bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA MATERI PECAHAN PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 6 MATARAM
Authors: Inayati Nilna 
Published: March 2019

AbstrakDalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika kelas IV di SD Negeri 6 Mataram, secara umum masih belum maksimal, seperti iklim belajar kurang mendukung dan pembelajaran masih berpusat pada guru. Proses pembelajaran masih didominasi oleh model pembelajaran yang kurang memberi kesempatan kepada siswa untuk belajar mandiri, tujuan pembelajaran hanya berorientasi pada pengembangan aspek kognitif pada peringkat rendah. Pada umumnya guru mengajar berdasarkan teks, tanpa memperhatikan lingkungan dan kebutuhan siswa, guru mendengar dan menstransfer ilmunya, melalui metode ceramah, guru kurang terlatih menggunakan model pembelajaran keterampilan proses. Guru kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk memilih metode pembelajaran yang tepat, guru merasa kesulitan menentukan alat peraga yang mendukung tercapainya penguasaan kompetensi yang ditargetkan sesuai standar isi.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan alat peraga dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas IV SDN 6 Mataram tahun pelajaran 2017 – 2018.Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas IV dengan jumlah siswa 40 orang. Adapun dalam penelitian ini, peneliti akan melaksanakan dua siklus, secara skematis, siklus pembelajaran yang peneliti laksanakan dalam penelitian tindakan kelas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan alat peraga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pada materi pecahan sederhana di kelas IV SDN 6 Mataram. Adapun indikator penelitian ini adalah bila hasil belajar siswa 85 % berhasil mencapai nilai ³ 70.. Pada pra siklus, nilai rata-rata siswa 61,25 dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya hanya 40% dengan kategori rendah. Pada siklus I, mengalami peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 75,25 dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya 77,50 %, namun masih ada siswa sebanyak 22,50% yang belum tuntas. Pada siklus II, Siswa sudah menunjukkan antusias dan keaktifannya dalam belajar , hal ini nampak dari adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas 95,75 dan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100% dengan kategori sangat baik.
ORGAN BAĞIŞI: BİREYLERİN KARARLARINI ETKİLEYEN PSİKOLOJİK FAKTÖRLER
Authors: YAŞIN TEKİZOĞLU Fatma 
Published: March 2019

Organ
bağışı, organ nakli bekleyen hastalar için yaşamsal bir öneme sahiptir. Toplum
tarafından görünüşte desteklense de, aslında gelişmiş ülkelerde dahi organ
bağışında bulunma düzeyi oldukça düşüktür. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada bireylerin
organ bağışında bulunma kararlarını etkileyen psikolojik faktörler
incelenmiştir. İlgili alanyazın incelemeleri sonucunda, söz konusu psikolojik
faktörler bu çalışmada organ bağışını
etkileyen demografik faktörler ve
organ bağışı çalışmalarında yararlanılan
psikoloji kuramları olmak üzere iki başlıkta ele alınmıştır. Din,
bilgi düzeyi, aile ve bireysel farklılıklar organ bağışını etkileyen demografik faktörler
arasında yer almaktadır. Organ bağışı çalışmalarında faydalanılan
sosyal psikoloji kuramlarının ise, Planlı Davranış Kuramı, Akla Dayalı Davranış
Kuramı, Transteoretik Model ve Organ Bağışı Gönüllük Modeli olduğu
gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, alanyazın incelemeleri organ bağışına yönelik
çalışmaların daha çok sağlık alanında yapıldığını ve psikoloji çalışmalarının
çok az sayıda olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada organ bağışını
etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve alanyazındaki eksikliğe dikkat çekilmesi
amaçlanmıştır.
Manual Pedagógico de Ética y Valores con Enfoque Holístico por Proceso
Authors: Morales Susy Grey , Olaya Ana Noblecillas , Montoya Dolores Maribel 
Published: March 2019

