bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental self‐esteem, parent–child relationships, and authoritative parenting of Chinese migrant parents of left‐behind children: Implications for social policy and services
Authors: To Siu‐ming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to examine whether and how parental self‐esteem and parent–child relationships interact and associate with the authoritative parenting of Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrant mothers and fathers of left‐behind children. Results from a cross‐sectional survey of 295 Chinese migrant parents living in Shenzhen revealed no statistically significant differences between migrant mothers and fathers in parental self‐esteem, parent–child relationships, and authoritative parenting. Both parental self‐esteem and parent‐child relationships had positive associations with authoritative parenting among two groups of respondents; however, the perceived parent–child relationship quality was a more important predictor than parental self‐esteem. There was also an interaction effect between parental self‐esteem and parent–child relationships on migrant mothers’ authoritative parenting. The findings indicate that migrant parents’ perception of their encounters with their children has a profound influence on their parenting behaviors. Social services should, thus, be provided to strengthen both virtual and face‐to‐face parent–child interactions via mobile phone parenting and periodic visits. New policies should be developed to provide migrant parents with more options regarding family reunion.
Suppression of somatosensory stimuli during motor planning may explain levels of balance and mobility after stroke
Authors: Peters Sue , Brown Katlyn E. , Garland S. Jayne , Staines W. Richard , Handy Todd C. , Boyd Lara A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe ability to actively suppress, or gate, irrelevant sensory information is required for safe and efficient walking in sensory‐rich environments. Both motor attention and motor planning alter somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in healthy adults. This study's aim was to examine the effect of motor attention on processing of irrelevant somatosensory information during plantar flexion motor planning after stroke. Thirteen healthy older adults and 11 individuals with stroke participated. Irrelevant tibial nerve stimulation was delivered while SEPs were recorded over Cz, overlaying the leg portion of the sensorimotor cortex at the vertex of the head. Three conditions were tested in both legs: (1) Rest, (2) Attend To, and (3) Attend Away from the stimulated limb. In conditions 2 and 3, relevant vibration cued voluntary plantar flexion movements of the stimulated (Attend To) or non‐stimulated (Attend Away) leg. SEP amplitudes were averaged during motor planning per condition. Individuals with stroke did not show attention‐mediated gating of the N40 component associated with irrelevant somatosensory information during motor planning. It may be that dysfunction in pathways connecting to area 3b explains the lack of attention‐mediated gating of the N40. Also, attention‐mediated gating during motor planning explained significant and unique variance in a measure of community balance and mobility combined with response time. Thus, the ability to gate irrelevant somatosensory information appears important for stepping in both older adults and after stroke. Our data suggest that therapies that direct motor attention could positively impact walking after stroke.
Dead in the water: Epilepsy‐related drowning or sudden unexpected death in epilepsy?
Authors: Cihan Esma , Hesdorffer Dale C. , Brandsoy Michael , Li Ling , Fowler David R. , Graham Jason K. , Donner Elizabeth J. , Devinsky Orrin , Friedman Daniel 
Published: August 2018

SummaryObjectiveBoth drowning and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) are diagnoses of exclusion with predominantly nonspecific autopsy findings. We hypothesized that people with epilepsy found dead in water with no clear sign of submersion could be misdiagnosed as SUDEP.MethodsAll reported seizure‐related deaths undergoing medicolegal investigation in three medical examiner's offices (New York City, Maryland, San Diego County) over different time periods were reviewed to identify epilepsy‐related drownings and SUDEPs. Drowning cases that fulfilled inclusion criteria were divided into two groups according to the circumstances of death: definite drowning and possible drowning. The SUDEP group included two sex‐ and age (±2 years)‐matched definite SUDEP/definite SUDEP plus cases for each drowning case.ResultsOf 1346 deaths reviewed, we identified 36 definite (76.6%) and 11 possible drowning deaths (23.4%), most of which occurred in a bathtub (72.3%). There were drowning‐related findings, including fluid within the sphenoid sinuses, foam in the airways, clear fluid in the stomach content, and lung hyperinflation in 58.3% (21/36) of the definite drowning group, 45.5% (5/11) of the possible drowning group, and 4.3% of the SUDEP group (4/92). There was no difference in the presence of pulmonary edema/congestion between the definite drowning group, possible drowning group, and SUDEP group. The definite drowning group had a higher mean combined lung weight than the SUDEP group, but there was no difference in mean lung weights between the possible drowning and SUDEP groups or between the possible drowning and definite drowning groups.SignificanceNo distinguishable autopsy finding could be found between SUDEPs and epilepsy‐related drownings when there were no drowning‐related signs and no clear evidence of submersion. SUDEP could be the cause of death in such possible drowning cases. As most drowning cases occurred in the bathtub, supervision and specific bathing precautions could be effective prevention strategies.
