bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation of Steel Quenching
Authors: Smoljan B. , Iljkić D. , Smokvina Hanza S. , Jokić M. , Štic L. , Borić A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to upgrade the mathematical modeling and computer simulation of steel quenching. Based on theoretical analyses of physical processes that exist in quenching systems, the mathematical model for steel quenching is established and computer software is developed. The mathematical model of steel quenching is focused on physical phenomena, such as heat transfer, phase transformations, mechanical properties, and generation of stresses and distortions. The numerical procedure of computer simulation of steel quenching is divided into three parts: numerical calculation of transient temperature field, numerical calculation of phase change, and numerical calculation of the mechanical behaviors of steel during quenching. The numerical procedure is based on the finite volume method. Physical properties that were included in the model, such as heat conductivity coefficient, heat capacity, and surface heat transfer coefficient, were obtained by the inversion method based on the Jominy test results. By the completed algorithm, 3-D situation problems, such as the quenching of complex cylinders, cones, spheres, etc., can be simulated. The established model of steel quenching can be successfully applied in the practical usage of quenching.
Surgical Treatment of Cardiac Myxomas: A 23-Case Experience
Authors: Gür Ali Kemal , Aykaç Mehmet Coşkun 
Published: September 2018

Objective: Although seen rarely compared to all tumors, cardiac tumors are tumors which may have a mortal course with possible complications. The most common cardiac tumor in adults is myxoma with its benign character. The results of cardiac tumors resected with open cardiac surgery in our center are reported in this study.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-three cardiac tumor patients electively operated on in our clinic between January 2010 and August 2017 were retrospectively included in the study. Information of the patients participating in the study were registered. The patients were between 25 and 67 years of age, and 18 were female (72.3%), and 5 were male (21.7%). The average age of the patients was 42.1 ± 8.9 years. Echocardiography was used for diagnosis in all patients. There was no common complaint for the patients, with the complaints changing according to tumor location. All patients were operated on by means of cardiopulmonary bypass with aortic cross-clamp and bicaval cannulation. Preoperative demographical characteristics and perioperative and postoperative data were registered for the patients and were evaluated statistically.
Results: Nineteen of the tumors (82.6%) were in the left atrium, and 4 were (17.4%) in the right atrium. Diameter of the tumors changed between 2.5 × 1.5 and 8.5 × 6.5 cm. The tumoral structure was resected together with the solid tissue located in its root in all patients operated on. Pericardial patch was used for 11 (47.8%), and primary closure was used for 12 (51.2%) of the defects. Early and late mortality was not observed in any patient.
Conclusion: To prevent possible complications of cardiac myxomas, they need to be resected together with the surrounding healthy tissue as soon as possible after the diagnosis. Cardiac myxomas can be operated on with a tolerable operation risk. Echocardiography should be made annually for any possible relapse after operation.
A Quality Improvement Initiative: Reducing Blood Culture Contamination in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: El Feghaly Rana E. , Chatterjee Jahnavi , Dowdy Kristin , Stempak Lisa M. , Morgan Stephanie , Needham William , Prystupa Kesha , Kennedy Marie 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Blood culture contamination is a safety and quality concern in children’s hospitals; it leads to increased unnecessary testing, admissions, antibiotic exposure, and cost. The standard benchmark for blood culture contamination is 3%. Our aim with the quality improvement project was to reduce the contamination rate at our children’s hospital from a mean of 2.85% to &lt;1.5% in 2 years.METHODS:After initial unit-specific efforts, we formed a multidisciplinary team, created a process map and a cause-and-effect analysis, sent out surveys to nurses, and created observation sheets used to identify problem areas and record the most common deviations during the collection process. We also standardized the blood culture collection protocol and reemphasized nurse education in person and with online modules. During our project, we noted that nurses were collecting 1 to 3 mL of blood on all children regardless of weight. We developed optimal weight-based blood volumes and, after educating ordering providers, we updated our electronic medical record to reflect appropriate volumes in the order.RESULTS:Despite a steady increase in the number of blood cultures collected at our children’s hospital, we were able to decrease the average contamination rate from 2.85% to 1.54%, saving the hospital an estimated average of $49 998 per month.CONCLUSIONS:By standardizing blood culture collection methods, optimizing blood volume, creating checklists, and reinforcing nurse education, we were able to develop a best practice for pediatric blood culture collection and reduce blood culture contamination to a sustainable low rate at our children’s hospital.
Conocimiento taxonómico de la familia Poaceae en México
Authors: Dávila Patricia , Mejia-Saulés Ma. Teresa , Soriano-Martínez Ana María , Herrera-Arrieta Yolanda 
Published: September 2018

