bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KAPASITAS TAMPUNG HIJAUAN PAKAN DALAM AREAL PERKEBUNAN KOPI DAN PADANG RUMPUT ALAM DI KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Kleden Markus M , Ratu M. R.T , Randu M D.S 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT CARRYING CAPACITY OF FORAGE IN COFFEE FARM AND NATIVE PASTURE AREA AT DISTRICT OF FLORES TIMUR, EAST NUSA TENGGARA. Research was conducted at coffee farm and native pasture area with the objective to measure the production and quality of forage. The research method used was survey method. Primary data were collected at Sub-district of Wulanggitang - District of Flores Timur, particularly in the coffee farm and the native pasture areas. Primary data consisted of production and quality of the native grasses including land fertility -both physical and chemical - in the coffee farm area. On the other hand, secondary data were taken from related institutions cover climate condition and topography. The result showed that potency of forage resources in the Sub-District of Wulanggitang reach 7,664 ton fresh matter/ha for the coffee farm and 6.98 ton fresh matter/ha for the native grasses, respectively. The total production may figure carrying capacity of the coffee farm area is 0.42 UT/ha and 0.38 ST/ha of the native grasses, respectively. In addition, the topography of Wulanggitang Sub-district was about 0 % - > 40 %. Moreover, chemical composition of the forages, mainly crude protein, was 6.95 % in the coffee farm area and 6.65 % in the native pasture area, respectively. It was found that the forages crude protein was very high and available over the livestock minimum needed. Composition of the crude protein was high since the forages are relatively young due to high rainy distribution in a few weeks before taking the sample. However, although the crude composition of the forages in the coffee farm - both quantitatively and qualitatively- was higher than that of the native pasture, its function to support the feed resources was not significant. In conclusion, the potency of the forage resources in those two areas was not support the livestock development especially beef cattle farm at the Sub-district of Wulanggitang when it depends only on the forages of these two areas. Key words: Forage quality, Stocking rate, Coffee farm, Native pasture, Carrying capacity
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMPUT RAJA (Pennisetum purpupoides) DAN TEBON JAGUNG TERHADAP PERFORMANS SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO) BETINA
Authors: . Heryanto . , Maaruf K , Malalantang S S , Waani M R 
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECTS OF AFFERING KING GRASS (Pennisetum Purpupoides) AND CORN STOVER ON PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CROSSBREED COWS A research evaluating the effects of affering king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) and corn stover as feed ingredients on performance of ongole crossbreed cows has been conducled. Two years old, of fifteen ongole crossbreed cows with ± 200 kg body weight were used in this experiment. Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications was used. The treatments were R1 = 100% king grass, R2 = 75% king grass + 25% corn stover, R3 = 50% king grass + 50% corn stover, R4 = 25% king grass + 75% corn stover and R5 = 100% corn stover. Variables measured were dry matter consumption (DMC), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (FC). The average of DMC, ADG and FC were 4,64-5,97 kg/tail/day, 0,36-0,55 kg/tail/day and 10,89-13,44 respectively. The results showed that there were significant effects (P<0,05) on DMC and ADG, however, there was no significant effect (P>0,05) on FC. Tukey test showed that DMC of cows fed R1 were significantly (P<0,05) lower compared to R5, however, there was no significant (P>0,05) difference among cows fed R3, R4 and R5. ADG of cows fed R1 was not significantly (P>0,05) different compared to R2, R3 and R4, while, cows fed R1 and R2 were Significantly (P<0,05) lower compared to R5. Based on the results on DMC, ADG and FC it can be concluded that to increase performance of crossbreed cows the portion of king grass can be affered up to 50%, on the other hand corn stover is more than 50% in the ration. Key words : Kinggrass (Pennisetum purpupoides), corn stover, performance ongole crossbreed cows.
PENGARUH ASAM CUKA SAGUER TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK DAGING ITIK SERATI (Cairina moschata)
Authors: Illy Nilamsari , Wahyuni Indyah , Kalele J. A.D. , Lontaan N. 
