bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent adaptation mechanisms for numerosity and size perception provide evidence against a common sense of magnitude
Authors: Anobile Giovanni , Burr David C. , Iaia Marika , Marinelli Chiara V. , Angelelli Paola , Turi Marco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHow numerical quantity is processed is a central issue for cognition. On the one hand the “number sense theory” claims that numerosity is perceived directly, and may represent an early precursor for acquisition of mathematical skills. On the other, the “theory of magnitude” notes that numerosity correlates with many continuous properties such as size and density, and may therefore not exist as an independent feature, but be part of a more general system of magnitude. In this study we examined interactions in sensitivity between numerosity and size perception. In a group of children, we measured psychophysically two sensory parameters: perceptual adaptation and discrimination thresholds for both size and numerosity. Neither discrimination thresholds nor adaptation strength for numerosity and size correlated across participants. This clear lack of correlation (confirmed by Bayesian analyses) suggests that numerosity and size interference effects are unlikely to reflect a shared sensory representation. We suggest these small interference effects may rather result from top-down phenomena occurring at late decisional levels rather than a primary “sense of magnitude”.
Cardiac magnetic resonance using late gadolinium enhancement and atrial T1 mapping predicts poor outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation therapy
Authors: Luetkens Julian A. , Wolpers Anne C. , Beiert Thomas , Kuetting Daniel , Dabir Darius , Homsi Rami , Meendermann Hendrik , Dayé Natalie Abou , Knappe Vincent , Karsdal Morten , Nielsen Signe H. , Genovese Federica , Stöckigt Florian , Linhart Markus , Thomas Daniel , Nickenig Georg , Schild Hans H. , Schrickel Jan W. , Andrié René P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo determine the pre-procedural value of different fibrotic biomarkers and comprehensive cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for the prediction of poor response to ablation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Left atrial (LA) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and native LA T1 relaxation times were assessed using CMR. Plasma levels of relaxin, myeloperoxidase and serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated cardiac specific titin fragmentation and MMP-mediated type IV collagen degradation were obtained. Poor outcome was defined by the recurrence of AF during 1-year follow-up. 61 patients were included in final analysis. Twenty (32.8%) patients had recurrence of AF. Patients with a recurrence of AF had a higher percentage of LA LGE (26.7 ± 12.5% vs. 17.0 ± 7.7%; P < 0.001), higher LA T1 relaxation times (856.7 ± 112.2 ms vs. 746.8 ± 91.0 ms; P < 0.001) and higher plasma levels of relaxin (0.69 ± 1.34 pg/ml vs. 0.37 ± 0.88 pg/ml; P = 0.035). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, poor ablation outcome was best predicted by advanced LGE stage (hazard ratio (HR):5.487; P = 0.001) and T1 relaxation times (HR:1.007; P = 0.001). Pre-procedural CMR is a valuable tool for prediction of poor response to catheter ablation therapy in patients with AF. It offers various imaging techniques for outcome prediction and might be valuable for a better patient selection prior to ablation therapy.
Accretionary prism collapse: a new hypothesis on the source of the 1771 giant tsunami in the Ryukyu Arc, SW Japan
Authors: Okamura Yukinobu , Nishizawa Azusa , Fujii Yushiro , Yanagisawa Hideaki 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe giant 1771 Yaeyama tsunami occurred in the southwestern part of the Ryukyu Arc, a region on an obliquely subducting plate boundary, which shows no direct evidence of inter-plate coupling. Studies of tsunami boulders and deposits suggest that the recurrence interval of comparably giant tsunamis is roughly 500 to 1000 years. Tsunami source models, which include either slip on a shallow plate boundary or active faulting plus a landslide on the overriding plate, are controversial because of inconsistencies in the geophysical and geological data. We discovered a seafloor depression that is approximately 30 km wide and 80 km long extending in the ESE-WNW direction. This depression is accompanied by a seaward bulge on the accretionary prism along the Ryukyu Trench, which is based on detailed bathymetric data and interpreted to be the result of accretionary prism collapse and seaward displacement by rotational slide. A simple tsunami simulation shows that the slide is a plausible source of the 1771 tsunami. We propose a collapse model, in which the accretionary prism remained over-steepened as strike-slip faulting removed the prism toe. Our model indicates that some oblique subduction zones are capable of generating giant tsunamis regardless of weak or strong coupling.
Investigation of hindbrain activity during active locomotion reveals inhibitory neurons involved in sensorimotor processing
Authors: Severi Kristen E. , Böhm Urs L. , Wyart Claire 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLocomotion in vertebrates relies on motor circuits in the spinal cord receiving inputs from the hindbrain to execute motor commands while dynamically integrating proprioceptive sensory feedback. The spatial organization of the neuronal networks driving locomotion in the hindbrain and role of inhibition has not been extensively investigated. Here, we mapped neuronal activity with single-cell resolution in the hindbrain of restrained transgenic Tg(HuC:GCaMP5G) zebrafish larvae swimming in response to whole-field visual motion. We combined large-scale population calcium imaging in the hindbrain with simultaneous high-speed recording of the moving tail in animals where specific markers label glycinergic inhibitory neurons. We identified cells whose activity preferentially correlates with the visual stimulus or motor activity and used brain registration to compare data across individual larvae. We then morphed calcium imaging data onto the zebrafish brain atlas to compare with known transgenic markers. We report cells localized in the cerebellum whose activity is shut off by the onset of the visual stimulus, suggesting these cells may be constitutively active and silenced during sensorimotor processing. Finally, we discover that the activity of a medial stripe of glycinergic neurons in the domain of expression of the transcription factor engrailed1b is highly correlated with the onset of locomotion. Our efforts provide a high-resolution, open-access dataset for the community by comparing our functional map of the hindbrain to existing open-access atlases and enabling further investigation of this population’s role in locomotion.
Emerging role of precision medicine in biliary tract cancers
Authors: Bogenberger James M. , DeLeon Thomas T. , Arora Mansi , Ahn Daniel H. , Borad Mitesh J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBiliary tracts cancers (BTCs) are a diverse group of aggressive malignancies with an overall poor prognosis. Genomic characterization has uncovered many putative clinically actionable aberrations that can also facilitate the prognostication of patients. As such, comprehensive genomic profiling is playing a growing role in the clinical management of BTCs. Currently however, there is only one precision medicine approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of BTCs. Herein, we highlight the prevalence and prognostic, diagnostic, and predictive significance of recurrent mutations and other genomic aberrations with current clinical implications or emerging relevance to clinical practice. Some ongoing clinical trials, as well as future areas of exploration for precision oncology in BTCs are highlighted.
Field and laboratory trials of 400GBASE‐LR8 over fibre distances up to 35 km
Authors: Zhou Y.R. , Smith K. , Gilson M. , Brooks P. , Cole C. , Yu C. 
Published: September 2018

Successful experimental demonstration and field trial of 400GBASE‐LR8 is reported based on 4‐level pulse amplitude modulation format over standard G.652 single‐mode fibre using CFP8 pluggable optical transceivers. Stable long‐term error‐free performance of 400GBASE‐LR8 optical signal over fibre spools of varying lengths up to 35 km is demonstrated, which is significantly longer than the IEEE standard 802.3bs specification of 10 km reach. For the first time, error‐free full throughput performance of 400GBASE‐LR8 over a 27 km field fibre link including optical patch panels through operational exchanges is also demonstrated. The results demonstrate that this early 400GBASE‐LR8 client technology is suitable for practical network deployment scenarios and has potential for even longer reach beyond the 10 km specification.
Velocity profiles of [CII], [CI], CO, and [OI] and physical conditions in four star-forming regions in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Okada Yoko , Güsten Rolf , Requena-Torres Miguel Angel , Röllig Markus , Stutzki Jürgen , Graf Urs Ulrich , Hughes Annie 
Published: September 2018

Aims. The aim of our study is to investigate the physical properties of the star-forming interstellar medium (ISM) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) by separating the origin of the emission lines spatially and spectrally. The LMC provides a unique local template to bridge studies in the Galaxy and high redshift galaxies because of its low metallicity and proximity, enabling us to study the detailed physics of the ISM in spatially resolved individual star-forming regions. Following Okada et al. (Okada, Y., Requena-Torres, M. A., Güsten, R., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A54), we investigate different phases of the ISM traced by carbon-bearing species in four star-forming regions in the LMC, and model the physical properties using the KOSMA-τ PDR model.
