bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of adherence to diabetes self‐care behaviours: Evidence from low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Mogre Victor , Johnson Natalie A. , Tzelepis Flora , Shaw Jonathan E. , Paul Christine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo determine diabetes patient's adherence to five self‐care behaviours (diet, exercise; medication, self‐monitoring of blood glucose [SMBG] and foot care) in low‐ and middle‐income countries.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesWe searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PUBMED, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane library and EMCARE for the period January 1990 – June 2017.Review MethodsTitle, abstract and full text screening were done according to eligibility criteria. A narrative synthesis of the literature was conducted.ResultsA total of 7,109 studies were identified of which 27 met the review eligibility criteria and were included. All the studies used self‐report of adherence to diabetes self‐care. Studies reported adherence rates in two major forms: (a) mean number of days participants performed a recommended dietary behaviour/activity during the past week; and (b) proportions of participants adhering to a recommended self‐care behaviour. Mean number of days per week participants adhered to a self‐care behaviour ranged from 2.34.6 days per week for diet, 5.5–6.8 days per week for medication, 1.8–5.7 days per week for exercise, 0.2–2.2 days per week for SMBG and 2.2–4.3 days per week for foot care. Adherence rates ranged from 29.9%–91.7% for diet, 26.0%–97.0% for medication taking, 26.7%–69.0% for exercise, 13.0%–79.9% for self‐monitoring of blood glucose and 17.0%–77.4% for foot care.ConclusionAlthough most diabetes patients do not adhere to recommended self‐care behaviours, adherence rates vary widely and were found to be high in some instances.ImpactHealth services in low‐ and middle‐income countries should monitor adherence to diabetes self‐care behaviours rather than assume adherence and resources should be invested in improving adherence to the self‐care behaviours. Large‐scale accurate monitoring of adherence to diabetes self‐care behaviour is needed and consideration should be given to choice of measurement tool for such exercise.
Comparison of atrial arrhythmia recurrence after persistent atrial fibrillation ablation between patients with or without tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yamashita Seigo , Tokuda Michifumi , Matsuo Seiichiro , Mahida Saagar , Hachisuka Eri Okajima , Sato Hidenori , Ikewaki Hirotsugu , Oseto Hirotsuna , Yokoyama Masaaki , Isogai Ryota , Tokutake Kenichi , Yokoyama Kenichi , Narui Ryohsuke , Kato Mika , Tanigawa Shinichi , Sugimoto Kenichi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yamane Teiichi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of heart failure (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes in patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the effectiveness of CA amongst the subset of patients with tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) remains poorly defined.Methods and ResultsIn a retrospective analysis we compared outcomes of first‐time CA for persistent AF in a cohort of patients with previously diagnosed TIC (n = 45; age 58 ± 8 years; 91% male) to those with structurally normal hearts (non‐TIC; n = 440; age 55 ± 9 years; 95% male). TIC was defined as an impaired ventricular function (left ventricular ejection function [LVEF] <50%), which was reversed after the treatment of HF. We compared atrial arrhythmias (AAs) recurrence after the CA in the TIC and non‐TIC cohorts. In the TIC group, LVEF improved from 35.8% ± 8.1% to 57.5% ± 8.3% after treatment of HF. During 3.3 ± 1.5 years follow‐up, AAs‐free survival after CA was significantly higher in the TIC group as compared with the non‐TIC group (69% vs 42%; P = .001), despite a comparable CA strategy between the two groups. In multivariable analysis, absence of HF with TIC, longer AF duration, and complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation were independent predictors of arrhythmia recurrence (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.03; P < .01; OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20‐0.79; P < .01 and OR, 2.29; 95%CI; 1.27‐4.11; P < .01, respectively). In addition, the outcome after the last procedure was superior in the TIC cohort (89% vs 72%; P = .03) with fewer CA procedures as compared with the non‐TIC cohort (1.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.5 ± 0.7; P = .01).ConclusionsPersistent patients with AF with TIC have a more favorable outcome after the CA as compared with those without.
Evaluation of non‐invasive prenatal testing to detect chromosomal aberrations in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Cui Wanting , Liu Xiaoliang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Yueping , Chu Guoming , He Rong , Zhao Yanyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to detect foetal copy number variations (CNVs). Next‐generation sequencing for detecting foetal copy number variations (CNVs) was performed on the collected samples from 161 pregnancies with ultrasound anomalies and negative NIPT results for aneuploidy. The performance of NIPT for detecting chromosome aberrations was calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of NIPT for detecting CNVs > 1 Mb were 83.33% and 99.34%; the PPV and negative predictive rate (NPV) were 90.91% and 98.68%. Non‐invasive prenatal testing can be performed to detect chromosomal aberrations in first trimester with high performance for CNVs, and occasional discordant cases are unavoidable.
