bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin and filgrastim
Authors: Laprise-Lachance Magali , Lemieux Pierre , Grégoire Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2018

Objectives To estimate the relative risk of pulmonary toxicity in patients exposed to a bleomycin-based chemotherapy including filgrastim compared to a similar chemotherapy without filgrastim. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study of patients treated with BEP (bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin) for germ cell cancer or with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) for Hodgkin’s lymphoma at the Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital between 31 October 2000 and 30 June 2016. The relative risk was estimated by an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) using a propensity score-adjusted regression analysis. Results Thirteen cases of pulmonary toxicity, representing 14.7% of the 88 patients included in the study, were matched with 65 controls. A higher proportion of women (31.8%) than men (11.3%) developed pulmonary toxicity although the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.08). Within the cohort, two deaths related to lung toxicity were observed among cases where no filgrastim was used. The risk of pulmonary toxicity associated with the addition of filgrastim was not statistically significant (aOR = 2.48 95% CI = 0.50 to 12.19). Conclusion The results add further evidence that the concomitant use of filgrastim might not increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin. It also suggests that female patients might be more likely to develop this adverse effect. A clinical trial would be needed to confirm this result.
Use of ab interno Kahook Dual Blade trabeculectomy for treatment of primary congenital glaucoma
Authors: Harvey Morgan M , Schmitz Joseph W 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare ocular disorder that is responsible for 0.01%–0.04% of total blindness worldwide.1 The goal of congenital glaucoma management is to allow for proper development of the immature visual system by controlling intraocular pressure. Medical therapy usually provides a supportive role to temporarily reduce intraocular pressure, but patients typically require iridocorneal angle surgery to facilitate aqueous humor outflow. In this report, we describe the use of minimally invasive ab interno Kahook Dual Blade trabeculectomy for treatment of primary congenital glaucoma. Case description: A 13-month-old male with bilateral primary congenital glaucoma due to a loss of function TEK mutation. He had bilateral findings of elevated intraocular pressures, buphthalmos, Haab’s striae, photophobia, and myopia. Over the course of 6 weeks, three ab interno trabeculectomies with a Kahook Dual Blade were performed in the patient’s left eye and one in the patient’s right eye. After 3 months, intraocular pressures while receiving pressure reducing ophthalmic drops bilaterally reduced from 43 to 21 mmHg in the right eye after a single surgery and from 44 to 34 mmHg in the left eye after three surgeries, eventually requiring glaucoma drainage implant placement. There were no complications. Conclusion: Ab interno Kahook Dual Blade Trabeculectomy is a minimally invasive and potentially successful procedure for the treatment of congenital glaucoma. The safety profile of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery warrants consideration for congenital glaucoma patients, as they usually require iridocorneal angle surgery because pharmacologic therapy is typically inadequate.
Tract dilation to salvage failing buttonholes in arteriovenous dialysis fistulae
Authors: Barzel Eyal , Larkin John W , Marcus Allen , Reviriego-Mendoza Marta M , Usvyat Len A , Sor Murat , Maddux Franklin W 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Hemodialysis patients with an arteriovenous fistula can use buttonhole techniques for cannulation. Although buttonholes generally work well, patients may report difficult and painful cannulation, and buttonholes may fail over time. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of tract dilation in treatment of failing buttonholes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients treated with buttonhole tract dilation at an outpatient vascular access center between January 2013 and August 2015. Results: Data from 23 patients were analyzed. There were 51 tract dilation procedures during 36 encounters for failing arteriovenous fistula buttonhole tract(s). The technical success rate for established tract dilation with “blunt-recanalization” was 90% (n = 46). The five remaining buttonholes had “sharp-recanalization” to create and dilate new tract through the buttonhole. For 46 buttonholes treated with “blunt-recanalization,” there was an 85% clinical success rate at one week (39 buttonholes), and one was lost to follow-up; there was a 70% clinical success rate after one month (32 buttonholes). In the five buttonholes with “sharp-recanalization,” there was only one clinical success with p < 0.05 for difference in success rate compared to “blunt-recanalization” at both one week and one month. There was one complication from “sharp-recanalization” requiring abandonment of the buttonhole tract. Discussion: Buttonhole tract dilation is a useful method to treat difficult cannulation and painful cannulation and has the potential to extend the life of failing buttonholes.
Accelerated Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Versus Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Stage I Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer—A Single Institution Experience With Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Karasawa Katsuyuki , Hayakawa Sara , Machitori Yumiko , Shibata Yukiko , Ogawa Hiroaki , Ito Kei , Shimizuguchi Takuya , Kawamoto Terufumi , Nihei Keiji 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Although stereotactic body radiation therapy is one of the standard treatments for stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer, in the case of central tumors it carries the risk of severe adverse events for serial organs. Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy is considered a reasonable alternative to treat central tumors. We have been treating central tumors with accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy using a 75 Gy/25 fr/5 weeks regimen, and we compared the results with those of stereotactic body radiation therapy using 48 Gy/4 fr/1 week. Methods: Patients with central tumors and/or unfit for 1-hour fixation were candidates for accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy. Based on the proximity to the biologically effective dose at 10 Gy, above accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen was adopted. Results: From October 2003 to December 2010, 159 patients, who received either accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy (103 cases) or stereotactic body radiation therapy (56 cases), were included in the analysis. In the accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy group, 40 (39%) cases were central tumors, whereas all cases were peripheral tumors in the stereotactic body radiation therapy group. Overall 5-year local control and survival rates were 81.9% (95% confidence interval 73.6%-90.1%) and 46.5% (95% confidence interval 36.7%-56.2%), respectively for the accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy group, and 75.4% (95% confidence interval 63.0%-87.8%) and 44.6% (95% confidence interval 31.6%-57.7%), respectively for the stereotactic body radiation therapy group (n.s.). Among central tumors, ultracentral tumors (21 cases) and the remaining central tumors (19 cases) were similar in both local control and survival. On multivariate analysis, hazard ratios for accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy versus stereotactic body radiation therapy were <1 for both local control and survival. Pulmonary toxicity was similar in both groups. No serial organ toxicity was observed for central tumors. Conclusions: Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with a 75 Gy/25 fr/5 weeks regimen is promising in that it can obtain similar local control and survival results to stereotactic body radiation therapy, and it can control both central and peripheral tumors without any serial organ toxicities. Based on these results, prospective multicenter trials are worth conducting, especially for ultracentral tumors.
A study of outcomes in conservatively managed patients with large abdominal aortic aneurysms deemed unfit for surgical repair
Authors: Elmallah Ahmed , Elnagar Mohamed , Bambury Niamh , Ahmed Zeeshan , Dowdall Joseph , Mehigan Denis , Sheehan Stephen , Barry Mary 
Published: October 2018

