bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trial by fire: The qualitative essence of interns’ baptism into medical responsibility
Authors: Yogesh M , Ekka Anurag , Gandhi Rohankumar , Damor Naresh 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
The transition from medical student to intern represents a challenging period of professional and personal development. This study aimed to explore junior doctors’ experiences navigating this critical passage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on a junior intern doctor working in a tertiary care hospital, in Gujarat. About 40 junior doctors participated in semi-structured interviews reflecting on their internship transition. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS:
Perceived deficits in preparedness for clinical work and emotional readiness were a major theme. Interns felt underprepared in skills like clinical reasoning and procedures. The abrupt onset of patient care responsibility provoked anxiety and eroded confidence. Difficulty adapting to workplace culture and hierarchies was another challenge. Long work hours, unfamiliar team dynamics, and new professional relationships were demanding. The intensity of workload and patient care duties provoked overwhelming stress, fatigue, and burnout risk during the junior doctor transition. Peer support and mentoring facilitated adaptation. Enhanced undergraduate training in practical skills and professional competencies was advised to improve preparedness.

CONCLUSION:
Junior doctors face major challenges to their well-being, confidence, and competence as they transition into clinical practice. Support structures to ease this demanding passage of professional development are needed. Medical schools must strengthen curricula to address preparedness gaps. Improved onboarding and supervised orientation may also benefit new interns. Facilitating an optimal student-to-doctor transition has important implications for physician training, satisfaction, and retention.
Health literacy and tobacco cessation among hypertensive individuals: A mixed method study
Authors: Chauhan Darshan , Patel Dhruv , Yogesh M , Trivedi Nidhi 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hypertension and tobacco addiction are two major public health challenges in India that frequently coexist. About 30% of Indian adults have hypertension, while over one-fourth use some form of tobacco. So, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco consumption and identify associated socio-demographic factors among hypertensive patients in urban India and also further explored patient perspectives regarding tobacco use through qualitative interviews.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This mixed-method study was conducted among 305 hypertensive adults recruited from an urban tertiary hospital using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Additionally, 15 tobacco-consuming patients were purposively sampled for in-depth interviews regarding perceptions and behaviors related to tobacco. Descriptive statistics and multi-variable logistic regression models were applied for quantitative analysis and thematic analysis for qualitative data.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of ever tobacco use among hypertensive patients was 21%. Smokeless tobacco was the predominant form used. Male gender, urban locality, illiteracy, and lack of knowledge about tobacco hazards had a higher likelihood of tobacco consumption. Qualitative interviews provided complementary insights into triggers like peer influences and stress, barriers to quitting including withdrawal effects and system gaps, and participant perspectives on facilitating cessation.

CONCLUSION:
Tobacco consumption among hypertensives is higher than national averages. Tailored educational, motivational, and policy-level interventions addressing gaps in knowledge, risk perceptions, addiction behaviors, and cessation support systems can enable the promotion of tobacco abstinence and hypertension control in this vulnerable sub-group. The multi-method data provide actionable inputs for planning targeted control and prevention strategies addressing this dual burden.
An evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, practice, and associated factors regarding oxygen therapy among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Yogesh M , Kadalarasu D , Gandha Kapil , Gandhi Rohankumar 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Despite oxygen therapy guidelines, suboptimal practices prevail among front-line resident doctors, highlighting knowledge and attitudinal barriers. Mixed-methods research can inform tailored quality improvements. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of resident doctors regarding oxygen therapy, determine associated factors quantitatively, and explore experiences, barriers, and enablers qualitatively.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a convergent parallel mixed-methods study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital. An analytical cross-sectional survey of 410 resident doctors assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices using a questionnaire. Qualitative phenomenology entailed in-depth interviews with 30 participants analyzing experiences and perspectives. Integration enabled corroborating and complementing findings. Logistic regression analysis and thematic analysis were used to make themes and subthemes.

RESULTS:
Most demonstrated suboptimal knowledge (78% or 320/410 good), attitudes (61.7% or 253/410 positive), and practices (47.8% or 196/410 good). Significant factors were gender, experience, workload perceptions, and device familiarity. Males had 5.5 times higher odds of good knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.25–10). Those perceiving workload impact had 13 times higher odds of positive attitudes (AOR 13, 95% CI 9.4–20.9). Qualitative themes highlighted inadequate skills and time constraints as barriers and protocolization and decision tools as enablers.

