bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effects of flight delays, distance, number of passengers and seasonality on revenue
Authors: Guven Murat , Calik Eyup , Cetinguc Basak , Guloglu Bulent , Calisir Fethi 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effects of flight delays, distance, number of passengers and seasonality on revenue in the Turkish air transport industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The domestic return routes of a Turkish airline company were examined to address this issue. Among five cities and six airports, 14 major domestic return routes were selected. The augmented mean group (AMG) estimator and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator were conducted with a two-way fixed effects (FE) robustness test in this study.

Findings
The results show that arrival flight delay and departure flight delay had negative effects on revenue, whereas the distance between airports, the number of air passengers and seasonality had positive effects on revenue.

Research limitations/implications
The data used in this study were retrieved from a Turkish airline company; for future research, other airline companies operating in Turkey may be included.

Practical implications
These findings could be evaluated by air transportation leaders to provide a guide to make strategic decisions to achieve greater performance in this competitive environment.

Originality/value
The originality of the paper comes from the facts that besides distance and number of passengers, the authors control for the seasonality when assessing the effects of flight delay on revenue; they use panel data techniques, which permit them to control for individual heterogeneity, and create more variability, more efficiency and less collinearity among the variables; they use two recent panel data techniques, CCEMG and AMG, allowing for cross-section dependence.
Optimization of Ti-6Al-4V/AISI304 diffusion bonding process parameters using RSM and PSO algorithm
Authors: Arun Negemiya A. , Rajakumar S. , Balasubramanian V. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an empirical relationship for predicting the strength of titanium to austenitic stainless steel fabricated by diffusion bonding (DB) process. Process parameters such as bonding pressure, bonding temperature and holding time play the main role in deciding the joint strength.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, three-factors, five-level central composite rotatable design was used to conduct the minimum number of experiments involving all the combinations of parameters.

Findings
An empirical relationship was developed to predict the lap shear strength (LSS) of the joints incorporating DB process parameters. The developed empirical relationship was optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The optimized value discovered through PSO was compared with the response surface methodology (RSM). The joints produced using bonding pressure of 14 MPa, bonding temperature of 900°C and holding time of 70 min exhibited a maximum LSS of 150.51 MPa in comparison with other joints. This was confirmed by constructing response graphs and contour plots.

Originality/value
Optimizing the DB parameters using RSM and PSO, PSO gives an accurate result when compared with RSM. Also, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to identify the most influencing parameter for the DB process.
Synthesis of novel biologically active thiazole dyes and their applications
Authors: Abu-Melha Sraa 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aims to focus on the possibility of developing new thiazole azo dyes with good colouristic application properties, biological and pharmacological activities.

Design/methodology/approach
Coupling of curcumin with different aromatic diazonium salts of 2-amino thiazole derivatives, such as 2-aminobenzothiazole, 2-amino-5-phenylthiazole, 2-amino-5-methylthiazole and 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole-produced novel azo dyes. Structures of all synthesised dyes were fully confirmed via spectroscopic and analytical methods. Those compounds were examined for their antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activities. They were applied on polyester fabrics and, subsequently, their dyeing properties, light, washing, perspiration, rubbing and sublimation fastness were determined.

Findings
Prepared dyestuffs were suitable for dyeing polyester fabrics. It was found that all prepared dyes possess high colour strength, as well as good overall fastness properties. Meanwhile, the synthesised compounds exhibited good biological and pharmacology activity.

Research limitations/implications
Synthesis of these four azo dyes for textile dyeing was not conveyed earlier.

Practical implications
Thaizolyl disperse dyes were responsible for giving better colour assessment and fastness properties on polyester fabrics.

Social implications
Although, most of synthesis eco-friendly dyes are expensive, they are showing a good antimicrobial and anticancer activity.

Originality/value
It gave straightforward approach to synthesise novel thiazolyl azo dyes with good biological, pharmacology activities, good colour assessment, and fastness properties.
Difficulties in being responsible institutional investors: evidencefrom Malaysia
Authors: Annuar Hairul Azlan 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether institutional investors in Malaysia faced limitations when they are involved in the corporate governance of their investee companies.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach, consisting of a series of interviews with senior investment managers of different type of institutional investors, was chosen. In total, 18 interviews were conducted over a period of two months, which is thought to sufficiently provide the answers to the research purpose.FindingsThe interviews revealed there are difficulties in monitoring all investee companies due to lack of time and resources. Traditional measures such as company financial performance and dividend policy, continued to be favored and rigorously monitored. The overdependence on hard criteria may be a result of a culture of overly rewarding beneficiaries and a lack of expertise in being involved in specialized company areas such as strategy. Strict regulations hamper effort to be more involved in governing investee companies.Research limitations/implicationsThe research used interviews and generalization may become an issue. In addition, access to many managers depended on recommendations, and the respondents are selected to represent the different types of institutional investors.Originality/valueInvestigation into factors that may limit institutional investors’ involvement in corporate governance in Malaysian public listed companies, especially from a more qualitative viewpoint, is lacking. In addition, this paper advances the understanding of shareholder activism by adding to the literature by exploring the issue in a specific emerging markets context.
An Empirical Analysis of Competition in Print Advertising among Paid and Free Newspapers
Authors: Brooke Geoffrey , Cheung Lydia 
Published: June 2019

