bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the End‐to‐End Protection in E‐Voting Using BVM—Blockchain‐Based E‐Voting Mechanism
Authors: Gupta Sweta , Gupta Kamlesh Kumar , Shukla Piyush Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTVoting has always been a crucial topic of public attention for democratic reasons. The ease of use and low cost are the result of e‐voting being frequently used for such important decision outcomes. However, the tremendous authority and intervening data in current e‐voting systems make it risky and difficult to achieve correct equity and clarity in e‐voting. So, by combining e‐voting with blockchain technology, these issues can be resolved while providing reorganization and intervention‐resistant characteristics. A voter's improper manipulation, frequent voting, or non‐party voting, may also undermine fairness. A verifier is therefore required to check the e‐voting mechanism in order to ensure its effectiveness and control the process equality and fairness. In this paper, a Blockchain‐based e‐Voting Mechanism (BVM) is developed for providing the end to end security and fairness for transparent voting. This mechanism also provides a zero‐knowledge proof (ZP) based verifier to inspect the voting procedure against voter's mis‐operations and uses a novel Improved Master‐key Administration (IMA) based public key cryptography to attack prevention. The utilization of blockchain technology ensures transparency, anonymity, confidentiality, authentication, tamper resistance, and a high level of data integrity, making it a promising choice for modernizing and enhancing the electoral process. Also, the performance of BVM has been compared with similar voting mechanisms and analyzed based on time complexity, security analysis, performance factors like delay and throughput, and anti‐attack examination.
Unravelling the Structure of One‐Electron Oxidation Products of Model Peptide Backbones Containing Methionine by IRMPD Spectroscopy: The Effect of the Neighbouring Groups
Authors: Jiang Yining , Clavaguéra Carine , Lecouvey Marc , Houée‐Levin Chantal , Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Scuderi Debora 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA series of Methionine (Met) derivatives, where either the amino group and/or the carboxylic acid group is blocked by acetyl and/or methyl ester functionalities, has been investigated by Collision Induced Dissociation‐tandem mass spectrometry (CID‐MS2) and Infrared Multiple Photon Dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy. The CID‐MS2 experiments were performed using a Fourier‐transform ion‐cyclotron‐resonance (FT‐ICR) mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The IRMPD spectra were recorded employing a Paul type ion‐trap coupled with the free‐electron laser (FEL) FELIX in the fingerprint region from 600 to 2000 cm−1. We show that the oxidation of the methionine residue with protected terminal groups induces the formation of a sulfoxide function. However, compared to the IRMPD spectrum of protonated methionine and methionine sulfoxide, significant spectral differences are observed in the spectra of model protected peptide backbones containing methionine. DFT calculations show that protonation occurs on the sulfoxide group in the gas phase for these model peptide backbones containing methionine, shifting the diagnostic signature of the sulfoxide group from 1000 to 862 cm−1.
5‐Hydroxymethyl Furfural Oxidation by Perylene Diimide‐Sensitized Electrodes Boosted by Photoinduced Doping
Authors: Marchini Edoardo , Carli Stefano , Barboni Davide , Catani Martina , Cavazzini Alberto , Caramori Stefano , Berardi Serena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe explored the electrochemical behavior of antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO) and perylene diimide (PDI)‐sensitized ATO (ATO‐PDI) for the (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO) mediated conversion of 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a value‐added substrate for alternative polymer synthesis. We first showed that ATO displayed good electrocatalytic properties towards TEMPO, affording a quasi‐reversible response with a heterogeneous rate constant on the order of 2×10−4 cm s−1. We then evaluated the performance of ATO under exhaustive electrolysis of HMF in basic aqueous electrolyte, reaching 80 % Faradaic Efficiency (FE) for FDCA production. Interestingly, a significantly enhanced current (up to 2.5 mA cm−2) was recorded over time when ATO‐PDI was exposed to prolonged visible illumination in a Dye‐Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cell (DSPEC) configuration, which we ascribed to the photoinduced doping of ATO resulting from the oxidative quenching of PDI excited states. The proposed system enabled the production of FDCA with ca. 75 % FE in <2 h reaction time, and an almost quantitative HMF conversion when both the mono‐ and di‐acid products were considered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a molecular dye‐sensitized interface used for the TEMPO‐mediated oxidation of HMF.
