bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photostable and Biocompatible Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles for Imaging-Guided Co-Delivery of siRNA and Doxorubicin to Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells
Authors: Guo Daoxia , Ji Xiaoyuan , Peng Fei , Zhong Yiling , Chu Binbin , Su Yuanyuan , He Yao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The development of effective and safe vehicles to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) and chemotherapeutics remains a major challenge in RNA interference-based combination therapy with chemotherapeutics, which has emerged as a powerful platform to treat drug-resistant cancer cells. Herein, we describe the development of novel all-in-one fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)-based nanomedicine platform for imaging-guided co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin (DOX). This approach enhanced therapeutic efficacy in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells (i.e., MCF-7/ADR cells). Typically, the SiNP-based nanocarriers enhanced the stability of siRNA in a biological environment (i.e., medium or RNase A) and imparted the responsive release behavior of siRNA, resulting in approximately 80% down-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression. Co-delivery of P-glycoprotein siRNA and DOX led to > 35-fold decrease in the half maximal inhibitory concentration of DOX in comparison with free DOX, indicating the pronounced therapeutic efficiency of the resultant nanocomposites for drug-resistant breast cancer cells. The intracellular time-dependent release behaviors of siRNA and DOX were revealed through tracking the strong and stable fluorescence of SiNPs. These data provide valuable information for designing effective RNA interference-based co-delivery carriers.
Value of faith: Religious entrepreneurs and corporate longevity
Authors: Du Xingqiang , Zeng Quan , Chang Yingying , Du Yingjie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsing the data on the religious belief of entrepreneurs in Chinese family firms, this study shows that religious entrepreneurs significantly positively affect corporate longevity, echoing the view that religious entrepreneurs can obtain managerial skills and share managerial knowledge about corporate operation through the conduit of religious attendance, and thus firms with religious entrepreneurs are more long-lived. Moreover, the development of factor markets across different provinces in China reinforces this positive relation between religious entrepreneurs and corporate longevity. Furthermore, qualitatively similar results can be found from various robustness tests, and our conclusions still stand after controlling for the potential selection bias in the research sample. Lastly, after differentiating different religious beliefs, the positive relation between religious entrepreneurs and corporate longevity is only valid for Western religious beliefs (but not for Eastern religious beliefs), and the reinforced role of the development of factor markets only stands for Eastern religious beliefs.
Muckenhoupt Class Weight Decomposition and BMO Distance to Bounded Functions
Authors: Nielsen Morten , Šikić Hrvoje 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe study the connection between the MuckenhouptApweights and bounded mean oscillation (BMO) for general bases for ℝd. New classes of bases are introduced that allow for several deep results on the Muckenhoupt weights–BMO connection to hold in a very general form. The John–Nirenberg type inequality and its consequences are valid for the new class of Calderón–Zygmund bases which includes cubes in ℝd, but also the basis of rectangles in ℝd. Of particular interest to us is the Garnett–Jones theorem on the BMO distance, which is valid for cubes. We prove that the theorem is equivalent to the newly introducedA2-decomposition property of bases. Several sufficient conditions for the theorem to hold are analysed as well. However, the question whether the theorem fully holds for rectangles remains open.
n-T-COTORSION-FREE MODULES
Authors: LIU DAJUN , WEI JIAQUN 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn order to better unify the tilting theory and the Auslander–Reiten theory, Xi introduced a general transpose called the relative transpose. Originating from this, we introduce and study the cotranspose of modules with respect to a left A-module T called n-T-cotorsion-free modules. Also, we give many properties and characteristics of n-T-cotorsion-free modules under the help of semi-Wakamatsu-tilting modules AT.
