bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake and effectiveness of influenza vaccine in those aged 65 years and older in the United Kingdom, influenza seasons 2010/11 to 2016/17
Authors: Pebody Richard G , Warburton Fiona , Andrews Nick , Sinnathamby Mary , Yonova Ivelina , Reynolds Arlene , Robertson Chris , Cottrell Simon , Sartaj Muhammad , Gunson Rory , Donati Matthew , Moore Catherine , Ellis Joanna , de Lusignan Simon , McMenamin Jim , Zambon Maria 
Published: September 2018

Background
In 2016/17, seasonal influenza vaccine was less effective in those aged 65 years and older in the United Kingdom. We describe the uptake, influenza-associated mortality and adjusted vaccine effectiveness (aVE) in this age group over influenza seasons 2010/11–2016/17. Methods: Vaccine uptake in 2016/17 and five previous seasons were measured using a sentinel general practitioners cohort in England; the test-negative case-control design was used to estimate pooled aVE by subtype and age group against laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care from 2010–2017. Results: Vaccine uptake was 64% in 65–69-year-olds, 74% in 70–74-year-olds and 80% in those aged 75 and older. Overall aVE was 32.5% (95% CI: 11.6 to 48.5); aVE by sub-type was 60.8% (95% CI: 33.9 to 76.7) and 50.0% (95% CI: 21.6 to 68.1) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B, respectively, but only 5.6% (95% CI: - 39.2 to 35.9) against A(H3N2). Against all laboratory-confirmed influenza aVE was 45.2% (95% CI: 25.1 to 60.0) in 65–74 year olds; - 26.2% (95% CI: - 149.3 to 36.0) in 75–84 year olds and - 3.2% (95% CI: - 237.8 to 68.5) in those aged 85 years and older. Influenza-attributable mortality was highest in seasons dominated by A(H3N2). Conclusions: Vaccine uptake with non-adjuvanted, normal-dose vaccines remained high, with evidence of effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, though poor against A(H3N2), particularly in those aged 75 years and older. Forthcoming availability of newly licensed vaccines with wider use of antivirals can potentially further improve prevention and control of influenza in this group.
Performance and carcass of local rabbit (Lepus nigricollis) fed concentrate on different levels based on carrot leaf waste (Daucus carota L.)
Authors: Nuriyasa I Made , Puspani E. , Yupardhi W. Sayang 
Published: September 2018

Research about the performance of local rabbit fed different level of concentrate based on Daucus carota L.was conducted for 12 weeks at Dajan Peken Village, Tabanan District, Tabanan Regency. The research design used was Randomized Block Design with 5 replicates. The animals were allocated randomly into 4 treatments i.e. control ration carrot leaf (Daucus carota L.) (R0), control ration with 10 g concentrate/head/day (R1), control ration with 20 g concentrate/head/day (R2) and control ration with 30 g concentrate/head/day (R3). Daucus carota L. and drinking water offered ad libitum. Results of the research showed that performance of the animals fed control ration with 30 g concentrate/head/day (R3) was higher (P < 0.05) than that R0 (control) and other treatments. Carcass weight, meat, and fat of the animals fed ration R0 was lower (P < 0.05) compare to treatment R1, R2, and R3. There was no significant difference (P >0.05) to variables of carcass weight, bone weight, and meat bone ratio among R0, R1, R2, and R3 percentages. It could be concluded that the animals fed Daucus carota L. as basic ration that was supplemented with concentrate 30 g/head/day produced higher performance and carcass compare to the animals supplemented 20 g/head/day and 10 g/head/day.
Role of SMEs in Lebanese Economy
Authors: Farran Imad , Fawaz Mohammad 
Published: September 2018

In Lebanon, the majority of organizations work as Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). SMEs play an important role in the monetary improvement of numerous countries. This paper utilizes current viewpoints to analyze the variables influencing venture, efficiency and development of SMEs in Lebanon. It explores main factors affecting investment and productivity as follows: flexibility,customers and employee’s relations, motivation of the owners, education of the labour force, access to infrastructure, access to finance, size of firms and other business climate variables. Other business climate variables are insecurity, bribe or corruption, the amount of time that businesses spend dealing with government regulation, poor power availability, etc.
