bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do different generations contribute to the development of a learning organization in companies undergoing a lean production implementation?
Authors: Tortorella Guilherme , Nascimento Daniel , Caiado Rodrigo , Arrieta Posada Juan Gregorio , Sawhney Rapinder 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of practitioners’ generational differences on the development of a learning organization (LO) in companies undergoing a lean production (LP) implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors gathered information from 135 leaders from different manufacturers that have been implementing LP and analyzed the data set through multivariate data techniques.

Findings
The results indicate the practitioners from Generations X, Y and Z contribute differently to LO capabilities even if their companies present similar maturities in terms of LP implementation.

Originality/value
Understanding how generational differences interact with LP implementation to allow an extensive development of an LO is fundamental for companies, as values, beliefs and working characteristics of the upcoming generations may significantly influence the effectiveness of current management approaches and firms’ competitiveness.
What makes a good handover in a care home for older people?
Authors: Moriarty Jo , Norrie Caroline , Manthorpe Jill , Lipman Valerie , Elaswarapu Rekha 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the content, purpose and effectiveness of the handover of information between care home staff beginning and completing a shift.

Design/methodology/approach
This was an exploratory study drawing on ethnographic methods. A total of 27 interviews with a range of care home staff, including managers, registered nurses, senior care workers and care workers were undertaken in five care homes selected to give a good contrast in terms of size, ownership, shift patterns and type of handover.

Findings
Most handovers were short – lasting 15 min or so – and were held in the office or secluded area in which staff could talk privately. They lasted longer in one home in which the incoming and outgoing shifts physically visited each resident’s room and the communal spaces. Staff felt that handovers were important for the efficient running of the home as well as to alert everyone to changes in a resident’s health or important events, such as a hospital appointment. In one home, handheld devices enabled staff to follow a resident’s care plan and update what was happening in real time.

Research limitations/implications
This was a small scale study based on data from a limited number of care homes.

Practical implications
The increasing popularity of 12 h shifts means that many homes only hold two short handovers early in the morning and in the evening when the night staff arrive. There appears to be a trend to reduce the number of staff paid to attend handover. Despite this, handovers remain an important component of the routine of a care home. The information contained in handover relates to the running of the care home, as well as residents’ wellbeing, suggesting that, while their content overlaps with written records in the home, they are not superfluous.

Originality/value
Although the literature on handovers in hospitals is extensive, this appears to be the first published study of handover practices in care homes.
Mechanisms underlying the effect of an oral antihyperglycaemic agent glyburide on calcium ion (Ca2+) movement and its related cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Sun Gwo‐Ching , Liang Wei‐Zhe , Jan Chung‐Ren 
Published: September 2019