Enhanced Charge Transfer in Poly(Heptazine Imide) Synergistically Induced by Donor‐Acceptor Motifs and Ohmic Junctions for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Qin , Yang Ran , Ma Zhanzhen , Liu Sirui , Li Di , Tian Dan , Jiang Deli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPoly(heptazine imide) (PHI) has received widely interest in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction due to its good crystallinity and complete in‐plane structure. However, its poor photo‐induced carrier separation and migration efficiency and insufficient active sites results in undesirable photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance. Herein, we designed and constructed a novel ohmic junction photocatalyst by integrating melamine edge‐modified PHI (mel‐PHI) with extended π‐conjugated system with TiN (TiN/mel‐PHI) for enhancing the photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity. Strikingly, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction yield of the optimal TiN/mel‐PHI is 62.64 μmol g−1 h−1, which is 5.6 and 2.8 times higher than PHI (11.26 μmol g−1 h−1) and mel‐PHI (22.32 μmol g−1 h−1), respectively. The superior photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity is attributed not only to the formation of D‐A structure by the introduction of melamine, which extends the π‐conjugation system, alters the electronic structure of PHI, and accelerates the charge separation and migration, but also to the induced internal electric field by ohmic junction further enhances the charge separation and migration efficiency. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of mel‐PHI and TiN enriched the electron number of TiN, reducing the CO2 reduction potential. This work highlights the synergistic enhancement of charge transfer between D‐A motifs and ohmic junctions, confirming their potential in optimizing photocatalysts.
Ambroxol Improves Amyloidogenic, NF‐κB, and Nrf2 Pathways in a Scopolamine‐Induced Cognitive Impairment Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Faldu Khushboo Govind , Shah Jigna Samir 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAmbroxol (ABX) is used to manage excessive production of mucus in the respiratory system. The present study sought to assess the neuroprotective potential of ambroxol by influencing the amyloidogenic, nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB), and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by scopolamine. The AD pathology was induced by chronic administration of scopolamine. The rats were given scopolamine at a dose of 2 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection daily for 14 days, followed by treatment (ABX 121.5, 135, and 180 mg/kg orally and 5 mg/kg orally of donepezil) for the next 28 days while continuing to receive daily scopolamine injection. The behavior of the rats was evaluated using Modified Y‐Maze and Novel object recognition tasks. Analyses were carried out on AD pathological markers [Amyloid beta peptide 1‐40, Amyloid beta peptide 1‐42, acetylcholinesterase, beta‐secretase 1 (BACE1), total tau, and p‐tau], inflammatory markers [NF‐κB, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and interferon γ], antioxidant markers (Nrf2 and heme Oxygenase 1 (HO‐1)], along with synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry and histopathological assessment of the hippocampus. Our findings indicated that ABX reduced impairment in behavior. Levels of Acetylcholinesterase, BACE1, amyloid beta 1‐40, amyloid beta 1‐42, total tau, p‐tau, NF‐κB, IFN‐γ, IL‐6, and TNF‐α decreased significantly. There was a significant increase in the levels of HO‐1 and Nrf2. It stopped the neuronal degeneration, raised synaptophysin immunoreactivity, and lowered GFAP immunoreactivity. The current research indicates that ambroxol may possess senomorphic properties by impacting the transcription factors NF‐κB and senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Consequently, it could provide neuroprotection through alterations in the Nrf2 and NF‐κB signaling pathways in AD.
Parametric Quantile Autoregressive Conditional Duration Models With Application to Intraday Value‐at‐Risk Forecasting
Authors: Saulo Helton , Pal Suvra , Souza Rubens , Vila Roberto , Dasilva Alan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe modeling of high‐frequency data that qualify financial asset transactions has been an area of relevant interest among statisticians and econometricians—above all, the analysis of time series of financial durations. Autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) models have been the main tool for modeling financial transaction data, where duration is usually defined as the time interval between two successive events. These models are usually specified in terms of a time‐varying mean (or median) conditional duration. In this paper, a new extension of ACD models is proposed which is built on the basis of log‐symmetric distributions reparametrized by their quantile. The proposed quantile log‐symmetric conditional duration autoregressive model allows us to model different percentiles instead of the traditionally used conditional mean (or median) duration. We carry out an in‐depth study of theoretical properties and practical issues, such as parameter estimation using maximum likelihood method and diagnostic analysis based on residuals. A detailed Monte Carlo simulation study is also carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed models and estimation method in retrieving the true parameter values as well as to evaluate a form of residuals. Finally, we derive a semiparametric intraday value‐at‐risk (IVaR) model and then the proposed models are applied to two price duration data sets.
Effect of nanoemulsified and encapsulated Planiliza abu protein on fortified yogurt
Authors: Vakili Nasrin , Ataee Maryam , Kakoolaki Shapour , Ahari Hamed , Ghorbanzade Arman 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFortified dairy products such as yogurt have attracted a lot of attention due to the increasing concern for public health. This study aimed to determine the effects of nanoemulsified and a microencapsulated protein hydrolysate obtained from Planiliza abu on some of the properties of yogurt. The physicochemical, rheological, microbiological, and sensory evaluation of the fortified yogurt samples stored at 4°C were assessed during 21 days. The fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) < or >10 kDa protein were used. The amino acid profile of Planiliza abu was glutamic acid (78.99%), aspartic acid (59.53%), and lysine (53.54%). No significant change was observed in titratable acidity (TA) and pH of supplemented yogurts during refrigeration. The highest survival level of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), water‐holding capacity (WHC), and viscosity and the lowest syneresis were observed in fortified samples with FPH <10 kDa. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was achieved in yogurt fortified with nanoemulsion FPH < 10 kDa (NEh10a, 0.41 mg/g). The results showed that fortified yogurt with FPH, particularly less than 10 kDa, is among the desirable functional food with appropriate gel network and consistency as well as better taste and mouth feel, and higher overall acceptance.
GLI1, CDK4, and MDM2 Co‐Amplification Gastric Plexiform Fibromyxoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Shihui , Yang Ye , Li Jianwei , Li Zheng , Li Weihua , Shi Susheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPlexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that primarily occurs in gastric origin with a benign behavior. PF commonly harbors the MALAT1::GLI1 fusion gene. Here, we describe a case of a 36‐year‐old female with a PF. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a 3.3 cm mass in the stomach. She underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the tumor revealed strongly positive staining for CD34, SDHB, STAT6, MDM2, and CDK4. And the tumor showed TP53 mutant expression. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) comprehensive genomic profiling identified GLI1, CDK4, and MDM2 co‐amplification and TP53 mutations. Here, we first report a case of a young woman with a PF harboring co‐amplification of GLI1, CDK4, and MDM2 genes. The patient underwent complete removal of the tumor without the use of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. No recurrence was observed during the follow‐up period of 8 months. This study aims to improve our understanding of PF by analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics of this case, including immunohistochemical (IHC) and genetic examination, and reviewing relevant literature.
Trade Liberalization and Mortality Rates: Evidence of Pro‐Cyclical Mortality From Brazil
Authors: Cícero Vinicius Curti , Dias Lucas Cardoso Corrêa , Zahran Sammy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe trace the evolution of all‐cause mortality rates in Brazilian regions with varying exposure to trade‐induced economic shocks before, during, and after liberalization reforms in the 1990s. We find consistent evidence of pro‐cyclical mortality, with areas more exposed to tariff reductions experiencing larger declines in mortality across varying time horizons. The observed decline in mortality rates is evident across sex, age groups, and for both internal and external causes of mortality. We falsify the observed relationship between mortality and tariff reductions with analyses of causes of death that are plausibly unrelated to economic activity. Concerning proximate mechanisms involved in our finding of pro‐cyclical mortality, we show that healthcare infrastructure expanded in local economies more affected by the trade‐induced economic shock. This expansion was characterized by the increased capital‐intensity of care, facilitated by the import of diagnostic technologies that reduce mortality from internal causes. We also find supporting evidence for the idea that pro‐cyclical mortality is partially caused by a decrease in transport and non‐transport‐related accidents. Overall, our findings highlight an underappreciated dimension of trade policy effects, namely public health.
Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the National Referral Hospital, Bhutan: A Descriptive Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Norbu Tshering , Dorjey Yeshey , Tshering Sangay , Dorji Namkha , Dhakal Guru Prasad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimGlobally, diabetes mellitus is a major public health concern affecting 10.5% of the population. Nearly 90% of these people have Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Bhutan, T2DM is prevalent in 5.6% of the population, and around 60% are unaware of their diagnosis of diabetes. There is no baseline information on the rate and the risk factors for complications of diabetes in Bhutan. The study assessed the clinical profile and the risk factors for complications of T2DM at the Jigme Dorji Wangchuk (JDW) National Referral Hospital, Bhutan.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted at the JDW National Referral Hospital, Bhutan, from January to December 2019. Patients with T2DM attending diabetic clinics were included in the study. Demographic variables and metabolic profiles were recorded using a standard pro forma. Descriptive statistics were used to express the results. The association of clinical profiles with the microvascular complication was assessed using multivariate logistic analysis with statistical significance at p < 0.05.ResultsThere were 292 patients with T2DM during the study period. The rate of microvascular complication is around 25% in T2DM. Among the complications, diabetic retinopathy occurred in over 51%, followed by neuropathy (29.7%) and nephropathy (18.9%). Over 1/3rd of patients had a duration of diabetes over 10 years with a mean duration of 6.3 (5.4) years, and around 44% (127/292) of them had poor glycemic control (HbA1C ≥ 7%). The age ≥ 60 years and the duration of diabetes ≥ 10 years were independent risk factors for microvascular complications in T2DM patients. Regular exercise prevents retinopathy (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.9, p = 0.026).ConclusionThere is a microvascular complication in 1 in 4 of type 2 diabetic patients. Age over 60 years and a duration of diabetes of more than 10 years are independent risk factors for microvascular complications, and regular exercise is preventive for microvascular complications.
Stretchable and body conformable electronics for emerging wearable therapies
Authors: Huang Benzhao , Wang Qian , Li Wei , Kong Desheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWearable therapy represents a research frontier where material science, electrical engineering, and medical disciplines intersect, offering significant potential for remote and portable healthcare. Unlike conventional approaches that rely on rigid materials, the ability to stretch is crucial for therapeutic devices to achieve enhanced mechanical adaptability. Moreover, the conformable integration of these devices into the body is pivotal in establishing reliable interfaces for long‐term treatment. These emerging devices provide an attractive platform for developing new therapeutic protocols that do not disrupt daily activities. This review comprehensively overviews recent progress in stretchable and body‐conformable electronics for wearable therapeutic applications. The discussion begins with the design and fabrication of these devices through structural designs and material innovation. The therapeutic mechanisms adopted by these devices are then systematically explored. Furthermore, the article delineates the crucial characteristics of wearable therapeutic devices, such as biocompatibility, secure skin attachment, and effective moisture management. This review article is poised to inspire innovative device designs and treatment protocols for future medical technology.
Patterns of surface water dynamics and storage changes in a basin of Bundelkhand Region, India: Implications for water management
Authors: Bhatpuria Dhyey , Sharma Nitin , Amarnath Giriraj , Sikka Alok 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSurface water is essential for agricultural, domestic and industrial production worldwide. Monitoring surface dynamics is crucial for sustainable ecosystems and global water resources. Importance of monitoring surface water dynamics is even more pronounced in the semi‐arid regions worldwide. An analysis of surface water extent and volume change patterns has been conducted, comparing these dynamics with alterations in precipitation patterns within a basin in Central Bundelkhand, a semi‐arid region in the Central India prone to droughts. To map the waterbodies, we leveraged Sentinel‐1 SAR data using an automated mapping framework and utilised DEM dataset to extract bathymetry using interpolation with modifications using water persistence. Analysis revealed a lag in surface water peak water level with respect to accumulated rainfall by 2–3 months. Furthermore, we have categorised the water bodies into small, medium and large by surface area and found that smaller water bodies show a higher intra‐annual variance, while medium and large water bodies show a lower intra‐annual variance. The findings suggest that smaller communities reliant on smaller water bodies are at a higher risk from climate variability in the region and a delay in attaining peak surface storage across the basin causes further challenges to water management.
Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Urinary Creatine and Phosphate in Athletes: Pre‐ and Post‐Training Assessment
Authors: Santos Letícia C. S. , Silveira Landulfo , Pacheco Marcos T. T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to detect biochemical components in the urine of bodybuilders who ingested creatine pretraining compared to individuals who did not ingest creatine after physical exercise using Raman spectroscopy. Twenty volunteers practicing bodybuilding were selected to collect pre‐ and post‐training urine samples, where 10 volunteers ingested creatine 30 min before pretraining urine collection (creatine group), and 10 did not (control group). The samples were subjected to Raman spectroscopy, and the spectra of both creatine and control groups and the difference (post—pre) for both groups were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) technique was applied to the samples. The results showed peaks of creatine and phosphate in urine after training (creatine post‐training group), suggesting that part of the creatine was absorbed and metabolized, and part was excreted. Raman spectroscopy could be applied to detect biocompounds in urine, such as unmetabolized creatine and phosphate.
Solasodine Downregulates ABCB1 Overexpression in Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells Via Inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Bharathiraja Pradhapsingh , Baskar Sugumar , Prasad N. Rajendra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMultidrug‐resistant (MDR) cancer cells maintain redox homeostasis to eliminate oxidative stress‐mediated cell death. This study explores the effects of solasodine on regulating P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) expression through the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and oxidative stress‐induced sensitization of drug‐resistant cancer cells to chemotherapeutics. Initially, the oxidative stress indicators such as intracellular ROS generation, the levels of 8‐hydroxy‐2‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) and gamma‐H2AX (γ‐H2AX) in the KBChR‐8‐5 drug‐resistant cells were measured. Additionally, the protein expression levels of Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf‐2), Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1), and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1 (ABCB1)/P‐gp were measured at various concentrations of solasodine (1, 5, & 10 µM) through immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. The antioxidant activities in the KBChR‐8‐5 cells were assessed using established protocols. In this investigation, the treatment with solasodine and doxorubicin combination showed a notable increase in intracellular ROS generation in KBChR‐8‐5 cells. Furthermore, this combination treatment led to enhanced nuclear condensation, elevated levels of 8‐OHdG, and increased γ‐H2AX foci formation in the KBChR‐8‐5 cells. Solasodine treatment effectively inhibited the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and activation of the ABCB1 gene, consequently preventing overexpression of P‐gp in KBChR‐8‐5 cells. Additionally, the combination therapy increased the lipid peroxidation levels while simultaneously reducing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the levels of glutathione (GSH). These results demonstrated that solasodine disrupts redox balance, and overcomes drug resistance by downregulating P‐gp via regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in MDR cancer cells.