bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Tailoring of In2Se3 Toward van der Waals Vertical Heterostructures via Selenization of γ‐InSe Semiconductor
Authors: Liu Beituo , Ge Rui , Yue Fangyu , Zheng Yufan , Sui Fengrui , Yu Yilun , Huang Rong , Qi Ruijuan , Duan Chungang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe polymorphic nature of In2Se3 leads to excellent phase‐dependent physical properties including ferroelectricity, photoelectricity, and especially the intriguing phase change ability, making the precise phase modulation of In2Se3 of fundamental importance but very challenging. Here, the growth of In2Se3 with desired‐phase is realized by temperature‐controlled selenization of van der Waals (vdW) layered bulk γ‐InSe. Detailed results of Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and state‐of‐the‐art spherical aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscopy (Cs‐TEM) clearly and consistently show that β‐In2Se3, 3R α‐In2Se3, and 2H α‐In2Se3 can be perfectly obtained at ≈270, ≈300, and ≈600 °C, respectively. Further comprehensive atomic imaging analyses confirm that the seeding material, InSe, plays a critical role in the low‐temperature epitaxial growth of vdW‐layered In2Se3, and, more interestingly, β‐In2Se3 acts as an intermediate phase between 3R and 2H α‐In2Se3 transitions. This investigation not only provides a simple yet versatile strategy for the phase modulation of In2Se3, but also sheds light on the temperature‐dependent phase evolution of In2Se3.
Characterization of the Dynamic Flow Response in Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Elgack Mohammed E. , Abdelgawad Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to characterize the dynamic response of fluid flow in microchannels, which can show significant delay times before reaching steady flow conditions. Two main sources of these delays are numerically and experimentally investigated, the hydraulic compliance which originates from the flexibility of the system components (microchannel, tubing, syringe, etc.), and the compressibility of the liquid dead volume in the setup, also known as the “bottleneck effect”. A fluid‐structure interaction model is presented for the compliance of rectangular PDMS microchannels that is used to form a numerically based relation for the compliance as a function of the pressure and geometry. This relation is successfully able to predict the dynamics of the flow inside PDMS microchannels in stop‐flow experiments. The time delays associated with the bottleneck effect is also shown when using different syringe volumes, microchannel resistances, and liquid types. In these tests, the bottleneck effect has a much larger effect compared to the compliance of the PDMS microchannels. This is true even when using softer PDMS by increasing the monomer‐to‐curing agent mixing ratio. The characterization that is presented here allows for a simple analysis of microfluidic networks using the hydraulic‐circuit approach.
Collective Agents as Moral Actors
Authors: Hormio Säde 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHow should we make sense of praise and blame and other such reactions towards collective agents like governments, universities, or corporations? My argument is that collective agents do not have to qualify as moral agents for us to make sense of their responsibility. Collective agents can be appropriate targets for our moral feelings and judgements because they can maintain and express moral positions of their own. Moral agency requires being capable of recognizing moral considerations and reasons. It also necessitates the ability to react reflexively to moral matters, i.e., to take into account new moral concerns when they arise. While members of a collective agent are capable of this, the collective frames the thinking of the individual moral agents within it and affects their options in myriad ways. The moral positions thus formed and expressed belong to the collective. Crucially, unlike marginal moral agents, collective agents as moral actors can be held fully responsible for their acts and omissions.
Healthy Climatic Adaption and Climate Change
Authors: Stewart Simon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHaving described and explored the global to individual context of climate change and health, this chapter now explores the biological imperative of any organism to maintain homeostasis. As a key function of this imperative, in humans, the cardiovascular system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis. Over time we (humans) have overcome many of the biological limitations/constraints of these protective mechanisms through a combination of behavioural, cultural and technological adaptations—thereby allowing us to migrate and thrive in nearly every corner of the world. Within this biological to historical context, rapid climate change (through exposure to more weather extremes) is now challenging the limits of our ability to maintain homeostasis. How the opposing forces of human adaptability, maintaining thermoregulation and increasing climatic provocations to health plays out in vulnerable individuals and communities (from those living in poverty to older individuals living with chronic heart disease) will provide important context to later chapters.
Future Proofing Our Hearts to Climate Change
Authors: Stewart Simon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the last chapter, the embryonic evidence (essentially derived from one, relatively positive, COVID-19 cruelled randomised trial) in respect to the possibility of restoring/promoting resilience in people hospitalised with multimorbid heart disease was presented. However, prevention is always better than cure! Thus, just as the ‘interconnectedness’ of the different spheres that comprise our planet was highlighted in terms of the impact of pollution earlier in this book and considering the tenant of the UNSDGs, it is critical for us to proactively address climate vulnerability from multiple perspectives. Specifically, at multiple levels, there is urgent need for the world/us to—(1) Recognise the pre-existing to evolving threat (due to climate change) of climatic provocations to heart health, (2) Develop a more systematic approach to recognising which regions and communities are most ‘vulnerable’ to climatic challenges (from multiple perspectives), (3) Implement a range of public health measures from raising public awareness to implementing broad public health strategies to promote and enhance climatic resilience at the population level, and, beyond the need to reframe the clinical management of people hospitalised for heart disease, to reduce their risk of readmissions and premature mortality due to pre-existing vulnerability to climate provocations—(4) Strengthen primary care health care teams/services to proactively detect and then manage at risk/vulnerable individuals before they are hospitalised and/or die prematurely due to climatic provocations to their cardiovascular health. Such primary care capacity would also ensure the optimal, post-discharge management of those hospitalised with heart disease from this novel perspective. Bringing all the current evidence in this regard together, this chapter provides a critical review of the progress made thus far around these four key points.
3-2-3 Multi-AI Segmentation Framework: LoD-Based, Incremental Segmentation of 3D Scan Data Using Any 2D AI
Authors: Solheiro Hermenegildo , Kent Lee , Toyoda Keisuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the age of spatial computing, computer vision is central, and efficient segmentation of 3D scan data becomes a fundamental task. Existing segmentation methods are often locked to specific AI models, lack level-of-detail (LoD) capabilities, and do not support efficient incremental segmentation. These limitations hinder their application to XR systems that integrate architectural and urban scales, which demand both at scale and detailed, up-to-date segmentation information, while leveraging limited local hardware in distributed computing environments.In this work, we present a novel framework that integrates multiple 2D AI through AI-agnostic 3D geometry feature fusion, ensuring spatial consistency while taking advantage of the rapid advancements in 2D AI models. Our framework performs LoD segmentation, enabling swift segmentation of downsampled geometry and full detail on needed segments. Additionally, it progressively builds a segmentation database, processing only newly added data, thereby avoiding point cloud reprocessing, a common limitation in previous methods.In our use case, our framework analyzed a public building based on three scans: a drone LiDAR capture of the exterior, a static LiDAR capture of a room, and a user-held RGB-D camera capture of a section of the room. Our approach provided a fast understanding of building volumes, room elements, and a fully detailed geometry of a requested object, a “panel with good lighting and a view to a nearby building”, to implement an XR activity.Our preliminary results are promising for applications in other urban and architectural contexts and point to further developments in our Geometric Data Inference AI as a cornerstone for deeper, more accurate Multi-AI integration.
Außerschulisches Lernen im Kontext Politischer Bildung
Authors: Jansen Annegret 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDem außerschulischen Lernen wird als Lernform ein vielfältiges Potenzial zur Anregung von Bildungsprozessen zugeschrieben. In diesem Kapitel wird der Forschungsstand zum außerschulischen Lernen dargelegt. In einem ersten Schritt werden die Diskurse um eine Öffnung der Schule und eine Öffnung des Unterrichts in einen Entwicklungsprozess von Schule eingeordnet, um die Bedeutung des außerschulischen Lernens vor dem Hintergrund der Sozialisationsfunktion von Schule sowie der Relevanz fächerübergreifender Lernfelder wie die Politische Bildung und Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung herauszustellen.
Interviewstudie ex post zur Analyse politischer Reflexions- und Sinnbildungsprozesse
Authors: Jansen Annegret 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungMit dem Unterrichtsprojekt wurde das Ziel verfolgt, die Perspektivität und Kontroversität gesellschaftlicher Problemstellungen einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung am Beispiel des Transformationsfeldes Landwirtschaft und Ernährung didaktisch aufzubereiten und durch außerschulische Begegnungen mit regionalen Akteur*innen erfahrbar zu machen. Die empirische Untersuchung im Rahmen der Interventionsstudie hat ergeben, dass durch das Unterrichtsprojekt als didaktische Intervention eine Politisierung der Thematik angebahnt werden konnte. Zeigte sich in einem Großteil der Schüler*innenäußerungen vor dem Unterrichtsprojekt die Vorstellung eines regelrecht natürlichen Strukturwandlungsprozesses, der mit ökologischen Nachteilen verbunden ist, ergaben die Befragungen unmittelbar nach dem Unterrichtsprojekt eine Ausdifferenzierung der Vorstellungen zum Konfliktfeld Landwirtschaft und Ernährung unter vermehrter Berücksichtigung politischer