bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic and evolutionary analysis of the mechanisms by which P. argentatum, a rubber producing perennial, responds to drought
Authors: Nelson Andrew D. L. , Ponciano Griesel , McMahan Colleen , Ilut Daniel C. , Pugh N. Ace , Elshikha Diaa Eldin , Hunsaker Douglas J. , Pauli Duke 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a drought tolerant, rubber producing perennial shrub native to northern Mexico and the US Southwest. Hevea brasiliensis, currently the world’s only source of natural rubber, is grown as a monoculture, leaving it vulnerable to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Isolation of rubber from guayule occurs by mechanical harvesting of the entire plant. It has been reported that environmental conditions leading up to harvest have a profound impact on rubber yield. The link between rubber biosynthesis and drought, a common environmental condition in guayule’s native habitat, is currently unclear.

Results

We took a transcriptomic and comparative genomic approach to determine how drought impacts rubber biosynthesis in guayule. We compared transcriptional profiles of stem tissue, the location of guayule rubber biosynthesis, collected from field-grown plants subjected to water-deficit (drought) and well-watered (control) conditions. Plants subjected to the imposed drought conditions displayed an increase in production of transcripts associated with defense responses and water homeostasis, and a decrease in transcripts associated with rubber biosynthesis. An evolutionary and comparative analysis of stress-response transcripts suggests that more anciently duplicated transcripts shared among the Asteraceae, rather than recently derived duplicates, are contributing to the drought response observed in guayule. In addition, we identified several deeply conserved long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) containing microRNA binding motifs. One lncRNA in particular, with origins at the base of Asteraceae, may be regulating the vegetative to reproductive transition observed in water-stressed guayule by acting as a miRNA sponge for miR166.

Conclusions

These data represent the first genomic analyses of how guayule responds to drought like conditions in agricultural production settings. We identified an inverse relationship between stress-responsive transcripts and those associated with precursor pathways to rubber biosynthesis suggesting a physiological trade-off between maintaining homeostasis and plant productivity. We also identify a number of regulators of abiotic responses, including transcription factors and lncRNAs, that are strong candidates for future projects aimed at modulating rubber biosynthesis under water-limiting conditions common to guayules’ native production environment.
Is the COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism associated with muscle stiffness and sports-related muscle injury?
Authors: Miyamoto-Mikami Eri , Miyamoto Naokazu , Kumagai Hiroshi , Hirata Kosuke , Kikuchi Naoki , Zempo Hirofumi , Kimura Noriko , Kamiya Nobuhiro , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Naito Hisashi , Fuku Noriyuki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Poor joint flexibility has been repeatedly proposed as a risk factor for muscle injury. The C-to-T polymorphism (rs12722) in the 3′-untranslated region of the collagen type V α1 chain gene (COL5A1) is reportedly associated with joint flexibility. Joint flexibility is largely determined by muscle stiffness, which is influenced by intramuscular collagenous connective tissues including type V collagen. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that the COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism influences joint flexibility via muscle stiffness, and is accordingly associated with the incidence of muscle injury.

Methods

In Study 1, we examined whether the rs12722 polymorphism is associated with joint flexibility and muscle stiffness in 363 healthy young adults. Joint flexibility was evaluated by passive straight-leg-raise and sit-and-reach tests, and muscle stiffness was measured using ultrasound shear wave elastography. In Study 2, the association of the rs12722 polymorphism with sports-related muscle injury was assessed in 1559 Japanese athletes. Muscle injury history and severity were assessed by a questionnaire. In both Study 1 and Study 2, the rs12722 C-to-T polymorphism in the COL5A1 was determined using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.

Results

Study 1 revealed that the rs12722 polymorphism had no significant effect on range of motion in passive straight-leg-raise and sit-and-reach tests. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in muscle stiffness of the hamstring among the rs12722 genotypes. In Study 2, rs12722 genotype frequencies did not differ between the muscle injury and no muscle injury groups. Moreover, no association was observed between rs12722 polymorphism and severity of muscle injury.

Conclusions

The present study does not support the view that COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism has a role as a risk factor for sports-related muscle injury, or that it is a determinant for muscle stiffness.
Cost-Effectiveness of Pain Management Services for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review of Published Studies
Authors: Almazrou Saja , Elliott Rachel A , Knaggs Roger D , AlAujan Shiekha S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

To summarize and critically appraise the current evidence for the cost effectiveness of pain management services for managing chronic back pain.

