bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-thermal plasma treatment improves chicken sperm motility via the regulation of demethylation levels
Authors: Zhang Jiao Jiao , Do Huynh Luong , Chandimali Nisansala , Lee Sang Baek , Mok Young Sun , Kim Nameun , Kim Seong Bong , Kwon Taeho , Jeong Dong Kee 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe quality of avian semen is an important economic trait in poultry production. The present study examines thein vitroeffects of non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma on chicken sperm to determine the plasma conditions that can produce the optimum sperm quality. Exposure to 11.7 kV of plasma for 20 s is found to produce maximum sperm motility by controlling the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species and boosting the release of adenosine triphosphate and respiratory enzyme activity in the mitochondria. However, prolonged exposure or further increase in plasma potential impairs the sperm quality in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Optimal plasma treatment of sperm results in upregulated mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant defense-related and energetic metabolism-related genes by increasing their demethylation levels. However, 27.6 kV of plasma exerts significant adverse effects. Thus, our findings indicate that appropriate plasma exposure conditions improve chicken sperm motility by regulating demethylation levels of genes involved in antioxidant defense and energetic metabolism.
The effects of the China–Russia gas deal on energy consumption, carbon emission, and particulate matter pollution in China
Authors: Lu Chenxi , Venevsky Sergey , Cao Shixiong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAfter more than two decades of negotiation, the China–Russia gas deal represents a new era of energy cooperation between China and Russia. In total, this is a win–win deal for both sides. For China, the deal will decrease energy consumption and carbon emission but will not significantly influence air quality; for Russia, it will provide a new market for its gas resources. In this study, we calculated the energy consumption, carbon emission, and particulate matter pollution (PM2.5 and PM10) in China in 2020, 2030, 2040, and 2050 under four IPCC representative concentration pathways (RCPs 8.5, 6.0, 4.5, and 2.6). We found that energy consumption and carbon emission decreased under the gas deal in RCPs 8.5, 6.0, and 4.5, although the rate of decrease slowed over time; however, in RCP 2.6, the rate of decrease of energy consumption and emission increased over time. PM2.5 and PM10 emission showed similar trends but with increasing rate, although the gas deal would mitigate air pollution in the short term. Although China’s government hopes to reduce carbon and pollutant emission under the deal, our results suggest that additional mitigation measures will be necessary to achieve this goal. Nonetheless, the reduction in carbon emission suggests that the China–Russia gas deal provides a model that other countries can follow to slow climate change.
New particle formation leads to cloud dimming
Authors: Sullivan Ryan C. , Crippa Paola , Matsui Hitoshi , Leung L. Ruby , Zhao Chun , Thota Abhinav , Pryor Sara C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNew particle formation (NPF), nucleation of condensable vapors to the solid or liquid phase, contributes significantly to atmospheric aerosol particle number concentrations. With sufficient growth, these nucleated particles may be a significant source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), thus altering cloud albedo, structure, and lifetimes, and insolation reaching the Earth’s surface. Herein we present one of the first numerical experiments conducted at sufficiently high resolution and fidelity to quantify the impact of NPF on cloud radiative properties. Consistent with observations in spring over the Midwestern USA, NPF occurs frequently and on regional scales. However, NPF is not associated with enhancement of regional cloud albedo. These simulations indicate that NPF reduces ambient sulfuric acid concentrations sufficiently to inhibit growth of preexisting particles to CCN sizes, reduces CCN-sized particle concentrations, and reduces cloud albedo. The reduction in cloud albedo on NPF days results in a domain average positive top of atmosphere cloud radiative forcing, and thus warming, of 10 W m−2 and up to ~50 W m−2 in individual grid cells relative to a simulation in which NPF is excluded.
The influences of El Nino and Arctic sea-ice on the QBO disruption in February 2016
Authors: Hirota N. , Shiogama H. , Akiyoshi H. , Ogura T. , Takahashi M. , Kawatani Y. , Kimoto M. , Mori M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The westerly phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) was unexpectedly disrupted by an anomalous easterly near 40 hPa (~23 km) in February 2016. At the same time, a very strong El Nino and a very low Arctic sea-ice concentration in the Barents and Kara Sea were present. Previous studies have shown that the disruption of the QBO was primarily caused by the momentum transport of the atmospheric waves in the Northern Hemisphere. Our results indicate that the tropical waves evident over the Atlantic, Africa, and the western Pacific were associated with extratropical disturbances. Moreover, we suggest that the El Nino and sea-ice anomalies in 2016 account for approximately half of the disturbances and waves based on multiple regression analysis of the observational/reanalysis data and large-ensemble experiments using an atmospheric global climate model.
Clinical Implications for Working With Nonmainstream Dialect Speakers: A Focus on Two Filipino Kindergartners
Authors: Hamilton Megan-Brette , Angulo-Jiménez Henry , Taylo Christine , DeThorne Laura S. 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this clinical focus piece is to increase familiarity with Philippine English (PE) and highlight clinical implications for working with nonmainstream dialect speakers.MethodThe clinical focus draws on descriptive case study data from 2 Filipino kindergarten boys who live in the United States. Multiple ethnographic data sources were subjected to contrastive analyses regarding nonmainstream features in the children's speech that might be consistent with PE.ResultsThe 2 boys demonstrated grammatical and phonological features consistent with their home dialect, PE, and individualized variation relative to one another. We utilize these findings to illustrate 2 key implications for providing culturally competent clinical services when working with nonmainstream dialect speakers: (a) validate and support all Mainstream American English Learners in the classroom and (b) recognize that variance within a dialect is not always indicative of disorder. Explicit recommendations for clinical practice are provided.ConclusionUnderstanding and validating the diversity of nonmainstream dialect speakers within the U.S. schools are critical to providing culturally competent speech-language services.
185–220 GHz wideband amplifier in 40 nm CMOS
Authors: Liu Yibo , Mao Luhong , Chi Baoyong 
Published: May 2018

