bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maurice Daumas, 40 ans après…
Authors: Passaqui Jean-Philippe 
Published: November 2024

Faut-il encore lire et faire lire Maurice Daumas ? Ce dossier, fruit d’une masterclasse réalisée en 2016 dans le cadre du master Histoire des techniques de l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, sous la direction de Jean-Philippe Passaqui et Laure Ciccione, répond positivement à cette question. La démarche proposée ici est celle, indispensable, d’une analyse critique, en positif (ses apports) et en négatif (ses limites). Il est difficile en effet de gommer une personnalité qui, dès les années 1950, appelait les historiens à ne pas négliger l’histoire des instruments grâce auxquels les savants accomplissaient des progrès décisifs dans leur compréhension du monde ; et qui, 20 ans plus tard, récidivait en appelant les historiens de l’économie et de l’industrie cette fois, à se préoccuper de la matérialité du fait industriel, outils, machines et bâtiments, et démontrait, par les enquêtes qu’il initia, l’importance de l’archéologie industrielle pour la compréhension de l’industrialisation.
Challenges in accessing patient-centered care and patient empowerment in selected Ghanaian hospitals
Authors: Kodom Ruby V. , Netangaheni Robert T. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Patient-centred care (PCC) and patient empowerment (PE) are crucial for better healthcare outcomes, in lower-middle-income countries like Ghana, which continues to encounter many challenges.Aim: The study sought to determine the factors affecting the implementation of PCC and PE in Ghana through the voices of patients and healthcare providers.Setting: The study is based in Ghana, West Africa, and includes three healthcare facilities representing primary, secondary and tertiary care.Methods: A qualitative exploratory descriptive research design was employed to investigate the study’s objective by engaging healthcare workers and patients in selected facilities through purposive sampling. While 33 healthcare service providers participated in in-depth interviews, focus group discussions were held with four patient groups. The collected data were analysed thematically to identify key themes and insights.Results: The analysis revealed three overarching themes: organisational-, individual-, and environmental-level factors influencing PCC and PE. Findings presented under 10 sub-themes show that resource constraints and staff shortages hinder PCC, while patient agency and communication impact PE. In addition, the ability to pay and geographical barriers further hinder access to patient-centred services, affecting overall healthcare delivery.Conclusion: The findings from this study emphasise that without system-wide interventions to address these issues – including improving resource allocation, enhancing communication, and reducing geographical and financial barriers – achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by 2030 remains highly aspirational.Contribution: The contribution of the study is inherent in the relevance of contextual findings towards improving health service delivery.
Iatrogenic ureteral injury during laparoscopic versus open colectomy
Authors: Abdulmohaymen Ayman M. 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim
The rate of iatrogenic ureteral injury varies greatly depending on surgical approach and experience of the surgical team.
This study compares laparoscopic and open colectomy regarding incidence of ureteral injury.

Methods
This double-blind prospective study was performed on 120 patients undergoing colectomy. Patients were divided in group A (laparoscopic) and group B (open). Both groups were compared regarding incidence of iatrogenic ureteral injury.

Results
A total of 41 patients were in group A and 79 were in group B. One case of ureteral injury was identified during laparoscopic and another was identified during open procedures. Incidence of iatrogenic ureteral injury in laparoscopic group was 2.4% compared with 1.2% in open colectomy cases.

Conclusion
There is no statistically significant difference between its incidence in laparoscopic colectomy and open colectomy. Therefore, laparoscopic colectomy is a safe alternative to open colectomy with regard to iatrogenic ureteral injury.
Visual and sensory outcomes after refractive surgery for pediatric anisometropia
Authors: Farrag Ahmed A. , Mohamed Mahmoud A.B. , Yousef Hasan S. 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim
Amblyopia is one of the most common causes of loss of vision in children. Unfortunately, in high pediatric anisometropia, spectacle correction is not tolerated by many children. Also, contact-lens wear by children may seem to be extremely challenging, difficult, and unrewarding. So, the aim of this study is to evaluate visual and sensory outcomes after refractive surgery for pediatric anisometropia resistant to conservative treatment.

Patients and methods
A prospective nonrandomized clinical study was carried out on 56 eyes of 56 children with anisometropia resistant to usual treatment. Refractive surgery was conducted and according to its type, the included patients were divided. Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) group included 26 patients, while Photorefracive Keratectomy (PRK) group included 15 children besides 15 patients in implantable collamer lens (ICL) group. Complete ophthalmologic examination was performed before and after surgery for all groups with follow-up visits at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months.

