bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated High-Intensity Effort Activity in International Male Rugby Sevens
Authors: Couderc Anthony , Gabbett Tim J. , Piscione Julien , Robineau Julien , Peeters Alexis , Igarza Germain , Thomas Claire , Hanon Christine , Lacome Mathieu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Couderc, A, Gabbett, TJ, Piscione, J, Robineau, J, Peeters, A, Igarza, G, Thomas, C, Hanon, C, and Lacome, M. Repeated high-intensity effort activity in international male Rugby Sevens. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1720–1726, 2023—Rugby Sevens is characterized by repeated high-intensity accelerations, sprinting, and collisions, commonly referred to as repeated high-intensity effort (RHIE) activity. Although repeated acceleration and sprinting activity of Rugby Sevens has been investigated, to date, no study has investigated the repeated running and collision activity of international Rugby Sevens during competitive events. In this study, 15 elite players competed in 44 matches during the HSBC World Sevens Series. Global positioning systems and match analysis software were used to quantify the frequency of repeated running and collision efforts. High acceleration (≥2.5 m·s−2), high speed (above maximal aerobic speed), sprint (above 85% of maximal sprint speed), and collision efforts (tackles, ruck, and contact) were considered as high-intensity effort activities. An RHIE bout was defined as 3 or more high-intensity efforts with less than 21 seconds recovery between efforts. The difference between positional groups (forward and backs) and first and second halves was compared using magnitude-based inferential statistics. One hundred twelve individual match observations were analyzed. On average, players performed 27 high-intensity effort events across the game. The distribution of high-intensity efforts included the following: 37% collisions, 34% accelerations, 27.5% high-velocity running, and 1.5% sprints. An average of 3.7 RHIE bouts was performed per player. The difference in high-intensity efforts and number of RHIE bouts performed were trivial/small when compared between first and second halves, and between forward and back positional groups. Repeated high-intensity effort bouts play an important role in the activity profile of elite Rugby Sevens players. This study could provide a framework for performance analysts and coaches to analyze match-related performance of elite Rugby Sevens players, taking into account both the high-intensity running and collision components of the game. Coaches should implement training interventions to ensure the maintenance of RHIE performance during competitive events.
The Arrowhead Agility Test: Reliability, Minimum Detectable Change, and Practical Applications in Soccer Players
Authors: Rago Vincenzo , Brito João , Figueiredo Pedro , Ermidis Georgios , Barreira Daniel , Rebelo António 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Rago, V, Brito, J, Figueiredo, P, Ermidis, G, Barreira, D, and Rebelo, A. The arrowhead agility test: Reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 483–494, 2020—Four independent studies were conducted to examine the utility of the arrowhead agility test (AAT) to measure change of direction (COD) capacity in soccer players, specifically, (a) intersession reliability and minimum detectable change (n = 24); (b) power-dependent abilities associated with AAT performance (n = 56); and (c) fatigue sensitivity (n = 20); differences between competitive levels and age groups (n = 264). Irrespective of the AAT outcome measure (skillful side, less-skillful side, sum of both), intersession reliability and the ability to detect changes in performance were good (ICC = 0.80–0.83; CV = 1.25–2.21%; smallest worthwhile change, 0.06–0.12 >SEM, 0.01–0.03) except for the asymmetry index. A 15-m sprint explained a significant amount of variance in COD (p < 0.01; R
2 = 0.42). Arrowhead agility test performance did not change from the prematch toward half time (p = 0.21). However, reduced COD performance was observed after an intense period in the second half and after the game, compared with prematch and half-time performance (p < 0.05; effect size [ES] = −0.85 to 0.42). Irrespective of age group, national players were more agile than regional players (p < 0.05; ES = −1.97 to −0.36). Moreover, independently of their competitive level, senior and U18 players had a better performance than U16 (p < 0.05; ES = −2.33 to −0.84), whereas no significant differences were observed between senior and U18. Percentiles were also reported in the results. The AAT is reliable to measure COD in soccer players. The test may simultaneously encompass 15-m sprint testing but should be implemented independently to countermovement jump. Furthermore, the test is sensitive to match-induced fatigue during the second half and discriminates players from different competitive levels.
Validity of an Interval Taekwondo-Specific Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test
Authors: Araujo Marcus P. , Soares Pedro P. , Hausen Matheus R. , Julio Hilbert S. , Porto Flávia , Gurgel Jonas L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Araujo, MP, Soares, PP, Hausen, MR, Julio, HS, Porto, F, and Gurgel, JL. Validity of an interval taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1956–1963, 2021—The objective of this study is to propose and validate an interval taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test (ITKDtest) and compare it with running cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and a continuous taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test (CTKDtest). Fifteen athletes (age 22 ± 4 years; body mass 71.1 ± 10.2 kg; height 178.14 ± 8.3 cm; and body mass index 22.4 ± 2.4 kg·m−2) performed CPET, CTKDtest, and ITKDtest on a counterbalanced order. Oxygen uptake (V̇o
2), heart rate (HR), and ventilatory thresholds (VTs 1 and 2) were measured during the 3 tests. ITKDtest started at 30 kicks per minute and increased 10 kicks each 2 minutes, with a period of passive recovery, lasting 1 minute. Interval protocol design simulated the temporal structure of an official taekwondo fight. Significant difference between specific tests was found for V̇o
2 VT1 (p = 0.03), V̇o
2 VT1 (%V̇o
2peak) (p = 0.009), V̇o
2 VT2 (p = 0.005), and V̇o
2 VT2 (%V̇o
2peak) (p = 0.013). Reliability was considered “excellent” for V̇o
2peak (α = 0.902; SEM = 0.179), “good” for V̇o
2 VT1 (α = 0.708; SEM = 3.823) and HRpeak (α = 0.803; SEM = 2.987), and “fair” for V̇o
2 VT2 (α = 0.659; SEM = 4.498) and HR VT2 (α = 0.580; SEM = 8.868). Bland-Altman analyses reported a mean difference of 2.9 ± 6.6 ml·kg−1·min−1 (CPET-ITKDtest) and 1.4 ± 6.1 ml·kg−1·min−1 (CTKDtest-ITKDtest). ITKDtest may be used for measurement of cardiorespiratory variables commonly used in exercise prescription, whereas CTKDtest seems to be a more appropriate method to assess V̇o
2 and HR at VTs.
Summary: The National Strength and Conditioning Association Position Statement on Long-Term Athletic Development
Authors: Howard Rick , Eisenmann Joey C. , Moreno Anthony 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
LONG-TERM ATHLETIC DEVELOPMENT (LTAD) IS A CRADLE-TO-GRAVE FRAMEWORK FOR PROVIDING DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE PHYSICAL, PSYCHOSOCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND TACTICAL ELEMENTS OF SPORTS PARTICIPATION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. LTAD SHOULD PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL ATHLETICISM TO ENHANCE PHYSICAL LITERACY, MINIMIZE INJURY RISK, AND FOSTER LIFETIME HEALTH AND WELLNESS. MISSING FROM PREVIOUS MODELS OF LTAD IS THE CRITICAL NEED FOR DEVELOPMENTAL GUIDANCE ON THE PHYSICAL COMPONENT OF TRAINING YOUTH. THE NATIONAL STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING ASSOCIATION (NSCA) POSITION STATEMENT ON LTAD ADDRESSES THE PHYSICAL COMPONENT OF TRAINING YOUTH TO PROMOTE PHYSICAL LITERACY.
KARAKTERISTIK SOSIS BERBAHAN BAKU CAMPURAN JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN OTAK SAPI
Authors: Prisilia Fiola Hamanda , Praptinngsih Yhulia , Fauziah Rizka Rian 
Published: January 2019

