bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of Graphite in the Preparation of Cathode Material Li3V2(PO4)3/C
Authors: Bai Guoliang , Wang Chunhua , Yang Yifu , Shao Ms. Huixia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGraphite and citric acid are simultaneously employed as carbon sources to prepare Li3V2(PO4)3/C (LVP/C) cathode material by a sol‐gel method. The effects of graphite on the structure and electrochemical performance of LVP/C are investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) method, and electrochemical measurements. The XRD patterns indicate that graphite influences the rate and the direction of the LVP crystal growth. The SEM results show that the sample has a unique porous wafer‐like morphology. The sample has initial discharge capacities of 128.7 and 124 mAh g−1 at 0.2 and 5 C rates in the potential range of 3.0‐4.3 V, respectively. The capacity retentions are 99.8% and 93.3% after 100 circles. In addition, a simple method for the determination of carbon content of LVP/C sample is put forward.
Halide‐Modulated Functionality of Wide Band Gap Zinc Oxide Semiconductor Nanoparticle
Authors: Maji Tuhin Kumar , Kar Prasenjit , Mandal Harahari , Bhattacharya Chinmoy , Karmakar Debjani , Pal Samir Kumar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSurface modification of inorganic nanomaterials using different ions is well‐known to induce significant modulation in functionality of the nanoparticles (NP), which improves tuning their relevant properties for suitable applications in the field of nanotechnology. Here, we report synthesis and surface modification of a model inorganic wide bandgap semiconductor ZnO NP by halide ions by simple precipitation method and demonstrate that proximity of various halide ions to the NP modifies their electronic properties. It is interesting to note that such surface modulation has little impact on its morphology, while significantly influencing their applications in photocatalytic activity or magnetism. Indeed, the halide attached ZnO NP displays a large reduction of defect state emission. Various microscopic and spectroscopic tools (including picosecond resolved technique) were used to characterize and understand the key role of the halide ions to modulate the light induced charge separation in ZnO NP. Picosecond resolved fluorescence spectra unveil a significant quenching, implying an electronic cross‐talking between the NP and the attached halide ions. Magnetic measurements indicate that attachment of a suitable halide ion introduces room temperature ferromagnetism in this system. Finally, the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO NP for the photodegradation of a model pollutant, methyl orange was evaluated under UV light irradiation. Halide ZnO is anticipated to be a very promising photocatalytic agent; hence it can be used to cleanup environmental pollution. First principles analysis has been performed to understand the modulation of electronic properties like photocatalysis and magnetism in halide attached nanosystem. The experimental behavior resembles nicely with theoretical results.
Multi‐Color Excitonic Emissions in Chemical Dip‐Coated Organolead Mixed‐Halide Perovskite
Authors: Tanveer Karim Al Momin M. , Rahman M. Azizar , Hossain M. S. , Khan M. K. R. , Rahman M. Mozibur , Kamruzzaman M. , Ton‐That Cuong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOrganolead mixed‐halide perovskites capable of emitting multiple colors not only allow the fabrication of compact devices but also improves the functionality of light emitting devices beyond conventional displays. Here we demonstrate a cost‐effective chemical dip‐coating technique to grow highly reproducible methylammonium‐lead‐halide perovskite film, which exhibits highly efficient multi‐color emissions of red, green and ultraviolet. The power‐ and temperature‐resolved cathodoluminescence analyses reveal that these emissions are attributed to localized excitions with thermal activation energies of 27, 29 and 57 meV. The non‐linear fitting of these emission band widths within the frame work of Boson model reveals that excitons are strongly coupled to the lattice with energy of 28 meV, which is consistent with the Raman measurement. This work presents an effective method for the deposition of high‐quality and large‐area perovskite film, which could be useful for high‐performance multi‐color display devices.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of But‐1‐ene at Low Temperature with Copper Ferrite Catalysts
Authors: Kiyokawa Takayasu , Ikenaga Naoki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) reactions of but‐1‐ene with copper and iron oxide catalysts were carried out with a fixed‐bed flow reactor in a temperature range of 230–350 °C at 1‐C4H8(mL/min)/O2(mL/min) flow ratios of 5/1, 5/2.5, 5/4, and 5/5 for 100 min. When CuFe2O4/AC prepared in the presence of activated carbon at a molar ratio of Cu/Fe=1/2 was used for the ODH under reaction conditions of 270 °C and 1‐C4H8/O2=5/5, the highest BD (buta‐1,3‐diene) yield of 15% for 100 min was achieved. When the usability of the CuFe2O4 structure was evaluated, it was clarified that the ODH and complete oxidation proceeded on copper oxides. In addition, CuFe2O4/AC mainly advanced the ODH, while CuO and Cu2O promoted the complete oxidation. CuFe2O4/AC catalyst showed the good catalytic performance in the ODH of but‐1‐ene at a low temperature of 270 °C. According to XRD and XPS analyses of CuFe2O4/AC, CuO/AC, and Cu2O before and after the reaction, most of the crystalline CuO phase changed to the Cu2O phase during the ODH, and the Cu2O phase was maintained in the ODH. These results indicated that complete oxidation occurred with the Cu2O phase. In the case of CuFe2O4/AC, although Cu species in CuFe2O4 were also reduced to Cu2O, many CuFe2O4 structures and Cu2+ species were maintained. This suggested that the maintenance of the CuFe2O4 structure and Cu2+ species is important in the production of BD.
Optimizing data stream processing for large‐scale applications
Authors: Cappellari Paolo , Roantree Mark , Chun Soon Ae 
Published: June 2018

