bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The antitumor effect of hinesol, extract from Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. by proliferation, inhibition, and apoptosis induction via MEK/ERK and NF‐κB pathway in non–small cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI‐H1299
Authors: Guo Weiqiang , Liu Songbai , Ju Xin , Du Jiahui , Xu Bin , Yuan Hongxia , Qin Fenju , Li Liangzhi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLung cancer (especially, non–small cell lung cancer [NSCLC]) is one of the most malignant cancers in the world. Hinesol is the major component of the essential oil of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC and possesses the most promising anticancer function. However, the effects and molecular mechanism of hinesol on antiproliferation in NSCLC cells has not been well understood. In this study, we found that hinesol effectively inhibited the A549 and NCI‐H1299 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay. In addition, hinesol induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis assessed by flow cytometry in A549 cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that hinesol decreased phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, IκBα, and p65 inhibited the expressions of Bcl‐2, cyclin D1 and upregulated the expression of Bax. Based on these results, hinesol might be a potential drug candidate of anti‐NSCLC for therapy.
A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of miR‐155 predicts the risk of intracranial hemorrhage caused by rupture intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Yang Xiaobo , Peng Jianhua , Pang Jinwei , Wan Weifeng , Chen Ligang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to study the effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs767649 during the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture.MethodReal‐time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the differentiated expression of miR‐155 and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) among different sample groups. Computational analysis and luciferase assay were conducted to study the effect of SNP rs767649 on the expression of miR‐155 as well as the regulatory relationship between miR‐155 and MMP‐2.ResultsIn unruptured IA samples, the expression of miR‐155 was upregulated while the expression of MMP‐2 was downregulated compared with the ruptured IA samples. Similarly, the expression of miR‐155 was upregulated while the expression of MMP‐2 was downregulated in samples genotyped as AA/AT compared with samples genotyped as TT. In addition, compared with the negative controls, the luciferase activities of cells treated with rs767649A and rs767649T were both elevated with rs767649A‐transfected cells expressing the highest luciferase activity. Furthermore, a negative relationship was established between miR‐155 and MMP‐2 by measuring the luciferase activity of cells cotransfected with miR‐155 and the wild‐type 3′‐untranslated region of MMP‐2.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that the SNP rs767649 in the promoter of miR‐155 could reduce the transcription activity of miR‐155, while poorly expressed miR‐155 could increase the incidence of IA rupture by increasing the expression of MMP‐2, especially in subjects carrying the TT genotype of SNP rs767649.
MicroRNA 32 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and suppresses apoptosis in colon cancer cells by targeting OTU domain containing 3
Authors: Jin Yanzhao , Cheng Hua , Cao Jiaqing , Shen Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer is considered as the fourth leading reason of cancer‐linked deaths worldwide. However, our knowledge about its pathogenic mechanism remains inadequate. MicroRNA 32 (miR‐32), a member of small noncoding RNAs, has been found vital roles in tumorigenesis. This study studied its functions and underlying mechanism in colorectal cancer. The experiment revealed the obvious upregulation of miR‐32 in colorectal cancer tissues and six cancer cell lines, compared with normal tissues and cells. Moreover, miR‐32 upregulation reduced cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation and migration, while its downregulation displayed opposite effects. Dual luciferase reporter assays proved that miR‐32 bound to the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of OTU domain containing 3 (OTUD3), suggesting that miR‐32 directly targeted OTUD3. Further experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR‐32 could reduce the expression level of OTUD3. Furthermore, OTUD3 silence promoted proliferation and motility and decreased apoptosis for HCT116 cells and restored partly miR‐32‐mediated cell proliferation, migration, and antiapoptosis for colon cancer. Therefore, our study indicated that miR‐32 enhanced cell proliferation and motility abilities, and inhibited apoptosis by directly targeting OTUD3 in colon cancer cells, which implied that miR‐32 was hopeful to be a biomarker or target used for diagnosis and therapy of colon cancer.
