bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trial2rev: Combining machine learning and crowd-sourcing to create a shared space for updating systematic reviews
Authors: Martin Paige , Surian Didi , Bashir Rabia , Bourgeois Florence T , Dunn Adam G 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Systematic reviews of clinical trials could be updated faster by automatically monitoring relevant trials as they are registered, completed, and reported. Our aim was to provide a public interface to a database of curated links between systematic reviews and trial registrations.

Materials and Methods
We developed the server-side system components in Python, connected them to a PostgreSQL database, and implemented the web-based user interface using Javascript, HTML, and CSS. All code is available on GitHub under an open source MIT license and registered users can access and download all available data.

Results
The trial2rev system is a web-based interface to a database that collates and augments information from multiple sources including bibliographic databases, the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, and the actions of registered users. Users interact with the system by browsing, searching, or adding systematic reviews, verifying links to trials included in the review, and adding or voting on trials that they would expect to include in an update of the systematic review. The system can trigger the actions of software agents that add or vote on included and relevant trials, in response to user interactions or by scheduling updates from external resources.

Discussion and Conclusion
We designed a publicly-accessible resource to help systematic reviewers make decisions about systematic review updates. Where previous approaches have sought to reactively filter published reports of trials for inclusion in systematic reviews, our approach is to proactively monitor for relevant trials as they are registered and completed.
Maternal nutrition and stage of early pregnancy in beef heifers: impacts on hexose and AA concentrations in maternal and fetal fluids1
Authors: Crouse Matthew S , Greseth Nathaniel P , McLean Kyle J , Crosswhite Mellissa R , Pereira Nicolas Negrin , Ward Alison K , Reynolds Lawrence P , Dahlen Carl R , Neville Bryan W , Borowicz Pawel P , Caton Joel S 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We examined the hypothesis that maternal nutrition and day of gestation would affect the concentrations of AAs and hexoses in bovine utero-placental fluids and maternal serum from days 16 to 50 of gestation. Forty-nine cross-bred Angus heifers were bred via artificial insemination and fed a control diet (CON = 100% of requirements for growth) or a restricted diet (RES = 60% of CON) and ovariohysterectomized on days 16, 34, or 50 of gestation; nonpregnant controls were not bred and ovariohysterectomized on day 16 of the synchronized estrous cycle. The resulting design was a completely randomized design with a 2 × 3 factorial + 1 arrangement of treatments. Maternal serum, histotroph, allantoic fluid, and amniotic fluid were collected at time of ovariohysterectomy. Samples were then analyzed for concentrations of AAs and intermediary metabolites: alanine (Ala), arginine, asparagine (Asn), aspartate (Asp), citrulline, cysteine, glutamine, glutamate (Glu), glycine (Gly), histidine, isoleucine, leucine (Leu), lysine, methionine (Met), ornithine, phenylalanine (Phe), proline (Pro), serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), tryptophan, tyrosine (Tyr), and valine (Val). The concentrations of Gly, Ser, and Thr in maternal serum were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in CON compared with RES. Furthermore, day of gestation affected (P ≤ 0.05) concentrations of Asn, Glu, Phe, Thr, and Tyr in maternal serum. Status of maternal nutrition affected the Asp concentration of histotroph where RES was greater (P = 0.02) than CON. In histotroph, Ala, Leu, Met, and Val concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) on day 50 compared with day 16. Additionally, Glu and Pro concentrations in histotroph were greater (P &lt; 0.01) on days 34 and 50 compared with day 16. A day × treatment interaction was observed for the concentration of Val in allantoic fluid where day 34 CON was greater (P = 0.05) than all other days and nutritional treatments. In addition, the concentration of Gln in amniotic fluid experienced a day × treatment interaction where day 34 RES was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than day 34 CON, which was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than day 50 CON and RES. These data support our hypothesis that day of gestation and maternal nutrition affect the concentrations of various neutral and acidic AA in beef heifer utero-placental fluids and maternal serum from days 16 to 50 of gestation.
Respiratory Illness Associated With Emergent Human Adenovirus Genome Type 7d, New Jersey, 2016–2017
Authors: Killerby Marie E , Rozwadowski Faye , Lu Xiaoyan , Caulcrick-Grimes Mardea , McHugh Lisa , Haldeman Ann Marie , Fulton Tara , Schneider Eileen , Sakthivel Senthilkumar K , Bhatnagar Julu , Rabeneck Demi B , Zaki Sherif , Gerber Susan I , Watson John T 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are known causes of respiratory illness outbreaks in congregate settings, but cases and clusters are less well described from community settings in the United States. During December 2016–February 2017, the New Jersey Department of Health received reports of HAdV infections from 3 sources in 3 adjacent counties. We investigated to characterize the epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical features of this HAdV outbreak.

