bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis of service routing for a power system communication network based on MCS‐RBD
Authors: Xiong Lan , Fan Yuyi , Liu Yu , Yang Zikang , Zeng Zeyu 
Published: August 2018

The Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) is widely used to calculate the reliability of power systems, while it can hardly distinguish the states of information transmission between normal and fault. To reflect the reliability level of the transmission route objectively, a Modified Cut Set of RBD (MCS‐RBD) is put forward. Traditional Traffic Routing Assignment Algorithms such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) cannot balance the risk of excessive service concentration in the communication network of power systems. Hence, a Service Importance Balance‐Based Traffic‐Routing Assignment Algorithm (SIBTRA) is introduced to adjust the service distribution to avoid excessive concentration properly. In this study, important degrees of services are determined, respectively, whereby complete sets (CSs) and tie sets (TSs) of a communication network are built, which includes a source‐node station and a destination‐node station. Moreover, reliability of every node and path is calculated. Consequently, the system reliability of the optical transmission network is determined by all the elements described above. Meanwhile, the reason for using SIBTRA to balance the service distribution of the electric power communication can be assessed. Besides node reliability and path reliability, service‐routing reliability of communication networks before and after renovation is computed using MCS‐RBD and compared simultaneously, which validates the ability and feasibility of the MCS‐RBD positively. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Engaging in a Literate Life: Stories From Five Countries
Authors: Callow Jon 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe International Literacy Association is a global advocacy organization, and literacy is viewed as a human right worldwide. This department highlights research and research‐to‐practice at the international level to bring global best teaching practices to the forefront. Topics may include best practices for literacy instruction in Europe or other continents/countries, partnership and collaborative projects between international schools/teachers, and advocacy.
Sum rules for characters from character-preservation property of matrix models
Authors: Mironov A. , Morozov A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOne of the main features of eigenvalue matrix models is that the averages of characters are again characters, what can be considered as a far-going generalization of the Fourier transform property of Gaussian exponential. This is true for the standard Hermitian and unitary (trigonometric) matrix models and for their various deformations, classical and quantum ones. Arising explicit formulas for the partition functions are very efficient for practical computer calculations. However, to handle them theoretically, one needs to tame remaining finite sums over representations of a given size, which turns into an interesting conceptual problem. Already the semicircle distribution in the large-Nlimit implies interesting combinatorial sum rules for characters. We describe also implications toW-representations, including a character decomposition of cut-and-join operators, which unexpectedly involves only single-hook diagrams and also requires non-trivial summation identities.
Gambling Disorder Treatment Referrals Within the Irish Mental Health Service: A National Survey Using Freedom of Information Requests
Authors: Columb David , Griffiths Mark D. , O’Gara Colin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGambling disorder is an increasingly recognised problem amongst healthcare professionals and the general public but there is little information on what services are provided within the Irish healthcare system for the disorder. The aim of the present study (adapted from a study in the UK by Rigbye and Griffiths [International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 9, 276–281, 2011] was to ascertain how referrals for gambling disorder are processed and what services are available for gambling disorder within the Irish healthcare system. Email requests for information on gambling disorder referrals were sent to the main super-catchment areas in Ireland known as Community Healthcare Organisations (CHOs) and part of the national Health Executive Service (HSE). Email requests were also sent to Primary Care services and Regional and Local Drug Task forces in Ireland. Each request asked a number of questions related to gambling disorder referrals (adapted from the study by Rigbye and Griffiths). Responses were received from seven of the nine CHOs (77.8%) and eight of the 24 Drug Task Forces (33.3%), as well as from Primary Care services. Four of the CHOs surveyed (50%) offered some form of service for gambling disorder as a part of their Community Mental Health Team (CMHT), most commonly through a Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) in Addictions. Referrals varied between 10 and 39 referrals in a 12-month period per CHO. Half of the Drug Task Forces surveyed offered a service for gambling disorder as part of their overall service and the majority offered onward referral to either a residential programme or a self-help organisation. Primary care services did not provide any specific services for gambling disorder. There is an evident need for a consistent and dedicated pathway for the referral and management of gambling disorder within the HSE.
Do 2‐year changes in superior frontal gyrus and global brain atrophy affect cognition?
Authors: Valdés Hernández Maria del C. , Reid Stuart , Mikhael Shadia , Pernet Cyril ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionMetabolic alterations to the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) have been linked to cognitive decline. Whether these indicate structural atrophy, which could be screened for at a larger scale using noninvasive structural imaging, is unknown.MethodsWe assessed annual structural magnetic resonance imaging scans and cognitive data from 3 consecutive years from 204 participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative database (mean age 72.24 [8.175] years). We evaluated associations between brain structural changes and performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Everyday Cognition Visuospatial subtest (ECog Visuospatial), and Functional Assessment Questionnaire.ResultsChanges in the surface area of the SFG were associated with changes in the outcome of the ECog Visuospatial test (P < .05), but an inconsistent pattern of association was found between the 2‐year global brain atrophy progression and changes in the outcome from the three cognitive tests selected.DiscussionThe extent into which (and if) changes in the SFG influence cognition warrant further evaluation in a larger period in more heterogeneous population.
