bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Core Competencies in Product Design Decision
Authors: Al-Rahim Ayad Mahmoud , Jayan Reem Abdul Karim 
Published: November 2018

A result of the growing challenges facing companies today and the sharp changes in the internal and external environment and the rapid developments that have resulted in companies seeking to attract those with outstanding skills and rare that have the core competencies to make them the point starting and an important source to achieve competitive advantages and to entrepreneurship in all its designs The research sought to highlight the impact of intrinsic capabilities as an independent variable in product design decision as an approved variable. The problem of field research is reflected in the limited exploitation and development of workers' skills and core competencies, which is reflected in the design of their products as well as their competitive role in the market. The research also aimed at clarifying the role of the core competencies possessed by the company in improving the design of its products to invest and develop them to provide products in a manner that distinguishes them from competitors by using the correct techniques for product design. The descriptive analytical approach was used and the questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting research data and information,. It was distributed to a sample of 98 managers and officials in the General Company for Hydraulic Industries (AL Hydraulic Plant,AL Plastic Factory) and using the statistical program (Spss.V.24) ) To process data in the applied side of the study: simple regression analysis to measure the effect of intrinsic determinants on product design decision, t-test, Guttman LA correlation coefficient to determine the persistence of the questionnaire, Spearman Relationship between variables. A number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which is the need for the company to consolidate and integrate all its workforce within the company to benefit from the diversity of knowledge and to ensure the exchange of information among them which positively reflect their business and achieve the company's objectives. The most important recommendations of the research are the need to adopt the company management of the strategies to be among the priorities in the protection of the environment in accordance with the standard ISO 14000 in the design of its products, and the need to know and rely on the specifications adopted by international companies and taking into account when adopting strategies to protect the environment .
The Responsibility of University Managers when Conducting Performance-oriented Reforms
Authors: Masou Roula 
Published: November 2018

Résumé La responsabilité des gestionnaires d’université dans la conduite de réformes axées sur la performance – La majorité des recherches académiques concernant les réformes managériales axées sur la performance se concentrent sur les aspects budgétaires de ces réformes. Cependant, l’un des aspects importants de ces dernières est la façon dont elles sont perçues par les personnes concernées. Il est encore peu étudié. Cet article traite de la responsabilité des gestionnaires d’universités dans la conduite des réformes visant à introduire plus d’autonomie et de performance au sein des établissements français d’enseignement supérieur. Il montre que la mise en œuvre de ces réformes induit pour les personnes en charge de la direction et de la gestion des universités une forme de responsabilité concernant la manière de communiquer les objectifs des dites réformes et, en conséquence, la capacité des universités à assurer leur acceptation parmi les agents concernés (universitaires, encadrement et personnel administratif d’exécution) et la mobilisation en faveur des objectifs poursuivis.
« Physique de la pensée » et « anti-humanisme théorique » : le « Spinoza » de Zourabichvili face à celui d’Althusser
Authors: Chappé Raphaël 
Published: November 2018

L’objet de cet article est de comparer deux approches de Spinoza mises en place par les philosophes français Louis Althusser et François Zourabichvili. Malgré les écarts substantiels entre ces approches, il existe entre elles des convergences significatives. Celles-ci tiennent d’une part à la lecture anti-humaniste de Spinoza par ces deux philosophes, c’est-à-dire au refus de poser un sujet maître et auteur de ses pensées et de ses actes, concept premier pour forger une essence normative de l’homme. Il y a d’autre part convergence entre ces deux philosophes en raison de leur conception de la vie psychique : une conception spinoziste, voire une conception qui prolonge le spinozisme. La philosophie française – Canguilhem après Politzer – a formulé un ensemble de reproches à l’encontre de la psychologie. Or Spinoza fournit, dans une démarche actualisante, des outils critiques contre toutes les formes de précipitation psychologique. Et en même temps, il indique, de l’intérieur de la philosophie, une voie permettant de cerner la vie psychique dans son mouvement propre. Il ne s’agit donc pas d’un réductionnisme : les phénomènes psychiques ont une existence spécifique, une teneur qui les fait résister à un enrégimentement trop rapide sous la juridiction d’une cause externe et hétérogène. Zourabichvili et Althusser réinvestissent alors – chacun à sa façon – l’articulation spinozienne entre contestation des prérogatives du sujet moderne et identification d’un domaine psychique irréductible.
