bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photometrical Determination of the State-of-Charge in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Part I: In Combination with Potentiometric Titration
Authors: Geiser Jan , Natter Harald , Hempelmann Rolf , Morgenstern Bernd , Hegetschweiler Kaspar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The stepwise oxidation of vanadium ions in electrolytes, as used in all vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), is studied offline by a combination of potentiometric titration and simultaneous UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy. Eight different total vanadium concentrations between 0.2 mol L−1 and 1.6 mol L−1 have been investigated. The analyte (titrand, V2+ solution) is the anolyte (V2+/V3+ side) of a fully charged laboratory vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Absorption maxima are observed at λ = 850 nm for V2+ and at λ = 400 nm for V3+, the corresponding absorption coefficients are determined. In the former case an extrapolation procedure is necessary because during transfer from the VRFB to the titration cell, oxidation to V3+ by ambient oxygen cannot completely be avoided. Based on the knowledge of the absorption coefficients, via simultaneous photometry of V2+ and V3+, the state-of-charge of the anolyte of a VRFB can be determined. In the catholyte (V4+/V5+ side) of a VRFB the formation of an intermediate mixed valence VIV–VV complex at large vanadium concentration prevents a simple photometric SOC determination.
Does the preference for investment in local firms rise in turbulent times? Evidence from the portfolio of Joseph Frisch, private banker (1923–55)
Authors: Lehmann-Hasemeyer Sibylle , Neumayer Andreas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Using a unique historical source, we show that the bias towards local investments can – to a large extent – be explained by overall economic circumstances, the general performance of the market and the level of activity of the investor. We examine portfolio choices Stuttgart private banker Joseph Frisch made throughout his life and find that the preference for local shares was highest in times of insecurity, low returns and reduced investment activity. With higher returns, a stable and growing economy and more experience, the preference for local shares decreased.
«Moderne Vertriebswege»
Authors: Knake Sebastian 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Research on performance-related compensations of financial advisors has recently become a promising field within economics and sociology, because it can help explain portfolio choices of retail customers. However, the expansion of this field to historical contexts has so far been prevented by the lack of knowledge about the historical development of these schemes. The following article aims to fill this void by exploring the spread of performance-related compensation schemes among banks and insurance companies in West Germany in the 1970s and 1980s. It is argued that this spread has been closely linked to a reform of the Federal Government system of savings subsidies in 1970. This reform led to a fierce competition between insurance companies and banks for wealth formation savings payments (vermögenswirksame Leistungen). In this article, it is argued that the characteristics of this particular state-subsidized market led to a significant advantage of financial institutions that used performance-related compensation schemes over those who did not. Thus, the latter institutions had to adopt these schemes to stay competitive. In the 1980s, banks as well as insurance companies expanded the application of compensation schemes that were originally designed for the market of wealth formation savings payments to other markets for financial products and services. Thus, the principles of competition on wealth formation savings payments were adopted to the general market for household savings.
Shrinkage Behavior of Cementitious Mortars Mixed with Seawater
Authors: Khatibmasjedi Morteza , Ramanthan Sivakumar , Suraneni Prannoy , Nanni Antonio 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The shrinkage behavior of cementitious materials mixed with seawater is investigated. Cement mortar mixtures were prepared with two water-to-cementitious materials ratios (w/cm = 0.36 and 0.45), two binder compositions (namely, ordinary portland cement (OPC) and OPC with 20 % fly ash replacement), and two types of water (tap water and seawater). The autogenous and drying shrinkage behavior of these mixtures are examined using ASTM standard test methods for 65 days. The use of seawater as mixing water increased the autogenous shrinkage. At w/cm 0.36, the ultimate autogenous shrinkage increased from 213 μs in the mixture with tap water to 387 μs in the mixture with seawater; the corresponding values were 149 and 314 μs, respectively, for mixtures with w/cm 0.45. An acceleration of the cement hydration at early ages caused by the seawater is identified as the cause of the increase in autogenous shrinkage in mixtures with seawater. At w/cm 0.36, seawater did not have a strong effect on the drying shrinkage, and tested mixtures had ultimate drying shrinkage values between 543 and 663 μs. At w/cm 0.45, in mixtures without fly ash, ultimate drying shrinkage increased from 838 μs in the mixture with tap water to 1,027 μs in the mixture with seawater. In mixtures with fly ash, the ultimate drying shrinkage increased from 738 μs in the mixture with tap water to 1,370 μs in the mixture with seawater. The drastic increase in the drying shrinkage in mixtures containing fly ash and seawater at w/cm 0.45 seems to be due to changes in mass loss behavior and the development of a finer pore size distribution. In applications where drying shrinkage may be a concern, the use of fly ash in seawater-mixed concrete could be problematic and lead to increased cracking risk. While the trends observed here will also hold in concrete, quantifying drying shrinkage and cracking of concrete based on the drying shrinkage of mortar mixtures is complex and depends on many other factors.
