bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinopathy and RAAS Activation: Results From the Canadian Study of Longevity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lovshin Julie A. , Lytvyn Yuliya , Lovblom Leif E. , Katz Alexandra , Boulet Geneviève , Bjornstad Petter , Lai Vesta , Cham Leslie , Tse Josephine , Orszag Andrej , Keenan Hillary A. , Paul Narinder , Bril Vera , Wong David T. , McReelis Kylen D. , Brent Michael H. , Perkins Bruce A. , Cherney David Z.I. 
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVE
The importance of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation in retinopathy for long-standing diabetes is not well understood. We determined retinopathy stage and evaluated associations with other vascular complications before and after physiological RAAS activation in adults with long-standing (≥50 years duration) type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants underwent retinal examination by digital funduscopic photography and optical coherence tomography and were classified as having nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), or no diabetic retinopathy (NDR) with or without diabetic macular edema (DME). Neuropathy was measured by clinical neuropathy examination scores, electrophysiologically, and by corneal confocal microscopy. Renal function was measured by inulin and para-aminohippurate clearance methods. Arterial stiffness was measured by applanation tonometry. Renal function, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness were measured before and after RAAS activation with angiotensin II (ANGII). Associations were determined using linear regression.

RESULTS
Twelve (16%) of the 75 participants had NDR, 24 (32%) had NPDR, and 39 (52%) had PDR. A low overall prevalence of DME (4%) was observed. Those with PDR had worse nerve function and reduced corneal nerve density, were more likely to have macrovascular disease, and had increased arterial stiffness in response to ANGII compared with those with NPDR or NDR. Prevalence of kidney disease or renal hemodynamic function did not differ by retinopathy status.

CONCLUSIONS
PDR was associated with neuropathy severity and cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease. In those with PDR, RAAS activation may be linked to vascular stiffening, an effect that persists in long-standing type 1 diabetes.
Reduction of Cardiovascular Risk and Improved Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate by SGLT2 Inhibitors, Including Dapagliflozin, Is Consistent Across the Class: An Analysis of the Placebo Arm of EXSCEL
Authors: Clegg Lindsay E. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Penland Robert C. , Tang Weifeng , Boulton David W. , Bachina Srinivas , Fox Robert D. , Fenici Peter , Thuresson Marcus , Mentz Robert J. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Holman Rury R. 
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVEThe sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) empagliflozin and canagliflozin reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality (ACM), and renal events in cardiovascular outcomes trials, with observational real-world evidence suggesting class effect benefits that include dapagliflozin. We examined the placebo arm of the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) to determine whether the effects of drop-in open-label dapagliflozin on MACE, ACM, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were consistent with the SGLT2i class as a whole.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSSGLT2i drop-in therapy occurred in 10.6% of EXSCEL participants, with 5.2% taking dapagliflozin. Propensity-matched cohorts of SGLT2i users and nonusers (n = 709 per group) were generated on the basis of their characteristics before open-label SGLT2i drop-in or at baseline for participants taking SGLT2i at enrollment and an equivalent study visit for non-SGLT2i users. Time to first adjudicated MACE and ACM was analyzed using Cox regression. eGFR slopes were compared between matched cohorts using a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis.RESULTSIn adjusted analyses, SGLT2i users (compared with nonusers) had a numerically lower risk of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio 0.79 [95% CI 0.49–1.28]), as did dapagliflozin users (0.55 [0.26–1.15]). SGLT2i users had a significantly lower ACM risk (0.51 [0.27–0.95]; dapagliflozin: 0.66 [0.25–1.72]). Compared with nonusers, eGFR slope was significantly better for SGLT2i users overall (+1.78 [95% CI 0.87–2.69] mL/min/1.73 m2 per year) and for dapagliflozin users (+2.28 [1.01–3.54] mL/min/1.73 m2 per year).CONCLUSIONSThis post hoc analysis of the placebo arm of EXSCEL supports a beneficial class effect for all SGLT2i, including dapagliflozin, for reduced ACM and less eGFR decline.
