bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DO CULTIVO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NA ESTABILIDADE DE AGREGADOS E NA CONDUTIVIDADE HIDRÁULICA DO SOLO
Authors: Góes Gilton Bezerra de , Greggio Thiago Claudino , Centurion José Frederico , Beutler Amauri Nelson , Andrioli Itamar 
Published: October 2018

EFEITO DO CULTIVO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NA ESTABILIDADE DE AGREGADOS E NA CONDUTIVIDADE HIDRÁULICA DO SOLO Gilton Bezerra de Góes; Thiago Claudino Greggio; José Frederico Centurion; Amauri Nelson Beutler; Itamar Andrioli Departamento de Solos e Adubos, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP. 1 RESUMO Para o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar ocorre intenso revolvimento do solo durante as operações de preparo para o plantio e à adubação. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a estabilidade de agregados e a condutividade hidráulica de um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico sob cana-de-açúcar com diferentes idades e sob vegetação natural. O experimento foi realizado em Jaboticabal, SP. Os sistemas de uso foram: solo sob mata natural (M), solo sob cana-de-açúcar de 1 ano (C1), sob cana-de-açúcar de 3 anos (C3) e sob cana-de-açúcar de 7 anos (C7). Para avaliação da estabilidade de agregados utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em parcela subdividida, com seis repetições, nas camadas de 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 e 30-40 cm; e para avaliação da condutividade hidráulica, o delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, na profundidade de 20 cm. Os sistemas de uso do solo com cana-de-açúcar reduzem a estabilidade de agregados e a condutividade hidráulica saturada em relação à mata nativa. UNITERMOS: atributos físicos, Saccharum officinarum. GÓES, G.B.; GREGGIO, T.C.; CENTURION, J.F.; BEUTLER, A.N.; ANDRIOLI, I. EFFECT OF SUGAR CANE CULTIVATION ON SOIL AGGREGATE STABILITY AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY 2 ABSTRACT For sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) cultivation, the soil is intensively revolved during planting and fertilization tillage. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the stability of aggregated soil and hydraulic conductivity in Oxisol soil under different age sugar cane and natural vegetation. The experiment was carried out in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. The systems of soil uses were the following ones: soil under natural vegetation (M), soil under 1-year sugar cane (C1), soil under 3-year sugar cane (C3) and under 7-year sugar cane (C7). A completely random design with subdivided plots and 6 replications were used in layers of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm to evaluate the stability of aggregated soil; for hydraulic conductivity, an entirely randomized design and 5 replications were used at the depth of 20 cm. The systems of soil uses for sugar cane cultivation reduced the stability of aggregated soil and saturated hydraulic conductivity in relation to native vegetation. KEYWORDS: Physical attributes, Saccharum officinarum.
DUET: A Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Sparsentan in Patients with FSGS
Authors: Trachtman Howard , Nelson Peter , Adler Sharon , Campbell Kirk N. , Chaudhuri Abanti , Derebail Vimal Kumar , Gambaro Giovanni , Gesualdo Loreto , Gipson Debbie S. , Hogan Jonathan , Lieberman Kenneth , Marder Brad , Meyers Kevin Edward , Mustafa Esmat , Radhakrishnan Jai , Srivastava Tarak , Stepanians Miganush , Tesar Vladimír , Zhdanova Olga , Komers Radko ,   on behalf of the DUET Study Group
Published: October 2018

Background
We evaluated and compared the effects of sparsentan, a dual endothelin type A (ETA) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, with those of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with primary FSGS.

Methods
In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind, active-control Efficacy and Safety of Sparsentan (RE-021), a Dual Endothelin Receptor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, in Patients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-Control, Dose-Escalation Study (DUET), patients aged 8–75 years with biopsy-proven FSGS, eGFR>30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) ≥1.0 g/g received sparsentan (200, 400, or 800 mg/d) or irbesartan (300 mg/d) for 8 weeks, followed by open-label sparsentan only. End points at week 8 were reduction from baseline in UP/C (primary) and proportion of patients achieving FSGS partial remission end point (FPRE) (UP/C: ≤1.5 g/g and >40% reduction [secondary]).

