bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear β‐catenin and CDX2 expression in ovarian endometrioid carcinoma identify patients with favourable outcome
Authors: Wang Linyuan , Rambau Peter F , Kelemen Linda E , Anglesio Michael S , Leung Samuel , Talhouk Aline , Köbel Martin 
Published: October 2018

AimsOvarian endometrioid carcinoma (EC) generally has a good prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy can be spared in low‐stage disease, but prognostic biomarkers are needed to refine the treatment threshold. Wnt/β‐catenin signalling is commonly altered in EC. We examined immunohistochemical expression of nuclear β‐catenin and CDX2 as prognostic biomarkers for EC; both are mediators of the Wnt pathway.Methods and resultsWe evaluated two ovarian EC cohorts, discovery set (n = 183) and validation set (n = 174), with ovarian cancer‐specific survival (OCSS) as the primary end‐point. In univariable analysis, nuclear β‐catenin expression was significantly associated with longer OCSS in the discovery set [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.16–0.74, P = 0.004] and the validation set (HR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.11–0.89, P = 0.006). Similar significant associations were observed with CDX2 expression in the discovery set (HR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.11–0.50, P < 0.001) and validation set (HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.07–0.75, P = 0.020). In multivariable analysis, combined positivity of both markers was significantly associated with longer OCSS in the discovery set (HR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.06–0.49, P < 0.001) and in the validation set (HR = 0.33 95% CI = 0.07–0.1.06, P = 0.047). In a stratified analysis for stage IC/II EC, combined positivity identified a subset of patients with a significantly longer OCSS in the discovery cohort but only a non‐significant trend in the validation cohort.ConclusionsNuclear β‐catenin and CDX2 expression individually or in combination are validated prognostic markers for ovarian EC. However, their full potential to stratify low risk patients at adjuvant threshold awaits further multimarker study.
Cellular profile of primary molars with pulp necrosis after treatment with antibiotic paste
Authors: Moura Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus , Lima Marina de Deus Moura de , Lima Cacilda Castelo Branco , Bandeira Ana Victória Lopes , Moura Marcoeli Silva de , Conde Júnior Airton Mendes , Rizzo Márcia dos Santos 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe interradicular region of primary molars is permeated by many foramina, channels and accessories that connect the pulp cavity with the periapical tissues anatomically. Thus, pulp decomposition products or drugs used in endodontic treatment can trigger inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood cell profile of the alveolar region after extraction of primary molars treated with CTZ paste. Forty‐eight primary molars were selected with clinical and radiographic signs of extraction. The sample was divided into three groups with 16 teeth each: Group 1—healthy teeth; Group 2—untreated decayed teeth; and Group 3—teeth treated with CTZ paste. Immediately after the extraction, blood from the interface of the tooth socket was collected and smears were performed for further evaluation. The slides were stained by the Fast Panoptic® method and analysed by two previously trained examiners who counted the leucocytes in sets of 100 cells/slide, differentiating them into neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils. The data were analysed statistically by the MANOVA test. The blood samples from Group 2 differed significantly from Group 1 samples for all classes of leucocytes, except basophils, with higher average for lymphocytes (62.56), monocytes (7.81) and eosinophils (2.31). For Group 3, there was a relative difference (P < 0.05) to Group 2, of monocytes and eosinophils values. The blood cellularity interface in the tooth socket of primary teeth treated with CTZ paste is similar to those of healthy, exfoliated teeth and physiologically different from untreated decayed teeth.
