bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population imaging of neural activity in awake behaving mice in multiple brain regions
Authors: Piatkevich Kiryl D. , Bensussen Seth , Tseng Hua-an , Shroff Sanaya N. , Lopez-Huerta Violeta Gisselle , Park Demian , Jung Erica E. , Shemesh Or A. , Straub Christoph , Gritton Howard J. , Romano Michael F. , Costa Emma , Sabatini Bernardo L. , Fu Zhanyan , Boyden Edward S. , Han Xue 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA longstanding goal in neuroscience has been to image membrane voltage, with high temporal precision and sensitivity, in awake behaving mammals. Here, we report a genetically encoded voltage indicator, SomArchon, which exhibits millisecond response times and compatibility with optogenetic control, and which increases the sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and number of neurons observable, by manyfold over previous reagents. SomArchon only requires conventional one-photon microscopy to achieve these high performance characteristics. These improvements enable population analysis of neural activity, both at the subthreshold and spiking levels, in multiple brain regions – cortex, hippocampus, and striatum – of awake behaving mice. Using SomArchon, we detect both positive and negative responses of striatal neurons during movement, highlighting the power of voltage imaging to reveal bidirectional modulation. We also examine how the intracellular subthreshold theta oscillations of hippocampal neurons govern spike output, finding that nearby cells can exhibit highly correlated subthreshold activities, even as they generate highly divergent spiking patterns.
G2M splits mouse embryonic stem cells into naïve and formative pluripotency states
Authors: Jääger Kersti , Simpson Daniel , Kalantzaki Maria , Salzano Angela , Chambers Ian , Chandra Tamir 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTEmbryonic stem cells (ESCs) express heterogeneous levels of pluripotency and developmental transcription factors (TFs) and their cell cycle is unsynchronised when grown in the presence of serum. Here, we asked whether the cell cycle and developmental heterogeneities of ESCs are coordinated by determining the state identities of G1- and G2M-enriched mouse ESCs (mESCs) at single cell resolution. We found that G2M cells were not all the same and demonstrate their split into the naïve and formative (intermediate) pluripotency states marked by high or low Esrrb expression, respectively. The naïve G2M sub-state resembles ‘ground’ state pluripotency of the LIF/2i cultured mESCs. The naïve and formative G2M sub-states exist in the pre- and post-implantation stages of the mouse embryo, respectively, verifying developmental distinction. Moreover, the G2M sub-states partially match between the mouse and human ESCs, suggesting higher similarity of transcriptional control between these species in G2M. Our findings propose a model whereby G2M separates mESCs into naïve and formative pluripotency states. This concept of G2M-diverted pluripotency states provides new framework for understanding the mechanisms of pluripotency maintenance and lineage specification in vitro and in vivo, and the development of more efficient and clinically relevant reprogramming strategies.
Promoting student commitment to BIM in construction education
Authors: Olatunji Oluwole Alfred 
Published: April 2019

PurposeIndustry uptake of digital modeling is improving. Recent evidence suggests building information modeling (BIM) is the commercial reality of today’s construction education, and the way of the future that has truly begun. Amongst the significance of this is BIM’s potential to revolutionize the industry. The purpose of this paper is to use the learning experiences of undergraduate students in two construction management subjects involving quantity measurement and cost estimation to explore students’ motivation toward BIM education. In particular, the study investigates decision factors underlying students’ selection of software for information management in a modeling environment.Design/methodology/approachA total of 674 undergraduate students from the same institution were surveyed, out of which 153 responses were retrieved. The data provide insights into decisions taken by students while metamorphosing traditional processes into BIM-driven outcomes, in the form of commercial estimates of a real life project reported through a bill of quantities. Some 29 decision factors were analyzed. These include prior training, flair for creativity, ease of use, economic reasons, learning outcomes, on-going technical support and support infrastructure. Reductionist methods involving factor analysis and Cronbach’sαreliability estimate procedures were used to investigate the most important decision factors from amongst the decision factors analyzed.FindingsResults show all the 29 decision factors are statistically significant. Access to on-going support, the mandatory requirement to use a particular tool to complete an assessment task and the requirement to use the tool for job duties are the most significant decision factors. Vendors’ persuasion and the capability of the tool to achieve better outcomes than others are least significant. Statistical correlations between the decision factors were obtained. They all suggest near-absolute correlations.Practical implicationsThe practical implications of these findings are vital. They help to unravel factors that promote students’ interest in BIM education, and contribute toward the development of software selection models that are relevant to professionals and incipient businesses.Originality/valueFuture studies on decision analysis can be built on the findings also. In particular, the decision factors help in developing creative cognitive solutions to BIM adoption issues. They also help on the challenge posed by the constraints of knowledge diffusion within and across project teams, and in designing tools that meet the requirements of non-design disciplines who also play vital roles in the BIM project environment.
