bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia and male infertility: Unraveling the genetic and clinical nexus
Authors: Roostaei Ghazal , Khoshnam Rad Niloofar , Fakhri B Maryam S. , Mozaffari Sedigheh , Rahimi Besharat , Kazemizadeh Hossein , Abtahi Hamidreza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia in various organ systems, including the respiratory and reproductive tracts. A key manifestation in males is infertility, primarily attributed to impaired sperm motility. Although sperm vitality may be preserved, immotility or abnormal flagellar function significantly impairs natural conception. While a minority of men with PCD achieve fatherhood without medical intervention, most require assisted reproductive techniques (ART).The genetic etiology of PCD‐related male infertility is rooted in mutations affecting dynein arms and other axonemal components essential for ciliary movement. Diagnostic evaluation relies on semen analysis, ultrastructural ciliary assessment, and genetic testing. Sperm vitality testing is critical when motility is severely compromised, providing crucial insight into fertilization potential.Management of male infertility in PCD predominantly involves ART. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is particularly effective, as it circumvents the requirement for sperm motility. In cases where spermatozoa retrieval from ejaculate is not feasible, testicular sperm extraction (TESE) offers a viable alternative. Advances in diagnostic techniques and personalized therapeutic approaches have significantly improved fertility outcomes for PCD patients. Ongoing research into genetic therapies and targeted treatments holds promise for further enhancing reproductive success in this population.This review offers a comprehensive examination of the current knowledge surrounding PCD and its impact on male fertility, elucidating the genetic mechanisms, diagnostic challenges, and evolving therapeutic strategies in the management of PCD‐associated male infertility.
Laparoscopic surgery for pelvic developmental cyst in adults: A report of four cases
Authors: Imai Masaki , Matsuda Takeru , Sawada Ryuichiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Harada Hitoshi , Urakawa Naoki , Goto Hironobu , Kanaji Shingo , Kakeji Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDevelopmental cyst is occasionally seen in children but are less common in adults. Complete removal of developmental cyst is necessary because there are risk of infection, squamous cell carcinoma, and recurrence due to incomplete resection. The best approach for resection of developmental cyst is still controversial. Although transsacral approach, open abdominal approach, or a combination of both have been often employed to date, reports of laparoscopic surgery have been appearing in recent years. We performed laparoscopic surgery for four patients with this disease: (i) 29‐year‐old woman with epidermoid cyst; (ii) 21‐year‐old woman with dermoid cyst; (iii) 55‐year‐old woman with epidermoid cyst; and (iv) 77‐year‐old woman with epidermoid cyst. No perioperative complications occurred and no recurrence has developed so far in any patients. Laparoscopic surgery can be considered as one of the optimal treatment options for developmental cyst.
Herbacetin Inhibits Human Fructose 1,6‐Bisphosphatase Among a Panel of Chromone Derivatives and Pyrazoles, Demonstrating Positive Effects on Insulin‐Resistant HepG2 Cells
Authors: Rocha Sónia , Vicente Beatriz , Proença Carina , Silva Vera L. M. , Silva Artur M. S. , Corvo M. Luísa , Fernandes Eduarda , Freitas Marisa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), excessive gluconeogenesis is considered a major contributor to hyperglycemia. Therefore, targeting fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase (FBPase), a key regulatory enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis, has gained interest as a potential therapeutic target for managing DM. In this study, a library of 42 structurally‐related chromone derivatives (including flavonoids, 2‐styrylchromones, and 2‐(4‐arylbuta‐1,3‐dien‐1‐yl)chromones, named as 2‐styrylchromone‐related derivatives), as well as 4‐ and 5‐styrylpyrazoles, were tested against human FBPase using a noncellular microanalysis screening system. Herbacetin, 3,4′,5,7,8‐pentahydroxyflavone, inhibited FBPase activity with an IC50 value of 6.4 ± 0.7 μM. The effects of herbacetin were also explored using an insulin‐resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2 cells). The results showed that herbacetin significantly decrease insulin resistance by promoting the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), and exhibited a capacity to ameliorate inflammation, evidenced by the modulation of the inhibitor of κB alpha (IκBα). This study provides important considerations for the design of novel FBPase inhibitors. Furthermore, it indicates a preliminary potential of herbacetin's dual action in improving insulin resistance and decreasing inflammation, suggesting the need for further investigation of this compound for addressing the complexities of type 2 DM management.
