bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Approach of Buongiorno's Law and Darcy–Forchheimer Theory Using Artificial Neural Networks: Modeling Convective Transport in Al2O3‐EO Mono‐Nanofluid Around a Riga Wedge in Porous Medium
Authors: Shafiq Anum , Çolak Andaç Batur , Sindhu Tabassum Naz 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe inspiration for this study originates from a recognized research gap within the broader collection of studies on nanofluids, with a specific focus on their interactions with different surfaces and boundary conditions (BCs). The primary purpose of this research is to use an artificial neural network to examine the combination of Alumina‐Engine oil‐based nanofluid flow subject to electro‐magnetohydrodynamic effects, within a porous medium, and over a stretching surface with an impermeable structure under convective BCs. The flow model incorporates Thermophoresis and Brownian motion directly from Buongiorno's model. Accounting for the porous medium's effect, the model integrates the Forchheimer number (depicting local inertia) and the porosity factor developed in response to the presence of the porous medium. The conversion of governing equations into non‐linear ordinary differential systems is achieved by implementing transformations. A highly non‐linear ordinary differential system's final system is solved using a numerical scheme (Runge–Kutta fourth‐order). Findings indicate that the porosity factor positively impacts the skin friction and the momentum boundary layer. The influence suggests an increment in the frictional force and a decline in the velocity profile. The volume fraction, Prandtl number, and magnetic number significantly impact the flow profiles. The skin friction data is tabulated with some physical justifications.
Changes in Postharvest Quality and Physiological Attributes of Strawberry Fruits Influenced by L‐Phenylalanine
Authors: Manda‐Hakki Karim , Hassanpour Hamid 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTStrawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is a popular fruit with rich nutrients and a delicious taste. But this fruit is very vulnerable to diseases and decay. Therefore, L‐phenylalanine (Phe) (0, 4, 8 mM) was considered to improve biochemical characteristics and activity of antioxidant enzymes in strawberry fruit cv. Sabrina under cold storage (5, 10, 15 days). After treatment and storage, traits including weight loss, total phenol (TP), antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid, total anthocyanin (TA), total flavonoid (TF), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein content and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) were evaluated at 5‐day intervals. Our findings showed that the treatment of L‐phenylalanine in different concentrations prevented the weight loss of the fruit compared to the control and maintained and increased TP, antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid, TA, TF, soluble protein and SOD, CAT, APX, POD, and PAL enzymes activity. Also, Phe decreased the MDA content and peroxidation of lipid. The results showed that 4 mM Phe is the best treatment for improving phytochemical characteristics and maintaining fruit quality. The findings indicated that Phe treatment may be useful to improve quality and increase postharvest shelf life in strawberry fruits.
Departures and Arrivals: On the Importance of Researching Dangerously
Authors: Breeden Roshaunda L. , Porter Christa J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe begin the last article of this special issue by contextualizing the current landscape of higher education, in 2024. Then, employing a kitchen table dialogue approach, we summarize the diverse articles featured throughout this edition, shedding light on insights that stir both our spirits and intellect. Further, we delve into three key themes that were consistently raised by authors, underscoring the urgency of researching dangerously. Lastly, we conclude with a call to action to students, faculty, academic leaders, and journal editors, offering tangible strategies to propel us beyond the current status quo toward fostering institutional responsibility and accountability.
Thyroid Malignancies With Thymic Differentiation: Outcomes of Rare SETTLE and CASTLE Tumors
Authors: Tapescu Iulia , Kohler Abigail , Sangal Neel R. , Brant Jason A. , Brody Robert M. , Chao Timothy , Carey Ryan M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpindle epithelial tumors with thymus‐like differentiation (SETTLE) and carcinomas showing thymus‐like differentiation (CASTLE) are rare intrathyroid tumors.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with SETTLE, CASTLE, and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from 2004 to 2020 within the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics were compared. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression models.ResultsThis study identified 19 patients with CASTLE, 11 with SETTLE, and 483 474 with PTC. CASTLE and SETTLE patients had larger tumors, lymphovascular invasion, and positive surgical margins. They were rarely treated with radioactive iodine treatment but frequently received external beam radiation and chemotherapy. Five‐year OS was significantly lower for CASTLE and SETTLE compared to PTC. SETTLE was associated with an increased risk of death.ConclusionSETTLE and CASTLE are rare intrathyroid tumors with worse survival compared to PTC, often managed with radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery.
