bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of simultaneous blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture findings in neonatal meningitis
Authors: HALİL Halit , Özlüer Işık Şehribanu , SAYGAN Sibel , Oğuz Şerife Suna , Tayman Cüneyt 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The aim of our present study was to investigate the simultaneous findings of both blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures and to determine the etiological pathogens responsible for neonatal sepsis and meningitis in our neonatal intensive care unit.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in our newborn department from November 2013 to October 2015. During this period 732 neonates with signs and symptoms of neonatal sepsis were included in our study. Sepsis and meningitis work up were performed and simultaneous blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were taken from eligible patients.Results: Cerebrospinal fluid cultures were positive in100 (13.7%) of cases. Positive blood cultures were found in 59 (8.1%) neonates with meningitis. Staphylococcus bacteria (48%) was the most frequent organism responsible for confirmed meningitis, followed by klebsiella (19%) and pseudomonas (10%). Simultaneous pathogens isolated from blood cultures were Staphylococcus (%24), klebsiella (13%) and pseudomonas (8%).Conclusion: In our study group staphylococcus, klebsiella and pseudomonas were the main etiological agents that were responsible for neonatal sepsis and meningitis in our unit.
Treatment results of Wilms tumour
Authors: BANLI CESUR İlknur , YAĞCI KÜPELİ Begül , ÖZÇELİK Zerrin 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment results of the patients with Wilms tumour (WT).Materials and Methods: The clinical records of 21 children with WT treated between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, nationality, symptoms, diagnostic and surgical methods, surgical complications, the stage of the disease, the status of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy status, presence of recurrent disease and histopathological characteristics of the tumour and outcome of the patients were analyzed.Results: The female/male ratio was 2/1 and the mean age was 4.21±2.26 years. The most common physical examination finding was abdominal mass. The diagnosis was made with clinical examination and radiological investigation in 90.5% of the patients. Total nephroureterectomy was performed in all patients. The most common histopathological subgroup was classical Wilms Tumour that was detected in 81 % of the patients. 6.8 % of the patients had distant metastasis at the time of the diagnosis. The most common distant metastasis site was lungs. Overall survival (OS) of the patients was 85.7% and mean survival time was 36 months (2 months - 62 months). Advanced stage at diagnosis, presence of distant metastasis and diffuse anaplastic histology were associated with worse OS rates. Conclusion: Similar to existing knowledge on outcome of patients with Wilms tumor, our results confirmed the negative effect of advanced stage, distant metastasis and diffuse anaplastic histology on survival. Further large-scale studies investigating molecular features of the tumor are needed to decide for proper treatment and to better predict outcome.
Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Li Weiwei , Wang Zhiqun , Qu Jinghao , Zhang Yang , Sun Xuguang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. Moreover, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene.

Results: There were 64 eyes included in the study. A total of 32.8% of the patients wore soft contact lenses, and 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20 eyes) in the early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results according to Giemsa-stained smears, and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts revealed trophozoites in 7 eyes (35%). Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy combined with clinical signs. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) rinsed their lenses and/or cases with tap water; 55% of soft-lens wearers wore their lenses while showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, and all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology group, the number of patients who required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 (chi-square test, χ 2 = 4.209, P = 0.04).

Conclusions: More than two-thirds of the cases were associated with orthokeratology. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for patients who are highly suspected of having early-stage AK to help with early diagnosis. In the orthokeratology group, the rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005.
Methodology for sampling women at high maternal risk in administrative data
Authors: Vanderlaan Jennifer , Dunlop Anne , Rochat Roger , Williams Bryan , Shapiro Susan E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background In population level studies, the conventional practice of categorizing women into low and high maternal risk samples relies upon ascertaining the presence of various comorbid conditions in administrative data. Two problems with the conventional method include variability in the recommended comorbidities to consider and inability to distinguish between maternal and fetal risks. High maternal risk sample selection may be improved by using the Obstetric Comorbidity Index (OCI), a system of risk scoring based on weighting comorbidities associated with maternal end organ damage. The purpose of this study was to compare the net benefit of using OCI risk scoring vs the conventional risk identification method to identify a sample of women at high maternal risk in administrative data. Methods This was a net benefit analysis using linked delivery hospitalization discharge and vital records data for women experiencing singleton births in Georgia from 2008-2012. We compared the value identifying a sample of women at high maternal risk using the OCI score to the conventional method of dichotomous identification of any comorbidities. Value was measured by the ability to select a sample of women designated as high maternal risk who experienced severe maternal morbidity or mortality. Results The high maternal risk sample created with the OCI had a small but positive net benefit (+ 0.6), while the conventionally derived sample had a negative net benefit indicating the sample selection performed worse than identifying no woman as high maternal risk. Conclusions The OCI can be used to select women at high maternal risk in administrative data. The OCI provides a consistent method of identification for women at risk of maternal morbidity and mortality and avoids confounding all obstetric risk factors with specific maternal risk factors. Using the OCI may help reduce misclassification as high maternal risk and improve the consistency in identifying women at high maternal risk in administrative data.
