bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tiro con arco tradicional: un estudio piloto de electromiografía de superficie
Authors: Lima Rodríguez David , Ramírez Farto Emerson 
Published: September 2019

El tiro con arco siempre ha sido un deporte minoritario, por lo que es un deporte poco investigado. El objetivo de este estudio piloto ha sido determinar la importancia del bíceps braquial del brazo de cuerda, porción lateral del tríceps braquial del brazo de cuerda, recto abdominal y erector spinae en su porción lumbar durante la acción técnica de tiro con arco en las divisiones de arco longbow y arco instintivo. Se análizó mediante electromiografía de superficie la activación muscular del bíceps braquial del brazo de cuerda, porción lateral del tríceps braquial del brazo de cuerda, recto abdominal y erector spinae en su porción lumbar el disparo de dos flechas a seis participantes. Los resultados apuntan a un mismo patrón de activación máxima y activación absoluta en cuatro de los y las seis participantes con mayor nivel de experiencia y rendimiento técnico y mejor adaptabilidad al propio material de entrenamiento. Los dos participantes con diferente patrón de activación máxima y activación absoluta, presentan dichos patrones similares entre ellos. Siendo los resultados de este estudio no aptos para la generalización, parece ser necesaria una mayor implicación de la porción lateral del tríceps braquial del brazo de cuerda respecto al bíceps braquial del brazo de cuerda. Pese a no haber sido posible comparar la implicación del recto abdominal con la implicación del erector spinae, la implicación máxima y absoluta del erector spinae puede tener influencia en la adopción de una postura poco estable durante la acción técnica de disparo de una flecha.
Tres teorías sobre el derecho a la autodeterminación
Authors: Rubio Medina Edwin 
Published: September 2019

El derecho tiene dos dimensiones: puede representar un statu quo injusto, pero asimismo puede representar una herramienta de lucha aplicable a cualquier actor social. Esta idea es desarrollada en este artículo a través del análisis del derecho a la autodeterminación.
La autodeterminación es un viejo concepto que representa el autogobierno ante los Estados. Sin embargo, recién a principios del siglo XX se reconoció como derecho y, posteriormente, como derecho humano. En este artículo, se analiza la noción de autodeterminación desde un alcance teórico sin dejar de lado algunos elementos históricos. Primero, el artículo explica lo que significó la autodeterminación desde el punto de vista de John Locke como representante de la ley natural: el liberalismo. Posteriormente, se analiza desde la perspectiva de Marx y Lenin, quienes se constituyeron en un fundamento a favor de la descolonización africana. Finalmente, se resalta cómo los movimientos indígenas globales reinterpretaron la noción de autodeterminación a través de la Constitución boliviana y el concepto de Sumak Kawsay. Este caso ejemplifica cómo el derecho y los derechos humanos pueden ser un territorio indeterminado y disputable.
Mothers and sisters: educators of sexual health information among young Niue women born in New Zealand
Authors: Ikihele Amio , Nosa Vili 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT:
Background: For many Pacific youth in New Zealand, discussing sexual health topics with their parents or families remains a highly sensitive subject that is uncomfortable and culturally challenging. These conversations are even more difficult for young Pacific females who are expected to show modest and virtuous behaviours. The aim of this paper is to describe the role of mothers and sisters in conveying sexual and reproductive health information among young Niue women born in New Zealand.
Methods: Twenty Niue young women took part in semi-structured qualitative interviews. The young women needed to be of Niue descent, born in New Zealand, living in Auckland and aged between 16-24 years.
Findings: This study highlighted the influential role of mothers – both Island born, and New Zealand born – within the home, with mothers identified as being more likely to be involved raising and educating daughters around sexual health. The young women firmly believed mothers were their first teachers and were better placed to lead such sensitive discussions. Interestingly, the findings also drew attention to the role of sisters in the dissemination and search for sexual health information, with many of the participants reporting sisters as important positive influences.
Conclusion: This research provides important findings on the role of Niue women – both mothers and sisters – who have been identified as a key source and educator of sexual health information. These findings have significant relevance for Niue women and the potential for intergenerational discussions to take place, ensuring young Niue females are informed with adequate information and advice to make informed sexual health decisions.
Implementasi Prinsip Nilai dan Etika Pekerja Sosial dalam Penanganan Pengemis di IPSM Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Novie Purnia 
Published: September 2019

