bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Protective Headgear on Frequency and Magnitude of Impacts in Girls’ High School Varsity Lacrosse
Authors: Kelshaw P M , Lincoln A E , Hepburn L H , Herman D C , Vincent H K , Cortes N , Caswell S V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
In an effort to reduce head and facial injuries in girls’ lacrosse, ASTM F3137-approved headgear for girls’ lacrosse was developed. However, the effect of wearing headgear on impacts during girls’ lacrosse game play is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate differences in impact rates and magnitudes across two conditions (No Headgear, and Headgear) during girls’ lacrosse games.

Methods
Thirty-five female participants (16.2±1.2years, 1.66±0.05m, 61.2±6.4kg) volunteered for this study during 18 games in the 2016 (No Headgear), and 15 games in the 2017 (Headgear) lacrosse seasons. All participants were instrumented with wearable sensors (X2 Biosystems) prior to each game paired with video verification.

Results
There were a total of 700 sensor-instrumented player-games. A total of 204 impacts ≥ 20g recorded by the wearable sensors were verified using video analysis (102 No Headgear; 102 Headgear). Impact rates did not vary between the No Headgear and Headgear conditions (0.27 vs 0.31 AEs/per team game, IRR=0.87, 95% CI=0.66, 1.14). The No Headgear condition experienced higher magnitudes (median peak linear acceleration (PLA)=26.9g and peak rotational velocity (PRV)=1578.6 deg/s) than the Headgear conditions (median PLA=24.7g; Z= –2.6, P<. 0.01 and PRV=1304.2 deg/s; Z = –2.6, P<. 0.01). No game-related concussions were reported during this two-year study.

Conclusion
There were no meaningful differences between impact rates and only slight differences in impact magnitudes in the No Headgear and Headgear groups. Further research should be conducted with a larger sample and different levels of play to evaluate the consequences of ASTM F3137-approved headgear on impacts, injury risk, and game play.
Association Between Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) and Concussion Recovery Time in Collegiate Participants
Authors: Petit K M , Anderson M , Bretzin A C , Tomczyk C P , Savage J L , Covassin T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the relationship between Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) change scores and total scores with recovery time after a concussion in collegiate participants.

Methods
Participants completed the VOMS within 72 hours of concussion diagnosis. The VOMS consists of smooth pursuits, horizontal saccades, vertical saccades, near-point convergence (NPC), horizontal vestibular ocular reflex (VOR), vertical VOR, and visual motions sensitivity (VMS). Prior to the VOMS, athletes rate pre-provocation symptoms for headache, dizziness, nausea and fogginess, and again after each VOMS component on a scale from 0 (none) to 10 (severe) to obtain a total provocation score for each component. Change scores were calculated by subtracting total pre-provocation symptoms from total provocation for each component. Recovery time was defined as the number of days from injury to physician clearance. A Spearman’s rank correlation assessed relationships between recovery time and VOMS outcomes.

Results
Seventy-six participants (47 male, 29 female; 18.6±2.2 years old) completed the VOMS and took 13.5±5.4 days to recover. Total provocation scores for each VOMS component were associated with recovery time (smooth pursuits r=.36, p<.001; horizontal saccades r=.40, p<.001; vertical saccades r=.40, p<.001; NPC r=.40, p<.001; horizontal VOR r=.38, p=.001; vertical VOR rs=.31, p=.01; VMS rs=.38, p=.001). Only horizontal saccades (r=.37, p=.001), vertical saccades (r=.30, p=.01), and NPC (r=.27, p=.02) change scores were associated with recovery time.

Conclusion
VOMS total symptom provocation and change scores for vertical saccades, horizontal saccades, and convergence may provide insight into concussion recovery length. Future research should assess the utility of VOMS change scores when evaluating for a concussion.
The Association Between Past Speech Therapy and Preseason Symptom Reporting in Adolescent Student Athletes
Authors: Reese K , Terry D P , Maxwell B , Zafonte R , Berkner P D , Iverson G L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Neurodevelopmental conditions, such as ADHD, have been shown to be associated with different baseline symptom reporting, but the relationship between a history of speech therapy and symptom reporting is not well understood. This study examined the association between prior speech therapy and baseline symptom reporting in student athletes.

