bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rothman Index: Assessing risk for 30-day readmission in gynecologic oncology service patients
Authors: Butz Anh T. , El Alam Michel , Irvin Jr. William P. , Stovall Dale W. 
Published: April 2019

Background: The Rothman Index (RI) is a previously validated, continuously computed score derived from 26 clinical measures that assesses a patient's clinical status. It has been used as a prognostic indicator in the intensive care setting and has been incorporated into the electronic medical record. This study was designed to determine its utility in assessing 30-day readmission rates in postoperative gynecologic oncology service patients. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, gynecologic oncology service surgical patients readmitted within 30 days of discharge (cases) were matched 1:2 by procedure, diagnosis, age and comorbidities to non-readmitted gynecologic oncology surgical patients (controls). All procedures were performed at one center by a single surgeon. Rothman Index values were obtained immediately postoperative (RIp) and before discharge (RId), and the difference between these values was calculated (RIc). Rothman Index scores were compared between cases and controls. Results: In total, 24 cases were matched to 48 controls. The mean age of all study participants was 56 years. The RId was significantly different between groups, with median RId of 70 for readmitted subjects and 75.5 for controls (P = .029). Binomial regression of readmission on RI revealed an RId of 58.9 or less was associated with at least 50% likelihood of readmission (P = .017). Cases and controls did not significantly differ based on RIp or RIc, and were similar with respect to risk factors including diabetes, smoking, and BMI. Conclusion: Delaying discharge for patients with RI below a designated threshold may reduce gynecologic oncology postoperative readmission rates.
Switchen onder de Wwz
Authors: Görgün Anna , de Vroe Bart 
Published: April 2019

Switchen onder de Wwz
In het arrest Dibbets/Pinckers (1994) is door de Hoge Raad voor het eerst bevestigd dat een werknemer het recht heeft om te “switchen” van een reeds ingeroepen vernietiging van het ontslag naar een schadevergoeding. Al voor de inwerkingtreding van de Wet werk en zekerheid (“Wwz”) is de vraag gesteld of er na inwerkingtreding van de Wwz nog plaats is voor die bestendige switch-praktijk. In deze bijdrage wordt de grondslag voor de switch na inwerkingtreding van de Wwz en de uitwerking daarvan in de praktijk in beeld gebracht.
Vazba a možnosti elektronické kontroly obviněného
Authors: Vicherek Roman 
Published: April 2019

V září 2018 byla konečně fakticky spuštěna elektronická kontrola prostřednictvím elektronického monitorovacího systému. Kromě kontroly trestu domácího vězení, ke kterému je elektronická kontrola primárně určená, je možné tuto kontrolu využít i jako omezení, které zpřísní opatřením nahrazující vazbu podle § 73 odst. 4 TrŘ. Právě možnost, nebo spíše nemožnost využití elektronické kontroly k nahrazení vazby v přípravném řízení se ukázala jako problematická. Na tuto situaci a první postřehy, které vyplynuly při konzultacích mezi soudci, státními zástupci a PMS, poukazuje tento článek.
Vedlejší intervence a opravné prostředky v civilním řízení
Authors: Lavická Petra 
Published: April 2019

Česká právní úprava umožňuje vedlejšímu intervenientovi podat odvolání za podmínek stanovených v § 203 občanského soudního řádu, stejně tak může podle § 231 občanského soudního řádu podat žalobu na obnovu řízení nebo žalobu pro zmatečnost. Ohledně přípustnosti dovolání bylo judikováno Nejvyšším soudem, že vedlejší intervenient není osobou oprávněnou k podání dovolání ve věci samé (R 3/04). Článek se proto zabývá analýzou, zda tento závěr obstojí, a to také ve srovnání se zahraniční právní úpravou. V příspěvku bude rovněž pojednáno o rozdělení výjimečné intervence na pravidelnou a výjimečnou.
