bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO PAY ZAKAH ON EMPLOYMENT INCOME AMONG ACADEMICIANS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Dandago Kabiru Isa , Muhammad Aliyu Dahiru , Abba Safiyya Abubakar 
Published: March 2018

The institution of zakah is the cornerstone of the Islamic economic system and the disbursement of the zakah fund in line with the Qur’anic injunction ensures equitable distribution and transfer of wealth from the rich to the poor. However, zakah practice in many Muslim countries left wide gap especially in realizing the goal of zakah in poverty reduction. For instance, zakah on employment income is largely neglected despite its juristic backing and changing economic structure that creates high professional income earners that form either upper middle class or lower middle class of the society. The objective of this paper is to explore the intention of income earners to pay zakah on their employment income in Kano State as this will add to the zakatable sources of the State Zakah commission. The paper employed Theory of Reasoned Action to examine the behavioral intention of 300 academics across Kano state government owned tertiary educational institutions to pay zakah on their income. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data collected. The overall result shows that the respondents have favorable behavioral intention towards payment of zakah on employment income. Specifically, the positive effect of both attitudinal beliefs and subjective norm on the behavioral intention is revealed. Hence, the need to come up with a comprehensive policy that will boost zakah collection, consequently its distribution to reduce extreme poverty in the state.Keywords: Zakah, Employment Income, Attitudes, Subjective Norm, Behavioral IntentionJEL Classification: H2, H310
LA APLICACIÓN DE TEORÍA DE LA CONDUCTA PLANEADA EN EL EJERCICIO FÍSICO CON PERSONAS MAYORES: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Bonete Lopez Beatriz 
Published: March 2018

Según los datos de la última Encuesta Nacional de Salud (INE, 2006), apenas el 44% de la población mayor de 55 años posee una valoración positiva de su salud. Aunque pudiera considerarse paradójico abordar aspectos como la promoción de la salud y la prevención de la enfermedad en la época del ciclo vital que se considera como el declive inevitable del cuerpo humano, coincidimos con Iruzubieta (2004) en valorar como totalmente erróneo tal enjuiciamiento. Para evidenciar la
importancia de la salud durante el envejecimiento, analizaremos los conceptos de estilo de vida, atendiendo a la conducta de realizar ejercicio físico como elemento determinante en el envejecimiento activo. Para ello, de entre los Modelos Sociales Cognitivos, analizaremos la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada como marco teórico que mejor explica la conducta de realizar ejercicio físico en el envejecimiento, detallando los trabajos que han aplicado esta teoría con personas mayores.
Palabras clave: Envejecimiento, Ejercicio Físico, Teoría de la Conducta Planeada
Estrés por Hospitalización y Estrategias de Afrontamiento
Authors: Rodriguez Marín Jesus , López Roig Sofía , Pastor Mira Maria Ángeles 
Published: March 2018

Este trabajo estudia las realización entre el distrés percibido por la hospitalización y una serie de variables psicosociales y demográficas en paciente quirúrgicos hospitalizados. Se utilizó la escala de Volicer para medir el distrés hospitalario y, a partir de los resultados, los grupos de alto y bajo distrés fueron comparados según el nivel de depresión y ansiedad referidos: el grupo de alto distrés obtuvo unas puntuaciones en los nieveles de depresión y ansiedad referidos significativamente mayores que las obtenidas por el grupo de bajo distrés. Las variables más altamente predictoras del distrés de los pacientes de enfermedad, el apoyo social y el estilo de afrontamiento de evitación.
Los aspectos de estrés se comparan con los índices de afrontamiento proporcionados por la escala de Billings y Moos. El grupo de bajo nivel de distrés hospitalario utilizó las estrategias de afrontamiento activo conductuales en mayor medidas que el grupo de alto nivel. A su vez, el grupo de alto distrés hospitalario informó que utiliza las estrategias de evitación en mayor grado que el grupo de bajo nivel. El grupo de afrontamiento evitativo obtuvo un nivel significativamente mayor de depresión y ansiedad que los otros grupos, y un nivel de distrés hospitalario.
Se sugiere un modelo explicativo de la relación entre los estresores, activación de estrés y respuestas de afrontamiento, para una mejor comprensión de los efectos estresantes de la hospitalización.
Los resultados concuerdan con los obtenidos en numerosos estudios sobre los efectos de la hospitalización, y señalan que no hay diferencias interculturales en este sentido.
MOTIVASI SOSIAL DALAM RITUS TAREKAT QODIRIYAH NAQSABANDIYAH (Studi Ritus Selasan di Masjid Al Bukhori Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo)
Authors: Djohan M. Widda 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Spiritual intelligence (SQ) is the highest intelligence of human beings. There is correlation between spiritual intelligence and Allah. On the other word, someone who has spiritual intelligence should have highest relationship with Allah S. W. T. Then, its relationship affected interaction among others because of Allah aided. Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandia is one of the spiritual activities and it held at Masjid Al Bukhari Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo. This activity is expected to increase spiritual intelligence of the pilgrims.To uncover those phenomenon, this study formulate the problem as follows 1) How is the implementation of Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandiah at Masjid Al Bukhori Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo ? 2) How are the pilgrims whose join Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandiah at Masjid Al Bukhori Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo? 3) What are the roles of Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandiah to increase spiritual intelligence of the pilgrims in Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Poncol, Magetan?. This study conducted Descriptive Qualitative approach. Interview, observation, documentation were used to collect the data.Those found that (a) the implementation of Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandiah at Masjid Al Bukhari Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo is held thirty-five a days on Minggu (Sunday) Wage. Furthermore, their activities are dzikir, istighosah, khususiah, reviewing Kitab, and manaqib. (b) There are diverse social stratification of the followers such high, low, and medium stratum. They are almost 30 years old. (C) The activities of Tarekat Qadiriah wa Naqsabandiah at Masjid Al Bukhari Mojoroto Gelanglor Sukorejo Ponorogo have important roles in increasing Spiritual Intelligence, because the main sets of this activity provides one’s moral and social intelligences, able to manage themselves and have good relationship among others. Those are based on human faith and devotion.Keywords: Spiritual Intelligence (SQ), Tarekat Qodiriah wa Naqsyabandiah
PARADIGMA TAFSIR AL-MANAR
Authors: Saifullah Saifullah 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The essential of Al-Mana>r in the process of interpretation become its interpretation phenomenal. Many names were given indistinguishing al-Mana>r style such al-manhaj al-ijtima>y, al-laun al-adaby al-ijtima>’y and so forth. The writer elaborates the paradigm that used by al-mana>r’s author to investigate the reasons in giving various naming. As the result, those naming are understandable. This article investigated al-Mana>r paradigm into three perspectives. First, interpretation means an earnest effort which implemented to decide some cases which are not discussed in Qur’an and hadist. In consequence, human taught becomes an important aspect in interpreting. Second, all the effort is an attempt to make the interpretation of Qur’an as guidance (hida>yah). Then third, interpretation effort is an attempt to make Qur'an readers happiness in this world and in the hereafter. Al-Mana>r has inspired various interpreting works. Therefore, Al-Mana>r refers to the social interpreting (al-madrasah al-'aqliyah al-ijtima>'iyyah). Al-Mana>r paradigm can be categorized as rational paradigm because it puts sense in the important position. Muh}ammad 'Abduh argues that, "Logic is the main principal of Islam. Logical thinking in Islam means a prelude to the true faith” and “Reasoning becomes priority when a literal understanding and logical reasoning clash.” Keywords: Paradigm, Help, Happiness, al-Madrasah.
Diffusion-Dominated Proxy Model for Solvent Injection in Ultra-Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Cronin M. , Emami-Meybodi H. , Johns R. T. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by solvent injection offers significant potential to increase recovery from shale oil reservoirs, which are typically between 3 and 7% OOIP. The rather sparse literature on this topic typically models these tight reservoirs based on conventional reservoir processes and mechanisms, such as by convective transport using Darcy's law, even though there is little physical justification for this treatment. The literature also downplays the importance of the soaking period in huff'n'puff
In this paper we propose for the first time a more physically-realistic recovery mechanism based solely on diffusion-dominated transport. We develop a diffusion-dominated proxy model assuming first-contact miscibility (FCM) to provide rapid estimates of oil recovery for both primary production and the solvent huff'n'soak'n'puff (HSP) process in ultra-tight oil reservoirs. Simplified proxy models are developed to represent the major features of the fracture network.
The key results show that diffusion-transport only can reproduce the primary production period within the Eagle Ford shale and model the HSP process well, without the need to use Darcy's law. The mechanism for recovery is based solely on density and concentration gradients. Primary production is a self-diffusion process, while the HSP process is based on counter-diffusion. Incremental recoveries by HSP are several times greater than primary production recoveries, showing significant promise in increasing oil recoveries. We calculate ultimate recoveries for both primary production and for the HSP process, and show that methane injection is preferred over carbon dioxide injection. We also show that the proxy model, to be accurate, must match the total matrix contact area and the ratio of effective to total contact area with time. These two parameters should be maximized for best recovery.
Harvest Management Effects on ‘Tifton 44’ Bermudagrass Phosphorus Removal and Nutritive Value
Authors: Read John J. , Lang David J. , Adeli Ardeshir , Jenkins Johnie N. 
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas
The impact of harvest management on forage nutritive value is vital to farm income.Results validate management practices commonly used but heretofore without statistical basis.Bermudagrass P removal maximized with prolonged harvest interval and short stubble height.Forage nutritive value was similar between stubble heights when harvested every 35 d.
Haying bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] to maximize recovery of P applied in broiler litter may adversely affect forage quality. This 3‐yr study (2005–2007) determined harvest management effects on dry matter (DM) yield, P removal, and forage nutritive value in ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass at Noxapater and South Farm, MS. Fertilization annually comprised 8.96 Mg ha−1 broiler litter (as‐is basis) that provided 243 and 122 kg ha−1 of N and P, respectively, supplemented with 67–110 kg ha−1 N (as ammonium nitrate). After an initial harvest in May, forage was harvested at 28‐, 35‐, and 49‐d intervals and at 3‐ and 9‐cm residual cutting heights. Seasonal trends in P removal closely followed those observed for DM yield and short stubble increased yields of DM and P by approximately 31%. Prolonged regrowth and 3‐cm stubble height resulted in the greatest yields of DM and P. Annual P removal at Noxapater did not differ between 35‐ and 49‐d harvest intervals (21.3 vs. 23.0 kg ha−1); whereas it was greatest (P < 0.05) at South Farm for 49‐d intervals (23.9 vs. 25.8 kg ha−1). Prolonged regrowth resulted in crude protein (CP) and in vitro true DM digestibility (IVTDMD) below 95 and 610 g kg−1, respectively, suggesting less forage could be consumed by ruminant livestock. In 2007, CP and IVTDMD levels were greatest for 9‐cm stubble. Tifton 44 bermudagrass receiving litter should be harvested every 35 d and at 3‐cm stubble height to provide the best compromise between DM yield, nutrient removal, and forage nutritive value.
Responses of Intermediate Wheatgrass to Plant Growth Regulators and Nitrogen Fertilizer
Authors: Frahm C. S. , Tautges N. E. , Jungers J. M. , Ehlke N. J. , Wyse D. L. , Sheaffer C. C. 
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas
Trinexapac‐ethyl reduces height and lodging in wheatgrass.Trinexapac‐ethyl increased grain yield when lodging risk was high.Prohexanedione calcium had no effect on wheatgrass.Trinexapac‐ethyl can reduce risk of yield losses due to lodging.
Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium; IWG), a new perennial grain crop, has the potential to provide ecosystem services while producing food‐grade grain; however, productivity is currently limited by high rates of lodging. Trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) and prohexadione‐calcium (PC) are widely used plant growth regulators (PGRs) for mitigating lodging and improving seed yield in other grass crops. Our objectives were to determine the effects of the PGRs PC and TE, PGR application rate, and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate (0, 40, 80 kg N ha−1) on IWG lodging, height, and grain and biomass yields. Experiments were initiated in first‐ and third‐year stands at St. Paul and Rosemount, MN. Few effects of PC on IWG height, lodging, or yields were observed, while TE consistently reduced plant height by 10 to 20% and lodging by up to 20% in a year with high lodging risk. Application of TE to IWG at the recommended rate (437 g a.i. ha−1) or higher rates increased grain yields by 65 to 100% when lodging incidence was high, but did not affect grain yields in years with lower lodging risk. While a negative correlation between lodging and grain yields was observed, nitrogen fertilizer affected IWG grain and biomass yields in only one of five site‐years, and there was no interaction between N fertilizer and PGR effects on IWG. Nonetheless, the PGR TE demonstrated the potential to reduce plant height and lodging, thereby increasing IWG yield potential.
English, Russian and Russian English in Russia: CLIL and non-CLIL studentsâ€™ opinion in St. Petersburg
Authors: Pavenkova Maria , Pavenkov Oleg , Pavenkov Vladimir 
Published: March 2018

English is a Lingua Franca in the many domains. Itsâ€™ spread is a factor and a result of the Expanding Globalization. Â The current conflict between Russia and the West initiates a number of increasing concerns towards the fate and the future of the Russian language, to be more exact, they are under-development, pidginization and uncontrolled influx and spread of the English language. The research was carried out at St- Petersburg University in the period January 2016. CLIL and non-CLIL students from three St-Petersburg universities were asked (N=301).The results of the investigations described main concerns about the fate of Russian and the level of adoption of the Russian variety of English (Russian English).
Oxazolidinones as Chiral Auxiliaries in the Asymmetric 1,4-Conjugate Addition Reaction Applied to the Total Synthesis of Natural Products: A Supplemental Mini-Review
Authors: Zadsirjan Vahideh , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
The most frequently used chiral auxiliaries, oxazolidinones (Evans' oxazolidinones)
have been employed in 1,4-congugate addition reactions to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Supplementary
to our previous reports in this mini-review, we attempted to underscore the applications of this strategy in
a step (steps) in the total synthesis of some naturally occurring compounds exhibiting diverse biological activities.

Objective:
In this mini-review, we try to underscore the applications of oxazolidinones (Evans’ oxazolidinones)
in 1,4-congugate addition reactions to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl in the total synthesis of some naturally
occurring compounds exhibiting diverse biological activities.

Conclusion:
In spite of well-known superiority of asymmetric catalyzed reactions, the use of auxiliarycontrolled
reactions are still considered as commanding, vital and sometimes as only tools in the generation of
stereogenic centers during the construction of complex molecules and total synthesis of naturally occurring
compounds. The commercial availability, or readily accessibility of a wide variety of chiral amino alcohols as
starting materials to synthesize a wide range of oxazolidinones is the merits of them. In addition, the ease of
removal and subjection to various and diverse stereoselective reactions make oxazolidinones as the ideal and
superior chiral auxiliaries. In this regard, they were successfully used in asymmetric 1,4-conjugate addition reactions
with high stereoselectivities. The high degree of asymmetric induction can be attributed to the rigid
chelation of N-acyloxazolidinones with metal ions, as well as the covering of one face of the system by the
bulkiness of 4-substituent. In summary, in this report, the importance of the applications of chiral oxazolidinones
as suitable chiral auxiliaries in the stereoselective, 1,4-conjugate addition reactions in asymmetric synthesis
and in particular, the total synthesis of naturally occurring compounds and some complex molecules
were underscored. Noticeably, in these total syntheses, this chiral auxiliary is controlling the stereochemistry of
a newly created stereogenic center as well as preserving the configuration of other chiral centers, which already
have been presented in the precursor. General methods have been established for the attachment of the chiral
auxiliary as a moiety to the substrate molecule in high to excellent yields. At the end of these reactions, this
auxiliary can be easily removed leaving various desired reactive motifs for the next step in multi-step synthesis.
Real-time Dash Streaming Architecture for Internet of Things Using FBMRWP Model for Medical Videos
Authors: Kalpana Bapana , Parthasarathy Rangarajan 
Published: March 2018

Background:
The proposed method uses random adjustments in the online video quality
based on the bandwidth allocated over Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) streaming
service.

Aim:
The main objective is to improve the video quality from DASH-HTTP servers with variable
bandwidth. Here, the system is adjusted dynamically for providing best video quality services
based on the requirement of the user.

Methods:
In order to achieve such objective, the DASH service is assigned with three modules.
Initially, the quality is adjusted dynamically using Fractional Brownian Motion and Random Waypoint
Mobility (FBM-RWP) model. This initial model schedules the packets in sub-streams based
on the priority as per the requirement of the user. The final model uses the Proportional Integral
Derivative (PID) quality control algorithm for the past and future prediction of quality based on
bandwidth allocation. This feedback of quality is used by the FBM-RWP model to prioritize the
packets in the sub-streams. The entire process works by matching the bit rate of video streaming
with the user required quality.

Results:
The technique concentrates mostly on medical videos for improving the live video
streaming in case of medical emergencies. The performance of the proposed method is compared
with the conventional DASH services. The results proved that the proposed method performs better
in terms of reduced error and improved throughput.
The Impact of Land Conversion on Income and Food Security Status For Farmer Households in 5 Villages in Temon Sub-District, Kulon Progo District, 2017
Authors: Nurpita Anisa , Wihastuti Latri , Andjani Ike Yuli 
Published: March 2018

Preparation for the construction and development of NYIA airport in Temon sub district, Kulon Progo district, D.I. Yogyakarta province has caused displacement of people for their land, including farmers. Farmers affected are located in five villages that include Jankaran, Palihan, Sindutan, Glagah and Kebon Rejo. The objective of this resrarch is to analyze the impact of land conversion on farmer household incomes and food security status. The research used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was based on descriptive statistics and test of differences between paired samples. Results showed that land conversion has had a negative and significant influence on incomes of affected farmer households. The decline in household income of farmers in 5 villages in Temon sub district among other factors, is attributable to the reduction in farming land. Secondly, consequently, loss of farmer household income aggravated the vulnerability of the affected households to food insecurity. The number of farmer households that experienced food insecurity increased from 87 percent of all farmer households prior to land conversion to 90 percent after land conversion. Conclusions formed the basis for several policy recommendations to mitigate and if possible overcome the problem.
Gestalt Therapy and Organization Development: A Historical Perspective, 1930-1996
Authors: NEVIS EDWIN C. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Psychological practice, such as Gestalt therapy and organization development consultation, is strongly influenced by social, economic, political, and intellectual developments. Changes in these factors lead to significant shifts in the kinds of interventions that are supported in the marketplace. This article shows how interest in interventions to enhance awareness grew out of a long period of liberalism (1930-1965) and how interest shifted to interventions in support of action during a long period of conservatism (1965-1995). Implications of this change are discussed, as well as the implications of a beginning shift to a period of liberalism and to intervention opportunities that may now be available to practitioners.
Gestalt Empty-Chair Dialogue Versus Systematic Desensitization in the Treatment of a Phobia
Authors: JOHNSON WILLIAM R. , SMITH EDWARD W. L. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Twenty-three introductory psychology students at a state university were selected as snake-phobic subjects on the basis of subjective and objective criteria and randomly assigned to one of three groups: Gestalt empty-chair dialogue, systematic desensitization, and no therapy. Following treatment, measures were taken of subjects' avoidance behavior and their subjective experience. Both empty-chair dialogue subjects and desensitization subjects showed significant improvement on the objective measures, as compared to the no therapy control group. No other group differences were found. The authors concluded that the present study is evidence for the efficacy of the Gestalt empty-chair dialogue in the treatment of simple phobia.
Gestalt Therapy with the Elderly: On the "Coming of Age" and "Completing Gestalts"
Authors: WOLDT ANSEL L. , STEIN STEVEN A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The authors' intention is to initiate the process of applying Gestalt therapy theory, practice, and research to the psychological needs of our rapidly growing elderly population. They present the rationale and ideas for Gestalt therapists to consider in providing psychotherapy services to geriatric patients, particularly those in nursing homes. Discussion of current demographics on aging and the discriminatory problems of stereotyping and ageism provide the ground for elder psychotherapy. Developmental needs and psychological problems inherent in the "coming of age" are addressed from a Gestalt perspective. The final stage of life is particularly amenable to the principles of Gestalt therapy as it is when patients are coping with issues of self-absorption, unfinished business, loss of control, living in the past, unresolved polarities, and closure.