Background The current advancement and increasing use of diagnostic imaging has led to increased detection of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Many of these patients are unfit for elective AAA surgery. Aim To investigate the outcome of conservative management of unfit patients with large AAA (>5.5 cm) who are turned down for elective surgical intervention. Patients and methods Between January 2006 and April 2017, 457 patients presented with AAA >5.5 cm. Seventy-six patients (M: F 54:22) were deemed unfit for elective repair. Mean age was 79.8 years (range 64–96). Mean AAA size was 60.22 mm (55–83). Results Forty-nine of the 76 patients (64%) had died by April 2017. Fifteen (19.7%) patients died directly because of their aneurysm rupture. A further 34 (44.7%) patients died from non-aneurysm-related causes. Conclusion Patients with large AAA deemed unfit for elective surgery have an overall poor prognosis and die mainly from other causes than AAA. Surgical intervention when rupture occurs results in poor survival.
Identifying Stress Landscapes in Boston Neighborhoods
Authors: Conyersm F. Garrett , Langevin Helene M , Badger Gary J , Mehta Darshan H 
Published: October 2018

Background Chronic stress plays a role in the development of health disparities. However, the relationship between neighborhood stressors and stress-related health problems and behaviors is unknown. In the city of Boston, Massachusetts, 3 neighborhoods, while within a 3 mile radius, have widely divergent life expectancies. This work aims to investigate and compare perceived neighborhood-level stressors, stress-related negative behaviors, and stress-related health problems in these neighborhoods. Methods Three hundred twenty-six participants were surveyed from the neighborhoods. Participants were asked to rate (1) 27 neighborhood stressors, (2) 16 stress-related negative behaviors, and (3) 13 stress-related health problems using a 1 to 5 Likert-type scale. Differences in responses between neighborhoods were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and χ2 tests. Results The highest neighborhood stressors overall were related to finance, unequal treatment, and unsafe bike/pedestrian access. The highest stress-related health problems were related to substance abuse and obesity, and the largest stress-related behaviors were related to poor diet, intolerance, and aggressive driving. There were significant differences across neighborhoods ( P < .05) for 18 of the 27 neighborhood stressors, 8 of the 10 stress-related health problems, and 12 of the 15 stress-related behaviors. Conclusions There is marked contrast in stress landscapes between the 3 neighborhoods in Boston despite their geographical proximity. This finding potentially serves as an explanation for the drastic differences in health outcomes, even though these neighborhoods are equidistant from academic medical centers. Strategies for improving the health of individuals should incorporate the unique stressors at the neighborhood level. Further research is needed to investigate how specifically neighborhood stressors influence the health of residents, thereby informing what policy interventions might be useful.
Vertebral Body Lavage Reduces Hemodynamic Response to Vertebral Body Augmentation With PMMA
Authors: Albers Christoph E. , Schott Philipp M. , Ahmad Sufian S. , Benneker Lorin M. , Nieuwkamp Nadine , Hoppe Sven 
Published: October 2018

