bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exceptional responses to pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel in human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 high expressing salivary duct carcinomas
Authors: Park Jong Chul , Ma T. Martin , Rooper Lisa , Hembrough Todd , Foss Robert D. , Schmitt Nicole C. , Sawhney Rishi , Flanders Aaron , Kang Hyunseok 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundAlterations in the human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER2) pathway have been identified in a subset of salivary duct carcinomas. Dual HER2 inhibition with trastuzumab and pertuzumab has superior antitumor efficacy to trastuzumab monotherapy in HER2‐positive breast cancer, yet its efficacy in HER2‐positive salivary duct carcinoma is unknown.MethodsWe report 2 cases of exceptional responses of HER2‐positive salivary duct carcinomas to dual HER2 blockade and docetaxel combination and their molecular characteristics.ResultsA 54‐year‐old man with recurrent metastatic HER2 expressing salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland after definitive concurrent chemoradiation achieved a complete response (CR) after 6 cycles of trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and docetaxel (TPH). A 42‐year‐old woman with HER2‐positive salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland with bone and liver metastases had CR with TPH and remains in remission on maintenance trastuzumab and pertuzumab.ConclusionDual HER2 blockage resulted in CR in patients with HER expressing salivary duct carcinoma and warrants further evaluation in this patient population.
A Chiral Macrocyclic Oligothiophene with Broken Conjugation – Rapid Racemization through Internal Rotation
Authors: Weiland Kevin J. , Münch Nathalia , Gschwind Wanja , Häussinger Daniel , Mayor Marcel 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA macrocyclic oligothiophene with an integrated pseudo‐para substituted [2.2]paracyclophane has been achieved. The synthetic sequence relies on alternating steps of halogenation‐ and Suzuki‐coupling conditions. By employing a modified Eglinton reaction under high dilution conditions, the macrocycle is closed and the obtained diacetylene is efficiently transferred to the corresponding thiophene. The molecule is fully characterized and its dynamic racemization is analyzed by variable temperature NMR experiments. The racemization barrier hints with 38 kJ/mol at rapid enantiomerization at room temperature by Mislow’s ‘Euclidian rubber glove’ enantiomerization process. Macrocycle formation results in red‐shifted absorption and emission spectra, hinting at increased conjugation through the oligothiophene versus the trough space conjugation through the [2.2]paracyclophane.
Modeling the effects of grade retention in high school
Authors: Cockx Bart , Picchio Matteo , Baert Stijn 
Published: November 2018

SummaryA dynamic discrete‐choice model is set up to estimate the effects of grade retention in high school, both in the short run (end‐of‐year evaluation) and in the long run (drop‐out and delay). In contrast to other evaluation approaches, this model captures essential treatment heterogeneity and controls for grade‐varying unobservable determinants. In addition, forced track downgrading is considered as an alternative remedial measure. Our results indicate that grade retention has a neutral effect on academic achievement in the short run. In the long run, grade retention, just like forced downgrading, has adverse effects on schooling outcomes and, more so, for less able pupils.
Neighborhood bystander intervention in intimate partner abuse: The role of social cohesion
Authors: Lucero Jessica L. , Roark Jennifer , Patton Andrea 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study examines the relationships among individual beliefs about intimate partner abuse (IPA), attitudes about IPA reporting, social cohesion, and the intention of intervening in neighborhood IPA. Data for this study come from a larger cross‐sectional, community‐based study in which participants (N = 1,626) were surveyed face to face using stratified random sampling in targeted communities in a Mountain West state (i.e., drop‐off, pick‐up method) and online using social media outreach in targeted communities. Linear regression results indicated that participants were less likely to intervene in IPA situations in their neighborhood if they held beliefs about the private nature of IPA or feared retaliation. Additionally, social cohesion was positively associated with participants’ intention of intervening in IPA situations in their neighborhood. Our findings suggest potential avenues for community intervention that attempt to build communitywide beliefs that IPA is a community‐level concern and one that demands attention from the entire community.
