bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suscetibilidade Morfológica e Geológica aos Escorregamentos no Planalto de Paraitinga-Paraibuna (SP)
Authors: Oliveira Maria Rita Pelegrin de , Carvalho Vieira Bianca , Ross Jurandyr Luciano Sanches 
Published: September 2018

O Planalto de Paraitinga – Paraibuna é uma morfoescultura cujo modelado de relevo é de morros altos, alongados, com topos convexos e encostas de alta declividade. Este modelado de relevo está condicionado às estruturas geológicas de dobras, falhas transcorrentes e uma litologia composta por rochas de médio grau metamórfico e rochas ígneas intrusivas sintectônicas. A conjugação destas características morfológicas e litoestruturais podem agir como fatores condicionantes dos movimentos de massa - processos recorrentes na região. Assim, objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade aos escorregamentos considerando aspectos geológicos e morfológicos do relevo. Aplicou-se o método do índice de potencial de escorregamento para avaliar o grau de suscetibilidade aos escorregamentos, considerando a relação entre o inventário de ciatrizes, o ângulo de encosta e a litologia. Os resultados parciais mostraram que a classe litológica do metatexito nebulítico foi a mais suscetível à ruptura, com valor de potencial de escorregamento de 222%; e a classe de ângulo de encosta de 30°-58° foi a mais suscetível aos escorregamentos, apresentando um valor de potencial de escorregamento de 250%. Notou-se também que os escorregamentos se concentraram ao longo de eixos de dobra e de falhas transcorrentes, indicando um possível controle estrutural. Para ser confirmado, necessita-se dados sobre a relação entre a geometria dos planos de descontinuidades (foliação, xistosidade e/ou bandamento), geometria das encostas e os escorregamentos.
String-pulling in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus): performance in discrimination tasks
Authors: Chaves Molina Adriano Bruno , Masuet Cullell Teresa , Colell Mimó Montserrat 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Many studies have used the string-pulling paradigm in order to assess causal understanding of the physical domain in a great variety of species of birds, primates and other mammals. Another area of interest is how subjects manage to solve these tasks, i.e., through trial-error learning, relying on perceptual cues, or through some kind of insight. In our study, we tested three juvenile female African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) on some string discrimination tasks. Our individuals seemed to base their choices on associations with perceptual cues rather than in a functional understanding of the tasks. They relied on trial-error learning instead of insight, and their performances were influenced by operant conditioning. However, their behaviour was goal-directed, as they frequently changed their first choice once they realized that they had chosen the wrong string.
Neck Muscle Mass Index as a Predictor of Post-Laryngectomy Wound Complications
Authors: Bozkurt Gülpembe , Elhassan Hassan Ahmed , Mahmutoğlu Abdullah Soydan , Çelebi İrfan , Mcleod Robert W. J. , Soytaş Pınar , Erol Zeynep Nur , Sözen Esra 
Published: September 2018

Objective: We investigated the relationship between paravertebral muscle cross-sectional area (PVM CSA) at the third vertebra (C3) level using computerized tomography (CT) neck images and its relationship with complications after total laryngectomy. Design: Retrospective analysis of 60 advanced laryngeal cancer patients who underwent total laryngectomy was performed. The cross-sectional areas of paravertebral neck muscles using neck CT at C3 level images obtained preoperatively were analyzed. Results: A significant difference in PVM CSA between complication and no complication groups, F(1, 53 = 4.319, P = .043), was identified by ANCOVA. There were no significant differences in between-subject effects: T-stage ( F = 1.652, P = .204), body mass index ( F = 0.889, P = .35), albumin ( F = .359, P = .552), age ( F = 1.623 P = .208), and smoking ( F = 4.319, P = .41). Conclusion: The PVM CSA measured at C3 level on pretreatment CT may help identify patients at higher risk of postoperative wound complications after total laryngectomy and who may particularly benefit from preoperative optimization of nutritional status.
Perceived CSR and Corporate Reputation: The Mediating Role of Employee Trust
Authors: Yadav Rama Shankar , Dash Sanket Sunand , Chakraborty Shreyashi , Kumar Manoj 
Published: September 2018

