bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EL Properties and Exciton Dynamics of High‐Performance Doping‐Free Hybrid WOLEDs Based on 4P‐NPD/Bepp2 Heterojunction as Blue Emitter
Authors: Chen Yuwen , Sun Qian , Dai Yanfeng , Yang Dezhi , Qiao Xianfeng , Ma Dongge 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt is well known that one of the major challenges facing white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) has been to achieve high efficiency, low efficiency roll‐off, and high color rendering index (CRI) simultaneously. A simple charge‐ and exciton‐confining emitting layer structure formed by employing a blue emitting p/n heterojunction, and combined with red, yellow, and green phosphorescent ultrathin layers, is presented, thus realizing the stable utilization of 100% excitons. The resulting hybrid WOLEDs exhibit the maximum forward‐viewing external quantum efficiency and power efficiency of 23.4% and 50.4 lm W−1, and keep them at 20.3% and 31.2 lm W−1 at 1000 cd m−2, showing high efficiency and low efficiency roll‐off. Furthermore, the device also shows extremely stable electroluminescent spectra in the whole luminance range with a high CRI of 93 and the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.49, 0.43) at 1000 cd m−2, which is perfect warm white for indoor lighting. The achievement of the excellent comprehensive performances is the best result reported to date among the conventional blue fluorescence‐based hybrid WOLEDs possessing such high CRI, which may be a new starting point for further research on high‐performance hybrid WOLEDs.
Extended “Adsorption–Insertion” Model: A New Insight into the Sodium Storage Mechanism of Hard Carbons
Authors: Sun Ning , Guan Zhaoruxin , Liu Yuwen , Cao Yuliang , Zhu Qizhen , Liu Huan , Wang Zhaoxiang , Zhang Peng , Xu Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHard carbons (HCs) are promising anodes of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high capacity, abundance, and low cost. However, the sodium storage mechanism of HCs remains unclear with no consensus in the literature. Here, based on the correlation between the microstructure and Na storage behavior of HCs synthesized over a wide pyrolysis temperature range of 600–2500 °C, an extended “adsorption–insertion” sodium storage mechanism is proposed. The microstructure of HCs can be divided into three types with different sodium storage mechanisms. The highly disordered carbon, with d002 (above 0.40 nm) large enough for sodium ions to freely transfer in, has a “pseudo‐adsorption” sodium storage mechanism, contributing to sloping capacity above 0.1 V, together with other conventional “defects” (pores, edges, heteroatoms, etc.). The pseudo‐graphitic carbon (d‐spacing in 0.36–0.40 nm) contributes to the low‐potential (<0.1 V) plateau capacity through “interlayer insertion” mechanism, with a theoretical capacity of 279 mAh g−1 for NaC8 formation. The graphite‐like carbon with d002 below 0.36 nm is inaccessible for sodium ion insertion. The extended “adsorption–insertion” model can accurately explain the dependence of the sodium storage behavior of HCs with different microstructures on the pyrolysis temperature and provides new insight into the design of HC anodes for SIBs.
Clinical outcomes of single‐site laparoscopic interval appendectomy for severe complicated appendicitis: Comparison to conventional emergency appendectomy
Authors: Miyo Masaaki , Urabe Shoichiro , Hyuga Satoshi , Nakagawa Tomo , Michiura Toshiya , Hayashi Nobuyasu , Yamabe Kazuo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimSingle‐site laparoscopic interval appendectomy (SLIA) for severe complicated appendicitis after conservative treatment (CT) to ameliorate inflammation and eradicate the abscess should be safer and less invasive than emergency appendectomy (EA). However, only a few reports have been published regarding SLIA.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on 264 consecutive patients admitted to Kinan Hospital for treatment of appendicitis between 2012 and 2018. The safety and feasibility of SLIA and its perioperative outcomes for severe complicated appendicitis were investigated.ResultsA total of 61 patients were included in this study, 25 of whom underwent CT and 36 EA. Among the 25 patients who underwent CT, 23 (92.0%) succeeded; a total of 16 patients (69.5%) underwent SLIA. Compared to the EA group, the SLIA group had less bleeding (median volume 8.5 vs 50 mL, P = .005) and lower rate of expansion surgery (0% vs 27.8%, P = .022). Although the postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the SLIA group than in the EA group (9 vs 12 days, P = .008), the total hospital stay, including the CT period, was longer in the SLIA group than in the EA group (24 vs 12 days, P < .001).ConclusionSLIA is safe, feasible, and less invasive than EA and may provide the advantages of minimally invasive surgery even if appendicitis is severe. SLIA may be a promising option for complicated appendicitis in select cases despite its disadvantage of prolonging the hospital stay.
