bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Larval assemblages over the abyssal plain in the Pacific are highly diverse and spatially patchy
Authors: Kersten Oliver , Vetter Eric W. , Jungbluth Michelle J. , Smith Craig R. , Goetze Erica 
Published: September 2019

Abyssal plains are among the most biodiverse yet least explored marine ecosystems on our planet, and they are increasingly threatened by human impacts, including future deep seafloor mining. Recovery of abyssal populations from the impacts of polymetallic nodule mining will be partially determined by the availability and dispersal of pelagic larvae leading to benthic recolonization of disturbed areas of the seafloor. Here we use a tree-of-life (TOL) metabarcoding approach to investigate the species richness, diversity, and spatial variability of the larval assemblage at mesoscales across the abyssal seafloor in two mining-claim areas in the eastern Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ; abyssal Pacific). Our approach revealed a previously unknown taxonomic richness within the meroplankton assemblage, detecting larvae from 12 phyla, 23 Classes, 46 Orders, and 65 Families, including a number of taxa not previously reported at abyssal depths or within the Pacific Ocean. A novel suite of parasitic copepods and worms were sampled, from families that are known to associate with other benthic invertebrates or demersal fishes as hosts. Larval assemblages were patchily distributed at the mesoscale, with little similarity in OTUs detected among deployments even within the same 30 × 30 km study area. Our results provide baseline observations on larval diversity prior to polymetallic nodule mining in this region, and emphasize our overwhelming lack of knowledge regarding larvae of the benthic boundary layer in abyssal plain ecosystems.
Effect of orienteering experience on walking and running in the absence of vision and hearing
Authors: Machowska Weronika , Cych Piotr , Siemieński Adam , Migasiewicz Juliusz 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This study aimed to examine differences between track and field (T&F) runners and foot-orienteers (Foot-O) in the walking and running tests in the absence of vision and hearing. We attempted to determine whether experienced foot orienteers show better ability to maintain the indicated direction compared to track and field runners.

Methods
This study examined 11 Foot-O and 11 T&F runners. The study consisted of an interview, a field experiment of walking and running in a straight line in the absence of vision and hearing, and coordination skills tests.

Results
Participants moved straight min. 20 m and max. 40 m during the walking test and min. 20 m and max. 125 m during the running test and then they moved around in a circle. Significant differences between groups were found for the distance covered by walking. Differences between sexes were documented for the distance covered by running and angular deviations. Relationship between lateralization and tendencies to veer were not found. Differences were observed between Foot-O and T&F groups in terms of coordination abilities.

Conclusions
Participants moved in circles irrespective of the type of movement and experience in practicing the sport. Orienteers may use information about their tendencies to turning more often left or right to correct it during their races in dense forests with limited visibility or during night orienteering competition.
Kinematics of maleEupalaestrus weijenberghi(Araneae, Theraphosidae) locomotion on different substrates and inclines
Authors: Silva-Pereyra Valentina , Fábrica C Gabriel , Biancardi Carlo M. , Pérez-Miles Fernando 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundThe mechanics and energetics of spider locomotion have not been deeply investigated, despite their importance in the life of a spider. For example, the reproductive success of males of several species is dependent upon their ability to move from one area to another. The aim of this work was to describe gait patterns and analyze the gait parameters ofEupalaestrus weijenberghi(Araneae, Theraphosidae) in order to investigate the mechanics of their locomotion and the mechanisms by which they conserve energy while traversing different inclinations and surfaces.MethodsTarantulas were collected and marked for kinematic analysis. Free displacements, both level and on an incline, were recorded using glass and Teflon as experimental surfaces. Body segments of the experimental animals were measured, weighed, and their center of mass was experimentally determined. Through reconstruction of the trajectories of the body segments, we were able to estimate their internal and external mechanical work and analyze their gait patterns.ResultsSpiders mainly employed a walk-trot gait. Significant differences between the first two pairs and the second two pairs were detected. No significant differences were detected regarding the different planes or surfaces with respect to duty factor, time lags, stride frequency, and stride length. However, postural changes were observed on slippery surfaces. The mechanical work required for traversing a level plane was lower than expected. In all conditions, the external work, and within it the vertical work, accounted for almost all of the total mechanical work. The internal work was extremely low and did not rise as the gradient increased.DiscussionOur results support the idea of considering the eight limbs functionally divided into two quadrupeds in series. The anterior was composed of the first two pairs of limbs, which have an explorative and steering purpose and the posterior was more involved in supporting the weight of the body. The mechanical work to move one unit of mass a unit distance is almost constant among the different species tested. However, spiders showed lower values than expected. Minimizing the mechanical work could help to limit metabolic energy expenditure that, in small animals, is relatively very high. However, energy recovery due to inverted pendulum mechanics only accounts for only a small fraction of the energy saved. Adhesive setae present in the tarsal, scopulae, and claw tufts could contribute in different ways during different moments of the step cycle, compensating for part of the energetic cost on gradients which could also help to maintain constant gait parameters.