Methods
A preseason baseline database contained 40,378 athletes ages 13–18 who had not sustained a concussion in the past 6 months. Of these, 27,550 athletes denied having all developmental/health conditions (controls) and 1,497 reported only having history of speech therapy (total sample: age M=15.5, SD=1.26; 47% girls). Mann-Whitney U-Tests were used to compare baseline symptom reporting on the ImPACT® Post-Concussion Symptom Scale between athletes with prior speech therapy and controls. Individual symptoms were dichotomized (absent vs. present) and compared between groups using chi-square tests.

Results
There was a higher proportion of boys in the prior speech therapy group than in the control group (62% vs. 53%; X2=41.9, p<.001). Athletes with speech therapy histories reported greater overall baseline symptoms (ps<.001). The effect sizes were minimal-to-small (Cohen’s d: girls= 0.10; boys=0.20). Slightly higher portions of boys and girls with a history of speech therapy reported trouble falling asleep, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating/ remembering compared to their control counterparts (ps<.05). Further, compared to controls, a higher portion of boys (but not girls) with speech therapy histories reported physical and emotional symptoms.

Conclusion
Adolescents with speech therapy histories report slightly more symptoms than controls during baseline testing, with a stronger effect in boys. However, effect sizes were very small.
Exposure to Serial Post-Concussion Neurocognitive Testing Does not Affect Future “Updated” Baseline Neurocognitive Performance in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: O'Connor S , Dean T , Elbin R J , Schatz P 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
We investigated a dose response for serial post-concussion neurocognitive testing exposure on updated post-concussion baseline testing performance.

Methods
Athletes (13-18 yrs) that completed two, valid baseline neurocognitive testing (ImPACT) sessions approximately 1-3 years apart participated in this study. A sub-sample of athletes that sustained a SRC between baseline sessions were categorized into dose-response groups based on the number of serial, post-concussion neurocognitive tests completed following SRC: ONE (n=76), TWO (n=99), and THREE OR MORE (n=111). Athletes that did not sustain a SRC comprised the ZERO group (n=289). Change scores between the first to the second baseline were calculated for the ImPACT Composite and Symptom Scores and compared between the dose-response groups and controls with 5 ANOVAs, with a Bonferroni-corrected p-value of (p<.01). Baseline testing was administered using ImPACT stimuli within the “Baseline” administration, and all post-concussion ImPACT testing was administered using alternate-form associated with that specific post-injury assessment (Post-Injury1, Post-Injury2, etc).

Results
ANOVAs revealed no effect of number of post-concussion assessments (0, 1, 2, or 3+) on magnitude of the change between first and final baselines, for Verbal Memory (p=.08), Visual Memory (p=.96), Visual Motor Speed (p=.47), Reaction Time (p=.91), or Total Symptom Scores (p=.86).

Conclusion
Repeated exposure to neurocognitive testing has revealed improvements in Visual Motor Speed among normal controls, across test-retest intervals of 1-month, 1-year, and 2-years. However, in this study, exposure to post-concussion, serial neurocognitive testing had no effect on future performance on post-concussion baseline neurocognitive testing.
Examining the Relationship between Biopsychosocial History and Clinical Profiles Following Concussion
Authors: Emami K , Sufrinko A M , Collins M W , Kontos A P , Rossi E A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To determine if clinical risk factors (e.g., migraine history, motion sickness, concussion history) place an individual at risk for specific clinical profiles (e.g., posttraumatic migraine, vestibular) designated by a clinician following concussion.

Methods
Fifty (22M; 28F) symptomatic, concussed patients (17.02±3.14 years old) were evaluated within 21days post-injury. Demographics and medical history were obtained, including history of migraine, motion sickness, ADHD, learning disability (LD), oculomotor disorder, psychiatric diagnoses, and prior concussion. The presence of each clinical profile was determined by a clinician, based on synthesis of evaluation findings, including neurocognitive testing, symptom report, and vestibular/oculomotor screening results. Chi-square analyses were used to explore associations between risk factors and clinical profile post-injury.