From composites to factors: Bridging the gap between PLS and covariance‐based structural equation modelling
Authors: Kock Ned 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPartial least squares (PLS) methods possess desirable characteristics that have led to their extensive use in the field of information systems, as well as many other fields, for path analyses with latent variables. Such variables are typically conceptualized as factors in structural equation modelling (SEM). In spite of their desirable characteristics, PLS methods suffer from a fundamental problem: Unlike covariance‐based SEM, they do not deal with factors, but with composites, and as such do not fully account for measurement error. This leads to biased parameters, even as sample sizes grow to infinity. Anchored on a new conceptual foundation, we discuss a method that builds on the consistent PLS technique and that estimates factors, fully accounting for measurement error. We provide evidence that this new method shares the property of statistical consistency with covariance‐based SEM but, like classic PLS methods, has greater statistical power. Moreover, our method provides correlation‐preserving estimates of the factors, which can be used in a variety of other tests. For readers interested in trying it, the new method is implemented in the software WarpPLS. Our detailed discussion should facilitate the implementation of the method in any numeric computing environment, including open source environments such as R and GNU Octave.
Coworker health awareness training: An evaluation
Authors: Oakie Taylor , Smith Nicholas A. , Dimoff Jennifer K. , Kelloway E. Kevin 
Published: October 2018

Mental health issues are extremely common in the developed world, with as many as one in five people experiencing a mental illness every year. There are a host of negative outcomes for both organizations and individuals with mental health problems. One strategy that previous research has shown to be effective in reducing stigma around mental illness in organizations is mental health awareness training (MHAT) for leaders. The aim of the current study was to evaluate a complementary program to the MHAT, the Coworker Health Awareness Training Program (CHAT) for employees. The present study uses a wait‐list control design (N = 40) to test the effectiveness of the CHAT on various outcomes, such as knowledge, stigma, self‐efficacy in recognizing and addressing mental health problems, mental health promotion intentions, and willingness to use resources. Results showed that those employees who were trained with the CHAT displayed increases in knowledge, self‐efficacy, mental health promotion, and willingness to use resources. These results provide support for the effectiveness of the CHAT, and have practical and methodological implications.
Na2TiGeO5—A self‐light‐emitting phosphor with the stable structure and tunable emission resulted from Cr3+‐doped for FEDs
Authors: Wu Quansheng , Hu Zhibiao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor matching the high energy excitation by the low voltage electron beams, the phosphors with stable crystal structure and high energy level excitation band is necessary. In this work, it is interesting to find a suitable phosphor of Na2TiGeO5 with self‐light emitting property. The tight crystal structure of Na2TiGeO5 formed by edge‐shared NaO6 and TO5 polyhedrons corresponds to its good thermal stability and degradation resistance property. The results indicate that the PL and CL intensity can still remain beyond 80% and 90% at 150°C and after 1 hour electron beams bombardment, respectively. Under the 254 nm excitation, the bright blue light peaked at 460 nm can be detected and the light control has been realized with the Cr3+ doped, which changes blue light to cyan light. The high energy excitation is attributed to the charge transfer band (CTB) of Ti4+–O2−, which matches the electron beams. The bright CL emission light centered at 450 nm with good degradation resistance property has been detected. The results indicate its potential application in field emission display (FED)s.
Hepatocyte miR‐33a mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatosteatosis by suppressing NDUFA5
Authors: Nie Hezhongrong , Yu Xiaohong , He Haihong , Zhou Lintao , Li Qing , Song Chunli , Wang Damin , Ren Tingyu , Chen Zeyan , Huang Hanlian , Dai Xiaoyan , Zhou Yiwen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for metabolic haemostasis of liver tissues. Among them, miR‐33a is supposed to modulate the cholesterol export and fatty acid oxidation, but whether miR‐33a involves in the process of fatty liver disease is unclear. To disclose the hypothesis, we utilized miR‐33a mimic and antisense to explore their effects in primary hepatocytes or high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. Treatment with palmitic acid (PA) or HFD significantly increased the expression of miR‐33a in hepatocytes or liver tissues. In primary hepatocytes, miR‐33a mimic decreased mitochondrial function, including reduction of ATP production and oxygen consumption, whereas miR‐33a inhibition protected PA‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, miR‐33a selectively suppressed mitochondrial complex I activity and protein expression, but not other complexes. Through bioinformatics prediction, we found miR‐33a directly targeted on the 3′‐UTR of NDUFA5. Dual‐luciferase reporter analysis further confirmed the direct suppression of miR‐33a on NDUFA5 expression. More importantly, administration of miR‐33a antisense could effectively restore HFD‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction through up‐regulation of NDUFA5 levels. Mice treated with miR‐33a antisense also exhibited improved liver function and structural disorders under obese status. Taken together, miR‐33a was an important mediator of hepatocyte mitochondrial function, and the therapeutic benefits implied miR‐33a antisense had the potential clinical application in combating the fatty liver disease.
Properties of gel formulated from nanoparticles of palm date syrup
Authors: Ma'abreh Ahmad S. , Abu‐Salah Khalid M. , Al‐Awaadh Alhussien M. , Mohamed Abdellatif A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPalm Date syrup was modified by high pressure homogenization (HPH) or double substitution (DS) using acetylation followed by esterification. Corn starch was gelatinized in the presence of Control and modified Date syrups using rapid visco analyzer. HPH reduced 95.3% of the sugar agglomerates mean diameter from 2,599 to 810 nm and 100% of the agglomerates from 5,560 to 2,505 nm for 25 and 45°Brix syrups, respectively. DS reduced 74.1% of the agglomerates to 111.7 nm for 25°Brix. Control and modified syrups behaved as Newtonian fluids. DS significantly increased the viscosity by 52 and 80% at 25 and 45°Brix at 20 °C, respectively. Temperature effect on control and modified syrups was described by Arrhenius model with R2 > 0.98. DS and HPH changed the syrup color, the change can be observed by naked eye. DS significantly reduced the syrup water activity and the pasting properties of the corn starch‐Date syrup system, this change can be used to control the pasting process to get desired product properties such as less water separation from the gel. The stability of nanoparticles formed from HPH can be improved by choosing the right low temperature, percentage of solvent, speed and duration of homogenization.Practical applicationThis work is an attempt to develop the Palm Date industry, it is important to introduce new technologies and added value process, Nanotechnology is one of the growing fields in the area of food science and technology. It has been applied in different fields including the development of new processing tools in the manufacture, the use of Nanotechnology will help to get products with desired properties, such as less water separation through more amylose leaching out and less re‐association of starch molecules. Thus, may open new fields for investing the huge amount of produced Date fruits and Date syrup which is very little invested in the food industry.
Distance from Home Birth to Emergency Obstetric Services and Neonatal Outcomes: A Cohort Study
Authors: Darling Elizabeth K. , Lawford Karen Marie Olsen , Wilson Kathi , Kryzanauskas Michelle , Bourgeault Ivy Lynn 
Published: October 2018

IntroductionLittle is known about the relationship between distance from hospital services and the outcomes of planned home births. We examined whether greater driving distance from a hospital with continuous cesarean capability was associated with a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcome among individuals who were planning to give birth at home.MethodsUsing an intention‐to‐treat analysis, we conducted a population‐based cohort study of 11,869 individuals who planned to give birth at home in Ontario, Canada, between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2015. We used postal codes to determine the driving time from maternal residence to the closest hospital offering level 2 or higher maternity care services (ie, hospital with continuous cesarean birth capability). We used log binomial regression analysis to compare the outcomes of individuals who planned a birth more than a 30‐minute drive from a level 2 hospital with those of individuals whose births were planned to occur within 30 minutes. We adjusted for maternal age, parity, gestational age, season, and maternal material deprivation quintile.ResultsWe found no statistically significant difference in the rates of 5‐minute Apgar scores less than 7 (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.02; 95% CI, 0.95‐1.10; P = .58), perinatal mortality, meconium aspiration syndrome, and emergency medical service usage. Neonates born to individuals who planned to give birth at a greater distance from a hospital had a lower rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission (aRR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.44‐0.81; P = .001).DiscussionWe found no increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes for births that were planned to occur more than 30 minutes from a hospital. Our findings can be considered, along with individual risk factors and contextual factors, in decision making about the choice of home birth for individuals who live more than half an hour from a hospital with cesarean capacity.
