bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of climate change on hydrology in the Yellow River source region, China
Authors: Jin Junliang , Wang Guoqing , Zhang Jianyun , Yang Qinli , Liu Cuishan , Liu Yanli , Bao Zhenxin , He Ruimin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Variations of precipitation, temperature, and runoff in the Yellow River source region were analyzed with the Mann–Kendall and Spearman rank correlation tests over the past 60 years. Based on the seven climate scenarios from CMIP5 climate models under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, responses of hydrological process to climate change were simulated using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model. Variation analysis results indicated that recorded temperature presented significant increasing trend. Daily minimum temperature presented higher increasing trend than daily maximum temperature. Annual gross precipitation presented minor increasing and annual runoff presented minor decreasing. The VIC model performed well on simulating monthly discharge at Tangnaihai station, with NSE of 0.91 and 0.93 in calibration and validation periods, respectively. The projected annual mean temperature would rise (with 25th and 75th percentiles) 1.07–1.32 °C, 1.76–2.33 °C, 3.45–4.29 °C, annual precipitation is expected to increase 3.43%–11.77%, 8.05%–17.27%, 12.84%–27.89%, and runoff would moderately increase with high variability of 0.82%–14.26%, −3.41%–19.14%, 1.43%–38.26% relative to the baseline of 1961–1990 under each RCP in the 2080s, respectively. The inhomogeneity of runoff may increase in the future. Many more droughts and floods under climate change may threaten social development in this region in the future.
Catastrophe progression method based on M-K test and correlation analysis for assessing water resources carrying capacity in Hubei province
Authors: Song Fan , Yang Xiaohua , Wu Feifei 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In order to assess the water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) of Hubei province, an improved catastrophe progression method based on M-K test and correlation analysis was established. This model includes evaluation, abrupt change test and correlation analysis. It can make a comprehensive assessment of water resource carrying capacity in a certain area. The evaluation results of this model are clear and can effectively avoid the effects of subjective weight and, in addition, it can also streamline the index system. We applied the model to study the WRCC of Hubei province from 2005 to 2016, considering the supply and demand of water resources, ecological environment, economy and society. The results showed that the WRCC of Hubei province is at the ‘weak’ level, presenting a certain development and utilization potential, but it must be strictly controlled and moderately developed. The WRCC of Hubei province is improving, but must be adjusted by water conservation facilities and long-term management policies to prevent the foreseeable deterioration. Water supply and demand systems and ecological environment systems were found to be the driving factors of WRCC through correlation analysis. This approach gives the decision-makers suggestions about water resource sustainable utilization.
Research on the periodic regularity of annual runoff in the Lower Yellow River
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Song Chao , Hu Dengkui 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Research on the periodic characteristics of the runoff evolution in the Lower Yellow River is of great importance for flood control, beach regulation and water resources utilization in the Lower Yellow River. By using wavelets to conduct scale analysis of runoff series, the periodic change rule of runoff series on different scales can be obtained. By using the maximum entropy spectrum to analyze the spectrum of runoff, the main period of runoff sequence can be obtained. In this paper, these two methods are applied to the annual runoff of the Lower Yellow River. The results show that: the annual runoff in the Lower Yellow River has multi-scale change law; the four stations have the same main period; there are differences in periodicity between stations, as the catchment area increases, the quasi-periodic value decreases, and the periodic fluctuation becomes more obvious; after 2018, the annual runoff of the Lower Yellow River will be in the dry season. Furthermore, the study can reveal the change law of runoff sequence in the Lower Yellow River to a certain extent, and provide a theoretical basis for river management.
Drought stress and soil management practices in grapevines in Cyprus under the threat of climate change
Authors: Chrysargyris Antonios , Xylia Panayiota , Litskas Vassilis , Mandoulaki Athanasia , Antoniou Demetris , Boyias Timos , Stavrinides Menelaos , Tzortzakis Nikos 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Middle East, the cradle of viticulture and wine production, is gradually but steadily becoming hotter and drier because of climate change (CC). In the current study, we evaluated the effect of tillage and irrigation on yield and quality characteristics of the heat-resistant, indigenous red-grape variety Maratheftiko for one year. Yield increased (two-fold) in vines with irrigation and tillage compared to tillage with no irrigation. The absence of tillage buffered the negative effect of the lack of irrigation on yield. At the veraison stage, leaf stomatal conductance decreased in non-irrigated vines, independently of the application of tillage or not. At veraison, tillage increased (up to 27.5%) phenolics when compared to no tillage in non-irrigated vines. Vines accumulated more N, P, and K and less Mg during the flowering stage compared to veraison. At veraison, irrigation decreased K content in vines subjected to tillage and decreased Mg content in vines subjected to no tillage. Total soluble solids and anthocyanins of berries increased with the absence of irrigation and tillage. Total phenolics increased with tillage in both irrigated and non-irrigated plants. Our results indicate that no tillage systems may be viable as an adaptation strategy in the context of CC.
