bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA 3D structure prediction guided by independent folding of homologous sequences
Authors: Magnus Marcin , Kappel Kalli , Das Rhiju , Bujnicki Janusz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

The understanding of the importance of RNA has dramatically changed over recent years. As in the case of proteins, the function of an RNA molecule is encoded in its tertiary structure, which in turn is determined by the molecule's sequence. The prediction of tertiary structures of complex RNAs is still a challenging task.

Results

Using the observation that RNA sequences from the same RNA family fold into conserved structure, we test herein whether parallel modeling of RNA homologs can improve ab initio RNA structure prediction method. EvoClustRNA is a multi-step modeling process, in which homologous sequences for the target sequence are selected using the Rfam database. Subsequently, independent folding simulations using Rosetta FARFAR and SimRNA are carried out. The model of the target sequence is selected based on the most common structural arrangement of the common helical fragments. As a test, on two blind RNA-Puzzles challenges, EvoClustRNA predictions ranked as the first of all submissions for the L-glutamine riboswitch and as the second for the ZMP riboswitch. Moreover, through a benchmark of known structures, we discovered several cases in which particular homologs were unusually amenable to structure recovery in folding simulations compared to the single original target sequence.

Conclusion

This work, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrates how important is the selection of the target sequence from an alignment of an RNA family for the success of RNA 3D structure prediction. These observations prompt investigations into a new direction of research for checking 3D structure “foldability” or “predictability” of related RNA sequences to obtain accurate predictions. To support new research in this area, we provide all relevant scripts in a documented and ready-to-use form. By exploring new ideas and identification of limitations of the current RNA 3D structure prediction methods, this work is bringing us closer to the near-native computational RNA 3D models.
Prestroke statins use reduces oxidized low density lipoprotein levels and improves clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation related acute ischemic stroke
Authors: he lanying , Xu Ronghua , Wang Jian , Zhang LIli , Zhang Lijuan , Zhao Wang , Dong Weiwei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of cerebral infarction, which could lead to endothelial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL).AF is associated with higher mortality and more severe neurologic disability. Statins may exert neuroprotective effects that are independent of LDL-C lowering. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether prestroke statins use could reduce plasma Ox-LDL levels and improve clinical outcomes in patients with AF-related acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Methods: This was a multicenter prospective study that involved four medical centers, 242 AIS patients with AF were identified, who underwent a comprehensive clinical investigation and a 72h-Holter electrocardiogram monitoring. All patients were divided into two groups: prestroke statins use and n o prestroke statins use groups , who were followed up for 3 months. Plasma Ox-LDL levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on admission and at 3 months. The outcome was death, major disability (modified Rankin Scale score≥3), and composite outcome (death/major disability) at 3 months after AIS.
Results: 136 patients were in no prestroke statins use group, and 106 in prestroke statins use group . Plasma Ox-LDL levels were significantly lower in prestroke statins use than in no prestroke statins use on admission and at 3 months (P<0.001). Plasma Ox-LDL levels on admission were associated with 3-month mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.05; 95% confidence interval(CI), 0.99-1.12; P=0.047]. In fully adjusted models, prestroke statins use was associated with reduced 3-month mortality [adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16–0.91; P=0.031)], major disability (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95%CI, 0.15–0.99; P=0.047), and composite outcome (adjusted OR, 0.31; 95% CI,0.17–0.74; P=0.009).
Conclusions: Prestroke statins use can reduce plasma Ox-LDL levels and improve clinical outcomes in patients with AF-related AIS.
Accuracy of Prescribing Documentation by UK Junior Doctors Undertaking Psychiatry Placements: a Multi-centre Observational Study
Authors: Dey Mrinalini , Buhagiar Kurt , Jabbar Farid 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives : Medical records are critical to patient care, but often contain incomplete information. In UK hospitals, record-keeping is traditionally undertaken by junior doctors, who are increasingly completing early-career placements in psychiatry, but negative attitudes towards psychiatry may affect their performance. Little is known about the accuracy of medical records in psychiatry in general. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) pertinent to clinical decision-making (“rationale”) for prescribing completed by junior doctors during a psychiatry placement, focusing on the differences between psychotropic vs. non-psychotropic drugs and the temporal association during their placement.