Leibniz et les questions de l’ontologie juridique : la science, les règles et le concept du droit
Authors: Paksy Mate 
Published: November 2018

L’originalité de l’ontologie leibnizienne réside dans le fait que sa philosophie du droit constitue une grande synthèse philosophique des juristes humanistes. Quant à la question de la place de la « science juridique » chez Leibniz, elle se trouve en réalité à tous les niveaux de son édifice métaphysique : l’omniprésence non seulement de références au droit et à la justice, mais aussi d’arguments d’ordre normatif est évidente. Chez Leibniz, la science juridique ne constitue pas un domaine autonome par rapport aux autres disciplines des sciences humaines, et il serait par conséquent vain d’essayer de dégager des lignes de démarcation strictes. Par son objet – l’ordre des règles « vérités » –, la science juridique s’inscrit parfaitement dans l’idée selon laquelle l’objet de la démonstration scientifique est la vérité. En vertu de cette doctrine, Leibniz identifie les éléments du système juridique existant comme droit positif et droit naturel, comme vérités contingentes (ou historiques) et vérités éternelles. Nous pensons que cette théorie de la norme juridique présente les caractéristiques d’une ontologie « hylétique ». Le droit naturel se veut un ensemble de vérités jugées « nécessaires », mais dépourvues de force obligatoire, contrairement à l’ontologie volontariste où les règles de droit équivalent aux commandements d’un souverain hiérarchiquement supérieur. Le critère de la normativité réside dans la rationalité ; les règles juridiques ne sont ni « valides » ni « obligatoires », mais plutôt « nécessaires » et « vraies ». Un des défis les plus intéressants pour les études juridiques leibniziennes consiste à démontrer l’harmonie entre le système juridique rationnel et le cas perplexe irrationnel.
Le non-droit, l’état d’exception et l’incertitude juridique comme outils de domination politique
Authors: Goupy Marie 
Published: November 2018

Cet article se propose de rapprocher deux notions venues prendre une place non négligeable dans les réflexions contemporaines portant sur le droit : celle de « non-droit », construite pour penser la nature spécifique du « droit nazi », et celle d’« état d’exception », qui se voit désormais souvent associée à l’idée d’anomie juridique. Par cette confrontation, nous nous proposons de prolonger les réflexions notamment ouvertes par le concept même de non-droit : celles qui visent à penser la possibilité d’un « droit monstrueux » en des termes non pas substantiels, mais bien fonctionnels. En retour, ce nouvel éclairage nous permettra de penser les discontinuités entre un « état d’exception » et un « état de non-droit ».
Factors that influence employee perceptions about performance management at Statistics South Africa
Authors: Sachane Maria , Bezuidenhout Adele , Botha Chris 
Published: November 2018

Orientation: The implementation of performance management (PM) in the public sector remains a challenge and requires an investigation into employees’ perception of PM at Statistics South Africa.Research purpose: This study investigates the factors that affect employee performance at Statistics South Africa with the aim of providing a management framework for improving the performance of employees.Motivation for the study: The motivation for this study was to identify factors that affect employees’ perception of PM at Statistics South Africa. By ascertaining these factors, it may be possible to influence the performance of employees positively.Research approach/design and method: The study followed a quantitative research approach using an explorative and descriptive design. The population consisted of 3326 employees. The random sample drawn contained 444 respondents, and the realised sample had 303 respondents. This represented a response rate of 68%. Data were collected through a Likert-scale-type questionnaire.Main findings: The results showed that employees perceived PM as ineffective and unfair. Various factors affecting PM at Statistics South Africa negatively were revealed. The analysis of the research identified the following performance factors: communication, talent management, retention, recruitment and selection, engagement and motivation.Practical/managerial implications: The findings revealed that employees were not involved in the development and the implementation of PM. Managers and supervisors who are not committed to the PM of their subordinates avoid performance contracting and the conducting of performance reviews. Managers should be encouraged to give feedback to employees and to see PM as a development tool, rather than a compliance matter.Contribution/value-add: The research study contributes to the understanding of the perception of employees of Statistics South Africa regarding the factors that positively or negatively affect the PM process.
