bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the high-redshift universe with SPICA: Toward the epoch of reionisation and beyond
Authors: Egami E. , Gallerani S. , Schneider R. , Pallottini A. , Vallini L. , Sobacchi E. , Ferrara A. , Bianchi S. , Bocchio M. , Marassi S. , Armus L. , Spinoglio L. , Blain A. W. , Bradford M. , Clements D. L. , Dannerbauer H. , Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , González-Alfonso E. , Griffin M. J. , Gruppioni C. , Kaneda H. , Kohno K. , Madden S. C. , Matsuhara H. , Najarro F. , Nakagawa T. , Oliver S. , Omukai K. , Onaka T. , Pearson C. , Perez-Fournon I. , Pérez-González P. G. , Schaerer D. , Scott D. , Serjeant S. , Smith J. D. , van der Tak F. F. S. , Wada T. , Yajima H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWith the recent discovery of a dozen dusty star-forming galaxies and around 30 quasars at z > 5 that are hyper-luminous in the infrared (μ LIR > 1013 L⊙, where μ is a lensing magnification factor), the possibility has opened up for SPICA, the proposed ESA M5 mid-/far-infrared mission, to extend its spectroscopic studies toward the epoch of reionisation and beyond. In this paper, we examine the feasibility and scientific potential of such observations with SPICA’s far-infrared spectrometer SAFARI, which will probe a spectral range (35–230 μm) that will be unexplored by ALMA and JWST. Our simulations show that SAFARI is capable of delivering good-quality spectra for hyper-luminous infrared galaxies at z = 5 − 10, allowing us to sample spectral features in the rest-frame mid-infrared and to investigate a host of key scientific issues, such as the relative importance of star formation versus AGN, the hardness of the radiation field, the level of chemical enrichment, and the properties of the molecular gas. From a broader perspective, SAFARI offers the potential to open up a new frontier in the study of the early Universe, providing access to uniquely powerful spectral features for probing first-generation objects, such as the key cooling lines of low-metallicity or metal-free forming galaxies (fine-structure and H2 lines) and emission features of solid compounds freshly synthesised by Population III supernovae. Ultimately, SAFARI’s ability to explore the high-redshift Universe will be determined by the availability of sufficiently bright targets (whether intrinsically luminous or gravitationally lensed). With its launch expected around 2030, SPICA is ideally positioned to take full advantage of upcoming wide-field surveys such as LSST, SKA, Euclid, and WFIRST, which are likely to provide extraordinary targets for SAFARI.
MAXIMUM CUTS IN GRAPHS WITHOUT WHEELS
Authors: LIN JING , ZENG QINGHOU , CHEN FUYUAN 
Published: December 2018

For a graph $G$, let $f(G)$ denote the maximum number of edges in a bipartite subgraph of $G$. Given a fixed graph $H$ and a positive integer $m$, let $f(m,H)$ denote the minimum possible cardinality of $f(G)$, as $G$ ranges over all graphs on $m$ edges that contain no copy of $H$. Alon et al. [‘Maximum cuts and judicious partitions in graphs without short cycles’, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 88 (2003), 329–346] conjectured that, for any fixed graph $H$, there exists an $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}(H)>0$ such that $f(m,H)\geq m/2+\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}(m^{3/4+\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}})$. We show that, for any wheel graph $W_{2k}$ of $2k$ spokes, there exists $c(k)>0$ such that $f(m,W_{2k})\geq m/2+c(k)m^{(2k-1)/(3k-1)}\log m$. In particular, we confirm the conjecture asymptotically for $W_{4}$ and give general lower bounds for $W_{2k+1}$.
A comparison of the effect of a Growing Up Milk – Lite (GUMLi) v. cows’ milk on longitudinal dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in children aged 12–23 months: the GUMLi randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lovell Amy L. , Davies Peter S. W. , Hill Rebecca J. , Milne Tania , Matsuyama Misa , Jiang Yannan , Chen Rachel X. , Grant Cameron C. , Wall Clare R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe second year of life is a period of nutritional vulnerability. We aimed to investigate the dietary patterns and nutrient intakes from 1 to 2 years of age during the 12-month follow-up period of the Growing Up Milk – Lite (GUMLi) trial. The GUMLi trial was a multi-centre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial of 160 healthy 1-year-old children in Auckland, New Zealand and Brisbane, Australia. Dietary intakes were collected at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-randomisation, using a validated FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis of the frequency of food item consumption per d. The effect of the intervention on dietary patterns and intake of eleven nutrients over the duration of the trial were investigated using random effects mixed models. A total of three dietary patterns were identified at baseline: ‘junk/snack foods’, ‘healthy/guideline foods’ and ‘breast milk/formula’. A significant group difference was observed in ‘breast milk/formula’ dietary pattern z scores at 12 months post-randomisation, where those in the GUMLi group loaded more positively on this pattern, suggesting more frequent consumption of breast milk. No difference was seen in the other two dietary patterns. Significant intervention effects were seen on nutrient intake between the GUMLi (intervention) and cows’ milk (control) groups, with lower protein and vitamin B12, and higher Fe, vitamin D, vitamin C and Zn intake in the GUMLi (intervention) group. The consumption of GUMLi did not affect dietary patterns, however, GUMLi participants had lower protein intake and higher Fe, vitamins D and C and Zn intake at 2 years of age.
