bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sich selbst gesund führen: Wie geht das?
Authors: Johansson Kajsa , Oswald Nadine-Marie 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungAn Führungskräfte werden hohe Anforderungen gestellt, sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer fachlichen als auch persönlichen und sozialen Kompetenzen. Lesen Sie, welche
Tipps die BGW bereit hält im dritten Teil der Serie „Gesundheit als Führungsaufgabe“.
Ein Weg zur Entbürokratisierung
Authors: Wieteck Pia , Schindler Manuel 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDas BAss soll nicht nur die Pflegedokumentation erleichtern, sondern auch das Entlassmanagement unterstützen. Denn mit der Anwendung ist es möglich, einen
eventuellen poststationären Versorgungsbedarf zu ermitteln.
Warum Krokodile nicht lachen
Authors: Hertlein Margit 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungSäugetiere lachen, Reptilien nicht. Warum eigentlich und was hat das mit Ihnen als Führungskraft zu tun? Lesen Sie mehr über Stammhirn, limbisches System sowie
das Großhirn und deren emotionale Rolle beim Homo sapiens.
Periphere Stimulation
Authors: Dinse Hubert R. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungNeben direkter zentralnervöser Stimulation wie TMS oder tDCS und roboter- und
gerätegestützter Rehabilitation wurden Therapieansätze basierend auf peripherer
Stimulation entwickelt. Die bisher an Gesunden erhobenen Befunde deuten darauf
hin, dass die repetitive sensorische Stimulation zu einer weitreichenden
Reorganisation in den sensomotorischen Netzwerken führt. Die bisher publizierten
Metastudien verweisen darauf, dass die alleinige oder in Kombination mit anderen
Therapiemaßnahmen erfolgende Anwendung der peripheren Stimulation zu einem
verbesserten Rehabilitationserfolg führt. Die Möglichkeit, die Stimulation zu
Hause über lange Zeit anzuwenden zu können, dürfte gerade für die
Langzeitbehandlung chronischer Patienten eine wichtige Rolle spielen.
Repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) – eine
Therapieoption für Menschen nach Schlaganfall?
Authors: Platz Thomas 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDurch eine repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) lässt sich die
Erregbarkeit des Gehirns sehr gezielt (fokal) nichtinvasiv erhöhen oder
absenken, womit die Funktionserholung nach Schlaganfall unterstützt werden kann.
Den stabilsten Wirksamkeitsnachweis gibt es für die Armfunktion. Wie die
Evidenzlage bei Depressionen nach Schlaganfall, bei Dysphagie,
Ganggeschwindigkeit, Aphasie, Neglect und weiteren funktionellen Defiziten nach
Schlaganfall aussieht, beschreibt der folgende Artikel.
Angina pectoris bei Männern und Frauen
Authors: Ong Peter 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Angina pectoris ist das Kardinalsymptom für eine myokardiale Ischämie. Zu den
wichtigen Pathomechanismen für eine myokardiale Ischämie gehören die
stenosierende koronare Herzkrankheit (KHK) bzw. die Koronarthrombose beim akuten
Myokardinfarkt, Koronarspasmen und eine koronare mikrovaskuläre Dysfunktion.
Wichtige Unterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen liegen in der Art der
Beschwerden, der Beschreibung der Symptome und der subjektiven Einschätzung der
Beschwerden.
