bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особенности формирования визуального образа руководителя на основе различных компонентов его внешнего облика и невербального поведения
Authors: Korochentseva Anna V. , Terekhin Vyacheslav А. 
Published: May 2018

The problem of visual image constructing has always been topical for both foreign and domestic to social psychology, because it is included in the process of social interaction, communication and understanding of other people. Therefore it becomes necessary to consider its structure and mechanisms of functioning. Practical conditionality of the problem of visual image constructing indicates two directions of analysis. On the one hand, in terms of designing their own “visualimage”, because, consciously or unconsciously, intentionally or not, each person constructs image of himself. On the other hand, in terms of the way in which the subject constructs the visual image of communication partner. This article examines the concept of “visual image” of a partner, analyzes some domestic and foreign studies, which are devoted to various aspects of this concept.The author describes an empirical study devoted the theme, how the visual image of the organization leader, which includes a variety of characteristics of nonverbal behavior and external appearance, corresponds with his style of leadership. The study shows, that the directive, permissive, collegial styles of leadership are reflected in the features of the visual image. In the final part of the study wereconstructed visual images corresponding to each style of leadership. These visual images are included various features of nonverbal behavior and characteristics of external appearance, which were chosen the study participants. Each visual image includes elements that have a different focus, the modality, intensity and degree of harmony.
Обеспокоенность и удовлетворенность студентов своим внешним обликом как предикторы самооценок его компонентов и характеристик
Authors: Labunskaya Vera А. , Kapitanova Elena V. 
Published: May 2018

The article substantiates theoretical approach to the phenomena of concern and satisfaction with their appearance, as relatively autonomous phenomena. In contrast to other papers examine the ideas of students about the assessments of their friends and parents at various stages of their life cycle, as well as characteristics of appearance, that are very meaningful to young people, actively build a system of its own business, interpersonal and family relations. Studied aesthetic selfassessment of the components (face, body, making of appearance), evaluation of students in its attractiveness to the opposite sex, sexuality, representation of feminine and masculine features. In the study, we tested the hypothesis about the different influence of concern and satisfaction on the aesthetic evaluation of components appearance, the assessment of its attractiveness to the oppositesex, sexuality, femininities / masculinities, as well as the presentation about how valued the appearance of friends and parents.The study involved 89 students: 66 women and 23 men aged 19–21 years (m age = 20 years). Was applied set of methods: a questionnaire “Estimated-content interpretation in its appearance”; questionnaire “Presentation of estimates of the appearance of the parents and friends at different life stages”; the questionnaire “Attitude to its appearance: the satisfaction and concern”. The study capturesconflicting relationship between students’ satisfaction and concern of their appearance. Results of research partially confirm the hypothesis and allow to clarify it as follows: satisfaction with appearance affecting on self-assessment of the appearance, more dependent on them, and concern, influencing on some self-assessments of the appearance, remains in a certain sense independent from them. The concern and satisfaction with appearance can function in a relatively independence in their effects on self-evaluation of the appearance and impactof the appearance self-assessments’ to the concerns and satisfaction of their appearance.
Исследование особенностей правосознания наркозависимых преступников
Authors: Goncharova Kseniya N. 
Published: May 2018

The article offers the results of the study of legal consciousness of criminal drug addicts. 150 respondents took part in the study. 100 of them (adult male offenders serving sentences in places of confinement) were divided into two groups: drug addicts and non-addicts. 50 adult men with normative behavior (neither criminals nor drug addicts) also took part in the study. The author proceeded from the assumption that criminal drug addicts had some psychological characteristics: a low level of legal consciousness, combined with a high level of risk preparedness, decrease in volitional self-control, which is not conducive to learning and observance of lawfulness. The author used observation, interview, questionnaire, testing; they also reviewed dossiers and medical histories of respondents. There were significant differences between indices in the studied groups. In particular, the level of legal conscience in criminal drug addicts is much lower than in men with normative behavior. Criminal drug addicts are characterizedby a high level of risk preparedness, decrease in volitional self-control, lability, anxiety, rigidity of attitudes. The article emphasizes the practical significance of the research results which can be used in the rehabilitation of drug addicts, as well as in preventive measures.
Восприятие Холокоста современной молодежью
Authors: Gorenshtein Natalya I. 
Published: May 2018