The Future of the Health Professions: Navigating Shortages, Imbalances, and Automation
Authors: McKee Martin , Correia Tiago 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe healthcare sector is undergoing significant transformation driven by workforce shortages, role imbalances, and technological advances. Traditional health professions, characterised by advanced knowledge and self‐regulation, face challenges from two key trends. First, there is a growing reliance on less‐trained workers, such as nursing assistants and physician associates, to fill gaps, raising concerns about patient safety and the quality of care. While these roles can assist in simpler tasks, their expanded responsibilities—often exceeding their training—can lead to adverse outcomes, particularly in critical medical scenarios. Second, the rise of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) offers both opportunities and risks. While AI shows promise in reducing administrative burdens and aiding specialized tasks like image recognition, its limitations hinder its broader adoption, such as reinforcing biases and failing to reason diagnostically. This editorial argues that uncritical reliance on these developments risks compromising healthcare quality. It calls for evidence‐based policymaking, robust oversight, and updated regulatory frameworks to ensure patient safety while adapting to these shifts. Getting the right balance between maintaining professional autonomy and integrating new roles and technologies is critical for building resilient healthcare systems capable of responding to future challenges.
A randomized trial of early cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients receiving postoperative IMRT with or without serial cardiac dose constraints
Authors: Cao Lu , Ou Dan , Qi Wei‐Xiang , Xu Cheng , Ye Ming , Fang Yue‐Hua , Shi Mei , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Lin Qing , Liu Tong , Cai Gang , Cai Rong , Chen Mei , Zhang Yi‐Bin , Su Xiu‐Xiu , Qian Xiao‐Fang , Shen Kun‐Wei , Chen Jia‐Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptimal cardiac dose constraints in breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing postoperative intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) are unclear, although as low as possible is recommended. This trial proposes serial cardiac dose constraint to optimize cardiac safety. Postoperative BC patients eligible for anthracycline/taxanes‐based chemotherapy or HER2‐targeted therapy were randomized to cardiac safety arm with prespecified mean heart dose (MHD) (≤6 Gy), V30 (≤20%), and V10 (≤50%) constraints, or to a control arm with in‐house protocol (mainly MHD ≤8 Gy). The primary endpoint was cumulative incidence of newly onset cardiac events within 1‐year post‐RT. An exploratory analysis examined the relationship between whole heart dose metrics and those of substructures. Of 199 participants, 93 were in the cardiac safety and 106 in the control arm. The cardiac safety group showed lower MHD, V10, and V30. The 1‐year cardiac event incidence was slightly lower in the cardiac safety group (19.4%) compared to controls (24.9%). The LVEF and diastolic dysfunction rates were 0% and 5.4% in the study arm, and 1.9% and 8.8% in the control arm, respectively. The LAD, LV, and RV received the highest doses for left‐sided patients. For right‐sided patients, RA, RCA, and RV were most irradiated. The MHD, V10, and Dmax of heart significantly correlated with all substructure doses in either laterality. Our study supports the early cardiac safety profile using IMRT in BC patients receiving cardiac‐toxic systemic therapy, with serial cardiac dose constraints. Combined constraints on MHD and dose‐volume parameters are representative of the cardiac substructure dose.
Effects of social interaction on leisure item preference and reinforcer efficacy for children with autism
Authors: Kamlowsky Marissa E. , Dozier Claudia L. , Leslie Stacha C. , Kanaman Ky C. , Diaz de Villegas Sara C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe replicated and extended Kanaman et al. (2022) by comparing outcomes of solitary (leisure items only), social (leisure items with social interaction), and combined (leisure items alone and leisure items with social interaction) stimulus preference assessments to determine the extent to which the inclusion of social interaction influenced the outcomes of preference assessments for five children with autism. We then conducted reinforcer assessments to determine the reinforcing efficacy of high‐ and low‐preferred leisure items when presented with and without social interaction. The results showed that both high‐ and low‐preferred items functioned as reinforcers to varying degrees for all participants and the inclusion of social interaction increased the reinforcing efficacy of some items for all participants. Additionally, the results showed that combined preference assessments predicted reinforcer assessment outcomes for two of five participants but produced false‐negative outcomes for three participants. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Ultrasonic Image Characteristics of Palatine Tonsils in Healthy Children and Analysis of Factors Influencing Image Quality
Authors: Cao Ying , Sun Lei , Li XiaoPeng , Zhang Qi , Gao Yue , Wang Hua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the ultrasonic image characteristics of palatine tonsils in healthy children and the factors affecting image quality.MethodsA total of 750 images of palatine tonsils were collected from 375 healthy children. According to ultrasonic image quality, the images were divided into three groups. Both systemic and local factors were analyzed among the different groups.ResultsThe palatine tonsils showed quasi‐circular or flat oval, low echo or light and dark band arrangement, a striped medium echo, and a clear boundary. Age, height, weight, body mass index, body surface area, distance from the skin to the posterior margin of the tonsils, thickness of the anterior soft tissue of the tonsils, and thickness of the anterior submandibular gland of the tonsils were significantly different among the different image quality groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that height, weight, thickness of the anterior soft tissue of the tonsils, and thickness of the anterior submandibular gland of the tonsils were independent factors affecting the quality of the ultrasonic images of the palatine tonsils.ConclusionsThere are characteristic ultrasonic image manifestations of the palatine tonsils. Tonsil ultrasound image quality is affected by individual and local factors.
Pollen and Leaf Micromorphological Characteristics of Spiny Almonds (Prunus subgenus Amygdalus) in Iran
Authors: Bayat Nastaran , Attar Farideh , Sotoodeh Arash 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the micromorphological characteristics of pollen grains and leaf epidermal cells from 20 accessions across four species of spiny almonds using scanning electron microscopy. Thirteen quantitative traits of pollen grains, including exine sculpturing, were analyzed alongside qualitative features such as shape, exine sculpture type, and aperture type. Additionally, four quantitative and five qualitative features of the leaf epidermis were examined, focusing on cuticular ornamentation patterns, types of epicuticular wax, and stomatal measurements. The pollen grains were found to be isopolar monads, radially symmetric, medium‐sized, varying from prolate spheroidal to prolate, and exhibiting 3‐colporate to 3‐colpate structures. The exine sculpturing was generally striate with short and long ridges, with or without perforations, and could be classified into three types. Notably, in the Isfahan population of Prunus lycioides and the North Khorasan population of Prunus spinosissima, the exine sculpture types were distinctly different, being rugulate and reticulate, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis identified equatorial diameter, colpus length and width, and ridge width as key diagnostic markers for species identification within spiny almonds. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering further highlighted the significance of stomatal length, cuticular ornamentation patterns, and epicuticular wax types in differentiating among taxa. We conclude that groupings recognized in recent classifications of the subgenus Amygdalus (spiny almonds) remain challenging to delineate solely based on palynological data, as diverse pollen types are present across different clades and subclades. Furthermore, micromorphological leaf traits proved valuable in distinguishing certain spiny almond taxa, and the traits of epidermal cells may reflect the ecological adaptations of spiny almond species.
