bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Oxygen Ion Conductivity in Composite Film Electrolytes with Aligned Nanowires
Authors: Zhang Mengfei , Li Tianjun , Li Zheng , Xing Yan , Zhao Xiaohui , Shahid Muhammad , Yuan Yajie , Nishijima Hiroki , Pan Wei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecently, tuning oxygen ionic transport in film through tensile stress has generated much interest. Herein, composite samarium neodymium codoped ceria (SNDC) thin film electrolytes are fabricated with aligned yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanowires to increase the oxygen conductivity by introducing tensile strain. The morphologies and oxygen‐ion conductivities are studied according to the diameter of YSZ nanowires in the composite electrolytes. The composite SNDC film electrolytes with YSZ nanowires exhibit great long‐term chemical stability with excellent conductivity at intermediate temperature, which is more than twice times higher than that of SNDC film. By using Raman spectrum and sin2 ψ‐methodology, it is found that this conductivity enhancement originates from the bending surface of the film on the nanowires that can produce tensile strain paralleled to the film surface.
High‐Loading Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposite Fabric Coatings Obtained by Capillarity‐Assisted “Excess Assembly” for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Lan Chuntao , Li Chenglong , Hu Jiyong , Yang Shuguang , Qiu Yiping , Ma Ying 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis work presents the fabrication of high‐loading carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer nanocomposite coatings via capillarity‐assisted assembly on fabrics for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The nanocomposite coatings formed by step‐by‐step assembly on fabrics possess a CNT loading as high as 70.9 wt%. The assistance of the capillary force in the textile increases the mass of CNTs deposited on the fabric by two orders of magnitude compared to that deposited through common electrostatic assembly. The coated fabrics thus exhibit a good EMI shielding effectiveness of 11.9 dB, indicating their capability to resist 92.7% of electromagnetic irradiation. Moreover, the nanocomposite coatings are only micrometers thick, so the coated fabrics are soft, flexible, and air permeable. In this work, a simple, scalable, and versatile method is developed to fabricate effective EMI shielding coatings on fabrics. Capillarity‐assisted assembly, which is highly controllable, represents an attractive strategy to construct high‐efficiency EMI shielding coatings through composition optimization of coatings.
Mechanisms for Enhancing Polarization Orientation and Piezoelectric Parameters of PVDF Nanofibers
Authors: Yousry Yasmin Mohamed , Yao Kui , Chen Shuting , Liew Weng Heng , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMany emerging applications strongly demand flexible and efficient electromechanical conversion materials. Polymeric piezoelectric materials, with ability of large area and low temperature processing, are attractive to obtain wide applications for electromechanical sensors, transducers, and mechanical energy harvesters. A major drawback of the polymeric piezoelectric materials is their much lower piezoelectric performance property, such as piezoelectric strain coefficient, than their ceramic counterparts. Here, outstanding piezoelectric performance properties with giant effective strain and voltage coefficients of −116 pm V−1 and −1180 V mm N−1 are achieved in electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber films from the precursor solution modified with hydrated salt. The experimental results and theoretical analysis clarify a synergistic interactive role from the hydrated salt and the electric field during electrospinning, effectively leading to polarization enhancement and alignment, and hence the giant macroscopic piezoelectric coefficients in the obtained electrospun fiber films. The demonstrated results and the understanding on the underlying mechanism exhibit the potential and strategy in achieving high‐performance functional materials through dedicated control on their nanostructures and polarizations.
Toward MRI‐based whole‐brain health assessment: The brain atrophy and lesion index (BALI)
Authors: Grajauskas Lukas A. , Guo Hui , D'Arcy Ryan C.N. , Song Xiaowei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThere have been many attempts to assess the elements of age‐ and dementia‐ related neurodegenerative changes in the brain using MRI; however, traditionally assessments focus only on single deficit. Over the past few years, our group has worked to create and validate the Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) as an MRI‐based whole‐brain structural degeneration rating scale. The BALI can be used for applications in aging and dementia across the entire brain and can be applied to common clinical MR images. As a whole‐brain structural health assessment, the BALI gives a more representative picture of how the brain ages. During the aging process, multiple elements of degeneration accumulate and interact to overwhelm repair processes and cause high‐level failure in the function of the brain. To reflect this process, the BALI combines the assessment of several neurodegeneration changes into one scale. The BALI evaluation can be performed quickly and has been validated for use by non‐neuroradiology expert raters trained with the method. This review gives a brief overview of the content of the BALI; covers the development, refinement, and application of the method; and provides insights about future development and clinical implementation of MRI‐based whole‐brain health assessment in aging and dementia.
