bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muslim CEO, women on boards and corporate responsibility reporting: some evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Alazzani Abdulsamad , Wan-Hussin Wan Nordin , Jones Michael 
Published: February 2019

PurposeVery limited research has been devoted to answering the question of whether the religious beliefs of the upper echelons of management and gender diversity have any impacts on the communication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) information in the marketplace. This study aims to fill the void in the literature by posing the two research questions: first, does the CEO religion affect a firm’s CSR behaviour?; second, do the women on the boards influence CSR reporting?Design/methodology/approachThe authors performed the tests on a sample of 133 firms listed in Bursa Malaysia that have analysts following using a self-constructed CSR disclosure index based on information in annual reports in 2009. A total of 23 per cent of the sample firms have Muslim CEOs, and women made up only 8 per cent of board members.FindingsThe authors find that Muslim CEOs are significantly associated with greater disclosure of CSR information. The authors also find a moderate relationship between board gender diversity and CSR disclosure. This is probably because of insufficient number of women on boards.Research limitations/implicationsThe disclosure index is based on unsubstantiated CSR information provided in annual reports, and the authors examine only two aspects of board diversity, namely, Muslim religiosity and gender mix.Originality/valueThis study advances the research on upper echelons theory by illuminating the importance of religious value in influencing the CSR behaviour of corporate leaders. This has been largely overlooked because of lack of data.
Zeta potential of porous rocks in contact with mixtures of monovalent and divalent electrolytes
Authors: Thanh Luong Duy , Sprik Rudolf , Nguyen Xuan Ca 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe zeta potential is one of the most important parameters influencing the electrokinetic coupling. Most reservoir rocks are saturated or partially saturated by natural water containing various types of ions (mostly monovalent and divalent ions). Therefore, understanding how the zeta potential behaves for mixtures of electrolytes is very important. In this work, measurements of the zeta potential for four different silica‐based samples saturated by seven different mixtures of monovalent and divalent electrolytes are then carried out at a fixed ionic strength. It is seen that the magnitude of the measured zeta potential decreases with increasing divalent cation fraction. The experimental results are then explained by a model developed for mixtures of monovalent and divalent electrolytes. The result shows that the theoretical model is able to reproduce the main trend of the variation of the zeta potential with divalent cation fractions. Additionally, the model can fit the experimental data reported in literature well for reasonable values of the input parameters.
Impact of climate change on Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) phenology and its implications on pest management
Authors: Gagnon Annie‐Ève , Bourgeois Gaétan , Bourdages Line , Grenier Patrick , Blondlot Anne 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Climate change can cause negative impacts to the agricultural sector by increasing pest damage to crops. The European corn borer (ECB) is a major insect pest of corn in North America. Its speed of development could potentially accelerate under a warmer climate, leading to an earlier development of the first generation and an increase in the number of generations per year.
The main objective of this study was to assess the potential impacts of climate change on ECB management for the future period 2041–2070 in Quebec, Canada, using bioclimatic modelling and climate analogues.
First flight of ECB moths could occur about 15 days earlier in the season in 2041–2070 compared to the reference period 1970–1999.
The window for insecticide interventions may be reduced under climate change by 15.6% to 27.8% for univoltine ECB and by 13.8% to 52.7% for bivoltine ECB.
Climate change could promote the development of an additional generation in the southern region for both races, considering temperature increases and factors inducing the overwintering diapause.
ECB management could become more costly both economically and environmentally under the future climate, and it should be revised according to the results of this study.
The relationship between cannabis and male infertility, sexual health, and neoplasm: a systematic review
Authors: Rajanahally S. , Raheem O. , Rogers M. , Brisbane W. , Ostrowski K. , Lendvay T. , Walsh T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn the United States of America (USA), cannabis is legal in 28 states for medical purposes and 8 states for recreational use. In 2016, the legal marijuana industry reached nearly $7 billion in sales in the USA alone. Although consumption continues to increase, the medical effects of marijuana remain understudied. Young males comprise the demographic most likely to consume cannabis, and these individuals will be most vulnerable to its short‐ and long‐term consequences.ObjectiveThe purpose of this manuscript is to systematically review the available literature describing the effects of marijuana on male infertility, sexual health, and urologic neoplasms.Materials and methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Medline and Embase databases through May 2017. In vitro models, animal models, case series, case–control, and cohort designs were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) statement was utilized to report results.ResultsAfter exclusions, 91 articles were synthesized for qualitative analysis. Of these manuscripts, 30 pertained to marijuana and male infertility, 36 discussed cannabis and male sexual health/hormones, and 25 explored the relationship between marijuana and urologic neoplasms.DiscussionWith respect to male factor fertility using semen parameters as a surrogate, cannabinoids likely play an inhibitory role. Data on marijuana and male sexual function are mixed but suggest that marijuana may enhance the subjective experience of sexual intercourse while potentially contributing to ED in a dose‐dependent manner. Cannabis has been associated with both increased and decreased risk of malignancy depending upon the target organ. Marijuana exposure seems to be an independent risk factor for testis cancer, data on bladder cancer are conflicting, and the evidence on prostate cancer supports anti‐neoplastic effects of cannabinoids.ConclusionStudies of the effects of cannabis suggest impact on urologic health and disease. Prospective, long‐term studies are necessary for further elucidation of these effects.
