bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body Position Alters Mechanical Power and Respiratory Mechanics During Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Chiumello Davide , Formenti Paolo , Bolgiaghi Luca , Mistraletti Giovanni , Gotti Miriam , Vetrone Francesco , Baisi Alessandro , Gattinoni Luciano , Umbrello Michele 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
During thoracic surgery, patients are usually positioned in lateral decubitus and only the dependent lung ventilated. The ventilated lung is thus exposed to the weight of the contralateral hemithorax and restriction of the dependent chest wall. We hypothesized that mechanical power would increase during one-lung ventilation in the lateral position.

METHODS:
We performed a prospective, observational, single-center study from December 2016 to May 2017. Thirty consecutive patients undergoing general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation (mean age, 68 ± 11 years; body mass index, 25 ± 5 kg·m−2) for thoracic surgery were enrolled. Total and partitioned mechanical power, lung and chest wall elastance, and esophageal pressure were compared in supine and lateral position with double- and one-lung ventilation and with closed and open chest both before and after surgery. Mixed factorial ANOVA for repeated measurements was performed, with both step and the period before or after surgery as 2 within-subject factors, and left or right body position during surgery as a fixed, between-subject factor. Appropriate interaction terms were included.

RESULTS:
The mechanical power was higher in lateral one-lung ventilation compared to both supine and lateral position double-lung ventilation (11.1 ± 3.0 vs 8.2 ± 2.7 vs 8.7 ± 2.6; mean difference, 2.9 J·minute−1 [95% CI, 1.4–4.4 J·minute−1] and 2.4 J·minute−1 [95% CI, 0.9–3.9 J·minute−1]; P < .001 and P = .002, respectively). Lung elastance was higher during lateral position one-lung ventilation compared to both lateral and supine double-lung ventilation (24.3 ± 8.7 vs 9.5 ± 3.8 vs 10.0 ± 3.8; mean difference, 14.7 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 11.2–18.2 cm H2O·L−1] and 14.2 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 10.8–17.7 cm H2O·L−1], respectively) and was higher compared to predicted values (20.1 ± 7.5 cm H2O·L−1). Chest wall elastance increased in lateral position double-lung ventilation compared to supine (11.1 ± 3.8 vs 6.6 ± 3.4; mean difference, 4.5 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 2.6–6.3 cm H2O·L−1]) and was lower in lateral position one-lung ventilation with open chest than with a closed chest (3.5 ± 1.9 vs 7.1 ± 2.8; mean difference, 3.6 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 2.4–4.8 cm H2O·L−1]). The end-expiratory esophageal pressure decreased moving from supine position to lateral position one-lung ventilation while increased with the opening of the chest wall.

CONCLUSIONS:
Mechanical power and lung elastance are increased in the lateral position with one-lung ventilation. Esophageal pressure monitoring may be used to follow these changes.
Characterizing the Structural Integrity of Endotracheal Tube Taping Techniques: A Simulation Study
Authors: Matchett Gerald , Yang Judy H. , Sripathi Nishith R. , Simpkins Landon , Ruikar Kinnari , Minhajuddin Abu , Whitten Charles W. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
Endotracheal tubes (ETTs) are commonly secured with tape to prevent undesirable tube migration. Many methods of taping have been described, although little has been published comparing various methods of taping to one another. In this study, we evaluated several methods for securing ETTs with tape. We hypothesized a difference in mean peak forces between the methods studied during forced extubation.

METHODS:
Five methods of securing an ETT with tape were studied in a variety of contexts including cadaver and simulation lab settings. Testing included measurement of peak force (Newton [N]) during forced extubation, durability of taping following mechanical stress, effects of tape length–width variation, and characterization of failure mechanisms.