Mentoring Program Enhancements Supporting Effective Mentoring of Children of Incarcerated Parents
Authors: Stump Kathryn N. , Kupersmidt Janis B. , Stelter Rebecca L. , Rhodes Jean E. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChildren of incarcerated parents (COIP) are at risk for a range of negative outcomes; however, participating in a mentoring relationship can be a promising intervention for these youth. This study examined the impact of mentoring and mentoring program enhancements on COIP. Secondary data analyses were conducted on an archival database consisting of 70,729 matches from 216 Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) local agencies to establish the differential effects of mentoring on COIP. A subset of 45 BBBS agencies, representing 25,252 matches, participated in a telephone interview about program enhancements for better serving COIP. Results revealed that enhanced program practices, including having specific program goals, providing specialized mentor training, and receiving additional funding resulted in better outcomes for COIP matches. Specifically, specialized mentor training and receiving additional funding for serving matches containing COIP were associated with longer and stronger matches. Having specific goals for serving COIP was associated with higher educational expectations in COIP. Results are discussed in terms of benefits of a relationship‐based intervention for addressing the needs of COIP and suggestions for program improvements when mentoring programs are serving this unique population of youth.
Fickle Reactivity of Allenes in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalizations
Authors: Santhoshkumar Rajagopal , Cheng Chien‐Hong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalizations with allenes lead to unique selectivity challenges due to the presence of two adjacent carbon–carbon double bonds, which enables a series of atom‐ and step‐economical alkenylation, allenylation, allylation, dienylation, and annulation reactions of different substrates. This Focus Review highlights the recent remarkable advancements made in transition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization with allenes.
The profile of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine – out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest registry in 2014–2015
Authors: Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Iwami Taku , Atsumi Takahiro , Endo Tomoyuki , Kanna Tomoo , Kuroda Yasuhiro , Sakurai Atsushi , Tasaki Osamu , Tahara Yoshio , Tsuruta Ryosuke , Tomio Jun , Nakata Kazuyuki , Nachi Sho , Hase Mamoru , Hayakawa Mineji , Hiruma Takahiro , Hiasa Kenichi , Muguruma Takashi , Yano Takao , Shimazu Takeshi , Morimura Naoto ,   The special committee that aims to improve survival after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by providing evidence‐based therapeutic strategy and emergency medical system from the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM)
Published: April 2018

AimTo describe the registry design of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine – out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (JAAM‐OHCA) Registry as well as its profile on hospital information, patient and emergency medical service characteristics, and in‐hospital procedures and outcomes among patients with OHCA who were transported to the participating institutions.MethodsThe special committee aiming to improve the survival after OHCA by providing evidence‐based therapeutic strategies and emergency medical systems from the JAAM has launched a multicenter, prospective registry that enrolled OHCA patients who were transported to critical care medical centers or hospitals with an emergency care department. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological status 1 month after OHCA.ResultsBetween June 2014 and December 2015, a total of 12,024 eligible patients with OHCA were registered in 73 participating institutions. The mean age of the patients was 69.2 years, and 61.0% of them were male. The first documented shockable rhythm on arrival of emergency medical services was 9.0%. After hospital arrival, 9.4% underwent defibrillation, 68.9% tracheal intubation, 3.7% extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 3.0% intra‐aortic balloon pumping, 6.4% coronary angiography, 3.0% percutaneous coronary intervention, 6.4% targeted temperature management, and 81.1% adrenaline administration. The proportion of cerebral performance category 1 or 2 at 1 month after OHCA was 3.9% among adult patients and 5.5% among pediatric patients.ConclusionsThe special committee of the JAAM launched the JAAM‐OHCA Registry in June 2014 and continuously gathers data on OHCA patients. This registry can provide valuable information to establish appropriate therapeutic strategies for OHCA patients in the near future.