Colonization dynamics of periphytic ciliates at different water depths in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China
Authors: Sikder Mohammad Nurul Azim , Abdullah Al Mamun , Hu Guobin , Xu Henglong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe colonization features of ciliate communities have proved to be a useful tool for indicating water quality status in aquatic ecosystems. To determine an optimal water depth for bioassessment using these ecological bioindicators, the colonization process of periphytic ciliates was studied at four depths of 1, 2, 3.5 and 5 m in Chinese coastal waters. Samples were collected at time intervals of 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days using glass slides. The periphytic ciliate communities represented similar colonization dynamics from a depth of 1 to 3.5 m: (1) the temporal variability was well fitted to the MacArthur-Wilson and logistic models; (2) the species composition reached an equilibrium during the exposure time periods of 10–14 days; and (3) the maximum abundances were definitely higher at a depth of 1 m than those at 3.5 m. PERMANOVA test revealed that the colonization pattern at 1 m depth was significantly different from those at the other three depths. Results suggest that the colonization dynamics of periphytic ciliates may be influenced by water depth in coastal waters. These findings provide an important reference for establishing an optimal sampling strategy for bioassessment on large spatial/temporal scales in marine ecosystems.
Effects of victimization on mental health and substance use trajectories in young sexual minority men
Authors: Swann Gregory , Forscher Emily , Bettin Emily , Newcomb Michael E. , Mustanski Brian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractYoung sexual minority men (YSMM) experience more victimization and are at higher risk for mental health and substance use problems compared with heterosexual youth. We attempt to understand change over time in the experience of these constructs among YSMM. Data were taken from a diverse community-based sample of YSMM (N = 450, baseline mean age 18.93) surveyed every 6 months for 2.5 years. Multilevel modeling was used to model within-person change in victimization, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, alcohol frequency, marijuana use, and illicit drug use. We tested the indirect effect of concurrent and time-lagged victimization on the association between age and mental health and substance use. Victimization, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms decreased over time. Concurrent victimization was associated with higher internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, alcohol use, marijuana use, and illicit drug use. Analysis of indirect effects suggested that the association between victimization and mental health and substance use outcomes decreased as participants transitioned from adolescence into adulthood. This study found that the reduction in victimization that YSMM experience as they grow older is associated with a reduction in negative mental health and substance use outcomes. Prevention efforts to limit victimization exposure may reduce health disparities for YSMM.
Childhood adversity, externalizing behavior, and substance use in adolescence: Mediating effects of anterior cingulate cortex activation during inhibitory errors
Authors: Fava Nicole M. , Trucco Elisa M. , Martz Meghan E. , Cope Lora M. , Jester Jennifer M. , Zucker Robert A. , Heitzeg Mary M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractChildhood adversity can negatively impact development across various domains, including physical and mental health. Adverse childhood experiences have been linked to aggression and substance use; however, developmental pathways to explain these associations are not well characterized. Understanding early precursors to later problem behavior and substance use can inform preventive interventions. The aim of the current study was to examine neurobiological pathways through which childhood adversity may lead to early adolescent problem behavior and substance use in late adolescence by testing two prospective models. Our first model found that early adolescent externalizing behavior mediates the association between childhood adversity and alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use in late adolescence. Our second model found that activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during an inhibitory control task mediates the association between childhood adversity and early adolescent externalizing behavior, with lower ACC activation associated with higher levels of adversity and more externalizing behavior. Together these findings indicate that the path to substance use in late adolescence from childhood adversity may operate through lower functioning in the ACC related to inhibitory control and externalizing behavior. Early life stressors should be considered an integral component in the etiology and prevention of early and problematic substance use.
