bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of antithymocyte globulin on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with TBI
Authors: Nagler Arnon , Labopin Myriam , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Niittyvuopio Riitta , Maertens Johan , Poiré Xavier , Cornelissen Jan , Reményi Péter , Bourhis Jean Henri , Beguin Yves , Malladi Ram , Kerre Tessa , Schroyens Wilfried , Savani Bipin N. , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The impact of the use of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) following a total body irradiation (TBI)–based myeloablative conditioning regimen has been poorly explored. We retrospectively analyzed 724 patients who underwent a first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) following a TBI-based conditioning regimen for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and compared the outcomes of 251 (35%) patients who received ATG (ATG group) with 473 (65%) patients who did not (non-ATG group). Median follow-up of surviving patients was 59 months (interquartile range, 28-83). The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) for non-ATG and ATG groups in the first 100 days was 33% vs 24%, respectively (P = .0098). The 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) was reduced significantly in the ATG group in comparison with the non-ATG group (46% vs 34%, P = .003). Using multivariate analysis, in vivo T-cell depletion (ATG group) was independently associated with a decreased incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28; P &lt; .001), grade III-IV aGVHD (HR, 0.21; P &lt; .001), cGVHD (HR, 0.63; P = .02), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (HR, 0.54; P = .02). Relapse risk, overall survival, and leukemia-free survival were similar between the 2 groups. Our results suggest that the addition of ATG to TBI-based myeloablative conditioning for allo-HCT in AML patients results in a significant reduction in aGVHD and cGVHD, translating into a significant reduction in NRM without increasing the relapse rate.
Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) deficiency delays liver fibrosis associated with cholestatic injury
Authors: Villar-Lorenzo Andrea , Rada Patricia , Rey Esther , Marañón Patricia , Arroba Ana I. , Santamaría Beatriz , Sáiz Jorge , Rupérez Francisco J. , Barbas Coral , García-Monzón Carmelo , Valverde Ángela M. , González-Rodríguez Águeda 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) is a key downstream mediator of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signalling pathways and plays a major role in liver metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IRS2 had an impact on the hepatic fibrotic process associated with cholestatic injury. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was performed in wild-type (WT) and Irs2-deficient (IRS2KO) female mice. Histological and biochemical analyses, together with fibrogenic and inflammatory responses were evaluated in livers from mice at 3, 7 and 28 days following BDL. We also explored whether activation of human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by IGF1 was modulated by IRS2. IRS2KO mice displayed reduced disruption of liver histology, such hepatocyte damage and excess deposition of extracellular matrix components, compared with WT mice at 3 and 7 days post-BDL. However, no histological differences between genotypes were found at 28 days post-BDL. The less pro-inflammatory profile of bile acids accumulated in the gallbladder of IRS2KO mice after BDL corresponded with the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory markers in these mice. Stable silencing of IRS2 or inhibition of ERK1/2 reduced the activation of human LX2 cells and also reduced induction of MMP9 upon IGF1 stimulation. Furthermore, hepatic MMP9 expression was strongly induced after BDL in WT mice, but only a slight increase was found in mice lacking IRS2. Our results have unravelled the signalling pathway mediated by IGF1R–IRS2–ERK1/2–MMP9 as a key axis in regulating HSC activation, which might be therapeutically relevant for targeting liver fibrosis.
Pattern of un-operated Grown Up Congenital Heart (GUCH) patients presenting to a Tertiary Care Cardiac Institute of Punjab
Authors: Mughal Abdul Razzaq , Tousif Rubina , Alamgir Asif Rashid , Jalal Anjum 
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To identify the pattern of un-operated grown up congenital heart defects at our tertiary care cardiac institute.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study. All un-operated GUCH patients who presented to Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology (FIC) from May 2017 to 30th July 2017 were enrolled. Diagnosis was established on Transthoracic Echocardiography done by dedicated pediatric cardiologist at FIC. The mode of presentation, presenting complaints, type, severity, complications and co-morbid conditions of CHD were recorded.
Results: A total of 200 consecutive patients were enrolled. Mean age was 29.92 ± 11.21 years. There were 104 females (52%) and 96 males (48%). Majority of patients presented in Out-Patient Department (84%) while 16% presented in emergency (n=32). The most common cardiac anomalies were: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) 41.5% (83), Tetralogy of Fallots (TOF) 42 (21%), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 28 (14%) and Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 8 % (16). Cyanotic CHD was present in 43% (86) while TOF was the most common of it. The disease was of moderate complexity in 77.5% patients. Certain complications like Pulmonary hypertension 69(34.5%), Eisenmenger 33(16.5%), Rhythm disturbances 15 (7.5%), Infective endocarditis 5(2.5%) were also present along with co-morbid conditions like coronary artery disease (1.5% and systemic hypertension (2.5%). Dyspnea on exertion (59.5%) followed by cyanosis (41%) were the most common presenting complaints. The most common reason for hospital admission was cardiac signs and symptoms (19.5%) followed by cardiac catheterization (10.5%).