A 185–220 GHz four‐stage differential wideband amplifier is presented. The bandwidth (BW) is significantly expended by using the coupled transmission line (CTL) technique and the staggered inter‐stage wideband matching technique. CTL is adopted due to its high self‐resonant frequency, high simulation accuracy, compact layout and wide BW characteristics. The amplifier achieves a peak gain of 10.1 and 3 dB BW of 35 GHz ranging from 185 to 220 GHz. With a supply voltage of 0.9 V, the amplifier consumes a DC power of 54.5 mW. The amplifier occupies a core area of 500 × 250 μm2 in 40 nm CMOS.
Stabile koronare Herzkrankheit, akutes Koronarsyndrom und Vorhofflimmern
Authors: Leschke Matthias 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungInsbesondere Patienten mit einem akuten Koronarsyndrom, die eine stärkere Plättchenaktivität mit anhaltend hoher Thrombinaktivität aufweisen, profitieren von
einer verlängerten dualen Antiplättchentherapie (DAPT), wenn das Blutungsrisiko gering ist und zusätzliche ischämische Risikofaktoren, wie ein Diabetes
mellitus, ein weiteres Myokardinfarktereignis, eine koronare Mehrgefäßerkrankung oder eine Niereninsuffizienz vorliegen. Der klinische Stellenwert spezieller
Score-Systeme zur Differenzierung von Patienten, die von einer DAPT profitieren, ist derzeit unklar, da prospektive Daten bisher nicht vorliegen. Obwohl die
aktuellen Leitlinien zur DAPT bei Vorhofflimmern und koronarer Stentimplantation eine Triple-Therapie aus Antikoagulanz und einer dualen Plättchenhemmung aus
Clopidogrel und Aspirin (IIaB) bis zu ggf. 6 Monaten bei erhöhtem ischämischen Risiko empfehlen, sollte unter Berücksichtigung der Studiendaten von PIONEER-AF
und REDUAL-PCI sowie der in verschiedenen Registern dokumentierten hohen Blutungsrate der Triple-Therapie eine duale Therapie bevorzugt mit Rivaroxaban bzw.
Dabigatran in reduzierter Dosierung von 15 mg bzw. 110 mg durchgeführt werden. In diesen beiden Studien wies die Kombination aus Rivaroxaban bzw. Dabigatran mit
Clopidogrel weitaus geringere Blutungsraten als die klassische Triple-Therapie auf.
Gastrointestinal Stents: Materials and Designs
Authors: Black Steven , Edwards Derek , Smith Graham , Laasch Hans-Ulrich 
Published: May 2018

