bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New strategy of early surgery for infective endocarditis complicated by intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Hasegawa Shota , Takahashi Hiroaki , Yamanaka Katsuhiro , Okada Kenji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Early surgery for infective endocarditis with intracranial hemorrhage can cause severe bleeding, which is correlated with an increased mortality. In 2005, we started using nafamostat mesilate and low-dose heparin as anticoagulants during cardiopulmonary bypass for early surgery. The outcomes of this strategy have been reviewed.

Methods
All patients who underwent cardiac surgery for active infective endocarditis with intracranial hemorrhage between 2005 and 2023 were evaluated.

Results
There were 23 consecutive patients (median age 62 years old). Ten patients (43%) had neurologic deficits. The indication for early surgery in most patients was the presence of mobile vegetation or existing embolic events (18 of 23, 78%). No complications were associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. The median interval between the diagnosis and surgery was two days. There was 1 early death (4%) due to sepsis. There was no exacerbation of intracranial hemorrhage. One patient had new ectopic microbleeds without deterioration of neurologic findings. One patient had a new-onset cerebral infarction with neurologic deficits. None of the patients exhibited neurologic deterioration. The median follow-up duration was 26 months. overall survival was 90.7% after 5 years.

Conclusions
Our strategy of using nafamostat mesilate enabled us to safely perform early surgery in patients with intracranial hemorrhage without hemorrhage exacerbation.
Predictors of perioperative morbidity in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection
Authors: Parnasa S. Y. , Lev-Cohain N. , Bader R. , Shweiki A. , Mizrahi I. , Abu-Gazala M. , Pikarsky A. J. , Shussman N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aim
Colorectal cancer resection in the elderly may be associated with significant morbidity. This study aimed to assess perioperative morbidity in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection and to investigate risk factors for postoperative complications.

Materials and Methods
Consecutive patients aged ≥ 75 years undergoing colorectal cancer resection with curative intent between January 2014 and December 2021 at our institution were included. We evaluated risk factors for postoperative complications, length of hospital stays (LOS), 30-day readmission, and 90-day mortality rates.

Results
A total of 843 patients underwent colorectal cancer resection during the study period, of whom 202 patients were 75 years or older. Advanced age was associated with postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo score > 3b, p = 0.001). Sarcopenia, preoperative plasma albumin < 3.5 g/dL, and open and urgent surgery were significantly correlated with major complications (p = 0.015, p = 0.022, p = 0.003, and p < 0.001, respectively). LOS was longer in elderly patients with a modified 5-item Frailty Index (5-mFI) ≥ 2 and low preoperative serum albumin levels, as well as following open surgery (p = 0.006, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Sarcopenia and preoperative plasma albumin < 3.5 g/dL were predictors for 90-day mortality (p = 0.004 and p > 0.001).

Conclusion
Advanced age, sarcopenia, preoperative hypoalbuminemia, 5-mFI ≥ 2, and open or urgent surgery may serve as predictors for postoperative morbidity in the elderly population.
Seasonal variation in home-range size of the White-backed Woodpecker
Authors: Ettwein Antonia , Lanz Michael , Pasinelli Gilberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKnowing a species’ area requirements is fundamental for species conservation. For the nominate subspecies of the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos, a species of high conservation concern in Europe, estimates of the seasonal and year-round area requirements based on telemetry are missing. In the present study, we radio-tracked adult White-backed Woodpeckers in Central Europe and investigated bi-monthly home-range sizes based on three home-range estimators in relation to season, sex, body weight, and year. Home-range size of 49 radio-tracked individuals varied depending on the used home-range estimator, with minimum convex polygons (MCP) and autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE) producing 1.6–1.8 and 2–3.3 times larger seasonal home ranges than traditional kernel density estimation (KDE). Moreover, home-range sizes varied between seasons. Home ranges were smallest in February/March (predicted median home-range sizes ranged from 35 ha with KDE to 88 ha with AKDE) and April/May (KDE: 30 ha, AKDE: 55 ha) and larger during the rest of the year (KDE: 48–67 ha, AKDE: 136–184 ha). The mean home-range size of six individuals tracked in all seasons (calculated with all locations per individual) was 116 ha with KDE, 304 ha with MCP and 350 ha with AKDE. Our results highlight the importance of considering the full annual cycle when addressing area requirements of White-backed Woodpeckers and likely also of other species. Furthermore, our study shows that using multiple methods for home-range estimation may be useful to obtain results that are both comparable with those of other studies and capture the range in which the true home-range size is likely to be. For the conservation of the White-backed Woodpecker, we conclude that at least 116–350 ha of forest should be present for a pair.
Reflexive symmetric differentials and quotients of bounded symmetric domains
Authors: Patel Aryaman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For each classical irreducible bounded symmetric domain

