bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The slingshot effect as a probe of transverse motions of galaxies
Authors: Hagala R. , Llinares C. , Mota D. F. 
Published: July 2019

Context. There are currently no reliable methods to measure the transverse velocities of galaxies. This is an important piece of information that is lacking in galaxy catalogues, and it could allow us to probe the physics of structure formation and to test the underlying theory of gravity. The slingshot effect (a special case of the integrated Sachs–Wolfe effect) is expected to create dipole signals in the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. This effect creates a hot spot behind and a cold spot in front of moving massive objects. The dipole signal created by the slingshot effect can be used to measure transverse velocities, but because the signal is expected to be weak, the effect has not been measured yet.
Aims. Our aim is to show that the slingshot effect can be measured by stacking the signals of galaxies falling into a collapsing cluster. Furthermore, we evaluate whether the effect can probe modified gravity.
Methods. We used data from a simulated galaxy catalogue (MultiDark Planck 2) to mimic observations. We identified a 1015 M⊙ cluster, and made maps of the slingshot effect for photons passing near 8438 infalling galaxies. To emulate instrument noise, we added uncorrelated Gaussian noise to each map. We assumed that the average velocity is directed towards the centre of the cluster. The maps were rotated according to the expected direction of motion. This assures that the dipole signal adds up constructively when stacking the maps. We compared the stacked maps to a dipole stencil to determine the quality of the signal. We also evaluated the probability of fitting the stencil in the absence of the slingshot signal.
Results. Each galaxy gives a signal of around ΔT/T ≈ 10−9, while the current precision of CMB experiments is ΔT/T ≈ 4 × 10−6. By stacking around 10 000 galaxies and performing a stencil fit, the slingshot signal can be over the detectable threshold with today’s experiments. However, due to the difficulty of distinguishing an actual signal from false positives, future CMB experiments must be used to be certain of the strength of the observed signal.
Common Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Risk Variants Improve the Prediction of Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Dziedziejko Violetta , Safranow Krzysztof , Tarnowski Maciej , Pawlik Andrzej 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a carbohydrate intolerance that occurs in women during pregnancy. The aims of this study were to develop a model to predict the risk of GDM development using common clinical parameters and selected genetic polymorphisms and to analyse the performance of the model using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. ROC analysis was used to examine whether the evaluation of genetic polymorphisms may enhance the accuracy of GDM prediction in comparison to using common clinical risk factors only. This study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance. The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks gestation. The difference between the AUC of ROC curves for the model 1 including only age and BMI and the model 2 also including 8 genetic polymorphisms was highly significant (p=0.0001) in favour of model 2 (0.090±0.023). Moreover, the additional use of 8 genetic polymorphisms may increase both the sensitivity and specificity of GDM prediction by 10%. The results of this study indicate that the use of 8 genetic polymorphisms associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes [PTGS2 (COX2) rs6681231, FADS1 rs174550, HNF1B rs4430796, ADIPOQ rs266729, IL18 rs187238, CCL2 rs1024611, HHEX rs5015480 and CDKN2A/2B rs10811661] together with clinical risk factors (BMI and age) may significantly improve the prediction of GDM.
Strictureplasty in Complex Crohn's Disease: Beyond the Basics
Authors: Strong Scott A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe strictureplasty operation was originally adopted for use in selected patients with Crohn's disease to allow for bowel conservation. The procedure and its usage have evolved over time as experience and confidence with the technique has grown. The short- and long-term outcomes of strictureplasty compared with resection attest to its safety and durable efficacy.
Novel Therapeutic Approaches of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tyagi Sanjay , Batra Vishal 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an uncommon disease characterized progressive remodeling of pulmonary vasculature. Although treatment for PAH have improved in last two decades but the outcome remains fatal. Currently, the therapies for PAH target three well-established pathways the nitric oxide (NO) pathway, endothelin receptors, and prostanoids. There are multiple potential targets for development of newer drugs in PAH which requires meticulous research and clinical trials.
