bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐specific Instrumentation Affects Rotational Alignment of the Femoral Component in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cucchi Davide , Menon Alessandra , Aliprandi Alberto , Soncini Giulia , Zanini Beatrice , Ragone Vincenza , Compagnoni Riccardo , Ferrua Paolo , Fossati Chiara , Randelli Pietro 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether patient‐specific instrumentation (PSI) improve the accuracy of femoral component rotational alignment with respect to conventionally‐implanted total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsTwenty‐four patients were randomized to receive a TKA implanted with PSI or conventional instrumentation. Implant orientation was compared on Computed Tomography (CT). Surgical time, recuts, and component size variations from planning were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative Oxford knee score and visual analogue scale were compared to assess clinical outcomes.ResultsFemoral components implanted with patient‐specific instrumentation were aligned with greater external rotation than those implanted with conventional instrumentation (P = 0.022). No significant differences were found in surgical times, number of recuts, and clinical outcomes. Surgeon modifications from the planned size were necessary in 58% of PSI cases.ConclusionFemoral components implanted with PSI had greater external rotation than with conventional instrumentation. Surgeons must carefully evaluate component sizes when using PSI, both in planning and during surgery.
Implantation of a dual‐chamber pacemaker with epicardial leads in adults using a minimally invasive subxyphoid approach
Authors: Kempa Maciej , Laskawski Grzegorz , Budrejko Szymon , Slawinski Grzegorz , Raczak Grzegorz , Rogowski Jan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundImplantation of transvenous pacemaker systems is a standard method used to treat patients with bradycardia. There are some clinical settings in which that method cannot be used despite existing indications (such as developmental defects of the cardiovascular system and limited venous access or infections). In such cases, an epicardial pacing system may be implanted with cardiac surgery techniques, at a cost of certain surgical risks. The least invasive approach is subxyphoid, but it traditionally allows to place only a ventricular lead and achieve a single‐chamber VVI pacing system.AimThe aim of our study was to determine the feasibility of subxyphoid implantation of dual‐chamber pacing systems using thoracoscopic tools, as well as to and examine the short‐ and mid‐term outcomes of such procedures.MethodsPatients were qualified for an epicardial pacemaker system in case of absolute indications for permanent pacing therapy and coexisting contraindications for a transvenous system. DDD systems were implanted in 10 consecutive patients, in general anesthesia, in a cardiac surgery operating room, using subxyphoid access to pericardial space and a standard set of minimally invasive thoracoscopic tools.ResultsImplantation of a dual‐chamber pacing system using the above approach was successful in all attempts. No serious complications were observed. Pacing and sensing parameters were appropriate at implantation and remained such during the follow‐up of 2‐27 months.ConclusionImplantation of a dual‐chamber pacing system using a minimally invasive subxyphoid approach is feasible. Appropriate pacing and sensing values may be obtained and they remain stable during follow‐up.
Pediatric toxic epidermal necrolysis treated successfully with infliximab
Authors: Chafranska Lana , Saunte Ditte M. , Behrendt Nille , Nygaard Ulrikka , Christensen Ryan J. , Sand Carsten , Jemec Gregor B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSuccessful management of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with tumor necrosis factor‐α inhibitors has been described in adults. We present a case of a 7‐year‐old boy with infection‐associated TEN, diagnosed by typical clinical and histopathological features, most likely caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Treatment with a single dose of infliximab 5 mg/kg intravenously on day 5 after the onset of symptoms was followed by cessation of all blister formation over 3 days and complete resolution within a week. Sequelae were mild, consisting of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and dry eyes.
Topical sirolimus as an effective treatment for a deep neurofibroma in a patient with neurofibromatosis type I
Authors: Malhotra Neel , Levy Jonathan Michael Stephen , Fiorillo Loretta 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA 14‐year‐old boy with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) presented with a painful neurofibroma on his right palm. The lesion was treated with topical sirolimus, resulting in decreased size and pain and improvement in motor function of his hand. This case demonstrates the efficacy of topical sirolimus in the management of neurofibromas in NF1.
Dermoscopy of subungual red comets associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Sechi Andrea , Savoia Francesco , Patrizi Annalisa , Sacchelli Lidia , Neri Iria 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe report here our experience on the use of dermoscopy for the detection of subungual red comets, which are sometimes present in the nails of patients affected by tuberous sclerosis complex. Dermoscopy allowed us to visualize, with better resolution than the naked eye, very tortuous capillaries surrounded by a whitish halo and close parallel binary tortuous capillaries. In some cases, subungual red comets are associated with the presence of periungual or subungual fibromas, but their exact pathogenesis remains unknown.
Fostering social and emotional intelligence: What are the best current strategies in parenting?
