bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Open‐Label, Crossover Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Effects of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of a Single Oral Dose of a 15‐mg Tylerdipine Tablet in Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers
Authors: Wang Lu , Xie Lijun , Zhou Sufeng , Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Juan , Zhou Yanli , Liu Yun , Zhang Hongwen , Tao Mingxue , Ou Ning , Shao Feng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTylerdipine hydrochloride is a novel L‐type and T‐type dual calcium channel antagonist that has the potential effects of expanding blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. It is expected to reduce the side effect of ankle edema observed with other drugs in the same class. A randomized, open‐label, crossover phase 1 study was performed to evaluate the effect of food on the bioavailability of tylerdipine. Fourteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. The administration of tylerdipine after a high‐fat meal increased the bioavailability of tylerdipine. In the fed state there was a 130% increase in the mean total systemic exposure (AUCinf) and a 73% increase in the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) compared with that in the fasting state. The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence interval) of Cmax and AUCinf were 2.54 (1.94, 3.33) and 1.75 (1.50, 2.04) for tylerdipine. The exposures of the 2 main metabolites M2 and M4 were increased by approximately 10% after a high‐fat meal. The median time to peak plasma concentration of tylerdipine showed no difference between fasting and fed states.
A Rapid Method to Estimate Hepatocyte Loss Due to Drug‐Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Chung Jae‐Yong , Longo Diane M. , Watkins Paul B. 
Published: October 2018

It is not currently possible to rapidly estimate the extent of hepatocyte loss during drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). We used a proprietary mechanistic model (DILIsym) to estimate percentage hepatocyte loss due to DILI that resulted from four different patterns of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) over time: rapid onset and rapid decrease in ALT levels, moderate onset and moderate decrease in ALT levels, moderate onset and extended duration (over 1 month) of ALT elevations, and an ALT profile with multiple peaks. Using these data, we derived a novel parameter, PALT = ALT_AUC*Peak ALT0.18/105 ((IU/L)2*h), where AUC is area under the curve, that correlated well with hepatocyte loss estimates derived by DILIsym in patients with DILI due to six different hepatotoxic drugs. Although further validation will be required, the fact that PALT can be derived rapidly using publicly available pharmacokinetic software may make it a useful parameter to improve the safety of drugs.
Differential evolutionary particle swarm optimization for load adjustment distribution state estimation using correntropy
Authors: Iwata Sohei , Fukuyama Yoshikazu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes differential evolutionary particle swarm optimization (DEEPSO) for load adjustment distribution state estimation (DSE) using correntropy. Practical equipment in distribution systems causes nonlinear characteristics in an objective function and evolutionary computation methods have been applied to DSE so far. This paper applies DEEPSO in order to improve estimation equality. Minimization of sum of square errors by the least squares method has a problem when outliers exit in measured values. Quality of estimated results is largely affected by the outliers using the least squares method, while correntropy has a possibility not to be affected by the outliers. The proposed method is applied to a typical distribution system. The results indicate that the proposed DEEPSO‐based method can improve estimation results compared with conventional particle swarm optimization (PSO) and hybrid PSO‐based method, and the correntropy‐based proposed method can estimate distribution system conditions more accurately than the conventional least squares method.
Effect of pH on Cr(III) accumulation, biomass production, and phenolic profile in 2 Salvinia species
Authors: Ponce Silvana Chocobar , Prado Carolina , Pagano Eduardo , Prado Fernando E. , Rosa Mariana 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

We analyzed the effect of pH on Cr(III) accumulation, biomass production, and phenolic profile of Salvinia rotundifolia and Salvinia minima plants grown in the presence of increasing concentrations of CrCl3. Biomass accumulation, metal tolerance index, and photosynthetic pigment contents indicate that Salvinia rotundifolia seems to be more tolerant of Cr(III) than S. minima at different pHs. Increased metal accumulation by Salvinia species under increasing pH could be explained by changes of the protonation status of cell wall functional groups because both the highest and the lowest pH values used in the present study were outside of the levels at which Cr(III) species start to precipitate. The metal translocation factor indicates that in buffered conditions S. rotundifolia tend to retain more Cr(III) in lacinias than S. minima, probably through the involvement of insoluble phenolics. The results of the present study could be useful to the management of solution pH to maximize the removal of Cr(III) by aquatic plants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:167–176. © 2018 SETAC
Perfection of eccentricity: Mitochondrial genomes of diplonemids
Authors: Burger Gertraud , Valach Matus 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMitochondria are the sandbox of evolution as exemplified most particularly by the diplonemids, a group of marine microeukaryotes. These protists are uniquely characterized by their highly multipartite mitochondrial genome and systematically fragmented genes whose pieces are spread out over several dozens of chromosomes. The type species Diplonema papillatum was the first member of this group in which the expression of fragmented mitochondrial genes was investigated experimentally. We now know that gene expression involves separate transcription of gene pieces (modules), RNA editing of module transcripts, and module joining to mature mRNAs and rRNAs. The mechanism of cognate module recognition and ligation is distinct from known intron splicing and remains to be uncovered. Here, we review the current status of research on mitochondrial genome architecture, as well as gene complement, structure, and expression modes in diplonemids. Further, we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of posttranscriptional processing, and finally reflect on the evolutionary trajectories and trends of mtDNA evolution as seen in this protist group. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(12):1197–1206, 2018
Evaluation of coronary sinus morphology by three‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in patients undergoing electrophysiological study
Authors: Senturk Serhat Emre , Icen Yahya Kemal , Koc Ayşe Selcan , Donmez Yurdaer , Baykan Ahmet Oytun , Unal İlker , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Koc Mevlüt 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the coronary sinus (CS) morphology with three‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D‐TTE) in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) who underwent electrophysiological study (EPS).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted with 187 patients who underwent EPS between November 2016 and April 2017. Patients were divided into three groups: atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) (n = 72), non‐AVNRT SVT (n = 58), and normal EPS (n = 57). All patients were evaluated with electrocardiography, TTE, and 3D‐TTE.ResultsThe CS diameter (CSD) and area (CSA) were found significantly lower in the normal EPS group than in the other groups. There was no significant difference in the CSD between AVNRT and non‐AVNRT SVT groups. However, it was found that the CSA was significantly larger in the AVNRT group than in the non‐AVNRT SVT group. In linear regression analysis, age and left atrial diameter were determined as independent predictor for CSD and CSA (P < 0.001 for each one).ConclusionsThe CSD and CSA assessed by 3D‐TTE were different and dilated in the patients with SVT compared to those in the normal individuals. There was no significant difference in the CSD between the AVNRT and non‐AVNRT SVT groups. However, the AVNRT group had a larger CSA than the non‐AVNRT SVT group.
A pattern reconfigurable square loop antenna with 4 ports and its feeding network
Authors: Guo Qingxin , Chen Lu , Li Zengrui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA low‐profile pattern reconfigurable square loop antenna is investigated. It is designed by using a single loop element with 4 ports over hybrid high impedance surface. The simulated and measured results show that, with different excitations, the main lobe of the presented antenna can be steered in 4 quadrants, and 2 main lobes or omnidirectional pattern also can be obtained. It exhibits a gain of 7.1 dB at 5 GHz and wide bandwidth that covers from 4.8 to 5.48 GHz with a total size of 60 × 60 × 3.3 mm. A simple feeding network that consists of power divider and RF switches is also designed for testing and realizing the steerable radiation patterns.
Study on Time‐frequency Characteristics of Pressure Oscillations in a Bulk‐loaded Liquid Gun
Authors: Mang Shanshan , Yu Yonggang , Zhang Qi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe pressure oscillation in the bulk‐load liquid gun is a kind of combustion instability and has adverse effects on the interior ballistic cycle. With different liquid propellants and different combustion chamber geometries, the combustion and propulsion experiments were conducted on a small calibre gun, and the behaviors of pressure oscillation were investigated. By the wavelet transform, the pressure oscillations were precisely extracted from the measured pressure‐time curves. The oscillation characteristics were analyzed and compared in both the time domain and the frequency domain. Furthermore, a simplified acoustic resonance model considering the combustion‐gas cavity expansion in liquid propellant was developed to estimate the range of the resonant frequency, and the relations between pressure oscillation and acoustic resonance were discussed. The experiments showed that the stepped‐wall combustion chamber geometry was beneficial to reduce the pressure oscillation. The consistency of frequency range of the low‐frequency oscillation between calculations and experiments suggested that axial acoustic resonance played a key role in producing the pressure oscillation, and the characteristics of the high‐frequency oscillation were mainly affected by the combustion of liquid propellant droplets.
