bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral properties of Yb-doped AgBiS2 and AgInS2 nanocrystals
Authors: Karamysheva Sofia P. , Cherevkov Sergei A. , Miruschenko Mikhail D. , Aleinik Ivan A. , Tatarinov Danila A. , Ushakova Elena V. 
Published: November 2024

Subject of study. The spectral features of nanocrystals with ternary compositions I-V-VI2 and I-III-VI2 doped with the rare earth metal ytterbium are investigated and described. Purpose of the study. The aim of this work is to develop a novel synthesis method for these nanocrystals to further examine their optical and morphological properties. Method. The average sizes of AgInS2:Yb and AgBiS2:Yb nanocrystals are analyzed using atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering, and the results are compared. Spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry are employed to record the absorption and photoluminescence spectra, respectively. Additionally, the photoluminescence decay kinetics are recorded using a laser scanning luminescence microscope for a deeper exploration of the electronic structure of the synthesized materials. Main results. Morphological analysis reveals that single-stage synthesis produced nanocrystals based on the AgInS2 matrix are smaller than the reference sample, while two-stage synthesis results in average nanocrystal sizes 1.5 times larger than the reference sample. The absorption spectra of the AgInS2:Yb and AgBiS2:Yb samples, as well as their reference samples, correspond to typical absorption spectra of semiconductor nanocrystals of ternary compounds. The absorption spectrum of AgBiS2:Yb nanocrystals, unlike AgInS2:Yb, spans a broad range from 300 nm to 1300 nm. In the photoluminescence spectra of AgInS2 and AgInS2:Yb nanocrystals, no significant shift of the band maximum is observed, and photoluminescence typical of Yb ions is absent. It is found that the weighted average photoluminescence lifetime in AgInS2:Yb nanocrystals can be modulated by ytterbium doping. Photoluminescence in AgBiS2 and AgBiS2:Yb samples is not detected in the red and near-infrared regions. Practical significance. These materials may be used in the fabrication of absorber layers for solar cells, as well as sensitizers for photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Further studies of isotropic samples of these nanocrystals could not only expand their potential applications but also enhance the physical properties of nanoparticles in the long term.
Density of electronic states in silicon nanocrystals embedded in a SiO2 matrix and passivated by hydrogen
Authors: Gert Anton V. , Belolipetskii Alexey V. , Avdeev Ivan D. 
Published: November 2024

Subject of study. This study is devoted to the optical transitions and density of electron and hole states in silicon nanocrystals embedded in a SiO2 dielectric matrix and silicon nanocrystals passivated by hydrogen. Aim of study. The aim is to calculate the probability of optical transitions, density of electron and hole states, and absorption cross-section in silicon nanocrystals surrounded by different environments. Another goal is to adapt the tight-binding method for correct passivation of dangling bonds of silicon. Method. The calculations are performed using the variant of the tight-binding method that accounts for a large number of orbitals: s, p, d, and s∗. Main results. The local density of states of electrons and holes, probabilities of optical transitions, and absorption cross-sections of silicon nanocrystals passivated by hydrogen and nanocrystals embedded in a SiO2 matrix were calculated. It is shown that the electron and hole states in hydrogen-passivated silicon nanocrystals are localized within the crystal, and optical transitions occur at wavelengths in the range of 440–620 nm. The presence of the SiO2 matrix surrounding the nanocrystal increases the probability of optical transitions and leads to the appearance of the local density of states outside the nanocrystal, with radiative emission in the wavelength range of 410–620 nm. Practical significance. The results highlight the feasibility of utilizing silicon nanocrystals in photonics and photovoltaics. They are expected to contribute to the development of technology for creating silicon nanocrystals with specific optical properties.
Integrated optical waveguides for quantum photon gates at a wavelength of 810 nm
Authors: Petrov Viktor M. , Parfenov Mikhail V. , Tronev Alexandr V. , Reshetnikov Daniil D. , Il’ichev Igor V. 
Published: November 2024

