bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of ERAS to nutritional status of patients with elective craniotomy using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a prospective and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yan Jing , Wang Shasha , Wang Yuan , Zhao Tianzhi , Zhao Binfang , He Shiming , Ye Lin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to test the body composition changes of patients undergoing elective craniotomy using bioelectrical impedance analysis, so as to evaluate the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) to nutritional status of patients. Methods 140 patients who needed elective craniotomy were randomly divided into two groups: observation group (ERAS group) and control group (traditional treatment group). The age was 45.6 ± 12.7 years old. Patients in ERAS group were treated with a set of enhanced recovery measures, while control group patients underwent conventional treatment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to test body composition before and after the surgery. Results The body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), muscle mass (MM), fat mass index (FMI), free-fat mass index (FFMI), body cell mass (BCM), body cell mass index (BCMI), in both groups were decreased after surgery. The decrease of FM and FMI in the control group was significantly different from that in the observation group (p<0.05). However, the decrease of BM, BMI, MM, FFMI, BCM and BCMI in both groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion Patients undergoing elective craniotomy showed various degrees of nutritional injuries, and ERAS could alleviate nutritional injuries caused by operation. Keywords Enhanced Recovery after Surgery • Bioelectrical impedance analysis • Elective craniotomy Trail Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16009662. Registered on 27 October 2016. Trail Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16009662. Registered on 27 October 2016.
Comparison of Intravenous Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Prevention of Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Shuying , Li Hui , Ni Juan , Ma YuShan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background

Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) frequently occurs during recovery in patients who undergo intra-operative urinary catheterization distress. We conducted this study to compare the effect of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion for preventing CRBD.

Methods

120 patients undergoing elective open abdominal hysterectomy and hysteromyoma requiring urinary bladder catheterization were randomly allocated into three groups of 40 each. Group L received a 2 mg/kg lidocaine bolus followed by infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h; Group D received a 0.5 mg/kg dexmedetomidine bolus followed by infusion of 0.4 mg/kg/h; Group C received a bolus and infusion of normal saline of equivalent volume. The incidence and different severity (mild, moderate, and severe) of CRBD were assessed on arrival in the postanaesthesia care unit at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively.

Results

The incidence of CRBD was significantly lower in Group L and Group D compared with Group C at 0, 1, and 2 h. However, there was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the different severity of CRBD at all time points. The requirement of rescue tramadol for CRBD was lower in group L and group D than in group C. The incidence of sedation was significantly higher in Group D compared to Group L and Group C, though no difference in other adverse effects was observed.

Conclusions

Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion reduced the incidence of CRBD as well as the additional tramadol requirement for CRBD, but had no effect on the different severity of CRBD.
ARMYTHMIC ACTIVITY OF MYOCARDIUM AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ANESTHESIA AND PERI-OPERATIVE PERIOD IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Sumin S. A. , Volkova N. A. , Mikhin V. P. , Bogoslovskaya E. N. , Eremin P. A. 
Published: February 2019

