bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The synchronization and adaptation of Neurospora crassa circadian and conidiation rhythms to short light-dark cycles
Authors: Ma Huan , Li Luyao , Yan Jie , Zhang Yin , Shi Weirui , Li Yunzhen , Gao Menghan , Pan Siyu , Yang Ling , Guo Jinhu 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTCircadian clocks control the physiological and behavioral daily rhythms to adapt to the changing environment with a period of ~24 h. However, the influence and mechanism of extreme light-dark cycles on the circadian clock remain unclear. We show that, in the fungus Neurospora crassa under short LD cycles, both the growth rate and the ratio of microconidia production contributes to adaptation in LD12:12 (light for 12 h and dark for 12 h, periodically). Mathematical modeling and experiments demonstrate that in short LD cycles, the expression of the core clock protein FREQUENCY is entrained to the LD cycles when LD>3:3 while it free runs when T≤ LD3:3. We investigated the changes in circadian/diurnal rhythms under a series of different LD conditions, and the results showed that conidial rhythmicity can be adapted to the short LD cycles. We further demonstrate that the existence of unknown blue light photoreceptor(s) and the circadian clock might promote the conidiation rhythms that resonate with the environment. A high-intensity light induced the expression of a set of downstream genes involved in various metabolic pathways. The ubiquitin E3 ligase FWD-1 and the previously described CRY-dependent oscillator system were implicated in regulating conidiation under short LD conditions.
No evidence that frontal eye field tDCS affects latency or accuracy of prosaccades
Authors: Reteig Leon C. , Knapen Tomas , Roelofs Floris J.F.W. , Ridderinkhof K. Richard , Slagter Heleen A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be used to directly affect neural activity from outside of the skull. However, its exact physiological mechanisms remain elusive, particularly when applied to new brain areas. The frontal eye field (FEF) has rarely been targeted with tDCS, even though it plays a crucial role in control of overt and covert spatial attention. Here we investigate whether tDCS over the FEF can affect the latency and accuracy of saccadic eye movements. 26 participants performed a prosaccade task in which they made eye movements to a sudden-onset eccentric visual target (lateral saccades). After each lateral saccade, they made an eye movement back to the center (center saccades). The task was administered before, during and after anodal or cathodal tDCS over the FEF, in a randomized, double-blind, within-subject design. One previous study (Kanai et al., 2012) found that anodal tDCS over the FEF decreased the latency of saccades contralateral to the stimulated hemisphere. We did not find the same effect: neither anodal nor cathodal tDCS influenced the latency of lateral saccades. tDCS also did not affect accuracy of lateral saccades (saccade endpoint deviation and saccade endpoint variability). For center saccades, we found some differences between the anodal and cathodal sessions, but these were not consistent across analyses (latency, endpoint variability), or were already present before tDCS onset (endpoint deviation). We tried to improve on the design of Kanai et al. (2012) in several ways, including the tDCS duration and electrode montage, which could explain the discrepant results. Our findings add to a growing number of null results, which have sparked concerns that tDCS outcomes are highly variable. Future studies should aim to establish the boundary conditions for frontal eye field tDCS to be effective, in addition to increasing sample size and adding additional controls such as a sham condition. At present, we conclude that it is unclear whether eye movements or other aspects of spatial attention can be affected through tDCS of the frontal eye fields.
Saccades and Handedness Interact to Affect Scene Memory
Authors: Ellmore Timothy M. , Mackin Bridget , Ng Kenneth 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRepetitive saccades benefit memory when executed before retrieval, with greatest effects for episodic memory in consistent-handers. Questions remain including how saccades affect scene memory, an important visual component of episodic memory. The present study tested how repetitive saccades affect working and recognition memory for novel scenes. Handedness direction (left-right) and degree (strong/consistent vs. mixed/inconsistent) was measured by raw and absolute laterality quotients respectively from an 8-question handedness inventory completed by 111 adults. Each then performed either 30 seconds of repetitive horizontal saccades or fixation before or after tasks of scene working memory and scene recognition. Regression with criterion variables of overall percent correct accuracy and d-prime sensitivity showed that when saccades were made before working memory, there was better overall accuracy as a function of increased direction but not degree of handedness. Subjects who made saccades before working memory also performed worse during subsequent recognition memory, while subjects who fixated or made saccades after the working memory task performed better. Saccades made before recognition resulted in recognition accuracy that was better (Cohen’s d=0.3729), but not significantly different from fixation before recognition. The results demonstrate saccades and handedness interact to affect scene memory with larger effects on encoding than recognition. Saccades before scene encoding in working memory are detrimental to short- and long-term memory, especially for those who are not consistently right-handed, while saccade execution before scene recognition does not appear to benefit recognition accuracy. The findings are discussed with respect to theories of interhemispheric interaction and control of visuospatial attention.
Identification and characterization of cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus G. Don) genes in response to parthenocarpy induced by GA3 through transcriptome analysis
Authors: Wen Binbin , Song Wenliang , Sun Mingyue , Chen Min , Mu Qin , Zhang Xinhao , Chen Xiude , Gao Dongsheng , Xiao Wei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFruit set after successful pollination is a key process in the production of sweet cherries, but low fruit rate is the main problem for crop production in sweet cherries. Gibberellin treatment can directly induce parthenogenesis without pollination; therefore, gibberellin treatment is a very important method to improve the fruit setting rate of sweet cherries. Exogenous gibberellin can satisfy the hormone requirement during fruit growth and development. Some related studies have mainly focused on physiological aspects, such as breeding, branching, fertilization, etc., and the molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of ‘Meizao’ sweet cherry fruit treated with gibberellin during the anthesis and hard-core period to determine the genes associated with parthenocarpic fruit set. A total of 765 and 186 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found at anthesis and the hard-core stage after gibberellin 3 (GA3) treatment, respectively. The differentially expressed genes between the control and GA3 treatment showed that the GA3 response mainly included parthenocarpic fruit set and cell division. Exogenous gibberellin stimulated sweet cherry parthenocarpy and enlargement, which were verified by qRT-PCR results of related genes and the parthenocarpic fruit set and fruit size. Based on our research and previous studies on Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified the key genes associated with parthenocarpic fruit set and cell division. Briefly, we found patterns in the sweet cherry fruit setting-related DEGs, especially those associated with hormone balance, cytoskeleton formation and cell wall modification. Overall, the result provides a possible molecular mechanism regulating parthenocarpic fruit set, which is important for basic research and industrial development of sweet cherries.Highlightcherry genes in response to parthenocarpy and promote to fruit setting induced by GA3.
