bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated high-density lipoprotein in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes is associated with endothelial dysfunction in the presence of systemic inflammation
Authors: Chiesa Scott T , Charakida Marietta , McLoughlin Eve , Nguyen Helen C , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Motran Laura , Elia Yesmino , Marcovecchio M Loredana , Dunger David B , Dalton R Neil , Daneman Denis , Sochett Etienne , Mahmud Farid H , Deanfield John E 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Aims
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) function may be altered in patients with chronic disease, transforming the particle from a beneficial vasoprotective molecule to a noxious pro-inflammatory equivalent. Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes often have elevated HDL, but its vasoprotective properties and relationship to endothelial function have not been assessed.

Methods and results
Seventy adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (age 10–17 years) and 30 age-matched healthy controls supplied urine samples for the measurement of early renal dysfunction (albumin:creatinine ratio; ACR), blood samples for the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors (lipid profiles, HDL functionality, glycaemic control, and inflammatory risk score), and had their conduit artery endothelial function tested using flow-mediated dilation (FMD). HDL-c levels (1.69 ± 0.41 vs. 1.44 ± 0.29mmol/L; P &lt; 0.001), and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (8.4 ± 1.2 vs. 5.4 ± 0.2%; P &lt; 0.001) were increased in all patients compared with controls. However, increased inflammation and HDL dysfunction were evident only in patients who also had evidence of early renal dysfunction (mean ± standard deviation for high-ACR vs. low-ACR and healthy controls: inflammatory risk score 11.3 ± 2.5 vs. 9.5 ± 2.4 and 9.2 ± 2.4, P &lt; 0.01; HDL-mediated nitric-oxide bioavailability 38.0 ± 8.9 vs. 33.3 ± 7.3 and 25.0 ± 7.7%, P &lt; 0.001; HDL-mediated superoxide production 3.71 ± 3.57 vs. 2.11 ± 3.49 and 1.91 ± 2.47nmol O2 per 250 000 cells, P &lt; 0.05). Endothelial function (FMD) was impaired only in those who had both a high inflammatory risk score and high levels of HDL-c (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Increased levels of HDL-c commonly observed in individuals with Type 1 diabetes may be detrimental to endothelial function when accompanied by renal dysfunction and chronic inflammation.
Do sociodemographic characteristics associated with the use of CAM differ by chronic disease?
Authors: Drieskens Sabine , Tafforeau Jean , Demarest Stefaan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundComplementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is oftenused to alleviate the discomfort, disability and pain involved in many chronic diseases. Besides this, females, middle-aged and higher educated people are also known to use CAM the most. This study explores whether the sociodemographic characteristics associated with CAM use differ by type of disease.MethodsThe following data were taken from the Belgian Health Interview Survey 2013 for the individuals aged 15+ years (n = 8942): sociodemographic characteristics, past 12-month diseases (using a list) and contact with a homeopath, chiropractor, acupuncturist and/or osteopath (CAM-therapists) in the past year. The association between CAM use and disease, controlled for gender, age, education and conventional medicine use, was assessed through logistic regressions. When interactions with the sociodemographic characteristics were found, stratified regressions were conducted.ResultsPeople with musculoskeletal diseases [odds ratio (OR) = 2.6], allergy (OR = 1.4) and severe headache (OR = 1.5) had higher odds of using CAM in the past year with statistical significance. For musculoskeletal diseases, the odds of using CAM was higher, with statistical significance, for every sociodemographic subclass. For allergy, CAM use was higher among men, people aged 45+ years and lower educated people, while for severe headache CAM use was higher among women, people aged 45+ years and higher educated people, all with statistical significance.ConclusionsSociodemographic characteristics associated with CAM use differ by diseases. The role of CAM in disease management cannot be ignored. Making physicians aware for which disease CAM is used and by whom, may facilitate disease management.
Social Work Practice with Medical Assistance in Dying: A Case Study
Authors: Antifaeff Kelsey 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Medical assistance in dying (MAiD) recently became legal in Canada, and social workers have an integral role providing psychosocial care to those considering this end-of-life care option. Research has found that most requests for assisted dying have a psychosocial dimension. Social workers are uniquely equipped to understand the personal and contextual factors informing the choice for MAiD and offer supports. A case example highlights practice opportunities for social workers throughout the MAiD process.
Actual Anti-TNF Trough Levels Relate to Serum IL-10 in Drug-Responding Patients With Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Zapater Pedro , Almenara Susana , Gutiérrez Ana , Sempere Laura , García Marifé , Laveda Raquel , Martínez Antonio , Scharl Michael , Cameo José I , Linares Raquel , González-Navajas José M , Wiest Reiner , Rogler Gerhard , Francés Rubén 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) responding to anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) show great variability in serum drug levels, even within the therapeutic range. We aimed at exploring the role of inflammatory, genetic, and bacterial variables in relation to anti-TNF through levels in CD patients.

