bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purple Bacteria and 3D Redox Hydrogels for Bioinspired Photo‐bioelectrocatalysis
Authors: Grattieri Matteo , Patterson Sarai , Copeland Jeffrey , Klunder Kevin , Minteer Shelley D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA major challenge for the implementation of intact bacterial cells in photo‐bioelectrochemical systems remains the hindered extracellular electron transfer. This study focuses on purple bacteria, photosynthetic microorganisms particularly interesting for the development of bioelectrochemical systems because of their versatile metabolisms. Although soluble monomeric redox mediators have been proven as effective systems for electron transfer mediation, their application in the field is not preferable owing to their toxicity and unwanted release into the environment. An abiotic/biotic photoanode is reported in which a bioinspired redox mediating system is implemented in a 3D geometry allowing to “electrically wire” intact bacterial cells. The 3D photoanode decreased the overpotential required for harvesting photoexcited electrons, operating at +0.073 V versus the saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Accordingly, the overpotential was significantly reduced compared with a pioneering Os‐redox polymer reported in literature, which required operation at +0.303 V versus SCE. These results provide the basis for further development of bio‐photoanodes for light‐powered biosensing and power generation.
A Microporous Co(II)‐Based 3‐D Metal Organic Framework Built from Magnetic Infinite Rod‐Shaped Secondary Building Units
Authors: Kourtellaris Andreas , Moushi Eleni E. , Spanopoulos Ioannis , Trikalitis Pantelis N. , Pissas Michael , Papaefstathiou Giannis S. , Sanakis Yiannis , Tasiopoulos Anastasios J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Anastasios Tasiopoulos from the University of Cyprus. The cover image shows photos from the southwestern Cyclades island group of the Aegean Sea, which contain a wealth of minerals and rocks. Some of these exhibit porous structures and interesting magnetic properties.
Orange Peel Derived C‐dots Decorated CuO Nanorods for the Selective Monitoring of Dopamine from Deboned Chicken
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Zulfiqar Anam , Raza Rizwan , Yang Minghui , Hayat Akhtar , Akhtar Naeem 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA novel electrode based on orange peel derived C‐dots decorated CuO nanorods (CR@C‐dot) modified lead pencil (LP) electrode has been fabricated for highly sensitive and selective monitoring of dopamine (DA). Prior to the functionalization with C‐dot, electrochemical efficacy of CR was evaluated and compared with CuO nano‐needles (CN) and nano‐spheres (CS). The morphology, surface area and composition of synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), N2‐adsorption‐desorption isotherm, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our results indicated that CR has high electrocatalytic activity compared to CN and CS by expositing greater fraction of catalytic active sites, large surface area and short diffusion pathways. The electrochemical efficacy of CR is further enhanced by decorating with orange peel derived C‐dots, which surprisingly lead to the integrations of surface‐active sites with current collectors with minimum resistance by acting as an electron transport mediator and providing more surface defects. The developed CR@C‐dot sensor enables highly sensitive and selective recognition of DA detection (0.0007 μM), over good linear range (5–2250 μM) with rapid response time. the developed CR@C‐dot sensor was successfully used to monitor the DA from deboned chicken, thus suggesting reliability of the developed electrode.
Altered inter‐ and intrahemispheric functional connectivity dynamics in autistic children
Authors: Guo Xiaonan , Duan Xujun , Chen Heng , He Changchun , Xiao Jinming , Han Shaoqiang , Fan Yun‐Shuang , Guo Jing , Chen Huafu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEmerging evidence has associated autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with static functional connectivity abnormalities between multiple brain regions. However, the temporal dynamics of intra‐ and interhemispheric functional connectivity patterns remain unknown in ASD. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed for 105 ASD and 102 demographically matched typically developing control (TC) children (age range: 7–12 years) available from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database. Whole‐brain functional connectivity was decomposed into ipsilateral and contralateral functional connectivity, and sliding‐window analysis was utilized to capture the intra‐ and interhemispheric dynamic functional connectivity density (dFCD) patterns. The temporal variability of the functional connectivity dynamics was further quantified using the standard deviation (SD) of intra‐ and interhemispheric dFCD across time. Finally, a support vector regression model was constructed to assess the relationship between abnormal dFCD variance and autism symptom severity. Both intra‐ and interhemispheric comparisons showed increased dFCD variability in the anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex and decreased variability in the fusiform gyrus/inferior temporal gyrus in autistic children compared with TC children. Autistic children additionally showed lower intrahemispheric dFCD variability in sensorimotor regions including the precentral/postcentral gyrus. Moreover, aberrant temporal variability of the contralateral dFCD predicted the severity of social communication impairments in autistic children. These findings demonstrate altered temporal dynamics of the intra‐ and interhemispheric functional connectivity in brain regions incorporating social brain network of ASD, and highlight the potential role of abnormal interhemispheric communication dynamics in neural substrates underlying impaired social processing in ASD.