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Objectives: To assess the effect of vertebral body lavage (VBL) on (1) systemic blood pressure, (2) heart rate, and (3) oxygen saturation following cement augmentation procedures for acute vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Methods: A total of 145 consecutive patients undergoing cement augmentation for acute VCF (mean age 74 ± 12 years, age range 42-96 years; 70% female; 475 levels treated) were allocated to the “lavage group” (n = 61 patients; VBL prior to cement application) and to the “control group” (n = 84 patients, no VBL). Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored immediately prior and 3 minutes after cement injection. Logistic regression analysis was performed with ΔMAP ≥10 mm Hg before and after cement injection as the dependent outcome variable and demographic, radiographic, and procedural factors as independent variables. Results: MAP decreased by mean 3 ± 7.3 mm Hg before and after cement injection in the “lavage group” and 9 ± 10.5 mmHg in the control group ( P < .001). There were no significant differences in terms of heart rate and oxygen saturation before and after cement application within each group, or between the 2 groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed VBL as an independent factor influencing MAP (adjusted odds ratio: 3.49 [confidence interval, 1.16-10.50], P = .03). Conclusion: VBL prior to cement augmentation procedures reduces the hemodynamic response, most likely resulting from decreased amounts of bone marrow substance displaced into the circulation thereby decreasing the risk of pulmonary fat embolism syndrome.
How the hummingbird wingbeat is tuned for efficient hovering
Authors: Ingersoll Rivers , Lentink David 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBoth hummingbirds and insects flap their wings to hover. Some insects, like fruit flies, improve efficiency by lifting their body weight equally over the upstroke and downstroke, while utilizing elastic recoil during stroke reversal. It is unclear whether hummingbirds converged on a similar elastic storage solution, because of asymmetries in their lift generation and specialized flight muscle apparatus. The muscles are activated a quarter of a stroke earlier than in larger birds, and contract superfast, which cannot be explained by previous stroke-averaged analyses. We measured the aerodynamic force and kinematics of Anna's hummingbirds to resolve wing torque and power within the wingbeat. Comparing these wingbeat-resolved aerodynamic weight support measurements with those of fruit flies, hawk moths and a generalist bird, the parrotlet, we found that hummingbirds have about the same low induced power losses as the two insects, lower than that of the generalist bird in slow hovering flight. Previous analyses emphasized how bird flight muscles have to overcome wing drag midstroke. We found that high wing inertia revises this for hummingbirds – the pectoralis has to coordinate upstroke to downstroke reversal while the supracoracoideus coordinates downstroke to upstroke reversal. Our mechanistic analysis aligns with all previous muscle recordings and shows how early activation helps furnish elastic recoil through stroke reversal to stay within the physiological limits of muscles. Our findings thus support Weis-Fogh's hypothesis that flies and hummingbirds have converged on a mechanically efficient wingbeat to meet the high energetic demands of hovering flight. These insights can help improve the efficiency of flapping robots.
Design of Silver-Based Controlled Nanostructures for Plasmonic Catalysis under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Verma Priyanka , Kuwahara Yasutaka , Mori Kohsuke , Yamashita Hiromi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Recent years have marked substantial research interest in the design and development of photocatalyst materials for the conversion of solar to chemical energy. In this brief account, we present some of the recent research on silver-based plasmonic nanocatalysts supported on silica for their preparative techniques, characterization and efficient catalysis under visible light irradiation conditions. Ag nanoparticles (NPs) which can be prepared with different color and morphology, are explored for possible enhancement effects in catalytic performance activities under visible light irradiation. A number of combinations of Ag with other catalytically active metal NPs is studied for exploring the plasmonic enhancement activities. Ag NPs combined with single site Ti-oxide moiety is studied for the enhanced hydrogen production activity attributing to the Ag plasmonic effect under UV-vis light irradiation. The account is further elaborated by citing some recently reported works, plausible mechanism of enhancements, conclusions and outlook. We expect that the present account will provide insights into the design and investigation of catalytic performances in the visible light driven plasmon-mediated chemical reactions.
Layered Titanates (Na2Ti3O7 and Cs2Ti5O11) as Very High Capacity Adsorbents of Cadmium(II)
Authors: Sirinakorn Thipwipa (Tip) , Bureekaew Sareeya , Ogawa Makoto 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A layered cesium titanate (Cs2Ti5O11) and a layered sodium titanate (Na2Ti3O7) were used to concentrate Cd(II) ion from aqueous solution. The reaction of aqueous solutions of cadmium(II) acetate with the cesium titanate was examined at room temperature under varied pH. An H type adsorption isotherm was obtained, indicating strong interactions between Cd(II) and the titanate. For the reaction of the sodium titanate with aqueous solutions of cadmium(II) acetate, the formation of cadmium carbonate was observed in addition to the ion exchange of Na2Ti3O7 with Cd(II). The maximum amounts of the collected Cd(II) were 1.28 mmol/g Cs2Ti5O11 and 1.16 mmol/g Na2Ti3O7, which were superior to the values (0.08–0.39 mmol/g adsorbent) reported for other inorganic ion exchangers such as clay minerals and zeolites.
The Implementation and Outcomes of Exercise Is Medicine on Campus
Authors: Wilson Oliver William Albert , Bhuiyan Nishat , Papalia Zack , Bopp Melissa 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Widespread implementation of Exercise Is Medicine® on Campus (EIM-OC) has the potential to address college student physical inactivity; however, limited research has comprehensively assessed how EIM-OC is operationalized at campuses.

Purpose
This study aimed to assess EIM-OC implementation and outcomes at various academic institutions.

Methods
A survey was developed in consultation with key EIM-OC stakeholders and administered online among EIM-OC representatives. Data collected included institutional information; promotion, education, and healthcare system integration; partnerships; challenges; and goals. Descriptive statistics were used to explore institution characteristics and other variables. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify the dominant themes and subthemes in qualitative data collected from open-ended questions.

