bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling Labour Productivity Rates for Reinforcement Works
Authors: Krawczyńska-Piechna A. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryConstruction planning always requires labour productivity estimation. Often, in the case of monolithic construction works, the available catalogues of productivity rates do not provide a reliable assessment. The paper deals with the problem of labour estimation for reinforcement works. An appropriate model of labour prediction problem is being introduced. It includes, between others, staff experience and reinforcement buildability. In the paper it is proposed, that labour requirements can be estimated with aggregated classifiers. The work is a continuation of earlier studies, in which the possibility of using classifier ensembles to predict productivity in monolithic works was investigated.
Expediente Revista EDaPECI
Authors: Revista EDaPECI Expediente 
Published: October 2019

REVISTA EDaPECI Grupo de Pesquisa Educação a Distância e Práticas Educativas Comunicacionais e Interculturais Universidade Federal de Sergipe em parceria com Universidade Federal de Alagoas CONSELHO DELIBERATIVO Prof. Dra. Maria Neide Sobral – Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) – São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil Prof. Dr. Luís Paulo Leopoldo Mercado – Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) – Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil
Motivasi Menghafal Al-Qur’an pada Anak melalui Komunikasi Interpersonal
Authors: Mardhiyah Annisa Nurul , Imran Ayub Ilfandy 
Published: October 2019

Orang tua mempunyai peran yang penting bagi keberhasilan pendidikan anak, termasuk dalam meningkatkan motivasi anak untuk menghafal Al-Qur’an. Selain itu, proses tahfizh Al-Qur’an harus selaras antara tujuan pendidikan di sekolah dan aktivitas anak di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pola komunikasi interpersonal orang tua dan anak dalam meningkatkan motivasi menghafal Al-Qur’an pada anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada orang tua dan siswa STP MI Khoiru Ummah yang memiliki prestasi di bidang tahfizh. Dengan paradigma konstruktivisme, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anak yang memiliki capaian tahfizh tinggi berasal dari keluarga yang menerapkan pola komunikasi konsensual. Pola komunikasi konsensual adalah pola komunikasi yang memiliki tingkat interaksi dan konformitas tinggi antaranggota keluarga. Dengan diterapkannya pola komunikasi ini, orang tua dapat meningkatkan motivasi menghafal Al-Qur’an pada anak dan anak dapat mencapai target hafalan yang diinginkan.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi interpersonal, keluarga, tahfizh Al-Qur’an ABSTRACTParents have an important role in the success of children’s education, including in increasing the motivation of children to memorize the Qur’an. In addition, the process of tahfizh Al-Qur’an must be in harmony between the goals of education in schools and the activities of children at home. This study aims to determine and analyze the patterns of interpersonal communication of parents and children in increasing motivation to memorize the Qur’an in children. This research was carried out on parents and students of STP MI Khoiru Ummah who had achievements in the field of tahfizh. With the constructivism paradigm, this study uses qualitative-descriptive approach. The results of the study show that children who have high achievement outcomes come from families that apply the consensual communication pattern. The pattern of consensual communication is a communication pattern that has a high level of interaction and conformity between family members. With the implementation of this pattern, parents can increase motivation in children to memorize the Qur’an and children can achieve the desired memorization target.Keywords: Interpersonal communication, family, tahfizh Al-Qur’an
الأدب القدیم دراسة في الدوافع النفسية للهجاء في شعر بشّار بن بُرد
Authors: فتوحي مجید 
Published: October 2019

