bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM FOOD POISONING1,2
Authors: Foster E. M. , Deffner Janet S. , Bott Thomas L. , McCoy Elizabeth 
Published: November 2018

Summary
The outbreaks of botulism in the United States during 1963 stimulated renewed interest in this food-borne disease, primarily because commercially prepared foods were involved. Three of the outbreaks were caused by Clostridium botulinum type E in fishery products. Two of these resulted from the consumption of smoked fish from the Great Lakes.
A survey has been started to see if C. botulinum type E is common on fish from the Great Lakes. Toxin neutralization tests have shown the organism to be present in cultures from nine of ten locations sampled in Lake Michigan. The organism was found more frequently in the intestinal tract than on gills, livers or the external surfaces of the fish. Over 75% of the cultures prepared from the intestines of fish caught in one large bay of Lake Michigan proved to contain type E toxin. The incidence of the organism in fish from the main body of the lake has been much lower than this.
VARIATIONS IN BACTERIAL COUNT IN COMMERCIAL CORN FREEZING1
Authors: Wolford Everett R. , King A. Douglas , Michener H. David 
Published: November 2018

Summary
High bacterial counts arose from washers, from conveyor belts which were inadequately cleaned or disinfected, from the distributor at the entrance to the freezing tunnel, and, generally, from points where corn accumulated on guides, reels, or other equipment along the processing line. Accumulation of corn even at one point can contaminate the rest of the line and raise the count on the final product to more than a million/g. In plant chlorinated water, continuous rinsing of conveyor belts with chlorinated water, and split blanching with the second blanch as close to the freezer as possible lowered count. Continuous attention to the cleanliness of the line is essential.
BACTERIOLOGICAL COMPARISONS OF HOT PROCESSED AND NORMALLY PROCESSED HAMS1
Authors: Pulliam James D. , Kelley Donald C. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
A preliminary study of the bacteriological comparisons of hot processed and normally processed hams was made in cured unsmoked and cured smoked hams. Higher bacterial counts were found in the hot processed hams. Staphylococci were isolated from both hot processed and normally processed hams. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were isolated from one hot processed ham.
THE FREEZING POINT OF MILK PRODUCED IN FOUR MARKETS IN TENNESSEE
Authors: Demott B. J. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Seasonal differences occur in the freezing point depression (Δ) of milk produced in Tennessee, A larger Δ occurred in the colder months of the year than in the summer and early fall of 1963 and 1964. Weather conditions were of more significance in the fall and spring than in winter and summer. High temperatures and high vapor pressures were associated with smaller Δ's. The Δ between herds was statistically different, but this difference could not be attributed to the breed of cow in the herd. Producers whose milk had a small average Δ had, in many cases, a great deal of variation in their Δ's. The relationship between quantity of milk sold per producer and Δ is, at most, very slight.
A LIMITED STUDY ON THE SANITATION OF FISHING TRAWLER HOLDS
Authors: Levin Robert E. , Sawyer F. Miles , Scheurer Paul G. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
The bacterial load on surfaces of wooden fish pens was uniformly in excess of 108 per square inch prior to cleaning. Conventional hand scrubbing and rinsing with harbor water failed to reduce the count, whereas the application of a hot jet of detergent followed by rinsing with potable water effected over a 100-fold reduction over most of the hold surfaces. The effect of harbor water versus tap water for rinsing was not studied.
THE QUALITY OF RAW MILK FROM SELECTED OHIO MARKETS.
Authors: Ohri S. P. , Slatter W. L. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
An 8-month survey was made on the flavor of raw milk supplies from four major Ohio markets. A total of 317 milk samples obtained from farm bulk tanks and from tank trucks were examined fresh and after storage at 38–40 F for 48 hours. Approximately 40% of the industrial producer's fresh milk supply had highly satisfactory flavor quality and the flavor of 10% of the shipments was completely undesirable. The combining of the producers' milk in the tank pick-up truck resulted in milk for the plants having a flavor that was neither very good nor very bad. The most common flavor defect was “feed” but other flavors frequently encountered were “cowy” and “rancid.” A significant flavor deterioration occurred in the raw milk during its storage for 48 hr at 38–40 F. The principal changes involved the development of such flavors as “rancid,” “unclean” and acid-associated flavors such as “malty.” The rancid flavor was a common defect in the milk after storage during the winter season, and unclean, musty, oily and the acid-associated flavors were frequently found in the milk after storage during the summer season. The results suggest the need for more adequate milk flavor control measures and that milk should be processed as soon as possible after reaching the plant if it is to possess the finest possible flavor.