Methods
Consecutive CD patients receiving stable doses of infliximab or adalimumab were included. Clinical and analytical parameters were recorded. Cytokine response, bacterial DNA translocation, and several immune-related genes’ genotypes were evaluated, along with serum through anti-TNF drug levels. A linear regression analysis controlled by weight and drug regimen was performed.

Results
One hundred nineteen patients were initially considered. Five patients on infliximab and 2 on adalimumab showed antidrug antibodies in serum and were excluded. One hundred twelve patients were finally included (62 on infliximab, 50 on adalimumab). Fourteen patients on infliximab and 15 on adalimumab (22.6% vs 30%, P = 0.37) were receiving an intensified drug regimen. C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin, Crohn’s Disease Activity Index, leukocyte count, and albumin levels in plasma were not significantly associated with infliximab or adalimumab levels in the multivariate analysis. Serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were directly related to infliximab (Beta = 0.097, P < 0.0001) and adalimumab levels (Beta = 0.069, P = 0.0241). The best multivariate regression model explaining the variability of serum infliximab and adalimumab levels included IL-10. Predicted drug levels by this model robustly fitted with actual drug levels (R2 = 0.841 for infliximab, R2 = 0.733 for adalimumab).

Conclusion
Serum IL-10 is significantly related to serum anti-TNF levels in CD patients, showing how the disposition of anti-TNF drugs is significantly influenced by the degree of immunological activation.
Feasibility of planning coronary artery bypass grafting based only on coronary computed tomography angiography and CT-derived fractional flow reserve: a pilot survey of the surgeons involved in the randomized SYNTAX III Revolution trial
Authors: Sonck Jeroen , Miyazaki Yosuke , Collet Carlos , Onuma Yoshinobu , Asano Taku , Takahashi Kuniaki , Kogame Norihiro , Katagiri Yuki , Modolo Rodrigo , Serruys Patrick W , Bartorelli Antonio L , Andreini Daniele , Doenst Torsten , Maureira Juan Pablo , Plass Andre , La Meir Mark , Pompillio Giulio 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Invasive coronary angiography has been the preferred diagnostic method to guide the decision-making process between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention and plan a surgical revascularization procedure. Guidelines recommend a heart team approach and assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) complexity, objectively quantified by the anatomical SYNTAX score. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) are emerging technologies in the diagnosis of stable CAD. In this study, data from patients with left main or 3-vessel CAD who underwent CABG were evaluated to assess the feasibility of developing a surgical plan based on CCTA integrated with FFRCT. The primary objective was to assess the theoretical feasibility of surgical decision-making and treatment planning based only on non-invasive imaging.

METHODS
This study represents a survey of surgeons involved in the SYNTAX III Revolution trial. In this trial, heart teams were randomized to make treatment decisions using CTA. CCTAs and FFRCT results of 20 patients were presented to 5 cardiac surgeons.

RESULTS
Surgical treatment decision-making based on CCTA with FFRCT was considered feasible by a panel of surgeons in 84% of the cases with an excellent agreement on the number of anastomoses to be made in each patient (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.35–0.96).

