bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Killer Cell Phenotypes and Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Kahan Riley H. , Abraham Nader , Lee Hui‐Jie , Ettenger Robert B. , Grimm Paul C. , Reed Elaine F. , Reeves R. Keith , Sarwal Minnie M. , Stempora Linda L. , Warshaw Barry L. , Kirk Allan D. , Martinez Olivia M. , Chambers Eileen T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNatural killer (NK) cells have gained recognition for playing an integral role in both alloimmunity and protective immunity, particularly viral infection control, in solid organ transplantation. Using data from the Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation in Children (CTOTC) study entitled, “Immune Development in Pediatric Transplantation,” (NCT00951353), we aimed to identify NK cell phenotypes that were associated with viral infection versus alloreactive events during the first year after transplantation. We also examined the relationship between NK cells with 7‐year patient and allograft survival using the Scientific Registry for Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database.MethodsA secondary analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 98 children aged 1–20 years old with kidney transplants was conducted using multiparameter flow cytometry for the following NK cell phenotypes: CD56bright, CD56dim, and CD56negative. We associated these phenotypes with either viral infection or alloimmunity (de novo donor‐specific antibody (dnDSA) development or acute rejection), using Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard models for competing risks. Secondary outcomes included allograft and patient survival.ResultsWe demonstrated that specific baseline NK cell phenotypes obtained prior to transplantation may be associated with either viral infection or alloimmunity. An elevation in CD56dim frequency was associated with an increased risk of infection, while an increase in CD56negative absolute count was associated with an increased risk of an alloimmune event. NK cells were not associated with graft survival.ConclusionsNK cell phenotyping may be a useful tool to help differentiate infectious from alloimmune risk.
The first record of Gelidium divaricatum (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta) in Mexico based on a molecular and morphological approach
Authors: Quiroz‐González Nataly , Ponce‐Márquez Ma. Edith , Aguilar‐Estrada Luis Gabriel , Rodriguez Dení 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYThe species Gelidium divaricatum was originally described from Hong Kong by G. Martens (1866). Mexico did not have any records of this species until the present study. The species was found from a study for which the research objective is to evaluate specimens of Gelidium collected in Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur (the entrance to the Gulf of California) using morphological and molecular techniques, including the rbcL marker. Phylogenetic analyses using the rbcL marker revealed that the studied specimens are in the same clade of G. divaricatum from the type locality with their sequence differences being less than 0.3%, indicating that the specimens are the same species as G. divaricatum. This is the first record of the species for Mexico. The most important morphological difference was the branching pattern, which was irregular to pinnate in the Hong Kong specimens, whereas it was simple or irregular in the Mexican thalli.
Implicit affective responses to suicide‐related stimuli: Differences as a function of suicide attempt history and concurrent substance use
Authors: Grove Jeremy L. , Tunno Angela M. , Cheek Shayna M. , Weller Bridget E. , Heilbron Nicole C. , Inscoe Adrienne B. , Payne B. Keith , Tyndal Tia L. , Goldston David B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionIndividuals who are depressed, have suicide attempts, and a substance use disorder (SUD) may have different patterns of suicidal thoughts and behaviors and respond differently to cues associated with suicide and death.MethodImplicit affective reactions to visual cues suggestive of suicide and death (as well as to pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral cues), were compared among three groups of hospitalized adults: (a) depressed patients without the histories of suicidal behavior (depression only), (b) depressed patients with suicide attempts, but no current substance abuse disorder (SA), and (c) depressed patients with both suicide attempts and substance use disorder (SA + SUD).ResultsThe SA group demonstrated higher positive evaluations of visual cues associated with suicide and death when compared to the SA + SUD group. The SA + SUD group demonstrated the lowest positive evaluation of suicide‐related stimuli as well as less positive evaluation of visual cues of generally unpleasant stimuli.ConclusionDifferences observed between SA and SA + SUD participants underscore differences in responses to cues related to suicide, which may reflect differences in mechanisms of risk.