Kategorien (Akteur*innen, Handlungsfolgen, ökonomischer Zusammenhang etc.).Das Ziel ﻿der Interviewstudie ist es, das spezifische Anregungspotenzial der kontroversen außerschulischen Begegnungen für die politische Urteilsbildung ex post zu explorieren. Aufgrund dessen werden Reflexions- und Sinnbildungsprozesse sechs Wochen nach dem Unterrichtsprojekt erhoben. Somit ergänzt die Interviewstudie die Gesamtstudie nun um Erkenntnisse über das außerschulische Lernen im schulischen Fachunterricht. Wie in Abschnitt 4.5 herausgearbeitet, wird dem außerschulischen Lernen aufgrund der genuinen Mehrperspektivität der außerschulischen Erfahrung ein besonderes Potenzial zur Förderung der politischen Urteilsfähigkeit zugesprochen (Juchler, 2022). Dies steht in einer Diskrepanz zum Theorie- und Empiriedefizit, weshalb explorative Untersuchungen von Verstehensprozessen von Schüler*innen angezeigt sind (Moritz, 2016; siehe Abschn. 4.6).
Gesamtdiskussion
Authors: Jansen Annegret 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Gesamtdiskussion dient dazu, eine Zusammenfassung der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit zu geben und dabei im Besonderen den Fokus auf die Rückbindung an die theoretischen Bezüge der Arbeit mit Blick auf die empirischen Erkenntnisse der Studien vorzunehmen. Es werden eine Synthese der verschiedenen Studienergebnisse aus Studie I und II angestrebt (9.1) und die forschungsmethodischen Limitationen (9.2) diskutiert.
Rio 2016: Case Study for Mega Events, Urban Mobility, and Flow of People
Authors: Silva Simone , Torres Jacqueline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMega events require alignment between the event organizers and several agencies. This collaboration is crucial in serving the needs of spectators and minimizing the impacts to residents. Critical to mega events is the integration of the public transport system, pedestrian infrastructure, and roadway space. The Rio 2016 Games relied heavily on public transport. The city constructed a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) network, consisting of three corridors, built one Light Rail Transit (LRT) line, and expanded the metro, connecting all four sporting clusters and closing major transport gaps. Part of these gaps involved adequate pedestrian infrastructure, an essential “last-mile” linkage critical to passenger flow. Extrapolated demand during mega events requires special considerations when planning for pedestrian infrastructure. Management of roadway space by ensuring vehicular throughput and avoiding roadway paralysis is also vital in the movement of people and services. During mega events, the City Operations Center is responsible for mitigating potential roadway failure across the entire region. Successfully integrating these components is part of the Rio 2016 legacy and has been utilized in other mega events. The Integrated Urban Mobility Center (IUMC) was created to holistically integrate urban mobility. In coordination with public transport and various city agencies, the IUMC was able to oversee public transport and roadways while activating necessary contingency plans and emergency responses.
Is Moral Advice from Artificial Intelligence Artificial?
Authors: Melgaard Nicholas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe point of the chapter is to draw attention to and comment on the way analytic philosophy has converged with technology and policy and discuss some of the questions of responsibility in the development of this technology. There have also been attempts to use language AI to enable machines to make moral judgments and equip technology to be moral on our behalf. I wish to challenge this stated intention to “close the gap from human-level performance” and challenge on a conceptual level whether machines can make “correct” moral judgments. The assumption that language models can or ought to be qualified alongside human moral agents is dangerous. Whether or not machines will be making better or worse decisions is not the point; there is something inherently immoral about outsourcing moral decision-making in the first place. No answer generated by a machine would be acceptable to human beings, if only due to the fact that it was generated by a machine. I conclude by suggesting certain considerations for issues of responsibility in language technology and ultimately stress the importance of what AI technology cannot do as a practical and morally coherent position.
Introduction
Authors: Pineda José Ernesto Mancera , Osorio Andrés F. , Toro Cesar , Velásquez-Calderón Carolina Sofía 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiosphere reserves have particular, unique importance as places to study, learn, and replicate forms of disciplinary mitigation and adaptation. In the context of the worsening climate crisis, this is especially true of island and coastal biosphere reserves that disproportionately face the adverse impacts of climate change. Considering issues like biodiversity conservation, cultural diversity, and socio-culturally and environmentally sustainable economic development, biosphere reserves serve as ideal places for interdisciplinary research and to design and implement mitigation and adaptation strategies developed from and for local contexts and communities. This interdisciplinary book emphasizes the unification of the results of cutting-edge technical research with the local knowledge, struggles, and experiences of the Raizal people of the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina. Combining insights from different disciplines offers insights into how best to prepare for and respond to future extreme weather events, and key inputs for decision-making by both public sector actors in the archipelago and Colombia, and any stakeholder interested in these processes. Innovative methodologies and precise, up-to-date scientific data are crucial for effective policy-making. Hence, this book includes important results including maps, models, and ecosystem-based reconstruction methodologies focused on mangroves and coral reefs, among others.