CONCLUSIONS
Using non-invasive imaging only in patients with left main or 3-vessel CAD, an excellent agreement on treatment planning and the number of anastomoses was found among cardiac surgeons. Thus, CABG planning based on non-invasive imaging appears feasible. Further investigation is warranted to determine the safety and feasibility in clinical practice.
Proof of the Cluckers–Veys Conjecture on Exponential Sums for Polynomials With Log-Canonical Threshold at Most a Half
Authors: Chambille Saskia , Nguyen Kien Huu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we will give two proofs of the Cluckers–Veys conjecture on exponential sums for the case of polynomials in ${{\mathbb{Z}}}[x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]$ having log-canonical thresholds at most one-half. In particular, these results imply Igusa’s conjecture and Denef–Sperber’s conjecture under the same restriction on the log-canonical threshold.
A New Proof of Raynaud–Gruson’s Flattening Theorem
Authors: Guignard Quentin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We give a new proof of Raynaud–Gruson’s theorem regarding flattening by blow-ups. The proof is direct, by working directly on the inverse limit of all admissible blow-ups, which is a valuative space similar to the classical Zariski–Riemann space. These valuative spaces are defined in a broader context and always have an analogous flattening property; this yields a generalization of Raynaud–Gruson’s theorem.
Energy Minimizing Beltrami Fields on Sasakian 3-Manifolds
Authors: Peralta-Salas Daniel , Slobodeanu Radu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We study on which compact Sasakian 3-manifolds the Reeb field, which is a Beltrami field with eigenvalue $2$, is an energy minimizer in its adjoint orbit under the action of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms. This minimization property for Beltrami fields is relevant because of its connections with the phenomenon of magnetic relaxation and the hydrodynamic stability of steady Euler flows. We characterize the Sasakian manifolds where the Reeb field is a minimizer in terms of the 1st positive eigenvalue of the curl operator and show that for $a&gt;a_0$ (a constant that depends on the Sasakian structure) the Reeb field of the $\mathcal{D}$-homothetic deformation of the manifold with constant $a$ (which is still Sasakian) is an unstable critical point of the energy and hence not even a local minimizer. We also provide some examples of Sasakian manifolds where the Reeb field is a minimizer, highlighting the case of the weighted 3-spheres, on which another minimization problem (for the quartic Skyrme–Faddeev energy) is shown to admit exact solutions.
Can menstrual health apps selected based on users’ needs change health-related factors? A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Jisan , Kim Jeongeun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Objective
Most healthcare providers are reluctant to use health apps for healthcare because there is no rigorous way of choosing the best app for their patient or consumer. Accordingly, we developed a new method of app selection that fully considers target users’ needs. This study verified whether health apps selected based on target users’ needs can influence health-related factors.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a randomized control trial of women with dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome using App A (the best app selected using the new method) and App B (the app with the highest number of users worldwide). The intervention was performed over 4 months to include at least 3 menstrual cycles.

Results
Sixty-one app users completed the 16-week intervention. While users rated both apps as higher in quality than previously used menstrual apps, only App A users showed significant improvements in overall satisfaction, app outcome expectancy, the number of days with records, app social influence, intent to recommend, and the possibility of behavioral or cognitive changes in their symptom management. The number of menus used increased over time. While the app self-efficacy and the number of relief methods did not significantly differ between groups, they still showed an increase in App A users.

Conclusions
When a menstrual app reflected users’ needs, they recorded their symptoms more often and reported higher app quality, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. This study can not only benefit the selection of menstrual apps, but also confirm that mobile health apps can improve health-related factors.
Racial and ethnic disparities in use of a personal health record by veterans living with HIV
Authors: Javier Sarah J , Troszak Lara K , Shimada Stephanie L , McInnes D Keith , Ohl Michael E , Avoundjian Tigran , Erhardt Taryn A , Midboe Amanda M 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Objective
To examine sociodemographic characteristics associated with use of My HealtheVet (MHV) by veterans living with HIV.

