bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing coating on the gas permeability of mortar
Authors: Zhang Yiteng , Zuo Lian , Yang Jinchao , Cai Xi'nan , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiangxiong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study presents an experimental investigation in the effect of cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing (CCCW) coating on the gas permeability of mortar and the mechanism how the gas permeability is affected. The gas permeability coefficient of mortar coated with or without CCCW material was measured through modified Cembureau method. The pore structure, micromorphology and hydration products of cement paste with or without CCCW coating were analyzed by the means of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), scanning electron microscopy‐energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC). The results showed that under the effect of CCCW coating, the gas permeability of mortar got decreased and the pore structure changed towards smaller pore sizes. SEM‐EDS results exhibited that there was a large amount of ettringite filling in the pores in the paste with CCCW coating. XRD and TG‐DSC analysis indicated that there was more calcium carbonate formed in the paste with CCCW coating than blank paste. The formation of ettringite in pores and increased calcium carbonate production refines the pore size distribution and densifies the cement matrix, which induces the decrease in gas permeability of mortar coated with CCCW material.
A note on the stability of the Swedish Phillips curve
Authors: Karlsson Sune , Österholm Pär 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe use Bayesian techniques to estimate bivariate VAR models for Swedish unemployment rate and inflation. Employing quarterly data from 1995Q1 to 2018Q3 and new tools for model selection, we compare models with time-varying parameters and/or stochastic volatility to specifications with constant parameters and/or covariance matrix. The evidence in favour of a stable dynamic relationship between the unemployment rate and inflation is mixed. Model selection based on marginal likelihood calculations indicates that the relation is time varying, whereas the use of the deviance information criterion suggests that it is constant over time; we do, however, note consistent evidence in favour of stochastic volatility. An out-of-sample forecast exercise is also conducted, but similarly provides mixed evidence regarding which model to favour. Importantly though, even if time-varying parameters are allowed for, our results do not suggest that the Phillips curve has been flatter in more recent years. This finding thereby questions the explanation that a flatter Phillips curve is the cause of the low inflation that Sweden has experienced in recent year.
Correction to: Tactile Comfort Prediction of Functional Fabrics from Instrumental Data Using Intelligence Systems
Authors: Tadesse Melkie Getnet , Chen Yan , Wang Lichuan , Nierstrasz Vincent , Loghin Carmen 
Published: July 2019

The article Tactile Comfort Prediction of Functional Fabrics from Instrumental Data Using Intelligence Systems, written by Melkie Getnet Tadesse, Yan Chen, Lichuan Wang, Vincent Nierstrasz, and Carmen Loghin, was erroneously originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 15 February 2019 without open access. After publication this was corrected and the copyright of the article changed in April 2019 to © The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
The original article has been corrected.
Is increased “stay away from bed” time associated with improved clinical rehabilitation outcomes in Japanese rehabilitation hospitals? A prospective observational study and clinical practice
Authors: Murayama Ichiro , Asai Tsuyoshi , Misu Shogo , Yamauchi Masaya , Miura Azumi , Ikemura Takeshi , Takehisa Takahiro , Takehisa Yozo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
A comprehensive team approach for increasing stay away from bed time (SaB-time) called CASaB was conducted at multiple rehabilitation hospitals.

Aims
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between SaB-time and clinical rehabilitation outcomes (CROs) before introducing CASaB (observational phase), and comparing CROs before and after CASaB (CASaB phase).

Methods
This prospective observational study included patients who were admitted to nine rehabilitation hospitals, with complete data. The final analysis included 197/229 patients in the observation phase, and 229/256 patients in the CASaB phase. We first tested whether SaB-time was positively associated with CROs in an observational study, then compared CROs before and after CASaB.

Results
In the observation phase, longer SaB-time was significantly associated with greater rehabilitation efficiency (REy) after adjusting for confounders (standardized β = 0.20, p = 0.007). In a comparison of CROs before and after CASaB, the length of hospital stay during the CASaB phase was significantly shorter than during the observational phase (61.5, 57.6–65.4 days vs 75.6, 71.4–79.9 days, p < 0.001), and the REy after CASaB was significantly greater than that before the CASaB (0.38, 0.33–0.42/day vs 0.28, 0.25–0.33/day, p = 0.006).

Discussion
The current results suggest that increasing SaB-time may help the recovery of functional abilities, particularly for patients in rehabilitation hospitals.

Conclusions
The CASaB provides a method for improving the recovery efficiency of patients in rehabilitation hospitals.
