bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Human Factors Research and Studies of Health Information Technologies: The Role of Patient Safety
Authors: Borycki E. , Carayon P. , Jaspers M.W.M. , Pelayo S. , Beuscart-Zéphir M.C. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: The objective of this survey paper is to present and explain the impact of recent regulations and patient safety initiatives (EU, US and Canada) on Human Factors (HF) /Usability studies and research focusing on Health Information Technology (HIT).
Methods: The authors have selected the most prominent of these recent regulations and initiatives, which rely on validated HF and usability methods and concepts and aim at enhancing the specific process of identification and prevention of technology-induced errors throughout the lifecycle of HIT.
Results: The analysis highlights several points of consensus: 1) safety initiatives or regulations applicable to Medical Devices (MD) tend to extend to HIT, 2) Usability is considered a fundamental dimension of HIT safety, 3) HF/Usability methods and the overall Human Centred Design (HCD) approach are considered efficient solutions to ensure the design of safe and usable HIT. However, it appears that MD manufacturers, and a fortiori HIT designers and developers are still far from being able to routinely apply HCD to their products
Discussion and conclusion: On the research side, we need to analyze manufacturers' difficulties with the application of the HCD process and imposed standards. For each given category of HIT, we need to identify the fundamental usability dimensions and design principles likely to impact patient safety independently of workplace settings or organizations. These should be described in terms of usability flaws, corresponding usage problems experienced by users and related outcomes. This approach requires good quality and well structured reporting of Human Factors / Usability research studies on HIT.
Sensor, Signal, and Imaging Informatics: Evidence-Based Health Informatics
Authors: Moreau-Gaudry A. , Voros S. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: This synopsis presents a selection for the IMIA (International Medical Informatics Association) Yearbook 2013 of excellent research in the broad field of Sensor, Signal, and Imaging Informatics published in the year 2012.
Methods: We performed a systematic initial selection and a double blind peer review process to find the best papers in this domain published in 2012, from the PubMed and Web of Science databases. A set of MeSH keywords provided by experts was used.
Results: Current research in the field of sensor signal and imaging informatics is based on innovative sensors from which relevant information (signal and imaging) can be acquired and integrated into workflow based or patient based models. This rich environment can help the medical staff in carrying out more optimal care. The demonstration of the added value of such innovations is more and more performed through evidence-based evaluations.
Conclusions: The best paper selection of articles on sensors, signal, and imaging informatics illustrates the wide spectrum covered by this field in 2012, and the attention paid to evaluations.
Personal Health and Consumer Informatics
Authors: Gibbons M. C. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: The rapid evolution in the world-wide use of Social Media tools suggests the emergence of a global phenomenon that may have implications in the Personal Health and Consumer Health Informatics domains. However the impact of these tools on health outcomes is not known. The goal of this research was to review the randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence of the impact of health oriented Social Media informatics tools on health outcomes.
Methods: Evaluations of Social Media consumer health tools were systematically reviewed. Research was limited to studies published in the English language, published in Medline, published in the calendar year 2012 and limited to studies that utilized a RCT methodological design.
Results and Conclusions: Two high quality Randomized Controlled Trials among over 600 articles published in Medline were identified. These studies indicate that Social Media interventions may be able to significantly improve pain control among patients with chronic pain and enhance weight loss maintenance among individuals attempting to lose weight. Significantly more research needs to be done to confirm these early findings, evaluate additional health outcomes and further evaluate emerging health oriented Social Media interventions. Chronic pain and weight control have both socially oriented determinants. These studies suggest that understanding the social component of a disease may ultimately provide novel therapeutic targets and socio-clinical interventional strategies.
Bringing Genome Tests into Clinical Practice
Authors: Sarkar I.N. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective: To provide a review of recent progress in the use of genomic data in clinical contexts.
Method: Survey of key articles selected from the previous year (2012).
Result: Two major themes emerged as areas of focus in 2012: (1) integration of genomic data into electronic health records; and (2) determining the clinical utility of genomic tests.
Conclusion: Significant advances are being made towards the integration of genomic data such that they may useful for clinical decision making. While the short term advances will likely still be seen in clinically valid genotype-phenotype research, there have been promising advances towards developing genomic tests that may be of clinical utility in the near future.
Information Technology for Clinical, Translational and Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Choquet R. , Daniel C. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: To summarize advances of excellent current research in the new emerging field of Clinical Research Informatics.
Method: Synopsis of four key articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2013. The selection was performed by querying PubMed and Web of Science with predefined keywords. From the original set of 590 papers, a first subset of 461 articles which was in the scope of Clinical Research Informatics was refined into a second subset of 79 relevant articles from which 15 articles were retained for peer-review.
Results: The four selected articles exemplify current research efforts conducted in the areas of data representation and management in clinical trials, secondary use of EHR data for clinical research, information technology platforms for translational and comparative effectiveness research and implementation of privacy control.
Conclusions: The selected articles not only illustrate how innovative information technology supports classically organized randomized controlled trials but also demonstrate that the long promised benefits of electronic health care data for research are becoming a reality through concrete platforms and projects.
Medical Decision Support and Medical Informatics Education: Roots, Methods and Applications in Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic
Authors: Zvárová Jana 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe paper describes the history of medical informatics in Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic. It focuses on the topics of medical informatics education and decision support methods and systems. Several conferences held in Czechoslovakia and in the Czech Republic organized in cooperation with IMIA or EFMI are described. Support of European Union and Czech agencies in several European and national projects focused on medical informatics topics highly contributed to medical informatics development in Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic and to the establishment of the European Center for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology as the joint workplace of Charles University in Prague and Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in 1994.
Leitlinie: Lipödem der Beine
Authors: Wienert V. , Földi E. , Schmeller W. , Rabe E. 
Published: March 2018

