bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Protestant Rethinking of Economics for a Healthier World
Authors: Johnston Carol Frances 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNeoclassical economic theory delivered upon its promise. It showed how the liberation of markets from government constraints could bring about a rapid expansion in the production of consumer goods. That was a major accomplishment. However, it came with a price in terms of social fragmentation, economic inequality, and a planetary ecosystem that is now overwhelmed by human activity. Continuing to follow the course plotted by conventional economics is a path to disaster. The world needs alternatives. Marxism has been tried and found wanting in many respects, including its abysmal environmental record. This article offers help from an unlikely source: insights of Reformed Protestantism that can be traced back to John Calvin in the 16th century. Although Calvin and Calvinism are better known for a harsh view of human sinfulness, Calvin also contributed to the development of liberal democracies by advocating representative government, universal education, and greater participation by more people. Reformed theology emphasizes the importance of widespread participation in decisions, including economic decisions, at every level of society, and provides a positive role for institutions, including government, to protect the common good. It also points toward the need to situate economic policy in the larger domains of social and ecological health. Above all, it denies the validity of any economic system that deifies economics as such, and provides criteria for judging the effectiveness of economic systems as well as the evils of externalizing social and environmental costs in the name of a false efficiency.
The Reality and Diversity of Buddhist Economics
Authors: Drechsler Wolfgang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis essay develops three central points:

Buddhist economics (BE), like most religion‐based economics, is not only an extrapolation from the basic texts but is also how BE has recently been practiced. Examples of that practice include the application of the concept of “Gross National Happiness” in Bhutan, the implementation of a “sufficiency economy” in Thailand, and action based on the principle of the Unification of King and People in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
BE as a concept comes originally from an outside understanding of Buddhism that entails perspectives that text‐based BE might not have.
Buddhism, as such, is at odds with standard textbook economics (STE). BE thus potentially forms its own economic paradigm, but BE as practiced often coexists with STE.
Discussing these points will hopefully result in seeing that there is considerable diversity within BE and that there is such a thing as real, existing BE that truly does matter.
New insights into germ cell tumor genomics
Authors: Lafin J.T. , Bagrodia A. , Woldu S. , Amatruda J. F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent the most common malignancy in young men. While GCTs represent a model for curable solid tumors due to exquisite chemosensitivity, mortality for patients with GCT comprises the most life years lost for non‐pediatric malignancies. Given limited options for patients with platinum‐resistant disease, improved insight into GCT biology could identify novel therapeutic options for patients with platinum‐resistant disease. Recent studies into molecular characteristics of both early stage and advanced germ cell tumors suggest a role for rationally targeted agents and potentially immunotherapy.Recent developmentsRecent GWAS meta‐analyses have uncovered additional susceptibility loci for GCT and provide further evidence that GCT risk is polygenic. Chromosome arm level amplifications and reciprocal loss of heterozygosity have been described as significantly enriched in GCT compared to other cancer types. Contemporary analyses confirm ubiquitous gain of isochromosome 12 and mutations in addition to previously described GCT‐associated genes such as KIT and KRAS. Alterations within the TP53‐MDM2 signal transduction pathway appear to be enriched among patients with platinum‐resistant disease. Potentially actionable targets, including alterations in TP53‐MDM2, Wnt/β‐catenin, PI3K, and MAPK signaling, are present in significant proportions of patients with platinum‐resistant disease and may be exploited as therapeutic options. Pre‐clinical and early clinical data also suggest a potential role for immunotherapy among patients with GCTs.ConclusionMolecular characterization of GCT patients may provide biologic rationale for novel treatment options in patients with platinum‐resistant disease.
Electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic valve stenosis: Correlation with echocardiographic parameters
Authors: Bula Karolina , Ćmiel Anna , Sejud Monika , Sobczyk Karolina , Ryszkiewicz Sylwia , Szydło Krzysztof , Wita Marcin , Mizia‐Stec Katarzyna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundAortic valve stenosis (AS) generates a chronic pressure overload that induces left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of the electrocardiographic criteria for LVH in patients with clinically significant AS and to evaluate the relationship between the ECG criteria for LVH and echocardiographic parameters.MethodsThe clinical data of 95 patients with moderate to severe AS were retrospectively analyzed. Eight ECG criteria for LVH were used and compared to the results of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).ResultsIn 59% of patients, at least one of the ECG criteria for LVH was found. These patients had a greater LVMI (142.1 ± 35.6 vs. 124.1 ± 22.5 g/m2, p = 0.01) and peak aortic jet velocity (4.2 ± 0.8 vs. 3.8 ± 0.9 m/s, p = 0.01) along with smaller aortic valve area (0.72 ± 0.28 vs. 0.86 ± 0.22 cm2, p = 0.02) compared to patients with a negative ECG for LVH. The ECG parameters had a low sensitivity (6%–36.9%) with a specificity of up to 100%. The Cornell Voltage criteria had the best sensitivity with a specificity of 63.6% and the highest correlation with the LVMI (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). All of the ECG parameters correlated positively with the peak aortic jet velocity as well as with the mean aortic gradient.ConclusionThe electrocardiographic criteria for LVH in patients with moderate or severe AS have a poor sensitivity in identifying LVH confirmed by TTE. The values of the selected ECG criteria for LVH correlate weakly with both the TTE indices of LVH and the markers of AS severity.
Retrospective study showed that bacterial gastroenteritis was an important cause of bloody stools in newborn infants
Authors: Yelak Alexander , Marom Ronella , Mandel Dror , Mangel Laurence , Grisaru‐Soen Galia , Adler Amos 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimAcute bacterial gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing countries. We examined the incidence, clinical features and outcomes in the first week of life.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of culture‐proven bacterial gastroenteritis in newborn infants that were diagnosed between January 2011 and September 2018 in a tertiary centre in Israel.ResultsThere were 10 cases of culture‐proven bacterial gastroenteritis, detected out of 91 stool cultures. All infants were born vaginally and nine were full‐term infants. The annual incidence was 0.096 per 1000 live births. The responsible pathogen was Campylobacter in six patients, Salmonella in two and Shigella sonnei in two. The mean age of disease onset was two days of life. Antibiotics were given to five patients, but were inappropriate in two cases. Only one patient with the Shigella sonnei infection required respiratory support. All patients fully recovered.ConclusionOne in ten newborn infants with bloody stools had bacterial gastroenteritis, contradicting the low rates found in other studies and indicating the importance of considering this diagnosis. Antimicrobials active against Salmonella or Shigella should be given to newborn infants who have bloody stools and look ill.
Gastrointestinal sequelae and growth impairment at school age following necrotising enterocolitis in the newborn period
Authors: Hansen M L , Jensen I V , Gregersen R , Juhl S M , Greisen G 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate gastrointestinal sequelae and growth impairment at school age in children who suffered from necrotising enterocolitis (NEC).MethodsThis historic cohort study compared all surviving children born in Denmark between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2011 with NEC in the newborn period, to surviving children without NEC, but same gestational age, birthweight and year of birth. Outcomes were investigated through a parental questionnaire, including gastrointestinal and growth‐related outcomes. We performed exploratory ad hoc analysis, by adjusting for possible confounding and by dividing NEC children into surgical and medical.ResultsIn total, 163 children with NEC (50%) and 237 (36%) without NEC completed the parental questionnaire. Episodes of diarrhoea were more often reported in the NEC group (p = 0.0002). The increased risk seemed to be limited to those who underwent surgery for NEC. The absence from school (1.67 versus 1.31 days), rate of low height for age (17.9 versus 12.1%) and weight (29.9 versus 31.6 kg) did not differ significantly between children with NEC and children without NEC.ConclusionOur findings suggest that long‐term gastrointestinal complications following NEC appeared to be of little clinical importance at the population level and therefore do not encourage specific routine follow‐up.