In vivo antibacterial activity of Zataria multiflora Boiss extract and its components, carvacrol, and thymol, against colistin‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a pneumonic BALB/c mouse model
Authors: Hassannejad Niloofar , Bahador Abbas , Rudbari Nasim Hayati , Modarressi Mohammad Hossein , Parivar Kazem 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major cause of nosocomial infections. Various resistance mechanisms of A. baumannii against antibiotics have transformed it into a successful nosocomial pathogen. Because of the limited number of available antibiotics, we used a medicinal plant with an antibacterial effect. Zataria multiflora Boiss (ZMB) extract and its components were used for the treatment of pneumonic mice infected with A. baumannii. The biological effects of this extract and the regulation of the outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene were used in a mouse model.MethodsA pneumonic mouse model was prepared using clinical and standard strains (1.5 × 108 colony‐forming units/mL) of A. baumannii. BALB/c mice groups were treated with a ZMB extract, carvacrol, thymol, and sensitive antibiotics. The lung tissues of the treated mice were cultured for 5 days and each day, bacterial clearance and the ompA gene expression were assessed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIn the lung tissue culture of pneumonic mice infected with standard or clinical isolate, no colony was detected when treated with the ZMB extract after 2 and 3 days (P < 0.01), respectively. In the carvacrol‐treated group, bacterial clearance was seen at day 4 and day 5 (P < 0.05). Bacterial clearance was seen 5 days after treatment with thymol and imipenem and 6 days after ampicillin/sulbactam treatment. The regulation of ompA gene was significantly decreased in this order: ZMB extract, carvacrol, thymol, imipenem, and ampicillin/sulbactam.DiscussionThe ZMB extract had a potent bactericidal effect against A. baumannii that could downregulate the ompA gene. ZBM extract and carvacrol could be novel therapeutic agents for antibiotic‐resistant A. baumannii.
miR‐23b‐3p regulates apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing SIRT1 in lens epithelial cells
Authors: Zhou Wenkai , Xu Jun , Wang Chunxia , Shi Dong , Yan Qichang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAge‐related cataract is one of the prior causes of blindness and the incidence rates of cataract are even rising. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cataracts. Under oxidative stress, lens epithelial cell (LEC cell) apoptosis is activated, which might lead to the opacity of the lens and accelerate the progression of cataract development. Meanwhile, autophagy is also active to face oxidative stress. miRNAs have been reported to involve cataract. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of miR23b‐3p on apoptosis and autophagy in LEC cells under oxidative stress. The expression levels of miR‐23b‐3p were examined in age‐related cataract tissues and LEC cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, showing that miR23b‐3p expression levels were upregulated. Knockdown of miR23b‐3p expression in LEC cells brought about apoptosis significantly decreased while autophagy significantly increased during hydrogen peroxide. We predicted microRNA miRNA‐23b‐3p might participate in regulating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) by bioinformatics database of TargetScan. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miRNA‐23b‐p could suppress SIRT1 expression by binding its 3′UTR. In addition, overexpression or knockdown of miR‐23b‐3p could decrease or increase SIRT1 expression, which indicated that Mir‐23b‐3p could suppress SIRT1 expression. In addition, enhanced SIRT1 could attenuate the regulation of cell apoptosis and autophagy induced by overexpression of miR‐23b‐3p. Taken together, our findings revealed that miR‐23b‐3p regulated apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing SIRT1 in LEC cell under oxidative stress, which could provide new ideas for clinical treatment of cataract.