Results
Chi-square analyses found that female sex was associated with increased odds (OR=5.25,95% CI[1.55, 17.77]) of vestibular clinical profile, X2(1, n=50)=7.55, p=.006. History of concussion was associated with increased odds (OR=7.10,95%CI[1.39,35.87]) of the PTM profile (X2[1, n=50]=6.56, p=.01) and increased odds (OR=9.85,95%CI[1.00,96.67]) of anxiety/mood profile (X2 1, n=50]=5.24, p=.022. Further, history of motion sickness was associated with increased odds OR=10.2,95%CI[1.2,86.69] of the PTM profile (X2[1, n=50]=6.11, p=.013). No other relationships were found.

Conclusion
Some clinical risk factors were associated with post-injury clinical profiles consistent with prior literature, while others were not. For example, females were more likely to have a vestibular profile. While motion sickness was associated with PTM, history of migraine was not. Concussion history, which has inconsistent findings for re-injury outcomes, was associated with increased likelihood of PTM and anxiety/mood profiles. Findings add to the literature supporting relationships among risk factors and clinical outcomes.
Dynamic Reaction Time: Jumping into the Future of Concussion Management
Authors: Johnson R S , Lempke L B , Schmidt J D , Lynall R C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the relationship between reaction time (RT) on a commonly used post-concussion computerized neurocognitive assessment and dynamic RT during sport-like movements, with and without a cognitive task.

Methods
Fourteen healthy individuals (7 females; age=22.3±2.5yrs, height=169.1±14.0cm, mass=71.1±16.8kg) completed a computerized Stroop task (CNS Vital Signs), where the individual presses the space bar when the color of the word does not match the word, and two dynamic RT tasks (jump landing [4 trials], anticipated cutting [8 trials]). Dynamic RT tasks were performed with (dual-task) and without (single-task) a cognitive task (subtracting by 6’s or 7’s). Participants jumped off of a 30cm box and then either performed a maximum vertical jump landing or an anticipated cut at 45. Dynamic RT, recorded using high-speed 3D-motion capture (Qualisys), was the average time (seconds) between visual stimulus and when participants’ sacrum moved >3cm in the sagittal or transverse plane. Pearson correlation coefficients (α=0.05) were calculated between all RT measures.

Results
Stroop RT (0.67±0.01s) was not significantly correlated with jump landing single-task (p=0.45; r=0.22), jump landing dual-task (p=0.10; r=0.45), anticipated cutting single-task (p=0.7; r=0.11), or anticipated cutting dual-task (p=0.85; r=0.06) RTs. We found positive correlations between all single- and dual-task dynamic RTs (p=.03, r=.56).

Conclusion
Stroop RT was not correlated with dynamic RTs, which may more closely reflect RT associated with sport participation. Commonly used computerized RT assessments may not fully represent the dynamic RT athletes need in sport tasks. Further investigation is warranted in order to develop the most appropriate RT assessments for post-concussion return-to-play.
How Accurate are Concussed College Athlete’s Self-reported Balance Problems?
Authors: DaCosta A , Fasciana M , Crane A , LoGalbo A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) has been determined to be a reliable and valid measure of balance performance (Bell et al., 2011). Previous research indicates self-reported balance difficulties and postural stability are positively correlated (Broglio et al., 2009). Furthermore, athletes exhibit an increase in errors on the BESS following a concussion (McCrea et al., 2004).

Methods
68 collegiate athletes (age 18-23; M=19.62, SD=1.44) received baseline, post-concussion, and follow-up evaluations. Balance performance was measured via the BESS on the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool-5th edition (SCAT5), while symptom reporting was measured by the SCAT5 and ImPACT neurocognitive testing.

Results
Multiple simple linear regressions were conducted, suggesting that changes in BESS performance from baseline to post-trauma significantly predicted self-report of “balance problems” at post-trauma on ImPACT (F(1, 66)=11.94, p=.001; R2=.15) and SCAT5 (F(1, 66)=5.73, p=.02; R2=.08). While baseline BESS errors were significantly correlated with post-trauma BESS errors (r=.29, p=.02), BESS errors at post-trauma did not significantly predict self-reporting of balance problems on either assessment.