Differential perception and tolerance of chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms as a confounder of gender‐disparate disease burden
Authors: Phillips Katie M. , Bergmark Regan W. , Hoehle Lloyd P. , Shu Edina T. , Caradonna David S. , Gray Stacey T. , Sedaghat Ahmad R. 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundPrevious studies have consistently shown that females with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have a greater CRS symptom burden than males with CRS. Our objective was to determine whether differential disease perception could explain this phenomenon.MethodsA total of 500 participants (239 males, 261 females) with CRS were recruited. CRS symptom burden was assessed with the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22). General health‐related quality of life was assessed with the visual analog scale of the 5‐dimensional EuroQol questionnaire (EQ‐5D VAS). Participants were asked to rate their CRS symptom control as “Not at all,” “A little,” “Somewhat,” “Very,” and “Completely.” “Not at all,” “A little,” and “Somewhat” controlled symptoms were considered to reflect poorly controlled symptoms.ResultsSNOT‐22 score was significantly more severe (p < 0.001) among females (mean, 44.0; standard deviation [SD], 22.5) than males (mean, 36.3; SD, 20.2). However, there was no significant difference in male‐ vs female‐reported CRS symptom control (p = 0.154). In addition, there was no significant difference (p = 0.109) in EQ‐5D VAS score between males (mean, 70.9; SD, 19.0) and females (mean, 68.4; SD, 19.5). Although a SNOT‐22 score of ≥25 was predictive of poorly controlled symptoms in males (sensitivity, 82.6%; specificity, 62.5%), a SNOT‐22 score of ≥30 was predictive of poorly controlled symptoms in women (sensitivity, 82.4%; specificity, 64.5%).ConclusionFemales with CRS reported more severe SNOT‐22 scores, despite reporting a similar level of symptom control and general health‐related quality of life as men. Women had a higher SNOT‐22 threshold for poorly controlled symptoms. Female CRS patients may have greater perception and tolerance of CRS symptoms without a corresponding significant, disparate downstream impairment.
Das Potential von Molybdänkomplexen mit unsubstituierten heterodiatomaren Gruppe‐15‐Elementen als Linker in der supramolekularen Chemie
Authors: Elsayed Moussa Mehdi , Seidl Michael , Balázs Gábor , Hautmann Matthias , Scheer Manfred 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDie Reaktion von tetraedrischen Molybdän‐Komplexen mit unsubstituierten heterodiatomaren Gruppe‐15‐Elementen [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(μ,η2:η2‐PE)] (Cp=C5H5, E=As (1), Sb (2)) mit CuI‐Halogeniden ergab sieben präzedenzlose, neutrale Supramoleküle. In Abhängigkeit von den Mo2PE‐Einheiten und den CuI‐Halogeniden werden die Oligomere [⟨{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η2:η1‐PE}⟩4⟨{CuX}{Cu(μ‐X)}⟩2] (E=As (X=Cl (3), Br (4)); E=Sb (X=Cl (6), Br (7))) oder die 1D‐Koordinationspolymere [{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η1:η1‐PAs}{Cu(μ‐I)}]n (5) und [{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η2:η1‐PSb}2{Cu(μ‐X)}3]n (X=I (8), Br (9)) erhalten. Diese Festkörper‐Aggregate sind die ersten und einzigen Beispiele, die über die metallorganischen heterodiatomaren Mo2PE‐Komplexe 1 und 2 als Verbindungseinheiten verfügen. DFT‐Rechnungen zeigen, dass die Komplexe 1 und 2 eine neue Klasse von gemischten Donorliganden darstellen, die an CuI‐Zentren über das freie P‐Elektronenpaar und die P‐E‐Sigma‐Bindung koordinieren und dabei eine bisher nicht beobachtete Koordinationsform aufweisen.
Regulating Transition‐Metal Catalysis through Interference by Short RNAs
Authors: Green Sydnee A. , Montgomery Hayden R. , Benton Tyler R. , Chan Neil J. , Nelson Hosea M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHerein we report the discovery of a AuI–DNA hybrid catalyst that is compatible with biological media and whose reactivity can be regulated by small complementary nucleic acid sequences. The development of this catalytic system was enabled by the discovery of a novel AuI‐mediated base pair. We found that AuI binds DNA containing C‐T mismatches. In the AuI–DNA catalyst's latent state, the AuI ion is sequestered by the mismatch such that it is coordinatively saturated, rendering it catalytically inactive. Upon addition of an RNA or DNA strand that is complementary to the latent catalyst's oligonucleotide backbone, catalytic activity is induced, leading to a sevenfold increase in the formation of a fluorescent product, forged through a AuI‐catalyzed hydroamination reaction. Further development of this catalytic system will expand not only the chemical space available to synthetic biological systems but also allow for temporal and spatial control of transition‐metal catalysis through gene transcription.
A Double‐Armed, Hydrophilic Transition Metal Complex as a Paramagnetic NMR Probe
Authors: Miao Qing , Liu Wei‐Min , Kock Thomas , Blok Anneloes , Timmer Monika , Overhand Mark , Ubbink Marcellus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSynthetic metal complexes can be used as paramagnetic probes for the study of proteins and protein complexes. Herein, two transition metal NMR probes (TraNPs) are reported. TraNPs are attached through two arms to a protein to generate a pseudocontact shift (PCS) using cobalt(II), or paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) with manganese(II). The PCS analysis of TraNPs attached to three different proteins shows that the size of the anisotropic component of the magnetic susceptibility depends on the probe surroundings at the surface of the protein, contrary to what is observed for lanthanoid‐based probes. The observed PCS are relatively small, making cobalt‐based probes suitable for localized studies, such as of an active site. The obtained PREs are stronger than those obtained with nitroxide spin labels and the possibility to generate both PCS and PRE offers advantages. The properties of TraNPs in comparison with other cobalt‐based probes are discussed.
Red/Near‐Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence OLEDs with Near 100 % Internal Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Chen Jia‐Xiong , Tao Wen‐Wen , Chen Wen‐Cheng , Xiao Ya‐Fang , Wang Kai , Cao Chen , Yu Jia , Li Shengliang , Geng Feng‐Xia , Adachi Chihaya , Lee Chun‐Sing , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDeveloping red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, attainable for both high‐efficient red organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and non‐doped deep red/near‐infrared (NIR) OLEDs, is challenging. Now, two red emitters, BPPZ‐PXZ and mDPBPZ‐PXZ, with twisted donor–acceptor structures were designed and synthesized to study molecular design strategies of high‐efficiency red TADF emitters. BPPZ‐PXZ employs the strictest molecular restrictions to suppress energy loss and realizes red emission with a photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL) of 100±0.8 % and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 25.2 % in a doped OLED. Its non‐doped OLED has an EQE of 2.5 % owing to unavoidable intermolecular π–π interactions. mDPBPZ‐PXZ releases two pyridine substituents from its fused acceptor moiety. Although mDPBPZ‐PXZ realizes a lower EQE of 21.7 % in the doped OLED, its non‐doped device shows a superior EQE of 5.2 % with a deep red/NIR emission at peak of 680 nm.
Biological activity of hydroxyapatite/poly(methylmethacrylate) bone cement with different surface morphologies and modifications for induced osteogenesis
Authors: Che Youlu , Min Shan , Wang Mohong , Rao Minyu , Quan Changyun 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAlthough having advantages such as good mechanical property and rapid curing, the poor absorption and biological activity of hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement limits its clinical application. Therefore, it is of vital importance to improve the integration and the biological activity of HA/PMMA bone cement. In this study, spherical and rod‐like HA/PMMA bone cement with different content of P(MMA‐co‐MPS) were chosen to enhance its interface bioactivity. The content of P(MMA‐co‐MPS) on the surface of HA was 12, 30, 15, and 28%, respectively, corresponding to 0.3 r‐HA, 1.5 r‐HA, 0.3 s‐HA, and 1.5 s‐HA, whose calcium‐to‐phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios were 1.62, 1.5, 1.65, and 1.53, respectively, and were confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy. From scanning electron microscope, we found that the spherical HA (s‐HA) promotes the biomineralization on the surface of PMMA than rod‐like HA (r‐HA). In addition, cell experiments in vitro showed that s‐HA/PMMA with lower modification degree (0.3) of P(MMA‐co‐MPS) results in more cell adhesion and more evenly distributed on surface spreading while observed under laser confocal microscope. Meanwhile, in vitro, cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity indicated that s‐HA/PMMA bone cement promotes early osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in a deeper extent than r‐HA/PMMA, demonstrating that 0.3 s‐HA/PMMA provides a favorable theoretical basis for the further clinical application of HA/PMMA bone cement as an optimized bone repair material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48188.
Silver‐plated polyamide fabrics with high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness performance prepared by in situ reduction of polydopamine and chemical silvering
Authors: Lu Yawen , He Yin , Li Yafang , Xue Jie , Liu Hao , Cheng Bowen , Li Xiaojiu 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, the silver‐plated polyamide fabrics (SPPAFs) with high electroconductibility and shielding effectiveness were fabricated by using in situ reduction of polydopamine and chemical silvering. The effects of SPPAFs dopamine (C8H11O2N) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration on surface resistivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness were studied. The results showed that the surface resistivity of SPPAFs can reach a minimum value of 0.06 ± 0.014 Ω cm−1, when C8H11O2N concentration is 4 g L−1 and the AgNO3 concentration is 120 g L−1. The shielding effectiveness of SPPAFs in the wide frequency range of 10–3000 MHz increases with the increase in the concentration of AgNO3, and increases first and stabilizes afterward with increasing C8H11O2N concentration. When the concentration of C8H11O2N and AgNO3 is 3 and 120 g L−1, respectively, mean shielding effectiveness values in the low‐, medium‐, and high‐frequency bands are 71.3, 73.8, and 76.1 dB, respectively. Moreover, the mean shielding effectiveness values is 83.79 dB in the frequency range of 1.2–2.3 GHz. The dominant shielding mechanism of SPPAFs is the reflected electromagnetic waves and the absorption shielding effectiveness is less than 2 dB. The average electromagnetic shielding values of SPPAFs are above 67 dB after 16 weeks of storage, when C8H11O2N concentration is 4 g L−1 and the AgNO3 concentration is 80 and 100 g L−1. The prepared SPPAFs show promising applications in military textiles and smart wearable clothing. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48227.
Direct use of Brazilian banknotes residue for the production of reinforced composites based on low‐density polyethylene
Authors: Gil Camila Silva Brey , Boaventura Tulio Pacheco , de Paula Fabiano Gomes Ferreira , de Castro Mateus Carvalho Monteiro , Oréfice Rodrigo Lambert 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, banknotes residues were used to prepare reinforced low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. First, the banknotes residues were crushed into fibers and then it was added in the polymeric matrix using different weight ratios (1–20 wt %). The composites were prepared by melt compounding, followed by injection molding. Afterward, the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and tensile tests. The FTIR showed physical interaction between fibers and the polymer matrix. In comparison with pure LDPE, improved mechanical properties were achieved for the composites containing 5–20 wt % of fibers (i.e., increase of 83% when 20% of fibers were used), with an increase in the tensile strength and Young's modulus, and a decrease in the elongation percentage. The results illustrate that the banknotes residues can be used for reinforcement of hydrophobic polymers without the need of any chemical modification or addition of compatibilizing agents. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48232.
Silane‐functionalized graphene oxide/epoxy resin nanocomposites: Dielectric and thermal studies
Authors: Abdel Rehim Mona , Turky Gamal 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTImproved dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) in the epoxy resin, as nanofiller, requires surface modification. Hence, functionalization of GO with small silane (GONSi) and bulky silane moieties (GOSi) has been carried out. Structural confirmation analysis of the prepared GO and modified forms have been performed using different analytical techniques. Cationic photocuring polymerization of pure aliphatic epoxy resin (CE) and loaded samples with GO, GOSi, or GONSi in amounts 0.5 and 1 wt % has been followed by FTIR. Loading of CE showed a passive effect for the modified filler on the conversion of the CE during photocuring, whereas the thermal stability of loaded epoxy resin is enhanced. Dielectric properties investigations revealed that the insulation feature of CE is not seriously reduced by the addition of GO or its modified forms. The secondary relaxation β process originating from the fluctuations of the side functional hydroxyl group can be described by the semi‐empirical Cole–Cole function. The dielectric loss values are decreasing in the order GONSi > GOSi > GO > CE. Furthermore, it was found that the activation energy of the dynamic process is related to the conversion and to the ratio of the modified filler. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48253.
Alginate biofilms plasticized with hydrophilic and hydrophobic plasticizers for application in food packaging
Authors: Paixão Louryval Coelho , Lopes Ilmar Alves , Barros Filho Allan Kardec Duailibe , Santana Audirene Amorim 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBiofilms are defined as flexible films prepared from biological materials such as proteins or polysaccharides, which act as barriers to external elements and can consequently protect the products and increase their shelf life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic plasticizers and mixtures thereof in the characterization of alginate biofilms. Films plasticized with glycerol were less hygroscopic than films plasticized with TC (tributyl citrate) or with TC/glycerol mixtures. The presence of TC in the plasticization of the films turn them more hygroscopic, thus confirming their excellent performance in protecting against dissolution and in water vapor permeability. Films plasticized with pure TC were the least water‐soluble and showed the higher tensile stress, having a globular microstructure, which was attenuated as the TC was partially substituted by glycerol, making the structure more compact but not as homogenous as films containing only glycerol as the plasticizer. Films plasticized with pure TC and with TC/glycerol mixtures were opaque and showed only one glass transition temperature (Tg). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48263.
Spray coating thin polymeric sensor films for Au3+
Authors: Chansri Prangtip , Wanno Banchob , Keawwangchai Somchai , Tuntulani Thawatchai , Pulpoka Buncha , Kaewtong Chatthai 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA novel polymeric sensor of the poly(sodium‐4‐styrenesulfonate) (PSS)‐modified rhodamine B derivative (Rho) was synthesized using 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N,N′‐dimethylpyridin‐4‐amine (DMAP) as coupling reagents to obtain PSS‐Rho4 in 21% yield. The characterization and “Off–On” sensing phenomena were established through UV–Vis, fluorescence, NMR, and FTIR techniques. The PSS‐Rho4 showed high selectivity and sensitivity for Au3+ over other metal ions. Upon the addition of Au3+, significant color change and “Off–On” fluorescence were observed due to a cation Au3+ induced spirolactam ring‐opening process with detection limit down to micromolar values (1.2 μM). In addition, spray coating thin polymeric sensor films were produced onto the surface of material (PSS‐Rho4‐ITO and PSS‐Rho4‐filtered paper) providing a fast, portable, and easy‐to‐use molecular device for the detection of Au3+ in the real system. Reversibility was evaluated by rinsing with EDTA solution under basic condition. We believe that, this approach provides a sensitive and accurate method for the detection of Au3+ in environmental and biological applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48273.
An unexpected host for the endangered giant freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793) as a conservation tool
Authors: Soler Joaquín , Boisneau Catherine , Jugé Philippe , Richard Nina , Guerez Yann , Morisseau Laure , Wantzen Karl Matthias , Araujo Rafael 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The giant freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera auricularia (GFPM) is one of the most endangered bivalve species in the world. Originally occurring in many European rivers, the GFPM is a relict now restricted to a few ageing populations in France and Spain in which natural reproduction is almost absent.
Like most unionoid mussels, the GFPM needs host fish for the development of their parasitic larvae (glochidia). The European sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), the only known native host fish of the GFPM in France, is essentially extinct. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify other hosts that could be responsible for the few cases of recent recruitment.
Natural infestation of wild fishes in three French rivers was assessed to identify potential hosts of M. auricularia, while artificial infestation experiments were conducted on the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the wels catfish (Silurus glanis) to determine their compatibility as hosts.
Among the 29 fish species assessed for natural infestation, only the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) carried M. auricularia glochidia. In the artificial infestation experiments, living juvenile mussels were collected from both P. marinus and S. glanis. The number of juveniles collected from a single P. marinus specimen (13,827) suggests that this species is a highly efficient host. As with previously known hosts, newly identified ones also appear to have a relationship with marine environments.
The present findings suggest that P. marinus has played a key role in preventing the total extinction of M. auricularia in France, and indicate the potential use of P. marinus in conservation strategies aimed at reintroducing or stabilizing populations of this rare mollusc.