bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of fractal analysis in dental images: a systematic review
Authors: Kato Camila NAO , Barra Sâmila G , Tavares Núbia PK , Amaral Tânia MP , Brasileiro Cláudia B , Mesquita Ricardo A , Abreu Lucas G 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: This study reviewed the use of fractal analysis (FA) in dental images. Methods: A search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. The inclusion criteria were human studies in the English language, with no date restriction. Results: 78 articles were found in which FA was applied to panoramic radiographs (34), periapical radiographs (21), bitewing radiographs (4), cephalometric radiograph (1), cone beam CT (15), micro-CT (3), sialography (2), and ultrasound (2). Low bone mineral density (21) and systemic or local diseases (22) around the bone of dental implants were the main subjects of the study of FA. Various sizes and sites of the regions of interest were used to evaluate the bone structure. Different ways were used to treat the image and to calculate FA. FA of 43 articles showed significant differences in the comparison of groups, mainly between healthy and sick patients. Conclusions: FA in Dentistry has been widely applied to the study of images. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were those most frequently used. The Image J software and the box-counting method were extensively adopted in the studies reviewed herein. Further studies are encouraged to improve clarification of the parameters that directly influence FA.
INTEGRATIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS WITH DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS – A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Patel Gokulananda 
Published: August 2019

The scope of AHP (the analytic hierarchy process) and DEA (data envelopment analysis) is widened when there is an integration of AHP and DEA to DEAHP as the same finds a lot of application areas because of its boundless flexibility and varied applicability. Furthermore, the scope, flexibility and applicability are increased manifold when DEAHP is integrated with other approaches and methods. This paper reviews the literature of the journal articles which have fond its integration with DEAHP. On the basis of a defined search criterion, related articles appearing in the international journals from 2000 to 2018 are collected and analysed so that the following five questions can be answered: (1) Which of approach of integrated-DEAHP was mostly prevalent and got the utmost attention? (2) Which of the areas of application were often studied mostly and have found their application with integrated DEAHP approaches? (3) Which of the specific problems were most frequently applied to integrated DEAHP approaches? (4) What are the publications trends for the papers considering the integrated DEAHP approaches? and (5) Which of the journals of international standards published how many numbers of journal articles and among them which have the highest number of papers on the approach of integrated DEAHP? This literature review gives evidence that the integrated DEAHPs have better hold in tackling the inadequacy the stand-alone DEAHPs. This article allows the researcher to think upon new application areas and specific problem areas where integrated DEAHP approach could be applied to effectively and efficiently. The novelty of this paper lies in the fact that it is the one of a kind paper of literature review which takes on the approach of integrated DEAHP along with stand-alone DEAHP.

Keywords: Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis-Analytic Hierarchy Process; AHP; DEA; DEAHP; Literature Review
Effects of treadmill training on the balance, functional capacity and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Arfa-Fatollahkhani Paria , Safar Cherati Afsaneh , Habibi Seyed Amir Hasan , Shahidi Gholam Ali , Sohrabi Ahmad , Zamani Babak 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
There is growing evidence that exercise modalities have considerable effects on Parkinson’s disease (PD). This trial aimed to provide a more detailed viewpoint of short-term and long-term treadmill training (TT) effects on some motor and non-motor features of PD.

Methods
In this prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical trial, 20 mild to moderate PD patients, admitted in Rasoul-e-Akram hospital in Tehran, Iran, were randomly allocated in case (11) and control (9) groups. Treadmill intervention was performed at moderate intensity with 60% of heart rate reserved (HRR) in two 30-min sessions/week for a duration of 10 weeks. Both the groups were evaluated for three times; at the baseline, 2 months later and then 2 months after the second evaluation. We assigned the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), 6-min walk test (6MW), and the SF-8 healthy questionnaire, for assessment of balance, functional capacity, and Quality of life (QoL), respectively.

