bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of environment and life stage on interpretation of silky shark relative abundance indices for the equatorial Pacific Ocean
Authors: Lennert‐Cody Cleridy E. , Clarke Shelley C. , Aires‐da‐Silva Alexandre , Maunder Mark N. , Franks Peter J. S. , Román Marlon , Miller Arthur J. , Minami Mihoko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent large fluctuations in an index of relative abundance for the silky shark in the eastern Pacific Ocean have called into question its reliability as a population indicator for management. To investigate whether these fluctuations were driven by environmental forcing rather than true changes in abundance, a Pacific‐wide approach was taken. Data collected by observers aboard purse‐seine vessels fishing in the equatorial Pacific were used to compute standardized trends in relative abundance by region, and where possible, by shark size category as a proxy for life stage. These indices were compared to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), an index of Pacific Ocean climate variability. Correlation between silky indices and the PDO was found to differ by region and size category. The highest correlations by shark size category were for small (<90 cm total length [TL]) and medium (90–150 cm TL) sharks from the western region of the equatorial eastern Pacific (EP) and from the equatorial western Pacific. This correlation disappeared in the inshore EP. Throughout, correlations with the PDO were generally lower for large silky sharks (>150 cm TL). These results are suggestive of changes in the small and medium silky indices being driven by movement of juvenile silky sharks across the Pacific as the eastern edge of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool shifts location with ENSO events. Lower correlation of the PDO with large shark indices may indicate that those indices were less influenced by environmental forcing and therefore potentially less biased with respect to monitoring population trends.
Implementation of Solute Transport in the Vadose Zone into the “HYDRUS Package for MODFLOW”
Authors: Beegum Sahila , Šimůnek Jiří , Szymkiewicz Adam , Sudheer K. P. , Nambi Indumathi M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe “HYDRUS package for MODFLOW” is an existing MODFLOW package that allows MODFLOW to simultaneously evaluate transient water flow in both unsaturated and saturated zones. The package is based on incorporating parts of the HYDRUS‐1D model (to simulate unsaturated water flow in the vadose zone) into MODFLOW (to simulate saturated groundwater flow). The coupled model is effective in addressing spatially variable saturated‐unsaturated hydrological processes at the regional scale. However, one of the major limitations of this coupled model is that it does not have the capability to simulate solute transport along with water flow and therefore, the model cannot be employed for evaluating groundwater contamination. In this work, a modified unsaturated flow and transport package (modified HYDRUS package for MODFLOW and MT3DMS) has been developed and linked to the three‐dimensional (3D) groundwater flow model MODFLOW and the 3D groundwater solute transport model MT3DMS. The new package can simulate, in addition to water flow in the vadose zone, also solute transport involving many biogeochemical processes and reactions, including first‐order degradation, volatilization, linear or nonlinear sorption, one‐site kinetic sorption, two‐site sorption, and two‐kinetic sites sorption. Due to complex interactions at the groundwater table, certain modifications of the pressure head (compared to the original coupling) and solute concentration profiles were incorporated into the modified HYDRUS package. The performance of the newly developed model is evaluated using HYDRUS (2D/3D), and the results indicate that the new model is effective in simulating the movement of water and contaminants in the saturated‐unsaturated flow domains.