Entropy generation analysis of natural convective chemically reacting squeezing flow of Casson fluid between parallel disks with Hall and Ion slip currents
Authors: Ramesh Kesetti , Ojjela Odelu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper concerns the second law analysis of free convective squeezing flow of a chemically reacting Casson fluid confined between two parallel disks with Hall and Ion slip effects. The upper one is impermeable and the lower disk is porous. The linear momentum, energy balance and mass partial differential equations converted as system of ODEs by similarity transformations and tackled with shooting method via fourth order Runge‐Kutta scheme. The impact of various dimensionless geometric and fluid parameters on the velocity fields, temperature and concentration fields, entropy generation and Bejan numbers are studied and presented in the form of pictorially. The present results are correlated with already published outcomes for viscous case and found to be good agreement. The Bejan number of the fluid enhances with Ion slip parameter, whereas the concentration profile of the fluid is decreases with increasing of the Casson fluid parameter. The entropy generation of the fluid is enhanced with Eckert number whereas the Bejan number is decreased with suction/blowing parameter
l‐Carnitine Improves Postoperative Liver Function in Hepatectomized Patients
Authors: Okabayashi Takehiro , Sui Kenta , Mastumoto Takatsugu , Iwata Jun , Morita Sojiro , Iiyama Tatsuo , Shimada Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsThe effect of perioperative treatment with l‐carnitine in hepatectomized patients is unclear. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the short‐term outcomes after liver cancer surgery in patients treated with l‐carnitine compared with nontreated patients.MethodsPatients with primary liver malignancies scheduled to undergo a hepatectomy were randomly assigned to receive either perioperative treatment with l‐carnitine (carnitine group) or usual intake (control group). The primary endpoint of this study was the short‐term outcome after liver surgery.ResultsThe study participants were randomly assigned into 2 groups: 106 patients in the control group and 102 patients in the perioperative l‐carnitine supplementation group. The restoration of serum ammonia levels, prothrombin time, and peripheral neutrophil count at 3 days after the operation was significantly faster in the carnitine group than in the control group. Fewer patients in the carnitine group developed grade B posthepatic liver failure, according to the grading system of the International Study Group of Liver Surgery, than patients in the control group (20% vs 76%). The length of hospitalization was significantly shorter in patients in the carnitine group than in those in the control group.ConclusionsWe found that perioperative treatment with l‐carnitine was significantly better than ordinary treatment in reducing postoperative serum ammonia levels, suggesting that l‐carnitine may serve as a pivotal regulator of liver injury and repair and result in shorter postoperative hospitalization (ClinicalTrials.gov trial registration no. NCT03021876).