Se presentó el estado actual de la problemática de deserción estudiantil en la UNEMI, de Ecuador provocado por la falta de calidad humana de hodogogos frente a los problemas diarios que presentan los estudiantes. El objetivo de este artículo fue demostrar la necesidad de fortalecer la parte humana, los valores de respeto, solidaridad y convivencia. El resultado se expresó a través de un Manual Pedagógico de Ética y Valores con Enfoque Holístico por Proceso Direccionado a los Docentes de la Carrera de Ingeniería Comercial de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico y métodos del nivel empírico, entre los que se destacan: histórico-lógico, análisis y síntesis, observación, entrevistas y el pre-experimento pedagógico para validar la propuesta científica. Como resultado se apreció una mejoría en la calidad de vida de todos y cada uno de las personas que conforman el área del idioma extranjero de la UNEMI mejorando la concepción personal de sí mismos de forma positiva.
El diagnóstico de estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE) para ser incluidos en la educación regular
Authors: Vergara Mirtha Ana , Fernandez Martha Maria 
Published: March 2019

Se presentó el estado actual de la preparación de docentes y directivos del Centro de Estudios Espíritu Santo para realizar el diagnóstico a los estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE). El objetivo de este trabajo fue corroborar el problema de investigación ¿Cómo realizar un diagnóstico que permita incluir a los niños con NEE en la escuela regular en la Unidad Educativa Bilingüe Femenino Espíritu Santo?. El contenido del artículo formó parte de una investigación con la que se opta al título Magíster en Educación mención Inclusión Educativa y Atención a la Diversidad. Se emplearon métodos empíricos como entrevista, encuesta, auxiliados de técnicas como la revisión de documentos y la guía de observación. Se logró como resultado el estado actual del proceso de diagnóstico, de manera que sirvan de referentes para elaborar una propuesta metodológica que guía a los docentes.
El reto del éxito en el emprendimiento en la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Authors: Tellez Anisleydi 
Published: March 2019

La presente investigación abordó la identificación y medición de los factores internos de éxito empresarial. Para la consecución de esta investigación se trazó como objetivo general: diseñar un procedimiento para la identificación y medición de los factores de éxito empresarial.
Los métodos y técnicas aplicados fueron entre otros las encuestas, entrevistas, el trabajo con las fuentes documentales y la consulta a especialistas, así como los propios del nivel teórico y algunos estadísticos.
La novedad del trabajo se manifestó a través de la elaboración de un procedimiento sustentado en las relaciones dialécticas que se establecen entre ingresos y gastos para el incremento sostenido de las utilidades.
Los resultados se concretan en la utilidad del procedimiento como herramienta útil para la identificación y medición de los factores internos de éxito empresarial.
En la presente investigación se demostró la viabilidad del procedimiento elaborado en la determinación de los factores de éxito empresarial en la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Acoso escolar una realidad presente en las instituciones educativas
Authors: Conopoima Yeriny del Carmen 
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo toca una temática de gran trascendencia actual, al estar presente en todos los rincones del mundo, en un ámbito tan importante como lo es el educativo; se trata específicamente, del acoso escolar, el cual puede entenderse como un tipo de violencia, que lleva aparejado, una situación de maltrato que ha captado la atención no solo de educadores y padres y/o representantes, sino también de especialistas de la conducta, que al tener como característica un comportamiento agresivo prolongado, lleva implícito el desgaste psicológico y moral de la víctimas, quienes ven afectados su dinámica relacional en la escuela y su buen desempeño académico, además de constituirse en un atentado a los derechos humanos. El acoso escolar conocido también como bullying, se verifica en forma de maltrato psicológico, verbal o físico, a lo que se agrega, el empleo de las nuevas tecnologías. Esta violencia se produce generalmente en el aula de clase, áreas de juegos o deportivas del plantel, propagándose hasta los hogares de los afectados.