Leitlinien sind systematisch erarbeitete Empfehlungen, um Kliniker und Praktiker bei Entscheidungen über die angemessene Patientenversorgung im Rahmen spezifischer klinischer Umstände zu unterstützen. Leitlinien gelten für so genannte Standard-situationen. Sie berücksichtigen aktuelle, zu den entsprechenden Fragestellungen verfüg-bare wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse.Leitlinien bedürfen einer ständigen Überprüfung und eventuell der Änderung auf Basis des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstandes und der Praktikabilität in der täglichen Praxis. Durch die Leitlinien soll die ärztliche Methodenfreiheit nicht eingeschränkt werden. Ihre Beachtung garantiert nicht in jedem Fall den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Erfolg. Leitlinien erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Entschei-dung über die Angemessenheit der zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen trifft der Arzt oder die Ärztin unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Problematik.
Leitlinie: Sklerosierungsbehandlung der Varikose
Authors: Rabe E. , Pannier F. , Gerlach H. , Breu F. X. , Guggenbichler S. , Wollmann J. C. 
Published: March 2018

Leitlinien sind systematisch erarbeitete Empfehlungen, um den Kliniker und den Praktiker bei Entscheidungen über die angemessene Versorgung der Patienten im Rahmen spezifischer klinischer Umstände zu unterstützen.Leitlinien gelten für „Standardsituationen“ und berücksichtigen die aktuellen, zu den entsprechenden Fragestellungen zur Verfügung stehenden, wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse. Leitlinien bedürfen der ständigen Überprüfung und eventuell der Änderung auf dem Boden des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstandes und der Praktikabilität in der täglichen Praxis. Durch die Leitlinien soll die Methodenfreiheit des Arztes nicht eingeschränkt werden. Ihre Beachtung garantiert nicht in jedem Fall den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Erfolg. Leitlinien erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Entscheidung über die Angemessenheit der zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen trifft der Arzt unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Problematik.
Using Personal Handheld Computing Devices for Personalizing Healthcare
Authors: Maeder A. , Meher S. , Mars M. , Hartvigsen G. , Kuthiala A. , Gogia S. B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTelehealth has an increasing role in future healthcare. This paper seeks to define and understand recent advances in provision of tele-healthcare through use of personal handheld computing devices, and suggests how such personalized solutions offer further opportunities for progress.We considered the current status of personal handheld computing devices for personalizing healthcare, through review of examples in the literature and web sources.We have identified the following four generic roles for personal handheld computing devices in personalized healthcare: educational, social networking and games, monitoring with notifications/reminders, and online/offline tele-consultations. We discuss examples of these in two settings: healthcare facilities and patient home.Advances in latest handheld computing devices have made tele-healthcare more personalized and increasingly possible even in the absence of the care provider.
Toward Patient-Centered, Personalized and Personal Decision Support and Knowledge Management: A Survey
Authors: Leong T.-Y. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis paper summarizes there cent trends and highlights the challenges and opportunities in decision support and knowledge management for patient-centered, personalized, and personal healthcare.The discussions are based on a broad survey of related references, focusing on the most recent publications. Major advances are examined in the areas of i) shared decision making paradigms, ii) continuity of care infrastructures and architectures, iii) human factors and system design approaches, iv) knowledge management innovations, and v) practical deployment and change considerations.Many important initiatives, projects, and plans with promising results have been identified. The common themes focus on supporting the individual patients who are playing an increasing central role in their own care decision processes. New collaborative decision making paradigms and information infrastructure sare required to ensure effective continuity of care. Human factors and usability are crucial for the successful development and deployment of the relevant systems, tools, and aids. Advances in personalized medicine can be achieved through integrating genomic, phenotypic and other biological, individual, and population level information, and gaining useful insights from building and analyzing biological and other models at multiple levels of abstraction. Therefore, new Information and Communication Technologies and evaluation approaches are needed to effectively manage the scale and complexity of biomedical and health information, and adapt to the changing nature of clinical decision support.Recent research in decision support andknowledge management combines heterogeneous information and personal data to provide cost-effective, calibrated, personalized support in shared decision making at the point of care. Current and emerging efforts concentrate on developing or extendingconventional paradigms, techniques, systems,and architectures for the newpredictive, preemptive, and participatory healthcare model for patient-centered, personalized medicine. There is also an increasing emphasis on managing complexity with changing care models, processes, and settings.
Emulsion patterns in the wake of a liquid–liquid phase separation front
Authors: Moerman Pepijn G. , Hohenberg Pierre C. , Vanden-Eijnden Eric , Brujic Jasna 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Liquid–liquid phase separation plays an important role in diverse processes, such as the organization of cellular subcompartments, the encapsulation of active agents, or the synthesis of complex emulsions. Demixing liquids usually leads to spinodal-type patterns with no characteristic length scale. Here we show that phase separation in the wake of an immiscibility front can give macroscopic patterns in which a particular length scale is arrested. These patterns are reminiscent of Turing patterns in driven systems but occur by a different mechanism in which the speed of the immiscibility front controls their spacing. This offers a general route toward self-organization with programmable features. Here we tune the spacing of patterns in “Russian-doll” emulsions as well as stripes in rectangular capillaries.
Analysis of oscillatory rocking curve by dynamical diffraction in protein crystals
Authors: Suzuki Ryo , Koizumi Haruhiko , Hirano Keiichi , Kumasaka Takashi , Kojima Kenichi , Tachibana Masaru 
Published: March 2018