Building an indicator-based assessment framework for adaptive capacity of drainage systems in Beijing
Authors: Chen Bonan , Ma Wenlin , Xu Ruoshui , Zhang Junzhi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn urban areas, the increasing frequency of heavy precipitation caused by climate change has generated huge pressure on drainage systems, which could result in severe environmental or social issues if not adapted to. A critical step to enhance the adaptive capacity of drainage systems is to build an authoritative indicator-based framework for assessing the adaptive capacity. An assessment framework with three levels, including an index (Adaptive Capacity Index), five parameters (Economic resource, Information and skills, Technology, Infrastructure, and Institutions) and several indicators, was established after literature review and expert consultation. The Delphi method was applied to optimize indicators in order to form the applicable indicator-based assessment framework. Through two rounds of Delphi process, a consensus among experts was reached and was checked for consistency by statistical analysis. Eventually, eight indicators of adaptive capacity were determined with high consistency and an inherent linkage was revealed from the five dimensions (parameters) that contribute to the adaptive capacity of drainage systems. Overall, the construction of adaptive capacity of drainage systems is a systematic engineering, and the Delphi method proved to be an appropriate technique for framework building.
Feasibility study for the production of multi-oxidants from the desalination of seawater brine
Authors: Wu Chiung-Ta , Chang Chen-Yu , Li Yi-Ying , Lin Po-Hsiung 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The primary goals of this study are to compare the efficiency of multiple oxidants that are produced using different commercially available anodes and separators and to optimize the reaction conditions for the recovery of multiple oxidants from brine. The brine produced in the desalination plants in Taiwan is the concentrated seawater that is recovered after the reverse osmosis process. The main component in the solution is NaCl. On average, chlorine concentration is approximately 3–5% by weight, which is slightly higher than the concentration for normal seawater. This concentrated brine can be used as raw material for the electrolyte to extract mixed disinfectant solutions. This study uses different catalytic electrolyzers to compare the efficiency with which multiple oxidants are produced using anodes that are coated in precious metal. A ruthenium-coated titanium anode generates the largest amount of active chlorine (chlorine dioxide). In terms of the diaphragms that are tested, the DuPont Nafion NE-2030 ion film produces active chlorine most efficiently. If no other chemicals are added to the brine (salinity 11.3%), Cl2 (302–376 mg L−1) is the primary oxidant generated from the original brine, and ClO2 (3.7–7.2 mg L−1) is the minor product in batch electrolysis.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
Scenario analysis of low-carbon development of energy industry with restriction of water resource in Xinjiang
Authors: Li Aijun , Liu Yuhao , Chen Guoshi , Hu Mingming 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study empirically analyzes the prospects of the energy industry with the limited water resource in Xinjiang by extending an energy economic model. First, the past trends of water use in Xinjiang are analyzed. Energy utilization and industrial added value by sector are also investigated. Then, several important parameters such as economic growth rate, water saving rate, and energy saving rate are set exogenously. Especially, coal exploitation and utilization are selected as a typical case for studying energy development plan and technology choice. By keeping within the water requirement ‘red line’ and water security strategy, the acceptable speed and the future scale of the energy industry in Xinjiang are selected among several scenarios. Moreover, the interactions of economic growth, energy development, energy consumption, water requirement, and carbon dioxide emissions in Xinjiang are also analyzed. Finally, the technology choice of coal exploitation and utilization in Xinjiang with restriction of limited water resource is also suggested.
Groundwater flow simulation and its application in GaoSong ore field, China
Authors: Chen Gang , Xu Shiguang , Liu Chunxue , Lu Lei , Guo Liang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Mine water inrush is one of the important factors threatening safe production in mines. The accurate understanding of the mine groundwater flow field can effectively reduce the hazards of mine water inrush. Numerical simulation is an important method to study the groundwater flow field. This paper numerically simulates the groundwater seepage field in the GaoSong ore field. In order to ensure the accuracy of the numerical model, the research team completed 3,724 field fissure measurements in the study area. The fracture measurement results were analyzed using the GEOFRAC method and the whole-area fracture network data were generated. On this basis, the rock mass permeability coefficient tensor of the aquifer in the study area was calculated. The tensor calculation results are used in the numerical model of groundwater flow. After calculation, the obtained numerical model can better represent the groundwater seepage field in the study area. In addition, we designed three different numerical models for calculation, mainly to explore the influence of the tensor assignment of permeability coefficient on the calculation results of water yield of the mine. The results showed that irrational fathom tensor assignment would cause a significant deviation in calculation results.
