bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality rates in radical cystectomy patients with bladder cancer after radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: de Angelis Mario , Siech Carolin , Di Bello Francesco , Rodriguez Peñaranda Natali , Goyal Jordan A. , Tian Zhe , Longo Nicola , Chun Felix K.H. , Puliatti Stefano , Saad Fred , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Gandaglia Giorgio , Moschini Marco , Longoni Mattia , Montorsi Francesco , Briganti Alberto , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo conduct a population‐based study examining cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) and other‐cause mortality (OCM) differences in patients with radiation‐induced secondary bladder cancer (RT‐BCa) vs those with primary bladder cancer (pBCa) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004–2020), we identified patients with T2–4N0–3M0 bladder cancer treated with RC, who had previously been treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy for prostate cancer, as well as patients with T2–4N0–3M0 pBCa treated with RC. Cumulative incidence plots and multivariable competing risks regression (CRR) models were used to assess CSM after additional adjustment for OCM. The same methodology was then repeated based on organ‐confined (OC: T2N0M0) and non‐organ‐confined (NOC: T3–4 and/or N1–3) disease.ResultsOf 9957 RC patients, RT‐BCa was identified in 347 (3%) compared with 9610 (97%) who had pBCa. In multivariable CRR models, no CSM differences were recorded in the overall comparison (P = 0.8), nor in sub‐groups based on OC and NOC disease (P = 0.8 and 0.7, respectively). Conversely, multivariable CRR models identified RT‐BCa as an independent predictor of 1.3‐fold higher OCM in the overall cohort and of 1.5‐fold higher OCM in those with NOC disease. In a sensitivity analysis of patients with NOC disease, EBRT was associated with higher OCM rates (hazard ratio 1.5). By contrast, OCM rates were not different in those with OC disease (P = 0.8).ConclusionOur study showed that RC for RT‐BCa was associated with similar CSM rates as RC for pBCa, regardless of disease stage. However, patients who had undergone EBRT exhibited significantly higher OCM in the NOC sub‐group.
Finally, some hope. Communicating systemic aspects of climate‐change mitigation
Authors: Astrup Jens , Massey Zachary B. , Li Yachao , Popova Lucy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClimate communication, including from museums, often advocates individual lifestyle changes, and while these are necessary, the biggest emissions reductions will come from the systemic transition to renewable energy sources. The importance of this systemic change and its attainability has been under‐communicated in the public discourse, although bodies like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have increased their focus on it. We tested a message focusing on systemic aspects and actions that individuals can do to accelerate the renewable energy transition against a message advocating lifestyle change and a neutral message on the science of climate change. The neutral message elicited the highest levels of negative emotions, whereas the systemic message elicited higher levels of hope. These higher hope levels mediated increased behavioral intentions for doing the suggested system‐aimed actions and for making lifestyle changes. Our results suggest that museums and climate communicators should prominently feature systemic aspects of climate change mitigation.
ABO Blood Type and Short‐Term Mortality in Patients With Infection‐Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Flæng Simon , Granfeldt Asger , Adelborg Kasper , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a devastating disease of the coagulation system. We examined the association between ABO blood type and short‐term mortality in patients with infection‐associated DIC.MethodsThe study cohort was drawn from the Danish Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DANDIC) cohort. Our subcohort was restricted to patients with infection‐associated DIC. All‐cause 30‐day and 90‐day mortality were computed by Kaplan–Meier estimates and odds ratios between ABO blood types were examined using logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and location of infection. Blood type O was used as a reference.ResultsThe DANDIC cohort included 3023 patients with DIC. Among these, 1853 (61%) had infection‐associated DIC. Data on ABO blood type were unavailable in 34 patients (1.8%), who were excluded. The median age was 68 years and 58.2% were males. The 30‐day mortality ranged between 38.6% and 42.5% and the 30‐day mortality odds ratios were 1.15 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92–1.42) for blood type A; 0.84 (95% CI, 0.49–1.43) for AB; and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.67–1.33) for B compared to blood type O.ConclusionsWe found no clinically meaningful difference in short‐term mortality between the various ABO blood types in patients with infection‐associated DIC.
