bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of coastal habitat restoration projects in China and the United States
Authors: Li Shanze , Xie Tian , Pennings Steven C. , Wang Yuchun , Craft Christopher , Hu Mingming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe compared coastal restoration projects in a developing country, China, and a developed country, the United States of America, both of which are facing loss and degradation of coastal habitats at similar latitudes, for the period of 1992–2014. To document the scale of coastal habitat restoration projects in the two countries, we identified 914 coastal restoration projects with an accumulated area of 300,521 acres in China, with most of our information coming from scientific papers, and 1,620 coastal restoration projects with an accumulated area of 243,064 acres in the USA, with most of our information coming from public databases. In both countries, about half the projects were in wetland habitats, but China had a greater proportion of projects in submerged habitats (43% versus 28% in the USA) and the USA a greater proportion in coastal upland habitats (21% versus 9% in China). The number of new projects steadily increased over time in China, but dropped after 2006 in the USA, although the total cost of new projects continued to increase. The number of projects in China and the total cost of projects in the USA were correlated with national GDP. Restoration projects in China used fewer techniques, had fewer partners, and took longer to complete than projects in the USA. Information about projects was incomplete, especially in China, and both countries could do more to make information publically available. We know more about project construction than project outcomes, and it is unclear whether projects are achieving their goals or whether the techniques used are optimal.
Assessment of Spatial Agglomeration of Agricultural Drought Disaster in China from 1978 to 2016
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Yang-yang , Zhang Yan-zhen , Tong Lin-jing , Li Xiaoyu , Li Jian-long , Sun Zhengguo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDrought disaster space agglomeration assessment is one of the important components of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation. Agriculture affected by drought disaster is not only a serious threat to world food security, but also an obstacle to sustainable development. Additionally, China is an important agricultural import and export country in the world. Therefore, we used the global Moran’s I and the local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) to reveal the spatial agglomeration of agricultural drought disaster in China from1978 to 2016, respectively. The results showed that China’s agricultural drought disaster presents local spatial autocorrelation of geographical agglomeration at national level during the study period. The spatial agglomeration regions of China’s agricultural drought disaster were in Inner Mongolia, Jilin province, Heilongjiang province, Liaoning province, Shanxi province, Hebei province, Shandong province, Shaanxi province and Henan province, indicating that agricultural drought disaster mainly distributed in North and Northwest China, especially occurred in the Yellow River Basin and its north areas. We also found that the overall movement direction of agricultural drought disaster agglomeration regions was northwest, and the maximum moving distance was 722.16 km. Our results might provide insight in early warning and prevention for drought disaster.
Unraveling the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) expression in colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Peters Jeffrey M. , Walter Vonn , Patterson Andrew D. , Gonzalez Frank J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe peroxisome proliferator-activated-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) was identified in 1994, but not until 1999 was PPARβ/δ suggested to be involved in carcinogenesis. Initially, it was hypothesized that expression of PPARβ/δ was increased during colon cancer progression, which led to increased transcription of yet-to-be confirmed target genes that promote cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. It was also hypothesized at this time that lipid-metabolizing enzymes generated lipid metabolites that served as ligands for PPARβ/δ. These hypothetical mechanisms were attractive because they potentially explained how non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibited tumorigenesis by potentially limiting the concentration of endogenous PPARβ/δ ligands that could activate this receptor that was increased in cancer cells. However, during the last 20 years, considerable research was undertaken describing expression of PPARβ/δ in normal and cancer cells that has led to a significant impact on the mechanisms by which PPARβ/δ functions in carcinogenesis. Whereas results from earlier studies led to much uncertainty about the role of PPARβ/δ in cancer, more recent analyses of large databases have revealed a more consistent understanding. The focus of this review is on the fundamental level of PPARβ/δ expression in normal tissues and cancerous tissue as described by studies during the past two decades and what has been delineated during this timeframe about how PPARβ/δ expression influences carcinogenesis, with an emphasis on colon cancer.
