bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Economic Losses Due to Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Bodija Municipal Abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adelakun O. D. , Akinseye V.O. , Adesokan H. K. , Cadmus S. I.B. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a zoonotic disease responsible for considerable economic losses; with consequent negative impact on both public health and the livestock industry. However, the burden of this disease and associated economic losses remain un-investigated among slaughtered cattle in Ibadan, the hub of livestock activities in south-western Nigeria. A cross sectional study was conducted over a three-month period to determine the prevalence and economic losses due to BTB among slaughtered cattle at the Bodija Municipal Abattoir, Ibadan, in south-western Nigeria. Individual slaughtered cattle were purposively inspected for the presence of tuberculous lesions, and representative sample of affected organs and associated lymph nodes from the BTB suspected animals were taken. The suspected lesions were processed based on Becton Dickinson digestion and decontamination procedure and the losses due to BTB were estimated mathematically, using a formula. The BTB prevalence of 9.3 % (38/408) was obtained with a significant statistical association (P ≤ 0.05) of the disease with the breeds of cattle slaughtered. Out of the 46 visceral organs condemned: 29 (63 %) were lungs, 12 (26.1 %) livers, 4 (8.7 %) hearts and 1 (2.2 %) kidney. The total estimated annual economic loss (direct and indirect) due to BTB was estimated as Nigerian naria NGN 703,980,070 (EUR 1,725,441.4). This study revealed BTB as endemic and a major cause of concern considering its ill-health and economic effects on both humans and the livestock industry. Efforts are therefore required: to control this disease along the beef value chain in order to safeguard human and livestock health; as well as to limit the economic losses associated with its prevalence.
Effect of Low-Dose Exposure to Toxic Heavy Metals on The Reproductive Health of Rats A Multigenerational Study
Authors: Doničová V. , Lukačínová A. , Beňačka R. , Ništiar F. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of the exposure to low doses of lead, mercury and cadmium dissolved in drinking water (200× above maximal permissible dosage) on the reproductive potency of 200 Wistar rats (100 males and 100 females of F1 generation) and their progeny. Ten groups of rats were formed according to their exposure to heavy metals, including one control group without exposure. The females gave births between weeks 13 and 78 of the experiments. Reproduction parameters, such as number of litters, total number of newborns, number of newborns per litter, and number of weanlings were assessed weekly. The results demonstrated that the number of litters and newborns were higher after exposure to mercury and lower after exposure to lead. The number of weanlings and their share from newborns were the highest after exposure to cadmium and the lowest after exposure to mercury. A sex-specific effect of metals was related to the reproductive success.
Thiol/Disulphide homeostasis, ischemia modified albumin, and ferroxidase as oxidative stress markers in women with obesity with insulin resistance
Authors: Ates Elif , Set Turan , Karahan Süleyman Caner , Biçer Cemile , Erel Özcan 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to determine oxidative stress-related plasma thiol/disulphide, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels and ferroxidase activity among women with obesity in insulin-resistant and non-insulin-resistant groups in comparison with an overweight group.MethodsWe compared plasma thiol/disulphide, IMA levels, and ferroxidase activity between the study groups. We analyzed plasma thiol/disulphide homeostasis with a newly developed automated measurement method; IMA with Albumin Cobalt Binding Test and ferroxidase (ceruloplasmin) levels with an automated, colourimetric method.ResultsThere were no significant differences between insulin-resistant and non-insulin-resistant women with obesity in terms of plasma native thiol, total thiol, disulphide, disulphide/native thiol ratio, disulphide/total thiol or native thiol/total thiol values. Ferroxidase activity was higher in insulin-resistant than in non-insulin-resistant women with obesity and higher in the total women with obesity group than in the overweight subjects (p<0.001, and p=0.014, respectively). IMA was lower in the insulin-resistant group than in the non-insulin-resistant group and overweight groups (p=0.011, and p=0.042, respectively).ConclusionsThe significantly greater increase in ferroxidase activity in insulin-resistant subjects with obesity may reflect its role as a positive acute phase protein. These findings may be related to the pathogenesis of the disease. Changes in oxidative status occur in women with obesity, and partially in overweight subjects. The ferroxidase activity of ceruloplasmin plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis and lowers oxidative stress by reducing the detrimental effects of iron.
Trinitarianism In Didache, Barnabas, and the Shepherd: Sketchy, Scant, or Scandalous?
