bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consequences of stress induced by heat on fitness ofDelphacodes kuscheliand its yeast‐like endosymbionts
Authors: de la Fuente Daniela , Maciá Arnaldo , Cano María Eugenia , Toledo Andrea Vanesa , Brentassi María Eugenia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe planthopperDelphacodes kuscheliis the main vector of Mal de Río Cuarto virus in Argentina, disease that severely affects maize production. In this study, we investigated the effects of heat stress on fitness traits and on the number of its obligate yeast‐like symbionts (YLS). The exposition of newly‐hatched nymphs to 35°C for 3 days, a well‐known procedure used to reduce the number of YLS in planthoppers, was applied. To compare different fitness components between control and heat‐treated insects, we estimated nymphal instars development time, nymphal survival, adult body length, longevity, fecundity and fertility. Also, correlates of fitness, as proportion of sexes and wing forms of the emerging adults, were evaluated. In heat‐treated group, the nymphal developmental time increased due to an increase in the fifth instar duration, and the nymphal survival, body length of adults and fecundity were reduced when compared to control. There was a significant association between treatments (control and heat‐treated insects) and wing morphs. The heat treatment successfully reduced the number of YLS in third instar nymphs ofD. kuscheli. Our results revealed the negative effect of heat stress on development, survival and reproduction ofD. kuscheliand on the load of its YLS endosymbionts suggesting that YLS could play a crucial role in the development and reproduction of these planthoppers.
Qualitative and quantitative cues in consumers' valuation of food safety: Evidence from Lebanon
Authors: Chalak Ali , Diab Mohammad , Kassem Issmat I. , Abiad Mohamad G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this work, we explore consumers' behavior toward the joint provision of qualitative and quantitative food safety information. To this end, we conduct a choice experiment involving a representative sample of 700 households from Beirut, Lebanon, designed around the purchase of a high risk Middle Eastern traditional street food, “shawarma.” The surveyed household sample was divided among two treatments where one was provided with additional quantitative risk reduction information, hence labeled “informed” versus the other which is labeled as “uninformed”. Accordingly, we compare the willingness to pay (WTP) values between both informed and uninformed respondents given typical risk reduction levels using mixed‐logit. The analysis illustrates that consumers were less likely to choose more expensive products—all else being equal—with the average consumer preferring to buy shawarma sandwiches from “round the corner” shops as opposed to walking for more than 10 min, driving or ordering delivery. However, when food safety attributes were introduced preference shifted significantly toward food safety certification in all iterations as compared to no certification. This preference is independent of whether risk reduction information was provided. Nevertheless, once quantitative risk reduction information was shared, the results revealed a decrease in preference for food safety certificates. Accordingly, our results query the validity of incomplete risk information in food safety certifications and challenge some of the implications of risk communication on consumers' choice highlighting the need for improved and well‐defined risk communication strategies.Practical applicationsBased on our results, we foresee a merit for public authorities in Lebanon to review and upgrade the current food safety monitoring and certification services and couple them with assertive and well‐publicized risk reduction communication strategies. On the other hand, we suggest that the cost associated with these services should be heavily discounted or subsidized to benefit small and street food vendors. This will provide a powerful incentive for them to substantially improve on their food safety and hygiene practices. Given the evidence on the high premiums consumers are willing to pay for safer foods and transparent risk communication, such an incentive will become more persuasive for small food vendors. Accordingly, this will establish a robust market for street food safety in general and street foodborne risk communication in particular with considerable welfare gains to street food vendors which will ultimately shape consumer behavior.
Adhesive and oxidative response of stem cell and pre‐osteoblasts on titanium and zirconia surfaces in vitro
Authors: Wei Chenxuan , Gong Ting , Pow Edmond H. N. , Botelho Michael G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to investigate the initial stem cell and pre‐osteoblast cell adhesion and oxidative response on zirconia in comparison with titanium.MethodsHuman dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and murine pre‐osteoblasts (MC3T3‐E1) cells were cultured on zirconia and titanium surfaces, and at 3‐, 12‐, and 24‐hour intervals, cell viability and morphology were determined with tetrazolium based colorimetric assay, scanning electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence analysis. The in situ reactive oxygen species level of both cells on each material surface was examined after 24‐hour culture.ResultsBoth DPSC and MC3T3‐E1 cells revealed comparable morphological features during 24‐hour cell adhesion processes, with cells continued expanding of cell size and increasing of cell viability on titanium and zirconia surfaces during 24‐hour culture. Zirconia demonstrated relatively higher mean cell viability compared to titanium within 24‐hour culture, with significantly higher DPSC viability at 12 hours after seeding (P < 0.05). Relatively higher mean reactive oxygen species levels in both DPSC and MC3T3E1 were found on zirconia surfaces after 24‐hour culture compared to titanium.ConclusionsFrom the results, zirconia as a potential dental implant substrate demonstrated equivalent or better initial cellular responses compared to titanium.
