bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five-foot ways as public and private domain in Singapore and beyond
Authors: Harding Andrew James 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the concept and spread of the five-foot way (5FW) as an aspect of urban design peculiar to Southeast Asia. It locates the 5FW as an aspect of planning law and property law that has been adapted culturally to provide a unique space for public–private interaction. The paper also explores, in a related context, conflicts over the appropriate use of 5FWs and the issue of regulating such use.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach adopted is to look at the development of the 5FW over the entire colonial period of Singapore, starting in 1819 up to the present day. Comparisons are drawn from other urban settlements over a similar period.

Findings
The paper finds that the 5FW, with its related device of the shophouse, provided a uniquely efficacious space for protection of the public from the elements and for public–private interaction. It finds that regulation of 5FWs should be undertaken with due regard both to public right of way and to the cultural element of making private use of the space.

Originality/value
The originality of the article lies in the fact that the 5FW has not been considered as an artefact of legal culture in addition to being an artefact of urban design.
Ownership at stake (once again): housing, digital contents, animals and robots
Authors: Nasarre-Aznar Sergio 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the questioning around the current suitability of ownership both for accessing to certain property (housing, to be more specific) and chattels (digital contents, animals and autonomous robots) that have recently flourished, favored by technological advances and the change in the values of the millennials’ in a context of crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
The process of substitution (e.g. through alternative housing tenures, such as intermediate tenures and collaborative housing, licensing digital contents) or erosion/elimination (e.g. owning animals and robots, tokenization through blockchain) of ownership through key types of property and chattels.

Findings
Ownership, both of land and goods, is again at the stake. Technological advances and/or new values of millennials in a context of crisis have led to questioning the suitability of ownership to favor universal access to housing, of holding music and other digital contents, have limited the faculties of animals’ and pets’ owners and are favoring the evolution of autonomous robots into subjects of law rather than mere objects.

Research limitations/implications
Only key property (housing) and chattels are studied (digital contents, animals, robots). There is no broad study of the global current situation of ownership.

Practical implications
It is discussed how the changes of values and technological advances in a context of crisis have impacted in the strength and reliability of ownership to allow access to property and chattels.

Social implications
These changes in ownership change how we can access to property (housing) and to chattels (digital media) and even to changes in what is considered “object” such as what is happening in Europe with animals and robots.

Originality/value
This is a new approach to consequences of the crisis in the field of housing (fractioning of ownership -temporal and shared ownership-, collaborative economy) and a change of values in the new millennial generation (animals) in this context and owing to the advance of the new technologies (robots). Is ownership again at the stake?
Team development among physician-leaders at the Cleveland Clinic
Authors: Porter Tracy H. , Stoller James K. , Allen Scott J. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Since 1990, the Cleveland Clinic has trained physicians in team skills through various iterations of a program called Leading in Healthcare (LHC). In the present study, the authors utilize a case study approach to gain insight into the LHC curriculum, and more specifically, the team project. The purpose of this paper is to better understand the Cleveland Clinic’s position on the issue and its approach to education – specifically among physicians.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors utilized a case study approach with four key program architects.

Findings
The results of this exploratory research yielded three themes: There is a lack of formal physician education in teamwork, there is a growing trend of inter-disciplinary teams and the team project was an important component of teambuilding in LHC.

Research limitations/implications
A breakdown in team function adversely impacts patient care. While formal and informal participation in teams is imbedded in the role, physicians are rarely trained in leadership or teambuilding in their formal medical education – much of it is learned on the job in hidden curricula. In addition to the adverse effects of dysfunctional teams on patient care, the authors have explored another area that will be affected by a lack of education – the team experience at the administrative level. As more and more physicians take on leadership roles in healthcare, there is an additional need to build competencies around teams (e.g. team theory, cross-functional team participation and leading teams) from an administrative perspective.

Originality/value
This is one of only a few studies which have specifically examined the impact of a teamwork education for physicians.
A Big Data smart library recommender system for an educational institution
Authors: Simović Aleksandar 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
With the exponential growth of the amount of data, the most sophisticated systems of traditional libraries are not able to fulfill the demands of modern business and user needs. The purpose of this paper is to present the possibility of creating a Big Data smart library as an integral and enhanced part of the educational system that will improve user service and increase motivation in the continuous learning process through content-aware recommendations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents an approach to the design of a Big Data system for collecting, analyzing, processing and visualizing data from different sources to a smart library specifically suitable for application in educational institutions.

