bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Private Rooms, Semi-Open Areas, or Open Areas for Chemotherapy Care: Perspectives of Cancer Patients, Families, and Nursing Staff
Authors: Wang Zhe , Pukszta Michael 
Published: February 2018

Objective: This research aims to better understand the needs and preferences of cancer outpatients, their families, and nursing staff with regard to private rooms, semi-open areas, or open areas for ambulatory cancer care. Background: Environments for cancer chemotherapy care are outpatient settings, and recommendations based on findings regarding inpatient settings may not be appropriate. Users of chemotherapy treatment environments include cancer patients, their families, and nursing staff. Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted in an academic cancer center in Louisiana. The participants included 171 cancer patients, 145 family members, and 16 nursing staff members. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze the data. Participants’ environmental preferences were compared using analysis of variance. Reasons for preferences were analyzed through key word and content analysis. Results: Semi-open areas were preferred by the staff, whereas the three types of treatment environments were equally popular among both patients and families (preferred by 29%/28%/27% of the participants). Female patients and patients receiving longer periods of treatment per occurrence were more likely to prefer private rooms ( p < .05). Three common reasons for preferences were needs for privacy, social interaction, and patient–nurse access. Additional reasons for patient and family preferences included needs for sleep, openness, and access to nature. A shared environment of chemotherapy care was suggested to be appropriate for four to seven patients to occupy. Conclusion: Multiple types of treatment environments should be provided in chemotherapy care to incorporate varied user needs. Privacy, social interaction, patient–nurse access, and access to nature should be considered during the design of environments for cancer chemotherapy.
Impact of histologic chorioamnionitis on pulmonary hypertension and respiratory outcomes in preterm infants
Authors: Yum Sook Kyung , Kim Min‐Sung , Kwun Yoojin , Moon Cheong‐Jun , Youn Young‐Ah , Sung In Kyung 
Published: February 2018

We aimed to evaluate the association between the presence of histologic chorioamnionitis (HC) and development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay. Data of preterm infants born at 32 weeks of gestation or less were reviewed. The development of PH and other respiratory outcomes were compared according to the presence of HC. Potential risk factors associated with the development of PH during NICU stay were used for multivariable logistic regression analysis. A total of 188 infants were enrolled: 72 in the HC group and 116 in the no HC group. The HC group infants were born at a significantly shorter gestational age and lower birthweight, with a greater proportion presenting preterm premature rupture of membrane (pPROM) > 18 h before delivery. More infants in the HC group developed pneumothorax (P = 0.008), and moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). PH in the HC group was significantly more frequent compared to the no HC group (25.0% versus 8.6%, P = 0.002). Based on a multivariable logistic regression analysis, birthweight (P = 0.009, odds ratio [OR] = 0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.995–0.999), the presence of HC (P = 0.047, OR = 2.799, 95% CI = 1.014–7.731), and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) > 14 days (P = 0.015, OR = 8.036, 95% CI = 1.051–43.030) were significant factors. The presence of HC and prolonged invasive MV in infants with lower birthweight possibly synergistically act against preterm pulmonary outcomes and leads to the development of PH. Verification of this result and further investigation to establish effective strategies to prevent or ameliorate these adverse outcomes are needed.
Implementation of laparoscopic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer over the past decade
Authors: Wollinga Tim , Ezendam Nicole P. M. , Eggink Florine A. , Smink Marieke , van Hamont Dennis , Pijlman Brenda , Boss Erik , Robbe Elisabeth J. , Ngo Huy , Boll Dorry , Mom Constantijne H. , van der Aa Maaike A. , Kruitwagen Roy F. L. P. , Nijman Hans W. , Pijnenborg Johanna M. A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) for the treatment of early-stage endometrial carcinoma/cancer (EC) has demonstrated to be safe in several randomized controlled trials. Yet, data on implementation of LH in clinical practice are limited. In the present study, implementation of LH for EC was evaluated in a large oncology network in the Netherlands.

