bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Golden Section and Evolving Systems
Authors: Mamombe Lovemore 
Published: April 2019

We present a body of results that demonstrate that the golden section can be implemented in the design of evolving systems. Albeit we only develop the mathematics, both mathematician and computer expert should find the concept clear. Perhaps of particular interest to the number theorist is the observation that the sequence defined by known as the Teleois number system, crops up in our results. Having shown in previous works how this sequence is closely related to the golden section, this manuscript gives further confirmation and the fact that Teleois numbers penetrate the golden section renders it a proportion of great splendour. Our results can find a wide range of applications from information technology to manufacturing.
Analysis of Congestion of Mobile Network in Offa
Authors: Kadiri K. O. , Lawal Samuel Oluwaseun , Adejuwon Arowoduye Abubakar 
Published: April 2019

The study of congestion of mobile network in Offa is necessary as congestion remains a major challenge to telecommunication service provision both to service providers and the subscribers as well, even in developed country. Offa is a renowned city in Kwara State, Nigeria. Cellular wireless systems such as GSM suffer from congestion resulting in overall system degradation and poor service delivery. Obviously, subscribers are susceptible to quite network providers who fail to meet up with the services required of them. In this research, areas on the GSM network where congestion occurred were analyzed including the various causes of congestion on GSM network. This research work also brought to bear recommendation that necessitate the need for service providers to create a mutual benefit between the service providers and subscribers.
The tool used for data collection was a Five Point Likert attitude scale questionnaire. The Data collected for this study were analyzed using frequency counts, simple percentage (%) and mean score (x).
Mortality in Women of Reproductive Age: A Comparative Study Between Two Periods / Mortalidade de Mulheres em Idade Reprodutiva: Estudo Comparativo Entre dois Períodos
Authors: Pitilin Érica de Brito , Sbardelotto Taize 
Published: April 2019

OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores sociodemográficos associados com a mortalidade de mulheres em idade fértil do Paraná nos períodos de 1996 e 2014. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico transversal descritivo com dados coletados por meio do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e processados pelo teste de associação qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Houve uma redução na prevalência de óbitos das mulheres em idade fértil nos períodos, de 17% para 13,2%, respectivamente. As principais causas de morte para ambos os períodos ocorreram por causas evitáveis sendo as principais causas básicas as causas externas, neoplasias, doenças cardíacas e do aparelho circulatório. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados contribuíram para mostrar que as mortes de MIF são evitáveis a partir da introdução de medidas sociais e de diagnóstico e tratamento precoce. O padrão de mortalidade do estado é semelhante ao do país apontando necessidade de implementar ações nas três esferas de governo voltadas para a saúde da população feminina.
Radiotherapy Experiences from the Perspective of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Integrative Literature Review / Experiência Da Radioterapia Na Perspectiva Do Paciente Com Câncer De Cabeça E Pescoço: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Macedo Dhiancarlo Rocha , Neris Rhyquelle Rhibna , Dos Anjos Anna Claúdia Yokoyama 
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Sintetizar o conhecimento de estudos primários que investigaram a experiência da radioterapia, na perspectiva do paciente com câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados: Amostra final composta por 13 estudos publicados entre 1998 a 2015. Pela análise temática dos estudos foram identificados quatro temas maiores: “repercussões físicas da radioterapia”, “repercussões psicológicas e emocionais da radioterapia”, “falta de informação sobre o tratamento e a postura do profissional de saúde perante os efeitos adversos do tratamento” e “redes de apoio”. Conclusão: Os estudos evidenciaram que o tratamento radioterápico trouxe repercussões negativas importantes na vida dos pacientes frente às reações e rearranjos na vida e nos papéis desempenhados dentro da família, decorrentes do tratamento. Verificou-se também uma lacuna importante de conhecimento sobre a temática, demostrando a necessidade de novos estudos, com abordagem qualitativa, para melhor compreensão desta experiência, refletindo em aprimoramento da assistência.
Information sharing in building technology in Bangladesh: Focusing on formal and informal relationships
Authors: Sasaki Rumiko , Seike Tsuyoshi , Kim Yongsun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper aims to clarify the reality related to technology acquisition by private engineers, and the relationship between public engineers, private engineers, and technical academicians to disseminate technology in Bangladesh. The country is in such a condition where even the central government does not grasp any statistical data of building industry. Bangladeshi engineers had to acquire the technical information in reality through the informal sharing such as alumni relations or individual relations. Mainly informal relationship is functioning between the public sector and academic institutions, in contrast, is sparse between the public and private sector. This paper represents unlikely to developed countries; informal sharing is also contributing a lot in developing countries. However, informal knowledge sharing is difficult to control the incentives and deliberate or spontaneous reconfiguration to false information is unacceptable due to importance and delicacy of building structural performance. In conclusion, this paper proposes to leverage existing informal relationship among engineers society of recipient countries for initial awareness of information dissemination.
A daily diary investigation of self‐reported alcohol‐related direct and indirect aggression
Authors: Sheehan Brynn E. , Lau‐Barraco Cathy 
Published: April 2019

AbstractResearch supports the relationship between alcohol use and direct aggression, however, scant research has examined the association between alcohol use and indirectly aggressive behavior. Further, extant research has relied on retrospective reporting of behaviors, which may be subject to recall bias. The daily diary methodology enables the assessment of both the between‐ and within‐subject variation, as well as reduces the likelihood of biased reporting. Consequently, the current study utilized a daily diary design to examine (a) associations between daily alcohol use and alcohol‐related aggressive behaviors (i.e., direct and indirect); and (b) the co‐occurrence of alcohol‐related direct and indirect aggression. Participants were 105 (80% female) college student drinkers. Students completed baseline questionnaires and up to 14 consecutive, daily surveys regarding their previous day alcohol use, alcohol‐related direct aggression, and alcohol‐related indirect aggression. Findings revealed that alcohol use was associated with same day alcohol‐related direct and indirect aggression, after controlling for baseline alcohol use. Self‐reported alcohol‐related direct aggression was more likely to occur on days in which self‐reported alcohol‐related indirect aggression occurred, after controlling for dispositional aggression, trait self‐control, and baseline alcohol use. Results of the study suggest that, similar to alcohol‐related direct aggression, alcohol use is associated with an increased likelihood of alcohol‐related indirect aggression. Further, the co‐occurrence of alcohol‐related indirect and direct aggression supports that individuals may be engaging in multiple types of aggressive behaviors. Findings extend previous cross‐sectional and qualitative research suggesting that indirect aggression may co‐occur, perhaps increasing in severity.
Analog Circuit Applications Based on All‐2D Ambipolar ReSe2 Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Lee Ko‐Chun , Yang Shih‐Hsien , Sung Yung‐Shang , Chang Yuan‐Ming , Lin Che‐Yi , Yang Feng‐Shou , Li Mengjiao , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ho Ching‐Hwa , Lien Chen‐Hsin , Lin Yen‐Fu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractComplementary circuits based on 2D materials show great promise for next‐generation electronics. An ambipolar all‐2D ReSe2 field‐effect transistor (FET) with a hexagonal boron nitride gate dielectric is fabricated and its electronic characteristics are comprehensively studied by temperature dependence and noise measurements. Ambipolar transfer characteristics are achieved owing to the tunable Fermi level of the graphene contact and negligible and 30 meV Schottky barrier heights for the n‐ and p‐channel regimes, respectively. An inverter is also fabricated to demonstrate ambipolar ReSe2 FET operation in a logic circuit. Furthermore, a p/n switchable unipolar FET is designed and shows potential for building complimentary circuits from a signal device. This work demonstrates the potential of all‐2D ReSe2 FETs and makes available new approaches for designing next‐generation devices.
An Electrically Renewable Air Filter with Integrated 3D Nanowire Networks
Authors: Yang Kai , Yu Zhihao , Yu Changcheng , Chen Haibiao , Pan Feng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractParticulate matter (PM) is a major pollutant in air and filtration at the source and on‐site is an effective approach to remedy PM pollution. Filters integrated with nanowires are advantageous for their high PM removal efficiency and low resistance to airflow. In this work, carbon nanowires are directly grown as 3D networks on a 304 stainless steel mesh to form a robust air filter. The growth of the carbon nanowires is initiated by exposing the stainless steel substrate to the vapor generated from the thermal decomposition of a silicone. The stainless steel is attacked by the carbon supersaturated vapor and releases metal nanoparticles, which catalyze the growth of carbon nanowires. The air filter with integrated 3D nanowire networks achieves a high PM removal efficiency with a low pressure drop. Moreover, the filter is heat resistant and can be renewed by electrical resistive heating to burn off the captured PM. After electrical renewal treatment, the filter recovers the low pressure drop while still maintaining a high PM removal efficiency. This air filter is promising for applications requiring on‐site renewal and will be useful for treating high temperature emissions.
