bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling Words
Authors: Schiffrin André , Lingeswaran Amudha 
Published: October 2018

In June 2005, André Schiffrin gave a lecture at the Paris Sorbonne University, during
the Seminary of Sens Public run by Gérard Wormser and Paul Zawadski. Author and publisher,
André Schiffrin describes the present tendency to concentration in the press, and to
creation of monopolies, as well in the United States as in Europe. On the same topic, he
published two books : {L’édition sans éditeur} (La Fabrique, 2001) and {Le contrôle de la
parole} (La Fabrique, 2005).
Le corps, aucune identité. Entretien avec Marina Abramovic
Authors: Abramovic Marina 
Published: October 2018

Marina Abramovic est une battante. Née à Belgrade en 1946, elle a longtemps vécu en Hollande et en Allemagne et vit maintenant à New York. Elle se rend souvent en Italie et, dès qu'elle le peut, en Orient ou dans des lieux où la nature régénère, là où se trouvent les volcans, les cascades, les, forêts.
Elle connaît le monde et le raconte avec son corps. Elle explore les limites de la résistance physique et les différents visages de la peur. Pour elle, la performance est l’art de l’ineffable et il n’existe aucune distance avec le public, ni aucune possibilité de fausseté, ni de répétition : elle est là, présente, et l’œuvre opère à un moment précis et ne peut se répéter. Avec le temps, elle est passée du défi des limites du corps à celui des limites de l’esprit, pour arriver au silence, à l’immobilité, à l’écoute.
Implementation of an osteopathic manipulative medicine clinic at an allopathic teaching hospital: a research-based experience
Authors: Przekop PR , Tulgan H , Przekop A , DeMarco WJ , Campbell N , Kisiel S 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Mastery of osteopathic palpatory skills and the skilled delivery of osteopathic manipulative treatment is a life-long venture that demands from practitioners increasingly sophisticated manual skills. Specific receptors and neural networks within the brain allow for the gradual development of refined manual skills that parallel responsive alterations and refinements that develop with repeated experience. During clinical training, most graduates of colleges of osteopathic medicine are not given opportunities to hone their palpatory skills. This is unfortunate because there is an increasing public demand for the nonpharmacologic treatment modalities osteopathic physicians could supply. At Berkshire Medical Center in Pittsfield, Mass, a major teaching affiliate of the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, the authors assembled a team of osteopathic and allopathic physicians to found an osteopathic manipulative medicine clinic. In this article, the authors share their experience in the creation of this research-based osteopathic medical clinic.
Inhibitory effect of microalgae and cyanobacteria extracts on influenza virus replication and neuraminidase activity
Authors: Silva Thauane , S. Salomon Paulo , Hamerski Lidilhone , Walter Juline , B. Menezes Rafael , Siqueira José Edson , Santos Aline , Santos Jéssica Aparecida Morais , Ferme Natália , Guimarães Thaise , O. Fistarol Giovana , I. Hargreaves Paulo , Thompson Cristiane , Thompson Fabiano , Souza Thiago Moreno , Siqueira Marilda , Miranda Milene 
Published: October 2018

Background
The influenza virus can cause seasonal infections with mild to severe symptoms, circulating worldwide, and it can affect people in any age group. Therefore, this infection is a serious public health problem that causes severe illness and death in high-risk populations. Every year, 0.5% of the world’s population is infected by this pathogen. This percentage can increase up to ten times during pandemics. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent disease. In addition, anti-influenza drugs are essential for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. The oseltamivir (OST, a neuraminidase inhibitor) is the primary antiviral used in clinics during outbreaks. However, OST resistant viruses may emerge naturally or due to antiviral pressure, with a prevalence of 1–2% worldwide. Thus, the search for new anti-influenza drugs is extremely important. Currently, several groups have been developing studies describing the biotechnological potential of microalgae and cyanobacteria, including antiviral activity of their extracts. In Brazil, this potential is poorly known and explored.

Methods
With the aim of increasing the knowledge on this topic, 38 extracts from microalgae and cyanobacteria isolated from marine and freshwater biomes in Brazil were tested against: cellular toxicity; OST-sensitive and resistant influenza replications; and neuraminidase activity.

