bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of downward assets volatility in assessing the book-value distance to default
Authors: Coccorese Paolo , Santucci Laura 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the different definitions of “book-value distance to default” (BVDD) to assess whether using downward assets volatility provides some advantage to the index performance or produces adverse impacts on its effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachOur BVDD is a modification of the Merton’s “distance to default” and relies on accounting data only. A survival analysis is conducted by estimating a Cox semiparametric hazard model where the BVDD is built as a function of a parameterθ, which indicates the percentage of upward assets volatility incorporated in its calculation so as to compare its success in predicting banks’ distress over different levels ofθ. The investigation is performed on panel data regarding 866 Italian banks over 21 years.FindingsResults show that while the “pure” downward assets volatility does not catch all the nuances of risk, a small portion of upward deviation allows to notably increase the probability of identifying a distressed bank beforehand.Originality/valueThis study adds to the literature by providing two main contributions. First, it confirms that the BVDD is a reliable measure, being able to predict whether a bank is going to face distress. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to appraise BVDD’s accuracy as an index for banks’ soundness through a rigorous econometric experiment. Second, some important insights regarding the Italian banking system may be inferred: larger well-capitalized banks seem to be less likely to fail, whereas credit institutions with higher loans-to-assets ratios are found to be riskier.
The effect of symmetric and asymmetric information on volatility structure of crypto-currency markets
Authors: Othman Anwar Hasan Abdullah , Alhabshi Syed Musa , Haron Razali 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine whether the crypto-currencies’ market returns are symmetric or asymmetric informative, through analysing the daily logarithmic returns of bitcoin currency over the period of 2011-2017.

Design/methodology/approach
In doing so, the symmetric informative analysis is estimated by applying the generalised auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) (1,1) model, whereas asymmetric informative or leverage effects analysis is estimated by exponential GARCH (1,1), asymmetric power ARCH (1,1) and threshold GARCH (1,1) models. In addition, the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity in mean (GARCH-M (1,1)) was applied to examine whether the risk-return trade-off phenomenon was persistent in crypto-currencies market.

Findings
The main findings indicate that bitcoin market return or volatility is symmetric informative and has a long memory to persist in the future. Furthermore, the sympatric volatility is found to be more sensitive to its past values (lagged) than to the new shock of the market values. However, asymmetric informative response of volatility to the negative and the positive shocks do not exist in the bitcoin market or, in other words, there is no leverage effect. This suggests that the bitcoin market is in harmony with the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) with respect to the asymmetric information and violated the EMH with regard to the symmetric information. Hence, the market price or return of bitcoin currency could not be predicted by simply exercising such past market information in the short-run investment. In addition, the estimated coefficient of conditional variance or risk premium (λ) in the mean equation of CHARCH–M (1,1) model is positive however, statistically insignificant. This indicates the absence of risk-return trade-off, in which case the higher market risk will not essentially lead to higher market returns. This paper has proposed that an investment in the crypto-currency market is more appropriate for risk-averse investors than risk takers.

Originality/value
The findings of the study will provide investors with necessary information about the bitcoin market price efficiency, hedging effectiveness and risk management.
Consequences of supervisor self-interested behavior: a moderated mediation
Authors: Mao Jih-Yu , Zhang Ye , Chen Lifan , Liu Xin 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the negative consequences of employee perceptions of supervisor self-interested behavior (SIB). Using social exchange theory, the authors argue that perceived supervisor SIB reduces affective commitment to the supervisor (ACS), which in turn fosters employees’ negative reciprocal behavior in the form of counterproductive work behavior – interpersonal (CWBI) and counterproductive work behavior – organizational (CWBO). In addition, the authors identify employee power distance orientation (PDO) as an important contingent factor that influences the indirect effects.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a final sample of 441 employees from 146 workgroups across 6 firms in China, the hypotheses are tested using multilevel path analysis to account for the nesting effects.

Findings
Perceived supervisor SIB is negatively related to ACS, which in turn is related to employee CWBI and CWBO. Furthermore, employee PDO moderates the indirect effects of perceived supervisor SIB on employee CWBI and CWBO through decreased ACS. Specifically, when employee PDO is low, the indirect effects on employee CWBI and CWBO are stronger.

