bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eliciting Preferences in Dentistry with Multiattribute Stated Preference Methods: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barber S. , Pavitt S. , Khambay B. , Bekker H. , Meads D. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Preference experiments are used to understand how patients and stakeholders value aspects of health care. These methods are gaining popularity in dentistry, but quality and breadth of use have not been evaluated. Objectives: To describe multiattribute stated preference experiment use in dentistry through illustration and critique of existing studies. Data Sources: Systematic literature search of PubMed, Econlit and Ovid for Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, and All EBM Reviews, as well as gray literature. Study Eligibility: Multiattribute stated preference experiments eliciting preferences for dental service delivery, treatments, and oral health states from the perspective of patients, the public, and dental professionals. Outcomes of interest were preference weights and marginal rates of substitution. Study selection was independently performed by 2 reviewers. Appraisal: Ten-point checklist published by the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research was used for quality assessment. Synthesis: Descriptive analysis. Results: Searches identified 12 records published between 1999 and 2015, mostly in nondental academic journals. Studies were undertaken in high-income countries in Europe and the United States. The studies aimed to elicit preference for service delivery, treatment, or oral health states from the perspective of the patients, dentists, or the public via discrete choice experiment methods. The quality scores for the studies ranged from 53% to 100%. Limitations: A detailed description and critique of stated preference methods are provided, but it was not possible to provide synthesized preference data. Conclusions: Multiattribute stated preference experiments are increasingly popular, but understanding the methods and outputs is essential for designing and interpreting preference studies to improve patient care. Patient preferences highlight important considerations for decision making during treatment planning. Valuation of health states and estimation of willingness-to-pay are important for resource planning and allocation and economic evaluation. Preference estimates and relative value of attributes for interventions and service delivery inform development and selection of treatments and services (PROSPERO 21.3.17: CRD42017059859). Knowledge Transfer Statement: Understanding patient, professional, and public preferences is fundamental for evidence-based decision making and treatment delivery. Preference elicitation methods can be used to estimate the value given to health states, service delivery, individual treatments, and health outcomes. By describing and appraising the methodology and application of multiattribute stated preference experiments in dentistry, this review provides an essential first step to wider use of well-designed, high-quality preference elicitation methods.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty With Proximal Humeral Replacement for the Management of Massive Proximal Humeral Bone Loss
Authors: Shukla Dave R , Lee Julia , Mangold Devin , Cofield Robert H , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin , Sperling John W 
Published: June 2018

Background Substantial proximal humeral bone loss may compromise reverse shoulder arthroplasty secondary to limited implant support, insufficient soft tissue tension due to shortening, lack of attachment sites for the posterosuperior cuff when present, and lack of lateral offset of the deltoid. In these circumstances, use of a proximal humeral replacement may be considered. Patients/Methods Between 2012 and 2014, 34 consecutive reverse shoulder arthroplasties were performed using a proximal humeral replacement system. The indications were failed shoulder arthroplasty (15), oncology reconstruction (9), humeral malunion/nonunion (7), prior resection arthroplasty (2), and intraoperative fracture (1). All patients were included in the survival analysis. Twenty-two patients with minimum 2-year follow-up were included in analysis of clinical results. Results Among the cohort of 34 patients, there were 8 additional reoperations: humeral loosening (3), periprosthetic fracture (2), irrigation and debridement (2), and glenoid loosening (1). Humeral component loosening occurred exclusively in patients undergoing revision shoulder arthroplasty. The 4 patients had an average 3.75 prior procedures before the proximal humeral replacement. Two of the revisions were from cemented to uncemented stems. Among the 23 patients with minimum 2-year follow-up, there was significant improvement in pain scores (4.1 vs 0.6), forward elevation (31 vs 109) degrees, and 81% were satisfied. Conclusion Use of a proximal humeral replacement when performing a reverse shoulder arthroplasty in the complex setting of substantial proximal humerus bone loss provides good clinical results and a particularly low dislocation rate. However, the rate of loosening of the humeral component in the revision setting suggests that proximal humeral replacement components should be cemented when revising a previously cemented stem. IRB 16-006966.
TQuest, A Web-Based Platform to Enable Precision Medicine by Linking a Tumor’s Genetic Defects to Therapeutic Options
Authors: Gershkovich Peter , Platt James , Knopf Joshua , Tasoulis Marios K. , Shi Weiwei , Pusztai Lajos , Hatzis Christos 
Published: June 2018