This article is devoted to current issues of the research of contemporary young people’s perception of the tragic events in the XX century. The attention is centered on shifts in population’s worldview and value orientations, which undertook significant changes as a result of new political and governmental structure of Russia, and most indicative of efficiency in social transformation in general. The article encompasses our society’s crisis of values, that are often controversial to each other in modern day Russia, as well as the need to create new type of culture, aimed at creating a humane culture. Author considers defining one’s value orientations (indicators), attitude towards culture and tradition, past and future, to be an utmost necessity of present day, as well as one of the main factors, defining society’s survival in general.Studying people’s attitude towards major historical events, that became symbols of an epoch in history of a state, and humanity as whole, is suggested to be such an indicator. An object of special interest is the reaction of Russia’s citizens to the tragedy of Holocaust 70 years past Russia’s victory in the Great Patriotic War. A content analysis on this subject was carried out and described by the author. Respondent survey was aimed at revealing understanding of tragic events in nation’s history, level of knowledge on this topic, and attitude towards the genocide of Jewish people. Youth of different ethicalities and cultures participated in the research.
Психологическое исследование шизофрении С. Н. Шпильрейн в свете дисциплинарного кризиса психиатрии начала XX века
Authors: Romek Elena А. , Romek Vladimir G. 
Published: May 2018

The article considers the formation of innovative psychological method of schizophrenia research performed by S. Spielrein in her dissertation “On the psychological content of a single case of schizophrenia” (1911). The authors display that contrary to popular view on S. Spielrein as a devoted disciple of K. G. Jung in fact in her study of the case of schizophrenia she had developed an original method that synthesized the most promising psychiatric approaches of that time. On the basis of Burgholzli archival documents research the authors claim that it is exclusively due to E. Bleuler Freud’s method had been welcomedin the “big” psychiatry so that S. Spielrein had a chance to get to know it and to apply to her study. The authors focus on the neo-Kantian component of Spielrein’s “psychological” method. Neo-Kantian descriptive research methods inspired the other prominentpsychiatrist of XX century – Karl Jaspers. In 1909 S. Spielrein was going to enroll in the University of Heidelberg, and could had become a pupil of W. Windelband or a follower of K. Jaspers in psychiatry, but she had chosen to return to Burgholzli and to psychoanalysis.The authors display that S. Spielrein had developed in her dissertation amethod that combined a phenomenological approach to the subjective symptoms (neo-Kantians & Jaspers) with the “presumption of meaningfulness” of delirious speech (Bleuler & Freud). What is more, she had fully realizes in her case study a humanistic potential of both approaches.
Эмпирическая иллюстрация представлений С. Н. Шпильрейн через 100 лет
Authors: Tashcheva Anna I. , Bedredinova (Gridneva) Svetlana V. 
Published: May 2018

The work touches upon the significance of basic concepts of Sabina Spielrein’s research to the modern practice of counseling clients.In recent decades, the tragic life-story and creative work of Sabina Spielrein attract the attention of Russian and foreign specialists: psychoanalysts, journalists, ethnographers, historians.Sabina Spielrein is one of the pioneers of psychoanalysis; the former pupil of K. Jung and S. Freud, who has been forgotten for a long time, has received international recognition. Her life was divided into three equal parts. The first 19 years she lived in Russia (Rostov-on-Don and Warsaw), and the last years – in the USSR (in Rostov-on-Don mainly). She lived in Switzerland, Germany, and Austria between these periods.The material also brings forward a case of work with a female client.Methodological tools were presented by the tests of S. Rosenzweig and R. Thomas, “Nonexistent animal” and CAST (test for adult children of alcoholics), surveys of A. I. Tashcheva (“Attribute support of communication”), “Retrospective reflection of conflicts”, “Therapy as a line segment”, “My favorite Flower” test, and the traditionaltests (“motifs”) of symboldrama. The work with the client has revealed 139 positive effects. The main and the most stable of them can be summarized as follows: 1) the girl’s confidence in her mental abilities has appeared; 2) permanent internal tension and compulsivemovements have disappeared; 3) she has learned how to manage her emotions in stressful situations; 4) her relationships with loved ones have been optimized, and the nature of her interaction with people has changed; 5) the client has began to derive pleasure from communication with people and from life in whole; 6) the girl has accepted her imperfection as a given, and not as an “absolute tragedy”; 7) she has realized her limits and capabilities, etc.
Особенности представлений о брачном партнере у современных девушек
Authors: Berezhnaya Alina М. , Lukianenko Ekaterina S. 
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the concepts of marriage partner among modern young girls. The article presents theoretical analysis of the problem of studying marriage and family relations in psychological science, the issue of formation of marital scenario and image of the future partner in adolescence.At the present stage of society development there is a decrease in demand for the traditional family, cultural and spiritual level of the marital relationship, which leads to the crisis of the family institution. The authors note that the most important factor in the formation of marital scenario, as an integral part of the life scenario, standsthe image of the future partner. The present empirical investigation exploring perceptions of marriage partner of girls studying in the pedagogical and psycho-pedagogical direction at the SouthernFederal University, describes the steps, the reasonableness of the chosen methods and results of research. Experimental work has shown that representation of girls on the future partner is structured into three groups: business qualities, personality qualities and appearance, where the business acumen prevalent. The analysis estimates ofrole expectations and aspirations of girls proved that the withdrawal of a small sexual role, parent-educators, and emotional and psychotherapeutic possibilities of the partner, but a function of household, social activity, and visual appeal are the important indicators. The results formed the basis for the development andimplementation of the program of psycho-pedagogical support of the development of ideas about marriage partner. Upon completion of the testing program was carried out psychodiagnostics control, which resulted in positive changes were identiZed indicators installations girls marriage and family relations, which conZrmed the e[ectiveness of the proposed psychological-pedagogical work.
Психоаналитические концепции эмоционального выгорания
Authors: Laikova Irina V. 
Published: May 2018

