bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Effects of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Antagonists using a Whole Blood Assay of Platelet Microaggregation
Authors: May Jane , Wilcox R. G. , Heptinstall S. , Storey R. F. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe have used a whole blood single-platelet counting assay (WBSPC) that is sensitive to microaggregation for monitoring GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and have compared this with other methodologies. In vitro effects of the GPIIb/IIIa antagonist fradafiban on ADP-induced platelet aggregation were determined using WBSPC and PRP turbidimetry, comparing citrate and hirudin anticoagulation. Fradafiban was a more potent inhibitor of aggregation assessed by PRP turbidimetry compared to WBSPC. Citrate showed only a trend towards enhancing fradafiban potency (p = 0.087). Citrated blood from 8 patients with unstable angina, randomised to receive oral lefradafiban or placebo, was studied before and during treatment using WBSPC, PRP turbidimetry, impedance aggregometry and Rapid Platelet Function Assay (RPFA, Accumetrics). RPFA, PRP turbidimetry and WBSPC measurements correlated well. Impedance aggregometry responses were oversensitive to GPIIb/IIIa blockade. WBSPC was most discriminating at high levels of inhibition and offered a rapid means of monitoring GPIIb/IIIa antagonist effect within the therapeutic range of inhibition.
A Simple and Rapid Method to Determine GPIIb/IIIa-Receptor Inhibitor Activity in Whole Blood
Authors: Kühnel Gitta , Matzdorff A. C. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe studied the effect of GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitors on platelet activation with flow cytometry in vitro. Citrated whole blood was incubated with increasing concentrations of three different GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitors (c7E3, DMP728, XJ757), then thrombin or ADP were added and after 1 min the sample was fixed. Samples without c7E3 but with 0.1 U/ml thrombin had a decrease in platelet count. Samples with increasing concentrations of c7E3 had a lesser or no decrease in platelet count. The two other inhibitors (DMP 725, XJ757) gave similar results. GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitors prevent aggregate formation and more single platelets remain in the blood sample. The agonist-induced decrease in platelet count correlates closely with the concentration of the GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor and receptor occupancy. This correlation may be used as a simple measure for inhibitor activity in whole blood.
Differentialdiagnostik zur Beurteilung des Thromboserisikos mit ProC® Global
Authors: Matzdorff A. , Niemann F. , Kemkes-Matthes Bettina 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der Thrombophilie-Diagnostik ist das Protein-C-System in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses gerückt. 80% aller heute im Labor nachweisbaren throm-bophilen Diathesen betreffen dieses System, mit Abstand häufigste Störung ist die Resistenz gegen aktiviertes Protein C bzw. die Faktor-V-Leiden-Mutation. Der ProC® Global-Test ermöglicht es nun, die wesentlichen Defekte des Protein-C-Systems zu erfassen, so daß ca. 60% der Patienten keiner weiterführenden Diagnostik mehr zugeführt werden müssen. Darüber hinaus gibt der Test Information über das Ausmaß der Störung im Protein-C-System. Inwieweit dies auch mit der klinischen Thromboseneigung korreliert, müssen prospektive Studien zeigen.
A Comparative Study Using Immunological and Biological Assays of the Haemostatic Responses to DDAVP Infusion Venous Occlusion and Exercise in Normal Men
Authors: Prowse C V , Farrugia A , Boulton F E , Tucker J , Ludlam C A , McLaren M , Belch J J F , Prentice C R M , Dawes J , MacGregor I R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn a group of six normal male volunteers, infusion of DDAVP, venous occlusion and exercise were shown to increase plasma levels of factor VIII and plasminogen activator, activity and antigen, to different extents and at differing rates. Any mechanisms suggested to explain release of these proteins by various stimuli should account for such differences.All three stimuli could also increase plasma levels of prostacyclin metabolites, although this was only significant for high doses of DDAVP. Other potential endothelial markers, such as fibronectin and thrombospondin, showed no specific increase after any of the stimuli.
Determinanten für die Diagnosestellung einer ADHS – Eine Analyse anhand von GKV-Routinedaten –
Authors: Klora Mike , Zeidler Jan , Linder Roland , Kis Bernhard , Heßmann Philipp , Verheyen Frank , Graf von der Schulenburg J.-Matthias 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel der Studie Bisher gibt es in Deutschland nur wenige Untersuchungen zu den soziodemographischen Einflussgrößen auf die Diagnosestellung einer ADHS-Erkrankung, obwohl die Kenntnis dieser Merkmale bedeutend für das diagnostische Prozedere und die Ausgestaltung von Präventionsprogrammen sein kann. Unser Ziel war es daher, die Evidenz zu den Einflussgrößen einer ADHS-Diagnose zu erweitern und Hinweise dafür zu geben, welchen Einfluss die familiäre Vorbelastung mit psychiatrischen Diagnosen und soziodemographischen Faktoren haben.
Material und Methoden Durch ein 3:1 Kontrollgruppendesign mit Daten der Techniker Krankenkasse wurden psychosoziale, regionale und demographische Einflussfaktoren deskriptiv und anhand einer logistischen Regression untersucht. Die unabhängigen Variablen bestanden aus Alter, Geschlecht, Region und Komorbiditäten der Patienten, dem sozioökonomischen Berufsstatus und dem Bildungsniveau der Mitglieder, den psychiatrischen Diagnosen der Eltern sowie dem Alter der Eltern bei der Geburt der Kinder (Variablen des Familienhintergrunds).
Ergebnisse Es wurden 9.881 ADHS-Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 14,9 Jahren [SD: 12,6] identifiziert. Anhand dieser umfassenden Stichprobe konnte bestätigt werden, dass das ADHS-Risiko bei männlichen Patienten höher liegt als bei weiblichen Patientinnen (OR: 2,3 [95%-KI: 2,2–2,5]). Ein mittlerer oder höherer Bildungsabschluss eines Mitglieds war mit niedrigerem Risiko einer ADHS-Diagnose im Vergleich zur Referenzkategorie niedriger Bildungsstatus verbunden (OR: 0,78 [95%-KI: 0,70–0,89] bzw. OR: 0,55 [95%-KI: 0,47–0,63]). Zudem erhöhte sich das ADHS-Risiko mit höherem Alter der Eltern sowie bei Vorliegen von psychiatrischen Diagnosen dieser (OR: 1,02 [95%-KI: 1,01–1,03] bzw. OR: 2,09 [95%-KI: 1,95–2,25]). Für den sozioökonomischen Beschäftigungsstatus konnte kein eindeutiger Zusammenhang nachgewiesen werden.
Diskussion Das Wissen um soziodemographische Einflussfaktoren kann die Diagnosestellung unterstützen und Hinweise zur Entwicklung individueller Präventions- und Therapiekonzepte geben.
Cognitive resource allocation determines the organization of personal networks
Authors: Tamarit Ignacio , Cuesta José A. , Dunbar Robin I. M. , Sánchez Angel 
Published: July 2018

