bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Study on Computer Vision-Assisted Cell Bank Construction and Screening & Classification
Authors: Yanmin Feng , Hanlong Chen , Xue Bai , Yuanyuan Chen , Yuguo Dai , Lin Feng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractComputer vision technology plays an important role in screening and culturing cells. This paper proposes a method to construct a helper cell library based on cell image segmentation and screening. Firstly, cell culture and image acquisition were carried out. The main content is to use laboratory conditions to carry out different cell types. Through careful observation of the whole process of cell proliferation and passage, the representative pictures of different stages were taken. Analysis and summary of the relevant morphology, texture, color characteristics. Secondly, computer vision technology is used to segment cells and extract the main features such as cell perimeter and area. Explore the automatic information extraction method of cell bank, and complete the image segmentation of individual cell image from the whole picture. Finally, the cells were screened and identified. Investigate different pattern recognition methods and neural network structures, and prepare pictures of various cell pictures. The corresponding neural network and prediction program are constructed. This paper proposes an automatic image processing method for each image category in cell culture cycle, which improves the automation of production process. At the same time, compared with the design of a single algorithm for a certain type of cell, different algorithm design ideas are proposed for three types of pictures with different characteristics, which is closer to the dynamic change of cell morphology in the process of cell culture. This research has important application prospects in promoting cell factory research, cell bank construction and automatic screening.
Cell Population Effects in a Mouse Tauopathy Model Identified by Single Cell Sequencing
Authors: Lisi Véronique , Luna Gabriel , Apostolaki Angeliki , Giroux Michel , Kosik Kenneth S 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeurodegenerative disorders are complex multifactorial diseases that have poorly understood selective vulnerabilities among discrete cell populations. We performed single cell RNA sequencing of whole hippocampi from the rTg4510 mouse tauopathy model, which expresses a P301L MAPT mutation at two time points—before and after the onset of pathology. One population of neurons showed a robust size reduction in both the young and the old transgenic animals. Differential expression of genes expressed in this group of neurons suggested an enrichment in granule cell neurons. We identified genes that characterize this population of neurons using Pareto optimization of the specificity and precision of gene pairs for the population of interest. The resulting optimal marker genes were overwhelmingly associated with neuronal projections and their expression was enriched in the dentate gyrus suggesting that the rTg4510 mouse is a good model for Pick’s disease. This observation suggested that the tau mutation affects the population of neurons associated with neuronal projections even before overt tau inclusions can be observed. Out of the optimal pairs of genes identified as markers of the population of neurons of interest, we selected Purkinje cell protein 4 (Pcp4+) and Syntaxin binding protein 6 (Stxbp6+) for experimental validation. Single-molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed preferential expression of these markers and localized them to the dentate gyrus.
A de novo chromosome-level genome assembly of Coregonus sp. “Balchen”: one representative of the Swiss Alpine whitefish radiation
Authors: De-Kayne Rishi , Zoller Stefan , Feulner Philine G. D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSalmonids are of particular interest to evolutionary biologists due to their incredible diversity of life-history strategies and the speed at which many salmonid species have diversified. In Switzerland alone, over 30 species of Alpine whitefish from the subfamily Coregoninae have evolved since the last glacial maximum, with species exhibiting a diverse range of morphological and behavioural phenotypes. This, combined with the whole genome duplication which occurred in the ancestor of all salmonids, makes the Alpine whitefish radiation a particularly interesting system in which to study the genetic basis of adaptation and speciation and the impacts of ploidy changes and subsequent rediploidization on genome evolution. Although well curated genome assemblies exist for many species within the Salmonidae family, genomic resources for the subfamily Coregoninae are lacking.FindingsPacBio sequencing from one wild caught Coregonus sp. “Balchen” from Lake Thun was carried out to ∼90x coverage. PacBio reads were assembled independently using three different assemblers, Falcon, Canu and wtdbg2 and subsequently scaffolded with additional Hi-C data. All three assemblies are of high quality based on standard metrics, and when comparing the assemblies to a previously published linkage map and when mapping additional short-read data (∼30x Illumina data) to it.ConclusionsHere, we present the first de novo genome assembly for the Salmonid subfamily Coregoninae. Our final wtdbg2 reference sequence was assembled into 40 chromosome-scale scaffolds with a total length of 2.2Gb, an N50 of 51.9Mb and was 93.3% complete for BUSCOs. It comprised of ∼52% TEs and contained 46,397 genes.