RESULTS:
We found several significant differences in mean peak extubation forces between the 5 methods of taping, with mean peak forces during forced extubation ranging from 20 N to 156 N. In separate tests, we found an association between mean peak forces and total surface area as well as geometric configuration of tape on the face. Long thin strips of tape appeared to provide surprising durability against forced extubation, a phenomenon that was associated with minimization of the “peel angle” as tape was removed.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found evidence of differential structural integrity between the 5 taping methods studied. More generally, we found that increased peak extubation forces were associated with increased total surface area of tape and that minimization of the “peel angle” by lateral application of tape is associated with surprisingly high relative peak extubation forces.
Salivary Interleukin 1-beta levels and clinical periodontal parameters in habitual naswar users and non-users
Authors: Abbasi Zaeem Arif , Hadi Naila Irum , Zubairi Adnan Mustafa , Hosein Mervyn 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: Aim of our study was to assess the expression of salivary Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) and clinical periodontal parameters in naswar users and non-users (controls).
Methods: Eighty four individuals (forty-two naswar users and forty-two controls) were included in the study which was conducted between August 2017 and May 2018. Salivary IL-1β levels, plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was assessed in all the participants.
Results: PD of 4mm (p<0.05), PD of 5-6mm (p<0.05), CAL (p<0.001) and levels of salivary IL1β (p<0.05) were significantly higher among naswar users as compared to controls while PI, BOP and number of missing teeth showed no significant difference among the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Periodontal inflammatory conditions were worse and salivary IL-1β levels were elevated in naswar users as compared to controls.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.10
How to cite this:Abbasi ZA, Hadi NI, Zubairi AM, Hosein M. Salivary Interleukin 1-beta levels and clinical periodontal parameters in habitual naswar users and non-users. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):674-679. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.10
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Knowledge of clinicians/pediatricians about neonatal resuscitation in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Muneer Ayesha , Bari Attia , Haider Arslan , Ali Agha Shabbir 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To analyze the knowledge of the doctors dealing with pediatric patients about neonatal resuscitation.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at The Lahore General Hospital over one year. Total 137 doctors related to pediatrics with different job descriptions were enrolled and requested to fill a questionnaire proforma regarding their knowledge about basic equipment required and about neonatal resuscitation steps. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.
Results: Out of 137 participants, majority (71%) had >2 years of experience in pediatrics and 52.5% had higher postgraduate qualification. Neonatal resuscitation workshop was attended by 57% doctors. In resuscitation of newborns at the time of delivery, resuscitating doctors were assisted by nurse in 50%, by junior doctor in 35%, paramedic staff 11% and it was done by single doctor in 4% cases. Oxygen (central or O2 cylinder) and warmer facilities were available in 90% and 82% of health facilities respectively. Majority (86%) of participants were of view that every neonate must be attended at birth. Not a single doctor followed all the standard steps of neonatal resuscitation although 90% had knowledge about resuscitation equipment and common resuscitation drugs.
Conclusion: Pediatric health care professionals had knowledge about neonatal resuscitation but there are gaps in the practical application. There is a strong need of frequent neonatal resuscitation workshops for improving neonatal outcomes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.987
How to cite this:Muneer A, Bari A, Haider A, Ali AS. Knowledge of clinicians/pediatricians about neonatal resuscitation in a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):775-779. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.987
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Financial Condition and Solvency of Russian Business in Modern Conditions
Authors: Лысенко И. , Lysenko I. 
Published: May 2019

Financial condition of the enterprise determines solvency and competitiveness of the enterprise, its potential in business cooperation, is the guarantor of effective realization of economic interests of all participants of economic activity. Optimization of the financial condition of the enterprise is one of the main conditions for its successful development in the future.
The financial condition of the enterprise, its stability and stability depend on the results of its production, commercial and financial activities. If the production and financial plans are successfully implemented, it has a positive impact on the financial position of the enterprise. Conversely, as a result of the failure to fulfill the plan for the production and sale of products, there is an increase in its cost, a decrease in revenue and the amount of profit, and as a consequence, the deterioration of the financial condition of the enterprise and its solvency.
The article analyzes the dynamics of statistical indicators characterizing the financial condition of Russian enterprises in the period 2010-2018. The branch structure of distribution of the profitable companies is described. Indicators of solvency of national business in the conditions of macroeconomic instability are investigated.
Buyer Uncertainty About Seller Capacity: Causes, Consequences, and a Partial Solution
Authors: Horton John J. 
Published: May 2019

