bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplementing rumen‐protected methionine to lactating multiparous dairy cows did not improve reproductive performance
Authors: Süss David , Iwersen Michael , Schweinzer Vanessa , Gusterer Erika , Kanz Peter , Krieger Stefanie , Pothmann Harald , Wagener Karen , Hoelker Michael , Tesfaye Dawit , Schellander Karl , Helmbrecht Ariane , Parys Claudia , Drillich Marc 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThere is evidence that supplementing methionine has positive effects on uterine environment, oocyte quality and embryo development in cattle. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive traits of cows supplemented with rumen‐protected methionine (RPM) during early to mid‐lactation in comparison with an untreated control group (CON). An additional focus was on the effect of puerperal diseases on reproductive performance parameters in RPM‐supplemented group MET and in CON. A total of 1,709 multiparous Holstein‐Friesian cows were enrolled in this field trial conducted on a commercial dairy farm in Slovakia. Cows were allocated at approximately 12 days post‐partum (dpp) to either CON or MET, the latter supplemented with 25.0 g–27.2 g RPM per cow per day incorporated into the total mixed ration (TMR) until leaving the study pen at approximately 140 dpp. The amount of RPM was calculated based on individual feed ingredients analysis and adjusted during the study period when TMR changed. Cows were monitored during the post‐partum period by vaginal examination (day 5 pp), measuring of beta‐hydroxybutyrate in blood (3, 5, and 8 dpp) and by vaginal examination, uterine cytology and measuring of back fat thickness by ultrasound (all at 31 ± 3 dpp).Compared with CON, cows supplemented with RPM did not show better reproduction performance parameters (first service submission rate, days to first service, conception risk, days open 140). Results from binary logistic regression model for the risk of conception showed that metritis had a significant effect, but the supplementation of methionine had not. Results of Cox regression analysis for the odds of conception within 140 dpp revealed only metritis and clinical endometritis as significant factors. In conclusion, supplementation of RPM had no beneficial effect on reproductive performance in this study farm compared with an untreated control group.
Spatial Hedonic Modelling Adjusted for Preferential Sampling
Authors: Paci Lucia , Gelfand Alan E. , Beamonte María Asunción , Gargallo Pilar , Salvador Manuel 
Published: July 2019

