bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visfatin Levels May be an Early Marker of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Acromegaly
Authors: Piskinpasa Hamide , Okuturlar Yildiz , Dogansen Sema Ciftci , Akdeniz Yasemin Sefika , Esen Ayse , Sadri Sogol , Pirhan Osman , Gemici Aysegul Akdogan , Serin Sibel Ocak , Gedikbası Asuman , Adas Mine , Mert Meral 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to compare serum visfatin levels between patients with acromegaly and healthy controls and to evaluate the relationships between visfatin levels and epicardial fat thickness (EFT), carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), and ankle brachial index (ABI). We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study of 54 patients with acromegaly (37 females and 17 males) and 34 healthy controls (22 females and 12 males). Serum visfatin was measured by ELISA. Acromegalic and control participants and those with active or controlled acromegaly were compared with respect to their serum visfatin, clinical and metabolic parameters, EFT, cIMT, and ABI. Linear correlation was used to identify associations between these parameters and visfatin in all participants. Serum visfatin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were higher in the acromegaly group than in the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.007, respectively). There was no difference in visfatin between the active and controlled acromegaly groups, but HbA1c was higher in the active than the controlled acromegaly group (p<0.04). EFT, cIMT, and ABI were similar between the acromegaly and control groups and between the active and controlled acromegaly groups. Serum visfatin positively correlated with HbA1c, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/upper limit of normal ratio (r=0.245, p=0.024; r=0.259, p=0.017; and r=0.282, p=0.009, respectively). This study has revealed that a high visfatin level is associated with glycemic dysregulation and higher levels of GH and IGF-1 in acromegalic patients.
Web-Based GPU-Accelerated Application for Multiplanar Reconstructions from Conventional 2D Ultrasound
Authors: Borgbjerg Jens , Hørlyck Arne 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose In ultrasound education there is a need for interactive web-based learning resources. The purpose of this project was to develop a web-based application that enables the generation and exploration of volumetric datasets from cine loops obtained with conventional 2D ultrasound.
Materials and Methods JavaScript code for ultrasound video loading and the generation of volumetric datasets was created and merged with an existing web-based imaging viewer based on JavaScript and HTML5. The Web Graphics Library was utilized to enable hardware-accelerated image rendering.
Results The result is a web application that works in most major browsers without any plug-ins. It allows users to load a conventional 2D ultrasound cine loop which can subsequently be manipulated with on-the-fly multiplanar reconstructions as in a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) viewer. The application is freely accessible at (http://www.castlemountain.dk/atlas/index.php?page=mulrecon&mulreconPage=sonoviewer) where a demonstration of web-based sharing of generated cases can also be found.
Conclusion The developed web-based application is unique in its ability to easily perform loading of one’s own ultrasound clips and conduct multiplanar reconstructions where interactive cases can be shared on the Internet.
Comparison of Kinematics and Muscle Activation between Push-up and Bench Press
Authors: Tillaar Roland van den 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the similarity in kinematics and upper-body muscle activation between push-up and bench press exercises over a range of loads. Twenty resistance-trained subjects (age 22.5±5.24 yrs, body mass 83.7±10.7 kg, height 1.80±0.06 m) executed bench presses and push-ups with 4 different loads. Bench press was executed at 50–80% of their assumed 1 repetition max in steps of 10 kg, while push-ups were executed without a weight vest and with a 10–20–30 kg weight vest. A linear encoder measured kinematics (displacement, time, average and peak velocity) during the exercises at each load, together with mean and maximal muscle activation of 8 upper body muscles and their timing for each exercise and each load. The main findings of this study demonstrate no differences in kinematics and muscle activation between the two exercises and that the different loads had the same effect upon both push-up and bench press in experienced resistance-trained men. For coaches and athletes, push-ups and bench presses for strength training can be used interchangeably. By using a weight vest, push-ups can mimic different loads that are similar to different intensities in the bench press that can be used to train strength demands.