Adaptive frequency driving scan driver based on a‐InGaZnO TFTs for extremely low‐power displays
Authors: Moon Jinho , Kim Hyunwoo , Kim Yongchan , Chung Jae Woo , Lee Hojin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel scan driver combined with a logic circuit using amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (a‐InGaZnO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) in order to enhance the electrical stability and reduce power consumption in display panels. The latest mobile displays with high resolution and refresh rates consume more battery power, which inevitably limits portability and usability. The proposed scan driver can mask the signal by combining the output stage with a logic circuit, thereby blocking the output pulse for static images. This allows the display panel to operate in a partial driving mode depending on the display content. Due to the masking of the scan driver's output pulses, the connected pixel circuits are consistently maintained in the same state as the previous frame, leading to a lower refresh rate and reduced power consumption. Furthermore, by constructing additional control signals, the proposed scan driver can operate stably in depletion mode under a ∆VTH = −3 V.
IGF2BP3‐dependent N6‐methyladenosine modification of USP49 promotes carboplatin resistance in retinoblastoma by enhancing autophagy via regulating the stabilization of SIRT1
Authors: Li Lei , Yang Ning , Sun Jian‐Hong , Wei Li‐Juan , Gao Yuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRetinoblastoma (RB) poses significant challenges in clinical management due to the emergence of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, particularly carboplatin (CBP). In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying CBP resistance in RB, with a focus on the role of autophagy and the influence of ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 49 (USP49). We observed upregulation of USP49 in RB tissues and cell lines, correlating with disease progression. Functional assays revealed that USP49 promoted aggressive proliferation and conferred CBP resistance in RB cells. Furthermore, USP49 accelerated tumor growth and induced CBP resistance in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that USP49 facilitated CBP resistance by promoting autophagy activation. In addition, we identified insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3)‐mediated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification of USP49 as a regulatory mechanism, wherein IGF2BP3 upregulated USP49 expression in an m6A‐dependent manner. Moreover, USP49 stabilized SIRT1, a protein associated with CBP resistance and autophagy, by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation. Rescue experiments confirmed the pivotal role of SIRT1 in USP49‐mediated CBP resistance. Our findings delineate a novel molecular network involving USP49‐mediated autophagy in promoting CBP resistance in RB, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention to enhance treatment efficacy and improve outcomes for RB patients.
Large‐Area Floating Display with Wafer‐Scale Manufactured Metalens Arrays
Authors: Kim Joohoon , An Jungkwuen , Kim Wonjoong , Seong Junhwa , Park Yujin , Lee Eunji , Kim Seokwoo , Moon Seokil , Lee Chang‐Kun , Lee Heon , Rho Junsuk 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetasurface‐based flat optics has a great potential to replace conventional bulky and heavy optical elements, consistent with the trend of miniaturizing optical elements. One of the trends is to broaden the operating area of the metasurface. The previous approaches are focused on expanding the metasurface area, which has intrinsic manufacturing and optical limitations. Here, this work presents the fabrication of wafer‐scale metalens arrays, and demonstrates the Gabor superlens composed of the metalens arrays, which behaves optically like a large lens system. A pair of fabricated 8‐inch‐sized metalens arrays are used to float the large‐area display, producing a real image in the air. This superlens is easily manufactured in a high‐throughput and cost‐effective manner using an argon fluoride dry scanner and a single reticle. Their capability for diffraction‐limited focusing and imaging is demonstrated. Considering the groundbreaking nature of imaging a large‐area display through the metalens arrays, this work shows a great potential for scaling up the optical display systems in a simple manner.
