bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A tale of two serines: the effects of histone H2A mutations S122A and S129A on chromosome nondisjunction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kozmin Stanislav G , Dominska Margaret , Kokoska Robert J , Petes Thomas D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Near the C-terminus of histone H2A in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, there are 2 serines (S122 and S129) that are targets of phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of serine 129 in response to DNA damage is dependent on the Tel1 and Mec1 kinases. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. cerevisiae, the phosphorylation of serine 122 is dependent on the Bub1 kinase, and S. pombe strains with an alanine mutation of this serine have elevated levels of lagging chromosomes in mitosis. Strains that lack both Tel1 and Mec1 in S. cerevisiae have very elevated rates of nondisjunction. To clarify the functional importance of phosphorylation of serines 122 and 129 in H2A, we measured chromosome loss rates in single-mutant strains and double-mutant combinations. We also examined the interaction of mutations of BUB1, TEL1, and MEC1 in combination with mutations of serines 122 and 129 in H2A. We conclude that the phosphorylation state of S129 has no effect on chromosome disjunction whereas mutations that inactivate Bub1 or a S122A mutation in the histone H2A greatly elevate the rate of chromosome nondisjunction. Based on this analysis, we suggest that Bub1 exerts its primary effect on chromosome disjunction by phosphorylating S122 of histone H2A. However, Tel1, Mec1, and Bub1 are also functionally redundant in a second pathway affecting chromosome disjunction that is at least partially independent of phosphorylation of S122 of H2A.
Where Do We Draw the Line? Perceptions of Abuse of Older Adults and Their Association With Ageism
Authors: Storey Jennifer E , O’Brien Rhianna C , Fraga Dominguez Silvia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Violence against older adults is a prevalent global harm, and there is evidence that perceptions of violence toward older adults may affect reporting and intervention. The present study examines the perception of violence against older adults in contrast to violence against other age groups and investigates the role of ageism in those perceptions.

Methods
A total of 290 participants were surveyed and asked to indicate whether they perceived 15 abusive behaviors reflecting physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse and neglect to be abuse toward either an older adult (age 60+), adult, or child. Ageism was measured using the Ambivalent Ageism scale.

Results
On average, 25% of participants did not consider the abusive behaviors to be abuse. Perceptions of abuse were relatively stable across the 5 types of abuse examined (range: 25%–27%). Perceptions of the 15 abusive behaviors only varied due to older age in 3 instances, differences were sometimes between older adults and adults and sometimes children. Regression analyses showed increased ageism to be predictive of disagreement that behaviors were abusive in the older age group, explaining 8%–14% of the variance in perception. Regression models were not significant in the adult or child groups.

Discussion
Results raise serious concern about the perception of abuse toward older adults. Future studies should investigate the reasons for such perceptions and other contributing factors in order to identify effective mechanisms for change.
Gibberellin promotes theanine synthesis by relieving the inhibition of CsWRKY71 on CsTSI in tea plant (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Xiang Fen , Su Yi , Zhou Lingyun , Dai Cuiting , Jin Xuan , Liu Hongyan , Luo Weigui , Yang Wenbo , Li Wei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Theanine is a crucial indicator of tea quality, and its significance is closely tied to the economic value of tea. There have been many reports on the regulation mechanism of theanine synthesis and accumulation, but the mechanism by which gibberellin regulates theanine synthesis in tea plants is poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that the content of theanine experiences significant changes in the growth stages of tea shoots, displaying a strong correlation with gibberellin. This study confirmed that gibberellin significantly promoted the expression of the major gene of theanine synthesis, known as CsTSI. Additionally, the study identified CsWRKY71 as a transcription factor that mediated the regulation by gibberellin of theanine synthesis in tea plants. CsWRKY71 was localized in the nucleus and had a typical WRKY domain. It was a member of subclass IIC and its expression was significantly suppressed following exogenous GA3 treatment. Further assays, such as the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, dual luciferase and asODN (antisense oligodeoxynucleotide) interference, demonstrated that CsWRKY71 significantly interacted with the promoter of CsTSI, which inhibited theanine synthesis by binding to the cis-acting element (C/T)TGAC(T/C) of the CsTSI promoter. Overall, the addition of exogenous gibberellin alleviated the inhibition of CsTSI by down-regulating the expression of CsWRKY71, ultimately facilitating the rapid biosynthesis of theanine. This study elucidated the molecular mechanism of CsWRKY71-mediated gibberellin regulation of theanine synthesis in tea plant. The findings not only enhance our understanding of the regulatory processes involved in theanine synthesis in tea plants, but also provide important references for maintaining the characteristics of high theanine in the tea plant.
