bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chance, long tails, and inference in a non-Gaussian, Bayesian theory of vocal learning in songbirds
Authors: Zhou Baohua , Hofmann David , Pinkoviezky Itai , Sober Samuel J. , Nemenman Ilya 
Published: August 2018

Significance
Skilled behaviors are learned through a series of trial and error. The ubiquity of such processes notwithstanding, current theories of learning fail to explain how the speed and the magnitude of learning depend on the pattern of experienced sensory errors. Here, we introduce a theory, formulated and tested in the context of a specific behavior—vocal learning in songbirds. The theory explains the observed dependence of learning on the dynamics of sensory errors. Furthermore, it makes additional strong predictions about the dynamics of learning that we verify experimentally.
A monumental cemetery built by eastern Africa’s first herders near Lake Turkana, Kenya
Authors: Hildebrand Elisabeth A. , Grillo Katherine M. , Sawchuk Elizabeth A. , Pfeiffer Susan K. , Conyers Lawrence B. , Goldstein Steven T. , Hill Austin Chad , Janzen Anneke , Klehm Carla E. , Helper Mark , Kiura Purity , Ndiema Emmanuel , Ngugi Cecilia , Shea John J. , Wang Hong 
Published: August 2018

SignificanceArchaeologists have long sought monumental architecture’s origins among societies that were becoming populous, sedentary, and territorial. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, dispersed pastoralists pioneered monumental construction. Eastern Africa’s earliest monumental site was built by the region’s first herders ∼5,000–4,300 y ago as the African Humid Period ended and Lake Turkana’s shoreline receded. Lothagam North Pillar Site was a massive communal cemetery with megalithic pillars, stone circles, cairns, and a mounded platform accommodating an estimated several hundred burials. Its mortuary cavity held individuals of mixed ages/sexes, with diverse adornments. Burial placement and ornamentation do not suggest social hierarchy. Amidst profound landscape changes and the socioeconomic uncertainties of a moving pastoral frontier, monumentality was an important unifying force for eastern Africa’s first herders.
Closely packed, low reorganization energy π-extended postfullerene acceptors for efficient polymer solar cells
Authors: Swick Steven M. , Zhu Weigang , Matta Micaela , Aldrich Thomas J. , Harbuzaru Alexandra , Lopez Navarrete J. Teodomiro , Ponce Ortiz Rocio , Kohlstedt Kevin L. , Schatz George C. , Facchetti Antonio , Melkonyan Ferdinand S. , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: August 2018

Significance
For producing electricity, polymer solar cells (PSCs) offer properties tunability, light weight, scalability, and earth-abundant materials. PSC active layers typically consist of donor polymer and fullerene acceptor blends having discrete conduits for photogenerated hole and electron conduction. The spherical fullerene shape, which enables close packing, orbital degeneracies, and low charge-transfer reorganization energies, is thought to be essential for efficient photocurrent generation and high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, the recent advent of irregularly shaped indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) acceptors yielding higher PCEs challenges the fullerene paradigm. In a combined experimental and theoretical study with two new isomeric IDTT derivatives, we shed light on the basis of this performance in terms of surprisingly close molecular packing, strong electronic coupling, and low reorganization energies.
gemBS: high throughput processing for DNA methylation data from bisulfite sequencing
Authors: Merkel Angelika , Fernández-Callejo Marcos , Casals Eloi , Marco-Sola Santiago , Schuyler Ronald , Gut Ivo G , Heath Simon C 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
DNA methylation is essential for normal embryogenesis and development in mammals and can be captured at single base pair resolution by whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). Current available analysis tools are becoming rapidly outdated as they lack sensible functionality and efficiency to handle large amounts of data now commonly created.

Results
We developed gemBS, a fast high-throughput bioinformatics pipeline specifically designed for large scale BS-Seq analysis that combines a high performance BS-mapper (GEM3) and a variant caller specifically for BS-Seq data (BScall). gemBS provides genotype information and methylation estimates for all genomic cytosines in different contexts (CpG and non-CpG) and a set of quality reports for comprehensive and reproducible analysis. gemBS is highly modular and can be easily automated, while producing robust and accurate results.

