bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous thrombolysis for suspected ischemic stroke with seizure at onset
Authors: Polymeris Alexandros A. , Curtze Sami , Erdur Hebun , Hametner Christian , Heldner Mirjam R. , Groot Adrien E. , Zini Andrea , Béjot Yannick , Dietrich Annina , Martinez‐Majander Nicolas , von Rennenberg Regina , Gumbinger Christoph , Schaedelin Sabine , De Marchis Gian Marco , Thilemann Sebastian , Traenka Christopher , Lyrer Philippe A. , Bonati Leo H. , Wegener Susanne , Ringleb Peter A. , Tatlisumak Turgut , Nolte Christian H. , Scheitz Jan F. , Arnold Marcel , Strbian Daniel , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Gensicke Henrik , Engelter Stefan T. ,   for the TRISP Collaborators
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveSeizure at onset (SaO) has been considered a relative contraindication for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke, although this appraisal is not evidence based. Here, we investigated the prognostic significance of SaO in patients treated with IVT for suspected ischemic stroke.MethodsIn this multicenter, IVT‐registry–based study we assessed the association between SaO and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH, European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II definition), 3‐month mortality, and 3‐month functional outcome on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression, coarsened exact matching, and inverse probability weighted analyses.ResultsAmong 10,074 IVT‐treated patients, 146 (1.5%) had SaO. SaO patients had significantly higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and glucose on admission, and more often female sex, prior stroke, and prior functional dependence than non‐SaO patients. In unadjusted analysis, they had generally less favorable outcomes. After controlling for confounders in adjusted, matched, and weighted analyses, all associations between SaO and any of the outcomes disappeared, including sICH (odds ratio [OR]unadjusted = 1.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.74–3.14], ORadjusted = 0.52 [95% CI = 0.13–2.16], ORmatched = 0.68 [95% CI = 0.15–3.03], ORweighted = 0.95 [95% CI = 0.39–2.32]), mortality (ORunadjusted = 1.49 [95% CI = 1.00–2.24], ORadjusted = 0.98 [95% CI = 0.5–1.92], ORmatched = 1.13 [95% CI = 0.55–2.33], ORweighted = 1.17 [95% CI = 0.73–1.88]), and functional outcome (mRS ≥ 3/ordinal mRS: ORunadjusted = 1.33 [95% CI = 0.96–1.84]/1.35 [95% CI = 1.01–1.81], ORadjusted = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.45–1.32]/0.78 [95% CI = 0.52–1.16], ORmatched = 0.75 [95% CI = 0.43–1.32]/0.45 [95% CI = 0.10–2.06], ORweighted = 0.87 [95% CI = 0.57–1.34]/1.00 [95% CI = 0.66–1.52]). These results were consistent regardless of whether patients had an eventual diagnosis of ischemic stroke (89/146) or stroke mimic (57/146 SaO patients).InterpretationSaO was not an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Withholding IVT from patients with assumed ischemic stroke presenting with SaO seems unjustified. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:770–779
Elektrochemische In‐situ‐Röntgenbeugung: Eine präzise Methode zur Navigation in Phasendiagrammen enthüllt β‐Fe1+xSe als Supraleiter für alle x
Authors: Rasche Bertold , Yang Minjun , Nikonow Lothar , Cooper Joshaniel F. K. , Murray Claire A. , Day Sarah J. , Kleiner Karin , Clarke Simon J. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDie Zusammensetzung von β‐Fe1+xSe wurde postsynthetisch in elektrochemischen Experimenten variiert, mit gleichzeitiger Analyse der strukturellen Veränderungen via In‐situ‐Synchrotron‐Röntgenbeugung. Die gesamte Phasenbreite von 0.01<x<0.04 ist dabei zugänglich und der Phasenübergang zur Supraleitung bei ca. 8 K wird, im Gegensatz zu früheren Berichten, unabhängig von x beobachtet. Andererseits zeigen weitere In‐situ‐Röntgenbeugungsexperimente, dass β‐Fe1+xSe in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff oberhalb von 100 °C eine leicht veränderte, neue Struktur vom anti‐PbO‐Typ bildet, welche bis 1.8 K nicht supraleitend wird. Diese Umwandlung kann elektrochemisch rückgängig gemacht werden, womit der supraleitende Phasenübergang wieder beobachtet wird. Diese Ergebnisse sind nur durch die sensible elektrochemische Methode der Veränderung der Zusammensetzung im Gegensatz zur klassischen Synthese zugänglich.