Evidence of a pelagic nursery area for phyllosomas of the scyllarid lobster Acantharctus ornatus (Holthuis, 1960) (Decapoda: Achelata: Scyllaridae) in a coastal bight in South Africa
Authors: Groeneveld Johan C , Porter Sean N , Govender Ashrenee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lobster phyllosoma larvae collected during surveys over the continental shelf of eastern South Africa (southwestern Indian Ocean) were analysed to determine the role of the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Bight as a pelagic nursery area. Surface waters in the shallow bight and further offshore, between the 20- and 1,000-m depth contours, were sampled with plankton nets in 2018 to 2023. Phyllosomas were absent from 87.9% of 257 tows, with high variability in the remaining tows indicating a patchy distribution with abundance hotspots. Phyllosomas of four scyllarid and three palinurid species were found among 311 captured specimens. The scyllarid Acantharctus ornatus (Holthuis, 1960) was the most abundant, constituting 94.9% of the phyllosomas caught, with all nine larval stages (I–IX) present. Phylogenetic analysis using the COI and 16S rDNA gene markers confirmed that previously undescribed early larval stages in samples belonged to A. ornatus. Most A. ornatus phyllosomas were caught at shallow-bight stations, with catch rates declining steeply to the north and south of the bight and when bottom depth exceeded 100 m. Season and sampling station (nested within cross-shelf transect) were significant variables in explaining phyllosoma abundance. We provide evidence that the KZN Bight serves as a pelagic nursery area for A. ornatus phyllosoma larvae at all developmental stages, but not for other lobster species with known adult populations in the region.
A longitudinal examination of collaboration diversity among communication scholars: 1990–2023
Authors: Xu Shan , Jitkajornwanich Kulsawasd , David Prabu , Park Hye-jung , Zhao Yani , Adu Jeffery , Chumthong Thanathip 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examines racial diversity in co-authorship in articles published in communication journals and its association with citations accrued over time. We analyzed 76,217 publications from 73 communication journals, spanning from 1990 to 2023, with a focus on racial diversity in authorship as an indicator of collaboration diversity. Our results reveal that diversity is positively associated with the number of citations received, with this positive effect increasing over time. In addition, non-White lead authors collaborated more diversely, whereas White authors exhibited a faster increase in collaboration diversity over the years. Furthermore, the positive association between collaboration diversity and citations was more pronounced when the lead author was non-White than when White. Additional analyses show a concerning disparity: While non-White first authors are equally likely as their White counterparts to publish in top journals, they receive significantly fewer citations.
Bare singular names and genericity
Authors: Gasparri Luca 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Predicativists hold that proper names are count nouns with a predicative meaning, and treat bare singular names as predicative DPs headed by an unpronounced definite. However, bare singular names exhibit differences in grammatical behavior from ordinary definite singulars. One difference, it has been argued, is that while ordinary definite singulars can be interpreted generically, bare singular names cannot. This is not right: bare singular names can have generic uses. I present the evidence and offer an argument that generics with bare singular names are good news for predicativists.
Primary division of annular pancreas: a surgical technique
Authors: Lim Kai-Zheong , Lee Alice , Croagh Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The authors presented a case of duodenal obstruction in a 61-year-old man, resulting from an annular pancreas diagnosed on imaging (computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and endoscopic ultrasound). The patient underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy. Intraoperatively, given a straightforward appearance and anatomy of the annular pancreas overlying the second part of the duodenum, and due to extensive adhesions in the abdomen, a primary division of the annular pancreas was performed, instead of a bypass procedure such as gastrojejunostomy. He had some residual symptoms 1 week postoperatively which was treated with duodenal dilatation endoscopically. On review and follow-up at 1 year, he has remained well with resolution of symptoms, supported by radiological improvement on a computed tomography performed at 4 months post-operatively. We believe this approach has resulted in less morbidity and a shorter period of recovery as compared to a bypass procedure and represents a reasonable therapeutic option for annular pancreas.
Chemical evolution of an evaporating lava pool
Authors: Curry Alfred , Mohanty Subhanjoy , Owen James E 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Many known rocky exoplanets are so highly irradiated that their dayside surfaces are molten, and ‘silicate atmospheres’, composed of rock-forming elements, are generated above these lava pools. The compositions of these ‘lava planet’ atmospheres are of great interest because they must be linked to the composition of the underlying rocky interiors. It may be possible to investigate these atmospheres, either by detecting them directly via emission spectroscopy or by observing the dust tails which trail the low-mass ‘catastrophically evaporating planets’. In this work, we develop a simple chemical model of the lava pool–atmosphere system under mass-loss, to study its evolution. Mass-loss can occur both into space and from the day to the nightside. We show that the system reaches a steady state, where the material in the escaping atmosphere has the same composition as that melted into the lava pool from the mantle. We show that the catastrophically evaporating planets are likely to be in this evolved state. This means that the composition of their dust tails is likely to be a direct trace of the composition of the mantle material that is melted into the lava pool. We further show that, due to the strength of day-to-nightside atmospheric transport, this evolved state may even apply to relatively high-mass planets ($\gtrsim 1\mathrm \,{M}_{\oplus }$). Moreover, the low pressure of evolved atmospheres implies that non-detections may not be due to the total lack of an atmosphere. Both conclusions are important for the interpretation of future observations.
