bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Genotype Emergence of DENV are Constrained by the Double Host Selection, Reducing the Probability of Alternative Serotype Emergence
Authors: Sánchez-González Gilberto , Conde Renaud 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSince their discovery and sequencing 40 years ago, the DENV genotypes have shown an extreme coherence regarding the serotype class they code for. Considering the RNA virus mutation rate, we used Timed Markov Model to explore the transmission possibilities of mutated viruses and the statistical eventualities of new serotype emergence. We find that around 1 000 years are required for a new serotype to emerge, in line with phylogenetic analysis of the Dengue serotypes. Our work provides a mechanistic explanation of the strictness and low probability of a new Dengue virus serotype occurrence.Author summaryRecent Dengue virus global spread has drawn the attention of the Public Health Policy makers in developing countries and developed countries as well. The infection gravity and the hemorrhagic dengue syndromes have been related with the absence or presence of previous DENV immunity. Therefore, the emergence of a new DENV serotype and its spread constitute a matter of concern. Here, we constructed a mathematical model to determine the probability of such event, as well as de-entangle the mechanistic reasons behind the low serotype emergence factor of the DENV.
Bayesian network analysis incorporating genetic anchors complements conventional Mendelian randomization approaches for exploratory analysis of causal relationships in complex data
Authors: Howey Richard , Shin So-Youn , Relton Caroline , Smith George Davey , Cordell Heather J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) implemented through instrumental variables analysis is an increasingly popular causal inference tool used in genetic epidemiology. But it can have limitations for evaluating simultaneous causal relationships in complex data sets that include, for example, multiple genetic predictors and multiple potential risk factors associated with the same genetic variant. Here we use real and simulated data to investigate Bayesian network analysis (BN) with the incorporation of directed arcs, representing genetic anchors, as an alternative approach. A Bayesian network describes the conditional dependencies/independencies of variables using a graphical model (a directed acyclic graph) with an accompanying joint probability. In real data, we found BN could be used to infer simultaneous causal relationships that confirmed the individual causal relationships suggested by bi-directional MR, while allowing for the existence of potential horizontal pleiotropy (that would violate MR assumptions). In simulated data, BN with two directional anchors (mimicking genetic instruments) had greater power for a fixed type 1 error than bi-directional MR, while BN with a single directional anchor performed better than or as well as bi-directional MR. Both BN and MR could be adversely affected by violations of their underlying assumptions (such as genetic confounding due to unmeasured horizontal pleiotropy). BN with no directional anchor generated inference that was no better than by chance, emphasizing the importance of directional anchors in BN (as in MR). Under highly pleiotropic simulated scenarios, BN outperformed both MR (and its recent extensions) and two recently-proposed alternative approaches: a multi-SNP mediation intersection-union test (SMUT) and a latent causal variable (LCV) test. We conclude that BN incorporating genetic anchors is a useful complementary method to conventional MR for exploring causal relationships in complex data sets such as those generated from modern “omics” technologiesAuthor summaryMendelian randomization (MR) is a popular method for inferring causal relationships between variables (such as between an intermediate biological factor and a disease outcome). However, MR relies on a number of assumptions that may be hard to verify, and it is not ideally suited to comparing different underlying causal scenarios. Here we propose the use of an alternative approach, Bayesian network analysis (BN), as a complementary tool to conventional MR. We use real and simulated data to investigate the performance of MR, BN and several other recently-proposed methods, and find that BN performs as well as, or better than, the other methods, particularly under complex scenarios. We conclude that BN is a useful complementary approach to conventional MR for exploring causal relationships in complex data sets.
Helix formation during the coupled binding and folding of intrinsically disordered proteins monitored by synchrotron-radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy
Authors: Karlsson Elin , Andersson Eva , Jones Nykola C. , Hoffmann Søren Vrønning , Jemth Per , Kjaergaard Magnus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins organize interaction networks in the cell in many regulation and signalling processes. These proteins often gain structure upon binding to their target proteins in multi-step reactions involving the formation of both secondary and tertiary structure. To understand the interactions of disordered proteins, we need to understand the mechanisms of these coupled folding and binding reactions. We studied helix formation in the binding of the molten globule-like nuclear coactivator binding domain (NCBD) and the disordered interaction domain from activator of thyroid hormone and retinoid receptors (ACTR). We demonstrate that helix formation in a rapid binding reaction can be followed by stopped flow synchrotron-radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy, and describe the design of such a beamline. Fluorescence-monitored binding experiments of ACTR and NCBD display several kinetic phases including one concentration-independent phase, which is consistent with an intermediate stabilized at high ionic strength. Time resolved circular dichroism experiments show that almost all helicity is formed upon initial association of the proteins, or separated from the encounter complex by only a small energy barrier. Through simulation of mechanistic models, we show that the intermediate observed at high ionic strength likely involves a structural rearrangement with minor overall changes in helicity. Our experiments provide a benchmark for simulations of coupled binding reactions and demonstrate the feasibility of using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism for mechanistic studies of protein-protein interactions.
Exploring the structural landscape of 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3-benzothiazole: high-Z′ packing polymorphism and cocrystallization with calix[4]tube
Authors: Alvarenga Meiry E. , Valdo Ana Karoline S. M. , Ribeiro Leandro , Do Nascimento Neto José Antonio , De Araujo Debora P. , Da Silva Cleiton Moreira , De Fátima Ângelo , Martins Felipe T. 
Published: May 2019

