bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow Technology for the Genesis and Use of (Highly) Reactive Organometallic Reagents
Authors: Colella Marco , Nagaki Aichiiro , Luisi Renzo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the field of organic synthesis, the advent of flow chemistry and flow microreactor technology represented a tremendous novelty in the way of thinking and performing chemical reactions, opening the doors to poorly explored or even impossible transformations using batch methods. In this Concept article, we would like to highlight the impact of flow chemistry for exploiting highly reactive organometallic reagents, and how, alongside the well‐known advantages concerning safety, scalability, and productivity, flow chemistry makes possible processes that are impossible to control by using the traditional batch approach.
Multivalent C−H⋅⋅⋅Cl/Br−C Interactions Directing the Resolution of Dynamic and Twisted Csules
Authors: Pavlović Radoslav Z. , Zhiquan Lei , Güney Murat , Lalisse Remy F. , Hopf Ryan G. , Gallucci Judith , Moore Curtis , Xie Han , Hadad Christopher M. , Badjić Jovica D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Jovica Badjić at The Ohio State University, and colleagues. The image, by Radoslav Z. Pavlović (idea) and Jennifer F. Neal (design), depicts weak noncovalent contacts controlling the reported system's dynamic stereochemistry, which are shown as a dragon blowing fire at C−H groups. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201903006.
Implications of renin‐angiotensin‐system blocker discontinuation in acute decompensated heart failure with systolic dysfunction
Authors: Darden Douglas , Drazner Mark H. , Mullens Wilfried , Dupont Matthias , Tang W. H. Wilson , Grodin Justin L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundRenin‐angiotensin‐system blockers (RASB) improve clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced fraction; however, there remains ambiguity whether RASB therapy should be continued during the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).HypothesisIn comparison to patients with RASB use, RASB discontinuation in ADHF will be associated with worsening renal function, hypotension, and adverse long‐term clinical outcomes.MethodsPatients in the Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization (ESCAPE) trial were separated into four groups based on RASB use at baseline and discharge: continuation (n = 316), discontinuation (n = 21), initiation (n = 42), and nonuse (n = 23). Post‐discharge outcomes were validated in an independent ADHF cohort admitted to the Cleveland Clinic (n = 253).ResultsRASB discontinuation and nonuse were associated with higher serial creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels than RASB continuation or initiation (P < .001 for both), but not with serial potassium and systolic blood pressure measurements. No other clinical parameter changes were significant. In comparison to RASB continuation, RASB discontinuation and nonuse was associated with ~75% increased risk of a 180‐day composite of death, transplant, or rehospitalization (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.09‐3.20, P = 0.02 and HR 1.72, CI 1.04‐2.82, P = .03, respectively). Post‐discharge outcomes were similar in the validation cohort.ConclusionCompared to RASB continuation, RASB discontinuation and nonuse were associated with higher baseline and serial creatinine levels during treatment for ADHF, but not with changes in SBP and potassium levels. Furthermore, RASB discontinuation and nonuse in ADHF were associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes.
Fire‐Retardant and High‐Temperature‐Resistant Label Paper and Its Potential Applications
Authors: Dong Li‐Ying , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Zhang Qiang‐Qiang , Shao Yue‐Ting 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new kind of fire‐retardant and high‐temperature‐resistant hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowire/aramid label paper has been developed, the effects of the content of HAP nanowires on the mechanical strength, high‐temperature resistance and flame‐retardant performance of the as‐prepared HAP nanowire/aramid label paper are investigated. The experimental results show that the addition of HAP nanowires can significantly improve the properties of the HAP nanowire/aramid label paper. The tensile strength, smoothness, oxygen index of the HAP nanowire/aramid label paper with a HAP/aramid weight ratio of 80/20 are 9.2 MPa, 904 s and 76.8%, respectively, significantly higher than those of the pure aramid fiber paper (3.6 MPa, 62.2 s and 27.6%), which is increased by 1.6 times, 13.5 times, and 1.8 times, respectively, indicating that the HAP nanowire/aramid label paper has superior properties over the pure aramid fiber paper. The thermal parameters characterized by the conical calorimeter indicate that the HAP nanowire/aramid label paper has excellent fire‐retardant and high‐temperature‐resistant performance. Compared with the commercial high‐temperature‐resistant label paper, which is carbonized heavily at 400 °C, the as‐prepared HAP nanowire/aramid label paper is more suitable for the application as the high‐temperature‐resistant and fire‐retardant label paper in nuclear power plants and other high‐temperature environments.
