bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequelae of Facial Palsy: A Comprehensive Treatment
Authors: Guerreschi Pierre , Labbé Daniel 
Published: October 2019

Learning Objectives:
After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Identify the different types of facial paralysis sequelae and define the several medical and surgical techniques commonly available today. 2. Develop a surgical plan to restore symmetry of the face at rest and in dynamic expressions and manage the patient during smile rehabilitation after dynamic smile reanimation with regional or free muscle transfer. 3. Understand the different types of facial paralysis sequelae and know the several medical and surgical techniques commonly available today. 4. Establish a comprehensive treatment plan to restore symmetry of the face at rest and in dynamic expressions and support the patient during smile rehabilitation after dynamic smile reanimation with regional or free muscle transfer.

Summary:
Sequelae of facial palsy have a negative impact on the cosmetic aspect and functions of the face. They bear severe consequences for patients with regard to their body image and social relationships. There are numerous medical and surgical treatments that should be proposed to patients to achieve comprehensive facial symmetry. The key to an adapted therapeutic choice, to achieve the best outcomes for patients, is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the paralyzed face and have broad knowledge of the several techniques described over time in the literature. The patient should be informed of the different therapeutic alternatives, their implications, and their limits. With this article, readers will be able to accurately diagnose the different types of facial paralysis sequelae to develop a surgical plan adapted to each case to restore symmetry at rest and in motion.
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Ovarian Mesothelioma
Authors: Sun Rui , Chen Yue , Huang Zhanwen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ovarian mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumor. Early diagnosis of the disease is difficult, delaying effective treatment. Here we report a 50-year-old woman who was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging to assess her newly detected left ovarian mass. The images not only demonstrated a hypermetabolic mass in the left ovary, but also several hepatic low densities with increased FDG uptake, which suggested ovarian malignancy with hepatic metastases. Mesothelioma was diagnosed histopathologically following the biopsy. Our case demonstrates PET/CT findings observed in ovarian mesothelioma.
Veau III and Veau IV Cleft Palate: Do Peri-Operative Complications Differ?
Authors: Chouairi Fouad , Mets Elbert J. , Gabrick Kyle S. , Alperovich Michael 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
The Veau classification represents the most commonly used system for characterizing cleft palate severity. Conflicting evidence exists as to how increasing Veau classification affects outcomes. This study compared perioperative outcomes between Veau III and IV cleft palate repairs.

Methods:
The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database was used to identify cleft palate repairs between 2012 and 2016 using CPT codes. Patients with alveolar bone grafts were excluded. Veau III (unilateral) and Veau IV (bilateral) cleft palate repairs were identified using International Classification of Disease code 9 and 10 (ICD-9 and -10 codes. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and adverse events were compared between the cohorts.

Results:
A total of 5026 patients underwent cleft palate repair between 2012 and 2016. Of the 2114 patients with identifiable Veau classification, 1302 had Veau III cleft palates and 812 had Veau IV cleft palates.
The Veau IV cleft palate patient population was older (377.8 versus 354.1 days, P < 0.001) and had significantly more comorbidities including a higher incidence of chronic lung disease (P = 0.014), airway abnormalities (P = 0.001), developmental delay (P = 0.018), structural central nervous system deformities (P < 0.001), and nutritional support (P < 0.001). Veau IV cleft palate repairs also had longer operative times (153.2 versus 140.2 minutes, P < 0.001). Despite significant differences in comorbidities and perioperative factors, there were no differences in 30-day complications, readmissions, or reoperation rates between Veau III and IV cleft palate repairs.

