bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Dynamic Spontaneous Network Microstates in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A MEG Beamformed Dynamic Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Antonakakis Marios , Dimitriadis Stavros I. , Zervakis Michalis , Papanicolaou Andrew C. , Zouridakis George 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis has attracted interest in the last years for the characterization of brain electrophysiological activity at rest. In this work, we investigated changes in mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) patients using magnetoencephalographic (MEG) resting-state recordings and a DFC approach. The activity of several well-known brain rhythms was first beamformed using linearly constrained minimum norm variance of the MEG data to determine ninety anatomical brain regions of interest. A DFC graph was formulated using the imaginary part of phase lag value which were obtained from 30 mTBI patients and 50 normal controls. Filtering each quasi-static graph statistically and topologically, we estimated a normalized Laplacian transformation of every single quasistatic graph based on the degree of each node. Then, the related eigenvalues of the synchronization of each node were computed by incorporating the complete topology. Using the neural-gas algorithm, we modelled the evolution of the eigenvalues for each group, resulting in distinct FC microstates (FCμstates). Using the so-calledchronnectomics(transition rate, occupancy time of FCμstate, and Dwell time) and complexity index over the evolution of the FCμstates, we evaluated the level of discrimination and derived statistical differences between the two groups. In both groups, we detected equal number of FCμstates with statistically significant transitions in the δ, α, β, and γlowfrequency bands. The discrimination rate between the two groups was very high in the θ and γlowbands, followed by a statistically significant difference between the two groups in all the chronnectomics and the complexity index. Statistically significant differences in the degree of several anatomical subnetworks (BAN – brain anatomical networks: default mode network; frontoparietal; occipital; cingulo-opercular; and sensorimotor) were revealed in most FCμstates for the θ, α, β, and γlowbrain rhythms, indicating a higher level of communication within and between the BAN in the mTBI group. In our previous studies, we focused on intra- and inter-frequency couplings of static FC. Our current study summarizes a complete set of frequency-dependent connectomic markers of mTBI-caused alterations in brain connectivity that potentially could also serve as markers to assess the return of an injured subject back to normality.
Physical and data structure of 3D genome
Authors: Huang Kai , Li Yue , Shim Anne R. , Nap Rikkert J. , Agrawal Vasundhara , Virk Ranya K.A. , Eshein Adam , Almassalha Luay M. , Backman Vadim , Szleifer Igal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWith the textbook view of chromatin folding based on the 30nm fiber being challenged, it has been proposed that interphase DNA has an irregular 10nm nucleosome polymer structure whose folding philosophy is unknown. Nevertheless, experimental advances suggested that such irregular packing is associated with many nontrivial physical properties that are puzzling from a polymer physics point of view. Here, we show that the reconciliation of these exotic properties necessitates modularizing 3D genome into tree data structures on top of, and in striking contrast to the linear topology of DNA double helix. Such functional modules need to be connected and isolated by an open backbone that results in porous and heterogeneous packing in a quasi-self-similar manner as revealed by our electron and optical imaging. Our multi-scale theoretical and experimental results suggest the existence of higher-order universal folding principles for a disordered chromatin fiber to avoid entanglement and fulfill its biological functions.
Directed networks as a novel way to describe and analyze cardiac excitation: Directed Graph mapping
Authors: Vandersickel Nele , Van Nieuwenhuyse Enid , Van Cleemput Nico , Goedgebeur Jan , Haddad Milad El , Neve Jan De , Demolder Anthony , Strisciuglio Teresa , Duytschaever Mattias , Panfilov Alexander V. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNetworks provide a powerful methodology with applications in a variety of biological, technological and social systems such as analysis of brain data, social networks, internet search engine algorithms, etc. To date, directed networks have not yet been applied to characterize the excitation of the human heart. In clinical practice, cardiac excitation is recorded by multiple discrete electrodes. During (normal) sinus rhythm or during cardiac arrhythmias, successive excitation connects neighboring electrodes, resulting in their own unique directed network. This in theory makes it a perfect fit for directed network analysis. In this study, we applied directed networks to the heart in order to describe and characterize cardiac arrhythmias. Proofof-principle was established using in-silico and clinical data. We demonstrated that tools used in network theory analysis allow to determine the mechanism and location of certain cardiac arrhythmias. We show that the robustness of this approach can potentially exceed the existing state-of-the art methodology used in clinics. Furthermore, implementation of these techniques in daily practice can improve accuracy and speed of cardiac arrhythmia analysis. It may also provide novel insights in arrhythmias that are still incompletely understood.
Quantification of microaerobic growth ofGeobacter sulfurreducens
