bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Thermal Imaging Complex for Medical Diagnostics
Authors: Potrakhov N. N. , Rostachev S. A. , Ladozhskaya-Gapeenko E. E. , Guk K. K. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Recent developments in the field of thermal imaging technology and the accumulated experience in instrumental analysis of thermal processes in the patient’s body indicate the prospects of developing new medical thermal imaging systems (thermal imagers).Aim. Creation of a low-budget domestic thermal imaging system for medical diagnostics with expanded functionality.Materials and methods. The distribution of temperature over the surface of the human body depends on its internal state and external environment. For each person, this distribution has its own physiological characteristics, the study and interpretation of which can be significant for diagnosing specific pathologies or assessing the general (psychophysical) state of the patient. Analysis of temperature fields on the surface of the human body makes it possible to diagnose various pathological processes manifested in the form of local temperature changes in individual areas. The proposed method for thermal diagnostics involves measuring the temperature at each point of such an area simultaneously (statically) or over a period of time (dynamically). In comparison with conventional approaches, two thermal imaging sensors are used for this purpose. These include a small-sized matrix (thus being low cost) and a point sensor. Such a combination of sensors provides for the necessary discretization of the temperature field image of sufficiently large areas of the surface of the human body, when shooting from a distance significantly reduced compared to the conventional approach.Results. A conceptual electrical circuit and a layout of a modern thermal imaging system are developed. The advantages of the proposed thermal imager over similar devices are assessed. A method for recording and analyzing temperature in a certain point and temperature fields of both separate areas and large areas on the surface of the human body is proposed and tested.Conclusion. The conducted testing of a material model of the proposed thermal imaging system using the facilities of large medical institutions in St. Petersburg showed its wide functionality along with simplicity and convenience.
A Versatile Gyro Inclinometer, Adaptive to the Borehole Trajectory, Based on a Uniaxial Angular Rate Sensor
Authors: Binder Ya. I. , Khazov I. A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. An approach to designing a gyroscopic inclinometer (GI) based on a single uniaxial angular rate sensor (ARS) is developed. It is argued that such an ARS should be considered a modification of a longitudinal GI scheme, preserving the well-known disadvantages of its performance characteristics. The latter include a lack of adaptability to the trajectory, i.e., commensurability of GI errors at different zenith angles. This work sets out to develop a scheme with one ARS in order to achieve a multiple increase in the accuracy of azimuth measurements for vertical and adjacent-to-the-vertical boreholes when the GI is operated in continuous mode.Aim. To make a GI based on a uniaxial angular velocity sensor more adaptive to the borehole trajectory thought its design modification and a comparative analysis of errors.Materials and methods. Algorithms for ideal operation of the proposed scheme in continuous mode are synthesized based on matrix transformations of coordinates and Euler equations. The properties of orientation errors are examined using linearization methods, integral calculus, fundamentals of the calculus of variations, and the theory of linear differential equations.Results. The adaptivity of the modified GI scheme to the borehole trajectory was achieved by means of a structurally provided deviation of the ARS sensitivity axis by a certain angle of non-orthogonality to the GI longitudinal axis. When designing a GI based on the developed approach, it is possible to realize the value of this angle of 20°. For this angle, the increase in the compassing error does not exceed the uncertainty of the ARS drift statistical characteristics, while achieving an effective level of adaptivity to the borehole trajectory in continuous mode.Conclusion. The developed scheme makes it possible to significantly reduce the influence of the ARS drift on the accuracy of azimuth calculation in the transitional zenith angles area (from vertical to directional boreholes) in comparison with the well-known longitudinal scheme, thereby maintaining an increased initial azimuth accuracy during movement in the initial alignment at the wellhead.
Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema in a Member Participating in a Special Tactics Selection Course
Authors: O’Keefe Courtney L. , Clemente Fuentes Roselyn W. , Salinas Eric 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE), also called immersion pulmonary edema, is a form of exertional pulmonary edema associated with swimming and/or water immersion without aspiration. Most case reports on SIPE feature young, healthy patients who were scuba-diving, surface swimming, snorkeling, or breath-hold diving before experiencing symptoms of dyspnea, chest pain/tightness, cough, and hemoptysis. The incidence of SIPE is thought to be between 0.4–5%. Although symptoms typically resolve with oxygenation and ventilation, SIPE can be fatal, making recognition of SIPE crucial, especially for operational medical providers overseeing water training events and exercises.
