bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods matter: your measures of explicit and implicit processes in visuomotor adaptation affect your results
Authors: Maresch Jana , Werner Susen , Donchin Opher 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVisuomotor rotations are frequently used to study the different processes underlying motor adaptation. Explicit aiming strategies and implicit recalibration are two of these processes. Various methods, which differ in their underlying assumptions, have been used to dissociate the two processes. Direct methods, such as verbal reports, assume explicit knowledge to be verbalizable, where indirect methods, such as the exclusion, assume that explicit knowledge is controllable. The goal of this study was thus to directly compare verbal reporting with exclusion in two different conditions: during consistent reporting and during intermittent reporting. Our results show that our two conditions lead to a dissociation between the measures. In the consistent reporting group, all measures showed similar results. However, in the intermittent reporting group, verbal reporting showed more explicit re-aiming and less implicit adaptation than exclusion. Curiously, when exclusion was measured again, after the end of learning, the differences were no longer apparent. We suspect this may reflect selective decay in implicit adaptation, as has been reported previously. All told, our results clearly indicate that methods of measurement can affect the amount of explicit re-aiming and implicit adaptation that is measured. Since it has been previously shown that both explicit re-aiming and implicit adaptation have multiple components, discrepancies between these different methods may arise because different measures reflect different components.
Taxonomically informed scoring enhances confidence in natural products annotation
Authors: Rutz Adriano , Dounoue-Kubo Miwa , Ollivier Simon , Bisson Jonathan , Bagheri Mohsen , Saesong Tongchai , Nejad Ebrahimi Samad , Ingkaninan Kornkanok , Wolfender Jean-Luc , Allard Pierre-Marie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMass spectrometry (MS) hyphenated to liquid chromatography (LC)-MS offers unrivalled sensitivity for metabolite profiling of complex biological matrices encountered in natural products (NP) research. With advanced platforms LC, MS/MS spectra are acquired in an untargeted manner on most detected features. This generates massive and complex sets of spectral data that provide valuable structural information on most analytes. To interpret such datasets, computational methods are mandatory. To this extent, computerized annotation of metabolites links spectral data to candidate structures. When profiling complex extracts spectra are often organized in clusters by similarity via Molecular Networking (MN). A spectral matching score is usually established between the acquired data and experimental or theoretical spectral databases (DB). The process leads to various candidate structures for each MS features. At this stage, obtaining high annotation confidence level remains a challenge notably due to the high chemodiversity of specialized metabolomes.The integration of additional information in a meta-score is a way to capture complementary experimental attributes and improve the annotation process. Here we show that integrating unambiguous taxonomic position of analyzed samples and candidate structures enhances confidence in metabolite annotation. A script is proposed to automatically input such information at various granularity levels (species, genus, and family) and weight the score obtained between experimental spectral data and output of available computational metabolite annotation tools (ISDB-DNP, MS-Finder, Sirius). In all cases, the consideration of the taxonomic distance allowed an efficient re-ranking of the candidate structures leading to a systematic enhancement of the recall and precision rates of the tools (1.5 to 7-fold increase in the F1 score). Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of considering taxonomic information in the process of specialized metabolites’ annotation. This requires to access structural data systematically documented with biological origin, both for new and previously reported NPs. In this respect, the establishment of an open structural DB of specialized metabolites and their associated metadata (particularly biological sources) is timely and critical for the NP research community.
Kv2.1 mediates spatial and functional coupling of L-type calcium channels and ryanodine receptors in neurons
Authors: Vierra Nicholas C. , Kirmiz Michael , van der List Deborah , Santana L. Fernando , Trimmer James S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe voltage-gated K+channel Kv2.1 serves a major structural role in the soma and proximal dendrites of brain neurons, tethering the plasma membrane (PM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although Kv2.1 clustering at neuronal ER-PM junctions (EPJs) is tightly regulated and conserved across species, its function at these sites is unclear. By identifying and evaluating proteins in close spatial proximity to Kv2.1-containing EPJs, we discovered that a significant role of Kv2.1 at EPJs is to promote the clustering and functional coupling of PM L-type Ca2+channels (LTCCs) to ryanodine receptor (RyR) ER Ca2+release channels. Kv2.1 clustering also unexpectedly enhanced LTCC opening at polarized membrane potentials. This enabled Kv2.1-LTCC-RyR triads to generate localized Ca2+release events (i.e., Ca2+sparks) independently of action potentials. Together, these findings uncover a novel mode of LTCC regulation and establish a unique mechanism whereby Kv2.1-associated EPJs provide a molecular platform for localized somatodendritic Ca2+signals.