Subject of study. The optical losses in waveguides designed for creating quantum photon gates at a wavelength of 810 nm were investigated. Aim of study. The aim of the study was to create integrated optical single-mode waveguides for quantum photon gates at a wavelength of 810 nm and to estimate optical losses acceptable for maintaining the necessary degree of photon-pair entanglement. Method. The waveguides were manufactured through thermal diffusion of titanium ions into a substrate composed of an X-slice of nominally pure lithium niobate (LiNbO3). Optical losses were estimated by experimentally measuring the loss per unit length of the waveguide. Optical radiation was coupled into and out of the waveguide using fiber segments, with one end connected and the other cleaved. A drop of immersion liquid was applied between the cleaved fiber and waveguide end, and measurements were performed for both polarization modes. Main results. Six groups of samples were produced, each containing waveguides with strip widths of d=3.0, 2.0, and 1.5 µm. The measured optical losses in the manufactured waveguides indicated that those with a titanium strip width of d≈3 µm exhibited the lowest losses. The estimated minimum optical losses for transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarization were approximately 0.20–0.25 and 0.1 dB/cm, respectively. Practical significance. The waveguides manufactured with a strip width of approximately 3 µm can be used to create quantum photonic gates in an integrated optical design. The chosen wavelength of 810 nm offers potential for near-future development of photonic gates, as one of the most accessible methods for generating entangled photon pairs involves using a 405-nm laser followed by wavelength doubling through a nonlinear beta-barium borate crystal.
Understanding the factors influencing nurses in managing patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency departments of referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Kajembula Ipyana Mbaga , Matheo Kornel Izidory , Simchimba Peter Damian , Masasi Elizabeth Habili , Chikwala Victor , Ambikile Joel Seme 
Published: November 2024

Background
The quality of nursing management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in emergency departments may be associated with either increased or decreased length of hospital stay. Despite that patient with DKA need intensive care unit (ICU) admission, effective initial nursing management of DKA patients at the emergency department is important. Regarding factors influencing the effective management when caring for patients with DKA, it is unknown how Tanzanian nurses perceive these issues. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore nurses’ perceived factors influencing nursing management of DKA patients at emergency medical department (EMD) of two selected referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methodology
A descriptive qualitative study design was conducted to explore nurses’ perspectives on the factors influencing nursing management of DKA patients. A total of twelve purposively selected nurses participated in in-depth interviews. The interview guide written in Kiswahili was used to collect data. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, and transcripts analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Findings
Two main themes emerged from the study including facilitators of DKA nursing management and barriers to DKA nursing management. Facilitators of DKA management encompassed three categories including nurses’ knowledge of DKA, the availability of DKA management protocol, and nurses’ skillset to enhance DKA management. On the other hand, barriers to DKA management had eight sub-categories including limited training on DKA management, lack of autonomy, decisions disagreement, delayed electrolyte results, scarcity of medical resources, shortage of nursing staffs, logistics in emergency care, and lack of specific-nursing management guideline.

Conclusion
This study highlights facilitators and barriers to DKA management and underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to overcome these barriers and consolidate the facilitators to improve nurses’ capacity in managing patients with DKA.
Post-discharge tobacco abstinence in a Mumbai hospital after implementation of tobacco cessation counseling: A pragmatic evaluation of the LifeFirst program
Authors: Gupte Himanshu A. , Kruse Gina R. , Chang Yuchiao , Jagiasi Dinesh , Pradhan Sultan , Rigotti Nancy A. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Hospitalization provides a key opportunity to address tobacco use. Few studies have examined cessation treatment in hospitals in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to measure tobacco abstinence among individuals discharged from a Mumbai hospital after the implementation of cessation counseling compared to abstinence among those discharged pre-implementation.

Methods
Pre-post intervention study in the Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai pre- (11/2015-10/2016) and post-implementation (02/2018-02/2020) of LifeFirst counseling. LifeFirst is multi-session (up to six sessions) counseling extending from hospitalization up to six months post-discharge. Primary analyses compare self-reported 6-month continuous abstinence among hospitalized individuals post-implementation (intervention) with pre-implementation (comparator) using an intent-to-treat approach that includes all participants offered LifeFirst post-implementation in the intervention group. Secondary analyses compare those who received ≥ 1 LifeFirst session with the pre-implementation group.

Results
We enrolled n = 437 individuals pre-implementation (8.7% dual use, 57.7% smokeless tobacco, 33.6% smoking) and n = 561 post-implementation (8.6% dual use, 64.3% smokeless tobacco, 27.1% smoking). Post-implementation, 490 patients (87.3%) accepted ≥ 1 counseling session. Continuous abstinence 6-months post-discharge was higher post-implementation (post: 41.6% vs. pre: 20.0%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.94–4.21). Those who received LifeFirst had higher odds of continuous abstinence compared to pre-implementation (aOR: 2.95, 95% CI 1.98–4.40).

