bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) Benzene, A Plant Derived Anti-Neoplastic Compound: Purified from Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract
Authors: Paul Samrat , Basak Piyali , Maity Namrata , Guha Chayan , Jana Nandan Kumar 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Moringa oleifera lam, commonly known as “Sajina”, is an indigenous species to India.
In our folk medicine, it is used for the treatment of Canker (cancer). The Moringa oleifera leaf extract contains many phyto-compounds, with some being anti-neoplastic in nature.

Objective:
Our preliminary study showed that the leaf extract significantly kills cancer cells compared to normal
cells. On searching for the new phyto-compound, Bis-isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene was purified and isolated.

Methods:
The sequential process of fractional distillation, column chromatography, followed by TLC and
HPLC is performed for purification. Every fraction from each step was tested on HeLa cell line for evaluating
the presence of the phyto-compound.

Results and Conclusion:
FTIR peak analysis of a single phyto-compound shows the presence of thiocyanate
group, aromatic carbon group. 1H & 13C NMR peak analysis along with High-resolution mass spectroscopy
(HRMS) calculation confirm the chemical structure with IUPAC name [Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene].
Previously, Isothiocyanatomethyl- benzene solely or in conjugation with sugar molecule has been reported, but
its dimeric form in nature hasnot yet been published anywhere. It shows anticancer activity by retarding cancer
cell growth & inhibits carcinogenesis on HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines by caspase 3 apoptotic
pathway and showed comparatively less cytotoxicity to PBMC cell. It shows anticancer activity almost the same
as the market available drug Cis-Platin. Therefore, further extrapolating its activity with different concentrations
may result in its use as a drug formulation for the treatment of cancer.
GPER Overexpression in Cervical Cancer Versus Premalignant Lesions: Its Activation Induces Different Forms of Cell Death
Authors: Silva Christian D.H. , Leal Annie R. , Ortiz-Lazareno Pablo C. , Suárez Luis F.J. , de Arellano Adrián R. , Lopez-Pulido Edgar I. , Barragan José G.M. , Buelna Margarita M. , Rodríguez Judith R.D. , Chabay Paola , Muñoz-Valle José F. , Pereira-Suárez Ana L. 
Published: February 2019

Background:The effect of estrogen has been traditionally studied through the modulation of its alpha and beta nuclear receptors; however, the G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) has been recently involved in the pathology of numerous tumors. Although the study of GPER in cervical cancer has begun, its contribution still remains to be completely evaluated.Objective:The purpose of this work was to determine the expression of this receptor in different degrees of cervical lesions and whether the stimulation with its specific agonist (G-1) modulated mechanisms of cell survival or cell death in cervical cancer cells.Methods:Sections of 44 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks from patients were analyzed by automated immunohistochemistry. After the stimulation with G-1, proliferation was evaluated by the xCELLigence technology, the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane permeability by MitoCaptureTM fluorescence staining, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and senescence by the senescence-associated β-galactosidase kit.Results:GPER was widely expressed in cervical cancer but not in its precursor lesions. The staining was predominantly cytoplasmic, although it was also important in the nucleus of the epithelial cells. G-1 inhibited proliferation, decreased the mitochondrial permeability, and increased the percentage of apoptosis in SiHa, HeLa, and C-33A. Only in C-33A, an increase of the cells in necrosis was observed, whereas SiHa was the only cell line in which senescence was evidenced.Conclusion:GPER is a receptor associated with cervical cancer that inhibits the growth and induces different mechanisms of death in cells derived from uterine cervical cancer. It suggests that GPER can be considered a pharmacological target that prevents the development of cervical carcinogenesis.
Evaluation of Effect of Surgical and Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum C-Reactive Protein, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Serum Lipoproteins and Fasting Blood Sugar in Patients with Severe Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Moeintaghavi Amir , Arab Hamid Reza , Moghaddam Masoud Amiri , Shahmohammadi Reza , Bardan Bahareh Yalood , Soroush Zahra 
Published: February 2019

Background:Cardiovascular disease has been associated with multiple risk factors such as dyslipidemia. However, the focus has recently shifted towards some novel risk factorsi.e. infection from periodontitis.Given this background, we aimed to assess the effect of periodontal therapy on some CVD risk factors including Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein(LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein(HDL), Triglycerides(TG) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) level has also been measured.Methods:Thirty patients (12 male and 18 female) who had severe periodontitis were tested for different blood parameters; namely Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein(HDL), Triglycerides (TGs), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS). Enzymatic colorimetric methods were applied to measure all the parameters’ values except for CRP. The first stage of periodontal treatment comprised oral hygiene instruction as well as scaling and root planing. After 1 month, at the next stage, open flap debridement surgery was performed on all 4 quadrants of the mouth. The blood parameters were reassessed and compared with the baseline values after 3 months. Two patients (female) failed to participate in the follow-ups. The Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine whether changes in laboratory variables are associated with age and average probing depth or not.Results:All the assessed parameters related to 28 patients showed mean reduction which proved to be significant for CRP (p=0.011) and cholesterol (p=0.035). Among all parameters, only CRP level was found to have a significant positive correlation with pocket depth. Other blood parameters' relationship with age and probing depth proved to be insignificant.Conclusion:Considering the results, periodontal treatment may significantly lower lipid profile serum levels and some inflammatory factors.
Effect of Drugs on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Human Beings: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Khalaf Khaled , Mando Mahmoud 
Published: February 2019

Background:Orthodontic tooth movement represents a series of events at both cellular and molecular levels which in turn stimulates inflammatory pathway to induce tooth movement. Some drugs taken by patients have a negative effect which can block this pathway, on the other hand, others may influence these events and reduce treatment time.Search Methods:A search strategy was implemented using both manual hand search and electronic databases, including Cochrane database of clinical trials, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus. The risk of biased eligible studies to be included in the final analysis was assessed independently by two authors using Cochrane risk of bias tool.Results:A total of 491 articles were identified in both manual and electronic searches as well as by checking the reference lists of articles to be included in the study. After reviewing the titles, abstracts and full-text articles, only 8 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, and thus, were included in the final analysis. Six out of the 8 RCTs were assessed as of low quality. No statistical methods were employed to combine the studies due to the heterogeneities of the studies and the low level of evidence.Conclusion:Acetylsalicylic acid and ibuprofen reduced orthodontic tooth movement whereas paracetamol, Rofecoxib and tenoxicam had no impact on orthodontic tooth movement. Due to the low quality of the studies included, therefore to base our practice on scientific evidence, better-controlled RCTs are needed to investigate the impact of common medications on orthodontic tooth movement.
A Review of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) Prescribed Medications Instructions to Promote Medication Adherence: A Document Analysis Study
Authors: Ngoatle C. , Mothiba T. M. , Themane M. J. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Health literacy is referred to as the individual’s ability to comprehend and follow medication instructions. The aim of the study was to investigate the prescribed medications instructions for user friendliness to enhance health literacy and promote medication adherence in patients with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).

Methods:
A qualitative, descriptive design using checklist rubric was used to conduct the document analysis study. A convenient sampling was used to select 15 Non-Communicable Diseases’ drugs for review from 02 February to 30 April 2018 in Limpopo province, South Africa. Tesch’s eight steps for data analysis was used.

Results:
Fifteen drug leaflets, scripts and packages revealed that there were poor explanation of the frequency of taking the medications and poor information related to the prescribed medication instructions. The findings are however, limited to the study setting and could not be generalised.

Conclusion:
There is a need for further explanation of the medication instructions which includes the frequency of taking medications to be reflected so that patients may consume them at the exact time indicated. The use of symbols on the medication packages should be reviewed. This will assist in reducing mortalities and NCDs complications.
Revista Mexicana de Bachillerato a Distancia, testigo del desarrollo de la Educación a Distancia en el Nivel Medio Superior de nuestro país
Authors: Villatoro Carmen , González María Teresa , Ruiz Gubisha 
Published: February 2019

