bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium’s renaissance: From psychiatric staple to multifaceted medical marvel
Authors: Ravan Jayaprakash Russell , Pattnaik Jigyansa Ipsita , Panda Udit Kumar , Samantaray Swayanka , Mishra Bhumika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Lithium, long established as a cornerstone in the treatment of bipolar disorder, has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic agent across a broad spectrum of medical fields. This narrative review examines the expanding role of lithium in contemporary medicine, highlighting its transition from a psychiatric staple to a versatile therapeutic tool. The objective of the study was to synthesize and critically evaluate recent literature on lithium’s applications beyond psychiatry, focusing on its mechanisms of action, therapeutic potential, and challenges in various medical domains. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, focusing on peer-reviewed articles published within the last 5 years. Keywords included “lithium” combined with terms such as “neuroprotection,” “cancer,” “stem cells,” “viral infections,” and “aging.” Case studies, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were included to provide a broad perspective on lithium’s emerging roles. Recent studies have revealed lithium’s potential in several key areas: neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disorders, cancer therapy enhancement, stem cell mobilization for regenerative medicine, antiviral properties, cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury, circadian rhythm regulation, and potential effects on longevity and healthy aging. Lithium’s renaissance in medical research reveals its potential as a multifaceted therapeutic agent. While challenges remain, including its narrow therapeutic index and side effect profile, ongoing research into novel delivery methods and personalized medicine approaches may optimize its use. The expanding applications of lithium underscore the need for continued investigation to fully harness its therapeutic potential across various medical disciplines.
Histopathological Profile of Cholecystectomy Specimens at a Tertiary Care Center: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bajaj Udita , Kalsi Dimple , Bajaj Preeti , Chikhalikar Sheela 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Gallbladder is one of the most frequently received specimens in any histopathology laboratory. Its diseases may present with a varied spectrum ranging from congenital anomalies, cholelithiasis, and inflammatory or noninflammatory lesions to noninvasive and invasive neoplasms. Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is the most common lesion and accounts for more than 95% of gallbladder diseases and affects 10%–20% of the adult population. The incidence is 2–4 times higher in females than in males.

Aims and Objectives:
This study was designed to study the histopathological spectrum of gall bladder diseases in the population, study the most common gall bladder diseases in cholecystectomy specimens, and study the frequency of gall bladder carcinoma.

Methodology:
This retrospective observational study was done in the Pathology department at a tertiary care hospital and research center, from September 2016 to September 2023. Tissue was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and then processed by the routine paraffin embedding techniques. Sections were cut at 4–5 μ thickness and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stains. Special stains were done if required for confirmation. All the slides were analyzed and reported by a trained histopathologist.

Results:
Females were affected more as compared to males. The commonest age group affected was 41-50 years. Gallstones were observed in 33.58% of patients. Gallbladder neoplasm was rare and incidental findings.

Conclusion:
Gallbladder disease demonstrated a diverse spectrum of histopathological changes in the cholecystectomy specimens and showed female preponderance. Gallbladder carcinoma was observed as a rare occurrence and was an incidental finding mainly. Hence, a microscopic (histopathological) examination is required for every cholecystectomy specimen.
Clinical study of different interventional treatments for primary hepatocellular carcinoma based on propensity-score matching
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Bo , Yang Li , Lu Ming-Qian , Peng Yi-Bo , Wang Lei , Zhu Shuang-Ming , Hu Zhi-Wei , Wang Zhong-Liang , Yang Qin 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the main treatment for patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) who miss the opportunity to undergo surgery. Conventional TACE (c-TACE) uses iodized oil as an embolic agent, which is easily washed by blood and affects its efficacy. Drug-eluting bead TACE (DEB-TACE) can sustainably release chemotherapeutic drugs and has a long embolization time. However, the clinical characteristics of patients before the two types of interventional therapies may differ, possibly affecting the conclusion. Only a few studies have compared these two interventions using propensity-score matching (PSM).
AIM
To analyze the clinical effects of DEB-TACE and c-TACE on patients with PHC based on PSM.
METHODS
Patients with PHC admitted to Dangyang People’s Hospital (March 2020 to March 2024) were retrospectively enrolled and categorized into groups A (DEB-TACE, n = 125) and B (c-TACE, n = 106). Sex, age, Child-Pugh grade, tumor-node-metastasis stage, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score were selected for 1:1 PSM. Eighty-six patients each were included post-matching. Clinical efficacy, liver function indices (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and albumin), tumor serum markers, and adverse reactions were compared between the groups.
RESULTS
The objective response and disease control rates were significantly higher in group A (80.23% and 97.67%, respectively) than in group B (60.47% and 87.21%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Post-treatment levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin were lower in group A than in group B (P < 0.05), whereas post-treatment levels of albumin in group A were comparable to those in group B (P > 0.05). Post-treatment levels of tumor serum markers were significantly lower in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). Patients in groups A and B had mild-to-moderate fever and vomiting symptoms, which improved with conservative treatment. The total incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in group B (22.09%) than in group A (6.97%) (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
DEB-TACE has obvious therapeutic effects on patients with PHC. It can improve liver function indices and tumor markers of patients without increasing the rate of liver toxicity or adverse reactions.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus common bile duct exploration for extrahepatic bile duct stones and postoperative recurrence-associated risk factors
Authors: Liao Jia-Hua , Li Ju-Shi , Wang Tie-Long , Liu Wen-Shen 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
There remain controversies regarding the surgical treatment of extrahepatic bile duct stones (EHBDSs) in clinical practice.
AIM
To explore the curative effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) plus common bile duct exploration (CBDE) for the surgical treatment of EHBDSs and to analyze the risk factors that affect postoperative stone recurrence.
METHODS
Eighty-two patients with EHBDSs admitted between March 2017 and March 2023 were selected. Among them, patients treated with open choledocholithotomy plus LC or open cholecystectomy (OC) were set as the control group (n = 40), and those treated with LC plus CBDE served as the observation group (n = 42). The surgical outcomes of the two groups were compared, the surgical complications and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) scores were counted, and the one-year prognostic recurrence was recorded. Independent factors for postoperative recurrence were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses.
RESULTS
The two groups were comparable in the stone residual rate (P > 0.05). The operation time (P < 0.05), intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05), and total complication rate (P = 0.005) were lower in the observation group than in the control group. The observation group exhibited a marked increase in the GIQLI score, which was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). A lower one-year recurrence rate was determined in the observation group vs the control group (P = 0.027). Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction [odds ratio (OR) = 5.712, P = 0.007] and the treatment scheme of open choledocholithotomy plus LC or OC (OR = 6.771, P = 0.008) were the independent risk factors for one-year recurrence in patients after surgery.
CONCLUSION
LC plus CBDE for patients with EHBDSs can reduce stone residuals, intraoperative bleeding, complications, and postoperative recurrence.
Meta-analysis of electrical stimulation promoting recovery of gastrointestinal function after gynecological abdominal surgery
Authors: Huang Xue-Xia , Gu Hui-Feng , Shen Ping-Hua , Chu Bo-Liang , Chen Ying 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
The effects of electrical stimulation on gastrointestinal function recovery after gynecological abdominal surgery was not clear.
AIM
To systematically evaluate the effects of electrical stimulation on gastrointestinal function recovery after gynecological abdominal surgery.
METHODS
The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and the Chinese biomedical literature databases Wanfang, Weipu, and CNKI were used to search for relevant studies on controlled trials of electrical stimulation in gynecological abdominal surgery patients from self-established databases to May 2024. The RevMan software (version 5.3) was used to analyze the included literature and explore the heterogeneity of each study.
RESULTS
Seven controlled trials, involving 520 patients, were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that electrical stimulation could shorten the recovery time of intestinal sound after gynecological abdominal surgery [odds ratio (OR): -5.11, 95%CI: -5.84 to -4.38, P < 0.00001] and improve the time of first anal exhaust (OR: -1.19, 95%CI: -1.38 to -0.99, P < 0.00001), improved the time of first anal defecation (OR: -0.98, 95%CI: -1.19 to -0.78, P < 0.00001), The difference is significant. According to the funnel plot, if the scatter is symmetrical, it indicates that the funnel plot is unbiased.
CONCLUSION
Electrical stimulation can shorten this reduces the length of time it takes for the patient to recover from bowel sounds and also affects the time to first anal voiding and defecation to some extent, thereby promoting gastrointestinal function recovery after gynecological abdominal surgery. The quality of the studies included in this review was poor, which may have affected the final results. It is necessary to conduct a randomized controlled study with higher quality and more samples to further confirm the promoting effect of electrical stimulation on gastrointestinal function recovery to guide clinical treatment.
Outcome and risk factors of ulcer healing after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen De-Yi , Chen Hai-Dong , Lv Xiao-Dan , Huang Zhou , Jiang Dan , Li Yu , Han Bing , Han Li-Chun , Xu Xiao-Fang , Li Shi-Quan , Lin Guang-Fu , Huang Zhi-Xi , Lin Jia-Ning , Lv Xiao-Ping 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely utilized for the treatment of large adenomas, submucosal lesions, and early gastric cancer. A significant artificial ulcer typically forms after ESD. Delayed or incomplete healing of these ulcers can result in complications such as delayed bleeding and perforation. However, a comprehensive review of the outcomes and risk factors related to ulcer healing following ESD is currently lacking.
AIM
To assess ulcer healing outcomes and identify risk factors associated with delayed ulcer healing.
METHODS
Databases retrieved by computer include PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data, and VIP. The study collects reports on ESD post-surgical ulcer healing outcomes and risk factors, using Stata 16.0 and RevMan 5.0 software for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Our analysis included 12 studies, involving a total of 3430 patients. The meta-analysis revealed an overall healing rate of 65.55% for ulcers following ESD [odds ratio (OR) = 2.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.45-3.00]. The healing rate within eight weeks was 48.32% (OR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.35-1.66), while the rate beyond eight weeks was 88.32% (OR = 6.73; 95%CI: 3.82-11.87). Risk factors included Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection (OR: = 5.32; 95%CI: 1.90-14.87; P = 0.001), ulcer size (OR = 2.08; 95%CI: 1.19-3.61; P = 0.01), lesion site (OR = 2.08; 95%CI: 1.19-3.11), and pathological type (OR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.06-2.52). Diabetes (OR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.05-5.80; P = 0.63) and duration of operation (OR = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.99-1.01; P = 0.96) were not significant factors.
CONCLUSION
The healing rate of ulcers following ESD is high after eight weeks. Risk factors affecting the healing process include H. pylori infection, ulcer size, lesion site, and pathological type.
Therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a patient with asplenia-type heterotaxy syndrome: A case report
Authors: Zhang Yu-Yan , Ruan Jiang , Fu Yan 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Asplenia-type heterotaxy syndrome (HS) is rare and refers to visceral malposition and dysmorphism. It is associated with a high infant mortality rate due to cardiac anomalies, and related digestive endoscopic interventions are poorly understood. With the improved long-term prognosis of these individuals after modern cardiac surgery, intra-abdominal anomalies have become increasingly significant.
CASE SUMMARY
Herein, we report successful endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in a 14-year-old male with asplenia-type HS that involved unique imaging findings and technical difficulties. His anatomic anomalies included complex congenital heart disease, midline liver placement, an absent spleen, a left-sided inferior vena cava, and dextroposition of the stomach and pancreas. He suffered from choledocholithiasis with obstructive jaundice, and the stone was successfully extracted with a basket following endoscopic papillary balloon dilation.
CONCLUSION
Although anatomic anomalies in HS increase the degree of technical difficulty when performing ERCP, they can be safely managed by experienced endoscopists, as illustrated by the present case. Identifying these variations with imaging modalities and being aware of them before initiating an invasive intervention are crucial to preventing potential complications.
Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatitis-associated necrotic perforation of the distal stomach and full-length duodenum: A case report
Authors: Tong Kui-Nan , Zhang Wei-Tao , Liu Kun , Xu Rui , Guo Wei 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Non-ulcerative necrosis of the stomach and duodenum is rare because of the abundant blood supply in the gastrointestinal tract. Duodenal necrosis is a rare complication of severe acute pancreatitis. Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy (EPD) is a rare procedure, with extensive duodenal necrosis being one of its indications.
CASE SUMMARY
We here report the case of a 57-year-old man who survived EPD for pancreatitis, which resulted in the necrosis of the distal stomach, full-length duodenum, and part of the jejunum.
CONCLUSION
Despite significant surgical risks, an EPD could be a life-saving procedure in severe cases of pancreatitis.
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma masquerading as liver abscess: A case report
Authors: Wu Fang-Nan , Zhang Min , Zhang Kun , Lv Xin-Liang , Guo Jing-Qiang , Tu Chao-Yong , Zhou Qing-Yun 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma (PHL) is a rare malignant tumor and has non-specific clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics, making preoperative diagnosis challenging. Here, we report a case of PHL presenting primarily with fever, with computed tomography imaging showing a thick-walled hepatic lesion with low-density areas, resembling liver abscess.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient was a 34-year-old woman who presented with right upper abdominal pain and fever over 4 days before admission. Based on the patient’s medical history, laboratory examinations, and imaging examinations, liver abscess was suspected. Mesenchymal tumor was diagnosed by percutaneous liverbiopsy and partial hepatectomy was performed. Postoperative pathology revealed PHL. The patient is currently undergoing intravenous chemotherapy with the AD regimen and shows no signs of recurrence.
CONCLUSION
When there is a thick wall and rich blood supply in the hepatic lesion with a large proportion of uneven low-density areas, PHL should be considered.
Unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon in laparoscopy: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Hu Shi-Fu , Liu Xiang-Yu , Liu Han-Bo , Hao Yuan-Yuan 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
The presence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is a rare anatomical variation usually discovered incidentally during surgical interventions. This case report details an unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon identified during a laparoscopic appendectomy and examines the pertinent literature to explore its clinical importance.
CASE SUMMARY
A 71-year-old woman presented with acute appendicitis. A preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan showed peri-appendiceal inflammation but no significant anatomical abnormalities. During laparoscopic surgery, an unexpected finding was encountered: The sigmoid colon was situated on the right side and exhibited an abnormal relationship with the cecum and ascending colon. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed appendicitis with no additional pathological findings. The right-sided sigmoid colon anomaly was verified through intraoperative assessment and later re-evaluation with CT and colonographic imaging. The patient underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy and experienced a smooth postoperative recovery.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights the necessity of being attentive to anatomical variations during laparoscopic surgery, particularly when managing appendicitis. A review of the literature indicated that the occurrence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is infrequent and may be associated with anomalies in midgut rotation during embryonic development. Awareness of this variation can help prevent surgical complications and inform future clinical practice.
Role of macroscopic on-site evaluation of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy: Results of a multicentric prospective study
Authors: Okasha Hussein H , Hussein Hiwa A , Ragab Khaled M , Abdallah Omar , Rouibaa Fedoua , Mohamed Borahma , Ghalim Fahd , Farouk Mahmoud , Lasheen Mohamed , Elbasiony Mohamed A , Alzamzamy Ahmed E , El Deeb Ahmed , Atalla Hassan , El-Ansary Mahmoud , Mohamed Sahar , Elshair Moaz , Khannoussi Wafaa , Abu-Amer Mohamed Z , Elmekkaoui Amine , Naguib Mohammed S , Ait Errami Adil , El-Meligui Ahmed , El-Habashi Ahmed H , Ameen Mahmoud G , Abdelfatah Dalia , Kaddah Mona , Delsa Hanane 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
The concept of macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) was introduced in 2015 when the endoscopist observed better diagnostic yield when the macroscopically visible core on MOSE was superior to 4 mm. Recent studies suggest that MOSE by the endoscopist may be an excellent alternative to rapid on-site evaluation, and some classifications have been published. Few studies have assessed the adequacy of histologic cores in MOSE during endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB).
AIM
To evaluate the performance of MOSE during EUS-FNA/FNB.
METHODS
This multicentric prospective study was conducted in 16 centers in 3 countries (Egypt, Iraq, and Morocco) and included 1108 patients with pancreatic, biliary, or gastrointestinal pathology who were referred for EUS examination. We prospectively analyzed the MOSE in 1008 patients with available histopathological reports according to 2 classifications to determine the adequacy of the histological core samples. Data management and analysis were performed using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.
RESULTS
A total of 1074 solid lesions were biopsied in 1008 patients with available cytopathological reports. Mean age was 59 years, and 509 patients (50.5%) were male. The mean lesion size was 38 mm. The most frequently utilized needles were FNB-Franseen (74.5%) and 22 G (93.4%), with a median of 2 passes. According to 2 classifications, 618 non-bloody cores (61.3%) and 964 good samples (95.6%) were adequate for histological evaluation. The overall diagnostic yield of cytopathology was 95.5%. The cytological examination confirmed the diagnosis of malignancy in 861 patients (85.4%), while 45 samples (4.5%) were inconclusive. Post-procedural adverse events occurred in 33 patients (3.3%). Statistical analysis showed a difference between needle types (P = 0.035) with a high sensitivity of FNB (97%). The analysis of the relationship between the MOSE-score and the final diagnosis showed a significant difference between the different scores of the MOSE (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
MOSE is a simple method that allows endoscopists to increase needle passes to improve sample quality. There is significantly higher FNB sensitivity and cytopathology diagnostic yield with good MOSE cores.
Port and territorial development dynamics in the Caribbean Basin
Authors: Ranély Verge-Dépré Colette , Joncheray Lorenzo 
Published: October 2024

This article examines the relationship between ports and territories in the Caribbean, based on a cross-analysis of port and human development trajectories and states. Several indicators are used to highlight the possible existence of correlations between the growth of port activities in this area and the state of human development over the period 2006-2021. The evolution of traffic and port connectivity to liner shipping (UNCTAD's LSCI index), firstly shows a growing hierarchy in favour of a small number of hubs located along the main shipping routes (Caucedo, Freeport, etc.) and close to the Panama Canal (Colon, Cartagena, etc.). These port dynamics can sometimes, particularly with the increase in transhipment traffic in the main hubs, lead to a disconnection from the socio-spatial configuration of the neighbouring areas (in terms of number of inhabitants and surface area less than an hour away by car). Analysis of the human development of Caribbean port regions over the period studied also reveals the non-systematic nature of the links between changes in the HDI and connectivity to maritime transport. These results make it possible to establish several types of cases, thus contributing to the notion of a territorial port.
Cet article étudie les relations entre ports et territoires dans la Caraïbe, à partir de l’analyse croisée des trajectoires et états portuaires avec ceux du développement humain. Plusieurs indicateurs sont mobilisés afin de mettre en évidence l’existence éventuelle de corrélations entre la croissance des activités portuaires et du développement humain dans cet espace, sur la période 2006-2021. L’évolution des trafics conteneurisés et de la connectivité portuaire au transport maritime de ligne (indice LSCI de la CNUCED), montre tout d’abord une hiérarchisation croissante au profit d’un petit nombre de hubs situés le long des principales routes maritimes (Caucedo, Freeport, etc.) et à proximité du canal de Panama (Colón, Carthagène, etc.). Ces dynamiques portuaires peuvent parfois participer, notamment avec la hausse des trafics de transbordement dans les principaux hubs, d’une déconnexion vis-à-vis de la configuration socio-spatiale des territoires attenants (en nombre d’habitants et superficie à moins d’une heure en voiture). L’analyse du développement humain des régions portuaires caribéennes sur la période étudiée révèle aussi le caractère non systématique des liens entre l’IDH et l’évolution de la connectivité au transport maritime. Ces résultats permettent d’établir plusieurs types de cas, contribuant ainsi à la notion de port territorial.