bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English Participle Constructions
Authors: Cowper Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article provides an analysis of participial constructions in English, within the feature-checking approach to inflectional morphology. It argues for a unified treatment of the perfect, passive and adjectival uses of the past participle, involving a monosemous inflectional head checking a monosemous affix. There are two classes of constructions with -ing, each of which is given a unified treatment. The analysis requires the assumption that head-adjoined structures can be generated directly, rather than arising only as a result of movement. It also demonstrates that inflectional and derivational affixation are inherently different processes. An affix may in principle be attached by either process, with each process resulting in a different output structure. With these two provisos, it is possible to maintain both Johns’ (1992) One Form/One Meaning Principle and the more restrictive Strong Monosemy Principle proposed here.
Modularity in Thematic versus Aspectual Licensing: Paths and Moved Objects in Motion Verbs
Authors: Tenny Carol L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article investigates the nature of argumenthood and adjuncthood, through an examination of the behaviour of the internal arguments of two classes of motion verbs in English. A highly modular view is put forth, in which three separate distinctions influencing argument-like or adjunct- like behaviour must be recognized: aspectual versus thematic licensing, structural versus inherent case assignment, and referentiality versus non-referentiality. Of these three, only referentiality is a graded rather than a binary distinction. The distinction between aspectual and thematic licensing is developed and elucidated. A picture emerges in which aspectual structure may itself be thematically licensed by a verb, and this aspectual structure may have its own arguments, which are then indirectly licensed by the verb. Cognate objects and Romance measure phrases are also discussed in light of these theoretical conclusions.
Implicit Arguments in Japanese Potentials and Resultatives
Authors: Tawa Wako , Nakayama Mineharu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMany, if not all, languages possess syntactic constructions in which covert arguments, often referred to as “implicit arguments”, are required. While the implicit arguments in Western languages have received considerable attention, the study of the same topic in non-Western languages such as Japanese has been neglected. In this article, the nature of the implicit arguments of the potential and resultative constructions in Japanese is investigated. A detailed examination reveals that the implicit AGENTs in these two constructions differ in terms of the specificity of their reference, which in turn suggests that the representations of the two types of implicit arguments reflect this difference. It is argued that the implicit AGENT of the potential construction should be analyzed as proarb while that of the resultative construction is realized as pro.
Transitivity and Causation in Lushootseed Morphology
Authors: Beck David 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Salishan language Lushootseed shows an unusual pattern in its verbal morphology wherein its verbs are formed from intransitive, adjective-like roots via a highly productive set of suffixes, the bulk of which serve to increase the valency of their stem. These include the middle-marker, which forms intransitives, and several transitivizing affixes, which are shown here to be types of causative, their transitivizing effect being an expression of the causality inherent in the prototypical transitive event. In addition, the syntactic properties of the Lushootseed passive — formed by combining a transitivizing suffix with the middle-marker — can be analyzed as straightforward consequences of the meanings of the affixes that compose it. Treating Lushootseed causatives as subtypes of the transitive event model suggests that cross-linguistically transitive-causatives — as well as instrumentals and applicatives — may be subschematic extensions of the simple transitive clause, rather than derivations from more complex, biclausal structures.
Government-Licensing and Consonant Cluster Simplification in Quebec French
Authors: Nikièma Emmanuel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article is a reanalysis of cluster simplification in Quebec French (QF) in terms of government-licensing, a condition which requires non-nuclear governing heads to be licensed by a following vowel. It is suggested, contra Côté (1997, 1998), that simplification is triggered by a structural constraint rather than a constraint on sonority. It is shown that in QF, simplification does not apply to word internal clusters such asappartementandvendredibecause the following vowel is realized, but applies to forms liketableandcasque, and converts them into [tab] and [kas] respectively at the surface level due to the lack of a final vowel. However, cluster reduction does not apply to final clusters such asbarbe, gorge, andsoldein which the first member is a liquid. To account for why simplification applies in one case and not in the other, it is suggested that the two types of final clusters differ with respect to syllabification: liquids are within branching nuclei, whereas the first member of other clusters is within a branching rhyme. The case of word-final cluster simplification attested in Haitian Creole is also examined.
L’acquisition des clitiques nominatifs et des clitiques objets en français
Authors: Jakubowicz Celia , Rigaut Catherine 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article presents and discusses data on nominative and object clitics used by twelve monolingual French-speaking children aged 2;0 to 2;7 years in a spontaneous interaction setting and in an elicited production task. It is shown that nominative clitics surpass object clitics, and that reflexive clitics fare better than accusative clitics. It is argued that these two dissociations are compatible with the computational complexity hypothesis put forth by Jakubowicz and Nash (to appear), applied to the analysis of third person Romance pronominal clitics proposed by Jakubowicz, Nash, Rigaut, and Gérard (1998).