The article describes the psychoanalytic concepts of study of the burnout phenomenon, which are based on qualitative approach. This approach is complementary to studies concentrated in the Yeld of organizational and social psychology which are mostly quantitative by nature and give limited insight into the dynamics of burnoutand personal meanings, associated with it. Psychoanalytic studies mainly address two aspects of burnout, namely a disruption of professional identity of people and diZculties at the intersubjective level which are closely interlinked. The tripartite conceptual model of S. Vanheule and P. Verhaeghe is shown which is based on the schema of J. Lacan’s “two mirrors” re[ecting three dynamic rocesses accompanying subjective experience of “burned out” professionals. Alternative models and explanatory concepts of burnout concordant with presented dynamic processes are considered. According to J. Lacan, the processes re[ect the functioning of the mental instances of the Ego, ideal Ego, Ego-ideal and Superego in the process of an increment of subjective knowledge. In the light of the psychoanalytic concepts, emotional burnout is treated as a crisis of identity, generated from the problems of formation of subjectivity in intersubjective interactions. This, in turn, allows to attribute emotional burnout as a general psychological phenomenon, not solely related to the professional activities. The basis of emotional burnout lies in the unconscious con[ict between conscious needs and unconscious drives resulting in the blocking activityand the alienation of the subject from certain aspects of his being. IdentiYcation and analysis of unconscious contradictions, leading to a tension and stagnation of the subject, seems to be promising for prevention and overcoming of the burnout.
Концепт «психолого-познавательный барьер» в научно-психологическом дискурсе
Authors: Osipova Alla А. , Golubova Vera М. , Moskalenko Anna Е. , Zelenov Andrey А. 
Published: May 2018

The article examines the problem of psychological aspects of creative activity. Representatives of various sciences – philosophy, history, linguistics, pedagogy – concern the problem of creativity, its mechanisms, and manifestations. Psychologists study the inward nature of the complex phenomenon of creativity and creativeactivity. For many decades, psychologists have been studying creativity from various perspectives. It can be a way of solving mental problems, a search for solutions to internal problems, a process of eZective elimination of contradictions, or a way of constructing a new reality. A creative person’s personality and features of his / her creative work took a special place in all of these studies. A number of studies have shown that there are many obstacles of internal and external nature in the way of the person’s cognition of the new. By overcoming theseobstacles the person reach a new level of cognition and development. A number of works of A. A. Antonov, I. F. Burganova, V. V. Mukhortov, A. F. Esaulov, etc. are devoted to the study of these obstacles, which are called psychological-cognitive barriers (by B. M. Kedrov).The authors make an attempt to analyze the role and significance ofpsychological-cognitive barriers in the general theory of creative activity. The psychological-cognitive barrier may arise not only at the highest levels of human intelligence – in scientific activity, when creating theories and concepts – but also at relatively low levels of mental activity. In many respects the effectiveness of overcoming the psychological-cognitive barrier is determined by the degree of its complexity, structure, and specificity of the selected coping strategy.
Экзистенциальная исполненность и направленность деятельности у специалистов гражданской авиации
Authors: Pravdina Lida R. , Shipitko Olesya Yu. , Aliev Shamil G. 
Published: May 2018