The most concerning issue for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) is not the idea or the product provided and neither its customers, but their needs. High costs of operations and office space are basics to the survival of a private venture. Incubators come as a reaction to the necessities of SMEs in key strides of a business, for example, commencement and market entrance. An incubator aims to have a positive effect on the economic health of an area, of a community even on a country.
Dijital Mamografi Cihazı Kalite Kontrol Ölçümleri ve Görüntü Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞANLI Rukiye , GÜNDOĞDU Özcan 
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ülkemizde yaygın bir
şekilde kullanılan dijital mamografi cihazlarına ait kalite kontrol testlerine
yer verilerek ölçümlere ait standart bir protokolün oluşturulması
amaçlanmıştır. Meme kanseri glandular doku içerisinde meydana gelmektedir. Bu
sebeple ortalama glandular doku dozu değerinin ölçülerek standart değerlere
göre takibinin yapılması gerekmektedir. Belirlenen değerlerin EUREF
standardının belirlediği kabul edilebilir limit
değerler içerisinde olup olmadığına bakılarak sistemin doğruluğu test
edilmiştir. Kalite kontrol testlerinin periyodik olarak yapılması, görüntü
kalitesini artıracak ve tekrar çalışmalarını minimuma indirerek hasta
dozlarının azaltılmasını sağlayacaktır.

Yöntem: Ölçümler Fujifilm Amulet Innovality
dijital mamografi sisteminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçümler için farklı meme
dokularını simüle etmek için PMMA Fantom kontrast detay Pro-Mam fantomu ve
Pro-Mam yazılımı, doz ölçümü için Ray SafeXi dedektörü, görüntü kalitesi için
MTF test paterni, görüntünün ortalama piksel ve standart sapma değerleri ölçümü
için Image J yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Farklı kalınlıklardaki PMMA fantomlarının
ortalama glandular doku dozu değişimi (AGD), kontrast-gürültü oranı (CNR),
Figure of merit (FOM) değerleri ve modüler transfer fonksiyonu (MTF), dedektif kuantum etkinliği (DQE) ve gürültü güç
spektrumu (NPS) grafikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. W/Rh filtre ile W/Al
filtrelerin HVL ve CNR değerleri kıyaslanmıştır.

Bulgular: Normal doz modunda 45 mm PMMA
plakasında ortalama glandular doz 0,92 mGy olarak ölçüldü. W/Rh filtre ile CNR
5,1 iken W/Al filtre ile 4,5 olarak hesaplandı. 26 kVp’de 45 mm PMMA plakası
ile FOM değeri W/Rh filtresi ile 42,905 iken W/Al fitresi ile 50,115 olarak
ölçülmüştür.

Sonuç: EUREF standardında 45 mm’de ortalama
glandular doz 2,5 mGy’den küçük olmalıdır, ölçülen değerler sınır değerler
içerisindedir. Artan meme kalınlığıyla meme dozu, hava kerma ve AGD değerleri
artarken CNR ve FOM değerleri ise azalmıştır. W/Rh filtre kullanıldığı zaman X
ışınları daha fazla penetre edildiği için HVL, FOM ve CNR değerleri daha yüksek
çıkmıştır. Böylece W/Rh kombinasyonunda daha düşük dozda daha iyi görüntü
kalitesi elde etmenin mümkün olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Plagiarism: A Threat To The Creative Industry Of Handmade Regional Batik Motifs In Indonesia
Authors: Lodra I Nyoman , Mariasa I Nengah 
Published: September 2018

Developments in the creative industry of handmade batik in Indonesia have helped culvating Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in regions such as Klampar village in Pemekasan, Madura, East Java. Efforts to preserve the sustainability of these SMEs need to be balanced by protecting handmade batik motifs with copyright in order to save this intellectual wealth from plagiarism. This study focuses on: 1) efforts to ensure that plagiarism does not occur and does not threaten the creative industry in Indonesia; 2) benefits from the protection of handmade batik motifs for the creative industry in Indonesia. The research goal is to protect handmade batik motifs from plagiarism and discover the benefits of this protection on the creative industry in Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative research method is used with an empirical juridical approach. The data were obtained from SME administrators and public figures in the Madura community. The data was collected from observation, interviews, and documents, analyzed with a method of triangulation, and compiled systematically. The research findings show that the protection of the database of handmade batik motifs can be implemented through E-Copyright which also supports the sustainability of the creative industry of handmade batik in Indonesia.Perkembangan industri kreatif batik tulis di Indonesia mampu menumbuhkembangkan usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) di daerah seperti halnya di Desa Klampar, Pemekasan, Madura Jawa Timur. Kebangkitan UKM tersebut seharusnya di imbangi dengan perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual atau disebut HKI bidang Hak Cipta sebagai upaya penyelamatan motif batik tulis dari plagiarisme (plagiator) namun hal itu tidak dilakukan. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan dengan fokus: 1) bagaimana upaya agar tidak terjadi plagiarisme dan tidak menjadi aacaman industri kreatif di Indonesia? 2) apa manfaat perlindungan motif batik tulis untuk industri kreatif di Indonesia?. Tujuan penelitian: memproteksi motif batik tulis agar tidak terjadi plagiarisme dan mengetahui manfaat perlindungan untuk industri kreatif di Indonesia. Metode penelitian deskritif kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis imperis. Sumber data diproleh dari pengelola UKM, tokoh masyarakar Madura. Data terkumpul melaluiÂ obsevasi, wawancara, dokumen kemudian di analisis dengan trianggulasi dan disusun secara sistimatis. Temuan penelitian: dapat perlindungan Hak Cipta pada database motif batik tulis dan penyelamatan industri kreatif batik tulis dari plagiarisme di Indonesia.Â
Potenzialanalyse zur Energiekostenoptimierung von Produktionsanlagen
Authors: Brugger Martin , Selleneit Volker , Richter Christoph , Reinhart Gunther 
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung
Produzierende Unternehmen können zukünftig, neben dem Einsparen von Energie, durch die Bereitstellung ihrer zeitlichen Flexibilität des Energieverbrauchs wirtschaftlich von volatilen Strompreisen profitieren. Ferner wird, durch die Bereitstellung von Energieflexibilität, ein Beitrag für ein Voranschreiten der Energiewende geleistet. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, wie produzierende Unternehmen das Energieflexibilitätspotenzial und Energieverschwendungen von Bestandsanlagen identifizieren können. Ein entwickeltes, nachfolgend aufgezeigtes, Einflussdiagramm unterstützt die Auswertung der Energieflexibilitätspotenziale. Im Anschluss wird dargestellt, wie die umgesetzten Energieflexibilitätsmaßnahmen bewertet werden können. An einer Produktionsanlage wird beispielhaft der Einsatz des Einflussdiagramms demonstriert.
Bewertung der Oberflächen-morphologie kryogen gedrehter Werkstücke
Authors: Hotz Hendrik , Kirsch Benjamin , Becker Steven , Müller Ralf , Aurich Jan C. 
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung
In Konstruktion und Fertigung werden noch immer häufig Rauheitskenngrößen wie Ra oder Rz als alleiniges Bewertungskriterium zur Beurteilung der Oberflächenqualität herangezogen. Die spanende Bearbeitung bestimmt jedoch nicht nur die Oberflächentopographie, sondern ebenfalls auch die mechanischen Randzoneneigenschaften, welche das spätere Einsatzverhalten des Bauteils signifikant beeinflussen. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die Möglichkeit einer multikriteriellen Bewertung der Oberflächenmorphologie am Beispiel kryogen gedrehter Werkstücke des metastabilen austenitischen Stahls AISI 347.
Drohneneinsatz in der digitalen Fabrikplanung
Authors: Barth Julius , Michaeli Philipp 
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung
Digitale 3D-Modelle können die Fabrikplanung deutlich vereinfachen. Die digitale Datengrundlage – in Form eines 3D-Modells des Fabrikgeländes – ist jedoch häufig nicht vorhanden und muss erst manuell erfasst und digitalisiert werden. Drohnenunterstützte Luftbilderfassung in Kombination mit kommerziell erhältlicher Photogrammetriesoftware ermöglicht hingegen eine schnelle und detaillierte Ist-Aufnahme des Fabrikgeländes. Die anschließende Visualisierung verschiedener Planungsvarianten in einem realistischen Kontext vereinfacht deren Bewertung.
On the accuracy of estimating fatigue notch factors
Authors: Müller Christian , Wächter Michael , Masendorf Rainer , Esderts Alfons 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The fatigue notch factor is the quotient of the nominal stress endurance limits of unnotched and notched specimens. It represents the notch sensitivity of a material or a component under cyclic loading. For example, the fatigue notch factor is used in analytical strength assessments with nominal stress and is also suitable as a quality criterion for materials and entire components. On the one hand, an analytical approach to rate the reliability of the fatigue notch factor is derived assuming a log-normal distribution for the population of the endurance limits of the unnotched and notched specimens. The analytical approach provides the best achievable result and can be used to rate real experiments. On the other hand, the staircase method, which is often used to determine endurance limits, is simulated using Monte Carlo simulations. From the simulations, information about the reliability of the real test can be gathered, which can be compared to the analytical approach. In conclusion, in this paper the reliability of the fracture of two originally log-normally distributed random variables each used in an own staircase test is examined. The result is compared to an analytical approach. In former articles the scope has only been on single test series, the examination of error propagation, e.g, by using the staircase method and building the fracture of the two results afterwards, is missing in former examinations. The staircase method is a procedure to estimate fatigue notch factors with reliabilities comparable to those of the analytical approach. To increase the number of evaluable tests, runouts should be reused.
Analytical strength assessments of austempered ductile iron components
Authors: Engelke Torben , Esderts Alfons 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is a heat-treated ductile iron with improved tensile strength and toughness. Therefore, ADI is an interesting material for the construction of technical parts. However, for practical use, a strength assessment is necessary. An often-used option for an analytical strength assessment is the FKM-guideline. This guideline includes the strength assessment for steel, cast iron and aluminum materials, but it has not yet been especially investigated for ADI. In this work the use of the guideline for ADI is investigated. On the basis of experimental data, the accuracy of the guideline is examined and the limitations are discussed. Furthermore, the parameters that are used for the calculation in the guideline can be adjusted for the improvement of the accuracy of the strength assessment. In this way in particular, the forecast for shear stresses and the high strength materials can be improved.
Failure analysis of an adhesively joined composite pipe system under internal pressure
Authors: Sülü İsmail Yasin , Temiz Şemsettin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Failure and stress analyses of adhesively joined composite pipe systems of varied orientation angles under internal pressure have been carried out using the 3-D finite element method (FEM) and experimentally. Composite pipes adhesively joined without sleeves were examined. The composite pipes were produced from E-glass fiber and adhesively joined using the adhesive types DP410 and DP490. The numerical model was created using ANSYS software and the efficiency of the model was verified by the experimental results. The finite element analyses (FEA) and experimental tests were carried out to predict the failure internal pressure. The internal failure pressures were obtained from experimental tests and compared with the numerical results. Radial, tangential, axial and shear stress values were obtained via numerical analyses in composite pipes and in the adhesive layers. In addition, the von Mises stress distributions in the adhesive were obtained. The effects of the orientation angles were investigated in the interface region between the pipes and the adhesive. The most effect parameters were determined for the composite pipe system joined at various pipe radii. It was found that the composite pipes could be used under high internal pressure, a fact that is important for industrial applications.
Non-metallic inclusions and fatigue strength of steel 34CrNiMo6
Authors: Goryany Vyacheslav , Myronova Olga , Schubrikoff Erich , Buch Johannes , Stein Frank 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The causes of a composite roll fracture were investigated. The result of an FEM analysis showed that the occurrent stress could not have led to this fracture. Metallographic investigations in the area of the crack start site clearly showed non-metallic inclusions. These affect structural weak points and activate malfunctions. They significantly accelerated the cracking process due to the local notch effect which significantly reduced the performance of the material and thus the service life of the roll shaft.
Effect of residual Alclad on friction stir spot welds of AA2219 alloys
Authors: Ojo Olatunji Oladimeji , Taban Emel , Kaluc Erdinc 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper aims to determine the role of in-nugget/residual Alclad in the friction stir spot welds of 1.6 mm thick Alclad AA2219 aluminum alloy via an assessment of microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture modes of welds. Alclad redistribution/dispersion within the stir zone of the alloy is varied by using different tool profiles (pinless and conical pin tools) and welding parameter combinations. The results reveal that a pinless tool facilitates the retention of Alclad within the weld's effective joint line/width while no substantial residual Alclad is observed in the effective bonded width of a conical pin weld. The increase in tool depth improves the weld strength of a pinless weld. The fracture morphology of a pinless weld is influenced by the in-nugget Alclad content. Interfacial fracture with midpoint defect, interfacial fracture and nugget pull-out are the fracture modes of pinless welds while a conical pin weld fails by circumferential nugget shear failure. A direct correlation exists between nugget rotation and lap shear failure load. Maximum lap shear failure loads of 4.0 kN and 2.1 kN are obtained in pinless and conical pin welds at the optimum welding parameter combinations of 1500 rpm – 0.8 mm – 8 s and 1400 rpm – 0.43 mm – 4 s, respectively.