Executive Summary This research article focuses on the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in building corporate reputation of an organization. Scholars have studied CSR as an antecedent of corporate reputation, but the underlying mechanism of this process has been rarely explored. In order to fill this research gap, authors conducted an empirical study on 210 employees working in an automobile organization in India. The conceptual framework based on comprehensive literature review hypothesized that the perceived CSR of an organization may lead to trust development among the employees which in turn may lead to building of corporate reputation of the organization. The model was tested and all the hypotheses were accepted. Hence, it may be inferred that perceived CSR of an organization may develop a sense of trust among employees of an organization and in turn leading to the building of corporate reputation. The study has several implications for managers and scholars. The findings give a clear understanding that CSR activities of any organization can lead to trust development among employees at the same time they may aid in enhancing the corporate reputation of an organization. Hence, we suggest that in order to gain maximum benefits from CSR, managers should ensure that all the employees are aware of their firm’s CSR activities. Further, managers should adopt CSR activities that have high salience among current or potential employees so that its benefits are positively impacting its stakeholders and the firm. Such CSR activities can include investments in institutions where training is imparted to the organization’s workforce; organizing social welfare activities in areas close to the company’s location. The study also has future research implications for researchers working in the area of CSR. Scholars can explore other mediating variables which may explain the underlying mechanism between CSR and corporate reputation. The study can also be replicated in other sectors in order to enhance the generalizability of the findings.
Optimized beagle model for maxillary sinus floor augmentation via a mini-lateral window with simultaneous implant placement
Authors: Zhu Liqin , Yang Jiakang , Gong Jiaxing , Zhang Chenqiu , Wang Huiming 
Published: September 2018

Objective This study was performed to establish an optimized beagle model for maxillary sinus floor augmentation via a mini-lateral window with simultaneous implant placement. Methods Twelve beagles underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation via a mini-lateral window with simultaneous implant placement through sites selected by analyzing preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. During the experiment, no maxillary teeth were extracted and the infraorbital nerve was not severed. The osteotomy was only 5 mm in diameter. The implant stability quotient was measured, and postoperative CBCT was used to detect the condition of the sinus membrane and bone augmentation. Results The site corresponding to the tip of the highest dental cusp of the maxillary fourth premolar was suitable for the procedure, and the implant site was on the palatal bone plate. All implants achieved good primary stability. Postoperative CBCT showed no sinus membrane perforation, and the implants penetrated into the sinus cavity surrounded by bone substitute. Conclusion The herein-described optimized model with mini-lateral osteotomy and without extraction or severing of the infraorbital nerve was minimally invasive, retained more lateral bone of the sinus, and achieved good sinus floor-lifting results. This model is highly reproducible and merits wider application.
Recurrence After Arthroscopic Labral Repair for Traumatic Anterior Instability in Adolescent Rugby and Contact Athletes
Authors: Torrance Emma , Clarke Ciaran J. , Monga Puneet , Funk Lennard , Walton Michael J. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Traumatic glenohumeral dislocation of the shoulder is one of the most common shoulder injuries, especially among adolescent athletes. The treatment of instability for young athletes continues to be controversial owing to high recurrence rates. Purpose: To investigate the recurrence rate of shoulder instability after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair for adolescent contact and collision athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Sixty-seven patients aged <18 years underwent an arthroscopic labral repair over a 5-year period. The mean ± SD age of the cohort was 16.3 ± 0.9 years (range, 14-17 years) and consisted of 1 female and 66 males. All patients were contact athletes, with 62 of 67 playing rugby. Demographic, clinical, and intraoperative data for all patients with shoulder instability were recorded in our database. Recurrence rates were recorded and relative risks calculated. Results: At a follow-up of 33 ± 20 months, 34 of 67 patients had recurrent instability for an overall recurrence rate of 51% among adolescent contact athletes after arthroscopic labral repair surgery. The mean time to recurrence was 68.1 ± 45.3 weeks. All recurrences occurred as a result of a further sporting injury. Relative risk analysis demonstrated that athletes aged <16 years had 2.2 (95% CI, 1.2-2.1) times the risk of developing a further instability episode as compared with athletes aged ≥16 years at the time of index surgery ( P = .0002). The recurrence rate among adolescent athletes after bony Bankart repairs was 57.9% versus 47.9% for soft tissue labral repairs ( P = .4698). The incidence of Hill-Sachs lesions ( P = .0002) and bony Bankart lesions ( P = .009) among adolescent athletes was significantly higher than among adult controls ( P = .002). The presence of bone loss did not lead to a significant increase in recurrence rate over and above the effect of age. Conclusion: Adolescent contact athletes undergoing arthroscopic labral repair have an overall recurrence rate of 51%. Rugby players who undergo primary arthroscopic shoulder stabilization aged <16 years have 2.2 times the risk of developing a further instability episode when compared with athletes aged ≥16 years at the time of index surgery, with a recurrence rate of 93%.
Testing modified zeros for Poisson regression models
Authors: Tang Yi , Tang Wan 
Published: September 2018

