bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of TEGDMA leaching from four resin cements by HPLC
Authors: Altintas Subutay Han , Usumez Aslihan 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the elution of TEGDMA from dual cured resin cements, used for bonding of ceramic restoration by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methods: Forty freshly extracted caries and restoration free molar teeth used in this study. Standardized Class I preparations were prepared in all teeth. Ceramic inlays were cemented with one of the dual cured resin cements (Variolink II, Rely X ARC, Rely X Unicem and Resilute). After cementation, specimens were stored in 75% ethanol solution. HPLC was used to analyze the amounts of TEGDMA in different time intervals. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were used to evaluate the results (P<.05).Results: The amount of TEGDMA eluted from Resilute was the highest and the amount of TEGDMA
eluted from Rely X Unicem was the lowest (P<.05). The total amount of monomers was the
highest after 21 days (P<.05).Conclusions: The five soft drinks caused surface softening of enamel (erosion). In respect to the chemical variables tested, despite not statistically significant, the pH seems to have more influence on the erosive potential of these drinks. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:10-13)
On the feasibility of saltational evolution
Authors: Katsnelson Mikhail I. , Wolf Yuri I. , Koonin Eugene V. 
Published: October 2019

Significance
In evolutionary biology, it is generally assumed that evolution occurs in the weak mutation limit, that is, the frequency of multiple mutations simultaneously occurring in the same genome and the same generation is negligible. We employ mathematical modeling to show that, although under the typical parameter values of the evolutionary process the probability of multimutational leaps is indeed low, they might become substantially more likely under stress, when the mutation rate is dramatically elevated. We hypothesize that stress-induced mutagenesis in microbes is an evolvable adaptive strategy. Multimutational leaps might matter also in other cases of substantially increased mutation rate, such as growing tumors or evolution of primordial replicators.
How internal cavities destabilize a protein
Authors: Xue Mengjun , Wakamoto Takuro , Kejlberg Camilla , Yoshimura Yuichi , Nielsen Tania Aaquist , Risør Michael Wulff , Sanggaard Kristian Wejse , Kitahara Ryo , Mulder Frans A. A. 
Published: October 2019

SignificanceProteins exist as ensembles of microstates governed by a free energy landscape, with multiple “excited” states coexisting with the minimum energy structure. These alternate folded and partially disordered states are continuously being accessed through protein dynamics and are key elements required for a comprehensive understanding of protein function and stability. Unfortunately, their low abundance makes these “invisible” states hard to characterize experimentally. A unique view of the hierarchy of unfolding states on the protein energy landscape was obtained here using pressure perturbation. Furthermore, pressure perturbation can directly identify empty protein cavities and determine the energetic penalty of filling these with water.
Salicylic acid-mediated plasmodesmal closure via Remorin-dependent lipid organization
Authors: Huang Dingquan , Sun Yanbiao , Ma Zhiming , Ke Meiyu , Cui Yong , Chen Zichen , Chen Chaofan , Ji Changyang , Tran Tuan Minh , Yang Liang , Lam Sin Man , Han Yanhong , Shui Guanghou , Wei Zhuang , Tan Shutang , Liao Kan , Friml Jiří , Miao Yansong , Jiang Liwen , Chen Xu 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Plasmodesmata (PD) create cytoplasmic and membrane continuities between adjacent cells to facilitate cell–cell communication and virus movement. Plant cells have evolved diverse mechanisms to regulate PD plasticity against plant pathogens, including the accumulation of the defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA). However, the mechanism of how this occurs is not well understood. Here, we uncover a mechanism by which SA triggers Remorin-dependent membrane lipid nanodomain assembly, leading to enhancement of the liquid-ordered phase. The higher-ordered lipids, which are particularly enriched at PD membrane, decreased PD membrane plasticity, and thus restricted PD opening and impeded virus spreading. Our findings address a knowledge gap in plant defense mechanisms at the membrane level that rely on SA-controlled lipid order and PD closure.
TCAD simulation studies of novel geometries for CZT ring-drift detectors
Authors: Maneuski D , Gostilo V , Owens A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work, technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation results of new CZT ring-drift detector geometries are presented. The physics model was developed and validated against the results from an existing device which had been comprehensively characterised at x-ray wavelengths. The model was then applied to new detector geometries and a systematic study of the parameters influencing charge collection performed. A comparison between one- two- and three-ring circle and semi-rectangular (or squircle) geometries is presented. In was found that charge collection with the squircle ring configuration was systematically better than the circular configuration and extends approximately

m further from the collecting anode. In addition, a two-ring geometry device is shown to collect charge

m and

m further from the anode when compared to one- and three- ring geometries, respectively. Based on these results, we derive an optimum configuration which potentially can be multiplied on larger crystals, offering an increased charge collection volume without compromising energy resolution.
Superconductivity under pressure in the Dirac semimetal PdTe2
Authors: Leng H , Ohmura A , Anh L N , Ishikawa F , Naka T , Huang Y K , de Visser A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Dirac semimetal PdTe2 was recently reported to be a type-I superconductor (T

c
=  1.64 K,

mT) with unusual superconductivity of the surface sheath. We here report a high-pressure study,

