bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Cr doping on the phase composition of Cr,Ca:YAG ceramics by solid state reaction sintering
Authors: Chaika Mykhailo , Paszkowicz Wojciech , Strek Wiesław , Hreniak Dariusz , Tomala Robert , Safronova Nadiya , Doroshenko Andriy , Parkhomenko Sergiy , Dluzewski Piotr , Kozłowski Mirosław , Vovk Oleh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn the present work, the influence of Cr and Ca co‐additives on the phase formation under conditions emulated the real sintering process of Cr4+:YAG ceramics is studied. The XRD analysis of the treated samples revealed the difference in formation rates of intermediate phases between the samples with and without the Cr2O3 additive. The formation of intermediate phases in the solid‐state reaction between Y2O3 and Al2O3 is observed to shift toward higher temperatures (ie, toward the stage of fast shrinkage) if the mixture of Cr2O3 and CaO is added. The reason for such shift is the appearance of new intermediate, which contains Cr4+ ions in perovskite structure, as has been established by optical absorption and luminescent investigations. It is found that the Cr,Ca:YAG ceramics prepared by vacuum solid state reaction sintering at 1750°C, 10 hours possesses better optical transparency than Ca:YAG ceramics prepared under the same conditions.
Optical, electrical, and photoelectric properties of nitrogen‐doped perovskite ferroelectric BaTiO3 ceramics
Authors: Long Peiqing , Chen Chen , Pang Dongfang , Liu Xitao , Yi Zhiguo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNitrogen‐doped BaTiO3 (BT) ceramics were produced by the solid‐state reaction method in conjunction with ammonia gas treatment. The optical absorption spectra results show that the bandgap of BT ceramic is narrowed after N‐doping, suggesting that the N‐doping is an effective route to increase light absorption. Polar properties measurements indicate that the ferroelectricity of BT ceramic is well maintained after the N‐doping. In addition, the electric‐field–induced strain is prominently improved to ~0.8% after N‐doping, a value superior to that of PZT. Furthermore, the influence of N‐doping on photoelectric properties of BT ceramics was also investigated. Large increase in photoconductivity and fast response to light illumination conditions were observed in N‐doped BT ceramics. This work provides a novel route to enhance the (photo)electric properties of ferroelectric materials.
Experimental investigation of contact heat transfer coefficients in nonisothermal glass molding by infrared thermography
Authors: Vu Anh Tuan , Vu Anh Ngoc , Liu Gang , Grunwald Tim , Dambon Olaf , Klocke Fritz , Bergs Thomas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNonisothermal glass molding has recently become a promising technology solution for the cost‐efficient production of complex precision glass optical components. During the molding process, the glass temperature and its temperature distribution have crucial effects on the accuracy of molded optics. In nonisothermal molding, the glass temperature is greatly influenced by thermal contact conductance because there is a large temperature difference between the glass and mold parts. Though widely agreed to be varied during the molding process, the contact conductance was usually assumed as constant coefficients in most early works without sufficient experimental justifications. This paper presents an experiment approach to determine the thermal contact coefficient derived from transient temperature measurements by using infrared thermographic camera. The transient method demonstrates a beneficially short processing time and the adequate measurement at desirable molding temperature without glass sticking. Particularly, this method promises the avoidance of the overestimated contact coefficients derived from steady‐state approach due to the viscoelastic deformation of glass during the inevitably long period of holding force. Based on this method, the dependency of thermal contact conductance on mold surface roughness, contact pressure, and interfacial temperature ranging from slightly below‐to‐above glass transition temperature was investigated. The results reveal the dominance of interfacial temperature on the contact conductance while the linear pressure‐dependent conductance with an identical slope observed for all roughness and mold temperatures. The accurate determination of the contact heat transfer coefficients will eventually improve the predictions of the form accuracy, the optical properties, and possible defects such as chill ripples or glass breakage of molded lenses by the nonisothermal glass molding process.