Results
Of 109 patients randomized, 96 received study drugs and had baseline and week 8 UP/C measurements. Sparsentan-treated patients had greater reductions in UP/C than irbesartan-treated patients did when all doses (45% versus 19%; P=0.006) or the 400 and 800 mg doses (47% versus 19%; P=0.01) were pooled for analysis. The FSGS partial remission end point was achieved in 28% of sparsentan-treated and 9% of irbesartan-treated patients (P=0.04). After 8 weeks of treatment, BP was reduced with sparsentan but not irbesartan, and eGFR was stable with both treatments. Overall, the incidence of adverse events was similar between groups. Hypotension and edema were more common among sparsentan-treated patients but did not result in study withdrawals.

Conclusions
Patients with FSGS achieved significantly greater reductions in proteinuria after 8 weeks of sparsentan versus irbesartan. Sparsentan was safe and well tolerated.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF METAL FLOW IN CRYSTALLIZER AT ITS SUPPLY FROM SUBMERSIBLE NOZZLE WITH ECCENTRIC HOLES
Authors: Odinokov V. I. , Dmitriev E. A. , Evstigneev A. I. 
Published: October 2018

Flow of liquid melt in the crystallizer is a little-studied process. Analytical solutions of melt flow in general case refer to complex mathematical problems, therefore numerical methods are used to model it. The purpose of this work is to use numerical method proposed by Professor V.I. Odinokov, based on finite-difference representation of the initial system of equations. This method has been successfully used in mechanics of continuous media, in foundry industry in mathematical modeling of strained deformed state of shell molds on investment models,as well as in other technological works, which indicates its universality. In the present study, the object of research is hydrodynamic flows of liquid metal during steel casting into a rectangular section mold when fed from a submerged nozzle with eccentric holes, and the result is a spatial mathematical model describing the flows of liquid metal in the crystallizer. To simulate the processes occurring in the crystallizer, the software complex “Odyssey” was used. The theoretical calculation is based on fundamental equations of hydrodynamics and approved numericalmethod. Solution of differential equations system formulatedin the work was carried out numerically. Investigated area was divided into elements of finite dimensions, for each element the resulting system of equations was written in the difference form. The result of the solution is velocity field of metal flow in crystallizer volume. To solve the system of algebraic equations obtained, a numerical scheme and a calculation algorithm were developed. Based on developed numerical scheme and algorithm, a computation program was compiled in Fortran-4. Mathematical model makes it possible to vary geometric dimensions of the crystallizer and cross-section of metal exit openings from the immersion nozzle, and it can also help to understand the flow pattern of the cast metal that affects heat dissipation of crystallizer walls and to find the optimal parameters for liquid metal outlet from the gravy glass at various casting modes. As an example it is given calculation of steel casting into a rectangular mold with a height of 100 cm and a section of 2000×40 (cm) in plan. Casting was carried out from immersion nozzle eccentrically in both sides in a horizontal plane. The calculation results are presented in graphical form. The movement of liquid metal flows is shown, their magnitudes and intensity are determined.
INTERACTION OF HYDROGEN IMPURITY WITH NANOCRYSTALLINE PALLADIUM AND NICKEL
Authors: Poletaev G. M. , Zorya I. V. , Rakitin R. Y. 
Published: October 2018

