bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to and Facilitators of Implementing Team-Based Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Simulation Study: Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Brown Joan , De-Oliveira Sophia , Mitchell Christopher , Cesar Rachel Carmen , Ding Li , Fix Melissa , Stemen Daniel , Yacharn Krisda , Wong Se Fum , Dhillon Anahat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a critical tool in the care of severe cardiorespiratory dysfunction. Simulation training for ECMO has become standard practice. Therefore, Keck Medicine of the University of California (USC) holds simulation-training sessions to reinforce and improve providers knowledge.

Objective
This study aimed to understand the impact of simulation training approaches on interprofessional collaboration. We believed simulation-based ECMO training would improve interprofessional collaboration through increased communication and enhance teamwork.

Methods
This was a single-center, mixed methods study of the Cardiac and Vascular Institute Intensive Care Unit at Keck Medicine of USC conducted from September 2021 to April 2023. Simulation training was offered for 1 hour monthly to the clinical team focused on the collaboration and decision-making needed to evaluate the initiation of ECMO therapy. Electronic surveys were distributed before, after, and 3 months post training. The survey evaluated teamwork and the effectiveness of training, and focus groups were held to understand social environment factors. Additionally, trainee and peer evaluation focus groups were held to understand socioenvironmental factors.

Results
In total, 37 trainees attended the training simulation from August 2021 to August 2022. Using 27 records for exploratory factor analysis, the standardized Cronbach α was 0.717. The survey results descriptively demonstrated a positive shift in teamwork ability. Qualitative themes identified improved confidence and decision-making.

Conclusions
The study design was flawed, indicating improvement opportunities for future research on simulation training in the clinical setting. The paper outlines what to avoid when designing and implementing studies that assess an educational intervention in a complex clinical setting. The hypothesis deserves further exploration and is supported by the results of this study.
Factors Associated With the Accuracy of Large Language Models in Basic Medical Science Examinations: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kaewboonlert Naritsaret , Poontananggul Jiraphon , Pongsuwan Natthipong , Bhakdisongkhram Gun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become widely applied across many fields, including medical education. Content validation and its answers are based on training datasets and the optimization of each model. The accuracy of large language model (LLMs) in basic medical examinations and factors related to their accuracy have also been explored.

Objective
We evaluated factors associated with the accuracy of LLMs (GPT-3.5, GPT-4, Google Bard, and Microsoft Bing) in answering multiple-choice questions from basic medical science examinations.

Methods
We used questions that were closely aligned with the content and topic distribution of Thailand’s Step 1 National Medical Licensing Examination. Variables such as the difficulty index, discrimination index, and question characteristics were collected. These questions were then simultaneously input into ChatGPT (with GPT-3.5 and GPT-4), Microsoft Bing, and Google Bard, and their responses were recorded. The accuracy of these LLMs and the associated factors were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. This analysis aimed to assess the effect of various factors on model accuracy, with results reported as odds ratios (ORs).

Results
The study revealed that GPT-4 was the top-performing model, with an overall accuracy of 89.07% (95% CI 84.76%‐92.41%), significantly outperforming the others (P<.001). Microsoft Bing followed with an accuracy of 83.69% (95% CI 78.85%‐87.80%), GPT-3.5 at 67.02% (95% CI 61.20%‐72.48%), and Google Bard at 63.83% (95% CI 57.92%‐69.44%). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a correlation between question difficulty and model performance, with GPT-4 demonstrating the strongest association. Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between model accuracy and question length, negative wording, clinical scenarios, or the discrimination index for most models, except for Google Bard, which showed varying correlations.

