bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Transcriptomic analysis reveals turnip mosaic virus infection and its aphid vector Myzus persicae cause large changes in gene regulatory networks and co- transcription of alternative spliced mRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Herath Venura , Casteel Clare L. , Verchot Jeanmarie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Virus infection and aphid herbivory induce robust changes in gene expression relating to environmental stress. This study employed high-throughput transcriptomic and alternative splicing analysis to understand the separate and combined impacts on host gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana by Myzus persicae (green peach aphid), and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV).
Results
By investigating changes in transcript abundance, the data shows that aphids feeding on virus infected plants intensify the number of differentially expressed stress responsive genes compared to challenge by individual stressors. This study presents evidence that the combination of virus-vector-host interactions induces significant changes in hormone and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, as well as downstream factors involved in feedback loops within hormone signaling pathways. This study also shows that gene expression is regulated through alternative pre-mRNA splicing and the use of alternative transcription start and termination sites.
Conclusions
These combined data suggest that complex genetic changes occur as plants adapt to the combined challenges posed by aphids and the viruses they vector. This study also provides new datasets that could be used in the future to dissect the genetic mechanisms mediating tripartite interactions and inform future breeding programs.
Fermentation and the Production of Ethanol From Sweet Potatoes
Authors: Amire Peace Jimoh  and O.A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Bioethanol, an alcohol produced by fermentation of plants/plant biomass (containing starch and sugars broken down by microorganisms), is regarded as a dominant form of fuel for the future. Fermentation is a metabolic process in which sugar is microbially degraded, resulting in the conversion of sugar to acids, gases, and alcohol. Sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas) were used to produce ethanol in this study. The production of this renewable fuel, particularly from starchy materials such as sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas), has a significant potential to meet future energy demand. The sweet potatoes were washed, peeled, cut, weighed, and cooked alongside the mash dilution. The fermentation process lasted for four days and included steeping the mash in distilled water. This analysis was carried out with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Distillation was used to recover the product. The presence of (OH-) was confirmed by IR analysis. The ethanol produced in this study was titrated, and the concentration was determined to be 16.337M, with a percentage yield of 75.60 percent.
ECG Criteria and Diagnostic Score for Right Atrial Disease in Children: The CHILDHEART Study
Authors: de Alencar José Nunes , Monteiro Jade Arruda Motta , Furtado Julia Teuber , Sacre Rafael Carvalho , Guerra Christine Brasil , Knoblauch Wagner Santos , Felicioni Sandro Pinelli , Scheffer Matheus Kiszka , Marchi Mariana Fuziy Nogueira , Franchini Kleber Gomes 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective(s): To develop a novel diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) score to improve the early detection of right atrial disease (RAD) and hypertrophy (RAH) in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Study design: We conducted a retrospective case-control study involving 219 pediatric patients aged 0 to 14 years with confirmed CHD and 1,418 controls without congenital disease. The ECG data were analyzed to identify specific criteria predictive of RAD/RAH. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate analyses were used to refine and develop a diagnostic score. Key variables assessed included right bundle branch block (RBBB), a pure R wave in V1, an initial q wave in V1, an S wave greater than the R wave in V6, and RV1 + SV6 ≥ 18 mm. Results: The diagnostic score demonstrated robust performance. In children under 3 years, the score achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.826. A score of ≥ 2 had a sensitivity of 63.2% and specificity of 89.7%. For children aged 3 years and older, the score had an AUC of 0.817, with a sensitivity of 48.67% and specificity of 98.1%. Conclusion(s): The CHILDHEART diagnostic score provides a practical and reliable tool for identifying RAD in pediatric patients using a standard 12-lead ECG. This score offers significant potential for early diagnosis and improved management of RAD in children, especially in clinical settings where advanced imaging modalities may not be readily available.
