bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint optimal production planning and proactive maintenance policy for a system subject to degradation
Authors: Wang Lin , Lu Zhiqiang , Han Xiaole 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThis paper integrates condition-based maintenance (CBM) with production planning in a single-stage production system that deteriorates with usage during a specified finite planning horizon. The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated production and maintenance model to minimize the expected total cost over the horizon.Design/methodology/approachA joint production planning and CBM model is proposed. In the model, a set of products must be produced in lots. The system degradation is a stationary gamma process and the degradation level is detected by inspection between production lots. Maintenance actions including imperfect preventive maintenance (PM) should be taken when the failure risk exceeds the maintenance threshold. A fix-iterative heuristic algorithm is proposed to address the joint model.FindingsThe proactive policy expressed as a prognosis maintenance threshold is introduced to integrate CBM with batch production perfectly. Experiments are carried out to conduct sensitivity analysis, which provides some insights to facilitate industrial manufacturing. The superiority of the proposed joint model compared with a separate decision method is demonstrated. The results show an advantage in cost saving.Originality/valueFew studies have been made to integrate production planning and CBM decisions, especially for a multi-product system. Their maintenance decisions are usually based on a periodic review policy, which is not appropriate for batch production system. A prognosis maintenance threshold based on system condition and production quantity is suitable for the integrated decisions. Moreover, the imperfect PM is taken into consideration in this paper. A fix-iterative algorithm is developed to solve the joint model. This work forms a proactive maintenance for batch production.
Positioning, conflict, and dialogue in management teams
Authors: Hirvonen Pasi 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of social positioning and interpersonal conflicts in management teams. This paper utilizes positioning theory to analyze team conflicts by combining microlevel interaction analysis and explicit, meso-level team research in the context of managerial work.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on an analysis of 34 conflict episodes that occurred during management board meetings conducted by two Finnish public research institutions. By analyzing naturally occurring interactions and video material, this paper presents a discursive analysis of conflict from the perspective of positioning theory, focusing on local moral orders, social positions and the construction of dialogue.FindingsThis study’s findings illuminate how team conflicts may be understood in terms of positioning theory, as well as how positioning is connected to managing conflicts and constructing either degenerative or generative dialogue in teams. The present study indicates possibilities for applying positioning theory as a methodological tool when studying team interactions and dialogue.Practical implicationsThe study offers practical implications regarding team conflict management. By developing an understanding of the positioning dynamics of managers and other team members, one can help create constructive and generative dialogue in teams.Originality/valueFrom a methodological perspective, this paper presents a novel approach to the study of team conflicts and outlines several suggestions regarding the theoretical approach in the analysis of team interaction and dynamics.
Tropicalisation of temperate reefs: Implications for ecosystem functions and management actions
Authors: Vergés Adriana , McCosker Erin , Mayer‐Pinto Mariana , Coleman Melinda A. , Wernberg Thomas , Ainsworth Tracy , Steinberg Peter D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Temperate reefs from around the world are becoming tropicalised, as warm‐water species shift their distribution towards the poles in response to warming. This is already causing profound shifts in dominant foundation species and associated ecological communities as canopy seaweeds such as kelp are replaced by tropical species.

Here, we argue that the cascading consequences of tropicalisation for the ecosystem properties and functions of warming temperate reefs depend largely on the taxa that end up dominating the seafloor. We put forward three potential tropicalisation trajectories, that differ in whether seaweeds, turf or corals become dominant. We highlight potential gains to certain ecosystem functions for some tropicalisation endpoints. For example, local benthic fish productivity may increase in some tropicalised reefs as a higher proportion of primary production is directly consumed, but this will be at the expense of other functions such as carbon export. We argue that understanding these changes in flows of energy and materials is essential to formulate new conservation strategies and management approaches that minimise risks as well as capture potential opportunities.

Regardless of which trajectory is followed, tropicalised systems represent largely novel ecosystem configurations. This poses major challenges to traditional conservation and environmental management approaches, which typically focus on maintaining or returning species to particular locations. We outline management practices that may either mitigate predicted structural and functional changes or make the most of potential new opportunities in tropicalised reefs. These include marine protected areas to increase resilience and connectivity, the development of new fisheries that target range‐expanding invaders, and assisted evolution and migration strategies to facilitate the dominance of large habitat formers like corals or seaweeds.

We highlight important ecological and ethical challenges associated with developing novel approaches to manage tropicalised reefs, which may need to become increasingly interventionist. As technological innovations continue to emerge, having clear goals and considering the ethics surrounding interventions among the broader community are essential steps to successfully develop novel management approaches.