Findings
As an integrated recommender system of the educational institution, the practical application of Big Data smart library meets the user needs and assists in finding personalized content from several sources, resulting in economic benefits for the institution and user long-term satisfaction.

Social implications
The need for continuous education alters business processes in libraries with requirements to adopt new technologies, business demands, and interactions with users. To be able to engage in a new era of business in the Big Data environment, librarians need to modernize their infrastructure for data collection, data analysis, and data visualization.

Originality/value
A unique value of this paper is its perspective of the implementation of a Big Data solution for smart libraries as a part of a continuous learning process, with the aim to improve the results of library operations by integrating traditional systems with Big Data technology. The paper presents a Big Data smart library system that has the potential to create new values and data-driven decisions by incorporating multiple sources of differential data.
Professional employees’ strategic employment of the managerial logic in healthcare
Authors: Gadolin Christian 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze how physicians and nurses strategically employ the managerial logic.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative case study incorporating interviews and observations.FindingsNeither physicians nor nurses were prone to strategically employing the managerial logic. However, when doing so nurses were able to acknowledge the legitimacy of managerial impact on practice, whereas the physicians were not. Consequently, physicians might find other, more subtle, ways to strategically employ the managerial logic.Originality/valueThis paper argues for and makes explicit the applicability of qualitative methods in order to delineate actors’ strategic use of available and accessible institutional logics, the conditions for such usage, as well as the multiplicity of actors’ interactions that needs to be taken into account when conducting qualitative data analysis of such occurrences. By the merits of the qualitative research approach utilized in this study, novel insights concerning the strategic use of the managerial logic in the everyday work of physicians and nurses were obtainable. These insights emphasize the necessity of acknowledging situational, organizational and institutional context, incorporating inter-professional power discrepancies and relationsvis-à-vismanagers.
Service provider perspectives on a focused deterrence program
Authors: Schnobrich-Davis Julie , Gardner Desiree 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to gain the perspectives from social service providers that are a key component in focused deterrence programs. All focused deterrence/pulling levers programs have at least two essential elements: first, the message to the target population that reoffending will be met with swift and certain punishment, and second that social service providers are available to assist in their transition to a law-abiding lifestyle.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study approach was used to gather qualitative data with open-ended interviews of social service providers that participated in Operation RASOR, a modified focused deterrence initiative that identified cross-jurisdictional, chronic offenders across three cities in New England.

Findings
The results showed that many providers were unable, and sometimes unwilling, to participate in the strategy due to their lack of awareness of what focused deterrence strategies encompass, participant eligibility restrictions, and lack of funding. These findings may impact the success of focused deterrence programs.

Research limitations/implications
Future research should include a larger sample from programs operating in different cities. The importance of the social services component of focused deterrence strategies and their capability of serving clients within those programs needs further examination for the integrity of these programs to adequately serve the participants.

Originality/value
The perceptions from social service providers on the program elements and ability to provide necessary services to the targeted offenders have never been examined. This study aids in expanding the literature on focused deterrence programs. It can also inform law enforcement agencies on the services that are most needed by the target population and the importance of coordinating their initiatives with service providers.
A system perspective on revenue sharing in the mobile
value chain: an evidence from China mobile video ecosystem
Authors: Choi Kanghwa 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Hyperconnectivity and supercooperation among partners within the mobile value
chain are crucial factors for sustainable growth of the mobile ecosystem.
This study aims to identify the complex structure of hyperconnectivity and
supercooperation underlying revenue sharing practices and the actions and
reactions of Chinese mobile video triads.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the causal loop diagram and system dynamics simulation to
demonstrate the feedback causal structure wherein the revenue sharing (RS)
rule adjustments trigger interactions among participants (e.g., MNOs, SPs
and CPs) in mobile video service triads, leading to fluctuations in the
number of mobile video users and total revenue in the mobile video value
chain.