Conclusion: The ASD, TOF, VSD and PDA remain the most common CHD in descending order while pulmonary hypertension, Eisenmenger, heart failure, arrhythmias, infective endocarditis and stroke were the common complications of CHD at this particular age.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.878
How to cite this:Mughal AR, Tousif R, Alamgir AR, Jalal A. Pattern of un-operated Grown Up Congenital Heart (GUCH) patients presenting to a Tertiary Care Cardiac Institute of Punjab. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1066-1071. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.878
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Chromospheric K CaII telescope of Baikal Astrophysical Observatory. New light
Authors: Лоптева Любовь , Lopteva Lyubov , Кушталь Галина , Kushtal Galina , Прошин Владимир , Proshin Vladimir , Скоморовский Валерий , Skomorovsky Valery , Фирстов Сергей , Firstov Sergey , Химич Валерий , Khimich Valeriy , Чупраков Сергей , Chuprakov Sergey 
Published: June 2019

In recent years, most results of CaII studies of the solar chromosphere in H and K lines have been based on observations with narrow passband filters. The Baikal Observatory’s full-disk chromospheric telescope for the K CaII line with a birefringent filter (BF) has again been included in observation programs of the Sun Service Station and scientific research.
We analyze the methods of telescope and modernized birefringent filter adjustment. After many years of continuous operation, a pressing need arose to replace the damaged parts of the chromospheric telescope. Optics and mechanics of the entire telescope have been cleaned and readjusted. Wavefront interferograms of the teleobjective lens and of the whole telescope show that wavefront distortions of the entire optical path are within 0.25 λ. We present an optical scheme and discuss optical-physical characteristics of BF elements. The interference prefilter and UV polarizers have been replaced, and passbands of BF tunable stages have been adjusted. The BF spectral characteristics provide a fairly high contrast of monochromatic images of large-scale phenomena. Unfortunately, with a collimator and Sony Cyber-Shot DSC-S85 camera, mounted on the telescope, the theoretical resolution of the 180-mm telescope is not realized. We have therefore calculated two optical schemes of telescope changes for possible improvement in spatial resolution.
Pressure Pain Thresholds In Adults With Patellofemoral Pain And Patellofemoral Joint Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Bartholomew Clare , Edwards Laura , Lack Simon David 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims Patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis are common non-self-limiting conditions. The two conditions are on a continuum with 20–30% of patellofemoral pain patients showing radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging features of patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. Evidence suggests reduced pressure pain thresholds, locally and remotely from the site of reported pain, are a feature of patellofemoral pain in adolescent females. However, a paucity of evidence exists for male and female adults with no studies considering pressure pain thresholds in patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. Exploring if pain sensitisation is a dominant feature of patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis, and if a subgroup at and increased risk can be identified, may guide future treatments for instance the need for components aimed at neurological pain. The primary aim is to measure local and remote pressure pain thresholds in patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients compared to matched controls. Secondary aims will consider the relationship between pressure pain thresholds and patellofemoral pain/patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity and knee function. Methods A total of 13 patellofemoral pain patients, 15 patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and 54 age and sex matched controls were recruited from UK male and female adults. Demographic details, Tegner activity level score, symptom duration, Kujala score (for patellofemoral pain severity), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score score (for patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity) and Whatman score rating of five single leg squats (for knee function) were recorded. Pressure pain thresholds were measured at six sites: five local around the knee, one remote on the contralateral leg. Between-group differences were tested using analysis of variance techniques. Strength of association between pressure pain thresholds and patellofemoral pain/patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity and knee function were tested using Spearman's rank order correlation. Results No statistically significant difference in pressure pain thresholds were identified between the patellofemoral pain patients and matched controls (F(1,31)=0.687, P=0.413, h2=0.022). Similarly, no difference in pressure pain thresholds were identified between the patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and matched controls (F(1,47)=0.237, P=0.629, h2=0.005). Conclusions Contrary to the hypothesis, no difference was found between patellofemoral pain nor patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and matched controls.