Conclusions:
Patients undergoing Veau IV cleft palate repair have a significantly greater number of comorbidities than Veau III cleft palate repairs. Despite differences in patient populations, 30-day surgical outcomes are comparable between the cohorts.
Lupus auto-antibodies act as positive allosteric modulators at NMDA receptors and induce spatial memory deficits
Authors: Chan Kelvin , Nestor Jacquelyn , Huerta Tomás S. , Certain Noele , Moody Gabrielle , Kowal Czeslawa , Huerta Patricio T. , Volpe Bruce T. , Diamond Betty , Wollmuth Lonnie P. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTPatients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience various peripheral and central nervous system manifestations including spatial memory impairment. A subset of auto-antibodies (DNRAbs) cross-react with the GluN2A and GluN2B subunits of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR). We find that these DNRAbs act as positive allosteric modulators on NMDARs with GluN2A-containing NMDARs, even those containing a single GluN2A subunit, exhibiting a much greater sensitivity to DNRAbs than those with exclusively GluN2B. Accordingly, GluN2A-specific antagonists provide greater protection from DNRAb-mediated neuronal cell death than GluN2B antagonists. Using transgenic mice to perturb expression of either GluN2A or GluN2B in vivo, we find that DNRAb-mediated disruption of spatial memory characterized by early neuronal cell death and subsequent microglia-dependent pathologies requires GluN2A-containing NMDARs. Our results indicate that GluN2A-specific antagonists or negative allosteric modulators are strong candidates to treat SLE patients with nervous system dysfunction.
Automated analysis of sleep in adultC. eleganswith closed-loop assessment of state-dependent neural activity
Authors: Lawler Daniel E. , Chew Yee Lian , Hawk Josh D. , Aljobeh Ahmad , Schafer William R. , Albrecht Dirk R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSleep, a state of quiescence associated with growth and restorative processes, is conserved across species. Invertebrates including the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansexhibit sleep-like states during development and periods of satiety and stress. Here we describe two methods to study behavior and associated neural activity during sleep and awake states in adultC. elegans. A large microfluidic device facilitates population-wide assessment of long-term sleep behavior over 12 h, including effects of fluid flow, oxygen, feeding, odors, and genetic perturbations. Smaller devices allow simultaneous recording of sleep behavior and neuronal activity, and a closed-loop sleep detection system delivers chemical stimuli to individual animals to assess sleep-dependent changes to neural responses. Sleep increased the arousal threshold to aversive chemical stimulation, yet sensory neuron (ASH) and first-layer interneuron (AIB) responses were unchanged. This localizes adult sleep-dependent neuromodulation within interneurons presynaptic to the AVA premotor interneurons, rather than afferent sensory circuits.
Determinism and stochasticity in seed dispersal-successional feedbacks
Authors: Nuñez Nohemi Huanca , Chazdon Robin L. , Russo Sabrina E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRegeneration of tropical secondary forests depends critically on seed input, and yet successional dynamics of seed dispersal remain poorly understood. We investigated the role of stochastic vs. deterministic processes in structuring seed rain in successional forests using four years of seed rain data collected at two time periods in four tropical secondary forest fragments representing a chronosequence and in mature forest. Determinism in successional trajectories is defined as predictable, directional, and orderly changes in community structure through time, resulting in convergence toward a climax community. We found that with increasing successional age, the community assembly of the seed rain in secondary forests became more deterministic, and community structure converged to that in the mature forest, both in terms of taxonomic and functional composition. Taxonomic similarity of the seed rain in successional forest to that of the mature forest increased with successional age, as did species co-occurrence and the percentage of shared species between the seed rain of successional and mature forests. The proportions of large, shade-tolerant species in the seed rain increased with successional age, although the proportion of animal-dispersed species increased only modestly. Analyses of the spatial variation in community structure in the seed rain among sites within each secondary forest showed evidence that assembly processes transitioned from being deterministic and convergent early on, to purely stochastic, and then to deterministic and divergent later in succession. Moreover, with increasing successional age, the composition of the seed rain became more similar to that of the mature woody stems in the forest, which could be an important deterministic driver of successional change, that, along with among site variation in landscape context and environment, could also generate idiosyncratic successional patterns among secondary forest fragments Our results suggest that the dominant processes influencing seed dispersal and assembly of the seed rain change during succession and point to successional feedbacks influencing the seed rain that are likely to shape regeneration trajectories.
3D-Cardiomics: A spatial transcriptional atlas of the mammalian heart
Authors: Mohenska Monika , Tan Nathalia M. , Tokolyi Alex , Furtado Milena B. , Costa Mauro W. , Perry Andrew J. , Hatwell-Humble Jessica , van Duijvenboden Karel , Nim Hieu T. , Nilsson Susan K. , Powell David R. , Rosenthal Nadia A. , Rossello Fernando J. , Ramialison Mirana , Polo Jose M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnderstanding spatial gene expression and regulation is key to uncovering developmental and physiological processes, during homeostasis and disease. Numerous techniques exist to gain gene expression and regulation information, but very few utilise intuitive true-to-life three-dimensional representations to analyze and visualize results. Here we combined spatial transcriptomics with 3D modelling to represent and interrogate, transcriptome-wide, three-dimensional gene expression and location in the mouse adult heart. Our study has unveiled specific subsets of genes that display complex spatial expression in organ sub-compartments. Also, we created a web-based user interface for spatial transcriptome analysis and visualization. The application may be accessed fromhttp://3d-cardiomics.erc.monash.edu/.
Development of a lipid-based delivery system for the chemotherapeutic compound SN-38
Authors: Cantón Alicia Soler , van den Broek Niels , Danelon Christophe 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSN-38 is a chemotherapeutic compound with potent antitumor effects. However, its clinical application is currently limited due to its poor solubility and low stability at physiological pH. Liposomes and cyclodextrins have been long studied for the solubilization and delivery of hydrophobic compounds. Aiming to combine the advantages from both systems, we attempted to develop an SN-38-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposome formulation. We found that the encapsulation of SN-38-SBE-β-CD inclusion complexes in the lumen of liposomes was not possible, owing to the disassembly of liposomes and the formation of lipid nanoparticles, as revealed by size exclusion chromatography and single nanoparticle fluorescence microscopy. Interestingly, the retention time of SN-38 inside SN-38-SBE-β-CD-lipid nanoparticles is higher than in liposomes, whereby SN-38 was directly loaded into the lipid film. The toxicity of purified SN-38-SBE-β-CD- lipid nanoparticles was assayed in cultured cancer cells, showing no therapeutic advantage compared to bulk SN-38-SBE-β-CD complexes. Further formulation optimization, in particular an increased concentration of the nanoparticles, will be necessary to obtain cytotoxicity effects. Moreover, the results highlight the value of fluorescence imaging of single, surface-immobilized nanoparticles, in the development of liposomal delivery systems such as drug-in-cyclodextrin- in-liposomes.
Dual-targeted transcription factors are required for optimal photosynthesis and stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Gawroński Piotr , Burdiak Paweł , Scharff Lars B. , Mielecki Jakub , Zaborowska Magdalena , Waszczak Cezary , Karpiński Stanisław 
Published: October 2019