The Three‐Dimensional Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode on a Copper Mesh with a Zinc‐Oriented Polyacrylamide Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Zhang Qi , Luan Jingyi , Fu Liang , Wu Shengan , Tang Yougen , Ji Xiaobo , Wang Haiyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries have been considered as a promising candidate for next‐generation batteries. However, the formation of zinc dendrites are the most severe problems limiting their practical applications. To develop stable zinc metal anodes, a synergistic method is presented that combines the Cu‐Zn solid solution interface on a copper mesh skeleton with good zinc affinity and a polyacrylamide electrolyte additive to modify the zinc anode, which can greatly reduce the overpotential of the zinc nucleation and increase the stability of zinc deposition. The as‐prepared zinc anodes show a dendrite‐free plating/stripping behavior over a wide range of current densities. The symmetric cell using this dendrite‐free anode can be cycled for more than 280 h with a very low voltage hysteresis (93.1 mV) at a discharge depth of 80 %. The high capacity retention and low polarization are also realized in Zn/MnO2 full cells.
Base‐free Enantioselective C(1)‐Ammonium Enolate Catalysis Exploiting Aryloxides: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study
Authors: McLaughlin Calum , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Smith Andrew D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn isothiourea‐catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of aryl ester pronucleophiles to vinyl bis‐sulfones via C(1)‐ammonium enolate intermediates has been developed. This operationally simple method allows the base‐free functionalization of aryl esters to form α‐functionalized products containing two contiguous tertiary stereogenic centres in excellent yield and stereoselectivity (all ≥99:1 er). Key to the success of this methodology is the multifunctional role of the aryloxide, which operates as a leaving group, Brønsted base, Brønsted acid and Lewis base within the catalytic cycle. Comprehensive mechanistic studies, including variable time normalization analysis (VTNA) and isotopologue competition experiments, have been carried out. These studies have identified (i) orders of all reactants; (ii) a turnover‐limiting Michael addition step, (iii) product inhibition, (iv) the catalyst resting state and (v) catalyst deactivation through protonation.
Investigation of the Support Effect in Atomically Dispersed Pt on WO3−x for Utilization of Pt in the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Park Jinkyu , Lee Seonggyu , Kim Hee‐Eun , Cho Ara , Kim Seongbeen , Ye Youngjin , Han Jeong Woo , Lee Hyunjoo , Jang Jong Hyun , Lee Jinwoo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted growing attention because they maximize the number of active sites, with unpredictable catalytic activity. Despite numerous studies on SACs, there is little research on the support, which is essential to understanding SAC. Herein, we systematically investigated the influence of the support on the performance of the SAC by comparing with single‐atom Pt supported on carbon (Pt SA/C) and Pt nanoparticles supported on WO3−x (Pt NP/WO3−x). The results revealed that the support effect was maximized for atomically dispersed Pt supported on WO3−x (Pt SA/WO3−x). The Pt SA/WO3−x exhibited a higher degree of hydrogen spillover from Pt atoms to WO3−x at the interface, compared with Pt NP/WO3−x, which drastically enhanced Pt mass activity for hydrogen evolution (up to 10 times). This strategy provides a new framework for enhancing catalytic activity for HER, by reducing noble metal usage in the field of SACs.
A Dual‐Surface Amidoximated Halloysite Nanotube for High‐Efficiency Economical Uranium Extraction from Seawater
Authors: Zhao Shilei , Yuan Yihui , Yu Qiuhan , Niu Biye , Liao Jianhe , Guo Zhanhu , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBy chemical cross‐linking the amidoxime group onto dual‐surfaces of natural ore materials, namely halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), an efficient adsorbent, AO‐HNTs, is developed. AO‐HNTs show high uranium adsorption capacity of 456.24 mg g−1 in 32 ppm uranium‐spiked simulated seawater. In natural seawater, AO‐HNTs reach the high uranium extraction capacity of 9.01 mg g−1 after 30 days’ field test. The dual‐surface amidoximated hollow nanotubular AO‐HNTs exhibit more coordination active sites for uranium adsorption, which is attributed to the high and fast uranium adsorption capacity. Because of the stable natural ore structure, AO‐HNTs also show long service life. Benefiting from the low cost of HNTs, the cost for uranium extraction from seawater is close to the uranium price in the spot uranium market, suggesting that AO‐HNTs could be used for economical extraction of uranium from the oceans.