The interaction of hydrogen atoms with nanocrystalline palladium and nickel in the work was studied by the molecular dynamics method. The nanocrystalline structure of palladium and nickel was created in the model by crystallization from the liquid state at the presence of several specially introduced crystalline embryos. After solidification, the calculation blocks, in addition to the crystalline phase, contained grain boundaries and triple junctions of grain boundaries. The interactions of metal atoms with each other were described by the multi-particle Cleri-Rosato potential constructed in the framework of the tight-binding model. Morse potentials were used to describe the interactions of hydrogen atoms with metal atoms and with each other. The parameters of Morse potentials were calculated from the experimental data of theabsorption energy, the activation energy of the above-barrier diffusion of hydrogen in a metal (at normal and high temperatures), the binding energy with a vacancy, dilatation. According to the results obtained in the present work, at a high concentration of hydrogen (the concentration of 10% from the metal atoms was considered), the hydrogen atoms combine into aggregates, which are formed predominantly near the surface of the metal. The aggregates contained, as a rule, several dozen hydrogen atoms and had low diffusion activity. The binding energy of hydrogen atoms with these aggregates was greater than with the metal crystal lattice or grain boundaries in it. In palladium, hydrogen aggregates were formed farther from the surface than in nickel. Apparently, this is due not so much to the relatively low energy of hydrogen absorption by palladium (–0.1 eV) in comparison with nickel (0.16 eV), but rather to the difference in lattice parameters of the metals under consideration: 3.89 Å for Pd and 3.524 Å for Ni. For the same reason, conspicuously, hydrogen aggregates in a pure crystal lattice were more often observed in Pd than in Ni. In Ni, aggregates, as a rule, were formed in defect areas containing an excess free volume: near the free surface, in grain boundaries and in triple junctions.
Trail of labor versus elective repeat cesarean section: a comparison of morbidity and mortality at tertiary care teaching hospitals in India
Authors: Dhillon Balwan Singh , Chandhiok Nomita , Rao M. Vishnu Vardhana 
Published: October 2018

Background: As cesarean birth rates continue to rise, more women are faced with the choice of planning a vaginal delivery or a repeat cesarean section after a previous cesarean section. The objective of this prospective study was to study the morbidities and mortality of women attempting a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) versus elective repeat cesarean section (El-RCS).Methods: Prospective data was recorded on management practices, associated complications and morbidity & mortality for a period of 8 months on 15664 consecutive cases of previous cesarean section reporting at 30 medical colleges/ teaching hospitals for delivery.Results: A trial of labor was planned in 25.8% (4035) women and 34.5% (5399) women underwent elective repeat cesarean section and rest had emergency repeat cesarean section. Overall maternal morbidity due to any cause was 20.7% among El-RCS as compared to 14.2% in TOLAC which was statistically significant (OR: 1.57, CI: 1.41-1.76, P=0.00). Blood loss of more than 1000ml was around 8.0% among TOLAC where as in El-RCS it was 8.8% (OR: 0.89, CI: 0.77-1.94, p=0.14 not statistically significant). Blood transfusion was given in 3.7% in TOLAC where as in El-RCS it was given in 6.5% (OR: 0.56, CI: 0.45-0.68, p=0.00 highly significant). Complication like dehiscence of scar was similar in both groups. Post-operative complication were seen in 2.8% cases in TOLAC where as in El-RCS it was 5.8% (OR: 0.47, CI: 0.38-0.59, p=0.00 highly significant). Uterine rupture was 0.3% in TOLAC where as in El-RCS it was 0.7% (OR: 0.43, CI: 0.21-0.87, p=0.009 statistically significant). Maternal mortality was reported in 0.2% cases of TOLAC as compared to 0.1% cases in El-RCS (p=0.17) which was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Maternal morbidity was found to be more in elective repeat cesarean section than trial of labor after cesarean section.
Anemia in relation to body mass index among female students of North Kerala: a pilot study
Authors: Thamban Veena , Venkatappa Kavana G. , K. Swarnalatha P. , M. Sparshadeep E. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Anemia among women causes many serious health problems and is pervasive in developing country. Many research studies have documented that malnutrition affects body growth and development, especially during the crucial period of adolescence. The association between anemia and body mass index (BMI) is a measure of nutrition and health status of adults. Aim was to study the association between anemia and BMI among female students.Methods: An observational study was conducted among first year medical and dental female students (n=109) aged 18-20years. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels (g/dL) by Sahli’s hemoglobinometer and BMI (kg/m2) were estimated. Anemia was defined as Hb content <12g/dL. Subjects were classified by BMI categories as underweight (BMI <18.5kg/m2), normal weight (BMI:18.5-24.99kg/m2), overweight (BMI ≥25kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30kg/m2) according to WHO. Then the relation between anemia and BMI were statistically analyzed.Results: Overall, 48.62% female students were anemic. Of which 43.4% were underweight, 22.6% normal weight and 34.5% were above normal weight (over weight and obese). Mean value of hemoglobin was significantly decreased in underweight and overweight compared to normal weight (p<0.001). Anemia was significantly associated with BMI (χ2 =46.48, p=0.000).Conclusions: The study concludes the occurrence of anemia in both undernourished and over-nourished individuals which were significantly associated. Further studies are needed with larger sample size to document the factors that may be associated with anemia in females.
Clinic-etiological profile of pancytopenia in children: a tertiary care center based study of Kumaun region, India
Authors: Chand Ramesh , Singh Nutan 
Published: October 2018