Conclusions
The GPT-4 and Microsoft Bing models demonstrated equal and superior accuracy compared to GPT-3.5 and Google Bard in the domain of basic medical science. The accuracy of these models was significantly influenced by the item’s difficulty index, indicating that the LLMs are more accurate when answering easier questions. This suggests that the more accurate models, such as GPT-4 and Bing, can be valuable tools for understanding and learning basic medical science concepts.
Design and Use of Patient-Facing Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes and Sensor Data Visualizations During Outpatient Chemotherapy
Authors: Bartel Christianna , Chen Leeann , Huang Weiyu , Li Qichang , Li Qingyang , Fedor Jennifer , Durica Krina C , Low Carissa A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study describes patients’ interaction with a personalized web-based visualization displaying daily electronic patient-reported outcomes and wearable device data during outpatient chemotherapy.
Net Reproduction Number as a Real-Time Metric of Population Reproducibility
Authors: Achangwa Chiara , Han Changhee , Lim Jun-Sik , Cho Seonghui , Choi Sangbum , Ryu Sukhyun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The total fertility rate (TFR) is a biased estimate of the population reproductive potential when there is a sex-ratio imbalance at birth, and it does not account for the mortality of women of childbearing age. This study aimed to estimate the reproduction rate (Rt), which adjusts for the sex-ratio imbalance and the mortality of women of childbearing age, and to assess the differences in the timing of when the population reached the replacement level of the TFR and Rt. We first estimated the Rt using the probability of survival in women and the number of female births. Then, using a time-series analysis, we compared the time series of the TFR and Rt in the Korean population between 1975 and 2022. We found the Rt showed a below replacement level of the population a year earlier than the TFR. However, the estimate of the time-series analysis of Rt was not significantly different from the estimates of the TFR. Our finding suggests that the Rt can provide timely information on the adjusted population reproductive potential and is easier for the public to interpret compared to TFR.
Current topics in human varicella infection: Pearls and challenges
Authors: Luthvia Annisa  , Mohamad S. Hakim  , Abu T. Aman  
Published: December 2024

Varicella zoster virus (VZV), an alphaherpesvirus, is a highly contagious and neurotropic virus infecting the majority of the adult and pediatric population worldwide. Varicella zoster virus is the only human herpesvirus for which a licensed live attenuated vaccine has been developed. It can be considered that additional study on VZV is superfluous given the significant success of the VZV vaccines. This has been the case for other viruses including rubella and measles, for which effective vaccinations are widely available. Contrarily, much regarding VZV, a complex and chronic human disease due to its latency, still needs to be uncovered. Over the past two decades, our understanding of the molecular biology of VZV and its pathogenicity has expanded. In this review, we discussed our recent understanding of VZV biology, pathogenesis as well as its clinical aspect, including diagnosis, clinical management, and vaccine development.
An Empirical Study on Customer Retention: A Case Study of Melaka Tourism Industry
Authors: Chek Talib Nurul Azlinda , Nordin Noorain Mohd , Mohd Rodzi Siti Nurul Aini , Zamri Izzatul Anis 
Published: December 2024

Customer retention has been emphasized as a significant subject of study in the competitive landscape of tourism destinations. Melaka is among the most frequented sites in Malaysia by both local and foreign tourists. It features a combination of heritage attractions that reflect its designation as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. This study examines the determinants of customer retention in Melaka empirically. Questionnaires were employed to gather pertinent information from the tourists to know the factors affecting their repeat visitation to Melaka. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between Destination Attributes, Motive, Cost, and Promotion Strategy related to customer retention in Melaka. The results indicate that Destination Attributes, Motive, and Cost have a positive relationship to customer retention meanwhile Promotion strategy was not related to customer retention empirically. The findings of this study suggested that "cost" was the primary factor influencing customer retention in Melaka. In conclusion, first-time and returning tourists possess distinct expectations yet exhibit comparable pleasure about the aspects of heritage attractions in the Heritage City of Melaka. Future researchers are advised to explore additional factors such as service quality and attraction management to increase the scope of the study. Expanding the sample size would also provide more robust insights, allowing for a broader generalization of findings. By refining the research design, future studies can contribute to a deeper understanding of customer retention in the tourism sector.
Experiences and attitudes toward working remotely from home in a time of pandemic: A snapshot from a New Zealand-based online survey
Authors: Pacheco Edgar 
Published: December 2024

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, employees from around the world were compelled to work remotely from home and, in many cases, without much preparation. A substantial body of international research has been conducted on the experiences and attitudes of remote workers as well as the implications of this phenomenon for organisations. While New Zealand research evidence is growing, most existing inquiry is qualitative. This paper provides a quantitative snapshot of remote working using survey data from participants whose jobs can be done from home (n=415). Data collection took place when the country was facing Covid-related measures.

Based on descriptive and inferential statistics, it was found that, not only was remote working common, but that hybrid working arrangements were also more prevalent. While half of the participants wanted to work from home more frequently, age, but not gender, was significantly associated with this preference. Another relevant finding is that perceived change in the workplace culture due to flexible work arrangements was significantly associated with preference for working remotely more often. Finally, the most common perceived barriers to working from home were slow internet speed, the need to attend face-to-face meetings, and limited space at home to work. The implications of the results are discussed and some directions for future research are proposed.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN ONLINE PADA HOME INDUSTRY ECENG GONDOK ALYA HANDY CRAFT DI KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Saputro Irvan Adi 
Published: December 2024

Alya Handy Craft adalah sebuah Home Industry kreatif yang terletak di Dusun Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kecamatan Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah. Alya Handy Craft mampu menciptakan karya seni berbentuk produk kerajinan dari bahan tanaman eceng gondok, sehingga bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai produk karya seni yang layak untuk di jual belikan kepada konsumen. Produk kerajinan eceng gondok yang di buat oleh Alya Handy Craft antara lain seperti Kotak Tisu, Tas, Pot Hias, Topi, Hiasan Dinding, Alas Meja, Alas Lantai, dan lain-lain. Namun dalam proses penjualannya Alya Handy Craft masih melakukan sistem direct sale yaitu pelanggan harus datang / mengunjungi langsung ke toko hal tersebut menjadi kendala dikarenakan pelanggan sering kecewa karena barang yang dicari tidak ada / kosong Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah diuraikan maka dibuat suatu Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan Online pada Home Industri Eceng Gondok Alya Handy Craft di Kabupaten Kudus, sebagai sarana penjualan produk yang dihasilkan dari Alya Handy Craft. Dalam melakukan analisa dan perancangan sistem, saya menggunakan metode model SDLC air terjun (Waterfall). Metode ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan yang sistematis, mulai dari tahap kebutuhan sistem lalu menuju ke tahap analisis, desain, coding, testing/verification, dan maintenance.
The pharmacoeconomic assessment of the rationality of the use of memantine and its combinations with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease in Ukraine
Authors: Fedotova M. S. , Panfilova H. L. , Tereshchenko L. V. , Velia M. I. , Korzh Iu. V. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To conduct the pharmacoeconomic assessment of the rationality of using memantine and its combinations with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. Historical, analytical and comparative, systematic, graphic, logical, hypothetical-deductive, as well as marketing, pharmacoeconomic, and mathematical and statistical methods of analysis were used. The pharmacoeconomic studies were conducted using the cost-effectiveness method. CER and ICER indicators were calculated for dementia treatment regimens in Alzheimer’s disease containing memantine and its combinations with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) in the period of 12 and 24 weeks of their use. The pharmacoeconomic analysis used data on the clinical effectiveness of dementia treatment regimens in Alzheimer’s disease presented in the Sochrane library (ID Number: CN-01071444; Accession Number: PUBMED 25932260e).
Results. It was found that despite the clinical advantages of using the memantine+galantamine regimen proven by scientists according to the MMSE scale, the use of the memantine+rivastigmine regimen seemed to be rational (CER1 = 23.13 and CER2 = 34.57 USD/unit of increased efficiency). The clinical and economic benefits of using the memantine+galantamine regimen in the treatment of dementia patients with Alzheimer’s disease were proven in the 12- and 24-week regimen (MMSE scale). In the case of using the AADL scale, it was rational, from the point of view of economical use of resources, in the 12-week regimen of treating patients, the use of the memantine + rivastigmine regimen was less expensive (CER1 = 18.30 $/unit of AADL score reduction), while in the 24-week regime it was the memantine + placebo regimen (CER2 = $37.58 $/ unit of AADL score reduction).
Conclusions. The research results presented can be used in forming drug purchases carried out by specialized healthcare institutions under the conditions of limited budget funding and growing needs of psychoneurological patients in effective medical and pharmaceutical care.
Theoretical aspects of the environmental management system of modern pharmaceutical market entities as a factor of the sustainable development
Authors: Sahaidak-Nikitiuk R.V. , Gladzinova O.Yu. , Nikitiuk V. H. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To develop the theoretical foundations for implementing the environmental management system in the activities of pharmaceutical market entities.
Materials and methods. The materials used in writing the article were the works of scientists, statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (Derzhstat). The research methods, such as analysis, synthesis, generalization, structural, system analysis, were used.
Results. The environmental management system of pharmaceutical market entities is closely related to the country’s economy and is one of the tasks of the sustainable development of organizations. According to the environmental paradigm, it is necessary to integrate the environmental management into the general structure of the organization. The environmental management system integrates environmental policies, environmental strategies and environmental programs, which allow the pharmaceutical market entity to create innovative products in eco-friendly productions. The article analyzes the definition of the “environmental management” and suggests that the environmental management of a pharmaceutical market entity should be understood as a part of the management system that has a clear organizational structure and aims to achieve the provisions specified in the organization’s environmental policy through the implementation of the environmental protection programs and management of environmental aspects.
Conclusions. The relevance of implementing the environmental management system in the activities of domestic pharmaceutical market entities has been studied. Based on the research conducted, the definition of the concept of the “environmental management of a pharmaceutical market entity” and its concept has been proposed.
О МЕТОДАХ ВЫБОРА НОРМИРУЕМЫХ РАДИОНУКЛИДОВ И ИСТОЧНИКОВ ВЫБРОСА ПРИ РАЗРАБОТКЕ НОРМАТИВОВ ПРЕДЕЛЬНО ДОПУСТИМЫХ ВЫБРОСОВ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В АТМОСФЕРНЫЙ ВОЗДУХ
Authors: Тимофеев Н.Б. , Шаповалов А.С. , Курындин А.В. 
Published: December 2024

