bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goat lung surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome among preterm neonates: a multi-site randomized non-inferiority trial
Authors: Jain Kajal , Nangia Sushma , Ballambattu Vishnu Bhat , Sundaram Venkataseshan , Sankar M. Jeeva , Ramji Siddharth , Vishnubhatla Sreenivas , Thukral Anu , Gupta Yogendra Kumar , Plakkal Nishad , Sundaram Mangalabharathi , Jajoo Mamta , Kumar Praveen , Jayaraman Kumutha , Jain Ashish , Saili Arvind , Murugesan Anitha , Chawla Deepak , Murki Srinivas , Nanavati Ruchi , Rao Suman , Vaidya Umesh , Mehta Ashish , Arora Kamal , Mondkar Jayashree , Arya Sugandha , Bahl Monika , Utture Alpana , Manerkar Swati , Bhat Swarna Rekha , Parikh Tushar , Kumar Manish , Bajpai Anurag , Sivanandan Sindhu , Dhawan Pawandeep Kaur , Vishwakarma Gayatri , Bangera Sudhakar , Kumar Sumit , Gopalakrishnan Shridhar , Jindal Atul , Natarajan Chandra Kumar , Saini Anumeet , Karunanidhi Sukanya , Malik Meenakshi , Narang Parul , Kaur Gurkirat , Yadav Chander Prakash , Deorari Ashok , Paul Vinod K. , Agarwal Ramesh 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the safety and efficacy of goat lung surfactant extract (GLSE) compared with bovine surfactant extract (beractant; Survanta®, AbbVie, USA) for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Study design
We conducted a double-blind, non-inferiority, randomized trial in seven Indian centers between June 22, 2016 and January 11, 2018. Preterm neonates of 26 to 32 weeks gestation with clinical diagnosis of RDS were randomized to receive either GLSE or beractant. Repeat dose, if required, was open-label beractant in both the groups. The primary outcome was a composite of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Interim analyses were done by an independent data and safety monitoring board (DSMB).

Result
After the first interim analyses on 5% enrolment, the “need for repeat dose(s) of surfactant” was added as an additional primary outcome and enrolment restricted to intramural births at five of the seven participating centers. Following second interim analysis after 98 (10% of 900 planned) neonates were enroled, DSMB recommended closure of study in view of inferior efficacy of GLSE in comparison to beractant. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome of death or BPD between GLSE group (n = 52) and beractant group (n = 46) (50.0 vs. 39.1%; OR 1.5; 95% CI 0.7–3.5; p = 0.28). The need for repeat dose of surfactant was significantly higher in GLSE group (65.4 vs. 17.4%; OR 9.0; 95% CI 3.5–23.3; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Goat lung surfactant was less efficacious than beractant (Survanta®) for treatment of RDS in preterm infants. Reasons to ascertain inferior efficacy of goat lung surfactant requires investigation and possible mitigating strategies in order to develop a low-cost and effective surfactant.
Direct synthesis of two-dimensional MoS2 on p-type Si and application to solar hydrogen production
Authors: Hasani Amirhossein , Le Quyet Van , Tekalgne Mahider , Choi Min-Ju , Lee Tae Hyung , Jang Ho Won , Kim Soo Young 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising two-dimensional (2D) materials, and MoS2 has been specifically utilized in electronic devices and integrated circuits. However, the direct synthesis of MoS2 on traditional semiconductors, such as silicon, remains challenging due to the hydrophobic surface of nonoxide wafers (e.g., Si, GaAs, and InP). Herein, a novel, facile, reliable, and one-step method for the direct synthesis of single-crystal MoS2 on a p-Si wafer via hybrid thermolysis is proposed. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, a MoS2/p-Si heterojunction was fabricated and used for solar-driven hydrogen production. The as-fabricated n-MoS2/p-Si heterojunction exhibited a benchmark current density of −13.5 ± 1 mA/cm2 at 0 V and an onset potential of +0.02 V. This method reliably and efficiently produced high-quality MoS2 crystals on a wafer scale and is sufficiently simple to overcome the challenges associated with previous approaches. The method developed herein represents a tremendous advancement in the fabrication of 2D electronic devices.
Asymmetric Janus adhesive tape prepared by interfacial hydrosilylation for wet/dry amphibious adhesion
Authors: Wan Xizi , Gu Zhen , Zhang Feilong , Hao Dezhao , Liu Xi , Dai Bing , Song Yongyang , Wang Shutao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractJanus films with asymmetric properties on opposite sides have been widely used to facilitate energy storage, ion transport, nanofiltration, and responsive bending. However, studies on Janus films rarely involve controlling surface adhesion, either dry or wet adhesion. Herein, we report Janus adhesive tape with an asymmetrically crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network prepared through an interfacial hydrosilylation strategy, realizing wet/dry amphibious adhesion on various solid surfaces. The lightly crosslinked side of the Janus adhesive tape acts as an adhesive layer with high adhesion, and the highly crosslinked side functions as a supporting layer with high mechanical strength. This Janus adhesive tape with good adhesion and mechanical properties can be dyed different colors and can act as an underwater adhesive and a skin adhesive for wearable electronic devices. This study provides a promising design model for next-generation adhesive materials and related applications.
CXCR1- or CXCR2-modified CAR T cells co-opt IL-8 for maximal antitumor efficacy in solid tumors
Authors: Jin Linchun , Tao Haipeng , Karachi Aida , Long Yu , Hou Alicia Y. , Na Meng , Dyson Kyle A. , Grippin Adam J. , Deleyrolle Loic P. , Zhang Wang , Rajon Didier A. , Wang Qiong J. , Yang James C. , Kresak Jesse L. , Sayour Elias J. , Rahman Maryam , Bova Frank J. , Lin Zhiguo , Mitchell Duane A. , Huang Jianping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting solid tumors has stagnated as a result of tumor heterogeneity, immunosuppressive microenvironments, and inadequate intratumoral T cell trafficking and persistence. Early (≤3 days) intratumoral presentation of CAR T cells post-treatment is a superior predictor of survival than peripheral persistence. Therefore, we have co-opted IL-8 release from tumors to enhance intratumoral T-cell trafficking through a CAR design for maximal antitumor activity in solid tumors. Here, we demonstrate that IL-8 receptor, CXCR1 or CXCR2, modified CARs markedly enhance migration and persistence of T cells in the tumor, which induce complete tumor regression and long-lasting immunologic memory in pre-clinical models of aggressive tumors such as glioblastoma, ovarian and pancreatic cancer.
Gene Regulatory Networks in Peripheral Mononuclear Cells Reveals Critical Regulatory Modules and Regulators of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Gnanakkumaar Perumal , Murugesan Ram , Ahmed Shiek S. S. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, demyelinating disease with the involvement of autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. Increasing efforts have been made towards identifying the diagnostic markers to differentiate the classes of MS from other similar neurological conditions. Using a systems biology approach, we constructed four types of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) involved in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The regulatory strength of each GRN across primary progressive MS (PPMS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and control were evaluated by an integrity algorithm. Among the constructed GRNs (referred as TF_gene_miRNA), POU3F2_CDK6_hsa-miR-590-3p, MEIS1_CASC3_hsa-miR-1261, STAT3_OGG1_hsa-miR-298, and TCF4_FMR1_hsa-miR-301b were top-ranked and differentially regulated in all classes of MS compared to control. These GRNs showed potential involvement in regulating various molecular pathways such as interleukin, integrin, glypican, sphingosine phosphate, androgen, and Wnt signaling pathways. For validation, the qPCR analysis of the GRN components (TFs, gene, and miRNAs) in PBMCs of healthy controls (n = 30), RRMS (n = 14), PPMS (n = 13) and SPMS (n = 12) were carried out. Real-time expression analysis of GRNs showed a similar regulatory pattern as derived from our systems biology approach. Also, our study provided several novel GRNs that regulate unique and common molecular mechanisms between MS conditions. Hence, these regulatory components of GRNs will help to understand the disease mechanism across MS classes and further insight may though light towards diagnosis.
Heterojunction α-Co(OH)2/α-Ni(OH)2 nanorods arrays on Ni foam with high utilization rate and excellent structure stability for high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Zhou Shaojie , Wei Wutao , Zhang Yingying , Cui Shizhong , Chen Weihua , Mi Liwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe practical implementation of supercapacitors is hindered by low utilization and poor structural stability of electrode materials. Herein, to surmount these critical challenges, a three-dimensional hierarchical α-Co(OH)2/α-Ni(OH)2 heterojunction nanorods are built in situ on Ni foam through a mild two-step growth reaction. The unique lamellar crystal structure and abundant intercalated anions of α-M(OH)2 (M = Co or Ni) and the ideal electronic conductivity of α-Co(OH)2 construct numerous cross-linked ion and electron transport paths in heterojunction nanorods. The deformation stresses exerted by α-Co(OH)2 and α-Ni(OH)2 on each other guarantee the excellent structural stability of this heterojunction nanorods. Using nickel foam with a three-dimensional network conductive framework as the template ensures the rapidly transfer of electrons between this heterojunction nanorods and current collector. Three-dimensional hierarchical structure of α-Co(OH)2/α-Ni(OH)2 heterojunction nanorods provides a large liquid interface area. These result together in the high utilization rate and excellent structure stability of the α-Co(OH)2/α-Ni(OH)2 heterojunction nanorods. And the capacitance retention rate is up to 93.4% at 1 A g−1 from three-electrode system to two-electrode system. The α-Co(OH)2/α-Ni(OH)2//AC device also present a long cycle life (the capacitance retention rate is 123.6% at 5 A g−1 for 10000 cycles), a high specific capacitance (207.2 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), and high energy density and power density (72.6 Wh kg−1 at 196.4 W kg−1 and 40.9 Wh kg−1 at 3491.8 W kg−1), exhibiting a fascinating potential for supercapacitor in large-scale applications.
Seal and Sea lion Whiskers Detect Slips of Vortices Similar as Rats Sense Textures
Authors: Muthuramalingam Muthukumar , Bruecker Christoph 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPinnipeds like seals and sea lions use their whiskers to hunt their prey in dark and turbid situations. There is currently no theoretical model or hypothesis to explain the interaction between whiskers and hydrodynamic fish trails. The current study, however, provides a theoretical and experimental insight into the mechanism behind the detection of the Strouhal frequency from a Von-Karman vortex street, similar to that of the inverted hydrodynamic fish trail. Herein the flow around a 3D printed sea lion head, with integrated whiskers of comparable geometry and material properties to a real seal lion, is investigated when exposed to vortex streets generated by cylindrical bluff bodies. The whiskers respond to the vortices with a jerky motion, analogous to the stick-slip response of rat whiskers; this motion is found to be the time derivative of the Gaussian function. Compared to the displacement response, the time-derivative of the whisker response decodes the Strouhal frequency of the Von-Karman wake, which improves the sensing efficiency in noisy environments. The study hypothesizes that the time derivative of the whisker bending moment is the best physical variable that can be used as the input to the pinnipeds neural system.
A joint deep learning model to recover information and reduce artifacts in missing-wedge sinograms for electron tomography and beyond
Authors: Ding Guanglei , Liu Yitong , Zhang Rui , Xin Huolin L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe present a joint model based on deep learning that is designed to inpaint the missing-wedge sinogram of electron tomography and reduce the residual artifacts in the reconstructed tomograms. Traditional methods, such as weighted back projection (WBP) and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), lack the ability to recover the unacquired project information as a result of the limited tilt range; consequently, the tomograms reconstructed using these methods are distorted and contaminated with the elongation, streaking, and ghost tail artifacts. To tackle this problem, we first design a sinogram filling model based on the use of Residual-in-Residual Dense Blocks in a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). Then, we use a U-net structured Generative Adversarial Network to reduce the residual artifacts. We build a two-step model to perform information recovery and artifacts removal in their respective suitable domain. Compared with the traditional methods, our method offers superior Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) to WBP and SART; even with a missing wedge of 45°, our method offers reconstructed images that closely resemble the ground truth with nearly no artifacts. In addition, our model has the advantage of not needing inputs from human operators or setting hyperparameters such as iteration steps and relaxation coefficient used in TV-based methods, which highly relies on human experience and parameter fine turning.
Membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) proteins down-regulate cell surface expression of the interleukin-6 receptor alpha chain (IL6Rα)
Authors: Babon Jeffrey J. , Stockwell Dina , DiRago Ladina , Zhang Jian-Guo , Laktyushin Artem , Villadangos Jose , Ching Alan , Ishido Satoshi , Hilton Douglas J. , Alexander Warren S. , Nicola Nicos A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a cytokine that regulates a number of important immune and inflammatory pathways. We used the ability of IL6 to inhibit the clonal proliferation of the mouse M1 myeloid leukemia cell line in agar to positively screen a cDNA expression library for proteins that inhibited IL6 activity. We found three clones completely resistant to IL6 that contained the cDNA for the Membrane-Associated RING-CH E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH2. MARCH2 is a member of a family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases that target cell surface receptors for degradation. MARCH2 overexpressing M1 clones retained responsiveness to the related cytokines leukemia inhibitory factor and oncostatin M and we showed that its inhibitory effect was a result of selective down-regulation of the IL6 receptor alpha chain and not the shared receptor subunit, gp130 or other signalling molecules. This activity of MARCH2 was also shared with related proteins MARCH4, MARCH9 and an isoform of MARCH3. The transmembrane domains and C-terminal domains, as well as a functional RING domain, of MARCH proteins were all required for substrate recognition and down-regulation. Genetic deletion of individual MARCH proteins in mice had no or little effect on IL6Rα levels but combined deletions of MARCH2,3 and 4 displayed elevated steady-state levels of IL6Rα in selected haemopoietic cell subsets including CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. These studies extend the potential immunosuppressive roles of MARCH proteins to include down-regulation of IL6 inflammatory responses.
A Survey of Clinicians With Specialization in Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Randazzo Melissa 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Little is known about how clinicians develop expertise in childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), a rare speech disorder with heterogeneous presentation. The purpose of this survey study was to examine the beliefs and practices of clinicians specializing in CAS.

Method

Speech-language pathologists who self-identify as having expertise in CAS (
n
= 165) completed an online survey regarding influences on clinical practice and beliefs about CAS. Practice patterns and perspectives regarding CAS were analyzed for respondents who self-identify as having expertise in CAS, across 4 experience bands (1–5, 6–10, 11–15, and 15+ years).

Results

A majority of the respondents to this survey provide treatment to preschool-age children with CAS. Respondents report features used in differential diagnosis aligned with the
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (2007
) technical report, with inconsistency as a key feature. Results suggest that continuing education courses are highly influential in the perceived development of expertise and perspectives regarding CAS. Respondents expressed uncertainty about comorbidity of CAS with other communication disorders. Overall, beliefs and practices are relatively uniform across levels of clinical experience.

Conclusions
Practices and perspectives of clinicians who self-identify as having expertise with CAS are influenced by factors noted in previous literature. Results of this survey highlight the need for research on the development of expertise in the clinical management of CAS, updated consensus statements that reflect advances in current research, clarification regarding comorbidity of CAS with other communication disorders, and evaluation of continuing education opportunities.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9755459
Die chirurgische Therapie der pulmonalen Echinokokkose
Authors: Haag Johannes C. , Winter Hauke , Eichhorn Martin E. 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Echinokokkose ist eine seltene Erkrankung in Deutschland, bei der es im Jahre 2016 zu einer Zunahme der Erkrankungsfälle im Rahmen des Flüchtlingsstroms kam. Humanmedizinisch relevant sind 4 Subtypen, wovon die zystische Echinokokkose aufgrund der weltweiten Verbreitung die wichtigste Rolle spielt. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die pulmonale Echinokokkose und fasst die relevanten chirurgischen Aspekte zusammen.
Heimisches Superfood: regional und
nährstoffreich
Authors: Feichtinger Johanna 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungSuperfoods werden aufgrund bestimmter Inhaltsstoffe und besonderer Eigenschaften
beworben, die einen gesundheitlichen Mehrwert versprechen. Glaubt man Medien und
Werbeexperten, verfügen Superfoods über einen besonders hohen Anteil an
wertvollen Inhaltsstoffen und heben sich damit von normalen Lebensmitteln ab.
Bei den Nährstoffgehalten können viele einheimische Pflanzen durchaus mit den
exotischen Superfoods mithalten.
Periodized versus Non-periodized Stretch Training on Gymnasts Flexibility and Performance
Authors: Lima Camila D. , Brown Lee E. , Li Yimeng , Herat Nehara , Behm David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStatic stretching (SS) can increase joint range of motion (ROM), due to neural, morphological, and physio-psychological factors. Periodized training programs (PD) (e. g., strength, power) are adopted to induce greater adaptations while avoiding overtraining. However, the effectiveness of periodized stretch training adaptations are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of periodized and non-periodized (NP) stretching programs on flexibility, hamstrings stiffness and muscle performance. Sixteen gymnasts were allocated to either periodized or non-periodized SS training and tested pre- and post-8 weeks for countermovement jump height, hip flexors, hip extensors and dorsiflexors ROM, hamstrings stiffness and hamstrings and quadriceps peak torque. Both stretch training groups significantly and similarly increased hip extensor (33.2%), hip flexor (25.2%), and dorsiflexor (23.8%) ROM, hamstrings peak torque (7.9%) and jump height (8.1%) from pre - to post- training. Both groups decreased hamstrings stiffness across the last ten angles (32.1%). PD elicited consistently large magnitude flexibility effect size changes compared to small and moderate magnitude changes for the non-periodized. Therefore, 8-week PD and NP SS programs can decrease young gymnasts’ muscle-tendon stiffness and increase muscle performance. However, effect sizes indicate that PD stretch training was more advantageous to increasing flexibility and improving performance.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Thiadiazoles
Authors: Xiao Yan , Sun Song , Yu Jin-Tao , Cheng Jiang 
Published: September 2019

Thiadiazole moieties are present in many natural products and pharmaceutical compounds that possess a broad spectrum of biological activities, serving as antidepressant, anxiolytic, antimicrobial, antitubercular, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, antihypertensive, or antifungal drugs. Many excellent methods have been reported for accessing such frameworks. In this review, we summarize advances made within the past ten years in the synthesis of various types of thiadiazole.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Thiadiazoles2.1	Synthesis of 1,2,3-Thiadiazoles2.1.1	Synthesis of 1,2,3-Thiadiazoles from Diazo/Azide Compounds2.1.2	Synthesis of 1,2,3-Thiadiazoles from Sulfonyl Hydrazines or N-Tosylhydrazones2.2	Synthesis of 1,2,4-Thiadiazoles2.2.1	Synthesis of 1,2,4-Thiadiazoles from Thioamides or their Derivatives2.2.2	Synthesis of 1,2,4-Thiadiazoles from Amidines or 2-Aminopyridines2.3	Synthesis of 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles2.4	Synthesis of 1,2,5-Thiadiazoles3	Conclusion
Botulinum Toxin in Children with Cerebral Palsy: An Update
Authors: Hareb Farid , Bertoncelli Carlo M. , Rosello Olivier , Rampal Virginie , Solla Federico 
Published: September 2019

Injected in a muscle, the botulinum toxin causes localized and temporary paralysis by acting on the neuromuscular synapse. Currently, it is widely prescribed for the treatment of limb spasticity in children from the age of 2 years. Combined with rehabilitation and other treatments, it helps to progress in motor learning, promotes functional progression, and delays orthopaedic degradations.Numerous randomized, placebo-controlled studies have shown efficacy in reducing spasticity, improving passive and active mobility, reducing pain, and improving upper limb comfort care. The side effects are rare and commonplace.The injection technique is accessible after specific training and practice. The indication is better evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. A precise clinical evaluation, assisted by an instrumental analysis (videography, spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and electromyography), makes it possible to determine the aims of the treatment and to evaluate the outcome.The objective of this review is to present current evidence base and practices regarding the use of botulinum toxin in children with cerebral palsy.
Measuring actual learning versus feeling of learning in response to being actively engaged in the classroom
Authors: Deslauriers Louis , McCarty Logan S. , Miller Kelly , Callaghan Kristina , Kestin Greg 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Despite active learning being recognized as a superior method of instruction in the classroom, a major recent survey found that most college STEM instructors still choose traditional teaching methods. This article addresses the long-standing question of why students and faculty remain resistant to active learning. Comparing passive lectures with active learning using a randomized experimental approach and identical course materials, we find that students in the active classroom learn more, but they feel like they learn less. We show that this negative correlation is caused in part by the increased cognitive effort required during active learning. Faculty who adopt active learning are encouraged to intervene and address this misperception, and we describe a successful example of such an intervention.