THE CELLULAR CONTENT OF COWS MILK.
Authors: Schultze W. D. , Smith J. W. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
The comparison of CMT score and direct microscope count on 1,187 quarter milk samples indicates some limitations in the use of the CMT as an indirect estimator of cell content in quarter milk samples. In these data a CMT score of one or less could be interpreted as good evidence that the sample contained less than one million cells per ml. CMT scores of 2.2 or more provide good evidence for cell counts in excess of one million. The intermediate scores range too widely in cell count to be interpretable in these terms.
KEEPING QUALITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS OBTAINED AT RETAIL OUTLETS.
Authors: Langlois B. E. , Randolph H. E. , Crume Nancy M. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
A study was made of the bacteriological and keeping quality of low-fat milk, skimmilk, and chocolate flavored milk obtained at retail outlets. Approximately 62% of the low-fat milk samples, 81% of the skimmilk samples, and 93% of the chocolate flavored milk did not have a satisfactory flavor score (36.0 or higher) after storage at 40 ± 2 F for 14 days. The samples ranged in age from 0 to 15 days at time of purchase, the average age being 4.3 days (low-fat milk), 5.3 days (skimmilk), and 5.9 days (chocolate flavored milk). The average days kept at 40 ± 2 F after purchase was 9.5 days (low-fat milk), 7.4 days (skimmilk), and 5.9 days (chocolate flavored milk). Highly significant correlations were observed between: purchase age and initial flavor; days kept and SPC on purchase day, and days kept and SPC after 7 days' storage. The quality of products of an individual brand tended to be similar; whereas, significant quality differences were observed between brands.
THE APPLICATION OF PLASTIC CONTAINERS FOR PACKING AND PASTEURIZING MEAT OF THE BLUE CRAB (CALLINECTES SAPIDUS)1
Authors: Flynn C. W. , Tatro M. C. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Sixteen-ounce portions of regular grade crab meat were packed and pasteurized in hermetically sealed rigid polypropylene “Indeplas” 307 × 400 containers. Meat from the metal and plastic containers was evaluated periodically for six months. The plastic containers gave overall product protection equal to the metal cans. Some brittleness was experienced with the plastic containers when handled roughly at refrigerated temperatures. Appearance and flavor evaluation of experimental and control samples within each treatment resulted in no significant difference until approaching four months storage. At four months and thereafter, the meat from the plastic containers appeared whiter and imparted a sweeter, more natural flavor than the control samples packed in metal containers. A preference was observed for appearance and flavor of meat processed at 185 F over that processed at 190 F. Above 190 F the meat exhibited a greyish cast and a slightly cooked flavor. Texture evaluation data indicated no significant change throughout the storage testing. Bacteriological examination indicated that the contents in both containers should be processed 110 min at 185 F for adequate pasteurization. The metal containers, due to their increased diameter, exhibited a slightly slower come-up time.
THE CONTROL OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION IN MAPLE SAP STORED IN FIELD STORAGE TANKS BY ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION
Authors: Kissinger J. C. , Willits C. O. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
During the maple sap seasons of 1964 and 1965, sap collected from roadside stands of trees was stored in field holding tanks for as long as eleven days without deterioration, by continually irradiating the stored sap with germicidal ultraviolet lights emitting in the range of 260–300mμ. The bacterial populations of the stored, irradiated sap did not exceed 4.0 × 105 organisms per ml, and sirup made from the sap was light amber in color (fancy grade) with an excellent flavor.
