bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the large R-charge $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 chiral correlators and the Toda equation
Authors: Beccaria Matteo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

We consider

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 2 SU(N) SQCD in four dimensions and a weak-coupling regime with large R-charge recently discussed in arXiv:1803.00580. If φ denotes the adjoint scalar in the

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 2 vector multiplet, it has been shown that the 2-point functions in the sector of chiral primaries (Trφ
2)
n
admit a finite limit when g
YM → 0 with large R-charge growing like ∼ 1/g
YM
2
. The correction with respect to

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 4 correlators is a non-trivial function F(λ; N) of the fixed coupling λ = n g
YM
2
and the gauge algebra rank N. We show how to exploit the Toda equation following from the tt
* equations in order to control the R-charge dependence. This allows to determine F(λ; N) at order

$$ \mathcal{O} $$

O

(λ10) for generic N, greatly extending previous results and placing on a firmer ground a conjecture proposed for the SU(2) case. We show that a similar Toda equation, discussed in the past, may indeed be used for the additional sector (Trφ
2)
n
Trφ
3 due to the special mixing properties of these composite operators on the 4-sphere. We discuss the large R-limit in this second case and compute the associated scaling function F at order

$$ \mathcal{O} $$

O

(λ
7) and generic N. Large N factorization is also illustrated as a check of the computation.
Active management of atrial fibrillation or flutter in emergency department patients with renal impairment is associated with a higher risk of adverse events and treatment failure
Authors: Scheuermeyer Frank X. , Wong Hubert , Barrett Tyler W. , Christenson Jim , Grafstein Eric , Grunau Brian , Wiens Matt , Innes Grant 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveAtrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) patients with renal impairment have poor long-term prognosis, but their emergency department (ED) management has not been described. We investigated the association of renal impairment upon outcomes after rate or rhythm control (RRC) including ED-based adverse events (AE) and treatment failure.MethodsThis cohort study used an electrocardiogram database from two urban centres to identify consecutive AFF patients and reviewed charts to obtain comorbidities, ED management, including RRC, prespecified AE, and treatment failure. Patients were dichotomized into a normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or impaired renal function (“low eGFR”). Primary and secondary outcomes were prespecified AEs and treatment failure, respectively. We calculated 1) adjusted excess AE risk for patients with decreased renal function receiving RRC; and 2) adjusted odds ratio of RRC treatment failure.ResultsOf 1,112 consecutive ED AFF patients, 412 (37.0%) had a low eGFR. Crude AE rates for RRC were 27/238 (11.3%) for patients with normal renal function and 26/103 (25.2%) for patients with low eGFR. For patients with low eGFR receiving RRC, adjusted excess AE risk was 13.7%. (95% CI 1.7 to 25.1%). For patients with low eGFR, adjusted odds ratio for RRC failure was 3.07. (95% CI 1.74 to 5.43)ConclusionsIn this cohort of ED AFF patients receiving RRC, those with low eGFR had significantly increased adjusted excess risk of AE compared with patients with normal renal function. Odds of treatment failure were also significantly increased.
Associations of dietary energy density with body composition and cardiometabolic risk in children with overweight and obesity: role of energy density calculations, under-reporting energy intake and physical activity
Authors: Gomez-Bruton Alejandro , Arenaza Lide , Medrano Maria , Mora-Gonzalez Jose , Cadenas-Sanchez Cristina , Migueles Jairo H. , Muñoz-Hernández Victoria , Merchan-Ramirez Elisa , Martinez-Avila Wendy Daniela , Maldonado Jose , Oses Maddi , Tobalina Ignacio , Gracia-Marco Luis , Vicente-Rodriguez German , Ortega Francisco B. , Labayen Idoia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study examined (1) the association of dietary energy density from solid (EDS) and solid plus liquids (EDSL) with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) in children with overweight and obesity, (2) the effect of under-reporting on the mentioned associations and (3) whether the association between ED and body composition and CRF is influenced by levels of physical activity. In a cross-sectional design, 208 overweight and obese children (8–12-year-old; 111 boys) completed two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. ED was calculated using two different approaches: EDS and EDSL. Under-reporters were determined with the Goldberg method. Body composition, anthropometry and fasting blood sample measurements were performed. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was registered with accelerometers (7-d-register). Linear regressions were performed to evaluate the association of ED with the previously mentioned variables. Neither EDS nor EDSL were associated with body composition or CRF. However, when under-reporters were excluded, EDS was positively associated with BMI (P=0·019), body fat percentage (P=0·005), abdominal fat (P=0·008) and fat mass index (P=0·018), while EDSL was positively associated with body fat percentage (P=0·008) and fat mass index (P=0·026). When stratifying the group according to physical activity recommendations, the aforementioned associations were only maintained for non-compliers. Cluster analysis showed that the low-ED and high-MVPA group presented the healthiest profile for all adiposity and CRF. These findings could partly explain inconsistencies in literature, as we found that different ED calculations entail distinct results. Physical activity levels and excluding under-reporters greatly influence the associations between ED and adiposity in children with overweight and obesity.
Modelling of growth alteration in Japanese quail after a selection experiment for body weight at 4 weeks of age
Authors: Abou Khadiga G. , Mahmoud B. Y. F. , El-Full E. A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe current study investigated the influence of selection for body weight (BW) on growth curve parameters in two lines of Japanese quail through a mixed model approach. Live BWs of 1400 Japanese quail were recorded at 3-day intervals from hatching to 42 days of age. Birds were distributed equally across lines (selected and control) and sexes (male and female). The asymptotic weight parameter (β0) values were always higher in Gompertz than Richards models in both lines. The values ofβ0were higher in the selected than control lines and in females than males across models. Differences were found in the inflection point for age and weight across lines and sexes. Values of the growth rate parameter (β2) ranged from 0.06 to 0.10 in both models, favouring males over females in both lines. Lower weights at the inflection point of both models were observed in the control line. Determination coefficient (R2) of both models in different genetic groups and sexes was similar. Mean square error (MSE) values of the Gompertz model were lower for females in selectedv.control lines. In contrast, MSE values of the Richards model were lower for selected malesv.control males. According to the criteria of choice (highestR2and lowest MSE, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion), the Richards model was considered the best fitting model for the growth data of males, while the Gompertz model was the best for growth data of female quails in both lines.
Parasite diversity associated with African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) and the effect of host and environmental factors
Authors: Espinaze Marcela P. A. , Hui Cang , Waller Lauren , Dreyer Francois , Matthee Sonja 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) is a critically endangered species endemic to southern Africa. Limited information is available on the parasite diversity associated with the species in natural settings. This study explores the diversity and incidence of parasites associated with African penguins and their nests, and records the effect of host and environmental factors on parasite infestation. Ecto-, haemo- and helminth parasites were recorded from 210 adult birds, 583 chicks and 628 nests across five colonies (two mainland and three islands) along the south-western coast of South Africa, in 2016 and 2017. Mean nest density (total and active nests) and climate variables (temperature and precipitation) were obtained for each colony.Parapsyllus humboldtiwas the most abundant and prevalent ectoparasite on penguins and in nests (69.10 and 57.80%, respectively), while Piroplasmorida/Haemospororida (33.51%) andCardiocephaloidesspp. (56.17%) were the most prevalent haemo- and helminth parasites of penguins, respectively. In general parasite abundance and prevalence was significantly affected by penguin age (chicksvsadults), location (mainlandvsislands), nest density (total and active nests) and season (springvsautumn/winter). It is concluded that parasite infestations are structured and that penguin chicks at mainland colonies are more susceptible to parasite infestations during spring.
Use of Kodak Tech-Pan Film at the Ukstu
Authors: Parker Q.A. , Phillipps S. , Morgan D.H. , Malin D.F. , Russell K.S. , Hartley M. , Savage A. 
Published: February 2019