Improved National Results With Simultaneous Liver‐Kidney Transplantation Using Donation After Circulatory Death Donors
Authors: Croome Kristopher P. , Mao Shennen , Yang Liu , Pungpapong Surakit , Wadei Hani M. , Taner C. Burcin 
Published: October 2019

Previous large registry studies have demonstrated inferior outcomes for simultaneous liver‐kidney transplantation (SLKT) recipients of grafts from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors compared with those from donation after brain death (DBD) donors in the era from 2000 to 2010. Given the improving national results in liver transplantation alone using grafts from DCD donors, the present study aimed to investigate if results with DCD‐SLKT have improved in the modern era. Patients undergoing SLKT between 2000 and 2018 were obtained from the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Analysis and Research file and divided into 2 eras based on the date of SLKT: era 1 (2000‐2010) and era 2 (2011‐2018). Improvement in DCD‐SLKT patient, liver graft, and kidney graft survival rates was seen between era 1 and era 2 (P < 0.001). Concurrently, there was a decrease in the proportion of critically ill (P = 0.02) and retransplant (P = 0.006) candidates undergoing DCD‐SLKT. When DCD‐SLKT in era 2 was compared with a propensity‐matched cohort of DBD‐SLKT in era 2, no differences in patient (P = 0.99), liver graft (P = 0.19), or kidney graft (P = 0.90) survival were observed. In addition, both bilirubin (0.5 versus 0.5 mg/dL; P = 0.86) and creatinine (1.2 versus 1.2 mg/dL; P = 0.68) at last follow‐up were not different between the DCD‐SLKT and DBD‐SLKT patients in era 2. In conclusion, in the most recent era, patients undergoing DCD‐SLKT were able to achieve similar outcomes compared with matched patients undergoing DBD‐SLKT. DCD‐SLKT represents a viable option for appropriately selected recipients.
Laterality and risk factors for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow
Authors: Ashworth Nigel L. , Huang Christopher , Chan K. Ming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundUlnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) is the second commonest entrapment neuropathy after carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and yet the laterality is not well delineated. Our aim was to establish the laterality of UNE in a large cohort of patients.MethodsAll new patients with clinical and electrodiagnostic (EDX) confirmed UNE over a 13‐year period were included. We used multivariate analysis to examine potential predictors of laterality, and unilateral vs bilateral UNE.ResultsOf 880 cases, 61% were left‐sided and 39% right‐sided. These proportions did not change regardless of the handedness of the patient. Patients with bilateral UNE were much more likely to be older male and have a variety of comorbidities.ConclusionsUNE appears to be present on the left 50% more often than on the right, regardless of the patient's handedness.
A case of projectile trauma from the medieval Poulton Chapel, Cheshire, the United Kingdom
Authors: Canavan Sara M. , Burrell Carla L. , Emery Michael M. , Gonzalez Silvia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExcavations at the medieval cemetery of Poulton Chapel, Cheshire, have uncovered over 900 articulated human skeletal remains, with numbers predicted to reach as high as 1500 as excavations continue. The demographics of this archaeological site is typical of a medieval rural assemblage. However, SK535 provides a glimpse into some of the traumatic aspects of medieval life. The excavation of SK535 revealed a middle‐aged adult male around 168 cm in stature. His position of burial was typical of Christian burials with an east‐west orientation, but the positioning of his arms identified that this was not a typical burial. His right arm was flexed at the elbow crossing the thorax, whereas the left arm was in the extended position. This is different from the other arm positions observed at Poulton Chapel. A metal object, identified here as a Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, was recovered from underneath the right arm, from within the thorax. This arrowhead was potentially armour piercing, and the type was commonly used during the 12th–13th century. Radiocarbon dates obtained for SK535 coincide with the time of the use of this arrowhead. Following the initial assessment, the only other instance of trauma identified in SK535 was a healed transverse fracture to the right distal ulna. Due to the location of Poulton Chapel in Cheshire, SK535 could have been wounded by an arrow carrying the M7 bodkin during English‐Welsh border skirmishes, which occurred frequently during this time period. The demographic profile of this individual indicates a possible professional fighter of the medieval period; however, no firm skeletal evidence of occupation could be provided. Nonetheless, this case study not only highlights the violence experienced during the medieval period but also indicates the ability for the survival of some traumas.
FDG PET‐CT in pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Jessop Sophie , Crudgington Donna , London Kevin , Kellie Stewart , Howman‐Giles Robert 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in pediatric patients presents with single‐system or multisystem disease. Accurate staging is essential for selecting the most appropriate therapy ranging from local surgery to chemotherapy.MethodsA retrospective review was undertaken of reported fludeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography ‐ computed tomography (PET‐CT) scans performed in children with LCH from June 2006 to February 2017. Findings were compared with a reference standard of biopsy or informed clinical follow‐up.ResultsOne hundred nine scans were performed in 33 patients (age 7 weeks to 18 years). Nineteen patients had single‐system, bone unifocal disease; seven patients had single‐system, bone multifocal disease; four patients had single‐system, skin unifocal disease; two patients had multisystem disease; and one patient had single‐system, lymph node disease. Twenty‐six scans were performed to stage biopsy‐proven LCH, and 83 scans were performed during follow‐up to assess treatment response or recurrence after therapy completion.At staging, FDG PET‐CT detected all sites of biopsy‐proven LCH (except where bone unifocal disease had been resected). There was one false‐positive thymic finding that resolved without therapy. The per‐patient false‐positive rate of FDG PET‐CT at staging was 4% (1/26). During follow‐up, five LCH recurrences and one case of progressive disease on therapy occurred, all positive on FDG PET‐CT. During follow‐up two patients had FDG PET‐CT scans with false‐positive findings and one patient with a magnetic resonance imaging false‐positive finding. The per‐scan false‐positive rate of FDG PET‐CT during follow‐up was 2% (2/83).ConclusionsFDG PET‐CT is highly sensitive for the staging and follow‐up of pediatric patients with LCH, and has a very low false‐positive rate.
Persistent right umbilical vein in isomerism
Authors: Acherman Ruben J. , Evans William N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the incidence of a persistent right umbilical vein in isomerism versus situs solitus.MethodsFor this retrospective, observational, nonrandomized report, we identified fetuses with confirmed right umbilical veins from all patients referred for fetal echocardiography in Southern Nevada between January 2006 and January 2019.ResultsFor the period January 2006 to January 2019, we identified 89 fetuses with situs solitus and a right umbilical vein from 16 320 women undergoing prenatal cardiac evaluation, resulting in a right umbilical vein incidence of 0.5% in situs solitus. For the same period, we identified 36 fetuses with isomerism and confirmatory umbilical vein imaging. Of the 36, 15 (42%) had right umbilical veins. Of the 15, four of 11 (19%) had left isomerism, and 11 of 15 (73%) had right isomerism (P = .006).ConclusionsA right umbilical vein is rare with situs solitus and common with isomerism. A right umbilical vein is more common in right isomerism than left isomerism and should alert the clinician to check for isomeric situs, especially right isomerism.
A secure and robust elliptic curve cryptography‐based mutual authentication scheme for session initiation protocol
Authors: Nikooghadam Mahdi , Amintoosi Haleh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSession initiation protocol (SIP) is known as multimedia communication protocol based on IP, which is leveraged to provide signaling as well as instant messaging services. Since SIP services are widely used by Internet users, an important challenge is to supply mutual authentication between the SIP server and the user. Recently, Qui et al have presented an authentication and key agreement protocol for SIP and mentioned that their protocol is efficient and secure. In this article, we demonstrate that the protocol proposed by Qui et al is not able to provide mutual authentication and is prone to various attacks including Denning‐Sacco and denial of service attacks. We then propose a secure and efficient two‐factor authentication and key agreement protocol for SIP using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). We analyze the security of the proposed scheme and show that it is able to satisfy various security features and resist different types of attacks. We also compare the computation and communication costs of the proposed scheme with other related authentication schemes and demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms other known ECC‐based methods in achieving low computation and communication costs as well as resisting against all known attacks.
Parathyroidectomy Without the Utilisation of iPTH: The Gold Standard is Still a Good Operation—How Understanding the Anatomy and a Simple US Can Help
Authors: Yeung Meei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractParathyroid surgery is frequently performed after at least two preoperative localisation studies, in addition to the use of intraoperative ioPTH. The key to performing a successful parathyroidectomy is reliant on the surgeon having an outstanding knowledge of parathyroid embryology and anatomy. With this, it is possible to undertake surgery with a simple neck ultrasound and without more expensive pre‐ and intraoperative localisation studies.
