bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality procedures and complaints: nursing homes in Portugal
Authors: Gil Ana Paula 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
In most European countries there is a range of quality control system mechanisms, however, poor quality and institutional violence can be found in the residential sector. Taking Portugal as an example of a country that uses an inspection-only approach, this paper focuses on the monitoring system for controlling the quality of care in nursing homes. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how mistreatment of older people is identified and dealt with by the national social security services. In particular it looks at what the indicators are with which to assess poor quality care and mistreatment (how it is perceived and defined), which factors affect mistreatment of older people and intervention outputs (i.e. what are the sanctions to prevent and combat this).

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory approach was based on a mixed method, using a database of 3,685 complaints reported to the social security inspection services. To understand the context of the complaints and the assessment of institutional violence, focus groups were carried out with inspectors from the National Inspection Service.

Findings
The focus groups identified severe situations of poor care, mistreatment of older people and loss of human rights and dignity. Some indicators were found in key areas of care and the factors associated with this were based on Kamavarapu’s typology (2017): physical conditions of facilities; closed organisational models; difficult working conditions; and perceived concerns of residents. Monitoring and inspection systems are still based on minimum standards focusing on structural and process quality, devoting little attention to the human rights situation of older persons and clinical issues.

Research limitations/implications
The number of participants in the focus groups was limited in size but the uniqueness of this exploratory method draws a dark picture of non-licensed nursing homes in Portugal.

Originality/value
An exploratory analysis was useful to identify institutional violence and discuss potential implications, in terms of effectiveness of quality care control, which calls for special attention by policy makers and researchers when monitoring the human rights of older persons.
Transformative vision
Authors: Allen Keisha McIntosh 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine how a Black male teacher made sense of the ways racism and white supremacy function in schools and constrains his practice by addressing the question: How does a culturally relevant Black male teacher engage a racial perspective in his pedagogy and make sense of the socio-political context of his practice?

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative case study draws its data from semi-structured interviews and participant observations and was situated within a transfer high school in the Northeastern region of the USA.

Findings
This study elucidates the ways in which a Black male teacher’s racial literacy enabled him to make sense of the socio-political context of his school, the profession and help his Black male students negotiate how they are racialized in schools and society.

Research limitations/implications
This paper closes with a call for additional research that further examines the relationship racial literacy plays in retaining teachers of color in the profession and for racial literacy to be positioned as a vital component of teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in both teacher education and professional development.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on critical Black male teachers by forwarding a framework that helps us to understand how they engage in transformative work within assimilationist educational spaces.
Aligning organizational culture and operations strategy to improve innovation outcomes
Authors: Wu Li-Fan , Huang Ing-Chung , Huang Wei-Chang , Du Pey-Lan 
Published: March 2019

PurposeInnovation is a key factor in assessing organizational success. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the organizational culture and operations strategy impact organizational innovation. It explores the influence of various combinations of organizational cultures and operations strategies on a firm’s ability to innovate both in process and product.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model is developed which attempts to explain how the reciprocal and dynamic interactive relationship between organizational culture and operations strategy and innovation is structured. In total, 233 valid questionnaires were collected from 17 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the direction and strengths of the relationships and develop a comprehensive picture to illustrate the drivers of successful innovation.FindingsThe analysis and conclusions confirm the suitability of Culture–Strategy–Innovation Model and the detailed results demonstrate that a combination of innovative organizational culture and flexibility-oriented operations strategy has the strongest influence on a firm’s innovation process thereby improving their innovative organizational outcomes.Practical implicationsAlthough based on Taiwanese manufacturing industries these results provide useful insights for manufacturing industries in general. In alternative contexts, the combination of different dimensions of culture and strategy can be expected to cause different levels of success in innovation. This study provides robust evidence to explain the organizational climate needed to guide the innovative and flexibility considerations needed for SMEs in the manufacturing industry.Originality/valueThis is an empirical study which specifically investigates the activities of SMEs in the metal/plastic manufacturing industry in Taiwan and in particular examines organizational culture, operations strategies and innovation. The research model proposed and confirmed offers a new multi-dimensional structure of culture and strategy linked with their various related dynamic interrelationships and the drivers that impact organizational innovation.
US SEC approves amendments to Nasdaq’s 20 per cent rule for shareholder approval of certain private offerings
Authors: Hoffman Justin F. , Dworaczyk Jude A. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
To explain a recent amendment by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) to Nasdaq Rule 5635(d) (the 20 per cent Rule) to change the definition of “market value” for purposes of the 20 per cent Rule and eliminate the requirement for shareholder approval of certain private issuances at a price less than book value but greater than market value.