Changing clinical trends in 10 000 robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy patients and impact of the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force's statement against PSA screening
Authors: Onol Fikret F. , P. Ganapathi Hariharan , Rogers Travis , Palmer Kenneth , Coughlin Geoff , Samavedi Srinivas , Coelho Rafael , Jenson Cathy , Sandri Marco , Rocco Bernardo , Patel Vipul 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical trend changes in our robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) practice and to investigate the effect of 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) statement against PSA screening on these trends.Patients and MethodsData of 10 000 RALPs performed by a single surgeon between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively analysed. Time trends in successive 1000 cases for clinical, surgical and pathological characteristics were analysed with linear and logistic regression. Time‐trend changes before and after the USPSTF's statement were compared using a logistic regression model and likelihood‐ratio test.ResultsUnfavourable cancer characteristics rate, including D'Amico high risk, pathological non‐organ‐confined disease and Gleason score ≥4+4 increased from 11.5% to 23.3%, 14% to 42.5%, and 7.7% to 20.9%, respectively, over time (all P < 0.001). Significant time‐trend changes were detected after the USPSTF's statement with an increase in the positive trend of Gleason ≥4+4 and increase in the negative trends of Gleason ≤3+4 tumours. There was a significant negative trend in the rate of full nerve‐sparing (NS) with a decrease from 59.3% to 35.7%, and a significant positive trend in partial NS with an increase from 15.8% to 62.5% over time (both P < 0.001). The time‐trend slope in ‘high‐grade’ partial NS significantly decreased and ‘low‐grade’ partial NS significantly increased after the USPSTF's statement. The overall positive surgical margin rate increased from 14.6% to 20.3% in the first vs last 1000 cases (P < 0.001), with a significant positive slope after the USPSTF's statement.ConclusionsThe proportion of high‐risk patients increased in our series over time with a significant impact of the USPSTF's statement on pathological time trends. This stage migration resulted in decreased utilisation of high‐quality NS and increased performance of poor‐quality NS.
Environmental Learning of Social Cues: Evidence From Enhanced Gaze Cueing in Deaf Children
Authors: Pavani Francesco , Venturini Marta , Baruffaldi Francesca , Caselli Maria Cristina , van Zoest Wieske 
Published: July 2019

The susceptibility to gaze cueing in deaf children aged 7–14 years old (N = 16) was tested using a nonlinguistic task. Participants performed a peripheral shape‐discrimination task, whereas uninformative central gaze cues validly or invalidly cued the location of the target. To assess the role of sign language experience and bilingualism in deaf participants, three groups of age‐matched hearing children were recruited: bimodal bilinguals (vocal and sign‐language, N = 19), unimodal bilinguals (two vocal languages, N = 17), and monolinguals (N = 14). Although all groups showed a gaze‐cueing effect and were faster to respond to validly than invalidly cued targets, this effect was twice as large in deaf participants. This result shows that atypical sensory experience can tune the saliency of a fundamental social cue.
