a deep learning framework for the de novo design of drug-like, target-specific PPI inhibitors. Hot2Mol generates small molecules by mimicking the pharmacophoric features of hot-spot residues, enabling precise targeting of PPI interfaces without the need for bioactive ligands. The framework integrates three key components: a conditional transformer for pharmacophore-guided, drug-likeness-constrained molecular generation; an E(n)-equivariant graph neural network for accurate alignment with PPI hot-spot pharmacophores; and a variational autoencoder for generating novel and diverse molecular structures. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that Hot2Mol outperforms baseline models across multiple metrics, including docking affinities, drug-likenesses, synthetic accessibility, validity, uniqueness, and novelty. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations confirm the good binding stability of the generated molecules. Case studies underscore Hot2Mol's ability to design high-affinity and selective PPI inhibitors, demonstrating its potential to accelerate rational PPI drug discovery.
Management of a malignant solitary fibrous tumor of lung by uniportal video-assisted pneumonectomy : a case report
Authors: Li Ranhua , Yang Yanlong , Bao Yanan , Zhou Yong , Cui Yue , Xiong Guosheng , Zhang Jing , Zhao Yunping , Chen Xiaobo , Yin Xiaochuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare condition, first described by Klemperer and Robin in 1931. Malignant SFTs accounts for approximately 80% of all SFTs cases, and the 5-year survival of malignant SFTs is 81%. Few reports have described managing SFTs using uniportal video-assisted pneumonectomy.
Case presentation: A 35-year-old man with tumor in the left pulmonary was assessed by preoperative 3D-computed tomography (3D-CT) reconstruction and treated by uniportal video-assisted pneumonectomy. A pathological diagnosis of SFT was confrmed.
Conclusions: The 3D-CT reconstruction could help to provide an appropriate operative programme for surgeons. It is necessary to control the main pulmonary arterial trunk to avoid hemorrhage when preoperative evaluation does not exclude the possibility of intraoperative hemorrhage. The choice of surgery area is affected by size and location of SFT.
Percutaneous microwave ablation of cT1b renal cell carcinoma: Safety and oncologic efficacy in a large, single-center elderly and comorbid cohort
Authors: Wells Shane , Shapiro Daniel , Borza Tudor , Allen Glenn , James Hinshaw , Timothy Ziemlewicz , Brace Christopher , Alice Semerjian , Abel Jason 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate safety and oncologic efficacy of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for treating clinically localized T1b (cT1b) renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Methods: This single-center retrospective study was performed under a waiver of informed consent. Seventy-four consecutive patients (49M/25F) with 76 cT1b RCC (median tumor diameter 4.5 cm) were treated with percutaneous MWA between 5/2012 and 8/2020. Patients were stratified into two groups by technique, depending on whether antennas were repositioned for additional ablation or not. Primary efficacy, complications, and local tumor progression (LTP) were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher’s exact tests. The Kaplan Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: Patients were elderly (median age 69.5), obese (median BMI 34.5) and comorbid (Charlson Comorbidity Index = 4). Most tumors were low-grade (grade 1-2) (67/89, 88%) and clear cell RCC was the most common histology (62/76, 82%). A median of three MWA antennas were powered at 65W for 7 min for treatment. Renal masses were larger (4.6 vs 4.5 cm, p=0.01) and procedure times longer (100 min vs 80.5 min, p=0.04) for the antenna reposition cohort (n=34, 45%). Primary efficacy and high-grade complication rates were 93% and 8%, respectively. The local tumor progression rate (LTP), at a median follow-up was 28.2 months, was 16%. Primary efficacy, low and high-grade complications, change in estimated glomerular filtration rate and LTP were similar between cohorts (p=0.20-0.55).
Conclusion: Percutaneous MWA for cT1b RCC is safe in elderly and comorbid patients with acceptable oncologic efficacy. Repeat ablation is well-tolerated and can improve oncologic efficacy.
Genetic predictors of chronic kidney disease in children
Authors: Iskenderova Bayan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is an important medical and social issue due to its potential for serious consequences, such as hypertension and kidney failure, as well as its impact on the quality of life of young patients. It is essential to comprehend the genetic foundation of CKD in order to create efficient diagnostic and treatment plans. In a cohort of children with CKD, this study sought to determine the impact of genetic variants in the ACE, AGTR1, and NOS3 genes on clinical markers of CKD, such as blood pressure, renal abnormalities, and proteinuria levels. In this study, which comprised 109 youngsters split into main and control groups, polymorphic loci in the renin-angiotensin system were thoroughly analyzed genetically. The results showed a substantial correlation between the ACE (DD) genotype and higher levels of proteinuria, indicating a more severe course of the disease and a higher risk of complications. This demonstrates how the ACE genotype may be used as a biomarker for pediatric CKD risk assessment and early diagnosis.