Conditional interactions in literature-curated protein interaction databases
Authors: Stacey R. Greg , Skinnider Michael A. , Chik Jenny H. L. , Foster Leonard J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDatabases of literature-curated protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are often used to interpret high-throughput interactome mapping studies and estimate error rates. These databases combine interactions across thousands of published studies and experimental techniques. Because the tendency for two proteins to interact depends on the local conditions, this heterogeneity of conditions means that only a subset of database PPIs are interacting during any given experiment. A typical use of these databases as gold standards in interactome mapping projects, however, assumes that PPIs included in the database are indeed interacting under the experimental conditions of the study. Using raw data from 20 co-fractionation experiments and six published interactomes, we demonstrate that this assumption is often false, with up to 55% of purported gold standard interactions showing no evidence of interaction, on average. We identify a subset of CORUM database complexes that do show consistent evidence of interaction in co-fractionation studies, and we use this subset as gold standards to dramatically improve interactome mapping as judged by the number of predicted interactions at a given error rate. We recommend using this CORUM subset as the gold standard set in future co-fractionation studies. More generally, we recommend using the subset of literature-curated PPIs that are specific to experimental conditions whenever possible.
Achieving the Endgame: Integrated NTD Case Searches
Authors: Buyon Lucas , Slaven Randall , Emerson Paul M. , King Jonathan , Debrah Oscar , Aboe Agatha , Ruiz-Tiben Ernesto , Callahan Kelly 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTrachoma and Guinea Worm Disease (GWD) are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) slated for elimination as a public health problem and eradication respectively by the World Health Organization. As these programs wind down, uncovering the last remaining cases becomes an urgent priority. In 2010, The Ghana Health Service, along with The Carter Center, Sightsavers, and other partners, conducted integrated case search for cases of both GWD and the last stage of trachoma disease, trachomatous trichiasis (TT), as well as providing treatment for trachoma to meet elimination and eradication targets. House to house case search for both diseases was conducted and two case management strategies were explored: a centralized referral to services method and a Point of Care (POC) delivery method. 835 suspected TT cases were discovered in the centralized method, of which 554 accepted surgery. 482 suspected TT cases were discovered in the POC method and all TT cases accepted surgery in the POC searches. The cost per TT case examined was lower in the POC searches compared to the centralized searches ($19.97 in the POC searches and $20.85 in the centralized searches). Both strategies resulted in high surgical uptake for TT surgery, with average uptakes of 72.4% and 83.9% for the centralized and POC searches respectively. We present here that house to house case search offering services at POC are feasible and a potential tool for elimination and eradication programs nearing their end.Author SummaryTrachoma and Guinea Worm Disease (GWD) are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) slated for elimination as a public health problem and eradication respectively by the World Health Organization. As these programs wind down, uncovering the last remaining cases becomes an urgent priority in order to confirm that eradiation/elimination targets have been reached. Active case searches are one method of finding these last vestiges of disease. Searches for that look for multiple diseases are referred to as integrated searches. We piloted here integrated case searches for GWD and Trachoma with two case management strategies, a referral approach to a central location, and point of care approach (POC). POC approaches can difficult to implement in low resource settings because they require extensive personnel, financial, and logistical, support. However, POC approaches remove one of the biggest barriers to treatment, time spent traveling to a health center, and thus can improve treatment uptake. We found here that integrated active cases searches with a POC case management approach can be implemented in a low resource setting; and improve acceptance and uptake of trachoma examination and trichiasis surgery respectively without costing much more than the referral case management approach.
Biologically realistic mean-field models of conductancebased networks of spiking neurons with adaptation
Authors: Volo Matteo di , Romagnoni Alberto , Capone Cristiano , Destexhe Alain 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAccurate population models are needed to build very large scale neural models, but their derivation is difficult for realistic networks of neurons, in particular when nonlinear properties are involved such as conductance-based interactions and spike-frequency adaptation. Here, we consider such models based on networks of Adaptive exponential Integrate and fire excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Using a Master Equation formalism, we derive a mean-field model of such networks and compare it to the full network dynamics. The mean-field model is capable to correctly predict the average spontaneous activity levels in asynchronous irregular regimes similar to in vivo activity. It also captures the transient temporal response of the network to complex external inputs. Finally, the mean-field model is also able to quantitatively describe regimes where high and low activity states alternate (UP-DOWN state dynamics), leading to slow oscillations. We conclude that such mean-field models are “biologically realistic” in the sense that they can capture both spontaneous and evoked activity, and they naturally appear as candidates to build very large scale models involving multiple brain areas.
Modelling the notions and dimensions of MOOCs
Authors: Sembiring Maximus Gorky 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
This report explored enriched notions and dimensions of quality massive open online courses (QMOOCs). The purpose of this paper is to visualize the quality measures adjacent to MOOCs and understanding distinctive outlooks to approaching them. It was also of interests to envisage how and in what routines those notions and dimensions interrelated.

