bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary clinical evaluation of the treatment efficacy of a temperature‐adjustable cryotherapy device for chronic, recurrent blepharitis in dogs
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Wook , Yoon Tae‐Won , Kim Joon‐Young 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo preliminarily evaluate the treatment efficacy of a temperature‐adjustable cryotherapy device for chronic, recurrent blepharitis in dogs.Animals StudiedFive dogs (eight eyes) of different breeds with blepharitis, which was unresponsive to systemic steroids.ProceduresThe dogs were subjected to ophthalmic examination, including Schirmer tear test‐1 (STT‐1), tear film break‐up time (TFBUT) test, and slit‐lamp biomicroscope examination. Cryotherapy was performed using a device featuring precise low‐temperature control. A bandage lens and ointment (2% hypromellose) were applied before cryotherapy to protect the cornea. Carbon dioxide gas at 0°C was sprayed on the lesion for 10 s. In all patients, only topical antibiotics and corticosteroid were applied twice a day; systemic corticosteroids were not used. Pruritus and ocular discharge were scored based on the visual analog scale (VAS) before and 3 weeks after cryotherapy. Qualitative changes in tear film were measured using STT‐1 and a TFBUT test. The effects on erythema and swelling were evaluated by ophthalmic examination.ResultsPruritus improvement was confirmed in all eight eyes (five dogs). After cryotherapy, the average VAS score of pruritus significantly decreased from 4.12 ± 2.64 to 0.37 ± 0.51 (p < .001), and the average TFBUT significantly increased from 5.75 ± 4.80 to 13.75 ± 4.43 (p = .010). STT‐1 and the VAS score of ocular discharge did not significantly differ. Erythema and swelling were improved in three out of eight eyes.ConclusionsCryotherapy is effective in treating blepharitis with pruritus and may become a new treatment option in patients in whom systemic corticosteroids are difficult to administer.
Mindfulness-based neurofeedback: A systematic review of EEG and fMRI studies
Authors: Treves Isaac N. , Greene Keara D. , Bajwa Zia , Wool Emma , Kim Nayoung , Bauer Clemens C.C. , Bloom Paul A. , Pagliaccio David , Zhang Jiahe , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan , Auerbach Randy P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Neurofeedback concurrent with mindfulness meditation may reveal meditation effects on the brain and facilitate improved mental health outcomes. Here, we systematically reviewed electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of mindfulness meditation with neurofeedback (mbNF) and followed PRISMA guidelines. We identified 9 fMRI reports, consisting of 177 unique participants, and 9 EEG reports, consisting of 242 participants. Studies of fMRI focused primarily on downregulating the default-mode network (DMN). Although studies found decreases in DMN activations during neurofeedback, there is a lack of evidence for transfer effects, and the majority of studies did not employ adequate controls, for example, sham neurofeedback. Accordingly, DMN decreases may have been confounded by general task-related deactivation. EEG studies typically examined alpha, gamma, and theta frequency bands, with the most robust evidence supporting the modulation of theta band activity. Both EEG and fMRI mbNF have been implemented with high fidelity in clinical populations. However, the mental health benefits of mbNF have not been established. In general, mbNF studies would benefit from sham-controlled RCTs, as well as clear reporting (e.g., CRED-NF).
The use of silver nanoparticles against aflatoxin contamination in crops – mechanism, challenges and future scope
Authors: Gobikanila K. , Jeyaramraja P.R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Certain Aspergillus spp. release harmful byproducts known as aflatoxins. These carcinogenic toxins contaminate crops, such as groundnut, maize, and rice. This contamination poses a significant health risk and economic burden. Current control methods have limitations. This review explores the potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a novel strategy to mitigate aflatoxin contamination (AC). The review highlights the advantages of AgNPs, such as (1) antimicrobial properties against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, the aflatoxin producers; (2) effectiveness at concentrations that do not inhibit fungal growth, potentially reducing aflatoxin production; and (3) potential for eco-friendly synthesis using plant extracts. The review also discusses the potential drawbacks of AgNPs viz. (a) environmental concerns regarding accumulation and impact on beneficial soil microbes; and (b) cytotoxicity towards various organisms, requiring further research on safety. Studies suggest AgNPs can inhibit aflatoxin synthesis by disrupting the transcription of aflatoxin biosynthesis genes, damaging the fungal cell membrane and causing leakage of cellular components, and interfering with the secondary metabolism pathway. The review concludes that AgNPs offer a promising approach for aflatoxin control. However, further research is needed to address cytotoxicity concerns and optimise their safe and effective application in agricultural settings.
