bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State‐of‐the‐art remote characterization of shallow marine sediments: the road to a fully integrated solution
Authors: Vardy Mark E. , Vanneste Maarten , Henstock Timothy J. , Clare Michael A. , Forsberg Carl Fredrik , Provenzano Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTCurrent methods for characterizing near‐surface marine sediments rely on extensive coring/pene‐trometer testing and correlation to seismic facies. Little quantitative information is regularly derived from geophysical data beyond qualitative inferences of sediment characteristics based on seismic facies architecture. Even these fundamental seismostratigraphic interpretations can be difficult to correlate with lithostratigraphic data due to inaccuracies in the time‐to‐depth conversion of geophysical data and potential loss and/or compression of high‐porosity and under‐consolidated sea‐floor material during direct sampling. To complicate matters further, when quantitative information is derived from marine geophysical data, it often describes the sediments using terminology (e.g., acoustic impedance and seismic quality factor) that is impenetrable to geologists and engineers. In contrast, for hydrocarbon prospecting, reservoir characterization using quantitative inversion of geophysical data has developed enormously over the past 20 years or more. Impedance and amplitude‐versus‐angle inversion techniques are now commonplace, whereas computationally expensive waveform inversions are gaining traction, and there is a well‐developed interface between these geophysical and reservoir engineering fields via rock physics.In this paper, we collate and review the different published inversion methods for high‐resolution geophysical data. Using several case study examples spanning a broad range of depositional environments, we assess the current state of the art in remote characterization of shallow sediments from a multidisciplinary viewpoint, encompassing geophysical, geological, and geotechnical angles. By identifying the key parameters used to characterize the subsurface, a framework is developed whereby geological, geotechnical, and geophysical characterizations of the subsurface can be related in a less subjective manner. As part of this, we examine the sensitivity of commonly derived acoustic properties (e.g., acoustic impedance and seismic quality factor) to more fundamentally important soil properties (e.g., lithology, pore pressure, gas saturation, and undrained shear strength), thereby facilitating better integration between geological, geotechnical, and geophysical data for improved mapping of sediment properties. Ultimately, we present a number of ideas for future research activities in this field.
Comparison of stabiliser functions for surface NMR inversions
Authors: Grombacher Denys , Fiandaca Gianluca , Behroozmand Ahmad A. , Auken Esben 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTSurface nuclear magnetic resonance is a geophysical technique providing non‐invasive aquifer characterization. Two approaches are commonly used to invert surface nuclear magnetic resonance data: (1) inversions involving many depth layers of fixed thickness and (2) few‐layer inversions without predetermined layer thicknesses. The advantage of the many‐layer approach is that it requires little a priori knowledge. However, the many‐layer inversion is extremely ill‐posed and regularisation must be used to produce a reliable result. For optimal performance, the selected regularisation scheme must reflect all available a priori information. The standard regularisation scheme for many‐layer surface nuclear magnetic resonance inversions employs an L2 smoothness stabiliser, which results in subsurface models with smoothly varying parameters. Such a stabiliser struggles to reproduce sharp contrasts in subsurface properties, like those present in a layered subsurface (a common near‐surface hydrogeological environment). To investigate if alternative stabilisers can be used to improve the performance of the many‐layer inversion in layered environments, the performance of the standard smoothness stabiliser is compared against two alternative stabilisers: (1) a stabiliser employing the L1‐norm and (2) a minimum gradient support stabiliser. Synthetic results are presented to compare the performance of the many‐layer inversion for different stabiliser functions. The minimum gradient support stabiliser is observed to improve the performance of the many‐layer inversion for a layered subsurface, being able to reproduce both smooth and sharp vertical variations of the model parameters. Implementation of the alternative stabilisers into existing surface nuclear magnetic resonance inversion software is straightforward and requires little modification to existing codes.
