bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Helix Engineering in Chiral Photonic Materials
Authors: Kragt Augustinus J. J. , Hoekstra Davey C. , Stallinga Sjoerd , Broer Dirk J. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEngineering the helical structure of chiral photonic materials in three dimensions remains a challenge. 3D helix engineered photonic materials are fabricated by local stratification in a photopolymerizable chiral nematic liquid crystal. The obtained chiral photonic materials reflect both handedness of circular polarized light and show super‐reflectivity. Simulations match the experimentally observed photonic properties and reveal a distorted helical structure. 3D engineered polymer films can be made that reflect both left‐ and right handed circular and linear polarized light dependent and exhibit a changing color contrast upon altering the polarization of incident light. Hence, these 3D engineered photonic materials are of interest for new and emerging applications ranging from anti‐counterfeit labels and data encryption to aesthetics and super‐reflective films.
Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Introduced BaSnO3−δ Photoanodes with Tunable Band Structures for Efficient Solar‐Driven Water Splitting
Authors: Kim Myeongjin , Lee Byeongyong , Ju Hyun , Kim Jin Young , Kim Jooheon , Lee Seung Woo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo achieve excellent photoelectrochemical water‐splitting activity, photoanode materials with high light absorption and good charge‐separation efficiency are essential. One effective strategy for the production of materials satisfying these requirements is to adjust their band structure and corresponding bandgap energy by introducing oxygen vacancies. A simple chemical reduction method that can systematically generate oxygen vacancies in barium stannate (BaSnO3 (BSO)) crystal is introduced, which thus allows for precise control of the bandgap energy. A BSO photoanode with optimum oxygen‐vacancy concentration (8.7%) exhibits high light‐absorption and good charge‐separation capabilities. After deposition of FeOOH/NiOOH oxygen evolution cocatalysts on its surface, this photoanode shows a remarkable photocurrent density of 7.32 mA cm−2 at a potential of 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode under AM1.5G simulated sunlight. Moreover, a tandem device constructed with a perovskite solar cell exhibits an operating photocurrent density of 6.84 mA cm−2 and stable gas production with an average solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of 7.92% for 100 h, thus functioning as an outstanding unbiased water‐splitting system.
Identification of kinetic models of methanol oxidation on silver in the presence of uncertain catalyst behavior
Authors: Quaglio Marco , Bezzo Fabrizio , Gavriilidis Asterios , Cao Enhong , Al‐Rifai Noor , Galvanin Federico 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCatalytic oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde is an important industrial process due to the value of formaldehyde either as a final product or as a precursor of numerous chemicals. The study of kinetics in this system is hindered by sources of uncertainty that are inherently associated to the nature and state of the catalyst (e.g., uncertain reactivity level, deactivation phenomena), the measurement system and the structure of the kinetic model equations. In this work, a simplified kinetic model is identified from data collected from continuous flow microreactor systems where catalysts with assorted levels of reactivity are employed. Tailored model‐based data mining methods are proposed and applied for the effective estimation of the kinetic parameters and for identifying robust experimental conditions to be exploited for the kinetic characterization of catalysts with different reactivity, whose kinetic behavior is yet to be investigated.
Clinical outcomes with unfractionated heparin monitored by anti‐factor Xa vs. activated partial Thromboplastin time
Authors: Coons James C. , Iasella Carlo J. , Thornberg Megan , Fitzmaurice Mary Grace , Goehring Kimberly , Jablonski Lindsay , Leader Dominic , Meyer Abby , Seo Hangil , Benedict Neal J. , Smith Roy E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnti‐factor Xa (anti‐Xa) monitoring of unfractionated heparin (UFH) is associated with less time to achieve therapeutic anticoagulation compared to the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). However, it is unknown whether clinical outcomes differ between these methods of monitoring. The aim of this research was to compare the rate of venous thrombosis and bleeding events in patients that received UFH monitored by anti‐Xa compared to the aPTT. A retrospective review of electronic health records identified adult patients that received UFH given intravenously (IV) for ≥2 days, with either anti‐Xa or aPTT monitoring at an academic tertiary care hospital. This was a pre/post study design conducted between January 1 to December 30, 2014 (aPTT), and January 1 to December 30, 2016 (anti‐Xa). All UFH adjustments were based on institutional nomograms. The primary outcome was venous thrombosis and the secondary outcome was bleeding, both of which occurred between UFH administration and discharge from the index hospitalization. A total of 2500 patients were in the anti‐Xa group and 2847 patients aPTT group. Venous thrombosis occurred in 10.2% vs 10.8% of patients in the anti‐Xa and aPTT groups, respectively (P = .49). Bleeding occurred in 33.7% vs 33.6% of patients in the anti‐Xa and aPTT groups, respectively (P = .94). Anti‐Xa monitoring was not an independent predictor of either outcome in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Our study found no difference in clinical outcomes between anti‐Xa and aPTT‐based monitoring of UFH IV.
Evolution of Nucleic‐Acid‐Based Constitutional Dynamic Networks Revealing Adaptive and Emergent Functions
Authors: Yue Liang , Wulf Verena , Wang Shan , Willner Itamar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe evolution of networks is a fundamental unresolved issue in developing the area of systems chemistry. We introduce a versatile rewiring mechanism that leads to the emergence of nucleic‐acid‐based constitutional dynamic networks (CDNs). A two‐component constituent AA′ functionalized with a Mg2+‐ion‐dependent DNAzyme activator unit forms a complex with an intact hairpin HBB′ composed of B and B′ sequences. Cleavage of HBB′ leads to the two‐component constituent BB′, and its rewiring with AA′ yields CDN X composed of the equilibrated constituents AA′, AB′, BA′, and BB′. In analogy, subjecting AA′ to an intact hairpin HCC′ leads to the formation of CDN Y consisting of AA′, AC′, CA′, and CC′. Subjecting AA′ to the mixture of HBB′ and HCC′ evolves the [3×3] CDN Z, composed of nine constituents, thus demonstrating hierarchical adaptive properties. Furthermore, the DNAzyme units associated with the constituents are applied to tailor emerging catalytic functions from the different CDNs.
Co‐Assembled Supramolecular Nanostructure of Platinum(II) Complex through Helical Ribbon to Helical Tubes with Helical Inversion
Authors: Kim Ka Young , Kim Jaehyeong , Moon Cheol Joo , Liu Jinying , Lee Shim Sung , Choi Myong Yong , Feng Chuanliang , Jung Jong Hwa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe demonstrated the morphology transformation of co‐assemblies based on terpyridine‐based ligands (1R and 1S) possessing R‐ or S‐alanine analogues and their platinum(II) complex (2R‐Pt and 2S‐Pt). The right‐handed helical ribbon of the co‐assembly formed with 0.5 equivalents of 2R‐Pt to 1R was converted into the left‐handed helical ribbon with 0.6 equivalents of 2R‐Pt. The left‐handed helical ribbon structure of the co‐assembly became a tubular structure in the presence of 0.8–1.0 equivalents of 2R‐Pt. The morphology transformation via helical inversion at the supramolecular level was due to an orientation change of the amide groups caused by non‐covalent Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt interactions between the terpyridine of 2R‐Pt and that of 2R‐Pt. This study provides insights into controlling the morphology of the transformation of helical ribbons into tubular structures through helicity inversion in co‐assembled supramolecular nanostructures based on platinum(II) complexes.
Alternating Radical Stabilities: A Convergent Route to Terminal and Internal Boronates
Authors: Huang Qi , Michalland Jean , Zard Samir Z. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPinacolato boronates (Bpin) with an empty p‐orbital on boron stabilize an adjacent carbon radical, in contrast to diethanolamino boronates [B(DEA)] where the boron is sp3‐hybridized. By alternately placing a pinacol or diethanolamine moiety on the boron atom, thus stabilizing or not stabilizing the corresponding adjacent radical, it is possible to control the behavior of α‐boronyl xanthates and construct a large variety of terminal or internal boronates in a modular fashion. The remarkable tolerance of polar groups and the ability to introduce quaternary centers are particularly noteworthy features of this process.
Defluorosilylation of Industrially Relevant Fluoroolefins Using Nucleophilic Silicon Reagents
Authors: Coates Greg , Tan Hui Yee , Kalff Carolin , White Andrew J. P. , Crimmin Mark R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA number of new magnesium and lithium silyl reagents were prepared and shown to be outstanding nucleophiles in reactions with industrially relevant fluoroolefins. These reactions result in a net transformation of either sp2 or sp3 C−F bonds into C−Si bonds by two modes of nucleophilic attack (SNV or SN2′). The methods are mild, proceeding with high chemo‐ and regioselectivity. Mechanistic pathways are described that lead to new substitution patterns from HFO‐1234yf, HFO‐1234ze, and HFO‐1336mzz, previously inaccessible by transition metal catalyzed difluorosilylation routes.
Pre‐oxidation of Gold Nanoclusters Results in a 66 % Anodic Electrochemiluminescence Yield and Drives Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Peng Huaping , Huang Zhongnan , Sheng Yilun , Zhang Xiangping , Deng Haohua , Chen Wei , Liu Juewen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are attractive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters because of their excellent stability, near IR emission, and biocompatibility. However, their ECL quantum yield is relatively low, and our limited fundamental understanding has hindered rational improvement of this parameter. Herein, we report drastic enhancement of the ECL of ligand‐stabilized AuNCs by on‐electrode pre‐oxidation with triethylamine (TEA) as a co‐reactant. The l‐methionine‐stabilized AuNCs resulted in a record high ECL yield of 66 %. This strategy was successfully extended to other AuNCs, and it is more effective for ligand shells that allow more effective electron transfer. In addition, excitation of the pre‐oxidized ECL required a lower potential than conventional methods, and no additional instrument was required. This work opens avenues for solving a challenging problem of AuNC‐based ECL probes and enriches fundamental understanding, greatly broadening their potential applications.
Making JP‐10 Superfuel Affordable with a Lignocellulosic Platform Compound
Authors: Li Guangyi , Hou Baolin , Wang Aiqin , Xin Xuliang , Cong Yu , Wang Xiaodong , Li Ning , Zhang Tao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of renewable jet fuel from lignocellulosic platform compounds has drawn a lot of attention in recent years. So far, most work has concentrated on the production of conventional jet fuels. JP‐10 is an advanced jet fuel currently obtained from fossil energy. Due to its excellent properties, JP‐10 has been widely used in military aircraft. However, the high price and low availability limit its application in civil aviation. Here, we report a new strategy for the synthesis of bio‐JP‐10 fuel from furfuryl alcohol that is produced on an industrial scale from agricultural and forestry residues. Under the optimized conditions, bio‐JP‐10 fuel was produced with high overall carbon yields (≈65 %). A preliminary economic analysis indicates that the price of bio‐JP‐10 fuel can be greatly decreased from ≈7091 US$/ton (by fossil route) to less than 5600 US$/ton using our new strategy. This work makes the practical application of bio‐JP‐10 fuel forseeable.
Sesquiterpene Cyclizations inside the Hexameric Resorcinarene Capsule: Total Synthesis of δ‐Selinene and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Zhang Qi , Tiefenbacher Konrad 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of terpene natural products remains a challenging task due to the enormous structural diversity in this class of compounds. Synthetic catalysts are unable to reproduce the tail‐to‐head terpene cyclization of cyclase enzymes, which create this diversity from just a few simple linear terpene substrates. Recently, supramolecular structures have emerged as promising enzyme mimetics. In the present study, the hexameric resorcinarene capsule was utilized as an artificial cyclase to catalyze the cyclization of sesquiterpenes. With the cyclization reaction as the key step, the first total synthesis of the sesquiterpene natural product δ‐selinene was achieved. This represents the first total synthesis of a sesquiterpene natural product that is based on the cyclization of a linear terpene precursor inside a supramolecular catalyst. To elucidate the reaction mechanism, detailed kinetic studies and kinetic isotope measurements were performed. Surprisingly, the obtained kinetic data indicated that a rate‐limiting encapsulation step is operational in the cyclization of sesquiterpenes.
Degradation and bioavailability of dried alginate hydrocolloid capsules in simulated soil system
Authors: Achmon Yigal , Dowdy F. Ryan , Simmons Christopher W. , Zohar‐Perez Cheinat , Rabinovitz Zahi , Nussinovitch Amos 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTHydrocolloid capsules are common chemical carriers used in many types of applications in foods, biotechnology, and agriculture. Alginate microbeads and macrobeads are some of the more prevalent types of hydrocolloid capsules. Most studies to date have focused on alginate carrier applications but only a few have looked at their bioavailability after use. In this study, alginate carriers were subjected to simulated field conditions and their biodegradation in the soil was evaluated by respiration measurements, visualization, and volatile solids reduction. Using respiration rate, the degradation rate was calculated at 32 ± 3.1% (w/w) after 2 months. The visually estimated volume and volatile solids reduction gave degradation rates of 40 ± 8.6% (v/v) and 22.5 ± 2.5% (w/w), respectively. Moreover, water‐loss calculations suggested that the carriers can serve as a stand‐alone soil amendment for water retention. These findings emphasize the importance of studying hydrocolloid bioavailability in the soil and alginate carrier suitability for future applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48142.
Robust control of connected vehicles via V2V communication
Authors: Shafiei Shahriyar , Kamalirad Amir M. , Taghavipour Amir 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper introduces a robust controller for connected vehicles which are communicating through dedicated short‐range communication (DSRC) protocol to avoid collision and improve safety. By a comprehensive analysis on both longitudinal and lateral dynamics of the vehicles, the controller covers a wide range of collision avoidance scenarios, such as: Intersection Movement Assistant (IMA), Automatic Emergency Brake (AEB) and Lane Change Warning (LCW). By implementing an advanced Sliding Mode Controller (SMC), the effect of uncertainties will be mitigated for a variety of path plans. It turns out that the proposed control scheme can robustly improve the safety. Finally, we optimize the performance of vehicles in tracking the paths by an MPC controller.
Detection of synergistic effect of superoxide dismutase and jujubosides on scavenging superoxide anion radical by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Wu Chuan‐Qin , Chen Guan‐Hua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA new capillary electrophoresis method was developed to study the synergistic effect of superoxide dismutase and jujuboside A or B on scavenging superoxide anion radical in serum matrix respectively, in which superoxide anion radical was generated from pyrogallol autoxidation. The electrophoresis conditions, and the factors affecting the productive rate of purpurogallin, such as pyrogallol autoxidation product and the activity of superoxide dismutase, were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the content of superoxide dismutase in Gibco newborn calf serum was 7.06 mg/L, RSD was 2.01% and the average recovery was 98.4%. The values of IC50 for jujuboside A and B in the serum matrix were 157.67 and 31.60 mg/L respectively, and they both had synergy on scavenging superoxide anion radical with superoxide dismutase, but there was no the dose‐dependency on this synergy.
Going green, going clean: Lean‐green sustainability strategy and firm growth
Authors: Lartey Theophilus , Yirenkyi Diana Owusu , Adomako Samuel , Danso Albert , Amankwah‐Amoah Joseph , Alam Ashraful 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDespite the widespread recognition of the paybacks of “going green” and “going clean,” limited research has focused on the impact of lean‐green strategy on firm growth. In this study, we contribute to strategy and environmental sustainability literatures by investigating the possibility that the influence on lean‐green strategy and firm growth is driven by different levels of industry competition, managerial power, and family ties. Using panel data from 732 firms in four major industrialized economies (the United States, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom), we found that lean‐green strategy positively relates to firm growth and this relationship is amplified at higher levels of competition, managerial power, and family ties. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are also discussed.