Kant on Self‐Legislation as the Foundation of Duty*
Authors: Eckert‐Kuang Bennett 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDuties to oneself are central to Kant's moral thought. Indeed, in his Lectures on Ethics, he claims that they “take first place, and are the most important of all” (LE: 27:341). Despite this, Kant is not clear about what they are or why they are ‘the most important.’ What is it for a duty to be owed to oneself? And in what sense do such duties ‘take first place’? I answer these questions: a duty to oneself is a self‐legislated duty, and they ‘take first place’ in that all ethical duties are, fundamentally, duties to oneself. Based on a close reading of Kant's “Apparent Antinomy” regarding duties to oneself in The Doctrine of Virtue §§1–3, I argue that Kant holds that (1) a duty is owed to its legislator, and (2) all duties are self‐legislated. I then argue that this interpretation is further supported by Kant's understanding of the Categorical Imperative as a “principle of autonomy” in the Groundwork (G: 4:433). I conclude by offering an interpretation of the Categorical Imperative on which even though all duties are ultimately owed to oneself, there remains an important sense in which some duties are owed to others as well.
Progress towards the identification and improvement of dispersive soils: A review
Authors: Zhang Xudong , Liu Zhongxu , Han Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDispersive soils, characterized by their poor resistance to water erosion and high sodium ion concentrations, pose a significant threat to both engineering and agricultural activities. Thus, the identification and improvement of dispersive soils are of paramount importance. There are several theories regarding the causes of soil dispersion, with the prevailing view attributing it to the expansion of the electrical double layer induced by sodium ions, which subsequently reduces the cohesion between soil particles. As a result, sodium indicators such as exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), percentage sodium (PS), and sodium adsorption rate (SAR) are commonly employed in the identification of dispersive soils. Currently, in efforts to improve dispersive soils for both engineering and agricultural purposes, chemical and biological agents are being added to enhance the soil's erosion resistance and regulate the concentration of sodium ions. Although numerous reviews have been conducted on the identification and improvement of dispersive soils, they tend to focus on the identification methods and the types of improvers, often overlooking the applicability of identification methods, the economic costs and environmental impacts of improvers. In practical improvement, the accuracy of soil identification must be ensured first and foremost. The selection of improvers should not only prioritise efficacy but also undergo thorough analysis and evaluation from multiple perspectives. This paper, therefore, reviews the advantages and disadvantages of various identification methods and assesses the differences among improvers from economic and environmental standpoints, providing a comprehensive theoretical basis for the improvement of dispersive soils.
Postural control in episodic ataxia type 2: no evidence for increased vestibular excitability
Authors: von der Gablentz Janina , Overbeeke Nina , Timmann Dagmar , Ganos Christos , Synofzik Matthis , Brüggemann Norbert , Helmchen Christoph , Sprenger Andreas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and purposePatients with episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) suffer from recurrent paroxysmal episodes of vertigo and oscillopsia. Pathophysiologically, altered neuronal excitability has been suspected. Vestibular excitability in 22 EA2 patients and 22 age‐matched healthy participants was compared.MethodsGalvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was used to assess vestibular excitability by vestibular motion perception thresholds and mean postural sway velocity during various visual and proprioceptive conditions in the two groups. Control stimuli using sham and no GVS were established to identify the specificity of GVS‐induced postural sway.ResultsIn the baseline condition, EA2 patients showed larger postural instability. However, motion perception thresholds and the increase in mean postural sway velocity during vestibular stimulation (stimulation ratio) did not differ between groups. Postural sway during suprathreshold GVS increased with the vestibular motion perception threshold in EA2 patients, in contrast to healthy participants.ConclusionsThe larger postural unsteadiness of EA2 patients probably reflects their progressive cerebellar degeneration. It is not related to abnormal visual (Romberg's ratio) or proprioceptive control of stance. Postural unsteadiness during vestibular stimulation does not indicate altered vestibular excitability in EA2 patients. However, vestibular stimulation increasingly destabilized postural control of EA2 patients with higher motion perception thresholds when proprioceptive information was diminished. This conclusion, however, is restricted to the postural control of EA2 patients in the interval between the vestibulo‐cerebellar episodes.
CAPTURE—Computational Analysis and Predictive Techniques for Urban Resource Efficiency
Authors: Canzaniello Marzia , Izzo Stefano , Chiaro Diletta , Longo Antonella , Piccialli Francesco 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMunicipal waste management (MWM) poses significant challenges in the context of rapid urbanisation and population growth. Accurate forecasting of waste production is crucial for designing sustainable waste management strategies. However, traditional forecasting methods often struggle to capture the complexities of waste generation dynamics. This paper proposes a novel methodology leveraging deep learning techniques to forecast municipal waste production. By harnessing the power of deep neural networks, our approach transcends the limitations of conventional models, providing more accurate and impactful predictions. We integrate heterogeneous data sources, including demographic and territorial information, into a comprehensive graph representation of municipalities. Graph Neural Networks are then employed to extract intricate spatial and temporal patterns from the graph structure. Empirical validation through a case study in the Apulia region demonstrates the effectiveness of our methodology in furnishing accurate forecasts for waste production. Our framework is adaptable and scalable, making it suitable for application across diverse geographical areas. This research contributes to advancing waste management practices by providing stakeholders with actionable insights for informed decision‐making.
Monetary Value of Surf Zone Fishery Resources on the SouthWest Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Rodríguez‐García Carlos , Sarmiento‐Carbajal Jesica , Gonçalves Neto José Belquior , Cabrera‐Castro Remedios 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBeaches are among the world's most important coastal ecosystems, within which surf zones are crucial providers of essential ecosystem services to humans. We completed the first estimate of current and potential monetary value of fishery resources in surf zones of beaches on the southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Over 1 year, five beaches in the Gulf of Cádiz were sampled using a beach seine. For monetary valuation, average first‐sale prices were used, with a capital update based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The 189.16 kg of 38 commercial species captured had a potential monetary value (PMV) of 408.63 €/ha. The annual value of adult fish (19 species) averaged 115.05 €/ha and juvenile fish (33 species) averaged 293.58 €/ha. Our findings highlight the value of surf zones and beaches as fishery resources, similar to other marine ecosystems. Our findings are useful for ongoing monitoring and research to enhance knowledge of these areas and the array of ecosystem services they provide.
Analysis of the Informational Content of Turkish Videos on YouTube About Tooth Brushing
Authors: Ozdemir Busra , Ozdemir Seyit Bilal , Karadeniz Betul Kubra Kurucu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionTo examine the content of Turkish videos on YouTube about tooth brushing and to evaluate their usefulness in providing information to the public.MethodsTwo keywords were determined using the website Google Trends. For each keyword, the top 100 most watched videos were determined according to the searches made on YouTube and a total of 200 videos were examined. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 99 videos were included in the study. The URL address of each video included, the number of views, the number of likes, the number of dislikes, the duration of the video, the time elapsed since the upload date (days) and whether the videos was narrated by a dentist, commercial institution or individual user was recorded. In addition, the interaction index and viewing rates of the videos were calculated. The contents of the videos included were evaluated by a specialist dentist.ResultsBased on the evaluation of the information content of the videos, 54.5% of them contained minimal information, 38.4% poor information, 5.1% good information and 2% excellent information. The two videos containing excellent information include 10 of the 12 topics evaluated and both videos are narrated by a dentist.ConclusionTurkish videos about tooth brushing on YouTube are insufficient in terms of content and accurate information. For this reason, individuals should be directed to professional sources in order to receive accurate and up‐to‐date information, and dentists should share videos containing sufficient content and quality information on this platform.
