bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of miRNAs in the invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Jin-yan , Chen Li-juan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) with early metastasis of the primary tumor results in poor prognosis and poor therapeutic outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that play a substantial role in regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally and influence the development and progression of tumors. Numerous studies have discovered that miRNAs play significant roles in the invasion and metastasis of CC by affecting specific pathways, including Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathways. miRNAs also effectively modulate the process of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Many studies provide new insights into the role of miRNAs and the pathogenesis of metastatic CC. In this review, we will offer an overview and update of our present understanding of the potential roles of miRNAs in metastatic CC.
LncRNA BRE-AS1 interacts with miR-145-5p to regulate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in prostate carcinoma and has early diagnostic values
Authors: Chen Zhongjun , Zhen Ming , Zhou Jiajie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) BRE-AS1 has recently proven to be a tumor suppressor in lung cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of lncRNA BRE-AS1 in prostate carcinoma (PC). In the present study we found that plasma BRE-AS1 and miR-145-5p were both down-regulated in PC patients than in healthy controls. Down-regulation of BRE-AS1 and miR-145-5p effectively distinguished early-stage PC patients from healthy controls. A significant and positive correlation between BRE-AS1 and miR-145–5p was only found in PC patients. BRE-AS1 overexpression mediated miR-145-5p up-regulation in PC cells, while miR-145-5p overexpression did not significantly affect BRE-AS1. Overexpression of BRE-AS1 and miR-145-5p led to inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of PC cells. miR-145-5p inhibitor attenuated the effects of BRE-AS1 overexpression on cancer cell behaviors. Therefore, lncRNA BRE-AS1 may regulate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in PC by interacting with miR-145-5p.
Clinicopathological Study of Marrow Infiltration by Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A 2-year Experience from a Cancer Institute
Authors: Mallikarjun Sai , Hussain Abid , Bhopal Triveni , Lakshmi Sree , Sinha Sudha , Fameena Fatima 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBone marrow (BM) examination is an essential tool in evaluation and staging of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of this study is to overview the approach to the use of unilateral versus bilateral BM sampling in lymphoproliferative disorders for diagnosis and staging. All cases diagnosed as lymphoproliferative disorders from January 2014 to January 2017 were studied. Bilateral trephine biopsy and aspiration of 414 cases were assessed for involvement patterns and presence/absence of background changes. Bone marrow involvement (BMI) was seen in 109 (26.3%) cases. The cases ranged from 2 to 80 years. BMI was more frequent in B-cell lymphomas than T-cell lymphomas as was the incidence (B-NHL= 87/109 [79.8%]; T-NHL=21/109 [19.1%]). Among B-cell lymphomas, BMI was most frequent in chronic lymphocytic lymphoma followed by B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (BLL) and mantle cell lymphoma. Among T-cell lymphomas, BMI was most frequent in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (TLL). A single case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) had BMI. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow trephine (BMT) agreed in 97% of cases (401 of 414: 308 both negative, 93 both positive). Additional 13 cases were diagnosed on BMT whereas BMA was negative for these cases. Background changes (fibrosis and necrosis) were common in TLL followed by BLL. Of the 109 positive cases, 4 were missed by unilateral BMT. Peripheral spill of lymphoma was seen in 14 of 109 cases. BMT involvement by lymphoma is more commonly seen in lymphoblastic lymphoma. Bilateral trephine biopsy remains gold standard to determine the marrow involvement and staging and assess the remission.
Retrosigmoid Approach for Resection of Medium-Sized Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Link Michael J. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Feng Yening , Peris-Celda Maria , Graffeo Christopher S. 
Published: March 2019

Objectives This video was aimed to describe the relevant anatomy and key surgical steps of retrosigmoid approach for gross total resection of a medium-sized vestibular schwannoma (VS).
Design The procedure is described in a surgical instructional video.
Setting The surgery took place at a tertiary skull base referral center.