Methods. We mapped 3–13 arcmin2 areas in 30 Dor, N158, N160, and N159 along the molecular ridge of the LMC in [C II] 158 μm with GREAT on board SOFIA. We also observed the same area with CO(2-1) to (6-5), 13CO(2-1) and (3-2), [C I] 3P1–3P0 and 3P2–3P1 with APEX. For selected positions in N159 and 30 Dor, we observed [O I] 145 μm and [O I] 63 μm with upGREAT. All spectra are velocity resolved.
Results. In all four star-forming regions, the line profiles of CO, 13CO, and [C I] emission are similar, being reproduced by a combination of Gaussian profiles defined by CO(3-2), whereas [C II] typically shows wider line profiles or an additional velocity component. At several positions in N159 and 30 Dor, we observed the velocity-resolved [O I] 145 and 63 μm lines for the first time. At some positions, the [O I] line profiles match those of CO, at other positions they are more similar to the [C II] profiles. We interpret the different line profiles of CO, [C II] and [O I] as contributions from spatially separated clouds and/or clouds in different physical phases, which give different line ratios depending on their physical properties. We modeled the emission from the CO, [C I], [C II], and [O I] lines and the far-infrared continuum emission using the latest KOSMA-τ PDR model, which treats the dust-related physics consistently and computes the dust continuum SED together with the line emission of the chemical species. We find that the line and continuum emissions are not well-reproduced by a single clump ensemble. Toward the CO peak at N159 W, we propose a scenario that the CO, [C II], and [O I] 63 μm emission are weaker than expected because of mutual shielding among clumps.
Therapie der Sternumosteomyelitis nach medianer Sternotomie bei 130 Patienten mittels gestielter myokutaner Latissimuslappenplastik
Authors: Pech Thomas , Kania Alexander , Fehlberg Wiebke , Kalff Jörg , Walgenbach Klaus-Jürgen , Busch Kay-Hendrik 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Nach medianer Sternotomie kommt es bei 0,8 – 8% der Patienten nach herzchirurgischer Operation zu tiefreichenden Wundheilungsstörungen des Sternums, die mit einem deutlich verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt sowie einer deutlich erhöhten Morbidität und Letalität einhergehen. Zur plastisch-chirurgischen Defektdeckung wird in unserer Klinik nach radikalem chirurgischen Débridement, Entfernung von Fremdmaterial sowie Vakuumkonditionierung bei großen und tiefreichenden Defekten eine gestielte M.-latissimus-dorsi-Lappenplastik durchgeführt. Ziel der Arbeit war es, durch retrospektive Analyse von Patientencharakteristika und prä- und perioperativen Daten Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten von Wundheilungsstörungen und Nachblutungen nach Lappenplastik herauszuarbeiten.
Material und Methoden Es wurden Charakteristika (Alter, BMI, Geschlecht), Vorerkrankungen (Diabetes mellitus, chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung [COPD], Niereninsuffizienz sowie prä- und postoperative Daten (perioperative Antikoagulation, Keimspektrum bei Muskellappenplastik) von 130 Patienten gesammelt, die in den Jahren 2009 – 2015 eine Latissimuslappenplastik zur sternalen Defektdeckung erhielten.
Ergebnisse Bei einem Anteil weiblicher Patienten von 37% betrug das mittlere Alter 68,72 ± 9,53 Jahre. Die In-Hospital-Letalität betrug 3,8%. Revisionspflichtige Wundheilungsstörungen oder Nachblutungen traten bei 21,5 bzw. 10,8% der Patienten auf. Die am häufigsten nachgewiesenen Keime bei der plastischen Deckung sind Staphylococcus (S.) aureus und S. epidermidis. Alter > 80 Jahre (p = 0,04), weibliches Geschlecht (p = 0,002) sowie der Nachweis von Fäkalkeimen (p = 0,006), multiresistenten Keimen (p = 0,007) und Klebsiellen (p = 0,026) sind signifikante Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten revisionspflichtiger Wundheilungsstörungen nach Muskellappenplastik. Eine therapeutische perioperative Antikoagulation mit Danaparoid/Fondaparinux stellt einen signifikanten Risikofaktor für eine revisionspflichtige Nachblutung dar.