Can money buy peace? Efficiency of side‐payments to avoid costly conflicts
Authors: Kim Jubin , Kim Young‐Han 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOn the basis of a simple two‐player bargaining game model, we investigate whether a side‐payment strategy can be used to avoid costly conflicts caused by informational barriers. Assuming that utility is transferable with zero transaction cost, we demonstrate that a side‐payment not only provides the incentives to play a peaceful strategy but also contributes to overcoming informational barriers as credible signals. In addition, we show that when actions are strategic complements, a dovish player pays a larger side‐payment while a hawkish pays a higher side‐payment if actions are strategic substitutes. When negotiating parties are homogeneous with actions being either strategic complements or substitutes for both players, it is more likely that informational barriers can be removed with a higher probability of peace equilibrium. When players are asymmetric with one player's actions being strategic complements while the other player's being strategic substitutes, informational barriers might not be removed with higher chances of costly conflicts.
Overview on Hereditary Spherocytosis Diagnosis
Authors: Polizzi A. , Dicembre L. P. , Failla C. , Matola T. Di , Moretti M. , Ranieri S. Chiatamone , Papa F. , Cenci A. M. , Buttarello M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionHereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a congenital haemolytic disorder, resulting from plasma membrane protein deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs). Typical pathological signs are anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly; in newborns, jaundice is the main symptom.Material and MethodsThis study focused on the state of art about the HS diagnosis, from traditional to innovative methods, including diagnostic algorithms that can be applied for pediatric and adult patients, for different laboratory diagnostic levels.ResultsThe first erythrocyte parameters used for HS diagnosis were the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW); nowadays new parameters are used in blood cell counter. Advia analyzers (Siemens Medical Solutions) supply the hyper‐dense cell percentage (% Hyper), which reflects the red blood cells hyperchromia. Sysmex instruments (i.e. XT‐4000i, XE‐5000, XN‐Series) provide the MicroR, that is the percentage of erythrocytes smaller than 60 fL, Hypo‐He, which is the percentage of erythrocytes with a content of hemoglobin less than 17 pg and % Hyper‐He, which represents the percentage of RBC with cellular hemoglobin content higher than 49 pg. CELL‐DYN Sapphire (Abbott Diagnostics) introduced the HPR parameter (% HPR), which represents the erythrocytes with hemoglobin > 410 g/L. Beckman Coulter instruments supply the mean sphered corpuscular volume (MSCV), which is the average volume of all erythrocytes, including mature erythrocytes and reticulocytes. Other reference tests for screening and diagnosis of HS are the acidified glycerol lysis test (AGLT), the eosin‐5‐maleimide (EMA) binding test and genetic testing by next‐generation sequencing.ConclusionsThe diagnostic workup of hereditary spherocytosis could be improved thanks to all the available tests, including new molecular tools. However, it requires synergy between clinicians and laboratory staff, evaluating clinical manifestations, all available data related to the disease and the prognosis to fill the diagnostic gaps in the near future.
Algorithmic Bias in BERT for Response Accuracy Prediction: A Case Study for Investigating Population Validity
Authors: Gorgun Guher , Yildirim‐Erbasli Seyma N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPretrained large language models (LLMs) have gained popularity in recent years due to their high performance in various educational tasks such as learner modeling, automated scoring, automatic item generation, and prediction. Nevertheless, LLMs are black box approaches where models are less interpretable, and they may carry human biases and prejudices because historical human data have been used for pretraining these large‐scale models. For these reasons, the prediction tasks based on LLMs require scrutiny to ensure that the prediction models are fair and unbiased. In this study, we used BERT—a pretrained encoder‐only LLM for predicting response accuracy using action sequences extracted from the 2012 PIAAC assessment. We selected three countries (i.e., Finland, Slovakia, and the United States) representing different performance levels in the overall PIAAC assessment. We found promising results for predicting response accuracy using the fine‐tuned BERT model. Additionally, we examined algorithmic bias in the prediction models trained with different countries. We found differences in model performance, suggesting that some trained models are not free from bias, and thus the models are less generalizable across countries. Our results highlighted the importance of investigating algorithmic fairness in prediction models utilizing algorithmic systems to ensure models are bias‐free.
