bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Losartan, but not Enalapril and Valsartan, Inhibits the Expression of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17F and IL-22 in PBMCs from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Cardoso Pablo R. G. , Matias Katherine A. , Dantas Andrea T. , Marques Claudia D. L. , Pereira Michelly C. , Duarte Angela L. B. P. , Rego Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo , Pitta Ivan da Rocha , Pitta Maira Galdino da Rocha 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic and inflammatory disease that affects about 1% of the world's population. Almost 70% of RA patients have a cardiovascular disease such as Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). Inflammatory cytokines are clearly involved in the pathogenesis of RA and correlated with SAH.

Objective:
It is necessary to understand whether the antihypertensive drugs have a dual effect as immunomodulators and which one is the best choice for RA SAH patients.

Methods:
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from 16 RA patients were purified and stimulated or not stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAB and were treated with Enalapril, Losartan and Valsartan at 100μM. Patients were evaluated for clinical and laboratory variables including measures of disease activity by Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score (DAS28). Cytokines were quantified by ELISA sandwich.

Results:
Losartan was able to reduce levels of IFN-γ (p = 0.0181), IL-6 (p = 0.0056), IL-17F (0.0046) and IL-22 (p = 0.0234) in RA patients. In addition, patients in remission and mild score (DAS28<3.2 and CDAI<10) had a better response to treatment. On the other hand, patients in moderate and severe activity had poor response to Losartan in cytokine inhibition.

Conclusion:
PBMCs from RA patients are responsive in inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines using Losartan better than Enalapril and Valsartan and it could be a better antihypertensive choice for patients with RA and systemic arterial hypertension treatment.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE STUDENT WORKSHEET BASED ON PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT
Authors: Sari Kartika Arum , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun , Wibowo Widodo Setiyo 
Published: September 2018

This research aims to (1) produce a reasonable science student worksheet to improve collaboration and communication skills of junior high school student, (2) • determine the student's collaboration skills training by the Wadi worksheet, (3) • determine the student's communication skils training by the Wadi worksheet, (4) • determine the student's response after using the worksheets. This research is R D with 4 D models (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The instruments used in this research consisted of validation form of science student worksheet, the student's questionnaire response form, the form of learning process with project based learning models, self-just my assesment of collaboration skills, peer-just my assesment of collaboration skills, observation sheet of collaboration skills, and observation sheet of communication skills. The data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis for the data of worksheet's validation and students's response. Quantitative analysis for collaboration skills training of self-just my assesment; Peer-just my assesment; and observation sheet data and communication skills training of observation sheet data that for both of them by percentage calculations-gain score calculation U Mann-Whitney, and for percentage of learning process. The result showed that (1) the worksheet that has produced was reasonable to improve collaboration and communication skills of junior high school student; (2) student's collaboration skills training have moderate categories, 31.54% from it is "enough" to be "good" with significantly difference before and after using the worksheet score, by signification value (Sig) was 0.000; (3) the student's communication skills training have moderate categories, it is 47.96% from "less" to be "good" with significantly difference before and after using the worksheet score, by signification value (Sig) was 0.000; (4) the student's response got the worksheet with very well categories (A).
Claudin-14 Gene Polymorphisms and Urine Calcium Excretion
Authors: Arcidiacono Teresa , Simonini Marco , Lanzani Chiara , Citterio Lorena , Salvi Erika , Barlassina Cristina , Spotti Donatella , Cusi Daniele , Manunta Paolo , Vezzoli Giuseppe 
Published: September 2018

Background and objectives
Claudin-16 and -19 are proteins forming pores for the paracellular reabsorption of divalent cations in the ascending limb of Henle loop; conversely, claudin-14 decreases ion permeability of these pores. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in gene coding for claudin-14 were associated with kidney stones and calcium excretion. This study aimed to explore the association of claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with calcium excretion.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a retrospective observational study of 393 patients with hypertension who were naïve to antihypertensive drugs, in whom we measured 24-hour urine calcium excretion; history of kidney stones was ascertained by interview; 370 of these patients underwent an intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride infusion (2 L in 2 hours) to evaluate the response of calcium excretion in three different 2-hour urine samples collected before, during, and after saline infusion. Genotypes of claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 were obtained from data of a previous genome-wide association study in the same patients.

Results
Thirty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the 3′ region of the claudin-14 gene were significantly associated with 24-hour calcium excretion and calcium excretion after saline infusion. The most significant associated single-nucleotide polymorphism was rs219755 (24-hour calcium excretion in GG, 225±124 mg/24 hours; 24-hour calcium excretion in GA, 194±100 mg/24 hours; 24-hour calcium excretion in AA, 124±73 mg/24 hours; P<0.001; calcium excretion during saline infusion in GG, 30±21 mg/2 hours; calcium excretion during saline infusion in GA, 29±18 mg/2 hours; calcium excretion during saline infusion in AA, 17±11 mg/2 hours; P=0.03). No significant associations were found among claudin-16 and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and calcium excretion and between claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and stones. Bioinformatic analysis showed that one single-nucleotide polymorphism at claudin-14 among those associated with calcium excretion may potentially influence splicing of transcript.