Peri‐implantitis prevalence, incidence rate, and risk factors: A study of electronic health records at a U.S. dental school
Authors: Kordbacheh Changi Khashayar , Finkelstein Joseph , Papapanou Panos N. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed peri‐implantitis prevalence, incidence rate, and associated risk factors by analyzing electronic oral health records (EHRs) in an educational institution.MethodsWe used a validated reference cohort comprising all patients receiving dental implants over a 3.5‐year period (2,127 patients and 6,129 implants). Electronic oral health records of a random 10% subset were examined for an additional follow‐up of ≥2.5 years to assess the presence of radiographic bone loss, defined as >2 mm longitudinal increase in the distance between the implant shoulder and the supporting peri‐implant bone level (PBL) between time of placement and follow‐up. “Intact” implants had no or ≤2 mm PBL increase from baseline. Electronic oral health record notes were reviewed to corroborate a definitive peri‐implantitis diagnosis at implants with progressive bone loss. A nested case–control analysis of peri‐implantitis‐affected implants randomly matched by age with “intact” implants from peri‐implantitis‐free individuals identified putative risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of peri‐implantitis over an average follow‐up of 2 years was 34% on the patient level and 21% on the implant level. Corresponding incidence rates were 0.16 and 0.10 per patient‐year and implant‐year, respectively. Multiple conditional logistic regression identified ill‐fitting fixed prosthesis (OR = 5.9; 95% CI: 1.6–21.1), cement‐retained prosthesis (OR = 4.5; 2.1–9.5), and radiographic evidence of periodontitis (OR = 3.6; 1.7–7.6) as statistically associated with peri‐implantitis. Implant location in the mandible (OR = 0.02; 0.003–0.2) and use of antibiotics in conjunction with implant surgery (OR = 0.19; 0.05–0.7) emerged as protective exposures.ConclusionsApproximately 1/3 of the patients and 1/5 of all implants experienced peri‐implantitis. Ill‐fitting/ill‐designed fixed and cement‐retained restorations, and history of periodontitis emerged as the principal risk factors for peri‐implantitis.
Long noncoding RNA expression profile from cryptococcal meningitis patients identifies DPY19L1p1 as a new disease marker
Authors: Zhang Lei , Fang Wen‐Jie , Zhang Ke‐Ming , Jiang Wei‐Wei , Chen Min , Liao Wan‐Qing , Pan Wei‐Hua 
Published: February 2019

SummaryAimsLncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological and physiological process. This study aimed to explore the involvement of lncRNAs in cryptococcal meningitis.MethodsMicroarray was performed in cryptococcal meningitis patients, and then, GO and KEGG pathways were analyzed. Coexpression relationship between lncRNA and mRNA was explored. The expressions of the lncRNAs and mRNAs, and their changes after treatment were detected by PCR.ResultsA total of 325 mRNAs (201 upregulated and 124 downregulated) and 497 lncRNAs (263 upregulated and 234 downregulated) were identified. The top three enriched GO terms for the mRNAs were arachidonic acid binding, activin receptor binding, and replication fork protection complex. The top three pathways in KEGG were asthma, one carbon pool by folate, and allograft rejection. A total of 305 coexpression relationships were found between 108 lncRNAs and 87 mRNAs. LncRNA‐DPY19L1p1 was significantly increased in patients and decreased after treatment. ROC analysis revealed DPY19L1p1 was a potential diagnostic marker (AUCROC = 0.9389). Furthermore, the target genes of DPY19L1p1 in cis or trans regulation were mainly involved in immune‐related pathways like the interleukin signaling pathway.ConclusionsThis study analyzed the differential lncRNA profile in cryptococcal meningitis patients and revealed DPY19L1p1 could be used for treatment evaluation and disease diagnosis.