$$\mathcal {D}$$

D

, Klingler has computed the minimum number

$$m_{\mathcal {D}}$$

m
D

such that any smooth projective quotient

$$X=\mathcal {D}/\Gamma $$

X
=
D
/
Γ

, for

$$\Gamma \in \text {Aut}^0(\mathcal {D})$$

Γ
∈

Aut
0

(
D
)

, satisfies

$$H^0(X,\textrm{Sym}^i\Omega ^1_X)=0$$

H
0

(
X
,

Sym
i

Ω
X
1

)

=
0

for

$$0<i<m_{\mathcal {D}}$$

0
<
i
<

m
D

. In this article, we extend Klingler’s result to the case when X is normal and projective. This, together with a normal version of Arapura’s result about the relationship between the vanishing of global symmetric differentials on X and the rigidity of finite dimensional representations of

$$\pi _1(X)$$

π
1

(
X
)

, gives rigidity statements for representations of

$$\pi _1(X)$$

π
1

(
X
)

and

$$\pi _1(X_{reg})$$

π
1

(

X

reg

)

in a low dimensional range, when X is a normal projective quotient of a bounded symmetric domain.
Multi-Grid Reaction-Diffusion Master Equation: Applications to Morphogen Gradient Modelling
Authors: Erban Radek , Winkelmann Stefanie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe multi-grid reaction-diffusion master equation (mgRDME) provides a generalization of stochastic compartment-based reaction-diffusion modelling described by the standard reaction-diffusion master equation (RDME). By enabling different resolutions on lattices for biochemical species with different diffusion constants, the mgRDME approach improves both accuracy and efficiency of compartment-based reaction-diffusion simulations. The mgRDME framework is examined through its application to morphogen gradient formation in stochastic reaction-diffusion scenarios, using both an analytically tractable first-order reaction network and a model with a second-order reaction. The results obtained by the mgRDME modelling are compared with the standard RDME model and with the (more detailed) particle-based Brownian dynamics simulations. The dependence of error and numerical cost on the compartment sizes is defined and investigated through a multi-objective optimization problem.
Recent Strategies and Advances in Hydrogel-Based Delivery Platforms for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zeng Jia , Gan Donglin , Ling Kun , He Mingfang , Li Jianshu , Lu Yongping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBioactive molecules have shown great promise for effectively regulating various bone formation processes, rendering them attractive therapeutics for bone regeneration. However, the widespread application of bioactive molecules is limited by their low accumulation and short half-lives in vivo. Hydrogels have emerged as ideal carriers to address these challenges, offering the potential to prolong retention times at lesion sites, extend half-lives in vivo and mitigate side effects, avoid burst release, and promote adsorption under physiological conditions. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in the development of bioactive molecule-loaded hydrogels for bone regeneration, encompassing applications in cranial defect repair, femoral defect repair, periodontal bone regeneration, and bone regeneration with underlying diseases. Additionally, this review discusses the current strategies aimed at improving the release profiles of bioactive molecules through stimuli-responsive delivery, carrier-assisted delivery, and sequential delivery. Finally, this review elucidates the existing challenges and future directions of hydrogel encapsulated bioactive molecules in the field of bone regeneration.
Two stage iterative approach for addressing missing values in small-scale water quality data
Authors: Wang Fangyu , Cui Xiaoying , Gui Yuying , Qiao Yanxin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHandling missing values in real water quality monitoring systems is essential for environmental analysis, particularly in some small-scale datasets. In the case of insufficient data size, the observed data cannot provide adequate information, inhibiting some imputing methods from working well. This study proposes a two-stage approach for addressing missing water quality data of small size on the basis of accuracy assessment. Missingness is formulated as the coexistence of ‘random missing over short periods’ and ‘long-term continuous missing’. In the first stage, the traditional mean imputation, median imputation, linear interpolation, k-nearest neighbor imputation, random forest