Results
Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA), Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), and refractive parameters improved dramatically in all groups with more significant improvement in LASIK group in comparison with the other groups. However, the preservation of BCVA was better with the ICL at both immediate healing period and through the 18-month follow-up. Sensory tests did not show significant changes in all groups.

Conclusion
Refractive surgery is safe and effective for pediatric anisometropia treatment. LASIK has better visual outcomes and ICL has more preserved outcomes.
Value of aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase Ratio in predicting coronary thrombus burden in ST elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Aboelhassan Mohamed , Abdelmegid Mohamed A.-K.F. , Moeen Sawsan M. , Hassan Salma M. , AbdEl-Hameed Ishraq H. , Shehata Khaled M.A. 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim
The liver is extremely responsive to circulatory hemodynamics as a result of its intricate network of blood arteries. Elevated blood transaminase levels are frequently detected in individuals with myocardial infarction, this study is to determine the predictive value of the aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio and different clinical parameters in assessing the severity of coronary thrombus burden in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary PCI.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective cohort study conducted on 115 patients with acute STEMI (ST segment myocardial infarction) who underwent primary PCI. AST/ALT ratio was calculated for each patient. Evaluation of the extent of thrombus burden using the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) scoring system.

Results
56 patients had AST/ALT ratio greater than 2, while 59 patients had AST/ALT ratio less than 2. STEMI patients with AST/ALT ratio greater than 2 had a significantly higher prevalence of total vessel occlusion (TIMI thrombus grade 5), and there is a significant association between high AST/ALT ratio and TIMI thrombus grade 5 on both univariate and multivariate analysis. However, there is no statistically significant difference between both groups as regarding the coronary artery complexity as assessed by SYNTAX and Genseni scores.

Conclusion
Patients with AST/ALT ratio greater than 2 are strongly associated with high thrombus burden (thrombus burden of 5) on TIMI thrombus grade before primary PCI.
The role of ligamentum teres tenodesis in the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Allah Ahmed O.A.A.A. , Abuomira Ibrahim E.A.E. , Amr Amr A.E. 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim
The treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is still challenging. New advanced techniques have improved our knowledge of the best way to prevent the recurrence of dislocation and minimize complications during early treatment. This study aims to assess the results of ligamentum teres tenodesis in the treatment of DDH.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective case series, single-blinded study, conducted at Orthopedic Surgery Department, Al-Azhar University Hospital, Assiut on 20 children with DDH through the anterior or anterolateral Smith-Petersen approach with creating tunnel from acetabular cavity to intrapelvic cavity then tightening of the passed sutured ligamentum teres with interosseous sutures in the iliac bone.

Result
The mean age was 21.63±7.1 months with 55% aged 10–20 months. Eighty-five percent of cases were female. Seventy percent were from urban areas, and 65% of surgery was performed on the right side. We found highly significant statistical differences between the studied cases (preoperative and postoperative after ligamentum teres tenodesis) as regards modified Harris Hip Score, which obtained the improvement of studied cases clinically with stable hip joint, acetabular index (AI) and Tonnis grade both obtain the radiological reduction and stabilization of the hip joint. All the studied cases had no avascular necrosis postoperatively.

Conclusion
Open reduction using ligamentum teres tenodesis is an effective treatment for DDH. The tenodesis of ligamentum teres maintains reduction stabilization and can also shorten the hip spica postoperative period from 3 months to 1 month.
Investigating paranasal sinuses developmental disorders and septum deviation angle effects on olfactory fossa depth using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Haerian Hoda , Ghaffari Roshanak , Azari Shabnam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The ethmoid roof separates the ethmoid cells from the anterior cranial fossa. From the medial side, the roof of the ethmoid is connected to the lateral lamella of the ethmoid plate, which is the thinnest bone at the base of the skull and is most vulnerable to damage during endoscopic surgeries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the height of the lateral lamella in patients with hypoplasia/aplasia of the paranasal sinuses and deviation of the nasal septum using reconstructed multiplanar images by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
In this descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional) study, 192 CBCT images (89 males and 103 females) with an age range of 18 years and older were examined. These 192 participants included 58 cases of frontal sinus (FS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 42 cases of maxillary sinus (MS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 12 cases of sphenoid sinus (SS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 40 cases of nasal septum deviation, and 40 cases as a control group. As Keros classification indicates, the depth of the olfactory fossa was estimated in three categories: type 1 (1–3 mm), type 2 (4–7 mm), and type 3 (8–16 mm). The height of the lateral lamella was measured in the coronal section in all images. The septum deviation angle was also measured in the coronal section. For statistical analysis, Shapiro–Wilk, independent t, nonparametric Mann–Whitney, Pearson correlation, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were done using the SPSS 22 software.