Arkenstone – II. A model for unresolved cool clouds entrained in galactic winds in cosmological simulations
Authors: Smith Matthew C , Fielding Drummond B , Bryan Greg L , Bennett Jake S , Kim Chang-Goo , Ostriker Eve C , Somerville Rachel S 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Arkenstone is a new scheme that allows multiphase, stellar feedback-driven winds to be included in coarse resolution cosmological simulations. The evolution of galactic winds and their subsequent impact on the circumgalactic medium are altered by exchanges of mass, energy, momentum, and metals between their component phases. These exchanges are governed by complex, small-scale physical processes that cannot be resolved in cosmological simulations. In this second presentation paper, we describe Arkenstone’s novel cloud particle approach for modelling unresolvable cool clouds entrained in hot, fast winds. This general framework allows models of the cloud–wind interaction, derived from state-of-the-art high-resolution simulations, to be applied in a large-scale context. In this work, we adopt a cloud evolution model that captures simultaneous cloud mass loss to and gain from the ambient hot phase via turbulent mixing and radiative cooling, respectively. We demonstrate the scheme using non-cosmological idealized simulations of a galaxy with a realistic circumgalactic medium component, using the arepo code. We show that the ability of a high-specific energy wind component to perform preventative feedback may be limited by heavy loading of cool clouds coupled into it. We demonstrate that the diverging evolution of clouds of initially differing masses leads to a complex velocity field for the cool phase and a cloud mass function that varies both spatially and temporally in a non-trivial manner. These latter two phenomena can manifest in the simulation because of our choice of a Lagrangian discretization of the cloud population, in contrast to other proposed schemes.
hyenas: X-ray bubbles and cavities in the intragroup medium
Authors: Jennings Fred J , Babul Arif , Davé Romeel , Cui Weiguang , Rennehan Douglas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the role of the simba feedback model on the structure of the intragroup medium (IGrM) in the new hyenas suite of cutting-edge cosmological zoom-in simulations. Using 34 high-resolution zooms of haloes spanning from $10^{13}-10^{14}$${\rm M_\odot}$ at $z=0.286$, we follow haloes for 700 Myr, over several major active galactic nuclei (AGNs) jet feedback events. We use the moxha package to generate mock Chandra X-ray observations, as well as predictive mocks for the upcoming LEM mission, identifying many feedback-generated features such as cavities, shock-fronts, and hot-spots, closely mimicking real observations. Our sample comprises 105 snapshots with identified cavities, 50 with single bubbles, and 55 with two, and spans three orders of magnitude in observed cavity enthalpies, from $10^{41}-10^{44}$ erg s−1. Comparing semimajor axis length, midpoint radius, and eccentricity to a matched sample of observations, we find good agreement in cavity dimensions with real catalogues. We estimate cavity power from our mock maps following observational procedures, showing that this is typically more than enough to offset halo cooling, particularly in low-mass haloes, where we match the observed excess in energy relative to cooling. Bubble enthalpy as measured with the usual midpoint pressure typically exceeds the energy released by the most recent jet event, hinting that the mechanical work is done predominantly at a lower pressure against the IGrM. We demonstrate for the first time that X-ray cavities are observable in a modern large-scale simulation suite and discuss the use of realistic cavity mock observations as new halo-scale constraints on feedback models in cosmological simulations.
Serendipitous observation of a white dwarf companion to a JWST/MIRI coronagraphic calibrator
Authors: Venner Alexander , Limbach Mary Anne , Mâlin Mathilde , Blouin Simon , Boccaletti Anthony , Pearce Logan A 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the unplanned detection of a white dwarf companion to the star HD 218261 in mid-infrared (10–16 $\mu$m) observations with JWST/MIRI. This star was observed as a calibrator for coronagraphic observations of the exoplanet host HR 8799. HD 218261 B has only previously been detected by Gaia, and only in visible light. We confidently detect the companion in the mid-infrared, where it is less luminous than the primary by a factor of ${\sim} 10^4$. The visible and mid-infrared photometry are consistent with a white dwarf of $T_\text{eff}\approx 10000$ K, $M\approx 0.8~\mathrm{ M}_\odot$, though observation of its optical spectrum is required to precisely constrain its physical parameters. These results demonstrate that precise mid-infrared photometry of white dwarf companions to bright stars can be obtained with MIRI, opening up new possibilities for studying white dwarfs in close binaries.
Formation mechanism of iron–catechol complexes in the colored periostracum of Corbicula spp.
