bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omega-3-Fettsäuren im Sport – Mängel erkennen und beheben
Authors: von Schacky Clemens 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungBei Athleten, die ihren Körper in besonders starker Weise beanspruchen, erkennt man die vielfältigen Bedeutungen eines hohen ω-3-Indexes ebenso wie Leistungssportler in besonderer Weise von der Höhe ihres ω-3-Index abhängig sind. EPA und DHA, nicht die pflanzliche α-Linolensäure, sind geeignet, den ω-3-Index zu erhöhen. Ein ω-3-Index im Zielbereich von 8–11 % bedeutet Minimierung von Muskelkater und -abbau, eine Optimierung bestimmter kardiopulmonaler Parameter, eine Minimierung des Risikos für den plötzlichen Herztod, eine Optimierung komplexer kognitiver Leistungen wie Reaktionszeit oder Aufmerksamkeitsspanne, möglicherweise eine Minimierung der Konsequenzen von Hirntraumata, eine Optimierung der psychiatrischen/psychischen Situation und weitere positive Aspekte. Deshalb gehört die Bestimmung des HS-Omega-3-Index in die Laborroutine der Sportlerbetreuung. In den meisten Fällen wird ein ω-3-Index unterhalb des Zielbereiches von 8–11 % erkannt werden, was dann eine Supplementation mit entsprechenden Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln erfordert.
Metabolic Costs During Backward Running with Body Weight Support
Authors: Masumoto Kenji , Galor Kendell , Craig-Jones Andrew , Mercer John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe investigated metabolic costs, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), stride frequency (SF), and preferred speed (PS) during forward and backward running at different levels of body weight support (BWS). Participants completed forward and backward running on a lower body positive pressure treadmill at their preferred speed for forward and backward running at 0%BWS, 20%BWS, and 50%BWS. Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), heart rate (HR), RPE, SF, and PS were measured. HR, RPE, and SF during forward and backward running decreased with increasing BWS (P<0.05).V̇O2 during both forward and backward running at 50%BWS was significantly lower than when running at 0%BWS (P<0.01). However, PS during forward and backward running increased with increasing BWS (P<0.01). Furthermore,V̇O2 was different between running directions only when running at 0%BWS (P<0.01). HR and RPE were not different between running directions (P>0.05). SF during backward running was higher than that of forward running (P<0.01). PS during backward running was lower than when running forward (P<0.001). Our observations suggest that individuals may select PS and SF during running with BWS in a way that resulted in similar metabolic costs, regardless of direction of locomotion.
Keep/Refer-Decision-Making Abilities and Screening for Serious Pathologies as Integral Components of Physiotherapy Education and Profession
Authors: Lackenbauer Wolfgang , Jansen Jessie , Roddam Hazel , Selfe James 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background Several surveys over the last few years examined physiotherapists’ attitude towards direct access, increased practice autonomy and the necessity to detect the presence of serious pathologies.
Objective The aim of the questionnaire was identify the attitude of Austrian physicians towards physiotherapists’ taking more responsibility in the case of clinical decisions.
Method An online survey was distributed by e-mail among 1000 general practitioners and 395 orthopaedic surgeons working in private practice in Austria during autumn 2017.
Results The study included 76 general practitioners (7.6 %) and 40 orthopaedic surgeons (10 %). 90 % of the responding general practitioners and 68 % of the orthopaedic surgeons believed that Austrian physiotherapists should be able to decide whether physiotherapy is indicated or not.
Conclusion The majority of the study participants were in favour of Austrian physiotherapists taking more responsibility and that they independently decide about physiotherapeutic indication.
Consider Role of Glutamatergic Habenula-projecting Globus Pallidus in OCD
Authors: Loonen Anton J.M. , Ivanova Svetlana A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecently, in a review article in this journal, Vlček and colleagues described the putative role played by the glutamatergic system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and how this might explain the effects of certain treatments. They describe a neuroanatomical model, which includes a specific role of the amygdala-hippocampus complex (AHC) and would complete the classic cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) mechanism of OCD. The role of the AHC can perhaps be better understood when considering its ancient relationship to the rest of the forebrain of mammals. This leads to distinguishing between primary (lamprey-like), secondary (amphibian-like) and tertiary (mammal-like) parts of the forebrain including amygdaloid, ventral extrapyramidal and dorsal extrapyramidal systems, respectively. A specific role in OCD may be played by the habenula-projecting part of the pallidum, which evaluated the result of behaviour in human’s earliest vertebrate ancestors. The addition of these primary relationship to the authors’ description could be fruitful when planning the future research, as suggested by them.
Use of the Pessary in the Prevention of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Corrêa Thayane Delazari , Amorim Ester Gomes , Tomazelli Jade Aimée Guimarães , Corrêa Mário Dias 
Published: February 2019

