bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS SAHAM SEBELUM, SAAT DAN SESUDAH PENGUMUMAN STOCH SPLIT
Authors: Sucipto Agus 
Published: May 2018

<p class="Bodytext20">Stock split announcement is one of information type published by emitent that is used to know market reaction. When stock split announcement contains information, the market reacts that is shown by the changing of stock price. This study is intended to describe the effect of stock split announcement to market reaction using event study. This approach is used to identify the reaction of the market which is an activity of trading volume and bid-ask spread of stock used to know stock liquidity. The findings show that there is no significant difference between stock trading volume activity before, during and after stock split announcement. Whereas, the period of before and after the announcement, there is a significant difference of stock trading volume activity. The finding of bid-ask spread stock shows that there is a significant difference in the period of before and after stock split announcement. But there is no significant difference in the period of before and after stock split announcement.</p><p class="Bodytext20"> </p><p class="Bodytext20">Pengumuman pemecahan saham adalah salah satu jenis informasi yang diterbitkan oleh emiten yang digunakan untuk mengetahui reaksi pasar. Bila pengumuman pemecahan saham berisi informasi, pasar bereaksi yang ditunjukkan oleh perubahan harga saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efek pengumuman pemecahan saham terhadap reaksi pasar dengan menggunakan kajian peristiwa. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi reaksi pasar yang merupakan aktivitas volume perdagangan dan pemecahan saham yang digunakan untuk mengetahui likuiditas saham. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara aktivitas volume perdagangan saham sebelum, selama dan setelah pengumuman pemecahan saham. Padahal, periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman, ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari aktivitas volume perdagangan saham. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman pemecahan saham. Namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman pemecahan saham.</p>
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN KERUKUNAN: Sebuah Refleksi terhadap Konflik antar Pemeluk Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Fauzi Moch. Sony 
Published: May 2018

<p>Education is a process of individual continuously learning and adaptation to the cultural values and social ideals. Education is a comprehensive process including all the aspects of life to prepare them to be able to face all the challenges. Considering the definition, we will see how dominant the aspects of human life style management in order to be in accordance with the universe are. An education process is expected to produce tolerance, egalitarianism, and skills to actualize one's self in the constellation of human life dynamics. It is also expected to produce peace and harmony as a part of ideal community with the educated people as the members. It means that the education process is considered failed if it produces totalitarian cannibalism that can easily arouse conflicts among people. Therefore, the understanding of an ideal Islamic education that is accommodative to the values of plurality and brotherhood among people should emerge. Finally, the values can be the source of aspiration in rearranging the religious concept of this nation to regain the peace that has once been disappeared because of the conflict among the religious communities, through education</p><p> </p><p>Pendidikan adalah proses individu yang terus belajar dan beradaptasi dengan nilai budaya dan cita-cita sosial. Pendidikan adalah proses yang komprehensif termasuk semua aspek kehidupan untuk mempersiapkan mereka untuk dapat menghadapi semua tantangan. Dengan mempertimbangkan definisinya, kita akan melihat betapa dominannya aspek manajemen gaya hidup manusia agar sesuai dengan alam semesta tersebut. Proses pendidikan diharapkan bisa menghasilkan toleransi, egalitarianisme, dan keterampilan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri seseorang dalam konvergensi dinamika kehidupan manusia. Hal ini juga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan kedamaian dan harmoni sebagai bagian dari komunitas ideal dengan orang-orang terpelajar sebagai anggotanya. Artinya, proses pendidikan dianggap gagal jika menghasilkan kanibalisme totaliter yang bisa dengan mudah menimbulkan konflik antar manusia. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman tentang pendidikan Islam ideal yang akomodatif terhadap nilai pluralitas dan persaudaraan antarmanusia diharapkan muncul. Akhirnya, nilai-nilai bisa menjadi sumber aspirasi dalam menata ulang konsep religius bangsa ini untuk mendapatkan kembali kedamaian yang dulunya lenyap karena konflik antar umat beragama, melalui pendidikan.</p>
MANUSIA DI MUKA CERMIN IBN ARABI: Memahami Hakikat Manusia Dengan Kacamata Ibn Arabi
Authors: Kholil Ahmad 
Published: May 2018

