bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on effect of chemical, thermal, additive treatment on mechanical properties of basalt fiber and their composites
Authors: Jain Naman , Singh Vinay Kumar , Chauhan Sakshi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBasalt fiber is emerging out the new reinforcing material for composites. To overcome some of the disadvantages of fibers such as poor bonding to polymers, low thermal stability and high moisture absorption fiber characteristics are modified with chemical, thermal and additive treatments. Chemical treatment corrosive resistance to alkali and acid were investigated which were used to clean and modify the surface of fiber for higher bonding with resins. To improve the thermal stability and reduce moisture uptake thermal treatment such as plasma and non thermal plasma were used which increased the surface roughness and change the chemical composition of surface of basalt fiber. Additive treatment is used to improve the mechanical properties of fibers, in basalt fiber additive treatment was done with SiO2 additive because of its chemical composition which contains major content of SiO2. In present investigation review on the effect of different treatment such as chemical, thermal and additive were studied. Effect of these treatment on chemical composition of the surface of basalt fiber and corrosion to acidic and alkali solution were studied with their effect on mechanical properties of basalt fiber and their composite.
Word problems and make-believe: Using frame analysis and ethnomethodology to explore aspects of the culture of schooling
Authors: Benincasa Luciana 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe paper applies Goffman’s frame analysis and ethnomethodology to student performance on mathematical word problems. In educational research, frame analysis has usually been limited to primary frames. Instead, in this paper I focus on the kind of secondary frame that Goffman calls ‘utilitarian make-believe’. The data consist of a fragment of verbal interaction between a teacher and a 12-year-old pupil during an oral mathematics exam. By evoking the idea of ‘as-ifness’, word problems introduce pupils to a make-believe world. The text consists only of ‘filler words’ because what really matters are the figures. Word problems and possibly other aspects of schooling can be interpreted in terms of a utilitarian make-believe key. Readiness to adopt this make-believe frame when required may be the difference between school success and failure. I argue that maths achievement takes more than just ‘being good with numbers’. It is a joint enterprise of people interacting within a culturally-shaped setting, organized so as to make some phenomena stand out rather than others. Finally, I argue that ‘word problems and possibly other ‘school genres’ could be added to the list of utilitarian make-believe frames provided by Goffman.
Review of Cryptographic Schemes applied to Remote Electronic Voting systems: remaining challenges and the upcoming post-quantum paradigm
Authors: Marcos del Blanco David Yeregui , Panizo Alonso Luis , Hermida Alonso Jose Angel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe implantation of Remote Electronic Voting (REV) systems to Electoral Processes is happening at a slower pace than anticipated. One of the relevant factors explaining that reality is the lack of studies about the Cryptographic Schemes and Primitives applied to the existing REV solutions. In this paper, the authors review the main cryptographic schemes applied to date, as well as the most relevant Post Quantum research in the field. The aim is twofold: contribute to clarify the strengths and weaknesses of each scheme as well as expose the remaining challenges, as a necessary step towards a broader introduction of REV solutions in binding elections.
Color Doppler Ultrasound in Uterine Arterial Embolization
Authors: Jinhe Ren 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Objective
To observe and analyze the effect of color doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in uterine arterial embolization (UAE).

Methods
160 cases of patients with uterine fibroid were selected in this study. CDU were performed on all patients before UAE as well as 5-9 days and 3- 6 months after UAE, so as to observe the shape, size and ultrasonogram of the uterus and uterine fibroid, and the blood flow changes of the uterine fibroid. In addition, analysis was carried out on the improvement of the clinical symptoms 3 months to 6 months after UAE.

Results
5-9 days and 3-6 months after UAE, the blood flow of uterine fibroid was significantly reduced or even disappeared, with P <0.05; according to the observation carried out 3-6 months after UAE, irregular menstruation and uterine fibroid compression were significantly relieved; the uterine size and the uterine fibroid volume were significantly decreased;high-level echo was generated inside of the uterine fibroid, which was then gradually reduced into slightly higher echo, equal echo and low echo. High-level echo was found around the uterine fibroid.