Authors: Svigel Michael J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A survey of works on the development of nascent trinitarianism, especially in the last several decades, reveals that most treatments cut a wide path around three of the earliest Christian writings: Didache, Barnabas, and Shepherd of Hermas. Because these writings straddle the apostolic/post-apostolic eras (c. AD 50-150), they should be regarded as essential links in any historical account of the development of trinitarian theology. Nevertheless, these writings have sometimes been regarded as having sketchy, scant, or scandalous christologies and pneumatologies. This article argues that the typical critical estimations of these writings as nontrinitarian are under-supported by the textual evidence. Rather, Didache, Barnabas, and the Shepherd of Hermas may very well presuppose a basic christocentric and trinitarian creation-redemption narrative. Far from scandalous, these texts provide a positive link in the continuity from seminal apostolic trinitarian thought to the later trinitarian growth of the second century.
Tertullian on the Trinity
Authors: Litfin Bryan M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Tertullian is often portrayed as a prescient figure who accurately anticipated the Nicene consensus about the Trinity. But when he is examined against the background of his immediate predecessors, he falls into place as a typical second-century Logos theologian. He drew especially from Theophilus of Antioch, Justin Martyr, and Irenaeus of Lyons. At the same time, Tertullian did introduce some important innovations. His trinitarian language of ‘substance’ and ‘person’, rooted in Stoic metaphysics, offered the church a new way to be monotheistic while retaining the full deity and consubstantiality of the Word. Tertullian also significantly developed the concept of a divine oikonomia, God’s plan to create and redeem the world. The Son and Spirit are emissaries of the Father’s will—not ontologically inferior to him, yet ranked lower in the way that the sent are always subordinate to the sender. For this reason, Tertullian denied that a Father/Son relationship was eternal within the Trinity, seeing it rather as a new development emerging from God’s plan to make the world. Such temporal paternity and filiation distances Tertullian from the eventual Nicene consensus, which accepted instead the eternal generation theory of Origen. While Tertullian did propose some important terms that would gain traction among the Nicene fathers, he was also marked by a subordinationist tendency that had affinities with Arianism. Tertullian’s most accurate anticipation of Nicaea was his insistence on three co-eternal and consubstantial Persons. Historical theologians need to start admitting that Tertullian was a far cry from being fully Nicene. Rather, he offered a clever but still imperfect half-step toward what would become official orthodoxy..
Musiceducation in The Context of New Challenges for Philosophy of Education
Authors: Sláviková Zuzana , Králová Eva 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In our contribution we point out to the current challenges of the philosophy of art education, which are based on a new perspective on a human being, which also involves a deeper understanding of the aims and forms of artistic pedagogy. The reflected perspective expands the space for the complex development of child personality and the stimulation of his or her creativity. The principles of methodological procedures and the openness of the system take this perspective into consideration in an explored and experimentally verified music-pedagogical model by Juraj Hatrik “The Jewel of Music”. Conceptually, this model opposes unchanging and fixed learning didactic algorithms with the philosophy of atomizing at different levels, intended only for imitation, without the possibility of anticipating and considering the number of possible connections, the effects arising from the streams, and the effects of the interrelated factors that raise the problem from different angles.
Music Calling for Social Transformation: Some Reflections on Poulenc’s Surrealist WorkLe Bal Masqué
Authors: Marisi Rossella 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGrounding on Marx’s and Freud’s theories, Surrealists sought the liberation of the individual and the transformation of society. With this aim they brought together usual objects in unusual combinations, surprising the audience and giving them the opportunity to perceive reality with different eyes. This study reflects on a character of Jacob’s and Poulenc’s Le bal masqué, Mademoiselle Malvina, presented as epitome of the bourgeoisie and described in both text and music as duplicitous and superficial.
Choose Music! A Consulting and Training Strategy for Admission to Higher Education in Music
Authors: Duţică Luminiţa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The educational project CHOOSE MUSIC!, subtitled “for counselling and training for admission to higher education in music”, was created many years ago, at the initiative of Prof. Univ. PhD. Luminiţa Duţică, with the main purpose of creating a bridge between the pre-university and academic musical education (through pupils - students, pupils - university professors, etc.). Another special objective was to promote the image and opportunities existing at “George Enescu” National University of Arts of Iași. In this respect, inter-institutional partnerships were established between the Faculty of Interpretation, Composition and Theoretical Music Studies within “George Enescu” National University of Arts of Iași and numerous art high schools/colleges, especially from the regions of Moldavia (Suceava, Botoșani, Bacău, Piatra-Neamț, Iași, Bârlad and Galați). In this study we will go into more detailed aspects related to teaching and art activities made for this purpose, diverse and attractive, evidenced by: demonstration lessons of Music theory, Classical composition / jazz – easy listening, Musicology, Choral/Orchestral Conducting, MasterClass for aspects regarding the perception and graphic representation of the sounds, as well as the specific musical skills training (held by professors Luminiţa and Gheorghe Duţică), to which educational concerts, book launches, special meetings with teachers from the pre-university education, additional training with students for admission to the academic musical education in Iași (especially in the contest subject called Theory - Solfeggio –Melodic Dictation.
