bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatic harmony in architecture and the Munsell color system
Authors: Cesar João Carlos de Oliveira 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPraia Grande and Mongaguá present an architecture with a chromatic approach outside the standards usually found in Brazilian coastal cities, and were the basis of this study on harmony and the use of the System developed by A. H. Munsell, in chromatic specification in architectural project. The text also makes a brief comparison of how the color was used in order to value the architectural elements in their three‐dimensional relation with light.
Measurement of Very Fast Exchange Rates of Individual Amide Protons in Proteins by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Dass Rupashree , Corlianò Enrico , Mulder Frans A. A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNMR spectroscopy is a pivotal technique to measure hydrogen exchange rates in proteins. However, currently available NMR methods to measure backbone exchange are limited to rates of up to a few per second. To raise this limit, we have developed an approach that is capable of measuring proton exchange rates up to approximately 104 s−1. Our method relies on the detection of signal loss due to the decorrelation of antiphase operators 2NxHz by exchange events that occur during a series of pi pulses on the 15N channel. In practice, signal attenuation was monitored in a series of 2D H(CACO)N spectra, recorded with varying pi‐pulse spacing, and the exchange rate was obtained by numerical fitting to the evolution of the density matrix. The method was applied to the small calcium‐binding protein Calbindin D9k, where exchange rates up to 600 s−1 were measured for amides, where no signal was detectable in 15N−1H HSQC spectra. A temperature variation study allowed us to determine apparent activation energies in the range 47–69 kJ mol−1 for these fast exchanging amide protons, consistent with hydroxide‐catalyzed exchange.
How to achieve sustainability?—Employee's point of view on company's culture and CSR practice
Authors: Kucharska Wioleta , Kowalczyk Rafał 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe people are the company. This study aims to examine the structure of relationships between company culture, performance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and reputation, as seen from the employee's perspective, to determine which company culture factors most influence CSR practice and, as a result, sustain a company's development and improve its performance. To accomplish this goal, we conducted a survey among employees of Polish construction companies regarding CSR practices in their organizations. We applied a structural equation model based on 539 individual cases. For a better understanding of the employee's perception of CSR practice, the model included control variables such as company size and position in the company. Our findings suggest that company reputation is a strong mediator of the CSR practice and company performance relationship, and the cultural dimension of long‐term orientation has the greatest influence on CSR practice. The study advances the knowledge on the subject using a microlevel approach to stakeholders' engagement in CSR by exploring the personalized employee‐centric view of organizational culture, CSR practice, and company reputation to sustain a company's development and improve its performance.
Sustainable development and corporate governance in the financial system: Are environmentally friendly banks less risky?
Authors: Gangi Francesco , Meles Antonio , D'Angelo Eugenio , Daniele Lucia Michela 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper responds to the need for a deeper empirical investigation of the impact of corporate social responsibility pillars on the financial performance of banks. To address this question, this study first analyzes the factors that encourage banks to be more environmentally friendly and then investigates the relationship between a bank's environmental engagement and its risk. Using a sample of 142 banks from 35 countries covering the period from 2011 to 2015, we document the positive impact of effective corporate governance mechanisms on banks' environmental engagement. Moreover, by using the Heckman's two‐stage model for the treatment of sample selection bias, we find that banks that are more sensitive to environmental issues also exhibit less risk. Stakeholder theory and the conflict resolution hypothesis are useful frameworks to overcome the trade‐off between economy and ecology in the banking industry.
Doping control analysis of four JWH‐250 metabolites in equine urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: You Youwen , Proctor Rachel M. , Vasilko Eric D. , Robinson Mary A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractJWH‐250 is a synthetic cannabinoid. Its use is prohibited in equine sport according to the Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI) and the Fédération Équestre Internationale (FEI). A doping control method to confirm the presence of four JWH‐250 metabolites (JWH‐250 4‐OH‐pentyl, JWH‐250 5‐OH‐pentyl, JWH‐250 5‐OH‐indole, and JWH‐250 N‐pentanoic acid) in equine urine was developed and validated. Urine samples were treated with acetonitrile and evaporated to concentrate the analytes prior to the analysis by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The chromatographic separation was carried out using a Phenomenex Lux® 3 μm AMP column (150 x 3.0 mm). A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used for detection of the analytes in positive mode electrospray ionization using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The limits of detection, quantification, and confirmation for these metabolites were 25, 50, and 50 pg/mL, respectively. The linear dynamic range of quantification was 50–10000 pg/mL. Enzymatic hydrolysis indicated that JWH‐250 4‐OH‐pentyl, JWH‐250 5‐OH‐pentyl, and JWH‐250 5‐OH indole are highly conjugated whereas JWH‐250 N‐pentanoic acid is not conjugated. Relative retention time and product ion intensity ratios were employed as the criteria to confirm the presence of these metabolites in equine urine. The method was successfully applied to post‐race urine samples collected from horses suspected of being exposed to JWH‐250. All four JWH‐250 metabolites were confirmed in these samples, demonstrating the method applicability for equine doping control analysis.
Sensitive Voltammetric Determination of Bisphenol A Based on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Copper Oxide‐Zinc Oxide Decorated on Graphene Oxide
Authors: Ulubay Karabiberoğlu Şükriye 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA highly sensitive and selective chemical sensor was prepared based on metallic copper‐copper oxides and zinc oxide decorated graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (Cu−Zn/GO/GCE) through an easily electrochemical method for the quantification of bisphenol A (BPA). The composite electrode was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical behavior of BPA in Britton‐Robinson (BR) buffer solution (pH 7.1) was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Under optimized conditions, the square wave voltammetry (SWV) response of Cu−Zn/GO/GCE towards BPA indicates two linear relationships within concentrations (3.0 nmol L−1−0.1 μmol L−1 and 0.35 μmol L−1−20.0 μmol L−) and has a low detection limit (0.88 nmol L−1). The proposed electrochemical sensor based on Cu−Zn/GO/GCE is both time and cost effective, has good reproducibility, high selectivity as well as stability for BPA determination. The developed composite electrode was used to detect BPA in various samples including baby feeding bottle, pacifier, water bottle and food storage container and satisfactory results were obtained with high recoveries.
Identification and monitoring of atypical PML/RARA fusion transcripts in acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Iaccarino Licia , Divona Mariadomenica , Ottone Tiziana , Cicconi Laura , Lavorgna Serena , Ciardi Claudia , Alfonso Valentina , Travaglini Serena , Facchini Luca , Cimino Giuseppe , Di Bona Eros , Voso Maria Teresa , Lo‐Coco Francesco 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOnce the diagnostic suspicion of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been raised, international guidelines recommend prompt initiation of tailored therapy and supportive care, while awaiting for genetic confirmation of the diagnosis, and the identification of the specific PML/RARA isoform by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Depending on the PML break point, usually located within intron 6, exon 6, or intron 3, different PML/RARA transcript isoforms may be generated, that is, long (bcr1), variant (bcr2), and short (bcr3), respectively. We report here the characterization of three APL cases harboring atypical PML/RARA transcripts, which were not clearly detectable after standard RT‐PCR amplification. In all three cases, clinical, morphological, and immunophenotypic features were consistent with APL. Direct sequencing allowed the identification of atypical break points within the PML and RARA genes. Then, we designed a patient‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR for the atypical transcripts, which allowed for specific quantitative evaluation of minimal residual disease (MRD) during follow‐up. Despite the rarity of APL cases with an atypical PML/RARA fusion, our study indicates that an integrated laboratory approach, employing several diagnostic techniques is crucial to timely diagnose APL. This approach allows prompt initiation of specific targeted treatment and reliable MRD monitoring in atypical APL cases.
A neural microcircuit model for a scalable scale‐invariant representation of time
Authors: Liu Yue , Tiganj Zoran , Hasselmo Michael E. , Howard Marc W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractScale‐invariant timing has been observed in a wide range of behavioral experiments. The firing properties of recently described time cells provide a possible neural substrate for scale‐invariant behavior. Earlier neural circuit models do not produce scale‐invariant neural sequences. In this article, we present a biologically detailed network model based on an earlier mathematical algorithm. The simulations incorporate exponentially decaying persistent firing maintained by the calcium‐activated nonspecific (CAN) cationic current and a network structure given by the inverse Laplace transform to generate time cells with scale‐invariant firing rates. This model provides the first biologically detailed neural circuit for generating scale‐invariant time cells. The circuit that implements the inverse Laplace transform merely consists of off‐center/on‐surround receptive fields. Critically, rescaling temporal sequences can be accomplished simply via cortical gain control (changing the slope of the f–I curve).
Absence of an early hippocampal encoding signal after medial temporal lesions: No consequence for the spacing effect
Authors: Tautvydaitė Domilė , Manuel Aurélie L. , Nahum Louis , Adam‐Darqué Alexandra , Ptak Radek , Schnider Armin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractImmediately repeated meaningful pictures in a continuous recognition task induce a positive frontal potential at about 200–300 ms, which appears to emanate from the medial temporal lobe (MTL) centered on the hippocampus, as concluded from inverse solutions, coherence measurements, and depth electrode recordings in humans. In this study, we tested patients with unilateral MTL lesions due to stroke to verify the provenance of this signal and its association with the spacing effect (SE)—the improved learning of material encountered in spaced rather than massed presentation. We found that unilateral left or right MTL lesions abolished the early frontal MTL‐mediated signal but not the spacing effect. We conclude that the SE does not depend on MTL integrity. We suggest that the early frontal signal at 200–300 ms after immediate picture repetition may serve as a direct biomarker of MTL integrity that may be useful in the early stages of diseases like Alzheimer's.
Strontium‐substituted hydroxyapatite stimulates osteogenesis on poly(propylene fumarate) nanocomposite scaffolds
Authors: Li Jingfeng , Liu Xifeng , Park Sungjo , Miller A. Lee , Terzic Andre , Lu Lichun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIncorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) into polymer networks is a promising strategy to enhance the mechanical properties and osteoinductivity of the composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this study, we designed a group of nanocomposite scaffolds based on cross‐linkable poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and 30 wt % strontium‐hydroxyapatite (Sr‐HA) nanoparticles. Four different Sr contents [Sr:(Sr + Ca), molar ratio] in the Sr‐HA particles were studied: 0% (HA), 5% (Sr5‐HA), 10% (Sr10‐HA), and 20% (Sr20‐HA). Two‐dimensional (2D) disks were prepared using a thermal crosslinking method. The structure and surface morphology of different Sr‐HA and PPF/Sr‐HA composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). To detect cellular responses in vitro, MC3T3‐E1 cells were seeded and cultured on the different PPF/Sr‐HA composite disks. Cell morphology after 24 h and 5 days were imaged using Live/Dead live cell staining and SEM, respectively. Cell proliferation was quantified using an MTS assay at 1, 4, and 7 days. Osteogenic differentiation of the cells was examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining at 10 days and quantified using ALP activity and osteocalcin assays at 7, 14, and 21 days. The sizes of the HA, Sr5‐HA, Sr10‐HA, and Sr20‐HA particles were mainly between 10 × 20 nm and 10 × 250 nm, and these nanoparticles were dispersed or clustered in the composite scaffolds. in vitro cell studies showed that the PPF/Sr10‐HA scaffold was significantly better than the other three groups (PPF/HA, PPF/Sr5‐HA, and PPF/Sr20‐HA) in supporting MC3T3‐E1 cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. PPF/Sr10‐HA may, therefore, serve as a promising scaffold material for bone tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 631–642, 2019.
Retracted: miR‐150 might inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis by targeting LMO4 in Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Wei Yanshuan , Zhou Jun , Wang Guannan , Xiao Lin , Xu Jingjing , Wei Na , Li Wencai , Zhang Mingzhi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study aimed at investigating the effect of microRNA‐150 (miR‐150) on cell proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma and its molecular mechanism. Gene expression analysis was applied to identify target genes of miR‐150 in Burkitt lymphoma cell line ST486 based on the dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE86432. miRNA mimics, inhibitor and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were fluorescently labeled by Cy3, whereas plasmid vector was labeled by EGFP. Cells were viewed by ﬂuorescence microscope and transfection efficiency was evaluated through fluorescent cell percentage. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT‐PCR) and western blot were applied to detect the expression level of miR‐150 and LMO4. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were explored by CCK‐8, flow cytometry. Targeting relationship was validated by the Luciferase reporter assay. Tumor xenograft and immunohistochemical analysis were conducted in nude mice model. In Burkitt lymphoma cells, miR‐150 expression was significantly lower than normal ones, whereas the expression of
LMO4 was upregulated. miR‐150 might inhibit cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma deterioration by downregulating
LMO4. The results of tumor xenograft further confirmed the role of miR‐150 in Burkitt lymphoma. Targeting
LMO4 is a significant mechanism by which miR‐150 suppresses cell growth and promotes apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma cells, thus may provide a novel target for Burkitt lymphoma therapy in the future.
