bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wound healing activity of Ipomoea batatas tubers (sweet potato)
Authors: Panda Vandana , Sonkamble Madhav , Patil Swati 
Published: August 2018

Background: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. from the family Convolvulaceae is the world’s sixth largest food crop. The tubers of Ipomoea batatas commonly known as sweet potato are consumed as a vegetable globally. The tubers contain high levels of polyphenols such as anthocyanins and phenolic acids and vitamins A, B and C, which impart a potent antioxidant activity that can translate well to show wound healing effects. To check their effects on wound healing, the peels and peel bandage were tested on various injury models in rats in the present study.Methods: The methanolic extracts of the peels and peel bandage of Ipomoea batatas tubers (sweet potato) were screened for wound healing by excision and incision wound models on Wistar rats. Three types of gel formulations were prepared, viz., gel containing 3.0% (w/w) peel extract, gel containing 6.0% (w/w) peel extract and gel containing 10% (w/w) peel extract. Betadine (5% w/w povidone iodine cream) was used as a reference standard. In the incision wound model, Tensile strength of the skin was measured. Epithelization time, wound contraction, hydroxyproline content of the scab, and ascorbic acid and malondialdehyde content of the plasma were determined in the excision wound model.Results: In the incision wound model, high tensile strength of the wounded skin was observed in animals treated with the peel extract gels and the peel bandage when compared with wounded control animals. The increase in tensile strength indicates the promotion of collagen fibers and that the disrupted wound surfaces are being firmly knit by collagen. In the excision wound model, significant wound closure was observed on the 4th day in rats treated with all three gel formulations when compared with the wounded control rats. A significant increase in hydroxyproline and ascorbic acid content in the gel-treated animals and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde content in the animals treated with gel as well as peel bandage was observed when compared with the wounded control animals.Conclusion: It may be concluded that the peels of Ipomoea batatas tubers possess a potent wound healing activity, which may be due to an underlying antioxidant mechanism.Key Words: Sweet potato peels, excision wound, incision wound, wound healing
Immunodetection and quantification of insulin-like antigens in sprouts: development of an efficient functional food
Authors: Pathak Manju , Martirosyan Danik M. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Hormone Insulin is a drug used for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Insulin used in this experiment is derived from bovine and pork pancreas, as well as through recombinant technology. Patients with diabetes mellitus face an inability to utilize glucose from blood due to either less secretion of insulin, or the inability of the insulin to act; As a result of this glucose levels in the blood rise. The prevention and treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus one is world’s major public health issues. Natural alternatives have a big role to play in this field. This study aims at discovering functional foods rich in Insulin like proteins. Here we are reporting Insulin-like proteins synthesizing during the embryo development stage of Glycine max: soybean, Vigna radiata: moong and Vigna unguiculata: cowpea seeds. Hence, germination transforms these seeds containing human insulin like proteins.Methods: In our investigation we have provided protein extraction with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The plant materials weighing 1g were crushed in mortar and pestle, and the protein from the plant materials was extracted with 20 ml of 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.6). The suspensions were centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 15 min, and the clear supernatants were subjected to Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of insulin-like proteins. We have used USDA nutritional data sources for the analysis of new products. Results: Our results demonstrate that Insulin is not expressed in dry mature dormant seeds, but is expressed only during the embryo development stage. Dry mature dormant seeds and the seeds germinated for 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 96 hours of Glycine max, Vigna radiata and Vigna unguiculata, were investigated for expression of insulin through immunodetection using anti-insulin antibodies. Dry dormant seeds of all the three seeds showed zero expression at 450 nm for insulin, while significant presence of insulin showing positive immuno-reactivity towards anti-insulin antibodies were observed at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and at 96 hours of germination.Conclusion: The study is suggesting that insulin-like proteins are synthesized only during the process of embryo development, the sprouts of such legumes, particularly soybeans, can be a good source of insulin.Key words: Germination, insulin, seed embryo development, sprouts.
The protective effect of soybean phytochemicals on androgen responsive human prostate cancer cells LNCaP is likely mediated through modulation of hormone/cytokine-dependent pathways
Authors: Wang Thomas , Boue Stephen M. , Krishnan Hari B. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Population studies suggested that consumption of a soy rich diet provides protective effects against several chronic diseases, including prostate cancer. However, the active components in soy as well as the mechanisms of action of soy’s protective effects remain unclear. It would be important to elucidate these questions to support the use of soy in the prevention of chronic disease.Methods: A cell culture model and molecular techniques were used as tools to identify a molecular signature induced by soy-derived phytochemicals.Results: Soy phytochemicals inhibit growth of androgen responsive prostate cancer cells. Global gene expression analysis using DNA microarray and real time PCR analysis identified multiple pathways affected by the soy-derived phytochemicals genistein, daidzein, equol, and glyceollins in the androgen responsive human prostate cancer cell LNCaP. These pathways included androgen receptor-dependent pathways, insulin-like growth factors pathways, and cell cycle-related pathways. Soy-derived phytochemicals modulated these pathways in a concentration-dependent fashion.Conclusion: Taking into consideration the physiological achievable concentration of diet-derived soy phytochemicals, we propose the concentration-dependent cancer protective effect is likely mediated through modulation of hormone/cytokine-dependent pathways.
Effect of grape seed extract on postprandial oxidative status and metabolic responses in men and women with the metabolic syndrome - randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Edirisinghe Indika , Randolph Jody , Cheema Mandeep , Tadapaneni Ravi , Park Eunyoung , Burton-Freeman Britt , Kappagoda Tissa 
Published: August 2018

