bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular phylogenetics provides unequivocal support for reclassifying Cathaemasia hians longivitellata and C. h. hians (Trematoda: Cathaemasiidae) as two valid species with different host preferences
Authors: Heneberg Petr , Sitko Jiljí 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The two stork species that nest in Central Europe, Ciconia ciconia and Ciconia nigra, have been repeatedly shown to host the digenetic trematode Cathaemasia hians (Rudolphi, 1809) in their esophagus and muscular stomach. These host species differ in their habitat and food preferences, and the morphologic characters of C. hians isolates ex Ci. nigra and Ci. ciconia are not identical. These differences led to a previous proposal of two subspecies, Cathaemasia hians longivitellata Macko, 1960, and Cathaemasia hians hians Macko, 1960. We hypothesize that the Cathaemasia hians isolates ex Ci. nigra and Ci. ciconia represent two independent species. Therefore, in the present study, we performed the first molecular analyses of C. hians individuals that were consistent with the diagnosis of C. hians hians (ex Ci. nigra) and C. hians longivitellata (ex Ci. ciconia). The combined molecular and comparative morphological analyses of the central European Cathaemasia individuals ex Ci. nigra and Ci. ciconia led to the proposal of a split of C. hians into C. hians sensu stricto (formerly C. hians hians) and C. longivitellata sp. n. (formerly C. hians longivitellata). Morphological analyses confirmed that the length of the vitellaria is the key identification feature of the two previously mentioned species. Both Cathaemasia spp. substantially differ at the molecular level and have strict host specificity, which might be related to differences in the habitat and food preferences of the two stork species.
Shared differential factors underlying individual spontaneous neural activity abnormalities in major depressive disorder
Authors: Han Shaoqiang , Tian Ya , Zheng Ruiping , Wen Baohong , Liu Liang , Liu Hao , Wei Yarui , Chen Huafu , Zhao Zongya , Xia Mingrui , Sun Xiaoyi , Wang Xiaoqin , Wei Dongtao , Liu Bangshan , Huang Chu-Chung , Zheng Yanting , Wu Yankun , Chen Taolin , Cheng Yuqi , Xu Xiufeng , Gong Qiyong , Si Tianmei , Qiu Shijun , Lin Ching-Po , Tang Yanqing , Wang Fei , Qiu Jiang , Xie Peng , Li Lingjiang , He Yong , Chen Yuan , Zhang Yong ,   DIDA-MDD Working Group, Cheng Jingliang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn contemporary neuroimaging studies, it has been observed that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit aberrant spontaneous neural activity, commonly quantified through the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF). However, the substantial individual heterogeneity among patients poses a challenge to reaching a unified conclusion.MethodsTo address this variability, our study adopts a novel framework to parse individualized ALFF abnormalities. We hypothesize that individualized ALFF abnormalities can be portrayed as a unique linear combination of shared differential factors. Our study involved two large multi-center datasets, comprising 2424 patients with MDD and 2183 healthy controls. In patients, individualized ALFF abnormalities were derived through normative modeling and further deconstructed into differential factors using non-negative matrix factorization.ResultsTwo positive and two negative factors were identified. These factors were closely linked to clinical characteristics and explained group-level ALFF abnormalities in the two datasets. Moreover, these factors exhibited distinct associations with the distribution of neurotransmitter receptors/transporters, transcriptional profiles of inflammation-related genes, and connectome-informed epicenters, underscoring their neurobiological relevance. Additionally, factor compositions facilitated the identification of four distinct depressive subtypes, each characterized by unique abnormal ALFF patterns and clinical features. Importantly, these findings were successfully replicated in another dataset with different acquisition equipment, protocols, preprocessing strategies, and medication statuses, validating their robustness and generalizability.ConclusionsThis research identifies shared differential factors underlying individual spontaneous neural activity abnormalities in MDD and contributes novel insights into the heterogeneity of spontaneous neural activity abnormalities in MDD.
