bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF URBAN CO-OPERATIVE BANKS IN INDIA
Authors: Raju Swati 
Published: March 2018

Aim: Urban Co-operative Banks are a small segment albeit significant constituent in the multi-stage credit delivery mechanism of the banking sector in India. These banks have an organisational, managerial and regulatory structure different from commercial banks. It is, therefore, of interest to study the efficiency with which these banks perform their core banking and off balance sheet activities. This paper focuses on the measurement of efficiency in the conduct of core banking and off balance sheet activities for the period 2013-14 to 2015-16. Design / Research methods: The main idea is to employ the parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis and the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis to measure the efficiency of Urban Co-operative Banks. We estimate two models for both the frontier methods, Model A examines the efficiency in core banking activity and Model B for the off balance sheet activities. The analysis of super efficiency undertaken helps identify the most efficient bank while the quartile analysis provides an insight into the distribution of efficiency (for both Models A and B). A Tobit model (for both Models A and B) has also been estimated to identify the determinants of efficiency. Conclusions / findings: We find that Urban Co-operative banks display a higher mean efficiency in core banking activities (Model A) as compared to the off-balance sheet activities (Model B) and this finding has been reiterated by the frequency distribution of efficiency for both the frontier methods. The difference is the mean efficiency obtained for Models A and B is much wider under the stochastic frontier analysis. The analysis of super efficiency points out that of the three banks efficient under Model A and five efficient banks under Model only one bank is common to both the models. The quartile analysis highlights that 38.9 percent of the UCBs are ranked in the lower two quartiles of efficiency. The Tobit regression model has identified deposits and loans disbursed as significant determinants of efficiency for both models. Originality / value of the article: This study contributes significantly to the existent gap in the literature on efficiency measurement of banks in India by focussing on efficiency measurement among urban co-operative banks who play an important role in urban financial inclusion. Implications of the research: This study is the only study that has measured the efficiency in operations of Urban Co-operative Banks and can hence provide an insight into the operations of these banks. It can also help individual banks in taking appropriate measures to improve efficiency.
EFFICIENCY CONTAINER PORTS IN BRAZIL: A DEA AND FDH APPROACH
Authors: Cabral Alexandra Maria Rios , Ramos Francisco S. 
Published: March 2018

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the technical efficiency of 44 Brazilian port terminals that handled containers in 2016. The evaluation will first proceed by identifying the main benchmarks. It will then provide an analysis of variables that may have an effect on technical efficiency as well as the nature of their relationship with the latter--namely: container movement and specialized terminals. Design / Research methods: In this work we apply the techniques of Data Envelopment Analysis and Free Disposal Hull. Output-oriented models were constructed, using three inputs - berth depth, berth length and number of berths, and three outputs - number of containers handled, medium board measured in container handled per hour of mooring, and medium consignment rate measured in container throughput per ship. Conclusions / findings: The main results show that half of the terminals have an inefficient infrastructure, with capacity larger than necessary to meet current demand for transportation of containers. In addition, there is a strong relationship between the efficiency and size of a terminal port and between the efficiency and degree of specialization. Moreover, the private use terminal of (TUP) Itacal and public quay OCRIM can serve as benchmarks for most of the terminals. Originality / value of the article: Relatively few works in the literature tried to measure technical efficiency for developing countries. Besides that, none of the works found regarding Brazilian ports have shown the scenario after promulgation of the Port’s Law in 2013, and only a few used container cargo as focus. This article is of interest for scientists of the sector, exporters/importers, and Brazilian Government officers interested in observing the effects of public policies aimed at the sector. We also suggest future work concerning the sector's improvements which can follow from our findings.
EFFICIENCY IN FOOD GRAINS PRODUCTION IN INDIA USING DEA AND SFA
Authors: Mathur Rajani Neeraj , Ramnath Swati Raju 
Published: March 2018