The Enescian Pianistic Notes and Commentaries (1st part)
Authors: Naie Lăcrămioara 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Moldavian by nature and genius by vocation, maestro George Enescu remained captured in the universal consciousness as an accomplished violinist, composer and as an amazing and inspired musician – pianist which gathered in an admirable synthesis elegance, refinement, impressionist tones, romantic flames, classic – German construction, all these under the aura of a profound Romanian feeling. All the Enescian pianistic artistic creation is under the sign of the stylistic unity, of the maximal concentration of the musical substance that carry all artistic emotions and the accumulations of the modern musical expression. The generous, wide and bidding instrumental register covers the adage of “unity in diversity”.
The Problematization of The Triad Style-Genrelanguage in The Didactic Approach of The Discipline The History of Music
Authors: Iațeșen Loredana Viorica 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Conventional mentality, according to which, in the teaching activities carried out during the courses of History of Music, the approach of the triad style-genre-language is performed under restrictions and in most cases in a superficial manner, the professor dealing with the usual general correlations (information regarding the epoch, biography and activity of the creator, affiliation of the musician to a certain culture of origin, the classification of the opus under discussion chronologically in the context of the composer’s work) falls into a traditional perspective on the discipline brought to our attention, a perspective that determines, following the processes of periodical or final assessment, average results and a limited feedback from students. For these reasons, it is necessary to use the modern methods of approaching the discipline, new teaching strategies in the comments and correlations on scientific content, so that the problematization of the style-genre-language triad in didactic approach of the discipline The History of Music, to generate optimal results in specific teaching and assessment activities.
The Piano, A Perfect Musical Instrument – Beginnings and Evolution (18th – 19th Centuries)
Authors: Tudor Brînduşa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century mark the emergence, development and affirmation of the piano as a complex instrument that shall take, in turns, the role of soloist instrument, claiming and being able to reach the sound variety of the orchestra, that of partner in chamber music assemblies or that of orchestra member. The emergence, improvement and qualitative performance acquisition adventure of the piano represents a fascinating history about human creativity and ingenuity serving art, beauty, sound expressivity refinement and improvement.
Extramusical Aspects Regarding the Organisation of Children Symphony Orchestra
Authors: Ion Ciprian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article introduces the problems that could emerge when undertaking to organize a children symphony orchestra, but also the means of surmounting them. The stress falls on the difficult mission of establishing the specific hierarchy (part master, placement on desks, choosing the concert-maestro), action that proves to be extremely delicate taking into consideration the age category we refer to. Moreover, we pursue the indication of the stages that should be taken into account in order to obtain an independent, functional and adaptable ensemble, given the limited time period until the public show. After choosing the members of the hard core of the ensemble, it is recommended that the master shall empower and present the tasks that one must meet. Thus, the qualities that the chosen children should take into consideration for the purpose of avoiding certain stressed moment or certain syncopes for the optimal operation of the orchestra are presented. Once the premises for a good operation have the created, the professor can transfer certain tasks to the students (tuning, settling the bows, part study, etc.) having as an effect the efficiency of going through the programme under the conditions of a deadline which cannot be exceeded. Furthermore, several recommendations regarding the psychological training of the children for the purpose of surmounting the stress factor specific to any public interpretation are presented.
The Development of Dm. Kabalevskii Ideas in Contemporary Musical Pedagogy
Authors: Caliga Marina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Musical pedagogy has a long way of training and development. Over the decades, we can follow schools, systems and personalities through which this area is grounded. Based on various factors, such as the geographical location, the purpose of the system or school pursued, the possibilities of interpretation, the contemporary musical pedagogy enumerates well-known personalities, on whose researches this field is based. Dm. Kabalevsky’s name and his successors notably record in the musical-educational system of the Republic of Moldova.