Governing Access to Nationality Through Paperwork: The Discretionary Uses of Documentation for Naturalisation in Belgium, France and the United Kingdom
Authors: Sredanovic Djordje , Fargues Émilien 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine the discretionary uses of documentation in the implementation of naturalisation through a comparative perspective focusing on Belgium, France and the United Kingdom. We investigate the organisational and professional factors that are likely to impact variation in the uses of discretion based on documentation. Belgium, France and the United Kingdom represent three interesting case studies involving different actors with different mandates. In Belgium, municipal agents are responsible for a mandatory check of applicants' documents before transferring the naturalisation application to public prosecutors. While only the latter have the mandate to check that the legal requirements are met, most municipal agents are involved in the examination of the requirements. In France, before the digitisation of nationality acquisition in 2023, the initial acceptance of an application involved prefectural agents who had the power to refuse application registration if the documentation was deemed insufficient or ‘non‐compliant’. In the United Kingdom, ‘Nationality Checking Services’ (NCS) were available until 2019 in local register offices for an optional check of the application before the transfer to the Home Office, which remains the decision‐making body on nationality applications. As United Kingdom law regulates strictly immigration advice, NCSs were often unwilling to express themselves on the chances of an application. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork consisting of interviews with implementation agents in the three countries and observations of their interactions with applicants, this paper contributes to shedding light on what drives variations in the governance of access to nationality through paperwork.
A systematic review of virtual elective programmes for medical students
Authors: McCarron Luke , Sogandji Nihal , Coakham Luke , Zhu Lun , Zhou Yuhui , Lau Edward , Smith James N. , Arora Anmol , Tulinius Charlotte 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundClinical electives are a compulsory part of many medical courses, enabling students to gain exposure to foreign health systems. The COVID‐19 pandemic led to a surge in the development in virtual elective programmes, for which there had been a sparse evidence base. This is the first systematic review assessing the implementation, advantages and disadvantages of virtual elective programmes for medical students.MethodsThe systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched, capturing results from the past 10 years for original evaluations of electives where medical students engaged in a fully virtual programme with another institution, with no restrictions on location. Descriptive, quantitative and qualitative data were extracted by two independent reviewers.ResultsFourteen articles were included for review. All the articles were published between 2020 and 2023. All studies were conducted in the United States of America. The average length of the virtual electives in the studies was 3 weeks, and a variety of teaching formats including virtual clinics, seminars and one‐on‐one meetings were implemented. Logistical considerations and challenges in delivering virtual electives included the variability in students' learning styles, reduction in patient interactions and technological challenges.DiscussionMost included studies derived that these virtual electives would play a role in the future, possibly replacing in‐person electives. Positive attributes of virtual electives included increasing diversity of social backgrounds, high student satisfaction and interest and reducing harms to the environment. However, further research is required to thoroughly evaluate the efficacy of virtual electives in medical education.
Unique structural attributes of the PSI‐NDH supercomplex in Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Opatíková Monika , Kouřil Roman 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYCyclic electron transport around photosystem I (PSI) is essential for the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus in plants under diverse light conditions. This process is primarily mediated by Proton Gradient Regulation 5 protein/Proton Gradient Regulation 5‐like photosynthetic phenotype 1 protein (PGR5/PGRL1) and NADH dehydrogenase‐like complex (NDH). In angiosperms, NDH interacts with two PSI complexes through distinct monomeric antennae, LHCA5 and LHCA6, which is crucial for its higher stability under variable light conditions. This interaction represents an advanced evolutionary stage and offers limited insight into the origin of the PSI‐NDH supercomplex in evolutionarily older organisms. In contrast, the moss Physcomitrium patens (Pp), which retains the lhca5 gene but lacks the lhca6, offers a glimpse into an earlier evolutionary stage of the PSI‐NDH supercomplex. Here we present structural evidence of the Pp PSI‐NDH supercomplex formation by single particle electron microscopy, demonstrating the unique ability of Pp to bind a single PSI in two different configurations. One configuration closely resembles the angiosperm model, whereas the other exhibits a novel PSI orientation, rotated clockwise. This structural flexibility in Pp is presumably enabled by the variable incorporation of LHCA5 within PSI and is indicative of an early evolutionary adaptation that allowed for greater diversity at the PSI‐NDH interface. Our findings suggest that this variability was reduced as the structural complexity of the NDH complex increased in vascular plants, primarily angiosperms. This study not only clarifies the evolutionary development of PSI‐NDH supercomplexes but also highlights the dynamic nature of the adaptive mechanisms of plant photosynthesis.
Global Hilbert expansion for some nonrelativistic kinetic equations
Authors: Lei Yuanjie , Liu Shuangqian , Xiao Qinghua , Zhao Huijiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Vlasov–Maxwell–Landau (VML) system and the Vlasov–Maxwell–Boltzmann (VMB) system are fundamental models in dilute collisional plasmas. In this paper, we are concerned with the hydrodynamic limits of both the VML and the noncutoff VMB systems in the entire space. Our primary objective is to rigorously prove that, within the framework of Hilbert expansion, the unique classical solution of the VML or noncutoff VMB system converges globally over time to the smooth global solution of the Euler–Maxwell system as the Knudsen number approaches zero. The core of our analysis hinges on deriving novel interplay energy estimates for the solutions of these two systems, concerning both a local Maxwellian and a global Maxwellian, respectively. Our findings address a problem in the hydrodynamic limit for Landau‐type equations and noncutoff Boltzmann‐type equations with a magnetic field. Furthermore, the approach developed in this paper can be seamlessly extended to assess the validity of the Hilbert expansion for other types of kinetic equations.
