bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformational leadership, corporate social responsibility, organizational innovation, and organizational performance: Symmetrical and asymmetrical analytical approaches
Authors: Khan Haroon ur Rashid , Ali Murad , Olya Hossein G. T. , Zulqarnain Muhamamd , Khan Zubair Rashid 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance by evaluating the mediatory role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and organizational innovation which has received considerably less attention in the literature. This study introduces CSR and organizational innovation as potential mediators of relationships between the key constructs of transformational leadership and organizational performance. Sufficient direct and mediation effects of predictors were tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM) with data from 396 French firms. Sufficient configurations of the predictors indicating high and low scores of performance were explored using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The PLS‐SEM results show that both direct and indirect effects of transformational leadership on performance are significant. The fsQCA results reveal that a combination of CSR and transformational leadership leads to high performance. Alternately, high performance results from high innovation. This empirical study contributes to the current knowledge by applying both symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches to indicate performance at an organizational level. This study discusses the findings and provides theoretical, managerial, and research implications.
Base‐Free Dehydrogenation of Aqueous and Neat Formic Acid with Iridium(III) Cp*(dipyridylamine) Catalysts
Authors: Wang Shengdong , Huang Haiyun , Roisnel Thierry , Bruneau Christian , Fischmeister Cédric 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe selective dehydrogenation of formic acid by iridium(III) Cp*(dipyridylamine) catalysts is reported. The electron‐enriched catalyst [IrIIICp*{(4‐dimethylaminopyridin‐2‐yl‐κΝ)(pyridin‐2′‐yl‐κΝ)amine}(OSO3)] gave the best performances enabling the base free dehydrogenation of aqueous and neat formic acid. In both cases the reaction was selective with no carbon monoxide detectable. The IrIII complex demonstrated latent behavior, which may be of practical utility. Experimental results suggest an outer‐sphere interaction with the ligand.
Kron‐Branin modeling of symmetric star tree interconnect
Authors: Xu Zhifei , Ravelo Blaise , Maurice Olivier , Lalléchère Sébastien , Wan Fayu 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAn analytical modeling method of symmetric tree interconnect is developed in this paper. The tree topology is composed of multibranch distributed interconnects of printed circuit board (PCB). The interconnects are constituted by elementary transmission line (TL) defined by its characteristic impedance and propagation constant. The star symmetric tree model is built with the Kron‐Branin (KB) formalism elaborated with the graph topology. Reduction method allowing to simplify the graph from single‐input multiple‐output (SIMO) to single‐input single‐output (SISO) circuit is used. The interconnect tree branch currents are determined from the reduced SISO structure. The symmetric tree S‐parameter and access and transfer impedance models are expressed in function of constituting elementary TL parameters with the KB formalism. The particular behaviors of short‐circuit and open‐ended star tree are investigated versus the tree number of output branches. The developed KB model effectiveness is validated with microstrip star tree designed and simulated with a 3D electromagnetic computational and electronic circuit designer commercial tool. Three different proofs of concept (POC) of star trees comprised of three‐output, four‐output, and five‐output branches are computed. The simulated reflection and transmission coefficients from DC to 5 GHz are in good agreement with the KB models. The proposed model is potentially useful for the PCB complex interconnect modeling and signal integrity analysis.
Physiological factors influencing diabetes control in type 1 diabetes children with insulin pumps from diagnosis
Authors: Piechowiak Katarzyna , Szypowska Agnieszka 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to identify the physiological factors influencing diabetes control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) from diabetes diagnosis.MethodsThis study focused on 163 children (81 boys) initiated with CSII within 2 weeks after T1D recognition and treated for at least 3 years. We analysed fasting C‐peptide, GADA, ICA, IA2A, BMI z‐score, total daily dose, and basal insulin. Patients were divided into groups according to their metabolic control: 7.5% > HbA1c ≥ 7.5% at the end of the study.ResultsAt the end of the follow‐up, patients with HbA1c <7.5%, had a lower HbA1c level at diagnosis (11.7% vs 12.6%; P = 0.018), lower HbA1c level at both the first‐year (6.7% vs 7.3%; P = 0.000) and the second‐year (6.8% vs.7.7%; P = 0.000) follow‐up, and a lower GADA level (P = 0.001). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that HbA1c at diagnosis (P = 0.012), HbA1c at first year (P = 0.000), HbA1c at second year (P = 0.000), age at diagnosis (P = 0.047), GADA (P = 0.031), and basal insulin at third year (P = 0.032), influenced HbA1c <7.5% at the third year of follow‐up. At the end of the study, 76% of patients started with CSII at the age <10 years and 49% of subjects initiated with CSII at the age ≥10 years achieved HbA1c ≤7.5%.ConclusionsThis study shows that for those who initiated CSII at T1D onset, younger age, less intense autoimmune process, a low HbA1c at recognition, and good diabetes control during the first year of treatment were associated with long‐term optimal glycaemic control.
