bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiscale model of immune surveillance in micrometastases gives insights on cancer patient digital twins
Authors: L. Rocha Heber , Aguilar Boris , Getz Michael , Shmulevich Ilya , Macklin Paul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with cancer, driving considerable scientific and clinical interest in immunosurveillance of micrometastases. We investigated this process by creating a multiscale mathematical model to study the interactions between the immune system and the progression of micrometastases in general epithelial tissue. We analyzed the parameter space of the model using high-throughput computing resources to generate over 100,000 virtual patient trajectories. We demonstrated that the model could recapitulate a wide variety of virtual patient trajectories, including uncontrolled growth, partial response, and complete immune response to tumor growth. We classified the virtual patients and identified key patient parameters with the greatest effect on the simulated immunosurveillance. We highlight the lessons derived from this analysis and their impact on the nascent field of cancer patient digital twins (CPDTs). While CPDTs could enable clinicians to systematically dissect the complexity of cancer in each individual patient and inform treatment choices, our work shows that key challenges remain before we can reach this vision. In particular, we show that there remain considerable uncertainties in immune responses, unreliable patient stratification, and unpredictable personalized treatment. Nonetheless, we also show that in spite of these challenges, patient-specific models suggest strategies to increase control of clinically undetectable micrometastases even without complete parameter certainty.
The “Naturalistic Free Recall” dataset: four stories, hundreds of participants, and high-fidelity transcriptions
Authors: Raccah Omri , Chen Phoebe , Gureckis Todd M. , Poeppel David , Vo Vy A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe “Naturalistic Free Recall” dataset provides transcribed verbal recollections of four spoken narratives collected from 229 participants. Each participant listened to two stories, varying in duration from approximately 8 to 13 minutes, recorded by different speakers. Subsequently, participants were tasked with verbally recalling the narrative content in as much detail as possible and in the correct order. The dataset includes high-fidelity, time-stamped text transcripts of both the original narratives and participants’ recollections. To validate the dataset, we apply a previously published automated method to score memory performance for narrative content. Using this approach, we extend effects traditionally observed in classic list-learning paradigms. The analysis of narrative contents and its verbal recollection presents unique challenges compared to controlled list-learning experiments. To facilitate the use of these rich data by the community, we offer an overview of recent computational methods that can be used to annotate and evaluate key properties of narratives and their recollections. Using advancements in machine learning and natural language processing, these methods can help the community understand the role of event structure, discourse properties, prediction error, high-level semantic features (e.g., idioms, humor), and more. All experimental materials, code, and data are publicly available to facilitate new advances in understanding human memory.
Cell-free plasma telomere length correlated with the risk of cardiovascular events using machine learning classifiers
Authors: Dai Mengjun , Li Kangbo , Sacirovic Mesud , Zemmrich Claudia , Ritter Oliver , Bramlage Peter , Persson Anja Bondke , Buschmann Eva , Buschmann Ivo , Hillmeister Philipp 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis retrospective study explored the association between circulating cell-free plasma telomere length (cf-TL) and coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). Data from 518 participants were collected, including clinical and laboratory data. cf-TL was measured in plasma samples and machine learning (ML) classification models were developed to differentiate between CAD, HF and control conditions. Our results showed that cf-TL was significantly prolonged in HF patients compared to controls, but no significant difference was observed between CAD patients and controls. Additionally, cf-TL was significantly correlated with nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD), suggesting a potential link with endothelial function. To avoid data leakage and ensure the model captured only relationships relevant to the research question, we utilized a temporal data split, holding out the last year’s data for testing (n = 81) and using the remaining data for training (n = 324) and validation (n = 109). The ML models using four variables achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.795 in the validation dataset and 0.717 in the test dataset for CAD classification, and 0.829 in the validation dataset and 0.806 in the test dataset for HF classification. SHAP analysis revealed that cf-TL had minimal impact on the predictions of the CAD model, as indicated by consistently low SHAP values, whereas in the HF model, cf-TL exhibited a broader range of SHAP values, indicating a greater contribution to the model’s classification. These findings suggest that cf-TL may play a more prominent role in HF pathophysiology and could serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting HF risk. Further studies are warranted to explore cf-TL’s diagnostic and prognostic potential across different cardiovascular diseases.