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECTS OF PALM JUICE VINEGAR TOWARDS THE ORGANOLEPTICS OF MUSCOVY DUCK MEAT (Chairina moschata). People in North Sulawesi are continued to develop duck farming. Most of them run their farm with traditional system. The species of duck developed in North Sulawesi of Chairina moschata is called Muscovy duck. Special treatments were applied in cook processing of duck meat especially to eliminate stink and tough texture. Palm juice vinegar containing acetic acid has many roles when it was added in foods stuffs including duck’s meat. The aim of this research was to evaluate the organoleptic taste of duck meat immersed in palm juice vinegar. The objects of this research were breast part of duck meat immersed and in juice vinegar and stored during 4, 8 and 12 days. This research used completely randomized design involving 4 treatments with 40 untrained panelists as replication. Observed variables were colors, flavors, meat tastes and meat tenderness. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for further significant treatments. The results showed that immersion treatment of duck meat in palm juice vinegar stored during 4, 8 and 12 days gave significant effects (P<0.01) to organoleptic of duck meat. Further test with DMRT showed that immersion of duck meat in 12 days palm juice vinegar can be accepted by the panelists as the best treatment. Keywords: Organoleptic test, duck meat, palm juice vinegar
NILAI RETENSI NITROGEN DAN ENERGI METABOLIS RANSUM MENGGUNAKAN DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba) SEGAR PADA BROILER
Authors: Dady Zebedeus , Mandey J. S. , Imbar M. R. , Regar M. N. 
Published: July 2019

NITROGEN RETENTION AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY OF MULBERRY (Morus alba) FRESH LEAVES IN DIET OF BROILERS. The study was determine to evaluate the effect of Mulberry (Morus alba) fresh leaves in diet on nitrogen retention and metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen of broilers. A total of 20 birds at age of 6 weeks old were used for 7 days of preliminary period and 3 days of data collection period using a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. The dietary treatment was including levels of 0, 2, 4, and 6% of fressh mulberry leaves in the diets. The variables were nitrogen retention (NR) and metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn). Results showed that there were significant differences (P˂0.05) among treatments for NR and highly significant differences (P˂0.01) among treatments for AMEn. Analysis of variance for NR showed that there was no significant difference between R0 (89.81%) and R1 (85.97%) of diets. Similarly, there was no significant difference between R1 (85.97), R2 (84.51%) and R3 (84.09%) of diets. The values of AMEn showed that R0 diet had significant difference with those of R1 (3517.80 Kcal/Kg), R2 (3451.73 Kcal/Kg) and R3 (3360.90 Kcal/Kg). However, between R1, R2, and R3 had no significant differences. The results suggested the experiments of mulberry fresh leaves in level up to 6% can be used as an alternatives feedstuff of broiler diet based on nitrogen retention and metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen. Key words: broiler, murbei leaves, nitrogen retention and metabolic energy corrected nitrogen
KARAKTERISTIK ES KRIM MENGGUNAKAN STARTER BAKTERI PROBIOTIK Streptococus thermophilus dan Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Bahow Grace , Yelnetty A. , Tamasoleng M. , Pontoh W. J. H. 