Excessive zeros are common in practice and may cause overdispersion and invalidate inferences when fitting Poisson regression models. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models may be applied if there are inflated zeros; however, it is desirable to test if there are inflated zeros before such zero-inflated Poisson models are applied. Assuming a constant probability of being a structural zero in a zero-inflated Poisson regression model, the existence of the inflated zeros may be tested by testing whether the constant probability is zero. In such situations, the Wald, score, and likelihood ratio tests can be applied. Without specifying a zero-inflated Poisson model, He et al. recently developed a test by comparing the amount of observed zeros with that expected under the Poisson model. In this paper, we develop a closed form for the test and compare it with the Wald, score, and likelihood ratio tests through simulation studies. The simulation studies show that the test of He et al. is the best in controlling type I errors, while the score test generally has the least power among the tests. The tests are illustrated with two real data examples.
Public–Private Partnerships, Commitment and X-Inefficiency
Authors: Chowdhury Indrani Roy , Chowdhury Prabal Roy 
Published: September 2018

We examine the formation of public–private partnerships (PPPs), one of the most important organisational forms to evolve over the last few decades. Given the volume of infrastructural investment required, PPPs seem essential for India's development. We unearth a role for PPP formation that is new in the literature, namely its role as a commitment device. In particular, we argue that the presence of the private firm allows a PPP to credibly commit to discontinuing the project when efficiency considerations demand so. JEL: D02, D04,D72, D73, D43
Milnacipran: serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor approved for fibromyalgia may be a useful antidepressant
Authors: Keks Nicholas A , Hope Judy , Keogh Simone , Copolov David L 
Published: September 2018

Objective: Milnacipran is a serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) approved for treatment of fibromyalgia in Australia, but is used for depression in Europe and elsewhere. This paper will briefly review milnacipran and its utility in psychiatry for the treatment of depression. Conclusion: Milnacipran is a dual reuptake inhibitor of noradrenaline and serotonin, with greater effect on noradrenaline than serotonin, in contrast to the related drugs venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine and duloxetine. Rapidly absorbed irrespective of food, milnacipran has a half-life of approximately 8 hours, reaches steady state in 2 days and is excreted renally. Milnacipran helps a minority of patients with fibromyalgia by reducing pain and fatigue. It is also an effective antidepressant with efficacy comparable to venlafaxine and duloxetine, and a side effect profile characteristic of SNRIs. The dose range is 50–200 mg, in divided doses. Milnacipran may be useful for patients with depression and pain, and endogenous depression characterised by anergia, psychomotor retardation and hypersomnia. Caution is necessary in the presence of heart disease, hypertension, renal impairment, epilepsy, glaucoma, bipolar disorder, and bleeding tendency. Milnacipran is likely to be a useful late antidepressant option in treatment-resistant patients, as well as those with chronic pain, anergia and hypersomnia.
Skull pathology in 10 cats with patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome
Authors: Howes Charlotte , Longley Mark , Reyes Natalia , Major Alison C , Gracis Margherita , Fulton Scanlan Amy , Bailey Steven , Langley-Hobbs Sorrel J 
Published: September 2018

Case series summary The aim of this case series is to describe the clinical and radiological features of mandibular and maxillary abnormalities in cats diagnosed with patellar fractures and dental anomalies, a condition that we have named ‘patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome’ (PADS), also known previously as ‘knees and teeth syndrome’. Where available, clinical records, skull and/or intraoral dental radiographs, head CT images, microbiology and histopathology reports were collected, and follow-up was obtained. Ten cats with mandibular or maxillary abnormalities were identified. Common clinical features included multiple persistent deciduous teeth, gingivitis and swellings of the jaw. Skull radiographs were available for 7/10 cats and head CT images were available for one cat. Findings included marked bony and periosteal proliferation, hypodontia, root resorption, root malformation and unerupted permanent teeth. Where available, microbiology and histopathology results were consistent with osteomyelitis. Relevance and novel information Mandibular and maxillary abnormalities are an additional unreported clinical feature of the rare condition that we have termed PADS. Radiologically, these lesions can have an aggressive appearance, which can mimic neoplasia. Medical management with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy improves clinical signs in the short term; however, surgical extraction of persistent deciduous and unerupted permanent teeth, and debridement of proliferative and necrotic bone appear to be necessary for an improved outcome. Additional information on long-term outcome is required.
Risk of Synchronous and Metachronous Colorectal Cancer: Population-Based Estimates in Denmark with Focus on Non-Hereditary Cases Diagnosed After Age 50
Authors: Lindberg L. J. , Ladelund S. , Bernstein I. , Therkildsen C. , Nilbert M. 
Published: September 2018

Background and Aims: The risk of synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer is influenced by heritable and environmental factors. As a basis for comparative studies, we provide population-based estimates of synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer with a focus on non-heritable cases. Material and Methods: Based on data from national Danish cancer registers, we estimated the proportion of synchronous colorectal cancer and the incidence rates and risks for metachronous colorectal cancer in 28,504 individuals, who developed 577 metachronous colorectal cancer above age 50. Results: Synchronous colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 1.3% of the cases. The risk of metachronous colorectal cancer was associated with sex, tumor location, and age with the strongest influence from the latter. The incidence rate ratios for metachronous colorectal cancer ranged from above 6 in patients below age 65 to <1–3.2 in patients above age 65. The absolute risk of metachronous colorectal cancer was ⩾10% in patients below age 65 and 1.0%–8.0% in patients above age 65. Conclusion: Individuals who develop sporadic, non-inherited colorectal cancer above age 50 are at a significantly increased risk of metachronous colorectal cancer with risk estimates that are strongly affected by age. This observation underscores the need for development of targeted surveillance in the most common clinical subset of colorectal cancer.
A Systematic Literature Review on Salvage Radiotherapy for Local or Regional Recurrence After Previous Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer
Authors: Matsuo Yukinori 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this review article was to summarize available data on the efficacy and safety of salvage radiotherapy for isolated local or regional recurrence after prior stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung cancer. Methods: Studies were systematically searched on PubMed, following which suitable papers were selected. Reported outcomes and toxicities were qualitatively reviewed. Results: Nineteen papers, which were retrospective studies based on single institution experiences, were selected. Sixteen papers were on salvage radiotherapy for local tumor recurrence, and the remaining 3 papers evaluated radiotherapy for regional failures after stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung cancer. Patient cohorts in the selected papers seemed very frail with 2-year survival of 30% to 40% after the salvage. Local control was reported to be approximately 60% to 70%, which is worse than that after primary stereotactic body radiotherapy. Reported rates of toxicity grade 3 or worse were considered acceptable. Larger target volume and central tumor localization were suggested as risk factors for severe toxicities. Dosimetric data on patients having toxicities were found to help with considering dose constraints for organs at risk. Conclusion: Based on data from a limited number of articles, salvage radiotherapy is a reasonable treatment option for select patients with local or regional tumor recurrence after prior stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung cancer. Optimal patient selection and dose prescription can be clarified with a larger study that include more data on experiences with salvage radiotherapy.
Activation of the P2X7 receptor in midbrain periaqueductal gray participates in the analgesic effect of tramadol in bone cancer pain rats
Authors: Li Pengtao , Zhang Quan , Xiao Zhi , Yu Shouyang , Yan Yan , Qin Ying 
Published: September 2018

