bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Genetic Algorithm for OptimizedBIM‐Based Construction Scheduling
Authors: Faghihi Vahid , Reinschmidt Kenneth F. , Kang Julian H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractConstruction project scheduling is one of the most important tools for project managers in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. Construction schedules allow project managers to track and manage the time, cost, and quality (i.e., the project management triangle) of projects. Developing project schedules is almost always troublesome, as it is heavily dependent on project planners' knowledge of work packages, on‐the‐job experience, planning capability, and oversight. Having a thorough understanding of the project geometries and their internal interacting stability relations plays a significant role in generating practical construction sequencing. On the other hand, the new concept of embedding all the project information into a three‐dimensional (3D) representation of a project (also known asbuilding information modelorBIM) has recently drawn the attention of the construction industry. It seems timely to use this source of project data for generating better construction schedules.In this article, the authors demonstrate how to develop and extend the usage of the genetic algorithm (GA), not only to generate construction schedules, but also to optimize the outcome for different objectives (i.e., cost, time, and job‐site movements). The proposed methodology initially generates structurally stable construction schedules and then optimizes these schedules based on three distinct project management objectives. The basis for the GA calculations is the embedded data available in the BIM of the project, which should be provided as an input to the algorithm. By reading the geometric information in the 3D model and more specific information about the project and resources from the user, the algorithm results in various construction schedules. The output 4D animations and schedule quality scores can further help the user to find the most suitable construction schedules for the given project.
L
ongimicrobia
Authors: Pascual Javier , Genilloud Olga 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Lon.gi.mi.cro'bi.a. N.L. neut. n.
Longimicrobium
type genus of the type order of the class; suff.
‐ia
ending to denote a class; N.L. neut. pl. n.
Longimicrobia
the class of the order
Longimicrobiales
.

Gemmatimonadetes / Longimicrobia

The delineation of the class
Longimicrobia
is defined based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and corresponds to the former group 3 of the phylum
Gemmatimonadetes
. The class currently comprises the single order
Longimicrobiales
, which constitutes the type order and embraces only the chemoheterotrophic family
Longimicrobiaceae
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.0 (HPLC).

Type order
:
Longimicrobiales
Pascual, García‐López, Bills and Genilloud 2016, 1984
VP
.
N
akamurellaceae
Authors: Chen Wen‐Feng , Tao Tian‐Shen 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Na.ka.mu.rel.la.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Nakamurella
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Nakamurellaceae
the
Nakamurella
family.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Frankiales / Nakamurellaceae

Cells are
Gram‐positive
,
non‐spore‐forming
,
spherical or irregular short‐rod‐shaped
, nonmotile
actinobacteria
. The microorganisms inhabit in activated sludge, soil, rock, fresh feces of insect katydid, and plant bark.
Aerobic chemoorganotroph
. The
growth rate is low
, and visible colonies on agar media appear after 7–10 days of incubation.
Catalase‐positive. Oxidase‐negative.
Contains

meso‐diaminopimelic acid in cell wall peptidoglycan. Major quinone is MK‐8(H
4
)

. Mannose, ribose, and rhamnose were found as the whole‐cell sugar patterns in four type strains except
Nakamurella endophytica
,
Nakamurella multipartita
, and
Nakamurella intestinalis
. Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and unidentified aminophospholipids (APLs) are the major polar lipids. Common fatty acid is anteiso‐C
15:0
.

DNA G + C content (mol
%
)
: 64.6–74.3.