Spatial ecology of the Mariana Crow Corvus kubaryi: Implications for management strategies
Authors: FAEGRE SARAH K. , NIETMANN LINDSEY , HUBL DYLAN , HA JAMES C. , HA RENEE R. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryKnowledge of species-specific spatial ecology is critical for applying appropriate management strategies to maximise conservation outcomes. We used radio-telemetry to describe spatial behaviour of the critically endangered, island-endemic Mariana Crow Corvus kubaryi. To determine whether management strategies should reflect life stage, we measured the home ranges and daily movements of 22 Mariana Crows. Fledgling mobility was low during the first 31 days post-fledging and effects of age (fledgling or sub-adult) and time (months post-fledging or post-dispersal) were often driven entirely by this period. After controlling for reduced fledgling mobility, cumulative home range size increased over time for both age classes and was, on average, more than twice the area for sub-adults than fledglings. Sub-adults also tended to make longer daily movements than fledglings. Non-cumulative, monthly home range areas did not increase over time but the average overlap in home range area between consecutive months was only 63%, suggesting large shifts in space use each month. These results highlight the dynamic nature of Mariana Crow home ranges and suggest that large-scale management efforts are critical for protecting both breeding and non-breeding individuals. The application of the traditional home range concept to Mariana Crows and other wide-ranging passerine birds may result in sub-optimal management strategies. Instead, we recommend that the spatial and temporal scale of conservation efforts be informed by species-specific spatial behaviour across all relevant life stages.
Emerging trends in the prenatal diagnosis of complex CHD and its influence on infant mortality in this cohort
Authors: Gorla Sudheer R. , Chakraborty Abhishek , Garg Ashish , Gugol Rubee A. , Kardon Richard E. , Swaminathan Sethuraman 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundFetal echocardiography is the main modality of prenatal diagnosis of CHD. This study was done to describe the trends and benefits associated with prenatal diagnosis of complex CHD at a tertiary care centre.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients with complex CHD over an 18-year period was performed. Rates of prenatal detection along with early and late infant mortality outcomes were studied.ResultsOf 381 complex CHD patients born during the study period, 68.8% were diagnosed prenatally. Prenatal detection rate increased during the study period from low-50s in the first quarter to mid-80s in the last quarter (p=0.001). Rate of detection of conotruncal anomalies increased over the study period. No infant mortality benefit was noted with prenatal detection.ConclusionsImproved obstetrical screening indications and techniques have contributed to higher proportions of prenatal diagnosis of complex CHD. However, prenatal diagnosis did not confer survival benefits in infancy in our study.
Getting the Message Out: Social Media and Word-of-Mouth as Effective Communication Methods during Emergencies
Authors: Wolkin Amy F. , Schnall Amy H. , Nakata Nicole K. , Ellis Esther M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEffective communication is a critical part of managing an emergency. During an emergency, the ways in which health agencies normally communicate warnings may not reach all of the intended audience. Not all communities are the same, and households within communities are diverse. Because different communities prefer different communication methods, community leaders and emergency planners need to know their communities’ preferred methods for seeking information about an emergency. This descriptive report explores findings from previous community assessments that have collected information on communication preferences, including television (TV), social media, and word-of-mouth (WoM) delivery methods. Data were analyzed from 12 Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPERs) conducted from 2014-2017 that included questions regarding primary and trusted communication sources. A CASPER is a rapid needs assessment designed to gather household-based information from a community. In 75.0% of the CASPERs, households reported TV as their primary source of information for specific emergency events (range = 24.0%-83.1%). Households reporting social media as their primary source of information differed widely across CASPERs (3.2%-41.8%). In five of the CASPERs, nearly one-half of households reported WoM as their primary source of information. These CASPERs were conducted in response to a specific emergency (ie, chemical spill, harmful algal bloom, hurricane, and flood). The CASPERs conducted as part of a preparedness activity had lower percentages of households reporting WoM as their primary source of information (8.3%-10.4%). The findings in this report demonstrate the need for emergency plans to include hybrid communication models, combining traditional methods with newer technologies to reach the broadest audience. Although TV was the most commonly reported preferred source of information, segments of the population relied on social media and WoM messaging. By using multiple methods for risk communication, emergency planners are more likely to reach the whole community and engage vulnerable populations that might not have access to, trust in, or understanding of traditional news sources. Multiple communication channels that include user-generated content, such as social media and WoM, can increase the timeliness of messaging and provide community members with message confirmation from sources they trust encouraging them to take protective public health actions.WolkinAF, SchnallAH, NakataNK, EllisEM. Getting the message out: social media and word-of-mouth as effective communication methods during emergencies. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):89–94.
MODELS OF POSITIVE TRUTH
Authors: ŁEŁYK MATEUSZ , WCISŁO BARTOSZ 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper is a follow-up to [4], in which a mistake in [6] (which spread also to [9]) was corrected. We give a strenghtening of the main result on the semantical nonconservativity of the theory of PT−with internal induction for total formulae${(\rm{P}}{{\rm{T}}^ - } + {\rm{INT}}\left( {{\rm{tot}}} \right)$, denoted by PT−in [9]). We show that if to PT−the axiom of internal induction forallarithmetical formulae is added (giving${\rm{P}}{{\rm{T}}^ - } + {\rm{INT}}$), then this theory is semantically stronger than${\rm{P}}{{\rm{T}}^ - } + {\rm{INT}}\left( {{\rm{tot}}} \right)$. In particular the latter is not relatively truth definable (in the sense of [11]) in the former. Last but not least, we provide an axiomatic theory of truth which meets the requirements put forward by Fischer and Horsten in [9]. The truth theory we define is based on Weak Kleene Logic instead of the Strong one.