Significance
The observation of dynamical diffraction in protein crystals is an interesting topic because dynamical diffraction typically occurs in high-quality crystals such as those of silicon. However, to our knowledge, a report of protein crystals showing clear dynamical diffraction does not exist. Here, we present an observation of the oscillatory profile of rocking curves for protein crystals such as glucose isomerase. The oscillatory profiles are in good agreement with those predicted using the dynamical theory of diffraction. It is demonstrated that dynamical diffraction occurs in protein crystals as well. These results indicate the need for a dynamical diffraction model in protein-crystal structure analysis and model refinement that, to our knowledge, has never been used in conventional structural analysis.
Dynamic and shared sense‐making in large‐scale curriculum reform in school districts
Authors: Pyhältö Kirsi , Pietarinen Janne , Soini Tiina 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTShared sense‐making is suggested to be key for curriculum reform. Shared sense‐making entails constructing a collective understanding of the meaning for reform, its significance and its implications for schools, through dialogue and negotiation across the levels of the educational system. This study explored changes in hands‐on strategies of shared sense‐making, and ways of orchestrating curriculum reform work in the districts in Finland, following the introduction of new national curriculum policy. Longitudinal focus group interview data collected from curriculum coordinating groups during the reform work was utilised. The data were qualitatively content analysed. The two sets of shared sense‐making strategies were identified in this study, including those strategies utilised by the groups in building their understanding of what the reform is all about, and those concerning the reform orchestration. The strategies employed evolved from simple to more complex, during the progression of curriculum work. Results also showed that the coordinating groups were well aware of their high autonomy and resulting responsibility in orchestrating the district‐level curriculum work. However, the advance in shared sense‐making strategies employed by the groups indicated that they were highly committed to constructing collective understanding about the reform, its significance and implications for schools through dialogue and negotiation with practitioners.
A comprehensive evaluation of alignment software for reduced representation bisulfite sequencing data
Authors: Sun Xiwei , Han Yi , Zhou Liyuan , Chen Enguo , Lu Bingjian , Liu Yong , Pan Xiaoqing , Cowley Allen W , Liang Mingyu , Wu Qingbiao , Lu Yan , Liu Pengyuan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology provides an opportunity to study genome-wide DNA methylation at single-base resolution. However, depletion of unmethylated cytosines brings challenges for aligning bisulfite-converted sequencing reads to a large reference. Software tools for aligning methylation reads have not yet been comprehensively evaluated, especially for the widely used reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) that involves enrichment for CpG islands (CGIs).

