bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermented soymilk and soy and cow milk mixture, supplemented with orange peel fiber or Tremella flava fermented powder as prebiotics for high exopolysaccharide‐producing Lactobacillus pentosus SLC 13
Authors: Huang Min‐Lang , Huang Jing‐Yao , Kao Cheng‐Yen , Fang Tony J 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDA high exopolysaccharide‐producing Lactobacillus pentosus SLC 13 strain was isolated from mustard pickles and showed the characteristics of a probiotic. Orange peel fiber powder (OPFP) and Tremella flava fermented powder (TFP) were shown to be potential prebiotics for L. pentosus SLC 13. The present study aimed to further develop new symbiotic fermented lactic acid beverages using SLC 13 with different proportions of cow milk and soymilk as food substrates, as well as with OPFP or TFP as prebiotics.RESULTSAcidification rate (soymilk groups, 3.02–4.37 mU min−1; soymilk/milk mixture groups, 1.33–2.84 mU min−1) and fermentation time (soymilk groups, 7.09–9.25 h; soymilk/milk mixture groups, 12.51–27.34 h) indicated that soymilk represents a suitable substrate for SLC 13‐mediated fermentation. Moreover, OPFP and TFP induced a higher exopolysaccharide production of SLC 13 and a higher water holding capacity of fermented beverages. Sensory evaluations suggested that soymilk groups fermented with 10 g kg−1 OPFP (SF‐1.0P) and that with 5 g kg−1 TFP (SF‐0.5T) and also soymilk/milk mixture groups fermented with 5 g kg−1 OPFP (HSMF‐0.5P) and that with 10 g kg−1 TFP (HSMF‐1.0T) represent potential fermented drinks. Additionally, SF‐1.0P and SF‐0.5T products could be preserved for at least 21 days at 4 °C, with high viable cell counts (> 8.8 log10 CFU mL−1) and water holding capacity.CONCLUSIONIn the present study, we developed SF‐1.0P and SF‐0.5T products as a new symbiotic fermented lactic acid beverages. However, in the future, consumer acceptability could be improved by properly regulating the ratio of sugar to acid or seasoning. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of an immunoassay for the detection of carbaryl in cereals based on a camelid variable heavy‐chain antibody domain
Authors: Liu Zhiping , Wang Kai , Wu Sha , Wang Zhanhui , Ding Guochun , Hao Xiujing , Li Qing X , Li Ji , Gee Shirley J , Hammock Bruce D , Xu Ting 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe variable domain of camelid heavy‐chain antibodies (VHH) is increasingly being adapted to detect small molecules in various matrices. The insecticide carbaryl is widely used in agriculture while its residues have posed a threat to food safety and human health.RESULTSVHHs specific for carbaryl were generated from an alpaca immunized with the hapten CBR1 coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the VHH C1 and the coating antigen CBR2‐BSA was developed for the detection of carbaryl in cereals. This assay, using an optimized assay buffer (pH 6.5) containing 10% methanol and 0.8% NaCl, has a half‐maximum signal inhibition concentration of 5.4 ng mL−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 ng mL−1 for carbaryl, and shows low cross reactivity (≤0.8%) with other tested carbamates. The LOD of carbaryl using the VHH‐based ELISA was 36 ng g−1 in rice and maize and 72 ng g−1 in wheat. Recoveries of carbaryl in spiked rice, maize and wheat samples were in the range of 81–106%, 96–106% and 83–113%, respectively. Relative standard deviations of repeatability and intra‐laboratory reproducibility were in the range of 0.8–9.2% and 2.9–9.7%, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe VHH‐based ELISA was highly effective in detecting carbaryl in cereal samples after simple sample extraction and dilution. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Conversion to Chronic Invasive Fungal Sinusitis From Allergic Fungal Sinusitis in Immunocompetence
Authors: Edelmayer Luke , Ito Christopher , Lee Won Sok , Kimbrough James , Kountakis Stilianos E. , Byrd J. Kenneth 
Published: March 2019

A review of the treatment of allergic and invasive fungal sinusitis, as well as a presentation of the first recorded case of a conversion from allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) to chronic granulomatous invasive sinusitis and the fourth case of invasive fungal sinusitis associated with Curvularia. This immunocompetent patient suffering from chronic AFS converted after repeated high‐dose steroid tapers and noncompliance. AFS may present atypically and should be suspected even in immunocompetent patients with sinus disease who report new onset pain and neurologic symptoms. Clinicians should consider the potential complications associated with repeated systemic steroid administration.Laryngoscope, 129:2447–2450, 2019
Particulate inorganic to organic carbon production as a predictor for coccolithophorid sensitivity to ongoing ocean acidification
Authors: Gafar N. A. , Eyre B. D. , Schulz K. G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOcean acidification (OA) can induce shifts in plankton community composition, with coccolithophores being mostly negatively impacted. This is likely to change particulate inorganic and organic carbon (PIC and POC, respectively) production, with impacts on the biological carbon pump. Hence, assessing and, most importantly, understanding species‐specific sensitivities of coccolithophores is paramount. In a multispecies comparison, spanning more than two orders of magnitude in terms of POC and PIC production rates, among Calcidiscus leptoporus, Coccolithus pelagicus subsp. braarudii, Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, and Scyphosphaera apsteinii, we found that cellular PIC : POC was a good predictor for a species’ OA sensitivity. This is likely related to the need for cellular pH homeostasis, which is challenged by the process of calcification producing protons internally, especially when seawater pH decreases in an OA scenario. With higher PIC : POC, species and strains being more sensitive to OA coccolithophores may shift toward less calcified varieties in the future.