Ultrafast Relaxation Processes of Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles in the Presence of Au Nanoparticles
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Ghosh Srijon , Jana Bikash , Patra Amitava 
Published: August 2019

AbstractConsidering the importance of conjugated polymer nanoparticles, major emphasis has been given for designing and understanding the energy transfer and charge transfer processes of organic‐inorganic hybrids for light harvesting applications. In the present study, we have designed an aqueous solution‐based light harvesting system using conjugated polymer nanoparticles (poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene], MEH‐PPV) and Au nanoparticles. The change in photo‐induced processes in the presence of metal nanoparticles are studied by steady‐state absorption, time‐resolved emission, time‐resolved fluorescence up‐conversion, ultrafast anisotropy and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Global and target analysis of transient absorption data validate the creation of a collective delocalized state in polymer nanoparticles, and the time scale for excitation energy funnelling from S1 state to low lying collective delocalized state (CLs) is 18 ps. Then, the electron transfer from the CLs state to Au NP occurs with a time constant of 150 ps. The 815 ps long lived charge transfer (CT) state signifies the charge transfer from the CLs state of polymer nanoparticles to Au NP. Such basic understanding of relaxation processes in hybrid systems is very important for designing inorganic‐organic hybrid light‐harvesting systems.
Synthesis of Colloidal Molecules: Recent Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Mérindol Rémi , Duguet Etienne , Ravaine Serge 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and study of colloidal molecules, that is to say clusters of a small number of colloidal entities that resemble the configuration of atoms in molecules both in constituent size and angular arrangement to that of valence shell electron pair repulsion model‐related space‐filling geometries, are of continued and significant interest. The rapid development in this research area has attracted intense interest from researchers with diverse expertise, and numerous methods towards the synthesis of colloidal molecules have been reported. In this Minireview, we attempt to give an overview of these latest developments, classifying them in processes based on controlled phase separation phenomena, on controlled surface nucleation and growth, and on controlled clustering. We also discuss the potential use of colloidal molecules as building blocks to fabricate new hierarchically organized superstructures and functional materials.
A case of primary aldosteronism with resistant hypertension successfully treated by unilateral adrenalectomy after unsuccessful classification of subtype in adrenal venous sampling
Authors: Nakamaru Ryo , Yamamoto Koichi , Nozato Satoko , Hongyo Kazuhiro , Nagasawa Motonori , Hagiya Hideharu , Nakagami Futoshi , Akasaka Hiroshi , Kurinami Hitomi , Takami Yoichi , Takeya Yasushi , Sugimoto Ken , Ujike Takeshi , Uemura Motohide , Nonomura Norio , Rakugi Hiromi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite being an established method to identify the unilateral subtype of primary aldosteronism with an indication of adrenalectomy, adrenal venous sampling sometimes fails primarily due to unsuccessful cannulation to adrenal veins. In such cases, the analysis of clinical findings might help to identify the indication of surgery.
The Role of the Oxygen Vacancies in the Synthesis of 1, 3‐Butadiene from Ethanol
Authors: Chagas Luciano H. , Zonetti Priscila C. , Matheus Caio R. V. , Rabello Carlos R. K. , Alves Odivaldo C. , Appel Lucia G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe t‐ZrO2 doped with Zn catalyst and t‐ZrO2 as reference were employed in the butadiene synthesis from ethanol. Both catalysts were characterized by NH3‐TPD, CO2‐TPD, TPSR, the MPV model reaction, ICP, BET and EPR. Adding 0.2 wt% Zn to t‐ZrO2, the selectivity to butadiene increases three fold whereas the one to ethylene decreases. When ZrO2 is doped, the number of basic sites increases and the number of acid sites decreases. The TPSR spectra indicate that the acetaldehyde generation is the rate limiting step of the butadiene synthesis. The slowest step of the acetaldehyde generation is the H abstraction by a strong basic site. The EPR spectra show the replacement of Zr4+ by Zn2+ in the lattice of the t‐ZrO2 oxide. This phenomenon forms pairs of oxygen vacancies and coordinatively unsaturated Zr4+ ions (cus), which are strong basic sites and acid sites, respectively. Doping ZrO2 with Zn, the ethanol dehydrogenation and the butadiene synthesis are promoted not only due to the changes in the acidity and basicity of the catalyst but mainly because of the generation of oxygen vacancies and cus pairs during the reaction. These oxygen vacancies seem to behave as strong Brønsted basic sites.
