bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN EKONOMI MATERI PASAR MODAL UNTUK SISWA KELAS XI IPS MAN 1 JEMBER TAHUN AJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Wulansari Evi Wahyu , Kantun Sri , Suharso Pudjo 
Published: August 2018

Modul merupakan salah satu hal yang mendukung keberhasilan kegiatan pembelajaran. Modul yang selama ini digunakan di MAN 1 Jember merupakan modul berupa buku teks atau buku paket yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit dan disajikan dalam bentuk cetak. Buku paket tersebut diterbitkan secara umum tanpa memperhatikan karakteristik penggunanya. Untuk melengkapi modul yang digunakan oleh guru maka diperlukan E-modul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-modul pembelajaran ekonomi materi pasar modal untuk siswa kelas XI IPS MAN 1 Jember. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu model Four D oleh Thiagarajan et al. Model pengembangan tersebut terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develope) dan penyebaran (disseminate). Subyek uji coba dalam penelitian ini meliputi subyek uji coa kelompok terbatas yaitu 10 siswa kelas XI IPS 3 dan subyek uji coba kelompok luas yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS 2 MAN 1 Jember. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi lembar validasi E-modul, lembar hasil wawancara, angket respon siswa dan tes hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-modul yang dikembangkan lebih menarik, lebih efisien dan lebih efektif. Kemenarikan E-modul dilihat dari hasil angket respon siswa, tingkat efisiensi E-modul diketahui dari hasil wawancara dengan guru dan siswa sedangkan efektifitas E-modul dilihat dari kenaikan hasil belajar siswa yang diketahui dari nilai pretest dan postest. Kesimpulan dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah E-modul yang dikembangkan lebih menarik, lebih efisien dan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan modul yang digunakan sebelumnya.
TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (Studi Kasus Pada Home Industry Tas Pita Plastik Bapak Almunir di Desa Setail Kecamatan Genteng Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2017)
Authors: Zahro Hana Maskhufatuz , Suyadi Bambang , Djaja Sutrisno 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengalaman kerjadan curahan jam kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi Kasus Pada Home Industry Tas Pita Plastik Bapak Almunir Di Desa Setail Kecamatan Genteng Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2017). Metode Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan Purposive area di home industry tas pita plastik bapak Almunir desa Setail. Penentuan responden dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode populasi yaitu sebanyak 43 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari metode: angket, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis inferensial yaitu dengan menggunakan analisis garis regresi linear berganda, uji F, uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis regresi liniear berganda menghasilkan persamaan Ŷ= -1,612+0,3001+0,5122+ei dengan nilai Rsquare sebesar 0,877. Hasil uji F antara Fhitung dengan Ftabel yaitu nilai Fhitung 143,149 > Ftabel 3,232 pada taraf signifikansi F = 0,000 < a = 0,05, maka Ho ditolak. Hasil uji t thitung dengan ttabel yaitu thitung sebesar 9,623 untuk pengalaman kerja dan 5,723 untuk curahan jam kerja dengan nilai dengan ttabel sebesar 2,021 pada taraf signifikansi F = 0,000 < a = 0,05, dengan kriteria pengujian yaitu thitung>ttabel, maka Ho ditolak. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengalaman kerja dan curahan jam kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar 87,7% sedangkan sisanya yaitu 12,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel bebas lainnya yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini yaitu tingkat pendidikan, usia, lingkungan kerja, dan motivasi kerja.
Evaluation of Products to Alleviate Irrigation Salinity Stress on Bermudagrass Turf
Authors: Schiavon Marco , Baird James H. 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
Availability of water in arid zone may prevent the use of leaching; therefore, alternative methods need to be identified to manage salinity.
Identify which commercially available products that are supposed to ameliorate soil chemical and physical characteristic have a real impact on soil chemistry.
Test if soil salinity is affected not only by irrigation practices, but also other environmental factors, such as evapotranspiration.