Aim: Food security is a multi-dimensional issue and is concerned with aspects such as availability, access and utilisation. It would require major interventions that will transform the current patterns and practices of food production, distribution and consumption. Food security can be attained by increasing the level of agricultural productivity and efficiency and improvements in agricultural efficiency are at the core of the quest for food security. This paper seeks to examine the efficiency in food grains production in India for the period 1960-61 to 2013-14. Design / Research methods: The key idea is to employ the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis and the parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis to measure the efficiency of food grains production in India. We have estimated an input oriented single output, multi – input DEA models (CRS – DEA and VRS- DEA) of agricultural production to measure the efficiency in food grains production for two time periods 1960-61 to 1989-90 and 1991-92 to 2013-14. The analysis of super efficiency was conducted for both these time periods helped identify the years in which food grains production was most efficient. Conclusions / findings: We find high average efficiency in farming operations for both the frontier methods. However, the range of efficiency obtained varies considerably for the different frontier methods. The period after 1990 has witnessed improved agricultural performance as can be inferred from the frequency distribution of the efficiency scores which indicates that during this period the overall efficiency scores have been higher and there was not a single year in which the efficiency levels have been less than 0.9. The analysis of super efficiency also vindicates the improved performance of the agricultural sector in the post 1990 periods as greater number of years recorded an efficiency score greater than 1 as compared to the previous period. However, the super efficiency scores recorded in the period 1961-1990 were higher than those in the post 1990 years suggesting thereby that there could be a tapering of the positive impact of the Green Revolution. Efficiency estimates obtained by the SFA model are marginally lower than that of the DEA model and the results of the SFA model indicate net sown area, net irrigated area and pesticides to be statistically significant inputs. Originality / value of the article: This study contributes significantly to the literature on efficiency measurement of agricultural production in India by focussing on efficiency measurement of food grains. Most studies focus on farm level data and /or on individual crops.Implications of the research: This results of this study have implications for the issue of food security in India. Its results indicate that a need to expand irrigation facilities and net sown area to improve efficiency in food grain production which is vital for the issue of food security.
Tipografía latinoamericana
Authors: Romero Marcela , Cosgaya Pablo 
Published: March 2018

La actividad tipográfica latinoamericana se ha redefinido a partir de una corriente modernizadora que en el último cuarto del siglo XX impulsó cambios significativos en la región. Este trabajo registra algunos de esos cambios y los enmarca con una mirada panorámica. La lectura de este escrito compartido proyecta desafíos y nuevas necesidades, pero sobre todo subraya la urgencia de indagar los cruces que existen entre las características técnicas, culturales y sociales del hacer tipográfico mundial con las de la tipografía regional y su actual producción, distribución y consumo.
Seleção tipográfica no contexto do design editorial
Authors: Vonni Meürer de Lima Mary , Santos Gonçalves Berenice 
Published: March 2018

O processo de seleção tipográfica constitui uma das etapas fundamentais para a o desenvolvimento de projetos de design editorial, onde a tipografia deve favorecer uma leitura imersiva. Diante do crescente número de fontes digitais disponíveis no mercado, com diferentes estilos e características este processo torna-se mais complexo principalmente para acadêmicos e profissionais em início de carreira. Buscando elencar critérios que possam orientar este processo foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa formalizada a partir de uma consulta a especialistas em tipografia e design editorial, para identificar os critérios adotados no processo de seleção tipográfica. Ao final da pesquisa observou-se que os critérios apontados pelos especialistas corroboram e completam a revisão de literatura, acrescentando relevantes considerações sobre licenciamento de fontes e o posicionamento da publicação no mercado.
Abordagem tipográfica alusiva e interpretativa em design de livros em prosa
Authors: Pierro de Camargo Iara 
Published: March 2018

Há duas principais abordagens para a escolha tipográfica de livros em prosa: uma abordagem funcional, que leva em consideração aspectos práticos como legibilidade, leiturabilidade e neutralidade (para que essa escolha não interfira na leitura); e uma abordagem mais subjetiva e interpretativa, que busca estabelecer relações semânticas entre o texto e as formas ou questões históricas e culturais de uma família tipográfica. Essa abordagem pode privilegiar aspectos como alusão (tipografia alusiva), atmosfera, entre outros. Neste artigo, apresentamos a argumentação de críticos, designers e tipógrafos sobre escolhas tipográficas de livros de prosa que vão além de questões funcionais, e três estudos de caso em que os designers Rudolph Ruzicka, Helen Gentry, Daniel Berkeley Updike, William A. Kittredge, Wilber H. “Chip” Schilling e Elaine Ramos usaram a tipografia para estabelecer relações semânticas com o texto.
Real-time Parental Voice Recognition System For Persons Having Impaired Hearing
Authors: Yağanoğlu Mete , Köse Cemal 
Published: March 2018