sage is a processed product which have meat as its main ingredients and the extender ingredients are binders, filler, sugar, salt and also seasoning then mixed and put it into a casing. Commonly sausage use meat as its raw ingredient.The expensive price of meat will cause the price of sausage also increasing, so then an innovation to use another main ingredients as the alternative of meat that is cheaper, such as white oyster mushroom. Oyster mushroom have protein and fiber but also contain low level of fat, so it need to increase of fat content by cow’s brain. Cow’s brain have high of fat content so that it will be useful to increase the fat content in the oyster mushroom mixed with cow brain sausage. The purpose of this experiment is to find the right ratio in the process of mixing white oyster mushroom with cow brain. This experiment was conducted by the Complete Randomized Design. The treatment was ratio of oyster mushroom and cow brain it had 5 levels. The oyster mushroom and cow brain ratio are P1 (90:10); P2 (80:20); P3 (70:30); P4 (60:40); P5(50:50). The parameter of the observation are texture, colour, cooking loss,apperance of the slice, moisture content, fat content, and sensoric properties was the preference of colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall. The best treatment was analysis of proximate test. Based on effectiveness test from this research, the best formulation was on P5 treatment (oyster mushroom and cow meat ratio 50:50). The sausage had score of texture of 63 g/1,5mm; color 57,59; cooking loss 7,11%; moisture content 60,31%; fat content 4,22%; protein content 21,05%; ash content 2,08%; carbohydrate content 12,34%; preference of colour, smell, texture, taste and overall was 5,7;6,36;5,36;5,75;5,92 (neutral- a bit of contentment).
Keywords: sausage, oyster mushrooms, cow’s brain, ratio
KARAKTERISASI SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN SENSORIS BIHUN BERBAHAN TEPUNG KOMPOSIT GANYONG (Canna edulis) DAN KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Jumanah Jumanah , Windrati Wiwik Siti , Maryanto Maryanto 
Published: January 2019