Rapid Remote Sensing Assessment of Impacts from Hurricane Iota on the Coral Reef Geomorphic Zonation in Providencia
Authors: Hernández-Hamón Hernando , Zapata-Ramírez Paula A. , Vásquez Rafael E. , Zuluaga Carlos A. , Mejía Juan David Santana , Cano Marcela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study assesses Hurricane Iota’s impact on Providencia island’s reef environments, using Google Earth Engine, Satellite Derived Bathymetry, and machine learning to calculate a supervised classification process to delineate six geomorphic reef units. Results reveal dynamic changes, including erosion in the Lagoon unit (4.47% pre-Iota, 2.27% post-Iota), loss on the Back Reef (38.14%), and Rock Terrace (6.15%). Reef Ridge showed minimal change, acting as an effective wave barrier. Back Reef and the deep Rock Terrace experienced significant erosion (−3 to −14 m) to the northeast, with sedimentary dynamics observed in deeper units (up to 22 m). The high thematic accuracies found (Kappa 99%) illustrate the effectiveness of the assessment to (i) map the reef rapidly, (ii) provide tools for long-term monitoring of changes over time and (iii) improve management strategies and decision-making.
Ciguatera in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve: Projecting the Approach on HABs to Assess and Mitigate Their Impacts on Public Health, Fisheries and Tourism
Authors: Mancera Pineda José Ernesto , Gavio Brigitte , Santos-Martínez Adriana , Arencibia Carballo Gustavo , Prato Julián 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMicroalgae constitute the basis of marine food webs. However, the massive growth of some species and the toxicity of others may represent a serious threat to human health, fisheries, mariculture, and tourism. Evidence shows that global warming, climate change, nutrients, and sewage discharge favor microalgal blooms, which are becoming more frequent, intense, and lasting. In the Caribbean Sea, ciguatera poisoning, one of the syndromes caused by toxic dinoflagellates, has increased its incidence in the past three decades. Despite the potential risks, there is no management plan for this and other harmful algal blooms (HABs) in San Andres island, Colombia. We analyze the presence of toxic dinoflagellates along with the incidence of ciguatera in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve (SBR). Considering that effective climate change adaptation and mitigation decisions are based on relationships between science and society, involving a wide variety of analytical methods to evaluate associated risks and benefits, we propose to evaluate the potential effects of HABs, focusing on the economic value of their impacts on fishing and tourism. We propose an early warning system conceptual model, based on a monitoring program, as a strategy to contribute to the governance and the management effectiveness of the different institutions of the SBR.
Marine Ecosystem Services for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve: Coastal Protection and Fish Biodiversity Refuge at Caribbean Insular Territories
Authors: Prato Julián , Santos-Martínez Adriana , Cupul-Magaña Amílcar Leví , Castaño Diana , Pineda José Ernesto Mancera , Medina Jairo , Hudson Arnold , Mejía-Rentería Juan C. , Velásquez-Calderòn Carolina Sofia , Márquez Germán , Morales-de-Anda Diana , Wolff Matthias , Schuhmann Peter W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInsular and coastal territories like those in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve are exposed to strong winds, waves, storms, and hurricanes. In November 2020, Hurricanes Eta and Iota provided a costly reminder of the risks facing Seaflower’s people and ecosystems. Coral reefs and mangroves are natural shields, reducing wind and wave strength during normal and extreme conditions. These coastal protection ecosystem services (ES) are vital for human safety and well-being, and become more important given the heightened vulnerability of low-lying insular islands to climate change impacts. These ecosystems also provide biodiversity refuge ES for fishes and shellfish, key for food security and resilience to global challenges like hurricanes, sea level rise, and global warming. Despite their importance, these valuable ecosystems are threatened by anthropogenic pressures, jeopardizing the survival and well-being of islanders; their restoration and recovery require improved management and decision-making, and heightened societal awareness of our dependence on marine ecosystems and their potential as climate change adaptation solutions. We identify ES provided by coral reefs and mangroves, interdisciplinary management tools, and recommendations to motivate society and decision-makers to expand efforts for the protection, restoration, and use of these ecosystems as Nature-based Solutions for climate change adaptation and mitigation in Seaflower.
Coclosed $$G_2$$-structures on $$\text {SU}(2)^2$$-invariant cohomogeneity one manifolds
Authors: Alonso Izar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We consider two different

