bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulcal Polymorphisms of the IFC and ACC Contribute to Inhibitory Control Variability in Children and Adults
Authors: Tissier Cloélia , Linzarini Adriano , Allaire-Duquette Geneviève , Mevel Katell , Poirel Nicolas , Dollfus Sonia , Etard Olivier , Orliac François , Peyrin Carole , Charron Sylvain , Raznahan Armin , Houdé Olivier , Borst Grégoire , Cachia Arnaud 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInhibitory control (IC) is a core executive function that enables humans to resist habits, temptations, or distractions. IC efficiency in childhood is a strong predictor of academic and professional success later in life. Based on analysis of the sulcal pattern, a qualitative feature of cortex anatomy determined during fetal life and stable during development, we searched for evidence that interindividual differences in IC partly trace back to prenatal processes. Using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we analyzed the sulcal pattern of two key regions of the IC neural network, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the inferior frontal cortex (IFC), which limits the inferior frontal gyrus. We found that the sulcal pattern asymmetry of both the ACC and IFC contributes to IC (Stroop score) in children and adults: participants with asymmetrical ACC or IFC sulcal patterns had better IC efficiency than participants with symmetrical ACC or IFC sulcal patterns. Such additive effects of IFC and ACC sulcal patterns on IC efficiency suggest that distinct early neurodevelopmental mechanisms targeting different brain regions likely contribute to IC efficiency. This view shares some analogies with the “common variant–small effect” model in genetics, which states that frequent genetic polymorphisms have small effects but collectively account for a large portion of the variance. Similarly, each sulcal polymorphism has a small but additive effect: IFC and ACC sulcal patterns, respectively, explained 3% and 14% of the variance of the Stroop interference scores.
Adrenal activity and metabolic risk during randomized escitalopram or placebo treatment in PCOS
Authors: Glintborg Dorte , Altinok Magda Lambaa , Ravn Pernille , Stage Kurt Bjerregaard , Højlund Kurt , Andersen Marianne 
Published: February 2018

Background/aims
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, adrenal hyperactivity and decreased mental health. We aimed to investigate the changes in adrenal activity, metabolic status and mental health in PCOS during treatment with escitalopram or placebo.

Methods
Forty-two overweight premenopausal women with PCOS and no clinical depression were randomized to 12-week SSRI (20 mg escitalopram/day, n = 21) or placebo (n = 21). Patients underwent clinical examination, fasting blood samples, adrenocorticotroph hormone (ACTH) test, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and filled in questionnaires regarding mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL): WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Major Depression Inventory (MDI), Short Form 36 (SF-36) and PCOS questionnaire.

Results
Included women were aged 31 (6) years (mean (s.d.)) and had body mass index (BMI) 35.8 (6.5) kg/m2 and waist 102 (12) cm. Escitalopram was associated with increased waist (median (quartiles) change 1 (0; 3) cm), P = 0.005 vs change during placebo and increased cortisol levels (cortisol 0, cortisol 60, peak cortisol and area under the curve for cortisol during ACTH test), all P < 0.05 vs changes during placebo. Escitalopram had no significant effect on measures of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, fasting lipids, mental health or HRQoL.