GPR data reconstruction method based on compressive sensing and K‐SVD
Authors: Xu Juncai , Shen Zhenzhong , Tian Zhenhong 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTMissing and irregular ground‐penetrating radar trace data resulting from sampling conditions are important issues in engineering. This study adopted compressive sensing theory to reconstruct missing ground‐penetrating radar trace data. A ground‐penetrating radar data reconstruction method was established based on compressive sensing theory and K‐singular value decomposition. The method used the sampling matrix of the missing data as the measurement matrix and the K‐singular value decomposition algorithm to obtain a complete dictionary of sparse coefficients. A traditional dictionary cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the data features; the proposed method resolved this problem. The iteratively reweighted least‐squares method was used to reconstruct the missing trace data. Two experiments on the recovery of missing ground‐penetrating radar data through a simulation and a field example were conducted to test the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Studies of parameter correlations in surface NMR using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method
Authors: Andersen Kristoffer R. , Wan Ling , Grombacher Denys , Lin Tingting , Auken Esben 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTSurface nuclear magnetic resonance is a technique capable of providing insight into subsurface aquifer properties. To produce estimates of aquifer properties (such as the spatial distribution of water content and parameters controlling the duration of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal), an inversion is required. Essential to the reliable interpretation of the estimated subsurface models is an understanding of the uncertainty and correlation between the parameters in the estimated models. To quantify parameter uncertainty and correlation in the surface nuclear magnetic resonance inversion, a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach is demonstrated. Markov chain Monte Carlo approaches have been previously employed to invert surface nuclear magnetic resonance data, but the primary focus has been on quantifying parameter uncertainty. The focus of this paper is to further investigate whether the parameters in the estimated models exhibit correlation with one another; equally important to building a reliable interpretation of the subsurface is an understanding of the parameter uncertainty. The utility of the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach is demonstrated through the investigation of three questions. The first question investigates whether the parameters describing the water content and thickness of a layer exhibit a strong correlation. This question stems from applying concepts known to electromagnetic surveys (that the layer thickness and layer resistivity parameters are strongly correlated) to the surface nuclear magnetic resonance inversion. A water content–layer thickness correlation in surface nuclear magnetic resonance would not have large effects for quantifying total water content but would affect the ability to identify layer boundaries. The second question examines whether the parameter controlling the duration of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal exhibits a correlation with the water content and layer thickness parameters. The resolution of surface nuclear magnetic resonance typically does not consider the duration of the signal and focuses primarily on the distribution of current amplitudes that form the suite of transmit pulses. It is common to treat regions with short‐duration signal with greater uncertainty, but it is important to understand whether the signal duration controls resolution for medium to long duration signals as well. The third question explores if the parameter uncertainty produced by the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach is consistent with that produced by an alternative approach based upon the posterior covariance matrix (for the linearised inversion). The ability of the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach to more thoroughly explore the model space provides a means to improve the reliability of surface nuclear magnetic resonance aquifer characterisations by quantifying parameter uncertainty and correlation.
Interpolating GPR data using anti‐alias singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method
Authors: Martins Saulo S. , Travassos Jandyr M. , Sacchi Mauricio D. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTGround Penetrating Radar data are often acquired along profiles employing bistatic equipment with a fixed distance between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) antennae. Even in cases where more than two antennae are used, the number of channels tends to be relatively small, resulting in either a limited number of offsets or gathers with inadequate far offsets. Estimating stacking velocity and performing migration from this type of datasets are difficult. In this paper, we present techniques to interpolate both aliased and non‐aliased datasets in the offset domain and the common‐midpoint domain. The latter permits us to increase the fold of the survey and consequently improve the process of velocity analysis and migration. We assess the reconstruction efficiency of the interpolator using both synthetic and real data to different degrees of decimating. In both cases, the unaliased version of both datasets provides an accurate solution for a careful comparative analysis. At the end of this work, we make a further comparison between the resulting migrated and stacked sections for both the original and reconstructed datasets in order to highlight the efficiency of the interpolation algorithms.
Design and Implementation of a Peer-Reviewed Medical Education Video Competition: The Best of American Thoracic Society Video Lecture Series
Authors: Seam Nitin , Richards Jeremy B. , Kritek Patricia A. , Khemasuwan Danai , McCallister Jennifer W. , Santhosh Lekshmi , Prasad Bharati , Bhargava Sumit , Clay Alison S. , Crotty Alexander Laura E. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Video is an increasingly popular medium for consuming online content, and video-based education is effective for knowledge acquisition and development of technical skills. Despite the increased interest in and use of video in medical education, there remains a need to develop accurate and trusted collections of peer-reviewed videos for medical learners.

Objective
We developed the first professional society-based, open-access library of crowd-sourced and peer-reviewed educational videos for medical learners and health care providers.

Methods
A comprehensive peer-review process of medical education videos was designed, implemented, reviewed, and modified using a plan-do-study-act approach to ensure optimal accuracy and effective pedagogy, while emphasizing modern teaching methods and brevity. The number of submissions and views were tracked as metrics of interest and engagement of medical learners and educators.

Results
The Best of American Thoracic Society Video Lecture Series (BAVLS) was launched in 2016. Total video submissions for 2016, 2017, and 2018 were 26, 55, and 52, respectively. Revisions to the video peer-review process were made after each submission cycle. By 2017, the total views of BAVLS videos on www.thoracic.org and YouTube were 9100 and 17 499, respectively. By 2018, total views were 77 720 and 152 941, respectively. BAVLS has achieved global reach, with views from 89 countries.

Conclusions
The growth in submissions, content diversity, and viewership of BAVLS is a result of an intentional and evolving review process that emphasizes creativity and innovation in video-based pedagogy. BAVLS can serve as an example for developing institutional or society-based video platforms.
Med plesnim studiem in družabnim plesiščem: O solidarnosti in praksah vzajemnosti v svingovskih plesnih skupnostih
Authors: Kravanja Boštjan 
Published: September 2019

Članek z naslovom Med plesnim studiem in družabnim plesiščem: O solidarnosti in praksah vzajemnosti v svingovskih plesnih skupnostih razpravlja o dinamiki udejanjanja solidarnostnih in hierarhičnih odnosov v sodobnih plesnih skupnostih svinga. Pokaže, kako te skupnosti temeljijo na specifični solidarnostni ideologiji, ko obravnavamo procese njihove institucionalizacije, komercializacije in vzpostavljanja formalnih plesnih hierarhij. Ko pa v pogled zajamemo same plesalce in plesalke svinga, stopijo v ospredje raznolike prakse vzajemnosti, ki so za razliko od formalnih solidarnostnih diskurzov in praks veliko bolj heterogene in kot take tudi zanimivejše za antropološko obravnavo, saj vzpostavljajo solidarnostne in hierarhične odnose mimo širših mobilizacijskih vzgibov svingovske plesne industrije, prenekatere od njih pa se institucionalizaciji implicitno upirajo.Teza prikaza tega primera je, da prakse vzajemnosti niso vedno v komplementarnem razmerju z diskurzi solidarnosti, ampak je, prav nasprotno, v njihovi naravi, da glavne solidarnostne tokove pogosto zaobidejo in po svojih poteh, paradoksno, najbolj učinkovito prispevajo k dejanski solidarnosti vitalnih delov svingovskih skupnosti. Avtor je temo obdelal na podlagi šestletnega aktivnega sodelovanja na različnih slovenskih svingovskih plesnih scenah in občasne prisotnosti na mednarodnih svingovskih plesnih dogodkih po različnih evropskih mestih.
The possible mechanisms of the effects of IRX3 gene on body weight: an overview
Authors: Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Jarrahi Alirea , Akbari Mohammad , Rezaei Shahla , Doaei Saeid , Mokhtari Zohreh , Torki Abbas 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionRecent studies reported that FTO exert its effects on body weight through change the expression IRX3. The aim of this study was investigation of the possible mechanisms of the effects of IRX3 gene on obesity.Material and methodsThe present review was carried out using keywords such as polymorphism and/or obesity and/or BMI and/or IRX3 gene and/or Iroquois homeobox protein 3. Databases including PubMed, Science Direct, web of sciences, Scopus, and Cochran databases were used to collect all related articles published from 2000 to 2019.ResultsBased on this review, there are some evidences on the association between the IRX3 polymorphisms and the IRX3 expression level with body weight. In some studies, the up-regulation of IRX3 expression was related to increased body weight, while in some other studies down-regulation of IRX3 expression was related to obesity.ConclusionsThis review investigated the probable mechanisms of the effects of the IRX3 gene on obesity. Studies in this are limited and reported contradictory results. Further studies are required to evaluate the role of IRX3 gene in the associations between genes, diet, and obesity.
