bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular implant‐supported overdentures in (frail) elderly: A prospective study with 20‐year follow‐up
Authors: Bakker Mieke H. , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J. A. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Visser Anita 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeTo prospectively assess long‐term (20 year) clinical, radiographic, and patient‐reported outcomes of an elderly population provided with mandibular implant‐supported overdentures.Materials and MethodsA total of 53 elderly (aged ≥60 years at the time of treatment) were provided with two endosseous implants supporting a mandibular overdenture and a conventional maxillary denture. Outcome parameters—including implant loss, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, presence of calculus, probing depth, and satisfaction with implant‐supported overdenture—were scored 1, 5, 10, and 20 years after prosthetic treatment. Radiographic analysis was performed to assess peri‐implant bone changes. At the 20‐year evaluation, frailty (Groningen Frailty Index) and quality of life (EuroQol 5D) were additionally assessed.ResultsA total of 15 patients completed the 20‐year follow‐up. The 20‐year implant survival rate was 92.5%. Plaque index, bleeding index, and probing depth increased slightly over time, while gingival index and presence of calculus remained unchanged. Radiographic analysis revealed minor marginal bone loss during the first 10 years and no further loss thereafter. Participants were very satisfied with their prosthesis and reported a good quality of life. At the 20‐year evaluation, 64.3% of the patients were classified as frail.ConclusionsThe long‐term survival of implants supporting a mandibular overdenture is high. Although most elderly in the study became frail over time, peri‐implant health and marginal bone level remained at a satisfactory level.
Evaluation of an early‐stage innovation for full‐thickness excision of benign colonic polyps using the IDEAL framework
Authors: Currie A. C. , Blazeby J. M. , Suzuki N. , Thomas‐Gibson S. , Reeves B. , Morton D. , Kennedy R. H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsColectomy is the current approach for patients with endoscopically unresectable benign polyps but risks considerable morbidity. Full‐thickness laparoendoscopic excision (FLEX) is a novel procedure, specifically developed to treat endoscopically unresectable benign colonic polyps, which could reduce the treatment burden of the current approach and improve outcomes. However, traditional evaluations of surgical innovations lack methodological rigour. This study reports the development and feasibility of the FLEX procedure in selected patients.MethodA prospective development study using the Idea, Development, Evaluation, Assessment, Long‐term study (IDEAL) framework was undertaken, by one surgeon, of the FLEX procedure in selected patients with endoscopically unresectable benign colonic polyps. Three‐dimensional (3D)‐CT colonography reconstructions were used preoperatively to rehearse patient‐specific, critical manoeuvres. Targetted, full‐thickness excision was performed: after marking the margin of the caecal polyp using circumferential endoscopic argon plasma coagulation, transmural endoscopic sutures were used to evert the bowel and resection was undertaken by laparoscopic linear stapling. Feasibility outcomes (establishing ‘local success’) included evidence of complete polyp resection without adverse events (especially safe closure of the excision site).ResultsTen patients [median (interquartile range) age: 74 (59‐78) years] with polyp median diameters of 35 (30–41) mm, were referred for and consented to receive the FLEX procedure. During the same time frame, no patient underwent colectomy for benign polyps. One further patient received FLEX for local excision of a presumed malignant polyp because severe comorbidity prohibited standard procedures. The FLEX procedure was successfully performed locally, with complete resection of the polyp and safe closure of the excision site, in eight patients. Three noncompleted procedures were converted to laparoscopic segmental colectomy under the same anaesthetic because of endoscopic inaccessibility (two patients) and transcolonic suture failure (one patient).ConclusionsThe FLEX procedure is still under development. Early data demonstrate that it is safe for excision of selected benign polyps. Modifications to transcolonic suture delivery are now required and there is a need for wider adoption before more definitive evaluation can be performed.