Wavelet based relevance vector machine model for monthly runoff prediction
Authors: Ruiming Fang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this study, wavelet transform (WT) and a relevance vector machine (RVM) are integrated to predict monthly runoff. First, the WT method is adopted to decompose the monthly runoff time series into subsequences of different scales, and the variation characteristics, especially the periodicity of the runoff, are analyzed. Then, the regression model of RVM is established in each subsequence. Finally, the prediction results of each subsequence are integrated to obtain the final predicted values of monthly runoff through wavelet inverse transform. The proposed model was tested using the historical data of Minjiang River; the results show that compared with the RVM model, the WT-RVM model has better precision and can be applied in the prediction of monthly runoff.
An integrated urban stormwater model system supporting the whole life cycle of sponge city construction programs in China
Authors: Deng Shihu , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Shao Zhiyu , Yan Wentao , Chai Hongxiang , He Qiang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The nationwide Sponge City Construction (SCC) program was launched by the Chinese government in 2014. There is a lack of an integrated model system to assist the efforts throughout all the SCC phases, including planning, design, construction, evaluation and maintenance stages. In this study, an integrated stormwater system named Uwater was developed based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform, in which a comprehensive open-source urban stormwater runoff model called Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was embedded. The platform utilized the spatial data management tools in GIS to extract the discrete spatial information such as land use and vegetation cover condition to obtain the composite hydrologic parameters required in the SWMM simulations. The system also fully uses the visualization capabilities of GIS to assist visual design of the Low Impact Development (LID) facilities and Capital Improvement Projects frequently used in the SCC programs. Furthermore, it could be used to assess the drainage capacity of the stormwater system and the corresponding inundation limits for further optimization of the design plans. Finally, a study case using the platform was conducted to test and verify the reliability and applicability of the Uwater system. Results show that the Uwater platform has great strengths and potential to assist the whole life cycle in the SCC program.
Soil water content and olive tree yield responses to soil management, irrigation, and precipitation in a hilly Mediterranean area
Authors: Arampatzis G. , Hatzigiannakis E. , Pisinaras V. , Kourgialas N. , Psarras G. , Kinigopoulou V. , Panagopoulos A. , Koubouris G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOlive trees constitute one of the most dynamic cultivations for Mediterranean countries, while their economic importance is high. As water constitutes a fundamental factor affecting olive tree production, soil water content is a most critical parameter that must be monitored to improve olive trees’ cultivation management. Effects of precipitation, irrigation, and soil management on water content in four soil depths (10, 20, 30, 40 cm), four periods of the year (February–March, April–May, June–July, August–September) and three successive years were determined in 12 Mediterranean olive groves (Trifilia, southern Greece) as well as their respective fruit and olive oil yields. Significantly higher soil water content was recorded in the first (+16.8%) and third (+27.4%) year compared to the second year. Higher (+6.8%) water content was observed in irrigated olive groves compared to rainfed fields. Higher (+5.6%) water content was observed in sustainable olive groves compared to intensively managed fields. Significantly, higher soil moisture was recorded at 40 and 30 cm depth compared to 10 cm depth while intermediate values were observed at 20 cm. Marked increase in fruit yield was achieved through sustainable management (+39%) compared to intensive olive groves. The potential to improve irrigation practices in the area was also indicated by results of the present study.
Modeling the impacts of climate extremes and multiple water uses to support water management in the Icó-Mandantes Bay, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Matta Elena , Koch Hagen , Selge Florian , Simshäuser Max Nino , Rossiter Karina , da Silva Gérsica Moraes Nogueira , Gunkel Günter , Hinkelmann Reinhard 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The hydropower production, water supply and aquaculture services of the Itaparica Reservoir are of immense importance for the Brazilian Northeast. Uncontrolled water resources consumption (e.g. irrigation, water supply), climate and land use change effects deteriorated the water quantity and quality in the reservoir, leading to socio-economic and environmental problems. In this work, a depth-averaged shallow water model was set up for the Icó-Mandantes Bay, one major branch of the reservoir, using the open TELEMAC-MASCARET system. The aim was to assess the impacts of the newly built water diversion channel, as well as the effects of a flood and tracer transport from an intermittent tributary, both located in the bay. An alternative approach to estimate the water retention times was additionally implemented. The simulations showed that though the diversion channel did not significantly influence the hydrodynamics of the bay, it is necessary to continuously monitor water quality parameters in the withdrawal, especially during rainy periods after droughts, because of the nutrient inputs from the tributary and the overflows of the nearby drainage systems. Management measures adapting to the continuously changing natural conditions and anthropogenic impacts are thus indispensable and the model presented can be a valuable supporting tool for this purpose.