A review of Chinese Prosopistomatidae with a description of the first Asian Prosopistoma imago of a new species (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)
Authors: Zheng Xuhongyi , Mu Pengxu , Zhou Changfa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Previously, no adult of the Asian Prosopistomatidae had been reported despite that this region has over half species of the family. Similarly, while six species have been discovered in China, they have never been systematically compared. In this study, we provide detailed photos of all Chinese Mainland species, including a new one named Prosopistoma wuchang sp. nov. In nymphs, the new species has a flat body and a distinct carapace color pattern. In adults, it exhibits clear sexual dimorphism in both color and structure. Males can be recognized by unnotched posterior flange of imaginal head, U-shaped median notch of imaginal penes and hooked claw of subimagos. Females can be recognized by uniformly brown body, non-branching veins of hindwings, postero-lateral projections of abdominal segments and the white filament arising from mesonotum. Taxonomically, this new species represents the first known adult from Asia and the first nymph-adult association via molecular sequences. Biologically, the nymphs of this new species live in the rapid currents of a wide river in southwestern China, while the adults emerge at dawn.
Closing the Protection Gap Through a Legally Binding cedaw Optional Protocol on Violence against Women and Girls
Authors: Manjoo Rashida , Beninger Christina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Highlighting the historical developments of soft law normative standards on violence against women, as reflected in the documents and interpretations of mechanisms of the United Nations system, the article asserts that there is a need to close the protection gap in international law, and address the issues of widespread impunity, lack of accountability and state responsibility failures. An analysis of select treaty-making processes provides an illustrative picture and understanding of the possibilities regarding addressing the protection gap in respect of violence against women, which is acknowledged as a widespread and pervasive human rights violation. This article focuses on the developments in selected international lawmaking processes, in attempts to close identified protection gaps within international law. The authors propose a solution: the adoption of an Optional Protocol on violence against women and girls, attached to the UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women. The international treaty-making processes identified in the article provide lessons learned and make recommendations on suggested ways to approach the issue.
The Development of AI
Authors: Dobrovolska Olena , Rakhnin Andriy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained popularity due to rapid advancements in the field. For over twenty years, AI has been expanding into various areas of human life, including science, education, medicine, and personal life. As a result of this significant progress, artificial intelligence has become the focus of multiple scientific disciplines; however, the philosophical analysis of the current state of the field remains understudied.
The analysis of the development of AI in the 21st century from philosophical perspectives has been conducted. Utilizing Stepin’s concept of the foundations of science, we conclude that since the end of the 20th century, there has not been a scientific revolution in the field of AI. Nevertheless, AI is at the peak of its development due to substantial technological advancements. Each area within the field is open to new practical and theoretical achievements; consequently, the study of artificial intelligence will remain a focus in the future.
Digitally Driven Short- and Intermediate-term Courses of Primary Care Psychiatry for Doctors: A Theme-based Analysis and Performance Audit
Authors: Nanjudaswamy Madhuri H. , Joseph Rini , Sethi MI Singh , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Chand Prabhat K. , Math Suresh Bada 
Published: December 2024

Background: The National Mental Health Survey of India 2015–2016 identified a substantial treatment gap in mental healthcare, emphasizing the urgent need for improved training of primary care doctors (PCDs) in managing psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three digitally delivered primary care psychiatry courses offered by the department of psychiatry in a tertiary neuropsychiatric center: the Certificate Course in Primary Mental Healthcare (CCPMH), the Diploma in Community Mental Health (DCMH), and the Diploma in Primary Care Psychiatry (DPCP). Methods: Based on the board of studies documents, including curriculum, delivery methods, accreditation criteria, and outcomes, a comparative and thematic analysis of the courses was conducted. Results: The digital courses differed in duration, depth, and delivery methods. The DPCP, the most intensive and personalized program, was highly effective in translating knowledge into clinical practice. The CCPMH provided a foundational, short-term course for PCDs, while the DCMH covered a broader range of topics relevant to primary care psychiatry, supplemented with self-learning modules. All courses significantly contributed to reducing the mental health treatment gap by training a substantial number of PCDs. Conclusions: Digitally delivered courses are essential in addressing the mental health treatment gap in India. The DPCP, with its emphasis on practical training and personalized learning, demonstrates high effectiveness in equipping PCDs with the necessary skills to manage psychiatric disorders. However, further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and to address the scalability and accessibility challenges of these.
Troubled RFC—Can the Lost Glory be Brought Back?
Authors: Mathur Swati , Kalyani P. 
Published: December 2024

Recreational Facilities Company (RFC) was a unique initiative established with the goal of developing, maintaining and growing recreation facilities in India. It was one of the top-rated and successful family entertainment hotspots during the 1990s. But within a decade, things started to falter at RFC. Once a favourite hotspot, RFC started losing life due to several issues, such as changes in higher management, maintenance and service issues, depleting employee morale, customer satisfaction and increased competition. It was during this time Mr Avinash Makhwana was appointed as CEO of RFC with the task of a much-needed strategic turnaround. With a huge growth potential for the recreational industry, the biggest challenge for Mr Avinash was to decide what strategies should be used to turn around RFC and from where to start. The case discusses how Mr Avinash got into diagnosis mode by appointing an external agency to do an unbiased comprehensive situation analysis of RFC. The case is useful for discussing turnaround management, focussing on organizational culture, people management, etc.
