bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating hierarchical statistical models and machine-learning algorithms for ground-truthing drone images of the vegetation: taxonomy, abundance and population ecological models
Authors: Damgaard Christian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to fit population ecological models, e.g. plant competition models, to new drone-aided image data, we need to develop statistical models that may take the new type of measurement uncertainty when applying machine-learning algorithms into account and quantify its importance for statistical inferences and ecological predictions. Here, it is proposed to quantify the uncertainty and bias of image predicted plant taxonomy and abundance in a hierarchical statistical model that is linked to ground-truth data obtained by the pin-point method. It is critical that the error rate in the species identification process is minimized when the image data are fitted to the population ecological models, and several avenues for reaching this objective are discussed. The outlined method to statistically model known sources of uncertainty when applying machine-learning algorithms may be relevant for other applied scientific disciplines.
An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of theCucurbita peponectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion
Authors: Solhaug Erik M. , Roy Rahul , Chatt Elizabeth C. , Klinkenberg Peter M. , Mohd-Fadzil Nur-Aziatull , Hampton Marshall , Nikolau Basil J. , Carter Clay J. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTNectar is the main reward that flowers offer to pollinators to entice repeated visitation.Cucurbita pepo(squash) is an excellent model for studying nectar biology, as it has large nectaries that produce large volumes of nectar relative to most other species. Squash is also monoecious, having both female and male flowers on the same plant, which allows comparative analyses of nectary function in one individual. Here we report the nectary transcriptomes from both female and male nectaries at four stages of floral maturation. Analysis of these transcriptomes and subsequent confirmatory experiments revealed a metabolic progression in nectaries leading from starch synthesis to starch degradation and to sucrose biosynthesis. These results are consistent with previously published models of nectar secretion and also suggest how a sucrose-rich nectar can be synthesized and secreted in the absence of active transport across the plasma membrane. Non-targeted metabolomic analyses of nectars also confidently identified 40 metabolites in both female and male nectars, with some displaying preferential accumulation in nectar of either male or female flowers. Cumulatively, this study identified gene targets for reverse genetics approaches to study nectary function, as well as previously unreported nectar metabolites that may function in plant-biotic interactions.
Impaired social behaviour and molecular mediators of associated neural circuits during chronicToxoplasma gondiiinfection in female mice
Authors: Tyebji Shiraz , Seizova Simona , Garnham Alexandra L , Hannan Anthony J , Tonkin Christopher J 
Published: December 2018

