bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of parathyroid hormone and IGF binding protein 1 and associations with mortality and hip fractures in older women
Authors: Uzunel Elin , Ranch Lundin Hans , Grahn Kronhed Ann-Charlotte , Wändell Per , Salminen Helena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study we examined the effect of simultaneously elevated levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (≥ 65 ng/mL) and high levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) on the 10-year risk of all-cause mortality and hip fractures. Blood tests for levels of PTH and IGFBP-1 was collected at baseline in 338 community-dwelling women in Stockholm aged between 69 and 79 years. Data on hip fractures and all-cause mortality over the next 10 years were retrieved from healthcare registers. The participants were divided into four groups depending on their levels of PTH and IGFBP-1: (A) normal PTH and low IGFBP-1; (B) normal PTH and high IGFBP-1; (C) elevated PTH and low IGFBP-1; (D) elevated PTH and high IGFBP-1. Group D was used as reference. Cox proportional hazard regression (HR) model was used to compare age-adjusted association with hip fractures and all-cause mortality of the four groups. The group with elevated levels of PTH and high IGFBP-1 had a two to three times higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to the other groups but we found no association with hip fractures.
Utilization of lightweight ceramic aggregates based on waste materials in the production of lightweight polymer concrete as a component of sustainable architecture
Authors: Smoleń Jakub , Fross Klaudiusz , Groń Krzysztof , Orzechowska Kaja , Stępień Krzysztof , Junak Grzegorz , Kozioł Mateusz , Pawlak Sebastian , Pawlik Tomasz , Fross Roxana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel lightweight epoxy polymer concrete (PC) was developed with lightweight ceramic aggregates based on waste materials, which can be applied in construction materials. For the purposes of this study, lightweight ceramic aggregates based on waste materials were produced and used as fillers in the production of epoxy polymer concretes. Two aggregate fractions were used in the study: 4–8 mm and 8–16 mm. The physical properties of non-infiltrated and infiltrated granules were compared, which clearly demonstrated that infiltration is beneficial, as the penetration of liquid resin into deep pores increases the interfacial surface area. Next, using the infiltrated granules, a series of polymer concretes were prepared and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, open porosity, water absorption, apparent density, and thermal diffusivity. The highest mechanical properties were achieved for samples containing only a fine fraction with aggregates with a diameter of 4–8 mm, 99.68 MPa compression, and 18.71 MPa flexural strength. Thermal diffusivity measurements were obtained for heat transfer comparison between the developed polymer concrete and traditional concrete. The results showed that the thermal diffusivity value for the polymer concrete was equal to 2.33  ×10-7 m2/s, which was nearly half of traditional concrete. The investigated material was considered to be frost-resistant because of its low water absorption (0.36%). It was proven that the utilization of lightweight ceramic aggregates based on waste materials was reasonable and increased the mechanical properties of the polymer concrete alongside the overloading environment by processing wastes that are difficult to reuse.
Delivering sustainable climate action: reframing the sustainable development goals
Authors: Singh Ajit , Pope Francis D. , Radcliffe Jonathan , Luiu Carlo , Bakare Hakeem , Bartington Suzanne E. , Bonsu Nana O. , Bryson John R. , Cheeseman Nic , Flowe Heather , Krause Stefan , Newbigging Karen , Nunan Fiona , Reardon Louise , Rogers Christopher D. F. , Rowlingson Karen , Thomson Ian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobally, climate change represents the most significant threat to the environment and socio-economic development, endangering lives and livelihoods. Within the UN’s current 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), climate action is explicitly covered under Goal 13, “to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. This perspective considers how to re-frame the SDGs and their successor towards mainstreaming climate action within the targets and indicators of all the development goals.
Prenatal to Adulthood: The Responsibility of the Speech-Language Pathologist on the Comprehensive Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Team
Authors: Sommer Chelsea L. , Wombacher Natalie R. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Comprehensive cleft care is an important component when caring for a child with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L). Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) serve different capacities on comprehensive cleft palate and craniofacial teams.

