bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Assessments for Key Stakeholders in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease: Qualitative Pilot Study to Inform Designing of a Medical Education Toy
Authors: Barbazi Neda , Shin Ji Youn , Hiremath Gurumurthy , Lauff Carlye Anne 
Published: December 2024

Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a birth defect of the heart that requires long-term care and often leads to additional health complications. Effective educational strategies are essential for improving health literacy and care outcomes. Despite affecting around 40,000 children annually in the United States, there is a gap in understanding children’s health literacy, parental educational burdens, and the efficiency of health care providers in delivering education.

Objective
This qualitative pilot study aims to develop tailored assessment tools to evaluate educational needs and burdens among children with CHD, their parents, and health care providers. These assessments will inform the design of medical education toys to enhance health management and outcomes for pediatric patients with CHD and key stakeholders.

Methods
Through stakeholder feedback from pediatric patients with CHD, parents, and health care providers, we developed three tailored assessments in two phases: (1) iterative development of the assessment tools and (2) pilot testing. In the first phase, we defined key concepts, conducted a literature review, and created initial drafts of the assessments. During the pilot-testing phase, 12 participants were recruited at the M Health Fairview Pediatric Specialty Clinic for Cardiology—Explorer in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. We gathered feedback using qualitative methods, including cognitive interviews such as think-aloud techniques, verbal probing, and observations of nonverbal cues. The data were analyzed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each assessment item and areas for improvement.

Results
The 12 participants included children with CHD (n=5), parents (n=4), and health care providers (n=3). The results showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the tailored assessments. Participants showed high levels of engagement and found the assessment items relevant to their education needs. Iterative revisions based on participant feedback improved the assessments’ clarity, relevance, and engagement for all stakeholders, including children with CHD.

Conclusions
This pilot study emphasizes the importance of iterative assessment development, focusing on multistakeholder engagement. The insights gained from the development process will guide the creation of tailored assessments and inform the development of child-led educational interventions for pediatric populations with CHD.
Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Dragon Fruit Peel for Adsorption of Methyl Blue
Authors: Tran Thi Ngoc Diem , Tran Thi Tuu , Hoang Bich Ngoc , Lam Van Tan , Ngo Thi Cam Quyen 
Published: December 2024

In this study, activated carbon from dragon fruit peel was synthesized and applied for its ability to adsorb organic pigments in water. The results obtained from the SEM and FTIR analyzes revealed the presence of the characteristic functional groups of activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of synthetic activated carbon was evaluated against methylene blue dye. This study also evaluated factors affecting the adsorption process, including time, content, temperature, concentration, and solution pH. The optimal adsorption conditions were recorded at pH 6, concentration 95 mg/L, time 43 min, and temperature 30 °C. At optimal adsorption conditions, the adsorption capacity predicted from the model is said to be 54.12 mg/g with an efficiency of 27.5%. The experimental data of the study were evaluated using adsorption kinetic models and adsorption isotherm models of the material. The results showed that the activated carbon material from dragon fruit peel is a potential material in the application for adsorbing pollutant dyes in wastewater.
Removal of <i>para</i>-Phenylenediamine (PPD) Dye from Its Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using the Activated Carbon Nanoparticles
Authors: Bdewi Shabaa Fayyad , Hussein Hanaa Hassan , Azeez Shireen Abdulmohsin 
Published: December 2024

This study focused on the development of an efficient preparation method of activated carbon for the removal of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) dye in an aqueous solution. Walnut shells, a readily accessible biomass source in northern Iraq, were processed into activated carbon (AC). Several techniques, such as FTIR, XRD, and SEM, were applied to describe and study the surface of AC. According to XRD analysis, all the reflection peaks with the relative intensities of various planes indicate that the obtained particle size was around 7.63 nm. The influences of contact time, adsorbent, and other variables (the thermodynamic parameters for the influence of temperature) were calculated after studying the dosage and initial concentration. The effects of the change in the acidity functions and the increasing temperature were also studied. The results found that the best adsorption occurred in 120 min, with a 0.1 g adsorbent substance weight and pH 5. The adsorption rate was at its best at a temperature of 318 K. The best-recorded adsorption rate was obtained when applying the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and the adsorption processes were of a physical nature.
Prevalence of Fasciolosis Among Cattle in The Ambon’s Slaughterhouse
Authors: Labetubun Jusak , Tagueha Astri Dwyanti 
Published: December 2024

Background: Fasciola spp. are well-known parasites with outstanding adaptation, contributing to infection among various ruminants, and causing zoonotic infections worldwide over the last three decades, especially in developing countries. However, their presence has been underestimated as a public health concern. The slaughterhouse is an authorized facility that provides safe and healthy meat; therefore, routine inspection for any zoonotic disease should be performed. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of fasciolasis in cattle at an Ambon slaughterhouse. Methods: Fresh feces were collected from 42 cattle and the presence of Fasciola spp. using the sedimentation method. Data were descriptively analyzed, and Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio analysis were used to identify the association between risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of fasciolasis was found to be 7.14%. Cattles > 2 years old were 5.33 times more at risk than younger ones, while cattle from Seram Island were 13 times more susceptible to fasciolasis. No noticeable discrepancies were observed in the prevalence rates of bulls and cows. This study revealed that infection occurred before cattle departure, which started at their origin and was associated with age as an intrinsic factor. The physiological status, geographic conditions, and management systems are predicted to provide a suitable niche for the parasite life cycle. Conclusion: Although the rate of infection was low, it should be considered a risk and appropriately handled before sale. As this study was the first to investigate Fasciola infection in Ambon slaughterhouses, further studies are recommended to reveal other possible risk factors.
The Falling House of Wirecard
Authors: Bloch Rebecca I. , Hunter Kara E. , Kleinman Gary 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The collapse of German payment processing company Wirecard led to many (still unfolding) revelations about failed auditing processes. Using the story of the rise and fall of Wirecard, dubbed the “Enron of Germany,” this case seeks to stimulate student attention to critical auditing areas while highlighting how audits fail. It also provides a solid foundation for understanding how auditing regulation and standards may differ between nations, highlighting the United States and Germany. It is designed to improve students’ understanding of auditing regulation and practice and to improve research and critical thinking skills. It includes a description of key executives, corporate structure, revenue streams, potential red flags, and actions taken by Wirecard’s auditor, Ernst & Young. It then poses 14 questions for student response, using the case materials and their own research. The questions are customizable by faculty. This case is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate auditing classes.
Data availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
How to Implement a Data Analytics and Emerging Technologies-Enabled Accounting Curriculum
Authors: Kennedy Duane B. , Stratopoulos Theophanis C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
As technological advancements reshape the accounting profession, the School of Accounting and Finance (SAF) at the University of Waterloo integrated Data Analytics and Emerging Technologies (AET) into its curriculum. This initiative equips students with essential and advanced AET skills, employing tools like spreadsheets, Tableau, Alteryx, R, Python, RPA, and blockchain. This paper builds on our experiences to provide a framework to help educators integrate AET into the accounting program at their institutions. We outline the strategic development and implementation challenges experienced in developing our program.
JEL Classifications: M41.
COSO-Based Internal Control and Accounts Receivable Management
Authors: Chen Hanwen , Liu Siyi , Yang Daoguang , Zhou Nan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Internal control regulations in China follow the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) framework, which promotes enterprise risk management and considers both financial reporting and operations. Using a COSO-based internal control index, we find that internal control plays an important role in accounts receivable management in China. Specifically, internal control quality (ICQ) is associated with greater receivables turnover, less receivable aging, and less receivable impairment, which indicates that ICQ mitigates risk related to receivables and improves receivable management. Our supplemental analysis reveals that additional cash flows from operations are generated when internal control alleviates problems related to receivables. Moreover, ICQ shortens the overall cash conversion cycle, despite faster payable turnover. Because the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404 has a narrower scope and covers only internal control over financial reporting, our evidence regarding the effect of COSO-based internal control on receivable management fills a gap in the extant literature.
Data Availability: Data are available from specific sources cited in the text.
JEL Classification: M42.
Not Walking the Talk: The Effect of Prioritizing Profit or ESG Impact on Employee Behavior Across ESG Impact- and Shareholder Value-Focused Mission Statements
Authors: Andrassy Jake , Burke Joseph , Stern Matthew T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
We experimentally examine the impact of mission-statement focus (environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impact or shareholder value) on employee effort before and after firm trade-off actions prioritizing ESG impact or profit. We find that employees exert more initial effort given an ESG-impact (versus shareholder-value) mission. However, subsequent trade-off actions can be costly for firms with ESG-impact missions. Regardless of a firm’s mission statement focus, employees respond positively to actions that prioritize ESG impact over profit; however, relative to a firm with a shareholder-value mission, a firm with an ESG-impact mission will experience more negative employee responses when the firm takes actions that prioritize profit over ESG impact. Further, firms with ESG-impact missions cannot easily reverse the negative effects of their profit-prioritizing actions; employee effort does not revert to original levels if the action is subsequently reversed. Finally, we provide evidence that mission-statement focus and firm actions influence employee turnover intentions.
Revealed Proprietary Information Disclosure
Authors: Zufarov Rustam 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
I examine whether and to what extent firms credibly disclose proprietary private information ahead of seasoned equity offerings. I assess proprietary information disclosures based on the magnitude of the association between a private information-based proxy and stock returns. Using a difference-in-differences design around the Securities Offering Reform (SOR) of 2005, which relaxed restrictions on disclosures, I find that equity-issuing firms disclose more than twice as much proprietary information post-SOR relative to pre-SOR and relative to the same change for the control firms. I corroborate my findings using major customer identity disclosure and limiting the sample to firms with multiple equity offerings. Results are robust after controlling for information flow from insider trading, institutional investors, and financial analysts. Finally, I document that disclosure of proprietary information leads to a 10–23 percent drop in underpricing. These findings offer new insights into how firms balance the proprietary costs and benefits of disclosure.
JEL Classifications: M41; K22; G14.
Reference intervals for equine fecal calprotectin and calprotectin:protein ratio and preliminary clinical evaluation in horses with colic and colitis
Authors: Bishop Rebecca C. , Shanthappa Nidhi , Connolly Sara L. , Wilkins Pamela A. , McCoy Annette M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To establish the reference interval (RI) of fecal calprotectin (fCP) and fCP:protein ratio in the feces of healthy horses and demonstrate preliminary clinical utility for the quantification of intestinal inflammation.

METHODS
Feces were collected from healthy horses (n = 103) and horses with colic (n = 15) or colitis (n = 13). Feces were suspended in buffer to create fecal supernatant. Fecal calprotectin concentration was determined by ELISA, fecal total protein concentration was determined by bicinchoninic acid assay, and the fCP:protein ratio was calculated. Reference intervals for fCP and fCP:protein ratio were calculated from healthy horses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to evaluate associations between fCP concentration and fCP:protein ratio with group and other clinical features. The study period was from September 20, 2023, through April 20, 2024.

RESULTS
The RI for fCP was 0.056 to 0.278 μg/mL; 4 of 13 colitis cases had fCP above the RI. The RI for fCP:protein was 6.6 X 10−6 to 4.9 X 10−5; 5 of 13 colitis cases and 2 of 15 colic cases had fCP:protein above the RI. Horses with colitis had significantly greater fCP (median [quartile 1, quartile 3], 0.234 [0.194, 0.279] μg/mL) than healthy horses (0.196 [0.138, 0.220] μg/mL) or colic cases (0.189 [0.164, 0.215] μg/mL). There was a greater difference in fCP:protein ratio between colitis cases (4.31 X 10−5 [3.19 X 10−5, 6.23 X 10−5]) and both healthy horses (2.19 X 10−5 [1.58 X 10−5, 2.88 X 10−5]) and colic cases (1.52 X 10−5 [1.22 X 10−5, 3.56 X 10−5]).

