bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olecranon Osteotomy-Facilitated Elbow Release (OFER)
Authors: Edwards Scott G. , Darbandi Farhad 
Published: May 2018

Background:
The olecranon osteotomy-facilitated elbow release (OFER) is a safe and effective method for releasing severe posttraumatic elbow contractures. The OFER procedure is easier, faster, and relatively less invasive, and appears to offer superior outcomes, compared with more traditional techniques.

Description:
An olecranon osteotomy provides a trapdoor through which the surgeon will have circumferential access to the joint and will be able to address all intrinsic and extrinsic causes of contracture. Access from the posterior to the anterior compartment is achieved by detaching the origin of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and hinging the joint from medially to laterally, pivoting around the intact lateral collateral ligament. Once the olecranon and MCL are repaired, the elbow is stable enough for the patient to participate in intensive rehabilitation protocols.

Alternatives:
The first line of treatment for elbow contracture is physical therapy, focusing on range of motion and using modalities such as static-progressive and dynamic splinting protocols. In some select cases, there is also a role for manipulation under anesthesia. When nonoperative methods fail, elbow contractures may be treated surgically, using either open or arthroscopic techniques. Authors have described open release involving medial, lateral, and anterior approaches. The first outcome report of a posterior approach to treat elbow contractures has recently been published
1
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Rationale:
An open approach usually utilizes 1 or possibly 2 large incisions and involves invasive dissection through muscle and nerve mobilization. This may result in a postoperative hematoma and usually substantial pain, posing a challenge for rehabilitation. Arthroscopic techniques are less invasive, with potentially fewer complications, but are far more technically challenging. Also, most extrinsic and some intrinsic causes cannot be adequately addressed through the arthroscope. The outcomes of OFER have been found to be superior to those reported after either arthroscopic or more conventional open procedures. In addition, we believe that the OFER procedure is substantially faster and technically easier than either other open or arthroscopic releases, although we are not aware of any studies addressing this topic.
Demographic and Disease Patterns at a Primary Healthcare Setting
Authors: Khan Taimoor Akram , Farooq Anam , Farooq Amna , Nasir Muhammad , Khan Gohar , Khan Ali Akram 
Published: May 2018

The assessment of disease pattern and burden in a defined population based on the symptomatology as well as the organic presentation is quite fruitful.Objectives: This study was designed to determine demographic characteristics and disease patterns related to different organ systems presenting at first tier of primary healthcare system. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using Basic Health Unit’s (BHU) Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) database retrospectively in order to determine the age, gender and organ system wise distribution of various diseases. Secondary data was collected from standard OPD register in which all patients that presented in the outpatient department of the facility during a period of 6 months from 1st January, 2017 to 30th June, 2017 were included and no patient was excluded. Results: Out of total 2357 patients, 1024 (43.4%) were males and 1333 (56.6%) were females. Most of the patients 1057 (44.8%) belonged to the age group of 15-49 years whereas only 96 (4.1%) were less than one year old. About 2204 patients (93.5%) presented for the first time to the BHU and 153 patients (6.5%) were follow-up patients. Majority of patients 735 (31.2%) presented with symptoms of respiratory system. Certainsystems were more involved in females than males like musculoskeletal system (257 v/s 113), respiratory system (377 v/s 358) and especially the genitourinary system (50 v/s 5). Conclusions: Addressing and treating the diseases presenting at this basic level (BHU) can prove to be very useful in reducing patient load at the level of tertiary care and teaching hospitals.
Frequency of TEL-AML1 Fusion Gene in Patients of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Hameed Aisha , Khaliq Saba , Malik Hamid Saeed , Mohsin Shahida 
Published: May 2018

