bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daikenchuto improved perioperative nutritional status of the patients with colorectal cancer: A prospective open-labeled randomized exploratory study
Authors: Fujita Fumihiko , Torashima Yasuhiro , Inoue Yusuke , Ito Shinichiro , Kobayashi Kazuma , Kanetaka Kengo , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: May 2019

Background and aims
The aim of this study is to exploratively evaluate the effect of Tsumura Daikenchuto Extract Granules (DKT, TJ-100) on abdominal symptoms, body weight, and nutritional function following colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods
The subjects included 20 patients for curative resection of colorectal cancer. A TJ-100 administration group (n = 10) and non-administration group (n = 10) were randomized and compared. In the administration group, TJ-100 was administered from 2 days prior to surgery up to 12 weeks following surgery. The endpoints included body weight gain, Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and blood biochemical factors. For the purpose of observing safety, drug adverse events were evaluated including liver function tests.

Results
Excluding one patient, we compared 9 cases in the administration group and 10 cases in the non-administration group. No obvious adverse events were observed in any of the cases. In the comparison of body weight gain, the TJ-100 administration group showed significantly higher values at 2, 4, and 12 weeks following the surgery. There was a tendency for lower stable GSRS scores in the administration group overall, with no statistically significant difference.

Conclusion
It is suggested that TJ-100 can be safely administered in the perioperative period for cases undergoing colorectal cancer surgery, potentially preventing weight loss during the early postoperative period.
Concepciones epistemológicas y didácticas de estudiantes avanzados del profesorado de educación primaria rural, en la provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina.
Authors: Zabalegui María Fernanda , Fabro Ana Patricia 
Published: May 2019

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivos identificar y analizar las concepciones epistemológicas y didácticas de futuros profesores de educación en primaria rural, en relación con la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales, lo cual posibilitaría comprender las cosmovisiones que inciden, determinan y condicionan la toma de decisiones sobre el qué y el cómo enseñar. Para ello se analizan entrevistas y planificaciones de clases, las cuales se interpretan a la luz de diferentes categorías en torno a las concepciones epistemológicas absolutista, relativista y la epistemología de la complejidad; y dentro de las posturas didácticas en relación con las corrientes tradicional, tecnicista, espontaneísta o activa y modelos alternativos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten señalar que los estudiantes avanzados del profesorado de educación primaria con orientación rural poseen concepciones epistemológicas en construcción acerca del conocimiento científico que varían desde el absolutismo cuando son entrevistados, hasta el relativismo y la perspectiva de la complejidad cuando planifican sus clases. En tanto que las posturas didácticas son fuertemente activas, complementadas con posicionamientos problematizadores y por indagación, tanto en las entrevistas como en las planificaciones.
Horticultural and horticultural-gardening associations as a kind of a consumer cooperative in the USSR
Authors: Seregina T. S. 
Published: May 2019

For the first time, horticultural and horticultural-gardening associations received their legislative consolidation in the domestic legal system in the 20s of the last century, since the first horticultural cooperative societies emerged on unoccupied lands near industrial centers. In practice, activities of horticultural and horticultural-gardening associations were regulated by special laws on horticulture, gardening, cooperation in the USSR that were further specified in the model statutes of 1956, 1966, 1985, and their formation was carried out in compliance with the situation in the country.In the author’s view, horticultural and horticultural-gardening associations under the legislation of the Soviet period were not independent legal entities, they were referred to the consumer cooperative associations and organizations. Each cooperative association of the Soviet period was formed under the influence of a uniform economic, political and ideological situation existing in the USSR.At present, the resolution of many legal issues still depends on the approaches applied during the Soviet period, which necessitates the introduction of significant legislative changes from January 1, 2019.
Repayment of an outstanding debt trough tax receivables of the taxpayer: do we need to amend the legislation?
Authors: Efremova E. S. 
Published: May 2019

The paper analyzes the use of imposing restorative measures of coercion on taxpayers having tax debts in the form of recovery of arrears from the amounts due to the outstanding debtor by his or her debtors.The author has examined the history of the institution of foreclosure on accounts receivable of the taxpayer in the domestic tax legislation of the 20th century and at the present stage, the experience of this institution’s functioning under the laws of Kazakhstan and Belarus, has analyzed the rules governing the foreclosure on accounts receivable under the Federal Law «On Enforcement Proceedings.»On the basis of the study, the author concludes that the current procedure for collecting receivables is ineffective and proposes to empower tax authorities to apply this measure of coercion directly to debtors are criticized, since they are not participants of tax relations.The author suggests that the Federal Law «On Enforcement Proceedings» be supplemented with additional rules providing for the right of the bailiff to appeal to the court to recover the amount of receivables from the debtor and for the subsequent application of the general rules of enforcement proceedings to the debtor.
Texts of religious nature with an extremist-terrorist focus as an object of hermeneutic research and a source of forensically significant information in judicial linguistic expertise
Authors: Nikishin V. D. 
Published: May 2019