Edaravone Ameliorate Inflammation in Vitamin D3 and High Fat Diet Induced Atherosclerosis in Rat via Alteration of Inflammatory Pathway and Gut Microbiota
Authors: Du Lingjuan , Wan Jia , Yang Guokai , Ma Zhenhuan , Li Zhaoxiang , Li Guojian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCardiovascular disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke, among others. Edaravone (ED) inhibits oxidative stress and free radical damage, which are thought to contribute to the progression of various diseases. Thus, the purpose of the study is to examine the cardioprotective effect of ED against vitamin D3 and high fat‐induced atherosclerosis in rats. In this study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were utilized. The rats were separated into several groups and fed a high‐fat diet along with vitamin D3 to induce atherosclerosis. Various doses of ED were orally administered to the animals for 30 days. The administration of Edaravone effectively reduced the elevated body weight, as well as the excessive water and food consumption. The treated groups exhibited a decrease in glucose level, leptin, and apolipoprotein‐B. Administration of ED also modified the cholesterol parameters, coronary artery index, atherogenic index, and antioxidant parameters. It also reduced the elevated heart rate, systolic blood pressure (BP), mean BP, and diastolic BP. The group treated with ED exhibited a decrease in the level of inflammatory cytokines. The ED significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the levels of MMP‐2, MMP‐3, and MMP‐9. Furthermore, it induced significant (p < 0.001) adjustments in the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and F/B ratio. Edaravone exhibited the cardio protection against HFD induced atherosclerosis in rats via alteration of gut microbiota.
Utilisation of patient‐centred outcome measures in age‐related macular degeneration research and clinical practice: A systematic review
Authors: Loo Cheng Yi , Fenwick Eva K. , Man Ryan E. K. , Lamoureux Ecosse L. , Tan Anna C. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo identify the utilisation, type, and psychometric properties of patient‐centered outcome measures (PCOMs) associated with the performance‐based assessment of visual function (VF) in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) in clinical care and research.MethodsA systematic literature search identified studies, available in English, that used PCOMs to assess VF in patients with any AMD severity, published from January 2015 to November 2023. Two researchers screened studies for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) 2018 and assessed the psychometric properties of the PCOMs with the guidance of Consensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN).ResultsOf 514 studies shortlisted in the literature, 31 were eligible with the majority (77.4%) fulfilling all the MMAT criteria, indicating good quality. The most used PCOM was reading (14/31 = 45.1%), with 5 of the 14 studies (35.7%) showing that the increasing severity and/or progression of AMD were associated with a worsening reading ability. AMD also negatively affected mobility and physical activity levels (7/31 = 22.6%), and visual search and exploration (4/31 = 12.9%). Based on the COSMIN checklist, apart from reading and physical activity measured with the accelerometer, the other PCOMs had ‘inadequate’ psychometric properties.ConclusionsLimited published studies include PCOMs as an assessment of VF in AMD patients. Apart from reading, there is a lack of robust validation data to support the widespread use of other PCOMs. Hence, well‐designed, robustly validated, and simple to use PCOMs are required for more widespread implementation in AMD clinical care and research.