Three-Dimensional Multi-Morphology TPMS-Based Microchannel Design Method for Conformal Cooling in Injection Molding
Authors: Yang Guan-Hua , Chi Zi-Peng , Wang Qing-Hui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) possesses diverse morphological characteristics, such as pore sizes, porosity, and structural types. Integrating TPMS-based microchannels into micro-cellular cooling structures is advantageous for designing and controlling fluid characteristics within mold cooling channels. However, it is still difficult to design multi-morphology TPMS-based cooling microchannels that conform to the external shapes of injection molds. This work proposes a 3D multi-morphology TPMS-based design method that transforms 3D constraints into a combination of 2D constraints. First, a beta growth algorithm based on closed-loop constraints is proposed to transition different morphologies smoothly on the plane. Subsequently, a transition optimization algorithm along the normal direction of the plane is introduced to smoothly transition multi-morphology TPMS-based microchannels in all directions. With this layered approach, multi-morphology microchannels can be obtained with first-order geometric continuity under complex shape constraints. Finally, several TPMS-based conformal cooling structures are designed for an automotive hood cover. The results of finite element simulations show that the cooling structures generated by the proposed method have a better cooling effect than the conformal channels. It can be concluded that multi-morphology TPMS-based structures perform better by contrast with conformal channels as the average temperature of the cooling surface decreases by 8.48 K, and the standard deviation of temperature distribution decreases by 24.65%.
Investigation on the Influence of Rural Residents' Behavior Regulation on Gas-Fired Combi-Boiler Heating in Northern China
Authors: Zhou Weiye , Gao Wenxue , Yang Lijie , Lu Xinyu , Yang Lin , Ding Zequn , Zhou Chengye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There is basically no research on the impact of rural residents' behavior on heating when using gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boilers as a heat source. Two residential buildings in rural areas of Handan were selected for the study, indoor and outdoor temperatures and gas consumption were tested, and a survey of residents' behavior was conducted. The results show that the ratio of actual heat inputs to rated heat input in two buildings is 47–76% and 25–91%, indicating that the reason for the indoor temperature being lower than design temperature is not the insufficient heating capacity of the heating system, but rather the result of residents actively adjusting the combi-boilers. Resident behavior adjustment has a significant impact on the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor and gas consumption for heating. Compared to the automatic adjustment behavior mode, the maximum deviation of the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor under artificial adjustment behavior during period 1 is 59%, with an average deviation of 44%. However, the average gas consumption is reduced by 9.2%. The study reflects that rural residents actively adjust the gas-fired combi-boilers to significantly reduce the gas cost of building heating while meeting their own thermal comfort requirements.
Genetic linkage between parent granite and zoned rare metal pegmatite in the Renli-Chuanziyuan granite-pegmatite system, South China
Authors: Xiong Yi-Qu , Fan Zhi-Wei , Yu Hao-Yu , Di Hongfei , Cao Yong-Hua , Wen Chun-Hua , Jiang Shao-Yong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Elucidating the causal relationship between parent granite and pegmatite and tracing the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution and rare metal mineralization are intriguing scientific issues that remain unsolved. The Renli-Chuanziyuan granite-pegmatite field, hosted in and adjacent to the Mufushan batholith, represents a significant rare metal ore district in southern China. The field reveals well-defined regional zonation, encompassing biotite, two-mica, and muscovite monzogranites at the core, which transition outward to microcline (K-pegmatite), microcline-albite (K-Na-pegmatite), albite (Na-pegmatite), and albite-spodumene pegmatites (Na-Li-pegmatite) at the southwestern margin of the Mufushan batholith. The U-Pb ages of the columbite-tantalite (coltan) grains from the Na-Li-pegmatite samples from the Chuanziyuan deposits are 139.1 ± 1.2 Ma and 138.6 ± 1.1 Ma, which are consistent with the ages of the coltan grains from the Renli deposit, indicating contemporaneous mineralization. Chemical analyses of muscovite, garnet, and coltan from various pegmatite zones reveal a gradual increase in the degree of differentiation and volatile components of the Early Cretaceous magmatic system from north to south. Particularly noteworthy is the significant increase in the abundance of Na-Li-pegmatites to the south, signifying the transition from an early melt stage with a minor fluid component to a melt-fluid stage with a substantial volume of unmixed fluid. This evolution led to the enrichment and precipitation of Nb and Ta in the Renli deposit and of Li in the Chuanziyuan deposit, which were facilitated by the separation and exsolution of flux-rich (e.g., F, H2O) fluid. The highly evolved ca. 140 Ma muscovite monzogranite exhibits a well-defined spatial and temporal relationship with rare metal pegmatites, providing strong evidence of genetic associations. Furthermore, the geochemical characteristics of muscovite and garnet from the muscovite monzogranite overlap with those of mineralized pegmatites, further suggesting (together with the simulation study) that the muscovite monzogranite served as the parental granite of the mineralized pegmatites. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the evolution of the granite-pegmatite system, particularly in the context of rare metal exploration, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the ore-forming mechanisms of zoned rare metal pegmatites.
