bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handheld Dynamometer for Hamstring Strength Test Using Two Different Hand Placements/Methods: An Interrater Reliability Study
Authors: Koc Thomas A. , Tucker Jenna , Gentile Jennifer , Enriquez Carla , Lee John , Jeanty Seide , Krasowski Natalia 
Published: December 2024

Background: Handheld dynamometers provide an accurate measurement of muscle strength and have been shown to have good interrater reliability. The proximal stabilization and fulcrum are two methods of manual muscle testing; however, there is uncertainty about which method may be better for obtaining muscle strength measures.Objective: The purposes were to determine if there was a difference in hamstring strength and to determine the interrater reliability of DPT students using a handheld dynamometer when comparing the proximal stabilization and the fulcrum methods.Methods: A descriptive‐comparative research study that examined two methods of manual muscle testing with the use of a Microfet 2 MMT‐Wireless digital handheld dynamometer. In prone, each participant was instructed to bend their knee to 90° of knee flexion, where the handheld dynamometer was placed on the lower leg for 5 s. Each technique was performed three times, and an average of the series was calculated.Results: Twenty‐nine participants volunteered for this study. The mean scores for Raters 1 and 2 between hamstring testing using the proximal stabilization and fulcrum methods were, respectively, t(28) = −2.041, p = 0.051, and t(28) = −1.990, p = 0.056. The interrater reliability showed good reliability between Rater 1 and Rater 2 for hamstring testing for the proximal stabilization method and fulcrum methods, respectively, ICC = 0.742 (95% CI: 0.452, 0.879), p ≤ 0.001, and ICC = 0.752 (95% CI: 0.472, 0.884), p ≤ 0.001.Conclusion: There are no statistically significant differences between the uses of these two methods in healthy adults; however, there is good interrater reliability of DPT students.
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor 1 Gain-of-Function Increases the Risk for Cardiac Arrhythmias in Mice and Humans
Authors: Sun Bo , Ni Mingke , Li Yanhui , Song Zhenpeng , Wang Hui , Zhu Hai-Lei , Wei Jinhong , Belke Darrell , Cai Shitian , Guo Wenting , Yao Jinjing , Tian Shanshan , Estillore John Paul , Wang Ruiwu , Sondergaard Mads Toft , Brohus Malene , Rohde Palle Duun , Mu Yongxin , Vallmitjana Alexander , Benitez Raul , Hove-Madsen Leif , Overgaard Michael Toft , Fishman Glenn I. , Chen Ju , Sanatani Shubhayan , Wilde Arthur A.M. , Fill Michael , Ramos-Franco Josefina , Nyegaard Mette , Chen S.R. Wayne 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Ca
2+
mishandling in cardiac Purkinje cells is a well-known cause of cardiac arrhythmias. The Purkinje cell resident inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (ITPR1) is believed to play an important role in Ca
2+
handling, and ITPR1 gain-of-function (GOF) has been implicated in cardiac arrhythmias. However, nearly all known disease-associated ITPR1 variants are loss-of-function and are primarily linked to neurological disorders. Whether ITPR1 GOF has pathological consequences, such as cardiac arrhythmias, is unclear. This study aimed to identify human ITPR1 GOF variants and determine the impact of ITPR1 GOF on Ca
2+
handling and arrhythmia susceptibility.

METHODS:
There are a large number of rare ITPR1 missense variants reported in open data repositories. Based on their locations in the ITPR1 channel structure, we selected and characterized 33 human ITPR1 missense variants from open databases and identified 21 human ITPR1 GOF variants. We generated a mouse model carrying a human ITPR1 GOF variant, ITPR1-W1457G (W1447G in mice).