Fibrin-Associated Large B-Cell Lymphoma: First Case Report Within A Cerebral Artery Aneurysm And Literature Review
Authors: Zanelli Magda , Zizzo Maurizio , Montanaro Marco , Gomes Vito , Martino Giovanni , De Marco Loredana , Orcioni Giulio Fraternali , Martelli Maria Paola , Ascani Stefano 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FA-DLBCL) is a rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive lymphoproliferative disorder included in the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification. It arises within fibrinous material in the context of hematomas, pseudocysts, cardiac myxoma or in relation with prosthetic devices. In these clinical settings the diagnosis requires an high index of suspicion, because it does not form a mass itself, being composed of small foci of neoplastic cells. Despite overlapping features with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation, it deserves a separate classification, being not mass-forming and often following an indolent course. Case presentation: A 64-year-old immunocompetent woman required medical care for cerebral hemorrhage. Computed Tomography (CT) angiography identified an aneurysm in the left middle cerebral artery. A FA-DLBCL was incidentally identified within thrombotic material in the context of the arterial aneurysm. After surgical removal, it followed a benign course with no further treatment. Conclusions: The current case represents the first report of FA-DLBCL identified in a cerebral artery aneurysm, expanding the clinicopathologic spectrum of this rare entity. A complete literature review is additionally made.
Reducing violent discipline by teachers using Interaction Competencies with Children for Teachers (ICC-T): Study protocol for a matched cluster randomized controlled trial in Tanzanian public primary schools
Authors: Masath Faustine Bwire , Hermenau Katharin , Nkuba Mabula , Hecker Tobias 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Despite the existing national and international plans of action to end violent discipline strategies used by teachers in schools, it still prevails in Tanzanian schools. This underlines the need to implement school-based interventions that aim at reducing violent discipline by teachers. In this study, we will evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the preventative intervention Interaction Competencies with Children for Teachers in Tanzanian primary schools. Following its success in secondary schools, we hypothesize that the intervention will reduce teachers’ positive attitudes towards and their use of violent discipline at school. Methods The study will be conducted in six randomly selected regions in Tanzania. We have already randomly selected two schools in each region (12 in total) that fulfill our inclusion criteria. From each region, one school will be randomly assigned to the intervention and the other to the monitoring group (no intervention). Eighty students between the ages of nine to twelve years (N = 960) and 20 teachers from each school (N = 240) will be included in the trial. We will collect data directly before the intervention (t1) and six months after the intervention (t2) both at intervention and monitoring schools. Using guided questionnaire assessments, we will measure violence by teachers using students’ reports on their exposure to and teachers’ reports on their use of violence using the Conflict Tactics Scale. Furthermore, we will assess teachers’ positive attitudes towards violent discipline using a modified version of the Conflict Tactic Scale. The feasibility of the intervention will be evaluated using purpose-built measures assessing the demand, applicability, acceptability and integration of core elements into the daily work in the participating schools. Discussion The proposed study will allow us to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention aiming to reduce positive attitudes towards and the use of violent discipline by teachers in school settings. With the reduction of violent discipline by teachers, this study contributes to national and international efforts towards ending violence against children as well as the attainment of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals that also aim for preventing children from all types of maltreatment.
