bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SGSNet: a lightweight deep learning model for strawberry growth stage detection
Authors: Li Zhiyu , Wang Jianping , Gao Guohong , Lei Yufeng , Zhao Chenping , Wang Yan , Bai Haofan , Liu Yuqing , Guo Xiaojuan , Li Qian 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDetecting strawberry growth stages is crucial for optimizing production management. Precise monitoring enables farmers to adjust management strategies based on the specific growth needs of strawberries, thereby improving yield and quality. However, dense planting patterns and complex environments within greenhouses present challenges for accurately detecting growth stages. Traditional methods that rely on large-scale equipment are impractical in confined spaces. Thus, the development of lightweight detection technologies suitable for portable devices has become essential.MethodsThis paper presents SGSNet, a lightweight deep learning model designed for the fast and accurate detection of various strawberry growth stages. A comprehensive dataset covering the entire strawberry growth cycle is constructed to serve as the foundation for model training and testing. An innovative lightweight convolutional neural network, named GrowthNet, is designed as the backbone of SGSNet, facilitating efficient feature extraction while significantly reducing model parameters and computational complexity. The DySample adaptive upsampling structure is employed to dynamically adjust sampling point locations, thereby enhancing the detection capability for objects at different scales. The RepNCSPELAN4 module is optimized with the iRMB lightweight attention mechanism to achieve efficient multi-scale feature fusion, significantly improving the accuracy of detecting small targets from long-distance images. Finally, the Inner-IoU optimization loss function is applied to accelerate model convergence and enhance detection accuracy.ResultsTesting results indicate that SGSNet performs exceptionally well across key metrics, achieving 98.83% precision, 99.45% recall, 99.14% F1 score, 99.50% mAP@0.5, and a loss value of 0.3534. It surpasses popular models such as Faster R-CNN, YOLOv10, and RT-DETR. Furthermore, SGSNet has a computational cost of only 14.7 GFLOPs and a parameter count as low as 5.86 million, demonstrating an effective balance between high performance and resource efficiency.DiscussionLightweight deep learning model SGSNet not only exceeds the mainstream model in detection accuracy, but also greatly reduces the need for computing resources and is suitable for portable devices. In the future, the model can be extended to detect the growth stage of other crops, further advancing smart agricultural management.
Natural Inhibitors of Salmonella MDR Efflux Pumps AcrAB and AcrD: An Integrated In Silico, Molecular, and In Vitro Investigation
Authors: El-Demerdash Azza S. , Kamel Shimaa A. , Elariny Eman Y. T. , Henidi Hanan , Mahran Yasmin , Alahdal Hadil , Saleh Abdulrahman M. , Ibrahim Rehab A. 
Published: December 2024

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella remains a significant global health threat. This study aimed to explore the potential of essential oil components as novel inhibitors of the Salmonella MDR efflux pumps AcrAB and AcrD. Salmonella isolates were characterized for serotype, antibiotic resistance, and efflux pump activity. Essential oil components were screened for inhibitory effects using phenotypic and genotypic methods. In silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate binding interactions and stability. Salmonella Typhimurium was the predominant serotype with high MDR rates. Efflux pump activity was prevalent. Cumin and cinnamon oils demonstrated promising inhibitory effects on these pumps. Molecular docking simulations revealed strong binding affinities of analyzed compounds to the AcrAB and AcrD binding pocket. The 2-methyl-1-(p-tolyl)propan-2-ol exhibited higher stability within the AcrAB binding pocket compared to (1S,3R,5R)-1-isopropyl-4-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol within the AcrD binding pocket. Treatment with these oils significantly downregulated efflux pump genes (robA, acrB, mdtB, acrF, acrD, soxS, mdsB, marA). The novel approach of combining in silico and molecular dynamics simulations with precise gene expression analysis provides a valuable framework for future studies aimed at combating MDR Salmonella efflux pumps.
Global Identification of Anti-Melanoma Cellular Targets by Photochemically Induced Coupling of L-Shikonin Reactions on the Surface of Magnetic Particles
Authors: Li Min , Li Wenying , Xu Fang , Pu Yiping , Li Jianguang 
Published: December 2024