Global and local visual processing in autism – a co‐twin‐control study
Authors: Neufeld J. , Hagström A. , Van't Westeinde A. , Lundin K. , Cauvet É. , Willfors C. , Isaksson J. , Lichtenstein P. , Bölte S. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with altered global and local visual processing. However, the nature of these alterations remains controversial, with contradictory findings and notions ranging from a reduced drive to integrate information into a coherent ‘gestalt’ (“weak central coherence” = WCC) to an enhanced perceptual functioning (EPF) in local processing.MethodsThis study assessed the association between autism and global/local visual processing, using a large sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins (N = 290, 48% females, age = 8–31 years). The Fragmented Pictures Test (FPT) assessed global processing, whereas local processing was estimated with the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) and the Block Design Test (BDT). Autism was assessed both categorically (clinical diagnosis), and dimensionally (autistic traits). Associations between visual tasks and autism were estimated both across the cohort and within‐twin pairs where all factors shared between twins are implicitly controlled.ResultsClinical diagnosis and autistic traits predicted a need for more visual information for gestalt processing in the FPT across the cohort. For clinical diagnosis, this association remained within‐pairs and at trend‐level even within MZ twin pairs alone. ASD and higher autistic traits predicted lower EFT and BDT performance across the cohort, but these associations were lost within‐pairs.ConclusionsIn line with the WCC account, our findings indicate an association between autism and reduced global visual processing in children, adolescents and young adults (but no evidence for EPF). Observing a similar association within MZ twins suggests a non‐shared environmental contribution.
A systematic review of factors influencing treatment adherence in chronic inflammatory skin disease – strategies for optimizing treatment outcome
Authors: Eicher L. , Knop M. , Aszodi N. , Senner S. , French L.E. , Wollenberg A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdherence describes how a patient follows a medical regime recommended by a healthcare provider. Poor treatment adherence represents a complex and challenging problem of international healthcare systems, as it has a substantial impact on clinical outcomes and patient safety and constitutes an important financial burden. Since it is one of the most common causes of treatment failure, it is extremely important for physicians to reliably distinguish between non‐adherence and non‐response. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature on treatment adherence in dermatology, focusing on chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed Database, including articles from 2008 to 2018. Low treatment adherence is a multidimensional phenomenon defined by the interplay of numerous factors and should under no circumstances be considered as the patient's fault alone. Factors influencing treatment adherence in dermatology include patient characteristics and beliefs, treatment efficacy and duration, administration routes, disease chronicity and the disease itself. Moreover, the quality of the physician‐patient relationship including physician‐time available for the patient plays an important role. Understanding patients’ adherence patterns and the main drivers of non‐adherence creates opportunities to improve adherence in the future. Strategies to increase treatment adherence range from reminder programs to simplifying prescriptions or educational interventions. Absolute adherence to treatment may not be realistically achievable, but efforts need to be made to raise awareness in order to maximize adherence as far as possible.