The problem of history in Thomas Torrance and Bernard Lonergan
Authors: Maclean Stanley 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The essay compares the problem of history in the theological methods of the Reformed theologian Thomas Torrance and the Catholic theologian Bernard Lonergan. Lonergan works to incorporate historical science into theology, while Torrance argues for a revision of historical science. Lonergan's method is a synthesis of Catholic theology and history, but it is one constructed at the expense of eschatology and the full significance of Christ's resurrection. Torrance's method, on the contrary, includes a dogmatic understanding of history that is grounded solidly on the ‘Word-Act’ of God – the incarnation and resurrection of Christ. It gives full weight to eschatology but elides the contingencies of history.
Unlikely Allies: Lao Insurgent Perspectives of Armed Group Transnational Collaboration in the Emerald Triangle Region during the Third Indochina War
Authors: Baird Ian G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
During the Third Indochina War (1979-1991), the ideological alignments of involved parties differed from those during the Second Indochina War, also known as the Vietnam War. Whereas the Second Indochina War pitted communists squarely against non-communists and anti-communists, the Third Indochina War was more complicated and less ideological or political, with communists often fighting against other communists due to the Sino-Soviet ideological split. The enemy of one's enemy was frequently viewed as a friend, often leading to unlikely alliances not rooted in ideological or political similarities. In this article, I argue that it is important to consider the unlikely alliances that emerged during the Third Indochina War by focusing on the particular cross-border interactions and conflicts between communists and non-communists that occurred in the Emerald Triangle, the tri-border region between Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. Focusing particularly on the Lao insurgent perspective, I consider how Lao anti-communist insurgents, the Khmer Rouge, the Communist Party of Thailand, other armed groups, and the Thai military participated in transnational collaboration in this region during the Third Indochina War. In particular, based largely on Lao-language interviews with key figures in the Lao insurgency conducted for over a decade, I examine how Lao insurgents interacted with Khmer Rouge to oppose a common enemy, communist Vietnam and their allies, the People's Republic of Kampuchea and the Lao People's Democratic Republic, and how the Thai military supported them, but only insofar as it enabled them to maintain control over security inside Thailand.
Length of Day Variations Explained in a Bayesian Framework
Authors: Kiani Shahvandi Mostafa , Noir Jérõme , Mishra Siddhartha , Soja Benedikt 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLength of Day (LOD) observations in the range 720 BCE to 2020—derived from lunar occultation and eclipse records—feature a secular trend and various long‐period fluctuations. While recent estimates show that the secular trend is caused by the combination of lunar tidal friction and glacial isostatic adjustment, the causes of long‐period fluctuations remain ambiguous. We first compute the climatic effects and show that they are anti‐correlated with the observed fluctuations and their amplitude is 10 smaller. Then, we focus on core dynamics and solve for simplified equations of magnetohydrodynamics, namely tangential geostrophy, using Bayesian Physics‐Informed Neural Networks (BPINNs) and independent archeomagnetic and modern geomagnetic observations. Within the observation and reconstruction uncertainty we can reconcile the LOD observations with reconstructions of BPINNs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LOD variations reconstructed by dynamics of Magneto‐Archimedes‐Coriolis waves do not explain the observed fluctuations. These results have considerable implications for internal and external geodynamics.