Objective: This investigation was undertaken to determine whether a grape seed extract (GSE) that is rich in mono-, oligo- and poly- meric polyphenols would modify postprandial oxidative stress and inflammation in individuals with the metabolic syndrome (MetS).Background: MetS is known to be associated with impaired glucose tolerance and poor glycemic control. Consumption of a meal high in readily available carbohydrates and fat causes postprandial increases in glycemia and lipidemia and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance.Materials/methods: After an overnight fast, twelve subjects with MetS (5 men and 7 women) consumed a breakfast meal high in fat and carbohydrate in a cross-over design. A GSE (300 mg) or placebo capsule was administrated 1 hr before the meal (-1 hr). Changes in plasma insulin, glucose, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured hourly for 6 hr. Results: Plasma hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) measured as the positive incremental area under the curve (-1 to 5 hr) was significantly increased when the meal was preceded by GSE compared with placebo (P<0.05). Meal-induced increases in oxidized LDL were attenuated with GSE (P<0.05). Plasma glucose concentrations (area under the curve from -1 to 5 hr) were also significantly lower when the meal was preceded by GSE (P<0.05) while the insulin concentrations remained unchanged (P>0.05). No changes in inflammatory markers were evident. Conclusion: These data suggest that GSE enhances postprandial plasma antioxidant status and reduces the glycemic response to a meal, high in fat and carbohydrate in subjects with the MetS. Key words: Polyphenols, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, ORAC, Oxidized LDL
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lecithin free egg yolk protein preparation hydrolysates obtained with digestive enzymes
Authors: Zambrowicz Aleksandra , Pokora Marta , Eckert Ewelina , Szołtysik Marek , Dąbrowska Anna , Chrzanowska Józefa , Trziszka Tadeusz 
Published: August 2018

Several biological activities have now been associated with egg protein- derived peptides, including antihypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities, highlighting the importance of these biopeptides in human health, and disease prevention and treatment. Special attention has been given to peptides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as a new source of natural preservatives in food industry. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the egg-yolk protein by-product (YP) hydrolysates were evaluated based on their radical scavenging capacity (DPPH), Fe2+chelating effect and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Furthermore, antimicrobial properties of obtained hydrolysates against Bacillus species were studied. The degrees (DHs) of hydrolysis for 4h hydrolysates were: 19.1%, 13.5% and 13.0%, for pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin, respectively. Pepsin was the most effective in producing the free amino groups (1410.3 μmolGly/g). The RP-HPLC profiles of the protein hydrolysates showed differences in the hydrophobicity of the generated peptides. Trypsin hydrolysate obtained after 4h reaction demonstrated the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (0.85 µmol Troloxeq/mg). Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysates obtained after 4h reaction exhibited 4 times higher ferric reducing capacity than those treated by pepsin. The hydrolysis products obtained from YP exhibited significant chelating activity. The 4h trypsin hydrolysate exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis B3; B. cereus B512; B. cereus B 3p and B. laterosporum B6. Keywords: Antioxidative activity, DPPH, peptides, hydrolysis, egg-yolk protei
Anti-ulcer activity of Ipomoea batatas tubers (sweet potato)
Authors: Panda Vandana , Sonkamble Madhav 
Published: August 2018

