bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can a University Reproductive Medicine Centre Be Financed Under the Pre-Existing General Conditions in Germany?
Authors: Hildebrandt Thomas , Oversohl Nicola , Dittrich Ralf , Lotz Laura , Beckmann Matthias , Lux Michael 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Reduced resources for financing healthcare services are available to the German health system. For this reason, demographic development represents one of the greatest challenges for the German health system. Reproductive medicine can offer potential solutions and counteract the ageing of the population through an increase in the birth rate. Most reproductive medical treatments take place in private centres. For the development of new, innovative therapeutic approaches, continuing education and scientific advancement, university centres are essential.
Materials and Methods Using multistage contribution margin accounting, IVF and ICSI treatments at the University Fertility Centre Franken (UFF) were investigated in 2012. The cost situation from the perspective of the patient couple and the statutory payer were contrasted with the cost and revenue situation of the service provider as a university reproductive medicine centre.
Results The costs for the patient couple for an IVF treatment cycle were 538.71 € and for an ICSI cycle, 700.07 €. For the payer, the costs, including the university flat rate (194.80 €) to be paid, amount to 733.51 € for an IVF cycle and 894.87 € for an ICSI cycle. The payments of the patient couple and the payer were added and this yielded total costs of 1272.22 € and 1594.94 €. The University Fertility Centre Franken, as a part of the Department of Gynaecology of the Erlangen University Hospital, incurred costs of 1364.47 € for an IVF treatment cycle and 1423.48 € for an ICSI treatment cycle. In addition, the OB/GYN clinic had to pay the university hospital a flat general expense rate of 14.9% of the income. There was thus a loss for the department of gynaecology of 281.81 € for an IVF cycle and 66.19 € for an ICSI cycle.
Discussion From the perspective of a university reproductive medicine centre, IVF and ICSI treatments currently cannot be performed in a cost-covering manner. At the same time, a reproductive medicine treatment cycle represents a significant financial burden on the patient couple due to only partial cost coverage by most statutory health insurance funds. This therefore demonstrates a need for action in health policy to revise and, in the interest of the patient couples, reproductive medicine centres and, not least of all, in the interest of society, to improve existing cost absorption policies and thus also benefit from this as a society over the long term.
A prospective multicenter observational study evaluating the risk of periendoscopic events in patients using anticoagulants: the Osaka GIANT Study
Authors: Inoue Takuya , Iijima Hideki , Yamada Takuya , Okuyama Yuji , Takahashi Kanae , Nishida Tsutomu , Ishihara Ryu , Akasaka Tomofumi , Kobayashi Ichizo , Kuroshima Toshio , Yasunaga Yuichi , Yamamoto Katsumi , Nakahara Masanori , Doi Yoshinori , Nakajima Sachiko , Mukai Akira , Masuda Eiji , Yoshii Shunsuke , Hayashi Yoshito , Minamiguchi Hitoshi , Sakata Yasushi , Yamamoto Kouji , Tsujii Masahiko , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims An increasing number of patients have been using anticoagulants including anti-vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs); however, in patients using anticoagulants, limited data are available with regard to the risks of gastrointestinal bleeding and thromboembolic events during the peri-endoscopic period. We aimed to evaluate the peri-endoscopic bleeding and thrombotic risks in patients administered VKAs or DOACs.
Patients and methods Consecutive patients using anticoagulants who underwent endoscopic biopsy, mucosal resection, or submucosal dissection were prospectively enrolled across 11 hospitals. The primary outcome assessed was difference in incidence of post-procedural gastrointestinal bleeding in patients using VKAs and DOACs. Duration of hospitalization and peri-procedural thromboembolic events were also compared.
Results We enrolled 174 patients using VKAs and 37 using DOACs. In total, 16 patients using VKA were excluded from the analysis because of cancellation of endoscopic procedures and contraindications to the use of DOACs; 128 (81 %) patients using VKAs and 17 (46 %) using DOACs received heparin-bridging therapy (HB). The rate of post-procedural gastrointestinal bleeding in DOAC users was similar to that in VKA users (16.2 % vs. 16.4 %, P = 1.000). Duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in patients using VKAs than in those using DOACs (median 15 vs. 7 days, P < 0.0001). Myocardial infarction occurred during pre-endoscopic HB in one patient using VKAs.
Conclusion DOAC administration showed similar post-procedural gastrointestinal bleeding risk to VKA administration in patients undergoing endoscopic procedures, but it shortened the hospital stay.
Kognitive Defizite der Elektrokonvulsionstherapie bei Depressionen: Moderierende Variablen und neuropsychologische Testverfahren
Authors: Margittai Zsofia , Yardimci Tugba , Marin Dominik , Kamp Daniel , Cordes Joachim , Kujovic Milenko 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der hohen Wirksamkeit der Elektrokonvulsionstherapie (EKT) in der leitliniengerechten Behandlung therapieresistenter depressiver Episoden und der klinischen Bedeutung kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen ist eine Optimierung des Nebenwirkungsmanagements notwendig. Da kognitive Nebenwirkungen des Verfahrens in Verbindung mit krankheitsbedingten Beeinträchtigungen das soziale Funktionsniveau und das subjektive Wohlbefinden reduzieren können, sollten eine umfassende Aufklärung und ein spezifisches Monitoring potenzieller kognitiver Nebenwirkungen erfolgen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit stellt die klinische Relevanz und die Messverfahren kognitiver Nebenwirkungen dar, die bei einer EKT-Behandlung auftreten können. Es wird diskutiert, welche patientenindividuellen, technischen und pharmakologischen Faktoren die Auswirkung der EKT auf die Kognition moderieren können. Ferner werden die Empfehlungen hinsichtlich des Monitorings kognitiver Nebenwirkungen in nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien zusammengefasst. Bei der EKT werden Beeinträchtigungen der globalen Kognition sowie anterograde und retrograde Gedächtnisstörungen beobachtet. In den ersten beiden Bereichen scheinen diese nur vorübergehend von Bedeutung zu sein, wohingegen das Ausmaß der retrograden Gedächtnisdefizite, darunter vor allem das des autobiografischen Gedächtnisses, nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand nicht klar definiert ist und potenziell länger anhaltend beeinträchtigt sein kann. Ein kontroverses Thema ist diesbezüglich auch die Frage nach geeigneten Testverfahren zur Erfassung dieser Funktionen, um die Dauer möglicher Leistungsabfälle und den Schweregrad ermitteln zu können. Im klinischen Kontext finden hierbei unterschiedliche Verfahren Verwendung, teilweise wird eine Symptomgraduierung aufgrund von Zeitmangel oder methodischer Unsicherheit nicht durchgeführt. Die vorliegenden nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien machen sehr unterschiedliche Vorgaben, wie die kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen im Laufe der Therapie beobachtet und dokumentiert werden sollen. Im deutschen Sprachraum werden keine konkreten Handlungsempfehlungen zur Erfassung von kognitiven Nebenwirkungen erteilt. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine Überarbeitung der aktuellen Leitlinien empfohlen sowie weiterer Forschungsbedarf identifiziert, um die Erfassung und das Monitoring der Nebenwirkungen zu verbessern und Patienten mit einer erhöhten Anfälligkeit zu identifizieren.
Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Diseases: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Application
Authors: Urban Sabine , Mocan Tudor , Sänger Hanna , Lukacs-Kornek Veronika , Kornek Miroslaw 
Published: January 2019

AbstractExtracellular vesicles, comprising exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, represent an emerging field in disease diagnostics and prognosis. They can be isolated from peripheral blood of patients as well as from other body fluids and can therefore be considered a minimally invasive liquid biopsy screening tool. Especially their surface antigen composition can reveal information about disease backgrounds. For several liver diseases, including fatal hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma as well as other nonmalignant liver disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, or acute liver failure, it has been shown that extracellular vesicle (EV) surface profiling can be useful for disease diagnosis and prognosis. This review focuses on latest advances in these areas to improve liver disorder detection and management. Additionally, the authors will discuss possible therapeutic applications of EVs in liver diseases, which might be a potent treatment option in the future.