Bone marrow macrophage M2 polarization and adipose‐derived stem cells osteogenic differentiation synergistically promote rehabilitation of bone damage
Authors: Li Yiyang , Kong Ning , Li Zhe , Tian Run , Liu Xiaohui , Liu Guanzhi , Wang Kunzheng , Yang Pei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBy differentiating into and the balance being regulated between M1 (pro‐inflammatory) and M2 (anti‐inflammatory) heterogeneous populations, macrophages play critical roles during the host immune response in various physiological contexts in both health and diseases. Besides regulating innate and adaptive immune capacity, macrophages are also decisively involved in tissue homeostasis. However, how resident macrophages are regulated after tissue damages is still far from elucidation. In the present study, we found that adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) apparently promote bone defect rehabilitation in vivo via skewing differentiation of bone marrow–derived macrophage (BMDMs) towards anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages. In vitro data demonstrated that although ADSCs have the potential to differentiate to osteoblasts and adipose cells by using standard tissue culture‐differentiating conditions, these mesenchymal progenitors are mainly regulated to differentiate into osteoblasts with overexpressed runt‐related transcription factor 2, osteoprotegerin, osterix, and downregulated receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand in the presence of BMDMs‐conditioned medium. Whereas BMDMs are polarized toward M2 macrophages with higher levels of arginase 1 and mannose receptor, but lower levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor‐α when cocultured with ADSCs. In short, all these findings collectively demonstrated that ADSCs and resident host cells can synergistically contribute to the bony repair through mutual regulation of their differentiation and cytokine secretion.
Couple‐based interventions for PTSD among military veterans: An empirical review
Authors: Kugler Jordan , Andresen Felicia J. , Bean Ron C. , Blais Rebecca K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTreatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a commonly sought mental health service among military service members and veterans (SM/Vs). Such treatment is typically individually‐based, despite many SM/Vs reporting a desire for greater partner involvement in treatment. This review examined couple‐based treatments for PTSD among SM/Vs and their romantic partners.MethodA database search conducted in July, 2018 yielded 167 studies, of which 16 (10%) met inclusion criteria. Brief intervention summaries, effect sizes, and distress change scores (where applicable) are reported.ResultsThe 16 studies tested 7 interventions, which showed a reduction in self‐rated and clinician‐rated PTSD symptoms with large effect sizes observed in most studies. Relationship outcomes also improved for SM/Vs and their partners, with effect sizes ranging from small‐to‐medium for SM/Vs and small‐to‐large for partners.ConclusionsCouple‐based interventions show success in reducing PTSD symptoms and improving relationship outcomes, offering several alternatives to individual‐based interventions among partnered SM/Vs.
Missed diagnosis of cancer in primary care: Insights from malpractice claims data
Authors: Aaronson Emily L. , Quinn Gene R. , Wong Chris I. , Murray Ann Marie , Petty Carter R. , Einbinder Jonathan , Schiff Gordon D. 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundIn the ambulatory setting, missed cancer diagnoses are leading contributors to patient harm and malpractice risk; however, there are limited data on the malpractice case characteristics for these cases.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine key features and factors identified in missed cancer diagnosis malpractice claims filed related to primary care and evaluate predictors of clinical and claim outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed 2155 diagnostic error closed malpractice claims in outpatient general medicine. We created multivariate models to determine factors that predicted case outcomes.ResultsMissed cancer diagnoses represented 980 (46%) cases of primary care diagnostic errors, most commonly from lung, colorectal, prostate, or breast cancer. The majority (76%) involved errors in clinical judgment, such as a failure or delay in ordering a diagnostic test (51%) or failure or delay in obtaining a consult or referral (37%). These factors were independently associated with higher‐severity patient harm. The majority of these errors were of high severity (85%).ConclusionsMalpractice claims involving missed diagnoses of cancer in primary care most often involve routine screening examinations or delays in testing or referral. Our findings suggest that more reliable closed‐loop systems for diagnostic testing and referrals are crucial for preventing diagnostic errors in the ambulatory setting.
