bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Characterization of GnRH/LH-Responsive Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Gagnon Nadia , Cáceres-Gorriti Katia Y , Corbeil Gilles , El Ghoyareb Nada , Ludwig Natasha , Latour Mathieu , Lacroix André , Bourdeau Isabelle 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecently, somatic β-catenin mutations (CTNNB1) identified in aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) from three women were suggested to be responsible for the aberrant overexpression of luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor in the APA.ObjectiveTo genetically characterize patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) evaluated in vivo for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH)-responsive aldosterone secretion.MethodPatients with PA were evaluated in vivo to determine the possible regulation of aldosterone secretion by GnRH or LH. Genetic analysis of the CTNNB1, KCNJ5, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, CACNA1D, and GNAS genes were performed in this cohort and a control cohort of PA not tested in vivo for GnRH response.ResultsWe studied 50 patients with confirmed PA, including 36 APAs, 12 bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasias, 1 oncocytoma, and 1 bilateral hyperplasia with cosecretion of cortisol. Among 23 patients tested in vivo for GnRH response of aldosterone, 7 (30.4%) had a positive response, 4 (17.4%) a partial response, and 12 (52.2%) no response. No somatic CTNNB1 mutations were identified, but the disease-causing c.451G&gt;C KCNJ5 mutation was found in two individuals with partial and no GnRH responses and an individual showing a positive response to LH. Two additional somatic pathogenic mutations, CACNA1D c.776T&gt;A and ATP1A1 c.311T&gt;G, were identified in two patients with no GnRH responses. In the 26 patients not tested for GnRH response, we identified 2 CTNNB1 (7.7%), 13 KCNJ5 (50%), and 1 CACNA1D (3.8%) mutations.ConclusionAberrant regulation of aldosterone by GnRH is frequent in PA, but is not often associated with somatic CTNNB1, although it may be found with somatic KCNJ5 mutations.
Hypertriglyceridemia in Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Pediatric Care
Authors: Hartz Jacob C , de Ferranti Sarah , Gidding Samuel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is estimated that the risk of CVD in diabetes mellitus (DM) is 2 to 10 times higher than in the general population. Much of this increased risk is thought to be related to the development of an atherogenic lipid profile, in which hypertriglyceridemia is an essential component. Recent studies suggest that dyslipidemia may be present in children and adolescents with DM, particularly in T2DM and in association with poor control in T1DM. However, the role of hypertriglyceridemia in the development of future CVD in youth with DM is unclear, as data are scarce. In this review, we will evaluate the pathophysiology of atherogenic hypertriglyceridemia in DM, the evidence regarding an independent role of triglycerides in the development of CVD, and the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with DM, highlighting the potential relevance to children and the need for more data in children and adolescents to guide clinical practice.
A dosimetric evaluation on applying RTOG-based and CT/MRI-based delineation methods to brachial plexus in radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with helical tomotherapy
Authors: Li Chi-Him , Wu Vincent WC , Chiu George 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
In radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, the brachial plexus (BP) situated at both sides of the neck is often irradiated to high dose. This study was to evaluate different BP delineation methods and analyse the dosimetric consequences when applying BP dose constraints in radiotherapy planning of NPC.

Methods:
15 NPC cases radically treated with helical tomotherapy were recruited. Apart from the original treatment plan (Plan A), two new plans (Plans B and C) with additional BP dose constraints were computed using the same planning CT images, structures and planning parameters. Plan B consisted of BP contours based on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)-endorsed atlas; while those in Plan C were based on MR images registered with the planning CT images.

Results:
The mean BP volume by RTOG method was 19.04 ± 3.50 cm3 vs 10.44 ± 2.00 cm3 by CT/MRI method. The mean BP overlapping volume between the two contouring methods was 1.9 cm3 (0.38–4.03 cm3). There was significant difference between two methods (p &lt; 0.001). The average D max, D mean, D 5%, D 10% and D 15% of both sides of BP in Plan A were significantly higher than those in both Plan B and Plan C. There were no significant dose differences in the targets and organs at risk (OARs) after applying dose constraints in Plan B and Plan C.