Objective The gestational complication most associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity is spontaneous preterm birth with gestational age < 37 weeks. Therefore, it is necessary to identify its risk factors and attempt its prevention. The benefits of the pessary in prematurity are under investigation. Our objective was to analyze the use of the pessary in the prevention of preterm births in published studies, and to compare its efficacy with other methods.
Methods Randomized clinical trials published between 2010 and 2018 were selected from electronic databases. Studies on multiple gestations were excluded.
Results Two studies were in favor of the pessary as a preventive method, one study was contrary to the method and another two showed no statistically significant difference. The meta-analysis showed no statistical difference with the use of a cervical pessary in the reduction of births < 37 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.63; confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.38–1.06) and < 34 weeks (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.35–1.57)
Conclusion The pooled data available to date seems to show a lack of efficacy of the cervical pessary in the prevention of preterm birth, although the heterogeneity of the studies made comparisons more difficult.
Treatment of Superficial Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Duffett Lisa , Kearon Clive , Rodger Marc , Carrier Marc 
Published: February 2019

Background The optimal first line treatment for patients with isolated superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) of the lower extremity is unknown.
Objective This article reports estimates of the rate of venous thromboembolic complications among patients with SVT according to treatment.
Materials and Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using unrestricted searches of electronic databases. Reported events were transformed to event per 100 patient-years of follow-up and a random effects model was used to calculate pooled rates according to pre-specified treatment categories. The primary outcome was the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) during the study follow-up period.
Results Seventeen articles, including 6,862 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Fondaparinux had the lowest event rate with 1.4 events per 100 patient-years of follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5–2.8, I
2 = 18%). Pooled event rates for DVT or PE ranged from 9.3 to 16.6 events per 100 patient-years across other treatment categories, and the pooled event rate for no treatment/placebo was 10.5 events per 100 patient-years (95% CI, 3.0–22.0). Major bleeding was low and similar across all treatment categories. Heterogeneity was moderate to high for most pooled estimates.
Conclusion While pooled event rates suggest that fondaparinux achieves the lowest rate of DVT or PE, low-quality evidence for other treatments prevents firm conclusions about the optimal treatment for SVT.
Patient-Reported Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Postmastectomy Radiated Patients: A Comparison between Delayed and Delayed Immediate Autologous Breast Reconstruction in a Predominantly Minority Patient Population
Authors: Kamel George N. , Nash David , Jacobson Joshua , Berk Robin , Mehta Karan , Benacquista Teresa , Draper Lawrence B. , Garfein Evan S. , Weichman Katie E. 
Published: February 2019

