bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase transition and metallization of semiconductor GeSe at high pressure
Authors: Luo Yuhua , Wu Min , Wu Ye , Wang Kai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the past few decades, semiconductor materials of the group IV–VI monochalcogenides have attracted considerable interest from researchers due to their rich structural characteristics and excellent physical properties. Among them, GeS, GeSe, SnS, and SnSe crystallize in an orthorhombic structure (Pbnm) at ambient conditions. It has been reported that GeS, SnS, and SnSe transform into a higher symmetry orthorhombic structure (Cmcm) at high pressure, while the phase transformation route of GeSe at high pressure remains controversial. As an IV–VI monochalcogenide, GeSe possesses excellent application prospects and has been extensively studied in the fields of optoelectronic and thermoelectric. Here we systematically investigate the structural behavior, optical and electrical properties of GeSe at high pressure. GeSe undergoes a phase transition from the Pbnm to Cmcm phase at 33.5 GPa, like isostructural GeS, SnS, and SnSe. The optical bandgap of GeSe decreases gradually as pressure increases and undergoes a semiconducting to metallic transition above 12 GPa. This study exhibits a high-pressure strategy for modulating structural behavior, optical and electrical properties of the group IV–VI monochalcogenides to expand its prospects in optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties.
Gecko-inspired adhesion enhanced by electroadhesive forces
Authors: Tan Lihaoya , Lee Loong Yi , Kulykov Alex , Rossiter Jonathan , Conn Andrew T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Soft robotic manipulators have been increasingly adopted over the last decade due to their passive conformation to the shapes of objects, which can reduce control complexity. The performance of these grippers can be improved using flexible adhesive skins that increase tactile gripping forces, which is particularly important when grasping delicate objects and flexible substrates that are otherwise difficult to manipulate. In this work, we investigate how passive gecko-inspired fibrillar adhesion can be augmented by actively controlled electroadhesion (EA). The passive gecko-inspired skin (GS) enables adhesion with no power consumption while EA is controlled with an applied voltage. We have shown how the microstructures in a gecko-inspired adhesive skin affect EA by using numerical simulation to quantify how they influence the localized EA field strength. The results show that the microstructures cause a highly non-uniform distribution of electric field strength generate and hence the EA force distribution is inhomogeneous. Overall, it was found that the dielectric properties of the gecko-inspired skin reduce the magnitude of field intensity on the adhesive contact surface by only 2.1% at 3 kV. It is experimentally determined that when compared with GS alone, EA with gecko-inspired skin increases the shear force by 66.8% and the normal force by 53.7% with an applied voltage of 4 kV. It is shown that the gecko skin’s adhesion force is enhanced by increased engagement of the fibrillar microstructure to object surfaces due to EA. The increased contact engagement is experimentally demonstrated using frustrated total internal reflection imaging. This work shows that electroadhesive-enhanced gecko-inspired skin generates a greater adhesive force than the sum of forces from the separate gecko-inspired skin and EA. In this way, electrically controllable and passive adhesion mechanisms can be combined to improve the handling of flexible and delicate objects with smooth or rough surfaces.
Ultrafast imaging of laser-induced modifications in planar targets via single-shot in-line holography
Authors: Altenkirch Richard , Peltz Christian , Böttcher Tom , Lochbrunner Stefan , Fennel Franziska , Fennel Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a holographic single-shot coherent diffractive imaging method based on in-line holography that allows the ultrafast characterization of 2D transmission maps of semi-transparent planar targets such as foils in amplitude and phase. Holographic information is obtained from the interference of the transmitted primary beam with the fields scattered from the modified or unknown target regions. A specialized iterative phase retrieval is used to incorporate the holographic nature of the approach and to accelerate and improve convergence. The achievable quality and reproducibility of the reconstructed transmission maps as well as optimal setup parameters are investigated using realistic pre-characterized reference targets. We used non-circular laser-induced hole structures in 30 nm thin gold foils that represent the final state of a laser modification and show that the far field error of the reconstructed diffraction images can be used to estimate and optimize the reconstruction quality in the object plane in order to obtain accurate and reproducible transmission maps. Our results mark the important first step towards the full spatio-temporal analysis of all stages of laser material modification or laser ablation in two-color pump probe experiments, including plasma formation, equilibration, and expansion.