Published: July 2019

CHARACTERISTICS OF ICE CREAM USING STARTER OF PROBIOTIC BACTERIA Streptococus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of probiotic bacteria, namely Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus as a starter on the characteristics ice cream. This experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design, with four treatments and five replications. Such treatmentis the different levels of starter A1=0%, A2=3%, A3=6%, and A4=9%. Data were analized by variance analysis. The results of experiment showed that the total of lactic acid bacteria ranged from 1.49 to 7.08 (log cfu/ml), the pH ranged from 5.24 to 5.67, while overrun ranged from 25.62 to 31.47%. The Results of analysis showed that the starter level of 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% gave a highly significant effect (P <0.01) on total of lactic acid bacteria, pH, and overrun. The counclution of this research was ice cream using a starter streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus at the level of 9% is the best ice cream on physical , and microbiological test. Key word: Probiotic bacteria, ice cream, starter, total of lactic acid bateria, pH, overrun.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS TERNAK BABI FASE STARTER
Authors: Tamawiwy Alfred , Najoan M. , Mandey J S , Sompie F. N 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON PIG PERFORMANCE. Utilization of fats and oils in pig diets is of great importance due to their high energy value. VCO is obtained by cold press processing of the kernel from the coconut fruit. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the diets on pig performance. The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 1.5 - 2.0 months weighing 12,0±2,0 kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + 0% VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R2 = 98.0% control diet + 2.0% VCO; R3 = 97.0% control diet + 3.0% VCO; and R4 = 96.0% control diet + 4.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption. The results showed that the utilization of VCO up to 4% in the diets had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption of pigs. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 4.0% in the diets has no significant meaning on pig performance. Key words: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Performance, Growing pigs
PENGGUNAAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes)TERFERMENTASI DALAM RANSUM ITIK TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK
Authors: Rompas Ronald , Tulung B , Mandey J S , Regar M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT UTILIZATION OF FERMENTED WATER HYACINTH (Eichhornia crassipes) IN DUCK DIETS ON DRY MATTER AND ORGANIC MATTER DIGESTIBILITY.The study aimed to determine the use of fermented water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) (FWH) in duck dietson dry matter and organic matter digestibility. This study was carried out for three weeks using 20 crossbred ducks of Mojosari and Alabio (MA), 8 weeks of age. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were R0 (0% FWH), R1 (10% FWH), R2 (20% FWH), R3 (30% FWH), R4 (40% FWH). Results showed that treatments was highly significant (P<0.01) affectedto dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Honestly significant difference test (HSD) on dry matter digestibility showed that there were no significant between treatment R0 (70.85%), R1 (71.08%), R2 (70,47%) and R4 (69.47%). The R3 diet was significantly higher than R4, but was not significantlydifferentbetween R0 and R1. The HSDtest on organic matter digestibility showed that there was no significant difference between R3 (76 27) and R0 (75.30%), R1 (75.43%) and R2 (775,17%), but R3 was significantly higher than R4 (74.13%). There were no significant differencebetween R0, R1, R2, and R4 diets. It can be concluded that fermented water hyacinth reach can be used till 30% in duck diet substituted to rice bran. Keywords:Fermented water hyacinth, Digestibility,Dry matter, Organic matter
EVALUASI KINERJA PENYULUH BP3K DALAM BIDANG PETERNAKAN DI KECAMATAN PINELENG KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Polohindang Astrid F , Sondakh B F.J , Lainawa J , Tumewu J M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE FIELD FARM EDUCATOR IN PINELENG DISTRICT PINELENG OF MINAHASA REGENCY. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of field farm educator and to know the success of the field farm educator at Pineleng district of Minahasa regency. Respondents were applied by survey method at 1 supervisor, 4 field farm educators and 30 selected farmers as targets of counseling. Data were collected by interview, observation and documentation. Sources of data were including primary data in the form of extension internal program, age, education, experience, and the number of dependent family. External extension factors were involving infrastruc-ture, government policies, the intensity of illumination, and the distance of field farm educator residence. The second primary data were taken regarding the indicators of appraisal extension educator office. Secondary data were obtained from agencies associated with this study, such as the BP3K office of the Pineleng district and Pineleng district office. Data analysis was using qualitative