imputation, and multiple imputation by chained equations are compared to select the optimal method. As the most suitable method across all variables, linear interpolation is used to fill in small random missing portions of the original data, providing an opportunity to expand the dataset to perform subsequent imputation. In the second stage, together with the autoregressive integrated moving average, the filling methods are similarly evaluated on the basis of data already filled in the first step. The most suitable method obtained from the comparison is used to populate the remaining long-term continuous missing data. The efficacy of the proposed approach is validated on a real water quality dataset. The results demonstrate that the two-stage iterative approach offers a feasible roadmap to impute missing values on the small-scale water quality dataset.
Disturbed areas promote more parental care and less nesting preference in females of broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)
Authors: Barboza Rafael Sa Leitao , Correia Jozelia Maria de Sousa , Souto Antonio , Schiel Nicola 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The successful survival of crocodilian hatchlings is largely dependent upon nest care by females. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand how environmental degradation affects nest site selection and parental behaviour in female crocodilians. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the relationship between anthropogenic disturbances and nesting behaviour in free-living broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris). We compared nests in a disturbed and a non-disturbed area, and anticipated differences in nest density, hatching success, female size, egg number and biomass, and parental care behaviour. We monitored 44 nests over four years in Brazil, covering 58.25 km, in a disturbed area (n = 8) and a non-disturbed area (n = 36). According to our findings, nest density was significantly higher in the non-disturbed area (1.31 nests per linear km) compared to the disturbed area (0.25 nests per linear km). However, there was a significantly higher frequency of parental care behaviour (86%) in the disturbed area compared to the non-disturbed area (34%). The other factors studied showed no statistical difference between the two areas. The results indicate that females prefer to nest in healthier, preserved environments, away from anthropogenic disturbances. Yet, presumably at the cost of extra energy expenditure, increased parental care appears to buffer against a reduction in hatching success. Despite the behavioural buffer, the clear preference for non-disturbed nesting and nursery locations underscores the need to identify and protect the remaining non-disturbed areas inhabited by these animals. Our findings suggest that these measures should positively impact the welfare and protection of C. latirostris and other crocodilian species.
SDMPH 10-year Anniversary Conference Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Weinstein Eric S. , Cuthbertson Joseph , Burkle Frederick , Wild Hannah B. , Cole Rebekah , Boyle Tehnaz , Ryder Jessica , Franc Jeffrey , Turek Matthew , O’Mathuna Donal , Cascio Wayne , Westman Anja , Verde Manuela , Caviglia Marta , Eisenman David , Holbrook Emily , Jameson Angus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The SDMPH 10-year anniversary conference created an opportunity for a researcher to present at a professional association conference to advance their research by seeking consensus of statements using Delphi methodology.

Methods
Conference attendees and SDMPH members who did not attend the conference were identified as Delphi experts. Experts rated their agreement of each statement on a 7- point linear numeric scale. Consensus amongst experts was defined as a standard deviation < = 1. Presenters submitted statements relevant to advancing their research to the authors to edit to fit Delphi statement formatting.
Statements attaining consensus were included in the final report after the first round. Those not attaining consensus moved to the second round in which experts were shown the mean response of the expert panel and their own response for opportunity to reconsider their rating for that round. If reconsideration attained consensus, these statements were included in the final report. This process repeated in a third and final round.