The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the growing need of investigative and judicial practice in the research of speech works of religious discourse in connection with the rise of extremist sentiments in modern society. Despite the obvious need for expert practice in the development of scientific and methodological support for the examination of texts of religious content, to date they have been poorly studied in terms of their potential conflict. This led to the novelty of the studied topic and its practical significance.The purpose of the work is to study the problems of using special linguistic knowledge in cases of verbal religious extremism, namely the problems of the theoretical aspect of forensic examination of religious materials (texts of religious discourse) with extremist-terrorist focus.To accomplish the tasks, a corpus of sources on judicial linguistics (judicial verbal studies), judicial expertology, Russian and foreign legislation, international legal acts, and expert and judicial practice were used.The author gives his own concept of the relationship between the concepts of «verbal (verbal) extremism», «hate speech» and «verbal religious extremism», highlighting the range of articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation containing offenses correlated with these phenomena.The paper examines the problem of competence of linguistic experts involved in this category of cases, as well as the problem of the limits of their competence.
Dispute resolution by means of blockchain technology
Authors: Zasemkova O. F. 
Published: May 2019

One of the most important technological advances of recent times is the blockchain technology, which is gradually gaining recognition, having a significant impact on a number of industries. At the same time, the most interesting blockchain-based technology is smart contracts, which makes it possible to get rid of intermediaries and significantly reduce the costs the parties to cross-border contracts carry. With the development of new technologies, new types of disputes appear, which can not always be resolved through existing mechanisms, such as the court or international commercial arbitration. As a result, there is a need to modify existing or introduce new mechanisms that are more suitable for resolving disputes in the global digital decentralized economy. One of these mechanisms is blockchain-arbitration. Currently, several projects of such arbitration have been developed, the most interesting of which are CodeLegit, SAMBA and Kleros, each with a certain specificity. At the same time, the Kleros project, which is an attempt to create a decentralized quasi-judicial system for resolving disputes arising from smart contracts, deserves special attention. Analyzing each of these projects, the author points out some problems that may arise when using them, and suggests ways to solve them.
Germany’s dual education system: The assessment by its subjects
Authors: Pleshakova A. Yu. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction.The dual system of VET, widely practiced and popular in Germany, serves as a model for the European Union. The effectiveness of such training, successfully combining the development of theoretical knowledge with the practical activities of students, has been tested by life and time. The indisputable advantages of this system include its ability to respond quickly to the challenges of globalisation and transformation in the world of professions. In this regard, it is very important to address the socio-cultural and historical backgrounds of the dual system formation and to find out the reasons for its successful contemporary functioning.Theaimof the present publication was to comprehend the implementation experience of theGermany’s dual system based on the opinions analysis of experts and participants of the dual education system and the feedback from the direct participants of the educational process about this method of acquiring a profession and building a career path.Methodology and research methods.The leading research methods were questionnaire survey, comparative analysis and content analysis of empirical materials. Processing and generalisation of the detailed answers of respondents were based on the inductive method.Results.Historical, mental, socio-economic prerequisites for the appearance and formation of the Germany’s dual education system were identified and described. The methodology and methodological tools for the comparative analysis of attitudes of educational process members (students, practitioners, experts) and their points of view concerning degree of rationality, expediency and efficiency of support and development of dual forms of vocational education. The obtained data and synthesis of evaluative judgments of informants allow us to present an objective picture of the considered option for providing the country’s economy with the necessary labour resources.Practical significance.The materials of the article, confirming the prospects of the introduction and dissemination of the experience accumulated inGermany on the reproduction of skilled workers of enterprises, can be useful for understanding the directions of VET in other countries. Moreover, the research materials can be practically applied for the selection and creation of effective, similar to the German, mechanisms of rapid response to globalisation changes in the manufacturing sector.
Organisation of physical education at the university based on students’ constitutional types and health groups
Authors: Kolokoltsev M. M. , Ermakov S. S. , Tretyakova N. V. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction.Today, the significant direction of scientific search in the field of health preservation is to study the interrelation of functional characteristics and motor skills of students of different constitutional types and health groups. Specific morphological and physiometric characteristics of an organism and belonging to a certain somatotype should be taken into account when organising physical training in higher education institutions.Theaimof the research was to establish the degree of correlation of motor and functional characteristics of an organism of students with different constitutional types and health groups in order to improve an algorithm of planning and effective safe implementation process of physical training in a higher education institution.Methodology and research methods.Male-students (n = 1300) aged 17-20 years old of the 1st (n = 1012) and 2nd(n = 288) functional groups of health were examined. Constitutional types were determined according to M. V. Chernorutsky’s scheme with the calculation of values of Pignet index and Robinson index. Methods of the statistical analysis with the application of StatSoft Statistica 6.1 and Microsoft Excel programmes were used to process the obtained results in the process of diagnostics. The reliability of distinctions of average values was estimated by means of parametrical methods with the calculation of Student’s t-test.Results and scientific novelty.Motor features and functional characteristics of the cardiorespiratory system and physiometric parameters of firstand secondyear students (engaged in the programme of academic discipline “Elective Courses on Physical Culture and Sport” atIrkutskNationalResearchTechnicalUniversity) are recorded and considered. Reliable differences in the values of indicators of motor tests and functional characteristics of organisms of young people with different constitutional types are identified. In both health groups, the experiment allowed authors to reveal higher physical and functional preparedness of young men of normosthenic and asthenic constitutional types compared to their fellow hypersthenic students. Motor characteristics and functional reserve capacities of the cardiorespiratory system were higher in normosthenic and asthenic students of the 1st functional group in comparison with the representatives of the 2ndfunctional group of the same constitutional types. The conclusion is drawn on close interrelation of somatotypes with motor and functional characteristics of organisms of students engaged in physical culture.Practical significance.The research material and results contribute to the elaboration and development of the methodology of individually differentiated physical training of students in higher education institution.
O caráter remuneratório das recompensas dos programas de fidelidade e a discriminação do consumidor fidelizado
Authors: Rosa Luiz Carlos Goiabeira , Pamplona Naiara Guimarães , Martins Murilo Moreira 
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho objetiva abordar a relação contratual formada entre os programas de fidelidade e seus clientes associados, e bem assim evidenciar a abusividade das cláusulas que restringem a troca de pontos e milhas por produtos e serviços. Através dos métodos dedutivo e dialético, partir-se-á da generalidade das empresas desenvolverem meios cada vez mais agressivos de captação de clientes, demonstrando que os famosos pontos, milhas e vantagens não representam recompensas concedidas gratuitamente, mas sim créditos adquiridos onerosamente, ainda que de forma disfarçada, concluindo-se ao fim pela injustificada desigualdade promovida pelas empresas aos clientes fidelizados e não fidelizados, sendo aqueles inferiorizados justamente por optarem pelo programa de fidelidade.
Anti-money laundering regulation on the Brazilian art market
Authors: Machado Diogo De Oliveira 
Published: May 2019

