bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CULTURE POSITIVE ENTERIC FEVER
Authors: Kulshrestha Dr. Manish , Kulshrestha Dr. Anjali 
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION: Enteric fever includes typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Peak incidence is seen in children 5–15 years of age; but in regions where the disease is highly endemic, as in India, children younger than 5 years of age may have the highest infection rates. There are about 22 million new typhoid cases occur each year. Young children in poor, resource limited areas, who make up the majority of the new cases and there is a mortality figures of 215,000 deaths annually. A sharp decline in the rates of complications and mortality due to typhoid fever is observed as a result of introduction of effective antibiotic therapy since 1950s. MDR-ST became endemic in many areas of Asia, including India soon after multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi (MDR-ST) that were resistant to all the three first-line drugs then in use, namely chloramphenicol, amoxycillin and co-trimoxazole emerged in early 1990s.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Only blood culture or bone marrow culture positive cases were included. The patients with culture isolated enteric fever were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion method using antibiotic discs. The analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out as per CLSI interpretative guidelines.
RESULTS: A total of 82 culture positive cases were included in the present study. 80 culture isolates were from blood culture and 2 from the bone marrow culture. Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serovartyphi (S typhi) was isolated from 67 (81.70%) patients while Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarparatyphi (S paratyphi A) was isolated from 13 (15.85%) cases and 2 (2.44%) were Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarschottmuelleri (S paratyphi B). Of the 82 cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid, one (1.2%) case each was resistant to Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, 2 (2.4%) were resistant to chloramphenicol, 10 (12.2%) were resistant and to cotrimoxazole 3 (3.7%) were resistant.
CONCLUSION: In a culture positive cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid. Multidrug resistant isolates were 65(79.3%).
CLINICAL PROFILE OF NEONATES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
Authors: Nema Dr. Anubha , Mittal Dr. Sunil Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is a challenging problem and is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 cases. Term, pre-term and post-term babies both in-borns and out-borns cases were included in the study.
Results: Of the 50 cases admitted with RD, 31 babies (62%) were delivered vaginally and 19 (38%) by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS). There were 33 (66%) males and 17 (34%) females in the study. There were 23 (46%) pre-term babies, 26 (52%) term and 1 (2%) post-term neonates who were admitted with RD. The majority of cases 42 (82%) presented with increased respiratory rate, chest in drawings. 41 (82%) babies had flaring of alae nasi.
Conclusion: Increased respiratory rate along with chest in drawing, flaring of alae nasi are the presentation of RD in majority of cases.
Keywords: Respiratory distress (RD), Flaring of alae nasi are, Tachypnea.
SPECTRUM AND OUTCOME OF BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL, BIKANER, RAJASTHAN
Authors: Saini Surendra , Joshi Mahesh 
Published: July 2019

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups. Many injuries may not manifest during the initial assessment and treatment period.
Methods: Hospital based prospective study conducted at Dept. of General Surgery, S.P.Medical College and P.B.M Hospital, Bikaner
Results: Case distribution according to organ involved consisted of 27 cases of liver injury 25 of these cases were managed conservatively , and only two were operated.18 cases were of splenic injury 16 of which were managed conservatively and two underwent surgery.
Conclusions: Males were pre-dominantly affected. Road traffic accident was the most common cause of injury. Though conservative management is successful in carefully selected patients, operative management remains the main stay of treatment.
Keywords: Blunt abdominal trauma, Liver injury, Perforation, Splenic injury
BEHAVIOURAL PAIN SCALE TO ASSESS PAIN IN SEDATED AND CONSCIOUS PATIENTS
Authors: Kirankumar Dr. H. 
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION: Pain prevalence estimates vary by population and setting, it is about 46-80% of individuals with chronic or terminal illnesses in hospital. This pain is significant to cause both physical and psychological distress, interferes with activities of daily living, predisposes to development of adverse sequelae, impairs quality of life, and ultimately delays healing and recovery. There are various barriers for effective verbal communication in these patients such as sedation, decreased level of consciousness, endotracheal intubation, and mechanical ventilation, which are limiting factors for patients self-report of pain. To report this pain, some behavioural and physical responses can be used to assess and diagnose the pain. BPS can be used to assess pain before and after the two common procedures in unconscious ICU-admitted patients and it was reported to be a valid and reliable tool in evaluation of the pain of unconscious patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: patients admitted to the ICU were evaluated for inclusion in the study once a day. Patients who were above 18 years, sedated, and ventilated for at least 8 h before assessment were included in the study. Measurement of pain by BPS scale was done by 2 observers and was recorded. Written informed consent from the patient’s relatives was obtained. Pain ranking is from 3 to 12, and the patient's status considered based on this scale is painless as 3, mild from 4–6, moderate from 7–9, or severe if ranged between10–12 pain. The scores of 6 and higher indicate moderate-to-severe pain.
RESULTS: In present study 100 patients were included. 71% patients were sedated state on all days while 18% cases were in consciously sedated state on all days and 11% patients were either in sedated or conscious sedated state on different days. 59.1% cases were male among those who were in sedated state on all days, where as 66.7% and 63.6% were males among those who were in conscious sedated state on all days and in either state on different days respectively. The amount of protocol administered was 128.9 ± 55.3 mg/hr for conscious sedated patients whereas it was 172.3 ± 72.6 mg/hr for sedated patients (P < 0.05). The difference was observed to be statistically significant. The amount of midazolam given to conscious sedated patients and sedated patients was 2.9 ± 1.8 vs 3.8 ± 2.3 mg/hr (P = 0.12). Total BPS in conscious sedated patients during rest was 3.7 ± 0.5 and during painful procedure was 5.2±1.1 this was highly significant. BPS facial expression during painful procedures Facial expression BPS was 2.4±0.9 and during rest it was 1.0±0.2. It was highly significant. CONCLUSION: For conscious sedated patients the BPS system can be validly and reliably used during painful procedures. BPS is a sensitive scale for capturing changes in pain response and discriminates between painful and nonpainful procedures.
Study of Sub-Acute Toxicity Profile of Fenugreek (Trigonellafaenum-Graecum) Seeds in Kidney Tissues of Albino Rat: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Alam Sefa Sarwath , Mazumder Ashish Kumar , Akhter Rasheda , Md Jahangir Selim 
Published: July 2019

Background : The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sub-acute toxic effects of ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds on kidney tissues of albino rats.
Materials and methods: The present study was conducted on 30 albino rats divided into Group A, B, C, D and R. Group A (Control group) was treated with distilled water. Group B, Group C and Group D were treated orally with ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds at a dose of 1.25 gm/kg/day, 2.5 gm/kg/day and 5 gm/kg/day respectively for 90 consecutive days. Group R (Recovery group) was treated with seed extract of 5 gm/kg/day for 90 days followed by no treatment for next 28 days to observe any toxic effect if present in highest dose whether reversible or not. On 91st day all the animals of Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D were sacrificed and Group R was sacrificed on 119th day. Blood sample was collected from all the rats by cardiac puncture before sacrifice for measurement of biochemical and hematological parameters, and kidneys were collected for histopathological examination after sacrifice.
Results: Upto 2.5 gm /kg/day dose level, all parameters of all experimental groups were statistically not significant when compared with control group. At 5 gm/kg/ day dose level the seeds extract produced statistically significant change in biochemical parameters such as serum creatinine and blood urea. In gross microscopic examination of kidney, at the highest dose level showed the sign of cell injury like cellular swelling, hemorrhage, inflammatory cells infiltration, necrosis etc. Interestingly, these biochemical and microscopic findings at the highest dose level were absent in recovery group.
Conclusion: Finally, the study revealed that ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds was non toxic up to 2.5 gm/kg/day dose level and produce renal toxicity at 5 gm/kg/day dose level in sub acute toxicity test. So, if needed to use in higher therapeutic dose the toxicity profile of seeds extract must be re-evaluated.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (1); Jan 2019; Page 36-43
Cholinesterase and Glycation Inhibition Assay of Several Metabolites Obtained from Plant and Fungi
Authors: Islam Rashedul , Adib Mohiminul , Ahsan Monira , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Mazid Md Abdul 
Published: July 2019

Cholinesterase inhibition is one of the major strategies to develop better quality anti-Alzheimer’s drug, while inhibition of glycation pathway is a useful therapeutic strategy to treat diabetic complications. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-butyrylcholinesterase and anti-glycation activities of 8 secondary metabolites namely, RS-8, RS-22C (arborinine), CL-1 (betulinic acid), CL-2 (ursolic acid), CCL-1 (cajaninstilbene acid), CP-1 (beta-sitosterol), HS-1 (anhydrofusarubin) and HS-2 (methylether of fusarubin). It was found that RS-8 and arborinine showed promising activity in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 24.40 ± 0.39 and 13.14 ± 0.07, respectively. Anhydrofusarubin and methyl ether of fusarubin exhibited moderate activities with IC50 values of 47.82 ± 0.54 and 44.58 ± 0.8. Arborinine and cajaninstilbene acid potentially inhibited butyrylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 26.34 ± 0.31 and 25.82 ± 0.34, respectively, but other metabolites did not show such inhibitory activities. Inhibition of glycation process was evaluated by bovine serum albumin assay but none of the metabolites significantly inhibited the glycation pathway.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 31-38, 2019 (June)
Total Phenolic Content, Membrane Stabilization and Thrombolytic Activities of Corypha taliera (Arecaceae) Flowers
Authors: Chowdhury Akhtaruzzaman , Shajib Md Shafiullah , Tahia Faiza , Alam Md Ashraful , Rashid Mohammad A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract not available
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 121-123, 2019 (June)
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Analysis of Rabeprazole Sodium
Authors: Sharna Sumaya Mahmud , Shuvo Mehedi Hasan , Ferdaus Syef , Chowdhury Sabiha 
Published: July 2019

Abstract not available
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 125-128, 2019 (June)
Alternanthera bicolor Produces Hypoglycemic Effect in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice through its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Khan Kousik Ahmed , Zahan Manik , Talukder Fatema Zohura , Uddin Riaz , Shill Manik Chandra , Hossain Hemayet , Nahar Lutfun , Sarker Satyajit Dey , Alam Md Ashraful , Reza Hasan Mahmud 
Published: July 2019

The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant properties of ethanolic extract of Alternanthera bicolor and to assess the potential hypoglycemic effect of the extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. HPLC-DAD method was used to determine polyphenolic compounds present in the extract. Different in vitro assays (i.e. DPPH radical scavenging activity test, reducing power test, NO radical inhibition assay and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide) were used to determine the antioxidant potential of the plant. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by glucose tolerance test and standard biochemical analyses. HPLC-DAD analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of (+)-catechin hydrate, caffeic acid, quercetin and kaempferol. A. bicolor showed potent antioxidant activities in DPPH radical, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging assays. Moreover, A. bicolor showed potent reducing power and dose-dependent increment of total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the plant showed potent hypoglycemic activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Ethanolic extract of the plant at doses of 200- and 400-mg/kg body weight (administered orally for 3 weeks) significantly decreased the elevated levels of blood glucose, lipid peroxidation product TBARS, hydroperoxides and nitric oxide in experimental animals. Apart from these activities, the ethanolic extract of the plant restored the reduced catalase function in liver. From this study, we can conclude that ethanolic extract of A. bicolor exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 49-60, 2019 (June)
Enantiomeric Determination of Carvedilol by a Newly Developed and Validated Chiral HPLC Method
Authors: Rahman Asma , Haque Mohammad Rashedul , Sultan Md Zakir , Rahman M Muhibur , Rashid Mohammad A 
Published: July 2019

A new simple, selective, linear and accurate chiral HPLC method for assay of carvedilol enantiomers was developed with immobilized cellulose chiral stationary phases under normal-phase mode using hexane: isopropyl alcohol: diethyl amine: acetic acid (40: 60: 0.7: 0.3, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at 220 nm. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, robustness and stability as per the guidelines of USP and ICH. The regression coefficients (r2) of the linearity were found to be 0.999 for both S- and R- carvedilol, detection limit (LOD) were 1.67 and 1.78 μg/mL and quantitation limit were also found to be 5.06 and 5.41 μg/mL for S- and R- carvedilol, respectively. The average percentage of recovery was found to be 99.59% to 100.83% for S- and 98.42% to 100.18% for R- carvedilol, respectively. The new method can be used for enantiomeric separation and estimation of carvedilol in pharmaceutical dosage forms without any interference.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 61-68, 2019 (June)
Application of Statistical Design to Assess the Critical Process Parameters of Ethanol Injection Method for the Preparation of Liposomes
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayani , Sogali Bharani S 
Published: July 2019

In the present study custom screening design was employed to observe the effect of four critical process parameters on particle size and polydispersity index of the liposomal formulation made by ethanol injection method. The four process parameters selected were lipid ratio, rate of injection, phase volume ratio and rotational speed of magnetic stirring. Eight different liposomal formulations were prepared using the design. The formulations were subjected to particle size analysis. The analysis was done at a significance level p<0.05 and found that the process parameters had significant effect on the particle size and polydispersity index of the formulations. The design was optimized for the individual responses with an overall desirability of more than 50%. Three batches of liposomes were formulated at optimized process parameters which matched the target as predicted by the design. Therefore, it can be concluded that the design was effective in production of nano sized stable monodisperse liposomes by ethanol injection method.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 103-111, 2019 (June)
Clinical Interventions of Critical Care Pharmacist in the Therapeutic Management of Critically Ill Patients: a Retrospective Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Jahidul , Rabbani Raihan , Bachar Sitesh C 
Published: July 2019

Critically ill patients at ICU are treated with poly pharmacy and conservative drug management is necessary for ensuring drugs’ safety and accuracy. The objective of this study was to analyze the qualitative intervention of critical care pharmacists (CCP) in critically ill patients’ effective medication management. This was a 6 months long observational study. All the provided suggestions of CCP were categorized into- A (drug-drug interaction), B (addition of new drug therapies), C (rational dosing of antibiotics), D (acceleration or deceleration of the doses) and E (adverse drug reaction). Out of total CCP’s 650 suggestions, 566 (87.08%) suggestions were accepted by doctors and modified the therapies, accordingly. CCP being a part of ICU’s multi professional team contribute the professional roles in generating safe, appropriate and quality prescriptions, which finally turns into quality pharmacotherapy for critically ill patients at ICU.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 113-119, 2019 (June)
Soil mycobiota under managed and unmanaged forests of <i>Nothofagus pumilio</i> in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Authors: Elíades Lorena A. , Cabello Marta N. , Pancotto Verónica , Moretto Alicia , Ferreri Natalia A. , Saparrat Mario C.N. , Barrera Marcelo D. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Management practices can modify the productivity of forests and the associated microbial diversity of soil. The soil mycobiota is considered a key factor in the ecological functions of forests. Forests of Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser (Nothofagaceae) are the main source of timber and one of the most important economic resources in the province of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). However, there is no information on the impact of forest management interventions for the soil mycobiota, which can be reliable biological indicators of disturbance.Methods: Fungi were isolated from samples of soil collected under several Nothofagus pumilio forests subjected to different types of management and periods of time since the intervention. Types of management were represented by harvested forest with a shelter wood cutting, stockpile area and control forest without intervention and the periods of time since intervention were 1, 5–10 and 50 years. Species richness, evenness and Shannon’s diversity index of the mycobiota in each condition of management were calculated. Additionally, the effect of seasonality was analysed.Results: The soil mycobiota was represented by 70 taxa. Richness and/or Shannon’s diversity index of the mycobiota between undisturbed forest and stockpile area were higher in May (autumn) than in September or November. There were no differences in mycobiota diversity between dates in the harvested forest.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the forest intervention per se did not negatively affect the soil culturable mycobiota composition of N. pumilio forests in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina).
Dampak Injil Bagi Transformasi Spiritual Dan Sosial
Authors: Setiawan David Eko 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The presence of the Gospel in the midst of human life is very interesting subject to study. Humans with all the complexity of their needs turn out to need something that can provide absolute answers. Abraham H. Marslow showed that in addition to material needs, humans also have social and spiritual needs. Through the gospel the needs are answered. Even the gospel can have a very significant impact on everyone who accepts it. The purpose of this research is to explain the impact of the gospel on spiritual and social transformation. The method used in this research is the literature study methode. The conclusion of this research is that the gospel was able to transform the humans' spiritual and social lives.Abstraksi: Kehadiran Injil ditengah-tengah kehidupan manusia sangatlah menarik untuk ditelaah. Manusia dengan segala kompleksitas kebutuhannya ternyata membutuhkan sesuatu yang dapat memberikan jawaban secara utuh. Abraham H.Maslow menunjukkan bahwa selain kebutuhan yang bersifat materi, manusia juga memiliki kebutuhan yang bersifat sosial dan spiritual. Melalui Injil yang diberitakan kebutuhan-kebutuhan tersebut terjawab. Bahkan injil mampu memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan bagi setiap orang yang mau menerimanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan dampak Injil bagi transformasi spiritual dan sosial Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi literatur. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa injil mampu untuk mentransformasi kehidupan spiritual dan sosial manusia.
Optimization of Nursing Management Rounds and Implementation of Discharge Planning in Fatmawati Hospital Jakarta
Authors: Stella Sancka 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The results of the study identified the existence of obstacles in the implementation of discharge planning which had an impact on the lack of optimization of discharge planning implementation and the determination of the length of stay of the patient. The author uses the case study method. The innovation agreed upon with the nursing manager was in the form of implementing a nursing management round which was expected to have an impact on improving the implementation of discharge planning, as well as revisions to the standard operating procedures and the discharge planning documentation in accordance with Standard Nasional Akreditasi 2018. The result is an increase in knowledge of the head nurse and clinical care manager related to nursing management rounds (49.25%) and experience improvement (39.13%). Standard operational procedure of discharge planning draft and discharge planning form are agreed upon by the nursing manager. Resocializing discharge planning to doctors, nurses, nutritionists, pharmacists, and other health workers is needed to support patient safety and patient comfort before returning home.
A CONTINUITY ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT NURSING CARE DOCUMENTATION USING THE FISHBONE DIAGRAM IN THE TERATAI ROOM NORTH 2ND FLOOR X HOSPITAL, JAKARTA
Authors: Tondang Martha Evi 
Published: July 2019

Quality nursing care documentation based on facts, accurate, complete, concise, organized, timely, easy to read, and continuity. Continuity of nursing care is fulfilled if the range of health services is appropriate, the availability of quality caregivers professionals and information related to patient care are delivered on an ongoing basis. The method used is a case study with observation, interviews, secondary data and document review. This study that is an innovation project, uses a fish bone diagram approach to identify the causes of the discontinuity independent nursing care documentation. Documentation of evaluation of independent nursing care for the development of patients in the midwifery and ginecology room in X Hospital in Jakarta has not reflected the continuity of nursing care. The causes include the lack of optimal competence in providing independent nursing care, not optimal nursing manager functions. The continuity is overcome by optimizing the nursing manager's function by making SOP note integrated patient development, revision of midwife's job description, revision of guide to nursing practice, electronic-based documentation system, placing midwives in accordance with the service area the authority and standard of the profession, the structured supervision schedule, and make sure the midwife's job description is in accordance with the policy.