bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Lives: The Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age at Çadır Höyük
Authors: Steadman Sharon R. , Hackley Laurel D. , Selover Stephanie , Yıldırım Burcu , von Baeyer Madelynn , Arbuckle Benjamin S. , Robinson Ryan , Smith Alexia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Çadır Höyük, located in the Yozgat Province of the north-central Anatolian plateau, was continuously occupied from the late sixth millennium BCE until at least the thirteenth century CE. This article focuses on the fourth millennium BCE during which the Uruk System in southern Mesopotamia emerged, flourished and then retracted, and the Kura-Araxes culture from Transcaucasia ventured into Anatolia and the Levant. A close investigation of the Çadır settlement reveals a population that embraced the opportunities afforded it through the expanded trade and intercultural connections available during the millennium; the community transitioned into new socioeconomic patterns accompanied by changes in socioreligious and possibly sociopolitical behaviors. The disappearance of such opportunities at the end of the fourth millennium, rather than decimating a village that had come to rely on them, revealed the resilience of the community as it once again reoriented its focus to more local endeavors.
Interpreting Subadult Burials and Head Shaping at Çadır Höyük
Authors: Erdal Yılmaz Selim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSkeletal remains discovered from the Late Chalcolithic layers of Çadır Höyük have been analyzed in terms of demographic structure and intentional head shaping. It is observed that perinatal babies and young infants were buried in dwellings belonging to the earliest phase of the settlement. Burials of older children, located in public and ritual buildings and characterized by the presence of prestigious items, represent an important change in burial customs. Some of these children appear to be affected by head shaping. The low frequency of head shaping within the settlement, location of the burials, and prestigious grave goods may well reflect that the reshaped individuals belonged to high social ranks. Moreover, on the basis of the above-mentioned evidence, reshaped individuals may have inherited their social status at birth.
Karyotypes of Cottus cognatus, C. bairdi, and their hybrids in central Pennsylvania
Authors: Thompson Kenneth , Whitcomb Shannon , Choudhry Emily , Hartmann Christopher J. , Tull Amy M. , White Michael P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Karyotypes of the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), the mottled sculpin (C. bairdi), and hybrids of these two species were prepared from specimens collected from the west branch of the Susquehanna River in Lycoming and Clinton counties in Central Pennsylvania. Diploid numbers of 48 and arm numbers of 72 were determined for both species and the hybrids. No sexual dimorphism or chromosomal morphological differences were found in either species or the hybrids. Chromosomal evolution within Cottus is shown to have proceeded by pericentric inversions. A hybrid zone of approximately 10 km is indicated.
A gênese e o meio da filosofia dos meios
Authors: Bennke Johannes 
Published: October 2019

Nos estudos de mídia, há uma discussão desde os anos 1980 sobre uma compreensão do meio/mídia que não é baseada na mídia de massa. Como disciplina, teve que se diferenciar de estudos de comunicação e literatura e de estudos culturais que se concentram em sistemas sociopolíticos e econômicos ou em sistemas de ordem simbólica. Neste artigo, defendo pelo menos três debates que levaram a outra maneira de pensar a mídia. O que é chamado de Teoria Alemã da Mídia consiste em uma virada para uma materialidade da comunicação, investiga a medialidade específica de um meio e analisa as funções do meio dentro das práticas e operações, em vez de tomar o meio como uma entidade fixa. Embora a Teoria Alemã da Mídia seja considerada um caminho especial adotado nos estudos de mídia, defendo que o debate sempre foi internacional e continua a desafiar os discursos existentes.
Numa encruzilhada, dois campos: a lágrima como meio nas experiências do sagrado e de luta política contracolonial do Rosário negro e do Ñembo’e Kaiowá
Authors: Oliveira Luciana de , Altivo Bárbara Regina 
Published: October 2019

Como formas de vida, experienciadas na fronteira com o regime de visibilidade Ocidental-moderno e violentamente exterminadas por ele, realizam mediações comunicacionais afins às suas cosmologias como forma de afirmação política? Uma semente – conta de lágrima ou mboy em língua guarani –, usada nos rosários trançados sobre os corpos negros nos Reinados (expressão religiosa de matriz africana) e nos jeasaha sobre os corpos dos rezadores Kaiowá (em experiências xamânicas desse povo indígena), é meio de comunicação com antepassados, entidades sagradas e elementos que nos-sa filosofia chama de naturais. O artigo tem por objetivo presentificar, via experiências etnográficas, processos de comunicação multidimensionais e o sentido de meio em agenciamentos contracoloniais que fazem pensar sobre o tempo, o território e o relacional no campo da Comunicação.