Research agenda for ending preventable maternal deaths from postpartum haemorrhage: a WHO research prioritisation exercise
Authors: Williams Caitlin R , Adnet Guervan , Gallos Ioannis D , Coomarasamy Arri , Gülmezoglu A Metin , Islam Md Asiful , Rushwan Sara , Widmer Mariana , Althabe Fernando , Oladapo Olufemi T 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPostpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains the leading cause of maternal death. Yet there is a lack of clarity around what research is needed to determine what works and how best to deliver proven PPH interventions. This article describes a WHO-led effort to develop a global PPH research agenda for 2023–2030, to reinvigorate research and innovation while avoiding duplication and waste.MethodsPotential questions were culled from evidence gaps in a forthcoming Lancet PPH series, a pipeline analysis on PPH medicines and devices, international PPH guidelines, previous research prioritisation efforts and submissions from a reference group of PPH experts and stakeholders. Questions were deduplicated and consolidated, categorised into three tracks (innovation, implementation and cross-cutting) and subjected to an online prioritisation survey. Survey participants (n=120) assessed these questions using five criteria (answerability, effectiveness, deliverability, maximum potential for disease burden reduction and equity) following the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology. The outcome of this exercise was complemented by an in-person consensus meeting (Global PPH Summit from 7 March 2023 to 10 March 2023 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates) to finalise the research agenda.ResultsFifteen research questions (five per track) were identified as top priority. The top question per track called for research on the comparative effectiveness and safety of alternative routes of administration (other than the intravenous route) of tranexamic acid in the treatment of PPH (innovation); identifying barriers and facilitators affecting the adoption and use of evidence-based recommendations for PPH management (implementation) and the effectiveness of a strategy of early detection and first response treatment using a bundle of recommended interventions for improving PPH-related outcomes (cross-cutting).ConclusionThis shared research agenda should guide future investments into PPH studies with high potential to transform policy and clinical practice in the near term to medium term. Funding for the new research priorities is urgently needed.
Understanding prescribing errors for system optimisation: the technology-related error mechanism classification
Authors: Raban Magdalena Z , Merchant Alison , Fitzpatrick Erin , Baysari Melissa T , Li Ling , Gates Peter , Westbrook Johanna I 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTechnology-related prescribing errors curtail the positive impacts of computerised provider order entry (CPOE) on medication safety. Understanding how technology-related errors (TREs) occur can inform CPOE optimisation. Previously, we developed a classification of the underlying mechanisms of TREs using prescribing error data from two adult hospitals. Our objective was to update the classification using paediatric prescribing error data and to assess the reliability with which reviewers could independently apply the classification.Materials and methodsUsing data on 1696 prescribing errors identified by chart review in 2016 and 2017 at a tertiary paediatric hospital, we identified errors that were technology-related. These errors were investigated to classify their underlying mechanisms using our previously developed classification, and new categories were added based on the data. A two-step process was used to identify and classify TREs involving a review of the error in the CPOE and simulating the error in the CPOE testing environment.ResultsThe technology-related error mechanism (TREM) classification comprises six mechanism categories, one contributing factor and 19 subcategories. The categories are as follows: (1) incorrect system configuration or system malfunction, (2) opening or using the wrong patient record, (3) selection errors, (4) construction errors, (5) editing errors, (6) errors that occur when using workflows that differ from a paper-based system (7) contributing factor: use of hybrid systems.ConclusionTREs remain a critical issue for CPOE. The updated TREM classification provides a systematic means of assessing and monitoring TREs to inform and prioritise system improvements and has now been updated for the paediatric setting.