RESULTS:

We showed that the ITPR1-W1447G
±
and recently reported ITPR1-D2594K
±
GOF mutant mice were susceptible to stress-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Confocal Ca
2+
and voltage imaging in situ in heart slices and Ca
2+
imaging and patch-clamp recordings of isolated Purkinje cells showed that ITPR1-W1447G
±
and ITPR1-D2594K
±
variants increased the occurrence of stress-induced spontaneous Ca
2+
release, delayed afterdepolarization, and triggered activity in Purkinje cells. To assess the potential role of ITPR1 variants in arrhythmia susceptibility in humans, we looked up a gene-based association study in the UK Biobank data set and identified 7 rare ITPR1 missense variants showing potential association with cardiac arrhythmias. Remarkably, in vitro functional characterization revealed that all these 7 ITPR1 variants resulted in GOF.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our studies in mice and humans reveal that enhanced function of ITPR1, a well-known movement disorder gene, increases the risk for cardiac arrhythmias.
Relevance of Accrual Accounting for Indian Railways
Authors: Jain Manjusha 
Published: December 2024

Recognising the need for transparency and accountability to build stake-holders’ confidence, public service organisations worldwide have been undergoing administrative and accounting reforms, the latter leading to a shift to accrual accounting system. Financial reports produced through accrual accounting are valuable inputs for strategic business decisions for organisations while providing credibility and transparency to the accounts for external stakeholders. Subsequent to the implementation of accrual accounting in the Indian Railways (IRs), for the first time ever in a Ministry of the Government of India, financial statements were prepared in universally acceptable commercial format to reflect its true and complete financial health and will further facilitate the introduction of the crucial performance costing system in IR. A paradigm shift in its account-keeping in conformity to international standards and incisive costing is expected to secure better business standards and financial returns for the mammoth commercial organisation.
Trends of Brain Stimulation Research in Substance Use Disorder: A Review of ClinicalTrials.gov Registered Trials and Their Publications
Authors: Biswas Tathagata , Singh Gaurav Kumar , Mishra Pritiman , Mishra Biswa Ranjan , Parmar Arpit 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the Review: Brain stimulation techniques targeting neuronal pathways are evolving as a novel therapeutic option for substance use disorders. This study aims to provide an overview of the current research landscape on brain stimulation in addiction psychiatry by analyzing data from ClinicalTrials.gov. It intends to describe the global trends in these trials, highlight the findings reported in their publications, and identify the gaps and challenges to guide future research and clinical practice. Collection and Analysis of Data: The ClinicalTrials.gov was searched on March 1, 2024, using every possible paired combination of different brain stimulation techniques (including transcranial magnetic stimulation/TMS, transcranial direct-current stimulation/tDCS, deep brain stimulation/DBS, and vagal nerve stimulation/VNS) and psychoactive substances. A total of 163 human trials were identified, and their details were extracted into a datasheet. Completed and terminated studies were searched separately for publication data. The extracted data were then analyzed using suitable descriptive statistics. Conclusion: Most research involved TMS, tDCS, and DBS and focused on alcohol, stimulants, opioids, nicotine, and cannabis. No studies addressed sedatives, hypnotics, hallucinogens, psychedelics, and solvents. Wide variations in modulation protocols and neuroanatomical targets reflect the current lack of guidelines or consensus. Incompleteness and updating delays in the study registry raise concerns regarding registration protocols. The published trials report beneficial effects of TMS in nicotine, stimulant, and cannabis users, TMS in alcohol users, and VNS in opioid users.
Combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice in bread: Delayed effect on metabolic disorders during long-term unbalanced diet in an in vivo experiment
Authors: Zharkova Irina M , Grebenshchikov Andrey V , Efremov Dmitriy P , Maksimov Sergey A , Eliashevich Sofya O , Orekhova Anastasia V , Kiselev Anton R 
Published: December 2024

