bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Photoreceptor Donor-Host Interaction Following Transplantation Reveals a Role for Crx, Müller Glia, and Rho/ROCK Signaling in Neurite Outgrowth
Authors: Tsai En L. S. , Ortin-Martinez Arturo , Gurdita Akshay , Comanita Lacrimioara , Yan Nicole , Smiley Sheila , Delplace Vianney , Shoichet Molly S. , Nickerson Philip E. B. , Wallace Valerie A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The goal of photoreceptor transplantation is to establish functional synaptic connectivity between donor cells and second-order neurons in the host retina. There is, however, limited evidence of donor-host photoreceptor connectivity post-transplant. In this report, we investigated the effect of the host retinal environment on donor photoreceptor neurite outgrowth in vivo and identified a neurite outgrowth-promoting effect of host Crx(−/−) retinas following transplantation of purified photoreceptors expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). To investigate the noncell autonomous factors that influence donor cell neurite outgrowth in vitro, we established a donor-host coculture system using postnatal retinal aggregates. Retinal cell aggregation is sensitive to several factors, including plate coating substrate, cell density, and the presence of Müller glia. Donor photoreceptors exhibit motility in aggregate cultures and can engraft into established aggregate structures. The neurite outgrowth-promoting phenotype observed in Crx(−/−) recipients in vivo is recapitulated in donor-host aggregate cocultures, demonstrating the utility of this surrogate in vitro approach. The removal of Müller glia from host aggregates reduced donor cell neurite outgrowth, identifying a role for this cell type in donor-host signaling. Although disruption of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in aggregates had no effect on the neurite outgrowth of donor photoreceptors, disruption of Rho/ROCK signaling enhanced outgrowth. Collectively, these data show a novel role of Crx, Müller glia, and Rho/ROCK signaling in controlling neurite outgrowth and provide an accessible in vitro model that can be used to screen for factors that regulate donor-host connectivity. Stem Cells 2019;37:529–541
Plugged and Unplugged Reading: Studying the Preferences of Readers
Authors: McVicker Claudia J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTheiPad has risen to become the preferred affordable device for classroom instruction and reading. Although multiple studies have been conducted on reading instruction and efficacy usingiPads, little empirical research currently has supported theiPad as a preferential choice by readers. Therefore, in this study, the author aimed to investigate the preferences of readers using e‐books or t‐books (traditional print books). In this qualitative case study, 98 fourth graders read three books in one of two formats: one as a t‐book, one as aniPad e‐book, and one as the reader's choice of t‐book or e‐book. Triangulated data were collected from aniPad usage questionnaire, a reading attitude survey, and focus group discussion transcripts. The results of the study indicate that readers have distinct preferences if provided a choice. Teachers should provide time for both plugged and unplugged reading daily.
Nutrient limitation and enzymolysis of phosphorus in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu, during algal blooms
Authors: Jiang Mengqi , Ji Xiyan , Zhou Yanping , Zhang Weizhen , Zhang Chengjin , Zhang Jibiao , Zheng Zheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, algal growth potential tests were performed in water samples collected from six sampling sites in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu. The potential release of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) by enzymatic hydrolysis of enzymatically hydrolyzable phosphorus (EHP) was simultaneously evaluated. Results show that all studied regions were in highly eutrophic states, with additional nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) inputs, inducing negligible further increase in algal growth. EHP in water could be rapidly transformed into SRP, further supporting the proliferation of algal blooms. The shortest EHP mineralization time was calculated as 69 minutes; therefore, limiting specific nutrient inputs alone in extremely eutrophic lakes can have a limited effect on suppressing the proliferation of algal blooms. Methods to establish a suitable environmental fate for excessive nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients may be more effective and provide more significant results.Practitioner points

N and P were no longer serving as the limiting factors in Meiliang Bay.

Enzymatically hydrolysable phosphorus could be hydrolyzed into soluble reactive phosphorus in a very short period during algal blooms.

Both enzymatically hydrolysable phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus are required to be curbed in practical eutrophication control.
Bone‐derived biochar and magnetic biochar for effective removal of fluoride in groundwater: Effects of synthesis method and coexisting chromium
Authors: Zhou Jingyao , Liu Yuyan , Han Yitong , Jing Fanqi , Chen Jiawei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe presence of fluoride in groundwater in excess of 1.5 mg L−1 is a major environmental health concern, and biochar is a promising low‐cost adsorbent for the treatment of such water. In the present study, pristine and magnetic biochars were synthesized by peanut hull and bovine bone for the adsorption of fluoride. The biochars were systematically characterized by SEM‐EDS, BET, XRD, VSM, FT‐IR, and XPS. The experiment results showed that the magnetic biochar prepared by soaking biomass in FeCl3 solution and then pyrolyzing (“prepyrolysis”) had a higher adsorption capacity than that prepared by mixing pristine biochar with Fe2+/Fe3+ solution and then treating with NaOH (“postpyrolysis”). The bone‐derived biochar and magnetic biochar exhibited high adsorption capacity of fluoride (>5 mg g−1) due to the presence of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and γ‐Fe2O3. The 0.1 M NaOH solution could be optimal desorption agent, and the adsorption–desorption experiments indicated the bone biochars maintained the reasonable adsorption capacity after several cycles. Moreover, the coexisting Cr(VI) and fluoride could be removed simultaneously by bone‐derived biochars. It is suggested that bovine bone‐derived pristine and magnetic biochars can be used as preferential adsorbents for fluoride removal from contaminated groundwater.Practitioner points

Bone‐derived pristine and magnetic biochars exhibit high adsorption capacity for fluoride in weakly alkaline solution.

The presence of hydroxyapatite and γ‐Fe2O3 in bone‐derived biochars plays an important role for fluoride adsorption.

Magnetic biochars prepared by soaking biomass in FeCl3 solution and then pyrolyzing (“prepyrolysis”) perform better.

The coexisting Cr(VI) and fluoride can be simultaneously removed in groundwater by bone biochars.
Two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization
Authors: Colangelo Gilberto , Hoferichter Martin , Stoffer Peter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe present a detailed analysis ofe+e−→π+π−data up to$$ \sqrt{s}=1 $$s=1GeV in the framework of dispersion relations. Starting from a family ofππ P-wave phase shifts, as derived from a previous Roy-equation analysis ofππscattering, we write down an extended Omnès representation of the pion vector form factor in terms of a few free parameters and study to which extent the modern high-statistics data sets can be described by the resulting fit function that follows from general principles of QCD. We find that statistically acceptable fits do become possible as soon as potential uncertainties in the energy calibration are taken into account, providing a strong cross check on the internal consistency of the data sets, but preferring a mass of theωmeson significantly lower than the current PDG average. In addition to a complete treatment of statistical and systematic errors propagated from the data, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the systematic errors in the dispersive representation and derive the consequences for the two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization. In a global fit to both time- and space-like data sets we findaμππ|≤ 1 GeV = 495.0(1.5)(2.1) × 10− 10andaμππ|≤ 0.63 GeV = 132.8(0.4)(1.0) × 10− 10. While the constraints are thus most stringent for low energies, we obtain uncertainty estimates throughout the whole energy range that should prove valuable in corroborating the corresponding contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. As side products, we obtain improved constraints on theππ P-wave, valuable input for future global analyses of low-energyππscattering, as well as a determination of the pion charge radius, 〈rπ2〉 = 0.429(1)(4) fm2.
Emergency Abdominal Surgery Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Case‐Matched Study with a Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Taieb Anna , Jeune Florence , Lebbah Said , Schmidt Matthieu , Deransy Romain , Vaillant Jean‐Christophe , Luyt Charles‐Edouard , Trésallet Christophe , Combes Alain , Bréchot Nicolas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) induces coagulation disorders increasing the risk of bleeding during invasive procedures. We aimed to describe the outcomes of critically ill ECMO patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery compared to non‐ECMO patients.Study designThis is a retrospective case‐matched single‐center study with propensity score analysis in a tertiary ICU. All patients who underwent abdominal surgery were included.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2014, 77 patients admitted in our ICU underwent emergency abdominal surgery, 35 were on ECMO. Surgery indications were comparable for ECMO and non‐ECMO patients: mostly intestinal ischemia (42%) and cholecystectomy (25%). Postoperative bleeding was significantly more frequent in ECMO group versus non‐ECMO: 77% versus 40% transfused, with medians of 13 (6–22) versus 3 (0–5) packed red blood cell; 9 (3–17) versus 0 (0–4) fresh frozen plasma and 12 (3–22) versus 0 (0–8) platelet units (p < 0.001 for all items). Reintervention for hemorrhage was required in 20% versus 2%, respectively, p = 0.02. At multivariable analysis, ECMO was strongly associated with bleeding (OR, 5.6 [95% CI, 2.0–15.4]; p = 0.001). ICU mortality was higher for ECMO‐treated patients (69% vs. 33%; p = 0.003), but perioperative mortality remained comparable between groups (11% vs. 12%, NS). Propensity score‐matched analysis confirmed more frequent and severe bleeding in ECMO patients.ConclusionsAbdominal surgery procedures on ECMO‐treated patients are associated with a higher risk of hemorrhage compared to non‐ECMO ICU patients. Further studies are needed to optimize ECMO patient management during such interventions.
Evidence‐Based Management of Postoperative Pain in Adults Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Macfater Hoani , Xia Weisi , Srinivasa Sanket , Hill Andrew Graham , Van De Velde Marc , Joshi Girsh P. ,   PROSPECT collaborators, Beloeil H. , Bonnet F. , Hill A. , Joshi G. P. , Kehlet H. , Lavand’homme P. , Lirk P. , Pogatzki‐Zahn E. , Rawal N. , Raeder J. , Schug S. , Van de Velde M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a common weight loss operation that is increasingly being managed on an outpatient or overnight stay basis. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available literature and develop recommendations for optimal pain management after LSG.MethodsA systematic review utilizing preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis with PROcedure SPECific Postoperative Pain ManagemenT methodology was undertaken. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the English language from inception to September 2018 assessing postoperative pain using analgesic, anesthetic, and surgical interventions were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Databases.ResultsSignificant heterogeneity was identified in the 18 RCTs included in this systematic review. Gabapentinoids and transversus abdominis plane blocks reduced LSG postoperative pain. There was limited procedure‐specific evidence of analgesic effects for acetaminophen, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, dexamethasone, magnesium, and tramadol in this setting. Inconsistent evidence was found in the studies investigating alpha‐2‐agonists. No evidence was found for intraperitoneal local anesthetic administration or single‐port laparoscopy.ConclusionsThe literature to recommend an optimal analgesic regimen for LSG is limited. The pragmatic view supports acetaminophen and a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, with opioids as rescue analgesics. Gabapentinoids should be used with caution, as they may amplify opioid‐induced respiratory depression. Although transversus abdominis plane blocks reduced pain, port‐site infiltration may be considered instead, as it is a simple and inexpensive approach that provides adequate somatic blockade. Further RCTs are required to confirm the influence of the recommended analgesic regimen on postoperative pain relief.
Comparison of gal–lac operons in wild-type galactose-positive and -negative Streptococcus thermophilus by genomics and transcription analysis
Authors: Xiong Zhi-Qiang , Kong Ling-Hui , Meng Hai-Lin , Cui Jin-Ming , Xia Yong-Jun , Wang Shi-Jie , Ai Lian-Zhong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the most important homo-fermentative thermophilic bacteria, which is widely used as a starter culture in dairy industry. Both wild-type galactose-negative (Gal−) S. thermophilus AR333 and galactose-positive (Gal+) S. thermophilus S-3 in this study were isolated from Chinese traditional dairy products. Here, to access the mechanism of the difference of galactose utilization between strains AR333 and S-3, the expression of gal–lac operons was examined using real-time qPCR in the presence of different sugars, and the gene organization of gal–lac operons was characterized using comparative genomics analysis. As compared with medium containing glucose, the expression of gal–lac operons in AR333 and S-3 was significantly activated (&gt; 5-fold) in the presence of galactose or lactose in the medium. More importantly, the expression of gal operon in S-3 was higher than that of AR333, suggesting that the strength of gal promoter in AR333 and S-3 may be different. The genomes of AR333 and S-3 were the first time sequenced to provide insight into the difference of gal–lac operons in these two strains. Comparative genomics analysis showed that gene order and individual gene size of gal–lac operons are conserved in AR333 and S-3. The DNA sequence of gal operon responsible for galactose utilization between AR333 and S-3 is almost identical except that galK promoter of S-3 possesses single base pair mutation (G to A substitution) at -9 box galK region. Moreover, the expression of red fluorescent protein can be activated by galK promoter of S-3, but cannot by galK promoter of AR333 in galactose medium, suggesting that gal operon is silent in AR333 and active in S-3 under galactose-containing medium. Overall, our results indicated that single point mutation at -9 box in the galK promoter can significantly affect the expression of gal operon and is largely responsible for the Gal+ phenotype of S. thermophilus.
Chebyshev collocation treatment of Volterra–Fredholm integral equation with error analysis
Authors: Youssri Y. H. , Hafez R. M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis work reports a collocation algorithm for the numerical solution of a Volterra–Fredholm integral equation (V-FIE), using shifted Chebyshev collocation (SCC) method. Some properties of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials are presented. These properties together with the shifted Gauss–Chebyshev nodes were then used to reduce the Volterra–Fredholm integral equation to the solution of a matrix equation. Nextly, the error analysis of the proposed method is presented. We compared the results of this algorithm with others and showed the accuracy and potential applicability of the given method.
Correlation of Doppler Velocimetry of Uterine and Umbilical Arteries with Placental Pathology in Pregnancy Associated with Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Maged Ahmed M. , Waly Mohamed , AbdelHak Ahmed , Eissa Tamer S. , Osman Nada K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo correlate histomorphology of the placenta with Doppler studies of uterine and umbilical arteries. A comparative observational study conducted on 75 pregnant women divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included 25 women with appropriate for gestational age fetuses. Group 2 included 50 women with FGR. Uterine and umbilical artery Doppler, study of placental pathology and immunohistochemistry of placental villous tissues were evaluated. There was a significant difference between the two study groups regarding both abnormal uterine (0 vs. 58%) and umbilical artery (0 vs. 58%) Doppler (p≤<≤0.001). Syncytial knots≤>≤30% (44 vs. 60%), fibrinoid necrosis≤>≤5% (8 vs. 46.7%), placental infarction≤>≤5% (0 vs. 15%), perivillous fibrinoid deposition≤>≤5% (1.8 vs. 16.7%) (p≤<≤0.001) but not calcifications (56 vs. 60%, p≤=≤0.121) were significantly higher in FGR placentas. A statistically significant (p≤<≤0.001) increase in the expression of VEGF in FGR placentas when compared with normal placentas. Abnormal uterine artery but not umbilical artery Doppler was significantly associated with abnormal placental pathology. Women with both abnormal uterine and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetries were delivered earlier and their babies had lower mean birth and placental weight (p≤<≤0.001). Incidence of abnormal placental pathology was significantly higher in this specific group of FGR pregnancies (p≤<≤0.001). There is high association between abnormal uterine and umbilical artery Doppler and placental pathology in FGR associated pregnancies.
Trial Registration NCT03081754.
The associations among self‐criticism, hopelessness, rumination, and NSSI in adolescents: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Gong Tieying , Ren Yaxuan , Wu Jie , Jiang Yongqiang , Hu Wenpeng , You Jianing 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionNonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is a pervasive public health problem among adolescents. Self‐criticism has been identified as an important risk factor for NSSI. Potential mediators of the relationship between self‐criticism and NSSI and potential moderators that may exacerbate or buffer this association, however, have seldom been explored. The current study tested the mediating effect of hopelessness and the moderating effect of rumination.Methods915 Chinese participants (405 girls; mean age = 15.85, SD = 1.47) were recruited from junior and senior high schools. They completed questionnaires regarding self‐criticism, hopelessness, rumination, and NSSI.ResultsSelf‐criticism was significantly associated with NSSI, and this association was mediated by hopelessness. Rumination strengthened the association between self‐criticism and hopelessness, as well as the association between hopelessness and NSSI.ConclusionsAlthough this study is a cross‐sectional design, these findings can help researchers and practitioners understand the relationship among self‐criticism, hopelessness, rumination, and NSSI. Moreover, implications for preventions and interventions of NSSI were discussed.
Maintenance in aeronautics in an Industry 4.0 context: The role of Augmented Reality and Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ceruti Alessandro , Marzocca Pier , Liverani Alfredo , Bil Cees 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The paper broadly addresses how Industry 4.0 program drivers will impact maintenance in aviation. Specifically, Industry 4.0 practices most suitable to aeronautical maintenance are selected, and a detailed exposure is provided. Advantages and open issues are widely discussed and case studies dealing with realistic scenarios are illustrated to support what has been proposed by authors. The attention has been oriented towards Augmented Reality and Additive Manufacturing technologies, which can support maintenance tasks and spare parts production, respectively. The intention is to demonstrate that Augmented Reality and Additive Manufacturing are viable tools in aviation maintenance, and while a strong effort is necessary to develop an appropriate regulatory framework, mandatory before the wide-spread introduction of these technologies in the aerospace systems maintenance process, there has been a great interest and pull from the industry sector.
Highlights Industry 4.0 practices most suitable to aeronautical maintenance are selected. Advantages and open issues are widely discussed and case studies are illustrated. Augmented Reality can support maintenance tasks. Additive Manufacturing can be useful to produce spare parts. A strong effort is necessary to develop an appropriate aeronautical regulatory framework.
Scale invariance in finite Reynolds number homogeneous isotropic turbulence
Authors: Djenidi L. , Antonia R. A. , Tang S. L. 
Published: February 2019

The problem of homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT) is revisited within the analytical framework of the Navier–Stokes equations, with a view to assessing rigorously the consequences of the scale invariance (an exact property of the Navier–Stokes equations) for any Reynolds number. The analytical development, which is independent of the 1941 (K41) and 1962 (K62) theories of Kolmogorov for HIT for infinitely large Reynolds number, is applied to the transport equations for the second- and third-order moments of the longitudinal velocity increment, $(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}u)$. Once the normalised equations and the constraints required for complying with the scale-invariance property of the equations are presented, results derived from these equations and constraints are discussed and compared with measurements. It is found that the fluid viscosity, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$, and the mean kinetic energy dissipation rate, $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}}$ (the overbar denotes spatial and/or temporal averaging), are the only scaling parameters that make the equations scale-invariant. The analysis further leads to expressions for the distributions of the skewness and the flatness factor of $(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}u)$ and shows that these distributions must exhibit plateaus (of different magnitudes) in the dissipative and inertial ranges, as the Taylor microscale Reynolds number $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}$ increases indefinitely. Also, the skewness and flatness factor of the longitudinal velocity derivative become constant as $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}$ increases; this is supported by experimental data. Further, the analysis, backed up by experimental evidence, shows that, beyond the dissipative range, the behaviour of $\overline{(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}u)^{n}}$ with $n=2$, 3 and 4 cannot be represented by a power law of the form $r^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}_{n}}$ when the Reynolds number is finite. It is shown that only when $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\rightarrow \infty$ can an $n$-thirds law (i.e. $\overline{(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}u)^{n}}\sim r^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}_{n}}$, with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}_{n}=n/3$) emerge, which is consistent with the onset of a scaling range.
Upper Miocene Ostracoda in a gravity flow deposit in Central Japan: significance of paleogeography and paleoceanography
Authors: Tanaka Gengo , Moriwaki Hiroshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGenusNeosinocythereis described from the upper Miocene Itahana Formation in Central Japan, documenting the first record from Japan. TheNeosinocytherespecies were discovered in gravity-flow sediments that were deposited below a depth of 84.9 m with a paleo-summer bottom temperature of 23.7°C and a paleo-winter bottom temperature of 14.1°C, based on a modern analog technique using the ostracode assemblage. Paleobiogeographical and paleoenvironmental analyses indicate thatNeosinocythereappeared around the southeastern coast of the Eurasian continent, extended distribution in the northern coast of the Eurasian continent before migrating southward along the coast of the Eurasian continent as global temperatures decreased. The high-diversity area shifted from high latitudes to low latitudes.