bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of an organisation’s adopted corporate social responsibility constructs on consumers’ intended buying behaviour: a Malaysian perspective
Authors: Yeo Amy Chu-May , Lee Sky Xiu-Mei , Carter Steve 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of adopted corporate social responsibility (CSR) constructs, which include economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities, on the intended buying behaviour of Malaysian consumers. The study also aims to investigate the perceived value of whether the consumers considered an organisation’s CSR initiatives before deciding any purchase of products or services.

Design/methodology/approach
An online Google form survey successfully obtained 295 usable responses through a snowballing and networking approach. Statistical analyses such as Pearson correlation, ANOVA and standard multiple regression were used to examine the correlation and the strength of relationship, as well as the prediction between the CSR attributes and their impact on consumer buying behaviour.

Findings
The results represented a significant positive association between all the four constructs (social, ethical, legal and philanthropic) and consumer intended buying behaviour. These constructs also significantly contributed to the prediction of consumer behaviour towards the CSR initiatives. Conversely, the demographic profile of consumers had no effect on the relationship between CSR and consumer buying behaviour.

Research limitations/implications
Examining basic concepts of CSR awareness and understanding might add to the flavour and rigour of this study, which future research should consider. The positivist approach of the current research could be supplemented with a more interactive qualitative in-depth study investigating why and how consumers behave.

Practical implications
The implication for Malaysian companies is that it is imperative for their long-term survival that a strategic view, rather than just a tactical, reactive or operational view, is taken of their CSR activities. Furthermore, it will help organisations to confidently predict positive intentions towards the sales of goods and services.

Originality/value
The outcome of this study has filled the CSR lacuna in the context of a developing country, as well as adding new insights into the influence and perceived value of CSR on intended consumer buying behaviour. Consumers, irrespective of their age and background, are getting wiser and cautious in purchasing products from companies which are CSR-oriented, in particular, in relation to social, legal, ethical and philanthropic perspectives.
Purity, cleanliness, and smell: female circumcision, embodiment, and discourses among midwives and excisers in Fouta Toro, Senegal
Authors: O'Neill Sarah 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSince the 1980s, a multiplicity of medical, social, and anthropological research has looked into different aspects of female genital cutting (FGC), with outcomes that are used as justifications for, or objections to, different forms of intervention on a global level. Yet there is limited research looking at local indigenous medical knowledge, and how potential health problems resulting from cutting are understood and treated by those who perform female circumcision as a profession. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Fouta Toro, Senegal, this article shows that despite some medical professionals’ genuine commitment to stop FGC, their aesthetic notions of cleanliness and repulsion often still conform to dominant discourses and beliefs around purity. This article explores contradictory conceptions of female anatomy, purity, and olfactory differences between excised and unexcised women. It shows that instead of there being a one‐dimensional opposition between different forms of knowledge (local/indigenous vs biomedical), as frequently implied in public health messages, people can assimilate seemingly contradictory viewpoints that correspond to their social identities, embodied manners, and the sensory and olfactory perceptions of their social environment.
Using food prices and consumption to examine Chinese cost of living
Authors: Cook Jonathan A. , Gale Fred 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper considers two approaches to examining potential bias in China's consumer price index: (i) inferring true changes in cost of living from consumer behaviour; and (ii) creating alternative price indices to compare with official indices. For (i), our semi‐parametric estimates agree with the recent finding of a large understatement in increases to the true cost of living. For (ii), we focus on food prices and explore potential causes of bias. We find some evidence of a new‐good bias. China's large‐scale migration also causes changes in the cost of living that are not reflected in the consumer price index.
Economic policy uncertainty spillovers in small open economies: The case of Hong Kong
Authors: Luk Paul , Cheng Michael , Ng Philip , Wong Ken 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper studies the extent to which economic policy uncertainty shocks in major economies affect real economic activity in small open economies. We use Hong Kong as a case study. Following Baker, Bloom and Davis (2016), we construct a newspaper‐based economic policy uncertainty index for Hong Kong for the period 1998 to 2016. We estimate international spillovers of uncertainty and find large spillovers of uncertainty from major economies to Hong Kong. Furthermore, using a structural vector autoregressive approach, we show that a rise in domestic economic policy uncertainty leads to tight financial conditions, and lower investment and vacancy posting, dampening domestic output growth.
