bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TurÃ¡n-Type Inequalities for Bessel, Modified Bessel and Kr Ìˆtzel Functions
Authors: Bhandari Piyush Kumar , Bissu S. K. 
Published: June 2018

We establish TurÃ¡n-type inequalities for Bessel functions, modified Bessel functions, Kr Ìˆtzel function and Beta function, by using a new form of Cauchyâ€“Bunyakovskyâ€“Schwarz inequality.
2010 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 26D07; Secondary 33C10.
Drug targeting to decrease cardiotoxicity – determination of the cytotoxic effect of GnRH-based conjugates containing doxorubicin, daunorubicin and methotrexate on human cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells
Authors: Polgár Livia , Lajkó Eszter , Soós Pál , Láng Orsolya , Manea Marilena , Merkely Béla , Mező Gábor , Kőhidai László 
Published: June 2018

Background: Cardiomyopathy induced by the chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin and daunorubicin is a major limiting factor for their application in cancer therapy. Chemotactic drug targeting potentially increases the tumor selectivity of drugs and decreases their cardiotoxicity. Increased expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors on the surface of tumor cells has been reported. Thus, the attachment of the aforementioned chemotherapeutic drugs to GnRH-based peptides may result in compounds with increased therapeutic efficacy. The objective of the present study was to examine the cytotoxic effect of anticancer drug–GnRH-conjugates against two essential cardiovascular cell types, such as cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. Sixteen different previously developed GnRH-conjugates containing doxorubicin, daunorubicin and methotrexate were investigated in this study. Their cytotoxicity was determined on primary human cardiac myocytes (HCM) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using the xCELLigence SP system, which measures impedance changes caused by adhering cells on golden electrode arrays placed at the bottom of the wells. Slopes of impedance–time curves were calculated and for the quantitative determination of cytotoxicity, the difference to the control was analysed.Results: Doxorubicin and daunorubicin exhibited a cytotoxic effect on both cell types, at the highest concentrations tested. Doxorubicin-based conjugates (AN-152, GnRH-III(Dox-O-glut), GnRH-III(Dox-glut-GFLG) and GnRH-III(Dox=Aoa-GFLG) showed the same cytotoxic effect on cardiomyocytes. Among the daunorubicin-based conjugates, [4Lys(Ac)]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa), GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa-YRRL), {GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa-YRRL-C)}2 and {[4N-MeSer]-GnRH-III(Dau-C)}2 had a significant but decreased cytotoxic effect, while the other conjugates – GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa), GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa-K(Dau=Aoa)), [4Lys(Dau=Aoa)]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa), GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa-GFLG), {GnRH-III(Dau-C)}2 and [4N-MeSer]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa) – exerted no cytotoxic effect on cardiomyocytes. Mixed conjugates containing methotrexate and daunorubicin – GnRH-III(Mtx-K(Dau=Aoa)) and [4Lys(Mtx)]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa) – showed no cytotoxic effect on cardiomyocytes, as well.Conclusion: Based on these results, anticancer drug–GnRH-based conjugates with no cytotoxic effect on cardiomyocytes were identified. In the future, these compounds could provide a more targeted antitumor therapy with no cardiotoxic adverse effects. Moreover, impedimetric cytotoxicity analysis could be a valuable technique to determine the effect of drugs on cardiomyocytes.
Emission from the Ionized Gaseous Halos of Low-redshift Galaxies and Their Neighbors
Authors: Zhang Huanian , Zaritsky Dennis , Behroozi Peter 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Using a sample of nearly half a million galaxies, intersected by over 8 million lines of sight from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12, we extend our previous study of the recombination radiation emitted by the gaseous halos of nearby galaxies. We identify an inflection in the radial profile of the Hα+N[ii] radial emission profile at a projected radius of ∼50 kpc and suggest that beyond this radius the emission from ionized gas in spatially correlated halos dominates the profile. We confirm that this is a viable hypothesis using results from a highly simplified theoretical treatment in which the dark matter halo distribution from cosmological simulations is straightforwardly populated with gas. Whether we fit the fraction of halo gas in a cooler (T = 12,000 K), smooth (c = 1) component (0.26 for galaxies with

M
⊙ and 0.34 for those with

M
⊙) or take independent values of this fraction from published hydrodynamical simulations (0.19 and 0.38, respectively), this model successfully reproduces the radial location and amplitude of the observed inflection. We also observe that the physical nature of the gaseous halo connects to primary galaxy morphology beyond any relationship to the galaxy’s stellar mass and star formation rate. We explore whether the model reproduces behavior related to the central galaxy’s stellar mass, star formation rate, and morphology. We find that it is unsuccessful in reproducing the observations at this level of detail and discuss various shortcomings of our simple model that may be responsible.