Prädiktion des Return to Work nach Polytrauma bei Patienten
mit einem ISS von 25 und höher
Authors: Simmel Stefan , Wurm Simone , Drisch Sabine , Woltmann Alexander , Coenen Michaela 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Überlebenschancen von Patienten auch mit
schweren Polytraumata haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich
verbessert. Mitentscheidend für die Lebensqualität und Teilhabe
dieser Patienten ist eine Rückkehr in das Erwerbsleben (Return-to-work
(RTW)). Die Kenntnis, welche Faktoren RTW beeinflussen, ist relevant für
die medizinische und berufliche Rehabilitation nach schweren Verletzungen. Ziel
der Studie ist es zu analysieren, wie der RTW polytraumatisierter Patienten ins
Erwerbsleben gelingt und welche Faktoren als Prädiktoren einen Einfluss
auf RTW haben.
Methodik Zur Bestimmung von Faktoren, die RTW vorhersagen, wurden in
einer monozentrischen Studie von 84 Patienten im arbeitsfähigen Alter
mit einem ISS von 25 oder höher Routinedaten aus dem Traumaregister der
Klinik und im Follow-up Daten mittels des standardisierten Fragebogens
POLO-Chart erfasst. Es wurden bivariate Analysen (Chi-Quadrat-Test, Wilcoxon
Mann-Whitney-Test, t-Test) zum Zusammenhang mit RTW durchgeführt.
Ausgewählte Variablen wurden in einem logistischen Regressionsmodell zur
Prädiktion des RTW überprüft.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt 58% der Patienten konnten in das
Erwerbsleben zurückkehren. Das Alter, die Verweildauer auf der
Intensivstation und der Zeitraum zwischen Entlassung aus der Klinik und der
Befragung sind Prädiktoren für das RTW. Auch die
Selbsteinschätzung des allgemeinen Gesundheitszustandes ist von
entscheidender Bedeutung für die Rückkehr zur Arbeit, wohingegen
in diesem Patientengut kein signifikanter Zusammenhang mit Vorerkrankungen oder
als belastend erlebten Ereignissen bestand.
Schlussfolgerung Das RTW von Patienten nach schwerem Polytrauma ist von
verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig. Besonders ältere Patienten, die
ihren allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand als schlecht einschätzen, haben
Probleme in das Erwerbsleben zurückzukehren.
Psychologische Kennwerte und BMI-SDS bei Jugendlichen mit Adipositas
und unterschiedlichen Motivationsstadien in der stationären
Rehabilitation
Authors: Hampel Petra , Stachow Rainer , Wienert Julian 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Adipositas ist im Jugendalter besonders häufig und zeigt
eine erhöhte Persistenz bis ins Erwachsenenalter auf. Bisherige Studien
konnten zwar kurzfristige Rehabilitationserfolge nachweisen, jedoch keine
ausreichende Nachhaltigkeit belegen. Langfristige Effekte lassen sich durch die
Berücksichtigung der Motivationslage erwarten. Allerdings liegen noch
keine Befunde zur Motivationslage von Jugendlichen mit Adipositas vor. Diese
Studie untersuchte psychologische Kennwerte und den Body-Mass-Index-standard
deviation score (BMI-SDS) von Jugendlichen mit Adipositas in
Abhängigkeit des Motivationsstadiums und Alters.
Methode In die Querschnittstudie konnten N=127 Jugendliche mit
Adipositas eingeschlossen werden, die zu einer stationären,
rehabilitativen Behandlung aufgenommen wurden. Unterschiede im BMI-SDS und in
der selbst-berichteten psychischen Gesundheit wurden in 2-faktoriellen
Kovarianzanalysen mit dem Faktor „Motivationsstadium“ (Intender
vs. Actor), dem Faktor „Altersgruppe“ (12–14 vs.
15–17 Jahre) und der Kovariate „Geschlecht“ bestimmt.
