bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denitrification performance of rare earth tailings-based catalysts
Authors: Wang Zhenfeng , Huang Yanan , Luo Huijuan , Gong Zhijun , Zhang Kai , Li Na , Wu Wenfei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rare earth tailings from the Bayan Obo mine are rich in rare earth, iron, and other catalytically active substances. In this study, Na2CO3 and Ca(OH)2 were mixed with rare earth tailings, roasted, and the tailings modified by HCl-citric acid leaching and pickling to prepare high-performance rare earth tailings-based denitrification catalysts. Denitrification performance tests show that, in the temperature range 700°C~900°C, the alkali and acid co-processed modified tailings sample gave the best catalytic denitrification performance. XRD, SEM, and H2-TPR analyses show that, compared with raw ore samples, Fe activity sites increased after alkali and acid co-treatment. Cracks and holes appeared on the surface of the sample, and the reduction temperature range was broadened. XPS analysis showed that Fe coexisted in the forms Fe2+ and Fe3+, and Ce in the forms Ce3+ and Ce4+. At a rare earth tailings microwave roasting temperature of 500°C, NO concentration of 500 ppm, CO/NO ratio 4:1, and reaction temperature of 900°C, the denitrification efficiency of the catalyst was optimal, at up to 96.2%. In this study, a relatively green and pollution-free method was used to prepare catalysts, which can provide reference for solving the problem of rare earth tailings accumulation.
Facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Averrhoa bilimbi L and Plum extracts and investigation on the synergistic bioactivity using in vitro models
Authors: Sagadevan Suresh , Vennila Selvaraj , Singh Preeti , Lett Jayasingh Anita , Johan Mohd Rafie , Marlinda Ab Rahman , Muthiah Bavanilatha , Lakshmipathy Muthukrishnan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe bacterial communities (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) form the biofilms which oppose the mode of action of antibiotics and affecting the immune system of the human. These chronic infections related to biofilm are always hard to be cured because of their inherent resistance to both antimicrobial agents and host defense. The present study is devoted to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts ofAverrhoa bilimbileaf and Plum fruit (Prunus bokharensis) and its inhibitory effect onStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andSalmonella typhi. Here, AgNPs) were successfully prepared by green synthesis method obtained by the reduction of silver nitrate into silver ions. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDAX and DLS analysis. The antimicrobial effects of the two extract were evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The green synthesized AgNPs exhibited good antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. They were also analyzed for their significant antibacterial activities against all the test cultures exposed whereasEscherichia coliandSalmonella typhitopped among other test cultures. The anti-proliferative activity of phytochemical mediated synthesis of Ag NPs was investigated for their cytotoxicity in Vero and Human epidermoid larynx carcinoma cell lines (HEp-2) based on their viability using MTT assay. The present study also represents the synergistic bioactivity of silver nanoparticles using in vitro models.
Green production of AgNPs and their phytostimulatory impact
Authors: Wagi Shabana , Ahmed Ambreen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Nanoparticles are smaller than nuclei having large surface area and more reactivity. Green production of metals and metal oxide nanoparticles is a benign and sustainable approach. Present work deals with the green production and optimization of nanoparticles by using indigenous plant growth promoting bacteria. Four different methods were used for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis, i.e. extracellular, intracellular, oven assisted and extended incubation period. With extended incubation period AgNPs production improved. The nanoparticles synthesized were then applied to Triticum aestivum L. and their phytostimulatory impact was evaluated. The results revealed the growth promotional ability of nanoparticles. It is concluded that nanoparticles stimulate growth of Triticum aestivum L. with significant improvement in shoot length, root length, number of leaves and fresh weight. Thus in the present work we report environmentally benign nanoparticles exhibiting phytostimulatory potential. Biosynthesis of AgNPs by bacteria is a safe easy, less time consuming and economical approach which can be utilized as an alternative method to conventional chemical and physical approaches. Biosynthesized AgNPs can be effectively utilized as environment friendly nanofertilizers for plant growth promotion.
