bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Streptomyces lydicus A01 affects soil microbial diversity, improving growth and resilience in tomato
Authors: Wu Qiong , Lu Caige , Ni Mi , Wang Hongli , Liu Weicheng , Chen Jie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe actinomycete Streptomyces lydicus A01 promotes tomato seedling growth; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether changes in soil microbial diversity, following Streptomyces lydicus A01 treatment, were responsible for the increased tomato seedling growth. Eukaryotic 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing showed that S. lydicus A01‐treated and untreated soil shared 193 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), whereas bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing identified 1,219 shared OTUs between the treated and untreated soil. Of the 42 dominant eukaryotic OTUs, eight were significantly increased and six were significantly decreased after A01 treatment. Of the 25 dominant bacterial OTUs, 12 were significantly increased and eight were significantly decreased after A01 treatment. Most of the eukaryotes and bacteria that increased in abundance exhibited growth promoting characteristics, which were mainly predicted to be associated with mineralization of nitrogen and phosphorus, phosphate solubilization, nutrient accumulation, and secretion of auxin, whereas some were related to plant protection, such as the degradation of toxic and hazardous substances. Soil composition tests showed that S. lydicus A01 treatment enhanced the utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in tomato seedlings. Thus, microbial fertilizers based on S. lydicus A01 may improve plant growth, without the detriment effects of chemical fertilizers.
Utility and limitations of perimortem cesarean section: A nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Kobori Shusaku , Toshimitsu Masatake , Nagaoka Shinichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Murotsuki Jun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimPerimortem cesarean section (PCS) is a procedure performed as part of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aims to clarify maternal and neonatal prognosis and establish PCS's utility and limitations.MethodsWe sent structured questionnaires to obstetrics facilities regarding the cases of PCS performed in Japan between April 2010 and April 2015. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut‐off values of the time from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) to return of spontaneous circulation to predict the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).ResultsPCS was performed for 18 patients. Out of 18 patients, 12 were resuscitated. The women who were discharged without major sequelae (n = 6) were compared with the non‐discharged women who were dead or in persistent vegetative state (n = 12), and median interval time from arrest to PCS was significantly shorter in the former group (P = 0.002). Median interval time from CPA to PCS in the cases in which the neonates survived without major morbidities was significantly shorter than that in the cases of neonatal death and hypoxic encephalopathy (P = 0.01). DIC was observed in 8/9 (89%) patients whose resuscitation took more than 20 min from the diagnosis of CPA. Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) was introduced in 4/9 patients. However, more cases with uncontrolled bleeding, possibly caused by a sudden increase in blood flow and DIC after resuscitation, were observed in the PCPS group compared to the non‐PCPS group.ConclusionPCS can be an effective CPR procedure. However, if PCS is not performed within 20 min from CPA, starting PCPS before PCS is an option.
Fetal intracranial hemorrhage due to maternal subclinical vitamin K deficiency associated with long‐term eating disorder
Authors: Sotodate Genichiro , Matsumoto Atsushi , Konishi Yu , Toya Yukiko , Endo Mikiya , Oyama Kotaro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVitamin K deficiency in pregnant women causes intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in fetuses. Fetal ICH frequently causes life‐threatening and persistent neurological damage. However, indicators for preventing fetal ICH are not established. Two pregnant women developed long‐term eating disorders caused by psychosis. They were administered intravenous fluid and vitamin supplementation, excluding vitamin K. The intracranial low‐hypoechoic area on fetal ultrasound was suggestive of fetal ICH due to vitamin K deficiency. Their neonates showed severe developmental delay. Laboratory analysis revealed a normal prothrombin time, but elevated protein induced by vitamin K absence II. Pregnant women who have eating disorders more than 3 weeks could develop fetal ICH due to maternal subclinical vitamin K deficiency. Illness duration and protein induced by vitamin K absence II of pregnant woman may be indicators for vitamin K administration to prevent fetal intracranial hemorrhage.