Estimation of Tire–Road Contact Features Using Strain-Based Intelligent Tire
Authors: Lee Hojong , Kim Min Tae , Taheri Saied 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Sensors attached inside the tire near the contact area can provide crucial information on contact characteristics, e.g., slip, forces, and deformation of tires. Vehicle control systems such as antilock braking systems (ABS) and vehicle-stability control (VSC) can be enhanced by leveraging this information, since control algorithms can be updated based on directly measured parameters from intelligent tires rather than estimated parameters based on complex vehicle dynamics and on-board sensor measurement. Moreover, tire characteristics can be investigated by scrutinizing the sensor measurements on the basis of well-defined physical theories on tire mechanics. In this article, estimations of tire contact features have been studied with the circumferential strains measured inside the tire. These parameters were imported to physical tire models to finally predict lateral force, which plays the crucial role in algorithms of vehicle control systems, as well as in analysis of tire performance.
Effects of Copolymer Sequence on Adsorption and Dynamics Near Nanoparticle Surfaces in Simulated Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Trazkovich Alex J. , Akyuz Tarik H. , Hall Lisa M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
We study a simple nanocomposite, consisting of a single spherical nanoparticle in a dense melt of coarse-grained copolymer chains, using molecular dynamics simulations. The polymers contain equal amounts of two monomer types, which differ only in their monomer-nanoparticle interaction (adsorption) strengths, and are placed in a random sequence or in a sequence of alternating blocks with various block lengths. This model is motivated by a need to understand copolymer sequence effects relevant to designing tire tread compounds, given the synthetic ability to adjust copolymer architecture (e.g., amount of blockiness) in styrene-butadiene rubbers and the ability to choose fillers and covering agents that functionalize the filler particles to give them different affinities for the styrene and butadiene monomers (it is also possible to use coupling agents, which form covalent bonds between filler particles and polymer chains). Our simple, generalized model considers linear polymers of uniform length that are not cross-linked, and thus we do not attempt to capture the overall mechanical properties of tire tread materials. Instead, we focus our analysis on how copolymer sequence impacts polymer adsorption on the nanoparticle, known to be a significant factor in determining polymer nanocomposite properties. We find that copolymer sequence impacts both the range and magnitude of the interphase of slowed dynamics surrounding the nanoparticle, with longer block lengths yielding a greater reduction in mobility over a wider region.
Atividade física de lazer e indicadores de acesso a serviços de saúde em idosos / Physical activity leisure and indicators of access to health services in the elderly
Authors: Renken Évely , Wathier Clair Antônio , Balbé Giovane Pereira 
Published: December 2018

Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os indicadores de morbidade, o acesso a serviços de saúde e a prática de atividade física de lazer em idosos. Houve também verificação do padrão de morbidade referida nestes idosos entrevistados, identificando a prevalência da prática de atividades físicas no lazer. Para isso, foram analisados os dados sociodemográficos da amostra pesquisada, identificando o acesso aos serviços de saúde. A coleta das informações necessárias à apuração dos resultados ocorreu por meio de questionário sociodemográfico e Questionário Internacional de Atividades Físicas (IPAQ). Os questionários foram aplicados em 213 idosos de ambos os sexos, com 60 anos de idade ou mais, residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Rio do Sul - Santa Catarina. Percebe-se que pouco mais de 80% dos idosos foram classificados como inativos nas atividades de lazer, a maioria das mulheres auto avaliaram sua saúde de forma positiva, e cerca de 37% dos idosos procuraram acesso e uso regular dos serviços de saúde nas semanas anteriores à realização da pesquisa, tendo ainda valores significativos em relação ao plano de saúde, onde a maioria dos idosos foi inativa. Conclui-se que a associação da prática de atividades físicas aos indicadores de morbidade de acesso a serviços de saúde está ligada de maneira a impedir que os idosos sejam ativos no lazer. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the indicators of morbidity, access to health services and the practice of leisure physical activity in older adults. For this, the demographic data of the studied sample were analyzed by identifying access to health services. There was also checking the pattern of morbidity in these elderly respondents, identifying the prevalence of physical activity at leisure. The collection of information necessary for the determination of the results was through sociodemographic questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The questionnaires were applied in 213 elderly men and women, aged 60 and older living in the urban area of the city of Rio do Sul - Santa Catarina. It can be seen that just over 80% of the elderly were classified as inactive in leisure activities, most women self rated their health positively, and about 37% of the elderly sought access and regular use of health services in the weeks prior to the survey. In conclusion, it can be seen that the association of physical activity with access to health services is on morbidity indicators in order to prevent the elderly are active during leisure.