Les infinitifs racines en langage enfantin
Authors: Labelle Marie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article is mostly devoted to a critical review of the main analyses of root infinitives. Confronting these analyses to acquisition data from French, it is shown that an analysis in terms of a “null auxiliary” is more compatible with the data than the alternative hypotheses. However, an analysis in terms of a null or deleted auxiliary raises some difficult questions with respect to the existence and the nature of null elements in child language. Rather than appealing to null or deleted elements, it seems more appropriate to assume that children utterances do not include an auxiliary or a modal and that the corresponding node is simply not projected. An analysis along these lines is developed in the last section of the article.
Categories of C’est-Cleft Constructions
Authors: Katz Stacey 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this article, a system of categorizing the c’esf-cleft into different types is developed, based on their pragmatic, syntactic and prosodic properties. This goal has already been accomplished in English linguistic studies for a similar construction, the it-cleft. The c’est-cleft, however, is found more frequently than the it-cleft, and in many contexts, it is obligatory. In general, in the relative clause of the c’est-cleft, there is an open proposition that is saturated through replacing the missing variable by the element that is found in post-copular position. In most cases, the material found in the relative clause is presupposed; however, there are some cleft types for which this is not necessarily the case. This study is based on Lambrecht’s study of Information Structure.
Le redoublement des sujets en français informel québécois: une approche variationniste
Authors: Auger Julie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article deals with morphosyntactic variation. Focusing on subject doubling in Québec Colloquial French (QCF), the author argues in favor of a conception of linguistic competence which allows for variation. Various analyses which exclude variation from linguistic competence are considered and rejected, and it is concluded that the alternation between doubled and non-doubled constructions is an integral part of the linguistic competence of QCF speakers. The author then raises the question of the plausibility of an analysis which posits variable subject-verb agreement. She demonstrates that variable agreement systems are common crosslinguistically and that the analysis proposed for QCF is in consequence a quite reasonable one. Finally, an analysis is sketched within Chomsky’s Minimalist Program, showing that current linguistic theory is equipped for handling language-internal morphosyntactic variation.
(De)-Focussing and Object Raising in Romanian
Authors: Alboiu Gabriela 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article argues that VOS structures in Romanian are derived from a basic VSO word order and, consequently, involve object raising out of VP, across the subject left in situ. Binding interactions and the availability of raising quantified NPs clause-medially provide syntactic support for an A-movement analysis of the raised objects. In contrast to other languages that allow (or require) movement of objects to argumental positions, it is argued that in Romanian VOS structures the object does not move for the purposes of Case checking nor does object raising entail a strong, definite interpretation of the moved NP. Rather, object raising is an instance of de-focussing, made possible by a strong nominal feature on the abstract verb v.
TO BE in the Progressive: A New Use
Authors: Hirtle Walter , Bégin Claude 
Published: February 2018

Visser (1973:1968) gives a long list of verbs “more or less incompatible” with the progressive that have this in common: in their general sensethey do not express a real activity . . . In order to account for their use in the expanded form one ought to go in quest of the various senses and sub-senses that are tinged with a notion — however slight — of activity. (1973:1969)
Motion Verbs with Locational/Directional PPs in English and Japanese
Authors: Inagaki Shunji 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAccording to Talmy’s typology of “lexicalization patterns” for a motion event, English is the type of language that conflates Motion and Manner in the verb root, whereas Japanese is the type of language that conflates Motion and Path in the verb root. This article provides an explanation for why there is such a difference between English and Japanese within the framework of Hale and Keyser’s syntactic approach to argument structure. It extends Hale and Keyser’s approach to motion verbs and locational/directional Ps in English and Japanese and shows that given a “Lexical Relational Structure” of a motion event, the difference between English and Japanese derives from the fact that the former has a variety of directional Ps, allowing the insertion of a manner-of-motion verb into the Motion V, whereas the latter has a variety of directed motion verbs with the Path P incorporated into the Motion V. This suggests that Talmy’s lexicalization patterns are constrained by general syntactic principles.
Anti-ECP Effects in the Rejang Language of Sumatra
Authors: McGinn Richard 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article explores some evidence against the ECP that appears at first to be fairly overwhelming. Upon deeper inspection, however, the evidence supports the ECP and a special universal computation involving the complementizer system, the Complementizer Contraction rule (Pesetsky 1982). Complementizer Contraction is parameterized; some languages have an overt reflex (French, Norwegian); other languages do not (English, Tagalog). To make the argument, many intricate details are described about the structure of relative clauses, comparative clauses, embedded complement clauses, and wh-questions in Rejang, a Western Austronesian language of Sumatra.