Methods
A case was defined as a New Jersey resident with acute respiratory illness during December 1, 2016–March 31, 2017 with laboratory identification of HAdV genome type 7d (HAdV-7d). Human adenovirus was detected by real-time and conventional polymerase chain reaction and molecular typed by partial hexon capsid protein gene sequencing. The HAdV genome type was identified by whole genome sequencing analysis. Available medical, public health, and surveillance records were reviewed.

Results
We identified 12 cases, including 3 treatment facility patients, 7 college students, and 2 cases at a tertiary-care hospital. Four cases died; all had underlying comorbidities. Nine HAdV-7d whole genome sequences obtained from all 3 sites were nearly identical.

Conclusions
Transmission of HAdV-7d occurred in community and congregate settings across 3 counties and resulted in severe morbidity and mortality in some cases with underlying comorbidities. Clinicians and local and state health departments should consider HAdV in patients with severe respiratory infection.
Cervical Template to Optimize the Plate-to-Disc Distance in Instrumented Anterior Cervical Discectomies and Fusions: Instrumentation Assessment
Authors: Tumialán Luis M 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
An increased incidence of adjacent segment degeneration in the cervical spine has been associated with a plate-to-disc distance (PDD) of <5 mm.

OBJECTIVE
To introduce a template to size, position, and secure a cervical plate and ensure a 5-mm minimum PDD.

METHODS
A prospective observational study was performed on 50 consecutive patients who had single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using a cervical template. The cervical template was secured into the interbody spacer and assessed for length, PDD, and adequate vertebral body coverage. Holes were drilled through the template, which was then removed for cervical plate placement. Postoperative radiographs were assessed for PDD to adjacent segments, the angle from the vertical axis of the spine, and distance from midline. Neck Disability Index and visual analog scale scores for the neck and arm were obtained preoperatively and at 30-d and 90-d follow-up.

RESULTS
Fifty patients underwent single-level ACDFs. The mean angle from the long axis of the spine was 2.4 (0.0-4.4) degrees; mean distance from midline was 1.3 (0.0-2.8) mm; and mean distance from the plate ends to the adjacent segments above was 5.4 (4.6-6.2) mm, and below, 5.1 (4.3-5.8) mm.

