bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solidarity and Responsibility in the Euro Area: Foes or Friends?
Authors: Fracasso Andrea 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The recent debate on the reform of the economic governance in the euro area has been marred by a stark disagreement on the correct sequence between risk-reduction (responsibility) and risk-sharing (solidarity). In fact, the dichotomy between risk-reduction and risk-sharing may be fallacious as they reinforce each other, particularly in a monetary union with no lender of last resort for the public sector and no common macroeconomic stabilization mechanisms. The lack of risk-sharing mechanisms is per se a major source of redenomination and default risks and thus it makes the euro area prone to financial market segmentation along national borders and ultimately weaker. At the same time, greater structural convergence has to be achieved through structural reforms and fiscal prudence in order to reduce the likelihood of future negative idiosyncratic shocks in currently vulnerable countries. Notwithstanding some progress towards a politically viable solution encompassing both responsibility and solidarity, a number of important issues remain controversial. This short article summarizes the debate and introduces some of these controversial issues, ranging from the correct role of market discipline when markets are prone to self-fulfilling prophecies and multiple equilibria, to the (dis)advantages of sovereign debt restructuring mechanisms based on rules rather than discretion, from the pros and cons of new safe assets in the euro area to the primacy of coping with debt legacy problems, and the like.
Dense free subgroups of automorphism groups of homogeneous partially ordered sets
Authors: Głab Szymon , Gordinowicz Przemysław , Strobin Filip 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A countable poset is ultrahomogeneous if every isomorphism between its finite subposets can be extended to an automorphism. If A is such a poset, then the group

Aut
⁡

(
A
)

{\operatorname{Aut}(A)}

has a natural topology in which

Aut
⁡

(
A
)

{\operatorname{Aut}(A)}

is a Polish topological group. We consider the problem of whether

Aut
⁡

(
A
)

{\operatorname{Aut}(A)}

contains a dense free subgroup of two generators. We show that if A is ultrahomogeneous, then

Aut
⁡

(
A
)

{\operatorname{Aut}(A)}

contains such a subgroup. Moreover, we characterize those countable ultrahomogeneous posets A such that for each natural number m the set of all cyclically dense elements

g
¯

∈
Aut

(
A
)

m

{\overline{g}\in\operatorname{Aut}(A)^{m}}

for the diagonal action is comeager in

Aut

(
A
)

m

{\operatorname{Aut}(A)^{m}}

. In our considerations we strongly use the result of Schmerl which says that there are essentially four types of countably infinite ultrahomogeneous posets.
On the automorphism group of a symplectic half-flat 6-manifold
Authors: Podestà Fabio , Raffero Alberto 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We prove that the automorphism group of a compact 6-manifold M endowed with a symplectic half-flat

SU
⁢

(
3
)

{\mathrm{SU}(3)}

-structure has Abelian Lie algebra with dimension bounded by

min
⁡

{
5
,

b
1

⁢

(
M
)

}

{\min\{5,b_{1}(M)\}}

. Moreover, we study the properties of the automorphism group action and we discuss relevant examples. In particular, we provide new complete examples on

T
⁢

𝕊
3

{T\mathbb{S}^{3}}

which are invariant under a cohomogeneity one action of

SO
⁢

(
4
)