Interest of cytology combined with Xpert®HPV and Anyplex®II HPV28 Detection human papillomavirus (HPV) typing: differential profiles of anal and cervical HPV lesions in HIV‐infected patients on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Nassereddine H , Charpentier C , Bucau M , Joly V , Bienvenu L , Davitian C , Abramowitz L , Benabderrahmane D , Kotelevets L , Chastre E , Lehy T , Walker F 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess the interest to combine cytological examination and human papillomavirus (HPV) typing of anal and cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smears of HIV‐infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), to evaluate whether differences in prevalence exist between anal and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in patients with high‐risk oncogenic HPV infection.MethodsAnal and/or cervical Pap smears were obtained by anoscopy and/or colposcopy in 238 subjects recruited consecutively in 2015: anal smears were obtained from 48 male and female patients [42 men; 35 men who have sex with men (MSM)] and cervical smears from 190 female patients. Cytological Bethesda classification was coupled with HPV typing. HPV typing was performed, on the same smears, using the Xpert® HPV Assay, which detects only high‐risk HPV (hrHPV), and the Anyplex® II HPV28 Detection assay, which detects hrHPV and low‐risk (lr) HPV.ResultsOur data showed clear‐cut differences between the anal and cervical samples. Compared with the cervical samples, the anal samples exhibited (1) more numerous cytological lesions, which were histologically proven; (2) a higher hrHPV infection prevalence; (3) a higher prevalence of multiple hrHPV coinfections whatever HPV typing kit was used; (4) a predominance of HPV16 and HPV18/45 types. Overall, there was an almost perfect agreement between the two HPV typing assays (absolute agreement = 90.3%).ConclusionsCo‐testing consisting of cytology and HPV typing is a useful screening tool in the HIV‐infected population on cART. It allows detection of prevalence differences between anal and cervical HPV‐related lesions. As recently recommended, anal examination should be regularly performed especially in HIV‐infected MSM but also in HIV‐infected women with genital hrHPV lesions.
Purification of peptide fraction with antioxidant activity from Moringa oleifera leaf hydrolysate and protective effect of its in vitro gastrointestinal digest on oxidatively damaged erythrocytes
Authors: Lin Lianzhu , Zhu Qiyuan , Zhao Mouming , Zhao Kun , Tian Yuchen , Yang Yanqing 
Published: July 2018

SummaryMoringa oleifera leaf (MOL) is an excellent source of high‐quality plant protein. MOL hydrolysate (MOLH) was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol precipitation. The adsorption kinetics of SP‐207 resin for antioxidant peptides from MOLH were studied. The adsorption process for antioxidant peptides on SP‐207 was well described by the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model. The adsorption was a multi‐molecule layer adsorption process, which was exothermic. The peptide fraction with antioxidant activity (MOLP, 40% ethanol elution fraction) possessing high contents of antioxidant and hydrophobic amino acids was obtained by SP‐207 column chromatography. A total of eight dipeptides including PR, L(I)K, L(I)H, L(I)P, L(I)L(I), GE, VL(I) and PF were identified in gastrointestinal digest of MOLP by UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS. The protective effects of MOLP digest and LH on oxidatively damaged erythrocytes by inhibition of MDA formation were comparable to that of GSH, indicating that MOLP could be used as an antioxidative ingredient in functional food.
Prevalence and predictors of medicine saving and future prescription medicine sharing: findings from a New Zealand online survey
Authors: Beyene Kebede , Aspden Trudi , Sheridan Janie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of and factors predicting future prescription medicine sharing behaviours among adults in New Zealand (NZ). The prevalence and predictors of having leftover medicines at home and the relationship between medicine storing and sharing practices were also explored.MethodsAn online, self-administered survey of a convenience sample of NZ adults was conducted. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between explanatory and outcome variables.Key findingsTwo hundred and thirty three participants took part, who were mostly members of patient support groups across NZ. A high prevalence of leftover medicine storing practices (72.4%), future prescription medicine borrowing (72.8%) and lending (68.7%) behaviours was documented. Over half of the participants (57.1%) had never received advice from healthcare providers about the safe disposal of medicines, and 79.7% reported never having received information about risks of medicine sharing from healthcare providers. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, high income, having asthma and having leftover medicines stored at home were found to be positive predictors of future medicine lending or borrowing intentions. Further, high income was a positive predictor of having leftover medicines stored at home. Conversely, those with hypertension would be less likely to lend or borrow medicines.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of leftover medicine storing practices and future medicine sharing intentions among adults in NZ suggests it may be beneficial to provide patient and public education about appropriate use of prescribed medicines and safe medicine disposal procedures. Further research is needed to elicit effective strategies to reduce leftover medicines and unsafe medicine sharing practices.