Kodak Technical Pan (Tech Pan) emulsion is an extremely fine grained, high
resolution, panchromatic negative film with extended red sensitivity. It has been
produced under this name since about 1980 (Kodak P–255, 1981) and is available on
Kodak's Estar base in a number of thicknesses and sizes. The thick ∗∗base Tech Pan
is designated 4415 and has been used with great success by the amateur
astronomical community for many years (e.g. Martys 1991). Its astronomical
potential was recognised early by Everhart (1981). However, tests at professional
telescopes (e.g. West et al. 1981) and early sensitometer tests at the UK Schmidt
Telescope (UKST) in 1981 and 1987 were discontinued when the glass and film
samples did not respond well to normal hypersensitisation techniques. These and
other difficulties led to a lack of interest among the professional astronomical
community until quite recently (Russell et al. 1992; Parker &amp; Malin 1992).
The first successful use of 14 × 14 inch hypered Tech-Pan 4415 film in the UKST
was in March 1991. Films were obtained which exhibited excellent image quality and
resolution. Furthermore, in good seeing these appeared to be about 1 magnitude
deeper than the equivalent IIIa-F emulsion on glass but with considerably lower
grain noise. This result was achieved because two main problems associated with
Tech-Pan and film use in the UKST have been resolved. These were:

1)
obtaining Tech-Pan film with long exposure speed sufficient for deep
astronomical photography (i.e. reduction of low intenstiy reciprocity
failure);

2)
overcoming the practical difficulties of mounting large-format
flexible film at the UKST's curved focal surface.
Astrometric Programs by the New Hamburg Plate Measuring Machine
Authors: de Vegt Chr. , Winter L. , Zacharias N. 
Published: February 2019

With the new Hamburg astrometric measuring machine, large sets of plates can
be digitized very quickly with submicrometer accuracy. In particular about 2000
plates of the AGK2-catalog, mean epoch 1930, can be remeasured now for the first
time to their limiting magnitude, about B = 11. The new AGK2-data therefore will
cover practically the whole AC-catalog and TYCHO-stars in the northern
hemisphere.
All plates will be reduced using the HIPPARCOS results as the reference frame
when available in 1996. The new AGK2-data will provide a unique data base for the
determination of high accuracy proper motions (about 2 mas/yr) of all TYCHO stars
in the northern hemisphere. Furthermore, for the first time a dense reference
frame for a final reduction of the Astrographic Catalog (AC) and the large deep
sky surveys will be generated by this catalog. The inferior situation in the
southern hemisphere will be addressed briefly.
Some Results of CCD-Camera Based Astrometric Plate Measurements
Authors: Zacharias N. , de Vegt C. , Winter L. , Weneit W. 
Published: February 2019

A measuring accuracy of about 0.3 μm per coordinate for well exposed stellar
images is achieved over the entire usable measuring area of more than 200 × 200
mm2 with the CCD-camera upgrade of the ‘old’ Mann
comparator.
The external plate-to-plate comparison shows that the error due to emulsion
shifts dominates, which results in an overall accuracy of about 0.8 μm.
Digital Processing on Comets
Authors: Kubáček D. , Pittich E.M. , Zvolánková J. 
Published: February 2019

Several digital techniques have been used to remove large-scale background
variations caused by manufacturing and technology of the photographic processing
on old photographic plates ORWO ZU-21. Suppression of these large-scale background
variations improved the study of large-scale phenomena in cometary plasma tails
and the determination of the solar wind characteristics.
The results obtained from five images of the comet Bradfield 1987 XXIX have
been compared. It has been shown that the simple digital techniques used were
applicable also to photographic plates with images of lesser quality. They may be
utilized in the treatment of old photographic plate archives.
Data Storage Technology: Coping by the Evolution
Authors: Pirenne B. 
Published: February 2019

Modern astronomical data is now either produced directly in digital form or
converted from a high resolution analog medium to digital form. These data are
therefore best conserved and handled with computer techniques.
This paper will first define ‘computer storage technology’ as the set of
software and hardware tools needed to perform the management of an archive and the
control of the archiving and redistribution operations. Various implementation
choices that one faces when setting up an archive will be reviewed. The chasm
between the life expectancy of the stored data and that of the equipment and
procedures needed to handle it will be one of the most important points
considered.
Currently available technological solutions will be reviewed. Future trends
of the storage technology will be discussed in comparison with the expected data
production rate of the next generation astronomical instruments.
Aladin: An Interactive Deep Sky Mapping Facility
Authors: Paillou Ph. , Bonnarel F. , Ochsenbein F. , Crézé M. 
Published: February 2019

