bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Solute Concentration on Meniscus‐Guided Coating of Highly Crystalline Organic Thin Films
Authors: Janneck Robby , Karagiannis Dimitrios , Heremans Paul , Genoe Jan , Rolin Cedric 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMeniscus‐guided coating methods are a successful approach to precipitate highly crystalline organic thin films at the tip of a receding meniscus. Their optimization nevertheless requires better understanding of the underlying fluid‐ and thermodynamics. Here, the systematic investigation of the impact of solute concentration is reported on the morphology and electrical characteristics of highly crystalline films of two benchmark organic semiconductors: C8‐BTBT and TIPS‐Pentacene. Building on the previous model that predicts the ideal coating speed by balancing substrate motion with solvent evaporation, the approach combines a complete fluid dynamics simulation, including solute transport and precipitation, with a broad set of experimental results. The fluid dynamics modeling confirms that precipitation is strongly enhanced at the tip of the meniscus, regardless of the solute concentration in the bulk of solution. This relative independence explains why the film morphology is little affected by the solute concentration. On the other hand, a rise in concentration results in thicker films. This is rationalized by the mass balance during precipitation. Furthermore, a rise in concentration generally results in films with better electrical characteristics, while the presence of the solute has limited impact on the optimal coating speed that remains close to the ideal balanced speed.
A Perspective on Recent Advances in 2D Stanene Nanosheets
Authors: Sahoo Sumanta Kumar , Wei Kung‐Hwa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdvancements in 2D nanomaterials have been impacting a wide range of technology‐driven applications. Here, the authors highlight stanene, a material that comprises a monolayer of elemental tin atoms, as a new addition to the monoelemental 2D family. Recent successes in the experimental realization of stanene in supported heterostructures and in free‐standing form have expanded interest in exploring and unlocking its potential applications, as predicted from advanced theoretical calculations. Stanene exhibits several remarkable features, including a large spin–orbit gap (allowing room‐temperature electronics based on the quantum spin Hall effect), topological superconductivity, quantum anomalous Hall behavior, giant magnetoresistance, and efficient thermoelectricity. Research into stanene and stanene‐based 2D materials, both experimentally and theoretically, is suggesting immense potential for future quantum‐based electronics systems. Here, the fundamental features of stanene, progress in its synthesis, and future perspectives are discussed.
Li‐Breathing Air Batteries Catalyzed by MnNiFe/Laser‐Induced Graphene Catalysts
Authors: Ren Muqing , Zhang Jibo , Fan Mengmeng , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Tour James M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER) is important in the development of rechargeable metal–O2 (air) batteries. Here, a straightforward synthesis of highly efficient bifunctional OER/ORR catalysts MnNiFe/LIG (M111/LIG and M311/LIG where the numbers reflect the relative molar ratio of Mn, Ni, and Fe species) is presented through a facile re‐lasing method. The MnNiFe/LIG shows promising performance in Li–O2 and Li–air batteries without the presence of a redox mediator. The Li–O2 battery with M311/LIG catalysts is reliably discharged and charged for 150 cycles while the discharge potential slightly increases by 0.24 V. The Li‐breathing air battery with M311/LIG catalyst is stable during 350 cycles while the Li‐breathing air battery with M111/LIG catalyst is stable for ≈300 cycles. The function of the M111/LIG and M311/LIG catalysts in the Li–O2 batteries and the influence of the catalysts on the discharge and decomposition products are also investigated. This study promotes further development in carbon–metal oxide composite cathode catalysts for metal–air batteries and underscores the efficacy of laser‐induced graphene for electrode fabrications.