Ancillary factors in the treatment of orofacial pain: A topical narrative review
Authors: Melis Marcello , Di Giosia Massimiliano , Colloca Luana 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAncillary factors, not directly related to treatment, often play a significant role by affecting therapeutic outcome. A search of the literature was conducted including words related to the placebo phenomenon and orofacial diseases. Therefore, critical factors have been grouped into three major categories: (a) the natural course of the diseases; (b) the regression of the symptoms to their mean intensity; and (c) placebo response. This topical narrative review describes the elements mentioned above, provides an up‐to‐date overview of the hot topics and gaps in the field and indicates developing and future research direction of the orofacial pain field. Such a knowledge might be positively used during daily clinical practice to optimise the management of orofacial pain diseases, as well as in conducting future clinical trials for validating new interventions.
Developmental Changes and Individual Differences in Trust and Reciprocity in Adolescence
Authors: van de Groep Suzanne , Meuwese Rosa , Zanolie Kiki , Güroğlu Berna , Crone Eveline A. 
Published: October 2018

A Trust Game was used to examine trust and reciprocity development in 12–18‐year‐old‐adolescents (N = 496), as findings have been conflicting and transitions in adolescence remain elusive. Furthermore, this study tested the roles of gender, risk, and individual differences in empathy, impulsivity, and antisocial tendencies in trust and reciprocity. Results indicate stability in trust and a decrease in reciprocity across adolescence, but also show that trust and reciprocity choices were influenced by risk, and that empathy mediated the age‐related decrease in reciprocity. Males trusted more than females, but there were no gender differences in reciprocity. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual differences and adolescents’ sensitivities to varying contexts in explaining trust and reciprocity development in adolescence.
Factors associated with survival in dogs with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Rudinsky Adam J. , Harjes Laura M. , Byron Julie , Chew Dennis J. , Toribio Ramiro E. , Langston Catherine , Parker Valerie J. 
Published: October 2018

Background:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with morbidity and mortality in dogs. Plasma fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23) concentration is an independent predictor of CKD progression and survival in cats and people with CKD.Objectives:To investigate the relationship among FGF‐23, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D metabolites, and other clinical variables with survival time in dogs with CKD.Animals:Twenty‐seven azotemic CKD dogs.Methods:Dogs were recruited prospectively into the study and followed until death or study conclusion. Dogs were International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staged into stage 2 (n = 9), stage 3 (n = 12), and stage 4 (n = 6) CKD. Survival times were calculated from the date of study inclusion. Univariable Cox regression was used to assess variables associated with survival including body condition score (BCS), muscle condition score, hematocrit, creatinine, CKD stage, serum phosphorus, urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC), calcium phosphorus product (CaPP), PTH, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25‐‐dihydroxyvitamin D, and FGF‐23 concentrations.Results:Significant hazard ratios (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval;Pvalue) were as follows: BCS < 4/9 (1.579; 1.003‐2.282;P= .05), muscle atrophy (2.334; 1.352‐4.030;P= .01), increased creatinine (1.383; 1.16‐1.64; .01), hyperphosphatemia (3.20; 1.357‐7.548;P= .005), increased UPC (3.191; 1.310‐7.773;P= .01), increased CaPP (4.092; 1.771‐9.454;P= .003), and increased FGF‐23 (2.609; 1.090‐6.240;P= .05). Survival times for each IRIS CKD stage were significantly different (P= .01).Conclusions and Clinical Importance:Multiple variables, including FGF‐23, were associated with duration of survival in CKD dogs. FGF‐23 could be a prognostic marker in dogs with CKD.