Any astronomer, whether preparing observation runs or reducing data, requires
access to information concerning the objects under investigation. Ideally the data
should be from several wavelengths and should be as quantitative as possible. This
leads to the concept of developing simultaneous interactive access to sky surveys,
initially at optical wavelengths, and with state-of-the-art information systems
for all field objects.
In order to satisfy this requirement, the CDS (Centre de Données
astronomiques de Strasbourg) is developing a ‘Deep Sky Mapping Facility’ project,
Aladin, which aims to connect the data stored at CDS (astronomical catalogues and
Simbad), to pixel data from continuously updated deep optical sky
surveys.
Vertical Metallicity Gradient of the Galaxy Based on UBV Starcount
Data
Authors: Yamagata T. , Yoshii Y. 
Published: February 2019

The spatial distribution of metal abundance in the Galaxy has been analyzed
using the UBV starcount data recently obtained in two high-latitude regions of the
North Galactic Pole (NGP) and Selected Area 54 (SA54).
A least-squares analysis was performed to determine the vertical metallicity
gradient for each of the thin and thick disk components that gives a reasonable
fit to the observed U-B and B-V colour distributions to V = 18 mag. The most
probable value of the vertical gradient is obtained as
d[Fe/H]/dz
= −0.5 kpc−1 for the thin disk, and −0.1
kpc−1 for the thick disk.
CCD Imaging of Nearby Aged Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Papamastorakis J. , Xilouris K.M. , Paleologou E.V. 
Published: February 2019

We present results from narrow band CCD images in Hα + [N II] and [O III] of
very faint, nearby (less than 0.5 kpc) planetary nebulae
(PNe), of large angular extent.
The instrumental set up used (Mount Skinakas Wide Field Camera) is capable of
detecting structures of large angular extent as faint as
10−17 ergs sec−1
cm−2 arcsec−2.
New faint structures are revealed mostly at large distances from the
suspected central star of the PNe studied. These structures are atypical of the
PNe population and hard to reconcile with the interacting stellar wind
evolutionary scenario. They are rather reminiscent of the interaction of the
former Red Giant Envelope with the ambient Interstellar Medium.
The characteristics of this aged sample are
asymmetric emission distribution, displacement of the central star, extremely low
expansion velocities, concentrations along the stellar motion, with the [O III]
emission amorphous and confined close to the center of the PN while the Hα + [N
II] emission is structured and more extended.
Mapping the Large-Scale Structure
Authors: de Lapparent V. 
Published: February 2019

The nearby galaxy distribution suggests a remarkable structure in which large
voids are delineated by dense walls of galaxies in a cell-like pattern. The nearby
voids range in diameter from ∼ 10 to ∼
50h−

1 Mpc. Deeper surveys appear to be consistent with the nearby
distribution and show no evidence of voids larger than ∼
100h
−1 ∗ Mpc. We might thus have reached the scale where the
universe becomes homogeneous. The size of the largest inhomogeneities in the
galaxy distribution is an important issue because it can put tight constraints on
the theoretical models when confronted by the high degree of isotropy of the
microwave background radiation.
Comparison of the various existing redshift surveys emphasizes the need for
systematic redshift surveys over significant areas of the sky out to intermediate
and large distances. Although deep pencil-beam surveys are best suited for probing
a large number of voids and walls, understanding the nature of the intercepted
peaks and valleys in terms of large-scale structure requires that the angular
coverage of the surveys be larger than the galaxy auto-correlation length. If this
condition is not satisfied, the size of the voids and the density contrast of the
walls can be overestimated.
An Overview of Wide Field Imaging
Authors: Trimble V. 
Published: February 2019