Impact of Telemedicine Tools on Record Keeping and Compliance in Haemophilia Care
Authors: Banchev A. , Goldmann G. , Marquardt N. , Klein C. , Horneff S. , Langenkamp R. , Frankenberger T. , Oldenburg J. 
Published: January 2019

Background Record keeping is integral to home treatment for haemophilia. Issues with paper diaries include questionable compliance, data validity and quality. Implementation of electronic diaries (e-diaries) in haemophilia patients could improve documentation of home treatment.
Aim This article evaluates the effects of an e-diary, Haemoassist, on recording and patient compliance with therapy.
Patients and Methods An explorative study was used to assess the sequential use of paper diaries and e-diaries by 99 patients with severe haemophilia A or B and 1 with severe factor VII deficiency. Median age was 41 years. Information was obtained from paper records for 3 years preceding the introduction of an electronic record system and the first 6 to 12 months of Haemoassist use. Data from the 3-year period were averaged. Missing data for rounded 12 months of e-diary use were extrapolated to correspond to a full year.
Results Enhancement of 23% in record delivery was observed for the period of Haemoassist use (p = 0.013). Twenty-one percent increase in patients’ compliance for data reporting (from 65% 35 to 86% 22, p = 0.003) and 16% increase for documentation of bleedings (from 68 to 84% of patients, p = 0.01) were detected. Compliance to prescribed therapy of patients for the whole studied period improved by 6% (from 82% ± 29 to 88% ± 25, p = 0.05). Major advances were demonstrated predominantly in the age groups of between 13 and 20 and 21 and 40 years.
Conclusion e-Diaries' use enables improved recording of information about patients' home treatment and bleeding episodes. Enhanced compliance with therapy may be a further benefit.
Inflammation and Liver Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Yang Yoon , Kim So , Seki Ekihiro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with chronic inflammation and fibrosis arising from different etiologies, including hepatitis B and C and alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. The inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 and their downstream targets nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 drive inflammation-associated HCC. Further, while adaptive immunity promotes immune surveillance to eradicate early HCC, adaptive immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, Th17 cells, and B cells, can also stimulate HCC development. Thus, the role of the hepatic immune system in HCC development is a highly complex topic. This review highlights the role of cytokine signals, NF-κB, JNK, innate and adaptive immunity, and hepatic stellate cells in HCC and discusses whether these pathways could be therapeutic targets. The authors will also discuss cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis because biliary inflammation and tumor-associated stroma are essential for cholangiocarcinoma development and because primary tumor-derived inflammatory mediators promote the formation of a “premetastasis niche” in the liver.
Reliability of the Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis Score in Clinical Practice
Authors: Vilanova Sanchez Alejandra , Triana Junco Paloma , Barrena S. , De Ceano-Vivas María , Jimenez Gomez Javier , Andres Moreno Ane , Lopez Santamaria Manuel , Martinez Leopoldo , Dore Mariela 
Published: January 2019

Introduction There is a lack of an agreed Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) definition. In 2009, a HAEC score was proposed for the diagnosis of HAEC episodes. Our aim was to apply the HAEC score on HAEC episodes to determine its diagnostic efficiency and whether it correlated to its severity.
Methods Retrospective study of patients with HAEC admitted between 2000 and 2016. Episodes of HAEC were identified and the HAEC score was calculated. A cut-off of ≥ 10 according to Pastor et al and ≥ 4 according to Frykman et al were used. A Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed for outcome variable: length-of-stay (LOS).