Prevention of cardiovascular complications, which often result in fatal events in the peri-operative period, is one of the most crucial issues of modern anesthesiology.The objective: to investigate the changes in arrhythmic activity and conduction disorders during anesthesia and in the peri-operative period in the patients undergoing open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.Subjects and methods. 57 patients of 60.1 ± 3.8 years old were enrolled in the study; they all underwent planned open cholecystectomy under combined anesthesia with tracheal intubation and artificial pulmonary ventilation. Group 1 consisted of 28 patients suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) in the form of exertional angina of functional classes of I and II; and Group 2 included 29 patients without CHD. The frequency of episodes of group and polymorphic premature ventricular contractions, supraventricular tachycardia and atrioventricular block of degree II, was analyzed by daily Holter ECG monitoring for certain time periods during anesthesia and the peri-operative period. Stages of the study: I – on the eve of the surgery (18 h); II – within 6 hours before the surgery; III – immediate preparation and induction of anesthesia (62.0 ± 6.7 min); IV – maintenance of anesthesia (57 ± 14 min); V – recovery from anesthesia (48 ± 11 min); VI – the 2nd day after surgery (18 h).Results. A significant increase in the frequency of episodes of group and polymorphic premature ventricular contractions, supraventricular tachycardia and atrioventricular block of degree II, was found out at the stages of induction, maintenance and recovery from anesthesia in patients with CHD and in patients without concurrent cardiovascular disorders. Increased frequency of episodes of group and polymorphic premature ventricular contractions was observed in patients with CHD at the stages of induction and recovery from anesthesia (by 242 and 225%). The highest increase in the frequency of polymorphic premature ventricular contractions was observed in patients with CHD during recovery from anesthesia (by 284%) and in those without cardiovascular pathology at the induction stage (by 461%); the increase in episodes of supraventricular tachycardia was maximum at the induction stage in the patients without cardiovascular pathology (by 291%).Conclusion: Open cholecystectomy in general anesthesia is associated with increased arrhythmic activity and higher conduction disturbances incidence at all stages of anesthesia in patients with coronary heart disease and those without concurrent cardiovascular disorders.
Molecular detection of human adenovirus in urban wastewater in Egypt and among children suffering from acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Elmahdy Elmahdy M. , Ahmed Nehal I. , Shaheen Mohamed N. F. , Mohamed EL-Chaimaa B. , Loutfy Samah A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Incidence of enteric viruses in sewage, the efficacy of wastewater treatment plants to remove these viruses, and health effects from their release into the surface water are very important environmental issues in the microbiology field. One of the most pathogenic enteric viruses is adenovirus which can cause a serious disease such as gastroenteritis with low grade fever and mild dehydration in humans. In this study we performed qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of HAdV on 60 stool samples from children with acute gastroenteritis admitted to Abu-Rish hospital and 96 environmental samples (32 raw sewage, 32 treated sewage, 32 sewage sludge) collected from Zenin wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). HAdV were detected in 17 (28.3%) of stool, 27 (84.4%) of raw sewage, 16 (50%) of treated sewage and 25 (78%) of sludge samples. The viral concentrations were in the range of 2.02 × 106–7.23 × 106, 8.7 × 105–4.3 × 106, 1.22 × 104–3.7 × 106 and 1.48 × 106–1.77 × 107 GC/mL in stool, raw sewage, treated sewage, and sludge, respectively. HAdV was detected throughout the whole year of sample collection. Moreover, our results suggested that males were more susceptible to adenovirus infections than females. The results indicate that the high incidence of HAdV in the treated sewage may cause adverse health effects.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.
Enhanced simultaneous nitri-denitrification in aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor containing polyurethane foam-based carrier media
Authors: Sandip Magdum , Kalyanraman V. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Fluidization of carrier media for biofilm support and growth defines the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process. Major MBBR facilities apply virgin polyethylene (PE)-based circular plastic carrier media. Various carriers were studied to replace these conventional carriers, but polyurethane (PU) foam-based carrier media has not been much explored. This study evaluates the potential of PU foam carrier media in aerobic MBBR process for simultaneous nitri-denitrification (SND). Two parallel reactors loaded with conventional PE plastic (circular) and PU foam (cubical) carriers compared for their removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen contaminants from wastewater. Results indicate that average COD removal in MBBR containing PE plastic carrier media was 81%, compared to 83% in MBBR containing PU foam. Average ammonical and total nitrogen reduction was 71% and 59% for PU foam-based MBBR, compared to 60% and 42% for PE plastic-based MBBR. SND-based nitrogen removal capacity was doubled in aerobic MBBR filled with PU foam carrier media (27%), than MBBR containing PE plastic carrier media (13%). Cost economics also governs the commercial advantage for the application of PU foam-based carrier media in the MBBR process.
In silicoEvaluation of Substrate Binding Site and Rare Codons in the Structure of CYP152A1
Authors: Mortazavi Mojtaba , Nezafat Navid , Negahdaripour Manica , Raee Mohammad J. , Torkzadeh-Mahani Masoud , Riahi-Madvar Ali , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: February 2019

Background:The Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) have an essential role in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous molecules. The CYPs are identified in all domains of life, but the CYP152A1 from Bacillus subtilis is specially considered for clinical and industrial applications. The molecular cloning of a new type of CYP from Bacillus subtilis was reported, previously. Here, we describe the hidden layer of biological information of the CYP152A1 enzyme, which can help researchers for better understanding of enzyme application. In this study, four rare codons of enzyme, including Arg63, Arg187, Arg276, and Arg338 were identified and evaluated using the bioinformatics web servers.Methods:Through in silico modeling of CYP152A1 via the I-TASSER server, the above-mentioned rare codons were studied in the structure of enzyme that may have an important role in the proper folding of CYP152A1. In the following, the substrate binding site of CYP152A1 was studied by AutoDock Vina, and the heme and palmitic acid were considered as the substrates.Results:The results of docking study elucidated the Arg242 in the active site is closely related to the substrate binding site of CYP152A1, which help us to further clarify the mechanism of the enzyme reaction.Conclusion:Studies of these hidden information’s can enhance our understanding of CYP152A1 folding and protein expression challenges. Moreover, identification of rare codons can help in the rational design of new and effective drugs.
(Thio)urea-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Reaction: Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)- methanes
Authors: Rivas-Loaiza Juan A. , Reyes-Escobedo Carlos E. , Lopez Yliana , Rojas-Lima Susana , García-Merinos Juan Pablo , López-Ruiz Heraclio 
Published: February 2019

:Bis(indolyl)methane derivatives (BIMs) were synthesized in moderate to good yields by (thio)urea catalyzed electrophilic substitution of indole (2) with various aldehydes 1. Reactions were performed under conventional and microwave (MW) heating, either using 1,2-dichloroetane as solvent or without solvent. The procedure using microwave heating was also applied to the synthesis of the natural products vibrindole A (3n), arsindoline A (3i), arundine (3o) and tris(1H-indol-3-yl)methane (3j). Additionally, the synthesis of streptindole was carried out via intermediate 3g. This methodology is well suited for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes: it offers good yields of products, low sensitivity to moisture and oxygen, high tolerance to different functional groups on the aldehydes such as alkynes and trimethylsilane, and simplicity in operation
New 2-Oxopyridine/2-Thiopyridine Derivatives Tethered to a Benzotriazole with Cytotoxicity on MCF7 Cell Lines and with Antiviral Activities
Authors: Attia Adel Mahmoud , Khodair Ahmed Ibrahin , Gendy Eman Abdelnasser , El-Magd Mohammed Abu , Elshaier Yaseen Ali Mosa Mohamed 
Published: February 2019

Background:Perturbation of nucleic acids structures and confirmation by small molecules through intercalation binding is an intriguing application in anticancer therapy. The planar aromatic moiety of anticancer agents was inserted between DNA base pairs leading to change in the DNA structure and subsequent functional arrest.Objective:The final scaffold of the target compounds was annulated and linked to a benzotriazole ring. These new pharmacophoric features were examined as antiviral and anticancer agents against MCF7 and their effect on DNA damage was also assessed.Methods:A new series of fully substituted 2-oxopyridine/2-thioxopyridine derivatives tethered to a benzotriazole moiety (4a-h) was synthesized through Michael cyclization of synthesized α,β- unsaturated compounds (3a-e) with appropriate active methylene derivatives. The DNA damage study was assessed by comet assay. In silico DNA molecular docking was performed using Open Eye software to corroborate the experimental results and to understand molecule interaction at the atomic level.Results:The highest DNA damage was observed in Doxorubicin, followed by 4h, then, 4b, 4g, 4f, 4e, and 4d. The docking study showed that compound 4h formed Hydrogen Bonds (HBs) as a standard ligand with GSK-3. Compound 4h was the most active compound against rotavirus Wa, HAVHM175, and HSV strains with a reduction of 30%, 40%, and 70%, respectively.Conclusion:Compound 4h was the most active compound and could act as a prospective lead molecule for anticancer agent.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Camptothecin Conjugated with NSAIDs as Novel Dual-actin Antitumor Agents
Authors: Cai Xingchen , Huang Weiwei , Huang Yi , Xia Lihua , Liu Miao , Wang Mengke , Wang Wenchao , Li Qingyong 
Published: February 2019

Objective:
The single-agent therapy was unable to provide an effective control of the
malignant process, a well-established strategy to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapy is the
rational design of drug combinations aimed at achieving synergistic effects.

Objective:
The objective of this study is generating the new potential anticancer agents with
synergistic activity. Owing to the unique mechanism of action of Camptothecin (CPT), it has shown
abroad spectrum of anti-cancer activity against human malignancies, and growing evidence revealed
that Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of different kinds of cancers.
So four CPT-NSAIDs conjugates were synthesized and evaluated.

Methods:
In this study, a series of novel CPT - NSAIDs derivatives were synthesized by
esterification. These new compounds were evaluated for in vitro antitumor activity against tumor
cell lines A549, Hela, HepG2, HCT116 by MTT assay. To probe the required stabilities as prodrugs,
stability tests were studied in human plasma. To further evaluate the stability of Ketoprofen-CPT
in vivo, the female SD rats were used to determine the pharmacokinetics following a single oral dose.

Results:
In vitro results showed that Ketoprofen-CPT and Naproxen-CPT conjugates possessed nice
efficacy. In a molecular docking model, the two conjugates interacted with Topo I-DNA through
hydrogen bonds, <pi>-<pi> stacking and so on.In human plasma results showed that the prodrug
was converted to ketoprofen and another compound. The female SD rats were used to determine the
pharmacokinetics following a single oral dose, the half-life (t1/2) of Ketoprofen-CPT was
approximately 12 h which was much longer than that of CPT.

Conclusion:
Good activity was noted for some compounds will be helpful for the design of dualaction
agents with most promising anti-cancer activity.
Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Ticagrelor and its Active Metabolite Determination in Human Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Marsousi Niloufar , Rudaz Serge , Desmeules Jules A. , Daali Youssef 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Ticagrelor is a highly recommended new antiplatelet agent for the treatment
of patients with acute coronary syndrome at moderate or high ischemic risk. There is a real need for
rapid and accurate analytical methods for ticagrelor determination in biological fluids for pharmacokinetic
studies. In this study, a sensitive and specific LC-MS method was developed and validated
for quantification of ticagrelor and its Active Metabolite (AM) in human plasma over expected clinical
concentrations.

Methods:
Samples were handled by Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE). A linear gradient was applied
with a mobile phase composed of formic acid 0.1% and acetonitrile with 0.1% of formic acid using a
C18 reversed-phase column. MS spectra were obtained by electrospray ionization in negative mode
and optimized at 521.4→360.9 m/z, 477.2→361.2 m/z and 528.1→367.9 m/z transitions for ticagrelor,
AM and ticagrelor-d7, respectively.

Results:
This method allowed rapid elution, in less than 4 minutes, and quantification of concentrations
as low as 2 ng/mL for ticagrelor and 1 ng/mL for AM using only 100 μL of human plasma.
LLE using hexane/ethyl acetate (50/50) was an optimal compromise in terms of extraction recovery
and endogenous compounds interference. Trueness values of 87.8% and 89.5% and precisions of
84.1% and 93.8% were obtained for ticagrelor and AM, respectively. Finally, the usefulness of the
method was assessed in a clinical trial where a single 180 mg ticagrelor was orally administered to
healthy male volunteers. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ticagrelor and its active metabolite were
successfully determined.

Conclusion:
A sensitive and specific quantification LC-MS-MS method was developed and validated
for ticagrelor and its active metabolite determination in human plasma. The method was successfully
applied to a clinical trial where a single ticagrelor 180 mg dose was orally administered to
healthy male volunteers. The described method allows quantification of concentrations as low as 2
ng/mL of ticagrelor and 1 ng/mL of the metabolite using only 100 μL of plasma.
UPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Khasianine in Mouse Blood: Application for Its Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Chen Lianguo , Weng Qinghua , Lin Yijing , Lu Xiaojie , Zhong Zuoquan , Xiong Jianhua , Wang Xianqin 
Published: February 2019

Background:
The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of khasianine in
mouse whole blood sample and its application for the pharmacokinetics by a rapid, selective and sensitive
ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method.

Methods:
The blood samples were preprocessed by one-step protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The
study was performed on an ACQUITY I-Class UPLC system with a UPLC BEH column. Lannaconitine
(internal standard, IS) and khasianine were gradient eluted by a mixture of acetonitrile and water with
0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The mass spectrometer was equipped with an Electrospray
Ionization (ESI) source in positive mode. The quantitative detection was performed in a multiple
reaction monitoring modes at transitions m/z 722.4→70.7 for khasianine and m/z 585.3→119.9 for
the corresponding IS.

Results:
The calibration curve was of good linearity ranging from 0.5 to 1000 ng/mL (r > 0.995). The
Lower Limit of Detection (LLOD) and Lower Limit of Quantitation (LLOQ) were 0.2 and 0.5 ng/mL,
respectively. The inter-day and intra-day precision (RSD%) were both less than 14%, and the accuracy
ranged from 86.6% to 108.3%. The matrix effects were between 98.0% and 103.7%, and the average
recovery was better than 67.4%.

Conclusion:
This assay established a sensitive, rapid, selective UPLC-MS/MS method which was successfully
used for the pharmacokinetic study of khasianine in mouse blood, and the absolute availability
of khasianine was 0.78% which exhibited a poor oral absorption.
Simultaneous Determination of Koumine and Gelsemine in Human Plasma Using HPLC-UV Assay and Its Clinical Application
Authors: Qiu Hongqiang , Yu Changxi , Cheng Yu , Que Wancai , Zeng Xiaofang , Wang Hui , Liu Maobai 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Of two main alkaloids extracted from Gelsemium, koumine was shown to be a
promising analgesic, while gelsemine proved to be deleterious. Many patients suspected to be poisoned
by Gelsemium cannot be timely diagnosed due to the lack of UPLC-MS/MS. Additionally, the
concentration of alkaloids in humans has never been reported. The aim of this study was to establish a
more economical and accessible method using HPLC-UV for diagnosis and quantitative analysis of
Gelsemium poisoning.

Methods:
Plasma spiked with an internal standard, oxcarbazepine, was prepared with solid-phase extraction.
Koumine and gelsemine were separated on a C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of
methanol, water, and di-n-butylamine (58:42:0.01) pumped at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min. The detection
wavelength was set at 263 nm. Plasma concentrations of two different times were determined for the
patients.

Results:
The calibration curves for both monomers possessed good linearity from 0.05-50 mg/L
(r=0.9997 and 0.9999, respectively). The extraction recoveries were greater than 88.5 %. Variation for
intraday and interday assays of koumine and gelsemine were less than 8.3% and 7.7%, respectively. The
concentrations of the two alkaloids were identified in 5 patients with Gelsemium poisoning by using the
established method.

Conclusion:
The established method by using HPLC-UV is applicable for diagnosis and quantitative
analysis of Gelsemium poisoning in such cases. TDM of koumine and gelsemine in patients with Gelsemium
poisoning may provide additional information for the clinic to improve rescue strategy.
A LITERATURA INFANTIL EM SITES EDUCATIVOS: A QUALIDADE DOS SITES E A ESTÉTICA DOS TEXTOS
Authors: Debus Eliane Santana Dias , Da Silva Elika 
Published: February 2019

O artigo busca, a partir dos critérios de análise de sites educativos propostos por Carvalho (2006) e da categoria linguagem verbal, analisar a configuração dos sites educativos que trazem a temática da literatura infantil, verificando como o literário se evidencia no texto de literatura infantil online. Entendemos que a leitura literária é de grande importância para a vida das pessoas e por meio dela conseguimos interagir com o mundo a nossa volta e também acreditamos na importância dessa literatura em diálogo com as mídias digitais para a formação do leitor, por isso se faz imprescindível a análise do material que está ao alcance das crianças. Constatou-se que a literatura infantil online pode ser uma aliada na formação do leitor, porém, nos sites brasileiros e gratuitos analisados na pesquisa,percebemos, em alguns casos, que o texto de literatura infantil online se apresenta sem as características de interatividade com o leitor e inovação que esse meio possibilita.