Potential of Distilled Liquid Smoke Derived from Coconut (Cocos nucifera L) Shell for Traumatic Ulcer Healing in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Arundina Ira , Rahayu Retno Pudji , Mansur Dieni , Bramantoro Taufan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Distilled liquid smoke (DLS) is a result of coconut processing by-product that not only serves as a natural food preservative but also has a promising therapeutic effect. The healing potential of DLS derived from coconut (Cocos nucifera L) shell was investigated on a traumatic ulcer with the diabetic rat.
Materials and Methods DLS was analyzed the component by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry. Diabetic condition was induced by alloxan in 55 male Wistar rats. Ten mm of traumatic ulcer was made along the labial fornix incisive inferior after the diabetic condition was confirmed. Then DLS coconut shell, benzydamine hydrochloride, and sterile distilled water were applied topically for 3, 5, and 7 days. The potential healing was evaluated based on the expression of nuclear factor kappa beta (NFκB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on macrophages using immunohistochemical staining and the amount of collagen using Masson Trichome staining. The difference between each group was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The least significant difference test is used to determine the significant difference (p < 0.05).
Results The major compounds found were phenol (36.6%), 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol) (25.2%), furfural (17.8%), and 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol (3.5%) with 28 other minor constituents. The lowest NFκB and TNF-α expression on macrophage was observed by topical application of DLS derived from coconut shell for 3, 5, and 7 days of treatment. The amount of collagen was increased and indicated by the highest result of DLS compared to others.
Conclusion The DLS derived from coconut (Cocos nucifera L) shell was able to improve traumatic ulcer healing in a person with diabetes.
A p.Arg499His Mutation in SPAST Is Associated with Infantile Onset Ascending Spastic Paralysis Complicated with Dysarthria and Anarthria
Authors: Ogasawara Masashi , Saito Takashi , Koshimizu Eriko , Akasaka Noriyuki , Sasaki Masayuki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe complication of anarthria in hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) patients has been reported to result from mutations in either ALS2 or FA2H. Here, we present a case of a 12-year-old boy with hereditary spastic paralysis and anarthria associated with a SPAST mutation. Initial presentation was at 14 months of age, when the patient experienced leg stiffness. At 3 years of age, he could speak well using sentences. At 9 years of age, he was found to have dysarthria and had difficulty writing. At 12 years of age, the ability to speak was lost. The patient could not vocalize any words, despite contraction of his neck and respiratory muscles during attempted vocalization. Additionally, the patient has never walked independently in his life. Considering these symptoms, we diagnosed him as having infantile onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis (IAHSP) complicated with anarthria. By whole-exome sequencing, we discovered a heterozygous SPAST mutation c.1496G > A (p.Arg499His), which was not found in the parents and is probably de novo. This mutation was already repeatedly described with similar phenotype. Our results suggest that the p.Arg499His mutation in SPAST should be considered as a differential diagnosis in IAHSP.