Results Note that 21/93 (22.6%) patients with Hirschsprung's disease presented 50 HAEC episodes with a median of 2 (1–5) episodes during an 8.3-year (2–15.6) follow-up. The most common symptoms were foul-smelling (86% [43/50]) and explosive (60% [30/50]) diarrhea. Physical findings showed a distended abdomen (76% [38/50]) and fever (60% [30/50]) with dilated bowel (82% [41/50]) and rectosigmoid cut-off (80% [40/50]) identified on X-rays. Only 34% (17/50) showed abnormal laboratory findings. Patients were admitted with a median LOS of 7 days (1–28). A HAEC score of 9 (2–16) was found, and only 50% (25/50) of patients met the initial criteria (score of 10 points). However, the use of a 4-point cut-off would have allowed the diagnosis of 98% (49/50) of the patients. A positive linear correlation was found for LOS and HAEC score (r = 0.3, p = 0.014).
Conclusion There is no standardized definition for HAEC. The initial HAEC score cut-off is restrictive and might fail to identify milder episodes. The positive correlation with LOS and thus HAEC severity might aid in patient information and anticipation of treatment.
The Effect of Minocycline on Fat Graft Survival and Apoptotic Pathway
Authors: Güney Kırdar , Özel Bora , Seymen Cemile , Elmas Çiğdem , Tuncer Serhan , Çenetoğlu Seyhan , Tatar Sedat 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVariable absorption rate is one of the biggest problems of fat grafting and one of the most important causes of fat graft volume loss is apoptosis. Minocycline is a tetracycline derivative and besides its antibacterial capacity, it has been widely using for anti-apoptotic effects. This study was designed to investigate the effect of minocycline on fat graft survival and adipocyte apoptosis. A total of two main and eight subgroups were designed and a total of 48 experimental animals, 6 in each group, were used. Fat grafts are obtained from Wistar albino rats and implanted to dorsal area of rats. Local and systemic minocycline was applied in the study groups. On the 9th day, apoptotic cells were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method and on the 90th day morphologic characteristics and viability of adipocytes were evaluated using histologic and immunohistochemical methods and statistically compared. This study revealed that the fat grafts were bigger, and they kept their structures better and they were more vascular in the minocycline groups and apoptosis was significantly lower in the minocycline groups. The authors demonstrated that minocycline increases fat graft survival and statistical improvement in apoptosis inhibition via using minocycline therapy has been shown.
Impact of Rolandic Epilepsy on Language, Cognitive, and Behavioral Functioning in Children: A Review
Authors: Premchand Angie , Tops Wim 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe objective of this narrative review was to investigate how the clinical aspects, such as age-at-onset, epilepsy duration, centrotemporal spikes, spike location, and seizure frequency, affect various domains of language, cognition, and behavior in children with benign childhood epilepsy. Data were collected using various research databases, including Wiley Online Library, PubMed Central, Elsevier ClinicalKey, and Springer Complete Journals. Keywords such as “Benign Childhood Epilepsy” or “BECTS and language impairment” were used among other terms. Case reports, meta-analyses, and reviews were excluded. Children with benign childhood epilepsy are mainly impaired in semantic processing (receptive language), working memory, attention/inhibitory control, complex visuospatial skills, and social skills. Functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals not only structural abnormalities, but also alterations in language, sensorimotor, attentional, and social networks, suggesting long-term consequences. It so seems that the occurrence of centrotemporal spikes (with or without seizures), especially at a young age (below 6 years) and for an extended period of time, is the most meaningful contributor to the language, cognitive, and behavioral deficits in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), while the distribution of centrotemporal spikes (left, right, bilateral) seems of only little significance.
α-Synuclein O-GlcNAcylation alters aggregation and toxicity, revealing certain residues as potential inhibitors of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Levine Paul M. , Galesic Ana , Balana Aaron T. , Mahul-Mellier Anne-Laure , Navarro Mariana X. , De Leon Cesar A. , Lashuel Hilal A. , Pratt Matthew R. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Preventing the aggregation of toxic proteins in neurodegenerative diseases is both an important biological function and a potential therapeutic strategy. Here, we examine the consequences of O-GlcNAcylation on the aggregation and toxicity of α-synuclein, the aggregating protein in Parkinson’s disease. α-Synuclein is modified by O-GlcNAc at at least nine different positions in vivo, but the consequences of most of these modifications are unknown. Here, we use synthetic protein chemistry to prepare six different O-GlcNAcylated forms of α-synuclein and show that they have largely inhibitory, but site-specific, effects on the aggregation and cellular toxicity of this protein. These results suggest that O-GlcNAc may be a cellular strategy to prevent protein aggregation, which could potentially be exploited for treatment.