Methods

Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO from their inception to February 2019. Full economic evaluations undertaken from any perspective conducted alongside randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or based on decision analysis models were included. Cochrane Back Review Group (CBRG) risk assessment and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist were used to assess the methodological quality of eligible studies.

Results

Five studies fulfilled eligibility criteria. The interventions varied significantly between studies in terms of the number and types? of treatment modalities, intensity and the duration of the program. Interventions were compared with either standard care, which varied according to the country and the setting; or to surgical interventions. Three studies showed that pain management services are cost effective, while two studies showed that these services are not cost effective.

In this review, three out of five studies had a high risk of bias based on the design of the randomised controlled trials (RCTs). In addition, there were limitations in the statistical and sensitivity analyses in the economic evaluations. Therefore, the results from these studies need to be interpreted with caution.

Conclusion

Pain management services may be cost effective for the management of low back pain. However, this systematic review highlights the variability of evidence supporting pain management services for patients with back pain. This is due to the variability of the interventions, comparators and outcomes.
Identification of two novel susceptibility variants on chromosome 5p15.33 for non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population
Authors: Ji Zhi , Li Ying , Xiang Cheng , Luo Xia , Yuan Peihong , Long Jieyi , Shen Na , Shen Ying , Deng Lingyan , Li Jiaoyuan , Cheng Liming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background：Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 5p15.33 as a susceptibility locus for lung cancer. However, for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), low-frequency risk variants in this region have not been systematically identified and studied. We have screened low-frequency variants on chromosome 5p15.33 in Chinese NSCLC patients by targeted sequencing before.
Methods：In this study, we selected candidate variants from low-frequency variants by comparing the genotype frequency of 400 NSCLC patients with 1,008 East Asians from The genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The associations between candidate variants and NSCLC were then discovered and replicated in two case-control sets: stage I with 960 cases and 916 controls, and stage II with 1,596 cases and 1,614 controls in total.
Results：Among the 5 candidates, 2 polymorphisms were significantly associated with risk of NSCLC, including rs33963617 (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.76, P = 3.80 × 10-7) in TERT and rs77518573 (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.63-0.84, P = 2.00 × 10-5) in CLPTM1L. When stratified by histologic subtype, a significant association was only investigated in adenocarcinoma for rs77518573. We also observed an obvious cumulative effect of the two significant variants.
Conclusions: We newly identified two NSCLC related variants on chromosome 5p15.33. Both TERT-rs33963617 and CLPTM1L-rs77518573 conferred reduced risk for NSCLC in Chinese population. Our study gives new insight into the power of low-frequency variants in explaining cancer heritability and expands our understanding about the essential role of TERT-CLPTM1L region in lung cancer development.
Keywords:
non-small cell lung cancer, 5p15.33, low frequency, genetic variant, susceptibility
The efficacy and safety of 'Antianxiety Granule' for anxiety disorder: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
Authors: Sha Zhongwei , Hou Yiping , Xue Chunchun , Li Ou , Li Zhimin , Wang Huiru , Zhang Wenjing , Xu Jian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent class of lifetime disorders in China, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common but frequently overlooked anxiety disorders. Conventional pharmacological treatments for GAD have varying degrees of side effects, dependency, and/or withdrawal syndromes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) therapy is considered a valuable therapeutic option for anxiety disorders and a potentially effective technique to reduce the side effects associated with antipsychotic drugs. This trial aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Antianxiety Granule, a granular Chinese medicine compound, for GAD.
Methods/Design: The current work is a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial with a 6-week treatment schedule. The study consists of three periods: a 1- to 7-day screening period, a 6-week primary treatment period, and a 1-week follow-up period. Follow-up assessments will be conducted one week after the last visit with a face-to-face interview or by telephone. The clinical efficacy of Antianxiety Granule for the treatment of GAD will be evaluated by examining the change in the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score, and TCM symptom scale in GAD patients who receive the daily TCM treatment. Moreover, an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis will also be used in this randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Discussion: Our study is a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Antianxiety Granule for the treatment of GAD. The results of this trial will provide valuable clinical evidence for the treatment of GAD.
Trial registration: The trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27210) under the registration number ChiCTR1800016039 on 8 May 2018. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2017SHL-KY-14).
Keywords: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), RCT, Efficacy, Safety
Evaluation the effects of Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on the inflammatory biomarkers, nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients, in Intensive Care Unit; A Randomized Clinical Trial protocol
Authors: Malekahmadi Mahsa , Moghaddam Omid Moradi , Nematy Mohsen , Firouzi Safieh , Norouzy Abdolreza 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major health and socioeconomic problems in the world. Immune-enhancing enteral formula has been proven to significantly reduce infection rate in TBI patient. One of the ingredients that can be used in immunonutrition formulas to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress is pycnogenol.