Evolutionary melting pots and reproductive isolation: A ring‐shaped diversification of an odorous frog (Odorrana margaratea) around the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Qiao Liang , Wen Guannan , Qi Yin , Lu Bin , Hu Junhua , Song Zhaobin , Fu Jinzhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractQuaternary climatic oscillations and geography are of primary importance in shaping intraspecific genetic diversity. We examined the diversification patterns and inferred processes for the green odorous frog (Odorrana margaretae) of western China. Species distribution modelling showed that the species has a continuous circular distribution around the Sichuan Basin while the basin itself is largely uninhabitable. Population genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the species has a ring‐shaped divergent pattern. While the chain of populations around the Basin maintains a mostly gradual and continuous genetic variation, populations between the north and west showed little gene exchange. Two processes, glacial refugial history and geography, likely contributed to the observed patterns. Our genetic clustering analysis revealed two clusters, suggesting two refugial groups among the populations, one from the west and the other from the east. Postglacial expansion may have created two contact zones. One at the south had extensive population admixture and produced a gradual transition between the western and eastern populations. Consequently, this region has the highest genetic diversity and represents an evolutionary “melting pot.” In contrast, the second contact zone at the northwestern side of the Basin has limited admixture, suggesting partial reproductive isolation between the northern and western populations. Furthermore, an isolation‐by‐distance analysis revealed a strong correlation (Mantelr = 0.745) between the genetic and geographic distances, when we assumed that populations were connected following the circular distribution without gene flow across theNWcontact zone. We also explored alternative explanations, such as a one‐refugium scenario. With its micro‐ring, the green odorous frog is poised to make an excellent model system for understanding the process of speciation.
Understanding Saudi Arabia's Influence on Pakistan: The Case of the Islamic Military Alliance to Fight Terrorism
Authors: Shahab Ahmed Zahid 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe launch of the Saudi‐led so‐called Islamic Military Alliance to Fight Terrorism (IMAFT) in 2015 tested the strong strategic alliance between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. In light of concerns about the positioning of the coalition of 41 states against Iranian interests in the Middle East, Pakistan's initial response to the Saudi demand to join the war in Yemen was a polite refusal by means of a unanimous decision of the parliament. However, under tremendous pressure from Riyadh and other Gulf States, Islamabad later capitulated and backtracked from its initial decision. This paper analyses the unique nature of the relationship between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia through a dissection of the various dimensions of the Kingdom's cultural and political influence on Pakistan. It also illuminates Saudi hegemonic strategies and the manner in which Islamabad adjusts and is influenced as well as coerced to revise its foreign policy choices. This paper argues that Saudi's diplomatic strategies, political pressure and pledges of generous financial assistance ensured Pakistan's participation in IMAFT.
Bolus volume and viscosity effects on pharyngeal swallowing power—How physiological bolus accommodation affects bolus dynamics
Authors: Sia Isaac , Crary Michael A. , Kairalla John , Carnaby Giselle D. , Sheplak Mark , McCulloch Timothy 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPharyngeal swallowing power (PSP) is a novel measure of pharyngeal bolus‐driving function derived from fluid dynamics principles. This study examined the impact of bolus volume and viscosity on PSP to determine bolus effects on pharyngeal bolus dynamics. The impact of bolus accommodation and physical characteristics of boluses were also explored.MethodsThirty‐four healthy subjects swallowed materials consisting of two bolus volumes (10 and 20 mL) and four bolus viscosities (thin liquid, nectar‐thick liquid, honey‐thick liquid and pudding). High‐resolution impedance manometry was used for data collection. The pharyngeal swallowing mechanism was conceptualized as a hydraulic power system with the UES as a conduit, and PSP was calculated as the product of bolus pressure and flow across the UES. The impact of bolus characteristics on PSP was evaluated using a mixed model approach.Key ResultsBoth bolus volume (F1,32.8 = 412.73, P < 0.0001) and viscosity (F3,84.7 = 28.94, P < 0.0001) were significant predictors of PSP. PSP for 20 mL bolus volume was greater than for 10 mL bolus volume. PSP was lowest in the thin liquid bolus condition and highest in the pudding bolus. All pairwise comparisons among bolus viscosities were significant except between thin liquid and nectar‐thick liquid bolus viscosities. Test of linear trend across bolus viscosities was significant (F1,97.2 = 77.25, P < 0.0001).Conclusions & InferencesPharyngeal swallowing power variation across bolus conditions illustrates bolus‐related changes in bolus dynamics. Bolus effects on PSP likely result from physiological bolus accommodation combined with physical characteristics of boluses.