Results
Balance and functional capacity were significantly improved in the case group after the intervention (TUG p-value: 0.003, 6MW p-value: 0.003). Moreover, the long-term analysis revealed significant results as well (TUG p-value: 0.001, 6MW p-value: 0.004). Mental condition’s scores of SF-8 in cases were not statistically different in short-term follow-up (F/U). However, analysis illustrated p-value: 0.016 for long-term assessment. The intervention induced significant changes in physical condition’s scores in both of the F/Us (PC p-value: 0.013).

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that a TT of mild to moderate intensity has significant and persistent benefits for the balance, functional capacity, and QoL in PD.
Female Arthurians in Scandinavia: Eufemia, Christina and the Modern Female Scholar
Authors: Lodén Sofia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article traces the line between the medieval female reader of Arthurian romance in Scandinavia and the female scholar of today. It draws attention to a number of female patrons and readers of Arthuriana in the Middle Ages, as well as to Queen Christina of Sweden in the seventeenth century. It also discusses the contribution of Scandinavian women to the scholarly field of Arthurian literary study.
Subtitling’s cross-cultural expressivity put to the test: A cross-sectional study of linguistic and cultural representation across Romance and Germanic languages
Authors: Guillot Marie-Noëlle 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on linguistic and cultural representation in AVT as a medium of intercultural literacy. It has two objectives: it puts to the test increasingly accepted assumptions about AVT modalities’ distinctive meaning potential and expressive capacity, with a case study of communicative practices in their representation, via AVT, in subtitles across Romance and Germanic languages. The second objective is to make a start on a neglected question to date, by considering, concurrently, the respective potential for representation of different types of languages, Indo-European in the first instance, in different pair configurations.
The study applies to (Romance) French, Italian, Spanish and (Germanic) English and German and uses a cross-cultural pragmatics framework to explore representation, per se and comparatively across the languages represented in the main data, Lonnergan’s 2016 feature film Manchester by the Sea. Data is approached qualitatively from a target text end in the first instance and primarily, in a subset of scenes from across the film. Quantitative analysis is used complementarily for diagnostic purposes or as a complementary source of evidence, with initial focus on types of features identified in earlier studies as a locus of stylised representation in subtitling with evidence of distinctive pragmatic indexing (e.g. pronominal address, greetings, thanking).
The study is a pilot study and is exploratory at this stage, but part of a broader endeavour to inform debates about, and build up the picture of, AVT as cross-cultural mediation and, ultimately, promote our understanding of films in translation’s societal impact.
Subtitles and cinematic meaning-making: Interlingual subtitles as textual agents
Authors: Messerli Thomas C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis theoretical paper adopts the point of view of the audience of subtitled films and outlines a theory of subtitles as communicative agents within the participation structures of film reception. Based on examples from three Swiss fiction films –Heidi(2015), Heimatland(2015) andDer Goalie bin ig(2014) – the following communicative effects are found and illustrated: uniformity, authorisation, foregrounding, aestheticisation, foreignisation. These effects are conceptualised in terms of Constitutive Communication theory and textual agency (Cooren. 2004. Textual agency: How texts do things in organizational settings.Organization11(3). 373–393. doi:10.1177/1350508404041998), which describe that by communicating with audiences, subtitles animate into being other participants in film discourse and contribute to what viewers take away in terms of characters, stories, the cultural aspects they represent and the source culture(s) from which the text is perceived to communicate.