Selective use of cystogram following segmental bowel resection in patients with enterovesical fistula
Authors: de Groof E. J. , Bruggeman A. E. , Buskens C. J. , Tanis P. J. , Bemelman W. A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimPatients undergoing resectional surgery for enterovesical fistulas generally have an indwelling urinary catheter postoperatively to prevent a recurrent fistula. The aim of this study was to assess the role of a cystogram as part of the postoperative follow‐up of such surgery, when it should be performed and for how long the bladder should be drained after surgery.MethodA retrospective single‐centre study of all patients undergoing ileocaecal or sigmoid resection for surgery for enterovesical fistula with the primary end‐point of recurrent urinary fistula.ResultsBetween 1994 and 2015, 46 patients (23 male; mean age 55.4 ± 18.3 years) underwent surgery [23 (50%) for diverticular disease, 16 (34.8%) for Crohn's disease, five (10.9%) for malignancy and two (4.3%) for previous radiotherapy]. Closure of the bladder fistula was by simple suture in 21 (46%) patients and with an omental pedicle in 16 (36%). Overall median duration of urinary drainage was 10.5 [interquartile range (IQR): 7.3–14.0] days. A postoperative cystogram was performed in 26 (57%) patients after a median of 10.0 (IQR: 8.0–13.0) days. This demonstrated persistent leakage in three patients, of whom two had undergone surgical closure of the bladder. This group required prolonged drainage (7, 19 and 40 days). One patient who had undergone surgery following radiotherapy for urothelial cancer developed a recurrent malignant fistula at 9 months, even though the postoperative cystogram had been negative.ConclusionThis study suggests that a routine postoperative cystogram after surgery for enterovesical fistula may not be necessary for all patients if the bladder is drained for 1–2 weeks after bowel resection.
Crowdsourcing a Current Events Exhibition on Community Activism Against DAPL
Authors: Kieffer C. L. , Romanek Devorah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractToday's museum ethics encourages us to create exhibits that are socially relevant in a timely manner. For some museums this is difficult to do under financial restraints. This article discusses the issues of an unscheduled exhibit on the Dakota Access Pipeline at a state museum (Museum of Indian Arts & Culture) and a university museum (the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology) and how both institutions worked to overcome these issues, with an eye towards how to implement future ‘current events’ exhibitions. How these institutions successfully executed the crowdsourcing of current events exhibit content and dealt with issues that arose during the design and planning phase of the exhibitions are also discussed. Ultimately this crowdsourcing via social media approach can be used for addressing larger ethical and political issues that many museums want to include into their exhibits in a timely manner.
Drug survival and reasons for drug discontinuation in palmoplantar pustulosis: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Kromer Christian , Wilsmann‐Theis Dagmar , Gerdes Sascha , Philipp Sandra , Schaarschmidt Marthe‐Lisa , Schmieder Astrid , Dakna Mohammed , Arnold Tobias , Peitsch Wiebke Katharina , Mössner Rotraut 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundPalmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease‐related to psoriasis. Its treatment is challenging, and little is known about the sustainability of different medications. The aim of this study was to analyze drug survival rates and drug discontinuation in the treatment of PPP under real‐world conditions.Patients and MethodsPatients with PPP treated in the dermatology departments of five German university medical centers between 01/2005 and 08/2017 were included in our retrospective study. Drug survival of systemic therapies was assessed with Kaplan‐Meier analysis and multivariate regression.ResultsOverall, 347 patients with 935 treatment courses were identified. Within the group of non‐biologic systemic agents, apremilast showed the highest median drug survival (15 months), followed by cyclosporine (12 months), the combination of acitretin and topical PUVA (9 months), MTX (8 months), acitretin monotherapy (6 months), alitretinoin (5 months), and fumaric acid esters (3 months). Among biologicals, the highest maintenance rate was detected for certolizumab pegol (restricted mean: 47.4 months), followed by infliximab (median: 26 months), golimumab (22 months), ustekinumab (21 months), adalimumab (18 months), secukinumab (9 months), and etanercept (8 months).ConclusionsBiologicals and apremilast may serve as second‐line options for treatment of PPP and should be further evaluated.
Vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort
Authors: Xia Jin , Song Yiqing , Rawal Shristi , Wu Jing , Hinkle Stefanie N. , Tsai Michael Y. , Zhang Cuilin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo prospectively and longitudinally investigate vitamin D status during early to mid‐pregnancy in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk.MethodsIn a nested case‐control study of 107 GDM cases and 214 controls within the Fetal Growth Studies‐Singleton Cohort, plasma levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 (25(OH)D) and vitamin D binding protein were measured at gestational weeks 10 to 14, 15 to 26, 23 to 31, and 33 to 39; we further calculated total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D. Conditional logistic regression models and linear mixed‐effects models were used.ResultsWe observed a threshold effect for the relation of vitamin D biomarkers with GDM risk. Vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) at 10 to 14 gestational weeks was associated with a 2.82‐fold increased risk for GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15‐6.93]. Women with persistent vitamin D deficiency at 10 to 14 and 15 to 26 weeks of gestation had a 4.46‐fold elevated risk for GDM compared with women persistently non‐deficient (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.15‐17.3).ConclusionsMaternal vitamin D deficiency as early as the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of GDM. The association was stronger for women who were persistently deficient through the second trimester. Assessment of vitamin D status in early pregnancy may be clinically important and valuable for improving risk stratification and developing effective interventions for the primary prevention of GDM.
Sentimental mutual fund flows
Authors: Jiang George J. , Yüksel H. Zafer 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe show that many stylized empirical patterns for mutual fund flows are driven by investor sentiment. Specifically, when sentiment is high, investors exhibit a stronger tendency of chasing past fund performance; fund flows are less sensitive to fund expenses; and investors are attracted more to funds with sheer visibility. Moreover, the well‐documented positive relation between fund flows and future fund performance is significant only during high sentiment periods and is mainly driven by expected component of fund flows. Finally, we show that mutual fund investors exhibit a significantly negative timing ability at the individual fund level when sentiment is high.
Is unwilling volunteering protective for functional decline? The interactive effects of volunteer willingness and engagement on health in a 3‐year longitudinal study of Japanese older adults
Authors: Nonaka Kumiko , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Watanabe Shuichiro , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Iwasa Hajime , Amano Hidenori , Yoshida Yuko , Kobayashi Erika , Sakurai Ryota , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kumagai Shu , Shinkai Shoji , Suzuki Takao 
Published: April 2019

AimThe present study explored the interactive effects of willingness to volunteer and actual volunteer engagement on the maintenance of functional health among older Japanese adults, using data from a 3‐year longitudinal study.MethodsWe used data from the 3‐year longitudinal Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study on Aging (1997). We examined 676 older adults aged >65 years from the rural Nangai District who were independent in their basic activities of daily living (BADL). A follow‐up study was carried out in 2000. We categorized participants into four groups: “willing volunteers,” “unwilling volunteers,” “willing non‐volunteers” and “unwilling non‐volunteers.” Logistic regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the interactive effects of willingness to volunteer and actual engagement in volunteering at baseline on BADL decline over a 3‐year period.ResultsDuring the follow‐up period, 6.6% of willing volunteers, 17.4% of unwilling volunteers, 16.3% of willing non‐volunteers and 21.0% of unwilling non‐volunteers experienced a decline in BADL. Unwilling volunteers (odds ratio [OR] 2.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29–6.43) and both non‐volunteer groups (willing: OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.28–5.72; unwilling: OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.32–4.64) had significantly higher odds of BADL decline than did willing volunteers. When unwilling non‐volunteer was set as the reference, the OR of unwilling volunteers became 1.16 (95% CI 0.55–2.49), suggesting that unwilling volunteers had a similar odds of BADL decline as non‐volunteers.ConclusionVolunteer activity is effective for preventing BADL decline only for those who willingly engage. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 673–678.