Design/methodology/approach
Exploratory-design was employed to qualitatively establishing conceptual and operational frameworks first through reviewing processes and focus-group discussions. QMOOCs were reflected by four dimensions: scientifically provable, technically feasible, economically beneficial and socio-culturally adaptable. Besides, QMOOCs involved six notions (6P: presage, process, product, practicability, prospective and power) and affected knowledge, skills and professionalism (KSP). Quantitatively, QMOOCs, 6P and KSP were the moderating, independent and dependent variables, respectively. Associated data were accumulated through survey by distributing 600 questionnaires randomly to 708 Universitas Terbuka faculty members; 299 of them were completed.

Findings
Nine hypotheses were scrutinized utilizing structural-equation model and eight were validated by the analysis. It was statistically inferred that product was alluded as the prime notion to QMOOCs followed by process, practicability, presage and power; prospective was excluded. Professionalism, knowledge and skill were influenced by QMOOCs. Importance-performance analysis (IPA) and customer-satisfaction index were emulated (and applied) to quantify respondents opinion and relevance degree of those engaged notions and dimensions. IPA analysis revealed four prominent notions (corresponding, functional, well-defined and learner-focused) and one dimension (technically feasible).

Originality/value
Qualitative framework was imperfectly confirmed by the quantitative upshot. Further inquiry is crucial searching for plausible validation how this consequence was marginally distinctive in conjunction with authenticating QMOOCs.
Board stoops to conquer the CEO: end of a power struggle
Authors: Rameshan P. 
Published: June 2018

Subject area
The case would be specifically useful in courses related to Corporate Governance, Board Dynamics, Leadership, Organizational Behaviour, Corporate Ethics and Strategic Management.

Study level/applicability
For Post-graduate/Doctoral and Executive Programme/Management Development Programme level courses in Corporate Governance, Board Dynamics, Leadership, Organizational Behaviour, Corporate Ethics and relevant areas of Strategic Management.

