bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the interaction of anticancer drug temsirolimus with human transferrin: Molecular docking and spectroscopic approach
Authors: Shamsi Anas , Ahmed Azaj , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Husain Fohad Mabood , Amani Samreen , Bano Bilqees 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn our present study, binding between an important anti renal cancer drug temsirolimus and human transferrin (hTF) was investigated employing spectroscopic and molecular docking approach. In the presence of temsirolimus, hyper chromaticity is observed in hTF in UV spectroscopy suggestive of complex formation between hTF and temsirolimus. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the occurrence of quenching in hTF in the presence of temsirolimus implying complex formation taking place between hTF and temsirolimus. Further, the mode of interaction between hTF and temsirolimus was revealed to be static by fluorescence quenching analysis at 3 different temperatures. Binding constant values obtained employing fluorescence spectroscopy depicts strong interaction between hTF and temsirolimus; temsirolimus binds to hTF at 298 K with a binding constant of .32 × 104 M−1 implying the strength of this interaction. The negative Gibbs free energy obtained through quenching experiments is evident of the fact that the binding is spontaneous. CD spectra of hTF also showed a downward shift in the presence of temsirolimus as compared with free hTF implying complex formation between hTF and temsirolimus. Molecular docking was performed with a view to find out which residues are key players in this interaction. The importance of our study stems from the fact it will provide an insight into binding pattern of commonly administered renal cancer drug with an important protein that plays a pivotal role in many physiological processes.
Assay of lovastatin containing dietary supplement by LC‐MS/MS under MRM condition
Authors: Di Donna Leonardo , Bartella Lucia , Napoli Anna , Sindona Giovanni , Mazzotti Fabio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMonacolin K, the active ingredient present in dietary supplement, is a nutraceutical whose health benefits have been widely documented. A fast approach for the assay of lovastatin in both forms, lactone and acid, by mass spectrometry is presented. The quantitative assay is carried out by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry by using the multiple reaction monitoring mode and simvastatin and pravastatin as internal standards. The accuracy values ranged from 97 to 101%; the analytical parameter values of limit of quantitation, limit of detection, recovery, and reproducibility were calculated by analyzing fortified samples, confirming the reliability of the proposed approach.
Gait mechanics and tibiofemoral loading in men of the ACL‐SPORTS randomized control trial
Authors: Capin Jacob J. , Khandha Ashutosh , Zarzycki Ryan , Arundale Amelia J.H. , Ziegler Melissa L. , Manal Kurt , Buchanan Thomas S. , Snyder‐Mackler Lynn 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe risk for post‐traumatic osteoarthritis is elevated after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and may be especially high among individuals with aberrant walking mechanics, such as medial tibiofemoral joint underloading 6 months postoperatively. Rehabilitation training programs have been proposed as one strategy to address aberrant gait mechanics. We developed the anterior cruciate ligament specialized post‐operative return‐to‐sports (ACL‐SPORTS) randomized control trial to test the effect of 10 post‐operative training sessions consisting of strength, agility, plyometric, and secondary prevention exercises (SAPP) or SAPP plus perturbation (SAPP + PERT) training on gait mechanics after ACLR. A total of 40 male athletes (age 23 ± 7 years) after primary ACLR were randomized to SAPP or SAPP + PERT training and tested at three distinct, post‐operative time points: 1) after impairment resolution (Pre‐training); 2) following 10 training sessions (Post‐training); and 3) 2 years after ACLR. Knee kinematic and kinetic variables as well as muscle and joint contact forces were calculated via inverse dynamics and a validated electromyography‐informed musculoskeletal model. There were no significant improvements from Pre‐training to Post‐training in either intervention group. Smaller peak knee flexion angles, extension moments, extensor muscle forces, medial compartment contact forces, and tibiofemoral contact forces were present across group and time, however the magnitude of interlimb differences were generally smaller and likely not meaningful 2 years postoperatively. Neither SAPP nor SAPP + PERT training appears effective at altering gait mechanics in men in the short‐term; however, meaningful gait asymmetries mostly resolved between post‐training and 2 years after ACLR regardless of intervention group. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2364–2372, 2018.
Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Fatty Amine Polyoxyethylene Ether Diethyl Disulfonate for Enhanced Oil Recovery in High‐Temperature and High‐Salinity Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Yan , You Qing , Fang Jichao , Liu Yifei , Gao Mingwei , Fan Hongfu , Dai Caili 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTo enhance oil recovery in high‐temperature and high‐salinity reservoirs, a novel fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether diethyl disulfonate (FPDD) surfactant with excellent interfacial properties was synthesized. The interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle at high temperature and high salinity were systematically investigated using an interface tension meter and a contact angle meter. According to the experimental results, the IFT between crude oil and high‐salinity brine water could reach an ultra‐low value of 10−3 mN m−1 without the aid of extra alkali at 90°C after aging. The FPDD surfactant has strong wettability alternation ability that shifts wettability from oil‐wet to water‐wet. The FPDD surfactant with a high concentration also has good emulsion ability under high‐temperature and high‐salinity conditions. Through this research work, we expect to fill the lack of surfactants for high‐temperature and high‐salinity reservoirs and broaden its great potential application area in enhanced oil recovery.
Multicomponent Reactions for Surface Modification
Authors: Wu Haibo , Gou Yanzi , Wang Jun , Tao Lei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractModification of material surfaces with polymers is an effective method to develop applicable polymer–material composites. Recently, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have found their roles in advanced polymer chemistry and applied in surface modification. In this mini review, recent results of MCRs for surface modification are summarized, including the utilization of MCRs as coupling tools to link polymers on material surfaces, and polymers containing multicomponent structures for surface modification. The unique properties of these polymer–material composites stemming from MCRs are introduced, and the preliminary applications of these composites are also discussed.
Shell‐Sheddable Poly(N‐2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) Polymeric Micelles for Dual‐Sensitive Release of Doxorubicin
Authors: Zhang Jiajing , Tang Hao , Shen Yi , Yu Qingsong , Gan Zhihua 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPoly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) shell‐sheddable micelles are proved to be effective tools for rapid intracellular drug delivery. However, some adverse factors, such as the potential immunogenicity and the accelerated blood clearance, might be accompanied with the traditional PEG sheddable micelles. Here, a poly(N‐2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) (PHPMA) sheddable block copolymer containing disulfide bonds on the main chain is prepared to form pH‐ and reduction‐dual‐responsive micelles. The most optimal synthetic route of the block copolymer is selected from three potential pathways. Doxorubicin is loaded via an acid‐labile hydrazone bond to achieve high drug loading content and to prevent premature drug release. As expected, as‐prepared shell‐sheddable micelles exhibit faster intracellular drug release and more satisfactory in vitro anticancer efficacy than the nonsheddable counterpart did. This design provides a feasible guideline for the efficient synthesis of similar shell‐sheddable micelles consisting of PHPMA coatings.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Loading of Polymeric Multilayer Microcapsules with Rhodamine B
Authors: Ermakov Alexey V. , Inozemtseva Olga A. , Gorin Dmitry A. , Sukhorukov Gleb B. , Belyakov Sergei , Antipina Maria N. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLayer‐by‐layer assembled polymeric multilayer capsules (PMC) of micrometer sizes are permeable for molecules below 1 KDa; therefore, the efficacy of such capsules in the delivery of low molecular weight water soluble bioactive compounds and drugs is frequently challenged. Thermally induced contraction of hollow PMC is explored here to enhance their loading efficacy with model compound, fluorescent rhodamine B (RhB). Four bilayered capsules obtained of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)/polystyrene sulfonate ([PDADMAC/PSS]4) or poly‐l‐arginine/dextran sulfate ([PARG/DS]4) on sacrificial CaCO3 spherical microparticles are postloaded with RhB at ambient or elevated temperatures. The influence of heat on capsule loading is determined quantitatively by varying the amounts of capsules in the batch and keeping the concentration of RhB constant. The applied heat improves the loading efficacy of [PDADMAC/PSS]4 capsules at concentrations up to 2.25 × 109 capsules mL−1, but has a reversed effect on [PARG/DS]4 capsules at all studied concentrations ((0–3.5) × 109 capsules mL−1).