Antecedentes La clasificación de la familia Poaceae ha cambiado a lo largo de los años, por la evolución de distintas áreas del conocimiento de la sistemática, tanto en sus aspectos teóricos como prácticos. La morfología y anatomía siguen siendo fuentes importantes de información taxonómica en las gramíneas. Sin embargo, en los últimos 20 años, los trabajos moleculares que buscan inferir la filogenia de los diferentes taxa, han dominado el escenario de la sistemática de la familia, lo que ha derivado en cambios y re-arreglos a todos los niveles taxonómicos. Objetivo: Realizar la revisión y actualización de la información taxonómica y geográfica de las Poaceae de México, presentando un listado de especies, en el que se señalan los taxa nativos, introducidos y endémicos, los logros alcanzados en el conocimiento del grupo, así como los retos que se habrán de enfrentar en el futuro para adelantar en el conocimiento de las gramíneas de México.Métodos: Se tomó como base de referencia el trabajo de Dávila et al . (2006). Se revisó tanto la literatura especializada disponible de 2006 a la fecha y distintas bases de datos nomenclaturales y taxonómicas. El trabajo también incluye la revisión de ejemplares de 29 herbarios entre 2006-2017. La lista de las especies se presenta con base en la clasificación de Soreng et al . (2015).Resultados: Se registran en México 11 subfamilias, 205 géneros, 1,216 especies y 207 categorías infraespecíficas. Se presenta el listado alfabético de las especies, resaltando su distribución a nivel estatal y en particular las endémicas e introducidas. Se incluye también la distribución de las especies a nivel estatal. Asimismo, se presentan los avances alcanzados en relación a los estudios de las diferentes subfamilias con diversos enfoques de estudio, tanto metodológicos como conceptuales, y los retos que se habrán de enfrentar en los próximos años.
HIV NEGATİF BİREYLERİN DENTAL FOLİKÜLLERINDE PATOLOJİK DEĞİŞİM RİSKİ AÇISINDAN HSV1, HSV2, HPV, HPV16, EBV VE HHV8 MARKIRLARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Keskin Tunç Serap , Eroğlu Cennet Neslihan , Şahin Sevinç 
Published: September 2018

Giriş:
Literatürde çeşitli virüslerin ağız kanserlerinin patogenezinde rol aldığı öne
sürülmektedir. Ancak bu konu henüz tam olarak açıklanamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı gömülü diş foliküllerinde olası prekanseröz viral markırların (HPV, HHV8,
HSV1, HSV2, and EBV) varlığının araştırılmasıdır.

Materyal
ve Metod: 18 yaşından büyük 100 gönüllü hasta araştırmaya
dahil edildi. Gömülü diş çekimi sonrasında diş folikülü çıkartılarak %10’luk
formaldehit içinde fikse edildi. Histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal
araştırma için HPV (HPV 8, HPV 11 ve HPV 18), p16 (HPV 16), HHV8, HSV1, HSV2,
EBV antikorlar kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca immünohistokimyasal sonuçların
klinikopatolojik veriler (yaş, cinsiyet ve sigara içme durumu) ile ilişkisi
Ki-Kare Testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. 55 erkek ve 45 kadın araştırmaya dahil
edildi.

