bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEKANISME PENGELOLAAN DANA TABARRU’ ASURANSI SYARIAH PRUDENTIAL LIFE ASSURANCE
Authors: Kambali Muhammad 
Published: May 2018

Sharia Insurance according to a binding ruling in religious matters (fatwa) of the National Shari'ah Board of the Indonesian Ulama Council no: 21 /DSN-MUI/ X / 2001 is a mutual effort to help among a number of people/parties through investment in assets or tabarru' which provides a pattern of return to face certain risks through engagement in accordance with the sharia. PRUlink sharia is an insurance product associated with sharia-based investment. PRUlink Syariah is designed to meet the society's need for future financial designs in accordance with Islamic principles of sharia. There are two types of product of PRUlink Syariah insurance, namely PRUlink Syariah Investor Account and PRUlink Syariah Assurance Account. Kind of Product in PRUlink Syariah is contract between policy holders using contract of tabarru which is called hibah and the owner of the policy/participant premises sharia insurance company using contract of tijarah called wakalah bin ujrah. In sharia insurance there is a surplus sharing that will be distributed to customers calculated at the end of the calendar year. This can be obtained if there are more funds than tabarru' accounts that have been reduced by claims and debt to the company if any. How is PRUlinksyariah managed in Prudential? The result of the research shows that PRUsyariah premium management in Prudential is separated by two accounts, namely tabarru' account and investment account. The own fund is managed by Eastpring Investment, that is manager company from Asia prudential, while allocation of fund is invested in stocks and obligation which is in accordance with sharia principles contained in the Jakarta Stock Exchange. For the choice of investment in PRUsariah, there are three options of investment, namely Sharia-Rupiah Equity Fund, Sharia-Rupiah Managed Fund or Sharia-Rupiah fixed Income fund, in accordance with the choice of the next participant. From the investment result the participant agrees to pay tabarru’ contribution directly input into tabarru' account. Tabarru’ funds are fully owned by participants and used to pay claims participants claim at any time, but if there is tabaaru’ funds excess with claims total in one year as of 31 December paid, then tabarru’ surplus or that is called surplus will be distributed participants that meet the requirements to get the surplus.
Masjid Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima; Arsitektur, Misi Agama dan Kekuasaan
Authors: Kartini Retno 
Published: May 2018

The article discusses the history of Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Mosque in Bima, and it was written as an effort to preserve the cultural heritage of the Indonesian heritage, especially related to the historic mosque and its role in the development of Islam in the region of Bima, West Nusa Tenggara. This descriptive study focuses on writing about the history of the mosque's founding, its architecture and its historic objects inside the mosque, as well as the function of the mosque from time to time. The results were extracted from various sources, starting with interviews with key informants, document studies, and observations. This historic mosque was originally built by Sultan Abdul Kadim in 1737 AD, then continued by his successor, Sultan Abdul Hamid until it was completed in 1780 AD. This palace mosque is a symbol of the religiosity of the community of Bima and serves as a center of Islamic religious mission in his time. The mosque that was destroyed by an allied bomb in 1948 was then rebuilt from its original form and was named as Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Mosque. Artikel hasil penelitian terhadap Masjid Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima ditulis sebagai salah satu upaya untuk melestarikan warisan budaya Bangsa Indonesia, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan masjid bersejarah dan perannya dalam perkembangan Islam di wilayah Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian diskriptif ini berfokus pada penulisan seputar sejarah pendirian masjid, arsitektur dan benda-benda bersejarah yang ada di dalamnya, serta fungsi masjid dari masa ke masa. Hasil penelitian digali dari berbagai sumber, dimulai dengan wawancara dengan informan kunci, studi dokumen, dan observasi. Masjid bersejarah ini awalnya dibangun oleh Sultan Abdul Kadim pada pada tanggal tahun 1737 M, kemudian dilanjutkan penerusnya, Sultan Abdul Hamid sampai selesai pada tahun 1780 M. Masjid istana ini merupakan simbol religiu­sitas masyarakat Bima dan berfungsi sebagai pusat penyiaran agama Islam di masanya. Masjid yang pernah hancur terkena bom tentara sekutu pada tahun 1948 kemudian dibangun kembali sesuai bentuk aslinya dan dinamai sebagai Masjid Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin.Kata kunci: Masjid bersejarah; Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin; Bima
Tradisi Penulisan Tafsir Al-Qur’an Bahasa Jawa Cacarakan: Studi Atas Kur’an Jawen Muhammadiyah dan Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi
Authors: Kiptiyah Siti Mariatul 
Published: May 2018

