bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Circuits Integration in Textiles for Data Processing in Wearable Technologies
Authors: de Mulatier Séverine , Nasreldin Mohamed , Delattre Roger , Ramuz Marc , Djenizian Thierry 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo become an integral part of the everyday outfits, wearable electronics are expected to be lightweight, conformable, imperceptible for the user and life‐proof. The prospect of integrating modern technologies in clothes requires electronic circuits in textiles which are able to perform complex computing with high reliability. Four approaches to smart textile fabrication are described in this review: textile circuits, functionalized fibers, flexible circuits, and hybrid stretchable circuits. In the first two, fabric serves as a substrate for the electronic circuit to maintain essential textile properties. In basic textile circuits, standard electronic components directly attached to fiber tracks insure elementary electronic functionalities while remaining a noninvasive solution. Then, functionalized fibers replace the rigid electronic parts, to make the electronics even more integrated, merging inside the core of the fiber. These most recent works are today limited to basic logic circuitry and quasi‐static applications. The third and fourth approaches have shown the advantages to rely on well‐established technologies with dedicated flexible/stretchable hybrid substrates processed separately from the garment. Despite a loss in wearing comfort, this axis of research is driven by the superior computational performances.
Design of Electrocatalysts and Electrochemical Cells for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reactions
Authors: Yang Wanfeng , Dastafkan Kamran , Jia Chen , Zhao Chuan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractElectrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction can produce valuable carbonaceous compounds that are in significant demand, due to its ability to decrease the accumulated atmospheric CO2 and improve the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. Considering the sluggish kinetics of CO2 reduction reaction, the multielectron–proton transfer process, and the inevitable mixed reduction products, designing efficient and robust electrocatalysts that benefit from the structure–activity relationship is the focus to promote CO2 conversion. In this review, various metal‐based materials are first classified and discussed in terms of their structural and elemental compositions for catalytic behaviors. Afterward, the most intrinsic microstructural/electronic effects as well as the influence of compositional alteration on the catalyst activity, selectivity, and stability are summarized. Additionally, recent attempts to develop the assigned electrochemical cells are surveyed and described from a technological point of view.
An Environment‐Friendly Strategy for One‐Step Turning Cr(VI) Contaminant into a Cr‐Loaded Catalyst for CO2 Utilization
Authors: Jiang Wei , Liu Qiang , Tao Yang , Mu Kequan , Wang Zheng , Zhu Yingming , Yue Hairong , Liang Bin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA one‐step strategy to obtain a high‐performance catalyst from Cr(VI)‐containing wastewater by the photoreduction process is described. ZrO2 is employed as a wide bandgap and high conduction‐band photocatalyst to reduce, capture, and immobilize Cr(VI) ions under UV light irradiation. The byproduct of this step is used as a catalyst for the CO2 reverse water‐gas shift (RWGS) reaction. The total Cr content in water decreases to 0.0413 mg L−1 in 3 h, fulfilling the strictest wastewater standard. The soluble Cr(VI) species is converted into Cr(0) and Cr(III), and fixed on the ZrO2 surface to form Cr@ZrO2 as a byproduct with highly dispersed Cr species. Using this byproduct as a catalyst for the RWGS reaction results in almost thermal equilibrium conversion under 500 °C with 100% CO selectivity. This environment‐friendly and economic strategy is very promising for controlling heavy metal pollution and comprehensive CO2 utilization.
Insights into the Na+ Storage Mechanism of Phosphorus‐Functionalized Hard Carbon as Ultrahigh Capacity Anodes
Authors: Li Yu , Yuan Yifei , Bai Ying , Liu Yuanchang , Wang Zhaohua , Li Limin , Wu Feng , Amine Khalil , Wu Chuan , Lu Jun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHard carbon as a typical anode material for sodium ion batteries has received much attention in terms of its low cost and renewability. Herein, phosphorus‐functionalized hard carbon with a specific “honeycomb briquette” shaped morphology is synthesized via electrospinning technology. When applied as an anode material for Na+ storage, it exhibits an impressively high reversible capacity of 393.4 mA h g−1 with the capacity retention up to 98.2% after 100 cycles. According to first‐principle calculation, the ultrahigh capacity of the as‐prepared anode is ascribed to the enhancement of Na‐absorption through formation of PO and PC bonds in graphitic layers when doped with phosphorus. Moreover, the increase of electron density around the Fermi level is found to be mainly caused by O atoms instead of P atoms.
Standardized morbidity ratios of four chronic health conditions among World Trade Center responders: Comparison to the National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Kim Hyun , Kriebel David , Liu Bian , Baron Sherrry , Mongin Steven , Baidwan Navneet K. , Moline Jacqueline M. 
Published: March 2018

PurposeWe conducted external comparisons for the prevalence of asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer among World Trade Center (WTC) general responders using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) as the reference, along with internal comparisons for the incidence of asthma.MethodsStandardized Morbidity Ratios (SMRs) were calculated for the prevalence of the health conditions, and risk ratios (RRs) for asthma incidence.ResultsRelative to the NHIS, asthma prevalence was in excess in responders over the study years (age‐adjusted SMRs = 1.3‐2.8). Hypertension prevalence began to exceed expected from 2006 while diabetes was lower than expected. An upward trend towards excess cancer prevalence was observed. Internal comparisons showed elevated asthma incidence among protective service and utility workers compared to construction workers; while those who arrived at the WTC site in the morning of 9/11 had a lower asthma risk than those who arrived in the afternoon.ConclusionsThe use of NHIS data as a reference population demonstrates and reconfirms several important patterns of excess risk in WTC responders. External comparisons are an alternative for disaster cohorts without an established comparison group.
Electro‐Controlled Living Cationic Polymerization
Authors: Sang Wei , Yan Qiang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCationic polymerizations have long been industrialized; however, stimulus‐regulated cationic polymerization remains to be developed. An electrochemically controlled living cationic polymerization is presented for the first time. In the presence of external potential and organic‐based electrocatalyst, a series of monomers can be polymerized under a cationic chain‐transfer mechanism. The resulting polymers exhibit well‐defined molecular mass, narrow dispersity, and good chain‐end fidelity. By controlling the external potential to switch the electrocatalyst between its oxidized and reduced states, ON/OFF polymerization can be achieved. This method is a versatile way to a large range of monomers, including vinyl ether‐type and p‐substituted styrene‐type monomers. Given the sustainability feature and broad interest of electrochemical synthetic techniques, we envisaged that this method would lead a new direction of external regulated living ionic polymerization.
A Regularly Channeled Lamellar Membrane for Unparalleled Water and Organics Permeation
Authors: Wang Jingtao , Chen Pingping , Shi Benbing , Guo Weiwei , Jaroniec Mietek , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLamellar membranes show exceptional molecular permeation properties of key importance for many applications. However, their design and development need the construction of regular and straight interlayer channels and the establishment of corresponding transport rate equation. The fabrication of a uniformly lamellar membrane is reported using double‐layered Ti3C2Tx MXenes as rigid building blocks. This membrane possesses ordered and straight 2 nm channels formed via a direct self‐stacking, in contrast to the conventional irregular ones from flexible sheets. Such channels permit precise molecular rejection and unparalleled molecular permeation. The permeance of water and organics by this membrane reached 2300 and 5000 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, respectively. The molecular transfer mechanism in confined nanochannels, and the corresponding model equation are established, paving a way to nanoscale design of highly efficient channeled membranes for transport and separation applications.
Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Siladenoserinol A and its Analogues
Authors: Yoshida Masahito , Saito Koya , Kato Hikaru , Tsukamoto Sachiko , Doi Takayuki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe total synthesis of siladenoserinol A, an inhibitor of the p53–Hdm2 interaction, has been achieved. AuCl3‐catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of an alkynoate derivative smoothly and regioselectively proceeded to afford a bicycloketal in excellent yield. A glycerophosphocholine moiety was successfully introduced through the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction using an originally developed phosphonoacetate derivative. Finally, removal of the acid‐labile protecting groups, followed by regioselective sulfamate formation of the serinol moiety afforded the desired siladenoserinol A, and benzoyl and desulfamated analogues were also successfully synthesized. Biological evaluation showed that the sulfamate is essential for biological activity, and modification of the acyl group on the bicycloketal can improve the inhibitory activity against the p53–Hdm2 interaction.
Palladium/Norbornene‐Catalyzed C−H Alkylation/Alkyne Insertion/Indole Dearomatization Domino Reaction: Assembly of Spiroindolenine‐Containing Pentacyclic Frameworks
Authors: Bai Lu , Liu Jingjing , Hu Wenjie , Li Kunyu , Wang Yaoyu , Luan Xinjun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractReported is a highly chemoselective intermolecular annulation of indole‐based biaryls with bromoalkyl alkynes by using palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis. This reaction is realized through a sequence of Catellani‐type C−H alkylation, alkyne insertion, and indole dearomatization, by forming two C(sp2)−C(sp3) and one C(sp2)−C(sp2) bonds in a single chemical operation, thus providing a diverse range of pentacyclic molecules, containing a spiroindolenine fragment, in good yields with excellent functional‐group tolerance. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that C−H bond cleavage is likely involved in the rate‐determining step, and the indole dearomatization might take place through an olefin coordination/insertion and β‐hydride elimination Heck‐type pathway.
Simple Synthesis of Functionalized 2‐Phosphanaphthalenes
Authors: Mei Yanbo , Wu Dong‐Jun , Borger Jaap E. , Grützmacher Hansjörg 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA simple synthesis of sodium 2‐phosphanaphthalene‐3‐olate (1) based on the extrusion of N2 from phthalazine using Na[OCP] is reported. This heterocycle can be readily functionalized at the negatively charged oxygen center using a variety of electrophilic substrates. The coordination chemistry of both 1 and its neutral derivatives was explored, revealing their facile use as P‐donor ligands for late‐transition‐metal complexes.
Oxa[7]superhelicene: A π‐Extended Helical Chromophore Based on Hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronenes
Authors: Reger David , Haines Philipp , Heinemann Frank W. , Guldi Dirk M. , Jux Norbert 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA novel π‐extended “superhelicene” based on hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronenes (HBCs) has been synthesized by an efficient four‐step synthetic procedure starting from diphenyl ether. Comprehensive structural analysis of the helicene was performed by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry measurements together with X‐ray analysis. Physicochemical analysis of the superhelicene and suitable HBC references revealed it had outstanding fluorescent features with quantum yields of over 80 %.
Inducing Axial Chirality in a Supramolecular Catalyst
Authors: Wenz Katharina Marie , Leonhardt‐Lutterbeck Günter , Breit Bernhard 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new type of ligand, which is able to form axially chiral, supramolecular complexes was designed using DFT calculations. Two chiral monomers, each featuring a covalently bound chiral auxiliary, form a bidentate phosphine ligand with a twisted, hydrogen‐bonded backbone upon coordination to a transition metal center which results in two diastereomeric, tropos complexes. The ratio of the diastereomers in solution is very temperature‐ and solvent‐dependent. Rhodium and platinum complexes were analyzed through a combination of NMR studies, ESI‐MS measurements, as well as UV‐VIS and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The chiral self‐organized ligands were evaluated in the rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α‐dehydrogenated amino acids and resulted in good conversion and high enantioselectivity. This research opens the way for new ligand designs based on stereocontrol of supramolecular assemblies through stereodirecting chiral centers.
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to produce succinate from soybean hydrolysate under anaerobic conditions
Authors: Zhu Fayin , Wang Yuanshan , San Ka‐Yiu , Bennett George N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is of great economic interest to produce succinate from low‐grade carbon sources, which can enhance the competitiveness of the biological route. In this study, succinate producer Escherichia coli CT550/pHL413KF1 was further engineered to efficiently use the mixed sugars from non‐food based soybean hydrolysate to produce succinate under anaerobic conditions. Since many common E. coli strains fail to use galactose anaerobically even if they can use it aerobically, the glucose, and galactose related sugar transporters were deactivated individually and evaluated. The PTS system was found to be important for utilization of mixed sugars, and galactose uptake was activated by deactivating ptsG. In the ptsG− strain, glucose, and galactose were used simultaneously. Glucose was assimilated mainly through the mannose PTS system while galactose was transferred mainly through GalP in a ptsG− strain. A new succinate producing strain, FZ591C which can efficiently produce succinate from the mixed sugars present in soybean hydrolysate was constructed by integration of the high succinate yield producing module and the galactose utilization module into the chromosome of the CT550 ptsG− strain. The succinate yield reached 1.64 mol/mol hexose consumed (95% of maximum theoretical yield) when a mixed sugars feedstock was used as a carbon source. Based on the three monitored sugars, a nominal succinate yield of 1.95 mol/mol was observed as the strain can apparently also use some other minor sugars in the hydrolysate. In this study, we demonstrate that FZ591C can use soybean hydrolysate as an inexpensive carbon source for high yield succinate production under anaerobic conditions, giving it the potential for industrial application.
Unexpected delayed complete atrioventricular block after Cardioband implantation
Authors: Sorini Dini Carlotta , Landi Daniele , Meucci Francesco , Di Mario Carlo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Cardioband system is a transcatheter direct annuloplasty device that is implanted in patients with severe symptomatic functional mitral regurgitation (MR) due to annulus dilatation and high surgical risk. This device covers the posterior two‐thirds of the annulus, from the anterolateral to the posteromedial commissure, implanted in close proximity of the left circumflex artery, atrioventricular (AV) conduction system, and coronary sinus. We present the case of an 80‐year‐old‐gentleman with prohibitive surgical risk, treated with Cardioband implantation for functional MR with an evident P1–P2 cleft and P2–P3 indentation, a relative contraindication to MitraClip implantation. We achieved procedural success with significative mitral annulus reduction (30% anteroposterior reduction from 37 to 26 mm) and MR reduction (from grade 4 to grade 1–2). A late onset Mobitz 2 AV block developed after 26 hr and evolved to complete AV block in the following day, requiring definitive biventricular pacemaker (PM). Less than 200 Cardioband implantations have been performed but, to our knowledge, this is the first reported AV block, possibly facilitated by the pre‐existing bifascicular block, suggesting the opportunity of prolonged ECG monitoring after Cardioband like any other mechanical transcatheter structural intervention possibly affecting the AV conduction system.
