bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European partnership on radioactive waste management
Authors: Théodon Louise , Bruggeman Christophe , Göbel Astrid , Holt Erika 
Published: December 2024

The European Commission supports a co-funded European Partnership on radioactive waste management within the EURATOM Work Programme for 2023-2025. This initiative, known as EURAD-2, aims to continue and merge the efforts of the EURAD Programme and the PREDIS project, building on their successes and lessons learned. EURAD-2 addresses the European Union’s 3.5 million m3 radioactive waste inventory with a holistic approach, targeting the whole waste management chain from cradle to grave, up until its final disposal in surface, shallow, and deep geological facilities. As a co-funded Partnership, it supports Member States in meeting the Research, Development and Demonstration requirements of the Waste Directive 2011/70. The programme includes diverse participation, with 51 beneficiary organisations and 69 Affiliated Entities from 21 Member States, funded at 60% by the European Commission and 40% by the participating Member States. Furthermore, it welcomes participation from associated countries and interacts proactively with international organisations such as NEA and IAEA.
The EURAD-2 work plan addresses strategic aspects identified in the updated EURAD Strategic Research and Knowledge Management Agenda. To this end, the Partnership employs different instruments (different types of work packages): research and development – performing cutting-edge science and technology research and innovation; Strategic Studies – shorter-term transversal collaborative actions bringing together relevant actors and addressing emerging needs; Knowledge Management – supporting the transfer of knowledge between different programmes and between generations.
EURAD-2 aspires to contribute as one of the leading European platforms for radioactive waste management competence, know-how, and capabilities, supporting scientific excellence and driving innovation in research and technology for its end users. It aims to be a central hub for training new experts and facilitating high-visibility position papers on emerging topics, further establishing the European Union as the forerunner in safe, long-term radioactive waste management.
Sustainable inventory model with controlled temperature for deteriorating products under preservation technology
Authors: Kumar Subhash , Sarkar Biswajit , Singh S.R. , Kumar Ashok , Sarkar Mitali 
Published: December 2024

The disaster or epidemic has created a terrible situation in front of the whole world. This study saves the Corona vaccine's quality and keeps its demand in mind. This study develops an inventory model for deteriorating products with preservation technology investment under ramp-type demand. Reducing the deterioration rate of items reduces the number of waste items, which is beneficial for the environment. The demand increases at the ramp-type demand rate at the start, and then the market tends to a constant rate until the end of the inventory cycle. Retailers are attempting to reduce emissions, which impacts inventory levels. As a result, the impact of carbon emissions from holding and deterioration costs has been investigated in this study. This study allows for partially backlogging and shortages. The numerical part shows the minimized total cost of this study. The numerical findings indicate that the value of total cost increases due to carbon emissions. The study is analyzed for two cases: Case I shows a difference of 0.45% in total cost due to carbon emission, while Case II shows a difference of 0.20% in total cost due to carbon emission. Carbon emissions and preservation technology have a significant impact on environmental preservation. Finally, numerical examples and graph representation for convexity of total cost and sensitivity analysis are provided to illustrate.
Evaluating the research capacity and culture of an urban Mental Health and Wellbeing Program
Authors: Innes Stanley , Taylor David , Hope Judith 
Published: December 2024

Objective Research capacity in health care involves the ability to conduct, access, evaluate, and apply research evidence and results in elevated quality of care. Despite its significance, mental health organisations face challenges in assessing and enhancing their research capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the research capacity and culture within a large metropolitan health service’s Mental Health and Wellbeing Program (MHWP). Methods A cross-sectional, observational study using the Research Capacity and Culture (RCC) tool was conducted among approximately 1081 MHWP employees. An online survey recorded staff views on research readiness, interest, motivators, and barriers. Results Of 220 survey entries, 100 were completed. The majority were female (n = 68), under 40 years old (n = 51), and employed full-time (n = 54). The highest RCC domain score was for organisational culture. Half of the respondents thought research was not part of their role, yet 70% wanted more involvement. Motivators included skill development, while barriers included a lack of time and funds. Conclusions The findings emphasise the need for targeted strategies to enhance research culture at the individual level. However, opportunities also exist at the team and organisational levels. The study provided insights that can guide future interventions and capacity-building initiatives.