Analysis of the microstructure of bulk MgB2 using TEM, EBSD and t‐EBSD
Authors: KOBLISCHKA‐VENEVA A. , KOBLISCHKA M.R. , SCHMAUCH J. , NOUDEM J. , MURAKAMI M. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryEBSD analysis can provide information about grain orientation, texture and grain boundary misorientation of bulk superconducting MgB2 samples intended for supermagnet applications. However, as the grain size of the MgB2 bulks is preferably in the 100–200 nm range, the common EBSD technique operating in reflection mode works only properly on highly dense samples. In order to achieve reasonably good Kikuchi pattern quality on all types of MgB2 samples, we apply here the newly developed transmission EBSD (t‐EBSD) technique to spark‐plasma sintered MgB2 samples. This method requires the preparation of TEM slices by means of focused ion‐beam milling, which are then analysed within the SEM, operating with a custom‐built sample holder. To obtain multiphase scans, we identified the Kikuchi pattern of the MgB4 phase which appears at higher reaction temperatures and may act as additional flux pinning sites. We present here for the first time EBSD mappings of multiple phases, which include MgB2, MgB4 and MgO.Lay DescriptionThe electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique operating in the scanning electron microscope provides information on the crystallographic orientation the material by recording Kikuchi patterns. In polycrystalline samples, it becomes possible to analyse the orientations of the grains to each other. The metallic superconductor with the currently highest superconducting transition temperature, MgB2 with a Tc of 38.5 K, can be used in applications in polycrystalline form. One such application of interest are trapped field magnets or supermagnets, where the superconductor cooled in an applied magnetic field can trap the magnetic field as vortices at numerous flux pinning sites in the sample. When the external magnetic field is removed, the sample will stay magnetised as long as it is kept cool, and importantly, the trapped magnetic fields can be much higher as for any permanent magnet. However, the small size of the MgB2 grains in the 100–200 nanometre range requires a different approach when using the EBSD technique on such samples. The recently developed EBSD technique working in transmission mode (t‐EBSD) helps considerably to image such materials. In this approach, a tiny TEM slice has to be milled out from the original sample by using focused ion beam milling. To understand the properties of the flux pinning in the spark‐plasma sintered MgB2 sample, we had to identify the Kikuchi pattern of MgB4, which is another, non‐superconducting phase appearing at higher reaction temperatures required to compact the material. Using this information, we could perform EBSD scans using three different phases, MgB2, MgB4 and MgO. The EBSD mappings enable to see where the secondary phase particles are located in the sample, and to judge if the particles could work as flux pinning sites.
Group Prenatal Care for Women Receiving Medication‐Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: An Interprofessional Approach
Authors: Sutter Mary Beth , Watson Hannah , Bauers Ariele , Johnson Kate , Hatley Mandy , Yonke Nicole , Leeman Lawrence 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOpioid use disorder among pregnant women is common and rapidly increasing nationwide. Group prenatal care is an innovative alternative to individual care for pregnant women and has been shown to improve women's and health care providers’ satisfaction and adherence to care. We describe a novel group prenatal care program colocated in an opioid treatment program that integrates prenatal care, substance use disorder counseling, and medication‐assisted treatment. Our interprofessional model draws on the unique contributions of physicians, midwives, nurses, and mental health professionals to address the complex needs of pregnant women with opioid use disorder. Participants reported increased trust and engagement with health care providers and peers, improved prenatal care and birth experience, and increased resilience for relapse prevention. Group prenatal care is an accepted and promising model for women with opioid use disorder in pregnancy and has the potential to improve outcomes for women and newborns.