Wide field imaging can be subdivided in terms of wavelengths, the kinds of
emission sought, data types, richness of field, detector types, astronomical
objects to be investigated, and probably other ways. These are surveyed with
special reference to the talks given in Potsdam, ending with a handful of issues
about which disagreement, or at least discussion, persists.
Wide field can mean many things. V. Lipovetsky defined it as imaging with
107–8 elements or pixels per field. There are other
possibilities. For neutrinos, gravitational radiation, cosmic rays, and (some
kinds of) gamma rays, the whole sky is a single (very wide) field. At the other
extreme, the HST ‘wide field’ camera covers about 2′ and needs nearly 4 ×
107 exposures to survey the sky. In between, the POSS and
ESO/SERC Schmidt plates see 6° at a gulp, interestingly similar to the roughly 6°
sharp central cone of human vision (you can test this by holding a book at a
measured distance from your face and counting how many times your eyes jump in
reading a line).
Speaking truth to power: political advisers’ and civil servants’ responses to perceived harmful policy proposals
Authors: Niklasson Birgitta , Christiansen Peter Munk , Öhberg Patrik 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHow are civil servants and politically appointed advisers likely to respond to policy proposals that they believe will harm their countries severely even if they are legal? Based on the different loyalties and roles of political advisors (PA) and civil servants (CS), we hypothesise that (1) PAs are more likely to voice internally, (2) CSs are more likely to voice externally and (3) CSs in functionally politicised systems are more likely to stay silent. These hypotheses are tested on – and partially supported by – data collected through two surveys directed to the ministerial staffs in Denmark and Sweden. PAs are more likely to voice internally, but none of the two groups is particularly keen to voice externally. The propensity to voice concerns in case of perceived harmful policy proposals depends on the kind as well as the level of politicisation.
What is the economic concept of choice? An experimental philosophy study
Authors: Nagatsu Michiru , Põder Kaire 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEconomists and philosophers disagree about the concept of choice used in economics. Some behavioural economists argue that economic models of choice will improve as they become more and more psychologically realistic. Don Ross argues that this argument fails because its hidden assumption – that the economic concept of choice is the same as the psychological counterpart – is false. Ross conjectures that the economic concept of choice concerns a population-scale pattern of behavioural changes in response to incentives. We conduct a survey experiment to test two predictions that Ross’s conjecture generates. The statistical analysis of our data confirms our predictions, although with some qualifications. In interpreting our results, we distinguish two versions of commonsensible realism, strong and weak, and propose the weak one as a plausible explanation of our results. Weak commonsensible realism also produces further testable hypotheses. Some methodological implications of our study are discussed.
Food insecurity, psychosocial health and academic performance among college and university students in Georgia, USA
Authors: Raskind Ilana G , Haardörfer Regine , Berg Carla J 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether psychosocial health mediates the association between food insecurity and grade point average (GPA) among college and university students.DesignData for the present study are from a longitudinal cohort study. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the proposed mediation hypothesis. Food insecurity was measured using the US Department of Agriculture’s Six-Item Short Form. Psychosocial health was operationalized as a latent factor with three indicators: depression, anxiety and hope. Validated scales were used to measure each indicator. GPA was self-reported.SettingSeven colleges and universities in Georgia, USA.ParticipantsStudents aged 18–25 years were recruited via email and surveyed every four months over a two-year period (analyticn2377).ResultsApproximately 29 % of students were food insecure. In the final SEM, food insecurity was associated (standardizedβ,se) with poorer psychosocial health (0·22, 0·03,P<0·0001) and poorer psychosocial health was associated with a lower GPA (−0·21, 0·03,P<0·0001). The indirect effect of food security status on GPA, as mediated by psychosocial health, was significant (−0·05, 0·01,P<0·0001) and accounted for 73 % of the total effect. After accounting for psychosocial health, the direct effect of food security status on GPA was not significant (−0·02, 0·02,P=0·43).ConclusionsPsychosocial health may be an important mechanism through which food insecurity affects academic performance among college and university students. Multicomponent interventions that address immediate food security needs as well as co-occurring mental health and academic concerns are needed to ensure student success.