bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign bodies in adult upper digestive tract: a series of 30 cases
Authors: Jayaraman Nirmal Kumar , V. J. Vikram , M. Kalaiselvi , M. Sudha 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Rigid endoscopy under general anaesthesia has traditionally been used by otolaryngologist for diagnosis and management of variety of disorders affecting the upper digestive tract including the removal of foreign body. Smooth foreign bodies does not pose much threat but may cause airway obstruction. Sharp foreign bodies, if not removed the earliest may penetrate oesophageal wall and cause complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A Retrospective analysis was done for patients who underwent rigid oesophaghoscopy under general anaesthesia for 30 patients of foreign body ingestion at Upgraded Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, between November 2016 – November 2017. The records of age, sex, co-morbidities, X-ray finding, complications were recorded. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of adults in this group belonged to 40-50 years age. The most common foreign body impacted was chicken bone totalling 16. 2 patients of denture ingestion were referred for flexible endoscopy after failed attempt, 1 developed oesophageal perforation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Rigid endoscopy is the gold standard for removal of sharp foreign body as the sharp ends can be clasped and brought in to the endoscope there by preventing damage to the mucosa. Foreign body with multiple sharp ends which cannot be negotiated into rigid endoscope, should be pushed into the stomach and attempted removal by cutting sharp ends of foreign body or by gastrostomy, as pulling such foreign body will lead to full length tear of oesophagus leading to morbidity and mortality. </p>
Femoral diaphysis fractures: treatment with unreamed intramedullary nailing and its results
Authors: Demiroğlu Murat 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="TR">Femoral shaft fractures are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in the lower extremity injuries</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="TR">21 femoral body fractures of 19 adult patients were treated with the unreamed intramedullary nailing. Of 19 patients 14 were males and 5 were females</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="TR">All fractures healed. Deep infection was not encountered. According to the Thoresen criteria, the rate of excellent-good results was 78%. In two patients, who had also cranial trauma, development of excessive callus was observed. None of the patients required a secondary operation</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="TR">Unreamed intramedullary nailing, if it can be implemented with closed technique and with double lock screw at the distal side, provides satisfactory results in the femoral shaft fractures</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p> </p>
Rethinking Language Education in Indonesia
Authors: Umami Maslihatul 
Published: February 2018

Language education in Indonesia may be discussed by over viewing the nature of the three language categories in the country: Indonesian language, indigenous languages, and foreign languages. From the picture of how the three groups of languages work and function, the problem raised in this paper is based on two fundamental assumptions. Language education in this multilingual and multicultural country is not done on the context of literacy, on the one hand, and it is not yet considered important in comparison with that of the subjects related to basic science and technology, on the other. After reviewing a number of models of bilingual education and comparing them with what has been done in Indonesia, a preferred model will be offered. Finally, it will also be suggested that language education in Indonesia should be associated with literacy development in a wider sense. Furthermore, meanwhile language education should be given an adequate room; language teaching should be based on the functional use of the existing languages in the country and should be done in tandem with the teaching of content since content is delivered through the medium of language. Keywords: education; language function; literacy development; content
The Significance of Introducing Culture in EFL Instruction
Authors: Malihah Noor 
Published: February 2018

EFL students many times made mistakes in using the English expressions and led to misinterpretations or even acceptable message of their utterances. This is due to their lack of cultural awareness or their understanding towards L2 culture. Therefore, EFL teachers should think of how to give position to the L1 and L2 culture in their teaching and learning process of EFL instructions.To solve the problems, there are some approaches used to introduce the target language culture, by knowing the obstacles that the learners frequently made. Keywords: EFL; Cultural Awareness; Approaches; Obstacles
The Existence of Learners in Language Learning
Authors: Ruwandi Ruwandi 
Published: February 2018