Type genus
:
Nakamurella
(Yoshimi et al. 1996) Tao, Yue, Chen and Chen 2004, 999
VP
(basonym: Microsphaera Yoshima et al. 1996, 524)
H
aloplasmataceae
Authors: Antunes André 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ha.lo.plas.ma.ta.ce'ae. N.L. neut. n.
Haloplasma
, type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
, ending denoting an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Haloplasmataceae
, the
Haloplasma
family.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Haloplasmatales / Haloplasmataceae

Pleomorphic cells, usually with contractile “tentacle‐like” protrusions. Motile by cellular contraction. Non‐spore‐forming. Strictly anaerobic. Strictly organotrophic. Denitrifying and fermentative. Only able to metabolize a very restricted range of carbon sources (
l
‐arabinose,
d
‐psicose, α‐ketobutyric acid, α‐ketoglutaric acid, and α‐ketovaleric acid). Cell wall is not detected. The predominant fatty acids (>10%) are C
16:0
, C
18:0
, C
18:1
ω9
c
, and summed feature 5 (most likely C
18:2
ω6,9
c
). The major polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol and biphosphatidylglycerol. The major respiratory quinone is MK‐4. Phylogenetically a member of the phylum “Firmicutes,” the sole family of the order
Haloplasmatales
, and includes only the monospecific genus
Haloplasma
.

Otherwise, the description of the family is the same as for the genus
Haloplasma
.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%)
: 33.6 (HPLC), 33.0 (draft genome).

Type genus
:
Haloplasma
Antunes, Rainey, da Costa and Huber 2008, 2471
VP
(Effective publication: Antunes, Rainey, Wanner, Taborda, Pätzold, Nobre, da Costa and Huber 2008, 3586).
M
ethanosalsum
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Merkel Alexander Y. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Me.tha.no.sal' sum
. N.L. pref.
methano
pertaining to methane; L. neut. part. adj.
salsum
salted, salty; N.L. neut. n.
Methanosalsum
the salty methane‐producing organism.

Euryarchaeota / Methanosarcinales / Methanosarcinales / Methanosarcinaceae / Methanosalsum

The genus
Methanosalsum
, classified within the family
Methanosarcinaceae
, order
Methanosarcinales
, consists of obligately anaerobic high salt‐tolerant and alkaliphilic euryarchaea that grow by methanogenic fermentation of C
1
‐methylated compounds. It inhabits inland, hypersaline alkaline lakes. The genus includes two species,
Methanosalsum zhilinae
, which is the type species of the genus, and
Methanosalsum natronophilum
.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%)
: 38–44.8 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Methanosalsum zhilinae
(Mathrani, Boone, Mah, Fox and Lau 1988) Boone and Baker, 2002, 686
VP
(Effectively published: Boone and Baker 2001, 287; Basonym:
Methanohalophilus zhilinae
Mathrani, Boone, Mah, Fox and Lau 1988, 141).
Tepidamorphus
Authors: Albuquerque Luciana , Rainey Fred A. , da Costa Milton S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTe.pid.a.mor'phus. L. masc. adj.tepidus, moderately warm, lukewarm, tepid; Gr. masc. adj.amorphos, without form, shapeless; N.L. masc. n.Tepidamorphus, an organism without a distinctive morphology that grows at warm temperatures.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Rhodobiaceae / TepidamorphusIrregular rod‐shaped cells, 0.5–2.0 µm in width and 1.0–1.5 µm in length. Motile. Cells with long rod‐shaped structures; multiplies by budding. Endospores are not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Colonies are nonpigmented. Slightly thermophilic. Chemoorganotrophic. Strictly aerobic. Bacteriochlorophyllaandpufgenes are not present. Oxidase‐ and catalase‐positive. Thiosulfate is not oxidized to sulfate. Sugars, organic acids, and amino acids are used as carbon and energy sources. Major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 10 (U‐10). Major polar lipids are phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME). Major fatty acids are primarily saturated and monounsaturated straight chained. Isolated from hydrothermal areas.DNA G + C content (mol%): 67 (HPLC).Type species:Tepidamorphus gemmatusAlbuquerque, Rainey, Pena, Tiago, Veríssimo, Nobre and da Costa 2010b, 1448VP. (Effective publication: Albuquerque, Rainey, Pena, Tiago, Veríssimo, Nobre and da Costa 2010a, 65).
H
aloprofundus
Authors: Stingl Ulrich 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ha.lo.pro.fun'dus. Gr. n.
hals, halos
salt; L. adj.
profundus
deep; N.L. masc. n.
Haloprofundus
salt organism from the deep sea.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Haloferacales / Haloferacaceae / Haloprofundus