Background: Peptic ulcers occur in that part of the gastrointestinal tract which is exposed to gastric acid and pepsin, i.e., the stomach and duodenum. Gastric and duodenal ulcers are common pathologies that may be induced by a variety of factors such as stress, smoking and noxious agents including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ipomoea batatas tubers (sweet potato) contain ample amounts of antioxidants. It has been proven already by many scientific studies that antioxidants have ulcer healing properties. In reference to this, we tried assessing the ulcer healing effect of Ipomoea batatas tubers. Methods: The anti-ulcer activity of the tubers of Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) was studied in cold stress and aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats. Methanolic extracts of Ipomoea batatas tubers (TE) at two doses, viz., 400 and 800 mg /kg were evaluated in cold stress and aspirin-induced gastric ulcer models using cimetidine and omeprazole respectively as standards. The standard drugs and the test drugs were administered orally for 7 days in the cold stress model and for 1 day in the aspirin-induced gastric ulcer model. Gastroprotective potential, status of the antioxidant enzymes {superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase(GR)} along with GSH, and lipid peroxidation were studied in both models. Results: The results of the present study showed that TE possessed gastroprotective activity as evidenced by its significant inhibition of mean ulcer score and ulcer index and a marked increase in GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR levels and reduction in lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner.Conclusion: The present experimental findings suggest that tubers of Ipomoea batatas may be useful for treating peptic ulcers.Key Words: Sweet potato tubers, cold stress, aspirin, ulcer, antioxidants.
Effects of Oral Supplementation with Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Stress, Fatigue, and Sleep
Authors: Nakano Masahiko , Yamamoto Tetsuro , Okamura Hisayoshi , Tsuda Akira , Kowatari Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2018

Seventeen adult male and female subjects participated in a clinical trial using an open-label trial to evaluate the effectiveness of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on stress, fatigue, quality of life and sleep. They ingested 20 mg of PQQ daily for 8 weeks. Changes in stress, fatigue, quality of life measures and sleep were evaluated using various inventories and questionnaires. For example, the results of the Profile of Mood States-Short Form revealed that all six measures of vigor, fatigue, tension-anxiety, depression, anger-hostility and confusion were significantly improved following PQQ administration compared with scores for those measures before administration of PQQ. Measures for quality of life, appetite, sleep, obsession and pain, also improved significantly. The results of the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi Sleep Inventory (Middle Aged and Aged version) showed significant improvement in sleepiness at awakening, sleep onset and maintenance, and sleep duration. For validation, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Japanese version also showed significant improvement in sleep-related behavior. Furthermore, the changes in these global scores were correlated with changes in the cortisol awakening response (R = -0.55), i.e. the effects of PQQ on improvement of sleep quality are supported by a biomarker.Keywords: Pyrroloquinoline quinone, stress, fatigue, quality of life, sleep
Effect of 1-O-Alcylglycerols from sea hydrobionts on the metabolic status of rats with alimentary dyslipidemia
Authors: Karaman Yulia K. , Novgorodtseva Tatyana P. , Gvozdenko Tatyana A. , Kasynov Sergey P. 
Published: August 2018