Standard and water rehabilitation: An analysis of over 14 years' experience in patients with haemophilia or other clotting factor disorders after orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Passeri E.V. , Martinelli Marco , Gatteri Vincenzo , Pivetti Stefania , Passeri Chiara , Cigolini Luisa , Chiari Sonia , Zenorini Andrea , Gaffurini Paolo , Bernardi Stefano , Poli Ilaria , Bissolotti Luciano 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionIn people with haemophilia (PWH) with severe arthropathy, total joint replacement (TJR) can be undertaken if conservative management fails. Post‐operative rehabilitation treatment is an important part of the comprehensive management of patients undergoing TJR.AimTo compare post‐operative standard rehabilitation (SR) and SR plus water rehabilitation (WR) in PWH undergoing TJR.MethodsPWH who were admitted to our centre between June 2003 and December 2016 for rehabilitation after TJR were included in the study. Rehabilitation included SR (ie, manual and mechanical mobilization, scar tissue massage, light muscle strengthening exercises and walking training with and without crutches) with or without WR. WR exercises with floats of different size and volume were performed when possible. Range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, pain level, perceived health status and length of hospital stay were analysed retrospectively.ResultsA total of 184 patients (233 rehabilitation programmes were enrolled in the study, corresponding to 160 after total knee replacement [TKR], 37 after total ankle replacement [TAR] and 36 after total hip replacement [THR]). Fifty‐eight (25%) patients were treated with WR in addition to SR (32 for TKR, 19 for TAR and 7 for THR) with an average of 5.7 hours of WR. Muscle strength, pain and perceived health status improved significantly after rehabilitation.ConclusionThis non‐randomized study seems to indicate that WR plus SR improves muscle strength, pain and perceived health status more than SR alone in PWH undergoing TJR. It would be necessary, however, to carry out randomized comparative studies to confirm these provisional conclusions.
Race and environmental history
Authors: Mizelle Richard M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAfricans and African Americans have always expressed an environmental consciousness rooted in their specific historical experience in North America. Their relationship to the nonhuman world is reflected through desires for leisure in natural spaces, demand of land ownership, and unique experiences of labor, disasters, and connecting to the land in both urban and southern spaces. Beginning in the 1970s, historians began thinking more critically about the relationship between humans and the nonhuman world in the creation of a new field known as environmental history. The connection of race and environmental history is more recent, yet represents a now burgeoning field of research for scholars throughout the world. This article in particular highlights the interplay of African American and environmental history during mostly the 20th century.
Beyond impairment: Recent histories of early American disability
Authors: Daen Laurel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractResearch on physical and intellectual incapacity in early America (defined in this essay as North America and the Caribbean before 1820) dates at least to the 1930s, but only in the past decade or so have historians focused on disability, spawning the burgeoning subfield of early American disability history. Inspired by disability rights activism and the discipline of disability studies, scholars in the field approach disability as a historically variable and ever‐nuanced category akin to gender, race, and class. Departing from earlier scholarship that viewed impairment as a health condition best resolved by social welfare and medicine, recent works meld analysis of the concept of disability and its influence on structures of power with a commitment to recovering the lives and experiences of impaired people. This essay examines two areas of new research in the field of early American disability history: (a) disability in law and government and (b) disability and slavery. The essay also discusses recent works that have pushed the theoretical bounds of the field, using analytical strategies that blend past and present, foreground language, and question the concept of disability itself.
DIMENSIONALITY AND DISAGREEMENT: ASYMPTOTIC BELIEF DIVERGENCE IN RESPONSE TO COMMON INFORMATION
Authors: Loh Isaac , Phelan Gregory 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe provide a model of boundedly rational, multidimensional learning and characterize when beliefs will converge to the truth. Agents maintain beliefs as marginal probabilities instead of joint probabilities, and agents' information is of lower dimension than the model. As a result, for some observations, agents may face an identification problem affecting the role of data in inference. Beliefs converge to the truth when these observations are rare, but beliefs diverge when observations presenting an identification problem are frequent. Robustly, two agents with differing priors who observe identical, unambiguous information may disagree forever, with stronger disagreement the more information received.
