bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using on-board sound recordings to infer behaviour of free-moving wild animals
Authors: Greif Stefan , Yovel Yossi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTTechnological advances in the last 20 years have enabled researchers to develop increasingly sophisticated miniature devices (tags) that record an animal's behaviour not from an observational, external viewpoint, but directly on the animals themselves. So far, behavioural research with these tags has mostly been conducted using movement or acceleration data. But on-board audio recordings have become more and more common following pioneering work in marine mammal research. The first questions that come to mind when recording sound on-board animals concern their vocal behaviour. When are they calling? How do they adjust their behaviour? What acoustic parameters do they change and how? However, other topics like foraging behaviour, social interactions or environmental acoustics can now be addressed as well and offer detailed insight into the animals' daily life. In this Review, we discuss the possibilities, advantages and limitations of on-board acoustic recordings. We focus primarily on bats as their active-sensing, echolocating lifestyle allows many approaches to a multi-faceted acoustic assessment of their behaviour. The general ideas and concepts, however, are applicable to many animals and hopefully will demonstrate the versatility of on-board acoustic recordings and stimulate new research.
Olfactory navigation in aquatic gastropods
Authors: Wyeth Russell C. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTGastropod diversity is substantial in marine and freshwater habitats, and many aquatic slugs and snails use olfactory cues to guide their navigation behaviour. Examples include finding prey or avoiding predators based on kairomones, or finding potential mates using pheromones. Here, I review the diversity of navigational behaviours studied across the major aquatic taxa of gastropods. I then synthesize evidence for the different theoretical navigation strategies the animals may use. It is likely that gastropods regularly use either chemotaxis or odour-gated rheotaxis (or both) during olfactory-based navigation. Finally, I collate the patchwork of research conducted on relevant proximate mechanisms that could produce navigation behaviours. Although the tractability of several gastropod species for neurophysiological experimentation has generated some valuable insight into how turning behaviour is triggered by contact chemoreception, there remain many substantial gaps in our understanding for how navigation relative to more distant odour sources is controlled in gastropods. These gaps include little information on the chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors (for detecting flow) found in the peripheral nervous system and the central (or peripheral) processing circuits that integrate that sensory input. In contrast, past studies do provide information on motor neurons that control the effectors that produce crawling (both forward locomotion and turning). Thus, there is plenty of scope for further research on olfactory-based navigation, exploiting the tractability of gastropods for neuroethology to better understand how the nervous system processes chemosensory input to generate movement towards or away from distant odour sources.
Origin and role of path integration in the cognitive representations of the hippocampus: computational insights into open questions
Authors: Savelli Francesco , Knierim James J. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTPath integration is a straightforward concept with varied connotations that are important to different disciplines concerned with navigation, such as ethology, cognitive science, robotics and neuroscience. In studying the hippocampal formation, it is fruitful to think of path integration as a computation that transforms a sense of motion into a sense of location, continuously integrated with landmark perception. Here, we review experimental evidence that path integration is intimately involved in fundamental properties of place cells and other spatial cells that are thought to support a cognitive abstraction of space in this brain system. We discuss hypotheses about the anatomical and computational origin of path integration in the well-characterized circuits of the rodent limbic system. We highlight how computational frameworks for map-building in robotics and cognitive science alike suggest an essential role for path integration in the creation of a new map in unfamiliar territory, and how this very role can help us make sense of differences in neurophysiological data from novel versus familiar and small versus large environments. Similar computational principles could be at work when the hippocampus builds certain non-spatial representations, such as time intervals or trajectories defined in a sensory stimulus space.
Behavioural and neuronal basis of olfactory imprinting and kin recognition in larval fish
Authors: Gerlach Gabriele , Tietje Kristin , Biechl Daniela , Namekawa Iori , Schalm Gregor , Sulmann Astrid 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTImprinting is a specific form of long-term memory of a cue acquired during a sensitive phase of development. To ensure that organisms memorize the right cue, the learning process must happen during a specific short time period, mostly soon after hatching, which should end before irrelevant or misleading signals are encountered. A well-known case of olfactory imprinting in the aquatic environment is that of the anadromous Atlantic and Pacific salmon, which prefer the olfactory cues of natal rivers to which they return after migrating several years in the open ocean. Recent research has shown that olfactory imprinting and olfactory guided navigation in the marine realm are far more common than previously assumed. Here, we present evidence for the involvement of olfactory imprinting in the navigation behaviour of coral reef fish, which prefer their home reef odour over that of other reefs. Two main olfactory imprinting processes can be differentiated: (1) imprinting on environmental cues and (2) imprinting on chemical compounds released by kin, which is based on genetic relatedness among conspecifics. While the first process allows for plasticity, so that organisms can imprint on a variety of chemical signals, the latter seems to be restricted to specific genetically determined kin signals. We focus on the second, elucidating the behavioural and neuronal basis of the imprinting process on kin cues using larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model. Our data suggest that the process of imprinting is not confined to the central nervous system but also triggers some changes in the olfactory epithelium.
Evaluation of Novel Probiotic Bacillus Strains Based on Enzyme Production and Protective Activity Against Salmonellosis
Authors: Ghorban Hosseini Nazila , Modarressi Mohammad Hossein , Mousavi Seyed Naser , Tajabadi Ebrahimi Maryam 
Published: February 2019

Probiotic strains of Bacillus Species are used in industrial poultry production because of their ability to produce enzymes enhancing the absorption of food, and their ability to reduce the risk of Salmonella spp. infection. The aim of this study was to isolate native potential probiotic Bacillus spp. with the ability to produce enzymes and attachment to intestinal epithelial cells in order to prevent Salmonella typhimurium infection. First, 25 samples of chicken feces were collected from 7 industrial poultry in Golestan province located in north of Iran. Bacillus species from samples were isolated on nutrient agar. These strains were evaluated for the ability of producing amyalse and phytase and their probiotic characteristics such as bile salt, acid and antibiotic resistance, the ability to attach to intestinal epithelial cells and inhibit Salmonella typhimurium invasion. Then selected isolates were identified based on 16S rDNA. Results showed that from 86 isolated, 4 Bacillus strains‌ had desirable characteristics such as the ability to produce phytase and amylase and having suitable probiotics features. We identified K03, K02, and K20 isolates as Bacillus tequilensis and K20 as Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus tequilensis K03 showed the highest attachment ability to intestinal epithelium cells and could inhibited Salmonella typhimurium attachment.
Effects of GnRH or hCG on day 11 after artificial insemination in cows luteal activity
Authors: Besbaci Mohamed Mohamed , Abdelli A. , Belabdi I. , Benabdelaziz A , Khelili R. , Mebarki M. , Kaidi R. 
Published: February 2019

In order to optimize luteal function by human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) or gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 11 after artificial insemination (AI). 33 cows synchronized by the Ovsynch and divided into 3 groups according to the type of treatment: 1) hCG (1500 IU, n=11); 2) GnRH (100 µg, n=11); and 3) control (2 mL of saline, n=11). Blood samples were collected from all animals every 3 days from day 5 to day 23 to determine progesterone concentration. Ultrasonography was used to monitor the luteal surface structures at the time of blood sample collection. An accessory corpus luteum (CL) formed in 63.63% of cows treated with GnRH and with hCG, resulting in an increase in the total luteal tissue area compared with the controls. Thus, the volume of the principal CL was increased by hCG but tended to be similar to GnRH compared with the controls. Additionally, compared with the control group, hCG-treated and GnRH-treated cows had increased progesterone concentrations (p<0.0001). Among the hCG-treated cows, their progesterone concentration increased compared with GnRH-treated cows.
Species composition of ichthyoplankton assemblages: a response to seasonal temperature changes
Authors: KESKIN ÇETIN , PAULY DANIEL 
Published: February 2019

The ‘mean temperature of the catch’ (MTC; Cheung et al. 2013, Nature 497: 365-368.) was computed for 59 ichthyoplankton surveys conducted in several regions of the Eastern Mediterranean (off the coasts of Greece and Turkey) and in the Black and Marmara Seas. This covered 162 fish species whose preferred temperatures (PTs) were derived mainly from the data used to derive Aquamaps (see www.aquamaps.org). The (geometric mean) MTCs estimates from these 59 surveys correlated strongly with observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs), once account of the sampling regions was taken. Here, this relationship is quantified using a Type II or ‘functional’ (multiple) regression. Overall, the results suggested that the MTC could be an important descriptor of the taxonomic composition and temperature affinities of ichthyoplankton assemblages.
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of GABA-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from indigenous dadih of West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Lili , Marlida Yetti , Wizna Wizna , Jamsari Jamsari , Mirzah Mirzah , Adzitey Frederick , Huda Nurul 
Published: February 2019

Background: Dadih (fermented buffalo milk) is a traditional Indonesian food originating from West Sumatra province. The fermentation process is carried out by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are naturally present in buffalo milk. Lactic acid bacteria have been reported as one of potential producers of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA acts as a neurotransmitter inhibitor of the central nervous system. Methods: In this study, molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of GABA producing LAB isolated from indigenous dadih of West Sumatera were determined. Identification of the GABA-producing LAB DS15 was based on conventional polymerase chain reaction. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used to identify LAB DS15. Results: PCR of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of LAB DS15 gave an approximately 1400 bp amplicon. Phylogenetic analysis showed that LAB DS15 was Pediococcus acidilactici, with high similarity of 99% at 100% query coverage to Pediococcus acidilactici strain DSM 20284. Conclusions: It can be concluded that GABA producing LAB isolated from indigenous dadih was Pediococcus acidilactici.
Protocol for a comparison study of 1-day versus 2-day prophylactic antibiotic administration in Holmium Laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shigemura Katsumi , Yamamichi Fukashi , Nishimoto Kento , Kitagawa Koichi , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: February 2019

Background: The best method of antimicrobial prophylaxis administration for surgical site infection (SSI) in transurethral holmium laser resection and enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)/bipolar transurethral enucleation (TUEB) remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to compare one-day and two-day cefazolin in a randomized 2nd-phase study to help establish a protocol with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for SSI prevention. Methods: Patients undergoing HoLEP/TUEB for benign prostate hyperplasia without preoperative pyuria will be enrolled and randomized to receive prophylactic antibiotic administration for HoLEP/TUEB in two groups, 1-day cefazolin and 2-day cefazolin. The primary endpoint is the occurrence rate of postoperative urinary tract infection or urogenital infection within 30 days after HoLEP/TUEB with a statistical 95% CI in comparison between those groups. Secondary outcomes include the kind of infectious disease and evidence of diagnosis, day of diagnosis of infectious disease, performance of urine or blood culture, detection of bacteria, treatments, duration of treatments, AEs other than surgical site infection, and drug-induced AEs. Discussion: The results of this study will provide evidence for defining the optimal duration of cefazolin prophylactic antibiotic administration for SSI. Trial registration: This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000027955) based on recommendations from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) on July 1st 2017.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA BANARAN, GALUR DALAM PROGRAM PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGOLAHAN HASIL PERTANIAN
Authors: Soviyah Soviyah 
Published: February 2019

Masyarakat di Desa Banaran mayoritas merupakan petani. Dari kegiatan pertanian yang dilakukan banyak limbah hasil pertanian yang dibuang dan tidak diolah serta hasil pertanian yang dijual dalam bentuk bahan mentah. Melihat banyaknya hasil pertanian yang belum diolah secara maksimal, maka program KKN Reguler UAD difokuskan pada pemanfataan dan pengolahan hasil pertanian. Program ini bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat di tiga pedukuhan untuk memanfaatkan dan mengolah hasil pertanian. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN dilakukandengan melakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan dengan praktik langsung kepada masyarakat. Dampak dari kegiatan ini menambah ilmu dan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam hal pemanfaatan dan pengolahan hasil pertanian, diantaranya seperti: 1) Pengolahan limbah sayuran dan kulit buah, 2) Pengolahan Jerami 3) Pengolahan Nata de Leri.
PENERAPAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DEMI KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN TUNTANG KABUPATEN SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Tentama Fatwa 
Published: February 2019

Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) merupakan suatu perilaku dimana seseorang menerapkan perilaku kebersihan dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya dengan memperhatikan tingkat kesehatannya. Hidup sehat merupakan hal yang seharusnya diterapkan oleh setiap orang karena manfaat yang didapat sangat banyak, mulai dari kesehatan jiwa dan raga hingga kefokusan dalam mengerjakan sesuatu, serta pada kesejahteraan hidup anggota keluarga serta terciptanya suasana yang indah, asri serta damai sehingga membuat lingkungan hidup terasa nyaman. Kelompok mahasiswa KKN UAD memiliki misi untuk menjadikan masyarakat kecamatan Tuntang Kabupaten Semarang menyadari akan pentingnya menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat melalui beberapa program kerja terkait dengan PHBS. Beberapa kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu JUMANTIK (Juru Pemantau jentik) serta penyuluhan cara memcuci tangan dengan tepat, yang dilakukan di beberapa desa di kawasan kecamatan Tuntang Kabupaten Semarang, mengingat masih rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kesehatan. Hasilnya, melalui beberapa kegiatan di atas mampu menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat serta dapat memberi pengetahuan kepada masyarakat terkait bagaimana menerapkan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat secara tepat.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT LUNGGUH, TEMUWUH, DLINGO DALAM PROGRAM KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Authors: Ismawati Nur 
Published: February 2019

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Dusun Lungguh, Desa Temuwuh,Kecamatan Dlingo, Kabupaten Bantul Yogyakarta adalah kurangnya ilmu dan pengetahuan dalam berwirausaha, padahal wilayah Dusun Lungguh, Desa Temuwuh merupakan wilayah yang mayoritas masyarakatnya sudah home industry. Banyak masyarakat yang kurang mengetahui tentang bagaimana cara berwirausaha yang efektif, efisien dan menguntungkan, bagaimana pemasarannya serta bagaimana harga pemasaran bisa stabil.. Maka program KKN UAD Divisi 13.D.3 difokuskan pada program kewirausahaan. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat Dusun Lungguh dalam Program Kewirausahaan. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN meliputi: pendidikan masyarakat, difusi teknologi dan praktek langsung. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN ini adalah: 1) peningkatan ilmu dan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam berwirausaha, 2) terciptanya kreasi dan inovasi baru masyarakat dalam berwirausaha, 3) masyarakat terampil dalam membuat hasil karya.
PENGOLAHAN JAHE MENJADI SERBUK INSTAN DAN PEMBUATAN NUGGET BERBAHAN DASAR TEMPE SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN KAUM WANITA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DESA KARANGGONDANG, PABELAN, SEMARANG
Authors: Budiyanto Tri 
Published: February 2019

Permasalahan yang ditemukan terkait dengan perekonomian di Desa Karanggondang, Kecamatan Pabelan adalah kurang terciptanya ekonomi kreatif dengan memperhatikan potensi alam, tidak adanya program pelatihan dari pemerintah dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif serta kurangnya pengetahuan kaum wanita dalam memanfaatkan keterampilan yang dimiliki, oleh karena itu KKN UAD menyelenggarakan kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan sebagai upaya pemberdayaan kaum wanita untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat desa. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN di lokasi ini adalah : 1) terwujudnya kesadaran akan pentingnya berwirausaha untuk meningkatkan perekonomian keluarga pada khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya 2) memberikan pengetahuan mengenai pemanfaatan salah satu potensi yang ada di Desa Karanggondang yaitu jahe 3) kaum wanita di Desa Karanggondang paham dan terampil dalam merintis usaha pembuatan serbuk jahe instan dan nugget tempe.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA MENAYU LOR, MRISI DAN BETON, TIRTONIRMOLO, KASIHAN, BANTUL DALAM PROGRAM PENGELOLAAN PERPUSTAKAAN DESA
Authors: Waharjani Waharjani 
Published: February 2019

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Desa Menayu Lor, Mrisi dan Beton, Kelurahan Tirtonirmolo, Kecamatan Kasihan, Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta adalah minat baca masyarakat yang minim. Program ini bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat Desa Mrisi, Menayu Lor, dan Beton dalam program Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Desa. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN meliputi: sosialisasi masyarakat dan praktek langsung. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN ini adalah: 1) tercipta kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya membaca, 2) tersedianya sarana ruang baca untuk umum, 3) masyarakat bertambah ilmunya dari buku-buku yang disediakan, 4) masyarakat bertambah ilmu untuk mengelola perpustakaan yang baik.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA LIMBANG JAYA 1 KECAMATAN TANJUNG BATU, KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR DALAM PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN DESA
Authors: Ratih Rina 
Published: February 2019

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Desa Limbang Jaya 1, Kecamatan Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatra Selatan adalah banyaknya sampah di setiap jalan atau di depan rumah yang membuat berserakan dimana-mana. Maka program KKN Muhammadiyah Untuk Negeri difokuskan pada Pemberdayaan Desa. Program ini bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat Desa Limbang jaya 1 dalam program Peduli Lingkungan. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN MU meliputi: Pembuatan nama-nama jalan, Pembuatan Gapura, pemberdayaan Ibu-ibu PKK dan pemberdayaan lingkungan. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN MU ini adalah : 1) Setiap nama jalan di Desa limbang Jaya 1 sudah ada plang nama-nama jalan sehingga memudahkan untuk mencari alamat yang ingin dituju, 2) Dengan adanya gapura ucapan selamat datang, memberikan kesan atau ucapan selamat datang di desa, 3), Dengan melimpahnya Sumber daya Manusia yang dimiliki Desa Limbang jaya 1, makanya mahiswa memberikan pembekalan kepada Ibu-ibu PKK tentang pendidikan kreativitas, 4) Tujuannya agar lingkungan Desa bersih, sehat dan tidak ada lagi yang namanya sampah berserakan dimana-mana.
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN RENCANA EVAKUASI BENCANA DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH SE-KECAMATAN BANGUNTAPAN, BANTUL, DIY
Authors: Wijaya Oktomi , Isni Khoiriyah 
Published: February 2019

Tingginya risiko bencana yang ada di Provinsi Yogyakarta khususnya Kabupaten Bantul, maka mutlak diperlukan suatu upaya pengurangan risiko bencana, terutama di sekolah yang merupakan komunitas anak-anak sebagai kelompok rentan. Sekolah dasar tentu harus mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih dikarenakan anak-anak SD memiliki kerentanan yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu perhatian khusus kepada siswa sekolah dasar terkait dengan kemampuan menghadapi bencana. Upaya kesiapsiagaan sekolah dapat dimulai dengan analisis risiko bencana di sekolah, pembuatan prosedur kedaruratan bencana dan berlatih menyelamatkan diri saat terjadi bencana. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini antara lain: (1) pendidikan masyarakat atau penyuluhan, (2) pelatihan atau praktik, (3) simulasi. Tujuannya adalah peserta mendapatkan keterampilan tidak hanya berdasarkan pelatihan atau praktik, namun juga secara teori atau pengetahuan. Output kegiatan pelatihan ini antara lain: (1) peningkatan pengetahuan siswa dan guru sekolah dasar terkait perencanaan evakuasi bencana, (2) peningkatan keterampilan siswa dan guru sekolah dasar dalam mengevakuasi ketika terjadi bencana, (3) diseminasi hasil kegiatan berupa produk publikasi dan modul pelatihan. Outcome yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah pembuatan peta dan jalur evakuasi yang dicetak ukuran besar dan ditempel di dinding sekolah, sehingga dapat diketahui dan dipahami setiap warga sekolah. Secara umum, kegiatan pelatihan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dan guru sekolah dasar mengenai perencanaan evakuasi bencana di sekolah. Disamping itu, tersusunnya peta, jalur, dan rambu evakuasi bencana sesuai situasi dan kondisi sekolah masingmasing
PROGRAM HIDUP SEHAT MASYARAKAT PEDUKUHAN SALAM, BANJARHARJO KALIBAWANG
Authors: Wati Dewi Eko , Pungky Tiyah , Arsyahdi Farhan , Trianingsih Siska 
Published: February 2019

Desa Banjarharjo, Kecamatan Kalibawang, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta mempunyai permasalahan salah satunya tentang Â kurangnya kemampuan masyarakat memanfaatkan sampah yang masih dapat dimanfaatkan. Oleh karena itu, program KKN UAD difokuskan pada Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Tujuan program ini adalah Â untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam program hidup sehat. Metode pelaksanaan program ini meliputi pendidikan masyarakat, difusi iptek, dan praktik. Dampak dari program ini adalahÂ munculnya kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat dalam mengolah sampah yang masih dapat dimanfaatkan misalnya botol bekas menjadi perangkap lalat. Program ini difokuskan pada masyarakat pedukuhan Salam.Â Â