We report here for the first time a cocrystal of the so-called neutral calix[4]tube, which is two tail-to-tail-arranged and partially deprotonated tetrakis(carboxymethoxy)calix[4]arenes, including three sodium ions, with 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3-benzothiazole, namely trisodium bis(carboxymethoxy)bis(carboxylatomethoxy)calix[4]arene tris(carboxymethoxy)(carboxylatomethoxy)calix[4]arene–2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3-benzothiazole–dimethyl sulfoxide–water (1/1/2/2), 3Na+·C36H30O12
2−·C36H31O12
−·C11H7NS2·2C2H6OS·2H2O, which provides a new approach into the host–guest chemistry of inclusion complexes. Three packing polymorphs of the same benzothiazole with high Z′ (one with Z′ = 8 and two with Z′ = 4) were also discovered in the course of our desired cocrystallization. The inspection of these polymorphs and a previously known polymorph with Z′ = 2 revealed that Z′ increases as the strength of intermolecular contacts decreases. Also, these results expand the frontier of invoking calixarenes as a host for nonsolvent small molecules, besides providing knowledge on the rare formation of high-Z′ packing polymorphs of simple molecules, such as the target benzothiazole.
Analyzing project data in BIM with descriptive analytics to improve project performance
Authors: Marzouk Mohamed , Enaba Mohamed 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to expand the benefits of building information modeling (BIM) to include data analytics to analyze construction project performance. BIM is a great tool which improves communication and information flow between construction project parties. This research aims to integrate different types of data within the BIM environment, then, to perform descriptive data analytics. Data analytics helps in identifying hidden patterns and detecting relationships between different attributes in the database.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is considered to be an inductive research that starts with an observation of integrating BIM and descriptive data analytics. Thus, the project’s correspondence, daily progress reports and inspection requests are integrated within the project 5D BIM model. Subsequently, data mining comprising association analysis, clustering and trend analysis is performed. The research hypothesis is that descriptive data analytics and BIM have a great leverage to analyze construction project performance. Finally, a case study for a construction project is carried out to test the research hypothesis.

Findings
The research finds that integrating BIM and descriptive data analytics helps in improving project communication performance, in terms of integrating project data in a structured format, efficiently retrieving useful information from project raw data and visualizing analytics results within the BIM environment.

Originality/value
The research develops a dynamic model that helps in detecting hidden patterns and different progress attributes from construction project raw data.
Regulatory focus and message framing’s effects on intention to consume ethnic food in China
Authors: Cui Hong-Jing , Fam Kim-Shyan , Zhao Tai-Yang 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of regulatory focus on Chinese consumers’ intention to consume ethnic food, the mediating role of food neophobia and the moderating role of message framing with regard to regulatory focus and ethnic food consumption.

Design/methodology/approach
Lab experiments method was used in this paper, two studies were designed to test the relationship between regulatory focus, food neophobia, message framing and intention to eat ethnic food. Study 1 was to test the influence of regulatory focus on intention to eat ethnic food, and the mediation role of food neophobia. Study 2 was to test the moderation role of message framing.

Findings
Results indicated that consumers with promotion focus have higher intention to eat ethnic food than consumers with prevention focus. Prevention-focus consumers have higher food neophobia, which leads to lower intention to eat ethnic food. Food neophobia plays the mediating role in the relationship between regulatory focus and intention to eat ethnic food. Regulatory fit can increase consumers’ intention to eat ethnic food. Promotion-focus consumers show higher eating intention in gain-framing situation, while prevention-focus consumers show higher eating intention in loss-framing situation.

Research limitations/implications
The study was undertaken in China. Further studies should include respondents living in countries other than China.

