bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are all rivers equal? The role of education in attitudes towards temporary and perennial rivers
Authors: Leigh Catherine , Boersma Kate S. , Galatowitsch Mark L. , Milner Victoria S. , Stubbington Rachel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Temporary rivers (TRs) are prevalent, biodiverse ecosystems yet often overlooked and underprotected. This may be because inadequate understanding of their ecosystem services leaves them undervalued by society. However, evidence of negative attitudes towards TRs is scant.

We investigated the strength and extent of negative attitudes by surveying undergraduate students from Australia, UK, and USA on their agreement (positive attitude) or disagreement (negative attitude) with statements about the ecosystem services, moral consideration, and protection of perennial and TRs. Students were surveyed at the start and end of teaching units covering environmental topics.

Disagreement with statements was uncommon (17% across all statements and surveys) and attitudes towards TRs were mostly positive. However, attitudes towards perennial rivers were more positive, particularly in comparison with non‐flowing TRs and with regard to their aesthetic value and recreational amenity. There were no significant differences in attitudes towards perennial and TRs in one teaching unit in Australia, and responses were more often more positive at the end of teaching units in the UK.

Our study indicates education can change attitudes. The overall positive response to statements may reflect underlying environmental awareness and pre‐existing interest of participants enrolled in environmental and biology degrees, but not necessarily specific knowledge of TRs. General environmental education across the wider community could improve attitudes towards TRs, particularly when they are not flowing or in regions where they are uncommon or inconspicuous, and could support positive protection measures and innovative, inclusive management.

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Erratum zu: Qualitätskriterien forensischer Ambulanzen des Strafvollzugs
Authors: Schwarze C. , Voß T. , Kliesch O. , Bauer A. , Braunisch S. , Feil M. G. , Fellmann H. , von Franqué F. , Freese R. , Gretenkord Y. , Huchzermeier C. , Jückstock V. , Klemm T. , Kroon-Heinzen H. , Martin R. , Pitzing J. , Wegner K. , Zisterer-Schick M. 
Published: April 2019

Erratum zu:

