bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cossacks in the Movement of Zemstvo Militias in Russia (1611–1612)
Authors: Tyumentsev Igor 
Published: September 2019

ntroduction. The issue of the Cossacks’ participation in the events of the Time of Troubles in the last decades is one of the most relevant in connection with the modern social movement for “the recovery of the Cossacks”. Methods and materials. Studies of the late 20th – early 21st centuries show that one of the main forces of the rebel movement at the first stages of the Time of Troubles were the Cossacks who were in military public service of the cities of the southern Ukraine of Russia. Researchers have quite deeply developed the issue of the Cossacks’ participation in the movements of impostors of 1604–1610, begun studying the history of free Cossack troops in 1613–1618. However, the Cossacks’ participation in the zemstvo liberation movement is investigated insufficiently now. Analysis. The Zemstvo, an elective district and provincial administrative assembly in the prerevolutionary Russia, failed to call together a proper Assembly of the Land (Zemsky Sobor) of the correct composition. They were unable to do so due to the lack of members of the Sacred Council in the Boyar Duma detachments since the establishment of the Zemstvo militia. The lower curia of the Assembly of the Land was convened near Moscow. It comprised the members elected by the nobility and the tenements and formed the Sovet vsej Zemli. The Council appointed a three-man government which included boyar prince D.T. Trubetskoy, boyar hetman I.M. Zarutsky and Duma nobleman P.P. Lyapunov. On June 30, 1611 Sovet vsej Zemli adopted the Verdict which was a kind of Zemstvo Constitution. Under the circumstances, in the camps, there was a transformation of Cossack serving regiments from government and rebel troops into the free Russian Cossack Host on the pattern of the Don, Zaporozhye and Terek Cossack Hosts. The Cossack Circle similarly to Sovet vsej Zemli became a parallel supreme body of the state government. During one Circle gathering, P.P. Lyapunov was killed. After this, the significance of Sovet vsej Zemli in the camps near Moscow fell considerably. However, it was revived again in Yaroslavl in the regiments of D.M. Pozharsky and K. Minin. Over 1611–1612, it was the free Cossack Host that carried out the main siege of the capital and played a crucial role in saving the country. The free Cossack Host did not have constant members and in 1612 was divided into the Cossack camps headed by D.T. Trubetskoy, I.M. Zarutsky and D.M. Pozharsky. This factor subsequently led to the formation of two voluntary Cossack Hosts: Vyaznikovsky and Zaugorsky. However, the free Cossack Host and the Cossack Circle played an important role in electing the new Tsar.
Tarramba leucaena: A success story for smallholder bull fattening in eastern Indonesia
Authors: Nulik Jacob , Kana Hau Debora , Halliday Michael J. , Shelton H. Max 
Published: September 2019

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) cv. Tarramba was first introduced to eastern Indonesia (East and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces) as part of an ACIAR project in 2001‒2003. Its superior value was recognized immediately as it: was preferred by cattle over local leucaena; was less affected by psyllids; provided better dry season growth; and produced poles suitable for construction. In on-farm Bali bull feeding demonstrations, Tarramba leucaena doubled weight gains compared with traditional practices, enabling the most progressive farmers to win local bull-fattening competitions. Owing to strong demand for seed, the East Nusa Tenggara Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology, in collaboration with the Provincial Livestock Department, assisted smallholders to establish seed orchards to ensure that professionally produced and packaged Tarramba seed was available for commercial sale. By the end of the ACIAR involvement, approximately 2,000 kg of Tarramba seed had been distributed to farmers, in addition to farmer-to-farmer seed sales. Approximately 800,000 ha of land in East Nusa Tenggara Province is suitable for Tarramba leucaena so the potential for this legume to contribute to beef production in the region is huge. Tarramba is now contributing to forage development in other parts of Indonesia as well as in Timor-Leste.
Szempontok a magyar területfejlesztési intézmények vizsgálatához
Authors: Simó Balázs 
Published: September 2019

Noha Magyarország az 1990-es években a posztszocialista országok közül élen járt a területfejlesztési intézményrendszer kiépítésében, a 2012-es jogszabályi változások nyomán a 2014–2020-as uniós költségvetési ciklusban a regionális fejlesztési ügynökségek nincsenek már jelen. Megszűnésük teret adott hasonló rendeltetésű központi kormányzati és területi önkormányzati szervezetek kibontakozásának. A szervezetek intézményi betagozódásával, kapacitásfejlesztésével és a rájuk delegált feladatokkal kapcsolatosan kérdés, hogy azok összhangban vannak-e a versenyképességet alapvetően befolyásoló globális folyamatokkal.
Jelen tanulmány arra világít rá, hogy a fejlett országok regionális fejlesztési ügynökségei miként alkalmazkodnak ezekhez a globális folyamatokhoz. A cikk amellett érvel, hogy a regionális fejlesztési ügynökségek funkcióját betölteni kívánó hazai szervezeteknek igazodniuk kell a tudásalapú gazdaság által támasztott követelményekhez. Így már nem elegendő, ha a szervezetek összetett eszközrendszer által, relatív függetlenségben látják el feladataikat. Szükséges, hogy tevékenységeik a szektorok átjárhatósága mellett képesek legyenek biztosítani az információ és a tudás összegyűjtését, feldolgozását, valamint a helyi partnerek számára történő megosztását. E cél elérése érdekében ki kell alakítani azon értékelési szempontrendszert, mely támogatja e szervezeti képességek objektív megítélését és nemzetközi összehasonlíthatóságát.
KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN (Mengapa Masyarakat Terbiasa Lecehkan Perempuan ?)
Authors: Maimun Agus 
Published: September 2019

Men's subordination towards women still exists in public, social, political, economic as well as cultural areas. Consequently, that kind of social construction negates the representative of women's right due to fear of the present of women's body which trespasses religious and social norms. In fact, any religion and humanity refuse such kinds of discriminition or intimidation towards women. Harassment towards women can be analized through social, moral, emotional, motivational as well as consept of personality perspectives. As the alternative solution for aforementioned problems, efforts can be taken such as reinterpreties religious doctrines based on gender perspective, criticizies sexism myths, socializies gender equality to the society and establish the institution concerning gender issues.
KONSTRUKSI METODOLOGI TEOLOGI FEMINISME
Authors: Esha Muhammad In’am 
Published: September 2019

This Article studies about methodology construction used in feminism theology. Riffat Hassan’s thought made as a model in this article. There are several things which can be understood in this article namely: First, feminism theology which emerges in domain of modern Islamic thought cannot be discharged from a global tendency of this discourse growth in America. Second, in the context of “Islamicate”, the emergence of feminism theology is pushed by a social reality in Islamic society which still have discrimination and subjugation toward woman. Particularly, this matter is legitimized by religious doctrines. Third, methodologically speaking, feminism theology has been reconstructed by using ideal, historical and empirical-normative approaches as well as by deconstruction, hermeneutic and hadits criticism methods. By these approaches and methods, feminism theology becomes one of discourses for woman to fight againts discrimination and subjugation
PARADIGMA KONSELING BERPERSPEKTIF GENDER
Authors: Zainal Abidin, S.Psi., M.Si. Yuliati Hotifah, S.Psi. 
Published: September 2019

This paper suggests that stereotype towards women is the basic root of gender inequality problem. Consequently, women may face subordination, marginalization, discrimination, double burden and sexual violence.This gender bias problem also happens in Therapy practice where social cognition in conselling process constructs the psychological problem of women in sexism perception which puts women as the main cause of problem. Hence, the theraphy practice should apply gender conselling approach to help the clients to increase their gender awareness as well as their gender sensitivity. Broadening the discourse on gender role will increase therapists skill to overcome the obstacles for career development based on equal gender relation.
PARTISIPASI DAN KETERWAKILAN PEREMPUAN Sebagai Upaya Demokratisasi di Indonesia
Authors: Sofiyah Siti Lailatus 
Published: September 2019

Participation is people's participation in planning, implementing, and evaluating a developing program. It is an access or people's control to the goverment and the development which influence the citizens of a country. It is also part of human right (whether men or women). However, Women's participation in political arena, especially in political party still shows insignificant feature for several factors such as family responsibility of caring children. Therefore, in the context of democratization process, the quantity of participation in politics (political party and parliamentary) must consider women's participation level as they are also part of the country and the democratization process itself.
PANDANGAN PEREMPUAN POLITISI MENGENAI KELUARGA SAKINAH (Studi Terhadap Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Kota Malang)
Authors: Erfaniah Zuhriyah Elmi Farikha, 
Published: September 2019