The article considers the questions connected with the study of existential fulZllment specialists of civil aviation. Special attention is paid to such personal characteristics of specialists, as: existential fulZllment, focus of activity and involvement in professional environment. The main psychological approaches reviewed andanalyzed to understanding the existential fulZllment of the person. The data about the current state of aviation psychology and the psychology of occupational health in Russia are considered. The basic problems of social-psychological monitoring of [ight personnel are highlighted. The classic and modern models of psychological well-being of the person are considered. For the Zrst time di\erences between groupsof managers and aviation specialists on the speciZcs of the existential existence of solution were empirically established. It was revealed that the specialists of civil aviation, compared to middle managers, have less severe personality characteristics (responsibility, identity, existential fulZllment). In this paper we propose the results of an empirical study about the relationship of professional involvement, existential fulfillment and the orientation of the individual. It is shown that these characteristics and in some cases their combination may in[uence on the e\ectiveness of civil aviation specialists. On the one hand, theexistential fulZllment of the [ight crews connects with such features, as involvement and direction of activity; however, [ight crews have a reduced existence relative to members of other professions. It is established, that the willingness to risk of commercial aviation specialists is not associated with existential manifestationsof the person, involvement in professional environment and, in general, with the focus of the sample. In the article the main conclusions are drawn, highlighted the opportunities and areas of practical application of the results.
Психологические основы смыслотехник как современных образовательных методов
Authors: Zorina Ekaterina S. , Zelenov Andrey А. 
Published: May 2018

The article considers the problem of alternative ways of working with children and young people when realizing the Federal State Educational Standards of the second generation and sense-value pedagogy. The authors analyze the current state of knowledge and elaboration of the concept of “psychotechnique” and provide a detailed de]nition of this concept, taking into account its historical development.The authors consider alternatives of classification, depending on the key criteria: psychotechniques which belong to any theoretical and practical direction (behaviorism, psychoanalysis, Gestalt and humanistic approaches); psychotechniques of classic, developing, and non-traditional training; psychotechniques grouped according to the principle of information coding, which includes verbal, audiovisual, machine-learning, multimedia, hypertext, holographic ones and other; psychotechniques based on the principle of quantity (individual,group, and mass). The model of emanation which is the most interesting to authors is based on the principle of sense-imagery.The o^ered classi]cation model substantiates the uniqueness of a special group of psychotechniques – sense techniques – which underlie the technology of sense training. The authors argue that their development and use in the educational process at various stages of training is urgent. They also describe types of sense techniques in detail and reveal their nature and possibilities of the pedagogical introduction in the education and training of children and young people. The article summarizes data on some studies of the in_uence of sensetechniques on the formation of motivation, in sense-value choice situations, in problem and project tasks. For the purpose of giving a complete information and analytical picture of the modern use of sense techniques in psychotherapy, advertising, politics, sociology, and other ]elds of anthropological knowledge the authors review them, emphasizing the importance of the development of a sense-technical approach, its prospects and ecological compatibility among other psychotechniques.
Методологические основания психологического сопровождения педагога на разных этапах его профессионально-личностного становления
Authors: Rean Artur А. , Demianchuk Roman V. 
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the problem of some methodological guidelines in the content of psychological support of teachers at the stages of professional and personal development.The analysis of the problem proceeds from the idea of the convergence of self-image and the image of the teacher’s personality standard in the process of the person’s professional development; and mental new formations, reXecting the degree of the convergence of self-image and the image of the teacher’s personality standard, come into existence. The authors demonstrate that the teacher’s desire to get closer to an “ideal” (mainly through the development of qualities of “leadership”) rather takes him / her away from really productive models of pedagogical communication. They suppose that a distorted view of anideal teacher as an authoritative, dominant personality is formed by the context of long-term domination of attitudes of authoritarian pedagogy in the structure and content of education.The study of characteristics of the teacher’s personality structure showsthat teaches of comprehensive and correctional educational institutions are characterized by higher indices of rigidity, gloom, and emotional lability. Indices of anxiety and individuality are least expressed.On the basis of mathematical-statistical analysis of the empirical data on characteristics of modern teachers’ personality the authors have distinguished two main stages of the integration of the teacher’s personality traits and requirements of professional activity: professional and personal formation and professional and personal maturity. This can be considered as a signiYcant methodological guideline in psychological support of teachers. The main objectives of psychological support of teachers are deYned. They are focused on personal characteristics and the problems inherent in each of the stages of professional and personal development. The authors draw a conclusion about the necessity of extensive studies assessing the eZectiveness of various methods of psychological work with teachers and solving problems of optimization of vocational training of psychologists ofeducation.