Caring of students in teaching-learning process should be one of the most important attentions of teachers. They should be the central body by which the measurement of success or failure is underpinned. Teachers will be considered successful when their students get scores above the passing grade. However, they must fail when the students get unsatisfactory achievements. Even though students’ success is the end of the aim of teaching-learning process but their involvement is not taken into account accordingly. To achieve such a goal, their internal potentials should be revitalized. The inner potentials include attitude, motivation, aptitude, and intelligence. The successful study can be achieved when the four internal potential are well managed. For that reason, teachers’ attention should be addressed to intensify the potentials to get the significant yield.Keywords: Care of; Internal Potentials; Attitude; Motivation; Aptitude;Intelligence
The Experimental Study of the Effectiveness of Teaching Speaking by Using Cartoon in the Fifth Year Students of Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun 
Published: February 2018

This research was carried out to find out how far the achievement of speaking English lesson by using cartoon and a significant difference of the students speaking ability between the students taught by using cartoon media and those taught without using cartoon media. The research was conducted at Islamic Elementary School (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) Lancar, Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. The objects of the research were the fifth year students. This is quantitative research. Technique of sampling in this research used classified random sampling. The result of the research is the score of the post-test from the experiment group is higher (7,68) than the score of the post-test from control group (6,95). Therefore, the writer might conclude that using of cartoon media proved better result in speaking skill than students who are taught without using cartoon media. It means that there is significant difference of the students speaking skill between those using cartoon media and those who do not use cartoon in teaching speaking. Also, there is a significant contribution of using cartoon in teaching speaking. Keywords: Effectiveness, Speaking; Cartoon Media; Teaching Speaking through Cartoon for Elementary School Students
“From Teacher-Centered to Students-Centered to Collaborative Learning” Illuminating My Teacher Knowledge through Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Triyoko Hanung 
Published: February 2018

Teacher knowledge refers to the ways teachers know themselves and their professional work situations. This paper applies the narrative inquiry method to illuminate my own teacher knowledge. Through each vignette told in this paper, I will inquire into what I know and feel about English teaching-learning process and illuminate my teacher knowledge by referring to what education experts say regarding particular concepts of English teaching-learning. My students and I will have greater chance to share the values behind the students-centered classroom interaction, the Internet-based learning, or other kind of learning to follow in the future when ‘we’, not only ‘I’ redefine education practices at schools Keywords: Narrative Inquiry; Teacher Knowledge; Vignette
Improving Students’ Writing Skill in Descriptive Text by Using Outdoor Activity
Authors: Suharmi Sri 
Published: February 2018

This study is a classroom action research. The general objective of this study is improving students’ writing skill through outdoor activity. While the specific objective of this research are (1) whether or not outdoor activity can increase the students’ writing content of descriptive text of the second year of Mts Sudirman Kopeng Getasan. (2) it describe whether the outdoor activity can improve the students’ writing skill in developing paragraph. This classroom action research was conducted at MTs Sudirman Getasan. The procedure of the research consisted of planning, action, observing, and reflection. The observation during the process of English teaching and learning was helped by the collaborator. In this research, the writer acted as a practitioner. The test was in the form of pre-test and post –test conducted in cycle 1, cycle 2, and cycle 3. The research result were: (1) using outdoor activity as a method can improve students’ writing skill, its proved with the student’s improvement score. The mean score of the pre-test of the students was 57 (very poor) and the mean score of the post- test 70 (good). The mean of the post-Test is higher than the mean of the pre-Test ( 64.53>56.56), the mean of the post-test in cycle 2 is higher than mean of cycle 1 (70.59>64.53) and the mean of the post –Test cycle 3 is higher than cycle 2 (74.56>70.59). the proven result of the implementation was 75%. (2) The effectiveness of using outdoor activity in improving students’ writing skill is proved from the t-test and t-table in cycle 1 (9.67>2.042) which the score of t-test was higher than the score of t-table and the result of t-test and t-table in cycle 3 (15.11>2.042) also showed that the score of t-table.
Enhancing Students’ Speaking Skill through Gallery Walk Technique
Authors: Anwar Farrah Zakiyah 
Published: February 2018

