bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent glacierization of the Tsambagarav ridge (North‑Western Mongolia) and its changes since the Little Ice Age maximum
Authors: Ganyushkin D. A. , Otgonbayar D. , Chistyakov K. V. , Kunaeva E. P. , Volkov I. V. 
Published: April 2019

Characteristics of glacierization of the Tsambagarav mountain ridge were determined on the basis of images obtained from satellites Corona, Landsat‑5, Spot‑4, Landsat‑8 together with results of field investigations. Inventories of glaciers located on the ridge had been prepared for three time periods: 1968, 2006, and 2015. Glacierization of the ridge during the Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum was then reconstructed. In 2015, 67 glaciers formed the ridge glacierization with their total area 68.41 km2. Mean weighed altitude of the firn line averaged 3748 m. The flat‑top glaciers accounted for almost 40% of the glacierization area, and the glaciers composed 6 complexes. For the period of the LIA maximum, 73 glaciers had been reconstructed, their total area was 128.4 km2, and the calculated firn line altitude – 3583 м; these glaciers were combined into two complexes where the flat‑top glaciers predominated as well. By 1968, the area of the glacierization decreased by 36%, and the firn line altitude increased by 89 m. By 2006, area of glaciers decreased down to 71.32 km2, and the firn line altitude increased more by 60 m. Finally, in 2006–2015, area of the glacierization contracted additionally by 2.91 km2, and the firn line altitude still more increased by 16 m. Over the whole period from the LIA maximum, the flat‑top glaciers reduced the most. The general rate of contraction of glaciers tends to increase. Reconstructed rates of retreating of the valley glaciers of the Tsambagarav ridge are similar to estimates of other researchers made for the nearest centers of glacierization. Continuation of the current trend to a rise of summer temperature and a growth of precipitation should result in primary fast degradation of the flat‑top glaciers and reorganization of morphological structure of the glacierization.
A metafísica repensada a partir da tradição fenomenológico-hermenêutica
Authors: Rohden Luiz 
Published: April 2019

A metafísica pertence à espinha dorsal da tradição filosófica. O termo, não raro, porém, ainda causa uma espécie de mal-estar no meio acadêmico. Aqui, propomo-nos, inicialmente, mostrar que, de fato, um determinado modelo de metafísico soçobrou. Num segundo momento,justificaremos a retomada da reflexão sobre a metafísica por razões antropológicas e da tradição fenomenológico-hermenêutica, concedendo ênfase às perspectivas francesa e germânica. Ao final, argumentaremos em torno de uma noção de metafísica que deve incorporar, em seudiscurso, a temporalidade. É em Ricoeur que encontramos indicações decisivas, próprias da tradição fenomenológico-hermenêutica, que nos possibilitam reconfigurar, num novo e apropriado estilo, a metafísicanarrativa que integra a compreensão e a concepção de pessoa em seu bojo.
Agostinho de Hipona: considerações sobre o mal e temas correlatos em De libero arbitrio
Authors: Pereira Rosalie Helena de Souza 
Published: April 2019

Em várias obras, Agostinho aborda a questão do mal, mas é no diálogo De libero arbitrio que ele mais se estende sobre esse tema. A pergunta sobre a origem do mal conduz a argumentação do diálogo, introduzindo aos poucos o que vai se tornar a fórmula clássica do agostinismo, a saber, o intelecto aceita o que a fé esculpe. O mal surge quando há desordem, desmedida, excesso ou deficiência. O mal é o avesso da ordem natural. Cupiditas, a má libido, é uma desordem na alma, é o desejo por coisas passíveis de perda. O mal preexiste àpromulgação da lei, já que deriva do pecado original. Do cogito de Agostinho – existir, viver e inteligir –, a principal e exclusiva qualidadedo homem é a inteligência. Agostinho estabelece o axioma: a fé busca e a inteligência encontra. No entanto, para que haja inteligência, énecessária a iluminação, que, mais tarde, tomará contornos mais nítidos na conceituação da graça divina. Pela livre vontade, o ser humano peca.A graça é necessária ao livre-arbítrio da vontade humana para enfrentar eficazmente a luta contra o mal.
Princípio de razão e o “conhecimento das causas”: considerações sobre o valor fundamental da verdade e o seu sentido
Authors: Moraes Dax 
Published: April 2019