Background Delayed immediate (DI) autologous breast reconstruction consists of immediate postmastectomy tissue expander placement, radiation therapy, and subsequent autologous reconstruction. The decision between timing of reconstructive methods is challenging and remains to be elucidated. We aim to compare patient reported outcomes and quality of life between delayed and DI reconstruction.
Methods A retrospective review of all patients, who underwent autologous breast reconstruction at Montefiore Medical Center from January 2009 to December 2016, was conducted. Patients who underwent postmastectomy radiotherapy were divided into two cohorts: delayed and DI autologous breast reconstruction. Patients were mailed a BREAST-Q survey and their responses, demographic information, complications, and need for revisionary procedures were analyzed.
Results A total of 79 patients met inclusion criteria: 34.2% (n = 27) in the delayed and 65.8% (n = 52) in the DI group. 77.2% (n = 61) of patients were a minority population. Patients in each cohort had similar baseline characteristics; however, the DI cohort was more likely to have bilateral reconstruction (46.2% [n = 24] vs. 7.4% [n = 2]; p = 0.0005) and to have major mastectomy flap necrosis (22.4% [n = 17] vs. 0.0% [n = 0]; p = 0.002). Premature tissue expander removal occurred in 17.3% (n = 9) of patients in the DI group. BREAST-Q response rates were 44.4% (n = 12) in the delayed group and 57.7% (n = 30) in the DI group. Responses showed similar satisfaction with their breasts, well-being, and overall outcome.
Conclusion Delayed and DI autologous breast reconstruction yield similar patient-reported satisfaction; however, patients undergoing DI reconstruction have higher rates of major mastectomy necrosis. Furthermore, patients in the DI group risk premature tissue expander removal.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)-Based Therapeutic Concepts in Atherosclerosis and Inflammation
Authors: Sinitski Dzmitry , Kontos Christos , Krammer Christine , Asare Yaw , Kapurniotu Aphrodite , Bernhagen Jürgen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChemokines orchestrate leukocyte recruitment in atherosclerosis and their blockade is a promising anti-atherosclerotic strategy, but few chemokine-based approaches have advanced into clinical trials, in part owing to the complexity and redundancy of the chemokine network. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pivotal mediator of atherosclerotic lesion formation. It has been characterized as an inflammatory cytokine and atypical chemokine that promotes atherogenic leukocyte recruitment and lesional inflammation through interactions with the chemokine receptors CXCR2 and CXCR4, but also exhibits phase-specific CD74-mediated cardioprotective activity. The unique structural properties of MIF and its homologue MIF-2/D-DT offer intriguing therapeutic opportunities including small molecule-, antibody- and peptide-based approaches that may hold promise as inhibitors of atherosclerosis, while sparing tissue-protective classical chemokine pathways. In this review, we summarize the pros and cons of anti-MIF protein strategies and discuss their molecular characteristics and receptor specificities with a focus on cardiovascular disease.
Total Articular Knee Replacement Using Polyurethane
Authors: Pritchett James W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study reviewed the early use of polyurethane for total knee resurfacing, the long-term results of polycarbonate urethane (PCU) for total knee replacement and conducted wear simulator testing of PCU. In 1959 and 1960, 10 patients underwent total articular polyurethane knee replacement (polyethylene was not available). The polyurethane was placed on the articular surface of the femur with metal surfaces on the tibia and patella. In 1996 and 1997, four patients received a newer PCU tibial insert in revision procedures; all had well-fixed prostheses, but no revision polyethylene implants were available. In addition, this study evaluated six new PCU tibial inserts in a 10-million cycle (Mc) wear simulator. All 10 of the early knees performed well clinically and 2 knees were functional for more than 30 years. Of the four more recent patients, all knees remain functional at more than 20 years' follow-up with no signs of wear or osteolysis. Wear simulator testing found mean material loss of 14.2 mg/Mc which equates to a volumetric wear of 11.9 mg/Mc, similar to the wear of conventional polyethylene. Polyurethane performs well as conventional polyethylene but not better than current cross-linked polyethylene tibial inserts. Its large wear particles (mean, 11 µm) and biocompatibility are less likely to cause an inflammatory response leading to pain and bone loss. Newer, superior polyurethanes can again be considered a candidate material for the tibial insert of a total knee replacement. A larger study may be able to validate polyurethane as an alternative material for joint replacement.
A Multicentered Randomized Study on Early versus Rescue Calsurf Administration for the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Infants
Authors: Rong Zhihui , Chang Liwen , Cheng Hongbin , Wang Huizhen , Zhu Xiaofang , Peng Fen , Fan Qihong , Lu Wei , Pan Rui , Xiong Li , Jiao Rong , Sun Jie , Xia Shiwen , Xie Jijian 
Published: February 2019

Objective Surfactant and noninvasive ventilation are two major strategies for the treatment of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). However, the optimal time for surfactant administering is yet controversial. This study compared the early and rescue Calsurf administration in preterm infants with RDS.
Study Design Preterm infants born between 260/7 and 326/7 weeks of gestation and needed nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) immediately after birth were randomly assigned to the early or rescue Calsurf treatment group. In the early treatment group, neonates were intubated, administered surfactant with bag–mask ventilation, and extubated to nCPAP (INSURE [intubation–surfactant–extubation]). In the rescue treatment group, InSurE was given until the clinical manifestation and chest X-ray displayed RDS. The primary outcome was to compare the reintubation rate within 72 hour age between the two groups.
Results Among 305 neonates randomized to the early (n = 154) and rescue (n = 151) groups, the reintubation rate within 72 hours of age in these two groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). The incidence of oxygen dependence until 36 weeks' corrected age was similar in both groups.
Conclusion No differences were observed between early and rescue Calsurf treatment groups with respect to the reintubation rate within 72 hours of age and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Methemoglobinemia Associated with Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Schierz Ingrid Anne Mandy , Pinello Giuseppa , Piro Ettore , Giuffrè Mario , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: February 2019