Forens Psychiatr Psychol Kriminol 2018

10.1007/s11757-018-0476-1

Der Artikel Qualitätskriterien forensischer Ambulanzen des Strafvollzugs von C. Schwarze et al. wurde ursprünglich am 1. Juni 2018 ohne „Open Access“ online auf der Internetplattform des Verlags publiziert. …
Factors influencing Detrital Mineralogy and Tectono-provenance of Fort Member Sandstone, Jaisalmer Formation, Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Ahmad Faiz , Quasim M. A. , Ahmad A. H. M. , Ghaznavi Asma A. , Khan Z. , Albaroot M. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Detrital mineralogy of the sandstone of Fort Member of Jurassic Jaisalmer basin has been investigated with respect to provenance, the influence of palaeoclimate, distance of transport and effects of diagenesis on the detrital mineralogy. Petrographic studies based on quantitative analysis of the detrital minerals revealed that the sandstones are composed mostly of quartz, feldspar, mica, chert, rock fragments and heavy minerals. The detrital modes of the studied Fort Member sandstone, which are indicative of mature stable cratonic blocks and recycled orogen provenance, where sediments are likely to be derived from collision orogen under semi-humid to humid climatic conditions. Petrographic data coupled with the palaeocurrent analysis results indicate a mixed provenance including granites, granite-gneisses, low and high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Aravalli craton.
Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization of Low Grade Iron Ore Fines from Barsua Area, Eastern India with Implications on Beneficiation and Waste Utilization
Authors: Patra Satyananda , Pattanaik Abhyarthana , Venkatesh Akella Satya , Venugopal Rayasam 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The consumption of iron ore has increased rapidly over the past decade due to the tremendous growth of iron and steel industry. The depletion of high grade iron ore resources make it inevitable to utilize the existing low grade iron ores/ fines/ tailings with effective beneficiation to meet the present specification and demand. Enormous amounts of fines are produced both from the natural geological process as well during the mechanized mining operations which is hitherto in unknown resource present in the form of waste. Beneficiation and utilization of these fines/tailings still remains a challenging task. In order to find out the effective way of utilization of these fines, an in-depth characterization study is essential. A detailed insight into the different mineralogical attributes involving microscopic SEM-EDX, EPMA, XRD, FTIR, TGA, physical and chemical characterization are undertaken on the Barsua iron ores fines. These studies revealed that hematite and goethite are the major iron bearing minerals with gibbsite, kaolinite and quartz present as gangue that makes up the deleterious Al and Si content. Traces of magnetite is also observed along with martite. The liberation size of the sample is found to be below 150 μm. The bulk chemical composition shows around 57.67% Fe, 6.29% Al2O3, 3.52% SiO2 and 6.93% LOI. Based on the detailed characterization, possible routes of beneficiation of the iron ore fines are discussed.
Influence of Thermal Conductivity of Rocks on Polar Ice Sheet Recession near Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica
Authors: Swain Ashit Kumar 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Thermal conductivity of individual rock types plays a noteworthy role in melting of the ice mass at the contact with the rocks. These are heavily influenced by their mineral constituents and the structural fabrics within the rocks. In the decreasing order of influence on melting of the nearby ice mass, the exposed rock units of Schirmacher Oasis are demarcated as metapelites (6.1 ± 0.37 Wm−1K−1), quartzofeldspathic augen gneiss (6.08 ± 0.04 Wm–1K–1), garnet rich biotite quartzofeldspathic gneiss with rare layers of amphibolites (4.34 ± 0.68 Wm–1K–1), charnockite-enderbite interlayered with pyroxene granulite (3.99 ± 0.44 Wm–1K–1), quartzofeldspathic gneiss ± garnet with few enclaves of charnockite and pyroxene granulites (3.53 ± 0.22 Wm–1K–1), norite (3.38 ± 0.26 Wm–1K–1), dolerite dykes (3.32 ± 0.15 Wm–1K–1). Metamafic and metaultramafic rocks occurring as enclaves in charnockitic zones (3.07 ± 0.11 Wm–1K–1), nodular basaltic dykes (2.98 ± 0.16 Wm–1K–1) and lamprophyre dykes (2.77 ± 0.18 Wm–1K–1). The detail investigation around Dakshin Gangotri Glacier snout at the margin of the Schirmacher Oasis and the Polar ice sheet indicates that the rocks with higher thermal conductivity values show a higher average annual recession than that of the lower thermal conductivity values. The spatial distribution and the variations in the thermal conductivity of the rocks in different places within the Schirmacher Oasis are one of the factors contributing to the differential rate of Polar ice sheet recession at its margin.
Clay Minerals and Associated Metals in Mudflat Core Sediments of the Vaghotan Estuary, India: Implications of Metal Sorption
Authors: Nasnodkar Maheshwar R. , Nayak Ganapati N. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Mudflat core sediments representing sub (V-1) and main (V-2) channels of the Vaghotan estuary were investigated for clay mineralogy and their chemistry. The depositional environment has regulated differential flocculation of clay minerals in sub and main channels of the estuary. The concentration of kaolinite and smectite was higher than illite and chlorite in sediments which was attributed to the weathering of laterites and Deccan basalts in the drainage basin, and river-sea water mixing condition. Further, the concentration of Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and Cr in the clay fraction was higher in the sub-channel than the main channel of the estuary. The variation in clay minerals composition, source of metals and depositional conditions regulated the distribution of metals in sub and main channels of the estuary. The significant correlation of smectite with Zn, and kaolinite with Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Co and Cr in core V-2 suggests their role in sorption of metals. However, clay minerals (except smectite with Zn) showed insignificant correlation with metals in the core V-1. In the sub-channel adsorbents, other than the clay minerals seemed to have regulated the sorption of metals.
Tailored Text Message Prompts to Increase Therapy Homework Adherence: A Single-Case Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Alfonsson Sven , Englund Joakim , Parling Thomas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground:Psychotherapy homework completion is associated with positive treatment outcomes, but many patients show low adherence to prescribed assignments. Whether text-message prompts are effective in increasing adherence to assignments is unknown.Aims:To evaluate whether tailored daily text-message prompts can increase homework adherence in a stress/anxiety treatment.Method:This study used a randomised controlled single-case alternating treatment design with parallel replication in seven participants. Participants received a five-week relaxation program for stress and anxiety with daily exercises. The intervention consisted of daily text messages tailored for each participant. Phases with or without text messages were randomly alternated over the study course. Randomisation tests were used to statistically analyse differences in mean number of completed relaxation exercises between phases.Results:There was a significant (combinedp= .018) effect of daily text messages on homework adherence across participants with weak to medium effect size improvements. No negative effects of daily text messages were identified.Conclusions:Tailored text messages can marginally improve adherence to assignments for patients in CBT. Further studies may investigate how text messages can be made relevant for more patients and whether text messages can be used to increase homework quality rather than quantity.
LIU ZEHUA 劉澤華 (1935–2018)
Authors: Pines Yuri 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis obituary surveys the biography and major works of Liu Zehua, a leading scholar of China’s intellectual history, political thought, and political culture. It explores the impact of Liu Zehua’s personal experience, in particular the upheavals of the Cultural Revolution, on his conceptualization of Chinese political culture as subjugated to the overarching principle of monarchism. Liu Zehua’s critical engagement with China’s past distinguished him from proponents of revival of traditional values and made him one of the powerful opponents of cultural conservatives in China.
On the robustness of emptying filling boxes to sudden changes in the wind
Authors: Craske John , Hughes Graham O. 
Published: April 2019

