bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavelength division multiplexing of continuous variable quantum key distribution and 18.3 Tbit/s data channels
Authors: Eriksson Tobias A. , Hirano Takuya , Puttnam Benjamin J. , Rademacher Georg , Luís Ruben S. , Fujiwara Mikio , Namiki Ryo , Awaji Yoshinari , Takeoka Masahiro , Wada Naoya , Sasaki Masahide 
Published: January 2019

AbstractQuantum key distribution (QKD) can offer communication with unconditional security and is a promising technology to protect next generation communication systems. For QKD to see commercial success, several key challenges have to be solved, such as integrating QKD signals into existing fiber optical networks. In this paper, we present experimental verification of QKD co-propagating with a large number of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) coherent data channels. We show successful secret key generation over 24 h for a continuous-variable QKD channel jointly transmitted with 100 WDM channels of erbium doped fiber amplified polarization multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals amounting to a datarate of 18.3 Tbit/s. Compared to previous co-propagation results in the C-band, we demonstrate more than a factor of 10 increase in the number of WDM channels and more than 90 times higher classical bitrate, showing the co-propagation with Tbit/s data-carrying channels.
A UPLC-MS/MS application for comparisons of the hepatotoxicity of raw and processed Xanthii Fructus by energy metabolites
Authors: Jiang Hai , Yang Liu , Xing Xudong , Yan Meiling , Guo Xinyue , Hou Ajiao , Man Wenjing , Yang Bingyou , Wang Qiuhong , Kuang Haixue 
Published: January 2019

The ripe fruit of Xanthium strumarium L. (Xanthii Fructus) cannot be widely used as a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) owing to its hepatotoxicity.
Psychische Komorbidität in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Niecke Alexander , von Bassewitz Valeska , Michels Guido 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article aims to provide an overview of the nature and extent, risk factors and treatment strategies of co-morbid mental disorders in the context of intensive care medicine. Depressive, anxious and posttraumatic syndromes as well as deliria are common phenomena in critical care patients, which correspond with the course and outcome of the underlying physical illness. The most important factors for the occurrence of mental comorbidity and general principles of care are described.
Die Amygdala
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: January 2019

SummaryDie Amygdala ist ein Nervenkerngebiet in der rechten und linken Gehirnhälfte im vorderen Teil des Schläfenlappens. Ihre Funktion ist es, Sinneswahrnehmungen emotional einzufärben. Sie ist mit dem Hypothalamus und Thalamus vernetzt.
Neuromprävention durch sensiblen Filetlappen bei zentraler
Handverschmälerung
Authors: Piza-Katzer Hildegunde , Estermann Dunja 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungZwei Patientinnen mit Fingerverletzung und mehreren Voroperationen wollen sich
mit dem Resultat eines steifen Fingers, der schmerzt und die Handfunktion stark
beeinträchtigt, nicht zufrieden geben und holen eine Zweitmeinung ein. Als
ultima ratio wird eine radikal erscheinende Lösung angeboten: eine
Fingerstrahl-Skelett-Resektion. Da Fingeramputationen häufig zur Ausbildung
schmerzhafter Neurome führen wird nach Zustimmung der Patientinnen operativ der
Knochen des betroffenen Fingers entfernt und die durchblutete, sensible Haut des
davor funktionslosen Fingers als sensibler Filetlappen verwendet. Somit wird
eine Neuromentstehung verhindert. Eine funktionsfähige, schmerzfreie Hand ist
das Resultat dieser beiden Eingriffe.
CMD-Kieler-Konzept – diagnostikgesteuerte Therapie (dgT)
Authors: Fischer-Brandies Helge , Asche Marc , Wunderlich Christian 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungZur Behandlung craniomandibulärer Dysfunktionen (CMD) haben sich zahlreiche Therapiekonzepte etabliert. Dennoch stellt sich in manchen Fällen der gewünschte Erfolg nicht ein. Gründe dafür sind u. a. die Komplexität der Erkrankung und die damit verbundene erhöhte Anforderung an eine interdisziplinäre Abstimmung der Behandler. Dieser Umstand gab Veranlassungen, die Erfahrungen des Kieler CMD-Teams zu systematisieren. Die Erfolge des CMD-Kieler-Konzept dgT beruhen auf der diagnostikbasierten Steuerung der Therapieschritte. Die Anamnese erfolgt im freien Interview. Die Basisdiagnostik beinhaltet die Analyse der Okklusion, die Kiefergelenk-Funktionsanalyse, die Untersuchung des neuromuskulären Systems und wird bei Bedarf durch ein Kiefergelenks-Magnetresonanztomogramm ergänzt. Daraus ergibt sich der organspezifische Befund. Nun erfolgt eine diagnostische Therapie in der Regel mit einer Aufbissschiene in Kombination mit einer abgestimmten manuellen Therapie über einen Zeitraum von ca. 6 Wochen, die zum beschwerde- und therapierelevanten Befund führt. Auf dieser Grundlage entwickeln die Behandler die Hypothesen der Pathogenese, die Therapieziele und das Therapiekonzept. Wiederholte Reevaluation und klinische Argumentation begleitet die eigentliche Therapie bis zum Erreichen des individuellen Optimums sowie die ggf. notwendige Nachsorge und Ergebnissicherung.
