bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Effect of Unilateral Medial Rectus Resection According to Tendon Width in Recurrent Exotropia
Authors: Ha Suk-Gyu , Kim Seung-Hyun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background
To investigate the dose response according to tendon width of the medial rectus in patients with recurrent exotropia who underwent unilateral medial rectus resection.
Methods
Patients with basic recurrent exotropia after bilateral lateral rectus recession were included. All patients underwent unilateral medial rectus resection according to the preoperative angle of deviation. Under general anesthesia, the tendon width of the medial rectus in the operated eye was measured. The patients were divided into 2 groups (narrow and wide) according to the median value of the tendon width of the medial rectus. The angle of deviation at postoperative day 1 was measured. The dose response was calculated based on the amount of correction and resection.
Results
This study included 38 patients. Age and preoperative angle of deviation were 11.0 ± 3.0 years (range, 6 – 19 years) and 21.3 ± 3.2 prism diopters (PD; range, 15 – 25 PD), respectively. Tendon width of the medial rectus was 7.6 ± 0.7 mm (range, 6.0 - 8.5 mm) and the median value of tendon width was 7.5 mm. The dose response was 4.6 ± 0.8 PD/mm (range, 2.4 - 5.6 PD/mm). The dose response was significantly greater in the wide than in the narrow tendon width group (p < 0.001). Tendon width of the medial rectus was significantly correlated with age, the preoperative angle of deviation and surgical dose response (all, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The tendon width of the medial rectus could be a predictor for estimating the surgical dose response when considering unilateral medial rectus resection in patients with the moderate angle of recurrent exotropia.
Improvement of Postoperative Immunosuppression in Patients Receiving Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting by Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation: Study Protocol for a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Wen-ting , Wei Jin-feng , Wang Lan , Zhang Deng-wen , Tang Wei , Wang Jian , Yong Yue , Wang Jing , Zhou Ya-lan , Yuan Lan , Fu Guo-qiang , Wang Sheng , Song Jian-gang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: The coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgery to relieve angina and reduce mortality of coronary heart disease. However, the patient is more prone to have immunosuppression after the surgery, causing secondary infection, and it is closely correlated to the occurrence and progress of tumor after surgery. More and more studies revealed that needle puncture was able to effectively regulate the function of immune system. However, its perioperative application is unclear. Therefore, this clinical study is aimed to evaluate whether the effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation (TEAS) on improvement of immunosuppression of patients after receiving CABG.
Methods: This clinical study was a single-center clinical trial. The 88 patients scheduled to receive CABG under extracorporeal circulation were randomized into 2 groups: the group of TEAS combined with general anesthesia (TEAS+GA), and the group of transcutaneous acupoint pseudo - electric stimulation combined with general anesthesia (Sham TEAS+GA). Human leukocyte antigen of monocyte (mHLA-DR) was the main endpoint to evaluate on the improvement of immunosuppression of patient after surgery. In addition, the monitoring indicators, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), reactive protein C (CRP), high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1), regulatory T cell (Treg) and secondary infection, etc., were recorded, and further statistical analysis was conducted.
Discussion: This study performs TEAS intervention on patients scheduled to receive CABG under extracorporeal circulation in perioperative period, to improve their postoperative immunosuppression, reduce postoperative complications, reduce secondary infection rate, shorten hospital stay and improve the patient’s outcome. This study also aims to provide clinical evidence for application of this technique. However, TEAS related parameters in this study (stimulus intensity and waveform, intervention timing and duration, etc.) should be further optimized.
