bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Specular Image‐Based Lighting Based on BRDF Major Axis Sampling
Authors: Cocco Giovanni , Zanni Cédric , Chermain Xavier 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnisotropic specular appearances are ubiquitous in the environment: brushed stainless steel pans, kettles, elevator walls, fur, or scratched plastics. Real‐time rendering of these materials with image‐based lighting is challenging due to the complex shape of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). We propose an anisotropic specular image‐based lighting method that can serve as a drop‐in replacement for the standard bent normal technique [Rev11]. Our method yields more realistic results with a 50% increase in computation time of the previous technique, using the same high dynamic range (HDR) preintegrated environment image. We use several environment samples positioned along the major axis of the specular microfacet BRDF. We derive an analytic formula to determine the two closest and two farthest points from the reflected direction on an approximation of the BRDF confidence region boundary. The two farthest points define the BRDF major axis, while the two closest points are used to approximate the BRDF width. The environment level of detail is derived from the BRDF width and the distance between the samples. We extensively compare our method with the bent normal technique and the ground truth using the GGX specular BRDF.
Line‐Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Psoriasis With Histopathology Correlation
Authors: Verzì Anna Elisa , Lacarrubba Francesco , Musumeci Maria Letizia , Caltabiano Rosario , Micali Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTLine‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) is a novel imaging technique for in vivo examination of the skin that has recently been introduced in the dermatologic armamentarium of non‐invasive diagnostic tools. Its usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of some neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious skin conditions has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the LC‐OCT features of psoriasis in a large number of psoriatic plaques along with their histopathologic correlation. In this retrospective study, the LC‐OCT and the corresponding histopathologic images of 100 psoriatic plaques of the trunk, upper and lower arms from 60 patients that underwent both procedures were evaluated and correlated. The following microscopic findings, typical of plaque psoriasis, were observed at both LC‐OCT and histopathology: hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis and vascular changes, Munro microabscesses, and pustules of Kogoj. The LC‐OCT findings perfectly matched with histopathology. Our study confirms the usefulness of this new imaging technique in the non‐invasive visualization of the common diagnostic clues of psoriasis.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated With Iatrogenic Interleukin 17A Blockade: A Report of Two Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Magro Cynthia M. , Crowson Neil , Kalomeris Taylor , Nuovo Gerard 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare necrotizing neutrophilic dermatosis driven by monokines and cytokines elaborated by monocytes and autoreactive T cells, respectively. Th1‐mediated autoimmune disorders and myeloproliferative disease are among the potential disease associations. More recently, certain medications were implicated, including TNF‐alpha inhibitors, rituximab, and IL‐17A inhibitors, such as secukinumab, where the development of PG is held to represent a cutaneous immune adverse effect. We present two patients who developed an autoinflammatory syndrome resembling PG in the setting of drug therapy with agents exhibiting an IL‐17A inhibitory effect. The drugs were erunumab in one and secukinumab in the other. One patient received the anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide targeted therapy, erenumab, for migraine prophylaxis. While this drug has not been previously implicated in the development of PG, it can cause IL‐17A blockade. The other patient was on secukinumab, a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets IL‐17A. We documented a microenvironment enriched in IL‐17A, emphasizing that the blockade impacts the functionality of the receptor as opposed to a quantitative reduction in IL‐17A production by T cells. Qualitative functional IL‐17A blockade could result in a paradoxical increase in IL‐23, a pro‐inflammatory cytokine that may contribute to the influx of neutrophils pathogenetically implicated in PG.
Predictors of school attendance among children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh
Authors: Al Imam Mahmudul Hassan , Jahan Israt , Perrins Genevieve , Muhit Mohammad , Badawi Nadia , Khandaker Gulam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo determine school attendance and its predictors among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Bangladesh using population‐based data.MethodThis study utilized data from the Bangladesh Cerebral Palsy Register (BCPR), a population‐based register of children with CP aged less than 18 years in Bangladesh. Sociodemographic, clinical, and educational data were documented, and descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify potential predictors of school attendance.ResultsBetween January 2015 and January 2019, 2725 children with CP were registered into BCPR of which 1582 were school‐aged children (i.e. aged 6–18 years). The majority of those children had not attended school (73.9%); 50% (n = 239) children in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I to II did not attend schools. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) showed significantly higher odds of school attendance among children whose mothers had completed secondary education or higher (adjusted OR: 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–4.0) and received rehabilitation (adjusted OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4–3.1). Conversely, lower odds of school attendance were observed among children aged 15 to 18 years (adjusted OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0.8), those with bilateral CP (adjusted OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.8), GMFCS levels III to V (adjusted OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2–0.5), Manual Ability Classification System levels III to V (adjusted OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4–0.8), and speech impairment (adjusted OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2–0.6).InterpretationA large number of children with CP in Bangladesh, including half of those with milder forms, do not attend schools. These findings underscore a deficiency in awareness and support, encompassing the provision of resources and trained teachers, highlighting the necessity for policy‐level changes. Sociodemographic and clinical predictors should be taken into account when devising educational programmes to enhance school attendance for children with CP in Bangladesh.
Comparison of ultrasound scanning and clinical examination for detecting insulin injection related Lipohypertrophy and construction of Lipohypertrophy classification table
Authors: Xu Hongmei , Cheng Zhengnan , Li Xiaohui , Mu Chun , Bao Di , Xing Qiuling 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore an cost‐effective, convenient method for lipohypertrophy (LH) detection with a high detection rate, and to construct a classification table for LH, so as to provide reference for LH screening and management.MethodsFrom December 2021 to November 2022, 395 hospitalized patients with diabetes from a Tianjin tertiary hospital were enrolled. The LH was detected through ultrasound scanning (USS), structured visual palpation (SVP), and ordinary visual palpation (OVP), and the detection rates were compared. A classification table for LH (LH‐LNT table) was constructed based on SVP characteristics.ResultsUnder USS, SVP, and OVP, the detection of LH was 89.6%, 78.0%, and 66.6% respectively, with site detection at 92.3%, 71.2%, and 57.8% respectively, showcasing statistically significant differences among the three methods. SVP had a lower misdiagnosis rate than OVP, with upper arm and thighs being common misdiagnosed sites. LH was mostly found in the lower abdomen, flat, and soft on palpation. L1N2T1 (two soft LH on abdomen) was the main type, accounting for 35.4%.ConclusionsSVP is useful for detecting LH and deserves clinical promotion. The LH‐LNT table constructed here effectively summarizes patient LH status, aiding doctor‐nurse–patient communication.
Recovering Anticolonialism as an Intellectual and Political Project in Education
Authors: Zembylas Michalinos 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this essay, Michalinos Zembylas revisits the tension between decolonization and other social justice projects in education scholarship, focusing in particular on the arguments for and against the notion of decolonization as land return. While different colonized communities are justifiably projecting their own political priorities in struggles against specific colonial forms of domination, Zembylas argues that education as scholarship and practice would be well served to recover the anticolonial as a shared intellectual and political project for understanding the different practices and experiences of resistance to colonialism and imperialism around the world. Anticolonial thought and praxis offer education scholars, activists, and practitioners an intellectual and political framework of connectivity and anticolonial solidarity that neither erases differences between decolonization and other political projects, nor fails to foreground community building between fields, approaches, and geographical regions. Instead of seeing different political projects as competing against one another — e.g., by considering social justice projects that do not prioritize land return as misguided or misplaced — anticolonialism seeks to theorize and act against a broad range of colonial practices and by‐products that include racism, militarism, resources exploitation, land dispossession, and so on.
Small Streams Support Beta Diversity in Neotropical Fish Assemblages in the Upper Paraná River Basin
Authors: Córdova Junior Renner Fernando da Silva , Ferreira Fabiane Silva , Pinho Henrique Lopes Ledo , Minillo Alessandro , Kashiwaqui Elaine Antoniassi Luiz , Súarez Yzel Rondon 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTVariation in species composition along an environmental gradient (β‐diversity) can inform our understanding of biodiversity patterns and species composition. Beta diversity can be partitioned into species contributions to beta diversity (SCBD) and local contributions to beta diversity (LCBD). While SCBD describes the variations in species composition among samples, LCBD measures the uniqueness of a biological community within a larger ecosystem. Recently developed metrics enabled the estimation of species contribution to total beta diversity (SCBD) and the contribution of individual sites to total beta diversity (LCBD). Utilising these metrics, a one‐time survey of 275 sampling points within four sub‐basins of the Upper Paraná River Hydrographic Basin (low‐flow streams, < 5 m3/s) was conducted to assess fish community composition. Our results show that limnological influences at different scales contribute to higher LCBD. However, land use and species richness were not directly linked to this outcome, suggesting that sites with fewer fish species along sub‐basins contributed to higher beta diversity. It was concluded that beta diversity is more influenced by limnological characteristics and the position of sampling sites along the longitudinal gradient than that based on variations in species composition (SCBD). Moreover, high LCBD values were even found in portions of the gradient with lower species richness. This means that small streams in the sub‐basins of the upper Paraná River are unique and are comprised of varied habitats that contribute to increasing diversity. As such, they should be seen as a target in the development of environmental policies designed to conserve their pristine condition.
From Glory to Decline: Uncovering Causes of Oak Decline in Iran
Authors: Jamali Samad , Haack Robert A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTOak decline is a major concern in Iran. A literature search with the terms ‘Iran’ AND ‘oak’ OR ‘Quercus’ from 1963 through 2023 resulted in 635 articles with over 200 dealing specifically with oak decline. In Iran, oak decline is most severe in the Zagros forests, followed by the Arasbaran and Hyrcanian forests. Of Iran's 11 native oak species, Quercus brantii is the most affected. Several factors have been identified as contributing to oak decline in Iran. Some economic and social factors include high rural unemployment, livestock overgrazing and uncontrolled cutting of live tree branches with the wood used for firewood and foliage used as food for farm animals. These pruning wounds can serve as entry points for pathogens and attract insects. Important abiotic factors included extended drought, increasing air temperature and wind speed, and increased levels of airborne dust and heavy metals. Important pathogens identified in the early 2000s included Armillaria mellea and charcoal rot fungus (Biscogniauxia mediterranea). More recently, many other fungal pathogens (e.g., Discula quercina, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Obolarina persica, Paecilomyces formosus and Phaeoacremonium tuscanicum) and bacterial pathogens (e.g., Bacillus pumilus, Brenneria goodwinii, Gibbsiella quercinecans, Rahnella victoriana and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were found in association with declining oaks. Among the insects, severe oak defoliation has resulted from various Lepidoptera in the families Erebidae, Geometridae and Tortricidae. Similarly, several bark‐ and wood‐boring beetles in the families Buprestidae and Cerambycidae were reported from declining oaks, with the buprestid Agrilus hastulifer being one of the most common. It is hoped that this review will improve our understanding of the many factors involved in oak decline in Iran and promote the development of management strategies.
Effectiveness of a New Broadrick Flag Support for Assisting Students With the Design of an Occlusal Plane
Authors: Gerard Faustine , Dehurtevent Marion , Chai Feng , Zamorski Nathalia , Lefevre Claude 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveProsthetic restorations require functional occlusal planes to ensure therapeutic success. The purpose of the present study was to develop a new Broadrick flag support for a semi‐adjustable articulator and to investigate the effectiveness of occlusal planes drawn using the Broadrick flag method by inexperienced practitioners in complex situations such as skeletal class II relationships associated with edentulous areas.MéthodologyThe Broadrick flag support was designed and manufactured by the additive technique and was adapted to the Quick Master articulator. The QR code of the manufacturing file of the Broadrick flag support is accessible to any practitioner. Thirty‐seven third‐year students (inexperienced practitioners) were randomised into two groups for drawing occlusal planes on two models either with or without the Broadrick flag method. A prosthodontic professor (experienced practitioner) drew occlusal planes on the models to serve as references. Each model was analysed using a standardised method to measure the distances between the occlusal planes drawn by experienced and inexperienced practitioners.RésultsOnly the distance measured for the right second molar of the first model with the Broadrick flag method was significantly shorter than those measured without using this method (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test). Visual observations showed that only the second molar drawings of the inexperienced practitioners were above the drawings of the experienced practitioner.ConclusionThe Broadrick flag method helped inexperienced practitioners to draw occlusal planes of models in complex skeletal class II relationships associated with edentulous areas with natural teeth located both anterior and posterior to them.
Social Media in Oral Health Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Apel Zuzanna , Fagundes Nathalia Carolina Fernandes , Sharmin Nazlee , Nassar Usama , Gow Gordon , Apel Dominic , Perez Arnaldo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe literature on the use of social media in oral health education has grown in recent years; however, the research activity on this topic has not been comprehensibly summarised. This scoping review aimed to map the available literature on students' and faculty's use of social media in oral health education across the platforms.MethodsThis review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extensions for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR). Seven databases were searched to include literature until October 2023. Studies were included if they were published in English and focused on using social media in oral health education. Two independent reviewers screened for article eligibility and extracted the relevant data.ResultsThe review included 40 articles published between January 2008 and October 2023. Most studies used quantitative approaches, did not specify the study design, were noninterventional and reported on undergraduate dental students' use of social media. Included studies centred on patterns of use, views and actual effectiveness of social media. YouTube emerged as the most frequently used platform, followed by Podcast, Facebook and WhatsApp.ConclusionsThe use of social media in oral health education was found to be useful based on direct and indirect outcome measures. However, robust research designs are required to further evaluate the impact of social media on oral health education.