Evaluation of Nasal Resistance by Rhinomanometry before and after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Kaneda Shoji , Sekine Motoki , Saito Kousuke , Murakami Tomoaki , Yamamoto Hikaru , Okami Kenji , Furuya Hiroyuki , Iida Masahiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWith the objective of identifying the factors affecting the nasal resistance in patients undergoing sinus surgery, we evaluated the data of 95 patients with chronic sinusitis who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) between 2015 and 2018 at our hospital. We determined the nasal resistance by rhinomanometry and also patients' sensation of nasal obstruction before surgery and 3 months after the ESS. In total, 49 bilateral and 46 unilateral ESS procedures were performed, including ESS alone, ESS + septoplasty, and ESS + septoplasty + conchotomy. In addition, the surgical cases were classified into single sinus or polysinus surgery, and groups with or without polyps. We compared the nasal resistance and degree of change in the nasal resistance among the groups. The same comparisons were also conducted separately in cases with nasal resistance levels of >0.25 Pa/cm3/s. Nasal resistance improved following the ESS in both the bilateral and unilateral cases. In almost all the subgroups, the nasal resistance improved following ESS with the exception of the ESS with septoplasty group with nasal resistance levels of >0.25 Pa/cm3/s. The degree of change in the nasal resistance was not significantly different between the ESS alone, ESS + septoplasty, and ESS + septoplasty + conchotomy groups. Similarly, the degree of change in the nasal resistance was also not significantly different between the single sinus and polysinus surgery or between patients with and without polyps. Furthermore, there were no differences among the above groups of patients with >0.25 Pa/cm3/s either. The patients' sensation of nasal obstruction improved following the ESS. The nasal resistance measured by rhinomanometry was weakly correlated with the sensation of nasal obstruction prior to the ESS; however, the nasal resistance following the ESS and the degree of change of the nasal resistance following the ESS were not correlated with the sensation of nasal obstruction or the degree of change in the sensation of nasal obstruction. Future studies are needed for a precise clarification of the factors that affect nasal resistance.
Genetic dissection of active forgetting in labile and consolidated memories inDrosophila
Authors: Gao Yang , Shuai Yichun , Zhang Xuchen , Peng Yuwei , Wang Lianzhang , He Jing , Zhong Yi , Li Qian 
Published: September 2019

SignificanceAs a critical component of a healthy memory management system, forgetting has received increasing attention. Studies across multiple species support important roles of actin remodeling in forgetting. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. InDrosophila, Rac1 and Cdc42, 2 Rho GTPases that act as signaling hubs to coordinate actin remodeling, were reported to mediate the forgetting of labile and consolidated memories, respectively. Here, we showed that Rac1 and Cdc42 exert their effects on forgetting by acting through 2 different actin polymerization pathways, Rac1/SCAR/Dia and Cdc42/WASp/Arp2/3 complexes. These findings fill in the molecular landscape that link forgetting to actin remodeling at the cellular level and shed light on drug development that aims to tune forgetting to treat memory-related diseases.
p53 prevents doxorubicin cardiotoxicity independently of its prototypical tumor suppressor activities
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Ping-yuan , Long Nathaniel A. , Zhuang Jie , Springer Danielle A. , Zou Jizhong , Lin Yongshun , Bleck Christopher K. E. , Park Ji-Hoon , Kang Ju-Gyeong , Hwang Paul M. 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Doxorubicin is a DNA-damaging agent that is highly effective against various types of cancers, but a subset of treated patients develop heart failure for unclear genetic reasons. In the current study using p53 mouse models, low-dose doxorubicin as administered in the clinics surprisingly revealed that the absence of p53 increases susceptibility to doxorubicin cardiotoxicity while a mutant of p53 that retains mitochondrial regulation is protective. Notably, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis with a simple vitamin supplement ameliorated the cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, mitochondrial blood markers observed in association with doxorubicin susceptibility could provide guidance for the safer use of this effective chemotherapy.
The CEACAM1-derived peptide QLSN impairs collagen-induced human platelet activation through glycoprotein VI
Authors: Ye Yujia , Wan Wen , Wang Jing , Hu Wei , Wang Huawei , Li Longjun , Sang Peng , Gu Yajuan , Li Deng , Wang Zhe , Meng Zhaohui 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTCarcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) regulates collagen-mediated platelet activation through its cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs). However, the function of CEACAM1’s extracellular cleavage fragments is currently unknown. In the present study, we used mass spectrometry (MS) to identify 9 cleavage fragments shed by matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP-12), and then we synthesized peptides with sequences corresponding to the fragments. QLSNGNRTLT (QLSN), a peptide from the A1-domain of CEACAM1, significantly attenuated collagen-induced platelet aggregation. QLSN also attenuated platelet static adhesion to collagen. Additionally, QLSN reduced human platelet secretion and integrin αIIbβ3 activation in response to glycoprotein VI (GPVI)–selective agonist, convulxin. Correspondingly, QLSN treatment significantly decreased convulxin-mediated phosphorylation of Src, protein kinase B (Akt), spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) in human platelets. These data indicate that the CEACAM1-derived peptide QLSN inhibits GPVI-mediated human platelet activation. QLSN could potentially be developed as a novel antiplatelet agent.