CONCLUSION:
Gaps exist in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding oxygen therapy among resident doctors attributable to varied factors. Tailored quality improvement strategies addressing demonstrated barriers, such as enablement workshops, order set integration, and pulse oximetry audits, are recommended based on mixed-methods insights.
Knowledge and self-care behavior among heart failure patients in South India
Authors: D’Souza Prima Jenevive Jyothi , George Linu Sara , Paramasivam Ganesh , Devasia Tom , George Anice , Nayak Baby S. , Kusumavathi P 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition with significant public health concerns. HF necessitates adequate knowledge and adherence to self-care for enhanced quality of life and decreased rehospitalization. This study aimed to explore knowledge and self-care behavior in patients with HF.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The study was conducted in cardiology wards of a tertiary care hospital and the design was a randomized controlled trial. The baseline data (before the intervention) from 160 HF patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial were analyzed. Knowledge and self-care behavior were measured using the Dutch HF Knowledge Questionnaire (score ranging from 0 to 15) and European HF Self-care Behavior Scale-9 (score ranging from 0 to 100). Higher scores indicated better self-care behavior and knowledge. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as independent sample t-test and ANOVA were performed.

RESULTS:
The majority (75.0%) were men with a mean age of 56.1 ± 7.9 years. A significant proportion had hypertension (65%), diabetes (58.7%), or both comorbidities (40.6%). Most exhibited a left ventricular ejection fraction <30% (60.6%) and New York Heart Association class II (43.1%). The mean knowledge and self-care behavior scores were 7.1 ± 2.0 and 45.0 ± 12.4, respectively. Over half of the participants had inadequate self-care behavior (51.2%), and 88.3% lacked sufficient knowledge about HF. Medication adherence was high (87.0%) among the participants, while only 3.1% reported regular weight monitoring and 32.3% exercised regularly.

CONCLUSIONS:
There was a lack of HF-related knowledge and inadequate self-care behavior for HF management. Effective interventions to improve disease-related knowledge may lead to better self-care behavior and improve clinical outcomes.
Sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in women of reproductive age from Peru
Authors: Echenique Isaac , Chanduvi Willer , Ramos Willy , Saavedra-Velasco Marcos , De La Cruz-Vargas Jhony A. , Gutierrez Ericson L. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
To determine the sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in women of reproductive age from Peru in 2021.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Analytical cross-sectional study. We analyzed a demographic and family health survey (ENDES) 2021 carried out in women of reproductive age (12 to 49 years of age). The dependent variables were the adequate level of knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV, the independents were sociodemographic variables. The statistical analysis was carried out with a Poisson regression model with robust variance obtaining the adjusted prevalence ratio (PRa) and confidence intervals.

RESULTS:
Thirty-four percent (CI 95%: 32,9–35,1) had an adequate level of knowledge about HIV and 32,9% (CI 95%: 31,7–34,0) had adequate attitudes. In the multivariate analysis, the main variables associated with the adequate level of knowledge about HIV were the higher level of education (PRa = 1,19; CI 95%: 1,15–1,23) and very rich wealth quintile (PRa = 1,15; CI 95%: 1,01–1,20); while the main variables associated with adequate attitudes on HIV were higher level of education (PRa = 1,44; CI 95%: 1,40–1,48), high-school education level (PRa = 1,21; CI 95%; 1,18–1,24), very rich wealth quintile (PRa = 1,18; CI 95%: 1,14–1,22), and age range between 35 and 49 years (PRa = 1,18; CI 95%: 1,15–1,21).

CONCLUSIONS:
The sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in Peruvian women of reproductive age were mainly higher level of wealth, higher level of education, and a higher age range. Other sociodemographic variables presented a weak association with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV.
Development, implementation, and evaluation of a spiritual health promotion program for mothers of children with acute leukemia based on mobile health: A mixed-methods protocol study
Authors: Bahrami Masoud , Musarezaie Amir , Farzi Sedigheh , Beigi-Harchegani Hossein , Mosavizadeh Rohallah 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Considering the importance of the spiritual health promotion of Mothers of Children with Acute Leukemia (MoCwAL), designing a native mobile health (mHealth) application that is compatible with the beliefs, values, and cultural context of Iranian society is essential. This study aims to develop a Spiritual Health Promotion Program (SHPP) for MoCwAL based on a mHealth application, including design, implementation, and evaluation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a sequential exploratory mixed-methods study (qual → QUAN). This study will be conducted in four phases. The first phase includes the development of the content of the SHPP using Ewles and Simnett’s (2010) designing pattern. After finalizing the SHPP, at the beginning of the second phase (mHealth application development), a panel of experts will be present. Based on the outputs obtained from this panel, the research team will proceed to design the application. The output of the second phase will be an initial version of the mHealth application. In the third phase, the usability and quality of mHealth application questionnaires will be evaluated. Results will be refined by the expert panel, and the final version of the application will be available. In the fourth phase, the SHPP for MoCwAL based on mHealth will be implemented as a quasi-experimental intervention, and mothers’ spiritual health be evaluated.