The Network Structure of School Principal Resilience: Gender Differences
Authors: Chen Junjun , Toprak Mustafa , Karakus Mehmet , Kouhsari Masoumeh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe ability of school principals to demonstrate resilience enables them to effectively lead, adapt and thrive amidst the ever‐changing landscape of educational challenges and transformations. Despite its necessity, research on principal resilience remains largely underdeveloped and is still in its early stages. The current study aims to fill this gap using network analysis to examine the inter‐structural principal resilience network and gender differences in terms of network estimation, centrality indices, network stability and network comparison using a sample of 1274 principals from China. The results reveal a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic network and gender effects on school principal resilience at the dimension and item levels. It is noted that social resilience exhibits the highest strength, indicating the critical importance of social support networks and relationships. The gender analysis indicated that spiritual resilience emerged as a central dimension in the resilience network of female principals, while emotional and psychological resilience was the central dimension in the resilience network of male principals. This study advances the conceptual and practical understandings of school principal resilience by examining the interactions among different dimensions and items, thereby contributing to the maturity of knowledge production and intervention efforts in the field.
Language Development Opportunities in Curricular and Trade Books: A Content Analysis
Authors: Gibbs Anna S. , Reed Deborah K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis content analysis explored children's fictional storybooks and informational science books to determine their differences in high‐quality text features that support oral language (OL) development. We also explored the opportunities for OL development in curricular books compared to trade books. Using systematic coding procedures, we evaluated the genre, vocabulary, syntactic variety, supportive visuals and cultural sensitivity in books from three kindergarten and Grade 1 reading curricula (n = 521) as well as a sample of commercially‐available trade books (n = 48). Descriptive information was averaged to determine the percentage of high‐quality text features included in each book type and genre. Results indicated that informational science trade books offered more opportunities for rich language experiences than their curricular counterparts or any of the fictional books. Thus, there is reason to believe that informational science trade books with high‐quality text features may promote OL development and enhance the learning of young students.
Exploring the Effects of Artificial Intelligence Application on EFL Students' Academic Engagement and Emotional Experiences: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Guo Yumeng , Wang Yongliang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs artificial intelligence (AI) gains prominence, its integration into second language (L2) /foreign language (FL) instruction has become a significant trend. Despite the considerable promise of AI for L2/FL learning, more research is still needed on its effects on student academic engagement in literature classes and the corresponding emotional experiences. This study, therefore, aimed to examine the effects of AI use on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' academic engagement, and the emotional experience was also qualitatively explored. Students were allocated to the experimental group (N = 48), who received instruction integrated with AI, and the control group (N = 48), who received traditional instruction without AI assistance. Quantitative data were collected using an FL engagement scale, supplemented by individual semi‐structured interviews in the qualitative phase. The results indicated that integrating AI into EFL instruction has a positive effect on students' cognitive, emotional and social engagement. Moreover, the learners' emotional experiences were found to be abundant and dynamic, exerting influence on their academic engagement. This study provides valuable insights for language educators and researchers regarding integrating AI into EFL instruction.
Moving the Debate Forward: A Cross‐Sectional Study Examining Marxist and Interactionalist Perspectives of Emotional Labor in Teaching
Authors: Tsang Kwok Kuen , Zhang Ying , Li Guanyu , Song Huan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Marxist perspective asserts that teachers' emotional labor is alienating because it is prescribed by institutional forces such as external accountability, leading to burnout. However, the interactionist perspective disagrees with this perspective; it posits that teachers possess subjectivity, such as a sense of calling, which enables them to intentionally manage their emotions to achieve self‐actualization. Thus, this study aims to contribute to the debate by examining the relationships amongst teachers' emotional labor, external accountability, sense of calling, and burnout in China. The findings reveal (1) a negative relationship between external accountability and burnout that is mediated by various forms of emotional labor and (2) a significant moderation effect of a sense of calling on the relationship between external accountability and emotional labor. The findings generally support the internationalist perspective but show that the Marxist perspective may be applicable in explaining emotional labor amongst teachers with a weak sense of calling.