As críticas nietzscheanas dos valores e da verdade dirigem-se a um tipo da vontade que exige do mundo uma causa universal que lhesirva como explicação. O presente ensaio concentra-se no significado fundamental desse sentimento comum à ciência e à religião enquanto resposta à total ausência de sentido, uma vez que o sentido de cada coisa, na existência, não se deve a nada mais senão à nossa própria criação.
Особенности гласных фонем и их вариантов в русинском языке в Словакии
Authors: КОПОРОВА КВЕТОСЛАВА , ПЛИШКОВА АННА 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The codification of the Rusyn language in Slovakia in 1995 created space for linguistic research into individual language levels not only within Rusyn dialects, as was the case in the past (Olaf Broch, Ivan Verchratskij, Georgij Gerovskij, and Vasiľ Latta), but also regarding the actual codified language used by Rusyns in Slovakia. Based on earlier results and the research of Vasiľ Jabur (one of the codifiers of the Rusyn language in Slovakia, who determined the system of vocalic sounds in standard Rusyn), in this paper, the authors present vocalic sounds and their variations in individual phonological realizations.
Отражение экспрессивного звучания стиховой речи в художественном переводе
Authors: ПЕТЕР МИХАЙ 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present paper gives a positive answer to the question about the possibility of adequate poetic translation. It presents extracts of Russian poetry that contain various phonic devices (e.g. rhythmic variations, sound repetitions, vowel alternations, consonant clusters, etc.) which, in addition to other verbal means, make up the peculiar aesthetic value of a poetic work. The Hungarian translations of the extracts from Pushkin’s The Bronze Horseman and Eugene Onegin, Tyutchev’s Autumn Evening, and Tvardovsky’s Vassili Tyorkin, made by the prominent poets and translators Lajos Áprily, Árpád Galgóczy, and Lőrinc Szabó, masterly reproduce the phonic qualities of the Russian texts, and prove the validity of the Pushkinian claim on the “alliance of sound, thought, and sentiment” in lyric poetry.
High-rate lithium ion energy storage to facilitate increased penetration of photovoltaic systems in electricity grids
Authors: Lennon Alison , Jiang Yu , Hall Charles , Lau Derwin , Song Ning , Burr Patrick , Grey Clare P. , Griffith Kent J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigh-rate lithium ion batteries with long cycling lives can provide electricity grid stabilization services in the presence of large fractions of intermittent generators, such as photovoltaics. Engineering for high rate and long cycle life requires an appropriate selection of materials for both electrode and electrolyte and an understanding of how these materials degrade with use. High-rate lithium ion batteries can also facilitate faster charging of electric vehicles and provide higher energy density alternatives to supercapacitors in mass transport applications.High-rate lithium ion batteries can play a critical role in decarbonizing our energy systems both through their underpinning of the transition to use renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaics, and electrification of transport. Their ability to be rapidly and frequently charged and discharged can enable this energy storage technology to play a key role in stabilizing future low-carbon electricity networks which integrate large fractions of intermittent renewable energy generators. This decarbonizing transition will require lithium ion technology to provide increased power and longer cycle lives at reduced cost. Rate performance and cycle life are ultimately limited by the materials used and the kinetics associated with the charge transfer reactions and ionic and electronic conduction. We review material strategies for electrode materials and electrolytes that can facilitate high rates and long cycle lives and discuss the important issues of cost, resource availability and recycling.
Cardiotoxicity Monitoring in Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Skubitz Keith M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can cause cardiotoxicity, and some suggest routine monitoring of cardiac function during TKI use. We describe two cases of TKI-induced heart failure (HF) that suggest the utility of monitoring with laboratory tests is questionable. One patient developed HF 5 days after starting pazopanib. The other developed HF while receiving 25 mg per day sunitinib, and had previously received a higher dose (50 mg per day) with no symptoms of cardiotoxicy. In addition, she later received 5 cycles of sunitinib (25 mg per day) without developing an abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value by echocardiography or cardiac symptoms. Although the LVEF is commonly performed to monitor TKI cardiotoxicity, evidence for its predictive utility is limited. These cases raise questions regarding the practical utility of sequential measurement of LVEF in adults treated with TKIs. We suggest a simple daily activity such as stair climbing to monitor exercise tolerance.
De la economía social y solidaria a la solidaridad económica. Transiciones hacia un conocimiento cooperativo
Authors: Saez-Riquelme Felipe 
Published: April 2019