Trial registration: This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine with the number 2016-455-06-01. The results of the trial will be published in an internationally peer-reviewed journal. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials with the Identifier NCT02933996 on 13 October 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02933996
Keywords: CABG; TEAS; immunosuppression; mHLA-DR
Retrograde Inferior Vena Caval Perfusion for Total Aortic Arch Replacement Surgery (RIVP-TARS): A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Lin Jing , Tan Zhaoxia , Hu Xiaolin , Yao Hao , Zhang Dafa , Zhao Yuan , Xiong Jiyue , Dou Bo , Zhu Xueshuang , Wu Zhong , Guo Yingqiang , Kang Deying , Du Lei 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: During total aortic arch replacement surgery (TARS) for patients with acute type A aortic dissection, organs in the lower body such as the viscera and spinal cord are at risk of ischemia even when antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) is performed. Combining ACP with retrograde inferior vena caval perfusion (RIVP) during TARS may improve outcomes by providing the lower body with oxygenated blood.
Methods: This is a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial of 500 patients scheduled for TARS. Patients were randomly allocated to a moderate hypothermia circulatory arrest (MHCA) group, who received selective ACP with moderate hypothermia during TARS; or to an RIVP group, who received the combination of RIVP and selective ACP under moderate hypothermia during TARS. The primary outcome was a composite of early mortality and major complications, including paraplegia, postoperative renal failure, severe liver dysfunction, postoperative prolonged intubation (>48 h), and gastrointestinal complications.
Discussion: This study aims to assess whether RIVP combined with selective ACP leads to superior outcomes than selective ACP alone for patients undergoing TARS under moderate hypothermia. This study seeks to provide high-quality evidence for RIVP to be used in patients with acute type A aortic dissection undergoing TARS.
Sensory Integration Therapy Versus Usual Care for Sensory Processing Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: Study Protocol for a Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Randell Elizabeth , McNamara Rachel , Delport Sue , Busse Monica , Hastings Richard , Gillespie David , Williams-Thomas Rhys , Brookes-Howell Lucy , Romeo Renee , Boadu Janet , Ahuja Alka S , McKigney Anne Marie , Knapp Martin , Smith Kathryn , Thornton Jacqui , Warren Gemma 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background:
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common lifelong condition affecting 1 in 100 people. ASD affects how a person relates to others and the world around them. Difficulty responding to sensory information (noise, touch, movement, taste, sight) is common, and might include feeling overwhelmed or distressed by loud or constant low-level noise (e.g. in the classroom). Affected children may also show little or no response to these sensory cues. These ‘sensory processing difficulties’ are associated with behaviour and socialisation problems, and affect education, relationships, and participation in daily life. Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) is a face-to-face therapy or treatment, provided by trained occupational therapists who use play -based sensory-motor activities and the just-right challenge to influence the way the child responds to sensation, reducing distress, and improving motor skills, adaptive responses, concentration and interaction with others. With limited research into SIT, this protocol describes in detail how the intervention will be defined and evaluated.
Methods:
Two-arm pragmatic individually 1:1 Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) with internal pilot of SIT versus Usual Care (UC) for primary school aged children (4 to 11 years) with ASD and Sensory Processing (SP) difficulties. 216 children will be recruited from multiple sources. Therapy will be delivered in clinics meeting full fidelity criteria for manualised SIT over 26 weeks (face-to-face sessions: 2 per week for 10 weeks, 2 per month for 2 months; Telephone call: 1 per month for 2 months). Follow up assessments will be completed at 6 and 12 months post randomisation. Prior to recruitment: therapists will be invited to participate in focus groups/interviews to explore what is delivered as usual care in trial regions; carers will be invited to complete an online survey to map out their experience of services. Following recruitment: carers will be given diaries to record their contact with services. Following intervention, carer and therapist interviews will be completed.
Discussion:
Results of this trial will provide high quality evidence on the clinical and cost-effectiveness of SIT aimed at improving behavioural, functional, social, educational and well-being outcomes for children and well-being outcomes for carers and families.