Early neurological complications in children with classical galactosemia and p.gln188arg mutation
Authors: Özgün Nezir , Celik Muhittin , Akdeniz Osman , Ozbek Mehmet Nuri , Bulbul Ali , Anlar Banu 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundDespite implementation of a controlled diet, children with classical galactosemia (CG) may develop a variety of developmental and cognitive problems. In this study, we examined the early developmental status of, as well as the neurological and neuroradiological findings for, children with CG.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 46 galactosemia patients who were followed between 2003 and 2017. We included those who exhibited CG and p.gln188arg homozygous mutation without concomitant disease and who had undergone detailed neurological examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Denver II developmental testing.ResultsThe mean ages at the time of the most recent neurological examination and Denver II testing were 48.5 ± 28.5 months and 34.4 ± 18.2 months, respectively. Developmental delay was defined as developmental age ≥ 20% lower than chronological age. The results were normal in 25 patients and delayed ≥ 20% in least in one domain, primarily in language development, in 21 patients. Brain MRI was abnormal in 22 patients.ConclusionsThis analysis of the youngest children with the same genetic mutation reported thus far showed that, despite treatment, developmental delays and abnormalities on brain MRI may begin at an early age.
IS CLASS VOTING EMERGENT IN KOREA?
Authors: Lee Yoonkyung , You Jong-sung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe absence of class voting or the existence of “reverse” class voting under rising inequality remains a puzzling question in South Korea. While poor voters seem to support conservative candidates more than the rich do, this is due to a confounding effect of age, because poverty is concentrated among the elderly in Korea. Using the Korean General Social Survey data (KGSS 2004–2014) covering two presidential elections, two general legislative elections, and two nationwide local elections, we find that Koreans, in particular the poor electorate, engage in class voting in both objective and subjective terms. While regional and generational cleavages continue to be the most important determinants of partisan competition, class by income levels as well as subjective identity significantly impact vote choice when age is adequately controlled for.
14C-Dating of the Late Bronze Age City of Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus: Status Report
Authors: Wild Eva M , Fischer Peter M , Steier Peter , Bürge Teresa 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTHala Sultan Tekke is a large Bronze Age city located on the southeastern littoral of Cyprus. The city flourished from approximately 1650 BC to 1150 BC according to the archaeological evidence. Since 2010, Swedish excavations have exposed four new city quarters (CQ1–4) with three occupational phases, the 14C dating of which is of highest importance also for other contemporaneous cultures. The finds demonstrate vast intercultural connections in the Mediterranean and even with southern Scandinavia. In 2014, roughly 500 m to the east of CQ1, one of the richest cemeteries on the island was discovered. According to the archaeological evidence, the finds from the city date mainly to the 13th and 12th centuries BC. However, many of the wealthy tombs and the offering pits from the cemetery are considerably older with the oldest finds dating to the 16th century BC. This raises the question where the city quarters belonging to the oldest finds from the cemetery are situated. The radiocarbon (14C) dates from Hala Sultan Tekke have much influence on the dating of related sites because of numerous imports from a vast area. We present here new 14C data obtained in the course of the current excavations, which add to sets of already existing data.
Social motivation in children with autism: Support from attachment research
Authors: Oppenheim David , Koren-Karie Nina , Joels Tirtsa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We provide support from attachment research to the argument that children with autism only appear to lack social motivation. This research has shown that the attachment system of children with autism is intact, and one-half form secure attachments. This is illustrated with an observation of a young child with autism during a separation and reunion observation with his mother.
Being socially uninterested versus not having social prediction skills: The impact of multisensory integration deficits on social skills in autism
Authors: Riva Giuseppe , Di Lernia Daniele , Dakanalis Antonios 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Jaswal & Akhtar in their target article convincingly argue that subjects with autism do not have diminished social motivation. However, they still recognize that autistic people behave socially in an unusual way. Why? Here we suggest that these behaviours are the results of a multisensory integration deficit. Viewed from this perspective, the assumption that autistic people's unusual behaviours indicate diminished social motivation has to be replaced by the one that they have diminished social prediction skills.
Have we outgrown the reduced social motivation theory of autism?
Authors: Gillespie-Lynch Kristen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Although refreshing, Jaswal & Akhtar's critique of the reduced social motivation theory omits reference to Asperger's work and to changes in the diagnostic criteria over time. I situate the theory in the historical contexts that shaped – and eventually contradicted – it to highlight its dehumanizing aspects while emphasizing that critiques should be rooted in recognition of the diversity of the spectrum.
Autistics appear different, but also are different, and this should be valued
Authors: Dawson Michelle , Cowen Tyler 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We agree that autistics’ unusual overt behaviors don't necessarily mean reduced social motivation. But Jaswal & Akhtar maintain that, while autistics may appear socially uninterested, their social interest is in fact typical and indeed must be to avoid multiple poor outcomes. This problematic idealization of social typicality deflects attention from important differences in autistic cognition and interests, which should be valued.