Propósito: tomando la experiencia de Argentina, este trabajo se propone reflexionar sobre las formas en que hasta ahora ha sido conceptualizada la Economía Social y Solidaria en el país. Descripción: a partir del análisis de varios textos fundadores de este campo y sintetizando parte de mis investigaciones previas, quisiera sostener que los abordajes para el estudio de estas experiencias socio-económicas asumen en lo fundamental una modalidad eurocéntrica de conocimiento, a partir de lo que he denominado metodologías de la distancia, es decir, formas de conocer que omiten las relaciones de poder y descontextualizan los saberes locales en pos de generar un criterio común de análisis general. Punto de vista: estas modalidades no sólo representan un ejercicio de violencia epistémica, sino también producen silencios históricos. Conclusiones: Siguiendo a Trouillot (1995) respecto a las relaciones entre el poder y la producción de la historia, lo que hasta ahora se ha vuelto visible en este campo de saber ha obturado memorias, historias y saberes asentados en la diferencia económico/cultural. Con miras a recuperar estas historias otras quisiera relevar los aportes del Taller de Historia Oral Andina (THOA) para la creación de metodologías de la cercanía, en una transición hacia un conocimiento de carácter cooperativo y solidario.
Thyroid disorder in pregnancy and postpartum with neonatal outcome a study in tertiary care centre
Authors: Das Bharati , Khuntia Puspanjali 
Published: April 2019

Background: Thyroid disorders are well known entity in pregnancy. Both mother and baby have to suffer from the consequences. Lot of works has been done and many guidelines too came out over the years but what is actual understanding of the disease process by the mothers about themselves and for their babies especially in developing country like India remained uncovered. This has been analysed in present study.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done in the post-partum programmed department of SCB medical college and hospital, a tertiary care center in eastern part of India for 3 years period. Thyroid dysfunction of the mothers and new born screening of thyroid function of their babies has been assessed.Results: During this period total no of the babies along with their mothers were evaluated were 3762. Total no of thyroid disorders detected in 85 (2.25%) of mothers, among which hypothyroidism in 79 (2.09%) and hyperthyroidism in 6 (0.16%) were found. From total 85 cases, 79 (93%) mothers were hypothyroid and 6 (7%) were hyperthyroid. Among the hypothyroid mothers 32 (40.5%) were diagnosed before present pregnancy and (59.5%) were diagnosed during pregnancy. In the babies of hypothyroid mother, new born screening for thyroid function was done only in 14 (17.7%) cases between 5-10 days.Conclusions: Thyroid screening should be done in pregnancy as universal screening instead of high-risk cases. Documentation and interdepartmental coordination are very much essential in thyroid disorders for further decision by the physician for necessity of continuation of treatment and thyroid function test in the post-partum period for the mothers and its long-term consequences. It also guides the neonatologist or pediatrician doing thyroid function test of their babies. Ideally All newborns should be screened for congenital hypothyroidism as a part of new born screening (NBS) programmed. Effective communication with the mother and the family is very much essential for monitoring and treatment of both mother and the baby.
Medullar Kock without Pott: 13 cases observed at the university hospital center of Conakry, Guinea
Authors: Cisse Fode Abass , Sakadi Foksouna , Tassiou Nana Rahamatou Aminou , Balde Amadou Talibe , Nitcheu Woga Arcel Steven , Kenda Bah Aissatou , Djigue Barry Souleymane , Sory Souare Ibrahima , Toure Mohamed Lamine , Cisse Amara 
Published: April 2019