First passage and first hitting times of Lévy flights and Lévy walks
Authors: Palyulin Vladimir V , Blackburn George , Lomholt Michael A , Watkins Nicholas W , Metzler Ralf , Klages Rainer , Chechkin Aleksei V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For both Lévy flight and Lévy walk search processes we analyse the full distribution of first-passage and first-hitting (or first-arrival) times. These are, respectively, the times when the particle moves across a point at some given distance from its initial position for the first time, or when it lands at a given point for the first time. For Lévy motions with their propensity for long relocation events and thus the possibility to jump across a given point in space without actually hitting it (‘leapovers’), these two definitions lead to significantly different results. We study the first-passage and first-hitting time distributions as functions of the Lévy stable index, highlighting the different behaviour for the cases when the first absolute moment of the jump length distribution is finite or infinite. In particular we examine the limits of short and long times. Our results will find their application in the mathematical modelling of random search processes as well as computer algorithms.
Invited Commentary: Two-Phase, Generalized Case-Control Designs for Quantitative Longitudinal Outcomes and Evolution of the Case-Control Study
Authors: Flanders W Dana 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The case-control study design has evolved substantially over the past half century. The design has long been recognized as a way to increase efficiency by studying fewer subjects than would be required for a full cohort study. Historically, it was thought that case-control studies required a rare disease assumption for valid risk ratio estimation, but it was later realized that rare disease was not necessary. Over time, the design and analysis methods were further modified to allow estimation of rate ratios or to allow each person to serve as his/her own control (as we see with case-cohort and case-crossover studies, for example). We now understand that efficiency can be increased through the use of outcome-dependent sampling not only for dichotomous outcomes but also for continuous outcomes in longitudinal studies with repeated outcome measurement during follow-up. In their accompanying paper, Schildcrout et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2019;000(00):000–000) contribute to our understanding, clearly summarizing many recent advances in study design and analyses that allow more general and efficient use of case-control studies. Their simulations demonstrate that improved efficiency is achieved with these methods when the goal is to estimate associations of exposure with trajectories and patterns of change over time. Here we comment on application of some of these generalized case-control methods to causal inference.
Contemporary Poetry and Capitalism
Authors: Hunter Walt 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The field of poetry and poetics has been revitalized by a decade and a half of close attention to many of its enduring premises and assumptions. Three new books by Jasper Bernes, Margaret Ronda, and Heather Milne show how US poetry from 1945 to the present responds to the changing conditions of historical capitalism. Departing from older periodizing narratives anchored in the shift from modernism to postmodernism, these books uncover the poetic histories that emerge in tandem with changes in economic structures and political regimes.
Topical Nanofat Biocrème Improves Aesthetic Outcomes of Nonablative Fractionated Laser Treatment: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Cohen Steven R , Goodacre Ashley K , Womack Hayley , Delaunay Flore , Wood Danielle , Wesson Tristan , Tiryaki Tunc 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Improvements in skin erythema and elasticity have been observed with topical application of platelet-rich plasma after fractional laser (FXD) treatment. Injections of nanofat via small needles into the dermis improves tissue thickness, discoloration and wrinkle depth.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate improvements in skin following a nonablative FXD treatment combined with the application of a novel topical nanofat biocrème, called neo-U.

