bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transposition of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Authors: Hanna Amgad 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVEMeralgia paresthetica causes pain, burning, and loss of sensation in the anterolateral thigh. Surgical treatment traditionally involves neurolysis or neurectomy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). After studying and publishing data on the anatomical feasibility of LFCN transposition, the author presents here the first case series of patients who underwent LFCN transposition.METHODSNineteen patients with meralgia paresthetica were treated in the Department of Neurological Surgery at University of Wisconsin between 2011 and 2016; 4 patients underwent simple decompression, 5 deep decompression, and 10 medial transposition. Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. No randomization was performed. The groups were compared in terms of pain scores (based on a numeric rating scale) and reoperation rates.RESULTSThe numeric rating scale scores dropped significantly in the deep-decompression (p = 0.148) and transposition (p < 0.0001) groups at both the 3- and 12-month follow-up. The reoperation rates were significantly lower in the deep-decompression and transposition groups (p = 0.0454) than in the medial transposition group.CONCLUSIONSBoth deep decompression and transposition of the LFCN provide better results than simple decompression. Medial transposition confers the advantage of mobilizing the nerve away from the anterior superior iliac spine, giving it a straighter and more relaxed course in a softer muscle bed.
Dorsal rhizotomy for children with spastic diplegia of cerebral palsy origin: usefulness of intraoperative monitoring
Authors: Georgoulis George , Brînzeu Andrei , Sindou Marc 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVEThe utility of intraoperative neuromonitoring (ION), namely the study of muscle responses to radicular stimulation, remains controversial. The authors performed a prospective study combining ventral root (VR) stimulation for mapping anatomical levels and dorsal root (DR) stimulation as physiological testing of metameric excitability. The purpose was to evaluate to what extent the intraoperative data led to modifications in the initial decisions for surgical sectioning established by the pediatric multidisciplinary team (i.e., preoperative chart), and thus estimate its practical usefulness.METHODSThirteen children with spastic diplegia underwent the following surgical protocol. First, a bilateral intradural approach was made to the L2–S2 VRs and DRs at the exit from or entry to their respective dural sheaths, through multilevel interlaminar enlarged openings. Second, stimulation—just above the threshold—of the VR at 2 Hz to establish topography of radicular myotome distribution, and then of the DR at 50 Hz as an excitability test of root circuitry, with independent identification of muscle responses by the physiotherapist and by electromyographic recordings. The study aimed to compare the final amounts of root sectioning—per radicular level, established after intraoperative neuromonitoring guidance—with those determined by the multidisciplinary team in the presurgical chart.RESULTSThe use of ION resulted in differences in the final percentage of root sectioning for all root levels. The root levels corresponding to the upper lumbar segments were modestly excitable under DR stimulation, whereas progressively lower root levels displayed higher excitability. The difference between root levels was highly significant, as evaluated by electromyography (p = 0.00004) as well as by the physiotherapist (p = 0.00001). Modifications were decided in 11 of the 13 patients (84%), and the mean absolute difference in the percentage of sectioning quantity per radicular level was 8.4% for L-2 (p = 0.004), 6.4% for L-3 (p = 0.0004), 19.6% for L-4 (p = 0.00003), 16.5% for L-5 (p = 0.00006), and 3.2% for S-1 roots (p = 0.016). Decreases were most frequently decided for roots L-2 and L-3, whereas increases most frequently involved roots L-4 and L-5, with the largest changes in terms of percentage of sectioning.CONCLUSIONSThe use of ION during dorsal rhizotomy led to modifications regarding which DRs to section and to what extent. This was especially true for L-4 and L-5 roots, which are known to be involved in antigravity and pelvic stability functions. In this series, ION contributed significantly to further adjust the patient-tailored dorsal rhizotomy procedure to the clinical presentation and the therapeutic goals of each patient.
Bi-directional Association of Cerebrospinal Fluid Immune Markers with Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Meyer Pierre-François , Savard Melissa , Poirier Judes , Labonté Anne , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Weitz Tara M. , Town Terrence , Breitner John ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   the PREVENT-AD Research Group
Published: April 2018