Over the past 25 years, stents have developed into an established way of restoring luminal patency throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Materials used as well as the construction of these devices have become more and more sophisticated to comply better with the complex environment they are inserted in. The requirements vary greatly from organ to organ and stent behavior differs significantly between stent constructions. However, this is not necessarily appreciated by many operators. The choice of devices is now vast, and in many cases, decisions are made on availability and cost. An increasing challenge in malignant conditions is the improving survival of incurable patients, which now exceeds the traditional life expectancy of a stent by a factor of 2 to 3. Consequently, more patients experience failure of their stent and require repeat interventions. This has a poor impact on patients' quality of life and potentially on their survival. Re-intervention is often more difficult, carries the risk of additional complications, and presents an additional economic burden to the health systems.This article illustrates current stent designs, their different behaviors, and limitations.
The Role of Modified Expansion Sphincter Pharyngoplasty in Multilevel Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Surgery
Authors: Lorusso Francesco , Dispenza Francesco , Modica Domenico , Gallina Salvatore 
Published: May 2018

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder caused by an excessive narrowing of the pharyngeal airway that also collapses during inspiration, with an important role played by the lateral pharyngeal wall in the development of the obstruction.
Objective To describe our surgical experience with modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (MESP) in the management of lateral collapse in upper airway multilevel surgery.
Methods A total of 20 patients with moderate to severe OSAS were recruited in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department of the University of Palermo, Italy. All of the enrolled patients refused the ventilatory therapy. The subjects were evaluated for snoring, and daytime sleepiness had a clinical evaluation including collection of anthropometric data and ENT examination and rhinofibroscopy with Müller maneuver. The patients undergoing upper airway multilevel surgery and we selected for MESP the patients with an oropharyngeal transverse pattern of collapse at Müller maneuver.
Results In the postoperative assessment, all of the patients reported a reduction in snoring scores and daytime sleepiness. We observed a reduction in the mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 57.5% of the sample, which decreased from a mean value of 41.7 ( ± 21.5) to 17.4 ( ±  8.9) (p < 0.05), with a success rate, according to the Sher criteria, of 65%. We observed very few postoperative complications.
Conclusion Modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty in multilevel surgical therapy preceded by a careful selection of patients has proven to be effective in treating patients with moderate to severe syndromes.
Kasuistik: Opioidtherapie bei chronischem Rückenschmerz
Authors: Schnabel Alexander , Haaga Roland , Rittner Heike 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungEin 76-jähriger stellt sich mit chronischen lumbalen Rückenschmerzen vor, die trotz hochdosierter Opioidtherapie nicht suffizient behandelt sind. Nach Ausschluss spezifischer Ursachen konnte im Rahmen eines multimodalen tagesklinischen Behandlungsprogramms für Senioren die Opioidtagesdosis von 480 mg auf 28 mg Morphinäquivalent und die initiale hohe Schmerzintensität von 7 auf 4 Punkte auf einer numerischen Rangskala erfolgreich reduziert werden.
Hauttypen, Hautpigmentierung und Melaninsynthese: wichtige Instrumente der menschlichen Haut zur Anpassung an die UV-Strahlung
Authors: Saternus R. , Vogt T. , Reichrath J. 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungVerschiedene Evolutionstheorien befassen sich mit der Entwicklung der Hautfarben, einem der wichtigsten individuellen Merkmale des Menschen. Die am besten etablierte Theorie geht von einer Anpassung an die jeweilige solare UV-Strahlung in einem bestimmten geografischen Gebiet über natürliche Selektionsmechanismen aus. Demnach muss die Haut einerseits ausreichend pigmentiert sein, um einen wirksamen Schutz vor den schädlichen Einwirkungen der UV-Strahlung zu gewährleisten, andererseits muss aber auch genügend Strahlung die Hautzellen erreichen können, um wichtige biologische Wirkungen (u. a. die kutane Vitamin D-Synthese) auszuüben. Wichtige Instrumente, um in Abhängigkeit von der Intensität der solaren UV-Strahlung beide Anforderungen zu erfüllen, sind die Entwicklung der Hautfarben und die Regulation der Melaninsynthese. Die Hautpigmentierung läuft über komplexe Reaktionsschritte ab. Das wichtigste Pigment der menschlichen Hautfarbe ist Melanin, das in einer mehrstufigen Reaktion aus der Aminosäure Tyrosin synthetisiert wird. Produziert wird Melanin in Melanozyten in auf die Melaninproduktion spezialisierten Zellorganellen, den Melanosomen. Die Synthese wird durch einen komplexen Regulationsmechanismus gesteuert, an dem verschiedene Botenstoffe wie z. B. α-MSH entscheidend beteiligt sind. Daneben wird die noch nicht vollständig verstandene Regulation der Hautpigmentierung von vielen weiteren Faktoren beeinflusst, darunter genetische Varianten der an der Melaninsynthese beteiligten Enzyme bzw. Strukturproteine. Dieser Artikel gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über Bedeutung und Regulation von Hautpigmentierung und Melaninsynthese.