Heart Transplant Outcomes in Older Adults in the Modern Era of Transplant
Authors: Golob Stephanie , Leiva Orly , Goldberg Randal , Kadosh Bernard , Nazeer Haider , Alam Amit , Rao Shaline , Moazami Nader , Dodson John A. , Reyentovich Alex 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBecause of advances in medical treatment of heart failure, patients are living longer than in previous eras and may approach the need for advanced therapies, including heart transplantation, at older ages. This study assesses practices surrounding heart transplant in older adults (> 70 years) and examines short‐ and medium‐term outcomes.Methods and ResultsThis study is a retrospective analysis using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database from 2010 to 2021. The absolute number of older adults being transplanted is increasing. Older adults were more likely to have had a prior malignancy or ischemic cardiomyopathy and less likely to be on extra‐corporeal membrane oxygenation or have a high UNOS status prior to transplant. Mortality at 1‐year was higher for older adults (27.8% vs. 23.4%), but at 5 years there was no significant difference (22.3% vs. 19.4%.). Older adults were more likely to die of malignancy or infection. Adults under 70 were more likely to die of cardiovascular causes or graft failure. There was less rejection in older adults. Mortality has not changed for older adults transplanted before versus after the 2018 UNOS allocation change.ConclusionsCarefully selected older adults may be considered for heart transplantation, given similar intermediate‐term mortality.
Overweight Impacts Histological Disease Activity of De Novo Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Campos‐Murguia Alejandro , Guetzlaff Lea , Bosselmann Emily , Engel Bastian , Hartleben Björn , Wedemeyer Heiner , Jaeckel Elmar , Taubert Richard , Hupa‐Breier Katharina Luise 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading indication for liver transplantation (LT), but also occurs after LT. The prevalence of de novo MASLD (dnMASLD) after LT, based on both surveillance (svLbx) and indication biopsies (indLbx), is unknown. Furthermore, the impact of the distinct cardiometabolic risk factors on histological disease activity has not been assessed. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dnMASLD and the association between the cardiometabolic risk factors and histological disease activity.MethodsWe performed a retrospective single‐center study in a LT cohort with indLbx and svLbx. Patients with NAFLD before LT were excluded.ResultsWe analyzed 249 patients who underwent either svLbx or indLbx. Forty‐eight (19.2%) had either dnMASLD (n = 26/249, 10.4%) or metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (dnMASH) (n = 22/249, 8.8%). Although dnMASLD/dnMASH was more frequent in indLbx (35.1%, p < 0.01), still 16.5% of patients with svLbx had dnMASLD/dnMASH. While overweight (p < 0.01) and diabetes (p = 0.01) were more frequent in patients with dnMASH, only overweight was associated with histological disease activity in the multivariate analysis. No impact of dnMASLD on the overall survival was observed.ConclusionWhile dnMASLD is more frequent in patients with indLBX, it also occurs in 16.5% of patients without signs of graft dysfunction. Overweight has the strongest impact on histological disease activity and should be monitored carefully after LT.
What motivates people with type 2 diabetes mellitus to participate in clinical trials from home?
Authors: Kopanz Julia , Lagerwaard Bart , Beran Magdalena , Veldwijk Jorien , Mader Julia K. , Pöttler Tina , Tews Dietrich , Grobbee Diederick E. , Zuidgeest Mira G. P. ,   the Trials@Home consortium
Published: November 2024

AbstractDecentralized clinical trials (DCTs), in which all or part of the trial activities are moved to the participants' immediate surroundings, promise to improve trial conduct. However, no evidence is available on what motivates people to participate in DCTs. Our aim was to determine the drivers and perceptions for participation in clinical trials with different decentralization levels in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Five focus groups were conducted utilizing the nominal group technique in the Netherlands (n = 1), Germany (n = 1), and Austria (n = 3) with four to six participants per group. The focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. Of the 26 participants (10 females, median age: 66 years [IQR: 62–72]) 42% had previously participated in a trial, and almost all had internet access at home (96%). A total of seven main themes regarding participation in clinical trials (location, time investment, contact with healthcare professionals (HCPs), digital technologies, data collection, perceived risk, and motivation) were identified, of which a total of 20 drivers emerged. Perceptions regarding trial participation differed widely among participants, and individual preferences influenced which drivers were considered more important by participants. Flexibility of location and time spent on the trial were identified as the most motivating factors for participation in DCTs. Some drivers, such as digital infrastructure, digital literacy, home visits, personal interaction, and relationship with HCPs were perceived as both enablers and barriers, depending on personal preferences. However, most of the potential barriers regarding DCTs may be resolved by addressing them in the design of future DCTs.