O jornalismo enquanto objeto de estudo
Authors: Santos Pollyana Dourado 
Published: October 2019

A pesquisa em questão trata-se de um exercício reflexivo sobre a apreensão do objeto de estudo do jornalismo em pesquisas que apresentam o jornalismo apenas como objeto empírico e delimitam sua teoria com conhecimentos de outras áreas do saber. O objetivo é realizar uma reflexão sobre o objeto de estudo do jornalismo em intersecção com o campo da comunicação e as múltiplas formas de como se tem trabalhado o jornalismo enquanto objeto empírico. O artigo trabalha com questões que discutem os problemas enfrentados pelas Teorias do Jornalismo, bem como as metodologias utilizadas para analisar o jornalismo enquanto objeto empírico e o silenciamento do jornalismo enquanto objeto de estudo.
Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of Weakly Coordinating Sulfoxonium Ylides via C−H Activation/Annulations: Synthesis of Functionalized Isocoumarins
Authors: Zhou Ming‐Dong , Peng Zhen , Wang He , Wang Zhao‐Hui , Hao Da‐Jin , Li Lei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHomocoupling of weakly coordinating sulfoxonium ylides was accomplished via ruthenium (II) catalyzed C−H activation process. This strategy provides a convenient, efficient and step‐economic method to access 3‐substituted isocoumarins with good functional group tolerance. The sulfoxonium ylide acts both as the convenient aromatic substrate and the acylmethylation reagent in this transformation. Moreover, the products could be transformed to diverse valuable derivatives.magnified image
Intracellular Delivery of Exogenous Macromolecules into Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Double Deformation of the Plasma Membrane
Authors: Modaresi Saman , Pacelli Settimio , Subham Siddharth , Dathathreya Kavya , Paul Arghya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhysical techniques for intracellular delivery of exogeneous materials offer an attractive strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of stem cells. However, these methods are currently limited by poor delivery efficiency as well as cytotoxic effects. Here, a high throughput microfluidic device is designed for efficient (≈85%) cytosolic delivery of exogenous macromolecules with minimal cell death (less than 10%). The designed microfluidic device enables the generation of transient pores as the cells pass through the micron‐sized constrictions (6–10 µm) leading to the passive diffusion of extracellular cargos into the cell cytosol. Specifically, the microfluidic system is designed to induce a double deformation on the cell membrane at the squeezing zones to maximize intracellular delivery. Additionally, the flow rate, ionic concentration, and the molecular weight of the cargo are optimized for maximum efficiency. The optimized device enables cytosolic diffusion of small (3 kDa) and large molecules (70 kDa) without inducing any apoptotic effect. Overall, this double cell deformation platform offers new opportunities to rapidly and efficiently deliver extracellular cargo into stem cells without affecting their viability and functionality.
Evolution and Synthesis of Carbon Dots: From Carbon Dots to Carbonized Polymer Dots
Authors: Xia Chunlei , Zhu Shoujun , Feng Tanglue , Yang Mingxi , Yang Bai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDespite the various synthesis methods to obtain carbon dots (CDs), the bottom‐up methods are still the most widely administrated route to afford large‐scale and low‐cost synthesis. However, as CDs are developed with increasing reports involved in producing many CDs, the structure and property features have changed enormously compared with the first generation of CDs, raising classification concerns. To this end, a new classification of CDs, named carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), is summarized according to the analysis of structure and property features. Here, CPDs are revealed as an emerging class of CDs with distinctive polymer/carbon hybrid structures and properties. Furthermore, deep insights into the effects of synthesis on the structure/property features of CDs are provided. Herein, the synthesis methods of CDs are also summarized in detail, and the effects of synthesis conditions of the bottom‐up methods in terms of the structures and properties of CPDs are discussed and analyzed comprehensively. Insights into formation process and nucleation mechanism of CPDs are also offered. Finally, a perspective of the future development of CDs is proposed with critical insights into facilitating their potential in various application fields.