Online disinhibition mediates the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and uncivil communication
Authors: Syrjämäki Aleksi H. , Ilves Mirja , Olsson Thomas , Kiskola Joel , Isokoski Poika , Rantasila Anna , Bente Gary , Surakka Veikko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUncivil online communication is a widely problematized cultural by-product of computer-mediated communication that, however, remains theoretically underexplained. While previous research shows that personal tendency for uncivil communication is partially influenced by individuals’ personality and empathy skills, the factors of inter-individual variation remain largely unknown. The present study examined individuals’ emotion regulation skills as a possible predictor of uncivil communication. Online survey respondents (N = 215) reported if they had engaged in uncivil communication and filled in scales measuring emotion regulation difficulties, use of different emotion regulation strategies, and various individual traits. The results show that emotion regulation difficulties were associated with high levels of online disinhibition. This, in turn, was associated with reports of uncivil communication. The mediation effect was observed even when controlling for personality and empathy. The results suggest that individuals’ emotion regulation difficulties may be an underlying psychological factor behind harmful online communication. These findings call for research and development of means to support emotion regulation in online interactions.
Electrochemical lithium extraction from hectorite ore
Authors: Haddad Andrew Z. , Cha Hyungyeon , McDonough Liam , Dun Chaochao , Pohlman Garrett , Urban Jeffrey J. , Kostecki Robert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectrochemical technologies add a unique dimension for ore refinement, representing tunable methods that can integrate with renewable energy sources and existing downstream process flows. However, the development of electrochemical extraction technologies has been impeded by the technological maturity of hydro- and pyro-metallurgy, as well as the electrical insulating properties of many metal oxide ores. The fabrication and use of carbon/insulating material composite electrodes has been a longstanding method to enable electrochemical activation. Here, using real hectorite ore, we employ this technical approach to fabricate hectorite-carbon black composite electrodes (HCCEs) and achieve electrochemical activation of hectorite. Anodic polarization results in lithium-ion release through a multi-step chemical and electrochemical mechanism that results in 50.7 ± 4.4% removal of lithium from HCCE, alongside other alkaline ions. This technical proof-of-concept study underscores that electrochemical activation of ores can facilitate lattice deterioration and ion removal from ores.
Assessing the processes behind planet engulfment and its imprints
Authors: Soares B. M. T. B. , Adibekyan V. , Mordasini C. , Deal M. , Sousa S. G. , Delgado-Mena E. , Santos N. C. , Dorn C. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Newly formed stars are surrounded by a protoplanetary disc composed of gas and dust, part of which ends up forming planets. During the system’s evolution, some of the planetary material may end up falling into the host star and being engulfed by it, leading to potential variation in the stellar composition.
Aims. The present study explores how planet engulfment may impact the chemical composition of the stellar surface and discusses what the rate of events with an observable imprint would be for Sun-like stars.
Methods. We used data on the formation and evolution of 1000 planetary systems from the New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis (NGPPS) calculations by the Generation III Bern model to analyse the conditions under which planet engulfment may occur. Additionally, we used stellar models computed with Cesam2k20 (Code d’Evolution Stellaire Adaptatif et Modulaire) to account for how the stellar internal structure and its processes may affect the dilution of the signal caused by planet engulfment.
Results. Our results show that there are three different phases associated with different mechanisms under which engulfment events may happen. Moreover, systems that undergo planet engulfment are more likely to come from protoplanetary discs that are more massive and more metal-rich than non-engulfing systems. Engulfment events leading to an observable signal happen after the dissipation of the protoplanetary disc when the convective envelope of the stars becomes thinner. With the stellar convective layer shrinking as the star evolves in the main sequence, they display a higher variation of chemical composition. This variation also correlates with the amount of engulfed material. By accounting for the physical processes happening in the stellar interior and in the optimistic case of being able to detect variations above 0.02 dex in the stellar composition, we find an engulfment rate no higher than 20% for Sun-like stars that may reveal detectable traces of planet engulfment.