Prospective and real productivity of black currant new hybrids selected in the Far-Eastern Agrarian University
Authors: Zaritskiy A. V. , Kovaleva V. V. 
Published: September 2018

The yield of black currant is one of the most important economic indicators of the variety. It is determined by many factors; one of them is morphological features of a bush: the number of main branches, length of shoots, the number of tassels (bunches), the number of berries in the bunch and the mass of berries. The article explores differences in the real and prospective productivity of new black currant hybrids in the selection of Far-Eastern State Agrarian University. The researchers investigated two hybrids, identified by the results of many years research in the selection garden. Novosel variety was chosen as a control one as it has higher taste properties of berries and productivity than other zoned variety Amurskiy konservnyy. The research was carried out in accordance with the program and methods of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops, developed in Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Selection in 1999. Prospective productivity of new hybrids of black currant is much higher than that of the control variety Novosel. New varieties of black currant have longer fruit-bearing shoots and greater number of bearing nodes. Otherwise, the real yield does not differ significantly from the control one. The differences in real and prospective productivity are mainly determined by external factors. This indicates the necessity to develop varietal agricultural machinery that reduces crop losses. The article highlights the reasons that result in decrease in the real productivity of black currant. They are high temperatures in the ripening period. One of the studied hybrids (9-26) is promising for horticulture in Amur region, as it has bigger berries than that of zoned varieties.
Automated System for Epileptic Seizures Prediction based on Multi-Channel Recordings of Electrical Brain Activity
Authors: Maksimenko V. A. , Harchenko A. A. , Lüttjohann A. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Now the great interest in studying the brain activity based on detection of oscillatory patterns on the recorded data of electrical neuronal activity (electroencephalograms) is associated with the possibility of developing brain-computer interfaces. Braincomputer interfaces are based on the real-time detection of characteristic patterns on electroencephalograms and their transformation into commands for controlling external devices. One of the important areas of the brain-computer interfaces application is the control of the pathological activity of the brain. This is in demand for epilepsy patients, who do not respond to drug treatment.Purpose: A technique for detecting the characteristic patterns of neural activity preceding the occurrence of epileptic seizures.Results:Using multi-channel electroencephalograms, we consider the dynamics of thalamo-cortical brain network, preceded the occurrence of an epileptic seizure. We have developed technique which allows to predict the occurrence of an epileptic seizure. The technique has been implemented in a brain-computer interface, which has been tested in-vivo on the animal model of absence epilepsy.Practical relevance:The results of our study demonstrate the possibility of epileptic seizures prediction based on multichannel electroencephalograms. The obtained results can be used in the development of neurointerfaces for the prediction and prevention of seizures of various types of epilepsy in humans.
Model and Method for Contributor’s Quality Assessment in Community Image Tagging Systems
Authors: Ponomarev A. V. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Large-scale human-computer systems involving people of various skills and motivation into the information processing process are currently used in a wide spectrum of applications. An acute problem in such systems is assessing the expected quality of each contributor; for example, in order to penalize incompetent or inaccurate ones and to promote diligent ones.Purpose: To develop a method of assessing the expected contributor’s quality in community tagging systems. This method should only use generally unreliable and incomplete information provided by contributors (with ground truth tags unknown).Results:A mathematical model is proposed for community image tagging (including the model of a contributor), along with a method of assessing the expected contributor’s quality. The method is based on comparing tag sets provided by different contributors for the same images, being a modification of pairwise comparison method with preference relation replaced by a special domination characteristic. Expected contributors’ quality is evaluated as a positive eigenvector of a pairwise domination characteristic matrix. Community tagging simulation has confirmed that the proposed method allows you to adequately estimate the expected quality of community tagging system contributors (provided that the contributors' behavior fits the proposed model).Practical relevance: The obtained results can be used in the development of systems based on coordinated efforts of community (primarily, community tagging systems).