bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEBIJAKAN PIMPINAN DALAM MEMOTIVASI KERJA PEGAWAI BAITUL MAL ACEH
Authors: Zabir Muzakir 
Published: December 2018

Problem inti motivasi yang berkaitan dengan kepemimpinan adalah bagaimana cara seorang pimpinan menggerakkan sekelompok orang yang masing-masing memiliki kebutuhan yang khas dan kepribadian unik untuk bekerja sama menuju pencapaian sasaran-sasaran organisasi. Begitu juga halnya dengan problem pimpinan di organisasi Baitul Mal Aceh, beberapa tindakan dan kebijakan harus di lakukan untuk memotivasi para pegawai agar tujuan yang ditetapan dapat tercapai. Lebih jauh artikel ini ingin mengkaji tentang kebijakan pimpinan dalam memotivasi kerja pegawai di Baitul Mal Aceh. Hal ini penting dilakukan terutama untuk mengetahui pola dan metode pimpinan dalam sebuah pengambilan kebijakan sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya. Penelitian ini termasuk pada jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis datanya menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa implementasi kebijakan pemimpin dalam memotivasi semangat kerja pegawai Baitul Mal Aceh adalah dengan memberikan pengarahan dan bimbingan terhadap karyawan. Di antara kendala Pimpinan Baitul Mal Aceh dalam memotivasi kerja pegawai adalah banyaknya pegawai yang belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan khususnya pelatihan manajemen zakat, bahkan ada yang belum pernah sama sekali sehingga kondisi ini membuat karyawan tidak memiliki kapasitas yang cukup untuk melaksanakan tugas-tugas tertentu.
An unconventional interpretation on periodization and dimensions of globalization in historical perspective
Authors: Salles Alexandre Ottoni Teatini 
Published: December 2018

Unlike the short-term business cycles, globalization has developed in long waves surrounded by periods of booms and different types of crises. The phenomenon is usually associated with a process of the integration of national economies into a wider (global) sphere involving productive and financial markets. The current increased use of the term does not mean that the phenomenon is actually new. Hence, the article aims to analyse preconditions, periodization and dimensions of globalization in historical perspective. Many scholars have discussed its causes and consequences based on what has taken place in the last few decades, normally starting in the late 1970s. Nevertheless, the phenomenon has precedents in history, which means, it is not an exclusive occurrence of the capitalism of the late 20th century. A literature has flourished suggesting that the occurrence of greater global connectivity involving many areas of human activity and social interaction has occurred at times in history since a century (or even centuries) ago. So, the article postulates that globalization is not only secular but an ancient phenomenon. Therefore, proposes that non-economic aspects of global integration should be considered as key elements to survey the topic, which have been neglected by economists and economic historians. On this account, this paper proposes a systematization of the discussions on globalization from an interdisciplinary point of view based mainly on the contribution of Held (1999). It concludes that the beginning of the first historical occurrences of globalization occurred much as early as in the Middle Ages, and emphasises the importance of aspects of it outside economics, such as culture and language.
China in Africa: Neo-Colonial Power or “Win-Win” Strategy?
Authors: Deych T. L. 
Published: December 2018

The article deals with China’s policy in Africa in the last decade. As the analysis shows, China is increasing steadily its presence in Africa, not only in the countries rich in resources, although the resources, especially oil, remain of particular importance for the Chinese economy, but also in the poor in natural resources and little attractive from the strategic point of view states. The author analyzes the features of China’s diplomacy on the continent, China-Africa trade relations, the activities of Beijing as a donor and investor in Africa. Special attention is paid to “One belt – one road” initiative, which takes the important place in today’s China strategy, and to role, which African countries, located on the crossroads of the land and sea “silk roads”, play in this initiative. The Chinese strategy envisages the implementation of infrastructure projects, including the construction of railways and highways, aviation communications, energy projects, industrial parks, and construction of seaports in coastal countries. The growth of Beijing’s investments in African economy and the expansion of the spheres of its influence on the continent are the subjects of close attention of politicians, scientists and media. On the one hand, they link with China’s policy the economic growth of African countries, some of which have entered into the ranks of the fastest growing states of the world. On the other hand, they accuse Beijing in “neo-colonial policy”, claiming that China is guided by its own interests, far from the African interests, and violates human rights and environmental standards in struggle for resources. The author concludes that an objective analysis of the various aspects of Beijing’s activities in Africa in the last decade, as well as the assessment of this activity by Africans in the course of interviews, may allow to establish the truth.
India – Africa: Trade and Investments in the XXI Century
Authors: Bragina E. A. 
Published: December 2018

