bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the prognostic value of ventilatory efficiency and age in patients with heart failure
Authors: Kato Yuko , Suzuki Shinya , Uejima Tokuhisa , Semba Hiroaki , Nagayama Osamu , Hayama Etsuko , Arita Takuto , Yagi Naoharu , Kano Hiroto , Matsuno Shunsuke , Otsuka Takayuki , Oikawa Yuji , Kunihara Takashi , Yajima Junji , Yamashita Takeshi 
Published: February 2018

Background Ventilatory efficiency decreases with age. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance and cut-off value of the minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) slope according to age in patients with heart failure. Methods and results We analysed 1501 patients with heart failure from our observational cohort who performed maximal symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing and separated them into three age groups (≤55 years, 56–70 years and ≥71 years) in total and according to the three ejection fraction categories defined by European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The endpoint was set as heart failure events, hospitalisation for heart failure or death from heart failure. The VE/VCO2 slope increased with age. During the median follow-up period of 4 years, 141 heart failure (9%) events occurred. In total, univariate Cox analyses showed that the VE/VCO2 slope (cont.) was significantly related to heart failure events, while on multivariate analysis, the prognostic significance of the VE/VCO2 slope (cont.) was poor, accompanied by a significant interaction with age ( P < 0.0001). The cut-off value of the VE/VCO2 slope increased with the increase in age in not only the total but also the sub-ejection fraction categories. Multivariate analyses with a stepwise method adjusted for estimated glomerular filtration rate, peak oxygen consumption, atrial fibrillation and brain natriuretic peptide, showed that the predictive value of the binary VE/VCO2 slope separated by the cut-off value varied according to age. There was a tendency for the prognostic significance to increase with age irrespective of ejection fraction. Conclusion The prognostic significance and cut-off value of the VE/VCO2 slope may increase with advancing age.
g(HbF): a genetic model of fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell disease
Authors: Gardner Kate , Fulford Tony , Silver Nicholas , Rooks Helen , Angelis Nikolaos , Allman Marlene , Nkya Siana , Makani Julie , Howard Jo , Kesse-Adu Rachel , Rees David C. , Stuart-Smith Sara , Yeghen Tullie , Awogbade Moji , Sangeda Raphael Z. , Mgaya Josephine , Patel Hamel , Newhouse Stephen , Menzel Stephan , Thein Swee Lay 
Published: February 2018

Key PointsThe 3 established HbF genetic loci can be summarized into 1 quantitative variable, g(HbF), in SCD and influence markers of SCD severity. g(HbF) provides a quantitative marker for the genetic component of HbF% variability, potentially useful in genetic and clinical studies in SCD.
Laryngeal recurrence sites in patients previously treated with transoral laser microsurgery for squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Horwich P. , Rigby M. H. , MacKay C. , Melong J. , Williams B. , Bullock M. , Hart R. , Trites J. , Taylor S. M. 
Published: February 2018

Background The laryngeal framework provides a natural barrier preventing tumour spread to extralaryngeal structures. Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) may violate these boundaries, altering the pathways of tumor spread for potential recurrences. Our project objective is to describe laryngeal SCC recurrence patterns and overall survival in patients requiring total laryngectomy (TL) after TLM. Methods Patients undergoing TLM for laryngeal SCC requiring salvage TL were identified from a prospective CO2 laser database containing all patients undergoing TLM for head and neck malignancies at the QEII Health Sciences Center in Halifax, Nova Scotia between March 2002 – May 2014. Surgical pathology reports were analyzed for tumor characteristics, extent of recurrence and invasion of local structures. Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to evaluate overall survival, disease specific survival (DSS) and locoregional control. Results Fifteen patients were identified from the database as receiving salvage TL for recurrent disease after initial TLM resection for laryngeal SCC. Final pathology reports demonstrated that 67% (10/15) of patients had thyroid cartilage involvement while 53% (9/15) of patients had cricoid cartilage involvement on salvage TL pathology. 33% (5/15) of patients had perineural invasion and 27% (4/15) had lymphovascular invasion. Mean and median follow-up times were 36.7 months and 26.8 months respectively (range 3.9–112.6). The Kaplan-Meier estimate for overall survival at 36 months was 40% post TL with a standard error (SE) of 13.6%. DSS was 47% (SE 14.2%), and locoregional control was 55% (SE 14.5%) post TL. Conclusions Laryngeal recurrence sites following TLM seem to be consistent with historical data at known laryngeal sites of vulnerability. Treatment with TLM does not predispose patients to a lower rate of locoregional control and overall survival after total laryngectomy and salvage outcomes are consistent with literature values.
Epidemiological, Clinical, and Histopathological Features of Breast Cancer in Haiti
Authors: DeGennaro Vincent , Jiwani Faiz , Patberg Elizabeth , Gibbs Martin , Libby Rachel , Gabriel Dieudina , Heldermon Coy D. , Daily Karen , Bernard Joseph 
Published: February 2018

Purpose Little is known about the epidemiology of breast cancer in developing countries, and Haiti has perhaps the least data of any country in the Western Hemisphere. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all patients enrolled in an ongoing breast cancer treatment program in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2017. Data were drawn from each patient's electronic medical record, paper chart, and biopsy results. Results The records of 525 women with breast cancer were reviewed for this study. The median age at presentation was 49 years (n = 507). The risk factors observed were as follows: postmenopausal, 50.8% (n = 354); nulliparity, 15.7% (n = 338); hormonal contraception use, 35.0% (n = 309); never breastfed, 20.6% (n = 316); family history of any cancer, 22.0% (n = 295); overweight, 51.5% (n = 332); and smoking, 5.0% (n = 338). Of all those staged, 83.9% (n = 447) of the patients presented with stage III/IV disease and more than half delayed care for > 12 months after first noticing a breast mass. For the subset of tumors for which estrogen receptor (ER; n = 245) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; n = 179) status was available, the prevalence of ER-positive tumors was 51.8%, of HER2-positive tumors was 19.6%, and of triple-negative tumors was 38.5%. The 12-month mortality rate (n = 425) was 18.4% overall and 27.5% for those who presented with stage IV disease. Median survival was not reached. Conclusion Breast cancer in Haiti presents at an early age and advanced stage. Triple-negative, ER-negative, and high-grade tumors are common. Delays in seeking care and incomplete treatment likely contribute to the high mortality rate; however, as in black women in the United States, the distribution of tumor types may contribute to disparate outcomes.
Electronic Medical Record–Based Radiation Oncology Toxicity Recording Instrument Aids Benchmarking and Quality Improvement in the Clinic
Authors: Albuquerque Kevin , Rodgers Kellie , Spangler Ann , Rahimi Asal , Willett DuWayne 
Published: February 2018

Purpose: The on-treatment visit (OTV) for radiation oncology is essential for patient management. Radiation toxicities recorded during the OTV may be inconsistent because of the use of free text and the lack of treatment site–specific templates. We developed a radiation oncology toxicity recording instrument (ROTOX) in a health system electronic medical record (EMR). Our aims were to assess improvement in documentation of toxicities and to develop clinic toxicity benchmarks. Methods: A ROTOX that was based on National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0) with flow-sheet functionality was developed in the EMR. Improvement in documentation was assessed at various time intervals. High-grade toxicities (ie, grade ≥ 3 by CTCAE) by site were audited to develop benchmarks and to track nursing and physician actions taken in response to these. Results: A random sample of OTV notes from each clinic physician before ROTOX implementation was reviewed and assigned a numerical document quality score (DQS) that was based on completeness and comprehensiveness of toxicity grading. The mean DQS improved from an initial level of 41% to 99% (of the maximum possible DQS) when resampled at 6 months post-ROTOX. This high-level DQS was maintained 3 years after ROTOX implementation at 96% of the maximum. For months 7 to 9 after implementation (during a 3-month period), toxicity grading was recorded in 4,443 OTVs for 698 unique patients; 107 episodes of high-grade toxicity were identified during this period, and toxicity-specific intervention was documented in 95%. Conclusion: An EMR-based ROTOX enables consistent recording of treatment toxicity. In a uniform sample of patients, local population toxicity benchmarks can be developed, and clinic response can be tracked.
Open Oncology Notes: A Qualitative Study of Oncology Patients’ Experiences Reading Their Cancer Care Notes
Authors: Kayastha Neha , Pollak Kathryn I. , LeBlanc Thomas W. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose: Electronic medical records increasingly allow patients access to clinician notes. Although most believe that open notes benefits patients, some suggest negative consequences. Little is known about the experiences of patients with cancer reading their medical notes; thus we aimed to describe this qualitatively. Methods: We interviewed 20 adults with metastatic or incurable cancer receiving cancer treatment. The semistructured qualitative interviews included four segments: assessing their overall experience reading notes, discussing how notes affected their cancer care experiences, reading a real note with the interviewer, and making suggestions for improvement. We used a constant comparison approach to analyze these qualitative data. Results: We found four themes. Patients reported that notes resulted in the following: (1) increased comprehension; (2) ameliorated uncertainty, relieved anxiety, and facilitated control; (3) increased trust; and (4) for a subset of patients, increased anxiety. Patients described increased comprehension because notes refreshed their memory and clarified their understanding of visits. This helped mitigate the unfamiliarity of cancer, addressing uncertainty and relieving anxiety. Notes facilitated control, empowering patients to ask clinicians more questions. The transparency of notes also increased trust in clinicians. For a subset of patients, however, notes were emotionally difficult to read and raised concerns. Patients identified medical jargon and repetition in notes as areas for improvement. Conclusion: Most patients thought that reading notes improved their care experiences. A small subset of patients experienced increased distress. As reading notes becomes a routine part of the patient experience, physicians might want to elicit and address concerns that arise from notes, thereby further engaging patients in their care.
Genetic Diagnostics for Neurologists
Authors: Silveira-Moriyama Laura , Paciorkowski Alex R. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article puts advances in the field of neurogenetics into context and provides a quick review of the broad concepts necessary for current practice in neurology.