Heat transfer from glass melt to cold cap: Melting rate correlation equation
Authors: Hrma Pavel , Pokorny Richard , Lee SeungMin , Kruger Albert A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe efficiency of all‐electric melters is a hot topic not only in the waste glass melting industry, but also in the commercial melting industry, where stringent environmental regulations and rapid development of renewable energy ask for transformation of current technologies. The heat transfer for the batch conversion into molten glass is controlled by convection and conduction in the thermal boundary layer on the melt side, and by the properties of the foam layer at the batch/melt boundary. An overview of factors affecting heat transfer is presented and assessed using data from laboratory‐ and pilot‐scale experiments. Aside from increasing the melter operating temperature, the heat flux can be enhanced by (a) lowering glass melt viscosity, (b) decreasing the temperature at which the foam collapses at the cold cap bottom, and (c) increasing the melt convection. Although the melt viscosity depends on glass composition, limited by the desired product properties, the understanding of foaming behavior can guide the selection of batch materials that foam less and melt easily. Since a rigorous formulation of the complex region at the cold cap bottom has not been developed yet, the boundary layer approach was adopted to obtain a semiempirical relationship between the melting rate and experimentally accessible feed properties.
Racial disparities in lymph node dissection at radical prostatectomy: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database analysis
Authors: Preisser Felix , Nazzani Sebastiano , Bandini Marco , Marchioni Michele , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Chun Felix KH , Shariat Shahrokh F , Montorsi Francesco , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Tilki Derya , Karakiewicz Pierre I 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo test for racial disparities in lymph node dissection rates, lymph node dissection extent, lymph node invasion rates and cancer‐specific mortality in North American African Americans versus non‐Hispanic whites, at radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer.MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2010–2014), we identified 58 974 African Americans or non‐Hispanic whites with prostate cancer, who underwent radical prostatectomy with available clinical stage, prostate‐specific antigen and biopsy Gleason score. Annual trends were examined. Logistic regression models focused on lymph node dissection rates, lymph node dissection extent (number of removed lymph nodes) and lymph node invasion. Cox regression models tested for differences in cancer‐specific mortality. Multivariable models were adjusted for D'Amico risk groups, age and year. Models predicting lymph node invasion and cancer‐specific mortality were additionally adjusted for lymph node dissection extent.ResultsAmong all patients, 14.5% were African Americans. Lymph node dissection was carried out in 60.0% of African Americans versus 59.5% of non‐Hispanic whites (P = 0.4). The median number of removed lymph nodes was five in African Americans versus six in non‐Hispanic whites (P < 0.001). Furthermore, 3.1% versus 3.3% of African Americans and non‐Hispanic whites, respectively, harbored lymph node invasion (P = 0.3). In multivariable logistic regression models African American race did not affect lymph node dissection or lymph node invasion rates, but lymph node dissection extent was lower in African Americans (hazard ratio 0.9; P < 0.001). No statistical differences in cancer‐specific mortality were identified according to race.ConclusionsContemporary North American African American patients treated with radical prostatectomy have equal access to lymph node dissection, the same lymph node invasion rates and the same cancer‐specific mortality rates as non‐Hispanic whites. However, the extent of lymph node dissection is lower in African Americans. The results regarding lymph node dissection rates are encouraging. However, improvements are required regarding lymph node dissection extent in African Americans.