SummaryStream processing systems are designed to analyze data arriving in real time and using continuous queries and respond when a specific event or sequence of events are detected. An important aspect of these systems is Streaming Analytics, which facilitates statistical calculations on continuous data within the stream. These systems must be designed to handle high volumes of data, be scalable, and accommodate a multitude of long‐lived concurrently running analytics. The challenges involved in the development of stream processing include on‐the‐fly transformation of data streams to match the query needs of users and the ability to model stream transformations to detect overlaps and possibilities for optimizations and to specify a methodology to deliver optimizations. In particular, this work focuses on exposing data stream application internals in order to detect reusable parts and then consolidate applications to optimize computational resource usage. The Streaming Data Analytics Model presented in this paper adopts a declarative approach that enables processing and manipulation of data streams in a simple manner while facilitating powerful optimizations necessary for managing high volumes of streaming data in real time. An evaluation is provided to demonstrate in both theoretical and quantitative aspects the high performance offered by our approach.
Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of compounds in Aloe arborescens Mill using liquid chromatography with ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and diode array detectors
Authors: Li Tiantian , Liao Ziqiong , Chen Mingyi , Liu Deliang , Zhang Shaobao , Lin Lei , Zheng Haihui , Liao Qiongfeng , Xie Zhiyong , Song Fenyun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn effective and comprehensive method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of compounds in the powder of Aloe arborescens Mill by liquid chromatography with ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Qualitative analysis of all the compounds presented in Aloe arborescens Mill was performed by liquid chromatography with ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. A total of 28 components from Aloe arborescens Mill were identified, including chromones, phenyl pyrones, anthrones and anthraquinones. The quantitative analysis of multi‐components by a single‐marker method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of aloenin, 2′‐α‐rhamnopyranosylisovitexin, aloinA, and aloinB in Aloe arborescens Mill leaves using high‐performance liquid chromatography. We can than calculate the contents of the other constituents with the relative correction factors correspondingly. In comparison with the results obtained using the external standard method, the quantitative analysis of multi‐components by the single‐marker method demonstrates no significant difference. This is the first simultaneous characterization and quantitative determination of multiple compounds in Aloe arborescens Mill. It can be applied to standardize the quality of Aloe arborescens Mill as well as the future design of nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.
Quality assessment of uterine artery Doppler measurement in first‐trimester combined screening for pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Rolnik D. L. , da Silva Costa F. , Sahota D. , Hyett J. , McLennan A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the quality of mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) measurement in a first‐trimester pre‐eclampsia screening program.MethodsConsecutive women with a singleton pregnancy attending first‐trimester screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities also had combined screening for pre‐eclampsia based on the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm, at a large practice in Sydney, Australia, from May 2014 to February 2017. Distributions of mean UtA‐PI multiples of the median (MoM) on a logarithmic scale were plotted in relation to the normal median with 95% CI for each operator and for each month. Central tendency and dispersion and cumulative sum charts were produced. Mean UtA‐PI MoM values between 0.95 and 1.05 were considered ideal and those between 0.90 and 1.10 were considered acceptable. The screen‐positive rates for preterm pre‐eclampsia in different groups of sonographers according to their mean log10 UtA‐PI MoM were calculated and compared using the chi‐square test.ResultsA total of 21 010 women attended for first‐trimester ultrasound and had screening for pre‐eclampsia. The overall median UtA‐PI MoM was 1.042 (interquartile range (IQR), 0.85–1.26). Of 46 sonographers, 42 (91.3%) performed more than 50 examinations and, of those, 41 (97.6%) measured UtA‐PI within the acceptable range. Sonographers measuring UtA‐PI MoM on average below 0.95 and those measuring it above 1.05 had, respectively, lower and higher screen‐positive rates when compared with those with measurements within the 0.95–1.05 UtA‐PI MoM interval (7.2% and 13.2% vs 11.2%, respectively, P < 0.001).ConclusionUtA Doppler is measured well among trained operators when following an established protocol. While slight variations are expected, systematic error in this measurement impacts on the screen‐positive rate. Therefore, a quality control process should be in place and retraining of staff may be required. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Should phenotype of previous preterm birth influence management of women with short cervix in subsequent pregnancy? Comparison of vaginal progesterone and Arabin pessary