GPa, of the superconducting phase diagram extracted from ac-susceptibility and transport measurements on single crystalline samples. T

c
(p ) shows a pronounced non-monotonous variation with a maximum T

c
=  1.91 K around 0.91 GPa, followed by a gradual decrease to 1.27 K at 2.5 GPa. Surface superconductivity is robust under pressure as demonstrated by the large superconducting screening signal that persists for applied dc-fields

. Surprisingly, for

GPa the superconducting transition temperature at the surface

is larger than T

c
of the bulk. Therefore surface superconductivity may possibly have a non-trivial topological nature. We compare the measured pressure variation of T

c
with recent results from band structure calculations and discuss the importance of a Van Hove singularity.
Fréchet differentiable drift dependence of Perron–Frobenius and Koopman operators for non-deterministic dynamics
Authors: Koltai Péter , Lie Han Cheng , Plonka Martin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We prove the Fréchet differentiability with respect to the drift of Perron–Frobenius and Koopman operators associated to time-inhomogeneous ordinary stochastic differential equations. This result relies on a similar differentiability result for pathwise expectations of path functionals of the solution of the stochastic differential equation, which we establish using Girsanov’s formula. We demonstrate the significance of our result in the context of dynamical systems and operator theory, by proving continuously differentiable drift dependence of the simple eigen- and singular values and the corresponding eigen- and singular functions of the stochastic Perron–Frobenius and Koopman operators.
First benchmarking of the BIANCA model for cell survival prediction in a clinical hadron therapy scenario
Authors: Carante M P , Aricò G , Ferrari A , Kozlowska W , Mairani A , Ballarini F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the framework of RBE modelling for hadron therapy, the BIANCA biophysical model was extended to O-ions and was used to construct a radiobiological database describing the survival of V79 cells as a function of ion type (1  ⩽  Z  ⩽  8) and energy. This database allowed performing RBE predictions in very good agreement with experimental data. A method was then developed to construct analogous databases for different cell lines, starting from the V79 database as a reference.
Following interface to the FLUKA Monte Carlo radiation transport code, BIANCA was then applied for the first time to predict cell survival in a typical patient treatment scenario, consisting of two opposing fields of range-equivalent protons or C-ions. The model predictions were found to be in good agreement with CHO cell survival data obtained at the Heidelberg ion-beam therapy (HIT) centre, as well as predictions performed by the local effect model (version LEM IV).
This work shows that BIANCA can be used to predict cell survival and RBE not only for V79 and AG01522 cells, as shown previously, but also, in principle, for any cell line of interest. Furthermore, following interface to a transport code like FLUKA, BIANCA can provide predictions of 3D biological dose distributions for hadron therapy treatments, thus laying the foundations for future applications in clinics.
Observation of orbital ordering and origin of the nematic order in FeSe
Authors: Cao R X , Hu Jian , Dong Jun , Zhang J B , Ye X S , Xu Y F , Chareev D A , Vasiliev A N , Wu Bing , Zeng X H , Wang Q L , Wu Guoqing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In iron-based superconductors the interactions driving the nematic order that breaks the lattice four-fold rotational symmetry in the iron plane may also facilitate the Cooper pairing, but experimental determination of these interactions is challenging because the temperatures of the nematic order and the order of other electronic phases appear to match each other or to be close to each other. Here we performed field-dependent 77Se-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on single crystals of iron-based superconductor FeSe, with magnetic field B
0 up to 16 T. The 77Se-NMR spectra and Knight shift split when the direction of B
0 is away from the direction perpendicular to the iron planes (i.e. B
0 ∥ c) upon cooling in temperature, with a significant change in the distribution and magnitude of the internal magnetic field at the 77Se nucleus, but these do not happen when B
0 is perpendicular to the iron planes, thus demonstrating that there is an orbital ordering. Moreover, stripe-type antiferromagnetism is absent, while giant antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations measured by the NMR spin-lattice relaxation gradually developed starting at ∼40 K, which is far below the nematic order temperature T
nem = 89 K. These results provide direct evidence of orbital-driven nematic order in FeSe.
Transverse-mode coupling effects in scanning cavity microscopy
Authors: Benedikter Julia , Moosmayer Thea , Mader Matthias , Hümmer Thomas , Hunger David 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Tunable open-access Fabry–Pérot microcavities enable the combination of cavity enhancement with high resolution imaging. To assess the limits of this technique originating from background variations, we perform high-finesse scanning cavity microscopy of pristine planar mirrors. We observe spatially localized features of strong cavity transmission reduction for certain cavity mode orders, and periodic background patterns with high spatial frequency. We show in detailed measurements that the localized structures originate from resonant transverse-mode coupling and arise from the topography of the planar mirror surface, in particular its local curvature and gradient. We further examine the background patterns and find that they derive from non-resonant mode coupling, and we attribute it to the micro roughness of the mirror. Our measurements and analysis elucidate the impact of imperfect mirrors and reveal the influence of their microscopic topography. This is crucial for the interpretation of scanning cavity images, and could provide relevant insight for precision applications such as gravitational wave detectors, laser gyroscopes, and reference cavities.
Study of Temperature Evolution’s Trend on the Black Sea Shore, at Constanta
Authors: Mocanu-Vargancsik C A , Barbulescu A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It is widely recognized that temperature’s changes have an important impact on the environment, in particular on sea waters, plants, animals and human life. This article presents the results of the study of the temperature’s evolution trend in Constanta, the main city and harbour on the Romanian Black Sea shore. Have been used the maximum and minimum daily temperatures, collected from the European Climate Assessment & Dataset project website. The data span over 58 years, from 1961 to 2018, period long enough to consider the results significant. Change points detection is done for annual and seasonal data, followed by testing the trend existence for maximum and minimum annual and seasonal series. The results proved the existence of increasing trend for all the temperature series, fact that confirms the global warming effect in this part of the world.
Single serpentine flow fields design and sub-rib convection analysis for a PEM fuel cell
Authors: Ionescu V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), transport of reactant gases through a bypass convection mechanism established between two adjacent channels along the gas diffusion layer (GDL) under the serpentine type flow field of a bipolar plate can enhance the fuel cell performance by reducing the power losses. In this paper, three different serpentine type flow field models for bipolar plates of a PEM fuel cell unit have been designed, with different channel width/rib width ratios of 1, 1.05 and 1.2, and different pressure loses have been evaluated. An analytical model for bypass sub-rib convection, based on two adjacent flow channels and a serpentine in contact with a GDL layer was used here. This model established the influence of bypass convection in the form of Peclet number Pe for the flow field models, by modifying the GDL thickness t (mm) and active channel length L (mm). The optimal combination of thickness t, porosity ε and permeability k for a series of commercial GDL materials from the perspective of sub-rib convection was established for SigracetTM GDL 35 BC, with highest Pe number modified along the channel.
The software package MIEZEPY for the reduction of MIEZE data
Authors: Schober Alexander , Wendl Andreas , Haslbeck Franz X , Jochum Johanna K , Spitz Leonie , Franz Christian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Modulation of intensity with zero effort (MIEZE) is a neutron resonant spin echo technique which allows to measure the intermediate scattering function S(Q, τ) under depolarizing conditions. Since MIEZE produces a complex four dimensional dataset, we have developed the software package MIEZEPY to reduce the dataset and extract S(Q, τ) in a user friendly manner. This is an essential step in establishing the MIEZE technique and improving user operation. MIEZEPY was written in Python as an open source package and was developed on GitHub. In this paper the framework and implementation of this package as well as the physical and mathematical principles underlying the data reduction procedure will be introduced to lay out the complexity of this task.
On the dynamics of Riccati foliations with nonparabolic monodromy representations
Authors: Hussenot Desenonges Nicolas 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we study the dynamics of Riccati foliations over noncompact finite volume Riemann surfaces. More precisely, we are interested in two closely related questions: the asymptotic behaviour of the holonomy map