SummaryGlyburide is an agent commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes and also affects various physiological responses in different models. However, the effect of glyburide on Ca2+ movement and its related cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells is unclear. This study examined whether glyburide altered Ca2+ signalling and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells and investigated those underlying mechanisms. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in suspended cells were measured by using the fluorescent Ca2+‐sensitive dye fura‐2. Cell viability was examined by WST‐1 assay. Glyburide at concentrations of 100–1000 μM induced [Ca2+]i rises. Ca2+ removal reduced the signal by approximately 60%. In Ca2+‐containing medium, glyburide‐induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by 60% by protein kinase C (PKC) activator (phorbol 12‐myristate 13 acetate, PMA) and inhibitor (GF109203X), and modulators of store‐operated Ca2+ channels (nifedipine, econazole and SKF96365). Furthermore, glyburide induced Mn2+ influx suggesting of Ca2+ entry. In Ca2+‐free medium, inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U73122 significantly inhibited glyburide‐induced [Ca2+]i rises. Treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ pump inhibitor 2,5‐di‐tert‐butylhydroquinone (BHQ) abolished glyburide‐evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Conversely, treatment with glyburide abolished BHQ‐evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Glyburide at 100–500 μM decreased cell viability, which was not reversed by pretreatment with the Ca2+ chelator 1,2‐bis(2‐aminophenoxy)ethane‐N,N,N’,N’‐tetraacetic acid‐acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM). Together, in PC3 cells, glyburide induced [Ca2+]i rises by Ca2+ entry via PKC‐sensitive store‐operated Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ release from the ER in a PLC‐dependent manner. Glyburide also caused Ca2+‐independent cell death. This study suggests that glyburide could serve as a potential agent for treatment of prostate cancer.
Association of the eukaryotic vaginal virome with prophylactic antibiotic exposure and reproductive outcomes in a subfertile population undergoing in vitro fertilisation: a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Eskew AM , Stout MJ , Bedrick BS , Riley JK , Omurtag KR , Jimenez PT , Odem RR , Ratts VS , Keller SL , Jungheim ES , Wylie KM 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to use high‐throughput sequencing to describe the vaginal eukaryotic DNA virome in patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to examine associations between the vaginal virome, antibiotic exposure and IVF outcomes.DesignProspective exploratory study.SettingSingle academic fertility centre.PopulationSubfertile women age 18–43 years undergoing their first IVF cycle with a fresh embryo transfer.MethodsThe primary exposure was prophylactic azithromycin or no azithromycin before IVF. A mid‐vaginal swab was obtained at the time of embryo transfer for virome analysis.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes compared between exposure groups were characteristics of vaginal virome and clinical pregnancy rates. Secondary outcomes were virome associations with number of oocytes retrieved, number of blastocysts and implantation rate.ResultsTwenty‐six women contributed a vaginal swab before embryo transfer. There were no significant differences in IVF outcomes between azithromycin groups. There was no association between viral diversity and clinical pregnancy overall. A higher diversity of herpesviruses and α‐papillomaviruses was observed in samples from the azithromycin‐treated group compared with the no azithromycin group (P = 0.04). In women that received azithromycin, viral diversity was higher in the group that did not achieve clinical pregnancy compared with those who did (P = 0.06).ConclusionsWe demonstrate that the vaginal eukaryotic virome in women undergoing IVF is associated with antibiotic exposure. Additionally, we demonstrate an inverse trend between viral diversity and pregnancy, with a higher number of viruses detected associated with failure to achieve clinical pregnancy in the azithromycin group.Tweetable abstractHigher viral diversity is associated with prophylactic antibiotic exposure in subfertile women undergoing IVF.
The general odorant receptor GmolOR9 from Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is mainly tuned to eight host‐plant volatiles
Authors: Chen Li‐Hui , Tian Ke , Wang Gui‐Rong , Xu Xiang‐Li , He Ke‐Hang , Liu Wei , Wu Jun‐Xiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGrapholita molesta is one of the most destructive fruit pests distributed worldwide. Odorant receptors (ORs) located on the dendritic membrane of chemosensory neurons are deemed to be key molecules for sensing exogenous chemical signals. In this study, GmolOR9, a general OR from G. molesta, was functionally characterized. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed that GmolOR9 was more highly expressed in adults than in other stages, including eggs, larvae, and pupae. GmolOR9 expression was highly significantly more in the antennae of females than in those of males, and the highest level occurred in the antennae of 3‐day‐old female adults. GmolOR9 was broadly tuned to eight of 47 odorant components tested, including (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, butyl propionate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl heptanoate, 1‐hexanol, (Z)‐3‐hexenol, 2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol, and linalool, by in vitro heterologous expression. Furthermore, electroantennogram responses indicated that the effects of dsOR9‐injected females to (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate dramatically decreased. These results suggested that GmolOR9 might be involved in detecting host‐plant volatiles. Moreover, (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate might serve as a potential attractant for the biological control of G. molesta.
Termites and Chinese agricultural system: applications and advances in integrated termite management and chemical control
Authors: Ahmad Farhan , Fouad Hatem , Liang Shi‐You , Hu Yin , Mo Jian‐Chu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTermites are eusocial arthropod decomposers, and improve soil fertility, crop yield, and also are used by humans for their benefits across the world. However, some species of termites are becoming a threat to the farming community as they are directly and indirectly causing major losses to the agricultural system. It is estimated that termites cost the global economy more than 40 billion USD annually, and considerable research has been done on their management. In this review, we present the available information related to sustainable and integrated termite management practices (ITM). Furthermore, we insist that the better management of this menace can be possible through: (i) improving traditional methods to keep termites away from crops; (ii) improving agricultural practices to maintain plants with more vigor and less susceptible to termite attack; and (iii) integration of available techniques to reduce termite infestation in crops and surroundings. The application of an effective combination of traditional practices with recently developed approaches is the best option for agricultural growers. Moreover, keeping in mind the beneficial nature of this pest, more innovative efforts for its management, particularly using rapidly emerging technology (e.g., RNA interference), are needed.
Protective Effect of Selenium‐Enriched Red Radish Sprouts on Carbon Tetrachloride‐Induced Liver Injury in Mice
Authors: Jia Li , Wang Tao , Sun Yuanyuan , Zhang Miaoran , Tian Jiyuan , Chen Hui , Shen Zhenguo , Khan Abro Hashmat , Su Nana , Cui Jin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of Se (Selenium) treatment on nutritional quality in radish sprouts. The results showed that 15 µM sodium selenite significantly increased phenolics compounds, flavonoids compounds, anthocyanins, and some essential amino acid content, while improving the total antioxidant capacity of radish sprouts. Besides, the Se‐enriched radish sprouts significantly alleviated the liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice and improved the antioxidant capacity of the liver in mice, whereas the Se‐enriched radish sprouts alleviated the inflammatory reaction and apoptosis caused by CCl4. These results imply that Se‐enriched radish sprouts have a positive impact on mice with CCl4‐induced liver injury, and that in future Se‐enriched radish sprouts could be developed into an effective food and health care product for the liver injury prevention.Practical ApplicationBecause selenium is an essential trace element in the human body, selenium‐enriched sprouts can help eliminate free radicals in the body, relieve aging, and selenium‐deficient diseases. They are easy to grow and have low costs. Hence, selenium‐enriched sprouts have a great potential of being widely consumed.
Combining multiple data sources in species distribution models while accounting for spatial dependence and overfitting with combined penalized likelihood maximization
Authors: Renner Ian W. , Louvrier Julie , Gimenez Olivier 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

