bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biologization of Allogeneic Bone Grafts with Polyphosphate: A Route to a Biomimetic Periosteum
Authors: Müller Werner E. G. , Wang Shunfeng , Ackermann Maximilian , Gerich Torsten , Neufurth Meik , Wiens Matthias , Schröder Heinz C. , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe physiological polyphosphate (polyP), released primarily from platelets after bone fractures, acts as a donor for metabolic energy and as a phosphate source for bone mineralization. In this study allogeneic, decellularized bone samples are biologized with a layer of inorganic polyP by submersion of human femur cortex slices into a solution of Na‐polyP. Then polyP coat is modified by exposure to CaCl2, resulting in in situ formation of amorphous Ca‐polyP microparticles (Ca‐polyP‐MP; diameter of ≈155 nm). Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis of the Ca‐polyP‐MP coat reveals a Ca:P molar ratio of ≈0.78, while the nonmodified bone cortex is characterized by a Ca:P ratio of ≈1.52. An ionic shift promotes the strong binding of the polyP to the bone. While the polyP modification only insignificantly increases the hardness of the bone sample, without changing the elastic surface properties, the polyP‐modified bone provides a very favorable substrate for SaOS‐2 cells to attach and to mineralize. In the presence of medium/serum the polyP coat transforms to a functionally active coacervate. The cells, attached to the polyP coat, show a marked spreading behavior and became entrapped into the polyP‐coacervate. The results suggest that regenerative‐active polyP might be of potential use in healing of bone.
Tunable Fluorescence from Dye‐Modified DNA‐Assembled Plasmonic Nanocube Arrays
Authors: Zheng Cindy Y. , Palacios Edgar , Zhou Wenjie , Hadibrata Wisnu , Sun Lin , Huang Ziyin , Schatz George C. , Aydin Koray , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractColloidal crystal engineering with DNA on template‐confined surfaces is used to prepare arrays of nanocube‐based plasmonic antennas and deliberately place dyes with sub‐nm precision into their hotspots, on the DNA bonds that confine the cubes to the underlying gold substrate. This combined top‐down and bottom‐up approach provides independent control over both the plasmonic gap and photonic lattice modes of the surface‐confined particle assemblies and allows for the tuning of the interactions between the excited dyes and plasmonically active antennas. Furthermore, the gap mode of the antennas can be modified in situ by utilizing the solvent‐dependent structure of the DNA bonds. This is studied by placing two dyes, with different emission wavelengths, under the nanocubes and recording their solvent‐dependent emission. It is shown that dye emission not only depends upon the in‐plane structure of the antennas but also the size of the gap, which is regulated with solvent. Importantly, this approach allows for the systematic understanding of the relationship between nanoscale architecture and plasmonically coupled dye emission, and points toward the use of colloidal crystal engineering with DNA to create stimuli responsive architectures, which can find use in chemical sensing and tunable light sources.
High‐Throughput Screening of Metal Organic Frameworks as Fillers in Mixed Matrix Membranes for Flue Gas Separation
Authors: Daglar Hilal , Keskin Seda 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigh‐throughput computational screening of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is performed to evaluate their performances as fillers in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations are performed to calculate CO2 and N2 permeabilities of 7822 synthesized MOFs. This data are then combined with the experimentally reported gas permeability data of 14 different polymers using a theoretical permeation model. As a result, CO2 permeabilities and CO2/N2 selectivities of 109 508 different types of MOF‐based MMMs are estimated. The maximum CO2/N2 selectivity and CO2 permeability of MOF/polymer MMMs are computed as 64.3 and 36 103 Barrer, respectively. The top 50 MOFs that significantly improve CO2/N2 separation performances of highly permeable polymers are identified and their potentials for separation of binary CO2/N2 mixture are examined at practical operating conditions. Results show that several MOFs offer significant improvements both in the gas permeability and selectivity of polymers when used as fillers in MMMs for flue gas separation. The MOF structure–membrane performance relations are also investigated for MOF/polymer MMMs, and results show that MOFs with narrow pore sizes (3.75–5.12 Å), low surface areas (<1000 m2 g−1), and moderate porosities (0.41–0.58) lead to highly selective MMMs.