Turkish validity and reliability of the universal mental health literacy scale for adolescents (10‐14 years): A methodological study
Authors: Uysal Gülzade , Semerci Remziye , Şengün Rukiye , Düzkaya Duygu Sönmez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleMental health literacy enables adolescents to acquire information that will accompany them in their future lives and to define their attitudes and behaviors.Aims and ObjectivesThis study evaluated the Turkish validity and reliability of the Universal Mental Health Literacy Scale for Adolescents (10–14 years).MethodsThis is a methodological, correlational, cross‐sectional, and descriptive study. The study was conducted with 223 adolescents. Data were collected by ‘Information Form’ and ‘Universal Mental Health Literacy Scale for Adolescents.’ Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Pearson Correlation analysis were used to assess the validity and reliability of the UMHL‐A.ResultsItem Content Validity Index (I‐CVI) scores ranged from 0.94 to 0.96, while the Scale Content Validity Index (S‐CVI) was 0.95. For ‘Help‐seeking and Stigma dimensions’ χ2/df = 3.347, NFI = 0.804, IFI = 0.854, TLI = 0.778, CFI = 0.849, RMSEA = 0.103. For ‘Knowledge of Mental Health and Knowledge of Mental Illnesses dimensions’ χ2/df = 1.959, NFI = 0.731, IFI = 0.847, TLI = 0.774, CFI = 0.837, RMSEA = 0.066. The internal consistency and time stability were affirmed by a Hotelling T‐square value of 15.241 and an F‐test result of 27.793.ConclusionsThis study reveals that the Turkish validity and reliability of the Universal Mental Health Literacy Scale for Adolescents is a valid and reliable tool for assessing mental health literacy among adolescents. The UMHL‐A scale is a valid tool to evaluate critical aspects of mental health literacy in adolescent populations and can be used in both research and clinical practice in mental health education and intervention. It is recommended that the Turkish version of the Universal Mental Health Literacy Scale should be used to determine resilience in adolescents.
A New Indicator of Common Wage Inflation
Authors: AHN HIE JOO , CHEN HAN , KISTER MICHAEL 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe develop a new indicator of common wage inflation (CWI) by extracting and aggregating the common components from detailed industry‐level nominal wage data. We show that the CWI is better aligned with the unemployment rate gap for the post‐Great Recession period than are other indicators of wage inflation. The CWI indicates a tighter economy than popularly cited wage measures during the expansion after the Great Recession, and the industry‐specific factors largely account for the subdued wage growth despite the continued tightening in the labor market.
Monoammonium Glutamate: What Is Its Potential in the Reduction of Sodium Content in Different Food Matrices?
Authors: Rocha Renata Abadia Reis , Rocha Lenízy Cristina Reis , Gonçalves Carla Saraiva , Abrahão Fernanda Rezende , da Rocha Roney Alves , Carneiro João de Deus Souza 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of monoammonium glutamate (MAG) in reducing the sodium chloride (NaCl) content (CCRD) of food matrices, including shoestring potatoes, requeijão cheese, and beef burgers. To this end, a time intensity (TI) analysis, temporal dominance of sensations (TDSs), and acceptance tests were employed to evaluate the NaCl reduction in various food items. The TI analysis showed that all experimental units had a mean salty taste intensity that equaled or exceeded the control. The TDS profiles of shoestring potatoes and requeijão cheese and the control were similar. However, the requeijão cheese exhibited significantly lower acceptance than the controls. The food matrices influenced the potential use of MAG and the CCRD. The addition of 2% MAG to the formulation reduced the NaCl content by up to 50% in shoestring potatoes and 65% in beef burgers without compromising the temporal perception of a salty taste and sensory acceptance.