Life-Cycle Cost and Life-Cycle Assessment Analysis at the Design Stage of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Bridge in Florida
Authors: Cadenazzi Thomas , Dotelli Giovanni , Rossini Marco , Nolan Steven , Nanni Antonio 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
To support and promote the deployment of innovative technologies in infrastructure, it is fundamental to quantify their implications in terms of both economic and environmental impacts. Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars and Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strands are validated corrosion-resistant solutions for Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Prestressed Concrete (PC) structures. Studies on the performance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) reinforcement in seawater and salt-contaminated concrete have been conducted and show that the technology is a viable solution. Nevertheless, the economic and environmental implications of FRP-RC/PC deployment have not been fully investigated. This article deals with the Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) and Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) analyses of an FRP-RC/PC bridge in Florida. The bridge is designed to be entirely reinforced with FRP bars and strands and does not include any Carbon Steel (CS) reinforcement. Furthermore, the deployment of seawater concrete in some of the elements of the bridge is considered. LCC and LCA analyses are performed at the design stage. Data regarding equipment, labor rates, consumables, fuel consumption, and disposal were collected during the construction phase, and the analysis was refined accordingly. The FRP-RC/PC bridge design is compared with a traditional CS-RC/PC alternative. Salient differences are discussed to determine the least-impactful solution from both an economic and environmental perspective.
Comparison of Surface Treatments for Secondarily Bonded Joints of Marine Grade Composites
Authors: Tomlinson Scott M. , Lopez-Anido Roberto A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Secondarily bonded joints will be required for large, &gt;50 m, modularly constructed composite hull vessels, as opposed to the primary single infusion currently used in smaller hulls. The objective of this study is to characterize the experimental response of and provide documentation for the use of E-glass fiber and epoxy resin composite secondarily bonded joints fabricated using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding and surface treatment methods common in modular marine construction. Primary single infusion benchmark joints are compared to secondarily bonded joints using four surface treatments: polyamide release-treated peel ply fabric, polyester peel ply fabric, isopropyl alcohol cleaning agent, and acetone cleaning agent. The experimental methods used to compare the surface treatment methods consist of two measuring apparent strength, single lap shear, and cleavage peel experimentation, and one measuring Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness, using the double cantilever beam experimental method. The investigation results concerning the surface treatments indicate the use of polyester peel ply over polyamide peel ply and isopropyl alcohol over acetone as a surface cleaning agent. The investigation concerning the experimentation methods indicates the acceptable use of a single-sided lap shear to determine statistically significant variations between surface treatments. Single primary infusion joints showed less variation and higher characteristic values than secondarily bonded joints.