Conclusion:
RTOG method was recommended since larger BP volume provided better protection. Applying BP dose constraints during tomotherapy plan optimisation for NPC patients could significantly reduce the BP dose (p &lt; 0.05) without compromising the doses to the targets and other OARs.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study comparing the delineation method based on RTOG-endorsed atlas with the conventional CT/MRI delineation method for BP in tomotherapy of NPC patients. Our results showed that BP dose could be significantly reduced after applying the dose constraints without compromising the doses to the target volumes and other OARs. The RTOG method was more favoured as it gave a relatively larger BP volume and therefore offered better organ sparing.
Virus-like particles and enterovirus antigen found in the brainstem neurons of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Dourmashkin Robert R. , McCall Sherman A. , Dourmashkin Neil , Hannah Matthew J. 
Published: May 2018

Background: In a previous study on encephalitis lethargica, we identified a virus related to enterovirus in autopsy brain material. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular analysis were employed. Our present objective was to investigate, using a similar approach, as to whether virus-like particles (VLP) and enterovirus antigen are present in Parkinson’s disease (PD) brainstem neurons. Methods: Fixed tissue from autopsy specimens of late onset PD and control brainstem tissue were received for study. The brain tissue was processed for TEM and IHC according to previous published methods. Results: We observed VLP in the brainstem neurons of all the cases of PD that were examined. In the neurons’ cytoplasm there were many virus factories consisting of VLP and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. In some neurons, the virus factories contained incomplete VLP. Complete VLP in some neurons’ virus factories had an average diameter of 31 nm, larger than control brain ribosomes. In the nuclei, there were VLP with an average diameter of 40 nm. In cases of human poliomyelitis, there were cytoplasmic virus factories and intranuclear virus particles similar to those observed in PD. On preparing PD brain sections for IHC there was positive staining using anti-poliovirus antibody and anti-coxsackie antibody. This result was statistically significant. Conclusions: We present evidence for an enterovirus infection in PD. For future studies, virus isolation and molecular analysis are suggested.
Proteome-wide analysis of protein abundance and turnover remodelling during oncogenic transformation of human breast epithelial cells
Authors: Ly Tony , Endo Aki , Brenes Alejandro , Gierlinski Marek , Afzal Vackar , Pawellek Andrea , Lamond Angus I. 
Published: May 2018

Background: Viral oncogenes and mutated proto-oncogenes are potent drivers of cancer malignancy. Downstream of the oncogenic trigger are alterations in protein properties that give rise to cellular transformation and the acquisition of malignant cellular phenotypes. Developments in mass spectrometry enable large-scale, multidimensional characterisation of proteomes. Such techniques could provide an unprecedented, unbiased view of how oncogene activation remodels a human cell proteome. Methods: Using quantitative MS-based proteomics and cellular assays, we analysed how transformation induced by activating v-Src kinase remodels the proteome and cellular phenotypes of breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells. SILAC MS was used to comprehensively characterise the MCF10A proteome and to measure v-Src-induced changes in protein abundance across seven time-points (1-72 hrs). We used pulse-SILAC MS (Boisvert et al., 2012), to compare protein synthesis and turnover in control and transformed cells. Follow-on experiments employed a combination of cellular and functional assays to characterise the roles of selected Src-responsive proteins. Results: Src-induced transformation changed the expression and/or turnover levels of ~3% of proteins, affecting ~1.5% of the total protein molecules in the cell. Transformation increased the average rate of proteome turnover and disrupted protein homeostasis. We identify distinct classes of protein kinetics in response to Src activation. We demonstrate that members of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) are important regulators of invasion and migration in MCF10A cells. Many Src-regulated proteins are present in low abundance and some are regulated post-transcriptionally. The signature of Src-responsive proteins is highly predictive of poor patient survival across multiple cancer types. Open access to search and interactively explore all these proteomic data is provided via the EPD database (www.peptracker.com/epd). Conclusions: We present the first comprehensive analysis measuring how protein expression and protein turnover is affected by cell transformation, providing a detailed picture at the protein level of the consequences of activation of an oncogene.
Comparing the temporal relationship of structural and functional connectivity changes in different adult human brain networks: a single-case study
Authors: Watanabe Takamitsu , Rees Geraint 
Published: May 2018