RECENT FINDINGS
The exponential growth of genetic testing is due to its increased speed and decreasing cost, and it is now a routine part of the clinical care for a number of neurologic patients. In addition, phenotypic pleiotropy (mutations in the same gene causing very disparate phenotypes) and genetic heterogeneity (the same clinical phenotype resulting from mutations in different genes) are now known to exist in a number of conditions, adding an additional layer of complexity for genetic testing in these disorders.

SUMMARY
Although the growing complexity of technical knowledge in the ordering and interpretation of genetic tests makes it necessary for neurologists to consult medical geneticists, limitations in the availability of such professionals often means neurologists will be on the front line dealing with suspected or confirmed neurogenetic conditions. The growing availability of broad genetic testing through chromosomal microarray and next-generation sequencing and the expanded phenotypic spectrum of many conditions has implications for genetic counseling and medical management. This article discusses the various forms of genetic variability and how to test for each of them. It also provides an update on the most common forms of neurologic presentations of genetic disease and a review of testing strategies.
Evaluation and Acute Management of Ischemic Stroke in Infants and Children
Authors: Amlie-Lefond Catherine 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTPURPOSE OF REVIEWThis article provides an overview of stroke in neonates, infants, and children.RECENT FINDINGSArterial ischemic stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis are increasingly recognized in childhood as important causes of lifelong morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of arterial ischemic stroke is frequently delayed, as acute neurologic deficits can be challenging to detect in the young child, and stroke is often not considered in the differential diagnosis. Neurologic sequelae following stroke are common, and strategies to minimize stroke size and optimize recovery are being developed. Recurrent arterial ischemic stroke is not uncommon, particularly in children with cerebral arteriopathy. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis causes obstruction of venous outflow leading to venous infarcts. Complications include hemorrhagic conversion of infarcts and increased intracranial pressure. Without treatment, thrombus extension with increased symptoms is common. Robust guidelines of care that exist for adults do not exist for children, particularly for children with arterial ischemic stroke.SUMMARYThe approach to stroke in infants and children can be informed by clinical experience in pediatric stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, the extensive literature on pediatric thrombosis, and extrapolation from data from adult patients.
Neurologic Complications in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Wainwright Mark S. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
All critical care is directed at maintaining brain health, but recognizing neurologic complications of critical illness in children is difficult, and limited data exist to guide practice. This article discusses an approach to the recognition and management of seizures, stroke, and cardiac arrest as complications of other critical illnesses in the pediatric intensive care unit.

RECENT FINDINGS
Convulsive and nonconvulsive seizures occur frequently in children after cardiac arrest or traumatic brain injury and during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Seizures may add to neurologic morbidity, and continuous EEG monitoring is needed for up to 24 hours for detection. Hypothermia has not been shown to improve outcome after cardiac arrest in children, but targeted temperature management with controlled normothermia and prevention of fever is a mainstay of neuroprotection.