SummaryHedonic models are widely used to predict selling prices of properties. Originally, they were proposed as simple spatial regressions, i.e. a spatially referenced response regressed on spatially referenced predictors. Subsequently, spatial random effects were introduced to serve as surrogates for unmeasured or unobservable predictors and were shown to provide better out-of-sample prediction. However, what has been ignored in the literature is the fact that the locations (and times) of the sales are random and, in fact, are an observation of a random point pattern. Here, we first consider whether there is stochastic dependence between the point pattern of locations and the set of responses. If so, a second question is whether incorporating a log-intensity for the point pattern of locations in the hedonic modelling enables improvement in the prediction of selling price. We connect this problem to what is referred to as preferential sampling. Through model comparison we illuminate the role of the point pattern data in the prediction of selling price. Using two different years of property sales from Zaragoza, Spain, we employ both the full database as well as an intentionally biased subset to elaborate this story.
Survival outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants with EBV‐positive or EBV‐negative post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, A CIBMTR study
Authors: Naik Seema , Riches Marcie , Hari Parameswaran , Kim Soyoung , Chen Min , Bachier Carlos , Shaughnessy Paul , Hill Joshua , Ljungman Per , Battiwalla Minoo , Chhabra Saurabh , Daly Andrew , Storek Jan , Ustun Celalettin , Diaz Miguel Angel , Cerny Jan , Beitinjaneh Amer , Yared Jean , Brown Valerie , Page Kristin , Dahi Parastoo B. , Ganguly Siddhartha , Seo Sachiko , Chao Nelson , Freytes Cesar O. , Saad Ayman , Savani Bipin N. , Woo Ahn Kwang , Boeckh Michael , Heslop Helen E. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Auletta Jeffery J. , Kamble Rammurti T. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT). Although most PTLD is EBV‐positive (EBVpos), EBV‐negative (EBVneg) PTLD is reported, yet its incidence and clinical impact remain largely undefined. Furthermore, factors at the time of transplant impacting survival following PTLD are not well described.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2014, 432 cases of PTLD following alloHCT were reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). After exclusions, 267 cases (EBVpos = 222, 83%; EBVneg = 45, 17%) were analyzed.ResultsTwo hundred and eight patients (78%) received in vivo T‐cell depletion (TCD) with either anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) or alemtuzumab. Incidence of PTLD was highest using umbilical cord donors (UCB, 1.60%) and lowest using matched related donors (MRD, 0.40%). Clinical features and histology did not significantly differ among EBVpos or EBVneg PTLD cases except that absolute lymphocyte count recovery was slower, and CMV reactivation was later in EBVneg PTLD [EBVpos 32 (5‐95) days versus EBVneg 47 (10‐70) days, P = .016]. There was no impact on survival by EBV status in multivariable analysis [EBVneg RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.94‐2.15, P = .097].ConclusionsThere is no difference in survival outcomes for patients with EBVpos or EBVneg PTLD occurring following alloHCT and 1‐year survival is poor. Features of conditioning and use of serotherapy remain important.
Molecular markers of prognosis in canine cortisol‐secreting adrenocortical tumours
Authors: Sanders Karin , van Staalduinen Gerjanne J. , Uijens Maarten C. M. , Mol Jan A. , Teske Erik , Slob Adri , Hesselink Jan Willem , Kooistra Hans S. , Galac Sara 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHypercortisolism is caused by a cortisol‐secreting adrenocortical tumour (ACT) in approximately 15%‐20% of cases in dogs. Little is known about which molecular markers are associated with malignant behaviour of canine ACTs. The objective of this study was to identify molecular markers of prognosis, which could be useful to refine prognostic prediction and to identify potential treatment targets. Cortisol‐secreting ACTs were included from 40 dogs, of which follow‐up information was available. The ACTs were classified as low risk of recurrence tumours (LRT; n = 14) or moderate‐high risk of recurrence tumours (MHRT; n = 26), based on the novel histopathological Utrecht score. Normal adrenals (NAs) were included from 11 healthy dogs as reference material. The mRNA expression of 14 candidate genes was analysed in the 40 ACTs and in 11 NAs with quantitative RT‐PCR. The genes' expression levels were statistically compared between NAs, LRTs and MHRTs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association of the genes' expression levels with survival. Seven genes were differentially expressed between NAs and ACTs, of which pituitary tumour‐transforming gene‐1 (PTTG1) and topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) were also differentially expressed between LRTs and MHRTs. In survival analyses, high expression levels of Steroidogenic factor‐1 (SF‐1), PTTG1 and TOP2A were significantly associated with poor survival. In conclusion, we have identified several genes that are part of the molecular signature of malignancy in canine ACTs. These findings can be used to refine prognostic prediction, but also offer insights for future studies on druggable targets.
Noninvasive staging of pressure ulcers using photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Hariri Ali , Chen Fang , Moore Colman , Jokerst Jesse V. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTUlcers including pressure ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers damage the skin and underlying tissue in people with compromised blood circulation. They are classified into four stages of severity and span from mild reddening of the skin to tissue damage and muscle/bone infections. Here, we used photoacoustic imaging as a noninvasive method for detecting early tissue damage that cannot be visually observed while also staging the disease using quantitative image analysis. We used a mouse model of pressure ulcers by implanting subdermal magnets in the dorsal flank and periodically applying an external magnet to the healed implant site. The magnet‐induced pressure was applied in cycles, and the extent of ulceration was dictated by the number of cycles. We used both laser‐ and light‐emitting diode (LED)‐based photoacoustic imaging tools with 690 nm excitation to evaluate the change in photoacoustic signal and depth of injury. Using laser‐based photoacoustic imaging system, we found a 4.4‐fold increase in the photoacoustic intensity in stage I vs. baseline (no pressure). We also evaluated the depth of injury using photoacoustics. We measured a photoacoustic ulcer depth of 0.38 ± 0.09 mm, 0.74 ± 0.11 mm, 1.63 ± 0.4 mm, and 2.7 ± 0.31 mm (n = 4) for stages I–IV, respectively. The photoacoustic depth differences between each stage were significant (p < 0.05). We also used an LED‐based photoacoustic imaging system to detect early stage (stage I) pressure ulcers and observed a 2.5‐fold increase in photoacoustic signal. Importantly, we confirmed the capacity of this technique to detect dysregulated skin even before stage I ulcers have erupted. We also observed significant changes in photoacoustic intensity during healing suggesting that this approach can monitor therapy. These findings were confirmed with histology. These results suggest that this photoacoustic‐based approach might have clinical value for monitoring skin diseases including pressure ulcers.
Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing lower extremity joint arthroplasty: a retrospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Memtsoudis Stavros , Cozowicz Crispiana , Zubizarreta Nicole , Weinstein Sarah M , Liu Jiabin , Kim David H , Poultsides Lazaros , Berger Marc Moritz , Mazumdar Madhu , Poeran Jashvant 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundWith an ageing population, the demand for joint arthroplasties and the burden of postoperative delirium is likely to increase. Given the lack of large-scale data, we investigated associations between perioperative risk factors and postoperative delirium in arthroplasty surgery.MethodsThis retrospective population-based cohort study, utilized national claims data from the all-payer Premier Healthcare database containing detailed billing information from >25% nationwide hospitalizations. Patients undergoing elective total hip/knee arthroplasty surgery (2006–2016) were included.The primary outcome was postoperative delirium, while potential risk factors included age, gender, race, insurance type, and modifiable exposures including anesthesia type, opioid prescription dose (low/medium/high), benzodiazepines, meperidine, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, ketamine, corticosteroids, and gabapentinoids.ResultsAmong 1 694 795 patients’ postoperative delirium was seen in 2.6% (14 785/564 226) of hip and 2.9% (32 384/1 130 569) of knee arthroplasties. Multivariable models revealed that the utilization of long acting (OR 2.10 CI 1.82 to 2.42), combined long/short acting benzodiazepines (OR 1.74 CI 1.56 to 1.94), and gabapentinoids (OR 1.26 CI 1.16 to 1.36) was associated with increased odds of postoperative delirium. Lower odds of postoperative delirium were seen for neuraxial versus general anesthesia (OR 0.81 CI 0.70 to 0.93) and with the utilization of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR 0.85 CI 0.79 to 0.91) as well as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (OR 0.82 CI 0.77 to 0.89). Age-stratified analysis revealed lower odds with high versus low opioid dose (OR 0.86 CI 0.76 to 0.98) in patients >65 years. Findings were consistent between hip and knee arthroplasties.ConclusionsIn this large national cohort, we identified various modifiable risk factors (including anesthesia type and pharmaceutical agents) for postoperative delirium, demonstrating possible prevention pathways.
The impact of obesity on severity of solid organ injury in the adult population at a Level I trauma center
Authors: Chen Allen K , Jeffcoach David , Stivers John C , McCullough Kyle A , Dirks Rachel C , Boehnke Ryland J , Sue Lawrence , Kwok Amy M , Wolfe Mary M , Davis James W 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundThe obese (body mass index, BMI > 30) have been identified as a subgroup of patients in regards to traumatic injuries. A recent study found that high-grade hepatic injuries were more common in obese than non-obese pediatric patients. This study seeks to evaluate whether similar differences exist in the adult population and examine differences in operative versus non-operative management between the obese and non-obese in blunt abdominal trauma.MethodsPatient with trauma evaluated at an American College of Surgeons verified Level I trauma center from February 2013 to November 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients aged>18 years with blunt mechanism of injury and a BMI listed in the trauma registry were included. Patients were excluded for incomplete data, including BMI or inability to grade hepatic or splenic injury. Data collected included age, gender, BMI, injury severity score, hospital length of stay, procedures on liver or spleen, and mortality. Organ injuries were scored using the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grading scales, and were determined by either imaging or intraoperative findings. Obesity was classified as BMI > 30 compared with non-obese with BMI < 30.ResultsDuring the study period, 9481 patients were included. There were 322 spleen injuries and 237 liver injuries, with 64 patients sustaining both liver and splenic injuries. No differences existed in the percentage of high-grade hepatic or splenic injuries between the obese and non-obese. Obese patients with liver injuries were more likely to have procedural intervention than non-obese liver injuries and had higher rates of mortality. No differences were found in intervention for splenic injury between obese and non-obese.ConclusionsContrary to prior studies on adult and pediatric patients with trauma, this study found no difference between obese and non-obese patients in severity of solid organ injury after blunt abdominal trauma in the adult population. However, there was an increased rate of procedural intervention and mortality for obese patients with liver injuries.Level of Evidence3.
