bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where cultural references and lexical cohesion meet
Authors: Tseng Ming-Yu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study investigates creative product descriptions (CPDs) in an intercultural context, especially with respect to cultural
references (CRs) and lexical cohesion. More specifically, it examines (i) how CRs are utilized in CPDs written in English for
intercultural communication, (ii) how lexical cohesion can be described in a culturally meaningful and context-sensitive way, and
(iii) what role cultural reference terms play in shaping the lexical cohesion of such CPDs. By proposing a multi-layer framing
model of cohesion, this paper shows how lexical cohesion results from interactions of four frames activated in the production and
reception of a text: sociocultural, generic, interpersonal and conceptual. The study concludes with some practical implications
for the writing of CPDs in English for intercultural communication.
“Mr Paul, please inform me accordingly”
Authors: Economidou-Kogetsidis Maria 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The function of students’ email requests to faculty is both transactional and interactional. Students’ emails are not only sent
with the aim of receiving some form of service but they also need to adhere to the interactional function of language in order to
establish and maintain social relationships. Therefore, how to address their lecturers and how much directness is appropriate in
the requests performed through this medium, are some of the most difficult choices that students have to make. This study
investigates how L2 university students’ academic requests are formulated through the medium of email, and examines the
correlation between the forms of address, the degree of (in)directness and the degree of imposition of their email as a way to
express e-politeness.
The effects of English-medium instruction on the use of textual and interpersonal pragmatic markers
Authors: Ament Jennifer , Pérez Vidal Carmen , Barón Parés Júlia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study examines a semi and a full English-medium instruction (EMI) undergraduate program offered at a Catalan university in order to measure its effect on the students’ oral output. Specifically, it tackles the acquisition of pragmatic markers (PMs) by measuring four variables, the overall frequency of use, the variety of types, the use of textual PMs, and the use of interpersonal PMs. Oral data were collected via a monologue and an interaction task. The study is cross-sectional with 39 full-EMI and 33 semi-EMI participants in 2nd and 3rd year of study plus 10 native speakers. PM use was chosen for analysis due to the important role they play in communicative competence. Results show a significant increase in the overall frequency and variety of types of PMs used from year 2 to year 3. The full-EMI group used PMs at a significantly higher frequency and wider variety when compared to the semi-EMI group, neither group reached baseline levels for use of interpersonal PMs, and both groups displayed a higher use of textual PMs compared to the NSs.
The importance of genre in the Greek diglossia of the 20th century
Authors: Fragaki Georgia , Goutsos Dionysis 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Greek diglossia has been mainly studied so far by focusing on linguistic attitudes rather than
investigating actual use. This paper aims at studying evidence from a number of genres in the Diachronic Corpus of Greek of the 20th Century, including academic texts, public speeches, film scripts,
newsreels, literature, song lyrics and private letters. The frequencies of the high vs. low variants of two pairs of
basic grammatical items are compared across the nine decades of the corpus. It is suggested that recent language
change in Greek largely depends on genre, which can account, among other factors, for the direction and timing of
developments. Dimensions of text production like formality, conventionality, planning and (perceived) spontaneity
contribute to the specificities of each genre.
The colours and the spectrum
Authors: Koenderink Jan J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Colours and spectrum stand in an ambiguous and perhaps awkward relation to each other. There exist formal accounts in phenomenology with non-trivial structure that do not refer to the spectrum at all, whereas in contradistinction, conventional colorimetry is a formal account that focuses fully upon the spectral description of radiation. It describes precisely the basic psychophysical facts of discrimination of radiant beams – threshold psychophysics. These accounts are often conceived of as mutually exclusive. I explore formal relations and identify instances that do or don’t require spectral notions in some essential way. This yields novel insights in colour vision, in the most general sense, from a perspective that acknowledges both phenomenology and colorimetry.
Ensemble perception of colour
Authors: Maule John , Franklin Anna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In order to rapidly get the gist of new scenes the brain must have mechanisms to process the large amount of visual information that enters the eye. Previous research has shown that observers can extract the average feature from briefly seen sets of multiple stimuli that vary along a certain dimension (e.g., size), a phenomenon called ensemble perception. This chapter summarizes the research that we have carried out investigating ensemble perception of hue. We have shown that observers can extract and estimate the mean hue of rapidly presented multi-colour ensembles. The ability to average hue may be driven by a subsampling mechanism (i.e. remembering just a few items), but results from autistic adults suggest that it can be modulated by local/global bias.
The role of saturation in colour naming and colour appearance
Authors: Witzel Christoph 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Saturation is an integral part of colour perception. Yet, this aspect of colour vision has been widely neglected in research on colour naming and colour appearance. Fundamental questions about colour naming and colour appearance need to be reconsidered in the light of the important role of saturation. These questions concern the variation of measurements across studies, the relationship between category prototypes and unique hues, cross-cultural regularities in colour categorization, focal colours and the salience of category prototypes, and the role of unique hues in colour appearance.
