bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmembrane protein 100 is expressed in neurons and glia of dorsal root ganglia and is reduced after painful nerve injury
Authors: Yu Hongwei , Shin Seung Min , Wang Fei , Xu Hao , Xiang Hongfei , Cai Yongsong , Itson-Zoske Brandon , Hogan Quinn H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Tmem100 modulates interactions between TRPA1 and TRPV1. The cell specificity of Tmem100 expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) is not well defined, nor is the effect of peripheral nerve injury on Tmem100 expression.

Objective:
This study was designed to determine the cell specificity of Tmem100 expression in DRG and its subcellular localization, and to examine how Tmem100 expression may be altered in painful conditions.

Methods:
Dorsal root ganglion Tmem100 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and quantitative real-time PCR, and compared between various experimental rat pain models and controls.

Results:
Tmem100 is expressed in both neurons and perineuronal glial cells in the rat DRG. The plasma membrane and intracellular localization of Tmem100 are identified in 83% ± 6% of IB4-positive and 48% ± 6% of calcitonin gene-related peptide–positive neurons, as well as in medium- and large-sized neurons, with its immunopositivity colocalized to TRPV1 (94% ± 5%) and TRPA1 (96% ± 3%). Tmem100 is also detected in the perineuronal satellite glial cells and in some microglia. Tmem100 protein is significantly increased in the lumbar DRGs in the complete Freund adjuvant inflammatory pain. By contrast, peripheral nerve injury by spinal nerve ligation diminishes Tmem100 expression in the injured DRG, with immunoblot and immunohistochemistry experiments showing reduced Tmem100 protein levels in both neurons and satellite glial cells of DRGs proximal to injury, whereas Tmem100 is unchanged in adjacent DRGs. The spared nerve injury model also reduces Tmem100 protein in the injured DRGs.

Conclusion:
Our data demonstrate a pain pathology–dependent alteration of DRG Tmem100 protein expression, upregulated during CFA inflammatory pain but downregulated during neuropathic pain.
Treatment of Keloid Scars with Botulinum Toxin Type A versus Triamcinolone in an Athymic Nude Mouse Model
Authors: Fanous Amanda , Bezdjian Aren , Caglar Derin , Mlynarek Aleksander , Fanous Nabil , Lenhart Stephanie Fay , Daniel Sam J. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Keloid scarring is a serious condition that mostly affects patients of African or Asian descent. Often disfiguring, this condition can have devastating psychosocial consequences. To date, no treatment modality has been proven ideal. The authors’ objectives were (1) to determine the efficacy of botulin toxin type A injection for the treatment of keloid scars compared to steroid injection and to control saline injection (this was achieved through a basic science animal model using athymic nude mice and implanted human keloid tissue); and (2) to analyze the histopathologic changes that occur in an organized keloid scar following botulinum toxin type A injection as compared to steroid and saline injections.

Methods:
Keloid scars from four patients were excised and implanted subcutaneously into 28 mice. Three small keloid tissue samples were implanted in each of the 28 mice. One week after implantation, each implant received one of three injections: botulinum toxin type A (treatment drug), saline (control), or steroid injection (first-line gold standard). The keloid tissue was extracted 3 weeks after implantation. Weight analysis, immunohistochemistry, and standard hematoxylin and eosin pathologic analysis were performed on each extracted tissue sample.

Results:
Paired t test analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment tissue weights revealed a statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p < 0.05). Analysis by a blinded pathologist confirmed fewer collagen bundles in the treatment group. Immunohistochemistry with Ki-67, a marker of cell proliferation, revealed significantly less staining in the treatment groups.

Conclusion:
Botulinum toxin type A could be an effective treatment for keloid scars.
Vascular and Nerve Relations of the Marginal Mandibular Nerve of the Face: Anatomy and Clinical Relevance
Authors: Touré Gaoussou , Tran de Fremicourt Minh–Kim , Randriamanantena Tahiry , Vlavonou Sandrine , Priano Virginia , Vacher Christian 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The marginal mandibular nerve of the facial nerve is frequently injured during corrective and cosmetic surgery. Recent or emerging techniques such as the injection of filler materials, botulinum toxin, allotransplantation of composite tissues of the face, placement of chin implants, and submental cryolipolysis require in-depth knowledge of this nerve. The studies to date are not in agreement regarding the number of branches of the marginal mandibular nerve and its relationship with the vasculature and other nerves.

Methods:
This study involved 62 half-heads from cadavers.

