bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Figure‐of‐eight sutures for hemostasis result in shorter lab recovery time after ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Payne Joshua , Bickel Trent , Gautam Sandeep 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAblation for atrial fibrillation (AF) requires multiple venous sheaths and anticoagulation with heparin, both risk factors for bleeding complications. Manual compression (MC) with heparin reversal is the standard method to achieve venous hemostasis postablation; however, temporary figure‐of‐eight sutures (F8S) are an alternative. While this technique has been shown to be safe and effective, little is known about its effect on postprocedural recovery time.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, consecutive patients who underwent AF radiofrequency ablation over a 23‐month period were reviewed for type of hemostasis (manual compression or figure‐of‐eight suture), demographics, periprocedural anticoagulation, groin complications, and procedural duration.ResultsA total of 104 patients were included (42 in the MC group and 62 in the F8S group). The two groups were similar for mean age, gender, weight, oral anticoagulant use, and procedural heparin dosing. Access site complications were 4.76% versus 3.23% (P = 0.68). Time from procedure end to sheath removal was lower in the F8S group (16.2 ± 8.47 vs 4.25 ± 4.14 min, P < 0.0001). Overall time from procedure end to hemostasis was 36.1 ± 10.1 min in the MC group versus 7.9 ± 5.6 in the F8S group (P < 0.0001). Times to extubation and transport out of the lab were both significantly lower in the F8S group (34.1 ± 14.6 vs 13.5 ± 5.4 min, and 44 ± 14.6 vs 21.9 ± 6.7 min, respectively, P < 0.0001).ConclusionFigure‐of‐eight sutures provided efficient hemostasis following AF ablation, with significantly reduced postprocedure recovery time including time to hemostasis, extubation, and transport out of the lab.
Guidelines and checklists for short‐term missions in global pediatric surgery
Authors: Butler Marilyn , Drum Elizabeth , Evans Faye M. , Fitzgerald Tamara , Fraser Jason , Holterman Ai‐Xuan , Jen Howard , Kynes Matthew , Kreiss Jenny , McClain Craig D. , Newton Mark , Nwomeh Benedict , O'Neill James , Ozgediz Doruk , Politis George , Rice Henry , Rothstein David , Sanchez Julie , Singleton Mark , Yudkowitz Francine S. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryPediatric surgeons, anesthesia providers, and nurses from North America and other high‐income countries are increasingly engaged in resource‐limited areas, with short‐term missions as the most common form of involvement. However, consensus recommendations currently do not exist for short‐term missions in pediatric general surgery and associated perioperative care. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Delivery of Surgical Care Subcommittee and American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) Global Pediatric Surgery Committee, with the American Pediatric Surgical Nurses Association, Inc. (APSNA) Global Health Special Interest Group, and the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia (SPA) Committee on International Education and Service generated consensus recommendations for short‐term missions based on extensive experience with short‐term missions. Three distinct, but related areas were identified: (i) Broad goals of surgical partnerships between high‐income countries and low‐ and middle‐income countries. A previous set of guidelines published by the Global Paediatric Surgery Network Collaborative (GPSN) was endorsed by all groups; (ii) Guidelines for the conduct of short‐term missions were developed, including planning, in‐country perioperative patient care, post‐trip follow‐up, and sustainability; and (iii) travel and safety considerations critical to short‐term mission success were enumerated. A diverse group of stakeholders developed these guidelines for short‐term missions in low‐ and middle‐income countries. These guidelines may be a useful tool to ensure safe, responsible, and ethical short‐term missions given increasing engagement of high‐income country providers in this work.
Ethylene promotes cadmium‐induced root growth inhibition through EIN3 controlled XTH33 and LSU1 expression in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kong Xiangpei , Li Cuiling , Zhang Feng , Yu Qianqian , Gao Shan , Zhang Maolin , Tian Huiyu , Zhang Jian , Yuan Xianzheng , Ding Zhaojun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCadmium (Cd) stress is one of the most serious heavy metal stresses limiting plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd‐induced root growth inhibition remain unclear. Here, we found that ethylene signalling positively regulates Cd‐induced root growth inhibition. Arabidopsis seedlings pretreated with the ethylene precursor 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid exhibited enhanced Cd‐induced root growth inhibition, whereas the addition of the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinyl glycine decreased Cd‐induced root growth inhibition. Consistently, ethylene‐insensitive mutants, such as ein4‐1, ein3‐1 eil1‐1 double mutant, and EBF1ox, displayed an increased tolerance to Cd. Furthermore, we also observed that Cd inhibited EIN3 protein degradation, a process that was regulated by ethylene signalling. Genetic and biochemical analyses showed that EIN3 enhanced root growth inhibition under Cd stress through direct binding to the promoters and regulating the expression of XTH33 and LSU1, which encode key regulators of cell wall extension and sulfur metabolic process, respectively. Collectively, our study demonstrates that ethylene plays a positive role in Cd‐regulated root growth inhibition through EIN3‐mediated transcriptional regulation of XTH33 and LSU1 and provides a molecular framework for the integration of environmental signals and intrinsic regulators in modulating plant root growth.