High Frequency of MYD88 L265P Mutation in Primary Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphoma and Its Clinicopathologic Correlation: A Study From a Single Institution
Authors: Behdad Amir , Zhou Xiao Yi , Gao Juehua , Raparia Kirtee , Dittman David , Green Stefan J. , Qi Chao , Betz Bryan , Bryar Paul , Chen Qing , Chen Yi-Hua 
Published: November 2018

Context.—The pathogenesis of primary ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (POAMZL) remains unclear. The reported associations with Chlamydia psittaci infection and MYD88 mutations are highly variable.Objective.—To examine MYD88 L265P mutation in ocular marginal zone lymphomas and correlate with clinicopathologic features and Chlamydia infection.Design.—Presence of MYD88 L265P mutation and Chlamydia infection in lymphoma was analyzed by using sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.Results.—The MYD88 L265P mutation was identified in 8 of 22 POAMZLs (36%), including 2 of 3 cases in which PCR failed to detect clonal IGH gene rearrangement; none of the 4 secondary marginal zone lymphomas were positive. Test results for Chlamydia were negative in all cases. Patients with and without the MYD88 mutation had similar clinicopathologic features.Conclusions.—The MYD88 mutational analysis provides important information in diagnostic workup of POAMZL. The frequent MYD88 mutation suggests a critical role of this aberration in the pathogenesis of POAMZL and may serve as a therapeutic target for patients with progressive disease.
Alternative Non‐AgrobacteriumBased Methods for Plant Transformation
Authors: Rathore Dheeraj S. , Mullins Ewen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPlant breeding continues to play a crucial role in generating crops fit for purpose to tackle the increasing number of a biotic stressors that farmers face. While the majority of engineered varieties have been and continue to be generated through the use ofAgrobacterium tumefaciensviaAgrobacterium‐mediated transformation (AMT), more recently, the potential of non‐Agrobacteriumsystems is coming to the fore, specifically in regard to rhizobia such asEnsifer adhaerens,Ochrobactrum haywardense, Rhizobium etli, and the collective of strains termed Transbacter™. This article reviews the landscapes of non‐Agrobacteriumspecies from the perspective of crop improvement, highlighting the mechanisms they use to manipulate host genomes as the basis for their possible transinfection strategies. Recruiting enhanced versions of these non‐Agrobacteriumstrains empowered with stealthy mechanisms to deliver DNA/proteins into plant cells provides the potential to make a positive contribution to enhancing existing breeding programmes.
Broadband Defects Emission and Enhanced Ligand Raman Scattering in 0D Cs3Bi2I9 Colloidal Nanocrystals
Authors: Paternò Giuseppe M. , Mishra Nimai , Barker Alex J. , Dang Zhiya , Lanzani Guglielmo , Manna Liberato , Petrozza Annamaria 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExcitonic 0D and 2D lead‐halide perovskites have been recently developed and investigated as new materials for light generation. Here broadband (>1 eV) emission from newly synthesized 0D lead‐free colloidal Cs3Bi2I9 nanocrystals (NCs) is reported. The nature of their emissive states as well as the relative dynamics which are currently hotly debated are investigated. In particular, it is found that the broadband emission is made by the coexistence of emissive excitons and sub‐bandgap emissive trap‐states. Remarkably, evidence of enhanced Raman scattering from the ligands is observed when attached to the NCs surface, an effect that is preliminarily attributed to strong exciton‐ligands electronic coupling in these systems.
