bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strongly Correlated Aromatic Molecular Conductor
Authors: Hu Yong , Zhong Guohua , Guan Ying‐Shi , Armstrong Jason N. , Li Changning , Liu Changjiang , N'Diaye Alpha , Bhattacharya Anand , Ren Shenqiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractStrongly correlated electronic molecules open the way for strong coupling between charge, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom to enable interdisciplinary fields, such as molecular electronic switches and plasmonics, spintronics, information storage, and superconducting circuits. However, despite exciting computational predictions and promising advantages to prepare flexible geometries, the electron correlation effect in molecules has been elusive. Here, the electron correlation effects of molecular plasmonic films are reported to uncover their coupling of charge, spin, lattice, and orbital for the switchable metal‐to‐insulator transition under external stimuli, at which the simultaneous transition occurs from the paramagnetic, electrical, and thermal conducting state to the diamagnetic, electrical, and thermal insulating state. In addition, density functional theory calculation and spectroscopic studies are combined to provide the mechanistic understanding of electronic transitions and molecular plasmon resonance observed in molecular conducting films. The self‐assembled molecular correlated conductor paves the way for the next generation integrated micro/nanosystems.
Earthquake response control of a super high‐rise structure subjected to long‐period ground motions via a novel viscous damped system with multilever mechanism
Authors: Liu Wenguang , Guo Yan , Dong Xiuling , He Wenfu 
Published: February 2019

SummaryA novel viscous damped system and its principles are proposed in the paper. It is a novel viscous damped system with multilever mechanism that can improve the energy dissipation capacity of conventional viscous dampers. In order to compare the damping effects of the novel viscous damper with that of the conventional viscous damper, a shaking table test of a three‐story steel frame structure is performed. Testing results indicate that the novel viscous damped system is more efficient. The elastic time‐history analysis of a super high‐rise frame‐core tube structure is studied under the frequently occurring earthquake. Dynamic loads take two groups of ground motions with different period characteristics into account. Main response values such as base shear, interstory drift, and acceleration factor under long‐period ground motions are apparently larger than the seismic results due to standard ground motions. Responses between the undamped structure and the damped structure with conventional viscous dampers or the latest products are compared. It is concluded that the proposed viscous damped system can perform more effectively in reducing high‐rise structural responses subject to long‐period ground motions.
An improved synchronous reference frame filter for sliding mode observer position sensorless method of open‐winding pm generator system
Authors: Wang Yu , Hao Wenjuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn view of the relatively low estimation accuracy in the low‐pass filter (LPF)‐based sliding mode observer (SMO) method, synchronous reference frame filter (SRFF)‐based SMO (without input LPF) method, and SRFF‐based SMO (with input LPF) method, an improved SRFF‐based SMO position sensorless method of the open‐winding permanent magnet generator (OWPMG) system is presented. This improved SRFF consists of a programmable eighth‐order low‐pass filter (8th‐PLPF), a traditional SRFF, and two phase‐locked loops (PLL1 and PLL2). Based on the synchronous angular frequency obtained by PLL2, the 8th‐PLPF together with the traditional SRFF can not only effectively filter out the harmonics in the output of the SMO but also achieve the fundamental back‐EMF without magnitude and phase angle errors. Then, based on the obtained accurate back‐EMF, the estimated rotor position angle can be obtained without phase shift. The OWPMG system using the improved method can work well in both steady‐state and dynamic conditions, which is verified by experimental results. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measuring Thin Transparent Films Precisely
Authors: Quinten Michael 
Published: February 2019

SummaryFast Fourier transform (FTT) and nonlinear regression analysis are established analysis methods in the context of reflectometric layer thickness determination on thin transparent films.Where applicable, FFT is a very fast method for determining film thickness, but with limitations in resolution. The far more complex nonlinear regression analysis provides more accurate results. But it also has its problems which are discussed here.