FOOD TRADE AND BIODIVERSITY EFFECTS
Authors: Bellora Cecilia , Bourgeon Jean‐Marc 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPests create biodiversity effects that increase food production risks and decrease productivity when agricultural production is specialized. Pesticides contain these effects, but damage the environment and human health. When opening to trade, governments are tempted to restrict pesticide use because, with more food being imported, less pesticide is needed for domestic consumption. However, pesticide restrictions hinder the competitiveness of their agricultural sector on international markets. We show that restrictions on pesticides are more stringent under free trade than under autarky, which reduces the gains from trade, and that trade increases food price volatility.
Decreasing overt discrimination increases covert discrimination: Adverse effects of equal opportunities policies
Authors: Lennartz Christopher , Proost Karin , Brebels Lieven 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBuilding on the moral licensing literature, this paper examines whether highlighting the successful implementation of an equal opportunities policy in a company leads to covert forms of discrimination in hiring decisions (i.e., expressing a preference for a white candidate over an equally qualified black/Moroccan candidate in an ambiguous context). Furthermore, moral self‐image is indirectly tested as a possible underlying mechanism. Two scenario studies first revealed that covert discrimination is more likely after highlighting a successful implementation of an equal opportunities policy in the company (study 1) and that elevated levels of moral self‐image are related to covert discrimination (study 2). Subsequently, a field study revealed that the presence of successful equal opportunities policies positively related to employees’ moral self‐image (study 3).
Youth earnings and labour market volatility in Europe
Authors: AYLLÓN Sara , RAMOS Xavier 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe authors provide new evidence on youth earnings and labour market volatility, including flows into and out of employment, across Europe during the Great Recession. EU‐SILC data for the period 2004–13 reveal large disparities in volatility levels and trends across European countries. As expected, the Great Recession increased youth labour market volatility, offsetting the trends observed over the previous years of economic prosperity. A variance decomposition exercise points to greater exposure to worker turnover in southern Europe. Fixed effects regression on labour market institutions relates higher unemployment benefits and more stringent employment protection legislation to lower earnings and labour market volatility.
Measuring and understanding trade in service tasks
Authors: CHIQUIAR Daniel , TOBAL Martín , YSLAS Renato 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe revolution in information and communications technologies has put service tasks with strong tradability characteristics at high risk of being offshored. This article reviews studies proposing indicators of service tradability, exploring the labour market implications of service offshoring and developing theories to rationalize the facts. It suggests that both skill intensity and tradability are determinants of wage and employment effects. Nonetheless, the lack of widely accepted definitions of tradability, the absence of high‐quality data on service trade flows and the difficulty of measuring import competition at higher disaggregation levels pose difficulties in achieving further progress, pointing to areas for future research.
Des approches innovantes pour assurer l'accès des travailleurs domestiques au travail décent en Côte d'Ivoire: ce que l'administration du travail et le système judiciaire ont pu faire dans le cadre du régime général du Code du travail
Authors: BLACKETT Adelle , KONÉ‐SILUÉ Assata 
Published: April 2019

RésuméPeut‐on assurer l'accès des travailleurs domestiques au travail décent dans le cadre du droit général? Pour le savoir, les auteures procèdent à une analyse contextuelle de la jurisprudence ivoirienne (1971–2013) et s'entretiennent avec des acteurs institutionnels du pays. Des pratiques innovantes apparaissent, qui découlent de l'intervention d'inspecteurs et de juges attentifs, agissant principalement dans le cadre du Code du travail. Cependant, l'absence de réglementation spécifique pose certains problèmes, le travail domestique, travail «comme les autres», étant aussi un travail «à nul autre pareil». Les auteures appellent par conséquent à la création d'une communauté du savoir internationale sur l'accès des travailleurs domestiques au travail décent.