A comparative survey of Nigerian physiotherapists’ familiarity with, knowledge of and utilisation of standard outcome measures: 10 years after initial survey
Authors: Odole Adesola C. , Oyewole Olufemi O. , Akinpelu Aderonke O. 
Published: June 2018

Background: The need for physiotherapists to use standardised outcome measures (SOMs) is recognised and recommended in clinical practice guidelines in many countries.Aim: To evaluate changes in physiotherapy practice in Nigeria on the utilisation of SOMs and physiotherapists’ familiarity with and knowledge of SOMs over the past decade.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional survey of present data with 2006 data was undertaken. The existing validated questionnaire of 2006 was used to assess physiotherapists’ familiarity with, knowledge of and utilisation of 16 SOMs.Results: There was a noticeable change in familiarity with and utilisation of 16 SOMs in the current data and in knowledge. Between 52% and 90% of physiotherapists were not familiar with 14 SOMs in 2006, whereas 51.4% – 85.8% of physiotherapists were not familiar with 8 SOMs in 2016; 77% – 97% and 63.4% – 97.3% of physiotherapists were not utilising SOMs in the 2006 and 2016 data, respectively. The least utilised SOMs in 2006 were Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index, Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment and SF-36 Health Survey; in 2016, it was only the Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment. The Visual Analogue Scale and Gross Motor Function Measure remained the most utilised in both data. Duration of practice, age and sex were significant factors for the utilisation of and familiarity with SOMs.Conclusion: There was an improvement in the familiarity with, knowledge of and utilisation of SOMs over the past decade among Nigerian physiotherapists but the level of utilisation is unsatisfactory. Action is required if routine outcome measurement is to be achieved.Clinical Implications: Utilisation of SOMs is part of core standards of physiotherapy practice for effective management of patients. Although the utilisation of SOMs improved over the past 10 years, it is very low. Therefore, studies directed at finding factors responsible for low utilisation of SOMs among Nigerian physiotherapists are warranted.
Christian ethics and secularisation: Business as usual?
Authors: De Villiers Dawid E. 
Published: June 2018

It is now 49 years since Johan Heyns’s Sterwende Christendom? [Dying Christendom] was published (1969) in which he traced the history of secularisation and its impact on the theology of his time and 36 years since the publication (1982) of the first volume of his Teologiese etiek [Theological ethics] in which he discussed the impact of secularisation on ethics. In this article, the topic of the impact of secularisation on Christian ethics is revisited. Account is taken of research conducted on the secularising impact of modernisation since then. Although empirical research points to the fact that it is not true that modernisation inevitably leads to the complete demise of religious faith and ethics, and also not that there is today absolutely no room for religious influences in the different social orders, it does not mean that it is a case of business as usual for Christian ethics. It cannot be denied that modernisation has a significant effect on the shape of Christian ethics in the contemporary world. And it can also not be denied that in most contemporary liberal democratic societies, including South Africa, the public role of Christian ethics is restricted. Some of the challenges – and opportunities – present-day realities pose to South African churches and their members are identified and discussed.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: On account of the pluralising and fragilising impact of modernisation on Christian faith, the discipline of Christian ethics should today criticise the absolutising of Christian ethical beliefs and encourage Christians to actively support consensus seeking on moral values in the workplace and in society.