Students' views on the use of ClassBoost in a teachers' education college
Authors: Levin Orna , Avidov‐Ungar Orit 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThere has been a recent acceleration in the use of lecture capture technologies (LCT) in higher education institutions. The present study focuses on an LCT system, by the name of ClassBoost, which has recently been introduced in some classes in an academic college of education in Israel. The system encourages collaborative learning skills at different levels, and the research focused on the students' attitudes towards the system from a procedural viewpoint at two stages of its assimilation: before the use of the system and during its use. Emphasis is given to the students' collaborative learning patterns and learning practices from their own viewpoints. A unique finding is that students felt that their participation in lessons contributed to the effectiveness of the teaching. The research aims to supplement existing research on the use of LCT systems, this time in teacher education, and to point up practical implications, especially for academic colleges of education.
Association between anthropometric markers and asthma control, quality of life and pulmonary function in adults with asthma
Authors: Forte G. C. , Almeida J. C. , da Silva D. T. R. , Hennemann M. L. , Dalcin P. T. R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe role of abdominal fat and body fat (BF) in the evaluation of nutritional status in asthma has been considered recently. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between different anthropometric markers and asthma control, pulmonary function and quality of life. A secondary objective was to determine the agreement between the anthropometric markers with respect to assessing obesity in adults with asthma.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study enrolled adult asthma patients attending an outpatient asthma clinic in southern Brazil. Patients were evaluated regarding sociodemographic data, lung function, asthma control, nutritional status and health‐related quality of life (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; AQLQ). Nutritional status was classified by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and BF.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of the 198 patients was 56.2 (14.8) years. The prevalence of uncontrolled asthma among subjects who were overweight as diagnosed by their BMI was 64.6% higher than in those who were normal weight. An increase in a measure of BMI (1 kg m−2) decreases approximately 44–59% of symptoms, activity limitations and emotional function domains of the AQLQ, whereas an increase in a measure in WC (1 cm) decreases approximately 24–30% of the same domains. Agreement between BMI and BF was 0.566 and that between BMI and WC was 0.597 by Kendall's Tau‐b test.ConclusionsThe prevalence of uncontrolled asthma is greater in overweight subjects than in normal weight subjects. WC and BMI were negatively associated with symptoms, activity limitations and emotional function domains of the AQLQ. BMI appears to be sufficient to diagnose the nutritional status of subjects with asthma in this population.
Salivary shedding of herpesviruses in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Sarmento Dmitry José de Santana , Caliento Rubens , Souza Amabile Oliveira de , Tozetto‐Mendoza Tânia Regina , Palmieri Michelle , Martins Victor Adriano de Oliveira , Braz‐Silva Paulo Henrique , Gallottini Marina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to describe the salivary shedding of human herpesviruses (HHV) in renal transplant recipients and to observe the oral manifestations in this group.MethodsA prospective case‐control study was conducted with a study group of 20 renal transplant recipients and a control group of 20 non‐transplanted, immunocompetent individuals. Clinical examination evaluated the presence of drug‐induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO), salivary flow, and caries. Stimulated saliva was collected from both groups, with HHV being detected by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe mean age of the study group was 45.90 ± 9.89 years, with 55% (11/20) being female, 60% (12/20) being Caucasian, 65% (13/20) having a deceased donor, and 70% (14/20) having used tacrolimus as the main immunosuppressive drug. Renal transplant recipients had shedding of more herpesviruses compared to the control group, with the exception of HHV‐7. Statistical significance was found for herpes simplex virus‐1 (HSV‐1) (P = 0.017) and cytomegalovirus (P = 0.035). DIGO was observed in seven patients (35%), with 35% (7/20) presenting with decreased salivary flow and four (20%) reporting xerostomia.ConclusionRenal transplant recipients excreted herpesviruses more often than control individuals, especially HSV‐1. Decreased salivary flow and xerostomia were more frequent in patients who used tacrolimus, whereas those who used cyclosporine had more cases of DIGO.
