bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Pregnancy to Parenthood program: A dyadic intervention for mothers with perinatal mental disorders and their infants
Authors: Matacz Rochelle , Byrne Shannon , Nosaka Kaoru , Priddis Lynn , Finlay‐Jones Amy , Lim Izaak , Bloxsome Dianne , Newman‐Morris Vesna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDyadic interventions targeting maternal mental health and the mother‐infant relationship in the perinatal period are critical due to the potential consequences of perinatal mental illness and relational disturbance for the mother, the infant, and their family. This paper describes the Pregnancy to Parenthood (P2P) model of care, a dyadic mother‐infant community‐based program designed to support vulnerable families in Western Australia in the context of an identified need to build workforce capacity. A pragmatic service evaluation study was conducted by analyzing routine clinical data collected from 105 dyads who completed pre‐ and post‐intervention measures, including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS), and the Mother Object Relations Scale‐Short Form (MORS‐SF). Reliable change index and cut‐off analyses indicated a clinically reliable pre‐post reduction in perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms for 71% and 68% of the sample, respectively. Significant pre‐post improvements with medium effect sizes (r = −.46, r = −.32) were found for caregiving representations on the MORS‐SF, suggesting representations became more balanced. These results provide provisional evidence that the P2P model of care may be effective in improving maternal mental health and caregiving representations. Further research is required to evaluate the efficacy of P2P in relation to enhancing family well‐being, and to inform policy and mental health service development.
SFNet: Spatial and Frequency Domain Networks for Wide‐Field OCT Angiography Retinal Vessel Segmentation
Authors: Li Sien , Ma Fei , Yan Fen , Dong Xiwei , Guo Yanfei , Meng Jing , Liu Hongjuan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAutomatic segmentation of blood vessels in fundus images is important to assist ophthalmologists in diagnosis. However, automatic segmentation for Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) blood vessels has not been fully investigated due to various difficulties, such as vessel complexity. In addition, there are only a few publicly available OCTA image data sets for training and validating segmentation algorithms. To address these issues, we constructed a wild‐field retinal OCTA segmentation data set, the Retinal Vessels Images in OCTA (REVIO) dataset. Second, we propose a new retinal vessel segmentation network based on spatial and frequency domain networks (SFNet). The proposed model are tested on three benchmark data sets including REVIO, ROSE and OCTA‐500. The experimental results show superior performance on segmentation tasks compared to the representative methods.
Food insecurity in a diverse community pediatric gastroenterology clinic: Screening strategies and insights
Authors: Watson Ashleigh , Jazayeri Amir , Raj Priya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the prevalence of food insecurity (FI) in the community pediatric gastroenterology (GI) subspecialty clinic at Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) West Campus and to assess the utilization of services through our partnership with a local food bank.MethodsFrom July 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024, all patients seen in the pediatric GI clinic at TCH West Campus were screened for FI using the validated Hunger Vital Sign tool and given the opportunity to consult with a local food bank representative. A retrospective chart review was then performed on patients who completed the implemented FI screening process.Results13.4% of the total patients screened positive for FI. Hispanic patients (p < 0.0001), patients with the preferred language of Spanish (p < 0.0001), those enrolled in Medicaid or Children's Health Insurance Program (p < 0.0001), and patients with obesity (body mass index ≥ 30.0, p = 0.0003) were more likely to screen positive for FI. Poor weight gain/failure to thrive and steatotic liver disease were significantly more common in those with FI (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively), while celiac disease, abdominal pain, and blood in stool were more common in those without FI (p = 0.0003, 0.0475, and 0.0404, respectively). As a result of our implemented FI screening process, 68.4% of those screening positive opted for resource referral, with 50.7% successfully receiving assistance in combating FI.ConclusionsIdentifying the potential impact of FI in common pediatric GI conditions calls for proactive screening and more holistic, patient‐centered approaches in clinical practice
High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol to c‐reactive protein ratio predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after electrical cardioversion
Authors: Sonsöz Mehmet Rasih , Demirtaş İhsan , Canbolat Orkun , Karadamar Nazime , Özkan Eyüp , Özateş Yelda Saltan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after cardioversion is common, and inflammation plays a critical role in its pathophysiology. We aimed to elucidate the predictive role of the ratio of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol to c‐reactive protein (HDL‐C/CRP) as an inflammatory marker in AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion (ECV). We analyzed patients who underwent elective ECV for atrial fibrillation between June 2020 and December 2023. Baseline levels of HDL‐C and CRP were obtained. Ninety‐six patients were included. The median age was 59 years, and 48% were female. Atrial fibrillation recurred after ECV in 56 patients (58%). In the AF recurrence group, CHA2DS2‐VASc score was higher (2 [1–3] vs. 1[0–2]; p = 0.013), left atrial diameter was larger (43 ± 5 vs. 40 ± 6 mm; p = 0.015), and HDL‐C/CRP ratio was lower (5.6 [2.7–13.0] vs. 14.0 [4.8–38.0]; p = 0.003) compared with the sinus rhythm group. Cox regression analysis showed that HDL‐C/CRP was a predictor of AF recurrence at follow‐up (unadjusted HR = 0.97; CI 95%: 0.95–0.99; p = 0.004; adjusted HR = 0.98; CI 95%: 0.96–0.99; p = 0.030). ROC curve showed that HDL‐C/CRP ratio was able to predict AF recurrence after ECV (AUC = 0.68; p = 0.003). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with baseline HDL‐C/CRP <7.4 had higher AF recurrence (log‐rank test p = 0.013). Our research demonstrated that the lower HDL‐C/CRP ratio predicted AF recurrence after ECV during follow‐up.