The aims of this research are (1) to describe the procedure of enhancing students’ speaking skill by “gallery walk” technique at the first grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah (plus) Salatiga in academic year 2014/2015. (2) to find out whether the “gallery walk” technique can enhance students’ speaking skill or not and (3) to find out the extent of the use of “gallery walk” technique enhancing students’ speaking skill. The research method that is used in this research is classroom action reserach. The subjects of the research were 34 students in grade X at SMA Muhammadiyah (plus) Salatiga. The researcher uses two cycles; each cycle consists of planning, action, observation and reflection. The result of this research shows that there is an enhancement of the students’ speaking skill using “gallery walk” technique. It can be seen from T-Test calculating in cycle I is 5.09 and cycle II 6.70; T-Table with N = 34 is 2.035. And also the increasing students’ mean score in percentage from cycle I to cycle II with the standardized score (the minimum of passing criteria) is 75, At the cycle I is 55.88% students and 82.35% in the cycle II. The increasing of score in percentage from cycle I to cycle II is 26.47 %. This indicates that by applying “gallery walk” technique, the students’ speaking skill can be enhanced.
Modeling Students’ Readiness to Adopt Mobile Learning in Higher Education: An Empirical Study
Authors: Al-Adwan Ahmad Samed , Al-Madadha Amr , Zvirzdinaite Zahra 
Published: February 2018

<p class="3">Mobile devices are increasingly coming to penetrate people's daily lives. Mobile learning (m-learning) is viewed as key to the coming era of electronic learning (e-learning). In the meantime, the use of mobile devices for learning has made a significant contribution to delivering education among higher education students worldwide. However, while m-learning is being widely adopted in developed countries, the adoption of such an approach in developing countries is still immature and underdeveloped. Developing countries are facing several challenges and lagging behind in terms of adopting m-learning in higher education. Thus, this paper explores the factors that have an impact on students’ intentions and readiness to adopt m-learning in higher education in Jordan. Based on the data collected from the field, we examine Jordanian students' requirements and preferences in terms of m-learning design, and we also investigate their concerns about adopting m-learning. This empirical study collected data from students using a paper-based questionnaire. The results reveal that students' intentions to adopt m-learning is influenced by several factors that include the relative advantage, complexity, social influence, perceived enjoyment, and the self-management of learning. By providing a picture of students' willingness to adopt m-learning, this study offers useful and beneficial implications for developers of m-learning applications and for educational providers to guide the design and implementation of comprehensive m-learning systems.</p>
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAME TOURNAMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Prayekti Dewi , Maryadi H , Suyitno Suyitno 
Published: February 2018

<p>Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam memilih dan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang tepat dalam pembelajaran dan rendahnya tingkat keaktifan siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar sehingga hasil belajar matematika siswa rendah. Terbukti dari hasil ulangan harian siswa dari 21 siswa hanya 14 siswa yang memenuhi KKM 63, dengan rata- rata nilai 61. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran <em>Teams Game Tournament</em> terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Kalitengah Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>Pra Experimental Design </em>dengan rancangan <em>One group pretest posttest design</em>. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, berdasarkan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji <em>t-test</em> maka Model pembelajaran <em>Teams Game Tournament</em> efektif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa.</p><p>Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, <em>Teams Game Tourname</em></p>
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA DIORAMA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERINTEGRASI TEMA INDAHNYA NEGERIKU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Amalia Miftah Devi , Agustini Ferina , Sulianto Joko 
Published: February 2018