Socioeconomic inequality in catastrophic healthcare expenditures in Western Iran
Authors: Rezaei Satar , Hajizadeh Mohammad , Ahmadi Sina , Sedghi Sadaf , Piroozi Bakhtiar , Mohamadi-Bolbanabad Amjad , Homaie Rad Enayatollah 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Financial protection of households against catastrophic healthcare expenditure (CHE) is defined as one of the main goals in health systems. The purpose of this paper is to measure and decompose socioeconomic inequality in CHE among households in Kermanshah province, Western of Iran.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,188 households in 2017. Data were extracted from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey which is conducted by the Statistical Center of Iran. The CHE is defined as household healthcare expenditure greater than or equal to the 40 percent of household’s “capacity to pay.” The concentration curve and the Wagstaff (W) and Erreygers (E) indexes were used to illustrate and measure the extent of socioeconomic inequality in CHE. In addition, the authors decomposed the W and E indexes to identify the main determinants of socioeconomic inequality in CHE.

Findings
The results indicated that the prevalence of CHE among households was 4.12 percent (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.13 to 5.42 percent). The estimated value of the W and E indexes were −0.2849 (95% CI: −0.4493 to −0.1205) and −0.0451 (95% CI: −0.0712 to −0.0190), respectively; suggesting the concentration of CHE prevalence among the poor households. Decomposition analyses indicated socioeconomic status as the most important factor contributing to the concentration of CHE among the poor. In contrast, health insurance coverage was found to increase the concentration of CHE among the rich in Iran.

Originality/value
The current study demonstrated a higher concentration of CHE among the poor households in Kermanshah province. These results call for the government’s efforts to reduce healthcare expenditure among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms through which health insurance coverage increased the probability of CHE among rich in Kermanshah province.
Managing the modernization of regional markets of educational services in the conditions of formation of Industry 4.0
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei V. , Lobova Svetlana V. , Alekseev Alexander N. , Prokofiev Vadim N. , Gimelshtein Irina V. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to substantiate the perspectives and to develop recommendations for managing digital modernization of regional markets of educational services in the conditions of formation of Industry 4.0 by the example of modern Russia.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodological basis of the research consists of the hypothetical and deductive method. The offered hypothesis of the necessity for decentralization of managing digital modernization of regional markets of educational services in the conditions of formation of Industry 4.0 is verified with the help of a complex of methods of economic statistics (econometrics), namely, the method of regression analysis and analysis of variation. The research objects are regions of modern Russia that are peculiar for the highest level of scientific and technological development (top 15 of 83 regions at the beginning of 2019), which shows their largest progress in formation of Industry 4.0. The information and empirical basis of the research consists of the materials of the report on human development in the Russian Federation “Human and Innovations”, prepared by the Analytical Center for the Government of the Russian Federation (values of the education index are taken from it), and analytical materials of the rating “Level of Development of Science and Technologies in Regions of Russia” as a result of 2018, prepared by Ria rating (values of the index of scientific and technological development are taken from it).

Findings
It is determined that regional specifics are not sufficiently considered during management of modernization of regional markets of educational services in the conditions of formation of Industry 4.0 in modern Russia. This reduces efficiency of managing digital modernization of regional markets of educational services and leads to the fact that these markets do not perform their function of infrastructural provision of Industry 4.0, slowing down the process of its formation.

Originality/value
The necessity for managing modernization of the markets of educational services in the conditions of formation of Industry 4.0 at the regional level, in view of specifics of the regional economy, is substantiated. For this, a conceptual model and recommendations for its practical application in modern Russia are offered.
Coal top detection by conductively guided borehole radar wave imaging for open cut blast‐hole drilling
Authors: Zhou Binzhong , van de Werken Matthew , Huo Jianjian 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTDamage to the top of coal seams, caused by incorrect blast stand‐off distances, results in coal losses of up to 10–15% to the Australian open cut coal mining operations. This is a serious issue to be addressed. Here we propose to use a new forward‐looking imaging technique based on the borehole radar technology to predict the coal seam top in real time while drilling blast holes. This is achieved by coupling the conventional borehole radar waves on to a steel drill rod to induce a guided wave along the axial drill rod. The drill rod ahead of the borehole radar behaves as a forward‐looking antenna for the guided waves. Both numerical modelling and field trials simulating a drill rod as an antenna are used to investigate the feasibility of the proposed technique for prediction of the coal top under typical open cut environments. Numerical modelling demonstrated that conductivity of the overburden is the most important factor affecting our ability to see coal seams ahead of the drill bit, the guided borehole radar waves could be used for top coal prediction and a theoretical prediction error less than 10 cm and a forward‐looking capability of 4–6 m can be achieved. Field trials at Australian open cut coal mines also demonstrated that guided borehole radar waves can be observed and used for prediction of coal top ahead of drill bit during blast‐hole drilling in resistive, open cut environments (the average resistivity should be higher than 75 Ωm).