The article discusses the writing of Qur’anic commentary in Javanese language or Cacarakan, especially in the Kur’an Jawen Muhammadiyah and Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi. My focus is to explore the writing tradition of Qur’anic commentaries and interpretative context of the books. Considering both were published in 1927 and 1928, this study seeks to explain how the tradition of writing of the Qur’anic commentary in Java, especially in the era of colonialism before the event of Sumpah Pemuda in 1928. In my analysis, Kur’an Jawen Muhamma­diyah and Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi although written in the same language that is aksara cacarakan, they have different issues. The interpretation about jihad in Kur’an Jawen Muhammadiyah was a response to the Christian missionary activity and the tafsir was raising the issue of harmony among religious people. On the other hand, Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi discusses more about how to make solidarity in Muslim society.Keyword: cacarakan, Qur’anic commentary, Javanese, Muslim solidarity Artikel ini membahas tentang penulisan tafsir Al-Qur’an bahasa Jawa Cacarakan, utamanya pada Kur’an Jawen Muhammadiyah dan Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi. Fokus saya adalah mengeksplorasi tradisi penulisan dan konteks penafsiran kedua kitab tafsir tersebut. Mengingat keduanya terbit pada tahun 1927 dan 1928, studi ini penting untuk melihat bagaimana geliat penulisan tafsir Al-Qur’an di Jawa, khususnya pada era kolonialisme menjelang diikrarkannya Sumpah Pemuda tahun 1928. Dari pembacaan saya, meski Kur’an Jawen Muhamma­­diyah dan Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi ditulis dengan bahasa yang sama, keduanya memiliki pola penulisan yang berbeda dan menyasar konteks penafsiran yang berbeda pula. Kur’an Jawen Muhammadiyah (1927) secara penulisan berbentuk terjemah tafsiriyah dan merespon massifnya gerakan zending atau kristenisasi oleh pemerintah kolonial, dengan memberi penekanan pada dakwah secara damai untuk mencapai kerukunan antar umat beragama. Sedangkan Tafsir Kur’an Jawen Pandam lan Pandoming Dumadi (1928) secara penulisan menggunakan pola kitab tafsir sesuai dengan namanya, ia lebih banyak menyinggung perdebatan seputar furu’iyah dan menekankan pada kerukunan internal umat Islam.Kata kunci: cacarakan, tafsir Al-Qur’an, Bahasa Jawa, solidaritas Muslim
American Independent Cinema
Authors: Backman Rogers Anna 
Published: May 2018

Anna Backman Rogers argues that American independent cinema is a cinema not merely in crisis, but also of crisis. As a cinema which often explores the rite of passage by explicitly drawing on American cinematic heritage, from the teen movie to the western, American independent films deal in images of crisis, transition and metamorphosis, offering a subversive engagement with more traditional modes of representation. Examining films by Gus Van Sant, Jim Jarmusch and Sofia Coppola, this study sets forth that American indie films offer the viewer an ‘art experience’ within the confines of commercial, narrative cinema by engaging with cinematic time (as a mode of philosophical thought) and foregrounding the inherent ‘crisis’ of the cinematic image (as the mode of being as change). The subject of this book is how certain American independent films appropriate ritual as a kind of power of the false in order to throw into crisis images – such as the cliché – that pertain to truth via collective comprehension. In his study of genre, Steve Neale (2000) has outlined how certain images and sound tracks can function ritualistically and ideologically; cinema, according to Neale, both creates a horizon of expectations for an audience and also draws upon existing stratifications and categories in order to shore up established identities and modes of thought.
The Arab Spring changes under the prism of international relations theory
Authors: Bustos Rafael 
Published: May 2018

