bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modo de apropiación de la naturaleza en las unidades de producción campesinas de amaranto y maíz en Tochimilco, Puebla, México
Authors: Cruz López Vianii , Ocampo Fletes Ignacio , Juárez Sánchez José Pedro , Argumedo Macías Adrián , Castañeda Hidalgo Ernesto 
Published: May 2018

Para satisfacer sus necesidades el hombre tiene que apropiarse de la naturaleza. De los dos modos contrapuestos de apropiación, el campesino y el agroindustrial, el menos degradante es el primero, además de ser el más importante por el volumen de alimentos producidos, el trabajo generado y las ventajas ecológicas. Por la relevancia de este modo de apropiación, se planteó como objetivo mostrar la pertinencia ecológica, social y económica del modo de apropiación campesino y las características que propician tendencia al agroindustrial. El estudio se realizó en las comunidades San Lucas Tulcingo y La Magdalena Yancuitlalpan del municipio de Tochimilco, Puebla, México, seleccionadas por el patrón de paisajes (gradientes de altitud), la superficie sembrada de amaranto y de maíz, y el tipo de tecnología usada. Se analizó la Unidad de Producción Campesina que tiene como base la siembra de amaranto y de maíz. Las técnicas de investigación fueron la encuesta y la observación directa. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado aleatorio, resultando una muestra de 74 productores. Se construyó un Índice de Campesinidad (IC) con base a nueve atributos. Se aplicó una regresión logística por el método de Wald (hacia adelante) para determinar los indicadores con mayor influencia en el Índice de Campesinidad (IC). Los resultados de los nueve atributos muestran que las dos localidades se clasifican en el modo de apropiación campesino. San Lucas Tulcingo presentó mayor empleo de energía fósil por el uso de maquinaria agrícola, mientras que en La Magdalena Yancuitlalpan el modo campesino emplea mayor mano de obra familiar. Tanto la fuente de energía como la fuerza de trabajo manifestaron asociación con el Índice de Campesinidad de acuerdo al procedimiento de selección de variables con el método de Wald (hacia adelante). Se concluye que las Unidades de Producción Campesinas de San Lucas Tulcingo presentaron un Índice de Campesinidad de 0.327 (tendiente al agroindustrial), y las de La Magdalena Yancuitlalpan de 0.298, pero ambas conservan su modo de apropiación campesino. La diferencia está en la principal fuente de energía usada; energía fósil y energía de trabajo familiar, respectivamente.
Domestic Violence as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression Among Ethiopian Women: Facility Based Study
Authors: Adamu Addishiwet Fantahun , Adinew Yohannes Mehretie 
Published: May 2018

Background:Mental illness in women leads to an increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Postpartum depression accommodates various groups of depressive disorders and syndromes that occur within the first immediate year after delivery. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and correlates among mothers attending public health centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods:Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 618 women in their postpartum period. Simple random sampling technique was used to select three out of ten sub cities in Addis Ababa. Then, nine health centers were selected by lottery method from the three sub-cities. The number of women included from each health center was determined by proportional allocation. Study participants were enrolled by systematic random sampling. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used at a cutoff point>13 to detect depression. Descriptive statistics were done. The bivariate and multivariate analysis was also carried out to identify predictors of postpartum depression.Results:Significant proportion 144 (23.3%) of the women had the symptom of postpartum depression. Respondents who were the victims of domestic violence [AOR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.6-5.9], reported to have diagnosed with postpartum depression [AOR 4.41; 95% CI: 2.4-8.3], and dissatisfied with their marriage [AOR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.5-5.6] had higher odds of reporting postpartum depression symptoms.Conclusion:Postpartum depression is a common mental health problem during the postnatal period. Domestic violence was positively and significantly associated with the symptom of postpartum depression. Maternity services shall consider a sector that provides health care for women who encounter violence and develop symptoms of postpartum depression.
Quick Identification of the Risk of Psychosis: The Italian Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief
Authors: Preti Antonio , Raballo Andrea , Kotzalidis Georgios D. , Scanu Rosanna , Muratore Tamara , Gabbrielli Mersia , Tronci Debora , Masala Carmelo , Petretto Donatella Rita , Carta Mauro G. 
Published: May 2018