An Alanine-Rich Peptide Attenuates Quorum Sensing-Regulated Virulence and Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Al Akeel Raid , Mateen Ayesha , Syed Rabbani 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background: Alanine-rich proteins/peptides (ARP), with bioactivity of up to 20 amino acid residues, can be observed by the body easily during gastrointestinal digestion. Objective: Populus trichocarpa extract’s capability to attenuate quorum sensing-regulated virulence and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus is described. Methods: PT13, an ARP obtained from P. trichocarpa, was tested for its activity against S. aureus using the broth microdilution test; a crystal-violet biofilm assay was performed under a scanning electron microscope. The production of various virulence factors was estimated with PT13 treatment. Microarray gene expression profiling of PT13-treated S. aureus was conducted and compared with an untreated control. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) was estimated to observe the PT13 inhibition activity. Results: PT13 was antimicrobial toward S. aureus at different concentrations and showed a similar growth rate in the presence and absence of PT13 at concentrations ≤8 μg/mL. Biofilm production was interrupted even at low concentrations, and biofilm-related genes were down-regulated when exposed to PT13. The genes encoding cell adhesion and bacterial attachment protein were the major genes suppressed by PT13. In addition, hemolysins, clumping activity, and EPS production of S. aureus decreased after treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions: A long-chain PT13 with effective actions that, even at low concentration levels, not only regulated the gene expression in the producer organism but also blocked the virulence gene expression in this Gram-positive human pathogen is described. Highlights: We identified a PT13 as a potential antivirulence agent that regulated production of bacterial virulence determinants (e.g., toxins, enzymes and biofilm), downwards and it may be a promising anti-virulence agent to be further developed as an anti-infective agent.
Optogenetic Modulation and Reprogramming of Bacteriorhodopsin‐Transfected Human Fibroblasts on Self‐Assembled Fullerene C60 Nanosheets
Authors: Luo Pei‐Wen , Han Hao‐Wei , Yang Chii‐Shen , Shrestha Lok Kumar , Ariga Katsuhiko , Hsu Shan‐hui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFullerenes have unique biocompatibility and photoelectric properties and are candidate materials for biomedical applications. Several cell membrane proteins in nature such as bacteriorhodopsin also have photoelectric properties. Highly expressible bacteriorhodopsin (HEBR) is a novel light‐sensitive opsin that has the potential to trigger neural activities through optogenetic modulation. Here, HEBR plasmids are delivered to human fibroblasts and the cells are exposed to C60 fullerene self‐assembled 2D nanosheets. Results show that the above approach combined with light stimulation (3 s duration and three times per day) may promote reprogramming and differentiation of human fibroblasts into neural‐like cells in 7 d without any neural induction medium. The special photoelectric properties of fullerenes as culture substrates and transfected HEBR on the cell membrane may provide a new optogenetic platform for regulating the location (C60 nanosheet) and time (frequency of light illumination) for human fibroblasts to become neural‐like cells, and may be applied to improve neural regeneration in the future.
Label‐Free Bioanalysis Based on Low‐Q Whispering Gallery Modes: Rapid Preparation of Microsensors by Means of Layer‐by‐Layer Technology
Authors: Olszyna Mateusz , Debrassi Aline , Üzüm Cagri , Dähne Lars 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLow‐Q‐whispering gallery modes (low‐Q‐WGM) can be used for label‐free detection of interactions between biomolecules, measuring their binding and release kinetics or for analysis of changes in the medium in real‐time. The main advantage of the low‐Q‐WGM approach over other label‐free methods is the possibility of measurements in small cavities as the method uses microparticles down to 6 µm as sensors. Commercially available dye‐doped microparticles that are used as low‐Q‐WGM sensors exhibit several drawbacks. Therefore, alternative particle types are developed and optimized as low‐Q‐WGM sensors. First, dye‐doped particles made of different materials are screened. The most critical parameter for WGM performance is the refractive index (RI) of sensor particles. Furthermore, surface roughness of particles, determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, affects their performance as WGM microsensors. In the second test, fluorescent dyes immobilized on nonfluorescent particles by means of nanometer thick layer‐by‐layer (LbL) films are shown to generate a strong WGM signal. The LbL‐coated particles show remarkably less background fluorescence than dye‐doped particles and are easier to prepare. Finally, this article proposes rapid preparation methods for WGM microparticle sensors based on various parameters such as material type, RI, surface roughness, and number of coated polymer layers.