Results:
In 22.6 percent of the cases, the marginal mandibular nerve of the facial nerve was a single branched entity and lateral to the pedicle, with respect to the facial artery and the facial vein. In 16 cases (29 percent), the marginal mandibular nerve had two branches. In 12.9 percent of the cases, the marginal mandibular nerve gave rise to three branches. In 17 cases (35.48 percent), the marginal mandibular nerve gave rise to between four and more than 10 branches, thereby forming a plexus at its end. Analysis of this collection of cases revealed that the marginal mandibular nerve was more consistently lateral to the facial vein than to the facial artery. The marginal mandibular nerve exhibited connections with other branches of the facial nerve and branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Conclusions:
The facial vein had a more consistent relationship with the marginal mandibular nerve than the facial artery. This study provides the anatomical bases of substitution, proprioception, and clinical variations in injuries of the marginal mandibular nerve and in their prognosis.
A Novel Noninvasive Patient-Specific Navigation Method for Orbital Reconstructive Surgery: A Phantom Study Using Patient Data
Authors: Lee Jeonghwan , Mekuria Kinde , Son Tae-geun , Jeong Woo Shik , Choi Jong Woo , Kim Youngjun 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The correction of orbital deformities is an ongoing challenge in maxillofacial surgery. Computer-assisted navigation can improve surgical outcomes. However, conventional registration methods for navigation are not appropriate for orbital reconstructive surgery. This study proposes an accurate, noninvasive, patient-specific navigation method and demonstrates its feasibility.

Methods:
A noninvasive, patient-specific registration frame based on the external auditory canals and upper front teeth was designed using software developed in-house. A three-dimensional craniofacial model was segmented from patient computed tomographic data for the registration frame. A customized craniofacial phantom was also made using this three-dimensional model, with 20 embedded target points on the orbital model and 21 landmark points on the reference standard model. The proposed method was compared with two conventional registration methods: the dental splint–based method and the invasive marker frame–based method. Twenty trials were conducted for evaluation. Target registration error and surface registration error were computed to measure accuracy.

Results:
The proposed method showed a target registration error of 1.05 ± 0.52 mm, with greater accuracy than conventional methods (dental splint, 2.10 ± 0.63 mm; invasive marker frame, 1.22 ± 0.46 mm). The proposed method yielded the best results for surface registration error, with 0.38 mm of deviation (dental splint, 0.82 mm; invasive marker frame, 0.60 mm).

Conclusion:
The proposed noninvasive patient-specific registration method demonstrated superior results for both target registration error and surface registration error compared with other conventional registration methods for computer-assisted navigation in orbital reconstructive surgery.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, V.
Nonsyndromic Unilateral Coronal Synostosis: A Comparison of Fronto-Orbital Advancement and Endoscopic Suturectomy
Authors: Isaac Kathryn V. , MacKinnon Sarah , Dagi Linda R. , Rogers Gary F. , Meara John G. , Proctor Mark R. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Comparative effectiveness research is needed to optimize treatment of unilateral coronal synostosis. This study compares perioperative morbidity, ophthalmic, and aesthetic outcomes of patients with nonsyndromic unilateral coronal synostosis treated by endoscopic suturectomy or fronto-orbital advancement.

Methods:
From 2004 to 2015, patients with unilateral coronal synostosis were reviewed and data recorded for operative details, reoperations, and aesthetic results using the Whitaker classification, severity of strabismus, and need for surgical correction. Categorical data were analyzed using the Fisher’s exact test and continuous data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results:
Ninety-four patients were treated with endoscopic suturectomy (n = 60) or fronto-orbital advancement (n = 34). Median age at follow-up was 3.5 years (range, 1 to 9 years) for endoscopic suturectomy and 5.0 years (range, 2 to 11 years) for fronto-orbital advancement (p = 0.06). The endoscopic suturectomy group had a lower operative time (42 minutes versus 216 minutes), length of stay (1 day versus 4 days), blood loss (25 cc versus 260 cc), and transfusion rate (0 percent versus 88 percent). Two patients treated with fronto-orbital advancement required secondary intervention for intracranial pressure. Thirty-one percent (16 of 52) of the endoscopic suturectomy group and 65 percent (19 of 29) of the fronto-orbital advancement group developed clinically significant strabismus requiring surgical repair (p = 0.002). In the endoscopic suturectomy group, 88 percent (50 of 57) were Whitaker class I and 5 percent were class II. In the fronto-orbital advancement group, 41 percent (14 of 34) were class I and 44 percent class II. Need for bony revision (two of 57 versus three of 34) and need for secondary cranial procedure (two of 57 versus two of 34) were similar following endoscopic suturectomy and fronto-orbital advancement.