Authors: Care A. , Muller‐Myhsok B. , Olearo E. , Todros T. , Caradeux J. , Goya M. , Palacio M. , Carreras E. , Alfirevic Z. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate whether the classification of a previous spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) as preterm labor (PTL) with intact membranes (IM) or as preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) impacts the efficacy of cervical pessary or vaginal progesterone for prevention of sPTB in pregnant women with short cervix on transvaginal ultrasound.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of asymptomatic high‐risk singleton pregnancies with a short cervix and history of sPTB, treated using Arabin pessary or vaginal progesterone for primary PTB prevention, conducted at four European hospitals. A log‐rank test on Kaplan–Meier curves was used to assess the difference in performance of pessary and progesterone, according to history of PTL‐IM or PPROM. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate significant predictors of gestational age at delivery.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2015, 170 women were treated with a pessary and 88 with vaginal progesterone. In women treated with a pessary, rate of sPTB < 34 weeks was 16% in those with a history of PTL‐IM and 55% in those with a history of PPROM. In women treated with progesterone, rate of sPTB < 34 weeks was 13% in those with a history of PTL‐IM and 21% in those with a history of PPROM. Treatment with a pessary resulted in earlier delivery in women with previous PPROM than in any other subgroup (P < 0.0001). Linear regression analysis showed a clear effect of PPROM history (P < 0.0001), combination of PPROM history and treatment (P = 0.0003) and cervical length (P = 0.0004) on gestational age at birth.ConclusionsCervical pessary may be a less efficacious treatment option for women with previous PPROM; however, these results require prospective validation before change in practice is recommended. Phenotype of previous preterm birth may be an important risk predictor and treatment effect modifier; this information should be reported in future clinical trials. © 2018 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Effect of uncertainty sources on the reliability level of wind turbine rotor blades
Authors: Bacharoudis Konstantinos C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWind turbine rotor blades are large composite structures performing most of their design life under random cycle loading patterns. Concurrently, material properties of the constituent plies exhibit inherent variability. In order to ensure a safe and cost‐effective design, uncertainty related to the basic variables (material properties, loads etc.) should be quantified and taken into account in the design calculations. Recently, the blade design standard DNVGL‐ST‐0376 was released, showing the trend of using dedicated probabilistic analysis for wind turbine blade design. A critical evaluation of the new edition of the standard is performed herein, particularly in terms of the ability of the suggested safety factors to satisfy the target failure probability level of 1E‐04. To this end, probabilistic analysis methodology is employed, starting with the measurement uncertainty for the static and fatigue properties of the composite material and going all the way up to the blade failure probability on a layer by layer basis. The application is performed on the INNWIND.EU reference 10MW rotor blade of 90‐m length. Furthermore, the current reliability level of the specific blade design, following the new standard DNVGL‐ST‐0376, is estimated considering the various failure modes, ie, fibre failure (short term and fatigue strength), buckling, and inter fibre failure of the composite laminates, while taking into account sources of variability that contribute to the physical, statistical, measurement, and model uncertainty. Results indicate that while for the static (extreme) analysis deterministic results are conservative, the opposite is observed for fatigue analysis.
RNA methylation in nuclear pre‐mRNA processing
Authors: Covelo‐Molares Helena , Bartosovic Marek , Vanacova Stepanka 
Published: June 2018