Authors: Engel Christina E. A. , Vorländer David , Biedendieck Rebekka , Krull Rainer , Dohnt Katrin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGeobacter sulfurreducenswas originally considered a strict anaerobe. However, this bacterium was later shown to not only tolerate exposure to oxygen but also to use it as terminal electron acceptor. Research performed has so far only revealed the general ability ofG. sulfurreducensto reduce oxygen, but the oxygen uptake rate has not been quantified yet, nor has evidence been provided as to how the bacterium achieves oxygen reduction. Therefore, microaerobic growth ofG. sulfurreducenswas investigated here with better defined operating conditions as previously performed and a transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate possible metabolic mechanisms important for oxygen reduction inG. sulfurreducens. The investigations revealed that cell growth with oxygen is possible to the same extent as with fumarate if the maximum specific oxygen uptake rate (sOUR) of 95 mgO2gCDW-1h-1is not surpassed. Hereby, the entire amount of introduced oxygen is reduced. When oxygen concentrations are too high, cell growth is completely inhibited and there is no partial oxygen consumption. Transcriptome analysis suggests a menaquinol oxidase to be the enzyme responsible for oxygen reduction. Transcriptome analysis has further revealed three different survival strategies, depending on the oxygen concentration present. When prompted with small amounts of oxygen,G. sulfurreducenswill try to escape the microaerobic area; if oxygen concentrations are higher, cells will focus on rapid and complete oxygen reduction coupled to cell growth; and ultimately cells will form protective layers if a complete reduction becomes impossible. The results presented here have important implications for understanding howG. sulfurreducenssurvives exposure to oxygen.
Prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of development delay among children in Ceará, Brazil: a population-based study
Authors: Correia Luciano L. , Rocha Hermano A. L. , Sudfeld Christopher R. , Rocha Sabrina G. M. O. , Leite Álvaro J. M. , Campos Jocileide S. , Silva Anamaria C. e 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of child development delay and to identify socioeconomic determinants.Study DesignWe conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of children 2 to 72 months of age residing in the state of Ceará, Brazil. In total, 3200 households were randomly selected for participation in the study and had child development assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) version 3. Development delay was defined as a score less than −2 standard deviations below the median of the Brazilian ASQ standard. We present population-level prevalence of delay in five development domains and assess socioeconomic determinants.ResultsA total of 3566 children completed the ASQ development assessment of which 9.2% (95% CI: 8.1-10.5) had at least one domain with development delay. The prevalence of delay increased with age in all domains and males were at higher risk for communication, gross motor and personal-social development delays as compared to females (p-values <0.05). We found robust associations of indicators of socioeconomic status with risk of development delay; increasing monthly income and higher social class were associated with reduced risk of delay across all domains (p-values <0.05). In addition, children in poor households that participated in conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs appeared to have reduced risk of delay as compared to children from households that were eligible, but did not participate, in CCT programs.ConclusionsThere is a relatively high population-level prevalence of development delay in at least one domain among children 0-6 years of age in Ceará, Brazil. Integrated child development, social support, and poverty reduction interventions may reduce the population-level prevalence of development delay in Ceará and similar settings.
Growth Patterns of birds, dinosaurs and reptiles: Are differences real or apparent?
Authors: Brunner Norbert , Kühleitner Manfred , Nowak Werner-Georg , Renner-Martin Katharina , Scheicher Klaus 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSystematics of animals was done on their appearance or genetics. One can also ask about similarities or differences in the growth pattern. Quantitative studies of the growth of dinosaurs have made possible comparisons with modern animals, such as the discovery that dinosaurs grew in relation to their size faster than modern reptiles. However, these studies relied on only a few growth models. If these models are false, what about the conclusions? This paper fits growth data to a more comprehensive class of models, defined by the von Bertalanffy-Pütter differential equation. Applied to data about dinosaurs, reptiles and birds, the best fitting models confirmed that dinosaurs may have grown faster than alligators. However, compared to modern broiler chicken, this difference was small.
Resilient cultural heritage: from global to national levels – the case of Bhutan
Authors: Minguez Garcia Barbara 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Cultural heritage is about people, their history and their identity. Protecting cultural heritage from natural hazards by connecting it with disaster risk management (DRM) directly benefits local communities. Cultural heritage also has a global dimension, and collaboration and support from the international community to protect it is vital. Culture and heritage differ among countries, as do natural hazards, but practitioners face some common challenges, such as the need to create awareness. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents: a brief overview of the current connection between DRM and cultural heritage in the global context; an analysis of how international knowledge-exchange initiatives can help countries improve the resilience of their heritage sites, using Bhutan as an example; and a proposal to keep this topic moving forward in both the international and national agendas for sustainable development and resilience.

Findings
International knowledge exchanges may help to find solutions, and Bhutan is a good example. This small, hazard-prone country in the Himalayas, has strong traditions and heritage, and is aware of its vulnerabilities and risks. Learning from Japan’s extensive experience, Bhutan has been working with international experts to improve the resilience of its cultural heritage sites.

Originality/value
The ultimate aim is that this paper serves as an inspiration for other countries, as well as international organizations such as the World Bank, to keep strengthening ties between DRM and cultural heritage.
Understanding gender dimensions of climate-smart agriculture adoption in disaster-prone smallholder farming communities in Malawi and Zambia
Authors: Khoza Sizwile , Van Niekerk Dewald , Nemakonde Livhuwani David 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Through the application of traditional and contemporary feminist theories in gender mainstreaming, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to emergent debate on gender dimensions in climate-smart agriculture (CSA) adoption by smallholder farmers in disaster-prone regions. This is important to ensure that CSA strategies are tailored to farmer-specific gender equality goals.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory-sequential mixed methods research design which is qualitatively biased was applied. Key informant interviews and farmer focus group discussions in two study sites formed initial qualitative phase whose findings were explored in a quantitative cross-sectional household survey.

Findings
Findings shared in this paper indicate the predominant application of traditional gender mainstreaming approaches in CSA focusing on parochial gender dichotomy. Qualitative findings highlight perceptions that western gender approaches are not fully applicable to local contexts and realities, with gender mainstreaming in CSA seemingly to fulfil donor requirements, and ignorant of the heterogeneous nature of social groups. Quantitative findings establish that married men are majority adopters and non-adopters of CSA, while dis-adopters are predominantly de jure female household heads. The latter are more likely to adopt CSA than married women whose main role in CSA is implementers of spouse’s decisions. Access to education, intra-household power relations, productive asset and land ownership are socio-cultural dynamics shaping farmer profiles.

Originality/value
By incorporating African feminisms and intersectionality in CSA, value of this study lies in recommending gender policy reforms incorporating local gender contexts within the African socio-cultural milieu. This paper accentuates potential benefits of innovative blend of both contemporary and classic gender mainstreaming approaches in CSA research, practice and technology development in disaster-prone regions.
Conflicts in adaptation: case studies from Nepal and the Maldives
Authors: Lama Phu Doma , Becker Per 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Adaptation appears to be regarded as a panacea in policy circles to reduce the risk of impending crises resulting from contemporary changes, including but not restricted to climate change. Such conceptions can be problematic, generally assuming adaptation as an entirely positive and non-conflictual process. The purpose of this paper is to challenge such uncritical views, drawing attention to the conflictual nature of adaptation, and propose a theoretical framework facilitating the identification and analysis of conflicts in adaptation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on case study research using first-hand narratives of adaptation in Nepal and the Maldives collected using qualitative interviews, participant observation and document analysis.

Findings
The findings identify conflicts between actors in, and around, communities that are adapting to changes. These conflicts can be categorized along three dimensions: qualitative differences in the type of conflict, the relative position of conflicting actors and the degree of manifestation of the conflict.

Originality/value
The three-dimensional Adaptation Conflict Framework facilitate analysis of conflicts in adaptation, allowing for a critical examination of subjectivities inherent in the adaptation discourses embedded in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation research and policy. Such an inquiry is crucial for interventions supporting community adaptation to reduce disaster risk.
A review of global lean construction during the past two decades: analysis and visualization
Authors: Li Long , Li Zhongfu , Li Xiaodan , Wu Guangdong 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide comprehensive analysis and understanding of lean construction (LC) and to help researchers to find new gaps and research opportunities and develop potential collaboration chances.