The increase in availability of species datasets means that approaches to species distribution modelling that incorporate multiple datasets are in greater demand. Recent methodological developments in this area have led to combined likelihood approaches, in which a log‐likelihood comprised of the sum of the log‐likelihood components of each data source is maximized. Often, these approaches make use of at least one presence‐only dataset and use the log‐likelihood of an inhomogeneous Poisson point process model in the combined likelihood construction. While these advancements have been shown to improve predictive performance, they do not currently address challenges in presence‐only modelling such as checking and correcting for violations of the independence assumption of a Poisson point process model or more general challenges in species distribution modelling such as overfitting.

In this paper, we present an extension of the combined likelihood framework which accommodates alternative presence‐only likelihoods in the presence of spatial dependence as well as lasso‐type penalties to account for potential overfitting. We compare the proposed combined penalized likelihood approach to the standard combined likelihood approach via simulation and apply the method to modelling the distribution of the Eurasian lynx in the Jura Mountains in eastern France.

The simulations show that the proposed combined penalized likelihood approach has better predictive performance than the standard approach when spatial dependence is present in the data. The lynx analysis shows that the predicted maps vary significantly between the model fitted with the proposed combined penalized approach accounting for spatial dependence and the model fitted with the standard combined likelihood.

This work highlights the benefits of careful consideration of the presence‐only components of the combined likelihood formulation, and allows greater flexibility and ability to accommodate real datasets.
Dispersal behaviour of African wild dogs in Kenya
Authors: Woodroffe Rosie , Rabaiotti Daniella , Ngatia Dedan K. , Smallwood Thomas R. C. , Strebel Stefanie , O'Neill Helen M. K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDispersal behaviour plays a key role in social organisation, demography and population genetics. We describe dispersal behaviour in a population of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Kenya. Almost all individuals, of both sexes, left their natal packs, with 45 of 46 reproductively active “alpha” individuals acquiring their status through dispersal. Dispersal age, group size and distance did not differ between males and females. However, only females embarked on secondary dispersal, probably reflecting stronger reproductive competition among females than males. When dispersing, GPS‐collared wild dogs travelled further than when resident, both in daylight and by night, following routes an order of magnitude longer than the straight‐line distance covered. Dispersers experienced a daily mortality risk three times that experienced by adults in resident packs. The detailed movement data provided by GPS‐collars helped to reconcile differences between dispersal patterns reported previously from other wild dog populations. However, the dispersal patterns observed at this and other sites contrast with those assumed in published demographic models for this endangered species. Given the central role of dispersal in demography, models of wild dog population dynamics need to be updated to account for improved understanding of dispersal processes.
Pro‐inflammatory immune cell gene expression during the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with shorter gestational length and lower birthweight
Authors: Ross Kharah M. , Carroll Judith E. , Dunkel Schetter Christine , Hobel Calvin , Cole Steve W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProblemAltered maternal immune function predicts risk for shorter gestation and low birthweight. Few studies examine associations between prenatal immune cell gene expression and gestational length or birthweight. No studies examine which cell types drive associations. The purpose of this study is to explore associations between peripheral blood immune cell gene expression and gestational length and birthweight, using transcript origin analysis.Method of studyEighty‐nine women were drawn from the Community Child Health Network cohort. Third trimester maternal dried blood spots were used for genome‐wide transcriptional (mRNA) profiling. Gestational length and birthweight were obtained from medical charts. Covariates were age, race/ethnicity, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, smoking, gestational age at blood sampling, and pregnancy infections. Associations between gene expression profiles and gestational length and birthweight were tested using general linear models. The Transcription Element Listening System (TELiS) bioinformatics analysis quantified upstream transcription factor activity. Transcript origin analysis identified leukocyte subsets mediating observed effects.ResultsShorter gestation was predicted by increased NF‐kB (TFBM ratio = −0.582 ± 0.172, P < .001) and monocyte activity (diagnosticity score = 0.172 ± 0.054, P < .001). Longer gestation was associated with increased dendritic cell activity (diagnosticity score = 0.194 ± 0.039, P < .001). Increased AP‐1 activity predicted lower birthweight (TFBM ratio = −0.240 ± 0.111, P = .031). Dendritic cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells predicted birthweight‐related gene expression differences (diagnosticity score P's < 0.021).ConclusionHigher third trimester pro‐inflammatory gene expression predicted shorter gestation and lower birthweight. Variations in monocyte and dendritic cell biology contributed to both effects, and T‐cell biology contributed to higher birthweight. These analyses clarify the role of myeloid/lymphoid lineage immune regulation in pregnancy outcomes.
