bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic papillectomy and endoscopic papillosphincterotomy for benign diseases of the major duodenal papilla
Authors: V. P. Slobodiannyk  , V. A. Zosym  , D. A. Ragushyn  , Yu. Yu. Voievoda  , A. P. Kurilenko  , K. D. Tkach  
Published: January 2019

The aim — to evaluate the possibility of clinical application of the major duodenal papilla resection by endoscopic techniques for various diseases.Materials and methods. 32 patients with benign stenosis and benign tumours of major duodenal papilla were treated in 2014 — 2017. Of these, 10 (31.25 %) women and 22 (68.75 %) men were between the ages of 36 and 64, the average age were 52 years. Depending on the nature of major duodenal papilla (MDP) lesions and their endoscopic treatment types, patients with MDP disease were divided into two groups: first group — 21 patients (65.6 %) with benign stenosis of the MDP and the second group with 11 patients (34.3 %) with benign tumours of MDP. Loop electro excision was performed in 9 patients, a combination of loop electroexcitation with sphincterotomy (EST) was performed in 13 patients, a combination of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) with argon‑plasma destruction in 6 patients, a combination of EP and electrical destruction in 5 patients. Endoprosthesis of the common bile duct was performed in 9 patients, 4 patients underwent endoprosthetics of the pancreatic duct, and endoprosthetics of both ducts were performed in 19 patients.Results and discussion. Complications were noted in 9 (28.1 %) patients. In the long‑term period, all patients are alive, functional disorders of the organs were not revealed.Conclusions. Endoscopic examination allows to determine the visual signs of MDP lesions (the papilla tissue changes). The diagnostic efficiency of ERCPG was 81.5 %. Clinical experience has shown that EPST can significantly reduce the number of repeated surgical operations on the biliary tract and significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality rate in patients with hepatopancreatoduodenal area pathology.
The first experience of fluorescence laparoscopy for cholecystectomy, the bile ducts and the colon surgery
Authors: A. V. Malinovskiy  , M. M. Mayorenko  , S. Y. Badion  , M. M. Galimon  
Published: January 2019

The aim — to analyse of the first experience with the use of fluorescence laparoscopy (FL) in technically difficult cholecystectomies, revision of the choledochus, lymphodection, colon resection and to assess the blood supply of the anastomosis sites.Materials and methods. Fluorescence laparoscopy was applied in 7 cholecystectomies for acute calculous cholecystitis, 6 common bile duct laparoscopic revisions to estimate the patency (first‑time used technique), laparoscopic right‑side hemicolectomy for estimation the blood supply of anastomosing intestinal areas and open resection of the transverse colon during limfodissections.Results and discussion. In cholecystectomies (fluorescence cholangiography), the duration of the operation and the average time to achieve a «critical type of safety» were reduced to 30 minutes compared with the comparison group (45 minutes). During the intraoperative revision of the choledochus in 1 case of fluorescence in the duodenum was not detected, which showed its obstruction (calculus inclusions). In other cases, the choledochal patency was preserved, which was associated with transient choledocholithiasis. With right‑sided hemicolectomy by fluorescent angiography, adequate blood supply to the colon stump has been proven. With open resection of the transverse colon, fluorescence lymphography was successfully used to visualize the apical lymph nodes at the mouth of the middle colon artery.Conclusions. The first experience showed that fluorescence laparoscopy allows to facilitate and accelerate dissection in case of technically difficult cholecystectomies, to assess the passage of the common bile duct in distinct cases (for example, transient choledocholithiasis), to evaluate the blood supply of the anastomotic sites in colon resections, and to monitor the adequacy of lymph node dissection.
The rationale of the method of reductional mastopexia for prevention of the postpaparative volume asymmetry of breast
Authors: V. G. Mishalov  , M. I. Slyusarev  , I.Yu. Slyusarev  , L.Yu. Markulan  
Published: January 2019