Annual Research Review: The state of implementation science in child psychology and psychiatry: a review and suggestions to advance the field
Authors: Williams Nathaniel J. , Beidas Rinad S. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundScientists have developed evidence‐based interventions that improve the symptoms and functioning of youth with psychiatric disorders; however, these interventions are rarely used in community settings. Eliminating this research‐to‐practice gap is the purview of implementation science, the discipline devoted to the study of methods to promote the use of evidence‐based practices in routine care.MethodsWe review studies that have tested factors associated with implementation in child psychology and psychiatry, explore applications of social science theories to implementation, and conclude with recommendations to advance implementation science through the development and testing of novel, multilevel, causal theories.ResultsDuring its brief history, implementation science in child psychology and psychiatry has documented the implementation gap in routine care, tested training approaches and found them to be insufficient for behavior change, explored the relationships between variables and implementation outcomes, and initiated randomized controlled trials to test implementation strategies. This research has identified targets related to implementation (e.g., clinician motivation, organizational culture) and demonstrated the feasibility of activating these targets through implementation strategies. However, the dominant methodological approach has been atheoretical and predictive, relying heavily on a set of variables from heuristic frameworks.ConclusionsOptimizing the implementation of effective treatments in community care for youth with psychiatric disorders is a defining challenge of our time. This review proposes a new direction focused on developing and testing integrated causal theories. We recommend implementation scientists: (a) move from observational studies of implementation barriers and facilitators to trials that include causal theory; (b) identify a core set of implementation determinants; (c) conduct trials of implementation strategies with clear targets, mechanisms, and outcomes; (d) ensure that behaviors that are core to EBPs are clearly defined; and (e) agree upon standard measures. This agenda will help fulfill the promise of evidence‐based practice for improving youth behavioral health.
A comparison of intraoral spectrophotometers—Are there user‐specific differences?
Authors: Blum Sam Lennert , Horn Matthias , Olms Constanze 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the potential impact of a positioning splint on the determination of the correct tooth color using VITA Easyshade 4 (VE4) or VITA Easyshade 5 (VE5) (VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany).Materials and MethodsDental students (n = 50) in their third year and one expert determined the tooth shade of an extracted human tooth using VE4 and VE5, in presence or absence of a positioning splint. The determined shade values (L*a*b*) were collected and the delta E was calculated. A statistical evaluation was performed with the program SPSS® (P < .05).ResultsThere was no significant difference in the determination of the correct tooth color (VITA 3D‐Master shade), independent from either the expert or the students positioning splint, and independent of using VE4 (P = 1; P = .092) or VE5 (P = .125; P = .25).ConclusionUsing VE4 or VE5, a positioning splint has no effect on the determination of the correct tooth color (VITA 3D‐Master shade). For an exact measurement of the L*a*b values in clinical studies, a positioning splint should be used. A person untrained in working with the devices can determine the correct tooth shade more frequently with VE5 than with VE4.© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Clinical SignificanceCorrectly determining the tooth shade is an essential treatment step in esthetic reconstructive dentistry. Color is probably one of the most important determinants of esthetics in dentistry. Factors such as lighting conditions, gender, age, experience, and color vision impairment affect the process of shade matching. These deficits brought about the desire for an objective and reproducible shade determination method with digital devices for shade determination. One of the most proven and frequently used digital shade determination devices is the “VITA Easyshade” (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany). At this point in time, there are no (published) reports on the measurement accuracy of the new VE 5. In addition, there are, as of yet, no investigations comparing the VE 4 and VE 5.
Randomized trial of vonoprazan‐based versus proton‐pump inhibitor‐based third‐line triple therapy with sitafloxacin for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Sue Soichiro , Shibata Wataru , Sasaki Tomohiko , Kaneko Hiroaki , Irie Kuniyasu , Kondo Masaaki , Maeda Shin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThis was a prospective, randomized trial of the efficacy of vonoprazan‐based and proton‐pump inhibitor‐based 7‐day triple regimens with amoxicillin and sitafloxacin as a third‐line therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori after failure of clarithromycin‐based and metronidazole‐based first‐line and second‐line therapy.MethodsWe enrolled 63 patients positive for H. pylori in whom first‐line and second‐line regimens for eradicating failed. Patients were randomized to the V‐AS group (vonoprazan 20‐mg bid, amoxicillin 750‐mg bid, and sitafloxacin 100‐mg bid for 7 days) or PPI‐AS group (esomeprazole 20‐mg bid, rabeprazole 10‐mg bid, or lansoprazole 30‐mg bid; amoxicillin 750‐mg bid; and sitafloxacin 100‐mg bid for 7 days). We assessed the outcome of eradication therapy using the 13C‐urea breath test. We evaluated safety using patient questionnaires. This study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000016336).ResultsThe intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol eradication rates of V‐AS were 75.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 57.7–88.9%) and 83.3% (95% CI: 65.3–94.4%), respectively. The respective eradication rates of PPI‐AS were 53.3% (95% CI: 34.3–71.7%) and 57.1% (95% CI: 37.2–75.5%). In per‐protocol analyses, the eradication rate of the V‐AS group was significantly higher than that of the PPI‐AS group (P = 0.043); however, no significant differences were observed in intention‐to‐treat analyses (P = 0.071). Questionnaire scores did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that 7‐day triple therapy with vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and sitafloxacin is more effective than proton‐pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and sitafloxacin as a third‐line regimen for eradicating H. pylori.
Functional Decline and Resilience in Older Women Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Hurria Arti , Soto‐Perez‐de‐Celis Enrique , Allred Jacob B. , Cohen Harvey Jay , Arsenyan Anait , Ballman Karla , Le‐Rademacher Jennifer , Jatoi Aminah , Filo Julie , Mandelblatt Jeanne , Lafky Jacqueline M. , Kimmick Gretchen , Klepin Heidi D. , Freedman Rachel A. , Burstein Harold , Gralow Julie , Wolff Antonio C. , Magrinat Gustav , Barginear Myra , Muss Hyman 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo analyze self‐reported changes in physical function in older women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.DesignSecondary analysis of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 49907 prospective randomized clinical trial.SettingCALGB institutions in the United States.ParticipantsWomen aged 65 and older with Stage I to III breast cancer enrolled in CALGB 49907 who had physical function data from before and after receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy (N=256; mean age 71.5, range 65–85).MeasurementsParticipants were administered the physical function subscale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire before chemotherapy, at the end of chemotherapy, and 12 months after chemotherapy initiation. Functional decline was defined as a more than 10‐point decrease from baseline at each time point. Resilience was defined as return to within 10 points of baseline. Multivariable regression was used to examine pretreatment characteristics associated with physical function changes.ResultsOf 42% of participants who had physical function decline from before to the end of chemotherapy, 47% recovered by 12 months (were resilient). Almost one‐third experienced functional decline from before chemotherapy to 12 months later. Pretreatment fatigue was a risk factor for functional decline from before to the end of chemotherapy (P=.02). Risk factors for functional decline at 12 months included pretreatment dyspnea (P=.007) and being unmarried (P=.01).ConclusionFunctional decline was common in older women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in a clinical trial. Although half recovered their physical function, one‐third had a clinically meaningful decline at 12 months. Strategies are needed to prevent functional decline in older adults receiving chemotherapy. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:920–927, 2019.
Fundamentals of CNS energy metabolism and alterations in lysosomal storage diseases
Authors: McKenna Mary C. , Schuck Patricia F. , Ferreira Gustavo C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe brain has a very high requirement for energy. Adult brain relies on glucose as an energy substrate, whereas developing brain can utilize alternative substrates as well as glucose for energy and for the biosynthesis of lipids and proteins required for brain development. Metabolism provides the energy required to support all cellular functions and brain development and building blocks for macromolecules. Lysosomes are organelles involved in breakdown of biological compounds including proteins and complex lipids in the body and brain. Recent studies suggest that lysosomal dysfunction can damage neurons and/or alter neurotransmitter homeostasis. Several studies also implicate mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of brain damage in lysosomal storage diseases. This manuscript provides a brief review of energy metabolism and the key pathways involved in metabolism in brain. Roles of lysosomes related to metabolism and neurotransmission are discussed, and evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in several lysosomal storage diseases is presented.
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This article is part of the Special Issue “Lysosomal Storage Disorders”.
Ultrasound evaluation of arterial anastomosis of the forehead
Authors: Tansatit Tanvaa , Phumyoo Thirawass , Jitaree Benrita , Sawatwong Worapat , Rungsawang Chalermquan , Jiirasutat Nuttapatch , Sahraoui Yasmina M. E. , Lee Joo Heon 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundColor Doppler ultrasound has a potential role as an imaging guide in aiding filler injections which are blinded procedures.ObjectiveThis study investigated the forehead arteries and provided insight into their anastomoses. This was performed by challenging their function to provide blood through these anastomoses when the main artery was temporary occluded by compression.MethodsThree arteries were identified on each side of the forehead, the supratrochlear, the supraorbital and the superficial temporal arteries. Under ultrasound monitoring, each target artery and corresponding anastomosis was studied separately by compressions performed in a sequential and accumulative manner.ResultsData from the current study imply that accidental cannulation of either the supratrochlear artery or the supraorbital artery can cause ophthalmic artery embolization in every case recorded. If the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery is cannulated, the chance of blindness as a complication occurs in one fifth of volunteers. Anastomosis between both sides of the terminal branches of ophthalmic arteries creates the possibility of bilateral ocular complications when accidental cannulation occurs at one of these branches, especially the supratrochlear artery. Thus, injury to the supratrochlear artery carries a greater risk of complication than the supraorbital artery.ConclusionThese findings emphasize that the chance of ocular complication is less when accidental cannulation occurs at the superficial temporal artery compared with injury to the supratrochlear or the supraorbital arteries as the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery. Ultrasound can assist in the identification and evaluation of all the arteries at risk, thus avoiding the occurrence of vascular complications.
Trends in weight‐related attitudes and behaviours among New Zealand adolescents, between 2007 and 2012
Authors: Utter Jennifer , Haines Jess , Denny Simon , Teevale Tasileta 
Published: August 2018

AimTo explore secular trends of adolescent weight control concerns and behaviours, between 2007 and 2012, and determine if these vary by body size.MethodsData were drawn from two nationally representative youth health surveys, Youth’07 and Youth’12. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine differences in the prevalence of weight control behaviours and concerns between the two time points, controlling for socio‐demographic variables.ResultsBetween 2007 and 2012, both boys and girls were significantly more likely to report concerns about their weight, though the prevalence of trying to lose weight increased for boys, but not girls. Trends in weight control behaviours varied by body size for boys and girls. Perhaps the most striking findings were the increases in proportions of underweight girls and healthy weight boys who were trying to lose weight.ConclusionsThe current study highlights the growing concerns that young people are experiencing in relation to weight control. Given the persistently high rates of adolescent obesity in New Zealand and globally, greater support for young people with regards to healthy eating and weight management is warranted.
On dynamics in a Keynesian model of monetary and fiscal stabilization policy mix with twin debt accumulation
Authors: Asada Toichiro , Demetrian Michal , Zimka Rudolf 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a six‐dimensional model of flexible prices with the monetary and fiscal policy mix, describing the development of the firms’ private debt, the output, the expected rate of inflation, the rate of interest, government expenditure, and government bonds are analyzed. The stress put on the “twin debt accumulation” means that in our model both private debt accumulation and the public debt (government bond) accumulation are explicitly introduced. Questions concerning the existence of limit cycles around its normal equilibrium point are investigated. The bifurcation equation is found. The formulae for the calculation of its coefficients are gained. Numerical example illustrating the results attained is presented by means of numerical simulations.