Are serum ferritin and transferrin saturation risk markers for restless legs syndrome in young adults? Longitudinal and cross‐sectional data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study
Authors: Lammers Natasja , Curry‐Hyde Ashton , Smith Anne J. , Eastwood Peter R. , Straker Leon M. , Champion David , McArdle Nigel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRestless legs syndrome has been associated with serum iron deficiency in clinical studies. However, studies investigating this relationship have had inconsistent results and there are no studies in young adults. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between serum measures of iron stores and restless legs syndrome in young adults in the community. Participants in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study answered questions on restless legs syndrome (n = 1,100, 54% female) at age 22 years, and provided serum measures of iron stores (ferritin and transferrin saturation) at ages 17 and 22 years. Restless legs syndrome was diagnosed when four International RLS Study Group criteria were met (urge to move, dysaesthesia, relief by movement, worsening during evening/night) and these symptoms occurred ≥5 times per month. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between serum iron stores and restless legs syndrome, adjusting for potential confounders. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome at age 22 years was 3.0% (n = 33, 70% female). Among those who provided restless legs syndrome and iron data at age 22 years (n = 865), the median (interquartile range) ferritin was not different between the restless legs syndrome (55 [29.5–103.5] µg L−1) and the non‐restless legs syndrome group (65.0 [35.0–103.3] µg L−1, p = 0.2), nor were there differences in iron deficiency prevalence (p = 0.36). There was no association between restless legs syndrome (22 years) and iron stores (17, 22 years) before or after adjustment for potential confounders. There was no association between restless legs syndrome at 22 years and iron stores at 17 or 22 years in this cohort. Serum iron stores may not be a useful indicator of restless legs syndrome risk in young adults in the community.
Seasonality of reproduction in Asian elephantsElephas maximusand African elephantsLoxodonta africana: underlying photoperiodic cueing?
Authors: Hufenus Rahel , Schiffmann Christian , Hatt Jean‐Michel , Müller Dennis W. H. , Lackey Laurie Bingaman , Clauss Marcus , Zerbe Philipp 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAnimals in seasonal environments often rely on photoperiodicity to time their reproduction. Elephants have a gestation length of approximately two years and a historical geographic distribution including higher latitudes than at present, so the evolution of a seasonal breeding pattern cued by photoperiodicity and timed to the long‐day period is a theoretical option in both species.We reviewed literature on reproductive patterns in free‐ranging, semi‐captive and captive Asian and African elephants, photoperiodic cueing, seasonal variation in body condition, and other factors influencing their reproduction, as well as data from zoological collections on the timing of births.Most of the free‐ranging and all the semi‐captive and captive elephant populations showed a moderate yet distinct seasonal breeding pattern.Peak breeding activity of free‐ranging Asian elephants took place in either the dry or the wet season, with no preference for short‐day or long‐day breeding at low latitudes (close to the equator) but a preference for long‐day breeding at higher latitudes. Semi‐captive Asian elephants mainly bred in the dry season when body condition was lowest and day‐lengths were increasing. Peak conception often occurred in the wet season in free‐ranging African elephants when body condition was highest, with no evident preference for short‐day or long‐day breeding at low latitudes but preference for long‐day breeding at higher latitudes.Asian and African elephants in zoos at latitudes from 43 to 53°N tended to conceive more often during spring and summer, i.e. when day‐lengths were increasing. Body condition was not reported to vary significantly throughout the year and was rather high compared to in the wild.We hypothesise that elephants are ‘long‐day breeders’ in which the photoperiodic timing of conception can be influenced by many additional factors. Strategies to encourage natural conception in captive populations should include measures aimed at increasing breeding incentives in the northern hemisphere spring.
Lived experiences of intensive care nurses in caring for critically ill patients
Authors: Limbu Sunita , Kongsuwan Waraporn , Yodchai Kantaporn 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundCaring for critically ill patients requires competent nurses to help save and secure the lives of patients, using technological developments while maintaining humanistic care. Nepal is a developing country with limited advanced technologies and resources. It is important to understand nursing care for critically ill patients under these shortages.AimTo describe the lived experiences of intensive care nurses in caring for critically ill patients in intensive care units.MethodsA hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 13 nurses from three intensive care units, who met the inclusion criteria. Face‐to‐face, in‐depth individual interviews with an audio recorder were used to collect the data. The interview transcriptions were analysed and interpreted using van Manen's approach. Trustworthiness was established following the criteria of Lincoln and Guba.FindingsSeven thematic categories emerged from the experiences of nurses and were reflected within the four life worlds of space, body, relation and time. The categories were: low technology of care and insufficient resources (lived space); physical and psychological distress and requiring competency in caring (lived body); connecting relationship as a family, trusting technology of care, and realizing team working (lived relation); and less time to be with the patient as a whole person (lived time).ConclusionsThis study provides an understanding of the lived experience of nurses caring for critically ill patients, with inadequate support that can affect holistic care of patients and nurses' health.Relevance to clinical practiceIntensive care nurses need to enhance their knowledge and skills related to the use of technologies and patient care by attending training programs and gaining further education. This study recommends that hospital administrators should support sufficient facilities and technologies of care and, in particular, increase the competency of nurses in caring for critically ill patients as the whole person.
Changes in murine anorectum signaling across the life course
Authors: Fidalgo S. , Patel B. A. , Ranson R. N. , Saffrey M. J. , Yeoman M. S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing age is associated with an increase in the incidence of chronic constipation and fecal impaction. The contribution of the natural aging process to these conditions is not fully understood. This study examined the effects of increasing age on the function of the murine anorectum.MethodsThe effects of increasing age on cholinergic, nitrergic, and purinergic signaling pathways in the murine anorectum were examined using classical organ bath assays to examine tissue function and electrochemical sensing to determine age‐related changes in nitric oxide and acetylcholine release.Key ResultsNitrergic relaxation increased between 3 and 6 months, peaked at 12 months and declined in the 18 and 24 months groups. These changes were in part explained by an age‐related decrease in nitric oxide (NO) release. Cholinergic signaling was maintained with age by an increase in acetylcholine (ACh) release and a compensatory decrease in cholinesterase activity. Age‐related changes in purinergic relaxation were qualitatively similar to nitrergic relaxation although the relaxations were much smaller. Increasing age did not alter the response of the anorectum smooth muscle to exogenously applied ACh, ATP, sodium nitroprusside or KCl. Similarly, there was no change in basal tension developed by the anorectum.Conclusions and InferencesThe decrease in nitrergic signaling with increasing age may contribute to the age‐related fecal impaction and constipation previously described in this model by partially obstructing defecation.
Changes in the protein and fat contents of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars released in China in the last 60 years
Authors: Li Yüze , Zhang Renhe , Qin Xiaoliang , Liao Yuncheng , Siddique Kadambot H.M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPeanut is an important oil and cash crop in China. We selected 540 peanut cultivars—released in three ecological regions of China (Yellow River, Yangtze River and Southeast Coast regions)—to examine changes in quality characters and pod yield in the last 60 years. From 1957 to 2016, crude fat, protein and pod yields in peanut cultivars increased significantly in the three regions. In contrast, the crude fat content, as opposed to its yield, did not change in the Yellow River region, increased in the Yangtze River region and decreased in the Southeast Coast region, and the protein content decreased in the Yellow and Yangtze River regions but did not change in the Southeast Coast region. Peanut cultivars grown in the Yellow and Yangtze River regions had higher mean crude fat contents, while those in the Southeast Coast region had higher mean protein contents. In future, breeders and farmers should pay more attention to high protein peanuts in the Southeast Coast region and high oil peanuts in the Yellow River and Yangtze River regions.