Added sugar and sodium levels in New Zealand processed fruit and vegetable‐based products
Authors: Chepulis Lynne , Everson Nadine , Heapy Amanda , Mearns Gael 
Published: September 2018

AimFruit and vegetables are strongly promoted because of the nutrients they provide; many processed products contain added sugar and sodium. The present study aims to quantify the sugar and sodium content of pre‐packaged fruit and vegetable‐based products that are available in New Zealand supermarkets.MethodsNutrition Information Panel data were collected from non‐frozen, processed fruit and vegetable products in New Zealand supermarkets (including soups, sauces, jams and spreads, pickles, chutneys and dips, and canned/bottled fruit and vegetables) where fruit and/or vegetables were the majority ingredient(s).ResultsWith the exception of canned/bottled vegetables, more than 60% of products contained added sugar. Per serve, the median sugar content was highest in canned/bottled fruit (17.8 g). More than 75% of soups, vegetable‐based sauces, pickles/chutneys and canned/bottled vegetables contained added sodium, with soups (722 mg) recording the highest median values per serve.ConclusionsConsumers need to be aware that although they are encouraged to eat a diet high in fruit and vegetables, there may be large quantities of added sugar and sodium in manufactured fruit and vegetable products that can have significant negative impacts on their health. Government health promotion campaigns encouraging the consumption of fruit and vegetables should be careful to target fresh, frozen and home‐prepared foods, and work on educating the public about the lower nutritional quality associated with most processed fruit and vegetable products.
Comparable immunoreactivity rates of PD‐L1 in archival and recent specimens from non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Kobayashi Tetsu , Nishii Yoichi , Suzuki Yuta , Saiki Haruko , Ito Kentaro , Watanabe Fumiaki , Nishihama Kota , Yasuma Taro , D'Alessandro‐Gabazza Corina N. , Katsuta Koji , Fujimoto Hajime , Gabazza Esteban C , Taguchi Osamu , Hataji Osamu 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundMolecular targeted therapy including the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against the immune checkpoints PD‐L1 and PD‐1 receptor have remarkably improved the therapeutic response and survival of cancer patients. The tumor expression level of PD‐L1 can predict the response rate to checkpoint inhibitors. We evaluated whether the time interval between tumor tissue sampling/paraffinization and immunohistochemistry affects the staining level of PD‐L1 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThis study comprised 137 patients with NSCLC. Tumors were stained with 22C3 or 28‐8 antibodies.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between the immunoreactivity rate of tumor tissues obtained using 22C3 and 28‐8 clones. No statistical difference in immunoreactivity between archival and recent samples stained either with 22C3 or 28‐8 antibodies was observed. The immunoreactivity rate achieved with 22C3 or 28‐8 antibodies significantly correlated with tumor histological type and size, but not with specimen storage time, age, gender, smoking history, clinical stage, or lymph node metastasis.ConclusionIn brief, the results of this study show that the time interval between tissue sampling/paraffinization and immunohistochemical analysis has no influence on the immunoreactivity rate of PD‐L1 in NSCLC.
Gendered violence and overdose prevention sites: a rapid ethnographic study during an overdose epidemic in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Boyd Jade , Collins Alexandra B. , Mayer Samara , Maher Lisa , Kerr Thomas , McNeil Ryan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and AimsNorth America's overdose epidemic is increasingly driven by fentanyl and fentanyl‐adulterated drugs. Supervised consumption sites, including low‐threshold models (termed overdose prevention sites; OPS), are now being debated in the United States and implemented in Canada. Despite evidence that gendered and racialized violence shape access to harm reduction among women who use drugs (WWUD), this has not been examined in relation to OPS and amid the overdose epidemic. This study explores how overlapping epidemics of overdose and gendered and racialized violence in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside, one of North America's overdose epicenters, impacts how marginalized WWUD experience OPS.DesignQualitative analysis using rapid ethnographic fieldwork. Data collection included 185 hours of naturalistic observation and in‐depth interviews; data were analyzed thematically using NVivo.SettingVancouver, Canada.ParticipantsThirty‐five WWUD recruited from three OPS.MeasurementsParticipants’ experiences of OPS and the public health emergency.FindingsThe rapid onset and severity of intoxication associated with the use of fentanyl‐adulterated drugs in less regulated drug use settings not only amplified WWUD's vulnerability to overdose death but also violence. Participants characterized OPS as safer spaces to consume drugs in contrast to less regulated settings, and accommodation of assisted injections and injecting partnerships was critical to increasing OPS access among WWUD. Peer‐administered injections disrupted gendered power relations to allow women increased control over their drug use; however, participants indicated that OPS were also gendered and racialized spaces that jeopardized some women's access.ConclusionAlthough women who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada appear to feel that overdose prevention sites address forms of everyday violence made worse by the overdose epidemic, these sites remain ‘masculine spaces’ that can jeopardize women's access.