Early‐life exposure to common virus infections did not differ between coeliac disease patients and controls
Authors: Simre Kärt , Uibo Oivi , Peet Aleksandr , Puustinen Leena , Oikarainen Sami , Tamminen Kirsi , Blazevic Vesna , Tillmann Vallo , Hämäläinen Anu‐Maaria , Härkönen Taina , Siljander Heli , Virtanen Suvi M. , Ilonen Jorma , Hyöty Heikki , Knip Mikael , Uibo Raivo ,   the DIABIMMUNE Study Group
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimOur aim was to compare the presence of various common viruses (rhinovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, norovirus, parechovirus) in stool and nasal swab samples as well as virus‐specific antibodies in serum samples between children who developed coeliac disease and controls.MethodsA case–control study was established based on the DIABIMMUNE Study cohorts. During the study, eight Estonian children and 21 Finnish children aged 1.5 years to five years developed coeliac disease and each was matched with a disease‐free control. Nasal swabs and stool samples were taken at the age of three to six months and the serum samples at the time of diagnosis.ResultsRhinovirus ribonucleic acid was detected in the nasal swabs from five coeliac disease children, but none of the control children (p = 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the level of viral antibodies between cases and controls. Enterovirus immunoglobulin G class antibodies were found more frequently in the Estonian than in the Finnish children (63% versus 23%, p = 0.02).ConclusionThis study did not find any marked overall differences in laboratory‐confirmed common viral infections between the children who developed coeliac disease and the controls. However, rhinovirus infections were detected slightly more often in those patients who developed coeliac disease.
The role of sex‐related voice variation in children's gender‐role stereotype attributions
Authors: Cartei Valentina , Banerjee Robin , Hardouin Loïc , Reby David 
Published: March 2019

In the absence of clear sex differences in vocal anatomy, the expression of gender in pre‐pubertal children's voices has a strong behavioural dimension. However, whether children are sensitive to this gender‐related variation in the voice and use it to make inferences about their peers’ masculinity and femininity remains unexplored. Using a cross‐modal matching task, thirty‐one 7‐ to 8‐year‐olds and forty‐two adults were asked to associate prototypical voices of boys and girls, and their re‐synthesized masculinized and feminized versions, to fictional stereotypically masculine, gender‐neutral, and stereotypically feminine child characters. We found that listeners spontaneously associated stereotypically masculine and feminine descriptors of a child character with masculinized voices and feminized voices, respectively. Adults made overall more stereotypical associations and were less influenced by character sex than children. Our observations highlight for the first time the contribution of acoustic cues to gender stereotyping from childhood, and its potential implications for the gender schema literature.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Research on stereotyping shows children's schematic processing of the visible aspects of gender expression

Psychoacoustic research shows that variation in children's voices affects adults’ judgments of their masculinity

What does this study add?