The aim — to define mechanisms of formation of secondary relative volumetric breast asymmetry after reductional mammoplasty and to develop a method of its prevention.Materials and methods. In a prospective study, 118 women aged 24 years to 57 years (on average 37.5 ± 0.7 years) were treated by WISE method in the period from 2012 to 2017 in LLC Clinic of Plastic Cosmetic Surgery in Poltava. The comparison group (group C) consisted of the patient, who performed reductional mastopexy (RMP) with the same volume of tissue reduction in both breasts; the main group (group M) — with different volume of tissue reduction in both breasts, which was calculated depending on the base‑line absolute volumetric breast asymmetry (AVBA). The volume of breast in pre‑and postoperative periods was determined by the author’s method. AOAMZ and VOAMZ were evaluated. The analysis of the data obtained was performed using discrete statistics, the comparison of mean values of variables using the Man‑Whitney U‑criterion and the comparison of the particle variables using the Pearson Hi‑squared. The calculations were made using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.Results and discussion. In the patients of group P after RMP, the average value of AVBA remained stable, while an increasement in the value of relative volumetric breast asymmetry (RVBA) was noted in average values from 14.9 ± 0.8 % to 17.5 ± 1.1 %, and in the group of patients with RVBA indicators, which exceed the norm: 21.8 % vs. 5.5 %, p = 0.012. The increasement in the value of RVBA was associated with a decreasement in the volume of breast. Removal of bigger portion of larger breast in comparison with smaller breast, based on preoperative AVBA in patients in group M allowed to reduce the RVBA index from 13.6 ± 0.7 % to 2.9 ± 0.3 % (from 0 % to 8, 3 %).Conclusions. After RMP with the removal of equal volumes of tissue in both breasts, the AVBA remains constant, and RVBA increases and in 21.8 % of patients exceeds the population norm. Removal of larger portion of breast in comparison with smaller breast, based on preoperative RVBA, allows to reduce the pre‑surgery RVBA and to avoid its values higher than the popular norm.
Perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum by foreign body. Case study
Authors: O. M. Shatilo  , B. I. Shevchuk  , V. G. Shklyaev  , A. A. Hodovaniuk  
Published: January 2019

Meckel’s diverticulum is a congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, which occurs in 2 to 4 % of the individuals in the general population. There is no gender difference in the frequency of detection, although the incidence of complications among males is 3 to 4 times higher. Of the complications, the most common are bleeding, invagination, intestinal obstruction, perforation, very rarely — bladder — diverticular fistulas and tumors. The clinical case of Meckel’s diverticulum perforation by a wooden chip imitating the acute appendicitis clinic is presented.
The surgical treatment of patients with abdominal aorta aneurysm combined with carotid artery stenosis
Authors: P. I. Nikulikov  , A. V. Ratushniuk  , O. V. Liksunov  , O. L. Babii  , A.V.  Gomeniuk  
Published: January 2019

The aim — to improve the treatment results of patients with a bdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA) by reducing their neurological complications risk.Materials and methods. During 2001 — 2018 an ultrasound duplex scan of carotid arteries was performed for 847 patients with AAA. In 84 (9.9 %) patients, concomitant stenosis of the internal carotid artery > 75 % was found. The average age of the patients was 61.3 ± 2.7 years. Men prevailed among the patients (78 (92.9 %)). All patients underwent a comprehensive examination. One‑stage carotid endarterectomy and open resection of AAA were performed in 25 (29.8 %) patients, staged carotid endarterectomy with the second stage of AAA repair — in 24 (28.6 %), staged AAA resection with the second stage of carotid arteries revascularization — in 16 (19.1 %) patients. Two‑stages intervention was performed in 7 (8.3 %) patients with a combination of an internal carotid artery stenosis, AAA and peripheral artery disease , the first stage was intervention on the carotid arteries, on the second stage (from 3 to 7 days) the reconstruction of the abdominal aorta and arteries of the lower extremities were done. In 7 (8.3 %) patients with concomitant coronary artery disease the two‑stages intervention was performed, with the primary one‑stage revascularization of the carotid and coronary arteries, and in 5 (6.0 %) — three‑staged reconstruction in the following sequence: carotid endarterectomy, coronary artery bypass grafting, reconstruction of the abdominal aorta.Results and discussion. No case of cerebrovascular accident in patients undergoing primary revascularization of the carotid arteries, either simultaneous, or staged was noted. In a group of patients who underwent an intervention on the abdominal aorta without carotid and coronary pathology correction, 1 patient developed ischemic stroke with a fatal outcome. Another 1 patient had myocardial infarction in the first postoperative day. The overall level of neurological complications was 1.2 %. The duration of hospitalization was 11.7 ± 0.7 days for patients with simultaneous interventions and 19.5 ± 0.6 days for staged treatment, stay duration in the intensive care unit were 2.1 ± 0.3 and 4.3 ± 0.5 days respectively.Conclusions. During planning of interventions on AAA the screening test of even clinically non‑manifested arterial segments (carotid and coronary arteries, arteries of the lower extremities) is necessary according to multi‑vascular nature of atherosclerotic lesions. The primary revascularization of the carotid arteries (symptomatic stenoses over 75 %, asymptomatic stenoses with high embolic risk) has to be done prior to the reconstruction of the AAA. The method of one‑stage operation on carotid arteries and abdominal aorta with a weighted risk assessment and plan of aortic intervention is more appropriate.
Experimental Study of Solar Still Under Influence of Various Conditions
Authors: Hammadi Mowaffaq Ali , Jasim Najim Abid 
Published: January 2019