Background: The diagnostic certainty of medullar tuberculosis (TB) without Pott disease is difficult to establish in a tropical environment with the large group of infectious, parasitic, and systemic myelopathies, despite the increasing availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and improvement of biological exploration platforms.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the files of 186 patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery of the University Hospital Center of Conakry, Guinea, between 2008 and 2016 for the management of non-compressive and compressive myelopathy. Biological evidence of TB infection was demonstrated for 13 (6.9%) patients.
Results: Infectious clinical picture prior to the development of neurological signs was reported in 11 patients (84.6%). The neurological signs were summed up by the existence of a sensitivo-motor semiology of progressive evolution (100% of cases) with sphincter disorders in 11 patients (84.6%) and a medullary compression symptomatology with a lesion and under lesion syndrome from the outset in 4 patients (30.8%). Medullary MRI revealed an extensive intramedullary hypersignal in 9 patients with non-compressive myelopathy and in 4 cases, the lesions appeared in T1 hypersignal and T2 isosignal were localized. Lumbar puncture (LP) revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, hypoglucorrhage (0.3 to 0.5 g/l), and leukocytosis.
Conclusion: This study reveals a classic clinical, biological, neuroradiological, and evolutionary profile of compressive and non-compressive myelopathies. These results are important for the
therapeutic and evolutionary discussion of TB myelopathies for good management.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I and breastfeeding; systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Boostani Reza , Sadeghi Ramin , Sabouri Amir , Ghabeli-Juibary Ali 
Published: April 2019

Background: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) is the first identified pathogenic human retrovirus. Breastfeeding has been reported to be the predominant route of vertical transmission of HTLV-I. The objective of this systematic review was to pool and evaluate the data on the transmission of HTLV-I with different infant-feeding practices on children born to HTLV-I-positive mothers. We conducted a systematic review of comparison of HTLV-I transmission risk to breastfed and bottle-fed
babies.
Methods: We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, SID, Magiran, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy was limited to articles in English. Initial screening identified 254 citations; of these, 96 potentially relevant articles were identified. After reviewing the 96 full-text articles in detail, 7 reports met the inclusion criteria for this review.
Results: Pooled odds ratio (OR) and risk difference (RD) of HTLV-I transmission in the breastfed group compared to the bottle-fed infants were [OR = 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58-7.64, P = 0.0020, Cochran’s Q = 27.7, P = 0.0010, and I2 = 67.5%] and (RD = 17.1%, 95% CI: 7.5%-26.7%, P < 0.0001, Cochran’s Q = 106, P < 0.0001, and I2 = 91.5%). So, we have evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding more than 6 months in comparison to bottle feeding highly
increases transmission rate of HTLV-I infection. We have also enough evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months compared to bottle feeding does not increase transmission rate of HTLV-I infection (pooled OR = 0.912, CI: 0.45-1.80; OR: 3.83, CI: 1.80-8.10, respectively).
Conclusion: The current meta-analysis showed that short period (less than 6 months) of breastfeeding did not increase risk of HTLV-I infection transmission from mother to child among breastfeeders and more than 6 months of breastfeeding significantly increased the risk of HTLV-I infection. However, our meta-analysis shows that refraining from breastfeeding can decrease the risk of vertical HTLV-I transmission.
Size distribution and chemical composition of indoor and outdoor particles in lab building
Authors: Oroji Balal , Sadighzadeh Asghar , Solgi Eisa , Zakeri Alireza , Oliaei Mohammad Sadegh , Yousefi Hossein 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Exposure to toxic components in indoor PM is associated with a wide spectrum of adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health effects. The fine PM pollution in ambient air is currently a major health concern in Iran and is driving increasing research interest. Due to air pollution in Tehran met-ropolitan, it is necessary to study the concentration and size distribution of particles inside and outside the building.

Materials and methods: Hence, for this study, concentration and size distribution of particles matter was calculated with diameters of PM≤0.4, PM0.4-0.7, PM0.7-1.1, PM1.1-2.1, PM2.1-3.3, PM3.3-4.7, PM4.7-7, PM7-11, PM≥11 and TSP during two seasons in the lab building in the Tehran. Measurements on the aerodynamic size of atmospheric aerosols carried with Anderson type 1-ACFM Cascade Impactor with six-stage. The length of each collection period was about 24 h.
Results: The results show that the effect of outdoor air pollution on the con-centration of particles in the indoor environment is significant. According to these results, the lowest value is for particles with a diameter greater than 11
µm. the highest value of this ratio is dedicated to PM≤0.4 and with the increase of the aerodynamic diameter of the particles, the I/O decreases as well. A similar trend was recorded for concentration of TSP. The highest difference in the concentration of TSP in indoor and outdoor was 60.25 and 188.36 µg/ m3, respectively.
Conclusion: This effect is due to factors such as the lack of standard ventilation, old doors and windows and the life of the building.
Spontan abortus ve istemli gebelik tahliyesi olgularında desiduada T lenfosit subgrupları ve uterin doğal öldürücü hücre sayılarının immunohistokimyasal yöntem ile karşılaştırılması
Authors: KÖSE Semir , KARAARSLAN TAKMAZ Serap , ULUKUŞ Murat , ZEKİOĞLU Osman , YILMAZ Hüseyin 
Published: April 2019