We determine the smallest instantaneous increase in the strength of an opposing wind that is necessary to permanently reverse the forward displacement flow that is driven by a two-layer thermal stratification. With an interpretation in terms of the flow’s energetics, the results clarify why the ventilation of a confined space with a stably stratified buoyancy field is less susceptible to being permanently reversed by the wind than the ventilation of a space with a uniform buoyancy field. For large opposing wind strengths we derive analytical upper and lower bounds for the system’s marginal stability, which exhibit a good agreement with the exact solution, even for modest opposing wind strengths. The work extends a previous formulation of the problem (Lishman & Woods, Build. Environ., vol. 44 (4), 2009, pp. 666–673) by accounting for the transient dynamics and energetics associated with the homogenisation of the interior, which prove to play a significant role in buffering temporal variations in the wind.
Bulk Stable Isotope Analyses of 14C Dated Carbonized Crusts on the Earliest Potteries of Northeastern Europe
Authors: Mökkönen Teemu , Nordqvist Kerkko 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper presents bulk stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N, C/N ratio) measurements of14C dated carbonized crusts on 6th and 5th millennium cal BC pottery from Finland and northwestern Russia. Based on this data, it explores the differences in the origins of crusts attached on the inner and outer surfaces of vessels, and the changes in dietary practices and pottery use. It is argued that during the earliest phase of pottery use, mostly terrestrial ingredients were processed in the vessels, and aquatic resources became visible centuries later during the 5th millennium cal BC.
In vitro anthelmintic activity ofSiparuna guianensisextract and essential oil againstStrongyloides venezuelensis
Authors: Carvalho V.F. , Ramos L. dos A. , da Silva C.A. , Nebo L. , Moraes D. , da Silva F.F.A. , da Costa N.C.A. , Rodrigues Junior R. de O. , de Souza L.F. , Rodrigues R.M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNew therapeutic approaches are necessary to control strongyloidiasis due to the side effects of, and resistance to, currently available drugs thiabendazole, albendazole, and ivermectin. This study examined the anthelmintic properties of extracts and isolated compounds fromSiparuna guianensisagainstStrongyloides venezuelensiseggs and larvae, using the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval motility test (LMT). Albendazole (0.025 mg/ml) and ivermectin (0.316 mg/ml) were used as the positive controls for the EHT and LMT assays, respectively.Strongyloides venezuelensiseggs or larvae (±50 specimens) were treated with ethanol extract (0.05–1.0 mg/ml), ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions (0.05–0.8 mg/ml), essential oil (0.2–1.0 mg/ml) and α-bisabolol (0.2–1.0 mg/ml) fromS. guianensis, and analysed by optical microscopy after 48 h (EHT), or after 24, 48 and 72 h (LMT). All the tested compounds exhibited ovicidal activity equivalent to the positive control and changed the morphology of the eggs. TheS. guianensisethanol extract and aqueous fraction were as effective as the positive control. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract and fractions revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and flavonoids. Therefore,S. guianensisis effective againstS. venezuelensiseggs and larvaein vitro, and can be considered as a potential alternative treatment for strongyloidiasis.
Short-term memory problems for phonemes’ serial order in adults with dyslexia: Evidence from a different analysis of the Nonword repetition task
Authors: Schraeyen Kirsten , Van der Elst Wim , Geudens Astrid , Ghesquière Pol , Sandra Dominiek 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany studies show that poor readers make more errors in nonword repetition than better readers. Although this finding is generally linked to the lower quality of poor readers’ phonological representations in verbal short-term memory, the nature of this poor performance remains unclear. We addressed this issue by focusing on two types of phoneme-related performance in a nonword repetition task: (a) recall of phonemes irrespective of their serial order (phoneme identity) and (b) recall of correctly reproduced phonemes’ serial order (serial order). We tested 91 young adults with and without dyslexia. Generalized linear mixed-effects models demonstrated that controls outperformed individuals with dyslexia in the recall of phonemes’ serial order but failed to detect a difference in the recall of phonemes’ identity. These findings are discussed not only in terms of the nature of or access to phonological representations but also in terms of another concept that has recently been advanced in the literature: a specialized serial order mechanism in verbal short-term memory. We also consider the possibility that individuals with dyslexia may be less sensitive to phonotactic constraints.
A GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE STREET OF THE DEAD AT THE TLAJINGA DISTRICT, TEOTIHUACAN, MEXICO
Authors: Stahlschmidt Mareike C. , McClung de Tapia Emily , Gutiérrez-Castorena Ma. del Carmen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractArchaeological investigations undertaken by the Proyecto Arqueológico Tlajinga Teotihuacán are focused on understanding urban expansion and household economies in this southern district of the city. Our geoarchaeological research addresses similar topics through examination of relevant microstratigraphic and botanical signatures as well as those relevant to reconstructing paleoenvironment. We investigated four different contexts at Tlajinga: the southern extension of the Street of the Dead, an obsidian working area outside Compound 17:S3E1, anthropogenic and natural layers below Compound 18:S3E1, and a soil profile at the San Lorenzo river. We employed micromorphological, pollen, and phytolith analyses as well as standard soil analytics to study the various deposits in these contexts. Our analysis demonstrates artificial lowering of the tepetate for continuing the axis of the Street of the Dead, microdebitage from obsidian working outside Compound 17:S3E1, and the preservation of in situ burning activities at Compound 18:S3E1. Further, we reconstruct alluvial infilling of the Street of the Dead with pedogenetic overprinting and present further evidence on the occurrence and variability of the Black San Pablo Paleosol and its agricultural significance.
ESTUDIO DE CONJUNTOS DEPARTAMENTALES Y ORGANIZACIÓN DE BARRIOS UTILIZANDO SENSORES REMOTOS Y GEOFÍSICA EN EL DISTRITO DE TLAJINGA, TEOTIHUACAN
Authors: Blancas Jorge , Barba Luis , Ortiz Agustín , Acosta Guillermo , Mejía Ramón Andrés G. , Carballo David M. 
Published: April 2019