Risk of ischaemic stroke in thyrotoxic atrial fibrillation
Authors: Chen Zhih‐Cherng , Wu Nan‐Chun , Chang Chia‐Li , Ho Chung‐Han , Liao Chia‐Te , Chiang Chun‐Yen , Chang Wei‐Ting 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac complication of thyrotoxicosis and is strongly implicated in thromboembolic events. However, the incidence of stroke in thyrotoxic AF remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the risks of mortality and ischaemic stroke between patients with thyrotoxic AF and nonthyrotoxic AF.Designs and MethodsFrom Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, 1868 patients with the concomitant diagnoses of AF and thyrotoxicosis identified between 2001 and 2010 were compared to 7472 patients with nonthyrotoxic AF using propensity score matching for age, sex and comorbidities.ResultsThere was no significant difference in either CHA2DS2‐VASc score or anticoagulant usage between the groups. Alternatively, the thyrotoxic group contained more β‐blocker/digoxin users, whereas the nonthyrotoxic group contained more statin users. Patients with thyrotoxic AF exhibited lower risks of all‐cause mortality (HR: 0.66, CI: 0.59‐0.73, P < .0001) and ischaemic stroke (HR: 0.73, CI: 0.64‐0.84, P < .0001) than those with nonthyrotoxic AF, especially thyrotoxic patients with CHA2DS2‐VASc scores ≥1. Comorbidities, including diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and coronary artery disease, contributed to all‐cause mortality in patients with nonthyrotoxic AF; however, this effect was diminished in thyrotoxic AF.ConclusionsPatients with thyrotoxicosis and AF have a lower risk of stroke than patients with nonthyrotoxic AF. Treatment for thyrotoxicosis is also crucial as the prescription of anticoagulants based on CHA2DS2‐VASc scores.
Effect of OSAS on cerebral vasoreactivity and cIMT before and after CPAP treatment
Authors: Piraino Alessio , Sette Giuliano , D'Ascanio Michela , La Starza Sara , Aquilini Mauro , Ricci Alberto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been shown to be an important risk factor for ischaemic cerebral disease. Specific Doppler parameters may be used to measure cerebral vascular dynamics opening the door to new markers/predictors of risk. The objective of our study was to shed light on how the treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may have an impact on these parameters and, consequently, lower the risk of cerebral ischemic events in these patients.MethodsA total of 40 untreated patients diagnosed with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea were submitted to a comprehensive ultrasonographic transcranial Doppler evaluation. The parameters measured were: Breath holding index (BHI), mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) and pulsatility index in middle cerebral artery. Colour Doppler ultrasound was also used to measure carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT). These parameters were compared before and after CPAP treatment.ResultsAfter CPAP treatment, MBFV and BHI were shown to be increased (without statistical significance), while cIMT and polysomnographic parameters were significantly decreased.ConclusionThe improvement of cerebral vasoreactivity parameters and cIMT after long‐term CPAP treatment suggest that treatment of OSA may influence the cerebral vascular regulation and consequently reduce the risk of stroke.
Rural to urban migration contributes to the high burden of asthma in the urban area
Authors: Ponte Eduardo Vieira , Lima Aline , Almeida Paula Cristina Andrade , de Jesus Juliana Pires Viana , Souza‐Machado Adelmir , Barreto Maurício Lima , Cruz Álvaro A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionIt is unknown whether rural‐urban migration contributes to worse the burden of asthma in the cities.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether subjects with asthma that migrated from rural areas to a large urban center in Brazil have more severe disease than asthmatic subjects that was born and always lived in the urban area.MethodsThis is a case‐control study. We enrolled two groups of subjects with asthma currently living in a large urban center in Brazil: 486 subjects with moderate‐severe asthma and 432 subjects with mild asthma.ResultsRural‐urban migrants had higher odds of moderate‐severe asthma [adjusted OR 1.57, 95% CI (1.18‐2.01)] and uncontrolled symptoms of asthma [adjusted OR 1.80, 95% CI (1.16‐2.76)] than urban‐born subjects.ConclusionsRural‐urban migrants in Brazil have more severe asthma than urban‐born subjects. Our results suggest that rural‐urban migration is associated with the high burden of asthma in the urban area.
