bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppressant use and hospitalisations in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus admitted to a tertiary academic medical centre
Authors: Anastasiou Christine , Dulai Olivia , Baskaran Amrutha , Proudfoot James , Verhaegen Samuel , Kalunian Kenneth 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesTo describe how immunosuppressant use and hospitalisation patterns for SLE have evolved by comparing admission statistics at one academic centre between 2005 and 2013.MethodsWe identified admissions for SLE and for all hospitalised patients by using the hospital electronic database. For adult patients with SLE, a comprehensive chart review was conducted to identify primary indications for hospitalisation, in-hospital mortality, mean length of stay and immunosuppressant use.ResultsThe number of yearly SLE patient hospitalisations decreased from 178 to 86 between the two times of observation. Infection was the most common reason for hospitalisation accounting for 39.9% of hospitalisations in 2005 versus 31.4% of hospitalisations in 2013 (p=0.29). Lupus flare accounted for 9.6% of admissions in 2005 versus 8.1% of admissions in 2013 (p=0.72). Seven patients died during their hospitalisation (3.9% of admissions) in 2005 as opposed to no inpatient deaths in 2013. Of the 261 admissions between 2010 and 2013, six admissions resulted in death (2.3% of admissions). SLE patient mean length of hospital stay decreased from 7.6 days to 6.4 days (p=0.36) compared with all patient length of stay, which decreased from 6 days to 5.8 days. Corticosteroid use decreased (79.8% to 61.6%, p=0.11) while hydroxychloroquine (27.0% to 59.3%, p<0.001) use increased over time.ConclusionsThe number of hospitalisations, mortality and length of stay among hospitalised patients with SLE decreased over time. Infection was the primary reason for inpatient hospitalisation. Hydroxychloroquine use more than doubled over this same time period with statistical significance. These pilot data suggest improvements in SLE hospitalisation outcomes over time, but larger studies are needed to examine these trends and to understand the relationship between changing medication prescribing patterns and hospitalisation outcomes in patients with SLE.
Isovector plus isoscalar neutron–proton pairing effect on nuclear statistical quantities using a path integral approach
Authors: Mokhtari D. , Allal N. H. , Fellah M. 
Published: June 2018

Gap equations at finite temperature are established in the isovector plus isoscalar pairing case [Formula: see text] using a path integral approach. Expressions of the various statistical quantities, i.e., the energy, the entropy and the heat capacity are then deduced. It is shown that they do generalize the ones obtained in the pure isovector ([Formula: see text]) pairing case, as well as those obtained within the conventional finite temperature Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (FTBCS) theory in the pairing between like-particles case. A numerical study is then performed using the schematic one-level model. It is shown that the isoscalar n–p gap parameter [Formula: see text] behaves as a function of the temperature, like its homologues [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the conventional FTBCS approach. As for the three other gap parameters, i.e., [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], their behaviors are clearly modified when the isoscalar pairing is taken into account. In particular, one observes a shift of the values of the critical temperatures. Dealing with the statistical quantities, the inclusion of the isoscalar pairing, in addition to the isovector one, leads to a lowering of the energy as well as a change of the shapes of the curves of the energy, the entropy and the heat capacity as a function of the temperature.
BUbiNG
Authors: Boldi Paolo , Marino Andrea , Santini Massimo , Vigna Sebastiano 
Published: June 2018

Although web crawlers have been around for twenty years by now, there is virtually no freely available, open-source crawling software that guarantees high throughput, overcomes the limits of single-machine systems, and, at the same time, scales linearly with the amount of resources available. This article aims at filling this gap, through the description of BUbiNG, our next-generation web crawler built upon the authors’ experience with UbiCrawler [9] and on the last ten years of research on the topic. BUbiNG is an open-source Java fully distributed crawler; a single BUbiNG agent, using sizeable hardware, can crawl several thousand pages per second respecting strict politeness constraints, both host- and IP-based. Unlike existing open-source distributed crawlers that rely on batch techniques (like MapReduce), BUbiNG job distribution is based on modern high-speed protocols to achieve very high throughput.
Identification of Clonal Hematopoiesis Mutations in Solid Tumor Patients Undergoing Unpaired Next-Generation Sequencing Assays
Authors: Coombs Catherine C. , Gillis Nancy K. , Tan Xianming , Berg Jonathan S. , Ball Markus , Balasis Maria E. , Montgomery Nathan D. , Bolton Kelly L. , Parker Joel S. , Mesa Tania E. , Yoder Sean J. , Hayward Michele C. , Patel Nirali M. , Richards Kristy L. , Walko Christine M. , Knepper Todd C. , Soper John T. , Weiss Jared , Grilley-Olson Juneko E. , Kim William Y. , Earp H. Shelton , Levine Ross L. , Papaemmanuil Elli , Zehir Ahmet , Hayes D. Neil , Padron Eric 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurpose:In this era of precision-based medicine, for optimal patient care, results reported from commercial next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays should adequately reflect the burden of somatic mutations in the tumor being sequenced. Here, we sought to determine the prevalence of clonal hematopoiesis leading to possible misattribution of tumor mutation calls on unpaired Foundation Medicine NGS assays.Experimental Design:This was a retrospective cohort study of individuals undergoing NGS of solid tumors from two large cancer centers. We identified and quantified mutations in genes known to be frequently altered in clonal hematopoiesis (DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, TP53, ATM, CHEK2, SF3B1, CBL, JAK2) that were returned to physicians on clinical Foundation Medicine reports. For a subset of patients, we explored the frequency of true clonal hematopoiesis by comparing mutations on Foundation Medicine reports with matched blood sequencing.Results:Mutations in genes that are frequently altered in clonal hematopoiesis were identified in 65% (1,139/1,757) of patients undergoing NGS. When excluding TP53, which is often mutated in solid tumors, these events were still seen in 35% (619/1,757) of patients. Utilizing paired blood specimens, we were able to confirm that 8% (18/226) of mutations reported in these genes were true clonal hematopoiesis events. The majority of DNMT3A mutations (64%, 7/11) and minority of TP53 mutations (4%, 2/50) were clonal hematopoiesis.Conclusions:Clonal hematopoiesis mutations are commonly reported on unpaired NGS testing. It is important to recognize clonal hematopoiesis as a possible cause of misattribution of mutation origin when applying NGS findings to a patient's care.See related commentary by Pollyea, p. 5790
Synthetic Lethal Strategy Identifies a Potent and Selective TTK and CLK1/2 Inhibitor for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with a Compromised G1–S Checkpoint
Authors: Zhu Dan , Xu Shuichan , Deyanat-Yazdi Gordafaried , Peng Sophie X. , Barnes Leo A. , Narla Rama Krishna , Tran Tam , Mikolon David , Ning Yuhong , Shi Tao , Jiang Ning , Raymon Heather K. , Riggs Jennifer R. , Boylan John F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Historically, phenotypic-based drug discovery has yielded a high percentage of novel drugs while uncovering new tumor biology. CC-671 was discovered using a phenotypic screen for compounds that preferentially induced apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines while sparing luminal breast cancer cell lines. Detailed in vitro kinase profiling shows CC-671 potently and selectively inhibits two kinases—TTK and CLK2. Cellular mechanism of action studies demonstrate that CC-671 potently inhibits the phosphorylation of KNL1 and SRp75, direct TTK and CLK2 substrates, respectively. Furthermore, CC-671 causes mitotic acceleration and modification of pre-mRNA splicing leading to apoptosis, consistent with cellular TTK and CLK inhibition. Correlative analysis of genomic and potency data against a large panel of breast cancer cell lines identifies breast cancer cells with a dysfunctional G1–S checkpoint as more sensitive to CC-671, suggesting synthetic lethality between G1–S checkpoint and TTK/CLK2 inhibition. Furthermore, significant in vivo CC-671 efficacy was demonstrated in two cell line–derived and one patient tumor-derived xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) following weekly dosing. These findings are the first to demonstrate the unique inhibitory combination activity of a dual TTK/CLK2 inhibitor that preferably kills TNBC cells and shows synthetic lethality with a compromised G1–S checkpoint in breast cancer cell lines. On the basis of these data, CC-671 was moved forward for clinical development as a potent and selective TTK/CLK2 inhibitor in a subset of patients with TNBC. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1727–38. ©2018 AACR.
Development of MGD007, a gpA33 x CD3-Bispecific DART Protein for T-Cell Immunotherapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Moore Paul A. , Shah Kalpana , Yang Yinhua , Alderson Ralph , Roberts Penny , Long Vatana , Liu Daorong , Li Jonathan C. , Burke Steve , Ciccarone Valentina , Li Hua , Fieger Claudia B. , Hooley Jeff , Easton Ann , Licea Monica , Gorlatov Sergey , King Kathy L. , Young Peter , Adami Arash , Loo Deryk , Chichili Gurunadh R. , Liu Liqin , Smith Douglas H. , Brown Jennifer G. , Chen Francine Z. , Koenig Scott , Mather Jennie , Bonvini Ezio , Johnson Syd 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe have developed MGD007 (anti-glycoprotein A33 x anti-CD3), a DART protein designed to redirect T cells to target gpA33 expressing colon cancer. The gpA33 target was selected on the basis of an antibody-based screen to identify cancer antigens universally expressed in both primary and metastatic colorectal cancer specimens, including putative cancer stem cell populations. MGD007 displays the anticipated-bispecific binding properties and mediates potent lysis of gpA33-positive cancer cell lines, including models of colorectal cancer stem cells, through recruitment of T cells. Xenograft studies showed tumor growth inhibition at doses as low as 4 μg/kg. Both CD8 and CD4 T cells mediated lysis of gpA33-expressing tumor cells, with activity accompanied by increases in granzyme and perforin. Notably, suppressive T-cell populations could also be leveraged to mediate lysis of gpA33-expressing tumor cells. Concomitant with CTL activity, both T-cell activation and expansion are observed in a gpA33-dependent manner. No cytokine activation was observed with human PBMC alone, consistent with the absence of gpA33 expression on peripheral blood cell populations. Following prolonged exposure to MGD007 and gpA33 positive tumor cells, T cells express PD-1 and LAG-3 and acquire a memory phenotype but retain ability to support potent cell killing. In cynomolgus monkeys, 4 weekly doses of 100 μg/kg were well tolerated, with prolonged PK consistent with that of an Fc-containing molecule. Taken together, MGD007 displays potent activity against colorectal cancer cells consistent with a mechanism of action endowed in its design and support further investigation of MGD007 as a potential novel therapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1761–72. ©2018 AACR.
Un registre carcéral de la Fusṭāṭ abbasside
Authors: Tillier Mathieu , Vanthieghem Naïm 
Published: June 2018

RésuméThis article presents the edition of three fragments of a prison register from
Fusṭāṭ, preserved in the Michaelides Collection of the
Cambridge University Library. They record the arrival of petitions from
prisoners, mainly imprisoned for debt, and mention their release. These excerpts
provide crucial information on the organization of prisons during the early
Abbasid period. They testify to the high frequency of imprisonment for debt, and
confirm that the prison system revolved around the qadi’s judgeship and
the police (shurṭa), which included an administrative
service where the petitions of the detainees were examined. These documents
allow therefore a better understanding of the process of incarceration and
release of debtors.
Effect of territory intruders on the perceived quality of territorial males in an endangered pupfish, Cyprinodon bovinus
Authors: Bloch Andrew N. , Al-Shaer Layla , Little Kimberly , Itzkowitz Murray 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Social eavesdropping can guide mate choice and the assessment of competitor quality. In the endangered Leon Springs pupfish (Cyprinodon bovinus), males establish breeding territories that they defend from conspecifics and heterospecific egg predators. Females enter the breeding area to assess males and spawn in their territories. It was hypothesized that male and female C. bovinus eavesdrop on social interactions within male territories to evaluate each territorial male’s ability to exclude intruders and attract potential mates. Using a repeated design, a bottle containing either a female C. bovinus, a non-territorial male C. bovinus, a swarm of G. nobilis, or water was placed at the centre of a male’s territory. Territorial males received more spawns and females spawned more frequently per visit when a female stimulus was present. These results suggest that females eavesdrop to inform their mating decisions, but this may be limited to the assessment of extra-pair females within territories.
Use of Armed Force against Suspected Foreign Submarines in the Swedish Internal Waters and Territorial Sea
Authors: Mahmoudi Said 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Sweden’s territorial sea and internal waters have experienced regular intrusions by submerged foreign submarines since the early 1950s. The response of the country to such intrusions is generally well-documented and mainly public. The present article offers an overview of the development of the relevant national legislation, the actual response of the naval forces, and the legal arguments invoked at national level to justify or dismiss use of force in self-defence or under another title. The article discusses the relevance of the immunity that submarines normally enjoy under international law and Sweden’s human-rights obligations, two issues that have been at the centre of the legal discourse. Particular attention is paid to developments since 2014 when a new round of “submarine hunts” started and led to the adoption of new measures both revising the existing laws and strengthening the defence forces.
An elephant in the room?
Authors: Hackett Diana 
Published: June 2018

Despite its recognised role in education, lifelong learning and active citizenship, the term information literacy (IL) is rarely used in the context of public libraries. At a time when public libraries are operating in an environment of financial austerity and are under increasing pressure to demonstrate the value of their role in UK society, this paper presents the findings of a small-scale research project examining the narratives surrounding public libraries and IL.
Through a qualitative text analysis, a picture is built up of the roles of public libraries as presented by government, professional organisations and charitable organisations. This analysis shows that IL is not a concept explicitly associated with public libraries; that the government’s focus is on public libraries’ role in delivering digital inclusion while at the same time depicting a largely passive role for libraries and diminished role for professional library staff; and that while current library advocacy supports this digital role, it does not effectively address the deeper need for transferrable information skills.
Based on this analysis, this paper recommends greater collaboration between academic research, higher education, and the public library sector, with a view to fostering a better understanding of IL and its potential to create a wider, more educationally-focussed role for public libraries and their staff.
The Transition from Downward to Upward Air–Sea Momentum Flux in Swell-Dominated Light Wind Conditions
Authors: Högström Ulf , Sahlée Erik , Smedman Ann-Sofi , Rutgersson Anna , Nilsson Erik , Kahma Kimmo K. , Drennan William M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Fifteen hours of consecutive swell data from the experiment Flux, État de la Mer, et Télédétection en Condition de Fetch Variable (FETCH) in the Mediterranean show a distinct upward momentum flux. The characteristics are shown to vary systematically with wind speed. A hysteresis effect is found for wave energy of the wind-sea waves when represented as a function of wind speed, displaying higher energy during decaying winds compared to increasing winds. For the FETCH measurements, the upward momentum transfer regime is found to begin for wind speeds lower than about U = 4 m s−1. For the lowest observed wind speeds U &lt; 2.4 m s−1, the water surface appears to be close to dynamically smooth. In this range almost all the upward momentum flux is accomplished by the peak in the cospectrum between the vertical and horizontal components of the wind velocity. It is demonstrated that this contribution in turn is linearly related to the swell significant wave height Hsd in the range 0.6 &lt; Hsd &lt; 1.4 m. For Hsd &lt; 0.6 m, the contribution is zero in the present dataset but may depend on the swell magnitude in other situations. It is speculated that the observed upward momentum flux in the smooth regime, which is so strongly related to the cospectral peak at the dominant swell frequency, might be caused by the recirculation mechanism found by Wen and Mobbs in their numerical simulation of laminar flow of a nonlinear progressive wave at low wind speed.
Decadal Variability of Great Lakes Ice Cover in Response to AMO and PDO, 1963–2017
Authors: Wang Jia , Kessler James , Bai Xuezhi , Clites Anne , Lofgren Brent , Assuncao Alexandre , Bratton John , Chu Philip , Leshkevich George 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, decadal variability of ice cover in the Great Lakes is investigated using historical airborne and satellite measurements from 1963 to 2017. It was found that Great Lakes ice cover has 1) a linear relationship with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), similar to the relationship of lake ice cover with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), but with stronger impact than NAO; 2) a quadratic relationship with the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), which is similar to the relationship of lake ice cover to Niño-3.4, but with opposite curvature; and 3) decadal variability with a positive (warming) trend in AMO contributes to the decreasing trend in lake ice cover. Composite analyses show that during the positive (negative) phase of AMO, the Great Lakes experience a warm (cold) anomaly in surface air temperature (SAT) and lake surface temperature (LST), leading to less (more) ice cover. During the positive (negative) phase of PDO, the Great Lakes experience a cold (warm) anomaly in SAT and LST, leading to more (less) ice cover. Based on these statistical relationships, the original multiple variable regression model established using the indices of NAO and Niño-3.4 only was improved by adding both AMO and PDO, as well as their interference (interacting or competing) mechanism. With the AMO and PDO added, the correlation between the model and observation increases to 0.69, compared to 0.48 using NAO and Niño-3.4 only. When November lake surface temperature was further added to the regression model, the prediction skill of the coming winter ice cover increased even more.
Impact of Assimilating Aircraft Reconnaissance Observations on Tropical Cyclone Initialization and Prediction Using Operational HWRF and GSI Ensemble–Variational Hybrid Data Assimilation
Authors: Tong Mingjing , Sippel Jason A. , Tallapragada Vijay , Liu Emily , Kieu Chanh , Kwon In-Hyuk , Wang Weiguo , Liu Qingfu , Ling Yangrong , Zhang Banglin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of assimilating high-resolution, inner-core reconnaissance observations on tropical cyclone initialization and prediction in the 2013 version of the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model. The 2013 HWRF data assimilation system is a GSI-based hybrid ensemble–variational system that, in this study, uses the Global Data Assimilation System ensemble to estimate flow-dependent background error covariance. Assimilation of inner-core observations improves track forecasts and reduces intensity error after 18–24 h. The positive impact on the intensity forecast is mainly found in weak storms, where inner-core assimilation produces more accurate tropical cyclone structures and reduces positive intensity bias. Despite such positive benefits, there is degradation in short-term intensity forecasts that is attributable to spindown of strong storms, which has also been seen in other studies. There are several reasons for the degradation of intense storms. First, a newly discovered interaction between model biases and the HWRF vortex initialization procedure causes the first-guess wind speed aloft to be too strong in the inner core. The problem worsens for the strongest storms, leading to a poor first-guess fit to observations. Though assimilation of reconnaissance observations results in analyses that better fit the observations, it also causes a negative intensity bias at the surface. In addition, the covariance provided by the NCEP global model is inaccurate for assimilating inner-core observations, and model physics biases result in a mismatch between simulated and observed structure. The model ultimately cannot maintain the analysis structure during the forecast, leading to spindown.
Human Superior Olivary Nucleus Neuron Populations in Subjects With Normal Hearing and Presbycusis
Authors: Christov Florian , Nelson Erik G. , Gluth Michael B. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Normative data on superior olivary nucleus neuron counts derived from human specimens are sparse, and little is known about their coherence with structure and function of the cochlea. The purpose of this study was to quantify the neuron populations of the divisions of the superior olivary nucleus in human subjects with normal hearing and presbycusis and investigate potential relationships between these findings and histopathology in the cochlea and hearing phenotype Methods: Histopathologic examination of temporal bone and brainstem specimens from 13 subjects having normal hearing or presbycusis was undertaken. The following was determined for each: number and density of superior olivary nucleus and cochlear nucleus neurons, inner and outer hair cell counts, spiral ganglion cell counts, and pure tone audiometry. Results: The results demonstrate a significant relationship between cells within structures of the cochlear nucleus and the number of neurons of the medial superior olivary nucleus. No relationship between superior olivary nucleus neuron counts/density and cochlear histopathology or hearing phenotype was encountered. Conclusion: Normative data for superior olivary nucleus neuron populations are further established in the data presented in this study that includes subjects with normal hearing and also presbycusis.