RESUMENEstudios geofísicos, técnicas de sensores remotos y realización de mapas topográficos con GPS diferencial y vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT) han proporcionado una mejor comprensión de la organización espacial de los conjuntos departamentales y barrios en Teotihuacán. Nuestras investigaciones demuestran que en contraste con el mapa producido por el Teotihuacan Mapping Project (TMP) (Millon et al. 1973), el distrito de Tlanjinga es más rectangular y está más formalmente organizado, mientras que los conjuntos individuales tienen formas más irregulares, como lo había mostrado la excavación de Tlajinga 33 (Widmer y Storey 1993). Esto difiere de los nítidos cuadrados y rectángulos interpretados por las reconstrucciones arquitectónicas del TMP. El estudio de las imágenes satelitales mostró manchas blanquecinas en el terreno que parecen corresponder con áreas elevadas del mismo y con la desintegración de los aplanados de cal, destruidos por el tiempo y el trabajo agrícola. También verificamos la continuación del trazo de la Calzada de los Muertos que cruza este distrito mediante la modificación del relieve ocasionada por la excavación realizada en la toba volcánica subyacente (tepetate).
Manipulating parallel circuits: the perioperative management of patients with complex congenital cardiac disease
Authors: Lawrenson John , Eyskens Benedicte , Vlasselaers Dirk , Gewillig Marc 
Published: April 2019