Objective: Sea hydrobionts are a rich source of biologically active lipid compounds. Search for new biologically active substances to determine their pharmacological effectiveness is of current interest.Background: In recent interest held pharmaceuticals from marine hydrobionts containing 1-O-alkyl-diacylglycerol (ADG). Significant amounts of ADG found in the tissues of some marine organisms of Pacific ocean - squid Berryteuthis magister (up to 50% in the lipids of the liver), crab Paralithodes camtschatica (10% lipids of the hepatopancreas). This makes it possible to use these aquatic animals as new sources of dietary supplements. In rats with alimentary dyslipidemia (DLP) examined the effect of nature 1-O-alkyl-glycerol (AG) on the metabolism of lipids, the state of the hepatobiliary, antioxidant systems and hematological parameters of blood.Method: Alimentary model DLP caused high-fat diet of beef fat and cholesterol. Were injected AG in rats with DLP a dose of the 0.4 g/kg for 30 days. 1-O-alkyl-glycerol were obtained by hydrolysis of the lipids of the liver ADG squid Berryteuthis magister. Biochemical parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and liver enzymes measured in blood serum. Investigated the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma, the activity of catalase in erythrocytes, glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity, glutathione (GSH) lever. The content of initial and final products of lipid peroxidation – hydroperoxides of lipids (HPL), malondialdehydes (MDA) in the blood were investigated. Determination of hematological parameters is carried out on «Abacus» (USA). Statistical significance of differences was calculated by Student's t-test.Results: Introduction AG resulted in a reduction in triglycerides in the blood serum of rats by 24.2% compared with rats with DLP (p <0.05), increase in HDL-C by 63% (p <0.001). There was an increase in blood glucose concentration by 21.3% (p <0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDG) activity by 30% (p <0.05), ALT – 24% (p <0.001) compared with rats with DLP. After use AG in rats showed an increase in the activity of catalase, reduction of lipid hydroperoxides in plasma. Showed normalization of the TAA and the trend to reduce the concentration of MDA. In the glutathione-redox system under the influence of AG increased activity GR, GP, GSH levels. After use AG an increase in the total number of red blood cells in the blood by 40% (p < 0,001), total hemoglobin by 38% (p < 0.001), platelet count by 30% (p < 0.001 ), lymphocytes - 43% (p < 0.001), blood clotting time increased by 57%.Conclusion: The study showed that the use of AG causes increased protective functions - hematopoietic, immune-stimulating and antioxidant. These data suggest the widespread use of AG from lipid liver squid Berryteuthis magister in rehabilitation practice of various pathologies.Keywords: natural 1-O-alkyl-lglycerols, dislipidemia, metabolic status
Processed coffee alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice
Authors: Fiebich Bernd L. , Vinuesa Amaya G. , Sanchez-Duffhues Gonzalo , Collado Juan A. , Rose Thorsten , Menthe Jörn , Muñoz Eduardo 
Published: August 2018

Background: Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world and it has been demonstrated that it has important therapeutic activities not only because of its caffeine content but also owing to the presence of other biologically active small molecules such as chlorogenic acid, trigonelline and cyclopentadiones. However, chlorogenic acid is degraded into catechol, pyrogallol and hydroxyhydroquinone, which are thought to induce irritation of the gastric mucosa. To reduce the content of irritant compounds processing methods have been developed prior to roasting the coffee beans.Objectives: The aim of this study was to study the anti-inflammatory and gastro-protective effects of processed coffee (Idee-Kaffee) on in LPS-treated human primary monocytes and in a murine model of colon inflammation (IBD model).Results: In this study we have analyzed the effects on inflammatory events in cultured cells and in mice drinking a commercially available processed coffee. The processed coffee inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, IL-6 and IL-8, and other inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin (PG)E2 and 8-isoprostane in cultured human primary monocytes. Oral administration of dissolved processed coffee, i.e., in its usual beverage form, improved greatly the adverse macroscopic and histological features of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice in a dose-dependent manner. Processed coffee not only largely prevented DSS-induced colitis but also dramatically suppressed in vivo NF-ϰB and STAT3 activities through inhibition of IϰBα and STAT3 phosphorylation. Furthermore, this soluble coffee bean extract reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-11, and IL-6 and the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in colonic tissues.Conclusions: This work identified processed coffee as an anti-inflammatory beverage with the capacity to reduce substantially DSS-induced colitis as well as the colitis-associated cellular inflammatory events. Keywords: coffee, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, NF-ϰB, STAT3, cytokines
Benzotropolone moiety in theaflavins is responsible for inhibiting peptide-transport and activating AMP-activated protein kinase in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Park Ha-Young , Kunitake Yuri , Matsui Toshiro 
Published: August 2018