Background:Diagnosing people during the prodromal phase of an incipient psychosis can improve the chance of better outcome. In busy clinical settings, the ideal tool is a brief, easy-to-complete self-report questionnaire.Objective:To test the psychometric properties of the Italian version of one of the most used screening tools for the identification of the risk of psychosis, the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B).Methods:Cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of college students was enrolledviasnowball procedure (n=243; men: 45%). After understanding and signing the consent form, the participants received a booklet containing the following questionnaires: the 21-item Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B); the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the 74-item Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the capacity of the PQ-B to identify individuals at risk of psychosis as independently defined based on the combination of GHQ-12 and SPQ thresholds.Results:The Italian version of the PQ-B revealed good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and adequate convergent and divergent validity. The Youden method retrieved a cut-off = 7 for the PQ-B frequency score and a cut-off = 22 for the PQ-B distress score. Both PQ-B scores had a perfect (99%) negative predictive value.Conclusion:The PQ-B is a promising screening tool in two-stage protocols. The major advantage of the PQ-B is to exclude cases that are unlikely to be at risk of psychosis.
Lichen Acids May Be Used as A Potential Drug For Cancer Therapy; by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase Purified From Rat Lung
Authors: Ozgencli Ilknur , Budak Harun , Ciftci Mehmet , Anar Mustafa 
Published: May 2018

Background:Thioredoxin reductase (E.C 1.6.4.5.; TrxR) is a widely distributed flavoprotein that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of thioredoxin (Trx) in many cellular events such as DNA synthesis, DNA repair, angiogenesis, antioxidative defense, and regulating apoptosis. Although TrxR is indispensible in protecting cells against oxidative stress, the overexpression of TrxR is seen in many aggressive tumors. Therefore, targeted inhibition of TrxR has been accepted as a new approach for chemotherapy.Objective:In this study, in vitro inhibition effect of the lichen acids (diffractaic, evernic, lobaric, lecanoric, and vulpinic acid) on mitochondrial TrxR purified from rat lung was investigated.Method:It was the first time the enzyme was purified from rat lungs by using 2’, 5’-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The purity of the enzyme was checked with SDS-PAGE. In vitro inhibition effect of the lichen acids was investigated spectrophotometrically. To emphasize the importance of the obtained data, the commercial anticancer drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin were used as positive controls.Results:Molecular mass of the enzyme was calculated as approximately 52.4 kDa. The enzyme was purified with a 63.6% yield, 208.3 fold, and 0.5 EU/mg proteins specific activity. The IC50 values of five lichen acids were significantly lower than IC50 values of anticancer drugs.Conclusion:All of the lichen acids, especially lecanoric and vulpinic acid, exhibited much stronger inhibitory effect on TrxR than the anticancer drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin. These lichen acids have pharmacological potential as effective natural antioxidants, antimicrobials, and anticancer agents.
Structure, Function and Interactions of Tau: Particular Focus on Potential Drug Targets for the Treatment of Tauopathies
Authors: Borna Hojjat , Assadoulahei Kasim , Riazi Gholamhossein , Harchegani Asghar Beigi , Shahriary Alireza 
Published: May 2018