Conclusion
It is safe and reliable for the patients with symptomatic uterine fibroid to take UAE. The application of CDU can also provide a good basis and has great significance.
Effects of out-of-hospital continuing nursing on schizophrenia patients' rehabilitation and quality of life
Authors: Ye Maoting , Guo Jia , Song Caiping , Zheng Feiyu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis paper aims to explore specific effects of out-of-hospital continuing nursing on schizophrenia patients’ health rehabilitation and quality of life, and further improve application and popularization of out-of-hospital continuing nursing.MethodsThe 180 schizophrenia patients discharged from our hospital from March 2014 to March 2016 were selected as the subjects. The patients were divided into two groups according to the randomized double-blind method. Both groups received routine discharge guidance, and the observation group received out-of-hospital continuing nursing on this basis. Questionnaires and scales were used to compare differences of the two groups after discharge from hospital, such as medication compliance, recurrence rate of schizophrenia, awareness of health knowledge and quality of life.ResultsAfter 6 months of nursing for the observation group, complete medication compliance rate was 71.11% (64/90), awareness rate of schizophrenia-related health knowledge was 96.67% (87/90), and recurrence rate was 8.89% (8/90). For the control group, complete medication compliance rate was 45.56% (41/90), awareness rate of schizophrenia-related knowledge was 46.67% (42/90) and the recurrence rate of disease was 26.67% (24/90). Hence, the observation group enjoys significant advantages compared with the control group. Statistical analysis (P <0.05) showed statistical significance; In addition, life quality scores showed that the quality of life of the observation group was obviously better than the control group; the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).ConclusionOut-of-hospital continuing nursing for schizophrenia patients after discharge can effectively improve medication compliance, awareness rate of health knowledge, effectively reduce incidence of schizophrenia and improve the quality of life of patients. Thus, the nursing concept and related methods are worthy of publicity and application in a wider range.
Crystal structure of tetrakis(μ2-acetato-κ2
O:O′)-bis{[(E)-2,6-diisopropyl-N-(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)aniline]copper (II)}, C44H56Cu2N4O8
Authors: Njogu Eric M. , Omondi Bernard , Nyamori Vincent O. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C44H56Cu2N4O8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.1061(10) Å, b = 20.5117(17) Å, c = 9.8185(9) Å, β = 101.302(2)°, V = 2193.27(15) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0283, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0753, T = 100 K.
What is Pythagorean in the Pseudo-Pythagorean Literature?
Authors: Zhmud Leonid 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper discusses continuity between ancient Pythagoreanism and the pseudo-Pythagorean writings, which began to appear after the end of the Pythagorean school ca. 350 BC. Relying on a combination of temporal, formal and substantial criteria, I dividePseudopythagoricainto three categories: 1) early Hellenistic writings (late fourth – late second centuries BC) ascribed to Pythagoras and his family members; 2) philosophical treatises written mostly, yet not exclusively, in pseudo-Doric from the turn of the first century BC under the names of real or fictional Pythagoreans; 3) writings attributed to Pythagoras and his relatives that continued to appear in the late Hellenistic and Imperial periods. I will argue that all three categories of pseudepigrapha contain astonishingly little that is authentically Pythagorean.
Usability of dielectric properties for evaluation and research of deconsolidation of endless fiber-reinforced thermoplastics