Strategies to reduce and maintain low perinatal mortality in resource‐poor settings – Findings from a four‐decade observational study of birth records from a large public maternity hospital in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Mola Glen D. L. , Unger Holger W. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundIn many low‐ to middle‐income countries (LMIC) assisted vaginal birth rates have fallen, while caesarean section (CS) rates have increased, with potentially deleterious consequences for maternal and perinatal mortality.AimsTo review birth mode and perinatal mortality in a large LMIC hospital with strict labour management protocols and expertise in vacuum extraction.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study at Port Moresby General Hospital in Papua New Guinea. Birth registers from 1977 to 2015 (39 years) were reviewed. Overall and modified (fresh stillbirths and early neonatal deaths ≥500 g) perinatal mortality rates (PMRs) were calculated by birthweight/birth mode.ResultsThere were 365 056 births (5215 in 1977; 14 927 in 2015), of which 14 179 (3.9%) were vacuum extractions, 609 (0.2%) forceps births and 14 747 (4.4%) CS (increase from 2% to 5%). The failure rate of vacuum extraction was 2.5% (range 0.5–5.4%). Symphysiotomy was employed for 184 births.From 1989 to 2015, the modified mean PMR for babies ≥2500 g was 8.1/1000 births (range 5.6–12.1; 6.9 in 2015), 9.1/1000 for babies ≥1500 g (7.3–14.8; 9.1 in 2015) and 7.5/1000 (0–21.7; 9.0 in 2015) for vacuum extractions (98% were ≥2500 g). The overall PMR for these years was 29.7/1000 births.ConclusionsIn an LMIC with rapidly increasing birth numbers a comparatively low PMR can be achieved while maintaining low CS rates. This may be in part accomplished through strict use of second‐stage protocols, perinatal audit, and supportive training that promotes judicious and proficient use of vacuum extraction and CS.
Surgical treatment of otitis media with effusion in Maori children
Authors: Johnston James , McLaren Holly , Mahadevan Murali , Douglas Richard G. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the incidence and outcomes of Maori and non‐Maori children with otitis media with effusion who underwent myringotomy plus ventilation tube insertion (MVTI).MethodsDe‐identified extraction of Auckland District Health Board (ADHB) morbidity records belonging to all children who underwent an MVTI procedure between January 1996 and June 2016 at Starship Children's Hospital was performed. Demographic, procedural and outcome data were analysed.ResultsA total of 11 941 children aged less than 10 years underwent at least one MVTI procedure in the Auckland region from January 1996 to June 2016. Of those, 2387 (20%) were Maori and 9554 (80%) were non‐Maori. There was no difference in gender, age, length of stay, 30‐day readmissions or complications between Maori and non‐Maori at index or subsequent surgeries. Maori were not more likely than non‐Maori to require subsequent MVTI (P = 0.13). There was no difference between Maori and non‐Maori rates of having MVTI alone (P = 0.11) or MVTI with adenoidectomy ± tonsillectomy (P = 0.61).ConclusionsSome epidemiological evidence suggests that Maori have a higher incidence of middle ear disease in the community. However, this study indicates that there is no difference in the post‐operative course between Maori and non‐Maori children.
Explaining oral health inequalities in European welfare state regimes: The role of health behaviours
Authors: Guarnizo‐Herreño Carol C. , Watt Richard G. , Garzón‐Orjuela Nathaly , Tsakos Georgios 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the extent to which behavioural factors, including those related to dental care, account for oral health inequalities in different European welfare state regimes.MethodsData from the Eurobarometer 2009 survey were analysed. Nationally representative samples of dentate adults aged ≥45 years (n = 9979) from 21 European countries classified into the five welfare regimes (Scandinavian, Anglo‐Saxon, Bismarckian, Southern, Eastern) were considered. Inequalities in no functional dentition (having <20 natural teeth) by education and occupation were identified using the Relative and Slope Indices of Inequality (RIIandSII, respectively). The percentage reduction inRIIandSIIwas calculated from regression models before and after adjustment for behaviours, first one at a time and then all together.ResultsBehaviours explained 21.0% (95%CI8.7, 31.4) and 13.1% (95%CI7.9, 33.2) of educational inequalities in no functional dentition (RII) in the Scandinavian and Eastern regimes, respectively. For occupational inequalities, the attenuations inRIIin these welfare regimes were 19.3% (95%CI7.1, 24.2) and 10.5% (95%CI3.4, 22.5), respectively. Attenuations were weaker and nonsignificant in the Bismarckian, Anglo‐Saxon and Southern regimes. Among the behaviours analysed, alcohol consumption was particularly relevant in explaining inequalities in the Scandinavian regime, and this was confirmed in sensitivity analyses through three‐way cross‐level interaction terms in multilevel models. Behaviours related to dental care produced similar, consistent attenuations in the Scandinavian and Eastern regimes for both socioeconomic indicators.SIIfindings showed a similar picture.ConclusionThe role of particular behaviours in explaining oral health inequalities could be heterogeneous across European welfare regimes, indicating that their importance might be influenced by the general approach to social policies.