Diatopic variation in the referential meaning of the “Italian blues”
Authors: Paramei Galina V. , D’Orsi Mauro , Menegaz Gloria 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Standard Italian blu is unanimously glossed as “dark blue”. In comparison, azzurro is referred to as either “light blue” or “medium blue” in different studies. We explored diatopic variation (linguistic variation on a geographical level) in the denotata of blu, azzurro and celeste “sky blue” in a psycholinguistic experiment conducted in Verona (Veneto region) and Alghero (Sardinia). Participants named Munsell chips of the BLUE area. For each blue term, a referential volume of naming consensus colours was fitted by a convex hull visualized in CIELAB space. The referential extents of azzurro and celeste were found to differ markedly between the two regions: Verona participants used azzurro to denote “medium-and-light blue”; in contrast, for a similar colour space extent, Alghero participants used predominantly celeste, with azzurro being constrained to darker “medium blue”. The historical factors are discussed behind the more conservative colour naming in Sardinian dialects compared to mainland Standard Italian.
Unifying research on colour and emotion
Authors: Mohr Christine , Jonauskaite Domicele , Dan-Glauser Elise S. , Uusküla Mari , Dael Nele 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Popular opinions link colours and emotions. Yet, affective connotations of colours are heterogeneous (for example, red represents anger and love) partly because they relate to different contexts. Despite insufficient evidence, colours are used in applied settings (health, marketing, and others) for their supposed effects on cognitive and affective functioning. Summarizing the literature, we recommend systematic research to investigate when and how colours link with affective phenomena. We need to: (1) distinguish between situations in which colours are either physically shown or linguistically treated; (2) specify types of affective processes (for example, emotion, mood, preference); and (3) investigate cross-cultural differences. Having these needs in mind, we initiated an international online survey on semantic colour-emotion associations. We outline theoretical considerations and present the survey’s design.
Does deuteranomaly place children at a disadvantage in educational settings?
Authors: Mehta Beejal , Sowden Paul T. , Grandison Alexandra 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A review was conducted to explore possible consequences of deuteranomaly, a specific type of congenital colour vision deficiency (CVD), for children in education. Electronic searches of five databases were performed. Key search terms included: child*, colo?r vision, colo?r blind*, colour def*, deuter*, education*, health*, wellbeing, occupation*, to identify empirical studies published in English during the period 1990–2016. Analysis provided evidence of challenges to school students with congenital vision deficiencies, and the impact of deuteranomaly in educational settings. Four themes emerged: (1) requirements for deciphering colour-coding that may affect educational attainment; (2) mental health and wellbeing; (3) implications for future occupational choices, and (4) relation of chromatic discrimination to certain cognitive abilities. The findings prompt recommendation of certain interventions, specifically relating to colour vision screening at early school age, and raising awareness of challenges of school students with deuteranomaly.
Common basis for colour and light studies
Authors: Klarén Ulf 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Most scientific research about colour and light perception is focused on underlying physical or physiological processes. The contribution of physics to description of human experiences is limited to causal relations. Physical theories can with great precision describe, explain and predict physical and physiological processes, but there is no physical method or physical theory describing the spatio-dynamic and contextual human experience of colour and light. Without a common systematic description of the living experiences of colour and light, teachers are obliged to use a variety of incoherent and competing doctrines and systems. This article argues for a widened interdisciplinary dialogue aiming at a common framework of understanding of colour and light experiences.
The effects of correlated colour temperature on wayfinding performance and emotional reactions
Authors: Suzer Özge Kumoğlu , Olgunturk Nilgun 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study investigated travellers’ wayfinding performance according to the correlated colour temperature (CCT) of lighting in a virtual airport environment. In the first phase an experiment was conducted under 3000K (yellowish-white) and 12000K (bluish-white) light. Universal face representations of basic emotions (anger, disgust, neutral, surprise, happiness, fear, sadness) were shown to participants and they were asked to choose a single face. In the second phase, two questionnaires were conducted to identify participants’ level of presence in the virtual environment. Females were significantly more lacking in confidence than males in finding their destination, hesitating more often. The results indicated that participants’ wayfinding performance was better under 12000K, which they also associated with more positive emotion.
The Superficial Temporal Artery: Anatomical Map for Facial Reconstruction and Aesthetic Procedures
Authors: Koziej Mateusz , Trybus Marek , Hołda Mateusz , Wnuk Jakub , Polak Jakub , Brzegowy Paweł , Popiela Tadeusz , Walocha Jerzy , Tomaszewski Krzysztof , Chrapusta Anna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
The superficial temporal artery (STA), a terminal branch of the external carotid artery, supplies multiple regions of the scalp and face. Knowledge of the STA is important for reconstructive and aesthetic procedures of the head and face.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to map the STA in relation to anatomical landmarks.

