bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An integrated approach for building sustainable Islamic social finance ecosystems
Authors: Tahiri Jouti Ahmed 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Bringing more impact seems to be a real issue for social initiatives and organizations requiring the adoption of new approaches. The paper aims to define an integrated approach for building, maintaining and upgrading Islamic social finance and sustainable ecosystems.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a conceptual framework based on case studies and literature review describing the methodology and the necessary steps to build sustainable ecosystems.

Findings
The paper shows the impact of building social finance ecosystems on tackling social issues. It emphasizes the idea that solving social issues is everybody’s business – from governments to businesses – and that those initiatives require sufficient Sharīʿah-compliant funding to achieve sustainability goals.

Research limitations/implications
The paper does not focus on the Islamic world experiences in building ecosystems serving social causes.

Practical implications
The paper gives an overview on how collaboration between the different social oriented organisations can enhance the social impact of the different initiatives. The aim is to ensure adequate financing to all the ecosystem components during the whole lifecycle.

Social implications
The suggested approach of building sustainable ecosystems can serve as a way to assess the existing social initiatives and practices to find relevant combinations targeting more impact.

Originality/value
In the social sphere, the idea of building ecosystems has been explored in different ways but never in a way that gathers all the components including finance providers, coordinators and the different types of initiatives. The paper adapts the ecosystem concept to the Islamic finance specificities.
Life calculation of angular contact ball bearings for industrial robot RV reducer
Authors: Deng Fukang , Li Kangchun , Hu Xiongfeng , Jiang Haifu , Huang Fuchuan 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the force and basic rating life of angular contact ball bearings of RV reducer under the actual operating condition.Design/methodology/approachForce analysis of angular contact ball bearing under the actual operating condition, calculate the axial, radial load and internal load distribution, calculate the basic rating life of angular contact ball bearing under variable load conditions.FindingsThe external load has a great influence on the radial load of angular contact ball bearing, further affecting the basic rating life of angular contact ball bearing, which is a great influence on the overall life of RV reducer under the condition of high frequency and heavy load.Originality/valueThis paper provides important ideas for the design and manufacture of RV reducer in theory and experiment technology.
Linear extended state observer-based control of active lubrication for active hydrostatic journal bearing by monitoring bearing clearance
Authors: Ur Rehman Waheed , Guiyun Jiang , Yuan Xin Luo , Yongqin Wang , Iqbal Nadeem , UrRehman Shafiq , Bibi Shamsa 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper’s aim is modeling and simulation of an advanced controller design for a novel mechatronics system that consists of a hydrostatic journal bearing with servo control. The proposed mechatronic system has more worth in tribology applications as compared to the traditional hydrostatic bearing which has limited efficiency and poor performance because of lower stiffness and load-carrying capacity. The proposed mechatronic system takes advantage of active lubrication to improve stiffness, rotor’s stability and load-carrying capacity.

Design/methodology/approach
The current work proposes extended state observer-based controller to control the active lubrication for hydrostatic journal bearing. The advantage of using observer is to estimate unknown state variables and lumped effects because of unmodeled dynamics, model uncertainties, and unknown external disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed mechatronic system is checked against the traditional hydrostatic bearing.

Findings
Proposed mechatronics active hydrostatic journal bearing system is checked against traditional hydrostatic journal bearing. It is found that novel active hydrostatic journal bearing with servo control has good tribology performance factors such as stiffness, less rotor vibration, no wear and friction under starting conditions and high load-carrying capacity under different conditions of spindle speed, temperature, initial oil pressure and external disturbance. The result shows that proposed mechatronics system has more worth in rotary tribology applications.

Originality/value
The current manuscript designs a novel active hydrostatic journal bearing system with servo control. The mathematical model has advantages in term of estimating unknown state variables and lumped effects because of unmodeled dynamics, model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances. The result shows improvement in dynamic characteristics of a hydrostatic journal bearing under different dynamic conditions.
Numerical investigation of tubular structures generated by cutting method and pattern scale factor (PSF) method
Authors: Ren Xin , Liu Fang Cheng , Zhang Xiang Yu , Xie Yi Min 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to study the tensile performance, deformation characteristics, auxeticity and stability of different auxetic tubular structures generated by cutting method and pattern scale factor (PSF) method using validated finite element analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Two types of auxetic tubular structures were designed by a coordinate transformation method and the PSF adjustment method, respectively. ABAQUS/explicit solver was used for the large deformation analysis and the displacement of key nodes was extracted to calculate Poisson’s ratio value and evaluate the deformation of tubular structures.

Findings
The random cut method was not suitable for designing auxetic tubular structures. Vertical and horizontal cut approach was suitable, but the change of the tubular diameter was lower than the tubular structures generated by the PSF adjustment method.

Research limitations/implications
Simple ways to generate auxetic tubular structure, which can be made into intelligent and foldable equipment, such as annuloplasty rings, angioplasty stents and oesophageal stents. By combined with shape memory polymer, various smart tubular materials and structures with various functions can be designed, especially in medical scaffold and other medical equipment fields.

Originality/value
The auxetic characteristic of tubular structure designed by using random cut method has been investigated for the first time. The outcome of this study would be very useful design tubular structures with better mechanical properties.
Modeling for prediction of surface roughness in milling medium density fiberboard with a parallel robot
Authors: Ayyildiz Mustafa 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss the utilization of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and multiple regression method for estimating surface roughness in milling medium density fiberboard (MDF) material with a parallel robot.Design/methodology/approachIn ANN modeling, performance parameters such as root mean square error, mean error percentage, mean square error and correlation coefficients (R2) for the experimental data were determined based on conjugate gradient back propagation, Levenberg–Marquardt (LM), resilient back propagation, scaled conjugate gradient and quasi-Newton back propagation feed forward back propagation training algorithm with logistic transfer function.FindingsIn the ANN architecture established for the surface roughness (Ra), three neurons [cutting speed (V), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (a)] were contained in the input layer, five neurons were included in its hidden layer and one neuron was contained in the output layer (3-5-1).Trials showed that LM learning algorithm was the best learning algorithm for the surface roughness. The ANN model obtained with the LM learning algorithm yielded estimation training valuesR2(97.5 per cent) and testing valuesR2(99 per cent). TheR2for multiple regressions was obtained as 96.1 per cent.Originality/valueThe result of the surface roughness estimation model showed that the equation obtained from the multiple regressions with quadratic model had an acceptable estimation capacity. The ANN model showed a more dependable estimation when compared with the multiple regression models. Hereby, these models can be used to effectively control the milling process to reach a satisfactory surface quality.
A new measurement for yaw estimation of land vehicles using MARG sensors
Authors: Shi Gang , Li Xisheng , Wang Zhe , Liu Yanxia 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The magnetometer measurement update plays a key role in correcting yaw estimation in fusion algorithms, and hence, the yaw estimation is vulnerable to magnetic disturbances. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability of the fusion algorithm to deal with magnetic disturbances.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an adaptive measurement equation based on vehicle status is derived, which can constrain the yaw estimation from drifting when vehicle is running straight. Using this new measurement, a Kalman filter-based fusion algorithm is constructed, and its performance is evaluated experimentally.

Findings
The experiments results demonstrate that the new measurement update works as an effective supplement to the magnetometer measurement update in the present of magnetic disturbances, and the proposed fusion algorithm has better yaw estimation accuracy than the conventional algorithm.

Originality/value
The paper proposes a new adaptive measurement equation for yaw estimation based on vehicle status. And, using this measurement, the fusion algorithm can not only reduce the weight of disturbed sensor measurement but also utilize the character of vehicle running to deal with magnetic disturbances. This strategy can also be used in other orientation estimation fields.
Virtual sensor for real-time estimation of the vehicle sideslip angle
Authors: Singh Kanwar Bharat 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The vehicle sideslip angle is an important state of vehicle lateral dynamics and its knowledge is crucial for the successful implementation of advanced driver-assistance systems. Measuring the vehicle sideslip angle on a production vehicle is challenging because of the exorbitant price of a physical sensor. This paper aims to present a novel framework for virtually sensing/estimating the vehicle sideslip angle. The desired level of accuracy for the estimator is to be within +/− 0.2 degree of the actual sideslip angle of the vehicle. This will make the precision of the proposed estimator at par with expensive commercially available sensors used for physically measuring the vehicle sideslip angle.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed estimator uses an adaptive tire model in conjunction with a model-based observer. The performance of the estimator is evaluated through experimental tests on a rear-wheel drive vehicle.

Findings
Detailed experimental results show that the developed system can reliably estimate the vehicle sideslip angle during both steady state and transient maneuvers, within the desired accuracy levels.

Originality/value
This paper presents a novel framework for vehicle sideslip angle estimation. The presented framework combines an adaptive tire model, an unscented Kalman filter-based axle force observer and data from tire mounted sensors. Tire model adaptation is achieved by making extensions to the magic formula, by accounting for variations in the tire inflation pressure, load, tread-depth and temperature. Predictions with the adapted tire model were validated by running experiments on the Flat-Trac® machine. The benefits of using an adaptive tire model for sideslip angle estimation are demonstrated through experimental tests. The performance of the observer is satisfactory, in both transient and steady state maneuvers. Future work will focus on measuring tire slip angle and road friction information using tire mounted sensors and using that information to further enhance the robustness of the vehicle sideslip angle observer.
Caspase‐1 inflammasome activity in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Rasmussen Gunlög , Idosa Berhane Asfaw , Bäckman Anders , Monecke Stefan , Strålin Kristoffer , Särndahl Eva , Söderquist Bo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that mediates caspase‐1 activation with subsequent maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18. The NLRP3 inflammasome is known to be activated by Staphylococcus aureus, one of the leading causes of bacteremia worldwide. Inflammasome activation and regulation in response to bacterial infection have been found to be of importance for a balanced host immune response. However, inflammasome signaling in vivo in humans initiated by S. aureus is currently sparsely studied. This study therefore aimed to investigate NLRP3 inflammasome activity in 20 patients with S. aureus bacteremia (SAB), by repeated measurement during the first week of bacteremia, compared with controls. Caspase‐1 activity was measured in monocytes and neutrophils by flow cytometry detecting FLICA (fluorescent‐labeled inhibitor of caspase‐1), while IL‐1β and IL‐18 was measured by Luminex and ELISA, respectively. As a measure of inflammasome priming, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of NLRP3, CASP1 (procaspase‐1), and IL1B (pro‐IL‐1β) was analyzed by quantitative PCR. We found induced caspase‐1 activity in innate immune cells with subsequent release of IL‐18 in patients during the acute phase of bacteremia, indicating activation of the inflammasome. There was substantial interindividual variation in caspase‐1 activity between patients with SAB. We also found an altered inflammasome priming with low mRNA levels of NLRP3 accompanied by elevated mRNA levels of IL1B. This increased knowledge of the individual host immune response in SAB could provide support in the effort to optimize management and treatment of each individual patient.
Intentional Homicide: A Fifteen‐Year Study (2000–2014) at the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”
Authors: Cipolloni Luigi , Besi Livia , Baldari Benedetta , La Russa Raffaele , Frati Paola , Fineschi Vittorio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study analyzes postmortem records from 260 homicide cases autopsied by the Department of Forensic Medicine in Rome from 2000 to 2014. The victims were mainly males (74%) and young (61% aged from 21 to 50 years). Although the victims were mostly Italians, the number of foreign victims (33%) has increased since 1990, primarily due to immigration. The offenders frequently used firearms (39%), particularly in multiple murders. An increase in blunt (20%) and sharp force (32%) weapons was also seen. The primary crime scene was residential (42%), and the head was the most frequently injured body region. Male victims occurred frequently in the context of organized crime (7.6%). In family or intimate‐sexual relationships, women were the majority of victims (8%). Forensic pathologists play an important role during investigation. They should consider all the information available to them, including autopsy information, crime scene information, and crime investigation data.
Plasma galectin‐3 levels do not differ in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Zhao Chan‐Na , Mao Yan‐Mei , Liu Li‐Na , Wu Qian , Dan Yi‐Lin , Pan Hai‐Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the plasma galectin‐3 levels in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and its relations with clinical and laboratory features.MethodsA total of 180 subjects with 90 patients with SLE (8 male, 82 female, mean age 37.86 ± 13.98 years) and 90 healthy controls (8 male, 82 female, mean age 36.54 ± 10.89 years) were included. Plasma galectin‐3 levels were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThere was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between SLE patients and healthy controls (both P > .05). Plasma galectin‐3 level was not significantly different between SLE patients and controls (P = .982) (P > .05). No significant difference was found regarding galectin‐3 levels between SLE with nephritis and those without nephritis (P > .05); no significant difference was found between less active SLE and more active SLE (P > .05). Galectin‐3 levels were inversely related to immune globulin M (r = −.303, P < .05), while no significant correlation between galectin‐3 levels and other quantitative laboratory parameters were observed (all P > .05).ConclusionsIn summary, plasma galectin‐3 level was not significantly different between SLE patients and controls (P = .982). Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of galectin‐3 in SLE.