Integrating theoretical and experimental approaches to unveil the mechanical properties of CuSbSe2 thin films
Authors: Surucu Ozge , Gencer Aysenur , Usanmaz Demet , Parlak Mehmet , Surucu Gokhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An exhaustive investigation of the mechanical characteristics of CuSbSe2 thin films is conducted in this study by combining experimental nanoindentation methods with theoretical simulations. The Ab-initio Molecular Dynamics (AIMD) calculations are performed with the machine learning (ML) force fields. By employing the Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP) based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), theoretical inquiries are carried out to identify crucial parameters, such as bonding characteristics, elastic constants, hardness, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio. Experimental validation is conducted using nanoindentation to investigate load-dependent hardness and Young’s modulus in a manner that closely matches the theorized predictions. The anomalies between experimental and theoretical outcomes are ascribed to anisotropic behavior and grain boundaries. Furthermore, an investigation is conducted into the directional dependence of sound wave velocities in the CuSbSe2 films, leading to the revelation of intricate elastic property details. By employing an integrated theoretical-experimental approach, the present attempt not only increases the knowledge concerning CuSbSe2 films but also fortifies the relationship between theory and experiment, thereby bolstering the dependability of our results. The insights provided as a result of this paper facilitate the development of CuSbSe2 film applications in a variety of technological fields in the future.
Generation and enhancement of sum sideband in a magnon Kerr nonlinearity assisted optomechanical system
Authors: Liao Qing-Hong , Tang Zhi-An , Ao Jia-Wen , Nie Wen-Jie , Song Meng-Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A theoretical scheme to enhance the sum sideband generation (SSG) via magnon Kerr nonlinearity assisted optomechanical system is proposed. In this scheme, the yttrium iron garnet sphere is placed within the cavity system and the frequency components are generated at the sum sideband through optomechanical nonlinear interaction and cavity-magnon linear coupling interaction. The results show that the efficiency of SSG can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude, and the gain in SSG efficiency also varies. The dependence of SSG on the system parameters, including the power of the control field, the frequency detuning of the probe fields and the coupling strengths between the optomechanical coupling and the cavity-magnon coupling is analyzed in detail. The change of SSG by varying the optomechanical coupling strength and cavity-magnon coupling strength is also investigated, and it is found that new matching conditions are generated. The enhanced SSG method may have potential application prospects in realizing the measurement of high-precision weak forces, quantum information processing and quantum-sensitive sensing.
Pressure-induced superconductivity and phase transition in PbSe and PbTe
Authors: Jiang 江 Yuyang 宇阳 , Pei 裴 Cuiying 翠颖 , Wang 王 Qi 琦 , Wu 吴 Juefei 珏霏 , Zhang 张 Lili 丽丽 , Xiong 熊 Chao 超 , Qi 齐 Yanpeng 彦鹏 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The IV–VI semiconducting chalcogenides are a large material family with distinct physical behavior. Here, we systematically investigate the effect of pressure on the electronic and crystal structures of PbSe and PbTe by combining high-pressure electrical transport and synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The resistivity of PbSe and PbTe changes dramatically under high pressure and a non-monotonic evolution of ρ(T) is observed. Both PbSe and PbTe are found to undergo semiconductor–metal transition upon compression and show superconductivity under higher pressure. The structural evolutions from the

F
m

3
¯

m

to Pnma phase and then to the

P
m

3
¯

m

phase in PbSe are verified by the x-ray diffraction. The present findings reveal the internal correlation between the structural evolution and the physical properties in lead chalcogenides.