Luxationen und Luxationsfrakturen des Kniegelenks
Authors: Drenck Tobias Claus , Heitmann Maximilian , Akoto Ralph , Preiss Achim , Frings Jannik , Krause Matthias , Frosch Karl-Heinz 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungKniegelenkluxationen und -luxationsfrakturen sind selten. Die Komplexität des Kniegelenks sowie die Nähe zu Nerven und Gefäßen können zu einer Vielzahl von Komplikationen und Begleitverletzungen führen. Häufig sind Kniegelenkluxationen Folge eines Hochrasanztraumas. Die Verletzung kann jedoch auch bei geringerer Krafteinwirkung beobachtet werden, in diesem Fall scheint ein hoher BMI ein Risiko darzustellen. Initial liegt der Fokus auf der Diagnostik, der entsprechenden Ruhigstellung und der Therapie von Gefäß- und Nervenverletzungen sowie von Weichteilschäden. Kniegelenkluxationen können primär mittels augmentierter Bandnähte versorgt werden. Alternativ bietet sich die Möglichkeit eines zweizeitigen Vorgehens: Zunächst erfolgt die Naht der Kollateralbänder und anschließend die Versorgung der Kreuzbänder mittels Bandplastik. Bei zeitgleichem Vorliegen einer Fraktur liegt der Fokus meist zunächst auf der Frakturversorgung, eine zeitgleiche Bandnaht ist möglich. Bei optimaler Versorgung können in 80% der Fälle gute bis sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden.
Risiko Mobilfunk
Authors: Hensinger Peter 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWLAN und Mobilfunk wurden von Industrie und Politik konsequent in alle Lebensbereiche eingeführt, vom Klassen bis zum Schlafzimmer, mit gesundheitlichen Folgen. Beispielhaft für die eindeutige Studienlage wertet der Beitrag über 50 wissenschaftliche Publikationen aus, die signifikante Gesundheitsschäden durch WLAN und Mobilfunk feststellen, insbesondere durch oxidativen Stress. Zu den dokumentierten Mobilfunkfolgen zählen Tumoren unter anderem des Gehirns, Unfruchtbarkeit, Erbgutschäden und Burnout.
Reliability of Transient Elastography-Based Liver Stiffness for Diagnosing Portal Hypertension in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Diagnostic Meta-Analysis with Specific Cut-Off Values
Authors: Song Jinzhen , Ma Zida , Huang Jianbo , Luo Yan , Zykus Romanas , Kumar Ashish , Kitson Matthew , Lu Qiang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Transient elastography-based liver stiffness value (TE-LSV) has been studied for the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Liver stiffness is influenced by the disease etiology. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to determine the performance of TE-LSV for diagnosing portal hypertension in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid and Cochrane library. A bivariate model was used to compute sensitivity and specificity. A random effects model was used to pool diagnostic odds ratios.
Results 9 studies with 679 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity based on a cut-off value around 21.8 kPa for clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) were 0.89 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.83–0.93) and 0.71(95 % CI, 0.64–0.78), respectively. For severe portal hypertension (SPH), the pooled sensitivity and specificity for a cut-off value around 29.1 kPa were 0.88 (95 % CI, 0.83–0.92) and 0.74 (95 % CI, 0.67–0.81), respectively.
Conclusion TE-LSV showed good performance for diagnosing portal hypertension in patients with ALD. The optimal cut-off value for CSPH and SPH was around 21.8 kPa and 29.1 kPa, respectively, and these two cut-off values showed good sensitivity and modest specificity. The etiology should be clear before using TE-LSV for portal hypertension.