Invasiveness‐triggered state transition in malignant melanoma cells
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhang Yan‐Guo , Ma Jing , Li Jun‐Chang , Zhang Jian , Yu Yao‐Qing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCancer cells are considered to have high morphological heterogeneity in human melanoma tissue. Here, we report that epithelial cancer cells are dominant in different development stages of human melanoma tissues. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that maintain melanoma cells in the epithelial state are further investigated in the A2058 cell line. We find that micropore (8 µm) transwell invasion, but not superficial migration in the scratch assay, can induce remarkable morphological changes between epithelial and mesenchymal melanoma cells within 4 days. The morphological switch is associated with dynamic changes of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) hallmarks E‐cadherin and vimentin. Further immunoflurencent staining and co‐immunoprecipitation assay showed the uncoupling of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in epithelial melanoma cells. Specific knockdown of M3 mAChR by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly abrogates the transition of spindle‐shaped mesenchymal cells to epithelial cells. Collectively, we report a cellular model of invasiveness‐triggered state transition (ITST) in which melanoma cell invasion can induce morphological changes between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. ITST is one of the biological basis for maintaining metastatic melanoma cells in the epithelial state. Furthermore, M3 mAChR receptor‐mediated ITST provides a novel therapeutic strategy to inhibit the development of malignant melanoma.
Aflatoxin G1 induced TNF‐α‐dependent lung inflammation to enhance DNA damage in alveolar epithelial cells
Authors: Shao Peilu , Guo Ningfei , Wang Can , Zhao Mei , Yi Li , Liu Chunping , Kang Lifei , Cao Lei , Lv Ping , Xing Lingxiao , Zhang Xianghong , Shen Haitao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAflatoxin G1 (AFG1), a member of the AF family with cytotoxic and carcinogenic properties, could cause DNA damage in alveolar type II (AT‐II) cells and induce lung adenocarcinoma. Recently, we found AFG1 could induce chronic lung inflammation associated with oxidative stress in the protumor stage. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in cigarette smoke or benzo[a]pyrene‐induced lung tissues damage. However, it is unclear whether and how AFG1‐induced lung inflammation affects DNA damage in AT‐II cells. In this study, we found increased DNA damage and cytochrome P450 (CYP2A13) expression in AFG1‐induced inflamed lung tissues. Furthermore, we treated the mice with a soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α receptor and AFG1 and found that TNF‐α neutralization inhibited the AFG1‐induced chronic lung inflammation in vivo, and then reversed the CYP2A13 expression and DNA damage in AT‐II cells. The results suggest that AFG1 induces TNF‐α‐dependent lung inflammation to regulate 2A13 expression and enhance DNA damage in AT‐II cells. Then, we treated the primary mice AT‐II cells and human AT‐II like cells (A549) with AFG1 and TNF‐α and found that TNF‐α enhanced the AFG1‐induced DNA damage in mice AT‐II cells as well as A549 cells in vitro. In AFG1‐exposed A549 cells, TNF‐α‐enhanced DNA damage and apoptosis were reversed by CYP2A13 small interfering RNA. Blocking NF‐κB pathway inhibited the TNF‐α‐enhanced CYP2A13 upregulation and DNA damage confirming that the CYP2A13 upregulation by TNF‐α plays an essential role in the activation of AFG1 under inflammatory conditions. Taken together, our findings suggest that AFG1 induces TNF‐α‐dependent lung inflammation, which upregulates CYP2A13 to promote the metabolic activation of AFG1 and enhance oxidative DNA damage in AT‐II cells.