Results
For this purpose, Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK)-infected cells were treated with 200 μg/mL of each extract. A total of 17 extracts (45%) inhibited influenza A replication, with seven of them resulting in more than 80% inhibition. Moreover, functional assays performed with viral neuraminidase revealed two extracts (from Leptolyngbya sp. and Chlorellaceae) with IC50 mean < 210 μg/mL for influenza A and B, and also OST-sensitive and resistant strains. Furthermore, MDCK cells exposed to 1 mg/mL of all the extracts showed viability higher than 80%.

Discussion
Our results suggest that extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria have promising anti-influenza properties. Further chemical investigation should be conducted to isolate the active compounds for the development of new anti-influenza drugs. The data generated contribute to the knowledge of the biotechnological potential of Brazilian biomes that are still little explored for this purpose.
Spatial analyses of threats to ecosystem service hotspots in Greater Durban, South Africa
Authors: Davids Rashieda , Rouget Mathieu , Boon Richard , Roberts Debra 
Published: October 2018

Background
Population growth at all scales and rapid rates of urbanization, particularly in the global South, are placing increasing pressure on ecosystems and their ability to provide services essential for human well-being. The spatial consideration of threats to ecosystem services related to changes in land use is necessary in order to avoid undue impacts on society due to the loss or reduced supply of ecosystem services. This study assesses the potential threats of land use change from strategic and local development proposals to ecosystem services in the city of Durban.

Methods
We analysed the spatial relationship between five categories of ecosystem service hotspots (carbon storage, water yield, sediment retention, nutrient retention and flood attenuation) and urban land use change related to selected strategic planning proposals, development proposals and sand-mining applications in Durban, South Africa (eThekwini Municipality) with a view to determining the consequences for progress towards a more sustainable development path in the city. We identified the potential levels of threat related to habitat destruction or transformation for the five categories of ecosystem services and a subset of 13 ecosystem service hotspots, using GIS spatial analysis tools.

Results
The results show that on average, should Durban’s strategic development plans be realised, approximately 42% loss of ecosystem service hotspots is expected in the two municipal town-planning regions assessed. With respect to development applications between 2009 and 2012, approximately 36% of all environmental impact assessments and 84% of sand mining applications occurred within ecosystem service hotspots within Durban.