Background: Pancytopenia is not a disease entity but a triad of findings in which all blood cell lineages i.e leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets are reduced in blood .It is consequence of various medical conditions. Present study was conducted to assess the etiology, clinical profile and bone marrow morphology of pancytopenia.Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out among 42 children of age between 1 to 15 year with pancytopenia. Blood samples of the patients were analyzed for complete blood count and peripheral smear along with presence and absence of immature cells and abnormal cells. In bone marrow examination, morphology of all cell’s lineage, cellularity, parasite and abnormal cells were scrutinized. Trephine biopsy was done if indicated. Special investigations were done to confirm the diagnosis.Results: Among the 42 cases studied, age of the patients ranged from 1 to 15 years with a slight male predominance. Most of the patients presented with generalized weakness and weight loss and fever. The commonest physical finding was pallor, followed by splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. The commonest cause for pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia Among the non-haematological causes kala azar 5 (11.9%) is the leading cause in this study.Conclusions: The present study concludes that detailed primary haematological investigations along with bone marrow examination in pancytopenic patients are helpful for diagnosis and management. This study also suggests that megaloblastic anaemia, dimorphic anaemia and kala-azar should also be included in differential diagnosis of pancytopenia in this geographical area.
Are there any significant differences in the amount of antihypertensive drugs used between subjects with diabetes and hypertension and subjects with hypertension?
Authors: Grzeszczak Wladyslaw , Markowicz Anna 
Published: October 2018

WstępCukrzyca oraz nadciśnienie tętnicze powodują zarówno istotne pogorszenie jakości życia, jak i skrócenie czasu przeżycia chorego. Celem pracy było znalezienie odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: 1) ile średnio leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych zażywa chory na nadciśnienie oraz chory na cukrzycę i nadciśnienie tętnicze; 2) czy na skutek upośledzenia czynności nerek chorzy zażywają większą ilość leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych; 3) czy występują różnice w ilości stosowanych leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych między badanymi przez nas grupami.Materiał i metodyDo badania włączyliśmy kolejnych 300 chorych zakwalifikowanych w trybie pilnym do przyjęcia do Kliniki Chorób Wewnętrznych, Diabetologii i Nefrologii w Zabrzu. Powodem przyjęcia były nadciśnienie tętnicze i cukrzyca lub nadciśnienie tętnicze bez cukrzycy. Pomiaru masy ciała oraz wzrostu dokonano przy użyciu mechanicznej wagi lekarskiej kolumnowej ze wzrostomierzem firmy AED. 24-godzinnego automatycznego pomiaru ciśnienia tętniczego krwi dokonano aparatem Oscar 2.WynikiNie wykazano znamiennych statystycznie różnic między ilością stosowanych leków u chorych na nadciśnienie z cukrzycą lub bez cukrzycy. Wykazano, że wraz z pogarszającą się czynnością nerek badani zażywali istotnie więcej leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych (szczególnie chorzy na cukrzycę i nadciśnienie tętnicze).Wnioski1. Chorzy na cukrzycę i nadciśnienie tętnicze oraz chorzy na nadciśnienie tętnicze bez cukrzycy stosują średnio 3,53 ± 2,22 leków spośród określonych grup leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych. Brak różnic w ilości zażywanych leków między badanymi grupami.
2. Wraz z pogorszeniem czynności wydalniczej nerek wzrasta ilość leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych zażywanych przez chorych, szczególnie u chorych na cukrzycę.
3. Wraz z pogorszeniem czynności nerek ilość stosowanych leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych jest większa u chorych na cukrzycę i nadciśnienie niż u chorych na nadciśnienie bez cukrzycy.
The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency in EFL Learnersâ€™ Oral Performance
Authors: Abdolrezapour Parisa 
Published: October 2018