<p>Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengetahui bagaimana kevalidan me­dia diorama pada pembelajaran tematik terintegrasi tema indahnya negeriku, (2) Mengetahui pengembangan Media diorama pada pembelajaran tematik terintegrasi tema indahnya negeriku untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Panggang 01 Jepara. Penelitian menggunakan metodologi penelitian <em>Research dan Development </em>(R&amp;D). Langkah-langkah penelitian dan pengembangan ini dikem­bangkan dengan prosedur pengembangan model Borg and Gall. (1)Hasil dari analisis data dari validasi ahli media I sebesar 91,25%, ahli media II sebesar 97% dan ahli media III sebesar 79%. Validasi ahli materi I sebesar 91,7%, ahli materi II sebesar88,3% dan ahli materi III sebesar 75%. (2)Uji coba produk dilakukan dua kali yaitu uji coba terbatas dan uji coba perluas, uji coba terbatas di lakukan di SDN 1 Panggang Jepara dengan respon siswa sebesar 92,2% dan respon guru sebesar 92,5%.. Uji coba perluas di lakukan di 2 SD yaitu SDN 4 Panggang dan SDN 5 Mulyoharjo dengan respon siswa 92% dan respon guru sebesar 87,5% dari analisis tersebut dapat disimpulkan media diorama layak digunakan di sekolah dasar.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : media diorama, tematik terintegrasi</p>
EFFECT OF KANGFUXIN LIQUID ON INTESTINAL BARRIER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Hongwei Zhang , Liyou Wei , Gang Zhao , Shuzheng Liu , Jing Zhang 
Published: February 2018

Background:Kangfuxin Liquid is extracted from America periplaneta, which is effective for treating gastrointestinal ulcers and repairing gastrointestinal mucosal tissue. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of Kangfuxin Liquid on improving intestinal barrier dysfunction in elderly patients using mechanical ventilation and effectively restraining the concentration of D-lactate.
Materials and Methods: Elderly patients with mechanical ventilation were selected, and divided into “control” and “treatment” groups by using a random number table. Patients in both groups were given conventional treatment. Patients in “treatment group” additionally received Kangfuxin Liquid. At baseline and at 3, 7days following treatment, recordings for the concentration of D-lactate, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and bowel sounds were conducted. The duration of mechanical ventilation, the time of stay in ICU and the mortality rate during 28 days were recorded.
Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences in the terms of the concentrations of D-lactate, IAP and bowel sounds in the two groups (P>0.05). At 3 and 7days following treatment, the concentration of D-lactate, IAP and bowel sounds in the “treatment group” were better than those in the “control group”. The differences were statistically significant (P
Locally produced hydrogen sulphide detecting water quality test kits increase household level monitoring in rural Tanzania
Authors: Matwewe Fatuma , Hyland Kate , Thomas Jacqueline 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In developing countries, rural water sources have the highest levels of faecal contamination but are the least monitored. Affordable field-based water quality tests are needed. The presence of faecal indicator bacteria can be determined with hydrogen sulphide (H2S) detecting tests, that are inexpensive and simple to make locally. In rural Tanzania, a non-governmental organisation (NGO) designed, produced and evaluated a new H2S water quality test kit. The H2S test results correlated with log10Escherichia coli densities from conventional water quality tests. The production cost was US$ 1.10 and the test retailed for US$ 1.37. In total, 433 tests were sold through local pharmacies and NGOs. Additionally, 165 WaSH education meetings, reaching 3,408 community members, were conducted with the H2S test demonstrated in over half the meetings. Pre- and post-surveys of 294 meeting participants saw an increased reporting of household level water treatment by 24%. The H2S test was widely accepted, with 94% of those surveyed willing to buy the test in the future. International and national guidelines for drinking water monitoring need to be amended to include locally produced H2S water quality tests. This will enable households to monitor their own water sources and make informed choices about water safety and treatment.
Proposta de prevenção de acidentes: um foco em aspectos comportamentais
Authors: Da Silva Ana Paula , Braga Enilson Salino , Ferreira Alex Franco , De Carvalho José Thomaz 
Published: February 2018