Our Pathway To A Successful Non-Medical Research Strategy – A Culture Shift Five Years On
Authors: Jaggi Anju , Gilbert Anthony , Cairns Mindy , Dalton Rachel 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims There is increasing evidence that research-active healthcare provider organisations provide better quality care, increased treatment options and improved clinical outcomes. Delivering evidence based clinical care and a high academic profile was identified as a key strategic objective at a tertiary orthopaedic hospital in the UK. Methods In 2013, the organisation appointed a Director of Therapies and a Consultant physiotherapist with protected time to develop a therapies research strategy. Focus groups were held across the directorate (140 staff across all pay bands and grades including non-professional staff) to identify current research activity, barriers and enablers to developing a research active department. Data were analysed thematically and findings used to inform a 5-year research strategy. Results Five key actions were identified: (1) identifying research programmes in clinical teams; (2) research as a key team objective; (3) provide appropriate research training and education; (4) identify talent and research champions; (5) develop external collaborations with appropriate academic and commercial partners. In 2014, a commercial grant was successful and a therapies research coordinator was appointed to support staff training and research processes. In 2016, a 2-year grant received from the hospital charity supported this ongoing role alongside funding with a higher education institute to provide methodological support, writing skills and grant applications. To date, this has resulted in six peer-reviewed articles and further external funding. Novice researchers have been supported resulting in a National Institute for Health Research PhD fellowship and two National Institute for Health Research internships to build capability. Clinical teams have identified research programmes to maximise resources and time. Of the total number of registered projects, 41% of were submitted to national/international scientific conferences compared to only 16% in 2014. Conclusions The key to a successful research strategy in a clinical setting requires clear strategic support, leadership, talent spotting and training. However, dedicated resources and investment is required for delivery of projects to publications.
What Is The Effect Of Communication Technology On The Work Of Being A Patient In Orthopaedics? A Systematic Review
Authors: Gilbert Anthony , Jaggi Anju , Jones Jeremy , May Carl 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims Physiotherapy consultations in an orthopaedic setting often require visualisation and a ‘hands on’ approach. There has been an increasing number of research studies exploring the effectiveness and acceptability of telephone and videoconferencing consultations within orthopaedics. Much of the drive behind this change has been to improve access to care and to link the clinic to the home environment. The introduction of communication technology consultations requires a shift in patient workload, which may impact on patient experience of accessing healthcare and managing their condition. The purpose of this research is to systematically review qualitative papers reporting communication technology consultations (phone and videoconference) in orthopaedics. Attention will be focused towards the effect of communication technology on the workload of being a patient. Methods The protocol for the systematic review was registered and is available to view on the PROSPERO database (CRD42018100896). MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, PsychINFO, SCOPUS databases were independently searched, using the search strategy, by two researchers to identify qualitative papers reporting communication technology use in an orthopaedics setting. Data from Introduction, Results and Discussion sections were extracted and an attribution of statements formulated. All statements were thematically analysed into families of themes surrounding patient workload. Results The search identified 1542 papers that were included for review and eight full texts met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Two studies reported telephone consultations and six reported real time videoconferencing consultations. Six families of themes were identified: (1) skills; (2) clinical interactions; (3) environment; (4) processes; (5) impact on patient; (6) preferences. Conclusions Literature on the use of communication technologies in healthcare, such as videoconferencing and telephone consultations, is growing in orthopaedics. Qualitative papers highlight the benefits and challenges of communication technology consultations. This review synthesises the change in the workload that patient's face when using these technologies. These altered demands of communication technology consultations affect the patient's experience of accessing healthcare. Consideration of these factors and tailored individualised support for patients may enhance the patient experience and increase suitability of communication technology consultations for orthopaedic patients.
Patient-Based Real-Time Quality Control: Review and Recommendations
Authors: Badrick Tony , Bietenbeck Andreas , Cervinski Mark A , Katayev Alex , van Rossum Huub H , Loh Tze Ping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor many years the concept of patient-based quality control (QC) has been discussed and implemented in hematology laboratories; however, the techniques have not been widely implemented in clinical chemistry. This is mainly because of the complexity of this form of QC, as it needs to be optimized for each population and often for each analyte. However, the clear advantages of this form of QC, together with the ongoing realization of the shortcomings of “conventional” QC, have driven a need to provide guidance to laboratories to assist in deploying patient-based QC. This overview describes the components of a patient-based QC system (calculation algorithm, block size, truncation limits, control limits) and the relationship of these to the analyte being controlled. We also discuss the need for patient-based QC system optimization using patient data from the individual testing laboratory to reliably detect systematic errors while ensuring that there are few false alarms. The term patient-based real-time quality control covers many activities that use data from patient samples to detect analytical errors. These activities include the monitoring of patient population parameters such as the mean or median analyte value or using single within-patient changes such as the delta check. In this report, we will restrict the discussion to population-based parameters. This overview is intended to serve as a guide for the implementation of a patient-based QC system. The report does not cover the clinical evaluation of the population.