Purpose Currently, there are only a few software tools designed to assist physicians to translate molecular abnormalities in the cancer genome into potential treatment options. There is a pressing need to develop software to reliably identify known targeted therapies and experimental treatments for patients on the basis of the results of tumor DNA sequencing. Methods The TQuest platform includes a data layer, data acquisition layer, search engine, and user interface. It identifies associations between one or more molecular targets and therapeutic options. The data layer consists of indexed interventional clinical trials and an expert-curated database of clinically or experimentally validated associations between mutations and drug response. The data acquisition layer includes an information-harvesting module that keeps an up-to-date full-text index of clinical trials by crawling clinicaltrials.gov and combining it with US Food and Drug Administration label data. The user interface is a Web-based module that allows users to upload genomic variants, tumor morphology, and diagnosis. The search results are qualified and ranked by a relevance score. Results We have manually curated information for 368 distinct genomic variants of 162 gene targets corresponding to 863 drug and target interactions. The platform currently contains a full-text index of approximately 80,000 interventional clinical trials. We applied TQuest to molecular data from 73 metastatic breast cancers. TQuest identified a total of 276 drugs as potential therapeutic options, ranging from one to 103 per patient. Conclusion TQuest correctly identified all US Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs and routine indications for all cases and also identified many additional drugs that were used in the context of a given molecular abnormality in various clinical trials. The prototype Web application is available at www.tquest.us , and the source code is open and available on GitHub.
Immunochemotherapy With Obinutuzumab or Rituximab for Previously Untreated Follicular Lymphoma in the GALLIUM Study: Influence of Chemotherapy on Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Hiddemann Wolfgang , Barbui Anna Maria , Canales Miguel A. , Cannell Paul K. , Collins Graham P. , Dürig Jan , Forstpointner Roswitha , Herold Michael , Hertzberg Mark , Klanova Magdalena , Radford John , Seymour John F. , Tobinai Kensei , Trotman Judith , Burciu Alis , Fingerle-Rowson Günter , Wolbers Marcel , Nielsen Tina , Marcus Robert E. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose The GALLIUM study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01332968) showed that obinutuzumab (GA101; G) significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma relative to rituximab (R) when combined with cyclophosphamide (C), doxorubicin, vincristine (V), and prednisone (P; CHOP); CVP; or bendamustine. This report focuses on the impact of chemotherapy backbone on efficacy and safety. Patients and Methods A total of 1,202 patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma (grades 1 to 3a), advanced disease (stage III or IV, or stage II with tumor diameter ≥ 7 cm), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2, and requiring treatment were randomly assigned 1:1 to G 1,000 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and day 1 of subsequent cycles or R 375 mg/m2 on day 1 of each cycle, for six to eight cycles, depending on chemotherapy (allocated nonrandomly by center). Responding patients received G or R for 2 years or until disease progression. Results Baseline Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index risk, bulky disease, and comorbidities differed by chemotherapy. After 41.1 months median follow-up, PFS (primary end point) was superior for G plus chemotherapy (overall hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.87; P = .0016), with consistent results across chemotherapy backbones (bendamustine: HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.88; CHOP: HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.10; CVP: HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.42 to 1.47). Grade 3 to 5 adverse events, notably cytopenias, were most frequent with CHOP. Grade 3 to 5 infections and second neoplasms were most frequent with bendamustine, which was associated with marked and prolonged reductions in T-cell counts. Fatal events were more frequent in patients treated with bendamustine, possibly reflecting differences in patient risk profiles. Conclusion Improved PFS was observed for G plus chemotherapy for all three chemotherapy backbones. Safety profiles differed, although comparisons are confounded by nonrandom chemotherapy allocation.
Genomic and Proteomic Alterations in Desmoplastic Small Round Blue-Cell Tumors
Authors: Bulbul Ajaz , Shen John Paul , Xiu Joanne , Tamayo Pablo , Husain Hatim 
Published: June 2018