Incidence of complete vaginal cuff wound healing at sixth and eighth week after total abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Watcharaprapapong Jiraphan , Treetampinich Chatchai , Na Ayudhya Nathpong I. , Paiwattananupant Krissada , Chinthakanan Orawee 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo assess the incidence and risk factors of complete vaginal cuff wound healing at sixth and eighth week after total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH).MethodsA retrospective chart review of women who underwent TAH for benign conditions from January 2015 to December 2015 at Ramathibodi Hospital was conducted. The primary outcome was the incidence of complete vaginal cuff healing at 6 and 8 weeks after operation as determined by complete vaginal mucosal approximation without the presence of suture material or granulation tissue.ResultsThe medical records of 235 patients who underwent TAH for benign conditions were reviewed. The incidence of complete vaginal cuff wound healing at 6 and 8 weeks after operation were 189 and 225 cases, respectively (80.4% vs 95.7%, P value <0.001). Forty‐six (19.6%) patients had incomplete vaginal cuff healing at 6 weeks after operation. Of those, 33 patients had vaginal cuff granulation. Spontaneous regression of lesions had occurred in 69.7% at 8 weeks. Independent risk factors of delay vaginal cuff healing were the used of electrosurgery for vaginal incision (adjusted odds ratio 13.4, 95% confidence interval 2.63–67.74) and suturing cuff with continuous technique (adjusted odds ratio 9.1, 95% confidence interval 2.12–39.01).ConclusionThe incidence of complete vaginal cuff wound healing was significantly higher at 8 weeks than at 6 weeks after TAH for benign conditions. Therefore, 8 weeks after operation would be an appropriate time for the first vaginal cuff examination.
Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism: practical clinical perspectives
Authors: Young W. F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA), the most common form of secondary hypertension, can be either surgically cured or treated with targeted pharmacotherapy. PA is frequently undiagnosed and untreated, leading to aldosterone‐specific cardiovascular morbidity and nephrotoxicity. Thus, clinicians should perform case detection testing for PA at least once in all patients with hypertension. Confirmatory testing is indicated in most patients with positive case detection testing results. The next step is to determine whether patients with confirmed PA have a disease that can be cured with surgery or whether it should be treated medically; this step is guided by computed tomography scan of the adrenal glands and adrenal venous sampling. With appropriate surgical expertise, laparoscopic unilateral adrenalectomy is safe, efficient and curative in patients with unilateral adrenal disease. In patients who have bilateral aldosterone hypersecretion, the optimal management is a low‐sodium diet and lifelong treatment with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist administered at a dosage to maintain a high–normal serum potassium concentration without the aid of oral potassium supplements.
PALAEO‐EXPOSURE SURFACES IN THE APTIAN DARIYAN FORMATION, OFFSHORE SW IRAN: GEOCHEMISTRY AND RESERVOIR IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Mehrabi H. , Rahimpour‐Bonab H. , Al‐Aasm I. , Hajikazemi E. , Esrafili‐Dizaji B. , Dalvand M. , Omidvar M. 
Published: September 2018

Palaeo‐exposure surfaces within and at the top of the carbonate‐dominated Aptian Dariyan Formation have been poorly studied in the Iranian sector of the Persian Gulf. This paper presents an integrated sedimentological and geochemical study of the Dariyan Formation at four oil and gas fields located in the western, central and eastern parts of the Gulf. Facies stacking patterns in general indicate shallowing‐upwards trends toward the exposure surfaces, which are interpreted to correspond to unconformities.The Dariyan Formation in the study area is divided into upper and lower carbonate units by a deep‐water, high‐gamma shale‐marl interval. At fields in the western and central Gulf, significant diagenetic changes were recorded in the top of the upper carbonate unit, including meteoric dissolution and cementation, brecciation and paleosol formation. An exposure surface is also present at the top of the lower carbonate unit in all the fields in the study area, and is associated with meteoric dissolution and cementation of grain‐dominated facies.Age calibration of studied intervals was carried out using microfossil assemblages including benthic and planktonic foraminifera. Negative excursions of both δ18O (−10‰ VPDB) and δ13C (−0.66‰ VPDB) were recorded in weathered intervals located below the unconformity surfaces. A sequence stratigraphic framework for the Dariyan Formation was established by integrating sedimentological, palaeontological and geochemical data. The δ13C curve for the formation in the Iranian sector of the Persian Gulf can be correlated with the reference curve for the northern Neotethys and used as a basis for regional stratigraphic correlation. Where the top‐Aptian unconformity is present, it has resulted in an enhancement of the reservoir characteristics of the underlying carbonate succession. Accordingly, the best reservoir zones in the Dariyan Formation occur in the upper parts of the lower and upper carbonate units which are bounded above by significant palaeo‐exposure surfaces.
