bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las determinantes de la industria metalúrgica básica del hierro y el acero en el Perú: 2000-2020
Authors: Ospino Edery Juan José Manuel , Hinojosa Pérez José Adolfo 
Published: November 2024

Siendo la industrialización de carácter fundamental para posibilitar el desarrollo económico sostenido de la economía de un país, esta investigación de revisión plantea como objetivo central el señalar, cuáles han sido las determinantes de la industria metalúrgica básica del hierro y el acero en el Perú para el periodo 2000-2020, donde la política económica se encuentra ausente para el desarrollo de este estratégico sub sector, el que se encuentra correlacionado con la industria de la construcción, el mejoramiento del ingreso per-cápita, las migraciones de las poblaciones del campo a la ciudad, los fenómenos telúricos frecuentes, entre otros.
Depictions of Strabismus in Children’s Animated Films
Authors: Liu Jintong , Mantha Aditya , Benjamin Tyler D. , Goryachok Maksym , Ahmed Mohamoud , Grove Nathan , Puente Michael A. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Strabismus is known to negatively affect patients' self-confidence and ability to interact with society. Strabismus is commonly depicted in animated films marketed to children, potentially influencing the perception of strabismus by young impressionable audiences.

METHODS
We reviewed all animated films released by Walt Disney Animation Studios from 1989 to 2022 and all films released by Pixar, DreamWorks, and Studio Ghibli before 2023 and identified all characters with strabismus. Five raters each independently performed a character trait analysis of all characters with strabismus, and a sample proportion test was used for statistical comparison of these traits.

RESULTS
One hundred twenty five movies met inclusion criteria. We identified 46 characters with strabismus, with at least 1 character identified in 33 of the 125 films. These characters were more likely to be portrayed as unintelligent (30%) than intelligent (2%), villains (15%) than heroes (4%), and followers (41%) than leaders (7%). Twenty-six (58%) were either mute or did not speak, 24% were portrayed as frightening, 35% had other physical deformities, and 35% were clumsy. Inter-rater reliability testing demonstrated substantial agreement (Kappa 0.61–0.80) or moderate agreement (κ 0.41–0.60) among raters for most of the character traits.

CONCLUSIONS
Characters with strabismus are common in animated films, where they are significantly more likely to be portrayed negatively than positively. These films are marketed to children, and their negative depictions of strabismus likely exacerbate the social stigma faced by children with strabismus.
Changes in properties of thermal insulations under certain environmental effects
Authors: Bozsaky Dávid , Bedő Mózes Norbert 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSaving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a priority for the construction sector. Heating of buildings requires the burning of fossil fuels, which can be significantly reduced by insulating the building envelope. Nowadays, the thermal insulation of buildings is essential. There are several important, well-known data about most thermal insulation materials, but there is only negligible information about the change of their properties under installation conditions or if they are already exposed to additional stresses due to structural failures and damages. This study aimed to examine the changes in properties of three common thermal insulation materials when installed in a flat roof or facade and exposed to excess moisture due to the damage of waterproofing or façade and/or when exposed to direct strong sunlight.
Enhancing stability and bioactivity of <i>Chondrus ocellatus</i> polyphenols through nanoparticle fabrication
Authors: Shen Jinyang , Zhou Yue , Li Xue , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Caiping , Cao Luqian , Zhou Feiyang , Zhang Shicheng , Zhu Yuexia , Qin Kunming 
Published: November 2024

This article aimed to fabricate Chondrus ocellatus polyphenols (COPs)-gelatin-chitosan nanoparticles to enhance their stability and bioactivity. Different preparation conditions were tested to investigate the effects of formulation on nanoparticle fabrication. Free radical scavenging activity of COPs and their nanoparticles were compared. The consequences revealed that optimal preparation was obtained with a chitosan (CS) concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, gelatin (Gel) concentration of 1.0 mg/mL, COPs concentration of 5.0 mg/mL, and Gel-CS-COPs mass ratio of 2:1:1. The resultant nanoparticles had the particle size of 39.79 ± 5.15 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 60.95 % ± 1.86 %. The COPs-Gel-CS nanoparticles were distributed uniformly, and no obvious aggregation was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Nanoencapsulation of the COPs significantly improved their antioxidative stability. This study provided a potential formulation for the application of Chondrus ocellatus polyphenols in antioxidant activities.
Impact of calcium and copper co-doping on the oxygen transport of layered nickelates: a case study of Pr1.6Ca0.4Ni1–yCuyO4+δ and a comparative analysis
Authors: Sadykov Vladislav , Eremeev Nikita , Sadovskaya Ekaterina , Zhulanova Tatiana , Pikalov Sergey , Fedorova Yulia , Pikalova Elena 
Published: November 2024