China and the United States: The Contest for Global Economic Leadership
Authors: Bergsten C. Fred 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper considers whether there is a “Thucydides trap” in the world economy, referring to the inherent conflict between incumbent and challenger. It assesses the impact of President Trump's alienation of traditional US allies, which threatens to splinter the “hegemonic coalition” and even push China and Europe together, and his convergence toward some Chinese norms on trade and even politics. It outlines three possible systemic scenarios: a “G0” in which the US is no longer willing to lead but China is not yet able or willing, and whether such a (likely) regime will be stable or unstable; a new “G1,” sooner or later, led by China; and a cooperative “G2” in which the US and China agree to share leadership. It traces the evolution of actual leadership initiatives of the two countries in recent years. It compares US and Chinese attitudes on key systemic issues and concludes with an appraisal of “an international economic order with Chinese characteristics,” a world in which the state plays a greater role relative to market economics, the rule of law defers increasingly to voluntary arrangements, and politics tilt toward central government control more than democracy.
China–US Trade Disputes in 2018: An Overview
Authors: Lu Feng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe paper provides an overview of changes in the US policy stance toward China that have resulted in the currently unstable economic and trade relationship between the two countries. It reviews the trade and economic relationship between China and the US during the first year of the Trump Administration, summarizes the systematic changes in trade and external economic policies adopted by the Trump Administration in general, and particularly toward China, and observes the implementation of a hawkish trade policy that ignited dispute between the US and China. The main factors shaping the current situation are examined, including structural difficulties in the US economy, the characteristics of the Chinese institutional setting and policies that have become increasingly unacceptable to the US, the specific personal beliefs and positions of President Trump and his main aides in the economic and trade team, and short‐term factors in the US internal political arena.
Playing to Win: Male–Male Sex‐Based Harassment and the Masculinity Contest
Authors: Alonso Natalya 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWorkplaces characterized by masculinity contests equate masculinity with status, making it especially critical to prove masculinity and defend against threats to this identity. Past scholarship has explained male–female sex‐based harassment (MF‐SBH) as a strategy for defending threatened masculinity and the gender hierarchy more broadly. The current research examines whether male–male SBH (MM‐SBH) is also triggered by a desire to reassert a threatened sense of masculinity. Specifically, I explore the effects of two forms of masculinity threat on men's propensity to harass another man: prototypicality threat (suggesting one is gender atypical) and distinctiveness threat (suggesting the sexes are more similar than they are different). An online experiment and a lab study indicated that prototypicality threat, but not distinctiveness threat, leads to greater MM‐SBH. I suggest that masculinity contest workplaces, which especially highly prize masculinity, likely exacerbate this effect.
Toxic Leadership and the Masculinity Contest Culture: How “Win or Die” Cultures Breed Abusive Leadership
Authors: Matos Kenneth , O'Neill Olivia (Mandy) , Lei Xue 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRecent years have witnessed an increase in scholarly and practitioner interest in the effects of toxic forms of leadership and “win or die” organizational cultures in which employees seek to maintain their own status at all costs, yet there is little research examining the interaction of this type of leadership style and organizational culture. In this survey study of working adults, we demonstrate an association between perceptions of toxic leadership and “masculinity contest cultures” (Berdahl, Cooper, Glick, Livingston, & Williams, 2018).norms, rituals, and belief systems valorizing social dominance, work above other parts of life, physical strength, and the avoidance of weakness. Independently, masculinity contest cultures were associated with higher stress, work/life conflict, intention to job search, work engagement and job meaning, while toxic leadership was associated with lower work engagement and job meaning and higher intention to job search. However, results show a slight increase in work engagement and meaningfulness among men (but not women) who viewed their workplace as a masculinity contest and who reported having a toxic leader. These surprising results provide important insights into how toxic cultures retain employees despite their largely detrimental effects on job attitudes and well‐being.
Masculinity in Male‐Dominated Occupations: How Teams, Time, and Tasks Shape Masculinity Contests
Authors: Reid Erin M. , O'Neill Olivia Amanda , Blair‐Loy Mary 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe conduct a comparative case analysis of men in three male‐dominated occupations—firefighting, consulting, and business executives—to examine enactments of “masculinity contests,” which include aggressive, competitive struggles for dominance and expectations to prioritize work ahead of other life commitments. We find that these contests are neither inevitable nor experienced uniformly in male‐dominated occupations. Rather, our analysis shows that such contests are shaped and curtailed by three occupational features: the structure and organization of teams within the occupation, the temporal structure of work in the occupation, and the tasks that are core to the occupation's work. Our analysis advances current perspectives on masculinity and work by offering insight into how occupational features interact with social class to shape expectations of appropriate masculine behavior. We find some instances in which teams, time, and tasks operate distinctively by social class and other instances in which these features act similarly, across social class lines, to reduce or exacerbate the salience of masculinity contests.