The effect of mixed cultivars plantings on pest abundance and grain yields in rice
Authors: Dewi Azri Kusuma , Triwidodo Hermanu , Chozin Muhammad Achmad , Aswidinnoor Hajrial 
Published: April 2019

A field study was carried out to assess the effects of mixed cultivar plantings on grain yields and on the abundance of pests in rice. Increasing plantation species diversity through cultivar mixtures is often claimed to decrease pest problems while stabilizing or even increasing yield, but the effects on pest abundance of planting rice cultivar mixtures in Indonesia have not been extensively studied. We tested for changes in pest abundance in experimental plots planted with five genetically distinct rice cultivars, combined in two different mixture arrangements (seed mix and row mix). These mixes were cultivated in lowland paddy areas, in replicated randomized block designs, during two growing seasons. Pest abundance was measured weekly in all plots, and rice yields were measured at harvest time. The results showed that the average abundance of pests was reduced in plots planted with cultivar mixes, compared to those planted with monocrops comprised of each of the component cultivars. Plots planted with the seed mix showed consistently reduced brown plant-hopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)) abundance compared to monocrops in each growing season, with a relative reduction in pest abundance of 29.83% at the end of season 1 and 6.61% at the end of season 2, respectively. Plots planted with the row mix consistently showed decreased stem borer abundance compared to monocrops in each growing season, with a relative reduction in pest abundance of 100% at the end of season 1 and 1.4% at the end of season 2, respectively. In terms of yield, plant height proved to be a consistent yield component character, correlating positively with plant yield for both seed mix and row mix in both growing seasons. Our results showed higher average yields –and plant heights--for the mixed genotype plots compared to pure genotype stands in 2013. We found a greater relative increase in the yield of seed mix plots than row mix, measuring 7.26% and 4.63%, respectively in 2013. Among the two types of mixtures, seed mix showed higher overall grain yield. Our findings suggest that rice farmers can both increase yield and decrease pest abundance by planting cultivar mixes.
Diagnostic Significance of Beclin-1 and Transforming Growth Factor β in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mahmoud Elshaer Shereen Saeid , Rashed Laila Ahmed , Abdel Hamid Mona Mohammed 
Published: April 2019

Background: The main cause of cancer deaths amongst women breast cancer remains a clinical and social challenge, and a serious public health problem. On a worldwide level, it continues to be a devastating disorder.BECN1 is a tumor suppressor gene implicated in the initiation of autophagy. It encodes beclin-1 protein that inhibits cancer growth. There is wide disputation concerning its role in initiation, promotion of tumor and predictive importance of autophagic molecules. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) induces process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) keeping, epithelial cells more motile and invasive resulting in cancer progression and metastasis.
Aim: Detection of beclin-1 expression level in metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients and study its role in tumorigenesis of breast cancer through attainable association with the inflammatory cytokine, TGF-β.
Methods: Expression levels of beclin-1 and TGF-β were assessed in 70 breast cancer female patients and 20 controls using quantitative real-time PCR.
Results: Beclin-1 expression levels as well as TGF-β were significantly higher in metastatic breast cancer patients and non-metastatic patients compared to controls. Positive correlation was found between beclin-1 expression level and TGF-β expression level in breast cancer patients.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that over-expression of both beclin-1 and TGF-β was associated with aggressive clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients and tumor growth. These findings suggest that beclin-1 and TGF-β are associated with tumorigenesis of breast cancer.
Accessing the Hypoglycemic Effects of Seed Extract from Celery (Apium graveolens) in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Mans Kamal , Aburjai Talal 
Published: April 2019

Aims: The present study is aimed to evaluate the potential mechanism of antidiabetic action of seed extract celery (Apium graveolens) and its effects on some hematological and biochemical parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Study Design: Laboratory-experimental design was used in this study.
Methodology: This study was conducted on fifty experimental animals. Adult albino rats (Sprague-Dawely strain) weighing about 220 g each were used throughout the study. Fifty rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups of 10 rats each: Group 1 - received normal saline (0.5 ml/kg), and serves as control. Group II - gavaged daily for thirty days with 1ml of the extract at doses of 425 mg/kg body wt and served as control. Group III - Untreated diabetic rats that received two doses of alloxan 150 mg/kg. Group IV - Treated diabetic rats for thirty consecutive days with 1 ml of the extract at a dose of 425 mg/kg body wt. Group V: Treated diabetic rats for thirty consecutive days with 14.2 mg/kg of metformin. Several hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed.