Results : EMRs of 276 participants yielding 780 ward round entries were analysed, 100% of which were completed by Foundation Year or General Practice specialty training junior doctors rather than more senior clinicians. Compared with non-psychotropic drugs, documentation of prescribing rationale for psychotropic drugs was less likely (OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.16-0.36, p <0.001). The rate of rationale documentation significantly declined over time especially for psychotropic drugs ( p <0.001). Prescribing documentation of non-psychotropic drugs for people with mental illness is paradoxically more accurate than that of psychotropic drugs. Early-career junior doctors are therefore increasingly shaping EMRs of people receiving psychiatric care.
Asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage rate of Streptococcus pyogenes, its associated factors and antibiotic susceptibility pattern among school children in Hawassa town, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Anja Asrat , Beyene Getenet , S/mariam Zewudineh , DAKA DERESSE 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage rate of S. pyogenes, antimicrobial pattern and related risk factors among school children in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Results Out of 287school children’s screened, 35(12.2%) were colonized with S. pyogenes. The carriage rate was significantly associated with factors such as sex (Female p=0.013) occupational status of mother (p=0.002), lower income source (500-900ETB, 1000-1500ETB) (p=0.001, and p=0.042), history of hospitalization (p=0.00) and residence of the children (p=0.002). High level resistant to tetracycline and low level to Vancomycine were observed, while penicillin, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol, and Ceftriaxone were found to be effective.
The COngenital HeARt Disease in adult and Pulmonary Hypertension (COHARD-PH) registry: a descriptive study from single-center hospital registry of adult congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension in Indonesia
Authors: Dinarti Lucia Kris , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Kusuma Arditya Damar , Dewanto Vera Christina , Setiawan Monika , Hadwiono Muhammad Reyhan , Pradana Aditya Doni , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Backgrounds The COngenital HeARt Disease in adult and Pulmonary Hypertension (COHARD-PH) registry is the first congenital heart disease (CHD) and PH registry in Indonesia. The study aims to describe prevalence, demographics, and hemodynamics data of adult CHD and PH in Indonesia.Methods The COHARD-PH registry is a hospital-based, single-center, and prospective cohort registry which includes adult patients with CHD and CHD-related PH. The patients were enrolled consecutively. We evaluate the registry patients from July 2012 until July 2018. The enrolled patients underwent clinical examination, electrocardiography, chest x-ray, 6 minute walking test, laboratory measurement, and transthoracic and transoesofageal echocardiography. Right Heart Catheterization (RHC) was performed to measure hemodynamics and confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH).Results We registered 803 patients during the study. The majority were young-adult females. The majority of CHD was secundum ASD (79.0%). The main symptom was dyspneu on effort. The majority (78.1%) already develops signs of PH assessed by echocardiography. The Eisenmenger syndrome was encountered in 17.3% subjects. Based on the RHC, 67.8% subjects had developed PAH. Patients with PAH were significantly older, lower peripheral oxygen saturation, lower 6 minute walking distance, and higher NTproBNP. There was an increased of PAH prevalence according to age range, with the highest prevalence between 51 and 60 years old.Conclusions The COHARD-PH registry is the first Indonesian adult-CHD and PH registry. The incidence, demographics data, and hemodynamics data of this registry reflects situation in developing countries which need to be compared with similar registries from developed countries.
Next-Generation Sequencing Identified Novel Desmoplakin Frame-shift Variant in Patients with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lin Xiaoping , Ma Yuankun , Cai Zhejun , Wang Qiyuan , Wang Lihua , Huo Zhaoxia , Hu Dan , Wang Jian'an , Xiang Meixiang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the leading causes for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Recent studies have identified mutations in cardiac desmosomes as key players in the pathogenesis of ARVC. However, the specific etiology in individual families remains largely unknown.
Methods A 4-generation family presenting with syncope, lethal ventricular arrhythmia and SCD was recruited. Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed and validated by Sanger sequencing. Plasmid containing the mutation and wild type (WT) was constructed, western-blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the functional change due to the mutation.
Results The proband, a 56-year-old female, presented with recurrent palpitation and syncope. An ICD was implanted due to her family history of SCD/ aborted SCD. NGS revealed a novel heterozygous frame-shift variant ( c.832delG ) in Desmoplakin ( DSP ) among 5 family members. The variant led to a frame-shift and a premature termination codon, producing a truncated protein. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) of the family members carrying the same variant shown myocardium thinning and fatty infiltration in the right ventricular, positive bi-ventricular late gadolinium enhancement and severe RV dysfunction, fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of ARVC. HEK293T cells transfected with mutant expressed truncated DSP protein, upregulation of nuclear junction plakoglobin ( PG ) and downregulation of β-catenin, when compared with WT.