Conclusions. Engulfment events that lead to observable variation in the stellar composition are rare due to the specific conditions required to result in such signatures.
A new look at disk winds and external photoevaporation in the σ-Orionis cluster
Authors: Maucó K. , Manara C. F. , Bayo A. , Hernández J. , Campbell-White J. , Calvet N. , Ballabio G. , Aru M. L. , Alcalá J. M. , Ansdell M. , Briceño C. , Facchini S. , Haworth T. J. , McClure M. , Williams J. P. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Disk winds play a crucial role in the evolution of protoplanetary disks. Typical conditions for star and planet formation are in regions with intermediate or strong UV radiation fields produced by massive stars. In these environments, internally or externally driven winds can occur. The σ-Orionis cluster is the ideal site to study disk winds under these conditions; its outer parts, exposed only to mild UV fields, can be used to study disk evolution, while its innermost regions can be used to study the effect of external irradiation.
Aims. Our goal is to study disk winds in the σ-Orionis cluster by looking at the properties of optical forbidden lines, and comparing them with other star-forming regions at different ages, to search for potential signatures of disk evolution and external photoevaporation.
Methods. We analyzed the [OI] λ6300, [NII] λ6583, and [SII] λ6731,λ6716 lines using high-resolution MIKE spectra for a sample of 27 classical T Tauri stars and complemented by intermediate-resolution X-shooter data. We decomposed the line profiles into multiple Gaussian components. We calculated luminosities, line ratios, and kinematic properties of these components.
Results. We find that the [OI] λ6300 line luminosity and kinematic properties for our σ-Orionis sample are similar to those found in low-mass star-forming regions. The frequency of single-component [OI] λ6300 line profiles reflects the expected evolutionary stage given the intermediate age of σ-Orionis (~3–5 Myr). This points to internal processes contributing to the line emission. However, the highly irradiated disks in the cluster do not follow the accretion luminosity-[OI] λ6300line luminosity relation found in low-mass star-forming regions, and all exhibit single-component line profiles. Line ratios of highly ionized species of [NII] and [SII] show higher ratios than typical values found in sources in low-mass star-forming regions. These are interpreted as signatures of external photoevaporation.
Conclusions. We show the potential of using multiple forbidden emission lines to study both internally and externally driven disk winds. In the case of σ-Orionis, the innermost regions are clearly affected by external irradiation, as evidenced by the lack of correlation in the accretion-[OI] luminosity relation. The broad line widths of close-in sources, however, indicate a possible contribution from internal processes, such as magnetohydrodynamical winds and/or internal photoevaporation. This suggests a coevolution of internal and external winds in the σ-Orionis disks, while pointing toward a new way to disentangle these processes.
The clinical and functional outcomes of closed reduction and arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure in patients with neglected locked posterior shoulder dislocation
Authors: Ebied Wessam Fakhery , Younis Ahmed Saeed , Hemida Mohamed Amr , Khater Ahmed H. , Haroun Yahia 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Posterior shoulder dislocation with a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion is a rare and complex injury, requiring specialized treatment due to the difficulty in diagnosis, reduction, and addressing both sides of the pathology to reduce the potential for recurrent dislocation. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of closed reduction and arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure with posterior labral repair in patients with neglected locked posterior shoulder dislocation for less than 12 weeks. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at university hospitals, managing 15 patients with neglected locked posterior shoulder dislocation for less than 12 weeks and concomitant engaging reverse Hill-Sachs lesions of less than 40% of the humeral articular surface. They were treated with closed reduction and arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure with posterior labral repair. Patients’ assessments included shoulder range of motion, pain levels using the visual analog scale (VAS) score, and functional outcome using the Oxford instability score and the University of California Los Angeles Shoulder Scale (UCLA) with at least 2 years of postoperative follow-up. Results: All 15 patients reported no recurrent dislocation and restored shoulder motion at the final follow-up. External rotation significantly improved from 0° to a mean of 65° in adduction, at 90° of abduction, the respective measurement was 85° (p < 0.01). Active forward flexion increased from 35° to 145° (p < 0.01). UCLA and Oxford instability scores Showed marked improvement (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Closed reduction and arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure with posterior labral repair is a safe and effective way for managing patients with locked neglected posterior shoulder dislocations that have been neglected for less than 12 weeks with engaging reverse Hill-Sachs lesion defect, less than 40% of the humeral head.
Die Mistel in der Tumortherapie – eine
Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Scheer Rainer 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Anwendung der Mistel in der Tumortherapie geht auf Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925)
und Ita Wegman (1876–1943) zurück. Heutzutage ist die Mistel eine der am besten
untersuchten Arzneipflanzen. Mistelpräparate gehören zu den bekanntesten und
meistverwendeten Arzneimitteln in der komplementären Onkologie in Deutschland.
Für diese Anwendung sind in Deutschland Mistelpräparate von 5 Herstellern
zugelassen. Patienten1 können in allen Phasen einer Krebserkrankung
von der Misteltherapie profitieren. Ihre Anwendung erfolgt individuell und
zumeist ergänzend im Rahmen eines integrativen onkologischen Therapiekonzepts,
bestätigt durch vielfältige therapeutische Erfahrung sowie zahlreiche
präklinische und klinische Studien. Ziele einer Misteltherapie sind die
Unterstützung konventioneller Therapien sowie deren Verträglichkeit, die
Tumorkontrolle, Stärkung des Gesamtorganismus und Verbesserung der
Lebensqualität.Ausgehend von der Stellung der Mistel in der Onkologie gibt die vorliegende
Bestandsaufnahme einen Überblick beginnend mit den in Deutschland zur Verfügung
stehenden Mistelpräparaten, Grundzügen ihrer Herstellung und Anwendung, ihren
Wirkungen bis hin zur klinischen Forschung und ihren Resultaten. Seit geraumer
Zeit ist die gesamte Onkologie in einem starken Wandel begriffen, innerhalb
dessen sich die Misteltherapie weiterentwickelt. Grundlagen- und
Anwendungsforschung in allen hier angesprochenen Bereichen sind in Arbeit. Auf
diese Weise wird die Misteltherapie auch in Zukunft ihren Platz und Beitrag in
der onkologischen Therapie zum Wohle der Patienten haben.
Leitlinie der Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung (GTH) zur Struktur- und Prozessqualität von Hämophilie-Zentren
Authors: Eichler H. , Albisetti M. , Halimeh S. , Knöfler R. , Königs C. , Langer F. , Miesbach W. , Oldenburg J. , Scholz U. , Streif W. , Klamroth R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSince the 1970s, specialized hemophilia centers have been established to optimize the complex and costly treatment of patients with severe bleeding disorders. In 2019, the first GTH guidelines on the structural and process quality of hemophilia centers were published. On this basis, a procedure for the certification of hemophilia centers has been established under the technical leadership of the GTH. These GTH guidelines are essentially based on the European Guidelines for the Certification of Haemophilia Centers published in 2013, created by the European Haemophilia Network (EUHANET). In 2023, this European guideline was revised by the EAHAD Accreditation and Audit of Haemophilia Centers Working Group. On this background, the GTH guidelines have now been revised to take relevant updates to the European guidelines into account.
Den richtigen Appetit wecken!
Authors: März Henrike 
Published: December 2024

SummaryEtwa 20 % der Geschmacksvorlieben sind genetisch bedingt, der Rest wird geprägt. Dabei spielen die Familie und das häusliche Leben, welches das Kind umgibt, eine entscheidende Rolle. Für das Wachstum und die Entwicklung von Kindern sind bestimmte Makro- und Mikronährstoffe wie etwa Eiweiße, Omega-3-Fettsäuren, Kalzium und Eisen wichtig. Unter diesem Aspekt sollten vegane Ernährungsweisen kritisch betrachtet werden. Mit Hagebutten, Nüssen und Hafer kommen Kinder immunstark durch den Winter. Generell gilt es, eine natürliche Kost in eine naturverbundene Lebensweise zu integrieren, um Kindern eine gute Basis für ein gesundes Leben zu schaffen.
„Mia denkt zu viel nach“
Authors: Vanheiden Manuela 
Published: December 2024

SummarySchlafstörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter wirken sich deutlich auf die Entwicklung und Familiensituation aus und müssen in jedem Einzelfall gemeinsam mit den Eltern evaluiert und bearbeitet werden. Ein zentrales Mittel der Hypnosetherapie ist ein imaginärer Spaziergang in die innere Welt zum inneren Ich und anderen möglichen Mitspielern, mit denen gemeinsam Hindernisse und erlebte Gefahren aufgelöst und Bindungen geknüpft werden. In den drei vorgestellten Fällen – mit den Kernthemen Einschlafstörung, Nachtschreck und Schlafen im Elternbett – lösten sich schwere Schlafstörungen nach zwei bis fünf Hypnosesitzungen auf, wodurch sich die familiäre und emotionale Situation deutlich entspannte.
Purity benchmarking study of error coherence in a superconducting qubit
Authors: Zhu Auda , Béjanin Jérémy H. , Xu Xicheng , Mariantoni Matteo 
Published: December 2024

In this study, we employ purity benchmarking (PB) to explore the dynamics of gate noise in a superconducting qubit system. Over 1110 h of observations on an Xmon qubit, we simultaneously measure the coherence noise budget across two different operational frequencies. We find that incoherent errors, which predominate in overall error rates, exhibit minimal frequency dependence, suggesting that they are primarily due to wideband, diffusive incoherent error sources. In contrast, coherent errors, although less prevalent, show significant sensitivity to operational frequency variations and telegraphic noise. We hypothesize that this sensitivity is due to interactions with a single strongly coupled environmental defect—modeled as a two-level system—which influences qubit control parameters and causes coherent calibration errors. Our results also demonstrate that PB offers improved sensitivity, capturing additional dynamics that conventional relaxation time measurements cannot detect, thus presenting a more comprehensive method for capturing dynamic interactions within quantum systems. The intricate nature of these coherence dynamics underscores the need for further research.
Old and Middle English adverbs of degree in their wider West Germanic context
Authors: Visser Lourens 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Research on adverbs of degree in Old and Middle English has been largely self-contained and has paid little
attention to developments that were happening in the neighbouring West Germanic languages. While research on these other languages
is less extensive, “Middle” Germanic has been identified as a period of convergence for the usage of adverbs of degree (Visser 2023). The present study analyses the usage patterns of seven adverbs in both Old
and Middle English using data from different corpora: swīðe/swīthe, ful, miċle/muchel,
sāre/sǭre, ġearwe/yāre, fela/fę̄le, and
hearde/harde. It is found that their development differs strikingly from their Continental
West Germanic counterparts, and they appear to preserve more primary usage patterns.
Effect of pseudo-random number on the security of quantum key distribution protocol
Authors: Yang 杨 Xiao-Liang 晓亮 , Li 李 Yu-Qing 毓擎 , Li 李 Hong-Wei 宏伟 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the process of quantum key distribution (QKD), the communicating parties need to randomly determine quantum states and measurement bases. To ensure the security of key distribution, we aim to use true random sequences generated by true random number generators as the source of randomness. In practical systems, due to the difficulty of obtaining true random numbers, pseudo-random number generators are used instead. Although the random numbers generated by pseudo-random number generators are statistically random, meeting the requirements of uniform distribution and independence, they rely on an initial seed to generate corresponding pseudo-random sequences. Attackers may predict future elements from the initial elements of the random sequence, posing a security risk to quantum key distribution. This paper analyzes the problems existing in current pseudo-random number generators and proposes corresponding attack methods and applicable scenarios based on the vulnerabilities in the pseudo-random sequence generation process. Under certain conditions, it is possible to obtain the keys of the communicating parties with very low error rates, thus effectively attacking the quantum key system. This paper presents new requirements for the use of random numbers in quantum key systems, which can effectively guide the security evaluation of quantum key distribution protocols.