bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Case-based blended-learning expedite the transfer of declarative knowledge to procedural knowledge in practice?
Authors: Turk Bela Rui , Ertl Sebastian , Wong Guoruey , Wadowski Patricia P , Loeffler-Stastka Henriette 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Case-Based Learning (CBL) has seen widespread implementation in undergraduate education since the early 1920s. Ample data has shown CBL to be an enjoyable and motivational didactic tool, and effective in assisting the expansion of declarative and procedural knowledge in academia. Although a plethora of studies apply multiple choice questions (MCQs) in their investigation, few studies measure CBL or case-based blended learning (CBBL)-mediated changes in students’ procedural knowledge in practice or employ comparison or control groups in isolating causal relationships. Methods Utilizing the flexibilities of an e-learning platform, a CBBL framework consisting of a) anonymized patient cases, b) case-related textbook material and online e-CBL modules, and c) simulated patient (SP) contact seminars, was developed and implemented in multiple medical fields for undergraduate medical education. Additionally, other fields saw a solo implementation of e-CBL in the same format. E- cases were constructed according to the criteria of Bloom’s taxonomy. In this study, Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) results from (n=619) medical students in 2013 before CBBL implementation, and after CBBL implementation in 2015 (n=624) and 2016 (n=643) were analyzed. Results A significant improvement (adjusted p=.002) of the mean OSCE score by 1.02 points was seen between 2013 and 2015 (min=0, max=25). Conclusion E-Case-Based Learning is an effective tool in increasing student satisfaction, improving performance outcomes and may provide a sustainable learning platform for many fields of medicine in future.
Decreasing postoperative cognitive deficits after heart surgery: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial on cognitive training
Authors: Butz Marius , El-Shazly Jasmin , Sammer Gebhard , Tschernatsch Marlene , Kastaun Sabrina , Yenigün Mesut , Braun Tobias , Kaps Manfred , Böning Andreas , Puvogel Ulrike , Bachmann Georg , Mengden Thomas , Schönburg Markus , Gerriets Tibo , Juenemann Martin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The occurrence of postoperative cognitive deficits, especially after heart surgery, has been demonstrated in several studies. These deficits can clearly be noticed by the patients as well as by their close relatives in daily life. Furthermore, postoperative cognitive deficits can decrease quality of life in social functioning and earning capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether early postoperative cognitive training can reduce subjective and objective postoperative cognitive deficits Methods The proposed study is a multicenter, 2-arm randomized controlled trial involving 144 elderly patients undergoing elective heart valve surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Patients will be assigned to either a training group or a control group. The intervention involves a paper-and-pencil-based cognitive training, which is conducted for 36 minutes over a period of 18 days. The training starts about 1 week after surgery and is carried out during the hospitalized rehabilitation phase. The control group will not receive a cognitive training or a placebo intervention. A detailed assessment of psychological functions and health-related quality of life prior to surgery at discharge from rehabilitation and 3 and 12 months after discharge will be performed. The Primary outcome of this trial is the training effect on objective cognitive functions at discharge from rehabilitation. Secondary outcomes are the training effect on objective and subjective cognitive functions (3 and 12 months after discharge), depression, health-related quality of life, and the impact of perioperative cerebral ischemia on the training effect. Perioperative cerebral ischemia will be measured with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted sequences. Discussion Should it be shown that our cognitive training can improve postoperative cognitive deficits as well as quality of life, one possibility could be to integrate this intervention into early rehabilitation. Furthermore, we hope that the investigation of perioperative ischemia by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging will improve our understanding of neurobiological factors influencing the course of postoperative cognitive plasticity.
Statistical analysis plan for the 5- and 10-year follow-up assessments of the FIDELITY trial
Authors: Sihvonen Raine , Kalske Roope , Englund Martin , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Toivonen Pirjo , Taimela Simo , Järvinen Teppo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The research objectives of the 5- and 10-year assessments of the Finnish Degenerative Meniscal Lesion Study (FIDELITY) are two-fold: 1) to assess the long-term efficacy of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) in adult (age 35 to 65 years) patients with a degenerative meniscus tear, and 2) to determine the respective effects of APM and degenerative meniscus tear on the development of radiographic and clinical knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods and Design: FDELITY is an ongoing multi-centre, randomized, participant and outcome assessor blinded, placebo-surgery controlled trial of 146 patients. This statistical analysis plan (SAP) article describes the overall principles for analysis of long-term outcomes (5- and 10-year follow-ups), including how participants will be included in each analysis, the primary and secondary outcomes and their respective analyses, adjustments for covariates, and the presentation of the results. In addition, we will present the planned sensitivity and subgroup analyses.
Discussion: To study whether APM (resection of torn meniscus tear) per se accelerates or delays the development of knee osteoarthritis in patients with an arthroscopically-verified degenerative tear of the medial meniscus, we are carrying out pre-registered long-term (5- and 10-year) follow-up of our placebo-surgery controlled FIDELITY trial according to statistical principles outlined in detail in this document. We have also outlined the analyses intended to assess our second primary objective, the long-term efficacy of APM on knee symptoms and function.
Can selenium deficiency in Malawi be alleviated through consumption of agro-biofortified maize flour? Study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Joy Edward , Kalimbira Alexander , Gashu Dawd , Ferguson Elaine , Sturgess Joanna , Dangour Alan , Banda Leonard , Chiutsi-Phiri Gabriella , Bailey Elizabeth , Langley-Evans Simon , Lark Murray , Millar Kate , Young Scott , Matandika Limbanazo , Mfutso-Bengo Joseph , Phuka John , Phiri Felix , Gondwe Jellita , Ander Louise , Lowe Nicola , Nalivata Patson , Broadley Martin , Allen Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Micronutrient deficiencies including selenium (Se) are widespread in Malawi and potentially underlie a substantial disease burden, particularly among poorer and marginalised populations. Concentrations of Se in staple cereal crops can be increased through application of Se fertilisers – a process known as agronomic (agro-) biofortification – and this may contribute to alleviating deficiencies. The Addressing Hidden Hunger with Agronomy (AHHA) trial aims to establish the efficacy of this approach for improving Se status in rural Malawi.
Methods
A double-blind, randomised, controlled trial will be conducted in a rural community in Kasungu District, Central Region, Malawi. The hypothesis is that consumption of maize flour agro-biofortified with Se will increase serum Se concentration. We will recruit 180 women of reproductive age (WRA; 20–45 years) and 180 school-aged children (SAC; 5–10 years) randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either maize flour enriched through agro-biofortification with Se or a control flour not enriched with Se. Households will receive flour (330 g capita -1 day -1 ) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is Se concentration in serum (µg L -1 ). Serum will be extracted from venous blood samples drawn at baseline (prior to flour distribution) and end-line. Selenium concentration will be measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS).
Discussion
Findings will be communicated to policy stakeholders and participating communities and reported in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration
The Addressing Hidden Hunger with Agronomy (Malawi) trial is registered (March 2019; ISCRTN85899451).
Magnitude and factors associated with diabetic complication among diabetic patients attending Gurage Zone hospitals, South West Ethiopia.
Authors: Gebre Bereket Beyene , Assefa Zebene Mekonnen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective

To assess the magnitude of diabetic complication and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients attending in Gurage zone hospitals.Results

According to this study the magnitude of diabetic complication among diabetic patients were 61% and the marital status; divorced [AOR: 0.252(0.11, 0.59); p=0.002], poor glycemic control [AOR: 1.88(1.04, 3.39); p=0.036], Body Mass Index >25 [AOR: 4.42(1.32, 14.86); p=0.016] and duration of illness > 6years [AOR:1.79 (1.02, 3.17) ; p=0.044] and 10years [AOR: 4.68(2.07, 10.61); p=<0.001] were significantly associated with diabetic complication.Key terms

Diabetic complications, magnitude, associated factor
Relationship between aspirin use of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer patient survival: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Juli , Lin Jian-xian , Zheng Chao-hui , Li Ping , Xie Jian-wei , Wang Jia-bin , Lu Jun , Chen Qi-yue , Cao Long-Long , Lin Mi , Huang Chang-ming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Many studies have found that use of aspirin can lengthen survival of gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the survival benefit of aspirin use compared with non- aspirin use for patients with esophageal, gastric or colorectal cancer. Methods: We search online databases, including PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase and www.clinicaltrials.gov before Feb 1th, 2019 to identify all relevant studies. The overall survival and cancer specific survival of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer in aspirin users compared with non-aspirin users. Data extraction and evaluation of studies’ quality were conducted independently by 2 investigators. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled risk ratios (RRs) for overall survival and cancer specific survival using either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model. Results: 17 studies were finally included in this meta-analysis, comprising more than 71,534 patients. There is no significant differences between post-diagnosis aspirin use and overall survival for esophageal and gastric cancer. The overall survival and cancer specific survival for colorectal cancer benefit associated with post-diagnosis aspirin use represented ［HR= 0.82, 95%CI(0.72, 0.94)］ and［HR= 0.70, 95%CI(0.57, 0.86)］. Overall survival and cancer specific survival for colorectal cancer did not benefit associated with aspirin use pre-diagnosis. The overall survival and cancer specific survival for colorectal cancer benefit associated with both pre and post-diagnosis aspirin use represented［HR=0.75，95%CI(0.61, 0.92)］and［HR=0.78, 95%CI(0.73, 0.85)］. Besides, the survival benefit of post-diagnosis aspirin use appeared to be confined to those patients with mutated PIK3CA tumors［HR= 0.78, 95%CI(0.50, 0.99)］and with positive PTGS2 (COX-2) expression［HR= 0.75, 95%CI(0.43, 1.30)］. Conclusions: These findings provide further indication that post-diagnosis aspirin therapy improved overall survival and cancer specific survival of colorectal cancer, especially for patients with positive PTGS2 (COX-2) expression and mutated PIK3CA tumors. However, it don’t improve overall survival of esophageal and gastric cancer and the meta-analysis is limited mainly to retrospective studies.
Moleculare detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu county, China
Authors: Tang Tiancai , Liu Chengcheng , Yang Aiguo , Yuan Dongbo , Guo Li , Hou Wei , Mo Xi , Yin Jie , Hao Lili 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Bartonella bacteria have been associated with an increasingly wide range of human and animal diseases and were also recognized to be globally dispersed as emergent pathogens. Ticks and small rodents are known vectors of human and animal bartonellosis and play important roles in maintenance and circulation of bartonellae in nature. In China, Shiqu county is located on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and about 26 thousands square kilometers with an average altitude of above 4,200 meters and vast area of pastureland. In present study, the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in ticks and plateau pika was firstly investigated in Shiqu county.Results A total of 818 ticks ( Dermacentor everestianus , 79.0%, 646/818; Haemphysalis qinghaiensis , 21.0%, 172/818), were collected in 4 villages in Shiqu county. Only Bartonella melophagi was detected in tick samples with a total prevalence of 30.1% (246/818). Significant difference was observed (P<0.05) between D.everestianus (17.0%) and H.qinghaiensis (79.1%).The infection rates of Bartonella spp. in ticks from Arizha, Maga, Derongma and Changxgma villages were 4.8%, 76.8%, 12.5% and 18.0%, respectively. Compared with other villages, the infection rate of Bartonella spp. in Maga was higher (P<0.01). As for plateau pika, total infection rate of Bartonella spp was 24.1%, with 20.8% (15/72), 30.9% (25/81), 13.8% (9/65) and 29.4% (20/68) in Arizha, Maga, Derongma and Changxgma, respectively. Totally, B. queenslandensis , B.grahamii and two unvalidated Bartonella species were detected. No significant difference in infection rates was observed (P>0.05) between theses study sites. Conclusion At present, only D.everestianus and H.qinghaiensis were found in Shiqu county with high infection of Bartonella spp. in theses ticks and plateau pika. The threats to public health by these Bartonella species should be monitored.
Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy And Risk Of Still Birth In Hospitals Of Tigray Region Ethiopia
Authors: gebreslasie kahsay zenebe , Weldemariam Solomon , mehari Mihret ab 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess intimate partner violence during pregnancy and its associated with still birth among postpartum mothers in Tigray region hospital. Results: The prevalence of still birth was 3.6 %. There was a statistically significant association between exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy and still birth. Pregnant women who were exposed to intimate partner violence during pregnancy were three times more likely to have still birth 3.3(95%CI: 1.1-9.7)) as compared to those who were not exposed. Other factor associated with still birth was low birth weight 16.7(95%CI:6-46).
External Dacryocystorhinostomy versus Canalicular Silicone Intubation with Mitomycin C in Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Ellakwa Amin Faisal , Elmorsy osama Abdallah , Zaki Marwa Ali 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose

To compare external dacryocystorhinostomy versus canalicular silicone intubation with the use of Mitomycin C (MMC) in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).

Methods

the study was carried out at the department of Ophthalmology, Menoufia university Hospital, Egypt, between June 2012 to July 2014. Fifty-six patients who were diagnosed with primary acquired NLDO. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: thirty cases underwent external DCR and twenty-six cases underwent silicone intubation with MMC.

Results

No significant difference was detected in success and failure rates between external DCR (90%) and silicon intubation with MMC (80.7%) at 6 months follow up. Also, both procedures were associated with low rate of intraoperative adverse events, with no postoperative adverse events were detected, however, intubation was relatively safer than DCR.

Conclusion

Silicon intubation with MMC is as effective and safe as external DCR and should be considered as a minimally invasive procedure in primary acquired NLDO.
The Efficacy of Antipyretic Analgesics Administration Intravenously for Preventing Rocuronium-Associated Pain/Withdrawal Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Jia , Liu Bin , Cui Yu , Chen Jianfeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Rocuronium-associated injection pain/withdrawal response (RAIPWR) was non-ideal but occurred frequently when injection intravenously during anesthesia induction. Many studies had reported that pretreating with antipyretic analgesics (AAs) could reduce the occurrence of RAIPWR, but there was no consensus yet. Therefore, this meta-analysis was designed to systematically evaluate the benefits of AAs on RAIPWR in patients.Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, EMbase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Data were searched by January 1st 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) applying AAs to alleviate RAIPWR in patients underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia. Two investigators assessed quality of RCTs and extracted data independently and the meta-analysis was carried on Revman 5.3 software. Plus, we also compared AAs with lidocaine in pros and cons directly, the most reported medicine to prevent RAIPWR.Results Data were analyzed from 10 RCTs totaling 992 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared to the control group, pretreating with AAs could prevent the total occurrence of RAIPWR [Risk ratio (RR), 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41 to 0.64; P < 0.0001], and took effect on moderate (RR, 0.49; 95%CI, 0.39 to 0.63; P<0.0001) and severe RAIPWR (RR=0.14; 95%CI, 0.08 to 0.24; P<0.00001). When compared to lidocaine, the preventive effect was not so excellent as the latter but injection pain induced by prophylactic occurred less.Conclusion The available evidence suggested that pretreating with AAs intravenously could alleviate RAIPWR.
RNA-seq and metabolome revealed counter effect of chitosan against Botrytis cinerea on grape berries
Authors: pervaiz tariq , Jia Haifeng , Zhang Peian , Haider Muhammad Salman , Lu Suwen , Wei Xinke , Jia Haoran , Fang Jinggui 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Plants have great potential to protect against biotic and abiotic stresses. Hence, the interaction between defense signaling networks is incredible, which can either be activated with the application of growth elicitors or antimicrobial organic compounds. Results: In this study, chitosan (15kDa) is used against grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) in two grape varieties (Shine-Muscat and Kyoho). The findings depicted that the interaction of DEGs and KEGGs in control and treated samples of grapevine, which provides the evidence for selection of gray mold defense responsive genes and chitosan for subsequent application in grapevine production/postharvest. The genes encoding cyclic nucleotide gated ion channels (CNGCs) and CaM/CML expressed a large number of transcripts, meanwhile, in treated samples, CaM/CML and RPS2 showed the highest number of up-regulated genes. In plant hormone signal transduction pathway, treated samples AUXIAA and SAUR again the highest number of transcripts were found. In correlation with metabolome analysis, 20 differentially expressed metabolites were recorded. In the negative correlation in the control samples of Kyoho vs Shine mascate showed 224 and 157 up and down-regulated respectively. Moreover, antioxidants were also significantly regulated with the chitosan application and reduced the lesion diameter, water loss and disease incidence up to 12 days. In both varieties, the chitosan treatment superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, Malondialdehyde, catalase, and proline content was significantly increased during storage. Conclusion: The results depicted that at gene expression levels was varied at different fruit growth developmental stages, and the most effective in case of plant-pathogen interaction. Chitosan is seen to be more effective in both varieties and it acts as an anti-fungal agent. The transcriptomic study also confirmed that at the transcriptome level expression was higher in treated samples, however in general transcription factor have not much affected with chitosan application.
Overview and factors associated with pregnancies and abortions occurring in sex workers in Benin
Authors: Sullivan Gentiane Perrault , Guédou Fernand Aimé , Batona Georges , Kintin Frédéric , Béhanzin Luc , Avery Lisa , Bédard Emmanuelle , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Zannou Djimon Marcel , Kpatchavi Adolphe , Alary Michel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
INTRODUCTION