Conclusion We infer that the novel c.832delG variant in DSP was associated with ARVC in this family, likely through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Incidence and associated factors of laryngospasm among pediatric patients who undergone surgery under general anesthesia, in university of Gondar Compressive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019: Cross sectional study
Authors: Chekol Wubie Birlie , Melese Debas Yaregal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: this study was aimed to assess the incidence and associated factors of laryngospasm among pediatric patients who undergone surgery under general anesthesia (GA).
Results : The incidence of laryngospasm among pediatric patients who undergone surgery under GA was 57 (18.39%) . Of this 34 (59.6%) were happened during emergence, 12 (21.1%) during maintenance and 11 (19.3%) during induction phase of GA.
In multivariable analysis, airway anomalies (AOR : 14.64,95%CI:1.71,125.04) , orophyrangeal secretion (AOR : 2.45,95%CI:1.19,5.06), attempts of airway devices insertion (AOR : 2.47,95%CI:1.16,5.22) , upper respiratory tract infection (AOR : 2.91,95%CI:1.008,8.41) and inadequate depth of anesthesia (AOR : 7.92,95%CI:2.7,23.22) were significantly associated with incidence of laryngospasm .
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Hemoglobinopathy in South Western Region Nepal: A Boon or Burden
Authors: Gautam Narayan , Gaire Bhagwati , Manandhar Trishna , Marasini Bishnu P , Parajuli Niranjan , Lekhak Sunil P , Nepal Monica 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The study was carried out to optimize the phenotypic method to characterize the sickle cell trait (SCT), sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and β-thalassemia (β-TT) suspected sample from tharu community of South Western province-5, Nepal. SCT and SCA were further evaluated by genotypic method employing amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS PCR). Moreover, Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) was estimated in those hemoglobinopathy to observe its prevalence. The accurate and reliable method can play an important role in reduction of morbidity and mortality rate.
Results: The 100 suspected cases were subjected to phenotypic method adopting cellulose acetate electrophoresis and genotypic metod using ARMS PCR which portraits (5%) SCA positive test showing HBS/HBS, (38%) SCT positive trait HBA/HBS and (36%) cases normal HBA/HBA. β-TT (21%) cases were confirmed by electropherogram. G6PD deficiency was observed in (40%) of SCA, (18.4%) of SCT, (4.8%) of β-TT and (2.8%) in normal cases. Increased G6PD were developed only in SCT (5.3 %) and β-TT (4.8%). The study highlighted sickle cell disorder (SCD) and β-TT as the most common hemoglobinopathy coexisting with G6PD deficiency. Though hemoglobinopathy sometime could be protective in malaria but G6PD deficiency can cause massive hemolysis which may exacerbate the condition.
Identification of Schistosoma mansoni eggs and other soil transmitted intestinal parasites in stool using Odongo-Aginya method
Authors: Byagamy John Paul , Malinga Geoffrey Maxwell , Angwech Harriet , Echodu Richard , Odongo-Aginya Emmanuel Igwaro 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective
World Health Organisation recommends Kato-Katz technique for quantitative diagnosis of Schistosoma (S) mansoni and other soil transmitted intestinal parasites in field research. However, the prepared slides in Kato-Katz technique cannot be examined immediately and after 1 to 2 hours, the eggs of parasites with thin cell walls over clear in glycerine and morphology of the eggs are not preserved. These disadvantages are overcome using Odongo-Aginya method as illustrate by S. mansoni eggs and other soil transmitted intestinal parasites in stool in the results.
Result
The Odongo-Aginya method composed of compound stains of 7.5% nigrosin in 10% formalin and 0.5% eosin yellowin10% formalin mixed 1:1 ratio can be examined immediately. This method illustrated very clearly morphological appearance of S. mansoni and other soil transmitted intestinal parasites. This method showed a clear appearance of intestinal parasites eggs and larvae immediately after preparation and also after six weeks. The prepared slide also maintains the morphological appearance of the eggs even of the hookworm for a long time when the slides are kept in cool dry place. This method is reliable, reproducible, cost effective, easy to learn, quick and safe especially when handling specimens from Human Immunodeficiency virus infected patients.
Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among postnatal care attendees in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018.