Conclusion
Results suggest that self-reported balance difficulties following a concussion are an indicator of change in intraindividual balance performance, but not post-trauma balance performance alone. Furthermore, it provides clinical context as the individuals’ perception of change may be greater, impacting the likelihood of self-reporting of balance problems at post-trauma. These results support the clinical utility of examining pre- and post-injury changes in balance by including balance measurements in pre-participation baseline testing.
Safety and Effectiveness of VYC-17.5L for Long-Term Correction of Nasolabial Folds
Authors: Dayan Steven , Maas Corey S , Grimes Pearl E , Beer Kenneth , Monheit Gary , Snow Sean , Murphy Diane K , Lin Vince 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Juvéderm Vollure XC (VYC-17.5L; Allergan plc, Dublin, Ireland) belongs to a family of hyaluronic acid gels based on the Vycross technology platform.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Vollure for correction of moderate to severe nasolabial folds (NLFs) over 18 months and after repeat treatment.

Methods
In this prospective, randomized study, patients (N = 123) received initial/touch-up treatment with Vollure in 1 NLF and control filler in the contralateral NLF. Patients received optional repeat treatment with Vollure after month 12, 15, or 18. Assessments included investigator-rated NLF Severity Scale responder rates (≥1-point improvement vs baseline), patient-assessed Appraisal of Nasolabial Folds scale of the FACE-Q questionnaire, and patient satisfaction (11-point scale).

Results
Median volume of Vollure injected was 1.7 mL for initial/touch-up treatment combined and 0.6 mL for repeat treatment. The NLF Severity Scale responder rates were 93%, 85%, and 59% at months 6, 9, and 18 after initial/touch-up treatment and increased to 94% at 1 month after repeat treatment. Mean patient-reported FACE-Q scores significantly improved from baseline at all timepoints. Most patients were very satisfied with treatment at all timepoints from day 3 (75%) through month 18 (68%) and at 1 month after repeat treatment (94%). Common injection site responses after initial/touch-up and repeat treatment were firmness, swelling, and tenderness to touch; most were mild/moderate.

Conclusions
Vollure was safe and effective for correction of moderate to severe NLFs, with results lasting 18 months in 59% of NLFs. Repeat treatment required one-third of the injection volume to achieve similar improvement in NLF severity as initial/touch-up treatment.