انگیزه‌های روانی یکی از مباحث نوین در نقد ادبی است که شاعر براساس دلایل متعدّد روانشناختی که ریشه در دوران کودکی و همچنین مراحل بعدی زندگی او دارد؛ اقدام به هجویه سرایی در رفتار با دیگر هم نوعان خود می‌شود. هجو از شاخه‌های ادبیات غنایی بوده و یکی از گونه‌های ادبی به شمار می‌رود؛ و در اصطلاح ادبی عبارت است از بیان کردن اوصاف ناشایست کسی به قصد تحقیر واهانت؛ خواه آن صفات واقعی باشد و خواه ادّعایی. با توجّه به اینکه بشّار بن بُرد (168- 96 هـ. ق) در بصره، نابینا از مادر به دنیاآمده و سراسر حیات خود را در زندان نابینایی سپری کرده و نتوانسته است مانند همسن و سالانش در مکتبخانه‌ها حاضر شود یا با آنها به بازی‌های کودکانه بپردازد و از سوی دیگر اصالت خانوادگی هم نداشته و خانواده او جزو موالی محسوب می‌شده است، چنین مسائلی در روانو شخصیت شاعر و سوق دادن وی به سوی هجویه سرایی تأثیر بسزایی داشته است. این تحقیق با تکیه بر روش توصیفی – تحلیلی، در پی تبیین و تحلیل انگیزه های ر.وحی و روانی سرودن هجویه های بشار بن برد است. بررسی علل هجویات بشار از دید روان شناسی شخصیتی افق جدیدی برای درک انگیزه‌های هجوسرایی او فرا روی خواهد گشود. و از مهمترین نتایج تحقیق می توان به این اشاره کرد که شرایط جامعه و خانوادگی بشار، در او اختلال شخصیتی و اختلال شخصیت ضدّ اجتماعی و نوعی عقدة حقارت به وجود آورده که منجر به سرودن چنین هجویه هایی شده است.
PENGARUH KADAR AIR, DOSIS DAN LAMA PENGENDAPAN KOAGULAN SERBUK BIJI KELOR SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU
Authors: Ayu Ridaniati Bangun  , Siti Aminah  , Rudi Anas Hutahaean  , M. Yusuf Ritonga  
Published: October 2019

Liquid waste industrial of wheys contain very high organic materials. Organic compounds in the effluent are proteins, carbohydrates, fats and oils. Based on the results of field studies on Industry Hall of liquid waste industrial characteristics of whey in Medan, it is known that liquid waste industrial of wheys contain average BOD (4583 mg/l), COD (7050 mg/l), TSS (4743 mg/l ) and oil or fat (26 mg/l ) at pH 6.1. Therefore, the whey waste water must be treated before it is discharged into the environment to reduce the contaminants that accompany the waste. One alternative that can be used as a coagulant is moringa seed powder. This study used of moringa seed powder with a water content of 7 %. Variations of coagulant dosage which are used 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 mg/200 ml liquid waste industrial of whey, coagulant particle size 50 and 70 mesh with the initial pH about 4. The optimum deposition time is obtained 60 minutes with 77.43 % reduction in turbidity, TSS 90.32 %, and 63.26 % COD in 5000 mg/200 ml dosage of coagulant and coagulant particle size of 70 mesh with the final pH about 4, it can be concluded that moringa seeds can be used as an effective coagulant because the reductions were obtained over 50 %.
PENGARUH MASSA RAGI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP BIOETANOL DARI BIJI DURIAN
Authors: Farida Hanum  , Nurhasmawaty Pohan  , Mulia Rambe  , Ratih Primadony  , Mei Ulyana  
Published: October 2019

Bioethanol is the ethanol made from plants that contains starch, sugar, and the others cellulose plants. This study uses durian seeds that contain carbohydrate and sugar as basic material and the purpose is to make bioethanol from durian seeds with the variation of yeast mass added and fermentation time. The variables used were the changes of yeast mass 3%; 6%; and 9%, fermentation pH was 4,5, and fermentation times were 0; 24; 48; 72; and 96 hours. The results of experiment were the bioethanol concentration was 18.9988% at the yeast mass 6% with 48 hour for the fermentation.
KAJIAN AWAL PEMBUATAN FILM PLASTIK (BAHAN PLASTIK PENGEMAS) DARI PATI BATANG UBI KAYU
Authors: Harrison Situmorang  , M. Hendra S. Ginting  
Published: October 2019

Starch plastic films made ​​from cassava stem starch by using glycerol as plasticizer and acetic acid as a catalyst gelatinized at 75 °C for 15 minutes. Starch weight, water volume, glycerol volume, and acetic acid volume were varied. The variation conditions of 3 ml of acetic acid volume (3:10 w/w) and 2 ml of glycerol volume (1:4 w/w) gave the best of tensile strength and elongation at break analysis. While at water volume variation, the tensile strength value is inversely proportional to the elongation at break. In FTIR analysis found that α-1,6 glycosidic (1010 cm-1) spectrum disappears as the effect of acetic acid presence, while the spectrum of α-1,4 glycosidic, COH, C=O, and OH shifted as the plasticization effect.
PENGARUH RASIO MOLAR SUBSTRAT DAN KONSENTRASI KATALIS PADA PEMBUATAN DECYL POLIGLIKOSIDA DARI D-GLUKOSA DAN DEKANOL
Authors: Rap Leanon  , Walad Wirawan  , Zuhrina Masyithah  
Published: October 2019