Results
37 Experts agreed to participate in the first round; 35 completed the second round, and 34 completed the third round; 35 statements attained consensus; 3 statements did not attain consensus.

Conclusions
A Delphi technique was used to establish expert consensus of statements submitted by the SDMPH conference presenters to guide their future education, research, and training.
The threat of abandonment: Images of the EU’s crises in post‐Maidan Ukraine
Authors: Chaban Natalia , Elgström Ole 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article further theorises and develops the notion of a threat of abandonment while trying to elucidate the applicability and usefulness of this concept in the case of Ukraine in its fight against Russia since 2014. If Ukraine perceives the European Union (EU) as weakened by multiple crises, it may translate this image into a scenario of less attention to Ukraine and its problems, and – ultimately – to a threat of abandonment, of being left alone with a powerful aggressor. Theoretically, we employ a perceptual approach. We contribute to the literature on threats of abandonment, linking it to the existence of critical expectation gaps and introducing amplifying conditions that tend to result in such gaps: a broken frame of involvement and a perceived moral injury. We also introduce a set of key factors behind a perceived risk or threat of abandonment. Empirically, we investigate how Ukrainian elites think, feel, and speak about the threat of abandonment and to what extent the two amplifying conditions were perceived to be present. Our data come from 50 in-depth interviews with Ukrainian decision makers (2016–17, C3EU Jean Monnet Network) and 53 experts’ comments published in 2022 by a Ukrainian leading social research group, Razumkov’s Centre.
Getting it right: suppression and leveraging of noise in robust decision-making
Authors: Bhalerao Rishikesh P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Noise is a ubiquitous feature for all organisms growing in nature. Noise (defined here as stochastic variation) in the availability of nutrients, water and light profoundly impacts their growth and development. Not only is noise present as an external factor but cellular processes themselves are noisy. Therefore, it is remarkable that organisms can display robust control of growth and development despite noise. To survive, various mechanisms to suppress noise have evolved. However, it is also becoming apparent that noise is not just a nuisance that organisms must suppress but can be beneficial as low noise can facilitate the response of an organism to a sub-threshold input signal in a stochastic resonance mechanism. This review discusses mechanisms capable of noise suppression or noise leveraging that might play a significant role in robust temporal regulation of an organism’s response to their noisy environment.
Annotated checklist and community composition of introduced, cryptogenic, and native polychaetes in floating dock communities of New England, USA
Authors: Davinack Andrew A. , Carlton James T. , Pederson Judith 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study presents the first comprehensive annotated checklist of polychaetes collected from floating dock communities across New England and adjacent New York areas, emphasizing the significance of rapid biodiversity assessment surveys in understanding marine biodiversity. With 61% of the identified species classified as cryptogenic, the research highlights the complexity of marine biogeography and the challenges of distinguishing between native and non-native species. The incorporation of DNA barcoding has significantly improved species identification and revealed the presence of cryptic species complexes. The study's findings illustrate the prevalence of tubicolous families (Spionidae, Serpulidae, Sabellidae, and Terebelllidae) that are susceptible to anthropogenic dispersal mechanisms. It also addresses the challenge posed by the high proportion of cryptogenic species, calling for enhanced taxonomic and genetic analyses to resolve their origins and ecological roles. Despite the temporal variation in polychaete composition across years, the absence of distinct community assemblages suggests a level of resilience within floating dock communities. Our study advocates for the continuation and expansion of rapid assessment surveys, coupled with the integration of genetic methodologies, to provide a clearer picture of marine biodiversity.
Derivations of the Total Radiation Belt Electron Content
