bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optogenetic and chemical genetic tools for rapid repositioning of vimentin intermediate filaments
Authors: Pasolli Milena , Meiring Joyce C. M. , Conboy James P. , Koenderink Gijsje H. , Akhmanova Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntermediate filaments (IFs) are a key component of the cytoskeleton, essential for regulating cell mechanics, maintaining nuclear integrity, positioning organelles, and modulating cell signaling. Unlike actin filaments and microtubules, IFs have slower dynamics, and current insights into IF function primarily come from studies using long-term perturbations, such as protein depletion or mutation. Here, we present tools that allow rapid manipulation of vimentin IFs in the whole cytoplasm or within specific subcellular regions by inducibly coupling them to microtubule motors, either pharmacologically or using light. Perinuclear clustering of vimentin had no strong effect on the actin or microtubule organization, cell spreading, and focal adhesions, but reduced cell stiffness. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum sheets were repositioned together with vimentin, whereas lysosomes were only briefly repositioned and rapidly regained their normal distribution. Keratin was displaced along with vimentin in some cell lines but remained intact in others. Our tools help to study the immediate effects of vimentin perturbation and identify direct links of vimentin to other cellular structures.
An integrated risk prioritization and determination of activity-wise delay (IRPAD) framework for enhancing schedule management in tunnel projects
Authors: Shelake Abhaysinha Gunvantrao , Gogate Nivedita Gunesh 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for addressing delays in tunnel construction projects by leveraging predictable risk factors. Tunnel projects often encounter scheduling delays due to inherent complexities and uncertainties, necessitating a proactive approach to prevent project underperformance.Design/methodology/approachThe integrated risk prioritization and determination of activity-wise delay (IRPAD) framework is divided into four phases: identification and prioritization of risk factors, determination of activity-wise risk coefficients using MCDM-based methodology, obtaining the critical risk path, and developing an activity-wise risk matrix. Fault tree analysis (FTA) and event tree analysis (ETA) are employed to determine activity-wise risk coefficients based on expert responses.FindingsThe framework’s applicability in Indian tunnel projects is demonstrated through a real-world case study with 95% validation accuracy. The IRPAD framework enhances the delay analysis process and facilitates the provision of effective activity-wise mitigation measures.Practical implicationsThe IRPAD framework predicts delays in infrastructure projects thus enhancing resilience and sustainability, supporting SDGs 9 and 11. It can be applied to a wide range of construction projects to improve project performance.Originality/valueThis research introduces novel concepts such as the three fold activity-wise risk matrix and the critical risk path, contributing to the development of the IRPAD framework for delay reduction. This framework offers valuable insights to practitioners in the construction industry.
Post occupancy evaluation of the relocatable modular construction method for temporary educational facilities
Authors: Nguyen Truong Dang Hoang Nhat , Park Soyeon , Jeong Jinhak , Ahn Yonghan 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate user satisfaction and perceptions of the relocatable modular school (RMS) system in South Korea. It seeks to identify key factors for improvement to enhance the performance of this innovative construction method, particularly in the temporary educational sector.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive post occupancy evaluation (POE) was conducted, considering functional spaces, aesthetics, indoor environmental quality and technical aspects. This study also includes a comparative analysis with conventional school buildings to provide insights into the efficiency and potential of RMS.FindingsRelocatable modular schools can achieve the equivalent quality of building performance and user satisfaction as those built using traditional construction methods. The satisfaction performance of both methods falls within the “satisfied” level, with mean scores ranging from 3.35 to 3.90. Notably, when compared to ES, RMS exhibits a marginally lower satisfaction level in functional performance but a higher satisfaction level in the areas of aesthetics, IEQ and technical performance. Key factors identified for enhancement include optimizing classroom shape, balancing the window-to-wall ratio, enhancing natural ventilation and addressing floor noise and vibration concerns.Originality/valueThis research is pioneering in evaluating user satisfaction and perceptions of RMS in South Korea, a relatively unexplored area. By taking a holistic approach and incorporating comparative analysis with traditional school buildings, the study provides valuable insights into the practical application and potential of modular construction in educational facilities. The results contribute significantly to the advancement of high-performance modular educational buildings, informing practitioners and stakeholders of user demands and guiding future developments in the field.
Does managerial CSR mindset always drive business performance?
Authors: Mensah Henry Kofi , Okyere Gilbert Anyowuo , Mensah Philip Opoku , Ledi Klenam Korbla , Forenten Eric Sie 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between managerial corporate social responsibility (CSR) mindset and business performance in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the mediating role of CSR practices and the moderating influence of institutional forces.

Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire was administered to 221 SME managers. The data was analysed using the Hayes process in SPSS to test the hypothesized relationships.