Purpose Desmoplastic small round blue-cell tumors (DSRCTs) are sarcomas that contain the t(11;22) (p13;q12) translocation EWS-WT1 fusion protein. Because this is a rare tumor type, prospective clinical trials in DSRCT are challenging. Patients are treated in a manner similar to those with Ewing sarcoma; however, differences in prognosis and clinical presentation suggest fundamental differences in biology and potentially different therapeutic implications. This study aimed to characterize the molecular characteristics of DSRCT tumors to explore unique therapeutic options for this extremely rare and aggressive cancer type. Methods Thirty-five DSRCT tumors were assessed using next-generation sequencing, protein expression (immunohistochemistry), and gene amplification (chromogenic in situ hybridization or fluorescence in situ hybridization). Three patients had tumor mutational load, which was calculated as somatic nonsynonymous missense mutations sequenced with a 592-gene panel. Gene expression data were obtained for an additional seven DSRCT tumors. Molecular alterations were compared with 88 Ewing sarcomas. Results The most common alterations that distinguished DSRCTs from Ewing sarcoma included higher androgen receptor (AR), TUBB3, epidermal growth factor receptor, and TOPO2A expression. Independent analysis by RNA sequencing confirmed higher AR expression from an independent data set of EWS-WT1 fusion–positive DSRCTs compared with Ewing sarcoma and a pan-cancer analysis. DSRCTs had somatic mutations that were identified in TP53 and FOXO3, averaged five mutations per megabase, and no programmed death-ligand 1 expression was detected in any DSRCT samples. Conclusion The current analysis provides the first comparative analysis, to our knowledge, of molecular aberrations that distinguish DSRCT from Ewing sarcoma. High AR expression seems to be a defining event in these malignancies, and additional investigation of the responsiveness of AR inhibitors in this disease is encouraged.
Assessment of Medical Decision-making Capacity in Patients With Dementia
Authors: Rodgers Joshua J. , Kass Joseph S. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Medical decision-making capacity, the patient’s ability to exercise autonomy reasonably, is an essential component of both informed consent and informed refusal. The assessment of medical decision-making capacity is thus fundamental to the ethical practice of medicine. Medical decision-making capacity is not all or nothing but rather exists on a continuum and should be assessed on a decision-by-decision basis. Alzheimer disease and other neurocognitive disorders can affect a patient’s medical decision-making capacity and may pose special challenges to capacity assessment. To illustrate some of these challenges, this article presents a case of a patient with Alzheimer disease who refused a recommended operation and discusses the components of capacity, a useful mnemonic and tools, the variability of state laws, and the roles neurologists and psychiatrists play in the assessment of capacity.
Using different methods to process forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) data can impact on the interpretation of FEV1 as an outcome measure to understand the performance of an adult cystic fibrosis centre: A retrospective chart review
Authors: Hoo Zhe Hui , El-Gheryani Muhaned S.A. , Curley Rachael , Wildman Martin J. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is an important cystic fibrosis (CF) prognostic marker and an established endpoint for CF clinical trials. FEV1 is also used in observation studies, e.g. to compare different centre’s outcomes. We wished to evaluate whether different methods of processing FEV1 data can impact on a centre’s outcome. Methods: This is a single-centre retrospective analysis of routinely collected data from 2013-2016 which included 208 adults with CF. Year-to-year %FEV1 change was calculated by subtracting best %FEV1 at Year 1 from Year 2 (i.e. negative values indicate %FEV1 decline), and compared using Friedman test. Three methods were used to process %FEV1 data. First, %FEV1 calculated with Knudson equation was extracted directly from spirometer machines. Second, FEV1 volume were extracted then converted to %FEV1 using clean height data and Knudson equation. Third, FEV1 volume were extracted then converted to %FEV1 using clean height data and GLI equation. In addition, %FEV1 decline calculated using GLI equation was adjusted for baseline %FEV1 to understand the impact of case-mix adjustment. Results: There was a trend of reduction in %FEV1 decline with all three data processing methods but the magnitude of %FEV1 decline differed. Median change in %FEV1 for 2013-2014, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 was –2.0, –1.0 and 0.0 respectively using %FEV1 in Knudson equation whereas the median change was –1.1, –0.9 and –0.3 respectively using %FEV1 in the GLI equation. A statistically significant p-value (0.016) was only obtained when using %FEV1 in Knudson equation extracted directly from spirometer machines. Conclusions: Although the trend of reduction in %FEV1 decline was robust, different data processing methods yielded varying results when %FEV1 decline was compared using a standard related group non-parametric statistical test. Observational studies with %FEV1 decline as an outcome measure should carefully consider and clearly specify the data processing methods used.
Care Giver’s Needs in the Process of Cancer Recovery
Authors: Thomas Bino , Nympha Marie M 
Published: June 2018