There are two methods to produce alkyl polyglucoside (APG) which are direct method and indirect method. In this research, APG synthesize with direct method that involves by directly reacting d-glucose with decanol with molar ratio variation of d-glucose:decanol are 1:10; 2:10; 4:10 and 6:10 (mol GL/mol C10) and HCl concentration as catalyst variation are 0,5; 1; 1,5 dan 2 (% based on weight of d-glucose) in 3 hours with temperature reaction is 95 0C. Next process is neutralizing with strong base (NaOH) until pH value is about 8-10 then the aqueous solutions are distillated with vacuum distillation. This research analyze density, yield and wavelength. Decyl polyglycoside synthetic optimum results best density value is 1,05 gr/mL in molar ratio of d-glucose:decanol 2:10 (mol GL/mol C10) and catalyst concentration 0,5%. Best yield in molar ratio of d-glucose:decanol 2:10 (mol GL/mol C10) and catalyst consentration 1,5% (% based on weight of d-glucose) with yield value is 84,09 %. Wavelength analysis of ether and OH linkage with Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy detected ether (COC) linkage at wavenumber 1032,33 cm-1 and OH groups detected at wavenumber 3365,21 cm-1.
PENGARUH SUHU PIROLISIS DAN JUMLAH KATALIS KARBON AKTIF TERHADAP YIELD DAN KUALITAS BAHAN BAKAR CAIR DARI LIMBAH PLASTIK JENIS POLIPROPILENA
Authors: Rio Nazif  , Erlangga Wicaksana  , Halimatuddahliana  
Published: October 2019

The energy usage in Indonesia generally increase by the population growth, the economic growth and technology. Today, national demands of plastic is quite large and it continues to grow by the population growth. Plastics consumption in Indonesia is about 10 kg per capita annualy. One of the methode to reuse the plastic waste is making it to the liquid fuel by pyrolisis process. It is possible to do because the plastic is consist of monomers which will form the polymer. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of process variable (process temperature and active carbon catalyst) for yield and the quality of liquid fuel from polypropylene packaging glass plastic waste. Quality parameters that have been analyzed consist of density, specific gravity / API gravity, kinematic viscosity, heating value, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) characteristic, Gas Chromatography - Mass Spektrofotometer (GC-MS) characteristic, the pyrolisis process was using semi batch stainless steel unstirred reactor. Pyrolysis process was used 500 gram of polypropylene (PP) packaging glass plastic waste. Then carbon active catalyst is added by ratio catalyst : propilene (w/w) were 1 :10; 1,5 : 10 ; 2 : 10 ; 2,5 : 10 ; dan 3 : 10. Temperature variables were 200 °C, 250 °C, 300 °C dan 350 °C and it’s maintained in 2 hours. The last step was condensation, then the quality parameter of liquid product was analysed. From GC-MS analysis, the liquid product of pyrolisis most contains diesel fraction hydrocarbon that is C8 till C21. The pyrolisis temperature which produce the hydrocarbon near the best quality diesel is at 300 °C with ratio active carbon : PP is 10:2, and the analysis to the liquid fuel product claims that the liquid fuel is near to the best quality diesel, which fullfills the standard from commercial diesel.
ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA METILEN BIRU DENGAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KULIT DURIAN MENGGUNAKAN KOH DAN NaOH SEBAGAI AKTIVATOR
Authors: Farida Hanum  , Rikardo Jgst Gultom  , Maradona Simanjuntak  
Published: October 2019

Durian is a kind of tropical fruits which can grow well in Indonesia. Durian is containing 60-75% shell. Durian shell could be a potential alternative to activated carbon because it contains 57.42% carbon. The aim of this research is to know the effect of contact time and stirring speed to activated carbon adsorption capacity from durian shell with KOH and NaOH as activators. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) analysis showed the activation process effects on absorption intensity wavelength region and resulted in formation of C = C aromatic tape, so that the nature of the charcoal becomes more polar compared with the initial condition. Analysis using spectrophotometer UV-Vis to determine absorbance and final concentration of each variation of contact time and stirring speed. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH on stirring speed of 150 rpm and a contact time of 90 minutes is equal to 3.92 mg / g and 3.8 mg / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH during the stirring speed 130 rpm and a contact time of 120 minutes is equal to 1785.263 m2 / g and 1730.332 m2 / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained from this research has met the standards of commercial activated carbon surface area was between 800-1800 m2/ g. Modeling pseudo second order presents a more representative adsorption data, a second order equation is based on the assumption that adsorption step is chemosorption.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TRACE METAL (MOLYBDENUM & SELENIUM) TERHADAP PEMBUATAN BIOGAS DARI SAMPAH ORGANIK DAN KOTORAN SAPI
Authors: Fatimah  , Grace Angelin  
Published: October 2019