Strigolactones in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses: An emerging avenue of plant research
Authors: Mostofa Mohammad Golam , Li Weiqiang , Nguyen Kien Huu , Fujita Masayuki , Tran Lam‐Son Phan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhytohormones play central roles in boosting plant tolerance to environmental stresses, which negatively affect plant productivity and threaten future food security. Strigolactones (SLs), a class of carotenoid‐derived phytohormones, were initially discovered as an “ecological signal” for parasitic seed germination and establishment of symbiotic relationship between plants and beneficial microbes. Subsequent characterizations have described their functional roles in various developmental processes, including root development, shoot branching, reproductive development, and leaf senescence. SLs have recently drawn much attention due to their essential roles in the regulation of various physiological and molecular processes during the adaptation of plants to abiotic stresses. Reports suggest that the production of SLs in plants is strictly regulated and dependent on the type of stresses that plants confront at various stages of development. Recently, evidence for crosstalk between SLs and other phytohormones, such as abscisic acid, in responses to abiotic stresses suggests that SLs actively participate within regulatory networks of plant stress adaptation that are governed by phytohormones. Moreover, the prospective roles of SLs in the management of plant growth and development under adverse environmental conditions have been suggested. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion pertaining to SL‐mediated plant responses and adaptation to abiotic stresses.
First liver transplantation for biliary atresia in children: The hidden effects of non‐centralization
Authors: Kohaut Jules , Guérin Florent , Fouquet Virginie , Gonzales Emmanuel , de Lambert Guénolée , Martelli Hélène , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Branchereau Sophie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of our study was to determine the impact of initial orientation for medical and surgical care of children with BA on procedures and outcomes of the first LT. We retrospectively analyzed charts of children with BA who underwent first LT between 2006 and 2015. Patients were divided into two groups for comparison: a single‐center management group (from diagnosis to transplantation) and a secondarily referred group (children referred after failure of KP). We focused analysis on disease severity at transplantation, blood transfusion, and overall survival. One hundred and eighty‐five children were included. The median delay between pretransplant check‐up and transplantation was shorter in patients secondarily referred. A severe undernutrition was observed in 23.7% of children secondarily referred compared to 11.1% in children with a single‐center management (P = .024). At transplantation, INR and factor V level were higher in single‐center group patients (respectively, 67% vs 55%, P < .001 and 61% vs 49%, P = .002). The total of red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma administrated during procedure was two times higher in patients secondarily referred. Finally, patients with a single‐center management had a higher overall 12 months of survival rate (92.1% vs 83.1%, P = .033). In a country without low‐density population issues, the authors advocate an early referring to transplant center to further improving LT outcomes in children with BA.
Transplantation for infantile nephronophthisis with loss‐of‐function mutation in NPHP3: Lesson from a case
Authors: Zhang Huanxi , Luo Jiayue , Liu Longshan , Li Jun , Fu Qian , Chen Wenfang , Yang Shicong , Shang Wenjun , Wang Hongyang , Deng Ronghai , Sun Liangzhong , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Changxi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe choice of KT only or CLKT for infantile NPHP with mild liver fibrosis is understudied. A 5‐year‐old girl was transferred to our center for KT due to ESRD. Her primary disease was infantile NPHP with compound heterozygous NPHP3 mutations: c.458A>C(p.Q153P)/missense mutation and c.2032A>T(p. K678X)/nonsense mutation. The patient had elevated liver enzymes and biopsy‐proven liver fibrosis. As liver synthesis was acceptable, only KT was performed. However, liver fibrosis progressed at 1.5 years after transplantation, manifested with portal hypertension and hypersplenism. Common causes for portal hypertension were excluded, and the progression was attributed to NPHP. AMR attacked allograft at about 2 years post‐transplant. To solve both the liver and the kidney problems, CLKT was performed. Her liver and kidney function recovered initially, but she unfortunately died of pneumonia and subsequent intracranial hemorrhage two weeks later. Nonsense mutation in NPHP3 gene may be correlated with rapid progression of liver disease in infantile NPHP. More studies are required to determine the role of CLKT in these cases; however, combined transplantation may improve long‐term graft and patient survival.