A folding switch regulates interleukin 27 biogenesis and secretion of its α-subunit as a cytokine
Authors: Müller Stephanie I. , Friedl Antonie , Aschenbrenner Isabel , Esser-von Bieren Julia , Zacharias Martin , Devergne Odile , Feige Matthias J. 
Published: January 2019

SignificanceInterleukins are small secreted proteins that drive immune cell communication. Understanding how cells produce interleukins is thus key for decoding and modulating immune responses. Our study elucidates the molecular mechanisms of interleukin 27 (IL-27) biosynthesis, a key cytokine in control of autoimmunity and infections. IL-27 is composed of two subunits, α and β. In humans, these have to assemble to form bioactive IL-27, whereas in mice, IL-27α can be secreted alone, modulating immune reactions and reducing sepsis-related mortality. Strikingly, differences in a single amino acid regulate IL-27α secretion. Using our molecular insights, we engineer a more human-like IL-27 system in mice and design a secretion-competent and functional human IL-27α subunit. This may provide an approach toward treating inflammatory diseases.
LncRNA17A regulates autophagy and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cell line as anin vitromodel for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Xinhua , Zhang Min , Liu Hengfang 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTConsiderable evidence suggest that a variety of Long-non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are widely implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of LncRNA 17A in an in vitro model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD cell model was established by treating the SH-SY5Y cells with amyloid β peptide 1-42, and then the cells were transfected with 17A shRNA and pcDNA-17A. Apoptosis, migration, invasion and ELISA assays were performed to investigate the effect of differentiated 17A expression level on AD cell line. It was determined that 17A-overexpressing promotes autophagy, induces neurodegenration and deactivates GABAB signaling. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the dysregulation of LncRNA 17A was involved in cellular functions and biological processes of neuroblastoma cells in an AD cell model, shedding light on the diagnostic value and therapeutic potential of LncRNA 17A for AD intervention.
Compliance Technology and Self-enforcing Agreements
Authors: Harstad Bård , Lancia Francesco , Russo Alessia 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper analyzes a game in which countries repeatedly make emission and technology investment decisions. We derive the best equilibrium, that is, the Pareto-optimal subgame-perfect equilibrium, when countries are insufficiently patient for folk theorems to be relevant. Relative to the first best, the best equilibrium requires countries to overinvest in technologies that are green, that is, strategic substitutes for polluting, but to underinvest in adaptation and brown technologies, that is, strategic complements to polluting. Technological transfers and spillovers might discourage investments but can be necessary to motivate compliance with emissions when countries are heterogeneous.
Neutrophil-to-Monocyte-Plus-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Potential Marker for Discriminating Pulmonary Tuberculosis from Nontuberculosis Infectious Lung Diseases
Authors: Jeon You La , Lee Woo-In , Kang So Young , Kim Myeong Hee 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether NMLR has more statistical strength than NLR in discriminating TB from non-TB infectious lung diseases.MethodsAmong patients who underwent 3 or more TB culture tests with molecular study between January 2016 and December 2017, 110 patients with TB, and 159 patients diagnosed with non-TB infectious lung diseases were enrolled. The original complete blood count (CBC) parameters and modified CBC indices, including NLR and NMLR, were analyzed.ResultsThe NLR and NMLR were significantly lower in TB patients than in patients with other infectious lung diseases. However, the area under the curve (AUC) for NMLR (0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86–0.93) was significantly greater than that for NLR (0.88 [0.84–0.92]).ConclusionsThe neutrophil-to-monocyte-plus-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR) can be used as a new index that is more powerful than neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in discriminating tuberculosis (TB) from non-TB infectious lung diseases.NMLR had more statistical strength than NLR in discriminating TB from non-TB infectious lung diseases.