Conservative treatment for traumatic atlantoaxial joint infra-anterior dislocation complicating odontoid fracture in young children: A case series
Authors: Wu Chunxing , Zheng Yiming , Qian Chuang , Huang Peng , Ning Bo , Wang Dahui 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze children treated conservatively in our hospital to explore the clinical characteristics of children with traumatic atlantoaxial joint infra-anterior dislocation complicating odontoid fracture and the therapeutic effects of treatment. Methods: Patients with atlantoaxial joint infra-anterior dislocation complicating odontoid fracture received conservative treatment, which comprised three steps: cervical traction (2 weeks), plaster fixation (2 months), and brace fixation (3 months). Results: We treated three patients (boy:girl = 0:3, mean age = 2.5 years old) from 2017 to 2020, the diagnoses were all traumatic C1-2 infra-anterior dislocations associated with odontoid fracture (Anderson and D’Alonzo classification type II: three cases, Hosalkar type IB: two case and IC: one case), with or without cervical spinal cord injury. The C1-2 infra-anterior dislocations were all successfully reduced by gentle traction with the halo method (case 1) or occipital-jaw (cases 2 and 3) for a mean of 18.3 days (19, 15, 21 days), after which the Calot plaster vests (head–neck–chest plaster vests) were fitted and maintained for 2 months, without operation. Braces were maintained for 3 months after the Calot plaster vests were removed. All patients achieved fracture healing and recovered from the spinal injury. Conclusion: In young children, atlantoaxial joint infra-anterior dislocation complicating odontoid fracture usually occurred at the odontoid synchondrosis and belonged to Anderson and D’Alonzo classification type II or Hosalkar type I. Conservative treatment achieved good results (dislocation reduction, bone healing, recovery of neurological symptoms). Level of evidence: Level IV case series.
Congenital T-cell activation impairs transitional-to-follicular B-cell maturation in humans
Authors: Allard-Chamard Hugues , Hillier Kirsty , Ramseier Michelle L. , Bertocchi Alice , Kaneko Naoki , Premo Katherine , Yuen Grace , Karpel Marshall , Mahajan Vinay S. , Tsekeri Christina , Hong Joseph S. , Vencic Jean , Crotty Rory , Sharda Anish V. , Barmettler Sara , Westermann-Clark Emma , Walter Jolan E. , Ghebremichael Musie , Shalek Alex K. , Farmer Jocelyn R. , Pillai Shiv 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Patients with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA4) deficiency exhibit profound humoral immune dysfunction, yet the basis for the B-cell defect is not known. We observed a marked reduction in transitional-to-follicular (FO) B-cell development in patients with CTLA4 deficiency, correlating with decreased CTLA4 function in regulatory T cells, increased CD40L levels in effector CD4+ T cells, and increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in transitional B cells (TrBs). Treatment of TrBs with CD40L was sufficient to induce mTORC1 signaling and inhibit FO B-cell maturation in vitro. Frequent cell-to-cell contacts between CD40L+ T cells and immunoglobulin D–positive CD27– B cells were observed in patient lymph nodes. FO B-cell maturation in patients with CTLA4 deficiency was partially rescued after CTLA4 replacement therapy in vivo. We conclude that functional regulatory T cells and the containment of excessive T-cell activation may be required for human TrBs to mature and attain metabolic quiescence at the FO B-cell stage.
SARS-CoV-2 in semen: a multicenter prospective study and literature review
Authors: Cochetti Giovanni , Del Zingaro Michele , Maiolino Giuseppe , Paladini Alessio , Mearini Matteo , Schiavina Riccardo , Bianchi Lorenzo , De Angelis Lorenzo , Panciarola Mattia , Camilloni Barbara , Brunocilla Eugenio , Mearini Ettore 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite numerous efforts to demonstrate the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 in semen of affected males, no clear evidence exists. We conducted a multicenter prospective study on adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 including patients with active infection (Active Group) and with a history of COVID-19 disease at least of 6 months (Recovered Group). An RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 and a semen analysis were performed on the semen of the enrolled patients. Genital/sexual symptoms were investigated in both groups. In the active infection group, urinary and sexual functions were assessed in the active phase and after 6 months. Finally, the literature on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in semen was reviewed non-systematically.

Results
Sixty-five patients were enrolled (Active Group = 15, Recovered Group = 50). RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 found no trace of the virus in any of the semen samples. Genital/sexual symptoms during the active phase were reported in 8 (12.2%) patients. No statistically significant differences in semen quality were found between the two groups. IPSS and IIEF-5 scores did not change significantly during the different phases of infection about (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in semen of acute or recovered cases. Sperm parameters were not significantly different in the two groups. Urinary and erectile functions appeared stable across the phases of infection.