Dynamic imaging provides novel insight into the shape and stability of soil aggregates
Authors: Kayser Gilles , Graf‐Rosenfellner Markus , Schack‐Kirchner Helmer , Lang Friederike 
Published: February 2019

Soil structural traits provide links between soil structure and ecosystem functioning. The size and stability of soil aggregates are assumed to provide information on aggregate formation and turnover. A standard method to analyse these traits is to determine the mass distribution on sieves. The major drawback of this method is the small size resolution because of a small number of size classes. A promising, yet still unexplored, method for size distribution analysis in soil science, is dynamic image analysis, which foremost allows a much larger diameter resolution and the assessment of both size and shape distributions. The aim of our study was to validate the applicability of dynamic digital image analysis in combination with sonication to characterize the size and shape distribution and the stability of aggregates. We used two different heterogeneous reference materials and three different soil samples with different aggregate stabilities to test this method. The soil samples were chosen based on increasing clay, humus and calcium carbonate contents. The method yielded reproducible results for diameter and shape distributions for both reference materials and soil samples. The most important improvement compared to well‐established methods was the extremely large size resolution. This allows specification of the pattern of diameter‐dependent breakup curves by relating them to specific soil properties. The information on sphericity adds supplementary information on the aggregates released. We found much lower sphericity of 1‐mm aggregates mobilized from topsoil samples formed from the activity of living organisms than aggregates mobilized from subsoil samples formed mainly by physicochemical processes.Highlights

Our aim was to validate dynamic digital image analysis to characterize soil aggregates.
Dynamic image analysis allows high resolution and shape analysis compared to established methods.
The method yielded reproducible results for diameter and shape distributions.
We established high‐resolution disruption patterns of aggregates enabling new approaches in future research.
Latitudinal gradients in the ecology of New World bats
Authors: Alroy John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimThe aim was to quantify gradients in local richness levels, feeding strategies and body mass distributions in bats and relate them to environmental variation and habitat disturbance.LocationThe New World.Time periodPresent day.Major taxa studiedBats.MethodsI assembled 152 local species inventories from the published literature, which include 245 species, along with body mass measurements and dietary categorizations. I quantified species richness using the Chao 1 extrapolator, obtained mean mass values for the inventories and computed proportions of species and of individuals belonging to different feeding guilds. I reduced the dimensonality of environmental variables using factor analysis and regressed richness values upon the factor scores.ResultsSouth of the Tropic of Cancer, bats exhibit sharp increases in local diversity, the abundance of frugivores and nectarivores, and mean body mass. These offsets are driven by increases in the richness and abundance of the leaf‐nosed bats (Phyllostomidae). Richness steeply declines near the Tropic of Capricorn, but the other variables do not trend strongly at this point. Most of the variance is explained by mean annual temperature, temperature seasonality and precipitation. There is no direct evidence that richness is lower in disturbed landscapes.Main conclusionsThe great radiation of phyllostomids in the Neotropics has created a uniquely rich biota. The reason that phyllostomids are now absent from the northern temperate zone might be that they are mostly frugivores or nectarivores. Therefore, they have prospered only in regions that provide fruit and nectar year‐round. Thus, biotic interactions might be the immediate cause of the latitudinal diversity gradient in New World bats. If so, then the biogeographical break is driven by environmental factors and is not a historical artefact. These results suggest that a more nuanced consideration of latitudinal gradients will prove to be helpful when it comes to studying many taxonomic groups.
Influence of occlusal deterioration considering prosthetics on subsequent all‐cause mortality in a Japanese elderly independent population
Authors: Yamaga Takayuki , Ogawa Hiroshi , Miyazaki Hideo 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe influence of occlusal deterioration on mortality may be incorrectly estimated due to improvements in the occlusal condition with prosthetics or deterioration without prosthetics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of occlusion cross‐sectional status and longitudinal changes considering prosthetics for subsequent all‐cause mortality in an elderly population.MethodsTwo dental examinations, in 1999 and 2003, were conducted in 378 subjects aged 71 years old in 1999. Annual follow‐ups to check survival information were performed until 2011. The Eichner index (EI), based on tooth contacts between the maxilla and mandible in the bilateral molar regions, was used as a measurement of occlusal condition. Three modified EIs, EI‐o (ie, original EI), EI‐f adding contacts by fixed prosthetic appliances, and EI‐r adding contacts by all prosthetics, were used. For survival analysis, the survival period was calculated from the last dental examination (in 2003) to death or censoring.ResultsIn Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, a deterioration in EI‐f was a significant risk factor for stability (HR = 2.56, P = 0.018) after adjusting for potential confounders. However, occlusal conditions in 2003 did not have an influence on subsequent mortality and the occlusal losses of almost all subjects were at least partially recovered by removable prosthetics.ConclusionThis study clarified that prosthetic dental care may reduce the influence of occlusal loss on mortality and that an event such as a large occlusal loss unrecoverable with fixed prosthesis alone at an older age may increase risk of death in Japanese elderly subjects.