Generation of second harmonics of intense Hermite–Gaussian laser beam in relativistic plasma
Authors: Wadhwa Jyoti , Singh Arvinder 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the scheme of generation of second harmonics of incident electromagnetic wave having a Hermite–Gaussian intensity profile in an under dense relativistic plasma has been presented. The relativistic mass variation of electrons by the intense electric field of incident beam generates the density gradients in background plasma which further excites the electron plasma wave (EPW) at resonant frequency and coupling of the EPW with the incident beam results in the generation of second harmonics of incident beam. Propagation dynamics of the Hermite–Gaussian laser beam in plasma has been studied by the formulation of differential equation for the spot size of the laser beam with the help of method of moments. Numerical simulations have been carried out to solve the differential equation for the dimensionless beam width parameters. Solution of the nonlinear wave equation for the electric field vector of second harmonics of incident beam gives the expression for second-harmonic yield. It has been observed that second-harmonic yield is affected by the different modes of Hermite–Gaussian laser beam in relativistic plasma.
Gender-related differences in patients with bipolar disorder: a nationwide study
Authors: Buoli Massimiliano , Cesana Bruno Mario , Dell’Osso Bernardo , Fagiolini Andrea , de Bartolomeis Andrea , Bondi Emi , Maina Giuseppe , Bellomo Antonello , Altamura A. Carlo 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveThe possible presence of gender-related differences in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications. This multicenter study aimed to investigate gender differences in BD in the largest Italian database collected to date, on behalf of the Italian Chapter of the International Society of Bipolar Disorders.MethodsA total of 1674 patients (males: n = 714; females: n = 960) from different psychiatric departments were compared according to gender on demographic/clinical variables. Owing to the large number of variables statistically related to the dependent variable (gender) at the univariate analyses, preliminary multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. A final multivariable logistic regression was then performed, considering gender as the dependent variable and statistically significant demographic/clinical characteristics as independent variables.ResultsThe results of the final multivariable logistic regression analysis with previous statistically significant demographic and clinical variables were the following: female gender was less frequently associated with employment (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7,P< 0.01), lifetime single marital status (OR = 0.45,P< 0.01), and substance abuse in the last year (OR = 0.35,P< 0.01), whereas it was more frequently associated with a major number of lifetime major depressive episodes (OR = 1.78,P< 0.01) and psychiatric visits in the last year (OR = 1.38,P= 0.01).ConclusionFew significant differences were found between genders in BD, particularly for those clinical features that are associated with poor prognosis (substance abuse for males and number of depressive episodes for females). Transcultural studies are needed to identify cultural versus illness-related variables possibly explaining the different clinical presentation of BD in relation to gender.
Reactively-loaded non-periodic slow-wave artificial transmission lines for stop band bandwidth enhancement: application to power splitters
Authors: Coromina Jan , Vélez Paris , Bonache Jordi , Aznar-Ballesta Francisco , Fernández-Prieto Armando , Martín Ferran 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper presents slow-wave transmission lines based on non-periodic reactive loading. Specifically, the loading elements are stepped impedance shunt stubs (SISS). By sacrificing periodicity using SISS tuned to different frequencies, multiple transmission zeros above the pass band arise, and the rejection level and bandwidth of the stop band is improved as compared with those of periodic structures. Through a proper design, it is possible to achieve compact lines, simultaneously providing the required electrical length and characteristic impedance at the design frequency (dictated by specifications), and efficiently filtering the response at higher frequencies. These lines are applied to the design of a compact power splitter with filtering capability in this work. The length of the splitter, based on a 35.35 Ω impedance inverter, is reduced by a factor of roughly two. Moreover, harmonic suppression better than 20 dB up to the fourth harmonic is achieved.
Does the Use of Gender-Fair Language Influence the Comprehensibility of Texts?
Authors: Friedrich Marcus C. G. , Heise Elke 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. In many languages masculine nouns and pronouns can be interpreted to refer to both male and female referents. However, even when the authors expressly point out that masculine forms are being used to refer to both women and men, readers and listeners predominantly form mental images of men. A gender-fair language that uses either masculine and feminine forms or gender-neutral forms to refer to women and men more equally elicits mental images of women and men. Critics often argue, however, that gender-fair language makes texts less comprehensible (readable). The present study tests this assumption for the German language: 355 students read a randomly assigned text that either used masculine-only forms or consistently used both masculine and feminine forms. After that, they answered the comprehensibility questionnaire by Friedrich (2017) . Participants who had read a text in gender-fair language did not give statistically significant lower ratings of comprehensibility than participants who had read a text that used masculine-only forms (partial η2 < .01; p > .05). The results indicate that the use of gender-fair language does not impair the comprehensibility of texts.
