bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnosis of metastatic uveal melanoma. What has changed during 10 years?
Authors: Grishina E. E. , Stepanova E. A. , Bogatyrev A. M. 
Published: October 2019

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy. Despite significant progress in the treatment of the primary tumor, uveal melanoma continues to be the most aggressive tumor due to its high potential for hematogenous metastatic spread. Uveal melanoma metastases are located mostly in the liver. Overall survival of patients with liver metastases is 4 to 15 months. There is no adjuvant systemic therapy to prevent metastases of uveal melanoma. In this paper, we aim to analyze achievement in diagnosis of metastatic uveal melanoma made during the last 10 years and to show advantages and disadvantages of the main diagnostic methods. The last years showed the emergence of understanding the differences between skin and uveal melanoma based on different molecular genetic abnormalities and different signaling pathways of these tumors. The success of target treatments for skin melanoma is not applicable to uveal melanoma. Skin and uveal melanoma responds differently to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Insufficient efficacy of systemic chemotherapy, immune and target therapy has made it necessary to develop techniques of local chemoembolization and radioembolization of uveal melanoma metastases. At present, there are no available assessment algorithms for the management of patients with uveal melanoma and suspected metastases. Ultrasonography, if seen as available techniques for radiology diagnostics, should be enhanced either by the intravenous contrast, or by qualifying computed tomography. The use of positron emission tomography / computed tomography has not demonstrated the maximal diagnostic value in identification of liver metastases, and, taken into account its high costs, low availability, and large radiation dose, it cannot be considered as a feasible method for every 6 months' application. The most effective diagnostic method is magnetic resonance imaging with the liver-specific contrast agents, due to the possibility to detect metastases of less than 1 cm in diameter. However, this technique has not been widely accepted clinically due to high costs, contraindications and a big proportion of false positive results. Current armamentarium of radiation techniques that could be potentially applicable for visualization of hepatic focal abnormalities is rather impressive and is being continuously updated; however, the problem of the metastatic uveal melanoma diagnosis remains unsolved.
Direitos Humanos e o acesso à maconha medicinal para fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos pelo SUS: um estudo de caso da Ação Civil Pública nº 0802271-83.2015.4.05.8200
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Lopes , Ribeiro Luziana Ramalho 
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo analisa a judicialização do direito ao acesso à maconha medicinal a partir de ações judiciais que visam o fornecimento de medicamentos à base de maconha pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Trata-se, portanto de uma pesquisa sociojurídica qualitativa de base documental analisada sob o viés foucaultiano da análise de discurso. Como estratégia de pesquisa utilizamos um estudo de caso de uma emblemática Ação Civil Pública proposta pelo Ministério Público Federal da Paraíba. Nosso objetivo foi explorar as possibilidades e os limites da efetivação dos direitos humanos de pacientes que demandam o uso de maconha medicinal frente a tal forma de judicalização deste acesso. Trabalhamos a hipótese de que tal ação se mostra ainda a mercê de grande insegurança jurídica. Ao final, realizamos a contextualização de tal ação dentro de uma problematização maior de judicalização do direito ao acesso à maconha medicinal a partir de uma crítica aos entraves legais que permeiam o acesso à maconha medicinal no Brasil.
DIAGRAMA DE ISHIKAWA E JANELA DO CLIENTE: CONSULTORIA PARA UMA EMPRESA PRESTADORA DE SERVIÇOS
Authors: Piñol Susana , Esmeraldino Amanda , Klaus Kauany , Severo Luiza , Silva Sarah Isabele Hoeft da 
Published: October 2019

Diversas empresas costumam contratar serviços de consultoria a fim de melhorarem seus processos. Como prática extensionista, este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma proposta de ações de ensino associada à extensão. Os alunos do Curso de Administração Integrado ao Ensino Médio, ao cursarem o componente gestão de Serviços no primeiro ano do curso, realizaram consultorias gratuitas junto à comunidade empresarial sob orientação do professor/pesquisador.Nesta atividade em que o aluno ganha com a prática e a empresa ganha com informações relevantes que aprimoram sua gestão aloja-se este artigo que relata a aplicação de duas ferramentas em uma empresa que presta serviços de marcenaria em São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina.Ao longo desta experiência, os alunos puderam constatar que para uma empresa se destacar no mercado ela precisa de tempo e também de muita dedicação por parte de todos que estão envolvidos. E que somente isso não é o bastante, é necessário toda uma organização estruturada para alcançar uma meta.Como objetivo geral este artigo se propõe a aplicar as ferramentas Janela do Cliente e Diagrama de Ishikawa junto a uma prestadora de serviços de marcenaria. Para atender o objetivo geral, estabeleceu-se como objetivos específicos: identificar as características da empresa foco deste estudo, aplicar a ferramenta Janela do Cliente e aplicar a ferramenta Diagrama de Ishikawa e, se for o caso, propor melhorias.
PADRÕES DE BELEZA: OS EFEITOS DA MÍDIA NOS JOVENS
Authors: Piñol Susana , Esmeraldino Amanda da Silva , Klaus Kauany Raissa , Estrazulas Luiza Severo , Silva Sarah Isabele Hoeft da 
Published: October 2019