Conclusion
Post-discharge abstinence was more common after implementation of a multi-session tobacco counseling program for hospitalized patients compared to abstinence among patients hospitalized before implementation. These findings represent observational evidence of a promising association between post-discharge abstinence and a hospital-based tobacco cessation program implemented within routine practice in an LMIC setting.
Clinical efficacy of optical coherence tomography parameters to predict the visual field outcome following pituitary adenoma surgery
Authors: Han Kwang Eon , Choi Heeyoung , Kim Su-Jin , Lee Seung Min , Lee Ji-Eun 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
To investigate the factors affecting visual field recovery in patients with pituitary adenoma following surgical removal, both eyes of 35 patients with pituitary adenoma who had been followed up for > six months post-surgery were retrospectively analyzed.

Material and methods
Pre- and post-operative visual acuity, visual field test, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness were investigated. The average age of the 35 patients was 58.3 ± 11.5 years. Preoperatively, 30 eyes (mean average RNFL thickness, 99.73 ± 5.89 μm) and 40 eyes (mean average RNFL thickness, 77.55 ± 8.35 μm) were included in the thick (≥ 90 μm) and thin RNFL group (< 90 μm), respectively.

Results
In the thick RNFL group, pre- and post-operative mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were favorable (all p < 0.001), and the proportion of eyes of postoperative MD change which were stable or improved was greater than in the thin RNFL group (p = 0.042). Preoperative MD, RNFL (except nasal quadrant) and GCIPL thickness were positively correlated to postoperative MD values (all, p < 0.05). Preoperative MD and temporal RNFL thickness were significantly correlated with postoperative MD change rate (p = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Preoperative GC IPL thickness and postoperative MD change rate were not significantly correlated (p = 0.61). Using univariate regression analysis, preoperative best corrected visual acuity (Odds ratio [OR], 0.050; p < 0.001), tumor volume (OR, 1.110, p = 0.002), higher preoperative MD values (OR, 0.858; p < 0.001), lower preoperative PSD values (OR, 1.169, p = 0.002), thick RNFL (OR, 0.215; p = 0.003) and thick GCIPL (OR, 0.305, p = 0.018) were significantly associated with a good visual field outcome following surgery. According to multivariate analysis, any other parameters were not significant. In patients with thick RNFL, postoperative MD values were better than in the thin RNFL group.

Conclusions
Eyes with preoperative higher MD and thick temporal RNFL showed more improvement in their visual fields postoperative. Preoperative thick RNFL could be a potential predictor of visual field recovery following TSA-TR, while macular GCIPL thickness does not appear to be a reliable predictor.
Inflammasome complex genes with clinical relevance suggest potential as therapeutic targets for anti-tumor drugs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Yin Fengchao , Li Fang , Qi Pan , Zhang Aili 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a challenging malignancy characterized by intricate biology and clinical characteristics. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, the molecular mechanisms underlying ccRCC initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance remain elusive. Inflammasomes, multi-protein complexes involved in innate immunity and inflammation, have emerged as potential regulators in cancers. However, their involvement and mechanisms in ccRCC remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation into the expression patterns and clinical significance of inflammasome complexes in ccRCC. We found the perturbation of inflammasome complexes genes was related to patient’s prognosis and other clinical characteristics. By developing an Inflammasome Complexes (IFC) score and identifying IFC subtypes with distinct clinical characteristics and oncogenic roles, our study suggested that inflammasome activation could impact tumorigenesis and modulate the tumor immune landscape, particularly its positive correlations with immunosuppressive macrophages. Furthermore, our study revealed the potential of inflammasome complex genes as predictive markers for patient responses to various anti-tumor drugs, including Osimertinib, Ulixertinib, Telomerase Inhibitor IX, and GSK2578215A. These findings have significant clinical implications and offer opportunities for guiding treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes of ccRCC.
Spatial–temporal effect of sea–land gradient on landscape pattern and ecological risk in the coastal zone: A case study of Dalian City
Authors: Han Ying , Zhu Jianfeng , Wei Donglan , Wang Fangxiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Coastal zones have intense human activity and are ecologically fragile. Assessing ecological risks in coastal zones is crucial to promoting ecological safety and sustainable development for coastal cities. However, the relationship between ecological risk assessment and distance from the coastline is indeterminate in current research. To solve this problem, this study constructs the sea–land gradient and reconstructs the landscape pattern index and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) considering the sea–land gradient paradigm. This study aims to analyze the spatial–temporal variation characteristics and effects of the sea–land gradient on landscape pattern and ecological risk in Dalian City from 2000 to 2015. The results show the following: (1) between 2000 and 2015, a significant effect of coastline on the coastal landscape pattern in Dalian is reducing landscape fragmentation. The extent of this influence gradually diminished along the sea–land gradient. The landscape aggregation of urban building sites near the sea was relatively high and gradually increased over the years; (2) in Dalian, the landscape ERI has decreased near the sea and increased near the inland year by year; (3) the dominant pattern of landscape ecological risk was characterized by a transition from high to low levels within the [0, 2.5] km zone, while a transition from low to high levels predominated within the [2.5, Max] km zone; and (4) the northern region in Dalian primarily goes from high to low risk in the buffer zone near the landside, whereas the southern area has this changing pattern in the buffer zone near the seaside.
Exploring emoji usage in intercultural CMC: Insights from Colombian and Argentinian learners of German
Authors: Concu Valentina , Raffo Carlos 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the use of emojis in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) among Colombian and Argentinian learners of German. Recent research demonstrates that emojis serve multiple functions, including expressing reactions to previous statements and modulating the tone of assertions. Beyond the illocutionary domain, where they help articulate speech acts, emojis facilitate discourse by managing conversation openings and closings. They also signify informality in the stylistic domain and guide the social intent of conversations. While these findings are insightful, they primarily reflect interactions among speakers sharing the same first language (L1) and cultural background. The dynamics of emoji use in a second language (L2) and intercultural settings remain underexplored. To address this gap, this study analyzed a corpus of WhatsApp messages exchanged during a virtual interaction between 24 Colombian and Argentinian learners of German. The results reveal that the use of emojis among L2 speakers largely mirrors their use in L1 contexts, suggesting a strong transferability of their pragmatic, discursive, and stylistic functions. Additionally, this study identifies an extra function in the illocutionary domain, where emojis help signal sociality rights and obligations, thereby maintaining positive interpersonal rapport. Furthermore, the performance of national identities emerged as a unique function of emojis in intercultural communication, supporting the idea of a universal component in emoji use. These findings contribute to our understanding of how emojis operate in L2 and intercultural settings, highlighting their role in facilitating effective digital communication across linguistic and cultural boundaries. The consistent use of emojis by participants from different cultural backgrounds suggests that emojis can act as universal symbols, bridging cultural and linguistic gaps while also allowing for the expression of unique social identities.
Metapragmatic conventions and integrative context: Introducing Sībawayhian pragmatics
Authors: Shahid Sadiya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to shed light on theories of discourse meaning from the Arabic, namely Sībawayhian, linguistics tradition, that are novel in the contemporary pragmatics space and prompts us to rethink and reshape the Anglo-American, namely Gricean and post-Gricean, lens through which current theories are predominantly defined. The Arabic linguistics tradition was founded by Sībawayhi more than ten centuries ago, yet it is severely underrepresented and under-researched in modern (Western) linguistics. Sībawayhi posited a discourse-oriented, pragmatics-centric, and intuition-driven model of language and communication, providing unique insights into how intentions and conventions figure in meaning representation. Despite his monumental contribution, Sībawayhian theory has hitherto been missing from the present-day field of pragmatics. Instead, pragmatics as a line of study is usually attributed to Grice and subsequent post-Gricean developments, where theory construction has been limited to intra-theoretical analyses and falls short of cross-cultural epistemological perspectives. Many of these analyses are as such reinventions of what can be found in Sībawayhian and post-Sībawayhian pragmatics. And there are many more components of Arabic pragmatic thought that remain to be (re)discovered, with the potential to further current thinking in pragmatics and open a new orientation of contemporary pragmatic study. In this paper, I attempt to address all of the above by closely examining selected sections of Sībawayhi’s monumental al-Kitāb. I particularly introduce two main conceptions Sībawayhi relies on in his theory of meaning – metapragmatic conventions (conventionsmp) and integrative context (contexti) – and investigate their role in shaping major areas of pragmatic theorization, namely syntax, discourse compositionality, and inference.
Consuming the White Terror: Transmedia Adaptation and Franchise-Building of Detention
Authors: Zhang Fengyun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the Taiwanese video game Detention (Fanxiao 返校, 2017) and its namesake film and television series adaptations, each of which has achieved critical acclaim and commercial success. Despite the franchise’s preoccupation with the history of the White Terror, this article argues that the video game’s theme of “memory as remedy” – a crucial discourse in the quest for transitional justice in contemporary Taiwan – has been diluted rather than preserved in the process of transmedia adaptation and franchise-building. Through a close-playing of the game and close-readings of the film and TV series, I demonstrate that the transmedia development of Detention is not always unified and coordinated, but rather filled with contradictions and incongruities that lead to the displacement of historical trauma. These divergent narratives reveal how the White Terror remains contested terrain in contemporary Taiwan. Dominated by the managerial logic of media franchising, a confluence of social, political, and economic factors has made Detention a unique case for contemplating transmedia storytelling in the age of convergence culture.