Results
We specially developed a simulator, RRBSsim, for benchmarking analysis of RRBS data. We performed extensive comparison of seven mapping algorithms for methylation analysis in both real and simulated RRBS data. Eighteen lung tumors and matched adjacent tissues were sequenced by the RRBS protocols. Our empirical evaluation found that methylation results were less consistent between software tools for CpG sites with low sequencing depth, medium methylation level, on CGI shores or gene body. These observations were further confirmed by simulations that indicated software tools generally had lower recall of detecting these vulnerable CpG sites and lower precision of estimating methylation levels in these CpG sites. Among the software tools tested, bwa-meth and BS-Seeker2 (bowtie2) are currently our preferred aligners for RRBS data in terms of recall, precision and speed. Existing aligners cannot efficiently handle moderately methylated CpG sites and those CpG sites on CGI shores or gene body. Interpretation of methylation results from these vulnerable CpG sites should be treated with caution. Our study reveals several important features inherent in methylation data, and RRBSsim provides guidance to advance sequence-based methylation data analysis and methodological development.

Availability and implementation
RRBSsim is a simulator for benchmarking analysis of RRBS data and its source code is available at https://github.com/xwBio/RRBSsim or https://github.com/xwBio/Docker-RRBSsim.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
iterClust: a statistical framework for iterative clustering analysis
Authors: Ding Hongxu , Wang Wanxin , Califano Andrea 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
In a scenario where populations A, B1 and B2 (subpopulations of B) exist, pronounced differences between A and B may mask subtle differences between B1 and B2.

Results
Here we present iterClust, an iterative clustering framework, which can separate more pronounced differences (e.g. A and B) in starting iterations, followed by relatively subtle differences (e.g. B1 and B2), providing a comprehensive clustering trajectory.

Availability and implementation
iterClust is implemented as a Bioconductor R package.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Young Workers and Age Discrimination: Tensions and Conflicts
Authors: Blackham Alysia 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Young workers occupy a particularly vulnerable position in the contemporary labour market. While this may partly be attributable to structural trends, it is also related to age discrimination, which is embedded in labour law and organisational practices. Age discrimination against younger workers raises many of the same tensions as age discrimination against older workers. This article therefore calls for a reconsideration of how we frame and conceive age discrimination law.
Postoperative Cervical Sagittal Realignment Improves Patient-Reported Outcomes in Chronic Atlantoaxial Anterior Dislocation
Authors: Zhong Junlong , Pan Zhimin , Chen Yiwei , Yao Haoqun , Cheng Zujue , Liu Quanfei , Zeng Zhaoxun , Li Zhiyun , Duan Pingguo , Chen Jiangwei , Li Hu , Huang Sheng , Han Zhimin , Kim Keung Nyun , Ha Yoon , Cao Kai 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Chronic atlantoaxial anterior dislocation (AAD) not only results in myelopathy, but dislocation-related kyphosis also results in cervical malalignment, which permanently affects neck function and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of kyphotic correction on realigning cervical spine and independent cervical alignment parameters, which may be correlated with an improvement of PROs.

METHODS
The study included 21 patients with chronic AAD-related kyphosis who underwent C1-2 reduction and correction surgery. Radiographic parameters were measured to assess cervical realignment preoperatively and postoperatively. Neck disability index (NDI), short form 12 physical component summary (SF-12 PCS), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were recorded to reveal changes in PROs. The independent parameters correlated with the improvements of PROs were analyzed.

RESULTS
Of the radiographic parameters, the C1-2 Cobb angle, the C2-7 Cobb angle, thoracic inlet angle, cervical tilt, and T1 slope were significantly changed from −4.0° ± 16.2°, −29.2° ± 11.2°, 73.1° ± 13.3°, 30.4° ± 8.5°, and 29.1° ± 8.8° preoperatively to −13.5° ± 8.1° (P = .005), −18.0° ± 12.0° (P < .001), 67.1° ± 11.6° (P = .042), 23.1° ± 10.3° (P = .007), and 24.0° ± 7.0° (P = .011) at last follow-up, respectively. NDI, JOA, and SF-12 PCS scores were significantly improved postoperatively. The C1-2 Cobb angle was an independent parameter correlated with the improvements in SF-12 PCS, NDI, and JOA scores.

CONCLUSION
Correction and reduction surgery can realign cervical spine in chronic AAD patients. The C1-2 Cobb angle was an independent parameter correlated with the improvements of PROs.