CASE REPORT: A 28-yr-old healthy man began experiencing severe shortness of breath during early morning pool training. Oxygen saturation was in the low 80s and the patient was put on 15-L supplemental oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. Rales were present bilaterally on lung auscultation. He denied aspiration of water. Due to his persistent hypoxia, the patient was transported to an emergency department. He received a two-view chest X-ray, showing only bibasilar pulmonary opacities. He maintained 100% saturation once oxygen was removed and was able to be discharged to continue in the selection course.
DISCUSSION: Although SIPE may affect a small percentage of swimmers, military training in extreme conditions such as cold, lack of sleep, and profound exertion increases the risk for SIPE. Additionally, a patient who develops SIPE in the water is at risk for drowning. As SIPE may be fatal, military providers, especially those working with Special Operations, must be aware of how to diagnose and treat SIPE.
O’Keefe CL, Clemente Fuentes RW, Salinas E. Swimming-induced pulmonary edema in a member participating in a special tactics selection course. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(12):937–939.
Shedding light on negative cultures in osteoarticular infections: leveraging mNGS to unravel risk factors and microbial profiles
Authors: Ding Haiqi , Huang Jiexin , Lin Lan , Chen Yang , Wang Qijin , Li Wenbo , Huang Ying , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Wenming 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to utilize metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to analyze the risk factors causing negative microbial cultures, comprehensively delineate the microbial profiles neglected by traditional cultures, and optimize the pathogenetic diagnostic procedure accordingly.Research design and methodsWe enrolled 341 patients diagnosed with OI at our center between 2016 and 2022, and gathered data including age, gender, clinical diagnosis, duration of antibiotic use prior to sampling, microbial culture results, and mNGS results for these patients. According to microbial detection results, risk factors for negative microbial culture and mNGS results were investigated through univariate and multivariate analyses, and the microbial profile in cases with negative microbial cultures was summarized in conjunction with mNGS results. Building upon this, we suggest strategies to enhance the positivity rate of microbial cultures based on clinical experience.ResultsInvasive osteoarticular infection (IOI), multi-infections, rare pathogen infections, and prior antibiotic use are risk factors for negative microbial cultures. When the duration of prior antibiotic use is ≥3 days, mNGS demonstrates significantly higher pathogen detection efficiency than microbial culture. Moreover, the risk of negative microbial culture increases by 4.8 times with the exposure to each additional risk factor (OR=4.043, 95%CI [2.835, 5.765], P&lt;0.001). Additionally, over one-third of culture-negative OI involve polymicrobial infections or rare pathogens.ConclusionsClinicians should tailor microbial culture strategies based on patient conditions. When needed, they can collaborate with mNGS or optimize microbial culture conditions based on mNGS results to enhance the efficiency of pathogen diagnosis.
Working toward transformation: educational leaders' use of continuous improvement to advance equity
Authors: Stosich Elizabeth Leisy 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis comparative case study explores how educational leaders in three networked improvement communities (NICs) situated in the same school district use a continuous improvement (CI) approach, improvement science, to address equity-focused problems of practice. The district that is the focus of this study represents a critical case for understanding educational leaders' use of CI approaches as a lever for equity-focused school reform because the system and state in which it was situated had made ongoing investments in both advancing equity in schools and using various CI approaches.MethodsData collection and analysis focused on interviews with four district leaders and eight school leaders, observations of ~24 h of NIC meetings and planning meetings, and document collection. I draw on sensemaking theory to understand the factors that supported and/or constrained educational leaders' use of CI to advance equity, including more dominant and transformative equity work.ResultsAll educational leaders in the study described and were observed attending to equity as they engaged in CI. The district's sustained investments in equity-focused reform, the use of Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles, data use, and NIC facilitation each acted as important factors that shaped this process.DiscussionAdvancing equity is long term work that involves addressing deeply rooted beliefs, changing policies and practices, and redesigning systems. Study findings suggest that districts may be more successful in leveraging CI to advance equity when they combine this action-oriented approach with a sustained focus on disrupting oppressive mindsets, values, and beliefs that can hinder transformational change.