(Dis)aligning across different linguacultures: Pragmatic questions from original to dubbed film dialogue
Authors: Ghia Elisa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn original and dubbed film dialogue, direct questions are a means to depict interpersonal relationships on screen. In particular, pragmatic questions (i.e. non-questioning, rhetorical interrogatives) are frequently employed to mark alignment among interactants, in the form of affiliative and disaffiliative interrogatives, respectively expressing positive and negative stance. Based on the exploration of thePavia Corpus of Film Dialogue, the current study aims at investigating the ways in which affiliative and disaffiliative questions are constructed in original English filmic speech and in Italian dubbing. The two dialogue types show rather high similarity in the distribution of pragmatic questions – with a notable prevalence of disaffiliative interrogatives carrying conflict-initiating role. However, different strategies are privileged in the two languages for the linguistic construction of stance. The English source text does not rely on a single and specific pattern to signal affiliation, while it marks disaffiliation through inserts, emotionally-loaded chunks and non-canonical word order in the interrogative. Conversely, dubbed Italian frequently draws on weak connectors to express disalignment and prefers different types of syntactically marked structures in the construction of affiliation. Findings thus suggest a certain degree of autonomy for dubbed dialogue in the selection of specific linguistic markers to transfer and re-portray interpersonal relationships in the target linguaculture.
Transfer of chemical elements from milk to dairy products
Authors: Sorbo Angela , Ciprotti Maria , Giordano Rosa , Orlandini Silvia , Di Gregorio Marco , Ciaralli Laura 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the transfer of As, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr and Hg from milk to dairy products and to correlate their behavior with that of some components and macro-elements of milk. Due to the low level of these chemical elements in most common commercial products, hard cheese was produced starting from cow’s milk spiked with the analytes of interest. Several intermediate and final products coming from cheese making were sampled and analysed for content of fat, dry matter, proteins, macro and oligo-elements. The relationship between spiked elements and milk components was evaluated through both the study of concentration factors and the statistical analysis (Principal Component Analysis and correlation matrix). Except for As and Hg, a clear correlation between spiked elements and milk components was found so a likely bond with proteins, fat and dry matter was demonstrated. As for Pb, for which a legal limit (Maximum Level, ML) is set in the pertinent European regulations, it was found that the link with proteins could lead to an increase of this element concentration different from the mere concentration factor from milk to cheese. Furthermore, it was proven that the stage of ripening affected the variation of Pb concentration so this aspect should be deeply considered in case of setting a ML in cheese or extrapolating a ML from milk to cheese.
Makroökonomische Erwartungen und ihre Rolle in wirtschaftlichen Entscheidungen von Haushalten
Authors: Roth Christopher , Wohlfart Johannes 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungErwartungen über die Inflation, Immobilienpreise oder das Wirtschaftswachstum sind von zentraler Bedeutung in Modellen des Konsum- und Finanzverhaltens. Sie spielen zudem eine wichtige Rolle in den Transmissionsmechanismen der Geld- und Fiskalpolitik. Die empirische Evidenz zur Erwartungsbildung und zum kausalen Effekt von makroökonomischen Erwartungen im wirtschaftlichen Handeln von Haushalten ist jedoch noch immer begrenzt. Christopher Roth und Johannes Wohlfart legen den aktuellen Stand der empirischen Forschung zu diesen Themen dar, erörtern offene Forschungsfragen sowie die Implikationen der Forschungsergebnisse für die Geld- und Fiskalpolitik.
Exploring Differences in Excited-State Properties of Styryl-BODIPY Chromophores upon Change from α- to β-Substitution
Authors: Scholz Mirko , Hoffmann Caroline , Klein Johannes R. , Wirtz Marcel , Jung Gregor , Oum Kawon 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We present a femtosecond pump-probe UV-Vis broadband transient absorption spectroscopy study of two styryl-substituted BODIPY chromophores with different position of the substituent. The α-substituted isomer shows typical BODIPY-type spectral features, such as sharp absorption and emission bands, a small Stokes shift and an excited-state lifetime in the 4 ns range, which only weakly depends on the solvent. In contrast, β-styryl-BODIPY features much broader steady-state absorption and emission spectra and a larger Stokes shift, particularly in polar solvents. Transient absorption spectroscopy including a complete global kinetic analysis reports a substantial decrease in S1 lifetime to 300 ps for polar solvents upon change from α- to β-substitution. In the case of the α-isomer, TD-DFT calculations identify a typical “cyanine-type” electron rearrangement upon S0 → S1 excitation accompanied by a slight reduction in dipole moment. In contrast, the same transition in the β-isomer shows strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character involving a substantial increase in dipole moment. Assuming a simple energy-gap-law argument, the accelerated nonradiative decay of the β-isomer in polar solvents may be linked to the decrease of the S1(ICT)-S0 energy difference. BODIPY dyes with a conjugated substituent in β-position therefore suffer a substantial loss in fluorescence brightness in polar environments compared with their α-substituted counterparts. This might limit their applicability in fluorescence imaging.