How mathematical modelling can inform outbreak response vaccination
Authors: Shankar Manjari , Hartner Anna-Maria , Arnold Callum R. K. , Gayawan Ezra , Kang Hyolim , Kim Jong-Hoon , Gilani Gemma Nedjati , Cori Anne , Fu Han , Jit Mark , Muloiwa Rudzani , Portnoy Allison , Trotter Caroline , Gaythorpe Katy A. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMathematical models are established tools to assist in outbreak response. They help characterise complex patterns in disease spread, simulate control options to assist public health authorities in decision-making, and longer-term operational and financial planning. In the context of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), vaccines are one of the most-cost effective outbreak response interventions, with the potential to avert significant morbidity and mortality through timely delivery. Models can contribute to the design of vaccine response by investigating the importance of timeliness, identifying high-risk areas, prioritising the use of limited vaccine supply, highlighting surveillance gaps and reporting, and determining the short- and long-term benefits. In this review, we examine how models have been used to inform vaccine response for 10 VPDs, and provide additional insights into the challenges of outbreak response modelling, such as data gaps, key vaccine-specific considerations, and communication between modellers and stakeholders. We illustrate that while models are key to policy-oriented outbreak vaccine response, they can only be as good as the surveillance data that inform them.
Functional screening reveals genetic dependencies and diverging cell cycle control in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors
Authors: Merk Daniel J. , Tsiami Foteini , Hirsch Sophie , Walter Bianca , Haeusser Lara A. , Maile Jens D. , Stahl Aaron , Jarboui Mohamed A. , Lechado-Terradas Anna , Klose Franziska , Babaei Sepideh , Admard Jakob , Casadei Nicolas , Roggia Cristiana , Spohn Michael , Schittenhelm Jens , Singer Stephan , Schüller Ulrich , Piccioni Federica , Persky Nicole S. , Claassen Manfred , Tatagiba Marcos , Kahle Philipp J. , Root David E. , Templin Markus , Tabatabai Ghazaleh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are incurable high-grade pediatric brain tumors. Despite intensive research efforts, the prognosis for ATRT patients under currently established treatment protocols is poor. While novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed, the generation of molecular-driven treatment concepts is a challenge mainly due to the absence of actionable genetic alterations.

Results
We here use a functional genomics approach to identify genetic dependencies in ATRT, validate selected hits using a functionally instructed small molecule drug library, and observe preferential activity in ATRT cells without subgroup-specific selectivity. CDK4/6 inhibitors are among the most potent drugs and display anti-tumor efficacy due to mutual exclusive dependency on CDK4 or CDK6. Chemogenetic interactor screens reveal a broad spectrum of G1 phase cell cycle regulators that differentially enable cell cycle progression and modulate response to CDK4/6 inhibition in ATRT cells. In this regard, we find that the ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor AMBRA1 acts as a context-specific inhibitor of cell cycle progression by regulating key components of mitosis including aurora kinases.

Conclusions
Our data provide a comprehensive resource of genetic and chemical dependencies in ATRTs, which will inform further preclinical evaluation of novel targeted therapies for this tumor entity. Furthermore, this study reveals a unique mechanism of cell cycle inhibition as the basis for tumor suppressive functions of AMBRA1.
Multi-domain analysis of ultra-short-term HRV for breathing pattern classification in wearable health devices
Authors: Arya Puneet , Singh Mandeep , Singh M. D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis research paper introduces an innovative approach to classify heart rate variability (HRV) time series into paced and spontaneous breathing patterns to reflect changes in the autonomic nervous system. This type of classification is beneficial in wearable devices for stress/relaxation level detection and in deciding therapeutic interventions. The “Multi-Domain Approach” methodology integrates three different techniques: standard HRV features, fuzzy recurrence plot (FRP)-based FRP_GLCM, and empirical mode decomposition-based IMF_FRP_GLCM. The study concentrates on analyzing HRV time series within shorter data segments, aligning with the requirements of contemporary wearable health devices and biofeedback systems. HRV data collected during spontaneous and slow-paced breathing were analyzed across data segments of 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 min, incorporating feature selection and reduction methods. Results demonstrated that standard HRV features yielded optimal performance for 5-min segments, achieving an average accuracy of 90%. Interestingly, IMF_FRP features achieved comparable accuracy even for 1-min segments. As segment duration decreased, standard HRV feature accuracy declined while IMF_FRP accuracy stayed intact, eventually matching 5-min segment accuracy levels. The study underscores the surging demand for shorter data segment HRV analysis, driven by advancements in wearable smart watches technology and mobile applications for monitoring health and managing stress.