Background & Objective: Neurodegenrative diseases are among the most widespread lifethreatening
disorders around the world in elderly ages. The common feature of a group of neurodegenerative
disorders, called tauopathies, is an accumulation of microtubule associated protein tau inside
the neurons. The exact mechanism underlying tauopathies is not well-understood but several factors
such as traumatic brain injuries and genetics are considered as potential risk factors. Although tau protein
is well-known for its key role in stabilizing and organization of axonal microtubule network, it
bears a broad range of functions including DNA protection and participation in signaling pathways.
Moreover, the flexible unfolded structure of tau facilitates modification of tau by a wide range of intracellular
enzymes which in turn broadens tau function and interaction spectrum. The distinctive
properties of tau protein concomitant with the crucial role of tau interaction partners in the progression
of neurodegeneration suggest tau and its binding partners as potential drug targets for the treatment of
neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusion:
This review aims to give a detailed description of structure, functions and interactions of
tau protein in order to provide insight into potential therapeutic targets for treatment of tauopathies.
Reflections on the Transition from Practice to Academia … the Nuts and Bolts
Authors: Showalter D. Scott 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
This paper builds on the self-reflections reported earlier by David E. Stout about what he has learned (thus far) about being an accounting academic (Stout 2016). As the title implies, this paper describes how I prepared for a second career as an academic, what I learned during my important first year as an academic, how I moved forward to expand my academic career, and some of the similarities and differences I found between academia and practice. To summarize my insights and recommendations, I include “What Did I Learn?” sections throughout the paper, hopefully providing a “few nuggets” for those considering the transition from practice to an academic career. The paper complements other recent papers in this area by focusing on one way a practitioner managed the journey from a rewarding career in the accounting profession to a successful career (debatable) in the academy. The contents of this paper may be of interest to those practitioners considering joining the academy after a career in the accounting profession or to those who recently became an academic. My desire is to encourage practitioners to join the academy, to provide insights to help them make an informed decision, and to assist them in their transition.
In vitro evaluation of frictional force of a novel elastic bendable orthodontic wire
Authors: Takada Megumi , Nakajima Akira , Kuroda Shingo , Horiuchi Shinya , Shimizu Noriyoshi , Tanaka Eiji 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:To determine the frictional force (FF) of the novel, elastic, bendable titanium-niobium (Ti-Nb) alloy orthodontic wire in stainless steel (SS) brackets and to compare it with those of titanium-nickel (Ti-Ni) and titanium-molybdenum (Ti-Mo) alloy wires.Materials and Methods:Three sizes of Ti-Nb, Ti-Ni, and Ti-Mo alloy wires were ligated with elastic modules to 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch SS brackets. The dynamic FFs between the orthodontic wires and SS brackets were measured at three bracket-wire angles (0°, 5°, and 10°) with an Instron 5567 loading apparatus (Canton, Mass).Results:FFs increased gradually with the angle and wire size. In the 0.018-inch-slot bracket, the dynamic FFs of Ti-Nb and Ti-Ni alloy wires were almost the same, and those of the Ti-Mo alloy wire were significantly greater (P&lt;0.05). FF values were 1.5–2 times greater in the 0.022-inch-slot bracket than in the 0.018-inch-slot bracket, regardless of alloy wire type, and the Ti-Mo alloy wire showed the greatest FF. Scanning electric microscopic images showed that the surface of the Ti-Mo alloy wire was much rougher than that of the Ti-Ni and Ti-Nb alloy wires.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that the Ti-Nb alloy wire has almost the same frictional resistance as the Ti-Ni alloy wire, although it has a higher elastic modulus.
Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management From Emerging Adulthood Through Older Adulthood
Authors: McCarthy Margaret M. , Grey Margaret 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study of adults with type 1 diabetes was to analyze patterns of diabetes self-management behaviors and predictors of glycemic control across the adult life span.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study was a secondary cross-sectional analysis of data of 7,153 adults enrolled in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry who were divided into four developmental stages (emerging, young, middle-aged, and older adults). Data were collected by questionnaire and medical record review at enrollment. Statistical analyses compared sociodemographic, clinical, and diabetes-related factors across groups. Logistic regressions were conducted for each group to identify factors associated with hemoglobin A1c ≥7%.