Cross-Jurisdictional Trade and Contract Enforcement in Qing China
Authors: Dykstra Maura 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article argues that claims about the different economic trajectories of early modern Europe and late imperial China have incorrectly focused on the importance of formal contract enforcement mechanisms. As a first step toward more productive conversations about the history of economic development across world regions, this article provides a look at the factors in the development of the late imperial Chinese economy that led to the emergence of contract enforcement mechanisms not based on codified contract law. Several case studies from the Qing dynasty Chongqing archives are presented to illustrate how the mechanisms of contract enforcement operated.
Halauxifen-methyl preplant intervals and environmental conditions in soybean
Authors: Zimmer Marcelo , Young Bryan G. , Johnson William G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSynthetic-auxin herbicides are often applied for horseweed control before soybean planting. However, certain days of planting interval must be maintained before soybean planting, depending on the product and rate used, because of potential crop phytotoxicity. Halauxifen-methyl is a new synthetic-auxin herbicide for horseweed control in preplant applications in soybean. Field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Indiana to evaluate soybean phytotoxicity in response to applications of halauxifen-methyl (5 g ae ha−1) at five preplant intervals (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks before planting [WBP]). In 2015, soybean phytotoxicity was not observed for any of the preplant intervals at any of the sites. In 2016, 0% to 15% phytotoxicity was observed at 14 d after planting (DAP) when halauxifen-methyl was applied at planting, 1 WBP, and 2 WBP at different sites. Soybean phytotoxicity was expressed in the unifoliate leaves only at 14 DAP. However, the first trifoliate did not show any injury symptoms at 21 DAP from any preplant application timing. Preplant application intervals for halauxifen-methyl did not affect soybean stand counts or grain yield in any site-year. Therefore, field results indicated that halauxifen-methyl applied alone can cause slight soybean phytotoxicity in preplant applications. In growth-chamber bioassays, reductions in soybean biomass, plant length, and emergence were accentuated at 30 C, compared with 20 or 15 C, when halauxifen-methyl was applied at 20 or 40 g ae ha−1. These results contradict the currently held paradigm in which lower temperatures generally increase crop phytotoxicity levels to herbicide soil residual.
The Microphysics of Stratiform Precipitation During OLYMPEX: Compatibility Between Triple‐Frequency Radar and Airborne In Situ Observations
Authors: Tridon Frédéric , Battaglia Alessandro , Chase Randy J. , Turk F. Joseph , Leinonen Jussi , Kneifel Stefan , Mroz Kamil , Finlon Joseph , Bansemer Aaron , Tanelli Simone , Heymsfield Andrew J. , Nesbitt Stephen W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe link between stratiform precipitation microphysics and multifrequency radar observables is thoroughly investigated by exploiting simultaneous airborne radar and in situ observations collected from two aircraft during the OLYMPEX/RADEX (Olympic Mountain Experiment/Radar Definition Experiment 2015) field campaign. Above the melting level, in situ images and triple‐frequency radar signatures both indicate the presence of moderately rimed aggregates. Various mass‐size relationships of ice particles and snow scattering databases are used to compute the radar reflectivity from the in situ particle size distribution. At Ku and Ka band, the best agreement with radar observations is found when using the self‐similar Rayleigh‐Gans approximation for moderately rimed aggregates. At W band, a direct comparison is challenging because of the non‐Rayleigh effects and of the probable attenuation due to ice aggregates and supercooled liquid water between the two aircraft. A variational method enables the retrieval of the full precipitation profile above and below the melting layer, by combining the observations from the three radars. Even with three radar frequencies, the retrieval of rain properties is challenging over land, where the integrated attenuation is not available. Otherwise, retrieved mean volume diameters and water contents of both solid and liquid precipitation are in agreement with in situ observations and indicate local changes of the degree of riming of ice aggregates, on the scale of 5 km. Finally, retrieval results are analyzed to explore the validity of using continuity constraints on the water mass flux and diameter within the melting layer in order to improve retrievals of ice properties.
Importance of Surface Roughness for the Local Biogeophysical Effects of Deforestation
Authors: Winckler J. , Reick C. H. , Bright R. M. , Pongratz J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDeforestation influences surface properties such as surface roughness, resulting in changes in the surface energy balance and surface temperature. Recent studies suggest that the biogeophysical effects are dominated by changing roughness, and it remains unclear whether this can be reconciled with earlier modeling studies that highlighted the importance of a reduction of evapotranspiration in the low latitudes and a reduction of net shortwave radiation at the surface in the high latitudes. To clarify this situation, we analyze the local effects of deforestation on surface energy balance and temperature in the MPI‐ESM climate model by performing three separate experiments: switching from forest to grass all surface properties, only surface albedo, and only surface roughness. We find that the locally induced changes in surface temperature are dominated by changes in surface roughness for the annual mean, the response of the diurnal amplitude, and the seasonal response to deforestation. For these three quantities, the results of the MPI‐ESM lie within the range of observation‐based data sets. Deforestation‐induced decreases in surface roughness contribute substantially to winter cooling in the boreal regions and to decreases in evapotranspiration in the tropics. By comparing the energy balance decompositions from the three experiments, the view that roughness changes dominate the biogeophysical consequences of deforestation can be reconciled with the earlier studies highlighting the relevance of evapotranspiration.