Immune mechanisms may be important in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Yet, studies comparing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma immune marker levels of healthy and demented individuals have yielded conflicting results. We analyzed CSF from 101 members of the parental history-positive PREVENT-AD cohort of healthy aging adults, and 237 participants without dementia from the initial cohort of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI-1). Following recent practice, we used the biomarkers total- tau and amyloid-β1-42 to allocate participants from each study into four stages of AD pathogenesis: Stage 0 (no abnormality), Stage 1 (reduced amyloid-β1-42), Stage 2 (reduced amyloid-β1-42 and increased total-tau), or “Suspected Non-Alzheimer Pathology” (elevated total-tau only). Investigating the PREVENT-AD participants’ CSF assay results for 19 immune/inflammatory markers, we found six that showed a distinct bi-directional relationship with pathogenetic stage. Relative to Stage 0, these were diminished at Stage 1 but strongly increased at Stage 2. Among the ADNI participants (90 healthy controls and 147 with mild cognitive impairment), we found that 23 of 83 available CSF markers also showed this distinct pattern. These results support recent observations that immune activation may become apparent only after the onset of both amyloid and tau pathologies. Unexpectedly, they also suggest that immune marker activity may diminish along with earliest appearance of amyloid-β plaque pathology. These findings may explain discordant results from past studies, and suggest the importance of characterizing the extent of AD pathology when comparing clinical groups.
Intervento terapeutico sulla crisi in contesti di guerra: uno studio sul caso di una famiglia palestinese traumatizzata
Authors: Veronese Guido , Said Mahmud 
Published: April 2018

- The aim of this work is to analyze an innovative intervention of in vivo exposure in all its phases in which all the family is involved in the traumatic inci103 dent. Narratives and reconstructive of meanings techniques are matching with cognitive-behavioural techniques. The clinical practice has underpinned the efficacy of family intervention and the benefits in individuals and family groups who are traumatised. A case of a traumatised Palestinian family in a missilistic attack during the Israeli-Lebanese war in summer 2006 is discussed. Limitations and future developments of the integrated intervention in crisis are highlighted toward an evidence based modellization.Key words: early and crisis intervention, war context, family process and trauma.Parole chiave: intervento precoce e sulla crisi, contesto di guerra, processi familiari e trauma.
Measuring Dark Energy Properties with Photometrically Classified Pan-STARRS Supernovae. II. Cosmological Parameters
Authors: Jones D. O. , Scolnic D. M. , Riess A. G. , Rest A. , Kirshner R. P. , Berger E. , Kessler R. , Pan Y.-C. , Foley R. J. , Chornock R. , Ortega C. A. , Challis P. J. , Burgett W. S. , Chambers K. C. , Draper P. W. , Flewelling H. , Huber M. E. , Kaiser N. , Kudritzki R.-P. , Metcalfe N. , Tonry J. , Wainscoat R. J. , Waters C. , Gall E. E. E. , Kotak R. , McCrum M. , Smartt S. J. , Smith K. W. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We use 1169 Pan-STARRS supernovae (SNe) and 195 low-z (z < 0.1) SNe Ia to measure cosmological parameters. Though most Pan-STARRS SNe lack spectroscopic classifications, in a previous paper we demonstrated that photometrically classified SNe can be used to infer unbiased cosmological parameters by using a Bayesian methodology that marginalizes over core-collapse (CC) SN contamination. Our sample contains nearly twice as many SNe as the largest previous SN Ia compilation. Combining SNe with cosmic microwave background (CMB) constraints from Planck, we measure the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w to be −0.989 ± 0.057 (stat+sys). If w evolves with redshift as w(a) = w
0 + w

a
(1 − a), we find w
0 = −0.912 ± 0.149 and w

a
= −0.513 ± 0.826. These results are consistent with cosmological parameters from the Joint Light-curve Analysis and the Pantheon sample. We try four different photometric classification priors for Pan-STARRS SNe and two alternate ways of modeling CC SN contamination, finding that no variant gives a w differing by more than 2% from the baseline measurement. The systematic uncertainty on w due to marginalizing over CC SN contamination,

, is the third-smallest source of systematic uncertainty in this work. We find limited (1.6σ) evidence for evolution of the SN color-luminosity relation with redshift, a possible systematic that could constitute a significant uncertainty in future high-z analyses. Our data provide one of the best current constraints on w, demonstrating that samples with ∼5% CC SN contamination can give competitive cosmological constraints when the contaminating distribution is marginalized over in a Bayesian framework.
L’air, objet géohistorique
Authors: Metzger Alexis 
Published: April 2018