Evaluation of the indirect and IgM‐capture anti‐human cytomegalovirus IgM ELISA methods as confirmed by cytomegalovirus IgG avidity
Authors: Ikuta Kazufumi , Koshizuka Tetsuo , Kanno Ryoko , Inoue Naoki , Kubo Takahiko , Koyano Shin , Suzutani Tatsuo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPrimary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy often results in congenital CMV infection with severe clinical complications. IgM antibodies are one of the indices of primary infection. The IgG avidity index (AI) is also known to remain low for 3 months after primary infection. Here, we evaluated and compared the performance of CMV IgM and IgG avidity assays. Because sensitivity and specificity reportedly differ between CMV IgM kits, CMV IgM detection was compared between the two commercially available ELISA kits that are most commonly used in Japan. Sera for CMV IgM were first screened using a traditional indirect ELISA kit. Selected samples were then tested for CMV IgM and CMV AI using a CMV IgM‐capture ELISA kit and a CMV IgG avidity assay, respectively. The rate of concordance between the IgM kits was 89% (42/47), indicating the absence of any significant difference. Most of the CMV IgM‐positive plasma samples showed high CMV IgG AI; however, 18 commercially available plasma samples with low CMV IgG AI were all CMV IgM‐positive. One plausible explanation for this discrepancy is that the duration of low IgG AI is shorter than that of IgM positivity. Alternatively, CMV IgM tests may generate pseudo‐positive readouts in cases of congenital infection. Nevertheless, our study confirms that CMV IgG AI can be a reliable indicator of CMV primary infection.
Debate on Margaret Kohn's The Death and Life of the Urban Commonwealth
Authors: Enright Theresa 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis interventions forum presents a debate on Margaret Kohn's The Death and Life of the Urban Commonwealth. Four contributors from different disciplinary backgrounds discuss and critique Kohn's book, which offers an exploration of the political in an age of modern urbanism. Building on theories of solidarism and social rights, Kohn puts forth a set of new arguments about how the city might be a more governable commonwealth. Her book lays bare some of the great contradictions inherent in questions of the distribution of wealth and space in the metropolis. It builds on classical and current political theory and philosophy, theories of justice, and debates on gentrification and social mobility. The reviewers appreciate the great contribution the book is making to current debates in urban politics, geography and law, but they also point to significant areas for further debate along various lines as laid out by the author. Kohn concludes the debate with a response to the critical interventions.
Using contingent valuation to develop consumer‐based weights for health quality report cards
Authors: Weimer David L. , Saliba Debra , Ladd Heather , Shi Yuxi , Mukamel Dana B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current 5‐Star composite measure for nursing homes uses expert‐driven weights to combine elements of quality into a single score. We assessed the feasibility of using the contingent valuation method (CVM) to derive consumers’ preference‐based weights for the Nursing Home Compare report card as a potential alternative approach.Data SourcesSurvey of 4310 adults with nursing home experience (residents or family members of a resident) administered between September 25 and October 9, 2017.Study DesignContingent valuation method based on respondents’ answers to questions about willingness‐to‐trade (WTT) visit travel time for better quality in seven quantitative indices included in Nursing Home Compare. We calculated WTT amounts per standard deviation change in quantitative indices to derive weights.Data Collection MethodsWeb‐based survey.Principal FindingsContingent valuation method results are consistent with respondents making economically rational trade‐offs between quality and travel time. Estimates of mean WTT vary across quantitative quality indices. They also vary in terms of respondent status and behavioral factors. Weights based on mean WTT per standard deviation vary substantially across indices, with the largest weights for inspections and staffing.ConclusionsContingent valuation method has promise as a method for deriving weights for use in summary measures that incorporate consumer preferences.
Validation and impact of paediatric malnutrition screening tool in hospitalised children on awareness of medical staff and health‐related outcomes
Authors: Marderfeld Luba , Rub Gal , Hodik Gavriel , Poraz Irit , Hartman Corina , Ashkenazi Shai , Shamir Raanan 
Published: April 2019

AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the use of the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) among children admitted in a paediatric hospital, and assess its impact on the nutritional status awareness among the medical staff and on health outcomes at discharge.MethodsSTAMP performed by nurses on admission was compared with full nutritional assessment performed by a dietitian. Area under the receiving operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to evaluate validity of the tool. To assess how the tool affected awareness among the staff, information on nutritional status was compared prior to and following the intervention period. Therewith, health outcomes at discharge were compared for the children who had been screened by STAMP and the children who had not.ResultsThe analysis was performed for a total of 60 children (38 boys, 63%). The mean age was 7.8 ± 4.7 years. Malnutrition was found in 16% of patients, segregating equally between acute and chronic malnutrition. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 95.7% (95% confidence interval, CI = 85.75–98.83%), 76.9% (95% CI = 49.74–91.82%), 93.7 and 83.3, respectively. AUROC was 0.863 (95% CI = 0.72–1). There was no difference either in malnutrition awareness among the medical staff before and after the intervention period or in health outcomes at discharge.ConclusionsSTAMP is a valid tool for malnutrition screening in hospitalised children; however, its use does not influence admitted patients’ nutritional status awareness among the medical staff nor their outcomes at discharge.