Goals of work: The aim of the study is to explore the psychosocial needs of persons taking care of family members suffering from cancer.
Materials & Methods: An Sixty care-givers participated in the cross sectional study. An interview schedule was used. The care recipients had heterogeneous cancer diagnosis and were hospitalized for at least a month.
Main Result: Their Financial needs were the highest followed by informational needs, family needs, personal needs, social needs, psychological needs and spiritual needs. It is in contrast to their studies from the west where psychological need was supreme.
Conclusions: The findings pave way for the development of comprehensive psychosocial care programs for the care-givers.
Keywords: Cancer-oncology, caregiver
Occupational Stress among Team Leaders Working in IT Companies in Bangalore
Authors: K Hemalatha , Sundaresh Noopura 
Published: June 2018

The research aims to measure occupational stress of team leaders working at IT companies in Bangalore. The study also focuses on assessing the levels of occupational stress on four socio demographic factors i.e. age, gender, marital status and working hours. A sample of 100 team leaders working in three different IT companies were studied using occupational stress index by AP Singh and AK Srivastava. The results showed that 52% of the respondents have low occupational stress and 48% of the respondents have high occupational stress. There is no significant difference between male and female executions with respect to occupational stress. The team leaders who are above the age of 30 years tend to experience higher occupational stress than the team leaders who are under the age of 30 years. Team leaders who are divorced have higher occupational stress than the others .Team leaders who work more than 10 hours per day experience higher occupational stress than team leaders who work less than ten hours.
Keywords: Occupational stress, team leaders, IT sector
Ethical Leadership Behaviour of Principals in Relation to Organizational Commitment of BEd College Teachers
Authors: Puri Savita 
Published: June 2018

The present study is an attempt to investigate the ethical leadership behaviour of principals in relation to organizational commitment of BEd college teachers. A sample of 200 BEd College teachers was selected by stratified random sampling technique. Due representation was given to male and female teachers and type of management namely private aided and private unaided colleges. Appropriate tools were administered and the data collected was analyzed by using’-test and co-efficient of co- relation. It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between ethical leadership behaviour of college principals and organizational commitment of BEd college teachers also revealed that teachers working under principals with high and moderate ethical leadership behaviour had higher levels of commitment than teachers working under principals with low ethical behaviour. Teachers working in private aided colleges, teachers on permanent basis and more experienced teachers had higher levels of organizational commitment. The study implies the need for principals to practice ethical behaviour.
Keywords: Organization, commitment, ethical, leadership behaviour of principals
Who Debarred "you‟?
Authors: Krishnan Vineetha 
Published: June 2018