Results:
The most common type of olfactory fossa in all disorders and the control group was type II of the Keros classification. The highest average lateral lamella height was in the SS hypoplasia group (6.226 mm) and the lowest in the FS aplasia group (4.411 mm). The lateral lamella height in FS aplasia/hypoplasia groups was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.044). The average deviation angle of the nasal septum was 19.73° ±5.35° and no significant relationship was found between this angle and the height of lateral lamella (P = 0.938). The height of the lateral lamella in the FS hypoplasia group was significantly higher in men than in women (P = 0.019), but in other groups, there was no relationship between lateral lamella height and gender. Seventy-five percent of the participants of the nasal septum deviation group were type II of Keros classification and the remaining 25% were type I.

Conclusion:
The lateral lamella height in hypoplastic/aplastic FSs is lower than normal, and this information is useful in preventing complications during endoscopic sinus surgery.
Current Practice for Management of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children – A Review
Authors: Swain Santosh K. , Dubey Debasmita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
A common childhood disease known as otitis media with effusion (OME) is described as the presence of fluids in the middle ear without any features of an acute ear infection. OME in the pediatric age group often leads to manifestations of hearing loss and speech delay.

Methods:
The search for recent research articles on managment of otitis media with effusion was done with databases scopus, pubMed, medline, and google scholar. This review article discusses the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and current management of OME in children.

Results:
Nasal balloon auto-inflation appears to be a promising technique with some benefits in selected cases of OME. Insertion of grommets or ventilation tubes in pediatric patients with OME and hearing impairment is helpful in case of failed watchful waiting. Grommet insertion is usually effective in restoring hearing thresholds. Adenoidectomy can be performed in addition to grommet insertion in children of OME with adenoid hypertrophy. A combination of ventilation tubes and adenoidectomy is broadly helpful to normalize the hearing and increasing nasal patency. Early treatment of OME is helpful to improve the quality of life and social and educational performance. Neither medical treatment nor complementary or alternative treatment has been proven for giving effective treatment of OME. In children of OME with hearing impairment benefit through the effective restoration of hearing by insertion of ventilation tubes (grommets). Adenoidectomy is helpful in the case of persistent OME.

Conclusion:
The combination of ventilation tubes and adenoidectomy in children with OME is beneficial in terms of hearing, respiratory, and development of the children.
Infographics to Identify and Review Medically Important Microbes and Microbial Diseases: A Tool to Ignite Minds of Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Sannathimmappa Mohan B. , Nambiar Vinod , Aravindakshan Rajeev 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Infographics or image-based teaching-learning methods are innovative student-centered teaching–learning approaches. The objective of our study was to explore medical students’ perception regarding the effectiveness of image-based learning strategy in promoting their lifelong learning skills and evaluate its influence on improving students’ exam grades.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective single-cohort study on undergraduate medical students enrolled in the academic year 2021–2022. The efficacy of the image-based teaching–learning method was evaluated through the assessment of pretest, posttest, and exam scores. Students’ feedback was obtained using a pre-established questionnaire utilizing a 3-point Likert scale. The questionnaire’s reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient test. The results of In-Course Exam-4 were compared to those of In-Course Exams 1, 2, and 3. Correlation coefficients were calculated, as appropriate, to determine the influence of the activity on grades. The data were gathered, inputted into Microsoft Excel, and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.

Results:
The study comprised 127 students. The post-test scores of students exhibited a considerable increase (26.82 ± 3.14) in comparison to the pre-test scores (8.42 ± 5.62). Students’ perception of the efficacy of image-based learning in enhancing their lifelong learning skills was highly favorable (Cronbach’s alpha for all questions was 0.756). A majority of students (>80%) expressed that image-based learning was engaging, promoted peer conversation, and facilitated their ability to recognize, investigate, and modify crucial information and enhance their knowledge. Approximately 70% of respondents indicated that image-based learning improved their abilities in critical thinking and problem-solving. Nine out of 10 students endorsed an image-based learning method for future topics.

Conclusions:
In summary, the utilization of the image-based learning method proved to be successful in attaining the learning outcomes of undergraduate medical students in microbiology. The study’s findings supported the adoption of an image-based learning strategy in microbiology courses. Nevertheless, it is necessary to conduct multicentric studies to validate our study findings.
Does Whole-Body Vibration Training Along With Short Foot Exercises Influence Electrophysiological and Functional Activities in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome? A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Desai Roopa Rajendra , Gaitonde Avanti , Rathi Manisha , Palekar Tushar J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Whole body vibration (WBV) is an emerging technique that confirms its effectiveness in treating various conditions like stroke, post ACL reconstruction, and cerebral palsy. However, scientific findings regarding the efficacy of WBV training on inhibition of vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) that occurs in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is lacking. The literature confirms the effectiveness of short foot exercises (SFEs) in reducing knee pain and its influence on valgus stress of the knee joint. This study investigated whether SFE on WBV can have an impact on recruitment and functioning of VMO.

Objective:
To study the effectiveness of SFE performed with and without WBV on VMO recruitment and functional activities in PFPS.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two subjects aged 20–40 years with PFPS were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 (n = 26) received SFE on WBV, whereas group 2 (n = 26) received SFE on a stationary platform. Both groups received treatment for 3 days a week for 4 weeks. Surface electromyography (sEMG) and the Kujala patellofemoral score (KPS) were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Within group analysis was carried out using Wilcoxin matched pair test and Mann Whitney U test was used for intergroup analysis.

Results:
Wilcoxon signed ranks test revealed no significant differences in sEMG in both groups, whereas KPS showed significant improvements after 4 weeks of intervention (P < .001). Mann–Whitney U test revealed a statistically significant difference in KPS between both groups, with a P value of 0.042.

Conclusion:
SFE with WBV as well as SFE alone improves functional activities in PFPS.
Practice of Breaking Bad News among Registered Medical Practitioners of Tertiary Hospitals in Manipur: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Homendro Irengbam , Nandeibam Ranchandra , Devi Pangambam Amrita , Huyam Yaipharembi , Singh Khangembam Sonarjit , Akoijam Brogen Singh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Treatment adherence, better health outcomes, and patients’ satisfaction depend on the way the treating physician breaks bad news. There is limited training during medical school as well as limited data on the practice of breaking bad news among registered medical practitioners in Manipur.

Aims:
1. To assess the practice of breaking bad news among registered medical practitioners. 2. To assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics and the practice of breaking bad news of the registered medical practitioners of tertiary hospitals in Manipur.

Setting and Design:
A cross-sectional study among 439 registered medical practitioners (RMPs) of the four tertiary hospitals of Manipur was conducted from January 16th to February 10th, 2023.

Materials and Methods:
Data collection was done by using a structured questionnaire which had a section on the practice of breaking bad news (BBN) toward the patients by using SPIKES protocol and was measured by using a five-point Likert scale.

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS V 26. Descriptive statistics, like median, frequency, and percentage, were used to summarize data. The Chi-square test was used and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The majority of the participants (60%) were males. Forty-seven percent of the participants were fully practicing all the components of the BBN protocol. There was a significant association between older registered medical practitioners (P = 0.002), more years of service (P = 0.001), and higher educational qualification (P = 0.027) with the full practice of BBN protocol.

Conclusion:
Almost half of the participants were partially practicing all steps of the BBN protocol.
Diabetes-related distress in a multiethnic primary care population with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Singapore: magnitude and associated risk factors
Authors: Lamoureux Oriana , Aravindhan Amudha , Chan Aurora Wing Dan , Man Ryan Eyn Kidd , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Tang Wern Ee , Wong Wei Teen , Soo Wern Fern , Lim Shin Wei , Wee Sabrina Yi-Mei , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Fenwick Eva K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
We determined the magnitude and associated risk factors of diabetes-related distress (DRD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending primary care clinics.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional clinic-based study, Singaporean patients with T2DM attending DM complications screening at six polyclinics were recruited. Relevant data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires. ‘Possible’ DRD was indicated by a score of ≥8 on the five-item Problem Areas in Diabetes questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the sociodemographic, medical, clinical and patient-reported factors associated with possible DRD.

Results:
Among the 970 participants (median [interquartile range] age 61.0 [55–67] years; 47.1% female, 64.1% Chinese), 171 (17.6%) and 799 (82.3%) had possible DRD and no DRD, respectively. Every 1-year increase in age was associated with a 4% reduction in the odds of having possible DRD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94–0.98; P <0.001). Malays had nearly three times the odds of possible DRD compared to Chinese patients. Those with arthritis and any DM complication had two-fold odds of possible DRD. Furthermore, ‘fair/poor’ self-rated health status and ‘poor’ self-rated DM control were independently associated with possible DRD (P <0.05). Conversely, participants who currently consumed alcohol (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.28–0.89; P = 0.019) and those with better health literacy (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.75–0.88; P <0.001) had lower odds of possible DRD.

Conclusion:
Nearly one in five patients with T2DM had possible DRD in our primary care population. Interventions focusing on improving modifiable factors, together with integration of psychological care, may reduce the levels of DRD in this population.