Magnetically modulated Superconductor-Graphene-Superconductor (SGS) Josephson junctions and their tunability
Authors: Banerjee Partha Sarathi , Marathe Rahul , Ghosh Sankalpa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Graphene-based Josephson junctions played an important role in various quantum devices from their inception. Magnetic tunnel junctions or vertical devices were also made out of graphene by exposing the graphene layer to localised pattern of strong magnetic field created by hard ferromagnetic material. By combining the essence of these different methods for constructing graphene based junctions, in this work we propose that the temperature-dependent Josephson current in such junctions can be tuned by exposing the graphene regions to a combination of highly localised non-uniform magnetic field, dubbed as magnetic barrier, and spatially modulated gate voltage. Within the framework of Dirac-Bogoliubov-de-Gennes (DBDG) theory, we show by explicit calculation that in such magnetically modulated Josephson Junctions, the band structure of graphene gets significantly altered, which results in the change of the Andreev reflections in such junctions. This leads to a significant modulation of the Josephson current. We numerically evaluated the Josephson current as a function of the strength of the magnetic barrier and the gate voltage and discussed the practical consequences of such controlling of Josephson currents.
Quasi-projective synchronization of nonidentical fractional-order neural networks with inconsistent orders in quaternion field
Authors: Ansari Md Samshad Hussain , Malik Muslim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present study explores the quasi-projective synchronization (QPS) for nonidentical fractional-order quaternion-valued neural networks (FOQVNNs) with inconsistent orders. We construct two controls: quaternion-valued feedback control and quaternion-valued adaptive control to examine QPS of the FOQVNNs. Rather than employing the conventional separation method, the quaternion-valued state is treated as an integrated whole, and the synchronization results for FOQVNNs are established using the Lyapunov direct method and the fractional derivative properties. Lastly, we give two numerical examples to validate the effectiveness of the acquired results.
Effects of discrete fibre reinforcements on the wear resistance behaviour of polyamide-based spur gears
Authors: Seetharam Pradeep Kumar , Dhamodaran Gopinath , Sugumar Suresh , Mahalingam Karthikeyan , Kandapalam Varatharajan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In many situations, the polymer gears are the perfect replacement for traditional metal gears. Compared to metal gears, the polymer gears will generate more heat at the gear tooth contact surface and more wear loss. Hence, this study aims to decrease the wear loss and increase the load-carrying capacity of the polymer gears. To achieve this, the reinforcement materials were added to the base polymer gear material. In this study, Nylon-66 was chosen as the polymer matrix material and an isolated glass fibre and steel grid were used as the reinforcement materials. Three different types of polymer spur gears such as Polyamide Gear (Nylon-66), Reinforced Polyamide Gear (Nylon-66+Glass Fibre), and Hybrid Glass Fiber Steel Grid Gear (Nylon-66+Glass Fibre+Steel Grid) named PG, RPG and HGFSGG were fabricated using injection moulding machine and each type of gears were compared for wear loss and specific wear rate under the similar testing conditions. The wear test was performed in the Forschungsstelle fur Zahnrader und Getriebebau (FZG) test rig at 1500 rpm with an applied load of 20 N for 12.5 h continuously. From the test results, it was identified that HGFSGG polymer spur gears have exhibited a lower surface temperature and better wear properties compared to the other two types of spur gears. From the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, it was noticed that the PG spur gear exhibited deep and uniform wear at the gear tooth surface. In contrast, RPG spur gear exhibited glass fibre distortion and abrasive-type wear. The SEM micrograph of the HGFSGG spur gear reveals the presence of very few surface flaws in the gear tooth surface.
Advancements in Ge-based thermoelectric materials for efficient waste heat energy conversion: a comprehensive review
Authors: Gupta Shivani , Batra Yogita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Thermoelectric materials hold significant promise for converting waste heat energy into electrical energy. The performance of these materials and devices is assessed using a quantitative measure known as the figure of merit, which relies on the Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of the material. Different classes of thermoelectric materials have their own merits and demerits. High temperature thermoelectric materials are useful for space exploration, automobile applications, etc Many materials have been explored within temperature range of 300–900 K, showing suitable properties for thermoelectric applications. Germanium, an inorganic material is investigated in details, due to its high Seebeck coefficient and better thermal stability. Silicon-Germanium alloys are thermoelectric materials suitable for operating at high temperatures. These materials help in reduction of emission of green house gases. Extensive efforts have been devoted to enhance the efficiency of Germanium-based thermoelectric materials and devices through various techniques such as doping, nanostructuring, electron energy filtering, and band engineering. Recently, a new material Ge0.94Sm0.06Te has been introduced, reporting a high figure of merit value of 2.5 at 730 K. Many theoretical studies are also reported showing the potential of new Germanium-based thermoelectric materials. Further, 2D Germanium-based materials show enhanced thermoelectric properties as well. These findings underscore the significance of Germanium as a thermoelectric material. This review provides an overview of the latest developments in Germanium-based thermoelectric materials and focuses on different strategies to enhance their thermoelectric performance. Additionally, the suitability of various Germanium-based thermoelectric materials in comparison to other materials for energy harvesting applications is extensively discussed in this review.