Significance
The way we organize our social relationships is key to understanding the structure of our society. We propose a quantitative theory to tackle this issue, assuming that our capacity to maintain relationships is limited and that different types of relationships require different investments. The theory accounts for well-documented empirical evidence on personal networks, such that connections are typically arranged in layers of increasing size and decreasing emotional content. More interestingly, it predicts that when the number of available relationships is small, this structure is inverted, having more close relationships than acquaintances. We provide evidence of the existence of both regimes in real communities and analyze the consequences of these findings in our understanding of social groups.
Automated workflow composition in mass spectrometry-based proteomics
Authors: Palmblad Magnus , Lamprecht Anna-Lena , Ison Jon , Schwämmle Veit 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Numerous software utilities operating on mass spectrometry (MS) data are described in the literature and provide specific operations as building blocks for the assembly of on-purpose workflows. Working out which tools and combinations are applicable or optimal in practice is often hard. Thus researchers face difficulties in selecting practical and effective data analysis pipelines for a specific experimental design.

Results
We provide a toolkit to support researchers in identifying, comparing and benchmarking multiple workflows from individual bioinformatics tools. Automated workflow composition is enabled by the tools’ semantic annotation in terms of the EDAM ontology. To demonstrate the practical use of our framework, we created and evaluated a number of logically and semantically equivalent workflows for four use cases representing frequent tasks in MS-based proteomics. Indeed we found that the results computed by the workflows could vary considerably, emphasizing the benefits of a framework that facilitates their systematic exploration.