Anodic Hydrazine Oxidation Assists Energy‐Efficient Hydrogen Evolution over a Bifunctional Cobalt Perselenide Nanosheet Electrode
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Ye , Wang Hongming , Tian Yifan , Yan Ya , Xue Qi , He Ting , Liu Hongfang , Wang Chundong , Chen Yu , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWater electrolysis is a promising source of hydrogen; however, technological challenges remain. Intensive efforts have focused on developing highly efficient and earth‐abundant electrocatalysts for water splitting. An effective strategy is proposed, using a bifunctional tubular cobalt perselenide nanosheet electrode, in which the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction is substituted with anodic hydrazine oxidation so as to assist energy‐efficient hydrogen production. Specifically, this electrode produces a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at −84 mV for hydrogen evolution and −17 mV for hydrazine oxidation in 1.0 m KOH and 0.5 m hydrazine electrolyte. An ultralow cell voltage of only 164 mV is required to generate a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for 14 hours of stable water electrolysis.
Experimentelle Bestimmung des aktiven Zentrums im heteronuklearen Redox‐System [AlVOx]+./CO/N2O (x=3, 4) durch Gasphasen‐Infrarotspektroskopie
Authors: Debnath Sreekanta , Knorke Harald , Schöllkopf Wieland , Zhou Shaodong , Asmis Knut R. , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDas aktive Zentrum der Sauerstoffatom‐Übertragungsreaktion [AlVO4]+.+CO→[AlVO3]+.+CO2 wurde durch schwingungsspektroskopische Untersuchungen an kryogenen Ionen in Kombination mit Elektronenstrukturberechnungen bestimmt. Infrarot‐Photodissoziationsspektren der entsprechenden He‐ und CO‐Komplexe dieser heteronuklearen Metalloxidkationen zeigen, dass [AlVO3]+. im Unterschied zu [AlVO4]+. keine endständige Al‐Ot‐Gruppe mehr enthält, sehr wohl aber noch die V=Ot‐Gruppe aufweist. Somit entspricht die Al‐Ot‐Einheit, in Einklang mit der theoretischen Voraussage, dem aktiven Zentrum des Redox‐Systems [AlVOx]+./CO/N2O (x=3, 4).
Experimental Identification of the Active Site in the Heteronuclear Redox Couples [AlVOx]+./CO/N2O (x=3, 4) by Gas‐Phase IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Debnath Sreekanta , Knorke Harald , Schöllkopf Wieland , Zhou Shaodong , Asmis Knut R. , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCryogenic ion vibrational spectroscopy was used in combination with electronic structure calculations to identify the active site in the oxygen atom transfer reaction [AlVO4]+.+CO→[AlVO3]+.+CO2. Infrared photodissociation spectra of messenger‐tagged heteronuclear clusters demonstrate that in contrast to [AlVO4]+., [AlVO3]+. is devoid of a terminal Al−Ot unit while the terminal V=Ot group remains intact. Thus it is the Al−Ot moiety that forms the active site in the [AlVOx]+./CO/N2O (x=3, 4) redox couples, which is in line with theoretical predictions.
Palladium(II)‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Efficient Catalysts for the Direct C‐H Bond Arylation of Furans with Aryl Halides
Authors: Kaloğlu Murat , Özdemir İsmail 
Published: April 2018

This paper contains the synthesis and characterization of the seven new benzimidazolium salts and their corresponding new palladium(II)‐NHC complexes with the general formula [PdX2(NHC)2], (NHC = N‐heterocyclic carbene, X = Cl or Br), and also their catalytic activity in direct C‐H bond arylation of 2‐substituted furan derivatives with aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. Under the optimal conditions, these palladium(II)‐NHC complexes showed the good catalytic performance for the direct C‐H bond arylation of 2‐substituted furans with (hetero)aryl bromides, and with readily available and inexpensive aryl chlorides. The C‐H bond arylation regioselectively produced C5‐arylated furans by using 1 mol% of the palladium(II)‐NHC catalysts in moderate to high yields.