Persons having impaired hearing do not live a comfortable life because
they can’t hear sounds when they are asleep or alone at home. In this study, a
parental voice recognition system was proposed for those people. Persons having
impaired hearing are informed by vibration about which one of their parents is
speaking. By this means, the person having impaired hearing real timely
perceives who is calling or who is speaking to him. The wearable device that we
developed can real timely perceive parental voice very easily, and transmits it
to person having impaired hearing, while he/she is asleep or at home. A
wearable device has been developed for persons having impaired hearing to use
easily at home environment. Our device is placed on user’s back, and just a ring-sized
vibration motor is attached to the finger of person. Our device consists of
Raspberry Pi, usb sound card, microphone, power supply and vibration motor.
First of all, the sound is received by a microphone, and sampling is made.
According to the Nyquist Theorem, 44100 samples are made per second.
Normalization during preprocessing phase, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients
(MFCC) during feature extraction stage, k nearest neighbor (knn) during the
classification phase were used. Statistical or Z-score normalization was used
in the pre-processing phase. By means of normalization of the data, it is
ensured that each parameter in the training input set contributes equally to
the prediction of the model. MFCC is one of the feature extraction methods that
are frequently used in voice recognition applications. MFCC represents the
short-time power spectrum of the audio signal, and models the manner of
perception of human ear. Knn is an educational learning algorithm, and its aim
is to classify the existing learning data when a new sampling arrives. The
sound data received via microphone were estimated through preprocessing,
feature extraction and classification stages, and the person having impaired
hearing was informed through real time vibrations about to whom this voice
belongs. This study was tested on 2 deaf, 3 normal hearing persons. The ears of
normal hearing persons were covered with a earphone that gives out loud noise.
Persons having impaired hearing estimated their mothers’ voice by 76%, and
fathers’ voice by 81% accuracy in real-time tests. The success rate decreases
due to the noise of environment especially while watching tv. In the tests performed while these persons
are asleep, a person having impaired hearing perceives his/her mother’s voice by
78%, and father’s voice by 83%
accuracy. In this study it was aimed for persons having impaired hearing to
perceive their parents’ voice and accordingly have a more prosperous standard
of living.
Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity Evaluation of Essential Oils of Achillea Sipikorensis, an Endemic Plant from Turkey
Authors: Eruygur Nuraniye , Çevik Özge , Ataş Mehmet , Tekin Mehmet 
Published: March 2018