Diariamente, pessoas de diversas categorias e classes sociais sejam elas iniciantes, aprendizes ou até mesmo os mais experientes, estão envolvidas em algum tipo de acidente do trabalho, tendo como um dos influenciadores o fator humano. Este trabalho é uma revisão bibliográfica, onde através de pesquisas em revistas, artigos, dissertação de mestrado dentre outros recursos, buscou-se abordar o elevado número de acidentes do trabalho e apresentar propostas para prevenção dos mesmos, tendo como foco o aspecto comportamental. Verificou-se mais de 600 mil acidentes no ano de 2015, destes, mais de 2500 vieram a óbito, segundo dados da AEPS (2015). Partindo desse princípio, o presente trabalho fez uma abordagem em um dos fatores que propiciam o acidente do trabalho, que é o fator humano. A partir de então, buscou-se propostas para eliminar os acidentes, mas principalmente, trabalhar com medidas de prevenção que traga conscientização ao funcionário, para tanto foi apresentado o Programa 5S, a Auditoria Comportamental e a Ginástica Laboral. São medidas fáceis de implantar, podem ser desenvolvidas em qualquer empresa, porém para que as mesmas dêem resultados, deverá haver conscientização e transformação tanto por parte do empregado quanto por parte do empregador e principalmente deve haver comprometimento de ambas as partes. Conclui-se que essas medidas, embora sejam simples, podem trazer melhores condições de trabalho aos funcionários, bem como uma maior e melhor segurança, visto que todas elas visam uma melhor qualidade de vida no trabalho.
Procedimentos de segurança para o manuseio correto e consciente de lâmpadas de vapor.
Authors: Dos Santos Raphael Alves , Raposo Arvellos Luis Fernando , Ferreira Alex Franco , De Carvalho José Thomaz 
Published: February 2018

Com a regulamentação da Lei de Eficiência Energética, que induziu ao banimento gradativo das lâmpadas incandescentes e a substituição pelas lâmpadas fluorescentes, as quais são mais eficientes do ponto de vista energético, a quantidade de lâmpadas fluorescentes geradas devido à essa substituição das incandescentes por fluorescentes aumentou a quantidade deste tipo de lâmpadas. Além disso, devido também a substituição das fluorescentes por LED, que são ainda mais eficientes, tornou-se o manuseio para substituição e descarte ainda maior. Além das fluorescentes, outros modelos de lâmpadas de vapor tubulares e ovóides são utilizadas em áreas de iluminação pública. O mercúrio é um componente essencial para o funcionamento das lâmpadas fluorescentes e lâmpadas de vapor de mercúrio, e está relacionado à longa vida útil e à eficiência energética. Porém, é um elemento de alto efeito tóxico e cumulativo. O vidro é outro componente utilizado nestas lâmpadas e oferece riscos de acidente durante seu manuseio para instalação, retirada, armazenamento e descarte. Torna-se necessário realizar uma análise dos riscos oferecidos pelo manuseio incorreto, tanto ao meio ambiente quanto à saúde física dos profissionais da área, focando nos procedimentos de segurança para o manuseio correto e consciente de lâmpadas de vapor. Este trabalho traz informações necessárias para o entendimento dos riscos oferecidos e das medidas de segurança que devem ser adotadas para os profissionais da área de eletricidade e manutenção que mantém contato diretamente ou indiretamente com lâmpadas de vapor. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo com base em consultas e registros fotográficos de campo sobre o atual cenário da forma incorreta de manuseio e descarte praticada pela sociedade. Tem por objetivo destacar a importância conscientização dos riscos existentes, para aplicação das medidas de segurança que serve de referência para aplicação em empresas e residências. Considera-se que a visão geral proporcionada por este trabalho permitirá razoável posicionamento do leitor quanto às ações de operacionalização na segurança no manuseio correto lâmpadas de vapor para melhoria das atuais formas de manuseio e descarte para um processo de trabalho mais seguro.