EXTRACTION SPECIMENS BASED ON THE BUCKTHORN BARK AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO IDENTIFY ANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES INCLUDED
Authors: Borovikova Natal'ya Anatol'yevna 
Published: July 2019

The article provides an overview of drugs based on buckthorn bark included in the State register of medicines of the Russian Federation and patented in recent years. The methods of quantitative determination of anthracenes-derived raw materials of buckthorn according to the state Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XI and XIII editions and the European Pharmacopoeia are analyzed and presented in the comparative aspect. The main representatives of the anthracene-derived buckthorn are shown for a number of sources, taking into account modern phytochemical studies. The algorithm of development of a technique of spectrophotometric quantitative determination of anthracenes derivatives in buckthorn bark and extraction preparations from it is gradually presented. Studied and selected the optimal conditions of extraction: raw material grinding – 1 mm, extractant – 10% sodium hydroxide solution, the ratio of raw materials and extractant – 0.1 : 100, the extraction temperature in a water bath 100 °C, the duration of extraction – 30 minutes. The analytical maximum of 510 nm was established, a certified sample of frangul-emodin was used as a standard substance, and an experimental calculation of the specific absorption rate of frangul-emodin interaction products with an alkaline-ammonia mixture was presented. In the research we describe an optimized pharmacopoeial methodology, metrological characterizations and results of quantitative determination of the anthracene derivatives in aqueous and alcohol extracts based on the buckthorn bark. The content of the amount of anthracenes in the samples of raw materials of five domestic producers. The content varies from 4.35 to 4.85%.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC SUBSTRATE BASED ON PEAT AND STRAW FOR THE CULTIVATION OF MUSHROOMS PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS
Authors: Leonov Vadim Vyacheslavovich , Prontisheva Svetlana Pavlovna , Bulatov Ivan Aleksandrovich , Leonova Lyubov' Vyacheslavovna , Efanov Maksim Viktorovich , Ananina Irina Viktorovna 
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to optimize the composition of lignocellulosic substrate based on peat and straw for growing fungi Pleurotus ostreatus. To achieve this goal, the following main tasks were set: analysis of the initial plant raw materials of peat and straw; study of the effect of an aqueous extract of peat on the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus; study of the effect of the component composition of the substrate on the cultivation of oyster mushrooms.
Investigated the influence of the following relations medium : an aqueous extract of peat– 1 : 1; 1 : 2; 1 : 3; 1 : 4 and 1 : 10. The growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus was controlled by reducing the concentration of glucose and increasing the concentration of total protein in the culture medium. The kinetic characteristics of the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus are determined from changes in the mass fractions of lignin, cellulose, easily and hardly hydrolyzed polysaccharides in substrates depending on the duration of cultivation of oyster mushrooms.
It is shown that the lignocarbon straw complex is more available for biodegradation than the lignocarbon peat complex. It was found that the addition of peat to the substrate together with straw creates optimal conditions for the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus. To optimize the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, it is advisable to recommend a combined substrate with the following ratios of peat to breakage – 30 : 70% or 40 : 60%, respectively.
RECEIVING OIL FROM CLOUDBERRIES FRUITS BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION
Authors: Ivakhnov Artyom Dmitrievich , Sadkova Kristina Sergeevna , Sobashnikova Alina Sergeyevna , Skrebets Tat'yana Eduardovna , Bogdanov Mikhail Vladislavovich 
Published: July 2019

Comparative researches of ways of oil extraction from the fulfilled fruits of cloudberries (Rubus chamaemorus) with application of hexane and supercritical carbon dioxide as solvents are executed. Optimization is performed and optimum conditions of supercritical fluid extraction of oil are defined with use of central composite design of 2nd order. Pressure of carbon dioxide of 350 atm, temperature 85 °C, duration of extraction of 80 min are the optimum conditions of carrying out of the process. The yield of oil is 9.0%. Quality key indicators of the received oil were defined. The difference between the oil received by the SKF-CO2 method and the oil received by hexane extraction consists in improvement of organoleptic properties, the raised share of the combined fatty acids at decrease of a share of the free acids and high content of unsaturated fatty acids. It is shown that supercritical carbon dioxide can be an alternative to the hydrocarbons which are traditionally used for these purposes.