bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
İçbatı Anadolu’da Kutsal Bir Dağ: Murat Dağı (Dindymos)
Authors: OY Harun 
Published: January 2019

Murat Dağı İçbatı Anadolu’da yer alan önemli bir dağdır. Kütahya ve Uşak
illeri arasında bulunan Murat Dağı’ndan antikçağ yazarları kutsal sayılan
Dindymos dağı olarak söz etmektedir. Murat Dağı, Phryg tanrıçası Kybele’nin
(Magna Mater, Kutsal Ana) dağıdır. Batı Anadolu’nun önemli nehirlerinden olan
Gediz nehrinin (Hermos) kaynağı Murat Dağı’ndan çıkmaktadır. Antikçağdaki
öneminin yanı sıra prehistorik dönemlerde de bulunduğu bölgede önemli olan bir
dağdır. Batı Anadolu’daki konumu nedeniyle Afyonkarahisar, Kütahya ve Uşak
coğrafyasında ulaşımı etkilemektedir. Antikçağda Susa’dan başlayıp Sardeis’e
kadar uzanan “Kral Yolu” Murat Dağı’nın güneyinden geçmektedir. Antikçağ
kentlerinden Aizanoi (Çavdarhisar), Kadoi (Gediz), Uşak (Temenouthyrai),
Akmonia (Ahatköy-Banaz) gibi önemli kentler arasındaki bağlantılar Murat
Dağı’nın etrafından geçerek sağlanmaktadır. Bulunduğu coğrafyayı, kentleri,
insanları etkilemiş ve bölgesinde kutsal kabul edilmiş bir dağdır. Günümüzde de
zengin orman varlığıyla beraber, Gediz, Büyük Menderes, Sakarya gibi önemli
nehirleri besleyen su kaynakları Murat Dağı’ndan çıkmaktadır.
Public water supply and sanitation policies and inclusive development of the urban poor in Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Raquel , Gupta Joyeeta , Pouw Nicky R. M. , Schwartz Klaas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPoorly designed policies jeopardise ecosystems and their services and the expansion of basic services to vulnerable populations. In the water and sanitation (WatSan) sector, inadequate access of the urban poor to formal and public drinking water supply and sanitation services (WSS) calls for more inclusive policies. Inclusive development (ID) has social, environmental and relational dimensions. However, there is little research on operationalising ID dimensions in WatSan policy discourse analysis. Hence, this paper addresses: How can we elaborate on indicators for inclusive WatSan policies? How can these be applied to assess the design of Brazilian WatSan policies? It examines the literature on ID and WatSan, develops and applies an analytical framework with six indicators to assess ID in WSS through policy analysis: access to minimum WSS; access to WSS even if the urban poor do not have formal housing; domestic wastewater collection/treatment; water availability; participation; and WSS subsidies for low-income people. Comparison between two Brazilian WatSan policies shows that the current WatSan law scores higher on ID than the previous law but neglects key aspects of social, environmental and relational ID dimensions. The selected indicators were useful to operationalise ID in WatSan policy discourse analysis and can boost policy design assessment elsewhere.
The weak data on the water–energy nexus in Spain
Authors: Sesma-Martín Diego , Rubio-Varas M. d. Mar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the fact that the water–energy nexus remains an irrelevant issue on the energy policy agenda and on the priorities of the energy leaders in Spain. This is a striking fact given that this takes place in the most arid country in Europe, where almost two-thirds of electricity generation would have to be halted in the absence of an adequate water supply. We contend that part of the explanation may lie in the lack of official statistics and inconsistent sources of information on the water–energy nexus in Spain. To illustrate this point, we provide examples of the uneven data available for one of the most intensive freshwater users in the thermoelectric sector in Spain: nuclear power plants. Our research demonstrates the need for improved indicators as policy instruments in the water–energy nexus in Spain since it is impossible to improve what cannot be measured.
KIAI PESANTREN DAN PEMIKIRANNYA TENTANG NUSYUZ (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN JEMBER)
Authors: Ikrom Mohamad 
Published: January 2019