SummaryChloroplast to nucleus retrograde signaling is essential for cell function, acclimation to fluctuating environmental conditions, plant growth and development. The vast majority of chloroplast proteins are nuclear-encoded and must be imported into the organelle after synthesis in the cytoplasm. This import is essential for the development of fully functional chloroplasts. On the other hand, functional chloroplasts act as sensors of environmental changes and can trigger acclimatory responses that influence nuclear gene expression. Signaling via mobile transcription factors (TFs) has been recently recognized as a way of communication between organelles and the nucleus. In this study, we performed a targeted reverse genetic screen to identify novel dual-localized TFs involved in chloroplast retrograde signaling during stress responses. We found that CHLOROPLAST IMPORT APPARATUS 2 (CIA2), a TF with putative plastid transit peptide can be detected in chloroplasts and the nucleus. Further, we found that CIA2, along with its homolog CIA2-like (CIL) act in an unequally redundant manner and are involved in the regulation of Arabidopsis responses to UV-AB, high light, and heat shock. Finally, our results suggest that both CIA2 and CIL are crucial for chloroplast translation. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of signaling events in the chloroplast-nucleus cross-talk.SignificanceWe found that a transcription factor CIA2 can be located in chloroplasts and nucleus. CIA2 and is close homolog CIL are involved in protein translation and abiotic stress responses, and we suggest that they play an essential role in retrograde signaling between these organelles.
A cyanide-bridged FeIII–MnII heterobimetallic one-dimensional coordination polymer: synthesis, crystal structure, experimental and theoretical magnetism investigation
Authors: Lan Wenlong , Zhou Zhen , Li Jie , Dou Yong , Hao Xiaoyun , Yang Lu , Liu Hui , Li Dacheng , Liu Qingyun , Zhang Daopeng 
Published: October 2019

A new cyanide-bridged FeIII–MnII heterobimetallic coordination polymer (CP), namely catena-poly[[[N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bis(pyridine-2-carboxamidato)-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′]iron(III)]-μ-cyanido-κ2
C:N-[bis(4,4′-bipyridine-κN)bis(methanol-κO)manganese(II)]-μ-cyanido-κ2
N:C], {[FeMn(C18H12N4O2)(CN)2(C10H8N2)2(CH3OH)2]ClO4}
n
, (1), was prepared by the self-assembly of the trans-dicyanidoiron(III)-containing building block [Fe(bpb)(CN)2]− [bpb2− = N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bis(pyridine-2-carboxamidate)], [Mn(ClO4)2]·6H2O and 4,4′-bipyridine, and was structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that CP 1 possesses a cationic linear chain structure consisting of alternating cyanide-bridged Fe–Mn units, with free perchlorate as the charge-balancing anion, which can be further extended into a two-dimensional supramolecular sheet structure via inter-chain π–π interactions between the 4,4′-bipyridine ligands. Within the chain, each MnII ion is six-coordinated by an N6 unit and is involved in a slightly distorted octahedral coordination geometry. Investigation of the magnetic properties of 1 reveals an antiferromagnetic coupling between the cyanide-bridged FeIII and MnII ions. A best fit of the magnetic susceptibility based on the one-dimensional alternating chain model leads to the magnetic coupling constants J
1 = −1.35 and J
2 = −1.05 cm−1, and the antiferromagnetic coupling was further confirmed by spin Hamiltonian-based density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations.
K&T Proyectos SAC: when ethics are more important than business
Authors: Meier Antonio Eduardo 
Published: October 2019

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: The importance of doing business ethically; how to build trust relationships; how to develop a market; and how to react to a change in business and trust conditions.