In the present work, experimental tests was done to explain the effect of insulation and water level on the yield output. Linear basin, single slope solar still used to do this purpose. The test was done from May to August 2017 in Mosul City-Iraq (Latitude: Longitude: Elevation: 200 m, and South-East face). Experimental results showed that the yield output of the still increased by 20.785% and 19.864% in case of using thermal insulation at 4cm and 5cm respectively, also the yield output decrease by 15.134% as the water level increase from 4 to 5cm, with the presence of insulation and 14.147% without it. It has been conclude that the insulation and water level play important role in the process of passive solar desalination, also the desalination process has significant value at night and cannot be ignored.
Enhancement in Lubricating, Rheological, and Filtration Properties of Unweighted Water-Based Mud Using XC Polymer NPs
Authors: Salam Massara , Al-Zubaidi Nada S. , Al-Wasiti Asawer A. 
Published: January 2019

In this research, an enhancement in lubricating, rheological, and filtration properties of unweighted water-based mud is fundamentally investigated using XC polymer NPs with 0.2gm, 0.5gm, 1gm, 2gm, and 4gm concentrations. Bentonite, that had been used in the preparation of unweighted water-based mud, was characterized using XRF-1800 Sequential X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer, XRD-6100/7000 X-ray Diffractometer, and Malvern Mastersizer 2000 particle size analyzer, respectively. Lubricating, rheology and filtration properties of unweighted water-based mud were measured at room temperature (35°C) using OFITE EP and Lubricity Tester, OFITE Model 900 Viscometer, and OFITE Low-Pressure Filter Press, respectively. XC Polymer NPs show a good enhancement in lubricating, rheology and filtration properties of unweighted water-based mud. The effect of XC Polymer NPs on lubricating properties was denoted at 4gm concentration, where the reduction percentage in COF was 30%. An increase in PV, YP, AV, gel strength of unweighted water-based mud was obtained due to the addition of XC Polymer NPs at concentrations up to 4gm. A reduction in filtrate volume and mud cake thickness of unweighted water-based mud was obtained due to the addition of XC Polymer NPs at 2gm and 4gm concentrations, the best result was obtained with using 4gm concentration, the reduction percentage of filtrate volume was 20.7% and mud cake thickness was 41%.
Knowledge of dietary habit and behavior-related determinants of non-communicable disease in women of urban setting of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Baral Dharanidhar , Bhattarai Sailesh , Shrestha Abha , Manandhar Nisha , Jha Nilambar 
Published: January 2019