Composite nonlinear multiset canonical correlation analysis for multiview feature learning and recognition
Authors: Yuan Yun‐Hao , Shen Xiaobo , Li Yun , Li Bin , Gou Jianping , Qiang Jipeng , Zhang Xinfeng , Sun Quan‐Sen 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a composite nonlinear multiset canonical correlation projections (CNMCPs) framework where orthogonal constraints are imposed in each set. This makes CNMCP capable of learning uncorrelated low‐dimensional features with minimum redundancy in Hilbert space. With the CNMCP framework, we further present a particular algorithm called multikernel multiset canonical correlations or mKMCC, which introduces different weights into multiple nonlinear functions in all views. An alternating iterative optimization is designed for computational solution. Numerous experimental results on practical datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of mKMCC, in contrast with existing kernel correlation learning approaches.
Sensitive medical data transmission and maintaining data quality using bacterial bee swarm–based hybrid lifetime maximization large‐scale ad hoc routing protocol
Authors: Santhalakshmi M. , Kavitha P. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryNowadays, clinical examination process requires continuous data for evaluating the patient health. Due to the importance of medical data, wireless sensor network is used to collect the large volume of patient health information. The collected data includes the patient body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, air flow, glucose level, which helps to provide the initial treatment and avoid serious situation. The gathered information must be transmitted to the health care center without affecting the quality of data because its quality issue leads to create the packet drop, transmission throughput, maximum energy consumption, and delay. Hence, this paper develop the optimized routing protocol called bacterial bee swarm–based hybrid lifetime maximization large‐scale mobile ad hoc routing protocol for performing data transmission process. The developed system examines the quality of data while improving the network lifetime in large area of mobile ad hoc network. The optimal path and data quality are continuously monitored and effective path and node are selected based on the bacterial bee swarm functions. Then, the efficiency of the system is evaluated with the help of experimental results in terms of energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay, and QoS metric related constraints.
Large Amplitude Motions in Fruit Flavors: The Case of Alkyl Butyrates
Authors: Hakiri Rihab , Derbel Najoua , Stahl Wolfgang , Mouhib Halima 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo accurately characterize the large amplitude motions and soft degrees of freedom of isolated molecules, sampling their conformational landscape by molecular mechanics and quantum chemical calculations may provide a valuable insight into the structure and dynamics. However, the resulting models need to be validated by a reliable experimental counterpart. For ethyl pentanoates, which belong to the family of fruit esters, benchmark calculations at different levels of theory showed that the C−C bond in proximity to the ester carbonyl group exhibits a large amplitude motion that is extremely sensitive to the choice of quantum chemical method and basis set. In such cases, insights from high‐resolution molecular jet techniques are ideal to accurately identify and characterize soft degrees of freedom. Here, we report on the most abundant conformer of ethyl 2‐ethyl butyrate using Fourier‐transform microwave spectroscopy. We show that – unlike other structurally related pentanoates for which gas‐phase and crystallographic data is available – ethyl 2‐ethyl butyrate possesses a Cs symmetry plane under molecular jet conditions.
SCN11A mRNA levels in female bipolar disorder PBMCs as tentative biomarker for distinct patient sub‐phenotypes
Authors: Voinsky Irena , McCarthy Michael J. , Shekhtman Tatyana , Kelsoe John R. , Gurwitz David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent mania and depression episodes and requiring lifelong treatment with mood stabilizing drugs. Several lines of evidence, including with BD patient iPSC‐derived neurons, suggest that neuronal hyperexcitability may underlie the key clinical symptoms of BD. Indeed, higher mRNA levels of SCN11A, coding for the voltage‐gated sodium channel NaV1.9 implicated in nociception, were detected in iPSC‐derived neurons from BD patients, and were normalized by in vitro lithium. Here we studied SCN11A expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from well‐phenotyped female BD patients and controls and evaluated their association with several clinical sub‐phenotypes. We observed higher mRNA levels of SCN11A in PBMCs from female BD patients with no records of alcohol dependence (p = .0050), no records of psychosis (p = .0097), or no records of suicide attempts (p = .0409). A trend was observed for higher SCN11A expression (FD = 1.91; p = .052) in BD PBMCs compared with controls. Datamining of published postmortem gene expression datasets indicated higher SCN11A expression in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex tissues from BD patients compared with controls. Higher phenotype‐associated expression levels in PBMC from BD patients were also observed for ID2 (alcohol dependence, suicide attempts) and HDGFRP3 (seasonal BD pattern). Our findings suggest that higher PBMC SCN11A expression levels may be associated with certain behavioral BD sub‐phenotypes, including lack of alcohol dependence and psychosis, among BD patients. The NaV1.9 voltage‐gated sodium channel thus deserves consideration as a tentative phenotype modifier in BD.