Originality/value
This is one of the first studies to investigate the influence of employee perceptions of supervisor SIB on negative employee behavior in the workplace. Furthermore, it furthers our understanding of how negative exchange can stimulate negative reciprocal behavior, which is a relatively underexplored area. Another strength of this paper is the multi-time survey design and the adoption of multilevel path analysis.
The generalizability of transformational leadership across cultures: a meta-analysis
Authors: Crede Marcus , Jong Jaehee , Harms Peter 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the effectiveness of transformational leadership behaviors are moderated by a country’s cultural values and cultural practices.Design/methodology/approachThe authors describe a meta-analytic review of the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance (task performance and OCBs) using data from over 57,000 individuals, 215 samples and 34 countries. The authors examine whether this relationship is moderated by the cultural values and practices of the country in which the study was located – after first controlling for methodological factors.FindingsThe authors find that cultural values and practices moderate the transformational leadership – employee performance relationship such that the relationship is much stronger in countries whose culture is incongruent with transformational leadership.Research limitations/implicationsData were only available for 34 countries and it is unclear what role industry type and job type play in determining transformational leadership effectiveness or if these situational variables are confounded with culture. The findings call into question the generalizability of transformational leadership across countries and cultures.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that the value of transformational leadership behaviors may be limited in developed economies such as Western Europe and North America, while transformational leadership is most effective in Africa, the Middle East, South America and parts of Southeast Asia.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to examine the generalizability of transformational leadership across 34 countries and is by far the largest review ever conducted into the relationship between transformational leadership and subordinate performance.
Corporate social responsibility and financial stability: evidence from the Troubled Asset Relief Program
Authors: Cooper Elizabeth , Henderson Christopher , Kish Andrew 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the banking industry using Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) as an experimental backdrop.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors match banks that received TARP with CSR data on publicly available firms. Using this data set, the authors are able to perform both univariate and multivariate analyses to determine the impact of CSR on bank management behavior.

Findings
The authors find evidence that supports stakeholder theory as applied to a sample of large financial institutions. The authors show that banks increased their CSR involvement and intensity following TARP, evidence that CSR is not merely transitory in nature but structural and an important aspect of firm value. The authors also find that capital ratios increase to a greater degree in banks whose CSR ratings were stronger prior to TARP. Finally, while all banks in the sample repaid Treasury, it took strong CSR banks a longer time to repay than banks with weaker CSR. The authors show how CEO compensation played a role in this relationship.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are limited to large banks.

Practical implications
Practically speaking, this study helps to discern the motivations and actions of large financial institutions. This is especially important from a regulator perspective, whose function is to maintain overall national financial stability.

Originality/value
This is the first study to link TARP and CSR literatures. Overall, there are a limited number of studies on CSR in the banking industry, and this paper adds to this burgeoning area. It is important and valuable to managers and policymakers to understand implications of CSR in the financial sector.
Role of affect in marketplace rumor propagation
Authors: Sudhir Subin , Unnithan Anandakuttan B. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeRumors about products and brands are common occurrence in the marketplace. Often these rumors are shared among consumers using the word of mouth channel. The spread of these rumors is fast and can lead to significant consequences to products and brands. The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamics of such rumor sharing behavior among consumers. Specifically, this paper investigates the role of positive affect and negative affect in rumor sharing behavior. Three key rumor characteristics (valence, involvement and credibility) are explored as antecedents to positive affect and negative affect.Design/methodology/approachThe paper collects data from 236 respondents using Amazon MTurk, and conducts a PLS–SEM analysis to explore the role of positive affect and negative affect in rumor sharing contexts.FindingsBoth positive affect and negative affect were found to be significant factors leading to rumor sharing, furthermore positive affect was found to have a stronger influence on rumor sharing as compared to negative affect. The study also delineates the role of valence, involvement and credibility in rumor sharing scenarios, all of which have a strong role in shaping positive affect and negative affect.Originality/valueThe study is novel in using cognitive appraisal theory to illustrate the formation of positive affect and negative affect in rumor encounters. The study conclusively illustrates the role of cognitive appraisal and emotional experiences in the rumor propagation context, and advances the marketing scholarship’s understanding significantly.
Enabling control in a radically decentralized organization
Authors: O’Grady Winnie 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to consider the enabling and coercive features of formal control in non-hierarchical settings and the factors influencing perceptions of controls.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a qualitative case study of a single organization. Data are collected via semi-structured interviews, a range of published materials and a management presentation. Analysis considered the features of coercive and enabling control at the level of individual controls.

Findings
In this highly decentralized organization, internal and global transparency predominate and help managers respond to contingencies in flexible ways. Managers cannot repair certain elements of controls to ensure there is stability in an otherwise flexible system. The existence (absence) of enabling features combined with the type of controls (e.g. action or results controls) lacking enabling features influence managers’ perceptions of control.

Research limitations/implications
Few studies have considered formal controls in non-hierarchical organizations. The findings reveal the importance of minimally coercive control features in creating a stable structure for controlling performance. The findings may not be relevant to other hierarchical organizations.

