bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of coupling coordination degree between urban rail transit and land use
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Wang Jin 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn order to analyze rail transit‐land use system from multiple angles and aspects, this paper proposed a new evaluation index system, which can assess the extent of coordination between urban rail transit and land use. First, the index system which reflected the developmental level of urban rail transit and land use system was structured by system theory. Then, according to efficacy function, the comprehensive development level of rail transit system and land use system was calculated, thus constructing the coupling coordination degree model. And quantitative analyses of the coordination of rail transit‐land use system in Shanghai city were conducted through comprehensive development index and coupling coordination degree proceeding from time series. It was found that the integrated developmental level of urban rail transit system and land use system in Shanghai city rose steadily, and the coupling interaction effect of two systems was obvious. Meanwhile, the sequential change presents different phases and undulations. In 2000 to 2004, the synergistic effect of rail transit system and land use system was weak as the disorder stage. In 2005 to 2006, the synergistic effect began to appear. In 2007 to 2010, the interactive effect increased as the coordination stage, but the overall coupling coordination grade was still low. The conclusion indicated that it is also necessary to reasonably increase the level of rail transit construction and land use development to promote the harmonious development of Shanghai rail transit and land use system from primary coordination to good quality.
The Ha‐ROXL gene is required for initiation of axillary and floral meristems in sunflower
Authors: Basile Alice , Fambrini Marco , Tani Camilla , Shukla Vinay , Licausi Francesco , Pugliesi Claudio 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAxillary meristems (AMs) contribute to the growth of a plant, determining adult architecture and reproductive success in response to environmental stimuli. The missing flowers (mf) mutant of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is defective in AM development. mf lacks shoot branching and ray flowers, occasionally producing few disk flowers. Here we demonstrated that a point mutation in the REGULATOR OF AXILLARY MERISTEM FORMATION‐LIKE (Ha‐ROXL) gene of mf generates a premature stop codon and therefore a nonfunctional bHLH transcription factor, no longer localized in the nucleus, where it should exert its function. Virus‐induced gene silencing of Ha‐ROXL also causes defects in disk and ray flower development. Ha‐ROXL mRNA accumulates at the adaxial boundaries of leaves and AMs. During inflorescence development, Ha‐ROXL is expressed in small arcs of cells before a clear separation between abaxial bracts and disk flower primordia. No Ha‐ROXL mRNA accumulates in mf inflorescences. Several genes known to play roles in plant architecture, auxin transport, and flower development are differentially expressed in mf and Ha‐ROXL‐silenced plants. These results highlight the predominant role of Ha‐ROXL in regulating AMs in sunflower. In dicot, mf is the first mutant for which the ROXL gene is also required for initiation of flower meristems.
Expression of calcification‐related ion transporters during blue mussel larval development
Authors: Ramesh Kirti , Yarra Tejaswi , Clark Melody S. , John Uwe , Melzner Frank 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe physiological processes driving the rapid rates of calcification in larval bivalves are poorly understood. Here, we use a calcification substrate‐limited approach (low dissolved inorganic carbon, CT) and mRNA sequencing to identify proteins involved in bicarbonate acquisition during shell formation. As a secondary approach, we examined expression of ion transport and shell matrix proteins (SMPs) over the course of larval development and shell formation. We reared four families of Mytilus edulis under ambient (ca. 1865 µmol/kg) and low CT (ca. 941 µmol/kg) conditions and compared expression patterns at six developmental time points. Larvae reared under low CT exhibited a developmental delay, and a small subset of contigs was differentially regulated between ambient and low CT conditions. Of particular note was the identification of one contig encoding an anion transporter (SLC26) which was strongly upregulated (2.3–2.9 fold) under low CT conditions. By analyzing gene expression profiles over the course of larval development, we are able to isolate sequences encoding ion transport and SMPs to enhance our understanding of cellular pathways underlying larval calcification processes. In particular, we observe the differential expression of contigs encoding SLC4 family members (sodium bicarbonate cotransporters, anion exchangers), calcium‐transporting ATPases, sodium/calcium exchangers, and SMPs such as nacrein, tyrosinase, and transcripts related to chitin production. With a range of candidate genes, this work identifies ion transport pathways in bivalve larvae and by applying comparative genomics to investigate temporal expression patterns, provides a foundation for further studies to functionally characterize the proteins involved in larval calcification.