Aboveground forest carbon shows different responses to fire frequency in harvested and unharvested forests
Authors: Collins Luke , Bradstock Ross , Ximenes Fabiano , Horsey Bronwyn , Sawyer Robert , Penman Trent 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSequestration of carbon in forest ecosystems has been identified as an effective strategy to help mitigate the effects of global climate change. Prescribed burning and timber harvesting are two common, co‐occurring, forest management practices that may alter forest carbon pools. Prescribed burning for forest management, such as wildfire risk reduction, may shorten inter‐fire intervals and potentially reduce carbon stocks. Timber harvesting may further increase the susceptibility of forest carbon to losses in response to frequent burning regimes by redistributing carbon stocks from the live pools into the dead pools, causing mechanical damage to retained trees and shifting the demography of tree communities. We used a 27‐yr experiment in a temperate eucalypt forest to examine the effect of prescribed burning frequency and timber harvesting on aboveground carbon (AGC). Total AGC was reduced by ~23% on harvested plots when fire frequency increased from zero to seven fires, but was not affected by fire frequency on unharvested plots. The reduction in total AGC associated with increasing fire frequency on harvested plots was driven by declines in large coarse woody debris (≥10 cm diameter) and large trees (≥20 cm diameter). Small tree (<20 cm DBH) AGC increased with fire frequency on harvested plots, but decreased on unharvested plots. Carbon in dead standing trees decreased with increasing fire frequency on unharvested plots, but was unaffected on harvested plots. Small coarse woody debris (<10 cm diameter) was largely unaffected by fire frequency and harvesting. Total AGC on harvested plots was between 67% and 82% of that on unharvested plots, depending on burning treatment. Our results suggest that AGC in historically harvested forests may be susceptible to declines in response to increases in prescribed burning frequency. Consideration of historic harvesting will be important in understanding the effect of prescribed burning programs on forest carbon budgets.
Trans‐species predictors of tree leaf mass
Authors: Dettmann Garret T. , MacFarlane David W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTree leaf mass is a small, highly variable, but critical, component of forest ecosystems. Estimating leaf mass on standing trees with models is challenging because leaf mass varies both within and between tree species and at different locations and points in time. Typically, models for estimating tree leaf mass are species specific, empirical models that predict intraspecific variation from stem diameter at breast height (dbh). Such models are highly limited in their application because there are many other factors beyond tree girth and species that cause leaf mass to vary and because such models provide no way to predict leaf mass for species for which data are not available. We conducted destructive sampling of 17 different species in Michigan, covering multiple life history traits and sizes, to investigate the potential for using a single, “trans‐species” model for predicting leaf mass for all the trees in our study. Our results show the most important predictors of tree leaf mass are dbh, five‐year basal area increment, crown class, and competition index, none of which are species specific. Species‐specific variation could be captured by leaf longevity and shade tolerance. Wood specific gravity was a statistically significant, but marginally important predictor. Together, these variables describing tree size, life‐history traits, and competitive environment allowed us to develop a generalized leaf mass model applicable to a diverse set of species, without having to develop species‐specific equations.
The extent of mangrove change and potential for recovery following severe Tropical Cyclone Yasi, Hinchinbrook Island, Queensland, Australia
Authors: Asbridge Emma , Lucas Richard , Rogers Kerrylee , Accad Arnon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCyclones are significant drivers of change within mangrove ecosystems with the extent of initial damage determined by storm severity, location and distribution (exposure), and influenced by species composition and structure (e.g., height). The long‐term recovery of mangroves is often dependent upon hydrological regimes, as well as the frequency of storm events. On February 3, 2011, Tropical Cyclone Yasi (Category 5) made landfall on the coast of north Queensland Australia with its path crossing the extensive mangroves within and surrounding Hinchinbrook Island National Park. Based on a combination of Landsat‐derived foliage projective cover (FPC), Queensland Globe aerial imagery, and RapidEye imagery, 16% of the 13,795 ha of mangroves experienced severe windthrow during the storm. The greatest damage from the cyclone was inflicted on mangrove forests dominated primarily by Rhizophora stylosa, whose large prop roots were unable to support them as wind speeds exceeded 280 km/hr. Classification of 2016 RapidEye data indicated that many areas of damage had experienced no or very limited recovery in the period following the cyclone, with this confirmed by a rapid decline in Landsat‐derived FPC (from levels > 90% from 1986 to just prior to the cyclone to < 20% postcyclone) and no noticeable increase in subsequent years. Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS‐1) Phased Arrayed L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) L‐band HH backscatter also increased initially and rapidly to 5 ± 2 dB (2007–2011) due to the increase in woody debris but then decreased subsequently to −20 ± 2 dB (postcyclone), as this decomposed or was removed. The lack of recovery in affected areas was attributed to the inability of mangrove species, particularly R. stylosa, to resprout from remaining plant material and persistent inundation due to a decrease in sediment elevation thereby preventing propagule establishment. This study indicates that increases in storm intensity predicted with changes in global climate may lead to a reduction in the area, diversity, and abundance of mangroves surrounding Hinchinbrook Island.
Nonenzymatic Amperometric Sensor for Nitrite Detection Based on a Nanocomposite Consisting of Nickel Hydroxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Wang Yong , Cao Wei , Yin Chang , Zhuang Qianfen , Ni Yongnian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn efficient non‐noble metal eletrocatalyst, nickel hydroxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (Ni(OH)2/sr‐GO), is synthesized in the absence of reductants and alkali by a simple one‐step solvothermal method. The morphology, structure, and composition of the Ni(OH)2/sr‐GO nanocomposite is characterized by various analytical techniques like scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The Ni(OH)2/sr‐GO nanocomposite is then used to construct a nonenzymatic amperometric sensor for highly sensitive detection of nitrite. The result shows that the Ni(OH)2/sr‐GO nanocomposite possesses superior electrocatalytic ability toward nitrite. The electrochemical performance of the Ni(OH)2/sr‐GO is evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chronocoulometry, and cyclic voltammetry. Under the optimal conditions, the electrochemical sensor for nitrite detection exhibits a linear range from 0.1 to 663.6 μM, with a detection limit of 0.07 μM (S/N=3). In addition, the sensor provides favorable selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, and can be successfully applied for the detection of nitrite in spiked water samples. Recoveries range between 95 and 108 %.
Using open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography with part‐coating column for binding constants determination of β2‐adrenergic receptor with seven drugs
Authors: Liu Chunye , Zhang Xuejiao , Jing Hui , Zhang Jingshui , Miao Yanqing , Zhai Xifeng , Chen Songyi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography method has been developed for the determination of binding constants between β2‐adrenergic receptor (β2‐AR) and seven drugs. β2‐AR was oriented immobilized onto one part of inner surface of capillary via microwave‐assisted technical synthesis. According to the linear relationship between coating length and the apparent mobility of analyte, the binding constant (Kb) can be obtained by related theories and equations. The order of Kb values between drugs such as adrenaline hydrochloride, norepinephrine bitartrate, and propranolol hydrochloride with β2‐AR is well consistent with that reported in the literature. By the method, Kb values between four extracts of Radix Paeoniae Rubra and β2‐AR were also successfully obtained. Subsequently, computer models were applied to interpret the CEC experiments. And the results proved to be in good agreement with the method. The work, herein, demonstrates the potential of the method in drug‐receptor affinity interactions evaluation and screening of lead compounds from natural sources.
A bivariate model for estimating reciprocal causality within biogeomorphic ecosystems: The cross‐lagged panel model
Authors: Corenblit D. , Roussel E. , Steiger J. , Walcker R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBiogeomorphic ecosystems (e.g. rivers, salt marshes, mangroves and coastal dunes) are shaped by feedbacks between geomorphology and engineer plants that occur at various spatiotemporal scales. The classical bivariate and multivariate statistical methods currently used in biogeomorphology do not permit clear identification of reciprocal causality between geomorphic and biological variables. The aim of this article is to present the potential of the cross‐lagged panel model (CLPM) to estimate reciprocal associations (causality) between one geomorphic and one biological variable over time. This tool, which originates from behavioural, social, medical and educational sciences, has clear potential as a novel approach to causal analysis in the context of biogeomorphic ecosystems. We provide a case study of the application of CLPM for analysing biogeomorphic feedbacks between topography and Populus nigra L. physiognomy on a wooded point bar of the Garonne River, France. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pleistocene dental calculus: Recovering information on Paleolithic food items, medicines, paleoenvironment and microbes
Authors: Hardy Karen , Buckley Stephen , Copeland Les 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDental calculus is now widely used to recover information on items ingested in the past. It is particularly valuable in the earlier Paleolithic, where recovered data may represent the only evidence for plant use. Several recovery methods are used and each one produces different results. Biomolecular markers and genetic material recovered from dental calculus is providing new data on identifiable dietary and medicinal items and human microbial communities. The recovery of microfossils, in particular, starch granules, has triggered a new awareness of the role of plants in the diet throughout the Paleolithic. However, the minute amount of material recovered has little relationship with food eaten during a person's life, while salivary amylase breaks down cooked starch. Therefore, broader dietary interpretations and detection of cooked food are problematic. The study of ancient dental calculus holds great potential to recover information about past lives, within realistic parameters.
Are assortative mating and genital divergence driven by reinforcement?
Authors: Hollander Johan , Montaño-Rendón Mauricio , Bianco Giuseppe , Yang Xi , Westram Anja M. , Duvaux Ludovic , Reid David G. , Butlin Roger K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe evolution of assortative mating is a key part of the speciation process. Stronger assortment, or greater divergence in mating traits, between species pairs with overlapping ranges is commonly observed, but possible causes of this pattern of reproductive character displacement are difficult to distinguish. We use a multidisciplinary approach to provide a rare example where it is possible to distinguish among hypotheses concerning the evolution of reproductive character displacement. We build on an earlier comparative analysis that illustrated a strong pattern of greater divergence in penis form between pairs of sister species with overlapping ranges than between allopatric sister-species pairs, in a large clade of marine gastropods (Littorinidae). We investigate both assortative mating and divergence in male genitalia in one of the sister-species pairs, discriminating among three contrasting processes each of which can generate a pattern of reproductive character displacement: reinforcement, reproductive interference and the Templeton effect. We demonstrate reproductive character displacement in assortative mating, but not in genital form between this pair of sister species and use demographic models to distinguish among the different processes. Our results support a model with no gene flow since secondary contact and thus favor reproductive interference as the cause of reproductive character displacement for mate choice, rather than reinforcement. High gene flow within species argues against the Templeton effect. Secondary contact appears to have had little impact on genital divergence.
HIV Tat causes synapse loss in a mouse model of HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorder that is independent of the classical complement cascade component C1q
Authors: Hammond Jennetta W. , Qiu Wen Q. , Marker Daniel F. , Chamberlain Jeffrey M. , Greaves‐Tunnell Will , Bellizzi Matthew J. , Lu Shao‐Ming , Gelbard Harris A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroglial activation, increased proinflammatory cytokine production, and a reduction in synaptic density are key pathological features associated with HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Even with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), more than 50% of HIV‐positive individuals experience some type of cognitive impairment. Although viral replication is inhibited by cART, HIV proteins such as Tat are still produced within the nervous system that are neurotoxic, involved in synapse elimination, and provoke enduring neuroinflammation. As complement deposition on synapses followed by microglial engulfment has been shown during normal development and disease to be a mechanism for pruning synapses, we have tested whether complement is required for the loss of synapses that occurs after a cortical Tat injection mouse model of HAND. In Tat‐injected animals evaluated 7 or 28 days after injection, levels of early complement pathway components, C1q and C3, are significantly elevated and associated with microgliosis and a loss of synapses. However, C1qa knockout mice have the same level of Tat‐induced synapse loss as wild‐type (WT) mice, showing that the C1q‐initiated classical complement cascade is not driving synapse removal during HIV1 Tat‐induced neuroinflammation.
Estimating misreporting in condom use and its determinants among sex workers: Evidence from the list randomisation method
Authors: Treibich Carole , Lépine Aurélia 
Published: October 2018

SummarySocial desirability bias, which is the tendency to underreport socially undesirable health behaviours, significantly distorts information on sensitive behaviours gained from self‐reports. We applied the list randomisation method to indirectly elicit condom use among female sex workers and tested it among 651 female sex workers in Senegal, a country where sex workers face high social stigma and where the AIDS epidemic is mainly concentrated among this population. On the basis of our list randomisation, we found that the condom use rate in the last sexual intercourse with a client was 78%, which is significantly lower than the 97% obtained when asked directly in the survey. When estimating condom use among the subgroups, we found that female sex workers who are at a higher risk of infection are less likely to use condoms.
The effect of patient satisfaction with academic hospitals on their loyalty
Authors: Rostami Mina , Ahmadian Leila , Jahani Yunes , Niknafs Aliakbar 
Published: October 2018

SummaryObjectivesPatients' loyalty to a health care institution can lead to the aggregation of patients' medical history in an institution and facilitating access to records by health care providers. Considering the increase of the competition between providers, it is important to gain patients' satisfaction, which leads to their return and loyalty. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of patients' satisfaction with service quality on their loyalty.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive and analytical study was carried out in academic hospitals. A sample of 260 patients admitted to these hospitals was recruited. The data gathering tool was an expert‐validated questionnaire which its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, and multivariate regression analysis in SPSS20.ResultsThe mean score of service quality was calculated 74.23 out of 100. Among the quality dimensions, “physician visit” had the highest score with 84.01 ± 20, and the “waiting time” dimension had the lowest score with the mean score of 62.45 ± 27.53. The mean score of patients' loyalty was 67.88 ± 29.79. Satisfaction with the six dimensions of service quality: “cost of services,” “hospital environment,” “delivered services,” “access to physicians and health care institutions,” “provision of information to patients,” and “acquaintance with hospitals” were identified as the most influencing factors on loyalty.ConclusionsThe results showed that patient satisfaction with service quality affects their hospital choices and increases loyalty. In order to increase patient loyalty to academic hospitals, improving the services quality along with delivering cost‐effective cares, improving hospital environment, and providing useful information to patients are recommended.