Results: It was found that the administration of ethanol extract of A. graveolens produced significant reduction in blood glucose level in diabetic rats after thirty days of treatment. However, there was a significant (P=.05) increase of insulin secretion. Also, the RBC and WBC count, PCV and neutrophil percentage decreased significantly (P=.05). This study indicated that the ethanol extract increased the RBC and WBC counts, PCV, ESR, and neutrophil percentage in diabetic rats. However, the WBC count of the extract - treated diabetic group was still lower than those of control values. Administration of the extract resulted in a significant reduction in the mean values of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, ESR, urea, uric acid, creatinine accompanied by an increase in the mean values of total protein, albumin, insulin, HDL-C, neutrophile count and PCV in diabetic rats. No significant changes in these parameters were found in the control group. Effects produced by this extract were closely similar to a standard antidiabetic drug, metformin. (p<0.05) hypoglycemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, protection against body weight loss of diabetic animals and might alleviate diabetes-induced disturbances of some biochemical and hematological parameters.
Conclusion: our study was dedicated to monitoring changes in the lipid profile.
Copper–Nickel Nitride Nanosheets as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Hydrazine‐Assisted Electrolytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Xu Lin , Huang Fuzhi , Qu Longbing , Li Jiantao , Owusu Kwadwo Asare , Liu Ziang , Lin Zifeng , Xiang Binhua , Liu Xiong , Zhao Kangning , Liao Xiaobin , Yang Wei , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Mai Liqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is one of the sustainable and promising strategies to generate hydrogen fuel but still remains a great challenge because of the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A very effective approach to dramatically decrease the input cell voltage of water electrolysis is to replace the anodic OER with hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) due to its lower thermodynamic oxidation potential. Therefore, developing the low‐cost and efficient HzOR catalysts, coupled with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is tremendously important for energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen production. Herein, a new‐type of copper–nickel nitride (Cu1Ni2‐N) with rich Cu4N/Ni3N interface is rationally constructed on carbon fiber cloth. The 3D electrode exhibits extraordinary HER performance with an overpotential of 71.4 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH, simultaneously delivering an ultralow potential of 0.5 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HzOR in a 1.0 m KOH/0.5 m hydrazine electrolyte. Moreover, the electrolytic cell utilizing the synthesized Cu1Ni2‐N electrode as both the cathode and anode display a cell voltage of 0.24 V at 10 mA cm−2 with an excellent stability over 75 h. The present work develops the promising copper–nickel‐based nitride as a bifunctional electrocatalyst through hydrazine‐assistance for energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen production.
Catalytic Strategies to Convert 2‐Halopyridines to 2‐Alkylpyridines
Authors: Blackburn J. Miles , Roizen Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOver the past decade, improvements in synthetic technologies have increased the feasibility and practicality of the preparation of 2‐alkylpyridines from 2‐halopyridines. Advances in iron‐, nickel, and palladium‐catalysis have increased efficiency in the access of 2‐alkylpyridines with traditional cross‐coupling approaches. Additionally, the emergence of cross‐electrophile coupling reactions and photoredox catalysis strategies have proven to be enabling technologies for the synthesis of 2‐alkylpyridines. Nevertheless, these developments reveal remaining opportunities for more efficient, mild, and straightforward methods to access a broader range of 2‐alkylpyridines from 2‐halopyridines.
Helical side chain chemistry of a peptoid‐based SP‐C analogue: Balancing structural rigidity and biomimicry
Authors: Brown Nathan J. , Lin Jennifer S. , Barron Annelise E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSurfactant protein C (SP‐C) is an important constituent of lung surfactant (LS) and, along with SP‐B, is included in exogenous surfactant replacement therapies for treating respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). SP‐C's biophysical activity depends upon the presence of a rigid C‐terminal helix, of which the secondary structure is more crucial to functionality than precise side‐chain chemistry. SP‐C is highly sequence‐conserved, suggesting that the β‐branched, aliphatic side chains of the helix are also important. Nonnatural mimics of SP‐C were created using a poly‐N‐substituted glycine, or “peptoid,” backbone. The mimics included varying amounts of α‐chiral, aliphatic side chains and α‐chiral, aromatic side chains in the helical region, imparting either biomimicry or structural rigidity. Biophysical studies confirmed that the peptoids mimicked SP‐C's secondary structure and replicated many of its surface‐active characteristics. Surface activity was optimized by incorporating both structurally rigid and biomimetic side chain chemistries in the helical region indicating that both characteristics are important for activity. By balancing these features in one mimic, a novel analogue was created that emulates SP‐C's in vitro surface activity while overcoming many of the challenges related to natural SP‐C. Peptoid‐based analogues hold great potential for use in a synthetic, biomimetic LS formulation for treating RDS.