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Life‐history variation along environmental and harvest clines of a northern freshwater fish: Plasticity and adaptation
Authors: Wilson Kyle L. , De Gisi Joe , Cahill Christopher L. , Barker Oliver E. , Post John R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Plasticity, local adaptation and evolutionary trade‐offs drive clinal variation in traits associated with lifetime growth. Disentangling the processes and determinants that cause these traits to vary helps to understand species’ responses to changing environments. This is particularly urgent for exploited populations, where size‐selective harvest can induce life‐history evolution.

Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) are an exploited fish with a life history adapted to low‐productivity freshwaters of northern North America, which makes them highly vulnerable to ecosystem changes and overfishing. We characterized life‐history variation across a broad and diverse landscape for this iconic northern freshwater fish and evaluated whether clinal variation was consistent with hypotheses for local adaptation or growth plasticity.

We estimated growth‐associated traits for 90 populations exposed to a diversity of environments using a Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model. We tested for clinal variation in their somatic growth, size at maturity and reproductive allocation along environmental gradients of lake productivity, climate, prey and exploitation clines under competing hypotheses of plasticity and local adaptation.

Clinal life‐history variation was consistent with growth plasticity and local adaptations but not harvest‐induced evolution. Variation in somatic growth was explained by exploitation, climate and prey fish occurrence. Increased exploitation, from pristine to fully exploited conditions, led to increased somatic growth (from 32 to 45 mm/year) and adult life spans, and reduced age at maturity (from 11 to 8 years). Variation in size at maturity was explained by climate and, less certainly, prey fish occurrence, while reproductive allocation was explained by evolutionary trade‐offs with mortality and other traits, but not environment. Lake trout life‐history variation within this range was as wide as that observed across dozens of other freshwater species.