Multisensory Neurons in the Primate Amygdala
Authors: Morrow Jeremiah , Mosher Clayton , Gothard Katalin 
Published: March 2019

Animals identify, interpret, and respond to complex, natural signals that are often multisensory. The ability to integrate signals across sensory modalities depends on the convergence of sensory inputs at the level of single neurons. Neurons in the amygdala are expected to be multisensory because they respond to complex, natural stimuli, and the amygdala receives inputs from multiple sensory areas. We recorded activity from the amygdala of 2 male monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in response to visual, tactile, and auditory stimuli. Although the stimuli were devoid of inherent emotional or social significance and were not paired with rewards or punishments, the majority of neurons that responded to these stimuli were multisensory. Selectivity for sensory modality was stronger and emerged earlier than selectivity for individual items within a sensory modality. Modality and item selectivity were expressed via three main spike-train metrics: (1) response magnitude, (2) response polarity, and (3) response duration. None of these metrics were unique to a particular sensory modality; rather, each neuron responded with distinct combinations of spike-train metrics to discriminate sensory modalities and items within a modality. The relative proportion of multisensory neurons was similar across the nuclei of the amygdala. The convergence of inputs of multiple sensory modalities at the level of single neurons in the amygdala rests at the foundation for multisensory integration. The integration of visual, auditory, and tactile inputs in the amygdala may serve social communication by binding together social signals carried by facial expressions, vocalizations, and social grooming.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur brain continuously decodes information detected by multiple sensory systems. The emotional and social significance of the incoming signals is likely extracted by the amygdala, which receives input from all sensory domains. Here we show that a large portion of neurons in the amygdala respond to stimuli from two or more sensory modalities. The convergence of visual, tactile, and auditory signals at the level of individual neurons in the amygdala establishes a foundation for multisensory integration within this structure. The ability to integrate signals across sensory modalities is critical for social communication and other high-level cognitive functions.
TSD: A Computational Tool To Study the Complex Structural Variants Using PacBio Targeted Sequencing Data
Authors: Meng Guofeng , Tan Ying , Fan Yue , Wang Yan , Yang Guang , Fanning Gregory , Qiu Yang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
PacBio sequencing is a powerful approach to study DNA or RNA sequences in a longer scope. It is especially useful in exploring the complex structural variants generated by random integration or multiple rearrangement of endogenous or exogenous sequences. Here, we present a tool, TSD, for complex structural variant discovery using PacBio targeted sequencing data. It allows researchers to identify and visualize the genomic structures of targeted sequences by unlimited splitting, alignment and assembly of long PacBio reads. Application to the sequencing data derived from an HBV integrated human cell line(PLC/PRF/5) indicated that TSD could recover the full profile of HBV integration events, especially for the regions with the complex human-HBV genome integrations and multiple HBV rearrangements. Compared to other long read analysis tools, TSD showed a better performance for detecting complex genomic structural variants. TSD is publicly available at: https://github.com/menggf/tsd.
A 2015-ben és 2016-ban vastag- és végbélműtéten átesett daganatos betegek adatainak vizsgálata matematikai-statisztikai modellel
Authors: Benedek Zsófia 
Published: March 2019

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze the data of the open and laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgeries countrywide in an administrative database of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary in 2015–2016. Aim: Hungarian surgical data of colorectal cancer from 2015–2016 were analyzed based on the following objectives: diagnosis of care, complications and co-morbidities; age; sex and medical institutions. Method: We used crosstabs and partial least squares path modeling to analyze the relations between data groups. Results of three LVPLS models (group of open, laparoscopic interventions and the whole population of the survey) were compared. Results: From the 4941 analyzed operative cases, 4562 were open and 379 laparoscopic. Based on the three LVPLS models, we found nexus between complication groups and co-morbidity groups and progressivity of medical institutions in laparoscopic operations. As far as complications, in the laparoscopic model bleeding and anaemia, in cases of total population and open operations septic complications played dominant role. Conclusions: Laparoscopic resections in patients with multiple co-morbidities are carried out in medical institutions with high professional progressivity most frequently. In cases of laparoscopic colorectal operations, the higher the progressivity of an institution, the lower the complication rate was. Differences in the results in the models may be due to patient selection, and further research should be carried out in this regard. Anaemia and bleeding are dominant complication factors in the laparoscopic model, which are influenced by patient selection besides the differenced in surgical technique. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(11): 426–434.