CONCLUSION
A cervical template can reliably secure the midline and predetermine the size of the shortest cervical plate for adequately stabilizing the segment for arthrodesis. Use of a template standardizes the process of maximizing the PDD.
A new large cynodont from the Late Permian (Lopingian) of the South African Karoo Basin and its phylogenetic significance
Authors: Abdala Fernando , Gaetano Leandro C , Smith Roger M H , Rubidge Bruce S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Karoo Basin of South Africa has the best global record of Lopingian (Late Permian) non-mammaliaform cynodonts, currently represented by five species. We describe Vetusodon elikhulu gen. et sp. nov., documented by four specimens from the Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone. With a basal skull length of ~18 cm, it is the largest Lopingian cynodont and is also larger than Induan representatives of the group. Vetusodon elikhulu has a cranial morphology that departs notably from that previously documented for Permo-Triassic cynodonts. It features a short and extremely wide snout, resembling that of the contemporaneous therocephalian Moschorhinus, and has large incisors and canines that contrast with the small unicusped postcanines, suggesting a more important role of the anterior dentition for feeding. The dentary is extremely long and robust, with the posterior margin located closer to the craniomandibular joint than in other Lopingian and Induan cynodonts (e.g. Thrinaxodon). The secondary palate morphology of V. elikhulu is unique, being short and incomplete and with the posterior portion of the maxilla partly covering the vomer. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that V. elikhulu is the sister taxon of Eucynodontia and thus the most derived of the Lopingian to Induan cynodonts yet discovered.
A direct and widespread role for the nuclear receptor EcR in mediating the response to ecdysone inDrosophila
Authors: Uyehara Christopher M. , McKay Daniel J. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe ecdysone pathway was amongst the first experimental systems employed to study the impact of steroid hormones on the genome. InDrosophilaand other insects, ecdysone coordinates developmental transitions, including wholesale transformation of the larva into the adult during metamorphosis. Like other hormones, ecdysone controls gene expression through a nuclear receptor, which functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor. Although it is clear that ecdysone elicits distinct transcriptional responses within its different target tissues, the role of its receptor, EcR, in regulating target gene expression is incompletely understood. In particular, EcR initiates a cascade of transcription factor expression in response to ecdysone, making it unclear which ecdysone-responsive genes are direct EcR targets. Here, we use the larval-to-prepupal transition of developing wings to examine the role of EcR in gene regulation. Genome-wide DNA binding profiles reveal that EcR exhibits widespread binding across the genome, including at many canonical ecdysone-response genes. However, the majority of its binding sites reside at genes with wing-specific functions. We also find that EcR binding is temporally dynamic, with thousands of binding sites changing over time. RNA-seq reveals that EcR acts as both a temporal gate to block precocious entry to the next developmental stage as well as a temporal trigger to promote the subsequent program. Finally, transgenic reporter analysis indicates that EcR regulates not only temporal changes in target enhancer activity but also spatial patterns. Together, these studies define EcR as a multipurpose, direct regulator of gene expression, greatly expanding its role in coordinating developmental transitions.SIGNIFICANCENuclear receptors (NRs) are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that act as intracellular receptors for small molecules such as hormones. Prior work has shown that NRs function as ligand-dependent switches that initiate a cascade of gene expression changes. The extent to which NRs function as direct regulators of downstream genes in these hierarchies remains incompletely understood. Here, we study the role of the NR EcR in metamorphosis of theDrosophilawing. We find that EcR directly regulates many genes at the top of the hierarchy as well as at downstream genes. Further, we find that EcR binds distinct sets of target genes at different developmental times. This work helps inform how hormones elicit tissue- and temporal-specific responses in target tissues.
Dimensions of neighborhood tracts and their associations with mental health problems
Authors: Forthman Katherine L. , Yeh Hung-wen , Kuplicki Rayus , Paulus Martin P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveNeighborhood characteristics can have profound effects on resident health. The aim of this study was to use an unsupervised learning approach to reduce the multi-dimensional assessment of a neighborhood using American Community Survey (ACS) data to simplify the assessment of neighborhood influence on health.MethodMultivariate quantitative characterization of the neighborhood was derived by performing a factor analysis on the 2011-2015 ACS data. The utility of the latent variables was examined by determining the association of these factors with poor mental health measures from the 500 Cities Project 2017 release.ResultsA five-factor model provided the best fit for the data and the latent factors quantified the following characteristics of the census tract: (1) affluence, (2) proportion of singletons in neighborhood, (3) proportion of African-Americans in neighborhood, (4) proportion of seniors in neighborhood, and (5) proportion of noncitizens in neighborhood. African-Americans (R2 = 0.67) in neighborhood and Affluence (R2 = 0.83) were strongly associated with poor mental health.ConclusionsThese findings indicate the importance of this factor model in future research focused on the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and resident health.
Policy and planning of research data management in university libraries of Pakistan
Authors: Piracha Haseeb Ahmad , Ameen Kanwal 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the policy framework and planning regarding research data management (RDM) in university libraries of Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 30 Higher Education Commission high ranking university libraries by using mixed method explanatory sequential design.

Findings
The results indicate that library heads just heard about RDM, but there was lack of knowledge and awareness. Few libraries were at the planning stage. Other major challenges including lack of willingness, motivation and coordination with researchers, non-availability of skillful professional and support staff, poor infrastructure and networking were found in this regard.

Originality/value
This is the first study of its kind that explores the planning and policy development regarding RDM in university libraries of Pakistan.
Soft skill development for employability
Authors: Yao Christina W. , Tuliao Minerva D. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore graduate students’ perception of how soft skills are developed at a transnational university in Vietnam, and how these soft skills contribute to their perceived employability.

Design/methodology/approach
This study utilized a qualitative case study method. In depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 graduate students at Vietnamese–German University.

Findings
Findings suggest that faculty utilized classroom-based practices to provide students the opportunity to enhance soft skills that are perceived to contribute to employability, such as skills related to independent work, interpersonal relationships and the ability to work in global contexts. In addition, interacting with international faculty played a large part in providing students the opportunity to develop their independent skills, critical thinking, communication and cultural competence.

Practical implications
Implications include multiple approaches, including faculty training, curriculum development and learner preparation. Institutions must consider how their curriculum contributes to the development of soft skills and how international faculty are prepared to engage meaningfully with students, particularly within specific global and political contexts. In addition, graduate students must also be prepared to engage in a classroom that promotes group work, class presentations and independent work.