Increasing salinity issues caused by insufficient precipitation, drought, and increasing use of alternative nonpotable sources of irrigation water are a major concern for turf management in the southwestern United States. Modification of soil physicochemical properties that result from salinity is one means of alleviating plant salinity stress. A field study was conducted in 2013 and 2014 at the University of California, Riverside turfgrass research facility in Riverside, CA. Six commercial programs were tested for their ability to alleviate salinity stress on ‘Tifway II’ hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] irrigated with saline water (electrical conductivity = EC ≈ 4.4 dS m−1). These included: CrossOver (calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, and monosilicic acid); Revert (polyalkylene glycol); SUNBurst Cal Plus 8% (calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate) applied at 0.23 or 0.47 mL m−2; a combination of DeSal (carboxylic acid), Stress Rx (potassium nitrate, potassium acetate, and calcium nitrate) and XP Micro (urea, magnesium nitrate, manganese nitrate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron EDTA, kelp extract); and Turfcare Natural Plant Nutrient (Meliaceae spp. extracts). Plots were evaluated every 2 wk for visual turf quality, and Digital Image Analysis. Leachate was also collected and analyzed for EC on the same day. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for salinity at the end of each growing season. DeSal + Stress RX + XP Micro was the only treatment that resulted in acceptable visual quality (6.4) and decreased sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and Na content in the rootzone by the end of the study.
Effect of Soybean Maturity, Crimson Clover Seeding Method, and Seeding Rate on Clover Biomass and Nitrogen Content
Authors: Vann R.A. , Reberg‐Horton S.C. , Crozier C.R. , Place G.T. 
Published: August 2018

Core IdeasCrimson clover seeding following the last cultivation of soybeans in July into MG3 to MG5 soybeans did not result in any substantial crimson clover growth in both years.After harvest seeding into MG3 and MG4 soybean and aerial seeding into MG4 and MG5, soybean produced substantial clover N content ranging from 76 to 107 kg ha−1.After harvest seeding behind MG5 soybeans reduced clover N content because late cover crop establishment restricted biomass production.Seeding rate had no effect on clover biomass, clover N content, or corn yield for both drilled and aerially‐seeded crimson clover.Timely crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatumL.) establishment is a management challenge for producers in the southeastern United States. Aerial seeding methods and the use of early maturing soybeans may allow for earlier crimson clover establishment and potentially increase nitrogen contributions to the following crop. A soybean (Glycine maxL.)–crimson clover–corn (Zea maysL.) rotation experiment was conducted in Goldsboro, NC from 2006 to 2008. Three crimson clover seeding methods were evaluated: aerial seeding after last soybean cultivation, aerial application before soybean leaf drop, and after‐harvest drill seeding. Each seeding method was evaluated in three soybean maturity groups (MG; 3, 4, 5) and contained three crimson clover seeding rates (22, 39, 56 kg ha−1). Clover biomass accumulation, clover N content, and corn yield were determined. Crimson clover seeding following the last cultivation of soybeans into MG3, MG4, and MG5 did not result in any substantial crimson clover growth. After harvest seeding into MG3 and MG4 soybean residue and aerial seeding prior to soybean leaf drop into MG4 and MG5 soybean produced substantial clover N content ranging from 76 to 107 kg ha−1. After‐harvest seeding behind MG5 soybeans reduced clover N content likely because late cover crop establishment restricted biomass production. Seeding rate had no effect on clover biomass, clover N content, or corn yield. An independent crimson clover aerial seeding rate experiment conducted from 2006 to 2008 in Goldsboro, NC also confirmed no effect of crimson clover seeding rate on clover biomass or N content.
Management Options to Reduce Phosphorus Leaching from Vegetated Buffer Strips
Authors: Hille Sandra , Graeber Daniel , Kronvang Brian , Rubæk Gitte H. , Onnen Nils , Molina‐Navarro Eugenio , Baattrup‐Pedersen Annette , Heckrath Goswin J. , Stutter Marc I. 