The social dynamics around shared sanitation in an informal settlement of Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Chipungu Jenala , Tidwell James B. , Chilengi Roma , Curtis Valerie , Aunger Robert 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study explored the social dynamics affecting collective management of shared sanitation in the Bauleni compound of Lusaka, Zambia. In-depth interviews were conducted with landlords (n = 33) and tenants (n = 33). Elinor Ostrom's eight design principles for the management of common-pool resources was used as a framework to analyse the data. Social capital within plots was also assessed. Pit latrines were predominantly shared by landlords and tenants on residential plots. However, unwelcome non-plot members also used the latrines due to a lack of physical boundaries. Not all plot members fulfilled their cleaning responsibilities equally, thereby compromising the intended benefits for those conforming. Landlords typically decided on latrine improvements independent of tenants. Latrines were not systematically monitored or maintained, but punishment for non-conformers was proportionate to the level of infraction. There was no system in place for conflict resolution, nor local organizations to regulate the management of sanitation. Lastly, there were few enterprises associated with peri-urban sanitation. Social capital was moderately high, and tenants were willing to invest money into improving sanitation. The social dynamics illuminated here provide an important basis for the development of a behavioural intervention targeted towards improving urban sanitation.
Assessing climate and land-use change impacts on streamflow in a mountainous catchment
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liang Liqiao , Cai Yanpeng , Wang Xuan , Li Chunhui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIt is essential to assess streamflow response to climate and land-use change in catchment basins that serve cities and their surrounding areas. This study used the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) to simulate streamflow under different climate and land-use change scenarios in the Dashi River catchment, China. The most sensitive soil parameters were maximum infiltration, porosity, field capacity, and wilting point, while the most sensitive vegetation parameters were leaf area index (LAI) and vegetation height. The suitability of the DHSVM model was aligned with Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients (NSE) greater than 0.41 and 0.84 at daily and monthly scales, respectively. Streamflow increased/decreased with increasing/decreasing precipitation, while it decreased with increasing air temperature. Furthermore, streamflow decreased with the increase in forestland due to higher water consumption, especially during summer. Results from this study could help us to better understand streamflow response to changes in climate and land use.
The Role of Dermoscopy in Assessment of the Activity and Scarring Response in Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Al-Refu Khitam 
Published: December 2018

Background:The diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) is usually made by clinical examination and by histopathology. Recently, dermoscopy has become an integral part in diagnoses of many inflammatory disorders and one of these is DLE.Aims:This research emphasizes the utility of dermoscopy in the assessing lesions of DLE from the point of activity of the disease.Patients and Methods:Thirty-one patients diagnosed with DLE were included in this study. The total number of examined lesions was 125 lesions. All of the lesions were assessed by dermoscopy at different stages of the activity of the diseases.Results:The dermoscopic features of DLE vary according to the stage of activity of the disease. There are characteristic dermoscopic features for the lesions of the scalp different from that of the body. In the active and early phase, the most common dermoscopic features were the presence of lesional and perilesional scales, follicular keratotic plugging, telangiectasia, arborized blood vessels, follicular red dots and perifollicular scales. In addition, there are less common dermoscopic features such as pigmentary changes, white rosettes and pinpoint white dots. For active scalp lesions, the follicular plugging and perifollicular scales were more prominent than that of the body DLE lesions. For inactive and late DLE lesions, the most significant dermoscopic changes were perifollicular whitish halos, variable patchy whitish hypopigmented areas, and the presence of white colored structureless areas.Conclusion:The present study provides new insights into the dermoscopic variability of DLE lesions at different levels of activity.
MicroRNA-224 (rs188519172 A>G) Gene Variability is Associated with a Decreased Susceptibility to Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mir Rashid , Jha Chandan K. , Elfaki Imadeldin , Rehman Suriya , Javid Jamsheed , Khullar Naina , Banu Shaheena , Chahal Sukh Mohinder Singh 
Published: December 2018

Aim:
The microRNAs regulate the expression of multiple genes involved in diseases such
as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have investigated the association between
the miR-224 gene polymorphism (rs188519172A>G) and susceptibility of coronary artery disease
CAD.

Methodology:
Hundred CAD patients and 100-matched healthy control were included. Genotyping
of the miR-224 (rs188519172A>G) polymorphism was performed using Amplification refractory
mutation system PCR method (ARMS-PCR).