In all patients undergoing cardiac surgery, the effective delivery of oxygen to the tissues is of paramount importance. In the patient with relatively normal cardiac structures, the pulmonary and systemic circulations are relatively independent of each other. In the patient with a functional single ventricle, the pulmonary and systemic circulations are dependent on the same pump. As a consequence of this interdependency, the haemodynamic changes following complex palliative procedures, such as the Norwood operation, can be difficult to understand.Comparison of the newly created surgical connections to a simple set of direct current electrical circuits may help the practitioner to successfully care for the patient. In patients undergoing complex palliations, the pulmonary and systemic circulations can be compared to two circuits in parallel. Manipulations of variables, such as resistance or flow, in one circuit, can profoundly affect the performance of the other circuit. A large pulmonary flow might result in a large increase in the saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen returning to the heart via the pulmonary veins at the expense of a decreased systemic flow. Accurate balancing of these parallel circulations requires an appreciation of all interventions that can affect individual components of both circulations.
Abstracts for the British Congenital Cardiac Association Annual Meeting: The Barbican, London, 24–25 November 2005: Poster Presentations: Epoprostenol treatment in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Lammers A.E. , Hislop A. A. , Flynn Y. , Haworth S.G. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Continuous intravenous Epoprostenol treatment has been shown to be beneficial in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We report the experience of the UK Pulmonary Hypertension Service for Children treating 39 children with this therapy. Patients and methods: The patients were aged 4 months to 17 years (median 5.4 years), male: female ratio was 1: 1.2. Eleven children were treated with Epoprostenol alone. Twenty-eight were also treated with Sildenafil, Bosentan, Nifedipine or a combination of these. Twenty-five children had idiopathic PAH and 14 had PAH associated with congenital heart disease (9), connective tissue disease (2), chronic lung disease (2) or HIV (1). Cardiac catheter studies made before treatment began showed that in 26 patients the pulmonary artery pressure equalled or exceeded the systemic pressure. Thirty-four patients had a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) study with a mean PVR of 23 ± 12 units m2. After initial evaluation children were monitored by ECG, transthoracic echocardiography, weight, 6-minute-walk test and WHO functional class. Results: Follow-up was 1–90 months (mean 27). Twenty-four children remain stable and well, 8 have been transplanted and 7 died on treatment. There was no deterioration in the ECG; the 6-minute walk distance and right ventricular function assessed by echocardiography remained stable. WHO functional class improved from 3.6 to 2.6 during the first year (n = 38) (p < 0.001) and remained stable for up to 3 years (n = 17). Weight improved significantly (p < 0.05). A Kaplan Meier survival curve showed that survival was 94.4% at 1 year, 90.3% at 2 years and 83.9% at 3 years.Conclusions: Epoprostenol treatment improved survival, clinical status and WHO functional class in children with severe PAH. Survival in the children on intravenous Epoprostenol with and without combination therapy was better than that described in adult studies (McLaughlin VV, et al. Circulation 2002; 106: 1477–1482).
Can sleep disturbance be a cue of mood spectrum comorbidity? A preliminary study in panic disorder
Authors: Miniati Mario , Palagini Laura , Maglio Alessandra , Marazziti Donatella , Dell’Osso Liliana 
Published: April 2019

Objective.To investigate if sleep disturbances may affect treatment outcomes of patients with panic disorder (PD).Methods.Eighty-five PD outpatients with no Axis I comorbidity for mood disorders completed a baseline assessment (T1) and were evaluated after 3 (T2), 6 (T3) and 12 months (T4), with the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) total score as outcome measure during a 12-month naturalistic follow-up. Patients were assessed with the Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR, Lifetime Version), and the PDSS.Results.Forty-three patients (50.5%) met criteria for remission (PDSS<5) and 42 (49.5%) for no remission. In a logistic regression model withremissionas the dependent variable, MOODS-SRsleep disturbanceswas the only determinant for a lower likelihood of PD remission. The items accounting for this result were the following:Repeated difficulty falling asleep(chi-square = 4.4; df = 1;p= 0.036), andRepeatedly waking up in the middle of the night(chi-square = 5.2; df = 1;p= 0.022).Conclusion.Lifetime sleep disturbances would represent a cue of mood spectrum (in absence of overt affective comorbidity) that may impair remission in PD.