bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of IgM-enriched Immunoglobulin for Vasopressor-resistant Vasoplegic Shock After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Willuweit Katharina , Bezinover Dmitri , Herzer Kerstin , Nowak Knut M. , Paul Andreas , Saner Fuat H. 
Published: June 2018

Background
Vasoplegia is a clinical condition typically manifested by cardiovascular instability unresponsive to the usual doses of inotropes or vasopressors. It can occur in a variety of clinical settings including liver transplantation (LT). Immunoglobulins have been used to treat sepsis-related vasoplegia. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (IgMIg) on 30-day mortality and its ability to reverse vasoplegia in patients undergoing LT.

Methods
Between May 2013 and November 2017, 473 LT were performed at our institution. We identified 21 patients who received IgMIg for 3 days to treat vasoplegia. Patients included in the study met the criteria for having vasoplegia and required noradrenaline administration greater than 1 μg·kg−1·min−1 for more than 24 hours to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 70 mm Hg or greater. Procalcitonin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were used as surrogate markers for inflammation and were measured at the beginning and end of IgM treatment.

Results
After IgMIg administration, median noradrenaline infusion rates could be significantly reduced from 1.6 μg·kg−1·min−1 (1.3-2 μg·kg−1·min−1) to 0.16 μg·kg−1·min−1 (0.08-0.34 μg·kg−1·min−1) (P < 0.001). In addition, after treatment, procalcitonin levels decreased significantly from 44 ng/mL (24–158) to 26.1 ng/mL (10.9-48.7) (P < 0.001) and IL-6 levels decreased significantly from 63 pg/mL (29-102) to 20 pg/mL (11-20) (P < 0.001). Thirty-day morality was 14.3%.