Improving cutoff frequency estimation via optimized π-pulse sequence
Authors: Zheng 郑 Wang-Sheng 王升 , Zhang 张 Chen-Xia 晨霞 , Gong 龚 Bei-Li 贝利 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The cutoff frequency is one of the crucial parameters that characterize the environment. In this paper, we estimate the cutoff frequency of the Ohmic spectral density by applying the π-pulse sequences (both equidistant and optimized) to a quantum probe coupled to a bosonic environment. To demonstrate the precision of cutoff frequency estimation, we theoretically derive the quantum Fisher information (QFI) and quantum signal-to-noise ratio (QSNR) across sub-Ohmic, Ohmic, and super-Ohmic environments, and investigate their behaviors through numerical examples. The results indicate that, compared to the equidistant π-pulse sequence, the optimized π-pulse sequence significantly shortens the time to reach maximum QFI while enhancing the precision of cutoff frequency estimation, particularly in deep sub-Ohmic and deep super-Ohmic environments.
Friedmann’s Universe Controlled by Gauss-Bonnet Modified Gravity
Authors: Moreira dos Anjos Fábio Henrique , Novello Mario 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider a Lagrangian to describe gravity using a nonlinear term depending on the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. We examine the conditions for a bouncing and the existence of an ulterior accelerated phase of the Universe.
A passive brain–computer interface for operator mental fatigue estimation in monotonous surveillance operations: time-on-task and performance labeling issues
Authors: Hinss Marcel F , Jahanpour Emilie S , Brock Anke M , Roy Raphaëlle N 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective: A central component of search and rescue missions is the visual search of survivors. In large parts, this depends on human operators and is, therefore, subject to the constraints of human cognition, such as mental fatigue (MF). This makes detecting MF a critical step to be implemented in future systems. However, to the best of our knowledge, it has seldom been evaluated using a realistic visual search task. In addition, an accuracy discrepancy exists between studies that use time-on-task (TOT)—the popular method—and performance metrics for labels. Yet, to our knowledge, they have never been directly compared. Approach: This study was designed to address both issues: the use of a realistic task to elicit MF during a monotonous visual search task and the labeling type used for intra-participant fatigue estimation. Over four blocks of 15 min, participants had to identify targets on a computer while their cardiac, cerebral (EEG), and eye-movement activities were recorded. The recorded data were then fed into several physiological computing pipelines. Main results: The results show that the capability of a machine learning algorithm to detect MF depends less on the input data but rather on how MF is defined. Using TOT, very high classification accuracies are obtained (e.g. 99.3%). On the other hand, if MF is estimated based on behavioral performance, a metric with a much greater operational value, classification accuracies return to chance level (i.e. 52.2%). Significance: TOT-based MF estimation is popular, and strong classification accuracies can be achieved with a multitude of sensors. These factors contribute to the popularity of this method, but both usability and the relation to the concept of MF are neglected.
Distribution characteristics of soil Selenium and exogenous Selenium fertilizer enrich Selenium on soybean seeds in Nenjiang City
Authors: Zhang Jiuming , Kuang Enjun , Chi Fengqin , Zhu Yingxue , Yuan Jiahui , Xia Xiaoyu , Gai Ruchun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To study the background value selenium (Se) content in soil and the effect of exogenous Se application on increasing Se content of soybean seeds, 124 soil samples of different soil types were collected in Nenjiang city, Heilongjiang province, which is the primary soybean-producing area of China. The results showed that the soil Se content in Nenjiang city exhibited a range from 0.032 to 0.519 mg/kg, with an average of 0.206 mg/kg, which was lower than the average national Se content of 0.290 mg/kg. It indicated that the soil Se content in Nenjiang city belonged to low Se or Se deficiency level. Further more, the different soil types also showed different results on soil Se content, such as the meadow black soil was the lowest one (0.186 mg/kg) in Nenjiang City. To enhance the Se content of crop by spraying inorganic Se and organic Se fertilizers on leaves at different growth stages of soybean, the best effect on Se-rich soybean seed was spraying Se fertilizer at flowering stage, and the Se content in soybean seeds reached 0.260 mg/kg. It also promoted the yield by the range 2.4%-15.0%. Se-rich by exogenous application was the important way to increase Se content in soybean seeds, which provided theoretical support for the priority development of Se-rich soybean industry and special soybean planting in Nenjiang City.
A Study on Predicting Vibration-Induced Damage of Overhead Oil Pipelines based on Abaqus
Authors: Huang Houzan , Liang Zhu , Yi Xing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Earthquakes are sudden natural disasters that pose a serious threat to human lives and property. Lifeline systems are essential infrastructure and engineering systems that maintain the economic and social functions of cities or regions, including water supply and drainage systems, oil pipelines, gas systems, etc. In the event of a major earthquake, direct damage to lifeline systems can lead to significant economic losses and casualties. Therefore, exploring the deformation and damage characteristics of lifeline pipelines under seismic hazards and conducting risk assessments is of great practical significance. This study takes a typical overhead oil pipeline in Guangzhou as an example and uses the finite element software Abaqus to predict the vibration-induced damage. Ultimately, recommendations for disaster prevention and mitigation are proposed based on the research findings. The results can serve as a reference for seismic damage prediction, research, and disaster prevention and mitigation of urban lifeline systems.