Don't walk the line—dance it!
Authors: Forest Jerry 
Published: October 2018

An 86% reduction in API RP 754 Tier 1 and Tier 2 loss of primary containment incidents has been realized in the 5 years following the development and implementation of Walk the Line by Celanese. Walk the Line originally was shared at the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) and AIChE Safety & Health Division Global Congress for Process Safety in 2014 to address operator line‐up errors with three groups of Conduct of Operations tools: changing the culture by setting expectations, operational continuity through operating discipline, and operational readiness.This article will provide an update on our effort to eliminate operator line‐up error in industry. It will outline additional steps taken by Celanese and the results as well as highlight how industry came together to improve on a systemic cause of process safety incidents. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 37: 493–497, 2018
Analysis of split‐plot reliability experiments with subsampling
Authors: Medlin Rebecca M. , Freeman Laura J. , Kensler Jennifer L.K. , Vining G. Geoffrey 
Published: October 2018

AbstractReliability experiments are important for determining which factors drive product reliability. The data collected in these experiments can be challenging to analyze. Often, the reliability or lifetime data collected follow distinctly nonnormal distributions and include censored observations. Additional challenges in the analysis arise when the experiment is executed with restrictions on randomization. The focus of this paper is on the proper analysis of reliability data collected from a nonrandomized reliability experiments. Specifically, we focus on the analysis of lifetime data from a split‐plot experimental design. We outline a nonlinear mixed‐model analysis for a split‐plot reliability experiment with subsampling and right‐censored Weibull distributed lifetime data. A simulation study compares the proposed method with a two‐stage method of analysis.
The adenine ring influences the adenosine 5′‐triphosphate hydrolysis
Authors: Yamabe Shinichi , Tsuchida Noriko , Yamazaki Shoko 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDFT calculations (ωB97X‐D) of the adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis were carried out. Four reactions (A), (B), (C), and (D) were investigated. Reaction (A) is of the acid catalysis and (B) is of the Mg2+ one with (H2O)
n, n = 5, 11, and 17. (C) is of the myosin‐model catalysis, and (D) is of the F1‐ATPase one. Transition states were determined precisely. For reaction (A), the experimental activation energy was reproduced well by the n = 11 and 17 models. For the Mg2+‐containing hydrolysis, (B), 2 reactions (a) [without the Mg2+‐adenine linkage] and (b) [with the connection] were examined and were compared. The reaction (b) was found to be more likely than (a) in both total and activation energies. The adenine ring works to enhance the polarity of transition states. For the myosin catalyzed (C) and in F1‐ATPase (D) hydrolyses, again, the reaction (b) is much more likely than (a). The proton transfer from the lytic water molecule leads to the protonation of the carboxylate of Glu459 in (C). The adenine ring was suggested to influence and promote the ATP hydrolysis.
Theoretical study on the atmospheric reaction of CH3SH with O2
Authors: Bian He , Xu Bin , Zhang Honghong , Wang Qian , Zhang Huiming , Zhang Shiguo , Xia Daohong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA detailed study on the reaction mechanism of CH3SH with O2was carried out using quantum chemical methods. Eleven singlet pathways and four triplet pathways were found based on CCSD(T)//M06‐2x calculations. The nature of chemical bonding evolution was also studied using electron localization function and atoms in molecules analysis. Moreover, reaction rate constants were calculated between 200 and 800 K at the level of the transition state theory by Wigner tunneling correction. The results suggest that the main products should be CH2SO, H2O, CH3OH, SO, CH4, and SO2, respectively, basically coinciding with the experimental results. The corresponding feasible pathways are channels R7, R8, and R9, respectively, with an effective energy barrier of 56.21 kJ/mol. Obviously, given the low energy barrier similar to the main paths mentioned above, the products CH2SH and HO2should assume a definite proportion in all possible products, although such species were not yet detected in experiment.
C3 Symmetric Hexaphenyltriphenylenehexamide: Molecular Design of Fluorescent Ferroelectrics
Authors: Takeda Takashi , Wu Jianyun , Ikenaka Nobuaki , Hoshino Norihisa , Hisaki Ichiro , Akutagawa Tomoyuki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOrganic materials with diverse molecular designs and assemblies may exhibit new multifunctional properties such as coupled ferroelectric, optical, and transport properties. Herein, we propose design guidelines for multifunctional organic ferroelectric materials based on areneoligoxamide. The key points are the careful selection of a disk‐shaped central π scaffold and the symmetric introduction of terminal alkyl amide groups with high motility. The effectiveness of these guidelines are demonstrated through the synthesis of C3 symmetric hexaphenyltriphenylenehexamide (6TP), which showed a significant polarization‐electric field hysteresis in the liquid crystalline (LC) state with fluorescent properties. Spacing between the ortho‐diamide with a phenylene spacer not only expanded the molecular design for ferroelectric LC but also increased the thermal stability of areneoligoxamide.
One‐Step Synthesis of Iodinated Polypyrrole Nanoparticles for CT Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy of Tumors
Authors: Zou Quan , Huang Jiani , Zhang Xuejun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTheranostic materials are of great significance to a personalized precise medicine. However, conventional theranostic agents are mainly fabricated by combining presynthesized independent imaging probes and therapeutic agents, suffering from multiple synthesis procedures, poor morphological control, and time/reagent‐consuming process. Herein, iodinated polypyrrole (I‐PPy) nanoparticles are fabricated via a one‐step synthesis strategy combining chemical oxidation and iodination for computed tomography (CT) imaging‐guided photothermal therapy. Iodic acid with a high standard electrode potential enables the chemical oxidation polymerization of pyrrole monomers. Meanwhile, the iodination of PPy induced by the corresponding reduction product I2 takes place during the polymerization process to generate I‐PPy nanoparticles. The prepared I‐PPy nanoparticles possess a uniform size, excellent colloidal stability, intense near‐infrared absorption, strong X‐ray attenuation ability, and favorable biocompatibility. The as‐synthesized I‐PPy nanoparticles not only guarantee remarkable contrast‐enhanced CT imaging of blood pool and tumors, but also realize effective tumor suppression in vitro and in vivo by I‐PPy nanoparticles‐mediated CT imaging‐guided photothermal therapy. To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first time that multifunctional PPy nanoparticles are fabricated through a one‐step synthesis process. The proposed strategy opens up a new way for the fabrication of high‐performance theranostic agents via a one‐step strategy under mild conditions.
Mo2C Nanodots Anchored on N‐Doped Porous CNT Microspheres as Electrode for Efficient Li‐Ion Storage
Authors: Yu Bo , Yang Dongxu , Hu Yang , He Jiarui , Chen Yuanfu , He Weidong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor the first time, red‐blood‐cell‐like porous Mo2C@CNT microspheres are synthesized through a facile and scalable spray‐drying approach. As an anode for the lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) battery (LIB), the Mo2C@CNT hybrid demonstrates superior electrochemical performances with a high reversible capacity of 1065 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, a large and stable capacity of 878 mAh g−1 even after 750 cycles at 1.6 A g−1, and large capabilities of 460 and 190 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles even at 8.0 and 16.0 A g−1, respectively, suggesting the outstanding long‐cycle high‐rate performance. The superior Li‐ion storage is attributed to the unique porous hierarchical structure, as constructed with Mo2C nanodots homogeneously and tightly anchored on a porous and highly conductive N‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) microspheric skeleton, which provides abundant electrochemically active sites and facilitates the electron and ion transportation. This work provides a novel, scalable, and cost‐effective route to the hybrid of transition‐metal‐based compounds and carbonaceous nanomaterials as high‐performance electrode for LIBs.
Cardiac output measurements during high‐risk Cesarean section using electrical bioreactance or arterial waveform analysis: assessment of agreement
Authors: Gutierrez J. , Perry H. , Columb M. , Bampoe S. , Thilaganathan B. , Khalil A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveMaternal hemodynamics change significantly during Cesarean section complicated by massive hemorrhage or severe hypertensive disease. Cardiac output (CO) monitoring aids early, goal‐directed hemodynamic therapy. The aim of this study was to record hemodynamic changes observed during Cesarean section in pregnancies at high risk of hemodynamic instability, using invasive (LiDCOrapid™) and non‐invasive (NICOM®) devices, and to assess agreement between the two devices in measuring CO.MethodsSimultaneous intraoperative hemodynamic measurements were taken using the LiDCOrapid and NICOM devices, following standardized techniques, in women at high risk of hemodynamic instability undergoing Cesarean section. Agreement in CO measurements between the two devices was assessed using Bland–Altman plots and the agreement:tolerability index (ATI). Agreement analyses were performed for repeated measures in subjects, using centiles.ResultsFrom 10 women, 307 paired measurements were analyzed. Mean bias (defined as the mean difference in CO measurements between the LiDCOrapid and NICOM devices) was 3.05 (95% CI, 1.89 to 4.21) L/min. Limits of agreement ranged from −1.58 (95% CI, −4.47 to −0.14) to 7.68 (95% CI, 6.24 to 10.56) L/min. The resulting agreement interval was 9.26 L/min which returned an ATI of 2.3.ConclusionsThere are large mean differences between CO measurements obtained during Cesarean section using the LiDCOrapid and NICOM hemodynamic monitors in pregnant women at high risk of hemodynamic instability, indicating that they should not be considered interchangeable clinically. There is an unacceptably low level of agreement (ATI > 2) in CO measurements between the devices, conferring a high risk of clinical misclassification during massive hemorrhage. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Reaktive Multischichtsysteme
Authors: Pflug Erik , Bretschneider Jörg , Dietrich Georg , Zimmermann Martina , Leson Andreas 
Published: October 2018

SummaryReactive Multilayer Systems as tailored heat sources for plastic bondingsThe use of reactive multilayer systems (RMS) as a heat source for the manufacturing of thermoplastic material bondings makes it possible to completely or partially overcome the limitations of conventional joining techniques, such as gluing or welding. The release of energy, which takes place directly inside the joining zone within milliseconds can be well adapted to the properties of the plastics. Thus undesired changes in the material structure of the joining partners can be avoided. Bonding strengths which are higher than or comparable to those of commercially used joining methods can be achieved. Furthermore, a particular advantage of RMS joining is that no surface pretreatment is required. RMS bondings of thermoplastics achieve high long‐term stability for plastics, which themselves are only slightly susceptible to aging.
Die Entwicklung der Turbomolekularpumpe innerhalb der letzten drei Jahrzehnte
Authors: Barfuss Heinz 
Published: October 2018

SummaryDevelopment of turbomolecular pumps within the last three decadesOn the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the “Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis” in 2018, the author puts the turbomolecular pump at the centre of the historical overview. From the first experiments, which led to the development of this key component of modern vacuum generation in high and ultra‐high vacuum technology, to further developments up to the present day, individual technological advances made by Pfeiffer Vacuum – especially those of the last 30 years – are presented and future development trends are shown.
Bestimmung des Saugvermögens von Ionengetterpumpen
Authors: Meierott Stefan , Walter Marco , Bergner Klaus , Flämmich Michael , Bergner Ute 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe pumping speed of ion getter pumps – Comparison of measurement methodsPumping speed measurements of sputtering ion pumps are typically carried out according to DIN 28429 or ISO/DIS 3556‐1.2.In this article, we take a look at the differences between these two measurement methods. Based on experimental data, the impact of pressure holding times on reproducibility and absolute values of the extracted pumping speeds are discussed.Pumping speed measurements according to the now withdrawn ISO/DIN 3556‐1.2 may yield up to 30 % higher values than values based on the validated DIN28429. The definition of sampling times according to DIN 28429 enables reproducible measurements.