Energy Balance-Related Factors Associating with Adolescent Weight Loss Intent: Evidence from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors: Burns Ryan Donald 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine specific energy balance-related behaviors (sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary) associating with adolescent weight loss intent using data from the 2017 US Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that employeda multi-stage cluster sampling procedure to obtain a representative sample of US adolescents. The target population consisted of public and private high schoolers from grades 9 through 12. The number of sampled adolescents was 18,324 with 14,765 of the 18,324 sampled students (Mean age = 15.9 (1.3) years) submitting questionnaires with usable data (81% response rate). The outcome was intent to lose weight with specific energy-balance related behaviors examined as predictor variables. A weighted logistic regression model was employed to examine the associations between sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary-related variables with weight loss intent controlling for age, sex, BMI percentile, and race/ethnicity.
Results: Variables associating with adolescent intent to lose weight included 3 or more hours of video game playing (OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.01-1.31, p =0.028), achieving 60 minutes of physical activity daily (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.59-0.73, p <0.001), daily breakfast consumption (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.87, p <0.001) and weekly salad consumption (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.12-1.52, p =0.001).
Conclusions: Meeting physical activity guidelines and regular breakfast consumption associated with lower odds of weight loss intent and video game playing and salad consumption associated with higher odds of weight loss intent in a representative sample of US adolescents.Therefore, there is a discordance between adolescent weight loss intent and the engagement in specific energy balance-related health behaviors, particularly physical activity.
Comparison of the Safety and efficacy of enucleation of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer versus transurethral resection of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Ting , Wu Haixiao , Yang Qing , Wu Han , Zhang Heng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) via a wire loop has been regarded as a standard procedure dealing with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for a long time, and en-bloc resection of bladder tumors (ERBT) is a promising alternative to conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumor. A few studys assessing the two techniques were reported. The objective of our study is to review the published literature and compare en-bloc resection for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in terms of safety and efficacy. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials(nRCTs) and some retrospective studys which were searched and sreened. A systematic search up to the 1st of March 2019 was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Embase. Data such as resection techniques, morbidity, specimens’ quality, and recurrence were collected from the manuscripts.Results: Sixteen studies were included in this systematic review finnally.No statistical difference is detectded between the two techniques regarding operative time,the 2-year recurrence-free survival and the occurrence of ureterostenosis.Analysis of some complications showed that ERBT was better than TURBT for NMIBC, including obturator nerve reflex, cystic stimulation rate, bladder perforation, operation time,duration of catheterization, postoperation duration of postoperation bladder irritation and length of hospital stay. In addition, detrusor miss rate is lower in ERBT group,the 1-year and 3-year recurrence-free survival improved in the ERBT group than in the TURBT group. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that ERBT technique is a feasible, safe procedures that may provide an alternative treatment for NMIBC.
Stress ulcer prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors or histamine 2 receptor antagonists in critically ill adults - A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyang , Fang Hanyuan , Xu Jianfei , Chen Peifu , Hu Xujun , Chen Bixin , Wang Hua , Hu Caibao , Xu Zhaojun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) have been widely used as stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients, however, its efficacy and safety remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of SUP on clinical outcomes in critically ill adults.Methods Literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database of clinical trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated SUP, with PPI or H2RA, versus placebo or no prophylaxis in critically ill patients from database inception through 1 June 2019. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. The primary outcomes were clinically important gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and overt GI bleeding. Conventional meta-analysis with random-effects model and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed.Results Twenty-nine RCTs were identified, of which four RCTs were judged as low risk of bias. Overall, SUP could reduce the incident of clinically important GI bleeding [relative risk(RR)= 0.58; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.42–0.81] and overt GI bleeding (RR= 0.48; 95% CI: 0.36–0.63), these results were confirmed by the sub-analysis of trials with low risk of bias, TSA indicated a firm evidence on its beneficial effects on the overt GI bleeding (TSA-adjusted CI: 0.31–0.75), but lack of sufficient evidence on the clinically important GI bleeding (TSA-adjusted CI: 0.23–1.51). Among patients who received enteral nutrition (EN), SUP was associated with a decreased risk of clinically important GI bleeding (RR=0.61; 95% CI: 0.44–0.85; TSA-adjusted CI: 0.16–2.38) and overt GI bleeding (RR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.42–0.96; TSA-adjusted CI: 0.12–3.35), but these benefits disappeared after adjustment with TSA. Among patients who did not receive EN, SUP had only benefits in reducing the risk of overt GI bleeding (RR=0.37; 95% CI: 0.25–0.55; TSA-adjusted CI: 0.22–0.63), but not the clinically important GI bleeding (RR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.04–2.09).Conclusions SUP has benefits on the overt GI bleeding in critically ill patients who did not receive EN, however, its benefits on clinically important GI bleeding still needs more evidence to confirm.