As principais motivações e preocupações dos dependentes acolhidos em uma comunidade terapêutica / The main motivations and concerns of dependents received in a therapeutic community
Authors: Nóbrega Andréa Hofmeister da , Lacerda Fabiane de Jesus , Salmon Vania Regina Ribeiro , Borges Beatriz Essenfelder 
Published: December 2018

Pesquisa desenvolvida com objetivo de identificar as principais motivações e preocupações dos dependentes de crack acolhidos em uma Comunidade Terapêutica (CT) localizada na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Estudo transversal com amostra de 30 usuários de crack, maiores de 18 anos, em tratamento sob regime de abstinência. Coleta de dados realizada por meio de entrevista individual e aplicação de um questionário estruturado. Os dependentes em tratamento na CT são na maioria do sexo masculino, com idade entre 30 a 44 anos e nível de escolaridade médio. Dentre os entrevistados 60% residem em meio familiar, onde 93,4% não possuem vínculo empregatício. A maior parte da amostra revelou que o inicio do uso de crack ocorreu na adolescência e a curiosidade e migração de outras drogas se destacaram como os principais motivadores para o uso. A busca por tratamento foi movida pelo desejo pessoal em 80% dos casos, sendo que a 56,7% dos indivíduos apresentaram a recaída como principal preocupação. Valorizar o discurso do dependente, considerando suas motivações e temores, possibilita o fomento de políticas públicas mais efetivas de prevenção ao uso e abuso e a personalização do cuidado, além de contribuir para futuros estudos sobre o tema. ABSTRACTThis research was developed to identify the main motivations and concerns of crack addicts in a Therapeutic Community (CT) located in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 30 crack users, over 18 years of age, undergoing abstinence treatment. Data collection through individual interview and application of a structured questionnaire. The dependents in TC treatment are mostly males, aged between 30 and 44 years and average schooling level. Among the interviewees, 60% live in a family environment, where 93.4% do not have an employment relationship. Most of the sample revealed that the onset of crack use occurred in adolescence and the curiosity and migration of other drugs stood out as the main motivators for the use. The search for treatment was driven by personal desire in 80% of the cases, and 56.7% of the individuals presented relapse as the main concern. Valuing the dependent's discourse, considering their motivations and fears, allows the promotion of more effective public policies to prevent the use and abuse and personalization of care, as well as contribute to future studies on the subject.
Etiological and Pathomorphological Investigations in Calves with Coronaviral Pneumoenteritis
Authors: Kalkanov Ismet , Dinev Ivan , Zarkov Ivan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to report the primary gross and microscopic lesions, as well as etiological agents of field cases of pneumoenteritis in neonate and juvenile calves. The research was done with 370 calves from 6 cattle farms in 4 regions of the country. The age of the animals was from 24 hours to 25 days. Clinical and epidemiological studies were carried out with newborn and growing calves in all farms. For rapid antigenic and viral detection of pathogens, Rainbow calf scour 5 BIO K 306 Detection of Rota, Corona, E.coli F5, Crypto and Clostridium perf. in bovine stool (BIOX Diagnostics, Belgium), and Monoclonal Antibody anti-bovine Coronavirus FITC conjugated) 0,5 ml (20X), BIO 023, (BIOX Diagnostics, Belgium) were used. Eighteen carcasses of calves with signs of pneumoenteritis syndrome (PES) were submitted to gross anatomy and histopathological studies. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) was the main etiological agent involved in calf pneumoenteritis. The macro- and micro lesions in the lung and the ileum of calves affected by PES are relevant with regard to the differential diagnosis of the syndrome and its differentiation from respiratory (IBR, BVD, BRSV, M. haemolytica etc.) and intestinal (Cryptosporidium parvum, bovine rotaviruses, bovine coronaviruses and Escherichia coli K99 (F5) diseases in this category of animals.