Intrinsic Electrocatalysis of RNA as a Label‐free and Reagent‐less Tool for Detection of MicroRNAs
Authors: Římanková Ludmila , Ostatná Veronika , Bartošík Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe show for the first time that RNA catalyzes hydrogen evolution reaction at mercury‐containing electrodes. We previously showed that DNA is electrocatalytically active, and so we compared heights and potentials of the RNA chronopotentimetric stripping (CPS) peaks with analogous signals of DNA of the same sequence and found out they were very similar. RNA peaks showed differences depending on the RNA base composition. Catalytic nature of CPS peak enabled detection of 25 pM microRNA in electrochemical cell, or 500 pM microRNA in a 5 μL solution drop (corresponding to 2.5 fmole of microRNA). This finding opens the door for simple, label‐free and reagent‐less analysis of low concentrations of RNA molecules.
Immunomodulatory asthma therapy in the equine animal model: A dose‐response study and evaluation of a long‐term effect
Authors: Klier John , Bartl Carolin , Geuder Sabine , Geh Katharina J. , Reese Sven , Goehring Lutz S. , Winter Gerhard , Gehlen Heidrun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionEquine asthma represents a naturally occurring animal model for human allergic neutrophilic asthma. Inhalative nanoparticle‐bound cytosine‐phosphate‐guanosine (CpG‐GNP) immunotherapy, independent of specific allergens, has already shown promising clinical and immunological results in previous studies and offers the possibility to treat the underlying cause of the disease. This study analyses the relationship between dose and response, and evaluates a possible long‐term effect.MethodsIn the prospective, randomised, double‐blind clinical field study, 29 horses suffering from equine asthma received 10 inhalation treatments with either 187.5 µg CpG‐GNP (CpG single dose [CpGsd]; n = 11), 375 µg CpG‐GNP double dose (CpG double dose [CpGdd]; n = 9) (q48h for 20 days) or 1600 µg beclomethasone (n = 9) (q24h for 10 days). Each horse was examined three times: before the treatment (I), immediately after the 10 inhalations (II), and 8 weeks after the final inhalation (III). The three groups were compared according to clinical and laboratory parameters. The study examined the sustainability of the long‐term effect of the treatment after 8 weeks, as well as the tolerability of the formula as a double dose.ResultsThe CpGsd resulted in a significant improvement in 82% of the parameters, the CpGdd in 72%. In the long‐term evaluation, the CpGsd showed a significant improvement in 100% of the parameters in comparison to the initial values, the CpGdd in 67%. On the immunological level, the bronchoalveolar lavage revealed a significant reduction of IL‐4, IL‐8, and interferon‐γ.ConclusionBoth CpG groups displayed significant improvements in clinical and laboratory parameters, especially regarding the long‐term effect of CpGsd. Doubling the CpG dose did not result in any improvement in comparison to the original single dose. On the immunological level, an anti‐inflammatory, as well as an immunomodulatory effect, apart from a Th2‐dominated immune response, could be observed. This immunomodulatory inhalation treatment could indicate a new possibility for human allergic asthma therapy.