Social work is as a help profession. It has a basic task in overcoming social problems, one of them is handling the beggars. The method used in this study was a qualitative method by describing the implementation of the value principles and ethics of social workers in handling the beggars through the Yogyakarta Society of Social Workers Association and the ethical dilemmas inside. The purpose of this study was expected to provide an overview of practices in the field as an effort to improve the quality of social work, increasingly to have adequate competence, both in terms of values and ethics in carrying out their profession. The results of this study indicated that in the implementation of the value principles and ethics of social workers with reviews of acceptance, individualization, disclosure of feelings, non-judgmental attitudes, objectivity, self determination, confidentiality and accountability. The whole principles had been practiced. However, during practicing in the field, there were ethic dilemmas in the application of the principles. They were dilemmas in client confidentiality, policy laws, management care and scarce and limited resources.
A Study of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients of Epilepsy on Anti-Epileptic Drug
Authors: Chauhan mam Dr. Anuya , Pathak mam Dr.Gargi , Godhani Dr.Devhuti 
Published: September 2019

Medical literature has recently focused attention on the impact of vitamin D on various aspects of health. Besides its pivotal role in calcium homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism, it is now recognized to serve a wide range of fundamental biological functions. The association between vitamin D, antiepileptic drugs , and bone health in individuals with epilepsy has been recognized for more than 30 years . Seizures themselves pose a risk for injury, including fractures; and the added co-morbidity of poor bone health increase this risk, especially in children with who suffer from seizures with motor manifestations, as well as those with impaired motor function and coordination. Many AEDs are inducers of hepatic cytochrome P450 metabolism. It has been postulated that these AEDs result in increased hepatic metabolism of vitamin D, leading to low vitamin D levels. However, non-enzyme inducing AEDs have also been associated with low vitamin D levels and in turn with poor bone health. Therefore, although the newer AEDs are less-potent enzyme inducers than older AED, they are not necessarily inert in bone metabolism. Studies have reported variable changes in vitamin D levels in children taking AEDs. We aimed to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency among children with epilepsy on antiepileptic drugs.
Haematological Profile of Hiv Patients In Relation to Immune Status in Kumasi, A Case Study.
Authors: Ofosu David Ntiamoah , Debrekyei Yeboah Marfo- , Duah Joana , Donkor Lilian , Owiredu Eddie-Wiiliams 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection represents the most common cause of acquired immune deficiency leading to AIDS. CD4 is found on immune cells like T cells, macrophages and monocyte. HIV infects CD4 cells and in the absence of suitable therapy leads to CD4 cell lymphopenia. The progressive decline in CD4 cells eventually leads to the development of haematological abnormalities, opportunistic infections, wasting, cancer and death.
Aim: The study compared the haematological profiles to the CD4 count among HIV patients attending ART at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Obuasi Government Hospital.
Materials and Method: a cross sectional analytical study involving 385 selected patients with HIV in Ashanti Region was done. CD4 count and Full blood count were performed to determine the immune status of the patients and haematological parameters.
Results: Out of 385 HIV patients enrolled in the study, the mean age, weight, and duration of therapy was 40.62 years old, 58.33 kg, and 6.17 years respectively. A higher proportion of the study participants were females (73.7%), married (42.7%), had HIV-1 (97.7%) and informal education (83.0%). CD4 count was directly associated with haemoglobin levels (r=0.32), WBC count (r= 0.23) especially with neutrophils. However, CD4 count was negatively associated with lymphocyte count (r= -0.14).
Conclusion: This study revealed that there is a strong association between CD4 counts and the severity of anemia and neutropenia in HIV/AIDS patients. Anemia and neutropenia in HIV patients can be considered as good clinical indicators to predict and access the underlying immune status.
KEY WORDS: HIV/AIDS, CD4 count, neutropenia,
Benign Symmetrical Lipomatosis (Bsl) Of The Head And Neck: Clinical Case Presentation
Authors: Stanimirov Pavel , Dzhenkov Samuil 
Published: September 2019

Benign symmetrical lipomatosis (BSL) is a rare pathological finding with an alcohol connection. It predominantly affects males in the age between 30 and 60-year-old. Once developed, the disease does not undergo regression. The fatty accumulations have constant and progressive overgrowth that may significantly affect breathing, eating and speech. The most effective method for treatment is the surgical removal of the tumor masses. In the following we present a clinical case report of a 44-year-old male with BSL.
Analisis Kadar Timbal (Pb) pada Bedak Tabur dan Eyeshadow dengan Variasi Metode Destruksi dan Zat Pengoksidasi dengan Spektroskopi Serapan Atom
Authors: Dewi Diana Candra , Mahmudah RIf'atul , Kumalawati Oktrin Rustika , Amalullia Diana 
Published: September 2019

