bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stained glass ceilings: Gender and race in accounting academia in Brazil
Authors: Cerqueira da Silva Sandra Maria , Pereira de Castro Casa Nova Silvia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBrazil is divided into five large regions marked by profound economic and social inequalities. Such vast differences can make people feel like “foreigners”, even though they live in the same country. Here, meritocracy is seen as the criterion for assessing and promoting people, which is conflicting given the absurdly unequal contexts in the country. This choice widens inequalities of gender, race and, above all, social class. Between 2000 and 2018, Brazil experienced profound social transformations. Female participation in the labor market grew, although there were still barriers to access and professional advancement for women, which were exacerbated in the case of black women. When it came to leadership positions, they were almost always blocked by processes which depended on subjective decisions from evaluators. These circumstances occur through daily confrontations with processes of sexualisation and racialisation. These transformations were followed in the most recent period by clear setbacks, deepened by the COVID‐19 pandemic and intense political polarization. A milestone in terms of Esperançar, a verb proposed by Paulo Freire (1992), were the 2022 presidential elections, understood as a process of re‐democratisation. The social achievements that have been maintained, however, are ‘advances’ that work differently when the diversity of the population and regional differences are taken into account. With this particular context in mind, the aim of this study is to investigate how the “glass ceiling” phenomenon has been present in the daily interactions and academic trajectory of black women in the accounting field. The question that underpinned this study was: how can the academic accounting environment, considering practice and discourse, boost or hinder the “glass ceiling” phenomenon in the professional career of black female academics? This is a qualitative study with a post‐structuralist approach, based on the adoption of auto‐ethnographic and oral history techniques. The evidence was built up through semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews with female academics who had graduated from postgraduate programmes. This corpus was analyzed from an interpretivist perspective and the findings reveal that the “glass ceiling” phenomenon is present in accounting academia in Brazil and is expressed in barriers specific to the field. Barriers are erected in processes of closure, blocking the path of black women who aim to succeed in prestigious academic spaces, regardless of their level of qualification. In this way, they are conceptualized as “stained glass ceilings”, because the barriers become visible and concrete in a country where racism is a structuring element of social relations.
Clinical outcome of guided endodontics versus freehand drilling: A controlled clinical trial, single arm with external control group
Authors: Torres A. , Dierickx M. , Lerut K. , Bleyen S. , Shaheen E. , Coucke W. , Pedano M. S. , Lambrechts P. , Jacobs R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimHigh‐quality, prospective clinical studies are needed to increase evidence for guided endodontics. This study aims to assess the clinical outcome of guided endodontics for treatment of teeth presenting with pulp canal obliteration (PCO) in comparison with freehand treatment.MethodologyThis trial was registered in the ISRCTN.com registry (ISRCTN75277265) and designed as a controlled clinical trial: Single arm trial, prospective, nonrandomized, single‐centre study (ethical approval number S64630). Inclusion criteria were; tooth presenting with PCO and symptoms and/or signs of apical periodontitis (AP). An external control group was selected from clinical records of patients presenting the same criteria but treated freehanded. Guided root canal treatments were performed by the same operator on all patients. Freehanded treatments were performed by a specialist in endodontics under microscope with pre‐operative CBCT available. Primary outcome for both groups was evaluated as: canal found, canal not found, or perforation. As secondary outcome, the qualitative accuracy of the drill path was assessed as: optimal precision, acceptable precision or technical failure. Patients were followed up yearly. Descriptive statistics on the study patient's demographics and healing outcome were performed and specific statistical analysis was performed on each outcome variable.ResultsA total of 133 teeth were included (n = 60 guided, n = 73 freehanded) from 128 patients (n = 59 guided, n = 69 freehanded). The primary outcome for the guided group was: 59 teeth canals found and 1 tooth canal not found. No perforations were recorded. In the freehanded group, the root canal was successfully found in 59 teeth, seven were not found, and seven had a perforation. An analysis of all data showed that guided endodontics presented statistically significant better outcome than freehand treatment (p < .05).ConclusionGuided endodontics showed a statistically significant better outcome than freehanded treatment resulting in less technical failures. However, it is a complex procedure which should be carried out by an experienced endodontist with the aid of a dental microscope.
