bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problemy związane z deﬁnicją lasu w polskim systemie prawnym
Authors: Bujny Jędrzej , Mądry Tymoteusz 
Published: September 2018

The article touches upon the controversies around the deﬁ nition of a forest contained in the provision of Article 3 of the Act of 28 September 1991 on forests, present in the doctrine as well as in judicial decisions in administrative law. The interpretation of the above provision is analysed and the views presented in the doctrine and the judicial rulings, which sometimes include contradicting arguments, are examined. In the ﬁ rst part of the article individual elements of the deﬁ nition of a forest have been identiﬁ ed and the diffi culties with their interpretation that have led to the emergence of a vast number of judicial decisions and rulings delivered by administrative courts as well as the Supreme Court have been presented. The second part contains deliberations on the importance of the data included in the land and buildings register and their potential use for the classiﬁ cation of land as a forest on the grounds of concrete administrative proceedings, including these on tax matters. In this context the normative value of the provisions of the Act of 17 May 1989: Geodetic and Cartographic Law and individual tax laws making these data binding and applicable has been examined as well. Also this latter issue generates frequently diverging opinions expressed by administrative courts. The last part of the paper contains de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates intended to reconcile the presented controversies connected with the classiﬁ cation of individual land as forest. The authors hope that implementation of these postulates will contribute to the uniﬁ cation of the judiciary opinions regarding the concept of a forest and consequently will help to eliminate the existing doubts.
Pre-Disaster Established Trust and Relationships: Two Major Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Implementing the ICS
Authors: Chang Ray , Trainor Joseph 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Since the establishment of the Incident Command System (ICS), many discussions have centered on its design, using the failure or success of disaster response to evaluate the effectiveness of this system. However, even prior to implementation, there are certain pre-conditions that must be first satisfied by responders. Two major factors underlying these pre-conditions, that strongly influence the eventual design and consequent functioning of the ICS, are pre-disaster established trust and relationships. This research utilizes qualitative methods to explore the importance of pre-disaster established trust and relationships in the implementation of the ICS. Twenty-eight in-depth qualitative interviews were completed and analyzed. From looking at how ICS users make a variety of different decisions regarding the establishment of the incident command, the setting up of overall response goals and objectives, the implementation of the Incident Action Plan, the selection of new ICS leaders, and the working arrangements made with volunteers, it can be observed that relationship and trust are two very important factors that dictate the successful implementation of the ICS. Based on this analysis, three conclusions could be drawn in this research: (1) any thorough evaluation of the ICS should also include an analysis of any existing pre-conditions, (2) future ICS training should cover strategies to build relationships and trust between response organizations, and (3) additional research should be conducted to understand other factors that influence the implementation of the ICS at scene of disaster.
Pain self-efficacy moderates the association between pain and somatization in a community sample
Authors: Karkkola Petri , Sinikallio Sanna , Flink Niko , Honkalampi Kirsi , Kuittinen Matti 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Pain is a common condition. However, only a minority of people experiencing pain develop a chronic pain problem. Factors such as somatization, pain self-efficacy and lack of psychological well-being affect the risk of pain chronicity and pain-related disability. However, research on protective pain-related psychological factors in populations without chronic pain is scarce. We aim to examine if pain self-efficacy attenuates the associations between pain and both anxiety and somatization in a community sample.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, 211 participants from a community sample responded to measures of average pain over the last 3 months, anxiety, somatization, and pain self-efficacy. The possibility of moderation effects were tested with a series of regression analyses.

Results
The association between pain and anxiety was not moderated by pain self-efficacy. In contrast, pain self-efficacy moderated the relation of pain and somatization. The interaction explained 3% of the variance in somatization, in addition to the independent effects of pain and self-efficacy (F(1,207)=5.65, p<0.025). Among those in the bottom quartile of pain self-efficacy, the association between pain and somatization was moderate or strong (r=0.62, p<0.01), whereas for those in the top quartile the association was modest (r=0.11, p>0.05).

Conclusions
The results are partly consistent with the hypothesis that pain self-efficacy attenuates the associations between pain and pain chronification risk factors in a relatively healthy community sample. Should further preferably longitudinal studies replicate the findings, the role pain self-efficacy as a protective factor needs to be explicated in theoretical models of pain chronification.

Implications
The findings are consistent with the notion that clinicians should promote patient’s pain self-efficacy in acute and sub-acute pain conditions especially when the individual is prone to somatization. However, more prominent clinical implications require studies with longitudinal designs.
DFT Calculation of Rhodium-Doped Silver Bromide Crystals: Defect Structures, Photoelectric Property and EPR
Authors: Wu Li-Na , Wu Shao-Yi , Zhang Li-Juan , Liu Xu-Sheng , Zhang Gao-Jun 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
AgBr crystals containing impurity Rh2+ with and without a next nearest neighbor silver vacancy (VAg) in the [001] axis are theoretically studied. The defect structures, bandgap, Mulliken charge, density of states, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra are analysed for two distinct (i.e. tetragonally elongated and compressed) centres by using density functional theory calculations. The results demonstrate that the structural, photoelectric and spectroscopic properties of AgBr are significantly changed after Rh substitution. The covalency of Rh-Br bonds in the two centres is stronger than that of pure AgBr according to the larger magnitudes of the overlap population. Compared to pure AgBr, Rh doping also results in significantly enhanced red shifts of absorption bands in the UV-Vis region and some new d-d transitions in the visible and near-infrared regions. Meanwhile, the bandgap of Rh-doped AgBr is about 10 % narrower than that of pure AgBr. As a result, the visible light activity may be enhanced in AgBr:Rh systems. Rh dopants can induce the magnetic moments of about 1.73 μB for both centres. Therefore, transition-metal Rh dopants may effectively modulate the electronic, optical and magnetic properties of AgBr.
Incidence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Over 37 Years in Ireland
Authors: McGrath Niamh , Hawkes Colin P. , McDonnell Ciara M. , Cody Declan , O’Connell Susan M. , Mayne Philip D. , Murphy Nuala P. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is one of the most common preventable causes of learning disability. Newborn screening with whole-blood thyroid-stimulating hormone measurements was introduced in the Republic of Ireland in 1979 and is coordinated from a single center with an unchanged protocol since its inception. Our objective in this study was to describe the incidence of CHT in the Republic of Ireland over the past 37 years in the context of a complete national population and an unchanged screening protocol.

METHODS:
The newborn screening records of all individuals who were diagnosed with CHT between 1979 and 2016 were reviewed. Infants with positive screening results had a whole-blood thyroid-stimulating hormone value of ≥15 mU/L at 72 to 120 hours of life; values of 8 to 15 mU/L required a repeat whole-blood screening test.

RESULTS:
Of 2 361 174 infants who were screened between July 1979 and December 2016, 1063 (662 girls) were diagnosed with CHT (incidence: 0.45 cases per 1000 live births). The number of detected cases increased from 0.27 cases per 1000 live births treated between 1979 and 1991 to 0.41 cases per 1000 live births treated between 1992 and 2004 to 0.65 cases per 1000 live births treated between 2005 and 2016. The increase in detected cases of CHT was predominantly in the normal or hyperplastic gland category.

CONCLUSIONS:
The incidence of CHT has increased significantly in the Republic of Ireland over the past 37 years despite a consistent screening cutoff. The increased rate was not explained by an increased survival rate of preterm infants or a changing population heterogeneity.
COSTA RICA SIN FRONTERAS #16
Authors: Aragon-Vargas Luis Fernando 
Published: September 2018

En esta sección se publican los resúmenes en español de artículos que han sido publicados por investigadoras/es de universidades costarricenses en otras revistas en el mundo, con su debida referencia al trabajo original, y con una breve explicación de dónde se realizó la investigación. Los artículos originales han sido publicados en otros idiomas; las revistas tienen consejo editorial y manejan un proceso de revisión por pares. Los resúmenes corresponden a estudios relacionados con las ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, que se conforman a los criterios generales de la revista, esto es, se trata de “... estudios experimentales o que hagan recomendaciones concretas para solucionar problemas o preguntas relevantes (...) trabajos originales o de meta-análisis.” Solicitamos a quienes hayan publicado este tipo de trabajos en otros idiomas que no los hagan saber, para incluir sus resúmenes en futuras entregas de esta sección
Inflammation markers in coronary heart disease patients with aortic valve stenosis
Authors: Afansieva O. I. , Tmojan N. A. , Klesareva E. A. , Razova O. A. , Afanasieva M. A. , Burdeynaya А. L. , Saidova M. A. , Ezhov M. V. , Pokrovsky S. N. 
Published: September 2018

Raised level of lipoproteide (a) (Lpa) is an independent risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and is also a monogenic predictor (there is growth of prevalence) of aortic stenosis (AS) with the increase of Lpa in population. Lysophosphatide acid, secreted by an enzyme with phospholipase D activity — autotaxin (ATX) is an inflammatory mediator. Humoral immunity involvement in inflammatory processes in coronary arteries and aortic valve might present with the presence of circulating autoantibodies and shifts in the values of cellular immunity.Aim.To assess the relation of Lpa, ATX and immunity with the presence of AS in chronic CHD patients.Material and methods.To a single moment study, 210 patients were included, with chronic CHD. Patients were selected to two groups by the presence (main group, n=47) or absence (controls, n=163) of degenerative AS by echocardiography. Patients were taking standard CHD therapy. All patients underwent clinical blood count, lipids concentration and Lpa. ATX, C-reactive protein, autoantibodies to ApoB-100 lipoproteides and their Cu2+-oxidated modifications. Phenotypes of apoprotein (a) were assessed in 168 patients.Results.CHD patients with degenerative AS were older (74,2±7,8 versus 67,6±9,4 y., p=0,0007), but did not differ by the clinical and biochemical characteristics, level of Lpa and high sensitive С-reactive protein (hsCRP). Concentration of АТХ in plasma was significantly higher (554±95 and 497±105 ng/mL, p=0,001), but the level of IgM autoantibodies against the oxidated lipoproteid (а) (oxLpa) — significantly lower (10,8 [7,9;15,1] and 13,4 [11,4;16,7] relative units, p<0,001) in the main group comparing to control. Neutrophilic-lymphocytal index also differed significantly in the AS group and non-AS (2,04 [1,56;3,14] and 1,72 [1,39;2,14]). By the results of logistic analysis, the age, level of ATX, titer of autoantibodies to oxLpa and neutrophilic-limphocytal index were significant independent predictors of the degenerative AS.Conclusion.In the patients with chronic CHD, undergoing statin therapy, the levels of ATX, autoantiboides IgM against the oxLpa and relation of neutrophils to lymphocytes, but not the concentration of Lpa and low molecular phenotype of apo(a), were related to AS presence.
Risk assessment score for drug eluting stent restenosis
Authors: Gabbasov Z. A. , Melnikov I. S. , Byazrova S. V. , Kozlov S. G. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. To evaluate most significant risk factors of stent restenosis in coated stents, to develop a logistic model and invent prediction score of restenosis for real clinical practice application.Material and methods. Totally, 126 patients included, age 40 to 75 y. o. with chronic coronary heart disease, who had undergone repeated coronary arteriography within 6 to 12 month after percutaneous intervention with drug eluting stents implantation. Patients were selected to 2 groups: with restenosis (n=53) and with the none (n=73). Assessment of 35 clinical, laboratory and angiographic properties was done with logistic regression analysis.Results. There were 4 main risk factors found for restenosis risk: type 2 diabetes, low diameter of stented artery (<2,75 mm), number of simultaneously implanted stents and increased rate of neutrophil to lymphocyte numbers. A logistic model was built that combinates the parameters. ROC-analysis showed high predictive value of the model (square under curve ROC 0,78, p<0,001). Based on the logistic model, a score was invented for prediction of restenosis probability for clinical practice introduction.Conclusion. The proposed score shows high predictive power and is easy in use, that make it suitable for clinical practice in assessment of the risk of coated stents restenosis.
Main predictors of in-hospital adverse outcomes in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome patients with multivessel disease
Authors: Neverova Yu. N. , Tarasov R. S. , Nagirnyak O. A. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. To evaluate the range of risk factors associated with adverse cardiovascular events onset in hospital period of follow-up in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) with multivessel disease (MD).Material and methods. To the study, under the framework of prospective, single-center registry, the NSTEACS and MD patients were included. Depending on the strategy of revascularization, three groups were selected: staged PCI, coronary bypass (CBG) and PCI as the first with CBG as the second stage. As adverse cardiovascular events, the following were taken: death, myocardial infarction, stroke or transient cerebral ishemia, clinically significant bleeding by BARC, repeat nonscheduled revascularization of target vessel. Results. Analysis revealed the groups of factors increasing the probability of adverse cardiovascular events. Those are: (1) clinical and demographic — older age, diabetes, postinfarction cardiosclerosis, multifocal atherosclerosis, chronic renal failure; (2) coronary and surgical — left main stem lesion, severe atherosclerosis by SYNTAX Score, high surgical risk by EuroScore II, revascularization strategy; (3) predominance of low or moderate risk by GRACE comparing with high risk.Conclusion. The results have confirmed high predictional significance of clinical and demography and coronary factors for development of adverse cardiovascular diseases. A significant finding of the study was the fact that in a hospital with surgery and endovascular treatment available 24/7, the intermediate and low GRACE risk in NSTEACS and MD is a factor of adverse cardiovascular events development due to revascularization delays if the risk is not high.
Determinantes de la generación de residuos sólidos en diez municipios representativos del departamento de Cundinamarca, 2007-2012
Authors: Usaquén Chía Martha Inés , Sánchez Muñoz Maria del Pilar 
Published: September 2018

La presente investigación busca establecer los principales determinantes de la generación de residuos sólidos en diez municipios representativos del departamento de Cundinamarca, con más de 2.500 suscriptores, para el período 2007-2012, a partir de la información obtenida del Sistema Único de Información (SUI), de la Superintendencia de Servicios Públicos domiciliarios (SSPD), así como de la información estadística registrada por el DANE, la CAR Cundinamarca, alcaldías municipales y estudios relacionados, principalmente. Se presenta la caracterización de los municipios con variables asociadas con el manejo de residuos sólidos y se utiliza un modelo de datos panel para estimar la relación existente entre la cantidad de residuos sólidos ordinarios per cápita y algunas variables explicativas. Se concluye que la tasa de cobertura en educación primaria, la actividad turística y el porcentaje de población ubicada en el área urbana son variables estadísticamente significativas para explicar la generación de residuos sólidos en los municipios analizados.
El consumidor infantil en Villavicencio Colombia
Authors: Otero Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo Pérez Wilson 
Published: September 2018

This article describes some behaviors in infants supported in the perception of money, consumption practices and the factors that influence children in their role as consumers. It is based on a qualitative study conducted in the city of Villavicencio (Colombia) in children with ages from 5 to 9 years old of low and middle levels in the social scale. The results reveal that the social environment and cultural practices of each family are crucial for the behavior of the child consumer.
The phytochemical diversity and product quality of shea butter present confounding factors to product standardization in research
Authors: Masters Eliot T. 
Published: September 2018

Muoghalu et al, describe the anti-inflammatory activity of whole unrefined shea butter in an animal model. This study is important because shea butter extracts have promising characteristics for treating inflammatory disorders. However, the authors did not appropriately characterise the concentration of the specific bioactive compounds identified from their literature review prior to their in vivo studies. This lack of characterisation limits ability to extrapolate the important anti-inflammatory findings more broadly.
PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND THEIR TRANSLATION IN «PRUSSIAN OFFICER» BY D.H. LAWRENCE
Authors: Gololobova N. I. 
Published: September 2018

The main goal of the article is the analysis of phraseological units found in «The Prussian Officer» by D.H. Lawrence, including phraseological units (here and after referred to as «PU») with author’s modifications, and review of translation of these PUs from English into Russian. The article begins with the description of one of the leading motives in works of D.H. Lawrence, brief introductory comments on the novel «The Prussian officer», researcher’s findings concerning the character of the PUs and reasons for their selection. In the main body of the article, there is the survey of PUs found in the novel. The total number of reviewed PUs is 40. The PUs are studied with the aim to find out as to whether the author’s modifications are in place according to the classification of the leading representatives of the Kazan linguistic school. Further on, there is a review of the classification of the major methods of translation of PU including those with the author’s transformations and without them. After that, every single act of selected PU’s translation is investigated. Maria Koreneva (the official translator) performed the translation under review. And, finally, in the end of the article the conclusion is drawn, considering the fact that PU and its modifications present a challenge to translators of fiction. As for the translation of the studied PU it was proved that despite of the presence of some inaccuracies in the translation into the Russian language, on the whole, the Russian translation of the novel is a good one.
ABOUT EXPERIMENTAL PROJECT TEACHING OF ENGLISH WRITING AND COMPOSITION WITH THE USE OF THE ACTIVE TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Nedbailik S. R. , Staton M. S. 
Published: September 2018

This paper deals with an experimental project method applying in teaching English writing and composition in an American higher school. The authors describe their impressions of a joint research, started in the autumn of 2012 and having been carried out in Ball State University (Muncie, Indiana, USA) with several groups of scholars within three terms in the frame of ILS (Interactive Learning Space) multi-stage project. In this connection they touch upon such most problematic aspects as: interactive environment-enhanced writing and composition teaching specific aspects; project activity different forms and types using possibilities; collaborative projects implementing into educational practice advantages and problems; working out assignments, tasks and tests specially aimed at active, individual, personally oriented students, learning; modern computer equipment and digital devices, in particular, newest types applying, etc. The detailed statistical review of experiment project work results given in the article proves the effectiveness of research project methods use in teaching writing and composition in higher schools. Basing on the multi-aspect analysis of vast theoretical and practical material presented in the research the authors come to a well founded conclusion that teaching process general intensifying by means of newest interactive technologies mass introducing on all levels of modern education system can doubtlessly provide success, high results and good prospects of humanities and other subjects teaching on the whole, as well as their particular aspects practical learning.