Characterization of Regional‐Scale CO2 Transport Uncertainties in an Ensemble with Flow‐Dependent Transport Errors
Authors: Chen Hans W. , Zhang Fuqing , Lauvaux Thomas , Davis Kenneth J. , Feng Sha , Butler Martha P. , Alley Richard B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInference of CO2 surface fluxes using atmospheric CO2 observations in atmospheric inversions depends critically on accurate representation of atmospheric transport. Here we characterize regional‐scale CO2 transport uncertainties due to uncertainties in meteorological fields using a mesoscale atmospheric model and an ensemble of simulations with flow‐dependent transport errors. During a 1‐month summer period over North America, transport uncertainties yield an ensemble spread in instantaneous CO2 at 100 m above ground level comparable to the CO2 uncertainties resulting from 48% relative uncertainty in 3‐hourly natural CO2 fluxes. Temporal averaging reduces transport uncertainties but increases the influence of CO2 uncertainties from the lateral boundaries. The influence of CO2 background uncertainties is especially large for column‐averaged CO2. These results suggest that transport errors and CO2 background errors limit regional atmospheric inversions at two distinct timescales and that the error characteristics of transport and background errors should guide the design of regional inversion systems.
Reduced Sea Ice Production Due to Upwelled Oceanic Heat Flux in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
Authors: Guo Guijun , Shi Jiuxin , Gao Libao , Tamura Takeshi , Williams Guy D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe coastal shelf region of East Antarctica is hypothesized to be shielded from the offshore heat of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) due to the dynamic barrier of the Antarctic Slope Front. Yet modified CDW (mCDW) intrudes into the coastal environment in key locations, with impacts on dense shelf water formation and ocean/ice shelf interaction that remain largely unquantified. Using moored measurements and conductivity‐temperature‐depth‐instrumented seal hydrographic data collected in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, we find buoyancy‐driven upwelling of mCDW into the subsurface (~50 m) layer of the southeastern embayment. Wintertime convection extends as deep as 300 m, entraining heat of the upwelled mCDW to the surface. Accumulated sensible heat supply to the surface through deep convection during June–July reduces the potential sea ice production by 45% in the Davis Polynya, demonstrating that stronger/warmer mCDW intrusions onto the shelf will likely reduce the shelf water density and threaten Antarctic Bottom Water formation.
Tsunamigenic Splay Faults Imply a Long‐Term Asperity in Southern Prince William Sound, Alaska
Authors: Liberty L. M. , Brothers D. S. , Haeussler P. J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCoseismic slip partitioning and uplift over multiple earthquake cycles is critical to understanding upper‐plate fault development. Bathymetric and seismic reflection data from the 1964 Mw9.2 Great Alaska earthquake rupture area reveal sea floor scarps along the tsunamigenic Patton Bay/Cape Cleare/Middleton Island fault system. The faults splay from a megathrust where duplexing and underplating produced rapid exhumation. Trenchward of the duplex region, the faults produce a complex deformation pattern from oblique, south‐directed shortening at the Yakutat‐Pacific plate boundary. Spatial and temporal fault patterns suggest that Holocene megathrust earthquakes had similar relative motions and thus similar tsunami sources as in 1964. Tsunamis during future earthquakes will likely produce similar run‐up patterns and travel times. Splay fault surface expressions thus relate to plate boundary conditions, indicating millennial‐scale persistence of this asperity. We suggest structure of the subducted slab directly influences splay fault and tsunami generation landward of the frontal subduction zone prism.