Vitamin D partially reverses the increase in p‐NF‐κB/p65 immunocontent and interleukin‐6 levels, but not in acetylcholinesterase activity in hippocampus of adult female ovariectomized rats
Authors: Siebert Cassiana , Bertó Carolina Gessinger , Ferreira Fernanda Silva , Moreira Daniella de S. , dos Santos Tiago Marcon , Wyse Angela T.S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to verify the effects of ovariectomy (OVX) and/or vitamin D supplementation (VIT D) on inflammatory and cholinergic parameters in hippocampus, as well as on serum estradiol and VIT D levels of rats. Ninety‐day‐old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: SHAM, OVX, VIT D or OVX + VIT D. Thirty days after OVX, VIT D (500 IU/kg/day) was supplemented by gavage, for 30 days. Approximately 12 h after the last VIT D administration, rats were euthanized and hippocampus and serum were obtained for further analyses. Results showed that OVX rats presented a decrease in estradiol levels when compared to control (SHAM). There was an increase in VIT D levels in the groups submitted to VIT D supplementation. OVX increased the immunocontent of nuclear p‐NF‐κB/p65, TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels. VIT D partially reversed the increase in p‐NF‐κB/p65 immunocontent and IL‐6 levels. Regarding cholinergic system, OVX caused an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity without changing acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase immunocontents. VIT D did not reverse the increase in acetylcholinesterase activity caused by OVX. These results demonstrate that OVX alters inflammatory and cholinergic parameters and that VIT D supplementation, at the dose used, partially reversed the increase in immunocontent of p‐NF‐Kb/p65 and IL‐6 levels, but it was not able to reverse other parameters studied. Our findings may help in the understanding of the brain changes that occurs in post menopause period and open perspectives for futures research involving VIT D therapies.
Promoting adolescent health: insights from developmental and communication neuroscience
Authors: PEI RUI , KRANZLER ELISSA C. , SULEIMAN AHNA BALLONOFF , FALK EMILY B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdolescence is a period of remarkable psychosocial and neural development. Many life-long health habits are established during adolescence, making it a window of opportunity for health promotion. One way to promote adolescent health is through mass and social media campaigns. Although some health media campaigns that target adolescents are effective in changing health-relevant cognitions and behaviors, there is considerable room for improving these outcomes. Recent advancements combining neuroimaging tools and health persuasion have suggested key neural mechanisms underlying behavior change and retransmission of health-relevant ideas and norms in adults. This line of work highlights the integral role of the brain's value system in health persuasion and its importance for improving campaign design and effectiveness. Less is known about how these insights could be leveraged to inform adolescent health persuasion. In this article, we review what is known and unknown about the development of the brain's value system and its connections with cognitive control and social cognition systems across adolescence. Combining these insights, we propose that neuroimaging tools offer unique possibilities that could improve adolescent media health campaigns and promote adolescent well-being.
The Strategic Teamwork for Effective Practice Mentor Development Program (STEP-MDP): Expanding capacity for clinical and translational science by investing in research staff
Authors: Denicola Christine , Altshuler Lisa , Denicola Gabrielle , Zabar Sondra 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionResearch staff are critical to productive translational research teams, yet their professional development is rarely formally addressed.MethodsWe created Strategic Teamwork for Effective Practice Mentor Development Program (STEP-MDP) to promote skills development and build a community of practice. We ran and evaluated the STEP-MDP for 32 participants, which consisted of workshops focusing on team communication and mentorship/coaching skills.ResultsWe found that STEP-MDP had a long-term positive impact on participants and their teams.ConclusionThis program facilitated the professional development of research staff.
The projected burden of complex surgical site infections following hip and knee arthroplasties in adults in the United States, 2020 through 2030
Authors: Wolford Hannah M. , Hatfield Kelly M. , Paul Prabasaj , Yi Sarah H. , Slayton Rachel B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundAs the US population ages, the number of hip and knee arthroplasties is expected to increase. Because surgical site infections (SSIs) following these procedures contribute substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs, we projected SSIs expected to occur from 2020 through 2030.MethodsWe used a stochastic Poisson process to project the number of primary and revision arthroplasties and SSIs. Primary arthroplasty rates were calculated using annual estimates of hip and knee arthroplasty stratified by age and gender from the 2012–2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample and standardized by census population data. Revision rates, dependent on time from primary procedure, were obtained from published literature and were uniformly applied for all ages and genders. Stratified complex SSI rates for arthroplasties were obtained from 2012–2015 National Healthcare Safety Network data. To evaluate the possible impact of prevention measures, we recalculated the projections with an SSI rate reduced by 30%, the national target established by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).ResultsWithout a reduction in SSI rates, we projected an increase in complex SSIs following hip and knee arthroplasty of 14% between 2020 and 2030. We projected a total burden of 77,653 SSIs; however, meeting the 30% rate reduction could prevent 23,297 of these SSIs.ConclusionsGiven current SSI rates, we project that complex SSI burden for primary and revision arthroplasty may increase due to an aging population. Reducing the SSI rate to the national HHS target could prevent 23,000 SSIs and reduce subsequent morbidity, mortality, and Medicare costs.
High prevalence of ESBL-positive bacteria in an obstetrics emergency hospital and neonatal care unit—Haiti, 2016
Authors: Chaintarli Katerina , Lenglet Annick , Beauzile Bregeneve Dabord , Senat-Delva Rodnie , Mabou Marie-Marcelle , Martino Chiara , Berthet Marine , Wong Sidney , Hopman Joost 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA point-prevalence survey of mothers and neonates admitted to an obstetrics emergency hospital in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, revealed that 13 of 127 gram-negative bacteria isolates (10%) from rectal swabs were ESBL-positive in women and 30 of 59 gram-negative bacteria isolates (51%) from rectal swabs were ESBL-positive in neonates. Length of hospital stay and antibiotic consumption were risk factors for ESBL colonization.
A Class of Parabolic Equations Driven by the Mean Curvature Flow
Authors: de Araujo Anderson L. A. , Montenegro Marcelo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe study a class of parabolic equations which can be viewed as a generalized mean curvature flow acting on cylindrically symmetric surfaces with a Dirichlet condition on the boundary. We prove the existence of a unique solution by means of an approximation scheme. We also develop the theory of asymptotic stability for solutions of general parabolic problems.
How Homo economicus lost her mind and how we can revive her
Authors: DeScioli Peter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.
People are intuitive economists under the right conditions
Authors: Jern Alan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBoyer & Petersen (B&P) argue that a “rudimentary exchange psychology” is responsible for many of people's folk-economic beliefs that are at odds with the consensus views of economists. However, they focus primarily on macroeconomic beliefs. I argue that the same rudimentary exchange psychology could be expected to produce fairly accurate microeconomic intuitions. Existing evidence supports this prediction.
Adding culture and context improves evolutionary theorizing about human cognition
Authors: McNamara Rita Anne , Fischer Ronald 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBoyer & Petersen (B&P) lay out an evolutionarily grounded framework to produce concrete, testable predictions about economic phenomena. We commend this step forward, but suggest the framework requires more consideration of cultural contexts that provide necessary input for cognitive systems to operate on. We discuss the role of culture when examining both evolved cognitive systems and social exchange contexts.
Folk-economics: Inherited biases or misapplication of everyday experience?
Authors: Ross Don 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEvidence for an EEA-derived domain-specific inference system must point to an active, latent representational structure. Otherwise we need to hypothesize only passive, virtual belief not over-ridden on the basis of the individual's experience. The folk economic beliefs identified by Boyer & Petersen (B&P), being with one exception about macroeconomics, might be virtual beliefs that people extrapolate across the micro–macro scale shift based on their experiences with markets.
What is seen and what is not seen in the economy: An effect of our evolved psychology
Authors: Boyer Pascal , Petersen Michael Bang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSpecific features of our evolved cognitive architecture explain why some aspects of the economy are “seen” and others are “not seen.” Drawing from the commentaries of economists, psychologists, and other social scientists on our original proposal, we propose a more precise model of the acquisition and spread of folk-beliefs about the economy. In particular, we try to provide a clearer delimitation of the field of folk-economic beliefs (sect. R2) and to dispel possible misunderstandings of the role of variation in evolutionary psychology (sect. R3). We also comment on the difficulty of explaining folk-economic beliefs in terms of domain-general processes or biases (sect. R4), as developmental studies show how encounters with specific environments calibrate domain-specific systems (sect. R5). We offer a more detailed description of the connections between economic beliefs and political psychology (sect. R6) and of the probable causes of individual variation in that domain (sect. R7). Taken together, these arguments point to a better integration or consilience between economics and human evolution (sect. R8).
Acute rheumatic fever presenting with severe endocarditis involving four valves, and ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Ramoğlu Mehmet G. , Epçaçan Serdar , Yeşilbaş Osman 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAcute rheumatic fever is the most commonly acquired heart disease in developing countries. The most common cardiac presentation is valvular disease. Although some rhythm disturbances may occur during the acute stages of the disease, ventricular tachycardia is extremely rare. Here, a case of acute rheumatic fever with severe endocarditis involving four valves and ventricular tachycardia is presented.
A systematic review of community Leg Clubs for patients with chronic leg ulcers
Authors: Abu Ghazaleh Haya , Artom Micol , Sturt Jackie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimAppraise the evidence on the outcomes of Leg Clubs on ulcer healing, psychosocial outcomes, patient safety, cost and experiences of Leg Club members.BackgroundThe Leg Club is a community-based social model of care in 30 UK locations and nine overseas for treating patients with chronic leg wounds. However, its cumulative effectiveness has not been reviewed to-date.MethodsSystematic review of primary research relating to the impact and quality of care of Leg Clubs treating patients with leg ulcers. Six electronic databases were systematically searched using the MeSH term ‘leg ulcer’, including other representative terms, in combination with ‘Leg Club’. The quality of individual studies was assessed using appraisal tools. The confidence in the quantitative evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE); and the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (CERQual) assessed the quality of qualitative findings.FindingsA total of 17 relevant publications were identified. Out of the 17 articles, four publications represent findings from randomised controlled trial (RCT). Thus, evidence from 14 independent studies involving at least 532 participants were included in the synthesis of this review. The quality of the evidence varied across the different outcomes and were mostly low or of very low quality. Findings from one underpowered RCT from Australia reporting on clinical, patient-reported outcomes and economic outcomes were evaluated as moderate quality. Studies indicate that the Leg Club model has a positive impact on ulcer healing and recurrence, mood, sleep, quality of life and pain. Moreover, only three studies assessed wound infections and reported no infections had occurred during treatment at the Leg Clubs. Economic evaluations find Leg Clubs to be probably more cost-effective than usual care. Both patients and nurses projected positive views about the Leg Clubs, with particular emphasis on improved social interactions and delivery of patient-centred care.
Investigation of the Causes of the Longitudinal and Solar Cycle Variation of the Electron Density in the Bering Sea and Weddell Sea Anomalies
Authors: Richards P. G. , Meier R. R. , Chen Shihping , Dandenault P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates and quantifies the longitudinal, solar cyclical, and diurnal variation of the ionosphere peak electron density observed by six ionosondes located between 18 and 151°E near 60°N. Embedded within this region is the Bering Sea anomaly (BSA) where the midnight peak electron density exceeds the midday peak electron density in summer. The BSA is a region West of Alaska extending from approximately 100° to 200° east geographic longitude and 55° to 70° north geographic latitude at its widest. By comparing a physical model with ionosonde data from the 1970s and 1980s, it is found that longitudinal changes in the neutral winds and neutral densities are the most likely explanation for the electron density variation between 18 and 151°E near 60°N. Longitudinal differences in magnetic declination and inclination are small and have a negligible effect on the electron density behavior. Our definition of and the behavior of the BSA are analogous to the Weddell Sea anomaly (WSA), a region in the Southern Hemisphere where the midnight peak electron density also exceeds the midday peak electron density in summer. Although the overall BSA electron density is a factor of 2 smaller than that in the WSA, the two anomalies have similar midnight to midday electron density ratios. It is found that the BSA gets stronger with increasing solar activity, while the WSA gets weaker. It is also demonstrated that including vibrationally excited N2 in an ionosphere model is crucial for producing the observed midnight to midday electron density ratios.
Particle‐in‐Cell Simulations of the Fast Magnetosonic Mode in a Dipole Magnetic Field: 1‐D Along the Radial Direction
Authors: Min Kyungguk , Liu Kaijun , Denton Richard E. , Boardsen Scott A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn electromagnetic particle‐in‐cell code is used to investigate self‐consistent evolution of the fast magnetosonic mode in a one‐dimensional configuration along the radial direction in a dipole background magnetic field. A previous observation of this wave mode is used to select the simulation parameters. A partial shell velocity distribution of energetic protons with a moderate pitch angle anisotropy is used to excite the waves self‐consistently. Consistent with local linear theory analysis, wave growth occurs only at exact harmonics of the local proton cyclotron frequency, Ωp. However, radial propagation quickly removes the waves from the region where they can grow, leading to a time scale of wave amplification much longer than that predicted by linear theory. In addition, radial propagation from multiple wave sources makes the frequency spectrum measured at a single point much broader. The warm background plasma plays an important role in two ways. First, it increases the phase speed of the fast magnetosonic mode; and second, it causes the breakup of the extraordinary mode dispersion relation in the vicinity of the harmonics, where the broken dispersion curves are connected with multiple ion Bernstein modes. In this case, the waves propagating radially are absorbed at locations where their frequency reaches integer multiples of Ωp and background protons experience perpendicular heating at those locations.