The paper examines the idea of „unqualified public‟ in International Film Festival of Kerala, IFFK. The general notions about the public in IFFK will be described by narrating incidents and tales of hindrances people faced while entering into the above-mentioned space. The criticisms leveled against cinema in the discussions, outside the space, always contributed to number of censures of the Film Festival too, spurring debates centering around who should watch a movie or who should participate in IFFK. A paper that aims to understand the notion of public, in an international festival on films in Kerala, cannot possibly neglect the typical perspectives and publicnotions about movies, especially among a select group of people in Kerala. While unpacking the notions of who these public individuals are and what their opinions on films are, the paper will also raise questions such as: Do films really imagine a homogeneous public, an idea of public without differences? What is the film‟s conception of public sphere? Do films create a new kind of public sphere? Then, what about cinema kottakas and film festivals? The paper takes note of one of the burning controversies in 2014 in the history of IFFK, that each delegate should submit a note on his/her ideas about cinema. Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Malayalam film director had suggested that only those who know English can enjoy all the movies as the Festival includes movies in other languages with subtitles (Ramnath 2014). So I here look at how specifically, language becomes a key factor to determine a „qualified public‟ in IFFK, among other factors that aid in the manufacturing of the „qualified public‟. For this study on IFFK the aim would be to focus on the description and analysis of (unqualified) public in IFFK in relation to the recent controversies, to reveal the multi-layered construction of the „qualified public‟.
When God Fell Out of Heaven and Reemerged as Consciousness
Authors: Golan Ruth 
Published: June 2018

Today we face the consequences of ‗God's death‘, or falling out of heaven, and with him the collapse of many ideologies and values. We witness the disintegration of the Other, the dissolution of prohibition, and the confusion and angst it creates. Also we witness a growing movement back to dogmatic religion and the emergence of persecuting fathers or small Gods: like the rise of totalitarianism of the laws of the market and rating, and the compulsion to enjoy. Is there another alternative? Can psychoanalysis deal with these changes in new ways? This paper addresses these issues through clinical observations which show the tangent points of psychoanalysis, and spiritual and religious concepts. Examples include two cases of orthodox Jews, a man and a woman who obeyed the ceremonial aspects of religion to the letter; but there was no presence of god or spiritual experience whatsoever in their discourse. Therefore, they were struggling with broken identity, suffering and cynicism, and lost their defined place in the world. Two others: secular, atheistic man and woman discovered god and its representatives and found a new "name of the father".
Learning in College: Beyond the Classroom
Authors: Babu Savitha Suresh 
Published: June 2018

Learning in college often extends beyond classrooms and formal instruction. Various forms of student organisings can allow for learning beyond institutional curricula. In this paper, using two examples of collective mobilisations, I argue for paying keener attention to the informal within formal education spaces. Both the instances under discussion occur around the space of the hostel - located within the formal educational institution and yet, away from the formalised processes of learning and teaching. In varied ways, however, the forms of conversation that marks the coming together of students, has pedagogic significance. Specifically, conceiving students mobilising as an instance of anti-caste assertion or against implicitly accepted gender norms, I argue, provides students newer ways of thinking about the world - and must thus be conceptualised as learning. Not only are these informal learning spaces significant for the varied ways they could impact students; they are also important in holding the possibility to question hegemonic practices in educational institutions, and society at large.
Rajan Gurukkal on Indian Higher Education: Quality, Excellence in Neoliberal Times
Authors: Das Rolla 
Published: June 2018

Rajan Gurukkal is a leading social scientist and is currently the Sundararajan Visiting Professor at Centre for Contemporary Studies, Indian Institute of Science. He has been the former Vice Chancellor, M. G. University, Kottayam, Kerala. An avid reader, critical theorist and a prolific writer, he has authored several monographs, research articles and has been actively engaged with several projects in association with UGC, the Ford Foundation to name a few. His research interests explore the historiographic dimensions and dialectical processes involving the state and society. He can be reached at rgurukkal@gmail.com