bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family members' opinions about bereavement care after cardiac intensive care unit patients' deaths
Authors: Erikson Alyssa , Puntillo Kathleen , McAdam Jennifer 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundCritical care consensus groups recommend providing bereavement support; however, little is known about what cardiac intensive care patients' families would find useful and beneficial in their grieving process.Aim and objectivesTo describe cardiac intensive care unit (ICU) patients' families' opinions on six common components of a bereavement programme.DesignQualitative, exploratory and descriptive.MethodsFamilies were recruited from a cardiac ICU 13‐15 months after their loved one's death. Families were interviewed using a semi‐structured questionnaire. The research team analysed interview transcripts to assess and categorize families' opinions on six bereavement components.ResultsTwelve family members were interviewed. Most were female (n = 8, 67%), spouses (n = 10, 83%) and white (n = 10, 83%), with a mean age (SD) of 58.4 years (16.7). Families' overall opinions of the bereavement brochure were positive, stating it was helpful in providing information about the grieving process. Families described the sympathy card as “meaningful” and “touching,” although they rated it neutral in providing comfort. Most participants felt that a follow‐up telephone call was unnecessary except to answer lingering questions they had. Many participants favoured the unit offering counselling services because they found therapy helpful in their grieving process. Participants had mixed feelings about a memory box; they believed it was an individual preference and should be handled in a sensitive manner. Most would not have attended a memorial service if offered because of traffic, distance, concerns about stressful feelings on returning to the hospital or because they already honoured their loved ones through a personalized memorial service.ConclusionsParticipants varied in their opinions about what bereavement services may be useful; however, this study provides insight about services that cardiac critical care units may consider when adding bereavement support.Relevance to clinical practiceFamily perspectives about bereavement needs can help structure services offered by critical care units.
How discourses of social vulnerability can influence nurse–patient interactions: A Foucauldian analysis
Authors: Kröner Sanne M. , Beedholm Kirsten 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article uncovers the current discursive practices concerning socially vulnerable people in Danish society. A discourse analytical approach inspired by Michel Foucault, along with contributions from Erving Goffmann's work ‘Stigma’, is utilized throughout the analysis. First, the dominant discursive formations are described across the data material, consisting of sociopolitical and health policy documents. Second, we uncover how problematizations and mechanisms of power along with the emergence of the competition state push socially vulnerable people out into the periphery of society. Finally, we discuss responsibility regarding social vulnerability and the structural injustice that follows. Our aim is to facilitate critical awareness of how socially vulnerable people are constructed and contribute to destabilizing accepted meanings and perceptions of social vulnerability. This study shows that being categorized as socially vulnerable is associated with poor health behavior and perceived as being in a dependent relationship with superior systems. The analysis points to a focus on strengthening and developing the work capacity of socially vulnerable people. Thus, the objective of the analyzed documents revolves around securing socially vulnerable people's contribution to society's economy. This article contributes with a perspective on how society, and therefore also healthcare professionals, perceive and interact with socially vulnerable people.
SKIP regulates environmental fitness and floral transition by forming two distinct complexes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Yan , Yang Jing , Shang Xudong , Lv Wenzhu , Xia Congcong , Wang Chen , Feng Jinlin , Cao Ying , He Hang , Li Legong , Ma Ligeng 
Published: June 2019

Summary

Ski‐interacting protein (SKIP) is a bifunctional regulator of gene expression that works as a splicing factor as part of the spliceosome and as a transcriptional activator by interacting with EARLY FLOWERING 7 (ELF7).

MOS4‐Associated Complex 3A (MAC3A) and MAC3B interact physically and genetically with SKIP, mediate the alternative splicing of c. 50% of the expressed genes in the Arabidopsis genome, and are required for the splicing of a similar set of genes to that of SKIP.

SKIP interacts physically and genetically with splicing factors and Polymerase‐Associated Factor 1 complex (Paf1c) components. However, these splicing factors do not interact either physically or genetically with Paf1c components. The SKIP‐spliceosome complex mediates circadian clock function and abiotic stress responses by controlling the alternative splicing of pre‐mRNAs encoded by clock‐ and stress tolerance‐related genes. The SKIP‐Paf1c complex regulates the floral transition by activating FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) transcription.

Our data reveal that SKIP regulates floral transition and environmental fitness via its incorporation into two distinct complexes that regulate gene expression transcriptionally and post‐transcriptionally, respectively. It will be interesting to discover in future studies whether SKIP is required for integration of environmental fitness and growth by control of the incorporation of SKIP into spliceosome or Paf1c in plants.
Detecting the onset of autumn leaf senescence in deciduous forest trees of the temperate zone
Authors: Mariën Bertold , Balzarolo Manuela , Dox Inge , Leys Sebastien , Lorène Marchand J. , Geron Charly , Portillo‐Estrada Miguel , AbdElgawad Hamada , Asard Han , Campioli Matteo 
Published: June 2019

Summary

Information on the onset of leaf senescence in temperate deciduous trees and comparisons on its assessment methods are limited, hampering our understanding of autumn dynamics.