Vitamin D3 enhances the response to cisplatin in bladder cancer through VDR and TAp73 signaling crosstalk
Authors: Bunch Brittany L. , Ma Yingyu , Attwood Kristopher , Amable Lauren , Luo Wei , Morrison Carl , Guru Khurshid A. , Woloszynska‐Read Anna , Hershberger Pamela A. , Trump Donald L. , Johnson Candace S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D3 (VitD) deficiency is linked to increased incidence and worse survival in bladder cancer (BCa). In addition to cystectomy, patients are treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy, however 30%‐50% of patients do not benefit from this treatment. The effects of VitD deficiency on response to chemotherapy remain unknown.MethodsTo test effects of VitD supplementation on the response to cisplatin we analyzed patient serum VitD levels and correlated that with survival. In vivo, VitD deficient mice were treated with cisplatin, with or without pretreatment with the active VitD metabolite, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3). Lastly, using BCa cell lines, T24 and RT‐112, the mechanism of action of 1,25D3 and cisplatin combination treatment was determined by apoptosis assays, as well as western blot and RT‐PCR.ResultsIn this study, we determined that low serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3) levels was significantly associated with worse response to cisplatin. Pretreating deficient mice with 1,25D3, reduced tumor volume compared to cisplatin monotherapy. In vitro, 1,25D3 pretreatment increased the apoptotic response to cisplatin. 1,25D3 pretreatment increased expression of TAp73 and its pro‐apoptotic targets, in a VDR dependent manner. VDR and its transcriptional targets were induced after 1,25D3 treatment and further increased after the combination of 1,25D3 and cisplatin in a TAp73 dependent manner.ConclusionsOur data suggest that VitD deficiency could be a biomarker for poor response to cisplatin, and pretreating with VitD can increase the apoptotic response to cisplatin through VDR and TAp73 signaling crosstalk.
A three‐leg resonant converter for two output LED lighting application with independent control
Authors: Ch Kasi Ramakrishnareddy , Porpandiselvi Shunmugam , Vishwanathan Neti 
Published: April 2019

SummaryA three‐leg resonant converter is proposed to drive two light emitting diode (LED) lamps of different power ratings. This may be required when both main and local lighting are essential. The proposed converter is operated simultaneously at two different frequencies. Two series resonant circuits are used to allow two different frequency currents. Each lamp is powered through a series resonant circuit and is controlled independently. LED lamp currents are regulated at the desired operating current by using phase‐modulation control and asymmetrical duty ratio control. In addition, pulse‐width modulation (PWM) dimming control is implemented for two LED lamps independently. The proposed topology has advantages of zero‐voltage switching (ZVS), regulation of lamp currents, independent illumination control, and high efficiency. A 126‐W prototype has been developed experimentally to confirm its working principle, performance, and validity.