The genus
Haloprofundus
is classified within the family
Haloferacaceae
, order
Haloferacales
, and in the class
Halobacteria
. Cells are
pleomorphic
, coccus‐shaped (0.6–1.8 µm diameter), or rod‐like irregular polyhedrals (0.5–0.8 × 1.0–3.8 µm), with Gram‐stain‐negative walls.
Motile
. Cells do not grow anaerobically with nitrate, arginine, or DMSO. Hydrogen sulfide is not formed from Na
2
S
2
O
3
. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive.
Major respiratory quinones are menaquinone MK8 and MK8 (VIII‐H2)
.
Mesophilic
with optimal growth occurring at 33–35°C. Optimal growth occurs at near neutral pH (7.0–7.5), but growth occurs at a wide range of pH 5.5–9.5.
Extremely halophilic
with optimal growth occurring at 3.5–4.3 M NaCl. Chemoorganotrophic.
Major polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerolphosphate, methyl ester, sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether, mannosyl glucosyl diether
, an unidentified glycolipid, and two unidentified phospholipids. DNA G + C content (mol%): 62.5 (based on genome draft). The genus
Haloprofundus
contains currently only species with a validly published name,
Haloprofundus marisrubri
, which was isolated from the brine–seawater interface of a deep hypersaline basin in the Red Sea.
H
alodesulfurarchaeum
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Messina Enzo , Yakimov Michail M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ha.lo.de.sul.fur.ar.chae'um. Gr. n.
hals
,
halos
salt of the sea; L. pref.
de
‐, from; L. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; N.L. neut. n.
archaeum
archaeon from Gr. adj.
archaios‐ê‐on
ancient; N.L. neut. n.
Halodesulfurarchaeum
sulfur‐reducing haloarchaeon.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Halobacteriales / Halobacteriaceae / Halodesulfurarchaeum

The genus
Halodesulfurarchaeum
, classified within the family
Halobacteriaceae
, order
Halobacteriales
, and in the class
Halobacteria
, consists of obligately anaerobic extremely halophilic euryarchaea that grow by oxidation of H
2
or formate with elemental sulfur, DMSO, or thiosulfate (some strains) as the electron acceptor, representing a first example of lithoheterotrophy in the class
Halobacteria
. Strains have been isolated from sediments of various terrestrial hypersaline chloride‐sulfate lakes, marine solar salterns, and deep‐sea hypersaline brines in the Mediterranean. The genus consists of one species
Halodesulfurarchaeum formicicum
, which is the type species of the genus.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%)
: 63.6–63.8 mol% (genome).

Type species
:
Halodesulfurarchaeum formicicum.
S
aliphagus
Authors: Liu Bing‐Bing , Salam Nimaichand , Yin Xiao‐Qing , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Sa.li.pha'gus. L. neut. n.
sal
salt; N.L. masc. adj.
phagus
(from Gr. masc. adj.
phagos
), glutton; N.L. masc. n.
Saliphagus
salt (requiring) and glutton.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Natrialbales / Natrialbaceae / Saliphagus

The genus
Saliphagus
is classified within the family
Natrialbaceae
, order
Natrialbales
, and in the class
Halobacteria
. Phylogenetically, strains in this genus share 16S rRNA sequence similarities of less than 95.2% and
rpoB′
gene sequence similarities of less than 87.7% with other members of the family
Natrialbaceae
and form a distinct clade in the maximum‐likelihood phylogenetic tree. Cells are nonmotile cocci that stain Gram‐negative. Strains could grow well over a wide range of physiological conditions: 25–50°C, 5–35% (w/v) NaCl, 0.01–0.1 M Mg
2+
, and pH 6.0–8.5. Cells lyse in distilled water and with NaCl concentration of up to 5% (w/v). They are aerobic, chemoorganotrophic, and can grow in defined media on a range of substrates. Major polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, sulfated mannosyl glycosyl diether, and three unidentified glycolipids. Currently, the genus consists of one species:
Saliphagus infecundisoli
(the type species of the genus). Hitherto, all
Saliphagus
strains were isolated from saline soils.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 64–65 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Saliphagus infecundisoli
Yin, Liu, Chu, Salam, Li, Yang, Zhang, Xiao and Li 2017, 4159
VP
.
F
lexilinea
Authors: Tourlousse Dieter M. , Sekiguchi Yuji 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Fle.xi.li'ne.a. L. masc. n.
flexus
bending; L. fem. n.
linea
a line; N.L. fem. n.
Flexilinea
a flexible line‐shaped organism.