Authors: Pitzel Jared C. , Cully Christopher M. , Ripoll Jean‐Francois , Loridan Vivien , Huang Chia‐Lin , Spence Harlan E. , Reeves Geoff D. , Murphy Kyle R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present multiple derivations of the Total Radiation Belt Electron Content (TRBEC), an indicator of the global number of electrons that instantaneously occupy the radiation belts. Derived from electron flux measurements, the TRBEC reduces the spatial information into a scalar quantity that concisely describes global aspects of the system. This index provides a simple, global, and long‐term assessment of the radiation belts that enables systematic analysis. In this work, we examine the TRBEC using the adiabatic invariants of which has been used in previous articles as this coordinate system removes reversible adiabatic effects. We then introduce a new expression to compute the TRBEC using the non‐adiabatic coordinates of , relevant in the contexts of energetic electron precipitation, chorus, and hiss scattering where adiabatic invariant quantities are no longer conserved. From both expressions of the TRBEC we demonstrate that an erroneous factor of that appeared in previous works using the adiabatic derivation led to an overestimate of the reported electron populations. In addition, we quantify electron loss in the outer radiation belt via a case study using the Van Allen Probes data over a 20‐day period from March 2013 specifying particle populations both in terms of the aforementioned adiabatic and non‐adiabatic variables. The total number of electrons in the outer radiation belt reached upwards of electrons at the peak of the storm, a rest mass of roughly 10 g.
Different Behavior of Density Perturbations Between Dayside and Nightside in the Martian Thermosphere and the Ionosphere Associated With Atmospheric Gravity Waves
Authors: Nakagawa Hiromu , England Scott L. , Kumar Aishwarya , Benna Mehdi , Harada Yuki , Sakai Shotaro , Terada Naoki , Seki Kanako , Yoshida Nao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo investigate the excitation mechanism of ionospheric perturbations on Mars by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) onboard Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN), we categorize ionospheric perturbations into three cases: (a) the ion‐neutral coupling cases where ion and neutral perturbations are well coupled, (b) the ion‐specific cases where ion perturbations move independently from neutrals, and (c) the coronal mass ejection cases associated with solar wind extreme events. A representative number of cases from total profiles are compared with a numerical model to determine the fraction that can be explained by an atmospheric gravity waves (GW). The neutral perturbations on the dayside at 170–190 km altitudes are in excellent agreement with the GW. Whereas, contrary to previous thoughts, neutral perturbations are not necessarily explained by the GW especially on the nightside at 190–210 km. Ion perturbations on the dayside at 170–190 km also show a good agreement with the GW. The agreement becomes extremely low on the nightside at 190–210 km, reaching the limit of strong ion‐neutral coupling around 190 km. Further investigation found that the behavior of the ion perturbations explicitly depends on the dayside and nightside. Its dominant driver potentially differs clearly between dayside and nightside. Statistics of relative perturbations demonstrate a clear effect associated with species scale height in neutrals. Whereas, the correlation between ions and neutrals breaks down at high solar zenith angle near southern dusk. We see currently unexplained behavior that cannot be fully interpreted by GW both at night and near southern dusk.
Tuning Earth System Models Without Integrating to Statistical Equilibrium
Authors: DelSole Timothy , Tippett Michael K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes algorithms for estimating parameters in Earth System Models (ESMs), specifically focusing on simulations that have not yet achieved statistical equilibrium and display climate drift. The basic idea is to treat ESM time series as outputs of an autoregressive process, with parameters that depend on those of the ESM. The maximum likelihood estimate of the parameters and the associated uncertainties are derived. This method requires solving a nonlinear system of equations and often results in unsatisfactory parameter estimates, especially in short simulations. This paper explores a strategy for overcoming this limitation by dividing the estimation process into two linear phases. This algorithm is applied to estimate parameters in the convection scheme of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). The modified algorithm can produce accurate estimates from perturbation runs as short as 2 years, including those exhibiting climate drift. Despite accounting for climate drift, the accuracy of these estimates is comparable to that of algorithms that do not. While these initial results are not optimal, the autoregressive approach presented here remains a promising strategy for model tuning since it explicitly accounts for climate drift in a rigorous statistical framework. The current performance issues are believed to be technical in nature and potentially solvable through further investigation.