This study aims at investigating oxygen content and diffusion in the Pr1.6Ca0.4Ni1‑yCuyO4+δ (y = 0.0–0.4) series. Single-phased materials were obtained via nitrate combustion using glycerol as a fuel. The materials exhibit an orthorhombic structure, which correlates well with the absolute oxygen content in the samples in the range of 4.15–3.97. The oxygen mobility in the samples was investigated by a temperature-programmed isotope exchange of oxygen (TPIE) with C18O2 in a flow reactor. The obtained curves, comprising few extrema, were fitted using a mathematical model that includes two or three distinct oxygen forms, each characterized by a specific diffusion coefficient value. The oxygen tracer diffusion coefficient values and the contribution of fast oxygen forms tend to decrease with increasing Cu content (except for Pr1.6Ca0.4Ni0.8Cu0.2O4+δ), which can be explained by the variation of highly mobile interstitial oxygen content since the effective activation energy values remains the same within the calculation error. Comparative analysis shows that this behavior is similar to the trends observed and discussed for Ca- and Cu-doped La and Nd nickelates. Nevertheless, the highest D* value for Ofast was demonstrated for the Pr1.6Ca0.4Ni0.8Cu0.2O4+δ sample (9.4·10–8 cm2/s at 700 °C), which correlates well with superior electrochemical properties of the electrodes on its basis.
Features of the pathogen and efficacy of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Starshinova A. A. , Belyaeva E. N. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Rubinstein A. A. , Churilov L. P. , Ling H. , Zhuang M. , Kudlay D. A. 
Published: November 2024

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 10.6 million new cases of tuberculosis were detected in 2022, indicating an increase of 3.5 % from the reported 10.3 million in 2021. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of tuberculosis increased by 3.9 % from 2020 to 2022. According to the latest regulatory documents, multidrug-resistant pathogen is diagnosed when any bacteriologic or molecular genetic methods reveal drug resistance of M. Tuberculosis complex at least to isoniazid and rifampicin regardless of resistance to other antituberculosis drugs.With a wide range of virulence genes, the tuberculosis pathogen expresses genes in different phases of infection. Some genes are “switched on” in the early phases and are important for overcoming immune defenses and spreading the pathogen in the host, while others are important for survival in the latent phase. These characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis determine the need for correct and adequate selection of therapy. The problem of diagnostics and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis remains extremely urgent. Despite the introduction of new tests for rapid determination of drug susceptibility spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the problem of timely and adequate prescription of chemotherapy regimen remains. When selecting therapy, the problem of prescribing a combination of antituberculosis drugs with proven efficacy against M. tuberculosis remains. The need to assess the patient’s comorbid status, which affects the effectiveness of treatment and the occurrence of relapses, remains relevant.Despite the introduction of new tests for rapid determination of the drug susceptibility spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the problem of timely and adequate prescription of chemotherapy remains relevant. The problem of prescribing a combination of antituberculosis drugs with proven efficacy against M. tuberculosis remains in the selection of therapy. Currently, the introduction of bedaquiline in therapy regimens is important for improving the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. In addition, studies are underway to shorten the duration of therapy for MDR-TB and XDR-TB, which is particularly important for maintaining patient adherence to treatment.
Exploring the potential of dermal grafting: a narrative review in plastic surgery
Authors: Sjöberg Folke , Dogan Sinan , El-Serafi Ahmed T. , Sjöberg Zacharias , Abdelrahman Islam , Steinvall Ingrid , Karlsson Matilda , Olofsson Pia , Lindford Andrew , Vuola Jyrki , Elmasry Moustafa 
Published: November 2024

Dermal grafting (DG) has emerged as an innovative technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery, offering several advantages over traditional skin grafting methods. This review provides an in-depth exploration of DG, highlighting its applications, benefits, and future directions. The historical evolution of skin grafting is discussed, tracing the development of DG as a novel approach to address the limitations of conventional techniques.
The review focuses on four key advantages of DG: (1) accelerated healing of donor sites; (2) improved aesthetic outcomes at recipient sites due to the elastic nature of dermal grafts; (3) increased graft availability by effectively at least doubling the amount of graft material obtained from a single donor site; and (4) utility in scar revision and reconstruction procedures, particularly in areas with restrictive scarring or contractures.
Recent advancements, such as the development of a multiblade dermatome, have addressed the technical challenges associated with DG harvesting, potentially broadening the clinical adoption of this technique. Preliminary results from studies utilizing this new device have demonstrated its feasibility in producing dual grafts (split-thickness skin graft and dermal graft) concurrently, simplifying the surgical procedure.
The review also explores future directions in DG, including further refinements to the multiblade dermatome, and clinical trials to validate long-term benefits.
Overall, this review highlights the significant advantages of DG and its potential in advancements of plastic and reconstructive surgery, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Integrated Characterization of Expanding-Solvent Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (ES-SAGD) Processes by Using a Heat-Penetration Criterion within a Unified, Consistent, and Efficient Framework
Authors: Yang Shikai , Yang Daoyong 
Published: November 2024