Linked color imaging improves the endoscopic visibility of gastric mucosal cancers
Authors: Kitagawa Yoshiyasu , Suzuki Takuto , Hara Taro , Nankinzan Rino , Takashiro Hideyuki , Sugita Osamu , Imazeki Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Taketo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims As a newly developed endoscopy technique, linked color imaging (LCI) provides very bright images with enhanced color tones. With the objective of improving the detection rate of gastric mucosal cancers, which are often difficult to detect, we examined the utility of LCI from the viewpoint of visibility.
Patients and methods The current study used 100 consecutive gastric mucosal cancers ≤ 20 mm in diameter. For each lesion, we selected one endoscopic image acquired by white-light imaging (WLI), blue-laser imaging (BLI) -bright, and LCI modes. Four endoscopists interpreted the images; using a previously reported scale, we scored the visibility level on a scale of 1 – 4.
Results The mean (± SD) visibility scores were 2.54 ± 1.10 for WLI, 3.02 ± 1.07 for BLI-bright, and 3.28 ± 0.97 for LCI. The score was significantly higher for BLI-bright compared with WLI (P < .001) and again higher for LCI compared with BLI-bright (P < .001). For the experts, the scores for BLI-bright and LCI were similar, but both were significantly higher than the score for WLI. For the trainees, there was no significant difference between the WLI and BLI-bright scores, but LCI score was significantly higher than those for WLI and BLI-bright scores. With regard to clinical characteristics, LCI particularly enhanced visibility of normochromic, flat and depressed lesions, which had the lowest visibility scores of all three modalities compared with those of the other lesions.
Conclusion LCI increased visibility and may contribute to early detection of gastric mucosal cancers.
Eosinophile Erkrankungen des Gastrointestinaltrakts
Authors: Hentschel Florian , Lüth Stefan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe global incidence and prevalence of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases is rising. Clinically, acute eosinophilic esophagitis cannot be distinguished from other causes of esophagitis. Endoscopic findings like rings, webs or furrows have a lower sensitivity than previously assumed. An improvement of symptoms by proton-pump inhibitors also doesn’t rule out the diagnosis – it has to be confirmed histologically. Early therapy will prevent later complications like strictures and motility disorders. The presentation of eosinophilic gastroenteritris/colitis is even less specific. Common cause seems to be a Th2-mediated food allergy. Successful therapies include allergen-free diets and topic steroids. Additionally, in the case of proton-pump inhibitor-responsive eosinophilic esophagitis, proton pump inhibitors do not only block gastral acid production, but may also have a direct inhibitory effect on Th2-immunity. Therefore, Th2-specific biologicals have theoretical advantages, but they could not really convince in first clinical studies.
Case report: a rare cause of a hypervascular nodule in a noncirrhotic liver
Authors: Koschny Ronald , Allgäuer Michael , Pfeiffenberger Jan , Seessle Jessica , Fuchs Juri , Longerich Thomas , Wielpütz Mark , Hoffmann Katrin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA 37-year-old male patient with Crohn’s disease and multiple liver hemangiomas was referred to our hospital for an atypical hypervascular hepatic lesion detected on an external magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The patient was otherwise well and had no history of any liver disease. Liver values and tumor markers were normal. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound confirmed multiple hemangiomas in different liver segments and a hypervascular tumor with a hypovascular rim in segment II/IV. Repeat MRI showed a strongly enhancing neoplasm of 2.6 cm with a texture distinctly different from the otherwise relatively uniform hemangiomas, without evidence of interim growth. Ultrasound-guided biopsy revealed a hepatic small vessel neoplasm. Due to the unknown malignant potential, atypical segmental surgical resection was performed. Final histopathological analysis confirmed the complete resection of the lesion. The postoperative course was uneventful.
Distale Femurfrakturen extraartikulär und intraartikulär
Authors: Graef Frank , Tsitsilonis Serafim , Märdian Sven 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDistale Femurfrakturen sind komplexe Verletzungen, die zunehmend bei älteren Patienten auftreten. Trotz moderner Osteosyntheseverfahren treten nach wie vor in über 13% der Fälle Komplikationen auf. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Diagnostik, Versorgungsstrategie und mögliche Fallstricke, die bei der Therapie zu beachten sind.