<p>Este texto trata de los 20 números publicados por la Revista Mexicana de Bachillerato a Distancia (RMBD), uno especial y 19 regulares. La Revista fue creada para dar voz a los actores de la Educación a Distancia (ED) y son ellos los que mayoritariamente han escrito en ella, sin embargo, también se crearon secciones para los teóricos de esta modalidad tanto nacionales como del extranjero. Se presenta la colaboración con la Revista IRRODL, de la que desde 2012 se publica un artículo en la Revista. Se parte de la numeralia, pero de cada sección se desarrolla, de manera breve, la temática abordada por los autores, así como las ideas más relevantes que se han detectado en los textos. Es importante resaltar que la descripción de bachilleratos incluye a todos los bachilleratos en ED del país y algunos del extranjero, en especial de Estados Unidos.</p><p>Para visualizar el video vaya al siguiente enlance: <a title="https://youtu.be/XmQ-EgcyoRA" href="https://youtu.be/XmQ-EgcyoRA">https://youtu.be/XmQ-EgcyoRA</a></p>
El chiste como paradigma hermenéutico
Authors: J. Castro Sixto 
Published: February 2019

En el presente artículo, una vez expuestas las diversas teorías de la risa, se defiende que la risa básica (la que no tiene función social) tiene como elemento necesario, aunque no suficiente, la incongruencia. Asimismo, se postula que el chiste, generado primariamente para hacer reír, se constituye en paradigma hermenéutico de comprensión que proporciona una nueva visión de un estado de cosas y rompe lo que naturalmente cabía esperar del decurso del relato. Aunque haya un entorno de interpretaciones posibles, sólo una es la correcta, y ésa es la que convierte al chiste en lo que es.
A Relação entre a Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e a Transferência de Conhecimento como Fontes para Geração de Valor Compartilhado
Authors: Melo Mary Fernanda de Sousa de , Souza Roberta Castro , Yaryd Rodrigo Trotta 
Published: February 2019

A responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) deve ser vista de forma estratégica, como fonte para a geração de valor compartilhado, seja ele tangível ou não, para a empresa focal e seus stakeholders. A literatura apresenta que empresas com atuação de RSC estratégica possuem maior acesso ao conhecimento externo. Contudo não é claro como se dão as relações entre empresa focal e seus stakeholders e quais impactos envolvidos. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar como empresas socialmente responsáveis e com diferentes abordagens estratégicas geram valor compartilhado por meio da transferência de recursos e conhecimento com seus stakeholders. Utilizou-se casos polares e uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas, desk research e análise do discurso. Os principais stakeholders identificados foram: comunidades locais; governo; empresas de P&D e; clientes empresariais. As empresas transferem recursos e conhecimento para as comunidades locais e aos principais stakeholders. O inverso também ocorre. Os stakeholders e as empresas analisadas fornecem um exemplo de relação simbiótica, onde há desenvolvimento social e geração de vantagem competitiva, atingindo quatro níveis: empresarial, comunidade local, clientes empresariais e meio ambiente. Mesmo figurando em diferentes posições na cadeia de suprimentos, as relações entre empresa focal e seus stakeholders geram valor numa relação ganha-ganha, implicando que o investimento em RSC traz retornos externos e internos. O artigo contribui ao tratar conjuntamente diferentes abordagens teóricas para explicar como se dá a geração de valor compartilhado. Em complemento há a elaboração de uma figura que sintetiza o argumento apresentado e foram elaboradas proposições de base teórico-empírica.
Changes of Commuting Range in Riga Agglomeration
Authors: Skadiņš Toms 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to characterise commuting trends in Riga agglomeration, while taking into account proximity to Riga and territorial accessibility. Changes of commuting range are looked at through literature analysis (historical context) and by using descriptive analysis and parametric tests (current situation). Results indicate that while both proximity to Riga and access to state level roads have a significant impact on commuting flows, it is the former which has a more significant impact.
Tendencies of Recreational Landscape Formation in Southeastern Baltic Seaside Resorts after 1990. Case of the Palanga Resort
Authors: Jankauskaitė Aurelija , Grecevičius Petras 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The goal is to analyze the tendencies of the formation of recreational landscape of the Palanga resort and, after reviewing the planning experiences of other south-eastern Baltic resorts, present measures for landscape optimization. To achieve this, an analysis of changes of the seaside recreational landscape after 1990, the current state of resorts, scientific literature, and seaside resort planning was conducted. After assessing the changes in the recreational landscape, it has been noticed that for a quarter of the last century, planning of seaside resorts was aimed at attracting and accommodating an increasing number of holidaymakers, which caused an ever increasing need to intensify the construction in the territories, increasing the scale of buildings, and urbanizing natural territories without taking into consideration the existing natural and cultural environment. Natural, anthropogenic and social factors are affecting the recreational landscape of seaside resorts, which are important in the context of resort development and regional development. The article presents the means of Palanga resort optimization based on these factors.
Private Space in Soviet Cinema: Case Study of Riga
Authors: Matvejs Jānis 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The aim of this article is to discover the discourse of living spaces of Riga through the films of the Soviet period and to examine essential changes of private space in different residential structures. This study contributes to the field of human geography by conducting content analysis of a vast number of Soviet films with a focus on the development and spatial organization of apartments in Riga. The analysis of 264 films illustrates that living spaces are rarely portrayed in the Soviet cinema and they mostly provide intentionally formed idealistic information about the qualities and achievements of Soviet private space.
Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Adults - new trends in patients safety
Authors: Duţu Mădălina , Ivascu Robert , Morlova Darius , Stanca Alina , Corneci Dan , Negoita Silvius 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Sedation and analgesia may be need­ed for many interventional or diagnostic proce­dures, whose number has grown exponentially lately. The American Society of Anesthesiolo­gists introduced the term “procedural sedation and analgesia” (PSA) and clarified the termi­nology, moderate sedation and Monitored An­esthesia Care. This review tries to present a nondissociative sedation classification, follow­ing ASA guidelines as well as pre-procedural assessment and preparation, in order to choose the appropriate type and level of sedation, pa­tient monitoring and agents, which are most commonly used for sedation and/or analgesia, along with their possible side effects. The paper also lists the possible complications associated with PSA and a few specific particularities of procedural sedation.
Moral Supervenience and Moral Thinking
Authors: Drai Dalia 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The paper aims at meeting Blackburn’s challenge (1971, 1984, 1985) to explain the non-reductive supervenience of moral predicates on natural ones. It offers a critical examination of Hare’s model of moral thinking (1981) which can be used as a candidate for such an explanation. It is argued that, as it stands, Hare’s model fails to meet Blackburn’s challenge. Yet some revisions of the model are suggested, and it is claimed that the improved version does supply the required explanation. The model suggested in the paper carries a meta-ethical implication concerning the superiority of the anti-realist understanding of moral discourse.
Dynamics of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae Co-Infection Seasonally in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies
Authors: Özkırım Asli , Schiesser Aygün , Keskin Nevіn 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Nosema apis is a pathogen spesific for the European honeybee, Apis mellifera L., while Nosema ceranae is specific for the Asian honeybee, Apis cerana. Turkey provides different environmental and host conditions for both Nosema species. The aim of the study is to determine the dynamic of N. cerenae and N. apis seasonal infection. A number of samples were collected from different apiaries between 2009-2016 years. The samples were kept at −20°C in the laboratory. Light microscopy was used for spore counting and molecular techniques were used to identify the Nosema species. The results showed that winter season had an impact on the type of Nosema as well as on infection rates. The number of N. ceranae spores decreases significantly at low temperatures (≤ 5°C). The winter period was found to be the main factor affecting nosema infection level and dominancy of Nosema ceranae. Furthermore, co-infection of both species is an indicator of the dynamics of N. apis and N. ceranae. This study suggests, that there is a dynamic prevalence among the Nosema species depending of the average winter temperature and not a replacement of N. apis by N. ceranae.
The Romanian Society of Internal Medicine’s Choosing Wisely Campaign
Authors: Delcea Caterina , Badea Camelia , Jurcut Ciprian , Purcarea Adrian , Sovaila Silvia , Weiss Emma , Alistar Elena , Balan Horia , Baicus Cristian 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Quality of care in medicine is not necessarily proportional to quantity of care and excess is often useless or even more, potentially detrimental to our patients. Adhering to the European Federation of Internal Medicine’s initiative, the Romanian Society of Internal Medicine (SRMI) launched the Choosing Wisely in Internal Medicine Campaign, aiming to cut down diagnostic procedures or therapeutics overused in our country. A Working Group was formed and from 200 published recommendations from previous international campaigns, 36 were voted as most important. These were submitted for voting to the members of the SRMI and posted on a social media platform. After the two voting rounds, the top six recommendations were established.
These were:
1. Stop medicines when no further benefit is achieved or the potential harms outweigh the potential benefits for the individual patient.
2. Don’t use antibiotics in patients with recent C. difficile without convincing evidence of need.
3. Don’t regularly prescribe bed rest and inactivity following injury and/or illness unless there is scientific evidence that harm will result from activity. Promote early mobilization.
4. Don’t initiate an antibiotic without an identified indication and a predetermined length of treatment or review date.
5. Don’t prescribe opioids for treatment of chronic or acute pain for sensitive jobs such as operating motor vehicles, forklifts, cranes or other heavy equipment.
6. Transfuse red cells for anemia only if the hemoglobin concentration is less than 7 g/dL or if the patient is hemodynamically unstable or has significant cardiovascular or respiratory comorbidity. Don’t transfuse more units of blood than absolutely necessary.
PROGRAM PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN:STUDI KASUS PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN KURANG ENERGI KRONIS DI PUSKESMAS CEBONGAN SALATIGA
Authors: Mangalik Gelora , Koritelu R. Trikoriyanto , Amah Mirna Wala , Junezar Rananda , Kbarek Omega Peggy I. , Widi Ristia 
Published: February 2019

Ibu hamil adalah kelompok yang rentan mengalami masalah kesehatan diantaranya kekurangan gizi. Kekurangan gizi pada ibu hamil banyak terjadi di negara-negara berkembang yang meliputi kurang energi kronis (KEK) maupun kekurangan zat gizi mikro. Ibu hamil dengan KEK dapat berpengaruh terhadap proses pertumbuhan janin serta dapat menyebabkan keguguran, bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR), kematian neonatal, anemia pada bayi dan asfiksia intra partum. Bayi yang lahir dalam kondisi BBLR mempunyai risiko gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya serta mengalami kekurangan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis program pemberian makanan tambahan pada ibu hamil dengan KEK di Puskesmas Cebongan Salatiga. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sasaran program pemberian makanan tambahan ditujukan bagi ibu hamil yang terdeteksi memiliki lingkar lengan atas (LILA) < 23,5 cm dan diprioritaskan bagi ibu dengan kondisi ekonomi rendah . Ibu hamil yang memiliki ukuran LILA dibawah 23.5 cm (KEK) berjumlah 17 orang dan ibu hamil yang mendapatkan makanan tambahan (MT) berupa biskuit sejumlah 20 orang. Evaluasi program PMT adalah pendistribusian PMT belum optimal, kurangnya kesadaran ibu hamil untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan dan makanan tambahan tidak dihabiskan oleh ibu hamil. Kata Kunci: Ibu Hamil, Kurang Energi Kronik, Pemberian Makanan Tambahan AbstractPregnant women are vulnerable groups that is susceptible to have health problems including malnutrition. Nutritional deficiencies in pregnant women occur in many developing countries which include chronic energi deficiency (CED) and micronutrients deficiency. Pregnant women with CED can affect the growth of the fetus and can cause miscarriages, low birth weight (LBW), neonatal mortality, anemia in infants and intrapartum asphyxia. LBW has a risk to inhibit infant’s growth and development and to have malnutrition. The aim of this study was to analyze complementary foods giving program for pregnant women with CED at Cebongan Health Center in Salatiga. The result of this study showed that target of complementary foods giving program are pregnant woman who have mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <23.5 cm and prioritized for woman with low economic conditions. There are 17 pregnant woman have MUAC <23.5 cm and 20 pregnant woman get the complementary food. The evaluation of the complementary foods giving program were the distribution is not optimal, lack of awareness of pregnant women to do medical examination, and complementary foods did not finish by pregnant woman. Keywords: Chronic Energi Deficiency, Complementary Foods Giving Program,Pregnant woman