bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family history of alcohol use disorder is associated with brain
structural and functional changes in healthy first-degree relatives
Authors: Filippi Irina , Hoertel Nicolas , Artiges Eric , Airagnes Guillaume , Guérin-Langlois Christophe , Seigneurie Anne-Sophie , Frère Pauline , Dubol Manon , Guillon François , Lemaître Hervé , Rahim Mehdi , Martinot Jean-Luc , Limosin Frédéric 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Neuroimaging studies of vulnerability to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
have identified structural and functional variations which might reflect
inheritable features in alcohol-naïve relatives of AUD individuals (FH+)
compared to controls having no such family history (FH-). However, prior
research did not simultaneously account for childhood maltreatment, any
clinically significant disorder and maternal AUD. Therefore, we mainly
aimed to investigate the brain structure and reward-related neural
activations (fMRI), using whole-brain analysis in FH+ young adults with
no prevalent confounders.

Methods:
46 FH+ and 45 FH- male and female participants had no severe
childhood maltreatment exposure, neither any psychiatric disorder or
AUD, nor a prenatal exposure to maternal AUD. We used a 3 T MRI coupled
with a whole brain voxel-based method to compare between groups the grey
matter volumes and activations in response to big
versus small wins during a Monetary
Incentive Delay task. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score was used
as confounding variable in the analyses to account for the remaining
variance between groups.

Results:
Compared to FH- controls, FH+ participants had smaller grey matter
volumes in the frontal and cingulate regions as well as in the bilateral
nucleus accumbens and right insula. The FH+ participants’ fMRI datasets
denoted a blunted activation in the middle cingulum with respect to FH-
controls’ during the processing of reward magnitude, and a greater
activation in the anterior cingulum in response to anticipation of a
small win.

Conclusions:
Family history of alcohol use disorder is linked to structural and
functional variations including brain regions involved in reward
processes.
Thirty-six years of legal and illegal wildlife trade entering the USA
Authors: Bager Olsen Maria Therese , Geldmann Jonas , Harfoot Mike , Tittensor Derek P. , Price Becky , Sinovas Pablo , Nowak Katarzyna , Sanders Nathan J. , Burgess Neil D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe USA is the largest consumer of legally, internationally-traded wildlife. A proportion of this trade consists of species listed in the Appendices of CITES, and recorded in the CITES Trade Database. Using this resource, we quantified wildlife entering the USA for 82 of the most frequently recorded wildlife products and a range of taxonomic groups during 1979–2014. We examined trends in legal trade and seizures of illegally traded items over time, and relationships between trade and four national measures of biodiversity. We found that: (1) there is an overall positive relationship between legal imports and seizures; (2) Asia was the main region exporting CITES-listed wildlife products to the USA; (3) bears, crocodilians and other mammals (i.e. other than Ursidae, Felidae, Cetacea, Proboscidea, Primates or Rhinocerotidae) increased in both reported legal trade and seizures over time; (4) legal trade in live specimens was reported to be primarily from captive-produced, artificially-propagated or ranched sources, whereas traded meat was primarily wild sourced; (5) both seizures and legally traded items of felids and elephants decreased over time; and (6) volumes of both legally traded and seized species were correlated with four attributes of exporting countries: species endemism, species richness, number of IUCN threatened species, and country size. The goal of our analysis was to inform CITES decision-making and species conservation efforts.
Force of infection of Middle East respiratory syndrome in dromedary camels in Kenya
Authors: Gardner E. G. , Kiambi S. , Sitawa R. , Kelton D. , Kimutai J. , Poljak Z. , Tadesse Z. , Von Dobschuetz S. , Wiersma L. , Greer A. L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic disease transmitted from dromedary camels to people, which can result in outbreaks with human-to-human transmission. Because it is a subclinical infection in camels, epidemiological measures other than prevalence are challenging to assess. This study estimated the force of infection (FOI) of MERS-CoV in camel populations from age-stratified serological data. A cross-sectional study of MERS-CoV was conducted in Kenya from July 2016 to July 2017. Seroprevalence was stratified into four age groups: <1, 1–2, 2–3 and >3 years old. Age-independent and age-dependent linear and quadratic generalised linear models were used to estimate FOI in pastoral and ranching camel herds. Models were compared based on computed AIC values. Among pastoral herds, the age-dependent quadratic FOI was the best fit model, while the age-independent FOI was the best fit for the ranching herd data. FOI provides an indirect estimate of infection risk, which is especially valuable where direct estimates of incidence and other measures of infection are challenging to obtain. The FOIs estimated in this study provide important insight about MERS-CoV dynamics in the reservoir species, and contribute to our understanding of the zoonotic risks of this important public health threat.
Lack of in-home piped water and reported consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adults in rural Alaska
Authors: Mosites Emily , Seeman Sara , Fenaughty Andrea , Fink Karol , Eichelberger Laura , Holck Peter , Thomas Timothy K , Bruce Michael G , Hennessy Thomas W 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:To assess whether a community water service is associated with the frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption, obesity, or perceived health status in rural Alaska.Design:We examined the cross-sectional associations between community water access and frequency of SSB consumption, body mass index categories, and perceived health status using data from the 2013 and 2015 Alaska Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Participants were categorized by zip code to ‘in-home piped water service’ or ‘no in-home piped water service’ based on water utility data. We evaluated the univariable and multivariable (adjusting for age, household income and education) associations between water service and outcomes using log-linear survey-weighted generalized linear models.Setting:Rural Alaska, USA.Subjects:Eight hundred and eighty-seven adults, aged 25 years and older.Results:In unadjusted models, participants without in-home water reported consuming SSB more often than participants with in-home water (1·46, 95 % CI: 1·06, 2·00). After adjustment for potential confounders, the effect decreased but remained borderline significant (1·29, 95 % CI: 1·00, 1·67). Obesity was not significantly associated with water service but self-reported poor health was higher in those communities without in-home water (1·63, 95 % CI: 1·05, 2·54).Conclusions:Not having access to in-home piped water could affect behaviours surrounding SSB consumption and general perception of health in rural Alaska.
Reference gene and small RNA data from multiple tissues of Davidia involucrata Baill
Authors: Yang Hua , Zhou Chengran , Li Guolin , Wang Jing , Gao Ping , Wang Maolin , Wang Rui , Zhao Yun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDavidia involucrata Baill. is a rare plant endemic to China. Its exclusive evolutionary position and specific floral organs endow it with a high research value. However, a lack of genomic resources has constrained the study of D. involucrata functional genomics. Here, we report D. involucrata transcriptome reads from different floral tissues pooled from six individuals at two developmental stages using Illumina HiSeq technology and the construction of a high-quality reference gene set containing a total of 104,463 unigenes with an N50 of 1,693 bp and 48,529 high-quality coding sequences. The transcriptome data exhibited 89.24% full-length completeness with respect to the benchmarking universal single-copy (BUSCO) dataset and a PLAZA CoreGF weighted score of 98.85%. In total, 65,534 (62.73%) unigenes were functionally annotated, including 58 transcription factor families and 44,327 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). In addition, 96 known and 112 novel miRNAs were identified in the parallel small RNA sequencing of each sample. All these high-quality data could provide a valuable annotated gene set for subsequent studies of D. involucrata.
POPDC proteins and cardiac function
Authors: Brand Thomas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.
Fostering open collaboration in drug development for paediatric brain tumours
Authors: Wong Jong Fu , Brown Elizabeth J. , Williams Eleanor , Bullock Alex N. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Brain tumours have become the leading cause of child mortality from cancer. Indeed, aggressive brainstem tumours, such as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), are nearly uniformly fatal. These tumours display a unique set of driver mutations that distinguish them from adult gliomas and define new opportunity for the development of precision medicines. The specific association of ACVR1 mutations with DIPG tumours suggests a direct link to neurodevelopment and highlights the encoded bone morphogenetic protein receptor kinase ALK2 as a promising drug target. Beneficial effects of ALK2 inhibition have now been observed in two different in vivo models of DIPG. Nonetheless, such tumours present a huge challenge for traditional economic models of drug development due to their small market size, high failure rate, tumour location and paediatric population. Moreover, a toolkit of different investigational drugs may be needed to fully address the heterogeneity of these tumours in clinical trials. One new business model is suggested by M4K Pharma, a recent virtual start up that aims to align diffuse academic and industry research into a collaborative open science drug discovery programme. Fostering scientific collaboration may offer hope in rare conditions of dire unmet clinical need and provide an alternative route to affordable medicines.
Recent Developments in Direct C–H Functionalization of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones via Radical Addition Processes
Authors: Monika Monika , Selvakumar Sermadurai 
Published: September 2019

This review article covers the recent developments in direct C–H functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives via radical additions at the C3 position. Reaction types have been categorized depending on the kind of radical used, with representative examples and insightful mechanistic details provided.1	Introduction2	Reactions with Alkyl Radicals3	Reactions with Acyl Radicals4	Reactions with Aryl Radicals5	Reactions with Perfluoroalkyl Radicals6	Reactions with Alkoxycarbonyl Radicals7	Reactions with Nitrogen Radicals8	Reactions with Oxygen Radicals9	Reactions with Phosphorus Radicals10	Conclusion
Generics designate kinds but not always essences
Authors: Noyes Alexander , Keil Frank C. 
Published: September 2019

SignificanceHow people reason about “kinds” (richly structured categories with high inductive potential) is at the heart of theories of cognition. One theory characterizes people as biased to essentialize, concluding that people are biased to infer that kinds are naturally determined by internal properties (essences). Generic statements (“men like sports”) are purported to evoke this bias. We advance methods by contrasting beliefs that a category is a kind with beliefs that a category has essential structure. We reveal flexibility in the presence of generics: Across varied domains and property content, generic statements increased participants’ belief that a category is richly structured with high inductive potential. Generics caused essentialism in interaction with other cues (e.g., biological properties) that reasonably prompt essentialist explanation.
Optimal compressed sensing strategies for an array of nonlinear olfactory receptor neurons with and without spontaneous activity
Authors: Qin Shanshan , Li Qianyi , Tang Chao , Tu Yuhai 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Natural odors are typically mixtures of a few odorants from a large number of possible odorants, each with a broad distribution of concentrations. Here, we study how a relatively small number of neurons with a limited response range can optimize transmission of such high-dimensional sparse odor mixture information. For neurons without basal activity, we find that the optimal coding matrix is “sparse”—a fraction of ligand-receptor sensitivities are zero and the nonzero sensitivities follow a broad distribution matching the odor mixture statistics. We show that this maximum entropy code enhances performances of the downstream reconstruction and classification tasks. For neurons with a finite spontaneous activity, we show that introducing odor-evoked inhibition further enhances coding capacity.
Tunable spin and orbital polarization in SrTiO3-based heterostructures
Authors: Ho Cong Son , Kong Weilong , Yang Ming , Rusydi Andrivo , Jalil Mansoor B A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We formulate the effective Hamiltonian of Rashba spin–orbit coupling (RSOC) in

LaAlO

3

/

SrTiO

3

(LAO/STO) heterostructures. We derive analytical expressions of properties, e.g. Rashba parameter, effective mass, band edge energy and orbital occupancy, as functions of material and tunable heterostructure parameters. While linear RSOC is dominant around the Γ-point, cubic RSOC becomes significant at the higher-energy anti-crossing region. We find that linear RSOC stems from the structural inversion asymmetry (SIA), while the cubic term is induced by both SIA and bulk asymmetry. Furthermore, the SOC strength shows a striking dependence on the tunable heterostructure parameters such as STO thickness and the interfacial electric field which is ascribed to the quantum confinement effect near the LAO/STO interface. The calculated values of the linear and cubic RSOC are in agreement with previous experimental results.
Post-surgical hydropneumopericardium: a case report of dramatic increase in the apparent size of pericardial effusion with positional changes
Authors: Ali Yehia Z , Aung Htin , Doll Nathan J , Pislaru Sorin V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Pneumopericardium is an uncommon clinical finding. It most commonly occurs after chest trauma but can also emerge as a complication following interventional or surgical procedures and can result in life-threatening complications. A high index of clinical suspicion should be present and once the condition is recognized, it should be managed promptly. Paucity of literature on pneumopericardium makes outlining any new case of paramount importance to emphasize the aspects of diagnosis and management of this rare condition.

Case summary
A 59-year-old woman with severe mitral valve and moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation underwent mitral and tricuspid valve repair with uneventful post-operative in-hospital stay. She presented 10 days after discharge with progressive shortness of breath. Chest X-ray revealed right hydropneumothorax. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) performed in the emergency department showed an apparently small pericardial effusion with patient in supine position; the effusion size increased substantially when imaging in left lateral decubitus, with presence of intrapericardial air bubbles. Computed tomography scan of the chest confirmed the presence of right hydropneumothorax and hydropneumopericardium, with a communicating pleuro-pericardial tract. The patient underwent chest tube placement which successfully decompressed both pleural and pericardial space.

Discussion
Hydropneumopericardium is a rare post-operative complication. Comprehensive TTE with imaging from multiple acoustic windows is mandatory when evaluating the extent of pericardial effusion. Presence of cardiac tamponade is crucial in determining the management plan.
Towards an equitable digital public health era: promoting equity through a health literacy perspective
Authors: Azzopardi-Muscat Natasha , Sørensen Kristine 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Digital technologies shape the way in which individuals and health systems interact to promote health and treat illness. Their propensity to exacerbate inequalities is increasingly being highlighted as a concern for public health. Personal, contextual and technological factors all interact and determine uptake and consequent use of digital technologies for health. This article reviews evidence on the impact of digital technologies on health equity. Health literacy is presented as a lens through which to approach research and policy on access, uptake and use of digital technologies. In the short term, based on our review of published literature, we conclude that it is likely that digital technologies will increase health inequities associated with increased age, lower level of educational attainment and lower socio-economic status. Geographical inequity may increase as a result of poor infrastructure but may decrease if digital technologies can be effectively widely deployed to compensate for health workforce and health system deficiencies. Programmes to enhance health and digital literacy and monitoring of access, utilization and impact across all groups in society can help to ensure that digital technologies act to reduce rather than reproduce or exacerbate existent health inequalities.
Less Severe Preoperative Synovitis is Associated With Higher Self-reported Pain Intensity 12 Months After Total Knee Arthroplasty—An Exploratory Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Petersen Kristian K. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Vela Jonathan , Skou Søren T. , Eld Mikkel , Al-Mashkur Nasir M. , Boesen Mikael , Riis Robert G.C. , Simonsen Ole 
Published: September 2019

Objectives:
Synovitis is one of the possible pain generators in osteoarthritis (OA) and is associated with upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which can lead to worsening of the postoperative pain. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the association between perioperative synovitis and self-reported pain 12 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with OA.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-six knee OA patients were included in this analysis. The perioperative volume of synovitis in predefined locations was assessed by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Perioperative synovitis was assessed histologically from biopsies of the synovium. Highest pain intensity within the last 24 hours (Visual Analog Scale, VAS, 0 to 100) was assessed before and 12 months after TKA. Patients were divided into a low-pain intensity (VAS≤30) and a high-pain intensity (VAS>30) group on the basis of 12 months postoperative VAS.

Results:
The high-pain intensity group had significantly lower perioperative contrast-enhanced-synovitis (P=0.025), DCE-synovitis (P<0.04), and a trend toward lower histologically assessed synovitis (P=0.077) compared with the low-pain intensity group. Perioperative synovitis scores were inversely correlated with pain intensity 12 months after TKA (P<0.05), indicating that more severe perioperative synovitis is associated with less severe pain intensity at 12 months.

Discussion:
Higher degrees of perioperative synovitis scores are found to be associated with less postoperative pain 12 months after TKA. Further, correlation analysis revealed that less severe perioperative CE-MRI and DCE-MRI synovitis was associated with higher pain intensity 12 months after TKA, suggesting that CE-MRI and DCE-MRI synovitis grades could be used as imaging markers for prediction of chronic postoperative pain after TKA.
Etymology of Letheon
Authors: Haridas Rajesh P. , Gionfriddo Michael , Bause George S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In late 1846, following his successful public demonstrations of surgical anesthesia, Boston dentist William T. G. Morton selected Letheon as the commercial name for the ether-based “preparation” he had used to produce insensibility to pain. We have not identified a first-hand account of the coinage of Letheon. Although the name ultimately derives from the Greek Lēthē, the adjective Lethean, much in use in the mid-19th century, may have influenced Morton and those he called on to assist in finding a commercial name. By one unverified account, the name Letheon might have been coined independently by both Augustus Addison Gould, M.D., and Henry Jacob Bigelow, M.D.
NEW OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FINDINGS ON AN INTRARETINAL VASCULAR PROCESS SECONDARY TO TOXOPLASMA RETINOCHOROIDITIS: 2 CASE REPORTS
Authors: Toutée Adélaïde , Orès Raphaëlle , Mrejen Sarah , Bodaghi Bahram , Kobal Alfred , Merabet Lilia , Brignole-Baudouin Françoise , Sahel José-Alain , Nghiem-Buffet Sylvia , Errera Marie-Hélène 
Published: September 2019

Background/Purpose:
To determine which retinal layer is primarily involved in intraretinal vascular processes associated with Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis using multimodal imaging, including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods:

Toxoplasma retinal lesions were analyzed through multimodal imaging, including color fundus photographs, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, spectral-domain OCT, and OCTA.

Results:
Two patients with atypical features of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis are described in the acute phase. The first patient presented with a primary episode of acute Toxoplasma retinitis associated with an intraretinal abnormal vascular process that was detected at the acute phase by indocyanine green angiography and was better delineated by OCTA. Seven months later, the intraretinal vascular process had fully resolved on OCTA imaging. The second patient presented with a recurrence of active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis adjacent to a pre-existing pigmented scar. He had a similar abnormal intraretinal vascular process that was identified on both fluorescein angiography at the early phase and indocyanine green angiography, which was also confirmed by OCTA imaging.

Conclusion:
We report a new finding associated with Toxoplasma chorioretinitis: an abnormal intraretinal vascular process that resolved without anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy but after toxoplasmosis treatment alone.