Os padrões estéticos mudam de uma cultura para outra. Desde os tempos antigos existe um padrão que as pessoas consideram atraente e que vai mudando com o passar dos anos. (MALDONADO, 2006, p. 61)Na opinião do site portal da juventude (2017), o conceito de belo e de beleza é muito subjetivo. Ele varia de pessoa para pessoa e, também, de época para época. Aquilo que é desagradável para um pode ser altamente sedutor e encantador para outro. Conforme relata Damasceno et al. (2006) apud Frois et al.(2011, p.73), a insatisfação com a imagem corporal aumenta na medida em que a mídia expõe belos corpos, um fato que nas últimas décadas têm impulsionado a busca pelo corpo ideal.Para o site Adolescência e Saúde (2010), embora a identidade de um indivíduo seja estruturada ao longo da vida, é durante a adolescência que diversas características, como sexualidade, crenças, desejos e objetivos de vida, se exteriorizam maisintensamente. A maneira como o adolescente percebe seu corpo é condição fundamental na formação de sua identidade. Segundo o site Portal do Professor (2010), a grandeinsatisfação com o corpo tem levado um número crescente de jovens (mulheres e homens) a desenvolverem transtornos alimentares que podem em casos extremos, gerar um quadro de anorexia nervosa.O tema deste trabalho foi escolhido no intuito de verificar por que os padrões de beleza impostos pela mídia causam tantos conflitos em relação à imagem corporal do adolescente. Pretende-se apurar os motivos que levam muitos adolescentes a se importarem tanto em mudar o seu corpo devido a estes padrões observados nas mídias.Para tanto estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral verificar os padrões de beleza veiculados pela mídia e o quanto eles que interferem no comportamento dos adolescentes durante oprocesso de formação da sua opinião sobre si e o meio em que vive. Como objetivos específicos formulou-se: a) averiguar como o adolescente elabora uma opinião sobre seu corpo em relação aos padrões impostos pela mídia e a de um grupo em que ele convive; b) conhecer os meios de mídia que mais interferem nospadrões de beleza entre os adolescentes e c) analisar os efeitos das influências da mídia no comportamento do adolescente.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Cotton Leaves in Response to Cotton Aphid Attack
Authors: Zhang Jianmin , Zhong Xiao , Feng Pei , Ma Qiqi , Su Qi , phD Xiangping , Yang Yazhen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Main conclusion The molecular mechanism of the interaction between cotton and cotton aphids remains unclear currently. The RNA-Seq study of cotton leaves was performed in response to cotton aphid damage at different time points. The transcriptome analysis revealed that a lot of cotton gene transcripts were regulated by cotton aphid damage. Cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) are regarded as one of the most harmful insect pests for cotton production. They are usually capable of causing severe yield loss through sucking cotton liquids, secreting honeydews and transmitting plant viral diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of the interaction between cotton and cotton aphids remains unclear currently. Therefore, the RNA-Seq study of cotton leaves was performed in response to cotton aphid damage at different time points (0 h,6 h,12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h). A total of 9, 103 new genes were identified, and 7, 510 of them were annotated functionally. Based on the comparison results, the gene expression was analyzed according to the expression amount of genes in different samples. 24,793 differentially expressed genes were authenticate in all and their functional annotation and enrichment analysis were conducted. Compared with 0 h (without aphid damage, CK), the amount of down-regulated DEGs was largely more than that of the up-regulated genes at different time points under cotton aphid attack except for 48h. As revealed by the functional annotation of DEGs, these genes were involved in all kinds of plant biological process, including various resistance to abiotic and biotic stress, hormone metabolism, signaling transduction and transcriptional regulation. These results established a firm foundation for the study of the molecular mechanism of the interaction between cotton and cotton aphids and would facilitate the development of plant aphid resistant cultivars.
Efficacy and safety of prophylactic use of ketamine for prevention of postanesthetic shivering: A system review and meta analysis
Authors: Zhou Yang , Mannan Abdul , Han Yuan , Liu He , Guan Hui-Lian , Gao Xing , Dai Ming-Sheng , Cao Junli 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Postanesthetic shivering is a common complication of anesthesia, which accounts for much discomfort in postoperative patients and may increase postoperative complications in high-risk patients. Due to the lack of high-quality evidence, it is difficult to draw a conclusion about optimal anti-shivering medication. The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to analyze and evaluate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic use of ketamine for preventing postanesthetic shivering.
Methods
We used a systematic approach, also known as meta-analysis, to further address postoperative shivering. We searched the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails for randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome observed was the incidence rate of postanesthetic shivering. The secondary outcomes were the sedation score and incidence of the side effects caused by drugs utilized in the studies.
Results
In this meta-analysis, we analyzed a total of 16 trials including 1485 patients. Ketamine reduced the incidence rate of postanesthetic shivering compared to a placebo (odds ratio [OR]: 0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06 to 0.26, P＜0.01). Regarding side effects, there was no evident variability of the incidence of nausea and vomiting. Usage of ketamine was associated with a lower rate of hypotension and bradycardia when compared to a placebo. Hallucinations were more frequently observed in patients who received higher doses of ketamine. No significant difference was found in the incidence of postanesthetic shivering with ketamine versus other pharmacological interventions.
Conclusions
Ketamine can prevent postanesthetic shivering without severe side effects. However, ketamine shows no advantage over other anti-shivering drugs.
Working Well: Strategies to Strengthen the Workforce of the Indigenous Primary Healthcare Sector
Authors: Jongen Crystal , McCalman Janya , Campbell Sandy , Fagan Ruth 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

