bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagen de la infancia e idea de la educación en la guerra de España (1936-1939)
Authors: Rubio Mayoral Juan Luis , Trigueros Gordillo Guadalupe 
Published: June 2018

Esta investigación tiene por objeto valorar la integración de la fotografía como fuente primaria documental. Se aplica al estudio de la relación establecida entre la imagen de la infancia y la idea de la educación durante el período 1936-1940 para determinar sus limitaciones y desarrollar procesos de interpretación rigurosos que permitan una óptima integración de la información generada en la escritura de la historia. El método de estudio aplica un modelo integrador en el que se manejan bases científicas y principios de análisis interdisciplinar que hacen posible cristalizar un procedimiento de síntesis. Para interpretar el contenido de la imagen fotográfica, se parte de la formulación de problemas de investigación cuya resolución enriquece el conocimiento del pasado a la vez que moldea una idea más completa de la realidad que fue. La imagen de la educación proyectada por ambas facciones en conflicto, generó una idea que sin duda debe ser contrastada con la realidad a partir de los hechos y evidencias documentales existentes. Entre ellas, los reportajes fotográficos e imágenes que captaron la infancia durante la guerra de España. Su agrupación, selección y estudio se completa con el empleo que se hizo de su imagen en el Pabellón Español (Paris, 1937) para constatar la intencionalidad con que fueron construidos los discursos gráficos sobre la idea de la infancia y de la educación en función de los intereses y principios en defensa de su propia idea de revolución por cada uno de los bandos y grupos inmersos en el conflicto civil.
Incertidumbre laboral y salud mental: una revisión meta-analítica de las consecuencias del trabajo precario en trastornos mentales
Authors: Llosa-Fernández José Antonio , Menéndez-Espina Sara , Agulló-Tomás Esteban , Rodríguez-Suárez Julio 
Published: June 2018

<p>Faced with the growing instability resulting from the world economic crisis, job insecurity gains relevance in the study of occupational health. In order to analyse the consequences of job insecurity on mental health, a reference document is provided including the empirical research advances in the current framework. This systematic review follows a meta-analytical technique through 56 independent samples with 53,405 participants in total.<em> </em>The analysis offers a significant correlation between subjective job insecurity and mental health. Thus, it has been found that job insecurity is related to the risk or presence of depression, anxiety and emotional exhaustion, as well as to general low satisfaction with life, international comparisons are made, and negative results among workers regardless of the economic situation of the countries are highlighted, too. Moreover, methodological and conceptual contributions have been made in terms of the quality of the metrics applied. Job insecurity appears as a major problem for workers’ mental health, generating devastating effects on all kind of professional profiles and economic contexts. </p>
Emotional Intelligence and its role in Cognitive Flexibility of Children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Amin Yazdi Seyed Amir , Moshirian Farahi Seyedeh Maryam , Moshirian Farahi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Hosseini Javad 
Published: June 2018

<p class="AbstractText">The aim of this study was to compare role of emotional intelligence in cognitive flexibility of children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Participants were 20 children (mean age = 10.25, SD = 2.12) with ADHD and 30 normal children (mean age = 10.96, SD = 1.32) that all of they were boy. All participants completed the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Schutte et al., 1998) and the classic Stroop test, as a measure of cognitive flexibility. ADHD children performed poorer on both measures than non-ADHD children. And emotional intelligence predictors of cognitive flexibility in two groups. Overall, in children with attention deficit – hyperactivity disorder there are low performance of emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility.</p>
Relationship among sociodemographic and sport variables, exercise dependence, and burnout: a preliminary study in athletes
Authors: Reche Cristina , De Francisco Cristina , Martínez-Rodríguez Alejandro , Ros-Martínez Almudena 
Published: June 2018

<p align="left">The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of exercise dependence and athlete burnout and their relationship between them and among demographic and sport characteristics in 449 athletes, 320 males and 129 females (Age: <em>M</em>= 19.71, <em>SD</em>= 6.62). All of them replied the Spanish versions of Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) and reduced version of Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). The results showed a risk of exercise dependence in 8.7% of the athletes, with statistically significant differences in age (a greater exercise dependence was found in athletes under the age of 18 years old), not in gender, sport dedication and type of sport. Regarding burnout, measured through its three dimensions, the data showed 4% for emotional/physical exhaustion (EFE) and 4.9% for sport devaluation (SD) and reduced sense of accomplishment (RSA). Men and team-sport athletes showed a greater RSA. Men and athletes over the age of 18 also showed more DS. As for sport dedication, participants who spent less time training had higher levels of RSA, whereas those who dedicated more time, had higher levels of EFE. Finally, the relationship between exercise dependence and burnout showed that all dimensions of burnout correlated positively with exercise dependence. </p>
Évaluation du Plan d’action en santé mentale (2005-2015) : intégration et performance des réseaux de services
Authors: Fleury Marie-Josée , Grenier Guy , Bamvita Jean-Marie , Vallée Catherine , Farand Lambert , Chiocchio François 
Published: June 2018

Cet article présente les résultats d’un programme de recherche visant à : 1) évaluer l’implantation de la réforme en santé mentale (SM) et ses facteurs favorisant ou entravant dans 11 réseaux locaux de services et la performance d’équipe en SM ; 2) cerner dans quatre réseaux les processus influençant la qualité des services d’équipe ; 3) analyser dans ces mêmes réseaux les effets des structures et des processus d’équipe sur les usagers. Les objectifs de la réforme en SM n’ont été que partiellement atteints dans les réseaux. Les résultats montrent qu’une plus grande utilisation d’outils et d’approches cliniques et des interactions fréquentes entre les équipes et les organisations améliorent la performance. De même, divers processus d’équipe comme l’autonomie, la participation aux processus décisionnels et le partage des connaissances incitent à la performance des professionnels et à la qualité des services. L’intensité des besoins des usagers réduit la capacité des services à répondre aux besoins. Enfin, le rétablissement et la qualité de vie sont fortement corrélés à la continuité et à la diversité des services offerts. Différentes recommandations sont formulées afin d’améliorer les services dont la promotion de cultures organisationnelles plus orientées sur les résultats et la collaboration, le soutien et la formation des professionnels sur l’intégration de pratiques basées sur les données probantes, l’augmentation de l’autonomie des professionnels et leur implication dans les décisions, ainsi que la formalisation de stratégies d’intégration. Enfin, un soutien biopsychosocial diversifié et continu d’intensité variable est recommandé pour améliorer le rétablissement et la qualité de vie des usagers.
Attachement amoureux, symptômes dépressifs et comportements suicidaires en contexte de rupture amoureuse
Authors: Brassard Audrey , St-Laurent Dubé Marianne , Gehl Kristin , Lecomte Tania 
Published: June 2018

Les ruptures amoureuses et les divorces sont de plus en plus fréquents en Occident. La rupture d’une relation amoureuse est une épreuve difficile qui génère une détresse émotionnelle importante. Certains individus vivant une rupture peuvent même poser un geste suicidaire. Le lien entre la rupture amoureuse et le comportement suicidaire est bien documenté, mais d’autres facteurs de risque sont moins connus. La présente étude a investigué le rôle des insécurités d’attachement amoureux (anxiété d’abandon, évitement de l’intimité) dans la survenue des symptômes dépressifs et des comportements suicidaires (pensées et tentatives) à la suite d’une rupture. Pour ce faire, 50 adultes ayant vécu une rupture amoureuse dans les six derniers mois ont été recrutés auprès d’organismes d’aide ainsi que dans la communauté. Un doctorant formé en crise suicidaire a administré verbalement des échelles validées d’attachement amoureux, de symptômes dépressifs et de comportements suicidaires lors d’une entrevue individuelle. Les résultats des analyses de régression multiple ont montré que l’anxiété d’abandon des adultes vivant une rupture est liée à davantage de symptômes dépressifs, ainsi qu’à la sévérité et l’intensité des idées suicidaires. Ces effets demeurent lorsque l’utilisation du réseau social est contrôlée. L’évitement de l’intimité n’est pas lié à ces variables. Des pistes d’évaluation et d’intervention sont proposées.