This paper examines competition in the print newspaper advertising market in New Zealand, which involves paid daily and free weekly titles. This is the first study to explore how different ownership structures across two newspaper segments affect the competitive forces in local geographic markets. We do so by constructing an original dataset of advertising rates. Our analysis has particular relevance in light of the Commerce Commission's recent rejection of the proposed NZME–Fairfax merger, and Fairfax's subsequent closure of 15 newspaper titles. We find strong evidence for competition between overlapping free weekly suburban titles. It is associated with an 11 per cent decrease in the tabloid full‐page display advertising rate. We also find evidence of joint profit maximisation between co‐owned free weeklies and paid dailies. Our results support the Commission's decision and crucially imply that small and large display advertisements in free weekly titles constitute two separate markets with different clients. The large display ad market also includes advertising in paid daily titles. This market is competitive and would probably have suffered had the merger been permitted.
Review article: A primer for clinical researchers in the emergency department: Part X. Understanding economic evaluation alongside emergency medicine research
Authors: Singh Sonia , Cheek John A , Babl Franz E , Hoch Jeffrey S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this series we address research topics in emergency medicine. While traditionally there was an almost exclusive focus on the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions in emergency research, analysis of the costs and the societal impact of different approaches and pathways have become increasingly important. In this paper we will address what health economics means and discuss the different types and key features of economic evaluation relevant for clinical researchers.
Does fluid bolus therapy increase blood pressure in children with sepsis?
Authors: Long Elliot , Babl Franz E , Oakley Ed , Hopper Sandy , Sheridan Bennett , Duke Trevor ,   on behalf of the Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT)
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the effect of fluid bolus therapy (FBT) on blood pressure in children with sepsis. Secondary outcomes included the effect of FBT on systemic vascular resistance, shock index and shock phenotype (warm or cold).MethodsThis was a prospective observational study in the ED of The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. Participants were children meeting international consensus criteria for sepsis who received FBT for tachycardia or hypotension. FBT was defined as 10–20 mL/kg of 0.9% saline. Mean blood pressure (MBP) was recorded at baseline, 5 and 60 min after FBT. Total systemic vascular resistance index (TSVRi), shock index, and shock phenotype were derived for each time point. Hypotension was defined as MBP <55 + 1.5 × age (years). Warm shock was defined as TSVRi <800 dyne s/cm5/m2.ResultsFifty fluid boluses were recorded in 41 children. Median MBP was 78 mmHg (interquartile range [IQR] 63–86) at baseline, 72 mmHg (IQR 60–82) at 5 min, and 75 mmHg (IQR 66–84) at 60 min. Hypotension was observed in 16% at baseline, 26% at 5 min and 17% at 60 min. Median TSVRi was 1580 dyne s/cm5/m2 (IQR 1242–2206) at baseline, 1254 dyne s/cm5/m2 (IQR 1027–1787) at 5 min, and 1850 dyne s/cm5/m2 (IQR 1265–2140) at 60 min. Median shock index was 1.60 (IQR 1.34–1.90) at baseline, 1.49 (IQR 1.25–1.76) at 5 min and 1.37 (IQR 1.22–1.61) at 60 min. Two percent of cases had warm shock at baseline, 12% at 5 min and 2% at 60 min.ConclusionsMBP initially decreased following FBT for paediatric sepsis, returning towards baseline over the subsequent 60 min. The utility of FBT for increasing MBP and its effect on patient‐centred outcomes in children with sepsis warrants further exploration.
Plasma Exchange Therapy to Reduce Mortality in Japanese Patients With Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage and Microscopic Polyangiitis
Authors: Abe Yoshiyuki , Yamaji Ken , Endo Yukari , Kusaoi Makio , Nakano Soichiro , Yang Kwang‐Seok , Tada Kurisu , Tsuda Hiroshi , Tamura Naoto 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDiffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is well known as a serious complication of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). We examined the effectiveness of plasma exchange (PLEX) therapy to reduce mortality in Japanese DAH patients with MPA. This retrospective, double‐center, observational cohort study included 20 DAH patients with MPA who were admitted to Juntendo University Hospital or Juntendo Koto Geriatric Medical Center between April 1998 and March 2018. The primary outcome was non–disease‐specific mortality. The 1‐year survival rate of patients with PLEX therapy (N = 4) was higher than that of patients with conventional therapy (N = 16, 75% and 13%, respectively, P = 0.037). Higher values of the 1996 Five‐Factor Score (FFS) and 2009 FFS were associated with increased mortality, with hazard ratios of 2.29 (P = 0.040) and 2.41 (P = 0.043), respectively, by Cox univariate analysis. We investigated PLEX therapy for reducing mortality in DAH patients with MPA, and the 1996 FFS and 2009 FFS were both independent prognostic factors.
Defining and quantifying preventable and non‐preventable hospital‐acquired malnutrition—A cohort study
Authors: Cheng Joyce , Witney‐Cochrane Kiah , Cunich Michelle , Ferrie Suzie , Carey Sharon 
Published: June 2019