Investigation of the α-pinene photooxidation by OH in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR
Authors: Rolletter Michael , Kaminski Martin , Acir Ismail-Hakki , Bohn Birger , Dorn Hans-Peter , Li Xin , Lutz Anna , Nehr Sascha , Rohrer Franz , Tillmann Ralf , Wegener Robert , Hofzumahaus Andreas , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Wahner Andreas , Fuchs Hendrik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The photooxidation of the most abundant monoterpene, α-pinene, by the hydroxyl radical (OH) was investigated at atmospheric concentrations in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR. Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) were below 120 pptv. Yields of organic oxidation products are determined from measured time series giving values of 0.11±0.05, 0.19±0.06, and 0.05±0.03 for formaldehyde, acetone, and pinonaldehyde, respectively. The pinonaldehyde yield is at the low side of yields measured in previous laboratory studies, ranging from 0.06 to 0.87. These studies were mostly performed at reactant concentrations much higher than observed in the atmosphere. Time series of measured radical and trace-gas concentrations are compared to results from model calculations applying the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) 3.3.1. The model predicts pinonaldehyde mixing ratios that are at least a factor of 4 higher than measured values. At the same time, modeled hydroxyl and hydroperoxy (HO2) radical concentrations are approximately 25 % lower than measured values. Vereecken et al. (2007) suggested a shift of the initial organic peroxy radical (RO2) distribution towards RO2 species that do not yield pinonaldehyde but produce other organic products. Implementing these modifications reduces the model–measurement gap of pinonaldehyde by 20 % and also improves the agreement in modeled and measured radical concentrations by 10 %. However, the chemical oxidation mechanism needs further adjustment to explain observed radical and pinonaldehyde concentrations. This could be achieved by adjusting the initial RO2 distribution, but could also be done by implementing alternative reaction channels of RO2 species that currently lead to the formation of pinonaldehyde in the model.
Spring net community production and its coupling with the CO2 dynamics in the surface water of the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Jiang Zong-Pei , Cai Wei-Jun , Lehrter John , Chen Baoshan , Ouyang Zhangxian , Le Chengfeng , Roberts Brian J. , Hussain Najid , Scaboo Michael K. , Zhang Junxiao , Xu Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Net community production (NCP) in the surface water of
the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) and its coupling with the CO2 system
were examined during the productive spring season. NCP was estimated using
multiple approaches: (1) underway O2 and Ar ratio, (2) oxygen changes
during light/dark bottle oxygen incubations, and (3) non-conservative changes
in dissolved inorganic carbon or nutrients. These methods all showed high
spatial variability of NCP and displayed similar patterns along the
river–ocean mixing gradient, showing high production rates in plume regions.
NCPO2Ar estimated from high-resolution O2 and Ar underway
measurement indicated heterotrophic conditions at the high-nutrient and
high-turbidity Mississippi River end (-51.3±11.9 mmol C m−2 d−1 when salinity < 2) resulting from the influence of
terrestrial carbon input and light limitation on photosynthesis. High
NCPO2Ar rates (105.0±59.2 mmol C m−2 d−1, up to 235.4 mmol C m−2 d−1) were observed in the Mississippi and Atchafalaya
plumes at intermediate salinities between 15 and 30 where light and nutrients
were both favorable for phytoplankton production. NCPO2Ar rates
observed in the high-salinity, oligotrophic offshore waters (salinity
> 35.5) were close to zero due to nutrient limitation. Air–sea
CO2 fluxes generally showed corresponding changes, from being a strong
CO2 source in the river channel (55.5±7.6 mmol C m−2 d−1), to a CO2 sink in the plume (-13.4±5.5 mmol C m−2 d−1), and to being nearly in equilibrium with the atmosphere in offshore
waters. Overall, the surface water of the nGOM was net autotrophic during
spring 2017, with an area-weighted mean NCPO2Ar of 21.2 mmol C m−2 d−1, and was a CO2 sink of −6.7 mmol C m−2 d−1. A
temporal mismatch between in situ biological production and gas exchange of O2
and CO2 was shown through a box model to result in decoupling between
NCPO2Ar and CO2 flux (e.g., autotrophic water as a CO2 source
outside the Mississippi River mouth and heterotopic water as a CO2 sink
in the Atchafalaya coastal water). This decoupling was a result of in situ
biological production superimposed on the lingering background pCO2 from
the source water because of the slow air–sea CO2 exchange rate and the
buffering effect of the carbonate system.