Conclusions

Claudin-14 genotype at the 3′ region is associated with calcium excretion in 24-hour urine and after the calciuretic stimulus of saline infusion.
A Framework for Legacy Source Code Audit Analytics
Authors: Moffitt Kevin C. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
An internal audit engagement at a large bank revealed that legacy software code can represent significant risk to an organization. In this engagement, several instances of malicious COBOL source code were discovered through manual inspection and identification. The internal auditors were concerned that more instances of faulty code could be in the production environment, and that manually inspecting over 100 million lines of source code would be infeasible. Under their auspices, I developed the Retrospective Static Source Code Analysis Framework for automatically identifying source code files likely to contain source code faults. We implemented this audit analytic framework in a tool called COBOL Analyzer. Using the tool, the auditors discovered thousands of potential source code files with faults and, using a ranking method, audited the most suspicious ones. The tool was deemed a success and it is undergoing further development by the internal audit team.
The Influence of Country-Level Religiosity on Accounting Conservatism
Authors: Bjornsen Matt , Do Chuong , Omer Thomas C. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
This study investigates how religiosity (i.e., the strength of religion) differences across countries influence an important characteristic of financial reporting, accounting conservatism. Prior literature suggests that religious individuals are more risk averse and have higher ethical standards, while accounting conservatism has been shown to reduce various risks to the firm (e.g., bankruptcy and stock price crashes) at the expense of higher reported earnings. We find that managers in more religious societies report more conservatively. Specifically, our cross-country analysis reveals that firms headquartered in countries with higher levels of religiosity exhibit, on average, higher accounting conservatism in financial reporting. This positive association is stronger in countries following IFRS or U.S. GAAP, and weaker in countries with a high degree of uncertainty avoidance, strong legal enforcement, and countries with greater numbers of religions.
JEL Classifications: G34; M41; Z12.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Stress Coping Strategies among College Students: A Case in the College of Education, Eritrea Institute of Technology
Authors: Yikealo Dawit , Tareke Werede 
Published: September 2018

The study was intended to investigate the stress coping strategies among College of Education (CoE) students in Eritrea Institute of Technology, Mainichi. To investigate the students’ stress coping strategies, descriptive research was carried out among a total of 123 students participants who were randomly drawn from the CoE took part in the study. A self-developed College Students Coping Strategies Scale which entails 15 items has been utilized. The results of the study presented that the students were found to use more positive stress coping strategies than the negative ones. An independent-sample t-test result indicated there is no statistically significant relationship between gender and both positive and negative stress coping strategies. The study is expected to have an impact on broadening the horizon of knowledge and understanding of stress coping strategies practiced by the college of education students. The study will support the college students to identify the positive and negative coping strategies, thereby stick to the healthy ones.
Contemplação e Maravilhamento: limites da causalidade em Platão, felicidade e prazer em Aristóteles, transcendência e emanação em Plotino
Authors: Assis Jean Felipe de 
Published: September 2018

Os variados contextos históricos e intelectuais nos quais o termo contemplação (theōría) se apresenta no mundo antigo propiciam diferentes entendimentos sobre as relações entre os discursos filosóficos, místicos e religiosos. A investigação das causas – aitíai – e das coisas em si – ousíai – pode ser avaliada por meio de algumas noções a respeito do ato contemplativo em autores selecionados. Desta maneira, revisam-se algumas premissas das implicações filosóficas da noção de contemplação a partir de textos específicos de Platão, de Aristóteles e de Plotino. No primeiro, a relação entre os sentidos e a Ideia na formação das mais variadas epistêmai possui na theōría a sua base de argumentação, tornando manifesta a expressão do Bem, conforme a Alegoria da Caverna na República e a inexpressabilidade da ousía na Carta VII salientam. No caso aristotélico, a contemplação se assemelha a um princípio unificador, pelo qual conhecimento, prazer, felicidade e aplicações éticas se relacionam e encontram sua sustentação. No pensamento de Plotino, o desejo por transcendência, a partir da contemplação do Bem e da emanação do Uno, encontra-se presente em todos os seres. Conclui-se, durante esta breve exposição da noção de contemplação nos três autores supracitados, que o princípio de causalidade, implícito e explícito em suas discussões metafísicas, possui em si algo evasivo, o qual somente pode ser eliminado por um sentimento que integre elementos distantes das ambições técnicas. Tais constatações, portanto, enfatizam a imperativa investigação do maravilhamento para o pensamento humano.
A desmedida na medida de Natalia Leite
Authors: Sousa Edson Luiz André de 
Published: September 2018

Este texto aborda o trabalho de Natalia Leite, interna do Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro e que vem desenvolvendo um impressionante trabalho artístico. Suas obras são espécies de estiletes que buscam romper com os espaços de clausura da instituição psiquiátrica. Trago para conversar com o trabalho de Natalia um poema de Rainer Maria Rilke intitulado “A pantera”, onde o poeta ensaia uma reflexão sobre os automatismo de repetição e os movimentos que temos que fazer para interromper o movimento de girar sempre sob o mesmo ponto sem nunca sair do lugar.
Los estudiantes
Authors: Dubet François 
Published: September 2018

En este texto se busca establecer parámetros para responder a la pregunta ¿qué son los estudiantes?, en el contexto de la educación superior en Francia, considerando, en principio, la aparición de dos procesos que dominan la vida universitaria de dicho país desde hace 40 años: la masificación del acceso a los estudios superiores y la diversificación de la oferta universitaria. Se revisan las múltiples variantes que arroja el traslape de estos dos fenómenos partiendo de dos premisas: los estudiantes incluyen, a la vez, a gran parte de la juventud, una juventud definida por condiciones de vida que rebasan a la propia universidad, y también son estudiantes propiamente dichos, definidos por condiciones de estudios particulares. El estudiante no se puede reducir ni a su papel ni a su condición, sino que elabora una experiencia que articula una manera de ser joven y una relación con los estudios.A través del análisis del recorrido que representa la vida estudiantil se intenta comprender, también, por qué el mundo estudiantil, pese a estar débilmente organizado, se constituye como actor colectivo durante algunas movilizaciones masivas y movimientos que plantean frecuentemente a la sociedad francesa el problema del lugar y la función de la enseñanza superior.AbstractThis article attempts to establish parameters in order to answer the question: What are students? within the context of higher education in France , considering, firstly, the appearance of two processes ruling university life in that country for the last 40 years: the mass access to higher education and the diversification of the university offer. This works reviews the multiple variants that these two overlapping phenomena yield, starting from two premises: the students include, at the same time, a great part of today's youth, a youth defined by living conditions that surpass the university itself, and they are also students, defined by conditions of particular studies. The student can not be reduced either to his/her role or to his /her condition, but he/she creates an experience that articulates a way of being young and a relationship with studies.Through the analysis of what student life represents, we also attempt to understand why the student world, in spite of being weakly organized, becomes a collective actor during some mass demonstrations and movements that frequently pose to French society the problem of the place and function of higher education.
Práctica docente en la escuela primaria y la producción de textos: el resumen
Authors: Tiburcio Esteban Mtra. Celestina 
Published: September 2018

Este artículo describe la práctica docente que llevó a cabo una profesora de sexto grado de primaria (Plan 93) en la materia de español. Específicamente, se analizan las producciones escritas (resúmenes) de los estudiantes y el desarrollo de las actividades que se llevaron a cabo como parte de la elaboración de una lección del libro de texto. Se identificó que la mediación docente influye en la producción de los escritos, pero no de forma determinante debido a que los estudiantes se enfrentaron al dilema de conjugar la imprecisión de la instrucción oral del docente con las recomendaciones detalladas del guión didáctico, generando así producciones distintas a las que el guión solicitaba, pero que aun así retomaban ambas instrucciones. Por otro lado, el análisis de las producciones escritas permite explorar tanto la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes (acerca del texto que resumieron) como la estructura de los resúmenes (escrito solicitado por el guión didáctico del libro de texto) y rastrear la estrategia que siguió cada estudiante para producir su texto. El resultado del análisis de los escritos permitió explorar y reflexionar sobre los procedimientos que siguió cada estudiante para realizar un resumen, lo que a nivel microgenético podría ser representativo de actividades cognitivas de diferente orden.AbstractThis article describes the teaching practices used by a sixth grade teacher in a primary school to teach Spanish to her students (Plan 93). Specifically, we analyse the student’s written work (summary of a text) as well as the development of activities taken from a Spanish textbook. Teacher mediation is identified as influencing student’s writing however it was not the only determining factor shaping their work. The data suggest that students faced the dilemma of combining the imprecision of the teacher’s oral instruction with the detailed recommendations of the textbook instructions. This tended to generate written texts on the part of the students which, while diverging from textbook instructions to meet oral instructions, still manage to capture both sets of didactic requirements (oral and written). In addition, analysis of the written work provides opportunities to explore both the reading comprehension of students (in relation to the summarized text), as well as the structure of the abstracts (requested by the textbook instructions). This allows us to identify and trace strategies used by students to produce theirtexts. The analysis provides an opportunity to explore and reflect on the processes used by students to summarize a text which might be relevant, on a micro genetic level, to cognitive activity of a different order.Recibido: 11 de febrero de 2011Aceptado: 04 de agosto de 2011
Educación rural en Finlandia: experiencias para México
Authors: Juárez Bolaños Dr. Diego 
Published: September 2018