A NEW PLAYBOOK FOR LEADERS
Authors: Marquet L. David 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMarquet, who before he became a leadership advisor was the captain of the nuclear submarine USS Santa Fe, writes about the language people use in workplace settings, and how they react to people in different positions of power. Part of this includes dissecting the tragedy of a container ship, El Faro, that sank in 2015, causing the deaths of all 33 aboard. Marquet writes: “The problem is that the captain and crew had been programmed with an industrial age leadership playbook.” In that bygone age, workers were separated into those whose job involved thinking and those who performed the work. “Society and cultures,” Marquet states, “developed rituals, symbols, and uniforms to allow us to label and identify which group people belonged to.”
Recovery and functional validation of hidden soil enzymes in metagenomic libraries
Authors: Calderon Dayana , Peña Luis , Suarez Angélica , Villamil Carolina , Ramirez‐Rojas Adan , Anzola Juan M. , García‐Betancur Juan C. , Cepeda Martha L. , Uribe Daniel , Del Portillo Patricia , Mongui Alvaro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe vast microbial diversity on the planet represents an invaluable source for identifying novel activities with potential industrial and therapeutic application. In this regard, metagenomics has emerged as a group of strategies that have significantly facilitated the analysis of DNA from multiple environments and has expanded the limits of known microbial diversity. However, the functional characterization of enzymes, metabolites, and products encoded by diverse microbial genomes is limited by the inefficient heterologous expression of foreign genes. We have implemented a pipeline that combines NGS and Sanger sequencing as a way to identify fosmids within metagenomic libraries. This strategy facilitated the identification of putative proteins, subcloning of targeted genes and preliminary characterization of selected proteins. Overall, the in silico approach followed by the experimental validation allowed us to efficiently recover the activity of previously hidden enzymes derived from agricultural soil samples. Therefore, the methodology workflow described herein can be applied to recover activities encoded by environmental DNA from multiple sources.
A prenatally diagnosed case of Meckel–Gruber syndrome with novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the TXNDC15 gene
Authors: Ridnõi Konstantin , Šois Marek , Vaidla Eve , Pajusalu Sander , Kelder Larissa , Reimand Tiia , Õunap Katrin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMeckel–Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a well‐known rare disease that can be detected on prenatal ultrasound. Meckel–Gruber syndrome has very heterogeneous etiology; at least, 17 genes have been described in association with MKS. The characteristic findings in fetuses affected by MKS are encephalocele (usually occipital), postaxial polydactyly, and polycystic dysplastic kidneys. However, the association of the TXNDC15 gene with MKS has been reported only once before in three consanguineous families.MethodsWe report a new case of MKS diagnosed at 12 + 1 weeks of gestation with typical ultrasound findings, but with novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the TXNDC15 gene identified by whole‐exome sequencing (WES).ResultsThis is the second clinical report supporting TXNDC15 as a novel causative gene of MKS, and the first describing a case in a non‐consanguineous family with causative compound heterozygous mutations.ConclusionsMeckel–Gruber syndrome is a very heterogeneous syndrome in terms of the associated causal genes. In the first‐line diagnosis, we used an next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based large gene panel, but only 10 MKS genes were available on the platform used. In the case of prenatal ultrasound findings that are highly suggestive of MKS and a negative NGS MKS gene panel, WES should also be performed to not miss rare gene associations.
