bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
zucchero caffettino
Authors: Schweickard Wolfgang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Various hypotheses have been put forward to explain the etymology of Old It. (zucchero) caffettino (Jaffa < Yāfā, cafis < qafīz, Caffa = Feodosia, caffa < qafaṣ, Haifa < Ḥayfā, Kafá < ?, coffa < quffa(h)). All these proposals, however, are unsustainable for reasons of cultural-historical and/or semantic, phonetic and morphological incompatibilities. In reality the etymon is the Arabic nisba adjective of the name of the Egyptian city of Qifṭ (qiftī), which in Medieval times was highly renowned for its sugar production. The Arabic equivalent of zucchero caffettino is as-sukkar al-qiftī. The phonomorphological adaptation of caffettino is absolutely regular (anaptyctical e, gemination f > ff, initial ca- < qi-, final –ī > -ino); the original type qiftī is still reflected by the ancient Italian and Romance variants chafethi, cafeti and cafati.
A Narrow Wall System to Capture Temperature Stress–Strain Behavior in Paste Backfill
Authors: Ting Wee Kiet , Hasan Alsidqi , Sahdi Fauzan , Linda Taib Siti Noor , Sutan Norsuzailina Mohamed , Aziz Badhrulhisham Abdul , Fourie Andy 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Placing mine tailings back into underground mined-out stopes is becoming increasingly used internationally because it improves ore recovery, reduces dilution of valuable ore, and increases environmental benefits due to the reduced size of the storage facilities of surface tailings. In recent years, a number of stopes backfilled with cemented paste backfill have been instrumented with load cells and piezometers to improve our understanding of in situ behavior. Many of these studies have reported results that show increases in measured total stresses when there is no increase in applied load, i.e., even when the backfilling process has been long completed. One explanation is that these stress increases result from expansive volume changes of the backfill as it hydrates and generates heat. This article proposes and describes a novel laboratory apparatus called a narrow wall system to investigate this hypothesis, focusing on modeling narrow stopes as these are relatively common in backfill applications. Results from the experiments agree qualitatively with the reported field observations, showing clear increases in measured pressure during periods of temperature increase. The article concludes that the proposed narrow wall system works effectively and has been able to capture the temperature stress–strain behavior of paste backfill. Thus, the temperature effect hypothesis has now been supported by evidence. Using the system, further studies related to geometrical or scale effects are suggested. The results are important for academics and engineers to improve backfill design in mining operations.
Discrete Element Analysis of Indirect Tensile Test Based on Image Processing with Annular Segmentation and Bimodal Threshold
Authors: Li Xuelian , Liu Xueying , Lv Xinchao , Zhou Yuhao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The discrete element method (DEM) has recently been widely used to analyze the micromechanics behavior of asphalt mixtures. The objective of this study is to present a more accurate image-processing technique to perform an indirect tensile test of asphalt mixture. Cross-sectional images of the specimen were obtained by an X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique. These CT images were processed by annular segmentation combined with bimodal threshold. The image information was transformed to coordinate information by the user-defined program in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). Then, a two-dimensional discrete element model of the indirect tensile test specimen was reconstructed. The indirect tensile test was simulated by the DEM and verified in the laboratory. It was found that this image-processing technology could separate connected or overlapping aggregates and better avoid defects among the aggregates. During the simulation test, the distributed internal forces were gradually concentrated along the loading axis. Four-stage crack initially appeared directly under the loading area and quickly developed along the interface between the aggregate and mortar, mainly along the loading axis. In view of the consistency of the load–displacement curves and crack distribution characteristics in both the simulation and laboratory tests, this numerical method is able to simulate the indirect tensile test.
Nazopalatin kanal ve klinik önemi: Derleme
Authors: Hakbilen Selçuk , Mağat Guldane 
Published: March 2019