Results:
A significant difference was observed in the genotype distribution among CAD patients and
healthy controls (P=0.018). The frequencies of all three genotypes GG, GA, AA reported in the patient’s
samples were 33%, 66% and 01%, and in the healthy controls samples, were 16%, 82% and
2% respectively. A multivariate analysis based on logistic regression was conducted for each group
to estimate the association between miR-224 rs188519172 genotypes and risk to coronary artery disease.
Results show that the miR-224 (rs188519172 A>G) polymorphism was associated with a decreased
risk to CAD in a codominant model, GA genotype vs. GG (OR = 0.39 (95 % CI, 0.19-0.76),
RR 0.58 (0.38-0.90, P=0.006). In the dominant model, (GA+AA vs. GG), there was also a significant
association with the OR=0.38 (95 % CI (0.19-0.76), RR 0.58 (0.38-0.89), and P=0.006. Whereas, in
the recessive model, (GG+GA vs. AA), there was no significant association of CAD with OR=0.49
(95% CI (0.044-5.54), RR 0.74 (0.33-1.68), and P=0.48.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicated that miR-224 (rs188519172) GA genotype is associated with a
decreased susceptibility to CAD.
Wastewater Chlorination for Reuse, an Alternative for Small Communities
Authors: Quartaroli Larissa , Cardoso Bárbara Henrique , de Paula Ribeiro Gabriela , da Silva Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTReuse of wastewater is a practice that has been employed all over the world, mainly in agriculture, where the main aim is to reduce the demand for water and provide nutrients. However, these waters for reuse often have excessive amounts of pathogenic microorganisms, requiring a specific disinfection step even after being subjected to a purification process. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the potential use of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite as disinfectant agents for the sanitary effluent of the treatment system based on constructed wetlands for later reuse. Disinfection tests were carried out in batch, using three dosages of hypochlorite (5, 10 and 15 mg.L−1) and different contact. In all disinfection tests, inactivation of indicator microorganisms (total coliforms and E. coli) was considered effective for the two disinfectant agents adopted, satisfying the criteria for reuse according to the World Health Organization (WHO). There was no formation of trihalomethanes after disinfection tests.
Tuzlu-Alkali Meralarda Yaygın Olarak Yetişen Çorak Çimi (Puccinellia distans) ve Sahil Ayrığı (Aeluropus littoralis) Bitkilerinin Farklı Gelişme Dönemlerindeki Besin İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TEMEL Süleyman 
Published: December 2018

Bitki
yetiştiriciliği ve çeşitliliğini kısıtlayan özellikle iklim ve topraktan
kaynaklanan stres koşulları bitkilerde önemli verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden
olabilmektedir. Oysa ekstrem ekolojik koşullara uyum sağlayabilen halofit
türler üretim güçlerini devam ettirerek, yeter miktar ve kalitede yem materyali
üretebilmektedir. Bu araştırma, hiçbir kültür bitkisinin yetiştirilemediği
aşırı tuzlu-alkali otlak alanlarında yaygın olarak yetişen halofit Puccinellia distans ve Aeluropus littoralis türlerinin farklı
gelişme dönemlerinde sahip oldukları besin değerlerini belirlemek ve incelenen
kalite özellikleri açısından ruminantların beslenmesinde yem kaynağı olarak
değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceğini ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Bu amaçla vejetatif, çiçeklenme ve tohum olgunlaştırma döneminde mevcut
türlerin sahip oldukları ham protein, nötr çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif, asit
çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif, kuru madde sindirilebilirliği, sindirilebilir
enerji, metabolik enerji ve nispi yem değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma
Iğdır coğrafyasında iki yıl süre ile (2015-2016) korunan 4 dekarlık bir alanda
tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak
yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda incelenen tüm parametrelerin türlere (nötr
çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif hariç), fenolojik dönemlere ve yıllara bağlı olarak
önemli farklılıklar gösterdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak, A.
littoralis gelişme dönemlerine bağlı olarak P. distans türüne göre daha yüksek kalitede yem materyali
sağlayabildiği ve tuzlu mera alanlarında otlayan ruminatlar için iyi bir
alternatif yem kaynağı olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
TENUN LURIK DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JAWA
Authors: Hariyanto Isbandono 
Published: December 2018

Weaving itself is generally defined as the process of making cloth by crossing threadsvertically (lungsi) and horizontal (weft) using a loom.There are dynamics in the presence of striated in the Java community weaving bothfrom the technical aspects, form and function. The development of striated weaving in Java asa result of culture can not be separated from the various factors that accompany it. It is seenfrom the aspect woven fabric striated function in Javanese society today has been a shift from,it can be seen from the dynamics that occur in the presence of the Java community weavingstriated striated fabric that is both profane and can also be magical. Tenun sendiri secara umum diartikan sebagai proses pembuatan kain denganmenyilangkan benang secara vertikal (lungsi) serta horizontal (pakan) dengan menggunakanalat tenun.Ada dinamika yang terjadi pada keberadaan tenun lurik dalam masyarakat Jawa baikitu dari aspek teknis, bentuk maupun fungsinya. Perkembangan tenun lurik di Jawa sebagaisebuah hasil budaya tidak lepas dari berbagai faktor yang menyertainya. Hal tersebut terlihatdari aspek fungsi kain tenun lurik dalam kehidupan masyarakat Jawa saat ini telah terjadipergeseran dari, hal ini terlihat dari dinamika yang terjadi pada keberadaan tenun lurik dalammasyarakat Jawa kain lurik yang bersifat profan dan dapat pula bersifat magis.
NILAI NILAI ISLAM PADA WAYANG KULIT, MENJADIKAN PERAN PENTING DALAM PERKEMBANGAN SENI ISLAMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Marwoto Otok Herum 
Published: December 2018

One of the many works of art heritage in Indonesia is a shadow puppet performance(Wayang Kulit). Wayang Kulit is a one of branch of art that is popular and favored by someIndonesian, a work of art that is considering masterpiece based onphilosophical valuecontained in its story.Through the characters and the story, wayang has a role in building nation character.Since wayang is one of Indonesian valuable art tradition, if should be maintained and preservedin order to build and empower nation’s identity. The philosophy values in wayang alwaysincourage people to do a good spare not a harmful things, the spirit of commanding tho goodand fortidding unjust or a tern in the shadow puppet is “Memayu Hayuning Bebrayan Agung”,according to their own beliefs and religion.Islam as a religion that full of value and norm has its own rule for its follower. If thrfollower willing to obey the rule then he or she will get happines in the world and here after.Related to this effort, art is fully needed in the knowledge transfoemation process and valuableIslamic Education.Keyword: leather puppet, Art and Islam Salah satu dari banyak karya seni warisan di Indonesia adalah kinerja wayang kulit(Wayang Kulit). Wayang Kulit adalah salah satu cabang seni yang populer dan disukai olehbeberapa Indonesia, sebuah karya seni yang sedang mempertimbangkan nilai onphilosophicalberbasis karya yang terkandung dalam cerita tersebut.Melalui karakter dan cerita, wayang memiliki peran dalam membangun karakterbangsa. Karena wayang merupakan salah satu seni tradisi yang berharga Indonesia, jika harusdijaga dan dilestarikan dalam rangka membangun dan memberdayakan identitas bangsa. Nilainilaifilsafat wayang selalu incourage orang untuk melakukan cadangan yang baik bukan halyang berbahaya, semangat memerintah tho baik dan fortidding tidak adil atau tern di wayangkulit adalah "Memayu Hayuning Bebrayan Agung", menurut keyakinan dan agama merekasendiri. Islam sebagai agama yang penuh nilai dan norma memiliki aturan sendiri untukpengikutnya. Jika thr pengikut bersedia untuk mematuhi aturan maka ia akan mendapatkankebahagiaan di dunia dan di sini setelah. Terkait dengan upaya ini, seni sepenuhnya diperlukandalam proses transfoemation pengetahuan dan Pendidikan Islam berharga.Kata kunci: wayang kulit, Seni dan Islam