A Study of the Effectiveness of Lockdown During COVID-19 Using Machine Learning Methods: A Case Study of India
Authors: Yadav Ramjeet Singh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Emerging scientific research is confronting a profound challenge in predicting disease outbreaks, particularly due to the extensive and devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As cases have surged globally, researchers are tirelessly developing and refining a myriad of epidemiological mathematical models to more accurately predict the spread of this relentless disease. This study meticulously explores various parameters of the SIR (Susceptible, Infective, Recovered) mathematical modeling approach, with a specific focus on its application to the diverse and complex situation in India. The analysis rigorously considers multiple lockdown measures implemented by the Indian government, applying the model to different lockdown scenarios with careful assumptions integrated into Microsoft Excel simulations. Each lockdown scenario in India demonstrated some level of marked improvement in the predicted parameters of the SIR model, revealing promising trends. Notably, the study underscores that longer lockdowns are significantly more effective, as evidenced by enhanced metrics such as the coefficient of determination \(\:(R²)\), reduced infection rates \(\:\left(\beta\:\right)\), and a substantially lower basic reproduction number \(\:\left({R}_{0}\right)\), which dramatically decreased from 9.19 during shorter lockdowns to 2.66 during extended ones. Furthermore, the study highlights a remarkable decrease in susceptibility \(\:\left({S}_{\infty\:}\right)\), dropping from 97.69% to a much lower 48.59%. These findings brightly illustrate the profound effectiveness of prolonged restrictions in controlling the virus’s spread. The results strongly suggest that extending lockdowns, alongside robust and effective healthcare and public health measures, is crucial for better pandemic management. The study also emphasizes the urgent need for ongoing improvements in healthcare infrastructure, strategic planning, and public health responses to prepare for and mitigate future outbreaks effectively.
Research on volatile organic compounds pollution in automobile gearbox remanufacturing plant: source analysis, health risks, and control prioritization
Authors: Wang Zhuowen , Wang Ruixue , Tang Yuqing , Zhang Chenglong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The progress of the transmission remanufacturing industry is in line with the development requirements of the circular economy, but its environmental pollution problems are easily ignored. This study conducted an analysis of pollutant sources and health risks associated with VOCs in gearbox remanufacturing plants. A method for prioritising air pollutant control based on health risks and environmental impacts, alongside offering suggestions for VOC prevention and control from an environmental standpoint is established. Using the positive definite matrix factor (PMF) model, pollutant source analysis of VOCs in the plant identified five primary sources of pollution: waste transmission lubricant, carburetor cleaner, rust remover, ultrasonic cleaning water, and new transmission lubricant. Health risk evaluation revealed that the carcinogenic risk of VOCs in seven key process areas exceeds acceptable thresholds. It was observed that areas such as the disintegration area, case cleaning area, and parts inspection area pose higher carcinogenic risks, and benzene, ethylbenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and trichloromethane were identified as key contributors. Except for the staging area and parts cleaning area, the processes' locations pose noncarcinogenic health risks to humans, with the sandblasting area showing the highest risk, primarily due to toluene and methylene chloride. Furthermore, a screening method identified ten priority VOCs for control in remanufacturing plants, including methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, toluene, and ethylbenzene. These findings will contribute to the understanding of VOC pollution in gearbox remanufacturing plants, assisting the industry in implementing pollutant control measures and achieving cleaner production.
Development and application of a multi-modal sleep management program for general surgery based on the optimal healing environment model
Authors: XU Hongxia , JIANG Xiaoxiao , PAN Hongying , XU Yihong , CHEN Jun , CHENG Lili , QIAN Qieyi , LIANG Xiao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing situational insomnia among patients in general surgical wards through a combination of literature review, questionnaire surveys, and group discussions. Based on these identified factors and leveraging intelligent facilities, we developed a multi-modal sleep management program rooted in the optimal healing environment model. The program included standardizing sleep assessment and intervention processes, fostering a quiet and comfortable ward environment, implementing a medical and nursing behavior modification checklist, enhancing patient awareness of sleep, and cultivating a caring environment. Following the implementation of this program in general surgery wards, the incidence of situational insomnia decreased, noise levels during lunchtime and nighttime reduced, and patient satisfaction significantly improved. The application of a multi-modal sleep management program grounded in the optimal healing environment model can effectively improve sleep quality, expedite postoperative recovery, and enhance patient satisfaction in general surgery settings.
A Preliminary Exploration of a Novel High-Cytokine-Secreting Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell in the Treatment of Vaginitis
Authors: Cheng Yanwen , Yang Xing , Li Jingyuan , Zhou Hui , Han Xinye , He Zi , Wang Peishen , Li Na 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:Vaginitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the vagina, commonly caused by bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections, which significantly impacts the physical and psychological health of patients. Stem cell therapy, especially using cells with enhanced cytokine secretion capabilities after induction, presents a promising treatment approach. This study aims to explore a method to induce umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) to secrete higher levels of cytokines and evaluate their efficacy in treating vaginitis.
Methods:We developed an induction method using a combination of growth factors and nutrients to significantly stimulate cytokine secretion from UC-MSCs and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the induced UC-MSCs (iUC-MSCs). This evaluation included cytokine secretion capacity, secretion characteristics, cell phenotype, lipid formation ability, and safety before and after induction. Subsequently, we applied the iUC-MSCs to a vaginitis disease model and assessed the therapeutic effects of iUC-MSCs through pathology and related scoring.
Results:Flow cytometry analysis showed no significant differences in the expression of phenotypic markers of UC-MSCs before and after induction. AAH-BLG-1 antibody microarray results indicated that cytokine levels secreted by iUC-MSCs were significantly higher than those of the UC-MSCs group. Additionally, iUC-MSCs exhibited improved lipid formation ability and cell proliferation activity compared to the non-induced group. Following this, iUC-MSCs were used to treat the vaginitis model. Western blot analysis post-cell transplantation revealed a significant reduction in inflammatory factor expression in the iUC-MSCs group. Immunofluorescence results showed that compared to the UC-MSCs group and the control group, iUC-MSCs had significantly higher expression levels of COL I, CD31, and cytokeratin CK. The iUC-MSCs group demonstrated superior regeneration and repair effects at the injury site compared to other control groups.
Conclusion:Compared to UC-MSCs, iUC-MSCs exhibited higher cytokine secretion and proliferation capacities. Transplantation of iUC-MSCs not only reduced inflammation levels at the lesion site but also promoted angiogenesis, epithelial keratinization, and collagen type I restoration. These combined effects significantly enhanced the regeneration and repair of the lesion site.
A longitudinal study on the effect of aerobic exercise intervention on working memory of college students with internet addiction
Authors: yi wang , ping Hu Jian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on working memory in college students with internet addiction and the characteristics of these effects as they change over time, from both behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) perspectives.
Methods: A longitudinal study design was employed, where 48 male college students with internet addiction were screened and randomly assigned to two groups (control and experimental). The experimental group completed 40-minute sessions of aerobic cycling exercise, three times a week, for 12 weeks; the control group maintained their original physical activity habits without any additional interventions. A 3 (time points: pre-experiment, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks post-experiment) × 2 (groups: control and experimental) × 3 (electrode sites: Fz, F3, F4) mixed factorial experimental design was used to explore the effects of aerobic exercise on working memory in college students with internet addiction and how these effects evolved over time.
Results: In the experimental group, the post-test accuracy for the 1-back task was significantly higher than the pre-test (P < 0.05); for the 2-back task, both the mid-test (P < 0.05) and post-test (P < 0.001) accuracies were significantly higher than the pre-test, with the post-test accuracy being significantly higher than the mid-test (P< 0.01). Time-frequency analysis revealed that, for both 1-back and 2-back tasks, the post-test alpha band (100-200 ms) energy values in the experimental group were higher than the pre-test values (P< 0.05). For the 2-back task, the mid-test (P< 0.05) and post-test (P < 0.001) theta band (300-500 ms) energy values in the experimental group were significantly higher than the pre-test values, with the post-test values being significantly higher than the mid-test values (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: (1) Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can effectively improve working memory in college students with internet addiction, and the improvement becomes more significant as the duration of the exercise intervention increases. (2) Increases in early alpha band energy and later theta band energy in EEG are important neurophysiological indicators of the improvement in working memory among college students with internet addiction through moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.
Low serum magnesium levels are associated with malignant cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with large vessel occlusion.
Authors: Pandey Sajan , Chen Liuwei , Li Lei , Zhang Quanbin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a major challenge in the management of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study investigates the relationship between serum magnesium level and MCE after successful recanalization.
Methods:
Data from 190 consecutive patients who received successful recanalization due to acute anterior circulation occlusions in our institution between January 2017 and January 2020, were collected and analyzed. Baseline serum magnesium levels for all patients receiving MT were obtained prior to the MT. Based on the development of MCE, we divided patients into two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate whether Magnesium was an independent predictor of MCE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were determined.
Results: Of the 190 patients, 33 (17.4%) developed MCE. Patients with MCE had lower serum magnesium levels compared to those without MCE (0.77 [0.73-0.82] vs. 0.84 [0.80-0.91], p<0.001). The multivariate logistic analysis showed that serum magnesium level (odds ratio [OR]: 0.000, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.000-0.051, p=0.003) was significantly associated with the development of MCE. The ROC curve analysis revealed that serum magnesium level could predict MCE with an AUC of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.641-0.846, p<0.001). Serum magnesium <0.80 mmol/L could predict MCE with a sensitivity of 82.8% and a specificity of 63.6%. Patients with lower Magnesium had a higher incidence of hypertension, higher NIHSS scores on admission, and a higher incidence of MCE.
Conclusions: Low baseline serum magnesium on admission is associated with an increased risk of MCE in patients following MT. Assessing serum magnesium levels could be an important clinical tool for identifying patients at high risk for MCE.