Design/methodology/approach
The bibliographic data were obtained in peer-reviewed journals. The science mapping analysis and social network analysis (SNA) were used to conduct the analysis and visualization. Science mapping was performed to identify the research topics, evolution and the relationships between these topics. Also, the most influential LC-related articles in each topic were identified based on the concept of H-classics. SNA was also used to explore the collaboration status of authors and to identify the core authors in the LC field.

Findings
The results showed that topics in the LC field are consistently and continuously changing, which also reveals the fact that the lean concept system has evolved over time to a certain extent. The topics that could form the knowledge base of the LC research field in the future are related to two thematic areas: supply chain management (SCM) and planning and scheduling. SCM focuses on developing a system where supplier and client work together in coordination to deliver materials, works, equipment and labor and other resources. Moreover, prefabrication is a new hot topic, while BIM is a well-developed and isolated topic in the last five years. This result indicates that more studies need to be conducted in the future, to promote the integration of BIM and lean practices in the construction phase, as well as to explore the value of BIM in the reduction or elimination of waste and lean project delivery. As for global collaborations, LC research has been widely pursued throughout the world. The USA and the UK play the most dominant role in the international collaboration network.

Research limitations/implications
Since the analysis of data takes some time, the specific results of this paper are limited to articles published in peer-reviewed journals, which leads to a certain degree of research lag.

Practical implications
This paper provides insights (such as major journals, institutions, key scholars, the evolution of topics, highly indexed articles and the new LC trends in the last five years) for researchers in the LC field.

Originality/value
This paper gives a general review of the above-mentioned literature, including the number of LC-related articles published in each year, as well as the major journals and main contributors to the field of LC.
Creating social value within the delivery of construction projects: the role of lean approach
Authors: Daniel Emmanuel Itodo , Pasquire Christine 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the current knowledge surrounding social value (SV) and show how lean approach supports SV realisation in the delivery of construction projects.Design/methodology/approachA critical literature review was adopted, to gather the current knowledge surrounding SV from mainstream management sciences, construction management and lean literature. A total of 70 studies were critically reviewed.FindingsThe study establishes that the current level of awareness on SV is still low and there is a dearth of scholarly publications on SV especially in the construction management literature. The investigation reveals the potentials of lean approach in supporting the delivery of SV on construction projects.Social implicationsThis study conceptualises the community and the physical environment around where the construction project is executed as customers using lean production approach. It shows that the transformation, flow and value view supports smooth workflow, which enhances the achievement of SV objectives. This creates a new insight into how SV can be realised in construction project delivery.Originality/valueThis study extends the on-going debate around the need for SV in construction project delivery and contributes to construction management and lean construction literature on SV. Future studies could build on this to obtain empirical data and develop an approach/method that would support the evidencing of SV delivery on construction projects.
Adoption of building information modeling in Chinese construction industry
Authors: Chen Yilin , Yin Yilin , Browne Glenn J. , Li Dahui 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Building information modeling (BIM) is recognized as a major innovation in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. Understanding the factors that influence the AEC’s adoption of BIM will benefit the research and practice of BIM. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This study provides empirical evidence for the accumulated knowledge of BIM adoption by examining the context of Chinese construction industry. Based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework in the innovation diffusion literature, the authors develop a research model that integrates the critical success factors related to the technology of BIM, the construction company and the environment in Chinese construction industry. The authors collected two different data sets from engineering consulting firms and construction firms in China, and conducted rigorous analyses using a sophisticated statistical approach.

Findings
The authors found that the relative advantage of BIM was a major factor that enabled BIM adoption, while the complexity of BIM was an inhibiter. In addition, management support was also a significant antecedent of BIM adoption. However, organizational readiness was significant for engineering consulting firms but not for construction firms. Surprisingly, the authors did not find consistent significant impacts of any environmental factors. Last, younger firms were more likely to adopt BIM.

Originality/value
One of the first to apply the TOE framework to integrate three groups of factors that may explain BIM adoption in China. Such a comprehensive framework provides a much broader perspective of BIM adoption to evaluate the impacts of different antecedent factors. The authors conducted an empirical study based on survey data collected from two different types of companies, i.e., engineering consulting firms and construction firms, representing the two parties in the principal-agent relationship of a construction project. One of the first to apply a sophisticated statistical approach, i.e., partial least squares, to analyze the data in the BIM literature.