Results
Retrospectively, a total of 556 EC patients with FIGO stage I-II were registered in the selected years. The proportion of LH gradually increased from 11% in 2006 to 85% in 2015. LH was more often performed in patients with low-grade EC and was not related to the studied patient characteristics. The introduction of TLH was frequently preceded by LAVH. Patients treated in teaching hospitals were more likely to undergo a LH compared to patients in non-teaching hospitals. The conversion rate was 7.7%, and the overall complication rates between LH and AH were comparable, but less postoperative complications in LH.

Conclusions
Implementation of laparoscopic hysterectomy for early-stage EC increased from 11 to 85% in 10 years. Implementation of TLH was often preceded by LAVH and was faster in teaching hospitals.
Higher frequency of hamstring injuries in elite track and field athletes who had a previous injury to the ankle ‐ a 17 years observational cohort study
Authors: Malliaropoulos Nikolaos , Bikos Georgios , Meke Maria , Vasileios Korakakis , Valle Xavier , Lohrer Heinz , Maffulli Nicola , Padhiar Nat 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundInversion injury to the ankle and hamstring injuries are common problems in most sports. It is not known whether these injuries constitute a predisposing factor or a precursor of injury or re‐injury of these anatomical locations. Therefore, we wished to test the hypothesis that a previous inversion ankle injury exerted a significant effect on the chance of an athlete suffering from a subsequent ipsilateral hamstring injury and vice versa.MethodsIn an observational cohort study over 17 years (1998–2015), 367 elite track and field athletes, were grouped according to their first traumatic isolated ankle or hamstring injury. Fifty athletes experienced both injuries. The Mann‐Whitney U and Chi‐square tests (p < 0.05) were performed to test possible associations of ankle and hamstring injury with age, gender, athletics discipline, grade, and type of antecedent injury.ResultsAthletes with a preceding ankle injury had a statistically significantly higher chance of experiencing a subsequent hamstring injury compared with athletes who had experienced a hamstring injury as their first traumatic event (x2 = 4.245, p = 0.039). The proportion of both ankle and hamstring injury events was not statistically different between female (18%) and male (11%) athletes. Age and grade of injury did not influence the proportion of ankle and/or hamstring injury events.ConclusionThere is a statistically significantly higher frequency of hamstring injuries in elite track and field athletes having experienced a previous ankle ligament injury.
An assessment of multimodal imaging of subsurface text in mummy cartonnage using surrogate papyrus phantoms
Authors: Gibson Adam , Piquette Kathryn E. , Bergmann Uwe , Christens-Barry William , Davis Graham , Endrizzi Marco , Fan Shuting , Farsiu Sina , Fitzgerald Anthony , Griffiths Jennifer , Jones Cerys , Li Guorong , Manning Phillip L. , Maughan Jones Charlotte , Mazza Roberta , Mills David , Modregger Peter , Munro Peter R. T. , Olivo Alessandro , Stevenson Alice , Venugopal Bindia , Wallace Vincent , Wogelius Roy A. , Toth Michael B. , Terras Melissa 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Ancient Egyptian mummies were often covered with an outer casing, panels and masks made from cartonnage: a lightweight material made from linen, plaster, and recycled papyrus held together with adhesive. Egyptologists, papyrologists, and historians aim to recover and read extant text on the papyrus contained within cartonnage layers, but some methods, such as dissolving mummy casings, are destructive. The use of an advanced range of different imaging modalities was investigated to test the feasibility of non-destructive approaches applied to multi-layered papyrus found in ancient Egyptian mummy cartonnage. Eight different techniques were compared by imaging four synthetic phantoms designed to provide robust, well-understood, yet relevant sample standards using modern papyrus and replica inks. The techniques include optical (multispectral imaging with reflection and transillumination, and optical coherence tomography), X-ray (X-ray fluorescence imaging, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray micro computed tomography and phase contrast X-ray) and terahertz-based approaches. Optical imaging techniques were able to detect inks on all four phantoms, but were unable to significantly penetrate papyrus. X-ray-based techniques were sensitive to iron-based inks with excellent penetration but were not able to detect carbon-based inks. However, using terahertz imaging, it was possible to detect carbon-based inks with good penetration but with less sensitivity to iron-based inks. The phantoms allowed reliable and repeatable tests to be made at multiple sites on three continents. The tests demonstrated that each imaging modality needs to be optimised for this particular application: it is, in general, not sufficient to repurpose an existing device without modification. Furthermore, it is likely that no single imaging technique will to be able to robustly detect and enable the reading of text within ancient Egyptian mummy cartonnage. However, by carefully selecting, optimising and combining techniques, text contained within these fragile and rare artefacts may eventually be open to non-destructive imaging, identification, and interpretation.
Improvement of immune response after radiofrequency ablation in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Lemdani Katia , Mignet Nathalie , Seguin Johanne , Peschaud Frederique , Emile Jean-François , Boudy Vincent , Capron Claude , Malafosse Robert 
Published: February 2018

102 Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) efficiency of liver tumors is compromised by high rates of relapse. Death of cancer cells by hyperthermia induced tumor antigen releasing, expression of danger signals that activate a specific T-cell response. This effect is ineffective to avoid recurrence. We propose to combine RFA with priming of a strong immune antitumor response as curative treatment of an aggressive colorectal cancer (CRC) in immunocompetent mouse. Methods: RFA was used to treat a CT26- luc tumor as primary lesion. In two distinct clinical situations, macroscopic or microscopic distant tumors were established as secondary lesions. The immune response was modulated by the injection, in the treated area, of a thermo-reversible hydrogel loaded by GM-CSF and BCG, targeting recruitment and maturation of dendritic cells. In mice with far large lesions, this strategy was combined with PD1checkpoint inhibition. The efficiency was assessed on survival, evolution of distant lesions, characterization of tumoral lymphocyte infiltration TNF-α and IFN-y expression in peripheral T lymphocytes. Results: The in situ immunogel injection after RFA resulted in prolonged survival of mice. Regression of distant lesions was related to the induction of a strong systemic antitumor immune response and a great improvement of tumor infiltration by CD3+ T lymphocytes. In adjuvant situation, the use of immunogel induced a complete cure of microscopic secondary lesions without another treatment. Immune escape of large secondary lesions was reversed by association of the RFA-immunogel vaccination with a systemic immune checkpoint inhibition, separately ineffective. Conclusions: Validation of this strategy, combining RFA of macroscopic lesions and activation of a strong immune response controlling the residual disease, could result in the design of a clinical assay including this approach within a standard treatment of colorectal liver metastases. The synergy between in situ immunomodulation as priming process and checkpoint blockade, ineffective alone in metastatic microsatellite stable CRC or after single RFA, allows reconsidering the use of checkpoint inhibitors in CRC.
CD4, CD8 and PD1 immunoexpression in oral premalignant lesions (PML) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its association with malignant transformation.
Authors: Chaves Aline Lauda Freitas , Silva Ana Gabriela , Maia Flavia M , Lopes Gabriele F , Muniz Luciana V. , Soares Joao Marcos A. , Santos Helio B. , Barbosa Leandro A , Andrade Alexandre , Paula Luiz Fernando B , Loyola Adriano M , Murta Eddie F.C , Michellin Marcia A , Ribeiro Rosy I.M.A. 
Published: February 2018

113 Background: OSCC is a public health problem worldwide, mainly due to its advanced stage diagnosis. The late diagnosis is a nonsense problem in view of this neoplasia often begins as PML. Clinical, molecular and immunological factors have been associated with the cancerization process. Objective: evaluate clinical differences and immunohistochemistry expression of PD1, CD4 and CD8 in PML that transformed in OSCC (PML-OSCC) and PML that didn´t transformed in OSCC (PML-NOSSC). Methods: CD4, CD8 and PD1 immunohistochemistry studies were carried out on PML and OSCC samples of 11 patients with PML – OSCC and PML samples of 14 patients with PML-NOSCC. Statistical differences were analyzed between the two groups: PML-OSCC and PML-NOSCC. Results: Non-homogenous leukoplakia, tongue and lack of exposure to tobacco were associated with cancerization. PD1 strong immunoexpression were observed in 63.6% of PML and 90.9% of OSCC. There was no statistical difference CD4+ cells level in PML-OSCC and PML-NOSCC. A significant increase in CD8+ cells was noted in OSCC comparing with PML–OSCC (p = 0.05). CD8+ cells levels is higher in PML-NOSCC compared with PML-OSCC (p = 0.027). Conclusions: CD8+ cells infiltrate more PML-NOSCC than PML-OSCC. Carcinoma is more infiltrated by CD8+ cells than its associated premalignant lesion. The evolution of immune response from an immunosurveillance phase to editing, equilibrium, suppression and immuno-escape can be present in oral carcinogenesis process. Research Funding: FAPEMIG (Minas Gerais State Research Foundation).
Comparison of HPV E6,E7 mRNA/PD-L1 assay using flow cytometry and p16 IHC expression in oral cancer samples.
Authors: Carrasco Yvette , Chargin Amanda , Mirghani Haitham , Patterson Bruce Kendrick 
Published: February 2018

114 Background: Research into causality of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has found a link to HPV infections affiliated with better survival than tobacco associated HNSCC. Currently, p16 immunohistochemistry is used as a predictive biomarker for HPV infection in HNSCC. We were interested in looking at an additional biomarker, HPV E6,E7 mRNA overexpression by flow cytometry, to see if it correlated with p16 status. Each test looks at a different marker of HPV infection, p16 as a surrogate of E7 activity, and E6,E7 mRNA overexpression as a marker of transcriptionally active and integrated virus. Currently p16 positive samples are confirmed with an ISH assay. Additionally, we looked at the PD-L1 expression in these tumors to see if it correlated with HPV mRNA overexpression. Advances in immuno-oncology have brought immunotherapy to the forefront of cancer treatment including HNSCC. Methods: Swabs were collected from Institut Gustave Roussy patients with lesions of the oral pharynx. Swabs were placed into a vial with a proprietary fixation solution and shipped overnight for processing. Upon receipt, samples were passed through a 35 uM filter to remove aggregates. Cells underwent in situ hybridization with E6, E7 mRNA probes (HPV OncoTect), were labeled with PD-L1 Ab, and then stained with a cell cycle dye identify single nucleated cells prior to analysis on the flow cytometer. FFPE biopsy tissue of the lesion was tested with p16 IHC. Positive samples were confirmed by ISH. Results: We analyzed samples from 27 patients with oral cancer with the combined E6, E7 mRNA/PD-L1 assay by flow cytometry and p16/ISH. Concordance between HPV E6,E7 mRNA positive results and p16 positive confirmed by ISH was 74%. Interestingly, PD-L1 expression was seen only in samples without HPV infection (according to HPV E6,E7 mRNA flow result). Samples are still being accrued and updated data will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: Here we report a novel assay to quantify both HPV E6, E7 mRNA and PD-L1 simultaneously in single cells from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the ability to characterize both E6,E7 mRNA expression and PD-L1 in one test can provide clinicians with insight into treatment options.
Effect of therapeutic vaccine on CTLA4 and tumor debulking response in recurrent and metastatic HNSCC.
Authors: Chindavijak Somjin , Har-Noy Michael , Lausoontornsiri Wirote 
Published: February 2018

115 Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with multiple immune suppression and avoidance mechanisms . Blocking the PD-1 signal axis in second line provides a significant survival advantage compared to chemotherapy. However, checkpoint blockade efficacy is limited to the subset of patients that present with tumors highly infiltrated with effector immune cells. We investigated a novel vaccine designed to increase the infiltration of tumor-specific effector cells and counter-regulate the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Methods: Pre-treated r/m HNSCC patients with externally visible tumors were accrued. Tumor biopsy samples were processed at baseline to purify endogenous chaperones with calreticulin, hsp70, hsp90 and gr94/gp96 (CRCL) as a source of tumor neoantigen. Ex-vivo differentiated, allogeneic Th1 memory cells with CD3/CD28-coated microbeads attached (aTh1) expressing CD40L and IFN-gamma served as adjuvant. Subjects were primed with 4 weekly aTh1 ID injections to increase allo-specific Th1 memory titer. Primed subjects were provided 3 weekly ID injections of CRCL + aTh1 to increase tumor-specific Th1 memory titer followed by intravenous aTh1 in the 4th week to activate circulating memory cells through CD40-CD40L, causing their extravasation and trafficking to tumor lesions. Allo-rejection response produces a sustained Type 1 cytokine release which dys-regulates suppressor circuits. The ID/IV cycle was then repeated. Results: 10 subjects with recurrent or metastatic disease were accrued. All with prior radiochemotherapy. 50% (5/10) had clinical response with visible reduction in tumor burden. Vaccine was well tolerated. Debulking response correlated with increased CD3+ immune cell infiltration and decreased CTLA-4 expression. Conclusions: This individualized vaccine caused increased immune cell infiltration in tumors, down-regulation of CTLA4 and visible tumor debulking in a heavily pre-treated, chemotherapy-refractory population. These results provide rationale for further evaluation of this vaccine in a first-line setting with and without PD1/L1 blockade. Clinical trial information: NCT01998542.
Targeting CD19-negative relapsed B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia using trivalent CAR T cells.
Authors: Fousek Kristen , Watanabe Junji , George Ann , An Xingyue , Samaha Heba Samir , Navai Shoba Alaska , Byrd Tiara T , Jang Albert , Kim Hye Na , Joseph Sujith , Baker Matthew , Varadarajan Navin , Hegde Meenakshi G. , Kim Yong-Mi , Heisterkamp Nora , Abdel-Azim Hisham M. , Ahmed Nabil M. 
Published: February 2018

121 Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 have shown remarkable efficacy in treating relapsed B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, recent reports show that up to 40% of patients who relapse after CD19 CAR T cell therapy have CD19-negative disease, justifying a need to expand CAR T cell therapy for B-ALL to include additional tumor-associated antigens. We hypothesize that targeting CD19, CD20, and CD22 will improve B-ALL therapy outcomes and control disease progression during CD19-negative relapse. Methods: We designed two trivalent CAR T cell products with exodomains derived from single chain variable fragments (ScFv) targeting CD19, CD20, and CD22. Each CAR contains the 4-1BB and T-cell receptor zeta chains. Donor T cells were engineered to express the CARs using a retroviral system. We used primary CD19-negative relapsed bone marrow samples and CRISPR CD19 knockouts of primary ALL to model CD19 escape and standard cytotoxicity and immune assays to evaluate anti-tumor efficacy. Results: Due to the use of viral 2A sequences we detected near equal expression of each CAR by flow cytometry. The first T cell product expresses three CARs individually (TriCAR), and the second expresses a single CAR targeting CD19 and a second bi-specific CAR targeting CD20 and CD22 via a tandem arrangement (SideCAR). Using primary B-ALL cells, we observed that TriCAR and SideCAR T cells killed ALL cells more robustly than CD19 CAR T cells at low E:T ratios. Further, in ImageStream analysis of single cell interactions between CAR T cells and primary B-ALL cells, TriCAR T cells exhibited increased actin polymerization compared to CD19 CAR T cells, suggesting remodeling and increased cell activation. Finally, in multiple models of CD19 escape in primary ALL, we showed that trivalent CAR T cells mitigated CD19 negative relapse, producing IFN-γ/TNF-α and killing CD19-negative primary ALL, while CD19 CAR T cells remained ineffective. Conclusions: Trivalent CAR T cells effectively target primary ALL cells with varying antigen profiles and mitigate CD19-negative relapse. This strategy has the potential for use as an initial CAR therapy in relapsed ALL or a salvage therapy for patients with CD19-negative disease.