Influence of concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on left ventricular-arterial interaction in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Myasoedova E. I. , Schwarz Yu. G. , Polunina O. S. , Voronina L. P. 
Published: March 2019

Aim. To assess the influence of concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on the parameters of left ventricular-arterial interaction in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP).Material and methods. We examined 130 patients with ICMP and 42 patients with ICMP and COPD. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography using the MyLab 70 (Italy) according standard method, followed by calculation of the left ventricular-arterial interaction and left ventricular (LV) energy. Statistical data processing was performed using the program “Statistica 12.0” (Stat Soft, Inc., USA).Results. We found that patients with isolated ICMP and in combination with COPD often have a functional imbalance between the activity of LV and arterial system, as evidenced by an increase in the left ventricular-arterial interaction ratio. The increase in the left ventricular-arterial interaction ratio is due to an insufficient increase in left ventricular stiffness, but not a change in the elastic properties of the arterial system. This is indicated by a pronounced decrease in left ventricular elasticity against the background of the relative constancy of arterial elasticity. At the same time, in patients with ICMP and COPD we detected significantly more severe impairment in the parameters of left ventricular-arterial interaction and LV energy than in isolated pathology.Conclusion. The presence of COPD in patients with ICMP allows us to consider it as a significant negatively modifying factor that has a negative impact on the functionality of LV and parameters of left ventricular-arterial interaction.
Features of chronic heart failure depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Dushina A. G. , Lopina E. A. , Libis R. A. 
Published: March 2019

Aim.To assess clinical and demographic data, structural and functional features of the myocardium in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with a preserved ejection fraction in comparison with patients with CHF with an intermediate (CHF-inEF) and a reduced ejection fraction (CHF-rEF).Material and methods. The study included 186 patients with CHF I-IIB stages, I-III functional classes. One hundred and three patients had a preserved ejection fraction (EF) (≥50%), 43 — intermediate (40-49%) and 40 — reduced (<40%). All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical examination, as well as standard echocardiography.Results.Among patients with CHF-rEF, remodeling of the left ventricular myocardium by the type of concentric hypertrophy was more often observed (69,9%), and among CHF-inEF and CHF-nEF patients — by the type of eccentric hypertrophy (88,4 and 875%, respectively). Restrictive diastolic dysfunction was observed in 2,0% of patients with CHF-rEF and in 21,7% of patients with EF less than 50%.Conclusion.The severity of the clinical course of CHF does not depend on the left ventricular EF. Epidemiology and etiology of CHF-rEF has fundamental differences from CHF-inEF and CHF-nEF: CHF-rEF is more common among women over 60 years old with arterial hypertension and obesity. For patients with CHF-inFV, myocardial remodeling by the type of concentric hypertrophy and the prevalence of non-restrictive types of diastolic dysfunction are characteristic.
C-reactive protein evaluation in communityacquired pneumonia with comorbid chronic heart failure as criterion of antibiotic prescription
Authors: Bobylev A. A. , Rachina S. A. , Avdeev S. N. , Kozlov R. S. , Mladov V. V. 