Supramolecular Engineering for Formamidinium‐Based Layered 2D Perovskite Solar Cells: Structural Complexity and Dynamics Revealed by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Milić Jovana V. , Im Jeong‐Hyeok , Kubicki Dominik J. , Ummadisingu Amita , Seo Ji‐Youn , Li Yang , Ruiz‐Preciado Marco A. , Dar M. Ibrahim , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Emsley Lyndon , Grätzel Michael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPerovskite solar cells are one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies, although their molecular level design and stability toward environmental factors remain a challenge. Layered 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite phases feature an organic spacer bilayer that enhances their environmental stability. Here, the concept of supramolecular engineering of 2D perovskite materials is demonstrated in the case of formamidinium (FA) containing A2FAn−1PbnI3n+1 formulations by employing (adamantan‐1‐yl)methanammonium (A) spacers exhibiting propensity for strong Van der Waals interactions complemented by structural adaptability. The molecular design translates into desirable structural features and phases with different compositions and dimensionalities, identified uniquely at the atomic level by solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. For A2FA2Pb3I10, efficiencies exceeding 7% in mesoscopic device architectures without any additional treatment or use of antisolvents for ambient temperature film deposition are achieved. This performance improvement over the state‐of‐the‐art FA‐based 2D perovskites is accompanied by high operational stability under humid ambient conditions, which illustrates the utility of the approach in perovskite solar cells and sets the basis for advanced supramolecular design in the future.
Methylxanthine use for acute asthma in the emergency department in Japan: a multicenter observational study
Authors: Morikawa Miki , Hagiwara Yusuke , Gibo Koichiro , Goto Tadahiro , Watase Hiroko , Hasegawa Kohei ,   the JEAN‐3 Investigators
Published: April 2019

AimMethylxanthines are no longer recommended for emergency department (ED) patients with acute asthma according to international guidelines. We aimed to describe the current methylxanthine use for acute asthma and to determine factors related to its use in the ED.MethodsWe undertook a multicenter retrospective study in 23 EDs across Japan. From each participating hospital, we randomly identified 60 ED patients aged 18–54 years with acute asthma from 2009 through 2011. We examined the associations of ED and patient characteristics with methylxanthine use by constructing a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for a predefined set of ED‐ and patient‐level factors.ResultsAmong 1,380 patients, methylxanthines were used for 79 patients (5.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6–7.0%). The proportion of methylxanthine treatment varied substantially among EDs, ranging from 0% to 26.1%. In the multivariable analysis, the number of annual ED patients with acute asthma (odds ratio [OR] per 100 increase in annual asthma patients, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.04–0.34; P < 0.001) and having a protocol for asthma treatment (OR 2.91; 95% CI, 1.06–8.00; P = 0.04) at the ED level, and systemic corticosteroid use (OR 6.39; 95% CI, 3.34–12.22; P < 0.001) at the patient level were associated with likelihood of methylxanthine use.ConclusionsIn this multicenter study, approximately 6% of ED patients with acute asthma were treated with methylxanthines, with a wide variation across EDs. The number of annual ED patients with acute asthma was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of methylxanthine use, whereas having an ED asthma treatment protocol and systemic corticosteroid use in the ED were associated with a higher likelihood of methylxanthine treatment.
Activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase is the primary trigger of epileptic seizures in rodent models
Authors: Malkov Anton , Ivanov Anton I. , Latyshkova Alexandra , Bregestovski Piotr , Zilberter Misha , Zilberter Yuri 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveDespite decades of epilepsy research, 30% of focal epilepsies remain resistant to antiseizure drugs, with effective drug development impeded by lack of understanding on how seizures are initiated. Here, we report the mechanism of seizure onset relevant to most seizures that are characteristic of focal epilepsies.MethodsElectric and metabolic network parameters were measured using several seizure models in mouse hippocampal slices and acutely induced seizures in rats in vivo to determine metabolic events occurring at seizure onset.ResultsWe show that seizure onset is associated with a rapid release of H2O2 resulting from N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor‐mediated activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX). NOX blockade prevented the fast H2O2 release as well as the direct current shift and seizurelike event induction in slices. Similarly, intracerebroventricular injection of NOX antagonists prevented acutely induced seizures in rats.InterpretationOur results show that seizures are initiated by NMDA receptor‐mediated NOX‐induced oxidative stress and can be arrested by NOX inhibition. We introduce a novel use for blood–brain barrier‐permeable NOX inhibitor with a significant potential to become the first seizure‐specific medication. Thus, targeting NOX may provide a breakthrough treatment for focal epilepsies. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:907–920.
Deep brain stimulation: Connectivity profile for bradykinesia alleviation
Authors: Strotzer Quirin D. , Anthofer Judith M. , Faltermeier Rupert , Brawanski Alexander T. , Torka Elisabeth , Waldthaler Josefine A. , Kohl Zacharias , Fellner Claudia , Beer Anton L. , Schlaier Juergen R. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveSubthalamic deep brain stimulation may alleviate bradykinesia in Parkinson patients. Research suggests that this stimulation effect may be mediated by brain networks like the corticocerebellar loop. This study investigated the connectivity between stimulation sites and cortical and subcortical structures to identify connections for effective stimulation.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 21 patients with Parkinson disease with bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation. Stimulation effectiveness in reducing bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity was evaluated for each electrode contact in brain hemispheres contralateral to the affected hemibody. Dysarthric side effects were also examined. Probabilistic tractography based on diffusion‐weighted imaging was performed in individual patient‐specific brains using electrode contacts as seeds. Connectivity profiles of contacts with effective and noneffective stimulation were compared.ResultsConnectivity profiles of effective and noneffective contacts differed. Moreover, the connectivity profile for bradykinesia differed from that for rigidity, tremor, or dysarthria. Regarding bradykinesia, effective contacts were significantly more often connected with the ipsilateral superior cerebellar peduncle and the ipsilateral dentate nucleus, which correspond to the ipsilateral portion of the cerebellothalamocortical pathway. Rigidity was mitigated by stimulation of ascending brainstem and intralaminar thalamic connections. Tremor alleviation was related to connections with the internal capsule (anterior limb) and the pallidum. Dysarthric side effects were associated with connections to the supplementary motor area and the decussating cerebellothalamocortical pathway.InterpretationWhereas bradykinesia seems to be mitigated by stimulation of the ascending, ipsilateral cerebellothalamocortical pathway, stimulation of the descending corticopontocerebellar pathway may be ineffective. Rigidity, tremor, and dysarthric side effects seem to be influenced by different neural networks. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:852–864.
The Negativity‐to‐Violation Map between Wigner Function and Quantum Contextuality Inequality for a Single Qudit
Authors: Huang Ming‐Da , Yu Ya‐Fei , Zhang Zhi‐Ming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe relation between discrete Wigner function and quantum contextuality based on graph theory has been studied, following the work in [Nature 510,351(2014)]. To do this, non‐stabilizer projectors have been introduced to a series of non‐contextuality graphs based on stabilizer projectors for a single qudit with odd prime dimension. It has been found that, for a phase space point defined by Wootters, there exists a given set of states for an odd‐prime qudit where the negative discrete Wigner function on the phase space point means its quantum contextuality under measurements on the graphs designed by a specific method. To implement this method, a subset of non‐stabilizer projectors has been found. In the union of the set of states for all phase space points, there exists a negativity‐to‐violation map between Wigner function and quantum contextuality inequality. The robustness of the equivalence under depolarizing noise has been analyzed and discussed. For demonstration purposes, the graphs with different independence numbers and the corresponding set of states have been established on a single qutrit. Different to the cited work, this method involves only a single qudit, then is experimentally feasible for a qutrit.