The capacity of the Indigenous primary healthcare (PHC) sector to continue playing a crucial role in meeting the health needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians is in large part reliant on the skills, motivation and experience of its workforce. While exhibiting many workforce strengths, the sector faces significant challenges in building and maintaining a strong and stable workforce. Drawing on data from one Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS), this study reports what is working well and what could be improved to strengthen the Indigenous PHC sector workforce.Methods

Using grounded theory methods, interviews with 17 ACCHS staff from a range of organisational positions were transcribed, coded and analysed. This paper focuses on the strategies identified that contribute towards strengthening the Indigenous PHC workforce.Results

Four overarching strategies for Indigenous PHC workforce strengthening were identified. These were Strengthening Workforce Stability, Having Strong Leadership, Growing Capacity, and Working Well Together . A range of enabling factors at the macro, community, organisational and individual levels were also identified.Conclusion

Indigenous PHC services are already implementing many important workforce-development strategies that are having a positive impact on the sector. There are also several persistent challenges which need to be addressed through action at organisational and structural levels. Approaches to workforce strengthening in Indigenous PHC should be tailored to local needs to ensure they address the unique workforce challenges experienced in different contexts.
Burden of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis on Workers in the US: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Survey Data
Authors: Nicholas Jacqueline , Electricwala Batul , Lee Lulu K. , Johnson Kristen M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is prevalent among working age individuals (20-60 years), leading to high burden on work productivity. Few data are available about the absenteeism and presenteeism in employed individuals with MS in comparison to non-MS personnel. This study aimed to quantify the burden of illness of employed US adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and examine burden by levels of work impairment.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using patient-reported responses from the US National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS). Data from NHWS 2015-2016 were analyzed from 196 employed RRMS respondents who were matched 1:4 to employed respondents without MS based on demographic and general health characteristics. Demographic and general health characteristics for employed RRMS individuals were analyzed by levels of work impairment (none, 1-30%; 31-68%; 69-100%). Work productivity (absenteeism, presenteeism, and work impairment), decrements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (short form-36, EQ-5D), and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) were compared to determine the burden of RRMS.
Results: After propensity score matching, the levels of absenteeism and presenteeism were 2 and 1.8 times higher in the employed RRMS population than the employed non-MS population, respectively (P<0.001 for both). HRQoL was significantly lower in employed respondents with RRMS than those without MS (P<0.001 for all). Employed respondents with RRMS had significantly more HCRU over 6 months compared to those without MS (P<0.001). Furthermore, among employed RRMS respondents, greater levels of impairment were associated with increasing disease severity, greater healthcare resource use, fatigue, and cognitive impairment and inversely associated with mental and physical HRQoL (P<0.0001 for all).
Conclusions: Among employed individuals, respondents with RRMS had lower, work productivity, HRQoL, and higher HCRU as compared with those without MS. Given the large impact RRMS has on work impairment, a need exists to manage individuals on therapies that improve HRQoL, reduce symptoms, and improve their ability to perform in the workforce.
Keywords: Absenteeism, presenteeism, healthcare resource utilization, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, work impairment.
Comparison of bilateral versus unilateral total knee replacement on pain levels and functional recovery