Sunlight‐Triggerable Transient Energy Harvester and Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator Using Acid‐Sensitive Poly(phthalaldehyde)
Authors: Wu Changsheng , Jiang Jisu , Guo Hengyu , Pu Xianjie , Liu Lisha , Ding Wenbo , Kohl Paul A. , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransient electronics that disintegrate via material dissolution or depolymerization under certain stimuli have great potential in biomedical and military applications. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), an emerging mechanical energy harvesting technology with great flexibility in material choices, is promising in offering transient power sources. Previously reported transient energy harvesters using biodegradable polymers require solution‐based degradation and have limited applications in non‐biological scenarios. A short time span, sunlight‐triggered degradable TENG is developed. The main substrate includes an acid‐sensitive poly(phthalaldehyde) (PPHA), a photoacid generator (PAG), and a photosensitizer (PS). Through photo‐induced electron transfer, the ultraviolet radiation absorbed by the PS is transferred to the PAG to generate photoacids that trigger the depolymerization of PPHA. Transient TENG‐based mechanical energy harvesters and touch/acoustic sensors are successfully demonstrated by embedding silver nanowires onto the PPHA‐based films. The fabricated devices degrade rapidly under winter sunlight. The degradation rate can be further tuned via changing the ratio of photosensitive agents. This work not only broadens the applicability of TENG as transient power sources and sensors, but also extends the use of transient functional polymers toward advanced energy and sensing applications.
Metal‐Free, One‐Pot Oxidative Triple Functionalization of Azaarenes with Methyl Arenes Mediated by Molecular Iodine/TBHP: Synthesis of N‐Benzylated Iodo(iso)quinolinones
Authors: Shantharjun Bangarigalla , Rajeswari Radhakrishnan , Vani Damera , Unnava Ramanjaneyulu , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Reddy Kallu Rajender 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn efficient metal‐free one‐pot triple functionalization of azaarenes has been developed via a successive regioselective iodination, N‐benzylation and amidation by using readily available methylarenes in presence of molecular iodine and TBHP. This method avoids the use of expensive noble metal catalysts and multi‐step conversions. Moreover, we have shown the synthetic utility of the iodo functionality with traditional cross‐coupling reactions (like Suzuki, Heck and Sonogashira) and the corresponding products were obtained in good yields.
The Effects of an Impurity in an Ising‐XXZ Diamond Chain on Thermal Entanglement, on Quantum Coherence, and on Quantum Teleportation
Authors: Freitas Marcos , Filgueiras Cleverson , Rojas Moises 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe effects of an impurity plaquette on the thermal quantum correlations measurement by the concurrence, on quantum coherence quantified by the recently proposed l1‐norm of coherence and on quantum teleportation in a Ising‐ diamond chain are discussed. Such an impurity is formed by the interaction between the interstitial Heisenberg dimers and the nearest‐neighbor Ising coupling between the nodal and interstitial spins. All the interaction parameters are different from those of the rest of the chain. By tailoring them, quantum entanglement and quantum coherence can be controlled and tuned. Therefore, the quantum resources—thermal entanglement and quantum coherence—of the model exhibit a clear performance improvement in comparison to the original model without impurities. It is demonstrated that quantum teleportation can be tuned by its inclusion. Thermal teleportation is modified in a significant way as well, and a strong increase in the average fidelity is observed. The exact solution is furnished by the use of the transfer‐matrix method.
