bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report of granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia and review of the literature
Authors: Jia Sangyang , Jae James , Hsia Cyrus C. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageGranular acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare variant of the disease that is associated with a lower remission rate to standard induction chemotherapy. Flow immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular diagnostics should be utilized to confirm the diagnosis of ALL versus acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in order to provide appropriate management.
On the Theory of Electrolytic Dissociation, the Greenhouse Effect, and Activation Energy in (Electro)Catalysis: A Tribute to Svante Augustus Arrhenius
Authors: Masa Justus , Barwe Stefan , Andronescu Corina , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSvante Augustus Arrhenius (1859, Vik ‐ 1927, Stockholm) received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903 “in recognition of the extraordinary services he rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation”. Arrhenius was a physicist, and he received his PhD from the University of Uppsala, where he later became a professor for phyiscal chemistry, the first in the country for this subject. He was offered several positions as professor abroad, but decided to remain in Sweden and to build a Nobel Institute for physical chemistry using the Nobel funds. He remained director of the Institute until his death.
There are powerful lessons to take from Svante August Arrhenius’ journey leading to a Nobel laureate as there are from his tremendous contributions to chemistry and science in general, including climate science, immunochemistry and cosmology. The theory of electrolytic dissociation for which Arrhenius received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has had a profound impact on our understanding of the chemistry of solutions, chemical reactivity, mechanisms underlying chemical transformations as well as physiological processes. As a tribute to Arrhenius, we present a brief historical perspective and present status of the theory of electrolytic dissociation, its relevance and role to the development of electrochemistry, as well as some perspectives on the possible role of the theory to future advancements in electroanalysis, electrocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage. The review briefly highlights Arrhenius’ contribution to climate science owing to his studies on the potential effects of increased anthropogenic CO2 emissions on the global climate. These studies were far ahead of their time and revealed a daunting global dilemma, global warming, that we are faced with today. Efforts to abate or reverse CO2 accumulation constitute one of the most pressing scientific problems of our time, “man's urgent strive to save self from the adverse effects of his self‐orchestrated change on the climate”. Finally, we review the application of the Arrhenius equation that correlates reaction rate constants (k) and temperature (T);
, in determining reaction barriers in catalysis with a particular focus on recent modifications of the equation to account for reactions exhibiting non‐linear Arrhenius behavior with concave curvature due to prevalence of quantum mechanical tunneling, as well as infrequent convexity of Arrhenius plots due to decrease of the microcanonical rate coefficient with energy as observed for some enzyme catalyzed reactions.
Continuous Synthesis of Nanominerals in Supercritical Water
Authors: Claverie Marie , Diez‐Garcia Marta , Martin François , Aymonier Cyril 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of minerals should play a crucial role in the development of new and advanced materials. Since 2016, a renewal of interest to enlarge the mineral synthesis towards industrial requirements has been observed, especially thanks to three main recent papers. The innovative process exposed combines a continuous process with the use of supercritical water. In addition to curtail synthesis times, this process offers a control on the particle characteristics (size, crystallinity, structure, etc.) and a capacity to be easily transferable at an industrial scale. This innovative concept is demonstrated with the synthesis of three minerals which are the talc (a phyllomineral), the xonotlite and the tobermorite (two inominerals). This article proposes an overview of the possibilities to synthesize nanominerals in continuous processing for the development of advanced materials with promising industrial applications.
Experimental Insights into the Growth of Single Truncated Anatase Bipyramids
Authors: Mulcahy Justin R. , He Shuai , Jin Decarle S. , Guo Wenxiao , Arteta Sarah , Cliff John B. , Zhu Zihua , Wei Wei David 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFluorine has been recognized to selectively stabilize anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) crystal facets; however, resolving its physical location at the nanometer scale remains empirically elusive. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence to reveal the spatial distribution of fluorine on single truncated anatase bipyramids (TABs) using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS). Fluorine was found to preferentially adsorb on the (001) facet compared to the (101) facet of TABs. Moreover, NanoSIMS depth profiling exhibited a significantly different fluorine distribution between these two facets in the near‐surface region, illustrating the essential role of lattice‐doped fluorine in the anisotropic crystal growth of TABs.
Operating performance assessment and non‐optimal cause identification for chemical process
Authors: Tao Yang , Shi Hongbo , Song Bing , Tan Shuai 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a novel operating performance assessment and non‐optimal cause identification approach is proposed for chemical process. Firstly, a modified method that contains both temporal and variance information is developed for grade classification. These obtained grades are divided into three levels and each level would have its specific processing scheme. Secondly, a new weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) is proposed and multiple assessment models are established. WPCA selects the principal components that contain feature information of each grade, rather than based on the variance contribution. Then a similarity index is constructed to assess the performance online. After that, a weighted contribution plot that can highlight the non‐optimal responsible variables is presented. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated through the Tennessee Eastman process.
Photocurrent Response and Progesterone Degradation by Employing WO3 Films Modified with Platinum and Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Joseita dos Santos Costa Maria , dos Santos Costa Gilson , Estefany Brandão Lima Aline , Eduardo da Luz Júnior Geraldo , Longo Elson , Santos Cavalcante Laécio , da Silva Santos Reginaldo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe effect of silver (Ag0) and platinum (Pt0) metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on WO3 film was investigated by studying the photocurrent response under polychromatic irradiation. The structural phase revealed by X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates a monoclinic crystal nanostructure. WO3, Ag0/WO3, and Pt0/WO3 electrodes were used to degrade 0.35 mg L−1 progesterone hormone in aqueous solution under polychromatic irradiation for 3h. The studies on degradation were investigated under electrochemically assisted heterogeneous photocatalysis (EHP) conditions. For photodegradation of progesterone, higher performance was achieved when WO3 was functionalized and when the EHP configuration was adopted with bias at +0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl. This study reveals that incorporation of metallic NPs onto a semiconductor increases its efficiency, thereby preventing electron‐hole recombination in the photocatalyst and photoelectrochemical limitations of WO3 due to surface plasmon resonance and the trapping state. Therefore, efficient advances in the degradation of organic contaminants during water treatment can be realized.
Aerobic exercise training may improve nerve function in type 2 diabetes and pre‐diabetes: A systematic review
Authors: Gu Yu , Dennis Sarah M. , Kiernan Matthew C. , Harmer Alison R. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryDiabetic neuropathy is a major complication of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence also suggests that people with pre‐diabetes may develop similar symptoms related to nerve dysfunction. While regular exercise provides many benefits to patients with diabetes, whether exercise influences nerve function has not been established. As such, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate current evidence regarding the effect of exercise training on the progression and development of diabetic neuropathy. A systematic search of MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, AMED, PEDro, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases identified a total of 12 studies that were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Quality rating and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. The 12 included studies examined people with pre‐diabetes (n = 1) and with type 2 diabetes (n = 11). There was heterogeneity of study quality and exercise type and dosage among these studies. Eleven studies reported that exercise training had a positive influence on nerve function or neuropathy‐related symptoms; and only one study reported mild adverse events. Evidence from this systematic review suggests aerobic exercise training may positively influence nerve function among people with type 2 diabetes, with minimal risk of adverse events. Further research will be required to determine the optimal dosage of exercise training and the effect on nerve function in pre‐diabetes and in women with previous gestational diabetes. This review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018088182).
Differences in the fungal communities nursed by two genetic groups of the alpine cushion plant,Silene acaulis
Authors: Roy Julien , Bonneville Jean‐Marc , Saccone Patrick , Ibanez Sébastian , Albert Cécile H. , Boleda Marti , Gueguen Maya , Ohlmann Marc , Rioux Delphine , Clément Jean‐Christophe , Lavergne Sébastien , Geremia Roberto A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFoundation plants shape the composition of local biotic communities and abiotic environments, but the impact of a plant's intraspecific variations on these processes is poorly understood. We examined these links in the alpine cushion moss campion (Silene acaulis) on two neighboring mountain ranges in the French Alps. Genotyping of cushion plants revealed two genetic clusters matching known subspecies. Theexscapasubspecies was found on both limestone and granite, while thelongiscapaone was only found on limestone. Even on similar limestone bedrock, cushion soils from the twoS. acaulissubspecies deeply differed in their impact on soil abiotic conditions. They further strikingly differed from each other and from the surrounding bare soils in fungal community composition. Plant genotype variations accounted for a large part of the fungal composition variability in cushion soils, even when considering geography or soil chemistry, and particularly for the dominant molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs). Both saprophytic and biotrophic fungal taxa were related to the MOTUs recurrently associated with a single plant genetic cluster. Moreover, the putative phytopathogens were abundant, and within the same genus (Cladosporium) or species (Pyrenopeziza brassicae), MOTUs showing specificity for each plant subspecies were found. Our study highlights the combined influences of bedrock and plant genotype on fungal recruitment into cushion soils and suggests the coexistence of two mechanisms, an indirect selection resulting from the colonization of an engineered soil by free‐living saprobes and a direct selection resulting from direct plant–fungi interactions.
Risk words suggestion for information security audit by Bayesian inference
Authors: Satoh Naoki , Samejima Masaki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe present risk word suggestion for enabling an auditor to identify potential risks based on words of identified risks in an audit report. Once the auditor describes the identified risks in the report, words related to the potential risks are inferred with words in the description of the identified risks, and suggested to the auditor. For the word inference, we assume that words of potential risks and identified risks are related to each other, and by applying Bayesian inference we reveal the relation between the words. In our evaluation experiments with real five cases, Bayesian inference can suggest the words for identifying potential risks. Furthermore, two auditors can accurately identify potential risks by the suggested words.
An attribute‐diversity approach to functional diversity, functional beta diversity, and related (dis)similarity measures
Authors: Chao Anne , Chiu Chun‐Huo , Villéger Sébastien , Sun I‐Fang , Thorn Simon , Lin Yi‐Ching , Chiang Jyh‐Min , Sherwin William B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBased on the framework of attribute diversity (a generalization of Hill numbers of order q), we develop a class of functional diversity measures sensitive not only to species abundances but also to trait‐based species‐pairwise functional distances. The new method refines and improves on the conventional species‐equivalent approach in three areas: (1) the conventional method often gives similar values (close to unity) to assemblages with contrasting levels of functional diversity; (2) when a distance metric is unbounded, the conventional functional diversity depends on the presence/absence of other assemblages in the study; (3) in partitioning functional gamma diversity into alpha and beta components, the conventional gamma is sometimes less than alpha. To resolve these issues, we add to the attribute‐diversity framework a novel concept: τ, the threshold of functional distinctiveness between any two species; here, τ can be chosen to be any positive value. Any two species with functional distance ≥ τ are treated as functionally equally distinct. Our functional diversity quantifies the effective number of functionally equally distinct species (or “virtual functional groups”) with all pairwise distances at least τ for different species pairs. We advocate the use of two complementary diversity profiles (τ profile and q profile), which depict functional diversity with varying levels of τ and q, respectively. Both the conventional species‐equivalent method (i.e., τ is the maximum of species‐pairwise distances) and classic taxonomic diversity (i.e., τ is the minimum of non‐zero species‐pairwise distances) are incorporated into our proposed τ profile for an assemblage. For any type of species‐pairwise distance matrices, our attribute‐diversity approach allows proper diversity partitioning, with the desired property gamma ≥ alpha and thus avoids all the restrictions that apply to the conventional diversity decomposition. Our functional alpha and gamma are interpreted as the effective numbers of functionally equally distinct species, respectively, in an assemblage and in the pooled assemblage, while beta is the effective number of equally large assemblages with no shared species and all species in the assemblages being equally distinct. The resulting beta diversity can be transformed to obtain abundance‐sensitive Sørensen‐ and Jaccard‐type functional (dis)similarity profiles. Hypothetical and real examples are used to illustrate the framework. Online software and R codes are available to facilitate computations.
Evaluation of the Oxidative Stability of Cold‐Pressed Rapeseed Oil by Rancimat and Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurements
Authors: Symoniuk Edyta , Ratusz Katarzyna , Krygier Krzysztof 
Published: November 2018

Cold‐pressed market rapeseed oils are evaluated for oxidative stability using two accelerated methods: Rancimat and pressure differential scanning calorimetry. In the study, oils are also determined by their acid, peroxide and p‐anisidine values, fatty acid composition, antioxidants capacity, and phenolic compounds content. Obtained results of oxidative stability are correlated to determine the possibility of using interchangeably tested methods. To examine the impact of individual quality factors on oil oxidative stability, the principal components analysis is applied. Analyzed oils are characterized by good quality, having a typical fatty acid composition, and oxidative stability. Rapeseed oils induction time are determined by Rancimat measurement at 100 °C and pressure differential scanning calorimetry test at a temperature of 120 °C. The induction times obtained using these two methods are strongly correlated (r = 0.96). A high value of correlation coefficient might be caused by too little differentiation; thus the possibility of using these methods interchangeably may be applied only to results range between 12.96 and 14.03 h for a Rancimat method and 60.28–67.05 min for PDSC measurements. Principal components analysis shows that the greatest influence on rapeseed oil induction time in Rancimat, and PDSC methods have peroxide values (r = −0.73 and r = −0.80, respectively), Totox indicators (r = −0.67 and r = −0.75, respectively), and total polyphenols content (r = 0.67 and r = 0.78, respectively). There is no correlation between the monounsaturated fatty acid content and the antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the induction time is poorly correlated with saturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and pigments content.Practical Applications: The results show that Rancimat and pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) methods might be used interchangeably (r = 0.96) for assessing the oxidation stability of cold‐pressed rapeseed oil, for a given set of data. PDSC can be recommended as an appropriate objective method for evaluating the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed rapeseed oils. Results of the principal component analysis (PCA) proved that its primary oxidation state has a high influence on cold‐pressed rapeseed oil oxidative stability. Differences in rapeseed oil oxidation stability do not depend on its fatty acid composition.Market cold‐pressed rapeseed oils are evaluated for their chemical composition and oxidative stability using Rancimat and PDSC measurements. Based on the obtained results the correlation between oxidative stability determined by these two methods and the influence of the individual quality factors on oil oxidative stability is determined by applying the principal component analysis.
Multiphase non equilibrium pipe flow behaviors in the solid fluidization exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate reservoir
Authors: Wei Na , Sun Wantong , Meng Yingfeng , Liu Anqi , Zhao Jinzhou , Zhou Shouwei , Zhang Liehui , Li Qingping 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn recent years, marine hydrate has attracted more and more attentions. As a creative way to efficiently exploit marine hydrate, the method of solid fluidization exploitation is to excavate and crush hydrate, transport hydrate particles to sea surface platform through airtight pipeline, and obtain methane gas finally. When hydrate particles are transported up, as temperature rises and pressure drops, hydrate will decompose at a certain critical position and produce a large amount of gas, bringing complicated gas‐liquid‐solid multiphase non equilibrium pipe flow, and seriously threating well control securities. Thus, we establish mathematical models of wellbore temperature and pressure, hydrate phase equilibrium, hydrate dynamic decomposition in riser pipe flow and wellbore multiphase flow coupling hydrate dynamic decomposition, and propose and verify numerical calculation method. Then numerical model application analysis under different construction parameters is carried out, influence behaviors of multiphase non equilibrium pipe flow are obtained, and field construction measures are put forward. Properly increasing solid throughput can increase production of natural gas. However, problems such as well control risks will intensify. Therefore, delivery capacity, liquid density, and wellhead back pressure should be increased appropriately at the same time. This study provides important technical support for solid fluidization exploitation of marine hydrate.
Hardware designs and analysis for variant receive space modulation techniques
Authors: Hiari Omar , Mesleh Raed 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHardware designs for variant receive space modulation techniques (RSMTs) containing a reduced number of hardware components are proposed in this study. RSMTs rely on precoding of transmitted signals through channel knowledge at the transmitter to spatially modulate the receive antennas. As such, certain receive antennas will only receive messages while all other antennas will not receive any signal. It has been debated in literature that different RSMTs can be designed with single radio frequency (RF) chain receiver. Yet, practical designs are not yet available in literature. In this paper, a family of receiver designs for RSMTs based on commercial off‐the‐shelf components (COTS) are proposed and analyzed. Average error probability, power consumption, cost, and receiver complexity of the different techniques are presented and discussed. Additionally, Simulink models for all these systems are developed and presented. It is revealed that all RSMTs, in fact, do not require more than a single RF chain receiver or in some cases no RF chain, just by utilizing COTS components.
Detection of plant protein in adulterated milk using nontargeted nano‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis
Authors: Yang Jinhui , Zheng Nan , Soyeurt Hélène , Yang Yongxin , Wang Jiaqi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to detect plant protein adulterated in fluid milk using nano‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–tandem mass spectroscopy (LC‐MS/MS) combined with proteomics. Unadulterated milk and samples adulterated with soy protein, pea protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and hydrolyzed rice protein were prepared, with plant protein level ranged from 0.5% to 8% in total protein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) gels clearly revealed that centrifugation at 20,000 g for 60 min would reduce band intensity of casein and albumin in milk. Results of nano‐HPLC‐MS/MS indicated the major proteins of soy (β‐conglycinin, glycinin), pea (vincilin, convicilin, legumin), and wheat (glutenin and gliadin) in adulterated milks, allowing detection of soy protein and hydrolyzed wheat protein at the level above 0.5% in total protein and pea protein at the level of 2 and 4%. No rice protein was identified in milk samples adulterated with hydrolyzed rice protein. Combined with principal component analysis, nano‐HPLC‐MS/MS could discriminate all the adulterated samples from authentic milk. This study demonstrated the feasibility of nano‐HPLC‐MS/MS on the detection of (hydrolyzed) plant protein adulterated in milk.