Palabras clave: Acoso Escolar, Instituciones Educativas, Violencia Escolar
Stars behind Bars II: A Cosmological Formation Scenario for the Milky Way’s Central Stellar Structure
Authors: Buck Tobias , Ness Melissa , Obreja Aura , Macciò Andrea V. , Dutton Aaron A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The stellar populations in the inner kiloparsecs of the Milky Way (MW) show complex kinematical and chemical structures. The origin and evolution of these structures are still under debate. Here we study the central region of a fully cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of a disk galaxy that reproduces key properties of the inner kiloparsecs of the MW: it has a boxy morphology and shows an overall rotation and dispersion profile in agreement with observations. We use a clustering algorithm on stellar kinematics to identify a number of discrete kinematic components: a high- and low-spin disk, a stellar halo, and two bulge components, one fast-rotating and one slow-rotating. We focus on the two bulge components and show that the slow-rotating one is spherically symmetric while the fast-rotating component shows a boxy/peanut morphology. Although the two bulge components are kinematically discrete populations at present day, they are both mostly formed over similar timescales, from disk material. We find that stellar particles with lower initial birth angular momentum (most likely thick-disk stars) end up in the slow-rotating low-spin bulge, while stars with higher birth angular momentum (most likely thin-disk stars) are found in the high-spin bulge. This has the important consequence that a bulge population with a spheroidal morphology does not necessarily indicate a merger origin. In fact, we do find that only ∼2.3% of the stars in the bulge components are ex situ stars brought in by accreted dwarf galaxies early on. We identify these ex situ stars as the oldest and most metal-poor stars on highly radial orbits with large vertical excursions from the disk.
A Hubble Space Telescope Survey for Novae in the Globular Clusters of M87∗
Authors: Doyle Trisha F. , Shara Michael M. , Lessing Alec M. , Zurek David 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The giant elliptical galaxy M87 has been imaged over 30 consecutive days in 2001, 60 consecutive days in 2005–2006, and every 5 days over a 265-day span in 2016–2017 with the Hubble Space Telescope, leading to the detection of 137 classical novae throughout M87. We have identified 2134 globular clusters (GC) in M87 in these images and carried out searches of the clusters for classical novae erupting in or near them. One GC CN was detected in the 2001 data, while zero novae were found during the 2005–2006 observations. Four candidate GC novae were (barely) detected in visible light during the 2016–2017 observations, but none of the four were seen in near-ultraviolet light, leading us to reject them. Combining these results with our detection of one M87 GC nova out of a total of 137 detected CN, we conclude that such novae may be overabundant relative to the field, but small number statistics dominate this and all other searches. A definitive determination of GC CN overabundance (or not) will require much larger samples, which LSST should provide in the coming decade.
An Application of Flipped Classroom in Mathematics Teacher Education Programme
Authors: Umam Khoerul , Nusantara Toto , Parta I Nengah , Hidayanto Erry , Mulyono Herri 
Published: March 2019