Findings
Change of RS rules among value chain participants is an incentive for
achieving the sustainability of the mobile ecosystem, as examined using a
system dynamics (SD) simulation. However, from the perspective of a
tri-partite mobile value chain, the “accidental adversary”
system archetype caused by adjustment of RS rules has an unintended negative
impact on counterparts in the mobile ecosystem value chain.

Originality/value
This study analyzes a complex feedback causal structure based on structural
interdependencies among growth, limiting and relaxing loops in the Chinese
mobile video ecosystem. The result of SD simulation suggests strategic
alternatives such as the “growth and underinvestment” systems
archetype to overcome “limits to growth”. Moreover, this study
explores the accidental adversary archetype in complex and complicated
mobile service triads as an impediment to achieving sustainability of the
mobile ecosystem.
Using DNA metabarcoding for simultaneous inference of common vampire bat diet and population structure
Authors: Bohmann Kristine , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Nielsen Martin , Nielsen Luisa dos Santos Bay , Jones Gareth , Streicker Daniel G. , Gilbert M. Thomas P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMetabarcoding diet analysis has become a valuable tool in animal ecology; however, co‐amplified predator sequences are not generally used for anything other than to validate predator identity. Exemplified by the common vampire bat, we demonstrate the use of metabarcoding to infer predator population structure alongside diet assessments. Growing populations of common vampire bats impact human, livestock and wildlife health in Latin America through transmission of pathogens, such as lethal rabies viruses. Techniques to determine large‐scale variation in vampire bat diet and bat population structure would empower locality‐ and species‐specific projections of disease transmission risks. However, previously used methods are not cost‐effective and efficient for large‐scale applications. Using bloodmeal and faecal samples from common vampire bats from coastal, Andean and Amazonian regions of Peru, we showcase metabarcoding as a scalable tool to assess vampire bat population structure and feeding preferences. Dietary metabarcoding was highly effective, detecting vertebrate prey in 93.2% of the samples. Bats predominantly preyed on domestic animals, but fed on tapirs at one Amazonian site. In addition, we identified arthropods in 9.3% of samples, likely reflecting consumption of ectoparasites. Using the same data, we document mitochondrial geographic population structure in the common vampire bat in Peru. Such simultaneous inference of vampire bat diet and population structure can enable new insights into the interplay between vampire bat ecology and disease transmission risks. Importantly, the methodology can be incorporated into metabarcoding diet studies of other animals to couple information on diet and population structure.
Atherosclerosis and autoimmunity: a growing relationship
Authors: Sanjadi Maryam , Rezvanie Sichanie Ziba , Totonchi Hamidreza , Karami Jafar , Rezaei Ramazan , Aslani Saeed 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAtherosclerosis is regarded as one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Nowadays, it seems that atherosclerosis cannot be defined merely through the Framingham traditional risk factors and that autoimmunity settings exert a remarkable role in its mechanobiology. Individuals with autoimmune disorders show enhanced occurrence of cardiovascular complications and subclinical atherosclerosis. The mechanisms underlying the atherosclerosis in disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic sclerosis and Sjögren's syndrome, seem to be the classical risk factors. However, chronic inflammatory processes and abnormal immune function may also be involved in atherosclerosis development. Autoantigens, autoantibodies, infectious agents and pro‐inflammatory mediators exert a role in that process. Being armed with the mechanisms underlying autoimmunity in the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis in rheumatic autoimmune disorders and the shared etiologic pathway may result in substantial developing therapeutics for these patients.
Systemic sclerosis and malignancy
Authors: Sargin Gokhan , Senturk Taskin , Cildag Songul 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) has increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, renal crisis, infections and malignancies. Chemical exposure, smoking and cytotoxic drugs increase the malignancy risk in rheumatic diseases including SSc. We aim to evaluate characteristics, identify risk factors and mortality in SSc patients with malignancies.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐three patients with SSc (24 male, 129 female, with mean age of 56.4 ± 12.9 years) according to 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for SSc were enrolled in this study. Clinical, demographic, laboratory and radiological characteristics of the patients were evaluated by using SPSS 17.0. Chi‐square test was used to compare qualitative data and descriptive statistics are shown as n (%).ResultsSeven cases of cancer (three male, four female, with mean age of 51.2 ± 7.0 years) were identified. The tumor types included lung cancer, gastrointestinal tract cancer (gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric neuroendocrine tumor), myelodysplastic syndrome and malignant melanoma (eye and skin). Five (3.4%) died due to infection, cardiopulmonary involvement and renal crisis. Six of them had a diffuse cutaneous SSc clinical subtype, and the ratio for anti‐Scl‐70 was 71.4%. There was no significant relationship between age, sex, anti‐Scl‐70, pulmonary and cardiac involvement between cancer and non‐cancer patients.ConclusionsThe malignancies may occur before, together or after the diagnosis of SSc. Both of these disorders have increased morbidity and mortality compared with the general population. Rational treatment, monitoring and reducing the risk factors may prevent the development of malignancy. Also, the clinical features, risk factors and prevalence ratios are similar to that reported by large cohorts.
Scaling up effects of measures mitigating pollinator loss from local‐ to landscape‐level population responses
Authors: Kleijn David , Linders Theo E. W. , Stip Anthonie , Biesmeijer Jacobus C. , Wäckers Felix L. , Bukovinszky Tibor 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Declining pollinator populations have caused concern about consequences for food production, and have initiated an increasing number of initiatives that aim to mitigate pollinator loss through enhancement of floral resources. Studies evaluating effects of mitigation measures generally demonstrate positive responses of pollinators to floral resource enhancement. However, it remains unclear whether this represents landscape‐level population effects or results from a spatial redistribution of individuals from otherwise unaffected populations.

Here, we present a method for estimating landscape‐level population effects using data from commonly used standardized pollinator transect surveys. The approach links local density responses of pollinators in both mitigation sites and surrounding landscape elements to the area these habitats occupy in mitigation landscapes as well as control landscapes to obtain landscape‐level population estimates.

We demonstrate the method using data from a 2‐year study examining the effects of experimental wildflower enhancements on wild bumblebees and solitary bees in Dutch agricultural landscapes. The results show that conclusions based on local responses may differ significantly from those based on landscape‐level responses.

Wildflower enhancements significantly enhanced landscape‐level abundance of both bumblebees and solitary bees. Bumblebees showed a pronounced positive local density response in mitigation sites and the surrounding landscape that was in line with significant landscape‐level increases in abundance. However, solitary bees showed no local response to mitigation sites, and the landscape‐level increases in abundance only became apparent when the area of bee habitat was taken into account.

Incorporating the area of both newly created and pre‐existing pollinator habitats into effect estimates accounts for density‐dependent processes such as dilution, spillover and local concentration of individuals. It, therefore, results in more reliable estimates of the response to mitigation measures of pollinators, as well as other mobile arthropod groups that are often being surveyed using transect surveys.
Quantifying camouflage and conspicuousness using visual salience
Authors: Pike Thomas W. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Being able to quantify the conspicuousness of animal and plant colouration is key to understanding its evolutionary and adaptive significance. Camouflaged animals, for example, are under strong selection pressure to minimise their conspicuousness to potential predators. However, successful camouflage is not an intrinsic characteristic of an animal, but rather an interaction between that animal’s phenotype and the visual environment that it is viewed against. Moreover, the efficacy of any given camouflage strategy is determined not by the signaller’s phenotype per se, but by the perceptual and cognitive capabilities of potential predators. Any attempts to quantify camouflage must therefore take both predator perception and the visual background into account.

Here I describe the use of species‐relevant saliency maps, which combine the different visual features that contribute to selective attention (in this case the luminance, colour and orientation contrasts of features in the visual environment) into a single holistic measure of target conspicuousness. These can be tuned to the specific perceptual capabilities of the receiver, and used to derive a quantitative measure of target conspicuousness. Furthermore, I provide experimental evidence that these computed measures of conspicuousness significantly predict the performance of both captive and wild birds when searching for camouflaged artificial prey.

By allowing the quantification of prey conspicuousness, saliency maps provide a useful tool for understanding the evolution of animal signals. However, this is not limited to inconspicuous visual signals, and the same approach could be readily used for quantifying conspicuous visual signals in a wide variety of contexts, including, for example, signals involved in mate choice and warning colouration.