bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat‐stress induced flowering can be a potential adaptive response to ocean warming for the iconic seagrass Posidonia oceanica
Authors: Marín‐Guirao Lazaro , Entrambasaguas Laura , Ruiz Juan M. , Procaccini Gabriele 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Mediterranean Sea is particularly vulnerable to warming and the abrupt declines experienced by the endemic Posidonia oceanica populations after recent heatwaves have forecasted severe consequences for the ecological functions and socio‐economical services this habitat forming species provides. Nevertheless, this highly clonal and long‐lived species could be more resilient to warming than commonly thought since heat‐sensitive plants massively bloomed after a simulated heatwave, which provides the species with an opportunity to adapt to climate change. Taking advantage of this unexpected plant response, we investigated for the first time the molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in seagrass flowering through the transcriptomic analysis of bloomed plants. We also aimed to identify if flowering is a stress‐induced response as suggested from the fact that heat‐sensitive but not heat‐tolerant plants flowered. The transcriptomic profiles of flowered plants showed a strong metabolic activation of sugars and hormones and indications of an active transport of these solutes within the plant, most likely to induce flower initiation in the apical meristem. Preflowered plants also activated numerous epigenetic‐related genes commonly used by plants to regulate the expression of key floral genes and stress‐tolerance genes, which could be interpreted as a mechanism to survive and optimize reproductive success under stress conditions. Furthermore, these plants provided numerous molecular clues suggesting that the factor responsible for the massive flowering of plants from cold environments (heat‐sensitive) can be considered as a stress. Heat‐stress induced flowering may thus be regarded as an ultimate response to survive extreme warming events with potential adaptive consequences for the species. Fitness implications of this unexpected stress‐response and the potential consequences on the phenotypic plasticity (acclimation) and evolutionary (adaptation) opportunity of the species to ocean warming are finally discussed.
The ideological work of the daily visual representations of nations
Authors: Dumitrica Delia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the ideological work performed by the inconspicuous flagging of the nation across four locations: Bucharest (Romania), Rotterdam (the Netherlands), Calgary (Canada) and Madrid (Spain). Using data collected between 2012 and 2016, the paper maps the use of the nation in outdoor signage across different urban landscapes. This mundane flagging of diverse nations performs a triple function: it reproduces the nation as a universal epistemic category, it entrenches mobility within the imaginary of contemporary urban life and it sanitises select mobilities and the power dynamics producing them. The ongoing use of the nation by different objects in our urban surroundings participates in the naturalisation of nationalism, furthering existing trends in the commercialisation of the nation and its reinvention as an innocuous brand addressing a global marketplace.
Reconciling nursing's art and science dualism: Toward a processual logic of nursing
Authors: Bender Miriam , Holmes Dave 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThere is an enduring debate in nursing regarding the art–science dualism, involving an articulation of two distinct ‘kinds’ of disciplinary knowledge: objective/scientific and subjective/artistic. Nursing identifies both as necessary, yet unbridgeable, which creates problems in constructing a coherent disciplinary knowledge base. We describe how this problem arises based on an ontological assumption of two different kinds of ‘stuff’ in the world: that with essential determinate properties and that without essential properties. We experiment with a solution by ontologically understanding the world as made from a single kind: That the most irreducible element of the world is process, in that reality is a continuous construction whereby subject and object are products, not independent constituents, of reality. Process philosophy overcomes nursing's ontological bifurcation and enables nursing's art–science dualism to be re‐conceptualized as a cohesive logic of skilled reality production. An unavoidable implication of a process turn in nursing philosophy is that the disciplinary goal no longer becomes a privileged ‘body of knowledge’ that authorizes, which has always been a defining challenge in nursing. Rather, and more productively perhaps, the aim is for greater sophistication and plurality in its ongoing commitment to attuning to reality in ways that shape disciplinary attainment.
Two Kinds of Logical Impossibility
Authors: Sandgren Alexander , Tanaka Koji 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that a distinction ought to be drawn between two ways in which a given world might be logically impossible. First, a world w might be impossible because the laws that hold at w are different from those that hold at some other world (say the actual world). Second, a world w might be impossible because the laws of logic that hold in some world (say the actual world) are violated at w. We develop a novel way of modelling logical possibility that makes room for both kinds of logical impossibility. Doing so has interesting implications for the relationship between logical possibility and other kinds of possibility (for example, metaphysical possibility) and implications for the necessity or contingency of the laws of logic.
Field crop phenomics: enabling breeding for radiation use efficiency and biomass in cereal crops
Authors: Furbank Robert T. , Jimenez‐Berni Jose A. , George‐Jaeggli Barbara , Potgieter Andries B. , Deery David M. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryPlant phenotyping forms the core of crop breeding, allowing breeders to build on physiological traits and mechanistic science to inform their selection of material for crossing and genetic gain. Recent rapid progress in high‐throughput techniques based on machine vision, robotics, and computing (plant phenomics) enables crop physiologists and breeders to quantitatively measure complex and previously intractable traits. By combining these techniques with affordable genomic sequencing and genotyping, machine learning, and genome selection approaches, breeders have an opportunity to make rapid genetic progress. This review focuses on how field‐based plant phenomics can enable next‐generation physiological breeding in cereal crops for traits related to radiation use efficiency, photosynthesis, and crop biomass. These traits have previously been regarded as difficult and laborious to measure but have recently become a focus as cereal breeders find genetic progress from ‘Green Revolution’ traits such as harvest index become exhausted. Application of LiDAR, thermal imaging, leaf and canopy spectral reflectance, Chl fluorescence, and machine learning are discussed using wheat and sorghum phenotyping as case studies. A vision of how crop genomics and high‐throughput phenotyping could enable the next generation of crop research and breeding is presented.
Renal function after combined liver‐kidney transplantation: A longitudinal study of pediatric and adult patients
Authors: Kivelä Jesper M. , Lempinen Marko , Holmberg Christer , Jalanko Hannu , Pakarinen Mikko P. , Isoniemi Helena , Lauronen Jouni 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt has been proposed that the liver protects the kidney in CLKT. However, few studies have examined long‐term renal function after CLKT and contrasted renal function of CLKT patients to KT patients beyond one year after transplantation. We studied long‐term renal function of CLKT patients and compared renal function of CLKT patients to KT patients between one and five years after transplantation. Patients who underwent CLKT between 1993 and 2011 were included (n = 34; 11 children and 23 adults). Ninety‐six (27 children and 69 adults) KT patients were selected as controls. GFR was estimated (eGFR) and measured (mGFR) with51Cr‐EDTA clearance. Mean mGFR was 63 at one and 70 at ten years after pediatric CLKT. Mean eGFR was 75 at one and 50 at ten years after adult CLKT. Difference in mean mGFR between pediatric CLKT and KT patients was 8 (95% CI −7 to 23) and 11 (95% CI −4 to 26) at one and five years after transplantation, respectively. Difference in mean eGFR between adult CLKT and KT patients was 8 (95% CI −5 to 20) and 1 (95% CI −10 to 12) at one and five years after transplantation, respectively. Longitudinal changes in GFRs were somewhat similar in CLKT and KT patients in both age‐groups but pediatric CLKT patients had on average higher GFRs than pediatric KT patients. In long‐term follow‐up, renal function remains stable in pediatric CLKT patients but declines in adult CLKT patients.
The European regulation of corporate social responsibility: The role of beneficiaries' intermediaries
Authors: Monciardini David , Conaldi Guido 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntended beneficiaries have an undeniable relevance to regulation. However, current research has focused mainly on the two‐party relationship between rulemaking and rule‐taking. We attempt to fill this gap by exploring the formal and informal roles that beneficiaries’ intermediaries played in co‐creating European Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) rules and associated practices between 2000 and 2017. By linking recent conceptualizations of regulatory intermediaries with the literature on critical political CSR, we offer a more dynamic and contextualized understanding of the roles of beneficiaries’ intermediaries. Specifically, we identify six micro‐dynamics through which they influenced the regulatory process. Notably, our findings highlight how the convergence of interests between three groups of beneficiaries’ intermediaries – the Non‐governmental organization–Investor–Union nexus – had a key role in reshaping CSR rules. We conclude that, in the European context, stronger and better‐coordinated beneficiaries’ intermediaries are crucial in order to achieve more effective corporate conduct regulation.
Non-parametric Bayes Models for Mixed Scale Longitudinal Surveys
Authors: Kunihama Tsuyoshi , Halpern Carolyn T. , Herring Amy H. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryModelling and computation for multivariate longitudinal surveys have proven challenging, particularly when data are not all continuous and Gaussian but contain discrete measurements. In many social science surveys, study participants are selected via complex survey designs such as stratified random sampling, leading to discrepancies between the sample and population, which are further compounded by missing data and loss to follow-up. Survey weights are typically constructed to address these issues, but it is not clear how to include them in models. Motivated by data on sexual development, we propose a novel non-parametric approach for mixed scale longitudinal data in surveys. In the approach proposed, the mixed scale multivariate response is expressed through an underlying continuous variable with dynamic latent factors inducing time varying associations. Bias from the survey design is adjusted for in posterior computation relying on a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The approach is assessed in simulation studies and applied to the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.
Three‐layer flows in the shallow water limit
Authors: de Melo Viríssimo Francisco , Milewski Paul A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe formulate and discuss the shallow water limit dynamics of the layered flow with three layers of immiscible fluids of different densities bounded above and below by horizontal walls. We obtain a resulting system of four equations, which may be nonlocal in the non‐Boussinesq case. We provide a systematic way to pass to the Boussinesq limit, and then study those equations, which are first‐order PDEs of mixed type, more carefully. We show that in a symmetric case the solutions remain on an invariant surface and using simple waves we illustrate that this is not the case for nonsymmetric cases. Reduced models consisting of systems of two equations are also proposed and compared to the full system.
Alkali delivery in chronic hemodialysis: Would more acetate be helpful?
Authors: Uribarri Jaime , Oh Man S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe dialysate alkali used in hemodialysis to replace low body alkali levels in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has changed over time from bicarbonate to acetate and finally back to bicarbonate with a small addition of acetate. The ideal way to replace alkali in dialysis patients remains uncertain. Elsewhere in this issue of the journal, Sargent and Gennari, who have contributed greatly to our understanding of dialysis and acid‐base kinetics, suggest that decreasing the currently used concentration of bicarbonate while increasing concentration of acetate in the dialysate may be a much more physiological approach to alkali delivery during hemodialysis. These recommendations are based on results from a series of hemodialysis simulations using mathematical theoretical methods, with the assumption that acetate metabolism will be sufficiently delayed with the higher acetate dialysate and reduce the rate of correction of metabolic acidosis during dialysis. Although valuable in calling attention to the issues surrounding alkali repletion during hemodialysis, these postulations should be tested in clinical trials. We believe, however, that the available evidence suggests that the rate of gain of bicarbonate during dialysis with the higher acetate dialysate would not be slower and that the replacement of some dialysate bicarbonate with acetate will not alter alkali accretion or intradialytic pH.
Echocardiographic screening of 4107 Nigerian school children for rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Ekure Ekanem N. , Amadi Casmir , Sokunbi Ogochukwu , Kalu Nnenna , Olusegun‐Joseph Akinsanya , Kushimo Oyewole , Hassan Olayinka , Ikebudu Desmond , Onyia Sophia , Onwudiwe Chinonso , Nwankwo Victor , Akinwunmi Remi , Awusa Fukpode , Akere Zainab , Dele‐Salawu Olaolu , Ajayi Elizabeth , Ale Olagoke , Muoneke Dorothy , Muenke Maximillian , Kruszka Paul , Beaton Andrea , Sable Craig , Adeyemo Adebowale 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveEchocardiographic screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in Africa has revealed prevalence rates in the range of 0.5–7.4%. There are no recent large population‐based studies in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of RHD in a large sample of Nigerian school children.MethodsUsing portable transthoracic echocardiography and auscultation, school children aged 5 years to 16 years in Lagos, Nigeria were screened for RHD. Diagnosis was based on the 2012 World Heart Federation echocardiographic criteria.ResultsThe 4107 children screened had mean age of 11.3 years (SD = 2.6) and 2206 (53.7%) were females. There were 38 children with abnormal echocardiograms, of which 11 (0.27%) showed RHD including two cases of definite RHD giving a prevalence of 2.7/1000 [2.9/1000 in the peri‐urban, 2.4/1000 in the urban area). Echocardiography detected RHD 10 times better than auscultation [echocardiography 11 (0.27%) vs. auscultation 1 (0.02%); P = 0.003]. The remaining 27 children with abnormal echocardiograms had congenital heart defects (CHD) giving a prevalence of 6.6/1000 for CHD, a yield higher than for RHD.ConclusionPrevalence of RHD among school children in Lagos, South West Nigeria is low compared to other African countries, possibly due to better access to medical care and antibiotic treatment for infections. Our data provides evidence that RHD prevalence may vary substantially within sub‐Saharan Africa, necessitating targeted population‐based sampling to better understand disease burden and distribution. Further work is needed to compare within‐ and between‐country RHD prevalence as a basis for programme planning and control efforts.
Three‐factor prothrombin complex concentrates for refractory bleeding after cardiovascular surgery within an algorithmic approach to haemostasis
Authors: Hashmi Nazish K. , Ghadimi Kamrouz , Srinivasan Amudan J. , Li Yi‐Ju , Raiff Robert D. , Gaca Jeffrey G. , Root Adam G. , Barac Yaron D. , Ortel Thomas L. , Levy Jerrold H. , Welsby Ian J. 
Published: April 2019

Background/ObjectivesProthrombin complex concentrates (PCC) are increasingly administered off‐label in the United States to treat bleeding in cardiovascular surgical patients and carry the potential risk for acquired thromboembolic side‐effects after surgery. Therefore, we hypothesized that the use of low‐dose 3‐factor (3F) PCC (20‐30 IU/kg), as part of a transfusion algorithm, reduces bleeding without increasing postoperative thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.Materials/MethodsAfter IRB approval, we retrospectively analysed 114 consecutive, complex cardiovascular surgical patients (age > 18 years), between February 2014 and June 2015, that received low‐dose 3F‐PCC (Profilnine®), of which seven patients met established exclusion criteria. PCC was dosed according to an institutional perioperative algorithm. Allogeneic transfusions were recorded before and after PCC administration (n = 107). The incidence of postoperative thromboembolic events was determined within 30 days of surgery, and Factor II levels were measured in a subset of patients (n = 20) as a quality control measure to avoid excessive PCC dosing.ResultsTotal allogeneic blood product transfusion reached a mean of 12·4 ± 9·9 units before PCC and 5·0 ± 6·3 units after PCC administration (P < 0·001). The mean PCC dose was 15·8 ± 7·1 IU/kg. Four patients (3·8%) each experienced an ischaemic stroke on postoperative day 1, 2, 4 and 27. Seven patients (6·5%) had acquired venous thromboembolic disease within 10 days of surgery. Median factor II level after transfusion algorithm adherence and PCC administration was 87%.Conclusions3F‐PCC use for refractory bleeding after cardiovascular surgery resulted in reduced transfusion of allogeneic blood and blood products. Adherence to this algorithmic approach was associated with an acceptable incidence of postoperative thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.
Synthesis and characterization of highly crystalline Na‐X zeolite from class F fly ash
Authors: Golbad Saeed , Khoshnoud Parisa , Keleney Garrett , Abu‐Zahra Nidal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this research is to illustrate the feasibility of transforming a byproduct of coal combustion process (fly ash) into a highly crystalline zeolite with enhanced ion exchange capacity and molecular sieving ability that can be used in various phase separation applications. The main crystalline phases present were: α‐quartz, Mullite, Hematite, Magnetite and Lime. The hydrothermal synthesis process resulted in the formation of a Na‐A in low alkalinity, and Na‐X (Na88Al88Si104O384 (H2O)172.1) in higher alkalinity – classified as FAU (Faujasite). Physisorption analysis using BET method revealed the presence of micropores. Cation exchange capacity increased, as high as 374 meq/g, by increasing the crystallization time. Highly ordered pore structure, enhanced specific surface area and the presence of a negative charge in the framework of Na‐X zeolite (FAU) make it a strong adsorbent and an effective molecular sieve with high shape/size selectivity for various applications, including petroleum refinery catalytic cracking units.
The effect of minimally invasive surgical aortic valve replacement on postoperative pulmonary and skeletal muscle function
Authors: Boujemaa Hajar , Yilmaz Alaaddin , Robic Boris , Koppo Katrien , Claessen Guido , Frederix Ines , Dendale Paul , Völler Heinz , van Loon Luc JC , Hansen Dominique 
Published: April 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
How does surgical aortic valve replacement affect cardiopulmonary and muscle function during exercise?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Early after the surgical replacement of the aortic valve a significant decline in pulmonary function was observed, which was followed by a decline in skeletal muscle function in the subsequent weeks of recovery. These date reiterate, despite restoration of aortic valve function, the need for a tailored rehabilitation programme for the respiratory and peripheral muscular system.
AbstractSuboptimal post‐operative improvements in functional capacity are often observed after minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (mini‐AVR). It remains to be studied how AVR affects the cardiopulmonary and skeletal muscle function during exercise to explain these clinical observations and to provide a basis for improved/tailored post‐operative rehabilitation. Twenty‐two patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) (aortic valve area (AVA) <1.0 cm²) were pre‐operatively compared to 22 healthy controls during submaximal constant‐workload endurance‐type exercise for oxygen uptake (), carbon dioxide output (), respiratory gas exchange ratio, expiratory volume (), ventilatory equivalents for O2 (/) and CO2 (/), respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (Vt), heart rate (HR), oxygen pulse (/HR), blood lactate, Borg ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and exercise‐onset kinetics. These exercise tests were repeated at 5 and 21 days after AVR surgery (n = 14), along with echocardiographic examinations. Respiratory exchange ratio and ventilatory equivalents (/ and /) were significantly elevated, and /HR were significantly lowered, and exercise‐onset kinetics were significantly slower in AS patients vs. healthy controls (P < 0.05). Although the AVA was restored by mini‐AVR in AS patients, / and / further worsened significantly within 5 days after surgery, accompanied by elevations in Borg RPE, and RR, and lowered Vt. At 21 days after mini‐AVR, exercise‐onset kinetics further slowed significantly (P < 0.05). A decline in pulmonary function was observed early after mini‐AVR surgery, which was followed by a decline in skeletal muscle function in the subsequent weeks of recovery. Therefore, a tailored rehabilitation programme should include training modalities for the respiratory and peripheral muscular system.