Formation of a New Great Dark Spot on Neptune in 2018
Authors: Simon A. A. , Wong M. H. , Hsu A. I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor the first time, Hubble Space Telescope visible‐wavelength imaging shows the formation history of a dark vortex on Neptune. A new northern Great Dark Spot (NDS‐2018) was discovered in September and November 2018 images, spanning roughly 12° of latitude and 27° in longitude (11,000 × 5,000 km) at 23°N planetographic latitude. NDS‐2018 is similar in size, shape, and longitudinal drift rate as the Voyager 2 Great Dark Spot near 22°S. NDS‐2018 was prominent in blue‐wavelength November 2018 images and drifted at 2.46°/hr westward. Yearly global maps demonstrate possibly related cloud activity in prior years. The drift rate and formation history of the dark vortex indicates a deep origin. We estimate that the north‐south gradient in zonal wind speed is almost 4 times larger at the depth of the dark vortex, compared with cloud‐tracked zonal winds.
CADM1 is a TWIST1-regulated suppressor of invasion and survival
Authors: Hartsough Edward J. , Weiss Michele B. , Heilman Shea A. , Purwin Timothy J. , Kugel Curtis H. , Rosenbaum Sheera R. , Erkes Dan A. , Tiago Manoela , HooKim Kim , Chervoneva Inna , Aplin Andrew E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMetastatic cancer remains a clinical challenge; however, patients diagnosed prior to metastatic dissemination have a good prognosis. The transcription factor, TWIST1 has been implicated in enhancing the migration and invasion steps within the metastatic cascade, but the range of TWIST1-regulated targets is poorly described. In this study, we performed expression profiling to identify the TWIST1-regulated transcriptome of melanoma cells. Gene ontology pathway analysis revealed that TWIST1 and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) were inversely correlated with levels of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies and promoter assays demonstrated that TWIST1 physically interacts with the CADM1 promoter, suggesting TWIST1 directly represses CADM1 levels. Increased expression of CADM1 resulted in significant inhibition of motility and invasiveness of melanoma cells. In addition, elevated CADM1 elicited caspase-independent cell death in non-adherent conditions. Expression array analysis suggests that CADM1 directed non-adherent cell death is associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequent failure of oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Importantly, tissue microarray analysis and clinical data from TCGA indicate that CADM1 expression is inversely associated with melanoma progression and positively correlated with better overall survival in patients. Together, these data suggest that CADM1 exerts tumor suppressive functions in melanoma by reducing invasive potential and may be considered a biomarker for favorable prognosis.
MicroRNA-129 modulates neuronal migration by targeting Fmr1 in the developing mouse cortex
Authors: Wu Chao , Zhang Xiaoling , Chen Pan , Ruan Xiangbin , Liu Wei , Li Yanchao , Sun Changjie , Hou Lin , Yin Bin , Qiang Boqin , Shu Pengcheng , Peng Xiaozhong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDuring cortical development, neuronal migration is one of the most important steps for normal cortical formation and function, and defects in this process cause many brain diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-129-5p and miR-129-3p were expressed in both neural progenitor cells and cortical neurons in the developing murine cortex. Moreover, abnormal miR-129 expression could block radial migration of both the deeper layer and upper layer neurons, and impair the multipolar to bipolar transition. However, antagomir-mediated inhibition resulted in overmigration of neurons. In addition, we showed that Fragile X Mental Retardation gene 1 (Fmr1), which is mutated in the autism spectrum disorder fragile X syndrome, is an important regulatory target for miR-129-5p. Furthermore, Fmr1 loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments showed opposite effects on miR-129 regulation of neuronal migration, and restoring Fmr1 expression could counteract the deleterious effect of miR-129 on neuronal migration. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-129-5p could modulate the expression of fragile X mental retardation 1 protein (FMRP) to ensure normal neuron positioning in the developing cerebral cortex.
Inhibition of DYRK1A-EGFR axis by p53-MDM2 cascade mediates the induction of cellular senescence
Authors: Xu Xiuhua , Liu Qiao , Zhang Chen , Ren Shuai , Xu Limei , Zhao Zixiao , Dou Hao , Li Peishan , Zhang Xiyu , Gong Yaoqin , Shao Changshun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractActivation of p53 may induce apoptosis or cellular senescence in stressed cells. We here report that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is downregulated by p53 activation in a subset of cancer cell lines, and this EGFR downregulation mediates cellular senescence caused by p53 activation. EGFR confers resistance to senescence by sustaining the ERK signaling. DYRK1A (dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A), an EGFR-stabilizing kinase, is downregulated by p53 and, when ectopically expressed, can attenuate p53 activation-induced EGFR reduction and cellular senescence. We further showed that the increased degradation of DYRK1A caused by p53 activation was mediated by MDM2. MDM2 was found to physically interact with and ubiquitinate DYRK1A, ultimately leading to its proteosomal degradation. Importantly, administration of Nutlin-3a, which disrupts the binding of MDM2 to p53, but not that of MDM2 to DYRK1A, reduced the levels of DYRK1A and EGFR, induced senescence, and inhibited growth of tumor xenografts formed by U87 glioblastoma cells. Ectopic expression of EGFR in tumor xenografts attenuated senescence and tumor reduction caused by Nultin-3a. Our findings thus established a novel link between p53 and EGFR and may have implications in p53 activation-based therapies.
A novel splicing mutation in SLC9A6 in a boy with Christianson syndrome
Authors: Ieda Daisuke , Hori Ikumi , Nakamura Yuji , Ohashi Kei , Negishi Yutaka , Hattori Ayako , Arisaka Atsuko , Hasegawa Setsuko , Saitoh Shinji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA loss of function mutation in SLC9A6 (Xq26.3) is responsible for Christianson syndrome in males. We identified a novel splicing mutation (NM_006359.2:c.1141-8C>A) of SLC9A6 in a seven-year-old boy with microcephaly, severe developmental delay, and intractable epilepsy. Functional analysis found multiple aberrant transcripts, none of which maintained the canonical open reading frame. Computer prediction tools, however, failed to detect all of the aberrant transcripts.
ZEB1 protects skeletal muscle from damage and is required for its regeneration
Authors: Siles Laura , Ninfali Chiara , Cortés Marlies , Darling Douglas S. , Postigo Antonio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms linking muscle injury and regeneration are not fully understood. Here we report an unexpected role for ZEB1 regulating inflammatory and repair responses in dystrophic and acutely injured muscles. ZEB1 is upregulated in the undamaged and regenerating myofibers of injured muscles. Compared to wild-type counterparts, Zeb1-deficient injured muscles exhibit enhanced damage that corresponds with a retarded p38-MAPK-dependent transition of their macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Zeb1-deficient injured muscles also display a delayed and poorer regeneration that is accounted by the retarded anti-inflammatory macrophage transition and their intrinsically deficient muscle satellite cells (MuSCs). Macrophages in Zeb1-deficient injured muscles show lower phosphorylation of p38 and its forced activation reverts the enhanced muscle damage and poorer regeneration. MuSCs require ZEB1 to maintain their quiescence, prevent their premature activation following injury, and drive efficient regeneration in dystrophic muscles. These data indicate that ZEB1 protects muscle from damage and is required for its regeneration.
Two-dimensional molecular brush-functionalized porous bilayer composite separators toward ultrastable high-current density lithium metal anodes
Authors: Li Chuanfa , Liu Shaohong , Shi Chenguang , Liang Ganghao , Lu Zhitao , Fu Ruowen , Wu Dingcai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLithium metal batteries have been considerably limited by the problems of uncontrolled dendritic lithium formation and the highly reactive nature of lithium with electrolytes. Herein, we have developed functional porous bilayer composite separators by simply blade-coating polyacrylamide-grafted graphene oxide molecular brushes onto commercial polypropylene separators. Our functional porous bilayer composite separators integrate the lithiophilic feature of hairy polyacrylamide chains and fast electrolyte diffusion pathways with the excellent mechanical strength of graphene oxide nanosheets and thus enable molecular-level homogeneous and fast lithium ionic flux on the surfaces of electrodes. As a result, dendrite-free uniform lithium deposition with a high Coulombic efficiency (98%) and ultralong-term reversible lithium plating/stripping (over 2600 h) at a high current density (2 mA cm−2) are achieved for lithium metal anodes. Remarkably, lithium metal anodes with an unprecedented stability of more than 1900 h cycling at an ultrahigh current density of 20 mA cm−2 are demonstrated.