Numerical solutions of fourth‐order fractional sub‐diffusion problems via parametric quintic spline
Authors: Li Xuhao , Wong Patricia J. Y. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a numerical scheme for a fourth‐order fractional sub‐diffusion problem using parametric quintic spline and a non‐uniform approximation for Caputo fractional derivatives. The solvability, convergence and stability of the scheme are established in maximum norm, and it is shown that the convergence order is higher than some earlier work done. Four numerical experiments are further carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme as well as to compare with other methods.
Incidence of dementia after age 90 in a multiracial cohort
Authors: Gilsanz Paola , Corrada Maria M. , Kawas Claudia H. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Glymour M. Maria , Quesenberry Charles P. , Lee Catherine , Whitmer Rachel A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionLittle is known about dementia incidence in diverse populations of oldest‐old, the age group with highest dementia incidence.MethodsIncident dementia diagnoses from 1/1/2010 to 9/30/2015 were abstracted from medical records for 2350 members of an integrated health care system in California (n = 1702 whites, n = 375 blacks, n = 105 Latinos, n = 168 Asians) aged ≥90 in 2010. We estimated race/ethnicity‐specific age‐adjusted dementia incidence rates and implemented Cox proportional hazards models and Fine and Gray competing risk of death models adjusted for demographics and comorbidities in midlife and late‐life.ResultsDementia incidence rates (n = 771 cases) were lowest among Asians (89.9/1000 person‐years), followed by whites (96.9/1000 person‐years), Latinos (105.8/1000 person‐years), and blacks (121.5/1000 person‐years). Cox regression and competing risk models estimated 28% and 36% higher dementia risk for blacks versus whites adjusting for demographics and comorbidities.DiscussionPatterns of racial/ethnic disparities in dementia seen in younger older adults continue after the age of 90 years, though smaller in magnitude.
The Responsibility of European Archaeologists
Authors: Popa Cătălin Nicolae 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article I address the relationship between European archaeologists and the European Union and argue that the dominant attitude of non-involvement that archaeologists have embraced over the past decades cannot be justified given recent political developments. The European project finds itself in a state of deep crisis, under siege from populist and far-right leaders within and around Europe. We cannot afford to watch from the sidelines when the future of hundreds of millions of people is at stake. As archaeologists we can make a positive contribution by harnessing the political dimension of our work, which we need to stop seeing in a negative light. We should deploy the past to help tackle the challenges of our society. European archaeologists should particularly focus on developing grand narratives of a shared past in Europe, to act as a foundation for a European identity.
Antimicrobial stewardship in rural nursing homes: Impact of interprofessional education and clinical decision tool implementation on urinary tract infection treatment in a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Pasay Darren K. , Guirguis Micheal S. , Shkrobot Rhonda C. , Slobodan Jeremy P. , Wagg Adrian S. , Sadowski Cheryl A. , Conly John M. , Saxinger Lynora M. , Bresee Lauren C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectives:To measure the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship initiative on the rate of urine culture testing and antimicrobial prescribing for urinary tract infections (UTIs) between control and intervention sites. Secondary objectives included evaluation of potential harms of the intervention and identifying characteristics of the population prescribed antimicrobials for UTI.Design:Cluster randomized controlled trial.Setting:Nursing homes in rural Alberta, Canada.Participants:The study included 42 nursing homes ranging from 8 to 112 beds.Methods/interventions:Intervention sites received on-site staff education, physician academic detailing, and integrated clinical decision-making tools. Control sites provided standard care. Data were collected for 6 months prior to and 12 months after the intervention.Results:Resident age (83.0 vs 83.8 years) and sex distribution (female, 62.5% vs 64.5%) were similar between the groups. Statistically significant decreases in the rate of urine culture testing (−2.1 tests per 1,000 resident days [RD]; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.5 to −1.7;P< .001) and antimicrobial prescribing for UTIs (−0.7 prescriptions per 1,000 RD; 95% CI, −1.0 to −0.4;P< .001) were observed in the intervention group. There was no difference in hospital admissions (0.00 admissions per 1,000 RD; 95% CI, −0.4 to 0.3;P= .76), and the mortality rate decreased by 0.2 per 1,000 RD in the intervention group (95% CI, −0.5 to −0.1;P= .002). Chart reviews indicated that UTI symptoms were charted in 16% of cases and that urine culture testing occurred in 64.5% of cases.Conclusion:A multimodal antimicrobial stewardship intervention in rural nursing homes significantly decreased the rate of urine culture testing and antimicrobial prescriptions for UTI, with no increase in hospital admissions or mortality.