Materials and Methods
Veterans Health Administration administrative data were used to identify a cohort of veterans living with HIV in fiscal years 2011–2017. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine demographic characteristics and racial/ethnic differences in MHV registration and tool use. Chi-Square tests were performed to assess associations between race/ethnicity and MHV registration and tool use.

Results
The highest proportion of registrants were non-Hispanic White veterans living with HIV (59%), followed by Hispanic/Latino (55%) and Black veterans living with HIV (40%). Chi-Square analyses revealed that: (1) MHV account registration was significantly lower for both Black and Hispanic/Latino veterans in comparison to White veterans and (2) Black MHV registrants were less likely to utilize any MHV tool compared with White MHV registrants including Blue Button record download, medication refills, secure messaging, lab, and appointment views.

Discussion
In line with prior research on personal health record (PHR) use among non-veteran populations, these findings show racial and ethnic inequities in MHV use among veterans living with HIV. Racial and ethnic minorities may be less likely to use PHRs for a myriad of reasons, including PHR privacy concerns, decreased educational attainment, and limited access to the internet.

Conclusion
This is the first study to examine racial and ethnic disparities in use of MHV tools by veterans living with HIV and utilizing Veterans Health Administration health care. Future research should examine potential moderating factors linked to decreased PHR use among racial and ethnic minority veterans, which could inform strategies to increase PHR use among vulnerable populations.
Morelloflavone as a novel inhibitor of mitotic kinesin Eg5
Authors: Ogunwa Tomisin Happy , Taii Kenichi , Sadakane Kei , Kawata Yuka , Maruta Shinsaku , Miyanishi Takayuki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAmong 40 plant-derived biflavonoids with inhibitory potential against Eg5, morelloflavone from Garcinia dulcis leaves was selected for further testing based on in silico analysis of binding modes, molecular interactions, binding energies and functional groups that interact with Eg5. Computational models predicted that morelloflavone binds the putative allosteric pocket of Eg5, within the cavity surrounded by amino acid residues of Ile-136, Glu-116, Glu-118, Trp-127, Gly-117, Ala-133, Glu-215, Leu-214 and Tyr-211. Binding energy was −8.4 kcal/mol, with a single hydrogen bond formed between morelloflavone and Tyr-211. The binding configuration was comparable to that of a reference inhibitor, S-trityl-L-cysteine. Subsequent biochemical analysis in vitro confirmed that morelloflavone inhibited both the basal and microtubule-activated ATPase activity of Eg5 in a manner that does not compete with ATP binding. Morelloflavone also suppressed Eg5 gliding along microtubules. These results suggest that morelloflavone binds the allosteric binding site in Eg5 and thereby inhibits ATPase activity and motor function of Eg5.
Why Serious International Crimes Might Not Seem ‘Manifestly Unlawful’ to Low-level Perpetrators
Authors: Smeulers Alette 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Article 33 of the International Criminal Court Statute allows low-ranking perpetrators to — in exceptional cases — rely on the defence of superior orders. By doing so, Article 33 might be seen as an acknowledgement that within a specific context orders to commit international crimes might not always be manifest unlawful. Article 33(2), however, restricts the possibility to rely on this defence to perpetrators of war crimes and denies perpetrators of crimes against humanity and genocide a similar defence, since according to Article 33(2), such orders are considered always to be manifestly unlawful. This contribution questions whether such a distinction should be made. Many low-ranking perpetrators involved in such crimes by following superior orders seem to genuinely believe that they were doing the ‘right thing’. This article seeks to explain how these perpetrators might have come to such a belief, and the challenge this might represent to the core principles which underpin the concept of individual criminal responsibility.
The contribution of nanostructures towards the wing patterning of yellow Catopsilia pomona. How it differs from the lime?