Vermicelli is a processed product with yarn forms which are made from rice flour. Canna flour can replace the main ingredient of rice flour in making vermicelli. The manufacture of vermicelli flour composite requires protein ingredients such as mung bean flour to increase the protein content of vermicelli. The purpose of this study is to determine the good ratio of manufacture of vermicelli made from canna and mung bean composite flour and knowing the best formulation based on the most preferred of vermicelli. The research is using Completely Random Design (CRD) one factor method that is canna flour and mung bean flour substitution with five variations treatments that is Controls (vermicelli rice commercial), P1 (60%:5%:35%), P2 (50%:15%:35%), P3 (40%:25%:35%), P4 (30%:35%:35%), P5 (20%:45%:35%). This research results indicate that the of canna flour and mung bean ratio effected on ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate, color, rehydration, elasticity and organoleptic , but did not effected on moisture content, taste, flavor and overall. Vermicelli favored pains on P4 treatment (30%: 35%: 35%) produced had value of preferences color 5.46 (netral), flavor 5.46 (neutral), taste 5.23 (nettral), texture 5.92 (netral), overall 5.92. Chemical properties of moisture content 9.85%, ash content 0.05%, fat content 1.74%, protein content 9.83%, carbohydrate content 78.60%, and color (lightness) 54,94 , elasticity 7.32 %and power of Rehydration 24.77%.
Keywords: vermicelli, canna flour, mung bean flour, tapioca
KARAKTERISASI ES KRIM EDAMAME DENGAN VARIASI JENIS DAN JUMLAH PENSTABIL
Authors: Istiqomah Kamalia , Praptiningsih Yhulia , Windrati Wiwik Siti 
Published: January 2019

Ice cream is a frozen dessert usually made from dairy products such as milk and often combined with other ingredients which made by freezing and agitation. Edamame can be make to vegetable milk as raw material of ice cream. The production of ice cream need stabilizer to get the good properties of ice cream. The purpose of this research were determine the type and amout of stabilizer to produce the good properties and preference of ice cream. This research conducted by Completely randomized design (CRD) with two factor. The first factor were types of stabilizer ( karagenan and CMC) and the second factor were amount of stabilizer (0,2%; 0,4%;0,6%). The parameter observation were overrun, brightness, melting rate, textur, and preference colour, taste, flavor, texture and overall of ice cream. The best tratment was determined by effectiveness test. The best result was obtained on ice cream with stabililizer CMC 0,4%. The ice cream had overrun 24,51%, brightness 80,30, melting rate 38,01 %/15 minute and texture 11,7 mm/10 seconds and the preference value of colour 4,08 (rather like to like) ; flavour 4,60(netral up to rather like); taste 6,05 (like to very like); texture 6,12 (like to very like); overall 5,84 (rather like to like).
Keywords: carrageenan ice cream, edamame, stabilizer, CMC
ANALISIS SWOT: FAKTOR INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL PADA PENGEMBANGAN USAHA GULA MERAH TEBU (Studi Kasus di UKM Bumi Asih, Kabupaten Bondowoso)
Authors: Subaktilah Yani , Kuswardani Nita , Yuwanti Sih 
Published: January 2019

One product from the sugar cane is brown sugar cane. ‘UKM Bumi Asih’ is one of the producer of the sugar cane in Bondowoso Regency. Brown sugar cane has potential prospect to developed because it can be used to any purposed (for household needs and beverage industries). This study was aimed to identify the internal and external factors that affected business development of brown sugar cane. The study were used the methods of internal factor evaluation (IFE) and eksternal factor evaluation (EFE). Internal factor analysis was performed to identify the company's internal strengths that can be used and anticipated weaknesses. External factor analysis was conducted to identify opportunities that can be exploited and threats that can be avoided. The scores output from matrix IFE and EFE were all categorized with total score 2.812 for internal factors and 3.0315 for external factor. Both scores were above 2.5 which meas that the internal position was strong enough. So its has the ability above the average to take advantage of the power and opportunities to anticipated the internal weakness and the threats.
Keywords: brown sugar cane, eksternal factor, internal factor
KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA BUAH STROBERI BERDASARKAN MASA SIMPAN DENGAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA
Authors: Utari Rizky Ramadani Dwi , Soedibyo Dedy Wirawan , Purbasari Dian 
Published: January 2019