Published: August 2018

Vegetated buffer strips (VBS) between agricultural areas and surface waters are important retention areas for eroded particulate P through which they may obtain critically high degrees of P saturation imposing high risk of soluble P leaching. We tested topsoil removal and three harvesting frequencies (once, twice, or four times per year) of natural buffer vegetation to reduce P leaching with the aim to offset erosional P accumulation and high degrees of P saturation. We used a simple numerical time‐step model to estimate changes in VBS soil P levels with and without harvest. Harvesting offset erosional deposition as it resulted in an annual ammonium oxalate‐extractable P reduction of 0.3 to 2.8% (25‐cm topsoil content) in soils of the VBS and thus, with time, reduced potential P leaching below a baseline of 50 μg L−1. Topsoil removal only marginally reduced potential leaching at two sites and not anywhere near this baseline. The harvest frequency only marginally affected the annual P removal, making single annual harvests the most economical. We estimate 50 to 300 yr to reach the P leaching baseline, due to substantial amounts of P accumulated in the soils. Even in high‐erosion‐risk situations in our study, harvesting reduced soil P content and the P leaching risk. We suggest harvesting as a practical and efficient management to combat P leaching from agricultural VBS, not just for short‐term reductions of dissolved P, but also for reductions of the total soil P pool and for possible multiple benefits for VBS.Core Ideas
Annual harvesting offsets erosional P inputs into vegetated buffer strips (VBS).
Decades of annual harvesting can effectively reduce P leaching from VBS.
Annual harvest frequency only marginally affects P removal.
Topsoil removal cannot reduce P leaching from VBS.
Without management, P accumulates in VBS to the point of harmful leaching.
Meta‐Analysis of Gypsum Effects on Crop Yields and Chemistry of Soils, Plant Tissues, and Vadose Water at Various Research Sites in the USA
Authors: Kost David , Ladwig Ken J. , Chen Liming , DeSutter Tom M. , Espinoza Leo , Norton L. Darrell , Smeal Dan , Torbert H. Allen , Watts Dexter B. , Wolkowski Richard P. , Dick Warren A. 
Published: August 2018

Gypsum has a long history as a soil amendment. Information on how flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum affects soil, water, and plant properties across a range of climates and soils is lacking. We conducted a meta‐analysis using data from 10 field sites in the United States (Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, and Wisconsin). Each site used three rates each of mined and FGD gypsums plus an untreated control treatment. Gypsum rates included a presumed optimal agronomic rate plus one rate lower and one rate higher than the optimal. Gypsum was applied once at the beginning of each study, and then data were collected for 2 to 3 yr. The meta‐analyses used response ratios (R) calculated by dividing the treatment value by the control value for crop yield or for each measured element in plant, soil, and vadose water. These R values were tested for their significance with z values. Most R values varied only slightly from 1.00. Gypsum significantly changed more R values from 1.00 for vadose water than for soil or crop tissue in terms of numbers of elements affected (11 for water, 7 for soil, and 8 for crop tissue). The highest R value for soil was 1.57 (Ca) which was similar for both mined and FGD gypsum, for crop tissue was 1.46 (Sr) for mined gypsum, and for vadose water was 4.22 (S) for FGD gypsum. The large increase in Ca and S is often a desired response to gypsum application. Lowest R values occurred in crop tissue for Mg (0.89) with FGD gypsum and for Ni (0.92 or 0.93) with both gypsums. Although some sites showed crop yield responses to gypsum, the overall mean R values for mined gypsum (0.987) and for FGD gypsum (1.00) were not significantly different from 1.00 in this short‐term study.Core Ideas
Meta‐analysis was used to evaluate gypsum treatments at 10 sites within the United States.
Response ratios were calculated for crop yields and chemistries of soil, plants, and water.
Crop yields showed both positive and negative results to gypsum treatments.
Most R values for elements varied only slightly from 1.0, meaning no treatment effect.
Concentrations of elements in samples were below levels of environmental concern.
Corn Stover Harvest, Tillage, and Cover Crop Effects on Soil Health Indicators
Authors: Obrycki John F. , Karlen Douglas L. , Cambardella Cynthia A. , Kovar John L. , Birrell Stuart J. 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
In no‐till continuous corn, cover crops increased potentially mineralizable N.