In article commercial relations and investment streams between India and the countries of Africa in the conditions of globalization of the XXI century are considered. Scales and filling of their economic interaction are significantly differ, determined by the level of development of national economy and features of external demand for the made production. High need of the countries of Africa for inflow of foreign investments, especially taking into account strong lag of most of them in development of own research and development remains. In intercontinental communications o f Africa the high activity is characteristic of India which government in 2002 has adopted the program “In focus Africa”, aimed at continuous development of economic contacts with the countries of the continent. The considerable share in their GDP of the shadow sector remains essential negative feature of economic structures of the countries of Africa and India. It not only complicates adequate assessment of the economic processes happening in these countries, but also has an adverse effect on efficiency of the state institutes. It was designated, though uneven on scales, formation of the middle class and, as a result, new types of consumption, demand and their proliferation. Respectively, their domestic markets increase and differentiated that increases interest in access to them for foreign exporters and investors. Special importance is represented by economic policy of India in the relations with the countries of Africa, including with use of “soft power” for further expansion of the positions. The main forms of economic relations of India and the countries of Africa, the growing activity of large business structures, the top-level annual economic summits are considered. In export of the African countries to India the high share of raw materials, first of all agricultural and also hydrocarbons steadily remains. The share of the African oil in the general import of India in 2016 has made 15%. Along with traditional presence in the African and South Asian markets of the leading countries of the West, economic influence of China as exporter and investor amplifies. Influence of the Japanese and South Korean capitals grows in competition for the African markets. In February, 2018 the countries of Africa have agreed about creation of the common market. Such prospect will significantly aggravate the competition for economic positions in trade and investments with the countries of African continent.
The Effect of Different Irrigation Interval on Tuber Yield and Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Salih Salah Abdulla , Abdulrahman Farhan Ahmad , Mahmood Yonis Abdulla 
Published: December 2018

Gaining high yield of potato is very crucial for farmer and quality also has a great impact on their production. Beside the quality and yield using the amount of irrigation also important to reduce water lose. The tuber yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is impacted by irrigated water. This study was carried out in two respectively season (2017 and 2018) in Halabja province of Kurdistan regional of Iraq to evaluate the impact of irrigation interval on quality and tuber yield in potato cultivars. In this study there are four irrigation intervals (3,5,7 and 9 days) used by furrow irrigation method which subjected in complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The potato tuber production in 3 day interval showed highest percentage also protein and starch content was recorded highest in both year of cultivation, but the abscisic acid was affected by more irrigation which in 3 day interval irrigation the rate was less than other. Also in 5 day interval irrigation the rate was acceptable because there is no significant difference in terms of tuber yield, protein and starch content if compare with 3 day interval irrigation in particular for those area faced restricted in using water irrigation.
How Do We See The Non Luminous Objects? 12-13 Years Old Students’ Mental Representation of Vision
Authors: Ravanis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we present the findings of a research which has two objectives: firstly, it recorded 12-13 years old (7th grade) students’ mental representation regarding the vision of non-luminous objects, and, secondly, it emphasized on the relative cognitive fields. The research was done through interviews of 107 urban area students in Greece. The students were asked to explain how objects become visible, stressing the following themes: The manner in which our eyes help us see the objects, whether natural or artificial light helps us see the objects and in what way, and if the objects emit light. The data analysis led to the recording of the students' basic mental representation on the one hand, while on the other hand emphasized the reemission or reflection of light by the luminous objects as a basic mental representation.From the research results, it can be concluded that through a teaching intervention based on mental representation we can foster and enhance scientific thinking and learning about light and vision.
Scientific Literacy: How is it Evolved to Pre-Service Physics Teacher?
Authors: Chusni Muhammad Minan , Zakwandi Rizki , Hasanah Aan , Malik Adam , Ghazali Adeng Muchtar , Ubaidillah Mujib 
Published: December 2018

