bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of enzyme-resistant xylooligosaccharides extracted from hardwood chips by pre-hydrolysis and further depolymerized by enzymatic treatment
Authors: Guigon Valentin , Chirat Christine , Fort Laure , Lachenal Dominique 
Published: April 2019

AbstractXylose-rich solutions were produced by applying water pre-hydrolysis on mixed hardwood chips followed by an enzymatic treatment of the filtrate. The liquid phase obtained after water pre-hydrolysis contained xylose and xylans as the major components as well as other hemicelluloses and monosaccharides, acetic acid, and some degradation products of the monosaccharides [furfural, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural]. This hydrolysate underwent a two-step enzymatic treatment successively with endo-1,4-β-xylanase and 1,4-β-xylosidase to specifically depolymerize xylans into xylose without producing monosaccharides from the other oligosaccharides. After this treatment, 20.5% of the xylose units remained as oligomers. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry was applied after each step of the treatment to approach the structure of hemicellulose oligomers, to follow their depolymerization and to understand the reason for the resistance of some of them to enzymatic hydrolysis. It was found that highly acetylated xylans and/or xylans still substituted with 4-O-methylglucuronic groups were particularly resistant to this treatment.
Three-dimensional grain angle measurement of softwood (Hinoki cypress) using near infrared spatially and spectrally resolved imaging (NIR-SSRI)
Authors: Ma Te , Inagaki Tetsuya , Tsuchikawa Satoru 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
As the strength of wood is greatly affected by its three-dimensional (3D) grain angles (the dive angle and the surface angle), the wood industry today requires automatic, rapid, and robust measurement techniques for measuring them simultaneously. In the present study, a near infrared spatially and spectrally resolved imaging (NIR-SSRI) system was designed in a line scan model, mainly including an NIR hyperspectral imaging camera and a halogen spotlight source (Ø 1 mm). Spatially resolved diffuse reflectance images at three target wavelengths (1002 nm, 1217 nm, and 1413 nm) were obtained from Hinoki cypress [Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.] samples at various (0°, 3°, 6°, … 45°) dive angles and surface angles (0°, 3°, 6°, … 45°). The scattering patterns caused by the “tracheid effect” were almost elliptical. Subsequently, nonlinear least squares fitting was used to determine their eccentricities (e) and rotation angles (θ). The e values at each selected wavelength were highly correlated with the dive angle reference values; and the global identification model developed using Gaussian process regression (GPR) under five-fold cross-validation (CV) reached a determination coefficient (r
2) of 0.98 with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.2°. On the other hand, local surface angle identification models developed using linear regression analysis achieved determination coefficients higher than 0.90 on r
2 and an RMSE of CV lower than 3.8° when the dive angle was lower than 30°.
New drum-chipping technology for a more uniform size distribution of wood chips
Authors: Gard Timmerfors Jessica , Sjölund Torbjörn , Jönsson Leif J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWood chips from a novel type of drum chipper were compared to wood chips from a conventional disc chipper in an evaluation based on demonstration-scale and industrial-scale machinery. The evaluation was performed as the wood chippers were used as production machines in a kraft pulp mill using softwood. The average bulk density of the wood chips from the disc chipper and the drum chipper was similar and within the range of 138–140 kg/m3. The size distribution of the wood chips was investigated using a conventional screening method, and by using an automatized image-analysis system based on laser scanning. The average length was set to be the same, but the wood chips from the drum chipper had a more uniform length. The average thickness was similar, but the drum chipper generated slightly more thinner wood chips. Compared to the disc chipper and using the screening method, the drum chipper generated a similar fraction of oversized and overthick wood chips, 51% more large accept chips, 11% more total accept chips, and 74% less pin chips and fines. Image analysis resulted in similar data. The results indicate that drum chippers warrant further attention as an alternative to conventional industrial-scale disc chippers.
The effect of acupuncture on postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting after pediatric tonsillectomy: a systematic review
Authors: Pouy Somaye , Etebarian Abolfazl , Azizi-Qadikolaee Ali , Saeidi Solmaz 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures among children around the world and management of post tonsillectomy complications are very important.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on the amount of pain, nausea and vomiting after tonsillectomy in children.

Methods
In this study, two researchers searched individually for qualified articles on the effects of acupuncture on post-tonsillectomy pain, nausea and vomiting using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google scholar and Ovid databases by September 2018.

Results
After critically appraising the searched studies, 12 studies were selected and entered into a systematic review. Among the studies, various acupuncture methods were used.

Conclusion
This systematic review shows that acupuncture as a complementary method can prevent and reduce the severity of complications surrounding tonsillectomy.
Effect of Coal Ash on Fe-Based Oxygen Carrier in Coal Char Chemical Looping Gasification
Authors: Liu Yongzhuo , Zhang Xintao , Gao Minggang , Hu Xiude , Guo Qingjie 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a cost-effective alternative to the traditional fossil conversion process. In this article, the effects of three different types of coal ash on Fe-based oxygen carrier in coal char CLG were investigated. The composition of coal ashes and the microstructure of Fe4Al6 oxygen carrier were characterized by SEM-EDS, XRD and BET. The effects of different components of coal ash (SiO2, CaO, and K2O) were examined, and their effect mechanisms were analyzed. The findings suggested that the effect of coal ash on Fe4Al6 oxygen carrier could be divided into three aspects: (i) inhibition effect by forming low-melting-point compounds; (ii) enhancement effect through catalysis or formation of specific structure; and (iii) neutral effect by integrating with oxygen carrier. In addition, the formation of low-melting-point compounds, which is mainly due to SiO2 and CaO, was found to cause sinter and agglomeration of oxygen carrier. Moreover, potassium salts were found to either act as catalysts or cause the formation of K-Fe-O compounds; they promoted the release of lattice oxygen from oxygen carrier while enhanced oxygen carrier’s stability. The findings suggested that coal ash containing high content of K2O and Fe2O3 could enhance the performance of oxygen carrier during CLG.
Robinson’s conjecture for classical groups
Authors: Feng Zhicheng , Li Conghui , Liu Yanjun , Malle Gunter , Zhang Jiping 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Robinson’s conjecture states that the height of any irreducible ordinary character in a block of a finite group is bounded by the size of the central quotient of a defect group.
This conjecture had been reduced to quasi-simple groups by Murai.
The case of odd primes was settled completely in our predecessor paper.
Here we investigate the 2-blocks of finite quasi-simple classical groups.
Almost simple groups with no product of two primes dividing three character degrees
Authors: Aziziheris Kamal , Ahmadpour Mohammad 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Let

Irr
⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{Irr}(G)}

denote the set of complex irreducible characters of a finite group G, and let

cd
⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{cd}(G)}

be the set of degrees of the members of

Irr
⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{Irr}(G)}

.
For positive integers k and l, we say that the finite group G has the property

𝒫
k
l

{\mathcal{P}^{l}_{k}}

if, for any distinct degrees

a
1

,

a
2

,
…
,

a
k

∈

cd
⁡

(
G
)

{a_{1},a_{2},\dots,a_{k}\in\operatorname{cd}(G)}

, the total number of (not necessarily different) prime divisors of the greatest common divisor

gcd
⁡

(

a
1

,

a
2

,
…
,

a
k

)

{\gcd(a_{1},a_{2},\dots,a_{k})}

is at most

l
-
1

{l-1}

.
In this paper, we classify all finite almost simple groups satisfying the property

𝒫
3
2

{\mathcal{P}_{3}^{2}}

.
As a consequence of our classification, we show that if G is an almost simple group satisfying

𝒫
3
2

{\mathcal{P}_{3}^{2}}

, then

|

cd
⁡

(
G
)

|

⩽
8

{\lvert\operatorname{cd}(G)\rvert\leqslant 8}

.
The Ivanov regularized Gauss–Newton method in Banach space with an a posteriori choice of the regularization radius
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Klassen Andrej , Previatti de Souza Mario Luiz 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton method, where regularization is achieved by Ivanov regularization, i.e., by imposing a priori constraints on the solution.
We propose an a posteriori choice of the regularization radius, based on an inexact Newton/discrepancy principle approach, prove convergence and convergence rates under a variational source condition as the noise level tends to zero and provide an analysis of the discretization error.
Our results are valid in general, possibly nonreflexive Banach spaces, including, e.g.,

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

as a preimage space.
The theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical experiments.
Rigorous Eigenmode Derivations and Spectral Analysis for Step-Index Confocal Parabolic Optical Fibers
Authors: Ikpeazu Emeka V. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
For quite some time, the geometry-dependence of electric fields confined in two-dimensional systems of propagation has been known. We explore a lesser known way in which one can confine light, parabolically. One can use this method to understand the different forms modes take in such fibers and the appropriate eigenfunction for spectral analysis. In this paper, a fiber with a parabolic core and a circular cladding for the preservation of coaxiality are proposed.
MYT1L mutation in a patient causes intellectual disability and early onset of obesity: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Al Tuwaijri Abeer , Alfadhel Majid 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Obesity has become one of the greatest health risks worldwide. Recently, there was an explosion of information regarding the role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the development of monogenic and syndromic obesity.