This chapter analyses what the political transformations following the Arab Spring mean from the perspective of different International Relations theories: neo-realism, institutionalism, social constructivism and critical theories.
The chapter first points to the direct effects of foreign policy intervention in transitions to democracy worldwide, including the MENA region, notwithstanding the traditional support some non-democratic or aggressive regimes have received from consolidated democracies.
Second, the chapter reviews the work of a number of prestigious International Relations’ scholars on the Arab Spring and reviews how leading International Relations journals of different theoretical leaning have treated the Arab Spring in the period 2011-15. The chapter illustrates how similar topics are treated in each theory in rather inverted ways. While neo-realists do not focus on the Arab Spring itself but rather on the possible threats that derive from it and their consequences, critical theorists reverse the analysis and locate it in the economic causes and implications of armed interventions as well as the excessive processes of vigilance and control. If liberals engage in a debate on the defence of the R2P doctrine, constructivists are more aware of the contradictory effects of democratic diffusion and cognitive uncertainty.
Finally, the chapter concludes on the prospects and need within International Relations for further theoretical development on the Arab Spring.
‘Remedies for Life’: Curing Hysterica Passio in Shakespeare’s Othello, Macbeth and The Winter’s Tale
Authors: Lejri Sélima 
Published: May 2018

Sélima Lejri is similarly interested in the coexistence of long-established folklore beliefs in demonism and witchcraft and the emerging scientific etiologies propounded by the physicians of the time. Lejri shows that it is thanks to Edward Jorden’s A Briefe Discourse of A Disease Called the Suffocation of the Mother (1603) that the interpretations of demonic vexation started to give way to the rational alternative of hysteria. It was then that Shakespeare’s interest in the medical theories of physiology, mainly humorism, became palpable. This testifies to the considerable influence of Timothy Bright’s or Edward Jorden’s ideas. Within this context of early modern scientific ‘revolution’ that ushered in the end of witch-hunting and gave large credit to reason over superstition, Shakespeare’s representation of the female body in his Jacobean plays bears the contemporary stamp of his new sources of information. It is Shakespeare’s response to such contemporary scientific theories that Lejri’s chapter aims at tackling through the particular example of Hysterica Passio, a feminine disease much discussed at the time and explicitly referenced in King Lear.
Données bio-écologiques sur deux espèces jumelles sympatriques en milieux agricoles : Oulema melanopus (L.) et Oulema duftschmidi (Redtenbacher) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Chapelin-Viscardi Jean-David , Maillet-mézeray Julie 
Published: May 2018

Bio-ecological data on two sympatric sibling species in arable crops : Oulema melanopus (L.) and O. duftschmidi (Redtenbacher) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).
A trapping campaign, using Malaise and cornet traps, was carried out in arable crops in the Beauce area (District of Erceville, Department of Loiret) and in the Gâtinais area (District of Boigneville and Maisse, Department of Essonne). It permits to identify two sympatric sibling species of Leaf beetles : Oulema melanopus and O. duftschmidi. Both species represent a potential pest in cereal fields. 4,309 individuals were collected and studied. The results show that there are more females than males (sex ratio of 0.63) catched with interception traps. Among males, 67.7 % belong to O. duftschmidi and 32.3 % belong to O. melanopus. Furthermore, regular captures indicate that the two species have a completely similar flight activity between the end of April and mid-October.
Interception de Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795) (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Monochamini) en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Mille Christian , Cazeres Sylvie , Sudre Jérôme 
Published: May 2018