Originality/value
The study is conducted in a highly decentralized context where managers have extensive autonomy (flexibility). The context allows the role of minimally coercive control features to be explored in an essentially enabling organizational setting.
Evaluation of influenza vaccine‐induced cell‐mediated immunity: Comparison between methods using peripheral blood mononuclear cells and whole blood
Authors: Otani Naruhito , Shima Masayuki , Ueda Takashi , Ichiki Kaoru , Nakajima Kazuhiko , Takesue Yoshio , Okuno Toshiomi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAssessment of cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) may be critical to evaluating the ability of individuals to protect themselves against influenza virus infection. However, it has been difficult to evaluate CMI because no simple means of measuring it is currently available. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a CMI measurement method developed by us, which involves reacting whole blood with antigen, with the conventional method, which is based on isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Correlations between these methods before and after vaccination of 26 healthy adults (aged 28–58 years; 12 men and 14 women) were assessed and changes in CMI after influenza vaccination in PBMCs cultured with antigen for 48 and 96 hr and whole blood cultured with antigen for 48 hr were studied. Results of CMI measurement using whole blood on Day 2 and PBMCs on Day 4 were found to be correlated. Spearman's correlation coefficients with four antigens (A [H1N1], A [H3N2], B [Yamagata lineage], and B [Victoria lineage]) before vaccination were 0.55, 0.61, 0.58, and 0.70, respectively and 0.40, 0.45, 0.62, and 0.52, respectively, after vaccination. CMI was detected sooner when whole blood was reacted with antigen than when PBMCs were reacted with antigen. The rate of positive reaction of influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) in whole blood on Day 2 was higher than that in PBMCs on Day 2. Our method is simple and may be useful for vaccine development because it can measure CMI in a small amount of blood without separating off PBMCs.
Air pollution as an experimental probe of insect population dynamics
Authors: Liebhold Andrew M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn Focus: Hunter, M. D., & Kozlov, M. V. (2019) . Journal of Animal Ecology, 88, 665–676.Teasing apart the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors affecting animal population dynamics is a difficult task when based solely on the analysis of natural populations. Experimental manipulations of systems using microcosm studies can be powerful tools for probing such interactions, but microcosms are ultimately limited by their lack of complexity compared with nature. Hunter and Kozlov (2019) take a novel field‐based experimental approach to studying abiotic influences on biotic interactions by quantifying how the presence of a pollutant source alters biotic processes driving populations of a forest leaf miner. They find that populations in proximity to a pollutant source show weaker direct density dependence and stronger delayed density dependence than more distant populations unaffected by pollution. These differences in density dependence cause higher equilibrium densities near the pollution source but surprisingly they do not alter leaf miner oscillatory dynamics. This creative study provides useful insight into how abiotic forces alter biotic population processes and how density dependence shapes the spatial dynamics of animal populations.
Meanings and Misunderstandings: A Social Determinants of Health Lexicon for Health Care Systems
Authors: ALDERWICK HUGH , GOTTLIEB LAURA M. 
Published: May 2019

