bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wave–Current Interaction between Hurricane Matthew Wave Fields and the Gulf Stream
Authors: Hegermiller Christie A. , Warner John C. , Olabarrieta Maitane , Sherwood Christopher R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHurricanes interact with the Gulf Stream in the South Atlantic Bight (SAB) through a wide variety of processes, which are crucial to understand for prediction of open-ocean and coastal hazards during storms. However, it remains unclear how waves are modified by large-scale ocean currents under storm conditions, when waves are aligned with the storm-driven circulation and tightly coupled to the overlying wind field. Hurricane Matthew (2016) impacted the U.S. Southeast coast, causing extensive coastal change due to large waves and elevated water levels. The hurricane traveled on the continental shelf parallel to the SAB coastline, with the right side of the hurricane directly over the Gulf Stream. Using the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport modeling system, we investigate wave–current interaction between Hurricane Matthew and the Gulf Stream. The model simulates ocean currents and waves over a grid encompassing the U.S. East Coast, with varied coupling of the hydrodynamic and wave components to isolate the effect of the currents on the waves, and the effect of the Gulf Stream relative to storm-driven circulation. The Gulf Stream modifies the direction of the storm-driven currents beneath the right side of the hurricane. Waves transitioned from following currents that result in wave lengthening, through negative current gradients that result in wave steepening and dissipation. Wave–current interaction over the Gulf Stream modified maximum coastal total water levels and changed incident wave directions at the coast by up to 20°, with strong implications for the morphodynamic response and stability of the coast to the hurricane.
Sea Surface Temperatures: Seasonal Persistence and Trends
Authors: Gil-Alana Luis A. , Monge Manuel , Romero Rojo María Fátima 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper addresses analysis of the global monthly sea surface temperatures using a reconstructed dataset that goes back to 1884. We use fractional integration methods to examine features such as persistence, seasonality, and time trends in the data. The results show that seasonality is a relevant issue, finding evidence of seasonal unit roots. With the seasonal component removed, persistence is also very significant, and, when looking at the data month by month, evidence of significant linear trends is detected in all cases. According to these results, monthly sea surface temperatures increase by between 0.07° and 0.11°C every 100 years.
Exploring cardiologists’ and oncologists’ exercise recommendation and referral practices
Authors: Leach Heather J , LeBreton Kelli A , Wurz Amanda J , Pergolotti Mackenzi , Braun Barry , Schuster Steven R , Green Patrick 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Exercise is beneficial for individuals who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease or cancer. Healthcare providers are well placed to discuss exercise with their patients, but their referral practices and the content of exercise recommendations remain unclear. Method: Cardiologists and oncologists completed an online survey comprising four closed-ended questions and one open-ended question to assess exercise recommendation and referral practices. Chi-square tests were used to compare the frequency of closed-ended responses, and open-ended responses were coded and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Of the 154 surveys, 58 were returned ( n = 25; 43.1% cardiologists, and n = 33; 56.9% oncologists). Respondents ( Mage = 45.5 ± 11.1) were mostly men (62.1%). The majority of cardiologists (95.8%) and oncologists (78.1%) reported referring patients to hospital-based exercise programmes. In this study, the cardiologists were more likely to refer patients to certified exercise physiologists (χ2(1) = 6.140, p = .021), whereas oncologists were more likely to refer to physical therapists (χ2(1) = 11.764, p = .001). Conclusion: Findings reveal that cardiologists and oncologists discussed and recommended exercise to their patients at least some or most of the time; there were differences in the type of exercise professionals they were referred to; and exercise recommendations were variable and infrequently concurred with established guidelines.
The Association between Industry Payments and Brand‐Name Prescriptions in Otolaryngologists
Authors: Morse Elliot , Hanna Jonathan , Mehra Saral 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo associate pharmaceutical industry payments to brand‐name prescriptions by otolaryngologists.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis.SettingOpen Payments Database and the Medicare Part D Participant User File 2013‐2016.Subjects and MethodsWe identified otolaryngologists receiving nonresearch industry payments and prescribing to Medicare Part D recipients. Records were linked by physician name and state. The value of industry payments and the percentage of brand‐name drugs prescribed per hospital referral region (HRR) were characterized as medians. Industry payments were correlated to the rate of brand‐name prescription by Kendall’s τ correlation. This was repeated at the individual physician level and stratified by payment type.ResultsIn total, 8167 otolaryngologists received a median of $434 (interquartile range, $138‐$1278) in industry compensation over 11 (3‐26) payments. Brand‐name drugs made up a median of 12.9% (8.6%‐18‐4%) of each physician’s drug claims. The number (τ = 0.05, P <. 001) and dollar amount (τ = 0.04, P <. 001) of industry payments were correlated with the rate of brand‐name drug prescription at the individual physician level. The number of industry payments was also associated with the rate of brand‐name prescription by HRR (τ = 0.14, P <. 001), but the dollar amount was not. By HRR, food and beverage payments received by physicians were associated with the rate of brand‐name drug prescription (τ = 0.04, P <. 001), but travel and lodging payments were not.ConclusionsIndustry financial transactions are associated with brand‐name drug prescriptions in otolaryngologists, and these associations are stronger at the regional level than at the individual physician level. These correlations are of modest strength and should be interpreted cautiously by readers.
Clinical significance of plasma free DNA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ma Lanxiang , Du Jie , Sui Yongjie , Wang Shuili 
Published: September 2019

Objectives Plasma free DNA is a promising new tumor biomarker, which may have applications in clinical diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Plasma free DNA was collected from 120 healthy controls and 116 patients with NSCLC before and after treatment. Results The mean plasma free DNA levels in 116 NSCLC patients (200.70 ± 88.54 ng/mL) were higher than those of 120 healthy controls (18.65 ± 6.30 ng/mL). Further analysis showed that the mean serum free DNA level in stage I/II NSCLC patients was 172.75 ± 72.87 ng/mL, significantly lower than that of stage III/IV patients (221.88 ± 93.86 ng/mL). Following surgery and effective chemotherapy, the plasma free DNA levels of NSCLC patients decreased significantly. Conclusions Through quantitation of plasma free DNA, this study established proof-of-concept for a highly sensitive and specific detection method, which can be used for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring in NSCLC patients.
The incidence and risk of infusion phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters: A meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Luyu , Zhang Jiaqian 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Phlebitis is a common complication associated with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheter use and to identify risk factors for phlebitis development. Method: Literature survey was conducted in electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid, and PubMed), and studies were included if they used peripheral intravenous catheter for therapeutic or volumetric infusion and reported phlebitis incidence rates. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to obtain overall and subgroup phlebitis incidence rates and odds ratio between males and females in phlebitis incidence. Results: Thirty-five studies were included (20,697 catheters used for 15,791 patients; age 57.1 years (95% confidence interval: 55.0, 59.2); 53.9% males (95% confidence interval: 42.3, 65.5)). Incidence of phlebitis was 30.7 per 100 catheters (95% confidence interval: 27.2, 34.2). Incidence of severe phlebitis was 3.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.7%, 4.6%). Incidence of phlebitis was higher in non-intervened (30% (95% confidence interval: 27%, 33%)) than in intervened (21% (95% confidence interval: 15%, 27%)) groups, and with Teflon (33% (95% confidence interval: 25%, 41%)) than Vialon (27% (95% confidence interval: 21%, 32%)) cannula use. Odds of developing phlebitis was significantly higher in females (odds ratio = 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.93); p = 0.02). Longer dwelling time, antibiotics infusion, female gender, forearm insertion, infectious disease, and Teflon catheter are important risk factors for phlebitis development identified by the included studies. Conclusion: Incidence of phlebitis with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters during infusion is 31%. Severe phlebitis develops in 4% of all patients. Risk of phlebitis development can be reduced by adapting appropriate interventions.