Authors: Mattner Tobias , Drummer Dietmar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Understanding the deconsolidation behavior of endless fiber-reinforced thermoplastics is essential for reliable predictions of parts behavior and advancements in the corresponding processing technologies. Deconsolidation is usually described by an increasing void ratio of the part volume arising due to fiber relaxation effects, which can strongly affect the mechanical performance. Most methods for measuring the degree of deconsolidation are destructive and require long testing or preparation times. As the dielectric permittivity of a material is usually proportional to its porosity, often reported in foam-related research, dielectric measurements are evaluated as a nondestructive alternative to identify the degree of deconsolidation of endless fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. Polypropylene and glass-woven–based organo-sheets are deconsolidated and density measurements are compared with dielectric measurements for their effect strength and measurement deviations. A relative permittivity in the range of 5–20 MHz was found to allow for a proper differentiation of different degrees of deconsolidation with a ratio of measurement deviation to sample deviation of 26.31% for a single-layer composite (42.96% for a four-layer composite). Additional research is required to identify all relevant influences and to further qualify the method for the research of the deconsolidation behavior or quality control.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study of the Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Anterior Teeth in Serbian Population
Authors: Popovic Milica , Papic Milos , Zivanovic Suzana , Acovic Aleksandar , Loncarevic Slobodan , Ristic Vladimir 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the morphological characteristics, the number of roots and number of root canals of mandibular central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, and the relationship of these characteristics with the sex and the jaw side where the tooth is located, in the Serbian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
CBCT images of a total of 902 mandible front teeth, including 296 central incisors, 294 lateral incisors and 312 canines were analyzed in the database. For assessing the morphology of the root canal, Vertucci method of classification was used.
Central incisors had two canals in 27%, similar as lateral incisor which had two canals in 26.5%. Mandibular canines had two canals in 7.1% and there was a significant difference between genders. The most prevalent root canal configuration type in all mandibular anterior teeth was type I. In the groups of mandibular incisors with two root canals the most common was type III. In the group of mandibular canines with two root canals, type V had the greatest occurrence.
Most mandibular anterior teeth had one root canal. Two root canals were found in 27% of the mandibular incisors. There is a significant difference in root morphology between genders. It is important for dental practitioner to expect different morphological variations when performing endodontic treatment. More studies are needed to further define morphological characteristics of roots of mandibular anterior teeth in Serbian population.
Prescription of opioids to post-operative orthopaedic patients at time of discharge from hospital: a prospective observational study
Authors: Ho Edward , Doherty Matthew , Thomas Robert , Attia John , Oldmeadow Christopher , Clapham Matthew 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background and aims:
Excessive opioid prescribing can lead to adverse consequences including stockpiling, misuse, dependency, diversion and mortality. Increased prescriptions to post-operative inpatients as part of their discharge planning may be a significant contributor. Primary aims included comparing the amount of opioids prescribed, consumed, left unused and their relationship with pain and functionality.

Methods:
A total of 132 consecutive patients who underwent elective orthopaedic surgery were prospectively audited. Daily oral morphine equivalent (DME) of opioids prescribed was compared with opioids consumed and amount left unused 7–10 days after discharge. For analysis, patients were split into three groups: total knee replacement (TKR), hand surgery (Hands), and miscellaneous (Misc).

Results:
The mean dose of opioid prescribed per patient was 108.5 mg DME. TKR consumed 33–35% more opioids than Misc (p=0.0283) and Hands (p=0.0975). Age was a significant independent factor for opioid consumption in the 50th and 75th percentiles of Hands (p≤0.05). An average of 36 mg DME per patient was left unused with Hands having the highest median DME (37 mg) unused. In the total cohort, 26% of patients were discharged with more DME than their last 24 h as an inpatient and had at least 50% of their tablets left unused at follow-up.

Conclusions:
Over-prescription of opioids occurs at discharge which can increase the risk of harm. New intervention is needed to optimise prescribing practises.

Implications:
Changes to prescribing habits and workplace culture are required to minimise unnecessary opioid prescribing but will be challenging to implement. A multi-layered approach of electronic prescribing, opioid stewardship and targeted educational awareness programmes is recommended.
Silber(I)-cyanid-Komplexe mit Aminen und Azaaromaten
Authors: Strey Mark , Döring Cindy 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Silver cyanide can be treated with liquid amines or azaaromatics L to give crystalline complexes of various compositions, among them complexes of the simple type cyanido(amine)silver(I): L=isobutylamine and 4-picoline. Other AgCN:L ratios obtained were: 1:2 (benzylamine and 4-benzylpiperidine), 2:1 (2,4-lutidine), 2:3 (morpholine and 3,4-lutidine) and 3:4 (3,5-lutidine). The packing diagrams were analyzed in terms of Ag–Ag and Ag–CN contacts and N–H···N hydrogen bonds. The contacts often give rise to chains, which are sometimes linked to layers by hydrogen bonds.
Evaluation of Lavandula stoechas L. subsp. stoechas L., Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata L. essential oils and their main components against sinusitis pathogens
Authors: Karaca Nursenem , Demirci Betül , Demirci Fatih 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Lavandula stoechas subsp. stoechas and Mentha spicata subsp. spicata are used for the treatment of sinusitis in Turkish folk medicine. The components of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Major components of L. stoechas and M. spicata oils were determined as camphor (46.7%) and carvone (60.6%), respectively. The antibacterial activity of essential oils and their main components were tested against the common selected sinusitis pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using in vitro agar diffusion, microdilution, and vapor diffusion methods. As a result, the tested plant materials, which are locally and natively used against sinusitis, were relatively mild antibacterial (in vitro MICs 310–1250 μg/mL) in action. To use essential oils and their components safely in sinusitis therapy, further detailed in vivo experiments are needed to support their efficacy.
Cell-Specific Deletion of PGC-1α from Medium Spiny Neurons Causes Transcriptional Alterations and Age-Related Motor Impairment
Authors: McMeekin Laura J. , Li Ye , Fox Stephanie N. , Rowe Glenn C. , Crossman David K. , Day Jeremy J. , Li Yuqing , Detloff Peter J. , Cowell Rita M. 
Published: February 2018

Multiple lines of evidence indicate that a reduction in the expression and function of the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is associated with neurodegeneration in diseases such as Huntington's disease (HD). Polymorphisms in the PGC-1α gene modify HD progression and PGC-1α expression is reduced in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of HD patients and mouse models. However, neither the MSN-specific function of PGC-1α nor the contribution of PGC-1α deficiency to motor dysfunction is known. We identified novel, PGC-1α-dependent transcripts involved in RNA processing, signal transduction, and neuronal morphology and confirmed reductions in these transcripts in male and female mice lacking PGC-1α specifically in MSNs, indicating a cell-autonomous effect in this population. MSN-specific PGC-1α deletion caused reductions in previously identified neuronal and metabolic PGC-1α-dependent genes without causing striatal vacuolizations. Interestingly, these mice exhibited a hypoactivity with age, similar to several HD animal models. However, these newly identified PGC-1α-dependent genes were upregulated with disease severity and age in knock-in HD mouse models independent of changes in PGC-1α transcript, contrary to what would be predicted from a loss-of-function etiological mechanism. These data indicate that PGC-1α is necessary for MSN transcriptional homeostasis and function with age and that, whereas PGC-1α loss in MSNs does not replicate an HD-like phenocopy, its downstream genes are altered in a repeat-length and age-dependent fashion. Understanding the additive effects of PGC-1α gene functional variation and mutant huntingtin on transcription in this cell type may provide insight into the selective vulnerability of MSNs in HD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReductions in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)-mediated transcription have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease (HD). We show that, although PGC-1α-dependent transcription is necessary to maintain medium spiny neuron (MSN) function with age, its loss is insufficient to cause striatal atrophy in mice. We also highlight a set of genes that can serve as proxies for PGC-1α functional activity in the striatum for target engagement studies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PGC-1α-dependent genes are upregulated in a dose- and age-dependent fashion in HD mouse models, contrary to what would be predicted from a loss-of-function etiological mechanism. However, given this role for PGC-1α in MSN transcriptional homeostasis, it is important to consider how genetic variation in PGC-1α could contribute to mutant-huntingtin-induced cell death and disease progression.
Celecoxib Ameliorates Seizure Susceptibility in Autosomal Dominant Lateral Temporal Epilepsy
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhou Liang , Su Li-da , Cao Sheng-Long , Xie Ya-Jun , Wang Na , Shao Chong-Yu , Wang Ya-Nan , Zhou Jia-Huan , Cowell John K. , Shen Ying 
Published: February 2018

Autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE) is an inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene. It is known that glutamatergic transmission is altered in LGI1 mutant mice, and seizures can be reduced by restoring LGI1 function. Yet, the mechanism underlying ADLTE is unclear. Here, we propose that seizures in maleLGI1−/−mice are due to nonsynaptic epileptiform activity in cortical neurons. We examined the intrinsic excitability of pyramidal neurons in the temporal cortex of maleLGI1−/−mice and found that the voltage-gated K+channel Kv1.2 was significantly downregulated. We also found that cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2)-cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) signaling was enhanced inLGI1−/−mice. Interestingly, Cox2 inhibition effectively restored the dysregulated Kv1.2 and reduced the intrinsic excitability of pyramidal neurons. Moreover,in vivoinjection of celecoxib, an FDA-approved nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, rescued the defective Kv1.2 (an ∼1.9-fold increase), thereby alleviating the seizure susceptibility and extending the life ofLGI1−/−mice by 5 d. In summary, we conclude that LGI1 deficiency dysregulates cPLA2-Cox2 signaling to cause hyperexcitability of cortical pyramidal neurons, and celecoxib is a potential agent to manage human ADLTE.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHaploinsufficiency of the leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene is the major pathogenic basis for ADLTE, an inherited syndrome with no cure to date. Existing studies suggest that altered glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus causes this disease, but the data are paradoxical. We demonstrate that the loss of LGI1 decreases Kv1.2 expression, enhances intrinsic excitability, and thereby causes epilepsy. Interestingly, for the first time, we show that an FDA-approved drug, celecoxib, rescues the Kv1.2 defect and alleviates seizure susceptibility inLGI1−/−mice, as well as improving their survival. Thus, we suggest that celecoxib is a promising drug for the treatment of ADLTE patients.
Prospective Observational Study on High-Value Care Topics Discussed on Multidisciplinary Rounds
Authors: Beck Jimmy B. , McDaniel Corrie E. , Bradford Miranda C. , Brock Doug , Sy Carolyn D. , Chen Tiffany , Foti Jeffrey , White Andrew A. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Establishing a high-value care (HVC) culture within an institution requires a multidisciplinary commitment and participation. Bedside rounds provide an ideal environment for role modeling and learning behaviors that promote an HVC culture. However, little is understood regarding the types of HVC discussions that take place at the bedside and who participates in those discussions.

METHODS:
A prospective observational study at a tertiary-care, university-affiliated, free-standing children’s hospital. The prevalence of HVC discussions was captured by using the HVC Rounding Tool, a previously developed instrument with established validity evidence. For each observed HVC discussion, raters recorded who initiated the discussion and a description of the topic.

RESULTS:
Raters observed 660 patient encounters over 59 separate dates. Of all patient encounters, 29% (191 of 660; 95% confidence interval: 26%–33%) included at least 1 observed HVC discussion. The attending physician or fellow initiated 41% of all HVC discussions, followed by residents or medical students (31%), families (12%), and nurses (7%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite a recent focus on improving health care value and educating trainees in the practice of HVC, our study demonstrated that bedside discussions of HVC are occurring with a limited frequency at our institution and that attending physicians initiate the majority of discussions. The capacity of the nonphysician team members to contribute to establishing and sustaining an HVC culture may be underused. Multi-institutional studies are necessary to determine if this is a national trend and whether discussions have an impact on patient outcomes and hospital costs.