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignant tumor in children and forms a major fraction of childhood malignancies in the developed countries. Numerous chromosomal aberrations have been observed in ALL including translocations which result in the production of fusion genes (BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1, and MLL-AF4). These chromosomal rearrangements have great prognostic and therapeutic significance. Amongst these, TEL-AML1 fusion gene represents a subgroup of ALL cases, which are associated with many clinically important parameters of good prognosis. The objective of this study was to detect the frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene in ALL and its association with already established prognostic factors such as age, WBC count and FAB subtype. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with newly diagnosed ALL were studied and patients on chemotherapy and T-ALL were excluded. The data was analyzed by SPSS20 for prognostically important parameters such as age, sex, hemoglobin level, WBC profile, platelet count, FAB type and immunophenotype. RNA extraction was performed and RT-PCR procedure was conducted to detect TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene. Results: Out of 66 samples, frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene was detected in 5 subjects (7.6%). Almost all TEL-AML1 positive patients carried FAB ALL-L1, B-Lineage immunophenotype, mean hemoglobinlevel of 6g/dl and age from 3 to 5 years. All these features are related to good prognosis. Conclusion: To conclude, we reported 7.6% frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion gene, in our study subjects, which is different from that reported in western literature. If universally accepted, the identification of TELAML1 fusion gene in ALL, will improve risk stratification and will help in selection of appropriate therapeutic regimens.
Perception of Medical Students Regarding Educational Environment in a Public Sector Medical College: A Cross-Sectional Survey Using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) Questionnaire
Authors: Irum Shumaila , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Naumeri Fatima 
Published: May 2018

The primary success of educational environment heavily depends upon benefits to learners and this further facilitates the learning processing. The most commonly used tool, to measure it, is Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the perceptions of medical students in pre-clinical years about educational environment in a public sector medical college of Pakistan and to compare the DREEM scores with previous published scores. Material and Methods: The DREEM questionnaire was conducted on undergraduate medical students (n=300) of Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, during the month of June 2015. Results: Two eighty-six (n=286) of the 300 students (95.33%) completed the questionnaire. Analysisof these subjected indicated a total mean score of 113.68. Mean for students’ perception of learning was 26.65±10.235, mean for students’ perceptions of teachers was 26.63±10.177. On the other hands, the mean scores for students’ academic self-perception, students’ perception of the atmosphere, and students’ social self-perception were 17.17±6.73, 26.89±10.89, and 16.34±6.70, respectively. Conclusion: Although DREEM scores showed improvement from previously published scores of same medical college, it also highlighted the areas needing further improvement.
Faisal’s Technique to Closely Manage Volar Barton’s Fracture: A Pilot Study
Authors: Masood Faisal , Sah Ranjit Kumar , Sarfaraz Ahmad Humayun 
Published: May 2018

This study was conducted to establish the efficacy of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPCP) in management of volar Barton’s fracture by Faisal Technique. Methods: A total of 10 cases of volar Barton’s fracture fulfilling our inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in our study from August 2015 to August 2016. These cases, presented at our department, were managed with closed reduction under image intensifier by dorsiflexing the wrist and reducing the fragment by ligamentotaxis and percutaneous pinning in anti-glide fashion from dorsal proximal (intact cortex) aspect of distal radius and engaging the volar fragment aiming the subchondral cortex and were supplemented with short arm cast application in volar flexion. The outcome was evaluated using Pattee and Thompson functional criteria at 6 month. Also the percentage of union and time to union were evaluated. Results: The mean age of total ten patients was 29.8± 3.20 years (25-35 years). We achieved union in 100% of the patient at mean time of 8.20 ± 0.92 weeks (7-10 weeks). There were 20% (n=2) cases with excellentand 80% (n=8) cases with good outcome according to Pattee and Thompson criteria. We had two cases (20%) with pin-tract infection that were managed with dressing and oral antibiotics according to culture and sensitivity. There were no loss of reduction Conclusion: Our pilot study demonstrates good result with CRPCP (Faisal’s Technique) in volar Barton’s fracture and warrants further randomized control trial study to establish its efficacy in such cases.
Photosynthetic oxygenation for urine nitrification
Authors: Muys Maarten , Coppens Joeri , Boon Nico , Vlaeminck Siegfried E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Human urine accounts for only a fraction of the sewage volume, but it contains the majority of valuable nutrient load in wastewater. In this study, synthetic urine was nitrified in a closed photo-bioreactor through photosynthetic oxygenation by means of a consortium of microalgae and nitrifying bacteria. In situ production of oxygen by photosynthetic organisms has the potential to reduce the energy costs linked to conventional aeration. This energy-efficient strategy results in stable urine for further nutrient recovery, while part of the nutrients are biologically recovered in the form of valuable biomass. In this study, urine was nitrified for the first time without conventional aeration at a maximum photosynthetic oxygenation rate of 160 mg O2 gVSS−1 d−1 (VSS: volatile suspended solids). A maximum volumetric nitrification rate of 67 mg N L−1 d−1 was achieved on 12% diluted synthetic urine. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were situated between 44% and 83% at a removal rate of 24 mg COD gVSS−1 d−1. After 180 days, microscopic observations revealed that Scenedesmus sp. was the dominant microalga. Overall, photosynthetic oxygenation for urine nitrification is promising as a highly electricity efficient approach for further nutrient recovery.
Unfair Dismissal Law and Temporary Migrant Labour in Australia
Authors: Howe Joanna , Berg Laurie , Farbenblum Bassina 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIncreasing attention is being given to the exploitation of temporary migrant workers in Australia, in particular in relation to wage underpayments. But very little focus has been given to the ability of temporary migrant workers to access legal remedies under Australian employment law. This article examines whether temporary migrant workers are able to make and pursue a claim for unfair dismissal within the federal jurisdiction. As unfair dismissal law seeks to protect job security and provides an essential check on managerial prerogative, it is important that temporary migrant workers are able to access this legal avenue to protect them from arbitrary dismissal. We argue there are serious deficiencies in the application, coverage and content of federal unfair dismissal law in relation to temporary migrant workers in Australia.
Reasoning with the Foundations of Rules
Authors: Wallace Duncan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn PGA v The Queen, the High Court found that a legal rule ceased to exist well before many people thought it did. In Mabo v Queensland [No 2], the Court found that a legal rule came into existence well before many people thought it did. These conclusions are obviously different, and so are the reasons that led to them. But in both decisions the Court relied on the foundation of a legal rule to account for the rule's validity over time. In PGA, the rule was founded on another legal rule. In Mabo, the rule was founded on an historical fact. I explain how the Court reasoned with these foundations, and what this reasoning suggests about the nature of the common law in Australia.
Clinical Symptoms Used for Screening Diabetic Populations with Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Marlina Siti , Pramantara I Dewa Putu , Kusnanto Hari J. , Graber Mark Alan 
Published: May 2018