Conclusions
The administration of IgMIg in patients with vasoplegia after LT is associated with a return of hemodynamic stability. Despite a predicted mortality of over 90% by Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment score, the mortality rate of patients receiving IgMIg in our study was less than 20%.
Arthropod Abundance Associated with the Natural Resources Conservation Service: Implications for Greater Sage-Grouse Management
Authors: Goosey H.B. ,   Arthropod Abundance and Grazing Livestock
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTOne goal of the Natural Resource Conservation Service’s Sage-Grouse Initiative was to reverse the western US trend of declining sage-grouse populations. The sage-grouse initiative aims at preventing ‘sod-busting’ activities (conversion of native habitats into cropland) which is identified as the largest threat to stable sage-grouse populations and their habitats (USFWS 2010). Rest-rotation livestock grazing is implemented on sage-grouse ‘core areas’ with the purpose of improving rangeland health on private lands and eliminate the need of listing sage-grouse on the threatened or endangered species list. We collected arthropods in central Montana from three habitat classes associated with the Sage-grouse Initiative: 1) Grazed (actively grazed livestock pastures), 2) Deferred (Ungrazed pastures), and 3) Idle (Lands of the Lake Mason National Wildlife Refuge lower unit) and report here on 2012-2014 findings. Total arthropod catches in pitfall traps were greatest from livestock Idle pastures; however, greater numbers of those arthropods classified as sage-grouse food were caught from Deferred pastures. Differences in habitat class catches revolved primarily around the high levels of thatch found on the Lake Mason Wildlife Refuge which altered the community composition and predator:prey ratios.
RPA resolves conflicting activities of accessory proteins during reconstitution of Dmcl-mediated meiotic recombination
Authors: Chan Yuen-Ling , Zhang Annie , Weissman Benjamin P. , Bishop Douglas K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDmc1 catalyzes homology search and strand exchange during meiotic recombination in budding yeast and many other organisms including humans. Here we reconstitute Dmc1 recombinationin vitrousing six purified proteins including Dmc1 and its accessory proteins RPA, Rad51, Rdh54/Tid1, Mei5-Sae3, and Hop2-Mnd1 to promote D-loop formation between ssDNA and dsDNA substrates. Each accessory protein contributed to Dmc1’s activity, with the combination of all six proteins yielding optimal activity. The ssDNA binding protein RPA plays multiple roles in stimulating Dmc1’s activity including by overcoming inhibitory effects of ssDNA secondary structure on D-loop reactions, and by stabilizing and elongating D-loops. In addition, we demonstrate that RPA limits inhibitory interactions of Hop2-Mnd1 and Rdh54/Tid1 that otherwise occur during assembly of Dmc1-ssDNA nucleoprotein filaments. Finally, we report interactions between the proteins employed in the biochemical reconstitution including a direct interaction between Rad51 and Dmc1 that is enhanced by Mei5-Sae3.
Robust detection of tandem repeat expansions from long DNA reads
Authors: Mitsuhashi Satomi , Frith Martin C , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Miyatake Satoko , Toyota Tomoko , Adachi Hiroaki , Oma Yoko , Kino Yoshihiro , Mitsuhashi Hiroaki , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTandemly repeated sequences are highly mutable and variable features of genomes. Tandem repeat expansions are responsible for a growing list of human diseases, even though it is hard to determine tandem repeat sequences with current DNA sequencing technology. Recent long-read technologies are promising, because the DNA reads are often longer than the repetitive regions, but are hampered by high error rates. Here, we report robust detection of human repeat expansions from careful alignments of long (PacBio and nanopore) reads to a reference genome. Our method (tandem-genotypes) is robust to systematic sequencing errors, inexact repeats with fuzzy boundaries, and low sequencing coverage. By comparing to healthy controls, we can prioritize pathological expansions within the top 10 out of 700000 tandem repeats in the genome. This may help to elucidate the many genetic diseases whose causes remain unknown.
Barriers to social sustainability in the health-care industry in the UAE
Authors: Khan Mehmood , Ajmal Mian , Hussain Matloub , Helo Petri 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThis study aims to identify barriers to social sustainability in the health-care industry in the United Arab Emirates. Furthermore, the impact of these dimensions on social sustainability is examined.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive questionnaire has been developed based on semi-structured interviews with different departments of two tertiary hospitals in the first phase. In the second phase, data are collected from ten public and private hospitals situated in the United Arab Emirates. In the third phase, responses are examined using principal component analysis to identify the five major barriers for social sustainability. A measurement model (confirmatory analysis) is developed to examine the relationship among these dimensions. Finally, a structural model is developed to examine the significance of these dimensions to the notion of social sustainability in health care.FindingsThe statistical model shows a 61 per cent variance for social sustainability, which is caused by infrastructure, organizational culture, lack of coordination, stakeholder’s disparity and uncertainty, which are positively and highly correlated measurement barriers to social sustainability practices implementation.Research limitations/implicationsHealth-care professionals and stakeholders believe that the elimination of obstacles to social sustainability must be multi-dimensional and not limited to specific practices.Practical implicationsThis study would enable health-care industry to examine the extent of obstruction for social sustainability. Hospital administrators and medical professionals could use this feedback to assess and benchmark their performance against that of other competitive hospitals.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is to advance the understanding of social sustainability in the health-care sector by viewing it from the perspective of the stakeholders and the social exchanges that occur among them.
Walking the public: re(visiting) Athens’s historical centre
Authors: Kanellopoulou Dimitra 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Since the 1980s, planning public spaces for leisure walking is largely linked with economic and cultural objectives. Parallel to this tendency and the priorities of local authorities on barker public space projects, inhabitant’s associations, that grow up after the 2000s, propose new ways of visiting the city through collective walks. Drawing on the example of the Atenistas group, and based on the discourses of its founders, its presence on social media and the narratives of participants, the purpose of this paper is to question the emergence and function of new forms of urban walking that joggle between tourism, social exchange and act of citizenship.

Design/methodology/approach
The case study is based on personal semi-directive interviews with organisers and participants at “Atenistas Open Walks”. It is also based on interviews that have been held with architects and urban planners within technical services of the municipality of Athens as also as within private sector’s structures.

Findings
First insights from the study question pedestrianisation as a dominant urban planning tool towards animated street life and performant local economy. Contrary to the traditional top-down approach in Athens’s public space planning which uses pedestrianisation or land management to re-invest on the city centre, Atenistas Open Walks reveal the existence of alternatives ways of a re-engagement with city values and history. People search to explore the city by themselves and re-trace their proper itineraries (and ways of seeing the city) by outpassing official discourses on the decline, the success, the dangerousness or the beautifulness of certain neighbourhoods. Consequently, walkers constantly nourish their will to better understand the city. Public space experience outpasses morphological or functional issues. The act of walking with others in the city willing to explore places and to exchange on this experience, confront people with different narratives and trajectories and can momently be a strong factor of social cohesion and activation of public space with significant impacts on local economy. Walking collectively can emerge, in this way, as a counter model of public space planning capable of revitalise not only touristic activity, but also citizenship.