Simulated manned Mars exploration: effects of dietary and diurnal cycle variations on the gut microbiome of crew members in a controlled ecological life support system
Authors: Dong Hai-Sheng , Chen Pu , Yu Yan-Bo , Zang Peng , Wei Zhao 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundChanges in gut microbiome are closely related to dietary and environment variations, and diurnal circle interventions impact on human metabolism and the microbiome. Changes in human gut microbiome and serum biochemical parameters during long-term isolation in a controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) are of great significance for maintaining the health of crewmembers. The Green Star 180 project performed an integrated study involving a four-person, 180-day duration assessment in a CELSS, during which variations in gut microbiome and the concentration of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, α-tocopherol, retinol and folic acid from the crewmembers were determined.ResultsEnergy intake and body mass index decreased during the experiment. A trade-off between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes during the study period was observed. Dynamic variations in the two dominant genus Bacteroides and Prevotella indicated a variation of enterotypes. Both the evenness and richness of the fecal microbiome decreased during the isolation in the CELSS. Transition of diurnal circle from Earth to Mars increased the abundance of Fusobacteria phylum and decreased alpha diversity of the fecal microbiome. The levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the CELSS were significantly lower than those outside the CELSS.ConclusionsThe unique isolation process in the CELSS led to a loss of alpha diversity and a transition of enterotypes between Bacteroides and Prevotella. Attention should therefore be paid to the transition of the diurnal circle and its effects on the gut microbiome during manned Mars explorations. In particular, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels require monitoring under artificial light environments and during long-term space flight. Large-scale studies are required to further consolidate our findings.
Obscena em cena: gestualidade, gênero, sexualidade e transprogramação na performance "Maminha"
Authors: Chastinet (in memoriam) Ivana , Brito (org.) Marcelo Sousa 
Published: September 2019

<p><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ivana Chastinet faleceu no dia 8 de agosto de 2017 em decorrência de uma metástase causada por um câncer que começou nos seios e quase percorreu todo o seu corpo. O corpo foi a base de seus trabalhos criativos e seu próprio objeto de pesquisa. O câncer que lhe tirou a vida foi estímulo para ela continuar resistindo em finalizar sua pesquisa de Mestrado, intitulada <em>“Obscena em cena: gestualidade, gênero, sexualidade e transprogramação na performance ‘Maminha’”</em>,<em> </em>junto ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Artes Cênicas, da Universidade Federal da Bahia, sob a orientação da Professora Doutora Suzana Martins e com bolsa de estudos da Capes.</span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mas, quis o corpo, a matéria, que Ivana parasse por ali o que havia dado início. Um início consistente e que pode servir de base para futuras pesquisas e desdobramentos outros. Mas, era também seu desejo que o pouco que ela deixou escrito fosse disponibilizado e compartilhado para que, de alguma forma, ela continuasse reverberando entre nós e no campo da pesquisa, como uma possibilidade de se fazer viva; como uma prestação de contas a toda colaboração, toda companhia que ela teve durante todo esse tempo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Assim, o que é publicado aqui é uma homenagem da revista<em> Repertório </em>a essa artista-ativista que tanto nos ensinou. O texto foi organizado por Marcelo Sousa Brito, seu amigo pessoal, a partir de um arquivo deixado por ela. Resolvemos publicar assim, como se fosse uma mini dissertação, incluindo os agradecimentos e valorizando questões e conceitos levantados por Chastinet como <em>corpo cênico </em>e<em> transprogramação</em>,<em> </em>a partir de uma prática criativa – a performance “Maminha” – e de suas inquietações sobre temas ligados a gênero e sexualidade como códigos geradores de gestos obscenos, antes, durante e depois da cena.</span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A revista <em>Repertório </em>rende, com a publicação desse texto, uma homenagem a essa artista-ativista, que lutou até o último segundo para se manter viva nos campos da arte e do ativismo e que, para nós, estará sempre abrindo caminhos!</span></p>