A Meta‐analysis of the Willingness to Pay for Cultural Services from Grasslands in Europe
Authors: Huber Robert , Finger Robert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe investigate the willingness to pay (WTP) for cultural ecosystem services from grasslands using a meta‐analysis based on 32 eligible research papers that provide in total 79 estimates. The average WTP (corrected for purchasing power) across these studies is 38 Euros per person per year. Yet, our analysis reveals that the transfer of these results needs careful evaluation. More specifically, it is essential to frame the monetary valuation exercise in relation to the direction of grassland change. A switch from cropland to grassland reduces WTP by 90 Euros while an increase in less‐intensive land‐use in mountain regions raises WTP by 53 Euros. We conclude that for an adequate consideration of grasslands in holistic ecosystem services assessments, the direction of grassland change is important.
Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Midinfrared Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis, a Novel Approach to Monitor Maillard Reaction
Authors: Mellado‐Carretero Jorge , Kaade Wael , Ferrando Montserrat , Güell Carme , de Lamo‐Castellví Sílvia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this work was to study the potential of using infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics to monitor Maillard reaction. Sodium caseinate (NaCAS) and gum Arabic (GA) or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powders were mixed at 1:1, spray‐dried, and incubated at 60 °C and 76% of relative humidity from 0 to 72 hr. Sample infrared spectra were collected, and browning degree, conjugation efficiency, and stabilization properties of the conjugates were analyzed by spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, turbidity, and zeta potential measurements. Pairwise soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) models showed significant chemical differences among NaCAS–GA mixtures incubated for 0 (Control) and 16 hr, attributed to functional groups linked to different Maillard reaction products such as Schiff's base and pyridine compounds. Infrared spectroscopy combined with SIMCA is a powerful tool to monitor the formation of protein–polysaccharide conjugates by Maillard reaction.Practical ApplicationProtein–polysaccharide conjugates obtained by Maillard reaction are currently used as novel food emulsifiers. However, conventional methods to study this chemical reaction are time consuming or involve the use of toxic and harmful reactants. Infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis is evaluated to be used as a rapid tool to monitor Maillard reaction.
Alcohol's Dysregulation of Maternal–Fetal IL‐6 and p‐STAT3 Is a Function of Maternal Iron Status
Authors: Saini Nipun , Helfrich Kaylee K. , Kwan Sze Ting Cecilia , Huebner Shane M. , Abazi Juna , Flentke George R. , Blohowiak Sharon E. , Kling Pamela J. , Smith Susan M. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) causes long‐term growth and neurodevelopmental deficits that are worsened by maternal iron deficiency (ID). In our preclinical rat model, PAE causes fetal anemia, brain ID, and elevated hepatic iron via increased maternal and fetal hepcidin synthesis. These changes are normalized by a prenatal iron‐fortified (IF) diet. Here, we hypothesize that iron status and PAE dysregulate the major upstream pathways that govern hepcidin production—EPO/BMP6/SMAD and IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3.MethodsPregnant, Long Evans rat dams consumed ID (2 to 6 ppm iron), iron‐sufficient (IS, 100 ppm iron), or IF (500 ppm iron) diets and received alcohol (5 g/kg) or isocaloric maltodextrin daily from gestational days (GD) 13.5 to 19.5. Protein and gene expression were quantified in the 6 experimental groups at GD 20.5.ResultsPAE did not affect Epo or Bmp6 expression, but reduced p‐SMAD1/5/8/SMAD1/5/8 protein ratios in both IS and ID maternal and fetal liver (all p's < 0.01). In contrast, PAE stimulated maternal hepatic expression of Il‐6 (p = 0.03) and elevated p‐STAT3/STAT3 protein ratios in both IS and ID maternal and fetal liver (all p's < 0.02). PAE modestly elevated maternal Il‐1β, Tnf‐α, and Ifn‐γ. Fetal cytokine responses to PAE were muted compared with dams, and PAE did not affect hepatic Il‐6 (p = 0.78) in IS and ID fetuses. Dietary iron fortification sharply attenuated Il‐6 expression in response to PAE, with IF driving a 150‐fold decrease (p < 0.001) in maternal liver and a 10‐fold decrease (p < 0.01) in fetal liver. The IF diet also normalized p‐STAT3/STAT3 ratios in both maternal and fetal liver.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that alcohol‐driven stimulation of the IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway mediates the elevated hepcidin observed in the PAE dam and fetus. Normalization of these signals by IF suggests that dysregulated hepcidin is driven by alcohol's disruption of the IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Prenatal dietary IF represents a potential therapeutic approach for PAE that warrants further investigation.
