bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amyloid beta25‐35 impairs docosahexaenoic acid efflux by down‐regulating fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1/SLC27A1) protein expression in human brain capillary endothelial cells
Authors: Ochiai Yusuke , Uchida Yasuo , Tachikawa Masanori , Couraud Pierre‐Olivier , Terasaki Tetsuya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDecreased levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an endogenous neuroprotective compound, in the brain are associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We previously showed that DHA is a substrate of fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1/SLC27A1), and FATP1 is localized at the abluminal membrane of brain capillary endothelial cells. We hypothesized that amyloid β (Aβ) decreases FATP1‐mediated cellular efflux (i.e. supply to the brain) of DHA at the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Here, we tested this hypothesis using a human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line, human cerebral microvessel endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3), as a BBB model. The efflux of DHA‐d5 by hCMEC/D3 cells increased time‐dependently up to 3 min. Knock‐down of FATP1 with specific siRNA indicated that FATP1‐mediated efflux accounts for 47.0% of this DHA‐d5 efflux. In hCMEC/D3 cells treated with Aβ25–35 (10 μM/24 h), which we employed as an in vitro model of the BBB in AD, FATP1 protein expression in the plasma membrane was decreased by 96.0%, which was greater than the decrease in the whole‐cell lysate, and the DHA‐d5 efflux was decreased by 68.3%. Of this 68.3% decrease, 45.1% (47.0 × 0.96) is accounted for by the decrease in FATP1‐mediated efflux and the remaining 23.2% is presumably mediated by other mechanism(s). Thus, we have established for the first time that FATP1 is a major contributor to DHA efflux from human brain capillary endothelial cells, and its efflux activity at the abluminal membrane of the cells is blocked by Aβ. This may explain the decreased DHA level in the brain of AD patients.Open Science BadgesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Rural Clients’ Continuity Into Follow‐Up Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Impacts of Travel Time, Incentives, and Alerts
Authors: Garnick Deborah W. , Horgan Constance M. , Acevedo Andrea , Lee Margaret T. , Panas Lee , Ritter Grant A. , Campbell Kevin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeTreatment after discharge from detoxification or residential treatment is associated with improved outcomes. We examined the influence of travel time on continuity into follow‐up treatment and whether financial incentives and weekly alerts have a modifying effect.MethodsFor a research intervention during October 2013 to December 2015, detoxification and residential substance use disorder treatment programs in Washington State were randomized into 4 groups: potential financial incentives for meeting performance goals, weekly alerts to providers, both interventions, and control. Travel time was used as both a main effect and interacted with other variables to explore its modifying impact on continuity of care in conjunction with incentives or alerts. Continuity was defined as follow‐up care occurring within 14 days of discharge from detoxification or residential treatment programs. Travel time was estimated as driving time from clients’ home ZIP Code to treatment agency ZIP Code.FindingsTravel times to the original treatment agency were in some cases significant with longer travel times predicting lower likelihood of continuity. For detoxification clients, those with longer travel times (over 91 minutes from their residence) are more likely to have timely continuity. Conversely, residential clients with travel times of more than 1 hour are less likely to have timely continuity. Interventions such as alerts or incentives for performance had some mitigating effects on these results. Travel times to the closest agency for potential further treatment were not significant.ConclusionsAmong rural clients discharged from detoxification and residential treatment, travel time can be an important factor in predicting timely continuity.
Elevated serum levels of soluble CD14 in HBeAg‐positive chronic HBV patients upon Peginterferon treatment are associated with treatment response
Authors: Dou Yingying , van Montfoort Nadine , van den Bosch Aniek , Janssen Harry L. A. , de Man Robert A. , Buschow Sonja I. , Woltman Andrea M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPegylated IFNα (PEG‐IFN) is one of the treatment options for chronic HBV (CHB) patients. However, the high patient treatment burden and limited response rate together clearly ask for biomarkers to predict PEG‐IFN response. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is considered a marker for immune activation and has been shown to predict clinical outcome of HIV infection. However, studies on sCD14 in CHB infection are inconclusive, and its relationship with clinical outcome is largely unknown. Here, we measured sCD14 levels in CHB patients and investigated whether changes in sCD14 level related to PEG‐IFN response. Serum sCD14 levels were determined in 15 healthy controls, 15 acute self‐limited HBV, 60 CHB patients in different disease phases and 94 HBeAg+ CHB patients at week 0 and week 12 of a 52‐week PEG‐IFN treatment. Response to PEG‐IFN treatment was defined as HBeAg seroconversion or HBeAg loss at 26 weeks post‐treatment. The mean sCD14 level in acute HBV patients (3.0 µg/mL) was significantly higher than in CHB patients (2.4 µg/mL) and healthy controls (2.4 µg/mL). In CHB patients receiving PEG‐IFN, a significant increase in sCD14 was found after 12‐week treatment (median week 0:2.1 µg/mL; week 12:3.7 µg/mL). After 12‐week treatment, the fold change (FC = w12/w0) in sCD14 was significantly higher in responders compared to nonresponders (HBeAg seroconversion: median FCresponder = 2.1 vs FCnonresponder = 1.6; HBeAg loss: median FCresponder = 2.2 vs FCnonresponder = 1.5). Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that FC‐sCD14wk12/wk0 levels can be of significant value as a stopping rule to select patients at week 12 who are not likely to benefit from further PEG‐IFN treatment.
Should We Clash or Should I Go? The Impact of Low Wage and Poor Working Conditions on the Exit‐Voice Trade‐Off
Authors: Godechot Olivier , Salibekyan Zinaida 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe use two linked employer–employee datasets to adapt Hirschman's model of consumer behaviour into the labour market and to argue that dissatisfaction with pay should favour exit while dissatisfaction with working conditions should favour voice. A deterioration of our working conditions index increases the probability of participation in collective action when an increase in log hourly wage decreases the probability of quitting. A rationale for this trade‐off is based on information: first, information on the price of alternative options is more accessible than information on their quality; second, voice produces more information than exit and favours opportunities for specific improvements.
Emerging topics in microvascular research: Advancing our understanding by interdisciplinary exploration
Authors: Butcher Joshua T. , Murfee Walter L. , Stapleton Phoebe A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHistorically, major advances in microvascular research have been made by integrating physiology and bioengineering approaches. This Special Topics Issue focuses on providing a spotlight on emerging areas of microvascular research, showcasing how interdisciplinary collaborations and application of novel techniques can impact our understanding of tissue‐specific microvascular remodeling by integrating cell behaviors across scales. The authors in this issue investigate pericyte physiology, perturbations to uteroplacental blood flow, bone microvascular alterations in aging, molecular markers of revascularization, and microfluidic devices to mimic the lymphatic system. The articles highlight the continued importance of expanding our understanding of the microvascular system in health, and disease extends microvascular boundaries in the face of current paradigms, and illustrates how emerging leaders in the field are creating new scientific niches.
The Culture of Interest: A Proposed Addition and Revision of the Three‐Culture Model
Authors: Pely Doron , Shimoni David 
Published: May 2019

Negotiation and conflict resolution theorists have classified world cultures according to three types for the purpose of describing and predicting some of the ways in which individuals and groups within broad, geographically based cultural groups behave in conflict and negotiation‐related situations. These three broad categories, called “cultural syndromes,” have described these cultures according to the relative value they place on these three concerns: honor, face, and dignity.Based on our examination of the literature on the cultural dimensions of negotiation and conflict management, our own practice, and an analysis of literature and practice pertaining to the place and utility of the honor, face, interest, and dignity attributes within and between cultural groups, we propose a reformulation of this typology. Our reformulation would replace the broad “dignity” category with a new category that we call “interest,” which we believe better characterizes Northern European and North American cultures. We also argue that a cultural orientation toward dignity is universal and not geographically unique and is thus shared by all three cultures. This new formulation, we believe, more accurately characterizes the global range of orientations toward negotiation and conflict resolution and would, if adopted, help scholars and practitioners better understand culturally divergent conflict orientations and behaviors as well as the ramifications of such differences for negotiation and conflict resolution practice.
Validity and reliability of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale–Revised
Authors: Sönmez Betül , Ayoğlu Tuluha 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAssessment tools other than those currently available are needed to assess the technical and non‐technical competencies of operating room nurses. In this study, a methodological design was applied to perform a Turkish adaptation of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale–Revised and to conduct a psychometric analysis of the scale for its use in Turkish society. The study was conducted in two public medical faculty hospitals and three training and research hospitals located in Istanbul. The sample for the study consisted of 206 operating room nurses working in these five hospitals. Following the confirmation of the language and content validities of the scale, test–retest and internal consistency analyses were performed, and the scale's construct validity was examined. The 40 items and six subscales on the original scale were preserved in the Turkish version. Goodness‐of‐fit indices of the model indicated that a six factor construct was good and supported at an acceptable level. The scale, intended for use by nurse managers to evaluate the competencies of operating room nurses, can be applied to evaluate the professional development and performance of nurses and to identify their training needs and paths of clinical career advancement.