We compare five field proxies, five remote sensing proxies and two data analysis approaches to assess leaf senescence onset at one main beech stand, two stands of oak and birch, and three ancillary stands of the same species in Belgium during 2017 and 2018.

Across species and sites, onset of leaf senescence was not significantly different for the field proxies based on Chl leaf content and canopy coloration, except for an advanced canopy coloration during the extremely dry and warm 2018. Two remote sensing indices provided results fully consistent with the field data. A significant lag emerged between leaf senescence onset and leaf fall, and when a threshold of 50% change in the seasonal variable under study (e.g. Chl content) was used to derive the leaf senescence onset.

Our results provide unprecedented information on the quality and applicability of different proxies to assess leaf senescence onset in temperate deciduous trees. In addition, a sound base is offered to select the most suited methods for the different disciplines that need this type of data.
Sphingolipids: towards an integrated view of metabolism during the plant stress response
Authors: Huby Eloïse , Napier Johnathan A. , Baillieul Fabienne , Michaelson Louise V. , Dhondt‐Cordelier Sandrine 
Published: June 2019

SummaryPlants exist in an environment of changing abiotic and biotic stresses. They have developed a complex set of strategies to respond to these stresses and over recent years it has become clear that sphingolipids are a key player in these responses. Sphingolipids are not universally present in all three domains of life. Many bacteria and archaea do not produce sphingolipids but they are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and have been intensively studied in yeast and mammals. During the last decade there has been a steadily increasing interest in plant sphingolipids. Plant sphingolipids exhibit structural differences when compared with their mammalian counterparts and it is now clear that they perform some unique functions. Sphingolipids are recognised as critical components of the plant plasma membrane and endomembrane system. Besides being important structural elements of plant membranes, their particular structure contributes to the fluidity and biophysical order. Sphingolipids are also involved in multiple cellular and regulatory processes including vesicle trafficking, plant development and defence. This review will focus on our current knowledge as to the function of sphingolipids during plant stress responses, not only as structural components of biological membranes, but also as signalling mediators.
The effect of placement of a support under the shoulders on laryngeal visualization with a C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope in children younger than 2 years of age
Authors: Koylu Mizrak Zeynep , Begec Zekine , Ozgul Ulku , Colak Cemil 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate glottis visualization and time to intubation in children younger than 2 years of age during laryngoscopy performed with a C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope in a position determined by placing a folded towel under the shoulders to align the oral‐pharyngeal and laryngeal axes in the horizontal plane.MethodsNinety‐six children younger than 2 years of age, who were classified by the American Society of Anesthesiologists as having a physical status I or II and who were scheduled for elective surgery necessitating endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia, were included in the study. All patients were intubated with a C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope. The children intubated by placing a folded towel under the shoulders were categorized as Group 1 (n = 48), and the children intubated without placement of a folded towel were categorized as Group 2 (n = 48). The percentage of glottis opening and Cormack‐Lehane Scores, values of visual analogue scale to determine the ease of using a C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope, time to intubation, number of intubation attempts, optimization procedures and complications were recorded for all children.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between Group 1 (mean ± SD; 97.71 ± 4.24) and Group 2 (mean ± SD; 94.17 ± 7.09) in terms of the percentage of glottis opening scores (P = 0.004). The mean difference in the percentage of glottis opening scores (95% confidence interval) between the groups was 3.54 (1.17‐5.90).ConclusionWe showed that a folded towel placed under the shoulders in children younger than 2 years of age improves glottis visualization provides ease of use of the C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope. Therefore, we think that the placement of a folded towel under the shoulders during the use of a C‐MAC Miller Video Laryngoscope may be useful for airway management in children younger than 2 years of age.
Trends in varicella and mumps vaccination rates in children under 3 years of age in a tertiary children's hospital in Japan
Authors: Morikawa Yoshihiko , Morino Saeko , Ito Kenta , Furuichi Mihoko , Miyokawa Shigeko , Shoji Takayo , Horikoshi Yuho 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, the voluntary vaccination rate is not known accurately. Although two doses of the measles and rubella vaccines have been part of the universal vaccine program since 2006, the varicella vaccine was added in October 2014 while the mumps vaccine still remains voluntary. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends in the live measles, rubella, varicella and mumps vaccination rates in Japan.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center between October 2012 and December 2016. Patients aged 1–2 years who were admitted to the Department of General Pediatrics were enrolled. The trend in the vaccination rate against measles, rubella, varicella, and mumps was examined.ResultsThe measles and rubella vaccination rate was 80–90%. The varicella vaccination rate in the second quarter of 2012, the third quarter of 2014, and the fourth quarter of 2016 was 34.6%, 67.1%, and 80.7%, respectively. The mumps vaccination rate in the second quarter of 2012, the third quarter of 2014, and the fourth quarter of 2016 was 27.6%, 59.5%, and 61.8%, respectively.ConclusionsThe varicella and mumps vaccination rate improved until 2014 despite the fact that they were voluntary vaccinations. After varicella vaccination was added to the universal vaccination program, the varicella vaccination rate continued to improve. The mumps vaccination, which was not included, failed to improve, suggesting that the universal vaccination program contributed to increasing the uptake of the vaccines it includes.
Successful kidney transplantation in a small child with end‐stage renal disease due to angiotensin receptor blocker fetopathy and atretic inferior vena cava
Authors: Geha John A. , Geha Joseph D. , Goss Matthew , Kueht Michael L. , Cotton Ronald T. , Rana Abbas , Goss John A. , Bhakta Kirti , Swartz Sarah J. , O'Mahony Christine A. , Brewer Eileen D. , Galvan Nhu T. N. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractKidney transplantation is the treatment of choice in pediatric patients with end‐stage renal disease. This population presents technical challenges particularly in those less than 20 kg due to anomalous anatomy, vascular access issues prior to transplantation, and a generally small size for age. Standard allograft outflow is usually achieved utilizing the iliac veins or IVC. When use of the iliocaval system is not feasible, alternative anastomosis must be considered. Herein, we report a case of a pediatric kidney transplantation where successful allograft outflow was achieved using the SMV when he was found to have an atretic IVC intraoperatively. In this setting, use of the portal system was required to achieve adequate allograft outflow. We created a donor iliac graft for added length to anastomose the renal vein with the SMV. In the setting of IVC occlusion with poor drainage, we utilized a patent vessel with larger caliber for outflow to reduce the risk of high venous pressures, allograft failure, venous rotation, and thrombosis. We conclude that the SMV may serve as an alternative outflow tract in the small pediatric patient and provides the vessel caliber needed to reduce the risks of complications.
20‐ to 25‐year patient and graft survival following a single pediatric liver transplant—Analysis of the United Network of Organ Sharing database: Where to go from here
Authors: Ekong Udeme D. , Gupta Nitika A. , Urban Read , Andrews Walter S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo understand factors contributing to liver graft loss and patient death, we queried a national database designed to follow pediatric patients transplanted between 1987 and 1995 till adulthood. A comparison was made to a cohort transplanted between 2000 and 2014. The 5‐, 10‐, 15‐, 20‐, and 25‐year patient survival and graft survival were 95.5%, 93.7%, 89.1%, 80.8%, and 73.1%, and 92.5%, 86.7%, 77.6%, 68.7%, and 62.2%, respectively. The twenty‐year patient/graft survival was significantly worse in those transplanted between 5 and 17 years of age compared to those transplanted at <5 years of age (P < 0.001). For the modern era cohort, the 3‐year patient survival was significantly lower in children transplanted at 16‐17 years of age compared to those transplanted at <5 and 11‐15 years of age (P ≤ 0.02). The 3‐year graft survival was similarly lower in children transplanted at 16‐17 years of age compared to those transplanted at <5, 5‐10, and 11‐15 years of age (P ≤ 0.001). Infection as a cause of death occurred either early or >15 years post‐transplant. Chronic rejection remained the leading cause of graft loss in both cohorts and the commonest indication for retransplantation 20‐25 years following primary transplant. Further research is required to identify modifiable factors contributing to development of chronic rejection.
The effect of transfer to adult transplant care on kidney function and immunosuppressant drug level variability in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Fernandez Hilda E. , Amaral Sandra , Shaw Pamela A. , Doyle Alden M. , Bloom Roy D. , Palmer Jo Ann , Baluarte Hobart J. , Furth Susan L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAdolescent age at time of transplant has been recognized as a risk factor for renal allograft loss. Increased risk for graft failure may persist from adolescence to young adulthood. Transfer of care is hypothesized as a risk factor for non‐adherence and graft loss. We explored whether kidney allograft function declined at an accelerated rate after transfer of care to adult transplant centers and whether coefficient of variation of tacrolimus (CV TAC) trough levels predicted allograft loss. Single‐center, retrospective chart review was performed for pediatric kidney transplant recipients who received transplants between 1999 and 2011. Change in eGFR pre‐ and post‐transfer was performed via a linear mixed‐effects model. CV TAC was calculated in transplant recipients with TAC data pre‐ and post‐transfer. t test was performed to determine the difference between means of CV TAC in subjects with and without allograft loss following transfer of care. Of the 138 subjects who transferred to adult care, 47 subjects with data pre‐ and post‐transfer demonstrated a decrease in the rate of eGFR decline post‐transfer from 8.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year to 2.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year, an ~80% decrease in eGFR decline post‐transfer (P = 0.01). Twenty‐four subjects had CV TAC data pre‐ and post‐transfer of care. Pretransfer CV TAC for subjects with allograft loss post‐transfer was significantly higher than in subjects without allograft loss (49% vs 26%, P < 0.05). Transfer of care was not independently associated with acceleration in eGFR decline. CV TAC may aid in identifying patients at risk for allograft loss post‐transfer.
PD‐L1 detection in histology specimens and matched pleural fluid cell blocks of patients with NSCLC
Authors: Grosu Horiana B. , Arriola Aileen , Stewart John , Ma Junsheng , Bassett Roland , Hernandez Mike , Ost David , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveAnalysis of programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) in tumour samples is necessary to identify candidates for anti‐PD‐L1/PD‐L1 therapy. Because PD‐L1 is evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), an adequate amount of tumour tissue is a prerequisite for PD‐L1 testing. To examine whether pleural fluid might be an alternative to biopsy/resection specimens for IHC evaluation of PD‐L1 in patients with non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we compared PD‐L1 by IHC between histological specimens and matched pleural fluid.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with NSCLC who underwent core biopsy of a lung mass/surgical resection with PD‐L1 IHC and had a pleural fluid cell block (CB) available for PD‐L1 staining was conducted. PD‐L1 was categorized as negative (PD‐L1 in <1% of tumour cells), moderately positive (PD‐L1 in ≥1% to <50%), strongly positive (PD‐L1 ≥ 50) or inadequate for PD‐L1 testing (<100 tumour cells in the CB). Weighted Cohen's kappa was calculated to evaluate the agreement between PD‐L1 on biopsy/resection specimen and pleural fluid for variables with more than two categories.ResultsOf the 115 patients included in this study, 82 (71.3%) had at least 100 tumour cells and were included in the analysis. Of these, 80 (97.6%) had adenocarcinoma. For PD‐L1 of histological specimens versus pleural fluid categorized as negative, moderately positive or strongly positive, the weighted kappa statistic was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64–0.88), and the concordance was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.68–0.86).ConclusionCorrelation and concordance are high between PD‐L1 in histological specimens and matched pleural fluid. Evaluation of PD‐L1 in pleural fluid should be considered in patients unable to undergo histological biopsies.
Barriers to finding and maintaining open employment for people with intellectual disability in Australia
Authors: Meltzer Ariella , Robinson Sally , Fisher Karen R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEveryone has the right to employment. Work is important for health, well‐being, and social, economic, and financial inclusion. However, it is often difficult for people with intellectual disability to find and maintain work, especially in the open labour market. Policy challenges remain about who can access open employment (also sometimes called competitive or supported employment) and how often people with intellectual disability do so. Greater understanding about the barriers that people with intellectual disability encounter when they try to find and keep work in open employment is needed.Drawing on research with 51 people with intellectual disability in Australia, this paper examines the systemic barriers they report to finding and maintaining work in open employment. The findings highlight that the barriers they experience stem from narrow, dismissive, and discouraging attitudes to their work in open employment and from a spectrum of experiences of stigma and discrimination in open workplaces. The paper thus provides new knowledge about reasons that people with intellectual disability may either reject or not continue in open employment and take up less inclusive work options. The paper discusses the implications of the findings, including the need for policy development for attitudinal change, designing more varied roles for employees with intellectual disability, ensuring access to industrial relations protections, and increasing and better regulating and funding requirements on support to people with intellectual disability who are seeking work in open employment.
Triassic stretching directions in Iberia and North Africa inferred from magnetic fabrics
Authors: Soto Ruth , Casas‐Sainz Antonio M. , Oliva‐Urcia Belén , García‐Lasanta Cristina , Izquierdo‐Llavall Esther , Moussaid Bennacer , Kullberg José Carlos , Román‐Berdiel Teresa , Sánchez‐Moya Yolanda , Sopeña Alfonso , Torres‐López Sara , Villalaín Juan José , El‐Ouardi Hamidou , Gil‐Peña Inmaculada , Hirt Ann M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDuring the Triassic, Iberia and western North Africa displayed a unique situation in relation with the Central and North Atlantic opening and westward expansion of the Tethys. Unravelling the stretching direction in Triassic deposits of the studied area can help in our understanding of this scenario. The tectonic setting is characterized by localized basins with strong thickness variations greatly influenced by previous post‐Variscan mechanical discontinuities. In this work, we revise and compile magnetic fabric data from eight Triassic depocentres in terms of defining the stretching direction (i.e. magnetic lineation), resulting from extensional deformation of this period. Data show the importance of the opening of the Atlantic rift as the leading process during the Triassic. Dextral transtension can explain the deflection of the extensional direction observed in most studied depocentres that is caused by the activity of previous major oblique faults.