Anthropometric heritability and child growth in a Caribbean village: A quantitative genetic analysis of longitudinal height, weight, and body mass index in Bwa Mawego, Dominica
Authors: Keith Monica H. , Blomquist Gregory E. , Flinn Mark V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesBody size and composition vary widely among individuals and populations, and long‐term research in diverse contexts informs our understanding of genetic, cultural, and environmental impacts on this variation. We analyze longitudinal measures of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) from a Caribbean village, estimating the extent to which these anthropometrics are shaped by genetic variance in a small‐scale population of mixed ancestry.Materials and MethodsLongitudinal data from a traditionally horticultural village in Dominica document height and weight in a non‐Western population that is transitioning to increasingly Westernized lifestyles, and an 11‐generation pedigree enables us to estimate the proportions of phenotypic variation in height, weight, and BMI attributed to genetic variation. We assess within‐individual variation across growth curves as well as heritabilities of these traits for 260 individuals using Bayesian variance component estimation.ResultsAge, sex, and secular trends account for the majority of anthropometric variation in these longitudinal data. Independent of age, sex, and secular trends, our analyses show high repeatabilities for the remaining variation in height, weight, and BMI growth curves (>0.75), and moderate heritabilities (h2height = 0.68, h2weight = 0.64, h2BMI = 0.49) reveal clear genetic signals that account for large proportions of the variation in body size observed between families. Secular trends show increases of 6.5% in height and 16.0% in weight from 1997 to 2017.DiscussionThis horticultural Caribbean population has transitioned to include more Westernized foods and technologies over the decades captured in this analysis. BMI varies widely between individuals and is significantly shaped by genetic variation, warranting future exploration with other physiological correlates and associated genetic variants.
Hydrolytic degradation and cytotoxicity of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes for bone regeneration
Authors: Díaz Esperanza , Puerto Igor , Sandonis Iban , Ribeiro Sylvie , Lanceros‐Mendez Senentxu 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBiodegradable poly(l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) scaffolds produced by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) are studied for bone regeneration. Their magnetic properties, cytotoxicity, and in vitro degradation are investigated. Certain properties are analyzed at 37 °C over 16 weeks in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution, as a function of degradation time: morphology, mass loss, pH value of PBS, and thermal behavior. The presence of small quantities of nanotubes in the scaffolds, ≤0.5 wt %, leads to a weak magnetic response although the PLGA was diamagnetic. The incorporation of MWCNTs in the scaffolds generated a morphology and a very different process of in vitro degradation than might be expected in a PLGA scaffold. The in vitro degradation process started on week 13 and rapidly advanced, although the structural integrity of the scaffolds was maintained and no collapse of the structure occurred. Cytotoxicity tests on the samples showed cytotoxicity behavior at concentrations of over 0.3 wt % MWCNTs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48439.
Original antifouling strategy: Polypropylene films modified with chitosan‐coated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Mosconi Giuliana , Stragliotto María Fernanda , Slenk Walter , Valenti Laura E. , Giacomelli Carla E. , Strumia Miriam C. , Gomez Cesar G. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA new coating strategy of polypropylene (PP) films with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is proposed to obtain surfaces with antifouling properties. As a first step, the photograft polymerization is used to produce polyacrylic acid‐grafted PP (PAA‐grafted PP) films. A green AgNP synthesis is used by thermal reduction of AgNO3with amino groups of chitosan (CS), which controls ion diffusion and stabilizes nanoparticles. AgNP/CS complexes are adsorbed on PAA‐grafted PP by electrostatic interactions, yielding AgNP/CS‐coated PP films. These films show an excellent antimicrobial activity, even for AgNP contents as low as 0.08 wt %, reducing more than 4 log units in the viableStaphylococcus aureusconcentration or inducingEscherichia colideath. This trend is consistent with an adequate amount of small AgNP adsorbed in an organized manner within a thin surface layer. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity of this film seems to be more than promising, used as an active surface for a wide range of applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48448.
Lithium‐Doped Silica‐Rich MIL‐101(Cr) for Enhanced Hydrogen Uptake
Authors: Panchariya Dharmendra K. , Kumar E. Anil , Singh Sanjay K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) show promising characteristics for hydrogen storage application. In this direction, modification of under‐utilized large pore cavities of MOFs has been extensively explored as a promising strategy to further enhance the hydrogen storage properties of MOFs. Here, we described a simple methodology to enhance the hydrogen uptake properties of RHA incorporated MIL‐101 (RHA‐MIL‐101, where RHA is rice husk ash—a waste material) by controlled doping of Li+ ions. The hydrogen gas uptake of Li‐doped RHA‐MIL‐101 is significantly higher (up to 72 %) compared to the undoped RHA‐MIL‐101, where the content of Li+ ions doping greatly influenced the hydrogen uptake properties. We attributed the observed enhancement in the hydrogen gas uptake of Li‐doped RHA‐MIL‐101 to the favorable Li+ ion‐to‐H2 interactions and the cooperative effect of silanol bonds of silica‐rich rice‐husk ash incorporated in MIL‐101.
Sliding mode control of uncertain fractional‐order systems: A reaching phase free approach
Authors: Kamal Shyam , Sharma Rahul Kumar , Dinh Thach Ngoc , MS Harikrishnan , Bandyopadhyay Bijnan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a sliding surface which renders the system dynamics to start directly from itself without a reaching phase. More specifically, the system dynamics is insensitive to matched disturbances/uncertainties throughout the entire system response. The controller design based on reduced‐order subsystem is still preserved. It is different from integral sliding mode in which the design is based on the full order of the system to reach the same objective. The simulation results of its application to a fractional inverted pendulum system is demonstrated.
Validation of the Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) in Swedish trauma populations
Authors: Ghorbani P , Troëng T , Brattström O , Ringdal K G , Eken T , Ekbom A , Strömmer L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Trauma survival prediction models can be used for quality assessment in trauma populations. The Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) has been updated recently and validated internally (NORMIT 2). The aim of this observational study was to compare the accuracy of NORMIT 1 and 2 in two Swedish trauma populations.

Methods
Adult patients registered in the national trauma registry during 2014–2016 were eligible for inclusion. The study populations comprised the total national trauma (NT) population, and a subpopulation of patients admitted to a single level I trauma centre (TC). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Model validation included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and GiViTI calibration belts. The calibration was also assessed in subgroups of severely injured patients (New Injury Severity Score (NISS) over 15).

Results
A total of 26 504 patients were included. Some 18·7 per cent of patients in the NT population and 2·6 per cent in the TC subpopulation were excluded owing to missing data, leaving 21 554 and 3972 respectively for analysis. NORMIT 1 and 2 showed excellent ability to distinguish between survivors and non-survivors in both populations, but poor agreement between predicted and observed outcome in the NT population with overestimation of survival, including in the subgroup with NISS over 15. In the TC subpopulation, NORMIT 1 underestimated survival irrespective of injury severity, but NORMIT 2 showed good calibration both in the total subpopulation and the subgroup with NISS over 15.

Conclusion
NORMIT 2 is well suited to predict survival in a Swedish trauma centre population, irrespective of injury severity. Both NORMIT 1 and 2 performed poorly in a more heterogeneous national population of injured patients.
Different effects of technological progress on China's carbon emissions based on sustainable development
Authors: Chen Jiandong , Gao Ming , Ma Ke , Song Malin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we respectively decompose and study different effects of technological progress on carbon emissions in China based on the combination of the logarithmic mean Divisia index method, the Solow residual model, and spatial econometrics. Furthermore, we propose an improved approach to estimate the rebound effect index. By comparing the different effects of technological progress on carbon emissions, our results indicate that China's overall domestic technological progress reduced its carbon emissions over this period. As for the rebound effect index, the estimated results are higher than in previous studies because of the spatial rebound effect, which was ignored by previous studies. Regionally, although the eastern region had high rebound effects, the western region is at the greatest risk from the rebound effects. Finally, we present specific environmental policy proposals for China's sustainable development based on empirical results.
Graphene Dispersed Bi2WO6 Nanosheets with Promoted Interfacial Charge Separation for Visible Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Yang Xia , Li Chun , Wang Jiangfei , Zhang Jing , Wang Fangfang , Li Rengui , Li Can 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPromoting photogenerated charge separation is the key and bottleneck step in photocatalysis, which mainly determines the efficiency of solar energy conversion. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been emerging in the fields of physics, catalysis and material sciences due to its unique structures, high catalytic activity and tunability. In this work, we introduced rGO nanosheets as support to fabricate uniformly‐dispersed Bi2WO6 nanostructures onto the rGO surface under hydrothermal condition. The resulted rGO/Bi2WO6 composite exhibited superior performances in degradation of various kinds of environmental pollutants including dyes and phenol. Further electrochemical characterizations including open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical specific area indicated that incorporation of rGO evidently accelerated the interfacial charge separation and transfer. These improvements consequently contributed to largely exposed active sites and superior photocatalytic performance. Our work presented a facile strategy to tune the interfacial charge separation in semiconductor‐based photocatalysts using layered materials like graphene and its derivatives.
Precise Control of the Oriented Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets Growth on Graphene Oxides Leading to Efficient Catalysts for Cascade Reactions
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Zelin , Zhao Yufei , Miras Haralampos N. , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn recent years, great attention has been paid to cascade reactions, which can improve efficiency and reduce waste production by implementing several consecutive reactions. Herein, two bifunctional catalysts were successfully prepared by precise control of the oriented layered double hydroxides (LDHs) growth on graphene oxides (GO) using a single‐drop and co‐precipitation method, respectively. The resultant Ru/LDH‐GO‐P and Ru/LDH‐GO‐V composites were characterized by EXAFS, FT‐IR, XRD, TG‐DTA, BET, XPS, TEM, CO2‐TPD, O2‐TPD, etc. The catalytic performance of Ru/LDH‐GO‐P and Ru/LDH‐GO‐V for one‐pot oxidation‐Knoevenagel condensation reaction showed significant difference under the same experimental conditions, in which the Ru/LDH‐GO‐P showed 99 % conversion and 99 % selectivity, in marked contrast of 60.7 % conversion and 47.9 % selectivity using Ru/LDH‐GO‐V as catalyst. The large enhancement of the catalytic performance using Ru/LDH‐GO‐P can be attributed to the following reasons: 1) the Co3+ centers in Ru/LDH‐GO‐P can promote the formation of surface oxygen vacancies that can adsorb and activate O2 to get better performance; 2) the Ru/LDH‐GO‐P exhibited larger BET surface and more medium‐strong basic active sites than the Ru/LDH‐GO‐V. Moreover, the Ru/LDH‐GO‐P catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction system and reused for at least five times without obvious deterioration of its catalytic activity or structural integrity.
Selective Synthesis of Furfurylamine by Reductive Amination of Furfural over Raney Cobalt
Authors: Zhou Kuo , Chen Bixian , Zhou Xiaoting , Kang Shimin , Xu Yongjun , Wei Jinjia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEffect of metal nature on reductive amination was investigated with biomass‐based furfural as a typical substrate. Among the tested heterogeneous metal catalysts, cobalt proved to be the most effective metal for the synthesis of the corresponding primary amine. Under a relatively mild reaction condition, 98.9 % yield of furfurylamine was obtained over Raney Co and it can be reused more than eight times without a significant decrease in the catalytic performance. By extensively studying the catalytic pathways and reaction mechanism, it is found that the selectivity to primary amine and secondary amine was governed by the relative rate of hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation of the Schiff base intermediate. The superiority of Raney Co in furfurylamine synthesis can be ascribed to its high efficiency on hydrogenolysis of the Schiff base intermediate and its low performance in the hydrogenation of the Schiff base, carbonyl group and furan ring. Furthermore, ammonia greatly promoted the catalytic hydrogenolysis of the Schiff base intermediate over Raney Co without clear deactivation of the metal active sites.
Cell Volume Measurements by Optical Transmission Microscopy
Authors: Model Michael A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCell volume is an important parameter in studying cell adaptation to anisosmotic stress, activation of monovalent ion channels, and cell death. This article describes a method for measurement of the volumes of adherent cells using a standard light microscope. A coverslip with attached cells is placed in a shallow chamber in a medium containing a strongly absorbing and cell‐impermeant dye, Acid Blue 9. When such a sample is imaged in transmitted light at a wavelength of maximum dye absorption (630 nm), the resulting contrast quantitatively reflects cell thickness; once the thickness is known at every point, the volume can be computed as well. Technical details, interpretation of data, and possible artifacts are discussed. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Mesophases Made of Salt‐Acid‐Surfactant Systems for the Synthesis of Novel Mesoporous Lithium Metal Phosphates
Authors: Uzunok Işıl , Kim Jeonghun , Çolak Tuluhan O. , Kim Dae Sik , Kim Hansu , Kim Minjun , Yamauchi Yusuke , Dag Ömer 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMesoporous lithium metal phosphates are an important class of materials for the development of lithium ion batteries. However, there is a limited success in producing mesoporous lithium metal phosphates in the literature. Here, a lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) templating method was employed to synthesize the first examples of LiMPO4 (LMP) of Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II). A homogeneous aqueous solution of lithium and transition metal nitrate salts, phosphoric acid (PA), and surfactant (P123) can be spin coated or drop‐cast coated over glass slides to form the LLC mesophases which can be calcined into mesoporous amorphous LMPs (MA‐LMPs). The metal salts of Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) produce MA‐LMPs that crystallize into olivine structures by heat treatment of the LLC mesophase. The Fe(II) compound undergoes air oxidation. Therefore, both Fe(II) and Fe(III) precursors produce a crystalline Li3Fe2(PO4)3 phase at over 400 °C. The MA‐LMPs show no reactivity towards lithium, however the crystalline iron compound exhibits electrochemical reactivity with lithium and a good electrochemical energy storage ability using a lithium‐ion battery test.
Emerging role of γδ T cells in vaccine‐mediated protection from infectious diseases
Authors: Dantzler Kathleen W , de la Parte Lauren , Jagannathan Prasanna 
Published: August 2019

Abstractγδ T cells are fascinating cells that bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. They have long been known to proliferate rapidly following infection; however, the identity of the specific γδ T cell subsets proliferating and the role of this expansion in protection from disease have only been explored more recently. Several recent studies have investigated γδ T‐cell responses to vaccines targeting infections such as Mycobacterium, Plasmodium and influenza, and studies in animal models have provided further insight into the association of these responses with improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we examine the evidence for a role for γδ T cells in vaccine‐induced protection against various bacterial, protozoan and viral infections. We further discuss results suggesting potential mechanisms for protection, including cytokine‐mediated direct and indirect killing of infected cells, and highlight remaining open questions in the field. Finally, building on current efforts to integrate strategies targeting γδ T cells into immunotherapies for cancer, we discuss potential approaches to improve vaccines for infectious diseases by inducing γδ T‐cell activation and cytotoxicity.
Constellation design and performance analysis of the parallel spatial modulation
Authors: Mohaisen Manar 
Published: August 2019

SummarySpatial modulation (SM) is a relatively recent multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) system in which information is carried by the index of the antenna used for transmission as well as by the conventional signal symbols. Several systems that build upon SM have since been proposed including the generalized SM (GSM), a variant of GSM with multiple active antennas (MA‐SM), quadrature SM (QSM), and parallel SM (PSM), among others. The PSM system can increase the spectral efficiency by splitting the antenna set into groups and applying SM independently in each group using the same signal symbol. In this paper, we first derive the upper bound on the error probability of the PSM. The search of the optimal constellation set is then formulated as a multi‐objective optimization problem, where the obtained constellation minimizes the asymptotic error probability. We conclude that as the number of antenna groups increases, the proposed constellation converges to the conventional phase‐shift keying at relatively low number of transmit antennas. The simulation results show that the proposed constellation outperforms conventional constellations by as much as 5 dB, for high‐modulation orders. Since the multi‐objective optimization is independent of the channel matrix, it can be easily done off‐line. This implies that these gains come at no complexity or delay cost.