Amaç: Premaksilla olarak da adlandırılan anterior
maksilla, diş implantlarının yerleştirilmesi, çapraşık veya süpernümerer
dişlerin cerrahi olarak çıkarılması, periodontal cerrahi, santral dişlerin
apikal rezeksiyonu, kistlerin enükleasyonu, LeFort I osteotomi, cerrahi içeren
hızlı palatal genişleme ve lokal anestezi gibi sıklıkla cerrahi müdahaleler
gerektiren bir alandır. Travmaya veya diş kaybına maruz kalan en yaygın
bölgedir. Anterior maksilla içerisindeki en belirgin anatomik oluşum ise
nazopalatin kanaldır (NPK). Anterior maksiller bölgenin ameliyatı, dental ve
yüz estetiği ile fonksiyonu üzerinde güçlü bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu bölgeyi
içeren cerrahi işlemler, hastaların psikolojik ve sosyolojik sonuçlarıyla
birlikte kişisel görüntüsünü etkileyebilir. Sonuç olarak, cerrahi planlamayı
optimize etmek, bu anatomik bölgedeki lezyonların etiyopatogenezini açıklayabilecek
teorilerin kurulması ve bu bölgedeki muhtemel komplikasyonları (vasküler ve
sinir dallarının olası yaralanmaları) önlemek için NPK’nın pozisyonu,
morfolojisi ve boyutlarının değerlendirilmesi önemlidir. Bu derlemede, NPK’nın
anatomik ve morfometrik özellikleri detaylı olarak incelenecektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Bulgular:Sonuçlar:Anahtar Kelimeler:
Comparison of different universal adhesives’ bond strength to laser-assisted bleached enamel
Authors: Oz Fatma Dilsad , Yazıcı Ayşe Rüya , Atalay Cansu 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
The aim
of this in vitro study was to
evaluate the bond strength of several universal adhesives used in different
application modes to laser-assisted bleached enamel.Materials
and Methods: Freshly
extracted 72 sound bovine incisors were used for the study. The teeth were
bleached with 38% of hydrogen peroxide gel that was activated with a diode
laser (Epic). The diode laser
with a 949nm wavelength was used at 7 W in continuous mode for 30 s. After
bleaching procedure, the teeth were kept in artificial saliva for 2 weeks. The bleached teeth were randomly assigned into three groups according to
different universal adhesive systems (n=24); Single Bond Universal-SU,
All-Bond Universal-ABU and Adhese Universal-ADU. All
adhesives were applied in two modes: a- etch&amp;rinse (ER); and b- self etch
(SE). A cylinder-shaped resin composite was placed on treated surfaces and
cured. After storage of specimen in distilled water for 24 h, they were
subjected to shear bond strength test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA
followed by Bonferroni test (α = 0.05) Results: The
highest mean shear bond strength values were obtained in Single
Bond Universal group used in self-etch mode (p&lt;0.05). No difference was
observed between All-Bond Universal and Adhese Universal. In etch&amp;rinse
application mode, Adhese Universal resulted in significantly lower bond
strength values (p&lt;0.05) than Single Bond Universal and All-Bond Universal. For all groups, etch&amp;rinse application mode caused significantly
higher bond strength values.

Conclusion: The
bonding performance of tested universal adhesives was enhanced with the
etch&amp;rinse mode application to diode
laser- assisted bleached enamel. Key Words: Diode
laser, universal adhesives, bleaching
Identification of a Rat Mammary Tumor Risk Locus That Is Syntenic with the Commonly Amplified 8q12.1 and 8q22.1 Regions in Human Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Plasterer Cody , Tsaih Shirng-Wern , Lemke Angela , Schilling Rebecca , Dwinell Melinda , Rau Andrea , Auer Paul , Rui Hallgeir , Flister Michael J 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBreast cancer risk is 31% heritable, yet the majority of the underlying risk factors remain poorly defined. Here, we used F2-linkage analysis in a rat mammary tumor model to identify a novel 11.2 Mb modifier locus of tumor incidence and burden on rat chromosome 5 (chr5: 15.4 – 26.6 Mb). Genomic and RNA sequencing analysis identified four differentially expressed candidates: TMEM68, IMPAD1, SDCBP, and RBM12B. Analysis of the human syntenic candidate region revealed that SDCBP is in close proximity to a previously reported genetic risk locus for human breast cancer. Moreover, analysis of the candidate genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed that they fall within the commonly amplified 8q12.1 and 8q22.1 regions in human breast cancer patients and are correlated with worse overall survival. Collectively, this study presents novel evidence suggesting that TMEM68, IMPAD1, SDCBP, and RBM12B are potential modifiers of human breast cancer risk and outcome.
El protagonismo de la infancia en las Comisiones de la Verdad: desafíos y retos para el posconflicto en Colombia
Authors: Bácares Camilo 
Published: March 2019