Synthesis and characterization of fluorescent polyphenols anchored Schiff bases via oxidative polycondensation
Authors: Kaya İsmet , Kolcu Feyza , Satilmiş Sabriye , Yazicioglu Zeynep 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A series of polyimines, bearing phenolic groups were successfully synthesized in aqueous alkaline solution via chemical oxidative polycondensation. Polymeric Schiff bases were synthesized by condensation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 3-hydroxy-4-metoxybenzaldehyde with 2-aminophenol and 3-aminophenol. The molecular structures of the synthesized Schiff bases and their corresponding polymers were studied by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods. Thermal stability of the imine polymers was evidenced by their initial degradation temperatures found in the range of 170 °C to 271 °C without any sign of melting. The results of UV-Vis and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were coherent with the optical Eg and the electrochemical E′g band gaps of the polyimines which were lower than those of their corresponding Schiff bases. Fluorescence spectral analysis of P4 (Schiff base polymer P4 derived from 3-aminophenol and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde) revealed a bicolor emission with blue and green light. Electrical conductivity of the synthesized imine polymers was measured by four-point probe technique. P4 showed the highest electrical conductivity as a result of iodine vapor contact time. Morphology characterization of the synthesized polyimines was carried out using a scanning electron microscope SEM at different magnifications. The study revealed that P4 is a promising candidate for both blue and green light emitters which could be used in the production of photovoltaic materials and solar cells.
Influence of modulation frequency on the synthesis of thin films in pulsed magnetron sputtering processes
Authors: Strzelecki G.W. , Nowakowska-Langier K. , Chodun R. , Okrasa S. , Wicher B. , Zdunek K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The research on the influence of modulation frequency on the properties of films synthesized using a unique pulsed power supply combined with a standard unbalanced circular magnetron was conducted in the process of pulsed magnetron sputtering (PMS). It was shown that by using different levels of modulation, the composition of plasma (measured by optical emission spectroscopy, OES) as well as film growth rate and morphology (observed with scanning electron microscope, SEM), can be changed. The impact of modulation is related to the used materials and gases and can vary significantly. It was concluded that modulation frequency can greatly influence the synthesis of materials and can be used as an additional parameter in PMS. Specific relations between modulation frequency and synthesized material require further investigation.
Public Procurement in the Systemic Corruption Environment: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Authors: Langr Ivan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of systemic corruption in public procurement and, on the example of the Czech Republic, defines its risks, the role of informal structures and the way of failure of public institutions. Th e paper proposes the new methodological possibilities of exploration of systemic corruption and empirically verifies its signs on examples of bid rigging, illegal and non-standard ways of tendering by Czech ministries and in some court cases.
Analysis the Effect of Household Consumption Expenditure, Investment and Labor to Economic Growth: A Case in Province of North Sumatra
Authors: Handriyani Richna , Sahyar M.M. , Arwansyah M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This research is important because the commencement of the Asean Economic Community (MEA) has a positive impact that is spurring the growth of investment from within and outside the country, so that domestic investment has the potential to increase which will increase the number of employment for Indonesian workers especially in province of North Sumatera.This study aims to: identify the effect of household consumption on economic growth, identify the effect of investment on economic growth, identify the influence of Labor on economic growth, and identify the effect of interest rate on economic growth . The data used in this research were secondary data in 2006-2016 in Province of North Sumatera. Data obtained from various agencies, namely: Department of Labor and Transmigration, Central Statistics Agency of Province of North Sumatra, some other sources such as journals and relevant research results. Methods of analysis using Two Stage Least Square method (TSLS). The results of this study found that: Household consumption has a positive and significant effect to economic growth, Investment has positive and significant effect to economic growth, Labor has positive and significant impact to economic growth, and Interest rate has a negative and significant effect on economic growth.