microRNA‐30a inhibits the liver cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by targeting SOCS‐1 in rats with sepsis
Authors: Yuan Feng‐Hua , Chen You‐Lian , Zhao Ying , Liu Zhen‐Mi , Nan Chuan‐Chuan , Zheng Biao‐Lin , Liu Xue‐Yan , Chen Xiao‐Yin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSepsis is a systemic inflammatory response that may be induced by trauma, infection, surgery, and burns. With the aim of discovering novel treatment targets for sepsis, this current study was conducted to investigate the effect and potential mechanism by which microRNA‐30a (miR‐30a) controls sepsis‐induced liver cell proliferation and apoptosis. Rat models of sepsis were established by applying the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method to simulate sepsis models. The binding site between miR‐30a and suppressor of cytokine signaling protein 1 (SOCS‐1) was determined by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The gain‐of‐and‐loss‐of‐function experiments were applied to analyze the effects of miR‐30a and SOCS‐1 on liver cell proliferation and apoptosis of the established sepsis rat models. The expression of miR‐30a, SOCS‐1, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Bcl‐2 associated X protein (Bax), B cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), and high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and the extent of JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation were all determined. Sepsis led to an elevation of miR‐30a and also a decline of SOCS‐1 in the liver cells. SOCS‐1 was negatively regulated by miR‐30a. Upregulated miR‐30a and downregulated SOCS‐1 increased the expression of JAK2, STAT3, Bax, TLR4, and HMGB1 as well as the extent of JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation whereas impeding the expression of SOCS‐1 and Bcl‐2. More important, either miR‐30a elevation or SOCS‐1 silencing suppressed liver cell proliferation and also promoted apoptosis. On the contrary, the inhibition of miR‐30a exhibited the opposite effects. Altogether, we come to the conclusion that miR‐30a inhibited the liver cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis by targeting and negatively regulating SOCS‐1 via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in rats with sepsis.
One functional variant in the 3′‐untranslated region of TLR4 is associated with the elevated risk of ventilator‐associated pneumonia in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyun , Feng Jihong , Zhang Li , Zhao Fang , Li Meifeng , Du Ying , Li Yuechuan , Wu Qi , Li Guanhua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the association polymorphism (rs11536889) in the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of Toll‐like receptors 4 (TLR4) and the risk for ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP). miRNA database online and luciferase assays were used to validate TLR4 as the target gene of miR‐1236. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis and western blot were used to analyze the level of TLR4 in different genotype groups. In the present study, miR‐1236 was predicted to bind to the rs11536889 G allele rather than the rs11536889 C allele, which was further confirmed by the luciferase activity suppressed by a fragment of 3′‐UTR containing the rs11536889 G allele induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Bronchial epithelial cells isolated from participants genotyped as GG, GC, and CC, with no remarkable difference in TLR4 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were observed among these genotype groups. After stimulating by LPS, a TLR4 ligand, the CC‐genotyped cells expressed higher levels of IL‐8, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) on their surfaces than cells with the other genotypes. Finally, the western blot analysis results showed that the expression level of IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α protein was much higher in the CC group than the GC and GG groups subsequent to stimulation by LPS, and the IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α protein levels in the GC were grouped much lower compared with the GG group. These findings indicated the regulatory association of miR‐1236 with TLR4 and the abnormal expression of TLR4 caused by the presence of rs11536889 in the 3′‐UTR of mRNA, which interfere with its interaction with the miR‐1236, contributing to the risk of VAP.
Immune effects of glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway in protecting against bacterial infection
Authors: Li Yan , Jia Anna , Wang Yuexin , Dong Lin , Wang Yufei , He Ying , Wang Shiyao , Cao Yejin , Yang Hui , Bi Yujing , Liu Guangwei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe metabolism of immune cells reprograms inflammatory responses to protect against infection by pathogenic microorganisms, but the immune effects of glycolysis and the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic pathway remain unclear. Herein, the effects of glycolysis or OXPHOS on the neutrophils and T cells were investigated using a pharmacological approach in mice. 2‐Deoxy‐d‐glucose (2‐DG), which blocks the key enzyme hexokinase of glycolysis, and dimethyl malonate (DMM), which blocks the key element succinate of OXPHOS, both efficiently expanded the population of neutrophils, but significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor a secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These compounds also effectively inhibited the differentiation of type 1 T helper cells (Th1) but had no effects on the differentiation of type 2 T helper cells (Th2) and regulatory T cells. A study of the underlying mechanism showed that hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF1α) was an upstream signal in the regulation of glycolysis, but not OXPHOS. In thioglycolate broth‐induced neutrophil peritonitis, blockade of glycolysis or OXPHOS efficiently expanded the population of neutrophils, but diminished their abilities to secrete proinflammatory factors, produce ROS, and phagocytose bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes bacteria‐infected mice, 2‐DG or DMM treatment consistently inhibited antibacterial activity and Th1 function. Thus, our results provide a basis for comprehensively understanding the role of glycolysis and OXPHOS in anti‐infectious immunity.