The Achillea
L. (Asteraceae) are known all over the world and used widely by local people as
folk herbal medicine. The species are
reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic, antispasmodic vs.
activities and have been used for the treatment of various ailments in Turkish
traditional medicine. This work it the first study on chemical composition and
biological activity of essential oil obtained from endemic plant- A. sipikorensis Hausskn. Et. Bornm
evaluated for their antiradical, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. GC/MS
analyses showed that cis- chrysanthenol (14.5%), 1, 8-cineol (10.9%),
caryophyllene oxide (8.5%), borneol (8.2%), and camphor (6.1%) were the major
constituents in the essential oil from aerial part of the plant. The essential
oil demonstrated good antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.
Orman Ekolojisinde Odunsu Vejetasyonun Sınıflandırmasına Yönelik Bir Çalışma (Isparta-Yenişarbademli Örneği)
Authors: Kurt Esra Özge , Negiz Mehmet Güvenç 
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışma Yenişarbademli
ormanlık alanlarında odunsu vejetasyonunun sınıflandırılması amacıyla
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Vejetasyon sınıflandırması, biyolojik çeşitliliği korumak
ve devamını sağlamak adına önemli bilgiler vermektedir. Çalışmada arazi envanteri
ile 20x20 metre boyutlarında 103 örnekleme alanı alınmıştır. Her örnekleme
alanında odunsu bitki türleri ve yetişme ortamı özellikleri envantere
kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmada vejetasyon gruplarını ayırabilmek amacıyla kümeleme
analizi ve iki yönlü gösterge analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kümeleme analizi ve
iki yönlü gösterge analizi gerçekleştirilirken bitki türlerine ait var- yok
değerleri kullanılmıştır. Kümeleme analizi ile gösterge tür belirlenemediği
için ayrıca nitelikler arası ilişki analizi uygulanmıştır ve toplamda 6 farklı
analiz uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda hangi grupların kullanacağına
karar vermek amacıyla kümeleme analizi ve iki yönlü gösterge analizi
sonuçlarına çoklu permütasyon testi (MRPP) analizi uygulanmıştır. MRPP
analizinin sonucuna göre iki yönlü gösterge analizinin beş göstergeli ikili
grup ayrımı üzerinden yorumların yapılmasının daha uygun olduğuna karar
verilmiştir. Vejetasyon
sınıflandırmasına yönelik gerçekleştirilen birçok çalışmada da iki yönlü
gösterge analizinin etkili ve güncel bir yöntem olarak seçilmiş olması da elde
ettiğimiz bu sonucu doğrulamaktadır. İki yönlü gösterge analizinin 5 indikatör
ikili grup ayrımı sonucunda THYSAM, CIRARV, BERVUL, JUNOXY, EUPSPP türleri
ayrıcı türler olarak tespit edilmiş, ayrıca ikili ayrımın ilk grubunu 51,
ikinci grubunu 52 örnekleme alanı temsil etmiştir. Ayrıcı türler incelendiğinde
çalışma alanın yüksek kesimlerinde yer alan türler olduğu görülmektedir. Burada
ilk grupta bu türler pozitif göstergeler iken, ikinci grupta negatif gösterge
niteliğindedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın sonucu olarak; grup ayrımlarının
oluşmasında ve gösterge türlerinin tespit edilmesinde yükseltinin en önemli
değişken olduğunu söylemek mümkündür.
An Assessment of Shallow Groundwater Wells In An Agricultural And Coastal Area In Göksu Delta, Turkey
Authors: GÜNER Esra Deniz , TEKİN Senem , SEÇKİN Galip 
Published: March 2018

The Göksu
Delta of Turkey is an alluvial delta with intense agricultural activity and has
great ecological and economic significance. Water samples were collected
monthly from 24 wells in the study area, and 13 water quality parameters were
examined. The objective of the study was also to determination the water
quality in wells of the Göksu Delta and assess levels of salinisation in the
region. Piper diagrams and the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to
generate ionic ratios to evaluate water quality in the study area in an
efficient manner. Overall, the
groundwater examined has medium levels of salinity and low sodium content. The ncrease in groundwater salinity and
amounts of Na+ and Cl- are indicators of saltwater
intrusion. Rock dissolution and ion exchange were also found to play an active
role in the region. All of these factors affect the sustainability of the
freshwater aquifers and lower their quality for wildlife species.
FORMULASI KODE ETIK PENDIDIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Farhan Moh. 
Published: March 2018

Being Educator is an honour profession in Islam. It is an essensial factor in the education system. Thus a dignity and an authority of this profession have to be maintained by the educators. The way to keep the honour of this profession can be done by conducting ethical codes as a guidence to conduct activities as the educators.In a modern era, an educator ethic has been formulated. However, it shows unoptimal to keep the educators’ dignity. Thus, a solution is needed to solve the problem. Part of the solution from Islamic education scholars during Islamic education hystory is the genuin thinking of those scholars. They have formulated the educator’s ethics codes. From their thinking and ideas, there are three ethic codes that can be understood: The First: related to the obligation to have a good intention as the educator by improving a quality of “taqwa” to Allah SWT because teaching is a worship. The second: the educators have to keep their profession by improving the personality with a good character (Akhlak). The third, keep improving the educators’ competences and professionalism.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI MAN YOGYAKARTA III
Authors: Sholihah Hidayatus 
Published: March 2018