L‐Shaped Scapular and Parascapular Combined Flap for Reconstruction of a Large Surface Defect After Sarcoma Resection Using ICG Angiography: A Case Series of 6 Patients
Authors: Karakawa Ryo , Yoshimatsu Hidehiko , Imai Hirofumi , Yano Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) pose challenges in management due to large defects following wide resection. Reconstructive options are often limited, especially in patients with large circular defects below the gluteal region. This article addresses the question of how to effectively reconstruct such defects while minimizing donor‐site morbidity. We present our experience with using an L‐shaped combined scapular and parascapular flap after STS resection, highlighting the novelty of employing indocyanine green (ICG) angiography to ensure optimal blood flow and surgical safety.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent STS resection and immediate reconstruction using an L‐shaped scapular and parascapular combined flap between October 2022 and April 2024. The feasibility of the procedure was assessed by analyzing the patient demographics, tumor characteristics, defect and flap sizes, operative time, and postoperative outcomes, including donor‐site complications and shoulder function.ResultsSix patients underwent reconstruction using an L‐shaped combined flap with no donor‐site complications or significant shoulder dysfunction. The average sizes were 15.7 × 13.7 cm for the defect, 20 × 7 cm for the scapular flap, and 23 × 7.3 cm for the parascapular flap. The average operative time was 7 h and 9 min. The average follow‐up period was 10.2 months. Except for one case of partial flap necrosis, all flaps survived completely, highlighting the reliability of the procedure.ConclusionL‐shaped combined scapular and parascapular flaps are promising reconstructive techniques for large surface defects after STS resection with low donor‐site morbidity and preservation of shoulder function. The novel application of these flaps for large circular defects below the gluteal region, combined with the use of ICG angiography to ensure flap viability and enhance surgical safety, are key contributions of this study.
Wideband Air‐Filled Coaxial Filter Line
Authors: Platt Jori M. , Boskovic Ljubodrag B. , Filipovic Dejan S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA design for manufacturing (DFM) of a well‐performing wideband coaxial filter line using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) additive manufacturing is proposed. The demonstrated transmission line is an air‐filled coaxial line chosen for low loss and consistent group delay over the bandwidth. Transmission line theory is used first to account for the impact of the shorted stub needed to support the central conductor. Deviations due to parasitics are described to transition the design from an ideal model to a physical prototype. The constraints inherent in DMLS are discussed and accounted for throughout the DFM. This process is demonstrated with a prototype having return and insertion losses of greater than 10 dB and less than 1.64 dB, respectively, over a 5.3:1 bandwidth from 6.4 to 33.9 GHz with a flat group delay of 129 ps ± 7%.
Optimizing Connected Components Graph Partitioning With Minimum Size Constraints Using Integer Programming and Spectral Clustering Techniques
Authors: Cordero Mishelle , Miniguano–Trujillo Andrés , Recalde Diego , Torres Ramiro , Vaca Polo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this work, a graph partitioning problem in a fixed number of connected components is considered. Given an undirected graph with costs on the edges, the problem consists of partitioning the set of nodes into a fixed number of subsets with minimum size, where each subset induces a connected subgraph with minimal edge cost. The problem naturally surges in applications where connectivity is essential, such as cluster detection in social networks, political districting, sports team realignment, and energy distribution. Mixed Integer Programming formulations together with a variety of valid inequalities are demonstrated and computationally tested. An assisted column generation approach by spectral clustering is also proposed for this problem with additional valid inequalities. Finally, the methods are tested for several simulated instances, and computational results are discussed. Overall, the proposed column generation technique enhanced by spectral clustering offers a promising approach to solve clustering and partitioning problems.