Objective The objective of study was to evaluate the biological effects occurring in the animal body in conditions of a regular consumption of bread with a combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice in its composition. Methods The animals (Soviet Chinchilla breed) were randomly distributed between six groups. Group 1 is intact animals. The food of Group 2 (control) included traditional bread. Animals of experimental groups were fed as follows: bread, in which 75% of water were replaced with clarified tomato juice (Group 3); bread with the addition of 20% of flaxseed, soaked beforehand in clarified tomato juice (Group 4); bread similar to Group 4, but juice with dissolved flaxseed hydrocolloids was used during dough kneading (Group 5); bread similar to Group 4, but instead of juice, drinking water was used (Group 6). We studied blood biochemistry. After 6 months, we took liver samples and identified the ratio of muscle, fat, bone, and connective tissues. Results We established that the introduction of clarified tomato juice into the bread recipe yielded a decrease in cholesterol and creatinine levels ( p = .029 and p = .031, respectively), while the addition of flaxseed soaked in water can promote the activation of protective effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via reducing the levels of bilirubin ( p = .040) and transaminases ( p = .013) in the blood of experimental animals. Conclusion The introduction of a combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice into the bread recipe in conjunction with its daily consumption contributed to the manifestation of protective effects for the liver of rabbits.
Development and validation of a broadly applicable instrument to measure patients’ health promotion and empowerment process in chronic disease
Authors: Heggdal Kristin , Thompson Kisha , Stepanian Natalie , de Jacq Krystyna , Frederickson Keville 
Published: December 2024

Objectives This study aimed to develop and validate a generic, non-disease-specific, self-assessment measure that recognizes patients’ health capacities and their empowering process of health promotion in chronic illness by using Bodyknowledging as the theoretical frame. Methods Item generation and expert content validity analysis were the first steps in instrument development. Potential items were then validated in focus group interviews with six patients diagnosed with various chronic diseases. The research team reviewed the resulting items and undertook item reduction. A sample of adults (n = 357) with chronic disease surveyed the instrument items. Exploratory factor analysis with Oblimin rotation was conducted. Results A 3-factor solution was identified: nine items on the regaining health and wellness subscale, seven items on the uncertainty and bereavement subscale, and eight items on the loss of control and distancing subscale. Cronbach alpha for the scale was .92. The final 24-item instrument is non-disease-specific and broadly applicable for use in health promotion within the context of chronic disease. The instrument demonstrates high internal consistency reliability with initial face and construct validity. Discussion The new instrument has the potential for measuring patients’ empowering process of health promotion in chronic disease and the outcomes of person-centered interventions and may guide clinicians in tailoring individual support.
Optimizing Reduction Guide Stability in Osteotomy Using Patient-Specific Instrumentation: A Basic Guideline
Authors: Meisterhans Michel , Zindel Christoph , Sigrist Bastian , Fucentese Sandro F. , Vlachopoulos Lazaros 
Published: December 2024