CONCLUSION:
This program can be useful in providing care, education, policy-making, and future research. Providing the SHPP in the form of an application will enable program users to benefit from the many advantages of information technology and will contribute to the expansion of the role of mHealth in the healthcare system and the strengthening of policies related to digital health in the field of chronic diseases.
The relationship between spiritual health and resilience of nurses with their compassionate care in intensive care units
Authors: Rakhshan Mahnaz , Derakhshan Somaye , Kalyani Majid Najafi 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nurses experience a demanding work environment, and the state of their spiritual health and resilience can impact their ability to provide compassionate care. The objective of this study was to examine the connection between spiritual health, resilience, and compassionate care among nurses working in intensive care units.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive cross-sectional study employed stratified sampling to select 340 nurses. The research utilized several instruments, including Demographic Information, Nurses’ Compassionate Care, Iranian Muslim Adult Spiritual Health, and Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaires (significance level: 0.05). The data was analyzed by SPSS software version 24 using statistical tests including Chi-square, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

RESULTS:
The results indicated that the majority of participants were female, with an average age of 32.65 years. The mean score for spiritual health was 192.53 ± 23.67, and the resilience score was 71.52 ± 13.43. The average score for compassionate care was 119.82 ± 13.93. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between spiritual health, resilience, and compassionate care in nurses (P < 0.05). Consequently, enhancing spiritual health and resilience scores positively influenced the compassionate care, and vice versa.

CONCLUSION:
To summarize a significant association exists between nurses’ spiritual health, resilience, and their ability to provide compassionate care. It is recommended that educational programs are developed and implemented to enhance and maintain the spiritual health, compassionate care, and resilience of nurses, ultimately improving patient care.
Oral cyclophosphamide monotherapy in advanced resistant ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
Authors: Maleki Arash , Richey Allison , Bashir Hasan , Asgari Soheila , Valerio Tate , Massoudi Yasmin , Dolinko Andrew , Chang Peter Y. , Foster C. Stephen , Anesi Stephen D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The purpose of the study was to study the efficacy of oral cyclophosphamide monotherapy in advanced resistant ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This retrospective case series examines patients diagnosed with advanced resistant OCP at a uveitis tertiary care center who were treated with oral cyclophosphamide therapy.

RESULTS:
Seventeen patients were included in this study. The average age of the participants was 74.3 ± 10.3 years, ranging from 60 to 99 years. The gender distribution was 8 females to 9 males. Oral cyclophosphamide-induced remission in 7 patients (41.1%) and was prematurely discontinued in 10 patients (58.9%), with 7 (63.7%) citing ineffectiveness and 3 (36.3%) experiencing side effects as reasons for discontinuation. The average therapy dose of cyclophosphamide administered was 116.1 ± 47.5 mg. The average duration required for the induction of remission was 150 ± 128 days. The overall therapy duration averaged 306 ± 189 days. Conducting univariate logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEEs) on variables did not reveal statistically significant differences between the two groups (responsive and nonresponsive to oral cyclophosphamide therapy), except for the maximum dose of oral cyclophosphamide therapy (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSION:
The prognosis of advanced OCP in patients is unlikely to be altered by the stepladder approach and step-up strategy. While oral cyclophosphamide can be efficacious for remission induction in resistant and aggressive OCP cases, a step-down strategy employing less potent agents with safer side effect profiles should be contemplated for subsequent treatment.
Building the Nation Through Social Science: The Rossiiskii Project and Its Protagonists
Authors: Fediunin Jules 
Published: November 2024