Background: The annual prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. With this growing concern, the identification of clinical symptoms in high risk populations, such as those with a family history of diabetes, is becoming increasingly important.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the use of clinical symptoms and history as a screening tool for diabetes mellitus (DM) in a population with a family history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Methods: The design of this research was a cross sectional study. The subjects of this study were a sample population with family history of T2DM living in Kasihan and Sewon District of Bantul Regency. Data were collected through interviews with questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, total cholesterol tests, triglycerides and fasting blood glucose tests. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. For screening purposes, validity was performed against risk factors with fasting blood glucose as a gold standard.Results: Prevalence of DM was 30.5%, and prediabetes 26.5%. Body Mass Index (BMI) prevalence =23 kg/m2 59.02%, hypertension 42.62%, physical inactivity 21.31%, and dyslipidemia 78.69%. Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss were significantly associated with T2DM. Birth history of weight =4 kg or Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) was a risk factor associated with T2DM incidence (p = 0.018; OR: 1.93; CI 95%: 1.12-3.34). The sensitivity of a combination of several factors, birth history of baby =4 kg or GDM with dyslipidemia (sensitivity 87.3% specificity 40.9%), birth history of weight =4 kg or GDM with dyslipidemia and hypertension (sensitivity 94.7% specificity 26.7%), combination of the five factors studied (sensitivity 92.3% specificity 50%). Combination of birth history of heavy baby =4kg or GDM and BMI = 23 kg/m2 and hypertension had a likelihood ratio of 9.Conclusions: This study determined the prevalence of T2DM in populations with a family history of diabetes is high, with birth history of weight = 4 kg or GDM as a factor associated with T2DM, and other clinical symptoms having a fairly high prevalence. Therefore, a comprehensive lifestyle change needs to be done.
Twenty-Five-Year Overview of Experimental Auditing Research: Trends and Links to Audit Quality
Authors: Simnett Roger , Trotman Ken T. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
We examine 468 experimental auditing research papers that were published in ten leading accounting and auditing journals from 1991–2015 to address three key issues. First, we consider the trends in experimental auditing research and find that while the total number of papers published in the leading journals has expanded, the percentage of experimental auditing papers has decreased substantially. Second, in order to support evidence-based standard-setting and regulation, and to identify the audit quality issues that have been addressed, we map this research to the IAASB Framework for Audit Quality. We find that the majority of studies have concentrated on the processing stage of the Framework and at both the engagement and firm levels. Third, breaking our period of study into five five-year blocks, we observe a significant evolution in experimental research over the 25 years of our study, as evidenced by trends in the topics examined, types of participants used, and data collection approaches used.
The Economic and Sharia Value of Moslem’s Awareness for Halal Food in Indonesia
Authors: Susilowati Indah , Edy Riyanto Edy , Kirana Mayanggita , Mafruhah Izza , Radam Alias 
Published: May 2018