В настоящей статье с точки зрения соответствия актуальным стандартам безопасности МАГАТЭ рассмотрены критерии и методы выбора подлежащих нормированию радионуклидов и источников выброса радиоактивных веществ в атмосферный воздух, установленные в нормативноправовых актах Российской Федерации, регулирующих выбросы радиоактивных веществ в окружающую среду. Продемонстрированы преимущества использования данных критериев по сравнению с аналогичными подходами, действовавшими ранее.
The article is about criteria and methods for selection of radioactive airborne discharge sources and radionuclides for which discharge limits shall be set by Russian nuclear regulatory authority. Also this article demonstrates the advantages of these criteria and methods in comparison with criteria and methods, which previously were used for similar regulatory purposes.
О НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРОБЛЕМАХ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ С ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫМИ ОТХОДАМИ, СОДЕРЖАЩИМИ ТЕХНОГЕННЫЕ РАДИОНУКЛИДЫ
Authors: Курындин А.В. , Шарафутдинов Р.Б. , Иванов Е.А. , Демьяненко М.В. , Шаров Д.А. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются правовые аспекты и аспекты безопасности обращения с промышленными отхо дами, содержащими техногенные радионуклиды, в рамках действующих в Российской Федерации системы обраще ния с отходами производства и потребления и системы обращения с радиоактивными отходами. Показано, что с правовой точки зрения данные отходы не являются радиоактивными отходами, но необходимая организационно правовая и техническая инфраструктура для обращения с ними как с отходами производства и потребления отсут ствует. Предложены пути для решения сложившейся проблемы.
The article deals with consideration of legal and radiation safety aspects of treatment of industrial waste, containing radionuclides of artificial origin, within the framework of Russian system for treatment of general waste and system for treatment of radioactive waste. Its shown that from legal point of view such waste cant be considered as radioactive waste, and, at the same time, that necessary organizational, legal and technical infrastructure for treatment of that waste as general waste, are missed. Some ways to solve the problem are suggested.
МЕТОДИКА ЭКСПРЕСС-РАСЧЕТА РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРОДУКТОВ ДЕЛЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ АВАРИЙ ДЛЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ЦЕНТРА РОСТЕХНАДЗОРА
Authors: Арбаев Г.Э. , Кавун О.Ю. , Курбонмамадов А.Ш. , Хренников Н.Н. 
Published: December 2024

В данной статье представлено краткое описание методики экспресс-расчета распределения продуктов деления в условиях тяжелых аварий на АЭС с реакторными установками типа ВВЭР для экспертов группы оценки и прогно-зирования технологического состояния объектов использования атомной энергии Информационно-аналитического центра (ИАЦ) Ростехнадзора.
This article provides a brief description of the methodology for fast estimation of fission products distribution in case of severe accidents at NPPs with VVER type reactors during the operation of the experts group for assessing and forecasting the technological state of nuclear facilities from the Informational and Analitycal Center (IAC) of Rostechnadzor.
Анализ рекомендаций замыкающих соотношений, применяемых при расчете потерь давления на трение в контурах с естественной циркуляцией двухфазных потоков водоохлаждаемых ядерных энергетических установок
Authors: Исаков Н.Ш. 
Published: December 2024

Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования интегральных гидравлических характеристик двухфазного потока в режиме естественной циркуляции в вертикальных каналах. Выполнен сравнительный анализ и определены границы применимости расчетных методик, применяемых при проектировании и обосновании систем безопасности водоохлаждаемых ядерных энергетических установок, на основе сопоставления расчетных зависимостей с полученными экспериментальными результатами. Предложены рекомендации по выбору и уточнению расчетных соотношений для потерь давления на трение.
The results of an experimental study of the integral hydraulic characteristics of two-phase flow in the mode of natural circulation in vertical channels are presented. A comparative analysis is done and determined are the limits of applicability of computational techniques used in the design and validation of safety systems of water-cooled nuclear power units, based on a comparison of the calculated dependences with the experimental results. Recommendations for the selection and refinement of the closing relations for friction pressure losses are proposed.
Conocimiento y Actitudes sobre la Prevención de la Diabetes Tipo II en Pacientes del Hospital Referencial Ferreñafe, Región Lambayeque
Authors: Mendoza Nuñez Margarita 
Published: December 2024

El propósito del estudio fue determinar la relación entre el conocimiento y actitud sobre medidas preventivas en diabetes tipo II de los pacientes del Hospital Referencial Ferreñafe, Región Lambayeque. El método empleado fue cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal, combinando un enfoque descriptivo y correlacional. En cuanto a la población, participaron 115 pacientes, seleccionándose 89 mediante un muestreo probabilístico. Las técnicas de recolección de datos incluyeron dos cuestionarios validados mediante el juicio de expertos, obteniendo una confiabilidad de 0.89 y 0.91, según el Alpha de Cronbach. Los resultados mostraron que el 75.3% presentó un conocimiento malo o regular sobre las medidas preventivas. Además, el 29.2% mostró una actitud negativa, el 58.4% presentó una actitud neutral y solo el 12.4% demostró una actitud positiva. También se observó una relación moderada entre la actitud y las dimensiones del conocimiento: Estilo (ρ = 0.086, p = 0.421), Actividad (ρ = 0.045, p = 0.677) y Monitoreo (ρ = 0.079, p = 0.462). Se identificó una incidencia notoria entre el nivel de entendimiento y la actitud con respecto medidas preventivas en DM2, con un índice de 0.833 y un nivel de 0.007. En definitiva, el estudio mostró una incidencia positiva entre el conocimiento y la actitud hacia las medidas preventivas en DM2, aunque en general de los sujetos tiene un conocimiento limitado. Mejorar la educación en salud es clave para fomentar actitudes más favorables hacia la prevención en esta población.