bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Visible‐Light Photodetectors built on 2D‐Nanoplate‐Assembled Large‐Scale BiI3 Films
Authors: Wei Qi , Wang Yiru , Yin Jiang , Xia Yidong , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe growth of large‐scale films forms the cornerstone for future integrated photodetection applications of 2D materials. However, there is still an unwelcome trade‐off between the size of these films and the performances of devices fabricated using them. To deal with this issue, a possible scheme for film assembly is proposed using high‐quality nanolayers to achieve both outstanding device performance and large film area. Specifically, photodetectors are fabricated on nanostructured BiI3 films (1 × 1 cm2) assembled with interlaced, vertically grown 2D nanoplates. These devices inherent the excellent photodetecting capability of single‐BiI3‐nanoplate‐based photodetectors, showing responsivity of up to 2.22 AW−1, high speed photoresponse of 2 ms/5.3 ms for rise/decay times, and outstanding specific detectivity as high as 1.65 × 1012 Jones. This suggest that this approach to preparing large‐scale 2D BiI3 films holds potential for the realization of integrated high‐performance photosensing devices. Furthermore, it is anticipated that it can be to other 2D materials.
High‐Performance and Radiation‐Hard Carbon Nanotube Complementary Static Random‐Access Memory
Authors: Zhu Ma‐Guang , Zhang Zhiyong , Peng Lian‐Mao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSignificant progress on carbon‐nanotube (CNT) electronics means that they are a serious candidate for use in high‐performance integrated circuits (ICs). However, few works have focused on fabricating and exploring CNT complementary metal–oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) static random‐access memory (SRAM), which is an integral part of most digital ICs. High‐performance complementary top‐gated field‐effect transistors (FETs) are fabricated through a doping‐free technology based on solution‐derived CNT films and are used in SRAM cells with a high yield and high uniformity. CNT CMOS‐architecture 6‐transistor (6‐T) SRAM exhibits read/write margins as high as ≈0.4 V with a supply voltage of 1.0 V and stable dynamic properties. Furthermore, the effects of radiation the CNT CMOS FETs and SRAM ICs are explored. Owing to the robust CC bonds in the CNTs, the ultrathin gate insulator layer in the devices, and a lack of a requirement for an isolation region, CNT FETs and SRAM cells can withstand a 2.2 Mrad total ionizing dose (TID) with a high rate of 560 rad s−1, indicating that they could be used as radiation‐hard ICs for applications in hostile environments. TID hardness of CNT‐based SRAM ICs is reported for the first time, and a dose of 2.2 Mrad is the highest measured radiation dose for CNT FETs and ICs.
An Ultrastable Presodiated Titanium Disulfide Anode for Aqueous “Rocking‐Chair” Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Kangli , Cheng Shijie , Jiang Kai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn‐based batteries are attractive candidates as energy storage technology, but the uncontrollable Zn dendrites, low stripping/plating coulombic efficiency, and inefficient utilization of Zn metal limit the battery reliability and energy density. Herein, for the first time, a novel presodiated TiS2 (Na0.14TiS2) is proposed and investigated as an intercalated anode for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries, showing a capacity of 140 mAh g−1 with a suitable potential of 0.3 V (vs Zn2+/Zn) at 0.05 A g−1 and superior cyclability of 77% retention over 5000 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. The remarkable performance originates from the buffer phase formation of Na0.14TiS2 after chemically presodiating TiS2, which not only improves the structural reversibility and stability but also enhances the diffusion coefficient and electronic conductivity, and lowers cation migration barrier, as evidenced by a series of experimental and theoretical studies. Moreover, an aqueous “rocking‐chair” Zn‐ion full battery is successfully demonstrated by this Na0.14TiS2 anode and ZnMn2O4 cathode, which delivers a capacity of 105 mAh g−1 (for anode) with an average voltage of 0.95 V at 0.05 A g−1 and preserves 74% retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g−1, demonstrating the feasibility of Zn‐ion full batteries for energy storage applications.
Y chromosome gene copy number and lack of autism phenotype in a male with an isodicentric Y chromosome and absent NLGN4Y expression
Authors: Ross Judith L. , Bloy Luke , Roberts Timothy P. L. , Miller Judith , Xing Chao , Silverman Lawrence A. , Zinn Andrew R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe describe a unique male with a dicentric Y chromosome whose phenotype was compared to that of males with 47,XYY (XYY). The male Y‐chromosome aneuploidy XYY is associated with physical, behavioral/cognitive phenotypes, and autism spectrum disorders. We hypothesize that increased risk for these phenotypes is caused by increased copy number/overexpression of Y‐encoded genes. Specifically, an extra copy of the neuroligin gene NLGN4Y might elevate the risk of autism in boys with XYY. We present a unique male with the karyotype 46,X,idic(Y)(q11.22), which includes duplication of the Y short arm and proximal long arm and deletion of the distal long arm, evaluated his physical, behavioral/cognitive, and neuroimaging/magnetoencephalography (MEG) phenotypes, and measured blood RNA expression of Y genes. The proband had tall stature and cognitive function within the typical range, without autism features. His blood RNA showed twofold increase in expression of Yp genes versus XY controls, and absent expression of deleted Yq genes, including NLGN4Y. The M100 latencies were similar to findings in typically developing males. In summary, the proband had overexpression of a subset of Yp genes, absent NLGN4Y expression, without ASD findings or XYY‐MEG latency findings. These results are consistent with a role for NLGN4Y overexpression in the etiology of behavioral phenotypes associated with XYY. Further investigation of NLGN4Y as an ASD risk gene in XYY is warranted. The genotype and phenotype(s) of this subject may also provide insight into how Y chromosome genes contribute to normal male development and the male predominance in ASD.
Intramolecular Catalyst Transfer over Sterically Hindered Arenes in Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Zhu Yu‐Xing , Li En‐Ci , Shen Kang , Hang Xiaochun , Bonnesen Peter V. , Hong Kunlun , Zhang Hong‐Hai , Huang Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe intramolecular catalyst transfer over sterically hindered arenes in Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction was investigated by the reaction of ortho‐substituted dibromoarenes with equimolar ortho‐substituted phenylboronic acid in the presence of NHC based PEPPSI‐IPr as catalyst. The diarylarene species of the form Ar’−Ar−Ar’ were observed as major product, which suggested the intramolecular transfer of Pd(0) over sterically hindered arenes proceeded smoothly in Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction. Furthermore, our studies also demonstrated that intramolecular catalyst transfer could be a useful tool to improve the polymerization efficiency, especially in the synthesis of ortho‐linked polyarenes.
Feedstock Reagents in Metal‐Catalyzed Carbonyl Reductive Coupling: Minimizing Preactivation for Efficiency in Target‐Oriented Synthesis
Authors: Doerksen Rosalie S. , Meyer Cole C. , Krische Michael J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUse of abundant feedstock pronucleophiles in catalytic carbonyl reductive coupling enhances efficiency in target‐oriented synthesis. For such reactions, equally inexpensive reductants are desired or, ideally, corresponding hydrogen autotransfer processes may be enacted wherein alcohols serve dually as reductant and carbonyl proelectrophile. As described in this Minireview, these concepts allow reactions that traditionally require preformed organometallic reagents to be conducted catalytically in a byproduct‐free manner from inexpensive π‐unsaturated precursors.
Knallgold und Knallsilber
Authors: Wentrup Curt 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDieser Essay beschreibt die faszinierenden und hochexplosiven Verbindungen Knallgold und Knallsilber, die leicht mittels Behandlung von in Königswasser gelöstem Gold mit Ammoniak bzw. durch Reaktion von Silberoxid oder Silbersalzen mit Ammoniak hergestellt werden können. Insbesondere Knallgold hat im 16. bis 18. Jahrhundert die Alchemisten gefesselt. Zahlreiche Herstellungen wurden beschrieben, und viele Versuche wurden unternommen, destillierbares, sublimierbares oder trinkbares Gold zu erzeugen und die so erhaltenen Produkte (wahrscheinlich meistens Goldchloride) zur Herstellung einer Tinktur zu verwenden, die “unreine” Metalle säubern und in Gold transformieren könnte und ebenfalls ein Wunderheilmittel aller menschlichen Krankheiten sein sollte.
A Double‐Passivation Water‐Based Galvanic Displacement Method for Reproducible Gram‐Scale Production of High‐Performance Platinum‐Alloy Electrocatalysts
Authors: Gatalo Matija , Bele Marjan , Ruiz‐Zepeda Francisco , Šest Ervin , Šala Martin , Kamšek Ana Rebeka , Maselj Nik , Galun Timotej , Jovanovič Primož , Hodnik Nejc , Gaberšček Miran 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPreparation of large quantities of high‐performance supported Pt‐alloy electrocatalysts is crucial for the faster development and implementation of low‐temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). One of the prospective nanofabrication synthesis methods is based on the galvanic displacement (GD) reaction. A facile, highly reproducible, gram scale, water‐based double passivation GD method is now presented for the synthesis of carbon‐supported Pt‐M nanoparticles (M=Cu, Ni, Co). It offers great flexibility over the catalyst design, such as the choice of the sacrificial metal (M), variation of the chemical composition of alloy, variation of total metal loading (Pt+M) on carbon support, or even variation of the carbon support itself. The obtained Pt‐alloy catalysts are several times more active compared to a Pt reference and exhibits better stability during accelerated degradation tests performed at 60 °C.
Visible‐Light‐Photosensitized Aryl and Alkyl Decarboxylative Functionalization Reactions
Authors: Patra Tuhin , Mukherjee Satobhisha , Ma Jiajia , Strieth‐Kalthoff Felix , Glorius Frank 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDespite significant progress in aliphatic decarboxylation, an efficient and general protocol for radical aromatic decarboxylation has lagged far behind. Herein, we describe a general strategy for rapid access to both aryl and alkyl radicals by photosensitized decarboxylation of the corresponding carboxylic acids esters followed by their successive use in divergent carbon–heteroatom and carbon–carbon bond‐forming reactions. Identification of a suitable activator for carboxylic acids is the key to bypass a competing single‐electron‐transfer mechanism and “switch on” an energy‐transfer‐mediated homolysis of unsymmetrical σ‐bonds for a concerted fragmentation/decarboxylation process.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Hydroalkenylation of Cyclopropenes with Alkenylboronic Acids
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Huang Wei , Wang Tongtong , Meng Fanke 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCatalytic diastereo‐ and enantioselective hydroalkenylation of 3,3‐disubstituted cyclopropenes with readily accessible alkenylboronic acids, promoted by a chiral phosphine/Co complex, is presented. Such a process constitutes the unprecedented and direct introduction of a wide range of alkenyl groups onto the cyclopropane motif to afford multisubstituted cyclopropanes in up to 95 % yield with greater than 95:5 d.r. and 99:1 e.r. Functionalization of the products delivered enantioenriched cyclopropanes that are otherwise difficult to access.
Rapid and Sustained Long‐Term Efficacy and Safety of Canakinumab in Patients With Cryopyrin‐Associated Periodic Syndrome Ages Five Years and Younger
Authors: Brogan Paul A. , Hofer Michael , Kuemmerle‐Deschner Jasmin B. , Koné‐Paut Isabelle , Roesler Joachim , Kallinich Tilmann , Horneff Gerd , Calvo Penadés Inmaculada , Sevilla‐Perez Belén , Goffin Laurence , Lauwerys Bernard R. , Lachmann Helen J. , Uziel Yosef , Wei Xiaoling , Laxer Ronald M. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo assess long‐term efficacy and safety of canakinumab and the response to vaccination in children ages ≤5 years with cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome (CAPS).MethodsCAPS patients (ages ≤5 years) received 2 mg/kg canakinumab subcutaneously every 8 weeks; patients with neonatal‐onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) received a starting dose of 4 mg/kg in this open‐label trial. Efficacy was evaluated using physician global assessment of disease activity and serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and amyloid A (SAA). Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Vaccination response was evaluated using postvaccination antibody titers at 4 and 8 weeks after immunization.ResultsOf the 17 patients enrolled, 12 (71%) had Muckle‐Wells syndrome, 4 (24%) had NOMID, and 1 (6%) had familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome. All 17 patients had a complete response to canakinumab. Disease activity improved according to the physician global assessment, and for 65% of the patients autoinflammatory disease was characterized as “absent” at the end of the study. Median CRP levels decreased over time. No such change was evident in SAA levels. During the extension study, postvaccination antibody titers increased above protective levels in 16 (94%) of 17 assessable vaccinations. Ten of the patients (59%) had AEs suspected to be related to canakinumab; 8 (47%) experienced at least 1 serious AE (SAE). None of the AEs or SAEs required interruption of canakinumab therapy.ConclusionOur findings indicate that canakinumab effectively maintains efficacy through 152 weeks and appears to have no effect on the ability to produce antibodies against standard childhood non‐live vaccines. The safety profile of canakinumab was consistent with previous studies, supporting long‐term use of canakinumab for CAPS in children ≤5 years of age.
Disease Activity, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Type, and Lipid Levels in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Wallace Zachary S. , Fu Xiaoqing , Liao Katherine , Kallenberg Cees G. M. , Langford Carol A. , Merkel Peter A. , Monach Paul , Seo Philip , Specks Ulrich , Spiera Robert , St.Clair E. William , Zhang Yuqing , Choi Hyon , Stone John H. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivePatients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) have an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was undertaken to develop a clearer understanding of the association between changes in disease activity and lipid levels in AAV, which may inform CVD risk stratification in this population.MethodsLipid levels were assessed in stored serum samples (obtained at baseline and month 6) from the Rituximab for ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis (RAVE) trial, which randomized patients to receive either rituximab or cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine. Paired t‐tests and multivariable linear regression were used to assess changes in lipid levels.ResultsOf the 142 patients with serum samples available, the mean ± SD age was 52.3 ± 14.7 years, 72 (51%) were male, 95 (67%) were proteinase 3 (PR3)–ANCA positive, 72 (51%) had received a new diagnosis of AAV, and 75 (53%) were treated with rituximab. Several lipid levels increased between baseline and month 6, including total cholesterol (+12.4 mg/dl [95% confidence interval (95% CI) +7.1, +21.0]), low‐density lipoprotein (+10.3 mg/dl [95% CI +6.1, +17.1]), and apolipoprotein B (+3.5 mg/dl [95% CI +1.0, +8.3]). These changes were observed among newly diagnosed and PR3‐ANCA–positive patients but not among those with relapsing disease or myeloperoxidase‐ANCA–positive patients. There was no difference in change in lipid levels between rituximab‐treated patients and cyclophosphamide‐treated patients. Changes in lipid levels correlated with changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate but not with other inflammatory markers or glucocorticoid exposure.ConclusionLipid levels increased during remission induction among patients with newly diagnosed AAV and those who were PR3‐ANCA positive. Disease activity and ANCA type should be considered when assessing lipid profiles to stratify CVD risk in patients with AAV.
Glucose‐containing polymer rings enable fed‐batch operation in microtiter plates with parallel online measurement of scattered light, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen tension, and pH
Authors: Habicher Tobias , Czotscher Vroni , Klein Tobias , Daub Andreas , Keil Timm , Büchs Jochen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBioprocesses operated in batch mode can induce adverse effects like overflow metabolism, substrate inhibition, osmotic inhibition, oxygen limitation, and catabolite repression. To avoid these adverse effects, fed‐batch is the predominant operation mode in industrial production. Nevertheless, screening for optimal production strains is usually performed in microtiter plates and shake flasks operated in batch mode without any online monitoring. Recently, a polymer‐based controlled‐release fed‐batch microtiter plate with stable glucose release characteristics was described. In this study, a glucose‐containing polymer matrix was used to manufacture polymer rings that were placed at the bottom of a 48‐well microtiter plate. Thereby, the liquid content of the well became accessible for optical measurement by the BioLector device. Reflections caused by the polymer ring were minimized by adjusting the scattered‐light measurement position. Influences on the measurement of the dissolved oxygen tension and pH could be avoided by choosing appropriate polymer‐ring geometries. These adjustments enabled parallel online measurement of scattered light, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen tension, and pH of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) fed‐batch cultivations. The online monitoring and fed‐batch operation capabilities of the fed‐batch microtiter plate presented in this study finds optimal application in screenings and initial process development.