Evaluation of Iranian bee pollen by characterizing its botanical origin, total phenolic content, and microbial load
Authors: Rezazadeh Aysan , Mehrabian Ahmad Reza , Maleki Hadi , Shakoori Zahra , Golbaghi Narges Zarei , Sharifi Tayeb , Yazdi Hasan , Amirsalari Mostafa Zarqami , Hajihassani Helia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Bee pollen (BP) is a beehive product known for its therapeutic properties. In this study, we aimed to evaluate 38 BP samples harvested from January 2022 to September 2022 at apiaries located in 6 provinces of Iran. The botanical origin of BP samples was determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The total phenolic content (TPC) of BP samples was evaluated using the Folin_Ciocalteu method. The total aerobic mesophiles were observed using Plate Count Agar (PCA). Based on the predominant grains, most samples were classified as monofloral, identifying 23 plant families. The results indicated a direct relationship between the increased abundance of plant families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, and Caryophyllaceae and the increased amount of TPC in BP samples, with the most significant positive influence of the Brassicaceae plant family. The mean value of TPC of methanol extracts of BP samples was 18.48 ± 1.97 mg of gallic acid equivalents per g (GAE/g). The mean value of the total aerobic mesophiles was 23,668.12 colony-forming units per g (CFU/g). The results were based on hygiene standards for human consumption. The current study is considered the first step toward standardizing Iranian BP.
Associations between serum JAML, nesfatin-1, and 25(OH)D and the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hou Qizhuo , Huang Kangkang , Liang Yunlai , Yu Wenze , Long Lu , Wang Kun , Yi Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the associations between serum junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML), nesfatin-1, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the incidence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as to explore their predictive value in DKD. Serum JAML, nesfatin-1, and 25(OH)D levels were measured in 227 patients with T2DM. All participants were categorized into tertiles based on their serum JAML, nesfatin-1, and 25(OH)D levels. For statistical analysis, multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized, moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the nomogram were developed. Of the 227 patients with T2DM, 114 (50.2%) were diagnosed with DKD. The RCS analysis showed an S-shaped association between the serum JAML and DKD occurrence, and an L-shaped association of serum nesfatin-1 or 25(OH)D with the risk of DKD. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that individuals in the highest tertile of serum JAML level had a significantly greater risk of developing DKD than those in the lowest tertile where confounders were controlled (JAML: OR 5.70, 95%CI 2.66–12.22, P < 0.001), in contrast, individuals in the highest tertile of serum nesfatin-1 or 25(OH)D had a significantly lower risk of DKD progression than those in the lowest tertile where confounders were controlled (nesfatin-1: OR 0.21, 95%CI 0.10–0.44, P < 0.001; 25(OH)D: OR 0.19, 95%CI 0.08–0.45, P < 0.001). The ROC curves showed that the serum JAML levels were better than nesfatin-1 or 25(OH)D at predicting DKD, with an optimal cutoff value of 289.47 pg/mL. Finally, a nomogram model based on the above three indicators combined with a history of hypertension, course of diabetes, and history of diabetic complications of retinopathy achieved a predictive accuracy of 87.2% in predicting DKD in T2DM population. Elevated serum JAML levels whereas decreased serum nesfatin-1 and 25(OH)D levels were associated with a greater risk of DKD in patients with T2DM. A nomogram model based on this could more accurately predict the risk of DKD in individuals with T2DM.
Effect of stellate ganglion block on postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia: A meta-analysis, meta-regression and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Miao Shuai , Tang Shixiao , Xu Jingjing , Song Guodong , Gu Shuhan , Chen Wankun , Zhang Xin , Qian Yiling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Stellate ganglion block (SGB) accelerates the return of gastrointestinal transit and improves gastrointestinal function after surgery. However, it is unclear whether such benefits translate into less postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify the effect of SGB on the incidence of PONV after general anesthesia.
Methods
We systematically searched electronic databases for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SGB with placebo or no SGB for reducing PONV after general anesthesia. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV after general anesthesia. The effect size was estimated by calculating the risk ratio (RR), with 95% confidence interval (CI). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also carried out to calculate the required information size.
Results
16 RCTs including 1385 patients were included in the study. SGB significantly reduced the incidence of PONV (RR, 0.59, 95% CI, 0.49–0.70, P < 0.0001). In addition, TSA indicated that the Z curve for SGB not only crossed the conventional boundary, but also the TSA boundary for benefit. Meta-regression analyses found no significant impact of age, female proportion, type of surgery, type of anesthesia, sample size and prophylactic administration of antiemetic on the correlation between SGB and the risk of PONV.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggested an association of SGB with a decreased incidence of PONV after general anesthesia. TSA suggested that further studies are unlikely to alter the conclusions regarding the incidence of PONV.