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Microalbuminuria in Children with Sickle Cell Disease in the King Abdulaziz University Hospital: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alzahrani Yahya A , Algarni Malak Ali , Alnashri Maryam Mohammed , AlSayyad Hanan Mohammad , Aljahdali Khadijah Mohammed , Alead Joud Emad , Alhjrsy Yara Ali , Alzahrani Fatma Salih , Safder Osama 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives Studies have not addressed microalbuminuria in the sickle cell disease (SCD) pediatric population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria and to identify associated risk factors in children with SCD in the King Abdulaziz University Hospital.Results Overall, 42.5% of the patients enrolled were Saudi Arabian and 51% were boys. Patients’ mean age was 12.4 years, and the highest percentage (40%) was in the age group of 15–18 years. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 9.6%, and hematuria was present in 8% of cases. The percentage of patients with hematuria in the microalbuminuria group (22.6%) was significantly higher than that in the non-microalbuminuria group (6.5%) (P=.007). The percentage of patients with acute chest syndrome was higher in the microalbuminuria group (26%) than in the non-microalbuminuria group (8%) (P=0.005). The percentage of patients with gallbladder stones was higher in the microalbuminuria group (13%) than in the non-microalbuminuria group (2.4%) (P=.014). The mean number of blood transfusions was higher in the non-microalbuminuria group than in the microalbuminuria group (P=.002). Sickle cell nephropathy manifests as microalbuminuria, begins in the early ages of life, occurs in all types of SCD, and is associated with disease severity.
Diagnostic value of serum Aspergillus IgG antibody for pulmonary aspergillosis in non-agranulocytic patients
Authors: Yu Qihong , He Jingdong , Xing Bin , Li Xin , Qian Hongyu , Zhang Hong , Xu Meilin , Peng Haiying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: At present, serum Aspergillus IgG and IgM antibodies are mainly used in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), but the diagnostic value in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in non-agranulocytic patients is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of serum Aspergillus IgG and IgM antibody detection for pulmonary aspergillosis in non-agranulocytic patients.. Methods: 58 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis (37 IPA and 21 CPA cases), 15 cases of bacterial pneumonia and 50 cases of healthy control group were collected. Serum G test and GM test were performed, and Aspergillus IgG and IgM antibody were detected in all patients. The sensitivity and specificity, cut off value and AUC of Aspergillus IgG and IgM antibodies were further obtained by the ROC curves. Results: The positive rates of G test and Aspergillus IgG antibody in pulmonary aspergillosis group were significantly higher compared with bacterial pneumonia group or healthy group (P = 0.015 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Aspergillus IgG antibody can preferably distinguish CPA from bacterial pneumonia and healthy controls (sensitivity = 0.952, specificity = 0.692, cut off value = 75.46, AUC = 0.873). However, the performance of it was poor in distinguishing IPA from CPA, healthy group and pneumonia group (AUC < 0.7). Conclusions: Serum Aspergillus IgG has certain clinical value in the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis in non-agranulocytic patients.
AN APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL DATA ANALYSIS TO LOCAL DAMAGE DETECTION
Authors: Leśkow Jacek , Skupień Maria 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Vibration signals sampled with a high frequency constitute a basic source of information about machine behaviour. Few minutes of signal observations easily translate into several millions of data points to be processed with the purpose of the damage detection. Big dimensionality of data sets creates serious difficulties with detection of frequencies specific for a particular local damage. In view of that, traditional spectral analysis tools like spectrograms should be improved to efficiently identify the frequency bands where the impulsivity is most marked (the so-called informative frequency bands or IFB). We propose the functional approach known in modern time series analysis to overcome these difficulties. We will process data sets as collections of random functions to apply techniques of the functional data analysis. As a result, we will be able to represent massive data sets through few real-valued functions and corresponding parameters, which are the eigenfunctions and eigen-values of the covariance operator describing the signal. We will also propose a new technique based on the bootstrap resampling to choose the optimal dimension in representing big data sets that we process. Using real data generated by a gearbox and a wheel bearings we will show how these techniques work in practice.