Availability and implementation
gemBS is released under the GNU GPLv3+ license. Source code and documentation are freely available from www.statgen.cat/gemBS.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Determining the impact of commercial feed additives as potential porcine epidemic diarrhea virus mitigation strategies as determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis and bioassay1
Authors: Gebhardt Jordan T , Woodworth Jason C , Jones Cassandra K , Tokach Mike D , Gauger Philip C , Main Rodger G , Zhang Jianqiang , Chen Qi , DeRouchey Joel M , Goodband Robert D , Stark Charles R , Bergstrom Jon R , Bai Jianfa , Dritz Steve S 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Mitigation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was assessed using two feed additives (0.5% inclusion of a benzoic acid [BA] product and 0.02% inclusion of an essential oil [EO] product; DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsippany, NJ), and combination of both products (0.5% BA and 0.02% EO) in spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) and a swine gestation diet (FEED) as determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and bioassay. Viral RNA quantification was performed at 7 sampling days post-laboratory inoculation (d 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 42) and infectivity was assessed via bioassay with 10-d-old pigs. There was a tendency for treatment × feed matrix × day interaction (P = 0.094), in which the cycle threshold (Ct) value increased over time in FEED when treated with both feed additives, whereas there was no increase over time observed in SDPP treated with both feed additives. There was a feed matrix × day interaction (P &lt; 0.001) in which Ct increased over time in FEED, whereas very little increase over time was observed in SDPP. A tendency for a treatment × feed matrix effect (P = 0.085) was observed where FEED treated with the combination of EO and BA had a greater (P &lt; 0.05) PEDV Ct value than other FEED treatments, and all SDPP treatments had the lower PEDV Ct values compared to FEED treatments (P &lt; 0.05). Overall, the combination of both feed additives was most effective at reducing the quantity of genetic material as detected by qRT-PCR (P &lt; 0.001) compared to either additive alone or no feed additive. Virus shedding was observed in the d 7 postinoculation SDPP treatment that was treated with both feed additives, as well as d 0 untreated FEED and d 0 FEED treated with both feed additives. No other treatment bioassay room had detectible RNA shed and detected in fecal swabs or cecal contents. In summary, the combination of EO and BA enhanced the degradation of PEDV RNA in feed but had little impact on RNA degradation in SDPP. Both untreated feed and feed treated with the combination of EO and BA resulted in infection at d 0 post-laboratory inoculation; however, neither set of samples was infective at d 1 postinoculation. In addition, SDPP harbored greater levels of quantifiable RNA for a longer duration of time compared to FEED, and these viral particles remained viable for a longer duration of time indicating differences in viral stability exist between different feed matrices.
Case of Early Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis With Prominent Magnetic Resonance Imaging Plexus Abnormalities
Authors: Zubair Adeel S. , Mustafa Rafid , Amrami Kimberly K. , Crum Brian A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disorder, which is characterized by progressive upper and lower motor neuron signs and symptoms, resulting in progressive muscle weakness. There are very rare reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities within the nerve roots or plexus reported in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, we report a patient who presented with progressive left arm weakness and was found to have bilateral MRI plexus abnormalities. This report illustrates that MRI plexus abnormalities can be seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, possibly before symptoms, and may have clinical value in the diagnostic process.
Are Adult ADHD Patients Good Informants of Their Symptoms? A Qualitative Literature Review of Concordance Between Clinician and Self-Report ADHD Symptoms
Authors: Abrams Jessica , Faraone Stephen V. , Woodworth K. Yvonne , Spencer Thomas J. , Biederman Itai , Biederman Joseph 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
To conduct a comprehensive review on the agreement between clinician-rated and self-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults, the following terms were searched in PubMed: “ADHD self-concordance,” “Self-report AND ADHD AND Valid,” “(self-report) AND ADHD AND clinician,” and “(self-report) AND ADHD AND versus AND investigator.” Nine articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria (English language, operationalized measures of clinician-rated and self-reported ADHD, and neither a review nor opinion article). Among the clinical studies, correlation coefficients were on average 0.69 for the total ADHD symptoms score. The epidemiological studies had an average kappa statistic of 0.58 for ADHD diagnoses. The studies of adult relatives of youth with ADHD had an average correlation coefficient of 0.74 for the ADHD total symptoms score. Our review supports the informativeness of self-reported assessments of ADHD symptoms, which has important implications for management and monitoring of ADHD.
Comparison of Clinical Significance of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Soares Mariana Carret , Mondin Thaíse Campos , Silva Giovanna Del Grande da , Barbosa Luana Porto , Molina Mariane Lopez , Jansen Karen , Souza Luciano Dias de Mattos , Silva Ricardo Azevedo da 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two brief psychotherapy models for major depressive disorder (MDD). This is a randomized clinical trial with 247 individuals diagnosed with MDD. Supportive-expressive dynamic psychotherapy (SEDP) (18 sessions) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (16 sessions) were the two models used in this study. Participants were evaluated at baseline, during treatment, and postintervention (last session). Clinically significant changes were found in both psychotherapy models, and CBT showed higher response rates. Regarding the Beck Depression Inventory-II [F(1,120) = 4.07, p = 0.046] and Outcome Questionnaire 45.2 [F(1.114) = 7.99, p = 0.006], CBT had a better effect than SEDP. Hence, the results obtained have contributed to literature, served to corroborate the importance and effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy, as well as explored the mechanisms of change, remission, and response in the treatment of MDD, which have been ignored to a large extent.
Decomposing attitudes towards food leftovers
Authors: Lorenz Bettina Anne-Sophie , Langen Nina , Hartmann Monika , Klink-Lehmann Jeanette 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding about the determinants of consumer food leftovers in out-of-home settings by taking a decomposed perspective on attitudes.