Standard- oder Therapieverändernde Erkenntnisse in der
Hämatologie
Authors: Haas Rainer , Jäger Paul S. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungEin Umdenken von Diagnostik oder bisherigen Standardtherapien verschiedener
Erkrankungen erfolgt in der Regel aufgrund neuer Erkenntnisse und Ergebnisse
klinischer Studien. Um bisherige Standardtherapien zu verändern, müssen die
neuen Erkenntnisse auf einer breiten Basis erzielt und von solcher Signifikanz
sein, dass die Wissenschaft eine neue Richtung einschlägt. Im Folgenden wird
eine Auswahl von Publikationen für verschiedene hämatologische Erkrankungen
vorgestellt: so zeigen bei der chronischen myeloischen Leukämie (CML)
Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren (TKI) der zweiten Generation eine bessere Effektivität
und wurden daher in einigen Ländern als Erstlinientherapie zugelassen. Bei den
Myelodysplastischen Syndromen (MDS) sind die Ergebnisse mit Luspatercept
vielversprechend und bestätigen die bisher erhobenen Daten. Bei akuten
myeloischen Leukämien (AML) erhielt das neu geschaffene CPX-351 (Verbindung aus
Cytarabin und Daunorubin) die Zulassung für die Therapie von Patienten mit neu
diagnostizierter sekundärer AML. Beim Multiplen Myelom (MM) wird die
sequentielle Behandlung aus Induktionstherapie, Cyclophosphamid und einer
anschließenden autologen Blutstammzelltransplantation (ASCT) weiterhin als
Standard betrachtet. Bei der Therapie von Patienten mit Non Hodgkin-Lymphomen
(NHL) gibt es derzeit einige vielversprechende Ergebnisse mit
Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren, die eine therapeutische Wirksamkeit ohne die sonst
üblichen zytotoxischen Nebenwirkungen ermöglicht. Bei Patienten mit chronisch
lymphatischer Leukämie (CLL) kann Venetoclax andauernde Remissionen induzieren
und ist deshalb eine vielversprechende und gut verträgliche Behandlungsoption
bei Hoch-Risiko-CLL. Auch CAR (chimäre Antigenrezeptor)-modifizierte
T-Zell-Therapie konnte bei therapierefraktären aggressiven Lymphomen mit einem
akzeptablen Sicherheitsprofil ein hohes Maß an Remissionen erreichen.
α-Arylation of Amides from α-Halo Amides Using Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Barde E. , Guérinot A. , Cossy J. 
Published: December 2018

Metal-catalyzed α-arylation of amides from α-halo amides with organometallic reagents is reviewed. The article includes Suzuki–Miyaura, Kumada–Corriu, Negishi, and Hiyama cross-coupling reactions.1	Introduction2	Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling2.1	Palladium Catalysis2.2	Nickel Catalysis3	Kumada–Corriu Cross-Coupling3.1	Nickel Catalysis3.2	Iron Catalysis3.3	Cobalt Catalysis4	Negishi Cross-Coupling5	Hiyama Cross-Coupling6	Conclusion
Basics of Statistics for Clinical Research in Hand Surgery
Authors: Rosales Roberto , Atroshi Isam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStatistics, the science of numerical evaluation, helps in determining the real value of a hand surgical intervention. Clinical research in hand surgery cannot improve without considering the application of the most appropriate statistical procedures. The purpose of the present paper is to approach the basics of data analysis using a database of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) to understand the data matrix, the generation of variables, the descriptive statistics, the most appropriate statistical tests based on how data were collected, the parameter estimation (inference statistics) with p-value or confidence interval, and, finally, the important concept of generalized linear models (GLMs) or regression analysis.
Falsch organisiert?
Authors: Weimer Tobias 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Organisationsverschulden – betrifft nur die Geschäftsführung? Weit gefehlt: Um potenzieller Täter zu sein, genügt grundsätzlich die Übernahme einer
qualifizierten Leitungsfunktion, die mit Koordinations- und Überwachungspflichten einhergeht.
Leistungsorientierte Personal(bedarfs)-berechnung für
Intensiv
Authors: Plücker Wolfgang 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Personalbedarf auf Intensivstationen definiert sich noch immer über den
Leistungsbezug – trotz DRG. Es gibt Empfehlungen der DGAI, doch sind vor allem
die Intensiv-Werte nicht mehr zeitgemäß und der aktuellen Situation
anzupassen.
Standardisierte Medizin – der Weg in die
Zukunft
Authors: Solcher Bertram 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungMedizin 4.0 oder Robotermedizin - wie immer man die technisch unterstützten
Arbeitsprozesse nennt, sie sorgen für Skepsis. Dabei birgt der Trend großes
Potenzial für Kliniken, außerdem setzt Digitalisierung dort an, wo es
niemandem weh tut.
Die Kunst, im Wandel zu führen
Authors: Eberhardt Doris 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungOrientiert am Clinical Leadership Programme des Royal College of Nursing, hat das Klinikum Neumarkt ein Führungsbildungsprogramm
auf den Weg gebracht. Es soll Team- und Bereichsleitungen helfen, Mitarbeiter sicher und erfolgreich durch Veränderungen
zu führen.