$$\text {SU}(2)^2$$

SU

(
2
)

2

-invariant cohomogeneity one manifolds, one non-compact

$$M=\mathbb {R}^4 \times S^3$$

M
=

R

4

×

S
3

and one compact

$$M=S^4 \times S^3$$

M
=

S
4

×

S
3

, and study the existence of coclosed

$$\text {SU}(2)^2$$

SU

(
2
)

2

-invariant

$$G_2$$

G
2

-structures constructed from half-flat

$$\text {SU}(3)$$

SU
(
3
)

-structures. For

$$\mathbb {R}^4 \times S^3$$

R

4

×

S
3

, we prove the existence of a family of coclosed (but not necessarily torsion-free)

$$G_2$$

G
2

-structures which is given by three smooth functions satisfying certain boundary conditions around the singular orbit and a non-zero parameter. Moreover, any coclosed

$$G_2$$

G
2

-structure constructed from a half-flat

$$\text {SU}(3)$$

SU
(
3
)

-structure is in this family. For

$$S^4 \times S^3$$

S
4

×

S
3

, we prove that there are no

$$\text {SU}(2)^2$$

SU

(
2
)

2

-invariant coclosed

$$G_2$$

G
2

-structures constructed from half-flat

$$\text {SU}(3)$$

SU
(
3
)

-structures.