Background Cancer pain is a well-known serious complication in metastatic or terminal cancer patients. Current pain management remains unsatisfactory. The activation of spinal and supraspinal P2X7 receptors plays a crucial role in the induction and maintenance mechanisms of various kinds of acute or chronic pain. The midbrain periaqueductal gray is a vital supraspinal site of the endogenous descending pain-modulating system. Tramadol is a synthetic, centrally acting analgesic agent that exhibits considerable efficacy in clinically relieving pain. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the activation of P2X7 receptor in the ventrolateral region of the periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) participates in the analgesic mechanisms of tramadol on bone cancer pain in rats. The bone cancer pain rat model was established by intratibial cell inoculation of SHZ-88 mammary gland carcinoma cells. The analgesic effects of different doses of tramadol (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were assessed by measuring the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency values in rats by using an electronic von Frey anesthesiometer and radiant heat stimulation, respectively. Alterations in the number of P2X7 receptor-positive cells and P2X7 protein levels in vlPAG were separately detected by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. The effect of intra-vlPAG injection of A-740003 (100 nmol), a selective competitive P2X7 receptor antagonist, on the analgesic effect of tramadol was also observed. Results The expression of P2X7 receptor in the vlPAG on bone cancer pain rats was mildly elevated, and the tramadol (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) dose dependently relieved pain-related behaviors in bone cancer pain rats and further upregulated the expression of P2X7 receptor in the vlPAG. The intra-vlPAG injection of A-740003 pretreatment partly but significantly antagonized the analgesic effect of tramadol on bone cancer pain rats. Conclusions The injection of tramadol can dose dependently elicit analgesic effect on bone cancer pain rats by promoting the expression of the P2X7 receptor in vlPAG.
Comparable efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate and teriflunomide treatment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: an Italian real-word multicenter experience
Authors: D’Amico Emanuele , Zanghì Aurora , Callari Graziella , Borriello Giovanna , Gallo Antonio , Graziano Giusi , Valentino Paola , Buccafusca Maria , Cottone Salvatore , Salemi Giuseppe , Ragonese Paolo , Bossio Roberto Bruno , Docimo Renato , Grimaldi Luigi Maria Edoardo , Pozzilli Carlo , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Zappia Mario , Patti Francesco 
Published: September 2018

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the achievement of ‘no evidence of disease activity’ (NEDA) over a 12-month period in a large multicenter population with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and teriflunomide (TRF) using a propensity-score adjustment. Methods: A time-to-event method was used to determine the percentages of patients with RRMS (pwRRMS) in both groups achieving NEDA 3 (no relapses, no 12-week confirmed disability progression, and no new T2/gadolinium-enhancing brain lesions). We described the safety profile of the investigated drugs. Results: Of the 587 pwRRMS treated with DMF and the 316 pwRRMS treated with TRF, 468 pwRRMS were successfully paired by propensity score: 234 on DMF and 234 on TRF. The percentages of pwRRMS who achieved NEDA 3 were 80.3% in the DMF group and 77.2% in the TRF group. Serious adverse events occurred in four (1.9%) pwRRMS on DMF and in three (1.3%) pwRRMS on TRF. Conclusions: DMF and TRF significantly impacted RRMS disease activity in our study. Serious safety concerns were recorded in less than 2% of the studied population.