AimTo define and quantify hospital‐acquired malnutrition, including the concept of preventable and non‐preventable malnutrition; and identify the main causes of preventable malnutrition. Furthermore, demonstrate potential cost‐savings for a quaternary hospital in Sydney (Australia) if a theoretical model of preventable malnutrition was applied to the penalties associated with hospital‐acquired malnutrition, compared to the current government framework.MethodsA retrospective audit was conducted on electronic medical records reassessing cases of hospital‐acquired malnutrition previously identified by dietitians or medical coders. Costs were calculated using the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority's (IHPA) pricing principles for hospital‐acquired complications (version 3, 2018).ResultsTwenty‐three patients of 15 419 admissions were identified with hospital‐acquired malnutrition in the 3‐month study period. Sixteen cases (70%) were classified as preventable, two cases (9%) were classified as non‐preventable, and five cases were non‐hospital‐acquired cases of malnutrition. Under the IHPA proposed costing model, total cost of all hospital‐acquired malnutrition to the hospital is estimated to be $162 600 over 3 months. The theoretical model of preventable malnutrition resulted in a cost penalty of only $98 600, which is a hospital cost‐saving of $64 000 (or 40% of the overall penalty) when compared to the current government framework.ConclusionsThe majority of hospital‐acquired malnutrition cases were found to have a preventable component. It is proposed that a costing model that penalises hospitals for only preventable hospital‐acquired malnutrition be considered, which would permit hospitals to focus on addressing preventable (and thus actionable) causes of hospital‐acquired malnutrition with not only potential health benefits to patients but cost‐savings to hospitals.
Are some sectors more “youth friendly” than others? Employment regimes, sectors, and gender disparities in the Great Recession
Authors: O'Reilly Jacqueline , Grotti Raffaele , Russell Helen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDespite national differences in youth employment, many countries share striking similarities in the uneven sectoral distribution of job opportunities for young women and men in Europe. A shift‐share analysis of European Labour Force data identifies “youth‐friendly” sectors, how this varies between countries, and how this changed during the Great Recession. This reveals how youth job opportunities were lost because the sector shrank or because employers were less likely to offer full‐time, permanent contracts. New jobs for youth were more likely to be in part‐time and temporary employment. Youth vulnerability to unemployment is contingent not only on employers' engagement with institutions shaping school‐to‐work transitions but also on gender segregation and to the fact that some sectors have been particularly fragile during the economic crisis. Future research needs to link institutional effects with employers' business strategies to understand how these shape job opportunities for young women and men.
CRISPR/Cas9‐enhanced ssDNA recombineering for Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Aparicio Tomás , de Lorenzo Víctor , Martínez‐García Esteban 
Published: June 2019

