bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contract Framing, Expected Disappointment, and Effort: The Moderating Role of External Locus of Control
Authors: Majerczyk Michael , Owens Joel , Waddoups Nathan 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Understanding when incentive contracts are effective is important for organizations. Prior research documents that while employees generally prefer to work under contracts that include bonuses, employees exert more effort under economically equivalent penalty contracts. One reason for this is that penalties cause employees to experience greater expected disappointment than do bonuses. This study extends prior research in this area by documenting that external locus of control (ELOC), an individual characteristic, helps explain how different employees respond to incentive contracts. We predict and find that, compared to individuals with higher ELOC, individuals with lower ELOC are less susceptible to contract frame-induced differences in expected disappointment and not as motivated by penalty contracts compared to bonus contracts. This finding extends theory on contract framing and has important implications for organizations. Our results suggest that penalty provisions are most efficacious at lower ranks in the organization where higher ELOC is more common.
Pola Pembelajaran Multimedia (Studi Proses Pembelajaran di STAIN Purwokerto)
Authors: Rachmijati Tri , Mutijah Mutijah , Hadi Rahmini 
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Multimedia learning useful for improving learning outcomes. Lecturersat STAIN Purwokerto environment also seemed to respond positively STAINPurwokerto effort that has been providing electronic media in the form of LCDprojectors in every classroom. This is evident in the use of laptops and LCD projectorsas a medium of learning in the lecture. Nevertheless, the use of laptops and LCDprojectors require caution in order not to make the learning becomes centered onthe lecturer alone. The results showed that most of the lecturers STAIN Purwokertohave used laptops and LCD in the learning process. Multimedia learning undertakenutilizing text, pictures/photos, sound, animation, and film/video. More than half of therespondents expressed consent to and support for the lectures with a laptop/computerand LCD projector or multimedia learning.Keywords: Learning, Multimedia, Laptop/Computer, SCL.
Abstrak: Pembelajaran multimedia bermanfaat bagi upaya peningkatan hasilbelajar. Dosen-dosen di lingkungan STAIN Purwokerto juga tampak meresponpositif upaya STAIN Purwokerto yang telah menyediakan media elektronik yangberupa LCD proyektor di setiap kelas. Hal tersebut terlihat pada penggunaan laptopdan LCD proyektor sebagai media pembelajaran dalam proses perkuliahan. Meskidemikian, penggunaan laptop dan LCD proyektor tersebut menuntut kehati-hatianagar tidak membuat pembelajaran yang menggunakan komputer menjadi berpusatpada dosen saja. Permasalahan yang dikaji melalui penelitian adalah: [1]Bagaimanakah pola pembelajaran multimedia oleh para dosen STAIN Purwokerto?[2] Seberapa banyak pembelajaran multimedia tersebut, dan untuk fungsi apasaja? [3] Bagaimana kesesuaian pembelajaran multimedia dengan strategipembelajaran yang semestinya dilaksanakan berdasarkan tujuan pembelajaranyang ingin dicapai? Dan [4] Bagaimana penilaian mahasiswa peserta kuliah terhadappembelajaran multimedia? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagianbesar dosen STAIN Purwokerto telah memanfaatkan dan menggunakan laptopdan LCD dalam proses pembelajaran. Pembelajaran multimedia yang dilaksanakanmemanfaatkan teks, gambar/foto, suara, animasi, dan film/video. Lebihdari separuh responden menyatakan kesetujuan dan dukungannya terhadapperkuliahan dengan menggunakan laptop/komputer dan LCD proyektor ataupembelajaran multimedia. Selain itu, ada saran agar lebih variatif dalam menggunakanmedia dan metode pembelajaran, atau sesekali perlu belajar di luarkelas, sehingga terpaku pada materi di power point.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Multimedia, Laptop/Komputer, SCL.
Influence of Technology Process on Responsiveness of Footwear Nonwovens