Role of diffusion tensor imaging in renal parenchymal changes
Authors: Saini Shimona , Kumar Vikas , Koteshwara Prakashini 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Context: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a reliable noninvasive tool to assess renal function with medullary Fractional Anisotropy (FA) values showing the most consistent results. Aims: Evaluation of FA, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) for detecting diabetic nephropathy (DN) using 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To determine FA and ADC values in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and controls, and comparing these with estimated glomerular filtiration rate (eGFR) and categorizing the stage of CKD. Patients and Methods: Thirty nondiabetic volunteers underwent DTI.The study included 83 diabetics, 30 frank urine proteinuric, 30 micro-albuminuric, 23 normo-albuminuric with only raised blood sugar patients.Patients were stratified by eGFR into groups: eGFR <60 and eGFR>60ml/min. ADC and FA values in cortex and medulla were compared between controls and study groups. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation using SPSS 16 were performed. Results: There was significant difference of FA medulla in controls versus albuminuric and micro-albuminuric versus frank proteinuric patients (P < 0.001).Also, there was significant difference between cortical ADC values between normal, microalbuminuric/proteinuric groups (P = 0.010, P =0.000, respectively). Significant difference between medullary FA values of patients with eGFR >60 and eGFR < 60 versus normal controls (P < 0.001) was noted.With declining renal function from normal to CKD category 5, a negative correlation between medullary FA (r= −0.785, P = 0.001) and ADC cortex values (r= −0.436, P = 0.001) was noted. A strong positive correlation between medullary FA and cortex ADC with eGFR (r = 0.598 and 0.344, respectively) was noted. Conclusion: Medullary FA of diabetics with relatively intact kidney function were significantly lower than those of controls. Hence, drop in medullary FA values can be an indicator of early nephropathy/patients at risk where eGFR is in near normal range. Cortical ADC and medullary FA demonstrated a significant correlation with eGFR with the latter showing a stronger positive correlation.
Language lateralization in pre-adolescent children: FMRI study using visual verb generation and word pair paradigms
Authors: Sreedharan Ruma M , James Jija S , Kesavadas Chandrasekharan , Thomas Sanjeev V 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: FMRI is a noninvasive tool for mapping language networks, especially in children. We conducted FMRI studies in children in the age group 8- 12 years using 2 different paradigms for assessing language networks and lateralization. Aim: To map language networks in pre-adolescent children and to calculate lateralization index using two different visual paradigms. Methods and Materials: The study was conducted in normal right handed children in the age group 8-12 years. Sixteen normal subjects underwent FMRI using 2 paradigms- visual verb generation (VVG), word pairs paradigm (WPP) to stimulate language areas. FMRI data analysis was done using SPM8 (statistical parametric Mapping) software. Total activated voxels were calculated for each hemispheres in the pre-defined ROIs for both paradigms. Results: FMRI showed left language lateralization in 13 out of 16 children with both VVG and WPP and bilateral language lateralization in two subjects. With VVG there was more significant activation in the left inferior triangular gyrus (ITG) (P < 0.001), left inferior opercular gyrus (IOG) (P < 0.01), left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) (P < 0.05), left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P < 0.05). Left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG or WA) (P < 0.001), Left AG (P < 0.03), Left SMG (P < 0.05) were significantly activated with WP paradigm. Conclusion: Our FMRI studies showed that VGP predominantly activated frontal language areas and WPP predominantly activated temperoparietal language areas. Several other brain regions were also involved in language processing apart from the classical language areas.
Hydropic degeneration of leiomyoma in nongravid uterus: The “split fiber” sign on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Patil Aruna R. , Nandikoor Shrivalli , Padilu Ramya 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExtensive hydropic degeneration in uterine leiomyoma is a rare occurrence and is commonly reported in association with pregnancy. It is a close mimicker of malignancy due to rapid growth and atypical imaging appearances. Awareness of the imaging features helps in diagnosis, avoids unnecessary patient anxiety, and hence reassurance especially when encountered in pregnancy. We report two cases of extensive hydropic degeneration of leiomyoma in nonpregnant females with imaging and histopathology correlation. We also propose the “split fiber” sign as a useful magnetic resonance imaging feature for diagnosing this condition.
Esophageal stents in children: Bridge to surgical repair
Authors: Slater Bethany J , Pimpalwar Ashwin , Wesson David , Olutoye Oluyinka , Pimpalwar Sheena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractManagement of complex esophageal problems in children is challenging. We report our experience with the use of esophageal stents in three children with esophageal strictures, leaks, or airway-esophageal fistulae refractory to conventional treatment. The stent played a key role in allowing extubation of a child with a large tracheo-esophageal-pleural fistula and in the resolution of pulmonary infection in a child with esophago-bronchial fistula, both followed by surgery. In the third child, with stricture, stents were complicated with migration, esophageal erosion, and esophago-bronchial fistula. In our experience, esophageal stents were useful mainly as a bridge to definitive surgical repair.