Long-Lasting Input-Specific Experience-Dependent Changes of Hippocampus Synaptic Function Measured in the Anesthetized Rat
Authors: Levy Eliott R. J. , O’Reilly Kally C. , Fenton André A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHow experience causes long-lasting changes in the brain is a central question in neuroscience. The common view is that synaptic function is altered by experience to change brain circuit functions that underlie conditioned behavior. We examined hippocampus synaptic circuit functionin vivo,in three groups of animals, to assess the impact of experience on hippocampus function in rats. The “conditioned” group acquired a shock-conditioned place response during a cognitively-challenging, hippocampus synaptic plasticity-dependent task. The no-shock group had similar exposure to the environmental conditions but no conditioning. The home-cage group was experimentally naive. After the one-week retention test, under anesthesia, we stimulated the perforant path inputs to CA1, which terminate in stratum lacunosum moleculare (slm), and to the dentate gyrus (DG), which terminate in the molecular layer. We find synaptic compartment specific changes that differ amongst the groups. The evoked field EPSP (fEPSP) and pre-spike field response are enhanced only at the DG input layer and only in conditioned animals. The DG responses, measured by the population spiking activity and post-spike responses, are enhanced in both the conditioned and no-shock groups compared to home-cage animals. These changes are pathway specific because no differences are observed in slm of CA1. These findings demonstrate long-term, experience-dependent, pathway-specific alterations to synaptic circuit function of the hippocampus.
The anthropological assessment of the Late Roman cemetery at somogyszil-Dögkúti dűlő
Authors: Évinger Sándor , Bernert Zsolt 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe results of a general anthropological examination of 140 individuals from a late Roman period cemetery at Somogyszil-Dögkút site are presented in this paper. The population had a more or less balanced sex ratio, lived a fundamentally peaceful life suggested by the low frequencey of bone injuries, and according to their morphoscopic traits, they all belonged to the Caucasoid group. Based on the biological distances calculated from selected linear measurements of male crania, the population of Somogyszil-Dögkút proved to be quite similar to several other late Roman period cemeteries in Transdanubia, as well as to some local Avar period series. This raises the possibility of a significant local continuity between the late Roman and late Avar period on this territory, however other potential explanations cannot be ruled out. Some anthropological characteristics of the human skeletal material unearthed from graves oriented differently than the cemetery's norm suggest the presence of immigrants in the community. Their biological background cannot be traced from the present data, however a few skeletal evidence proposes the probability of a Sarmatian origin.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Pengalaman untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa
Authors: Ridwan Irwan Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian eksperimen semu tentang penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep materi pokok kalor siswa SMP. Sampel penelitian ini siswa kelas tujuh di salah satu SMP di Tasikmalaya dengan desain penelitian Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Desig. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi tes pemahaman konsep yang mencakup aspek translasi, interpretasi, dan ekstrapolasi, angket tanggapan siswa. Kelompok eksperimen menerima model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman sedangkan kelas kontrol menerima pembelajaran konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemahaman konsep siswa meningkat dengan kategori sedang dengan rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi 0,52 untuk kelas eksperimen sedangkan kelas kontrol mengalami peningkatan kategori sedang dengan rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi 0,41. Hasil uji statistik (Uji-t) menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Siswa memberikan tanggapan positif terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman dengan nilai sebesar 93%.