Targeted SLC19A3 gene sequencing of 3000 Saudi newborn: a pilot study toward newborn screening
Authors: Alfadhel Majid , Umair Muhammad , Almuzzaini Bader , Alsaif Saif , AlMohaimeed Sulaiman A. , Almashary Maher A. , Alharbi Wardah , Alayyar Latifah , Alasiri Abdulrahman , Ballow Mariam , AlAbdulrahman Abdulkareem , Alaujan Monira , Nashabat Marwan , Al‐Odaib Ali , Altwaijri Waleed , Al‐Rumayyan Ahmed , Alrifai Muhammad T. , Alfares Ahmed , AlBalwi Mohammed , Tabarki Brahim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundBiotin–thiamine‐responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is an autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder mostly presented in children. The disorder is described as having subacute encephalopathy with confusion, dystonia, and dysarthria triggered by febrile illness that leads to neuroregression and death if untreated. Using biotin and thiamine at an early stage of the disease can lead to significant improvement.MethodsBTBGD is a treatable disease if diagnosed at an early age and has been frequently reported in Saudi population. Keeping this in mind, the current study screened 3000 Saudi newborns for the SLC19A3 gene mutations using target sequencing, aiming to determine the carrier frequency in Saudi Population and whether BTBGD is a good candidate to be included in the newborn‐screened disorders.ResultsUsing targeted gene sequencing, DNA from 3000 newborns Saudi was screened for the SLC19A3 gene mutations using standard methods. Screening of the SLC19A3 gene revealed a previously reported heterozygous missense mutation (c.1264A>G (p.Thr422Ala) in six unrelated newborns. No probands having homozygous pathogenic mutations were found in the studied cohort. The variant has been frequently reported previously in homozygous state in Saudi population, making it a hot spot mutation. The current study showed that the carrier frequency of SLC19A3 gene mutation is 1 of 500 in Saudi newborns.ConclusionFor the first time in the literature, we determined the carrier frequency of SLC19A3 gene mutation in Saudi population. The estimated prevalence is too rare in Saudi population (at least one in million); therefore, the data are not in favor of including such very rare disorders in newborn screening program at population level. However, a larger cohort is needed for a more accurate estimate.
Lattice Dynamics, Phonon Chirality, and Spin–Phonon Coupling in 2D Itinerant Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Du Luojun , Tang Jian , Zhao Yanchong , Li Xiaomei , Yang Rong , Hu Xuerong , Bai Xueyin , Wang Xiao , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Shi Dongxia , Yu Guoqiang , Bai Xuedong , Hasan Tawfique , Zhang Guangyu , Sun Zhipei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFe3GeTe2 has emerged as one of the most fascinating van der Waals crystals due to its 2D itinerant ferromagnetism, topological nodal lines, and Kondo lattice behavior. However, lattice dynamics, chirality of phonons, and spin–phonon coupling in this material, which set the foundation for these exotic phenomena, have remained unexplored. Here, the first experimental investigation of the phonons and mutual interactions between spin and lattice degrees of freedom in few‐layer Fe3GeTe2 is reported. The results elucidate three prominent Raman modes at room temperature: two A1g(Γ) and one E2g(Γ) phonons. The doubly degenerate E2g(Γ) mode reverses the helicity of incident photons, indicating the pseudoangular momentum and chirality. Through analysis of temperature‐dependent phonon energies and lifetimes, which strongly diverge from the anharmonic model below Curie temperature, the spin–phonon coupling in Fe3GeTe2 is determined. Such interaction between lattice oscillations and spin significantly enhances the Raman susceptibility, allowing to observe two additional Raman modes at the cryogenic temperature range. In addition, laser radiation‐induced degradation of Fe3GeTe2 in ambient conditions and the corresponding Raman fingerprint is revealed. The results provide the first experimental analysis of phonons in this novel 2D itinerant ferromagnet and their applicability for further fundamental studies and application development.