Comparative accuracy of magnetic resonance morphometry and sonography in assessment of post-cesarean uterine scar
Authors: Satpathy Gayatri , Kumar Ishan , Matah Manjari , Verma Ashish 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with that of ultrasonography (USG) for the measurement of lower segment cesarean scar during trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-control observational study conducted with a cohort of 30 participants being considered for TOLAC but eventually proceeding to lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) at a university-based teaching institute over a period of 2 years. Measurement of scar thicknesses were done by MRI and USG preoperatively and validated by surgical findings. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy as well as the cut-off values (to differentiate a normal scar from an abnormal scar) was done between the two modalities. Results: Insignificant systematic error between the measurements obtained by the two modalities was noted by a Bland–Altmann analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of USG for differentiating a normal from an abnormal uterine scar was 96.7% while that of MRI was at a slightly lower level of 90%. A strong level of agreement between the two modalities was observed. Conclusion: MRI offers no advantage in diagnostic accuracy for the measurement of LSCS scar thickness during consideration of TOLAC. Advances in Knowledge: Measurement of uterine scar by MRI has a good correlation with that done on USG in the setting of post-cesarean pregnancy. The results hold good both for normal (grades 1 and 2) and abnormal (grades 3) scars. MRI, however, does not offer any added advantage over sonographic scar thickness measurement for the differentiation of a normal (grades 1 and 2) from an abnormal (grade 3) scar.
Percutaneous gastrostomy placement by intervention radiology: Techniques and outcome
Authors: Karthikumar Balasubramanian , Keshava Shyamkumar N , Moses Vinu , Chiramel George K , Ahmed Munawwar , Mammen Suraj 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Interventional radiology (IR) has played an important role in the technical evolution of gastrostomy, from the first surgical, endoscopical to percutaneous interventional procedures. Aim: This study is done to assess the technical feasibility and outcome of IR-guided percutaneous gastrostomy for patients requiring nutritional support for neuromuscular disorders or head and neck malignancies, as well as to describe simplified and newer technique for pull-type gastrostomy. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study including 29 patients who underwent IR-guided percutaneous gastrostomy over a period of 8 years in a tertiary-level institution. Either pull or push-type gastrostomy was performed in these patients as decided by the interventional radiologist. The procedures were assessed by analyzing the indications, technical aspects, and complications. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive summary statistics and frequencies were used to assess the techniques and related complications. Results: The sample consists of 27 patients (93%) with pull technique and 2 patients (7%) with push technique. The technical success rate was 100%. Most of the complications were minor 24% (7/29), including superficial skin infections around the tube site, self-resolving pneumoperitoneum, tube-related complications such as block, leakage, deformation, and dislodgement. Three patients (10.3%) had major complications. One patient (3.4%) developed massive pneumoperitoneum and mild peritonitis due to technical failure in the first attempt and needed re-puncture for successful placement, and other two patients (6.9%) developed peristromal focal abscess. One patient died on the third postoperative day due to type II respiratory failure. Conclusion: IR-guided percutaneous gastrostomy is a safe and effective procedure in selected patients.
Práticas pedagógicas e desafios do ensino da História Afro-brasileira no curso de informática para Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Ferreira Manoela Bernardi , Ferreira Flávia , Bocchi Eduardo Muniz 
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo é decorrente de reflexões sobre a prática docente em História realizada no Estágio Supervisionado, em uma turma do Curso de Informática e Comunicação da Escola de Turismo e Hotelaria Canto da Ilha, ofertado para Jovens e Adultos. O trabalho desenvolvido, que gerou muitas
opiniões e pontos de vista controversos, abordou algumas problematizações acerca da História afrobrasileira, correlacionando-a ao aprendizado obtido nas aulas de informática. Muitos foram os desafios e dificuldades encontrados por nós, estagiários, no decorrer desta etapa de formação. Assim, neste texto, procuramos expor tais desafios e também nos apropriamos dos trabalhos finais dos alunos, os trabalhos de Conclusão do Curso, com a finalidade de questionar o papel de atores e atrizes afro-brasileiros na mídia.