Evaluation of pedaling skill based on muscle synergy in lower extremities during pedaling exercise
Authors: Sato Takuhiro , Kurematsu Riki , Tokuyasu Tatsushi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe central nervous system does not control multiple muscles independently, whereas it manipulates a musculoskeletal system with redundant degrees of freedom. In specific, muscle synergy that represents muscle coordination realizes an advanced motion control of human body. In the pedaling exercise, the coordinated muscle activity between lower extremities is key for high‐efficient exercise when cyclists use binding pedals which fixes both pedals and shoes via cleats. Under the present circumstances, few reports focused on the muscle coordination of both legs. Thus, the relationship between the coordination of both legs and the mechanism of pedaling has not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated the muscle synergy hidden in lower extremities by measuring surface electromyography and crank rotation angle during pedaling exercise under different mechanical constraints. In the results, this study confirmed the muscle cooperativeness formed by both the left and right leg during pedaling. Besides, the muscle cooperativeness had different roles on both legs because this coordination was asymmetrical regardless of the changes in cadence and workload. The muscle coordination formed by both legs was considered to be an evaluation index that could explain how the left and right legs were coordinated for effective pedaling with binding pedals.
Characterization of spoilage‐related volatile organic compounds in packaged leaf salads
Authors: Dryahina Kseniya , Som Suman , Smith David , Španěl Patrik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA study has been made of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released into the contained headspace of packaged lamb's lettuce (Valerianella locusta) plants, cut at the roots, and of separated rocket (Eruca sativa) and baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves. Direct real‐time analyses of the headspace were carried out on each of five consecutive days using selected‐ion flow‐tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) and secondary electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (SESI‐MS), together with concomitant off‐line analyses using solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). It was observed that the concentrations of organosulphur compounds, especially dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) were relatively low in the headspace of fresh samples, but increased exponentially over the 5 days for rocket, increased to a lesser extent for spinach, and increased to an even lesser extent for lamb's lettuce. Methanol was detected in the headspace of even fresh samples of lamb's lettuce, and its concentration increased for the subsequent 2–3 days before decreasing. This trend was mirrored in the isoprenoids analysed, which are characteristic of plant tissues. These results show that direct real‐time VOC analyses by SIFT‐MS can be usefully exploited to monitor fresh leaf salad spoilage, and that SESI‐MS spectra show patterns that are characteristic of salad type and storage time.
Sensory and physicochemical profiling of traditional and enriched gari in Benin
Authors: Adinsi Laurent , Akissoé Noël , Escobar Andres , Prin Laure , Kougblenou Nadège , Dufour Dominique , Hounhouigan Djidjoho J. , Fliedel Geneviève 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGari is a roasted fermented granular product made from cassava in many African countries. It is consumed raw, or added with water, or cooked into a paste. Up to now, gari enriched with palm oil and/or soybean is not available on Beninese markets. To our knowledge, no sensory profiling using appropriate methodology has been conducted on gari in Benin. The sensory studies on gari in Benin and other African countries only included general descriptors (appearance, taste, odor). The aim of our study was to establish a detailed sensory and physicochemical profile of nine traditional and three enriched gari made using different processes in Benin. Fifteen sensory descriptors of raw gari, and gari added with water, were generated and scored using quantitative descriptive analysis. The enriched gari differed from traditional gari mainly in color and odor, while their swelling capacity, texture during chewing, and light sour taste were similar. Marked variability in particle size, particle heterogeneity, water absorption, and sour taste was found among traditional gari. The physicochemical characteristics, such as degree of starch gelatinization, L‐lactic acid, and β‐carotene contents, were highly variable among the 12 gari. Multifactor analysis revealed highly significant correlations between some physicochemical and sensory properties. The addition of soybean and/or palm oil did not affect most of the sensory properties of the traditional gari. The acceptability of these enriched gari with higher nutritive value by Beninese consumers should be tested to develop marketing strategies.
Nanomaterial‐Modified Conducting Paper: Fabrication, Properties, and Emerging Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Pandey Chandra Mouli , Hatamie Amir , Simchi Abdolreza , Willander Magnus , Malhotra Bansi D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe emerging demand for wearable, lightweight portable devices has led to the development of new materials for flexible electronics using non‐rigid substrates. In this context, nanomaterial‐modified conducting paper (CP) represents a new concept that utilizes paper as a functional part in various devices. Paper has drawn significant interest among the research community because it is ubiquitous, cheap, and environmentally friendly. This review provides information on the basic characteristics of paper and its functionalization with nanomaterials, methodology for device fabrication, and their various applications. It also highlights some of the exciting applications of CP in point‐of‐care diagnostics for biomedical applications. Furthermore, recent challenges and opportunities in paper‐based devices are summarized.