Clerodendranthus spicatus [Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.] maintains uric acid homeostasis via regulating gut microbiota and restrains renal inflammation in hyperuricemic nephropathy
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Kaiwen , Yan Siya , Li Ge , Cheng Meifang , Chen Qian , Wu Yuzheng , Wang Dan , Wang Tao 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe kidney damage caused by the deposition of uric acid in the kidneys is of urgent need for new treatment drugs due to its complex pathogenesis. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. Also known as C. spicatus, which has a significant therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN), however, the specific mechanism of its action is still unknown.MethodsThe HN mice model was constructed using adenine (AD) and potassium oxonate (PO), and serum biochemical indexes, kidney pathological changes, xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in the liver, and renal protein expressions of phosphoribose pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) and uric acid transporter were detected. The effects of C. spicatus on uric acid lowering, anti-inflammation, and renal protection of HN mice were verified. The effect of C. spicatus on gut microbiota was assessed by 16 S rRNA sequencing. Establish pseudo-sterile mice through the combined treatment of ampicillin, neomycin, and vancomycin to verify the role of gut microbiota in improving HN in C. spicatus.ResultsIn HN mice, C. spicatus could significantly reduce serum uric acid levels and improve renal function. In addition, C. spicatus modulated gut microbiota and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Alistipes, and increased the abundance of Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group.C.spicatus altered the expression of the renal urate transporter and key enzymes in hepatic urate synthesis, leading to a decrease in serum uric acid levels. C. spicatus alleviated kidney inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 and TLR4/MYD88 inflammatory pathways, and reduced the level of kidney inflammatory factors. It also improved kidney damage by inhibiting the process of renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and improved kidney fibrosis. In pseudo-sterile HN mice, without the effect of gut microbiota, the uric acid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and renal fibrosis improving effects of C. spicatus were significantly reduced.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that C. spicatus could reduce uric acid levels, anti-inflammatory effects, and improve HN by regulating the gut microbiota. This provides a novel scientific basis for the clinical application of C. spicatus.
The mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between physical exercise and sense of security among left-behind junior high school students: multi-group comparative analysis of only children and children with siblings
Authors: Xia Qifei , Liu Qi , Qin Guoyou 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between physical exercise and the sense of security among junior high school students, with a particular focus on variations based on only-child status.MethodsA survey was conducted among 649 left-behind junior high school students in Gansu Province, China, utilizing the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), Security Questionnaire (SQ), and Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA).ResultsAmong the participants, the mean scores for physical exercise, psychological resilience, and sense of security were 40.78 ± 29.49, 51.14 ± 10.08, and 55.75 ± 14.35, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between physical exercise and sense of security (r = 0.210, p &lt; 0.01), physical exercise and psychological resilience (r = 0.164, p &lt; 0.01), and psychological resilience and sense of security (r = 0.443, p &lt; 0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological resilience partially mediates the effect of physical exercise on the sense of security, accounting for 33.9% of the total effect. Multi-group analysis indicated significant differences in this mediating effect between only children and children with siblings, with a stronger predictive role of psychological resilience for the sense of security among non-only children.ConclusionParticipation in physical exercise can promote the improvement of sense of security through the individual power factor of improving the psychological resilience of left-behind junior high school students, and this improvement effect is more significant for non-only children.
Antimicrobial and Oxidative Activities of Different Levels of Silver-Exchanged Zeolites X and ZSM-5 and Their Ecotoxicity
Authors: Pavlova Elitsa L. , Nenova Elena P. , Yocheva Lyubomira D. , Ivanova Iliana A. , Georgiev Peter A. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The antimicrobial, oxidative activities, and ecotoxicity of synthesized silver-loaded zeolites (X and ZSM-5(MFI), Si-to-Al ratios 12 and 25) were studied, linking antimicrobial properties to material structure and released active silver species. Methods: The materials were characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, and XRPD. All materials, with a silver content of 1–3%wt for the Ss and about 35%wt for the X-zeolites, were tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Redox activity was studied in physiological (pH 7.4/37 °C) and optimal (pH 8.5/37 °C) conditions in chemiluminescent model systems. In the ecotoxicity tests, we used Daphnia magna. Results: A proportional correlation was observed between the bactericidal effect of and the silver content in the zeolites. AgX with a Si/Al ratio of ~1.23 and 35% silver showed a higher antimicrobial efficiency, particularly against Gram-negative E. coli versus Gram-positive S. aureus. The concentration thresholds were as follows: AgXas had a bactericidal effect at 0.003 g/L−1, with an MIC at 0.0015 m/L−1 for E. coli; SA25-Ag, AgXcl, AgXrc had a bactericidal effect at 2.5 g/L−1. The bacteria were more resilient than Daphnia magna, which showed a 90–100% lethality at Ag–zeolite concentrations of 0.00625 to 0.0125 g/L−1. AgXas and AgXrc demonstrated strong reactive oxygen species generation at both the physiological and optimal pH, explaining their bactericidal effects. In general, the tested materials showed an inhibition of the generated reactive oxygen species depending on the model system and conditions. Conclusions: The silver species leached from the new materials explain their higher oxidation and bactericidal activity. While suitable for stringently controlled biological applications, their release into the environment, in concentrations higher than 0.01g/L−1, should be avoided.