Method:
This tutorial highlights the role of the SLP on the cleft palate and craniofacial team from the prenatal consultation to adulthood. This tutorial emphasizes the importance of collaboration between the cleft team SLP and other professionals on a comprehensive cleft team. Additionally, the tutorial provides education for feeding infants with CP ± L and focuses on assessment and treatment of children with CP ± L before and after the palate repair. Finally, this tutorial underscores the importance of working as part of and collaborating with interdisciplinary team members.

Results:
SLPs are an essential member of comprehensive cleft teams in addition to other medical providers. SLPs play a critical role on these multidisciplinary teams and are fundamental to the assessment and treatment of feeding, speech, language, and resonance disorders in children with CP ± L.

Conclusion:
It is critical that SLPs are involved in comprehensive cleft team care from the prenatal consultation through adulthood to monitor resonance, speech, and language development and outcomes.
Parents Plus: A Parent-Implemented Intervention for Preschool Children With Developmental Language Disorders
Authors: Sawyer Brook , Hindman Annemarie , Smith Julie , Hammer Carol Scheffner , Santoro Julie 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Parent engagement is a critical component of optimizing services for young children with disabilities, including those with language disorders. Without training, however, many parents may lack the knowledge and skills to effectively facilitate their children's language development during the essential early childhood years. The Parents Plus intervention was designed to support parents, through online training and coaching, in using focused stimulation, an evidence-based strategy for fostering early language development.

Method:
Thirty-one parents and their children with developmental language disorder participated in a small-scale randomized controlled trial to provide a preliminary test of Parents Plus. Sixteen parent–child dyads completed the Parents Plus intervention, while 15 parent–child dyads were in the control condition.

Results:
Findings indicate that Parents Plus shows promise in improving children's vocabulary and morphosyntactic skills. Additionally, Parents Plus emerged as a socially valid approach, with parents reporting that its goals, content, procedures, and outcomes were acceptable.

Conclusion:
Implications for education and directions for future research are discussed.
Water vapor as a probe of the origin of gas in debris disks
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Nakatani Riouhei , Rebollido Isabel , MacGregor Meredith , Davidsson Björn J. R. , Lis Dariusz C. , Turner Neal , Willacy Karen 
Published: November 2024

Context. Debris disks contain the formation and evolution histories of planetary systems. Recent detections of gas in these disks have received considerable attention, as the origin of the gas sheds light on ongoing disk evolution and the current composition of planet-forming materials.
Aims. Observations of CO gas alone, however, cannot reliably differentiate between two leading and competing hypotheses: (1) that the observed gas is a leftover of protoplanetary disk gas, and (2) that the gas is the outcome of collisions between icy bodies. We propose that such a differentiation may become possible by observing cold water vapor.
Methods. We performed order-of-magnitude analyses and compared these with existing observations.
Results. We show that different hypotheses lead to different masses of water vapor. This occurs because, for both hypotheses, the presence of cold water vapor is attributed to photodesorption from dust particles by attenuated interstellar UV radiation. Cold water vapor cannot be observed by current astronomical facilities as most of its emission lines fall in the far-IR (FIR) range.
Conclusions. This work highlights the need for a future FIR space observatory to reveal the origin of gas in debris disks and the evolution of planet-forming disks in general.
Personalsituation und Grundlagen der Personalbedarfsberechnungen im stationären und ambulanten Bereich in Deutschland – eine repräsentative Umfrage der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Gastroenterologischer Krankenhausärzte*innen (ALGK)
Authors: Frieling Thomas , Schilling Dieter , Terjung Birgit , Leifeld Ludger , Kucharzik Torsten , Madisch Ahmed , Schütte Kerstin , Labenz Jochen , Dechêne Alexander , Gundling Felix , Dollhopf Markus , Gartung Carsten , Albert Jörg G. , Schimanski Carl Christoph , Dumoulin Franz Ludwig , Menzel Josef 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland gibt es keine krankenhauseinheitlichen Standards zur transparenten Berechnung des ärztlichen Personalbedarfs in den Kliniken. Dies trifft in besonderem Maße auf die ambulanten Leistungen zu.Die ALGK führte vom 21. März bis zum 01. Mai 2024 eine Mitgliederbefragung über den Link https://de.surveymonkey.com/r/H7TTJYZ durch. Hierbei wurden 400 Mitglieder per E-Mail angeschrieben. Die 119 außerordentlichen Mitglieder, die ihre berufliche Tätigkeit beendet hatten, wurden nicht berücksichtigt.Die Rücklaufquote war 24%. 37% repräsentierten Grund- und Regelversorger, 47% Schwerpunktversorger und 16% Maximalversorger. Kommunale Krankenhäuser waren mit 42%, konfessionelle Träger mit 34% und private Träger mit 24% vertreten. 7% der Häuser hatten weniger als 200 Betten, 28% 200 bis 400 Betten, 37% 400 bis 600 Betten, 15% 600 bis 800 Betten und 13% mehr als 800 Betten. In 15% wurden jährlich bis 1500 Patienten, in 13% bis 2500 Patienten, in je 22% bis 3000 bzw. 4000 Patienten, in 16% bis 5000 Patienten und in 12% mehr als 5000 Patienten pro Jahr versorgt. Der mittlere Casemix war 2373 ± 999 und der Casemix-Index 0,70 ± 0,11. Im Mittel waren 17,6 ± 7,6 Arztstellen vorhanden und ein Assistenzarzt versorgte 14 ± 2,7 Patienten pro Tag. Eine transparente Personalberechnung war in 56% der Abteilungen bzw. Kliniken nicht vorhanden, in 82% erfolgte keine innerbetriebliche Leistungsverrechnung bzw. Kostendeckungsrechnung, in 54% erfolgte keine Rückmeldung der ambulanten Leistungen von der Verwaltung, in 93% bestand keine transparente Arztstellenberechnung anhand der ambulanten Leistungen, in 97% wurden die Ausbildung und Weiterbildung der jungen Kolleginnen und Kollegen bei der Stellenberechnung nicht berücksichtigt, in 75% war für die leitenden Gastroenterologen*innen bezüglich der ambulanten Leistungen kein kommunizierter und für sie erkennbarer strategischer Plan durch den Krankenhausträger erkennbar. 49% der Befragten befürchteten, dass Ihr Krankenhausträger die Umstrukturierungen im Gesundheitswesen mit Ambulantisierung, Zentralisierung, Mindestmengenerfüllung nicht bewältigt und sogar in seiner Existenz bedroht ist.Eine transparente Stellenberechnung bzw. Kommunikation über die stationären und ambulanten gastroenterologischen Leistungen bzw. die strategischen Ziele im Rahmen der Gesundheitsstrukturreform sind in deutschen Krankenhäusern sehr lückenhaft. Dies führt zur Verunsicherung und Existenzängsten in hohem Maße.
Entirely Intramural Growth Pattern: A Rare Presentation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Review of the Literature
Authors: Qiu Jiayu , Tu Yi , Yu Chen , Shu Xu , Pan Xiaolin , Zhang Yanxia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium. In contrast, esophageal submucosal tumors are common benign lesions arising from mesenchymal tissues. To date, an entirely intramural growth of ESCC is very rare. This study described a case of an esophageal submucosal tumor resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) that was finally diagnosed as ESCC.A 51-year-old woman presented with progressive dysphagia and was provisionally diagnosed with esophageal leiomyoma by further diagnostic modalities. The patient did not have any obvious suspicious malignant features and underwent ESD. However, the histopathology of the resected specimen was reported as poorly differentiated infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma with normal overlying squamous epithelium. Consequently, the patient received additional chemoradiotherapy, and no recurrence was observed during the 2-year follow-up.A comprehensive literature search related to ESCC with entirely intramural growth was performed in PubMed and Embase from their inception up to November 2023, and 12 articles including 13 cases were finally included in the literature review. Subsequently, we extracted information about these cases.It is concluded that ESCC may masquerade as a submucosal tumor with a complete submucosal growth pattern and is easily misdiagnosed because endoscopic biopsy and iodine staining are always negative. Therefore, if a patient with a submucosal tumor has dysphagia or weight loss in the short term, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of ESCC with a complete submucosal growth pattern. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), chest computed tomography (CT), or positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) may help assist in the diagnosis, and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) could be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Insurability and government-funded mitigation: safer but costlier
Authors: Liu Dahui , Nozick Linda , Millea Meghan , Kruse Jamie , Davidson Rachel , Trainor Joseph , Li Junkan , Williams Caroline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHurricanes significantly harm homeowners through physical damage and long-term financial strain due to rising insurance costs, property value loss, and repair expenses. This paper focuses on the interrelated decisions of the government mitigation funding of residential acquisitions and retrofit subsidies and of price restrictions on the insurance market in eastern North Carolina to determine the financial effects on stakeholders. The introduction of these policy interventions have impacts that propagate through the system due to risk adjustments, homeowner take-up behaviour, and insurer profit-maximising behaviour. This study uses an integrated game theoretic model to demonstrate that there are cost-effective government spending levels that reduce residential loss from hurricane damage. When insurance prices are capped at preintervention levels, the number of households and their distribution of losses, which has been altered through mitigation, leads to increased insurer insolvency. When insurance prices are allowed to adjust after mitigation, some homeowners find insurance is no longer affordable. This highlights the tradeoff between ensuring insurer stability and expanding homeowner insurance accessibility.
Structural and optical study of chitosan–graphene oxide composite through hydrothermal route
Authors: Paul Tonmoy , Ifat-Al-Karim Md , Nahid Farzana , Haque Md Mahbubul 
Published: November 2024

Chitosan (CS), a semi-crystalline biomolecule, has gained widespread attention due to its great synthesis flexibility and biological compatibility. In this study, chitosan was synthesized from chitin, a homopolymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linked by β–(1→4) bonds extracted from shrimp shell. Crystallinity of chitosan was always an issue while applying it in various applications. Graphene Oxide (GO) can be a very capable substitute for enhancing the crystallinity of chitosan due to its mechanical, thermal, optical, biomedical, and electronic properties. In this study, a chitosan–graphene oxide composite was synthesized by following the hydrothermal method. The characterization of chitosan–graphene oxide composite performed by different processes: x-ray diffraction revealed that the produced chitosan–graphene oxide composite has improved crystalline characteristics, with a smaller crystallite size of 6.2 nm when compared to GO and CS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups in GO, CS, and GO–CS. The Raman spectrum predicted the increased disorders originated from sp2 carbon hexagonal networks with strong covalent bonds. The relative quality and successful preparation of the GO–CS composite were evaluated and confirmed by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis pictured the morphology of the GO-CS composite. The novel aspect of this study was the incorporation of graphene oxide in order to boost the crystal structure of chitosan derived from raw shrimp shells.
Comparative analysis on single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes suspended for enhanced thermal energy transfer past stretching surfaces
Authors: Bhargavi N. , Sreenivasulu P. , Poornima T. 
Published: November 2024

Flat and parabolic trough solar collectors concentrate sunlight onto a receiver tube containing the heat transfer liquid. Particularly, CNT nanofluids enhance the efficacy of energy harvesting in these systems. Flat plate collectors are simple in design and cheaper than parabolic shape collectors. Based on this idea, the present investigation focuses on how energy transmission helps harvest solar energy. Thus, three-dimensional, electrically conducting carbon nanotubes suspended in engine oil formed nanofluid flowing past a stretching porous surface with thermal slip are investigated numerically. Through the utilization of similarity transformations, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into a set of coupled ordinary differential equations. After that, the shooting approach is applied to these equations together with the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method to solve them. The study investigates the influence of various flow parameters on the velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficients, and Nusselt number near the wall. A comparative study of single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes is made. From the theoretical calculations, the momentum of flow is higher, and temperature is lower for multi-walled carbon nanotubes than single-walled ones. The heat transfer rate enhances with an increase in Pr and S, and it is opposite when R, St, and δ increases. This study shows that the energy transmission rate is better in multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which act as better cooling liquid.
Influence of stand thinning on wildlife in managed second-growth forests: tree squirrels, small mustelids, and mammalian species richness
Authors: Sullivan Thomas P. , Sullivan Druscilla S. 
Published: November 2024