Determinants of Pain and Predictors of Pain Relief after Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy for Ulnar Impaction Syndrome
Authors: Nuñez Fiesky A. , Marquez-Lara Alejandro , Newman Elizabeth A. , Li Zhongyu , Nuñez Fiesky A. 
Published: July 2019

Background The purpose of this study is to characterize patient- and surgery-specific factors associated with perioperative pain level in patients undergoing ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) for ulnar impaction syndrome (UIS). We hypothesize that preoperative opiate consumption, tobacco utilization, and severity of ulnar variance will be associated with less postoperative pain relief.
Methods All cases of USO between January 2010 and December 2016 for management of UIS were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, smoking status, type of labor, and opioid utilization before surgery were recorded. Radiographic measurements for ulnar variance, radial tilt and inclination, as well as triangular fibrocartilage complex and distal radial-ulnar joint (DRUJ) morphology were assessed. Pre- and postoperative pain score were recorded. Regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of pain scores.
Results A total of 69 patients were included for the final analysis with a mean age of 44 years (range 17–73 years). Seventeen patients reported use of daily opioid medications at the time of surgery (25%). Patients who used opioid analgesics daily, active laborers, smokers, and patients involved in worker compensation claims had significantly less pain relief after surgery. Patients with osteotomy performed at the metaphysis had significantly more pain relief than patients that had diaphyseal osteotomy. Regression analysis identified tobacco utilization and anatomic site of osteotomy as independent predictors of postoperative pain.
Conclusion The results from this study identified smoking and location of osteotomy as independent predictors of postoperative pain relief. While smoking cessation is paramount to prevent delayed/nonunion it may also help improve pain relief following USO. The potential to achieve greater shortening with a metaphyseal osteotomy suggests that in addition to the mechanical unloading the carpus, pain relief after USO may also stem from tensioning the ulnar collateral ligaments of the wrist, the ECU subsheath, and the radioulnar ligaments.
Level of Evidence This is a Level III, therapeutic study.
18.14.6 Phosphorus Analogues of Guanidine (Update 2019)
Authors: Podlech J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 18.14) on the preparation of phosphorus analogues of guanidines, as well on their applications in organic synthesis. It focuses on the literature published in the period 2004–2017.
A variationist approach to tone categorization in Cantonese
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Zhang Yanyong , Xu Daming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study examines tone mergers in Hong Kong Cantonese from the perspective of variationist sociolinguistics. It
approaches the issue of whether Cantonese has six or nine tones by focusing on two ongoing tone mergers: (1) the merger of
yin qu T3 and yang qu T6, and (2) the merger of lower yin ru T8 and
yang ru T9. Speech data from fifty native Cantonese speakers in Hong Kong were collected and analyzed. The
change routes and constraint patterns of the two mergers were compared and found to be similar. The results support the six-tone
system for Hong Kong Cantonese. This study serves as an example of how the variationist approach can be used in phonological
debates.
Uncovering historical semantic connections with the help of image schemata
Authors: Hegedűs Irén , Győri Gábor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStandard etymological dictionaries agree that Modern Englishsome, sameand their Old English cognatesam-‘half’ descend from the same etymon. However, while explaining their phonological development from the same proto-form is unproblematic, their divergent meanings make the reconstruction of their semantic evolution more challenging. The paper examines the historical semantic connection between these three morphemes from a cognitive perspective and attempts to provide an explanation of how they are conceptually linked to each other. Based on a cognitive semantic analysis of the meanings of these forms, we propose that all three concepts are understood on the basis of and embedded in one and the same image schematic domain – comprised by the generalunity/multiplicityschema – and derive from entailments of its subschemata. Such an image schematic account of the conceptual connections between these meanings provides an explanation for the various paths of semantic development from the original etymon leading to the established later meanings. This approach will also facilitate the semantic reconstruction of the ancestral Proto-Indo-European form and help identify the exact cognate relationships betweensome, sameandsam-.
The decline of the Deontic nci construction in Late Modern English
Authors: Noël Dirk 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStarting from a traditional corpus-based investigation of an example of constructional attrition, i.e. of a sustained drop in the frequency of use of a construction in a language’s history, this paper argues that usage data which make abstraction from individual speakers can no more account for this kind of constructional change than they can for constructionalization, the creation of new constructions. A more ‘radically’ usage-based approach to diachronic construction grammar implements the cognitive commitment of this subdiscipline of cognitive linguistics and ultimately explains all constructional change with reference to individual speakers’ grammars. Since no two speakers’ experience-based constructicons are identical, it is hypothesized that, very similar to constructionalization, constructional attrition starts from interpersonal variation and the paper encourages the use of idiolectal historical corpora to find corroboration for this. The case of constructional attrition presented in descriptive detail is that of the English Deontic nciconstruction, which is instantiated by such forms asbe compelled to, be forbidden to, be obliged toandbe permitted to. Previous research established this schema to have grown in frequency and productivity from the 14th until the 18th century and the current paper documents the start of its subsequent decline with data from the Corpus of Late Modern English Texts. It goes on to ask whether a usage-based approach should stop at offering cultural explanations for such developments and proposes a more genuinely cognitive line of explanatory attack.
Death in a multicultural society
Authors: Tay Dennis 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObituaries are a tractable source of metaphorical depictions of death, which in turn offer unique insights into the near-universality versus culture and context-specificity of metaphors. In multicultural settings, they can shed further light on the underexplored question of how metaphor use interacts with linguistic and religious identities. This paper is a case study of newspaper obituaries (N = 337) in the multicultural and multilingual context of Singapore. It uses a mixed-methods approach to uncover the types of death-related metaphors across languages and religions, their near-universal and culture-specific aspects, and significant associations between religion and metaphor use/non-use (χ² (2,N = 337) = 84.54,p < 0.001, Cramer’sV = 0.501, Log (BF10) = 47.14), language and metaphor use/non-use (χ² (1,N = 337) = 71.2,p < 0.001, Cramer’sV = 0.46, Log (BF10) = 42.25), and religion and language of the deceased (χ² (2,N = 337) = 48.11,p < 0.001, Cramer’sV = 0.378, Log (BF10) = 19.7). The findings extend prevailing discussion from the substantive contents of metaphors to the intra-societal pragmatics of their use, connecting metaphor explicitly with the construction of religious and linguistic identities.
Using formulations to manage conflicts in classroom interactions
Authors: Baraldi Claudio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn classroom interactions, facilitation of children’s autonomous choice of acting (agency) may produce conflicts among children. While facilitation does not have the function of managing these conflicts, it shares some types of action with conflict mediation, one of which is formulation. Formulation elaborates the gist of previous utterances and enhances interlocutors’ actions. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of nine transcribed sequences of interaction, included into five different programs of facilitation. The analysis shows that formulations fulfil two different functions. First (function of mediation), they are designed as developments of the gist of children’s utterances, enhancing stories of cooperation. Second (function of facilitation), they are designed as explications of the gist of children’s utterances, without enhancing cooperative stories.