Early pancreatic stent placement in wire‐guided biliary cannulation: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Hakuta Ryunosuke , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Nakai Yousuke , Isayama Hiroyuki , Kogure Hirofumi , Takahara Naminatsu , Mizuno Suguru , Yagioka Hiroshi , Togawa Osamu , Matsubara Saburo , Ito Yukiko , Yamamoto Natsuyo , Tada Minoru , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and AimGuidewire insertion to a pancreatic duct under wire‐guided cannulation (WGC) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is associated with a high incidence of post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Pancreatic stent placement followed by WGC (PS‐WGC) is considered for these cases to reduce PEP. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of PS‐WGC compared with repeated WGC.MethodsThe consecutive data of patients without history of ERCP who underwent ERCP for biliary intervention were retrospectively collected from five centers. Patients without guidewire insertion to the pancreatic duct were excluded. Pancreatic stent was immediately placed after guidewire insertion to the pancreatic duct in the PS‐WGC group. The association between the method of biliary cannulation (PS‐WGC or repeated WGC) and PEP was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 590 patients (183 in the PS‐WGC and 407 in the repeated WGC group) were included. PS‐WGC decreased PEP (8.7% vs 19%, P = 0.001) and improved its severity (moderate and severe PEP; 2.2% vs 6.4%, P = 0.04) compared with repeated WGC. PS‐WGC was associated with reduction of PEP in the multivariable model (Odds ratio 0.31, P < 0.001). The rates of difficult cannulation and overall successful biliary cannulation were not different between the two groups (66% vs 70%, P = 0.39 and 98% vs 96%, P = 0.21 in the PS‐WGC and repeated WGC group, respectively).ConclusionsPancreatic stent placement followed by WGC reduced PEP in patients with guidewire insertion to the pancreatic duct during WGC for native papilla compared with repeated WGC.
Aiming for the elimination of viral hepatitis in Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands and Territories: Where are we now and barriers to meeting World Health Organization targets by 2030
Authors: Howell Jess , Pedrana Alisa , Cowie Benjamin C , Doyle Joseph , Getahun Aneley , Ward James , Gane Ed , Cunningham Chris , Wallace Jack , Lee Alice , Malani Jioji , Thompson Alex , Hellard Margaret E 
Published: August 2018

AbstractViral hepatitis affects more than 320 million people globally, leading to significant morbidity and mortality due to liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). More than 248 million people (3.2% globally) are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and an estimated 80 million people (1.1% globally) are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). In 2015, more than 700 000 deaths were directly attributable to HBV, and nearly 500 000 deaths were attributable to HCV infection; 2–5% of HBV‐infected people develop HCC per annum irrespective of the presence of cirrhosis, whereas 1–5% HCV‐infected people with advanced fibrosis develop HCC per annum. The rapidly escalating global mortality related to HBV and HCV related viral hepatitis to be the 7th leading cause of death worldwide in 2013, from 10th leading cause in 1990. Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island Countries and Territories fall within the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region, which has a high prevalence of viral hepatitis and related morbidity, particularly HBV. Remarkably, in this region, HBV‐related mortality is greater than for tuberculosis, HIV infection, and malaria combined. The region provides a unique contrast in viral hepatitis prevalence, health system resources, and approaches taken to achieve World Health Organization global elimination targets for HBV and HCV infection. This review highlights the latest evidence in viral hepatitis epidemiology and explores the health resources available to combat viral hepatitis, focusing on the major challenges and critical needs to achieve elimination in Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island Countries and Territories.
Competing Meanings: Negotiating Prior Consultation in Brazil
Authors: Schumann Charlotte 
Published: August 2018

ResumenEsse artigo analisa a regulamentação da Convenção 169 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) no Brasil. Material de campo coletado em pesquisa de campo de 2012 a 2015 no Brasil esclarece o processo de estabelecer “frames of meaning” (Merry 2006) para consulta prévia no contexto nacional de Brasil. O artigo discute como membros da administração pública, lideranças de movimentos sociais, representantes da sociedade civil e expertos jurídicos nacionais e internacionais usam os três discursos de diferença cultural, cidadania e crescimento económico para argumentar diferentes interpretações de atores, relações e linhas de argumentação adequada para implementar consulta prévia. O artigo argumenta que o primeiro passo para a implementação local de direitos humanos sempre implica o processo de estabelecer significados disputados e concorrentes das conceitos chaves ao nível nacional. [Brasil, direitos humanos, povos indigenas, lei, consulta prévia, Convenção 169, Organização Internacional de Trabalho]
Nitrogen plasma skin regeneration for the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate periorbital wrinkles: A prospective, randomized, controlled evaluator‐blinded trial
Authors: Theppornpitak Naphatsanan , Udompataikul Montree , Chalermchai Thep , Ophaswongse Suwirakorn , Limtanyakul Piyakan 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundNitrogen plasma skin regeneration is a novel device that produces heat to the skin, resulting in the production of new collagen. Because of lower energy with safer skin damage and lesser adverse effects who have high Fitzpatrick's skin type especially Thais, this technique is very interesting for clinical application for skin esthetic treatment. However, this treatment has yet been empirically studied as the treatment for mild‐to‐moderate periorbital wrinkles.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate clinical efficacy of nitrogen plasma for the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate periorbital wrinkles.MethodsEighteen volunteers were enrolled. Each volunteer was randomized to receive nitrogen plasma treatment on one side of periorbital wrinkles with three sessions at a three‐week interval and compared with contralateral side without treatment. Photographic examination, skin wrinkle (SEw) score, melanin index, patients' satisfaction score, side effect, and pain score were reported.ResultsAt over fourteen weeks, all volunteers completed the study. Treatment with nitrogen plasma group had significantly better improvement for periorbital wrinkles score by Lemperle scale, skin wrinkle (SEw) score by Visioscan® VC 98, and the melanin index by Mexameter® than the control groups (P = 0.004, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). This study also showed significantly greater satisfaction score to favor the nitrogen plasma treatment group than the control group (P < 0.001). The short‐term adverse effects included erythema, scaling, temporary hyperpigmentation, pruritus, and dryness.ConclusionNitrogen plasma skin regeneration is effective and safe for the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate periorbital wrinkles and darkening.
Environmental lead effects on gene expression in oral epithelial cells
Authors: Peyyala Rebecca , Emecen‐Huja Pinar , Ebersole Jeffrey L. 
Published: August 2018

Background and ObjectiveHost responses in periodontitis span a range of local and emigrating cell types and biomolecules. Accumulating evidence regarding the expression of this disease across the population suggests some component of genetic variation that controls onset and severity of disease, in concert with the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the oral microbiome at sites of disease. However, there remains little information regarding the capacity of accruing environmental stressors or modifiers over a lifespan at both the host genetic and microbial ecology levels to understand fully the population variation in disease. This study evaluated the impact of environmental lead exposure on the responses of oral epithelial cells to challenge with a model pathogenic oral biofilm.Methods and ResultsUsing NanoString technology to quantify gene expression profiles of an array of 511 host response‐associated genes in the epithelial cells, we identified an interesting primary panel of basal responses of the cells with numerous genes not previously considered as major response markers for epithelial cells, eg, interleukin (IL)‐32, CTNNB1, CD59, MIF, CD44 and CD99. Even high levels of environment lead had little effect on these constitutive responses. Challenge of the cells with the biofilms (Streptococcus gordonii/Fusobacterium nucleatum/Porphyromonas gingivalis) resulted in significant increases in an array of host immune‐related genes (134 of 511). The greatest magnitude in differential expression was observed with many genes not previously described as major response genes in epithelial cells, including IL‐32, CD44, NFKBIA, CTSC, TNFAIP3, IL‐1A, IL‐1B, IL‐8 and CCL20. The effects of environmental lead on responses to the biofilms were mixed, although levels of IL‐8, CCL20 and CD70 were significantly decreased at lead concentrations of 1 and/or 5 μmol/L.ConclusionThe results provided new information on a portfolio of genes expressed by oral epithelial cells, targeted substantial increases in an array of immune‐related genes post‐biofilm challenge, and a focused impact of environmental lead on these induced responses.