Este texto tiene como objetivo aportar, desde algunas revisiones históricas, políticas y jurídicas, al esclarecimiento de las violencias perpetradas contra los Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes (NNA) que la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento de la Verdad, la Convivencia y la No Repetición (CEV) tiene que realizar por mandato del Decreto 588 de 2017 y lo contenido en el Acuerdo Final para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera. Para ello, aquí se proyecta una lectura comparada de lo hecho en nueve comisiones de la verdad en cuanto a los derechos de la niñez y se proponen tres pautas que le podrían servir a la CEV para que los NNA participen de sus procesos y se logre un informe final diversificado y profundo sobre la situación de la infancia en la guerra colombiana.
“Ser pilo no paga”: privatización, desigualdad y desfinanciamiento de la universidad pública en Colombia
Authors: Mora Andrés Felipe , Múnera Leopoldo 
Published: March 2019

En el segundo gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos, “Ser Pilo Paga” se convirtió en la principal política de acceso de los jóvenes de escasos recursos económicos a la educación universitaria de calidad. El propósito de este documento consiste en exponer los impactos negativos de este programa en materia de privatización, desigualdad y desfinanciamiento de la universidad pública en Colombia. De acuerdo con los objetivos y evolución de “Ser Pilo Paga”, se mostrarán sus límites en términos de (a) la profundización del crédito educativo como dispositivode financiamiento; (b) la concentración de los recursos en las universidades privadas; (c) el debilitamiento financiero de las universidades públicas; (d) la ineficiencia del programa;(e) la reproducción de las desigualdades regionales y de clase social; (f) los riesgos oligopólicos que produce y (g) su incoherencia con respecto a las prácticas de los países que integran la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE). Se concluye insistiendo en la necesidad de establecer un modelo de financiamiento que, atendiendo a principios deuniversalidad, incondicionalidad e individualidad, se comprometa con la defensa de la educación superior como un derecho y bien común.
Democracia comunitaria y configuración de apuestas políticas de gobiernos indígenas en Latinoamérica
Authors: Orrego Bayron 
Published: March 2019

Este artículo presenta un ejercicio comparado de experiencias de gobierno indígena en la configuración de formas de democracia comunitaria a partir de prácticas de gobierno en diferentes niveles de lo territorial en Ecuador y México. Se desarrollan algunos elementos de importancia concernientes al poder, la autonomía y lo comunitario y se explora las posibilidades de las formas comunitarias de democracia más allá de las prácticas de gobierno local en una estructura política y de gobierno de carácter nacional. Se finaliza reflexionando sobre los objetivos y los alcances de las reivindicaciones políticas de las organizaciones indígenas y su participación en el sistema electoral de ambos países.
Homenaje
Authors: Pachón Damián 
Published: March 2019

La obra filosófica de Darío Botero Uribe, filósofo colombiano fallecido en el año 2010, surgió a comienzos de la década de los noventa del siglo pasado en el marco del derrumbe del socialismo real y dentro de la correlativa hegemonía del neoliberalismo, aspecto que puso de presente Fukuyama, pero que cuyas consecuencias en el mundo de la vida social, habían sido puestas de presente por varias de las distintas corrientes llamadas posmodernas. Así las cosas, el Vitalismo Cósmico emergió dentro del contexto de la globalización que se hizo más intensa desde mediados del siglo pasado, esto es, dentro de lo que Debord llamó la “aldea global” o la Disneylandia global como lo dijo Saramago.
Hipnotizőrök archaikus bevonódásának vizsgálata
Authors: Bányai Éva , Józsa Emese , Költő András 
Published: March 2019