Authors: Gorjanc Dunja Šajn , Bras Ana , Novak Boštjan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Nonwovens represent a part of technical textiles that are used for clothing (“cloth tech”). Nonwovens are also used in the footwear industry mainly for functional purposes, where the aesthetic properties are not of great importance. They are mainly used for support and reinforcement of footwear. All three groups of textiles are used for footwear, i.e. woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwovens that are produced directly from fibres, yarns or threads mainly from chemical fibres and in a small proportion from natural fibres.
Footwear textiles need to have good mechanical properties (at compressive loading), abrasion resistance, permeability properties and heat resistance. These properties are in close connection with the nonwoven structure or composite materials.
The basic intention of the presented research was to analyse the influence of the technology process on nonwovens for footwear responsiveness. Analysed footwear nonwovens in the presented research were on one side coated but on the other side consisted of a two-layer laminate. For this purpose, two different technological processes were used (coating and lamination). The results of the presented research showed that laminated samples express higher elastic recovery at compressive loading than coated samples. The treatment does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading. Laminated samples express higher water permeability and lower absorption of water than coated samples, even after 24 hours of treatment in distilled water and compressive loading. The treatment of specimens in distilled water for 24 hours and compressive load of 789.6 N does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading, water vapour permeability, air permeability and absorption of analysed samples. Air permeability could not be measured on coated samples.
A Template for Enhancing the Impact of the National Academy of Sciences’ Reporting on Forensic Science
Authors: Shooter Amelia , Cooper Sarah L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS), established in 1863, is the United States’ leading science and technology think-tank, with an active commitment to advising government. Over the last 150 years, the NAS has, both independently and in conjunction with the federal government, investigated and reported on various issues of importance, ranging from space exploration and biosecurity, to STEM education and immigration. Due to growing concerns about particular disciplines (and specifically their application in legal proceedings), one issue the NAS has reported on between 1992 and 2009 is forensic science. Specifically, the NAS has published six reports commenting on the status of forensic science evidence in the USA, namely DNA Technology in Forensic Science (1992), The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence (1996), The Polygraph and Lie Detection (2003), Forensic Analysis: Weighing Bullet Lead Evidence (2004), Ballistic Imaging (2008), and Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009). The response of stakeholders (including from political, legal, and academic spheres) to these reports has varied, ranging from shifts in practice and full acknowledgement, to considerable struggles to effectuate systemic reform. Using the different experiences of two reports – Forensic Analysis: Weighing Bullet Lead Evidence (2004) and Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009) – as a vehicle, this article suggests how the NAS can strengthen the impact of its forensic science reporting, and how stakeholders can better harness the expertise of the NAS.
Achieving Portfolio Diversification through Cryptocurrencies in European Markets
Authors: Pavković Ana , Anđelinović Mihovil , Pavković Ivan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background: Cryptocurrencies represent a specific technological innovation in financial markets that keeps getting more and more popular among investors around the world. Given the specific characteristics of the cryptocurrencies, this paper examines the possibility of their use as a diversification instrument.

