bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating pre‐analytical requirements for serum and plasma based infrared spectro‐diagnostic
Authors: Lovergne Lila , Lovergne Jean , Bouzy Pascaline , Untereiner Valérie , Offroy Marc , Garnotel Roselyne , Thiéfin Gérard , Baker Matthew J. , Sockalingum Ganesh D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInfrared spectroscopy is a rapid, easy‐to‐operate, label‐free and therefore cost‐effective technique. Many studies performed on biofluids (eg, serum, plasma, urine, sputum, bile and cerebrospinal fluid) have demonstrated its promising application as a clinical diagnostic tool. Given all these characteristics, infrared spectroscopy appears to be an ideal candidate to be implemented into the clinics. However, before considering its translation, a clear effort is needed to standardise protocols for biofluid spectroscopic analysis. To reach this goal, careful investigations to identify and track errors that can occur during the pre‐analytical phase is a crucial step. Here, we report for the first time, results of investigations into pre‐analytical factors that can affect the quality of the spectral data acquired on serum and plasma, such as the impact of long‐term freezing time storage of samples as well as the month‐to‐month reproducibility of the spectroscopic analysis. The spectral data discrimination has revealed to be majorly impacted by a residual water content variation in serum and plasma dried samples.
3‐photon fluorescence imaging of sulforhodamine B‐labeled elastic fibers in the mouse skin in vivo
Authors: He Chen , Gan Mengyao , Deng Xiangquan , Liu Hongji , Qiu Ping , Wang Ke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElastic fibers are key constituents of the skin. The commonly adopted optical technique for visualizing elastic fibers in the animal skin in vivo is 2‐photon microscopy (2 PM) of autofluorescence, which typically suffers from low signal level. Here we demonstrate a new optical methodology to image elastic fibers in animal models in vivo: 3‐photon microscopy (3 PM) excited at the 1700‐nm window combining with preferential labeling of elastic fibers using sulforhodamine B (SRB). First, we demonstrate that intravenous injection of SRB can circumvent the skin barrier (encountered in topical application) and preferentially label elastic fibers, as verified by simultaneous 2 PM of both autofluorescence and SRB fluorescence from skin structures. Then through 3‐photon excitation property characterization, we show that 3‐photon fluorescence can be excited from SRB at the 1700‐nm window, and 1600‐nm excitation is most efficient according to our 3‐photon action cross section measurement. Based on these results and using our developed 1600‐nm femtosecond laser source, we finally demonstrate 3 PM of SRB‐labeled elastic fibers through the whole dermis in the mouse skin in vivo, with only 3.7‐mW optical power deposited on the skin surface. We expect our methodology will provide novel optical solution to elastic fiber research.
The long non‐coding RNA OLC8 enhances gastric cancer by interaction with IL‐11
Authors: Zhou Rongjia , Wu Zhanbin , Deng Xixiang , Chen Haojun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe gastric cancer (GC) represents a common malignancy especially in China. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critically involved in various types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of OLC8 in gastric cancer are still largely unknown.MethodsThe lncRNA profiling was used to identify novel lncRNAs associated with GC. The expression of OLC8 was quantified using qRT‐PCR. Migration and viability assays were performed to evaluate the in vitro effects. Xenograft tumor models were conducted to investigate the in vivo oncogenic potential. RNA‐seq was used to identify IL‐11 as OLC8 binding partner.ResultsIn current study, we have identified a novel lncRNA termed OLC8. OLC8 was significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer specimens and cell lines. In vitro experiments showed that OLC8 facilitated migration and viability of MKN1 and AGS cells. As expected, in vivo experiments also confirmed an oncogenic role for OLC8. Mechanistic study indicated that OLC8 associated with IL‐11 transcripts. The OLC8‐IL‐11 binding greatly impaired the degradation of IL‐11 mRNAs. Not surprisingly, enhanced expression of IL‐11 could increase STAT3 activation to favor gastric cancer development.ConclusionsOur current research has identified OLC8 as a novel oncogenic lncRNA in IL‐11/STAT3 signaling, and OLC8 may constitute a potential target for gastric cancer intervention.