Grooving Heavy, Dancing Drunk: Gustemic Metaphor and Mimetic Polytemporality in Anatolian Greek Music
Authors: League Panayotis 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the Anatolian Greek diaspora, discourse about the formation and expression of personhood through traditional music and dance is saturated with references to gustemic, or taste-based, aspects of Near Eastern culture. Practitioners of the zeibekiko dance genre—considered the ultimate venue for the public performance of masculine sociality—use sensory metaphors borrowed from discourse about the consumption and subjective effects of alcohol to both describe and prescribe the overlapping temporal relationships performed by musicians and dancers. Virtuosic manipulation of these relationships in an agonistic ritual context is a primary means of working out, memorializing, and challenging localized ideals of masculine personhood.Σύνοψη. Στη μικρασιατική διασπορά, συζητήσεις σχετικά με τη διαμόρφωση και έκφραση προσωπικής ατομικότητας μέσω μουσικοχορευτικών παραδόσεων είναι εμποτισμένες κατά κόρον με αναφορές Μικρασιατικής γευσιγνωσίας και γαστρονομίας. Χορευτές του ζεϊμπέκικου—ενός χορού που από πολλούς θεωρείται το κατεξοχήν πεδίο δημόσιας επιτέλεσης μίας ανρδικής κοινωνικότητας—χρησιμοποιούν μεταφορές δανεισμένες από συζητήσεις για τη κατανάλωση και τις υποκειμενικές επιδράσεις του αλκοόλ για να περιγράψουν και να προδιαγράψουν τις χρονικές σχέσεις μεταξύ χορευτκών κινήσεων και μουσικής. Ο δεξιοτεχνικός χειρισμός αυτών των σχέσεων σε περιστάσεις τελετουργικού ανταγωνισμού αποτελεί κύριο μέσο για την εξερεύνηση αλλά και την αμφισβήτηση τοπικών ιδανικών ανδρικής προσωπικότητας.
Predictive Mapping of Soil Properties for Precision Agriculture Using Geographic Information System (GIS) Based Geostatistics Models
Authors: Kingsley John , Lawani Solomon Odafe , Esther Ayito Okon , Ndiye Kebonye Michael , Sunday Ogeh Joseph , Penížek Vít 
Published: September 2019

In precision Agriculture, geostatistical methods as a predictive tool have been extensively utilized. The approach estimates soil properties spatial variability and dependency. This study was carried out in Ovia north east Local Government Area of Edo State of Nigeria in order to map soil properties (Sand, Clay, pH, OC, P, N and CEC) and redict their spatial variability. Twenty-nine (29) soil samples were collected randomly from Typic Kandiudults soil type under three different land use, teak forest plantation, shrub, and arable farm. The soil samples were air-dried and passed through a 2 mm sieve before being analyzed for pH(CaCl2), SOC, Sand, Clay, Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and CEC. Generated data were statistically and geostatistically computed to explain the spatial variability of soil properties. The traditional method of soil analysis and interpretation are tedious, time-consuming with escalating budgets thus geostatical approach. Available phosphorus yielded large variability with CV=57.08% followed by clay content with CV=49.03%. Spherical, Gaussian, Hole Effect model, Stable, Exponential and Circular models were fitted for all the soil parameters. The result revealed that soil pH, Sand content, TN and CEC were moderate spatially autocorrelated with nugget/sill value of 0.32, 0.21, 0.49 and 0.30 respectively. &nbsp;SOC also gave a moderate spatially autocorrelated with nugget/sill value of 0.44. And Clay and Available phosphorus were strong spatially autocorrelated with nugget/sill value of 0.15 and 0.13 respectively. Cross-validation of the output maps using the semivariogram showed that the interpolation models are superior to assuming mean for any unsampled area. The output maps will help soil users within the area to proffer best management technology to improve crop, fiber and water production.&nbsp;
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