bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Monastic Records Can Tell Us
Authors: Bohac Rodney , Thyrêt Isolde 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article analyzes a collection ledger, a unique monastic record, to examine popular piety in eighteenth-century Russia. In 1744 the archbishop of Tver’ gave permission to the Nilo-Stolobenskaia Hermitage to conduct a collection, a process known as a sbor, for building a new roof on its main church. Over the next four years a Nilov monk traveled widely collecting donations and recording them in a ledger. Statistical analysis of the ledger’s over 700 entries shows that the Nilov monk traveled primarily to western Tver’ province, the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, and to Smolensk province in search of donations. He found willing contributors from all social classes, especially the nobility, government officials, and urban dwellers. These donors sometimes ignored the official goal of the sbor and personally wrote unsolicited spiritual requests into the collection book. By doing so they transformed the collection into what might be called a reverse pilgrimage.
Cherie Kartchner Woodworth’s Research and Publications
Authors: Halperin Charles J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cherie Woodworth’s impressive publications included articles, review articles, and book reviews; her unpublished research consisted of numerous conference papers and oral presentations. Cherie’s dissertation and articles concerned fifteenth-century Muscovite history, especially princely clans. Her book reviews encompassed a wide variety of fields and disciplines. Her final research project addressed the interaction of steppe pastoral nomads with their sedentary neighbors. The maturity of mind, originality, and soundness of judgment demonstrated in her research and publications attest to a quality of mind one would expect to find only in a superior senior scholar.
Some Thoughts on Climate Change, Local Environment, and Grain Production in Byzantine Northern Anatolia
Authors: Haldon John 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The interrelationships between environment, climate and society are by definition highly complex, and only a close analysis of the specific mechanics of change can reveal any putative causal connections. This paper will take the case of Byzantine Anatolia between the 6th and 8th c., together with the case of the small provincial city of Euchaïta in the Pontus, and examine some of the evidence for such causal links. As part of this discussion, I will suggest some of the reasons for the survival of the eastern Roman empire during the crisis of the later 7th and early 8th c.
Antioch in the Sixth Century: Resilience or Vulnerability?
Authors: Mordechai Lee 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Sixth century Antioch is perhaps the best example of state-city resilience in Late Antiquity. Over the century, the city suffered multiple natural disasters, civil strife and external conflict. Scholars have generally accepted that the city declined as a result. This study integrates historical, archaeological and scientific data to illuminate the city’s fate. It concludes that Antioch demonstrated remarkable resilience at the city level throughout the 6th c. The most important factor was the continuous support the city received from the central government.
نقوش صخرية في الفترة المتأخرة من العصر الحجري القديم بأسوان - جنوب مصر
Authors: كيلاني عادل 
Published: June 2019

A new archaeological survey in Wadi Abu Subeira and el-Aqaba el-Saghira by a team from the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities has recently identified numerous new rock art sites. So far, nine sites with Late Palaeolithic rock art have been identified in Wādi Abū Subeira and only one in Aqaba.
The Late Palaeolithic rock art in both Wādi Abū Subeira and Aqaba were implemented in a naturalistic style: Franco–Cantabrian Lascaux-like style, applying both techniques of hammering and incision to create the images. This style is substantially different from the later rock art located nearby.
Rock art style, patina, technique and subject matter identified the date of these rock art assemblage to Late Paleaolithic. This date is supported by recently OSL date of similar rock art assemblage located at Kurta, north of Wadi Gabeira.
نصوص الإنشاء و التجديد بالعمائر الدينية بمدينة طرابلس الشام في العصر العثماني : دراسة في المضمون
Authors: مرسي علي محمد محمد 
Published: June 2019

This paper deals with the study of ten foundation inscriptions on the Ottoman monuments in Tripoli, Lebanon. The inscriptions found in eight monuments, such as Awayseya Mosque (940 AH/1534), Madrassa al-Mahmoudiyah (995 AH/1587), Tawbah Mosque (1021 AH/1612) and Mahmoud al-Sangak Minaret (1295 AH/1878).
The foundation inscriptions contains five basic elements, the Basmala or pious invocation to God, a verb indicating what was done, the object of the work, the name of the patron and the date of construction. The paper is a comparative analysis in Ottoman foundation inscriptions in Tripoli, Lebanon.
Introduction: Regional Platforms
Authors: Steinberg Marc , Li Jinying 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This introduction provides an overview of this special issue on ‘Regional Platforms’, presenting its background, significance, purpose, and overall structure. To characterize the regional implications in platforms, we first define the concept of ‘platform’ by outlining its basic typology. We define three different types of platforms: product-technology type, content-platforms, and transaction-type. Each of the three designates a different meaning of the term platform and describes a different configuration of platforms in relation to media studies. Challenging the dominant mode of platform studies that presume a global geography for us-based examples, this special issue purposely situates our typology of platforms in regional terms. We argue that digital platforms have given rise to a sense of media regionalism and a renewed regional media geography through both transnational and transmedial processes. The five essays composing this issue are then summarized to demonstrate how the authors approach the question of the regionality of platforms.
Reconfiguring Mobile Media Assemblages: Download Cultures and Translocal Flows of Affective Platforms
Authors: Mukherjee Rahul , Singh Abhigyan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Memory cards are flash memory devices that enable storage and circulation of music in audio and video formats. In some regions in Asia, the bandwidth to stream musical content is unavailable, and people go to ‘download vendors’, who add content to their memory cards. We investigate regional standards/formats that allow Chinese dvd players to be sold in India and North Korea that can play not only vcds/dvds but also memory cards. Contemporary platform discourse disproportionately studies algorithm and-interface-based online platforms that support streaming cultures. We explore offline digital platforms that enable download cultures by considering memory cards as medial objects that are attached to various platform ecosystems. Such ecosystems based on informal business models and network logic act as both intermediaries and foundations that provide users with opportunities to share and participate. Going beyond instrumental uses of platforms, we discern their affectivity: their ability to provide pleasurable entertainment and aesthetic experiences.
Think Tank Diplomacy
Authors: Conley Tyler Melissa , Matthews Rhea , Brockhurst Emma 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThink tanks demonstrably play a role in diplomacy. Not long ago, the idea of think tank diplomacy would have provoked scepticism, but the nature of diplomacy has changed from a state-centric club to a polylateral network characterised by a diversity of actors and communication methods. As organisations producing independent intellectual outputs to influence public policy, think tanks engage in at least four diplomatic functions: negotiation, communication, information-gathering and promoting friendly relations in international affairs. Case studies show that think tanks both directly perform diplomatic functions and act indirectly as facilitators of diplomacy: as metaphorical hired guns, charm offensive, witnesses and safe space; as a school for diplomats, personal trainers, chief knowledge officer and wise council. Think tanks need to overcome obstacles including resource constraints and relationships with policy-makers to reach their full potential in contributing to diplomacy.
Feminicides of Girl Children in the Family Context: An International Human Rights Law Approach
Authors: Chapdelaine-Feliciati Clara 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis monograph examines the issue of feminicide, more specifically female infanticide, in the family context, and the extent to which it is addressed under international law. For this purpose, it explores the phenomenon of feminicide, the origins of son preference and ‘daughter devaluation’ and the myriad factors that underpin female infanticide. Legal semiotics is employed to assess whether the provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR 1966), the main international treaty enshrining the right to life, sufficiently tackle female infanticide. Throughout its analysis, this monograph examines several factors that constitute obstacles to the protection of girl children in the family context, as well as relevant legislation and case law. Amendments to the ICCPR are proposed to clarify States parties’ duty of due diligence and ensure that the crime of female infanticide is effectively prohibited, investigated, and prosecuted.
The Concept of Famous Painting in the Tang Dynasty: The Case of Zhang Yanyuan’s Lidai minghua ji
Authors: Ning Xiaomeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis essay offers a critical reflection on the central concept of “famous painting” as expounded in Zhang Yanyuan’s Lidai minghua ji (历代名画记, A Record of Famous Paintings of All Dynasties). Building upon the past scholarship, this essay will proceed in the following three steps. I propose to distinguish the concept of “famous painting” from the common understanding of painting. I argue that it is the former that plays a central role in the entire text of the Lidai minghua ji. As a result of this new approach, I will outline an intentional and discernable structure formed by the fifteen essays in the first three books. I proceed with discussing the relationship between famous paintings and famous painters so as to demonstrate Zhang Yanyuan’s implicit intention and considerations in selecting and evaluating painters and their works. Finally, I examine the basic formats of famous painting and further elucidate the historical dimension embedded within the concept of famous painting that constituted and changed the very idea under consideration.
A Philosophy Guide to Street Art and the Law
Authors: Baldini Andrea 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhat is the relationship between street art and the law? It is argued that street art has a constitutive relationship with the law. A crucial aspect of the identity of this urban art kind depends on its capacity to turn upside down dominant uses of public spaces. Street artists subvert those laws and social norms that regulate the city. It is shown that street art has not only transformed public spaces and their functions into artistic material, but has also turned its rebellious attitude toward the law into a creative resource. This essay aims at elucidating and arguing for this claim, while drawing important implications at the level of street art’s metaphysics, value, and relationship with rights of intellectual property, in particular copyright and moral rights. At the other end of the spectrum of contractual art, street art is outlaw art.