Localizada en el extremo noreste de Europa, Finlandia es una nación cuyo sistema educativo ha sido reconocido a nivel mundial a partir de la publicación de los resultados de las pruebas PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Además, en este país existe una amplia red de escuelas rurales que trabajan mediante la modalidad multigrado, por lo que la suma de éxito internacional en materia educativa y ruralidad han sido factores para desarrollar el presente artículo. En éste se describe el contexto social y educativo en el cual se insertan las escuelas primarias multigrado de Finlandia, se analizan las prácticas educativas y apoyos extra escolares desarrollados en este tipo de aulas y se proponen algunas recomendaciones para mejorar la educación multigrado en México.AbstractLocated in the northeast corner of Europe, Finland is a nation whose educational system has been recognized worldwide after the publication of the results of PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Additionally, this country has a vast network of rural schools working with multi-grade mode, so the amount of international success in education and rural areas has been important to develop this article. Here , it is described the social and educational context in which multigrade primary schools in Finland are inserted , discusses the educational practices and school extra support developed in such classrooms, and suggests some recommendations for improving multigrade education in Mexico.Recibido: 27 de mayo de 2011Aceptado: 14 de septiembre de 2011
La gobernanza local en la educación: el papel de la supervisión escolar
Authors: Valencia-González Romero Mtra. Karla 
Published: September 2018

En el texto se realiza el análisis del caso de la desconcentración de los servicios educativos en la delegación Iztapalapa, en el marco de la no descentralización de dichos servicios del Distrito Federal, resaltando así el papel del supervisor escolar como nodo institucional de la red política de políticas públicas para el impulso de la gobernanza educativa con gobernabilidad. Es un material que bien podría interesar a hacedores de políticas públicas, supervisores escolares, a personas interesadas en temas de educación, de desarrollo local, cómo se implementa en un mundo global, con tintes racionales. Recibido: 28 de junio de 2012 Aceptado: 02 de julio de 2012
Rasgos de la evolución reciente de la Universidad Veracruzana
Authors: Casillas Alvarado Dr. Miguel Angel , Aguilar García L. I. Amanda 
Published: September 2018

La intención de este artículo es hacer observable la academización de la Universidad Veracruzana (UV), como uno de los cambios más significativos que ha tenido lugar en nuestra institución, y que le ha permitido sentar las bases para transitar de una institución centrada en la docencia (tradicionalista) a ser una universidad moderna. Para lograrlo analizamos algunos indicadores fundamentales como: el total de Profesores de Tiempo Completo (PTC), su grado académico y el total de PTC con perfil deseable PROMEP (Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado), miembros del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) y del Sistema Nacional de Creadores (SNC). El análisis muestra un panorama general institucional, así como las brechas por áreas académicas y regionales (La Universidad Veracruzana tiene varios campus a lo largo del estado de Veracruz), evidenciando así cómo han sido los procesos y los ritmos en que los académicos de la UV han culminado sus procesos de habilitación. El artículo no solo permite apreciar una evolución diferenciada de la Universidad Veracruzana, también es posible ubicar a nivel nacional su posición con respecto a otras Instituciones de Educación Superior. Los restos entonces se presentan en dos escenarios al interior de la Universidad y frente a otras instituciones.AbstractThis article intends to illustrate the “academization” of ‘Universidad Varacruzana’ as one of the most significant changes taking place in our Institution. A change that has laid the foundations of the transition from a (traditionalist) teacher-centred model to a modern university. To achieve this goal we analyse some essential indicators such as: the total number of full-time professors (FTP) fullfilling the required PROMEP (Program for the Improvement of University Professors) indicators, members of the National Researchers System (SNI) and the National Systems of Creators (SNC). This analysis provides an overview of the institution and shows the gaps per academic areas and per regions or campus (our University has several different campuses along the State of Veracruz), which provides evidence of the process and the rates in which the professors of the University have completed their enabling processes. This article will not only allow for visibilizingthe differentiated evolution of ‘Universidad Veracruzana’, but also contributes to a clear understanding of the position of our university at the national level with regard to other Higher Education Institutions. The challenges are viewed in two different scenarios: at the interior of the university and in comparison to other institutions. Recibido: 03 de julio de 2012Aceptado: 05 de noviembre de 2012