A Reliable Video-based ACL Injury Screening Tool for Female Team Sport Athletes
Authors: Weir Gillian , Alderson Jacqueline , Smailes Natalie , Elliott Bruce , Donnelly Cyril 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a 2-dimensional (2D) video screening tool capable of predicting an athlete’s peak 3-dimensional (3D) knee moments during unplanned sidestepping. 2D video-based kinematic measures were simultaneously captured with 3D peak knee moments for 30 female field hockey players (15 junior, 15 senior). Intra- and intertester repeatability of 2D kinematic measures was performed. Then, linear regression models were used to model 3D knee moments from 2D kinematic variables utilizing 80% of the sample (n=24). Regression equations were then validated on the remaining 20% of the sample (n=6). Angular 2D measures had good-excellent intra- (ICC=0.936–0.998) and intertester (ICC=0.662–0.949) reliability. Displacement measures had poor-excellent intra- (ICC=0.377–0.539) and inter-tester (ICC=0.219–0.869) reliability. Significant independent predictors of peak knee moments were dynamic knee valgus, knee flexion angle at foot strike, trunk flexion range of motion (ROM), trunk lateral flexion, hip abduction and knee flexion ROM (P<0.05). Regression equations generated from these models effectively predicted peak knee extension, valgus and internal rotation moments (i. e., were not different from measured values P>0.05, ES<0.4) in the 20% subsample. 2D video-based measurements of an athlete's full body kinematics during unplanned sidestepping provide a reliable, specific, sensitive and cost-effective means for screening female team sport athletes.
Homöopathie rund um die Schwangerschaft
Authors: Boeddrich Ute 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Homöopathie lässt sich in allen Stadien der Schwangerschaft bei gesundheitlichen Problemen hervorragend einsetzen. Sie ist eine sichere und wirksame Behandlungsmethode für das psychische und physische Wohlbefinden der Schwangeren. Bei korrekter Anwendung gibt es keine Gefährdung für Mutter und Kind. Ergänzende naturheilkundliche Maßnahmen wie eine gesunde vollwertige Ernährung, Bewegung, Entspannungstechniken, regelmäßiger Schlaf sind wertvoll und wesentlich für eine unproblematische Gravidität.
Was Naturheilkunde bei unerfülltem Kinderwunsch leisten
kann
Authors: Gerhard Ingrid 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDie naturheilkundliche Behandlung einer Sterilität birgt große Chancen.
Verschiedene Studien zeigen, dass die Verbesserung der Lebensstilfaktoren die
spontane Schwangerschaftsrate mindestens verdoppeln kann. Die zuverlässigsten
Daten liegen zur Optimierung des Lebensstils, der Ernährung und
Nahrungsergänzung vor. Nach der Basisdiagnostik zu den Sterilitätsursachen
können jedoch auch weitere naturheilkundliche Methoden ergänzend genutzt werden,
um den unerfüllten Kinderwunsch zu behandeln.
Was heißt schon schwierig?
Authors: Hengeveld Elly 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungWelche Umstände oder Faktoren tragen dazu bei, dass Therapeuten bestimmte
Patienten oder Therapiesituationen als schwierig empfinden? Eine patienten- oder
klientenzentrierte, salutogen orientierte Kommunikation spielt eine wesentliche
Rolle dabei, mit vermeintlich schwierigen Patienten oder Therapiesituationen
umzugehen. Die Dialogbeispiele des Artikels geben Hinweise, wie eine solche
Gesprächsführung im Alltag geübt und umgesetzt werden kann.
Alcohol-free EUS-guided chemoablation of multiple pancreatic insulinomas
Authors: Gaballa Daniel , Abendroth Catherine , Moyer Matthew 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided chemoablation with ethanol lavage, followed by infusion with paclitaxel, has been found to be effective for treatment of mucinous pancreatic cysts. However, there are notable adverse events (AEs) associated with ethanol and its undesirable inflammatory effects on local tissue and vessels. The recent ChARM trial demonstrated that removing ethanol from the cyst ablation process resulted in equivalent efficacy while significantly reducing associated AEs. Encouraged by these results, we speculated that alcohol-free chemoablation can be applied to treatment of solid tumors, as described in our case with a patient with severe and symptomatic recurrent hypoglycemia in the setting of multifocal insulinomas. As a result, the patient saw a significant reduction in symptoms. EUS-guided alcohol-free chemoablation may represent a new alternative to previously established therapies that will ultimately reduce risk of AEs.
Effect of cap-assisted esophagogastroduodenoscopy on examination of the major duodenal papilla: a noninferior, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shi Xin , Luo Hui , Ning Bo , Wang Xiangping , Tao Qin , Liang Shuhui , Zhang Rongchun , Chen Jie , Luo Bing , Yao Shaowei , Pan Yanglin , Guo Xuegang , Fan Daiming 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Cap-assisted esophagogastroduodenoscopy (CA-EGD) using a transparent cap fitted to the tip of the scope has emerged as an alternative method for examination of the major duodenal papilla (MDP). However, it remains unclear whether CA-EGD is noninferior to standard duodenoscopy for MDP examination. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies of the two methods for complete examination of the MDP.