Association of long interspersed nucleotide element‐1 and interferon regulatory factor 6 methylation changes with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Li Yanhua , Deng Ying , Deng Changfei , Xie Liang , Yu Li , Liu Lijun , Yuan Yumei , Liu Hanmin , Dai Li 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the possible associations between methylation changes in the promoter regions of long interspersed nucleotide element‐1 (LINE‐1) and interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6) and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P).MethodsA case–control investigation was performed to compare 37 infants affected by NSCL/Ps with 60 babies without cleft malformations. Their genomic DNA samples were obtained, and the LINE‐1 and IRF6 methylation levels were measured by using Sequenom MassArray. Unconditional logistic regression was adopted to estimate the odds ratio.ResultsInfants with NSCL/Ps had a higher methylation level at LINE‐1 and IRF6 promoter regions than controls. High levels of LINE‐1 (≥64.07%) and IRF6 (≥6.46%) methylation were associated with an increased risk of NSCL/P (LINE‐1, OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.07–6.57; IRF6, OR = 4.73, 95% CI: 2.10–13.07), and the associations remained to be significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Similar associations were also found for cleft lip only, cleft lip, and palate.ConclusionOur study suggested that aberrant methylation of LINE‐1 and IRF6 might contribute to the development of NSCL/Ps. Further studies are needed to replicate the findings.
Development of tuberculosis vaccines in clinical trials: Current status
Authors: Méndez‐Samperio Patricia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is an important infectious disease worldwide. Currently, Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) remains the only TB vaccine licensed for human use. This TB vaccine is effective in protecting children against severe military TB but offers variable protective efficacy in adults. Therefore, new vaccines against TB are needed to overcome this serious disease. At present, around 14 TB vaccine candidates are in different phases of clinical trials. These TB vaccines in clinical evaluation can be classified into two groups including preventive pre‐ and post‐exposure vaccines: subunit vaccines (attenuated viral vectors or adjuvanted fusion proteins), and whole‐cell vaccines (genetically attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), recombinant BCG, killed M. tb or M. vaccae). Although, over the last two decades a great progress in the search for a more effective TB vaccine has been demonstrated there is still no replacement for the licensed BCG vaccine. This article summarizes the current status of TB vaccine development and identifies crucial gaps of research for the development of an effective TB vaccine in all age groups.
Acacetin regulated the reciprocal differentiation of Th17 cells and Treg cells and mitigated the symptoms of collagen‐induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Liu Lin , Yang Junxia , Zu Beibei , Wang Jingya , Sheng Kang , Zhao Lin , Xu Weiwei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and aimThe immune‐regulative effect of acacetin on the development of autoimmune arthritis remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the potential effect of acacetin on the treatment of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and clarify its underlying mechanism.Methods and resultsIn a type II collagen (CII)‐induced autoimmune arthritis model, acacetin significantly repressed the incidence of CIA, prevented the pathological alteration, and reduced CII‐specific IgG and IgG1 levels. Flow cytometry assay suggested that the recipients of acacetin showed the expansion of Treg cells and the decreasing Th17 cells in spleen and inguinal lymph nodes after the initiation of CIA. In vitro experiment suggested that in addition to altering the pro‐inflammatory production in dendritic cells, engagement of acacetin relieved the generation of Th17 cells and maintained the ratio of Treg cells under Th17‐polarized condition. The addition of acacetin inhibited the T cell proliferation, as well as the expression of the transcriptional coactivator TAZ, which regulated the balance of Treg/Th17 immunity, in a dose‐dependent manner.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that acacetin mitigated the development of CIA and might be a potential agent for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis.