bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nel merito dei rapporti medico legali vigenti tra le assicurazioni sociali: la gestione della malattia, la surrogazione e il cumulo tra prestazioni previdenziali nella loro concreta applicazione.
Authors: Sammicheli Michele , Scaglione Marcella 
Published: July 2018

The article looks at the relationships between the two main Italian Social Security Insurance Institutes: the National Institute of Social Security (INPS) and the National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL).The aim of the article, resulting from the daily working practices of the two Authors, is to examine the various sectors in which the two institutions are often confronted: the management of compensable illness, the subrogation, and the cases of accumulation of social security benefits provided by the two institutions for disabled persons.Some practical examples are reported in order to facilitate the reader the easy understanding of the issues addressed.
Quelle vision du Nord québécois dans les programmes de géographie au primaire et au secondaire ?
Authors: DÉRY Chantal , MOTTET Éric 
Published: July 2018

Au moment où l’on parle abondamment du Nord québécois dans l’actualité politique et sociale, la question de son enseignement est absente des débats. Afin de mieux faire comprendre comment la nordicité est traitée dans le système scolaire québécois (primaire et secondaire), nous présentons dans cet article une analyse de contenu des programmes de géographie et d’un échantillon de matériel didactique utilisé dans les classes du Québec. Les premiers résultats tendent à montrer que le Nord québécois est peu présent dans les programmes et les manuels de géographie. Lorsque cette présence se fait sentir, c’est l’histoire du Nord québécois et des Inuit qui est présentée, davantage que les enjeux contemporains. De plus, les contenus sont souvent morcelés et on présente le Nord québécois comme un « ailleurs » sans véritable relation avec le Québec méridional, tout en perpétuant une certaine vision mythique du Nord.
Nous nous souvenons du territoire : la géographie québécoise face aux mémoires autochtones
Authors: DESBIENS Caroline , RIVARD Étienne , HIRT Irène 
Published: July 2018

Au Québec, plusieurs identités collectives liées au territoire coexistent, mais elles n’ont pas toutes la même visibilité. En 2006, Étienne Rivard avait parlé d’une « géographie de l’absence » en ce qui a trait à la question autochtone. Partant de ce constat, nous abordons la disproportion entre l’importance des questions autochtones dans l’actualité et l’apport des géographes pour comprendre ces problématiques. Si la géographie universitaire gomme parfois la diversité des territorialités québécoises, les Inuit et les Premières Nations, en revanche, ne cessent de tracer les lignes de ce que pourrait être une compréhension du Québec intégrant pleinement les composantes autochtones du territoire. À travers deux exemples – l’un portant sur la toponymie et l’autre sur un festival culturel –, nous abordons la visibilité grandissante des Autochtones dans l’espace québécois, autant dans les régions nordiques qu’en milieu urbain.
Temporal constrained objects for modelling neuronal dynamics
Authors: Nair Manjusha , Manchan Kannimoola Jinesh , Jayaraman Bharat , Nair Bipin , Diwakar Shyam 
Published: July 2018

Background
Several new programming languages and technologies have emerged in the past few decades in order to ease the task of modelling complex systems. Modelling the dynamics of complex systems requires various levels of abstractions and reductive measures in representing the underlying behaviour. This also often requires making a trade-off between how realistic a model should be in order to address the scientific questions of interest and the computational tractability of the model.

Methods
In this paper, we propose a novel programming paradigm, called temporal constrained objects, which facilitates a principled approach to modelling complex dynamical systems. Temporal constrained objects are an extension of constrained objects with a focus on the analysis and prediction of the dynamic behaviour of a system. The structural aspects of a neuronal system are represented using objects, as in object-oriented languages, while the dynamic behaviour of neurons and synapses are modelled using declarative temporal constraints. Computation in this paradigm is a process of constraint satisfaction within a time-based simulation.

Results
We identified the feasibility and practicality in automatically mapping different kinds of neuron and synapse models to the constraints of temporal constrained objects. Simple neuronal networks were modelled by composing circuit components, implicitly satisfying the internal constraints of each component and interface constraints of the composition. Simulations show that temporal constrained objects provide significant conciseness in the formulation of these models. The underlying computational engine employed here automatically finds the solutions to the problems stated, reducing the code for modelling and simulation control. All examples reported in this paper have been programmed and successfully tested using the prototype language called TCOB. The code along with the programming environment are available at http://github.com/compneuro/TCOB_Neuron.

Discussion
Temporal constrained objects provide powerful capabilities for modelling the structural and dynamic aspects of neural systems. Capabilities of the constraint programming paradigm, such as declarative specification, the ability to express partial information and non-directionality, and capabilities of the object-oriented paradigm especially aggregation and inheritance, make this paradigm the right candidate for complex systems and computational modelling studies. With the advent of multi-core parallel computer architectures and techniques or parallel constraint-solving, the paradigm of temporal constrained objects lends itself to highly efficient execution which is necessary for modelling and simulation of large brain circuits.
Effects of label training and recall order on children's reports of a repeated event
Authors: Brubacher Sonja P. , Earhart Becky , Roberts Kim P. , Powell Martine B. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryChildren aged 6–8 (N = 84) were interviewed 1 week after participating in a repeated event. Half received training in labeling episodes of a repeated autobiographical event (Label Training); remaining children practiced talking about the same without label training (Standard Practice). Subsequently, children recalled the target event in two recall order conditions: script for the events followed by a specific instance (Generic‐first) or the reverse (Episodic‐first). Training effects were modest, but the research has important implications for interviewers' elicitation of children's labels for instances of repeated events because 98% of the labels generated were unique. The study provides additional support for the notion that recalling the script first can be beneficial. Children in the Generic‐first condition were more accurate for some types of details, and reported more information in the first half of the interview about details that changed across instances, than children in the Episodic‐first condition.
Perceptual load affects change blindness in a real‐world interaction
Authors: Murphy Gillian , Murphy Lisa 
Published: July 2018

SummaryChange blindness is the striking inability to detect seemingly obvious changes that occur between views of a scene. The current study assessed perceptual load as a factor that may affect change blindness for human faces. The study had participants (n = 103) interact with a researcher in a testing room that imposed low or high perceptual load. Midway through the conversation, the researcher was replaced by another person. Thirty‐nine percent of participants failed to detect the change. There was a significant effect of perceptual load, with greater change detection under low load (71%) than high load (52%). This research suggests that the perceptual load imposed by a task may have a significant effect on the likelihood of change blindness and ought to be considered in future research.
Room Temperature Dielectric Pulse Effect in Organic Mixtures
Authors: Meng Peng , Wu Yulong , Zhang Quan , Cheng Guoan , Wu Xiaoling , Zheng Ruiting 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe dielectric pulse effect is of interest for many applications such as sensors, smart triggers, and energy storage. In this paper, a general approach to achieve a room temperature dielectric pulse effect via solid–liquid phase transition in organic mixtures formed by conductive surfactants and insulating fluid is introduced. The dielectric pulse is caused by the self‐formed blocking layer appearing during the solid–liquid phase transition by mixing Span80 and hexadecane. Using 50 Vol% Span80/hexadecane mixture, the dielectric peak intensity of 1191.6 is achieved at 11.9 °C. The dielectric peak intensity and the trigger temperature of mixtures can be tuned by changing the proportions of the components, the temperature ramping rate, and the components. The generality of the approach is also demonstrated in other organic matter such as Span series, alcohols, alkanes and their mixtures.
3D Hybrid Plasmonic Nanostructures with Dense Hot Spots Using Monolayer MoS2 as Sub‐Nanometer Spacer
Authors: Li Zhen , Jiang Shouzhen , Huo Yanyan , Liu Aihua , Zhang Chao , Yu Jing , Wang Minghong , Li Chonghui , Lu Zhengyi , Man Baoyuan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHere, 3D hybrid plasmonic nanostructures using monolayer MoS2 as sub‐nanometer spacer with high density hot spots are fabricated. For the 3D hybrid assemblies, the hot spots exist not only on the 0.65 nm thick MoS2 gap regions between large and small nanoparticles (NP) but also between small and small NP. The high‐density hot spots induce prominently enhanced optical absorption, huge surface enhanced Raman scattering effect, excellent reproducibility, and ultralow limit of detection. Besides, the obvious electron transfer between MoS2 and metal NP is also found in the 3D hybrid assemblies indicating the strong interactions between MoS2 and Au or Ag. Combined with the long‐term stability, the 3D hybrid assemblies should perform excellent in plasmon‐enhanced sensor and photocatalysis applications.
Ultrastretchable Fiber Sensor with High Sensitivity in Whole Workable Range for Wearable Electronics and Implantable Medicine
Authors: Li Lianhui , Xiang Hongyi , Xiong Yan , Zhao Hui , Bai Yuanyuan , Wang Shuqi , Sun Fuqin , Hao Mingming , Liu Lin , Li Tie , Peng Zhenhuan , Xu Jiaqiang , Zhang Ting 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFast progress in material science has led to the development of flexible and stretchable wearable sensing electronics. However, mechanical mismatches between the devices and soft human tissue usually impact the sensing performance. An effective way to solve this problem is to develop mechanically superelastic and compatible sensors that have high sensitivity in whole workable strain range. Here, a buckled sheath–core fiber‐based ultrastretchable sensor with enormous stain gauge enhancement is reported. Owing to its unique sheath and buckled microstructure on a multilayered carbon nanotube/thermal plastic elastomer composite, the fiber strain sensor has a large workable strain range (>1135%), fast response time (≈16 ms), high sensitivity (GF of 21.3 at 0–150%, and 34.22 at 200–1135%), and repeatability and stability (20 000 cycles load/unload test). These features endow the sensor with a strong ability to monitor both subtle and large muscle motions of the human body. Moreover, attaching the sensor to a rat tendon as an implantable device allowes quantitative evaluation of tendon injury rehabilitation.
Morphology‐Controlled Aluminum‐Doped Zinc Oxide Nanofibers for Highly Sensitive NO2 Sensors with Full Recovery at Room Temperature
Authors: Sanger Amit , Kang Sung Bum , Jeong Myeong Hoon , Im Min Ji , Choi In Young , Kim Chan Ul , Lee Hyungmin , Kwon Yeong Min , Baik Jeong Min , Jang Ho Won , Choi Kyoung Jin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRoom‐temperature (RT) gas sensitivity of morphology‐controlled free‐standing hollow aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanofibers for NO2 gas sensors is presented. The free‐standing hollow nanofibers are fabricated using a polyvinylpyrrolidone fiber template electrospun on a copper electrode frame followed by radio‐frequency sputtering of an AZO thin overlayer and heat treatment at 400 °C to burn off the polymer template. The thickness of the AZO layer is controlled by the deposition time. The gas sensor based on the hollow nanofibers demonstrates fully recoverable n‐type RT sensing of low concentrations of NO2 (0.5 ppm). A gas sensor fabricated with Al2O3‐filled AZO nanofibers exhibits no gas sensitivity below 75 °C. The gas sensitivity of a sensor is determined by the density of molecules above the minimum energy for adsorption, collision frequency of gas molecules with the surface, and available adsorption sites. Based on finite‐difference time‐domain simulations, the RT sensitivity of hollow nanofiber sensors is ascribed to the ten times higher collision frequency of NO2 molecules confined inside the fiber compared to the outer surface, as well as twice the surface area of hollow nanofibers compared to the filled ones. This approach might lead to the realization of RT sensitive gas sensors with 1D nanostructures.
Pollination effectiveness of opportunistic Galápagos birds compared to that of insects: From fruit set to seedling emergence
Authors: Hervías‐Parejo Sandra , Traveset Anna 
Published: July 2018

Premise of the StudyRelying on floral traits to assess pollination systems has been shown to underestimate the ecological service that novel mutualisms can provide. Although vertebrates with opportunistic food habits are common on islands, usually feeding upon flowers of entomophilous species (ES), little is known about how effective they are as pollinators. In a previous study, we had reported that native insectivorous and frugivorous Galápagos birds commonly visit ES flowers, without assessing whether they act as pollinators. Here we investigate this by focusing on three typically ES (Cryptocarpus pyriformis, Waltheria ovata, Cordia lutea) and one mostly ornithophilous species (OS), Opuntia echios.MethodsThe quantitative component (QNC: the product of floral visit frequency and number of flowers contacted) and qualitative components (QLC: fruit and seed set, fruit length, and mass and proportion of seedling emergence) of pollination effectiveness of birds was compared with that of insects.Key ResultsBirds were not quantitatively important pollinators compared to insects. However, selective exclusion experiments in the four plant species revealed that all qualitative components of fitness improved when both birds and insects visited the flowers. Our study is the first to confirm pollination effectiveness of ES by native opportunistic birds.ConclusionsThe Galápagos pollination systems are probably more generalized than previous data suggested and, given that ES dominate the flora of this archipelago, we argue that, contrary to expectation, birds might have an important role in maintaining the reproductive success and diversity of plant communities.
Rapid population sex‐ratio changes in the moss Ceratodon purpureus
Authors: Eppley Sarah M. , Rosenstiel Todd N. , Chmielewski Matthew W. , Woll S. Cody , Shaw Zoë M. , Shortlidge Erin E. 
Published: July 2018

Premise of the StudySex‐ratio variation occurs widely in dioecious plants, but the mechanisms of population sex‐ratio bias are poorly understood. In bryophytes, sex ratios are often female biased, and little information is available about how and when bias forms.MethodsTo test whether population sex‐ratio variation can emerge during the gametophytic phase and is not purely a product of spore sex ratios, we created artificial populations of the moss Ceratodon purpureus, with male‐ and female‐biased sex ratios, and placed half under a stress treatment. We hypothesized that male‐majority populations would become female‐biased and that stress would increase this transition. After 18 mo, when sporophytes were initially forming, we used sex‐specific molecular markers to determine population sex ratios.Key ResultsFemale‐majority populations did not differ significantly from their original bias, whereas male‐majority populations became significantly more female biased. The plants had only just produced their first spores, so these sex‐ratio changes occurred during the gametophytic generation, as a result of sex‐specific growth or survival. Sporophytes occurred only in populations with female‐biased final sex ratios, which suggests that females in male‐majority populations may have invested energy in ramets rather than in sporophyte production. The stress treatment was mild and had no effect on sex ratio.ConclusionsOur results suggest that female bias can be generated during the gametophytic generation, before plants reach sexual maturity. These results, combined with those of previous work, suggest that both the gametophytic and the sporophytic stages drive population sex ratios in C. purpureus, thus indicating that multiple mechanisms operate to create biased population sex ratios.
Thiotepa, busulfan and fludarabine compared to busulfan and cyclophosphamide as conditioning regimen for allogeneic stem cell transplant from matched siblings and unrelated donors for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Saraceni Francesco , Beohou Eric , Labopin Myriam , Arcese William , Bonifazi Francesca , Stepensky Polina , Aljurf Mahmoud , Bruno Benedetto , Pioltelli Pietro , Passweg Jakob , Sociè Gerard , Santarone Stella , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim , Lanza Francesco , Savani Bipin N. , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon ,   Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Published: July 2018

AbstractBusulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BuCy) is the traditional conditioning regimen for allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo‐SCT) for young, fit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The thiotepa‐busulfan‐fludarabine (TBF) protocol has recently demonstrated promising outcome in cord blood and haploidentical SCT; however, there is limited evidence about this regimen in transplant from matched siblings (MSD) and unrelated donors (UD). We retrospectively compared outcomes of 2523 patients aged 18‐50 with AML in remission, undergoing transplant from MSD or UD prepared with either TBF or BuCy conditioning. A 1:3 pair‐matched analysis was performed: 146 patients receiving TBF were compared with 438 patients receiving BuCy. Relapse risk was significantly lower in the TBF when compared with BuCy group (HR 0.6, P = .02), while NRM did not differ. No significant difference was observed in LFS and OS between the two regimens. TBF was associated with a trend towards higher risk of grades III‐IV aGVHD (HR 1.8, P = .06) and inferior cGVHD (HR 0.7, P = .04) when compared with BuCy. In patients undergoing transplant in first remission, the advantage for TBF in terms of relapse was more evident (HR 0.4, P = .02), leading to a trend for better LFS in favor of TBF (HR 0.7, P = .10), while OS did not differ between the two cohorts. In conclusion, TBF represents a valid myeloablative conditioning regimen providing significantly lower relapse and similar survival when compared with BuCy. Patients in first remission appear to gain the most from this protocol, as in this subgroup a tendency for better LFS was observed when compared with BuCy.
Oxygen‐dependent flow of sickle trait blood as an in vitro therapeutic benchmark for sickle cell disease treatments
Authors: Lu Xinran , Chaudhury Anwesha , Higgins John M. , Wood David K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough homozygous sickle cell disease is often clinically severe, the corresponding heterozygous state, sickle cell trait, is almost completely benign despite the fact that there is only a modest difference in sickle hemoglobin levels between the two conditions. In both conditions, hypoxia can lead to polymerization of sickle hemoglobin, changes in red cell mechanical properties, and impaired blood flow. Here, we test the hypothesis that differences in the oxygen‐dependent rheological properties in the two conditions might help explain the difference in clinical phenotypes. We use a microfluidic platform that permits quantification of blood rheology under defined oxygen conditions in physiologically sized microchannels and under physiologic shear rates. We find that, even with its lower sickle hemoglobin concentration, sickle trait blood apparent viscosity increases with decreasing oxygen tension and may stop flowing under completely anoxic conditions, though far less readily than the homozygous condition. Sickle cell trait blood flow becomes impaired at significantly lower oxygen tension than sickle cell disease. We also demonstrate how sickle cell trait can serve as a benchmark for sickle cell disease therapies. We characterize the rheological effects of exchange transfusion therapy by mixing sickle blood with nonsickle blood and quantifying the transfusion targets for sickle hemoglobin composition below which the rheological response resembles sickle trait. These studies quantify the differences in blood flow phenotypes of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait, and they provide a potentially powerful new benchmark for evaluating putative therapies in vitro.
Duvelisib, an oral dual PI3K‐δ, γ inhibitor, shows clinical activity in indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in a phase 1 study
Authors: Flinn Ian W. , Patel Manish , Oki Yasuhiro , Horwitz Steven , Foss Francine F. , Allen Kerstin , Douglas Mark , Stern Howard , Sweeney Jennifer , Kharidia Jahnavi , Kelly Patrick , Kelly Virginia M. , Kahl Brad 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuvelisib (IPI‐145) is an oral dual inhibitor of phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K)‐δ and ‐γ in clinical development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, including indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). In a Phase 1, open‐label study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical activity, and safety of duvelisib monotherapy in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies, duvelisib was administered at eight dose levels (8‐100 mg BID) in a dose‐escalation phase (n = 31 evaluable patients). Two dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs), Grade 3 transaminase elevations and Grade 3 rash, occurred at 100 mg BID, and the MTD was determined to be 75 mg BID. Across all doses, 58.1% of iNHL patients had a response (19.4% complete, 35.5% partial, and 3.2% minor); median time to response was 1.84 months and duration of response was 16.9 months. Median progression‐free survival was 14.7 months, and the probability of overall survival at 24 months was 71.7%. Severe (Grade ≥ 3) adverse events included elevated liver enzymes (38.7%), diarrhea (25.8%), and neutropenia (29.0%). Three patients, all in the 75 mg BID cohort, experienced fatal AEs: E. coli sepsis, acute respiratory failure, and fungal pneumonia. No iNHL patients experienced Pneumocystis pneumonia. Duvelisib demonstrated favorable clinical activity and an acceptable safety profile in these high‐risk, heavily pretreated, relapsed/refractory iNHL patients, with 25 mg BID selected for further clinical development.