bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Surveillance Advanced Imaging and Serum Tumor Biomarker Testing Following Launch of the Choosing Wisely Initiative
Authors: Miles Randy C. , Lee Christoph I. , Sun Qin , Bansal Aasthaa , Lyman Gary H. , Specht Jennifer M. , Fedorenko Catherine R. , Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Ramsey Scott D. , Lee Janie M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground: The purpose of this study was to assess advanced imaging (bone scan, CT, or PET/CT) and serum tumor biomarker use in asymptomatic breast cancer survivors during the surveillance period. Patients and Methods: Cancer registry records for 2,923 women diagnosed with primary breast cancer in Washington State between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2014, were linked with claims data from 2 regional commercial insurance plans. Clinical data including demographic and tumor characteristics were collected. Evaluation and management codes from claims data were used to determine advanced imaging and serum tumor biomarker testing during the peridiagnostic and surveillance phases of care. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify clinical factors and patterns of peridiagnostic imaging and biomarker testing associated with surveillance advanced imaging. Results: Of 2,923 eligible women, 16.5% (n=480) underwent surveillance advanced imaging and 31.8% (n=930) received surveillance serum tumor biomarker testing. Compared with women diagnosed before the launch of the Choosing Wisely campaign in 2012, later diagnosis was associated with lower use of surveillance advanced imaging (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52–0.89). Factors significantly associated with use of surveillance advanced imaging included increasing disease stage (stage III: OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 2.48–5.38), peridiagnostic advanced imaging use (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.33–2.31), and peridiagnostic serum tumor biomarker testing (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.01–1.80). Conclusions: Although use of surveillance advanced imaging in asymptomatic breast cancer survivors has declined since the launch of the Choosing Wisely campaign, frequent use of surveillance serum tumor biomarker testing remains prevalent, representing a potential target for further efforts to reduce low-value practices.
PTCH1 Mutation in a Patient With Metastatic Undifferentiated Carcinoma With Clear Cell Change
Authors: Tsai Katy K. , Khurana Neharika , McCalmont Timothy , Daud Adil , Bastian Boris , Yeh Iwei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractClear cell basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is an unusual variant of BCC. Its pathogenesis, prognosis, and optimal management remain poorly described due to its rarity. This report presents a 51-year-old man with a history of excised BCC and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas of the face, with multiple recurrent poorly differentiated carcinomas with clear cell changes of the shoulder for which further classification using conventional histologic means was not possible. His tumor tissue was sent to Foundation Medicine for testing, which revealed a high number of pathogenic genomic alterations, including a mutation inPTCH1. He was diagnosed with dedifferentiated BCC and started on vismodegib. He developed lung metastases while receiving vismodegib, and his disease continued to progress while he was undergoing treatment in a phase I clinical trial. Given the high number of pathogenic alterations suggestive of high tumor mutational burden, immunotherapy was considered and off-label authorization was obtained for treatment with a PD-1 antibody (pembrolizumab). He had a dramatic disease response after 4 infusions of pembrolizumab. Molecular testing was instrumental in determining the correct diagnosis and formulating appropriate treatment options for this patient. Molecular profiling of metastatic BCCs and its subtypes is essential to the development of effective targeted therapies and combination approaches.
Kininogen-1 as a protein biomarker for schizophrenia through mass spectrometry and genetic association analyses
Authors: Yang Mingjia , Zhou Na , Zhang Huiping , Kang Guojun , Cao Bonan , Kang Qi , Li Rixin , Zhu Xiaojing , Rao Wenwang , Yu Qiong 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex and severe mental illness. There is a lack of effective biomarkers for SCZ diagnosis. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of using serum peptides for the diagnosis of SCZ as well as analyze the association of variants in genes coding for these peptides and SCZ.MethodsAfter bead-based fractionation, the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry technique was used to identify peptides that showed different expressions between 166 SCZ patients and 201 healthy controls. Differentially expressed peptides were verified in a second set of samples (81 SCZ patients and 103 healthy controls). The association of SCZ and three tagSNPs selected in genes coding for differentially expressed peptides was performed in 1,126 SCZ patients and 1,168 controls.ResultsThe expression level of peptides with m/z 1,945.07 was significant lower in SCZ patients than in healthy controls (P< 0.000001). The peptide with m/z 1,945.07 was confirmed to be a fragment of Kininogen-1. In the verification tests, Kininogen-1 had a sensitivity of 95.1% and a specificity of 97.1% in SCZ prediction. Among the three tagSNPs (rs13037490, rs2983639, rs2983640) selected in the Cystatin 9 gene (CST9) which encodes peptides including Kininogen-1, tagSNP rs2983640 had its genotype distributions significantly different between SCZ patients and controls under different genetic models (P< 0.05). Haplotypes CG (rs2983639–rs2983640) and TCG (rs13037490–rs2983639–rs2983640) were significantly associated with SCZ (CG: OR = 1.21, 95% CI [1.02–1.44],P= 0.032; TCG: OR = 24.85, 95% CI [5.98–103.17],P< 0.0001).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that SCZ patients had decreased expression of Kininogen-1 and genetic variants in Kininogen-1 coding geneCST9were significantly associated with SCZ. The findings from both protein and genetic association studies suggest that Kininogen-1 could be a biomarker of SCZ.
Effect of Carrot Powder Addition on the Quality Attributes of Cookies Produced from Wheat and Soy Flour Blends
Authors: Ukeyima M. T. , Dendegh T. A. , Okeke P. C. 
Published: July 2019

Aim: To evaluate effect of carrot powder addition on the quality attributes of cookies produced from wheat and soy flour blends.
Study Design: Cookies were produced from wheat flour, soy flour and carrot powder composite blends. Functional (bulk density, foam capacity, oil absorption capacity, water absorption capacity and swelling index) properties, Proximate (crude protein, ash, moisture, crude fibre, crude fat, carbohydrate and energy value) composition, Physical (weight, diameter, thickness and spread ratio) and sensory (appearance, flavour, taste, texture and overall acceptability) attributes were determined.
Results: The functional properties showed that Bulk Density ranged from 0.82 – 0.92, Foam capacity ranged 3.92 – 5.00, Oil Absorption Capacity ranged from 0.60 – 0.97%, Water Absorption Capacity ranged from 1.05 – 1.45% and Swelling Index ranged from 2.37 – 2.75. Results of percentage proximate composition showed that moisture content ranged from 4.70 – 7.57, protein content ranged from 10.61 – 21.60, fat content ranged from 8.89 – 15.85, fibre content ranged from 1.39 – 4.30, ash content ranged from 0.70 – 1.23 and carbohydrate content ranged from 52.34 – 70.84. The physical properties showed that weight of the cookies ranged from 17.85 – 21.60, diameter ranged from 57.50 – 60.50, thickness ranged from 20.50 – 24.00 and spread ratio ranged from 2.40 – 2.91. The sensory attribute showed that cookies produced from wheat flour, soy flour and carrot powder compared well with cookies produced with wheat flour. The wheat flour cookie sample (A) was most preferred by the panellist.
Conclusion: The functional properties of the composite flour produced from wheat, soybean and carrot powder show potential quality that when properly harnessed could be used for the production of baked product like biscuits, pastry etc. The proximate composition shows that the composite flour cookies were the most preferred sample to the 100% wheat flour cookies. This is due to its high protein, fat, ash and fibre content to that of thee 100% wheat cookies. However, in terms of proximate composition, the composite cookies were most acceptable. The physical property of the cookies indicates that the composite flour cookies were most preferred to the 100% wheat cookie. This could be seen from the high values it’s had in weight, diameter and spread ratio. However, the sensory score of the overall acceptability shows that the 100% wheat cookies were most acceptable. Though, the composite flour cookies compete very closely with 100% wheat cookies.
EPR spectroscopy of putative enzyme intermediates in the NO reductase and the auto‐nitrosylation reaction of Desulfovibrio vulgaris hybrid cluster protein
Authors: Hagen Wilfred R. 
Published: July 2019

The hybrid cluster protein (Hcp) contains a unique 4Fe cluster that is a hybrid of μ‐S and μ‐O bridges. Escherichia coli Hcp has recently been found to carry NO reductase activity as well as S‐nitrosylation activity in NO‐based signaling. In other species, the physiological activity has not been established. No reaction mechanism of any Hcp has been proposed. Here, we show that Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Hildenborough) Hcp has nitric oxide reductase activity with benzyl viologen as electron donor. With EPR spectroscopy, we identify three unexpected putative reaction intermediates: both in reduced and oxidized Hcp, dinitrosyl iron complexes are formed. Also, the hybrid cluster in reduced Hcp, but not in oxidized Hcp, binds the product N2O. Possible implications for a reaction mechanism are discussed.
Vanishing white matter: deregulated integrated stress response as therapy target
Authors: Abbink Truus E. M. , Wisse Lisanne E. , Jaku Ermelinda , Thiecke Michiel J. , Voltolini‐González Daniel , Fritsen Hein , Bobeldijk Sander , ter Braak Timo J. , Polder Emiel , Postma Nienke L. , Bugiani Marianna , Struijs Eduard A. , Verheijen Mark , Straat Nina , van der Sluis Sophie , Thomas Adri A. M. , Molenaar Douwe , van der Knaap Marjo S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveVanishing white matter (VWM) is a fatal, stress‐sensitive leukodystrophy that mainly affects children and is currently without treatment. VWM is caused by recessive mutations in eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) that is crucial for initiation of mRNA translation and its regulation during the integrated stress response (ISR). Mutations reduce eIF2B activity. VWM pathomechanisms remain unclear. In contrast with the housekeeping function of eIF2B, astrocytes are selectively affected in VWM. One study objective was to test our hypothesis that in the brain translation of specific mRNAs is altered by eIF2B mutations, impacting primarily astrocytes. The second objective was to investigate whether modulation of eIF2B activity could ameliorate this altered translation and improve the disease.MethodsMice with biallelic missense mutations in eIF2B that recapitulate human VWM were used to screen for mRNAs with altered translation in brain using polysomal profiling. Findings were verified in brain tissue from VWM patients using qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The compound ISRIB (for “ISR inhibitor”) was administered to VWM mice to increase eIF2B activity. Its effect on translation, neuropathology, and clinical signs was assessed.ResultsIn brains of VWM compared to wild‐type mice we observed the most prominent changes in translation concerning ISR mRNAs; their expression levels correlated with disease severity. We substantiated these findings in VWM patients’ brains. ISRIB normalized expression of mRNA markers, ameliorated brain white matter pathology and improved motor skills in VWM mice.InterpretationThe present findings show that ISR deregulation is central in VWM pathomechanisms and a viable target for therapy.
A Biocompatible Free Radical Nanogenerator with Real‐Time Monitoring Capability for High Performance Sequential Hypoxic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wan Yingpeng , Lu Guihong , Zhang Jinfeng , Wang Ziying , Li Xiaozhen , Chen Rui , Cui Xiao , Huang Zhongming , Xiao Yafang , Chelora Jipsa , Zhang Wenjun , Liu Yanhong , Li Min , Xie Hai‐Yan , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHypoxic microenvironment severely reduces therapeutic efficacy of oxygen‐dependent photodynamic therapy in solid tumor due to the hampered cytotoxic oxygen radicals generation. Herein, a biocompatible nanoparticle (NP) is developed by combining bovine serum albumin, indocyanine green (ICG), and an oxygen‐independent radicals generator (AIPH) for efficient sequential cancer therapy, denoted as BIA NPs. Upon near‐infrared irradiation, the photothermal effect generated by ICG will induce rapid decomposition of AIPH to release cytotoxic alkyl radicals, leading to cancer cell death in both normoxic and hypoxic environments. Moreover, such nanosystem provides the highest AIPH loading capacity (14.9%) among all previously reported radical nanogenerators (generally from 5–8%). Additionally, the aggregation‐quenched fluorescence of ICG molecules in the NPs can be gradually released and recovered upon irradiation enabling real‐time drug release monitoring. More attractively, these BIA NPs exhibit remarkable anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo, achieving 100% tumor elimination and 100% survival rate among 50 days treatment. These results highlight that this albumin‐based nanoplatform is promising for high‐performance cancer therapy circumventing hypoxic tumor environment and possessing great potential for future clinical translation.
A Drastic Effect of TEMPO in Zinc‐Catalyzed Stannylation of Terminal Alkynes with Hydrostannanes via Dehydrogenation and Oxidative Dehydrogenation
Authors: Kai Yuichi , Oku Shinya , Tani Tomohiro , Sakurai Kyoko , Tsuchimoto Teruhisa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWith a system consisting of a catalytic zinc Lewis acid, pyridine, and TEMPO in a nitrile medium, terminal alkynes coupled with HSnBu3, providing alkynylstannanes with structural diversity. The resulting alkynylstannane, without being isolated, could be directly used for Pd‐ and Cu‐catalyzed transformations to deliver internal alkynes and more intricate tin‐atom‐containing molecules. Mechanistic studies indicated that TEMPOSnBu3formed in situ from TEMPO and HSnBu3works to stannylate the terminal alkyne in collaboration with the zinc catalyst, and that both of dehydrogenation and oxidative dehydrogenation processes are uniquely involved in a single reaction.magnified image
Construction of Hierarchical Co–Fe Oxyphosphide Microtubes for Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Peng , Lu Xue Feng , Nai Jianwei , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDevelopment of efficient electrocatalysts is a crucial requirement to build water splitting systems for the production of clean and sustainable fuels. This goal could be achieved by fine‐tuning the composition and structure of the electrocatalytic materials. Here, a facile self‐templated synthetic strategy is developed for the fabrication of hierarchical Co–Fe oxyphosphide microtubes (MTs). Fe‐based metal–organic compound microrods are first synthesized as the self‐sacrificing template. Afterward, the Fe‐based precursors are converted into hierarchical Co–Fe layered double hydroxide MTs through a hydrothermal approach, which are then transformed into the hierarchical Co–Fe oxyphosphide MTs by a phosphidation treatment. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the compositions and the advantages of the hierarchical hollow structure, the obtained electrocatalyst exhibits enhanced performance for overall water splitting.
Habitat preference in the critically endangered yellow‐tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) at La Esperanza, Peru
Authors: Almeyda Zambrano Sandra L. , Broadbent Eben N. , Shanee Sam , Shanee Noga , Deluycker Anneke , Steinberg Michael , Ford Scott A. , Hernández Jaramillo Alma , Fernandez‐Hilario Robin , Lagos Castillo Carolina , Almeyda Zambrano Angelica M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHabitat loss is one of the main threats to wildlife. Therefore, knowledge of habitat use and preference is essential for the design of conservation strategies and identification of priority sites for the protection of endangered species. The yellow‐tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda Humboldt, 1812), categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, is endemic to montane forests in northern Peru where its habitat is greatly threatened. We assessed how habitat use and preference in L. flavicauda are linked to forest structure and composition. The study took place near La Esperanza, in the Amazonas region, Peru. Our objective was to identify characteristics of habitat most utilized by L. flavicauda to provide information that will be useful for the selection of priority sites for conservation measures. Using presence records collected from May 2013 to February 2014 for one group of L. flavicauda, we classified the study site into three different use zones: low‐use, medium‐use, and high‐use. We assessed forest structure and composition for all use zones using 0.1 ha Gentry vegetation transects. Results show high levels of variation in plant species composition across the three use zones. Plants used as food resources had considerably greater density, dominance, and ecological importance in high‐use zones. High‐use zones presented similar structure to medium‐ and low‐use zones; thus it remains difficult to assess the influence of forest structure on habitat preference. We recommend focusing conservation efforts on areas with a similar floristic composition to the high‐use zones recorded in this study and suggest utilizing key alimentation species for reforestation efforts.