Objective: In the small intestine, peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) plays a role in the transport of di- and tri-peptides. Recently, we found that theaflavins (TFs), dimeric catechins, inhibited the transport of di-peptides across Caco-2 monolayers by suppressing the expression of PEPT1 through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. In this study, we investigated the structural requirement of theaflavins for the effect, and the mechanism(s) underling theaflavin-induced AMPK activation.Methods: Theaflavin-3’-O-gallate (TF3’G) was used for this study, since it possessed the most potent inhibition power for peptide-transport among theaflavins. Absorption ability was measured with Caco-2 cell monolayers treated with or without 20 μM sample (TF3’G or its related compounds) in an Ussing Chamber. The amount of Gly-Sar (a model of PEPT1-transporing peptide) transport at fixed time-points to 60 min was determined by fluorescent naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde-derivatized assay (Ex/Em: 405 nm/460 nm). The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) was used to evaluate the permeability. Expression of PEPT1 protein in Caco-2 cells treated with or without 20 μM TF3’G in the presence or absence of inhibitor (10 μM compound C as AMPK inhibitor or 25 μM STO-609 as CaMKK inhibitor) was evaluated by Western blot.Results: The Papp value of Gly-Sar significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in 20 μM purprogallin-treated Caco-2 cells as well as in TF3’G-treated cells, together with the reduction of PEPT1 expression, while their monomeric catechins did not show any Papp reduction. In TF3'G-treated Caco-2 cells, the recovery of the reduced PEPT1 expression was found by 10 μM compound C, but not STO-609.Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the benzotropolone moiety in theaflavins was a crucial structural requirement for exerting the inhibition of intestinal peptide-transport, and the suppression of PEPT1 expression by theaflavins would be caused by activating LKB1/AMPK pathway, but not CaMKK/AMPK pathway.Keywords: Theaflavin-3’-Ο-gallate, Peptide transport, PEPT1, Benzotropolone, AMP-activated protein kinase, Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase
Inhibitory effect of a formulated extract from multiple citrus peels on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 246.7 macrophages
Authors: Etoh Tadahiro , Kim Yong P. , Hayashi Masahiko , Suzawa Michiko , Li Shiming , Ho Chi-Tang , Komiyama Kanki 
Published: August 2018

Background: Formulated Citrus Peel Extract (GL) made from the peels of six citrus fruits available in Japan, namely navel oranges, citrus hassaku, citrus limon, citrus natsudaidai, citrus miyauchi and satsuma, was initially developed as a cosmetic product to protect skin from UV irradiation. Anecdotal evidences of anti-cancer property of GL have been reported by consumers based on the cases such as topical application for melanoma, and oral ingestion for prostate, lung and liver cancers. Those anecdotal reports stimulated us to investigate anti-tumorigenesis activity of GL. In the previous study, we reported that the topical application of GL inhibited DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumor formation by decreasing inflammatory gene parameters.Objective: In this study, we mainly investigated the effect of GL on translocation of NF-kB together with production of nitric-oxide and TNF-α induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells.Results: This investigation showed that GL decreased the release of TNF-α and nitric oxide from macrophage RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, GL suppressed the expression of iNOS and nuclear translocation of NF-kB in RAW264.7 cells, inhibited the degradation of IκB-α, and scavenged hydroxyl radicals (DMPO/OH adduct) in vitro.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that GL suppresses the inflammation in vitro, and exerts chemopreventive activity through the inhibition of production of TNF-α and iNOS proteins due to the inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-kB and oxidative stress. GL appears to be a novel functional natural product capable of preventing inflammation and inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Keywords: GL, Citrus peel extract, anti-inflammation, Nitric oxide, iNOS, NF-kB, TNF-α