Originality/value
This study provides insight on how a transnational institution can foster soft skills for employability in graduate students in Vietnam. Considering the growth of collaborative transnational institutions in Vietnam and Southeast Asia, findings and implications from this study provide recommendations on how to better prepare graduates for employability within a global economy.
Organising logistics and transport activities in construction
Authors: Dubois Anna , Hulthén Kajsa , Sundquist Viktoria 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse how different ways of organising transport and logistics activities in construction impact on efficiency. The paper scrutinises three particular transport and logistics configurations: the de-centralised coordinated configuration, the on-site coordinated configuration and the supply network coordinated configuration.Design/methodology/approachThree configurations are derived from the literature and from case studies. The efficiency of the three configurations is analysed on three levels of analysis: the construction site, the supply chain, and across supply chains and construction sites.FindingsThe paper concludes that there are possibilities to enhance efficiency on all three levels of analysis by widening the scope of coordination beyond the individual construction site.Practical implicationsThe analysis points to efficiency potentials in applying the supply network coordinated configuration, although this configuration puts high demands on collaboration amongst the actors involved.Originality/valueThe paper provides illustration, and explanation, of the efficiency potentials involved in the three configurations.
Policing the illicit trade of tobacco in Australia
Authors: King Michael 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify factors that have led to the rebirthing of the illicit cultivation of tobacco in Australia known as chop-chop. Limited research has been conducted on the Commonwealth policing of tobacco-related criminal activity, but no prior studies have investigated domestic cultivation since the tobacco farming ceased legal production.

Design/methodology/approach
To fill the void of the literature, this study used data collected from Australian Government publications, court cases and newspapers to develop an understanding of the financial aspects and policing of the rebirth of chop-chop. Newspaper articles for a range of publications for a two-year period were used to examine policing efforts to disrupt criminals engaged in domestic cultivation of tobacco.

Findings
As tobacco was first legally grown in Australia, authorities have always faced the problems associated with the illicit cultivation of tobacco. Findings indicate that as a result of the increased number of successful interception of illicit tobacco at the border, the domestic cultivation of chop-chop is growing as criminal enterprises find alternative means to fund their activities.

Originality/value
The paper improves upon a neglected topic by offering a current contribution to a topic looking at the illicit tobacco, chop-chop trade.
Improved Markov stable state simulation for maintenance planning
Authors: Nwadinobi Chibundo Princewill , Nwankwojike Bethrand Nduka , Abam Fidelis Ibiang 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a software (Equipment State Simulator) used for predicting equipment performance parameters required for maintenance planning.

Design/methodology/approach
This maintenance software was developed from the derived stable state probability models using algebraic substitution and computation of total operational period, number of breakdowns, total downtime, mean time between failures and mean time to repair of equipment/component(s) at preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance states. The models were derived using mechanistic modeling technique such that all the relevant variables were accounted for.

Findings
Analysis of this software revealed that its predictions reckon with the actual performance of the test specimens by about 99 percent.

Originality/value
The research proposes a maintenance model and software for predicting state probabilities of manufacturing systems degradation. This program also predicts maintenance action(s) required by the equipment based on the predetermined alert levels.
Empowering leadership and job performance: mediating role of psychological empowerment
Authors: Kundu Subhash C. , Kumar Sandeep , Gahlawat Neha 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to check the effects of empowering leadership on job performance of employees through the mediation of psychological empowerment.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data were gathered from 418 Indian banking employees. Statistical techniques like factor analysis, multiple regressions and bootstrapping via PROCESS were used to analyze the data.FindingsInitially, the results of multiple regression analysis revealed that empowering leadership behaviors have positive influence on psychological empowerment and job performance of subordinates. Further, bootstrap analysis revealed that the individual dimensions of psychological empowerment serially mediate the effects of empowering leadership behaviors on subordinates’ job performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study indicates that the empowering leadership style is not applicable to Western culture only, but it is also very effective in high power distance cultures like of India. The major limitation of the study is that the data have been gathered from a single source. This may lead to common method variance.Practical implicationsIn banking context, empowering leadership can improve the performance of employees by means of psychological empowerment. Training should be provided to organizational leaders in banks with special focus on facilitating the empowering behaviors among them.Originality/valueThe research studies on measuring the effects of empowering leadership on job performance through mediation of psychological empowerment are very limited.
From diffusion to translation: implementation of CSR practices in MNC subsidiaries
Authors: Jamali Dima , Makarem Yasmeen , Willi Alberto 
Published: January 2019

PurposeAnchored in institutional theory and sense-making theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) at the multinational corporations (MNC) subsidiary level in a developing country context.Design/methodology/approachThis paper follows a qualitative methodology and adopts the interview technique to investigate the CSR practices of eight MNCs.FindingsThe results suggest that the CSR diffusion process goes well beyond simple imitation (i.e. adopting CSR myths or best practices intact), involving complex processes of interpretation and translation at the subsidiary level to reconcile the multiple and contradictory expectations for CSR.Originality/valueThe paper illustrates the dynamics of the sense-making process at the level of the subsidiary and the numerous institutional factors that are accounted for while implementing CSR activities in the host community. This paper argues that the integration of the two theories helps bridge macro and micro levels of analysis, thus providing a much richer account of how organizational actors at the subsidiary level make “sense” of a multitude of institutional pressures in the process of CSR implementation stemming from within the MNC itself on one hand (and the respective home country) and from the host community on the other hand.