AbstractToxoplasma gondii(T. gondii) is a neurotropic parasite that is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. Rodents infected withT. gondiidisplay a plethora of behavioural alterations, andToxoplasmainfection in humans has been strongly associated with disorders such as schizophrenia, in which impaired social behaviour is an important feature. Elucidating changes at the cellular level relevant to neuropsychiatric conditions can lead to effective therapies. Here, we compare changes in behaviour during an acute and chronicT. gondiiinfection in female mice. Further, we notice that during chronic phase of infection, mice display impaired sociability when exposed to a novel conspecific. Also, we show thatT. gondiiinfected mice display impaired short-term social recognition memory. However, object recognition memory remains intact. Using c-Fos as a marker of neuronal activity, we show that infection leads to an impairment in neuronal activation in the medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus as well as the amygdala when mice are exposed to a social environment and a change in functional connectivity between these regions. We found changes in synaptic proteins that play a role in the process of neuronal activation such as synaptophysin, PSD-95 and changes in downstream substrates of cell activity such as cyclic AMP, phospho-CREB and BDNF. Our results point towards an imbalance in neuronal activity that can lead to a wider range of neuropsychiatric problems uponT. gondiiinfection.
Genomic analyses provide insights into genetic architecture of three-way crossbred pigs
Authors: Lin Yu , Tang Qianzi , Li Yan , He Mengnan , Jin Long , Ma Jideng , Wang Xun , Long Keren , Huang Zhiqing , Li Xuewei , Gu Yiren , Li Mingzhou 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCrossbreeding is effective for improving performance in poultry and livestock, which is mainly attributed to heterosis. For pork production, a classic three-way crossbreeding system of Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) is widely used to produce terminal crossbred pigs with stable and prominent performance. Nonetheless, studies on the transmission of genetic information and gene expression pattern of DLY have been limited.FindingsWe analyzed population-scale SNPs based on 30 individuals from these three purebreds and identified 529.93 K SNPs of breed-of-origin of alleles. We also applied whole-genome sequencing of ten individuals from a DLY pig family as well as transcriptome of four representative tissues (adipose, skeletal muscle, heart, and liver) for six DLY individuals. Based on above, we identified a large number of high-confidence ASE genes, among which four ASE genes (KMO,PLIN4,POPDC3andUGT1A6) were found to be shared over all DLY individuals.ConclusionWe suggest DLY is a more effective strategy of three-way crossbreeding among these three purebreds from genetic aspect. We suppose the numerous breed-of-origin of alleles have close association with improved performance of crossbred individuals. ASE may also play important roles on DLY three-way crossbreeding system. Our findings are valuable for understanding the transmission of genetic information and the gene expression in DLY three-way crossbreeding and may be used to guide breeding and production of pigs in the future.
Genome-wide association study identifies seven novel loci associating with circulating cytokines and cell adhesion molecules in Finns
Authors: Sliz Eeva , Kalaoja Marita , Ahola-Olli Ari , Raitakari Olli , Perola Markus , Salomaa Veikko , Lehtimäki Terho , Karhu Toni , Viinamäki Heimo , Salmi Marko , Santalahti Kristiina , Jalkanen Sirpa , Jokelainen Jari , Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Männikkö Minna , Herzig Karl-Heinz , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Sebert Sylvain , Kettunen Johannes 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory processes contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple chronic conditions. Genetic factors play a crucial role in modulating the inflammatory load, but the exact mechanisms are incompletely understood.MethodsTo add understanding to the molecular mechanisms in inflammation, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 16 circulating cytokines and cell adhesion molecules (inflammatory phenotypes) in Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966, N=5,284). A subsequent meta-analysis was completed for 10 phenotypes available in a GWAS of three other Finnish population cohorts adding up to 13,577 individuals in the study. Complementary association tests were performed to study the effect of the ABO blood types on soluble adhesion molecule levels.ResultsWe identified seven novel and confirmed six previously reported loci associating with at least one of the studied inflammatory phenotypes (p<3.1×10−9). We observed three loci associating with the concentration of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), one of which is the ABO locus that has been previously associated with soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels. Results from the complementary analyses suggest that the blood type B associates primarily with the concentration of sVCAM-1 while the A1 subtype shows a robust effect on sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels. Furthermore, the genotypes in the ABO locus associating with higher soluble adhesion molecule levels tend to associate with lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and lower cardiovascular disease risk.ConclusionThe present results extend the knowledge about genetic factors contributing to the inflammatory load. Our findings suggest that two distinct mechanisms contribute to the soluble adhesion molecule levels at the ABO locus. The negative correlation between the genetic effects on soluble adhesion molecule levels and cardiovascular traits in this locus further suggests that increased soluble adhesion molecule levels per se may not be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Key performance indicators for the evaluation of academic and research laboratory facilities
Authors: Mahmoud Abubakar Sadiq , Sanni-Anibire Muizz O. , Hassanain Mohammad A. , Ahmed Wahhaj 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive list of key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be employed in determining the functional performance of academic and research laboratory facilities.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a two-phase approach. First, a thorough literature review was conducted to identify potential KPIs specific to the performance of laboratory facilities. This was followed by an assessment of the KPIs by 12 respondents including 6 professionals and 6 users. The KPIs were arranged in the form of a questionnaire survey containing response columns for agree/disagree, and importance rating scales for evaluation. The relative importance index values were also computed.FindingsThe result of the study was a comprehensive list of 161 KPIs classified into nine categories including: space, access/circulation, utilities and waste, environmental conditions, furniture, appearance/finishes/image, communications, storage within the space and special building features. These KPIs were perceived to be at varying levels of importance by the respondents.Originality/valueThough previous studies developed KPIs for the performance of facilities, these KPIs are not universal. Thus, the originality of this study is in its identification of a comprehensive set of KPIs unique to the design, evaluation and management of research and academic laboratory facilities.
Exploring the social structure of strategic management research with a hospitality industry focus
Authors: Koseoglu Mehmet Ali , Law Rob , Dogan Ismail Cagri 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the social structure of strategic management research in the hospitality management field to determine whether a strong social structure is needed and, if so, how this structure can be enriched within the hospitality field.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 1,652 articles related to hospitality strategic management published in leading hospitality and tourism as well as business journals were analyzed using co-authorship analysis combined with social network analysis.