Genetic basis of early onset and progression of type 2 diabetes in South Asians
Authors: Hodgson Sam , Williamson Alice , Bigossi Margherita , Stow Daniel , Jacobs Benjamin M. , Samuel Miriam , Gafton Joseph , Zöllner Julia , Spreckley Marie ,   Genes & Health Research Team, Akhtar Shaheen , Angel Ana , Asgar Omar , Ashraf Samina , Bidi Saeed , Breen Gerome , Broster James , Chung Raymond , Collier David , Curtis Charles J. , Chaudhary Shabana , Colligan Grainne , Deloukas Panos , Durham Ceri , Durrani Faiza , Eto Fabiola , Gafton Joseph , Griffiths Chris , Harvey Joanne , Heng Teng , Huang Qin Qin , Hunt Karen A. , Hurles Matt , Hussain Shapna , Islam Kamrul , Iyer Vivek , Kalantzis Georgios , Khan Ahsan , Lavery Cath , Lee Sang Hyuck , MacArthur Daniel , Maher Eamonn , Malawsky Daniel , Malik Sidra , Martin Hilary , Mason Dan , Mazid Mohammed Bodrul , McDermott John , Morton Caroline , Newman Bill , Ovchinnikov Vladimir , Owor Elizabeth , Popov Iaroslav , Qureshi Asma , Raza Mehru , Russell Jessry , Rison Stuart , Safa Nishat , Salman Annum , Simpson Michael , Solly John , Taylor Michael , Trembath Richard C. , Tricker Karen , Van Heel David A. , Walter Klaudia , Whalley Jan , Winckley Caroline , Wood Suzanne , Wright John , Yasmin Sabina , Zengeya Ishevanhu , Langenberg Claudia , van Heel David A. , Mathur Rohini , Siddiqui Moneeza K. , Finer Sarah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
South Asians develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) early in life and often with normal body mass index (BMI). However, reasons for this are poorly understood because genetic research is largely focused on European ancestry groups. We used recently derived multi-ancestry partitioned polygenic scores (pPSs) to elucidate underlying etiological pathways British Pakistani and British Bangladeshi individuals with T2D (n = 11,678) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (n = 1,965) in the Genes & Health study (n = 50,556). Beta cell 2 (insulin deficiency) and Lipodystrophy 1 (unfavorable fat distribution) pPSs were most strongly associated with T2D, GDM and younger age at T2D diagnosis. Individuals at high genetic risk of both insulin deficiency and lipodystrophy were diagnosed with T2D 8.2 years earlier with BMI 3 kg m−
2 lower compared to those at low genetic risk. The insulin deficiency pPS was associated with poorer HbA1c response to SGLT2 inhibitors. Insulin deficiency and lipodystrophy pPSs were associated with faster progression to insulin dependence and microvascular complications. South Asians had a greater genetic burden from both of these pPSs than white Europeans in the UK Biobank. In conclusion, genetic predisposition to insulin deficiency and lipodystrophy in British Pakistani and British Bangladeshi individuals is associated with earlier onset of T2D, faster progression to complications, insulin dependence and poorer response to medication.
Ultra-wideband microstrip folded antenna for wireless LAN, 5G and Internet of Things applications
Authors: Pandey Utkarsh , Singh Parulpreet , Singh Raghvendra , Kumar Vivek , Ray Kanad , Mallik Saurav , Alshahrani Haya Mesfer , Elshiekh E. , Abbas Mohamed , Soufiene Ben Othman 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip antenna with a simple structure operating at 2.2–6 GHz bandwidth. The proposed antenna has been demonstrated for its suitability in UWB and multi-band applications, such as wireless local area network (WLAN), Wi-Fi, 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), etc. The antenna is shown to use a simple folded dipole antenna structure demonstrating an omnidirectional radiation pattern of gain 0.8 to 6 dBi throughout the frequency band. The antenna has strong gain at 2.4, 3.5 and 5.5 GHz. The measured results are shown to have a good agreement with the simulated results.
A deep learning based hybrid recommendation model for internet users
Authors: Sami Amany , Adrousy Waleed El , Sarhan Shahenda , Elmougy Samir 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecommendation Systems (RS) play a crucial role in delivering personalized item suggestions, yet traditional methods often struggle with accuracy, scalability, efficiency, and cold-start challenges. This paper presents the HRS-IU-DL model, a novel hybrid recommendation system that advances the field by integrating multiple sophisticated techniques to enhance both accuracy and relevance. The proposed model uniquely combines user-based and item-based Collaborative Filtering (CF) to effectively analyze user-item interactions, Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF) to capture complex non-linear relationships, and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to identify sequential patterns in user behavior. Furthermore, it incorporates Content-Based Filtering (CBF) with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) for in-depth analysis of item attributes. A key contribution of this work is the innovative fusion of CF, NCF, RNN, and CBF, which collectively address significant challenges such as data sparsity, the cold-start problem, and the increasing demand for personalized recommendations. Additionally, the model employs N-Sample techniques to recommend the top 10 similar items based on user-specified genres, leveraging methods like Cosine Similarity, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and TF-IDF. The HRS-IU-DL model is rigorously evaluated on the publicly available Movielens 100k dataset using train-test splits. Performance is assessed using metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Precision, and Recall. The results demonstrate that the HRS-IU-DL model not only outperforms state-of-the-art approaches but also achieves substantial improvements across these evaluation metrics, highlighting its contribution to the advancement of RS technology.