Policy Points
Health care systems and policymakers in the United States increasingly use language related to social determinants of health in their strategies to improve health and control costs, but the terms used are often misunderstood, conflated, and confused.
Greater clarity on key terms and the concepts underlying them could advance policies and practices related to social determinants of health—including by defining appropriate roles and limits of the health care sector in this multisector field.
Identification of a PP2A gene in Bombyx mori with antiviral function against B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus
Authors: Hu Zhi‐Gang , Dong Zhan‐Qi , Dong Fei‐Fan , Zhu Yan , Chen Peng , Lu Cheng , Pan Min‐Hui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSer/Thr protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the type 2 protein phosphatases, which is required for many intracellular physiological processes and pathogen infection. However, the function of PP2A is unclear in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Here, we cloned and identified BmPP2A, a PP2A gene from B. mori, which has two HEAT domains and a high similarity to PP2A from other organisms. Our results showed that BmPP2A is localized in the cytoplasm and highly expressed in silkworm epidermis and midgut, and that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection induces down‐regulation of BmPP2A expression. Furthermore, up‐regulation of BmPP2A via overexpression significantly inhibited BmNPV multiplication. In contrast, down‐regulation of BmPP2A via RNA interference and okadaic acid (a PP2A inhibitor) treatment allowed robust BmNPV replication. This is the first report of PP2A having an antiviral effect in silkworm and provides insights into the function of BmPP2A, a potential anti‐BmNPV mechanism, and a possible target for the breeding of silkworm‐resistant strains.
Controlled Release Mechanism and Antibacterial Effect of Layer‐By‐Layer Self‐Assembly Thyme Oil Microcapsule
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Zhang Shanshan , Su Rongrong , Xiong Die , Feng Wu , Chen Jiaping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThyme essential oil‐loaded microcapsules (TMS) were fabricated using natural polysaccharide chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA) as the shell material via the method of layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assembly. The accumulated release rates of thyme oil and microcapsules at 4 °C were 42.50% and 10.16%, respectively. After heating at 100 °C for 5 hr, the release rate of the 0, 2, 4, 6 layers assembled microcapsules were 100%, 48.84%, 28.38%, 19.3%, severally. Microcapsules also had good pH sensitivity in the range of 4 to 10. Antimicrobial function studies showed that the microcapsules are more effective than thyme oil for three tested microorganisms. When the temperature rose from 37 °C to 121 °C, the antibacterial zone of thyme oil gradually decreased from 18.5 ± 0.6 mm to 12.3 ± 0.6 mm, although inhibition rate of microcapsules increased from 87.97% to 99.75%. The antibacterial effect of thyme oil declined with the increase of pH, in terms of microcapsules, the efficiency was better under acidic or alkaline conditions. The thyme oil microcapsules can suppress the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in milk and prolong its shelf life. It was determined that this microcapsule could be a potential alternative as a natural antimicrobial agent in food and pharmaceutical industries.Practical ApplicationThis work provided release performance and mechanism of layer‐by‐layer (LBL) thyme oil microcapsule under different conditions, and further studies showed its antibacterial ability to explore how herb essential oils can be potentially applied in food packaging and antibacterial areas.
A reliable detachable balloon that prevents abdominal cavity contamination during transrectal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery
Authors: Du Bing , Fan Yu Jing , Zhao Li Xia , Geng Xin Yu , Li De Liang , Wu Xiu Wen , Zhang De Kai , Liu Bing Rong 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a detachable endoluminal balloon in the prevention of abdominal cavity contamination during transrectal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES).MethodsThe efficacy and safety of a detachable endoluminal balloon to maintain disinfection in the distal colon of the pigs were evaluated. The bacterial loads and colonic cleanliness were monitored. Additionally, the device was applied to another nine pigs that underwent a cholecystotomy by transrectal NOTES. Necropsy and pathological examination were performed after 28‐day follow‐up.ResultsAll animals exposed to the device and one of the seven pigs not exposed to the device scored three points on the bowel cleanliness scale (P < 0.001). After 30 min bacterial loads of the test (with balloon occlusion) and control (without balloon occlusion) groups showed a significant difference (0.8 × 103 CFU/mL vs 186.8 × 103 CFU/mL, P < 0.01). Cholecystotomy by transrectal NOTES with the device was successfully performed. The mean intraperitoneal procedure time was 102.9 ± 37.7 min. There were no procedure‐related adverse events. During the follow‐up, all animals presented normal behavior and appetite. No peritoneal infection or adhesion was detected at autopsy. Cholecystotomy and rectal incision were histologically healed and no histological abnormalities were detected in the colon related to balloon placement.ConclusionsThe detachable balloon provides a reliable solution for preventing peritoneal contamination during transluminal operations. The technique may assist in future transrectal NOTES.
MicroRNA‐195 suppresses the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by directly targeting apelin
Authors: Zhou Yongchun , Zhao Ming , Du Yaxi , Liu Yajie , Zhao Guangqiang , Ye Lianhua , Li Quan , Li Hongsheng , Wang Xiaoxiong , Liu Xin , Guo Yinjin , Liu Junxi , Huang Yunchao 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundApelin plays an important role in many types of tumors. We aimed to identify the effects of miR‐195 on inhibiting apelin and clarify the regulating mechanism of miR‐195‐apelin in lung adenocarcinoma cells.MethodsWe detected the expression levels of apelin and miR‐195 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and lung cancer cell lines using Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the target gene of miR‐195. The effects of miR‐195 and apelin on the proliferation and cell cycle of lung adenocarcinoma cells were assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry. Wound‐healing and transwell invasion experiments were employed to examine cellular migration and invasion. A tumor xenograft model was then used to investigate the role of miR‐195 on tumor growth in vivo.ResultsThe expression level of apelin and miR‐195 showed an inverse correlation in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay suggested that miR‐195 directly targets apelin messenger RNA. Overexpression of miR‐195 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Further analysis revealed that apelin is one of the functional target genes of miR‐195, and the overexpression of apelin efficiently inhibits the promotion of cell proliferation and invasion mediated by miR‐195 mimics in lung adenocarcinoma cells.ConclusionsOur data constitute evidence that miR‐195 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion though targeting apelin and provides novel insight into the mechanism underlying the development of lung adenocarcinoma.