Availability and implementation
The project files and workflows are available from https://github.com/bio-tools/biotoolsCompose/tree/master/Automatic-Workflow-Composition.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
On the Inner Products of Some Deligne–Lusztig-type Representations
Authors: Chen Zhe 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a family of Deligne–Lusztig-type varieties attached to connected reductive groups over quotients of discrete valuation rings, naturally generalising the higher Deligne–Lusztig varieties and some constructions related to the algebraisation problem raised by Lusztig. We establish the inner product formula between the representations associated to these varieties and the higherDeligne–Lusztig representations.
Equity and Gender Issues Among Members of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
Authors: Perera Sheron , Bistritz Lana , Beaton Melanie D 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Gender equity has historically been a challenge within gastroenterology.

Aims
The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) developed a survey to identify issues pertaining to equity and gender faced by its membership and to determine areas of action.

Methods
In 2014, the survey was emailed to all 1155 CAG members, and the data were analyzed using statistical methods.

Results
One hundred eleven CAG members responded to the survey. Of those, 52% were male, 75% were between 26 and 45 years of age, and 55% were in their first decade of practice. More males held the status of full professor (21% versus 0%; P=0.022). Male CAG members reported working more hours per week than their female counterparts (58.3 ± 15.4 versus 52.3 ± 11.8, P=0.025). Regarding commitments outside the workplace, 81% of respondents had a spouse/partner, and 52% had children under 18 years of age, both of which did not significantly differ based on gender. Overall, 70% were satisfied or very satisfied with their career path. However, significantly more females felt their age/ethnicity/gender/marital status hindered career advancement (36% versus 14%; P=0.008). Furthermore, more females reported difficulties attaining work-life balance (45% versus 22%; P=0.015).

Conclusions
This survey highlights that gender and equity challenges continue to exist within gastroenterology. The needs assessment highlights that work-life balance, physician well-being, negotiation skills and mentorship are areas of importance to many CAG members.
Prolactin-Secreting Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastatic to the Pituitary Mimicking a Prolactinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Yao Hong , Rui Weiwei , Zhang Yong , Liu Yanting , Lin Shaojian , Tang Hao , Zhao Weiguo , Wu Zhebao 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Metastasis to the pituitary gland is uncommon in patients with systemic disseminated cancer. Individual articles have reported cases of pituitary metastasis mimicking a prolactinoma, but no case of a prolactin-secreting tumor metastasizing to the pituitary mimicking a prolactinoma has been reported so far.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
This article reports a 67-yr-old man with a recent onset of headaches, ophthalmoplegia, hypopituitarism, and hyperprolactinemia who was initially diagnosed with prolactinoma and given bromocriptine in the local hospital. Because of vomiting after taking drugs, he was transferred to our hospital for further diagnosis and treatment. Serum prolactin was elevated up to 1022 ng/mL, and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2.9 × 2.8 × 2.3 cm sellar mass with pituitary apoplexy, for which endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery was performed. Postoperative pathology and western blotting disclosed a prolactin-positive metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Whole exome sequencing revealed a number of gene mutations including KRAS, PIK3CA, ALK, and CTNNB1. The patient died of deterioration of the lung disease 3 mo after the initial diagnosis.