Supported Catalytically Active Supramolecular Hydrogels for Continuous Flow Chemistry
Authors: Rodon Fores Jennifer , Criado‐Gonzalez Miryam , Chaumont Alain , Carvalho Alain , Blanck Christian , Schmutz Marc , Serra Christophe A. , Boulmedais F. , Schaaf Pierre , Jierry Loïc 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInspired by biology, one current goal in supramolecular chemistry is to control the emergence of new functionalities arising from the self‐assembly of molecules. In particular, some peptides can self‐assemble and generate exceptionally catalytically active fibrous networks able to underpin hydrogels. Unfortunately, the mechanical fragility of these materials is incompatible with process developments, relaying this exciting field to academic curiosity. Here, we show that this drawback can be circumvented by enzyme‐assisted self‐assembly of peptides initiated at the walls of a supporting porous material. We applied this strategy to grow an esterase‐like catalytically active supramolecular hydrogel (CASH) in an open‐cell polymer foam, filling the whole interior space. Our supported CASH material is highly efficient towards inactivated esters and enables the kinetic resolution of racemates. This hybrid material is robust enough to be used in continuous flow reactors, and is reusable and stable over months.
Oxysulfid‐Halbleiter für die photokatalytische Wasserspaltung mit sichtbarem Licht
Authors: Zhang Guigang , Wang Xinchen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDie photokatalytische Wasserspaltung durch sulfidbasierte Materialien ist eine große Herausforderung, da diese Materialien eine geringe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Oxidation durch Elektronenlöcher aufweisen. In einer aktuellen Studie entwickelten Domen und Mitarbeiter eine innovative Strategie zur Stabilisierung von sulfidbasierten Photokatalysatoren, indem sie S 3p‐ mit O 2p‐Orbitalen hybridisierten, um Oxysulfide mit stabilem S2− herzustellen. Die weitere Oberflächenbehandlung der Oxysulfide mit dualen Cokatalysatoren fördert Ladungsabscheidung und Grenzflächentransfer und vermindert so den Aufbau von Ladung, was die Photokorrosion hemmt. Der pH‐Wert des Reaktionsgemischs ist ein entscheidender Parameter für die effiziente stöchiometrische H2‐ und O2‐Entwicklung durch diese Oxysulfid‐Photokatalysatoren.
Understanding the pH Dependence of Underpotential Deposited Hydrogen on Platinum
Authors: Yang Xuan , Nash Jared , Oliveira Nicholas , Yan Yushan , Xu Bingjun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the pH dependent shift of the oxidation peak of the underpotential deposited hydrogen (Hupd) in cyclic voltammograms on the Pt surface is of significance in terms of both the fundamentals of electrochemistry and the rational design of catalysts for the hydrogen oxidation/evolution reactions (HOR/HER). In this work, we provide compelling evidence that the pH dependent shift in the Hupdpeak on Pt surfaces is driven by the structure of interfacial water rather than the specific adsorption of cations on the electrode surface. Combined cyclic voltammetric and surface enhanced spectroscopic investigations using an organic cation and crown‐ether chelated alkali metal cations show that specific adsorption of metal and organic cations on the Pt surface at the conditions relevant to the HOR/HER is unlikely. The vibrational band corresponding to strongly bound water is monitored when the electrode potential is varied in the Hupdrange in both acid and base.
Solvent‐resistant polymeric microfiltration membranes based on oxidized electrospun poly(arylene sulfide sulfone) nanofibers
Authors: Liu Zhenyan , Wei Zhimei , Long Shengru , Wang Xiaojun , Yang Jie 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTPolymeric membranes have been widely used in the separation of aqueous system, but there were few studies on the organic solvent‐resistant microfiltration (MF) membranes. In this study, organic solvent‐resistant oxidized poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)‐6 (O‐PASS‐6) nanofibrous MF membrane with high water flux was prepared through electrospun technology, cold‐press, and oxidation treatment. The O‐PASS‐6 nanofibrous MF membrane was made from the interwoven electrospun uniformly 295 nm nanofibers, and the mean pore size was 0.44 μm. The morphology, chemical structure, and aggregation structure of O‐PASS‐6 nanofibrous MF membrane were characterized systematically by the scanning electron microscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. Investigations on the weight loss, swelling ratio, and microstructure change all revealed that the O‐PASS‐6 membrane had superior stability in strong polar solvents, such as 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone (DMI), dimethylformamide (DMF), and tetrahydrofuran (THF). MF performance results showed that the pure water flux of O‐PASS‐6 nanofibrous membrane was up to 753.34 L·m−2·h−1, and the rejection ratio was 99.9% to 0.2 μm particles. More importantly, after treated by aggressive solvents, the membranes still possessed good MF performance: the water flux was 770.08, 775.66, and 766.36 L·m−2·h−1 when soaked in DMI, DMF, and THF for 7 days, respectively, and high rejection ratio also maintained (>99%) for both particles investigated. The O‐PASS‐6 membrane with good solvent resistance proved to be a promising candidate as a prefiltration membrane to eliminate submicron particles in both sewage and aggressive solvents. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48506.
Weathering performance of waterborne acrylic coating systems on flat‐pressed wood–plastic composites
Authors: Durmaz Sefa , Özgenç Özlem , Avci Erkan , Hakki Boyaci İsmail 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis study applied coating systems containing two different waterborne acrylic resins with an ultraviolet (UV) absorber on the surfaces of polyvinyl chloride‐based flat‐pressed wood–plastic composites (WPCs) evaluated and the effects of waterborne acrylic coating on the performance of WPCs in outdoor conditions. The results showed that waterborne acrylic coating systems enhanced the surface quality of WPC. The decrease in flexural strength was found to reach up to 22%, while it was about 25% for modulus. The color changes on the surface decreased by 55% as a result of the UV absorbability of the coating systems. Moreover, the chemical changes in the composites were found to be almost nonexistent in the attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for WPCs coated with both formulations. The light microscopy images revealed that the coating systems minimized deformation on the surface. In comparison to the control samples, it was seen that the surface roughness of the WPC was also improved by using waterborne acrylic coating systems. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48518.
Effect of thermal shock cycling on the quasi‐static and dynamic flexural properties of flax fabric‐epoxy matrix laminates
Authors: Kollia Alexandra , Kontaxis Lykourgos Chrysostomos , Papanicolaou George Christopher , Zaoutsos Stefanos P. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of thermal shock cycling on the quasi‐static and dynamic flexural properties of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with natural flax fibers fabric. Polymer composite laminates reinforced with four plies of natural flax fiber fabric have been manufactured. The samples have been exposed to different number of thermal shock cycles (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400), at a temperature range from −40 °C to +28 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests were performed on both pristine and thermally shocked specimens in order to determine their viscoelastic response. Due to the thermal shock cycling and after 100 thermal shock cycles, a maximum decrease in storage and loss modulus on the order of 50% was observed. After 100 thermal shock cycles, no further degradation of dynamic properties was observed. On the contrary, damping factor and glass transition temperature values showed a minor variation as number of thermal shock cycles increased. In addition, the time–temperature superposition principle (TTSP) was successfully applied, confirming the fact that the flax fiber fabric‐epoxy laminate is a thermo‐rheologically simple material. Likewise, quasi‐static three‐point bending tests were executed and a maximum decrease of 20% in flexural strength was observed after 400 thermal shock cycles. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48529.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Three‐Dimensional Virtual Reality Biology Lab versus Conventional Didactic Practices in Lab Experimenting with the Photonic Microscope
Authors: Paxinou Evgenia , Panagiotakopoulos Christos T. , Karatrantou Anthi , Kalles Dimitrios , Sgourou Argyro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study presents the integration of three different teaching scenarios, during biology laboratory lessons, with the overall aim of exploring the potential predominant effectiveness of teaching and improvement of students' learning, by the use of the three‐dimensional virtual reality educational tool Onlabs, versus more traditional didactic practices. A sample of 83, fourth year, undergraduate students of the Primary Education Department of Patras' University in Greece, were equally separated into three cognitively balanced groups to be educated on the light microscopy experiment by three different educational scenarios. Students' conceptual understanding in the domain of microscopy, was evaluated during all learning procedure with Pre and Post tests, whereas their skill to handle properly a real light microscope in the wet biology lab was summatively assessed via a specially designed work sheet. Results of the present study provide evidence in favor of the virtual reality application. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 48(1):21–27, 2020.