The concept of halal products or foods is now gaining a worldwide discussion due to its recognition as an alternative benchmark for safety, hygiene and quality assurance of what we consume or drink daily. For a moslem consumer, halal foods and drinks means that the products has met the requirements laid down by the Shariah law. It represents the symbol of hygiene, quality and safety product when produced strictly under the Holistic Halal Assurance Management System. It is expected with halal certification to ensure the halal of food consumed by moslem in Indonesia could increase the sharia and economic values for the moslem in Indonesia. Indonesia is a huge market for halal product, and has just legalized regulation on halal product guarantee. The recent dynamics urge the importance of knowledge of consumer’s behavior on halal product. This study is aimed to explore an economic and sharia values of moslem awareness in Indonesia with a pilot project in Semarang City. The standard of halal used are defined from the points of: (1) input or material come from; (2) how to get the input; (3) how to process the input; (4) how to store the input; (5) how to transportage the input; and (6) how to package and serve the input. Mixed-method of quantitative and qualitative had been invoked to analyse the data.The results indicated that the level of awarness for consuming the halal food are vary among the moslem community by her/ his income- and sharia-stratum as perceived by them. It is hardly difficult to aware people of A-B-G-C accordingly for halal food in such high intense of diversity in community in short-term. Of course, a lot of efforts and strong committment among the stakeholders is indeed needed to ensure the halal food consumed by moslem in Indonesia.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Eğitim Kurumlarında Laikleşme Süreci ve Ahlâk Eğitimine Dair Tartışmalar
Authors: KANBOLAT Erkan 
Published: May 2018

Cumhuriyet döneminde 1924 yılında Tevhid-i Tedrisat Kanunu’yla başlayan
eğitimde lâikleşme süreci 1929-1931
yılları arasında kademeli olarak okullarda
din derslerinin müfredat programlarından çıkartılmasıyla tamamlanmıştır.
Lâiklik ve din derslerine dair tartışmalar 1920’lerin sonunda ortadan kalkmış,
ancak devam eden yıllarda bu sefer ahlâk
eğitimine dair eleştiriler gündemdeki yerini korumuştur. Bu eleştirilere cevap
olarak 1940’lı yıllarda ahlâk eğitimine dair bazı somut adımlar atılmaya
başlanmış, 1949 yılında ise din dersleri yeniden müfredata konulmuştur.
E-PELAYANAN KONSULTASI KESEHATAN PEDULI REMAJA PADA PUSKESMAS BEKASI
Authors: Purwanto Heru , Dalis Sopiyan 
Published: May 2018

Aktivitas dengan intesitas yang tinggi memberikan keterbatasan dalam membagi waktu dan kesempatan untuk berkumpul dan bercerita bersama keluarga. Pemanfaatan internet memberikan kesempatan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang terkini dimanapun dan kapanpun, salah satunya ialah kegiatan konsultasi kesehatan khususnya bagi remaja. Ini merupakan peluang sebagai kesempatan untuk menjembatani adanya komunikasi yang dapat dilakukan secara online. Dengan mensinergikan Program Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli Remaja (PKPR) melalui sistem informasi konsultasi berbasis web secara online menjadi wadah informasi bagi remaja dalam pelayanan seputar konseling kesehatan dan pendidikan ketrampilan hidup sehat yang disampaikan dengan cara menyenangkan serta tetap menghargai dan menjaga kerahasian user.Metode Waterfall digunakan untuk perancangan sistem aplikasi online. Teknis perancangan sistem dengan menggunakan UseCase Diagram dan Activity Diagram serta Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD).Aplikasi MySql Server, Webserver digunakan untuk mendukung pembuatan Basis Data. Potensi pengembangan penyuluhan dan konsultasi menjadi acuan untuk analisis berikutnya dengan menggunakan metode Critical Succes Factor (CSF) dalam mendukung pemetaan strategi yang lebih efektif dan efisien. Metode pendekatan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) melalui operasional, analitik dan collaborative menjadi tolak ukur dalam pembuatan situs E-Pelayanan agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan dalam mendapatkan hubungan yang baik dengan Anggota. Hasil dari penelitian ini, dapat memberikan masukan dan manfaat, khususnya pada kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan dan penyuluhan remaja (PKPR) di puskesmas wilayah Bekasi dan sekitarnya. Pengujian T test dengan Uji statistik t hit (n<30) , α=0.05 dilakukan Untuk mengukur efektivitas pengaruh aplikasi sistem konsultasi kesehatan berbasis web, dimana hasilnya adalah t hit = 3.08 > t 0,05;25 = 2,060 menunjukan ada pengaruh anggota untuk dapat meningkatkan cara hidup sehat melalui informasi konsultasi kesehatan berbasis web. Kata kunci: konsultasi, e-pelayanan, CRM, ERD, waterfall, CSF.
PENYUSUNAN PAPAN JAWABAN TEKA-TEKI SILANG MENGGUNAKAN BACKTRACKING
Authors: Wijaya Novan 
Published: May 2018