Evaluation of Three Electrical Outputs in an Electro-Immobilization System to Reduce Induction Time during Routine Handling of Fish at a Hatchery
Authors: Nguyen Phong L , Haman Katherine , Carstensen LeeRoy , McKlveen Tori , Cooney Patrick , Gibson Scott 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Tools designed to electrically induce fish immobilization are increasingly being implemented by practitioners for safe and effective fish handling. Currently used methods for electro-immobilizing batches of fish incorporate a period of hyperactivity that serves to reduce spinal injuries in fish. However, like the hyperactive period that is seen in other fish immobilization techniques, it provides a visually unappealing effect and introduces questions surrounding humane animal treatment. In this study, three different electro-immobilization treatments were evaluated for rates and severity of injury as well as time to immobilization to determine ways of reducing the hyperactive period while also maintaining low rates of injury. Tests were conducted in a Smith-Root EA-1000B System on adult summer steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss at the Cowlitz Salmon Hatchery (Salkum, Washington). Treatments included an electrical output setting commonly used at the facility, two experimental electrical outputs, and a chemical anesthetic (MS-222) treatment that served as a control. Efficacy, indicated as time to immobilization, was evaluated among electrical output treatments; humane fish treatment, measured by hemorrhage, spinal injuries, and mortality, was quantified and compared among all treatments. Analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in induction times among electrical treatment groups, which ranged from 14.2 ± 4.9 to 53.4 ± 2.6 s (mean ± 95% CI). Some spinal and hemorrhage injuries were observed in all treatment groups; however, only one electrical treatment had significantly higher (P = 0.003) incidence and severity of injuries compared to the control. Results indicate that hatchery managers can significantly reduce the time needed to immobilize fish while maintaining minimal fish injury rates when using a commercial electro-immobilization system.
Winter-Rearing Temperature Affects Growth Profiles, Age of Maturation, and Smolt-to-Adult Returns for Yearling Summer Chinook Salmon in the Upper Columbia River Basin
Authors: Harstad Deborah L. , Larsen Donald A. , Miller Joseph , Adams Ian , Spangenberg Dina K. , Nance Shelly , Rohrbach Larissa , Murauskas Joshua G. , Beckman Brian R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We assessed the effects of rearing conditions in four hatchery programs from the upper Columbia River basin on the survival and demographics of yearling summer Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha over four release years. Juveniles from each hatchery program were initially reared at Eastbank Hatchery near Wenatchee, Washington, (which uses groundwater for fish rearing) and experienced similar rearing temperatures until their first autumn in culture. Fish that were to be used for two of the programs were subsequently transferred to surface water acclimation sites, where they were reared until release the following spring (surface water winter rearing). Fish to be used for the other two programs were overwintered at the Eastbank Hatchery and then transferred to their acclimation and release sites 1 to 2 months before spring release (groundwater winter rearing). Fish from the two rearing strategies experienced contrasting temperature profiles, which in turn affected winter growth, age at maturation, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAS). Overall, the two release groups that were overwintered in colder surface water experienced reduced winter growth, reduced minijack rate, and smaller size at release, but achieved a two- to threefold higher SAS than did the two release groups overwintered in warmer groundwater at Eastbank Hatchery. In addition, based on migration data compiled from fish tagged with PIT tags, smaller juveniles tended to mature at older age-classes than did larger smolts. We concluded that rearing yearling hatchery summer Chinook Salmon under more natural thermal regimes (surface water) may result in the return of larger, older adults that have a higher survival rate than would fish reared under constant or less natural thermal regimes (ground water). These results highlight the importance of the hatchery-rearing environment in shaping the survival and life history of summer Chinook Salmon juveniles released into the Columbia River basin.
A Riemannian trust‐region method for low‐rank tensor completion
Authors: Heidel Gennadij , Schulz Volker 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe goal of tensor completion is to fill in missing entries of a partially known tensor (possibly including some noise) under a low‐rank constraint. This may be formulated as a least‐squares problem. The set of tensors of a given multilinear rank is known to admit a Riemannian manifold structure; thus, methods of Riemannian optimization are applicable. In our work, we derive the Riemannian Hessian of an objective function on the low‐rank tensor manifolds using the Weingarten map, a concept from differential geometry. We discuss the convergence properties of Riemannian trust‐region methods based on the exact Hessian and standard approximations, both theoretically and numerically. We compare our approach with Riemannian tensor completion methods from recent literature, both in terms of convergence behavior and computational complexity. Our examples include the completion of randomly generated data with and without noise and the recovery of multilinear data from survey statistics.
Leader‐following consensus of multiple uncertain Euler‐Lagrange systems
Authors: Lu Maobin , Liu Lu 
Published: May 2018

SummaryA new adaptive distributed controller is developed for the leader‐following consensus problem of multiple uncertain Euler‐Lagrange systems. A distinct feature of our proposed approach as opposed to the existing ones is that it does not need the exchange of controller's state among the communication network. As a consequence, it not only makes the implementation of the controller much easier but also reduces the communication cost. The effectiveness of the main result is demonstrated by some exemplary applications to cooperative control of multiple two‐link robot arms.
Conclusive Evidence for OCT4 Transcription in Human Cancer Cell Lines: Possible Role of a Small OCT4-Positive Cancer Cell Population
Authors: Miyamoto Tomoyuki , Mizuno Nobuhiko , Kosaka Mitsuko , Fujitani Yoko , Ohno Eiji , Ohtsuka Aiji 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The role of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in human cancer is still debated. Although many studies have been published on human OCT4, determining which of the findings are accurate or which are false-positives is currently challenging. We thus developed the most reliable method to date for highly specific and comprehensive detection of genuine OCT4-transcript variants without false-positive results. Our results provided clear evidence that the transcripts of OCT4A, OCT4B, OCT4B1, and other novel splicing variants are indeed present in many cancer cell lines, but are rarely detected in normal tissue-derived differentiated cells. Using the tagged genomic transgene, we then verified endogenous OCT4A translation in cancer cell subpopulations. Moreover, analysis of possible other protein isoforms by enforced expression of OCT4B variants showed that the B164 isoform, designated human OCT4C, is preferentially produced in a cap-dependent manner. We confirmed that the OCT4C isoform, similar to OCT4A, can transform non-tumorigenic fibroblasts in vitro. Finally, ablation of OCT4-positive cells using promoter-driven diphtheria toxin A in high malignant cancer cells caused a significant decrease in migration and Matrigel invasion. These findings strongly suggest a significant contribution of OCT4 to the phenotype of human cancer cells.
Concise Review: Current Status of Three-Dimensional Organoids as Preclinical Models
Authors: Kaushik Garima , Ponnusamy Moorthy P. , Batra Surinder K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cultures use the property of some cells to self-organize in matrices and generate structures that can be programmed to represent an organ or a pathology. Organoid cultures are the 3D cultivation of source tissue (ranging from cells to tissue fragments) in a support matrix and specialized media that nearly resembles the physiological environment. Depending on the source tissue, growth factors, and inhibitors provided, organoids can be programmed to recapitulate the biology of a system and progression of pathology. Organoids are genetically stable, and genetically amenable, making them very suitable tools to study tissue homeostasis and cancer. In this Review, we focus on providing recent technical advances from published literature to efficiently use organoids as a tool for disease modeling and therapeutics. Also, we discuss stem cell biology principles used to generate multiple organoids and their characteristics, with a brief description of methodology. A major theme of this review is to expand organoid applications to the study disease progression and drug response in different cancers. We also discuss shortcomings, limitations, and advantages of developed 3D cultures, with the rationale behind the methodology.
Logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy: the non-BPS branch
Authors: Castro Alejandra , Godet Victor , Larsen Finn , Zeng Yangwenxiao 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe compute the leading logarithmic correction to black hole entropy on the non-BPS branch of 4D$$ \mathcal{N}\ge 2 $$N≥2supergravity theories. This branch corresponds to finite temperature black holes whose extremal limit does not preserve supersymmetry, such as theD0 −D6 system in string theory. Starting from a black hole in minimal Kaluza-Klein theory, we discuss in detail its embedding into$$ \mathcal{N}=8 $$N=8, 6, 4, 2 supergravity, its spectrum of quadratic fluctuations in all these environments, and the resulting quantum corrections. We find that thec-anomaly vanishes only when$$ \mathcal{N}\ge 6 $$N≥6, in contrast to the BPS branch wherecvanishes for all$$ \mathcal{N}\ge 2 $$N≥2. We briefly discuss potential repercussions this feature could have in a microscopic description of these black holes.
Ghostbusters in f (R) supergravity
Authors: Fujimori Toshiaki , Nitta Muneto , Ohashi Keisuke , Yamada Yusuke 
Published: May 2018

Abstractf(R) supergravity is known to contain a ghost mode associated with higher-derivative terms if it containsRnwithngreater than two. We remove the ghost inf(R) supergravity by introducing auxiliary gauge field to absorb the ghost. We dub this method as the ghostbuster mechanism [1]. We show that the mechanism removes the ghost super-multiplet but also terms includingRnwithn≥ 3, after integrating out auxiliary degrees of freedom. For pure supergravity case, there appears an instability in the resultant scalar potential. We then show that the instability of the scalar potential can be cured by introducing matter couplings in such a way that the system has a stable potential.
Phases and stability of non-uniform black strings
Authors: Emparan Roberto , Luna Raimon , Martínez Marina , Suzuki Ryotaku , Tanabe Kentaro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe construct solutions of non-uniform black strings in dimensions fromD≈ 9 all the way up toD= ∞, and investigate their thermodynamics and dynamical stability. Our approach employs the large-Dperturbative expansion beyond the leading order, including corrections up to 1/D4. Combining both analytical techniques and relatively simple numerical solution of ODEs, we map out the ranges of parameters in which non-uniform black strings exist in each dimension and compute their thermodynamics and quasinormal modes with accuracy. We establish with very good precision the existence of Sorkin’s critical dimension and we prove that not only the thermodynamic stability, but also the dynamic stability of the solutions changes at it.
Largest-chunk strategy for syllable-based segmentation
Authors: DRIENKÓ LÁSZLÓ 
Published: May 2018

abstractWe apply the largest-chunk segmentation algorithm to texts consisting of syllables as smallest units. The algorithm was proposed in Drienkó (2016, 2017a), where it was used for texts considered to have letters/characters as smallest units. The present study investigates whether the largest chunk segmentation strategy can result in higher precision of boundary inference when syllables are processed rather than characters. The algorithm looks for subsequent largest chunks that occur at least twice in the text, where text means a single sequence of characters, without punctuation or spaces. The results are quantified in terms of four precision metrics: Inference Precision, Alignment Precision, Redundancy, and Boundary Variability. We segment CHILDES texts in four languages: English, Hungarian, Mandarin, and Spanish. The data suggest that syllable-based segmentation enhances inference precision. Thus, our experiments (i) provide further support for the possible role of a cognitive largest-chunk segmentation strategy, and (ii) point to the syllable as a more optimal unit for segmentation than the letter/phoneme/character, (iii) in a cross-linguistic context.