bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft tissue leiomyosarcoma—diagnostics, management, and prognosis: Data of the registry cancer of the center of Tunisia
Authors: Mestiri Sarra , Elghali Mohamed Amine , Bourigua Rym , Abdessayed Nihed , Nasri Salsabil , Amine Ben Abdallah , Missaoui Nabiha , Ben Maitig Mahmoud , Hmissa Sihem , Sriha Badreddine , Mokni Moncef 
Published: January 2019

Background: Soft tissue leiomyosarcomas are rare, accounting for almost 5%–10% of all soft tissue sarcomas; they account for almost 1% of all sarcomas. They are aggressive tumors where location, size, and management require a multidisciplinary approach. Since there are few series published, we here analyze epidemiological pattern, clinical and pathologic features of soft tissue leiomyosarcomas. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 29 consecutive cases of histologically proven soft tissue leiomyosarcoma extracted from the database of the Cancer Registry of the Center of Tunisia and the Department of Pathology of Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse of Tunisia, during a 10-year period (from January 1996 to December 2005). Epidemiologic details, clinico-pathological features, and treatment modalities were assessed with focus on patients’ 5-year overall survival, tumor relapse, and metastases. Results: Soft tissue leiomyosarcoma accounted for 17.5% of all soft tissue sarcomas diagnosed at our pathology department. Most of patients were of advanced age (median: 52 years), with extremes ranging from 12 and 87 years. There was a slight male predominance (sex-ratio = 1.07). Tumors were located mostly in the lower limbs (45%). Deep sites as retroperitoneum was found only in two cases. Tumor size was more than 5 cm in 83% of cases (average size = 9.4 cm). Five cases had metastasis on initial staging. For 24 patients, the disease was locally limited at the moment of diagnosis. Palliative chemotherapy was indicated for four patients and surgery was performed for 20 patients. Local recurrence occurred in 11 patients (55% of operated patients) and metastasis in 6 patients. Overall, 5-year survival was about 24%. Conclusion: Our study results highlight the scarcity of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma. Unfortunately, unusual tumor sites, disease’s advanced stages, and intralesional resection made the prognosis poorer than in other series. Clinical course of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma was highly marked by local recurrence and metastasis.
The Association between the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Risk of Hypomagnesemia in a National Cohort of Veteran Patients with HIV
Authors: Sutton S. Scott , Magagnoli Joseph , Cummings Tammy , Hardin James W. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To examine the risk of hypomagnesemia of HIV-positive patients adherent to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Methods: A cohort study utilizing the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure was conducted on patients with (1) a complete antiretroviral therapy, (2) a serum magnesium measure during the study period, and (3) adherent to PPIs. Statistical analyses evaluated baseline characteristics between cohorts and a Cox proportional hazards model evaluating the association of hypomagnesemia while adjusting for baseline covariates. Results: A total of 6047 patients met the study inclusion criteria, 329 patients in the PPI cohort and 5718 patients in the non-PPI cohort. The stratified Cox proportional hazards model results revealed that the risk of hypomagnesemia for the PPI cohort is 3.16 times higher compared to the non-PPI cohort (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.16, 95% confidence interval = 2.56-3.9). Conclusions: Proton pump inhibitors medication usage in HIV-positive patients is associated with a higher risk of hypomagnesemia compared to non-PPI patients.
The central role of inflammatory signaling in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Sallman David A. , List Alan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In cancer biology, tumor-promoting inflammation and an inflammatory microenvironment play a vital role in disease pathogenesis. In the past decade, aberrant innate immune activation and proinflammatory signaling within the malignant clone and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment were identified as key pathogenic drivers of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In particular, S100A9-mediated NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation directs an inflammatory, lytic form of cell death termed pyroptosis that underlies many of the hallmark features of the disease. This circuit and accompanying release of other danger-associated molecular patterns expands BM myeloid-derived suppressor cells, creating a feed-forward process propagating inflammasome activation. Furthermore, somatic gene mutations of varied functional classes license the NLRP3 inflammasome to generate a common phenotype with excess reactive oxygen species generation, Wnt/β-catenin–induced proliferation, cation flux-induced cell swelling, and caspase-1 activation. Recent investigations have shown that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex has more broad-reaching importance, particularly as a possible disease-specific biomarker for MDS, and, mechanistically, as a driver of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality in individuals with age-related, clonal hematopoiesis. Recognition of the mechanistic role of aberrant innate immune activation in MDS provides a new perspective for therapeutic development that could usher in a novel class of disease-modifying agents.
MDS overlap disorders and diagnostic boundaries
Authors: Tanaka Tiffany N. , Bejar Rafael 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal diseases defined by clinical, morphologic, and genetic features often shared by related myeloid disorders. The diagnostic boundaries between these diseases can be arbitrary and not necessarily reflective of underlying disease biology or outcomes. In practice, measures that distinguish MDS from related disorders may be difficult to quantify and can vary as disease progression occurs. Patients may harbor findings that are not consistent with a single diagnostic category. Several overlap disorders have been formally described, such as the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPNs). These disorders are characterized by hematopoietic dysplasia with increased proliferation of monocytes, neutrophils, or platelets. They may have mutational profiles that distinguish them from the disorders they resemble and reflect important differences in pathophysiology. MDS also shares diagnostic borders with other diseases. For example, aplastic anemia and hypoplastic MDS can be difficult to distinguish in patients with pancytopenia and bone marrow hypocellularity. Genetic features may help in this regard, because they can identify differences in prognosis and risk of progression. The boundary between MDS and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) is arbitrarily defined and has been redefined over the years. Genetic studies have demonstrated that sAML clones can precede clinical progression from MDS by many months, suggesting that MDS with excess blasts could be viewed as an overlap between a dysplastic bone marrow failure syndrome and an oligoblastic leukemia. This review will describe the diagnostic boundaries between MDS, MDS/MPNs, sAML, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance, and aplastic anemia and how genetic approaches may help to better define them.
Aspirin inhibits platelets from reprogramming breast tumor cells and promoting metastasis
Authors: Johnson Kelly E. , Ceglowski Julia R. , Roweth Harvey G. , Forward Jodi A. , Tippy Mason D. , El-Husayni Saleh , Kulenthirarajan Rajesh , Malloy Michael W. , Machlus Kellie R. , Chen Wendy Y. , Italiano Joseph E. , Battinelli Elisabeth M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt is now recognized that compounds released from tumor cells can activate platelets, causing the release of platelet-derived factors into the tumor microenvironment. Several of these factors have been shown to directly promote neovascularization and metastasis, yet how the feedback between platelet releasate and the tumor cell affects metastatic phenotype remains largely unstudied. Here, we identify that breast tumor cells secrete high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8, CXCL8) in response to platelet releasate, which promotes their invasive capacity. Furthermore, we found that platelets activate the Akt pathway in breast tumor cells, and inhibition of this pathway eliminated IL-8 production. We therefore hypothesized inhibiting platelets with aspirin could reverse the prometastatic effects of platelets on tumor cell signaling. Platelets treated with aspirin did not activate the Akt pathway, resulting in reduced IL-8 secretion and impaired tumor cell invasion. Of note, patients with breast cancer receiving aspirin had lower circulating IL-8, and their platelets did not increase tumor cell invasion compared with patients not receiving aspirin. Our data suggest platelets support breast tumor metastasis by inducing tumor cells to secrete IL-8. Our data further support that aspirin acts as an anticancer agent by disrupting the communication between platelets and breast tumor cells.
Praxis makes perfect?
Authors: Bailey Cate 
Published: January 2019

SummaryCate Bailey outlines the origin and goals of the new trainees' section of the BJPsych Bulletin. ‘Praxis’ will involve two components. The first will be clinically inspired and problem based. Trainees will have an opportunity to collaborate with experts from different disciplines to examine how existing literature and knowledge can be applied to practice, with a clinical scenario forming the basis for discussion. The second component will be made up of commissioned or proposed editorial-type articles on subjects which fall broadly under the heading of personal and professional development. This will offer a space for reflection on relevant contemporary topics such as resilience, burnout, supervision, and patient involvement and co-production.Declaration of interestC.B. is editor of the BJPsych Bulletin trainees' section.
Cisplatin, Fluorouracil in Bolus Injection, and Leucovorin in First-Line Therapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer as an Alternative to Protocols With Infusional Fluorouracil
Authors: Coelho Rafael C. , Abreu Pedro D.P. , Monteiro Mariana R. , Stramosk Ana Paula , Garces Alvaro Henrique I. , Melo Andreia Cristina , Graudenz Marcia S. , Andrade Carlos Jose C. 
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Platinum agents and fluoropyrimidines are the main compounds used in the first-line setting for advanced GC. Given the activity of fluorouracil (FU) bolus, the PFL protocol, a chemotherapy regimen combining cisplatin, FU bolus, and leucovorin, was incorporated at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, because this schedule does not require hospitalization or infusion pumps. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of PFL in the first-line setting for patients with advanced GC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating patients with advanced GC treated in the first-line setting with cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and FU bolus 400 mg/m2 plus leucovorin 20 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 every 4 weeks, from January 2008 to December 2014. RESULTS A total of 109 patients were enrolled. The median number of cycles received per patient was four (one to 11). Complete responses were achieved in 6.4% and partial responses in 14.7%. Median progression-free survival was 6.3 months (95% CI, 5.08 to 7.58 months) and median overall survival was 8.3 months (95% CI, 6.79 to 9.87 months). Thirty-four (31.2%) patients were alive in 1 year. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were experienced by 26.6% and 3.7% of patients, respectively, with dose reduction necessary in 9.1%. CONCLUSION PFL is active in advanced GC and could be an alternative for FU continuous infusion protocols in institutions with limited resources and/or low budget, which is the reality in many nations all over the world.
Folic acid modifies the shape of epithelial cells during morphogenesis via a Folr1 and MLCK dependent mechanism
Authors: Martin Jessica B. , Muccioli Maria , Herman Kenneth , Finnell Richard H. , Plageman Timothy F. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Folic acid supplementation can prevent neural tube defects, but the specific molecular mechanisms by which it does have not been elucidated. During neural plate morphogenesis, epithelial cell apical constriction cooperates with other events to drive tissue-bending, and when defective, can result in neural tube defects. A Rho-kinase deficient binding mutant of the apical constriction regulating protein, Shroom3 (Shroom3R1838C), is one of only a handful of mouse mutant lines with neural tube defects that can be rescued by folic acid supplementation. This provided a unique opportunity to probe the functional rescue of a protein linked to neural tube development by folic acid. Utilizing an epithelial cell culture model of apical constriction, it was observed that treatment with exogenous folic acid, as well as co-expression of the folic acid receptor Folr1, can rescue the function of the Rho-kinase binding deficient mutant of Shroom3 in vitro. It was also determined that the rescuing ability of folic acid is RhoA and Rho-kinase independent but myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and Src-kinase dependent. Inhibition of Rho-kinase-dependent apical constriction in chick embryo neural epithelium was also observed to be rescued by exogenous folic acid and that treatment with folic acid is accompanied by elevated activated myosin light chain and MLCK. Furthermore, doubly heterozygous mouse embryos lacking one copy each of Shroom3 and Folr1 exhibit a low rate of neural tube defects and also have lower levels of activated myosin light chain and MLCK. These studies suggest a novel mechanism by which folic acid modifies epithelial cell shape during morphogenesis, shedding light onto how folic acid may prevent neural tube defects.
Multicenter Evaluation of a High-Sensitivity Troponin I Assay and Verification of an Early Rule-Out Algorithm
Authors: Sharrod-Cole Hayley , Ford Clare 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The objectives of this study were to independently evaluate the analytical performance of the STAT high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay on a recently launched and CE-marked integrated chemistry and immunoassay system, confirm acceptable performance of the assay in line with The Third Global MI Task Force recommendations, and confirm suitability of the assay for continued use of an early rule-out algorithm for acute coronary syndrome at our Trust.

Methods
A multicenter evaluation of the analytical performance characteristics of the hs-cTnI assay on the Abbott Alinity ci series was performed in 5 clinical laboratories across Europe. Comparison studies were performed vs the existing Abbott ARCHITECT hs-cTnI assay.

Results
Passing and Bablok regression analysis revealed a slope of 0.99 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–1.00] and an intercept of −0.09 ng/L (95% CI, −0.21–0.11). Intermediate imprecision ranged from 3.7% to 5.4%, 2.6% to 4.5%, and 2.0% to 6.1% at concentrations of 19.1–21.1 ng/L, 196.6–205.5 ng/L, and 15229–16265 ng/L, respectively. There was good concordance between the 2 assays at the early rule-out cutoff.

Conclusion
Comparable analytical performance of the hs-cTnI assay on new Abbott Alinity ci series supports the continued use of the early rule out algorithm for patients with suspected ACS at our Trust.
Current strategy in the treatment of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease
Authors: Vladimirov S. A. , Eliseev M. S. 
Published: January 2019

The paper considers currently available drugs used to treat calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the most widely used drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, glucocorticoids, traditional immunosuppressants, as well as prospects for the use of biologic agents.
TEOLOGI PLURALIS: Studi Living Islam di Dusun Gunung Sari, Sambirejo, Prambanan, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Muzairi Muzairi , Arif Muhammad 
Published: January 2019

Although large-scale religious conflicts such as the Ambon and Poso cases have ended, it does not mean that Indonesia has been able to get out of the danger zone of violence, which is based on religion. One of the latent dangers of religious-based violence can be found in Gunung Sari, Sambirejo, Prambanan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, in which there are three Islamic groups: NU, Muhammadiyah, and Islam-Tawheed. Each group member has a different view, from religious rituals to their social interactions, even physical conflicts have occurred between them. For this reason, we are inte- rested in doing research as well as living there. Based on our research, it was found that no longer true of what Ahmad Salehudin had described in his previous research, today they appreciate religious differences and views about religion among them. Slowly but surely, they have practiced a pluralist theology (living Islam).
Barriers to firm growth in open economies
Authors: Piguillem Facundo , Rubini Loris 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Studies measuring barriers to firm growth assume economies are closed, ignoring information on firm exports. We argue that this information is key to interpreting data and improving the accuracy of model predictions. To do this, we develop a dynamic model with export and domestic barriers. We show theoretically that the closed economy model underestimates barriers and amplifies counterfactuals. By calibrating the model to a set of European countries, we find that the quantitative difference is significant: for example, the closed economy model fails to see that Italian firms are very efficient exporters but poor innovators, and instead concludes that they are mediocre innovators. In terms of predictions, the closed economy model delivers an elasticity of welfare to innovation costs between 31 and 64 percent larger than the open economy model.
Correlates of zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 3 and ghrelin in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes
Authors: AbuZayed Rawan , Bulatova Nailya , Kasabri Violet , Suyagh Maysa , Halaseh Lana , AlAlawi Sundus 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Ghrelin and zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 3 (ZBED3) are distinctively cross linked with prediabetes (preDM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Materials and methods
In a cross-sectional design with 29 normoglycemic MetS and 30 newly diagnosed drug naïve preDM/MetS patients vs. 29 lean and normoglycemic controls; ghrelin and ZBED3 were evaluated using colorimetric enzymatic assays.

Results
While ZBED3 mean circulating levels (ng/mL) in both MetS groups (normoglycemic and preDM) invariably lacked discrepancy vs. controls; Appreciably ghrelin levels (ng/mL) in preDM/MetS (but not normoglycemic MetS) participants were markedly higher vs. controls. Except for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated-hemoglobin (HbA1C); no further intergroup discrepancy could be identified between the MetS arms. Remarkably adiposity indices (body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP), but not conicity index (CI) or visceral adiposity index (VAI)); atherogenicity index of plasma (but not non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C/HDL-C) ratio, or total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio) or any of hematological indices (red cell distribution width (RDW-CV%), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet (PLT) to lymphocyte ratio (PLR)) were substantially higher in both MetS (non- and preDM) groups vs. those of controls. Exceptionally low-density lipoprotein -cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratio, and waist circumference (WC)/hip circumference (HC) ratio were much more pronounced in MetS-preDM vs. normoglycemic MetS recruits. In the MetS pool (both normoglycemic and preDM, n = 58), neither biomarker could relate to each other, or any of clinical parameters, adiposity or atherogenecity indices. Exceptionally ghrelin correlated significantly and inversely with age. ZBED3 correlated significantly and directly with RDW-CV% in the same pool of MetS recruits (n = 59).

Conclusions
Both biomarkers can not be ruled out as putative predictive/surrogate prognostic tools for metabolic anomalies prevention and pharmacotherapy.
Direct Thrust Inverse Control of Aero-Engine Based on Deep Neural Network
Authors: Zheng Qiangang , Du Ziyan , Fu Dawei , Hu Zhongzhi , Zhang Haibo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A novel thrust control method based on inverse control is proposed to improve engine response ability. The On Line Sliding Window Deep Neural Network (OL SW DNN) is proposed and adopted as inverse mapping model modeling method of inverse control. The OL SW DNN has deeper layer structure, which makes the inverse mapping model have stronger fitting capacity for nonlinear object than traditional NN. Moreover, due to adopt on-line learning modeling method, the proposed adaptive control method can obtain desired thrust whether engine degrades or not. The comparison simulations of the traditional control method based on PID and the proposed control method are carried out. Compared with the traditional control method, the proposed control method can obtain desired thrust when the engine degradation occurs, but also has fast response ability (the acceleration times for engine thrust increase to 95 % thrust of acceleration object decreases by 1.35 seconds).
Routine orthostatic LVOT gradient assessment in patients with basal septal hypertrophy and LVOT flow acceleration at rest: please stand up
Authors: Sinclair H. C. , Russhard P. , Critoph C. H. , Steadman C. D. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A 70-year-old female with exertional dyspnoea was found to have basal septal hypertrophy (BSH), or a ‘basal septal bulge’, with evidence of mild left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOT) at rest on her initial echocardiogram. She was usually fit and well with no significant past medical history. She had no history of hypertension. She had never smoked. There was no family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A cardiac MRI did not demonstrate any typical features of HCM. ECG showed sinus tachycardia with a rate of 101 bpm but was otherwise unremarkable. She was referred for exercise echocardiography to assess for latent LVOT obstruction. Prior to commencing exercise, her LVOT gradient was re-assessed at rest. Her LVOT gradients were 30 mmHg at rest, 49 mmHg during Valsalva and 91 mmHg on standing. A diagnosis of significant latent LVOT obstruction was made and the patient was started on bisoprolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker. Bisoprolol was slowly uptitrated from 1.25 mg to 5 mg once daily, following which the patient reported a significant improvement in her symptoms with an improved exercise capacity. Follow-up echocardiography demonstrated a dramatic reduction in LVOT gradient, with a maximum of 11 mmHg assessed both with Valsalva and on standing. This case is a reminder that patients with a ‘common’ basal septal bulge can develop significant LVOT obstruction, the symptoms of which may respond to pharmacological therapy. Orthostatic assessment of LVOT gradient using echocardiography should be considered during standard LVOT obstruction provocation manoeuvres such as a Valsalva.
Kad ugdymas nebūtų vienakojis: dvasingumas kaip svarbi dedamoji
Authors: Kontrimienė Simona 
Published: January 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje atskleidžiama dvasingumo svarba akademiniame diskurse, kuriame raginama siekti mokslo ir dvasingumo sintezės atsisakant klaidingo epistemologinio žemėlapio ir ugdant išskirtines intelektines savybes, bendrai vadinamas dvasiniu intelektu (SQ). Pristatomos dvasingumo sampratos ugdymo moksle – čia dvasingumas dažnai implikuoja autentiškumą, transcendavimą ir susietumą arba kritinį požiūrį kaip atsvarą tradiciniam religingumui bei transracionalias patirtis. Aptariami dvasingumo ugdymo aukštojo mokslo institucijose būdai.