Originality/value
The study questions dominant discourses that link urban liveability and touristic attractiveness of urban centres with recreational events and streets’ pedestrianisation projects.
Information content of web-based stock ratings: the case of Motley fool CAPS data
Authors: Mahajan Arvind 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to answer a fundamental question – are individual stock picks by a particular internet investment community informative enough to beat the market? The author observes that the stock picks by the CAPS community are reflective of existing information and portfolios based upon CAPS community stock rankings do not generate abnormal returns. The CAPS community is good at tracking existing performance but, it lacks predictive ability.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a unique data set of stock ratings from Motley Fools CAPS community to determine the information content embedded in these ratings. Observing predictive ability of this web-based stock ratings forum will raise questions about the efficiency of the financial markets. The author forms stock portfolios based on stocks’ star ratings, and star rating changes, and test if the long-short portfolio strategy generates significant α after controlling for single, and multi-factor asset pricing models, such as Fama-French three-factor model and Carhart four-factor model.

Findings
The paper finds no evidence that the CAPS community ratings contain “information content,” which can be exploited to generate abnormal returns. CAPS community ratings are good at tracking existing stock performance, but cannot be used to make superior forecasts to generate abnormal returns. The findings are consistent with the efficient market hypothesis. Furthermore, the author provides evidence that CAPS community ratings are themselves determined by stock performance rather than the other way around.

Originality/value
The study employs a unique data set capturing the stock ratings of a very popular web-based investment community to evaluate its ability to make better than random forecasts. Besides applying well-accepted asset pricing models to generate α, the study conducts causality tests to discern a causal relation between stock ratings and stock performance.
From small and generalized to big or specialized
Authors: Kask Johan , Prenkert Frans 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Retail has evolved over the past century alongside megatrends such as urbanization, consumerism and digitalization. To contribute to existing knowledge on patterns of retail form evolution, the purpose of this paper is to investigate when and how novel retail forms have evolved in the Swedish sporting goods market.

Design/methodology/approach
An evolutionary approach that encompasses population thinking is used to interpret the history of sporting goods retailing in Sweden from the interwar era onwards. Drawing on archival data and interviews, the focus in the historical analysis is on the evolution of retail form variation in terms of size, strategy, product range and retail channel (online/offline).

Findings
The paper suggests that evolutionary mechanisms cumulatively have changed the sports retail population from a rather homogenous set of smaller generalist stores toward a larger variety and specialization in mainly two directions: one trajectory toward small and service-focused niche specialists and the other toward high-volume sales outlets.

Originality/value
The paper provides a detailed empirical account of sports retail history in Sweden and an application of theoretical concepts contributing to an integrated investigation of empirical issues and theoretical positions. It concludes that being able to attain “closures” – finding ways to close off a section of the market and avoid direct competition – has historically been a crucial capability for individual retailers to thrive.
Managing Millennials: looking beyond generational stereotypes
Authors: Baker Rosa Nicole M. , Hastings Sally O. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine what managers perceive Millennial employees as doing in organizations to find generalizations rather than relying upon stereotypes.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 25 interviews were conducted with managers in the hospitality industry. The transcribed data were analyzed to learn about identified category-bound activities described.FindingsThree prominent findings are elaborated. First, Millennials express a desire for learning and training, because they see this as fostering advancement. Second, there were mixed evaluations of Millennials effectiveness in teamwork. Specific teamwork problems managers identified involved cliquish behavior. Finally, managers stated that Millennials desire feedback. In order for the Millennial employee to feel satisfied with the feedback, however, it needs to be ample, positive and personal.Research limitations/implicationsThe ability to generalize findings is limited because the objective of qualitative research is not to predict. The study does offer some patterned observations by managers that may be useful to future employees and other managers.Practical implicationsThe analysis revealed that some practical problems managers may face when leading Millennial employees; however, these employees bring their own solution to the workplace: a desire for training.Originality/valueExisting research on Millennials has not acknowledged the desire for training by Millennials. This is an important finding due to its implications for effective management.
Gross profitability and momentum
Authors: Bhootra Ajay 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the combined performance of momentum and a gross profitability-based strategy. The motivation stems from the strong performance of momentum on the short side and profitability on the long side, suggesting a potentially superior combined strategy. Gross profitability is also a measure of firm quality, so that another motivation is to contribute to a growing literature on factor-based investing that includes momentum and quality as potential factors.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical approach employed in the paper is standard in the asset pricing literature. The firms are sorted into portfolios based on profitability and momentum, and the combined performance is studied through independent double sorting. Both value-weighted and equally weighted returns are reported in case of key empirical results.