{\mathrm{SO}(4)}

.
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of isoxazole-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
Authors: Marri Srinivas , Kakkerla Ramu , Murali Krishna Mudumba Phali Surya , Venkat Rajam Manchikatla 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Synthesis of N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-(5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)acetamides 5a–k was achieved from readily available materials. The compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against representative bacterial and fungal strains. Compounds 5b, 5d and 5f exhibit good activity.
Effect of Current on Segregation and Inclusions Characteristics of Dual Alloy Ingot Processed by Electroslag Remelting
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Zhao , Li Guangqiang , Wang Qiang , Li Baokuan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Three dual alloy ingots were processed by electroslag remelting with 1500 A, 1800 A and 2100 A. The compositions and inclusions of ingots were analyzed by means of various analytical techniques. The results show that the segregation becomes severer with the increase of current. With the current increasing, the proportion of inclusions with large size, the T.[O] and sulfur content in the ingot increase, showing a worse cleanliness due to the severer electrode surface oxidation and shorter interaction time between slag pool and film of molten steel at the electrode tip. The single (Mn,Cr)S inclusion can precipitate in transition zone of each ingot and NiCrMoV zone of ingot with 1800 A and 2100 A due to higher sulfur content and the solute segregation during solidification. The ingot processed by ESR with 1500 A performed a balanced quality.
Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation on the X-Y Surface of Inconel 718 Ni-Based Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting under Different Heat Treatment
Authors: Liu Peng , Sun Siyu , Cao Meiqing , Gong Jianhong , Hu Jiaying 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Microstructure, hardness, precipitates and phase transformation on the X-Y surface of Inconel 718 Ni-based alloys fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) were studied before and after a suitable heat treatment. The test results show that the obvious weld beads structure was observed on the surface of the as-built alloys, and the microstructure shows seriously inhomogeneous with distributing columnar crystals and fine dendrites. When the 720°C, 3 h/furnace cooling+620°C and 3 h/air cooling was used, the columnar and small dendritic crystals begun to transform into bulk crystals, and the weld beads structure disappeared instantly. The X-Y surface hardness of alloys is about HV490-540, which is higher than the one of other heat treatment processes. With the increase of solid solution temperature, the microstructure on the surface of alloys shows an obvious refining characterization. The hardness value on the surface was also reduced gradually. The typical columnar crystals, dendrites, intermetallic compounds and precipitated hardening phase (Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni, FeNi and Ni8Nb) were also reduced or could not be found. Under the solid solution process of 950°C, the fine homogeneous δ phase and γ′ phase in the grain or near the grain boundary had an important effect on the suitable surface hardness value (HV476-500) of alloys.
The finite unipotent groups consisting of bireflections
Authors: Horan Katherine , Fleischmann Peter 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Let k be a field of characteristic p and V a finite-dimensional k-vector space.
An element

g
∈

GL
⁢

(
V
)

{g\in{\rm GL}(V)}

is called a bireflection if it centralizes a subspace of
codimension less than or equal to 2. It is known by a result of Kemper that if
for a finite p-group

G
≤

GL
⁢

(
V
)

{G\leq{\rm GL}(V)}

the ring of invariants

Sym
⁢

(

V
*

)

G

{{\rm Sym}(V^{*})^{G}}

is Cohen–Macaulay, G is generated by bireflections. Although the converse is false in general, it holds
in special cases e.g. for particular families of groups consisting of bireflections.
In this paper we give, for

p
>
2

{p>2}

, a classification of all finite unipotent subgroups of

GL
⁢

(
V
)