Schlussfolgerung Die gestielte Latissimuslappenplastik ist bei großen sternalen Wunden die Methode der Wahl, um eine suffiziente Defektauskleidung zu erzielen. Die Keimbesiedelung zum Zeitpunkt der plastischen Defektdeckung beeinflusst das Risiko für Wundheilungsstörungen signifikant, sodass keimreduzierende Maßnahmen im Fokus weiterer Untersuchungen stehen.
Die symptomatische Harnstauungsniere beim metastasierten Malignom
Authors: Heidegger Isabel , Steinkohl Fabian , Horninger Wolfgang , Pichler Renate 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie symptomatische Harnstauungsniere, welche durch einen verminderten oder fehlenden Abfluss von Urin bedingt ist, ist eine häufige Begleiterkrankung bei Patienten/innen mit metastasierten Karzinomen im Abdominal- und Urogenitalbereich. Während die akute Harnstauungsniere mit kolikartigen Beschwerden einhergeht, ist die chronische Harnstauungsniere vielfach lange Zeit unbemerkt. Neben intrinsischen Ursachen wie Harnleitertumore kommt es häufig zu einer externen Kompression von Tumormassen auf den Harnleiter. Durch die Anlage einer Harnleiterschiene oder einer perkutanen Nephrostomie kann zügig eine Deobstruktion erzielt werden. Je nach Prognose der Grunderkrankung kann eine definitive chirurgische Sanierung angedacht werden.
Dichlorodioxomolybdenum(VI) Complexes: Useful and Readily Available Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Sanz Roberto , Hernández-Ruiz Raquel 
Published: September 2018

Molybdenum(VI) dichloride dioxide (MoO2Cl2), and its addition complexes [MoO2Cl2(L)n; L = neutral ligand], are commercially or easily available and inexpensive transition-metal complexes based on a non-noble metal that can be applied as catalysts for various organic transformations. This short review aims to present the most significant breakthroughs in this field.1	Introduction2	Preparation and Reactivity of MoO2Cl2(L)n Complexes2.1	Synthesis and Structure2.2	Reactivity of Dichlorodioxomolybdenum(VI) Complexes3	Redox Processes Catalyzed by MoO2Cl2(L)n Complexes3.1	Deoxygenation Reactions Using Phosphorus Compounds3.2	Deoxygenation and Hydrosilylation Reactions Using Silanes3.3	Reduction Reactions Using Hydrogen3.4	Deoxygenation Reactions with Boranes and Thiols3.5	Reduction Reactions with Glycols3.6	Oxidation Reactions4	Ambiphilic Reactivity of MoO2Cl2
4.1	Amphoteric Lewis Acid–Lewis Base Catalyzed Reactions4.2	Lewis Acid Type Catalyzed Reactions5	Conclusion and Perspective
A Brief Survey on Six Basic and Reduced eHealth Indicators in Seven Countries in 2017
Authors: Haux Reinhold , Ammenwerth Elske , Koch Sabine , Lehmann Christoph , Park Hyeoun-Ae , Saranto Kaija , Wong C. 
Published: September 2018

Background Holistic, ubiquitous support of patient-centered health care (eHealth) at all health care institutions and in patients' homes through information processing is increasingly supplementing institution-centered care. While eHealth indicators may measure the transition from institution-centered (e.g., hospital-centered) information processing to patient-centered information processing, collecting relevant and timely data for such indicators has been difficult.
Objectives This article aims to design some basic eHealth indicators, which are easily collected and measure how well information processing supports holistic patient-centered health care, and to evaluate penetrance of patient-centered health as measured by the indicators internationally via an expert survey.
Methods We identified six basic indicators that measure access of health care professionals, patients, and caregivers to the patient's health record data and the ability of providers, patients, and caregivers to add information in the patient's record. In a survey of international informatics experts, these indicators' penetrance were evaluated for Austria, Finland, Germany, Hong Kong, South Korea, Sweden, and the United States in the summer of 2017.