CONTROLS ON FRACTURE FLOW POTENTIAL IN A TIGHT CARBONATE RESERVOIR: SAYINDERE FORMATION (CAMPANIAN), WEST ADIYAMAN BASIN, SE TURKEY
Authors: Ozkaya S. I. , Dölek T. , Yapan K. , Durukan B. Alper 
Published: March 2019

Identifying controls on the permeability of fluid‐conductive fractures is critical in tight reservoirs, but this is challenging in tectonically complex regions such as foothills belts where there may have been multiple stages of deformation and fracturing. Fracture permeability depends on fracture aperture and connectivity, both of which are affected by tectonism and cementation. Among the many factors that control the cementation history, oil charging may play an important role. Important challenges in studies of fractured reservoirs in tectonically complex regions include determining the timing (and intensity) of fracturing events relative to that of the oil charge, verifying the presence of matrix storage, and establishing the fracture cementation history.This paper reports on a comparative fracture study of four small‐scale oilfields in the west Adıyaman Basin, located within the foothills belt of the Tauride suture zone in SE Turkey. Here the tight reservoir carbonates of the Sayındere Formation (Campanian) were subjected to repeated phases of structural deformation. Major deformation phases took place in Campanian and Maastrichtian times, before oil charging into the reservoir began in the Eocene; and in the Late Eocene – Oligocene and Late Miocene, after the oil charge. Fractures that were generated before oil emplacement appear to have been cemented or partially cemented by calcite as indicated by cross‐cutting cemented fractures on borehole images. Partially‐cemented fractures in cores are oil‐stained with cement‐lined walls, suggesting cementation began before oil emplacement but was not completed. Image logs and cores also show the presence of clean, open fractures with no cement present on the walls. These open fractures cut across the cemented or partially‐cemented fractures, and are in general related to Late Miocene compressional folding. Open fracture density is correlated to Late Miocene fold curvature and asymmetry in the four oilfields studied. Of these fields, the Șambayat structure is the tightest and most asymmetric anticline and hence has the maximum open fracture density; this field also has the highest oil potential.Although the available data is not sufficient to evaluate the effects of oil charging on fracture cementation definitively, the observations are consistent with a model that oil charge into the fractured Sayındere Formation carbonates inhibited or slowed calcite cementation. Hence fracturing of a carbonate reservoir after oil emplacement may significantly enhance the fracture permeability, and may even render a tight reservoir prospective.
Effects of the Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities Intervention on Functional Fitness of Rural Women
Authors: Pullyblank Kristin , Strogatz David , Folta Sara C. , Paul Lynn , Nelson Miriam E. , Graham Meredith , Marshall Grace A. , Eldridge Galen , Parry Stephen A. , Mebust Sean , Seguin Rebecca A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purposes of these analyses were to determine whether Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities (SHHC), a multilevel, cardiovascular disease risk reduction program for overweight, sedentary rural women aged 40 or older, led to improved functional fitness, and if changes in fitness accounted for weight loss associated with program participation.MethodsSixteen rural communities were randomized to receive the SHHC intervention or a control program. Both programs involved groups of 12‐16 participants. The SHHC program met 1 hour twice a week for 24 weeks where participants engaged in aerobic exercise and progressive strength training. Program content addressed diet and social and environmental influences on heart‐healthy behavior. The control group met 1 hour each month for 6 months, covering current dietary and physical activity recommendations. Objective measures of functional fitness included the 30‐second arm curl, 30‐second chair stand, and 2‐minute step test. Self‐reported functional fitness was measured by the Physical Functioning Subscale of the MOS Short Form‐36 (SF‐36 PF).FindingsThe SHHC program was associated with increased strength and endurance, as represented by greater improvement in the chair stand and step test; and with increased physical function, as represented by the SF‐36 PF. Adjustment for change in aerobic endurance, as measured by the step test, accounted for two‐thirds of the intervention effect on weight loss at the end of the intervention.ConclusionsSHHC participants experienced improved performance on objective measures of functional fitness and self‐reported measures of physical function, and changes in weight were partially accounted for by changes in aerobic fitness.
A model of different cognitive processes during spontaneous and intentional coupling to music in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Moumdjian Lousin , Moens Bart , Vanzeir Ellen , De Klerck Beatrijs , Feys Peter , Leman Marc 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEvidence for using auditory–motor coupling in neurological rehabilitation to facilitate walking is increasing. However, the distinction between spontaneous and intended coupling and its underlying mechanisms is yet to be investigated. In this study, we include 30 persons with multiple sclerosis and 30 healthy controls (HCs) in an experiment with two sessions in which participants were asked to walk to music with various tempi, matching their preferred walking cadence (PWC) up to 10% above in incremental steps of 2%. In the first session, no instructions were given to synchronize. In the second, participants were instructed to synchronize steps to the beats. Spontaneous synchronization was possible at 0% and +2% of the PWC, and fewer persons with multiple sclerosis were able to do so compared with HCs. Instruction was needed to synchronize at above +2% tempo in all participants. In the instructed session, the +6% condition marked a cutoff for cognitively impaired persons, as they were no longer able to synchronize. Based on our findings, we constructed a model illustrating that spontaneous entrainment is limited, operating during spontaneous coupling at only 0% and +2% of the PWC, and that at a higher tempo, entrainment requires intentional synchronization, with an active cognitive control mechanism.