Background: Despite accumulated evidence for adult brain plasticity, the temporal relationships between large-scale functional and structural connectivity changes in human brain networks remain unclear. Methods: By analysing a unique richly detailed 19-week longitudinal neuroimaging dataset, we tested whether macroscopic functional connectivity changes lead to the corresponding structural alterations in the adult human brain, and examined whether such time lags between functional and structural connectivity changes are affected by functional differences between different large-scale brain networks. Results: In this single-case study, we report that, compared to attention-related networks, functional connectivity changes in default-mode, fronto-parietal, and sensory-related networks occurred in advance of modulations of the corresponding structural connectivity with significantly longer time lags. In particular, the longest time lags were observed in sensory-related networks. In contrast, such significant temporal differences in connectivity change were not seen in comparisons between anatomically categorised different brain areas, such as frontal and occipital lobes. These observations survived even after multiple validation analyses using different connectivity definitions or using parts of the datasets. Conclusions: Although the current findings should be examined in independent datasets with different demographic background and by experimental manipulation, this single-case study indicates the possibility that plasticity of macroscopic brain networks could be affected by cognitive and perceptual functions implemented in the networks, and implies a hierarchy in the plasticity of functionally different brain systems.
The reasons for use of cannabinoids and stimulants in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Simonienko Katarzyna , Wygnał Natalia , Cwalina Urszula , Kwiatkowski Mikołaj , Szulc Agata , Waszkiewicz Napoleon 
Published: May 2018

Cel pracyZarówno zażywanie kannabinoidów, jak i substancji psychoaktywnych z grupy stymulantów może mieć istotny wpływ na indukcję, przebieg oraz leczenie samej choroby, ale i być traktowane jako samoleczenie. Wielu pacjentów odczuwa subiektywne korzyści płynące ze stosowania tych środków w obszarach kompetencji społecznych, radzenia sobie ze skutkami ubocznymi neuroleptyków, stresem wpisanym w przebiegu choroby psychicznej czy kontroli niektórych jej objawów. Niniejsza praca poświęcona jest przyczynom zażywania wspomnianych substancji psychoaktywnych przez pacjentów chorych na schizofrenię.Metodaprzebadano 50 pacjentów chorych na schizofrenię, z których wszyscy zażywali substancje z grupy kannabinoidów, a 25- także z grupy stymulantów. Wypełnili oni kwestionariusze dotyczące przyczyn zażywania narkotyków oraz subiektywnie odczuwanych dolegliwości psychicznych. Przeanalizowano dokumentację medyczną.WynikiStwierdzono, że grupa zażywająca SPA z grup kannabinoidów i stymulantów, wskazywała duchowość jako przyczynę istotnie częściej w stosunku do grupy zażywającej wyłącznie kannabinoidy. Palący marihuanę i haszysz istotnie częściej jako cel deklarowali poprawę relacji społecznych. W obu grupach najczęstszą przyczyną była ciekawość, potrzeba zrelaksowania się, a także rozwiązywanie problemów , poprawa relacji międzyludzkich czy środek „na nieśmiałość”. W grupie używającej same kannabinoidy stwierdzono, że ludzie, którzy czuli się nierozumiani przez innych, często palili marihuanę, aby ułatwić sobie rozwiązywanie problemów. Osoby zażywające stymulanty skarżyły się często na słabą koncentrację uwagi.WnioskiNieświadomość konsekwencji, jakie może wywołać zarówno używanie środków psychoaktywnych u osób obciążonych ryzykiem choroby psychicznej lub na nią chorującym jest dodatkowym czynnikiem ryzyka. Wyniki mogą wskazywać na zwiększone zapotrzebowanie na psychoedukację i wsparcie społeczne dotyczące wielu dziedzin życia pacjentów cierpiących na schizofrenię.
Echoes of the Jagiellonian Idea in the Present Polish Military Assistance Programs
Authors: Królikowski Hubert 
Published: May 2018