Molekulare Mechanismen der kutanen Photokarzinogenese: ein Update
Authors: Martens M. , Seebode C. , Lehmann J. , Emmert S. 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungUV-Strahlung gilt als primäre Ursache der Photokarzinogenese und trägt somit zur Entwicklung von kutanen Hautkrebsentitäten wie Plattenepithelkarzinom, Basalzellkarzinom und Melanom bei. Durch UV-Strahlung entstehen einerseits typische DNA-Photoprodukte und andererseits indirekte DNA-Schäden durch reaktive Sauerstoffspezies. UV-bedingte DNA-Schäden werden durch die Nukleotid-Exzisions-Reparatur behoben, die somit der Bildung von Mutationen und der Hautkrebsentwicklung entgegenwirkt. Durch Mutationen werden Tumorsuppressorgene inaktiviert und wachstumsfördernde Signalwege aktiviert, die die normale Zellzyklusprogression stören. Abhängig von der jeweilig zugrunde liegenden Hautkrebsentität, sind bestimmte Gene häufiger betroffen als andere. Basalzellkarzinome weisen häufig Patched- oder Smoothened-Mutationen auf, die den Sonic hedgehog-Signalweg beeinflussen. Plattenepithelkarzinome zeigen vermehrt TP53-Mutationen. Weitere Mutationen umfassen den epidermalen Wachstumsfaktorrezeptor, RAS, FYN und CDKN2A. In Melanomen konnten vor allem UV-induzierte Mutationen in TP53 und CDKN2A nachgewiesen werden. Zudem tragen UV-induzierte Entzündungsprozesse zur Photokarzinogenese bei. Neuere Studien konnten einen Einfluss von Zitrusfruchtkonsum, Alkoholkonsum, Hormonersatztherapien und oralen Kontrazeptiva auf die Photokarzinogenese feststellen. Präventive Maßnahmen gegen UV-bedingte Karzinogenese beinhalten den adäquaten Gebrauch von Sonnenschutz und regelmäßige Hautkrebsvorsorgeuntersuchungen.
French and English lexical blends in contrast
Authors: Renner Vincent 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Two sets of 97 French and 374 English lexical units identified as lexical blends are examined from a contrastive perspective. It appears that English displays a wider variety of patterns than French does – a larger number of marginal types of lexical input combination, of lexical shortening and of phonological splitting. Striking dissimilarities between the two languages also include an inclination for the pattern of double inner shortening in English and the pattern of left-hand-side inner shortening in French, as well as a preference for semantic and phonological right-headedness in English and the absence of a preferred lateral head position in French.
Accuracy of human motion capture systems for sport applications; state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: van der Kruk Eline , Reijne Marco M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjective: Sport research often requires human motion capture of an athlete. It can, however, be labour‐intensive and difficult to select the right system, while manufacturers report on specifications which are determined in set‐ups that largely differ from sport research in terms of volume, environment and motion. The aim of this review is to assist researchers in the selection of a suitable motion capture system for their experimental set‐up for sport applications. An open online platform is initiated, to support (sport)researchers in the selection of a system and to enable them to contribute and update the overview. Design: systematic review; Method: Electronic searches in Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were performed, and the reference lists of the screened articles were scrutinised to determine human motion capture systems used in academically published studies on sport analysis. Results: An overview of 17 human motion capture systems is provided, reporting the general specifications given by the manufacturer (weight and size of the sensors, maximum capture volume, environmental feasibilities), and calibration specifications as determined in peer‐reviewed studies. The accuracy of each system is plotted against the measurement range. Conclusion: The overview and chart can assist researchers in the selection of a suitable measurement system. To increase the robustness of the database and to keep up with technological developments, we encourage researchers to perform an accuracy test prior to their experiment and to add to the chart and the system overview (online, open access).
On cototality and the skip operator in the enumeration degrees
Authors: Andrews Uri , Ganchev Hristo , Kuyper Rutger , Lempp Steffen , Miller Joseph , Soskova Alexandra , Soskova Mariya 
Published: May 2018

A set

A
⊆
ω

A\subseteq \omega

is cototal if it is enumeration reducible to its complement,

A
¯

\overline {A}

. The skip of

A
A

is the uniform upper bound of the complements of all sets enumeration reducible to

A
A

. These are closely connected:

A
A

has cototal degree if and only if it is enumeration reducible to its skip. We study cototality and related properties, using the skip operator as a tool in our investigation. We give many examples of classes of enumeration degrees that either guarantee or prohibit cototality. We also study the skip for its own sake, noting that it has many of the nice properties of the Turing jump, even though the skip of

A
A

is not always above

A
A

(i.e., not all degrees are cototal). In fact, there is a set that is its own double skip.
Lineage-associated underrepresented permutations (LAUPs) of mammalian genomic sequences based on a Jellyfish-based LAUPs analysis application (JBLA)
Authors: Zhang Le , Xiao Ming , Zhou Jingsong , Yu Jun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMotivationThis study addresses several important questions related to naturally underrepresented sequences: (i) are there permutations of real genomic DNA sequences in a defined length (k-mer) and a given lineage that do not actually exist or underrepresented? (ii) If there are such sequences, what are their characteristics in terms of k-mer length and base composition? (iii) Are they related to CpG or TpA underrepresentation known for human sequences? We propose that the answers to these questions are of great significance for the study of sequence-associated regulatory mechanisms, such cytosine methylation and chromosomal structures in physiological or pathological conditions such as cancer.ResultsWe empirically defined sequences that were not included in any well-known public databases as lineage-associated underrepresented permutations (LAUPs). Then, we developed a Jellyfish-based LAUPs analysis application (JBLA) to investigate LAUPs for 24 representative species. The present discoveries include: (i) lengths for the shortest LAUPs, ranging from 10 to 14, which collectively constitute a low proportion of the genome. (ii) Common LAUPs showing higher CG content over the analysed mammalian genome and possessing distinct CG*CG motifs. (iii) Neither CpG-containing LAUPs nor CpG island sequences are randomly structured and distributed over the genomes; some LAUPs and most CpG-containing sequences exhibit an opposite trend within the same k and n variants. In addition, we demonstrate that the JBLA algorithm is more efficient than the original Jellyfish for computing LAUPs.Availability and implementationWe developed a Jellyfish-based LAUP analysis (JBLA) application by integrating Jellyfish (Marçais and Kingsford, 2011), MEME (Bailey, et al., 2009) and the NCBI genome database (Pruitt, et al., 2007) applications, which are listed as Supplementary Material.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TimeXNet Web: identifying cellular response networks from diverse omics time-course data
Authors: Tan Phit Ling , López Yosvany , Nakai Kenta , Patil Ashwini 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Summary
Condition-specific time-course omics profiles are frequently used to study cellular response to stimuli and identify associated signaling pathways. However, few online tools allow users to analyze multiple types of high-throughput time-course data. TimeXNet Web is a web server that extracts a time-dependent gene/protein response network from time-course transcriptomic, proteomic or phospho-proteomic data, and an input interaction network. It classifies the given genes/proteins into time-dependent groups based on the time of their highest activity and identifies the most probable paths connecting genes/proteins in consecutive groups. The response sub-network is enriched in activated genes/proteins and contains novel regulators that do not show any observable change in the input data. Users can view the resultant response network and analyze it for functional enrichment. TimeXNet Web supports the analysis of high-throughput data from multiple species by providing high quality, weighted protein-protein interaction networks for 12 model organisms.

Availability and implementation
http://txnet.hgc.jp/

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.