N‐glycosylation of uterine endometrium determines its receptivity
Authors: Yu Ming , Qin Huamin , Wang Hao , Liu Jianwei , Liu Shuai , Yan Qiu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlycosylation alters the molecular and functional features of glycoproteins, which is closely related with many physiological processes and diseases. During “window of implantation”, uterine endometrium transforms into a receptive status to accept the embryo, thereby establishing successful embryo implantation. In this article, we aimed at investigating the role of N‐glycosylation, a major modification type of glycoproteins, in the process of endometrial receptivity establishment. Results found that human uterine endometrial tissues at mid‐secretory phase exhibited Lectin PHA‐E+L (recognizes the branched N‐glycans) positive N‐glycans as measured by the Lectin fluorescent staining analysis. By utilizing in vitro implantation model, we found that de‐N‐glycosylation of human endometrial Ishikawa and RL95‐2 cells by tunicamycin (inhibitor of N‐glycosylation) and peptide‐N‐glycosidase F (PNGase F) impaired their receptive ability to human trophoblastic JAR cells. Meanwhile, N‐glycosylation of integrin αvβ3 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) are found to play key roles in regulating the ECM‐dependent FAK/Paxillin and LIF‐induced STAT3 signaling pathways, respectively, thus affecting the receptive potentials of endometrial cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments and primary mouse endometrial cells‐embryos coculture model further verified that N‐glycosylation of mouse endometrial cells contributed to the successful implantation. Our results provide new evidence to show that N‐glycosylation of uterine endometrium is essential for maintaining the receptive functions, which gives a better understanding of the glycobiology of implantation.
Melatonin: An important anticancer agent in colorectal cancer
Authors: Mirza‐Aghazadeh‐Attari Mohammad , Mohammadzadeh Amir , Mostavafi Soroush , Mihanfar Aynaz , Ghazizadeh Saber , Sadighparvar Shirin , Gholamzadeh Somaye , Majidinia Maryam , Yousefi Bahman 
Published: July 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers among the elderly, which is also seen in the forms of hereditary syndromes occurring in younger individuals. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand the molecular and cellular pathobiology underlying colorectal cancer. These studies have found that cellular signaling pathways are at the core of colorectal cancer pathology. Because of this, new agents have been proposed as possible candidates to accompany routine therapy regimens. One of these agents is melatonin, a neuro‐hormone known best for its essential role in upholding the circadian rhythm and orchestrating the many physiologic changes it accompanies. Melatonin is shown to be able to modulate many signaling pathways involved in many essential cell functions, which if deregulated cause an accelerated pace towards cancer. More so, melatonin is involved in the regulation of immune function, tumor microenvironment, and acts as an antioxidant agent. Many studies have focused on the beneficial effects of melatonin in colorectal cancers, such as induction of apoptosis, increased sensitivity to chemotherapy agents and radiotherapy, limiting cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. The present review aims to illustrate the known significance of melatonin in colorectal cancer and to address possible clinical use.
MiR‐496 promotes migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition by targeting RASSF6 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Hua , Yan Bianbian , Zhang Pan , Liu Shuzhen , Li Qiqi , Yang Jin , Yang Fangfang , Chen Erfei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAberrant loss of tumor‐suppressor genes plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Extensive studies have reported tha hypermethylation of Ras association domain family member 6 (RASSF6) is common in various solid tumors. Another important mode of epigenetic regulation, microRNA (miRNA) regulation of RASSF6, is far from clear. The aim of the present work was to screen out novel miRNA regulating RASSF6, and to explore its underlying mechanism in CRC. With the use of bioinformatics, clinical sample data, and luciferase binding assay, we determined that microRNA‐496 (miR‐496) could be a novel oncomiR that directly binds to RASSF6. Next, a series of miR‐496 mimics or inhibitor, or RASSF6 small interfering RNA (siRNA) introduced into CRC cells were applied to examine the effect of miR‐496 on CRC cell viability, migration, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). The results demonstrated that miR‐496/RASSF6 could promote cell migration and EMT via Wnt signaling activation, but had no effect on cell viability. Our results confirmed that the miR‐496/RASSF6 axis is involved in Wnt pathway‐mediated tumor metastasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for CRC.