Phytomelatonin: Recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Kanwar Mukesh Kumar , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Jie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMelatonin (MEL) has been revealed as a phylogenetically conserved molecule with a ubiquitous distribution from primitive photosynthetic bacteria to higher plants, including algae and fungi. Since MEL is implicated in numerous plant developmental processes and stress responses, the exploration of its functions in plant has become a rapidly progressing field with the new paradigm of involvement in plants growth and development. The pleiotropic involvement of MEL in regulating the transcripts of numerous genes confirms its vital involvement as a multi‐regulatory molecule that architects many aspects of plant development. However, the cumulative research in plants is still preliminary and fragmentary in terms of its established functions compared to what is known about MEL physiology in animals. This supports the need for a comprehensive review that summarizes the new aspects pertaining to its functional role in photosynthesis, phytohormonal interactions under stress, cellular redox signaling, along with other regulatory roles in plant immunity, phytoremediation, and plant microbial interactions. The present review covers the latest advances on the mechanistic roles of phytomelatonin. While phytomelatonin is a sovereign plant growth regulator that can interact with the functions of other plant growth regulators or hormones, its qualifications as a complete phytohormone are still to be established. This review also showcases the yet to be identified potentials of phytomelatonin that will surely encourage the plant scientists to uncover new functional aspects of phytomelatonin in plant growth and development, subsequently improving its status as a potential new phytohormone.
Epidemiology of Aspergillus species causing keratitis in Mexico
Authors: Al‐Hatmi Abdullah M. S. , Castro Marino Alcantara , de Hoog G. Sybren , Badali Hamid , Alvarado Victor Flores , Verweij Paul E. , Meis Jacques F. , Zago Virginia Vanzzini 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe incidence of fungal keratitis has increased in recent years. While the epidemiology and clinical roles of various Candida and Fusarium species have been relatively well‐identified in infections of the eye, data regarding keratitis caused by Aspergillus species are scant. Accurate and rapid diagnosis is important for successful management of this infection.ObjectivesTo present the first molecular epidemiological data from Mexico during a 4‐year period of cases admitted with Aspergillus keratitis to a tertiary care eye institution in Mexico City.Patients/MethodsA total of 25 cases of keratitis were included in the study. Aspergillus isolates were identified by sequencing the calmodulin gene. Antifungal susceptibility was tested according to CLSI.ResultsThe aetiological agents belonged to Aspergillus flavus (n = 13), Aspergillus effusus (n = 1), Aspergillus tamarii (n = 4), Aspergillus sydowii (n = 1), Aspergillus protuberus (n = 3) and Aspergillus terreus (n = 3). All strains had low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole and voriconazole (VCZ). Amphotericin B and natamycin showed moderate elevated MICs.ConclusionsEarly diagnosis and application of topical VCZ 1% were associated with good outcome. Monitoring of local epidemiological data plays an important role in clinical practice.