{{\rm GL}(V)}

consisting of bireflections. Our description of the groups is given explicitly in terms useful
for exploring the corresponding rings of invariants. This further analysis will be the topic
of a forthcoming paper.
Cross-Layer Optimization and Cascadability of Optical Switches in Fiber Optic Data Networks
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Tripathi Anurag 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the most recent years, developing web applications such as cloud computing, Big Data and latest cell phone applications have added more workload on the server centers. With the expansion on the network traffic, the consumption of power also increases. In past to reduce power consumption AWG based optical switch designs are proposed, and BER, energy consumption analysis has been carried out in isolated switch. In this paper, cascadability analysis of optical switches in fiber optic and data center networks is presented, and BER is calculated for isolated and cascaded switches. In fixing switch size concepts of graph theory and small world model are used. The packet loss performance is also simulated under different loading and buffering conditions. Finally, cross layer optimization concept is discussed in fixing various switch parameters.
Analyzing Raman spectroscopic data
Authors: Ryabchykov Oleg , Guo Shuxia , Bocklitz Thomas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis chapter is a short introduction into the data analysis pipeline, which is typically utilized to analyze Raman spectra. We empathized in the chapter that this data analysis pipeline must be tailored to the specific application of interest. Nevertheless, the tailored data analysis pipeline consists always of the same general procedures applied sequentially. The utilized procedures correct for artefacts, standardize the measured spectral data and translate the spectroscopic signals into higher level information. These computational procedures can be arranged into separate groups namely data pre-treatment, pre-processing and modeling. Thereby the pre-treatment aims to correct for non-sample-dependent artefacts, like cosmic spikes and contributions of the measurement device. The block of procedures, which needs to be applied next, is called pre-processing. This group consists of smoothing, baseline correction, normalization and dimension reduction. Thereafter, the analysis model is constructed and the performance of the models is evaluated. Every data analysis pipeline should be composed of procedures of these three groups and we describe every group in this chapter. After the description of data pre-treatment, pre-processing and modeling, we summarized trends in the analysis of Raman spectra namely model transfer approaches and data fusion. At the end of the chapter we tried to condense the whole chapter into guidelines for the analysis of Raman spectra.
Forensics: evidence examination via Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Fikiet Marisia A. , Khandasammy Shelby R. , Mistek Ewelina , Ahmed Yasmine , Halámková Lenka , Bueno Justin , Lednev Igor K. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Forensic science can be broadly defined as the application of any of the scientific method to solving a crime. Within forensic science there are many different disciplines, however, for the majority of them, five main concepts shape the nature of forensic examination: transfer, identification, classification/individualization, association, and reconstruction. The concepts of identification, classification/individualization, and association rely greatly on analytical chemistry techniques. It is, therefore, no stretch to see how one of the rising stars of analytical chemistry techniques, Raman spectroscopy, could be of use. Raman spectroscopy is known for needing a small amount of sample, being non-destructive, and very substance specific, all of which make it ideal for analyzing crime scene evidence. The purpose of this chapter is to show the state of new methods development for forensic applications based on Raman spectroscopy published between 2015 and 2017.
Cultural tourism as pilgrimage
Authors: Aeschliman Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this recent address to a UNESCO doctoral summer school in northern Italy, the author argues that all cultural tourism has underlying and implicit philosophical-religious dimensions that are particularly important in the era of “late capitalism,” in which “the idiosyncratic has triumphed over the normative” and there is a deeply nihilistic drive and trajectory to the ascendant culture. After drawing on the sociologist Daniel Bell’s analysis of “the cultural contradictions of capitalism,” the author argues that there is an irreducible sacred dimension to the human person (res sacra homo) and his or her life always has the character of a pilgrimage, cognitively comprised of a quest for significance beyond the separate meanings of the normal occupational and utilitarian life. Master-works of urbanism, architecture, sculpture, painting, music, and literature offset the nihilistic dynamic of “late modernity,” and the author draws particular attention to literary works of cross-cultural understanding such as the trilogy of historical novels about India by L. H. Myers, The Root and the Flower and the novels of the great modern Japanese writer Shusaku Endo. As works of fundamental importance for orienting his analysis he adduces C. S. Lewis’s The Abolition of Man and Viktor Frankl’s Man’s Search for Meaning.
A dialogical semiosis of traveling narratives for self-interpretation: Towards activity-semiotics
Authors: Lee Yunhee 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes the idea of “activity-semiotics,” which is characterized by three modes of semiosis, namely, representation, indication, and interpretation, based on dialogical interaction. This activity-semiotics or thought-activity as metasemiosis emphasizes the power of interpretation with a processual-functional approach through a discussion of sign and meaning. In this regard, the dialogical processes involve three interpretants in each semiosis, namely, emotional interpretant, energetic interpretant, and logical interpretant, which are to be examined as to how they are connected in relation to object. My argument for dialogical semiosis is intended to reveal the teleological nature of semiosis where goal, means, and action are cooperative in semiosis in which learning, knowing, and living are engaged. This activity-semiotic model is thus characterized as anthroposemiosis, and yet it adopts not an anthropocentric but an anthropomorphic stance. For this reason, logical interpretant is critical and generates an intellectual concept incorporated with emotional and energetic interpretant. I illustrate how activity-semiotics as dialogical semiosis is operative in traveling narratives or narratives of travel, leading to self-interpretation. Thus, the action of travel in the three modes of semiosis will be represented as metaphorical, transitional, and transformational concepts, respectively, of travel as object.