Diagnosing Kikuchi's disease on fine needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Wang Miao , Yu Xiaomeng , Yang Yan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic utility of fine needle aspiration (FNA) smear, cell block (CB), flow cytometry (FC) and tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (Tb‐PCR) analysis for Kikuchi's disease (KD).MethodsA total of 173 FNA biopsy samples were collected using a Youyi aspirator. KD was diagnosed by FNA smear, with or without, CB, FC and Tb‐PCR.ResultsOut of 173 patients, 131 (75.7%) were female and 126 (72.8%) aged 21‐40 years. Of these, 171 patients (98.8%) presented with painful enlarged cervical lymph nodes. All cytological samples identified intracellular apoptotic debris embedded in the cytoplasm of crescentic and phagocytic macrophages. In 24 cell‐blocks (CBs), clusters of CD123 positive plasmacytoid monocytes were observed in KD. FC and CBs showed non‐specific lymphoid hyperplasia in nine cases with suspicious lymphoma. Tb‐PCR was negative in five cases with suspicion of tuberculosis.ConclusionsIn summary, FNA biopsy is a fast, reliable, and relatively inexpensive diagnosis tool for KD. CB preparation is an important adjunct method for the diagnosis of KD.
How older people enact care involvement during transition from hospital to home: A systematic review and model
Authors: Murray Jenni , Hardicre Natasha , Birks Yvonne , O’Hara Jane , Lawton Rebecca 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrent models of patient‐enacted involvement do not capture the nuanced dynamic and interactional nature of involvement in care. This is important for the development of flexible interventions that can support patients to ‘reach‐in’ to complex health‐care systems.ObjectiveTo develop a dynamic and interactional model of patient‐enacted involvement in care.Search strategyElectronic search strategy run in five databases and adapted to run in an Internet search engine supplemented with searching of reference lists and forward citations.Inclusion criteriaQualitative empirical published reports of older people's experiences of care transitions from hospital to home.Data extraction and synthesisReported findings meeting our definition of involvement in care initially coded into an existing framework. Progression from deductive to inductive coding leads to the development of a new framework and thereafter a model representing changing states of involvement.Main resultsPatients and caregivers occupy and move through multiple states of involvement in response to perceived interactions with health‐care professionals as they attempt to resolve health‐ and well‐being‐related goals. ‘Non‐involvement’, ‘information‐acting’, ‘challenging and chasing’ and ‘autonomous‐acting’ were the main states of involvement. Feeling uninvolved as a consequence of perceived exclusion leads patients to act autonomously, creating the potential to cause harm.Discussion and conclusionThe model suggests that involvement is highly challenging for older people during care transitions. Going forward, interventions which seek to support patient involvement should attempt to address the dynamic states of involvement and their mediating factors.
Quality of life in patients aged 65 years and older with overactive bladder treated with mirabegron across eight European countries: Secondary analysis of BELIEVE
Authors: Foley Stephen , Choudhury Nurul , Huang Moses , Stari Anny , Nazir Jameel , Freeman Robert 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe quality of life outcomes in patients with overactive bladder aged ≥65 years receiving mirabegron, a β3‐adrenoreceptor agonist (BELIEVE).MethodsBELIEVE was a European, prospective, non‐interventional, real‐world study of 848 patients with overactive bladder prescribed mirabegron in clinical practice. Overactive bladder questionnaire subscales were prespecified primary end‐points, analyzed in the full analysis set (patients completing the questionnaire at baseline and ≥1 follow‐up visit) and per protocol set (patients still taking mirabegron at 10–12 months) using accepted standards for minimally important differences (10 points).ResultsNearly half of the patients in the full analysis set (380/796 [47.7%]) and per protocol set (224/452 [49.6%]) were aged ≥65 years. Similar proportions of patients aged ≥65 years (224/407; 55.0%) and <65 years (228/441; 51.7%) were taking mirabegron at 10–12 months. Mean symptom bother scores improved from baseline to month 10–12 in older patients (full analysis set 52.4 to 32.9; per protocol set 51.6 to 30.4) and younger patients (full analysis set 52.2 to 27.4; per protocol set 47.8 to 23.7). Proportions of older/younger patients with improvement in symptom bother were similar (full analysis set 52.1%/52.9%; per protocol set 70.1%/72.4%, respectively). Mean total quality of life scores improved in older patients (full analysis set 60.7–75.9; per protocol set 61.1–77.5) and younger patients (full analysis set 54.9 to 77.6; per protocol set 56.8 to 80.1). No unexpected safety issues were observed.ConclusionsPatients aged ≥65 years receiving mirabegron in clinical practice reported clinically meaningful improvements in quality of life.