Development of a Frailty Prediction Model Among Older Adults in China: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis Using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Tang Xianping , Shen Dongdong , Zhou Tian , Ge Song , Wu Xiang , Wang Aming , Li Mei , Xia Youbing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo identify the risk factors associated with frailty among older adults in China and develop a predictive model for assessing their frailty risk.DesignSecondary cross‐sectional analysis.MethodsThe 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) provided data for this study. A total of 9006 participants were included in the analysis. Their general demographic, socioeconomic status and health behaviour risk factors were collected in the CLHLS. Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index. A visual nomogram model was constructed based on independent predictors identified using multivariate analysis. The nomogram's discrimination and calibration capabilities were evaluated using the C‐statistics and calibration curves. A 1000‐times resampling enhanced bootstrap method was performed for internal validation of the nomogram.ResultsThe results showed that living in rural settings, having a primary education level, having a spouse, having basic living security, smoking, drinking, exercising and social activities were protective factors against frailty. Increasing age, being underweight or obese, adverse self‐assessed economic status and poor sleep quality were risk factors of frailty. The AUC values of the internal validation set were 0.830. The calibration curve was close to ideal. The Brier score was 0.122. The above results showed that the nomogram model had a good predictive performance.ConclusionsA simple and fast frailty risk prediction model was developed in this study to help healthcare professionals screen older adults at high risk of frailty in China.ImpactThe frailty risk prediction model will assist healthcare professionals in risk management and decision‐making and provide targeted frailty prevention interventions. Screening high‐risk older adults and early intervention can reduce the risk of adverse outcomes and save medical expenses for older adults and society, thereby realising cost‐effective planning of health resources and healthy ageing.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution. This study was a cross‐sectional, secondary analysis of the CLHLS data.
Management of Prenatal Expanded Genetic Carrier Screening Results for Autosomal Recessive Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Srinivasan Tarika , Redfield Shelby , Poorvu Tabitha , Kenna Margaret A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveExpanded carrier screening (ECS) identified couples at‐risk to have a baby with an autosomal recessive genetic condition. Several genes implicated in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are included in prenatal or preconception genetics ECS testing. Early identification of SNHL risk may enable prognostication of hearing loss, early educational intervention, and minimization of unnecessary diagnostic testing. We sought to describe cases where ECS enabled early SNHL‐risk identification.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingMaternal‐Fetal Care Center and Otolaryngology department at an academic tertiary hospital.MethodsMedical records of parent‐infant dyads with positive ECS results for variants in autosomal recessive SNHL genes were reviewed. Data regarding genetic diagnostic testing, newborn hearing screening, time to HL diagnosis, audiological evaluation, and clinical consultations were compiled.ResultsFifteen pregnant with positive ECS results for SNHL were referred for consultation with a pediatric otolaryngologist and genetic counselor. Generally, these couples were highly educated and adequately insured. 14 had pathogenic variants for GJB2 and 1 for USH2A. Four couples pursued prenatal genetic diagnosis via amniocentesis; 11 couples deferred genetic testing to the postnatal period or waited for initial hearing evaluation. Six babies inherited biallelic GJB2 mutations. Four were found to have SNHL on ABR by age 5 weeks and received follow‐up management, 1 had a normal hearing evaluation despite being gene‐positive, and 1 was lost to follow‐up before hearing evaluation.ConclusionsCarrier screening and confirmatory prenatal or neonatal genetic testing provided considerable lead time for early audiometric testing and appropriate intervention services including hearing aid fitting.
Aqueous solution‐assisted in‐situ polymerization for fabrication of BNNS/PA12T nanocomposites with excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties
Authors: Li Shuang , Liu Hangzhuo , Xu Yimin , Wang Chen , Cao Zejun , Zhao Wei , Li Xin , Zhang Yuancheng , Cui Zhe , Fu Peng , Pang Xinchang , Zhang Xiaomeng , Liu Minying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMaintaining uniform dispersion of nano filler under high content is critical for fabricating polymer‐based composites with great mechanical and thermally conductive properties. In this work, BNNS/PA12T nanocomposite with the highest boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) content of 23.1 wt% was successfully prepared by the aqueous solution‐assisted in‐situ polymerization method. Results demonstrate that the BNNS can be uniformly dispersed in the composite due to the low viscosity during the polymerization process. As a result, when the content of BNNS is 23.1 wt%, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of BNNS/PA12T nanocomposite are 62 MPa and 1.55 W/(m·K). Furthermore, the composites also possess excellent high‐temperature resistance with the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 60 ppm/°C, about one third of pure PA12T, and the thermal deformation temperature also reaches 139.4°C. Therefore, the fabricated BNNS/PA12T nanocomposite can be effectively applied as thermal management and packaging materials for electronic devices.Highlights
BNNS/PA12T nanocomposites were prepared by aqueous solution‐assisted method.
BNNS can be uniformly dispersed at the filling content up to 23 wt%.
The thermal conductivity of BNNS/PA12T nanocomposite can reach 1.55 W/(m·K).