Objective

surveying the effect of pycnogenol on the clinical, nutritional and inflammatory status of TBI patients.

Methods

This is double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Block randomization are used. Intervention group will receive pycnogenol supplement 150 mg for 10 days. Control group will receive placebo for the same duration. Inflammatory status (IL-6, IL- 1β, C-reactive protein, IL-10) and oxidative stress status (Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity), at the base line, at the 5th day and at the end of the study (10th day) are measured. Clinical and nutritional status will be assessed three times during the intervention. SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) questionnaire for assessment of organ failure filled out every other day. The mortality rate will be asked within 28 days of the start of the intervention. Weight, body mass index and body composition are measured. All analyses will be conducted by initially assigned study arm in an intention-to-treat analysis.

Discussion

we will expect supplementation of 150 mg pycnogenol improves clinical and nutritional status of the TBI patients and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in the 10 days of intervention.
The effect of iron supplementation on birth outcome in mothers with high hemoglobin: a randomized double-blind clinical trial study
Authors: Alizadeh Leila , Salehi Leili , Osalou Mostafa Ashrafi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Although Iron supplementation is a chief component of prenatal care to prevent anemia in pregnant women, Extreme maternal iron status may adversely affect pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of iron supplementation on birth outcomes among pregnant women with high hemoglobin.
Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial,189 women who had a hemoglobin concentration more than 13.2 g/dl and a serum Ferritin level higher than 15 μg/l between the 16th and 20th weeks of pregnancy took either one 50 mg tablet of ferrous sulfate daily or placebo during their pregnancies. The data obtained from 13 pregnant women were not used in final analysis for different reasons. After birth, the birth weight, head circumference and birth height in each group were measured and compared, and also two groups compared due to risk of neonatal jaundice.
Results: The mean of maternal age and pre- pregnancy BMI was 26.11±5.13, 23.9±2.32, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to birth weight and height, but the difference in head circumference was significant (P=0.003). Also, the risk of neonatal jaundice in intervention group was more than that in control (P=0.005).
Conclusion: Iron supplementation in mothers with high hemoglobin did not increase the risk of maternal anemia or low birth weight, but the supplementation increased the risk of jaundice in newborns. It was an interesting finding that the birth head circumference was larger in the non-supplement group than that in the intervention group.
Key words: Pregnancy, ferrous sulfate, Birth Weight, Head Circumference, Neonatal jaundice.
Clinical trial registration: IRCT2013020612383N1, Registered 27.06.2014
A mutation in the filamin c gene causes myofibrillar myopathy with lower motor neuron syndrome: a case report
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wu Jun , Han ChunXi , Li Yao , Guo Yuzu , Tong Xiaoxin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders. Mutations in the filamin C gene (FLNC) have previously been identified in patients with MFM. The phenotypes of FLNC-related MFM are heterogeneous. Case presentation: The patient was a 37-year-old male who first experienced weakness in the distal muscles of his hand, which eventually spread to the lower limbs and proximal muscles. Serum creatine kinase levels were moderately elevated. Obvious neuropathic changes in the electromyographic exam and edema changes in lower distal limb magnetic resonance imaging were observed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of abnormal protein aggregates and angular atrophy in some muscle fibers. Ultrastructural analysis showed inordinate myofibrillar structures and dissolved myofilaments. DNA sequencing analysis detected a heterozygous missense mutation (c.7123G>A, p.V2375I) in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 of FLNC. Conclusions: FLNC mutation c.7123G>A, p.V2375I in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 can be associated with distal myopathy with typical MFM features and lower motor neuron syndrome. Although electromyographic examination of our patient showed obvious neuropathic changes, MFM could not be excluded. Therefore, genetic testing is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
Application of TEM sounding method on riverbank filtration site subsurface suitability
Authors: Abdul Razak Mohd Firdaus , Md Said Md Azlin , Abustan Ismail , Mohamad Mohd Hanis 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Transient electromagnetic (TEM) sounding technology is known for its capability in detecting resistive zones, especially those associated with fresh water. Nevertheless, to date, there have been no available studies that have employed TEM for riverbank filtration (RBF) application. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the capability of TEM technology in profiling the subsurface of RBF areas adjacent to Sungai Perak, Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar. A total of 27 survey points of simple rectangular loop configuration with loop area of 100 m2 (10 m × 10 m) were executed in the study area. A suite of TerraTEM equipment was used for the data acquisition process. The inversion and interpretation processes were then conducted by using the modeling program of ‘TDEM Geomodel’ and Surfer 13. The results showed four 2-D resistivity cross-section (depth–distance) profiles with their corresponding geological units. The interpretation results indicated that the subsurfaces of the study area were identified as alluvial-type soils (with a range of 10 to 40 Ωm) up to 8 m due to the presence of silt, sand and gravel. Based on the good quality results produced as well as its convenience, it is recommended that the TEM method is used for RBF exploration in future work.
Gingival Inflammatory Indices and Dental Stain Index after Using Aloe Vera-Green Tea Mouthwash, Matrica Mouthwash, or 0.2% Chlorhexidine Mouthwash Compared with Placebo in Patients with Gingival Inflammation
Authors: Yaghini Jaber , Naghsh Narges , Sadeghi Sayed Mohsen , Soltani Samaneh 
Published: July 2019

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of composition of aloe vera-green tea, matrica, and chlorhexidine on gingival inflammatory indices and dental stain index.

Materials & Methods:
In this double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial, anti-inflammatory, anti-plaque formation, and dental staining effects of two herbal mouthwashes, including aloe vera-green tea and matrica in comparison with chlorhexidine in 60 patients with plaque induced gingivitis referring to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry were evaluated. The indices evaluated in this study were plaque index (Silness and Loe), gingival index (Loe and Silness), bleeding on probing index (Ainamo and Bay) and dental stain index (Lobene stain index). They were evaluated on the first day of using mouthwashes and two weeks later. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. One-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc, and paired t and Chi-square tests (α=0.05) were used as appropriate.

Results:
There was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of the mean values of plaque index, gingival index, BOP index, and stain index before the application of mouthwash. However, after mouthwash application, the mean values of indices were significantly different between the four groups. Aloe vera-green tea and chlorhexidine mouthwashes reduced plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing index significantly and there was no significant difference between these two mouthwashes (P>0.05). The effect of matrica mouthwash on plaque index and gingival index was significantly lower than aloe vera-green tea and chlorhexidine (P<0.05). The mean reduction in BOP index was not significantly different between the aloe vera-green tea, chlorhexidine, and matrica groups. Regarding dental stain index, both herbal mouthwashes caused significantly lower dental stain in comparison with chlorhexidine (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study show that aloe vera-green tea mouthwash may be an effective mouthwash owing to its antiplaque and anti-inflammatory properties and may be an ideal substitute for chlorhexidine.

Clinical Trial:
The clinical trial code: IR.MUI.REC.1395.3.573
Effects of PGPR (Pseudomonas sp.) and Ag-nanoparticles on Enzymatic Activity and Physiology of Cucumber
Authors: Nawaz Sehrish , Bano Asghari 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The present investigation aimed to evaluate the role of Plant Growth-
Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Ag-nanoparticles on two varieties (American variety, Poinsett
76 and Desi variety, Sialkot selection) of cucumber plants.

Methods:
Cucumber seeds prior to sowing, were inoculated with two strains of PGPR, Pseudomonas
putida (KX574857) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (KX574858) at the rate of 106 cells/ml. Agnanoparticles
(5ppm) were sprayed on the plant at early vegetative phase 27 d after sowing.

Results:
The proline, sugar, protein, phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents of
leaves of plants and the activities of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL), Superoxide Dismutase
(SOD) and Catalase (CAT) were determined from leaves of plants at early vegetative phase. After 3
months of seeds sowing, Ag-nanoparticles enhanced the length of root but decreased the length of
shoot and fresh weight of root and shoot as compared to control whereas, the leaf protein, proline,
phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, sugar and Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase
(PAL) activity of plants were increased significantly over control. Ag-nanoparticles also suppressed
the effect of PGPR for root, shoot length but augmented the protein and phenolics contents of
leaves of both the varieties.

Conclusion:
The combined treatment of Ag-nanoparticles and PGPR enhanced flavonoids content
of leaves and the activities of PAL, SOD and CAT in leaves of plants over control. Agnanoparticles
effectively increased the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL), Catalase (CAT) and
superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in leaves of both the varieties. Pseudomonas putida may be
used either alone or in combination with Ag-nanoparticles to enhance the antioxidant and defense
enzyme activities. Hence, the plant can tolerate the diseases and stresses in a much better way with
higher protein and phenolics content.