Hierbei wurde das Motivationsstadium durch den neu entwickelten Fragebogen zur
Einteilung in Motivationsstadien (MoS) ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Intender zeigten ungünstigere Ausprägungen im
Krankheitsmanagement und in volitionalen Kennwerten. Bei Jüngeren war
der BMI-SDS niedriger sowie motivationale und volitionale Kennwerte geringer
ausgeprägt. Schließlich waren junge Intender durch ein
Risikoprofil in psychischen Auffälligkeiten gekennzeichnet.
Schlussfolgerung Die Befunde liefern wichtige Hinweise für die
Konzeption motivationsstadienspezifischer Schulungsprogramme und untermauern
erneut die Notwendigkeit altersgerechter Maßnahmen im Jugendalter.
Multipole hair of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes
Authors: Fox Matthew S. 
Published: October 2019

We study the field of an electric point charge that is slowly lowered into an n + 1 dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole. We find that if n &gt; 3, then countably infinite nonzero multipole moments manifest to observers outside the event horizon as the charge falls in. This suggests the final state of the black hole is not characterized by a Reissner-Nordström-Tangherlini geometry. Instead, for odd n, the final state either possesses a degenerate horizon, undergoes a discontinuous topological transformation during the infall of the charge, or both. For even n, the final state is not guaranteed to be asymptotically flat.
The author of the article agrees to the retraction of the article effective May 5, 2021.
Characterization of argon plasma in a variable multi-pole line cusp magnetic field configuration
Authors: Patel A D , Sharma M , Ramasubramanian N , Ghosh J , Chattopadhyay P K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a detail characterization of argon plasma confined by a multi-pole line cusp magnetic field (MMF) over a large cylindrical volume (1 m axial length and 40 cm diameter) (Patel et al 2018 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89 043510) and various magnetic field scaling with magnet current obtained from the magnetic field simulation in the vacuum. From the experimental results, it has been observed that in this field configuration the confinement of the primary electrons increases and leak width (plasma escaping through the cusp) of plasma decreases with increasing the magnetic field. As a result the mean density, particle confinement time and the stability of the plasma increase with increasing magnetic field values. In addition to this, it has been also observed that the radial uniformity of the plasma density across the magnetic field explicitly depends on the magnetic field values of MMF. Moreover, the nature of turbulence in a quiescent argon plasma has been identified.
Comparative analysis on access and egress distances for Semi BRT Trans ‘Mamminasata’ and Commuter Train ‘SUSI’
Authors: Susanti A , Soemitro R A A , Suprayitno H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The existence of the Semi Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Network and the Commuter Train Network, as part of Urban Mass Transportation is developed with the aim of providing better service on commuter trips. To estimate passenger demands on new mass transit services, especially in areas without prior service, Access and Egress distances data are needed to design an appropriate mass transit. This underlies the reason why a comparative analysis of Access and Egress distance of BRT Trans ‘Mamminasata’ in Makassar and Commuter Train Surabaya – Sidoarjo was necessarily done. Which of the two had further Access or Egress distance; was it the BRT Trans ‘Mamminasata’ Makassar or the Commuter train Surabaya-Sidoarjo? Data were obtained through interviews and data management from related department. The results found that both Access and Egress of the BRT Trans ‘Mamminasata’ in Makassar was shorter than the Commuter Train Surabaya-Sidoarjo.
Pedestrian exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO): A case study of Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi B N , Syafei A D , Ciptaningayu T N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The increase in motor vehicles used every day also increases the rate of pollution. Motor vehicles are the main source of the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) pollutants that can be dangerous for human health in excessive amounts. This study investigates the patterns of NO2 and CO concentrations in the ambient air, specifically on the sidewalks of two big streets in Surabaya. Measurements were taken over a period of 15 hours using a portable monitoring device. The results indicated that the NO2 concentration would decrease by 0.008 mg/m3 and 0.012 mg/m3, respectively, at peak times during the day and night. Meanwhile, the CO concentration would increase by 1.486 mg/m3 during the peak time at night. The factors that significantly influenced NO2 were day variation (weekday or weekend), morning peak hour, noon peak hour, night peak hour, and temperature. Regression with these factors had an R2 value of 30.7%. For CO, the significant factors were night peak time, temperature, wind direction, and the number of vehicles, with an R2 value of 16.9%.