Objectives: This paper examines the direction and strength of the relationship between the selected cryptocurrencies and important financial indicators on the European Union market. Since cryptocurrencies are a novelty in the financial system, the empirical literature in this area is rather scarce.

Methods/Approach: In order to assess diversification properties of cryptocurrencies for European traders, a comprehensive econometric analysis was carried out. The first part of the analysis refers to the estimation of the multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, whereas the second part focuses on wavelet transforms.

Results: Bitcoin and Ripple proved as a possible diversification instrument on most of the observed European markets since corresponding coefficients of unconditional correlation are negative.

Conclusions: The relationship between the value of the cryptocurrencies and selected indices is generally very weak and slightly negative, indicating that some cryptocurrencies can serve as a means of diversification. However, investors need to take into account the extreme volatility, exhibited in all existing cryptocurrencies.
Macroeconomic, Institutional and Bank-Specific Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Emerging Market Economies: A Dynamic Panel Regression Analysis
Authors: Bayar Yilmaz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Banking sector is important for various macroeconomic and microeconomic variables in terms of mobilization of funds, increasing savings, and providing alternative investment instruments suited to the every person by minimizing the risk of adverse selection and moral hazard, allocating funds to most productive projects, risk diversification. Therefore, sound functioning of the banking sector is critical especially for emerging and developing countries. This study explores the macroeconomic, institutional, and bank-specific factors behind nonperforming banking loans as an indicator of banking sector functioning in emerging market economies over the 2000-2013 period by employing the system GMM dynamic panel data estimator. Results of the dynamic panel regression analysis showed that economic growth, inflation, economic freedom (institutional development), return on assets and equity, regulatory capital to risk-weighted assets, and noninterest income to total income affected nonperforming loans negatively, while unemployment, public debt, credit growth, lagged values of nonperforming loans, cost to income ratio and financial crises affected nonperforming loans positively.
Analysis of Granularity Adjustment for Regulatory Capital
Authors: Krali Mario , Gurov Andrey 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The lack of portfolio granularity in terms of exposure has been shown to have important implications for the amount of a financial institution’s economic capital. Based on a numerical simulation model, we provide concrete examples of how granularity affects capital levels. We achieve this by following two simulation approaches, including a dynamic setup as a more realistic version of the analysis. We show that granularity has an indirect effect on the expected loss component. This could lead to significant changes in the competitive environment should banks consider adding a granularity adjustment to the estimated amount of capital and account for it in their pricing.
Commercial Bank Performance and Credit Risk in Albania
Authors: Kola Fatmira , Gjipali Arsena , Sula Erjon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The banking sector is a complex system composed of a large number of stakeholders that interacts in a non-simple way continuously and which plays the key role in economic development of each country. The economies of developing countries like Albania are characterized by high demand for credit due to increasing investment. The revenues are even higher when the risk is greater. Of the high related risk, crediting leads to high returns. Credit risk is one of the most important types of risk in the banking sector that affect the bank performance, as it exhibits loss probability because of the failure of debtor to fulfill its obligations to bank. In June 2016, the level of non-performing loans in Albania appears in 24.4% of total loans, representing the major obstacle to the development and performance of the banking sector in Albania.
The purpose of the estimable model outlined in this section is to capture the effects of macroeconomic, bank specific factors and Herfindahl-Hirschmann index (HHI) in the industry of bank performance. We also include a range of bank-specific variables that have been used in previous empirical studies that examine drivers of bank performance. A recent decline in revenue was observed due to higher provisioning expenses, which reduce banks’ profits. To identify factors affecting bank profitability, we have got to study those factors like bank-specific (internal) factors, industry specific and macroeconomic (external) factors. The internal factors that influence profitability are expressed in terms of efficiency, productivity, competition, concentration, soundness, safety and profitability. Industry specific factor is market concentration, while macroeconomic factors are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Inflation Rate, and Real effective exchange rate (REER). In this paper, we will test whether lending decisions of all banks operating in Albania exhibit moral hazard. The study carried out an empirical investigation of the quantitative effect of credit risk on the performance of 16 commercial banks in Albania organized quarterly over the period of 14 years (2002-2015).
An Empirical Investigation into the Effect of Explicit Deposit Insurance and Design on the Liability Structure of Banks
Authors: Mohammad Khalil Ullah , Nishiyama Shin-Ichi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper provides an insight into the behaviour of the liability side of bank balance sheet in response to explicit deposit insurance. It is an empirical investigation into the choice of a rational bank maximizing its bank value in terms of deposit and non-deposit liabilities after the implementation of explicit deposit insurance. The paper tests how banks' liabilities are affected because of the safety net and its design. Banks lower their leverage ratio as a response to the explicit deposit insurance. The paper finds evidence of depositor shifting funds between the types of deposits in the bank as a result of the explicit deposit insurance. It provides evidence of the importance of setting the right coverage in order to prevent the adverse effects that deposit insurance induces. It studies how the safety net design features affect the bank liability structure. The study finds that besides the explicit deposit insurance, the bank liability structure is affected by factors like tax expense, bank size, overheads, and dividend payout.
Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in eastern China
Authors: Xu Xiaojing , Sun Qing , Zhao Lixiang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Avian pathogenicEscherichia coli (APEC) causes serious colibacillosis and significant economic losses. Data on profiles of virulence factors and antibiotic resistances among APEC strains are crucial to the control of infection. In this study, strains were isolated from eastern China, and the prevalence of virulence factors and distribution of antibiotic resistance were determined.

Material and Methods
APEC strains were isolated and characterised by PCR for O serogroups, virulence factor genes, antibiotic resistance, and phylogenetic groups.

Results
O78 was the most prevalent serogroup and type A was the most frequent phylogenetic group. ThefimH,feoB, andiron genes were the most prevalent among the isolates. All isolates were multiresistant, and all strains were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, which are widely used in the poultry industry in China.