Particulate organic matter C responded to tillage and residue removal at 0 to 5 cm.
Stover removal for 5 yr negatively affected 2 of 12 measured soil properties.
Monitoring soil health indicators (SHI) will help ensure that corn (Zea mays L.) stover harvest is sustainable. This study examines SHI changes after 5 yr of growing continuous corn with either chisel plow or no‐tillage practices and harvesting 0, ∼35, or ∼60% of the stover. Two no‐tillage treatments with a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop and stover harvest rates of ∼35 or ∼60% were evaluated. All eight treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design at an 11‐ha site in Boone County, IA. Soil samples were collected following grain and stover harvest from 0‐ to 5‐ and 5‐ to 15‐cm depth increments. Particulate organic matter C (POM‐C) decreased when stover was removed or the soil was chisel plowed. No‐till with 0% stover removal had 10 mg g–1 POM‐C in the 0‐ to 5‐cm soil layer, which was 1.9‐fold higher than in other treatments. Potentially mineralizable N (PMN) was greater under cover crop treatments. Average PMN values were 56.9 and 45.5 µg g–1 PMN for no‐till with cereal rye at 0‐ to 5‐ and 5‐ to 15‐cm depths, respectively, compared with 17.5 and ‐3.7 µg g–1 PMN for the same no‐till treatments without cereal rye. Other soil properties did not respond to increasing levels of stover removal. At this location and at the studied removal rates, 5 yr of harvesting corn stover did not decrease soil health, but POM‐C data suggest that changes may be occurring. Long‐term monitoring should continue to assess corn stover harvest sustainability.
Quantifying and Comparing Soil Carbon Stocks: Underestimation with the Core Sampling Method
Authors: Gross Cole D. , Harrison Robert B. 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
Clod and core bulk density measurements were significantly different at all depths.
The core sampling method underestimated the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock.
Calculating SOC stocks on a mass basis did not overcome sampling method bias.
Using clod and core methods interchangeably adds uncertainty to SOC databases.
Regional and global SOC stocks may be largely underestimated.
Changing climate, land use, and management can impact both surface and deep soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks on decadal timescales, highlighting the importance of accurate measurements of SOC stocks and comparisons. This study compared three soil sampling methods for estimating SOC stocks: clod, core, and excavation. The excavation method was used as the standard by which the other methods were compared. Sampling took place at an intensively managed Douglas‐fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] plantation in northwestern Oregon, USA. Soil samples were collected by depth to 150 cm. Clod and core method soil bulk density measurements were significantly different at all depths, with the core method consistently resulting in lower soil bulk density. The core method significantly underestimated soil bulk density at all depths deeper than 20 cm and underestimated the SOC stock to a depth of 150 cm by 36%. Most of this difference occurred deeper than 20 cm, where the majority of SOC stocks were contained across all soil sampling methods. The underestimation of soil mass by the core method similarly affected the fixed depth, genetic horizon, and mass based approaches to quantify SOC stocks. This study demonstrated that (1) commonly used soil sampling methods for measuring soil properties should not be assumed to be interchangeable; and (2) regional and global SOC stocks may be largely underestimated due to shallow sampling and the frequent use of core methods.
Acetate Additions Stimulate CO2 and CH4 Production from Urban Wetland Soils
Authors: Brigham Brian A. , Montero Angel D. , O'Mullan Gregory D. , Bird Jeffrey A. 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
Carbon additions to three varied wetland soils enhanced both carbon dioxide and methane production.
Methane production was negatively correlated to salinity with and without carbon additions.
Microbial community representation was associated with salinity not treatment.