Case presentation
Over the last decade, terminal and interstitial submicroscopic deletions of copy number variants (CNVs) in 2p25.3 and single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in myelin transcription factor 1 like (MYT1L) were detected by genome-wide array analysis and whole exome sequencing (WES) in patients with a nonspecific clinical phenotype that commonly includes intellectual disability (ID), early onset of obesity and speech delay. Here, we report the first Saudi female patient with mild to moderate ID, early onset of obesity and speech delay associated with a de novo pathogenic SNV in the MYT1L gene (c. 1585G>A [Gly529Arg]), which causes an amino acid change from Gly to Arg at position 529 that leads to mental retardation, autosomal dominant 39.
Distributive Justice and the Sustainable Development Goals: Delivering Agenda 2030 in India
Authors: Ramanujam Nandini , Caivano Nicholas , Agnello Alexander 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) present a real opportunity to direct India towards a path of equality and equity. This article posits that India’s plans to achieve the millennium development goals by the end of their term in 2015 faltered because reforms designed to alleviate poverty and achieve equitable growth did not adequately address weaknesses in institutions of accountability, which undermined the reform agenda. These institutions, which include Parliament and the judiciary, exist in part to ensure that actions taken by public officials are subject to oversight so that government initiatives meet their stated objectives. As India shifts its attention to Agenda 2030, its renewed commitment to institutional reforms represents an occasion for the state to address the inequalities in income and the resulting human development concerns. For the government to achieve the SDGs, this article suggests that India must integrate what we refer to as a baseline conception of distributive justice within its plans, which can account for structural barriers to its development arising from ineffective institutions of accountability and provide the poor with a route towards individual empowerment.
“Fight Like a Girl”: Tattoos as Identity Constructions for Women Living with Illness
Authors: Koller Veronika , Bullo Stella 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this article, we explore the functions that tattoos worn by women with breast cancer or endometriosis have in constructing identities for the wearer and conceptualise the respective illness. Drawing on previous literature on multimodal communication, tattoos and illness, we analyse a sample of 59 different tattoos for their ideational function in constructing identities. A social semiotic analysis shows that lexemes, images, type fonts and intertextuality work together to construct dominant identities for the women wearing the tattoos: as a fighter or warrior, or as a sufferer. The first, metaphoric, identity shows hybrid gendering and constructs the illness as an adversary, while the identity as sufferer often has religious overtones, particularly for breast cancer tattoos. Subversive identities centre on despair or rationality, and as such constitute an alternative to social imperatives of either staying strong and fighting the illness or accepting one’s fate. We close by discussing in how far the tattoos do justice to the complexity of living with an illness and how our research shows the need to include visual stimuli in medical consultations.
Spectral stability of nonlinear gravity waves in the atmosphere
Authors: Schlutow Mark , Wahlén Erik , Birken Philipp 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe apply spectral stability theory to investigate nonlinear gravity waves in the atmosphere. These waves are determined by modulation equations that result from Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin theory. First, we establish that plane waves, which represent exact solutions to the inviscid Boussinesq equations, are spectrally stable with respect to their nonlinear modulation equations under the same conditions as what is known as modulational stability from weakly nonlinear theory. In contrast to Boussinesq, the pseudo-incompressible regime does fully account for the altitudinal varying background density. Second,we show for the first time that upward-traveling non-plane wave fronts solving the inviscid nonlinear modulation equations, that compare to pseudo-incompressible theory, are unconditionally unstable. Both inviscid regimes turn out to be ill-posed as the spectra allow for arbitrarily large instability growth rates. Third, a regularization is found by including dissipative effects. The corresponding nonlinear traveling wave solutions have localized amplitude. As a consequence of the nonlinearity, envelope and linear group velocity, as given by the derivative of the frequency with respect to wavenumber, do not coincide anymore. These waves blow up unconditionally by embedded eigenvalue instabilities but the instability growth rate is bounded from above and can be computed analytically. Additionally, all three types of nonlinear modulation equations are solved numerically to further investigate and illustrate the nature of the analytic stability results.
Why We Shouldn’t Pity Schrödinger’s Kitty: Revisiting David Lewis’ Worry About Quantum Immortality in a Branching Multiverse
Authors: Lenart Bartlomiej A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDavid Lewis cautions that although a no-collapse interpretation of quantum mechanics entails immortality for trans-world selves, the nature of the branching leaves us crippled, lonely, deathly ill (although never dead), and mentally infirm, meaning that immortal life, on such terms, amounts to an existence in eternal torment. This paper argues that the problem Lewis points to is in fact one of individuation and that a synthesis of Lewis’ own notion of perdurance and Robert Nozick’s closest continuer theory, when cast in the mould of a deterministic multiverse (as conceived by the Oxford quantum physicist David Deutsch), individuates trans-world selves in such a way as to allow to prune the infinitesimal expectation of a miserable eternal existence from the histories of most trans-world agents. Thus, contrary to Lewis’ warning that if personal identity is a trans-world notion, then we should all shake in our shoes, this paper argues that even if we are trans-world selves, we almost certainly have nothing to worry about.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[tetraaqua-bis(μ2-2-(4-carboxylatophenoxy)benzoato-κ2
O:O′)-pentakis(pyridine-κ1
N)dinickel(II)], C53H47N5Ni2O13
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhang Li , Ma Yun , Du Weichao 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