Employers in an online labor market often pursue workers with little capacity to take on more work. The pursuit of low-capacity workers is consequential, as these workers are more likely to reject employer inquires, causing a reduction in the probability that a job opening is ultimately filled. In an attempt to shift more employer attention to workers with greater capacity, the market-designing platform examined in this paper introduced a new signaling feature into the market. It was effective, in that when a worker signaled having high capacity, he or she received more invitations from employers, rejected a smaller fraction of those invitations, quoted lower prices to do the work, and was more likely to be hired. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests the signaling feature alone could increase market surplus by as much as 6%, both by increasing the number of matches formed and by helping to allocate projects to workers with lower costs. This paper was accepted by Lorin Hitt, information systems.
JURISDIÇÃO BRASILEIRA NOS PROCESSOS COLETIVOS TRANSNACIONAIS: O QUE PODEMOS APRENDER COM AS DISCUSSÕES ENFRENTADAS NO CONTEXTO EUROPEU?
Authors: Lino Daniela Bermudes 
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo objetiva a analisar o tema da jurisdição brasileira nos processos coletivos transnacionais. Para isso, realiza-se uma abordagem de conceitos centrais ao assunto e, posteriormente, examina-se algumas discussões que já estão sendo enfrentadas na União Europeia quanto à competência internacional em casos coletivos transnacionais, especialmente sob a ótica do instrumento Bruxelas I bis ( Regulamento 1215/2012). Ao final, se expõe o tema da jurisdição brasileira em processos coletivos transnacionais em cotejo com as discussões levantadas acerca do contexto europeu e com foco em uma leitura adequada do Código de Processo Civil de 2015.
TAX PLANNING IN BRAZIL: LEGAL REASONING AND CONSTITUTIONAL PROCESS IN BRAZILIAN SUPREME COURT
Authors: Gomes Marcus Livio , Pimentel Érico 
Published: May 2019

As in many countries around the world, the debate about tax planning concerns its limits, and there is a clash between two perspectives on the subject. On the one hand, there is a traditional perspective, whose advocates argue for the need to preserve the legal security of the taxpayer and the use of a more formalist interception method of tax rules. On the other side is the contemporary perspective, which seeks to balance the need to protect the taxpayer against abuse of tax authorities, but without neglecting the fact that the taxpayer sometimes practices abusive tax planning. At the center of this debate is the Federal Supreme Court (STF), a Brazilian constitutional court, which will examine the constitutionality of the sole paragraph of Article 116 of the National Tax Code, which for some academics is considered the Brazilian GAAR. The present paper aims to introduce and analyze some landmark points of the debate in Brazil, highlighting the legal reasoning deployed in this debate and the challenges for de constitutional process.
HEREDITARY FRUCTOSE INTOLERANCE IN A PEDIATRIC CONTEXT
Authors: Parente Lucas Leimig Telles , Parente Rodrigo Emmanuel Leimig Telles , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Silva Maria das Graças Nascimento 
Published: May 2019