Findings
The study’s findings demonstrate a progressive growth in collaboration. Leading authors, institutions and countries in the collaboration networks are identified. Network analysis shows that the ties in the network are too weak to build a strong social identity, although the community is broad.

Practical implications
This study provides solutions for building a strong social identity related to strategic management in the hospitality field. Moreover, this study helps leaders and managers, who need to know whom to speak to within academia to get industry-based advice, as well as scholars, junior researchers and graduate students, who must recognize the individuals producing knowledge in the academic field, to identify the key actors within the field.

Originality/value
As one of the first studies in this field, this research discusses why a strong social identity is necessary and how it can be built further while also looking at the potential for expansion in future studies.
The roles of emerging multinational companies’ technology-driven FDIs in their learning processes for innovation
Authors: Liu Ju 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contextually theorise the different patterns of emerging multinational companies’ (EMNCs’) learning processes for innovation and the different influences of their technology-driven FDIs (TFDIs) on the processes.

Design/methodology/approach
A comparative case study method and process tracing technique are employed to investigate how and why firms’ learning processes for innovation took place, how and why the TFDIs emerged and influenced the firms’ learning processes in different ways.

Findings
The paper identifies two different patterns of learning process for innovation (Glider model vs Helicopter model) and two different roles of the case firms’ TFDIs (accelerator vs starter) in the different contexts of their learning processes. It is found that the capability building of the domestic wind energy industry has an important influence on the case of EMNCs’ learning processes and thus on the roles of their TFDIs.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of the paper lies in its small number of cases in a specific industry of a specific country. The two contextually identified learning models and roles of TFDIs may not be applied to other industries or other countries. Future research should investigate more cases in broader sectoral and geographic scope to test the models and also to identify new models.

Practical implications
For EMNCs, who wants to use the Helicopter model to rapidly gain production and innovation capability, cross-cultural management and integration management are crucial to practitioners. For emerging countries with ambitions to explore the global knowledge and technology pool, besides of the EMNC’s capability building, the capability building in the domestic industries should not be overlooked by policy makers.

Originality/value
The paper develops a dynamic and contextual analytical framework which helps to answer the important questions about how and under what context a TFDI emerges and influences firm’s learning process for innovation. It theorises the EMNCs’ learning process and TFDIs in the context of the development of the domestic industry. It strengthens the explanatory power of the learning-based view and adds new knowledge to the current FSA/CSA discourse in the international business literature.
Degradation index construction methodology for mechanical transmission based on fusion of multispectral oil data
Authors: Yan Shufa , Ma Biao , Zheng Changsong 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of constructing a degradation index (DI) is to better characterize the degradation degree of mechanical transmission compared with relying solely on spectral oil data, which leads to an accurate estimation of the failure time when the transmission no longer fulfills its function.

Design/methodology/approach
The DI is modeled using a weighted average function with two desirable properties: maximizing the monotonic trend and minimizing the variance of failure threshold between different transmissions. The method includes concentration modification, data selection and data fusion steps that lead to a reasonable mechanical transmission degradation model. The proposed methodology was verified through a case study involving multispectral oil data sampled from several power-shift steering transmissions.

Findings
The results show that the DI outperforms all spectral oil data. Compared with the existing spectral oil data-based degradation modeling approach for mechanical transmissions, the present methodology provides an accurate RUL prediction.

Research limitations/implications
There are several important directions for future research: First, more degradation data (i.e. ferrography) that are tailored to the degradation modeling of mechanical transmission need to be involved. Second, more effective degradation data selection methodologies that are applicable for multiple data types need to be developed. Third, kernel methods that can fuse the nonlinear degradation data need to be investigated.

Originality/value
The novelty of this methodology lies in integrating the multiple degradation data in a unified DI. And the main contribution of this paper is to establish a new direction in degradation modeling and RUL prediction of mechanical transmission.
Metadata categorization for identifying search patterns in a digital library
Authors: Bogaard Tessel , Hollink Laura , Wielemaker Jan , van Ossenbruggen Jacco , Hardman Lynda 
Published: December 2018