Una experiencia asociativa para la innovación en la industria de chacinados de Chaco (Argentina)
Authors: Camprubí Germán Edgardo , Prpich Noelia Zuema Palavecino , Jaimes Diego Esteban , Galante Nadia Soledad , Cayré María Elisa , Castro Marcela Paola 
Published: November 2024

El grupo de investigación del Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos del INIPTA (CONICET-UNCAUS) ha diseñado un prototipo de embutido fermentado funcional (EFF) que incluye el uso de un cultivo iniciador y una mejora del perfil nutricional (reducción de cloruro de sodio y grasa), logrando mantener sus características sensoriales típicas a escala laboratorio. Este desarrollo tecnológico podría tener un alto impacto en la industria de chacinados de Chaco (Argentina) ya que permitiría una innovación de producto con proyección nacional. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue relevar y analizar el mercado territorial para introducir este nuevo EFF. Para ello se diseñó una encuesta cuali-cuantitativa semiestructurada con bloques temáticos, que se utilizó en entrevistas a chacineras con actividad comercial en la provincia. Los resultados permitieron caracterizar las chacineras según sus aspectos generales, productivos y técnicos, además de exponer el interés en innovación tecnológica. Los establecimientos entrevistados: a) elaboran embutidos fermentados además de otros productos; b) venden en locales propios, supermercados y otros mercados provinciales; c) tres de las chacineras poseen integración con la industria de primera transformación; d) las líneas de producción presentan equipos artesanales o semiautomáticos. El 100% de las firmas implementan BPM, el 60% POES y el 80% consideró conveniente la incorporación de tecnología, y modificaciones en la formulación de sus productos. Se estima que el EFF tendría aceptación a un precio diferenciado, indicando que se podría trabajar en forma asociativa con estas industrias para encarar actividades de upgrading de proceso y producto para promover una innovación en el mercado regional.
Физико-химические и фармаколого-токсикологические свойства адсорбентов, полученных из цеолитсодержащих горных пород
Authors: Б.И. Шапиев , А.А. Алиев , М.М. Магомедов , К.Б. Шапиева 
Published: November 2024

Цель исследования: определение химического состава, физических и адсорбционных свойств образцов природных цеолитов Левашинского месторождения. Материал и методы. Для изучения токсикологических свойств исследуемых образцов, проведены опыты на белых мышах. Результаты качественного и количественного исследования фазового состава цеолитсодержащих горных пород показывают, что более 98 от общей массы исследованного без предварительной физической и химической обработки образца цеолита составляют следующие фазы: SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, Fe2O3. Все перечисленные фазы в мелкодисперсном состоянии имеют большую суммарную поверхность и обладают ярко выраженными адсорбционными свойствами, высокой кинетикой и большой адсорбционной емкостью. Практически все перечисленные фазы применяются в различных отраслях народного хозяйства для адсорбционного разделения веществ, очистки различных сред от примесей и токсикантов, в том числе в медицине и ветеринарии. Заключение. При однократном введении в желудок белым мышам различных массовых доз цеолита не наблюдалось видимых изменений в общем состоянии и поведении мышей как в дни непосредственного введения, так и в последующие дни. Визуально не обнаружено признаков острого отравления. Из-за низкой токсичности исследуемых образцов цеолитов не определены их среднесмертельные дозы (LD50).
Objective: Physicochemical studies of natural zeolites of the Levashinskoye deposit were carried out in order to determine their chemical composition, physical and adsorption properties Material and methods. To study the toxicological properties, experiments were carried out on white mice. Results. of the qualitative and quantitative phase composition of celite-containing rocks show that more than 98 of the total mass studied without preliminary physical and chemical treatment of a zeolite sample consists of the following phases: SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, Fe2O3. All of these phases in a finely dispersed state have a large total surface and have pronounced adsorption properties, high kinetics, and large adsorption capacity. Almost all of these phases are used in various sectors of the national economy for adsorption separation of substances, purification of various media from impurities and toxicants, including in medicine and veterinary medicine. Conclusion. With a single introduction into the stomach of white mice of various mass doses of zeolite, no visible changes were observed in the general condition and behavior of the mice, both on the days of direct administration and on the following days. Visually, there were no signs of acute poisoning. Due to the low toxicity of the studied zeolite samples, the average lethal doses (LD50) have not been determined.