A Prediction Model for the 40‐Year Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis in Adolescent Men
Authors: Magnusson Karin , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Timpka Simon , Englund Martin 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo simplify the previously published Nottingham 12‐year risk prediction model for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and examine whether it can be used to predict the 40‐year risk of knee OA in young men.MethodsOur cohort included 40,118 men who were 18 years of age and had undergone military conscription in Sweden from 1969 to 1970. Diagnostic OA codes were obtained from the Swedish National Patient Register for persons registered from 1987 to 2010. The original Nottingham model included as predictors age, sex, body mass index (BMI), knee injury, occupational risk, and family history of OA, with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.61–0.79) in the model development sample, and AUC 0.60 (95% CI 0.58–0.63) in an external validation sample. In our sample, we used predictors that were available only in adolescence (age, BMI, and knee injury) and evaluated the discrimination of the simplified model using AUC.ResultsThe AUC statistic of the modified knee OA model to predict 40‐year risk was 0.60 (95% CI 0.59–0.61). Hence, using the reduced model, an 18‐year‐old man with a BMI of 30 and a knee injury would have 3 times the risk of developing knee OA within 40 years when compared to a man of similar age having a BMI of 25 and no knee injury (predicted risks 22% and 7%, respectively).ConclusionThe 40‐year risk of knee OA on individual and population levels can be predicted in 18‐year‐olds from a few easily measured covariates with moderate discrimination. The discrimination of this simplified model based on data available in adolescents was comparable to that of the full Nottingham model in middle‐aged individuals.
Association Between Nailfold Capillary Density and Pulmonary and Cardiac Involvement in Medium to Longstanding Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Authors: Barth Zoltan , Schwartz Thomas , Flatø Berit , Aaløkken Trond M. , Koller Akos , Lund May B. , Sjaastad Ivar , Sanner Helga 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo explore the associations between microvascular abnormalities as assessed by nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) and pulmonary and cardiac involvement in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM) who are assessed after medium‐ to long‐term follow‐up.MethodsFifty‐eight patients with juvenile DM were examined a mean ± SD of 17.0 ± 10.6 years after symptom onset. Nailfold capillary density (NCD) and a neovascular pattern (defined as an active or late scleroderma pattern) were analyzed, with blinding to clinical data. Pulmonary involvement was assessed by pulmonary function tests including spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco), and body plethysmography. High‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was also performed. Cardiac involvement was assessed by electrocardiography, Holter monitoring (heart rate variability), and echocardiography.ResultsPatients with low NCD (<6 capillaries/mm) (n = 21), compared to patients with normal NCD (≥6 capillaries/mm) (n = 37) had lower forced vital capacity (89.7% versus 98.5% predicted), total lung capacity (87.8% versus 94.5% predicted), and more often had low DLco values (15 [71%] of 21 patients versus 14 [38%] of 37 controls) (all P < 0.05). Use of HRCT to assess airway disease was more frequent in the group with low NCD (6 [30%] of 20 patients versus 3 [8%] of 36 patients in the normal NCD group; P = 0.034). No associations between NCD and cardiac parameters or between neovascular pattern and pulmonary or cardiac parameters were observed.ConclusionIn patients with juvenile DM, low NCD was associated with lung involvement, which was mostly subclinical. No significant associations with cardiac involvement were observed. These results shed light on possible mechanisms underlying organ involvement, but further and preferably larger studies are needed to identify NCD as a potential biomarker for lung and cardiac involvement in juvenile DM.