Conclusion
This study provided important data on the presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profiles of APEC from poultry farms in eastern China.
Job Satisfaction and Citizenship Behavior: A Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment
Authors: Tafzal Haque A.K.M. , Uddin Md. Aftab , Easmin Rubina , Sohel Shanewaz Mahmood 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Recently, job satisfaction has become a center of attention among academics, behavioral scientists, and business practitioners. Drawing on the tenet of the social exchange theory (SET) perspective and extending the conceptualization of the same, the present study aims at investigating the relationships among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and citizenship behavior and mediation mechanism to unearth the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on citizenship behavior.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Building on the positivist paradigm, we used quantitative research methodology following deductive reasoning approach. Henceforth, we have collected 210 replies from employees who have been serving Ready-made garments (RMG) sector that accounts for the highest export earning industry (84% of the total export earning) in Bangladesh. We purposively selected Chittagong Export Processing Zone, the largest export processing zone in Bangladesh, for collecting our required data. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and structural equation model (SEM) using Smart PLS 2, a second-generation regression analysis, and SPSS 20.

Results: The structural model estimates that all the direct influences are significant excepting the impact of job satisfaction on citizenship behavior. Besides, the full mediation effect of organizational commitment was found in the relationships between job satisfaction and citizenship behavior.

Conclusion: The main implication is suggesting all corporate executives for creating an environment which will make employees very committed to letting them think out of the box beyond their required formal task requirement. In addition to a longitudinal study, further research on the moderating effect of demographic factors on the above variable is attested.
Magnetic-resonance imaging in diagnostics of esophageal cancer (literature review)
Authors: Mutovkina N. I. , Kalinin P. S. , Danilov V. V. , Mishchenko A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Carcinoma of the esophagus continues to be a malignant disease with a poor prognosis; the overall five-year survival rate ranges from 15 to 20%. Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common and the sixth most common cause of death among oncological diseases. The main task of esophageal cancer diagnostics is to assess the extent of the pathological process in order to determine the most optimal type of medical care. Currently, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered to be the method of choice in determining the T-stage of the primary tumor. Moreover, several studies have shown the better results in N staging using EUS with TAB. At the same time, MRI of the esophagus is considered to be a technically challenging procedure because of difficulties in visualizing due to the motion artifacts. The motor and flow artifacts arising from the heartbeats and pulsations of the aorta and pulmonary vessels significantly reduce the quality of images. Nevertheless, the emergence in the last decade of some technical innovations can significantly reduce the impact of motion artifacts on image quality. For example, the effect of respiratory movements can be leveled using the proposed r-VIBE (radial VIBE) sequence, in which scanning and data collection occurs on the patient’s free breathing. However, in order to obtain high-quality images of the esophagus,(and make accurate staging of esophageal cancer, respectively) it is necessary to use different sequences; the scanning protocol must include T2-WI in several planes using high resolution sequences, DWI, and T1-WI with dynamic contrast enhancement. Application of new data collection technologies allowed to study esophagus on the expert level and to assess the local extent of the process accurately. Moreover, significant progress has been reached in assessing of N-stage in esophageal cancer with MRI in recent years. Unfortunately, a unified sequence protocol has not been developed yet and that makes it difficult to perform a statistical proper meta-analysis.Creating conditions for esophageal cancer treatment indicates development of response predictors to the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), which would reliably determine the tumor response rate and likelihood before starting treatment, as well as creating reliable response criteria in the early periods after nCRT based on objective medical imaging data.Another task is creatin of an artifact-decreasing sequence protocol, which would allow to determine theextent of the lesion accurately. In addition, it is necessary to study the possibilities of MRI in the tumor staging, in comparison with the results obtained with EUS, CT, PET-CT in the form of a prospective study with a large sample of patients.
Effect of Technological Factors on some Properties of Composite tube with Epoxy Resin K-153 Matrix
Authors: Trung Thanh Nguyen 
Published: September 2019

The tube is made of polymer composite material based on K-153 epoxy resin (K-153 epoxy resin is made from ED-20 epoxy resin modified by thiokol and oligomer acrylate), T-13 glassfiber, hardener polyethylenepolyaminemade by wrapping on machine. The effect of drying temperature on mechanical properties (tensile strength, flexural strength) of polymercomposite materialwas studied. The paper also mentions to select suitable hardener to beused for polymercomposite tube wrapping. The results show that the strength at break, flexural strength of polymercomposite material are changedmuch when changing wrapping angle. The drying temperature increases, the curing time of polymercomposite material is much reduced. The time to stabilize after drying also greatly affects the pressure resistance of polymer composite tubes.
Keywords
Polymercomposite, K-153, tensile strength, flexural strength, pressure resistance.
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