A review of the etiologies, clinical characteristics, and treatment of canities
Authors: Triwongwaranat Daranporn , Thuangtong Rattapon , Arunkajohnsak Sittiroj 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHair pigmentation is regulated by follicular melanogenesis, in which the process consists of melanin formation and transfer to keratinocytes in the hair shaft. Human hair follicles contain two types of melanin: the brown‐black eumelanin and yellow‐red pheomelanin. Eumelanin is commonly present in black and brown hair while pheomelanin is found in auburn and blonde hair. Hair follicle melanogenesis is under cyclical control and is concurrently coupled to hair growth. Many factors including intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect the follicular melanogenesis. Though many studies have been conducted to identify the pathogenesis and regulation of hair pigmentation, the etiology of canities and hair pigmentation is still unclear. The pathogenesis of canities or gray hair is believed to occur either from insufficient melanin formation due to melanocyte degeneration or a defect in melanosomal transfer. Canities is an aging sign which often interferes with one's socio‐cultural adjustment. On the other hand, premature canities correlate with diseases such as osteopenia and cardiovascular disease. Risk factors associated with canities are not only genetic but also external causes. For example, smoking, alcohol consumption, and stress are among the most common factors. Camouflage techniques are still used as the primary treatment of canities. Further treatments for canities are being developed to achieve the true reversal of hair pigmentation.
Assessment of optimal insulin administration timing for standard carbohydrates‐rich meals using continuous glucose monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes: A cross‐over randomized study
Authors: Tucholski Krzysztof , Sokołowska Magdalena , Tucholska Dagmara , Kamińska Halla , Jarosz‐Chobot Przemysława 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe present study was an assessment of postprandial glucose concentration after carbohydrates‐rich meals using continuous glucose monitoring in 30 children with type 1 diabetes treated using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with a rapid‐acting insulin analog.Materials and MethodsOver a period of 3 days, participants administered simple boluses with different delay times between insulin administration and the beginning of carbohydrates‐rich meal consumption (meal no. 1 containing 197 kcal, no. 2 containing 247 kcal and meal no. 3 containing 323 kcal; containing practically no protein and fat). In the present cross‐over randomized study, we analyzed the average glucose concentration profiles in 5‐min intervals, mean glucose at insulin administration, mean glucose after 120 and 180 min, mean and peak glucose, glucose peak time, areas under the glucose and glucose increase curves, and time period lengths with glucose <50, 70 mg/dL, and >140 and 200 mg/dL.ResultsFor test meals at 20‐min versus 0‐min delay time, the study exposed a longer median time period to reach peak glucose (95 vs 65 min, P = 0.01) after meals. A tendency to the lowest peak and mean glucose, and the longest time with glucose within a normal range was observed in patients who administered bolus insulin 20 min before a meal.ConclusionsFor carbohydrates‐rich meals, administration of a proper dose of a rapid‐acting insulin analog is crucial. The influence of rapid‐acting insulin analog administration timing seems to be of minor importance in comparison with correct insulin dose adjustment; however, a tendency to achieve more balanced glucose profiles was found in a group who administered insulin 20 min before a meal.
Molecularly confirmed Kabuki (Niikawa‐Kuroki) syndrome patients demonstrate a specific cognitive profile with extensive visuospatial abnormalities
Authors: Harris J. , Mahone E. M. , Bjornsson H. T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundKabuki (Niikawa‐Kuroki) syndrome (KS) is caused by disease‐causing variants in either of two components (KMT2D and KDM6A) of the histone methylation machinery. Nearly all individuals with KS have cognitive difficulties, and most have intellectual disability. Recent studies on a mouse model of KS suggest disruption of normal adult neurogenesis in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. These mutant mice also demonstrate hippocampal memory defects compared with littermates, but this phenotype is rescued postnatally with agents that target the epigenetic machinery. If these findings are relevant to humans with KS, we would expect significant and disproportionate disruption of visuospatial functioning in these individuals.MethodsTo test this hypothesis, we have compiled a battery to robustly explore visuospatial function. We prospectively recruited 22 patients with molecularly confirmed KS and 22 IQ‐matched patients with intellectual disability.ResultsWe observed significant deficiencies in visual motor, visual perception and visual motor memory in the KS group compared with the IQ‐matched group on several measures. In contrast, language function appeared to be marginally better in the KS group compared with the IQ‐matched group in a sentence comprehension task.ConclusionsTogether, our data suggest specific disruption of visuospatial function, likely linked to the dentate gyrus, in individuals with KS and provide the groundwork for a novel and specific outcome measure for a clinical trial in a KS population.