The gut–brain axis in health neuroscience: implications for functional gastrointestinal disorders and appetite regulation
Authors: Weltens Nathalie , Iven Julie , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Kano Michiko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOver the past few years, scientific interest in the gut–brain axis (i.e., the bidirectional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain) has exploded, mostly due to the identification of the gut microbiota as a novel key player in this communication. However, important progress has also been made in other aspects of gut–brain axis research, which has been relatively underemphasized in the review literature. Therefore, in this review, we provide a comprehensive, although not exhaustive, overview of recent research on the functional neuroanatomy of the gut–brain axis and its relevance toward the multidisciplinary field of health neuroscience, excluding studies on the role of the gut microbiota. More specifically, we first focus on irritable bowel syndrome, after which we outline recent findings on the role of the gut–brain axis in appetite and feeding regulation, primarily focusing on the impact of subliminal nutrient‐related gut–brain signals. We conclude by providing future perspectives to facilitate translation of the findings from gut–brain axis neuroscientific research to clinical applications in these domains.
Interventions to increase physical activity in children 0–5 years old: a systematic review, meta‐analysis and realist synthesis
Authors: Hnatiuk J. A. , Brown H. E. , Downing K. L. , Hinkley T. , Salmon J. , Hesketh K. D. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in 0–5 year olds and to determine what works, for whom, in what circumstances.DesignSystematic review, meta‐analysis and realist synthesis.Data sourcesEmbase and EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, Global Health, MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus with full text), up to and including April 2017.Eligibility criteriaPublished in a peer‐reviewed English language journal; randomized or controlled trial design; aimed to increase children's PA levels; reported on objectively assessed PA in children between 0 and 5.9 years at baseline and post‐intervention.ResultsThirty‐four studies were included in the review, mostly conducted in the preschool/childcare setting. Meta‐analyses showed an overall non‐significant (Z = 0.04,p = 0.97) mean difference of 0.03 (95% CI = −1.57, 1.63) minutes/day for light‐intensity PA (n = 11). The overall mean difference for moderate‐intensity to vigorous‐intensity PA (n = 21) was 2.88 (95% CI = 1.54, 4.23) minutes/day, indicating a small but significant overall positive effect (Z = 4.20,p < 0.001). The realist synthesis provided insights into the key contexts and mechanisms that appeared to be effective at changing children's PA.ConclusionBased on a quantitative and qualitative examination of the evidence, this review provides specific recommendations for effective early childhood PA interventions for practitioners and policymakers.
A novel PAX9 mutation found in a Chinese patient with hypodontia via whole exome sequencing
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Zhao Xiaoxue , Hou Feifei , Sun Yanwei , Wu Jing , Ma Tengfei , Zhang Xiangyu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate a novel gene mutation in a Chinese patient with non‐syndromic hypodontia.Subjects and MethodsMutation analysis was carried out by whole exome sequencing. Bioinformatics tools were used for the biophysical predictions of the mutative protein. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to analyse the effects of mutation on protein function. PAX9 and BMP4 gene expression from mutant cells was detected by qRT‐PCR.ResultsA novel heterozygous mutation (c.G1057A) was detected in the patient but was not found in the controls. The novel missense mutation led to a Val111Met substitution in the paired box domain which was completely conserved evolutionarily, as analysed by dbNSFP. The mutation was predicted to be disease‐causing and harmful using MutationTaster and CADD, respectively. Protean of Lasergene showed that this mutation may lead to β‐region shortening in the mutant protein compared to the wild type. Luciferase reporter assay indicated that the mutated protein reduced the transactivation activity of PAX9. This mutation led to increased levels of PAX9 transcript and reduced levels of BMP4 transcript, likely due to compensatory activation and lower transactivation activity of mutant PAX9.ConclusionThis novel mutation (c.G1057A) in PAX9 caused hypodontia by altering PAX9 gene function and downregulating BMP4 gene expression.
Golgi‐localized cation/proton exchangers regulate ionic homeostasis and skotomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Yuan , Tang Ren‐Jie , Yang Xiyan , Zheng Xiaojiang , Shao Qiaolin , Tang Qing‐Lin , Fu Aigen , Luan Sheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMultiple transporters and channels mediate cation transport across the plasma membrane and tonoplast to regulate ionic homeostasis in plant cells. However, much less is known about the molecular function of transporters that facilitate cation transport in other organelles such as Golgi. We report here that Arabidopsis KEA4, KEA5, and KEA6, members of cation/proton antiporters‐2 (CPA2) superfamily were colocalized with the known Golgi marker, SYP32‐mCherry. Although single kea4,5,6 mutants showed similar phenotype as the wild type under various conditions, kea4/5/6 triple mutants showed hypersensitivity to low pH, high K+, and high Na+ and displayed growth defects in darkness, suggesting that these three KEA‐type transporters function redundantly in controlling etiolated seedling growth and ion homeostasis. Detailed analysis indicated that the kea4/5/6 triple mutant exhibited cell wall biosynthesis defect during the rapid etiolated seedling growth and under high K+/Na+ condition. The cell wall‐derived pectin homogalacturonan (GalA)3 partially suppressed the growth defects and ionic toxicity in the kea4/5/6 triple mutants when grown in the dark but not in the light conditions. Together, these data support the hypothesis that the Golgi‐localized KEAs play key roles in the maintenance of ionic and pH homeostasis, thereby facilitating Golgi function in cell wall biosynthesis during rapid etiolated seedling growth and in coping with high K+/Na+ stress.
Nocturnal enuresis and poor sleep quality
Authors: Tsuji Shoji , Takewa Reiko , Ohnuma Chikushi , Kimata Takahisa , Yamanouchi Sohsaku , Kaneko Kazunari 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundSleep disorders are strongly associated with childhood nocturnal enuresis (NE). In this study, we examined whether sleep disorders are present in children with NE, and whether NE is caused by sleeping disorders, or is simply comorbid.MethodsWe examined 14 children with monosymptomatic NE and 15 age‐matched controls. Sleep disorders were assessed for ≥5 days using contactless biomotion sensors to detect breathing and body movements during at‐home sleep. To assess sleep quality, we compared median sleep efficiency and the number of shallow sleep episodes between the groups. We also investigated the change in sleep quality after successful NE treatment in five children.ResultsMedian sleep efficiency was significantly lower in the NE group (87.3%) than in the control group (93.4%; P < 0.001). The number of shallow sleep episodes per night was significantly higher in the NE group (5.11) than in the control group (1.50; P < 0.001). Neither sleep efficiency nor the number of shallow sleep episodes improved in the five children whose NE was successfully stopped after bedwetting‐alarm therapy (P = 0.50 and 0.22, respectively).ConclusionsSleep disorders are present in children with NE. Although there are insufficient data to conclude that sleep disorders are not the cause of NE, we suggest that they are comorbid because sleep disorders persisted even after NE was halted.
Vitamin D supplementation does not improve plasma thiol/disulfide homeostasis
Authors: Mertoglu Cuma , Siranli Gulsah , Topal Ismail , Gok Gamze , Erel Ozcan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundImpairment of thiol/disulfide homeostasis, as well as vitamin D deficiency, are responsible for the pathophysiology of many acute and chronic diseases. This study examined the relationship between thiol/disulfide homeostasis and vitamin D level and supplementation.MethodsA total of 203 healthy children were included in the study. The participants were divided into four groups according to 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level: group 1, severe deficiency (<10 ng/mL); group 2, deficiency (10–20 ng/mL); group 3, insufficiency (20–30 ng/mL); and group 4, sufficiency (≥30 ng/mL). Furthermore, group 5 was defined as being on vitamin D supplementation.ResultNative thiol was lower in group 5 than in groups 2–4 (P= 0.003). Disulfide was higher in groups 1, 4 and 5 than groups 2 and 3 (P< 0.001). Total thiol was lower in group 5 than in group 4 (P= 0.032). The ratio of native thiol/total thiol was lower in groups 1 and 5 compared with groups 2 and 3, and in group 4 compared with group 3 (P< 0.001). The ratios of disulfide/total thiol and disulfide/native thiol were higher in groups 1 and 5 than in groups 2 and 3 whereas only the disulfide/total thiol ratio was higher in group 4 than in group 3 (P< 0.001).ConclusionsIn healthy children, severe deficiency of vitamin D causes impairment of thiol/disulfide homeostasis and increases protein oxidation, which cannot be reversed by external vitamin D supplementation.