Discussion
The findings highlight the tension between short-term development pressures and longer-term sustainability goals and confirm that current planning and development proposals pose a threat to ecosystems and their ability to deliver services that support human well-being in Durban. We suggest practical solutions to include ecosystem services into local government decision-making.
Three, two, one! Revision of the long-bodied sphaerodorids (Sphaerodoridae, Annelida) and synonymization ofEphesiella,EphesiopsisandSphaerodorum
Authors: Capa María , Bakken Torkild , Meißner Karin , Nygren Arne 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundLong-bodied sphaerodorids (Annelida, Sphaerodoridae) is the common name for members of the three closely and morphologically homogenous currently accepted genera of benthic marine bristle worms:Ephesiella,EphesiopsisandSphaerodorum. Members of this group share the presence of two dorsal and longitudinal rows of macrotubercles with terminal papillae, and two longitudinal rows of microtubercles, features that are unique among sphaerodorids. Genera are distinguished by the chaetae morphology. Members ofEphesiellaare characterised by having compound chaetae (except, sometimes, simple chaetae in the first chaetigers),Sphaerodorumbear only simple chaetae, andEphesiopsishave both compound and simple chaetae in all parapodia.MethodsMitochondrial (partial COI and 16S rDNA) and nuclear (partial 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) sequence data of long-bodied sphaerodorids with compound and simple chaetae, and an outgroup of additional seven sphaerodorid species were analysed separately and in combination using Bayesian inference (BA), and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. Long-bodied sphaerodorids from around the world (including type specimens) were examined under a range of optical equipment in order to evaluate putative generic and specific diagnostic features, in addition to intraspecific variability.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences of specimens identified asEphesiellaandSphaerodorum,based on chaeta morphology, were performed.SphaerodorumandEphesiellawere recovered as paraphyletic and nested within each other. Revision of current nominal species diagnostic features are performed and discussed.DiscussionResults contradict current generic definitions. Recovery of paraphyletic compound and simple chaetae clades urge the synonymization of these two genera of long-bodied sphaerodorids. Morphological data also suggest the synonymization ofEphesiopsis.
Characterizing Circulating Tumor Cells Isolated from Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Using Graphene Oxide Based Microfluidic Assay
Authors: Kim Tae Hyun , Yoon Hyeun Joong , Fouladdel Shamileh , Wang Yang , Kozminsky Molly , Burness Monika L. , Paoletti Costanza , Zhao Lili , Azizi Ebrahim , Wicha Max S. , Nagrath Sunitha 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has shown prognostic importance in patients with breast cancer. However, CTCs are highly heterogeneous with diverse functional properties, which may also be clinically relevant. To provide a comprehensive landscape of the patient's disease, further CTC analysis is required. Here, a highly sensitive and reproducible graphene oxide based CTC assay is utilized to isolate and characterize CTCs from 47 metastatic breast cancer patients. The CTCs are captured with high purity, requiring only a few milliliters of blood and enabling efficient enumeration and subsequent analysis at both the protein and the transcription level. The results show that patient clinical outcomes correlate with the associated CTC profile and clearly demonstrate the potential use of the assay in the clinical setting. Collectively, these findings suggest that beyond simple enumeration, CTC characterization may provide further information that improves the diagnosis of the patients' disease status for proper treatment decisions. Moreover, this thorough validation study will facilitate the translation of the CTC assay into future clinical applications to broaden the utility of liquid biopsy.
Biomimetic Artificial Nacre: Boron Nitride Nanosheets/Gelatin Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Yoo Sung Chan , Park Yoon Kyung , Park Changsik , Ryu Hojin , Hong Soon Hyung 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA bioinspired boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)/gelatin nanocomposite consisting of hierarchically aligned layered BNNSs bonded with gelatin is fabricated by using electrostatic interactions between the oppositely charged functional groups on gelatin and the BNNSs. To enhance the self‐assembly and interfacial bond strength between these entities, the BNNSs are functionalized using hyperbranched polyglycerol. The 2D alignment of the BNNSs can be controlled by increasing the amount of BNNSs, or by a functionalization process, both of which result in transformation of the nanoscale structure from a randomly oriented to a brick‐and‐mortar structure. The mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposite material, including the strength and modulus, are controlled by changing the composition of BNNSs and gelatin in the nanocomposite and by modifying the degree of alignment of the BNNSs in the material. This tuning of the mechanical properties yields a material whose performance resembles that of human cortical bone. In vitro cell viability experiments on the BNNSs/gelatin nanocomposite reveal that this artificial nacre supports adhesion, viability, and proliferation of adipose‐derived stem cells, all of which are essential for biomedical applications. Mechanical and biological testing of the material suggests applications of artificial nacre in biomedical fields and for tissue regeneration.