Eukaryotic RNA can carry more than 100 different types of chemical modifications. Early studies have been focused on modifications of highly abundant RNA, such as ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA, but recent technical advances have made it possible to also study messenger RNA (mRNA). Subsequently, mRNA modifications, namely methylation, have emerged as key players in eukaryotic gene expression regulation. The most abundant and widely studied internal mRNA modification is N6‐methyladenosine (m6A), but the list of mRNA chemical modifications continues to grow as fast as interest in this field. Over the past decade, transcriptome‐wide studies combined with advanced biochemistry and the discovery of methylation writers, readers, and erasers revealed roles for mRNA methylation in the regulation of nearly every aspect of the mRNA life cycle and in diverse cellular, developmental, and disease processes. Although large parts of mRNA function are linked to its cytoplasmic stability and regulation of its translation, a number of studies have begun to provide evidence for methylation‐regulated nuclear processes. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in RNA methylation research and highlight how these new findings have contributed to our understanding of methylation‐dependent RNA processing in the nucleus.This article is categorized under:

RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
Scrutinizing $$ \overline{B}\to {D}^{\ast}\left(D\pi \right){\ell}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$ and $$ \overline{B}\to {D}^{\ast}\left(D\upgamma \right){\ell}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$ in search of new physics footprints
Authors: Colangelo P. , De Fazio F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Besides being important to determine Standard Model parameters such as the CKM matrix elements |V

cb
| and |V

ub
|, semileptonic B decays seem also promising to reveal new physics (NP) phenomena, in particular in connection with the possibility of uncovering lepton flavour universality (LFU) violating effects. In this view, it could be natural to connect the tensions in the inclusive versus exclusive determinations of |V

cb
| to the anomalies in the ratios R(D
(*)) of decay rates into τ vs μ, e. However, the question has been raised about the role of the parametrization of the hadronic B → D
(*) form factors in exclusive B decay modes. We focus on the fully differential angular distributions of

$$ \overline{B}\to {D}^{\ast }{\ell}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$