Participant Patient is a 63-year-old woman who reported with nonserviceable hearing (Pure Tone Average 60 dB Hearing level, Word Recognition Score 45%), occasional tinnitus, and a VS in the left cerebellopontine angle (CPA), extending into internal auditory canal (IAC), measuring 1.7 cm parallel to the petrous temporal bone.
Main Outcome Measures The VS was resected by retrosigmoid approach.
Results The surgery results gross total resection of the VS with postoperative House–Brackmann grade 1 facial nerve function and no postoperative complications.
Conclusion The retrosigmoid approach is a good strategy to remove VS involving the CPA and the IAC.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/B6K_UkrKitg.
Training Experiences regarding Pain Management, Addiction, and Drug Diversion of Dentists Enrolled in the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network
Authors: McCauley Jenna L. , Reyes Stephanie , Meyerowitz Cyril , Gordan Valeria V. , Rindal D. Brad , Gilbert Gregg H. , Leite Renata S. , Fillingim Roger B. , Brady Kathleen T. ,   National Dental Practice-Based Research Network Collaborative Group*
Published: March 2019

Background The purpose of this study was to describe dentists’ training experiences relevant to pain management, addiction, and prescription opioid drug diversion and examine associations between these training experiences and dentists’ opioid prescribing practices. Methods A Web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among practicing dentist members of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN; N = 822). The survey assessed pain management prescribing practices and training experiences related to pain management and assessment for addiction and drug diversion. Survey data were linked with National Dental PBRN Enrollment Questionnaire data regarding practitioner demographics and practice characteristics. Results The majority of dentists (67%) reported prior training in pain management; however, a minority of dentists reported prior training regarding identification and assessment of drug abuse or addiction (48%) or identification of prescription drug diversion (25%). The majority of training experiences across all topics occurred through continuing dental education participation. Dental school training relevant to pain management, addiction, and identification of drug diversion was more prevalent among more recent dental school graduates. Training experiences were associated with prescribing practices. Conclusions Results suggest that across multiple levels of training, many dentists are not receiving training specific to addiction assessment and identification of drug diversion. Such training is associated with greater consistency of risk mitigation implementation in practice.
Hydrogels as a water bolus during hyperthermia treatment
Authors: Trefná Hana Dobšíček , Ström Anna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The feasibility of using hydrogels as a water bolus during hyperthermia treatment was assessed. Three types of gels, high methoxyl (HM) pectin/alginate, xanthan/locust bean gum (LBG) and xanthan/LBG/agarose were evaluated based on their dielectric, rheological and mechanical properties. The most suitable, xanthan/LBG/agarose gel was further used as a water bolus in a hyperthermia array applicator. The gels composed of polysaccharides carrying low charge displayed dielectric properties close to those of water, while the dielectric properties of HM pectin/alginate gel was deemed unsuitable for the current application. The mechanical examination shows that the xanthan/LBG gel has a non-brittle behaviour at room temperature, in contrast to the agarose gel. The moduli of the xanthan/LBG gel weaken however considerably between the temperature range of 40 °C and 50 °C, reducing its potential to be used as water bolus. The ternary system of xanthan/LBG/agarose had advantageous behaviour as it was dominated by the thermal hysteresis typical of agarose upon temperature increase, but governed by the typical non-brittle behaviour of the xanthan/LBG at low temperatures. The final evaluation within the hyperthermia applicator showed excellent signal transmission from the antennas. The agarose/xanthan/LBG gel reduced the scattering of electromagnetic waves, enabled a tight closure between the body and the antennas, and offered a less bulky solution than the currently used water-filled plastic bags. The results presented here open up a new application area for hydrogels in improving heat delivery during hyperthermia treatment and other near-field microwave applications.