Background: The use of patient-specific instruments (PSIs) for osteotomies is becoming more popular in orthopaedic surgery for correcting mechanical axis and posttraumatic deformities. However, the PSI reduction guides have great potential for intraoperative deformation, which adversely affects the accuracy of the procedure. Purpose: To conduct a finite element analysis (FEA) to analyze different design parameters to improve the intraoperative stability of the reduction guides. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A reduction guide with a rectangular cross section and four 4-mm K-wire slots was simplified, and the following parameters were modified: width, height, profile design, K-wire thickness, and positions. Bending and torsional moments were applied to the guide construct and guide deformation and equivalent stress were determined using FEA. Results: Increasing the profile height by 25% resulted in a 44% reduction in guide deformation for bending (37% for torsion). A 25% increase in profile width led to an 18% deformation reduction for bending (22% for torsion). Transverse K-wire slots resulted in 51% less deformation in torsion compared with longitudinally oriented slots. Placing the central K-wire slots 25% closer to the osteotomy reduced guide deformation by 20% for bending and 11% for torsion. Conclusion: The most effective methods to increase reduction guide stability are to increase the guide height and reduce the central K-wire distance to the osteotomy. Clinical Relevance: When performing opening or closing wedge osteotomies, which mainly involve bending of the guide, a high-profile guide and longitudinally oriented K-wire slots should be used. When torque is expected as in rotational osteotomies, the K-wire holes in guides should be oriented transversely to reduce intraoperative deformation.
The use of specific coordination behaviours to manage information processing and task distribution in real and simulated trauma teamwork: an observational study
Authors: Fornander Liselott , Garrido Granhagen Maria , Molin Ida , Laukkanen Kati , Björnström Karlsson Karin , Berggren Peter , Nilsson Lena 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTrauma teams handle severely injured patients under high temporal demands and need to coordinate and achieve collaborative decision-making and task execution through communication. Specific coordination and communication behaviours are taught in simulation training to enhance team performance. An examination of the role and nature of communication could increase the understanding of educational possibilities and assess the validity of in situ simulation on behalf of communication. Our study aim was to describe the relative use of communication within information and task management, the use of coordinating behaviours, and the use of talking to the room and closed-loop communication in in-real-life trauma assessment and in the simulated domain. We video-recorded all verbal communicative events in four real-world trauma teams and four teams during simulation training. The analysis showed that although the teamwork was task-oriented, information management dominated task management at 64% of all the utterances in-real-life and 68% during simulation. In-real-life, information management was dominated by the codes “request information” (24%) and “confirmation” (21%), whereas “task distribution” (43%) was most frequently used for task management. The only difference between domains was that “give information after request” represented a smaller proportion of the utterances in-real-life compared to simulation (p ≤ 0.001). Talking to the room was primarily used by the teams in both domains to provide information without request and to delegate tasks. Closed-loop communication was used at a low frequency, 3.6% in-real-life, but was significantly higher, 7.7%, in simulation training. We suspect that this outcome reflects the Hawthorne effect. In the simulations, greater information delivery was provided in response to questions, probably accounting for instructor information. Our results may be valuable for research on trauma team behaviour in a simulated environment to draw conclusions about similar activities in-real-life.
Resistance Training and Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Younger and Older Adults
Authors: Kipp Lindsay E. , Pigg Quinten W. , Kim Joosung , Fisher Ashlyn , Mettler Joni A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Older adults are at risk for sarcopenia, which can negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Resistance training may improve HRQoL; however, data using sarcopenia-specific HRQoL assessments are lacking. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether HRQoL differs by age group (younger: age 20–29 yr; older: age 60–85 yr) and resistance training exercise status.

Methods
Participants (n = 76) were categorized into four groups based on age and whether they met the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for resistance training: younger resistance trained (YRT), younger not resistance trained (YNT), older resistance trained (ORT), and older not resistance trained (ONT). Participants completed the Sarcopenia and Quality of Life questionnaire (SarQoL®), which assessed total SarQoL® and seven domains: physical and mental health, locomotion, body composition, functionality, activities of daily living (ADLs), leisure activities, and fears.

Results
ORT and YNT were not significantly different on total SarQoL® and all seven domains (P ≥ 0.05), despite the age difference; small to medium effect sizes indicated that ORT had higher scores on four domains compared to YNT (d = 0.21–0.66). ORT scored higher than ONT on total SarQoL® and physical and mental health (P < 0.05); these effect sizes were large (d = 0.95 and 0.88, respectively). YRT scored higher than YNT on total SarQoL®, physical and mental health, functionality, ADLs, and leisure activities (P < 0.05) with large effect sizes (d = 0.86–1.13).

Conclusion
Findings suggest that resistance training may be an effective modality to attenuate age-related decline in HRQoL. Findings inform evidence-based practice for healthcare and fitness professionals working with older adults with concerns regarding feelings of weakness, loss of muscle mass, difficulty during physical effort, and feelings of frailty.
Grundrisse: Introduction to Marx’s Political Economy and Historical Materialism
Authors: Das Raju 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article systematically presents Marx’s ideas about political economy and historical materialism in the “Introduction” to the Grundrisse. Two questions are posed and addressed. The first one is: what implications does the “Introduction” have for the contemporary Marxist discussions on economic crisis, and on primitive accumulation? Underlying these two topics is the question of the importance of production relative to distribution, exchange and consumption. Marx sometimes appears to be ambivalent in his treatment of this question, and this partly explains why some Marxists can suggest that the production of commodities under capitalism is not the main aspect of late capitalism, and find the main reason for economic crisis outside of production. Read carefully, however, the “Introduction” does provide enough ground to critique these views. The second question addressed is: what implications might Marx’s discussion on political economy and historical materialism, including the relation between culture and economic development, have for the fight for socialism?
Signal recovery and polynomiographic visualization of modified Noor iteration of operators with property (E)
Authors: Paimsang Papinwich , Thianwan Tanakit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article aims to provide a modified Noor iterative scheme to approximate the fixed points of generalized nonexpansive mappings with property (