Háttér és célkitűzések: Az alany hipnotizőrrel kapcsolatos áttételi érzelmi bevonódását az Archaikus Bevonódási Skálával – ABS(A) lehet vizsgálni. A hipnózis interaktív megközelítése azonban szükségessé teszi, hogy a hipnotizőr archaikus bevonódását is mérni lehessen. A jelen kutatásban az erre a célra általunk kialakított huszonkét tételes hipnotizőri Archaikus Bevonódási Skála – ABS(H) – megbízhatóságát, faktorszerkezetét és a bevonódás intenzitását vizsgáltuk.
Módszer: 22 hipnotizőr összesen 387 alannyal elvégzett kísérleti hipnózisa után az alanyok és hipnotizőreik egyaránt kitöltötték az ABS-t. Az alanyokra és hipnotizőrökre vonatkozó adatok leíró statisztikai elemzése mellett feltáró faktoranalízissel vizsgáltuk az ABS(H) kérdőív szerkezetét. Összevetettük a hipnotizőrök és alanyaik archaikus bevonódásának mértékét, illetve az egyes hipnotizőrök közötti különbségeket.
Eredmények: Az ABS(H) három faktorba szerveződik: Kötődés és pozitív kapcsolat, Gondoskodás és törődésigény, Kontrolligény és félelem a negatív megítéléstől. Az ABS(H) ugyanolyan jó megbízhatóságú, mint az ABS(A). Az alanyok és hipnotizőrök archaikus bevonódása között nem vagy csak alacsony hatásméretű különbséget találtunk. Az egyes hipnotizőrök archaikus bevonódása viszont szignifikáns különbségeket mutatott. Következtetések: Az ABS(H) alkalmas arra, hogy laboratóriumi helyzetben megbízhatóan mérje a hipnotizőrök alannyal kapcsolatos viszontáttételi érzelmeit. Eredményeink arra utalnak, hogy az alanyok hasonló erősségű archaikus bevonódást élnek át különböző hipnotizőrökkel, az egyes hipnotizőrök érzelmi viszonyulása azonban jelentősen eltérhet más-más alannyal végzett laboratóriumi hipnózisok során. Ez a megfigyelés fontos adalékokat szolgáltat a hipnoterápiás kapcsolat jobb megértéséhez is.
CLOSING GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION OR ELIMINATION OF MALE DOMINATION? OCCUPATIONAL GENDER SEGREGATION IN NORTH CYPRUS
Authors: BETON KALMAZ Demet , GÜVEN LİSANİLER Fatma 
Published: March 2019

This
study examines if the low rate of labour force participation of women is the
result of demand constraint which creates gender based occupational segregation
in north Cyprus labour market between years 2004-2014. Standardized D-index is
used to calculate the level of segregation and to decompose and identify the
effect of the changes in the occupational structure of the labour force and the
effect of the changes in the gender composition within the occupations on
segregation index by employing the data collected from (ISCO-88 one-digit)
Household Labour Force Surveys (HLFS) (2004-2014) for nine broad occupational
categories. The purpose is to expand the
body of research on the extent, trends and sources of occupational gender
segregation in the north Cyprus. The results indicate that over the investigated
period occupational gender segregation is salient and persistent. It is found
that the main source of the changes in segregation index is the shifts in
gender composition within occupations. For the investigation of the source of
the segregation index the explanations of human capital and feminist theories
and the ongoing processes, in particular economic and social, that might have
influences on gender segregation are employed. As
a result it is confirmed that demand constraint in north Cyprus leads to low
labour force participation of women through gender based occupational
segregation.
Powder metallurgy in Belarus and global development trends
Authors: Vityaz P. A. , Ilyuschenko A. F. , Savich V. V. 
Published: March 2019

The analysis of trends and prospects for the development of the industry on the materials of European and world congresses of powder metallurgy, publications in leading specialized foreign publications was carried out. The steady growth of the production of powder construction parts for the automotive industry, including using assembly technology during joint sintering, are noted in the developed countries. The production using MIM methods is constantly growing; micro MIM technology has emerged as a separate sub-industry, which allows manufacturing products with a mass of 0,1 g or less. HIP methods found its second wind: with them it became possible to obtain large-sized blanks from corrosion-resistant steels weighing up to 1000 kg, titanium and high-temperature alloys; the post HIPing technology is widely used to improve the quality of products obtained by additive technologies and important castings. With additive technologies, products weighing up to 100 kg are already being manufactured. The authors also formulated their own opinion about the prospects for the development of powder metallurgy in Europe and in the world, determined the development directions of the industry in Belarus and its influence on the development of world powder metallurgy. In particular, new grades of economically alloyed powder steels are developed. They make it possible to reduce the cost of mass structural parts without prejudice to their technical characteristics. For the same purpose, processes combined with hardening of sintering are optimized, and, in contrast to foreign analogues, endogas is used for cooling instead of nitrogen.
Incidence and risk factors of intra uterine fetal death: a retrospective study at a tertiary care centre in Kashmir, India
Authors: Ara Shabnam , Nisar Shazia , Bashir Umrazia 
Published: March 2019