Disentangling historical signal and pollinator selection on the micromorphology of flowers: an example from the floral epidermis of the Nymphaeaceae
Authors: Coiro M. , Barone Lumaga M. R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

The family Nymphaeaceae includes most of the diversity among the ANA‐grade angiosperms. Among the species of this family, floral structures and pollination strategies vary. The genus Victoria, as well as subgenera Lotos and Hydrocallis in Nymphaea, present night‐blooming, scented flowers pollinated by scarab beetles. Such similar pollination strategies have led to macromorphological similarities among the flowers of these species, which could be interpreted as homologies or convergences based on different phylogenetic hypotheses about the relationships of these groups.

We employed scanning electron microscopy of floral epidermis for seven species of the Nymphaeaceae with contrasting pollination biology to identify the main characters of the floral organs and the potential homologous nature of the structures involved in pollinator attraction. Moreover, we used transmission electron microscopy to observe ultrastructure of papillate‐conical epidermis in the stamen of Victoria cruziana. We then tested the phylogenetic or ecological distribution of these traits using both consensus network approaches and ancestral state reconstruction on fixed phylogenies.

Our results show that the night‐blooming flowers present different specialisations in their epidermis, with V. cruziana presenting the most elaborate floral anatomy. We also identify for the first time the presence of conical‐papillate cells in the order Nymphaeales. The epidermal characters tend to reflect phylogenetic relationships more than convergence due to pollinator selection.

These results point to an independent and parallel evolution of scarab pollination in Nymphaeaceae and demonstrate the promise of floral anatomy as a phylogenetic marker. Moreover, they indicate a degree of sophistication in the anatomical basis of cantharophilous flowers in the Nymphaeales that diverges from the most simplistic views of floral evolution in the angiosperms.
Nitric oxide on/off in fruit ripening
Authors: Corpas F. J. , Palma J. M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFruit ripening is a complex physiological process involving significant external and internal modifications. Classic edible fleshy fruits have been classified as climacteric or non‐climacteric according to their dependence on the phyto hormone ethylene; however, data have increasingly confirmed the involvement of the free radical nitric oxide (NO) in this process. Moreover, the exogenous application of NO demonstrates its beneficial effects on fruit quality.
Pseudoperonospora cubensis virulence and pathotype structure in Kazakhstan
Authors: Rsaliyev A. S. , Amirkhanova N. T. , Rametov N. M. , Pahratdinova Z. U. , Ojiambo P. S. , Lebeda A. 
Published: June 2018

Severe epidemics of cucurbit downy mildew caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis have been observed in recent years in major cucumber‐producing regions in Kazakhstan. However, information on the pathogenic variability of P. cubensis that could facilitate screening of candidate cucumber varieties and hybrids prior to deployment for commercial production is currently not available. A total of 112 isolates were collected from 2014 to 2016 during surveys in three major cucumber‐producing regions of Kazakhstan. Single lesion isolates were tested for their compatibility with a differential host set composed of 12 genotypes. Most isolates were compatible with Cucumis sativus and C. melo subsp. melo, while none were compatible with Citrullus lanatus. Isolates differed primarily by their virulence to C. pepo subsp. pepo and Benincasa hispida. Based on the patterns of compatibility with the differential host set, 29 pathotypes were identified. Of these, 18 were associated with a specific production region, six occurred in two regions and five were present in all three regions. The number of virulence factors (VF) ranged from 2 to 10, with 65% of the pathotypes having eight or more VFs. Indices of diversity showed that virulence was very diverse within the pathogen populations. Clustering of pathotypes based on similarity in virulence showed the existence of two main clusters. The high pathogenic variability observed in this study suggests that newly developed cucumber varieties and hybrids with resistance to cucurbit downy mildew need to be evaluated against a wide range of pathotypes prior to their deployment for commercial production in Kazakhstan.
Financial development and economic growth: long‐run equilibrium and transitional dynamics
Authors: Bucci Alberto , Marsiglio Simone 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe analyze the impact of financial development on economic growth. Differently from previous studies that focus mainly on balanced growth path outcomes, we also analyze the transitional dynamics of our model economy by using a finance‐extended Uzawa–Lucas framework where financial intermediation affects both human and physical capital accumulation. We show that, under certain rather general conditions, economic growth may turn out to be non‐monotonically related to financial development (as suggested by the most recent empirical evidence) and that too much finance may be detrimental to growth. We also show that the degree of financial development may affect the speed of convergence, which suggests that finance may play a crucial role in determining the length of the recovery process associated with exogenous shocks. Moreover, in a special case of the model, we observe that, under a realistic set of parameters, social welfare decreases with financial development, meaning that even when finance positively affects economic growth the short‐term costs associated with financial activities more than compensate their long‐run benefits.