Bulgular:
Araştırmaya katılan hastaların yaşları 17-56 (ortalama:25) arasında
değişmekteydi. Histopatolojik olarak inflamasyon, granülasyon dokusu ve
psodöepitelyomatöz hiperplazi varlığı araştırıldı. Displazi veya neoplaziye
rastlanmadı. İmmünohistokimyasal boyamada p16 %62 oranında, EBV %32 oranında ve
HSV-1 %26 oranında pozitiflik saptanmıştır. Tüm vakalarda HPV, HSV-2 ve HHV-8
immünonegatiftir. Bu bilinen diş folikülünde HPV 16, EBV ve HSV1 varlığını gösteren ilk çalışmadır.

Sonuç:
Bu virüslerin gömülü diş foliküllerinde tropizmi göstermek için rezervuar
olarak işlev gördüklerini ileri sürebiliriz. Herhangi bir displazi veya neoplastik değişim tespit edilmemesine karşın
viral etkilerin (özellikle HPV16 ve EBV için) uzun süre gömülü kalan dişlerde
displazi ve neoplazm için tehdit olarak kabul edilebilir. Sonuç olarak
olası viral onkogenezi ve tümörgenezi önlemek için gömülü kalan dişlerin çekimi
yapılmalı ve sonrasında tüm foliküllerin histopatolojik incelenmesi
yapılmalıdır.
Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular polyacrylamide hydrogel and methylprednisolone acetate in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Issın Ahmet , Koçkara Nizamettin , Çamurcu İsmet Yalkın 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of intraarticular methylprednisolone acetate and an intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel in patients with different stages of knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and history of failed pharmacotherapy or physiotherapy interventions were included in this study. The first 64 consecutive patients got intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel, the latter 79 consecutive patients got intra-articular methylprednisolone acetate. Patients were evaluated by WOMAC score and self-assessment questions. Results: There was no statistically significance difference between groups when WOMAC scores and answers of self-assessment questions were compared. Conclusion: Intra-articular use of polyacrylamide hydrogel was not superior to methylprednisolone acetate, for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Clavicula morfometrisinin klinik önemi
Authors: Özşahin Esin , Erdem Hüseyin , Boyan Neslihan , Oğuz Özkan 
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Clavicula üst ekstremite ve gövde arasındaki kemik bağlantıdır. Bu çalışma, clavicula’nın anatomik yapısı ve morfometrik ölçümlerini belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada cinsiyeti belli olmayan yetişkin Anadolu insanına ait 66 adet clavicula (34 sol, 32 sağ) ölçülmüştür. Clavicula’nın; maksimum uzunluğu, orta noktasının çevresi, extremitas acromialis’in superior inferior ve anterior posterior kalınlığı, lateral sınırı ile linea trapezoidea orta noktası arası mesafe, impressio costoclavicularis maksimum uzunluğu, impressio costoclavicularis maksimum genişliği, fascies sternalis’in maksimum uzunluğu, fascies sternalis’in maksimum genişliği, fascies acromialis’in maksimum uzunluğu, fascies acromialis’in maksimum genişliği, konkav açı ölçülmüş ve ayrıca Robustness indeksi (dayanıklılık indeksi) hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Clavicula’nın; maksimum uzunluğu 136.19±13.41 mm; extremitas acromialis’in superior inferior kalınlığı 10.59±2.15 mm; extremitas acromialis’in anterior posterior kalınlığı 21.62±3.87 mm; lateral sınırı ile linea trapezoidea orta noktası arası mesafe 17.06±3.83 mm; impressio costoclavicularis maksimum uzunluğu 16.51±5.11 mm; impressio costoclavicularis maksimum genişliği 8.07±2.88 mm; fascies sternalis’in maksimum uzunluğu 16.58±3.22 mm; fascies sternalis’in maksimum genişliği 20.26±3.29 mm; fascies acromialis’in maksimum uzunluğu 9.10±2.55 mm; fascies acromialis’in maksimum genişliği 14.74±3.43 mm; konkav açı 139.43±8.25º; clavicula’nın orta noktasının çevresi 3.57±0.46 mm ölçülmüş ve ayrıca Robustness indeksi (dayanıklılık indeksi) 2.63±0.32 olarak hesaplanmıştır.Sonuç: Clavicula’nın anatomik yapısı ve morfometrik ölçümlerinin saptanması özellikle akut ayrışmış corpus clavicula kırıklarında ve claviculayı ilgilendiren diğer pek çok patolojilerde klinik açıdan önemlidir.
Mallory-Weiss Sendromunda Tanı, Klinik Seyir ve Endoskopik Tedavi
Authors: AKPINAR Muhammet Yener , KILIÇ Zeki Mesut Yalın , ÖZTAŞ Erkin , GÖKBULUT Volkan , KALKAN İsmail Hakkı , AKDOĞAN KAYHAN Meral , KAÇAR Sabite , GÖKCAN Hale , ÖZDERİN ÖZİN Yasemin , KAYAÇETİN Ertuğrul 
Published: September 2018