H
o

l
t

(
ω
)

Hol_t(\omega )

defined for every time

t
t

over a generic Brownian path

ω
\omega

in the base; and the analytic continuation of holonomy germs of the foliation along Brownian paths in transversal complex curves. When the monodromy representation is parabolic (i.e., the monodromy around any puncture is a parabolic element in

P
S

L
2

(

C

)

PSL_2(\mathbb {C})

), these two questions have been solved, respectively, in [Comm. Math. Phys. 340 (2015), pp. 433–469] and [Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 37 (2017), pp. 1887–1914]. Here, we study the more general case where at least one puncture has hyperbolic monodromy. We characterise the lower-upper, upper-upper, and upper-lower classes of the map

H
o

l
t

(
ω
)

Hol_t(\omega )

for almost every Brownian path

ω
\omega

. We prove that the main result of [Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 37 (2017), pp. 1887–1914] still holds in this case: when the monodromy group of the foliation is “big enough”, the holonomy germs can be analytically continued along a generic Brownian path.
Development of a hospital deprescribing implementation framework: A focus group study with geriatricians and pharmacists
Authors: Scott Sion , Twigg Michael J , Clark Allan , Farrow Carol , May Helen , Patel Martyn , Taylor Johanna , Wright David J , Bhattacharya Debi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
over 50% of older people in hospital are prescribed a pre-admission medicine that is potentially inappropriate; however, deprescribing by geriatricians and pharmacists is limited. This study aimed to characterise geriatricians’ and pharmacists’ barriers and enablers to deprescribing in hospital. It also intended to develop a framework of intervention components to facilitate implementation of hospital deprescribing.