Kiai Pesantren tidak sekadar guru. Ia juga menjadi tempat berkeluh kesah semuapersoalan masyarakat. Termasuk dalam masalah perkawinan. Termasuk dalampersoalan perkawinan. Salah satu persoalan itu adalah tentang nusyuz. Nusyuzseringkali ditimpakan pada seorang perempuan (istri) yang seringkali meninggalkanpersoalan relasi gender. Penelitian lapangan ini memotret pandangan Kiai Pesantren diJember Jawa Timur tentang nusyuz. Penelitian kualitatif ini menemukan bahwakefariatifan berfikir Kiaia dapat dilihat dari cara-cara mereka berpendapat yangkemudian oleh peneliti dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Bayani, Qiyasi,Istislahi. Dan dari hasil analisis tersebut ditemukan dua metode istinbath yangdigunakan oleh para kiai Jember, yaitu; istinbath bayani dan istinbath istislahi. Terkaitdengan adanya penafsiran ayat nusyuz, penelitian ini menemukan dua corak penafsiranyaitu (1) corak penafsiran tekstual yang terekam lewat kekakuan mereka ketikamenafsirkan ayat nusyuz, dan lebih menitik beratkan kepada kekuasaan seorang suamiuntuk melakukan sebuah tindakan kepada seorang istri. (2) corak penafsirankontekstual terlihat lewat penafsiran mereka yang lebih cenderung kepada pengkajianulang terhadap ayat-ayat nusyuz sehingga terkesan bahwa nusyuz tidak hanya dimilikioleh istri. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya pro dan kontra terhadap pemikiran nusyuzyang lebih humanis.Head of boarding school (Kiai Pesantren) is not just a teacher. He also became a place tocomplain about all the problems of the community. Included in the issue of marriage. Includedin the issue of marriage. One of the problems is about Nusyuz. Nusyuz is often inflicted on awoman (wife) who often leaves the issue of gender relations. This field research portrays theviews of Kiai Islamic Boarding Schools in Jember, East Java, about Nusyuz. This qualitativeresearch found that the effectiveness of Kiaia's thinking can be seen from the ways they arguedthat the researchers then analyzed it using the Bayani, Qiyasi, Istislahi method. And from theresults of the analysis found two istinbath methods used by the Jember scholars, namely;istinbath bayani and istinbath istislahi. In connection with the interpretation of the nusyuzverse, this study found two interpretive features, namely (1) the style of textual interpretation recorded through their rigidity when interpreting the verse nusyuz, and more focused on thepower of a husband to take an action to a wife. (2) the style of contextual interpretation can beseen through their interpretation which is more inclined to a reassessment of the nusyuz versesso that it seems that nusyuz is not only owned by the wife. This is due to the existence of prosand cons of the more humanistic thoughts of Nusyuz.
PENANAMAN KESADARAN SEJARAH DAN SIKAP NASIONALISME DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI SMA NEGERI 2 BANGGAI
Authors: Lamato Sinyo A 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: The purpose of the research is to reveal: (1) the reality of historical learning at SMAN 2 Banggai during this time, (2) to know the history of teacher efforts to create awareness of history and nationalism in historical learning at SMA Negeri 2 Banggai, and (3) to know constraints of the history teacher embed the a sense of history and nationalism at SMA Negeri 2 Banggai. The approach method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The results showed : (a) learning based on KTSP in SMA 2 Banggai and teachers use varied methods and appropriate media learning materials, (b) instill a sense of history and nationalism in learning history through: (1) approach to students, (2) cultivating history for the development of national culture, (3) teachers more use varied learning methods, (4) implement activities of PPBN, (5) efforts to instill a sense of pride as a nation of Indonesia. Constraints history of teachers instill a sense of history and nationalism in learning history that (1) professionalism of teachers history, (2) limited allocation of time history lesson, (3)lLearning facilities and infrastructure, (4) the attitude of the students in the learning process, (5) the development of communication tools. Keywords: awareness of history, nationalism, historical learning
PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH MELALUI METODE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DENGAN MEDIA MONOPOLI PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X IPS 2 SMA NEGERI 1 GODEAN
Authors: Suryadinata Yermia Rendy 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis study aims to (1) find out how to improve learning activeness of students of class X IPS 2 SMA Negeri 1 Godean in learning history through Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method with monopoly media, (2) to know the advantages of application of Teams Games Tournament (TGT) with the monopoly media on the students of class X IPS 2 SMAN 1 Godean. This study is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) which occurs 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, execution, observation, and reflection. Technique of collecting data obtained through observation, questionnaire and also research note. Data analysis uses qualitative analysis that includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that (1) Application of Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method with monopoly media can improve the learner activity of class X IPS 1 SMAN 1 Godean. Increased activity in the first cycle of 15.6% occurred from 59.55% to 75.15%. The increase in cycle II of 6.29% occurred from 75.15% to 81.44%. The advantages of applying the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method with the monopoly media include learners more actively in learning, raising the responsibility of learners to groups and themselves, and training cooperation with other students.Keywords: liveliness, learners, methods, teams games tournament (tgt).
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH BERBASIS GOOGLE FORMULIR DI SMA N 1 PRAMBANAN
Authors: Purwati Dwi , Nugroho Alifi Nur Prasetia 
Published: January 2019

The research aimed to find out: (1) to produce history evaluation media based on google form; (2) know the level the effectiveness of google form as a evaluation teaching history in SMA N 1 Prambanan. This research use research and development method which adapted with the design development ADDIE; (1) analysis model; (2) design model; (3) development; (4) implementation; and (5) evaluation. The study population was high school in SMA N 1 Prambanan. The instruments that used to collect the data were observation sheets, interview and test achievement. The research result showed that History media evaluation based on Google Form in History with feasibility level according to the assessment by material experts was obtained by 79,8% which was category of feasible, assessment by media experts was obtained by 78,5% which was category of feasible, and assessment by learning experts was obtained by 86,3% which was category of very feasible. The limited trial result obtained percentage by 86,3% which was category of very feasible. The result of extensive trial obtained percentage by 83,6% which was category of very feasible. Keyword: Google form, media evaluation, history
SAKRALISASI PEMBUKAAN UUD 1945
Authors: Pambudi Wahyu 
Published: January 2019

Pembukaan Undang-undang Dasar 1945 telah lama di anggap sebagai staatsidee, dan oleh karenanya tidak boleh dirubah, merubahnya berarti merubah dasar negara. Namun kejanggalan-kejanggalan yang terdapat dalam Pembukaan Undang-undang Dasar itu menimbulkan beberapa pertanyaan dalam artikel ini, antara lain: (1) Bagaimanakah Staatsidee Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia? (2) Bagaimanakah kejanggalan-kejanggalan Pembukaan UUD Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia? (3) Bagaimanakah kemungkinan amandemen terhadap Pembukaan UUD Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia? Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah studi literatur, yaitu mencari sumber-sumber dari buku-buku yang relevan dengan topik yang dibahas. Selain itu, digunakan juga sumber internet sebagai referensi penunjang yang melengkapi sumber-sumber kepustakaan. Kesimpulan yang didapat antara lain: Pertama, Staatsidee Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia tidak terdapat dalam Proklamasi, melainkan dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Namun demikian itu tidak serta merta menjadi alasan bahwa Pembukaan itu sakral karena mengandung staatsidee, karena perubahan atau amandemen terhadapnya telah dijamin dalam Undang-Undan Dasar. Kedua, Kejanggalan-kejanggalan Pembukaan UUD Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia antara lain terdapat ambigu tentang pernyataan kemerdekaan antara pada Proklamasi atau Pembukaan UUD 1945. Kejanggalan yang lain adalah inkonsistensi penggunaan kata Allah dan Tuhan. Kejanggalan selanjutnya adalah panggantian terhadap naskah pembukaan UUD sehingga berarti pula penggantian terhadap staatsidee yaitu Pancasila. Ketiga, Amandemen terhadap Pembukaan UUD Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia adalah kemungkinan yang rasional dan berlandaskan hukum. Sebaliknya pengsakralan terhadapnya adalah sebuah mitos yang tidak berdasar hukum. Kejanggalan pembukaan UUD 1945 dan kemungkinan tuntutan zaman yang berbeda seharusnya memungkinkan untuk tetap memberikan peluang terhadap Amandemen UUD, termasuk didalamnya adalah Pembukaan. Kata kunci: Staatsidee, Amandemen UUD
THE REINFORCEMENT OF THE CHARACTER VALUES IN THE HISTORY SUBJECT AT SMA NEGERI 1 KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hardhi Titan Rohkmutiana , Sudrajat Ajat 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis research aimed to identify and describe the way reinforce of the character values were being taught in the history subject at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Yogyakarta. This research was a naturalistic qualitative research. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data trustworthinnes was enhanced by source triangulation. The techniques used to analyse the data were the Miles and Hubberman model which consisted of data reduction, data display, and data verification. The result of the research showed that were three methods were used in the reinforcement of the character values i.e. leading by examples, habituation, and mechanism of the appreciation and sanctions. (a) Leading by examples were earned on teachers and advice of history itself; (b) habituation was done by conditioning the students while doing tasks and discussions; and (c) the mechanism of appreciation and sanction is contained in the learning contract, aiming for students to be motivated and maximize reinforcement. Meanwhile reinforcement that done in learning should be positive reinforcement. Keyword: history subject, character values, reinforcement of the character values.
DEVELOPING ANDROID-BASED HISTORYTOON MEDIA FOR HISTORY LEARNING
Authors: Rahandinasari Septia 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIn the present era, advances in technology and communication are growing rapidly, especially in the field of education, it is necessary to develop learning media based on information and communication technology. The development of instructional media must be in accordance with the purpose of learning, but it is also the learning media that can make the students are educated to be independent in accordance with the teacher's direction. This study aims to develop historical learning media as an online comic reading service. Currently researchers are using Historytoon to create a formative involving high school students in Yogyakarta. Based on the testing of the learning media, it can produce a decent historical learning media and can improve the understanding of the material of the National Movement of Indonesia class XI SMA. Keywords: Historytoon media, Android, History Learning
THE HISTORY OF THOUGHT: PHILOSOPHY IN THE VIEW OF MUSLIM PHILOSOPHERS OF THE MIDDLE AGES
Authors: Pratama Febta 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACK This research tries to see how the development of Muslim scholarship and travel, especially in the field of philosophy. Describes how the philosophers studied then develop and spread the knowledge gained. The method used is the method of history that consists of four phases i.e. heuristics, critique, interpretation, and historiography. The results showed that there was already a Muslim scholarly tradition since the time of the prophetic. The entry of Muslim civilization to the philosophy starts when the emergence of scientific groups such as the Al Khawarijh, Muta'zillah, and Ahl Sunnah Wal Jammaah. The tradition of science especially philosophy started by a civilization of Islam since the fall of Byzantium and rebuilding of Bait Al Hikmah as a place to translate books from Greece. Then the Muslim tradition of scientific philosophy continued by Muslim figures and also philosophers such as Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, Al Farabi. It is these philosophers who developed a philosophy of science especially become the reference of Western philosophers in afterwards.Keyword. Philosophy, Philosophers, Muslim
Weight Loss Following Use of a Smartphone Food Photo Feature: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ben Neriah Daniela , Geliebter Allan 
Published: January 2019

Background
Tracking of dietary intake is key to enhancing weight loss. Mobile apps may be useful for tracking food intake and can provide feedback about calories and nutritional value. Recent technological developments have enabled image recognition to identify foods and track food intake.

Objective
We aimed to determine the effectiveness of using photography as a feature of a smartphone weight loss app to track food intake in adults who were overweight or obese.

Methods
We analyzed data from individuals (age, 18-65 years; body mass index≥25 kg/m2; ≥4 days of logged food intake; and ≥2 weigh-ins) who used a mobile-based weight loss app. In a retrospective study, we compared those who used the photo feature (n=9871) and those who did not use the feature (n=113,916). Linear regression analyses were used to assess use of the photo feature in relation to percent weight loss.

Results
Weight loss was greater in the group using the photo feature (Δ=0.14%; 95% CI 0.06-0.22; P<.001). The photo feature group used the weight loss app for a longer duration (+3.5 days; 95% CI 2.61-4.37; P<.001) and logged their food intake on more days (+6.1 days; 95% CI 5.40-6.77; P<.001) than the nonusers. Mediation analysis showed that the weight loss effect was absent when controlling for either duration or number of logged days in the program.

Conclusions
This study was the first to examine the effect of a food photo feature to track food intake on weight loss in a free-living setting. Use of photo recognition was associated with greater weight loss, which was mediated by the duration of app use and number of logged days in the program.
Multi-gene assays: effect on chemotherapy use, toxicity and cost in estrogen receptor-positive early stage breast cancer
Authors: Hochheiser Lou , Hornberger John , Turner Michelle , Lyman Gary H 
Published: January 2019

