bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of group treatment for trauma‐affected refugees in specialised outpatient clinics in Denmark: A mixed methods study of practitioners’ experiences
Authors: Brochmann Helle Dølvik , Calundan Josefine Holst Nymand , Carlsson Jessica , Poulsen Stig , Sonne Charlotte , Palic Sabina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveGroup treatment (GT) is proposed as a relevant and cost‐effective intervention for trauma‐affected refugees. Due to heterogeneity in symptoms and culture, GT with trauma‐affected refugees is also assumed to pose certain challenges. The aim of this study was to explore practice‐based experiences and gather recommendations from practitioners working with GT of trauma‐affected refugees.MethodsThis sequential, explorative, mixed methods study included 32 practitioners with GT experience, representing all outpatient clinics in Denmark providing specialised treatment for trauma‐affected refugees. The study was conducted in two strands. Strand 1 comprised two questionnaires assessing characteristics of and experiences with various group programmes. Strand 2 comprised five semi‐structured interviews, which elaborated on findings from Strand 1. Descriptive statistics were applied on quantitative data. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsGroup treatment is widely utilised and most practitioners reported favourable treatment experiences. Groups were applied for varied purposes, most often psychoeducation, and organised in various ways. Practitioners experienced treatment guided by patient‐centred clinical objectives, such as interpersonal learning, as more meaningful and effective than treatment primarily aimed at accommodating administrative aims such as cost‐effectiveness. Interpersonal dynamics were identified as a significant challenge and potential advantage in GT of trauma‐affected refugees. Careful inclusion and establishment of safety were among factors identified by practitioners as beneficial for treatment delivery.ConclusionsThe findings support the potential of GT for trauma‐affected refugees. Results can be used to inform group programmes and inspire further empirical research in this area.
IL‐7 enhances the differentiation of adipose‐derived stem cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells through AKT signaling
Authors: Sun Yiyu , Lu Bolun , Deng Jingcheng , Jiang Zhaohua , Cao Weigang , Dai Tingting , Li Shengli 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOur study was designed to investigate the effects of IL‐7 during the differentiation process of adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) toward lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). IL‐7 was added to the traditional induced medium, which was called the IL‐7 (+) group, while the group that used traditional induced medium was called the IL‐7 (−) group. After 7 days of induction of ADSCs, a comprehensive analysis was conducted between these two groups. We examined the changes in Prox1, LYVE‐1, Podoplanin and VEGFR‐3 on the RNA and protein level and found that the expression of LEC markers in the IL‐7 (+) group was higher than in the IL‐7 (−) group. The characteristics of differentiated cells were confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. At the same time, we detected the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathway involved in the differentiation process, and we found that the phosphorylation of AKT increased, however the expression of ERK was not significantly changed. In conclusion, our study found that IL‐7 could improve the differentiation efficiency of ADSCs toward LECs through AKT signaling pathways.
The Importance of Ligand‐Induced Backdonation in the Stabilization of Square Planar d10 Nickel π‐Complexes
Authors: Desnoyer Addison N. , He Weiying , Behyan Shirin , Chiu Weiling , Love Jennifer A. , Kennepohl Pierre 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe electronic nature of Ni π‐complexes is underexplored even though these complexes have been widely postulated as intermediates in organometallic chemistry. Herein, the geometric and electronic structure of a series of nickel π‐complexes, Ni(dtbpe)(X) (dtbpe=1,2‐bis(di‐tert‐butyl)phosphinoethane; X=alkene or carbonyl containing π‐ligands), is probed using a combination of 31P NMR, Ni K‐edge XAS, Ni Kβ XES, and DFT calculations. These complexes are best described as square planar d10 complexes with π‐backbonding acting as the dominant contributor to M−L bonding to the π‐ligand. The degree of backbonding correlates with 2JPP from NMR and the energy of the Ni 1s→4pz pre‐edge in the Ni K‐edge XAS data, and is determined by the energy of the π*ip ligand acceptor orbital. Thus, unactivated olefinic ligands tend to be poor π‐acids whereas ketones, aldehydes, and esters allow for greater backbonding. However, backbonding is still significant even in cases in which metal contributions are minor. In such cases, backbonding is dominated by charge donation from the diphosphine, which allows for strong backdonation, although the metal centre retains a formal d10 electronic configuration. This ligand‐induced backbonding can be formally described as a 3‐centre‐4‐electron (3c‐4e) interaction, in which the nickel centre mediates charge transfer from the phosphine σ‐donors to the π*ip ligand acceptor orbital. The implications of this bonding motif are described with respect to both structure and reactivity.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Organometallic Molecular Cylinders Bearing Bulky Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Wen , Das Rajorshi , Li Yang , Wang Yao‐Yu , Han Ying‐Feng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe metal‐controlled self‐assembly of organometallic molecular cylinders from a series of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine‐based tris‐NHC ligands is described in this report. The imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridinium salts H3‐L(PF6)3 (L=4 a–4 c) were treated with 1.5 equivalents of Ag2O to yield the trinuclear AgI hexacarbene cages [Ag3(L)2](PF6)3 (L=4 a–4 c), in which three AgI are sandwiched between the two tricarbene ligands. The silver(I) complexes [Ag3(L)2](PF6)3 underwent a facile transmetalation reaction in the presence of 3 equivalents of [AuCl(tht)] (tht=tetrahydrothiophene) to furnish the trinuclear AuI cylinder‐like cages [Au3(L)2](PF6)3 (L=4 a–4 c) without destruction of the metallosupramolecular structure. The new hexacarbene assemblies feature a large cavity that can easily accommodate a molecule of dimethyl sulfoxide as molecular guest. This is the first study of a unique “host–guest” system containing an organometallic cylinder‐like cage derived exclusively from poly‐NHC ligands.