CONCLUSION
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a prolactin-secreting tumor metastasizing to the pituitary mimicking a prolactinoma as confirmed by both immunohistochemistry and western blot. Prolactin secretion is rare and elusive, and may associate with specified gene mutations.
Speciation with gene flow via cycles of isolation and migration: insights from multiple mangrove taxa
Authors: He Ziwen , Li Xinnian , Yang Ming , Wang Xinfeng , Zhong Cairong , Duke Norman C , Wu Chung-I , Shi Suhua 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAllopatric speciation requiring an unbroken period of geographical isolation has been the standard model of neo-Darwinism. While doubts have been repeatedly raised, strict allopatry without any gene flow remains a plausible mechanism in most cases. To rigorously reject strict allopatry, genomic sequences superimposed on the geological records of a well-delineated geographical barrier are necessary. The Strait of Malacca, narrowly connecting the Pacific and Indian Ocean coasts, serves at different times either as a geographical barrier or a conduit of gene flow for coastal/marine species. We surveyed 1700 plants from 29 populations of 5 common mangrove species by large-scale DNA sequencing and added several whole-genome assemblies. Speciation between the two oceans is driven by cycles of isolation and gene flow due to the fluctuations in sea level leading to the opening/closing of the Strait to ocean currents. Because the time required for speciation in mangroves is longer than the isolation phases, speciation in these mangroves has proceeded through many cycles of mixing-isolation-mixing, or MIM, cycles. The MIM mechanism, by relaxing the condition of no gene flow, can promote speciation in many more geographical features than strict allopatry can. Finally, the MIM mechanism of speciation is also efficient, potentially yielding mn (m &gt; 1) species after n cycles.
A 100 pc-scale fast and dense outflow in the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 04576+0912
Authors: Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Ozaki Shinobu , Sugai Hajime , Matsubayashi Kazuya , Hattori Takashi , Shimono Atsushi , Aoki Kentaro , Hayano Yutaka , Minowa Yosuke , Mitsuda Kazuma , Hashiba Yasuhito 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We report the initial results of an adaptive-optics-assisted, optical integral-field-unit observation of IRAS 04576+0912, the nearest (z = 0.039) active galactic nucleus with a prominent blueshift/tail in [O iii] emission from a sample of such objects that we have collected from the literature. We aim at addressing the putative quasar-mode feedback process with Subaru/Kyoto 3D II+AO188. The optical waveband (6400–7500 Å) enables us to measure the gas density via the [S ii] doublets, in contrast to earlier near-IR studies. Since the fast [O iii] outflow happens only around rapidly growing central black holes, this object is suitable for investigating the black hole–galaxy coevolution. The obtained data cube exhibits a blue tail in the [S ii] emission at many lenslets. By fitting the spectrum with the high excess flux at the [S ii] bluetail, we find a fast (∼860 km s−1), dense (&gt;3000 cm−3), wide-angle, and offset outflow in central 100 pc scales. Although the large opening angle and the high gas outflow-to-accretion ratio may favor the feedback hypothesis, the inferred kinetic power injection rate of this ionized gas outflow seems insufficient to influence the whole host galaxy. A conventional assumption of a low density must have overestimated the feedback process.
Epidemiology and Costs of Sepsis in the United States—An Analysis Based on Timing of Diagnosis and Severity Level*
Authors: Paoli Carly J. , Reynolds Mark A. , Sinha Meenal , Gitlin Matthew , Crouser Elliott 
Published: July 2018

Objectives:
To characterize the current burden, outcomes, and costs of managing sepsis patients in U.S. hospitals.

Design:
A retrospective observational study was conducted using the Premier Healthcare Database, which represents ~20% of U.S. inpatient discharges among private and academic hospitals. Hospital costs were obtained from billing records per the cost accounting method used by each hospital. Descriptive statistics were performed on patient demographics, characteristics, and clinical and economic outcomes for the index hospitalization and 30-day readmissions.

Setting:
Sepsis patient hospitalizations, including inpatient, general ward, and ICU (intermediate and/or step-down).

Patients:
Adults over 18 years old with a hospital discharge diagnosis code of sepsis from January 1, 2010, to September 30, 2016.

Interventions:
None. This was a retrospective observational study of deidentified data.

Measurements and Main Results:
The final study cohort consisted of 2,566,689 sepsis cases, representing patients with a mean age of 65 years (50.8% female). Overall mortality was 12.5% but varied greatly by severity (5.6%, 14.9%, and 34.2%) for sepsis without organ dysfunction, severe sepsis, and septic shock, respectively. Costs followed a similar pattern increasing by severity level: $16,324, $24,638, and $38,298 and varied widely by sepsis present at admission ($18,023) and not present at admission ($51,022).

Conclusions:
The highest burden of incidence and total costs occurred in the lowest severity sepsis cohort population. Sepsis cases not diagnosed until after admission, and those with increasing severity had a higher economic burden and mortality on a case-by-case basis. Methods to improve early identification of sepsis may provide opportunities for reducing the severity and economic burden of sepsis in the United States.
PATHOLOGY OF PERIMACULAR FOLDS DUE TO VITREORETINAL TRACTION IN ABUSIVE HEAD TRAUMA
Authors: Abed Alnabi Waleed , Tang Garland J. , Eagle Ralph C. , Gulino Sam , Thau Avrey , Levin Alex V. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To demonstrate vitreoretinal traction as a mechanism for perimacular folds in abusive head trauma.