Chloroflexi / Anaerolineae / Anaerolineales / Anaerolineaceae / Flexilinea

Gram‐negative, nonmotile, and nonsporulating. Forms multicellular filaments. Strictly anaerobic. Fermentative growth on a range of carbohydrates, including starch. External electron acceptors not utilized, but coculture with hydrogen‐scavenging methanogens enhances growth. Contains a single species with validly published name, the type species
Flexilinea flocculi
. Isolated from methanogenic sludge in a mesophilic reactor treating high‐strength organic wastewater. The genome sequence of the type strain of
F. flocculi
is 3.5 Mb in length, has a G + C content of 41.3%, and contains 2,793 protein‐encoding and 56 RNA genes. Phylogenetically belongs to the class
Anaerolineae
within the bacterial phylum
Chloroflexi
. Shares less than 90% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with previously characterized
Anaerolineae
species. Known habitat is mesophilic anaerobic sludge.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 41.3 (genome sequence), 42.1 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Flexilinea flocculi
Sun, Toyonaga, Ohashi, Matsuura, Tourlousse, Meng, Tamaki, Hanada, Cruz, Yamaguchi and Sekiguchi 2016, 993
VP
.
T
hermomarinilinea
Authors: Nunoura Takuro 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ther.mo.ma.ri.ni.li'ne.a. Gr. fem. n.
therme
heat; L. adj.
marinus
of the sea; L. fem. n.
linea
line; N.L. fem. n.
Thermomarinilinea
thermophilic marine line.

Chloroflexi / Anaerolineae / Anaerolineales / Anaerolineaceae / Thermomarinilinea

Multicellular filamentous cells are Gram‐negative and nonmotile. Spores are not observed. Grow under obligately anaerobic conditions with fermentation. No growth occurs in the presence of oxygen. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. NaCl is required for growth. SSU rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis indicates that the genus belongs to the class
Anaerolineae
in the phylum
Chloroflexi
. Isolated from shallow sea hydrothermal environment.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 59.9 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Thermomarinilinea lacunifontana
corrig. Nunoura, Hirai, Miyazaki, Kazama, Makita, Hirayama, Furushima, Yamamoto, Imachi and Takai 2013b, 3132
VP
; (effective publication: Nunoura, Hirai, Miyazaki, Kazama, Makita, Hirayama, Furushima, Yamamoto, Imachi and Takai 2013a, 234).
N
itrolancea
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Lücker Sebastian , Daims Holger 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

L. n.
nitrum
, native soda, natron, nitrate; L. fem. n.
lancea
. a lance; N.L. fem. n.
Nitrolancea
, a nitrate (‐forming) lance‐shaped bacterium.

Chloroflexi / Thermomicrobia / Sphaerobacterales / Sphaerobacteraceae / Nitrolancea

The genus
Nitrolancea
, classified within the family
Sphaerobacteriaceae
, order
Sphaerobacteriales
, class
Thermomicrobia
, phylum
Chloroflexi
, consists of aerobic bacteria that grow chemolithoautotrophically by oxidation of nitrite to nitrate and can also oxidize formate to CO
2
as an additional energy source. The electron acceptor is O
2
.
Nitrolancea
represents the first example of nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in the phylum
Chloroflexi
. The only known species of the genus is the type species,
Nitrolancea hollandica
. The only strain (
N. hollandica
Lb
T
) has been isolated from a lab‐scale nitrifying bioreactor with a high loading rate of ammonium bicarbonate.