Conventionally, earning money in a family is husband’s duty and doing chores such as taking care husband and children is wife’s. However, most women decide to participate in public arena actively is a recent phenomenon. As a result, women’s conventional duty is shifting now. Some women politicians, for example, must manage their time for managing the public affairs and taking care the family. It may cause the family more vulnerable towards conflict and eventually may bring it to the divorce. Therefore, some efforts should be taken to maintain the family. It is also what some women politicians in Malang who sit in the parliament practice to keep their families is still harmonious. They have their own opinion and some tips about “established family” (keluarga sakinah) which are influenced by experiences, education, family support, age and the fail of maintaining the family. They are considered to be successfull politicians women in maintaining their public position as well as domestic position to maintain their family. Kata kunci: keluarga, sakinah, perempuan, politik.
PERTENTANGAN IMPLEMENTASI ATURAN KONSTITUSI DAN SYARI’AH DARI PUTUSAN UJI MATERI MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI PADA UU PERKAWINAN NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 PASAL 43 AYAT 1
Authors: Fauziyah Begum 
Published: September 2019

The discretion of constitutional court to issue material test on marital lawNumber I/1974 verse 43 on unmarried –born child to get law protectioncauses a debate among societies particularly among muslim societies. Withthis consideration, this constitution emphasizes that there is a civil lawrelationship between the child and his or her biologic father if it can beproven. As a result of the new regulation on this issue, an unmarried-bornchild gets his or her legal hereditary, inheritance right and guardian right.The dispute on the issue has not found clear solution to answer all the debateamong societies. This writing tries to explore the form of mediation whichaims at making clear the implementation of unmarried-born child status regulation of which it can make constitutional regulation and Islamic law in line considering muslim society as the majority in Indonesia.
PERAN IBU MENYUSUI YANG BEKERJA DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF BAGI BAYINYA
Authors: Susanti Nurlaili 
Published: September 2019

<p>Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as an infant’s consumption of human milk without complementary foods for the first six months of life. Breastfeeding has many benefits and advantages for infants. Breast milk suffice infant’s necessary for energy, protein, vitamin and mineral. In addition, breast milk protect infants from susceptibility to infectious disease. Increase vulnerability to nutritional problems in infants recently due to the replacement of breast milk with formula milk in a manner and amount that can not satisfy infant’s need. Many problems were encountered in efforts to provide exclusive breastfeeding, one of which is the number of breastfeeding mothers who must return to work after the leave ends. Therefore, mothers need knowledge and skill to provide exclusively breastfeeding on their<br />infants during work.</p><p><br />Air Susu Ibu (ASI) Eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI tanpa makanan pendamping sampai bayi berusia 6 bulan. ASI memiliki banyak sekali manfaat dan keunggulan bagi bayi. ASI memenuhi kebutuhan sumber energi, protein, vitamin dan mineral utama bagi bayi. Selain itu, ASI memiliki kandungan yang menjaga bayi dari kerentanan terhadap penyakit infeksi. Meningkatnya masalah kerawanan gizi pada bayi akhir-akhir ini,<br />salah satunya disebabkan penggantian ASI dengan susu formula, dengan cara dan jumlah yang tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan bayi. Beberapa kendala yang muncul dalam upaya pemberian ASI eksklusif ini, diantaranya adalah banyaknya ibu menyusui yang harus kembali bekerja setelah masa cuti berakhir. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan bagi ibu agar dapat memberikan ASI eksklusif pada bayi selama ditinggal bekerja. <br /><br /></p>
FENOMENA DAN MOTIVASI IBU RUMAH TANGGA BERKOMUNITAS DALAM ENTREPRENEUR PERSPEKTIF GENDER DI KOTA MALANG (Studi Kasus pada Komunitas Preman Super, Club Sosialita, dan Asosiasi Pengrajin Kota Malang/APKM)
Authors: Andriani Sri , Firdaus Dwi Hidayatul 
Published: September 2019

<p>Perempuan dan bisnis adalah dua kata yang berbeda sifat, kata perempuan sangat feminin sedangkan kata bisnis cenderung lebih mengarah kepada pekerjaan yang maskulin. Tak dapat dipungkiri permasalah seputar gender juga terjadi di dalam dunia bisnis, hal ini tercermin pada anggapan bahwa dunia bisnis adalah dunia laki-laki. Meskipun dalam kenyataannya, dunia internasional telah menjamin persamaan hak antara laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia, namun pada kenyataannya, kaum perempuan masih terus menghadapi kesenjangan dalam masyarakat baik secara legal maupun <em>de facto</em>. Semakin berkembangnya permasalah gender dan peluang untuk melakukan kegiatan usaha dengan berbagai motivasi dan harapan, maka munculah banyak wirausaha perempuan. Semakin banyak perempuan yang mulai menyadari bahwa menjadi wirausaha merupakan cara terbaik untuk membantu ekonomi keluarga, karier bisnis, dan aktualisasi diri. Sekarang, kata perempuan dan bisnis dapat berjalan beriringan, karena kini telah terbukti banyak perempuan yang terbukti sukses dalam menjalankan bisnis. Di Kota Malang terdapat 2.764 UMKM yang terwadahi dalam beberapa komunitas, salah satu komunitas di Koma Malang adalah preman super (perempuan mandiri sumber perubahan) adalah kelompok ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang melakukan wirausaha dengan berbagai motivasi, ada kelompok sosialita Malang merupakan kelompok perempuan yang cenderung berkumpul untuk bersosial, mengisi waktu, dan mencari eksistensi diri namun didalamnya juga melakukan wirausaha, kelompok lain adalah asosiasi pengrajin Kota Malang yang berkumpul dalam kegiatan kerajianan. Berawal dari bersosialisasi menjadikan kelompok ini bersaing dalam mengembangkan usaha, fenomena berwirausaha yang diawali dari bersosialisasi oleh ibu-ibu rumah tangga (mompreneurship), penggerak social (social <strong>entrepreneur</strong><strong>).</strong></p>
KOMPARASI PROSES FITOREMEDIASI LIMBAH CAIR PEMBUATAN TEMPE MENGGUNAKAN TIGA JENIS TANAMAN AIR
Authors: Novita Elida , Hermawan Agnesa Arunggi Gaumanda , Wahyuningsih Sri 
Published: September 2019

Tempe waste water contains high organic matter because the raw material used to making tempe (soybean) containing protein. If tempe waste water thrown away directly into environment, it would cause water pollution, destroy the habitat of aquatic biota and causing foul odor. One of the easy efforts to reduce the impact is using phytoremediation. The aim of this research was to know the best treatment to decrease parameter such as BOD, COD, TSS, pH, turbidity and N of the tempe waste water by aquatic plants, i.e. water hyacinth (Eg), water spinach (Ka) and water lettuce (Ki). The research was conducted in laboratory experiment scale using aquarium with length of 40 cm, width of 15 cm and tall of 25 cm to each treatment with 3 replications. The data were analyzed descriptively. It was to determined the best treatment of the aquatic plant that has highest efficiency to decrease negatively parameter of waste water quality. The result showed that the applied of water hyacinth (Eg) was the best treatment in decreasing parameter of tempe waste water quality with efficiency value, such as turbidity of 85.03%; TSS of 66.44%; COD of 59.11%; BOD of 77.91% and N of 61.77%.
Keywords: phytoremediation, tempe waste water, water hyacinth, water lettuce, water spinach
The Study of the Fixed Dose Combination of Lisinopril with Prolonged Indopamide (FIXLINDA) with Daily Blood Pressure Monitoring and Diuresis in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Savenkov M. P. , Ivanov S. N. , Mikhaylusova M. P. , Borschevskaya M. V. , Savenkova A. M. , Kozachenko N. Y. , Sherifova E. S. 
Published: September 2019