β‐Ketoesters as Mono‐ or Bisnucleophiles: A Concise Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Englerin A and B
Authors: Guo Lei , Plietker Bernd 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA short enantioselective total synthesis of englerin A, a guaiane sesquiterpene with significant in vitro antitumor activity, is reported. Key features of this total synthesis are an organocatalytic asymmetric decarboxylative aldol reaction, a neighboring‐group‐participating [4+3] cycloaddition, a novel one‐pot Heck coupling/regioselective 1,4‐hydrosilylation/Tamao–Fleming oxidation cascade, and a kinetic CBS reduction, generating the optically pure natural product in 6.7 % overall yield over twelve steps starting from methylglyoxal. Selective saponification of the more reactive glycolic ester moiety of englerin A also gave (−)‐englerin B.
A Tale of Two Trimers from Two Different Worlds: A COF‐Inspired Synthetic Strategy for Pore‐Space Partitioning of MOFs
Authors: Wang Yanxiang , Zhao Xiang , Yang Huajun , Bu Xianhui , Wang Yong , Jia Xiaoxia , Li Jinping , Feng Pingyun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe introduction of a symmetry‐ and size‐matching pore‐partitioning agent in the form of either a molecular ligand, such as 2,4,6‐tri(4‐pyridinyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (tpt), or a metal‐complex cluster, into the hexagonal channels of MIL‐88/MOF‐235‐type (the acs net) to create pacs‐type (partitioned acs) crystalline porous materials is an effective strategy to develop high‐performance gas adsorbents. We have developed an integrated COF–MOF coassembly strategy as a new method for pore‐space partitioning through the coassembly of [(M3(OH)1−x(O)x(COO)6] MOF‐type and [B3O3(py)3] COF‐type trimers. With this strategy, the coordination‐driven assembly of the acs framework occurred concurrently and synergistically with the COF‐1‐type condensation of pyridine‐4‐boronic acid into a C3‐symmetric trimeric boroxine molecule. The resulting boroxine‐based pacs materials exhibited dramatically enhanced gas‐sorption properties as compared to nonpartitioned acs‐type materials and are among the most efficient NH3‐sorption materials.
Rational Design of Polymers for Selective CO2 Reduction Catalysis
Authors: Leung Jane J. , Vigil Julian A. , Warnan Julien , Edwardes Moore Esther , Reisner Erwin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA series of copolymers comprising a terpyridine ligand and various functional groups were synthesized toward integrating a Co‐based molecular CO2 reduction catalyst. Using porous metal oxide electrodes designed to host macromolecules, the Co‐coordinated polymers were readily immobilized via phosphonate anchoring groups. Within the polymeric matrix, the outer coordination sphere of the Co terpyridine catalyst was engineered using hydrophobic functional moieties to improve CO2 reduction selectivity in the presence of water. Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction were demonstrated with the polymer‐immobilized hybrid cathodes, with a CO:H2 product ratio of up to 6:1 compared to 2:1 for a corresponding “monomeric” Co terpyridine catalyst. This versatile platform of polymer design demonstrates promise in controlling the outer‐sphere environment of synthetic molecular catalysts, analogous to CO2 reductases.
Biredox Eutectic Electrolytes Derived from Organic Redox‐Active Molecules: High‐Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Zhang Changkun , Qian Yumin , Ding Yu , Zhang Leyuan , Guo Xuelin , Zhao Yu , Yu Guihua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOne promising candidate for high‐energy storage systems is the nonaqueous redox flow battery (NARFB). However, their application is limited by low solubility of redox‐active materials and poor performance at high current density. Reported here is a new strategy, a biredox eutectic, as the sole electrolyte for NARFB to achieve a significantly higher concentration of redox‐active materials and enhance the cell performance. Without other auxiliary solvents, the biredox eutectic electrolyte is formed directly by the molecular interactions between two different redox‐active molecules. Such a unique electrolyte possesses high concentration with low viscosity (3.5 m, for N‐butylphthalimide and 1,1‐dimethylferrocene system) and a relatively high working voltage of 1.8 V, enabling high capacity and energy density of NARFB. The resulting high‐performance NARFB demonstrates that the biredox eutectic based strategy is potentially promising for low‐cost and high‐energy storage systems.