Results
Forty-one responses were received from a diverse group of academic institutions ranging in size (<10,000 to >50,000 students) and type (public and private). Campus recreation departments, campus health providers, and student organizations/clubs emerged as the most important partners. Student involvement was critical to the success of many EIM-OC programs, with students involved in a range of roles from promotion (n = 20), leadership/organization/planning (n = 18), education (n = 16), implementation (n = 14), and data collection (n = 10). Implementing the physical activity vital sign emerged as a common challenge, with many institutions having no protocol in place for arranging a follow-up between students and physical fitness professionals after referral acceptances, and no protocol existing for referral declinations. Finally, social media was underused, with no social media platforms used by over a third of programs.

Conclusion
EIM-OC programs at various institutions experienced similar challenges. This research will serve to inform and improve on the implementation and outcomes of EIM-OC programs and ultimately contribute to helping academic institutions increase the physical activity of students and their local communities.
Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis Induction of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Susanti Idha , Suharsono Suharsono , Widyastuti Utut , Siregar Ulfah Juniarti , Tjahjoleksono Aris 
Published: October 2018

The embryogenesis (SE) has important role for genetic engineering of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). However, the success of SE induction depend on plant growth regulator s (PGR)s and treatment enriched in induction media. This experiment tried to induce callus formation of cassava from several in vitro explants: immature leaf, apical bud, and internode; and to develop somatic embryogenesis of cassava in several media enriched with tyrosine and copper sulphate (CuSO4) added into media enrich with picloram as treatment. Different response of explants source to callus induction treatment from those three varieties in callus induction as well as friable callus formation were found in this experiment. The best medium to induce varied with variety; MS media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 0.5 mg/L CuSO4 was the best for “Adira 4” and half MS and half GD media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 100 mg/L tyrosine for “Malang 6”. All treatments resulted somatic embryo which developed indirectly and in morphologically normal somatic embryos
PL-005 Effects of Strength-endurance training on muscle damage after tennis competition
Authors: Okmen Mehmet Serif , Polat Metin 
Published: October 2018

Objective The present study aimed to identify the level of muscle damage that develops after a tennis match, and to investigate the potential effects of eight weeks of strength-endurance training on the level of this muscle damage.
Methods The study included 30 male tennis players aged 18 years and above who had been actively playing tennis matches at least for five years, and who voluntarily agreed to take part in the study. The participants were classified into two groups, consisting of 15 experimental subjects and 15 controls. To begin with, all of the participants played tennis matches for three hours according to the international rules of the game, and partners were changed every one hour. In order to determine the level of muscle damage after the tennis match, the blood levels of Creatinine Kinase (CK), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Aminotransferase (ALT) and Myoglobin were measured prior to the matches, and immediately, 24 hours, and 48 hours after the completion of the match. Afterwards, the participants in both groups engaged in eight weeks of tennis training three days a week for 90 minutes per day. The participants in the experimental group additionally carried out eight weeks of strength-endurance training three days a week for 90 minutes per day. The abovementioned measurements were repeated in both groups at the end of the eighth week.
Results The CK values of the experimental and control groups, which were measured simultaneously before the training programs, were not significantly different, while after the eight-week training program, the CK values measured immediately after the match (<0.001) and 48 hours (p<0.05) after the match were significantly lower in the experimental group when compared to the control group. LDH values, which were simultaneously measured prior to the training programs, were also not significantly different between the experimental and control groups, while those measured immediately after the match (p<0.05) and 24 hours (p<0.05) after the match were significantly lower in the experimental group when compared to the control group after the training program. The ALT and myoglobin levels, which were measured simultaneously in both groups after the training program also slightly decreased, but the difference between two groups was not statistically significant.
Conclusions The results of the present study demonstrate that strength-endurance training, carried out in addition to an eight-week regular tennis training program, resulted in a significant decrease in markers of muscle damage after a tennis match played for the same duration at the same intensity.