Conclusion
Waist circumference and cortisol levels increased during treatment with escitalopram in women with PCOS and no clinical depression, whereas metabolic risk markers, mental health and HRQol were unchanged.
A Genome-Wide Association Study for Host Resistance to Ostreid Herpesvirus in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Gutierrez Alejandro P , Bean Tim P , Hooper Chantelle , Stenton Craig A , Sanders Matthew B , Paley Richard K , Rastas Pasi , Bryrom Michaela , Matika Oswald , Houston Ross D 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOstreid herpesvirus (OsHV) can cause mass mortality events in Pacific oyster aquaculture. While various factors impact on the severity of outbreaks, it is clear that genetic resistance of the host is an important determinant of mortality levels. This raises the possibility of selective breeding strategies to improve the genetic resistance of farmed oyster stocks, thereby contributing to disease control. Traditional selective breeding can be augmented by use of genetic markers, either via marker-assisted or genomic selection. The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance to OsHV in Pacific oyster, to identify genomic regions containing putative resistance genes, and to inform the use of genomics to enhance efforts to breed for resistance. To achieve this, a population of ∼1,000 juvenile oysters were experimentally challenged with a virulent form of OsHV, with samples taken from mortalities and survivors for genotyping and qPCR measurement of viral load. The samples were genotyped using a recently-developed SNP array, and the genotype data were used to reconstruct the pedigree. Using these pedigree and genotype data, the first high density linkage map was constructed for Pacific oyster, containing 20,353 SNPs mapped to the ten pairs of chromosomes. Genetic parameters for resistance to OsHV were estimated, indicating a significant but low heritability for the binary trait of survival and also for viral load measures (h2 0.12 – 0.25). A genome-wide association study highlighted a region of linkage group 6 containing a significant QTL affecting host resistance. These results are an important step toward identification of genes underlying resistance to OsHV in oyster, and a step toward applying genomic data to enhance selective breeding for disease resistance in oyster aquaculture.
SUMBER ELEKTRON TIGA ELEKTRODA MENGGUNAKAN TABUNG PEMERCEPAT NEC UNTUK MBE-LATEKS 300kV/20 mA
Authors: Darsono Darsono , Suprapto Suprapto , Taufik Taufik 
Published: February 2018