Effects of PRP and LyPRP on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs
Authors: Xie Yuxing , Chen Manyu , Chen Yafang , Xu Yang , Sun Yong , Liang Jie , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is rich in a variety of growth factors and plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It has been reported that the preparation of freeze‐dried platelets (lyophilized platelets [LyPRP]) from platelets could be an effective strategy to preserve the bioactivity of platelets for a long time. In this study, the osteogenic induction effects of PRP and LyPRP on MSCs were evaluated. The rabbit arterial blood was drawing to preparation of PRP by secondary centrifugation. Whole blood was prepared by lyophilization buffer to prepare LyPRP, which were activated by chloride and their surface morphology was observed. It was observed using a scanning electron microscope that platelets were evenly distributed on the surface of PRP and LyPRP. Growth factors were slowly released from PRP and LyPRP during the first 7 days and detected by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit. Cell proliferation assays and fluoresceindiacetate/propidium iodide (FDA/PI) staining demonstrated that PRP and LyPRP could promote cell proliferation. PRP and LyPRP were also shown to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro by osteogenesis characteristic staining and qPCR quantitative detection of osteogenic related gene expression. Both PRP and LyPRP could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs effectively. Moreover, PRP exhibited a better osteogenic induction effect on MSC than LyPRP.
Urban–Rural Differences in Hip Fracture Mortality: A Nationwide NOREPOS Study
Authors: Solbakken Siri M , Magnus Jeanette H , Meyer Haakon E , Dahl Cecilie , Stigum Hein , Søgaard Anne J , Holvik Kristin , Tell Grethe S , Emaus Nina , Forsmo Siri , Gjesdal Clara G , Schei Berit , Vestergaard Peter , Omsland Tone K 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTHigher hip fracture incidence in urban than in rural areas has been demonstrated, but urban–rural differences in posthip fracture mortality have been less investigated, and the results are disparate. Hence, the aims of the present register‐based cohort study were to examine possible urban–rural differences in short‐ and long‐term mortality in Norwegian hip fracture patients and their potential associations with sociodemographic variables, and to investigate possible urban–rural differences in excess mortality in hip fracture patients compared with the general population. Data were provided from the NOREPOS hip fracture database, the 2001 Population and Housing Census, and the National Registry. The urbanization degree in each municipality was determined by the proportion of inhabitants living in densely populated areas (rural: <1/3, semirural: 1/3 to 2/3, and urban: >2/3). Age‐adjusted mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios were calculated for hip fracture patients living in rural, semirural, and urban municipalities. A flexible parametric model was used to estimate age‐adjusted average and time‐varying HRs by category of urbanization with the rural category as reference. Among 96,693 hip fracture patients, urban residents had higher mortality than their rural‐dwelling counterparts. The HR of mortality in urban compared with rural areas peaked during the first 1 to 2 years postfracture with a maximum HR of 1.20 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.30) in men and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.21) in women. The differences were significant during approximately 5 years after fracture. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables did not substantially change the results. However, absolute 30‐day mortality was not significantly different between urban and rural residents, suggesting that health‐care quality immediately postfracture does not vary by urbanization. The novel findings of a higher long‐term mortality in urban hip fracture patients might reflect disparities in health status or lifestyle, differences in posthip fracture health care or rehabilitation, or a combination of several factors. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The protective effects of curcumin on cytotoxic and teratogenic activity of retinoic acid in mouse embryonic liver
Authors: Barandeh Behrouz , Amini Mahabadi Javad , Azadbakht Mehri , Gheibi Hayat Seyed Mohammad , Amini Ali 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundRetinoic acid (RA) is a synthetic vitamin derivative. It exerts toxic and teratogenic effects on the development of embryonic organs in dose‐ and time‐dependent manners in mice. Curcumin is a compound obtained from rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and has protective effects on teratogenic agents. The current study examined the effects of curcumin on embryos treated with RA.MethodsA total of 24 female NMRI mice (8‐week‐old pregnant mice) were investigated in the current study. All of them were treated for 10 days during days 15 to 50 of pregnancy. In the first group, the animals were fed with normal diets (control); in the second group, with 60 mg/kg all‐
trans RA; in the third group, with 10 mg/kg curcumin; and in the fourth group, with RA and curcumin in their diets. The animals were killed by cervical dislocation at the 18th day of pregnancy and embryos were separated from the uteruses. The embryo weight and crown rump (CR) length were measured, and the SPSS software was used to analyze data.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the lengths of CR and weights of embryos after using curcumin, but RA had no effect on the length of CR and weight of embryos at a dose of 60 mg/kg. Morphometric assay of liver tissue was performed, and data analysis indicated that there were significant differences between groups in terms of morphometric parameters of liver tissue. Therefore, RA increased the cell number and sinusoid diameter and decreased the cell areas in the embryonic liver tissue. However, curcumin decreased these side effects of RA on the embryonic liver tissue.ConclusionThe results indicated that curcumin could decrease the toxic and teratogenic effects of RA in mouse embryos.