Zeolite Surface Methoxy Groups as Key Intermediates in the Stepwise Conversion of Methane to Methanol
Authors: Dyballa Michael , Thorshaug Knut , Pappas Dimitrios K. , Borfecchia Elisa , Kvande Karoline , Bordiga Silvia , Berlier Gloria , Lazzarini Andrea , Olsbye Unni , Beato Pablo , Svelle Stian , Arstad Bjørnar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis contribution clarifies the overoxidation‐preventing key step in the methane‐to‐methanol (MTM) conversion over copper mordenite zeolites. We followed the methane‐to‐methanol conversion over copper mordenite zeolites by NMR spectroscopy supported by DRIFTS to show that surface methoxy groups (SMGs) located at zeolite Brønsted sites are the key intermediates. The SMGs with chemical shift of 59 ppm are identical to those formed on a copper‐free reference zeolite after reaction with methanol and react with water, methanol, or carbon monoxide to yield methanol, dimethyl ether, and acetate. This reactivity corroborates the location of SMGs at Brønsted sites. We find no evidence for stable SMGs directly at copper sites and explain mechanistically why H‐form mordenites outperform their Na‐form analogues. This finding is of interest for any future process that tries to trap the intermediate methane oxidation product towards methanol.
Dynamic Behaviour in Microcompartments
Authors: Lin Youping , Wang Lei , Huang Xin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCompartmentalisation is recognised to be a primary step for the assembly of non‐living matter towards the construction of life‐like microensembles. To date, a host of hollow microcompartments with various functionalities have been widely developed. Within this respect, given that dynamic behaviour is one of the fundamental features to distinguish living ensembles from those that are non‐living, the design and construction of microcompartments with various dynamic behaviours are attracting considerable interest from a wide range of research communities. Significantly, the created dynamic microcompartments could also be widely used as chassis for further bottom‐up design towards building protocell models by integrating and booting up necessary biological information. Herein, strategies to install the various motility behaviours into microcompartments, including haptotaxis, chemotaxis and gravitaxis, are summarized in the anticipation of inspiring more designs towards creating various advanced active microcompartments, and contributing new techniques to the ultimate goal of constructing a basic living unit entirely from non‐living components.
The response of vegetation cover and dune activity to rainfall, drought and fire observed by multitemporal satellite imagery
Authors: Fisher Adrian , Hesse Paul P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe stable longitudinal dunes in the northern Simpson Desert, Australia, were observed in satellite imagery to become more active after vegetation cover was reduced by fire and drought. Subsequent rainfall events also resulted in significant vegetation regrowth and dune stabilization. These switches between more active and stable conditions have not been previously described in the largely vegetated dune fields of central Australia. The observations, made on 12 dune sites, relied on high spatial resolution satellite imagery to observe dune crest activity, and seasonal Landsat fractional cover imagery to observe vegetation cover changes. The non‐photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) component of the fractional vegetation cover images revealed significant changes in hummock grass cover on the dunes between 1988 and 2018, with a positive relationship with the three‐year cumulative rainfall, disrupted by two periods of patchy burning. Only those sites that had burnt became active, and only after vegetation cover had remained low (NPV < 16%) during the ‘Millennium Drought’. There is no threshold in vegetation cover, below which dune crests become active, but active dune features require four‐years of low NPV cover (< 16%) to develop. The large rainfall event that ended the drought increased NPV cover, stabilizing the dunes. Similar hummock grass covered dunes are present across large areas of the arid zone, and are likely to respond in similar ways, given that fire and drought are common occurrences in Australia. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dose‐dependent effects of kefir on colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in rats