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL EROSIVO DAS CHUVAS DE FLORIANÓPOLIS-SC
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Poleto Cristiano 
Published: June 2018

A erosão hídrica é um dos maiores problemas ambientais, determinando a redução da produtividade agrícola e também contaminação e poluição dos recursos hídricos. Este trabalho teve como objetivos determinar o potencial erosivo das chuvas da região de Florianópolis (SC), avaliar a variação sazonal da erosividade, determinar as probabilidades de ocorrência de erosividade, e também ajustar as equações para a estimativa da erosividade da chuva com base nos dados pluviométricos da região. Foram analisados os pluviogramas diários da estação meteorológica de Florianópolis do período de 1986 a 2012.O potencial erosivo foi estimado pelo índice EI30, que considera a energia cinética dos segmentos de chuva multiplicada pela intensidade máxima da chuva em 30 minutos (I30). Foram ajustadas as equações de regressão entre o índice de erosividade (EI30) e os coeficientes de chuva e também a precipitação média mensal. No período de analisado foram registrados no pluviógrafo de Florianópolis a precipitação média anual de 1638,2 mm, destes 1314,2 mm (80,2%) foram consideradas chuvas erosivas. Em janeiro e fevereiro as erosividade foram classificadas como Muito altas, e em março e dezembro são classificadas como Altas. Os menores valores de erosividade ocorrem nos meses de junho a agosto, classificadas como Muito baixas. O valor médio anual da erosividade é de 7522 MJ mm ha-1 h-1, classificado como erosividade Alta. Este valor corresponde ao fator R para ser usado na Equação Universal de Perda de Solos. As equações de regressão ajustadas foram significativas e podem ser usadas para estimar a erosividade da chuva nos locais da região de Florianópolis onde somente existem informações observadas em pluviômetros. A distribuição de Gumbel-Chow mostrou aderência aos dados observados pelo teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Os valores estimados com diferentes períodos de retorno podem ser usados incluindo um fator de risco na estimativa das perdas de solos por erosão.
ANÁLISE DOS PADRÕES DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO TEMPORAL E CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS CHUVAS EROSIVAS DE FLORIANOPÓLIS-SC
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Poleto Cristiano 
Published: June 2018

O conhecimento das características da chuva erosiva é importantes para estudar os processos erosivos e permitir as simulações hidrológicas com chuvas mais parecidas com as reais. O índice EI30 que é utilizado para caracterizar a erosividade das chuvas representa os efeitos do impacto das gotas de chuva combinado com a capacidade de transporte do escoamento superficial. Além da erosividade o padrão de distribuição temporal das chuvas influenciar nas perdas de solo por erosão. Este trabalho teve como objetivos analisar as características das chuvas erosivas e determinar o padrão de distribuição temporal das chuvas erosivas de Florianópolis. Foram utilizados os dados de chuva dos pluviogramas diários da Estação Meteorológica de Florianópolis do período de 1986 a 2012. As chuvas foram individualizadas e classificadas em chuvas erosivas ou não erosivas. Foram determinados os valores de energia cinética, intensidade máxima em trinta minutos e o valor de EI30. As chuvas foram ainda classificadas de acordo com a distribuição temporal em chuvas do padrão avançado, intermediário e atrasado. As chuvas erosivas representam 20,7 % do número total de chuvas no ano, mas constituem 80,2 % do volume precipitado. Das 1181 chuvas erosivas respectivamente 50,3%, 33,9 %e 15,8% foram dos padrões avançado, intermediário e atrasado. Existe variação sazonal das características da chuva erosiva, sendo que nos meses de verão são registrados maiores frequências de chuvas erosivas, as chuvas erosivas apresentam valores médios superiores, menor duração, maior energia cinética e maior erosividade quando comparado com chuvas dos meses de inverno. As chuvas erosivas do padrão avançado tem em média altura pluviométrica de 26,1 mm, duração de 11,2 h, energia cinética de 5,4 MJ ha-1, intensidade de 20,0 mm h-1 e erosividade de 160 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 . Do total de 1.181 chuvas erosivas, 55 tiveram duração inferior a 2 h. A maior concentração de chuvas foi observada no intervalo de duração de 6 a 12 h.Para duração inferior a 12 h ocorre maior frequência de chuvas do padrão avançado, e para durações acima de 12 h, predominam chuvas do padrão intermediário