Aim:
To assess multi-gene assay (MGA) effects on chemotherapy use, toxicities, recurrences, and costs in estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer.
Methods:
Meta-analysis performed using data from public databases.
Results:
Studies included 12,202 women. Relative to no testing, chemotherapy use was higher with 12-gene and 70-gene and lower with PAM50 (commercial) and 21-gene MGAs. Overall, 1643 distant recurrences occurred with no testing, declining by 231 (21-gene), 121 (70-gene), 54 (12-gene) and 94 (PAM50); only the 21-gene assay resulted in no risk of increasing the number of distant recurrences. Relative to ‘no testing’, total cost of care declined only with 21-gene MGA.
Conclusion:
MGAs differ in chemotherapy use and related outcomes for women with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer.
Calidad de los problemas de ABP. Evidencia de validez de un instrumento
Authors: García Rivera Rocío Carolina , Martínez González Adrián 
Published: January 2019

Introducción: En el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) la calidad de estos es crucial para la adquisición e integración de conocimientos. Sin embargo, existen pocos instrumentos con evidencias de validez para medirla.
Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento para evaluar la calidad de los problemas de ABP, obteniendo las fuentes de evidencia de validez del uso del mismo.
Método: El instrumento fue desarrollado sobre la base de la revisión de la literatura. Se obtuvieron evidencias de validez de acuerdo con los Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, específicamente fuentes de evidencia de validez de contenido, proceso de respuesta, estructura interna y consecuencias de la prueba. El instrumento se sometió a evaluación por jueces y se calculó el nivel de acuerdo con la prueba Kappa de Fleiss. Para conocer las características psicométricas del instrumento, se realizó análisis de discriminación de los reactivos empleado la prueba t de Student; para identificar la estructura interna de la prueba se empleó un análisis factorial exploratorio y se calculó el alfa de Cronbach como estadístico de consistencia interna.
Resultados: El índice Kappa obtenido para los 24 reactivos fue de 0.45 hasta 1. La t de Student obtuvo valores de significación bilateral de 0.000. El análisis de factorial exploratorio con rotación Varimax extrajo 6 factores que aportan una varianza explicada de 83.08%. La versión final del instrumento quedó constituida por 20 reactivos con alfa de Cronbach total de la escala de 0.97.
Conclusión: Este instrumento cuenta con suficientes evidencias de validez para ser aplicado para evaluar la calidad de los problemas de ABP. Además, los 6 factores descritos amplían el alcance de la medición de los instrumentos existentes. Y permite detectar las fortalezas, debilidades y aportar sugerencias desde la perspectiva de los alumnos y profesores.
La rúbrica en la evaluación de presentaciones de casos clínicos: valoraciones de estudiantes de odontología
Authors: Urias Barreras Cynthia Marina , Rodríguez Carlota Leticia , Zárate Depraect Nikell Esmeralda 
Published: January 2019

Introducción: Evaluar el desempeño en un modelo educativo basado en competencias requiere la clarificación de los criterios de evaluación, como orientación a la mejora del proceso formativo. En este sentido, en el estado del arte se identifica a la rúbrica como un instrumento de evaluación que permite un proceso más objetivo y transparente, facilita la evaluación de competencias y, desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes, mejora su desempeño.
Objetivo: Analizar el impacto en las valoraciones que los estudiantes dan al uso de una rúbrica para evaluar presentaciones de casos clínicos.
Método: Se realizó un estudio de enfoque mixto a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas y abiertas, dirigido a estudiantes del segundo semestre de odontología, con comparaciones por turno y género.
Resultados: Los estudiantes valoraron positivamente el uso de la rúbrica en su aprendizaje (en su mayoría del turno matutino [62.5%] y del género femenino [62%]); en su evaluación (principalmente del turno matutino [63.8%] y sin diferencia significativa entre el género femenino [56.3%] y masculino [55.3%]); y en la realización de la tarea (mayormente del turno matutino [63.8%] y del género femenino [62%]). Asimismo, la mayoría de los estudiantes de ambos turnos destacó como benéfico que la rúbrica otorgó transparencia en la evaluación, ya que permitió que fuera más objetiva y ayudó a comprender las cualidades que el trabajo debía poseer.
Conclusiones: La evaluación a través de la rúbrica clarifica los criterios de evaluación, y según la opinión de los estudiantes, orienta la calidad en su desempeño. Dado que la formación profesional del odontólogo exige en gran medida la demostración de habilidades prácticas, es importante el uso de la rúbrica en la evaluación ya que promueve el perfeccionamiento de la ejecución y fomenta la autoevaluación y autorregulación.