In the storage processes strawberries experiencesdetrimental changes so that they can affect the quality of fruit. This change can be detected by testing the physical and chemical properties in particular shelf life period. In generally the measurement of physical and chemical properties are done manually andcausing damage to the object being observed (destructive method). Based on description above, it is necessary to measure non-destructive method using digital image processing. This study aimed to identify the relationship between physical and chemical propertiesvariables and image quality variables (area, height, widht, perimeter red index andblue index) based on 0, 1, and 2 days shelf life using an image processing program. The sample used in this study were 155 pieces strawberry from A quality. The strawberry image was taken by using a CCD camerathen extracted using SharpDevelop 4.2 software. Physical and chemical properties of the strawberry were measured using digital O'hauss pioneer scales, penetrometer, refractometer and pH meter to obtain data on weight, hardness, total dissolved solids and acidity (pH). Correlation test results indicated from strong to very strong relationship between physical and chemical properties variablesand image quality variables with a range of correlation coefficient values from 0,725 to 1,000. Image quality variables that could be used as input for estimating shelf life was blue index, with validation test resulted 87,7%total accuracy.
Keywords: characteristics, chemical, image processing, physical, shelf life, strawberry
PENERAPAN KEAMANAN DAN SANITASI PANGAN PADA PRODUKSI MINUMAN SEHAT KACANG-KACANGAN UMKM JUKAJO SUKSES MULIA DI KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Rianti Angelina , Christopher Alvin , Lestari Devi , El Kiyat Warsono 
Published: January 2019

Food contamination is not desired by producers or consumers. Safety factor is important in order to prevent side effects due to food contamination that can endanger health. Contamination in food occurs from small to large industries. Sanitation also plays an important role in many industries including the food industry. The research subject was a home industry of beans-based healthy drinks (BBHD), such as mung beans, soybeans, and red beanss drinks at Jukajo Sukses Mulia home industry in Tangerang Regency. This study was conducted to determine the level of security, sanitation, and sources of contamination in the BBHD industry Tangerang Regency. This study was carried out through observation and interview with the owner and the workers of Jukajo Sukses Mulia home industry. The result showed that the level of security and sanitation in the production environment was quite good. The potential source of contamination in the production process was the hygiene of the employees and the cleanliness of the production equipment. The critical control points were be located in filling, chilling, and storing processes. Total plate count value of mung beans, soybeans, and cashwes drinks were too numerous to count (TNTC), 3 x 103, and 2 x 102CFU/ml, respectively.
Keywords: food safety, healthy drink, home industry, sanitation
STABILITAS, TOTAL POLIFENOL, DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN MIKROEMULSI EKSTRAK CASCARA (TEH KULIT KOPI) MENGGUNAKAN MINYAK KELAPA DAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Yuwanti Sih , Lindriati Triana , Anggraeni Renny Dwi 
Published: January 2019

Coffe cherry tea or cascara contained the compound of polyphenol class such as tannin, flavanol, flavan-3-ol, hydrazine acid, antosianin. The compound is very sensitive to oxygen and light because it is easily oxidized. Microemulsions can control both the active ingredient and can protect the active component from undesirable oxidation. Mikoemulsions is composed of water, oil, and food surfactant. Vegetable oil sources that can be applied in microemulsion are coconut oil and palm oil. The addition of cascara extract to microemulsion is expected to provide functional value of microemultion. However, the addition of cascara extract in microemulsion formulation affected the stability of microemulsion system. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of oil and cascara to stability of microemulsion, content of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity of microemulsion. The result showed that the kinds of oil variation given significantly effect for the microemulsion stability. The palm oil resulted the higher absorbance than coconut oil. The concentration of cascara extract had significantly effect for the microemulsion stability. The variation of cascara extract increased the absorbance value and significantly effect to the polyphenol total and antioxidant activity.
Keywords: cascara, coconut oil, lecithin, microemultion, palm oil, tween 80
ESKİ ŞAİR MEKTUPLARINDA DUA GELENEĞİ
Authors: HAKSEVER Halil İbrahim 
Published: January 2019

Türk edebiyatında çeşitli niteliklerde yazılmış
mektup türleri eski kaynaklarımızda kayıtlıdır.Özellikle Münşeat
mecmualarımızda şair veya münşilerimizin kaleme aldığı, sanatlı nesirle yazılmış
çok sayıda mektup örnekleri bulunmaktadır.Münşeatlarda kayıtlı bu metinlerde
bir takım yazı usul ve kuralları kullanılmış, yazarlar bu ‘yazı edepleri’ne çok
dikkat etmişlerdir.Kâtipler için gerekli bu yazışma bilgilerini öğretmek
amacıyla ilk dönemlerden itibaren didaktik eserler kaleme alındığı
bilinmektedir. Şahıslara veya resmî makamlara hitaben yazılan bu metinler,
münşeatlarda ‘inşa’ adıyla yer almışlardır. Bu mektuplar, şair/münşilerin
kalemlerinden adeta sanat örnekleri olarak çıkmış, şiir kadar olmasa bile, bir
hüner gösterme aracına dönüşmüşlerdir.Eski Türk edebiyatında yerleşmiş bir
geleneği olan mektuplarda ihmal edilmeyen bir kural da, şekli değişmekle
birlikte muhataplara yapılan dualardır.Yazılan her türden mektupta –kişilere göre değişse bile- ya
Arapça-Farsça-Türkçe veya sadece Türkçe ibarelerle dua cümleleri bulunmaktadır.

Bu makalede, eski şair/münşilerin kaleme aldığı
farklı muhtevalardaki mektuplarda geçen dua cümleleri verilip kimlere, hangi
üslûplarla dua edildiği gösterilecek; bu dua ibareleri dillerine göre farklı
özellikleriyle tasnif edileceklerdir.Alıntı yaptığımız kişiler şairlerle
sınırlı olsa da, örnekler, klasik edebiyatımızda yerleşmiş geleneği olan mektup
yazma adabını temsil eder niteliktedir. Verilen dua metinleri, yazma eser
kütüphanelerimizde kayıtlı çeşitli münşeat nüshalarından derlenmişlerdir.
TELEVİZYON REKLAMLARINDA NOSTALJİK TEMALAR
Authors: ALSAÇ Fevziye 
Published: January 2019

Reklam,
çeşitli temalar etrafında hedef kitlenin kültürel algılarıyla oluşturulmuş ürün
veya hizmet tanıtımıdır. Reklam senaryoları üretici ve tüketici arasında
iletişim sağlayarak her iki grubun beklentilerini karşılamak gayesiyle yazılır.
Kültür, bir milletin/toplumun maddî ve manevî değerlerinin tümü olarak yaygın
ve geniş bir kullanıma sahiptir. Kültür, toplumları/grupları etkileyen yaptırım
gücü bulunan etkileşim ve etkilenme alanıdır. Reklam senaryosunda hedef
kitlenin değerlerini oluşturan kültürel kodlar, ürünün/hizmetin nasıl ve ne
şekilde sunulacağını belirleyen etkili bir yürütücüdür. Televizyon reklamları, ürünün/hizmetin kültürel aktarım yoluyla
hatırlanmasını sağlar. Kültürel aktarım sosyal olarak öğrenilen bilgilerin
aktarılması süreç ve yöntemidir. Nostaljik temalar kültürel aktarım ve kodların
yoğun olduğu toplum odaklı sosyal bir ortamdır. Nostalji sözcüğü geçmişte kalan güzelliklere
olan özlem duygusu ve bu duygunun baskın bir duruma gelmesidir. Nostalji,
özlenen ve kişide/toplumda rahatlama oluşturan bir kültürel bellek mekânıdır.
Reklam sektörü nostaljinin, kişi/toplum üzerindeki bu olumlu etkisini
kullanarak ürün veya hizmet tanıtımını yapar. Nostaljik tema, dönüş ve hatırlama etkisini tüketici üzerinde
kullanarak anılar belleği ve ürün arasında koda dönüştürür. Bu çalışmada
televizyon reklamlarında kullanılan nostaljik tema bağlamı değerlendirilmiştir.
Nostaljik temanın tüketici-ürün koduyla yarattığı etki rahatlama kuramı
ilişkisiyle işlenmiştir. Nostaljik temaların yorumlanışına örnek olarak Ziraat
Bankası ve Coca-Cola içecek markasının reklam senaryoları seçilmiştir.