Review of fluid‐solid reaction analysis—Part 1: Single nonporous reactant solid
Authors: Sohn Hong Yong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFluid‐solid reactions make up a large number of important processes in the chemical and metallurgical industries. Despite their enormous importance, much confusion still exists in the systematic and quantitative analysis of the kinetics of these reactions. Even more serious are the frequent misapplications of existing theories. This series of articles reviews the advances made in the quantitative analysis and mathematical models of fluid‐solid reactions with the aim of providing information on the principles involved in the correct approach for describing the rates of fluid‐solid reactions. This Part 1 of the series covers the analysis of the reactions in which the starting solid has little initial porosity.
DG‐GL: Differential geometry‐based geometric learning of molecular datasets
Authors: Nguyen Duc Duy , Wei Guo‐Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMotivation: Despite its great success in various physical modeling, differential geometry (DG) has rarely been devised as a versatile tool for analyzing large, diverse, and complex molecular and biomolecular datasets because of the limited understanding of its potential power in dimensionality reduction and its ability to encode essential chemical and biological information in differentiable manifolds.Results: We put forward a differential geometry‐based geometric learning (DG‐GL) hypothesis that the intrinsic physics of three‐dimensional (3D) molecular structures lies on a family of low‐dimensional manifolds embedded in a high‐dimensional data space. We encode crucial chemical, physical, and biological information into 2D element interactive manifolds, extracted from a high‐dimensional structural data space via a multiscale discrete‐to‐continuum mapping using differentiable density estimators. Differential geometry apparatuses are utilized to construct element interactive curvatures in analytical forms for certain analytically differentiable density estimators. These low‐dimensional differential geometry representations are paired with a robust machine learning algorithm to showcase their descriptive and predictive powers for large, diverse, and complex molecular and biomolecular datasets. Extensive numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate that the proposed DG‐GL strategy outperforms other advanced methods in the predictions of drug discovery‐related protein‐ligand binding affinity, drug toxicity, and molecular solvation free energy.Availability and implementation: http://weilab.math.msu.edu/DG‐GL/Contact: wei@math.msu.edu
Institutional pressures on corporate social responsibility strategy in construction corporations: The role of internal motivations
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Gao‐Zeller Xiaojiang , Rizzuto Tracey E. , Yang Fan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of the research is to reveal the role of internal motivations in the mechanism driving corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy in construction corporations. A framework was constructed based on neo‐institutional theory, and measurement scales were developed through interviews. Questionnaire surveys and hierarchical regression analysis were carried out to verify the framework in a sample of huge Chinese construction corporations. The results reveal the mediating and moderating roles of ethical leadership, managerial moral motivation, and managerial autonomy in driving CSR strategy, which will enrich the application of neo‐institutional theory in future CSR research. Furthermore, this study developed indicators, scales, and analytical frameworks with full consideration of the theoretical generality and the industrial particularity of Chinese construction corporations, which deepened the understanding of the driving mechanism of CSR strategy in the construction industry. The findings have practical implications for HCCCs in terms of developing CSR strategy and ultimately improving their CSR performance.