Interacting proteins of the essential two‐component system YycFG in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Wu Xuanang , Song Qi , Han Aidong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwo‐component signal transduction systems (TCSs) play a major role in adaption and survival of microorganisms in a dynamic and sometimes dangerous environment. YycFG is an essential TCS for many Gram‐positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, which regulates many important biological processes. However, its functional essentiality remains largely unknown. Here, we report several YycFG interacting proteins through coimmunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. We engineered the B. subtilis genome by a knock‐in approach to express YycG with a C‐terminal Flag and YycF with an N‐terminal HA tag. Immunoprecipitated fractions using anti‐Flag or anti‐HA agarose were subjected to MS analyses. A total of 41 YycG interacting proteins and four YycF interacting proteins were identified, most of which are involved in cellular metabolic processes, including cell wall synthesis and modification. The interactions of YycG with AsnB and FabL, as examples, were further validated in vitro. This study provided a clue that YycFG may be directly involved in regulation of bacterial central metabolic pathways.
Cut‐off low systems over Iraq: Contribution to annual precipitation and synoptic analysis of extreme events
Authors: Al‐Nassar Ali Raheem , Pelegrí Josep L. , Sangrà Pablo , Alarcon Marta , Jansa Agusti 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe combine daily in situ precipitation data with meteorological reanalysis data in order to explore the contribution of cut‐off low systems to the seasonal and inter‐annual rainfall variations over Baghdad from 2005 to 2016. During these 12 years (average rainfall of 131 ± 67 mm/year), 38 rainy cut‐off lows brought 43% of the total precipitation, with extreme inter‐annual variations. Indeed, precipitation associated with autumn cut‐off lows was the principal factor that turned an arid into a wet year: during the three most arid years cut‐off lows contributed about 25% of the average rainfall (10 out of 40 mm/year) while during the three wettest years they contributed near 67% (171 out of 254 mm/year). The extreme‐rain cut‐off low systems displayed analogous synoptic characteristics: upper‐atmosphere divergence, upwards vertical motions in the middle atmosphere, and lower‐atmosphere winds into central Iraq at times when the surface Red Sea and Persian Gulf waters were warmer than the surface air. During those days previous to an extreme event, the surface waters cooled substantially and the amount of precipitable water increased largely, suggesting high latent heat transfer. In order to characterize those conditions that favour rainfall, we focus on the November 18–20, 2013 cut‐off low system, which led to the largest flooding and wettest year in Baghdad between 2005 and 2016. The distribution of properties in the middle (500 hPa) and upper (250 hPa) troposphere shows that the region was affected by intense horizontal divergence and upwards motions, coinciding with a surface low over the Arabian Peninsula that caused intense northwards winds over the Persian Gulf and brought substantial moisture to central Iraq. The analysis of several stability indexes indicates that convective instability played a secondary role during the episode.
Fahien reconsidered: Pleistocene exploitation of wild bananas and Holocene introduction of Musa cultivars to Sri Lanka
Authors: De Langhe Edmond , Vrydaghs Luc , Perrier Xavier , Denham Tim 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA recent publication on the phytolith assemblage at Fahien rockshelter, Sri Lanka (Premathilake and Hunt) is argued to represent: the exploitation of wild Musa acuminata and M. balbisiana during the Late Pleistocene; the introduction of edible diploid cultivars from the Southeast Asia–New Guinea region during the early to mid‐Holocene; the generation and cultivation of triploid banana hybrids on Sri Lanka before 6194–5994 cal bp; and the subsequent spread of derived triploid cultivars to mainland India and westward to Africa. A careful review of the archaeobotanical research presented by Premathilake and Hunt, in the context of broader multidisciplinary evidence (agronomy, archaeobotany, genetics and linguistics) for the domestication and spread of banana cultivars, indicates that three main aspects of their argument are problematic: the lack of clarity in the characterization of banana domestication in the past; the methods used to discriminate phytoliths into banana taxa; and the promotion of Sri Lanka as a source region rather than a recipient of banana cultivars. Following reconsideration, the Fahien evidence is consistent with previous interpretations for the origins of diploid and significant triploid cultivars outside of Sri Lanka and dispersal to that island. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cave bear occupation in Schwabenreith Cave, Austria, during the early last glacial: constraints from 230Th/U‐dated speleothems