Case overview/synopsis
The case is about the importance of doing business in an ethical manner. In how you can build trust relationships between supplier companies and buyers, and how that strong relationship can be destroyed by short-term interest, affecting the viability of business.

Complexity academic level
The case could be taught to undergraduate students who are studying Business Administration. The case could also be applied in MBA programs.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 5: International Business
Psycho-attitudinal features: a study of female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sabri Maram Saeed , Thomas Keith 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate psycho-attitudinal features in female entrepreneurs participating in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia, using the Big Five model of personality traits and risk propensity. These attitudes, further grouped into three broad categories, namely, fixed, moderate and growth-oriented mindsets, are used to illustrate the collective impact of attitude over the entrepreneurial process.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is a quantitative study, using a survey to registered business owners and entrepreneurs operating in micro, small and medium businesses in Riyadh, Makkah and Eastern Province, three major administration areas of Saudi Arabia. Survey distribution was through the Chamber of Commerce located in each city. In total, 701 questionnaires were collected with 232 completed responses suitable for use in the study’s empirical findings. The overall response rate was 33 per cent.

Findings
The paper provides practical insights into gender-specific attitudes, including reported variance over the entrepreneurial process. It shows that attitude is an equally predominant feature for both genders through all business stages, with female entrepreneurs reporting a slightly higher growth-oriented attitude relative to their male counterparts. Overall, significant differences were noted between gender and business stages for five of the six-attitudinal growth subscales. From a policy perspective, noting the country’s plan for economic reform and desire for greater participation by women, there are important questions that arise concerning the impact of incentive devices and policy measures.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of this study is in the number of women participants, which was small. As participation rates for women rise, there is a good opportunity for future analysis to extend this current study’s findings.

Practical implications
The research uses the Big Five model and risk propensity to explore the important role of attitude in female entrepreneurs. Noting the moderating influence of factors in the macro-environment and the pervasive impact of social norms on women, this study flags some implications for government and policymakers in formulating supportive policies to enable greater uptake by women entrepreneurs with growth-oriented mindsets.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on the role of gender-specific attitudes through the business stages. This paper presents original research on the attitudes of women in the context of Arabic society.
Announcements effect of corporate bond issuance on share price returns
Authors: M’ng Jacinta Chan Phooi , Rahman Mahfuzur , Kit Goh Kok 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of bond issuance announcements on share price returns in three emerging markets and examine the characteristics of bond issues that affect the abnormal share price returns of the company.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs event study, correlation and multiple regression techniques to attain the research objectives. The authors test hypotheses on 105 public listed companies from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, during the period of 2008–2014.FindingsThe findings show positive cumulative average abnormal returns resulting from the announcement of corporate bond issuance for Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. The results reveal that there is a significant effect of bond issuance announcements on share price returns. The results also disclose that the market is not efficient at its semi-strong form as proposed by the market efficiency hypothesis.Originality/valueThe results provide better references for fund managers and investors in capital markets to take advantage of the abnormal returns resulting from bond issuance announcements.
A systematic literature review of healthcare supply chain and implications of future research
Authors: Dixit Anuj , Routroy Srikanta , Dubey Sunil Kumar 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to review the healthcare supply chain (HSC) literature along various areas and to find out the gap in it.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 143 research papers were reviewed during 1996-2017. A critical review was carried out in various dimensions such as research methodologies/data collection method (empirical, case study and literature review) and inquiry mode of research methodology (qualitative, quantitative and mixed), country-specific, targeted area, research aim and year of publication.

Findings
Supply chain (SC) operations, performance measurement, inventory management, lean and agile operation, and use of information technology were well studied and analyzed, however, employee and customer training, tracking and visibility of medicines, cold chain management, human resource practices, risk management and waste management are felt to be important areas but not much attention were made in this direction.

Research limitations/implications
Mainly drug and vaccine SC were considered in current study of HSC while SC along healthcare equipment and machine, hospitality and drug manufacturing related papers were excluded in this study.

Practical implications
This literature review has recognized and analyzed various issues relevant to HSC and shows the direction for future research to develop an efficient and effective HSC.

Originality/value
The insight of various aspects of HSC was explored in general for better and deeper understanding of it for designing of an efficient and competent HSC. The outcomes of the study may form a basis to decide direction of future research.