Design/methodology/approach
This article provides background on the purpose and policy behind the 20 per cent Rule and summarizes the provisions of the 20 per cent rule, both before and after the recent SEC amendment thereto. This article then highlights the most important changes to the 20 per cent Rule and explains the implications thereof for Nasdaq-listed issuers.

Findings
The amended 20 per cent Rule provides Nasdaq-listed issuers greater flexibility in structuring transactions involving private placements of equity and will likely reduce the number of such transactions requiring a shareholder vote.

Originality/value
Practical guidance from experienced corporate finance and capital markets lawyers.
From the Fermi–Dirac distribution to PD curves
Authors: Brunel Vivien 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
In machine learning applications, and in credit risk modeling in particular, model performance is usually measured by using cumulative accuracy profile (CAP) and receiving operating characteristic curves. The purpose of this paper is to use the statistics of the CAP curve to provide a new method for credit PD curves calibration that are not based on arbitrary choices as the ones that are used in the industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The author maps CAP curves to a ball–box problem and uses statistical physics techniques to compute the statistics of the CAP curve from which the author derives the shape of PD curves.

Findings
This approach leads to a new type of shape for PD curves that have not been considered in the literature yet, namely, the Fermi–Dirac function which is a two-parameter function depending on the target default rate of the portfolio and the target accuracy ratio of the scoring model. The author shows that this type of PD curve shape is likely to outperform the logistic PD curve that practitioners often use.

Practical implications
This paper has some practical implications for practitioners in banks. The author shows that the logistic function which is widely used, in particular in the field of retail banking, should be replaced by the Fermi–Dirac function. This has an impact on pricing, the granting policy and risk management.

Social implications
Measuring credit risk accurately benefits the bank of course and the customers as well. Indeed, granting is based on a fair evaluation of risk, and pricing is done accordingly. Additionally, it provides better tools to supervisors to assess the risk of the bank and the financial system as a whole through the stress testing exercises.

Originality/value
The author suggests that practitioners should stop using logistic PD curves and should adopt the Fermi–Dirac function to improve the accuracy of their credit risk measurement.
Organizational justice and knowledge sharing behavior
Authors: Hameed Zahid , Khan Ikram Ullah , Sheikh Zaryab , Islam Tahir , Rasheed Muhammad Imran , Naeem Rana Muhammad 
Published: March 2019

PurposeKnowledge sharing (KS) has been consistently acknowledged as a critical factor in the organizational development and the betterment of employees. The purpose of this paper is to extend previous empirical research on KS by testing psychological ownership as an underlying mechanism between the relationship of organizational justice (OJ) and KS behavior in developing country context. The authors also examine the moderating role of perceived organizational support (POS) between psychological ownership and KS behavior.Design/methodology/approachUsing a survey questionnaire, data from 348 employees of multinational corporations in Pakistan were used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results of this research reveal that dimensions of OJ (procedural, distributive and interactional justice) positively influence psychological ownership. In addition, psychological ownership is found as an underlying psychological mechanism between the relationship of OJ and KS behavior. The results also indicate that a higher level of POS strengthens the relationship between psychological ownership and KS behavior.Practical implicationsOrganizations can enhance employees’ sense of psychological ownership by providing them fairness in procedures and resources. Moreover, management can create a perception of equality among the employees which subsequently helps employees engage in sharing their valuable knowledge with their team members and other workers in the organization.Originality/valueThis research suggests that psychological ownership and POS are important factors which influence the relationship between OJ and KS behavior and it empirically tests this model in a developing country context.
Choice of surgical procedure – lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection – for patients with stage T1‐2N0M0 small cell lung cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Liu Yang , Shan Lanlan , Shen Jianfei , Liu Liping , Wang Jinlin , He Jiaxi , He Qihua , Jiang Long , Guo Minzhang , Chen Xuewei , Zeng Haikang , Xia Xiaojun , Peng Guilin , Liang Wenhua , He Jianxing 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundTo date, few studies have evaluated the impact of lobectomy versus sublobar resection for early small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We investigated the survival rates of patients with pathological stage T1‐2N0M0 SCLC who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection.MethodsWe identified 548 SCLC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox regression analysis were used to adjust for baseline characteristics.ResultsThe three‐year overall survival (OS) of patients treated with lobectomy (n = 376, 60%) was significantly higher than those treated with sublobar resection (n = 172, 38%). PSM and Cox multivariable analysis further confirmed this result (hazard ratio [HR] 0.543, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.421–0.680; P < 0.001). The three‐year OS of patients treated with segmentectomy (n = 24, 54%) and wedge resection (n = 148, 36%) was not significantly different (HR 0.639, 95% CI 0.393–1.039; P = 0.071). Based on PSM analysis, segmentectomy conferred a superior survival advantage to patients relative to wedge resection (HR 0.466, 95% CI 0.221–0.979; P = 0.040).ConclusionLobectomy correlated with superior survival. For patients in which lobectomy is unsuitable, prognosis following segmentectomy appears to be better than after wedge resection.
pavo2: New tools for the spectral and spatial analysis of colour in r
Authors: Maia Rafael , Gruson Hugo , Endler John A. , White Thomas E. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Biological coloration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary processes. Enduring interest in colour‐based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by, improved techniques for quantifying colour patterns in ever‐more relevant ways, yet the need for flexible, open frameworks for data processing and analysis persists.