Authors: Spötl Christoph , Scholz Denis , Rabeder Gernot , Reimer Paula J. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe cave bear was a prominent member of the Upper Pleistocene fauna in Eurasia. While breakthroughs were recently achieved with respect to its phylogeny using ancient DNA techniques, it is still challenging to date cave bear fossils beyond the radiocarbon age range. Without an accurate and precise chronological framework, however, key questions regarding the palaeoecology cannot be addressed, such as the extent to which large climate swings during the last glacial affected the habitat and possibly even conditioned the final extinction of this mammal. Key to constraining the age of cave bear fossils older than the lower limit of radiocarbon dating is to date interlayered speleothems using 230Th/U. Here we report new results from one such site in the Eastern European Alps (Schwabenreith Cave), which yielded the highest density of bones of cave bear (Ursus spelaeus eremus). Although dating of the flowstones overlying this fossiliferous succession was partly compromised by diagenetic alteration, the 230Th/U dates indicate that the bear hibernated in this cave after about 113 ka and before about 109 ka. This time interval coincides with the equivalent of Greenland Stadial 25, suggesting possible climate control on the cave bear's habitat and behaviour. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
The influence of fine‐scale topography on the impacts of Holocene fire in a Tasmanian montane landscape
Authors: CADD HAIDEE , FLETCHER MICHAEL‐SHAWN , MARIANI MICHELA , HEIJNIS HENDRIK , GADD PATRICIA S. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTTasmania's montane temperate rainforests contain some of Australia's most ancient and endemic flora. Recent landscape‐scale fires have impacted a significant portion of these rainforest ecosystems. The complex and rugged topography of Tasmania results in a highly variable influence of fire across the landscape, rendering predictions of ecosystem response to fire difficult. We assess the role of topographic variation in buffering the influence of fire in these endemic rainforest communities. We developed a new 14 000‐year (14‐ka) palaeoecological dataset from Lake Perry, southern Tasmania, and compared it to neighbouring Lake Osborne (<250 m distant) to examine how topographic variations influence fire and vegetation dynamics through time. Repeated fire events during the Holocene cause a decline in montane rainforest taxa at both sites; however, in the absence of fire, rainforest taxa are able to recover. Montane temperate rainforest taxa persisted at Lake Perry until European settlement, whilst these taxa were driven locally extinct and replaced byEucalyptusspecies at Lake Osborne after 2.5 ka. Contiguous topographic fire refugia within the Lake Perry catchment probably provided areas of favourable microclimates that discouraged fire spread and supported the recovery of these montane temperate rainforests. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Itrax μ‐XRF core scanning for rapid tephrostratigraphic analysis: a case study from the Auckland Volcanic Field maar lakes
Authors: Peti Leonie , Gadd Patricia S. , Hopkins Jenni L. , Augustinus Paul C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTItrax micro X‐ray fluorescence (μ‐XRF) core scanning is a non‐destructive, rapid approach to measuring elemental concentrations and their variability in sediment cores. As such, it records elemental signatures of tephra layers, which serve as correlation tie points and chronological markers for these sedimentary archives of past climatic changes. The traditional tephra identification approach using electron microprobe‐based geochemical fingerprinting of glass shards is a slow and invasive process, whilst μ‐XRF scanning of rhyolite tephra in sediment cores from Auckland (New Zealand) could provide a faster, non‐invasive approach to aid the recognition of tephra layers. This study highlights the potential and pitfalls in this novel approach: changes in most scanning parameters, and the use of two different Itrax core scanners, still led to similar chemical characterizations of the tephra layers. Changes in other scanning parameters have a biasing influence on the chemical characterization of the tephra, which would lead to misidentification of unknown layers. We demonstrate that μ‐XRF core scanning provides a faster and non‐invasive approach to correlation of sediment sequences using chemically distinct, visually pure tephra layers if a strict scanning protocol is followed. Nevertheless, an extensive database of μ‐XRF‐scanned rhyolite tephra is required for recognition of unknown tephra units using this approach.