Safety and efficacy of autologous mononuclear cell and stem cell apheresis in very low‐weight children—Experience at a single center
Authors: Mielcarek‐Siedziuk Monika , Gajek Kornelia , Musiał Jakub , Rybka Blanka , Ryczan‐Krawczyk Renata , Stachowiak Mateusz , Ussowicz Marek 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundApheresis in children with low body weight is technically limited by their tolerance of the extracorporeal blood volume.Study design and methodsThis paper presents a single‐center experience with 23 procedures in 12 children with weights between 5.2 and 9.5 kg using the Spectra Optia mononuclear cell (MNC) protocol with blood priming.ResultsThe average procedure duration was 158 minutes, and the median processed blood volume was 316 mL/kg. The white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), and hemoglobin (HGB) values showed a downward trend with increased volume of processed blood. The post‐apheresis HGB concentration was increased in all procedures due to initial priming with packed red blood cells (PRBCs), but this effect disappeared at a level of ~400 mL of processed blood/kg. The median volume of the cellular product was 36 mL, the WBC count was 153 K/μL, the hematocrit (HCT) was 1.5%, the PLT count was 602 K/μL, the WBC collection efficacy (CE2) was 13.2%, and the PLT CE2 was 9.5%. The median CD34+ CE2 was 28%, and interpolation of the CD34+ CE2 yielded a Y‐intercept value of 32%. Higher pre‐collection CD34+ counts resulted in higher CD34+ yields. No correlation was found between the pre‐collection CD34+ results and CD34+ CE2.CONCLUSIONThe analyzed data demonstrated the feasibility and safety of apheresis in very low‐weight children. The laboratory abnormalities were asymptomatic and citrate toxicity was mild. Visual control of clogging with manual adjustment of the citrate infusion rate is important to reduce exposure to citrate.
Upregulated LOX and increased collagen content associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and unfavorable outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yu Miao , Shen Weili , Shi Xinzhan , Wang Qiong , Zhu Lifang , Xu Xiaohui , Yu Jinhua , Liu Laikui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesCollagen is a core protein that maintains the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and its dysregulation in human cancers has attracted increasing attention. In tumors, increased lysyl oxidase (LOX)‐catalyzed collagen cross‐linking plays a critical role in collagen dysregulation. However, the expression patterns of LOX and collagen and their clinicopathological significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been well established.MethodsThe LOX mRNA expression in OSCC was measured by RT‐PCR and bioinformatics analysis. LOX protein expression and total collagen content were identified by immunohistochemistry or Masson's trichrome staining in a retrospective cohort of primary OSCC samples, respectively. Moreover, the associations between LOX and collagen expression and various clinicopathological parameters or patient survival were assessed.ResultsLOX mRNA was overexpressed in OSCC samples. Higher expression of LOX, collagen content or co‐overexpression of LOX and collagen was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features. Importantly, aberrant expression of LOX, collagen content, or both were markedly correlated with decreased overall and disease‐free survival (P < 0.05). Moreover, univariate and multivariate Cox models analyses indicated that LOX, collagen content or their combination could serve as an independent prognostic predictor for OSCC patients. ROC analysis further revealed that the combination of LOX and collagen was superior to parameter alone as a prognostic predictor.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that elevated LOX and collagen content significantly corelate with aggressiveness and worse prognosis in OSCC.
A red orange and lemon by‐products extract rich in anthocyanins inhibits the progression of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Damiano Sara , Lombari Patrizia , Salvi Erika , Papale Massimo , Giordano Antonio , Amenta Margherita , Ballistreri Gabriele , Fabroni Simona , Rapisarda Paolo , Capasso Giovambattista , Forte Iris Maria , Barone Daniela , Ciarcia Roberto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe major cause of end‐stage renal disease is the diabetic nephropathy. Oxidative stress contributes to the development of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study we have evaluated the effect of a diet with a new standardized of red orange and lemon extract (RLE) rich in anthocyanins (ANT) in the progression of the kidney disease on Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Oxidative stress and renal function were analyzed. In diabetic rats, the RLE restored the blood glucose levels, body weight, and normalized the reactive oxygen species (ROS) total pathways. The kidney inflammation, in diabetic rats, has not shown significant change, showing that the oxidative stress rather than to inflammatory processes is a triggering factor in the renal complication associated with T2DM. Therefore, the administration of the RLE prevents this complication and this effect could be related to the inhibition of ROS production.