Methods:
We performed gross and histopathologic examination of eyes of children with suspected abusive head trauma and identified those with typical perimacular folds. Information was collected regarding the incident that led to the child's death and systemic manifestations noted at autopsy. Eyes were prepared in a fashion that allowed for demonstration of the vitreoretinal interface.

Results:
Ten eyes of five patients (2–13 months) were examined. All patients had systemic manifestations of abusive trauma including intracranial injury. All cases provided evidence of vitreoretinal traction producing perimacular folds. Condensed vitreous was seen attached to the apices of the retinal folds, and the detached internal limiting membrane comprising the inner surfaces of the schisis cavity. Four cases showed severe bilateral multilayered symmetric retinal hemorrhages extending to the ora serrata. All cases showed optic nerve sheath subdural hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Orbital hemorrhage was unilateral in two cases and bilateral in three cases. Four cases showed orbital fat hemorrhage. One case showed extraocular muscle sheath and cranial nerve sheath hemorrhage. Two cases showed juxtapapillary intrascleral hemorrhage.

Conclusion:
Vitreoretinal traction is the likely mechanism of perimacular folds in abusive head trauma.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Tracheal Lesions Observed in Tracheostomized Patients
Authors: Planells Fernando , Villalba Dario , Viviana Feld , Leiva Valeria , Scrigna Mariana , Distéfano Eduardo , Collins Jessica , Rocco Ana , Matesa Amelia , Áreas Laura , Golfarini Nicolas , Gil-Rossetti Gregorio , Pini María P. , Hannun Marcos , Boni Sabrina , Grimaldi Sabrina , Pedace Paula , Díaz-Ballvé Pablo , Andreu Mauro , Buñirigo Pablo , Noval Diego 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Our objective was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of tracheal lesions observed in flexile bronchoscopies of tracheostomized patients, and to determine those factors associated with severe injuries.

Methods:
This is an analytical, observational, and transversal study. The flexible bronchoscopies of tracheostomized patients from our database were reviewed to assess their lesions. The tracheal lesions were classified according to their severity; lesions obstructing above 50% of the lumen were interpreted as severe and those obstructing <50% as mild. The lesions were also classified according to location as glottic, subglottic, at the level of the tracheal ostomy, tracheal, and bronchial. The types of lesions found were granuloma, stenosis, and excessive central airway collapse. Possible predictors of severe lesions were assessed.

Results:
A total of 414 patients were included in the study, the mean age being 65 years (±16.2 y). Of all the bronchoscopies assessed, 202 (49%) showed mild lesions, and 91 (22%) were severe. We found granulomas in 230 patients (55%), and 32 (26%) were severe. Of the 27 patients with stenosis (7%), 17 (63%) were severe. Excessive central airway collapse was seen in 120 patients (31.8%), and 65 (54%) were severe. There were statistically significant differences related to age in the group that developed severe lesions (mean age, 73 y; Q1 to Q3, 58 to 81) compared with the group free of lesions (mean age, 69 y; Q1 to Q3, 55.7 to 75; P = 0.001) and also in the duration requiring an artificial airway (mean, 84.5 d; Q1 to Q3, 49 to 135.5) compared with the group free of lesions (mean of 59.5 d; Q1 to Q3, 42 to 98; P = 0.035).

Conclusion:
There was a high prevalence of tracheal lesions, mainly subglottic granulomas. Age and the duration for which the patient required an artificial airway were related to the presence of severe lesions.
18F-FDOPA Uptake Reflects the Efficacy of Dopamine Agonists Treatment in Pituitary Prolactinoma
Authors: Heimburger Céline , Bund Caroline , Addeo Pietro , Goichot Bernard , Imperiale Alessio 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We report the results of 18F-FDOPA PET/CT in an asymptomatic MEN-1 patient with secreting pituitary prolactinoma investigated before and during dopamine agonists treatment. PET/CT showed intense and focal 18F-FDOPA uptake in the right part of anterior pituitary corresponding to a microadenoma on MRI imaging. Six months after the beginning of cabergoline, prolactin secretion normalized, pituitary 18F-FDOPA uptake completely regressed, and tumor size reduced on follow-up PET/CT and MRI, respectively.