Wafer‐Scale High‐Yield Manufacturing of Degradable Electronics for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Xiang Li , Xia Fan , Zhang Heng , Liu Youdi , Liu Fang , Liang Xuelei , Hu Youfan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDegradable electronics that dissolve or disintegrate in the environment after completing target functions are highly desirable due to great capabilities to eliminate the disposal, retrieval, and recycling of electronic waste worldwide. Constructing electronic systems on water‐soluble substrates via transfer printing technology has emerged as a promising approach toward this goal. However, the current approach suffers from low yields and thus hinders the complexity and scale of the obtained system in practical applications. Here, a wafer‐scale manufacturing process is proposed for degradable systems with high yields. As a demonstration, chips based on carbon nanotube thin films are 100% successfully transferred to water‐soluble substrates with an average device yield of 96.6%. Great uniformity is also obtained in the transferred thin‐film transistors (TFTs) and integrated circuits with a minimum standard deviation of 55 and 60 mV in the threshold voltage of TFTs and switching threshold voltage of inverters, respectively. System‐level demonstration of real‐time environmental monitoring is implemented in a simulated ecosystem together with a degradation demonstration under artificial rain. With its combined great performance, processing robustness, and high yields, this technology provides new opportunities for batch manufacturing of degradable electronics and next‐generation ecofriendly sensing platforms for the coming Internet of Things era.
Digital Nonlinear Metasurface with Customizable Nonreciprocity
Authors: Luo Zhangjie , Chen Ming Zheng , Wang Zheng Xing , Zhou Lin , Li Yun Bo , Cheng Qiang , Ma Hui Feng , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, investigation of metasurface has been extended to nonreciprocity through breaking time‐reversal symmetry. Among a number of magnetless strategies, nonlinearity is an important nonreciprocal principle amenable to the metasurface. As passive analog‐based devices, most of the existing nonlinear nonreciprocal metasurfaces are inherently characterized by the relatively unchangeable performance, sharp frequency response, and hysteresis loops. Here, an analog–digital–analog mechanism is proposed to realize the nonlinear nonreciprocity, which provides a digitally reconfigurable solution for a family of nonreciprocal performance within a shared hardware architecture. This concept is validated by a metasurface prototype with the integration of a digital module at microwave frequencies. Based on the proposed mechanism, the properties can be customized as demanded, ranging from a normal reciprocal response to a variety of nonreciprocal functions, including electromagnetic (EM) diode and EM unidirectional limiting functions, which have been experimentally demonstrated with direction reversibility and threshold tunability. The proposed metasurface is also underpinned by the nonhysteretic performance and wide operating bandwidth, thereby potentially making it an inexpensive and stable candidate for advanced manipulations of EM waves.
Water‐Based Paintable LiCoO2Microelectrodes: A High‐Rate Li‐Ion Battery Free of Conductive and Binder Additives
Authors: Páez Martínez Carlos A. , Exantus Chellda , Dallel Dorra , Alié Christelle , Calberg Cédric , Liquet Dimitri , Eskenazi David , Deschamps Fabien , Job Nathalie , Heinrichs Benoît 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA simple, low‐cost, and environmentally friendly water‐based colloidal spray‐painting process is developed to obtain mechanically stable microelectrodes of pure LiCoO2on stainless steel disks, which display reversible high‐rate discharge capacity and good cyclability. By using a simple nanostructuring process with commercially available LiCoO2, the use of dispersant, conductive, and binder additives during the electrode preparation is completely avoided. The nanostructuring approach is based on: i) planetary ball milling and annealing of LiCoO2microparticles and ii) LiCoO2surface modification through dissociative H2O adsorption during contact with air‐ and water‐based colloid preparation. The coating technique involves: i) water‐based colloid preparation, ii) spray‐coating, and iii) post‐treatment (drying and calcination) processes. The effects of particle size distribution, shape, crystallinity, specific surface area, and LiCoO2surface modification on the electrode architecture (roughness, thickness, packing density, and porosity) are studied, together with their impact on the final electrochemical performances of batteries assembled with such a LiCoO2electrode.
