bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Von F. Schleiermacher zum religiösen Gefühl ausschließlich als Emotion
Authors: Kirsberg Igor W. 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Am Beispiel der Konzeption von F. Schleiermacher, die die Religion als Gefühl zeigt – ein unmittelbares bzw. emotionales Wissen –, wird im Aufsatz die Möglichkeit diskutiert, ob das Gefühl ausschließlich als Emotion verstanden werden kann und welche Auswirkungen diese Deutung auf das Verständnis von Religion hätte. Der Entwurf einer solchen Auffassung offenbart sich in der Konzeption Schleiermachers selbst, und zwar durch ihre Mängel: da das Gefühl ausschließlich in der Vermischung, nicht der Vereinigung von Emotion und Denken (der Kognition überhaupt) bestehe, beschreibt Schleiermacher auch keinen Mechanismus einer solchen Vereinigung und überträgt die spezifischen Besonderheiten der Emotion und der Kognition einfach gegenseitig. Das Gefühl ausschließlich als Emotion scheint dennoch in einigen Metaphern Schleiermachers auf – unabhängig von seiner Konzeption des Gefühls. Der Aufsatz unterstützt diese außerkonzeptionelle Deutung, die Konzeption selbst wird abgelehnt. Es wird gezeigt, dass das Verständnis des Gefühls ausschließlich als Emotion zur Aufhellung des Mechanismus von Religion beiträgt (in diesem Verständnis nämlich erscheint die Religion mit all dem ihr eigenen Göttlichen und Wunderbaren nur als Bewusstseinseffekt); die Betrachtung beschränkt sich daher auf die Besonderheiten und Wechselwirkungen von Emotion und Denken, d. h. auf die Auswirkungen der Strukturen des Bewusstseins. Es wird gezeigt, auf welche Weise diese Reduktion der Religion auf die Arbeit des Bewusstseins nicht nur in der Religionswissenschaft (in ihrem phänomenologischen Sachgebiet), sondern auch in der Theologie Verwendung finden kann – zurückgewiesen wird dabei die Begründung der Möglichkeit des Übernatürlichen in der Welt durch irgendwelche Besonderheiten der Religion, und postuliert wird das Übernatürliche ausschließlich als Wunder.
Judas, Nixon und „Ich“
Authors: Klinge Hendrik 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Laut Leibniz kann sich ein Bauernsohn nicht konsistent wünschen, der Sohn einer Königin zu sein, da die Erfüllung seines Wunsches mit der Aufhebung seiner Existenz koinzidieren würde. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz erörtere ich dieses Argument in Hinblick auf die neuere angloamerikanische Debatte um das Theodizeeproblem. Dafür kläre ich zunächst die metaphysischen Voraussetzungen des Arguments und diskutiere verschiedene Einwände, die vor allem unter Berufung auf das Problem der sogenannten transworld identity gegen Leibniz vorgebracht werden können. In einem letzten Schritt unterscheide ich im Rückgriff auf Überlegungen Robert Adams’ zwischen metaphysischer und personaler Identität, um zu zeigen, dass Leibniz’ Argument, obwohl die damit verbundene These kontrafaktischer Identität problematisch ist, dennoch einen wichtigen Beitrag zum theologischen Umgang mit dem Theodizeeproblem liefert.
The Metaphysics of Jonathan Edwards’s “Personal Narrative”: Continuous Creation, Personal Identity, and Spiritual Development
Authors: Woznicki Christopher 
Published: May 2019

Summary
Central to evangelical piety is the theme of “conversionism”. Among historical figures who embody this characteristic of evangelical piety one finds that Jonathan Edwards plays an important role, in part, because of his 1740 “Personal Narrative”. In this essay I examine the metaphysics underlying Edwards’s view of conversion in his “Personal Narrative”. Special attention is given to Edwards’s doctrine of continuous creation and to a feature that underlies his understanding of spiritual development, namely the One-Subject Criterion. I weigh two options for how Edwards may coherently hold to continuous creation and the One-Subject Criterion: Mark Hamilton’s relative realism/endurance account and Edwardsean Anti-Criterialism. I conclude that given the textual evidence Edwardsean Anti-Criterialism is to be preferred over Hamilton’s view.
Changing God’s Mind
Authors: Di Muzio Gianluca 
Published: May 2019

Summary
Since God is perfect, he should never have a reason for changing his mind. However, some biblical passages describe God as modifying his chosen course of action in response to prayer. How could human prayers ever be efficacious if God’s mind is always independently set on doing what is best? This article examines contemporary attempts to answer the question by emphasizing the benefits of prayer for the petitioner. After exposing some difficulties with this solution, the author proposes that one can overcome the problem of petitionary prayer by reflecting on the relationship God wishes to develop with his human creatures. From this vantage point, one can see that God’s willingness to change his mind in response to prayer proceeds from his free decision to accept his human creatures’ input as he partners with them to realize his plan for the world.
Zwischen Nationalismus und Gleichschaltung
Authors: Rohls Jan 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der österreichische Schriftsteller Stefan Zweig war ein überzeugter Kosmopolit, der sich nach der Katastrophe des Ersten Weltkriegs publizistisch für eine friedvolle Zusammenarbeit der europäischen Völker einsetzte. Als vorbildhaft galt ihm dabei die Biographie des Erasmus von Rotterdam, einem ausgemachten Feind jeder Art von Fanatismus. In seinem Roman „Triumph und Tragik des Erasmus von Rotterdam“ (1934) porträtierte er ihn als einen Gegenpol zu Luther, dessen religiösen Radikalismus verbunden mit nationalistischen Tendenzen er verabscheute. Zweig stellte den kosmopolitischen Humanismus von Erasmus der deutschen Reformation Luthers gegenüber. Unter dem Eindruck der politischen Machtübernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten, die ihn zur Emigration zwang, wuchs bei Zweig das Interesse an der Geschichte der Reformation in Europa. Nach „Maria Stuart“ (1935) sah er in seinem Roman „Castellio gegen Calvin“ (1936) in Castellio einen Erben des Erasmus, der die menschliche Gewissensfreiheit gegen das repressive theokratische Genfer Regime verteidigte. Calvin wurde für Zweig zu einem Tyrannen, der in vielen Punkten Hitler ähnelte.
The multi-variation approach
Authors: Hasse Cathrine 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article argues that a multi-variation approach can be a useful supplement to existing ethnographic studies in the field of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). The multi-variation approach builds on classical ethnographic case studies, where a researcher studies a delimited field in a microstudy of a particular robot, its makers, users, and affected stakeholders. The approach is also inspired by multi-sited studies, where researchers move across fields, adding to the complexity of the ethnographic findings. Whereas both approaches build on analysis of microstudies, the multi-variation approach is further inspired by postphenomenology, where the main aim is to deliberately seek variation – thus again adding to the complexity of the detailed findings. Here, the multivariation approach includes several researchers studying several types of robots across sites. The analytical approach seeks patterns across this complexity – and the claim is that a multi-variation approach has a strength in findings that are systematic and consistent across cases, sites, and variations. The article gives an example of such cross-variation findings in the robot field – namely the tendency for roboticists across cases and robot types to publicly present their robots as more finished and wellfunctioning than they actually are.
Toward a pragmatic and social engineering ethics
Authors: Sorenson Jessica 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper centers on a five-month ethnographic field study among engineers in a Danish collaborative industrial robotics project, to examine how the everyday work of engineers intersects with existing, formally-adopted engineering ethics approaches.Methods included a literature review of engineering ethics, participant observation in a technical research institute and in machine workshops, document and visual media analysis, object elicitation, and qualitative interviews. Empirical findings from this investigation are used to evaluate existing formalized engineering ethics in relation to engineering praxis. Juxtaposed with engineers’ everyday ethical decision-making practices, professional ethics approaches are shown to be based in deontological and virtue ethics, narrowly focused on the individual engineer as a professional, and thus inappropriate and insufficient for the very practical field of engineering. The author argues for an alternative direction toward a situated pragmatic and social ethics in engineering that disrupts the current social arrangement around robot development through ethnographic intervention in the engineers’ negotiation of values in the design process.
A penalized regression approach for DNA copy number study using the sequencing data
Authors: Lee Jaeeun , Chen Jie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Modeling the high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) data, resulting from experiments with the goal of profiling tumor and control samples for the study of DNA copy number variants (CNVs), remains to be a challenge in various ways. In this application work, we provide an efficient method for detecting multiple CNVs using NGS reads ratio data. This method is based on a multiple statistical change-points model with the penalized regression approach, 1d fused LASSO, that is designed for ordered data in a one-dimensional structure. In addition, since the path algorithm traces the solution as a function of a tuning parameter, the number and locations of potential CNV region boundaries can be estimated simultaneously in an efficient way. For tuning parameter selection, we then propose a new modified Bayesian information criterion, called JMIC, and compare the proposed JMIC with three different Bayes information criteria used in the literature. Simulation results have shown the better performance of JMIC for tuning parameter selection, in comparison with the other three criterion. We applied our approach to the sequencing data of reads ratio between the breast tumor cell lines HCC1954 and its matched normal cell line BL 1954 and the results are in-line with those discovered in the literature.
Das strategische Langfrist-Problem der NATO
Authors: Kamp Karl-Heinz 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Siebzig Jahre nach ihrer Gründung ist die NATO in guter Verfassung und gilt mit Recht als die erfolgreichste Sicherheitsorganisation in der neueren Geschichte. Mittel- und langfristig sieht sie sich allerdings einer existenziellen Herausforderung ausgesetzt, da es immer schwerer werden wird, ihre Relevanz für die Vereinigten Staaten als Bündnisvormacht zu bewahren. Dieses Problem ergibt sich weniger aus der bündnisfeindlichen Politik Donald Trumps, sondern folgt aus der sich abzeichnenden geostrategischen Re-Orientierung der USA weg von Russland und hin zu China. In einer möglichen bipolaren Welt mit China und USA als Konkurrenten wird auch die NATO sich geographisch stärker in den asiatisch-pazifischen Raum orientieren müssen, wenn sie nicht dramatisch an Bedeutung verlieren will.
The development of person agreement and the cliticization of personal pronouns in Batsbi
Authors: Kojima Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Most Nakh-Daghestanian languages have gender (or noun class) agreement in the verb, but do not have person agreement. This is the case with Chechen and Ingush, which are genetically the closest to Batsbi. Batsbi, by contrast, has developed person agreement with the subject in the verb along with gender agreement. This is assumed to be due to the strong influence of Georgian, which has long been the second language of Batsbi speakers. In Georgian, the verb shows person agreement with the subject as well as with the direct or indirect object. Present-day Batsbi, presumably inspired by the polypersonal agreement of Georgian, further develops the cliticization of non-subject personal pronouns. To put it simply, it seems as though Batsbi attempts to express what a Georgian verb may encode in a single, finite form by means of a verb and a personal pronoun that is cliticized to it.
Measurement uncertainty in laboratory medicine: the bridge between medical and industrial metrology
Authors: Coskun Abdurrahman , Berçik İnal Berrin , Serdar Muhittin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Uncertainty is an inseparable part of all types of measurements, that is, in metrology a measurement without uncertainty is not possible. Calculation of uncertainty increases the awareness of the certainty of measurement results. Reporting measurement uncertainty is mandatory in almost all industrial sectors but not in laboratory medicine. Test results without analytical uncertainty increases the diagnostic uncertainty, causing errors that could seriously affect patients health. To improve diagnostic certainty, we should calculate and upon request report measurement uncertainty to laboratory users (ISO 15189). In this mini-review, we summarized the theoretical perspective of uncertainty concept, its relation to Six Sigma and finally compared it with Total Error Method.
Synthesis and crystal structure of a series of stoichiometric (n)-ITB molybdenum-bronze oxides containing trivalent arsenic
Authors: Goudjil Meriem , Gutiérrez-Puebla Enrique , Bonazzi Paola , Lunedei Eugenio , Mezaoui Djillali , Bindi Luca 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A series of six new single crystals of fully stoichiometric As3+-bearing Mo-oxides and partially W-substituted Mo-oxides with formula As
m
O(Mo1−

x
W
x
O3)
p
(m = 1, 2; p = 5, 7, 9, 10 and 11 and 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) was successfully grown using vapor-phase transport in vacuo. The crystal structures were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. All these compounds exhibit acentric orthorhombic symmetry with Z = 2, and belong to the so-called (n)-ITB (intergrowth tungsten bronzes) family, with n = 2, 3, 4 and 5. The six (n)-ITB phases have the following formulae: (2)-AsMo5O16 (Pm 2a), (2)-As2Mo10O31 (Pma 2), (3)-AsMo7O22 (Pmn 21), (3)-As(Mo5.53W1.47)O22 (Pmn 21), (4)-As(Mo4.33W4.67)O28 (Pm 2a) and (5)-As(W6.63Mo4.37)O34 (Pmn 21). Their structures consist of vertex-sharing MO6 octahedral units (with M either Mo or Mo/W) connected so as to form three-dimensional frameworks. Such frameworks consist of perovskite tungsten bronzes (PTB) type slabs, from 2- to 5-octahedra wide, intergrown with single hexagonal tungsten bronzes (HTB) type slabs, stacked up to form pseudo-hexagonal tunnels along the a-axis. As3+ and additional oxygen atoms are located in off-center positions inside the tunnels, forming As–O bonds with peculiar arrangements. In particular, we obtained the first examples of structures where, besides the usual AsO3E distorted pyramidal geometry, As3+ adopts AsO4E coordination with a seesaw configuration.
Insight into the Structural, Electronic, Elastic, Mechanical, and Thermodynamic Properties of XReO3 (X = Rb, Cs, Tl) Perovskite Oxides: A DFT Study
Authors: Zhao Song , Wei Zhongbin , Dar Sajad Ahmad 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In the present work, perovskite oxides XReO3 (X = Rb, Cs, Tl) have been reported using density functional theory (DFT) for structural, electronic, mechanical, elastic, and thermodynamic properties. Structural optimization has been carried out using local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in the scheme of Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof. Electronic properties have been calculated using GGA, and all the three materials were found to have metallic nature. From the elastic constants, all the three compounds were found mechanically stable in cubic structure. Poisson’s ratio (ν), Cauchy’s pressure (C
12–C
44) and Pugh ratio (B/G) present the ductile nature of RbReO3 and TlReO3, whereas CsReO3 was found to establish a brittle nature. These compounds were found to have an elastically anisotropic nature. The calculated melting temperatures were found to be 2851 ± 300, 2814 ± 300, and 2924 ± 300 K, respectively, for XReO3 (X = Rb, Cs, Tl). Using quasi-harmonic Debye approximation, we have calculated the pressure- and temperature-dependent variation in cell volume, bulk modulus, Debye temperature, and specific heat capacity.
Konflikt als Movens – Chancen für Schule, Religion und Demokratie
Authors: Engelmann Sebastian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In times of antidemocratic resentment and rising societal diversity, harmony and unity become questionable as the normative foundation for modern approaches to education. This article makes plausible the assertion that educational thought needs to change one of its basic theoretical assump- tions: the overall perception of conflicts. In a first step, the article introduces the concept of the “School Republic”, summarizing the ideas of Hermann Lietz and then its advancements by Minna Specht. In a second step, the article ties this specific pedagogical arrangement to recent political theory and one well-known concept of human rights education. Finally, the article discusses the scope of the approach which is sketched out here and identifies links to recent discussions in democraticcy education.
Religionsunterricht als Beitrag zur Bildung in der Demokratie
Authors: Grümme Bernhard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In responding to critical phenomenona such as populism and fake news, democracy depends on democratic education, especially in times of post-democracy (Colin Crouch). In this context, religious education is necessary as well. It represents a political dimension with a defined option for the outcast, the suffering, the “Other”. The aim of the following observations is to justify, disclose, and establish this dimension. By reflecting on different concepts of political education in their theological as well as, religious-educational contours, the specific critical-constructive value of religious development and education on behalf of and conducive to an even more democratising society will be outlined and emphasized.
“Best of both worlds”: A students-as-partners near-peer moderation program improves student engagement in a course Facebook group
Authors: Jay Mohammad , Lim Michelle , Hossain Khalid , White Tara , Naqvi Syed Reza , Chien Kevin , Haffie Tom 
Published: May 2019

Social media platforms like Facebook are designed to facilitate online communication and networking, primarily around content posted by users. As such, these technologies are being considered as potential enhancements to traditional learning environments. However, various barriers to effective use may arise. Our research investigated the effectiveness of a students-as-partners near-peer moderation project, arising from collaboration between instructors and senior students, as a vehicle for enhancing student interaction in a Facebook group associated with a large introductory science course. The quantity and quality of sample posts and comments from Facebook groups from three successive academic years were evaluated using a rubric that considered characteristics such as civility, content accuracy, critical thinking and psychological support. Two of these groups were moderated by near-peer students while the third group was not moderated. We found improved course discussion associated with moderated groups in addition to benefits to moderators and the faculty partner. This suggests that near-peer moderation programs working in collaboration with faculty may increase student engagement in social media platforms.
Adaptive Process Control for Uniform Laser Hardening of Complex Geometries Using Iterative Numerical Simulation
Authors: Barath V. R. , Tak Manish , Padmanaban R. , Padmanabham G. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Laser surface hardening, when applied to complex geometries, poses a challenge in the terms of obtaining uniform hardness throughout the hardened area because of variable heat sink effects. In this work, an iterative numerical approach was used to estimate the required modulation in laser power to achieve a uniform surface temperature throughout the process zone. Firstly, a transient thermal model for the laser–material interaction was developed using the finite element method for a rectangular spot of 8 × 5 mm. The temperature-dependent material properties were used to bring in nonlinear effects in the analysis so as to predict the hardened zone dimensions more precisely. The numerical model was validated by carrying out laser hardening experiments using a 6-kW diode laser. The validated numerical model was used with an iterative technique aided by conditional looping to achieve a uniform surface temperature during the laser hardening of the complex geometry with a variable heat sink. The developed iterative approach can be effectively used on any geometry with a variable heat sink to obtain a constant surface temperature throughout the process zone.
Degradasi Zat Warna Orange-F3R dan Violet-3B secara Sonolisis Frekuensi Rendah dengan Penambahan Katalis C-N-Codoped TiO2
Authors: Putri Reza Audina , Safni Safni , Wellia Diana Vanda , Septiani Upita , Jamarun Novesar 
Published: May 2019

Zat warna orange-F3R dan violet-3B merupakan zat warna organik sintetis turunan vat yang bersifat non-biodegradable. Degradasi kedua zat warna ini telah dilakukan secara sonolisis dengan penambahan katalis semikonduktor TiO2 anatase yang didoping karbon dan nitrogen. Proses sonolisis menggunakan iradiasi ultrasonik dengan frekuensi 35 kHz. Massa katalis optimum yang diperoleh untuk sonolisis zat warna orange-F3R adalah 9 mg dan 6 mg untuk violet-3B. Persen degradasi meningkat secara signifikan dengan penambahan katalis yaitu dari 8.3% menjadi 36.2% untuk sonolisis zat warna orange-F3R selama iradiasi 180 menit. Sedangkan, dengan waktu iradiasi yang sama persen degradasi dari zat warna violet meningkat dari 5.8% menjadi 34.2% setelah penambahan katalis. Kata kunci: C-N-codoped TiO2, sonolisis, ultrasonik, vat Orange-F3R and violet-3B are non-biodegradable synthetic organic dyes. The degradation of these two dyestuffs has been done by sonolysis process with the addition of semiconductor TiO2 anatase catalyst which is doped by carbon and nitrogen atoms. The sonolysis process used ultrasonic irradiation with a frequency of 35 kHz. The optimum catalyst mass obtained for the orange-F3R dye sonolysis was 9 mg and 6 mg for violet-3B. The percentage of degradation increased significantly with the addition of the catalyst; it was from 8.3% to 36.2% for the orange-F3R dye during irradiation for 180 min. Meanwhile, by the same irradiation time, the degradation percentage of violet dye increased from 5.8% to 34.2% after the addition of the catalyst. Keywords: C-N-codoped TiO2, sonolysis, ultrasonic, vat-dye.
SiO2 Entrapment of Animal Cells for Hybrid
Bioartificial Organs
Authors: Carturan Giovanni , Dal Monte Renzo , Muraca Maurizio 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTSi-alkoxides in gas phase are reactive towards the surface of animal cells,
depositing a homogeneous layer of porous silica. This encapsulation method
preserves cell viability and does not alter the hindrance of the biological
load.In the prospective use for the design of a hybrid bioartificial liver,
hepatocytes in a collagen matrix can be entrapped by the siliceous deposit
which provides definite mechanical stability to the collagen matrix and
molecular cutoff vs. high molecular weight proteins, including
immunoglobulins. The functionality of the encapsulated cell load is
maintained for the expressions of typical liver and pancreas metabolic
activities.