The YSZ,Planck – YSZ,XMM scaling relation and its difference between cool-core and non-cool-core clusters
Authors: Zhu Yue , Wang Yuan-Hao , Zhao Hai-Hui , Jia Shu-Mei , Li Cheng-Kui , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We construct a sample of 70 clusters using data from XMM-Newton and Planck to investigate the Y
SZ,Planck
– Y
SZ,XMM
scaling relation and the cool-core influences on this relation. Y
SZ,XMM
is calculated by accurately de-projected temperature and electron number density profiles derived from XMM-Newton. Y
SZ,Planck
is the latest Planck data restricted to our precise X-ray cluster size θ
500. To study the cool-core influences on the Y
SZ,Planck
– Y
SZ,XMM
scaling relation, we apply two criteria, namely the limits of central cooling time and classic mass deposition rate, to distinguish cool-core clusters (CCCs) from non-cool-core clusters (NCCCs). We also use Y
SZ,Planck
from other papers, which are derived from different methods, to confirm our results. The intercept and slope of the Y
SZ,Planck
– Y
SZ,XMM
scaling relation are A = –0.86 ± 0.30 and B = 0.83 ± 0.06 respectively. The intrinsic scatter is σ
ins = 0.14 ± 0.03. The ratio of Y
SZ,Planck
/Y
SZ,XMM
is 1.03 ± 0.05, which is in excellent statistical agreement with unity. Discrepancies in the Y
SZ,Planck
– Y
SZ,XMM
scaling relation between CCCs and NCCCs are found in the observation. They are independent of the cool-core classification criteria and Y
SZ,Planck
calculation methods, although the discrepancies are more significant under the classification criteria of classic mass deposition rate. The intrinsic scatter of CCCs (0.04) is quite small compared to that of NCCCs (0.27). The ratio of Y
SZ,Planck
/Y
SZ,XMM
for CCCs is 0.89 ± 0.05, suggesting that CCCs’ Y
SZ,XMM
may overestimate the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) signal. By contrast, the ratio of Y
SZ,Planck
/Y
SZ,XMM
for NCCCs is 1.14 ± 0.12, which indicates that NCCCs’ Y
SZ,XMM
may underestimate the SZ signal.
Observation data pre-processing and scientific data products generation of POLAR
Authors: Li Zheng-Heng , Sun Jian-Chao , Song Li-Ming , Wu Bo-Bing , Li Lu , Wen Xing , Xiao Hua-Lin , Xiong Shao-Lin , Zhang Lai-Yu , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Zhang Yong-Jie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
POLAR is a compact space-borne detector initially designed to measure the polarization of hard X-rays emitted from Gamma-Ray Bursts in the energy range 50–500 keV. This instrument was launched successfully onboard the Chinese space laboratory Tiangong-2 (TG-2) on 2016 September 15. After being switched on a few days later, tens of gigabytes of raw detection data were produced in-orbit by POLAR and transferred to the ground every day. Before the launch date, a full pipeline and related software were designed and developed for the purpose of quickly pre-processing all the raw data from POLAR, which include both science data and engineering data, then to generate the high level scientific data products that are suitable for later science analysis. This pipeline has been successfully applied for use by the POLAR Science Data Center in the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) after POLAR was launched and switched on. A detailed introduction to the pipeline and some of the core relevant algorithms are presented in this paper.
The distance measurements of supernova remnants in the fourth Galactic quadrant
Authors: Shan Su-Su , Zhu Hui , Tian Wen-Wu , Zhang Hai-Yan , Yang Ai-Yuan , Zhang Meng-Fei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe take advantage of red clump stars to build the relation of the optical extinction (AV) and distance in each direction of supernova remnants (SNRs) with known extinction in the fourth Galactic quadrant. The distances of nine SNRs are determined well by this method. Their uncertainties range from 10% to 30%, which are significantly improved for eight SNRs, G279.0+1.1, G284.3–1.8, G296.1–0.5, G299.2–2.9, G308.4–1.4, G309.2–0.6, G309.8–2.6 and G332.4–0.4. In addition, SNR G284.3–1.8 with the new distance of 5.5 kpc is not likely associated with the PSR J1016–5857 at 3 kpc.
Photometric investigation and orbital period analyses of the WUMa binaries FP Lyn, FV CVn and V354 UMa
Authors: Michel Raul , Xia Qi-Qi , Higuera Jesus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNew light curves and photometric solutions of FP Lyn, FV CVn and V354 UMa are presented. We found that these three systems are W-subtype shallow contact binaries. In addition, it is obvious that the light curves of FP Lyn and V354 UMa are asymmetric. Therefore, a hot spot was added on the primary star of FP Lyn and a dark spot was added on the secondary star of V354 UMa. At the same time, we added a third light to the photometric solution of FP Lyn for the final result. The obtained mass ratios and fill-out factors areq= 1.153 andf= 13.4% for FP Lyn,q= 1.075 andf= 4.6% for FV CVn, andq= 3.623 andf= 10.7% for V354 UMa respectively. The investigations of orbital period for these three systems indicate that the periods are variable. FP Lyn and V354 UMa were discovered to have secularly increasing components with rates ofdp/dt= 4.19 × 10−7d yr−1anddp/dt= 7.70 × 10−7d yr−1respectively, which are feasibly caused by conservative mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive component. In addition, some variable components were discovered for FV CVn, including a rate ofdp/dt= −1.13 × 10−6d yr−1accompanied by a cyclic oscillation with amplitude and period of 0.0069 d and 10.65 yr respectively. The most likely explanation for the long-term decrease is angular momentum loss. The existence of an additional star is the most plausible explanation for the periodic variation.
A Correction Algorithm of QR Code on Cylindrical Surface
Authors: Li Kejing , Meng Fanwu , Huang Zhipeng , Wang Qi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
When capturing a QR code on a cylinder, there may be geometric distortions due to the angle of the camera and the cylindrical deformation, which makes the QR code difficult to recognize. To solve this problem, a correction algorithm for QR codes is proposed in this paper. First, the boundary of the QR code on the cylinder is extracted by a morphological algorithm and geometry calculations. Then, the feature points on the image are accurately located. Next, the standard size of the QR code is determined by using the cross-ratio method in descriptive geometry. Finally, the image is corrected by perspective projection. It is proven that the algorithm can correct the distortion of the cylinder image effectively, and it has the ability to properly identify cylindrical QR codes.
Research on Multi-fault-tolerant MDS Array Erasure code
Authors: Yuan Wei , Yu Ying , Gao Yan , Tang Dan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The array code has the advantages of high computational efficiency and simple structure. And the erasure code strategy based on the array code is one of the ideal fault-tolerant methods for distributed storage systems. However, low fault tolerance has always been a major obstacle to the practicality of array code. According to the known literature, the fault-tolerance of MDS array code is no more than three. And the array code with the biggest fault tolerance is the Grid code. Its fault tolerance is usually only 15. In view of this situation, this paper proposes a kind of multi-fault-tolerant MDS array code, called Reed-Solomon Array (RA). The RA code has higher coding efficiency, whose encoding process and decoding process only involve binary XOR operations. What is more, the construction method is simple and easy to be implemented by software and hardware. And then the RA code is a MDS code with optimal storage efficiency. Finally the size of the storage array of the RA code is not strictly limited. The extensibility of the distributed storage system is met.
Subcarrier interpolation and DFT channel estimation in ultra-wideband systems
Authors: Wan Xing , Huang Min , Luo Wanbo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Channel estimation algorithm is one of the key research directions in UWB systems. For the ECMA368 standard, there is a wave interference problem in channel estimation. This paper constructs a low-order ZP-OFDM-FAST model for improving channel estimation performance. The interpolation problem of virtual zero subcarriers is studied, and the interpolation DFT channel estimation method is proposed. Finally, a method of frequency domain instantaneous filtering is given.
Research on adaptive fractal image compression algorithm based on flexible classification technology
Authors: Jian Ning Han 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a flexible classification technique for accelerating image matching and improving coding quality, using a fast adaptive fractal image compression method with four fork tree as image division and flexible classification technology, which is a kind of pre-segmentation of images. With using the self-similarity of each part of the image, the fractal encoding is carried out. In order to reduce the encoding time to dozens of seconds, it eliminate the block effect and realize the fast fractal coding of color image, so as to speed up the encoding speed and further improve the image comprehensive performance of compression ratio and signal-to-noise ratio/encoding time.
Bayesian acoustic impedance inversion with gamma distribution
Authors: Wu Hao , Li Shu , Chen Yingpin , Peng Zhenming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBayesian model is popular in seismic acoustic impedance inversion because of the statistical information from Bayesian model. However, there are many distributions to simulate impedance distribution. Different distribution has different result. In this paper, the Gamma distribution is used as the prior distribution. A Bayesian impedance inversion method is proposed, under the assumption that the prior distribution is a Gamma distribution. Through the test from the field and model data, this method is feasible and this model based on Gamma distribution has a result with tall resolution.