bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Risk Analysis of Vertebral Compression Fractures With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Site‐Specific Volumetric Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Liu Ying , Gao Lei , Li Min , Zhang Wei , Wang Yan , Zhao Jian 
Published: November 2024

Aims: To explore the distribution of site‐specific volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and analyze the mechanism of vertebral compression fractures with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects using quantitative computed tomography (QCT).Materials and Methods: 304 postmenopausal women without T2DM and 274 postmenopausal women with T2DM underwent QCT scan, and all divided into three age subgroups. L1 vertebra was segmented into nine zones based on the corresponding position to the human body.Results: Whether in the T2DM or non‐T2DM of each age group, from the ventral to the dorsal side of L1 vertebra, the posterior third zones were the highest, and from the head to the foot of L1 vertebra, the middle third zones were the highest (p < 0.05). Global and most zonal vBMDs of T2DM were higher than those of non‐T2DM in the age group of 50–59 years old, vBMD‐mp of T2DM was higher in the age group of 60‐59 years old, and vBMD‐mm of T2DM was higher in the age group of 70–80 years old (p < 0.05). Zonal vBMDs in T2DM were higher than non‐T2DM and the difference decreases with age especially in the upper third of L1 vertebra and the lower third of L1 vertebra.Conclusions: Vertebral compression fractures and the confusion between T2DM and vBMD may be all caused by the heterogeneous distribution of vBMDs. The higher risk of T2DM with vertebral compression fractures may be associated with the different loss rate of global and site‐specific vBMD, independent of vBMD itself.
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Multivariate Analysis of Four Moroccan Essential Oils: Mentha piperita, Mentha pulegium, Thymus serpyllum, and Thymus zygis
Authors: El Maimouni Mohamed Amine , El Amrani Soukaina , Fadil Mouhcine , Menyiy Naoual , Bouslamti Rabia , Annemer Saoussan , Lairini Sanae , El Ouali Lalami Abdelhakim 
Published: November 2024

Background: Food chemical antioxidants have demonstrated protective effects against reactive oxygen species and free radicals, but present in excess, harmful consequences might occur on health. Therefore, replacing these synthetic additives with nontoxic natural antioxidants is crucial.Objective: The current study examined aroma profile, antioxidant activity, and multivariate analysis of Mentha piperita, Mentha pulegium, Thymus serpyllum, and Thymus zygis essential oils from Morocco.Methods: GC‐MS analysis was carried out to determine the chemical composition of the four oils, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated with 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cation radical (ABTS+), hydrogen peroxide scavenging capacity (H2O2), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) methods.Results: Isomintlactone (35.55%), pulegone (74.04%), borneol (37.87%), and borneol (30.99%) were the most abundant compounds of M. piperita, M. pulegium, T. serpyllum, and T. zygis EOs. The antioxidant activity of the four EOs was particularly notable, with an IC50 varying between 3.51 ± 0.22 mg/mL and 0.49 ± 0.08 mg/mL by the DPPH method, 1.02 ± 0.21 mg/mL and 0.4 ± 0.7 mg/mL by the ABTS method, and 0.063 ± 0.01 mg/mL and 0.009 ± 0.008 mg/mL by the H2O2 method. For the FRAP technique, the EC50 was between 0.42 ± 0.02 mg/mL and 0.09 ± 0.01 mg/mL. Finally, the equivalent concentration of ascorbic acid ranged between 10.42 ± 0.03 mg AAs/mL for M. piperita and 7.25 ± 0.19 mg AAs/mL for T. serpyllum. As determined by multivariate analysis, antioxidant activities through the DPPH, ABTS, TAC, and FRAP were mainly influenced the major compounds of M. pulegium and M. piperita EOs. However, the H2O2 method showed a stronger positive correlation with major compounds of T. zygis EO.Conclusion: The EOs derived from M. piperita, M. pulegium, T. serpyllum, and T. zygis species might be exploited as a natural source for antioxidant activity.
Update on Cancer Screening in Children with Syndromes of Bone Lesions, Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome, and Other Rare Syndromes
Authors: Michaeli Orli , Kim Sun Young , Mitchell Sarah G. , Jongmans Marjolijn C.J. , Wasserman Jonathan D. , Perrino Melissa R. , Das Anirban , MacFarland Suzanne P. , Scollon Sarah R. , Greer Mary-Louise C. , Sobreira Nara , Gallinger Bailey , Lupo Philip J. , Malkin David , Schneider Kami Wolfe , Schultz Kris Ann P. , Foulkes William D. , Woodward Emma R. , Stewart Douglas R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The management of children with syndromes associated with an increased risk of benign and malignant neoplasms is a complex challenge for health care professionals. The 2023 American Association for Cancer Research Childhood Cancer Predisposition Workshop provided updated consensus guidelines on cancer surveillance in these syndromes, aiming to improve early detection and intervention and reduce morbidity associated with such neoplasms. In this article, we review several of the rare conditions discussed in this workshop. Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome are enchondromatoses (disorders featuring benign bone lesions) with up to 50% risk of malignancy, including chondrosarcoma. These patients require surveillance with baseline whole-body MRI and routine monitoring of potential malignant transformation of bony lesions. Hereditary multiple osteochondromas carry a lower risk of chondrosarcoma (&lt;6%) but still require lifelong surveillance and baseline imaging. Related syndromes of benign bone lesions are also described. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome, associated with fumarate hydratase pathogenic variants, is discussed in detail. Surveillance for renal cell carcinoma in pediatric age is recommended, as well as prompt intervention when a lesion is detected. Schinzel–Giedion syndrome and Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome are described for their associated malignancies and other complications, as well as expert consensus on the need for childhood cancer surveillance. Clinical recommendations, including imaging modalities and frequency of screenings, are proposed and are tailored to each syndrome's age-specific tumor risk profile. In all syndromes, patients and their families should be educated about the potential malignancy risk and advised to seek medical care for rapid growth of a mass, persistent pain, or other unexplained symptoms.
Social Bonds Retain Oxytocin-Mediated Brain-Liver Axis to Retard Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ko Seien , Anzai Atsushi , Liu Xueyuan , Kinouchi Kenichiro , Yamanoi Kazuhiro , Torimitsu Takuto , Ichihara Genki , Kitakata Hiroki , Shirakawa Kohsuke , Katsumata Yoshinori , Endo Jin , Hayashi Kaori , Yoshida Masahide , Nishimori Katsuhiko , Tanaka Kenji F. , Onaka Tatsushi , Sano Motoaki , Ieda Masaki 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUNDS:
Social interaction with others is essential to life. Although social isolation and loneliness have been implicated as increased risks of cardiometabolic and cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which social connection maintains cardiometabolic and cardiovascular health remain largely unresolved.