Trace metal are essential for the enzyme cofactors in methane formation, but its availability of natural is not enough so that the necessary additional trace metal. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of addition Molybdenum (Mo) and Selenium (Se) as trace metal on the quality and quantity of biogas in anaerobic digesters. The study was carried out by mixing vegetables wastes, aquadest and cow manure that have been in a blender and then have been fermented for 30 days in variety of addition of trace metal Mo 10 mg/L, Se 10 mg/L and a mixture of Mo + Se 10 mg/L in an reactor batch of 4 L capacity. Operation in digesters, pH was maintained in range (6.5 – 8) and at temperature 25 – 30 oC. This research parameters that observed were volume biogas, pH, temperature, TS and VS. The highest of volume cumulative biogasin this experiment 630 ml are formed Mo + Se, with degradation average TS 26.69 % and VS 17.18 %.
EFEKTIFITAS JENIS DESIKAN DAN KECEPATAN UDARA TERHADAP PENYERAPAN UAP AIR DI UDARA
Authors: Rosdanelli Hasibuan  , Ivo Dian Sari Marbun  
Published: October 2019

Dry air is widely used in many fields, but the excessive water vapor in the air will make some problem and should be minimized to get the required dry air. The purpose of this research to observe the effect of air velocity and various of desiccants on the absorption of water vapor in the air on the tray dryer. The process of absorption of water vapor in the air performed with variations of the normal air velocity, 1.2 m/s, 2.3 m/s, and 3.6 m/s or volumetric rate of 0.059 m3/s; 0.113 m3/s; 0.178 m3/s and the type of desiccant of silica gel, alumina, and zeolite. Adsorption of water vapor in the air by desiccant was done by weighing the mass of desiccant before and after being crossed by air every interval of 60 minutes for 3 hours. Humidity measurement are performed on the upstream and downstream of the tray dryer to obtain a decrease in air humidity. The highest moisture adsorption using silica gel was obtained at velocities of 2.3 m/s and 3.6 m/s with adsorption of 0.266 grams water vapor / grams adsorbent and 0.264 grams water vapor / grams adsorbent as well as humidity of final air of 0.0194 kg water vapor/ kg dry air and 0.0198 kg water vapor/ kg dry air . The highest adsorption of water vapor using alumina was obtained at velocities of 2.3 m/s and 3.6 m/s with adsorption of 0.147 grams water vapor / gram adsorbent and 0.140 grams water vapor / gram adsorbent and the final humidity of 0.0207 kg water vapor / kg dry air and 0.0194 kg water vapor / kg dry air and the highest water vapor adsorption using zeolite was obtained at 3.6 m/s with the adsorption capacity of 0.130 grams water vapor / grams adsorbent and the final humidity of 0.0193 kg water vapor / kg dry air. Silica gel was the best desiccant in the process of moisture adsorption in air compared to alumina and zeolite.
EKSTRAKSI KALIUM DARI KULIT BUAH KAPUK (Ceiba petandra)
Authors: Chandra Sitorus  , Lilis Sukeksi  , Andy Junianto Sidabutar  
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the best of combustion time and temperature of ash production from kapok fruit peel ( Ceiba Petandra ) to get the most potassium. The experiment was begun to dry kapok fruit peel for 24 hours at oven with temperature 110 oC and combustion to obtaine the ash from kapok fruit peel. The combustion was done by muffle furnace which time variables were from 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours and burning temperature variables were from, 500 oC, 550 oC,600 oC, 650oC. The potassium that contained in ash have been extracted by distilled water with volume 30 ml for 24 hours. Observed responses were normality, pH, ash content, and potassium oxide content (% K2O). The best result of ash was in 3 hours with temperature 500 oC. The ash was analyzed by using AAS Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, and 35.91 % of potassium oxide (K2O) content was obtained as maximum result.
PENGARUH RASIO RECYCLE TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOGAS MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR TANGKI BERPENGADUK BERBANTUKAN MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI PADA KONDISI TRANSISI (45 oC)
Authors: Bambang Trisakti  , Irvan  , M.Taufan Anantama  , Arbie Saldi Zusri  , Alfian Haikel Lubis  , Sri Eka Cahyani  
Published: October 2019