Synthesis of X‐band trisection bandpass filters using hybrid structures of λ/4 and λ/2 resonators
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Sufian , Nikolaou Symeon , Nawaz Hamza , Abbasi Muhammad Ali Babar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the design of compact cross‐coupled microstrip trisection bandpass filters based on the hybrid structures of quarter‐wavelength (λ/4) and half‐wavelength (λ/2) resonators. The desired cross‐couplings for transmission zeros (TZs) are realized by parallel‐coupled transmission‐line sections (J‐inverter) or coupled via sections (K‐inverter) of λ/4 resonators. The main‐line couplings, on the other hand, are formed by mixed‐coupled λ/4 and λ/2 resonators. To validate the proposed hybrid configurations, two X‐band trisection filters with 6.5% and 6.2% fractional bandwidth were designed. The first filter generates a TZ below the passband, while the second one produces a TZ above the passband. Minimum insertion loss of 1.7 dB and 1.5 dB was observed for the two trisection filters, respectively, while the hybrid configurations caused significant size reduction in the overall filter size. Moreover, the first spurious response for the proposed filter topologies was pushed to 3fo, resulting in a wide stopband.
The effect of acrylate functionality on frontal polymerization velocity and temperature
Authors: Bynum Samuel , Tullier Michael , Morejon‐Garcia Catherine , Guidry Jesse , Runnoe Emma , Pojman John A. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTFrontal polymerization is a method of converting monomer(s) to polymer via a localized reaction zone that propagates from the coupling of thermal diffusion with the Arrhenius kinetics of an exothermic reaction. Several factors affect front velocity and temperature with the role of monomer functionality being of particular interest in this study. Polymerizing a di and triacrylate of equal molecular weight per acrylate revealed that as the proportion of triacrylate was increased the velocity and temperature increased. This is attributed to increased crosslinking and autoacceleration. Comparing several different acrylate monomers, both neat and diluted with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) so as to maintain constant acrylate group concentration, shows that velocity increases with increased functionality from mono to difunctional monomers. This trend breaks when applied to tri‐ and tetraacrylates, with fronts containing trifunctional monomer being the fastest. Acrylates containing hydroxyl functionality, as in the case of pentaerythritol‐based triacrylates, are slower than acrylates without. This is attributed to a chain‐transfer event and was tested using octanol and a hydroxyl‐free acrylate. It has also been shown that small amounts of water cause a lowering of front velocity due to energy lost via vaporization, which lowers the front temperature. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 982–988
Evolving data analysis of an Oral Lipid Tolerance Test toward the standard for the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Cross species modeling effects of AZD7687 on plasma triacylglycerol
Authors: Morentin Gutierrez Pablo , Yates James , Nilsson Catarina , Birtles Sue 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe have developed a novel mechanistic pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to describe the time course of plasma triglyceride (TAG) after Oral Lipid Tolerance Test (OLTT) and the effects of AZD7687, an inhibitor of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), in humans, rats, and mice. Pharmacokinetic and plasma TAG data were obtained both in animals and in two phase I OLTT studies. In the PK/PD model, the introduction of exogenous TAG is represented by a first order process. The endogenous production and removal of TAG from plasma are described with a turnover model. AZD7687 inhibits the contribution of exogenous TAG into circulation. One or two compartment models with first order absorption was used to describe the PK of AZD7687 for the different species. Nonlinear mixed effect modeling was used to fit the model to the data. The effects of AZD7687 on the plasma TAG time course during an OLTT as well as interindividual variability were well described by the model in all three species. Meal fat content or data from single vs repeated dosing did not affect model parameter estimates. Body mass index was found to be a significant covariate on the plasma TAG baseline. The system parameters of the model will facilitate analysis for other compounds and provide tools to bring the standard of OLTT data analysis closer to the analyses of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test data maximizing knowledge gain.
Development of a goosegrass (Eleusine indica) draft genome and application to weed science research
Authors: Zhang Hui , Hall Nathan , Goertzen Leslie R , Bi Bo , Chen Charles Y , Peatman Eric , Lowe Elijah K , Patel Jinesh , McElroy Joseph S 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDGenomes are vital to the study of genomics, population genetics, and evolution of species. To date, only one genome (Echinochloa crus‐galli) for C4 annual weedy grass species has been sequenced. Research was conducted to develop a draft genome of goosegrass (Eleusine indica; 2n = 2x = 18), one of the most common and troublesome weeds in the world.RESULTSA draft assembly of an approximately 492 Mb whole‐genome sequence of goosegrass was obtained by de novo assembly of paired‐end and mate‐paired reads generated by Illumina sequencing of total genomic DNA. The genome was assembled into 24,072 scaffolds with N50 = 233,459 bp. More than 99% of transcriptome sequences were mapped to the goosegrass draft genome, and 95% of the commonly conserved plant genes were present. The assembled genome contains 25,467 unique protein‐coding genes. Genes associated with herbicide resistance were obtained and variant calling allowed the detection of 754,409 single nucleotide polymorphisms. In addition, we also report 115,417 simple sequence repeats which can be deployed in population genetics and phylogenetic analysis.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report of genome sequence of goosegrass. Our assembly was able to identify all major herbicide‐resistance related genes and develop a useful tool for other genomic and evolutionary analysis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Middle management involvement in resource allocation: The evolution of automated teller machines and bank branches in India
Authors: Natarajan Siddharth , Mahmood Ishtiaq P. , Mitchell Will 
Published: March 2019

Research SummaryManagers at multiple levels of a firm influence resource allocation but most research focuses on senior rather than middle managers. We study involvement of middle managers in decision making, focusing on how rewards and controls shape resource allocation. We argue that higher income growth uncertainty (rewards) and lower monitoring (controls) increase resource allocation most strongly when middle managers are more involved in decisions. We test the arguments for ATM and bank branch allocations in Indian banks from 2011 to 2014. We assess causal mechanisms by comparing more and less favorable conditions for allocation, as well as considering a poststudy exogenous shock. The results suggest that the rewards and controls have different associations with resource allocation depending on the involvement of senior and middle managers.Managerial SummaryThe study examines how rewards and controls shape resource allocation decisions by middle managers, focusing on rewards arising from uncertainty about employee income and controls based on monitoring. The work suggests that rewards and controls that influence resource allocation by one level of managers may have less effect for another level. Hence, a firm's plans for resource deployment need to include rewards and controls that are relevant for both senior and middle managers.