Talente im Visier
Authors: Maier Julia 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Uniklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) hat eine Potenzialanalyse entwickelt, die Stärken von Mitarbeitern identifiziert und so eine gezielte
Personalentwicklung ermöglicht. Wie die Methode funktioniert, erklärt Joachim Prölß, Direktor für Patienten- und Pflegemanagement.
An einem Strang ziehen
Authors: Westen Marjoke 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungTeamarbeit zwischen Pflegenden und Ärzten ist auf den Stationen nicht mehr wegzudenken – das sollte man zumindest meinen. Tatsächlich aber
lässt sie häufig zu wünschen übrig. Woran das liegt und warum der gemeinsame Dialog so entscheidet ist, lesen Sie hier.
Modulation of HIF-2α PAS-B domain contributes to physiological responses
Authors: Feng Zhihui , Zou Xuan , Chen Yaomin , Wang Hanzhi , Duan Yingli , Bruick Richard K. 
Published: December 2018

Significance
Constitutive HIF-2α activity has been well demonstrated to promote cancer progression. A newly designed small molecule (PT2399) has been proven to inhibit HIF-2α through binding its PAS-B domain in recent studies. In the present study, we generated a mouse model featuring a cavity-filling point mutation (S305M), which fails to bind PT2399 in vivo. In addition to response to hypoxia stress, we show that HIF-2α PAS-B domain also mediates response to metabolic stress such as high fat diet, and PT2399 could ameliorate metabolic condition in obese animals, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for HIF-2α antagonists in metabolic disorders.
Biocontrol potential of
Pasteuria
spp. for the management of plant parasitic nematodes.
Authors: Ciancio A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Plant parasitic nematodes represent a severe threat for agriculture, causing yield losses for several food and industrial crops, worldwide. Actually, increasing demand for organic food products and for sustainable management practices requires the development of biocontrol approaches based on suitable antagonists. In this review, some traits of members of the bacterial genus
Pasteuria
are discussed, focusing on their biology and taxonomy, host range, specificity and application for host nematode regulation. Given the high specificity of
Pasteuria
spp. and the biodiversity recognized Within species, the exploitation of these parasites requires the collection of data on the isolates most suitable for practical use. Some traits of
Pasteuria
spp. biology appear favourable for biocontrol applications, such as the minimum impact on the other soil microorganisms and invertebrates, the durability of endospores, together with host specificity and regulation capability. Experimental evaluation of host-parasite compatibility for biocontrol purposes is a pre-requisite necessary for practical use. Isolates selection and evaluation may represent an additional cost in the development of commercial products and bioformulations based on mass cultivation of these bacteria. The
Pasteuria
spp. associated with nematode pests represent a valuable and widespread natural resource, whose benefits and application potential are not yet completely explored.
Endocrine stress response of Eastern Fence Lizards in fire-disturbed landscapes
Authors: Iacchetta Michael G , Maloney K Nichole , Gienger C M 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Landscape disturbances can alter habitat structure and resource availability, often inducing physiological responses by organisms to cope with the changing conditions. Quantifying the endocrine stress response through measurement of glucocorticoids has become an increasingly common method for determining how organisms physiologically respond to challenges imposed by their environment. We tested the hypothesis that Eastern Fence Lizards cope with fire disturbance effects by modulating their secretion of corticosterone (CORT). We measured the baseline and stress-induced plasma CORT of male Eastern Fence Lizards in a chronosequence of fire-altered habitats (recently burned, recovering from burn, and unburned). Although habitat use by lizards differed among burn treatments, including differences in use of canopy cover, leaf litter, and vegetation composition, we did not detect a significant effect of fire-induced habitat alteration on plasma CORT concentration or on body condition. In addition, we found no effect of blood draw treatment (baseline or stress-induced), body temperature, body condition, or time taken to collect blood samples on concentration of plasma CORT. Low intensity burns, which are typical of prescribed fire, may not be a sufficient stressor to alter CORT secretion in Eastern Fence Lizards (at least during the breeding season). Instead, lizards may avoid allostatic overload using behavioral responses and by selecting microsites within their environment that permit thermoregulatory opportunities necessary for optimal performance and energy assimilation.
Finite Generation of the Algebra of Type A Conformal Blocks via Birational Geometry
Authors: Moon Han-Bom , Yoo Sang-Bum 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We study the birational geometry of the moduli space of parabolic bundles over a projective line, in the framework of Mori’s program. We show that the moduli space is a Mori dream space. As a consequence, we obtain the finite generation of the algebra of type A conformal blocks. Furthermore, we compute the H-representation of the effective cone that was previously obtained by Belkale. For each big divisor, the associated birational model is described in terms of moduli space of parabolic bundles.
Rapid decline in 51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-measured renal function during the first weeks following liver transplantation
Authors: Hornum Mads , Penninga Luit , Rostved Andreas A , Christensen Karl B , Oturai Peter , Plagborg Ulla , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo , Hillingsø Jens G , Rasmussen Allan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundRenal dysfunction is a serious late complication after liver transplantation (LTX), but there are no studies addressing the early changes associated with this complication.MethodsWe prospectively studied glomerular filtration rate (GFR) before and at 1, 3 and 12 weeks after LTX using 51Cr-labelled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid clearance in 37 adult consecutive patients who underwent non-acute first LTX.ResultsThe mean (±SD) age was 49.5 ± 9.5 years, and the male:female sex ratio was 21:16. Diagnoses were autoimmune liver diseases (17), alcoholic cirrhosis (10) and other diseases (10). Immunosuppressive treatment consisted predominantly of triple-drug therapy. A total of 27 of the 37 patients were eligible for GFR analysis at all times. The mean (±SD) GFR was 86 ± 26 mL/min/1.73 m2 before LTX, and 77 ± 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at 1 week, 64 ± 27 mL/min/1.73 m2 at 3 weeks and 64 ± 23 mL/min/1.73 m2 at 12 weeks after LTX, comparable to a reduction in mean GFR compared with baseline values of 10% (P = 0.1907), 25% (P = 0.0010) and 26% (P = 0.0007). Age and number of blood transfusions during surgery were identified as risk factors for this decline as well as gender, but not pre-transplant diagnosis, model of end-stage liver disease score, cold ischaemia time or post-transplant area under the curve tacrolimus during Days 0–14.ConclusionsUsing measured rather than estimated GFR, our results show that severe renal impairment occurs during the first week after LTX. These results emphasize the need for more studies addressing renoprotective treatment strategies.
Does Smoking Intensity Predict Cessation Rates? A Study of Light-Intermittent, Light-Daily, and Heavy Smokers Enrolled in Two Telephone-Based Counseling Interventions
Authors: Ni Katherine , Wang Binhuan , Link Alissa R , Sherman Scott E 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Though many interventions have been shown to be effective in helping smokers quit, outcomes may differ between light and heavy smokers. We identified differences in baseline characteristics and post-intervention cessation rates among smoker groups at two safety-net hospitals.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed cessation rates in 1604 patients randomized to either a quitline referral (1–2 telephone counseling sessions) or intensive counseling program (seven telephone sessions). Participants were stratified into light-intermittent (smoked on ≤24 of last 30 days), light-daily (smoked on &gt;24/30 days, 1–9 cigarettes per day [CPD]), or heavy smokers (smoked on &gt;24/30 days, ≥10 CPD). We compared baseline characteristics between smoker types using chi-squared tests, then identified predictors of 30-day abstinence using a multivariable model.

Results
Compared with light-daily and light-intermittent smokers, heavy smokers were more likely to be white, male, concomitant e-cigarette users, to have high-risk alcohol use, to have used quitting aids previously, to have current or lifetime substance use (excluding cannabis), and have lower confidence in quitting. However, in multivariable analysis, smoker type was not significantly associated with cessation. The statistically significant predictors of cessation at 6 months were higher confidence in quitting and enrollment in the intensive counseling intervention.

Conclusions
Smoker type (light-intermittent, light-daily, or heavy) does not independently predict success in a cessation program. However, smoker type is strongly associated with patients’ confidence in quitting, which may be one predictor of cessation.

Implications
This study of two safety-net hospitals emphasizes that the number of cigarettes smoked per day does not independently predict smoking cessation. Additionally, heavy smokers are at highest risk for the detrimental health effects of tobacco, yet have lower confidence and motivation to quit. Confidence in quitting may be one factor that affects cessation rates; however, further study is needed to identify which other attributes predict cessation. These findings suggest that smoker type may still be a useful proxy for predicting cessation and that interventions specifically designed for and validated in heavy smokers are needed to better aid these individuals.
Effect of Preperitoneal Versus Epidural Analgesia on Postoperative Inflammatory Response and Pain Following Radical Cystectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Trial
Authors: Othman Ahmed H. , Ahmed Doaa G. , Abd El-Rahman Ahmad M. , El Sherif Fatma A. , Mansour Samar , Aboeleuon Ebrahim 
Published: December 2018

Objectives:
Continuous wound infiltration of local anesthetics has been proposed as an alternative to epidural analgesia during abdominal surgery. Cytokines have a major role in inflammatory changes caused by surgery. This study aimed to compare the effects of continuous preperitoneal versus epidural analgesia on inflammatory cytokines postoperatively.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients scheduled for radical cystectomy were included in this observer-blinded, randomized trial; patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups to receive; continuous preperitoneal wound infiltration (PPB) or epidural analgesia (EDB). Serum levels of interleukins (IL1β, IL6, IL10, and tumor necrosis factor α) were measured at baseline (before induction of anesthesia), preinfusion (before the start of local anesthetic infusion), 6 and 24 hours postoperatively. Visual Analog Scale at rest/movement (VAS-R∕M), time to the first request of analgesia, total morphine consumption, sedation score, hemodynamics, and side effects were observed 24 hours postoperatively.

Results:
There was a significant reduction in IL6, IL1β and increase in IL10 in PPB compared with EDB at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively and compared with preinfusion levels (P≤0.001). In EDB, a significant increase in IL1β, IL10, and tumor necrosis factor α at 6 hours compared with preinfusion levels (P≤0.002). VAS-R∕M was significantly decreased at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours in EDB compared with PPB (P≤0.014), with no significant difference in the mean time to the first request of analgesia and total morphine consumption between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
Continuous preperitoneal analgesia better attenuated postoperative inflammatory response and provided a comparable overall analgesia to that with continuous epidural analgesia following radical cystectomy.
Ferroptosis Contributes to Neuronal Death and Functional Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury*
Authors: Kenny Elizabeth M. , Fidan Emin , Yang Qin , Anthonymuthu Tamil S. , New Lee Ann , Meyer Elizabeth A. , Wang Hong , Kochanek Patrick M. , Dixon C. Edward , Kagan Valerian E. , Bayir Hülya 
Published: December 2018

Objectives:Traumatic brain injury triggers multiple cell death pathways, possibly including ferroptosis—a recently described cell death pathway that results from accumulation of 15-lipoxygenase–mediated lipid oxidation products, specifically oxidized phosphatidylethanolamine containing arachidonic or adrenic acid. This study aimed to investigate whether ferroptosis contributed to the pathogenesis of in vitro and in vivo traumatic brain injury, and whether inhibition of 15-lipoxygenase provided neuroprotection.Design:Cell culture study and randomized controlled animal study.Setting:University research laboratory.Subjects:HT22 neuronal cell line and adult male C57BL/6 mice.Interventions:HT22 cells were subjected to pharmacologic induction of ferroptosis or mechanical stretch injury with and without administration of inhibitors of ferroptosis. Mice were subjected to sham or controlled cortical impact injury. Injured mice were randomized to receive vehicle or baicalein (12/15-lipoxygenase inhibitor) at 10–15 minutes postinjury.Measurements and Main Results:Pharmacologic inducers of ferroptosis and mechanical stretch injury resulted in cell death that was rescued by prototypical antiferroptotic agents including baicalein. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry revealed the abundance of arachidonic/adrenic-phosphatidylethanolamine compared with other arachidonic/adrenic acid-containing phospholipids in the brain. Controlled cortical impact resulted in accumulation of oxidized phosphatidylethanolamine, increased expression of 15-lipoxygenase and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (enzyme that generates substrate for the esterification of arachidonic/adrenic acid into phosphatidylethanolamine), and depletion of glutathione in the ipsilateral cortex. Postinjury administration of baicalein attenuated oxidation of arachidonic/adrenic acid-containing-phosphatidylethanolamine, decreased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling positive cells in the hippocampus, and improved spatial memory acquisition versus vehicle.Conclusions:Biomarkers of ferroptotic death were increased after traumatic brain injury. Baicalein decreased ferroptotic phosphatidylethanolamine oxidation and improved outcome after controlled cortical impact, suggesting that 15-lipoxygenase pathway might be a valuable therapeutic target after traumatic brain injury.