Functionalization of Titanates–Silk Nanocomposites via Cation Exchange for Optical Applications
Authors: Colusso Elena , Vitiello Diana , Perotto Giovanni , Valotto Gabrio , Cattaruzza Elti , Martucci Alessandro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA simple and efficient method is developed to introduce plasmonic and luminescence functionalities in titanate nanosheets (TNSs)–silk nanocomposites by direct cation‐exchange process. First, the cation exchange properties such as exchange kinetic and capacity are studied to verify the behavior of the material and determine the best condition of exchange. In particular, the effect of the valence on the kinetic is investigated through elemental analysis, focusing on three target cations (Ag+, Cu2+, and Eu3+) in water. It is demonstrated that the cation exchange capability of the composite is strictly dependent of the amount of TNSs. By acting on the time of ion exchange or by changing the TNSs concentration in the silk fibroin matrix it is possible to tune the metal ions doping. The process is applicable both on flexible free‐standing membranes and thin films deposited on an appropriate substrate. By exposing the material to UV radiation, it is possible to synthesize in situ metallic nanoparticles, exhibiting a characteristic plasmonic peak in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, it is verified that the europium ions preserve their photoluminescence properties when introduced in the nanocomposite, showing a characteristic red emission under UV light.
Elastic Electroadhesion with Rapid Release by Integrated Resonant Vibration
Authors: Gao Xing , Cao Chongjing , Guo Jianglong , Conn Andrew 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSoft robotic grippers have gained a growing interest due to their inherent compliance which passively adapts to a variety of object shapes and electroadhesion (EA) has attracted particular attention due to its versatile, low impact adhesion. EA shows potential for the precise manipulation of thin and flexible substrates such as plastic films, which is crucial to the advancement of flexible electronics fabrication. However, the rapid release of substrates is a challenge with EA due to the residual charge and relatively slow dielectric natural relaxation time that exists when the applied voltage switched off. Here, a novel soft gripping technology that integrates a dielectric elastomer actuator with an EA into a soft, monolithic structure to achieve rapid de‐adhesion is presented. This inherently compliant device exploits resonant excitation to minimize the release period to a range of 100–500 ms, which is an improvement of at least two orders of magnitude compared with conventional EA release. The developed end effector demonstrates rapid and robust adhesion/de‐adhesion performance in a lightweight and compact form, with simplified control and low energy consumption and hence has wide application to a variety of robotic manipulation tasks.
Efficient Welding of Silver Nanowires embedded in a Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Film for Robust Wearable Electronics
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Wang Yuan , Gui Jinzheng , Wang Xuening , Li Rui , Liu Wei , Sun Chengliang , Zhao Xingzhong , Guo Shishang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSilver nanowires (AgNWs) are explored as promising transparent electrodes for flexible plastic devices. However, high NW–NW contact resistance and poor adhesion on bare substrates currently preclude AgNWs from use in transparent wearable applications. Here, a highly efficient large‐scale strategy of partially burying AgNWs in the surface of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) transparent substrates is reported to greatly improve the conductivity and adhesion of the nanowires. The conductivity of AgNWs is doubled when forming the PVDF/AgNWs electrodes, which requires only 10 min and did not need any post‐treatment. Due to the high flexibility and abradability of PVDF film, the conductive surface of PVDF/AgNWs electrodes with junctions and parts of the AgNWs embedded in the PVDF film is robust during multiple deformations, adhesion test, and rubbing test. The chemical resistance is also improved because of the chemical stability of PVDF substrate and the conductive structure of the PVDF/AgNWs electrode. It is further shown that the transparent PVDF/AgNWs electrode is robust enough for wearable applications, such as wearable microcircuits, e‐skins, and biomechanical energy harvesters. This work is believed to be a potential step toward applications of PVDF/AgNWs electrode in transparent wearable electronics.
Enhancing Antitumor Efficacy by Simultaneous ATP‐Responsive Chemodrug Release and Cancer Cell Sensitization Based on a Smart Nanoagent