SUMBER ELEKTRON TIGA ELEKTRODA MENGGUNAKAN TABUNG AKSELERATOR NEC UNTUK MBE-LATEKS 300kV/20 mA. Pada makalah ini dilaporkan hasil disain, konstruksi, dan karakterisasi sumber elektron (SE) tiga elektroda untuk mesin berkas elektron (MBE) lateks dengan memanfaatkan tabung pemercepat buatan NEC (National Electric Coorporation) sebagai ruang dan elektroda sumber elektron. Metode yang digunakan dengan mendisain flange untuk menempatkan filamen, katoda Pierce, dan anoda pemfokus yang terisolasi dengan katoda, kemudian flange ini dimuatkan pada tabung pemercepat yang telah dilepas 2 elektrodanya sehingga terbentuk struktur sumber elektron 3 elektroda jenis Pierce. Bentuk lintasan berkas elektron pada tabung pemercepat disimulasi menggunakan program OPERA-3D untuk variasi parameter posisi filamen relatif terhadap ujung lubang katoda Pierce 3; 1,5; -1,5; dan -2,5 mm menggunakan 1 tabung pemercepat. Dilanjutkan simulasi untuk beda tegangan katoda dan anoda pemfokus 5, 10, dan 15 kV menggunakan 2 tabung pemercepat. Selanjutnya dilakukan konstruksi dan karakterisasi profil dan arus berkas elektron keluarannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada posisi filamen -2,5 mm menghasilkan lintasan berkas elektron paling sedikit divergen dan merambat sejajar pada sumbu aksial 2 tabung pemercepat pada beda tegangan katoda dan anoda pemfokus 15 kV. Profil berkas elektron sangat ditentukan oleh tegangan anoda pemfokus. Besarnya keluaran arus berkas elektron sangat ditentukan oleh tegangan anoda ekstraksi dengan hasil terbesar 50 mA. SE yang dibuat ini memenuhi spesifikasi yang dibutuhkan untuk MBE lateks.
Acquisition of voice onset time in Hindi speaking children with cochlear implant
Authors: Kishore Y. , Sahu Jaya , Basod Ajay , Obulesu G. , Salma Mahaboob R. 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The acquisition of voice onset time (VOT) in plosive consonants among hearing-impaired individuals has long been of interest to many researchers especially following the use of a hearing device such as the cochlear implant. The aim of the study was to study acquisition of voice onset time in Hindi speaking children with cochlear implant. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A total of 15 CI subjects were chosen who were attending the speech and language therapy in Hindi and age matched 15 normal hearing children were selected for the study. Subjects were divided into 3 age groups according to hearing experience. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The present study investigated the VOT values of voiced and voiceless plosives produced by Hindi-speaking prelingually deafened CI children with duration of CI experience ranged between 4 to 10 years. The results were then compared to a group of NH children with chronological age similar to the hearing experience of the CI children. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A longitudinal study is recommended to continue monitoring the CI children acquisition of the voicing contrast to determine at what hearing age the difference would be insignificant between the CI and NH groups and whether similar developmental trend would continue.</span></p>
Functional and anatomical results of inside out approach for cholesteatoma surgery
Authors: Chamoli Priyanka , Singh Chandra Veer , Radia Sheetal , Shah Anand K. 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was t<span lang="EN-IN">o study the efficacy of inside-out approach in completely eradicating the cholesteatoma from middle ear and mastoid, preservation of hearing and quality of life post mastoidectomy with regards to recurrent discharge, wax, granulations. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Non-randomizedprospective observational study performed at the Department of ENT in Bombay hospital Mumbai. The study involved 40 patients presenting with chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma. All of them underwent inside out mastoidectomy and were followed up till the end of the study to evaluate the efficacy of inside out mastoidectomy in eradicating the disease from the middle ear cleft, to assess preservation of hearing and to assess cavity problems. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Of the 40 patients, 39 patients had a total clearance of disease by the inside out approach, and in 1 patient, we were doubtful of the clearance. All patients came for regular follow up and none of them had residual disease at the end of the study period. Thus, the overall success rate was 100% in this study. A significant improvement in the mean air conduction (p&lt;0.01) and the mean air bone gap (p&lt;0.01) postoperatively was seen in all in the postoperative 3<sup>rd</sup> month PTA. Only one patient had increased conductive hearing loss one and a half years postoperatively after initial improvement. A dry self-cleansing cavity was achieved in 95% of the patients and only 5% required regular cleaning of waxes the cavities. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Inside out mastoidectomy is a better alternative in canal wall down procedures as it not only clears the disease from the middle ear cleft, but also leaves behind a small postoperative cavity, which will preserve the hearing, decrease the cavity problems and increase the quality of life of such patients.</span></p>
Role of PETCT in the management of untreated advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Dutta Angshuman , Chaithra B. G. , Singh Harkirat 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Advanced stage cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx have the worst prognosis owing to higher incidence of regional and distant metastases. PET/CT scan can detect distant metastases and can therefore be done at the initial presentation in advanced stage head and neck cancers to facilitate the chalking out of an appropriate treatment plan.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study included 41 patients having stage III &amp; IV of oral cavity, oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cancer. The patients underwent clinical examination, an initial imaging with CT/MRI of the disease site and conventional metastatic workup. An initial TNM staging and treatment plan was formulated. The patients then underwent PET/CT. Tumor restaging was done and the treatment plan was altered if required after the PETCT. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was change in management of 4(9%) owing to upstaging of disease following PETCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> PETCT scan had a significant impact on the staging of disease affecting change in the treatment protocols. </p>
A randomized control trail on the effectiveness of (Tricyclic antidepressant) Amitriptyline 10 mg bedtime in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease
Authors: Rajamani Santhosh Kumar , Sahu Pritikanta 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Meniere’s disease is one of the most common causes of chronic recurrent vertigo in general population. Meniere’s disease is closely associated with migraine and migrainous vertigo/ vestibular migraine. Amitriptyline has been classically used in management of Vestibular migraine. This randomized control trail examines the effectiveness of (Tricyclic antidepressant) Amitriptyline 10mg bedtime in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease using a Randomized control trial. This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, cross over type with a power of 80% at 5% significance level.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> One hundred five patients with definite Meniere’s disease were randomized and assigned to either placebo or trial arm. Trial arm were given Amitriptyline 10 mg bedtime and placebo arm were given a generic Vitamin B-complex tablet. Visual analogue score and standard questionnaires were used to assess the improvements in vertigo, imbalance, dizziness and disease-specific quality of life before and after use of Amitriptyline vs. placebo for period of 10 days each. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Amitriptyline 10mg at bedtime (10mg H.S), produces significant improvement in the vertigo in patients suffering from Meniere’s disease compared to placebo. Chronic imbalance and hearing levels are not affected by the use of the above drug regime. Daytime sedation and weight gain are the most troublesome adverse effects of Amitriptyline at 10mg per day dose. No other serious adverse effects were observed in this research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Low dose bedtime Amitriptyline 10mg appears to be safe and produces improvement in vertigo and disease-specific quality of life in Meniere’s disease patients. </p>
Posterior dislocation hip with anterior column acetabular fracture: a very rare injury
Authors: Singh Avtar , Vohra Rajeev , Bansal Sudhanshu 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-IN">Posterior dislocation is a common injury but it’s occurrence in association with anterior column fracture is very rare. We report a case of this rare injury pattern. The patient was treated with closed reduction of dislocation followed by open reduction internal fixation of anterior column.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
The Use of Flashcards in Teaching English for the Sixth Year Students of SDN 1 Tuntang in the academic year of 2002 - 2003
Authors: Insaniyah Insaniyah 
Published: February 2018