As opposed to the AA genotype, the AGTR1 (AC) genotype did not significantly correlate with the incidence of kidney abnormalities found by ultrasound. Similarly, compared to the bb genotype, the NOS3 (ab) genotype did not significantly raise blood pressure levels. These findings imply that whereas AGTR1 and NOS3 polymorphisms may have a less significant effect or be modified by other genetic or environmental variables, ACE polymorphisms are essential for the clinical presentation of CKD.
The work highlights the need for more research to examine other genetic markers and their interactions, as well as the intricacy of genetic relationships in the development of chronic kidney disease. A better comprehension of these genetic factors may result in the creation of more individualized and efficient treatment and diagnostic strategies. Because customized interventions based on individual genetic profiles are made possible by the integration of genetic testing into clinical practice, disease prognosis and management may be enhanced.
To sum up, this study emphasizes how crucial genetic analysis is to comprehending childhood CKD. Even while the ACE (DD) genotype is a notable predictor of disease severity, more research is needed to clarify the contributions of other genetic variables. These results lend credence to the idea of incorporating genetic testing into standard clinical practice in order to improve young patients' early diagnosis, risk evaluation, and tailored treatment of chronic kidney disease.
Sunflower stem pith cellulose with different allomorphic nanocrystals for oil-in-water emulsions
Authors: Feng Tianqi , Yan Chen , Sun Zhiyun , Sun Shijing , Huang Caoxing , Zhou Xin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Nanocellulose (CNF) as a stabilizer for Pickering emulsions has been widely interested in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. However, cellulose crystal types have been less studied on the emulsification properties of Pickering emulsions. In this study, three different crystalline nanocelluloses (CNF I, CNF II and CNF III) were investigated as stabilizers for Pickering emulsions. CNF I was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. CNF II and CNF III were obtained by immersing CNF I in sodium hydroxide and ethylenediamine, respectively. CNF I was a fibrous structure (L/D=95.29), while CNF II and CNF III appeared as ellipsoidal nanoparticles with a “Needle-like” structure. The aspect ratios-averaged were 21.86 and 44.05, respectively. Three types of CNF had lower zeta potentials (<-30.0 mV). However, Pickering emulsions stabilized by CNF II had smaller droplet sizes (D3, 2), approximately one times smaller droplet sizes of CNF I and CNF III. However, compared with CNF I and CNF III, Pickering emulsions prepared with CNF II had poor stability. It was shown that the crystal morphology of CNF was particularly important for the stability of Pickering emulsions compared to the morphologies of CNF themselves in this work. It is obvious that CNF I and CNF III tended to have better emulsification properties.
Lactate-to-albumin ratio index correlates with the occurrence and prognosis of acute kidney injury complicated by cardiac surgery
Authors: Wang Congying , Sun Xin , Chen Kun , Wang Lili , Chen Shuxia , Li Dehua , Gu Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR), an emerging biomarker, has been recognized as an indicator of poor prognosis in various critical illnesses. However, the relationship between LAR and the incidence and prognosis of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain. This study aims to elucidate this relationship through a comprehensive analysis of a large cohort from the MIMIC database.
Methods
This study utilized a retrospective cohort design to analyze adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) following cardiac surgery. Statistical methods such as logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and subgroup analysis were employed to assess the predictive value of LAR for the occurrence of AKI and adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery.
Results
A total of 11,624 cardiac surgery patients were included, among which 5,965 developed acute kidney injury. The LAR index was significantly higher in the cardiac surgery population that developed AKI compared to those who did not. Logistic regression analysis indicated that LAR was significantly associated with in-hospital and ICU mortality, even after adjusting for potential confounders across multiple models. RCS analysis revealed a non-linear relationship between elevated LAR and increased risks of in-hospital and ICU mortality in patients with AKI following cardiac surgery. Correlation analyses demonstrated a significant association between LAR and length of stay in the hospital (LOS-H), length of stay in the ICU (LOS-ICU), and SOFA scores. ROC curve analysis indicated that the LAR index had good predictive value for mortality in the AKI population following cardiac surgery. Subgroup analyses consistently showed that elevated LAR was associated with increased risks of in-hospital and ICU mortality in older adults, females, and populations regardless of hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, or chronic heart failure.