Exfoliated Layered Manganese Trichalcogenide Phosphite (MnPX3, X = S, Se) as Electrocatalytic van der Waals Materials for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Gusmão Rui , Sofer Zdeněk , Pumera Martin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLayered metal trichalcogen phosphites, also entitled as metal phosphorus chalcogenides (MPX3), have regained abundant interest, not only due to their magnetic properties, but also due to promising performances in energy storage and conversion. Herein, two different layered manganese trichalcogen phosphites, MnPX3 (X = S, Se), are synthetized and submitted to shear force exfoliation. Structural and morphological characterization point to the fact that exfoliated MPX3 (exf‐MnPX3) undergo mainly a downsizing process, alongside with delamination. Layered exf‐MnPSe3 has the lowest onset potential for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both media. In acidic media, a comparative improvement of 350 mV is observed for exf‐MnPSe3 relative to the bulk MnPSe3. The materials stability as electrocatalysts is also tested for HER in a wide pH range, in which exf‐MnPSe3 has a good stability after 100 cycles. The improved performance of exf‐MnPSe3 can be correlated with the lower relative abundance of Mn and P oxides detected in the Mn 2p and P 2p core levels. Such materials show a great promise for future in a hydrogen‐based economy.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator Boosts Smart Green Tires
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Cao Xia , Zou Jingdian , Ma Yong , Wu Xiaohui , Sun Chongzhi , Li Mei , Wang Ning , Wang Zhonglin , Zhang Liqun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTires are important parts in creating a great transportation system because they can significantly improve the overall system safety and fuel/power efficiency. The latter is especially important for the mileage of electric vehicles due to the limited electrical storage capacity. Here, green energy tires are designed by incorporating silica tread rubber with triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). On the one hand, the silica‐based tread compound sharply cuts off the rolling resistance, improves fuel efficiency and reduces CO2 emissions, and provides all‐around traction without compromising braking. On the other hand, TENG converts frictional energy into electricity without changing the process of traditional tire production, which is able to be used for powering the electronics for automobile safety and automeasuring of tire pressure. The most important point lies in that TENG helps harness static electricity, which at present hinders the large‐scale application of silica‐filled green tires. Interestingly, it is also able to measure tire pressure and road condition from the changes in the output electrical signals, which thus leads to the smart applications of green energy tire in road/tire condition monitoring.
Rollable, Stretchable, and Reconfigurable Graphene Hygroelectric Generators
Authors: Yang Ce , Huang Yaxin , Cheng Huhu , Jiang Lan , Qu Liangti 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMoisture‐triggered electricity generation has attracted much attention because of the effective utilization of the water‐molecule diffusion process widely existing in atmosphere. However, the monotonous and rigid structures of previously developed generators have heavily restricted their applications in complex and highly deformable working conditions. Herein, by a rational configuration design with a versatile laser processing strategy, graphene‐based hygroelectric generators (GHEGs) of sophisticated architectures with diversified functions such as rollable, stretchable, and even multidimensional transformation are achieved for the first time. More importantly, a wide range of 3D deformable generators that can automatically assemble and transform from planar geometries into spacial architectures are also successfully fabricated, including cubic boxes, pyramids, Miura‐ori, and footballs. These GHEGs demonstrate excellent electricity‐generation performance in curling and elongating states. The generated voltages are easily up to 1.5 V under humidity variation in atmosphere, powering a variety of commercial electronic components. These deformable GHEGs can be applied on complicated surfaces, human bodies, and many more beyond those demonstrated in this work.
Synthesis of Heteroaryl Triazenes via Rh(III)‐catalyzed Annulation Reactions with Alkynyl Triazenes
Authors: Wezeman Tim , Scopelliti Rosario , Tirani Farzaneh Fadaei , Severin Kay 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA synthetic route towards polycyclic heteroaryl triazenes has been developed. Alkynyl triazenes were coupled to phenyl‐substituted indoles, imidazoles and sydnones via rhodium‐catalyzed double C−H or C−H/N−H activation reactions. The oxidative annulations gave triazenes connected to imidazo[1,2‐a]quinoline, indolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline and sydnone‐quinoline scaffolds in moderate to excellent yields. The triazene‐bearing fused sydnone‐quinolines were used for subsequent orthogonal transformations. The sydnone moiety allowed for post‐functionalization via 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions in excellent yields, and the triazene group can be substituted by a range of functional groups.magnified image
A Simple Transformation of 1‐(Isoxazol‐3‐yl)ureas to 5‐(2‐oxoalkyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones through Base‐Promoted Boulton‐Katritzky Rearrangement
Authors: Liu Jisheng , Chen Chen , Kotagiri Rajendraprasad , Yang Wenqiang , Cai Qian 
Published: November 2018

Abstract2,4‐Dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones are a class of biologically important heterocycles. A novel and simple synthesis of such structures is developed. The method is through a base‐promoted Boulton‐Katritzky‐type rearrangement of 1‐(isoxazol‐3‐yl)ureas and is highly efficient for the formation of 2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones.magnified image
Circular RNA circNOL10 Inhibits Lung Cancer Development by Promoting SCLM1‐Mediated Transcriptional Regulation of the Humanin Polypeptide Family
Authors: Nan Aruo , Chen Lijian , Zhang Nan , Jia Yangyang , Li Xin , Zhou Hanyu , Ling Yihui , Wang Zhishan , Yang Chengfeng , Liu Sijin , Jiang Yiguo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractcircNOL10 is a circular RNA expressed at low levels in lung cancer, though its functions in lung cancer remain unknown. Here, the function and molecular mechanism of circNOL10 in lung cancer development are investigated using in vitro and in vivo studies, and it is shown that circNOL10 significantly inhibits the development of lung cancer and that circNOL10 expression is co‐regulated by methylation of its parental gene Pre‐NOL10 and by splicing factor epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1). circNOL10 promotes the expression of transcription factor sex comb on midleg‐like 1 (SCML1) by inhibiting transcription factor ubiquitination and thus also affects regulation of the humanin (HN) polypeptide family by SCML1. circNOL10 also affects mitochondrial function through regulating the humanin polypeptide family and affecting multiple signaling pathways, ultimately inhibiting cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and promoting the apoptosis of lung cancer cells, thereby inhibiting lung cancer development. This study investigates the functions and molecular mechanisms of circNOL10 in the development of lung cancer and reveals its involvement in the transcriptional regulation of the HN polypeptide family by SCML1. The results also demonstrate the inhibitory effect of HN on lung cancer cells growth. These findings may identify novel targets for the molecular therapy of lung cancer.
Investigation of the Eightwise Switching Mechanism and Its Suppression in SrTiO3 Modulated by Humidity and Interchanged Top and Bottom Platinum and LaNiO3 Electrode Contacts
Authors: Sediva Eva , Bowman William J. , Gonzalez‐Rosillo Juan Carlos , Rupp Jennifer L. M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMemristive devices are hardware components for applications in neuromorphic computing, memories, and logic computation. This work contributes to the ongoing debate on the switching mechanism of eightwise polarity in SrTiO3‐based resistive switches. Specifically the effect of atmospheric humidity on the materials defect chemistry and switching properties is considered. Asymmetric devices are designed by exchanging the top and bottom positions of Pt and LaNiO3 electrodes allowing for a separate analysis of the top and the bottom metal‐oxide interfaces. Under dry atmospheres the switching hysteresis is enhanced with a top Pt contact and suppressed with a bottom Pt contact. It is argued that the buried position and dense microstructure of the bottom platinum impedes an oxygen vacancy driven switching mechanism. Under humid atmospheres eightwise switching occurs in both devices suggesting the presence of two switching mechanisms within the same eightwise switching polarity, namely, oxygen vacancy and hydroxide ion enabled switching. The findings help develop strategies to suppress eightwise switching by burying the active metal‐oxide interface and ensuring dense electrode microstructures. Suppression of switching mechanisms relying on exchange with the environment is desirable for technological implementation of resistive switches and for strategies in stacking of memristive devices for memory and for neuromorphic hardware.
Design of Thermochromic Luminescent Dyes Based on the Bis(ortho‐carborane)‐Substituted Benzobithiophene Structure
Authors: Nishino Kenta , Morisaki Yasuhiro , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo obtain solid‐state emissive materials having stimuli‐responsive luminescent chromic properties without phase transition, benzobithiophenes modified with two o‐carborane units having various substituents in the adjacent phenyl ring in o‐carborane were designed and synthesized. Their emission colors were strongly affected not only by the substituents at the para‐position of the phenyl ring but also by molecular distribution in the solid state. In particular, the emission colors were changed by heating without crystal phase transition. It was proposed that their thermochromic properties were correlated not with isomerization but with the molecular motion at the distorted benzobithiophene moiety.