Anti-money laundering regulation on the art market, is it a friend or a foe? This research contributes new insights to test possible answers to this question through the analysis of Ordinance no. 396/2016/IPHAN, enacted in Brazil to establish compliance measures to be followed by art and antiquities dealers to control money laundering practices. A pyramidal regulatory model suggests a conjunction of self-regulatory measures, administrative sanctions and criminal penalties as useful instruments to mitigate these illicit practices. This study focuses on the administrative initiatives requiring art professionals to undertake anti-money laundering due diligence measures and it critically analyses the extent to which they may rearrange the relations between dealers and clients. The contributions of the regulatory framework are recognised in so far as it shows itself able to meet societal aspiration for a respectable art market through a shrewdly responsive intervention rather than just formal bureaucratic constraints.
Um Direito sem Estado: a noção de autonomia como fundamento da constituição jurídica medieval
Authors: Grossi Paolo , Campos Felipe Pante Leme de 
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo pretende propor a noção de autonomia como chave de compreensão da constituição jurídica medieval. A proposta parte da preocupação em evitar o anacronismo da projeção de conceitos tão marcadamente modernos, como Estado e soberania, na Idade Média, isto é, de noções que tendem a absolutizar e a ver o direito como expressão de um ente político totalizante. Já a noção de autonomia, despida de todo caráter estatalista e entendida como autonomia institucional, permite uma compreensão melhor de uma experiência jurídica pluralista como a medieval, em que o direito é muito mais a ossatura invisível da sociedade e não tanto um reflexo da vontade do poder político, que, por sua vez, imersos em um tecido de relações, pouco atuavam como legisladores ou como soberanos absolutos de determinado território (o que guarda paralelismo com o caráter não absoluto do dominium medieval, instituto de direito privado).
Presenting the Fourth JDR Award
Authors: Takahashi Tomoyuki 
Published: May 2019

It is our great pleasure to present the Fourth JDR Award to Professor Nobuo Shuto for his outstanding contributions to the Journal of Disaster Research (JDR) as the Honorary Editor.
Professor Shuto, Professor Emeritus of Tohoku University, is a pioneer of the theoretical study of tsunamis. He has also made a large contribution to the development of numerical simulations, visualization through computer graphics, and other critical techniques for the study and control of tsunami disasters. The development of tsunami disaster reduction and management that we have today is thanks in large part to his achievements.
On behalf of the JDR editorial board, I wish to thank Professor Nobuo Shuto for his efforts and to congratulate him as the winner of the Fourth JDR Award.
Message from the Winner
Authors: Shuto Nobuo 
Published: May 2019

After the 1960 Great Chilean Tsunami, coastal dikes were remodeled and new ones constructed in Japan. In 1968, immediately after the completion of those construction and remodeling works, the Tokachi-Oki Earthquake struck, but fortunately the structures involved sustained very little damage. This led to a general feeling that it was possible to protect against the tsunamis completely by simply building coastal dikes and other defense structures. Japan did not see an increase in the number of tsunami researchers, but things were worse in the U.S. The National Science Foundation allocated its tsunami-related budget only to the NOAA, which issues tsunami forecasts, and allocated the rest of the budget entirely to ocean development. This situation continued until the 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu Earthquake Tsunami struck. In 1992, there was a tsunami earthquake off the coast of Nicaragua. Following that, research was conducted based on international cooperation through fax communications. Then cooperative international research continued to be done on tsunamis such as the 1992 Flores Tsunami, the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquake Tsunami, and the 1996 Irian Jaya Tsunami. However, their findings were provided only through Proceedings of the International Tsunami Symposium every two years, and most of the findings were limited to factual information about tsunamis.
Requests for information on tsunamis rapidly increased after the 2004 Great Indian Ocean Tsunami, information not only on the tsunami itself but also on tsunami countermeasures. It was when JDR made its appearance. The JDR disseminated the latest information for practical use. It also benefitted those who were the sources of information, as they no longer had to deal with the frustration of having to wait for conferences held only every two years. In addition, the JDR reviews submissions much more quickly than do other journals. Tsunamis, such as the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami and the 2018 Sulawesi Earthquake Tsunami, continue to strike. As a platform for sharing knowledge related to reconstruction and countermeasures, as well as to tsunamis themselves, the importance the JDR is growing.
This is why you are encouraged to contribute to the JDR.
Stability of empathy scores between first- and fourth-year medical students: A longitudinal study at a Japanese medical school
Authors: Nakanishi Toshimi , Ito Hirotaka 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: In medical practice, a relationship of trust between doctors and patients is essential. An important part of building and maintaining this relationship is empathy. Prior studies have suggested that empathy in medical students declined around the fourth year. The purpose of this study is to verify the decrease of empathy and gain further insights into empathy factors.
Methods: This longitudinal study of undergraduate medical students was conducted through a self-administered, 20-item survey, using a 5-point Likert scale. First (n=105) and fourth (n=62) year students at Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine in Japan were assessed for empathy using the Japanese version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE). Total empathy scores were calculated, and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to reveal the underlying factors of the Japanese version of JSPE. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the presence of any relationships between attributes such as gender-related differences, age, school year, and experience as a patient.
Results: In total, 234 participants were contacted, of whom 167 responded (71.3%). No decrease of mean empathy scores was shown between first-year (66.4) and fourth-year students (68.4). Factor analysis identified four factors: “building good patient-doctor relationship,” “importance of empathetic care,” “understanding patients’ view,” and “compassionate care.” A weak correlation (r = - 0.271) was observed between “understanding patients’ view” and “importance of empathetic care.” The odds ratio of females in “understanding patients’ view” and “compassionate care” was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in males. For “compassionate care,” statistically significant differences were noted for gender (p < 0.05) and age (p< 0.05) and the effect of gender being larger than age.
Conclusions: This longitudinal cohort study in one medical school in Japan showed that empathy scores of first- and fourth-year students did not decrease, and the contribution of “compassionate care” was lowest of the four factors. The results imply the necessity to provide a program that enables preclinical medical students to understand the significance of emotional empathy and express it before they appear for computer-based testing (CBT) and objective structured clinical examination (OBCE) in their fourth year.