Existentials and Partitives in Malagasy
Authors: Paul Ileana 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article discusses the existential construction in Malagasy, focussing on the distribution and interpretation of nominals. It is argued that the existential construction involves the raising of specific NPs out of the small clause complement of the existential verb misy. Nonspecific NPs, on the other hand, are shown to remain within the complement. That raising correlates with interpretation provides evidence in favour of the Mapping Hypothesis of Diesing (1992). Although the syntactic analysis accounts for the specific/nonspecific distribution in the existential construction, it leaves unexplained the precise interpretation of the specific NP, which may be either partitive, possessive, or locative. This article therefore argues for a relation, PARTITIVE, which unites these three readings.
The Syntax of Genitives in the Maori DP
Authors: Pearce Elizabeth 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article proposes an account of genitive case marking in the Maori DP which shows how the licensing requirements for genitive depend both on thematic role distinctions and on the presence of a functional projection situated immediately below D. An investigation of ordering alternations including genitives, demonstratives, adjectives, and the lexical head indicates that the FP below D is also the location of an identifying or specifying function within the DP. The label “IdentP” is proposed as a cover term for this FP projection. It is also proposed that DPs containing nominalized verbs include a head, Nmz, that has the capacity to license additional instantiations of genitive case marking.
There must be an explanation/There has to be an explanation: Tentative d’analyse énonciative du «semi-modal» have to
Authors: Serpault Pauline 
Published: February 2018

RésuméLa dichotomie subjectif/objectif est traditionnellement mise à contribution pour éclairer les différences d’emploi de must et have to. Cette représentation, qui se heurte parfois à la réalité linguistique, ne semble cependant pas propre à rendre compte à elle seule de la spécificité de have to. Il s’agit dans ces pages d’exploiter, énoncés authentiques à l’appui, les outils de la Théorie des Opérations Énonciatives afin de dégager les opérations dont have to et must sont la trace. Les deux formes se trouvent ordonnées sur un même axe paradigmatique, have to supposant en quelque sorte un must préconstruit, en ce que les opérations marquées par ce modal sont présentées par have to comme acquises au moment d’énonciation. Cette réflexion permet en outre de comprendre les glissements sémantiques provoqués en contexte par l’exploitation de la configuration de base du marqueur, qui le font préférer à must dans certains cadres potentiellement polémiques.
Should après un adjectif de valuation: Un marqueur inattendu?
Authors: Bourdier Valérie 
Published: February 2018

RésuméL’évolution du modal should s’est caractérisée par l’émergence progressive d’une interprétation non-déontique en construction hypotaxique. En effet, certaines constructions comportant should, du type It is surprising that he should say that, révèle un conflit sur une valeur construite ; celle-ci n’est alors plus repérée comme «effective» mais comme «fictive», et est considérée comme inattendue. Cette contribution se propose d’analyser le lien entre représentation attendue/inattendue et interaction de marqueurs hypotaxiques. L’examen d’exemples authentiques d’anglais contemporain révèle, en effet, la coexistence de plusieurs formes après la séquence It is + adjectif de valuation : constructions en for … to, propositions introduites par that (ou ∅) comportant should ou une forme assertée ou une base verbale. Il s’agit de montrer les différences de repérages entre ces formes et de rendre compte de l’apparition de l’une plutt que de l’autre en contexte.
Quitte à en français moderne: L’inattendu comme élément de pertinence argumentative
Authors: Guimier Claude 
Published: February 2018

RésuméCette contribution fait suite à un article paru dans Modèles Linguistiques, qui propose une analyse détaillée de la locution prépositive quitte à. Dans cet article, une hypothèse, basée sur l’observation des emplois de la locution et sur son origine, est proposée: dans une configuration du type P, quitte à Q, quitte à formate la proposition introduite comme une issue à un parcours. À ce titre, elle introduit le plus souvent une forme d’argumentation portant sur la mise en œuvre ou non d’un procès exprimé en P. D’autres emplois sont possibles, mais tous sont basés sur cette valeur invariante. Le présent article reprend ces différents emplois et tente de montrer que la locution comporte une valeur supplémentaire: elle construit une relation discordante, donc inattendue, entre P et Q. Mais cette discordance est contournée, Q constituant le plus souvent un argument en faveur de la validation de P.
