bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ag ion substitution in zeolite and use of citric acid on the efficacy of antimicrobial properties of EVA‐PE composite films
Authors: Im Sera , Lee Jun‐Young , Seo Jongchul , Bai Jaewoo , Jeon Myeong‐Su , Min Sea C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous zeolites substituted with Ag ions (Ag[zeolite]) or citric acid‐dealuminated Ag[zeolite] (CA‐Ag[zeolite]) were incorporated into an ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyethylene (PE) copolymer using an extrusion process. The antimicrobial effects of the resulting films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Human coronavirus 229E, and their physical and tensile properties were examined. CA‐Ag[zeolite] exhibited superior antibacterial results compared to Ag[zeolite] for both bacteria, and the CA‐Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE film demonstrated higher antimicrobial effects against the tested microorganisms than the Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE film. Surface elemental analysis, determination of the specific surface areas, and pore size investigations demonstrated that CA‐Ag[zeolite] possessed higher hydrothermal stability than the zeolite or Ag[zeolite] alone. Furthermore, the CA‐Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE film exhibited a higher L* value and lower a* and b* values than the Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE film along with lower absorbance. The former also demonstrated higher tensile strength and moisture permeability, in addition to lower roughness values on both its cross‐section and surface. Moreover, the Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE and CA‐Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE films exhibited higher thermal decomposition temperatures than the EVA‐PE composite. Overall, the CA‐Ag[zeolite]‐EVA‐PE film showed potential for use as a novel antimicrobial film for application in food packaging and kitchen utensil coating materials.Highlights
Antimicrobials were prepared with EVA/PE, Ag[zeolite], and citric acid (CA)
EVA/PE films containing Ag[zeolite] and CA showed strong antimicrobial effects
CA addition improved Ag[zeolite] distribution in the film and the film color
CA addition enhanced the tensile, moisture barrier, and thermal properties
Potential applications include antimicrobial packaging and utensil coatings
Segmental versus extended colectomy for colorectal cancer in patients with lynch syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pasqualotto Eric , Pompeu Bernardo Fontel , Braga Marcelo A. P. , Delgado Lucas Monteiro , Chavez Matheus Pedrotti , Morgado Ferreira Rafael Oliva , Pasqualotto Tales , Morbach Victória , Formiga Fernanda Bellotti 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe decision to perform segmental or extended colectomy in Lynch syndrome (LS) patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is still controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to provide updated evidence for segmental versus extended colectomy in LS carriers with CRC.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies published until January 2024 comparing segmental and extended colectomies for CRC in patients with LS. Risk ratio (RR) was used to evaluate binary endpoints with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistics. Statistical analysis was performed using the R Software, version 4.2.3.ResultsA total of 14 studies comprising 2303 LS carriers with CRC, of whom 1724 (74.9%) patients underwent segmental colectomy and 579 (25.1%) patients underwent extended colectomy. Segmental colectomy significantly increased metachronous CRC (mCRC) (RR 2.87; 95% CI 2.03–4.07; and p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between groups for 5‐year overall survival (OS) (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.82–1.03; and p = 0.14), 10‐year OS (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.96–1.04; and p = 0.80), and mortality (RR 1.63; 95% CI 0.90–2.97; and p = 0.11). There were no significant linear associations between the outcome of mCRC and age at the time of primary CRC, sex, primary CRC location, and pathogenic LS variant.ConclusionIn this meta‐analysis, segmental colectomy significantly increased mCRC compared with extended colectomy after the first surgery for CRC in patients with LS. However, there were no significant differences between groups for 5‐ and 10‐year OS and mortality.
Clinical significance of the Naples prognostic score in predicting short‐ and long‐term postoperative outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hosoda Kiyotaka , Shimizu Akira , Kubota Koji , Notake Tsuyoshi , Kitagawa Noriyuki , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Sakai Hiroki , Hayashi Hikaru , Yasukawa Koya , Soejima Yuji 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Naples prognostic score (NPS) is a remarkable marker of short‐ and long‐term outcomes in various types of cancer. However, its impact on the postoperative outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the impact of the NPS on the prognosis and incidence of postoperative complications in hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsPatients with hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 374) were categorized into high‐ and low‐Naples prognostic score groups; their postoperative outcomes were compared. Prognostic and risk factors for severe postoperative complications were identified using multivariate analyses.ResultsThe low‐Naples prognostic score group had significantly longer overall and recurrence‐free survivals than the high‐Naples prognostic score group (p = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed a superior predictive value of the NPS in the group with a single tumor (p = 0.03), tumor diameter ≤5 cm (p = 0.04), and tumor stage I or II (p = 0.04). A high NPS was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–2.05; and p = 0.04). The NPS 2–4 group had a higher incidence of the Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ IIIa postoperative complications than the 0–1 group (p = 0.03) and a score of 2–4 was identified as an independent risk factor for the Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ IIIa postoperative complications (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.01–4.20; and p = 0.05).ConclusionsThe NPS effectively predicts postoperative outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Peristaltic flow of MHD Casson nanofluid with heat source/sink and thermal radiation
Authors: Nisar Zahid , Muhammad Khursheed , Aldosari F. M. , Elseesy Ibrahim E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe significance of peristaltic activity in biological and biomedical engineering has recently received a lot of attention. Peristaltic pumping and heat transfer in magnetohydrodynamic biological fluids are fascinating topics with a wide range of physiological applications. These applications include dialysis, medication injection, cardiac surgery equipment, and cancer treatments. In this work, we investigate the characteristics of Casson fluid and peristalsis in a symmetric elastic tube. Buongiorno nanofluid model is taken with the features of thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The heat transfer mechanism is analyzed by acquiring the effects of heat dissipation, absorption/generation, and thermal radiation. A long wavelength is also anticipated when developing the flow model, which is predicated on a short Reynolds number. The non‐linear system of equations is numerically solved. Graphical outcomes are acquired to visualize the physical interpretation of several embedded parameters for heat transfer rate, concentration, velocity, and temperature.
Global well‐posedness in a three‐dimensional chemotaxis‐consumption model with singular sensitivity
Authors: Lu Yi , Jin Chunhua , Zhou Langhao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a three‐dimensional version of a dissipative chemotactic system with singular sensitivity coefficients,
Thus far, the comprehensive characterization of the impact of singular sensitivity on the existence of classical solutions in three‐dimensional systems remains incomplete due to the singularity effect. Even in two‐dimensional space, only global generalized solutions have been obtained for general initial values while results related to small initial values, are available for ensuring the global existence of classical solutions. In this direction, under some smallness assumptions on initial values, the present work provides some interesting contributions by establishing results on global boundedness by using the energy functional method, and especially on large time stabilization toward homogeneous equilibria.
Who Is Most at Risk?: Identifying the Risks for Mental Health Problems Related to Social Media
Authors: Hamilton Jessica L. , Kruzan Kaylee P. , Szlyk Hannah , Reyes-Portillo Jazmin , Biernesser Candice , Jensen Michaeline , Zelazny Jamie , Primack Brian , Torous John , Weigle Paul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although most adolescents use social media, not all experience negative effects on their mental health. Identifying which youths are most vulnerable to mental health problems related to social media remains a critical area of research to inform prevention. Currently, there is insufficient examination of the potential moderators of the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes, limiting our understanding. Research has primarily focused on which youths are most at risk on the basis of demographic factors and preexisting mental health problems. Findings suggest that cisgender girls, youths with minoritized identities, and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds or with preexisting mental health problems are at a greater risk for the negative effects of media on their mental health. Paradoxically, these same youths may also be more likely to benefit from social media. Youths who engage with media in problematic ways may also suffer from related mental health problems. However, most research fails to systematically examine these factors and employ limited methods. This chapter provides a summary of the current evidence on the role of social media in mental health, acknowledges its limitations, highlights directions for future research, and provides recommendations for diverse key stakeholders based on our current science to inform prevention efforts.
Dysregulated Use of Mobile/Smartphone
Authors: Domoff Sarah E. , Elhai Jon D. , Long Jiang , Lopez-Fernandez Olatz , Montag Christian , Starcevic Vladan , Szabo Attila , Vanden Abeele Mariek M. P. , Demetrovics Zsolt , Billieux Joel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Given the ability to use the internet and applications that are both immediately accessible and highly rewarding to users, concern exists regarding the development of excessive and dysregulated smartphone use (also known as ‘smartphone addiction’). This chapter reviews the current state of research on dysregulated smartphone use, identifies gaps in the literature, and outlines future directions for research and practice. Dysregulated smartphone use is associated with a (1) significant loss of control over the behavior, resulting in (2) severe and persistent functional impairment in daily life. The most consistent correlates of dysregulated smartphone use include psychiatric symptoms and poor sleep health. Because there are few longitudinal studies with a rigorous methodology, it is not clear whether the correlates precede, co-occur with, or follow the onset of dysregulated smartphone use. Consistent conceptualization suggests that mental health problems could precede dysregulated smartphone use. Future research should seek to validate psychometrically sound screening instruments for dysregulated smartphone use in children and adolescents. Research on the longitudinal trajectories of dysregulated smartphone use and psychopathology, as well as physical health outcomes, is recommended. Given the high rates of smartphone ownership among children and young adolescents, clarifying how, and for whom, smartphone use interferes with functioning is critical.
Adolescents’ Online Communication Practices in a Digital World
Authors: Uhls Yalda T. , van der Wal Amber , Ellison Nicole , Collier Anne , Subrahmanyam Kaveri , Valkenburg Patti M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Social interaction with peers is a crucial developmental need in adolescence. Social media have significantly transformed the way many adolescents communicate with one another, lowering barriers for them to connect at any time, from anywhere. Three important modalities of their online communication are direct messaging, video-mediated communication, and social gaming. This chapter discusses how these modalities are used by adolescents, the social mechanisms that underlie their motivation to use them, possible positive and negative implications for their peer relationships, and the critical role online communication can play in the well-being of marginalized youth. Among other things, the chapter shows that, while the ability to disclose information and connect online can support most adolescents’ social needs, digital communication may also enable negative interactions, such as cyberbullying. The chapter concludes that online communication can be an important source of social and emotional support, especially when in-person contact is unavailable. Future research should investigate the ways in which social media can support adolescents’ development of social and emotional competence. Implications for practice include the need for stakeholders to be aware of the opportunities and risks associated with different modalities and to support adolescents’ safe and healthy use.
Introduction to the Section on Gender, Sexuality, and Digital Media
Authors: Maas Megan K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sexual development is an integral part of adolescence, yet there are little efforts made (e.g., comprehensive sex education) to support adolescents in the development of sexual competencies. As a result, adolescents are sexually socialized through various media experiences, including more traditional (i.e., film and television) and newer forms (i.e., Internet pornography and social media) of media. The academic research summarized here examines how traditional and new media influence gender and sexuality development in children and adolescents. It highlights the prevalence of gender stereotypes in entertainment media and the impact of pornography on sexual attitudes and behaviors. Although sexual health websites provide a safer source of information, challenges remain in ensuring content quality and accessibility. Adolescents also use online platforms to navigate romantic relationships and sexual expression, with technology-facilitated communication and connection. However, issues such as sexting and dating app usage raise concerns about the privacy and safety of minor users. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for comprehensive sex education in schools, inclusive of digital citizenship and responsible online behavior. Therapeutic and healthcare settings must also address the intersection of media, gender, and sexuality in adolescent mental health and provide support tailored to individual needs and experiences.
Pornography Use During Adolescence: The Current State of Knowledge and Recommendations
Authors: Maas Megan K. , Wright Paul J. , Rothman Emily F. , Nelson Kimberly M. , Weigle Paul , Herbenick Debby 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the current state of the literature on adolescents’ pornography use and sexual socialization (e.g., beliefs, attitudes, behaviors). Most adolescents have seen pornography, with over half reporting first viewing pornography prior to age 14, whether intentionally or not. In general, adolescents’ use of pornography has been associated with (1) more erroneous sexual expectations and beliefs about sexual violence, (2) sexual activity offline, including risky sexual behavior, and (3) sexual violence perpetration and victimization. Although pornography use is associated with these undesirable outcomes for adolescents, it is difficult to isolate pornography as a direct cause of these outcomes. Therefore, we suggest that more longitudinal studies that include intensive measurements of pornography use and offline behaviors are employed. Interdisciplinary research approaches that are used to study how other immersive online activities (such as gaming and social media) impact development should also be applied to the study of pornography use. We recommend that local and regional legislatures propose systematic professional development opportunities for those who provide youth services (e.g., pediatricians and social workers) and school staff to learn about contemporary digital media environments, including pornography, and how to address them with adolescents.
Online Sexual Communication and Partner Seeking Among Adolescents
Authors: Macapagal Kathryn , Wongsomboon Val , Gordon Jacob D. , Nelson Kimberly M. , Widman Laura M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Contemporary adolescents engage in online sexual communication and sexual and romantic partners seeking to meet their social and developmental needs. In doing so, adolescents are afforded new opportunities to discuss sexual health in quasi-anonymous and ostensibly private settings, explore their sexual interests and identities, and gain access to peers and potential partners beyond their physical spaces. However, online environments also introduce risks for adolescents that include stigma and rejection and forms of cyberdating violence such as harassment and unwanted sexual advances. This chapter reviews the current literature on the prevalence, patterns, benefits, and drawbacks experienced by adolescents who engage in online sexual communication and partner seeking. We also offer several recommendations for future research, interventions, and best practices. To improve adolescent health, parents, educators, and healthcare providers must first acknowledge that adolescents engage in online sexual communication and relationships. Second, they must assess the positive and negative impacts of their experiences in these online spaces. Finally, interventions and education that address the potential health, well-being, and developmental impacts of online sexual communication and relationships should be developed collaboratively with adolescents to ensure relevance to their lives.
Introduction to the Section on Parenting in the Digital Age
Authors: Reich Stephanie M. , Madigan Sheri 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Amid the rapidly evolving digital age, caregivers are adapting their parenting strategies to effectively navigate and co-exist within this new landscape. Each chapter in this section on parenting in the digital age focuses on distinct facets and/or ages related to this overarching theme, with a collective goal of supporting a comprehensive understanding of this critical subject. The first chapter by Reich et al. provides an overview of definitions as well as various research approaches and methodologies focused on parenting and media. Following this, three chapters target specific developmental periods: early childhood (age 0–5; Hirsh-Pasek et al.), middle childhood (age 6–11; Bickham et al.), and adolescence (age 12–18; Wisniewski et al.). McDaniel et al.’s chapter reviews research on the role of digital technology in parent–child interactions, while the final chapter by Browne and colleagues describes how digital media can synergistically affect family interactions among all members (e.g., parents, siblings, etc.). Each chapter in this section shares current understandings, needs for future research, and practical strategies for families. Together, these chapters provide a multifaceted view of the extant research on parenting in the digital age and highlight key considerations for contemporary families.
Online Hate Speech Among Adolescents: Theory, Research, and Recommendations
Authors: Wachs Sebastian , Mazzone Angela , Schultze-Krumbholz Anja , Wright Michelle F. , Döring Nicola , Espelage Dorothy L. , Gámez-Guadix Manuel , Hong Jun Sung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Online hate speech (OHS) poses a significant threat to young people’s online experiences due to its potential to cause adverse outcomes regarding their mental health and well-being. This brief report provides an overview of recent research investigating OHS, including its prevalence, definitional issues, theoretical frameworks, and correlates and outcomes of OHS involvement. While several definitions of OHS exist, initial attempts to elaborate an evidence-based definition have been made in recent years. However, the distinct aspects of OHS included in existing definitions may be challenging to assess. Regarding OHS assessment, an additional limitation lies in adopting single-item measures, which entails reliability and validity issues. Moreover, previous findings are mainly cross-sectional, limiting our understanding of OHS’s predictors and outcomes. Despite these limitations, the extant literature builds on solid theoretical frameworks while investigating several protective and risk factors, including moral disengagement, self-efficacy, and parental mediation. Nevertheless, much remains to be done in terms of defining OHS based on bottom-up approaches and in terms of translating knowledge into evidence-based prevention. Moving beyond current approaches, future programs are encouraged to prevent OHS through counterspeech while adopting a multicomponent approach. The chapter outlines suggestions for future research directions and recommendations for practitioners working with adolescents.
The Importance of Digital Media Literacy
Authors: Turner Kristen Hawley , Eisenstock Bobbie , Hicks Troy , Jolls Tessa , O’Byrne W. Ian , Paciga Kathleen A. , Price-Dennis Detra , Hagerman Michelle Schira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In a world where technology constantly reshapes ways of learning, playing, working, interacting, and engaging in civic life, digital media literacy is critical. With increased device use, children and teens must develop skills that will help them to be healthy and productive. A limited body of research suggests that increased digital media literacy may mitigate some of the harmful effects of technology on youth. Increased attention to the need for digital media literacy has not fully reached school curricula or state policies. This chapter makes recommendations for research and policy priorities that will support digital media literacy learning across the lifespan.
Violent Video Games and Aggression
Authors: Bushman Brad J. , Gabbiadini Alessandro , Greitemeyer Tobias , Krahé Barbara 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although video games can teach various skills, violent video games also teach players how to behave more aggressively. Hundreds of studies using different methodologies have shown that violent video games can increase aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior and can decrease empathy and prosociality. Longitudinal studies have found that habitually playing violent video games contributes to the development of aggressive behavior from childhood to young adulthood. Several established psychological theories can explain violent video game effects. Through observational learning, violent video games lead to positive evaluations of aggression and the formation of aggressive scripts. Habitually playing violent video games also leads to emotional desensitization and lower empathy with victims of real-world violence. The General Aggression Model proposes that playing violent games may lead to the learning, rehearsal, and reinforcement of aggression-related patterns of thinking that contribute to the development of aggression as a stable personality trait. Insights are offered for future research on topics such as virtual and augmented reality technologies, individual differences, and contextual factors that may moderate violent video game effects. Promising interventions for reducing violent video game effects are discussed. Suggestions to pediatricians and parents are offered.