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is the tragic event contributing to high perinatal mortality in developing countries. So many risk factors have been seen associated with IUFD that can be prevented with better antenatal care and timely detection at the earliest so that the prevalence can be decreased. This study was done to identify the risk factors associated with IUFD.Methods: This is a retrospective study from done from March 2017 to March 2018 at skims maternity hospital. IUFD was defined as fetal death beyond 20 weeks of gestation. Records were analyzed and data was compiled.Results: In our study there were total of 2500 deliveries out of which 70 were IUFD. Incidence was 28 per 1000 live births. It was found more common in the age group of 20-29 year (65.71%) %). Preeclampsia was the risk factor in 17.14% of cases , followed by abruption in 11.42% followed by placenta previa in 7.14% of cases. However, 20% of the cases had unidentified risk factor.Conclusions: Present study was an effort to compile common risk factors associated with IUFD at tertiary centre of Kashmir.
Indication and complication of caesarean section at tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Ur Rehman Bilal , Gul Hiba 
Published: March 2019

Background: The incidence of cesarean section is steadily rising. Cesarean delivery has played a major role in lowering both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates. There are various factors involved in the rise of rate of cesarean section like rising incidence of primary cesarean delivery, identification of high-risk pregnancy, wider use of repeat cesarean section, rising rates of induction of labor and failure of induction, no reassuring fetal status etc.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data was collected from patient records of the hospital during 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. All patients (N= 602) who had delivered their baby by caesarean section were included in the study. Data were analyzed by help of SPSS version 21 after proper compilation.Results: Among all women who underwent cesarean section, majority were age group between 21 and 30 years (67.1%). Repeat cesarean section (48.5%), followed by fetal distress (18.9%), oligohydramnias (6.6%) and cephalopelvic disproportion (6.5%) were most common among all major indication of cesarean section. Intrapartum complication (2.0%) includes postpartum hemorrhage (1.2%), CS hysterectomy (0.5%), bladder injury (0.3%) and postpartum complication (2.3%) including UTI (0.8), wound infection (0.5%), sepsis (0.5%), lactation failure (0.5%) were major maternal complication of cesarean section.Conclusions: Reduction of number of primary cesarean section, successful VBAC, individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines can help to keep rate of cesarean section to the possible minimum level.
Evaluation of the activity of hen eggshell graft in experimentally induced mandibular defects in rabbits: pilot study
Authors: Al Anashar Ahmad , Daoud Ali 
Published: March 2019

Background: For the treatment of the cranial and maxillofacial bone defects autogenic and/or allogenic bone grafts and alloplastic materials have been used for a long time. In the last decade, avian eggshell powder has been suggested as a bone substitute candidate in reconstructive surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of particulate hen eggshell grafting on the healing of experimentally induced mandibular defects.Methods: The study was conducted on 10 adult local rabbits. Two cavities of 4mm diameter have been created in the lateral surface of the mandible. One of the cavities was filled with particulate hen eggshell graft (test one), while the other hole was left for normal healing (control one). On the 8 weeks, the rabbits have been sacrificed and defective regions have been extracted.Results: All animals showed normal wound healing. No foreign body reaction was observed, hen eggshell grafts were resorbed, integrated with bone at 8 weeks. There were no differences between control and chicken eggshell groups in new bone formation. At 8 weeks, histological analysis of specimens showed different amounts of woven bone contained osteocytes and covered by lining of osteoblasts.Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that hen eggshell powder is a worth-while bone substitute because it is a safe, cheap, and easily available material.