Cylindrically Focused Nonablative Femtosecond Laser Processing of Long‐Range Uniform Periodic Surface Structures with Tunable Diffraction Efficiency
Authors: Huang Ji , Jiang Lan , Li Xiaowei , Wei Qunshuo , Wang Zhipeng , Li Bohong , Huang Lingling , Wang Andong , Wang Zhi , Li Ming , Qu Liangti , Lu Yongfeng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPeriodic surface structures are core components for controlling the dispersion and steering characteristics of light. Here, a mask‐free approach using nonablative femtosecond laser processing is proposed and demonstrated to fabricate extremely long‐range uniform periodic surface structures on silicon with tunable diffraction efficiency. First, a cylindrically focused femtosecond laser scans over silicon substrates to efficiently produce large‐area periodic modified stripes in a nonablation regime. Second, the modified stripes act as fine etch stops to generate the desired structures on sample surfaces during the subsequent chemical etching process. The structures produced by the method achieve optimal long‐range uniformity compared to the reported laser‐induced periodic surface structures, which possess a minimum divergence of structure orientation angles of <5°. In addition, the optical characteristics of the prepared structures are measured experimentally. Distinguishable polychromatic diffraction patterns can be clearly observed by broadband light irradiation. Significantly, the chemical etching process endues the structures with ingenious morphology controllability, so that the diffraction efficiency of the incident light can be flexibly tuned, which exhibits a near‐linear function of the etching duration. Such morphology‐controllable periodic surface structures may facilitate applications in broad fields, such as optical communications and optical sensors.
Energy Absorption Properties of Periodic and Stochastic 3D Lattice Materials
Authors: Mueller Jochen , Matlack Kathryn H. , Shea Kristina , Daraio Chiara 
Published: August 2019

AbstractArchitected lattices can be designed to have tailorable functionalities by controlling their constitutive elements. However, little work has been devoted to comparing energy absorption properties in different periodic three‐dimensional geometries to each other and to comparable foam‐like random structures. This knowledge is essential for the entire design process. In this work, the authors conduct a systematic and comprehensive computational study of the quasi‐static and dynamic energy absorption properties of various different geometries. They test compression loading over strain rates varying from 1 to 104 s−1. The authors analyze geometries with varying degrees of nodal connectivity, ranging from bending dominated to stretching dominated, at different orientations, and compare their response to equivalent stochastic lattices. Results show relatively high stress peaks in the periodic lattices, even in bending dominated lattices at certain orientations. Conversely, the stochastic geometries show a relatively constant stress response over large strains, which is ideal for energy absorbing applications. Still, results show that specific orientations of bending dominated periodic lattice geometries outperform their stochastic equivalents. This work can help to quickly identify the potential of different unit cell types and aid in the development of lattices for impulse mitigation applications, such as in protective sports equipment, automotive crashworthiness, and packaging.
Forming‐Free Grain Boundary Engineered Hafnium Oxide Resistive Random Access Memory Devices
Authors: Petzold Stefan , Zintler Alexander , Eilhardt Robert , Piros Eszter , Kaiser Nico , Sharath Sankaramangalam Ulhas , Vogel Tobias , Major Márton , McKenna Keith Patrick , Molina‐Luna Leopoldo , Alff Lambert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA model device based on an epitaxial stack combination of titanium nitride (111) and monoclinic hafnia (11) is grown onto a c‐cut Al2O3‐substrate to target the role of grain boundaries in resistive switching. The texture transfer results in 120° in‐plane rotated m‐HfO2 grains, and thus, in a defined subset of allowed grain boundary orientations of high symmetry. These engineered grain boundaries thread the whole dielectric layer, thereby providing predefined breakdown paths for electroforming‐free resistive random access memory devices. Combining X‐ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)–based localized automated crystal orientation mapping (ACOM), a nanoscale picture of crystal growth and grain boundary orientation is obtained. High‐resolution STEM reveals low‐energy grain boundaries with facing () and (21) surfaces. The uniform distribution of forming voltages below 2 V—within the operation regime—and the stable switching voltages indicates reduced intra‐ and device‐to‐device variation in grain boundary engineered hafnium‐oxide‐based random access memory devices.
Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects
Authors: Adams Ryan A. , Varma Arvind , Pol Vilas G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSince their commercialization by Sony in 1991, graphite anodes in combination with various cathodes have enabled the widespread success of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), providing over 10 billion rechargeable batteries to the global population. Next‐generation nonaqueous alkali metal‐ion batteries, namely sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), are projected to utilize intercalation‐based carbon anodes as well, due to their favorable electrochemical properties. While traditionally graphite anodes have dominated the market share of LIBs, other carbon materials have been investigated, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, and disordered carbons. The relationship between carbon material properties, electrochemical performance, and charge storage mechanisms is clarified for these alkali metal‐ion batteries, elucidating possible strategies for obtaining enhanced cycling stability, specific capacity, rate capability, and safety aspects. As a key component in determining cell performance, the solid electrolyte interphase layer is described in detail, particularly for its dependence on the carbon anode. Finally, battery safety at extreme temperatures is discussed, where carbon anodes are susceptible to dendrite formation, accelerated aging, and eventual thermal runaway. As society pushes toward higher energy density LIBs, this review aims to provide guidance toward the development of sustainable next‐generation SIBs and PIBs.
Efficient Passivation with Lead Pyridine‐2‐Carboxylic for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Fu Sheng , Li Xiaodong , Wan Li , Wu Yulei , Zhang Wenxiao , Wang Yueming , Bao Qinye , Fang Junfeng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStability has become the main obstacle for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) despite the impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE). Poor crystallization and ion migration of perovskite are the major origins of its degradation under working condition. Here, high‐performance PSCs incorporated with pyridine‐2‐carboxylic lead salt (PbPyA2) are fabricated. The pyridine and carboxyl groups on PbPyA2 can not only control crystallization but also passivate grain boundaries (GBs), which result in the high‐quality perovskite film with larger grains and fewer defects. In addition, the strong interaction among the hydrophobic PbPyA2 molecules and perovskite GBs acts as barriers to ion migration and component volatilization when exposed to external stresses. Consequently, superior optoelectronic perovskite films with improved thermal and moisture stability are obtained. The resulting device shows a champion efficiency of 19.96% with negligible hysteresis. Furthermore, thermal (90 °C) and moisture (RH 40–60%) stability are improved threefold, maintaining 80% of initial efficiency after aging for 480 h. More importantly, the doped device exhibits extraordinary improvement of operational stability and remains 93% of initial efficiency under maximum power point (MPP) tracking for 540 h.
Clinical and molecular characteristics of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma not associated with an IgM monoclonal protein: A multicentric study of the Rete Ematologica Lombarda (REL) network
Authors: Varettoni Marzia , Boveri Emanuela , Zibellini Silvia , Tedeschi Alessandra , Candido Chiara , Ferretti Virginia Valeria , Rizzo Ettore , Doni Elisa , Merli Michele , Farina Lucia , Goldaniga Maria , Gallì Anna , Rattotti Sara , Frustaci Anna Maria , Deodato Marina , Bandiera Laura , Isimbaldi Giuseppe , Uccella Silvia , Cabras Antonello Domenico , Gianelli Umberto , Baldini Luca , Paulli Marco , Arcaini Luca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is usually associated with a serum IgM paraprotein, corresponding to Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM). Cases presenting with IgG or IgA, or without a monoclonal protein are extremely rare. We analyzed clinical characteristics, frontline treatment, and the outcome of 45 patients with non‐IgM LPL, and compared them with a control group of WM patients. The median age was similar, with significantly higher prevalence of females in non‐IgM LPL, than in WM patients (60% vs 39%, P = .016). Patients with non‐IgM LPL more frequently presented with lymphadenopathies (53% vs 15%, P < .001), splenomegaly (22% vs 8%, P = .015) or extranodal involvement (20% vs 8%, P = .05). In non‐IgM LPL a serum monoclonal protein and bone marrow infiltration were less common than in WM patients (69% and 84% of cases respectively, P < .001 for both comparisons). The MYD88 (L265P) mutation was found in 8/19 patients using allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction. A CXCR4 mutation was found in 4/17 cases using Sanger. In 16 patients we performed targeted next‐generation sequencing of genes MYD88, CXCR4, ARID1‐A, KMT2D, NOTCH2, TP53, PRDM1, CD79B, TRAF3, MYBBP1A, TNFAIP3. Seven patients (44%) had a MYD88 mutation (S219C in one), four (25%) a CXCR4 mutation, three (19%) a KMT2D mutation, one (6%) a TP53 mutation and one (6%) a TRAF3 mutation. With a median follow‐up of 55.7 months, 36 non‐IgM LPL patients (80%) were treated. Non‐IgM LPL patients received more frequently anthracycline‐containing regimens, as compared with WM patients, who mainly received alkylating‐based therapies. Five‐year overall survival (OS) was 84%, similar to that of WM patients.
The Russell viper venom time (RVVT) test for investigation of lupus anticoagulant (LA)
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLupus anticoagulants (LAs) are a laboratory representation of the clinical syndrome of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and can also arise in other pathological states. Laboratory testing for LA is complex and three separate recent guidelines have been published. One test, the Russell viper venom time (RVVT), is the mandated laboratory test for inclusion in LA identification/exclusion in all three guidance documents. This is because the the RVVT is recognized to have great sensitivity for LA, with this generally recognized to be greater than that of most other LA screening assays. However, the RVVT is also very sensitive to the presence of many anticoagulant drugs, which diminishes its specificity for LA. Various strategies can be used to improve LA specificity and reduce anticoagulant assay interference.
Neurocranial shape variation among Tarascan populations: Evidence for varying degrees in artificially modified crania in pre‐Hispanic West Mexico (1200–1400 AD)
Authors: Natahi Sélim , Coquerelle Michael , Pereira Grégory , Bayle Priscilla 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionAlong the Mesoamerican western margin, the Zacapu basin has yielded a large number of human remains demonstrating usage of artificial cranial modification (ACM). However, at the onset of the Middle Postclassic (1200–1400 AD) only few individuals still exhibit clear signs of ACM. Some authors have suggested that, rather than disappearing entirely, ACM may have become less visible anatomically, making it difficult to identify based on simple visual analyses. Here, we used 3D geometric morphometric methods to investigate the extent to which ACM persisted during the Postclassic in this region.Materials and methodsWe measured the 3D vault's shape changes in a sample of surface‐scanned human crania: 55 individuals from the Postclassic Zacapu basin and a control group of 31 individuals from a Huichol Mexican Indian sample and a French medieval series from La Granède. We used a principal component analysis to explore the shape variation within the sample and employed the neighbor joining method to identify morphological groups. Finally, we quantified each individual's asymmetry.ResultsWe identified three groups displaying shape features diverging from those of the control group. The first group is characterized by marked fronto‐obelionic ACM, whereas the other two show mild forms of ACM. The individuals in all three groups display moderate to high degrees of asymmetry compared to the control group.DiscussionThe marked fronto‐obelionic modification is clear evidence of a specific ACM technique. The two types of mild ACM most likely result from different techniques but their moderate degree of modification brings into question the intentions behind their production.
Bovine serum albumin stabilized iron oxide and gold bimetallic heterodimers: Synthesis, characterization and Stereological study
Authors: Nosrati Hamed , Davaran Soodabeh , Kheiri Manjili Hamidreza , Rezaeejam Hamed , Danafar Hossein 
Published: August 2019

In this time researchers make a great efforts to develop new hybrid nanoparticles for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Fe3O4‐Au hybrid heterodimers have been prepared with superior properties for various claims. Unfortunately, Fe3O4‐Au heterodimers are not stable in the physiological medium. In this study, we employed the albumin macromolecules as a stabilizer of Fe3O4‐Au hybrid nanoparticles (noted as Fe3O4‐Au‐BSA hybrid nanoparticles). After characterization of synthesized nanoparticles by FTIR, UV–Vis, TEM, DLS, DSC, VSM and XRD techniques, the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of these nanoparticles were also evaluated. We encountered with an amazing result which confirmed nanoparticles could be stabilized by linking the BSA on the surface of Fe3O4‐Au heterodimers. Also, intravenous injection of Fe3O4‐Au‐BSA hybrid nanoparticles up to 400 mg/kg to Balb C mice show that these nanoparticles were non‐toxic. The biocompatibility and stereological study had been performed for more than 30 days after nanoparticles administration, using hystomorphometric analysis. Remarkably, to the best of our knowledge, it was the first time the biocompatibility and biodegradability of Fe3O4‐Au were studied and evaluated by stereological technique. Further promotion and biomedical usage of this type of hybrid nanoparticles are underway in our laboratory.
Assembly of gelatin biopolymer to fibrous sepiolite clay for efficient dye removal from wastewater
Authors: Sabzi Mohammad , Shafagh Nima , Mohammadi Mohsen 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis work aimed to fabricate nanocomposites using low‐cost and natural materials for fast and efficient dye adsorption from wastewater. To achieve this, fibrous sepiolite clay was incorporated into the gelatin (GE) biopolymer. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope techniques. The effects of sepiolite/GE ratio, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, contact time, and initial dye concentration on the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites were well studied and optimized through batch adsorption study. Kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics analysis were also performed for methylene blue adsorption. The adsorption data were better fitted with the pseudo‐second‐order and Langmuir isotherm models. The prepared nanocomposites demonstrated a fast and efficient adsorption performance toward the MB dye with the maximum adsorption capacity as high as 684.8 mg g−1 within only an equilibrium time of 30 min, which revealed their promising potential in wastewater treatment. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48266.
Influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and antioxidant activity of feruloylated arabinoxylans from different sources
Authors: Marquez‐Escalante Jorge A. , Rascón‐Chu Agustín , Campa‐Mada Alma , Martínez‐Robinson Karla G. , Carvajal‐Millan Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTFeruloylated arabinoxylans (FAX) are gelling polysaccharides presenting antioxidant activity (AC) and potential application as delivery systems. The influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and AC of FAX from wheat flour (FAX1) and maize distillers grains (FAX2) was analyzed. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups was 0.27 and 1.77 for carboxymethylated FAX1 (CFAX1) and FAX2 (CFAX2), which presented a change in M
n from 446 to 362 kDa and from 120 to 180 kDa, and a loss in FA content from 1.05 to traces and from 10.13 to 0.12, respectively, after carboxymethylation. G′ value at the end of rheological tests for FAX1 (71 Pa) and FAX2 (726 Pa) was higher than the corresponding G″ value. In contrast, G″ value for CFAX1 (0.35 Pa) and CFAX2 (0.03 Pa) was higher than the respective G′ value, indicating that they do no form gels. The AC increased in CFAX1 in relation to FAX1 from 4.49 to 8.30 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) kg−1, respectively, while it decreased in CFAX2 with regard to FAX2 from 11.31 to 9.43 mmol TEAC kg−1, respectively. Carboxymethylation could be a path to design FAX derivatives offering alternative potential applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48325.
Epoxy/imidazolium‐based ionic liquid systems: The effect of the hardener on the curing behavior, thermal stability, and microwave absorbing properties
Authors: Carvalho Anna Paula A. , Santos Danielle F. , Soares Bluma G. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA new transparent microwave absorbing coating was developed by compounding 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmim.BF4) ionic liquid (IL) with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A‐type epoxy resin. The systems were crosslinked with the IL alone or combined with conventional hardeners, as anhydride or aromatic amine. The curing behavior was investigated by thermal and spectroscopic analysis performed at high temperatures. Neat bmim.BF4 was able to cure epoxy resin, giving rise to networks with outstanding thermal stability compared with the systems cured with anhydride or aromatic amine. bmim.BF4 accelerated the curing process in the presence of aromatic amine but retarded this event when anhydride was used as an external curing agent. The glass‐transition temperature evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis decreased when the amount of IL increased, which can be attributed to side reactions during the curing process, as well as the plasticizing effect of IL. The epoxy networks cured with bmim.BF4 alone or in combination with anhydride or aromatic amine were transparent and presented considerable microwave absorbing properties in the X‐band frequency range (8–12 GHz), being the best performance observed for the systems cured with bmim.BF4/anhydride curing system, with reflection loss value around −16 dB at 11.3 GHz. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48326.