Testing the efficacy of kitasamycin for use in the control and treatment of swine dysentery in experimentally infected pigs
Authors: La T , Phillips ND , Dunlop H , Lugsomya K , Coiacetto F , Hampson DJ 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSwine dysentery (SD) caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is an important disease in Australia.AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the macrolide antibiotic kitasamycin for use in SD control.MethodsThe minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of kitasamycin, tylosin and lincomycin for 32 Australian isolates of B. hyodysenteriae were evaluated. Mutations in the 23S rRNA gene were examined. Isolate ‘13’ with a low kitasamycin MIC was used to challenge weaner pigs. Sixty pigs were housed in 20 pens each containing three pigs: pigs in four pens received 2 kg/tonne of a product containing kitasamycin (3.1% active) prophylactically in their food starting 4 days before B. hyodysenteriae challenge (group 1); pigs in four pens were challenged and received the same dose therapeutically once one pig in a pen showed diarrhoea (group 2); four pens were challenged and received 4 kg/tonne of the product therapeutically (group 3); four pens were challenged but not medicated (group 4); two pens were unmedicated and unchallenged (group 5) and two pens received 2 kg/tonne and were unchallenged (group 6). Pigs were monitored for B. hyodysenteriae excretion and disease.ResultsMacrolide resistance was widespread, and mutations in the 23S rRNA gene were identified in 23 isolates. Four isolates with kitasamycin MICs < 5 μg/mL were considered susceptible. Following experimental challenge, 10 of 12 unmedicated pigs developed SD. No pigs receiving kitasamycin prophylactical or therapeutically developed SD. Medicated pigs shed low numbers of B. hyodysenteriae in their faeces.ConclusionsKitasamycin can help control SD in pigs infected with susceptible isolates of B. hyodysenteriae.
Tissue changes at implant sites in the anterior maxilla with and without connective tissue grafting: A five‐year prospective study
Authors: Hosseini Mandana , Worsaae Nils , Gotfredsen Klaus 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the biological and aesthetic outcome of connective tissue grafting around single‐tooth implant replacements in the anterior maxilla after five years.Materials and methodsNineteen patients (mean age: 22) received 33 implants in combination with bone grafts. After healing, 10 implant sites received facial connective tissue grafts harvested from the palate (test group). The remaining 23 implant sites without soft tissue grafts were used as a control group. The biological outcomes included survival rate, complications, marginal bone level, keratinized mucosa height and soft tissue level. The aesthetic outcomes included soft tissue thickness, spectrophotometric colour of mucosa, 3D facial dimensional changes and professional reported aesthetic outcomes. All data were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively after six months and one, three and five years.ResultsAfter five years, the survival and success rate of implants was 100% and 93.9% (one aesthetic and one biological complication). The soft tissue level changed significantly more towards the incisal direction in the test than in the control group from one to five years of observation (p = .024). The facial dimension increased significantly more in the test group than in the control group (3 mm marginally: p = .010). The subjective evaluation of mucosa colour was significantly better in the test versus control group (p = .035). Other biological and aesthetic parameters were not significantly different between the test and control group.ConclusionAugmentation using a connective tissue graft may result in better mucosal colour match and more facial dimensional gain compared to implant sites without soft tissue grafting.
Conservation risk of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans to endemic lungless salamanders
Authors: Carter Edward Davis , Miller Debra L. , Peterson Anna C. , Sutton William B. , Cusaac Joseph Patrick W. , Spatz Jennifer A. , Rollins‐Smith Louise , Reinert Laura , Bohanon Markese , Williams Lori A. , Upchurch Andrea , Gray Matthew J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe emerging fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), is a significant conservation threat to salamander biodiversity in Europe, although its potential to affect North American species is poorly understood. We tested the susceptibility of two genera (Eurycea and Pseudotriton) and three populations of lungless salamanders (Plethodontidae) to Bsal. All species became infected with Bsal and two (Pseudotriton ruber and Eurycea wilderae) developed chytridiomycosis. We also documented that susceptibility of E. wilderae differed among populations. Regardless of susceptibility, all species reduced feeding when exposed to Bsal at the highest zoospore dose, and P. ruber and one population of E. wilderae used cover objects less. Our results indicate that Bsal invasion in eastern North America could have significant negative impacts on endemic lungless salamander populations. Future conservation efforts should include surveillance for Bsal in the wild and in captivity, and championing legislation that requires and subsidizes pathogen‐free trade of amphibians.