Shifting laxative dosing schedule to an earlier time improves refractory constipation in Parkinson's disease: A case series
Authors: Neshige Shuichiro , Neshige Ryuji 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGiven the slow‐colonic transit, typical dosing schedule (bedtime administration) of laxative may be unreasonable for treating Parkinson's disease (PD)‐related constipation, that is, to have morning defecations, bedtime administration might be too late for the drug to reach the large intestine during sleep (high colonic motility due to parasympathetic dominance). Shifting laxative dosing schedule to earlier times may help the drug to reach the large intestine during sleep. Here, we reported 21 PD patients with refractory constipation, whose bowel movements were significantly improved, and PD‐related symptoms (such as wearing off and hallucinations) were substantially improved after the shift of laxatives dosing schedule to an earlier time. Because of the simplicity and effectiveness, this strategy might be widely used in treating PD‐related constipation. This retrospective observational case series study was, however, limited in the uncontrolled study design, small sample size, and subjective data sources. A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial is warranted to confirm our results.
A case of aspergillotic orbital apex syndrome diagnosed by an additional intraorbital biopsy after nasal endoscopy
Authors: Matsumoto Namiko , Sato Kota , Tadokoro Koh , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Yunoki Taijun , Takemoto Mami , Hishikawa Nozomi , Ohta Yasuyuki , Yamashita Toru , Fujii Kentaro , Ichikawa Tomotsugu , Date Isao , Abe Koji 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe prompt and accurate diagnosis of orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is very important because of its fatality. Here we report an old man with aspergillotic OAS diagnosed after two biopsies by nasal endoscopy and craniotomy. Only craniotomy leads to the appropriate diagnosis, suggesting an immediate need of additional biopsy for the accurate diagnosis and saving the patient.
Association of genetic risk score and chronic kidney disease in a Japanese population
Authors: Fujii Ryosuke , Hishida Asahi , Nakatochi Masahiro , Furusyo Norihiro , Murata Masayuki , Tanaka Keitaro , Shimanoe Chisato , Suzuki Sadao , Watanabe Miki , Kuriyama Nagato , Koyama Teruhide , Takezaki Toshiro , Shimoshikiryo Ippei , Arisawa Kokichi , Katsuura‐Kamano Sakurako , Takashima Naoyuki , Turin Tanvir C , Kuriki Kiyonori , Endoh Kaori , Mikami Haruo , Nakamura Yohko , Oze Isao , Ito Hidemi , Kubo Michiaki , Momozawa Yukihide , Kondo Takaaki , Naito Mariko , Wakai Kenji 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem worldwide including Japan. Recent genome‐wide association studies have discovered CKD susceptibility variants. We developed a genetic risk score (GRS) based on CKD‐associated variants and assessed a possibility that the GRS can improve the discrimination capability for the prevalence of CKD in a Japanese population. The present study consists of 11 283 participants randomly selected from 12 Japan Multi‐Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study sites. Individual GRS was constructed combining 18 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms identified in a Japanese population. Participants with eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 was defined as case (stage 3 CKD or higher) in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between the GRS and CKD risk with adjustment for sex, age, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The frequency of individuals with CKD was 8.3%, which was relatively low compared with those previously reported in a Japanese population. The odds ratio of having CKD was 1.120 (95% confidence interval: 1.042–1.203) per 10 GRS increment in the fully adjusted model (P = 0.002). The C‐statistic was significantly increased in the model with the GRS, comparing with the model without the GRS (0.720 vs 0.719, Pdifference = 0.008). Increment of the GRS was associated with increased risk of CKD. Additionally, the GRS significantly improved the discriminatory ability of CKD prevalence in a Japanese population; however, the improvement of discriminatory ability brought about by the GRS seemed to be small compared with that of non‐genetic CKD risk factors.