Lake trout life histories resulted from evolutionary trade‐offs, growth plasticity and local adaptations along several environmental clines. Presuming a plastic response, we documented ~1.4‐fold growth compensation to exploitation—lower growth compensation than observed in many freshwater fishes. These results suggest that harvested species exposed to spatially structured and diverse environments may have substantial clinal variation on different traits, but due to different processes, and this has implications for their resilience and successful management.
Social cognition in bipolar disorder: the role of sociodemographic, clinical, and neurocognitive variables in emotional intelligence
Authors: Varo C. , Jiménez E. , Solé B. , Bonnín C. M. , Torrent C. , Lahera G. , Benabarre A. , Saiz P. A. , de la Fuente L. , Martínez‐Arán A. , Vieta E. , Reinares M. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThe main aims of this study were to examine the differences in the Emotional Intelligence (EI), the emotional domain of social cognition (SC), between euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate the contribution of sociodemographic, clinical, and neuropsychological variables to EI.MethodsWe recruited 202 patients with BD and 50 HC. EI was evaluated using the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). The sociodemographic, clinical, and neurocognitive variables that showed a significant association with EI were entered into hierarchical multiple regression analysis.ResultsBD patients obtained significantly lower scores compared to HC in the Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EIQ) and in the Understanding Emotions branch score. The best fitting model for the variables associated with EI in the patients group was a linear combination of gender, estimated IQ, family history of affective diagnosis, and executive function. The model, including these previous variables, explained up to 27.6% of the observed variance (R2 = 0.276, F = 16.406, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe identification of variables associated with deficit in EI, such as male gender, lower estimated IQ, family history of affective diagnosis. and lower executive function performance, may help in selecting treatment targets to improve SC, and especially EI, in patients with BD.
Cellular origin of microRNA‐371a‐3p in healthy males based on systematic urogenital tract tissue evaluation
Authors: Boellaard W. P. A. , Gillis A. J. M. , van Leenders G. J. L. H. , Stoop H. , van Agthoven T. , Dorssers L. C. J. , Dinkelman‐Smit M. , Boormans J. L. , Looijenga L. H. J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe microRNA‐371a‐3p (miR‐371a‐3p) has been reported to be an informative liquid biopsy (serum and plasma) molecular biomarker for both diagnosis and follow‐up of patients with a malignant (testicular) germ cell tumor ((T)GCT). It is expressed in all histological cancer elements, with the exception of mature teratoma. However, normal testis, semen, and serum of males with a disrupted testicular integrity without a TGCT may contain miR‐371a‐3p levels above threshold, of which the cellular origin is unknown.ObjectivesTherefore, a series of relevant tissues (frozen and formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE), when available) from the complete male urogenital tract (i.e., kidney to urethra and testis to urethra) and semen was investigated for miR‐371a‐3p levels using targeted quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR).Materials and methodsIn total, semen of males with normospermia (n = 11) and oligospermia (n = 3) was investigated, as well as 88 samples derived from 32 different patients. The samples represented one set of tissues related to the entire male urogenital tract (11 anatomical locations), three sets for 10 locations, and four sets for six locations.ResultsAll testis parenchyma (n = 17) cases showed low miR‐371a‐3p levels. Eight out of 14 (57%) semen samples showed detectable miR‐371a‐3p levels, irrespective of the amount of motile spermatozoa, but related to sperm concentration and matched Johnsen score (Spearman's rho correlation coefficient 0.849 and 0.871, p = 0.000, respectively). In all other tissues investigated, miR‐371a‐3p could not be detected.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that the miR‐371a‐3p in healthy adult males is solely derived from the germ cell compartment.ConclusionsThe observation is important in the context of applying miR‐371a‐3p as molecular liquid biopsy biomarker for diagnosis and follow‐up of patients with malignant (T)GCT. Moreover, miR‐371a‐3p might be an informative seminal biomarker for testicular germ cell composition.
Haematological management of major bleeding associated with direct oral anticoagulants – UK experience
Authors: Green Laura , Tan Joachim , Antoniou Sotiris , Alikhan Raza , Curry Nicola , Everington Tamara , Saja Khalid , Stanworth Simon , Tait Campbell , Morris Joan K. , MacCallum Peter 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe lack of antidotes for activated factor X‐inhibitor direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) means that management of bleeding consists largely of existing supportive therapies. This study aimed to: (i) examine the relative frequency of DOAC‐related major bleeding in relation to DOAC prescriptions over the study period; (ii) describe the presentation and haematological management of DOAC‐related major bleeding; and (iii) evaluate the association between the use of prothrombin‐complex‐concentrate (PCC) and in‐hospital mortality. Over a 3‐year period, 32 UK hospitals submitted data on haematological management of DOAC‐related bleeding. Data consisted of 421 episodes (67%, 21%, 11% and 1% on rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran and edoxaban respectively) of major bleeding on DOACs. The proportion of major bleeds on DOACs and DOAC prescriptions increased throughout the study. Overall, 44% and 37% of patients presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) respectively. Drug concentrations were seldom measured. Compared to no PCC, there was a borderline evidence that receiving low dose PCC (≤25 iu/kg) was associated with better outcomes in terms of mortality (sub‐distribution hazard ratio: 0·15; 95% confidence interval: 0·02–1·19; P = 0·07): but this was not the case for higher doses. DOAC concentrations are seldom measured. There was no evidence of benefit for PCC on in‐hospital mortality.
Evaluation of pay‐for‐release conservation incentives for unintentionally caught threatened species
Authors: Leduc Antoine O.H.C. , Hussey Nigel E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the developing world, the exploitation of threatened species jeopardizes their permanence in the wild. Because not all captures are intentional, for instance when capture methods have low selectivity, pressure on these species may be lessened by releasing living incidentally caught animals. However, it is often unrealistic to expect people to voluntarily do so because it means foregoing the benefits of resource extraction. Financial incentives for such animal release may foster conservation objectives. Reducing human–animal conflicts, protecting natural habitat, and conserving nests of threatened species are examples of conservation benefits that can be built on financial reward systems. However, incentives aiming to protect unintentionally captured threatened species are scarce. We considered pay for release, a type of ecosystem‐service payment designed to foster the release of incidentally captured threatened species. We aimed to determine the best conditions to implement this scheme, its potential benefits (e.g., incentivizing the release of threatened species), and pitfalls and priority research needs (e.g., required conditions for pay for release to work) to show that its global applicability is possible. Given that approaches solely based on education and law enforcement may be ineffective under some circumstances, we argue that pay for release can protect incidentally captured endangered species if used under conditions conducive for its success. When local participants’ intrinsic motivation for conservation is weak, but the release of incidentally live‐caught animals into their habitats is readily achievable, pay‐for‐release schemes could jump start urgently needed conservation efforts against indiscriminate animal harvesting.
Effect of age at menarche on microvascular complications among women with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Yi Y. , Denic‐Roberts H. , Rubinstein D. , Orchard T. J. , Costacou T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimTo test the hypothesis that delayed menarche is associated with an increased microvascular complication risk among women with Type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe studied the female participants of an ongoing prospective study of childhood‐onset Type 1 diabetes diagnosed during the period 1950–1980. Of 325 women, we included data from 315 who had reached menarche by the study baseline (1986–1988) and who self‐reported their age at menarche. Both cross‐sectional and prospective analyses over the 25‐year follow‐up were used to assess the relationship of age at menarche with the prevalence, incidence and cumulative incidence of microvascular complications, comprising overt nephropathy, proliferative retinopathy and confirmed distal symmetric polyneuropathy.ResultsIn cross‐sectional analyses at baseline, the odds of overt nephropathy increased 1.24 times (P=0.02) with each annual increase in age at menarche, and 3.2 times (P=0.009) in those with delayed menarche compared with women with normal menarche onset, after adjustment. Similarly, the cumulative incidence of overt nephropathy increased 1.16 times (P=0.01) with each older year of menarche and women with delayed menarche were at twofold increased risk of overt nephropathy (hazard ratio 2.30, P=0.001) compared with women with normal menarche onset. However, age at menarche was not significantly associated with either proliferative retinopathy or confirmed distal symmetric polyneuropathy after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsAge at menarche was significantly associated with the prevalence and cumulative incidence of overt nephropathy, but not with proliferative retinopathy or confirmed distal symmetric polyneuropathy in Type 1 diabetes. Women with delayed menarche may therefore be targeted for early screening and timely interventions to prevent the development of nephropathy.
Evaluation of a rare glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor variant in a patient with diabetes
Authors: Jacobi Simon F. , Khajavi Noushafarin , Kleinau Gunnar , Teumer Alexander , Scheerer Patrick , Homuth Georg , Völzke Henry , Wiegand Susanna , Kühnen Peter , Krude Heiko , Gong Maolian , Raile Klemens , Biebermann Heike 
Published: February 2019

AimsGlucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that augments insulin secretion in pancreatic β‐cells via its glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR). Recent genome‐wide association studies identified a single nucleotide variant (SNV) in the GIPR encoding gene (GIPR), rs1800437, that is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In the present study, we tested whether GIPR variants contribute to obesity and disturb glucose homeostasis or diabetes in specific patient populations.Materials and methodsExon sequencing of GIPR was performed in 164 children with obesity and insulin resistance and in 80 children with paediatric‐onset diabetes of unknown origin. The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) cohort, comprising 8320 adults, was screened for the GIPR variant Arg217Leu. GIPR variants were expressed in COS‐7 cells and cAMP production was measured upon stimulation with GIP. Cell surface expression was determined by ELISA. Protein homology modelling of the GIPR variants was performed to extract three‐dimensional information of the receptor.ResultsA heterozygous missense GIPR variant Arg217Leu (rs200485112) was identified in a patient of Asian ancestry. Functional characterization of Arg217Leu revealed reduced surface expression and signalling after GIP challenge. The homology model of the GIPR structure supports the observed functional relevance of Arg217Leu.Conclusion
In vitro functional studies and protein homology modelling indicate a potential relevance of the GIPR variant Arg217Leu in receptor function. The heterozygous variant displayed partial co‐segregation with diabetes. Based on these findings, we suggest that GIPR variants may play a role in disturbed glucose homeostasis and may be of clinical relevance in homozygous patients.
The responses of wild jacamars (Galbula ruficauda, Galbulidae) to aposematic, aposematic and cryptic, and cryptic butterflies in central Brazil
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos E. G. , Campos Vitor C. 
Published: February 2019

1. This article reports the responses of wild, adult jacamars to butterflies with distinct coloration types in central Brazil. Fully aposematic species, i.e. those exhibiting bright and/or contrasting colours on both wing surfaces (= A/A), were predominantly sight‐rejected by birds and, with one exception, the few butterflies attacked and captured were taste‐rejected afterwards.2. Aposematic and cryptic butterflies, i.e. those exhibiting bright and/or contrasting colours on the upper and cryptic colours on the underwings (= A/C) were sight‐rejected while flying, when they show their conspicuous colours to predators. This suggests that birds associate butterfly colours with their difficulty of capture, as in the case of Morpho and several Coliadinae species. These butterflies, however, were heavily attacked at rest, when they are cryptic.3, Fully cryptic butterflies, i.e. those exhibiting cryptic colours on both wing surfaces (= C/C) did not elicit sight rejections by birds. Comparisons involving the number of attacks and the capture success of flying and resting individuals showed no significant differences in species more frequently observed like some cracker butterflies (Hamadryas feronia and H. februa) and Taygetis laches. Compared with the A/C Coliadinae, these butterflies showed a lesser, although not significantly different, ability to escape while flying, but a greater and significantly different ability to escape while at rest.4, A hunting tactic of jacamars, which consists of following flying A/C and C/C butterflies on sight, and waiting until they perch to locate and attack them, is described for the first time.