Methods
fifty-four geriatricians and pharmacists representing four UK hospitals attended eight focus groups. We designed a topic guide to invite discussions about barriers and enablers to deprescribing. After thematic analysis, themes were mapped to the theoretical domains framework (TDF), enabling prioritisation of domains for behaviour change. We then identified evidence-based intervention components for changing behaviour within prioritised TDF domains.

Results
geriatricians and pharmacists described several deprescribing enablers in the hospital setting including alignment with their role and generalist knowledge, and routine patient monitoring. Five prioritised TDF domains represent the key barriers and enabler: patient and caregiver attachment to medication (social influence); perceptions that deprescribing is riskier than continuing to prescribe (beliefs about consequences); pharmacists’ working patterns limiting capacity to support deprescribing (environmental context and resources); deprescribing being a low hospital priority (goals) and incentives to deprescribe (reinforcement). Prioritised TDF domains aligned with 44 evidence-based intervention components to address the barriers and enabler to hospital deprescribing.

Conclusion
the behavioural determinants and their associated intervention components provide a hospital deprescribing implementation framework (hDIF). Intervention components should be selected from the hDIF to provide a theory and evidence-based intervention tailored to hospital contexts.
Statin treatment, phenotypic frailty and mortality among community-dwelling octogenarian men: the HBS cohort
Authors: Luotola Kari , Jyväkorpi Satu , Urtamo Annele , Pitkälä Kaisu H , Kivimäki Mika , Strandberg Timo E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
statin treatment has increased also among people aged 80 years and over, but adverse effects potentially promoting frailty and loss of resilience are frequent concerns.

Methods
in the Helsinki Businessmen Study, men born in 1919–34 (original n = 3,490) have been followed up since the 1960s. In 2011, a random subcohort of home-living survivors (n = 525) was assessed using questionnaires and clinical (including identification of phenotypic frailty) and laboratory examinations. A 7-year mortality follow-up ensued.

Results
we compared 259 current statin users (median age 82 years, interquartile range 80–85 years) with 266 non-users (83; 80–86 years). Statin users had significantly more multimorbidity than non-users (prevalencies 72.1% and 50.4%, respectively, P &lt; 0.0001) and worse glucose status than non-users (prevalencies of diabetes 19.0% and 9.4%, respectively, P = 0.0008). However, there was no difference in phenotypic frailty (10.7% versus 11.2%, P = 0.27), and statin users had higher plasma prealbumin level than non-users (mean levels 257.9 and 246.3 mg/L, respectively, P = 0.034 adjusted for age, body mass index and C-reactive protein) implying better nutritional status. Despite morbidity difference, age-adjusted 7-year mortality was not different between the two groups (98 and 103 men among users and non-users of statins, respectively, hazard ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.72–1.30).

Conclusions
our study suggests that male octogenarian statin users preserved resilience and survival despite multimorbidity, and this may be associated with better nutritional status among statin users.
Comparison of Approaches for Equating Different Versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination Administered in 22 Studies
Authors: Gross Alden L , Kueider-Paisley Alexandra M , Sullivan Campbell , Schretlen David ,   International Neuropsychological Normative Database Initiative
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is one of the most widely used cognitive screening tests in the world. However, its administration and content differs by country and region, precluding direct comparison of scores across different versions. Our objective was to compare 2 methods of deriving comparable scores across versions of the MMSE. Between 1981 and 2012, investigators in the International Neuropsychological Normative Database Initiative collected MMSE scores on 122,512 persons from 47 studies conducted in 35 countries. We used MMSE data from 80,559 adults aged 41–99 years from 22 studies that provided item-level response data. We first equated 14-point, 15-point, 18-point, 19-point, and 23-point versions of the MMSE to the original 30-point version using coarse equipercentile equating methods that preserved differences across continents, age groups, and durations (years) of education. We then derived more precise item response theory–based scores using item-level responses to MMSE component items. We compared the 2 score-equating approaches using correlation and Bland-Altman plots. Both test-equating approaches were highly correlated with each other (r = 0.73) and with raw MMSE point totals. Bland-Altman plots revealed minimal evidence of systematic differences between the approaches. Our findings support the use of equipercentile equating when item-level data are unavailable to facilitate development of international test norms.