Cet article analyse les réalités et discours sur l’air pendant l’histoire (de la Renaissance au début du xx e siècle), selon les lieux et les milieux. Certains d’entre eux, comme les zones humides, les vallées, les villes ou les « tropiques » ont été associés à un air malsain à cause de la prégnance des théories hippocratiques. En tant que géographe, nous montrerons comment ces « fausses » représentations ont orienté le regard sur les habitants de ces territoires et aussi les aménagements, jusqu’à un changement de paradigme grâce aux progrès de la médecine.
La transition énergétique turque : analyseur d’un nouveau régime politique ?
Authors: Topçu Sezin , Yalçın-Riollet Melike 
Published: April 2018

Dans l’ère de l’anthropocène, la transition énergétique est devenue un impératif non seulement pour les pays dits développés, mais également, sous des formes et à des degrés variés, pour les pays dits en voie de développement ou émergents. Cet article s’intéresse à un de ces contextes : la Turquie. Il part de l’hypothèse que la transition énergétique turque ( enerjide dönüşüm ), devenue un pilier majeur d’un projet transitionniste plus vaste, façonne, tout en étant façonnée par, des politiques de changements promues en tant que seule voie d’avenir pour le pays. L’analyse se focalise sur deux filières, a priori très distinctes, qui sont placées au cœur des politiques de transition menées : nucléaire et éolienne. Elle est constituée de deux volets : d’un côté sont décryptées les formes de justification et de légitimation desdites politiques, en tant que projet situé. D’un autre côté, la transition énergétique est abordée en tant que pratique gouvernementale, dans sa réalisation concrète, et ce dans le but de dégager les formes de gestion associées dont certaines offrent des éléments analytiques précieux pour décrire le nouveau régime politique qui se veut en cours de composition en Turquie, un projet dans lequel les questions énergétiques doivent être réinsérées.
The multiple tensions of British democracy
Authors: Baldini Gianfranco , Pareschi Andrea 
Published: April 2018

Cet article propose une lecture croisée de quatre ouvrages récents consacrés au système politique britannique : deux livres en nom propre analysant les problèmes de la démocratie représentative et du mode de gouvernement de la Grande-Bretagne ; deux ouvrages collectifs traitant de l’impact du gouvernement de coalition et des élections générales de 2015. Ces lectures critiques nous permettent de repérer trois points de tension dans la démocratie britannique, exacerbés par le référendum de 2016 sur l’appartenance à l’Union européenne : une tension liée à la question de la souveraineté, entre démocratie représentative et démocratie directe ; une tension « territoriale », entre les pays constitutifs du Royaume-Uni ; et une tension « organisationnelle » au sein des principaux partis. Après avoir replacé le cas britannique dans un cadre comparatif européen, nous nous concentrons sur les défis liés à la question de la représentation et au modèle de Westminster : la capacité croissante des citoyens à s’imposer dans l’espace politique et les réponses changeantes apportées à la question de R. Dahl : « Qui gouverne ? » ; les logiques du pouvoir du Premier ministre, pendant et après la coalition ; la politique de « valence » dans la compétition électorale, en contraste avec celle de l’arène référendaire. Nous dégageons enfin quelques conclusions sur la nature profonde de ces tensions et les incertitudes qu’elles soulèvent quant à l’avenir de la démocratie britannique.
A Nonpyroptotic IFN-γ–Triggered Cell Death Mechanism in Nonphagocytic Cells Promotes Salmonella Clearance In Vivo
Authors: Ingram Justin P. , Tursi Sarah , Zhang Ting , Guo Wei , Yin Chaoran , A. Wynosky-Dolfi Meghan , van der Heijden Joris , Cai Kathy Q. , Yamamoto Masahiro , Finlay B. Brett , Brodsky Igor E. , Grivennikov Sergei I. , Tükel Çagla , Balachandran Siddharth 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The cytokine IFN-γ has well-established antibacterial properties against the bacterium Salmonella enterica in phagocytes, but less is known about the effects of IFN-γ on Salmonella-infected nonphagocytic cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and fibroblasts. In this article, we show that exposing human and murine IECs and fibroblasts to IFN-γ following infection with Salmonella triggers a novel form of cell death that is neither pyroptosis nor any of the major known forms of programmed cell death. Cell death required IFN-γ-signaling via STAT1-IRF1–mediated induction of guanylate binding proteins and the presence of live Salmonella in the cytosol. In vivo, ablating IFN-γ signaling selectively in murine IECs led to higher bacterial burden in colon contents and increased inflammation in the intestine of infected mice. Together, these results demonstrate that IFN-γ signaling triggers release of Salmonella from the Salmonella-containing vacuole into the cytosol of infected nonphagocytic cells, resulting in a form of nonpyroptotic cell death that prevents bacterial spread in the gut.
Business rescue decision-making: Post-mortem evaluation of an ‘orgy’
Authors: Pretorius Marius 
Published: April 2018