Authors: Sevencan Nurhayat Ozkan , Isler Mehmet , Kapucuoglu Fatma Nilgun , Senol Altug , Kayhan Burcak , Kiztanir Sefa , Kockar Muhammed Cem 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEvidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a critical role in the initiation and promotion of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Kefir is a fermented dairy product including yeast and bacterial species. We aimed to investigate the effect of kefir on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)‐induced colitis in rats using two different doses. Fifty‐four Wistar rats were divided into six groups. For 14 days, the normal control and colitis control groups were given tap water, kefir10 control, kefir10 colitis, and kefir30 control, and the kefir30 colitis groups were given phosphate‐buffered saline containing 10% or 30% kefir, respectively, instead of tap water. Colitis was induced by intracolonically administrating TNBS in the colitis control, kefir10 colitis, and kefir30 colitis groups. On the 14th day, the rats were sacrificed. The weights and lengths of the colons were measured and macroscopically evaluated, and the distal 10 cm segments were subjected to a histopathological examination. The incidence of bloody stool and diarrhea in the kefir10 colitis group was found to be less than the colitis control and kefir30 colitis groups. The colonic weight/length ratio in the kefir10 colitis group was lower than that in the colitis control and kefir30 colitis groups. We detected that the 10% kefir treatment reduced TNBS‐induced macroscopic colonic damage, while it was exacerbated by the 30% kefir treatment. No significant difference was observed between the colitis groups in terms of microscopic colonic damage scoring. These results indicate that kefir, with a careful dose selection, may be a useful agent in the treatment of IBD.
Effect of extruded adzuki bean flour on the quality and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of Chinese steamed bread
Authors: Chen Yinhuan , Yang Xiushi , Guo Huimin , Li Jincai , Ren Guixing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn order to improve the commercial and nutritional quality of Chinese steamed bread (CSB), effect of extruded adzuki bean flour (EABF) substitution (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) for wheat flour on the quality properties of blended flour and CSB was studied. Results showed that the development time, stability time, and farinograph quality number of blended flours were decreased with EABF addition, although water absorption and softening degree were increased. Pasting properties of them were also degraded with the addition. EABF substitution lowered the lightness and strengthened the hardness of CSB. The sensory evaluation total scores of CSB were both improved with 10% and 20% EABF addition, because slight red color of them was favored by the panelist. Nutritional analysis showed that CSB with 10% and 20% EABF ranked higher protein and essential amino acids content than that of WF‐CSB, especially lysine and threonine. Addition of EABF contributed to the superior α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of protein isolated from CSBs. α‐Glucosidase inhibition rate of CSB made from EABF (39.88%) was improved nearly five times compared with that of WF. It might be concluded that CSB with addition of 10% and 20% EABF could be used as a nutritional and healthy staple food.
Physical activity and loneliness among adults aged 50 years or older in six low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Vancampfort Davy , Lara Elvira , Smith Lee , Rosenbaum Simon , Firth Joseph , Stubbs Brendon , Hallgren Mats , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionLoneliness is widespread and associated with deleterious outcomes in middle‐aged and older age people in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Physical activity is one potential psychosocial strategy with the potential to reduce loneliness in this population. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity (PA) and loneliness in middle‐aged and older people from six LMICs.Materials and methodsData from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self‐reported data on loneliness and PA (as assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) were collected. Participants were dichotomized into those who do and do not meet the international recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week. Associations between loneliness and PA were examined using logistic regressions.ResultsAmong 34 129 individuals aged 50 years or older, the prevalence of loneliness was higher among those not meeting the PA guidelines in all countries, although this difference was not significant in Mexico and South Africa. After full adjustment, not meeting PA guidelines was positively associated with loneliness in the meta‐analysis based on country‐wise estimates, with a moderate level of between‐country heterogeneity being observed (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.61; I2 = 48.7%). At an individual country level, statistical significance was only reached in Ghana (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.44‐2.49).DiscussionOur data suggest that physical inactivity and loneliness commonly co‐occur in adults aged 50 years or older in LMICs overall but that this association differs by country. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings and investigate potential mechanisms that may inform future interventions.