Numerical estimation of fracture network permeability based on GEOFRAC model for groundwater modeling in a tin mine
Authors: Lu Lei , Liu Chunxue , Chen Gang , Guo Liang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Numerous geological research studies and mining operations have proved that fracture is one of the important factors controlling groundwater flow, mineralization, and ore distribution in metallic deposits. Most current approaches to groundwater flow simulation of naturally fractured media rely on the calculation of equivalent permeability tensors from a discrete fracture network (DFN). This study is aimed at developing a rational two-dimensional DFN by GEOFRAC, a geostatistical method of fracture direction and locations of sample data from a tin mine in the Gaosong area, Gejiu city, southwest China, and utilizing 3,724 outcrop fractures sampled on the ground of mountain Gaosong. Principal inputs of the DFN are density, direction, and continuity of disks that constitute a fracture plane. Fractures simulated by GEOFRAC were validated in that their directions corresponded well with those of the sample fractures. The permeability tensor of each modeling grid was then calculated based on the fracture network constructed. The results showed that GEOFRAC is valuable for two-dimensional DFN modeling in mines and other fracture-controlled geological phenomena, such as groundwater flow and slope failure.
Estimating infiltration increase and runoff reduction due to green infrastructure
Authors: Zhang Jing , Peralta Richard C. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To aid urban entities desiring to reduce runoff from precipitation while increasing aquifer recharge, we present an approach for simultaneously quantifying runoff and infiltration. Developing the approach involved using: (1) the Windows version of the Source Loading and Management Model (WINSLAMM) to estimate runoff from precipitation in areas with green infrastructure (GI); and (2) the SCS runoff curve method to estimate infiltration. Computed infiltration and runoff values enable the estimation of the runoff reduction and infiltration increase due to alternative GI construction modes. We relate infiltration ratios to land use for a range of event rainfall depths in southwestern USA. These ratios can aid estimation of aquifer recharge while improving storm water management. We apply the approach to a Salt Lake City residential area for current land use and three assumed runoff control practices. Although currently applicable for a wide range of precipitation and urban land use situations in southwestern USA, the approach is extensible to guide urban development elsewhere.
Carbon sequestration by grass, crucifer and legume groundcovers in olive orchards
Authors: Repullo-Ruibérriz de Torres Miguel A. , Ordóñez-Fernández Rafaela , Moreno-García Manuel , Márquez-García Javier , Carbonell-Bojollo Rosa M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEstablishment of groundcovers (GC) is an efficient practice to reduce soil and nutrient losses in olive orchards, so they can act as a sink of atmospheric carbon and improve soil fertility. The aim of this study was to assess the carbon sequestration potential of several species used as groundcovers in two olive orchards. The experiment was conducted during three growing seasons in two olive orchards in Andalusia (Spain). In an experimental field, a grass (Brachypodium distachyon) and two crucifers (Eruca vesicaria and Sinapis alba) were used; in the other experimental field, three legumes were sown: common vetch (Vicia sativa), bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). In both fields the species were sown and compared with the spontaneous vegetation of the area. The carbon release from groundcovers was studied and soil organic carbon (SOC) analysed during the decomposition period to assess the atmospheric carbon fixation. The increments of SOC in the first 20 cm of soil reached higher values with crucifers and grass than legumes. Sinapis alba obtained the best result with 2.56 Mg SOC ha−1 yr−1. Establishment of groundcovers are an efficient tool for atmospheric carbon sequestration and to protect the soil from erosion.
Preparation, adsorptive properties and chemical regeneration studies of high-porous activated carbon derived from Platanus orientalis leaves for Cr(VI) removal
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Huang Lihui , Wang Lisha , Wang Chuang , Wu Xueyuan , Dong Guihua , Liu Yangyang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Platanus orientalis leaves by H3PO4 activation using a microwave heating method and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) techniques. AC exhibited a surface area of 1089.67 m2/g and a relatively high pore volume of 1.468 cm3/g. Utilization of AC for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution was researched. The adsorption efficiency was highly pH dependent and adsorption capacity of AC for Cr(VI) could reach up to 135.24 mg/g. Adsorption equilibrium could be quickly reached within 2 h. A kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of Cr(VI) conformed to the pseudo-second-order model (R2 &gt; 0.99). An intraparticle diffusion model was applied to describe the adsorption kinetics, and the results showed that there are other factors that affect the rate. Chemical regeneration for AC saturated with Cr(VI) was performed and HNO3 displayed the best regeneration performance among the four chemical regeneration agents (HNO3, H2SO4, NaOH, NaCl). The regeneration performance increased at first and then decreased with the rise of HNO3 concentration, and regeneration reaction could reach equilibrium within 4 h in the first cycle. The FTIR spectra revealed that HNO3 successfully introduced N-H bonds onto the AC surface in the regeneration process.