Patient‐reported outcomes from a phase 3 randomized controlled trial of inotuzumab ozogamicin versus standard therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kantarjian Hagop M. , Su Yun , Jabbour Elias J. , Bhattacharyya Helen , Yan Eric , Cappelleri Joseph C. , Marks David I. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDInotuzumab ozogamicin (InO), an anti‐CD22 antibody‐calicheamicin conjugate, demonstrated superior clinical activity versus standard‐of‐care (SOC) chemotherapies for relapsed/refractory B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the phase 3 randomized controlled INO‐VATE trial. The authors assessed patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) from that study.METHODSPatients were randomized to receive either InO (1.8 mg/m2 per cycle for ≤6 cycles) or SOC (fludarabine/cytarabine [ara‐C]/granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, or ara‐C plus mitoxantrone, or high‐dose ara‐C for ≤4 cycles) and completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and the EuroQoL 5 Dimensions Questionnaires at baseline, on day 1 of each cycle, and at the end of treatment. Treatment differences in PROs were assessed using longitudinal mixed‐effects models with random intercepts and slopes.RESULTSQuestionnaire completion rates in the InO (n = 164) and SOC (n = 162) arms were 85% and 65%, respectively. Baseline scores were similar between arms. Patients who received InO reported better quality of life (QoL), functioning, and symptom scores (except for constipation and emotional functioning). Least‐squares mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) differences in physical, role, and social functioning and in appetite loss were significant (6.9 [95% CI, 1.4‐12.3], 11.4 [95% CI, 3.2‐19.5], 8.4 [95% CI, 0.7‐16.1], and −8.7 [95% CI, −16.0 to −1.4], respectively; all P < .05) and had exceeded the minimally important difference of 5. Mean treatment differences in favor of InO on the EuroQoL visual analog scale and the global health status/QoL, dyspnea, and fatigue scales reached or approached the minimally important difference of 5, although without statistical significance. No dimensions were significantly worse with InO versus SOC.CONCLUSIONSThe current PRO data support the favorable benefit/risk ratio of InO for the treatment of relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with superior clinical efficacy and better QoL. Cancer 2018;124:2151‐60. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Probing the Mechanical Response of Luminescent Dithiol‐Protected Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 Cluster Crystals
Authors: Sugi Korath Shivan , Mallikarjunachari Gangapuram , Som Anirban , Ghosh Pijush , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAtomically precise clusters of noble metals are considered to be an important class of advanced materials. Crystals of these clusters composed of inorganic cores and organic ligands are fascinating owing to their tunable and unique properties. Understanding their mechanical properties can give more insight into the design of nanocluster‐based devices. Here, we probe the mechanical response of single crystals of Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 cluster (BDT=1,3 benzenedithiol, TPP=triphenylphosphine) under both quasi‐static and dynamic loading conditions. Surprisingly, the measured reduced Young's modulus (Er) and hardness (H) were 4.48 and 0.285 GPa, respectively, similar to those of polymers and much smaller than the values for bulk silver. These observations indicate a significant role of capping ligands on the physical properties of such materials. The observed storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor were also found to be similar to those of polymers. The magnitude of loss factor suggested the ability of nanocrystals to absorb energy under dynamic loading. These studies of mechanical properties of cluster materials could be useful in developing their applications.
Supplementing non‐target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals
Authors: Reed J. Hunter , Bonter David N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough the effects of bird feeding on avian species have been extensively examined, few studies evaluate the indirect effects of bird feeding on non‐target taxa. Bird seed could provide direct nourishment to several mammalian species (e.g., Lagomorpha, Rodentia, and Cetartiodactyla), potentially altering their distribution and behavior with possible unintended consequences for some avian populations, particularly those not directly benefiting from the resource. To examine how bird feeders may influence the presence and behavior of mammals, we used camera traps to quantify differences in the distribution and richness of mammal species frequenting sites with bird feeders and control sites (lacking feeders) in Ithaca, New York, USA. We recorded 15,684 images capturing 12 mammal species with gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and raccoon (Procyon lotor) detected significantly more often at feeder sites than at control sites. Detections of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) marginally increased near feeders whereas detections of several carnivorous species were unrelated to the presence of bird feeders. We recorded larger gray squirrel and raccoon group sizes and greater mammal richness at feeder sites than at nearby control sites. We detected squirrels and raccoons less when snow covered the ground than on snow‐free days. Ambient temperature was not a strong predictor of mammal detections. Camera trapping revealed strong, species‐specific patterns in the timing of daily visitation to areas with feeders. Because many mammals depredate bird nests, the local increases in mammal richness and activity near bird feeders may create an ecological trap for avian species nesting in close proximity to supplemental feeding stations.