The Tatar DP
Authors: Lyutikova Ekaterina , Pereltsvaig Asya 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we reconsider whether article-less languages have the DP projection, focusing on Tatar. We argue that putative correlations between the presence/absence of articles in a language and various DP-external phenomena (e.g. Left-Branch Extraction, superiority effects, and others), discussed by Bošković and Şener (2014), inter alia, do not hold if a broader range of languages is considered more carefully. Instead, we show that certain correlations obtain between the internal structure, syntactic position, case marking, and interpretation of. noun phrases found in distinct structural environments: direct objects, possessors, and complements of the so-called attributivizers. Specifically, we demonstrate a contrast between two types of nominals: accusative direct objects, possessors in ezafe-3, and complements of certain attributivizers share properties that contrast them with unmarked direct objects, possessors in ezafe-2, and complements of other attributivizers. We argue that postulating the DP projection in the former but not the latter type of noun phrases allows us to account for these observed correlations in a unified way.
Human dendritic cell sequestration onto theNecator americanuslarval sheath during ex-sheathing: a possible mechanism for immune privilege
Authors: Hassan A. , Pritchard D. I. , Ghaemmaghami A. M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDespite the profound health implications ofNecator americanusinfection in humans, many aspects of its interaction with the host immune system are poorly understood. Here we investigated the early events at the interface ofN. americanuslarvae (L3) and human dendritic cells (DCs). Our data show that co-culturing DCs and the larvae trigger ex-sheathing of hookworms rapidly where a majority of DCs are sequestered onto the larval sheath allowing the ex-sheathed larvae to migrate away unchallenged. Intriguingly, DCs show negligible interaction with the ex-sheathed larvae, alluding to differences between the surface chemistry of the larva and its sheath. Furthermore, blocking of two key C-type lectin receptors on DC surface (i.e. DC-SIGN and mannose receptor) resulted in inhibition of ex-sheathing process and DC sequestration, highlighting the importance of C-type lectins on DCs in the induction of the ex-sheathing. Analyses of DC phenotype and cytokine profile after co-culture with theN. americanuslarvae showed an immature phenotype as evidenced by the low expression of the maturation markers and cytokines. These data provide new insights into early events at the interface of human DCs andN. americanuslarvae and could explain how L3 evade immune recognition upon initial interaction with DCs.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT EVIDENCE ON E-HEALTH/M-HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES: EVALUATING THE TRANSPARENCY AND THOROUGHNESS
Authors: Vukovic Vladimir , Favaretti Carlo , Ricciardi Walter , de Waure Chiara 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:Evaluation is crucial for integration of e-Health/m-Health into healthcare systems and health technology assessment (HTA) could offer sound methodological basis for these evaluations. Aim of this study was to look for HTA reports on e-Health/m-Health technologies and to analyze their transparency, consistency and thoroughness, with the goal to detect areas that need improvement.Methods:PubMed, ISI-WOS, and University of York – Centre for Reviews and Dissemination–electronic databases were searched to identify reports on e-Health/m-Health technologies, published up until April 1, 2016. The International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) checklist was used to evaluate transparency and consistency of included reports. Thoroughness was assessed by checking the presence of domains suggested by the European network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) HTA Core Model.Results:Twenty-eight reports published between 1999 and 2015 were included. Most were delivered by non-European countries (71.4 percent) and only 35.7 percent were classified as full reports. All the HTA reports defined the scope of research whereas more than 80 percent provided author details, summary, discussed findings, and conclusion. On the contrary, policy and research questions were clearly defined in around 30 percent and 50 percent of reports. With respect to the EUnetHTA Core Model, around 70 percent of reports dealt with effectiveness and economic evaluation, more than 50 percent described health problem and approximately 40 percent organizational and social aspects.Conclusions:E-Health/m-Health technologies are increasingly present in the field of HTA. Yet, our review identified several missing elements. Most of the reports failed to respond to relevant assessment components, especially ethical, social and organizational implications.
INCIDENTAL VOCABULARY LEARNING IN SLA
Authors: Malone Jonathan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study explored the roles of exposure frequency, aural enhancement (AE) of input, and individual differences in working memory (WM) during L2 incidental vocabulary learning while reading. Eighty intermediate-level English learners were divided into four treatment groups, and given reading tasks with target words embedded two or four times. Listening while reading was controlled, as well as duration of exposure to new words through timed reading tasks, and comprehension questions helped to ensure a focus on meaning. Surprise posttests assessed initial form recognition and form-meaning connections. Proficiency and WM measures were administered, with English proficiency used as a covariate. Results indicated that measurable learning occurred at the two-exposure level for new words, both in form recognition and form-meaning connections. Frequency effects held from two to four exposures across AE and non-AE conditions, but were influenced by AE on the form-meaning outcome. This indicated support for simultaneous input modalities facilitating deeper processing and better learning outcomes. WM outcomes correlated with vocabulary outcomes for form recognition, and an aptitude by treatment interaction was found for form recognition.