REDESAIN LEMBAR AKTIVITAS MAHASISWA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS KESULITAN MAHASISWA PADA KONSEP RANGKAIAN LISTRIK ARUS SEARAH PADA PERKULIAHAN FISIKA DASAR
Authors: Saepuzaman Duden 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada redesain Lembar Aktivitas Mahasiswa (LAM) pada materi rangkaian listrik arus searah di perkuliahan Fisika Dasar. Redesain yang dimaksud adalah mendesain kembali LAM yang sudah diimplementasikan berdasarkan analisis kesulitan konseptual mahasiswa. Data kesulitan mahasiswa dianalisis dari lembar jawaban mahasiswa pada saat tes tertulis. Selain didasarkan pada upaya peningkatan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa, penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan LAM yang standar yang bisa digunakan dalam perkuliahan Fisika Dasar khususnya untuk materi rangkaian listrik arus searah. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesulitan mahasiswa sebagai dasar redesain LAM. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa prodi pendidikan Fisika semester III tahun akademik (TA) 2014/2015 sebanyak 41 mahasiswa dan mahasiswa TA 2015/2016 sebanyak 43. Instumen tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian berbentuk multiple choice yang diadaptasi dari Determining and Interpreting Resistive Electric Circuits Concepts Test Version 1.0 (DIRECT). Analisis jawaban mahasiswa TA 2014/2015 pada tes tertulis menunjukkan beberapa kesulitan konseptual mahasiswa sebagai berikut. Pertama, mengidentifikasi pengaruh besarnya hambatan (penambahan atau pengurangan hambatan) terhadap arus yang mengalir dalam rangkaian gabungan (seri-paralel) dan pada komponen listrik (lampu). Kedua, mengidentifikasi pengaruh penambahan hambatan yang dipasang seri terhadap arus dan tegangan atau nyala lampu. Ketiga,mengidentifikasi pengaruh penambahan hambatan yang diapasang paralel terhadap arus tegangan dan hambatan total. Keempat, membandingkan kuat arus yang melalui resistor (atau suatu titik dalam rangkaian) yang disusun paralel. Temuan ini menjadi dasar meredesain LAM. LAM yang sudah diredesain diujicoba kembali pada mahasiswa TA 2015/2016. Hasil dari implementasi redesain ini menunjukkan ada pengurangan kesulitan mahasiswa pada konsep rangkaian listrik arus searah.
Assessing the Sensitivity and Accuracy of the MyShake Smartphone Seismic Network to Detect and Characterize Earthquakes
Authors: Kong Qingkai , Patel Sarina , Inbal Asaf , Allen Richard M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMyShake harnesses private and personal smartphones to build a global seismic network. It uses the accelerometers embedded in all smartphones to record ground motions induced by earthquakes, returning recorded waveforms to a central repository for analysis and research. A demonstration of the power of citizen science, MyShake expanded to six continents within days of being launched and has recorded 757 earthquakes in the first 2 yr of operation. The data recorded by MyShake phones have the potential to be used in scientific applications, thereby complementing current seismic networks. In this article, we (1) report the capabilities of smartphone sensors to detect earthquakes by analyzing the earthquake waveforms collected by MyShake; (2) determine the maximum epicentral distance at which MyShake phones can detect earthquakes as a function of magnitude; and (3) then determine the capabilities of the MyShake network to estimate the location, origin time, depth, and magnitude of earthquakes. In the case of earthquakes for which MyShake has provided four or more phases (P‐ or S‐wave signals) and an azimuthal gap <180° (21 events), the median (± standard deviations) of the location, origin time, and depth errors are 2.7 (±2.8) km, 0.2 (±1.2) s, and 0.1 (±4.9) km, respectively, relative to the U.S. Geological Survey global catalog locations. Magnitudes are also estimated and have a mean error of 0.0 and standard deviation of 0.2. These preliminary results suggest that MyShake could provide basic earthquake catalog information in regions that currently have no traditional networks. With an expanding MyShake network, we expect the event detection capabilities to improve and provide useful data on seismicity and hazards.