Associations between breastfeeding rates and infant disease: A survey of 2338 Czech children
Authors: Parizkova Petra , Dankova Nika , Frühauf Pavel , Jireckova Jitka , Zeman Jiri , Magner Martin 
Published: April 2019

AimEvidence has demonstrated that breastfeeding is the optimal nutrition for infants. The present study aims to report possible associations of the duration of full or partial breastfeeding with selected health outcomes during infancy.MethodsData from 2304 mothers were obtained by online mother‐reported questionnaires at the age of 1 year of the child, providing information on full and partial breastfeeding durations, the frequency of infant upper respiratory tract infections and possible antibiotics use, and the occurrence of allergic diseases.ResultsOverall breastfeeding initiation rates (i.e. including both partial and full breastfeeding rates counted together) were 97.8%, declined to 95.1% at the age of 3 months, and remained as high as 90.0% at 6 months. At 1 year, 74.7% of children were still partially breastfed. There was no significant benefit of either full or partial breastfeeding over formula feeding for upper respiratory tract infection rates. Fully breastfed children had a significantly lower risk of early exposure to antibiotics when compared with either partially breastfed (odds ratio, OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.56, 1.00, P = 0.048) or formula‐fed (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.0, P = 0.047) children. We found a neutral effect of breastfeeding on the development of allergies.ConclusionsAlthough no significant association between either full or partial breastfeeding versus formula feeding and the occurrence of respiratory infections during infancy was found, we demonstrated a significantly lower risk of early exposure to antibiotics in fully breastfed children when compared with those either partially breastfed or formula‐fed.
Lycopene Ameliorated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Zheng Zicong , Yin Yimin , Lu Rongrong , Jiang Zhuoqin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe aim to study the antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects of lycopene on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats, anticipating a complementary strategy for the prevention of long‐term complications of T2DM. In this study, rats with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes were divided into four groups, receiving a 10‐week lycopene intervention: DM, DM + low dose of lycopene (L), DM + medium dose of lycopene (M), and DM + high dose of lycopene (H) group with 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg BW lycopene, respectively. At the end of intervention, fasted blood glucose (FBG) level, oxidative stress indicators, including glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), glycosylated low‐density lipoprotein, oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL). and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as antioxidants, that is, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and inflammatory factors like tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were determined. The results indicated that oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were elevated in DM rats. Lycopene intervention decreased the FBG level in DM rats compared with the untreated ones. It revealed a dose‐dependent effect on decreasing serum oxidative stress biomarkers, including GHb, ox‐LDL, and MDA. Inflammatory factors (TNF‐α and CRP) in DM rats were also decreased by lycopene intervention. Total antioxidative capacity as well as the activities of antioxidants in DM rats including CAT, SOD, and GPx were increased after lycopene intervention. We conclude that lycopene protects against diabetic progression and prevents further complications of diabetic rats through ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as improving the systemic antioxidative capacity.Practical ApplicationAccording to our study, lycopene intakes at experimental dosages appear to have beneficial effects on ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats, suggesting that lycopene might help improving T2DM progression when its daily intake is up to about 0.79 mg/kg BW in humans, which approximately equals to 5 mg/kg BW in rats. However, more clinical trials are needed to provide a more reliable and convincing conclusion in humans.