<p class="Bodytext20">Although the essence of human being has been questioned long times ago, there are many conceptual answers toward that question. Thus it is common if human beings, as social and individual creatures may try to question it to find new answers. The answer is mainly obtained by contemplating one's self based on the existing concept or reflecting one's self using an individual spiritual experience. The understanding to the essence of human beings described in this writing is based on the concept given by al-Syaikh al-Akbar ibn Arabi who is philosophical as well as sufistic. Who is a man? A man is "God" in its tajalli perfect form in the universe. Therefore, a man is not perfect when he cannot show God's characteristics. Ibn Arabi says, "one of this characteristics is to become a responsible leader either for himself or others".</p><p class="Bodytext20"> </p><p class="Bodytext20">Meskipun esensi manusia telah dipertanyakan sejak lama, ada banyak jawaban konseptual untuk pertanyaan itu. Jadi, adalah hal yang biasa jika manusia, karena makhluk sosial dan individu dapat mencoba menanyainya untuk menemukan jawaban baru. Jawabannya terutama diperoleh dengan merenungkan diri seseorang berdasarkan konsep yang ada atau mencerminkan diri seseorang dengan menggunakan pengalaman spiritual individu. Pemahaman terhadap esensi manusia yang digambarkan dalam tulisan ini didasarkan pada konsep yang diberikan oleh al-Syaikh al-Akbar ibn Arabi yang filosofis sekaligus sufistik. Siapa pria Seorang pria adalah "Tuhan" dalam bentuk tajalli yang sempurna di alam semesta. Karena itu, seorang pria tidak sempurna saat dia tidak bisa menunjukkan sifat Tuhan. Ibn Arabi mengatakan, "salah satu karakteristik ini adalah menjadi pemimpin yang bertanggung jawab baik untuk dirinya sendiri maupun orang lain".</p>
KONSEP KEPRIBADIAN GURU: PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS
Authors: Abubakar Isti'anah 
Published: May 2018

<span lang="EN-GB">Teaching is perceived as a very heavy duty, but for other, teaching is the art and full charity. Teacher is person who teaches pupils to rich their best life. However, public does not care </span><span>about</span><span lang="EN-GB"> the teaching profession. New generations are seemingly not interested in this profession. Lack in prosperity of teacher's life is the main factors of public's undesirable to the teaching profession which becomes a problem. Based on the phenomenon, there are many ways to undertake. One of them is Public Regulation of Teaching Profession (UU No. 14, 2005). The regulation is not the mere solution, yet, it is recommended that teacher's personality and performance have to improve to the ideal one. This paper offers the effort which is based on qonaah and commitment. It means that teachers should not be passive by encouraging themselves to conduct classroom action research. In addition, teachers should uphold their commitment to improve their integrity as professional teacher. </span><div><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div><div><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div><div><span lang="EN-GB">Pengajaran dianggap sebagai tugas yang sangat berat, tapi bagi yang lain, pengajaran adalah seni dan amal penuh. Guru adalah orang yang mengajarkan murid untuk kaya dengan kehidupan terbaik mereka. Namun, masyarakat tidak peduli dengan profesi mengajar. Generasi baru nampaknya tidak tertarik dengan profesi ini. Kurangnya kemakmuran hidup guru merupakan faktor utama yang tidak diinginkan masyarakat terhadap profesi mengajar yang menjadi masalah. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, ada banyak cara untuk melakukan. Salah satunya adalah Peraturan Umum Profesi Pengajaran (UU No. 14, 2005). Peraturannya bukanlah solusi belaka, namun, disarankan agar kepribadian dan kinerja guru harus ditingkatkan sesuai keinginan. Makalah ini menawarkan usaha yang didasarkan pada qonaah dan komitmen. Artinya, guru tidak boleh bersikap pasif dengan mendorong diri mereka untuk melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas. Selain itu, guru harus menjunjung tinggi komitmen mereka untuk meningkatkan integritas mereka sebagai guru profesional.</span></div>
ISLAM DAN REVOLUSI: Posisi Dan Peran Ulama Dalam Revolusi Islam Iran
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin 
Published: May 2018