Pressureless low temperature sintering of nanocrystalline zirconia ceramics via dry powder processing
Authors: Drazin John W. , Wollmershauser James A. , Ryou Heonjune , Wolak Mason A. , Gorzkowski Edward P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPressureless sintering approaches provide a simple avenue to manufacture dense ceramic parts with minimal processing equipment, but current pressureless sintering techniques have yet to demonstrate capabilities of producing dense ceramics while maintaining sub‐50 nm grain sizes. Nanocrystalline yttria stablized zirconia ceramics were process from 4 mol% yttria stablized zirconia (4YSZ) nanopowders with a crystallite size of 7.5 nm using dry cold isostatic pressing (CIP) where powders are dried immediately prior to green compact formation and CIP vacuum bagging. It is shown that CIP pressures >75 000 psi (517 MPa) effectively remove pores larger than 100 nm and that pressureless sintering occurs at reduced temperatures for green densities ≥50%. Though the sintering kinetics are shown to be similar to other zirconia nanopowder sintering studies, the small initial crystallize size and reduced sintering temperature allowed densities as high as 97.2%, while retaining a ceramic grain size at or below 40 nm. Produced nanocrystalline 4YSZ ceramics with a grain size of 30.3 nm and a density of 96.3% had Vicker's hardnesses as high as 14.2 GPa and Vicker's indentation fracture resistance of 3.43 MPa·, demonstrating that simple processing approaches can be refined to fabricate nanocrystalline ceramics while maintaining high hardness and indentation fracture resistance.
Fabrication, microstructure, and optical properties of Yb:Y3ScAl4O12 transparent ceramics with different doping levels
Authors: Feng Yagang , Toci Guido , Pirri Angela , Patrizi Barbara , Hu Zewang , Wei Jiabei , Pan Hongming , Zhang Xing , Li Xiaoying , Su Sha , Vannini Matteo , Li Jiang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTransparent Yb:Y3ScAl4O12 (Yb:YSAG) ceramics with different ytterbium doping concentrations such as 5, 10, 15, 20 at.% have been successfully fabricated by solid‐state reactive sintering. All the obtained ceramics are in dense and homogeneous structure after sintering at 1820°C for 30 hours and with a posttreatment by hot isostatic pressing at 1750°C for 3 hours with 200 MPa pressure. We systematically analyzed the influence of Yb3+ doping concentration on the microstructure and optical properties of the ceramics. The 10 at.% Yb:Y3ScAl4O12 ceramics with a thickness of 3.2 mm show the best transparency as high as 80.9% at 1100 nm. The laser emission of the 10 at.% Yb:YSAG ceramics was tested, resulting in a maximum slope efficiency of 67.6% and a maximum output power of 11.3 W under quasi‐continuous wave pump conditions. The tuning range spanned from 990 to 1071 nm.
The mobilizing and protective role of national identification in normative and non‐normative collective action
Authors: Stathi Sofia , Vezzali Loris , Waldzus Sven , Hantzi Alexandra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the context of the financial crisis in Europe and drawing on social identity and perceived disadvantage literature, this research explored national identification, perceived prejudice, perceived ostracism, and anger as predictors of intentions to engage in normative collective action and support for non‐normative and destructive action. Correlational data were collected in Greece (N = 218), Portugal (N = 312), and Italy (N = 211) during the financial crisis that affected several European countries in the early 2010s. Hierarchical regressions showed that national identification, above and beyond all other variables, positively predicted normative collective action intentions, and negatively predicted support for non‐normative action. That is, people who were identified more strong with their national identity were more likely to report that they will engage in collective action to enhance the position of their (national) in‐group, and less likely to support destructive collective action. Mediation analyses revealed that in the case of Portugal and Italy, national identification associated negatively with anger, while anger positively predicted normative collective action. The findings of this research point to the importance of national identification as a factor, that, on the one hand motivates people's mobilization toward supporting the rights of the ingroup but on the other hand impedes the more negative and destructive side of collective action. The contextual and instrumental role of national identity in contexts of threat is discussed.