Liver retinol estimated by13C-retinol isotope dilution at 7 versus 14 days in Burkinabe schoolchildren
Authors: Bationo Jean F , Zeba Augustin N , Coulibaly Nadine D , Sheftel Jesse , Davis Christopher R , N Bassole Imael H , Barro Nicolas , Ouedraogo Jean B , Tanumihardjo Sherry A 
Published: September 2019

Vitamin A status assessment is not straightforward. Retinol isotope dilution (RID) testing requires time for the tracer dose to mix with the total body stores of vitamin A (TBS). Researchers are interested in shortening the time interval between tracer administration and follow-up blood draws, and in re-examining current assumptions about liver mass for calculation of total liver vitamin A reserves (TLR, in µmol/g liver). Schoolchildren (aged 7–12 years; n = 72) were recruited from one school in Burkina Faso. After a baseline blood draw, 1.0 µmol [14,15]-13C2-retinyl acetate was administered to estimate TBS and TLR by retinol isotope dilution with follow-up blood samples at days 7 and 14. Correlations were determined to evaluate if sampling at day 7 could be used to predict TLR compared with day 14. Liver mass was estimated using body surface area and compared with the currently used assumption of liver weight equivalent to 3% of body weight. (This trial was registered at Pan African Clinical Trial Registry: PACTR201702001947398). Liver mass calculated using body surface area did not differ from the standard assumption of 3% of body weight and yielded similar TLR values. The children in this study had mean TLR (0.67 ± 0.35 µmol/g) in the adequate range, while serum retinol concentrations (0.92 ± 0.33 µmol/L) predicted 25% vitamin A deficiency. TLR values at seven days were highly correlated with, but significantly different from day 14 ( P <  0.0001, r =  0.85) and needed a correction factor added to the equation to yield equivalency. Blood drawing at day 7, using correction factors in the prediction equation and the current assumption of liver mass as 3% of body weight, can be used to estimate TLR in schoolchildren with adequate vitamin A status in13C2-RID applications, but further investigations are needed to verify the seven-day predictive equation.Impact statementBiomarkers of vitamin A status that reflect the gold standard, i.e. liver biopsy, are available but undergoing refinement to increase accessibility in community-based applications. Retinol isotope dilution testing is one such biomarker. Researchers are interested in decreasing the length of time between isotope administration and follow-up blood draws. This study compared a 7-day blood draw with a 14-day sample. With the simple addition of a correction factor to the prediction equation, the values for total body vitamin A stores were similar, but variation increased with increasing liver reserves. The assumption of 3% of body weight as liver weight in school-aged children was also investigated and confirmed as appropriate in the calculation for total liver vitamin A reserves. Simplifying isotope dilution for population evaluation and building capacity for mass spectrometry analyses are important areas of nutrition development to inform public health programs.
Venous leak and erectile dysfunction – an important differential
Authors: Kaba Rahim , Pearce Ian 
Published: September 2019

Congenital venous leak or veno-occlusive dysfunction is an important cause of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction, posing a significant challenge to urologists. To date no medical therapy exists for the treatment of this condition, whilst surgical management options are based on resection or ligation of the offending venous drainage with a significant decline in efficacy with follow-up exceeding 12 months, perhaps as a consequence of collateral drainage. This review article highlights the importance of veno-occlusive dysfunction. We discuss the pathophysiology, investigations and the required treatment. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
PHILOS plate versus nonoperative treatment in 2-, 3-, and 4-part proximal humeral fractures: Comparison with healthy control subjects
Authors: Çaliskan Emrah , Doğan Özgür 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: There is no consensus in the literature on nonoperative treatment of displaced and multipart fractures of proximal humerus as those are normally treated operatively. Our aim was to compare the functional results of nonoperative management and open reduction internal fixation with the proximal humerus internal locking system of 2-, 3-, and 4-part proximal humerus fractures, among themselves and with a healthy control group. Methods: Between 2014 and 2018, 92 proximal humerus fractures constituting a nonoperative group ( n = 47) and an operative group ( n = 45) together with healthy control subjects ( n = 45) were analyzed in a tertiary care referral center. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score were used for subjective functional analysis. Range of motion and muscle strength were analyzed objectively for all patients and healthy control subjects. Results: In 2-part fractures, VAS scores and hand grip strength were determined as lower in the nonoperative group ( p = 0.033 and p = 0.034, respectively). In 3- and 4-part fractures, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of ASES and VAS scores. Patients who underwent surgery had more muscle strength than those in the nonoperative group, but only arm extensor and forearm flexor muscle strengths were statistically significant for 3-part fractures. In cases of 4-part fractures, objective functional results were similar between the two groups. Conclusions: With insufficient functional results and high complication rates in surgery, nonoperative management is still the preferred choice for proximal humerus fractures, especially in case of multipart fractures.
Incomplete atypical femoral fractures after bisphosphonate use in postmenopausal women
Authors: Canbek Umut , Akgun Ulas , Soylemez Deniz , Canbek Tugba Dubektas , Aydogan Nevres Hurriyet 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of incomplete atypical femoral fractures (iAFFs) in postmenopausal women using bisphosphonates and to investigate the potential risk factors for the development of iAFF. Methods: The national health-care records system indicated that 2746 postmenopausal women in our region aged ≥50 years were taking bisphosphonates. Using an assumed iAFF prevalence of 10% and levels of 5% α significance and ±5% precision, we calculated that a sample size of 132 participants was needed for this study. The patients were randomly selected and invited to the hospital. Radiographs and bone scans were used to evaluate each patient for iAFF. Bone mineral density, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase measurements were performed. Results: The mean age of the study population was 72.79 ± 7.35 years, and the mean duration of bisphosphonate use was 7.7 ± 3.4 years. We found iAFF in 14 (10.6%) patients, and 3 patients had bilateral involvement. Of the 17 femurs with iAFF, a proximal third location was seen in 2 patients (11.8%), a mid-third location in 14 (82.4%), and a distal third location in 1 (5.9%). The duration of bisphosphonate use was longer, and parathyroid hormone levels were higher in patients with iAFF compared to those without an incomplete fracture. Conclusion: We found a relatively higher prevalence of iAFF in postmenopausal women using bisphosphonate. Early identification and treatment of iAFF is crucial for reducing potential patient morbidity and hospital costs.
Dynamics of structural polysaccharides deposition on the plasma-membrane surface of plant protoplasts during cell wall regeneration
Authors: Tagawa Satomi , Yamagishi Yusuke , Watanabe Ugai , Funada Ryo , Kondo Tetsuo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this study, dynamic changes in structural polysaccharide deposition on the plasma membrane and cortical microtubules (CMTs) behavior were monitored in protoplasts isolated from white birch callus using confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. We focused on the influence of an environmental stimulus on cell wall regeneration in protoplasts by employing an acidic culture medium containing a high concentration of Ca2+(the stress condition). Under the non-stress condition, cellulose microfibrils and callose were initially synthesized, and thereafter deposited on the plasma membrane as “primary cell wall material”. Under the stress condition, callose micro-sized fibers were secreted without cell wall regeneration. Behavior of CMTs labeled with mammalian microtubule-associated protein 4 with green fluorescent protein in transgenic protoplasts was monitored by time-lapse video analysis. Under the non-stress condition, CMTs behavior showed a linear arrangement at a fixed position, whereas unfixed manner of CMTs behavior was observed under the stress condition. These findings indicate that excessive Ca2+affects cellulose synthesis and CMTs dynamics in plant protoplasts. Current study first demonstrated dynamics of cell wall regeneration and CMTs in woody protoplast, which provides novel insight to aid in understanding early stages of primary cell wall formation in plants.
Correction to: Assessment of intratumor immune-microenvironment in colorectal cancers with extranodal extension of nodal metastases
Authors: Fassan Matteo , Vianello Luca , Sacchi Diana , Fanelli Giuseppe N. , Munari Giada , Scarpa Marco , Cappellesso Rocco , Loupakis Fotios , Lanza Cristiano , Salmaso Roberta , Mescoli Claudia , Valeri Nicola , Agostini Marco , D’Angelo Edoardo , Lonardi Sara , Pucciarelli Salvatore , Veronese Nicola , Luchini Claudio , Rugge Massimo 
Published: September 2019

Following publication of the original article [1], it has been brought to our attention that an incorrect Sequenom MassArray trace and an incorrect nomenclature were used to represent the PIK3CA p.E545A mutation in Fig. 2b. The correct Fig. 2b is shown in this erratum. The authors apologize for the confusion.
Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines gene polymorphisms and malaria in Mangaluru, India
Authors: Gai Prabhanjan P. , van Loon Welmoed , Siegert Konrad , Wedam Jakob , Kulkarni Suyamindra S. , Rasalkar Rashmi , Boloor Archith , Kumar Arun , Jain Animesh , Mahabala Chakrapani , Baliga Shantaram , Devi Rajeshwari , Shenoy Damodara , Gai Pramod , Mockenhaupt Frank P. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Duffy blood group antigens serve as receptors for Plasmodium vivax invasion into erythrocytes, and they are determined by polymorphisms of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), also known as Fy glycoprotein (FY). Duffy negativity, i.e., absence of the antigens, protects against P. vivax infection and is rare among non-African populations. However, data on DARC polymorphisms and their impact on Plasmodium infection in India are scarce.

Methods
In a case–control study among 909 malaria patients and 909 healthy community controls in Mangaluru, southwestern India, DARC polymorphisms T-33C (rs2814778), G125A (rs12075), C265T (rs34599082), and G298A (rs13962) were genotyped. Associations of the polymorphisms with the odds of malaria, parasite species and manifestation were assessed.

Results
Among patients, vivax malaria (70%) predominated over falciparum malaria (9%) and mixed species infections (21%). DARC T-33C was absent and C265T was rare (1%). FYB carriage (deduced from DARC G125A) was not associated with the risk of malaria per se but it protected against severe falciparum malaria (P = 0.03), and hospitalization (P = 0.006) due to falciparum malaria. Vice versa, carriage of DARC 298A was associated with increased odds of malaria (aOR, 1.46 (1.07–1.99), P = 0.015) and vivax malaria (aOR, 1.60 (1.14–2.22), P = 0.006) and with several reported symptoms and findings of the patients.

Conclusion
This report from southern India is the first to show an independent effect of the DARC 298A polymorphism on the risk of malaria. Functional studies are required to understand the underlying mechanism. Moreover, FYB carriage appears to protect against severe falciparum malaria in southern India.
Transcriptome analysis of Plasmodium berghei during exo-erythrocytic development
Authors: Caldelari Reto , Dogga Sunil , Schmid Marc W. , Franke-Fayard Blandine , Janse Chris J. , Soldati-Favre Dominique , Heussler Volker 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe complex life cycle of malaria parasites requires well-orchestrated stage specific gene expression. In the vertebrate host the parasites grow and multiply by schizogony in two different environments: within erythrocytes and within hepatocytes. Whereas erythrocytic parasites are well-studied in this respect, relatively little is known about the exo-erythrocytic stages.MethodsIn an attempt to fill this gap, genome wide RNA-seq analyses of various exo-erythrocytic stages ofPlasmodium bergheiincluding sporozoites, samples from a time-course of liver stage development and detached cells were performed. These latter contain infectious merozoites and represent the final step in exo-erythrocytic development.ResultsThe analysis represents the complete transcriptome of the entire life cycle ofP. bergheiparasites with temporal detailed analysis of the liver stage allowing comparison of gene expression across the progression of the life cycle. These RNA-seq data from different developmental stages were used to cluster genes with similar expression profiles, in order to infer their functions. A comparison with published data from other parasite stages confirmed stage-specific gene expression and revealed numerous genes that are expressed differentially in blood and exo-erythrocytic stages. One of the most exo-erythrocytic stage-specific genes was PBANKA_1003900, which has previously been annotated as a “gametocyte specific protein”. The promoter of this gene drove high GFP expression in exo-erythrocytic stages, confirming its expression profile seen by RNA-seq.ConclusionsThe comparative analysis of the genome wide mRNA expression profiles of erythrocytic and different exo-erythrocytic stages could be used to improve the understanding of gene regulation inPlasmodiumparasites and can be used to model exo-erythrocytic stage metabolic networks toward the identification of differences in metabolic processes during schizogony in erythrocytes and hepatocytes.