SummaryImplementation of single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) recombineering in Pseudomonas putida has widened the range of genetic manipulations applicable to this biotechnologically relevant bacterium. Yet, the relatively low efficiency of the technology hampers identification of mutated clones lacking conspicuous phenotypes. Fortunately, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 as a device for counterselection of wild‐type sequences helps to overcome this limitation. Merging ssDNA recombineering with CRISPR/Cas9 thus enables a suite of genomic edits with a straightforward approach: a CRISPR plasmid provides the spacer DNA sequence that directs the Cas9 nuclease ribonucleoprotein complex to cleave the genome at the wild‐type sequences that have not undergone the change entered by the mutagenic ssDNA oligonucleotide(s). This protocol describes a complete workflow of the method optimized for P. putida, although it could in principle be applicable to many other pseudomonads. As an example, we show the deletion of the edd gene that encodes one key enzyme that operates the EDEMP cycle for glucose metabolism in P. putida EM42. By combining two incompatible CRISPR plasmids with different antibiotic selection markers, we show that the procedure can be cycled to implement consecutive deletions in the same strain, e.g. deletion of the pyrF gene following that of the edd mutant. This approach adds to the wealth of genetic technologies available for P. putida and strengthens its status as a chassis of choice for a suite of biotechnological applications.
MEMORY, POSTMEMORY, AND PLACE IN THE SYNAGOGUES OF ROMAN SYRIA
Authors: STERN KAREN B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConsiderations of Jews in antiquity commonly emphasize the role of common institutions (such as the Jerusalem Temple) and shared traumatic experiences (such as exile) in generating distinctive modes of memory formation and memorialization. This paper takes a different approach. By drawing from recent discussions of memory and postmemory developed in the fields of sociology, anthropology, and visual studies, and by considering diverse data from wall paintings, ceiling decorations, inscriptions, graffiti, and mosaics, the ensuing analysis demonstrates how variegated were the practices and dynamics of memory among Jews living in Roman Syria and elsewhere. Asking different types of questions about memorial practices documented in synagogues and surrounding buildings in Dura-Europos and Apamea challenges regnant assumptions about commonalities in Jewish memory and argues for a more localized and spatial approach to Jewish memory practices, the dynamics of which were as personal as they were collective, and as particular as they were locally contingent.
HELIOPOLIS: COINS, TEMPLES, AND SIGHT LINES
Authors: BUTCHER KEVIN 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRecent research on the temples at Roman Heliopolis (Baalbek in modern Lebanon) has emphasized visual links between architectural elements within and between the sanctuaries. This paper explores the ways in which the representations of the temples and sanctuaries on the civic coinage of Heliopolis can contribute to this debate. The civic coins are here understood as objects which helped to construct identity and communal memory in the city that issued them.
Discriminative Stimulus Effects and Metabolism of Ethanol in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Allen Daicia C. , Grant Kathleen A. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundAnimal models are an essential feature of drug and pharmacotherapy development for treating alcohol use disorders (AUDs). The rhesus macaque is a robust animal model for many aspects of AUDs particularly in exploiting individual differences in oral self‐administration of ethanol (EtOH), endocrine orchestration of stress response, and menstrual cycle characteristics. However, the clearance rates of EtOH have not been reported in this species, and the GABAA and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor involvement in EtOH's discriminative stimulus effects has not been fully characterized.MethodsEtOH clearance rates following 2 doses of EtOH on separate days (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg, i.g.) were determined in 8 young adult male rhesus macaques. The EtOH was given by nasogastric gavage, and repeated blood samples were taken over 5 hours without sedation. Next, all subjects were trained on a 2‐choice 1.0 g/kg EtOH (i.g.) versus water discrimination with a 60‐minutes pretreatment period to capture peak blood EtOH concentration (BEC). Substitution testing was conducted with GABAA ligands pentobarbital (i.g. and i.m.) and midazolam (i.g.), as well as NMDA antagonist MK‐801 (i.m.).ResultsPeak BECs were 34 and 87 mg/dl for 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg doses, respectively, and occurred at 66 and 87 minutes following gavage. All GABAA and NMDA ligands tested resulted in responding on the EtOH‐appropriate lever with the potency ranking of MK‐801 (ED50: 0.017 mg/kg) > midazolam (ED50: 1.6 mg/kg) > pentobarbital (ED50: 3.7 mg/kg) > EtOH (ED50: 700 mg/kg, or 0.7 g/kg) in these subjects.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the compound discriminative stimulus effects of EtOH are highly consistent across species, providing further support for the rhesus macaque as strong model for pharmacotherapy development for AUD.
S100A8, which increases with age, induces cellular senescence‐like changes in bovine oviduct epithelial cells
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Iwata Hisataka , Kuwayama Takehito , Shirasuna Koumei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProblemThe oviduct is an essential component in reproduction and oviduct epithelial cells (OECs) secrete various types of cytokine. However, mechanisms of aging and inflammation of OECs are unknown. We previously reported the age‐dependent functional changes of bovine OECs such that aged OECs expressed higher levels of inflammatory cytokines. We selected S100A8 and S100A9 as molecules expressed more highly in aged OECs, as candidates to induce age‐related changes, and investigated using bovine OECs.Method of studyThe OECs were isolated from bovine oviductal tissues (Aged, more than 120 months; Young, between 30 and 50 months) and cultured.ResultsAged OECs exhibited higher senescence‐associated (SA)‐β‐gal staining (a biomarker of cellular senescence) and mRNA expression of SA‐inflammatory cytokines than young OECs. Cellular senescence occurred in both young and aged OECs upon passaging the cells. Treatment with S100A8, but not S100A9, resulted in the induction of cellular senescence in bovine OECs. Both S100A8 and S100A9 stimulated the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL‐8 from bovine OECs. S100A8‐induced IL‐8 secretion was dependent on receptor RAGE, AP‐1 activation, and reactive oxygen species production. In addition, S100A8 reduced the content of collagen while inducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, suggesting the induction of dysregulation of the extracellular matrix in OECs.ConclusionWe suggest that bovine OECs recognize an excessive increase in age‐associated DAMPs, such as S100A8 and S100A9, and that these signals may contribute to chronic oviductal inflammation, resulting in infertility associated with oviductal dysfunction.