bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Significance of Aspergillus Sensitisation in Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Dhooria Sahajal , Muthu Valliappan , Soundappan Kathirvel , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Garg Mandeep , Rudramurthy Shiva Prakash , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAspergillus sensitisation (AS) is seen in many patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, the clinical relevance of AS in CPA remains unclear. In this study, we assess the clinical significance of AS in CPA.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the data of CPA subjects, defining AS as Aspergillus fumigatus‐IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L. We excluded subjects with asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD). The primary objective was to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics, lung functions (via spirometry) and treatment outcomes in CPA subjects with or without AS. The secondary objective was to explore the association between AS and airflow obstruction on spirometry using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsWe included 232 CPA subjects (119 females, 113 males) with a mean ± SD age of 42.1 ± 13.7 years. AS was present in 92 (39.7%) CPA patients (CPA‐AS group). CPA‐AS patients had higher SGRQ total scores, a higher prevalence of fungal ball, more frequent airflow obstruction and experienced more CPA relapses during follow‐up compared to those without AS. Airflow obstruction was seen in 77/232 (33.2%) CPA patients. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found AS, increasing age and chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis independently associated with airflow obstruction on spirometry after adjusting for sex and other CPA categories. The relapse‐free survival was significantly shorter in the CPA‐AS group than in the CPA group.ConclusionAS is common in CPA and is independently associated with airflow obstruction. More studies are required to confirm our findings.
Exploring the Illness Perceptions of Patients With Urostomy Based on the Common‐Sense Model of Self‐Regulation: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Chen Yan , Yan Zhijie , Li Lusi , Liang Yixing , Tang Liping 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIllness perceptions play a significant role in coping and self‐management behaviors adopted by patients when facing health threats. To understand the illness perceptions of patients with urostomy, we conducted a descriptive qualitative study. An interview guide was formed based on the common‐sense model of self‐regulation(CSM), and 19 patients with urostomy were recruited through maximum variation purposive sampling for in‐depth semi‐structured interviews between January 2024 and June 2024. Five themes emerged from the analysis of the interview data through the thematic analysis method: (1) belief and view of the urostomy; (2) disruption of the usual order of life; (3) psychological burden and stress associated with urostomy management; (4) confusion and misconceptions about urostomy care; (5) coping strategies adopted for dealing with urostomy. Our study revealed the cognitive and emotional representations of patients with urostomy and identified that the coping strategies they adopted are oriented to illness perceptions and that illness perceptions also influence the choice of coping strategies. This study provides healthcare professionals with a deeper and broader understanding of the distinctive perceptions of patients with urostomy.
Cell fate determination during sexual plant reproduction
Authors: Huang Xiaorong , Sun Meng‐Xiang 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThe flowering plant life cycle is completed by an alternation of diploid and haploid generations. The diploid sporophytes produce initial cells that undergo meiosis and produce spores. From haploid spores, male or female gametophytes, which produce gametes, develop. The union of gametes at fertilization restores diploidy in the zygote that initiates a new cycle of diploid sporophyte development. During this complex process, cell fate determination occurs at each of the critical stages and necessarily underpins successful plant reproduction. Here, we summarize available knowledge on the regulatory mechanism of cell fate determination at these critical stages of sexual reproduction, including sporogenesis, gametogenesis, and early embryogenesis, with particular emphasis on regulatory pathways of both male and female gametes before fertilization, and both apical and basal cell lineages of a proembryo after fertilization. Investigations reveal that cell fate determination involves multiple regulatory factors, such as positional information, differential distribution of cell fate determinants, cell‐to‐cell communication, and cell type‐specific transcription factors. These factors temporally and spatially act for different cell type differentiation to ensure successful sexual reproduction. These new insights into regulatory mechanisms underlying sexual cell fate determination not only updates our knowledge on sexual plant reproduction, but also provides new ideas and tools for crop breeding.
Effects of microplastics on the physiology of living organisms on the example of laboratory reared bloodsucking mosquitoes Aedes aegypti L.
Authors: Polenogova Olga V. , Simakova Anastasia V. , Klementeva Tatyana N. , Varenitsina Anna A. , Andreeva Yulia V. , Babkina Irina B. , Frank Yulia A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe presence of environmental microplastics (MPs) poses a significant threat to terrestrial and aquatic animals, including insects such as blood‐sucking mosquitoes. The paper reports on the laboratory study of the effect of three different types of MPs, including fragmented high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), on the viability, innate immune responses, activity of detoxifying enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762). The results showed that dietary administration of microfragments of PP, PS and HDPE at low concentrations (4 mg/L) had no effect on the survival rate of mosquito larvae, but was observed to suppress the larval immune response. The addition of MPs to the diet resulted in a significant suppression of phenoloxidase activity compared to the control. A decrease in the activity of the detoxifying enzymes glutathione‐S‐transferase and non‐specific esterase was observed. Dietary administration of MPs did not cause any significant change in alkaline proteolytic enzyme activity in larvae compared to the control. However, we observed a twofold increase in the activity of acid proteolytic enzymes in all experiments compared to the control (p < 0.05). MDA levels in larval homogenates remained unchanged, while lysozyme‐like activity showed a slight decrease compared to the control. The observed processes may be a consequence of intestinal obstruction by MPs, which may cause microtraumas to intestinal tissues and changes in the structure and composition of the microbiota. These changes may have a profound effect on the resistance of mosquito larvae to insecticides and pathogens.
Rice OsDof12 enhances tolerance to drought stress by activating the phenylpropanoid pathway
Authors: Shim Yejin , Kim Boyeong , Choi Yumin , Cho Sung‐Hwan , Kim Yeonjoon , Kim Suk‐Hwan , Yim Yehyun , Kang Kiyoon , Paek Nam‐Chon 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYDrought is a major abiotic stress that severely affects cereal production worldwide. Although several genes have been identified that enhance the ability of rice to withstand drought stress, further research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to drought stress. Our study showed that overexpression of rice DNA binding with one finger 12 (OsDof12) enhances tolerance to drought stress. Rice plants overexpressing OsDof12 (OsDof12‐OE) displayed significantly higher tolerance to drought stress than the parental japonica rice “Dongjin”. Transcriptome analysis revealed that many genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were upregulated in OsDof12‐OE plants, including phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase 4 (OsPAL4), OsPAL6, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (CAD6), and 4‐coumarate‐coA ligase like 6 (4CLL6). Accordingly, this transcriptional alteration led to the substantial accumulation of phenolic compounds, such as sinapic acids, in the leaves of OsDof12‐OE plants, effectively lowering the levels of reactive oxygen species. Notably, OsDof12 bound to the AAAG‐rich core sequence of the OsPAL4 promoter and promoted transcription. In addition, GIGANTEA (OsGI) interacts with OsDof12 in the nucleus and attenuates the transactivation activity of OsDof12 on OsPAL4. Our findings reveal a novel role for OsDof12 in promoting phenylpropanoid‐mediated tolerance to drought stress.
Impact of iron supplementation among anemic voluntary first‐time blood donors: Results from the BLOODSAFE pilot trial in Ghana
Authors: Dei‐Adomakoh Yvonne , Olayemi Edeghonghon , Telke Susan , Asamoah‐Akuoko Lucy , Appiah Bernard , Segbefia Catherine , Ward Caitlin , Tancred Tara , Yawson Alfred Edwin , Adu‐Afarwuah Seth , Akwasi‐Kuma Amma Benneh , Ofori‐Acquah Solomon Fiifi , Adongo Philip Baba , Acquah Michael Ebo , Ametorwo Reena , Bates Imelda , Agyei Francis , Delaney Meghan , Reilly Cavan ,   for the BLOODSAFE investigators
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), an adequate supply of safe blood for transfusion is a major developmental challenge. In Ghana, deferral from blood donation for anemia accounts for nearly half of the ineligible blood donors. We conducted a longitudinal two‐arm parallel‐group non‐inferiority trial to test if iron supplementation among blood donors with iron deficiency (ID) or anemia could increase their hemoglobin levels to near those without ID or anemia.Materials and MethodsA structured questionnaire was used to collect participants' sociodemographic and medical information after written informed consent was obtained. Blood samples were analyzed for full blood count (FBC), serum ferritin, malaria rapid test, and a peripheral blood smear. The primary outcome was hemoglobin level after 4 months comparing anemic donors who received iron supplementation to the standard of care participants, nonanemic donors who did not receive iron supplementation. All donors received nutritional counseling.ResultsAdherence to low‐dose iron supplementation three times a week was poor. Hemoglobin levels in the iron supplementation arm were not close enough to those in the control group after 4 months of iron supplementation to declare non‐inferiority. However, non‐inferiority was met when the 4 month hemoglobin comparison was restricted to female donors.ConclusionAfter 4 months of iron supplementation, hemoglobin levels in the iron supplementation group did not sufficiently match those in the control group to declare non‐inferiority. Data from this pilot trial informed and shaped the design of a larger randomized control type 1 pragmatic effectiveness implementation hybrid trial which is currently ongoing.