The Operas of Pascal Bentoiu: Themes, Collective Character, Ars Choralis
Authors: Radu-Țaga Consuela 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Pascal Bentoiu dedicated to the lyrical stage three opuses: the comedy The Love Doctor, the radio opera The Sacrifice of Iphigenia and the tragedy Hamlet. The female choir from The Sacrifice of Iphigenia and the choir from Hamlet use different ways of vocal expression, adapted to vibrations of the word: from recitative chanting or spoken chorus, to melodic articulations. The hegemony of the vocal parameter and the lyrical expression are counterpoised by the feverishness of the dramatic moments. Pascal Bentoiu proposes new elements in the structure of the opera genre, because in Hamlet the conceptual meanings of the overture are replaced by the choral prelude à cappella. The moments of choral treatment à cappella abound in his operas, these moments being full of emotion and expressing a deep sensitivity.
Sigismund Toduţă. Component Portrait
Authors: Burduloi Marta 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The figure of the composer Sigismund Toduţă is among those creators whose style, although having a constant evolution towards complexity over several creative periods, remains essentially unitary from a stylistic point of view, rendering it recognizable by constant compositional masterpieces throughout his entire work.131 The existence of a significant number of studies, articles, analyses, integrated in various journalistic contexts (magazines, lexicons, doctoral theses), concerning various aspects of Toduţă creation, has made it possible to outline even from the beginning a general picture of the composer’s style, a valuable starting point for deepening the research in the spirit of the chosen theme.
Creative Workshop – Creative Activity of Undergraduate Students in The Process of Theatre Creation
Authors: Kušnírová Eva 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Within the frame of the study field of Aesthetics at Faculty of Arts Prešov University in Prešov, the students have an opportunity to acquire abilities and skills also in creative artistic activities. One of the possibilities is to participate in the creative workshops as the part of Academic Prešov Festival that is very popular with the participants. The actors of a creative workshop can experience, in a short period of time (mostly weekly), an intense creative process in which a young undergraduate student headed by a professional, in the amateur communication with a professional, can experience an unrepeatable experience of creativity, creation of theatrical work as well as the distinctive level of theatrical communication on the axis of participant-lecture-process-making-theatrical work-viewer. In this way, he discovers potential artistic, authentic, and generationally specific dispositions.
Ipostases of The Choreographic Dialogue
Authors: Todi Cristina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The analysis of the aesthetic face of dance brings to our forefront the fascination for the movement on many artists who experienced the movement and, above all, explored the possibilities of kinetic art or movement movement. In its most elevated form, dance contains not only this element but also the infinite richness of human personality. It is the perfect synthesis of the abstract and the human, of mind and intellect with emotion, discipline with spontaneity, spirituality with erotic attraction to which dance aspires; and in dance as a form of communication, it is the most vivid presentation of this fusion act that is the ideal show.
The Female Artist in Romanian Inter-War Theater
Authors: Antochi Carmen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In Romania at the beginning of the twentieth century women were concerned with the home environment. In an urban environment, however, there had been a re-alignment towards education, women from affluent families having an artistic preoccupation, with them being determined and epochal. Though loved and admired on the stage, the women who embraced an artistic career were not looked upon with total respect by the society as a whole, because they were straying away from ‘their calling’. The opening towards the occident had lit the flame in our womens hearts to reach equality in rights, to occupy a place in society and to fight a prejudice image.
Mental Preparation of Students Preceding the Course
Authors: Florentin Alice 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In the preparation of”complete actors” only the technical aspects are not decisive, they will not only train them for the level of mastery. Aerobic exercises, forexample, can only play a part in recreation and muscular development, but when we talk about the scenic movement that uses actors’ preparation, the situation changes; the future actor has to work out physical exercises by passing through the mental as well as the spiritual filter. Each student should think about how the exercises indicated by the teacher feel in their bodies, the reception may be different from the way the teacher / college actors / dancers experience the movement. In this context, the student is the only expert in what he likes to do with the movements indicated by the one in front of him, or what emotions are evoked when he experiences a choreographic phrase. This makes the study of acting or dance a form of art, and the difference is given by their inner experiences. the uniqueness of the body on the move.”
Methods of Achieving Stylistic Unity Between Portrait, Costume, and The Theatre Play Space
Authors: Iaţesen Mihai Cosmin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Creating stylistic unity within a theatre play is more than just a complex process. The original interpretation of the language forms, specific to each artist that becomes part of this creative act, lies within the final aesthetic product. This article starts by analysing the concept of form and movement as a result of syncretism on various levels, from style and movement, to expression and feelings. To achieve this, the author describes the aesthethics of form emphasising the meaning of stylistic unity in achieving the artistic vision of a show. The paper defines compositional laws and theatrical methods that make the muppet play become a harmonic visual ensemble and stylistic unity. Some of these are: stage props and background; the kinetic criterion of moving forms; the ergonomic criterion of forms in space; the criterion of materiality - in creating the clothing and the costume design.