Accounting and Fiscal Considerations upon Performance Guarantees - Particular Case of Construction Works
Authors: Mateș Dorel , Puşcaş Adriana Marina , Pordea Daniela 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The performance guarantee represents the contractor's liability to ensure the beneficiary on the fulfillment of the quality conditions for the contracted works, as well as of their execution within the agreed contractual term. In the context of a growth trend in the industrial construction market since 2018, we considered it appropriate to study the impact of the performance guarantees on the financial balance of the contractors operating on this market. Through this research we aim to analyze the methods of guaranteeing the construction works, to assess the financial, accounting and fiscal issues of a construction company as a general contractor, to identify potential risks and to find solutions to avoid them.
The Critical Investigation on Essential Parameters to Optimize the Gas Lift Performance In “J” Field Using Prosper Modelling
Authors: Fitrianti Fitrianti , Putra Dike Fitriansyah , Cendra Desma 
Published: December 2018

The declining reservoir, oil production and pressure depletion with the well being produced, the results of the investment of the well will also decrease. For that there needs to be energy that can help to lift the fluid to the surface.
One of the artificial lift methods that can be used is a gas lift. Gas lift is a method commonly used when there is a natural gas source as an injection gas supply. The selection of the artificial lift method is based on several considerations, namely the reservoir conditions, fluid conditions, well conditions, conditions on the surface, availability of electricity, availability of gas, and sand problem. The influential parameters in the selection of gas lifts include: Productivity Index (PI), Gas Liquid Ratio (GLR), depth of the well and driving mechanism from the reservoir.
The Gas Lift that the production optimization wants to do is the injection system in a Continuous Gas Lift. Used in wells that have a high Productifity Index value. Where in the LB field to be analyzed, the Productifity Index value is 2.0 bpd / psi.
This study intends to optimize a gaslift well performance as an effort to maximize the results of well production.
Based on the research that has been done using Prosper Modeling on the “J” field, the following conclusions are obtained the effect of pressure and viscosity on the gas lift well flow rate in this condition can be said to be efficient, because the conditions / pressure given at temperatures below 300 F can reach the miscible condition and from the results of determining the optimal conditions to get the best well performance, obtain an optimal liquid rate of 1829.4 STB / D with an oil rate of 36.6 STB / D.

Keywords: Gas lift, Optimization, Immiscible Pressure, Viscosity
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN GIRO WAJIB MINIMUM (GWM), POSISI DEVISA NETTO (PDN), LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR), CADANGAN KERUGIAN PENURUNAN NILAI (CKPN), DAN SUKU BUNGA SBI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN LABA (Studi Pada Bank Umum Swasta Nasional Devisa di Indonesia Periode 2009-2013)
Authors: Pratito Dwi Widi , Puspitasari Diana 
Published: December 2018

<span>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh rasio Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM), Posisi Devisa Netto (PDN), <em>Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR)</em>, Cadangan Kerugian Penurunan Nilai (CKPN), dan tingkat suku bunga SBI terhadap Perubahan Laba (Studi Pada Bank Umum Swasta Nasional Devisa di Indonesia Periode 2009-2013). Metodologi pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 34 Bank Devisa di IndonesModel yang digunakan adalah model regresi linier berganda yang telah diuji dengan pengujian asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas data, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas dan uji autokorelasi. Untuk menguji Hipotesis mengenai pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen digunakan uji statistic t-test dan uji statistik F-test dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh secara simultan antara ketujuh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen maka dengan melihat koefisien determinasinya (R</span><span>2</span><span>). Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa secara parsial variabel, Posisi Devisa Netto (PDN), Cadangan Kerugian Penurunan Nilai (CKPN), dan tingkat suku bunga SBI tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Perubahan Laba, sedangkan variabel Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM) dan <em>Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR)</em>, memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Perubahan Laba.</span>