Carbohydrate intolerance is relatively common in childhood, but its diagnosis and management are still quite precarious. Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive disease that results in deficiency of the enzyme aldolase B, which contributes to the onset of gastrointestinal and metabolic symptoms, triggered by the ingestion of foods high in fructose, sucrose or sorbitol. Methodology: For the accomplishment of such a study a search of the literature was done from August to September of the year 2018 with publication period of a maximum of 10 years. The theoretical reference was elaborated through the collection of relevant scientific articles on the subject, made in the electronic databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Pubmed, EBSCOhost and CAPES, from descriptors generated by DeCS: "Fructose Intolerance"; "Child" and its correspondents in English. Thus, 81 articles were obtained and, from the title of the literature and its abstracts, were used. 19 Ademias, articles that were related to the topics covered in this study or whose sample was not composed by humans were also discarded. The diagnosis of HFI is based on the suggestive clinical picture initiated after the ingestion of the fructose, sucrose and sorbitol already mentioned, associated with the use of invasive and noninvasive examinations, but the confirmation is based on the response to the improvement of the symptoms after the restriction of the ingestion of such food, which constitutes the best therapy. Conclusion: Based on the consequences of inadequate management of HFI, it is of fundamental importance that the affected children have an early diagnosis, associated with an adequate nutritional monitoring, which enables an improvement in the quality of life of these individuals, besides preventing important repercussions such as renal and hepatic impairment. Keywords: Hereditary Intolerance to Fructose, Child and Diet
MORGAGNI HERNIA AS A DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN AN ADULT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Nóbrega Edgley Almeida , Araújo Cicera Yolanda dos Santos , Araújo Moisés Ederlânio Tavares de , Costa Lineker Velozo , Gomes Ana Karolynne De Souza , Torres Larissa Moreira , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Morgagni Hernia (MH) is a defect between the transverse septum and the sternum, failing the fusion of the sternal and costal parts of the muscle, representing 3 to 4% of the hernia’s diaphragmatic lesions of congenital origin. It is present in 90% of the cases on the right side, 8% on the left side and 2% on the bilateral side. The aim of this article is to report a case on late presentation of MH and to emphasize the importance of this pathology to be analyzed with differential diagnosis in patients with respiratory symptoms. The subject is a patient, male, 62 years old, truck driver, married, with history of dyspnea on medium exertion and mild chest discomfort from 2 years. After 1 year of these symptoms, he evolved with major dyspnea on minor exertion, intense chest pain, without improvement with analgesics or with body positions, making it difficult to perform his usual activities as work and leisure. Multislice Computed Tomography of the Thorax, which showed: diaphragmatic hernia in the left hemithorax, with a ring/diaphragmatic fault located in the anterior and medial pericardial third, and an intrathoracic hernia, notably in the base and middle third in the anterior, lateral and posterior regions, with contents mesenteric and intestinal. The patient underwent thoracotomy in the sixth left intercostal space. A large amount of omentum, transverse colon, stomach, pulmonary atelectasis and small pleural effusion were found. The omentum resection was performed, located hernial ring in the antero-medial portion of the diaphragm, reduction of the hernia, placement of the Malex mesh and apposition of two anterior and posterior thoracic drains. Reports of patients initially diagnosed with pneumonia or treated as chronic dyspeptic, who progressed to intestinal necrosis, respiratory failure or other complications due to late diagnosis, emphasize the relevance of the knowledge of MH as a differential diagnosis of respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms.
The effect of different surface treatments on color and translucency of bilayered translucent nano-crystalline zirconia before and after accelerated aging
Authors: Wahba Mennatallah Mohie , Sherif Ashraf Hussien , El-Etreby Amr S , Morsi Tarek Salah 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Despite the higher translucency of nano-crystalline Y-TZP than the conventional Y-TZP, it couldn’t be used in the anterior region of the mouth in its fully anatomical form without veneering for better esthetics. This study evaluated the color change (?E) and translucency parameter (TP) of the bilayered nano-crystalline zirconia restorations after different treatments of the zirconia surface before and after accelerated aging. Material and Methods: Forty samples of inCoris TZI were cut in the form of discs 15 mm (diameter) and 1mm (thickness) so that after sintering each disc dimensions’ would be 12 mm (diameter) and 0.8 mm (thickness). All discs were colored by dipping in aqueous zirconia coloring solution of shade A2, then divided into four groups according to the type of surface treatment received before sintering; being tribochemical silica coating, zirconia powder deposition, glass grading, and a control untreated group. After sintering, all discs were veneered with a layer of porcelain 0.7 mm (thickness) and 12 mm (diameter). (?E) and TP were measured using VITA Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer before and after accelerated autoclave aging. Results: Different surface treatments applied had significant effect (P<0.05) over ?E and TP. Glass graded group showed the highest ?E value and the least TP value among both un-aged and aged sub-groups. Conclusion: Different surface treatments applied affected the color and translucency negatively where the control untreated group showed the highest TP and the least color deviation from the A2 color parameters. On the other hand, accelerated autoclave aging had no effect over translucency or color.KeywordsAging; Ceramic restoration; Color; Translucent.
Correlation Between Dental Caries And Salivary Albumin In Adult Population In Chennai: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Khandelwal Akshay , Palanivelu Ajitha 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between dental caries and levels of salivary albumin in unstimulated saliva of adults between the age group of 18 and 40 years from Chennai with varying caries experience as determined by their Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 60 healthy adult subjects with age group between 18 and 40 years. The healthy subjects without any chronic diseases, gingival or periodontal problems were selected. The patients were divided into four groups according to DMFT status as Group 1, DMFT 0; Group2, DMFT 1?5; Group 3, DMFT 6?10; and Group 4, as DMFT above 10. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from each subjects and the salivary albumin levels were estimated using the bromocresol green method (albumin colorimetric test). The obtained data was statistically analysed using one?way ANOVA and Tukey`s Honestly Significant Difference test. Results: The mean salivary albumin levels for the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were .086 ± .009 mg/ml, .083 ±.006 mg/ml, .070 ± .008 mg/ml and .056 ±.009 mg/ml respectively. There was an increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin level. There was a statistically significant difference among the groups except group 1 and 2. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the salivary albumin level and the incidence of dental caries. An increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin levels was seen suggestive of its importance in maintenance of tooth integrity.KeywordsCaries; Caries incidence; Dental caries; Salivary albumin; Salivary protein. KeywordsCaries; Caries incidence; Dental caries; Salivary albumin; Salivary protein.
Impact of Previous Exposure to Macrolide Antibiotics on Helicobacter pylori Infection Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Boltin Doron , Levi Zohar , Gingold-Belfer Rachel , Gabay Hagit , Shochat Tzippy , Niv Yaron , Dickman Ram , Dotan Iris , Birkenfeld Shlomo 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) guidelines, including the recent ACG clinical guideline, recommend avoiding clarithromycin-based triple therapy (TT-C) among patients with past macrolide exposure. Data to support this recommendation are scarce, and the impact of macrolide exposure on quadruple therapies is unclear. We aimed to determine the impact of macrolide exposure on the efficacy of H. pylori treatment in our region.