Triple‐Targeting Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 To Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Zhang Lingmin , Wang Le , Xie Yangzhouyun , Wang Peng , Deng Sai , Qin Aiping , Zhang Jiangjiang , Yu Xiyong , Zheng Wenfu , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA high level of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) in the blood is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Herein, we present a triple‐targeting strategy to generate a loss‐of‐function mutation in Pcsk9, which regulates plasma cholesterol levels, using a nanocarrier‐delivered CRISPR/Cas9 system. Nuclear localization signal (NLS)‐tagged Cas9 and Pcsk9‐targeted single guide RNA (sgPcsk9) were complexed with gold nanoclusters (GNCs) modified with cationic HIV‐1‐transactivating transcriptor (TAT) peptide and further encapsulated in a galactose‐modified lipid layer to target the nanoclusters to the liver. The resulting nanoclusters had an in vitro Pcsk9‐editing efficiency of about 60 % and resulting in a decrease in plasma LDL‐C in mice of approximately 30%. No off‐target mutagenesis was detected in 10 sites with high similarity. This approach may have therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease without side effects.
Trisulfide‐Bond Acenes for Organic Batteries
Authors: Hu Peng , He Xuexia , Ng Man‐Fai , Ye Jun , Zhao Chenyang , Wang Shancheng , Tan Kejie , Chaturvedi Apoorva , Jiang Hui , Kloc Christian , Hu Wenping , Long Yi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe molecular design of organic battery electrodes is a big challenge. Here, we synthesize two metal‐free organosulfur acenes and shed insight into battery properties using first‐principles calculations. A new zone‐melting chemical‐vapor‐transport (ZM‐CVT) apparatus was fabricated to provide a simple, solvent‐free, and continuous synthetic protocol, and produce single crystals of tetrathiotetracene (TTT) and hexathiapentacene (HTP) at a large scale. Single crystals of HTP showed better Li‐ion battery performance and higher cycling stability than those of TTT. A two‐step, three‐electron lithiation mechanism instead of the commonly depicted two‐electron mechanism is proposed for the HTP Li‐ion battery. The superior performance of HTP is linked to unique trisulfide bonding scenarios, which are also responsible for the formation of empty channels along the stacking direction. In‐depth theoretical analysis suggests that organosulfur acenes are potential prototypes for organic battery materials with tunable properties, and that the tuning of sulfur bonds is critical in designing these new materials.
Continuously Tunable Ion Rectification and Conductance in Submicrochannels Stemming from Thermoresponsive Polymer Self‐Assembly
Authors: Wu Yafeng , Yang Guang , Lin Mingchang , Kong Xiangyu , Mi Li , Liu Songqin , Chen Guosong , Tian Ye , Jiang Lei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA biomimetic conical submicrochannel (tip side ca. 400 nm) with functions of continuously tunable ion rectification and conductance based on thermoresponsive polymer layer‐by‐layer (LbL) self‐assembly is presented. These self‐assembled polymers with different layers exhibited a capability to regulate the effective channel diameter, and different ion rectifications/conductance were achieved. By controlling temperature, the conformation and wettability of the assembled polymers were reversibly transformed, thus the ion rectification/conductance could be further adjusted subtly. Owing to the synergistic effect, the ion conductance could be tuned over a wide range spanning three orders of magnitude. Moreover, the proposed system can be applied for on‐demand on‐off molecule delivery, which was important for disease therapy. This study opens a new door for regulating channel size according to actual demand and sensing big targets with different size with one channel.
Linkage Effect in the Heterogenization of Cobalt Complexes by Doped Graphene for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Wang Jiong , Huang Xiang , Xi Shibo , Lee Jong‐Min , Wang Cheng , Du Yonghua , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractImmobilization of planar CoII‐2,3‐naphthalocyanine (NapCo) complexes onto doped graphene resulted in a heterogeneous molecular Co electrocatalyst that was active and selective to reduce CO2 into CO in aqueous solution. A systematic study revealed that graphitic sulfoxide and carboxyl dopants of graphene were the efficient binding sites for the immobilization of NapCo through axial coordination and resulted in active Co sites for CO2 reduction. Compared to carboxyl dopants, the sulfoxide dopants further improved the electron communication between NapCo and graphene, which led to the increase of turnover frequency of the Co sites by about 3 times for CO production with a Faradic efficiency up to 97 %. Pristine NapCo in the absence of a graphene support did not display efficient electron communication with the electrode and thus failed to serve as the electrochemical active site for CO2 reduction under the identical conditions.