Context Clearcutting of forests reduces food, cover, and stand structure attributes for tree squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, Glaucomys sabrinus), small mustelids (Mustela richardsonii, Neogale frenata), and other mammal species. Forest restoration is urgently needed and stand thinning of second-growth forests may help restore habitats for mammals. Aims We tested the hypotheses that in thinned stands of second-growth lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) at 30–36 years post-thinning: (H1) tree dimensions would be comparable to, or higher than those in uncut old-growth forest; activity of tree squirrels, weasels, and mammalian species richness would be higher in (H2) heavily thinned than lightly thinned stands, and (H3) higher in uncut old-growth forest than in second-growth thinned stands. Methods We measured stand structure attributes and activity of tree squirrels, weasels, and mammalian species richness with camera traps from 2021 to 2023 in replicated (n = 3) treatments of three densities of thinned pine stands and uncut old-growth forest in south-central British Columbia (BC), Canada. Key results Thinned and old-growth stands had mean tree diameters ranging from 18 to 22 cm, but mean tree heights were highest in the old-growth stands. Low-density stands tended to have large diameter crop trees with substantial crowns. There was no evidence for a difference in mean activity of T. hudsonicus and G. sabrinus, other common mammal species, and overall species richness among stands. There were more weasel detections per camera-day in the low-density and old-growth stands than other thinned stands. Conclusions Comparison of stand structure attributes showed partial support for H1. There was insufficient evidence to detect biologically meaningful effects among stands in a mean index of activity for T. hudsonicus, G. sabrinus, other common mammal species, and overall species richness, and hence did not support H2 or H3. There was weak support for H2 and H3 with limited weasel activity. Implications Thinned second-growth stands ≤1000 stems/ha may provide habitat at least for the mammal species and post-treatment period outlined in this study. To our knowledge, this is the first convergence of managed coniferous stands (age 43 years) with old-growth forest (age 140–187 years) in terms of some components of stand structure and mammalian species richness.
Mirrors and windows
Authors: Martín de León Celia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore whether the co-speech
gestures of interpreters align with those of a speaker during simultaneous
interpreting. And if they do align, to investigate the functions that the
aligned gestures serve and whether they provide information about the conceptual
alignment of interpreters to a speaker. To achieve this, the gestures of three
professional interpreters during a simulated remote simultaneous interpreting
session were compared with those of the speaker using a mixed-methods approach.
This consisted of qualitative micro-analyses and descriptive quantitative
analyses of co-speech gestures. Gestural alignment with the speaker was found
for all participants and across all functional dimensions, with representational
gestures eliciting the highest percentage of alignment. The qualitative analysis
of examples of aligned gestures with referential and interactive functions and
of gestures used to organize the speech content metaphorically suggests that
there was conceptual alignment of the interpreters with the speaker.
Student retention in minority immersion education
Authors: Cammarata Laurent , Ó Duibhir Pádraig , Marchak Kristan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite the popularity of immersion/bilingual programs across the globe, student retention from kindergarten to
the last year of high school has been a preoccupying issue for decades. There is a dearth of research exploring the challenges
faced by parents, who are the primary decision-makers when it comes to enrolment and withdrawal. Thus, we lack a critical
understanding to address the issue of student retention in immersion programmes. This article reports on two large-scale online
survey studies, one conducted in the Canadian French Immersion (FI) context and the other in the Irish Immersion (IM) context.
Both studies explored parental decision-making processes in relation to enrolment and withdrawal. Findings revealed common
challenges, such as the need for greater support for students with special education needs. Parental motivation and understanding
of the L2 acquisition process were also found to be critical when it comes to resilience to continue in the programme.