Würde, Freiheit, Leiblichkeit
Authors: Ritzi S. , Kruse A. 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Anwendung freiheitsentziehender Maßnahmen (feM) bei Menschen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen bzw. Demenz im Akutkrankenhaus ist noch immer von Aktualität. Dabei sind diese Zwangsmaßnahmen fachlich nicht nur umstritten, sondern auch vor dem Hintergrund einer Ethik, die sich dem Schutz der Menschenwürde verschrieben hat, in den seltensten Fällen moralisch gerechtfertigt. Die ethische Bewertung von feM erfolgt zumeist in klassischen medizinethischen Paradigmen wie der Prinzipienethik nach Beauchamp und Childress. Um die Debatte an dieser Stelle anzureichern, wird nach einer kurzen Darstellung der Problematik die ethische Kategorie der Leiblichkeit eingeführt. Dieses Phänomen, das seit einem „corporeal turn“ in den Wissenschaften mehr und mehr Aufmerksamkeit erhält, kann neue Perspektiven auf Würde, Freiheit und Freiheitsentzug eröffnen: Freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen finden nicht in einem luftleeren Raum der Ideen Anwendung, sondern am konkreten psychophysischen Leib des Menschen. Damit sind feM Eingriffe in die leibliche Souveränität des Menschen und richten sich gegen seine leiblich manifestierte Freiheit. Der Begriff des Leibes, der hier Anwendung findet, bezeichnet mehr als nur den physischen „Körper“ und kann besonders gut die (inter)subjektive Komponente des Phänomens beschreiben, die hier zu berücksichtigen ist. Zu prüfen ist abschließend auch, inwiefern der Freiheitsentzug durch medikamentöse Ruhigstellung einen besonders schwerwiegenden Eingriff in die menschliche Leiblichkeit darstellt. Ist die Kategorie der Leiblichkeit in die Debatte um feM eingeführt, können entscheidende neue Schwerpunktsetzungen vorgenommen werden.
Implementation of BiClusO and its comparison with other biclustering algorithms
Authors: Karim Mohammad Bozlul , Kanaya Shigehiko , Altaf-Ul-Amin Md. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the implementation of biclustering algorithm BiClusO using graphical user interface and different parameters to generate overlapping biclusters from a binary sparse matrix. We compare our algorithm with several other biclustering algorithms in the context of two different types of biological datasets and four synthetic datasets with known embedded biclusters. Biclustering technique is widely used in different fields of studies for analyzing bipartite relationship dataset. Over the past decade, different biclustering algorithms have been proposed by researchers which are mainly used for biological data analysis. The performance of these algorithms differs depending on dataset size, pattern, and property. These issues create difficulties for a researcher to take the right decision for selecting a good biclustering algorithm. Two different scoring methods along with Gene Ontology(GO) term enrichment analysis have been used to measure and compare the performance of our algorithm. Our algorithm shows the best performance over some other well-known biclustering algorithms.
Clinical predictors of delayed engraftment in autologous hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
Authors: Lutfi Forat , Skelton IV William Paul , Wang Yu , Rosenau Emma , Farhadfar Nosha , Murthy Hemant , Cogle Christopher R. , Brown Ranadall , Hiemenz John , Wingard John R. , Norkin Maxim 
Published: October 2019

Objective/background:
Clinical predictors of delayed engraftment following autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) are poorly described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to identify pretransplant characteristics contributing to delayed engraftment (DE) following AHCT.

Methods:
A retrospective, single institution study of 1162 consecutive patients undergoing AHCT from January 1996 to August 2016 was studied for DE. DE was defined as platelet count ≤ 50,000/μl, hemoglobin ≤ 8 g/dL, or absolute neutrophil count ≤ 1000/mm3.

Results:
Of the 1162 AHCT recipients, 263 (22.6%) were identified as having DE at 30-days post-AHCT with 80.0% being solely due to delayed platelet engraftment. Patients with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represented 18% of the original cohort, but accounted for 45% of those with DE, whereas multiple myeloma patients represented 59% of the initial cohort, but only 29% of those that had DE. At 3 months post-AHCT, transfusion dependence (p = .0083) prior to AHCT, low-infused CD34+ cell dose < 3 × 106/kg (p = .0012), and low preAHCT platelet count < 150 × 103/μL (p = .0027) were significantly associated with delayed engraftment.

Conclusion:
Transfusion dependence prior to AHCT, pre-AHCT platelet count, and CD34+ cell dose were the strongest predictors of delayed engraftment in patients undergoing AHCT.