Factors influencing the level of environmental disclosures in sustainability reports: Case of climate risk disclosure by Brazilian companies
Authors: Kouloukoui Daniel , Sant'Anna Ângelo Marcio Oliveira , da Silva Gomes Sônia Maria , de Oliveira Marinho Marcia Mara , de Jong Pieter , Kiperstok Asher , Torres Ednildo Andrade 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn addition to sustainability issues, companies are being asked to disclose information on climate change risks in order to inform investors and stakeholders. However, despite the growing number of studies on corporate environmental disclosure, there are few studies on risks and opportunities in relation to climate change. This study investigated the extent and content of climate risks information disclosure provided in the sustainability reports of firms listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (BM&FBovespa) and tested whether there were any relationships between the amount of climate risks disclosure and some corporation characteristics. The sample was composed of companies that were simultaneously listed on the stock exchange and disclosed the Global Reporting Initiative sustainability reports from 2009 to 2014. The final sample of the study was 67 companies totaling 402 observations. Preliminary results from the content analysis revealed that, although Brazilian companies tend to disclose information on climate risks, the level of this type of disclosure still remains relatively low. Findings suggest that corporate climate risk disclosures have significant and positive relationships with firm size, financial performance, and country origin. Nevertheless, findings indicate that corporate climate risk disclosures have negative associations with level of indebtedness.
Antibodies to oxidized insulin improve prediction of type 1 diabetes in children with positive standard islet autoantibodies
Authors: Strollo Rocky , Vinci Chiara , Napoli Nicola , Fioriti Elvira , Maddaloni Ernesto , Åkerman Linda , Casas Rosaura , Pozzilli Paolo , Ludvigsson Johnny , Nissim Ahuva 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAntibodies to posttranslationally modified insulin (oxPTM‐INS‐Ab) are a novel biomarker of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we evaluated whether oxPTM‐INS‐Ab can improve T1D prediction in children with positive standard islet autoantibodies (AAB).MethodsWe evaluated sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and risk for progression to T1D associated with oxPTM‐INS‐Ab and the standard islet AAB that include insulin (IAA), GAD (GADA), and tyrosine phosphatase 2 (IA‐2A) in a cohort of islet AAB‐positive (AAB+) children from the general population (median follow‐up 8.8 years).ResultsoxPTM‐INS‐Ab was the most sensitive and specific autoantibody biomarker (74% sensitivity, 91% specificity), followed by IA‐2A (71% sensitivity, 91% specificity). GADA and IAA showed lower sensitivity (65% and 50%, respectively) and specificity (66% and 68%, respectively). Accuracy (AUC of ROC) of oxPTM‐INS‐Ab was higher than GADA and IAA (P = 0.003 and P = 0.017, respectively), and similar to IA‐2A (P = 0.896). oxPTM‐INS‐Ab and IA‐2A were more effective than IAA for detecting progr‐T1D when used as second‐line biomarker in GADA+ children. Risk for diabetes was higher (P = 0.03) among multiple AAB+ who were also oxPTM‐INS‐Ab+ compared with those who were oxPTM‐INS‐Ab–. Importantly, when replacing IAA with oxPTM‐INS‐Ab, diabetes risk increased to 100% in children with oxPTM‐INS‐Ab+ in combination with GADA+ and IA‐2A+, compared with 84.37% in those with IAA+, GADA+, and IA‐2A+ (P = 0.04).ConclusionsAntibodies to oxidized insulin (oxPTM‐INS‐Ab), compared with IAA which measure autoantibodies to native insulin, improve T1D risk assessment and prediction accuracy in AAB+ children.
Assessing serum albumin concentration following exercise‐induced fluid shifts in the context of the athlete biological passport
Authors: Miller Geoffrey D. , Teramoto Masaru , Smeal Stacy J. , Cushman Dan , Eichner Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeThe hydration status of an athlete at the time of a doping control sample collection is an important factor to consider when reviewing athlete biological passports (ABPs). Dehydration results in a reduction of the circulating plasma volume (PV), which may lead to artificially high values of some blood parameters. This study aimed to identify whether serum albumin could serve as a single marker of fluid shifts, which are not currently accounted for in the hematological passport. An additional marker could be used to assist experts when interpreting irregularities in the ABP.MethodsTwelve subjects underwent multiple controlled exercise trials designed to induce varying levels of PV shifts. Pre‐exercise blood samples were collected to establish baseline values for individual passports. During exercise interventions, blood samples were collected before the start of exercise and at 10 minute, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 24 hours following exercise.ResultsSignificant increases in hematological parameters – hemoglobin [Hb], hematocrit (HCT), albumin (ALB), and calculated OFF‐score – were identified at varying time points following fluid shift‐inducing exercise. Changes in ALB correlated strongly with changes in [Hb] (r = 0.753) and with estimated PV shifts (r = −0.764). In analyzing ABPs, the resulting increases in Hb did not trigger any atypical findings at 99% specificity.PerspectiveMonitoring changes in ALB longitudinally may assist experts when reviewing PV shifts in the biological passport.