The work of Peirce’s Dicisign in representationalizing early deictic events
Authors: West Donna E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDirecting attention to features in the here and now (via individual or joint ventures) is the single, most basic purpose for Dicisigns in human ontogeny. To effectively individuate in the stream of relational awareness, attentional devices must maximize notice of the dynamicity of primary graphical displays. This is a complex process, in that it requires codification of several interconnected but individualized spatial systems and event correlates: associating objects with locations, utilizing other objects as reference points, using intrinsic sidedness and absolute points of reference to orient, and anticipating potential alterations of participants within the spatial array. Early awareness of shifting object location relies upon a double sign (index, icon) to identify and implement landmarks for precise object location. Afterward, establishing other persons/objects as referent points becomes critical. Determining orientation and motility ultimately requires individuating-shape representamen which can leverage spatial inferencing –defining participant action schemes via event profiles. In other words, expectations of action paths which attentional signs afford drives well-formed abductions of participants’ likely momentary orientational shifts. Nonetheless, to successfully predict these shifts, Dicisigns must supersede affiliation with single energetic interpretants; they need to incorporate logical interpretants realized in agent-receiver role reciprocation.
Bifurcation Analysis and Chaos Control for a Discrete-Time Enzyme Model
Authors: Din Qamar , Iqbal Muhammad Asad 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Basically enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the speed of a chemical reaction without undergoing any permanent chemical change. With the application of Euler’s forward scheme, a discrete-time enzyme model is presented. Further investigation related to its qualitative behaviour revealed that discrete-time model shows rich dynamics as compared to its continuous counterpart. It is investigated that discrete-time model has a unique trivial equilibrium point. The local asymptotic behaviour of equilibrium is discussed for discrete-time enzyme model. Furthermore, with the help of the bifurcation theory and centre manifold theorem, explicit parametric conditions for directions and existence of flip and Hopf bifurcations are investigated. Moreover, two existing chaos control methods, that is, Ott, Grebogi and Yorke feedback control and hybrid control strategy, are implemented. In particular, a novel chaos control technique, based on state feedback control is introduced for controlling chaos under the influence of flip and Hopf bifurcations in discrete-time enzyme model. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate theoretical discussion and effectiveness of newly introduced chaos control method.
Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Cement-Exfoliated Vermiculite Blocks as Energy Efficient Building Envelope Material
Authors: Innocent Lovelyn Theresa , Ramalingam Velraj 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Lightweight exfoliated vermiculite (EV) aggregate particles were mixed with cement-mortar to form exclusive cement-EV specimens of 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:1.5 wt. % proportions, respectively. The thermal conductivity of these specimens was determined using a fabricated experimental setup, wherein the top and the bottom surface temperatures of the specimen were measured with respect to the heat flux within a specific time interval. Properties such as thermal resistivity, thermal transmittance, thermal performance index (TPI), and thermal damping are investigated using empirical relations and compared to that of the conventional cement-mortar specimen. The compressive strength was determined in accordance with the ASTM C31 standards for 7 and 28 days of curing. From the results, it was identified that the compressive strength of cement-EV 1:1 was 13.5 % less than cement-EV 1:0.5. The strength of cement-EV 1:1.5 was observed as 72 % and 51 % less than that of cement-EV 1:0.5 and 1:1, respectively. This is due to the increase in the porosity of the specimen. A significant reduction was noticed in the thermal conductivity of cement-EV 1:1.5 value (0.189 W/mK), with an increased value of resistivity (5.29 mK/W) when compared to that of the cement-mortar specimen. The TPI of the cement-EV 1:1.5 was reduced to 57 % less than the TPI of the cement-mortar, with an indication of the higher thermal stability of the material. Similarly, the results also showed an increase of 56 % and 71 % damping values for cement-EV 1:1 and 1:1.5, respectively. Hence, cement-EV proportions provide satisfactory strength and thermal properties for its usage as a lightweight building envelope in residential constructions, with higher thermal resistance and stability against fluctuating external temperature ranges.
Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Residual Properties of Low-Strength Concrete
Authors: Rafi Muhammad Masood , Aziz Tariq , Lodi Sarosh Hashmat 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe elevated temperature behavior of low-strength concrete specimens has been presented in this article. Concrete cylinders of 17 MPa (designated as M17) and 21 MPa (designated as M21) were employed. The temperature progression in the core of the cylinders showed some differences for the M17 and M21 specimens. Discoloration of the concrete started at 300°C, whereas hairline cracks appeared at 400°C on the surface of cylinders. Explosive spalling took place in few specimens at 400°C–600°C of furnace temperature due to the pore pressure generated by steam. The loss of compressive strength of the concrete was similar for both M17 and M21 specimens, both at 7 and 28 days, which reached 60 % after heating at 700°C. The ductility and residual Poisson’s ratio of concrete increased with the increase in heating temperatures. The elastic modulus decreased sharply after heating at 300°C, and the concrete lost more than 80 % stiffness after 600°C exposure. The residual tensile strength of the concrete decreased rapidly after heating at 400°C and became less than 10 % at 900°C. The comparison of observed data to the theoretical predictions based on the analytical models suggested by some of the international codes indicated differences between the predicted and observed data.
General Pediatricians and Value-Based Payments
Authors: Tieder Joel S. , Sisk Blake , Hudak Mark , Richerson Julia E. , Perrin James M. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
In an effort to transform the health care system, payers and physicians are experimenting with new payment models, mostly in an effort to move from a volume-based system to one based on value. We conducted a national survey to evaluate pediatricians’ experience with and views about new value-based models of payment.