PurposeFor digital libraries, it is useful to understand how users search in a collection. Investigating search patterns can help them to improve the user interface, collection management and search algorithms. However, search patterns may vary widely in different parts of a collection. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to identify these search patterns within a well-curated historical newspaper collection using the existing metadata.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyzed search logs combined with metadata records describing the content of the collection, using this metadata to create subsets in the logs corresponding to different parts of the collection.FindingsThe study shows that faceted search is more prevalent than non-faceted search in terms of number of unique queries, time spent, clicks and downloads. Distinct search patterns are observed in different parts of the collection, corresponding to historical periods, geographical regions or subject matter.Originality/valueFirst, this study provides deeper insights into search behavior at a fine granularity in a historical newspaper collection, by the inclusion of the metadata in the analysis. Second, it demonstrates how to use metadata categorization as a way to analyze distinct search patterns in a collection.
The stepped model of peer provision practice: capturing the dynamics of peer support work in action
Authors: Zeng Grace , Chung Donna 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
In recent years, the employment of peer providers (PPs) has grown with the wider acceptance of lived experience expertise in recovery-oriented service provision. Although its effectiveness, theoretical foundations and factors influencing outcomes have been studied, a framework accounting for the dynamics of the PP–peer relationship has yet to be formulated. The purpose of this paper is to employ a qualitative approach to explore the journeys undertaken by PPs with their peers and form it into a cohesive framework of understanding.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews were conducted with PPs who were employed specifically to use their lived experience in supporting someone through mental distress. These interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using a framework approach. To enhance rigour, this framework was verified with the latter author and three other participants recruited after data analysis.

Findings
A stepped model of peer provision practice was crafted to capture the non-linearity of recovery, as well as the PP–peer relationship. This model is founded upon trust in the milieu of shared experience and involves: creating a safe place – a stage of building trust and rapport to a point where a PP is given permission to enter into their peer’s headspace; a working partnership – stage of setting and working towards goals collaboratively; and stepping out – a stage marked by the termination of the PP–peer relationship.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a tangible framework underpinning the dynamics of peer provision practice, which furthers our understanding and complements current practice models in peer provision services.
The effectiveness of applied learning: an empirical evaluation using role playing in the classroom
Authors: Acharya Harneel , Reddy Rakesh , Hussein Ahmed , Bagga Jaspreet , Pettit Timothy 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of role playing as an applied learning technique for enhanced classroom experiences as compared to traditional lecture methods.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the pre-test/post-test design to conduct experiments with several control and experimental groups. Subjects are graduate students in an MBA program at a private, non-profit university in a traditional classroom setting.FindingsStudents in the experimental group gained significantly more knowledge (post-test minus pre-test scores) – 45 percent higher – through participation in the role playing exercise as compared to the control group.Research limitations/implicationsThis study represents only a single educational discipline explored using a single role playing learning activity. Impacts on the long-term retention of the knowledge should be studied further.Practical implicationsEducators should enhance their classroom experience with more applied learning activities such as role playing in order to increase knowledge gain and potentially longer knowledge retention.Originality/valueThis study uses a customized role playing activity within a business curriculum as one of many applied learning techniques. The value to students was shown by significantly higher gain in knowledge while simultaneously enhancing their enjoyment of the classroom experience to potentially encourage further lifelong learning.
Gut microbiota in patients after surgical treatment for colorectal cancer
Authors: Jin Ye , Liu Yang , Zhao Lei , Zhao Fuya , Feng Jing , Li Shengda , Chen Huinan , Sun Jiayu , Zhu Biqiang , Geng Rui , Wei Yunwei 
Published: December 2018

SummaryColorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease worldwide that is strongly associated with the gut microbiota. However, little is known regarding the gut microbiota after surgical treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to evaluate differences in gut microbiota among colorectal adenoma patients, CRC patients, CRC postoperative patients and healthy controls by comparing gut microbiota diversity, overall composition and taxonomic signature abundance. The gut microbiota of CRC patients, adenoma patients and healthy controls developed in accordance with the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence, with impressive shifts in the gut microbiota before or during the development of CRC. The gut microbiota of postoperative patients and CRC patients differed significantly. Subdividing CRC postoperative patients according to the presence or absence of newly developed adenoma which based on the colonoscopy findings revealed that the gut microbiota of newly developed adenoma patients differed significantly from that of clean intestine patients and was more similar to the gut microbiota of carcinoma patients than to the gut microbiota of healthy controls. The alterations of the gut microbiota between the two groups of postoperative patients corresponded to CRC prognosis. More importantly, we used the different gut microbiota as biomarkers to distinguish postoperative patients with or without newly developed adenoma, achieving an AUC value of 0.72. These insights on the changes in the gut microbiota of CRC patients after surgical treatment may allow the use of the microbiota as non‐invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of newly developed adenomas and to help prevent cancer recurrence in postoperative patients.