Children and adults linked voice variation to gender‐stereotypical characterizations of child characters

Adults made overall more stereotypical associations than children and were less influenced by character's sex

Our results highlight the existence of a vocal component in children's and adults’ gender schemas
A multivariable analysis of childhood psychosocial behaviour and household functionality
Authors: Suku Sangeeta , Soni Jinal , Martin Molly A. , Mirza Mansha Parven , Glassgow Anne Elizabeth , Gerges Michael , Van Voorhees Benjamin W. , Caskey Rachel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundSocial determinants of health play a vital role in population health. Awareness of household social factors and their impact on health can help health professionals to provide effective strategies in health promotion, especially for children and adolescents showing signs of psychosocial dysfunction. The objective of this study was to explore the association between parents' perceptions of the psychosocial behaviour of their children and the functionality of their household.MethodsThis cohort study analysed data from the Coordinated Health Care for Complex Kids programme. The sample included 293 parents of children aged 4–17 years with chronic conditions, and from urban, low‐income families. Psychosocial behaviour of the child was measured using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC‐17), which included subscales for internal, external, and attention symptoms. Household functionality was measured using the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale. Responses to both assessments were scored in a standard manner.ResultsThere was a significant association between parents' perceptions of the psychosocial behaviour of their children and the functionality of the home environment. The mean Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale scores in the home environment improved from baseline to the first reassessment (the period between the two assessments ranged from 4 to 8 months). Additionally, positive PSC‐17 screening results of the children decreased by 11% in the first reassessment. The odds of having a positive PSC‐17 screening result also decreased in the first reassessment after receiving interventions.ConclusionThe association between psychosocial dysfunction and household functionality indicates the importance of family‐centred care and taking the home environment into consideration when administering health services to low‐income children with chronic conditions. This study brings attention to the more hidden factors that influence child mental health, which must be addressed to improve care delivery and child health outcomes.
Assessment of three dimensional bone augmentation of severely atrophied maxillary alveolar ridges using prebent titanium mesh vs customized poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK) mesh: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mounir Mohamed , Shalash Mahmoud , Mounir Samy , Nassar Yasmine , El Khatib Omar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlveolar bone grafting techniques and dental rehabilitation of patients with maxillary alveolar defects is a very challenging and costly procedure. Various methods have been described to reconstruct these defects in order to facilitate the placement of dental implants. The aim of this study was to assess three dimensional (3D) maxillary ridge augmentation using two innovative, accurate, and time saving protocols.Materials and MethodsSixteen patients (32 implants) with vertically and horizontally deficient maxillary alveolar ridges, were equally allocated into 2 groups; a mix of particulate autogenous and xenogenic bone grafts loaded in a prebent titanium mesh (Control group) vs patient specific poly‐ether‐ether ketone meshes (Study group). Radiographic assessment was performed preoperatively, 1 week and 6 months postoperatively. Assessment included measurements of linear changes in the vertical and horizontal dimensions on cross sectional cuts of cone beam computed tomography using special software. Finally; the percentage of 3D bone gain in each group was compared to that of the other.ResultsWound healing was uneventful for all cases except one patient in each group were the meshes were exposed 2 weeks' postsurgery. There was no statistical significance between both groups (P value = 0.2).ConclusionWithin the limitations of the sample size of this study, both techniques could be used as a successful method of ridge augmentation with no statistical significance between them.
Reduced USP33 expression in gastric cancer decreases inhibitory effects of Slit2‐Robo1 signalling on cell migration and EMT
Authors: Xia Yiwen , Wang Linjun , Xu Zhipeng , Kong Ruirui , Wang Fei , Yin Kai , Xu Jianghao , Li Bowen , He Zhongyuan , Wang Lu , Xu Hao , Zhang Diancai , Yang Li , Wu Jane Y. , Xu Zekuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, causing a large number of deaths every year. The Slit‐Robo signalling pathway, initially discovered for its critical role in neuronal guidance, has recently been shown to modulate tumour invasion and metastasis in several human cancers. However, the role of Slit‐Robo signalling and the molecular mechanisms underlying its role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remains to be elucidated.Materials and methodsSlit2, Robo1 and USP33 expressions were analysed in datasets obtained from the Oncomine database and measured in human gastric cancer specimens. The function of Slit2‐Robo1‐USP33 signalling on gastric cancer cells migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) was studied both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of the interaction between Robo1 and USP33 was explored by co‐IP and ubiquitination protein analysis.ResultsThe mRNA and protein levels of Slit2 and Robo1 are lower in GC tissues relative to those in adjacent healthy tissues. Importantly, Slit2 inhibits GC cell migration and suppresses EMT process in a Robo‐dependent manner. The inhibitory function of Slit2‐Robo1 is mediated by ubiquitin‐specific protease 33 (USP33) via deubiquitinating and stabilizing Robo1. USP33 expression is decreased in GC tissues, and reduced USP33 level is correlated with poor patient survival.ConclusionsOur study reveals the inhibitory function of Slit‐Robo signalling in GC and uncovers a role of USP33 in suppressing cancer cell migration and EMT by enhancing Slit2‐Robo1 signalling. USP33 represents a feasible choice as a prognostic biomarker for GC.