Possessing excellent mechanical properties and dimensional stability.
The nanocomposite can be effectively applied for thermal management.
Density Modifications Toward High Mechanical Performance Nanocellulose Aerogels
Authors: Duan Gaigai , Qin Qin , Hu Rubei , Liang Zhao , Han Xiaoshuai , Yang Haoqi , Huang Yong , Zhang Chunmei , He Shuijian , Jiang Shaohua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMechanical properties are crucial for the application of nanocellulose aerogels. In this work, a series of nanocellulose aerogels with solid content concentration gradient (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 wt%) of precursor dispersion are prepared by freeze‐drying method, and the effect of nanocellulose solid content on the mechanical properties of nanocellulose aerogels was investigated. As the solid content concentration increased, the internal microstructure of the aerogel underwent a transition from a sparse reticular structure to a tightly arranged lamellar structure. This transition led to a substantial improvement in the mechanical properties of the aerogel. At 50% strain, the compressive strength of the aerogel increased from 8.4 to 37.56 kPa with the increase of nanofibrillar cellulose solid content. Furthermore, the specific strength, specific modulus, and compressive modulus also increased, while maintaining a low density (20.02 mg/cm3) and high porosity (98.63%). This work confirms the feasibility of structural strengthening and mechanical property enhancement of nanocellulose aerogels by density modification, which provides a guidance for the design of durability enhancement of nanocellulose aerogels for broadening their application fields.
Localized Thermoresponsive Behavior in P(NIPAm‐co‐AAc) Copolymers: Structural Insights From Rheology and Small Angle X‐Ray Scattering
Authors: Fernandez Bordín S. P. , Rufeil Fiori E. , Padró J. M. , Galván Josa V.M. , Plivelic T. S. , Romero M. R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTStimuli‐responsive polymers stand out for their ability to respond to small environmental changes. One of the most representative thermo‐sensitive materials is poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm), which presents reversible phase transitions close to the human body temperature. However, previous studies observed that the copolymerization of NIPAm with small quantities of different monomers like acrylic acid (AAc) results in copolymers with reduced or lost thermo‐responsivity. In this study, thermo‐sensitive PNIPAm, pH‐sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc), and various proportions of their copolymers P(NIPAm‐co‐AAc) were obtained by free radical polymerization and thoroughly characterized. Rheological and structural studies reveal the remaining thermosensitivity of the copolymers manifested at short molecular ranges. These alterations in short‐range interactions are observed in all samples containing NIPAm, and they are evidenced by changes in the fractality of their structure and flow index behavior of the Viscosity Ostwald–de Waele Model. Particularly, when the copolymer proportion of NIPAm/AAc is about 40/60, the Beaucage model reveals two structural levels, ~200 and ~10 nm. Furthermore, the model exhibits a thermal response of the lower‐size substructures, indicating possible segregation of NIPAm‐rich regions from copolymer chains. The evidence found in this work could contribute to the development of nanosystems, in which local thermoresponsive effects are sought, such as for active drug targeting.
Characterization of two glutathione S‐transferase genes involved in clothianidin resistance in Bradysia odoriphaga
Authors: Ma Xingyu , Zeng Junjie , Zhang Chunni , Dai Wu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlutathione S‐transferase (GST) is a key phase II detoxification enzyme involved in xenobiotics metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the evolution of resistance to various types of insecticides. However, the specific functions of GST genes in clothianidin resistance remain obscure in Bradysia odoriphaga.RESULTSHere, a specific GST inhibitor, diethyl maleate (DEM), significantly increased the mortality of Bradysia odoriphaga larvae following exposure to clothianidin, and the activity of GST enzyme in clothianidin‐resistant (CL‐R) strain of Bradysia odoriphaga was markedly greater than that in the SS strain. Two sigma BoGSTs (BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2) were markedly overexpressed in the CL‐R strain and exhibited a higher abundance in the Malpighian tubules or midgut. Exposure to clothianidin resulted in a significant increased expression of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2. The knockdown of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 increased sensitivity of larvae to clothianidin in the resistant strain. Furthermore, overexpression of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 led to a significant increase in Escherichia coli cells tolerance to clothianidin. In vitro metabolic assays indicate that these two GSTs cannot directly metabolize clothianidin and its secondary metabolite desmethyl‐clothianidin. Disk diffusion assays and fluorescence competitive binding assays indicated that BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 play a critical role in clothianidin resistance by antioxidant activity and non‐catalytic binding activity. The docking results showed that BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 have strong binding affinity toward clothianidin.CONCLUSIONCollectively, these findings pinpoint the potential role of BoGSTs1 and BoGSTs2 in conferring insecticide resistance in Bradysia odoriphaga and contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of insecticide resistance. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.