This article examines the idea of the civic nation, known as rossiiskii project, and its intellectual roots in post-Soviet Russia. After exploring the intertwined careers of its leading theorists and promoters, the article analyzes the ways in which social science expertise has been deliberately placed at the service of a political cause, i.e., Russian nation-building. Finally, the article shows the lack of consensus around this project, as well as the reluctance of the Putin regime to impose it.
L’article interroge le concept de nation civique, appelée nation russienne (rossijskaâ naciâ), et ses ressorts intellectuels dans la Russie postsoviétique. Après une étude des carrières croisées des principaux théoriciens et promoteurs de ce concept, l’article analyse les façons dont l’expertise en sciences sociales a été délibérément mise au service d’une cause politique : la construction nationale. Sont enfin démontrées l’absence de consensus autour de ce projet et l’hésitation du régime de Poutine à l’imposer.
Efectos de los ejercicios isométricos sobre el rendimiento, fuerza, potencia o aptitud en jóvenes y adultos. Una revisión narrativa
Authors: Ríos Riquelme Mario , Marín Guajardo Cecilia , Loro Ferrer Juan Francisco , Cofre Bolados Cristian , Castillo-Paredes Antonio 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: El entrenamiento isométrico tiene relación con la mantención de la contracción y longitud muscular, el cual se ha transferido al ámbito físico y deportivo. Objetivo: Analizar y describir los efectos del entrenamiento isométrico en el ámbito del rendimiento físico y deportivo. Métodos: La revisión narrativa, fue desarrollada en combinación de las metodologías descritas por Kart & Kart, y Castillo-Paredes et al., a través de la estrategia de búsqueda con las siguientes palabras claves y operadores booleanos; ("Young adults") OR ("Adults") AND ("isometric exercise") OR ("Isometric Strength Training") OR ("isometric resistance exercise") AND ("perfomance") OR ("strength") OR ("power") OR ("fitness") en tres bases de datos (PubMed, Scopus y WoS). Se identificaron un total de 14 investigaciones que dieron respuestas a la estrategia de búsqueda. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron mejoras significativas en la tasa de desarrollo de fuerza de los músculos de la pantorrilla en el grupo experimental, destacando la importancia de un entrenamiento personalizado. Además, se observaron diferencias significativas en la fuerza muscular entre jugadores de voleibol y un grupo de control, resaltando la relevancia de evaluar la fuerza muscular para mejorar el rendimiento y prevenir lesiones. Conclusiones: Finalmente, se enfatiza la importancia de diseñar programas de entrenamiento isométrico de manera personalizada, considerando la especificidad del ejercicio y las características individuales de los sujetos. Se destaca la fiabilidad de pruebas como el squat isométrico y las pruebas de resistencia muscular isométrica, subrayando la relevancia del entrenamiento isométrico en la salud y el rendimiento deportivo.
Secure authentication scheme to thwart known authentication attacks using Mobile Device
Authors: Mazin Adnan Abbas  
Published: November 2024

Recently, the use of two-factors authentication (2FA) has increased to mitigate the risk of stealing user credentials. Most of 2FA use a mobile device to complete the authentication process, but many of them require an Internet connection or a subscriber identity module (SIM) chip to activate the synchronization of the One Time Password (OTP), which may not be guaranteed all the time or may not be equipped in the user's phone in the first place. Thus, this paper attempts to overcome this problem by adopting the camera of the mobile device and QR code to verify the OTP instead of relying on the Internet connection or cellular network. The proposed approach involves encrypting keys and secret codes with symmetric and asymmetric keys for added security, and using QR to exchange those codes fast and more easily, including a code suffix to prevent phishing attacks. Security analysis proves that the scheme is immune to many well-known attacks such as MITM, Shoulder surfing Keylogger, Phishing Attacks, etc. This scheme could contribute to adding a secure, practical, and easy-to-use option to diversify of 2FA if it is adopted by service providers such as Google, Meta, and Microsoft.

Keywords: Authentication; Two-Factor Authentication (2FA); Mobile device ; One-Time-Password (OTP); Challenge Response Protocol and Quick Response (QR) Code
Stability of Composition Caputa– Katugampola Fractional Differential Nonlinear Control System with Delay Riemann −Katugampola
Authors: Sami Ahmed , Sameer Qasim Hasan  
Published: November 2024

work used the Composition Caputo-Katugampola Fractional Derivatives technique to tackle nonlinear problems and delay fractional differential equations. The fractional derivative is defined using the Caputo and Riemann-Katugampola Fractional Derivatives Method. Proposed method In comparison to other digital technologies, this one is simple, effective, and uncomplicated. Ensure authenticity and correctness proposed method Some exemplary problems have been solved
Study of the structural and optical properties of pure copper oxide and doped with zinc at fixed weight percentages
Authors: Taher Wessam Mahmood , Ziad Mohamed Abood  , Abdulhussan Abas Khadayier  
Published: November 2024

Through this research, the effect of doping with zinc ions on the structural and optical properties of copper oxide particles doped with zinc at certain weight percentages was study using Radiofrequency plasma deposition technology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to ascertain the materials' characteristics. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy of pure and doped thin films was also perform to calculate the band gap and electrical conductivity It was discovered using the XRD readings that the pure copper particles saturated with zinc had a crystalline size. It changes as Zn concentration rises and is influenced by the CuO lattice's strain and dislocation density. The thin film samples have structures resembling irregular and cubic grains, as demonstrated by the FE-SEM pictures. After doping with Zn, their homogeneity increases and adopts a regular granular nature. The band gap was also calculated for pure CuO particles as well as those doped with certain percentages of Zn. It was note that the addition of Zn worked to reduce Band gap for CuO