Hydrosilane‐Promoted Facile Deprotection of tert‐Butyl Groups in Esters, Ethers, Carbonates, and Carbamates
Authors: Ikeda Takuya , Zhang Zhenzhong , Motoyama Yukihiro 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCombination of PdCl2 with 1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane in the presence of activated carbon was found to be an effective catalyst system for the cleavage reaction of C−O bond of O−t‐Bu moieties. The present catalytic reaction offers a practical method for the deprotection of tert‐butyl esters, tert‐butyl ethers, O‐Boc, and N‐Boc derivatives under mild conditions. The addition of activated carbon in the reaction mixture was proved to be crucial for not only sustaining the catalytic activity but also trapping the palladium species after the reaction.magnified image
Fluoride‐Controlled Molecular Brake Systems
Authors: Han Senkai , Wu Yingying , Duan Ran , Jiang Hua , Wang Ying 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe approaches towards molecular brakes reported to date are not diversified enough. Fluoride is a unique species because it is an anion but can also act as a base. Herein a new strategy utilizing fluoride anions is reported to regulate the rotation of a kind of phenol‐succinimide‐based molecular rotors, in which braking of the rotors was achieved by using fluorides to deprotonate the molecules to introduce an intramolecular electrostatic repulsion. Subsequent addition of lithium cations defunctionalized the fluoride anions, thus enabling the rotors to rotate fast again. By using cyclic fluoride‐then‐lithium mediation, transformation between the “brake‐on” and the “brake‐off” state of the rotors could be achieved in a highly reversible manner. The stimuli group is superior to regular acid/base in speed regulation of the rotors due to its higher efficiency and predictability of the usage.
Classes of Exactly Solvable Generalized Semi‐Classical Rabi Systems
Authors: Grimaudo Roberto , Magalhães de Castro Antonio Sérgio , Nakazato Hiromichi , Messina Antonino 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe exact quantum dynamics of a single spin‐1/2 in a generic time‐dependent classical magnetic field are investigated and compared with the quantum motion of a spin‐1/2 studied by Rabi and Schwinger. The possibility of regarding the scenario studied here as a generalization of that considered by Rabi and Schwinger is discussed and the notion of a time‐dependent resonance condition is introduced and carefully legitimated and analyzed. Several examples help to disclose analogies and departures of the quantum motion induced in a generalized Rabi system with respect to that exhibited by the spin‐1/2 in a magnetic field precessing around the z‐axis. It is found that, under a generalized resonance condition, the time evolution of the transition probability between the two eigenstates of may be dominated by a regime of distorted oscillations, or may even exhibit a monotonic behavior. At the same time, the authors succeed in predicting asymptotic behaviors with no oscillations in the time‐dependence of under general conditions. New scenarios of experimental interest originating a Landau–Zener transition are brought to light.
Decarboxylative ipso Amination of Activated Benzoic Acids
Authors: Pichette Drapeau Martin , Bahri Janet , Lichte Dominik , Gooßen Lukas J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the presence of a bimetallic Pd/Cu system with 1,10‐phenanthroline as the ligand and either air or N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide as the oxidant, electron‐deficient benzoic acids undergo oxidative decarboxylative coupling with unprotected amines. This operationally simple aniline synthesis is widely applicable with respect to the amine and gives good yields, even on multigram scale. The orthogonality of this reaction to other Pd‐catalyzed cross‐couplings allows the concise synthesis of multisubstituted arenes by sequential C−C, C−Cl, and C−N functionalizations. Mechanistic investigations suggest the intermediacy of a hypervalent Pd species.
Adamantane‐Substituted Acridine Donor for Blue Dual Fluorescence and Efficient Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Wei , Cai Xinyi , Li Binbin , Gan Lin , He Yanmei , Liu Kunkun , Chen Dongcheng , Wu Yuan‐Chun , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo date, blue dual fluorescence emission (DFE) has not been realized because of the limited choice of chemical moieties and severe geometric deformation of the DFE emitters leading to strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) with a large Stokes shift in excited states. Herein, an emitter (1′r,5′R,7′S)‐10‐(4‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐10H‐spiro [acridine‐9,2′‐adamantane] (a‐DMAc‐TRZ) containing a novel adamantane‐substituted acridine donor is reported, which exhibits unusual blue DFE. The introduction of the rigid and bulky adamantane moiety not only suppressed the geometry relaxation in excited state, but also induced the formation of quasi‐axial conformer (QAC) and quasi‐equatorial conformer (QEC) geometries, leading to deep‐blue conventional fluorescence and sky‐blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The resulting organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of about 29 %, which is the highest reported for OLEDs based on dual‐conformation emitters.
Hexapole [9]Helicene
Authors: Wang Yonggen , Yin Zhibo , Zhu Yanpeng , Gu Jiajian , Li Yang , Wang Jiaobing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHerein we present the first hexapole [9]helicene (H9H). Co‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization of a dinaphthopyrene (DNP) functionalized alkyne provides the hexaaryl benzene precursor 2, which is transformed into H9H via a dehydrocyclization reaction. Formation of each embedded [9]helicene involves forging of a new C−C bond, which stitches together two [4]helicene subunits of the neighboring DNP blades, reminiscent of the initial method Martin developed for the preparation of [9]helicene in the 1960s. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis of both 2 and H9H discloses their extremely distorted and crowded structural features. Chiral resolution, optical and electronic properties of H9H are also presented.
Carbon‐iodide bond activation by cyclometalated Pt (II) complexes bearing tricyclohexylphosphine ligand: A comparative kinetic study and theoretical elucidation
Authors: Chamyani Samira , Shahsavari Hamid R. , Abedanzadeh Sedigheh , Golbon Haghighi Mohsen , Shabani Sepideh , Notash Behrouz 
Published: November 2018

Cyclometalated Pt (II) complexes [PtMe(C^N)(L)], in which C^N = deprotonated 2,2′‐bipyridine N‐oxide (Obpy), 1, deprotonated 2‐phenylpyridine (ppy), 2, deprotonated benzo [h] quinolone (bzq), 3, and L = tricyclohexylphosphine (PCy3) were prepared and fully characterized. By treatment of 1–3 with excess MeI, the thermodynamically favored Pt (IV) complexes cis‐[PtMe2I(C^N)(PCy3)] (C^N = Obpy, 1a; ppy, 2a; and bzq, 3a) were obtained as the major products in which the incoming methyl and iodine groups adopted cis positions relative to each other. All the complexes were characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy while the absolute configuration of 1a was further determined by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. The reaction of methyl iodide with 1–3 were kinetically explored using UV–vis spectroscopy. On the basis of the kinetic data together with the time‐resolved NMR investigation, it was established that the oxidative addition reaction occurred through the classical SN2 attack of Pt (II) center on the MeI reagent. Moreover, comparative kinetic studies demonstrated that the electronic and steric nature of either the cyclometalating ligands or the phosphine ligand influence the rate of reaction. Surprisingly, by extending the oxidative addition reaction time, very stable iodine‐bridged Pt (IV)‐Pt (IV) complexes [Pt2Me4(C^N)2(μ‐I)2] (C^N = Obpy, 1b; ppy, 2b; and bzq, 3b) were obtained and isolated. In order to find a reasonable explanation for the observation, a DFT (density functional theory) computational analysis was undertaken and it was found that the results were consistent with the experimental findings.