Unexpectedly High Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus DNAemia in Older Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Yindom Louis-Marie , Simms Victoria , Majonga Edith D , McHugh Grace , Dauya Ethel , Bandason Tsitsi , Vincon Helene , Rylance Jamie , Munyati Shungu , Ferrand Rashida A , Rowland-Jones Sarah L 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundOlder children and adolescents with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) infection in Africa experience multiple comorbidities that are not typical of HIV-associated opportunistic infections, including growth impairment and chronic lung disease. We examined associations between plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA and lung function and growth.MethodsPlasma CMV DNA loads were measured children aged 6–16 years with PHIV (n = 402) and HIV-uninfected controls (n = 224). The HIV-infected children were either newly diagnosed or known HIV infected and stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for &gt;6 months. CMV DNA loads were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CMV DNAemia was modeled as a time-varying outcome using longitudinal mixed-effects logistic regression.ResultsAt enrollment, CMV DNAemia ≥1000 copies/mL (defined as “clinically significant”) was detected in 5.8% of uninfected children, 14.7% of HIV-infected participants stable on ART, and 22.6% of HIV-infected ART-naive children (χ2 = 23.8, P &lt; .001). The prevalence of CMV DNAemia ≥1000 copies/mL was associated with CD4 counts &lt;350 cells/µL. Among HIV-infected ART-naive children, the presence of CMV DNAemia of ≥1000 copies/mL was independently associated with reduced lung function (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–8.46; P = .017). Among ART-treated children, stunting was associated with CMV DNAemia of ≥1000 copies/mL (aOR = 2.79; 95% CI, 0.97–8.02; P = .057).ConclusionsClinically significant levels of CMV DNAemia were common in older children with PHIV, even those on ART, suggesting a role for inadequately controlled CMV infection in the pathogenesis of PHIV comorbidities in Africa.
A Multicenter, Longitudinal Cohort Study of Cryptococcosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–negative People in the United States
Authors: Marr Kieren A , Sun Yifei , Spec Andrej , Lu Na , Panackal Anil , Bennett John , Pappas Peter , Ostrander Darin , Datta Kausik , Zhang Sean X , Williamson Peter R ,   Cryptococcus Infection Network Cohort Study Working Group, Lyons Jennifer , Bhimraj Adarsh , Trotman Robin , Health Cox , Perfect John , Lyon G Marshall , Vazquez Jose , Piwoz Julia , Marr Kieren , Hopkins Johns , Spindel Steven , Wray Dannah , Bennett John , Garcia-Diaz Julia , Nolt Dawn , Subramanian Aruna , Pappas Peter , Schaenman Joanna , Taplitz Randy , Diego San , Miceli Marisa , Lee Samuel A , Nguyen Hong , Pannaraj Pia , Hasbun Rodrigo , Limaye Ajit , Powderly William , Spec Andrej 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Cryptococcosis is increasingly recognized in people without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods
A multicenter, prospective cohort study was performed in 25 US centers. Consenting patients were prospectively followed for ≤2 years. Neurological morbidities were assessed with longitudinal event depiction and functional scores (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]). Risks of death were analyzed using Cox regression.

Results
One hundred forty-five subjects were enrolled. Most were male (95; 65.5%) and had immunosuppression (120; 82.8%), including solid organ transplant (SOT; 33.8%), autoimmunity (15.9%), and hematologic malignancies (11.7%). Disease involved the central nervous system (CNS) in 71 subjects (49%). Fever was uncommon, documented in 40 (27.8%) subjects, and absence was associated with diagnostic delay (mean: 48.2 vs 16.5 days; P = .007). Abnormal MoCA scores (&lt;26) were predictive of CNS disease; low scores (&lt;22) were associated with poor long-term cognition. Longitudinal event depiction demonstrated frequent complications in people with CNS disease; 25 subjects (35.2%) required &gt;1 lumbar puncture and 8 (11.3%) required ventriculostomies. In multivariable models, older age (&gt;60 years) was associated with higher risks of death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–4.38; P = .036), and lower risks were noted with underlying hematologic malignancy (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09–0.98; P = .05) and prior SOT (HR, 0.153; 95% CI, 0.05–0.44; P = .001).

Conclusions
Despite aggressive antifungal therapies, outcomes of CNS cryptococcosis in people without HIV are characterized by substantial long-term neurological sequelae. Studies are needed to understand mechanism(s) of cognitive decline and to enable better treatment algorithms.