Аim. To study the efficacy, tolerability and safety of using a fixed dose combination of an ACE inhibitor lisinopril with a prolonged-action diuretic indapamide in patients with degree 1-2 hypertension.Material and methods. Patients (n = 32) with uncontrolled 1-2 degrees hypertension, moderate or high cardiovascular risk, without severe comorbid diseases, who were prescribed a fixed dose combination of lisinopril (5, 10 or 20 mg) and indapamide (1.5 mg) were included in the observational study. All patients had home monitoring of blood pressure and diuresis, as well as assessment of subjective tolerance of treatment and registration of adverse events within 3 months of observation. Assessment of changes in circadian fluctuations in blood pressure and diuresis, the frequency of achieving the target blood pressure at the outpatient stage, as well as the subjective tolerance of treatment and adverse events during a three-month follow-up.Results. Target blood pressure was achieved in 44.5% of patients taking the fixed dose combination of lisinopril 5 mg + prolonged-acting indapamide1.5 mg; 76.9% – in patients taking the combination of lisinopril 10 mg + indapamide 1.5 mg; 78,6% – in patients taking the combination of lisinopril 20 mg + indapamide 1.5 mg. The achieved antihypertensive effect was characterized by daily circadian stability, accompanied by an improvement in the initially impaired day and night diuretic profile (increase in the share of daytime diuresis by 29.6% and 22.3% with a decrease in the share of nighttime diuresis by 35% and 49% when using a combination with lisinopril 5 and 10 mg, respectively). The treatment was well tolerated by patients and did not cause the development of serious adverse events. Reported adverse events (non-intense dry cough, headache, general weakness) were transient and did not require correction or withdrawal of treatment.Conclusion. The fixed dose combination of the ACE inhibitor lisinopril (5, 10 or 20 mg) and the long-acting thiazide-like diuretic indapamide (1.5 mg) had good antihypertensive efficacy with improved circadian blood pressure and diuresis profiles, acceptable tolerance and safety of treatment, as well as a simple choice of doses of the drug components.
Pengelolaan ZIS Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Dan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Studi Deskriftif dan Preskriptif di BAZNAS Kabupaten/Kota di Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta)
Authors: Aminudin Muhammad Zumar , Hadiningrum Lila Pangestu 
Published: September 2019

<p>Islam mengajarkan meminimalisir kesenjangan antara yang kaya dan yang miskin melalui ajaran Zakat, Infak dan Sedekah (ZIS). Solo Raya termasuk zona merah daerah miskin dengan potensi dan permasalahannya yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi serta upaya yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten/kota di Solo Raya dalam pengumpulan dan pendistribusian serta pendayagunaan ZIS dalam rangka peningkatan kesejahteraan dan penanggulangan kemiskinan.</p><p>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (<em>field research</em>) yang ditunjang dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, karena zakat merupakan perbuatan hukum yang dipraktikkan di masyarakat. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode perbandingan tetap (<em>constant comparative method</em>).</p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengumpulan ZIS oleh BAZNAS di Wilayah Solo Raya secara umum mengandalkan Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Besar kecilnya hasil pengumpulan berpengaruh terhadap program-program yang bisa dijalankan. BAZNAS Kabupaten/Kota Solo Raya telah mendistribusikan ZIS untuk kepentingan konsumtif untuk kepentingan jangka pendek dan produktif untuk kepentingan jangka panjang. Upaya yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh Baznas dalam pengumpulan, pendistribusian serta pendayagunaan ZIS meliputi: mengoptimalkan gerakan sadar ZIS di berbagai kalangan masyarakat melalui berbagai metode dan medsos, memaksimalkan layanan penyaluran ZIS, berperan aktif dalam layanan jemput zakat serta pembinaan dan pendampingan secara berkala terhadap kegiatan ekonomi produktif. Adanya pengelolaan ZIS yang efektif oleh Baznas di Wilayah Solo Raya diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan penanggulangan kemiskinan.</p>
Aproximación entre las autopercepciones y experiencias de mujeres en la ciudad de São Luís do Maranhão en lo que se refiere a las violencias perpetradas por poderes
Authors: Silva Artenira da Silva e , Manso Amuldena Garcia , Olimpio Werdeson Mário Cavalcante 
Published: September 2019

Resumen: Las violencias por poderes vienen a ser unos de los tipos de violencias contra las mujeres más complicado de atajar pues las colaboradoras negligentes del agresor son las mismas instituciones que deben velar por la seguridad, integridad y bienestar de la víctima. En este trabajo pretendemos hacer un análisis aproximativo de cómo se desarrollan las violencias por poderes y cómo éstas se vertebran llegando a atravesar otras formas y tipos de violencias, problematizando la resolución de las situaciones de las víctimas y su entorno inmediato. Para lograr dicho fin hemos hecho uso de parte de los resultados de la investigación “violencias contra las mujeres en contexto de la ciudad de São Luis do Maranhão: aproximación exploratoria”. Al tratarse de un contexto social tan específico y delimitado no entraremos en cuestiones excesivamente técnicas concernientesal sistema jurídico del Brasil ni del Estado de Maranhão. El hecho por el que no se entra en los aspectos mencionados es porque el enfoque que se dio a la investigación era de carácter más sociológico que jurídico.Palabras clave: Violencia por poderes. Sistema judicial. Cómplice negligente. Efecto Matrioshka. Violencia invisible.