E

E

) called MN-iteration. We establish the strong and weak convergence results in a uniformly convex Banach space. Additionally, numerical experiments of the iterative technique are demonstrated using a signal recovery application in a compressed sensing situation. Ultimately, an illustrative analysis regarding Noor, SP-, and MN-iteration procedures is obtained via polysomnographic techniques. The images obtained are called polynomiographs. Polynomiographs have importance for both the art and science aspects. The obtained graphs describe the pattern of complex polynomials and also the convergence properties of the iterative method. They can also be used to increase the functionality of the existing polynomiography software.
On continuants of continued fractions with rational partial quotients
Authors: Dolgov Dmitry A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Continued fractions with rational partial quotients with right shift arise in the process of applying Sorenson’s right-shift k-ary gcd algorithm to the ratio of natural numbers a, b. Using this algorithm makes it possible to obtain different types of such fractions. This functions are associated with special forms of continuants, that is, polynomials that can be used to express the numerators and denominators of the convergents. In this paper we introduce such fractions and continuants, we also investigate properties (in particular, the asymptotic behavior) of the extremal values of the continuants under constraints imposed on the variables involved in the right-shift k-ary gcd algorithm of Sorenson. We also introduce a construction similar to the triangle of coefficients of Fibonacci polynomials.
Gemeinsame Nutzung von Mobilfunkinfrastrukturen nach den neuen Horizontalleitlinien
Authors: Bulowski Stefan , Zierke Oliver 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die überarbeiteten EU-Horizontalleitlinien enthalten einen neuen Abschnitt zur kartellrechtlichen Beurteilung der gemeinsamen Nutzung von Mobilfunkinfrastrukturen durch mehrere Mobilfunkanbieter. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht diese Neuerung. Zudem enthält er einführende Erläuterungen, wie die gemeinsame Nutzung von Mobilfunkinf rastrukturen (technisch) erfolgen kann und welche ökonomischen und rechtlichen Probleme aus bestimmten Kooperationsformen folgen können. Schließlich werden auch die telekommunikationsrechtlichen Bezüge zu diesem Thema dargestellt, da insbesondere eine gemeinsame Nutzung von Funkfrequenzen neben der wettbewerbsrechtlichen Prüfung auch eine regulierungsrechtliche Genehmigung erforderlich machen kann.
The psychophysical assessments of tactile, temperature and electrical perception for implants with metal prosthetic surfaces
Authors: Fang Qing , Xue Jinlang , Hu Shuai , Tao Jianxiang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The tactile function and thermal perception are two primary functions of oral structures. Implants without periodontal ligament and pulp might fail to sense the tactile and temperature change. This study aimed to investigate implants′ tactile, thermal, and electrical perception by detailed psychophysical assessments. A total of forty-eight patients with single implant restoration were recruited. Mechanical (5 intensities), cold (4 temperatures), and electrical stimulation were respectively applied to implants and natural teeth, and the psychophysical results were recorded with a visual analog scale (VAS) and compared between implants and natural teeth. For tactile perception, at low and medium forces, implants were significantly poorer than natural teeth (P&lt;0.01), but at the largest force, there were no significant differences (P &gt;0.05). Regarding thermal perception, thermal changes on implants could be detected, although the signals were weaker when compared to natural teeth (P&lt;0.01). Implants were less sensitive to electrical stimulation than natural teeth (P&lt;0.01). Even though there is no periodontium and pulp, dental implants could perceive the mechanical, thermal, and electrical stimulation weakly.