deskriprif. The analysis showed that the internal and external factors affecting one to each other of the performance of the field farm extension of educators. Extension performance appraisal done by superiors to field farm educator assessment itself indicated good category. This good category indicated that from nine assessment indicators, seven of them were done by field farm educators. Field farm educators were not optimal in doing extension because the compiled program did not reach the target. In conclusion internal and external factors influencing the extension performance of field farm educators, in the judgment of superiors are in accordance with the duties and functions of each field farm educator. On the basis of this study, the result of the extension was not optimal because more farmers did not participate and achieve in extension and the planned program objectives of the field farm educators.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAGING SEGAR DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK KELELAWAR OLAHAN
Authors: Ransaleleh Tiltje Andretha 
Published: July 2019

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESSING BAT (Pteropus alecto) FRESH MEAT. Study was done to evaluate chemical composition and preference degree of the consumers on the processing bat meat compared with beef, chicken and cakalang fish using steam cooking method, flavor cooking and spicy cooking method. Chemical composition was analyzed by proximate analysis using procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The organoleptic test was done by hedonic test. Data of the hedonic test were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis method. To evaluate data distribution of the panelist respons on the sample test, the data were using plot graphic box. The hedonic scales were using 1 to 7. The variables used were including color, taste, flavor, tenderness and general acceptance. Results of proximate analyses of bat meat based on fresh meat indicated that water content was 67.21 percents and protein was 20.48 percents. Based on dry matter, the protein contents of bat meat, pork, chicken, and cakalang fish were 48.97 percents, 69.08 percents, 67.14 percents, and 69.41 percents, respectively. The water contents were 5.76 percents, 9.92 percents, 8.27 percents, and 9.90 percents, repsectively; the calcium (Ca) contents were also 10.62 percents, 1.09 percents, 1.36 percents, 1.38 percents, respectively; while Phosphor (P) contents were 1.46 percents, 0.69 percents, 0.66 percents, and 0.72 percents, respectively. Variance analysis for organoleptic test showed that meat type with different processing affected significantly on taste, color, flavor, tenderness and general preference of bat meat, beef meat, chicken meat and cakalang fish by steam cooking, chicken flavor, and spicy cooking methods. Conclusion, bat meat contained protein relatively lower than that in pork meat, chicken meat, and cakalang fish, but mineral contents were relative higher. Results of organoleptic test showed that preference degree of processing meat were higher on using spicy flavor. The specific test on taste, color, flavor, tenderness and general responsed showed relatively the same responses by the panelists. Key word: Chemical composition, organoleptic test, processing bat meat
PERTAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN, JUMLAH KONSUMSI DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN PAKAN BABI FASE GROWER SAMPAI FINISHER YANG DIBERI GULA AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) DALAM AIR MINUM
Authors: Poluan Wenny R , Montong Petrus R.R.I , Paath Jantje F , Rawung Vonny R.W 
Published: July 2019

Weight gain, feed consumption and the efficiency of growing pigs to slaughter with palm sugar in drinking water. The production performances by looking at weight gain, consumption and feed efficiency is part of the requirements to see pig production capabilities. The study lasted 10 weeks consisting of 8-week data collection period and 2 weeks of data collecting preliminary aims to determine the effect of the use of palm sugar in the drinking water to the performances of grower to finisher productivities of pigs. The study used 16 mix male and female pigs period grower 12-14 week-old offspring of type cross-bred Yorkshire and Landrace. The experimental design used in this research was Block Randomized Experimental Design with four levels of treatment as follows 0, 2%, 4%, 6% palm sugar in drinking water in four different weight groups as replication. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the use of palm sugar in drinking water on weight gain (0,57- 0,65 kg) significantly effect (P <0.05), while the amount of consumption (2,56- 2,64 kg) and feed efficiency (0,22-0,25) were not significantly different (P> 0.05), however the amount of water consumption drink (6,57-8,91 litre) indicates the effect of significantly (P <0.05). The use of palm sugar in drinking water in pigs grower phase until finisher can deliver good growth despite the amount of consumption and the efficiency of feed use remains the same. Key words ; Grower, finisher, palm sugar
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN PUPUK BOKASI FESES SAPI TERHADAP PRODUKSI SORGUM VARIETAS KAWALI
Authors: Tacoh Edward , Rumambi A. , Kaunang W. B. 
Published: July 2019

EFFECT OF THE USE OF COW FECES BOKASHI FERTILIZER TO SORGHUM VARIETY KAWALI PRODUCTION. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench), is one type of grass that can be a source of forage potential to be developed in Indonesia because sorghum has the advantage of a drought resistant than other types of cereal crops, able to adapt to a wide area, sorghum used as food and animal feed alternatives. Seen from the content of nutrients, sorghum is higher than rice and maize especially of protein. This research aims to identify and obtain data about the effect of cow feces organic fertilizer that using EM4 for sorghum production. This research was implemented in Wusa village at districts Talawaan. The design used was completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 4 treatments and 5 replications to obtain 20 units of trial. The treatment consists of P0= without fertilization, P1= 4 kg of fertilization, P2= 8 kg of fertilization, P3= 12 kg of fertilization, the measured variables are panicle weight, panicle length and the weight of seeds. Result of the analysis showed that treatment with 12 kg/plot provides highly significant effect (P <0.01) of the panicle length, panicle weight and the weight of seeds compared with other treatments, ie 8 and 4 kg/plot. Based on the results of research concluded that giving bokashi with a dose of 12 kg/plot improve crop production as measured through panicle length, panicle weight and the weight of seeds.Keywords: Fertilizer, sorghum, cow feces, EM4, Production
PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) SORGUM PADA TINGKAT NAUNGAN BERBEDA DAN KEPADATAN POPULASI
Authors: Kaligis Yohanes Barry , Kaunang Ch. L , Kaligis D A , - Rustandi - 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) SORGHUM ON THE DIFFERENT LEVELS SHADE OG SHADE AND POPULATIONS DENSITY. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of shading area and plant population density and their interaction on vegetative growth of Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a Factorial arrangement with 2 factors of nitrogen level and shading area, as follows: factor A = shading area of A1 = no shading area (0%), and N2 = shading area; whereas factor B = plant population density of B1 = 4 plants, B2 = 6 plants, B3 = 8 plants, and B4 = 10 plants. Variables measured were: leaves number, plant height, and the correlation between leaves number and plant population density. Research results showed that plant height in open area (no shading) was about 86.33 cm and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Leaves number in open area was about 7.55 sheats and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. It can be concluded that shading positively decreased or retarded Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum growth as indicated by lower plant heights in shading area. In a limited daylight, plants needs an adaptation period to fulfill their needs for photosyntesis processes. Key words: brown midrib (BMR) sorghum, growth, population density, shading
EKSPLORASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) PADA RIZOSFIR HIJAUAN PAKAN
Authors: Ansiga Rifa E. , Rumambi A. , Kaligis D. A. , Mansur I. , Kaunang W. 
Published: July 2019

EXPLORATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL (AM) FUNGI IN FORAGE RHIZOSPHERES. This study aimed to determine the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in several kinds of hybrid forages Rhizospheres, either in grasses or legumes. Soil samples were taken from three different locations, consisted of: Mapanget (forages type: Leucaena leucocepala, Sorghum varieties numbu, Penicettum purpureum cv. Mott), Tateli (forages type: calothyrsus Calliandra, Gliricidia sepium) and Campus of UNSRAT, Manado (forage type: King grass). The soil samples which taken from forages rhizospheres were sieved using Brundrett method and then centrifuged. Thereafter, isolation and identification of spore were carried out based on spore morphology character, involves: shape, size, color, hyphae attachment, and ornament. Extraction and identification of spores on six types of rhizosphere were found 34 different types of AMF spores in shape and color. In grass, it was found three types of spores, i.e.: Glomus, Acaulospora, and Sclerocystis, meanwhile in leguminous just one type of spore was found, i.e.: Glomus. The difference of rhizosphere in grass and leguminosae resulted in different types of spores, where Sclerocystis and Acaulospora are found in grasses, on the contrary Sclerocystis and Acaulospora are not found in leguminosae. Based on the number of spores of AMF, it seemed that Glomus types found to have the most number, while Sclerocystis and Acaulospora had the lowest number of spores found. Key words: Exploration, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), Grass, Legume, Spores