Coupling of import and assembly pathways in mitochondrial protein biogenesis
Authors: Grevel Alexander , Pfanner Nikolaus , Becker Thomas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Biogenesis and function of mitochondria depend on the import of about 1000 precursor proteins that are produced on cytosolic ribosomes. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) forms the entry gate for most proteins. After passage through the TOM channel, dedicated preprotein translocases sort the precursor proteins into the mitochondrial subcompartments. Many proteins have to be assembled into oligomeric membrane-integrated complexes in order to perform their functions. In this review, we discuss a dual role of mitochondrial preprotein translocases in protein translocation and oligomeric assembly, focusing on the biogenesis of the TOM complex and the respiratory chain. The sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) of the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a dynamic platform for coupling transport and assembly of TOM subunits. The biogenesis of the cytochrome c oxidase of the inner membrane involves a molecular circuit to adjust translation of mitochondrial-encoded core subunits to the availability of nuclear-encoded partner proteins. Thus, mitochondrial protein translocases not only import precursor proteins but can also support their assembly into functional complexes.
CFD Study on the Flow Field and Power Characteristics in a Rushton Turbine Stirred Tank in Laminar Regime
Authors: Liangchao Li , Ning Chen , Kefeng Xiang , Beiping Xiang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed to study the hydrodynamics characteristics in a Rushton turbine stirred tank in laminar regime. The effects of operating condition, working medium and geometrical parameter on the flow field and power number characteristics were investigated. It is found that the two-loop flow pattern is formed in laminar regime when the impeller is not very close to tank bottom, while its shape and size vary with Reynolds number and impeller diameter. For a given geometrical configuration, the flow pattern, power number and dimensionless velocity profile are mainly depended on Reynolds number, and do not change with working medium and scale-up for a constant Reynolds number. When impeller off-bottom clearance is too low and Reynolds number is relatively high, the fluid flow would transit from two-loop flow pattern to sing-loop flow pattern as that occurs in turbulent regime. Power number falls for larger impeller in laminar regime. Surprisingly, in laminar regime, power number in the baffled tank with small impeller is almost identical to that in the unbaffled tank.
Pullulan – Biopolymer with Potential for Use as Food Packaging
Authors: Kraśniewska Karolina , Pobiega Katarzyna , Gniewosz Małgorzata 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The materials used in food packaging based on non-biodegradable synthetic polymers pose a serious threat of pollution to the environment. Hence, research is now focused on developing eco-friendly and biodegradable packaging obtained from natural polymers. Pullulan is a microbial exopolysaccharide, obtained on a commercial scale by the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. It is a water-soluble, non-toxic and non-mutagenic edible biopolymer with excellent film-forming abilities and adhesive properties. Furthermore, pullulan presents great potential to fabricate thin, transparent, odorless and tasteless edible films and coating used as packaging material. This review article presents an overview on the basic mechanical and barrier properties of a pullulan-based film. It also describes the modification methods applied in order to obtain multifunctional materials in terms of satisfactory physico-mechanical performance and antimicrobial activity for food packaging.
Effects of Vacuum Ohmic Evaporation on Some Quality Properties of Sour Cherry Juice Concentrates
Authors: Sabancı Serdal , Icier Filiz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Sour cherry juice (SJ) having total soluble solid (TSS) content of 19.2 % was concentrated to 65 % TSS by applying vacuum ohmic evaporation (VOE) and vacuum evaporation (VE) methods under constant absolute pressure (25 kPa). Total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) of sour cherry concentrate (65 % TSS) was found in the range of 1561.67–1777.38 mg/L whereas total phenolic content (TPC) varied in the range of 9,071.22–78,347.53 mg/L concentrate. TPC and TMAC values of juice concentrates were affected less from VOE process compared to VE (p < 0.05) while there was no significant difference between the total antioxidant activities of SJ concentrates obtained by both methods (p > 0.05). TMAC and TPC values increased as the voltage gradient applied increased (p < 0.05). VOE process preserved the color properties of juice concentrates better compared to the VE process. It was concluded that VOE method could be an alternative fast evaporation method to obtain high-quality fruit juice concentrates.
Significance of Temperature and Humidity Control for Agricultural Products Storage: Overview of Conventional and Advanced Options
Authors: Mahmood Muhammad Hamid , Sultan Muhammad , Miyazaki Takahiko 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The agricultural products are perishable in nature and possesses short shelf/storage life under ambient conditions. The temperature and humidity control systems are required to enhance to storage life of the products with optimum quality, quantity and nutritive attributes. In this regard, the significance of air-conditioning in storage application is highlighted along with the conventional storage options. The implications of compressor-based refrigeration and air-conditioning systems regarding low-cost and energy efficient air-conditioning systems are discussed in detailed. It is concluded that thermally driven air-conditioning systems can be used on top priority for the short-term storage of fresh agricultural products. Moreover, the long-term storage of products at freezing temperature can be made through hybrid systems instead of standalone conventional compressor based vapor compression refrigeration and/or air-conditioning systems. Finally, the air-conditioning systems are proposed for the optimum storage of different categorize of the food products.
Effect of Thermophysical Property Variation on Entropy Generation towards Micro-Scale
Authors: Chauhan Prathvi Raj , Kumar Krishan , Kumar Rajan , Rahimi-Gorji Mohammad , Bharj Rabinder Singh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, the effect of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity (k(T)) and viscosity (\mu (T)) variation on entropy generation in circular channels with an approach from macro- to micro-scale is numerically investigated. Thermally as well as hydrodynamically fully developed flow of water through the fixed length channels with constant total heat flow rate and total mass flow rate is considered. The effects of k(T) variation and \mu (T) variation on entropy generation are analyzed individually as well as collectively. It is observed that in the case of Constant Property Solutions (CPS) {S_{\mathit{gen},\mathit{tot}}} is maximum at the macro-level; however, in the case of combined k(T) and \mu (T) variations it is maximum at the micro-level. The Bejan number (\mathit{Be}) and irreversibility distribution ratio (φ) are also calculated for asserting the dominance of frictional irreversibility and conduction heat transfer irreversibility. Additionally, the optimum diameter ({D^{\ast }}) corresponding to the optimum number of channels is calculated at minimum total entropy generation. It is observed that {D^{\ast }} is minimum for k(T) variation followed by CPS, \mu (T) variation, and combined k(T) and \mu (T) variations.
Recommended changes of the current version of the German Rili-BAEK
Authors: Beier Christian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA number of improvement proposals and corrections of the German Rili-BAEK (Guideline of the German Medical Association on Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratory Examinations) are discussed with special focus on the internal and external quality assurance (IQA/EQA) as well as reference intervals for quantitative results. Particular attention is paid to reconsider the retrospective analysis of control measurements. Such an analysis can be very useful to monitor establishing errors of measurement even before they become critical. The present method “Quadratischer Mittelwert der Messabweichung (QMMA)” has proved to be ineffective. Furthermore, the current idea of a common limit for single control measures and the retrospective statistics must be revised. As a more sophisticated concept, the novel Adaptive Retrospective Monitoring (ARM) has been developed. ARM is recommended as the new minimum requirement for the entire internal quality assurance. Further proposals to enhance clarity are given concerning the release decisions of medical devices and the EQA. Individualized medicine begins with a patient-specific interpretation of analytic results. This requires standardized subgroup-specific reference intervals with smooth age-related adaptations. Only large laboratories are able to ensure the desired specificity and a sufficient statistical significance of self-developed in-laboratory reference intervals. Hence, the need of a central database for harmonized reference intervals is discussed and recommended. Suitable and consistent reference intervals are also an essential prerequisite for unitless laboratory values like the zlog value.
De la consecución a la contraexpectación: la construccionalización delograr/conseguir+ infinitivo
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte , Garachana Mar 
Published: September 2019

ResumenEste artículo describe el desarrollo histórico de las construccioneslograr/conseguir+inf(p. ej.,Pedro ha logrado ganar el premio). Basándonos en el análisis de casi 3000 ocurrencias fechadas entre 1700 y 2005, mostramos quelograr/conseguir+infhan experimentado un proceso de construccionalización, por el cual, desde significados de consecución o logro, adquirieron lecturas modales de capacidad (‘ser capaz de hacer X’) y contraexpectación (‘es difícil que suceda X’). Utilizando la herramienta de la regresión logística, comprobamos que el aspecto y la polaridad oracional fueron de importancia crucial para este proceso debido a la estructura presuposicional del concepto de ‘consecución’. El análisis, además, arroja luz sobre la cuestión de la alternancia entre los auxiliares cuasi sinónimoslograryconseguir, demostrando (a) que la construccionalización se implementó más paraconseguir+infque paralograr+infy (b) que la alternancia está en parte gobernada por la variación diatópica y diafásica. Finalmente, discutimos la relación entre la construccionalización y el concepto de perífrasis que se maneja en la gramática hispánica tradicional y proponemos que la construccionalización es un mejor indicador del estatus categorial de las construcciones verbales.
Language ideologies, family language policy, and a changing societal context in Kansas
Authors: Showstack Rachel , Colcher Drew 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the language ideologies among parents of Mexican family origin from Garden City, Kansas, and considers the ways in which Latinxs from different sociolinguistic generations have responded to an evolving societal context when making decisions about language use within the family. The analysis is based on 24 video-recorded interviews with parents of Mexican family background who reside in Garden City, a rural town in western Kansas where the majority of the population is of Hispanic origin. Drawing from the linguistic anthropological notion of ‘language ideologies’ and the framework of family langauge policy, the study examines (a) the ideologies that the participants express about the value of Spanish and particular varieties of Spanish in Kansas and (b) how they make reference to local language policies and personal beliefs and attitudes when describing their home language policies. The analysis reveals that local language policies and the availability of resources can dramatically influence the ways in which participants’ linguistic policies and practices reflect their ideological positionings. Findings suggest that there is a need to expand resources for emergent bilinguals and multilingual families in the region.
Konzeptionierung einer Totlastanlage zur Darstellung der Kraft auf Basis der Messunsicherheitsbetrachtung
Authors: Buchner Christian , Manlik Manuela 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Jedes Nationale Metrologieinstitut ist verpflichtet, für die gesetzlichen Maßeinheiten (entsprechend der SI-Einheiten) den nationalen Etalon der Messnormale bereit zu halten, dessen internationale Vergleichbarkeit und Anerkennung sicherzustellen und die Maßeinheiten durch Kalibrierungen von Bezugs- und Arbeitsnormalen für Wirtschaft und Industrie weiterzugeben. Basierend auf den Vorgaben und Rahmenbedingungen des Bundesamtes für Eich- und Vermessungswesen (BEV) wurde für die Realisierung der Maßeinheit Newton eine Anlage entwickelt und umgesetzt, die die Einheit der Kraft direkt aus der Masse ableitet und realisiert. In Kooperation mit dem Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Hochleistungslasertechnik (IFT) der Technischen Universität Wien wurde eine Totlastanlage im Bereich weniger N bis MN als primäre Kraftnormalanlage als nationales Normal der Kraft geschaffen. Im Rahmen einer Dissertation [1] wurde dabei Schritt für Schritt die Analyse der Vorgaben und mittels grundlegender Betrachtung der zu erwarteten Messunsicherheit die Erstellung eines detaillierten Anforderungskataloges beschrieben. Basierend auf einer detaillierten Messunsicherheitsbetrachtung des Verfahren selbst wurde ein Konzept einer Anlage abgeleitet, das geeignet ist, eine derartige Konstruktion zu schaffen, die alle anlagenspezifischen Messunsicherheitsanteile minimiert. Dabei wurden systematisch alle Beiträge zur Messunsicherheit betrachtet und daraus die Grenze des technisch Möglichen ausgelotet. Als übergeordnetes Ziel wurde dabei angestrebt, die Kraft rein linear in Messachse darzustellen, und jegliche Störeinflüsse wie z. B. Querkräfte, Einflüsse von Umgebungsbedingungen oder dergleichen zu minimieren. Zur Erreichung des Zieles der Umsetzung einer derartigen Kraftnormalanlage wurde zum Teil auf Methoden zurückgegriffen bzw. wurden Lösungen ausgearbeitet, die, verglichen mit bestehenden Realisierungsmöglichkeiten der Kraft, Modifikationen enthalten und Weiterentwicklungen darstellen. Bereits in [1] und [2] konnte detailliert gezeigt werden, wie abweichend von herkömmlichen und gleichwertigen Anlagen auftretende Störgrößen kompensiert oder in ihrer Messunsicherheit reduziert werden konnten, so dass man auf die Berücksichtigung dieser Störgrößen, wie sie durch internationale Kalibrierrichtlinien geregelt sind, bei der Auswertung und der dazugehörenden Messunsicherheitsbetrachtung verzichten kann. Durch Zusammenführung und Interpretation der Messergebnisse wurde bei internationalen Vergleichsmessungen [3] die Prozessfähigkeit und Eignung der neuen Anlage belegt und ihre Einsatzfähigkeit nachgewiesen. Mit der Darlegung dieser Nachweisführung wurde die Grundlage für die im Rahmen des CIPM-MRA-Abkommens [9] internationale Anerkennung der Messergebnisse und der vom BEV ausgestellten Zertifikate erbracht.
Design and Performance Investigation of Drainage Ultra-Thin Wearing Course Based on Diatomite-Supported Epoxy-Modified Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Ren Haisheng , Huang Weirong , Yang Donglai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The high-performance epoxy resin–modified asphalt has been widely applied in the development of steel deck pavement and roads with heavy traffic. However, the poor compatibility between the epoxy resin and matrix asphalt has never been solved completely. In this study, epoxy resin was supported on diatomite with a large pore structure, so that epoxy resin was evenly dispersed into asphalt for improving the compatibility. The diatomite-supported epoxy-modified asphalt (DEA) binder was prepared and applied to the drainage ultra-thin wearing course mixture (DUWM). Six different DEA-DUWM were designed with a 2.36-mm sieve size, which was the key sieve size. The general asphalt content was calculated by the asphalt film thickness test. The optimal asphalt content was determined by the Cantabro test and the Schellenberg binder drainage test. The best curing time was determined by the Marshall test. Taking the Japanese epoxy resin–modified asphalt (TAF) as the comparison group, the high-temperature rutting test, low-temperature bending beam test, immersion Marshall test, freeze-thaw splitting test, immersion Cantabro test, water seepage test, surface friction coefficient test, and Manual sand laying test were carried out for DEA-DUWM and TAF-DUWM under the same gradations and test conditions. The results indicate that DEA-DUWM has excellent high-temperature rutting resistance; the maximum low-temperature bending strain is nearly 25 % less than that of TAF-DUWM, but the low-temperature cracking resistance can still meet the specification requirements of China. The addition of diatomite and the air void of the mixture have an effect on the low-temperature anticracking performance of DUWM, and DEA-DUWM has a remarkable high-temperature and low-temperature moisture resistance, drainage, and skid resistance. The air void of the mixture has a great influence on the freeze-thaw resistance of DUWM. The asphalt type has a marginal effect on the drainage and antiskid properties. It is suggested that the DUWM design’s target air void content should not be less than 17 %, and it can be improved properly in an area with heavy rainfall.