Identification of loci for single/double flower trait by combining genome‐wide association analysis and bulked segregant analysis in peach (Prunus persica)
Authors: Meng Ge , Zhu Gengrui , Fang Weichao , Chen Changwen , Wang Xinwei , Wang Lirong , Cao Ke 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeach is a typical perennial fruit crop that can be categorized both as an ornamental and edible crop. Double flower is an important appearance trait, in which breeders are pursuing in high‐quality ornamental peach breeding. The single/double flower character in peach is controlled by one gene, Dl, and the underlying genetic mechanism is unknown.ObjectiveIn this study, we explored the genetic basis of single/double flower trait in peach in a genome‐wide association study using 1 042 687 SNPs characterized in 201 accessions.MethodologyFour loci were identified to be significantly associated with the trait on chromosomes (Chr.) 1, 2 and 6. Besides, the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was performed with two DNA bulks (single and double flower pool) from the F1 population plants of a cross 'Juhuatao' × 'Honggengansutao'.ResultsWe found a genomic region on Chr. 2 by the BSA, which overlapped the association peak on Chr. 2 in the GWAS—denoted as a region harbouring Dl. Finally, a candidate gene was identified by expression analysis of different plant tissues.ConclusionOur results provide insights into the genetic basis of flower shape and might facilitate marker‐assisted selection breeding for ornamental peach.
The influence of an eHealth intervention for adults with type 2 diabetes on the patient–nurse relationship: a qualitative study
Authors: Lie Silje S. , Karlsen Bjørg , Graue Marit , Oftedal Bjørg 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundA constructive patient–nurse relationship is beneficial in self‐management support approaches. Research indicates eHealth interventions hold a potential for self‐management support for adults with type 2 diabetes. However, eHealth may change the patient–nurse relationship. No studies to date have addressed how eHealth self‐management support interventions with written asynchronous communication can influence the relationship between patients and nurses.AimThe aim of this study was to explore how an eHealth intervention based on the Guided Self‐Determination program (eGSD) influences the patient‐nurse relationship from the perspective of patients participating and the nurses conducting the intervention.MethodsA qualitative approach with individual semi‐structured interviews was used. Ten patients with type 2 diabetes who completed the eGSD and four nurses who delivered the intervention participated. The data were transcribed verbatim, and qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the text.ResultsThe findings revealed two themes: ‘eGSD facilitates a reciprocal understanding and a flexibility in the relationship’ and ‘eGSD creates a more fragile relationship’, reflecting ambiguous experiences with the eGSD.Conclusion and relevance to clinical practiceThe findings indicate that eGSD influences the patient–nurse relationship by facilitating reciprocal understanding and flexibility. Both patients and RNs acknowledged these outcomes as beneficial. Nevertheless, familiar in‐person consultations were expressed as integral for the patient–nurse relationship. As written communication in eHealth is a novelty, it demands new knowledge and expertise that RNs must master. Findings from this study may therefore be acknowledged when developing and implementing eHealth interventions. Education programs in written eHealth communication, as well as guidelines and frameworks on how to professionally and effectively conduct eHealth services while maintaining supportive patient–nurse relationships, should be a priority for institutions that educate healthcare personnel, health institutions and other stakeholders.
Patients experiences of bedside handover: findings from a meta‐synthesis
Authors: Bressan Valentina , Cadorin Lucia , Stevanin Simone , Palese Alvisa 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundBedside shift reports have been recently recommended to ensure handovers. However, no evidence summarising studies designed to determine the qualitative approaches capable of better understanding patient experience have been published to date.AimThe aim of this study was to acquire a deeper understanding of the experiences of patients regarding bedside shift reports.Data sources and review methodsA systematic review of qualitative studies followed by a meta‐synthesis method based upon Sandelowski's and Barroso's guidelines was performed. Four databases were systematically explored (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO) without any limitation in time and up to the 31 August 2018. A total of 10 studies were included and evaluated in their methodological quality; then, a thematic synthesis was developed to synthetize the findings.ResultsThree major themes reflect patients’ experience regarding the bedside shift reports: (i) ‘Being involved’; (ii) ‘Being the centre of nursing care processes’; and (iii) ‘Experiencing critical issues’. Patients are supportive of bedside shift reports as a right, as an opportunity to be involved, and of being in the centre of the nursing care process. By designing and implementing bedside shift reports, nurses also have an opportunity to increase patient safety and to provide concrete proof of the advancements achieved by the nursing profession in recent years.ConclusionsThe bedside shift reports experience has been little studied to date from the perspective of patients. According to the findings, implementation of the bedside shift reports should include providing education to nurses with regard to the preferences and expectations of patients, as well as the critical issues that they can experience during the bedside shift reports. Presenting the bedside shift reports method, asking patient consent, discussing potential critical issues and the degree of involvement preferred at hospital admission, is strongly recommended.