Published: March 2019

Aim.To prove that diagnostic algorithm based on additional measurement of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) for administration of systemic antibacterial therapy (ABT) to patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and concomitant chronic heart failure (CHF) does not influence outcomes of disease.Materials and methods.This open, single-center, randomized, prospective, noninferiority study included 160 adult patients with documented functional class II–IV CHF who had been admitted with a preliminary diagnosis of non-severe CAP. Patients were randomized at 1:1 to two groups; group 1 – with additional measurement of CRP (n=80) and group 2 – with the use of routine diagnostic methods (n=80). In group 1, systemic ABT was administered only when serum CRP was >28.5 mg / l (threshold level of the biomarker calculated at the previous stage of the study); group 2 received a standard treatment. Noninferiority test result for both algorithms was evaluated by the number of patients with clinical success on days 12–14 (primary endpoint). Non-inferiority margin was δ=–13.5 %. In addition secondary endpoints (early clinical response on days 3–5; early in-hospital adverse events (development of complications; admission to intensive care unit (ICU); death), death, recurrent CAP or CHF worsening with readmission at 28 day; mortality at 90 and 180 days) were estimated. Standard statistical tools were used for all intergroup comparisons.Results:76 patients of each group reached the primary endpoint. Systemic ABT was administered to 51 (67.1 %) patients in group 1 and 76 (100 %) patients in group 2 (p<0.05). Both groups were comparable (p>0.05) regarding all endpoints: clinical success, 70 (92.1 %) vs. 69 (90.8 %), Δ=1.3 % (one-sided 97.5 % CI: – 8.25 % for non-inferiority margin δ=–13.5 %); early clinical response, 66 (86.8 %) vs. 68 (89.5 %); admission to ICU, 1 (1.3 %) vs. 1 (1.3 %); development of complications, 20 (26.3 %) vs. 22 (28.9 %); readmission, 5 (6.6 %) vs. 6 (7.9 %); in-hospital mortality, 2 (2.6 %) vs. 1 (1.3 %), mortality at 28 day, 3 (3.9 %) vs. 2 (2.6 %), at 90 day, 5 (6.6 %) vs. 4 (5.3 %), at 180 day, 8 (10.5 %) vs. 9 (11.8 %) cases, respectively.Conclusion:additional measurement of serum CRP in patients with CHF and suspected non-severe CAP was able to reduce rate of systemic ABT administration without outcomes and prognosis worsening.
Placental location and development of preeclampsia: a longitudinal study
Authors: Priyadarshini Ananya , Upreti Purnima , Nautiyal Ruchira , Goyal Mamta 
Published: March 2019

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A number of pregnant women suffer from it after 20 weeks of their pregnancy. The study was designed to know the association between location of placenta and the development of preeclampsia in pregnant women. the purpose of the study is to determine the incidence of lateral location of placenta and to study the relation between placental location and development of preeclampsia.Methods: A prospective study conducted on pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic of SRHU Hospital over period of 12 months. The study was hospital based longitudinal study with a sample size of 100 cases presenting over a period of 12 months in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department. Simple Random Sampling was used for random selection of antenatal case at 18 to 24 weeks gestation with singleton pregnancy, after taking written consent and agreeing for follow-up till delivery.Results: Out of the total 100 cases taken for the study, there were 68 cases of lateral placenta and 32 cases of central placenta. Most of the cases belonged to middle class living in urban areas. The development of preeclampsia is mainly due to mineral deficiency and high systolic BP.Conclusions: In present study, 48.5% patients with lateral placenta and 46.9% with central placenta developed pre-eclampsia. There was a significant association that was found between laterality of placenta and development of PIH. The laterally located placenta is associated with increased risk of developing preeclampsia. Therefore, looking for placental laterality at the time of a mandatory antenatal ultrasound scanning (level II) may serve as a non-invasive test to predict pre-eclampsia.
Funções dos Tutores Presenciais na Educação a Distância
Authors: Lemos Suyane de Souza , Pasquetto Rodrigo Giliardi 
Published: March 2019

O estudo apresenta uma investigação do papel do tutor presencial como elemento importante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O tutor precisa ter sua função, sua prática, seu papel compreendido e estudado. Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o tutor presencial no contexto de educação a distância buscando responder à seguinte questão norteadora: quais as principais funções do tutor presencial no processo de ensino-aprendizagem? O estudo revelou reflexões acerca das principais funções, que são favorecer a habilidade de trabalhar em grupo, promover a cooperação entre os alunos e estimular a interação entre os grupos, com o objetivo de incentivar os alunos a enfrentar as dificuldades presentes nessa modalidade de ensino, além de acompanhamento, orientação da aprendizagem e supervisão do processo de avaliação.
Palavras-chave: Tutoria presencial. Educação a distância. Aprendizagem.