Echoes of the Jagiellonian Idea in the Present Polish Military Assistance Programs
The exchange of ideas, views and mutual benefit from the experience of the traditions that prevailed in Central Europe in the Jagiellonian era also embraced the military area. Similarly, today the European Union, and especially NATO, unknowingly still refer to the Jagiellonian idea. It is certainly done by Poland, actively involved in the process of building a security and democracy zone in Central Europe. Actions called Military Assistance, which will be discussed in this article, are an important element of these activities in the area of security.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: A novel strain of canine bocavirus, a member of the Parvoviridae family, was identified in a litter of puppies that died from acute dyspnoea and haemoptysis. The virus was identified in several tissues, suggesting haematogenous spread, with active replication evident in the intestinal epithelium. However, no direct link between infection and death was determined.
‘Reconstructing Ourselves’ – An arts and research project improving patient experience
Authors: Thimbleby Prue , Wright Sarah , Solomon Rhian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
‘Reconstructing Ourselves’ was an eighteen-month arts project that brought together a visual artist, a storyteller and a qualitative researcher. The team worked with women undergoing complex breast reconstruction and facilitated them to tell their stories through video, textiles and photography as well as directly to their doctors through narrative recordings played during their consultations. This article focuses on the narrative recordings which were the subject of the research question: Can pre-recording what patients want to say before they go into the consultation room improve the patient experience of the consultation? The article describes the methodology and key thematic findings from twenty women who played their recorded narratives directly to their doctors. The response and feedback given by all participants in this study overwhelmingly confirmed that pre-recording what patients want to say, and playing it as part of the consultation, improved the patient experience of the consultation.
Prognostic implications of detectable cardiac troponin I below the 99th percentile in patients admitted to an emergency department without acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Bardají Alfredo , Bonet Gil , Carrasquer Anna , González-del Hoyo Maribel , Domínguez Fernando , Sánchez Rafael , Boqué Carme , Cediel Germán 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
Detectable troponin below the 99th percentile may reflect an underlying cardiac abnormality which might entail prognostic consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients admitted to an emergency department (ED) with detectable troponin below the 99th percentile reference limit who did not present with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods:
We analysed the clinical data of all consecutive patients admitted to the ED during the years 2012 and 2013 in whom cardiac troponin was requested by the attending clinician (cTnI Ultra Siemens, Advia Centaur). Patients with troponin below the 99th percentile of the reference population (40 ng/L) and who did not have a diagnosis of ACS were selected, and their mortality was evaluated in a 2-year follow-up.

Results:
A total of 2501 patients had a troponin level below the reference limit, with 43.9% of those showing detectable levels (>6 ng/L and <40 ng/L). Patients with detectable levels were elderly and had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular history and more comorbidities. The total mortality in the 2-year follow-up was 12.4% in patients with detectable troponin and 4.5% in patients with undetectable troponin (p<0.001). In the Cox multivariate regression analysis, the detectable troponin was an independent marker of mortality at 2 years (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.07–2.45, p=0.021).