Interception of Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795) (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Monochamini) in New Caledonia.
A dead specimen of Monochamus galloprovincialis was found at the opening of a parcel imported from the South of France. The dangers of such an introduction are recalled regarding the status of New Caledonia as a biodiversity hotspot and the Pinus caribaea plantations. The main threat brought by this insect is its vector status of the Nematode Wood Pine Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which has already established some populations outside its region of origin.
Recovery Schemes for Primitive Variables in General-relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Siegel Daniel M. , Mösta Philipp , Desai Dhruv , Wu Samantha 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
General-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations are an important tool to study a variety of astrophysical systems such as neutron star mergers, core-collapse supernovae, and accretion onto compact objects. A conservative GRMHD scheme numerically evolves a set of conservation equations for “conserved” quantities and requires the computation of certain primitive variables at every time step. This recovery procedure constitutes a core part of any conservative GRMHD scheme and it is closely tied to the equation of state (EOS) of the fluid. In the quest to include nuclear physics, weak interactions, and neutrino physics, state-of-the-art GRMHD simulations employ finite-temperature, composition-dependent EOSs. While different schemes have individually been proposed, the recovery problem still remains a major source of error, failure, and inefficiency in GRMHD simulations with advanced microphysics. The strengths and weaknesses of the different schemes when compared to each other remain unclear. Here we present the first systematic comparison of various recovery schemes used in different dynamical spacetime GRMHD codes for both analytic and tabulated microphysical EOSs. We assess the schemes in terms of (i) speed, (ii) accuracy, and (iii) robustness. We find large variations among the different schemes and that there is not a single ideal scheme. While the computationally most efficient schemes are less robust, the most robust schemes are computationally less efficient. More robust schemes may require an order of magnitude more calls to the EOS, which are computationally expensive. We propose an optimal strategy of an efficient three-dimensional Newton–Raphson scheme and a slower but more robust one-dimensional scheme as a fall-back.
Detection of Intrinsic Source Structure at ∼3 Schwarzschild Radii with Millimeter-VLBI Observations of SAGITTARIUS A*
Authors: Lu Ru-Sen , Krichbaum Thomas P. , Roy Alan L. , Fish Vincent L. , Doeleman Sheperd S. , Johnson Michael D. , Akiyama Kazunori , Psaltis Dimitrios , Alef Walter , Asada Keiichi , Beaudoin Christopher , Bertarini Alessandra , Blackburn Lindy , Blundell Ray , Bower Geoffrey C. , Brinkerink Christiaan , Broderick Avery E. , Cappallo Roger , Crew Geoffrey B. , Dexter Jason , Dexter Matt , Falcke Heino , Freund Robert , Friberg Per , Greer Christopher H. , Gurwell Mark A. , Ho Paul T. P. , Honma Mareki , Inoue Makoto , Kim Junhan , Lamb James , Lindqvist Michael , Macmahon David , Marrone Daniel P. , Martí-Vidal Ivan , Menten Karl M. , Moran James M. , Nagar Neil M. , Plambeck Richard L. , Primiani Rurik A. , Rogers Alan E. E. , Ros Eduardo , Rottmann Helge , SooHoo Jason , Spilker Justin , Stone Jordan , Strittmatter Peter , Tilanus Remo P. J. , Titus Michael , Vertatschitsch Laura , Wagner Jan , Weintroub Jonathan , Wright Melvyn , Young Ken H. , Zensus J. Anton , Ziurys Lucy M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We report results from very long baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of the supermassive black hole in the Galactic center, Sgr A*, at 1.3 mm (230 GHz). The observations were performed in 2013 March using six VLBI stations in Hawaii, California, Arizona, and Chile. Compared to earlier observations, the addition of the APEX telescope in Chile almost doubles the longest baseline length in the array, provides additional uv coverage in the N–S direction, and leads to a spatial resolution of ∼30 μas (∼3 Schwarzschild radii) for Sgr A*. The source is detected even at the longest baselines with visibility amplitudes of ∼4%–13% of the total flux density. We argue that such flux densities cannot result from interstellar refractive scattering alone, but indicate the presence of compact intrinsic source structure on scales of ∼3 Schwarzschild radii. The measured nonzero closure phases rule out point-symmetric emission. We discuss our results in the context of simple geometric models that capture the basic characteristics and brightness distributions of disk- and jet-dominated models and show that both can reproduce the observed data. Common to these models are the brightness asymmetry, the orientation, and characteristic sizes, which are comparable to the expected size of the black hole shadow. Future 1.3 mm VLBI observations with an expanded array and better sensitivity will allow more detailed imaging of the horizon-scale structure and bear the potential for a deep insight into the physical processes at the black hole boundary.
Delayed Shock-induced Dust Formation in the Dense Circumstellar Shell Surrounding the Type IIn Supernova SN 2010jl
Authors: Sarangi Arkaprabha , Dwek Eli , Arendt Richard G. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The light curves of Type IIn supernovae are dominated by the radiative energy released through the interaction of the supernova shock waves with their dense circumstellar medium (CSM). The ultraluminous Type IIn supernova SN 2010jl exhibits an infrared emission component that is in excess of the extrapolated UV–optical spectrum as early as few weeks postexplosion. This emission has been considered by some as evidence for the rapid formation of dust in the cooling postshock CSM. We investigate the physical processes that may inhibit or facilitate the formation of dust in the CSM. When only radiative cooling is considered, the temperature of the dense shocked gas rapidly drops below the dust condensation temperature. However, by accounting for the heating of the postshock gas by the downstream radiation from the shock, we show that dust formation is inhibited until the radiation from the shock weakens as it propagates into the less dense outer regions of the CSM. In SN 2010jl, dust formation can therefore only commence after day ∼380. Only the IR emission since that epoch can be attributed to the newly formed CSM dust. Observations on day 460 and later show that the IR luminosity exceeds the UV–optical luminosity. The postshock dust cannot extinct the radiation emitted by the expanding SN shock. Therefore, its IR emission must be powered by an interior source, which we identify as the reverse shock propagating through the SN ejecta. IR emission before day 380 must therefore be an IR echo from preexisting CSM dust.
Anisotropic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Driven by Parametric Decay Instability: The Onset of Phase Mixing and Alfvén Wave Turbulence
Authors: Shoda Munehito , Yokoyama Takaaki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We conduct a 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the parametric decay instability of Alfvén waves and resultant compressible MHD turbulence, which is likely to develop in the solar wind acceleration region. Because of the presence of the mean magnetic field, the nonlinear stage is characterized by filament-like structuring and anisotropic cascading. By calculating the timescales of phase mixing and the evolution of Alfvén wave turbulence, we have found that the early nonlinear stage is dominated by phase mixing, while the later phase is dominated by imbalanced Alfvén wave turbulence. Our results indicate that the regions in the solar atmosphere with large density fluctuation, such as the coronal bottom and wind acceleration region, are heated by phase-mixed Alfvén waves, while the other regions are heated by Alfvén wave turbulence.
Richard de Saint-Victor : Quomodo Christus ponitur in signum populorum
Authors: Bužek Radomír 
Published: May 2018