RESULTS
The sample was divided according to adult developmental stage: emerging adults, age 18 to &lt;25 years (n = 2,478 [35%]); young adults, age 25 to &lt;45 years (n = 2,274 [32%]); middle-aged adults, age 45 to &lt;65 years (n = 1,868 [26%]); and older adults, age ≥65 years (n = 533 [7%]). Emerging adults had the highest mean hemoglobin A1c level (8.4 ± 1.7% [68 mmol/mol]), whereas older adults had the lowest level (7.3 ± 0.97% [56 mmol/mol]; P &lt; 0.0001). Emerging adults were less likely to use an insulin pump (56%) or a continuous glucose monitor (7%) but were more likely to miss at least one insulin dose per day (3%) and to have had an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis in the past year (7%) (all P &lt; 0.0001). Different factors were associated with hemoglobin A1c ≥7% in each age-group, but two factors were noted across several groups: the frequency of blood glucose checks and missed insulin doses.

CONCLUSIONS
When discussing diabetes self-management, providers may consider a patient’s developmental stage, with its competing demands (such as work and family), psychosocial adjustments, and the potential burden of comorbidities.
On norms of composition operators on weighted hardy spaces
Authors: Shammaky Amenah Essa , Dalal Sumitra 
Published: May 2018

The computation of composition operator on Hardy spaces is very hard. In this paper we propose a norm of a bounded composition operator on weighted Hardy spaces H2(b) induced by a disc automorphism by embedding the classical Hardy space . The estimate obtained is accurate in the sense that it provides the exact norm for particular instances of the sequence b. As an application of our results, an estimate for the norm of any bounded composition operator on H2(b) is obtained.
Markov Stochastic Processes in Biology and Mathematics -- the Same, and yet Different
Authors: SOKO MI lOS lAWA 
Published: May 2018

Virtually every biological model utilising a random number generator is a Markov stochastic process. Numerical simulations of such processes are performed using stochastic or intensity matrices or kernels. Biologists, however, define stochastic processes in a slightly different way to how mathematicians typically do. A discrete-time discrete-value stochastic process may be defined by a function p : X0 Ã— X â†’ {f : Î¥ â†’ [0, 1]}, where X is a set of states, X0 is a bounded subset of X, Î¥ is a subset of integers (here associated with discrete time), where the function p satisfies 0 < p(x, y)(t) < 1 and EY p(x, y)(t) = 1. This definition generalizes a stochastic matrix. Although X0 is bounded, X may include every possible state and is often infinite. By interrupting the process whenever the state transitions into the X âˆ’X0 set, Markov stochastic processes defined this way may have non-quadratic stochastic matrices. Similar principle applies to intensity matrices, stochastic and intensity kernels resulting from considering many biological models as Markov stochastic processes. Class of such processes has important properties when considered from a point of view of theoretical mathematics. In particular, every process from this class may be simulated (hence they all exist in a physical sense) and has a well-defined probabilistic space associated with it.
Measuring Time
Authors: Self Sydney Baldwin 
Published: May 2018

The speed of light is an absolute, the measurement of the speed of light is not an absolute.
According to Special Relativity, the rate at which a clock ticks is a function of the speed at which it is travelling through space; the faster the speed, the slower the rate. This is called time dilation.

Time dilation is a function of the speed of an object through space. The faster an object is travelling the greater the time dilation.

Because of time dilation, we are unable to measure the absolute speed of an object through space.
We do not actually measure time. Instead we have instruments which measure the physical characteristics of instruments which are affected by time. We then interpret these physical characteristics and this interpretation becomes our measurement of time.
Our body is one of the instruments we use to measure time, but we also use various clocks.

Time is not a characteristic of the universe; it is a construct which can be defined to have any value we choose.
If we could establish a stationary point in space, it would be possible to:

measure the absolute speed of light.
measure the absolute speed through space of any moving object.
establish a clock for absolute time.
It might be theoretically possible to establish such a point, as follows:

Assume a space station, located at a Lagrange point.
Modify the speed of the space station through space for the x, y and z axes to maximize the speed of light.