Ultrafast reconfigurable direct charge trapping devices based on few-layer MoS2
Authors: Gao 高 Hui 辉 , Liu 刘 Xuanye 轩冶 , Song 宋 Peng 鹏 , Wei 尉 Chijun 驰俊 , Jiazila 努 Nuertai 尔泰⋅加孜拉 , Sun 孙 Jiequn 杰群 , Wu 吴 Kang 康 , Guo 郭 Hui 辉 , Yang 杨 Haitao 海涛 , Bao 鲍 Lihong 丽宏 , Gao 高 Hong-Jun 鸿钧 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Charge trapping devices incorporating 2D materials and high-κ dielectrics have emerged as promising candidates for compact, multifunctional memory devices compatible with silicon-based manufacturing processes. However, traditional charge trapping devices encounter bottlenecks including complex device structure and low operation speed. Here, we demonstrate an ultrafast reconfigurable direct charge trapping device utilizing only a 30 nm-thick Al2O3 trapping layer with a MoS2 channel, where charge traps reside within the Al2O3 bulk confirmed by transfer curves with different gate-voltage sweeping rates and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The direct charging tapping device shows exceptional memory performance in both three-terminal and two-terminal operation modes characterized by ultrafast three-terminal operation speed (∼300 ns), an extremely low OFF current of 10−14 A, a high ON/OFF current ratio of up to 107, and stable retention and endurance properties. Furthermore, the device with a simple symmetrical structure exhibits V
D polarity-dependent reverse rectification behavior in the high resistance state (HRS), with a rectification ratio of 105. Additionally, utilizing the synergistic modulation of the conductance of the MoS2 channel by V
D and V
G, it achieves gate-tunable reverse rectifier and ternary logic capabilities.
Patient-specific visual neglect severity estimation for stroke patients with neglect using EEG
Authors: Kocanaogullari Deniz , Gall Richard , Mak Jennifer , Huang Xiaofei , Mullen Katie , Ostadabbas Sarah , Wittenberg George F , Grattan Emily S , Akcakaya Murat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective. We aim to assess the severity of spatial neglect (SN) through detailing patients’ field of view (FOV) using EEG. Spatial neglect, a prevalent neurological syndrome in stroke patients, typically results from unilateral brain injuries, leading to inattention to the contralesional space. Commonly used Neglect detection methods like the Behavioral Inattention Test—conventional lack the capability to assess the full extent and severity of neglect. Although the Catherine Bergego Scale provides valuable clinical information, it does not detail the specific FOV affected in neglect patients. Approach. Building on our previously developed EEG-based brain–computer interface system, AR-guided EEG-based neglect detection, assessment, and rehabilitation system (AREEN), we aim to map neglect severity across a patient’s FOV. We have demonstrated that AREEN can assess neglect severity in a patient-agnostic manner. However, its effectiveness in patient-specific scenarios, which is crucial for creating a generalizable plug-and-play system, remains unexplored. This paper introduces a novel EEG-based combined spatio-temporal network (ESTNet) that processes both time and frequency domain data to capture essential frequency band information associated with SN. We also propose a FOV correction system using Bayesian fusion, leveraging AREEN’s recorded response times for enhanced accuracy by addressing noisy labels within the dataset. Main results. Extensive testing of ESTNet on our proprietary dataset has demonstrated its superiority over benchmark methods, achieving 79.62% accuracy, 76.71% sensitivity, and 86.36% specificity. Additionally, we provide saliency maps to enhance model explainability and establish clinical correlations. Significance. These findings underscore ESTNet’s potential combined with Bayesian fusion-based FOV correction as an effective tool for generalized neglect assessment in clinical settings.
A universal target plate design scheme for stellarators: theoretical basis and its application to heat load control
Authors: Liu B. , Kawamura G. , Dai S.Y. , Xu Y. , Suzuki Y. , Shimizu A. , Frerichs H. , Feng Y. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study introduces a novel divertor target design scheme for stellarators, grounded in mathematical treatments and tailored to control of toroidal heat load distributions. Initially, a differential equation characterizing toroidally uniform heat load distribution has been formulated in a two-dimensional (2D) slab configuration, and its analytic solution has been obtained. Subsequently, a numerical scheme has been developed to adapt the analytic solution into the 3D surface shape of stellarator target. The effectiveness of this design scheme has been validated through simulations of the Chinese First Quasi-axisymmetric Stellarator (CFQS) using a suite of codes including HINT, FLARE and EMC3-EIRENE, where a toroidally uniform heat load distribution has been achieved with an island configuration. Further, the effects of input parameters on the target shape and heat load distribution have been studied. The robustness of the designed target has been investigated by simulation results with varying magnetic island configurations, confirming that the toroidal uniformity of heat load distribution is insensitive to changes in island configurations. Moreover, the designed target has been assessed with gas puffing of neon, which shows that neon injections effectively reduce the heat loads without altering the toroidal uniformity of heat load distributions. The proposed scheme highlights the importance of theoretical and mathematical foundations of target design, offering an advantageous alternative/complement to traditional schemes.
Cost and Efficiency analysis of the Secondary electric machine in a CRAFT wind turbine
Authors: Robertsson A C , Nordin E , Simonsson I , Bernhoff H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Floating offshore wind turbines are ideal for deeper waters, providing access to stronger and more stable winds. The Counter-Rotating Axis Floating Tilting (CRAFT) turbine features a unique design with two counter-rotating turbines on a tilted vertical shaft and two independent electrical machines submerged below sea level. The primary generator, connected to both turbines, includes counter-rotation which doubles the relative torque, while the secondary machine controls the upper turbine.
This study examines the impact of primary and secondary machine efficiency on electricity generation. The findings indicate that the primary generator’s efficiency is crucial for system stability, whereas the secondary machine’s efficiency is less critical. Reducing the secondary machine’s efficiency from 97% to 83% resulted in a 0.1% reduction in annual electricity generation. Despite the asynchronous machine’s lower efficiency, it is the economically favorable choice as the secondary machine over its synchronous counterpart due to its reduced design complexity and lower magnet costs, leading to lower overall expenses.
Future research investigate how turbulent flow effects and airflow interactions between the turbines influences the model. Incorporating the cooling factor, a more comprehensive cost model and a refined dynamic stall model will also further improve the simulation’s accuracy and robustness.
IEA Wind Task 49: Reference Site Conditions for Floating Wind Arrays
Authors: Creane Shauna , Santos Pedro , Kölle Konstanze , Ecenarro Diaz-Tejeiro Laura , Zouaoui Aimen , Airoldi Davide , Bakhoday-Paskyabi Mostafa , Biglu Michael , Brown William , Frøyd Lars , Li Lin , Cheynet Etienne , Hagerman George , Hall Matthew , Kim Yong-Yook , Guo Larsén Xiaoli , Musialik Mateusz , Park Miho , Tronfeldt Sørensen Jacob , Tanemoto Jun , You Young-Jae 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The commercial-scale deployment of floating offshore wind (FOW) projects is expected to take place in a diverse range of sites that may differ significantly from existing fixed-bottom projects. FOW farms are particularly sensitive to the water depth and the meteorological and oceanographic (metocean) and geotechnical conditions at the project site due to the wave-induced system motions and loads as well as the anchoring system constraints imposed by the seafloor conditions. Uncertainty around the site conditions will permeate through all aspects of project design, leading to suboptimal and overly conservative designs, increased costs, and adversely affected performance. As FOW expands into a global industry, metocean and geotechnical conditions will increasingly vary for projects located in different geographic regions or in far-from-shore, deep-water sites. This study represents the outputs of work package 1 of International Energy Agency Wind Task 49, which focuses on the integrated design of floating wind arrays. The primary goal of this study is to establish the type of parameters and constraints required to characterize FOW array reference sites; provide a realistic and publicly available set of reference site conditions to the FOW community as a baseline set of data for individual research projects; identify and categorize any critical gaps in the existing data or methodologies required to define reference site characteristics; and inform and support the design of reference FOW arrays. A building block concept was developed for synthesizing reference sites for the design of FOW arrays. The building blocks include three classes of site conditions focusing on the techno-economic design of FOW projects: metocean conditions, seabed conditions, and coastal infrastructure. All reference site data produced and collected in this study are publicly available.