Cet article présente une édition critique moderne – préparée d’après les deux manuscrits conservés – du Quomodo Christus ponitur in signum populorum de Richard de Saint-Victor († 1173). Bien qu’il s’agisse d’un écrit ou, plus exactement, d’un sermon, très bref, basé sur le verset d’Is 11,10, son importance dans l’œuvre de Richard est considérable. Du point de vue historique, il est à mettre en relation avec la querelle autour de l’interprétation des prophéties d’Isaïe, dont le De Emmanuele du même Richard est un témoin remarquable. L’édition est précédée par une étude introductive, où sont examinés les aspects littéraires et théologiques du sermon, ainsi que la tradition manuscrite et imprimée.
La Practica fratris du ms. Munich, Clm 267 : une lecture d’Avicenne par un religieux au xiii e siècle ?
Authors: Moulinier-Brogi Laurence 
Published: May 2018

Le ms. Clm 267 de la Bayerische Staatsbibliothek de Munich, qui date du xiv e siècle, renferme entre autres un traité inédit intitulé Practica fratris , originaire de Vénétie et dénotant une étonnante connaissance des autorités médicales de son temps. Reflète-t-il pour autant la pratique et la culture médicale d’un religieux italien à la fin du xiii e siècle ? C’est ce que cet article examine, en présentant ce texte et son contexte, et en émettant des hypothèses sur son origine, son auteur et l’étendue de sa culture médicale ; il en donne ensuite une édition.
Le concept d’« ambiance » à l’épreuve de la vie ordinaire
Authors: Chauvier Éric 
Published: May 2018

Résumé Nous considérons une approche pragmatique de la science afin de comprendre l’« ambiance » comme un mot et non comme une réalité présupposée ou déjà-là. Ce mot peut ensuite être considéré par sa capacité à classer le réel donné à la conscience, ce qui revient à tester la valeur classificatoire de la catégorie « ambiance » dans la vie ordinaire. Apparaissent la relativité d’un concept urbano- et occidentalo-centré, mais aussi, in fine , les ressources heuristiques d’un programme de recherche axé sur le « cassage » des ambiances.
Les ambiances de la mort
Authors: Boukir Kamel 
Published: May 2018

Résumé Lorsque les sciences sociales étudient la vengeance chez les « mecs de cité », elles l’envisagent tantôt comme un système vindicatoire tantôt comme un code d’honneur, oblitérant ce faisant ce que le sentiment vindicatif et haineux doit aux prises d’une situation. Or, avant de relever d’un commandement, la vengeance est un effroi sensoriel. Une approche phénoménologique de la vengeance permet de saisir ce que l’obligation morale doit à l’emprise d’ambiances qui sont au fondement d’une tonalité affective et éthique. Cette propagation d’ambiances se diffuse le long d’une séquence chronologique qui, par touches successives, fraye une voie à l’émergence du régime moral de l’impératif « Œil pour œil, dent pour dent ». D’abord, l’« ambiance de merde » du quartier. Ensuite, le choc de voir mourir un ami sous ses yeux. Enfin, la prise en charge séculière et religieuse du mort.