Predictors of splenic artery embolization as an adjunct to non-operative management of stable blunt splenic injury: a multi-institutional study
Authors: Salottolo Kristin , Carrick Matthew M , Madayag Robert M , Yon James , Tanner Allen , Mains Charles W , Topham Andrew , Lieser Mark , Acuna David , Bar-Or David 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundWe sought to identify predictors of splenic artery embolization (SAE) over observation for hemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI), by Organ Injury Scale (OIS) grade.MethodsThis was a multi-institutional retrospective study of all adults (≥18) with BSI who were initially managed non-operatively between 2014 and 2016. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of SAE by OIS grade. Covariates included radiographic characteristics (presence/quantity of hemoperitoneum, blush, vascular injury), demographics (age, sex, cause), Injury Severity Score, vital signs, and hemoglobin values. We also examined outcomes of death, length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, blood products, and failed non-operative management (NOM).ResultsAmong 422 patients with stable BSI, 93 (22%) had SAE and 329 (78%) were observed. The rate of SAE increased by grade (p<0.001). In grade I and II BSI, 7% had SAE; significant predictors of SAE were blush (OR: 5.9, p=0.02), moderate or large hemoperitoneum (OR: 3.0, p=0.01), and male sex (OR: 6.3, p=0.05). In grade III BSI, 26% had SAE; significant predictors included moderate or large hemoperitoneum (OR: 3.9, p=0.04), motor vehicle crash (OR: 6.1, p=0.005), and age (OR=1.4, 40% with each decade increase in age, p=0.02). The rate of SAE was 52% for grade IV and 85% for grade V BSI; there were no independent predictors of SAE in either grade. Clinical outcomes were comparable by NOM strategy and grade, except longer LOS with SAE in grades I–III (p<0.05) and longer ICU LOS with SAE in grades I–IV (p<0.05). Only 5 (1.2%) patients failed NOM (4 observation, 1 SAE).ConclusionThese results strongly support SAE consideration for patients with stable grade IV and V BSI even if there are no other high-risk clinical or radiographic findings. For grades I–III, the identified predictors may help refine consideration for SAE.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective epidemiological study.
Variation in the use of MRI for cervical spine clearance: an opportunity to simultaneously improve clinical care and decrease cost
Authors: Albaghdadi Alia , Leeds Ira L. , Florecki Katherine L. , Canner Joseph K. , Schneider Eric B. , Sakran Joseph V. , Haut Elliott R. 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundFor years, controversy has existed about the ideal approach for cervical spine clearance in obtunded, blunt trauma patients. However, recent national guidelines suggest that MRI is not necessary for collar clearance in these patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the extent of national variation in the use of MRI and assess patient-specific and hospital-specific factors associated with the practice.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of the National Trauma Data Bank from 2007 to 2012. We included blunt trauma patients aged ≥18 years, admitted to level 1 or 2 trauma centers (TCs), with a Glasgow Coma Scale <8, Abbreviated Injury Scale >3 for the head and mechanically ventilated for more than 72 hours. Multilevel modeling was used to identify patient-level and hospital-level factors associated with spine MRI use.Results32 125 obtunded, blunt trauma patients treated at 395 unique TCs met our inclusion criteria. The mean proportion of patients who received MRI over the entire sample was 9.9%. The proportions of patients at each hospital who received a spine MRI ranged from 0.5% to 68.7%. Younger patients, with injuries from motor vehicle collisions and pedestrian injuries, were more likely to receive MRI. When controlling for other variables, Injury Severity Score (ISS) was not associated with MRI use. Hospitals in the Northeast, level 1 TCs and non-teaching hospitals were more likely to obtain MRIs in this patient population.ConclusionAfter controlling for patient-level characteristics, variation remained in MRI use based on geography, trauma center level and teaching status. This evidence suggests that current national guidelines limiting the use of MRI for cervical spine evaluation following blunt trauma are not being followed consistently. This may be due to physicians not being up to date with best practice care, unavailability of locally adopted protocols in institutions or lack of consensus among clinical providers.Level of evidencePrognostic and epidemiological, level III.
Interrelations Between Arterial Stiffness, Target Organ Damage, and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes
Authors: Vasan Ramachandran S. , Short Meghan I. , Niiranen Teemu J. , Xanthakis Vanessa , DeCarli Charles , Cheng Susan , Seshadri Sudha , Mitchell Gary F. 
Published: July 2019

Background

Excess transmission of pressure pulsatility caused by increased arterial stiffness may incur microcirculatory damage in end organs (target organ damage
[TOD]
) and, in turn, elevate risk for cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) events.

Methods and Results

We related arterial stiffness measures (carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, mean arterial pressure, central pulse pressure) to the prevalence and incidence of
TOD
(defined as albuminuria and/or echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy) in up to 6203 Framingham Study participants (mean age 50±15 years, 54% women). We then related presence of
TOD
to incident
CVD
in multivariable Cox regression models without and with adjustment for arterial stiffness measures. Cross‐sectionally, greater arterial stiffness was associated with a higher prevalence of
TOD
(adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.23 to 1.54 per
SD
increment in arterial stiffness measure,
P
<0.01). Prospectively, increased carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with incident albuminuria (odds ratio per
SD
1.28, 95%
CI,
1.02–1.61;
P
<0.05), whereas higher mean arterial pressure and central pulse pressure were associated with incident left ventricular hypertrophy (odds ratio per
SD
1.37 and 1.45, respectively;
P
<0.01). On follow‐up, 297 of 5803 participants experienced a first
CVD
event. Presence of
TOD
was associated with a 33% greater hazard of incident
CVD
(95%
CI
, 0–77%;
P
<0.05), which was attenuated upon adjustment for baseline arterial stiffness measures by 5–21%.

Conclusions

Elevated arterial stiffness is associated with presence of
TOD
and may partially mediate the relations of
TOD
with incident
CVD
. Our observations in a large community‐based sample suggest that mitigating arterial stiffness may lower the burden of
TOD
and, in turn, clinical
CVD
.
Prevalence and Cardiovascular Health Impact of Family History of Premature Heart Disease in the United States: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2014
Authors: Moonesinghe Ramal , Yang Quanhe , Zhang Zefeng , Khoury Muin J. 
Published: July 2019

Background
Because family history is a known risk factor for heart disease, it is important to characterize its public health impact in terms of population prevalence of family history of heart disease, the burden of heart disease attributable to family history, and whether family history interacts with modifiable risk factors for heart disease.

Methods and Results

We used population data from NHANES (the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [2007–2014]) to measure the association of self‐reported family history of premature heart disease (
FHPHD
) with cardiovascular disease (n=19 253) and to examine the association between cardiovascular health metrics and
FHPHD
(n=16 248). Using logistic regression and multivariable adjustment, family history odds ratios were 5.91 (95%
CI
, 3.34–10.44) for ages 20 to 39, 3.02 (95% CI, 2.41–3.79) for ages 40 to 59, and 1.87 (95%
CI
, 1.54–2.28) for age ≥60 for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease for the population with a
FHPHD
(15.72%; 95%
CI
, 13.81–17.64) was more than double the prevalence of cardiovascular disease for those without a family history (6.25%; 95%
CI
, 5.82–6.69). Compared with participants with optimum cardiovascular health, the prevalence ratio for
FHPHD
was 1.98 (95%
CI
, 1.40–2.79) for those with inadequate cardiovascular health.

Conclusions

Millions of people who are at high risk of having cardiovascular disease could be identified using
FHPHD
.
FHPHD
can become an important component of public health campaigns that address modifiable risk factors that plan to reduce the overall risk of heart disease.
YURTDIŞI YERLEŞİKLERİNİN HİSSE SENEDİ YATIRIMLARININ BORSA İSTANBUL’A ETKİSİ
Authors: POLAT Müslüm , KILIÇ Ethem 
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmada,
yurtdışı yerleşiklerin menkul kıymet portföy yatırımlarının BİST100 endeksi ile
ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 01.01.2010 – 23.02.2018 dönemlerine ait
haftalık veriler yardımıyla değişkenler arasındaki eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik
ilişkisi Johansen eşbütünleşme ve Granger nedensellik testleriyle
incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; değişkenler
arasında uzun dönemde anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunduğu ve yurtdışı yerleşiklerin
menkul kıymet portföy yatırımlarından BIST100’e doğru tek yönlü nedensellik olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.