Teka-teki silang merupakan permainan klasik sederhana yang sudah umum dimainkan masyarakat awam. Teka-teki silang dapat dimainkan menggunakan media cetak bahkan media online. Untuk membuatnya secara manual tentu diperlukan ketelitian, dan waktu yang lama karena designer harus memikirkan tiap huruf yang terkait antara data yang satu dengan data yang lainnya. Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial Intellegence) diperlukan untuk menangani permasalahan ini. Algoritma backtracking dipilih untuk memecahkan permasalahan ini karena algoritma ini menghasilkan satu solusi akhir dalam proses pencarian solusi, designer hanya perlu mencari file data pertanyaan dan jawaban yang terlebih dahulu dimasukkan kedalam file “xls” dan sistem akan meng-generate data yang ada sehingga terbentuk papan teka-teki silang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma backtracking dapat digunakan untuk membentuk papan teka-teki silang setelah dilakukan pengujian 20 data dengan 19 data berhasil dibentuk dan 1 data tidak berhasil dibentuk. Kata kunci: teka-teki silang, algortima backtracking, kecerdasan buatan.
ANALISIS DAN IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PERAMALAN BERBASIS ALGORITMA MOVING AVARAGE UNTUK NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH TERHADAP DOLAR
Authors: Ryan First , Wijanarto Wijanarto 
Published: May 2018

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kuatnya ekonomi suatu negara adalah nilai tukar mata uang (kurs). Pada beberapa kasus yang terjadi di negara maju seperti Eropa atau Amerika, nilai tukar mata uang merupakan bagian yang sangat vital, hingga berpengaruh menghambat perdagangan internasional. Tidak terkecuali di Indonesia, yang menganut sistem pasar penuh/bebas (free floating system) dimana nilai tukar rupiah terhadap mata uang asing khususnya dolar (USD) ditentukan oleh pasar mekanisme global. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam menguatkan nilai tukar rupiah perlu dilakukan mengingat dalam 10 tahun terakhir mengalami kemunduran dari titik 9.087 di tahun 2010 menuju titik 11.900 di awal tahun 2015, sehingga kedepan perlu dilakukan perencanaan fiskal yang fokus, teliti dan tepat. Paper ini berusaha mengimplementasikan model regresi linier berbasis algoritma moving average yang didasarkan pada variasi musiman (seasonal movement) yang didekomposisikan untuk nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar dalam bentuk aplikasi. Analisis dan visualisasi model dilakukan dengan bahasa pemrograman R, sementara aplikasi dibangun berbasis web dengan php. Data historis diperoleh dari situs Bank Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 2011 - 2017. Berdasarkan analisa dan hasil penelitian terhadap model yang diimplementasikan, didapatkan pengukuran tingkat akurasi dengan RMSE, MAE dan MAPE diperoleh masing-masing sebesar 114.0173, 57.69148 dan 0.64766, dari ketiga hasil evaluasi menunjukan bahwa mempunyai sedikit selisih antara data asli dengan hasil peramalannya. Sementara aplikasi dapat berjalan sempurna dan menghasilkan komputasi peramalan yang sesuai dengan model yang dipilih.Kata kunci: analisis, peramalan, model, moving average.