Findings
This study found that a managerial CSR mindset significantly improves operational and financial business performance. In addition, CSR practices mediate the relationship between managerial CSR mindset and business performance. Furthermore, institutional forces moderate this relationship, highlighting the critical role of external factors in shaping SME performance.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that SME managers should adopt a proactive managerial CSR mindset and integrate CSR into their core strategies to enhance business performance. Moreover, managers must be responsive to institutional forces as they adjust their strategy to meet external pressures to ensure sustainable performance.

Originality/value
This study demonstrates the theoretical explanation of how CSR practices serve as a conduit through which a managerial CSR mindset improves business performance under varying conditions of institutional forces.
Linking workplace spirituality, workplace incivility and employee silence: moderating role of dark triad
Authors: Chouhan Vikram Singh 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to observe the effect of workplace spirituality (WPS) on employee silence. In addition, the study investigated the mediating role of workplace incivility on the relationship of WPS with employee silence. We further explored the WPS–workplace incivility link by testing the dark triad as the moderator.Design/methodology/approachWe collected time-lagged data from 403 employees in the Indian hospitality industry. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) were used to observe the linkages among the study variables.FindingsThe results revealed that WPS is associated negatively with employee silence. The dark triad moderated the association between WPS and workplace incivility. Workplace incivility significantly mediated the association between WPS and employee silence.Practical implicationsThe study findings would help organizations in promoting WPS to alleviate the occurrences of uncivil behavior at work and comprehend the negative consequences of workplace incivility such as employee silence.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to explore the linkage between WPS and employee silence. The paper makes a significant contribution by analyzing the interactive effect of personal (dark triad), environmental (WPS) and behavioral (workplace incivility) factors on employee silence.
Rethinking the deployment of learning assistants: Changing and reviewing practices
Authors: Vincent Kerry 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAround the world, the number of learning assistants (LAs) employed in schools has increased dramatically over the last two decades. Underpinned by the global move towards more inclusive education, and consequently an increasingly diverse school population, they now play a key role in supporting learners with additional needs. A number of concerns have been raised in relation to common deployment practices, and the negative impact these have on students and the one‐to‐one support model has come under particular criticism. This article reports the outcome of a decision taken in one school to allocate learning assistants to classes to work alongside teachers rather than using them primarily for one‐to‐one support. In‐depth semi‐structured interviews were used to identify the impact of this change on both teachers and LAs. The research found that class‐based deployment strengthened communication between teacher and LA, enabled more effective collaborative work and resulted in more flexible use of limited LA hours. The article makes a case for the value of reviewing the deployment of LAs and illustrates how and why a change in deployment model can make a noticeable difference to teachers, LAs and the students they support.
Climate change, soil conservation measures and farm performance in Austria
Authors: Zeilinger Julian , Kantelhardt Jochen , Niedermayr Andreas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLimiting the impact of climate change on agriculture is a major goal of the European Union. This requires the evaluation of farm‐level adaptation measures, available within the Common Agricultural Policy. We investigate how the adoption of soil conservation measures by farms in Austrian arable regions affects their economic performance. By applying an endogenous switching regression model to panel data, we find that climatic conditions significantly influence the decision on whether to adopt soil conservation measures. The net revenue of adopters is less sensitive to long‐term temperature and precipitation changes than for non‐adopters. The measures are profitable for a majority of farms. However, profitability is linked to baseline climatic conditions, with negative effects in cool, wet regions and significantly greater positive effects in warm, dry regions.
Melanomas on the dorsum of the hand are extremely rare: A series of seven cases with clinical and dermatoscopic images
Authors: Akay Bengu Nisa , Earl Christopher , Zeelie Tracey , Dicker Tony , Clark Simon , Rosendahl Cliff 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMelanomas on the dorsum of the hand are exceedingly rare, with limited documentation in medical literature. This report presents seven cases of dorsal hand and finger melanomas, encompassing patients from Australia, New Zealand and Turkey, predominantly women with a mean age of 53 years. The majority were invasive, with a mean Breslow thickness of 1.1 mm and none were of lentigo maligna subtype. The rarity of dorsal hand melanomas prompts speculation into potential protective factors unique to this site, challenging existing knowledge on melanoma aetiology and sun exposure.
MFRP, PRSS56, and MYRF account for 60.5% of a Chinese cohort with nanophthalmos
Authors: Tao Jing , Jin Zi‐Bing , Shen Ren‐Juan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to present the genetic profile of a rare ocular disease nanophthalmos (NO) in a large Chinese cohort, to explore its genetic characteristics and genotype–phenotype correlations.MethodsA total of 43 unrelated pedigrees diagnosed with NO were recruited. Whole exome sequencing and copy number variation analysis were performed, followed by validation and pathogenicity classification of the detected variants.ResultsThe overall genetic diagnostic rate was 60.5%. Twenty‐eight unique genetic variants of MFRP, PRSS56, and MYRF have been identified, of which 19 were reported for the first time. The c.1486G>A variant in MFRP and the c.1066dupC variant in PRSS56 were the two most frequent variants. Patients with variants in MFRP or PRSS56 tended to possess shorter axial lengths than those with MYRF variants. Among patients with MFRP null variants, a higher proportion developed uveal effusion syndrome (UES) than did those without null variants, whereas among patients with PRSS56 null variants, a greater number of patients developed angle‐closure glaucoma (ACG). A higher proportion of MFRP‐related NO patients developed both UES and ACG.ConclusionsMFRP, PRSS56, and MYRF account for the majority of genetic causes of NO. MFRP‐related NO patients tend to exhibit a strong predisposition to complications. Null variants in MFRP and PRSS56 may increase susceptibility to clinical complications. This study provides insights into the genetic landscape and clinical characteristics of NO. These findings will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanophthalmos and other diseases associated with eye development.
Long‐term Effect of Export Expansion on Human Capital
Authors: Fu Jintao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper illustrates how trade liberalization during an individual's early life can affect long‐term health and cognitive outcomes 15 years later (i.e., in adolescence). China's accession to the World Trade Organization has brought significant economic benefits but has also given rise to some environmental concerns. Exploiting variations in each prefecture's exposure to trade shock and trade‐induced pollution shock, this study constructed a shift‐share instrument variable model. The trade shocks in early life improved health and cognitive outcomes significantly during adolescence while trade‐induced pollution shock had the opposite effect, decreasing these two outcomes. These impacts were more pronounced among households with low economic status. Further investigation provided evidence for several underlying mechanisms, such as improved health and education resources and reduced SO2 emissions by firms. This study provides useful insights into how to evaluate the long‐term effects of trade liberalization on human capital in terms of economic benefits and environmental costs in China.
Does the China Railway Express Promote Equitable Regional Development? Evidence from Manufacturing Relocation
Authors: Pan An , Zhang Wenna , Du Yige , Shi Xunpeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe China Railway Express (CRE) has improved regional economic integration with external markets and has reshaped regional development by encouraging the relocation of manufacturing activities (“manufacturing transfer”). We analyzed data from 284 prefecture‐level cities in China to evaluate the impact of the CRE on regional manufacturing relocation, using a staggered difference‐in‐differences model with entropy balancing. We found that the launch of the CRE significantly stimulated the relocation of manufacturing industries to node cities – key hubs for transportation and logistics within the CRE network – especially in the central, western, and northeastern regions. Specifically, the CRE significantly increased manufacturing dynamism, firm profitability, openness, and foreign investment in node cities, which attracted more manufacturing industries to relocate in this area. Higher levels of infrastructure development moderated the CRE's effect. Further analysis showed that significant moderating effects of infrastructure development occurred only in the western region. Overall, our conclusions provide useful insights into how to promote equitable regional development through manufacturing development in China.
Explanatory variables of objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in adults with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review
Authors: Bogaert Lotte , Dirinck Eveline , Calders Patrick , Helleputte Simon , Lapauw Bruno , Marlier Joke , Verbestel Vera , De Craemer Marieke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsThis systematic review aimed to summarize knowledge on explanatory variables of PA, SB and sleep in adults with T1D to support the development of healthy lifestyle interventions.MethodsA systematic search of four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase) was performed. Only objective measurements of PA, SB and sleep were included and all explanatory variables were classified according to the socio‐ecological model (i.e. intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental and policy level). Risk of bias (ROB) (Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklists) and level of evidence (Evidence‐Based Guideline Development) were assessed.ResultsTwenty‐one studies were included (66.7% low ROB). Most explanatory variables were situated at the intrapersonal level. A favourable body composition was associated with more time spent in total PA and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA). Men with T1D spent more time in MVPA than women and a younger age was associated with increased MVPA. Barriers to PA were indeterminately associated with MVPA and HbA1c showed an indeterminate association with sleep. Explanatory variables of SB and light PA were not studied in at least two independent studies.ConclusionThis review underscores the focus on the individual level to identify explanatory variables of movement behaviours in adults with T1D, despite the necessity for a socio‐ecological approach to develop effective interventions. More evidence on psychological, interpersonal and environmental variables is needed as these are modifiable.
Fatigue Properties of Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Foams and Experimental Observation of the Damage Growth Mechanism
Authors: Sano Ryuto , Koga Yuta , Sato Yusuke , Kikuchi Takuto , Hosoi Atsushi , Kawahara Kota , Takebe Yoshiki , Kawada Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCarbon fiber–reinforced foams (CFRFs) are expanded thermoplastic composite materials reinforced with three‐dimensional discontinuous carbon fibers. Herein, the effects of their unique internal structure on fatigue properties were investigated. Through tension‐tension fatigue tests and the digital image correlation (DIC) method, distinct stiffness reduction behavior was observed across the entire specimen and at the fracture points. The results suggest that local stiffness reduction behavior affects the fatigue properties. From the DIC method, damage was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the fiber tortuosity, and the void fraction were quantified using X‐ray computed tomography scans. In the case of three‐dimensional oriented fibers, stress was concentrated at fiber ends, fiber intersections, and bent fibers, resulting in fiber pull‐outs and matrix cracks. In the case of voids, the void size affected damage development, and the stress concentration around the voids caused fiber fracture and matrix cracks.
Measuring the Response Diversity of Ecological Communities Experiencing Multifarious Environmental Change
Authors: Polazzo Francesco , Limberger Romana , Pennekamp Frank , Ross Samuel R. P.‐J. , Simpson Gavin L. , Petchey Owen L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe diversity in organismal responses to environmental changes (i.e., response diversity) plays a crucial role in shaping community and ecosystem stability. However, existing measures of response diversity only consider a single environmental variable, whereas natural communities are commonly exposed to changes in multiple environmental variables simultaneously. Thus far, no approach exists to integrate multifarious environmental change and the measurement of response diversity. Here, we show how to consider and quantify response diversity in the context of multifarious environmental change, and in doing so introduce a distinction between response diversity to a defined or anticipated environmental change, and the response capacity to any possible set of (defined or undefined) future environmental changes. First, we describe and illustrate the concepts with empirical data. We reveal the role of the trajectory of environmental change in shaping response diversity when multiple environmental variables fluctuate over time. We show that, when the trajectory of the environmental change is undefined (i.e., there is no information or a priori expectation about how an environmental condition will change in future), we can quantify the response capacity of a community to any possible environmental change scenario. That is, we can estimate the capacity of a system to respond under a range of realistic or extreme environmental changes, with utility for predicting future responses to even multifarious environmental change. Finally, we investigate determinants of response diversity within a multifarious environmental change context. We identify factors such as the diversity of species responses to each environmental variable, the relative influence of different environmental variables and temporal means of environmental variable values as important determinants of response diversity. In doing so, we take an important step towards measuring and understanding the insurance capacity of ecological communities exposed to multifarious environmental change.
High prevalence of osteoporosis among virally suppressed older people (≥60 years) living with HIV
Authors: Penner Jeremy , Ombajo Loice A. , Nkuranga Joseph , Otieno Edwin , Nyakoe Diana , Wanjohi Ruth , Mbewa Victor , Ndinya Florentius , Eshiwani Sheila , Wahome Simon , Bhagani Sanjay , Pozniak Anton , Gregson Celia L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) among older people living with HIV at the time of enrolment into a clinical trial in Kenya.MethodsThe bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BFTAF) Elderly Study is a clinical trial among virally suppressed people living with HIV aged ≥60 years randomized to switch to BFTAF or continue their pre‐enrolment regimen. At enrolment, dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was performed and T‐scores calculated for BMD. Osteoporosis was defined as T‐score −2.5 or lower and osteopenia as T‐score between −1 and −2.5. Fracture risk was calculated based on clinical risk factors (not including BMD), considering HIV as a secondary cause of osteoporosis, and the correlation between FRAX®‐HIV and BMD assessed.ResultsBetween February and May 2022, a total of 296 participants were enrolled. All were Black African, 147 (49.7%) were female, the median age was 64 years (range 60–77), and 280 (94.6%) were on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The median BMD of lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was 0.87 g/cm2 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.78–0.99), 0.89 g/cm2 (IQR 0.79–1.01), and 0.75 g/cm2 (IQR 0.67–0.84), respectively, with median T‐scores of −1.9 (IQR −2.8 to −0.7), −1.0 (IQR −1.9 to −0.3), and −1.5 (IQR −2.2 to −0.9), respectively. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were found in 37.5% and 47.3% of participants, respectively. Major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture 10‐year median probabilities using FRAX®‐HIV were 3.4% (IQR 2.8–4.6) and 1.0% (IQR 0.7–1.3). Correlation coefficients between these FRAX®‐HIV probabilities and femoral neck BMD were −0.204 for major osteoporotic fracture and −0.338 for hip fracture.ConclusionsThe prevalence of osteoporosis is high among older people living with HIV in Kenya, where DXA is not readily available and risk calculation without BMD had low correlation with measured BMD values. Additional data are required on the impact of investment in fracture risk assessment and treatment, including population‐specific risk calculators.