This research is to study the use of flashcards to teach English vocabulary. Teaching material in above is virtually concerning with visual aids. By using visual aids, expected that the teachers would be able to motivate them to learn and pay deep attention to the presentable materials by the teachers, so the students will not be tedious. This is an experimental research. The subject of the study is limited to the students of the sixth year of SDN 1 Tuntang, which has 27 students as the sample. She focuses on teaching method, which gives emphasis on flashcards as media in teaching vocabulary. To prove the success of teaching the writer compares between the result pre-test and post-test. The findings of this study showed that there are 20 students or 60 % are categorized as excellent, 15, 6 % or 3 students are as good students, 12, 5 % or 3 students are as fair, and 3, 1 % students are as poor. It means that teaching English vocabularies by using flashcards are very effective. Keywords: Teaching English Vocabulary; Flashcards; Visual Aids
Componential Analysis of Meaning of the Word “Melihat” In Javanese and English Language
Authors: Nugraheni Mamik 
Published: February 2018

It is a qualitative descriptive study that attempts to depict the componential meaning of the word ‘melihat’ or ‘to see’ in Javanese and English and the element of context that may influence the word choice in both languages. By using documentation as method of data collection, it is found that there are many different words having the same meaning to say ‘melihat’ in both languages while those words means that anyone doing activities of ‘melihat’. In addition, the aspects of intensity, target, distance, and connotative features influence the word choice in either Javanese or English. Keywords: Componential Meaning; Melihat; Javanese; English
Transformational Linguistics and the Implication Towards Second Language Learning
Authors: Khasanah Noor 
Published: February 2018

The essence of Chomsky’s approach to language is the claim that there are linguistic universals in domain of syntax. He felt confident to show that syntax can be defined for any given language. For Chomsky, the nature of such mental representations is largely innate, so if a grammatical theory has explanatory adequacy it must be able to explain the various grammatical nuances of the languages of the world as relatively minor variations in the universal pattern of human language. In teaching English as L2, therefore knowing syntax and grammar of the language is important. Transformational Generative Grammar gives adequate elaboration in understanding them. Thus, the learners are expected to be able to avoid such ambiguity in interpreting the deep structure of a sentence since ambiguity will lead other people as the listeners or hearers of the speakers to misinterpret either consciously or unconsciously. Keywords: Surface Structure; Deep Structure; Constituent; Transformation
The Use of Conceptual Metaphor in Gola Gong’s Novel Bila Waktu Bicara
Authors: Risdianto Faizal 
Published: February 2018