Level of Evidence: 2
Human recreation reduces clutch size in great tits Parus major regardless of risk-taking personality
Authors: Hutfluss A , Dingemanse N J 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecreation negatively affects wildlife by influencing animal behavior vital to reproduction and survival. Such nonconsumptive effects of perceived predation risk are mainly studied in ground-breeding birds. However, if antipredator responses characterize bird species generally, so should nonconsumptive effects of perceived predation associated with human recreation. Moreover, as individuals consistently differ in behaviors linked to antipredator responses, they should also differ in responses to recreation, with bolder birds being less affected. To test this key prediction, we quantified effects of human recreation pressure on a cavity-breeding passerine. We uniquely quantified human recreation pressure over a substantial (8-year) period within 12 nest box populations of the great tit Parus major, assayed annually for reproductive parameters. We detected considerable spatial variation in recreation pressure. In plots with high recreation pressure, we found strong support for birds breeding further away from highly frequented paths and birds producing smaller clutches; we also found moderate support for birds producing fewer fledglings. These detrimental effects did not vary with behavioral proxies of an individual’s risk-taking phenotype (exploratory activity). This implies that effects of recreation pressure apply to the average bird, and extend to species (like forest birds) not previously considered.
COX2 is induced in the ovarian epithelium during ovulatory wound repair and promotes cell survival†
Authors: Carter Lauren E , Cook David P , Collins Olga , Gamwell Lisa F , Dempster Holly A , Wong Howard W , McCloskey Curtis W , Garson Ken , Vuong Nhung H , Vanderhyden Barbara C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is a monolayer of cells surrounding the ovary that is ruptured during ovulation. After ovulation, the wound is repaired, however, this process is poorly understood. In epithelial tissues, wound repair is mediated by an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGFβ1) is a cytokine commonly known to induce an EMT and is present throughout the ovarian microenvironment. We, therefore, hypothesized that TGFβ1 induces an EMT in OSE cells and activates signaling pathways important for wound repair.
Treating primary cultures of mouse OSE cells with TGFβ1 induced an EMT mediated by TGFβRI signaling. The transcription factor Snail was the only EMT-associated transcription factor increased by TGFβ1 and, when overexpressed, was shown to increase OSE cell migration. A polymerase chain reaction array of TGFβ signaling targets determined Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) to be most highly induced by TGFβ1. Constitutive Cox2 expression modestly increased migration and robustly enhanced cell survival, under stress conditions similar to those observed during wound repair. The increase in Snail and Cox2 expression with TGFβ1 was reproduced in human OSE cultures, suggesting these responses are conserved between mouse and human. Finally, the induction of Cox2 expression in OSE cells during ovulatory wound repair was shown in vivo, suggesting TGFβ1 increases Cox2 to promote wound repair by enhancing cell survival. These data support that TGFβ1 promotes ovulatory wound repair by induction of an EMT and activation of a COX2-mediated pro-survival pathway. Understanding ovulatory wound repair may give insight into why ovulation is the primary non-hereditary risk factor for ovarian cancer.
Threshold-Dependent Gene Drives in the Wild: Spread, Controllability, and Ecological Uncertainty
Authors: Backus Gregory A , Delborne Jason A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGene drive technology could allow the intentional spread of a desired gene throughout an entire wild population in relatively few generations. However, there are major concerns that gene drives could either fail to spread or spread without restraint beyond the targeted population. One potential solution is to use more localized threshold-dependent drives, which only spread when they are released in a population above a critical frequency. However, under certain conditions, small changes in gene drive fitness could lead to divergent outcomes in spreading behavior. In the face of ecological uncertainty, the inability to estimate gene drive fitness in a real-world context could prove problematic because gene drives designed to be localized could spread to fixation in neighboring populations if ecological conditions unexpectedly favor the gene drive. This perspective offers guidance to developers and managers because navigating gene drive spread and controllability could be risky without detailed knowledge of ecological contexts.
Controlling Drug Users: Forms of Power and Behavioural Regulation in Drug Treatment Services
Authors: Bacon Matthew , Seddon Toby 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article examines the control practices used in drug treatment services to regulate the behaviour of people with drug problems. Drawing on an extensive qualitative study, we developed a conceptual framework, integrating the notion of responsive regulation with Wrong’s sociology of power. The picture that emerges is of a complex ‘web of controls’, combining diverse forms of power and control techniques, used to steer action and shape behavioural outcomes. It is argued that we can understand these control practices within drug treatment as part of broader strategies for the social regulation of the poor, built on deep-rooted hybrids of punishment and welfare. The article concludes with the suggestion that drug treatment represents an important site for understanding penal power today.
Geometric morphometrics of corolla shape in Campanula (Campanulaceae) from Cabo Verde archipelago
Authors: Gardere Mathieu L , Dubuisson Jean-Yves , Muller Serge , Savriama Yoland 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the Cabo Verde archipelago, Campanula spp. (bellflowers) are currently represented by four endemic species restricted to mountainous islands (C. bravensis, C. feijoana, C. hortelensis and C. jacobaea), all of which are known for high floral polymorphism. Diagnostic features of the corolla often differ from original descriptions, bringing into question their taxonomic delimitation. Based on the variations in the corolla shape observed during fieldwork, eight morphogeographical entities were distinguished among the taxa in the archipelago. Geometric morphometrics was used to quantify and examine these floral variations. Corolla morphology of 221 photographed flowers was captured by 2D landmarks and semi-landmarks configurations and analysed with canonical variate analysis. The results show agreement between morphological groupings and their geographical ranges. For most entities, the geographical origin may be determined with accurate morphological examination of the flower. In this case, the corolla shape proves to be a taxonomically discriminant trait. Furthermore, the terminology used until now to characterize these different floral forms is discussed. The present study contributes significantly to clarifying the floral polymorphism in Cabo Verdean Campanula and suggests that taxonomic revision of this group is necessary.