Summary
The hybrid solvent-steam injection [e.g., expanding-solvent steam-assisted gravity drainage (ES-SAGD)] is the most promising method to enhance heavy oil recovery; however, it is quite a challenge to reproduce the experimental measurements and in-situ observations because of the complicated multiphase flow behavior resulting from the coupled mass and heat transfer. In this work, an integrated technique has been developed and applied for the first time to dynamically and accurately characterize an ES-SAGD process within a unified, consistent, and efficient framework. By taking the competitive impact between heat energy and solvent dissolution, a generalized heat-penetration (HP) criterion has been derived and integrated with a numerical simulator to characterize the dynamics of solvent/steam chamber propagation conditioned to the production profiles during hybrid solvent-steam processes. This generalized HP criterion allows us to not only dynamically calculate temperature profiles beyond a solvent/steam chamber interface (SCI) but also accurately and pragmatically quantify mass and heat transfer inside the diluted oil drainage zone as well as the solvent/steam chamber. Also, comprehensive effects of the thermally sensitive co/countercurrent flows are examined with a series of multiphase relative permeabilities. Such an integrated technique has been successfully validated by reproducing the measured solvent/steam chambers in 3D physical ES-SAGD experiments. Good agreements between the simulated and measured production profiles (i.e., injection temperature, pressure, and flow rate) have been made throughout the entire production period. Not only have the measured solvent/steam chambers been reproduced but also sensitivity analyses have been performed to investigate the influences of multiphase flow behavior, solvent concentration, and grid dimension. It is found that the diffusion/dispersion coefficients and thermal properties are dependent on temperature and solvent concentrations, competitively affecting the calculated temperature distributions. Moreover, gas-liquid relative permeabilities can impose a significant impact on the SCI moving velocity as well as the oil drainage front. Such an integrated approach considerably reduces the simulation uncertainties and complexities, offering a straightforward and effective means of dynamically reproducing the observed solvent/steam chambers within a unified, consistent, and efficient framework.
Investigation of peripheral markers of inflammation in patients with different diagnoses on the psychosis spectrum: an observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Üstün Ezgi Sıla Ahi , Yazıcı Serkan , İlhan Rifat Serav , Can Kazım Cihan , Saka Meram Can 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory dysfunction may be important across the psychotic spectrum. In this study, we investigated whether there is a difference between different diagnostic groups, in which psychosis is the common pathway, and healthy controls in markers of peripheral inflammation, such as platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI) and systemic immune-inflammatory index(SII), determined by haemogram. Our hypotheses are as follows: patients with a common history of psychosis but with different diagnoses have higher severity of peripheral inflammation compared to healthy controls, regardless of the specific diagnosis. In addition, the severity of peripheral inflammation is similar across different diagnoses across the psychosis spectrum.
Results: Before and after correction for age and sex, there was no statistically significant difference in PLR between the groups. However a substantial statistical difference in NLR and SIRI were observed between the groups. According to the post-hoc analysis performed to determine which groups the difference was between, schizophrenia and the healthy control group, schizoaffective disorder and the healthy control group, and autism spectrum disorder and the healthy control group differed in terms of NLR; there was only a significant difference in SIRI between autism spectrum disorder and the healthy control group. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between groups for SII before and after correction for age and sex; however, when paired groups were evaluated using post hoc analysis, no statistically significant differences were found between any two groups. When comparing disorder groups within the psychotic spectrum, it was observed that PLR, NLR, SIRI, and SII levels were comparable.
Conclusions: Our results showed that several disorders including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and autistic spectrum disorder, with different diagnoses but similarities in terms of a history of psychosis, had increased inflammation compared to healthy controls. This study contributes to the psychosis spectrum approach in that there was no statistically significant difference in the severity of inflammation in disorder groups with a history of psychosis but with different diagnostic categories.However further research is needed to completely understand the psychosis spectrum, as bipolar disorder patients have similar inflammation levels to those without mental disorders.
Dolomite thermochronometry applied in central Apennines: a novel tool for tectonic reconstruction in carbonate rocks