Authors: Song Xiao‐Rong , Li Shi‐Hua , Guo Hanhan , You Wenwu , Tu Datao , Li Juan , Lu Chun‐Hua , Yang Huang‐Hao , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe exploitation of smart nanoagents based drug delivery systems (DDSs) has proven to be a promising strategy for fighting cancers. Hitherto, such nanoagents still face challenges associated with their complicated synthesis, insufficient drug release in tumors, and low cancer cell chemosensitivity. Here, the engineering of an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐activatable nanoagent is demonstrated based on self‐assembled quantum dots‐phenolic nanoclusters to circumvent such challenges. The smart nanoagent constructed through a one‐step assembly not only has high drug loading and low cytotoxicity to normal cells, but also enables ATP‐activated disassembly and controlled drug delivery in cancer cells. Particularly, the nanoagent can induce cell ATP depletion and increase cell chemosensitivity for significantly enhanced cancer chemotherapy. Systematic in vitro and in vivo studies further reveal the capabilities of the nanoagent for intracellular ATP imaging, high tumor accumulation, and eventual body clearance. As a result, the presented multifunctional smart nanoagent shows enhanced antitumor efficacy by simultaneous ATP‐responsive chemodrug release and cancer cell sensitization. These findings offer new insights toward the design of smart nanoagents for improved cancer therapeutics.
Synergistic Effect of CuGeO3/Graphene Composites for Efficient Oxygen–Electrode Electrocatalysts in Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Lee Gwang‐Hee , Sung Myung‐Chang , Kim Jae‐Chan , Song Hee Jo , Kim Dong‐Wan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHybridized 1D/2D CuGeO3/graphene composites are applied as the oxygen–electrode electrocatalysts for Li–O2 batteries. The CuGeO3/graphene composites are synthesized by the crystallographic alignment of CuGeO3 nanowires on graphene, rendering strong heteroepitaxial coupling between the 1D oxide nanostructures and the 2D electrically conducting graphene. The inherited excellent electrocatalytic activity of the CuGeO3/graphene composites leads to lower overpotentials and more stable cycling performance of Li–O2 cells than CuGeO3 nanowires and graphene. The relationships between CuGeO3 nanowires and graphene are studied for the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution activity in both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions, and the electrocatalytic activity is improved by manipulating the redox pair and sp3/sp2 via surface chemical modification.
Meningeal inflammation and cortical demyelination in acute multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bevan Ryan J. , Evans Rhian , Griffiths Lauren , Watkins Lewis M. , Rees Mark I. , Magliozzi Roberta , Allen Ingrid , McDonnell Gavin , Kee Rachel , Naughton Michelle , Fitzgerald Denise C. , Reynolds Richard , Neal James W. , Howell Owain W. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveCortical gray matter (GM) pathology, involving demyelination and neurodegeneration, associated with meningeal inflammation, could be important in determining disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, we need to know more about how cortical demyelination, neurodegeneration, and meningeal inflammation contribute to pathology at early stages of MS to better predict long‐term outcome.MethodsTissue blocks from short disease duration MS (n = 12, median disease duration = 2 years), progressive MS (n = 21, disease duration = 25 years), non‐diseased controls (n = 11), and other neurological inflammatory disease controls (n = 6) were quantitatively analyzed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and in situ hybridization.ResultsCortical GM demyelination was extensive in some cases of acute MS (range = 1–48% of total cortical GM), and subpial lesions were the most common type (62%). The numbers of activated (CD68+) microglia/macrophages were increased in cases with subpial lesions, and the density of neurons was significantly reduced in acute MS normal appearing and lesion GM, compared to controls (p < 0.005). Significant meningeal inflammation and lymphoid‐like structures were seen in 4 of 12 acute MS cases. The extent of meningeal inflammation correlated with microglial/macrophage activation (p < 0.05), but not the area of cortical demyelination, reflecting the finding that lymphoid‐like structures were seen adjacent to GM lesions as well as areas of partially demyelinated/remyelinated, cortical GM.InterpretationOur findings demonstrate that cortical demyelination, neuronal loss, and meningeal inflammation are notable pathological hallmarks of acute MS and support the need to identify early biomarkers of this pathology to better predict outcome. Ann Neurol 2018;84:829–842
Biomass‐Derived Graphene‐like Carbon: Efficient Metal‐Free Carbocatalysts for Epoxidation
Authors: Wen Guodong , Gu Qingqing , Liu Yuefeng , Schlögl Robert , Wang Congxin , Tian Zhijian , Su Dang Sheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractN‐doped graphene‐like layered carbon (NG) could be synthesized via a metal‐free pyrolysis route from glucose, fructose, and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF), which are cheap and widely available biomass or biomass derivatives. A well‐developed thin‐layer structure with large lateral dimensions could be obtained when 5‐HMF was used as the precursor. More importantly, the 5‐HMF‐derived NG gave superior performance in epoxidation reactions compared with the conventional carbon catalysts and the performance of 5‐HMF derived NG was even similar to that of a cobalt catalyst. Characterizations by TEM and XPS accompanied by EPR analysis revealed that the enhanced catalytic properties for NG arise from its high activation ability for both alkenes and O2, which are attributed to the graphitic layered structure and graphitic N species, respectively.