DNA G
+
C content (mol
%
)
: 62.6 (genome).

Type species
:
Nitrolancea hollandica
Sorokin, Vejmelkova, Lücker, Streshinskaya, Rijpstra, Sinninghe‐Damsté, Kleerbezem, van Loosdrecht, Muyzer and Daims 2014, 1864
VP
.
M
arinithermus
Authors: Nakagawa Satoshi , Sako Yoshihiko 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ma.ri.ni.ther'mus. L. adj.
marinus
of the sea; Gr. adj.
thermos
hot; N.L. masc. n.
Marinithermus
an organism living in marine hot places.

Deinococcus‐Thermus / Deinococci / Thermales / Thermaceae / Marinithermus

Gram‐negative staining, strictly aerobic, long rods. Cells occur in pairs or filaments. Nonmotile. Strictly heterotrophic. Capable of growth on complex organic substrates such as yeast extract, tryptone, and Casamino acids. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. The major fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
17:0
, and C
16:0
. The major quinone is menaquinone‐8. A member of the order
Thermales
and the family
Thermaceae
. Known habitat is deep‐sea hydrothermal fields.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 68.1 (from genome sequence).

Type species
:
Marinithermus hydrothermalis
Sako, Nakagawa, Takai and Horikoshi 2003, 63
VP
.
H
aloplasmatales
Authors: Antunes André 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Ha.lo.plas.ma.ta'les. N.L. neut. n.
Haloplasma
, type genus of the family; suff. ‐
ales
, ending denoting an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Haloplasmatales
, the
Haloplasma
order.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Haloplasmatales

The order
Haloplasmatales
was circumscribed on the basis of phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The order currently includes only the family
Haloplasmataceae
and its single genus
Haloplasma
. It is composed of Gram‐negative staining, wall‐less, non‐spore‐forming, pleomorphic cells. Strictly anaerobic. Strictly organotrophic. Denitrifying and fermentative. MK‐4 is the major respiratory quinone.

Otherwise, the description of the order is the same as for the family
Haloplasmataceae
.