Over the last three decades, emotional intelligence (EI) has received considerable empirical attention especially in academic context. Following this line of research, the study reported in this paper investigated the relationship between trait EI and EFL learnersâ€™ second language (L2) oral performance. A sample of 102 Iranian EFL students, all between 13 and 18 years old (approximately half male and half female), performed an oral narrative task under laboratory conditions and completed the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire-adolescent short form (TEIQue-ASF), which is used to measure global trait EI. The correlational analysis of the results indicated a positive relationship between EI and learnersâ€™ L2 oral performance as measured in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency. Those with higher degree of EI were able to produce more accurate and complex language. The relationship between EI and fluency measures, however, did not reach significance. Findings of this study point to the importance of focusing on learnersâ€™ emotions and finding strategies to foster it.
Keywords: Emotional intelligence, accuracy, complexity, fluency, language achievement
23-Year Trends in Life Expectancy in Good and Poor Physical and Cognitive Health at Age 65 Years in the Netherlands, 1993–2016
Authors: Deeg Dorly J. H. , Comijs Hannie C. , Hoogendijk Emiel O. , van der Noordt Maaike , Huisman Martijn 
Published: October 2018

Objectives. To examine 23-year trends in both physically and cognitively healthy life expectancy from age 65 years in the Netherlands. Methods. We used 8 waves between 1993 and 2016 from the nationally representative Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (12 948 observations). We calculated physically and cognitively healthy life expectancies by using the Sullivan life table method and tested prevalence trends over time by using generalized estimating equations. Results. Total life expectancy at age 65 years rose from 14.7 to 18.7 years (men) and from 19.2 to 21.4 years (women). Life expectancy in poor physical health increased nonlinearly from 1.8 to 2.9 years for men; for women it fluctuated around 5.7 years. Meanwhile, life expectancy in good cognitive health increased linearly from 11.0 to 15.7 years (men) and from 13.4 to 18.0 years (women). The proportion of people with poor physical and poor cognitive health combined did not increase, averaging 5.9% (men) and 8.7% (women). Conclusions. This multiwave study shows that a negative trend in physically healthy life expectancy is accompanied by a positive trend in cognitively healthy life expectancy.
Coming of Age in the Shadow of the Taliban: Adolescents’ and Parents’ Views Toward Interpersonal Violence and Harmful Traditional Practices in Afghanistan
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Rao Krishna , Natiq Kayhan , Pasha Omrana , Blum Robert 
Published: October 2018

Objectives. To understand Afghan adolescents’ and parents’ attitudes toward interpersonal violence. Methods. We used a 2-stage sampling method in 6 provinces during 2016; we included 916 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years and 454 parents. Results. In the abstract, a minority of adolescents or parents endorsed violence; however, specific situations justified most violence (e.g., husbands beating wives, parents hitting children). Both adolescents (48.0%) and parents (39.0%) thought a wife hitting her husband was least justifiable. Endorsement of violence justification did not appear to vary significantly on the basis of parental education or wealth. More fathers rejected all violence rationale than did mothers, and women were more likely to justify wife beating (75.0% vs 58.6%; P < .01), beating of daughters (78.5% vs 60.6%; P < .01), and teachers hitting students (62.9% vs 51.5%; P < .01). Of all respondents, 25% approved of threatening a child if he or she speaks out against harmful traditional practices. Conclusions. Although it may be socially unacceptable to advocate physical aggression, most Afghans still find numerous conditions that justify it. Without deliberate violence reduction strategies, education alone is unlikely to reduce the high levels of interpersonal violence in Afghanistan.