Background: L-Shikonin, an active component of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst., has remarkable pharmacological effects, particularly in its anti-tumour activity. Nonetheless, the specific targets and mechanisms of action remain to be further explored. Methods: A novel Fe3O4@L-Shikonin was designed and synthesized in this study by linking Fe3O4 and L-Shikonin through benzophenone. Fe3O4@L-Shikonin was characterized using several techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and drug removal methods, to determine the content of L-Shikonin on the surface of the magnetic particles. Target hooking technology was utilized to identify the target proteins of the compound in melanoma. The synthesized Fe3O4@L-Shikonin was co-incubated with A375 cell lysate, followed by the target proteins, which were purified by magnetic enrichment using magnetic microspheres and identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: AutoDock Vina software was employed for molecular docking analysis, where it was found that L-Shikonin targets RPN1, CPEB4, and HNRNPUL1 proteins. Subsequently, A375 cells were treated with L-Shikonin at different concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 μM) for 48 h, and the expressions of the three proteins were observed. The results showed a significant reduction in the relative expression of CPEB4 in the high-dose group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, the relative expression of HNRNPUL1 was decreased in the medium- and high-dose groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study initially revealed from the source that L-Shikonin may regulate melanoma-specific markers, melanosomes, tyrosine kinases related to abnormal tyrosine metabolism, and melanoma through multiple targets such as CPEB4 and HNRNPUL1. Proliferation and metastasis work together to exert an anti-melanoma mechanism, which provides a new idea for the follow-up study of the molecular pharmacological mechanism of the complex system of total naphthoquinones in Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johns.
“The doctors were more knowledgeable about what I had”: patient views on the value of point-of-care tests for managing respiratory infections in European primary care
Authors: Wanat Marta , Hoste Melanie Eugenie , Anastasaki Marilena , Böhmer Femke , Colliers Annelies , Gkamaletsou Maria , Loeffler Christin , Lionis Christos , Malania Lile , Shah Mala , Wollny Anja , Vellinga Akke , Butler Christopher , van der Velden Alike , Anthierens Sibyl , Tonkin-Crine Sarah 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPoint-of-care tests (POCT) can support diagnosis of patients with community acquired acute respiratory tract infections (CA-RTI) in primary care and thereby reduce uncertainty whether antibiotics may benefit patients. However, successful roll out of POCTs need to be built on a deep understanding of patients’ perspectives on the place of POCTs in patient centred care.AimTo explore patients' perceptions of the value of POCTs during consultations for CA-RTI.Design & settingA qualitative study using semi- structured interviews in Belgium, Ireland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, and UK with patients who consulted for CA-RTI in primary care.MethodInterviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsInterviews with 56 participants revealed that in the process of a GP making a diagnosis and treatment decision, patients valued several components such as a physical examination, their GP enquiring about and listening to concerns, and a POCT. Yet, the visibility and relative importance of each of these components varied in the four main ways in which patients perceived the value of POCTs including i) test as objective evidence compared to “subjective” clinical judgement; ii) test as providing more precision; iii) test as inferior to clinical judgment; iv) test as one of the tools in GP’s toolbox.ImplicationsThe wide variation in patient perceptions about POCT for CA RTI underscores the importance of recognising patient preferences regarding the diagnostic process. This understanding is important to ensure that POCT results optimally influence treatment decision-making, patient satisfaction, and acceptance of their care plan.
Aplikasi Bebegig Sukamantri dengan Punch Needle pada Hanbok Modern
Authors: Ulhaq Nazla Aisy , Suharno Suharno , Marlianti Mira 
Published: November 2024

Penciptaan karya ini didasari oleh pengalaman empirik pengkarya ketika melihat realitas ,bahwa hanbok bukan hanya menjadi pakaian tradisional tetapi telah menjadi ikon busana modern Korea Selatan. Terkait dengan hal ini pengkarya membuat ready to wear deluxe inspirasi hanbok bergaya modern dengan memberi nuansa Indonesia yakni ornamen Bebegig yang dikontruksi dengan teknik punch needle. Selain itu teknik crochet juga diaplikasikan pada karya ini untuk memberi kesan sentuhan tradisional. Bebegig dipilih karena merupakan artefak budaya Sunda yang belum pernah dibuat motif pada hanbok dengan teknik punch needle. Berangkat dari hal tersebut jelaslah tujuan pengkaryaan ini, yakni untuk memperkaya bentuk hanbok dengan nuansa Indonesia agar secara budaya hanbok lebih dikenal lagi di Indonesia dan sebaliknya Bebegig dikenal di Korea Selatan. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, metode penciptaan yang digunakan adalah eksplorasi, perancangan, dan perwujudan. Adapun hasil proses kreatif pengkaryaan ini adalah sembilan look ready to wear deluxe yang disajikan di Indonesia Fashion Week 2024.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Tangkai Daun Strawberry (Fragaria x annanasa) Dengan Metode DPPH
Authors: Ayunda Sarah , Etika Sri Benti 
Published: November 2024