Methods This prospective, noninferior, randomized controlled study was conducted at two endoscopy centers. Consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were randomized (1:1) to undergo CA-EGD or standard duodenoscopy for MDP examination. The primary outcome was complete examination of the MDP, defined as visualization of the upper end, opening, and lower end of the papilla. Secondary outcomes included endoscopic findings and the time taken for the MDP examination.
Results The study was terminated for futility after the interim analysis. A total of 171 patients were randomly allocated to CA-EGD (n = 85) or standard duodenoscopy (n = 86). The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Complete examination of the MDP was achieved in 58/85 patients (68.2 %) in the CA-EGD group and in 74/86 (86.0 %) in standard duodenoscopy group. The difference in proportions was – 17.81 percentage points (95 % confidence interval [CI] –28.14 to –7.48) by intention-to-treat analysis and – 18.22 percentage points (95 %CI –28.34 to –8.10) by per-protocol analysis, both of which were significantly lower than the noninferiority margin of –5 %, and therefore the noninferiority of CA-EGD could not be confirmed. Examination time was significantly longer with CA-EGD (69.5 [SD 46.4] vs. 33.0 [SD 28.9] seconds; P < 0.001).
Conclusions Although complete examination of the MDP can be achieved by CA-EGD in most patients, it could not replace duodenoscopy as the standard method for examination of the MDP.
Assessment of technical parameters and skills training to inform a simulation-based training program for semi-automated robotic colonoscopy
Authors: Kopczynska Maja , Smits Stephanie , Hopps Rebecca , Ramaraj Rajeswari , Warren Neil , Goddard Stuart , Ye Xujiong , Dolwani Sunil 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Video-colonoscopy, despite being the gold-standard for diagnosis of colorectal lesions, has limitations including patient discomfort and risk of complications. This study assessed training characteristics and acceptability in operators of a new robotic colonoscope (RC).
Materials and methods Participants (n = 9) with varying degrees of skill and background knowledge in colonoscopy performed colonoscopies with a RC on a simulation-based training model. Quantitative procedure-related and qualitative operator-related parameters were recorded.
Results Polyp detection rate was highest in the novice group (91.67 %) followed by experts (86.11 %), then equally, trainees and video gamers (79.17 %). Four participants repeated the procedure at a follow-up session. Each participant improved cecal intubation time and had the same or higher polyp detection rate. The potential role for RC was identified for an out-of-hospital environment and as a novel diagnostic tool.
Conclusions Results from this pilot suggest that operators at all skill levels found the RC acceptable and potentially useful as a diagnostic tool. Acquisition of skills with RC seems to improve rapidly to a clinically relevant level with simulation-based training
Treatment of refractory post-esophagectomy anastomotic esophageal strictures using temporary fully covered esophageal metal stenting compared to repeated bougie dilation: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kappelle W. , van Hooft J. , Spaander M. , Vleggaar F. , Bruno M. , Maluf-Filho F. , Bogte A. , van Halsema E. , Siersema P. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMS) provide an alternative to bougie dilation (BD) for refractory benign esophageal strictures. Controlled studies comparing temporary placement of FCSES to repeated BD are not available.
Patients and methods Patients with refractory anastomotic esophageal strictures, dysphagia scores ≥ 2, and two to five prior BD were randomized to 8 weeks of FCSEMS or to repeated BD. The primary endpoint was the number of BD during the 12 months after baseline treatment.
Results Eighteen patients were included (male 67 %, median age 66.5; 9 received metal stents, 9 received BD). Technical success rate of stent placement and stent removal was 100 %. Recurrent dysphagia occurred in 13 patients (72 %) during follow-up. No significant difference was found between the stent and BD groups for mean number of BD during follow-up (5.4 vs. 2.4, P = 0.159), time to recurrent dysphagia (median 36 days vs. 33 days, Kaplan-Meier: P = 0.576) and frequency of reinterventions per month (median 0.3 vs. 0.2, P = 0.283). Improvement in quality of life score was greater in the stent group compared to the BD group at month 12 (median 26 % vs. 4 %, P = 0.011).
Conclusions The current data did not provide evidence for a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the number of BD during the 12 months after initial treatment. Metal stenting offers greater improvement in quality of life from baseline at 12 months compared to repeated BD for patients with refractory anastomotic esophageal strictures.