The Association Between Social Support and L2 Learning Engagement: The Mediating Roles of L2 Resilience and Control
Authors: Wang Yabing , Wang Na , Liu Fangsong , Yu Xiaoxiao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith the rise of positive psychology in the field of second/foreign (L2) language acquisition, an increasing number of studies have delved into the factors influencing L2 engagement. While the interplay between environmental and personal factors has been acknowledged, we know little about whether and how different sources of social support influence L2 engagement via personal sources. To fill the gap, the current study recruited 649 Chinese English as a foreign language undergraduates and measured their perceived social support, L2 resilience, control, and engagement. Correlation analyses found that the four variables were positively correlated. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that out of the three sources of social support, only teacher support had a direct impact on L2 engagement. Additionally, L2 resilience and control co‐mediated the path between teacher support and L2 engagement. Further inspection found that L2 resilience mediated the path from teacher support to all four dimensions of L2 engagement. However, L2 control only mediated the path from teacher support to cognitive and emotional engagement. The findings echoed the importance of teacher support in motivating L2 learning behaviors. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are also discussed.
Identification of clonally expanded γδ T‐cell populations during CAR‐T cell therapy
Authors: Safavi Arman , Samir Jerome , Singh Mandeep , Bonomi Martina , Louie Raymond Yip , Micklethwaite Kenneth , Luciani Fabio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAnti‐CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapies have shown promise for treating B cell malignancies, but the clinical outcome is influenced by both the CAR‐T product and the patient's immune system. The role of γδ T cells in the context of CAR‐T cell therapy remains poorly understood. This study investigates the transcriptional heterogeneity, clonal expansion and dynamics of γδ T cells in patients undergoing anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy. Longitudinal single cell multi‐omics analysis was performed on γδ T cells from four patients receiving anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy. Single cell RNA‐seq, antibody‐based protein profiling (AbSeq) and full‐length TCRγδ sequences revealed clonally expanded populations displaying plasticity in T cell differentiation, and temporal dynamics of large clones, suggesting ongoing expansion and differentiation. Clonally expanded γδ T cells had heterogeneous gene expression profiles, occupying seven transcriptionally distinct clusters. Analysis of chemokine markers indicated cluster‐specific homing tendencies of circulating γδ T cells to peripheral tissues. We found unexpectedly high frequencies of Vδ1 and Vδ3 cells in the blood with distinct gene and protein expression profiles. This analysis provides insights into the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of γδ T cells following anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy, contributing valuable information for optimizing CAR‐T cell therapies in B cell malignancies.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Renal Denervation for Uncontrolled Hypertension in Japan
Authors: Kario Kazuomi , Cao Khoa N. , Tanaka Yuji , Ryschon Anne M. , Pietzsch Jan B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRadiofrequency renal denervation (RF RDN) is a novel therapy for uncontrolled hypertension. In the recent sham‐controlled SPYRAL HTN‐ON MED study, office‐based systolic blood pressure (oSBP) and nighttime BP were reduced significantly. This study examined the cost‐effectiveness of RF RDN in the context of the Japanese healthcare system based on this latest clinical evidence.Clinical events, costs, and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) were projected using a decision‐analytic Markov model adjusted to Japanese incidence data. Risk reduction in clinical events from changes in oSBP was calculated based on a published meta‐regression of 47 trials of intentional hypertension treatment. Demographics and results from the SPYRAL HTN‐ON MED trial (oSBP effect size −4.9 mmHg vs. sham) were utilized in the base case analysis. Additional scenarios were explored including the potential added benefit of improved night‐time control. Costs were sourced from claims data and published literature. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) was evaluated against a cost‐effectiveness threshold of ¥5 000 000 per QALY gained.RF RDN was projected to reduce clinical events (10‐year relative risks: 0.80 for stroke, 0.88 for myocardial infarction, and 0.75 for heart failure). Over lifetime, RF RDN added 0.36 QALYs at the incremental cost of ¥923 723, resulting in an ICER of ¥2 565 236 per QALY gained. Under the assumption of added night‐time benefit, the ICER decreased to ¥2 155 895 per QALY. Cost‐effectiveness findings were robust across all tested scenarios.The findings of this model‐based analysis suggest that RF RDN can provide meaningful clinical event reductions and is a cost‐effective treatment option in the Japanese healthcare system.