The behavioural and structural factors related to sex work, place female sex workers (FSWs) at high risk of maternal mortality and morbidity (MMM), with a large portion due to unintended pregnancies and abortions. In the African context where MMM is high amongst the general population, understanding the frequency and determinants of pregnancy and abortion among FSWs is important in order to meet their sexual and reproductive health needs.

METHODS

Data from two Beninese cross-sectional surveys (2013 - 2016) were merged. We first performed exploratory univariate analyses to identify factors associated with pregnancy and abortion (p<0.20) using Generalized Estimating Equations with Poisson regression and robust variance. Multivariate analyses first included all the variables identified in the univariate models and backward selection (p≤0.05) was used to generate the final models.

RESULTS

Mean age was 31 years (N=866). The proportion of FSWs reporting at least one pregnancy during sex work was 16.4%, of whom 42.3% had more than one. Most pregnancies ended up with an abortion (67.6%). FSWs who lived with their boyfriend (adjusted proportion ratio (aPR) = 1.74, 95%CI: [1.1, 2.8]) and did not use condoms consistently with them (aPR=1.83, 95%CI: [1.1, 3.0]) had more pregnancies.

CONCLUSION

One FSW out of five had at least one pregnancy during her sex work practice. Most of those pregnancies, regardless of their origin, ended up with an abortion. Improving access to various forms of contraception and safe abortion is the key to reducing unwanted pregnancies and consequently, MMM among FSWs in Benin.
Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and haemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Wang Yanan , Song Quhong , Cheng Yajun , Wei Chenchen , Ye Chen , Liu Junfeng , Wu Bo , Liu Ming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) is associated with haemorrhagic transformation (HT) after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to explore the association between Non-HDL-C and HT, as well as compare predictive values of Non-HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for HT.Methods: We consecutively enrolled AIS patients within 7 days of stroke onset. Participants were divided into four categories according to quartiles of Non-HDL-C. HT was assessed by follow-up brain imaging. We assessed the association between Non-HDL-C, LDL-C and HT.Results: A total of 2043 patients were included, among whom 232 were identified as HT. Compared with the highest quartiles, the first, second and third quartiles of Non-HDL-C were associated with increased risk of HT (adjusted Odds ratios [ORs] 1.74 [95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.09-2.78], 2.01[95% CI 1.26-3.20], and 1.76 [95% CI 1.10-2.83], respectively, P for trend=0.024). Similar results were found for LDL-C. There was significant interaction between Non-HDL-C and age (P for interaction=0.021). The addition of Non-HDL-C and LDL-C to conventional factors significantly improved predictive values (Non-HDL-C, net reclassification index [NRI] 0.24, 95%CI 0.17-0.31, P<0.001; LDL-C, NRI 0.15, 95%CI 0.08-0.22, P=0.03).Conclusions: Low Non-HDL-C was associated with increased risks of HT. In addition, Non-HDL-C has similar effects as LDL-C for predicting HT.