CONCLUSIONS
Both fCP and fCP:protein ratio were increased in horses in colitis; additional work is needed to establish clinical utility.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
There are few reliable diagnostic modalities for inflammation of the equine large colon. With additional development of a clinically applicable test and validation in larger population, fecal calprotectin may facilitate noninvasive quantification of intestinal inflammation in horses.
18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography is a sensitive imaging technique to detect atherosclerosis in Amazon parrots (Amazona spp)
Authors: Megan Lucyanne , Brust Kelsey , Spriet Matthieu , Ruivo Pedro , Gómez-Ponce Marcel , Beaufrère Hugues 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate and establish a protocol for 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) PET scan imaging in Amazon parrots for atherosclerosis diagnosis.

METHODS
In this feasibility proof-of-concept study, 18F-NaF μPET scan and μCT scan were obtained on Hispaniolan (Amazona ventralis) and orange-winged Amazon parrots (A amazonica). A different μPET scan protocol was used for each species. Images were reviewed by 3 observers for arterial calcification and radiotracer uptake indicative of atherosclerosis. A blood lipid profile was also performed. A subset of Hispaniolan Amazon parrots were euthanized after completion of the study, and the heart and arteries were collected for histopathology.

RESULTS
10 adult Hispaniolan and 8 adult orange-winged Amazon parrots were scanned. Atherosclerotic lesions were detected on both μCT and μPET scan in various arteries. The presence of streak artifacts and increased noise on μCT scan limited the ability to detect high-attenuation areas of arteries and obtain observer consensus except for 1 case of severe arterial calcification. μPET scan was overall more sensitive, had higher interobserver agreement in lesion scoring, and detected a higher number of lesions in both species, including in coronary arteries. On histopathology on 5 Amazon parrots, the majority (5/6) of clinically relevant atherosclerotic lesions and some preatheromatous lesions (1/3) were identified on μPET scan. No association between atherosclerosis detection on μPET scan and the lipid profile was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
This study established a safe and effective protocol for 18F-NaF molecular imaging of psittacine atherosclerosis, which proved to be more sensitive than CT scan.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
18F-sodium fluoride PET scan allows for a more reliable and earlier diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions in Amazon parrots.
Evolution in Latvian Contemporary Architecture: Thirty Years of the Latvian Architecture Award
Authors: Chen Chi-Hui , Bratuškins Uģis , Treija Sandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines the evolution of contemporary Latvian architecture by analysing the Latvian Architecture Award Grand Prix-winning works from 1995 to 2024. Using the Davos Baukultur Quality System (DBQS) as an analytical framework, the research integrates discourse analysis of jury statements and architects’ narratives with image analysis of architectural drawings and photographs. The study identifies 44 design issues across eight criteria – governance, functionality, environment, economy, diversity, context, sense of place, and beauty – demonstrating the shift in architectural priorities over time. Notably, functionality and aesthetics dominated early discussions, while later projects increasingly emphasized sustainability, cultural identity, and social inclusion. The introduction of the DBQS in 2021 marked a significant period, with projects showing heightened attention to community engagement and environmental challenges. This analysis highlights Latvian architecture’s dynamic engagement with cultural, social, and environmental concerns, offering significant insights into contemporary architecture’s evolving professional and societal role through the lens of the Latvian Architecture Award.
Bab XXII: Perdagangan
Authors: Kruyt Albert 
Published: December 2024

1. Perdagangan orang Toraja pada zaman dahulu. 2. Rombongan dagang. 3. Peminjaman kredit. Munculnya pedagang asing. 4. Mengapa orang Toraja melakukan perdagangan. 5. Barang Ekspor. Kopra. 6. Rotan (lauro). 7. Getah kopal (damar, soga). 8. Kayu eboni (toe). 9. Memperoleh lilin lebah (panggere). 10. Perdagangan beras
Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong Sebagai Biochar Guna Meningkatkan Kualitas Lahan Kebun Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Rezki Dewi , Suhendra Dede , Heriza Sri , Sari Wulan Kumala , Hanum Alefia Lathifa , Rahman Muhammad Aulia , Anzalia Qomara , Hasibuan Reza Alam Nur , Terence Tristan , Bifadlika Faghfirlana , Aditya Irfan , Ramadhani Mutiara 
Published: December 2024

Limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah padat yang dihasilkan dari sisa pengolahan di pabrik kelapa sawit. Seiring dengan bertambahnya luas lahan kebun kelapa sawit menyebabkan jumlah limbah TKKS semakin meningkat. Meningkatnya jumlah limbah ini secara terus menerus akan menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan, seperti polusi udara akibat bau yang tidak sedap. Akan tetapi, limbah TKKS dapat memberikan manfaat jika diolah dengan baik. Salah satu cara yang bisa dilakukan dalam pengolahan limbah TKKS adalah dengan merubah limbah tersebut menjadi biochar. Biochar dari TKKS dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memperbaiki kualitas lahan di kebun kelapa sawit rakyat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang terintegrasi dengan mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan cara membuat biochar dari limbah TKKS kepada kelompok tani Semoga Jaya yang berada di Kenagarian Koto Beringin Kecamatan Tiumang Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Melalui pelatihan ini, diharapkan petani dapat mengelola limbah tersebut secara mandiri dan berkelanjutan, serta memanfaatkannya dengan baik untuk perbaikan kualitas lahan kelapa sawit rakyat. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti dengan antusias oleh petani, hal ini dapat dilihat dari banyaknya pertanyaan yang muncul selama kegiatan pelatihan berlangsung. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa para petani sangat tertarik untuk menerima ilmu yang disampaikan, dan ingin mencoba dan mengaplikasikan pembuatan biochar ini pada kebun kelapa sawitnya masing-masing.
Differences in the Transition to Adulthood of University Students before and after the Pandemic
Authors: Guerra Santana Mónica , Artiles-Rodríguez Josue , Rodríguez-Pulido Josefa 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The difference in the opinions of two groups of university students on the transition to adulthood and on certain educational aspects over a period of 8 years was analysed, one before and the other after the Sars-Cov 2 pandemic.
Method. The questionnaire was applied based on the perception that university students have on the transition to adulthood (Guerra Santana, 2022), adapted from Arnett's Transition to Adulthood Scale (2001). It was answered by 780 students from a Spanish university, 453 of whom were educated before the pandemic and 327 of whom are currently studying. A quantitative methodology with a descriptive and comparative design was used.
Results. The results indicate that, of the three factors that make up the empirical structure of the questionnaire, there are significant differences (99.95% CI) in the ability to create a family and attend to its needs, and in personal responsibility and maturity according to the student's group of belonging (pre-pandemic/post-pandemic) and age. On the other hand, no differences were found in the variables gender and field of knowledge.
Discussion and Conclusion. In conclusion, the post-pandemic group of students have a more favourable perception of the transition to adulthood than those who studied before the pandemic.
Propiedades psicométricas y validación de la escala GADA para medir el Grado de Conciencia de Género en Adolescentes
Authors: Muñoz-García Isabel María , Alcántara-Manzanares Jorge , Medina Quintana Silvia 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In contrast to the wide range of possibilities for measuring gender awareness, there are fewer validated instruments with a broad, global and holistic vision in relation to gender and far from the adult-centred perspective. For this reason, a scale that measures the Degree of Gender Awareness in Adolescents is created, validated and developed: GADA (Gender Awareness Degree in Adolescents).
Method. GADA has been developed after a pilot test and an expert judgment process and has been validated through factor analysis based on the latest statistical advances in the social sciences following post-Little Jiffy psychometrics. The FACTOR program has been used to obtain two factors, the personal and the social, with a constructionist vision of gender. The population belongs to 10 secondary education institutes in Córdoba (Spain) with a sample of 510 students (55% women and 45% men) between 14 and 16 years old.
Results. The scale shows high reliability and internal consistency, with Cronbach's Omega and alpha coefficient being .84 and optimal goodness adjustments (GFI =.992, CFI =.992, NNFI =.987, RMSEA [95% CI] =.032 (.0101-.0378) and RMCR =.0404). Furthermore, sex is an invariant variable.
Discussion or Conclusion: The GADA Scale is a reliable instrument with a global and comprehensive vision of gender and feminism with relevant issues for adolescence that addresses gender awareness with educational applications.