Methods
Computed tomographic head angiographies of 215 patients were included in this study; the final analysis comprised 419 STAs. The STA’s main branches and variants were identified. The diameters of the STA and its frontal and occipital branches were measured, and the distance between the STA tree and anatomical landmarks was delineated.

Results
Frontal and parietal branches were recorded in 98.1% and 90.7% of patients, respectively. The mean diameters, measured 1 and 7 cm from the STA bifurcation for the frontal branch, were 0.97 ± 0.32 and 0.81 ± 0.26 mm, respectively, and for the parietal branch, the diameters were 0.96 ± 0.28 and 0.76 ± 0.23 mm, respectively. The STA bifurcation point was located above the zygomatic arch (ZA) in 75.6%, below in 14.7%, and on the ZA in 9.7% of patients. The mean distance from the ZA center to the STA bifurcation was 16.8 ± 16.0 mm.

Conclusions
The STA artery and its main branches follow a conservative course, and serious anatomical variations are relatively rare. The STA and its main branches may be localized using simple anatomical landmarks. An anatomical map showing artery-free zones in the lateral forehead region was presented, which may prove useful for plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgeons.

Level of Evidence: 4
Ultrasound-Guided Corticosteroid Injection in a Patient With Tietze Syndrome Combined With Costochondral Joint Swelling
Authors: Cho Ju Young , Park Donghwi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Tietze syndrome is an uncommon disease of unknown etiology that manifests as pain and tenderness of the parasternal joints. To date, however, there has been no report on ultrasonographic findings concerning swelling of the costochondral joint in Tietze syndrome. Moreover, there has been no research investigating images of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection, although corticosteroid injection is one of the most important treatments for Tietze syndrome. Therefore, we report a case of Tietze syndrome where ultrasound images were used in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. A 70-yr-old man was seen for left chest pain that had lasted for several weeks. Physical examination at our clinic revealed a focal tenderness of the left third costochondral joint, and an ultrasound showed a swelling of the left third costochondral joint. Considering both the radiological and the clinical examination, the patient received a diagnosis of Tietze syndrome with costochondral joint swelling. Then, the patient agreed to an ultrasound-guided left third costochondral corticosteroid injection after receiving a detailed explanation of the disease and treatment. After receiving three ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections, his chest pain subsided, and the swelling and tenderness also disappeared completely. Collectively, our case suggests that ultrasound is important in the diagnosis and treatment of Tietze syndrome.
Opposing Influence of Sensory and Motor Cortical Input on Striatal Circuitry and Choice Behavior
Authors: Lee Christian R. , Yonk Alex J. , Wiskerke Joost , Paradiso Kenneth G. , Tepper James M. , Margolis David J. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe striatum is the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia and is a key site of sensorimotor integration. While the striatum receives extensive excitatory afferents from the cerebral cortex, the influence of different cortical areas on striatal circuitry and behavior is unknown. Here we find that corticostriatal inputs from whisker-related primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortex differentially innervate projection neurons and interneurons in the dorsal striatum, and exert opposing effects on sensory-guided behavior. Optogenetic stimulation of S1-corticostriatal afferents in ex vivo recordings produced larger postsynaptic potentials in striatal parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons than D1- or D2-expressing spiny projection neurons (SPNs), an effect not observed for M1-corticostriatal afferents. Critically, in vivo optogenetic stimulation of S1-corticostriatal afferents produced task-specific behavioral inhibition, which was bidirectionally modulated by striatal PV interneurons. Optogenetic stimulation of M1 afferents produced the opposite behavioral effect. Thus, our results suggest opposing roles for sensory and motor cortex in behavioral choice via distinct influences on striatal circuitry.
Unilateral relapse of Behcet’s disease-associated uveitis does not appear to cause asymmetric tear protein profiles
Authors: Liang Anyi , Qin Weiwei , Zhao Chan , Gao Youhe 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurpose: To explore whether unilateral relapse of Bechet’s disease uveitis (BDU) causes differences in the tear proteome between the diseased and the contralateral quiescent eye.Experimental design: To minimize interindividual variations, bilateral tear samples were collected from the same patient (n=15) with unilateral relapse of BDU. A data-independent acquisition (DIA) strategy was used to identify proteins that differed between active and quiescent eyes.Results: A total of 1,797 confident proteins were identified in the tear samples, of which 371 are also highly expressed in various tissues and organs. Sixty-two (3.5%) proteins differed in terms of expression between tears in active and quiescent eyes, similar to the number of differentially expressed proteins (74, 4.1%) identified in a randomized grouping strategy. Furthermore, the intrapair trend of the differentially expressed proteins was not consistent and none of the proteins showed the same trend in more than 9 pairs of eyes.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Unilateral relapse of BDU does not appear to cause asymmetric changes in the tear proteome between active and contralateral quiescent eyes. Tear fluid is a valuable source for biomarker studies of systemic diseases.Statement of clinical relevanceTears are an easily, noninvasively accessible body fluid that is a valuable source of biomarkers for various diseases. Behcet’s disease uveitis (BDU) has high potential to cause blindness and represents the leading cause of morbidity in BD patients, especially in frequently relapsing cases. Here, we adopted a method combining a “dry” method for tear preservation and nano-LC-DIA-MS/MS system to explore whether unilateral relapse of BDU causes differences in the tear proteome between the diseased and the contralateral quiescent eye, with the aim of evaluating tear fluid as a source for biomarker studies of uveitis relapse.
CRISPR/Cas9-based Editing of a Sensitive Transcriptional Regulatory Element to Achieve Cell Type-Specific Knockdown of the NEMO Scaffold Protein
Authors: Babaei Milad , Liu Yuekun , Wuerzberger-Davis Shelly M. , Yeo Alan T. , Kagermazova Larisa , McCaslin Ethan Z. , Miyamoto Shigeki , Gilmorea Thomas D. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe use of alternative promoters for the cell type-specific expression of a given mRNA/protein is a common cell strategy. NEMO is a scaffold protein required for canonical NF-κB signaling. Transcription of the NEMO gene is primarily controlled by two promoters: one (promoter B) drives NEMO transcription in most cell types and the second (promoter A) is largely responsible for NEMO transcription in liver cells. Herein, we have used a CRISPR/Cas9-based approach to disrupt a core sequence element of promoter B, and this genetic editing essentially eliminates expression of NEMO mRNA and protein in 293T human kidney cells. By cell subcloning, we have isolated targeted 293T cell lines that express no detectable NEMO protein, have defined genomic alterations at promoter B, and do not support canonical NF-κB signaling in response to treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Nevertheless, non-canonical NF-κB signaling is intact in these NEMO-deficient cells. Expression of ectopic NEMO in the edited cells restores downstream NF-κB signaling in response to TNF. Targeting of the promoter B element does not substantially reduce NEMO expression (from promoter A) in the human SNU-423 liver cancer cell line. We have also used homology directed repair (HDR) to fix the promoter B element in a 293T cell clone. Overall, we have created a strategy for selectively eliminating cell type-specific expression from an alternative promoter and have generated 293T cell lines with a functional knockout of NEMO. The implications of these findings for further studies and for therapeutic approaches to target canonical NF-κB signaling are discussed.
Ring shape Golden Ratio multicellular structures are algebraically afforded by asymmetric mitosis and one to one cell adhesion
Authors: Butler William E. , Kinane T. Bernard 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGolden Ratio proportions are found throughout the world of multicellular organisms but the underlying mechanisms behind their appearance and their adaptive value if any remain unknown. The Golden Ratio is a real-valued number but cell population counts are whole numbered. Binet's formula connects the Golden Ratio to the whole numbered Fibonacci sequence (fn+1 = fn + fn–1 where f1 = 1 and f2 = 2), so we seek a cellular mechanism that yields Fibonacci cell kinetics. Drawing on Fibonacci’s description of growth patterns in rabbits, we develop a matrix model of Fibonacci cell kinetics based on an asymmetric pause between mitoses by daughter cells. We list candidate molecular mechanisms for asymmetric mitosis such as epigenetically asymmetric chromosomal sorting at anaphase due to cytosine-DNA methylation. A collection of Fibonacci-sized cell groups produced each by mitosis needs to assemble into a larger multicellular structure. We find that the mathematics for this assembly are afforded by a simple molecular cell surface configuration where each cell in each group has four cell to cell adhesion slots. Two slots internally cohere a cell group and two adhere to cells in other cell groups. We provide a notation for expressing each cell’s participation in dual Fibonacci recurrence relations. We find that single class of cell to cell adhesion molecules suffices to hold together a large assembly of chained Fibonacci groups having Golden Ratio patterns. Specialized bindings between components of various sizes are not required. Furthermore, the notation describes circumstances where chained Fibonacci-sized cell groups may leave adhesion slots unoccupied unless the chained groups anneal into a ring. This unexpected result suggests a role for Fibonacci cell kinetics in the formation of multicellular ring forms such as hollow and tubular structures. In this analysis, a complex molecular pattern behind asymmetric mitosis coordinates with a simple molecular cell adhesion pattern to generate useful multicellular assemblies. Furthermore, this reductively unifies two of the hypothesized evolutionary steps: multicellularity and cellular eusociality.