Amaç: Desiduada T lenfositlerin
toplam sayılarının, sitotoksik (Ts) ve helper (Th) alt gruplarının ve uterin naturel
killer (uNK) hücre sayılarının abortuslar ve tekrarlayan gebelik kayıplarının
(TGK) patogenezindeki rolünün araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2003- Ocak 2005
tarihleri arasında Ege Üniversitesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum kliniğinde
gebelik tahliyesi yapılmış ve küretaj materyallerine ait parafin blokları elde
edilen abortus (n:29) ve sağlıklı kontrol olarak isteğe bağlı gebelik
tahliyeleri (n:10) olguları çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm T lenfositler için
ortak belirteç CD3, Th için CD4, Ts için CD8 ve uNK hücreleri için CD56
belirteçleri ile seçici immunohistokimyasal boyama sağlandı ve her preparat
için 10 alanda hücreler sayıldı.

Bulgular: Medyan CD3+ T lenfosit
toplam hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 314 (210-489), inkomplet abortus
grubunda 560 (183-1602) ve missed abortus grubunda ise 426 (154-1102) idi (p:
0.117). Medyan CD4+ Th hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 143 (87-203), inkomplet
abortus grubunda 236 (77-735) ve missed abortus grubunda ise 236 (76-677) idi
(p: 0.441). Medyan CD8+ Ts hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 179 (105-279),
inkomplet abortus grubunda 239 (90-820) ve missed abortus grubunda 197 (84-560)
idi (p:0.530). Medyan CD56+ uNK hücre sayıları kontrol grubunda 634 (554-1390),
inkomplet abortus grubunda 714 (653-2165) ve missed abortus grubunda 712
(306-2108) idi (p:0.099).

Sonuç: Abortuslar ve TGK heterojen
gruplardır ve farklı patogeneze sahip olgulardan oluşmaktadır. Bir alt grupta
immün mekanizmalar nedensel rol oynuyor olabilir. Öncelikle karyotip analizi
ile kategorize edilmiş gruplarda daha güncel metodlarla (akış sitometri, gen
ekspresyon ve reseptör aktivasyon analizleri) yapılacak ileri çalışmalar
abortuslarda immün sistem elemanlarının karmaşık rolünün aydınlatılması için
gerekli görünmektedir.
La protección al consumidor en las webs de juego online de los operadores con licencia en España
Authors: Hernández Ruiz Alejandra 
Published: April 2019

La evolución del sector del juego online en España muestra una tendencia alcista desde el inicio del mercado regulado. Al margen de su impacto económico, es preciso tomar en consideración los aspectos sociales, de orden público y de salud asociados a esta actividad recreativa. Con el fin de promocionar actitudes de juego moderado, no compulsivo y responsable, en el artículo 8 de la Ley de regulación del juego (2011), se establece la obligatoriedad de desarrollar esta actividad lúdica desde una política integral de responsabilidad social corporativa que contemple acciones preventivas, de sensibilización, intervención y control, así como de reparación de los efectos negativos producidos. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta investigación reside en analizar la política de protección al consumidor en las webs de juego online de los operadores con licencia en nuestro país. De la muestra inicial de 45 operadores que dispone, al menos, de un sitio web que ofrece juego online, 40 presentan una página web operativa. La técnica metodológica utilizada es el análisis de contenido. Las variables objeto de estudio se configuran en torno a los dos componentes principales de cualquier programa de prevención de adicciones (1) Información y sensibilización; (2) Promoción de medidas preventivas específicas. Se observa que, en líneas generales, para poder hablar de un cumplimiento efectivo de los estándares preventivos básicos, se precisan mejoras que afectan tanto al fondo como a la forma de dichos mensajes.