Spatiotemporal Hotspots of Juvenile Bigeye and Yellowfin Tuna Catches Under Drifting Fish‐Aggregating Devices in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean to Define Moratorium Strata
Authors: Akia Sosthene Alban Valeryn , Guéry Loreleï , Pascual‐Alayón Pedro J. , Gaertner Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo reduce catches of juvenile bigeye and yellowfin tuna, while maintaining skipjack catches under drifting fish aggregating devices (dFAD), we analyzed spatiotemporal distributions of dFAD catches by European purse seiners in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean during 1996–2019. To detect hotspots of juvenile dFAD catches, we: identified periods of maximum abundance using a seasonal sub‐series diagram; normalized monthly FAD catches per unit effort; and used emerging hotspots analysis on spatiotemporal density. Two main spatiotemporal strata were identified in the Guinean Gulf, which could be used to establish moratoria on dFAD fishing. These spatiotemporal strata differed from the existing ICCAT moratorium, which spanned a larger part of the African coast. Our findings also indicated that time‐area closures of dFAD‐fishing lasting 3–4 months in smaller areas could be more effective than the current dFAD moratorium to reduce unwanted bycatch in the Eastern Atlantic region. The two metrics we developed for comparison provided clear and measurable evidence that demonstrated how strategic and data‐informed moratoriums can lead to substantial improvements in conservation.
Occipital neuralgia as an initial manifestation of atypical Lemierre syndrome: A case report
Authors: Hanazono Akira , Yasuda Keita , Nagata Atsuyoshi , Kitamura Toshiharu , Sugawara Masashiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLemierre syndrome is a life‐threatening but treatable septic thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) derived from a craniocervical bacterial infection. Metastatic septic embolization is common. However, diagnostic delay and poor prognosis remain a problem, largely due to the diverse clinical presentations and unclear symptomatology of Lemierre syndrome. In contrast, occipital neuralgia is a common disease typically treated with symptomatic therapy in emergency settings, as most cases are not life‐threatening. The present case involved a 70‐year‐old female with Lemierre syndrome stemming from Streptococcus anginosus infection originating in sinusitis or periodontitis. The onset was characterized by headache with typical occipital neuralgia, a severe trigger point in the posterior neck ipsilateral to the infected IJV, and reduced sensation of the C2 nerve root area. Given the anatomical relationship of the cranial venous emissary system into the posterior cervical venous plexus, the case highlights the potential for the neighboring occipital nerve to be directly involved in Lemierre syndrome. Interestingly, despite Lemierre syndrome typically arising from pharyngeal bacterial infections and infected IJV located in the “anterior” neck, many prior case reports have described “occipital” or “posterior” pain at the head or neck. History taking and physical examination remain essential to identify the causes of these posterior/occipital symptoms, since imaging investigations, as in this case, often fail to identify them. Early recognition of occipital neuralgia as a potential initial symptom of Lemierre syndrome could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, potentially improving patient outcomes.
INHERITANCE AND INCEST: TOWARD A LÉVI‐STRAUSSIAN READING OF MONTESQUIEU'S DE L'ESPRIT DES LOIS1
Authors: Cheney Paul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe premise of this article is that Montesquieu, while seen as an Enlightenment thinker who contributed centrally to the development of the social sciences before the period of discipline formation in the nineteenth century, is generally appreciated in only the vaguest of terms. To the degree that he has been seen as a social theorist rather than as a belletrist or a political writer, scholars have had to amputate major sections of his masterwork, De l'esprit des lois (1748). In so doing, they have tended to give false or at least only partial readings of a work whose author insisted must be read as a whole. This article proceeds in an unorthodox fashion—at least for a historian—through a reading of De l'esprit des lois against Claude Lévi‐Strauss's Les structures élémentaires de la parenté (1949). Through this parallel reading, I establish that Montesquieu's treatment of inheritance bears a remarkable homology with Lévi‐Strauss's treatment of incest in Les structures élémentaires. These authors saw their respective objects—the incest taboo, in one case, and inheritance law, in the other—as fundamental to regulating sociability itself. This technique offers a more unified reading of De l'esprit des lois and, in so doing, reassesses Montesquieu's contribution to modern social theory. From a methodological point of view, I am hoping to interest my readers in an alternative way of reading historical texts: juxtaposing texts or corpora that do not have the clear genetic links between them that are generally highly valued by historians. This is an example of what Robert B. Pippin has called “interanimation” and what I have elsewhere likened to the painterly technique of simultaneous contrast.
The impact of land use on the acoustic behaviour of cicadas in the Chocó lowland tropical forest of Ecuador
Authors: Gindhart Rosa , Müller Jörg , Burivalova Zuzana , Blüthgen Nico , Busse Annika , de la Hoz Maria , Donoso David A. , Feldhaar Heike , Grella Nina , Kortmann Mareike , Kriegel Peter , Kümmet Sonja , Newell Felicity L. , Püls Marcel , Schaefer H. Martin , Seibold Sebastian , Tremlett Constance J. , Mitesser Oliver 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The biodiversity of tropical rainforests is under extreme pressure due to the expansion of agricultural land. Beyond the immediate risk of species extinction, the intensification of land use can alter species' behaviour with consequences for the entire ecosystem.
In this study we investigated the impact of land use on the acoustic behaviour of cicadas in the highly biodiverse Ecuadorian Chocó region. We used passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) for the collection of audio data, from which we identified and analysed the sound activity of cicadas and the structure of daily patterns along a chronosequence of forest recovery. At landscape scale we studied the impact of a surrounding either dominated by agricultural land use or forests on the acoustic behaviour of cicadas.
Cicada sound activity was significantly lower in active agriculture compared to undisturbed old‐growth forest and increased along the forest recovery gradient. The diurnal pattern changed from simple in active agriculture to more complex and highly synchronized along the recovery gradient towards old‐growth forests. A surrounding dominated by agricultural land use additionally reduced the sound activity of cicadas and simplified the diurnal pattern in old‐growth forests.
Taken together, agricultural land use at local and landscape scales affects overall activity, diurnal patterns and synchrony of vocalizing song cicadas. This is a concerning trend considering the direct link between chorusing and fitness for cicadas. However, mature restoration forests embedded in forest dominated landscape surroundings showed restored cicada song behaviours similar to those of old‐growth forests, which underlines the conservation value of advanced secondary forests and the importance to support forest regeneration in the tropics.
Examining the Effects of the L2 Learning Experience on the Ideal L2 Self and Ought‐to L2 Self in a Japanese University Context
Authors: Huang Jerry , Mizumoto Atsushi , Bailey Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDörnyei's L2 motivational self‐system (L2MSS) is a dominant theory within the field of language motivation research. In this study, we explore the interrelationship between the three central components of L2MSS, with a particular focus on the often‐overlooked L2 learning experience (L2LE). While previous research has primarily examined the Ideal L2 Self and Ought‐to L2 Self in relation to various factors, this paper explores the impact of the L2LE on these two motivational constructs. We collected and analyzed data from 238 surveys administered online to Japanese university students using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that the L2LE has a causal pathway toward both the Ideal L2 Self and Ought‐to L2 Self, characterized by a moderate to strong degree of influence. Furthermore, there exists a moderate to strong causal relationship between the Ideal L2 Self and the Ought‐to L2 Self. The results of this study should have clear implications for educators and researchers, as it shows the importance of the L2LE and should encourage further research into this still underexplored construct.