Findings
The combined strategy results in superior performance. Specifically, the strategy produces results 2.75 greater than the momentum strategy, and about four times as high as the profitability strategy. The strategy also has much higher Sharpe ratio that improves further when combined with size and value strategies.

Research limitations/implications
The research has significant implications for academics and practitioners alike. A new investment strategy that has not been explored in the literature is presented. The superior performance of the strategy presents a challenge for the market efficiency, and would be of interest to academics and practitioners working in the area of investment management.

Practical implications
There has been a growing interest in multi-factor investing in recent years. The paper documents that superior performance is achieved by combining two of the popular factors, namely profitability and momentum.

Originality/value
The research is the first to study the combined performance of profitability and momentum, and provide evidence on the superiority of the combined strategy.
Study in performance and morphology of polyamide 12 produced by selective laser sintering technology
Authors: Wu Junjie , Xu Xiang , Zhao Zhihao , Wang Minjie , Zhang Jie 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of selective laser sintering (SLS) method on morphology and performance of polyamide 12.

Design/methodology/approach
Crystallization behavior is critical to the properties of semi-crystalline polymers. The crystallization condition of SLS process is much different from others. The morphology of polyamide 12 produced by SLS technology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and wide-angle X-ray diffraction.

Findings
Too low fill laser power brought about bad fusion of powders, while too high energy input resulted in bad performance due to chain scission of macromolecules. There were three types of crystal in the raw powder material, denoted as overgrowth crystal, ring-banded spherulite and normal spherulite.

Originality/value
In this work, SLS samples with different sintering parameters, as well as compression molding sample for the purpose of comparison, were made to study the morphology and crystal structure of sintered PA12 in detail.
Enabling digitization by implementing Lean IT: lessons learned
Authors: Kobus Jörn , Westner Markus , Strahringer Susanne , Strode Diane 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
With the rise of digitization, IT organizations are challenged to provide efficient service delivery and offer innovative digital solutions while maintaining a constant resource capacity. To address this challenge, some IT organizations have adopted Lean Management (LM). Although LM is a standard production mode in manufacturing, it is less familiar to IT organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identify 12 lessons learned from companies who implemented LM in their IT organization (Lean IT) to free up their IT resource capacity from existing day-to-day operations so they could use it to enable their digitization strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study of two major international companies from different industries. Data were collected from 25 structured interviews.

Findings
The lessons learned provide insights into how these companies implemented Lean IT, the potential outcomes they aimed for, what they did to achieve those outcomes, how they facilitated the implementation of Lean IT, and restrictions they encountered during the implementation.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are based on a limited range of IT organizations.

Practical implications
The lessons learned inform those implementing Lean IT because they explain how companies have implemented Lean IT to facilitate digitization and the benefits and pitfalls they encountered. A comparison of Lean IT and Lean Production shows that LM is transferable to IT organizations if domain specific requirements are respected.

Originality/value
This paper reports the unique experience of companies implementing Lean IT, which can inform other companies in a similar situation.
Coalitional Instability and the Three‐Fifths Compromise
Authors: Ballingrud Gordon , Dougherty Keith L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWere the initial apportionments of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate inevitable? This article determines the coalitional stability of apportionment rules considered at the Constitutional Convention assuming the Convention limited itself to the rules proposed. Using each state's vote share as a measure of state preference, we find that the stability of legislative apportionment depended upon the states making decisions. Equal apportionment was in equilibrium with 13 states present, as in the Continental Congress, but when Rhode Island and New Hampshire were absent during the first third of the Convention, all rules were in a top cycle. With New York departing near the middle of the Convention, equal apportionment and the Three‐Fifths Clause both became stable, and the Great Compromise was reached. We conclude that the Great Compromise was partly the result of historical contingency (i.e., which states participated), rather than necessity.