Efficacy and safety of iron supplementation in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhang Fengxiao , Du Meng , Huang Kun , Wang Cheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFe therapy can be effective in heart failure patients both with and without anaemia. However, the role of Fe therapy in such patients is still uncertain. In this review, the aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fe therapy in adult patients with heart failure who have reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Multiple databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials) were searched up to December 2017 and the reference lists of relevant articles obtained from the search were reviewed. Data extracted from randomised control trials (RCT) selected for the review were pooled using a fixed effects model or a random effects model, according to heterogeneity between trials. Nine RCT were included in this meta-analysis which included a total of 789 patients who received Fe therapy and who in turn were compared with 585 controls. There was significant improvement in the 6-min walk test (19·05 m, 95 % CI 10·48, 27·62) and peak VO2/kg (0·93 ml/kg per min, 95 % CI 0·16, 1·69) in the Fe supplementation arm. With Fe therapy, fewer patients were hospitalised for heart failure (OR: 0·42, 95 % CI 0·27, 0·65), but no relationship was found for total re-hospitalisation (OR: 0·70, 95 % CI 0·32, 1·51) or mortality (OR: 0·70, 95 % CI 0·38, 1·28). Fe therapy has the potential to improve exercise tolerance, reduce re-hospitalisations for patients with HFrEF having Fe deficiency. In addition, Fe supplementation was found to be safe, with no increased rate of adverse events.
NONNEGATIVE MULTIPLICATIVE FUNCTIONS ON SIFTED SETS, AND THE SQUARE ROOTS OF −1 MODULO SHIFTED PRIMES
Authors: POLLACK PAUL 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn oft-cited result of Peter Shiu bounds the mean value of a nonnegative multiplicative function over a coprime arithmetic progression. We prove a variant where the arithmetic progression is replaced by a sifted set. As an application, we show that the normalized square roots of −1 (modm) are equidistributed (mod 1) asmruns through the shifted primesq− 1.
3D modelling of thallus topography of Lobaria pulmonaria facilitates understanding of water storage pools
Authors: PHINNEY Nathan H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLobaria pulmonaria is a widespread epiphytic foliose lichen that exhibits a prominent reticulum, a structure that has a presumed role in mechanical support and water capture. Using photogrammetry, thallus topography was digitally modelled in three dimensions to calculate 3D surface area (A3D), which was consistently greater than areas extracted from projected images (A2D). The A3D:A2D ratio, a proxy for topographic three-dimensionality, was strongly correlated with both specific thallus mass (STM) and external water-holding capacity (WHCexternal), suggesting that the reticulum in L. pulmonaria extends hydration, photosynthetic activity and growth, following rainfall. Three-dimensionality was more pronounced in larger thalli, which is likely beneficial to liquid water-dependent internal cephalodia that occur more in older thalli and most often within the fovea.
If analytic philosophy of religion is sick, can it be cured?
Authors: MIZRAHI MOTI 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, I argue that, if ‘the overrepresentation of Christian theists in analytic philosophy of religion is unhealthy for the field, since they would be too much influenced by prior beliefs when evaluating religious arguments’ (De Cruz & De Smedt (2016), 119), then a first step towards a potential remedy is this: analytic philosophers of religion need to restructure their analytical tasks. For one way to mitigate the effects of confirmation bias, which may be influencing how analytic philosophers of religion evaluate arguments in Analytical Philosophy of Religion (APR), is to consider other points of view. Applied to APR, this means considering religious beliefs, questions, and arguments couched in non-Christian terms. In this article, I focus on Islam in particular. My aim is to show that Islam is a fertile ground of philosophical questions and arguments for analytic philosophers of religion to engage with. Engaging with questions and arguments couched in non-Christian terms would help make work in APR more diverse and inclusive of religions other than Christianity, which in turn would also be a first step towards attracting non-Christians to APR.
Iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia in an infant following cardiac surgery: the culprit in a case of unresolved respiratory distress: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Heinrichs Erica N. , Miller Michelle S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAcquired diaphragmatic hernia is a rare complication of pediatric intervention or surgery. In this study, we report an infant with iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia following neonatal complex congenital cardiac surgery, and then we review the associated literature.
Assessing general public and policy influencer support for healthy public policies to promote healthy eating at the population level in two Canadian provinces
Authors: Kongats Krystyna , McGetrick Jennifer Ann , Raine Kim D , Voyer Corinne , Nykiforuk Candace IJ 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess and compare the favourability of healthy public policy options to promote healthy eating from the perspective of members of the general public and policy influencers in two Canadian provinces.DesignThe Chronic Disease Prevention Survey, administered in 2016, required participants to rank their level of support for different evidence-based policy options to promote healthy eating at the population level. Pearson’sχ2significance testing was used to compare support between groups for each policy option and results were interpreted using the Nuffield Council on Bioethics’ intervention ladder framework.SettingAlberta and Québec, Canada.ParticipantsMembers of the general public (n2400) and policy influencers (n302) in Alberta and Québec.ResultsGeneral public and policy influencer survey respondents were more supportive of healthy eating policies if they were less intrusive on individual autonomy. However, in comparing levels of support between groups, we found policy influencers indicated significantly stronger support overall for healthy eating policy options. We also found that policy influencers in Québec tended to show more support for more restrictive policy options than their counterparts from Alberta.ConclusionsThese results suggest that additional knowledge brokering may be required to increase support for more intrusive yet impactful evidence-based policy interventions; and that the overall lower levels of support among members of the public may impede policy influencers from taking action on policies to promote healthy eating.
Complex and Diverse Rupture Processes of the 2018 Mw 8.2 and Mw 7.9 Tonga‐Fiji Deep Earthquakes
Authors: Fan Wenyuan , Wei S. Shawn , Tian Dongdong , McGuire Jeffrey J. , Wiens Douglas A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDeep earthquakes exhibit strong variabilities in their rupture and aftershock characteristics, yet their physical failure mechanisms remain elusive. The 2018 Mw 8.2 and Mw 7.9 Tonga‐Fiji deep earthquakes, the two largest ever recorded in this subduction zone, occurred within days of each other. We investigate these events by performing waveform analysis, teleseismic P wave backprojection, and aftershock relocation. Our results show that the Mw 8.2 earthquake ruptured fast (4.1 km/s) and excited frequency‐dependent seismic radiation, whereas the Mw 7.9 earthquake ruptured slowly (2.5 km/s). Both events lasted ∼35 s. The Mw 8.2 earthquake initiated in the highly seismogenic, cold core of the slab and likely ruptured into the surrounding warmer materials, whereas the Mw 7.9 earthquake likely ruptured through a dissipative process in a previously aseismic region. The contrasts in earthquake kinematics and aftershock productivity argue for a combination of at least two primary mechanisms enabling rupture in the region.
Imaging Torfajökull's Magmatic Plumbing System With Seismic Interferometry and Phase Velocity Surface Wave Tomography
Authors: Martins J. E. , Ruigrok E. , Draganov D. , Hooper A. , Hanssen R. F. , White R. S. , Soosalu H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTorfajökull volcano, Iceland, has not erupted since 1477. However, intense geothermal activity, deformation, and seismicity suggest a long‐lasting magmatic system. In this paper, we use ambient noise tomography to image the magmatic system beneath Torfajökull volcano. One hundred days of ambient noise data from 23 broadband seismometers show the consistent presence of double‐frequency microseism noise with significant power between ∼0.1 and 0.5 Hz. Beamforming results indicate microseism noise with persistent higher energy propagating from west and SE directions and apparent velocities below 3 km/s. We use ambient noise seismic interferometry to retrieve Rayleigh waves, and we introduce a method to estimate the reliability of the retrieved surface waves. We find stable estimation of surface wave phase velocities between 0.16 and 0.38 Hz. Azimuthal velocity variations show a trend of higher velocities in the NE/SW direction, the strike of the rift zone intersecting Torfajökull, and orientation of erupted lavas on a NE‐SW fissure swarm. Tomographic results indicate low‐velocity anomalies beneath the volcano caldera (between −5% and −10%) and even lower velocity variations in the southeast and southwest study area (below −10%), outside the volcano caldera. Low anomalies may indicate the existence of hot material, more prominent outside the caldera outskirts. High‐velocity variations (between 5% and 10%) outline the volcano caldera between 4‐ and 5‐km depth and more pronounced velocities (between 10% and 15%) up to 5‐km depth in the north of the volcano caldera. We interpret the former as possible caldera collapse structure and the latest as solidified intrusive magma from the old preferred magma paths.
Testing the Influence of Static and Dynamic Stress Perturbations On the Occurrence of a Shallow, Slow Slip Event in Eastern Taiwan
Authors: Canitano Alexandre , Gonzalez‐Huizar Hector , Hsu Ya‐Ju , Lee Hsin‐Ming , Linde Alan T. , Sacks Selwyn 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe report the first evidence for the detection of a slow slip event in the Longitudinal Valley, in eastern Taiwan. The slow event, which lasted about 3.5 days, has been detected by borehole strainmeters. It occurred at shallow depths (about 2 to 4 km), either on the Longitudinal Valley Fault or on the Central Range Fault. Here we investigate whether the event occurrence was influenced by transient and periodic stress perturbations, in particular by the June 2013 Mw 6.2 Nantou earthquake, which occurred about 60 km away and 6 days prior to the event. Modeled changes in Coulomb stress in the direction parallel to the geologic slip vector on the fault planes show negative static stress changes (approximately −1.5 to −1 kPa), while maximum dynamic stress changes generated by the surface waves are ranging from 5.5 to 14.5 kPa. We also observe that the slow event initiated during a maximum of Earth and ocean tidal Coulomb stress changes (about 0.8 to 1.5 kPa). Dynamic and static stress perturbations represent a few percents to tens of percents of the stress buildup through the slow rupture cycle. However, the absence of recurrent events during the 12 years of strain monitoring (2006 to 2018) prevents to estimate the recurrence interval of the slow event, which limits our ability to further interpret the link between the rupture and the perturbations. Finally, there is no large and unique load transient at the time of the initiation, therefore this single event may have likely occurred spontaneously.
High‐Q Spectral Peaks and Nonstationarity in the Deep Ocean Infragravity Wave Band: Tidal Harmonics and Solar Normal Modes
Authors: Chave Alan D. , Luther Douglas S. , Thomson David J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInfragravity waves have received the least study of any class of waves in the deep ocean. This paper analyzes a 389‐day‐long deep ocean pressure record from the Hawaii Ocean Mixing Experiment for the presence of narrowband (≲2 μHz) components and nonstationarity over 400–4,000 μHz using a combination of fitting a mixture noncentral/central χ2 model to spectral estimates, high‐resolution multitaper spectral estimation, and computation of the offset coherence between distinct frequencies for a given data segment. In the frequency band 400–1,000 μHz there is a noncentral fraction of 0.67 ± 0.07 that decreases with increasing frequency. Evidence is presented for the presence of tidal harmonics in the data over the 400‐ to 1,400‐μHz bands. Above ~2,000 μHz the noncentral fraction rises with frequency, comprising about one third of the spectral estimates over 3,000–4,000 μHz. The power spectrum exhibits frequent narrowband peaks at 6–11 standard deviations above the noise level. The widths of the peaks correspond to a Q of at least 1,000, vastly exceeding that of any oceanic or atmospheric process. The offset coherence shows that the spectral peaks have substantial (p = 0.99–0.9999) interfrequency correlation, both locally and between distinct peaks within a given analysis band. Many of the peak frequencies correspond to the known values for solar pressure modes that have previously been observed in solar wind and terrestrial data, while others are the result of nonstationarity that distributes power across frequency. Overall, this paper documents the existence of two previously unrecognized sources of infragravity wave variability in the deep ocean.