Modeling of the Habitat Characteristics and Ecological Niche of the Asian Tiger Mosquito in a Fine‐Scale Area of a Primate Research Center Using the Maximum Entropy Model
Authors: Novianto Dimas , Hadi Upik Kesumawati , Soviana Susi , Supriyono  , Kaewthamasorn Morakot , Darusman Huda Shalahudin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAedes‐borne diseases, such as Zika and Chikungunya, originate from an enzootic cycle in which non‐human primates (NHPs) function as reservoirs. This study aimed to analyze the characteristic habitat and ecological niche models of Aedes albopictus within the confines of a Primate Research Center (PRC), to assess its potential as a site for zoonotic arbovirus transmission. Additionally, this study aimed to construct a comprehensive map to delineate the risks of arbovirus transmission.MethodsA 1‐year direct field survey was conducted from January to December 2022 in the PRC to obtain comprehensive data on the presence of larvae, including their conditions, habitat types, and physicochemical characteristics. Larval collection was meticulously performed at potential breeding sites using a 350 ml dipper and pipette. Information on the ecological niche was compiled based on a combination of general environmental variables and mosquito presence data obtained from direct field surveys using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model.ResultsIn total, 120 presence points for Ae. albopictus larvae were obtained from the PRC area, with 23.02% of the larvae found in buckets as artificial habitats, and 18.25% found in bromeliad plants as natural habitat types. Larvae of Ae. albopictus occupy artificial habitats that are not turbid, exposed to direct sunlight, and devoid of predators. The abundances and occurrences of Ae. albopictus larvae was found to be significantly influenced by pH and total dissolved solids. This study showed that the PRC was a suitable habitat for breeding Ae. albopictus larvae, with the distance to buildings emerging as a significant environmental variable in the species distribution modelConclusionsThe fine‐scale empirical model developed for Ae. albopictus and its habitat characteristics not only provide insights into the suitability of vector habitats, but can also be used assess the risk of arbovirus transmission, potentially informing strategies for controlling mosquito breeding sites within the PRC.
Z-SCHEME PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE ORANGE 16 (RO16) DYE OVER TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE AND CADMIUM SULFIDE (WO3-CdS) COMPOSITE UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT IRRADIATION
Authors: Mohd Zahar Mohd Izzat Iqbal , Kamaludin Roziana , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Puteh Mohd Hafiz , A Rahman Mukhlis , Jaafar Juhana 
Published: November 2024

The escalating global concern over dye wastewater pollution, characterized by its harmful effects, has sparked interest in visible light-activated photocatalysis for cost-effective industrial wastewater treatment. The study focused on visible light-activated photocatalysts, notably cadmium sulfide (CdS) with a 2.4 eV band gap energy and tungsten trioxide (WO3) known for its resilience to photo degradation, durability across various pH conditions, and a 2.7 eV band gap energy. However, CdS is susceptible to photo anodic corrosion, while WO3 exhibits low photocatalytic degradation performance due to rapid recombination between excited electrons and electron holes from low-energy visible light. The Z-scheme electrons transfer photocatalyst (WO3-CdS) was designed to extend recombination time and maintain WO3 stability. This visible light-activated composite was synthesized through a simple and cost-effective precipitation method. CdS were kept constant while mass of WO3 were varied for 3 g, 5 g, 10 g. Structural and morphological analyses were conducted using various techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersion of X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer to analyze various properties. The synthesized composite of WO3-CdS successfully lowered the band gap energy to 2.28 eV and shifted the photon absorption more towards the visible spectrum. When applied to the photo degradation of reactive orange 16 (RO16) under visible light for 300 minutes, the WO3-CdS composite exhibited a remarkable 64.45 % degradation rate, surpassing pure CdS and WO3 rates of only around 1.18 % each. The Z-scheme electron transfer process between CdS and WO3 significantly enhanced catalytic efficiency. This achievement holds promise for sustainable wastewater remediation, marking a notable advancement in the field.
ONTOLOGY CONSTRUCTION: BIOINSPIRED IMPROVED SEA LION OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR SEMANTIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Authors: Kakad Shital , Dhage Sudhir 
Published: November 2024

The search effectiveness and efficiency completely depend on the ontology design. The objective of information retrieval (IR) is search and retrieves precise and accurate data in response to a user's query. Notably, the existing search engine relies on conventional keywords to search information. It purely compares the user's query with the database and retrieves outcomes without understanding the intended meaning behind the user's query. Therefore, a significant proportion of the outcomes contain unrelated information. Further, designing a new ontology from scratch and evaluating it are challenging tasks. This research work is divided into two decision-making processes (i) data filtering and (ii) data annotation. In this paper, the steps of ontology construction as follows: a) Pre-processing of data b) Implementation of Proposed Jaccard Similarity Evaluation to evaluate the similarity of data c) Data filtering and outlier detection and final step d) Semantic annotation and cluster. The data is filtered by using the evaluated similarity function. Then, the data is grouped separately into wanted data and unwanted data. The unwanted words are called outliers. Based on the semantics, the data annotation is performed and the process of clustering is evaluated for developing the precise cross-domain applications-based ontology. Moreover, the clustering is done based on the similarity evaluation under multiple dictionaries. In the clustering procedure, the optimal centroid selection is considered a challenging crisis. Hence, for solving this issue, this research work widened with the introduction of an Improved Sea Lion (ISnLO), which is the improved version of the Sea Lion Optimization algorithm.
EVALUATING PLASTIC LEAKAGE INTERVENTION OPTIONS IN ZAMBOANGA PORT, PHILIPPINES WITH ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: C. Alberto Khristian Kier , N. Tanchuling Maria Antonia 
Published: November 2024

Plastic wastes from ports may be leaked into oceans if it is not properly managed owing to its proximity to the sea, such as in the case of the port of Zamboanga in the Philippines - a government port with international standard certifications wherein plastic waste management remains a challenge to its management. This study aims to determine plastic leakage intervention options through the conduct of a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and to propose the most preferred intervention using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) by incorporating the subjective judgment of different port key stakeholders and decision-makers. There were four criteria used for this AHP model to quantify the relative preference of each intervention namely environmental and health effectiveness (EHE), financial affordability (FA), implementability (IM), and social acceptability (SA). There were five (5) proposed possible management intervention alternatives, these are the memorandum order (MO) on proper waste segregation and collection, personnel training (PT) on plastic waste management, waste container labeling (WCL), provision of waste containers (PWC), procurement of garbage truck (GT), and establishment of a material recovery facility (MRF). The results of the AHP model suggest that most of the port’s key stakeholders and decision-makers prioritize the MRF and PT among other management interventions
MECHANICAL TREATMENT ON ASTM A128 GRADE C WITH DISPERSED HARDENED AUSTENITE ON THE GRAIN
Authors: Hermawan Mohammad Reza , Setiamarga Budi Hartono 
Published: November 2024

This study examined the mechanical characteristics of ASTM A128 Grade C austenitic manganese steel with dispersed hardened austenite by cold rolling. Dispersed hardened austenite results from two-stage heating. The first stage heated, carbide at the grain boundaries transformed to pearlite at 625°C for 3.5 hours, while the second stage was heated at 1000°C for 1.5 hours and cooled with water to generate dispersed hardened austenite. Mechanical cold rolling on two-stage heated material develops martensite, as shown by XRD and qualitative magnetic tests. Hardness increased by 37% compared to two heating sessions. Even though cracks had developed over the cross-section, rolling to 53.6% increased hardness 132% more than two heating phases. Orange peeling, which occurs when the material's surface shrinks due to martensitic transformation, slip, and twinning, indicates that the surface is more brittle than the inside.
Update from 2010 (standard operating procedure): protocol for the 2024 British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines on colorectal surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Gordon Morris , Nigam Gaurav Bhaskar , Sinopoulou Vassiliki , Al Bakir Ibrahim , Bateman Adrian C , Din Shahida , Dolwani Sunil , Dhar Anjan , Faiz O D , Hayee Bu , Healey Chris , Lamb Christopher Andrew , Leedham Simon , Kabir Misha , Iacucci Marietta , Hart Ailsa , Morris A John , Novelli Marco , Raine Tim , Rutter Matt , Shepherd Neil A , Subramanian Venkataraman , Trudgill Nigel J , Vance Maggie , Wilson Ana , White Lydia , Wakeman Ruth , East James E 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe evolving landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) necessitates refining colonoscopic surveillance guidelines. This study outlines methodology adopted by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Guideline Development Group (GDG) for updating IBD colorectal surveillance guidelines.Methods and analysisThe ‘Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation’ (GRADE) approach, as outlined in the GRADE handbook, was employed. Thematic questions were formulated using either the ‘patient, intervention, comparison and outcome’ format or the ‘current state of knowledge, area of interest, potential impact and suggestions from experts in the field’ format. The evidence review process included systematic reviews assessed using appropriate appraisal tools. An extensive list of potential outcomes was compiled from literature and expert consultations and then ranked by GDG members. The top outcomes were identified for evidence synthesis in three key areas: utility of surveillance in IBD, quality of bowel preparation and use of advanced imaging techniques in colonoscopy for IBD. Risk thresholding exercises determined specific risk levels for different surveillance strategies and intervals. This approach enabled the GDG to establish precise thresholds for interventions based on relative and absolute risk assessments, directly informing the stratification of surveillance recommendations. Significance of effect sizes (small, moderate, large) will guide the final GRADE assessment of the evidence.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not applicable. By integrating clinical expertise, patient experiences and innovative methodologies like risk thresholding, we aim to deliver actionable recommendations for IBD colorectal surveillance. This protocol, complementing the main guidelines, offers GDGs, clinical trialists and practitioners a framework to inform future research and enhance patient care and outcomes.