B
¯

→

D
∗

ℓ
−

ν
¯

ℓ

with D
∗ → Dπ or D
∗ → Dγ, the latter mode being important in the case of B

s
→ D

s

*
decays. We show that the angular coefficients in the distributions can be used to scrutinize the role of the form factor parametrization and to pin down deviations from SM. As an example of a NP scenario, we include a tensor operator in the b → c semileptonic effective Hamiltonian, and discuss how the angular coefficients allow to construct observables sensitive to this structure, also defining ratios useful to test LFU.
Consequences of minimal seesaw with complex μτ antisymmetry of neutrinos
Authors: Samanta Rome , Roy Probir , Ghosal Ambar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe propose a complex extension ofμτpermutation antisymmetry in the neutrino Majorana matrixMν. The latter can be realized for the Lagrangian by appropriate CP transformations on the neutrino fields. The resultant form ofMνis shown to be simply related to that with a complex (CP) extension of μτ permutation symmetry, with identical phenomenological consequences, though their group theoretic origins are quite different. We investigate those consequences in detail for the minimal seesaw induced by two strongly hierarchical right-chiral neutrinosN1andN2with the result that the Dirac phase is maximal while the two Majorana phases are either 0 orπ. We further provide an uptodate discussion of theββ0νprocess vis-a-vis ongoing and forthcoming experiments. Finally, a thorough treatment is given of baryogenesis via leptogenesis in this scenario, primarily with the assumption that the lepton asymmetry produced by the decays ofN1only matters here with the asymmetry produced byN2being washed out. Tight upper and lower bounds on the mass ofN1are obtained from the constraint of obtaining the correct observed range of the baryon asymmetry parameter and the role played byN2is elucidated thereafter. The mildly hierarchical right-chiral neutrino case (including the quasidegenerate possibility) is discussed in an appendix.
Proposal for a Safe and Functional Pancreaticojejunostomy Technique from a Histopathological Perspective
Authors: Mitsuyoshi Akira , Hamada Shinshichi , Ohe Hidenori , Fujita Haruku , Okabe Hiroshi , Inoguchi Kenta 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo prevent leakage of pancreatic juice from the main pancreatic duct (MPD), complete external drainage appears to be the most effective technique. However, because this requires a pancreatic stent tube to be ligated with MPD, duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) is difficult. From our histopathological examination, a large amount of pancreatic juice is drained from the ducts other than MPD. This study aimed to evaluate our new conceptual technique of PJ after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).MethodsWe considered it important to drain pancreatic juice from the branch pancreatic ducts to the intestinal tract and to perform duct‐to‐mucosa PJ, while pancreatic juice from MPD is completely drained out of the body. We designed a technique that could simultaneously achieve these points. In our technique, which is based on conventional “two‐row” anastomosis, a stent tube is fixed with MPD and its surrounding tissue by purse‐string suture at the cut surface of the pancreas, and duct‐to‐mucosa PJ is concomitantly performed.ResultsOf 45 patients undergoing PD, 12 of soft pancreas underwent surgery with this technique. According to the classification of the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula, a Grade A PF was observed in four patients, whereas no patient had a Grade B or C PF.ConclusionsWe propose our anastomotic technique that could simultaneously prevent PF and keep the pancreatic duct patent.
Safety of orogastric tubes in foregut and bariatric surgery
Authors: Nandra Kulvir , Ing Richard 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Orogastric tubes have traditionally aided foregut procedures with sizing and organ protection. The rise of bariatric surgery has led to the creation of novel medical devices aimed at facilitating the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. While approved by the FDA, the long-term safety profile of these devices in the general population is often unknown. This review looks at complications associated with novel Orogastric Tubes compared to the traditional bougie.

Methods
We performed a review of the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database for complications associated with the traditional bougie, Boehringer Labs ViSiGi 3D® and the Medtronic GastriSail™ since 2011. In addition, we looked for reported cases in the literature of complications with these devices.

Results
Overall complication rates reported in the MAUDE database varied in number and severity. The bougie had seven reported complications, one of which was an organ perforation. The ViSiGi 3D® had zero reported complications. The GastriSail™ had 36 total reported complications with 17 perforations. A literature review shows that rates of bougie complications are extremely rare with no case reports or reviews of complications from the novel orogastric tubes.

Conclusions
The complication rates between the traditional bougie and novel devices vary in number and severity, with the GastriSail™ having the highest reported complication rate. Despite rigorous testing for FDA approval, ongoing research into performance of new medical devices in the general population remains important.