METHODS:
An American Academy of Pediatrics 2016 member survey was used to assess provider and practice characteristics, provider experience with value-based payments (VBPs) (through accountable care organizations [ACOs] or pay for quality performance), and provider views about new payment models. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models to examine relationships between experience and views.

RESULTS:
The survey response rate was 48.7% (n = 786 of 1614). Of practicing general pediatricians, 52% reported experience with VBP, 32% believed payment for quality metrics have a “positive impact” on pediatricians’ ability to provide quality care for patients, and 12% believed ACOs have a positive impact. Adjusting for covariates, respondents experienced with payments for quality metrics (adjusted odds ratio: 2.01; 95% confidence interval 1.26–3.19) and ACOs (odds ratio: 6.68; 95% confidence interval 3.55–13.20) were more likely to report a positive impact.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although experience and views vary, just more than half of surveyed pediatricians report receiving some form of VBP. Pediatricians reporting this experience are more likely to feel that these payment models have a positive impact on patient care when compared with pediatricians without this experience.
Analisa Peranan Pengetahuan Konsumen dalam Mempengaruhi Keputusan Menjadi Nasabah pada Bank Syariah
Authors: Diawati Prety 
Published: September 2018

The core study is focused on factors influencing decision to become customer, covering knowledge of customers. Based on the problem, the analysis revealed in research is how knowledge of customers on decision to become customers either or simultinuously. The method used in this research is Explanatory Survey Methode, by questioners data collection technique in Likert category of five-scale. Data sources are acquired based on customers’ samples of saving of Bank Syariah Bukopin Bandung Branch Office. Data processing technique used is path analysis.Keyword: consumer knowledge, Decision to become customer. The result of research shows descriptively that the level of customers, knowledge is in medium category. While the result of statistic test by using path analysis; there is positive influence between customers, knowledge either partially or simultinuously on decision to become customers of saving program of Bank Syaria Bukopin Bandung Branch office