Here we introduce pavo 2, the latest iteration of the r package pavo. This release represents the extensive refinement and expansion of existing methods, as well as a suite of new tools for the cohesive analysis of the spectral and (now) spatial structure of colour patterns and perception. At its core, the package retains a broad focus on (a) the organization and processing of spectral and spatial data, and tools for the alternating (b) visualization, and (c) analysis of data. Significantly, pavo 2 introduces image‐analysis capabilities, providing a cohesive workflow for the comprehensive analysis of colour patterns.

We demonstrate the utility of pavo with a brief example centred on mimicry in Heliconius butterflies. Drawing on visual modelling, adjacency, and boundary strength analyses, we show that the combined spectral (colour and luminance) and spatial (pattern element distribution and boundary salience) features of putative models and mimics are closely aligned.

pavo 2 offers a flexible and reproducible environment for the analysis of colour, with renewed potential to assist researchers in answering fundamental questions in sensory ecology and evolution.
Local antagonism and resource partitioning between two invasive pine plantation pests
Authors: Wondafrash Mesfin , Slippers Bernard , Hurley Brett P. , Garnas Jeff 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius, native to Eurasia and North Africa, regularly co‐occurs with a North American origin Pissodes sp. on Pinus trees in South Africa. The nature of this co‐occurrence and potential impacts on either of the species is unknown.
Using structured sampling, we investigated the pattern and degree of co‐occurrence of S. noctilio and Pissodes sp. in six sites in P. patula plantations in South Africa aiming to better understand the potential for interactions and population‐level feedbacks. We compared density, adult body size and within‐tree distribution of both insect species in trees where they co‐occurred or occurred singly.
Sirex noctilio and Pissodes sp. co‐occurred on 68.0 ± 3.8% of infested trees (range 55–80%). Both insect species were more abundant in trees where they occurred alone relative to co‐inhabited trees.
The within‐tree distribution of S. noctilio did not differ in the presence of Pissodes sp.; however, in the presence of S. noctilio, Pissodes sp. were more frequent in the bottom than the middle tree section where S. noctilio was at higher density and this could be an indication of resource partitioning. Body size of S. noctilio and Pissodes sp. was not influenced by co‐occurrence.
The results obtained in the present study suggest a broad overlap for both insects in preference for stressed trees in similar states of decline, as well as moderate antagonism between the species leading to lower emergence of both species in shared trees. The influence of S. noctilio on Pissodes sp. population densities may still be a net positive at a landscape scale because Pissodes sp. prefers declining or recently dead trees that are readily created by S. noctilio via attacks on healthy trees.
Associations between major dietary patterns and testicular function in a population‐based cohort of young men: results from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study
Authors: Ognjenovic M. , Ambrosini G. L. , Malacova E. , Doherty D. A. , Oddy W. H. , Handelsman D. J. , McLachlan R. , Dickinson J. , Hart R. J.  
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundControversial speculation suggestions that dietary intake may affect semen quality and testicular function, however, there are limited comprehensive studies observing dietary patterns.ObjectiveTo study associations between major dietary patterns and markers of testicular function in adulthood.Material and MethodsObservational cross‐sectional study of two hundred and ninety men with an average age of 20 years, from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study.Usual dietary intake assessed using a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire at 20 years of age. Two dietary patterns previously identified using exploratory factor analysis (“Healthy” or “Western”) and participants received z‐scores for each dietary pattern. Primary endpoints were testicular volume, total sperm per ejaculate, morning serum testosterone concentration. Secondary endpoints were semen sample parameters, inhibin B and sex steroids (DHT: 3α‐diol, 3β‐diol; LH; FSH; DHEA; estradiol; estrone).Result(s)Participants were on average 20.0 ± 0.4 years old, had a median of 2 days sexual abstinence and a body mass index of 24.1 ± 3.9 kg/m2, 13% were smokers, 52% were ‘moderate’ alcohol drinkers, 23% frequently used recreational drugs and 68% reported ‘high’ physical activity levels. Sperm concentration and DHT 3α‐diol were negatively associated with a greater z‐score for the “Western” dietary pattern (p = 0.007 and; p = 0.044, respectively), and serum estradiol concentration was positively associated with a “Western” dietary pattern (p = 0.007) after adjustment for BMI, varicocele, cryptorchidism and sexual abstinence.DiscussionDespite associations between greater intake of the “Western” dietary pattern and a decreased male reproductive health markers, our lack of consistent associations of either a “Healthy” or a “Western” dietary pattern, limit clinical or biological significance in isolation.ConclusionsA potential negative association of a “Western” dietary pattern with male reproductive health was detected and should be studied further in population‐based studies.
Anticipatory pleasure for future experiences in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and major depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hallford David J. , Sharma Manoj K. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesDeficits in anticipating pleasure may be an important dimension of anhedonia and functioning in psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia and depression; however, inconsistent findings have limited the conclusions that can be drawn. We conducted the first systemic review and meta‐analysis of the extant literature for research comparing psychiatric groups to healthy control groups on anticipatory pleasure.MethodsAcademic Search Complete, Science Direct, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched up to 9 June 2018 for relevant peer‐reviewed articles, book chapters, and dissertations. Reference lists were also hand searched. A total of 36 studies were included in the review.ResultsA moderate‐sized deficit was observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (k = 32, 1,851 patients and 1,449 controls, g = −0.42 [95% CI = −0.53 to −0.31], p < .001), and a large deficit in major depression (k = 415 patients and 506 controls, g = −0.87 [95% CI = −1.23 to −0.51], p < .001), with this effect being significantly larger for depression (p < .05). Meta‐regression showed that heterogeneity was partially explained in schizophrenia spectrum by longer duration of illness and lower cognitive functioning predicting larger deficits. In depression, some evidence was found that ruling out a history of psychiatric illness in controls may be related to larger effects. There was evidence for small study bias inflating estimates in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.ConclusionsDeficits in anticipatory pleasure are manifest in these disorders, and significantly more so in major depression. These findings indicate a possible therapeutic target to link cognitive, affective, and behavioural factors that precipitate and maintain disorder.Practitioner points