This study aims at describing conceptual metaphor in Gola Gong’s novel “Bila Waktu Bicara” in the perspective of George Lakoff’s theories of metaphor. This research is a (qualitative) bibliographical research. The object of the study is the use of metaphor in Gola Gong’s novel “Bila Waktu Bicara” and there are 59 metaphorical expressions. Having analyzed the data, the researcher concludes that there are seven most outstanding conceptual mapping on that novel: time is an individual, the world is the hell or paradise, people is a stream of water, seeing is touching, eye ball is a container, body part is a landscape, ambulance is an individual. Among this seven conceptual mappings, the conceptual pattern of time is an individual is the most frequent use and it shows that there has been an increase of creativity in the creation of socio-religious metaphor of Indonesian young novelist such as Gola Gong. Keywords:Source Domain; Conceptual Metaphor; George Lakoff
Cable TV: Bringing Home Native Speaker to Increase Listening Comprehension of the Students of English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University
Authors: Nuraeningsih Rismiyanto 
Published: February 2018

This study investigated the use of cable TV to increase listening comprehension of the students of English education department of Muria Kudus University. The aims were to find out: (1) the listening comprehension achievement of the students taught by using cable TV, (2) the students’ response towards the teaching of listening comprehension class by using cable TV, and (3) the students’ difficulties when being involved in the listening class taught by using cable TV are. A classroom action research was conducted with three cycles. The data was collected by using test, observation checklist, & a questionnaire. The subject consisted of 29 students joining Advanced Listening class. The findings show that: (a) The listening comprehension achievement of the students taught by using cable TV in cycle I, II, & III is fair, (b) The students have enthusiasm and seriousness and motivation in joining the class in all cycles, (c) In cycle III the students’ difficulties when being involved in the listening comprehension class taught by using cable TV are more and more decreasing. Keywords: Cable TV, Listening ComprehensionKeywords;Cable TV; Listening Comprehension
English Core Competencies, Basic Competencies, and Assessment for Junior High School in Curriculum 2013; between Facts and Hopes
Authors: Ichnatun Dwi Soenoewati Does 
Published: February 2018

This paper focuses on some problems faced by Junior High School English target teachers concerning with the content, formulation, and the order of Core Competencies (known as KI) and Basic Competencies (known as KD) and the assessment in K ‘13 (known as K’13). The material in K ‘13 is regarded as being arranged in balance covering the students attitude, knowledge, and skills competencies stressing on language skills as a means of communication to convey ideas and knowledge. Based on the K ‘13 implementation mentoring, 13 out of 15 teachers (87%) interpret the Core and Basic Competencies differently and most tend to be unclear. This happened due to the formulation, content, and order of the KIs/KDs which were illogical, in contrary to mind mapping, and confusing the target teachers. Moreover, the assessment system, especially attitude assessments are too complicated. These facts make the writer interested to discuss the English KIs/KDs and assessment for Junior High School in K ‘13; between Facts and Hopes.Keywords: Core Competencies/Basic Competencies and assessment in K ‘13, revision of the formulation, content, order of core competencies and basic competencies, and the simplification of attitude assessment
Administrators' Perceptions of Motives to Offer Online Academic Degree Programs in Universities
Authors: Özcan Hakan , Yıldırım Soner 
Published: February 2018

<p class="3">Although the number of online academic degree programs offered by universities in Turkey has become increasingly significant in recent years, the current lack of understanding of administrators’ motives that contribute to initiating these programs suggests there is much to be learned in this field. This study aimed to investigate administrators’ perceptions of motives for offering online academic degree programs in universities in Turkey in terms of online associate degree programs, online master's degree programs, online bachelor's degree completion programs, and online bachelor's degree programs. A qualitative research method was employed for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 administrators from different universities’ distance education centers in Turkey and thematic analysis was applied to the data. The research found that administrators’ motives for offering online academic degree programs mainly involve in answering to the high demand of prospective students. Six major themes were identified with regard to influencing factors for administrators’ motives: demands for programs, mission to support education, readiness of infrastructure, teaching staff as well as applicability of content, overcoming the shortage of classroom space and teachers, obtaining revenue, and gaining prestige.</p>