Oral mucosal changes associated with primary diseases in other body systems
Authors: Elad Sharon , Zadik Yehuda , Caton Jack G. , Epstein Joel B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSystemic diseases may manifest in the oral cavity. This chapter reviews the oral mucosal pathology in blood diseases, gastrohepatic diseases, kidney diseases, immunologic and connective tissue diseases, endocrine diseases, pulmonary diseases, nutritional deficiencies, dermatologic diseases, as well as cancer‐associated oral mucosal conditions. The oral mucosa is one of the most commonly affected tissues and may present with unique clinical appearances. Oral mucosal involvement may be the first presentation of the systemic disease or reflect activity or progression of the primary condition. Therefore, it is of importance to be familiar with oral mucosal manifestations of these systemic diseases.
Molecular pathways regulated by areca nut in the etiopathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Kondaiah Paturu , Pant Ila , Khan Imran 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMany oral mucosal lesions are due to substance abuse, such as tobacco and areca nut, amongst others. There is considerable evidence that oral lesions/disorders such as some leukoplakias, most erythroplakias, and submucous fibrosis have malignant potential, with a conversion rate of 5%‐10% over a 10‐year period. There have been several reports on possible biomarkers that predict malignant conversion of the oral lesions associated with these disorders. Management of these is mostly surgical removal of the lesion followed by observation, and in some cases treatment by antioxidants and anti‐inflammatory agents. Oral submucous fibrosis is due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the connective tissue plus, particularly, collagens. The deposition of collagen leads to stiffness of the affected regions and results in difficulty in mouth opening. Areca nut chewing is proposed as the most probable etiological factor in the manifestation of oral submucous fibrosis. Several studies suggest involvement of proinflammatory cytokines, dysregulated by areca nut, in the development of the disease. Amongst these, transforming growth factor‐β is in the forefront, which is also shown to be involved in fibrosis of other organs. This review addresses the molecular mechanisms involved in oral submucous fibrosis development and provides a model for the regulation of transforming growth factor‐β by areca nut. It provides an exemplar of the role of modern molecular techniques in the study of oral disease.
White, red, and mixed lesions of oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic approach to diagnosis
Authors: Warnakulasuriya Saman 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA wide range of conditions could present as persistent white or red, or mixed white and red patches on the oral mucosa. Discussed here are some common conditions encountered in clinical practice that appear as white or red patches, together with some rare, but clinically significant, conditions. Based on pathognomonic features, major diagnostic criteria are outlined to help with the differential diagnosis, while some require further investigation (eg, biopsy and/or microbiologic or hematologic investigation) to confirm the provisional clinical diagnosis. Two conditions that require special consideration are leukoplakia and erythroplakia, as they have the potential to transform to cancer.
Oral submucous fibrosis: A global challenge. Rising incidence, risk factors, management, and research priorities
Authors: Ray Jay Gopal , Chatterjee Raghunath , Chaudhuri Keya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOral submucous fibrosis is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity, with a high rate of malignant transformation. It is very common among habitual areca nut chewers. The pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis is not well established, but it is believed to be a disease of multifactorial origin, including areca nut chewing, ingestion of chilies, genetic factors, immunologic processes and nutritional deficiencies. Genetically susceptible individuals when exposed to areca nut chewing develop this disease over a variable period of time. Oral submucous fibrosis is considered to be a disease of collagen metabolism. Several genetic factors are reported but there is no consensus about the exact mechanism of disease initiation. Variations in histopathological presentation are noted among oral submucous fibrosis patients with habitual areca nut chewing in different forms and other additive agents, eg betel quid, pan masala and gutkha, together with a variety of tobacco habits. The role of epigenetic modifications, such as miRNAregulation, andDNAmethylation is also being reported as part of the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. A combined approach, including analysis of genetic and epigenetic regulations with different habits, might be helpful to better understand the contributory factors and pathogenesis of this serious disorder.
Visegrad economies’ active implication in a “new” EU: A new regional economic approach
Authors: Antohi Valentin Marian , Zlati Monica Laura , Ionescu Romeo Victor 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe EU faces maybe to the greatest challenges in its history. The paper deals with the idea of analysing the sub‐regional organisation Visegrad Group Visegrad 4 (V4) and its role in the new EU‐27 before and after Brexit. For realisation of this scope, six representative economic indicators are taken into consideration. The data analysis procedure covers latest 10 years meaning 2010–19. In order to support the analysis in the paper, first objective has the building a hypothetic optimal database which has to cover the above six indicators related to EU‐28 and V4. Second objective is relate to the performances quantification of each EU and V4’s economy based on a separately analyse. Final and the major objective is that V4 is able to face to the new global and regional challenges. The analysis in the paper is based on two new models. First of them is a regional development radiography model based on a hexagon diagram. The second is a regional evolution model based on a matrix approach. Both proposed models have distinct hypotheses, which are finally valid by the analysis. The paper puts into discussion five objectives and succeeds in achieving them. The main conclusion of the paper is that V4 is and will continue to be a growth pole for the EU economy. It would be supported by the EU in order to implement policies able to manage better employment.
Site selection of sustainable urban drainage systems using fuzzy logic and multi‐criteria decision‐making
Authors: Saadat Foomani Mahdieh , Malekmohammadi Bahram 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe rapid growth of cities together with increases in their populations is accompanied by numerous problems in run‐off management when flood events occur. The LID–BMP (Low Impact Development–Best Management Practice) approach seeks an environment‐friendly development in the management of surface run‐off. One important aspect of using such systems is to determine the optimal placement for effective storm water management. The current research presents a method for finding optimum locations for LID–BMP systems. The study area is located in the northern region of Tehran, the capital city of Iran. Three systems, infiltration trenches, vegetated swale and bioretention, were selected for this study. At first, criteria effective in finding locations for these systems were identified, comprising slope, land use and distance from streams, roads, groundwater and fault lines. Then, fuzzy logic and the analytic hierarchical process in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were employed to combine multiple layers to select optimum locations for these three systems. Finally, considering the field study and taking into account the specific land uses in the region, the optimum locations for these systems were suggested. The sensitivity analysis results showed that the suitable sites were intensely affected by the land use criterion; therefore, attention is recommended, especially in developed urban areas.
THE RISE, FALL, AND RESURRECTION OF (IDEOLOGICAL) SCIENTISM
Authors: Baron Christian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe term “scientism” is often used as a denunciation of an uncritical ideological confidence in the abilities of science. Contrary to this practice, this article argues that there are feasible ways of defending scientism as a set of ideologies for political reform. Rejecting an essentialist approach to scientism as well as the view that ideologies have a solely negative effect on history, it argues that the political effect of ideologies inspired by a belief system (including scientism and various religions) must be judged case by case—and that the appearance of complex politico‐scientific problems such as the climate problem in effect warrants some kind of ideological scientism.
Effectiveness of vertical subsurface wetlands for iron and manganese removal from wastewater in drinking water treatment plants
Authors: Martínez Girón Jader , Marín-Rivera Jenny Vanessa , Quintero-Angel Mauricio 
Published: May 2019

Population growth and urbanization pose a greater pressure for the treatment of drinking water. Additionally, different treatment units, such as decanters and filters, accumulate high concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), which in many cases can be discharged into the environment without any treatment when maintenance is performed. Therefore, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of vertical subsurface wetlands for Fe and Mn removal from wastewater in drinking water treatment plants, taking a pilot scale wetland with an ascending gravel bed with two types of plants: C. esculenta and P. australis in El Hormiguero (Cali, Colombia), as an example. The pilot system had three upstream vertical wetlands, two of them planted and the third one without a plant used as a control. The wetlands were arranged in parallel and each formed by three gravel beds of different diameter. The results showed no significant difference for the percentage of removal in the three wetlands for turbidity (98 %), Fe (90 %), dissolved Fe (97 %) and Mn (98 %). The dissolved oxygen presented a significant difference between the planted wetlands and the control. C. esculenta had the highest concentration of Fe in the root with (103.5 ± 20.8) µg/g ; while P. australis had the highest average of Fe concentrations in leaves and stem with (45.7 ± 24) µg/g and (41.4 ± 9.1) µg/g, respectively. It is concluded that subsurface wetlands can be an interesting alternative for wastewater treatment in the maintenance of drinking water treatment plants. However, more research is needed for the use of vegetation or some technologies for the removal or reduction of the pollutant load in wetlands, since each drinking water treatment plant will require a treatment system for wastewater, which in turn requires a wastewater treatment system as well.
Analytical Design of an Ackermann Steering Linkage
Authors: Wolfe W. A. 
Published: May 2019

A method is outlined whereby the dimensions of an Ackermann steering linkage may be determined analytically. The theoretical relation between the angles of rotation of the front wheels of a vehicle is derived and it is shown how this relation may be approximated by a symmetrical four-bar linkage.
The method is briefly as follows:
The basic relation between the angles of the four-bar linkage is derived and the theoretically correct relation between the angles is used to express the four-bar linkage equation as a function of one variable. If this derived equation can be made equal to zero for a suitable range of wheel-turning angle by proper adjustment of the coefficients, then the magnitudes of the coefficients will determine the physical dimensions of the linkage.
A direction solution as indicated does not seem possible so an approximate solution is developed by expressing the derived equation as a power series and adjusting the coefficients of this series so that the sum of the lower order terms deviates the least from zero.