<pre><span>Loose powder and eyeshadow are cosmetics often used by women in their daily activities. Some cosmetic products contain heavy metal in the composition.<em> </em></span><span lang="EN">This study aims to determine the concentration of lead in the loose powder and eyeshadow both registered and unregistered at the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) in Malang. The destruction method used is wet digestion in the opened and closed systems with variations of oxidizing agents of HNO<sub>3</sub> and HClO<sub>4</sub>. The concentration of lead was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The results of destruction optimization on loose powder and eyeshadow showed wet digestion in closed system gave the best destruction results. The best oxidizing agent for both products is a mixture of HNO<sub>3</sub>: HClO<sub>4</sub> (2: 1). Lead concentration in the loose powder product for samples A, B, C, D was </span><span>18.90±0.35, 19.10±0.46, 23.47±0.65 and 28.90±0.35</span><span lang="EN">mg/Kg, respectively. Eyeshadow samples of E, F, G, and H contained lead concentrations were </span><span>25.67±1.76, 34.23±0.57, 45.30±0.56 and 45.90±1.78</span><span lang="EN"> mg/Kg, respectively</span></pre><pre>Keywords: cosmetics, loose powder, eyeshadow, lead</pre><p class="BodyAbstract"> </p><p class="BodyAbstract"> </p><p class="BodyAbstract">Bedak tabur dan eyeshadow merupakan kosmetik yang sering digunakan oleh wanita dalam kehidupaan sehari-hari. Beberapa produk kosmetik mengandung logam berat dalam komposisinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar timbal pada bedak tabur dan eyeshadow baik yang terdaftar dan tidak terdaftar di Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) di kota Malang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode destruksi basah (terbuka dan tertutup) dengan variasi zat pengoksidasi HNO<sub>3</sub> dan HClO<sub>4</sub>. Kadar timbal dianalisis menggunakan spektroskopi serapan atom (SSA). Hasil optimasi desktruksi pada bedak tabur dan eyeshadow menunjukkan bahwa destruksi basah tertutup memberikan hasil destruksi terbaik. Adapun pengoksidasi terbaik untuk kedua produk tersebut adalah campuran HNO<sub>3</sub>:HClO<sub>4</sub> (2:1). Kadar timbal bedak tabur pada sampel A, B, C, D masing-masing sebesar 18,90±0,35; 19,10±0,46; 23,47±0,65 dan 28,90±0,35 mg/Kg. Sampel eyeshadow E, F, G, dan H mengandung kadar timbal sebesar 25,67±1,76; 34,23±0,57; 45,30±0,56 dan 45,90±1,78 mg/Kg, berturut-turut.</p><p class="BodyAbstract">Kata kunci: kosmetik, bedak tabur, eyeshadow, timbal</p>
Utilização do Internamento Hospitalar em Portugal Continental por Crianças com Doenças Crónicas Complexas (2011 – 2015)
Authors: Lacerda Ana Forjaz , Oliveira Graça , Cancelinha Cândida , Lopes Silvia 
Published: September 2019