Early birth is a key factor in educational disadvantage of twins: A data linkage study
Authors: Zeltzer Justin , Shand Antonia W. , Kelly Patrick , Hopper John L. , Scurrah Katrina J. , Nassar Natasha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo assess educational outcomes of twins and quantify the degree this is mediated by gestational age and other perinatal factors.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based record‐linkage cohort study of all live births ≥24 weeks gestation in New South Wales, Australia with a corresponding standardised school test result for grade 3 in 2008‐2014. The primary outcome was whether a child met the National Minimum Standard (NMS) cut‐off in literacy and numeracy domains. Robust multivariable Poisson models were used to obtain adjusted relative risks (aRRs), and mediation analysis conducted to assess contributing factors on the causal pathway.ResultsOf 351 791 liveborn infants, 10 365 (2.9%) were twins. After adjusting for maternal covariates and compared with singletons, twins had an increased risk of not meeting the NMS for all five literacy and numeracy domains (aRR 1.27‐1.45, P < .001). Gestational age alone mediated up to 73% of aRRs and small for gestational age further attenuated these effects with only minimal risk remaining after adjusting for all mediators (aRR 0.94‐1.07).ConclusionAlmost all of the educational disadvantage experienced by twins, compared with singletons, is attributable to the risk associated with shorter gestational age, and partly by poor foetal growth. These findings support efforts to prolong gestation of twin pregnancies.
Desired vancomycin trough concentration to achieve an AUC0‐24/MIC ≥400 in Chinese children with complicated infectious diseases
Authors: Zhang Tao , Cheng Hua , Pan Zhenyu , Mi Jie , Dong Yuzhu , Zhang Ying , Sun Dan , Du Qian , Cheng Xiaoliang , Dong Yalin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA vancomycin steady‐state trough concentration (Cmin) of 15‐20 mg/L is recommended for achieving a ratio of the 24‐hour area under the curve to the minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC0‐24/MIC) of ≥400 in adults. Since few paediatric data are available, our objectives were to (a) measure the pharmacokinetic indices of vancomycin and (b) determine the correlation between Cmin and AUC0‐24/MIC in paediatric patients. Population‐based pharmacokinetic modelling was performed for paediatric patients to estimate the individual parameters. The relationship between Cmin and the calculated AUC0‐24/MIC was explored using linear regression and a probabilistic framework. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted using Monte Carlo simulations. Body‐weight significantly influenced the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin. Based on real data and simulations, Cmin ranges of 5.0‐5.9 and 9.0‐12.9 mg/L were associated with AUC0‐24/MIC ≥400 for MIC values of ≤0.5 and ≤1 mg/L, respectively. Vancomycin regimens of 10 and 15 mg/kg every 6 hours achieved a Cmin of 5.0‐5.9 mg/L and AUC0‐24/MIC ≥400 in >90% of the children when MIC was ≤0.5 mg/L. At a MIC of ≤1 mg/L, vancomycin at 15 mg/kg every 6 hours achieved Cmin of 9.0‐12.9 mg/L and AUC0‐24/MIC ≥400 in 2.0‐ and 1.6‐fold as many children compared to a dose of 10 mg/kg every 6 hours, respectively. Vancomycin Cmin values of 5.0‐12.9 mg/L were strongly predictive of achieving AUC0‐24/MIC ≥400, and rational dosing regimens of 10‐15 mg/kg q6h were required in paediatric patients, depending on the pathogen.
The prostacyclin analogue treprostinil in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Lindegaard Pedersen Mia , Krüger Marcus , Grimm Daniela , Infanger Manfred , Wehland Markus 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but life‐threatening disease that progresses rapidly and is currently without a cure. Pharmacological treatments aim to slow down disease progression and to reduce symptoms by targeting the prostacyclin, the endothelin or the nitric oxide pathway. Drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway have been shown to be favourable for PAH patients by causing vasodilatative, anti‐proliferative as well as anti‐inflammatory effects, but tend to be underused, partially due to adverse effects and difficulties associated with their intravenous administration. Treprostinil, a stable prostacyclin analogue, was FDA‐approved in 2002 to improve exercise capacity in PAH patients and is available in intravenous, subcutaneous, inhaled and oral form. The four different possible ways of administration, a long half‐life and its stability at room temperature give treprostinil an advantage over epoprostenol, iloprost and selexipag, the three other FDA‐approved drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway. In clinical trials, treprostinil improved exercise capacity, quality of life (QOL), functional class and clinical status. While the different forms of treprostinil lead to specific complications, its general adverse effects are dizziness, nausea, pain in the jaw and extremities, diarrhoea, flushing and headache. This MiniReview will assess the benefits and drawbacks of treprostinil in the treatment of PAH by examining its specific mechanism of action and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects and interactions. In addition, we will analyse and discuss results from different clinical trials, comparing treprostinil's four different forms to each other as well as to other drugs targeting the prostacyclin pathway.