Case overview
The case relates to the imminent departure of Raamit Pell, the founding CEO of Xcelent Services, an educational service provider, to his parental organization at Kozerton after completing his current five-year term. Raamit had moved from Kozerton to become CEO of Xcelent Services. Many of Raamit’s senior executives at Xcelent were not happy about his decision to return. They felt that his departure at this moment might, on the one hand, slow down the ongoing major expansion plans and on the other aggravate a mutiny, under covert Board patronage involving a powerful clique of certain senior executives. The parental agency finally agreed to release him. On the day of Raamit’s farewell, where surprisingly even the clique members were present, many executives appeared sad. Observing the mood, Raamit wondered whether his decision to return to Kozerton was the right one.

Expected learning outcomes
To understand the internal governance, leadership and behavioural environment of a company. To understand the impact of internal power equations of a company on the morale of its people. To analyze both the inconsistency between the stated goals of the organization and the revealed actions of its top decision-makers; and the lack of restraint on the power struggle among the top actors of the organization. To identify effective strategies for addressing such issues in future so that their fallouts would be minimized. To relate the behaviour in an organization to the organizational behavioural theories related to leadership, corporate governance, corporate ethics, managerial behaviour and agency problems.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Industrial relations (Union) issues at Asian Paints Ltd.
Authors: Jain Nikunj Kumar , Sinha Subhashis , Iyer N.S. 
Published: June 2018

Subject area
Human Resources Management (HRM), Industrial Relations and Strategic Management.

Study level/applicability
Post-graduate students or executive post-graduate students, Core course in Human resources Management (HRM), Industrial Relations or Strategic Management or in elective courses in Industrial Relations and Strategic HRM.

Case overview
The Personnel manager of Asian Paints Ltd., Cuddalore (Tamil Nadu) factory, found himself in a Catch 22 situation when a Union leader of the manufacturing unit refused to work. The Union leader had been transferred from the Quality Assurance department to the Production department. The case describes the sequence of events and the backdrop in which the aforementioned situation had unfolded. Given the circumstances that prevailed in the factory, the personnel manager’s decision was likely to have significant impact on the factory’s output.

Expected learning outcomes
The student will be able to understand the industrial relations/Union issues in a company and the role of different stakeholders, namely, management, Union, workmen and the government in a conflict scenario. The student will learn the application of principles of natural justice and will be able to evaluate the Industrial Relations (IR) strategy adopted by the organizations to prevent labor unrest at the workplace. The student will understand the impact of critical management decisions on the organization’s performance in an uncertain global environment.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 6: Human Resource Management.
Crowdsourced fashion designing of Hashboosh.com: the sustainability dilemma
Authors: Unnithan Deepa , Pathy Girish S. , Prashar Sanjeev , Ramanathan Hareesh 
Published: June 2018

Subject area
Strategic management.

Study level/applicability
MBA-Entrepreneurship, Strategic management, Marketing management.

Case overview
The case explains a concept called crowd designed fashion by a startup venture, Hashboosh.com. The business model appeared unique and suitable for the requirements of the market, but there is a question regarding its sustainability due to breeding its own competition. In the backdrop of the case, the students can analyse the organisation by identifying the internal strengths and weaknesses of the organisation as well as the external threats and opportunities, thereby devising a strategy for the organisation to progress.

Expected learning outcomes
The case will enable students to analyse an organisation in terms of its internal strength and weakness as well as external threats and opportunities. It enables students to gain strategies for firms by analysing the firm’s internal and external factors. It will offer students a practical understanding for conducting competitor analysis. It will enable students to devise a marketing plan for small firms based on its internal and external analysis.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Baahubali’s Kattappa: servant leadership in practice
Authors: Ali Esrafil , Khan Yasmeen 
Published: June 2018

Subject area
Leadership and team building, Human resource management, Organizational behavior.

Study level/applicability
The case may be most useful for MBA or any other PG level courses, particularly in human resource management, team leadership, motivation and morale. The Case could also be appropriate in the courses that cover General Management or Business Management, Executive Education Programs. This case can also be taught to the middle level and senior level managers in Management Development Programs.

Case overview
The case study describes the leadership lessons drawn from the role of Kattappa in the movie Baahubali. He took bold decisions to save the Mahishmati kingdom from Bijjaladeva. Being a slave and agile swordsman, he obeyed all the orders of the king of the realm. He made strategic decisions which resulted in positive outcomes for the kingdom. His leadership style can be linked with the theories of servant leadership style. The case tells us about some selected instances from the movies Baahubali: The Beginning and Baahubali 2: The Conclusion, which had happened with Kattappa which can be used to understand the different principles and philosophy of servant leadership.

Expected learning outcomes
The expected learning outcomes are as follows: to understand the different dimensions and essential skills of servant leadership; to analyze and learn the servant leadership style from the role of Kattappa; and to evaluate the appropriateness of servant leadership in context to other leadership styles.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 6: Human Resource Management.