Pain Management in Nursing Home Residents: Findings from a Pilot Effectiveness‐Implementation Study
Authors: Brunkert Thekla , Simon Michael , Ruppen Wilhelm , Zúñiga Franziska 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a multilevel pain management intervention in nursing homes (NHs) comprising a pain management guideline, care worker training, and pain champions.DESIGNAn implementation science pilot study using a quasi‐experimental effectiveness‐implementation (hybrid II) design.SETTINGFour NHs in Switzerland.PARTICIPANTSAll consenting long‐term residents aged 65 years and older with pain at baseline (N = 62) and all registered and licensed practical nurses (N = 61).INTERVENTIONImplementation of a contextually adapted pain management guideline, interactive training workshops for all care workers, and specifically trained pain champions.MEASUREMENTSInterference from pain, worst and average pain intensity over the previous 24 hours; proxy ratings of pain with the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia scale; and care workers' appraisal of the guideline's reach, acceptability, and adoption.RESULTSPain‐related outcomes improved for self‐reporting residents (n = 43) and residents with proxy rating (n = 19). Significant improvements of average pain from baseline to T1 (P = .006), and in worst pain from baseline to T1 (P = .003) and T2 (P = .004). No significant changes in interference from pain (P = .18). With regard to the implementation efforts, about 76% of care workers indicated they were familiar with the guideline; 70.4% agreed that the guideline is practical and matches their ideas of good pain assessment (75.9%) and treatment (79.7%).CONCLUSIONImplementation of a multilevel pain management intervention did significantly improve average and worst pain intensity in NH residents. However, to effect clinical meaningful changes in interference from pain, a more comprehensive approach involving other disciplines may be necessary. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2574–2580, 2019
Mast cell expression in oral lichen planus: A systematic review
Authors: Vadivel Jayanth Kumar , Govindarajan Meera , Somasundaram Elangovan , Muthukrishnan Arvind 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLichen planus is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune‐mediated mucocutaneous disorder affecting the skin and mucosa. The role of mast cells in the genesis of lichen planus has been debated. Establishing a definitive part played by mast cells and its degranulation would possibly provide a permanent, cost‐effective treatment modality for oral lichen planus (OLP). This review aims to study the expression of mast cells qualitatively and quantitatively in OLP. The research questions were framed to assess the mast cell count, localization within the epithelium basement membrane zone and degranulation of mast cells. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and Web of Science. We found a total of 120 studies from which 12 were found suitable for the review. There is a marked increase in the number of mast cells in OLP. The mast cells were seen in increased numbers in the epithelial and connective tissue junction at areas of basement membrane disruption. There was also an increase in the degranulation of mast cells. It is evident that there is an increase in the mast cell number in lichen planus and its subsequent degranulation.
Narrative review on attitudes toward organ donation of undergraduate nurse students
Authors: Tsubaki Michihiro , Tougo Shusuke , Kobayashi Masahiro , Arakawa Satoru , Yoshida Kazunari 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimWe aimed at obtaining suggestions to increase the number of organ donations by conducting a meta‐analysis of researches on attitudes toward organ donation for nurse undergraduates around the world.MethodsWe looked for documents published by April 2017 using CINAHL, MEDLINE, Japan Medical Abstract Society, CiNii, and PsycINFO. We searched for English and Japanese literature including all terms of “attitude”, “students”, “nursing”, “Tissue and Organ Procurement”, “organ donation”. This study was carried out based on the Prisma Statement 2010.ResultsAs a result of the search, six CINAHLs, 45 MEDLINEs, seven Japan Medical Abstract Society articles were extracted, but no papers from CiNii and PsycINFO. We extracted and analyzed 21 original papers including contents of organ donation, targeting nurse undergraduates, which also excluding scale development.
Factors related to recovery knowledge and attitudes among professionals in mental health in Japan
Authors: Chiba Rie , Umeda Maki , Goto Kyohei , Miyamoto Yuki , Yamaguchi Sosei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo explore what factors may influence recovery knowledge and attitudes among professionals in mental health.MethodsWe utilized an existing dataset from a study that surveyed 331 subjects among 475 eligible professionals. We used data from 289 participants without missing values for the analyses (valid response rate = 60.8%). The questionnaire included three psychometrically tested scales: (a) Recovery Knowledge Inventory (RKI); (b) Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ); and (c) Internal Work Motivation, as well as other variables. Mean‐based comparisons of the RKI and RAQ scores between several subgroups were examined. We also examined the correlation between RKI and RAQ scores and the continuous variables. Multiple linear regression was implemented to examine the simultaneous effects of the factors on RKI and RAQ scores. The mean age of participants was 39.9 years and 69.2% were female and 44.0% were nursing professionals.ResultsMultiple linear regression analyses showed that the internal work motivation and the experience of discharging patients after a lengthy hospitalization were significantly and positively associated with recovery attitude. Working at community facilities and being young were significantly and weakly correlated with recovery knowledge. The experience of participation in self‐help groups exhibited positive relationships with RKI and RAQ scores, while education exhibited positive but weak relationships with RKI and RAQ scores. No significant relationship was observed in the regression analyses.ConclusionsInternal work motivation, the experience of discharging patients after a lengthy hospitalization, working at community facilities, and being young may positively contribute to better recovery knowledge and attitudes. Future research using a longitudinal design will explore other factors.
Autologous platelet‐rich plasma therapy for pattern hair loss: A systematic review
Authors: Dervishi Gezim , Liu Haibo , Peternel Sandra , Labeit Alexander , Peinemann Frank 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (male pattern and female pattern hair loss) is characterized by thinning of the scalp hair. Intradermal injection of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) might have an effect on hair regrowth.AimsThe aim was to evaluate efficacy and safety of platelet‐rich plasma compared to placebo or no treatment in people with pattern hair loss.Patients/MethodsWe searched the databases CENTRAL and MEDLINE on December 24, 2018 and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Primary outcomes were mean change of hair density from baseline and serious treatment‐related adverse events. Secondary outcome was mean change of hair thickness from baseline. Time point of outcome assessment was 6 months after start of treatment.ResultsWe identified 13 relevant randomized controlled trials with 356 randomized (343 analyzed) people or half‐head areas who received PRP in a simple parallel or half‐head design. The pooled data of seven studies (171 analyzed people or half‐head areas) were favorable in the PRP group on hair density. We estimated a mean difference from baseline of 30.35 associated with a wide 95% confidence interval (1.77‐58.93), a considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 100%), and unclear risk of bias in most of the studies. Regarding hair thickness, data were also favorable in the PRP group, but these data were limited to a single study. We did not identify serious treatment‐related adverse events.ConclusionThe results of seven RCTs indicated that autologous platelet‐rich plasma was associated with an increase of hair density when compared to placebo.
Should Healing Abutments and Cover Screws for Dental Implants be Reused? A Systematic Review
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Kejriwal Swati , Bhuse Kruttika 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeTo systematically review the current scientific evidence to assess if healing abutments and cover screws for dental implants can be resterilized effectively for reuse. A secondary purpose was to investigate if there has been any reported adverse biological or mechanical consequences to implants, or harm to patients with the reuse of healing abutments or cover screws.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search of the English language scientific literature was performed independently by multiple investigators using a systematic search process using the PubMed search engine and Cochrane database. After the application of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final list of articles was reviewed to meet the various objectives of this review.ResultsThe initial electronic search resulted in 657 titles and after the application of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, six articles were identified that satisfied the study objectives. All six articles were observational studies that described a total sample of over 300 used healed abutments obtained from patients. Out of these, three studies showed that routine methods (mechanical, chemical, and steam) used for cleaning and sterilizing used healing abutments did not result in the complete removal of contaminants, while two studies showed that routine methods supplemented with an additional regimen resulted in adequate decontamination. One additional study showed that routine methods sufficiently resulted in adequate decontamination of used healing abutments. There were no true clinical studies identified. There were no studies identified in the literature that reported on any adverse consequences to dental implants, such as infections, bone loss, mechanical complications, implant failure, or harm to patients, by reuse of healing abutments or cover screws.ConclusionsLimited evidence suggests that routine methods used for cleaning and sterilization of used titanium healing abutments may not result in the complete removal of contaminants. However, the biological or mechanical implication of this finding is yet to be determined because presently there are no reports in the literature related to any unfavorable consequences to dental implants, or harm to patients by reuse of healing abutments or cover screws. Nevertheless, due to the popular clinical practice of reusing healing abutments to reduce cost to clinicians and patients, indiscriminate reuse of healing abutments should be avoided, until further supporting evidence is established.
Investigating the Impact of Geographic Location on Colorectal Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: A National Study of the SEER Cancer Registry
Authors: Andrilla C. Holly A. , Moore Tessa E. , Man Wong Kit , Evans David V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with decreased mortality and potential avoidance of chemotherapy. CRC screening rates are lower in rural communities and patient outcomes are poorer. This study examines the extent to which United States’ rural residents present at a more advanced stage of CRC compared to nonrural residents.MethodsUsing the 2010–2014 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Incidence data, 132,277 patients with CRC were stratified using their county of residence and urban influence codes into 5 categories (metro, adjacent micropolitan, nonadjacent micropolitan, small rural, and remote small rural). Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between late stage at diagnosis and county‐level characteristics including level of rurality, persistent poverty, low education and low employment, and patient characteristics.ResultsIn the adjusted analysis the rate of stage 4 CRC at diagnosis differed across geographic classification, with patients living in remote small rural counties having the highest rate of stage 4 disease (range: 19.2% in nonadjacent micropolitan counties to 22.7% in remote small rural counties). Other factors, such as patient characteristics, insurance status, and regional practice variation were also significantly associated with late‐stage CRC diagnosis.ConclusionsGeographic residence is associated with the rate of stage 4 disease at presentation. Additional patient factors are associated with stage 4 CRC disease at diagnosis. Cancer outcomes are worse for rural patients, and late stage at diagnosis may partially account for this disparity. These differences have persisted over time and suggest areas for further research, patient engagement, and education.