Conclusions:
Detectable troponin I below the 99th percentile is associated with higher mortality risk at 2-year follow-up in patients admitted to the ED who did not present with ACS.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of isoindolinones via Pd-mediated tandem coupling reactions
Authors: Mendoza-Pérez Eduardo , Vázquez Alfredo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Palladium (Pd) coupling reactions have become an indispensable tool in modern synthetic organic chemistry. A simple procedure to obtain isoindolinones 7 bearing a quaternary C-atom, featuring a Pd-mediated tandem process, is presented. Readily available iodoamidoacrylate 3 and boronic acids 6 are used as the starting materials.
Fluorescence chemosensor containing 4-methyl-7-coumarinyloxy, acetylhydrazono and N-phenylaza-15-crown-5 moieties for K+ and Ba2+ ions
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Duan Kaifei 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
A new aza-15-crown-5 derivative 1 bearing coumarin and hydrazone moieties was synthesized and characterized. The fluorescent sensing behavior and selectivity of 1 toward different metal ions in ethanol were investigated. There are 4-fold and 2-fold fluorescence enhancements of 1 at λem=406 nm upon addition of five equivalents of K+ and Ba2+, respectively. The fluorescence titration revealed the stoichiometry of 1:1 for 1-K+
1-Ba2+ complexes and the binding constants (lgK
s) of 4.11 for 1-K+ and 3.61 for 1-Ba2+. Compound 1 can be used as a fluorescent chemosensor for K+ and Ba2+ through discriminable photoresponse signals. The calculated detection limits for K+ and Ba2+ are 2.28 μm and 5.21 μm, respectively.
Examination of Innovative High-Throughput Fermentations
Authors: Németh Áron 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
During the investigation of fermentations, issues such as the need for numerous parallel experiments with regard to strain improvement or screening were often met, or in the case of media optimization the need for online measurements to avoid a lack of night-samples was also required. Therefore, several new instruments were introduced to solve one or more of these problems: impedimetric- and reverse-spin-technologies (RST) were compared via fermentation of a well-known species of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, resulting in a diauxic growth curve. To identify the most accurate method, a wellknown mathematical description was fitted to the measured data. Since the initial parameters were considered reliable as they originated from real experiments, during model fitting, the parameters were further fine-tuned, and the less modifications reported the better the system since it produces a growth curve that is more similar to standard bioreactors. According to our study, the impedimetric equipment was more efficient, and could run 40 parallel experiments, but the RST was more flexible.
Sur/South: traducciones culturales y la cuestión de Oriente
Authors: Klengel Susanne 
Published: May 2018

ResumenEl presente trabajo propone reflexionar sobre conceptos que permiten captar las relaciones y entrelazamientos literarios y culturales en el Sur global a partir de su materialidad histórica y su complejidad metodológica. Dos grafismos llaman a una lectura complementaria de las expresiones Sur↓South y Sur/South: desde la historia y desde la teoría. Será reconsiderado el debate sobre el mito de la traducción “transparente” a partir de las teorías de L. Venuti y E. Glissant, y, de manera análoga, se presentará el debate crítico respecto al concepto constructivista del orientalismo, generalizado como figura universal del pensamiento crítico actual. Abogando por una revalorización de agencias y saberes no-hegemónicos, heterodoxos, e incluso “opacos” (según Glissant) que se traducen y negocian entre actores del Sur y entre Occidente y Oriente, el trabajo demuestra, a partir de Prosa del Observatorio de J. Cortázar la puesta en escena de procesos traslatorios poéticamente intrincados entre Occidente y Oriente.
Use of Recycled Mustard Pickle Brine in the Production of Salted Duck Eggs
Authors: Huang Jing-Yao , Fang Tony J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We aimed to develop a process for making salted duck eggs using recycled mustard pickle brine. Saturated brine was generated from mustard pickle salt (experimental) or solar salt (control). Mustard pickled egg (MPE) weight slightly decreased and salted egg (SE) weight slightly increased following pickling. For MPE and SE egg yolk (MPEY/SEY), yolk index, NaCl content, total solids, and hardness significantly increased (p < 0.05) during the pickling period, with significantly greater increases (p < 0.05) in yolk index and NaCl content at 28 days for MPEY vs. SEY. MPE and SE egg white (MPEW/SEW) parameters, including albumen index, moisture, pH value, G′, G” and η, decreased significantly (p < 0.05), whereas NaCl content, total solids, and tan δ increased significantly (p < 0.05). Our results showed that mustard pickle brine could be applied in making salted duck eggs, thereby decreasing the disposal of excess brine from food production.