Comment on “U.S. Urban Water Prices: Cheaper When Drier” by Ian H. Luby, Stephen Polasky, and Deborah L. Swackhamer
Authors: Switzer David , Teodoro Manuel P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, Luby, Polasky, and Swackhamer come to the provocative conclusion that urban water prices in the United States are “cheaper when drier.” They also argue that utilities fail to provide affordable water and that they charge less for “additional” use compared to “essential” use. We challenge these claims. While the authors correctly point out the many challenges that utilities face in supplying affordable water while meeting conservation and revenue goals, there are serious flaws in their measures of price, scarcity, and affordability. These measurement problems lead the authors to incorrect conclusions about water pricing in the United States. Using improved measures of price and water scarcity, we find little statistical relationship between the marginal price of water/sewer services and scarcity. Our findings cast doubt on Luby et al.'s findings and point to important avenues for future research.
On the response of Martian Ionosphere to the Passage of a Corotating Interaction Region: MAVEN Observations
Authors: Krishnaprasad C. , Thampi Smitha V. , Bhardwaj Anil 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe response of Martian ionosphere to the passage of corotating interaction region (CIR) of June 2015 is studied using observations from several instruments aboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission. An intense CIR arrived at Mars on 22 June 2015, during which the upstream solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions were monitored by the Solar Wind Ion Analyzer (SWIA), Solar Wind Electron Analyzer (SWEA), Solar Energetic Particle (SEP), and Magnetometer (MAG) instruments aboard MAVEN. The CIR event was characterized by enhancements in solar wind density, velocity, and dynamic pressure, and increased and fluctuating interplanetary magnetic field and was associated with enhanced fluxes of Solar Energetic Particles. The Langmuir Probe and Waves (LPW) instrument onboard MAVEN provided the ionospheric observations such as electron density and electron temperature during this period. The dayside ionosphere is significantly compressed only near the peak of solar wind dynamic pressure enhancement (∼14 nPa). In contrast, on the nightside, the electron density remains depleted for a longer period of time. The electron temperatures are also enhanced during the period of electron depletion on the nightside. The Suprathermal and Thermal Ion Composition (STATIC) measurements show enhanced fluxes of suprathermal heavy ions in the Martian exosphere during CIR period, and evidences for enhanced tailward flow of these pickup ions. The analysis suggests that the nightside ionosphere is primarily controlled by the precipitating Solar Energetic Particles and pickup ions transported across the Martian terminator and depletes significantly when the heavy ion flux in the exosphere enhances.
Particulate Backscattering Ratio as an Indicator of Changing Particle Composition in Coastal Waters: Observations From Great Barrier Reef Waters
Authors: Soja‐Woźniak Monika , Baird Mark , Schroeder Thomas , Qin Yi , Clementson Lesley , Baker Brett , Boadle David , Brando Vittorio , Steven Andy D. L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractParticle scattering is an important process that determines both the light penetration through the water column and water‐leaving light. Backscattering, in combination with absorption, determines the remote‐sensing reflectance that is used in ocean color algorithms. Additionally, the wavelength dependence of the backscattering ratio can be related to the particle composition in seawater. Here, we examine the magnitude and the spectral behavior of the backscattering ratio against other bio‐optical properties based on a comprehensive set of continuous measurements collected in coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef over 3 years. The site is located offshore of a major river, and close to the cross‐shelf transition of bottom sediments from terrigenous muds to marine carbonates. The backscattering ratio measured at 650 nm clearly clustered the data into two types. Type 1, which we identified as terrigenous mud with a low organic fraction, is characterized by backscattering ratio below 0.011 with a mean value of 0.005. Type 2, which we identified as marine carbonate with a higher organic fraction, has backscattering ratio above 0.011 with a mean value of 0.02. Within 3 years, study site was exposed to type 1‐dominated particles 13% of the time, and type 2 87%. The observed changes in the backscattering ratio at this one coastal site are as large as the variability seen throughout the global ocean. This work provides a better understanding of processes determining the optical characteristics and insights into optical parameterizations that can be used in process‐based optical modeling of the Great Barrier Reef.