Authors: Mishra Monalisa , Rathore Varsha , Sahu Swetapadma , sahoo Harekrushna 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPolyphenism, an adaptation to survive throughout the year, is shown by many butterflies including Catopsilia pomona. With the variation of seasons, different morphs were found. Among all the morphs, lime exists throughout the year whereas the yellow one is available only in the winter season. The current study deciphers the colouration mechanism of yellow morph using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals various types of scales on the dorsal as well as the ventral side. The shape of the cover scale varies from region to region. The fine structural arrangement of the scale like window, ridge, microrib, crossrib and pigments vary throughout the wing. The pigment present in the wing is pterin as evidenced from the shape and its isolation technique. Absorption spectroscopy further confirms the presence of various types of pterin within the wing. Scanning electron microscopy discloses the dense amount of pigments within the wing. The fine structural arrangement of the wing of yellow C. pomona is compared with the yellow region of the lime C. pomona. All together, the current study describes the fine structural arrangement of the wing of yellow C. pomona and the various types of pterin which contribute towards the wing colouration. The advantage of yellow morph over lime is also discussed in this paper.
Intraoperative Monitoring of Heparin: Comparison of Activated Coagulation Time and Whole Blood Heparin Measurements by Different Point-of-Care Devices with Heparin Concentration by Laboratory-Performed Plasma Anti-Xa Assay
Authors: Thompson Thomas Z , Kunak Rebecca L , Savage Natasha M , Agarwal Shvetank , Chazelle Jennifer , Singh Gurmukh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundCardiac surgical interventions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, transcutaneous coronary-artery angioplasty, and stenting are carried out while patients are being treated with the anticoagulation drug heparin. Monitoring the level and reversal of heparinization during and at the conclusion of medical and surgical procedures is a critical issue in patient care.MethodsWe performed parallel testing of the ACCRIVA Hemochron Signature Elite ACT+ and Hemochron Response analyzer, iSTAT platform, and 2 Hepcon Hemostasis Management System (HMS) Plus analyzers for monitoring intraoperative heparin treatment. Laboratory anti-Xa assay was used as the criterion standard for heparin measurement.ResultsPoor correlation between the 2 Hemochron analyzers was identified at 0.78. Correlation between the analyzers on the i-STAT platform was 0.97. Regression analysis revealed that i-STAT values were generally lower, by 43 seconds, than Hemochron values. The correlation between Hepcon and i-STAT activated clotting time (ACT) results was 0.94. The i-STAT ACT results were generally 23 seconds lower than the Hepcon ACT values. Correlation coefficients on comparing Hepcon ACT and i-STAT ACT using laboratory anti-Xa assay were 0.83 and 0.87, respectively. The correlation between Hepcon heparin concentration and anti-Xa results was 0.85.ConclusionsACT monitoring with iSTAT offers good correlation between instruments and with the Hepcon ACT. Hepcon occupies a specific niche in cardiac operating departments because of its ability to provide additional information regarding heparin concentration; however, lack of suitable proficiency testing may impair its use. The iSTAT is a more reliable platform for broader, hospital-wide application.
Despite the Holocaust: Rebuilding Jewish Life in Germany after 1945*
Authors: Sinn Andrea A 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In 1945, the return of Jewish life to Germany was by no means a foregone conclusion. Aiming to understand the developments that laid the groundwork for a long-term continuation of Jewish life in post-Holocaust Germany, this paper discusses the difficult process of rebuilding Jewish institutions in ‘the land of the perpetrators’ during the first two decades after the Second World War. Particularly significant are the essential contributions of two high-profile representatives of this minority to the process of renewing Jewish life in Germany following the Holocaust. By creating a sense of unity among the different Jewish groups and securing financial and practical support essential to the revival of Jewish life in the Federal Republic, the first General Secretary of the Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland (Central Council of Jews in Germany), Dr Hendrik G. van Dam, and the journalist and chief editor of the German-Jewish newspaper known today as Jüdische Allgemeine, Karl Marx, played a key role in establishing Jewish institutions. These helped to convey a sense of permanency—a central factor for ensuring a continuation of Jewish life in the years and decades to come.