bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reports of tropane alkaloid poisonings and analytical techniques for their determination in food crops and products from 2013 to 2023
Authors: Gravador Rufielyn S. , Haughey Simon , Meneely Julie , Greer Brett , Nugent Anne , Daniel Christy S. , Elliott Christopher 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFood safety is crucial to attaining food security and sustainability. Unsafe foods for human and animal consumption lead to product recalls and rejection, negatively impacting the global economy and trade. Similarly, climate change can adversely affect the availability of safe and nutritious food at the table. The changing climatic conditions and global food trade and transport can make the movement of toxic plants possible, resulting in food crops being increasingly invaded by some species of plants that produce toxic secondary metabolites, such as tropane alkaloids (TAs). Datura stramonium from the Solanaceae plant family is an invasive and virulent plant that produces high amounts of two TAs, atropine and scopolamine. Various food poisoning events following accidental or deliberate ingestion of foods contaminated by atropine and scopolamine from seeds of D. stramonium have been recorded in different locations globally. Due to these incidents, regulatory agencies require the development of plant toxin detection methods that can be used in the food chain as early as possible. This systematic review thus focuses on the TA determination techniques in food and feeds published between 2013 and 2023. A particular focus was given to the sample preparation methods, the improvements of each technique claimed, and data to support the performance of each method, especially the ability to measure at or below the maximum level. The review concludes with other technological advancements, including rapid spectroscopy, electrophoresis, and colorimetric methods, as well as the possibility of coupling with smartphones for use in on‐farm detection and the challenges in applying them.
Simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins in agricultural products: Recent advances in optical and electrochemical sensing methods
Authors: Tang Chunyuan , He Yi , Yuan Bingzheng , Li Libo , Luo Lijun , You Tianyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMycotoxin contamination poses serious threats to human and animal health. Food and environmental systems are often simultaneously contaminated with multiple mycotoxins, a problem that is further exacerbated by the synergistic toxicological effects of these co‐occurring mycotoxins. Consequently, the development of rapid detection methods capable of simultaneously identifying multiple mycotoxins in agricultural products is essential to prevent their entry into the food chain. Compared to standard detection methods, optical and electrochemical (EC) sensing methods have distinct advantages for the rapid detection of mycotoxins. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest advancements in the field of simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins using optical and EC sensing methods over the last 6 years (2018–2024). First, the review introduces the classification and relevant principles of optical and EC sensing methods. Thereafter, it emphasizes innovative simultaneous detection strategies within these approaches. Finally, it discusses current challenges and offers a reference for further research. Currently, the main challenge lies in the mutual interference among targets, making the development of an interference‐free detection platform essential. Furthermore, the ongoing development of integrated technology is expected to aid regulatory authorities in improving the quality of agricultural products for field applications.
Publication output of RANZCR radiation oncologists in 2022–23
Authors: Roos Daniel , Milner Lisa , Kang Therese , Quinn Emma , Ong Wee Loon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this work was to determine the current publication output of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists radiation oncologists (ROs) to serve as a baseline contributing to future assessment of the effectiveness of the College's Research Action Plan 2024–26.MethodsAn online survey was sent to all ROs in the College's member database in March–April 2024 requesting a list of publications between 2022 and 2023. A PubMed search was performed to cross‐check the self‐reported publications. Given the low response rate (8%), an additional PubMed search was performed for the non‐responders. The primary outcomes were publication proportions and rates, and the secondary outcomes were demographic correlates (gender, country, seniority).ResultsThere were 536 eligible ROs (56% males; 80% practicing in Australia; median 12.4 years post‐Fellowship) with 1,012 unique publications identified. The proportions of ROs with at least one publication in any‐, first‐ and last‐author positions averaged 45%, 15% and 17% per year, respectively. On multivariable analysis, there were statistically significant differences in publications by seniority (higher proportions of last‐authorships but lower proportions of first‐authorships, for those ≥5 years post‐Fellowship) and by country (lower any‐, and last‐authorships for New Zealand [NZ] than Australia or Singapore).The mean numbers of any‐, first‐ and last‐authorships were 1.6, 0.18 and 0.29 per RO per year, respectively. On multivariable analysis, there were statistically significant differences by gender (males had more any‐, and first‐authorships), seniority (senior ROs had more last‐authorships but less first‐authorships) and country (lower numbers of any‐, and last‐authorships for New Zealand).ConclusionThis organization‐wide study provides comprehensive baseline RO publication data and identifies opportunities for the College to further address correlated disparities.
Elective extubation during skin‐to‐skin care in preterm newborns is safe and well‐tolerated
Authors: Morey‐Olivé M. , Romaní‐Franquesa N. , Echeverría‐Gallart M. , Céspedes‐Dominguez M. C. , Camba‐Longueira F. , Montaner‐Ramon A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the safety and tolerance of elective extubations in preterm newborns (PNB) during skin‐to‐skin care (SSC) compared to those performed in an incubator.MethodsRetrospective observational study including 142 extubations in 93 PNB with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) <1500 g performed during the first 2 months of life. Safety, tolerance and extubation success at 72 h were assessed.ResultsThe median GA was 25.4 weeks in the SSC group versus 26.6 weeks in the incubator group (p = 0.002). The median BW was 700 grams and 880 grams, respectively (p = 0.001). In total, 60 extubations (42.3%) were performed during SSC in 42 PNB and 82 in incubator in 69 PNB. No incidents related to extubation during SSC were recorded. The extubation success rate was 80% in SSC versus 79.3% in incubator (p = 0.915). Most failures occurred between 3 and 24 h after extubation. There were no observed differences in heart rate or FiO2 variations between the groups, nor in the need to escalate respiratory support at 24 h after extubation (SSC 15% vs. incubator 12.2%, p = 0.628).ConclusionExtubation during SSC is a feasible, safe and well‐tolerated practice, while allowing PNB to experience the benefits from SSC.
Visualising and mapping historical networks of international diplomatic training
Authors: Harris Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhat might methodological approaches drawing on Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Social Network Analysis (SNA) offer to sub‐disciplines in geography which have traditionally been dominated by qualitative and often micro‐scale research, such as historical or political geography? How might these approaches—often understood as opposing—be brought together to advance transnational research in particular? This article responds to these questions through a reflection on a recent project on the geopolitics of diplomatic training in the mid‐twentieth century. Building on the established use of biography to focus transnational analyses within a complex abundance of sources, the project complemented such close‐reading with computational methods of distant‐reading, able to analyse large datasets to produce prosopographies and network visualisations that help identify diffuse and larger scale political and geographical relationships. The article concludes with a consideration of how such methods might be effectively integrated in the historical or political geographer's toolkit.
Clinical value of contralateral biopsies in men with unilateral MRI foci undergoing targeted biopsy
Authors: Boesen Lars , Nørgaard Nis , Bisbjerg Rasmus , Løgager Vibeke 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the additional prostate cancer detection yield and clinical implications of performing contralateral systematic biopsies in men with unilateral suspicious magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings undergoing MRI‐guided transperineal (TP) biopsies in an outpatient clinic.Patients and MethodsA prospective study of 655 consecutive men with unilateral MRI suspicious findings undergoing office‐based MRI‐guided TP biopsies between May 2022 and December 2023. All men had pre‐biopsy MRI followed by MRI‐guided TP fusion biopsies with at least four targeted cores per lesion plus five contralateral systematic biopsies. The primary objective was the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate of contralateral systematic biopsies in men with no or insignificant PCa on targeted biopsies. Secondary objectives included the impact of contralateral biopsies on PCa grade upgrading, additional insignificant PCa diagnoses, and the clinical implications of multifocal csPCa detected on both targeted and contralateral cores.ResultsAny and csPCa (Gleason Grade Group [GG] ≥2) was detected in 564/655 (85%) and 471/655 (71%) men with a median age of 66 years and PSA level of 7.6 ng/mL. Overall, seven of 655 (1%) men had csPCa detected by contralateral systematic biopsies missed on MRI‐targeted biopsy, all of whom had low‐volume Gleason GG 2 PCa eligible for active surveillance. Furthermore, 70/464 (15%) men with csPCa on MRI‐targeted biopsy had matching Gleason GG 2–5 PCa on contralateral biopsy, and another seven had higher Gleason GG. However, the additional information from contralateral biopsies did not seem to influence whole‐gland treatment allocation and nerve‐sparing during surgery.ConclusionContralateral systematic biopsies in men with unilateral MRI findings undergoing MRI‐guided TP targeted biopsies have limited value for csPCa detection and risk assessment for whole‐gland treatment but may be important for determining PCa multifocality considering focal therapy eligibility.
Meta‐analysis of the acoustic adaptation hypothesis reveals no support for the effect of vegetation structure on acoustic signalling across terrestrial vertebrates
Authors: Freitas Bárbara , D'Amelio Pietro B. , Milá Borja , Thébaud Christophe , Janicke Tim 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAcoustic communication plays a prominent role in various ecological and evolutionary processes involving social interactions. The properties of acoustic signals are thought to be influenced not only by the interaction between signaller and receiver but also by the acoustic characteristics of the environment through which the signal is transmitted. This conjecture forms the core of the so‐called “acoustic adaptation hypothesis” (AAH), which posits that vegetation structure affects frequency and temporal parameters of acoustic signals emitted by a signaller as a function of their acoustic degradation properties. Specifically, animals in densely vegetated “closed habitats” are expected to produce longer acoustic signals with lower repetition rates and lower frequencies (minimum, mean, maximum, and peak) compared to those inhabiting less‐vegetated “open habitats”. To date, this hypothesis has received mixed results, with the level of support depending on the taxonomic group and the methodology used. We conducted a systematic literature search of empirical studies testing for an effect of vegetation structure on acoustic signalling and assessed the generality of the AAH using a meta‐analytic approach based on 371 effect sizes from 75 studies and 57 taxa encompassing birds, mammals and amphibians. Overall, our results do not provide consistent support for the AAH, neither in within‐species comparisons (suggesting no overall phenotypically plastic response of acoustic signalling to vegetation structure) nor in among‐species comparisons (suggesting no overall evolutionary response). However, when considering birds only, we found weak support for the AAH in within‐species comparisons, which was mainly driven by studies that measured frequency bandwidth, suggesting that this variable may exhibit a phenotypically plastic response to vegetation structure. For among‐species comparisons in birds, we also found support for the AAH, but this effect was not significant after excluding comparative studies that did not account for phylogenetic non‐independence. Collectively, our synthesis does not support a universal role of vegetation structure in the evolution of acoustic communication. We highlight the need for more empirical work on currently under‐studied taxa such as amphibians, mammals, and insects. Furthermore, we propose a framework for future research on the AAH. We specifically advocate for a more detailed and quantitative characterisation of habitats to identify frequencies with the highest detection probability and to determine if frequencies with greater detection distances are preferentially used. Finally, we stress that empirical tests of the AAH should focus on signals that are selected for increased transmission distance.
Higher Hospitalization Costs and Fewer Routine Discharges in the Medicaid Expansion Era for Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kalra Andrew , Ruck Jessica M. , Zhou Alice L. , Akbar Armaan F. , Leng Albert , You Bin , Casillan Alfred J. , Ha Jinny S. , Merlo Christian A. , Bush Errol L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn January 2014, states expanded Medicaid access under the Affordable Care Act. We studied the financial implications of this policy on lung transplantation, a costly procedure.MethodsLung transplant (LT) hospitalizations were identified within the National Inpatient Sample (2005–2020). Recipients were categorized as “pre‐expansion” (1/2005–12/2013) versus “post‐expansion” (1/2014–12/2020) of Medicaid and as being in “expander” versus “non‐expander” regions. We calculated difference‐in‐differences estimates comparing pre‐ and post‐expansion eras in expander versus non‐expander regions for inflation‐adjusted hospitalization costs and for discharge disposition. We evaluated total hospitalization costs using multivariable generalized linear regression, adjusting for recipient demographics, Charlson Comorbidity Index, single versus double‐lung transplant, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), ex‐vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), and mechanical ventilation usage.ResultsOf the 29 225 LT recipients identified, 14 085 were pre‐expansion and 15 140 were post‐expansion. More recipients were insured by Medicaid in expander n = 735 (9%) versus non‐expander n = 220, (3%) regions (p = 0.01) post‐expansion. Hospitalization costs increased post‐ versus pre‐expansion by $20 948 (95% CI = $8713–$33 183, p < 0.001) more in expander versus non‐expander regions even after adjustment for risk factors associated with increased costs. Within expander regions, recipients post‐ versus pre‐expansion were less likely to be discharged routinely (n = 2625, 28% vs. n = 3959, 44%) and more likely to be discharged to care facilities (n = 2045, 22% vs. n = 1045, 12%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAlthough Medicaid expansion resulted in greater access to care, it was associated with increased hospitalization costs and fewer routine discharges for LT recipients. Further research is warranted to identify the reasons that underpin the financial sequelae of Medicaid expansion, including changes in access to care for sicker patients.
Cover cropping in organic reduced tillage systems: Maximizing soil cover or plant above ground biomass input?
Authors: Oberholzer Simon , Jarosch Klaus A. , Harder Nadine , Steffens Markus , Speranza Chinwe Ifejika 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCover crops are grown between two main crops to reduce periods of bare fallow. In highly diverse crop rotations, the lengths of break periods between two main crops vary highly over time and consequently the cover cropping management differs from year to year. Long‐term field trials are thus of limited use because the same cover cropping approach only appears once in several years. This increases the need to better determine the immediate effects of different cover cropping strategies on soil properties. This study evaluated two cover cropping strategies and monitored the temporal development of several soil properties on six fields in Eastern Switzerland in the 9 months period between harvest of winter wheat and sowing of spring crops. The two tested strategies were (a) double cover cropping (DCC) where two cover crops mixtures were grown subsequently and shallowly (3 cm) incorporated into the topsoil and (b) permanent soil cover (PSC) with one grass‐clover mixture, which was harvested and thus not incorporated into the soil. Soil samples at three different soil depths (0–5, 5–10 and 10–20 cm) were sampled four times in high spatial resolution and analysed using a combined approach of visible near infrared spectroscopy and conventional lab methods. Differences between the sampling times and field sites were stronger than effects of different treatments. For soil organic carbon (SOC), no significant difference was measured between treatments in 0–20 cm soil depth. Only when analysed per depth segment, the PSC treatment showed significantly higher SOC increase in 5–10 cm soil depth than the DCC treatment. This could be due to the longer soil cover and thereby associated longer root growth period in the PSC treatment, leading to higher below ground C inputs than in the DCC treatment. On the other hand, the DCC treatment showed generally higher increases in permanganate oxidizable carbon stocks (0–5 cm), microbial C (0–10 cm), microbial N (0–10 cm) and mineral N (0–10 cm) than the PSC treatment. We conclude that maximizing cover crop above ground biomass input by planting two cover crops (DCC) benefitted soil microorganisms on most fields but was less beneficial on SOC than permanent soil cover (PSC) in 5–10 cm soil depth.
Spatial and Temporal Exhumation of the Northeastern China: Insights From Low Temperature Thermochronology
Authors: Wang Yannan , Chen Lian , Zhang Jin , Zhao Cunliang , Zhao Heng , Guo Wenmu , Qu Junfeng , Li Yingjie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe northeastern (NE) China has undergone a long‐term tectonic history involving subduction–accretion of the Siberian Craton, North China Craton, and Western Pacific Plate, providing an ideal target for understanding the interactions between cratons and the Pacific oceanic lithosphere. However, the Mesozoic‐Cenozoic geological and topographic evolutions of the NE China remain unclear. Here, we present new apatite fission track data from Precambrian metamorphic rocks in the Lesser Hinggan Mountains. Apatite fission track dating yielded a group of central ages ranging from 130 ± 18 to 151 ± 11 Ma with mean track lengths varying between 13.67 ± 0.13 and 14.49 ± 0.08 μm. Thermal modeling results revealed a rapid cooling event at ca. 165–140 Ma, which was related to compressional deformations driven by shallow subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Ocean Plate beneath the northeastern China. Furthermore, regional low temperature thermochronological datasets in NE China show additional three rapid exhumation stages, including the Early Jurassic (ca. 200–180 Ma), Early Cretaceous (ca. 120–100 Ma), and Late Cretaceous (ca. 80–60 Ma). They were associated with closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean, slab rollback of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate, and collision between the Okhotomorsk Block and southeastern Asia. As the Cenozoic, slow exhumation has emerged throughout the northeastern China.
Educational efficiency across Spanish regions: a comparative analysis over time
Authors: Cordero José Manuel , Sicilia Gabriela , Simancas Rosa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to assess the performance of Spanish regional education systems using data from the last waves of the Programme for International Student Assessment dataset (2018 and 2022) to explore how productivity gaps across regions change over time. To do this, we apply a robust version of the base‐group base‐period Luenberger index, which allows us to estimate and compare the performance of schools from different groups (regions in our case), assuming they use different technology of production. Consequently, we can compare the technical and efficiency gaps between regions, to identify the best performers (benchmark) and explain the gaps in terms of efficiency change (catching‐up effect) and technological change. The results show that all Spanish regions have experienced a deterioration in their performance over time, thus confirming the expected negative effect of the school closures caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, there are notable differences in the evolution experienced by the different regions, which allow us to draw several relevant conclusions for the design of educational policies.
Cheap U.S. Dollar Credit: Panacea or Poison? Firm‐Level Evidence from Emerging Markets
Authors: WANG XIAO , WU STEVE PAK YEUNG , YE HAICHUN 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUsing firm‐level data from emerging markets, we find that the dollar debt issuance significantly increases issuers’ risk‐taking. While the dollar debt issuance significantly increases issuers’ investment spending, it reduces their investment efficiency substantially. We also show that macroprudential policies can help mitigate the risk‐taking effect of dollar debt issuance. In addition, we provide evidence that nonissuers exhibit increased risk‐taking when faced with rising intraindustry competition pressure from issuers. Overall, the cross‐sectional risk distributions at the industry level are more tilted toward the downside.