c‐Met inhibition is required for the celecoxib‐attenuated stemness property of human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Lin Yueh‐Ming , Lu Chien‐Chang , Hsiang Yi‐Ping , Pi Shu‐Chuan , Chen Chih‐I , Cheng Kung‐Chuan , Pan Hsiao‐Lin , Chien Pei‐Hsuan , Chen Yun‐Ju 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is frequently overexpressed and enhances colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis, including cancer stem cell (CSC) regulation. Accordingly, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibiting COX‐1/2 activity, are viewed as potential drugs for CRC treatment. Accumulated evidence indicates that celecoxib has the most potency for antitumor growth among NSAIDs and the underlying mechanism is only partly dependent on COX‐2 inhibition. However, the potency of these NSAIDs on CSC inhibition is still not known. In this study, we found that among these NSAIDs, celecoxib has the most potency for CSC inhibition of CRC cells, largely correlating to inhibition of c‐Met, not COX‐2. Further analysis reveals that c‐Met activity was required for basal CSC property. Silence of c‐Met blocked whereas overexpression of c‐Met enhanced the celecoxib‐inhibited CSC property. Collectively, these results not only first elucidate the mechanism underlying celecoxib‐inhibited CSC but also indicate c‐Met as a critical factor for the CSC property of CRC cells.
Knockdown of NEAT1 repressed the malignant progression of glioma through sponging miR‐107 and inhibiting CDK14
Authors: Zhen Yingwei , Nan Yang , Guo Shewei , Zhang Longzhou , Li Ge , Yue Saichao , Liu Xianzhi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAberrant expressions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to carcinogenesis via regulating tumor suppressors or oncogenes. LncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been recognized as an oncogene to promote tumor progression of many cancers. However, the function of NEAT1 in glioma remains poorly discovered. Currently, we focused on the role of NEAT1 in glioma. Here, we found that NEAT1 was greatly upregulated in glioma cells compared with normal human astrocytes (NHAs). Meanwhile, miR‐107 was significantly downregulated in glioma cell lines. Then, we observed that knockdown of NEAT1 suppressed the growth and invasion of glioma cells including U251 and SW1783 cells. Reversely, overexpression of NEAT1 dramatically induced glioma cell survival, increased cell colony formation, and promoted cell invasion ability. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the correlation between NEAT1 and miR‐107. Moreover, it was revealed that NEAT1 could modulate miR‐107 via serving as an endogenous sponge of miR‐107. The direct binding correlation between NEAT1 and miR‐107 was validated in our study. In addition, cyclin dependent kinase 14 (CDK14) was predicted as an messenger RNA target of miR‐107 and the association between them was confirmed in our research. Moreover, we implied that NEAT1 demonstrated its biological functions via regulating miR‐107 and CDK14 in vivo. In summary, our findings indicated that NEAT1/miR‐107/CDK14 axis participated in glioma development. NEAT1 could act as a significant prognostic biomarker in glioma progression.
Comparative study of laparoscopic‐assisted and open total gastrectomy for Siewert Types II and III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Wang Jianchu , Wang Jin‐Cheng , Song Bin , Dai Xu‐Dong , Zhang Xiao‐Yu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe potential advantages of laparoscopic‐assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) compared with open total gastrectomy (OTG) for Siewert Types II and III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEJ) are not very clear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the surgical outcomes and potential advantages of LATG for Siewert Types II and III AEJ.MethodsThe clinical data of 75 patients (32 for LATG and 43 for OTG) with Siewert II or III AEJ from August 2009 to February 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were followed up by telephone or out‐patient examination till August 2015.ResultsTwo groups of patients were successfully performed with no perioperative death. The mean operation time was 3.23 ± 0.35 hr in LATG group, longer than the OTG group 2.83 ± 0.51 hr. The mean intraoperative bleeding was 122.7 ± 50.6 ml, less than the OTG group 219.2 ± 85.2 ml. The analgesics use was 3.00 ± 0.67 times in the LATG group, less than the OTG group 3.43 ± 1.03 times. The gastrointestinal function recovery time was 2.69 ± 0.46 days in the LATG group, shorter than the OTG group 3.42 ± 0.86 days. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 12.94 + 2.76 days in the LATG group, less than the OTG group 14.57 + 2.35 days (p < 0.05).ConclusionsLATG and OTG had no significant difference for Siewert II and III AEJ in terms of radical resection and tumor recurrence, but LATG is worthy to be promoted with less bleeding, less postoperative pain, faster recovery of gastrointestinal function, and shorter hospital stay.