A reflective practicum for transforming instructor's industrial skills into the teaching of radio frequency techniques and systems
Authors: Al‐Rizzo Hussain M. , Yahya Samer , Tariq Sulaiman , Hasan Mohammed Zaki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractContemporary electromagnetic computer‐aided design tools augmented with parametric and optimization capabilities are extensively used in industry for design, validation, and prototyping to reduce time‐to‐market, resources, cost, and risks associated with the development of new radio frequency (RF) circuits and systems. Unfortunately, this technology still remains largely underutilized in undergraduate systems engineering education. This paper describes an approach for stimulating the analysis and design learning experience of undergraduate systems engineering students by engaging them in the cooperative, experiential, simulation‐assisted teaching, and research activities utilizing project‐based pedagogy. A case study is chosen in the realm of microwave‐assisted material processing, which is not typically covered in undergraduate engineering curricula. The objective is to further increase students’ interest in electromagnetic and RF systems by providing a well‐rounded learning experience to break the monotony often encountered in the heavily theoretical and abstract topics involved with a minimum of complex analytical formulations, reinforce fundamental principles and mathematical analyses offered in the class, foster students’ motivation and enthusiasm, reflect on today's technological advancement in industry, and stimulate early participation of undergraduate students in open‐ended research problems.
Cascaded network with deep intensity manipulation for scene understanding
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Haoran , Chen Shaozhe , Piao Xinglin , Zhou Dongsheng , Zhang Qiang , Yin Baocai , Wei Xiaopeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractScene understanding is essential to robotic navigation and autonomous driving as it provides semantic information to their controlling system. However, it will fail when processing low‐light images/videos captured under adverse weather or at night use state‐of‐the‐art scene understanding methods. A naive way to directly infer semantics from low‐light images is ill posed because the low‐light condition distorts pixel intensities and buries details. In order to address this problem, we propose the Deep Intensity Manipulation Network (DIMNet), which could relight the input images and recover the details, and combine the DIMNet with a scene understanding network to get a cascaded network to learn the semantics from low‐light images. Through learning pixel intensity manipulation, our method can generate images not only visually pleasing but also practical for scene understanding. Qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and robust for both synthetic and real‐world images.
In‐Cell EPR: Progress towards Structural Studies Inside Cells
Authors: Bonucci Alessio , Ouari Olivier , Guigliarelli Bruno , Belle Valérie , Mileo Elisabetta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractExploring the structure and dynamics of biomolecules in the context of their intracellular environment has become the ultimate challenge for structural biology. As the cellular environment is barely reproducible in vitro, investigation of biomolecules directly inside cells has attracted a growing interest. Among magnetic resonance approaches, site‐directed spin labeling (SDSL) coupled to electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy provides competitive and advantageous features to capture protein structure and dynamics inside cells. To date, several in‐cell EPR approaches have been successfully applied to both bacterial and eukaryotic cells. In this review, the major advances of in‐cell EPR spectroscopy are summarized, as well as the challenges this approach still poses.
Deep Insight into Electrochemical Kinetics of Cowpea‐Like Li3VO4@C Nanowires as High‐Rate Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Min , Xiong Jian , Geng Hongbo , Zhang Yufei , Li Cheng Chao , Zhao Jinbao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOwing to the high theoretical capacity (394 mAh g−1) and appropriate lithiation voltage (0.5–1.0 V vs Li+/Li), Li3VO4 is highly regarded as an attractive anode candidate for high‐safety lithium‐ion batteries. However, its high‐rate performance is seriously restricted by the sluggish electrode kinetics. To address these problems, we synthesize cowpea‐like Li3VO4@C nanowires through a facile electrospinning method. In this well‐designed structure, Li3VO4 nanocrystals are uniformly encapsulated in conductive carbon nanofibers just like peas in their pods. The 1D morphology with high electronic conductivity can afford high Li+ ions diffusion rate and fast surface charge storage mechanism, leading to significantly enhanced electrochemical kinetics. Even after 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1, the reversible capacity of cowpea‐like Li3VO4@C nanowires can be maintained at 318.0 mAh g−1 without obvious capacity decay.