Objective Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is a rare congenital or acquired cause of infantile cyanosis. We examined the role of MetHb in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Study Design A retrospective observational study was conducted reviewing blood gas analyses of hospitalized newborns over a 2-year period. MetHb-positive patients (MetHb >1.8%) were matched with a control group for gestational age, weight, disease, and illness severity at admission. Maternal, neonatal, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected and analyzed in both groups.
Results MetHb incidence was 6%. The mean MetHb in the case group was 7.2%, and the first positive samples were observed at a mean of 22 days of life, 6 days prior to clinical or culture-proven sepsis. We identified low maternal age (31 vs. 34 years; p = 0.038), sepsis (90 vs. 45%; p = 0.022), and protracted parenteral nutrition (46 vs. 23 days; p = 0.013) as risk factors for MetHb, and early minimal enteral feeding as protective factor (12th vs. 9th day; p = 0.038).
Conclusion MetHb has a high occurrence in NICU and can be a helpful prognostic indicator of an infectious process. Understanding and prompt identification of MetHb can allow pediatricians to implement a life-saving therapy.
Public administration in transition
Authors: Karlsson Tom 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on how common-sense knowledge is enacted by middle managers in order to make sense of contemporary public administration. Specifically, the article demonstrates how managerialization and market logics is embedded in actors’ perceptions of public administration and becomes manifested through understandings and legitimations. The article presents an analysis of conversational data from middle management positions within a Swedish government agency. The analysis demonstrates how actors categorize a traditional hierarchy together with contemporary ideas of consumerism. It is also demonstrated how actors draw on legitimations of authority and mythopoesis in order to make sense of and to understand their managerial role within the agency. As such, the article contributes to contemporary public administration literature and its discussion regarding the effects of embedding marketization logics on actor and organizational levels as well as to ethnomethodologically informed literature within the social science and humanities.
Context and text in scientific disciplines of English
Authors: Butt David G. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
As major world languages – Chinese, Spanish and Portuguese, for instance – become the medium of university
networks, it may be the right time to take stock of the influence that English has had over the way the disciplines of humanities
and sciences have been shaped, directed and evaluated, in particular in the second half of the 20th century. This paper is an
attempt to understand some of the textual, linguistic and historical determinants of Disciplinary English (DE) specifically in the
spectrum of technical subjects. DE is now a way of meaning which has become associated with objective authority. From this
association, DE has shaped our disciplinary knowledge and spread across to registers of bureaucratic and political subject matter.
The discussion also considers innovative potential in disciplinary discourses, in particular what Halliday regarded as the
“knight’s move” in text: this is the related, analogical effect of Hasan’s “symbolic
articulation” in verbal art and grammatical metaphor in the language of technical disciplines.
An exploratory account of the register of nursing textbooks
Authors: García Alexandra I. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Given the pressing issues that affect nursing education (e.g. higher attrition and plagiarism rates), this study aims to obtain
initial insight on whether nursing textbooks meet the demands of their context of situation. These demands could be listed as:
construing biomedical knowledge, establishing a pattern of evidence-based nursing practice and promoting the values of
person-centred care. For this analysis, I draw on aspects of parameters of context developed by Hasan (2004), Butt (2004) and Matthiessen (2015), and relate them to their semantic and lexicogrammatical realisation across different
metafunctions using corpus-based techniques and detailed manual analysis of short extracts. The results may suggest that nursing
textbooks may be meeting the demands of nursing as a research-based discipline but failing to model empathetic communication.
Reference tracking in Tima and its interplay with split ergative marking
Authors: Schneider-Blum Gertrud , Hellwig Birgit 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTima, a Niger-Congo language of the Sudan, shows signs of split ergativity. If its constituent order deviates from the basic AVO order to OVA order, the postverbal agent is formally marked, unlike preverbal agents. A direct object, regardless of its position relative to the verb, is never marked. Research so far has shown that ergative constructions are triggered by certain participant constellations in discourse. In particular, when the speaker keeps a non-agentive participant, more specifically a direct object, as the centre of attention in sentence-initial position, a newly introduced agent occurs postverbally and receives ergative marking. In addition, AOV and OAV constructions are attested, both involving focus marking.
Intelligent modes of imperfect governance
Authors: Bannink Duco , Trommel Willem 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, we aim to show that the treatment of wicked problems in the literature on public administration approaches is inadequate. We briefly discuss the literature on wicked problems and propose a conceptualization of wicked problems that, we think, shows the core of the problem of wicked problems. Wicked problems, we argue, are wicked because the factual and normative aspects of the issues are intertwined at actor-level. As a result, the phenomena that Rittel and Webber observed at problem level emerge. This has strong implications for public administration. Since actors are deciding on responses, a wicked problem evokes, what we call, a double governance challenge. The governance mechanisms provided in the literature on public administration approaches, also the new ones, do not provide responses to such double challenge. They either assume that actors do not build upon their own, actor-level factual and normative evaluations or that some compiled actor or supra-actor might overcome the limitations of the actors that together constitute the collective level of wicked problem response. Making such assumptions, they apparently conceptualize the wicked problem as non-wicked. Therefore, re-iterating, wicked problems are indeed wicked: solutions that implicitly conceptualize the wicked problem as non-wicked might be perfect, but seem unintelligent. A wicked problem, we argue, does not allow perfect, but instead requires imperfect, but intelligent responses. In this paper, we then discuss four such intelligently imperfect responses. They are necessarily imperfect in the sense that they cannot be considered to completely cover the problem, but intelligent in the sense that they truly acknowledge its wickedness.
A note on an effective Polish topology and Silver’s dichotomy theorem
Authors: Sami Ramez 
Published: February 2019

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We define a Polish topology inspired from the Gandy-Harrington topology and show how it can be used to prove Silver’s dichotomy theorem while remaining in the Polish realm.

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In this topology, a

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equivalence decomposes into a “sum” of a clopen relation and a meager one.

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We characterize it as the largest regular topology with a basis included in

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.