Matrimonial Alliances and the Transmission of Dynastic Power in Kurdistan: The Case of the Diyādīnids of Bidlīs in the Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries
Authors: Alsancakli Sacha 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Diyādīnids of Bidlīs, one of the important Kurdish principalities of the early modern period (fourteenth to seventeenth centuries), have constantly claimed a central role in the political powers of Kurdistan. This article will explore the ways in which the Diyādīnid’s matrimonial alliances helped bolster that claim and otherwise secure and enhance the political standing of the dynasty.
Isfahan during the Turko-Mongol Period (11th-15th Centuries)
Authors: Durand-Guédy David 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article deals with the history of Isfahan during the five centuries between the arrival of the Turks and the beginning of the Safavid period. It attempts to identify the continuities and ruptures from three different perspectives: To what extent can we speak of an urban decline? What was the relationship of the Isfahanis with the imperial rulers? How did the general context impact the makeup and the organisation of the society? It appears that Isfahan demonstrated remarkable resilience over the period, and that it is only beginning with the Timurid period that we can speak of a decline. Likewise, there is remarkable continuity in the ways in which the local elites collaborated with or resisted the imperial players. The role of the Ṣāʿid family, which held the cadial function over four centuries, is emblematic in this respect. Conversely, under special circumstances, the imperial players were able to exert great substantial influence on the local communities, and it is this political backing which explains the strengthening of the Hanafis in the sixth/twelfth century, and that of the Shiis in the following. One of the main accomplishments of this synthesis view of Isfahan history is that it assesses the effects of the Mongol domination relative to that of other periods.
“We are Indigenous and We Want to be Literate in Our Own Language”
Authors: Micheli Ilaria 
Published: June 2019

The Ogiek of Mariashoni living in the Mau Forest of Kenya are a group of hunters and gatherers, who in the last 30 years have been facing a progressive process of habitat and climate change which obliged them to settle down and leave their semi-nomadic way of life. The major characteristic of the Ogiek has always been a very high degree of adaptability to their social and environmental context, which allowed them to develop what we can now call a fluid identity.
Recently they have come into contact with new social (and economic) movements promoted and supported by national and international ngos working in the field of human rights and for the safeguard of indigenous peoples, which gave them the possibility to enter the international circuit of aid for cooperation and development. In a socio-linguistic perspective one of the most interesting aspects of this new situation is the speakers’ changed attitude towards their own language and its promotion. This paper contains an accurate description of a project aimed at the definition of a good orthographic system for the Ogiek language and the production of didactic materials for primary schools. The project, which ended up as a failure due to the lack of participation and funding from the local Kenyan official institutions, was promoted by the University of Trieste in the framework of the ATrA project.
Portuguese Loans in Some African Languages
Authors: Baldi Sergio 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The presence of Portuguese in Africa for more than five centuries has left a sensible trace in the languages spoken on the continent. Exploiting a Data Base created to monitor the influence of Portuguese on African languages, this paper tries to show how more than five hundred Portuguese loans are found in some one hundred and fifty African languages. The degree of assimilation and their numbers vary from language to language, but it is astonishing to find some Portuguese loans even in some languages spoken in the interior of the continent, far from the places where Portuguese presence was firmly established for a long time.
Early Islamic Kūfa in Context: A Chronological Reinterpretation of the Palace, with a Note on the Development of the Monumental Language of the Early Muslim Élite
Authors: Santi Aila 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The origin of the congregational mosque-dār al-imāra combination—despite wide acknowledgement of its symbolic importance and spread in early Islamic urbanism—has until now been considered the mere result of a measure to protect public treasure implemented in Kūfa at a very early date (638) as a consequence of a burglary. A critical analysis of literary sources, combined with a systematic review of the available archaeological evidence, has made it possible to confute this traditional view in favour of a new dating for the emergence of the first Kūfan dār al-imāra and its architectural development, suggesting interesting insights pertaining to the monumental propaganda promoted by the ruling élite in the Umayyad era.
Le statut des couleurs et de la lumière dans les munāẓarāt paysagères au Yémen à l’époque post-classique
Authors: Saitta Gianluca 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This contribution aims to comment on chromaticism by analysing the principal colours as they are mentioned in the landscape descriptions of the maqāmāt of the type munāẓarāt composed in the Yemen of the post-classical era. The colours are mainly manifested in the depictions of the garden area, but can also be characterising of certain vegetal types that sometimes play the main role in these texts. The analysis of the colours enables us to make certain considerations about the state of light and its depictions within this corpus. Indeed, there appears to be a direct correlation in these descriptions between the light and the luminosity characterised by its type of reflection and brightness. Moreover, we are able to make significant deductions on minerals and gemstones, as it is often in this context that certain chromatic nuances are mentioned in these texts.
Greco antico o coreano moderno? Qualche dubbio su un’iscrizione da Kara Kamar
Authors: Riotto Maurizio 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a new interpretation of a controversial inscription found in 1988 at Kara Kamar, Uzbekistan. Despite several problems in its reading and interpretation, in fact, the inscription has been generally considered a dedicatory (?) epigraph written in ancient Greek. This paper, however, shows that a significant part of the inscription makes sense when considered written in Korean language and alphabet. Therefore, the paper suggests the possibility that the author of the epigraph might have been a Korean individual lived in modern/contemporary epoch.
Addressing Coastal Wetland Decline in China’s Yellow Sea
Authors: Hamman Evan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article provides an analysis of the environmental challenges presented by coastal development on the Chinese coast of the Yellow Sea, and, in particular, its effect on migratory shorebirds. It reflects on the rate of coastal development in China and its impact on intertidal wetlands, including what is being done, from a legal perspective, to address the declines. Existing regulatory measures are examined and it is argued that strategic environmental assessment needs to be given greater attention by the Chinese authorities. In addition, principles of conservation such as participatory management need to be fully embraced to empower local communities to restore degraded sites, monitor birdlife, and, where necessary, challenge inappropriate development activities through the courts. These initiatives, coupled with the eventual enactment of a new national wetland law in China, should strengthen the response to the threats and help arrest some of the declines in shorebird populations.
Impact of Stratiform Rainband Heating on the Tropical Cyclone Wind Field in Idealized Simulations
Authors: Yu Chau-Lam , Didlake Anthony C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Using idealized simulations, we examine the storm-scale wind field response of a dry, hurricane-like vortex to prescribed stratiform heating profiles that mimic tropical cyclone (TC) spiral rainbands. These profiles were stationary with respect to the storm center to represent the diabatic forcing imposed by a quasi-stationary rainband complex. The first profile was typical of stratiform precipitation with heating above and cooling below the melting level. The vortex response included a mesoscale descending inflow and a midlevel tangential jet, consistent with previous studies. An additional response was an inward-spiraling low-level updraft radially inside the rainband heating. The second profile was a modified stratiform heating structure derived from observations and consisted of a diagonal dipole of heating and cooling. The same features were found with stronger magnitudes and larger vertical extents. The dynamics and implications of the forced low-level updraft were examined. This updraft was driven by buoyancy advection because of the stratiform-induced low-level cold pool. The stationary nature of the rainband diabatic forcing played an important role in modulating the required temperature and pressure anomalies to sustain this updraft. Simulations with moisture and full microphysics confirmed that this low-level updraft response was robust and capable of triggering sustained deep convection that could further impact the storm evolution, including having a potential role in secondary eyewall formation.
Weather and Climate Variability May Be Poor Proxies for Climate Change in Farmer Risk Perceptions
Authors: Findlater Kieran M. , Kandlikar Milind , Satterfield Terre , Donner Simon D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Despite long-standing assertions that climate change creates new risk management challenges, the climate change adaptation literature persists in assuming, both implicitly and explicitly, that weather and climate variability are suitable proxies for climate change in evaluating farmers’ risk perceptions and predicting their adaptive responses. This assumption persists in part because there is surprisingly little empirical evidence either way, although case studies suggest that there may be important differences. Here, we use a national survey of South Africa’s commercial grain farmers (n = 389)—similar to their peers in higher-income countries (e.g., North America, Europe, Australia), but without subsidies—to show that they treat weather and climate change risks quite differently. We find that their perceptions of climate change risks are distinct from and, in many regards, oppositional to their perceptions of weather risks. While there seems to be a temporal element to this distinction (i.e., differing concern for short-term vs long-term risks), there are other differences that are better understood in terms of normalcy (i.e., normal vs abnormal relative to historical climate) and permanency (i.e., temporary vs permanent changes). We also find an interaction effect of education and political identity on concern for climate change that is at odds with the well-publicized cultural cognition thesis based on surveys of the American public. Overall, studies that use weather and climate variability as unqualified proxies for climate change are likely to mislead researchers and policymakers about how farmers perceive, interpret, and respond to climate change stimuli.