Psychiatric and medical correlates of DSM‐5 eating disorders in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States
Authors: Udo Tomoko , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine psychiatric and somatic correlates of DSM‐5 eating disorders (EDs)—anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge‐eating disorder (BED)—in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States.MethodA national sample of 36,309 adult participants in the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions III (NESARC‐III) completed structured diagnostic interviews (AUDADIS‐5) to determine psychiatric disorders, including EDs, and reported 12‐month diagnosis of chronic somatic conditions. Prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders and somatic conditions were calculated across the AN, BN, and BED groups and a fourth group without specific ED; multiple logistic regression models compared the likelihood of psychiatric/somatic conditions with each specific ED relative to the no‐specific ED group.ResultsAll three EDs were associated significantly with lifetime mood disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol and drug use disorders, and personality disorders. In all three EDs, major depressive disorder was the most prevalent, followed by alcohol use disorder. AN was associated significantly with fibromyalgia, cancer, anemia, and osteoporosis, and BED with diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and triglycerides. BN was not associated significantly with any somatic conditions.ConclusionsThis study examined lifetime psychiatric and somatic correlates of DSM‐5 AN, BN, and BED in a large representative sample of U.S. adults. Our findings on significant associations with other psychiatric disorders and with current chronic somatic conditions indicate the serious burdens of EDs. Our findings suggest important differences across specific EDs and indicate some similarities and differences to previous smaller studies based on earlier diagnostic criteria.
SPECIES: A platform for the exploration of ecological data
Authors: Stephens Christopher R. , Sierra‐Alcocer Raúl , González‐Salazar Constantino , Barrios Juan M. , Salazar Carrillo Juan Carlos , Robredo Ezquivelzeta Everardo , del Callejo Canal Enrique 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe modeling of ecological data that include both abiotic and biotic factors is fundamental to our understanding of ecosystems. Repositories of biodiversity data, such as GBIF, iDigBio, Atlas of Living Australia, and SNIB (Mexico's National System of Biodiversity Information), contain a great deal of information that can lead to knowledge discovery about ecosystems. However, there is a lack of tools with which to efficiently extract such knowledge. In this paper, we present SPECIES, an open, web‐based platform designed to extract implicit information contained in large scale sets of ecological data. SPECIES is based on a tested methodology, wherein the correlations of variables of arbitrary type and spatial resolution, both biotic and abiotic, discrete and continuous, may be explored from both niche and network perspectives. In distinction to other modeling systems, SPECIES is a full stack exploratory tool that integrates the three basic components: data (which is incrementally growing), a statistical modeling and analysis engine, and an interactive visualization front end. Combined, these components provide a powerful tool that may guide ecologists toward new insights. SPECIES is optimized to support fast hypothesis prototyping and testing, analyzing thousands of biotic and abiotic variables, and presenting descriptive results to the user at different levels of detail. SPECIES is an open‐access platform available online (http://species.conabio.gob.mx), that is, powerful, flexible, and easy to use. It allows for the exploration and incorporation of ecological data and its subsequent integration into predictive models for both potential ecological niche and geographic distribution. It also provides an ecosystemic, network‐based analysis that may guide the researcher in identifying relations between different biota, such as the relation between disease vectors and potential disease hosts.
Population genetics reveals high connectivity of giant panda populations across human disturbance features in key nature reserve
Authors: Qiao Maiju , Connor Thomas , Shi Xiaogang , Huang Jie , Huang Yan , Zhang Hemin , Ran Jianghong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe giant panda is an example of a species that has faced extensive historical habitat fragmentation, and anthropogenic disturbance and is assumed to be isolated in numerous subpopulations with limited gene flow between them. To investigate the population size, health, and connectivity of pandas in a key habitat area, we noninvasively collected a total of 539 fresh wild giant panda fecal samples for DNA extraction within Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Seven validated tetra‐microsatellite markers were used to analyze each sample, and a total of 142 unique genotypes were identified. Nonspatial and spatial capture–recapture models estimated the population size of the reserve at 164 and 137 individuals (95% confidence intervals 153–175 and 115–163), respectively. Relatively high levels of genetic variation and low levels of inbreeding were estimated, indicating adequate genetic diversity. Surprisingly, no significant genetic boundaries were found within the population despite the national road G350 that bisects the reserve, which is also bordered with patches of development and agricultural land. We attribute this to high rates of migration, with four giant panda road‐crossing events confirmed within a year based on repeated captures of individuals. This likely means that giant panda populations within mountain ranges are better connected than previously thought. Increased development and tourism traffic in the area and throughout the current panda distribution pose a threat of increasing population isolation, however. Maintaining and restoring adequate habitat corridors for dispersal is thus a vital step for preserving the levels of gene flow seen in our analysis and the continued conservation of the giant panda meta‐population in both Wolong and throughout their current range.