Corporate governance and the rise of integrating corporate social responsibility criteria in executive compensation: Effectiveness and implications for firm outcomes
Authors: Flammer Caroline , Hong Bryan , Minor Dylan 
Published: March 2019

Research SummaryThis study examines the integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) criteria in executive compensation, a relatively recent practice in corporate governance. We construct a novel database of CSR contracting and document that CSR contracting has become more prevalent over time. We further find that the adoption of CSR contracting leads to (a) an increase in long‐term orientation; (b) an increase in firm value; (c) an increase in social and environmental initiatives; (d) a reduction in emissions; and (e) an increase in green innovations. These findings are consistent with our theoretical arguments predicting that CSR contracting helps direct management's attention to stakeholders that are less salient but financially material to the firm in the long run, thereby enhancing corporate governance.Managerial SummaryThis paper examines the effectiveness and implications of integrating environmental and social performance criteria in executive compensation (CSR contracting)—a recent practice in corporate governance that is becoming more and more prevalent. We show that CSR contracting mitigates corporate short‐termism and improves business performance. Firms that adopt CSR contracting experience a significant increase in firm value, which foreshadows an increase in long‐term operating profits. Furthermore, firms that adopt CSR contracting improve their environmental and social performance, especially with respect to the environment and local communities. Overall, our findings suggest that CSR contracting directs management's attention to stakeholders that are less salient but financially material to the firm in the long run, thereby improving a firm's governance and its impact on society and the natural environment.
Optimal distinctiveness, strategic categorization, and product market entry on the Google Play app platform
Authors: Barlow Matthew A. , Verhaal J. Cameron , Angus Ryan W. 
Published: March 2019

Research SummaryNew entrants often face uncertainty regarding how to optimally position themselves within product markets. We suggest that new entrants can use two important schemas to strategically categorize themselves to gain a competitive advantage in platform markets: category exemplars and category prototypes. Using a unique dataset of more than 83,000 new Google Play developers and more than 139,000 apps, we find that the optimally distinct entry point is at a high level of exemplar similarity and a low level of prototype similarity. We find that greater alignment of an entrant with the prototype corresponds to a weaker benefit of exemplar similarity. These findings have important implications for understanding competitive dynamics within product markets, strategic positioning at entry, and the interdependence of strategic categorization decisions.
Managerial SummaryEntrepreneurial startups often find it difficult to know how to optimally position their products among a large number of rivals in highly competitive platform markets. Our study suggests that these startups can draw on two reference points to help determine the optimal positioning for their products: category exemplars and category prototypes. Exemplars include the most successful products in a market category while prototypes represent the most common products in a category. Drawing on a large dataset obtained from the Google Play app store, we find that developers can substantially increase the installs of their first app by crafting an app text description that is as similar as possible to the description of a category exemplar and as different as possible from the category's prototypical description.
Learning vector quantization and relevances in complex coefficient space
Authors: Straat M. , Kaden M. , Gay M. , Villmann T. , Lampe A. , Seiffert U. , Biehl M. , Melchert F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this contribution, we consider the classification of time series and similar functional data which can be represented in complex Fourier and wavelet coefficient space. We apply versions of learning vector quantization (LVQ) which are suitable for complex-valued data, based on the so-called Wirtinger calculus. It allows for the formulation of gradient-based update rules in the framework of cost-function-based generalized matrix relevance LVQ (GMLVQ). Alternatively, we consider the concatenation of real and imaginary parts of Fourier coefficients in a real-valued feature vector and the classification of time-domain representations by means of conventional GMLVQ. In addition, we consider the application of the method in combination with wavelet-space features to heartbeat classification.