Giriş ve Amaç: Mallory-Weiss sendromu üst gastrointestinal sistem kanamalarının %1-4 kadarından sorumludur. Çoğu Mallory-Weiss sendromu spesifik endoskopik tedavi gerektirmeyen bir şekilde hafif kanama ile seyreder; bununla beraber bazı olgularda kanama abondan olabilir. Ülser kanamalarından farklı olarak Mallory-Weiss sendromunda endoskopik tedavi çok iyi standartize edilmemiştir. Biz bu çalışmamızda kendi olgularımızın demografik özelliklerini, uygulanılan endoskopik tedavileri ve hastaların klinik seyirlerini karşılaştırmayı hedefledik. Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Endoskopi ünitesinde 2010-2017 tarihleri arasında Mallory-Weiss sendromu tanısı almış hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 37 hasta (erkek/kadın: 29/8, yaş ortalaması: 63,4±19,4) dahil edildi. Bu hastaların Mallory-Weiss laserasyonu endoskopi esnasında oluşan hasta sayısı 15 olup hastaların 27 tanesinde aktif kanama belirtisi vardı. Primer hemostaz 25 hastada %92,5 sıklıkta izlendi. Aktif kanama belirtisi olan hastalara uygulanılan endoskopik tedaviler adrenalin enjeksiyonu, klips uygulaması, heater prob idi. Mallory-Weiss sendromu oluşumuna göre hastalar iatrojenik Mallory-Weiss sendromu olan ve olmayan hastalar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastanede yatış varlığı, eritrosit süspansiyonu verilme ihtiyacı, aktif kanama belirtisi varlığı, hiatal herni varlığı ve uygulanılan endoskopik tedaviler karşılaştırıldığında bu parametreler açısından gruplar arasında fark yoktu. Toplam 27 hastaya klips uygulaması yapılmıştı; bu hastaların 19 tanesine sadece klips uygulanırken 8 tanesine ise klips ile beraber adrenalin uygulaması yapıldı. Hastalarımızda mortalite izlenmedi. Sonuç: Mallory-Weiss sendromlu çoğu hasta klinik olarak benign seyir gösterse de bu hastaların şiddetli kanama ile beraber olacakları akılda tutulmalıdır. Hemoklipsler tedavide etkin ve güvenli bir endoskopik tedavi yöntemidir.
Yetişkin hastalarda Schatzki halkası: 3. basamak merkezi deneyimi
Authors: KAPLAN Mustafa , GÖKBULUT Volkan , COŞKUN Orhan , AKSOY Adem , ÖZTAŞ Erkin , KAYAÇETİN Ertuğrul 
Published: September 2018

Giriş
ve Amaç: Shatzki halkası özofagus alt kısmında lümeni halka
veya yüzük şeklinde daraltan yapılardır. Bu çalışmada Shatzki halkasının endoskopik
bulgular ve diğer hastalıklar ile ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Ocak
2014-Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında endoskopi yapılan hastaların kayıtları
incelenerek retrospektif olarak yapılmıştır. Toplamda 5.000 endoskopi kaydı
incelenmiş ve Shatzki halkası tespit edilen 104 hasta çalışmaya dahil
edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma popülasyonu 46 kadın (%44,2) ve 58 erkek (%55,8) erkek hasta olmak üzere 104 kişiden oluştu.
Hastaların ortalama yaşı 60,8±14,1 yıldı. Hastaların en sık başvuru
endikasyonları disfaji (%26), dispepsi (%38,5) ve karın ağrısı (%28,8) idi.
Endoskopi bulguları incelendiğinde hastaların %53,8’inde reflü özofajit,
%50’sinde hiatal herni tespit edildi. Özofageal divertikül %4,8, başka web %1,
özofageal ülser %5.7, özofageal polip %0,9, özofagus varisleri %1,9, özofagus
motilite bozuklukluğu (hipertrofik alt özofagus sfinkteri) %1,9 ve Barrett
özofagus %3,8 hastada tespit edildi. Hastaların %58’inde Helicobacter pylori, %19’unda demir eksikliği anemisi ve %5,7’sinde vitamin B12 eksikliği saptandı. Sonuç:
Shatzki
halkası aralıklı disfajinin önemli sebeplerinden biri olup reflü özofajit,
hiatal herni ve demir eksikliği anemisi ile birliktelik göstermektedir.
Neogarantismo en el sistema de riesgos laborales
Authors: Torres Tarazana Luis Alberto 
Published: September 2018

Comprehensive social security system development involves professional risk, today, workplace hazards, therefore, this article aims primarily to present to the academic community if such regulation contributes to the assurance of the system itself within a rule of law or otherwise deviates from its end.

To solve this modification yeah occupational hazards system responds to the application of neogarantismo?, Which will result in the application of the principie of universality must therefore be addressed the concept of risk as well as the changes caused by the 1562 law, 2012.
Cardioprotective effect of vitamin D and melatonin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rat model: an electrocardiographic, scintigraphic and biochemical study
Authors: GÜL Serdar Savaş , AYGÜN Hatice 
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Doxorubicin
(DOX) is an antineoplastic drug that is widely used in
chemotherapy but its cardiotoxicity is the most important side effect that limits the clinical use of this drug. We
investigated DOX treatment and the effects of vitamin D and melatonin on heart
by electrocardiography, scintigraphic and biochemical methods. Methods: In
this study, forty-nine adult male Wistar albino
rats (220 ± 15 g) were randomly divided
into seven groups (n  =  7 each), namely control (CON, n = 7), doxorubicin (DOX,
n = 7), melatonin (MEL, n = 7), vitamin D (Vit D, n = 7), doxorubicin plus melatonin (DOX+MEL,
n = 7), doxorubicin
plus
vitamin D (DOX+Vit D, n = 7), and doxorubicin plus melatonin and vitamin D (DOX+MEL+Vit
D, n = 7) groups. Cardiotoxicity was induced by
intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of DOX (18 mg/kg, i.p.) on the 15th,
16th and 17th days.
Rats receiving vitamin D and melatonin treatment in the DOX-induced
cardiotoxicity group received vitamin D (60,000 IU/kg, i.p.) were administered
in a single dose and melatonin (40 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 17 days and were
injected with (18 mg/kg, i.p.) on doxorubicin 15th,
16th, and 17th days. On the 18th day
electrocardiography (ECG), 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate scintigraphy
and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: DOX
caused changes in the ECG pattern, a significant decrease in heartbeat (p &lt; 0.01), P wave (p &lt; 0.001) and QRS complex durations
(p &lt; 0.001), R wave amplitude (p &lt; 0.001); elevation in ST-segment (p &lt; 0.001) and decrease in QT
interval (p &lt; 0,001), and R-R interval durations (p &lt; 0.001); increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers
(CK, BUN, cardiac troponin T), (p &lt; 0.01), and increased 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate
uptake (p &lt; 0.001) as
compared to the CON group. MEL,
Vit D and MEL+Vit D administration showed a same protective effect against
DOX-induced altered ECG pattern. Pre-treatment with MEL, Vit D and MEL+Vit D significantly
protected the heart from the toxic effect of DOX, by decreasing the levels of of cardiac injury markers (CK, BUN, cardiac troponin
T) (p &lt; 0.001) and
decreased the elevated level of 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate
uptake (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion: Vitamin D and melatonin treatment
prevented all the parameters of DOX-induced
cardiotoxicity in rats.
Transition of Premature Infants From Hospital to Home Life
Authors: Lopez Greta L. , Anderson Kathryn Hoehn , Feutchinger Johanna 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: To conduct an integrative literature review to studies that focus on the transition of premature infants from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to home.Method: A literature search was performed in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and MEDLINE to identify studies consisting on the transition of premature infants from hospital to home life.Results: The search yielded seven articles that emphasized the need for home visits, child and family assessment methods, methods of keeping contact with health care providers, educational and support groups, and described the nurse’s role in the transition program. The strategy to ease the transition differed in each article.Conclusion: Home visits by a nurse were a key component by providing education, support, and nursing care. A program therefore should consist of providing parents of premature infants with home visits implemented by a nurse or staying in contact with a nurse (e.g., via videoconference).
Factors Related to Coercive Sexual Behavior in a Nonclinical Sample of Males
Authors: Murphy William D. , Coleman Emily M. , Haynes Mary R. 
Published: September 2018