Conclusions:
For treatment of unilateral coronal synostosis, endoscopic suturectomy is associated with lower morbidity and comparable aesthetics. Patients treated with endoscopic suturectomy are half as likely to require strabismus surgery compared with those treated with fronto-orbital advancement.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
The Association Between Organizational Culture and the Ability to Benefit From “Just Culture” Training
Authors: David Donald Scott 
Published: December 2018

Objective
This study aimed to determine whether there was an association between the organizational culture and the hospital's readiness to benefit from “Just Culture” training.

Methods
The “Just Culture” Assessment Tool and the Competing Values Framework surveys were administered before and 6 weeks after a structured “Just Culture” training session to 172 care providers and administrators on similar units at two community for-profit hospitals of compatible size and offering comparable services in suburban communities. Data were analyzed for significance using IBM SPSS software.

Results
At baseline, there was a significantly higher percentage of problematic responses (PPRs) for hospital 1 as compared with hospital 2. Administrators and managers reported significantly fewer PPRs than frontline staff. In addition, the archetypal organizational culture for hospital 1 was found to be more hierarchical, whereas the culture for hospital 2 was found to be more group oriented. Six weeks after the completion of “Just Culture” training, there was a 0.02% overall reduction in PPRs at hospital 1 as compared with a 62.01% overall reduction in PPRs at hospital 2. There was also a significant increase in the Group Culture Score, a significant decrease in both the Hierarchical Culture and Rational Culture scores for hospital 2 as compared with hospital 1.

Conclusions
There was a significantly greater reduction in PPR on the “Just Culture” Assessment Tool in the hospital with the more group-oriented organizational culture. Given the cost and effort required to conduct “Just Culture” training in an organization, it seems to be important to address the organizational culture before the implementation of this type of training.
Medication Adherence in Chinese Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Du Xian , Chen Haoyang , Zhuang Yuan , Zhao Qian , Shen Biyu 
Published: December 2018

Objective
Medication adherence plays an important role in improving symptoms and ameliorating the progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The purpose of this study was to examine the medication adherence rate and explore the related factors for nonadherence in Chinese SLE patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between January 2017 and February 2018 was conducted. Patients with SLE completed the Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology to evaluate adherence, the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) for disease activity, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess anxiety and depression. χ2 Analyses, independent samples t tests, and logistic regression models were used to analyze data.

Results
This study included 144 SLE patients, and we found that 43.1% (n = 62) of the patients were nonadherence. Education, SLEDAI, anxiety, and depression were correlated with adherence in SLE patients. Moreover, logistic regression models identified education, SLEDAI, and depression as important associated factors of nonadherence.

Conclusions
This is the first time to evaluate demographic, clinical, and psychological related factors for medication adherence in Chinese SLE patients using SLEDAI and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Our study showed that 56.9% of SLE patients were not adherent, and education, SLEDAI, and depression were significantly related to medication adherence in SLE. These findings suggested that it was necessary to pay more attention to medication adherence of SLE patients, especially those with lower level of education, higher score of SLEDAI, and depression by effective intervention to improve SLE patients' adherence, so as to improve their quality of life.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: A Novel Strategy in Trauma and Sepsis
Authors: Williams Aaron M. , Dennahy Isabel S. , Bhatti Umar F. , Biesterveld Ben E. , Graham Nathan J. , Li Yongqing , Alam Hasan B. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups in the United States. Hemorrhagic shock and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are major causes of preventable death in trauma. Initial treatment involves fluid resuscitation to improve the intravascular volume. Although crystalloids may provide volume expansion, they do not have any pro-survival properties. Furthermore, aggressive fluid resuscitation can provoke a severe inflammatory response and worsen clinical outcomes. Due to logistical constraints, however, definitive resuscitation with blood products is often not feasible in the prehospital setting—highlighting the importance of adjunctive therapies. In recent years, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have shown promise as pharmacologic agents for use in both trauma and sepsis. In this review, we discuss the role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and pharmacologic agents that inhibit them (HDACis). We also highlight the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of HDACis in hemorrhagic shock, TBI, polytrauma, and sepsis. With further investigation and translation, HDACis have the potential to be a high-impact adjunctive therapy to traditional resuscitation.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α Promotes Inflammation and Injury Following Aspiration-Induced Lung Injury in Mice
Authors: Suresh Madathilparambil V. , Balijepalli Sanjay , Zhang Boya , Singh Vikas Vikram , Swamy Samantha , Panicker Sreehari , Dolgachev Vladislov A. , Subramanian Chitra , Ramakrishnan Sadeesh K. , Thomas Bivin , Rao Tejeshwar C. , Delano Matthew J. , Machado-Aranda David , Shah Yatrik M. , Raghavendran Krishnan 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Acid aspiration-induced lung injury is a common disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a major transcription factor responsible for regulating the cellular response to changes in oxygen tension. A clear understanding of the function of HIF-1α in lung inflammatory response is currently lacking. Here, we sought to determine the role of HIF-1α in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) in the generation of the acute inflammatory response following gastric aspiration (GA). GA led to profound hypoxia at very early time points following GA. This correlated to a robust increase in HIF-1α, tissue albumin and pro-inflammatory mediators following GA in AECs. The extent of lung injury and the release of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced in HIF-1α (−/−) mice. Finally, we report that HIF-1α upregulation of the acute inflammatory response is dependent on NF-κB following GA.
Does Fenoldopam Protect Kidney in Cardiac Surgery? A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Sun Haibing , Xie Qin , Peng Zhiyong 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To assess the benefits and harms of fenoldopam for nephroprotective effects in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing fenoldopam with placebo in cardiac surgery. Trials were systematically searched from PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CNKI databases, up to July 30, 2018. A trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to determine whether the present evidence was valid and conclusive for the primary outcomes.