Insights in wind field reconstruction from two nacelles’ LiDAR in the same offshore wind farm
Authors: Marini Rebeca , Vratsinis Konstantinos , Daems Pieter-Jan , Verstraeten Timothy , Helsen Jan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The global rise in offshore wind farms underscores the need to cut costs and optimise energy production. As turbines increase in size and wind farms become more concentrated, mitigating downstream wake effects is crucial for operational efficiency. LiDAR technology, offering advantages like eliminating the need for meteorology masts, has been extensively discussed in the literature. However, it indirectly measures wind parameters, relying on assumptions and embedded algorithms. Wind field reconstruction (WFR) methods empower users with more control over LiDAR measurements, allowing tailored flow assumptions and parameter estimation. Using LiDAR data from two sequential campaigns at a wind farm, our research analyses LiDAR performance validated with SCADA measurements and applies WFR for wind field parameters estimation. Comparative analyses of wind parameters from different sources, particularly downstream turbines, demonstrate the robustness of WFR. The reconstructed wind field is compared with SCADA data for a comprehensive assessment.
Daylight Considerations for Offshore Wind Operations and Maintenance
Authors: Donnelly Orla , Carroll James 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The cost associated with operations and maintenance (O&M) for offshore wind is a cost that developers and operators are striving to reduce in order to reduce the overall Levelised Cost of Energy. Improving accessibility and increasing time based availability of wind turbines can guarantee these reductions. To increase time based availability , some wind farms utilise night shift work to reduce downtime for turbines. Previous studies revealed cost reductions using this method but are strictly based on North Sea wind farms. This paper investigates the impact daylight hours have on the O&M costs for an offshore wind farm depending on location. Using an O&M model, three maintenance strategies are simulated and their associated O&M costs are found: ‘Daylight Limited’, ‘Daylight Not Limited’ and ‘Night Shift’. Three case studies are chosen: North Sea, USA and Australia. The operational costs for the North Sea were reduced by £32.74/MWhr with the introduction of the night shift. With increased daylight, the US site saw a smaller reduction in operational costs of £3.48/MWhr using the night shift. However, the Australian site was negatively impacted when adopting a night shift strategy as operational costs increased by £3.19/MWhr. The study considers, if there are reductions in cost through night shift, is it worth the trade-of the industry makes for health and safety of technicians who work at night.
CFD analysis of droplet impact pressure for prediction of rain erosion of wind turbine blades
Authors: Edirisinghe Dylan S. , Zambrano M. Lilibeth A. , Tobin Edmond , Vashishtha Ashish 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rain erosion is a prominent issue in Offshore Wind Turbines (OWT) with wind farms experiencing heavy and frequent rainfall compared to onshore conditions. A simplified Springer model is used widely by industries to predict erosion initiation in composite materials and has been under various recent investigations to improve its predictability of rain erosion. However, the Springer model uses the modified water hammer equation to compute impact pressure, and it does not consider the impact of droplet sizes. This Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) study is motivated to develop an understanding of the effect of droplet sizes on impact pressure while discussing impact behaviour in detail. Simulations were conducted for droplet diameters ranging between 1 to 5 mm with an impact speed of 100 m/s. The results show that the water droplets slightly deform just before the impact, delaying the impact time due to the pressurised air layer in between the droplet and substrate. During this delay period, the impact pressure was significantly increased to reach the maximum impact pressure. Maximum impact pressure was found to increase with the droplet size, due to high air volume displacement whereas, this phenomenon is not accounted for in pressure estimation in the Springer model. In conclusion, the larger droplets were observed to impose higher pressure on the blade’s coating than the smaller droplets, which can lead to high erosion levels.