Laparoscopic Wedge Resection for Submucosal Tumor of the Stomach
Authors: KOBAYASHI Shigeru , ISAYAMA Fuyumi , ONO Ken , SAKAMOTO Kazuhiro , HAYASHIDA Yasuo , SAKAKIBARA Noburu , ARAMAKI Nagato 
Published: March 2019

Laparoscopic surgery in the field of gastrointestinal diseases has rapidly spread worldwide. In the field of gastric surgery, however, most patients eligible for surgical treatment have malignancies. The lack of assurance of complete removal of regional lymphnodes accounts for the laparoscopic procedure being avoided in gastric surgery.Recently, it has been documented that only non‐epithelial malignancies of the stomach metastasize to lymphnodes. Therefore, we applied the laparoscopic procedure to submucosal tumors of the stomach.In this study, we introduce two different wedge resection procedures for submucosal tumors of the stomach using laparoscopy. The aim of this report is to describe both procedures. One method involves pulling the tumor out of the abdomen under laparoscopic observation and resecting the tumor externally under direct vision. The other method involves performing all procedures inside the abdomen, under laparoscopic control. We refer to these techniques as extracorporeal and intracorporeal procedures, respectively. (Dig Endosc 1996 ; 8 : 220–224)
Infants rapidly detect human faces in complex naturalistic visual scenes
Authors: Kelly David J. , Duarte Sofia , Meary David , Bindemann Markus , Pascalis Olivier 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInfants respond preferentially to faces and face‐like stimuli from birth, but past research has typically presented faces in isolation or amongst an artificial array of competing objects. In the current study infants aged 3‐ to 12‐months viewed a series of complex visual scenes; half of the scenes contained a person, the other half did not. Infants rapidly detected and oriented to faces in scenes even when they were not visually salient. Although a clear developmental improvement was observed in face detection and interest, all infants displayed sensitivity to the presence of a person in a scene, by displaying eye movements that differed quantifiably across a range of measures when viewing scenes that either did or did not contain a person. We argue that infant's face detection capabilities are ostensibly “better” with naturalistic stimuli and artificial array presentations used in previous studies have underestimated performance.
Using otolith microchemical analysis to investigate the importance of brackish bays for pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) reproduction in the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Möller Sören , Winkler Helmut M. , Klügel Andreas , Richter Stefan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe brackish Baltic Sea is inhabited by several primary freshwater fish species. The pike (Esox lucius) is the largest of these species and acts as the top predator in the marine food web of the Baltic Sea. Prior studies have shown the importance of brackish bays as spawning grounds for the Baltic Sea pike. To identify the spawning habitat of the pike population around the island of Rügen (southern Baltic Sea)—either freshwater streams flowing into the Baltic or brackish lagoons of the Baltic—we used the ICPMS method to quantify the strontium to calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios in sagittal otoliths of 79 adult pike. In total, only six per cent (n = 5) of the analysed Baltic Sea individuals were classified as being of freshwater origin. Ninety‐four per cent (n = 74) of analysed pike were classified as having hatched in brackish water. Compared to previous studies on Baltic Sea pike, our sample shows a high proportion of pike that is of brackish origin: this highlights the adaptive capacity of this species with regard to its ability to reproduce in different salinities. Our data highlight the importance of brackish bays for pike reproduction in the southern Baltic Sea, even if pike live on the upper limit of their salinity tolerance in this area. This is an important finding considering decreases in commercial catches in the last 30 years indicating a population decline supposedly related to recruitment failures.