Wetlands in close proximity to urban centers receive significant inputs of dissolved organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from runoff, sewage overflow, and treated wastewater. Additions of C and N may impact greenhouse gas (GHG) production rates from temperate wetland ecosystems, which are considered a large sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). We hypothesized that microbial activity in these anaerobic ecosystems was limited by the availability of labile C which provides electron donors to support microbial metabolism. To test this hypothesis, CO2 and methane (CH4) production rates were quantified with a series of soil incubations from three wetland sites located across a salinity gradient in the Hudson River Estuary (HRE). Acetate additions to soils enhanced CO2 (2×) and CH4 (>125×) production rates from soil slurries among all wetland soils vs. no amendment controls. Enhanced CH4 production was also inversely correlated (r2 = 0.81) to the salinity of sampled soils. In contrast, neither nitrate (NO3–) nor ammonium (NH4+) additions had a significant effect on CO2 or CH4 production rates when added alone or with acetate. Greater CO2 and CH4 production from soils with added acetate were associated with lower redox potential, increased pH, and increased hydrogen sulfide concentrations. The wetland sites had dissimilar methanogenic and sulfate reducing communities, which likely contributed to differences in CO2 and CH4 production among wetland sites. These data suggest that C loadings in wetland soils enhance both CO2 and CH4 efflux and potentially limit the capacity of wetlands impacted by anthropogenic pollution to act as C sinks.
Crop Yield Response to Fertilizer Relative to Soil Properties in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Maman Garba , Idriss Serme , Wortmann Charles 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
Soil test results were poorly related to crop‐nutrient responses in tropical Africa.
Soil test information did account for variation in yield with no fertilizer applied.
Soil property combinations need to be considered in fertilizer use decisions.
Crop‐nutrient response functions are essential to the optimization of fertilizer use.
Crop productivity in sub‐Saharan Africa commonly encounters numerous unmitigated constraints that affect crop response to fertilizer use and relationships of soil test properties with nutrient responses. A dataset from 1265 blocks of 267 replicated trials conducted across 11 countries was analyzed to determine relationships of soil test properties with crop yield responses to applied nutrients. The dataset included cassava (Manihot esculenta L. Crantz) and five upland cereal and five grain legume crops with responses to N, P, K and a diagnostic treatment of Mg–S–Zn–B. Nitrogen was excluded for the pulses. Soil organic C (OC) was <10 g kg–1 for 55% of the blocks. Mehlich‐3 P was <12 mg kg–1 for 42% of the blocks. Soil clay and OC contents accounted for 2 to 99% of the variation in soil properties. Yield with no fertilizer applied (Yield0) was most frequently related to OC and silt content. Combinations of soil test properties accounted for 0 to 65% of the variation in Yield0, for 0 to 45% of the variation in response to N, less for other nutrients, and least for P. Soil tests for availability of a particular nutrient were not related to response to that nutrient. Yield0 was positively related to yield responses to applied N. Fertilizer use decisions in sub‐Saharan Africa need to be primarily based on robust crop‐nutrient response functions relevant for a recommendation domain and avoidance of fertilizer use for non‐responsive situations. Soil test results are not likely to be very useful for fine‐tuning fertilizer use for fertilizer responsive situations.
The Uniqueness formation of Papuan Malay in Morphologically
Authors: Jayaputri Herlandri Eka , Pranowo Dwiyanto Djoko 
Published: August 2018

<p><em>Indonesia has many Malay speakers and it spreads to Papua with the influence of Ambon and Indonesian becomes one of the variations in the Papuan Malay dialect. Papuan itself is the home of 275 languages that are 218 non-Austronesian or Papuan (79%) and 57 languages are Austronesian (21%) (Lewis et al. 2013 cited in Kludge, 2014). Moreover, the influence of </em><em>Ambon and the North Moluccan Malay, and Indonesia played an important role especially in the formation of Papuan Malay (Paauw, 2008). </em><em>Papuan Malay language is spoken by the inhabitants of the West Papua and uses as the daily language (Kludge, 2014). The formation of </em><em>Papuan Malay has the uniqueness because it uses deletion some syllables but does not have the impact of the meaning. </em><em>This study aims to know and explain the process of clipping word of Papuan Malay as well as their word classes. The Data come from the video of MOB Papua. Besides that, the method used in this study is a Padan method with comparing other langue. Therefore, this study appears the history and role of Papuan Malay and compare the Indonesian with Papua Malay to find the clipping word process in Papuan Malay.</em></p>