Scientific literacy is the ability to use scientific knowledge, identify problems, and draw conclusions based on evidence, in order to understand and make decisions about nature and changes that occur in nature as a result of human activity. This study aims to determine the development of physics teacher candidates’ scientific literacy. This is important to prepare the physics teachers in the future. The method used was ex-post facto. The subjects of this research were all students of physics education Department of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung from the first to the last semester. The data collection used was essayed tests which contained the context of science, the content of science, the process of science, and the attitude of science. Data analysis was done qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the results of this study, it indicates that the scientific literacy ability possessed by physics teacher candidate students experiencing a continuous development in terms of the context of science, science content, the process of science, and attitude to science. The result of this research may be applied by the Physics Department to make a decision or rule on how to improve the physics student’ literacy level
Urban soundscape preferences in relation to the function of a place: Case studies in Warsaw
Authors: Romanowska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The survey interviewed three hundred and nine people in five public places within Warsaw. The aim of the survey was to examine if people’s sound preferences are related to a place’s function and how these preferences differentiate. A further aim of this research was to gather users’ ideas for making city soundscapes more pleasant. The results showed that people generally prefer natural and human sounds, but do not like mechanical sounds; the importance of specific sounds are differentiated in relation to the function and history of a place. The main way to make urban places sound better and more appropriate to their function is to eliminate or reduce mechanical sounds (especially traffic), but individual methods depend on local conditions. The second way to make places sound better is to increase natural sounds and to make soundscapes more appropriate to their function – an increase in human sounds (mainly music).
Pelanggaran Maksim Kesantunan Dalam Novel Nijuushi No Hitomi Karya Sakae Tsuboi
Authors: Ariana I Nengah , Pradhana Ngurah Indra , Yuliani Giri Ni Luh Kade 
Published: December 2018

This research entitled “Violation of politeness maxim in Nijuushi no Hitomi’s Novel by Sakae Tsuboi”. This research aims to find out the kind speech act and type of violated conversation which got violated in Nijuushi no Hitomi’s Novel by Sakae Tsuboi. The data analyzed using descriptive method. The theories used for analyzing are speech acts (illocutionary acts) theory by Searle (1969) and the politeness principle theory by Leech (1983). Based on the analysis that has been done, there are violation of politeness maxim, such as (1) tact maxim (six data that aims for requesting, commanding, prohibiting, inviting and persuading), (2) generosity maxim (one data that aims for mocking), (3) approbation maxim (eight data that aims for mocking, blaming and naming) (4) agreement maxim (four data that aims for lying, advising, resigning and dismissing) (5) sympathy maxim (two data that aims for commanding and mocking).
Verbal and Visual Signs of Advertisement in National Geographic Traveller Magazine
Authors: Okta Prawiranatha I Gede Putu , Wandia I Ketut , Rajeg I Made 
Published: December 2018

This article is entitled “Verbal and Visual Signs of Advertisement in National Geographic Traveller Magazine”. The aims are to describe the meaning and function of verbal and visual signs and how their interrelations are. The source of the National Geographic Traveller Magazine from which the three advertisements are selected, these selections are due to advertisements present good combination of colors, pictures and word choices than another advertisement which also consist of verbal and visual signs. The research is done through library research with documentation method and observation technique was applied to collect the data, the qualitative method was used to analyze the data based on the theory of meaning and function by Leech, theory of signs by Chandler, and use of color by Cerrato. The result of the analysis shows that the advertiser tends to use conceptual meaning and informational function to deliver or give information to the readers about the product itself. The verbal and visual signs are related to one another, verbal sign as the part that describes what is meant by visual sign and the visual sign as the part that illustrates what is meant by the verbal sign. So, what is shown in the visual sign is appropriate with what is written in the verbal sign and vice versa.
Language Style of Women in the Movies Pitch Perfect
Authors: Upik Mahardiani Putu , Istri Aryani I Gusti Agung , Seri Malini Ni Luh Nyoman 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan tipe dan karakter gaya Bahasa perempuan yang digunakan dalam film. Data diambil dari skrip film berseri yang berjudul Pitch Perfect yang ditulis oleh Kay Cannon dengan mengaplikasikan metode dokumentasi dan teknik mencatat. Teknik menganalisis data dilakukan dengan memberikan deskripsi dan penjelasan tentang gaya bahasa perempuan dan juga karakteristik yang digunakan. Data dari gaya bahasa perempuan dianalisis berdasarkan teori oleh Tannen (1990) dan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis karakteristik pada bahasa perempuan adalah teori oleh Coates (2004). Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis gaya bahasa perempuan dari teori Tannen (1990) dapat ditemukan pada film berseri Pitch Perfect seperti: dukungan, keintiman, pengertian, perasaan, usulan, dan kompromi. Sedangkan karakteristik dari bahasa perempuan yang digunakan dalam film seri Pitch Perfect berfungsi untuk menunjukkan beberapa kata yang memiliki arti tidak terlalu penting, untuk mendapatkan tanggapan, untuk menunjukkan ketidak yakinan, untuk memberi usul, dan untuk mengungkapkan perasaan.
PERHITUNGAN VALUE AT RISK DENGAN PENDUGA VOLATILITAS STOKASTIK HESTON
Authors: DAMIYANTI DESAK PUTU DEVI , DHARMAWAN KOMANG , HARINI LUH PUTU IDA 
Published: December 2018

Value at risk is a method that measures financial risk of an security or portfolio. The aims of the research is to find out the value at risk of an exchange rate using the Heston stochastic volatility model. Heston model is a strochastic volatility model that assumes that volatility of the security follow stochastic process and consider the mean reversion. Based on simulation results, the value of volatility using Heston volatility estimastor is 0.2887, and the value of Heston VaR with 95 percent confident level is 0.0297. Based on result of backtesting, there are 48 violations obtained VaR using Heston model, while historical VaR there are 2 violations. Thus, VaR using Heston model is more strict in estimating risk.
Irish Traveller Parents' Involvement in Targeted Early Years Education
Authors: Boyle Anne , Hanafin Joan , Flynn Marie 
Published: December 2018

This paper explores Traveller parents’ involvement in Traveller preschools in Ireland. Travellers are a distinct cultural group who have experienced educational disadvantage. Against a backdrop of changing policy paradigms, Traveller preschools were established in the 1970s as a compensatory educational intervention. The methodology was mainly qualitative, drawing on interpretivism, social constructivism and critical theory. Methods included document analysis, focus group and individual interviews, and a questionnaire survey. Findings about Traveller parental involvement in preschools are presented in three broad overlapping categories; how school culture enables involvement; parents’ direct involvement in preschools; and their home-based activities supporting children's education and development. Travellers were extensively involved in various ways except formal decision-making. Traveller preschools were experienced as protected enclaves where parents felt welcome and accepted, and involved on an individual and familial level. This research highlights the importance of engaging in respectful ways with Traveller parents and acknowledging their educational involvement.

Keywords
Travellers, Ireland, Parents, Early Years Education, Qualitative Research, Ethnicity
Compara
Authors: Gordon Marcus , Diamond Sara , Zheng Minsheng , Carnevale Michael 
Published: December 2018

The OCAD University Visual Analytics Laboratory (VAL) has developed a taxonomy of end users, software systems, data types, tasks and interactivity within the domain of smart city transportation planning. This paper contributes to the taxonomy by creating Compara, an intuitive, interactive and searchable index that visualizes the attributes of software from a wide-range of applications and technologies. The taxonomy began as a spreadsheet that we transformed into a custom interactive data visualization that could help users find and understand existing tools and their attributes.
The taxonomy and interactive index are a component of the iCity project which brings together academic, government, and industrial partners in order to improve the quality of life for urban residents and visitors through the development and integration of advanced IT infrastructure for the purpose of managing transit and transportation. The taxonomy and resulting tools discussed in this paper have expanded to include resources for urban planning which also impact transit and transportation.
One of the primary uses of the taxonomy is to help various iCity project teams and stakeholders locate software that may be useful to their design and development process, as well as to understand the end-users of this technology. The taxonomy may be used to develop a city management dashboard for city planners and analysts, or equally, to design a city-services facing mobile service application.
Boys in Religious Education – a difficult relationship?! Considering perspectives of boys in a gender-balanced pedagogy of diversity
Authors: Knauth Thorsten 
Published: December 2018

Pedagogy of Religion has been, for a long time, pedagogy of skipped gender difference. In a wrong generalization, students were talked about sweepingly. However, Religious Education (RE) never was neutral to gender; when it pretended to be so it actually supported male dominance. Crucial for the pioneer work of feminist theology was to reveal the gender veil (Pissarek-Hudelist, 1981, p. 47-71): The silence about the significance of gender supported an unreflected acceptance of maleness as the standard. Feminist religious pedagogy tried to overcome androcentrism, the dominance of male perspectives in religious education in contents, aims, and interactions (Jakobs 1994, p. 97-106; Kohler-Spiegel, 1995, p. 204-211; Pithan, 1993, p. 421-435). Outcomes of research in Feminist Theology and feminist approaches to Religious Education have led to a necessary emphasis on structural discrimination of girls in school education and contributed to increasing awareness of gender bias in RE-approaches. The feminist perspective was bitterly needed and still is. But while the way of looking at girls, their life situations, needs, and gender-related educational approaches could become more differentiating, the perspective on boys has remained strangely bleak, being stuck in the criticism of male dominance.
REFLEXOS DA COMPLEXIFICAÇÃO SOCIAL DECORRENTES DA GLOBALIZAÇÃO À PERCEPÇÃO DAS FONTES DO DIREITO
Authors: Fornasier Mateus de Oliveira 
Published: December 2018

Este artigo analisa alguns pressupostos (relacionados à complexidade decorrente da globalização) que devem ser levados em consideração para que a tradicional teoria das fontes do Direito (relacionada à ideia de soberania estatal) seja reparametrizada, a fim de que o Direito tenha maior efetividade diante de questões relativas à complexidade normativa e à transnacionalização. Nesta senda, a Teoria dos Sistemas Autopoiéticos possui pressupostos derivados das ideias de complexidade, comunicação e extravasamento da estatalidade (sem desconsiderá-la) – sendo que sua observação do Direito em sociedade pode servir de importante substrato para se abandonar um paradigma epistemológico em que a decisão decorra apenas das fontes emanadas do Estado, para se aproximar de um contexto em que a decisão observe comunicações eivadas de sentido jurídico provenientes: de outros Estados, ou de centros missores internacionais, ou ainda, de centros emissores não estatais. Para sua consecução, serão abordadas considerações acerca dos significados sistêmicos da Política e do Direito – o que significa reparametrizar a própria ideia do que sejam tais sistemas no contexto da globalização. Num segundo momento, tece a possibilidade de considerar