Anaerobic digestion is one of solution to environmental problems and energy sources for current energy needs. In anaerobic digestion, organic material is degraded by bacteria, which is carried out without oxygen, and converts it to a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide. POME can be degraded anaerobically in anaerobic digester to produce biogas. This study aims to increase the conversion of biogas produced using a 2 liter Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) type digester in the methanogenesis process by recycling the effluent produced through the ultrafiltration membrane in a transition condition (45oC). The process is carried out by varying the recycle ratio, which is 0%, 15% and 25% on HRT 6 days with a condition of pH 7 ± 0.2. The highest average biogas production was achieved at the 25% recycle ratio of 33.15 x 10-5 L / mg VS. day, with the composition of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide each of 79%; 19%; and 0.006%, with degradation of VS and COD of 39.58% and 66.33% respectively. For the composition of the highest CH4 content obtained at a variation of the 15% recycle ratio which is equal to 85% while for the composition of carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide each is 14%; and 0.0076%.
Emma Andievska’s Philosophical Tales and Fables by Hryhorii Skovoroda: Textual Dialogs
Authors: Hryhorchuk Yuliia 
Published: October 2019

The paper compares Hryhorii Skovoroda’s fables and Emma Andiievska’s tales. These works proved to be thematically and stylistically related. They reﬂ ect the dominant literary features of both authors, such as philosophical, didactic, symbolic, and aphoristic accents. The analysis is focused on the collections “Fables of Kharkіv” and “Tales” (30 and 18 texts respectively). The researcher explores the similarity of the works within their plots, ideas, and stylistics. Both fables and fairy tales show dialectical understanding of the antagonism hidden in the visible and invisible facets of the human life and world. Friendship, creativity, and courage of being oneself are common topics for these texts, where they are interpreted in the light of cordocentric philosophy and by means of the allegorical language of symbols. Despite the similarity of motives, the works by Emma Andiievskа keep considerable originality in content. She elaborates the themes of good and evil, faith, hope, and freedom, while Hryhorii Skovoroda is focused on the symbolic understanding of the Bible. The similar features urge to relate the writers’ texts at the stylistic level as well. A dialogue, a parable, a moral conclusion are inherent both in the fables and fairy tales. In addition, the works may be related due to the form of expression, the allegories, the symbolic imagery, and common prototext. The fairy tales by Andiievska, like the fables by Skovoroda, are rooted both in the folklore and the Bible. However, while the fairy tales reveal the prototext mainly through the interpretation of the plots, in the fables it is reﬂected at the lexical level. The compared works also have an extensive system of aphorisms (the folk and the authors’ ones), which reﬂect their main ideas.
Exoplanets: nature and models
Authors: Marov M Ya , Shevchenko I I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Exoplanets represent a broad new class of astronomical objects, which became accessible for observations and studies only just before the end of the last century. Owing to continually improving techniques of ground-based observations, and especially observations from space, for a little bit more than two decades thousands of planetary systems of other stars have been discovered, and this process is escalating. Exoplanets are of paramount interest for astrophysical, astrochemical, and dynamical studies. Exoplanetary studies have opened up new horizons to gain insights into fundamental problems of stellar-planetary cosmogony and, in particular, into the question of the origin and evolution of the Solar System. Discoveries of Earth-like planets, especially those orbiting in stellar habitable zones favorable to giving rise to and sustaining life, open new prospects for progress in astrobiology.
Étude expérimentale de la précipitation des carbonates de calcium en présence de l'ion magnésium
Authors: Cailleau Patrick , Dragone Daniel , Girou André , Humbert Louis , Jacquin Christian , Roques Henri 
Published: October 2019

The precipitation of calcium carbonate is studied as a function of the change of partial pressure of CO₂. The experimental results of the kinetics of CaCO₃ precipitation are reported. The influence of the magnesium ion in a solution initially containing 360 mg l⁻¹ of Ca²⁺ and containing increasing amounts of MgCl₂ • 6H₂O (from 0 to 1 080 mg l⁻¹ Mg²⁺) is reported on :
— the nucleation time,
— the initial growth rate,
— the allotropie variety and the shape of the crystals.
The magnesium ion moves the equilibrium system to the right and the aragonite form is precipitated. As for the crystals of calcite which remain, dosages by atomic absorption and X-rays show a calcite containing more and more magnesium as the concentration of Mg²⁺ in the solution increases.