Distance matching extension and local structure of graphs
Authors: Aldred R. E. L. , Fujisawa Jun , Saito Akira 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA matching in a graph is said to be extendable if there exists a perfect matching of containing . Also, is said to be a distance matching if the shortest distance between a pair of edges in is at least . A graph is distance matchable if every distance matching is extendable in , regardless of its size. In this paper, we study the class of distance matchable graphs. In particular, we prove that for every integer with , there exists a positive integer such that every connected, locally ‐connected ‐free graph of even order is distance matchable. We also prove that every connected, locally ‐connected ‐free graph of even order is distance matchable. Furthermore, we make more detailed analysis of ‐free graphs and study their distance matching extension properties.
Analysis of power management and cost minimization in MG—A hybrid GOAPSNN technique
Authors: Roy Kallol 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a hybrid technique for optimal power flow management and production cost minimization of microgrid (MG)‐connected system with renewable energy sources (RES). The hybrid technique is the joint execution of both the particle swarm optimization (PSO)–aided artificial neural network (ANN) and grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) named as GOAPSNN technique. The proposed technique is concerned with the mathematical optimization problems that involve more than one objective function to be optimized. At first, the PSO‐ANN technique predicts the load demand in the MG‐connected system by using the inputs of MG‐connected system like photovoltaic (PV) system, wind turbine (WT), microturbine (MT), diesel engine (DE), and battery. According to the load demand, GOA is utilized to choose an optimal configuration of MG, ie, fuel cost minimization, emission factors, operating, and maintenance cost. The proposed technique is executed in MATLAB/Simulink platform and compared with the existing strategies, such as squirrel optimization with gravitational search–aided neural network (SOGSNN), adaptive neuro‐fuzzy interference system and advanced salp swam optimization algorithm (ANFASO). In this paper, the maximum generated power of PV, WT, MT, and battery is 7.9, 9.8, 15.7, and 4.56 kW, respectively. The state of charge (SoC) of the proposed technique is investigated, which is around 83%. In light of the load demand, the proposed approach has less production cost.
Research confidence, interest and experience of an Australian hospital pharmacy population
Authors: Waddell Jason J. , Semciw Adam I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are few publications evaluating the research experience of hospital pharmacists in Australia.AimThis study evaluated the research interest, confidence and experience of an Australian hospital pharmacist population.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was undertaken in a health service. Demographic information was collected and study participants completed a validated questionnaire to evaluate their interest, confidence and experience in research. Differences between overall levels of interest, confidence and experience were evaluated using non‐parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA), whereas relationships of these with demographic variables were explored with multilinear regression. Participants listed the number of times they completed a range of research‐related tasks, as well as barriers to and support for participating in research.ResultsPharmacists exhibited high levels of interest in research but had comparatively lower levels of confidence and experience (p < 0.017 for all). Pharmacists undertook most of the research tasks less than five times in the past 5 years. Research interest was associated with qualifications and belief that research can influence practice (r2 = 0.175, p < 0.05); research confidence was associated with qualifications and gender (r2 = 0.405, p < 0.05); research experience was associated with years of experience and qualifications (r2 = 0.380, p < 0.01). Time was the most common barrier to participation in research. The level of departmental support was high, but one‐third of participants declined to answer this question.ConclusionResearch interest, confidence and experience were associated with possession of a postgraduate research qualification. Pharmacy professional organisations, pharmacy departments and educational institutions should consider ways to encourage pharmacists to complete a postgraduate qualification.
Effects of ozone postharvest treatment on physicochemical and qualitative traits of Actinidia chinensis ‘Soreli’ during cold storage
Authors: Goffi Valentina , Zampella Luigi , Forniti Roberto , Petriccione Milena , Botondi Rinaldo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDOzone has been used for improving the postharvest life of fruits and vegetables. Ozonation, an alternative decontamination method, can be applied effectively to perishable commodities immediately after harvest. Kiwifruit is a subtropical climacteric fruit that is less able to acclimate and is susceptible to low temperatures.In this study, we investigated the influence of ozone and different storage temperatures on the physico‐chemical and qualitative features in Actinidia chinensis ‘Soreli’. The fruits were treated with a continuous flow of ozone in air (300 ppb), stored at 2 and 4 °C for 60 days, and sampled every 15 days.RESULTSIt was found that ozone treatment induced the ripening process; this was evident at the end of the storage, with higher soluble solids content for ozone‐treated fruits at 2 and 4 °C. Storage temperatures and gaseous ozone treatment influenced in a different manner the bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids. Additionally, under gaseous ozone storage, microbial growth was delayed, improving the microbial quality index when the fruits were stored at the lowest storage temperature (2 °C).Principal component analysis highlighted that the effects of storage temperature on physico‐chemical and bioactive compounds were greater than the postharvest treatment.CONCLUSIONStorage temperature influenced the postharvest life of ‘Soreli’. Storage at 2 °C and under 300 ppb gaseous ozone improved the yellow‐fleshed fruit storage life. However, storage at 4 °C under 300 ppb gaseous ozone did not show advantages in preserving the fruit quality. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of Carotenoids for Their Antifibrogenic Effects in Hepatic Stellate Cells
Authors: Bae Minkyung , Kim Mi‐Bo , Kang Hyunju , Park Young‐Ki , Lee Ji‐Young 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHepatic stellate cells (HSC) have an important role in the development of liver fibrosis by producing extracellular matrix proteins when they are activated upon liver injury. We previously demonstrated that astaxanthin (ASTX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, attenuates HSC activation. The objective of this study was to compare the anti‐fibrogenic effects of ASTX with those of other common carotenoids. LX‐2 cells, a human HSC cell line, were treated with ASTX, lycopene, lutein (LT), zeaxanthin, or canthaxanthin, to measure messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of pro‐fibrogenic genes. Pro‐fibrogenic gene expressions were also measured in ASTX‐ or LT‐treated primary mouse HSC. To determine the underlying mechanisms of the anti‐fibrogenic effect of ASTX and LT, SMA‐related and MAD‐related protein 3 (SMAD3) pathways and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in LX‐2 cells. Among five carotenoids tested, ASTX and LT attenuated HSC activation in LX‐2 cells by reducing the mRNA and protein levels of pro‐fibrogenic genes, such as smooth muscle α actin and procollagen type I α1 (COL1A1). In addition, both ASTX and LT significantly decreased the expression of pro‐fibrogenic genes, including COL1A1, COL3A1, and COL6A1, in activated primary mouse HSC, with ASTX being more potent than LT. The anti‐fibrogenic effect of ASTX was mediated by inhibiting the phosphorylation of SMAD3 and cellular ROS accumulation, while LT only prevented the accumulation of ROS in LX‐2 cells. In conclusion, ASTX showed the most potent anti‐fibrogenic effect among the five carotenoids via inhibition of SMAD3 phosphorylation and cellular ROS accumulation while LT only prevented ROS levels in HSC.
Preparation of Nonspherical Fluorinated Acrylate Polymer Particles by a “Surface Tension Controlling” Method and Their Applications in Light‐Diffusing Films
Authors: Wu Gang , Li Wei , Ni Weinan , Chen Lei , Sun Gang , You Bo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA facile “surface tension controlling” method is proposed for the preparation of nonspherical fluorinated acrylate polymer particles (FANPPs) with four different morphologies by adjusting the compositions of polystyrene (PS) cores and monomers in shell layers. The FANPPs are fabricated through an inexpensive and template‐free emulsion polymerization process that allows control of their morphologies. Scanning electronic microscopy, the Wilhelmy plate method, and differential scanning calorimetry are applied to investigate the structures and properties of the FANPPs. The formation mechanism of these unique morphologies is rationalized in terms of a selective wetting process, whereby surface tension and incompatibility between the PS cores and fluorinated shell layers are modified. These novel nanoparticles are first applied to fabricate light‐diffusing films that show both high transmittance and high haze value. The light‐diffusing properties are tested by means of a haze meter. The nonspherical structure of the FANPPs greatly influences their light‐diffusing properties.