Background: Sensemaking of the extreme vagaries and external considerations that influence decision-making and judgement during business rescue events (BREs) are currently sparse but details about evaluation criteria are desperately needed.Aim: Learning from and applying post-mortem analysis (PMA) is investigated to propose an evaluation framework. Setting: Following the problems by and expectations of the Regulator to ‘govern’ the business rescue (BR) industry, a recent decision to decentralise the accreditation of business rescue practitioners (BRPs) changed the landscape significantly. Methods: From literature and interviews, the study identified seven interactive evaluation criteria from PMA thinking to be included in a conceptual framework. Results: Following the determination of the contextual difficulty evaluation, the measurement criteria included: taking management control, initial feasibility judgement, viability analysis, decision-making, BRP competencies, the rescue plan and compliance within the supreme task. One mediating factor, namely the BRP dominated. Secondly, the evaluation process can be costly to ensure validity of the data, collection and evaluators. Finally, BRE evaluators (executors/decision makers) require a high level understanding of contextual issues that may disproportionately influence an evaluation. Expert and master level competencies are required to inform the proper judgement of the evaluation criteria and variables. Conclusion: The study addresses educators’ need for a framework for PMA to guide the teaching of BRP competencies, direct the regulatory authorities (and professional bodies) accreditation framework for licensing BRPs, inform banks as creditors to enhance their information systems, advise upcoming BRPs on outcomes while courts may consider the framework as useful for judging issues.
Del retrato de familia a la fotografía de perfil. Usos de la fotografía en la red social Facebook
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona , Serés Seuma Teresa , Soto Merola Joana 
Published: April 2018

Este articulo realiza un estudio de 200 perfiles de Facebook de personas adultas con la finalidad de conocer cuáles son las fotografías más utilizadas para la conformación de la imagen del perfil y qué herramientas utilizan los usuarios que ya han dejado atrás la adolescencia para reforzar su identidad en esta red social. Metodología: Las fotografías seleccionadas se analizan a través de un análisis de contenido cualitativo desde el punto de vista compositivo, descriptivo y tecnológico. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados muestran como las fotografías analizadas, que son utilizadas para la presentación pública a través de Facebook, tienen una función comunicativa y de auto representación del propio usuario. La mayor parte de ellas conservan cierta formalidad y presentan a la persona en una esfera pública a la vez que muestran como los usuarios dejan de definirse a través del vínculo con instituciones tradicionales para hacerlo a través de su individualidad y las aficiones personales.
A New Corrosion Mechanism for X100 Pipeline Steel Under Oil-Covered Chloride Droplets
Authors: Liang Hongxing , Liu Jing , Schaller Rebecca Filardo , Asselin Edouard 
Published: April 2018

A 1.7 mM NaCl droplet on X100 pipeline steel covered by paraffin oil is used to simulate the corrosive environment encountered in heavy oil or bitumen pipelines. The development of corrosion under the droplet was monitored and explored in two stages. In the initial stage (1 h), the distribution of corrosion pits was heterogeneous with one area under the droplet presenting a higher pit density. As the corrosion proceeded (24 h), the localized corrosion in the area under the droplet with the higher pit density switched to general corrosion, while the other region of the droplet continued to pit. The mechanisms driving this new distinctive corrosion form developed beneath an underoil droplet are explained.
LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land – Part 2: Model evaluation
Authors: Schaphoff Sibyll , Forkel Matthias , Müller Christoph , Knauer Jürgen , von Bloh Werner , Gerten Dieter , Jägermeyr Jonas , Lucht Wolfgang , Rammig Anja , Thonicke Kirsten , Waha Katharina 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL4 is a process-based model that simulates climate and land use change impacts on the terrestrial biosphere, agricultural production, and the water and carbon cycle. Different versions of the model have been developed and applied to evaluate the role of natural and managed ecosystems in the Earth system and the potential impacts of global environmental change. A comprehensive model description of the new model version, LPJmL4, is provided in a companion paper (Schaphoff et al., 2018c). Here, we provide a full picture of the model performance, going beyond standard benchmark procedures and give hints on the strengths and shortcomings of the model to identify the need for further model improvement. Specifically, we evaluate LPJmL4 against various datasets from in situ measurement sites, satellite observations, and agricultural yield statistics. We apply a range of metrics to evaluate the quality of the model to simulate stocks and flows of carbon and water in natural and managed ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. We show that an advanced phenology scheme improves the simulation of seasonal fluctuations in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, while the permafrost scheme improves estimates of carbon stocks. The full LPJmL4 code including the new developments will be supplied open source through https://gitlab.pik-potsdam.de/lpjml/LPJmL. We hope that this will lead to new model developments and applications that improve the model performance and possibly build up a new understanding of the terrestrial biosphere.
De aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar op grond van artikel 4:210 lid 1 BW
Authors: Baetens S.R. 
Published: April 2018

De aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar op grond van artikel 4:210 lid 1 BW
Op grond van artikel 4:210 BW kan de kantonrechter of benoemde rechter-commissaris aan de vereffenaar aanwijzingen geven, die deze dient op te volgen. In de praktijk wordt nog tamelijk weinig gebruik gemaakt van de mogelijkheid de kantonrechter om een aanwijzing of instructie voor de vereffenaar te verzoeken. In dit artikel gaat de auteur in op de mogelijkheden van artikel 4:210 BW voor de kantonrechter, de vereffenaar en de belanghebbenden. Daarbij wordt aandacht besteed aan de ambtshalve aanwijzing, de vraag wie in welke situaties om een aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar kan verzoeken, en wat de status van die aanwijzing is. Voorts wordt ingegaan op de procedurele aspecten van het verzoek om een aanwijzing.
Vergeving bij onwaardigheid
Authors: de Vries M. 
Published: April 2018

Vergeving bij onwaardigheid
In deze bijdrage wordt de balans opgemaakt van vijftien jaar ondubbelzinnige vergeving in het erfrecht. Ondubbelzinnige vergeving moet volgens de wetgever niet te lichtvaardig worden aangenomen. Een enkel stilzitten na kennisneming van de grond der onwaardigheid is bijvoorbeeld onvoldoende. Ondubbelzinnig betekent echter niet dat de vergeving expliciet moet geschieden. De vergeving kan ook worden afgeleid uit gedragingen of verklaringen van de erflater. Hierbij valt te denken aan het uitspreken van de wens tot hereniging of de benoeming van de onwaardige tot erfgenaam. Is voor de notaris niet duidelijk of sprake is van vergeving, dan is het advies aan te sturen op de benoeming van een vereffenaar.
Účinná ľútosť ako neobmedzená daňová amnestia?
Authors: Nováková Veronika 
Published: April 2018

Daňové príjmy sú jedným z dôležitých finančných prostriedkov, prostredníctvom ktorých sú zabezpečované verejné potreby občanov/obyvateľov štátu. Na to, aby tieto príjmy mohli plynúť do príslušných rozpočtov je nevyhnutné, aby vznikajúce vzťahy medzi štátom a daňovým subjektom, boli náležite upravené v príslušnej právnej norme. Tieto daňovoprávne vzťahy sú natoľko dôležité pre štát, že zákonodarca počíta s možnosťou dodatočného splnenia daňovej povinnosti namiesto samotného potrestania. Cieľom tohto príspevku je podrobná sumarizácia a vývoj inštitútu účinnej ľútosti všeobecne v oblasti daňového práva, pričom sa zohľadňuje konanie daňového subjektu v rámci Daňového poriadku, ako aj samotný inštitút trestného práva – účinnú ľútosť. Ďalej príspevok analyzuje i dôležité skutočnosti prostredníctvom judikátov súdov, ktoré mali významný vplyv na neskoršiu novelizáciu tohto inštitútu, a zároveň komparáciou právnej úpravy účinnej ľútosti v Českej republike poukázať na dôležité odlišnosti, ktoré sú osožné pre ďalšie návrhy pre zlepšenie úpravy. Teda v konečnom dôsledku sa príspevok pokúša zodpovedať neľahkú otázku, či inštitút účinnej ľútosti možno z hľadiska aktuálnej úpravy považovať za neobmedzenú daňovú amnestiu.