Background: The non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the leading causes of death globally which accounts for 68% out of world’s 56 million deaths in 2012. Around 82% of the premature deaths due to NCDs occur in the low-and middle-income countries and 40% of global NCD-related deaths take place before the age of 70. The study aimed to assess knowledge of dietary habits and behaviour-related determinants of NCD in urban Nepalese women of Eastern Nepal.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed by using interviewer-administered questionnaire regarding knowledge on NCD. The definitions used for the study adopted the WHO STEP wise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey. A total 706 women aged 20–59 years were selected randomly from Inaruwa Municipality of Eastern Nepal.
Results: The overall knowledge scores was found to be 62.14% with standard deviation 14.93% and it build up that the diet- and behaviour-related causes (mean score 75.25%), diet quality (mean score 45.27%) fruit and vegetable link (mean score 30.02%), health consequences of obesity (mean score 76.82%), causes of cardiovascular disease (mean score 77.08%) and causes of certain cancers (mean score 36.10%) were calculated. The total score of knowledge regarding NCD was found to be significant with caste/ethnicity, education level, occupation, socioeconomic status, physical activity and fruit intake.
Conclusions: Findings revealed the population had good overall knowledge concerning diet and nutrition related to NCD in the relatively new context of the obesity epidemic in urban set up of Nepal. However, there was poor knowledge of the benefit of eating fruit and vegetables and other preventable causes of certain cancers. Nutrition education messages need to be communicated within the general population of women. Education targeting the benefits of vegetables and fruit may have the positive impact on NCD prevention.
Association between the clinical findings and chest radiographs in children with severe pneumonia aged 1 month to 5 years
Authors: Sah Vijay Kumar , Giri Arun , Niraula Niraj 
Published: January 2019

Background: Pneumonia is the main cause of death among children under five years of age particularly in developing countries. According to the WHO, there are more than 15 million cases representing 7-13% of pneumonia cases annually which necessitate hospital admission due to their severity. There is paucity of data regarding the clinical spectrum and the epidemiology of severe pneumonia from eastern part of Nepal. It is important to understand the clinical spectrum and the epidemiology of severe pneumonia at local level to better define problem and to draw inferences for management and policy formulation.
Material and Methods: A hospital based retrospective observational study conducted at Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. One hundred and forty four cases with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia were studied over a period of one year. All the cases from 1 month to 5 years of age fulfilling the standard WHO case definition of severe pneumonia were included in the study. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the clinical profile and investigations.
Results: A total of 144 cases were studied and analyzed. The age range was from 1 month to 5 years. The mean age of the cases was 13.56 months. Majority of the cases belonged to age group of 1-6 months 40.27% (n=58). There was a male preponderance in our study comprising 58.3% (n=84) of males and 41.7% (n=60) of females. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms present in all cases, fever being present in 95.8% (n=136) cases and cough was present in 98.6% (n=142) cases. The most common radiological finding in our study was bronchopneumonia in 27.8% (n=40) cases followed by lobar pneumonia in 24.3% (n=35) cases and interstitial pneumonia in 18.8% (n=27) cases. Complications were present in 6.9% (n=10) cases and 22.2% (n=32) of the cases had no radiological abnormalities. Among the studied symptoms and signs of severe pneumonia, hurried breathing (p<0.001), wheeze (p=0.016), refusal of feeds (p=0.001), altered sensorium (p=0.006) and previous history of acute respiratory infections showed significant association with radiological abnormalities.
Conclusion: Children of severe pneumonia presenting with fast breathing, wheeze, altered sensorium, refusal of feeding and past history of acute respiratory infections showed significant association with abnormal chest radiographs.
Study of the Amplitude of Accommodation and its Relation to Errors of Refraction: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Chaudhary Neha Priyadarshani , Gautam Pramod Sharma , Dahal Sagar , Acharya Devendra 
Published: January 2019

Background: The unique ability of the eye to vary the refractive power of the lens and to focus on things at a range of distances is called accommodation. The reduction of this ability in which the near point recedes further away from comfortable reading distance is called presbyopia. There is continuing research to understand this process and correct this affliction that affects each and every person at the peak of their productive life. With an aging population, the proportion of people above 40 years is on the rise. This will therefore have public health and economic implications.
Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective study which was conducted in 100 presbyopic patients in age group of 35 to 60 years at outpatient department of ophthalmology in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, from 1st October 2016 to 30th March 2017. The amplitude of accommodation was calculated by measuring near point of accommodation with the help of RAF rule and the data collected was subjected to statistical analysis.
Results: Out of 100 patients in this study who visited our OPD with presbyopic complains, the no. of hypermetropic patients were highest (56%) and they presented with presbyopic symptoms at an early age as compared to myopes, while the no. of myopic patients were less(13%) and they presented late with presbyopic symptoms. The mean amplitude of accommodation was highest in myopes in all age group (3.35 D in 36-40 year age group which reduced to 2.65 D in 56-60 year age group).There was stastistically significant difference in amplitude of accommodation between myopia and hypermetropia in all age groups except in 56-60 year age group.
Conlusion: The amplitude of accommodation is generally higher in myopes in all age groups as compared to hypermetropes and emmetropes and they usually develope presbyopic symtoms later in life.
Comparative study of laparoscopic hernia repair versus open hernia repair
Authors: Yadav Rohit Prasad , Thakur Dipendra , Baskota Bashu Dev , Shah Amit Kumar , Thapa Kaushal Samsher , Gharti Sakar Babu 
Published: January 2019

Background: Hernia is the abnormal exit of an organ or fatty tissue, such as the bowel, through the weak wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. Repair of inguinal hernia is common surgical procedures. This study aims to compare between laparoscopic and open hernia repair.
Method: Study is non randomized comparative study. Study includes 76 patients who had undergone surgery for hernioplasty. Among them 38 undergone laparoscopic hernioplasty and 38 undergone open hernioplasty from June 2016 to August 2018.
Results: Mean hospital stay was 2.95 days in group 1 and 4.03 in group 2 .VAS was found to be 2.45 in group 1 and 5.71 in group 2 which is significantly low in group 1 patients with p<0.001. Duration of surgery is more in group 1 with mean duration of 94.08 minutes comparing to group 2 with mean duration of 43.55 minutes (with p<0.001).
Conclusion: Laparoscopic hernia repair offers advantages over open repair in terms of less hospital stay and lower pain score for patient not contraindicated for general anesthesia and complicated hernia.
Comparative Trials of 5% Permethrin Lotions Vs 1% Gamma Benzene Hexachloride Lotions in Treatment of Scabies
Authors: Pradhan Manish , Rai Dipa , Paudel Sagar , Jha Chandra Bhal 
Published: January 2019

Background: Scabies is a contagious pruritic skin condition caused by the mite Sarcoptesscabiei var. hominis, and it is one of the major public health problem in developing country like ours. To determine and compare the efficacy of topical permethrin and topical gamma benzene hexachloride in treatment of scabies in population of Nepal.
Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, comparative study conducted in 300 diagnosed cases of scabies treated with permethrin and gamma benzene hexachloride.
Results: At the end of 2nd week, treatment was effective in 91.2% cases in permethrin (group A) and 64.6% in gamma benzene hexachloride (group B). After switch over of the non-improved patients to the other group drug, 6.7% were treated successfully with gamma benzene hexachloride and 80.9% were treated successfully with permethrin at the end of 4th week. No major side effects were observed in both groups. Gamma benzene hexachloride was found to be cost effective than permethrin.
Conclusion: Permethrin was found to be more effective than gamma benzene hexachloride in treatment of scabies.
Intracerebral hemorrhage: epidemiology and surgical options from a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Cherian Iype , Amatya Salona , Burhan Hira 
Published: January 2019

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10 to 20% of strokes. Based on the precise site and size of the hematoma, ICH can manifest a range of clinical and radiological deficits. The role of surgical removal of hematoma has by far been controversial, and despite large clinical trials, the efficacy of surgery remains controversial. In this paper, we descried our experience of ICH and its epidemiology along with the outcomes of patients undergoing surgical removal of hematoma secondary to ICH.
Patient And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from April to September 2018 in a tertiary care center in Nepal. 102 patients undergoing surgery using trans-cortical, trans-sylvian or endoscopic approaches were included, and their outcomes were assessed using a 5-point GOS at a 6-weeks follow-up.
Results: A total of 102 patients were included in the study. Out of these, 54 were males(mean age: 54.7), and 48females (mean age: 56.13). Smoking was common in 42.2% of patients and alcohol intake (15.7%). The site of hematoma was 55.9% basal ganglia bleed and 44.1% hemorrhages of the frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal lobes collectively. Surgical outcomes at a 6-weeks follow up included a mortality of 11.8% (n=12), 27.5% (n=28) with moderate disability, and 60.8% (n=62) with good recovery.
Conclusion: The etiology of ICH is attributed to a spectrum of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Treatment strategies should focus on prevention of progression to secondary brain damage. Surgical intervention, if performed during the ideal time-window provides a good outcome in patients with ICH. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and best treatment strategy.