Psychotic experiences and subjective cognitive complaints among 224 842 people in 48 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Koyanagi A. , Stubbs B. , Lara E. , Veronese N. , Vancampfort D. , Smith L. , Haro J. M. , Oh H. , DeVylder J. E. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Aims
Cognitive deficits are an important factor in the pathogenesis of psychosis. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are often considered to be a precursor of objective cognitive deficits, but there are no studies specifically on SCC and psychotic experiences (PE). Thus, we assessed the association between SCC and PE using data from 48 low- and middle-income countries.

Methods
Community-based cross-sectional data of the World Health Survey were analysed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 to 10 with higher scores representing more severe SCC. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify past 12-month PE. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed.

Results
The final sample consisted of 224 842 adults aged ⩾18 years [mean (SD) age 38.3 (16.0) years; 49.3% males]. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, a one-unit increase in the SCC scale was associated with a 1.17 (95% CI 1.16–1.18) times higher odds for PE in the overall sample, with this association being more pronounced in younger individuals: age 18–44 years OR = 1.19 (95% CI 1.17–1.20); 45–64 years OR = 1.15 (95% CI 1.12–1.17); ⩾65 years OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.09–1.19). Collectively, other mental health conditions (perceived stress, depression, anxiety, sleep problems) explained 43.4% of this association, and chronic physical conditions partially explained the association but to a lesser extent (11.8%).

Conclusions
SCC were associated with PE. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporal associations and causal inferences, while the utility of SCC as a risk marker for psychosis especially for young adults should be scrutinised.
Seismic Evidence for a Mantle Transition Zone Origin of the Wudalianchi and Halaha Volcanoes in Northeast China
Authors: Wei Wei , Hammond James O. S. , Zhao Dapeng , Xu Jiandong , Liu Qian , Gu Yaning 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere exists much debate about origins of Cretaceous to present volcanism in northeast (NE) China. Here we present high‐resolution seismic images of the upper mantle beneath NE China obtained by inverting P wave traveltime data recorded by two dense linear arrays. The inclusion of the new data set has greatly improved sampling of the upper mantle beneath the study region, providing tight constraints on the seismic structure under the intraplate Wudalianchi and Halaha volcanoes. Local‐scale low P wave velocity (low‐Vp) anomalies are revealed in the shallow mantle beneath the two volcanoes, whereas a large‐scale high‐Vp zone is imaged in the mantle transition zone. These new results suggest that the two volcanoes, though located at different sites above the stagnant Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone, are likely related to the deep subduction and dehydration of the Pacific slab, possibly through hot and wet upwelling in the big mantle wedge beneath Wudalianchi and through deeper hydrous upwelling related to slab avalanche beneath Halaha. Our results also reveal other striking features, such as high‐Vp anomalies resting atop the 410‐km discontinuity beneath the Great Xing'an Range and the Songliao Basin, which are attributed to detached continental lithosphere. The delamination most likely occurred in the Cretaceous, which induced widespread magmatism in NE China.
Strain Field Associated With a Component of Divergent Motion Along the Southern Dead Sea Fault: Insights From Magnetic Fabrics
Authors: Issachar R. , Levi T. , Marco S. , Weinberger R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to reconstruct the strain field along the southern segment of the Dead Sea Fault (DSF) plate boundary, we analyzed the magnetic fabrics of carbonate rocks, outcropping along it. The magnetic fabrics provide a microstructural indicator that help to approximate the principal strain directions in the rocks. Our analysis includes ~900 cores from 58 sampling localities, along ~400 km of the southern DSF. We measured the magnetic fabrics of (1) pure calcite‐bearing limestones that consist diamagnetic fabrics and (2) chalks with composite fabrics, which we further separated into diamagnetic and paramagnetic subfabrics, using measurements of Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility at low temperatures. The results show that 87% of the diamagnetic fabrics and subfabrics are of tectonic origin. The orientations of the maximum Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility axes (K3axes) approximately align with the maximum horizontal shortening directions along the southern segment of the DSF, differ from the remote stress direction, and are largely parallel to the main trace of the DSF. This parallelism is not related to local variations in the geometry of the faults. We suggest that the deflection of the maximum horizontal shortening parallel to the transform plate boundary is a kinematic consequence of the Sinai‐Arabia relative plate motion, which expresses a component of divergence along the southern segment of the DSF. We conclude that magnetic fabrics of carbonate rocks are sensitive and reliable microstructural indicators for determination of the strain field along major fault systems.