<p>This article explains that Islam, as a religion, demonstrates phenomena of social revolution. One of essential revolutions is Iranian Revolution. It has attracted almost all elements of society, from grass roots to elites. The discussion of Iranian Revolution is always interconnected with Moslem intellectuals. They were the decision makers of the revolution. There was the viewpoint discrepancy of Moslem intellectuals before and after the revolution. Before Iranian revolution, they had similar idea to end the authoritarian rezime (Reza Pahlevi) which was supported by the Western countries. However, after the revolution, Muslim intellectuals grew to be two groups: the reformism and the conservatism. Both groups see the authority of <em>wilayah al faqih</em> differently. The reformist group thought that <em>wilayah al faqih</em> was not valid to be the guide after revolution, but conservative group viewed conversely.</p><p> </p><p>Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa sebagai agama, Islam menunjukkan fenomena revolusi sosial. Salah satu revolusi yang penting ialah revolusi Iran. Ia menarik perhatian hampir seluruh elemen masyarakat dari kaum pribumi hingga kaum elit. Diskusi tentang Revolusi Iran selalu berhubungan dengan cendekiawan Muslim. Mereka adalah pembuat keputusan dalam revolusi. Ada ketidakcocokan sudut pandang cendekiawan Muslim sebelum dan sesudah revolusi. Sebelum revolusi Iran, mereka sependapat untuk mengakhiri rezim otoriter (Reza Pahlevi), yang didukung oleh negara-negara Barat. Sebaliknya, setelah revolusi, cendekiawan Muslim terbagi dua golongan: reformis dan konservatif. Kedua grup memandang otoritas <em>wilayah al faqih</em> secara berbeda. Grup reformis berpendapat bahwa <em>wilayah al faqih</em> tidak valid untuk dijadikan pedoman setelah revolusi, sedangkan grup konservatif berpendapat sebaliknya.</p><p> </p>
ANÁLISE DA SITUAÇÃO FINANCEIRA DE CAPITAL DE GIRO DE UM HOSPITAL FILANTRÓPICO DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Corrêa Rafaela , Ritta Cleyton De Oliveira 
Published: May 2018

O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar a situação financeira de capital de giro de um hospital filantrópico localizado no sul do Brasil, no período de 2014 a 2016. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa por meio de estudo de caso e análise documental das demonstrações contábeis. Os indicadores tradicionais de liquidez revelaram uma situação financeira desfavorável. Com relação aos indicadores de endividamento, destaca-se o alto grau de endividamento de curto prazo. Os indicadores dinâmicos apontaram que o hospital possui uma situação financeira de alto risco, visto que o Saldo de Tesouraria (ST) é positivo, a Necessidade de Capital de Giro (NCG) e Capital Circulante Líquido (CCL) são negativos. Isso demonstra que parte dos investimentos de longo prazo são financiados por dívidas vencíveis em curto prazo. Cabe ressaltar que os usuários internos e externos das demonstrações contábeis da instituição devem considerar o impacto das operações contabilizadas como subvenções/convênios governamentais na situação financeira do hospital, uma vez que tais registros podem ocultar a verdadeira situação financeira da instituição.
Production and Control of Reference Materials for Water Microbiology
Authors: Mooijman K. A. , Havelaar A. H. , Hoekstra J. A. , van Strijp-Lockefeer N. G. W. N. 
Published: May 2018

Reference materials for water microbiology were prepared by spray-drying milk, artificially contaminated with a known test strain. The resulting highly contaminated milk powder was mixed with sterile milk powder to a contamination level of 2000-3000 cfu/g. Gelatin capsules were filled with the mixture (0.2 g/capsule) to produce the reference materials. Test strains used were: WR1 Escherichia coli, WR3 Enterobacter cloacae, WR63 Enterococcus faecium and WR51 Staphylococcus spec. Optimalization of the mixing procedure and aging of the highly contaminated milk powder resulted in relatively homogeneous and stable reference materials. Short-time challenge tests at “high” temperatures (30 and 37 °C) may be predictive for long-term stability at “low” temperatures (4-6 °C). Reference materials with strain WR3 were stable for one week at 30 °C and for at least 6 months at 4-6 °C.
Possible applications of the reference materials are: quality control of routine measurements, comparison of the efficiency of different culturing methods and as a standardized sample in collaborative studies.
Surveillance Solutions to Microbiological Problems in Water Quality Control in Developing Countries
Authors: Lloyd B. J. , Bartram J. K. 
Published: May 2018

Many developing countries are failing to apply standard water quality control methods developed over almost a century in Europe and N America. In the search for simpler and cheaper methods inaccurate and spurious results are being reported in at least 10 countries in the S E Asian and Pacific regions. In countries where WHO is now promoting the development of water quality surveillance and improvement programmes the application of standard methods indicate that typically 70-85% of small supplies are faecally contaminated.
Beyond the Water Decade the focus on increased coverage needs to be amplified to include improvement of the quality of service. To achieve the necessary improvements the limitations in conventional microbiological and chemical quality control must be recognised. This paper provides examples of an integrated surveillance strategy for progressive improvement. This approach involves a much greater emphasis on sanitary inspection whilst complementary critical parameter water testing is placed in a supporting role.
Species and Genera of Enterobacteriaceae in River Neckar and after River Bank Filtration and Their Resistance Patterns to Antibiotics and Heavy Metal Salts
Authors: Schneider S. , Schweisfurth R. 
Published: May 2018

Water samples of 1000 ml volume derived from river Neckar, different observation wells and a steady run well used for drinking water production were examined on Enterobacteriaceae by enrichment in a glucose-peptone-medium. The isolated strains were tested on their susceptibilities to mercury, cadmium, copper, zinc, chrome and cobalt salts and twelve antibiotics, respectively.
No difference in susceptibilities to heavy metal salts was to be found within the different observation wells, river Neckar and the steady run well. The frequencies of found resistances to antibiotics were within the range of the values expected on the basis of data derived in the scope of examinations of clinically isolated Enterobacteriaceae strains. Increasing distance from river Neckar, linked with increasing detention periods in the aquifer, had no influence on the found resistance frequencies.
Contribution for the Study of New Pathogenic Indicators Removal from W.S.P. in Portugal
Authors: Nascimento M. J. , Oliveira J. S. , Oliveira L. , Mexia J. T. 
Published: May 2018

In the control of pathogens removal in W.S.P. in Portugal, other indicators than the classic ones were used to quantify die-off kinetics (Faecal coliforms, Faecal Streptococci, Clostridiumperfringens, Pseudomonasaeruginosa and Heterotrophies).
The influence of climatic parameters (temperature, precipitation, solar radiation) in that kinetics was studied, different equations being tested to express relationships existing among climatic parameters and microbial removal in different types of ponds.
The existence of significant correlations among these factors and parameters was concluded, as well as the dominance of certain models to quantify these relationships, differing according to the microorganisms considered, the type of lagoon and the climatic factor (θ) studied.
Electrochemical treatment of textile wastewater
Authors: Naumczyk J. , Szpyrkowicz L. , Zilio-Grandi F. 
Published: May 2018

The treatment of textile wastewater, containing a high concentration of Cl- ion, by an electrochemical method using Ti/RuO2, Ti/Pt and Ti/Pt/Ir electrodes is investigated. All three anodes proved to be very effective in direct or indirect oxidation of organics present in the wastewater.
After 60 min of electrolysis at 6 A/dm2, COD was reduced by 85-92% and DOC by about 85%. Of the three electrodes tested, the efficiency of organics removal followed the order: Ti/RuO2 &gt; Ti/Pt &gt; Ti/Pt/Ir. The electrochemical treatment of textile wastewater resulted in the production of many chloroorganics in high concentration. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of the following major products: 1,1-dichlorocyclopentene, 2,3-dichloro-2-methylbutane, chloromethylsilane, 2,3-dichloro-2-methyl butanoic acid, 2,3-dichloro-2-methyl propanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2, 3-butanediol and 2-butylphenol.
Evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con rinitis alérgica en una unidad de Medicina Familiar de la ciudad de México
Authors: Vilchis Chaparro Eduardo , Espinoza Anrubio Gilberto , Frías Austria Cesar Arturo 
Published: May 2018

<p><strong>Objetivo:</strong> determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes portadores de rinitis alérgica en una unidad de Medicina Familiar de la ciudad de México. <strong>Material y métodos: </strong>se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional y prolectivo en pacientes con rinitis alérgica de la consulta externa de una unidad de Medicina Familiar de la ciudad de México, elegidos por una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia, de septiembre a diciembre de 2009. Variables: edad, sexo, ocupación, limitación de las actividades, calidad de sueño, síntomas no alérgicos, problemas prácticos, síntomas nasales y oculares, estado emocional y calidad de vida. La evaluación se llevó a cabo por medio de la aplicación del Test RQLQ (Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire), análisis de datos, frecuencias y porcentajes. <strong>Resultados: </strong>de 243 pacientes entrevistados, se identificaron 156 (64.19%) del sexo femenino y 87 (35.80%) del sexo masculino. La media de edad fue de 25.97 años, la desviación estándar 7.905 años. Se encontraron 71 pacientes (29.21%) con mejor calidad de vida y 172 (70.78%) con peor calidad de vida. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> la calidad de vida se encuentra afectada en 70.78% de la población estudiada. La rinitis alérgica está asociada con una baja mortalidad, pero con una gran repercusión en los aspectos personales, físicos y psicológicos.</p>
Percepción de apoyo familiar en un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo al miocardio
Authors: Rocha Aguayo Margarita Azucena , Ramírez de la Roche Omar Fernando , Navarro García Ana María 
Published: May 2018

<p><strong>Objetivo: </strong>explorar la percepción del apoyo familiar de un grupo de pacientes con Infarto Agudo al Miocardio (IAM) durante su estancia en un hospital general ubicado en la ciudad de México. <strong>Material y métodos: </strong>estudio cualitativo, se indagaron cuatro ejes temáticos y se entrevistaron a seis pacientes con diagnóstico de IAM identificados en la unidad coronaria del Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, entre diciembre de 2007 y junio de 2009. <strong>Resultados: </strong><em>antes de</em> IAM<em>: </em>en ambos sexos se presentó miedo y confusión causados por la incertidumbre. En hombres hubo negación como mecanismo de defensa. En mujeres preocupación por las responsabilidades incumplidas y sensación de muerte asociada al miedo. <em>Estancia en</em> <em>urgencias: </em>los hombres por diferentes razones recibieron atención antes que las mujeres. <em>Estancia en la unidad coronaria: </em>a los hombres casados los visitaron sus esposas de manera regular y los hijos de manera esporádica; a las mujeres las visitaron sus familiares directos de manera esporádica. <em>Percepción del</em> <em>apoyo familiar: </em>sólo las mujeres percibieron la sensación de desequilibrio, en un contexto en el que la enfermedad es una crisis que desorganiza el funcionamiento familiar e impacta a todos sus miembros. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> se encontró un tipo de respuesta familiar a la enfermedad conocida como tendencia centrípeta, en la cual se presenta aumento en la cohesión de los miembros de la familia, en la que el paciente es el centro de las interacciones familiares.</p>
Autopercepción de competencia profesional de los alumnos de un curso de especialización en medicina familiar para médicos generales en México
Authors: Fernández Ortega Miguel Ángel , Hernández Torres Isaías , Arellano López Jorge , García Pedroza Felipe , Quiróz Pérez José Rubén 
Published: May 2018

<p><strong>Objetivo: </strong>evaluar la autopercepción del alumno acerca de su competencia profesional para resolver problemas específicos en algunas dimensiones de la atención médica. <strong>Material y métodos: </strong>estudio descriptivo y transversal. Mediante muestreo por conveniencia se solicitó a los alumnos del tercer año de la especialidad en medicina familiar participar voluntariamente para responder de forma anónima el cuestionario, mismo que se aplicó a 247 alumnos de un total de 880 estudiantes de tercer año del Curso de Especialización en Medicina Familiar para Médicos Generales (CEMFMG), durante 2007. El cuestionario exploró la competencia en dos áreas: aptitudes clínicas y aptitudes en áreas particulares a la medicina familiar. <strong>Resultados: </strong>se identificó una elevada percepción de competencia profesional, sin embargo, aunque con porcentajes bajos, algunos médicos reportaron falta de competencia en situaciones que debieran dominar por ser aspectos de presentación frecuente en el trabajo cotidiano del médico familiar: interpretación del electrocardiograma, manejo del paciente deprimido, obesidad, cefaleas, epilepsia, complicaciones del embarazo, violencia familiar y alteraciones de la columna vertebral. <strong>Conclusiones: </strong>se detectaron áreas con baja percepción de competencia profesional. La mayoría de los alumnos del CEMFMG se percibieron competentes para la mayoría de las condiciones investigadas.</p>
Zika un problema de salud pública
Authors: León Mayorga Yasshid , Baldassarri Ortego Luisa Fernanda , Nellen Hummel Haiko , Halabe Cherem José 
Published: May 2018

<p>El virus del Zika es un virus arn transmitido por mosquitos, fue aislado por primera vez en 1947 en los bosques de Zika, Uganda. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por exantema, cefalea y fiebre, en algunas ocasiones hay compromiso articular así como la presencia de otras complicaciones. Actualmente el virus del Zika se encuentra extendido en la mayoría de países del continente americano, incluido México. Dado el impacto clínico que tiene este virus a nivel poblacional, en el presente trabajo se abordan cuatro puntos de importancia epidemiológica: cuadro clínico, diagnóstico, complicaciones y tratamiento y prevención.</p>