Practical implications
This research provides a venue for marketers of destination tourism, especially for ethnic food marketers to introduce and advertise ethnic foods to tourists. Regulatory fit is important for destination tourism. To improve consumers’ eating intention, this research suggests that ethnic food marketers should pay attention to regulatory focus of consumers from different regions and cultural background, and design corresponding message framing for consumers with different regulatory focus to form regulatory fit.

Originality/value
First, this study has proposed and tested regulatory focus’ effect on intention to consumer ethnic food. Food neophobia is used to explain the mechanism of relation between regulatory focus and intention to eat ethnic food. Also, message framing is introduced to define the boundary of relation between regulatory focus and intention to eat ethnic food.
Identifying the gaps in project success research
Authors: He Qinghua , Wang Ting , Chan Albert P.C. , Li Hanzhang , Chen Yangxue 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the existing literature on project success in academic journals, specifically within the context of construction engineering and management (CEM). It also aims to provide a holistic picture of existing research and to identify research implications in this specific area.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an extensive literature review of a total of 164 peer-reviewed journal papers between 2007 and 2017, using a mixed bibliographic and bibliometric method that considers annual circulation, institutional and regional contributions, author contributions, citations, categories of research methods and keywords networking.FindingsThere has been an increasing research interest in CEM project success. The largest number of published studies targets the developed regions, especially in Hong Kong, whereas the papers related to the developing economies remain weak. Questionnaire, interview and case study have comprised the main data collection methods, and descriptive data analysis was performed in most of the case/field studies. The subtopic related to the critical success factors (CSFs) is considered as the most popular in the keywords network in the targeted research area. Four implications, namely, megaproject success, project success in developing countries, relationships between CSFs and success outcomes, and the influence of human factors are highlighted in future research.Originality/valueThis paper departs from earlier research by using a mixed bibliographic and bibliometric method, especially facilitating to analyze and illustrate the interlinkages between keywords effectively. Additionally, it provides a clear picture of the existing literature on CEM project success, which contributes to insights for successful construction project management. Finally, the holistic analysis identifies gaps in the body of knowledge, revealing avenues for future research.
The impact of technological innovation efficiency on firm growth
Authors: Martínez-Alonso Rubén , Martínez-Romero María J. , Rojo-Ramírez Alfonso A. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer new insights regarding an issue that has attracted the interest of multitude academics and practitioners in business management and family firm literature: technological innovation (TI). Specifically, this study brings new knowledge regarding both the impact of TI efficiency on firm growth and the moderating role of family involvement in management on such relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a matched-pairs design and an ordinary least squares regression analysis to examine a sample of 152 Spanish manufacturing firms.FindingsFirst, the authors show that firms obtaining higher TI efficiency are also those that achieve superior growth. Second, the authors reveal that as family involvement in management increases, the positive effect that TI efficiency exerts on firm growth is strengthened.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that family managers should essentially consider various aspects such as tacit knowledge, social capital and long-standing collaborations with stakeholders to reinforce the relationship between TI efficiency and firm growth.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that analyses the effect of TI efficiency on firm growth, as well as, when and to what extent family involvement in management influences the TI efficiency–growth relationship. Thus, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the importance that family managers could have on firm growth deriving from TI efficiency.
Evaluation of a transition intervention in a secure setting
Authors: Liddiard Kim , Morgan Sara Louise , Davies Bronwen Elizabeth Lesley 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Transitioning is an inevitable part of being in secure settings, yet little research exists focussing on the experiences of individuals and what interventions might help them to achieve optimal transitions. This seems surprising as the very people who find themselves in secure settings often have attachment difficulties, maladaptive coping strategies and complex mental health needs, which are the factors considered most likely to disadvantage individuals when transitioning. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a repeated design to explore the effectiveness of a person-centred intervention with 18 transitioning individuals in a medium-secure hospital. Three self-report questionnaires were used to capture data relating to anxiety, coping strategies and how individuals feel about the transition pre- and post-intervention. Whole data sets were achieved in 16 cases.

Findings
Following the transition intervention, individuals felt more at ease with the transition ahead of them, their use of adaptive coping strategies had significantly increased and their trait anxiety had significantly lowered.

Research limitations/implications
This study revealed that using a person-centred intervention with transitioning individuals was helpful. However, the study was not able to capture the impact of this intervention over time.

Practical implications
This study highlights the importance of attending to how individuals experience the transition, alongside offering interventions designed to help them adjust and cope to achieve optimal transitions.