Methods:
We searched the Clalit Health Services database to identify subjects aged 25–60 years who underwent the first-ever 13C-urea breath test between 2010 and 2015. Patients who underwent a previous H. pylori stool antigen test or gastroscopy were excluded. Pharmacy dispensation data were retrieved.

Results:
We identified 7,842 subjects (36.1% male individuals, age: 40.3 ± 10.5 years), including 3,062 (39.0%) with previous macrolide exposure. The efficacy of TT-C was 74.3% and 82.4% among subjects with and without macrolide exposure, respectively (odds ratio (OR), 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55–0.70; P < 0.0001). TT success was adversely affected by exposure to clarithromycin (55.5%; OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.24–0.39; P < 0.0001), roxythromycin (74.4%; OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.58–0.74; P < 0.0001), and erythromycin (73.9%; OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57–0.89; P < 0.01) but not by exposure to azithromycin. A greater time elapsed because exposure to clarithromycin and roxythromycin was associated with higher eradication (OR, 1.007; 95% CI, 1.002–1.012; P < 0.01 and OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.002–1.006; P < 0.0001). A higher dose of clarithromycin and roxythromycin was associated with a lower likelihood of successful eradication (OR, 0.99988; 95% CI, 0.99982–0.99996; P < 0.01 and OR, 0.99981; 95% CI, 0.99971–0.99992; P < 0.001). The efficacies of sequential and concomitant therapies were 82.7% and 81.3%, respectively, and were not significantly affected by macrolide exposure.

Conclusions:
TT-C is adversely affected by previous exposure to macrolide antibiotics. Sequential, concomitant, and bismuth-based treatment may be preferred in this setting.