Treatment Outcomes of Patients Switching From an Injectable Drug to Bedaquiline During Short Standardized Treatment for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Mozambique
Authors: Bastard Mathieu , Molfino Lucas , Mutaquiha Cláudia , Galindo Miriam Arago , Zindoga Pereira , Vaz Deise , Mahinça Ivan , DuCros Philipp , Rusch Barbara , Telnov Alex 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Bedaquiline was recommended by the World Health Organization as the preferred option in treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with long regimens. However, no recommendation was given for the short MDR-TB regimen. Data from our small cohort of patients who switched from injectable drug to bedaquiline suggest that a bedaquiline-based short regimen is effective and safe.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of a coniferyl aldehyde-resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain obtained by evolutionary engineering
Authors: Hacısalihoğlu Burcu , Holyavkin Can , Topaloğlu Alican , Kısakesen Halil İbrahim , Çakar Zeynep Petek 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Phenolic inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates interfere with the performance of fermenting microorganisms. Among these, coniferyl aldehyde is one of the most toxic inhibitors. In this study, genetically stable Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants with high coniferyl aldehyde resistance were successfully obtained for the first time by using an evolutionary engineering strategy, based on the systematic application of increasing coniferyl aldehyde stress in batch cultures. Among the selected coniferyl aldehyde-resistant mutants, the highly resistant strain called BH13 was also cross-resistant to other phenolic inhibitors, vanillin, ferulic acid and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. In the presence of 1.2 mM coniferyl aldehyde stress, BH13 had a significantly reduced lag phase, which was less than 3 h and only about 25% of that of the reference strain and converted coniferyl aldehyde faster. Additionally, there was no reduction in its growth rate, either. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of a highly coniferyl aldehyde-resistant mutant revealed upregulation of the genes involved in energy pathways, response to oxidative stress and oxidoreductase activity in the mutant strain BH13, already under non-stress conditions. Transcripts associated with pleiotropic drug resistance were also identified as upregulated. Genome re-sequencing data generally supported transcriptomic results and identified gene targets that may have a potential role in coniferyl aldehyde resistance.
The potential of utrophin and dystrophin combination therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Guiraud Simon , Edwards Benjamin , Babbs Arran , Squire Sarah E , Berg Adam , Moir Lee , Wood Matthew J , Davies Kay E 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal neuromuscular disorder caused by loss of dystrophin. Several therapeutic modalities are currently in clinical trials but none will achieve maximum functional rescue and full disease correction. Therefore, we explored the potential of combining the benefits of dystrophin with increases of utrophin, an autosomal paralogue of dystrophin. Utrophin and dystrophin can be co-expressed and co-localized at the same muscle membrane. Wild-type (wt) levels of dystrophin are not significantly affected by a moderate increase of utrophin whereas higher levels of utrophin reduce wt dystrophin, suggesting a finite number of actin binding sites at the sarcolemma. Thus, utrophin upregulation strategies may be applied to the more mildly affected Becker patients with lower dystrophin levels. Whereas increased dystrophin in wt animals does not offer functional improvement, overexpression of utrophin in wt mice results in a significant supra-functional benefit over wt. These findings highlight an additive benefit of the combined therapy and potential new unique roles of utrophin. Finally, we show a 30% restoration of wt dystrophin levels, using exon-skipping, together with increased utrophin levels restores dystrophic muscle function to wt levels offering greater therapeutic benefit than either single approach alone. Thus, this combination therapy results in additive functional benefit and paves the way for potential future combinations of dystrophin- and utrophin-based strategies.
Preterm Birth and Maternal Mental Health: Longitudinal Trajectories and Predictors
Authors: Yaari Maya , Treyvaud Karli , Lee Katherine J , Doyle Lex W , Anderson Peter J 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objective
To examine trajectories of psychological distress in mothers of children born very preterm (VPT, &lt;30 weeks gestation) and full term from 2 to 13 years after the birth, and examine predictors of maternal psychological distress over time within the VPT group.

Methods
Mothers of children born VPT (n = 159) and full term (n = 71) completed questionnaires assessing their psychological distress when their child was 2, 7, and 13 years of age. Mixed models were used to examine differences between groups in maternal psychological distress over time. Family social risk, child neonatal medial risk, child sex, multiple pregnancy, and child’s neurodevelopmental impairment in early childhood were examined as potential predictors of maternal psychological distress within the VPT group.

Results
Mothers of children born VPT displayed elevated psychological distress compared with mothers of full-term children, and this difference was consistent over time. Higher family social risk was associated with elevated maternal psychological distress throughout childhood across all time-points. There was evidence that mothers of children at higher neonatal medical risk displayed increasing psychological distress over time.

Conclusions
Mothers of children born VPT show prolonged psychological distress. Mothers from socially disadvantaged background and those whose child has neonatal medical complications may require extensive support to prevent prolonged psychological distress and promote optimal outcomes for children and families.
Ultra metal-poor stars: improved atmospheric parameters and NLTE abundances of magnesium and calcium
Authors: Sitnova T M , Mashonkina L I , Ezzeddine R , Frebel A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The most metal-poor stars are the oldest objects, they provide a unique opportunity to study the earliest epoch of the Galaxy formation and individual nucleosynthesis events. These stars should be investigated with a scrupulous care, taking into account all available photometric, spectroscopic, and astrometric informations. We determined atmospheric parameters for 17 ultra metal-poor (UMP) stars, using an extensive method based on colour-Teff calibrations, isochrones, Gaia DR2 trigonometric parallaxes, and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) analysis of the Ca i/Ca ii ionization equilibrium and the Balmer line wings. We updated the model atom of Ca i- ii by including recent quantum-mechanical rate coefficients for the Ca i + H i and Ca ii + H i inelastic collisions. For any line of Ca i and Ca ii in our sample stars, the changes in collisional data result in a shift of smaller than 0.05 dex in the NLTE abundance. We determined magnesium and calcium NLTE and LTE abundances of our sample stars. For 10 stars, we found close-to-solar [Ca/Mg] NLTE abundance ratios. In the remaining stars, magnesium and calcium abundances do not follow each other, such that [Ca/Mg] varies between −3.15 and + 0.36, suggesting a contribution to stellar Mg and Ca abundances from a small number of supernova explosions with different properties. The obtained atmospheric parameters will be used in the forthcoming paper to determine NLTE abundances of chemical elements observed in spectra of the UMP stars.
The gas fractions of dark matter haloes hosting simulated ∼L⋆ galaxies are governed by the feedback history of their black holes
Authors: Davies Jonathan J , Crain Robert A , McCarthy Ian G , Oppenheimer Benjamin D , Schaye Joop , Schaller Matthieu , McAlpine Stuart 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
We examine the origin of scatter in the relationship between the gas fraction and mass of dark matter haloes hosting present-day ∼L⋆ central galaxies in the EAGLE simulations. The scatter is uncorrelated with the accretion rate of the central galaxy’s black hole (BH), but correlates strongly and negatively with the BH’s mass, implicating differences in the expulsion of gas by active galactic nucleus feedback, throughout the assembly of the halo, as the main cause of scatter. Haloes whose central galaxies host undermassive BHs also tend to retain a higher gas fraction, and exhibit elevated star formation rates (SFRs). Diversity in the mass of central BHs stems primarily from diversity in the dark matter halo binding energy, as these quantities are strongly and positively correlated at fixed halo mass, such that ∼L⋆ galaxies hosted by haloes that are more (less) tightly bound develop central BHs that are more (less) massive than is typical for their halo mass. Variations in the halo gas fraction at fixed halo mass are reflected in both the soft X-ray luminosity and thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich flux, suggesting that the prediction of a strong coupling between the properties of galaxies and their halo gas fractions can be tested with measurements of these diagnostics for galaxies with diverse SFRs but similar halo masses.