Free radicals are molecules that have one or more unpaired electrons in their outer orbit and are highly reactive. The severe reactions produced by highly reactive free radicals can produce unusual compounds and damage vital body cells. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and test the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Strawberry stem (Fragaria x annanasa). The Strawberry stem samples used came from the Alahan Panjang area, West Sumatra. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using methanol solvent. The results of the maceration were then evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick methanol extract of 13.3037 grams. Methanol thick extract was analyzed for secondary metabolite content by phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity test using DPPH method. Methanol extract of Strawberry petiole contains alkaloids, saponins and phenolics that have antioxidant activity that can counteract the formation of free radicals. The results of antioxidant tests conducted using UV-Vis spectrophotometry on methanol extract of Strawberry petiole showed an IC50 value of 33.4816 ppm with a comparison using vitamin C as a positive control showing an IC50 value of 22.3024 ppm.
O Novo Ensino Médio Noturno: tentativas institucionais de controle da prática pedagógica
Authors: Jahnel Frederich 
Published: November 2024

Este artigo investiga a prática pedagógica no Novo Ensino Médio noturno do Paraná, motivada pela experiência do autor como professor de Matemática no sistema público noturno do estado. O principal objetivo é identificar as possíveis implicações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular na prática pedagógica. Especificamente, busca-se identificar os documentos relacionados ao Novo Ensino Médio e destacar as implicações das normativas na prática pedagógica. A pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada na análise documental. As fontes de dados incluem documentos orientadores dos planos de aula e práticas pedagógicas do Paraná, como normas, resoluções, portarias, deliberações, Referenciais Curriculares e Itinerários Formativos, além das áreas do RCO+Aulas ligadas à prática pedagógica. Os resultados mostram que o ensino médio noturno foi negligenciado no Novo Ensino Médio no Paraná. As particularidades dos estudantes noturnos não foram consideradas nos novos Referenciais Curriculares e Itinerários Formativos. A pesquisa também revela que fatores internos e externos, como trabalho em equipe, colaboração entre professores, avaliação do ensino-aprendizagem, ambiente escolar, estratégias de ensino, jornada de trabalho dos alunos, contexto socioeconômico, infraestrutura, recursos disponíveis, motivação e cansaço dos alunos, além do suporte familiar e comunitário, dificultam a prática pedagógica, especialmente no ensino médio noturno. Para estudos futuros, sugere-se analisar novos documentos publicados pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação do Paraná para verificar se o ensino noturno receberá maior atenção.

Palavras-chave: Prática pedagógica. Ensino Noturno. Ensino Médio. Conflitos e intenções BNCC. Controle.
ПРИЧИНЫ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ СКВАЖИННЫХ НАСОСОВ В СИСТЕМАХ ВОДНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА
Authors: И.Ю. Пурусова 
Published: December 2024

Описаны проблемы использования подземных вод как источника водоснабжения. Основное внимание уделено производительности скважинных насосов в системах водного хозяйства. Показана схема исследуемой действующей водоподъёмной станции первого подъёма, состоящей из линейного ряда скважин, подключённых к сборному водоводу, уложенному в одну нитку. Такая схема является наиболее распространённой в существующей практике организации водозабора из подземных источников. Представлены обобщённые значения удельных дебитов водозаборных скважин с начала их эксплуатации, марки установленных насосов, а также произошедшие изменения с момента ввода в эксплуатацию водоподъёмной станции первого подъёма. На основе фактических характеристик взаимодействующих элементов системы на действующей водоподъёмной станции первого подъёма приведены последствия понижения динамического уровня воды для скважинного насоса. Приведённые исследования показали, что допустимое понижение уровня воды в скважинах необходимо устанавливать таким, чтобы обеспечивалась стабильная работа насосного оборудования, при постоянном дебите. Даны рекомендации для предупреждения снижения дебита скважины.
The article describes the problems of using groundwater as a source of water supply. The main attention is paid to the performance of borehole pumps in water management systems. I show the scheme of the operating water lifting station of the first lift, which is being described here. It consists of a linear series of wells connected to a prefabricated water conduit laid in one line. This scheme is the most common in the existing practice of organizing water intake from underground sources. The paper presents generalized values of specific flow rates of water intake wells from the beginning of their operation, brands of installed pumps, as well as changes that have occurred since the commissioning of the first lift water station. Based on the actual characteristics of the interacting elements of the system at the operating water lifting station of the first lift, I present the consequences of lowering the dynamic water level for the borehole pump. The study has shown that the permissible lowering of the water level in wells must be set in such a way as to ensure stable operation of pumping equipment at a constant flow rate. I also recommend how to prevent a decrease in the flow rate of the well.
ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ, ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РАБОТЫ ВОДОПРОВОДНЫХ СЕТЕЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ КРАЙНЕГО СЕВЕРА
Authors: В.В. Помогаева , Д.С. Голубова 
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются особенности проектирования водопроводной сети в условиях Крайнего Севера, а также современные технологии и подходы, позволяющие эффективно решать задачи водоснабжения в сложных условиях. Целью работы является выполнение гидравлического расчета водопроводной сети, определение возможности возникновения отказов. Основным методом является моделирование режима работы водопроводной сети при разных режимах ее работы, моделирование гидравлического удара в магистральной сети. Объектом исследования является кольцевая водопроводная сеть длиной 4,7 км. На примере водопроводной сети для поселка с числом жителей 4 тыс. человек, рассмотрены и смоделированы режимы работы, выявлены проблемные участки. Предложен вариант увеличения диаметров кольцевой водопроводной сети. Приведены основные параметры для гидравлического расчета и расчетные схемы водопроводной сети. Показана схема участка водопровода при моделировании гидравлического удара в магистральной сети. Определены основные параметры при совместной работе насосов и трубопроводов. Обосновано увеличение диаметров водопроводной сети, что необходимо для соблюдения режима работы в случае возникновения пожара в разных расчетных узлах.
In the article we consider the issues of designing a water supply network in the conditions of the Far North, as well as modern technologies and approaches that make it possible to effectively solve water supply problems in difficult conditions. The purpose of the work is to perform a hydraulic calculation of the water supply network, to determine the possibility of failures in the network. The main method is to simulate the mode of operation of the water supply network under different modes of operation, modeling hydraulic shock in the main network. The object of the study is a ring water supply network with a length of 4.7km. Using the example of a water supply network for a village with a population of 4 thousand people, we considered operating modes and identified problem zones. We propose to increase the diameters of the ring water supply network. We as well give the main parameters for the hydraulic calculation of the water supply network and determine the main parameters for the joint operation of pumps and pipelines. Also, we determined the main parameters for the joint operation of pumps and pipelines. Besides, we justified the increase in the diameters of the water supply network, which is necessary to comply with the operating mode in the event of a fire in different calculation units.
СОЗДАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ КАТЕГОРИРОВАНИЯ УЧАСТКОВ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ШУМА ОТ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В ПРАКТИКЕ ГОРОДСКОГО КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Е.И. Головина , Д.А. Соколов 
Published: December 2024