Combinatorial assembly of ferredoxin‐linked modules in Escherichia coli yields a testing platform for Rnf‐complexes
Authors: Schiffels Johannes , Selmer Thorsten 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Rnf complex is a membrane‐bound ferredoxin(Fd):NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (Fno) that couples Fd oxidation to vectorial H+/Na+ transport across the cytoplasmic membrane. Here, we produced two putative Rnf‐complexes from Clostridioides difficile (Cd‐Rnf) and Clostridium ljungdahlii (Cl‐Rnf) for the first time in Escherichia coli. A redox‐responsive low‐expression system enabled Rnf assembly in the membranes of E. coli as confirmed by in vitro activity measurements. To study the physiological effects of Rnf on the metabolism of E. coli, we assembled additional Fd‐dependent enzymes by plasmid‐based multigene expression: (a) an Fd‐linked butyrate pathway (But) from C. difficile, (b) an [FeFe]‐hydrogenase (Hyd) to modulate the redox state of Fd, and (c) heterologous ferredoxins as electron carriers. The hydrogenase efficiently modulated butyrate formation by H2‐mediated Fd reoxidation under nitrogen. In its functionally assembled state, Rnf severely impaired cell growth. Including Hyd in the But/Rnf background, in turn, restored normal growth. Our findings suggest that Rnf mediates reverse electron flow from NADH to Fd, which requires E. coli’s F‐type ATPase to function in its reverse, ATP hydrolyzing direction. The reduced Fd is then reoxidized by endogenous Fd:NAD(P)H oxidoreductase (Fpr), which regenerates NADH and, thereby, initiates a futile cycle fueled by ATP hydrolysis. The introduction of hydrogenase interrupts this futile cycle under N2 by providing an efficient NAD(P)+‐independent Fd reoxidation route, whereas under H2, Hyd outcompetes Rnf for Fd reduction. This is the first report of an Rnf complex being functionally produced and physiologically investigated in E. coli.
Evaluation of productive biofilms for continuous lactic acid production
Authors: Cuny Laure , Pfaff Daniel , Luther Jonas , Ranzinger Florian , Ödman Peter , Gescher Johannes , Guthausen Gisela , Horn Harald , Hille‐Reichel Andrea 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn white biotechnology research, the putative superiority of productive biofilms to conventional biotransformation processes based on planktonic cultures has been increasingly discussed in recent years. In the present study, we chose lactic acid production as a model application to evaluate biofilm potential. A pure culture of Lactobacillus bacteria was grown in a tubular biofilm reactor. The biofilm system was cultivated monoseptically in a continuous mode for more than 3 weeks. The higher cell densities that could be obtained in the continuous biofilm system compared with the planktonic culture led to a significantly increased space‐time yield. The productivity reached 80% of the maximum value 10 days after start‐up and no subsequent decline was observed, confirming the suitability of the system for long‐term fermentation. The analysis of biofilm performance revealed that productivity increases with the flow velocity. This is explained by the reduced retention time of the liquid phase in the reactor, and, thus, a minor pH drop caused by the released lactic acid. At low flow velocities, the pH drops to a value where growth and production are significantly inhibited. The biofilm was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging to analyze biofilm thickness. To deepen the understanding of the biofilm system, we used a simple model for cell growth and lactic acid production.
Management of isolated recurrence after surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Y I , Song K B , Lee Y-J , Park K-M , Hwang D W , Lee J H , Shin S H , Kwon J W , Ro J-S , Kim S C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Recurrence of pancreatic cancer after primary pancreatectomy occurs in the vast majority of patients. The role of surgical treatment for recurrent pancreatic cancer is not well established.

Methods
Patients who underwent primary pancreatectomy with curative intent from 2000 to 2014 at a single large-volume centre were evaluated retrospectively. CT or PET was used to select patients with an isolated recurrence. The clinicopathological features and survival outcomes were compared according to treatment modalities.

Results
Of the 1610 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent resection, 1346 (83·6 per cent) were diagnosed with recurrent pancreatic cancer. Recurrence was locoregional in 366 patients (27·2 per cent), distant multifocal in 251 (18·6 per cent), distant isolated in 188 (14·0 per cent), locoregional plus distant in 153 (11·4 per cent) and peritoneal seeding in 388 (28·8 per cent). Of the 1346 patients with recurrence, 197 (14·6 per cent) had isolated recurrence; of these, 48 (24·4 per cent of all isolated recurrences; 3·6 per cent of all recurrences) underwent resection. Median survival of the 197 patients after diagnosis of isolated recurrence was 14·7 months; it was longer in patients who underwent surgical resection than among those treated non-surgically (23·5 versus 12·0 months; P = 0·014). Multivariable analysis showed that chemotherapy and resection for recurrence were associated with better prognosis. Median survival after recurrence was longest in the 23 patients with isolated pulmonary recurrence (33·3 months). Survival after recurrence was better in patients who underwent resection of isolated recurrence in the remnant pancreas (median 28·0 versus 12·0 months, P = 0·010) and lung (median 36·5 versus 9·5 months; P = 0·010) than in those who did not undergo resection.

Conclusion
Surgical resection may be considered an option for treatment of patients with isolated recurrent pancreatic cancer.