Effects of Cholesterol Extraction Process and Fat and Whey Protein Additions on Ice Cream Mixes
Authors: Hidalgo María Eugenia , Bordino Juliana , Acciarri Giuliana , Fernández Juan Manuel , Rozycki Sergio , Risso Patricia Hilda 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this work was to evaluate the cholesterol extraction process in ice cream mixes (ICMs) by using β‐cyclodextrin (βCD) and to analyze the effect of this extraction on the ICM rheological, stability, and sensory characteristics. The effects of fat and whey protein (WP) additions on ICM stability were also evaluated. The maximum percentage obtained for cholesterol extraction was 93.6%. The flow curves indicated that ICM showed a thixotropic behavior before and after cholesterol extraction, which was enhanced when the fat content and/or percentage of βCD increased. The stability of ICM with cholesterol‐reduced content (RCho‐ICM) was influenced by the fat content and/or the presence of WP. The RCho‐ICM with the highest fat and/or WP addition showed less tendency to melt and had the smallest amount of accumulated molten liquid. These latter ICMs presented the slowest melting rates. Also, RCho‐ICMs proved to be more stable than ICMs. RCho‐ICM samples obtained with a ratio of βCD/fat content of 1% w/w were evaluated by a trained sensory panel. In addition, an acceptability test of the sample with better sensory attributes was conducted.Practical ApplicationThe effects of a cholesterol extraction process and fat and whey protein additions on the rheological and stability characteristics of ice cream mixes were evaluated. The extraction of cholesterol from an ice cream mix is interesting from a nutritional point of view and the extraction process of cholesterol itself may also help to improve the mix stability by controlling the fat and/or whey protein contents. These findings may prove useful as a starting point for the rational design of new functional ice cream mixes.
Lipolysis and Oxidation in Ultra‐High Temperature Milk Depend on Sampling Month, Storage Duration, and Temperature
Authors: Lu Jing , Langton Maud , Sampels Sabine , Pickova Jana 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDuring storage, some factors (for example, storage duration and temperature) can affect milk stability and consumer acceptability. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), lipid classes, and fatty acid profiles in stored ultra‐high temperature (UHT) milk were analyzed to assess the effects of storage time and temperature on lipid oxidation and lipolysis. With storage duration up to 12 months, the milk fat phase was separated and showed high levels of oxidation and lipolysis, manifested as increased levels of TBARS and free fatty acids. High oxidation levels decreased the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in triacylglycerol and phospholipids. Higher storage temperatures (20, 30, and 37 °C) resulted in a higher degree of fat aggregation, oxidation, and lipolysis compared with refrigerated storage (4 °C). Additionally, sampling month of raw milk (May, July, and November) affected the lipid profiles of UHT milk during storage, with more UFA oxidized in July than in the other 2 months.
Methotrexate treatment in rheumatoid arthritis and elevated liver enzymes: A long‐term follow‐up of predictors, surveillance, and outcome in clinical practice
Authors: Karlsson Sundbaum Johanna , Eriksson Niclas , Hallberg Pär , Lehto Niklas , Wadelius Mia , Baecklund Eva 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo assess predictors of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in methotrexate (MTX) treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to describe the monitoring of liver enzymes, including handling and outcome of elevated ALT.MethodsAll RA patients starting MTX in January, 2005 to April, 2013 at a rheumatology clinic, (Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden) were identified from electronic medical records. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records, supplemented by telephone interviews. Predictors for ALT >1.5× over the upper limit of normal (ULN) were identified by multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe study comprised 213 RA patients starting MTX. During a mean follow‐up of 4.3 years, 6288 ALT tests were performed; 7% of tests with ALT were >ULN. ALT >1.5× ULN was observed in 44 (21%) patients and the strongest predictor was a pre‐treatment elevation of ALT (adjusted odds ratio = 6.8, 95% CI 2.2‐20.5). Recurrent elevations occurred in 70% of patients who continued treatment, and the proportion was similar in those with and without interventions, for example MTX dose reduction (67% vs 73%, P = 0.43). Seven patients (3%) permanently stopped MTX due to ALT elevation, and two were eventually diagnosed with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. No patient developed hepatic failure.ConclusionOnly a small number of ALT tests performed during MTX therapy in RA capture an elevation. A pre‐treatment elevation of ALT was the strongest predictor for early and recurrent ALT elevations during therapy. This study supports a more individualized approach to monitoring and handling of ALT elevations during MTX therapy in RA than recommended in current guidelines.
Graphene oxide incorporated polycaprolactone/chitosan/collagen electrospun scaffold: Enhanced osteogenic properties for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Aidun Amir , Safaei Firoozabady Alireza , Moharrami Mohammad , Ahmadi Ali , Haghighipour Nooshin , Bonakdar Shahin , Faghihi Shahab 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis in vitro study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and biological activity of the polycaprolactone/chitosan/collagen scaffolds incorporated with 0, 0.5, 3, and 6 wt% of graphene oxide (GO). Using standard tests and MG‐63 cells, the characteristics of scaffolds were evaluated, and the behavior of osteoblasts were simulated, respectively. A non‐significant decrease in nanofibers diameter was noted in scaffolds with a higher ratio of GO. The hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the scaffold surface, as well as cell attachment and proliferation, increased in correspondence to an increase in GO. The higher ratio of GO also improved the osteogenesis activity. GO increased the degradation rate, but it was negligible and seemed not enough to endanger stability. Modifying the scaffolds with GO did not make a significant change to the antibacterial effect.