Influence mechanism of different precursors on the adsorption behavior of NOx over Cu2+ ion‐exchange ZSM‐5
Authors: Tang Xiaolong , Zhang Runcao , Yi Honghong , Gao Fengyu , Yu Qingjun , Zhao Shunzheng , Yang Kun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe combined Adsorption‐Nonthermal Plasma Catalytic process (A‐NTP‐C) which is used for decomposition of NOx has become a technical approach of high research value.Many studies have shown that the better the adsorption performance of the catalyst in the A‐NTP‐C process, the higher the conversion of NO. The type of Cu precursors will affect the chemical/physical properties of Cu‐based catalysts, thus influencing the adsorption performance of catalysts. In this study, an ion exchange process was used to prepare Cu/ZSM‐5 catalysts with three Cu precursors, namely copper acetate (AC‐Cu), copper nitrate (N‐Cu) and copper sulfate (S‐Cu).ResultsDifferent Cu precursors led to differences in Cu ion exchange capacity of Cu/ZSM‐5; the Cu content of AC‐Cu/ZSM‐5 was the highest. Furthermore, even with the same Cu content as N‐Cu/ZSM‐5 and S‐Cu/ZSM‐5, the AC‐Cu/ZSM‐5 catalyst showed the best adsorption performance.ConclusionX‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that CuO and isolated tetrahedron‐coordinating Cu(II) were the main forms of Cu species on Cu/ZSM‐5. The results of in situ DRIFTs indicated that NO was oxidized by CuO and the generated NO2 was adsorbed by H+ and isolated Cu (II). The AC‐Cu/ZSM‐5 catalysts had the largest amount of tetrahedron‐coordinating isolated Cu (II) and the strongest H+ electrophilic ability, giving it the best NOx adsorption performance. The different precursors had little effect on the ZSM‐5 structure, but did cause differences in pore volume, which might influence the adsorption capacity of NOx to some extent. These conclusions provide new ideas and methods for optimizing the adsorption capacity of Cu/ZSM‐5. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Theoretical description of modern1H in Vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic pulse sequences
Authors: Landheer Karl , Schulte Rolf F. , Treacy Michael S. , Swanberg Kelley M. , Juchem Christoph 
Published: July 2019

This article reviews the most commonly used modern sequences designed to confront the two major challenges of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS): spatial localization and metabolic specificity. The purpose of this review article is to provide a deeper and clearer understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which all modern MRS sequences operate. A descriptive explanation, consistent pulse sequence diagram, and theoretical concepts of the measured signal are given for five spatial localization sequences and three modules designed to increase metabolic specificity. Cross‐sequence comparisons, including potential modifications for estimating quantitative measures like spin‐lattice relaxation timeT1, spin‐spin relaxation timeT2, and diffusion coefficients are briefly discussed.Level of Evidence:5Technical Efficacy Stage:1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1008–1029.
Snow climatology for the mountains in the Iberian Peninsula using satellite imagery and simulations with dynamically downscaled reanalysis data
Authors: Alonso‐González Esteban , López‐Moreno Juan Ignacio , Navarro‐Serrano Francisco , Sanmiguel‐Vallelado Alba , Revuelto Jesús , Domínguez‐Castro Fernando , Ceballos Antonio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe presence of a seasonal snowpack determines the hydrology, geomorphology and ecology of wide parts of the Iberian Peninsula, with strong implications for the economy, transport and risk management. Thus, reliable information on snow is necessary from a scientific and operational point of view. This is the case of the Iberian Peninsula where, lack of observation has impeded proper analysis of snowpack duration, magnitude and interannual variability. In this study, we present the first snow climatology of the entire Iberian Peninsula. The scarcity of in situ observations has been overcome, using a newly developed remote sensing snow database from MODIS satellite sensors for the period 2000–2014 and a physically based snow model (Factorial Snow Model—FSM), driven by a regional atmospheric model (Weather Research and Forecast model—WRF) over the Iberian Peninsula for the period 1980–2014. The snowpack of the main mountain areas (Pyrenees, Cantabrian, Central, Iberian range and Sierra Nevada) are described, estimated from the generated databases. The information has been processed using a k‐means cluster algorithm, looking for similarities in snow indices at different elevation bands. Results show four different types of snowpack in terms of depth, duration and interannual variability, lying over different elevation bands in the different ranges, proving the variability of the snowpack over Iberia. Analyses reveal areas characterized by ephemeral snowpacks, while in some sectors snowpack lasts, on average, 198 days per year with 3.02 m of peak snow depth. The coefficient of variation of interannual peak snow depth oscillated between 35.2 and 162.4%. All the analysed indices show that at common elevations the Cantabrian range and the Pyrenees host the deepest and longest lasting snowpacks, followed by the Central and Iberian ranges. The Sierra Nevada exhibits the shortest, shallowest snowpack and more year‐to‐year variability.
Stable carbon isotope analysis on fossil Cedrus pollen shows summer aridification in Morocco during the last 5000 years
Authors: Bell Benjamin A. , Fletcher William J. , Cornelissen Henk L. , Campbell Jennifer F. E. , Ryan Peter , Grant Helen , Zielhofer Christoph 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTQuantitative climate reconstructions from pollen typically rely on empirical relationships between pollen abundances or assemblages and climate, such as the modern analogue technique. However, these techniques may be problematic when applied to fossil sequences, as they cannot separate anthropogenic from climatic influence on pollen assemblages. Here, we reconstruct Mid‐ to Late Holocene summer aridity in the Middle Atlas, Morocco, using stable carbon isotope analysis of isolated fossil Cedrus pollen. This approach is based on well‐documented plant physiological responses to moisture stress and is therefore independent of vegetation composition. We find that there has been a general long‐term trend of increasing summer aridity in the region during the last 5000 years to the present day. The gradual decline of Cedrus atlantica forest in the Late Holocene follows this aridity trend. Additionally, we show how isolating a specific pollen type for carbon isotope analysis yields a robust climate signal, versus using pollen concentrates or bulk sediment. Our findings indicate that climate has become drier in the region and confirms the Mid‐ to Late Holocene aridification trend observed more widely in the western Mediterranean, using a novel proxy for this region with good potential for wider application in other environments.
Raman and Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopies reveal medieval Hispano–Muslim wood painting techniques and provide new insights into red lead production technology
Authors: Arjonilla Paz , Domínguez‐Vidal Ana , Correa‐Gómez Elena , Domene‐Ruiz María José , Ayora‐Cañada María José 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the study of two Nasrid polychrome wooden ceilings from the Alhambra monumental ensemble using vibrational spectroscopic techniques. The study is focused on the identification of the constituent materials and execution techniques used employing non‐invasive and non‐destructive scientific investigation methods. Information about both inorganic (pigments) and organic (binders and coatings) materials has been obtained without the need for time‐consuming procedures. A complex stratigraphy involving the use of a protective priming layer of red lead covered with animal glue and white lead was revealed. The identification of Raman signatures of different lead oxide compounds, including lead‐tin oxide (Pb2SnO4), in the priming layer, allowed us to hypothesize the synthesis of red lead (Pb3O4) from litharge (α‐PbO), a common by‐product of the cupellation process used since antiquity for silver production. Furthermore, the pigments employed in hidden drawings found in the reverse of the wood pieces of one of the ceilings were also studied and compared with those found in the visible external face.
Extraction with Water‐in‐Carbon Dioxide Microemulsions: A Case Study on Steviol Glycosides
Authors: Cui Jingwen , Sandahl Margareta , Wendt Ola F. , Rodriguez‐Meizoso Irene 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work explores the use of water‐in‐supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) microemulsions for the extraction of polar metabolites from plants. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether (TMN) surfactants were selected for a case study. A CO2‐water‐TMN 10 mixture at 35 °C and 30.0 MPa extracted 7 mg target analyte/g dry leaves. The extraction was proven to occur due to a water‐surfactant liquid solution rather than a water‐in‐CO2 microemulsion. Using a modified extraction setup, the microemulsion was created prior to extraction. TMN 6 was able to dissolve enough water in CO2 to extract steviol glycosides, in detectable but very small amounts.
The impact of postoperative morbidity on survival in patients with metastatic colon and rectal cancer
Authors: Leijssen Lieve G. J. , Dinaux Anne M. , Kunitake Hiroko , Bordeianou Liliane G. , Berger David L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroduction: Avoiding postoperative morbidity is essential in patients with advanced cancer. To further improve treatment in stage IV colorectal cancer, knowledge about risk factors which effect short‐ and long‐term outcomes is important.Methods: All stage IV colon and rectal cancer who underwent elective surgery between 2004 and 2015 were included (n = 345). We compared resectable colon and rectal patients, and unresectable colon and rectal cancer patients.Results: Median follow‐up duration was 22.2 (unresectable) and 56.7 months (resectable) with no difference in tumor location. Colon cancer patients were more often considered unresectable (P < .001). Rectal procedures were correlated with a higher morbidity rate and a longer surgical duration (P < .001). In the resectable cohort, obese patients, open procedures and prolonged surgery were independently associated with postoperative complications. Considering the palliative group, neoadjuvant treatment and age were correlated with worse outcomes. Morbidity was not associated with long‐term outcomes in the resectable cohort. However, unresectable patients who developed respiratory (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.53) or cardiac (HR: 3.75) complications and patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists—score III to IV (HR: 1.51) had an impaired survival.Conclusion: Our results emphasize the need for an adequate preoperative assessment to identify patients at risk for postoperative complications and impaired survival.
A prognostic nomogram for predicting risk of recurrence in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients after tumor resection to assist decision making for postoperative adjuvant treatment
Authors: Zhu Xiaoke , Heng Yu , Zhou Liang , Tao Lei , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to create a nomogram for postoperative prediction of the risk of recurrence in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients who received laryngectomy alone and to assess indications for postoperative adjuvant treatments (POAT).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 1571 newly diagnosed laryngeal carcinoma patients was conducted. Those patients were divided into two groups—the development cohort (n = 1102) and the validation cohort (n = 469). Patients were classified into three subgroups according to their individual points calculated from the nomogram. The efficiency of POAT was examined among various subgroups.ResultsFive variables, including pT classification, pN classification, surgical margin, tumor differentiation, and primary location, were included in the nomogram. The C‐index was 0.753 in development cohort and 0.744 in validation cohort. Patients were classified into three subgroups with incremental risks of recurrence. In the high‐risk group, patients receiving POAT showed significantly better recurrence‐free survival (RFS) than did those receiving surgery alone, while POAT was not significantly associated with RFS in either the low‐ or moderate‐risk groups.ConclusionsThe risk of tumor recurrence in patients with laryngeal carcinoma was quantified by our newly constructed nomogram. Patients categorized as high‐risk were found to benefit from POAT in RFS.
What Ought We to Do With “Thick Terms”? A Response to Frankfurt & Coady's “Bringing Philosophy to Bear on Moral Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Construct Validation”
Authors: Farnsworth Jacob K. , Borges Lauren M. , Nieuwsma Jason A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe respond to the commentary by Frankfurt and Coady (this issue) regarding the descriptive–prescriptive framework for partially distinguishing between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and moral injury (Farnsworth, 2019). In their commentary, Frankfurt & Coady raise concerns about the application of R. M. Hare's (2014) philosophical approach of prescriptivism to military‐related moral injury (MI) and the potential philosophical and ethical implications that may follow. In this response, we clarify that Farnsworth's descriptive–prescriptive framework is not tied to or aligned with Hare's prescriptivism and, as a result, many of Frankfurt and Coady's critiques become tangential to Farnsworth's original argument. We go on to clarify that Farnsworth's descriptive–prescriptive framework does not deny the utility of all cognitive therapies for moral injury, nor does it attempt to fully separate descriptive and prescriptive cognitions from one another, as was asserted by Frankfurt and Coady. We also provide a counterargument to Frankfurt and Coady's ethical concerns regarding the potential of Farnsworth's framework to enable militarism and instead assert its value for increasing peace and understanding. Finally, we address the relevance of “thick terms” for MI, highlighting their potential strengths and clinical weaknesses. We conclude by joining with Frankfurt and Coady in expressing our hopes for future research on the association between PTSD and MI. We argue that future research must go beyond defining content‐level boundaries between the two constructs and instead grapple with the processes that give rise to them and the philosophical, empirical, and professional questions that they imply.