International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants: A Behind the Scenes Look at the eCode
Authors: Pieters Misha 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTechnology is changing the way professional accountants work and how information is accessed. The eCode was launched in June 2019 to promote adoption, implementation and enforcement of the International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards). Digital features demonstrate the architecture of the Code and leverage technology to make access widely available to all and as user friendly as possible. This paper provides insight into why and how the International Ethics Standards Board of Accountants has dedicated significant resources to develop an eCode and highlights some of its key features to explore how technology is being used to improve access to and use of professional standards.
Students’ perceptions of the value of electronic feedback—Does disciplinary background really matter?
Authors: ElShaer Amr , Casanova Diogo , Freestone Nicholas S. , Calabrese Gianpiero 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFeedback on student work is a key mechanism for improving learning in higher education (HE) and can be provided in a variety of forms. Recently, many institutions have moved to the provision of electronic feedback, although evidence for the effectiveness of this is mixed. While many studies evaluating the students’ perception of feedback are now available, there is little evidence of contrasting perceptions of its value according to different disciplines. This work aims to evaluate the relationship between students’ expectations and perception of feedback, especially electronic, and the disciplinary area of study in HE. Students (n = 1017) across different courses from a post‐1992 university in the UK were surveyed and categorised into five disciplinary clusters: Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics; Business and Accounting; Art and Design; Media and Languages; and Psychology and Social Care. Perceived relevance as well as the most pertinent features and expectations of the quality of electronic feedback for students varies according to disciplinary cluster and thus closely aligns with a specific cluster’s learning and teaching practices. The findings of this study may help institutions to reflect on the role of electronic feedback as part of their ongoing assessment practice and how teaching in the different disciplines may result in different understandings of the value of electronic feedback.
Spanish version of the Parenting Sense of Competence scale: Evidence of reliability and validity
Authors: Oltra‐Benavent Paloma , Cano‐Climent Antoni , Oliver‐Roig Antonio , Cabrero‐García Julio , Richart‐Martínez Miguel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPerceived parenting competence influences parenting practices and is a decisive factor in child development and health. There is a lack of valid and reliable tools in Spain to measure perceived parenting competence. The objective was to adapt the Parenting Sense of Competence scale (PSOC) and analyse its psychometric properties in a sample of 600 mothers of children aged between 6 and 12 months old from Spain. The PSOC was translated into Spanish (PSOC‐E) using a standard forward‐ and back‐translation process. Internal consistency, factor structure, and comparisons between known groups and correlations with other variables were assessed. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the original two‐factor structure: satisfaction and efficacy. The PSOC‐E showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .85). Perceived parenting competence was negatively associated (P < .01) with parental depression, fatigue, and parental stress and positively associated (P < .01) with dyadic adjustment. An equivalent Spanish version of the PSOC was obtained with good evidence of reliability and validity.
The Embodied God: Core Intuitions About Person Physicality Coexist and Interfere With Acquired Christian Beliefs About God, the Holy Spirit, and Jesus
Authors: Barlev Michael , Mermelstein Spencer , Cohen Adam S. , German Tamsin C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhy are disembodied extraordinary beings like gods and spirits prevalent in past and present theologies? Under the intuitive Cartesian dualism hypothesis, this is because it is natural to conceptualize of minds as separate from bodies; under the counterintuitiveness hypothesis, this is because beliefs in minds without bodies are unnatural—such beliefs violate core knowledge intuitions about person physicality and consequently have a social transmission advantage. We report on a critical test of these contrasting hypotheses. Prior research found that among adult Christian religious adherents, intuitions about person psychology coexist and interfere with theological conceptualizations of God (e.g., infallibility). Here, we use a sentence verification paradigm where participants are asked to evaluate as true or false statements on which core knowledge intuitions about person physicality and psychology and Christian theology about God are inconsistent (true on one and false on the other) versus consistent (both true or both false). We find, as predicted by the counterintuitiveness hypothesis but not the Cartesian dualism hypothesis, that Christian religious adherents show worse performance (lower accuracy and slower response time) on statements where Christian theological doctrines about God's physicality (e.g., incorporeality, omnipresence) conflict with intuitions about person physicality. We find these effects for other extraordinary beings in Christianity—the Holy Spirit and Jesus—but not for an ordinary being (priest). We conclude that it is unintuitive to conceptualize extraordinary beings as disembodied, and that this, rather than inherent Cartesian dualism, may explain the prevalence of beliefs in such beings.