Priority study of infrastructure development at Suburban Pekanbaru (Case study: Tambang District)
Authors: Ismiyanti D , Asteriani F , Astuti P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The problems in the field of infrastructure are the main problems in the suburban of Pekanbaru, making it difficult to determine the priority of infrastructure development most needed by the community. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method and weighting of variables in priority setting are used in infrastructure development. The results of this study indicate that the average development of infrastructure is 20.75%. The priority of infrastructure development is road network (0.165), housing (0.095), educational facilities (0.089), economic facilities (0.086), health facilities (0.075), clean water (0.074), bridges (0.067), electricity grids (0.066) (0.059), telecommunication network (0.051), government facilities (0.049), garbage and drainage facilities (0.042), and sports facilities (0.041).
Economical valuation for measuring renewable energy efficiency as the implementation of smart city concept at Surabaya City
Authors: Umilia E , Santoso E B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Energy is the most important part of supporting human necessity. For this while, the crude oil energy which is mostly needed at Indonesia are fuel oil and electricity. Unfortunately, the domestic crude oil reserves are diminishing and global crude oil’s price has always fluctuated. Thus, the development of renewable energy is necessary. However, the alternative energy development in Indonesia still relies on fossil energy, which is not environmental friendly yet. Smart energy is one of the existed approaches in the concept implementation of smart city. Surabaya city has already had a number of innovations in smart energy implementation of alternative uses in utilizing renewable energy for particularly public services, such as solar cell, garbage power plant, and the application of wind turbine. Some of the mentioned alternative energy have been tried at government’s buildings, other government’s facilities, and public street lighting. There are some occurrences of problems such as the lack of readiness of the supporting facility, the energy production made a few trial project slowed down to be implemented. This study is trying to economically valuate about the efficiency level of renewable energies which have been tried. This study aims to offer an advantage of choosing the best alternative energy to be mass implemented. Thus, the smart city concept, especially smart energy, can be thoroughly implemented using the most efficient type of energy.
Problem identification of micro hydro power plant program in East Java Province
Authors: Kusuma S H , Aulia B U , Sardjito  , Farikha N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The availability of electricity is an important necessity in life to support the economic and social activities of the community such as industry, agriculture, household and trade. Without sufficient access to electricity, the goals of community economic and social development will not be achieved. One of the East Java Provincial Government’s efforts to meet its electricity needs is to build renewable energy sources such as micro-hydro power plants (or PLTMH in Indonesian) which are planned to be developed in 21 regencies or cities. However, until now the development of the PLTMH has not been implemented perfectly. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the extent of the progress of the PLTMH development, factors that caused problems in the development of PLTMH, and recommendations for solving problems such as what could be formulated. The method used in this study is through qualitative descriptive analysis with indepth interview and using root cause analysis. Based on the results of this study it is known that the main thing that caused problems in the construction of the PLTMH was the existence of constraints in planning and financing. The recommendation for solving the problems obtained from this study is the need for technical planning and budgeting with financing schemes that can be sourced from the government or the private sector.
Analysis regarding modern market service level influence toward population movement patterns
Authors: Poerwati T , Imadiiddina A H , Putra Y A L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Modern market didn’t differ too much from traditional ones, but this kind of market exists within buildings and self-serving in nature. In terms of modern market services like Alfamart and Indomart, it can be said that the service provided is relatively stellar for it’s customers, whether it be the goods itself, the qualities of said goods, or the service system itself which includes home delivery. The purpose of this research is to find out the modern market service level influence toward population movement patterns. The research is done in Klojen District, Malang City. The analysis method used are qualitative descriptive method and Kendall’s Tau correlation method. Based on analysis result it’s concluded that minimarket service level didn’t quite affect population movement patterns due to it’s p-value which is 0,487 where the p-value is bigger than the significant value within this research which is 0,05. Population movement patterns were only influenced by type of goods needed (average of 61,7%), quantity of goods bought by the consumers, and price of goods (average of 29,3%).