METHODS:

To investigate how social connection protects against cardiometabolic and cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis-prone, high-fat diet-fed
Apoe
−/−
mouse siblings were randomly assigned to either individual or grouped housing for 12 weeks. Histological, flow cytometric, biochemical, gene, and protein analyses were performed to assess atherosclerotic lesions, systemic metabolism, inflammation, and stress response. The effects of oxytocin on hepatocytes and subsequent cardiometabolic and cardiovascular function were investigated by in vivo and in vitro approaches.

RESULTS:

Apoe
−/−
mice housed individually developed larger vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions by disrupted lipid metabolism compared with those of mice in regular group housing, irrespective of body weight, eating behavior, feeding conditions, sympathetic nervous activity, glucocorticoid response, or systemic inflammation. Mechanistically, the chronic isolation reduced the hypothalamic production of oxytocin, which controls bile acid production and LPL (lipoprotein lipase) activity through the peripheral OXTR (oxytocin receptor) in hepatocytes, whose downstream targets include
Cyp7a1
,
Angptl4
, and
Angptl8
. While hepatocyte-specific OXTR-null mice and mice receiving adeno-associated virus targeting OXTR on hepatocytes led to severe dyslipidemia and aggravated atherosclerosis, oral oxytocin supplementation to socially isolated mice, but not to hepatocyte-specific OXTR conditional knockout mice, improved lipid profiles and retarded atherosclerosis development.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results identify a novel brain-liver axis that links sociality to hepatic lipid metabolism, thus proposing a potential therapeutic strategy for loneliness-associated atherosclerosis progression.
Experimental investigation on in-plane shear behavior of E-glass fiber/epoxy laminated composites under different strain rates
Authors: Ju Shilong , Zhang Haixia , Chen Huan 
Published: November 2024

Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) has been widely applied in buildings and bridges owing to its excellent material properties. The GFRP as a bearing load component in structures may be damaged, with an increasing threat from accidental impact. To understand the dynamic in-plane shear properties of GFRP is essential, which is a basis to design and evaluate structures. In this study, the ±45° specimens of GFRP laminated were tested to investigate the in-plane shear properties with the strain rate from quasi-static to 106 s−1. The dynamic test was conducted by INSSTRON VHS and the stretch process was record by high-speed camera. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was used to obtain strains of the specimens. And the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to observe the fracture surface of the specimen. The results indicated that the failure mode, shear strength, failure strain, failure strain, absorbed energy and shear modules possessed strain rate effects. Furthermore, the empirical equations were proposed, which can be used to predict the dynamic increase factor at different loading rate.
Use of Medications With Somnolence Adverse Effects and Somnolence Symptoms Among Older Adults in the U.S.
Authors: Wilder Jocelyn , Lauderdale Diane , Qato Dima M. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Nearly half of older adults experience somnolence, but the link between medications with somnolence as an adverse effect and somnolence is unclear. This study investigated the association between polypharmacy and somnolence symptoms (excessive sleepiness or long sleep duration). Methods Data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) 2010–2011 was used to examine the concurrent use of medications with potential somnolence as an adverse effect and the prevalence of somnolence symptoms. Results Among the 2638 older adults (mean, 71 years), 49.0% used medications with potential somnolence adverse effects. The adjusted prevalence of somnolence symptoms was significantly higher among those using three or more medications (58%) than those not using such medications (31.2%) (difference, 20.4%; 95% CI 12.5, 28.4). Discussion In this cross-sectional study, medications with somnolence as a potential adverse effect were commonly used, and the findings suggest a link between polypharmacy and the increased risk of somnolence symptoms.
Relations Between Psychological Maltreatment by Teachers and Cyberbullying Perpetration Among Elementary School Students: The Roles of Self-Esteem and Sex
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Huebner E. Scott , Tian Lili 
Published: November 2024

The topics of psychological maltreatment by teachers and children’s cyberbullying perpetration have both attracted increasing research attention. However, clarification of the development and specific psychological mechanisms linking psychological maltreatment by teachers to cyberbullying perpetration by students remains necessary. Thus, this study examined the longitudinal relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and subsequent cyberbullying perpetration, along with the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of sex. A total of 5563 Chinese elementary school students (56% boys; M age = 9.92 years, SD = 0.74) completed self-report measures on 5 occasions across 2.5 years. Latent growth curve mediation modeling was applied to examine the longitudinal relations among the variables. Results showed that (a) Psychological maltreatment by teachers was positively associated with subsequent cyberbullying perpetration; (b) The developmental trajectory of psychological maltreatment by teachers was indirectly associated with the developmental trajectory of cyberbullying perpetration through the mediating role of self-esteem; (c) Sex moderated the relations among psychological maltreatment by teachers, self-esteem and cyberbullying perpetration among children such that self-esteem mediated the relation between psychological maltreatment by teachers and cyberbullying perpetration for boys but not girls. Implications for the prevention of psychological maltreatment by teachers and cyberbullying perpetration were discussed.
Discordance Between Balance Ability and Perception Is Associated With Falls in Parkinson’s Disease: A Coordinated Analysis
Authors: Longhurst Jason K. , Hooyman Andrew , Landers Merrill R. , Mancini Martina , Franzén Erika , Leavy Breiffni , Johansson Hanna , Peterson Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Background The congruence or discordance between actual and perceived balance ability has been proposed to be linked to functional outcomes such as falls. However, gaps remain in our ability to quantify discordance, and its relationship to relevant outcomes. Objective To investigate a novel quantification of concordance/discordance between balance performance and perception and determine the relationship to falls among people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). Methods Data from 244 PwPD were aggregated from 5 previously conducted studies. Variables extracted included age, sex, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC; perceived balance), Timed Up and Go (TUG; balance performance), Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) part III scores, and retrospective falls (6- or 12-month). Data validation between studies was established. Discordance was quantified as the difference between an individual’s predicted ABC, based upon their TUG score, to their reported ABC. Results Two methods for calculating discordance were tested: simple linear regression and segmented regression. As there were no differences between the bootstrap distributions of both approaches ( P = .520), simple linear regression was utilized for the subsequent logistic regression model. Discordance was the only statistically significant predictor of fall status (OR = 0.98, P = .003), after controlling for age, MDS-UPDRS part III, sex, and TUG. The inclusion of discordance in the logistic regression model boosted the predictive accuracy by 58%. Conclusions Discordance between actual and perceived balance was uniquely related to retrospective fall history among PwPD. Clinicians and researchers should consider discordance between actual and perceived balance as a potentially modifiable target to minimize falls.
High expression of malic enzyme 1 predicts adverse prognosis in patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia and promotes leukaemogenesis through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathways
Authors: Zhang Chang , Li Wenlu , Wu Fei , Lu Zhongwei , Zeng Piaorong , Luo Zeyu , Cao Yixiong , Wen Feng , Li Junjun , Chen Xi , Wang Fujue 
Published: November 2024

Background: Progress in improving risk stratification methods for patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (CN-AML) remains limited. This study investigates the prognostic significance and potential functional mechanism of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) in CN-AML. Methods: Gene expression and clinical data of patients with CN-AML were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, which were subjected to analysis. The prognostic significance of ME1 was assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A novel risk model based on ME1 expression levels was developed using TCGA data for predicting CN-AML prognosis. Furthermore, the impact of ME1 silencing on AML cell lines was investigated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis and Western blotting were performed to explore the mechanism of ME1 in CN-AML. Results: CN-AML patients expressing higher ME1 levels exhibited shorter event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to those with lower ME1 expression in the TCGA and multiple GEO datasets (all p < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that ME1 expression served as an independent prognostic factor for the EFS ( p = 0.024 in TCGA, p = 0.035 in GSE6891) and OS ( p = 0.039 in TCGA, p = 0.008 in GSE6891) in patients with CN-AML. The developed risk model demonstrated that patients with CN-AML in the high-risk group had worse survival than those in the low-risk group (hazard ratio: 2.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.54–4.65, p < 0.001) and exhibited strong predictive accuracy for 1-, 3- and 5-year OS (area under the curve = 0.69, 0.75, 0.79, respectively). ME1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis in AML cells (all p < 0.05). GSEA and Western blotting demonstrated that ME1 regulates the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in CN-AML. Conclusion: Elevated ME1 expression serves as an indicator of poorer prognosis in patients with CN-AML, potentially facilitating leukaemogenesis through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. This suggests that ME1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CN-AML.
Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Versus Quadriceps Tendon–Bone Autografts in Anatomic Rectangular Tunnel Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Shimomura Kazunori , Tsujii Akira , Tanaka Ayaka , Hamada Masayuki , Yonetani Yasukazu 
Published: November 2024

Background: Anatomic rectangular tunnel anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ART-ACLR) can mimic the fiber arrangement of the native ACL and restore normal knee biomechanics, compared with the conventional round tunnel ACLR. ART-ACLR using a bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) graft can provide satisfactory clinical outcomes; however, some issues such as secondary ACL injury and donor-site morbidity, including postoperative anterior knee pain (AKP), remain to be solved. Due to these issues, quadriceps tendon–bone (QTB) grafts have recently become more popular. Purpose: To compare the 2-year clinical outcomes of ART-ACLR with BPTB and QTB autografts. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 134 patients underwent primary ART-ACLR with BPTB (n = 70) or QTB (n = 64). All patients had a minimum follow-up period of 2 years postoperatively. Outcome evaluations included the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), side-to-side differences (SSDs) with the KT-1000 knee arthrometer, rate of secondary ACL injury, and incidence of AKP. Results: Regarding age, sex, height, weight,and concomitant procedures, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. All clinical scores significantly improved from preoperatively to 6 months postoperatively and further increased throughout the 2-year postoperative period in both groups. The IKDC and all subscales of the KOOS, except Sport and Recreation, were equivalent between the BPTB and QTB groups at each postoperative time point. There were no significant differences in the SSD value of KT-1000 arthrometer between the 2 groups. The rates of secondary ACL injury were 10.0% on the ipsilateral side and 2.9% on the contralateral side in the BPTB group and 3.1% on the ipsilateral side and 4.7% on the contralateral side in the QTB group, with no significant difference between both groups. The incidence of AKP was 17.1% and 4.9% in the BPTB group and QTB group, respectively, with significance of P = .02). Conclusion: The clinical scores, SSD value of the KT-1000 arthrometer, and secondary ACL injury rates were equivalent between the BPTB and QTB groups. However, the incidence of AKP was significantly lower in the QTB group, suggesting that QTB could be a favorable graft for ACLR.
A Novel Description of Medial Meniscus Vascularization: A Multicenter Study Introducing the Medial Meniscal Artery
Authors: Mameri ES , Khan Z , S Gursoy , Zielinska A , Smigielski R , Chahla J 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To perform a qualitative and quantitative anatomic study of the extra-articular medial meniscal vasculature and to introduce the novel “medial meniscal artery” (MMA). Methods 33 unpaired frozen human cadaveric knees were dissected. The popliteal artery was identified and cannulated with an angiocatheter. The arteries were perfused with a red acrylic paint solution allowing for visualization. Artery dimensions and distances were measured using a digital goniometercaliper. Perfused specimens were imaged with CT scan and images were processed using segmenting software to identify vessels in a computer model and artery measurements were repeated Results The MMA was consistently identified in all specimens. In 26 of 33 (82%) specimens, the MMA branched directly from the popliteal artery, while in 6, the MMA shared a common trunk with the inferior medial genicular artery (IMGA). The MMA was easily distinguishable from the superior MGA, inferior MGA, and MGA, given its direct course to the medial joint line with terminal branches to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and deep to the semimembranosus tendon. The MMA exhibited a smaller vessel diameter relative to the genicular arteries. Conclusion This is the first study identifying and quantitively describing the MMA in the human knee. This structure can be identified consistently on gross anatomic dissection in patients of varying sex, age, and race. It arises directly from the popliteal artery in 82% of cases, coursing distally to the medial femoral condyle and medially along the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and deep to the semimembranosus tendon. Further research is needed to identify and characterize the artery in vivo and to determine the MMA’s role in meniscus preservation.