The clientelism trap in Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea, and its impact on aid policy
Authors: Wood Terence 
Published: April 2018

AbstractClientelism is a central feature of politics in Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. Most voters vote in search of personalized or localized benefit, and most politicians focus on delivering benefits to their supporters at the expense of national governance. In this article, I explain how clientelism impedes development in both countries. I then describe underdevelopment's role in causing clientelism. I also explain the resulting trap: clientelism causes underdevelopment, and underdevelopment causes clientelism. Because of the trap, clientelism will shape the two countries' politics for the foreseeable future. However, the history of other countries gives cause to believe it can be overcome in the long‐run. In the second half of the paper, I explain how change may occur. I also outline implications for aid policy, looking at how clientelism constrains the impact aid can have, and explaining how donors can act to maximize their impact in a difficult environment.
Photoredox‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Oxidation of Arylacetic Acids
Authors: Sakakibara Yota , Cooper Phillippa , Murakami Kei , Itami Kenichiro 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA photoredox‐catalyzed decarboxylative oxidation of arylacetic acids, which are privileged scaffolds in pharmaceuticals, is reported herein. The established method is operationally simple and a variety of substrates are applicable, providing rapid access to dehomologated bioisosteres of common pharmaceuticals.
Introduction of Feedback Linearization to Robust LQR and LQI Control – Analysis of Results from an Unmanned Bicycle Robot with Reaction Wheel
Authors: Owczarkowski Adam , Horla Dariusz , Zietkiewicz Joanna 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the Jacobian‐linearization‐ and feedback‐linearization‐based techniques of obtaining linearized model approaches are combined with a family of robust LQR control laws to identify the pairing which results in superior control performance of the bicycle robot, despite uncertainty and constraints, what is the main contribution of the paper. The control performance is analyzed using various indices, related, e.g. to energy consumption of the considered laws, with the experiments conducted on a real bicycle robot. As a result, the easily‐implementable controller is obtained, which requires only to perform a set of off‐line computations with a single additional parameter δ in comparison with a standard linear‐quadratic controller, to obtain a state‐feedback vector, which, when implemented to the control system, ensures proper regulation of the output signal of the plant, despite uncertainty or possible actuator failures, obtaining energy‐efficient control law.
Gyroidal Porous Carbon Activated with NH3 or CO2 as Lithium−Sulfur Battery Cathodes
Authors: Krüner Benjamin , Dörr Tobias S. , Shim Hwirim , Sann Joachim , Janek Jürgen , Presser Volker 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOrdered mesoporous carbon materials, prepared from co‐assembly of a block copolymer and a commercial resol, were investigated as a sulfur host for LiS‐battery cathodes. We studied two activation methods for such carbons, namely annealing in ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2). We found that both activation environments drastically increased the specific surface area and establish a micro‐ and mesoporous pore structure. Treatment with NH3 also introduced nitrogen groups, which increased the initial specific capacity. The non‐activated carbon yielded carbon/sulfur cathodes with an initial capacity of ∼900 mAh/gsulfur (150 mAh/gsulfur after 100 cycles). The initial capacity was increased to 1300 mAh/gsulfur for the NH3 activated sample but with poor cycling stability. Enhanced performance stability was found for the CO2 treated sample with an initial capacity of 1100 mAh/gsulfur (700 mAh/gsulfur after 100 cycles).