Introdução: Fruto da mudança epidemiológica, o interesse pelas doenças crónicas complexas no sistema de saúde pediátrico tem vindo a crescer. Assim, pretendemos avaliar a utilização do internamento hospitalar do Serviço Nacional de Saúde (Portugal Continental) por doentes pediátricos (0 – 17 anos) com doenças crónicas complexas.Material e Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico observacional longitudinal retrospetivo (base de dados de morbilidade hospitalar anonimizada). Selecionámos episódios de internamento de doentes pediátricos, entre 2011 – 2015; excluímos recém-nascidos saudáveis e radioterapia ambulatória. Análise descritiva dos episódios de internamento de doentes pediátricos com doenças crónicas complexas, caracterizados por número e categoria de doenças crónicas complexas. Foram aplicados testes não paramétricos à duração de internamento, despesa e mortalidade.Resultados: Nos 419 927 episódios, constavam códigos de doenças crónicas complexas em 64 918 (15,5%). Estes episódios com doenças crónicas complexas representaram 29,8% dos dias de internamento, 39,4% da despesa e 87,2% dos óbitos. Custaram o dobro dos episódios sem doenças crónicas complexas (€1467 vs €745) e tiveram uma mortalidade 40 vezes superior (2,4% vs 0,06%). Do total, 46,0% foram programados (sem doenças crónicas complexas 23,2%); 64,8% ocorreram em hospitais grupo III – IV (sem doenças crónicas complexas 27,1%). Nos episódios com doenças crónicas complexas, a doença maligna foi a categoria mais frequente (23,0%); a maior demora mediana (12 dias, 6 – 41), despesa mediana (€3568,929 – 24 602) e mortalidade (13,4%) verificaram-se na categoria neonatais.Discussão: Esta análise mostrou que, embora o número absoluto de internamentos de doentes pediátricos esteja a diminuir em Portugal Continental, à semelhança de outros países desenvolvidos, os internamentos com doenças crónicas complexas têm vindo a aumentar proporcionalmente, sendo mais prolongados, onerosos e com maior probabilidade de morte do que os episódios sem doenças crónicas complexas (tendências acentuadas quando constam duas ou mais doenças crónicas complexas).Conclusão: As doenças crónicas complexas são relevantes na atividade e despesa do internamento hospitalar pediátrico em Portugal Continental. Este reconhecimento e a integração de cuidados paliativos pediátricos desde o diagnóstico são essenciais para adequar a utilização do hospital, desenvolvendo alternativas efetivas e sustentáveis que vão ao encontro das necessidades das crianças, famílias e profissionais.
Avaliação Ecográfica da Disfunção Diafragmática Induzida pelo Ventilador em Idade Pediátrica
Authors: Dionisio Maria Teresa , Rebelo Armanda , Pinto Carla , Carvalho Leonor , Neves José Farela 
Published: September 2019

Introdução: A ventilação mecânica invasiva condiciona disfunção diafragmática, atrasando a extubação e aumentando a mortalidade em adultos. Em pediatria, apesar de eventualmente mais relevante, essa disfunção não é sistematicamente avaliada. A ecografia diafragmática tem sido proposta como uma técnica não invasiva e segura para esse fim. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a evolução dos índices ecográficos de morfologia e função diafragmáticas em crianças ventiladas.Material e Métodos: Estudo exploratório, prospetivo. Foram incluídas crianças admitidas num Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos sob ventilação mecânica invasiva > 48 horas e realizadas medições ecográficas de espessura, excursão e fração de espessamento diafragmáticas.Resultados: Foram incluídos 17 casos. Mediana de idades: 42 meses. Eram do género masculino 10/17, tinham comorbilidades 7/17 e manifestavam desnutrição na admissão 3/17 casos. Mediana do tempo sob ventilação invasiva: sete dias. Medianas das espessuras diafragmáticas inicial e mínima: 2,3 e 1,9 mm, respetivamente, tendo-se observado uma diminuição mediana da espessura de 13% sob volume controlado regulado por pressão. Observou-se atrofia diafragmática em 14/17 casos. Verificaram-se diferenças na mediana da variação da espessura entre os grupos com e sem sépsis (0,70 vs 0,25 mm; p = 0,019). Durante a ventilação em pressão de suporte, observou-se uma tendência para aumento da espessura e excursão diafragmáticas. Ocorreu falência de extubação parafração de espessamento ≤ 35%.Discussão: Sob volume controlado regulado por pressão verificou-se tendência para diminuição da espessura diafragmática. Sob pressão de suporte, verificou-se uma tendência para o seu aumento. Estes resultados sugerem que, titulando a ventilação, podemos reduzir as alterações morfológicas diafragmáticas associadas à ventilação.Conclusão: O reconhecimento precoce de alterações diafragmáticas poderá fomentar uma abordagem dirigida, de forma a limitar a disfunção diafragmática induzida pelo ventilador e suas repercussões.
Análise da Revisão Cochrane: Reabilitação Cardíaca Baseada no Exercício na Doença Arterial Coronária. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;1:CD001800
Authors: Carvalheira-dos-Santos Rita , Delgado Ricardo-Manuel , Ferreira-dos-Santos Guilherme , Vaz-Carneiro António 
Published: September 2019

A doença coronária, responsável por um terço de todas as mortes, é a causa de morte mais comum em todo o mundo. Todavia, com o decréscimo das taxas de mortalidade associadas a esta patologia, observa-se um número crescente de doentes com a doença, com aumento da necessidade de gestão dos seus sintomas e prognóstico. A reabilitação cardíaca, componente essencial do tratamento contemporâneo da doença arterial coronária, é uma intervenção complexa que envolve variadas técnicas, incluindo exercício físico, correção dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares tradicionais, terapia comportamental e apoio psicológico, sendo considerada uma prioridade em países em que a prevalência da doença é elevada. Esta revisão sistemática Cochrane constitui uma atualização de uma revisão Cochrane publicada em 2011, tendo identificado 16 novos ensaios clínicos (3872 doentes), predominantemente em status pós-enfarte agudo do miocárdio e pós-cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Incluiu, assim, 63 ensaios clínicos aleatorizados que estudaram a eficácia e o custo-efetividade da reabilitação cardíaca baseada no exercício físico, em pacientes com doença arterial coronária. A confiança na evidência científica variou de baixa a moderada. Dos principais resultados destaca-se o efeito da reabilitação cardíaca, em comparação com a ausência de exercício físico, na redução na mortalidade cardiovascular, todavia sem redução da mortalidade total. Apesar da reabilitação cardíaca ter diminuído o risco global de internamento hospitalar, o mesmo não se verificou para o risco de enfarte, cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica ou intervenção coronária percutânea. Neste artigo sumarizam-se e discutem-se os principais resultados, conclusões e implicações desta revisão sistemática para a prática clínica.
توظيف المقاطع الصوتية في تعليم الإملاء الوظيفي الهمزة المتوسطة نموذجًا
Authors: المذهان صالح فليح زعل 
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to illustrate the impact of the use of clips in teaching Arabic as a second language in dictation skills, especially the writing of the medium Hamza, which shows that teaching students the audio clips and mastery, and learning the base of the strongest movements in dictation helps them to master the writing of the medium Hamza and facilitates The student must write the medium Hamza and explain the writing in a scientific way, thus addressing the phenomenon of students ' weakness in spelling skills, and raising their language proficiency in the readings of the words. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach, between the concept of audio clips, types, how to analyze the word to its vocal passages, correct the word characters, and the application of the strongest movements, the crumb, the bundle, the slot, and what fits the movement, the crumb fits the tone, and the package fits the F The slot fits a thousand, explaining the writing of the medium Hamza according to the spelling rules. The researcher concluded with the following results: The performance of the students in the writing of the medium Hamza, the increase of their spelling, and their ability to explain the writing of the middle Hamza according to a scientific method based on the audio clips, and to address the weakness of students in spelling skill according to a scientific spelling theory.
طرائق تعليم القراءة والكتابة والربط بينهما لأطفال المرحلة الأساسية من التعليم
Authors: المجيد غسان عبد 
Published: September 2019

This paper aims at clarifying some of the specificities of Arabic language teaching as well as shedding light on the learning difficulties faced by some trainees at the level of learning and learning skills. In the same context, this paper proposes new methodologies that help overcome some learning difficulties to achieve success at the primary level, and explain the relationship between reading and writing and linking these two skills.
We have reached the following conclusions:
To recognize the function of the teacher in the ability to connect between the processes of reading and writing, and to communicate the learner to the fact that reading is an interactive structural analysis, not intended to just know the words written and spoken correctly, but beyond to understand what he reads between his knowledge and experience And to interpret the reading material and do it using the ability to imagine and think and then try to formulate all this and use in the writing process.
أثر علوم اللغة العربيّة في فهم النّصوص الشّرعيّة: مقدّمة تنظيريّة أولى
Authors: الكرديّ رائد عليّ , المعايطة ريم فرحان , الفجّاويّ عمر عبد الله 
Published: September 2019

The Impact of Arabic Language's Sciences on Understanding the Islamic Contexts: A First Theoretical Introduction
In the ancient centuries of Arabic and Islamic heritage, all sciences were connected and the benefit was exchanged among them. However, the stsudents received information from scholars by listening to their lectures, sessions and presentations, and then they became qualified with certificates in era's sciences which assisted them in their fields, by delivering questions and solving problematic and controversial issues.
This paper deals with the impact of Arabic Language's sciences on understanding the Islamic Contexts. It has divided into two tracks, first: shine examples and models from Arabic and Islamic Heritage which explain the interesting of commentators and jurists in Arabic Sciences, like Ibn Abbas, Ashshafie, Attabari and Azzamakhshari.
Second: examples of linguistics understanding in some of The Holy Quran's Verses and its impact on assisting commentators and jurists in formulating their rules.