C53H47N5O13Ni2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 24.0549(15) Å, b = 14.5539(4) Å, c = 18.8986(11) Å, β = 130.953(10)°, V = 4996.9(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0435, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1158, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2,6-bis(pyridin-1-ium-3-ylmethyl)hexahydro-4,8-ethenopyrrolo-[3,4-f] isoindole-1,3,5,7-tetrone tetrachloridocuprate(II) monohydrate, C24H24Cl4CuN4O5
Authors: Liu Zhi-Min 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
C24H24Cl4CuN4O5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 11.8748(12) Å, b = 13.3493(13) Å, c = 16.4721(17) Å, V = 2611.2(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0351, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0873, T = 173(2) K.
Non Vitae Sed Scholae Discimus? Schooling Fosters Intelligence
Authors: Bergold Sebastian , Steinmayr Ricarda 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Intelligenz ist wichtig für schulischen Erfolg. Fördert Beschulung jedoch auch die Intelligenz? In diesem Übersichtsartikel präsentieren wir Evidenz dafür, dass sowohl die Schulbesuchsdauer als auch die Beschulungsqualität die Leistung in Intelligenztests beeinflussen. Zudem werden differentielle Effekte beleuchtet. Der Beschulungseffekt ist für akademische Ausbildungsgänge ausgeprägter als für nicht-akademische und zeigt sich in verschiedenen Intelligenzfacetten und Altersgruppen, wobei er für jüngere Kinder am stärksten zu sein scheint. Die Beschulungsdauer ist mit Alterseffekten auf die Intelligenz konfundiert, und verschiedene Beschulungszweige bringen das Problem eines selektiven Intakes von Schülern mit sich. Daher stellt der vorliegende Beitrag außerdem Untersuchungs-Designs vor, mit deren Hilfe diese Probleme gelöst werden konnten. Abschließend wird resümiert, dass der Beschulungseffekt kein Artefakt darstellt, sondern die Folge einer „echten“ Intelligenzsteigerung ist.
Use and efficacy of homeopathy in prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis
Authors: Zeise Johanna , Fritz Jürgen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an important disease in dairy farming. As alternative therapy to antibiotics, whose use is seen as increasingly critical, farmer try to treat mastitis with homeopathy, for example. The present study examined i) whether homeopathic treatments for bovine mastitis can have positive treatment outcomes, ii) which treatments have been successful and under which conditions, iii) indications for future studies and applications for homeopathy to treat mastitis. 32 studies published to date have been evaluated. Assessment criteria and a rating score of 0 to 5 points were fixed for the appraisal. Healing and prophylaxis of mastitis were the primary focus to highlight the medication success and its framework for suitable mastitis therapy. The top eight studies of this quality ranking were subjected to differentiated evaluation. The selected studies showed a positive treatment outcome of homeopathy. Due to the homeopathic effect and the most used remedies in the selected studies, the medication should be chosen according to the homeopathic drug picture. With homeopathic drugs it was possible to reduce the antibiotic use by up to 75%. Some studies indicated that homeopathy might have a positive long-term effect. Furthermore, the results suggested a high self-healing ability in bovine mastitis.
Information retrieval algorithm of industrial cluster based on vector space
Authors: Li Rongsheng , Hassan Nasruddin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe current information retrieval research on industrial clusters has low precision, low recall ratio, obvious delay and high energy consumption. Thus, in this paper, a information retrieval algorithm based on vector space for industrial clusters is proposed. By optimizing the unlawful labels in the database network, dividing the web pages of the industrial cluster information database and calculating the keyword scores of the relevant information of the industrial cluster corresponding to a web page, a set of well-divided database pages is obtained, and the purification of the industrial cluster information database is realized. According to the purification of industrial cluster information database, RFD algorithm is used to extract the page data features of purified industrial cluster information database. The extracted results are substituted into the information retrieval, and the vectors composed of retrieval units are used to describe the information of various types of industrial clusters and each retrieval. The matching results of information retrieval are obtained by calculating the correlation between the information of industrial clusters and the query, and the information retrieval of industrial clusters is completed. Experimental results show that the algorithm has high precision and recall ratio, short retrieval time and low energy consumption.
Parametric model updating with frequency and MAC combined objective function of port crane structure based on operational modal analysis
Authors: Zhang Weiguo , Postolache Octavian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In FE modeling of port crane structures, errors may be caused due to the simplification of complicated components, unclear physical properties, local approximation and inaccurate boundary conditions. So it is very important to update the FE model accuracy according to the experiment model and results. However there are two major problems when solving the model updating of port crane structure, the one is the difficulty of collecting the structure modal parameters with traditional modal experiment method because of the large scale of port crane structure, the other is mismatching problem while updating processing due to most of the model updating method currently constructing the objective function only by frequency. In this paper, an operational modal analysis is adopted to estimate the modal parameters of port crane structure based on the operational condition. A parametric model updating methodology of finite element (FE) model is proposed to solve port crane structure model updating: a series of design parameters of the FE model of port crane structure are selected as the main factors based on the sensitivity analysis, the objective function is built by considering the frequency correlation and the modal assurance criterion (MAC) together, and finally a zero-order/first-order combination algorithm is utilized to get the final accurate FE model of port crane structure. Research results showed that methodology proposed in this paper has satisfied updating accuracy for port crane structure, which verifies that the proposed method is suitable for model updating problem of this kind of structure.