Multicenter analysis of stereotactic radiotherapy of the resection cavity in patients with brain metastases
Authors: Combs Stephanie E. , Bilger Angelika , Diehl Christian , Bretzinger Eva , Lorenz Hannah , Oehlke Oliver , Specht Hanno M. , Kirstein Anna , Grosu Anca‐Ligia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBrain metastases show a recurrence rate of about 50% after surgical resection. Adjuvant radiotherapy can prevent progression; however, whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) can be associated with significant side effects. Local hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HFSRT) is a good alternative to provide local control with minimal toxicity. In this multicenter analysis, we evaluated the treatment outcome of local HFSRT after resection brain metastases in 181 patients. Patient's characteristics, treatment data as well as follow‐up data were collected and analyzed with special focus on local control, locoregional control and survival. After a median follow‐up of 12.6 months (range 0.3–80.2 months), the crude rate for local control was 80.5%; 1‐ and 2‐year local recurrence‐free survival rates were 75% and 70% (median not reached). Resection cavity size was a significant predictor for local recurrence (P = 0.033). The median overall survival was 16.0 months. Both graded prognostic assessment score and recursive partitioning analysis were accurate predictors of survival. HFSRT leads to excellent local control and has a high potential to consolidate results after surgery; acute and late toxicity is low. Distant intracerebral metastases occur frequently during follow‐up, and therefore, a close patient monitoring needs to be warranted if whole‐brain radiotherapy is omitted.
Genetic correction of serum AFP level improves risk prediction of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort study
Authors: Wang Ke , Bai Yansen , Chen Shi , Huang Jiao , Yuan Jing , Chen Weihong , Yao Ping , Miao Xiaoping , Wang Youjie , Liang Yuan , Zhang Xiaomin , He Meian , Yang Handong , Guo Huan , Wei Sheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSerum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is the most commonly used tumor biomarker for screening and diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the predictive effect for HCC risk is still unsatisfactory. The aim of this prospective study was to estimate whether the individual genetic correction could improve the prediction efficiency of AFP for HCC risk. A prospective analysis with 9819 baseline HCC‐free individuals based on a large population‐based Chinese cohort study was performed. Two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum AFP level were used to calculate the genetic corrected AFP level (rs12506899 and rs2251844). Statistical analysis including logistic regression analysis and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the discriminative ability of the original and genetic corrected AFP level for HCC risk. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were presented. Fifty‐seven participants were diagnosed with HCC for the first time. After adjusting AFP level with genetic effects, the participants for HCC risk increased compared to those with AFP level alone (OR = 5.34, 95% CI = 2.57–11.13; P < 0.001 vs. OR = 5.04, 95% CI = 2.46–10.30; P < 0.001). In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) for the discrimination of HCC elevated from 0.611 to 0.726. The efficiency in HCC prediction using serum AFP level can be improved by adjusting AFP level based on genetic effects. The genetic correction effect on serum AFP should be considered in the clinic application of such tumor biomarkers.
Effects of COL8A1 on the proliferation of muscle‐derived satellite cells
Authors: Li Xiaofan , Wang Zhao , Tong Huili , Yan Yunqin , Li Shufeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCollagen type VIII alpha 1 chain (COL8A1) is a component of the extracellular matrix. Our previous studies suggested that COL8A1 is associated with the proliferation of muscle‐derived satellite cells (MDSCs). Additionally, it has been demonstrated that COL8A1 promotes the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and liver cancer cells. Therefore, we predicted that COL8A1 is associated with the proliferation of bovine MDSCs, which have potential applications in research. In this study, we constructed vectors to activate and repress COL8A1 in bovine MDSCs using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique and determined the effects of COL8A1 modulation by EdU labeling, Western blotting, and dual‐luciferase reporter assays. The results showed that activation of COL8A1 increased the number of EdU‐positive cells and expression of the proliferation markers cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and P‐AKT. The expression of P‐Akt was unchanged after addition of LY294002 (a protein kinase inhibitor capable of blocking the signal transduction pathway of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase). In contrast, repression of COL8A1 reduced the number of EdU‐positive cells and expression of CCNB1 and P‐AKT. We also observed upregulation and downregulation of COL8A1 following the overexpression and repression of EGR1, respectively. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay revealed that EGR1 regulates the promoter activity of COL8A1. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that EGR1 positively regulates the expression of COL8A1, which in turn promotes the proliferation of bovine MDSCs via the PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway.