bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violent women: treatment approaches and psychodynamic considerations
Authors: McKeown Annette , Harvey Ellen 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Some psychodynamic approaches conceptualise female violence as a communication of experiences too difficult to think about. As practitioners, understanding what may be too painful to be thought about is incredibly important in assessment and treatment of forensic populations. Incorporating psychodynamic concepts such as splitting, transference, projection and counter-transference into formulation can be extremely helpful in understanding and formulating women’s risk of violence. The purpose of this paper is to introduce how psychodynamic concepts can be incorporated into understanding, assessment, formulation and treatment with this complex client group. This paper will also outline treatment approaches with this population.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper will review existing psychodynamic literature and apply this knowledge to working with violent female offenders. Translating theory into reflective practice will be presented.

Findings
This paper presents the value of incorporating psychodynamic considerations into existing strategies of understanding and working with violent female offenders. Ways forwards and research directions are proposed.

Research limitations/implications
This paper is focussed primarily on psychodynamic approaches to understanding this population

Practical implications
Psychodynamic concepts can add an additional dimension to formulation, supervision and treatment approaches with this population. Examining the meaning of violence perpetrated by women as well as enactments can improve practitioner’s depth of understanding. Empirical research examining the benefits of psychoanalytic supervision would be extremely useful to explore the impact on formulation, treatment approaches, treatment effectiveness, staff well-being and staff retention.

Originality/value
There is a lack of literature considering the application of psychodynamic constructs to help formulation of complex female offenders in the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway for women.
Exploring competitive strategic performance consistency in service organizations
Authors: Gomes Carlos F. , Najjar Mohammad , Yasin Mahmoud M. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeAs service organizations move toward the open system strategic customer orientation, they need to ensure consistency among competitive methods, performance measures and strategies utilized. This paper aims to examine the relationships among these important facets of today’s service organizations. The study at hand examines the relationship among competitive methods, implicit strategy and performance measures used by Portuguese service organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a survey-based methodology. Factor analysis, cluster analysis and regression analysis procedures are used to analyze the collected data from Portuguese service organizations.FindingsBased on the results of this study, it appears that some of the studied service organizations are steadily moving toward the open system mode of strategy, competitive methods and performance measurement. However, the majority of the service organizations examined appeared to be in a state of strategic confusion, as they appear to lack the consistency among competitive methods, performance measures and desired strategic orientations.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample used in this study is specific in nature, as it includes only Portuguese service organizations. Therefore, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution. Future research in other cultural service settings is recommended. Such research should emphasize the exploration of theoretical frameworks, which tend to practically integrate competitive methods, performance measures and strategic orientation.Practical implicationsThis study has direct practical implications for service managers, as they attempt to integrate their organizational systems. As such, the research in this study paves the way toward the practical integration and consistency among competitive methods, performance measures and strategic orientations needed to enhance the customer orientation. In this context, such integration and consistency are essential to enhance the strategic competitiveness of today’s service organizations operating in a dynamic marketplace.Originality/valueThis research combines bodies of knowledge dealing with competitive methods, performance measures and their impact on strategic orientations. The conceptual framework offered in this research attempts to facilitate the understanding for consistent practice pertaining to the competitiveness of the open system service organization in a dynamic environment. Such consistency is essential to the competitiveness of the organization in a dynamic environment.
High dispersal ability is related to fast life‐history strategies
Authors: Beckman Noelle G. , Bullock James M. , Salguero‐Gómez Roberto 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Seed dispersal is an essential, yet often overlooked process in plant ecology and evolution, affecting adaptation capacity, population persistence and invasiveness. A species’ ability to disperse is expected to covary with other life‐history traits to form dispersal syndromes. Dispersal might be linked to the rate of life history, fecundity or generation time, depending on the relative selection pressures of bet‐hedging, kin competition or maintaining gene flow. However, the linkage between dispersal and plant life‐history strategies remains unknown because it is difficult to observe, quantify and manipulate the influence of dispersal over large spatiotemporal scales.

We integrate datasets describing plant vital rates, dispersal and functional traits to incorporate dispersal explicitly into the rich spectra of plant life‐history strategies. For 141 plant species, we estimated dispersal ability by predicting maximum dispersal distances using allometric relationships based on growth form, dispersal mode, terminal velocity and seed mass. We derived life‐history traits from matrix population models parameterized with field data from the COMPADRE Plant Matrix Database. We analysed the covariation in dispersal ability and life‐history traits using multivariate techniques.

We found that three main axes of variation described plant dispersal syndromes: the fast‐slow life‐history continuum, the dispersal strategy axis and the reproductive strategy axis. On the dispersal strategy axis, species’ dispersal abilities were positively correlated with aspects of fast life histories. Species with a high net reproductive rate, a long window of reproduction, low likelihood of escaping senescence and low shrinkage tendencies disperse their seeds further. The overall phylogenetic signal in our multidimensional analyses was low (Pagel's λ < 0.24), implying a high degree of taxonomic generality in our findings.

Synthesis. Dispersal has been largely neglected in comparative demographic studies, despite its pivotal importance for populations. Our explicit incorporation of dispersal in a comparative life‐history framework provides key insights to bridge the gap between dispersal ecology and life‐history traits. Species with fast life‐history strategies disperse their seeds further than slow‐living plants, suggesting that longer dispersal distances may allow these species to take advantage of habitats varying unpredictably in space and time as a bet‐hedging strategy.
How Can Business Share Responsibility for Disaster Resilience?
Authors: Hunt Susan , Eburn Michael 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper contributes to knowledge of disaster resilience policy implementation in Australia and proposes measures to strengthen partnerships between government and the business sector to enhance national disaster resilience capacity. In Australia, business makes a significant contribution to disaster relief and recovery. Even so, there are unexplored opportunities to enhance the role of business in disaster resilience, particularly through partnerships with government. The extent that state, regional and local‐level disaster plans engage business in disaster relief and recovery is described and their relatively less prominent involvement in disaster resilience is discussed. Examples of disaster resilience policies and their capacity to influence business practices to support disaster resilience are introduced with suggestions for how they can be enhanced. Some potential benefits and pitfalls of public–private sector collaboration are explored and it is noted that, in disaster resilience settings, these risks can be ameliorated through appropriate implementation.
Assessing the relationship between intimate partner violence, externally-decided pregnancy and unintended pregnancies among women in slum communities in Mumbai, India
Authors: Dasgupta Anindita , Raj Anita , Nair Saritha , Naik Dattaram , Saggurti Niranjan , Donta Balaiah , Silverman Jay G 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundIndia contends with a high rate of intimate partner violence (IPV), which is associated with unintended pregnancy and reflects low levels of women’s decision-making control in relation to their reproductive health. Few studies from South Asia have examined the relationship between pregnancy decision-making, IPV and unintended pregnancy.AimThis study examined associations between unintended (mistimed and unwanted) pregnancy, women’s reports of pregnancy decided externally by husband or in-laws, and IPV, among a sample of married, postpartum women.MethodsData from the ‘Mechanisms for Relations of Domestic Violence to Poor Maternal and Infant Health in India’ study were analysed. Descriptive comparisons between levels of unintended pregnancy were run on all major variables. Unadjusted and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed women’s reports of having externally-decided pregnancies and IPV victimisation in the year prior to pregnancy as factors in mistimed and unwanted pregnancies.ResultsMistimed and unwanted pregnancies were reported by 12.2% and 7.2% of women, respectively. Externally-decided pregnancies were reported by 8.8% of women. Some 29.4% of women reported experiencing physical and/or sexual IPV in the year prior to pregnancy. Women reporting externally-decided pregnancies were significantly more likely to have had mistimed pregnancies than intended pregnancies, as were women reporting IPV. Neither external pregnancy control nor IPV were associated with unwanted pregnancy.ConclusionsWomen’s exclusion from pregnancy decision-making and violence from husbands relate to their ability to time their pregnancies as they wish. The lack of significant association between external decision-making and IPV with unwanted pregnancy may be due to low reporting of unwanted pregnancy. The overall findings highlight the importance of integrating women’s involvement in reproductive health decision-making and IPV reduction messaging in programming for the women’s health sector.
Randomised controlled trial of adjunctive inspiratory muscle training for patients with COPD
Authors: Charususin Noppawan , Gosselink Rik , Decramer Marc , Demeyer Heleen , McConnell Alison , Saey Didier , Maltais François , Derom Eric , Vermeersch Stefanie , Heijdra Yvonne F , van Helvoort Hanneke , Garms Linda , Schneeberger Tessa , Kenn Klaus , Gloeckl Rainer , Langer Daniel 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether adjunctive inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can enhance the well-established benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with COPD.Methods219 patients with COPD (FEV1: 42%±16% predicted) with inspiratory muscle weakness (PImax: 51±15 cm H2O) were randomised into an intervention group (IMT+PR; n=110) or a control group (Sham-IMT+PR; n=109) in this double-blind, multicentre randomised controlled trial between February 2012 and October 2016 (ClinicalTrials.govNCT01397396). Improvement in 6 min walking distance (6MWD) was a priori defined as the primary outcome. Prespecified secondary outcomes included respiratory muscle function and endurance cycling time.FindingsNo significant differences between the intervention group (n=89) and the control group (n=85) in improvements in 6MWD were observed (0.3 m, 95% CI −13 to 14, p=0.967). Patients who completed assessments in the intervention group achieved larger gains in inspiratory muscle strength (effect size: 1.07, p<0.001) and endurance (effect size: 0.79, p<0.001) than patients in the control group. 75 s additional improvement in endurance cycling time (95% CI 1 to 149, p=0.048) and significant reductions in Borg dyspnoea score at isotime during the cycling test (95% CI −1.5 to −0.01, p=0.049) were observed in the intervention group.InterpretationImprovements in respiratory muscle function after adjunctive IMT did not translate into additional improvements in 6MWD (primary outcome). Additional gains in endurance time and reductions in symptoms of dyspnoea were observed during an endurance cycling test (secondary outcome)Trial registration numberNCT01397396; Results.
Preparation and properties of CNT reinforced Fe–Ni–P composites fabricated by liquid phase sintering
Authors: Mao Luyao , Cui Guodong , Jiang Runjian , Wang Qingxiang , Zhang Chengsong , Wei Renchu , Wang Shen 
Published: June 2018

The Fe–Ni–P matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by means of liquid phase sintering at 950[Formula: see text]C. The effects of the mass fraction of CNTs on the microstructures and properties of the composites were investigated. It is noteworthy that the structures of CNTs were hardly damaged during the sintering process via evaluation of microstructures on as-sintered composites. The strength and ductility increased gradually with the increase of CNT content while the saturation magnetization decreased gradually. The sample containing 1 wt.% CNTs showed a good combination of a compression ratio of 60% and a compressive strength of approximately 3800 MPa, which indicated its potential application in modern power generation systems.
Fully Polynomial-Time Parameterized Computations for Graphs and Matrices of Low Treewidth
Authors: Fomin Fedor V. , Lokshtanov Daniel , Saurabh Saket , Pilipczuk MichaŁ , Wrochna Marcin 
Published: June 2018

We investigate the complexity of several fundamental polynomial-time solvable problems on graphs and on matrices, when the given instance has low treewidth; in the case of matrices, we consider the treewidth of the graph formed by non-zero entries. In each of the considered cases, the best known algorithms working on general graphs run in polynomial time; however, the exponent of the polynomial is large. Therefore, our main goal is to construct algorithms with running time of the form poly(
k
)⋅
n
or poly(
k
)⋅
n
log
n
, where
k
is the width of the tree decomposition given on the input. Such procedures would outperform the best known algorithms for the considered problems already for moderate values of the treewidth, like
O
(
n

1/
c

) for a constant
c
.

Our results include the following:

— an algorithm for computing the determinant and the rank of an
n
×
n
matrix using
O
(
k
3
⋅
n
) time and arithmetic operations;

—an algorithm for solving a system of linear equations using
O
(
k
3
⋅
n
) time and arithmetic operations;

—an
O
(
k
3
⋅
n
log
n
)-time randomized algorithm for finding the cardinality of a maximum matching in a graph;

—an
O
(
k
4
⋅
n
log
2
n
)-time randomized algorithm for constructing a maximum matching in a graph;

—an
O
(
k
2
⋅
n
log
n
)-time algorithm for finding a maximum vertex flow in a directed graph.

Moreover, we give an approximation algorithm for treewidth with time complexity suited to the running times as above. Namely, the algorithm, when given a graph
G
and integer
k
, runs in time
O
(
k
7
⋅
n
log
n
) and either correctly reports that the treewidth of
G
is larger than
k
, or constructs a tree decomposition of
G
of width
O
(
k
2
).

The above results stand in contrast with the recent work of Abboud et al. (SODA 2016), which shows that the existence of algorithms with similar running times is unlikely for the problems of finding the diameter and the radius of a graph of low treewidth.
The Endosomal Protein CEMIP Links WNT Signaling to MEK1–ERK1/2 Activation in Selumetinib-Resistant Intestinal Organoids
Authors: Duong Hong Quan , Nemazanyy Ivan , Rambow Florian , Tang Seng Chuan , Delaunay Sylvain , Tharun Lars , Florin Alexandra , Büttner Reinhard , Vandaele Daniel , Close Pierre , Marine Jean-Christophe , Shostak Kateryna , Chariot Alain 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
MAPK signaling pathways are constitutively active in colon cancer and also promote acquired resistance to MEK1 inhibition. Here, we demonstrate that BRAFV600E-mutated colorectal cancers acquire resistance to MEK1 inhibition by inducing expression of the scaffold protein CEMIP through a β-catenin– and FRA-1–dependent pathway. CEMIP was found in endosomes and bound MEK1 to sustain ERK1/2 activation in MEK1 inhibitor–resistant BRAFV600E-mutated colorectal cancers. The CEMIP-dependent pathway maintained c-Myc protein levels through ERK1/2 and provided metabolic advantage in resistant cells, potentially by sustaining amino acids synthesis. CEMIP silencing circumvented resistance to MEK1 inhibition, partly, through a decrease of both ERK1/2 signaling and c-Myc. Together, our data identify a cross-talk between Wnt and MAPK signaling cascades, which involves CEMIP. Activation of this pathway promotes survival by potentially regulating levels of specific amino acids via a Myc-associated cascade. Targeting this node may provide a promising avenue for treatment of colon cancers that have acquired resistance to targeted therapies.
Significance: MEK1 inhibitor–resistant colorectal cancer relies on the scaffold and endosomal protein CEMIP to maintain ERK1/2 signaling and Myc-driven transcription. Cancer Res; 78(16); 4533–48. ©2018 AACR.
Radiomics Signature on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Association with Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Park Hyunjin , Lim Yaeji , Ko Eun Sook , Cho Hwan-ho , Lee Jeong Eon , Han Boo-Kyung , Ko Eun Young , Choi Ji Soo , Park Ko Woon 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: To develop a radiomics signature based on preoperative MRI to estimate disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with invasive breast cancer and to establish a radiomics nomogram that incorporates the radiomics signature and MRI and clinicopathological findings.
Experimental Design: We identified 294 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative MRI. Patients were randomly divided into training (n = 194) and validation (n = 100) sets. A radiomics signature (Rad-score) was generated using an elastic net in the training set, and the cutoff point of the radiomics signature to divide the patients into high- and low-risk groups was determined using receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to determine the association of the radiomics signature, MRI findings, and clinicopathological variables with DFS. A radiomics nomogram combining the Rad-score and MRI and clinicopathological findings was constructed to validate the radiomic signatures for individualized DFS estimation.
Results: Higher Rad-scores were significantly associated with worse DFS in both the training and validation sets (P = 0.002 and 0.036, respectively). The radiomics nomogram estimated DFS [C-index, 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.74–0.77] better than the clinicopathological (C-index, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.70–0.74) or Rad-score–only nomograms (C-index, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.65–0.69).
Conclusions: The radiomics signature is an independent biomarker for the estimation of DFS in patients with invasive breast cancer. Combining the radiomics nomogram improved individualized DFS estimation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(19); 4705–14. ©2018 AACR.
Zinc Metallochaperones Reactivate Mutant p53 Using an ON/OFF Switch Mechanism: A New Paradigm in Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Yu Xin , Kogan Samuel , Chen Ying , Tsang Ashley T. , Withers Tracy , Lin Hongxia , Gilleran John , Buckley Brian , Moore Dirk , Bertino Joseph , Chan Chang , Kimball S. David , Loh Stewart N. , Carpizo Darren R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Zinc metallochaperones (ZMC) are a new class of anticancer drugs that reactivate zinc-deficient mutant p53 by raising and buffering intracellular zinc levels sufficiently to restore zinc binding. In vitro pharmacodynamics of ZMCs indicate that p53-mutant activity is ON by 4–6 hours and is OFF by 24. We sought to understand the mechanism of this regulation and to translate these findings preclinically. We further sought to innovate the formulation of ZMCs to improve efficacy.
Experimental Design: We performed in vitro mechanistic studies to determine the role of cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms in the transient pharmacodynamics of ZMCs. We conducted preclinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and efficacy studies using a genetically engineered murine pancreatic cancer model (KPC) to translate these mechanistic findings and investigate a novel ZMC formulation.
Results: In vitro, cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms that restore zinc to its physiologic levels function as the OFF switch in ZMC pharmacodynamics. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies indicate that ZMCs have a short half-life (&lt; 30 minutes), which is sufficient to significantly improve survival in mice expressing a zinc-deficient allele (p53R172H) while having no effect in mice expressing a non–zinc-deficient allele (p53R270H). We synthesized a novel formulation of the drug in complex with zinc and demonstrate this significantly improves survival over ZMC1.
Conclusions: Cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms function as an OFF switch in ZMC pharmacodynamics, indicating that a brief period of p53-mutant reactivation is sufficient for on-target efficacy. ZMCs synthesized in complex with zinc are an improved formulation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4505–17. ©2018 AACR.
Novel Trifluoromethylated Enobosarm Analogues with Potent Antiandrogenic Activity In Vitro and Tissue Selectivity In Vivo
Authors: Dart D. Alwyn , Kandil Sahar , Tommasini-Ghelfi Serena , Serrano de Almeida Gilberto , Bevan Charlotte L. , Jiang Wenguo , Westwell Andrew D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Prostate cancer often develops antiandrogen resistance, possibly via androgen receptor (AR) mutations, which change antagonists to agonists. Novel therapies with increased anticancer activity, while overcoming current drug resistance are urgently needed. Enobosarm has anabolic effects on muscle and bone while having no effect on the prostate. Here, we describe the activity of novel chemically modified enobosarm analogues. The rational addition of bis-trifluoromethyl groups into ring B of enobosarm, profoundly modified their activity, pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles. These chemical structural modifications resulted in an improved AR binding affinity—by increasing the molecular occupational volume near helix 12 of AR. In vitro, the analogues SK33 and SK51 showed very potent antiandrogenic activity, monitored using LNCaP/AR-Luciferase cells where growth, PSA and luciferase activity were used as AR activity measurements. These compounds were 10-fold more potent than bicalutamide and 100-fold more potent than enobosarm within the LNCaP model. These compounds were also active in LNCaP/BicR cells with acquired bicalutamide resistance. In vivo, using the AR-Luc reporter mice, these drugs showed potent AR inhibitory activity in the prostate and other AR-expressing tissues, e.g., testes, seminal vesicles, and brain. These compounds do not inhibit AR activity in the skeletal muscle, and spleen, thus indicating a selective tissue inhibitory profile. These compounds were also active in vivo in the Pb-Pten deletion model. SK33 and SK51 have significantly different and enhanced activity profiles compared with enobosarm and are ideal candidates for further development for prostate cancer therapy with potentially fewer side effects. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 1846–58. ©2018 AACR.