Authors: Takemoto Kuniko , Murakami Masataka , Ueno Yoshihiro , Bamba Daiya , Yamagishi Hirona 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The shell color of Corbicula clams, which are globally distributed, is roughly divided into yellowish and blackish depending on the environmental conditions of the sediment. The formation of an iron–L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) complex in a thin organic layer, called the periostracum, on a calcareous layer causes the blackening of the clamshell. However, the iron–DOPA complex formation mechanism is unclear. To reveal how the iron is transported from the aquatic environment to the periostracum, cross-sectional analyses of the shell were conducted using an electron probe microanalyzer and Raman spectroscopy to investigate the distribution and structure of iron in the shell. Iron was only present in the periostracum, excluding deposition, and all iron was in the form of an iron–DOPA complex. Attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealed that the molecular structure of the native periostracum is independent of shell color. These results indicate that dissolved iron–organic complexes diffuse from the aqueous environment to the periostracum, forming iron–DOPA complex through ligand exchange. Because the iron–DOPA complex color depends on the pH, the shell color can serve as a historical indicator of the shell's growth environment.
Barriers to adherence of posttreatment follow-up after positive primary cervical cancer screening in Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Alemayehu Rahel , Stroetmann Clara Yolanda , Wondimagegnehu Abigiya , Rabe Friedemann , Addissie Adamu , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna , Gizaw Muluken 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Even though it is preventable, cervical cancer contributes significantly to cancer-related mortality among Ethiopian women. Follow-up visits after treatment of precancerous lesions are essential to monitor lesion recurrence. In our previous study, we found a level of adherence to follow-up of 44.7%, but the reasons for low adherence have not been comprehensively explored within the Ethiopian context. This study aimed to identify these reasons by interviewing 167 women who had missed their follow-up appointments as well as 30 health professionals with experience in the field.

Methods
The study employed a mixed-methods approach: Quantitative data were collected through a telephone questionnaire conducted with 167 women who had a positive visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and had missed their follow-up appointments. Subsequently, in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 healthcare professionals, and an inductive content analysis was carried out.

Results
In the patient interviews, the reasons given most often were “lack of information about the follow-up” (35; 21.1%), “forgetting the appointment” (30; 18.1%), and “not seeing the need for follow-up” (24; 14.5%). Healthcare professionals identified various reasons such as lack of knowledge, living in a remote area/changing living area, forgetfulness, fear, poor counseling, a shortage of trained healthcare providers to give counseling and follow-up, and reminder-related barriers.

Conclusion
Lack of knowledge, forgetfulness, poor health-seeking behavior, and a lack of reminders were identified as barriers contributing to the low uptake of rescreening. Further interventions should target these by creating community awareness, improving patient counseling, tracing patients in need of follow-up, and making reminder calls or using SMS.
A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis of factors affecting mHealth adoption in India
Authors: Thomas Verghese , Jenkins Judy , George Jomin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
mHealth implementations are increasing in low- and middle-income countries to strengthen health systems and improve health outcomes. Following the proliferation of mobile internet use, Indian health systems have deployed mHealth widely. However, there is little evidence that mHealth has improved health outcomes in India across settings and at scale. The aim of this study was to review current evidence on perceptions and experiences of end users of mHealth in India and synthesize qualitative data to determine the factors influencing mHealth use to inform mHealth design, development, and implementation. A systematic review and qualitative synthesis of studies on mHealth in India was conducted by searching the Web of Science, Medline and CINAHL databases for qualitative studies on mHealth users including both health system beneficiaries and healthcare personnel. Findings from the studies were synthesized using thematic synthesis. The synthesis generated the themes of the Environment, the Users and the mHealth system. The data indicate that mHealth use improves when the environment supports its use; when users are motivated and have the ability to use mHealth systems; and when mHealth systems are aligned with the environmental context and fulfill users’ needs and desires. mHealth adoption in India can be improved through human centered design and by addressing the disparities in digital literacy between socio economic strata. These approaches are required to close the design reality gaps facing mHealth systems, to improve mHealth implementation for health system strengthening, and therefore, to improve health outcomes in India.
Epistemic Practices and Blurred Boundaries
Authors: Dias Nélia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the changing status, role, and uses of human remains in the history of archaeology. By focusing on the epistemic and material practices, it seeks to emphasize connections and tensions between archaeology and anthropology, as well as blurred boundaries between these two fields of inquiry. This chapter explores the processes through which human remains were progressively considered as material evidence of human differences and of the human past in spite of disagreements on what counted as evidence in archaeology and in anthropology. The chapter also considers nationalistic and political attempts to establish past–present continuities and correspondences (by means of craniology) between presumed “races” and prehistoric periods. Finally, the chapter examines diverse meanings and ethical implications of the term “human remains” and argues that different values involved in the current debates on human remains need to be situated in a broad comparative and historical perspective.