Hyperporous Sponge Interconnected by Hierarchical Carbon Nanotubes as a High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Wang Yunsong , Wang Zhipeng , Chen Yijun , Zhang Hui , Yousaf Muhammad , Wu Huaisheng , Zou Mingchu , Cao Anyuan , Han Ray P. S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRecently, commercial graphite and other carbon‐based materials have shown promising properties as the anode for potassium‐ion batteries. A fundamental problem related to those carbon electrodes, significant volume expansion, and structural instability/collapsing caused by cyclic K‐ion intercalation, remains unsolved and severely limits further development and applications of K‐ion batteries. Here, a multiwalled hierarchical carbon nanotube (HCNT) is reported to address the issue, and a reversible specific capacity of 232 mAh g−1, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability for 500 cycles are achieved. The key structure of the HCNTs consists of an inner CNT with dense‐stacked graphitic walls and a loose‐stacked outer CNT with more disordered walls, and individual HCNTs are further interconnected into a hyperporous bulk sponge with huge macropore volume, high conductivity, and tunable modulus. It is discovered that the inner dense‐CNT serves as a robust skeleton, and collectively, the outer loose‐CNT is beneficial for K‐ion accommodation; meanwhile the hyperporous sponge facilitates reaction kinetics and offers stable surface capacitive behavior. The hierarchical carbon nanotube structure has great potential in developing high‐performance and stable‐structure electrodes for next generation K and other metal‐ion batteries.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Tertiary α‐Aryl Oxindoles via Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Protonation. An Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Investigation
Authors: Biosca Maria , Jackson Mark , Magre Marc , Pàmies Oscar , Norrby Per‐Ola , Diéguez Montserrat , Guiry Patrick J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe have developed the first catalytic asymmetric preparation of sterically hindered tertiary α‐aryl oxindoles via enantioselective palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative protonation of the corresponding α‐aryl‐β‐amido allyl esters. The reaction occurs under very mild conditions and in short reaction times, providing excellent yields and promising enantioselectivities (ee's up to 78%). We have also performed an experimental investigation of the reaction mechanism and employed theoretical calculations to understand the nature of the enantioselectivity‐determining step.magnified image
Back to Basics: Protection From Surgical Smoke
Authors: Spruce Lisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSurgical smoke is formed when energy‐generating devices (ie, electrosurgery units, lasers, powered instruments) raise the intracellular temperature of tissue to at least 100º C (212º F), causing tissue vaporization in the form of surgical smoke. Surgical smoke contains components that are known health hazards, such as benzene, toluene, hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, viruses, and bacteria. There have been case reports of human disease tied to the inhalation of surgical smoke; therefore, it is important for perioperative team members to minimize their exposure and patient exposure. In spite of the health risks, many perioperative departments do not consistently and effectively evacuate surgical smoke. This Back to Basics article provides basic steps that perioperative team members can take to protect themselves and their patients from the harm caused by surgical smoke exposure.
Establishing a Successful Outpatient Joint Arthroplasty Program
Authors: Register Jennifer L. , Head Priscilla J. , Orteneau Germain 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMany surgical procedures are performed in outpatient settings, and outpatient joint replacements are one of the emerging trends in orthopedics. Rising consumer demand for value‐driven health care, new technology, and pain management advancements, and more physicians training in minimally invasive surgical techniques during their residency have driven this change. When a facility is considering the establishment of an outpatient joint arthroplasty program, leaders must take into consideration the outcomes data from the facility's current joint arthroplasty program. Additional factors in establishing a successful outpatient program include careful patient selection, preoperative patient education, the presence of a case manager, and specialized protocols and techniques.
Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis
Authors: Sreih Antoine G. , Ezzedine Rana , Leng Lin , Fan Juan , Yao Jie , Reid Duncan , Piecychna Marta , Carette Simon , Cuthbertson David , Dellaripa Paul , Hoffman Gary S. , Khalidi Nader A. , Koening Curry L. , Langford Carol A. , Mahr Alfred , McAlear Carol A. , Maksimowicz‐Mckinnon Kathleen , Monach Paul A. , Seo Philip , Specks Ulrich , St.Clair E. William , Stone John H. , Ytterberg Steven R. , Edberg Jeffrey , Merkel Peter A. , Bucala Richard 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the association between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promoter polymorphisms and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in human subjects, and to assess the role of MIF in a murine model of granulomatous vasculitis.MethodsThe human study involved 1,077 patients with GPA and healthy controls whose serum was genotyped by capillary electrophoresis for the MIF −794 CATT5−8 promoter microsatellite (rs5844572). MIF promoter, CATT‐length–dependent gene expression in response to β‐glucan was assessed by gene reporter assays. In mouse studies, granulomatous disease was induced by injection of Candida albicans β‐glucan into wild‐type (WT) or Mif‐knockout (Mif‐KO) C57BL/6 mice and C57BL/6 mice transgenically overexpressing Mif in lung epithelium (Mif lung–Tg2.1). Mice were treated with a neutralizing anti‐MIF antibody and analyzed for the density of pulmonary granulomas, expression of inflammatory chemokines, and frequency of mortality.ResultsThe percentage of human subjects carrying >5 CATT repeats in each MIF allele (high genotypic MIF expressers) was 60.2% among patients with GPA and 53.9% among healthy controls (adjusted P = 0.049). In response to granulomatous stimulation, human MIF gene expression increased proportionally with CATT length. Mif lung–Tg2.1 mice exhibited more pulmonary granulomas than WT mice, which in turn showed more granulomas than Mif‐KO mice. A significantly higher percentage of Mif lung–Tg2.1 mice, compared to Mif‐KO or WT mice, died when injected with Candida albicans β‐glucan, and treatment of these mice with an anti‐MIF monoclonal antibody protected against a lethal outcome. Levels of MIF‐dependent neutrophil/macrophage chemokines were elevated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or plasma of Mif lung–Tg2.1 mice.ConclusionPatients with GPA have an increased frequency of high MIF expression CATT alleles. Higher Mif expression increases the incidence of mortality and pulmonary granulomas in Mif lung–Tg2.1 mice, while anti‐MIF treatment protects these mice against death. Blockade of MIF in high genotypic MIF expressers may therefore offer a selective pharmacologic therapy for GPA.
Sterically Crowded Trianglimines—Synthesis, Structure, Solid‐State Self‐Assembly, and Unexpected Chiroptical Properties
Authors: Prusinowska Natalia , Bardziński Mateusz , Janiak Agnieszka , Skowronek Paweł , Kwit Marcin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe chiral, triangular‐shape hexaimine macrocycles (trianglimines), bearing bulky alkynyl or aryl substituents were synthesized and studied by means of experimental and theoretical methods. The macrocyclization reactions are driven by the extraordinary stability of the trianglimine ring and provided products with high yields. Electrostatic repulsion between imine nitrogen atoms and the substituents forced ananticonformation of the aromatic linkers. Although the DFT‐optimized structure of7isD3symmetrical, in the crystal, the macrocycle adopts a bowl‐like molecular shape. The macrocycle self‐assembles into tail‐to‐tail dimers by mutual interdigitation of aromatic moieties. In contrast, macrocycle8adopts a rigid pillararene‐like conformation. The nature of the substituent significantly affects the electronic properties of the linker. As a result, unexpectedly high exciton Cotton effects are observed in the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The origin of these effects was subject of an in‐depth study.
The pivotal role of DNA methylation in the radio‐sensitivity of tumor radiotherapy
Authors: Zhu Xueru , Wang Yiting , Tan Li , Fu Xiaolong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRadiotherapy is an important modality for treatment of carcinomas; however, radio‐resistance is still a difficult problem. Aberrant epigenetic alterations play an important role in cancer development. Among epigenetic parameters, DNA methylation has arguably attracted the most attention in the radio‐resistance process. To determine the role of DNA methylation in radiation resistance, several studies were conducted. We summarized previous studies on the role of DNA methylation in radiotherapy. We observed this significant role of DNA methylation in genes related to DNA repair, cell proliferation, cell cycle process, and re‐oxygenation. Furtherly, we also conclude the predictive effect of DNA methylation on tumor radio‐sensitivity and the using of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in clinical practice. DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the radio‐sensitivity of tumor radio‐therapy. While hyper‐methylation or hypo‐methylation of genes is related to gene functions.