Originality/value
Very little is known about what interventions might help individuals achieve a successful transition. Therefore, the findings offer new and significant contributions to this under-researched area.
Removal methods of rigid stylets to minimise adverse force and tracheal tube movement: a mathematical and in‐vitro analysis in manikins
Authors: Kotoda M. , Oguchi T. , Mitsui K. , Hishiyama S. , Ueda K. , Kawakami A. , Matsukawa T. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis study investigated displacement of the tracheal tube caused by different methods of intubating stylet removal, using in‐vitro experiments and mathematical analysis. In the first in‐vitro experiment, we measured the distance travelled by the tube tip during stylet extraction. Then, we investigated the ideal technique for stylet extraction using mathematical analysis, which would cause minimal tube displacement. Then, using a training manikin, we measured the force applied to the vocal cords and stylet extraction force during tracheal intubation. When the stylet was extracted along a straight path towards the stylet end, the distance travelled by the tube tip significantly increased as the bending angle increased. Mathematical analysis revealed that the stylet should be diagonally extracted (in the sagittal plane) at an appropriate angle, rather than along a straight path towards the direction of the stylet end. In simulated tracheal intubation, extraction force and force applied to the vocal cords both significantly increased as the bending angle increased. Compared with the ‘hockey stick’‐shaped stylet, the arcuate‐shaped stylet resulted in reduced force. Our results indicate the potential risk for vocal cord injury when using hockey stick‐shaped stylets with large bending angles.
Lifelong learning: Formal, non‐formal and informal learning in the context of the use of problem‐solving skills in technology‐rich environments
Authors: Nygren H. , Nissinen K. , Hämäläinen R. , De Wever B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe evolving technological landscape in the digital era has a crucial influence on lifelong learning and the demand for problem‐solving skills. In this paper, we identify associations between formal, non‐formal and informal learning with sufficient problem‐solving skills in technology‐rich environments (TRE). We focus on adults' problem‐solving skills in TRE as a novel approach to investigate formal, non‐formal and informal learning based on data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies. This programme measured 16–64‐year‐old adults' proficiency in problem‐solving skills in TRE. The total sample size was 61 654 individuals from 13 European countries. Our results clearly indicate that the skill levels of more than 50% of adults aged 16–64 years old seem to be insufficient to cope effectively in TRE. The findings suggest that the learning ecologies of adults are a combination of formal, non‐formal and informal learning activities. The overall level of problem‐solving skills in TRE was higher among individuals who indicated that they have participated either formal or non‐formal learning activities, compared to those who have not. However, interestingly, the association between formal learning and problem‐solving skills in TRE was not major. Instead, our results clearly indicate that informal learning seems to be highly associated with sufficient problem‐solving skills in TRE. In practice, we outline those formal, non‐formal and informal learning activities that adults perform when applying the skills in TRE. By recognising these activities undertaken by sufficient problem solvers, we can promote lifelong learning skills. Our findings can also be used as a starting point for future studies on lifelong learning.
Does access to saltwater swimming pools reduce ear pathology and hearing loss in school children of remote arid zone aboriginal communities? A prospective 3‐year cohort study
Authors: Sanchez Linnett , Carney Andrew Simon , Esterman Adrian , Sparrow Karen , Turner David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether access to saltwater chlorinated swimming pools in remote Aboriginal communities is beneficial in reducing levels of middle ear disease and hearing loss in school children.DesignA prospective 3‐year cohort study of children in 10 remote Aboriginal communities in South Australia with (n = 4) or without (n = 6) swimming pools.SettingOutback Australia.ParticipantsEight hundred and thirteen school‐age children residing in remote South Australia.Main outcome measuresPrevalence of open and closed middle ear disease and prevalence of hearing loss.ResultsAbout 2107 ear assessments were conducted during the study period. 70.7% of children in communities with pools failed a screening test of hearing compared with 68.6% of children in non‐pool communities (P = 0.637). 32.3% of children had chronic otitis media (COM). There was no difference between pool and non‐pool communities in the frequency of either inactive (19.4% pool vs 22.6% non‐pool; P = 0.232) or active (19.8% pool vs 17.8% non‐pool; P = 0.383) COM. In children with bilateral intact tympanic membranes, 21.2% had unilateral and 20.6 had bilateral type B tympanograms. There was no difference between pool and non‐pool communities in the frequency of type B tympanometry (P = 0.465).ConclusionsHearing loss associated with both open and closed middle ear disease remains highly prevalent in children living in remote Aboriginal communities in South Australia. Access to swimming pools in this population does not appear to significantly reduce these high levels of middle ear disease or associated hearing loss.