Conclusions
Elevated LAR is associated with the incidence of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and the higher mortality risk in this population. Our findings highlight the previously unrecognized role of LAR in predicting mortality in patients with AKI following cardiac surgery, warranting further validation.
Immunohistochemical assessment of the OVOL1 in pleomorphic adenoma and its malignant counterpart Key word OVOL1 Pleomorphic adenoma Carcinoma x pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Mohamed Aasha , EL-Sissy Nadia Abbas , Mohamed Marwa , Mohamed Ghada , Kashty Osama Abdelrahim El 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is one of the few benign salivary gland tumors (SGT) that can undergo malignant change. Accordingly, a detailed study of the OVOL1 in PA and carcinoma x pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) would be expected to contribute to the basic explanation of the mechanisms underlying the development of benign and malignant PA diagnosis for better evaluation of tumor biologic behavior.
Method
This retrospective study included 40 eligible cases (20 cases of PA and 20 cases of CXPA). The medical electronic records of patients were collected. Data regarding age, gender, tumor size, lymph node status, and TNM staging. Re-examination and revision of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides were performed by expert pathologists. The OVOL1 immunostaining was used to differentiate between PA and CXPA.
Results
The OVOL1 level was higher significantly in PA lesions compared to CXPA.
Conclusion
OVOL1 down-expression may be contributing to the progression of PA to CXPA, which may provide a marker for malignant potentiality in PA and CXPA.
Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Na , Li Yanyan , Lin Yingying , Cui XinYu , Li Xin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with chronic inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders. The neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) is an integrative marker reflecting inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism disorders. It has been associated with the prognosis of several diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NHR and the risk of NAFLD and liver fibrosis.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).weighted multivariate regression was used to investigate the association of NHR with NAFLD and liver fibrosis. and restricted cubic spline model was used to explore potential non-linear relationships. Subgroup analyses were used to verify the stability of the relationship of NHR with NAFLD and liver fibrosis in different populations.
Results
A total of 6526 participants were included in the study. After adjusting for confounders, the elevated NHR levels were positively associated with the risk of NAFLD. for every unit increase in NHR, there was a 2.5 dB/m increase in the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) (β = 2.5; P = 0.019) and an 11% increase in NAFLD prevalence (OR = 1.11; P < 0.05). Participants in the highest quartile of NHR had a twofold increased risk of developing NAFLD compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 2.00; P < 0.001). However, after adjusting for confounders, the association between NHR and liver fibrosis was not statistically significant. RCS analyses showed that the risk of NAFLD increased with increasing NHR water at NHR values below 3.013. The risk of developing liver fibrosis was significantly increased at NHR above 3.013. Subgroup analyses showed that the positive association between NHR and NAFLD was more pronounced in women and participants without diabetes or hypertension.
Conclusion
Elevated NHR levels are positively correlated with the risk of NAFLD, particularly in women and individuals without diabetes or hypertension. and the risk of developing liver fibrosis significantly increases at NHR values above 3.013. which can help in the early detection of NAFLD and liver fibrosis and timely intervention.
Sex hormone-binding globulin and sex-specific association between irritable bowel syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Mengying , Tan Yinxi , Guo Huangda , Peng Hexiang , Wang Siyue , Zheng Yi , Hou Tianjiao , Gao Chenghua , Xian Wenyan , Huang Jie , Wu Tao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the sex-specific association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and further explore whether sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was the potential cause of the sex-specific association.
Methods
The study was a prospective analysis based on the UK biobank (UKB) data. We included 359 503 participants, all of whom were without T2D diagnosis and had complete SHBG information at baseline. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using non-IBS group as the reference, further stratified by sex and SHBG levels in multi-adjusted models.
Results
During a median follow-up of 10.4 years, 14 317 incident T2D cases had been documented. A statistically significant increased risk of T2D with IBS compared to those without IBS was observed in all multi-adjusted models (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.23–1.42, P < 0.001). Additionally, a sex-specific association between IBS and T2D was found (Pinteraction=0.008), with the risk in women (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.31–1.57) being higher than in men (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01–1.29). A significant effect modification of SHBG was also observed in the association between IBS and T2D (Pinteraction=0.001). The risk of incident T2D was higher in participants with higher SHBG levels (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.25–1.63) than in those with lower SHBG levels (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.16–1.37). Furthermore, we observed that the elevated risk of T2D associated with IBS may be strengthened by the genetic susceptibility to T2D.
Conclusions
A sex-specific association between IBS and T2D was found, and SHBG level might be the cause of the sex-specific association.