Anticipatory pleasure is impaired in schizophrenia spectrum and major depression.

A particular focus on enhancing anticipatory pleasure may improve motivation for rewarding behaviour and psychosocial functioning.

The review contained only a small number of studies for major depression.

Given the heterogeneity in effects, there are likely to be more moderators of anticipatory pleasure that require examination.
TUBB1 dysfunction in inherited thrombocytopenia causes genome instability
Authors: Matsumura Takayoshi , Nakamura‐Ishizu Ayako , Takaoka Kensuke , Maki Hiroaki , Muddineni Siva S. N. A. , Wang Chelsia Q. , Suzushima Hitoshi , Kawakita Makoto , Asou Norio , Matsuoka Masao , Kurokawa Mineo , Osato Motomi , Suda Toshio 
Published: March 2019

SummaryInherited thrombocytopenia is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by varying degrees of thrombocytopenia and risk of haematological malignancy, and the genetic cause of many cases remains unknown. We performed whole‐exome sequencing of a family with thrombocytopenia and myeloid malignancy and identified a novel TUBB1 variant, T149P. Screening of other thrombocytopenia pedigrees identified another TUBB1 variant, R251H. TUBB1 encodes the tubulin β‐1 chain, a major component of microtubules abundant in megakaryocytes. Variant TUBB1 disrupted the normal assembly of microtubules and impaired proplatelet formation in vitro. In addition, DNA damage response was severely attenuated by loss of TUBB1. We found that the nuclear accumulation of p53 (also termed TP53) and the expression of pro‐apoptotic genes triggered by genotoxic stress were blocked in TUBB1‐deficient cells and, accordingly, apoptosis after DNA damage was diminished by knockdown of TUBB1. Thus, we have demonstrated that microtubule dysfunction confers resistance to apoptosis, even in DNA damage‐accumulated cells, which explains genome instability in the affected individuals. These studies will lead us to a better understanding of how microtubule dysfunction can contribute to the accumulation of DNA damage, genetic instability and leukaemogenesis.