Growth performance and enzymatic activities in monosex tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) supplemented with Najas indica along with the compound identification of the extracts
Authors: Tithi Supriya Roy , Ghosh Alokesh Kumar , Zilani Md Nazmul Hasan , Aktar Sharmin , Uddin Shaikh Jamal , Shahid Rahat Bin , Sarower Md. Golam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent research has looked at various macroalgae species as dietary components or feed additives for a variety of fish species due to their nutritional value. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of Najas indica, a macroalgae extract, on the growth performance, proximate composition, and metabolic activities of monosex tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), while also isolating the compounds present. Three distinct solvents (n‐hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) were used to extract bioactive compounds from a coarse powder of macroalgae after drying and grinding, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was used to detect bioactive compounds. The extracts were combined with commercial feed (0.4%) and applied to the treatment with three replications and a control containing 50 fingerlings per tank for 5 weeks. The findings indicated a significant increase in the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate among the treated fish, whereas the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed to decrease in comparison to the control group. Significantly higher levels of protein and lipids were found in treated fish, whereas moisture and ash levels were significantly lower compared to control fish. In treated fish, the digestive enzyme amylase was significantly higher, but the protease enzyme reduced significantly. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was significantly higher in the treatment group, whereas the catalase (CAT) enzyme did not differ significantly. A total of 47 bioactive compounds were identified in N. indica, among which the prominent compounds included n‐hexadecanoic acid, neophytadiene, phytyl palmitate, d‐mannitol, and heptanoic acid. The results obtained from this study indicate that the utilization of N. indica macroalgae extract has the potential to serve as an additional dietary component, therefore, enhancing the growth performance and metabolic functions of fish.
In situ isotropic 3D imaging of vasculature perfusion specimens using x‐ray microscopic dual‐energy CT
Authors: Handschuh Stephan , Reichart Ursula , Kummer Stefan , Glösmann Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEx vivo x‐ray angiography provides high‐resolution, three‐dimensional information on vascular phenotypes down to the level of capillaries. Sample preparation for ex vivo angiography starts with the removal of blood from the vascular system, followed by perfusion with an x‐ray dense contrast agent mixed with a carrier such as gelatine or a polymer. Subsequently, the vascular micro‐architecture of harvested organs is imaged in the intact fixed organ. In the present study, we present novel microscopic dual‐energy CT (microDECT) imaging protocols that allow to visualise and analyse microvasculature in situ with reference to the morphology of hard and soft tissue. We show that the spectral contrast of µAngiofil and Micropaque barium sulphate in perfused specimens allows for the effective separation of vasculature from mineralised skeletal tissues. Furthermore, we demonstrate the counterstaining of perfused specimens using established x‐ray dense contrast agents to depict blood vessels together with the morphology of soft tissue. Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) is used as a counterstain that shows excellent spectral contrast in both µAngiofil and Micropaque barium sulphate–perfused specimens. A novel Sorensen‐buffered PTA protocol is introduced as a counterstain for µAngiofil specimens, as the polyurethane polymer is susceptible to artefacts when using conventional staining solutions. Finally, we demonstrate that counterstained samples can be automatically processed into three separate image channels (skeletal tissue, vasculature and stained soft tissue), which offers multiple new options for data analysis. The presented microDECT workflows are suited as tools to screen and quantify microvasculature and can be implemented in various correlative imaging pipelines to target regions of interest for downstream light microscopic investigation.
Association of maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy with fetal birth weight and preschooler growth status: A retrospective birth cohort study
Authors: Yang Lan , Ling Zhengjia , Yao Di , Su Jingna , He Shufeng , Zhou Xiaopei , Gu Ying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThere is limited and conflicting evidence available regarding the correlation between maternal vitamin D status and childhood overweight and body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to investigate the following: (1) potential association between maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and newborn growth status; (2) relationship between maternal 25OHD levels and BMI and the risk of overweight with preschoolers being overweight.MethodsA cohort of 3213 eligible singleton mother–infant pairs were used to investigate the possible associations between maternal 25(OH)D levels and fetal growth status. Data of 1767 available singleton mother–infant pairs and 6‐year‐old preschoolers was applied to analyze the potential correlations between maternal 25(OH)D status and risk of childhood overweight.ResultsCompared with sufficient 25(OH)D in pregnancy group (≥75 nmol/L), there were no correlations between the maternal 25(OH)D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) and large gestational age (LGA) (p = 0.465), small gestational age (SGA) (p = 0.607), lower birth weight (LBW) (p = 0.725) or fetal macrosomia (p = 0.535). Moreover, no significant associations between insufficient maternal 25(OH)D (50–75 nmol/L) and LGA (p = 0.505), SGA (p = 0.816), LBW (p = 0.816), or fetal macrosomia (p = 0.413) were observed. We found statistically significant disparities between the fetal birth weight and height (p < 0.001), weight (p < 0.001), head circumference (p = 0.001) of 6‐years preschooler. No significant associations were found between the maternal 25(OH)D levels and BMI and risk of overweight at 6‐year‐old preschoolers.ConclusionThere were no apparent correlation found between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and fetal birth status. There was no evidence found to suggest the effect of maternal 25(OH)D level on overweight at 6‐year‐old preschoolers.
Paediatric oral and maxillofacial biopsies: A retrospective institutional archival study
Authors: Tengku Hamzah Tengku Nurfarhana Nadirah , Mahmood Marwan Majdi , Izham Muhammad Syuwari , Goh Yet Ching 
Published: November 2024

AimThis is a retrospective cross‐sectional study of oral and maxillofacial biopsies in paediatric population, up to 16 years of age from 1991 to 2021. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of paediatric biopsies according to the diagnosis categories of the main tertiary centre in Malaysia.MethodsA total of 17294 histopathological reports from Diagnostic Oral Pathology Unit between 1991 and 2021 were retrieved. One thousand eleven histopathological reports that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Information of interest was extracted from histopathological reports. The lesions were categorised into 10 diagnosis categories. Descriptive and correlation analysis were performed.ResultsPaediatric oral and maxillofacial biopsies accounted for 5.9% of the total biopsies received. The peak incidence of diagnosis was in age range of 12 to 16 years old and mean age of 11.6 years old (±3.5), with female preponderance. The most common category of diagnosis was salivary gland pathology with mucocele (30%) being the most frequently diagnosed lesions. Lip and labial mucosa were the commonest site of occurrence. Specimen sizes smaller than 1 cm were the most common specimen diameter with mean size of 1.6 cm (±1.5). Age, site of occurrence and specimen size were statistically significant (P < 0.05) with paediatric oral and maxillofacial biopsies.ConclusionThis is a large‐scale study of paediatric oral and maxillofacial biopsies of a tertiary centre over three decades. We hope this data is useful for chairside assessment and aids in diagnosis making.
Genetic Diversity and Ecogeographical Niche Overlap Among Hybridising Ox‐Eye Daisies (Leucanthemum, Asteraceae) in the Carpathian Mountains: The Impact of Anthropogenic Disturbances
Authors: Konowalik Kamil , Tomasello Salvatore , Urbaniak Jacek 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTClimate change and human influence are transforming mountain ecosystems, significantly impacting species distributions and biodiversity. Among these changes, the upward migration of lowland species into mountain regions stands out. This study examines the ecogeographical niche overlap and genetic diversity among three Leucanthemum species distributed along an altitudinal gradient in the Carpathian Mountains: the lowland L. ircutianum (4x), the montane L. rotundifolium (2x) and the alpine L. gaudinii (2x). By genotyping over 600 individuals using SNP analysis, followed by principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), Neighbour‐Net Network and Structure clustering, we reveal not just distinct genetic groups but also hybridisation across all species, suggesting the potential for triple hybrids. Genetic admixture is further supported by environmental background and niche overlap analyses that reveal substantial overlap among species, particularly in line with their vertical distribution. Climate envelope plots indicate a likely reduction in available habitat for mountainous species due to climate change, leading to an increase in competition and an intensification of hybridisation. Anthropogenic influences are further intensifying these hybridisation trends. Among the studied species, L. gaudinii is most at risk of overwhelming hybridisation, whereas L. ircutianum may experience habitat expansion. By providing a comprehensive genetic and ecological overview, our research highlights the significance of hybridisation in biodiversity conservation and the challenges posed by environmental changes and anthropogenic activities in mountain environments. This study not only contributes to the understanding of genetic diversity in the Carpathians but also underscores the broader implications for molecular ecology and conservation strategies in mountain ecosystems.
Gilroy's Black Atlantic diaspora: climate displacement and rights‐bearing beyond the nation
Authors: Sæten Nanna Lilletvedt 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNationalism studies have only recently started to grapple with the Anthropocene as a foundational shift for the discipline. One of the effects of climate change is the forced displacement of large populations, and if access to rights cannot be ensured outside the structures of territorial sovereignty, this migration could easily translate into widespread rightlessness. I argue that this necessitates a rethinking of how communities become rights‐bearing and how such rights‐bearing communities have existed outside the structures of the nation‐state. Specifically, I propose looking to Paul Gilroy's account of the Black Atlantic diaspora as an example of a rights‐bearing community that successfully claimed “the right to have rights” through a concerted effort of vocalising experiences of displacement. Reading Gilroy through rights‐scholarship in political theory I argue that the Black Atlantic can inform work on climate diasporas and their latent political potential as rights‐bearing communities.
The first intron and promoter of Arabidopsis DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE 1 exert synergistic effects on pollen and embryo lipid accumulation
Authors: McGuire Sean T. , Shockey Jay , Bates Philip D. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) is crucial during various stages of plant development. In Arabidopsis, two enzymes share overlapping functions to produce TAGs, namely acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (PDAT1). Loss of function of both genes in a dgat1‐1/pdat1‐2 double mutant is gametophyte lethal. However, the key regulatory elements controlling tissue‐specific expression of either gene has not yet been identified.
We transformed a dgat1‐1/dgat1‐1//PDAT1/pdat1‐2 parent with transgenic constructs containing the Arabidopsis DGAT1 promoter fused to the AtDGAT1 open reading frame either with or without the first intron.
Triple homozygous plants were obtained, however, in the absence of the DGAT1 first intron anthers fail to fill with pollen, seed yield is c. 10% of wild‐type, seed oil content remains reduced (similar to dgat1‐1/dgat1‐1), and non‐Mendelian segregation of the PDAT1/pdat1‐2 locus occurs. Whereas plants expressing the AtDGAT1pro:AtDGAT1 transgene containing the first intron mostly recover phenotypes to wild‐type.
This study establishes that a combination of the promoter and first intron of AtDGAT1 provides the proper context for temporal and tissue‐specific expression of AtDGAT1 in pollen. Furthermore, we discuss possible mechanisms of intron mediated regulation and how regulatory elements can be used as genetic tools to functionally replace TAG biosynthetic enzymes in Arabidopsis.