Stereolithographic 3D Printing for Deterministic Control over Integration in Dual‐Material Composites
Authors: Muralidharan Archish , Uzcategui Asais C. , McLeod Robert R. , Bryant Stephanie J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA rapid and facile approach to predictably control integration between two materials with divergent properties is introduced. Programmed integration between photopolymerizable soft and stiff hydrogels is investigated due to their promise in applications such as tissue engineering where heterogeneous properties are often desired. The spatial control afforded by grayscale 3D printing is leveraged to define regions at the interface that permit diffusive transport of a second material in‐filled into the 3D printed part. The printing parameters (i.e., effective exposure dose) for the resin are correlated directly to mesh size to achieve controlled diffusion. Applying this information to grayscale exposures leads to a range of distances over which integration is achieved with high fidelity. A prescribed finite distance of integration between soft and stiff hydrogels leads to a 33% increase in strain to failure under tensile testing and eliminates failure at the interface. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated in a layer‐by‐layer 3D printed part fabricated by stereolithography, which is subsequently infilled with a soft hydrogel containing osteoblastic cells. In summary, this approach holds promise for applications where integration of multiple materials and living cells is needed by allowing precise control over integration and reducing mechanical failure at contrasting material interfaces.
Visible Light‐Initiated Catalyst‐Free One‐Pot, Multicomponent Construction of 5‐Substituted Indole Chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridines
Authors: Zhang Mo , Chen Meng‐Nan , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA visible light‐initiated pseudo four‐component reaction of salicylaldehydes, indole and malononitrile in aqueous ethyl lactate is described. This pot, atomic and step economic (PASE) methodology provides a practical approach for the preparation of various 5‐substituted indole chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridines from readily available starting materials at ambient temperature without any catalyst. High yields and excellent functional groups tolerance are observed.magnified image
Metal‐Free Visible‐Light Promoted Radical Cyclization to Access Perfluoroalkyl‐Substituted Benzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones and Indolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones
Authors: Zeng Fan‐Lin , Sun Kai , Chen Xiao‐Lan , Yuan Xiao‐Ya , He Shuai‐Qi , Liu Yan , Peng Yu‐Yu , Qu Ling‐Bo , Lv Qi‐Yan , Yu Bing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA metal‐free visible‐light‐induced cyclization procedure was developed for the rapid synthesis of perfluoroalkyl‐substituted benzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones and perfluoroalkyl‐substituted indolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones under mild reaction conditions. In this procedure, the formation of electron‐donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex is critical for the visible‐light promoted process to avoid the utilization of external photocatalysts.magnified image
Evaluierung von London‐Dispersions‐ und Lösungsmittel‐Interaktionen an Alkyl‐Alkyl‐Grenzflächen mittels Azobenzolschaltern
Authors: Strauss Marcel A. , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWechselwirkungen auf molekularem Niveau beeinflussen Geometrien von Verbindungen sowie deren Funktion. Insbesondere Grenzflächen zwischen Alkylgruppen wurden bisher kaum untersucht. In dieser Studie wurden London‐Dispersionskräfte in Verbindung mit Lösungsmittelinteraktionen zwischen linearen Alkylketten mit Hilfe eines auf Azobenzol basierten Systems experimentell untersucht. Alkylketten in all‐meta‐Position des Azobenzolgerüsts wurden systematisch verlängert und die Änderung der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der thermisch induzierten Z→E‐Isomerisierung in n‐Decan bestimmt. Es wurde eine zunehmende Stabilität mit steigender Kettenlänge beobachtet, mit einem Maximum bei n‐Butylsubstituenten. Noch längere Ketten führen zu einer schnelleren Isomerisierung. Die Interaktionen können durch attraktive London‐Dispersion erklärt werden. Diese Arbeit gibt einen seltenen Einblick in den stabilisierenden Beitrag sehr flexibler Alkylgruppen in Lösung.