Type genus
:
Haloplasma
Antunes, Rainey, da Costa and Huber 2008, 2471
VP
(Effective publication: Antunes, Rainey, Wanner, Taborda, Pätzold, Nobre, da Costa and Huber 2008, 3586).
Epoxyqueuosine Reductase
Authors: Halliwell Tom , Leys David 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe modified nucleotide queuosine (Q) can be found within the wobble position of tRNA molecules containing the 5′‐G34U35N36‐3′ anticodon sequence. The initial precursor for Q biosynthesis is guanosine‐5′‐triphosphate (GTP) and eight enzyme‐mediated reactions are required for total synthesis of Q from GTP. Epoxyqueuosine reductase (QueG) is responsible for catalyzing the final step in the Q biosynthesis pathway. This reaction leads to the reduction of the epoxide moiety of the tRNA‐bound precursor epoxyqueuosine, resulting in the formation of the Q cyclopentene group. The reduction is catalysed via the QueG cobalamin and two [4Fe‐4S] iron sulphur clusters. To date, the exact role for Q modification/incorporation in tRNA is unclear, but has been implicated in a number of processes including cancer pathology, ageing and neurological disorders.
Continuous Assembly of Cellulose Nanofibrils and Nanocrystals into Strong Macrofibers through Microfluidic Spinning
Authors: Nechyporchuk Oleksandr , Håkansson Karl M. O. , Gowda.V Krishne , Lundell Fredrik , Hagström Bengt , Köhnke Tobias 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicrofluidic fiber spinning is a promising technique for assembling cellulose nanomaterials into macroscopic fibers. However, its implementation requires upscalabe fabrication processes while maintaining high strength of the fibers, which could not be previously achieved. Herein, a continuous wet spinning process based on microfluidic flow focusing is developed to produce strong fibers from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nanocrystals (CNCs). Fibers with an average breaking tenacity as high as 29.5 cN tex−1 and Young's modulus of 1146 cN tex−1 are reported for the first time, produced from nonhighly purified CNF grades. Using the same developed method, wet spinning of fibers from CNCs is achieved for the first time, reaching an average Young's modulus of 1263 cN tex−1 and a breaking tenacity of 10.6 cN tex−1, thus exhibiting strength twice as high as that of common CNC films. A rather similar stiffness of CNC and CNF spun fibers may originate from similar degrees of alignment, as confirmed by wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and birefringence measurements, whereas lower strength may primarily arise from the shorter length of CNCs compared to that of CNFs. The benefit of CNCs is their higher solids content in the dopes. By combining both CNCs and CNFs, the fiber properties can be tuned.
Phase and Defect Engineering of MoS2 Stabilized in Periodic TiO2 Nanoporous Film for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Guo Limin , Zhong Caifu , Shi Li , Ju Licheng , Wang Xiaohui , Yang Daquan , Bi Ke , Hao Yanan , Yang Yang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPhase and defect engineering of the heterostructured MoS2@TiO2 nanoporous film is investigated to achieve a broad solar spectrum light absorption and high solar water splitting efficiency. The phase transition from the semiconducting 2H‐MoS2 to the metallic 1T‐MoS2 is achieved by a hydrothermal exfoliation treatment. Experimental studies elucidate that the solar water splitting activity is greatly improved by forming 1T‐MoS2 along with increasing S‐vacancies because of the significantly enhanced surface plasmon resonance. The mixed‐phase MoS2@TiO2 film shows a high H2 yield rate of 308 µmol h−1 cm−2 and long‐term durability for 30 h, which is superior to the state‐of‐the‐art catalysts for solar water splitting. This study offers a universal and efficient avenue to rationalize the plasmonic catalysts for solar water splitting and other energy and environmental applications.
A Convenient Synthesis of Sulfones via Light Promoted Coupling of Sodium Sulfinates and Aryl Halides
Authors: Chen Lei , Liang Jie , Chen Zhen‐yu , Chen Jie , Yan Ming , Zhang Xue‐jing 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA convenient and eﬃcient synthesis of sulfones from sulfinates and aryl halides was developed. The reaction occurred under UV irradiation without transition metal catalyst or photocatalyst. A radical pathway via single‐electron transfer (SET) of electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex was proposed based on UV‐vis spectroscopy, radical inhibiting and trapping experiments.magnified image
A Biocatalytic Synthesis of HeteroaromaticN‐Oxides by Whole Cells ofEscherichia coliExpressing the Multicomponent, Soluble Di‐Iron Monooxygenase (SDIMO) PmlABCDEF
Authors: Petkevičius Vytautas , Vaitekūnas Justas , Tauraitė Daiva , Stankevičiūtė Jonita , Šarlauskas Jonas , Čėnas Narimantas , Meškys Rolandas 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAromaticN‐oxides (ArN−OX) are desirable biologically active compounds with a potential for application in pharmacy and agriculture industries. As biocatalysis is making a great impact in organic synthesis, there is still a lack of efficient and convenient enzyme‐based techniques for the production of aromaticN‐oxides. In this study, a recombinant soluble di‐iron monooxygenase (SDIMO) PmlABCDEF overexpressed inEscherichia coliwas showed to produce various aromaticN‐oxides. Out of 98 testedN‐heterocycles, seventy were converted to the correspondingN‐oxides without any side oxidation products. This whole‐cell biocatalyst showed a high activity towards pyridines, pyrazines, and pyrimidines. It was also capable of oxidizing bulkyN‐heterocycles with two or even three aromatic rings. Being entirely biocatalytic, our approach provides an environmentally friendly and mild method for the production of aromaticN‐oxides avoiding the use of strong oxidants, organometallic catalysts, undesirable solvents, or other environment unfriendly reagents.magnified image