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Arriga Giorgio , Rossetti Federico , Argante Valentina , Kraemer Dennis , Cosentino Domenico , Cipollari Paola , Tsukamoto Sumiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The lack of appropriate thermochronological methods has so far hampered reconstructions of the exhumation/cooling history in carbonate rock regions. In this study, we propose a novel thermochronological tool based on the dolomite thermoluminescence (TL) dating. The closure temperature of the TL peak of dolomite at 360°C is estimated to be 50–70°C. The high saturation characteristics of this signal indicate that the dolomite TL is effective in regions with cooling rates as low as 5°C/Ma. This novel thermochronometry is tested in the central Apennines, where seismogenic, carbonate-hosted normal faults control the neotectonics of the region. Samples collected at the footwall of the Monte Marine Fault show that the dolomite clasts in the fault zone and dolomitized bedrocks forming the northeastern shoulder of the L’Aquila Intermontane Basin have TL ages spanning from 3.57 ± 0.34 to 2.41 ± 0.17 Ma. These new TL ages: (i) provide the first direct age of the onset of the post-orogenic extension in the region, allowing to constrain the long-term evolution of seismogenic faulting in central Apennines, and (ii) demonstrate the potential of dolomite luminescence thermochronometry to reconstruct the exhumation/cooling history of carbonate bedrocks.
Simplified P. falciparum membrane feeding assay using small Petri dishes and gel warmers
Authors: Mlambo Godfree , Thanakornsombut Tassanee , Abhai K Tripathi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Studies on Plasmodium falciparum transmission require blood-feeding infectious gametocytes to mosquitoes using standard membrane-feeding assays (SMFAs). SMFAs are routinely performed using electric heating coils or glass membrane feeders connected to a circulatory water bath using tubing and clamps. Each of these approaches is expensive and requires a complex setup, hence restricting the number of assays that can be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, existing methods cannot be easily applied in low-resource field settings. Here we describe a low-cost and simplified method for feeding mosquitoes with an infectious blood meal using 35 mm Petri dishes where temperature is maintained by placing reusable gel warmers on top of the Petri dishes. The intensity and prevalence of infection in mosquitoes (An. stephensi and An. gambiae) fed via a Petri dish overlaid with gel warmers were comparable to mosquitoes fed using standard glass membrane feeders. The methodology described here can be easily applied in low-resource and field settings due to its low cost, ease of set up, and use of easily available supplies such as petri dishes, and reusable gel warmers. We believe a wide range of laboratories can easily adapt this method for P. falciparum transmission studies.
Fractal Scaling Laws in the Universe Distribution of Galaxies
Authors: Macek Wieslaw , Wójcik Dariusz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We have argued that a simple nonlinear law could be important for
the origin of the Universe resulting in fractal or multifractal features.
Some scaling of the large-scale mass distribution have also been proposed.
As expected the universal multifractal spectrum obtained for galaxies is
similar to that identified by NASA’s Voyager mission in the nearby Solar System environement.
Hence we have applied the similar method for determination of the reliable
multifractal spectrum of distribution of galaxies on cosmological scales,
based on selected observations from a million of galaxies in the Redshift
Catalog updated in June 2008. We show that the observed spectrum
is consistent with the Cantor set models characteristic for heliospheric
turbulence. The degree of multifractality somewhat varies for nearby
and more remote galaxies, which could be related to some voids in the
large-scale distribution of matter. A possible asymmetry of the spectrum
maybe be attributed to some deviations from the Hubble’s law for the
ideal uniform expansion. On the hundredth anniversary of the discovery
of the first galaxy beyond the Milky Way, we hope that the identification
of fractal scaling laws of galaxies is an important contribution
to ultimate explanations of the distribution of matter in the Universe.
Ultrasensitive detection of CEA biomarker for early diagnosing of colon cancer using MWCNT and ZnS@CdS core-shell quantum dots nanocomposite
Authors: Shamsazar Ali , Soheili-Moghaddam Mahsa , Babaei Behnam , Nasiri Ramin , Mavaei Maryamosadat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a commonly employed biomarker in the surveillance of individuals diagnosed with colon cancer. The utilization of precise biosensing techniques is imperative in identifying recurrence in individuals who have undergone prior treatment for colon cancer. Electrochemical immunosensors present a straightforward and efficient analytical method for quantifying biomarkers.
Method
In this study, a novel electrochemical immunosensor was constructed utilizing a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) that was modified with a nanocomposite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and ZnS@CdS core-shell quantum dots (QDs).
Results
The immunosensor designed in this study demonstrates the ability to detect CEA within a broad linear range spanning from 0.0005 to 2.5 ng/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.11 pg/mL. The immunosnesor presented enhanced stability and excellent sensitivity.
Conclusions
Due to the results of the immunosensor in CEA sensing, it can be inferred that this new proposed sensor is a promising device for accurate CEA detection, which will be useful in the relevant physiological processes.