New discoveries in bile acids, gut microbiota and host interactions in health and diseases
Authors: Gillard Justine , Leclercq Isabelle 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the past 20 years, basic research has robustly demonstrated the regulatory role of bile acids in physiological processes, primarily by the discovery and the study of their specific receptors and the understanding of the pathways they modulate. The dysregulation of the bile acid pool and the perturbation of bile acid signaling have been implicated in the pathophysiology of various clinical conditions, including cardiometabolic, cholestatic and inflammatory diseases. Consequently, bile acids have emerged as promising therapeutic targets, with compounds to modulate bile acid metabolism and signaling being actively investigated in pre-clinical and clinical settings. Despite these advancements, much remains to be understood before bile acid metabolism and bile acid-regulated pathways can be effectively manipulated for health protection. As a step forward in this direction, Clinical Science has curated a themed collection on the new discoveries in bile acids, gut microbiota and host interactions in health and diseases. This collection emphasizes mechanistic research papers, connecting basic science to disease mechanisms, aiming to enhance the understanding of the role of bile acids in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Willingness of Hearing Help–Seekers With Low Incomes to Pay for Hearing Aids, Services, and Over-the-Counter Devices
Authors: Johnson Carole E. , Jilla Anna Marie , Johnston Daniel , Baldwin Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Our aims were to assess associations between patient-related variables and willingness to pay (WTP) for advanced digital technology (ADT) hearing aids, services, and over-the-counter (OTC) devices.

Method:
A cross-sectional postal survey was sent to 106 individuals presenting to a low-income community hearing aid bank eliciting patient-related variables (age, monthly income, gender, race, educational level, employment status, number in household, self-reported hearing difficulty without amplification [quiet and noise], hours/day hearing aid use, and satisfaction with services) and their WTP for ADT hearing aids, services, and OTC devices. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between WTP and patient-related variables.

Results:

Forty-eight surveys were returned for a response rate of 51.1% (48/[106–12 return to sender]). Only monthly income (
Mdn
= $1,283) was associated with WTP for one ADT hearing aid (
Mdn
WTP
= $250). Age was the only variable significantly associated with WTP for services (
Mdn
WTP
= $100). None of the variables were associated with WTP for OTC devices, and 61.7% (29 of 47) of participants would not be willing to pay any amount for one.

Conclusions:
Participants' WTP for one ADT hearing aid and services were low and was likely due to a lack of financial resources. Most would not be willing to pay anything for an OTC device.
Kalkayotl 2.0
Authors: Olivares J. , Bouy H. , Dorn-Wallenstein T. Z. , Berihuete A. 
Published: November 2024

Context. Star-forming regions, stellar associations, and open clusters are fundamental stellar systems where predictions from star-formation theories can be robustly contrasted with observations.
Aims. We aim to provide the astrophysical community with a free and open-source code to infer the phase-space (i.e. positions and velocities) parameters of stellar systems with ≲1000 stars based on Gaia astrometry and possibly observed radial velocities.
Methods. We upgrade an existing Bayesian hierarchical model and extend it to model 3D (positions) and 6D (positions and velocities) stellar coordinates and system parameters with a flexible variety of statistical models, including a linear velocity field. This velocity field allows for the inference of internal kinematics, including expansion, contraction, and rotation.
Results. We extensively validated our statistical models using realistic simulations that mimic the properties of the Gaia Data Release 3. We applied Kalkayotl to β-Pictoris, the Hyades, and Praesepe, recovering parameter values compatible with those from the literature. In particular, we found an expansion age of 19.1 ± 1.0 Myr for β-Pictoris and rotational signal of 32 ± 11 m s−1 pc−1 for the Hyades and that Praesepe’s rotation reported in the literature comes from its periphery.
Conclusions. The robust and flexible Bayesian hierarchical model that we make publicly available here represents a step forward in the statistical modelling of stellar systems. The products it delivers, such as expansion, contraction, rotation, and velocity dispersions, can be directly contrasted with predictions from star-formation theories.
Frischer Wind für alte Strukturen
Authors: Weber Ruth Anna , Gaßmann Marie-Luise 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Arbeitswelt verändert sich rapide. Das erfordert neue Führungsmodelle, die auf Selbstorganisation,
Dezentralisierung und flexiblen Arbeitsformen basieren. Lesen Sie mehr über Personalentwicklungsprojekte,
die auch noch finanziell gefördert werden.
Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Unfractionated Heparin Administered Every 8 hours for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Reconstructive Head and Neck Tumor Patients: A Systematic Review and 6-Year Institutional Case Series
Authors: Cevik Jevan , Newland David P. , Cheong Edward , Cabalag Miguel , Ramakrishnan Anand 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Patients with head and neck tumors undergoing free flap reconstructions are at high risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). To date, no specific guidelines are available regarding VTE prophylaxis in this patient group. This study aims to contribute to this scarcity of information by reviewing the literature regarding anticoagulation regimens in this patient group and evaluating the efficacy and safety of postoperative subcutaneous heparin dosed at 5,000 units every 8 hours routinely utilized at our institution.
Methods PubMed and Embase databases were searched from inception until November 2023. Data were collected and levels of evidence were evaluated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine guidelines. Additionally, a retrospective review of all patients with head and neck tumors undergoing free tissue transfer at our institution between 2015 and 2021 was performed. Patients were restricted to those receiving 5,000 units of subcutaneous heparin every 8 hours postoperatively. Key outcomes included rates of VTE and surgical site hematoma.
Results This systematic review found 15 studies eligible for inclusion ranging from 1998 to 2023. Anticoagulation regimens were markedly heterogenous. Among the literature, VTE rates reported ranged from 0 to 9.6% and bleeding rates ranged between 3.5 and 29%. Our 6-year institutional analysis revealed 393 total patients. Overall, three episodes of VTE were identified (0.76%) consisting of one deep vein thrombosis and two pulmonary emboli. The overall rate of hematoma was 9.4% with a higher rate of hematoma at the recipient site (8.1%) than the donor site (1.3%).
Conclusion When compared with the existing literature this study found a low rate of VTE and a comparable incidence postoperative hematoma. This suggests that 5,000 units of subcutaneous heparin given every 8 hours may be a safe and effective postoperative anticoagulation regimen for these patients.
Phytochemical Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Cycloartane-Type Triterpenes in Astragalus adsurgens and Astragalus membranaceus
Authors: Zhou Guanglian , Chen Yin , Xu Bingyan , Peng Guoqing , Wang Li , Huang Jian-Ping , Yu Zhiyin , Huang Sheng-Xiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Astragalus adsurgens, a significant forage plant cultivated in arid regions of northwest China, remains underexplored for its triterpenoid saponins and medicinal properties compared to the extensively studied Astragalus membranaceus. To explore the phytochemical profile of A. adsurgens for its potential application in the medical field, we employed ultra-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometry-based method to identify cycloartane-type triterpenes. Eventually, five new cycloartane-type triterpenoids, adsurgosides A – D (
1 – 4) and 3-methyl-3,4-seco-cyclostellanol (5), together with two known analogs, cycloastragenol (6) and cyclopycanthogenin (7), were isolated from the roots of A. adsurgens. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR analyses in combination with HRESIMS data. Additionally, a comparative study on the distribution patterns of these compounds revealed qualitative and quantitative variations between A. adsurgens and A. membranaceus. Our findings not only identified an alternative plant for isolating cycloartane-type triterpenoids but also offer new insights into the chemical properties of A. adsurgens.