Design/methodology/approach
Data on 307 guests in a university canteen composing of stated measures for 12 beliefs, general attitude and behavioral intention and of visually estimated food leftovers are analyzed using exploratory factor and path analyses.

Findings
A factor analysis for belief statements derives three distinctive and potentially conflicting attitude dimensions: “Environment,” “Self-Interest” and “Resources.” Path analyses on their interrelation with general attitude, intention and behavior indicate that the dimensions have distinctive effects. Moreover, “Self-Interest” in contrast to the other two dimensions is correlated with situational perceptions about portion size and taste when these are included as direct determinants of leftovers.

Research limitations/implications
It is recommended to consider different dimensions of attitude when addressing food leftover behavior since these dimensions may not be well represented in a classical summary construct and since their relevance may differ depending on situational factors. Additional research is recommended to validate the results for more representative samples of consumers and to elaborate on the interaction of different attitude dimensions as potential source of attitude ambivalence which cannot clearly be determined from the existing data.

Originality/value
Past research on consumer food waste behavior models attitudes exclusively as a summary construct. This contradicts qualitative findings that individuals may hold conflicting beliefs about food leftovers.
Key barriers in the growth of rural health care: an ISM-MICMAC approach
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Sharma Roopali 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe health care industry has experienced vibrant growth since the last few decades. Total health care business has reached more than US$160bn in the country and is still growing, but sustainable growth of industry is a major area of concern. An unsustainable and uneven growth might contribute in growth presently, but will not help in the long run due to extinction in future. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe research has been divided into two phases to analyze the barriers to achieve sustainable growth, i.e., identification of barriers and their analysis. The study has used three different research phases: identification of barriers from the literature, interviews with experts of industry and designing an ISM model. The identification phase led to the selection of 19 barriers from literature and by suggestions from industrial experts. The interpretive structural modeling (ISM) analysis was used to understand the impact and linkage of identified barriers. The barriers are further classified into four major categories on the basis of drive power and dependence power using “Matrices d’Impacts Croises Multiplication. Appliqué a un Classement” analysis.FindingsThe present research identifies 19 barriers in the field of growth of health care mainly in rural area with 11 levels in ISM-designed model. Barriers such as lack of awareness, medical mistrust, cost/benefit, transportation, high out of pocket expenditure, lack of health insurance, medical unawareness and the cultural dimension (traditional beliefs) have very high dependency power. These variables are highly influenced by other barriers. Barriers such as low outreach (geographical reach), information and communication, insufficient capacity planning, and highest growth in population have very high driving and dependence power. They have a very high impact on the system as any change in them will have a direct impact on others. Remaining seven selected barriers have a very high driving power and they are generally independent in nature and have less impact on the system as whole.Social implicationsThis study seeks to identify which barrier is acting as the most dominant one and this result is helpful for policy-makers to achieve goals of National Health Mission (NHM) by removing the dominant barrier.Originality/valueTotal health care business reaches more than US$160bn in the country and is still growing, but sustainable growth of industry is a major area of concern. This paper is one of the preliminary attempts to identify which barrier is acting as the most dominant one and this result is helpful for policy-makers to achieve the goals of NHM by removing the dominant barrier.
Linking loneliness to depression: a dynamic perspective
Authors: Mishra Sushanta K. , Kodwani Amitabh Deo , Kumar Kunal Kamal , Jain Kamal K. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of change in loneliness on the experience of depression among the students in a business school in India. Building on the literature, the authors argued the dynamic nature of loneliness and depression and subsequently explored the linkage between change in loneliness and associated change in the experience of depression. Further, the purpose is also to explore whether such linkage depends on individual personality factors.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is part of a bigger study that employed a longitudinal survey design. Data were collected in two phases with a six-month time lag between the phases. Data were initially collected in July 2014, and again with all measures repeated in January, 2015. Data were collected from two sections from the undergraduate program participants at one of the reputed institutions in India. Demographic variables such as gender, number of siblings, and family type (nuclear family or joint family) were collected. The authors controlled for age and qualification as all the students have the same qualification and almost all of them were in the same age group. All these variables were controlled due to their probable interference with the proposed theoretical model.FindingsThe findings reveal a significant role of loneliness on experience of depression and a moderating role of personality on the relationship. The linkage between change in loneliness and change in depression was found to be higher among those people who were high on extraversion. The findings clearly indicate that the impact of loneliness will be more as the need for attachment is high for individuals having higher extraversion.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research may explore the role of neuroticism in the link between loneliness and depression.Practical implicationsThe findings of this longitudinal study are very relevant for all the professional groups in the college/university setting. It is important for students as well as college authorities to understand the dynamic nature and relationship of loneliness and depression, as well as the role of personality factors. Routine monitoring as well as various educational programs may be included as regular components of campus culture. Even curriculum can also be fine-tuned. Various programs can be designed to improve interpersonal skills, cognitive understanding, and resolution of aversive emotions, as these college going students or buddying managers are more receptive to intervention programs.Originality/valueThe paper clearly reflects its originality. It adds value in the form of contribution to theoretical development as well as to various college authorities to handle students emotions effectively.
Social and economic inequality limits disaster prevention amongst the most vulnerable in Vietnam
Authors: Chantry Guillaume , Norton John 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Vietnam is historically hit by extensive disasters. However, the most vulnerable populations are far from being backed by national/local programmes to reduce disaster impacts on their well-being. In practice, political and socio-economic top-down organisation, channels efforts and limited resources into wealthier parts of the country. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Learning from 30 years work in Vietnam, this paper presents how “horizontal” solidarity and networking should be promoted and reinforced to really target the needs of vulnerable poor communities. Findings on conditions and challenges are based on practical experience, from family/village level to provincial/national administration, in promoting safe housing and safer communities and in evaluating the barriers for extending and sharing such practices.