This study is aimed at revealing the functions of human resource management in MAN Yogyakarta III (State Islamic Senior High School) that includes human resource planning, recruitment, selection and placement, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation, health program, teacher and employee relation and the effectiveness of human resource management.This study is a qualitative research. The subjects of this study are the principal, teachers, employees and students of MAN Yogyakarta III. The data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interview and documentation. The technique employed to measure the data validity was triangulation. The research instrument was the researcher herself. The data were analyzed using interactive model consisting of three phases: data reduction, data display, and verification.The findings show that MAN Yogyakarta III (1) arranges human resource planning based on the vision, however, it is not effective because madrasah has no right to plan; (2) recruits competent teachers and employees effectively through news paper; (3) sets four types of effective selection: administration selection, academic selection, interview and micro teaching and positions the teachers and employees based on their academic qualification and competences; (4) implements effective training and development programs in accordance with the teachers` and employees` needs such as sharing ideas and knowledge, comparative study, internal presentation, evaluation and coordination; (5) appraises performance by checking the administration of teaching and supervision but the implementation of performance appraisal is not effective. (6) gives the effective compensation for the teachers and employees in accordance with their status; (7) undertakes effective health programs by creating clean and healthy school environment; (9) organizes some programs to establish effective relationship between the teachers and employees.
TERJEMAHAN AL-HURÛF AL-MUQATHTHA‘AH VERSI INKAR AL-SUNNAH: Telaah Kritis Al-Qur`an dan Terjemah Versi Tadabbur
Authors: Hasan Moh. Abdul Kholiq , Hidayat Syamsul 
Published: March 2018

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>:<em> </em> Penelitian ini mengkritisi <em>al-Hurûf al-Muqaththa‘ah </em>dalam buku<em> al-Qur’an dan Terjemah Versi Tadabbur</em>. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian semantik kualitatif berbasis kepustakaan, dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan <em>content</em> <em>analysis</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Minardi Mursyid menggunakan tiga pendekatan dalam menerjemahkan <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>urûf al-Muqaththa‘ah</em>. <em>Pertama</em>, pendekatan fonetik Arab berupa bunyi dasar suara yang terdapat pada <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>urûf al-Muqaththa‘ah</em>. <em>Kedua</em>, pendekatan tematik dengan cara mengumpulan ayat-ayat lain yang ada kaitannya dengan <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>urûf al-Muqaththa‘ah</em> yang diterjemahkan. <em>Ketiga</em>, pendekatan matematik dengan memakai rumusan angka 19 temuan Rasyâd Khalîfah. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa dari ketiga pendekatan tersebut terdapat deviasi kaidah penafsiran dan bahasa Arab.</p><p><br /> <strong>Abstract</strong>: <strong>Translation of <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>urûf al-Muqaththa‘ah</em> of <em>Inkar al-Sunnah</em> Version: a Critical Study of Minardi Mursyid’s <em>al-Qur`an dan Terjemah Versi Tadabbur</em></strong> . This study aims to criticize translation of <em>al-Huruf al-Muqathttha'ah</em> in <em>Al-Qur’an dan Terjemah Versi Tadabbur</em>. This research is text-based using semantic qualitative approach. This study reveals that Minardi Mursyid used three approaches in translating <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>uruf al-Muqaththa</em><em>‘</em><em>ah</em>. The first approach was Arabic phonetic considering through basic sounds of <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>uruf al-Muqaththa</em><em>‘</em><em>ah</em>. The second approach was thematic by collecting other verses related to the translation of <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>uruf al-Muqaththa</em><em>‘</em><em>ah</em>. The third approach was mathematic using phenomenon of number 19 found by Rasyad Khalifah. The author affirms that the three above mentioned approaches had deviated from the principles of Quran exegeses and Arabic language.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Minardi, <em>Inkar al-Sunah</em>, al-Qur’an, <em>al-<span style="text-decoration: underline;">H</span>urûf al-Muqaththa‘ah</em></p>