Opening Pandora's box of Pristocerinae: molecular and morphological phylogenies ofApenesia(Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) reveal several hidden genera
Authors: ALENCAR ISABEL D. C. C. , WAICHERT CECILIA , AZEVEDO CELSO O. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe flat waspApenesiaWestwood is one of the largest genera in Pristocerinae with 190 species worldwide. The lack of a single diagnostic morphological character has resulted in many distinct ground plans withinApenesia. Some authors have suggestedApenesiaas polyphyletic. Here we aimed to investigate and delimit the genus based on morphological and molecular data. We analysed 163 morphological characters ontntusing ‘traditional search’, whereas Bayesian (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) inferences were performed on 1553 concatenated nucleotide base pairs from COI and 28S sequences.Apenesiawas recovered as polyphyletic in all analyses with up to 10 different lineages spread throughout the tree. We mapped female morphological characters onto the molecular tree to enlighten morphological evolution in the apterous females. Based on our morphological and molecular analyses, and on the taxonomic revision of holotypes and specimens, we propose six new genera in the Pristocerinae and revalidate the generic status of two:Acrenesiagen.n.,Austranesiagen.n.,Cleistepyrisstat. rev.,Dracunesiagen.n.,Eleganesiagen.n.,Epynesiagen.n.,Pristonesiagen.n., andPropristocerastat. rev.We also propose four new generic synonymies:Neoapenesiasyn.n.underApenesia,Dipristocerasyn.n.underCleistepyris,Afrocerasyn.n.andNeopristocerasyn.n.underPropristocera. At the species level, we indicateApenesia minorsyn.n.underPropristocera tagala. In all, 162 new combinations, eight reinstated combinations and one new name to avoid homonymy are proposed.Apenesiais now defined as flat wasps having males with the mesoscutum gibbous, the genitalia with the paramere narrow and densely hairy, and the aedeagus with the ventral apical lobe elliptical and covered with lumps. Females ofApenesiacan be distinguished from other Pristocerinae by having the head wider than the mesosoma, the antennae short, the mandible long, and the clypeus surpassing the toruli in the frons. This study reinforces the difficulties in definingApenesiaand other Pristocerinae genera.This published work has been registered in ZooBank,http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:65FB3087‐0F30‐4851‐B1BA‐ED6E4518B958.
Assessment of the compensation point ofCirsium arvenseand effects of competition, root weight and burial depth on below‐ground dry weight – leaf stage trajectories
Authors: Verwijst T , Tavaziva V J , Lundkvist A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryFarmers are recommended to employ mechanical control whenCirsium arvenseis most sensitive to disturbance. Earlier studies suggest that this occurs at a stage of minimum below‐ground dry weight, coinciding with three to seven or seven to ten leaves per shoot, depending on the definition of below‐ground dry weight. However, some farmers notice better effects when mechanical control is performed at earlier leaf stages. To estimate the compensation point (CP), defined as the minimum weight of the entire below‐ground structure ofC. arvenseand to further understand links between initial root weight, planting depth and crop competition, three outdoor pot experiments were performed in Sweden in 2013‐2014. We hypothesised that (i)CPlikely occurs beforeC. arvensehas developed three leaves, (ii) relative depletion of the below‐ground system atCPis less at lower initial root weight compared with higher weight, and (iii) methodological variations inCPestimations have minor impact on the results. We found that theCPforC. arvensein all treatments occurred before shoots had developed three leaves and that treatment effects were minor (<0.5 leaf stages). Leaf and leaf stage definitions, choice of leaf range and model also had minor effects onCPestimates. Depletion of planted root fragments ceased around leaf stages 3‐4, and their partial replenishment also constitutes evidence for aCPat early leaf stages. For agronomy, our results imply that mechanical control ofC. arvenseshould be performed earlier than previously recommended, probably before reaching an average of three to four leaves per shoot.
Co‐operative versus non‐co‐operative farmers' weed control decisions in an agricultural landscape
Authors: Gonzalez‐Andujar J L 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis study presents a simple landscape model of the influence of seed dispersal on weed population dynamics between fields. In the model, three fields are interconnected through weed seed dispersal, where seed might move with field equipment, in irrigation water or may be wind‐dispersed. The model is intended to characterise the impact of field‐level weed management decisions on landscape‐level weed population dynamics. Two simple scenarios were studied. The first simulates farmers adopting common effective methods of control on each of the three fields. In the second scenario, farmers manage the weed population independently on each of the three fields. In the first scenario, weed populations were driven to extinction as might be expected with uniformly high levels of weed suppression in each of the three fields. In the second scenario, when the two nearest fields in the sequence experienced control, the weed population was driven to extinction in the second field but not in the first where weed populations were able to survive in spite of high levels of suppression. The results suggest that control measures within a field may not adequately reflect their impact on weed population dynamics when between field seed movement occurs. Another important result is the importance of proximity and spatial arrangement of fields and the resulting influence on weed population dynamics within a field.