Findings
Political environments in South East Asian countries become similar to Vietnamese systems, and share a common attitude towards DRR (and CCA): official statements reaffirm the need for DRR at all levels, and the CC threats for local development. But year after year, the situation of marginalised or low-income poor facing disasters does not really see progress.

Originality/value
New data collecting methods and technologies are proposed, resilience is quoted as criteria for development, but the major issue remains: how could communities be “at the frontline” when receiving so little “backline” support and resources, compared to benefits from capitalist development shared by only richer parts of society – not concerned in the same way by disasters? The SFDRR in encouraging non-compulsory Civil Society involvement will remain inadequate faced with the increased vulnerability by Vietnam and South East Asian inhabitants.
Analysis of user-generated comments posted during live matches of the Cricket World Cup 2015
Authors: Banerjee Snehasish 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze user-generated comments posted on social media while live matches were being played during the Cricket World Cup 2015.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from Yahoo! Cricket (YC), a website that allows people to submit comments during live matches. The comments were qualitatively analyzed using the grounded theory approach.

Findings
The key finding of this paper is that people like to consume live sporting events in an online social setting rather than as isolated individuals. In addition, the use of the grounded theory approach helped uncover several new findings related to people’s use of social media during live matches.

Research limitations/implications
Since this paper studied the case of the Cricket World Cup 2015 and collected data from YC, caution is advocated in generalizing its findings.

Originality/value
Scholarly interest on the use of social media during live sporting events is growing. Building on such works, this paper highlights how user-generated comments posted during the Cricket World Cup 2015 – mostly by individuals within the Indian subcontinent – intersected with broader issues such as culture, identity, politics and religion.
A study of antecedents influencing eWOM for online lecture website
Authors: Lee Mi sook , An Hongbok 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the antecedent factors – perceived usefulness (PU), perceived switching cost (PSC) and perceived web security (PWS) – affecting learners’ attitude toward online lecture website (ATW), which, in turn, affects electronic word of mouth (eWOM) and finds the factor that online lecture business should focus on the most to make learners have positive attitude.Design/methodology/approachThis paper investigates the functional relationship among those five constructs; and examines the moderating role of personal interactivity. Data were collected from learners who had taken online lectures and were using social network sites, and a research model was analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show that PU and PSC positively influence ATW but PWS has no significant influence on ATW; PU is the most influential factor to ATW; ATW positively influences eWOM; personal interactivity has a moderating effect on some paths; and path coefficients are higher in the high-interactivity group than the low-interactivity group for all the links except the link from PU to ATW.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to online lecture business by understanding learners’ perception and behavior to the websites. Unlike many previous studies, this study designates eWOM as dependent variable and personal interactivity as moderation variable. This study shows interesting results occurred between low- and high-interactivity groups.