SUMMARY
Much of brain-directed pediatric critical care is empiric. Recognition of neurologic complications of critical illness requires multidisciplinary care, serial neurologic examinations, and an appreciation for the multiple risk factors for neurologic injury present in most patients in the pediatric intensive care unit. Through attention to the fundamentals of neuroprotection, including maintaining or restoring cerebral perfusion matched to the metabolic needs of the brain, combined with anticipatory planning, these complications can be prevented or the neurologic injury mitigated.
The delimitation and evolutionary history of the Australasian Lautusoid group of Senecio (Asteraceae: Senecioneae)
Authors: Liew Chia-Sin , Memory Andrew E. , Ortiz-Barrientos Daniel , Lange Peter J. de , Pelser Pieter B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSenecio (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) is one of the largest genera of flowering plants and its infrageneric delimitation has been impeded by its large size (> 1000 species), large morphological variation and widespread incongruence between phylogenies derived from different datasets. As part of efforts to improve our understanding of the evolutionary relationships among infrageneric Senecio groups, nuclear (nrITS, ETS) and plastid (psbA–trnH, trnL and trnL–F) DNA sequence data were used to study the delimitation of the Australasian Lautusoid group of Senecio. These data were also used to understand the evolutionary origins of polyploid species that have been placed in this informally recognized group. The results of our phylogenetic analyses indicate that Australasian Senecio compose four separate and distantly related lineages, which are here informally named the Disciform s.str., Lautusoid, Odoratus s.l., and Quadridentatus groups. A new delimitation of the Lautusoid group is presented that includes species previously placed in this group based on morphological similarities, as well as some that were previously assigned to other informally recognized Senecio groups. This brings the total number of confirmed members of the Lautusoid group to 15 species. Six allopolyploid species were identified that resulted from hybridization between members of the Lautusoid group and species of the three other Australasian Senecio lineages. Our findings indicate that hybridization has played an important role in the evolutionary diversification of Australasian Senecio and provide a framework for further studies into their evolutionary history.
Effects of Recommendation Neutrality and Sponsorship Disclosure on Trust vs. Distrust in Online Recommendation Agents: Moderating Role of Explanations for Organic Recommendations
Authors: Wang Weiquan , Xu Jingjun (David) , Wang May 
Published: February 2018

We extend the extant research on neutral recommendation agents (RAs) to those that lack recommendation neutrality and are biased toward sponsors. We first investigate the effects of recommendation neutrality on users’ trust and distrust in RAs by comparing a biased RA with sponsorship disclosure with a neutral RA. We then apply a contingency approach to examine the effects of sponsorship disclosure on users’ trust and distrust in biased RAs, with explanations for organic recommendations as a contingent factor. A laboratory experiment was conducted in the United States. We determine that users’ trust in the biased RA with sponsorship disclosure is lower and that their distrust is higher than that in the neutral RA. Results also show that user trust in a biased RA increases only when explanations for organic recommendations and sponsorship disclosure are both provided. Users’ perceived psychological contract violations of an RA have been verified as a key mediator of the examined effects. However, explanations for organic recommendations, sponsorship disclosure, or their combination fail to significantly lower users’ distrust in a biased RA. A second experiment conducted in Hong Kong confirms the major findings of the experiment conducted in the United States. Theoretical contributions and practical implications for e-commerce RAs are discussed. This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
On the External Validity of Social Preference Games: A Systematic Lab-Field Study
Authors: Galizzi Matteo M. , Navarro-Martinez Daniel 
Published: February 2018

We present a lab-field experiment designed to systematically assess the external validity of social preferences elicited in a variety of experimental games. We do this by comparing behavior in the different games with several behaviors elicited in the field and with self-reported behaviors exhibited in the past, using the same sample of participants. Our results show that the experimental social preference games do a poor job explaining both social behaviors in the field and social behaviors from the past. We also include a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous literature on the external validity of social preference games.Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2908 .This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
The Right to Be Handsome: The Queer Sartorial Objects of “Masculine of Center” Fashion
Authors: Rand Erin J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the past several years, a flurry of queer fashion blogs and websites, new brands, and small retailers have emerged that feature clothing and accessories described as “masculine of center.” Targeted toward butch women, trans men, tomboys, genderqueers, and others who desire masculine fashions for bodies not traditionally recognized as male, this new movement in style and design affirms nonconforming gender presentations that are typically excluded from the bi-gendered fashion world. In this article I focus specifically on the sartorial objects of masculine of center style, arguing that they exert an affective pull on viewers, consumers, and wearers, acting as nodal points through which communities and desires cohere. I approach masculine of center fashion as embodied “queer affectation,” highlighting the everyday affective practices of dressing and the entanglements of flesh and fabric in the performative materialization of the gendered, raced, and classed body. While fashion’s revolutionary impact is certainly circumscribed by the neoliberal commodification of identities, I suggest that the queer lines of attachment enabled by masculine of center fashion are never fully predicted by capitalism’s agenda, and thus allow a glimpse of a queerer world organized around the embodied pleasures of and for the aesthetic.
Probabilistic p-cyclic contractions using different types of t-norms
Authors: Choudhury Binayak S. , Bhandari Samir Kumar , Saha Parbati 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Cyclic mappings have appeared prominently in fixed point theory during the last decade. They have also their applications in global optimization problems. Note that p-cyclic mappings are extensions of cyclic mappings over p number of sets. In this paper we introduce two p-cyclic contractions in probabilistic spaces. We have two corresponding fixed point theorems using third-order Hadzic-type t-norm and minimum t-norm, respectively. One of the probabilistic contractions is of Ciric type while
the other is a general contraction. One illustrative example is given. The space we consider here is a 2-Menger space which is an extension of a probabilistic metric space in the same vein as the 2-metric spaces are extensions of metric spaces.