The sexual coercion literature has suggested numerous factors related to aggressive sexual behavior. The present investigation explores a number of these factors in a community sample. Data collected from 189 volunteers from the community included measures of sexual arousal, social perception, personality variables, attitudes toward women, and self-reported likelihood to rape. Multiple-regression analyses were used to determine the relative association of these factors to coercive sexual behavior. The present findings suggested that social perception, Extraversion and Neuroticism from the Eysenck Personality Inventory, sexual arousal, and self-reported likelihood to rape all contributed to the multiple regression. Rape Myth Acceptance, although not contributing significantly to the multiple regression, did show a significant zero-order correlation with coercive sexual behavior. Additional analyses were performed in an attempt to replicate an earlier predictive study by Malamuth and Check (1983) that found self-reported sexual arousal to be predicted by a combination of self-reported likelihood to rape, Psychoticism and Neuroticism from the Eysenck Personality Inventory, power motivation, and sexual experience. In the present study, both self-reported sexual arousal and penile tumescence measures were significantly related to attitudinal measures, social perception measures, and self-reported likelihood to rape. Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Challenges to Reaching MDG5:A Qualitative Analysis of the Working Environment of Skilled Birth Attendants in Cambodia
Authors: Ith Ponndara , Dawson Angela , Homer Caroline S. E. 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE: To explore the working environment of skilled birth attendants (SBAs) in one region in Cambodia and the factors affecting their motivation and performance.METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design was employed using focus group discussions with SBAs in 2 health centers and 3 referral hospitals in 1 province. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach.FINDINGS: Five interrelated themes were identified as the main factors impacting on the SBA’s working environment. These were the physical environment, remuneration and incentives, workplace culture, management practice, and professional development opportunities. The desire to supplement income also impacted on SBAs’ motivation, skill development and maintenance, and technical skills.CONCLUSION: Low wages and inadequate incentives within the context of a poorly functioning health system affected the working environment of SBAs in 1 province of Cambodia. These issues are likely to also affect the quality of maternity care. Policies that improve the working environment of staff through adequate remuneration and incentives and effective performance management systems need to be developed and implemented.