bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterisation of Cellulose Nanocrystal from Sugarcane Peels by XRD, SEM and CP/MAS 13C NMR
Authors: Vivian Abiaziem Chioma , Bassey Williams Akan , Ibijoke Inegbenebor Adedayo , Theresa Onwordi Chionyedua , Osereme Ehi-Eromosele Cyril , Felicia Petrik Leslie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sugarcane peels are agro-waste resources discarded before taking the sugarcane juice. In the present study, cellulose nanocrystal was isolated from sugarcane peel by sulphuric acid hydrolysis. Two pretreatments, alkaline treatment and bleaching with acidified sodium chlorite, were applied. Sulphuric acid hydrolysis was performed at 450C for 45 min using 64% concentrated sulphuric acid. The resulting cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) of the sugarcane peel was characterised by studying the surface morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was studied to identify the crystalline nature of the CNC. CP/MAS 13C solid-state NMR was used to evaluate the purity and molecular structure of the CNC. The SEM image of the nanocrystal showed that the bundles of fibre were separated into individual CNC, with the size decreasing to a nanosize indicating an effective removal of the amorphous region. XRD diffraction pattern showed that the CNC possessed the cellulose crystalline configuration with crystallinity index of 99.2% and crystallite particle size dimension of 5.56 nm. The NMR spectra of the CNC revealed that all the signals have six carbon atoms of cellulose and the disappearance of several signals also indicated the disruption of the amorphous region. The results revealed effective synthesis of CNC from sugarcane peel, suggesting the leaching of the amorphous domain, apparent crystallinity and purity of the CNC. The cellulose nanocrystal prepared is considered to be a potent material for various industrial applications.
Sustainable locally sourced materials for small-scale paint production
Authors: Afolabi A.O. , Odunola M. , Ogundipe K.E. , Ajao A.M. , Ogunbayo B.F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other unsafe chemicals are used in producing chemical paints which releaseharmful gases within the interior spaces where they have been used, whereas, these hazardous elements or components can be removed and replaced with safer and local materials. The aim of this study is to produce a paint product using sustainable locally sourced materials in a small-scale production. Using an experimental approach, a milk-based and clay-based paint were prepared in the laboratory, while physical and chemical tests were carried out such as adhesion test, application test, opacity, drying test, viscosity test and pH test. Clay, Edible starch, Local pigment (Lamp black and local talc), Dry milk and Lime were used as constituent materials in the preparation of the paint products with water as the solvent. Some of the physical and chemical tests carried fell within reasonable PMAN standards for chemical paints. The study recommendsthat more environmental friendly and sustainable materials should be used to replace hazardous materials used in chemical paints for safe environment.
CORROSION INHIBITION STUDY OF Cratevaadansonii PLANT EXTRACT ON MILD STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIA
Authors: Olanrewaju Aladesuyi , Christiana Oluwatoyin Ajanaku , Ayodeji Anwo , Ezinne Okoro , Kolawole Oluseyi Ajanaku 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA study on the inhibitive properties ofCratevaadansoniiplant extracts on mild steel in 1.75 M HCl was embarked upon in this research using gasometric and potentiodynamic polarization technique at room temperature. The mild steel coupons were immersed in blank of 1.75 M HCl and the procedure repeated for the various extract concentrations of 10% - 50% v/v. The amount of hydrogen gas evolved due to the reaction between acidic extract and the mild steel coupons were evaluated. The observed inhibition efficiency using gasometric method indicated a direct relationship with increase in concentration of the inhibitors up to 50% concentration for both extracts. A similar trend was observed in the Tafel plot using the polarization technique. The adsorption study revealed the use ofCratevaadansoniiextract obeyed the Freundlich isotherm which characterizes physisorption. The use ofCratevaadansoniiextractis hereby proposed a suitable inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in acidic media.
The Development and Challenges of Face Alignment Algorithms
Authors: Wang Congyi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A comprehensive survey of face alignment using different methods is presented in this paper. Face alignment is the fundamental task of facial applications, e.g., face recognition, 3D face modelling and face expression analysis, etc. State-of-the-art methods can be mainly categorized into the three groups: gradient descent-based, deep learning-based, and 3D model-based. In gradient descent-based methods, landmarks are localized and adjusted by solving a nonlinear regression function. Deep learning-based methods construct one or several cascaded neural networks to improve landmark localization accuracy. Beside the above two categories of methods solving problems on a 2D plane, there is also other category of methods like 3D model-based methods. Despite significant progress that has been made, face alignment faces challenges from real-world conditions: variation across poses, genders and ages, facial expressions, and facial attributes. This paper offers a brief illustration and analysis of several typical methods of face alignment, provides an overall understanding and insight into the field, which will motivate us to explore promising future directions.
Reconstructing spring sea ice concentration in the Chukchi Sea over recent centuries: insights into the application of the PIP25 index
Authors: Kim Jung-Hyun , Gal Jong-Ku , Jun Sang-Yoon , Smik Lukas , Kim Dahae , Belt Simon T , Park Kwangkyu , Shin Kyung-Hoon , Nam Seung-Il 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to reconstruct spring (April–June) sea ice changes in the western Arctic Ocean over recent centuries (ca. the last 250 years) by measuring biomarker distributions in a multicore (ARA01B-03MUC) retrieved from the Chukchi Shelf region and to evaluate outcomes against known or modelled estimates of sea ice conditions. Specifically, we analyzed for the Arctic sea ice proxy IP25 and assessed the suitability of a further highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid (HBI III), epi-brassicasterol, and dinosterol as complementary biomarkers for use with the so-called phytoplankton marker-IP25 index (PIP25; PIIIIP25, PBIP25, and PDIP25, respectively). The presence of IP25 throughout core ARA01B-03MUC confirms the occurrence of seasonal sea ice at the study site over recent centuries. From a semi-quantitative perspective, all three PIP25 indices gave different trends, with some dependence on the balance factor c, a term used in the calculation of the PIP25 index. PIIIIP25-derived spring sea ice concentration (SpSIC) estimates using a c value of 0.63, determined previously from analysis of Barents Sea surface sediments, were likely most reliable, since SpSIC values were high throughout the record (SpSIC > 78%), consistent with the modern context for the Chukchi Sea and the mean SpSIC record of the 41 CMIP5 climate models over recent centuries. PBIP25-based SpSIC estimates were also high (SpSIC 108%−127%), albeit somewhat over-estimated, when using a c value of 0.023 obtained from a pan-Arctic distribution of surface sediments. In contrast, PDIP25 values using a pan-Arctic c value of 0.11, and PIP25 data based on the mean biomarker concentrations from ARA01B-03MUC, largely underestimated sea ice conditions (SpSIC as low as 13%), and exhibited poor agreement with instrumental records or model outputs. On the other hand, PBIP25 values using a c factor based on mean IP25 and epi-brassicasterol concentrations exhibited a decline towards the core top, which resembled recent decreasing changes in summer sea ice conditions for the Chukchi Sea; however, further work is needed to test the broader spatial generality of this observation.
An insight on Surabaya development: pre colonials, colonial, post colonial and current era
Authors: Pamungkas A , Iranata D , Yuwono J , Jaelani L M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Surabaya is the second biggest metropolitan of Indonesia. Its rapid development has established from the northern part to the south. The city has transformed from an emerging industrial city into business and trading city. However, the city is also facing escalating risks and challenges. Therefore, a pressure of development becomes intense which requiring a more careful approach to achieve a desired future sustainable Surabaya. In responding to that, special concerns about making Surabaya more resilience especially to disasters, creating an effective waterfront development management for the city and designing Surabaya as a compact city are keys to a better Surabaya in the future.
Constructing Input-Output (I-O) models from less than perfect datasets: an economic impact analysis of garage construction project in Gresik, East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Irawan A , Satiawan P R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper demonstrates techniques to construct input-output (I-O) models to perform impact analysis under a situation of data limitation. Of policy makers’ main interests regarding project proposals is to have some idea on the economic impact of the projects. I-O based model is an useful analytical tool to do impact analysis. However, the I-O table from which the analysis is based on is often not available for the region of interest, in this case, Gresik, a municipal in East Java. This paper shows how to derive the I-O table for Gresik out of the East Java’s I-O table with four approaches, namely: 1) location quotient (LQ); 2) cross-industry location quotient (CIQ); 3) Flegg location quotient (FLQ); and 4) augmented Flegg location quotient (AFLQ). We suggest that these approaches are suitable for a situation facing time and cost constraints, which is a typical one in city/municipal-level policy domain.
The study of Larantuka urban infrastructure service level to accommodate the connectivity of surrounding islands
Authors: Gai A M , Endarwati M C , Lamapaha A R T O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Infrastructure is important and as a solution to the problem of high price disparity and the inequality in the percentage of GDP product value nationally, in particular, in the western and eastern regions of Indonesia which have been a challenge that needs to be overcome. East Flores regency is one of the islands in the Eastern Indonesia, precisely in East Nusa Tenggara with Larantuka as its capital. This area is facing problems related to low quality strategic infrastructure and inadequate regional transportation infrastructure. This study aims to assess urban infrastructure service level in Larantuka to accommodate the connectivity of surrounding islands. This study used Linkage, Integrate Rural Accessibility Planning, and Importance Performance Analysis as the methods. The results showed that there is a connection between road infrastructure and the port as well as airport. In addition, there is a connection between marine infrastructure (collection ports) and local feeder ports in the surrounding islands and a connection between spoke airport infrastructure (air) and the hub airport. The condition of urban infrastructure in Larantuka is considered “good,” with service level of; “less satisfactory” for land infrastructure and “somewhat satisfactory” for air and sea infrastructure.
Sustainable pedestrian ways in Central Business District of Tunjungan Surabaya: Can principles of new urbanism be applied?
Authors: Navastara A M , Mandasari V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pedestrian ways of Tunjungan which is known as Central Business District is an important accessibility element in Surabaya. According to Guidelines for the Provision and Utilization of Pedestrian Infrastructure and Facilities in Urban Area (2014), pedestrian ways is important component that should be provided for increasing effectiveness of citizen mobility in urban area. In general fact, pedestrian ways of Surabaya is in good condition. In 2007 Surabaya has received Wahana Tata Nugraha Award from The Ministry of Transportation. It has been avowed that pedestrian ways of Surabaya is first ranked of 20 cities in Indonesia (Detiknews, 2007). However pedestrian ways in Surabaya especially in Tunjungan district frequently misused (Kompas, 2010). That condition shows unmaximize use of pedestrian ways in this district. Objectives: This study will focus on LOS (Level of Service) to determine walkability in Tunjungan. Hereafter, value ranking of this LOS and what solution should be done will be confirmed to an expert. Finally, the concept of walkable city will be determined based on solution of LOS characteristic. Expected output in this study is alternative concept of sustainable pedestrian ways. It will be influenced by factors which are decided by some stakeholders. Finally, the concept of walkable city will be determined based on solution of LOS characteristic.
Multi Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) cardboard carrier using wireless communication
Authors: Putra B E , Arfianto A Z , Subiyanto L , Putra Z M A , Hasin M K , Utari D A , Rahmat M B , Hidayat D , Taali M , Lusiandri A Y , Ardhana V Y P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) to move cardboard from one place to another using modul communication method as communication medium between AGV. In previous agv usage agv operation is done automatically with human monitoring to allow agv to operate within its working area and no accident occurs between agv. In this study, the input signal value of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) method is used to control and regulate the alternate workspace. The test results show that the use of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) method can optimize AGV work with work orders that are run interchangeably when some agv go to the same point. Furthermore, Line Follower system can accelerate the operation of Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) on the determination of the operation path.
Analysis of air quality influenced by traffic density using web based geographic information system (Study case: Central Surabaya)
Authors: Sukojo B M , Zulfa M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Central Surabaya is a city center where there are a lot of shopping centre and office buildings which populate the street. High traffic rate increases air pollution caused by motor vehicle, thus resulting in bad air quality for health. Carbon emission that has the biggest effect is CO and CO2, which can amplify global warming rate. The process of air quality monitoring itself, however, lacks a lot of things, especially in keeping data log and information delivery, causing inequal information spread for citizen about air pollution in Surabaya. Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, which is served in web platform, is one way to assist information delivery to Surabaya citizen about the air quality. The result of this study shows that the air quality is still good and doesn’t go beyond the threshold of national ambient air quality. Primary arterial road category, Jalan Diponegoro, has highest emission rate of 1635.64 ton/year CO and 35516.32 ton/year CO2 caused by high volume of vehicle, which is 285388 smp/hour. For secondary arterial road category, Jalan Raya Darmo, has highest emission rate of 1491.72 ton/year CO and 31155.44 ton/year CO2 caused by vehicle 732395 smp/hour vehicle. Result of this study is served in web platform.
Neighbourhood space for formal housing based on social cohesion in Jember Region
Authors: Koesoemawati D J , Yuswadi H , Ratnaningsih A , Alfiah R , Firmansyah M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nowadays “community without closeness” does exist and makes the closeness to space is no longer important for social relations such as in formal housing in Jember Region. The housing area in Jember Region divided into two types, such as high density housing and low density housing which are influenced by their type of house. Qualitative analysis method that is used in this research are synchronic reading and typology. Synchronic analysis technique based on maps, observation, and interview to several source and used in this research to describe settlement pattern. In the fact, the community who live in formal housing prefer to spend their time in home without paying attention the socialization with their neighbourhood and using public open spaces. It makes segregation and weaken the social cohesion. Therefore, this research is needed to provide a social model of environmental space based on social interaction patterns and location points of interaction in low and high density formal housing in Jember region. Based on the result, it is known that the developer need to designing enclave on formal housing road spaces that are used for social interaction and control each other in housing security, according to the concept of defensible space and neighbourhood space model namely “Enclave Transpatial”
Smart economy for coastal resource management in Surabaya City
Authors: Rahmawati D , Arvitrida N I , Lastomo D , Kusnadi  , Rindawati  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Smart economy as a part of smart city concept has been emerging in recent years to promote urban growth. It infuses digital infrastructure in the economic activities, not only to organize the flow of finance or information but also the production and distribution of goods. This paper provides a review of smart economy concept for coastal resource management in a large coastal city in Indonesia. Surabaya is taken as a case as it is the second largest city in Indonesia with abundant fisheries resources. However, these resources are vulnerable due to the dynamic urban demand and pressures. The approach used in this study considers the supply chain aspects of fishery commodities, involving supply and demand characteristics, the chain of distributions, and the price variation along the supply chain. In addition to the literature review, an evidence-based study is also presented by considering the Indonesian government program in managing the national fisheries logistic system. This paper offers two-fold contributions. It shows the urgency in promoting smart economy concepts in coastal resources in coastal cities and the importance for determining a suitable concept of supply chain management practice and digital prototype design of fisheries resources management as instruments of smart economy concepts.
The impact of fiscal decentralization on economic performance in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan F , Aritenang A F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Regional studies literature argues that neighboring regions could impact each others’ economic performance trough trade, technology diffusion, capital flow, and political stability. However, the emergence of decentralization has put the above argument into a new context. This study aims to explain the impact of fiscal decentralization on economic. The study analyse the impact of fiscal decentralization using lag value and ignores the existence of spatial dependency between regions. Our study concludes that the fiscal decentralization has a significant effect on economic performance at a lag value of 3 years, implying that public budgeting will have a significant impact on increasing economic performance on 3 years later. In addition, the paper provides evidence that regions with similar economic performance are located nearby suggesting the presence of spatial dependence.
Creating cultural and heritage tourism route as tool for development tourism strategy (Case study: Surabaya Kalimas River Area)
Authors: Idajati H , Nugroho F E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Tourism routes have gained prominence in recent years and have greater pulling over potential to entice visitors to spend time and money. Route development in Indonesia has not grown enough, which makes visitor confused about tourism objects as well as the accessibility. However, Surabaya as the second biggest city in Indonesia attracts domestic and foreign tourists to cultural and heritage objects, especially in Kalimas River area. However, tourist in Surabaya have a limited time to stay which less than a day then visits another attraction outsite the city. Poor accessibility within the city also contributes to the problem. Based on the potential and problems above, the research aim is to identify the potential route connecting tourists with cultural and historical attractions through increased the tourist mobility. This qualitative research used the theoretical descriptive analysis to find specific criteria and the formation of pathways, then descriptive analysis to determine the implementation strategy. The results were that six route groups identified based on relationship of each tourism object criteria and the accessibility between them. To implement the route, strongly need to improve the public transportation and its supporting facilities.
Reclaiming public space in Avenida dos Aliados: an ethnographic approach in the way society perceptualize their ideal public space
Authors: Tucunan K P , Lopes J T 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The public space in Europe has been subjected to the major revitalizations in attempt to lifting the socio-economic value of the city centre as well as Avenida dos Aliados. In the urban planning concepts the interventions to achieve public space as medium has an specific terminology which is “ sense of place”. It is a design concepts for a place to ensure that every public space able to have identity and a distinctive character to the area and igniting the interactions among the people. Using ethnography as a method, This study give insights to the the definition of the public space according to the people perceptions, comparison of the quality of an Avenida dos Aliados as a public space after the revitalization and also highlighting what nowaday’s society expected for a public space in Avenida dos Aliados. In order to reclaimed the public space, the society highlighting there is need to include art components (like local artist and creative ornaments), historical information about the city, developing green space, involving technology to stimulate the interaction and prolonged stay, creating inclusive facilities (like games, facility for kids, etc.), and also develop local market in the Avenida dos Aliados.
The application of environmental management system based on ISO 14001 in Brawijaya Malang University
Authors: Sari K E , Kamalia S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Universitas Brawijaya (UB) Malang is one of the universities in Indonesia that having the issue of decreasing environmental quality prompted the Rector of UB to put the problem into the University’s agenda. To solve this problem, UB plans to apply international standards to support the sustainability of the University, which includes implementing an environmental management system known as ISO 14001 by using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) analysis, AHP analysis (Analitycal Hierarcy Process). The first objective in this study is to find out the management’s condition on the readiness of the academic community to evaluate the success of the application of ISO 1400 in UB and the second objectives is to produce the extent of preparedness and progress in planning related to ISO 14001 management systems in UB. The results shows that it can be concluded that the current implementation of the environmental management system at UB still lacks the principles of ISO 14001. One of the principles in ISO 14001 that has not been applied at the University indicates lack of preparedness in a University can be seen in the lack of documentation and communication of management policies and commitments on environmental management systems.