Results:
A total of seven randomized controlled trials involving 1,107 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis suggested that the use of fenoldopam was associated with a reduction in the incidence of AKI (18 of 216 [8.3%] in the fenoldopam group versus 45 of 222 [20.3%] in the placebo group, RR = 0.42 [0.26, 0.69], P = 0.0006) and with a higher rate of hypotension (92/357 [25.8%] versus 51/348 [14.7%], RR = 1.76 [1.29, 2.39], P = 0.0003). There was no significant effect on renal replacement therapy requirement (77 of 540 [14.3%] versus 75 of 536 [14.0%], P = 0.96) or hospital mortality (87/392 [22.2%] versus 83/383 [21.7%], P = 0.86). TSA supported the results of the conventional analysis on AKI.

Conclusions:
Low-dose dopamine offers transient improvements in renal physiology, but no good evidence shows that it offers important clinical benefits to patients with or at risk for acute renal failure.
Among patients treated with fenoldopam, there was a decrease in AKI and an increased incidence of hypotension, had no significant effect on RRT or mortality. Given that most studies were small and the definition of AKI was variable between studies, there is not enough evidence to support the systematic use of fenoldopam in cardiac surgery.
Virtual Reality Simulation in Nontechnical Skills Training for Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Bracq Marie-Stéphanie , Michinov Estelle , Jannin Pierre 
Published: December 2018

Summary Statement
This systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, is aimed to review current research in virtual reality (VR) for healthcare training, specifically pertaining to nontechnical skills. PsycInfo and Medline databases were queried for relevant articles published through December 2017. Of the 1377 publications identified, 80 were assessed for eligibility and 26 were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. Overall, the use of virtual training for nontechnical skills is recent in healthcare education and has increased since 2010. Screen-based VR simulators or virtual worlds are the most frequently used systems. The nontechnical skills addressed in VR simulation include mainly teamwork, communication, and situation awareness. Most studies evaluate the usability and acceptability of VR simulation, and few studies have measured the effects of VR simulation on nontechnical skills development.
The Impact of Phone Interruptions on the Quality of Simulated Medication Order Validation Using Eye Tracking
Authors: Thibault Maxime , Porteils Céline , Goulois Stéphanie , Lévy Arielle , Lebel Denis , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: December 2018

Introduction
Order validation is an important component of pharmacy services, where pharmacists review orders with a focus on error prevention. Interruptions are frequent and may contribute to a reduction in error detection, thus potential medication errors. However, studying such errors in practice is difficult. Simulation has potential to study these events.

Methods
This was a pilot, simulation study. The primary objective was to determine the rate of medication error detection and the effect of interruptions on error detection during simulated validation. Secondary objectives included determining time to complete each prescription page. The scenario consisted of validating three handwritten medication order pages containing 12 orders and 17 errors, interrupted by three phone calls timed during one order for each page. Participants were categorized in groups: seniors and juniors (including residents). Simulation sessions were videotaped and eye tracking was used to assist in analysis.

Results
Eight senior and five junior pharmacists were included in the analysis. There was a significant association between interruption and error detection (odds ratio = 0.149, 95% confidence interval = 0.042–0.525, P = 0.005). This association did not vary significantly between groups (P = 0.832). Juniors took more time to validate the first page (10 minutes 56 seconds vs. 6 minutes 42 seconds) but detected more errors (95% vs. 69%). However, all major errors were detected by all participants.

Conclusions
We observed an association between phone interruptions and a decrease in error detection during simulated validation. Simulation provides an opportunity to study order validation by pharmacists and may be a valuable teaching tool for pharmacists and pharmacy residents learning order validation.