<span lang="EN-GB">A body of literature has suggested the benefits of flipped classrooms in mathematics learning at university. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the benefits in the context of mathematics teacher education programme. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a flipped classroom application in a mathematics teacher education programme at a private university in Indonesia. A total of thirty-one pre-service teachers participated in the study. Multiple data collection methods were employed including observation, written journals and tests. The data were then analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings showed that flipped classroom promotes independent learning, with the type of classroom encouraging students to work together with other peers and improved learning awareness. However, some challenges were highlighted in flipped classroom application such as technical issues, editing recording skills, and it was time consuming. Recommendations are offered in reference with the findings. </span>
Epithelial Expression of an Interstitial Lung Disease–Associated Mutation in Surfactant Protein-C Modulates Recruitment and Activation of Key Myeloid Cell Populations in Mice
Authors: Venosa Alessandro , Katzen Jeremy , Tomer Yaniv , Kopp Meghan , Jamil Sarita , Russo Scott J. , Mulugeta Surafel , Beers Michael F. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) often experience precipitous deteriorations, termed “acute exacerbations” (AE), marked by diffuse alveolitis and altered gas exchange, resulting in a significant loss of lung function or mortality. The missense isoleucine to threonine substitution at position 73 (I73T) in the alveolar type 2 cell-restricted surfactant protein-C (SP-C) gene (SFTPC) has been linked to clinical IPF. To better understand the sequence of events that impact AE-IPF, we leveraged a murine model of inducible SP-CI73T (SP-CI73T/I73TFlp+/−) expression. Following administration of tamoxifen to 8–12-wk-old mice, an upregulation of SftpcI73T initiated a diffuse lung injury marked by increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein and histochemical evidence of CD45+ and CD11b+ cell infiltrates. Flow cytometry of collagenase-digested lung cells revealed a transient, early reduction in SiglecFhiCD11blowCD64hiCD11chi macrophages, countered by the sequential accumulation of SiglecFloCD11b+CD64−CD11c−CCR2+Ly6C+ immature macrophages (3 d), Ly6G+ neutrophils (7 d), and SiglecFhiCD11bhiCD11clo eosinophils (2 wk). By mRNA analysis, BALF cells demonstrated a time-dependent phenotypic shift from a proinflammatory (3 d) to an anti-inflammatory/profibrotic activation state, along with serial elaboration of monocyte and eosinophil recruitment factors. The i.v. administration of clodronate effectively reduced total BALF cell numbers, CCR2+ immature macrophages, and eosinophil influx while improving survival. In contrast, resident macrophage depletion from the intratracheal delivery of clodronate liposomes enhanced SftpcI73T-induced mortality. These results using SftpcI73T mice provide a detailed ontogeny for AE-IPF driven by alveolar epithelial dysfunction that induces a polycellular inflammation initiated by the early influx of proinflammatory CCR2+Ly6Chi immature macrophages.
Verificação da integração entre o Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) e o Cadastro Nacional de Imóveis Rurais (CNIR) sob a ótica do cadastro territorial multifinalitário
Authors: Oliveira Luciana De , Oliveira Francisco Henrique 
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a integração do Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) com a Lei de ‘Georreferenciamento de Imóveis Rurais’ (Lei 10.267/2001) por meio da comparação entre os limites dos objetos de interesse disponíveis nas duas bases de dados. O CAR foi criado a partirdo novo Código Florestal (Lei 12.651/2012) e constitui-se numa base de dados georreferenciada sobre áreas florestais das propriedades rurais, com enfoque à preservação dos recursos florestais brasileiros no ambiente rural. O CAR tem demonstrado fragilidades em sua metodologia para levantamento geométrico dos limites a serem declarados, divulgando dados alarmantes a respeito de sobreposição de áreas. O resultado amostral da avaliação caracteriza que há diferenças conceituais sobre os objetos de interesse em cada banco de dados, gerido pelos seus respectivos órgãos, e ainda demonstram-se incongruências geométricas nos mapeamentos dos limites das propriedades e/ou parcelas.
Tom Petty’s Southern Accents
Authors: Washburn Michael 
Published: March 2019

By 1985 Tom Petty had already obtained legendary status. He had fame. He had money. But he was restless, hoping to stretch his artistry beyond the confining format of songs like “The Waiting” and “Refugee.” Petty’s response to his restlessness was Southern Accents. Initially conceived as a concept album about the American South, Southern Accents’s marathon recording sessions were marred by aesthetic and narcotic excess. The result is a hodgepodge of classic rock songs mixed with nearly unlistenable 80s music. Then, while touring for the album, Petty made extensive use of the iconography of the American Confederacy, something he soon came to regret. Despite its artistic failure and public controversy, Southern Accents was a pivot point for Petty. Reeling from the defeat, Petty reimagined himself as deeply, almost mythically, Californian, obtaining his biggest success with Full Moon Fever.
Michael Washburn explores the history of Southern Accents and how it sparked Petty’s reinvention. Washburn also examines how the record both grew out of and reinforced enduring but flawed assumptions about Southern culture and the Lost Cause of the Confederacy
Mycorrhizae: a key interaction for conservation of two endangered Magnolias from Andean forests
Authors: Serna-González Marcela , Urrego-Giraldo Ligia E. , Osorio Nelson Walter , Valencia-Ríos Diego 
Published: March 2019

Background and aims – Magnolia species are highly endangered in neotropical forests where they are highly endemic and often very rare. However, little is known about their nutritional and soil conditions in natural forests. In this study, we focused on two endangered Magnolia species that cohabit in the Colombian Andean cloud forests in order to identify their conservation and nutritional status. We hypothesize that these species might exhibit mycorrhizal colonization that enhance nutrients uptake in poor and disturbed soils. Methods – Individuals of Magnolia jardinensis and M. yarumalensis were assessed in 11 000 m2 of Andean forests remnants from Jardín municipality (Antioquia, Colombia). Foliar and soil samples were analysed in the lab. Through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) we identified the relationship between soil conditions and foliar nutrition. Root fragments and rhizosphere samples from seedlings and juveniles up to 3 m tall were collected to verify mycorrhizal colonization and presence of other microorganisms. Adults were excluded of the sampling due to the difficulties to differentiate their roots among the rest of the species in the forest fragments. Key results – The surveys show that the M. yarumalensis population has an inverted J-shaped diametric distribution suggesting a potential recovering population while the smaller overall distribution of M. jardinensis in all diametric categories suggests that this species is likely to become extinct. Both species grow in acidic, infertile soils, although foliar nutrient concentrations did not correlate with soil-nutrient availability. Such a discrepancy and the high colonization levels of mycorrhizae (60–70%) and dark septate endophytes (40–45%), suggest that plant-microorganisms may facilitate nutrition and enhance survival of Magnolia species in stressed environments. Other fungi and bacteria were also found in their rhizosphere, but their role with respect to Magnolia species remains unclear.Conclusions - Mycorrhizal colonization of endangered Magnolia species seems to play a key role to their performance in natural disturbed Andean forests. Aspects related to soil and rhizosphere ecology should be included in conservation projects for endangered and endemic plants.
Floral resource availability of Dicliptera squarrosa (Acanthaceae) and its dependence on hummingbirds for fruit formation in a forest fragment of Central Brazil
Authors: Matias Raphael , Furtado Marco Túlio , Rodrigues Silvia B. , Consolaro Hélder 
Published: March 2019

Background and aims – Hummingbirds are dependent and specialized on nectar-feeding, and many plants depend upon them for pollination. However, the degree of plant-pollinator interdependence varies greatly among species; thus, information on plant mating systems and availability of resources may help to clarify the dependence of interacting organisms. The goals of this study were to (1) quantify the floral resource available during the flowering of Dicliptera squarrosa Nees for comparison with other co-flowering ornithophilous species, and to (2) determine the importance of floral visitors for the reproductive success of this plant.Methods – Data collection was performed in a forest fragment within the urban perimeter of Catalão, Goiás, from September 2012 to August 2013. We investigated the flowering phenology, floral biology, nectar characteristics, flower visitors and mating systems of D. squarrosa. Additionally, we evaluated the amount of floral resource offered (number of flowers and energy in joules) by co-flowering ornithophilous species within an area of 6000 m2 for comparison with D. squarrosa.Key results – Dicliptera squarrosa presents flowers adapted to pollination by hummingbirds, which act as the sole pollinator group for flowers of this species. Flowering occurs from June to September and is synchronous with five other co-flowering species. During the months between July and September, D. squarrosa is the main food source for hummingbirds in the area, offering more floral resources than all of the other five ornithophilous species together. Plants of this species are self-compatible, but they depend on hummingbirds to transfer pollen; levels of autonomous autogamy were low.Conclusions – We suggest that D. squarrosa is an important species for maintaining hummingbirds in the forest fragment due to its high production of nectar resources. In addition, data on floral biology, flower visitors, and mating systems showed the importance of hummingbirds for reproduction of D. squarrosa, suggesting a mutualistic interaction between plant and hummingbirds.
Uterine sarcomas: clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes – a single centre’s experience
Authors: Erdem Baki , Besimoğlu Berhan , Yıldırım Işıl Şafak , Özaydın İpek yıldız , Bal Tuncay , Akbayır Özgür , Ülker Volkan 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionThe purpose of the present study is to evaluate the clinical presentation, histopathologic pattern and outcome of uterine sarcomas in a single institution of gynaecological oncology.Material and methodsThe database of the Gynecologic Oncology Department of the hospital was used to identify patients diagnosed with pathological uterine sarcoma treated between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2015. We collected clinicopathological data to evaluate factors that are important for overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 54 cases were included in the analysis: 25 uterine leiomyosarcomas (LMS), 19 carcinosarcomas (CS) and nine endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS). The mean age was 53.8 years for LMS, 62.1 years for CS. Disease recurrence occurred in 13 (24.0%) patients. The recurrent disease occurred in the pelvis in nine patients, but it was characterised by distant metastases (liver or mediastinal lymph nodes) in the other four patients Having had a lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for CS and advanced stage for LMS were the only factors for which a significant difference in OS was observed (p = 0.035, p = 0.006 and p = 0.04, respectively). In contrast, for CS, only not having adjuvant chemotherapy showed a significant association with poor disease free survival.ConclusionsLymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy had a significant impact on OS for CS, and advanced stage was the only independent predictor of OS for LMS.