The location of the space station when the speed of light was maximized would be at a stationary point in space.
Carica Papaya; A Paired and Alternative Therapy of Dengue Fever
Authors: Nesar Shagufta , Omer Kiran Rafiq , Rizvi Sarwat , Ali Aatka , Mumtaz Tayyaba , Ali Usmani Mohammad Shair 
Published: May 2018

The purpose f the study is to explore the prospective use of Carica papaya leaves extracts for Dengue fever that is a painful, debilitating mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue viruses. An estimated 390 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. It has been found at height in developing nations like India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Mostly tropical areas have been reported infected. The disease is transmitted by an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus; interestingly it is not transferred from person to person. Symptoms are mild to serious including hemorrhagic fever; a rare complication characterized by high fever, damage to lymph and blood vessels, bleeding from the nose and gums, enlargement of the liver, and failure of the circulatory system and it can cause the death. All the symptoms of disease are due to low platelets count that may become very low if not managed. Consequently the research reveals that juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae help to increase the platelet levels. The present review is done to enlighten the theory of the management of dengue through this alternative therapy that can be implement along with conventional treatment. The covered researches in present study would raise and support the possibility of being, the remedy and significant alternative in the prospect.
PENGARUH PURSED LIPS BREATHING TERHADAP PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE PENDERITA PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIS
Authors: Suprayitno Emdat 
Published: May 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a public health problem. Shortness of breath is a major problem on patient COPD. The shortness of breath caused decrease of PEF value. The intervention can be done to patients COPD is pursed lips breathing exercise.
The method of this research was true experiment, pretest-posttest design with control group involving 30 respondents with random sampling. Treatment group were 15 respondents that provided PLB exercise three times a week for 4 weeks. Control group were 15 respondents that only getting standard treatment from the hospital. Data analysis was performed with paired t test test and independent t test.
The results of paired t test on PEF value are p=0.000 for intervention group and p=0.334 for control groups. The result of independent t test in intervention and control groups PEF value p= 0.000.
There was influence pursed lips breathing exercise to increased PEF value. There was difference PEF value on treatment group and control group after pursed lips breathing exercise
KLASTERING SUARA BERDASARKAN GENDER MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS DARI HASIL EKSTRAKSI FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)
Authors: Izzah Nailul 
Published: May 2018

Speech recognition process is kind of applied Technique of digital sign process that is widely used for many applications, for example technology in the field of telecommunications which isn't only able to provide for serving for sending text data but also it can serve for sending data using sound. From technology development of signal process emerges new idea to make application program by creating new sofware to display sound signal characteristic based on frequency and highest magnitude. Clustering is part of pattern recognition science which is made for system that can perform into a groups. In this research, the researcher will distinguish between male voice or female voice. Mechanism process uses Collecting voice samples, then the feature extraction using FFT that produce two main features that is maximum value of frequency and maximun value of magnitude. After that, k-means alogarithm process is used for grouping voice of male clusteror female cluster. The result of this research uses 20 training data and 20 testing data that will produce 75% level of accuracy for training data and 100% for testing data.
La Educación en TIC’s: Un problema de la Educación escolar y de la Educación de la vida cotidiana
Authors: Diaz Roman Camilo 
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo quiere acercarse analíticamente, a un objeto complejo de futuras investigaciones. Esto es construir la Educación en TIC’s, de manera modélica y relacional, con dos posibles facetas de la Educación: a saber, la Educación Escolar y la Educación Cotidiana. Ambos campos son complementarios pero, uno de ellos, la Educación Cotidiana, tiene mayor relevancia cultural. La Educación cotidiana, como modelo analítico, puede aportar luces en este discernimiento: El uso educativo de las TIC debe ser culturalmente relevante. En este sentido, se parte del reconocimiento de las falacias asociadas a los términos, y sus derivados, “Cultura Digital” o “Culturas TIC”: se entiende la cultura, no como el conjunto de costumbres de una sociedad, sino el entramado simbólico y semántico que articula a los hombres que la conforman (Geertz, 1988). Este entramado se compone, aquí, de una compleja relación interactiva de sujetos conformantes de sistemas, culturalmente relevantes: la sociedad, los sistemas sociales, la comunicación, y el lenguaje.
Debe haber allí un tipo de expresión de la Educación no-escolar, y la Escuela debe adaptarse al cambio para ejercer la Educación en TIC’s culturalmente relevante.