THE POWER OF CONTROL: TRANSFORMING EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN A POST‐PANDEMIC WORLD
Authors: Otting Laura Gassner 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe author is a corporate and governmental advisor with a background in executive search and leadership advisory. She points to the changes in workplace motivation: a “list of motivating factors was given to each of us by a high school or college guidance counselor, meant to assist us in plotting out future educational paths based on the career choices expected of us by parents, teachers, friends, and potential employers.” These factors, in her words and further described in the article, are Mission, Leadership, Challenge, Scope of Impact, Acquisition of New Skills, Prestige, Personal Needs, and Money. She contends that “when we use the old metrics of success, and only them in only one order, we mistake filling in checkboxes for what our people really want: consonance.” She describes the latter as “the sense of frictionless belonging, of momentous stride, of core relevance.” The “new definition of success,” is built around, in her words, calling, connection, contribution, and control. Related factors are, in her words, flexible work arrangements, autonomy in task management, involvement in decision making, clear communication and expectations, professional development opportunities, empowering middle management, and leading with inspiration.
Imaging treatment efficacy of repeated photodynamic therapy in glioblastoma using chemical exchange transfer saturation MRI
Authors: Leung Vivian W. M. , Park Se Weon , Lai Joseph H. C. , Chen Zilin , Huang Jianpan , Liu Yang , Hu Charles , Chan Kannie W. Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo observe the tumor responses during photodynamic therapy in a murine glioblastoma model using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI and to compare the treatment effectiveness between single photodynamic therapy (sPDT) and repeated PDT (rePDT).MethodsAfter tumor cell implantation in NSG mouse brain (n = 27), mice were subjected to four PDT sessions (rePDT), sPDT after the administration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid 6 h before each session, and a non‐PDT session (control). A 630‐nm LED light was used to effectuate PDT. After 24 h for each PDT session, T2‐weighted and CEST MRI were performed over 7 days.ResultsWe observed that rePDT resulted in a continuous suppression of tumors according to T2‐weighted images; thus, the tumor volume was the smallest among three groups on Day 7. Both CEST contrasts at 3.5 ppm (amide proton transfer, APT) and 3.5 ppm (relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement, rNOE) in the rePDT group were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the control group starting from Day 5, which corresponds to lower protein and cellularity in tumors in the rePDT group, respectively. CEST contrast decreased by 17.9% at 3.5 ppm and 11.3% at 3.5 ppm for rePDT group. This was validated by histology, where we observed moderate correlations between APT with cell proliferation (R = 0.730, p < 0.01) and cell apoptosis (R = 0.715, p < 0.05) and moderate correlation between rNOE with cellularity (R = 0.796, p < 0.01).ConclusionsrePDT has a better effect in tumor growth suppression when compared with sPDT, and CEST could be a robust and noninvasive mean to assess the molecular changes related to treatment efficacy.
Musculoskeletal mimics for lumbosacral radiculopathy. Part 2: Specific disorders
Authors: Jorgensen Shawn P. , Chiodo Anthony E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLumbosacral radiculopathy is a common disorder evaluated by the electrodiagnostic medicine (EDX) consultant. Making this task difficult is the abundance of radiculopathy mimics. Peripheral neurologic mimics are common, but musculoskeletal mimics are not rare and may be less familiar to many EDX consultants. Awareness of the most common musculoskeletal mimickers—particularly key historical and physical examination features that can distinguish them from radiculopathies—can lead to an accurate diagnosis for the patient and referring provider. Part 1 of this monograph covered theoretical issues surrounding why radiculopathy mimics occur. This second part reviews the most common musculoskeletal mimics, including facet arthropathy, myofascial pain syndrome, hip pathology, greater trochanteric pain syndrome, piriformis syndrome, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, hamstring pathology, iliotibial band syndrome, and plantar fasciitis. Diagnosis of these musculoskeletal mimickers is complicated by nonspecific physical examination and imaging findings, and diagnostic injections are frequently necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for most mimickers includes physical therapy, anti‐inflammatory medications, guided injections, and other conservative measures, only rarely followed by surgical intervention. EDX consultants can efficiently incorporate a few high‐yield maneuvers into their physical examination based on the location of the pain to provide answers to patients presenting with a musculoskeletal mimic of a lumbosacral radiculopathy.