Power loss prediction in asymmetric spur gear considering gear tooth dynamic load
Authors: Thomas Benny , Sankaranarayanasamy K , Ramachandra S , Suresh Kumar SP 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In many gear drives, one side of the flank is subjected to relatively higher load for a longer duration than the other side. Asymmetric spur gears with drive side pressure angle higher than the coast side reflects this functional difference. Conventional design criteria and procedures followed for symmetric spur gears are suitably modified and applied to predict the gear tooth bending, contact stress and power loss in asymmetric spur gears. Quasi-static gear tooth load and empirical friction coefficient formulae were applied in the past to predict the sliding power loss in asymmetric spur gears. In the present work, Finite element method is used to determine the time varying mesh stiffness of the normal contact ratio asymmetric spur gear tooth. Computed gear tooth stiffness is used to predict the dynamic load at two different speeds under non-extended contact condition. Sliding power loss during the course of meshing is analytically calculated under quasi static and dynamic load conditions. Study demonstrates the difference in sliding power loss computed based on friction formulae and empirical friction coefficient formulae under static and dynamic load.
Degradation analysis of gear oil SAE 90 used in load haul dumper machine
Authors: Dewangan Nagesh , Agrawal Anil Kumar , Siddiqui Mohd A H , Chattopadhyaya Somnath 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lubricant degradation is the main cause for low performance of the machine such as heavy engineering machines, mining machinery etc. Lubricants are used for smooth running of gears and they also avoid friction and noise. Its performance is affected by high temperature and shearing, due to high temperature viscosity of oil changes and due to shearing its physical property changed or degraded. This paper analyses the failure behaviour of gear oil used in Load Haul Dumper (Model No: Eimco Elecon – 811MK). Gear oil degradation was measured by oil analysis in two sections: (i) fluid properties and (ii) contamination in the oil. Fluid properties were analysed by Viscometer, Rheometer whereas contamination analysis was done by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR). All tests were performed carefully and their graphs were plotted. Results show that temperature and shearing were two of the several causes for degradation of oil. Viscosity analysis clearly presents that viscosity of oil exponentially decreases with temperature. Viscosity is also decreasing with shear rate at different temperatures. FTIR analysis confirmed that contamination is increasing with continuous use of oil. Temperature and oxidation are the main reasons for degradation. Different composition forming in used gear oil and those were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy absorption table.
Influence of Link Lengths & Input Angles on the Foot Locus Trajectory of Klann Mechanism
Authors: Prashanth N , Manoj R M , Nikhil B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Locomotive drive mechanisms for robots have been an active research area in the field mobile robotics. Several drive mechanisms such as wheeled, legged, hybrid & reconfigurable mechanisms have been extensively studied. The legged locomotive drive mechanism has several advantages to its credit & it is often bio-inspired. The disadvantage of legged locomotive drive mechanism in general is it is often considered as complex in design due to its multi degrees of freedom which requires complex control scheme. This has led roboticists to explore minimal legged locomotive drive mechanisms consisting of single degrees of freedom. The present work focuses on synthesis and analysis of one such planar mechanism such as klann mechanism for a mobile robot application. In this work, we have synthesized the various linkages of klann mechanism to find the optimal foot locus trajectory. The synthesis and analysis of mechanism is performed using SAM (Synthesis and analysis of mechanism) software. We have described influence of various parameters such linkage length and input crank angle on the foot locus. We have compared the foot locus trajectory for three different foot locus by performing the kinematic analysis. Various parameters such as position, velocity and acceleration of linkages are compared & illustrated in detail. The information provided in this work will help the roboticists to select appropriate link length for klann mechanism to obtain various foot locus designs. This information may be further used to design efficient legged locomotive drive mechanisms for various terrain conditions.