Authors: Segrin Chris , Flora Jeanne 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis review focuses on parenting practices that are beneficial or antagonistic to the development of emotional and social intelligence in children. We start by reviewing the somewhat nebulous concepts of emotional and social intelligence. This is followed by an examination of the association between well‐known parenting styles such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and directive parenting and various indicators of child emotional and social intelligence. The strategic emotion‐coaching parenting style is also examined for its connections to comparable child outcomes. Parenting practices such as inductive discipline and parental availability also appear to cultivate emotional and social intelligence in children. Finally, overparenting is discussed as a parenting practice that apparently corrupts the development of these traits in emerging adults. We conclude that best practices, where emotional intelligence and social intelligence are the benchmarks, blend parental care and concern with a degree of parental demands on children that are appropriate for their developmental stage.
Pooled CRISPR/Cas9 reveals redundant roles of plastidial phosphoglycerate kinases in carbon fixation and metabolism
Authors: Li Ruizi , Qiu Zhimin , Wang Xiaoguo , Gong Pingping , Xu Qinzhen , Yu Qing‐bo , Guan Yuefeng 
Published: March 2019

SummaryPhosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) is a highly conserved reversible enzyme that participates in both glycolysis and photosynthesis. In Arabidopsis thaliana, one cytosolic PGK (PGKc) and two plastidial PGKs (PGKp) are known. It remains debatable whether the two PGKp isozymes are functionally redundant or specialized in plastidial carbon metabolism and fixation. Here, using a pooled clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) strategy, we found that plants with single mutations in pgkp1 or pgkp2 were not significantly affected, whereas a pgkp1pgkp2 double mutation was lethal due to retarded carbon fixation, suggesting that PGKp isozymes play redundant functional roles. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the sugar‐deficient pgkp1pgkp2 double mutation was partially complemented by exogenous sugar, although respiration intermediates were not rescued. Chloroplast development was defective in pgkp1pgkp2, due to a deficiency in glycolysis‐dependent galactoglycerolipid biosynthesis. Ectopic expression of a plastid targeting PGKc did not reverse the pgkp1pgkp2 double‐mutant phenotypes. Therefore, PGKp1 and PGKp2 play redundant roles in carbon fixation and metabolism, whereas the molecular function of PGKc is more divergent. Our study demonstrated the functional conservation and divergence of glycolytic enzymes.
The plant Pontin and Reptin homologues, RuvBL1 and RuvBL2a, colocalize with TERT and TRB proteins in vivo, and participate in telomerase biogenesis
Authors: Schořová Šárka , Fajkus Jiří , Záveská Drábková Lenka , Honys David , Schrumpfová Petra Procházková 
Published: March 2019

SummaryTelomerase maturation and recruitment to telomeres is regulated by several telomerase‐ and telomere‐associated proteins. Among a number of proteins, human Pontin and Reptin play critical roles in telomerase biogenesis. Here we characterized plant orthologues of Pontin and Reptin, RuvBL1 and RuvBL2a, respectively, and show association of Arabidopsis thaliana RuvBL1 (AtRuvBL1) with the catalytic subunit of telomerase (AtTERT) in the nucleolus in vivo. In contrast to mammals, interactions between AtTERT and AtRuvBL proteins in A. thaliana are not direct and they are rather mediated by one of the Arabidopsis thaliana Telomere Repeat Binding (AtTRB) proteins. We further show that plant orthologue of dyskerin, named AtCBF5, is indirectly associated with AtTRB proteins but not with the AtRuvBL proteins in the plant nucleus/nucleolus, and interacts with the Protection of telomere 1 (AtPOT1a) in the nucleolus or cytoplasmic foci. Our genome‐wide phylogenetic analyses identify orthologues in RuvBL protein family within the plant kingdom. Dysfunction of AtRuvBL genes in heterozygous T‐DNA insertion A. thaliana mutants results in reduced telomerase activity and indicate the involvement of AtRuvBL in plant telomerase biogenesis.
Preoperative factors associated with resection and anastomosis in horses presenting with strangulating lesions of the small intestine
Authors: Pye Jannah , Espinosa‐Mur Pablo , Roca Rodrigo , Kilcoyne Isabelle , Nieto Jorge , Dechant Julie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if preoperative and intraoperative clinical variables correlate with resection and anastomosis (RA) in horses presenting with strangulating small intestinal (SI) lesions.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsHorses undergoing exploratory celiotomy for a strangulating SI lesion (n = 243).MethodsThe records of horses undergoing surgical correction for strangulating SI lesions from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017 were reviewed. Horses were categorized as treated with RA or not treated with RA. Obtained information included history, signalment, clinical findings, diagnostic test results, intraoperative findings, and survival to discharge. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to compare data between horses treated with RA vs those not treated with RA (P = .05).ResultsIn total, 172 SI lesions were resected, and 71 were not resected. Horses that had gastric reflux at admission to the hospital (odds ratio [OR] 5.56; 95% CI 1.76, 17.59) and horses with amotile SI according to abdominal ultrasonography (OR 9.69; 95% CI 3.09, 30.37) were more likely to undergo RA. Increased difference between peritoneal fluid and blood lactate was higher in horses that underwent RA (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.12, 2.13). Survival to hospital discharge was lower in the group of horses that underwent RA compared with horses that did not undergo RA.ConclusionResection and anastomosis of strangulating SI lesions was associated with several preoperative variables.Clinical significanceThis study highlights the value of preoperative diagnostic procedures in aiding intraoperative decision making and prognostication in horses presenting with strangulating SI lesions.