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H , Iqbal Zaheen A , Anwer Shahnawaz , Anwar Dilshad 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common operative procedure to improve pain, function, and quality of life in patients with severe grade knee osteoarthritis. The current study aimed to compare bilateral versus unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) on pain intensity and recovery of function.Methods: A total of 80 patients (bilateral 50, unilateral 30) aged 63.28 (9.4) years undergone TKR participated in the current study. The participants were admitted for 5-7 days in the hospital. Participants in both the group received similar inpatient and outpatient physiotherapy sessions. Pain intensity and function capacity were assessed at baseline, day 7, and day 30 postoperatively using visual analogue scale (VAS) and lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: Both the group showed a significant reduction of pain intensity and improvement in the functional capacity following TKR at 30 days post-operatively (p<0.001). However, there was a non-significant difference noted between bilateral versus unilateral TKR on the reduction of pain intensity and improvement in the functional capacity at 30 days postoperatively (p>0.05).Conclusion: Bilateral TKR was associated with a similar reduction of pain intensity and recovery of function compared to unilateral TKR, suggesting the use of Bilateral TKR in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis to reduce costs and co-morbidity related to staged bilateral TKR.
Associations of Mitochondrial DNA 3777-4679 region mutations with maternally inherited essential hypertensive subjects in China.
Authors: Zhu Ye , You Jia , Xu Chao , Gu Xiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Nuclear genome or family mitochondrial screening system has become the hot focus of studies into essential hypertension. The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in sporadic Chinese patients with hypertension has not been fully understood. The study was to evaluate the associations of mtDNA mutations with maternally inherited essential hypertensive (MIEH) subjects in China. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2016, a total of 800 gender-matched Chinese patients with maternally inherited essential hypertension (MIEH) and control group were 1:1 enrolled in this case-control study. Genomic DNA was extracted from each person's peripheral blood cells. The main mtDNA locations for MIEH were screened with oligodeoxynucleotides 3777-4679bp, analyzed and compared with the updated consensus Cambridge Sequence. Pathogenic mtDNA mutations were identified from the mitochondrial map. Results: MIEH subjects presented significantly higher values than those of control group in abdominal circumference(AC), waist circumference(WC), body mass index(BMI), fasting blood glucose(FBG), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and renal function ( P <0.05). MIEH subjects carried more amino acid changes and coding sequence variants ( P <0.01) than control group. The allele frequencies of the eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were significantly different between the two groups, including C3970T, G4048A, C4071T, C4086T, A4164G and T4248C in ND1 gene, and T4386C and C4394T in tRNA Gln gene( P <0.001). Fifty-five homoplasmic or heteroplasmic mutations were detected in 5 genes: ND1, tRNA Ile , tRNA Met , tRNA Gln and ND2 gene. The ND1 gene was the main mutation site, where the most mtDNA mutation was C3970T. Conclusions: The results convincingly proved that mtDNA mutations were involved in the process of MIEH. We identified mitochondrial genetic characteristics in MIEH patients in China. The present research serves as a solid foundation for further detailed research on the association between MIEH and mitochondrial dysfunction, and their causal relationship in Chinese and other populations with a similar lifestyle.
Exploring the Roles of Fecundity-related mRNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs in the Adrenal Glands of Small-tailed Han Sheep
Authors: Xia Qing , Li Qiuling , Gan Shangquan , Guo Xiaofei , Zhang Xiaosheng , Zhang Jinlong , Chu Mingxing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play important roles in uterine and ovarian functions. However, little researches have been done on the role of lncRNAs in the adrenal gland of sheep. Herein, RNA sequencing was used to compare and analyze gene expressions in adrenal tissues between FecB ++ (WW) and FecB BB (MM) sheep in the follicular and luteal phases and key lncRNAs and genes associated with reproduction were identified.Results In MM sheep, 38 lncRNAs and 545 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the adrenal gland between the luteal and follicular phases; In WW sheep, 30 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 210 mRNAs were identified. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that differentially expressed lncRNAs and their target genes are mainly involved in the circadian rhythm, the mitogen activated protein kinase, thyroid, ovarian steroidogenesis and transforming growth factor beta signaling pathways. Key lncRNAs can regulate reproduction by modulating genes involved in these signaling pathways and biological processes. Specifically, XLOC_254761 , XLOC_357966 , 105614839 and XLOC_212877 targeting CREB1 , PER3 , SMAD1 and TGFBR2 , respectively, appear to play key regulatory roles.Conclusion These results broaden our understanding of lncRNAs in adrenal gland of sheep and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep reproduction.