Представлен анализ ключевых факторов, влияющих на уровень шума и вибрации от железнодорожного транспорта. Предложена система классификации участков, подверженных вибро-акустическому воздействию. Перечислены основные элементы и параметры, учитываемые в классификации: уровень воздействия (сильное, среднее, слабое), длина исследуемого участка, состояние железнодорожного полотна, расположение путей относительно селитебной зоны. Приведено описание методики проведения замеров, результаты которых могут быть использованы в качестве входных данных для создания карты шума. Предложен методологический подход к визуальному представлению уровней шума в определенном географическом местоположении с учетом специфики железнодорожного транспорта.
The article presents analysis of key factors influencing the level of noise and vibration from rail transport. We proposed a classification system for areas subject to vibration and acoustic impact. We list the main elements and parameters taken into account in the classification such as the level of impact (strong, medium, low), the length of the section under study, the condition of the railway track, the location of the tracks relative to the residential area. We describe the measurement methodology, the results of which can be used as input data for creating a noise map. We as well propose a methodological approach to the visual representation of noise levels in a given geographic location, taking into account the specifics of railway transport.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS FERTILIZERS IN CONTROLLING ROOT KNOT NEMATODE INFECTION IN OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus) IN MAKURDI, BENUE STATE
Authors: Olusesan Adepoju Isaiah , Ene Danladi Mary 
Published: November 2024

Root knot nematode infection poses a serious threat to Okra cultivation in Nigeria. A field research was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State to offer valuable insights into combating root-knot nematode infections on okra using different fertilizer types. The experiment was designed using a factorial design with three (3) varieties of okra and two fertilizer treatments at different intervals. The seeds were planted two (2) seeds per hole on a spacing of 50cm after which normal agronomic practices were carried out on nematode infested soil. The results indicate that both SuperGro liquid fertilizer and Geese dung have potential in suppressing root-knot nematode infections on okra. Specifically, the application of Geese dung at either 2 or 4 weeks interval demonstrated a notable reduction in root gall index (RGI), suggesting its effectiveness in mitigating nematode damage. Furthermore, the application of Geese dung led to improved yield, manifested through increased fruit size and quantity. However, it's crucial to note that the application of SuperGro fertilizer at a 4-week interval resulted in a significantly higher Root Gall Index (RGI) compared to other treatments. The research highlights the potential of organic fertilizers like Geese dung as a sustainable and effective means of nematode control in okra cultivation. Nonetheless, future studies are warranted to identify the active ingredients in Geese dung responsible for nematode suppression, which could provide valuable insights for refining treatment protocols and enhancing agricultural practices.