Methods
Fifty patients were treated with a nonablative FXD followed by application of a topical nanofat biocrème. Harvested fat was processed into nanofat, which was compounded with a transdermal liposomal delivery vector to produce a topical biocrème. In 2 patients, postauricular skin punch biopsies were performed before and after treatment and examined for histologic changes. Photographs of a historical group treated with only the FXD were compared with photographs of patients treated with a combination of topical nanofat biocrème and FXD. Skin types were evaluated for improvements in nasolabial folds, wrinkles, and skin texture.

Results
Findings from postauricular skin biopsies show the skin exposed to FXD with nanofat biocrème had more elastin fibers and a slight increase in the thickness of the epidermis. Patients treated with FXD plus nanofat biocrème had a statistically significant improvement in the degree of wrinkles, nasolabial fold depth, and texture compared with historical controls.

Conclusions
Transdermal delivery of nanofat topical biocrème applied after FXD treatment can serve as a delivery system to improve fine lines, nasolabial fold depth, and overall texture of the tissue to a greater degree than laser resurfacing alone.
Behavioral Responses to Decreasing Day Length in Wintering Sea Ducks
Authors: Systad Geir H. , Bustnes Jan O. , Erikstad Kjell E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Sea ducks generally are diurnal feeders, but large numbers winter above the Arctic Circle where day lengths decrease dramatically in winter. To determine how sea ducks cope with short day lengths, we studied different aspects of the behavior of three sympatric wintering species (Common Eider [Somateria mollissima], King Eider [S. spectabilis], and Oldsquaw [Clangula hyemalis]) at 70°N where day length is reduced to less than 4.5 h of twilight in midwinter. Numbers of both eider species remained fairly constant throughout winter, whereas Oldsquaws moved out of the area in midwinter. As day length decreased, eiders extended their feeding period into lower light intensities. Common Eiders and Oldsquaws spent a higher proportion of the day diving (underwater) when days were short, whereas King Eiders did not. As the days lengthened, King Eiders and Oldsquaws increased their total time diving at similar rates, which were faster than those of Common Eiders. Feeding at lower light intensities and increased proportions of time spent diving did not offset reduced feeding time in midwinter, and estimated time spent underwater during daylight on the shortest days was only 35% of that on the longest days in King Eiders, 51% in Common Eiders, and 39% in Oldsquaws. The ability to survive when days are short might be explained by use of stored nutrient reserves, night feeding, or high prey availability.
Breeding Ecology and Nest-Site Selection of Song Wrens in Central Panama
Authors: Robinson Tara R. , Douglas Robinson W. , Ceinwen Edwards E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We describe nest-site selection and report measures of breeding productivity from a population of Song Wrens (Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus) in central Panama. We studied 31 pairs from 1995 to 1998 and collected data on nest predation from 1996 to 1998. Song Wrens are year-round residents that build breeding nests for reproduction and dormitory nests for roosting. Twenty-five of 50 Song Wren breeding nests produced fledglings (daily nest survival rate = 0.968). Song Wrens usually (78%) placed their breeding nests in ant-defended acacias (Acacia melanoceras). However, nests placed in acacias did not experience lower rates of nest predation than nests placed in sites not defended by ants. The population-wide breeding season was seven months long, but individual pairs often bred within a span of only 2.5 months. Modal clutch size was two (n = 42), but the frequency of three-egg clutches was high (≥27%). Pairs that lost eggs or chicks renested more quickly than pairs that fledged young and attempted a second brood. Observed annual production of young was 1.4 fledglings per pair. Compared with other wrens, Song Wrens had a much longer breeding season and longer intervals between broods. The annual productivity of Song Wrens was the lowest recorded for any wren, which may have been due to smaller clutch sizes, long intervals between broods, and the correspondingly low number of nesting attempts per pair per year.
Anatomy and Systematics of the Confuciusornithidae (Theropoda: Aves) from the Late Mesozoic of Northeastern China
Authors: Olson Storrs L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The following critiques express the opinions of the individual evaluators regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and value of the books they review. As such, the appraisals are subjective assessments and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editors or any official policy of the American Ornithologists' Union.