Silver nanoparticles synthesized with green methods using spruce plant extract and their synergistic antibacterial activity
Authors: Okonov Sanchir , Ovsuk Elena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using spruce needle extract, comparing the performance of AgNPs with residual plant extract to that of purified AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed nanoparticles mostly spherical in shape with an average diameter ranging from 16.8nm (nanoparticles in plant extract medium) to 22.6 (pure nanoparticles). Antibacterial tests with the food product showed that the nanoparticles in the plant extract completely inhibited the growth of microorganisms, while in the case of pure nanoparticles a slight microbial growth was observed (34, 7, 41 colonies). This antibacterial activity may be due to the synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles with bioactive compounds found in spruce needle extract - phenolic compounds, flavonoids. They can act as a stabilising medium for nanoparticles and enhance the interaction with bacteria. Also, the high temperatures used purify nanoparticles could cause sticking and agglomeration of the particles, reducing their antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that the use of plant extracts is rational for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, and is applicable in the food industry, where effective and non-hazardous antibacterial agents are required.
Evaluation of the qualitative performance indicators of the experimental OVX-600 sprayer with a pneumatic disk system
Authors: Khojiyev A A , Utepov B B , Narziev Sh M , Yusupkhodjayeva E N , Kholmatova N G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article presents the results of field experiments to determine the quality of cotton processing with an experimental OVX-600 sprayer with a pneumatic disk sprayer in the mode of a low-volume spraying method with a working fluid consumption of 50-100 l/ha. During the field research, a nomogram was compiled to determine the flow rate of working fluid for low-volume spraying, regardless of the type of tractor and at various speed modes of the unit. The results of high-quality processing of cotton with an experimental OVX-600 sprayer with a pneumatic disk sprayer were obtained, which showed that with a capture width of up to 21.6 meters, the deposition of the drug, both in the width of the capture (45.9%) and in the height of the bush (68.1%) of cotton meets agrotechnical requirements. The conducted field experiments have shown that by the density of the coating of the surface of the cotton leaves, and by the dispersion of droplets (80-120 microns), the experimental sample of the OVX-600 sprayer with a pneumatic disk sprayer is quite suitable for use in the mode of low-volume spraying of cotton.
Analysis of the Effect of Land Cover Changes on the Increase in Land Surface Temperature in PT Amman Mineral Mining Area
Authors: Ridha R , Susanti F , Widayanti B H , Hirsan F P , Sampandi M A , Putri D A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Global warming is the process of increasing the average temperature of the atmosphere, one of which is caused by human activities in the use of space which influences the high level of land conversion. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of changes in land cover on increasing land surface temperatures in the area around the AMNT mining area using analytical methodsNormalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Regression statistical analysis. Research resultshows changes in land cover in the last 10 years from 2013 to 2023. An increase in land surface temperature at the study location, based on the results of Land Surface Temperature (LST) analysis shows an average increase in temperature of 1 °C in the last 10 years where temperature the minimum reached 22 °C while the maximum temperature reached 30 °C and the level of influence of land cover changes on the increase in land surface temperature based on simple linear regression analysis showed the level of influence reached 85.33% and was included in the very influential category.
Effect of phosphoric acid composition in the production and characterization of coal activated carbon
Authors: Suliestyah  , Tuheteru E J , Yulianti R , Palit C , Astuti A D , Sari I P , Putri S D , Tanjung A J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Liquid waste containing heavy metals must be treated before being released into the environment. This study investigated the potential of coal-derived activated carbon as an adsorbent in AMD (Acid Mine Drainage) treatment. Coal was activated with H3PO4 with five weight ratios (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), carbonized for 120 min at 650 °C, and subjected to the proximate analysis of activated carbon. The results showed that the water content, ash content, volatile matter content, and fixed carbon were generally in accordance with Indonesian standards (SNI). The results of FT-IR and SEM on BET surface area and total pore volume of activated carbon were 296.4 m2/g and 0.1562 cc/g, respectively, indicative of sizeable pores, cracks, channels, and active groups. The iodine outnumbered the minimum limit in the SNI, and the activated carbon quantity consistently increased with H3PO4 ratios. The iodine produced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% H3PO4 was 956.95 mg/g, 967.13 mg/g, 1,221.63 mg/g, 1,206.346 mg/g, and 865.32 mg/g., respectively.