Results The eHealth status measured by the indicators varied significantly between these seven countries. In Finland, most practices measured by the indicators were fully implemented whereas in Germany only one practice was partially realized.
Conclusion Progress in the implementation of practices that support patient-centered care could mainly be observed in those countries where the “political will” focused on achieving patient-centered care as opposed to an emphasis on institution-centered care. The six eHealth indicators seem to be useful for measuring national progress in patient-centered care. Future work will extend the number of countries analyzed.
Chlorhexidine–Alcohol Compared with Povidone–Iodine Preoperative Skin Antisepsis for Cesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Whitham Megan , El-Nashar Sherif , Clark Steven , Tolcher Mary 
Published: September 2018

Objective To compare chlorhexidine–alcohol with povidone–iodine solutions for skin antisepsis prior to cesarean delivery for the prevention of surgical site infection.
Study Design Electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched from inception to August 2017. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials comparing chlorhexidine–alcohol with povidone–iodine skin preparation solutions for women undergoing cesarean delivery. The primary outcome was surgical site infection including superficial or deep wound infection. Meta-analysis was performed, and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel random effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Higgin's I
2.
Results Of 61 abstracts identified in the primary search, four studies (3,059 women) met the eligibility criteria. The risk of surgical site infection was significantly reduced with chlorhexidine–alcohol (RR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.52–0.98). No heterogeneity across studies was observed with I
2 = 0%. Subgroup analysis of superficial infection only or deep infection only showed no statistically significant difference (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.54–1.08; and RR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.23–1.10, respectively).
Conclusion Preoperative skin cleansing prior to cesarean delivery with chlorhexidine–alcohol reduces surgical site infection as compared with povidone–iodine solutions.
smCounter2: an accurate low-frequency variant caller for targeted sequencing data with unique molecular identifiers
Authors: Xu Chang , Gu Xiujing , Padmanabhan Raghavendra , Wu Zhong , Peng Quan , DiCarlo John , Wang Yexun 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Low-frequency DNA mutations are often confounded with technical artifacts from sample preparation and sequencing. With unique molecular identifiers (UMIs), most of the sequencing errors can be corrected. However, errors before UMI tagging, such as DNA polymerase errors during end repair and the first PCR cycle, cannot be corrected with single-strand UMIs and impose fundamental limits to UMI-based variant calling.

Results
We developed smCounter2, a UMI-based variant caller for targeted sequencing data and an upgrade from the current version of smCounter. Compared to smCounter, smCounter2 features lower detection limit that decreases from 1 to 0.5%, better overall accuracy (particularly in non-coding regions), a consistent threshold that can be applied to both deep and shallow sequencing runs, and easier use via a Docker image and code for read pre-processing. We benchmarked smCounter2 against several state-of-the-art UMI-based variant calling methods using multiple datasets and demonstrated smCounter2’s superior performance in detecting somatic variants. At the core of smCounter2 is a statistical test to determine whether the allele frequency of the putative variant is significantly above the background error rate, which was carefully modeled using an independent dataset. The improved accuracy in non-coding regions was mainly achieved using novel repetitive region filters that were specifically designed for UMI data.

Availability and implementation
The entire pipeline is available at https://github.com/qiaseq/qiaseq-dna under MIT license.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Homological Projective Duality for Linear Systems with Base Locus
Authors: Carocci Francesca , Turčinović Zak 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We show how blowing up varieties in base loci of linear systems gives a procedure for creating new homological projective duals from old. Starting with a homological projective (HP) dual pair $X,Y$ and smooth orthogonal linear sections $X_L,Y_L$, we prove that the blowup of $X$ in $X_L$ is naturally HP dual to $Y_L$. The result also holds true when $Y$ is a noncommutative variety or just a category. We extend the result to the case where the base locus $X_L$ is a multiple of a smooth variety and the universal hyperplane has rational singularities; here the HP dual is a weakly crepant categorical resolution of singularities of $Y_L$. Finally we give examples where, starting with a noncommutative $Y$, the above process nevertheless gives geometric HP duals.