Authors: dargie abate , Dagne Kefyalew 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression explains various groups of depressive symptoms and syndromes that take place during the first 6 weeks following birth. The postpartum period is a critical time where both mild and severe mood disorders occur. The familiar forms are baby blues and postpartum depression. Determination of the prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression is mandatory for early detection and treatment. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2018 by using systematic random sampling technique. The data was collected from each health centers and referral hospital. The study participants were eligible women who came to Debre Berhan referral hospital and health centers for postnatal care and vaccination service. The Edinburg postnatal depression scale was used to assess postpartum depression. The collected data were coded and entered into Epi-info version 7 and transported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both Bivariate and Multivariate Binary Logistic Regression were done to identify associated factors. During bivariate analysis, variables with p-value < 0.05 were included in multivariate analysis. Odds Ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals were computed and variables with p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly associated factors (multivariate analysis). Results: A total of 308 mothers who attend postnatal care included with a response rate of 100%. The prevalence of postnatal depression was found to be 15.6 %( 95%CI=11.7, 19.8). Being widowed/widower (AOR=4.17 (95% CI=1.14, 15.20)), having poor social support (AOR=5.11(95% CI= 1.00, 26.18), having hospitalized child (AOR=3.32(95%CI= 1.39, 7.93), and having died close family or relative (AOR=2.92(95%CI=1.01, 8.50)) were significantly associated factor with postpartum depression. Conclusions: Though significant proportions of mothers are depressed, the prevalence of postpartum depression was lower than most studies in different areas. It will be better if health care professionals give special attention to maternal mental health issues and consult mothers to mitigate the problem. It will be better if Health care professionals working in maternal and child health clinics to give special attention to mothers who are widowed/widower, having poor social support, having hospitalized child, having died close family or relative. Therefore, the authors failed to accept both null hypotheses.
Suitability of fecal sludge from composting toilets as feedstock for carbonization
Authors: Hübner Tobias , Herrmann André , Kretzschmar Jörg , Harnisch Falk 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Composting toilets provide a promising decentralized alternative to sewer based sanitation systems. However, the valorization of fecal sludge from composting toilets (CFS) by conventional technologies is limited. In this study, we evaluated carbonization as an alternative valorization route for CFS, providing a time-efficient, decentral applicable and hygienically safe treatment option. CFS was carbonized using either pyrolysis (at 500 °C for 1 h) or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC, at 200 °C for 4 h). CFS exhibits promising feedstock characteristics, such as high total solids (TS, 21 ± 9%) and low ash content (9 ± 2%TS). HTC of CFS exhibits high char yields (75 ± 7%) while pyrolysis char from CFS exhibits elevated higher heating values (25 ± 2 MJ kg−1) and low ash content (24 ± 5%TS) compared to chars produced from fecal sludge (FS) from other sources. Further calculations showed that FS with low TS amended with sawdust can be used as inexpensive feedstock to achieve energy self-sufficient pyrolysis operation.
Variações semânticas no (des)uso do clítico se no português falado em vitória da conquista
Authors: Teixeira Jodalmara Oliveira Rocha , Silva Jorge Augusto Alves da 
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo, objetivamos descrever as variações semânticas no (des)uso do clítico SE, em estruturas tradicionalmente classificadas como reflexivas, na fala vernácula de Vitória da Conquista-BA. Tais variações atuam como indícios de trajetória de mudança, que fazem com que o SE caminhe da função original de clítico reflexivo para a categoria de afixo verbal, via gramaticalização. Para testar essa hipótese, analisamos dados extraídos dos corpora orais PPVC (Corpus do Português Popular de Vitória da Conquista) e PCVC (Corpus do Português Culto de Vitória da Conquista), baseados nos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Variacionista e do Sociofuncionalismo. Os nossos resultados evidenciaram a preferência dos conquistenses pelo emprego do clítico. Quanto ao condicionamento linguístico, a presença do SE revelou-se sensível ao tipo de clítico e à classe semântica do verbo. Relativamente ao condicionamento social, verificamos que o uso do SE é mais favorecido entre os informantes mais escolarizados e da faixa intermediária.
First Synthesis for Bis-Spirothiazolidine Derivatives as a Novel Heterocyclic Framework and Their Biological Activity
Authors: Flefel Eman M. , El-Sofany Walaa I. , Awad Hanem M. , El-Shahat Mahmoud 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Spirothiazolidines are versatile synthetic scaffold possessing wide spectrum
of biological interests involving potential anticancer activity.

Objectives:
To report the first synthesis of Bis Spiro-thiazolidine as a novel heterocyclic ring system.

Method:
One-pot three-component reaction including condensation of p-phenyllene diamine; cyclohexanone
and thioglycolic acid produced Spiro-thiazolidine 4, which underwent further condensation
with cyclohexanone and thioglycolic acid with equimolar ratio to introduce Bis-Spiothiazolidine 5 as
the first synthesis. Also, bis spiro-thiazolidine arylidene derivatives 6-13 were synthesized by the reaction
of Bis-Spiothiazolidine 5 with different aromatic benzaldehydes.

Results:
Four compounds 13, 12, 9 and 11 have shown highly significant anticancer activity compared
to Doxorubicin® (positive control) against Human liver carcinoma (HepG2) and Human Normal Retina
pigmented epithelium (RPE-1) cell lines.

Conclusion:
The novel bis-spirothiazolidine deriviatives have been synthesized for the first time and
showed excellent anticancer activities compare with the corresponding spirothiazolidine derivatives.