Intracranial Vascular Responses to High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Steady-State Exercise in Children
Authors: Tallon Christine M. , Simair Ryan G. , Koziol Alyssa V. , Ainslie Philip N. , McManus Alison M. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To understand the extent different types of acute exercise influence cerebral blood flow during and following exercise in children. Methods: Eight children (7–11 y; 4 girls) completed 2 conditions: high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE; 6 × 1-min sprints at 90% watt maximum) and moderate-intensity steady-state exercise (MISS; 15 min at 44% watt maximum). Blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAV) and heart rate were assessed continuously. The partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide and mean arterial pressure were assessed at baseline and following exercise. Results: Percentage of maximum heart rate during HIIE was 82% (4%), compared with 69% (4%) during MISS. MCAV was increased above baseline in MISS after 75 seconds (5.8% [3.9%], P × .004) but was unchanged during HIIE. MCAV was reduced below baseline (−10.7% [4.1%], P × .004) during the sixth sprint of HIIE. In both conditions, MCAV remained below baseline postexercise, but returned to baseline values 30-minute postexercise (P < .001). A postexercise increase in mean arterial pressure was apparent following HIIE and MISS, and persisted 30-minute postexercise. Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide declined post HIIE (−3.4 mm Hg, P < .05), but not following MISS. Conclusion: These preliminary findings show HIIE and MISS elicit differing intracranial vascular responses; however, research is needed to elucidate the implications and underlying regulatory mechanisms of these responses.
Traumatic brain injury in young children with isolated scalp haematoma
Authors: Bressan Silvia , Kochar Amit , Oakley Ed , Borland Meredith , Phillips Natalie , Dalton Sarah , Lyttle Mark D , Hearps Stephen , Cheek John Alexander , Furyk Jeremy , Neutze Jocelyn , Dalziel Stuart , Babl Franz E 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveDespite high-quality paediatric head trauma clinical prediction rules, the management of otherwise asymptomatic young children with scalp haematomas (SH) can be difficult. We determined the risk of intracranial injury when SH is the only predictor variable using definitions from the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) and Children’s Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events (CHALICE) head trauma rules.DesignPlanned secondary analysis of a multicentre prospective observational study.SettingTen emergency departments in Australia and New Zealand.PatientsChildren <2 years with head trauma (n=5237).InterventionsWe used the PECARN (any non-frontal haematoma) and CHALICE (>5 cm haematoma in any region of the head) rule-based definition of isolated SH in both children <1 year and <2 years.Main outcome measuresClinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI; ie, death, neurosurgery, intubation >24 hours or positive CT scan in association with hospitalisation ≥2 nights for traumatic brain injury).ResultsIn children <1 year with isolated SH as per PECARN rule, the risk of ciTBI was 0.0% (0/109; 95% CI 0.0% to 3.3%); in those with isolated SH as defined by the CHALICE, it was 20.0% (7/35; 95% CI 8.4% to 36.9%) with one patient requiring neurosurgery. Results for children <2 years and when using rule specific outcomes were similar.ConclusionsIn young children with SH as an isolated finding after head trauma, use of the definitions of both rules will aid clinicians in determining the level of risk of ciTBI and therefore in deciding whether to do a CT scan.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000463673.
UEFA model in identification of types, severity and mechanism of injuries among footballers in the Nigerian Women’s Premier League
Authors: Ibikunle Peter olanrewaju , Efobi Kinsley C , Nwankwo Maduabuchi J , Ani Kenneth U 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the injury profile and the incidence rate per 1000 hours exposure during training and actual league matches in the Nigerian Women’s Premier League (NWPL) and to develop an adequate information pool, using the UEFA injury study model in order to develop appropriate injury prevention strategies.Methods241 women footballers from the eight football clubs that participated in the 2015/2016 Nigerian Women Premier league (NWPL) season were selected for the study and prospectively followed for a period of 6 months. The UEFA injury report forms and Competitive Aggressiveness and Anger Scale were sent to the various clubs, and the forms administered on them as at when due. The forms were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsThere was a high incidence rate per 1000 hours of exposure during training sessions (10.98 injuries/1000 hours) and matches (55.56 injuries/1000 hours); the predominant injury type was muscle rupture/strain injuries (35.49%), while moderate severity injuries were the most frequent. The predominant injury mechanism was traumatic injuries caused by contact with other players as a result of a tackle by other players (14.5%). No statistical association was established between the level of aggression and the prevalent types of injury (p=0.63).ConclusionsThe organisers of the league and indeed the referees should ensure that the rules of the game are upheld, and foul or overly aggressive play is penalised. Medical staff and coaches should consider evidence-based injury prevention strategies to reduce the risk of the common injuries sustained in the NWPL.
Combined small molecule and loss-of-function screen uncovers estrogen receptor alpha and CAD as host factors for HDV infection and antiviral targets
Authors: Verrier Eloi R , Weiss Amélie , Bach Charlotte , Heydmann Laura , Turon-Lagot Vincent , Kopp Arnaud , El Saghire Houssein , Crouchet Emilie , Pessaux Patrick , Garcia Thomas , Pale Patrick , Zeisel Mirjam B , Sureau Camille , Schuster Catherine , Brino Laurent , Baumert Thomas F 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveHepatitis D virus (HDV) is a circular RNA virus coinfecting hepatocytes with hepatitis B virus. Chronic hepatitis D results in severe liver disease and an increased risk of liver cancer. Efficient therapeutic approaches against HDV are absent.DesignHere, we combined an RNAi loss-of-function and small molecule screen to uncover host-dependency factors for HDV infection.ResultsFunctional screening unravelled the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-signalling and insulin-resistance pathways, RNA polymerase II, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and the pyrimidine metabolism as virus-hepatocyte dependency networks. Validation studies in primary human hepatocytes identified the carbamoyl-phosphatesynthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase and dihydroorotase (CAD) enzyme and estrogen receptor alpha (encoded byESR1) as key host factors for HDV life cycle. Mechanistic studies revealed that the two host factors are required for viral replication. Inhibition studies using N-(phosphonoacetyl)-L-aspartic acid and fulvestrant, specific CAD and ESR1 inhibitors, respectively, uncovered their impact as antiviral targets.ConclusionThe discovery of HDV host-dependency factors elucidates the pathogenesis of viral disease biology and opens therapeutic strategies for HDV cure.
Lower Bounds for Synchronizing Word Lengths in Partial Automata
Authors: de Bondt Michiel , Don Henk , Zantema Hans 
Published: March 2019

It was conjectured by Černý in 1964, that a synchronizing DFA on [Formula: see text] states always has a synchronizing word of length at most [Formula: see text], and he gave a sequence of DFAs for which this bound is reached. Until now a full analysis of all DFAs reaching this bound was only given for [Formula: see text], and with bounds on the number of symbols for [Formula: see text]. Here we give the full analysis for [Formula: see text], without bounds on the number of symbols. For PFAs (partial automata) on [Formula: see text] states we do a similar analysis as for DFAs and find the maximal shortest synchronizing word lengths, exceeding [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. Where DFAs with long synchronization typically have very few symbols, for PFAs we observe that more symbols may increase the synchronizing word length. For PFAs on [Formula: see text] states and two symbols we investigate all occurring synchronizing word lengths. We give series of PFAs on two and three symbols, reaching the maximal possible length for some small values of [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text], the construction on two symbols is the unique one reaching the maximal length. For both series the growth is faster than [Formula: see text], although still quadratic. Based on string rewriting, for arbitrary size we construct a PFA on three symbols with exponential shortest synchronizing word length, giving significantly better bounds than earlier exponential constructions. We give a transformation of this PFA to a PFA on two symbols keeping exponential shortest synchronizing word length, yielding a better bound than applying a similar known transformation. Both PFAs are transitive. Finally, we show that exponential lengths are even possible with just one single undefined transition, again with transitive constructions.
On a Greedy Algorithm to Construct Universal Cycles for Permutations
Authors: Gao Alice L. L. , Kitaev Sergey , Steiner Wolfgang , Zhang Philip B. 
Published: March 2019

A universal cycle for permutations of length [Formula: see text] is a cyclic word or permutation, any factor of which is order-isomorphic to exactly one permutation of length [Formula: see text], and containing all permutations of length [Formula: see text] as factors. It is well known that universal cycles for permutations of length [Formula: see text] exist. However, all known ways to construct such cycles are rather complicated. For example, in the original paper establishing the existence of the universal cycles, constructing such a cycle involves finding an Eulerian cycle in a certain graph and then dealing with partially ordered sets. In this paper, we offer a simple way to generate a universal cycle for permutations of length [Formula: see text], which is based on applying a greedy algorithm to a permutation of length [Formula: see text]. We prove that this approach gives a unique universal cycle [Formula: see text] for permutations, and we study properties of [Formula: see text].