Sewing up the wounds : The epithelial morphogenesis as a central mechanism of calcaronean sponge regeneration
Authors: Lavrov Andrey I. , Bolshakov Fyodor V. , Tokina Daria B. , Ereskovsky Alexander V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSponges (Porifera) demonstrate prominent regeneration abilities and possess a wide variety of mechanisms, used during this process. In the current study, we combined in vivo observations with histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural technics to elucidate the fine cellular mechanisms of the regeneration in the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia cf. variabilis. The regeneration of Leucosolenia cf. variabilis ends within 4–6 days. The crucial step of the process is the formation of the transient regenerative membrane, formed by the epithelial morphogenesis—spreading of the intact exopinacoderm and choanoderm. The spreading of the choanoderm is accompanied by the transdifferentiation of the choanocytes. The regenerative membrane develops without any contribution of the mesohyl cells. Subsequently, the membrane gradually transforms into the body wall. The cell proliferation is neither affected nor contributes to the regeneration at any stage. Thus, Leucosolenia cf. variabilis regeneration relies on the remodeling of the intact tissues through the epithelial morphogenesis, accompanied by the transdifferentiation of some differentiated cell types, which makes it similar to the regeneration in homoscleromorphs and eumetazoans.
Noninvasive cardiac arrhythmia ablation with particle beams
Authors: Graeff Christian , Bert Christoph 
Published: November 2018

Cardiac arrhythmias are a major health burden, associated with reduced quality of life and substantial morbidity and mortality. Current therapy includes moderately effective medication and catheter‐based ablation of arrhythmogenic substrates in the heart. Catheter interventions frequently have to be repeated due to recurrent arrhythmia, can have rare but severe side‐effects and are less suited especially for potentially lethal left ventricular tachycardia. Noninvasive alternatives are therefore warranted. Photon and ion beam radiotherapy has been studied in animal models and first patient cases have been reported using photons. Ion beams might offer the possibility to greatly reduce dose to surrounding healthy tissue, including critical cardiac substructures.Based on a recently conducted animal study, we report advantages and disadvantages of 4D‐ion beam therapy, and strategies necessary for a clinical transition. Motion management of both respiration and heartbeat are discussed, as well as range uncertainty resulting from both regular motion and interfractional anatomic changes. Image guidance both in 3D and 4D has to be employed for a safe irradiation, but also population‐based data on motion variability and time behavior of interfractional changes are necessary. Range verification could play a crucial role at least during development of clinical protocols.For clinical realization, it appears necessary to suppress or conformally mitigate the large respiratory motion to avoid normal tissue complications. Cardiac motion has to be incorporated into treatment planning, either through adequate range‐considering internal margins or through more conformal strategies such as ECG‐based gating or even 4D‐optimization. The latter strategies would necessitate online 4D image guidance.
Radiogenomics
Authors: Story Michael D. , Durante Marco 
Published: November 2018

PurposeRadiogenomics is the study of genomic changes that underlie the radioresponse of normal and tumor tissues. And while this is generally regarded as a whole genome approach, one must keep in mind the impact of single gene biology on radioresponse, (ataxia telangiectasia, Nijmegen breakage syndrome).MethodsThis review begins with the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the DNA with adverse normal tissue events to the prediction of therapeutic outcome after radiotherapy. From there it covers transcriptome (protein coding RNA transcripts) analysis, which is where the greatest understanding of the molecular signaling responsible for the radioresponse of tumors and normal tissues is known. Non‐protein coding RNA transcripts (miRNA, lncRNA), transcribed from what was once thought of as junk DNA, are now known to be negative regulators of the transcription of mRNA by multiple mechanisms. miRNA can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes regulating a diverse range of cellular processes that drive radioresponse and biosignatures that predict outcome after radiotherapy are described.ResultsBiological signatures that explain differences in radioresponse based upon cell type, biological signatures that predict surviving fraction at 2 Gy and signatures that identify hypoxia have been described. The omics analysis of the response of mammalian cells to charged particle, predominantly proton and carbon ions, is less mature than that seen with low LET radiation exposures. However, there appear to be responses after charged particle exposure that parallel the responses seem with low LET exposures. This commonality of response is centered around the downstream signaling of p53. There are also novel omics responses to charged particles that help explain the response of tumors to charged particle exposures. For instance, signaling pathways associated with angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, migration and invasion appear to be downregulated in a number of cell types when exposed to charged particles. This response supports both in vitro and in vivo data suggesting that tumors exposed to charged particles are less invasive, unlike the response of tumors to low LET exposures. Profoundly lacking for low LET and charged particle exposures are predictive or prognostic signatures of radioresponse or tumor physiology affecting radioresponse that have been validated in prospective clinical trials. For example, the identification of low LET tumor radioresistance could be used as a marker of patient eligibility for carbon therapy. Tissue specific signatures, or accurate imaging of hypoxic regions, could be used for charged particle selection to overcome hypoxia per se, or could be used to prescribe a high LET therapeutic boost to a hypoxic region of a tumor.ConclusionsIntegrating radiogenomics into radiation oncology has the potential to personalize an already precise form of cancer therapy.