A novel multidimensional signature predicts prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Wang Song , Zhang Jian‐Hua , Wang Huan , Yang Lu , Hong Shuai , Yu Bo , Guo Jin‐Cheng , Liu Jing , Zhu Yan‐Bing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) or protein‐coding genes (PCGs) have been found to be associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Using bioinformatics analysis methods including Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis, the random survival forest algorithm, Kaplan–Meier, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we mined the gene expression profiles of 469 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 379) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE14520;
n = 90) public database. We selected a signature comprising one protein‐coding gene (PCG; DNA polymerase μ) and three miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐149‐5p, hsa‐miR‐424‐5p, hsa‐miR‐579‐5p) with highest accurate prediction (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.72;
n = 189) from the training data set. The signature stratified patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups with significantly different survival (median 27.9 vs. 55.2 months, log‐rank test,
p < 0.001) in the training data set, and its risk stratification ability were validated in the test data set (median 47.4 vs. 84.4 months, log‐rank test,
p = 0.03) and an independent data set (median 31.0 vs. 46.0 months, log‐rank test,
p = 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the signature was an independent prognostic factor. And the signature was proved to have a better survival prediction power than tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage (AUC
signature = 0.72/0.64/0.62 vs. AUC
TNM = 0.65/0.61/0.61;
p < 0.05). Moreover, we validated the expression of these prognostic genes from the PCG‐miRNA signature in Huh‐7 cell by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, we found a signature that can predict survival of HCC patients and serve as a prognostic marker for HCC.
Testicular structure and spermatogenesis of the oviparous goodeids Crenichthys baileyi (Gilbert, 1893) and Empetrichthys latos Miller, 1948 (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes)
Authors: Uribe Mari Carmen , Grier Harry J. , Parenti Lynne R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe cyprinodontiform family Goodeidae comprises some 51 species, including subspecies, of freshwater fishes all of which are at risk or are extinct in the wild. It is classified in two allopatric subfamilies: the Goodeinae, endemic to the Mexican Plateau, and the Empetrichthyinae, known only from relict taxa in Nevada and southern California. The 41 species of goodeins are all viviparous and share a set of well‐documented reproductive characters. In contrast, the recent species or subspecies of empetrichthyins are all oviparous and relatively poorly known, yet of critical interest in understanding the evolution of livebearing in the family. We previously described ovarian structure and oogenesis in empetrichthyins using archival museum specimens of females and here extend that study to males. Testicular characters of two species of empetrichthyins, Crenichthys baileyi, and Empetrichthys latos, are studied and compared directly with those of one species of viviparous goodeid, Ataeniobius toweri. The testis is a restricted spermatogonial type in both the Empetrichthyinae and the Goodeinae: spermatogonia are found solely at the distal termini of lobules, a diagnostic character of atherinomorph fishes. Morphology of the differentiation of germinal cells during spermatogenesis is similar in both subfamilies. In the oviparous C. baileyi and E. latos spermatozoa are free in the deferent ducts. In contrast, the spermatozoa of viviparous goodeids are organized into numerous bundles called spermatozeugmata, a characteristic of most fishes that practice internal fertilization. Differences between the goodeid subfamilies are interpreted relative to the oviparous versus viviparous modes of reproduction. Archival museum specimens are a reliable source of data on reproductive morphology, including histology, and may be the only specimens available of rare or extinct taxa.
Morphology of the mandibles and the first maxillae in the family Lithobiidae (Myriapoda, Chilopoda), with remarks on their phylogenetic significance
Authors: Ganske Anne‐Sarah , Edgecombe Gregory D. , Akkari Nesrine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe mandibles and the first maxillae of 37 species of the family Lithobiidae (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) were investigated and compared to provide a structural overview and evaluate their significance for the systematics of the family. The species sampling focused on the genus Lithobius, examining 33 species of four subgenera (Lithobius, Monotarsobius, Sigibius, Ezembius), as this genus represents about half of the known diversity of Lithobiidae, including more than 500 assigned species and subspecies. The microstructures on the mandibular gnathal edge and the first maxillary telopodites and coxal projections were studied using scanning electron microscopy.Although having a similar structural pattern, we demonstrate that the microstructures are variable within and between species of adult specimens and commonly show intergradation. To check for intraspecific variability of microstructures and character stability, specimen sampling was extended for the two common Austrian species Lithobius dentatus and Lithobius validus, for which seven specimens depicted no major differences in the mandibular gnathal edge and the first maxillae. Our data suggest the presence of three characters in the mandibular gnathal edge and the first maxillae useful for lithobiid phylogeny. These characters were tested in a phylogenetic analysis together with previously described and novel morphological characters. Subgenera of Lithobius are mostly non‐monophyletic, and several other genera of Lithobiinae as well as other subfamilies group with particular species or clades of Lithobius. The results corroborate a close relationship between Disphaerobius loricatus and Lithobius (Ezembius) giganteus, strengthening the hypothesis that Pterygoterginae is nested within Lithobiinae and specifically within Lithobius, allied to L. (Ezembius) and Hessebius.
Two dimensional sinusoidal Ag nanograting exhibits polarization‐independent surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and its surface plasmon polariton and localized surface plasmon coupling with Au nanospheres colloids
Authors: Xiao Cheng , Chen Zhibin , Qin Mengze , Zhang Dongxiao , Wu Hao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA reproducible surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on two dimensional (2D) sinusoidal Ag nanograting is presented. This SERS substrate with large area can be easily fabricated by maskless laser interference photolithography. The potential SERS polarization‐independent performance of 2D sinusoidal Ag nanograting is deduced by finite difference time domain and demonstrated by SERS detection experiments. A double‐enhanced Raman scattering (DERS) substrate by coupling 2D sinusoidal Ag nanograting with Au nanospheres colloids is created. With the optimal DERS substrate, SERS enhancement factor can be 10 orders of magnitude as possible. The DERS substrate was fabricated and an extra SERS effect was proved by experiments. This DERS substrate will be fabricated in a microfluidics‐based sensor in the next work and used for in situ, real‐time, continuous monitoring of trace water soluble gas‐phase or airborne agents, such as trace explosives in air.
Negative effects on newborn piglets caused by excess dietary tryptophan in the morning in sows
Authors: Xu Kang , Bai Miaomiao , Bin Peng , Duan Yehui , Wu Xin , Liu Hongnan , Yin Yulong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effect of dynamic feeding models of dietary tryptophan on sows' performance during late pregnancy.RESULTSThe average piglet birth weight and live farrowing rate from sows consuming a high–low tryptophan diet (0.39% Trp in the morning and 0.13% Trp in the afternoon) were decreased compared with those fed a 2×tryptophan diet (0.26% Trp in the morning and afternoon). Compared with the 2×tryptophan group, sow serum kynurenic acid and the newborn liver n‐6:n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio were significantly higher, and sow serum taurine and newborn serum taurine, phosphoserine, cysteine and proline were lower in the high–low tryptophan diet group. Eighty‐eight genes were differentially expressed in newborn piglets' livers between the 2×tryptophan and high–low groups. Genes related to cytotoxic effector regulation (major histocompatibility complex class I proteins), NADH oxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and tissue development were differentially expressed between these two groups.CONCLUSIONTogether, the results provide information on new biomarkers in serum or liver and provide novel insights into variations in the fetal liver during exogenous stimulus response and biological processes of ROS metabolism in fetuses during late pregnancy caused by a single excessive tryptophan ingestion daily in the morning. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry