bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple Diffusion Methods for Determination of Nonexchangeable Ammonium in Soils
Authors: Nunes V. L. N. , Mulvaney R. L. , Griesheim K. L. 
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas
Existing HF methods are labor‐intensive and do not recover recently fixed NH4+‐N.
Diffusion techniques were developed that are simpler and more quantitative.
These techniques permit 15N analyses of fixed NH4+‐N in tracer studies.
The determination of fixed ammonium (NH4+) normally involves hydrofluoric acid (HF) digestion to decompose clay minerals following a rigorous pretreatment to control interference by organic nitrogen (N); however, the methods are tedious and time‐consuming, and recoveries can be incomplete if the soil under analysis was recently fertilized with ammoniacal N. Diffusion methods were developed to simplify and improve this determination, which utilize a potassium chloride (KCl) pretreatment to clearly differentiate exchangeable from nonexchangeable NH4+. In these methods, the HF digest is treated with magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) to neutralize residual acidity and precipitate magnesium fluoride (MgF2), and fixed NH4+‐N is then liberated with magnesium oxide (MgO) as diffusion is performed on an orbital shaker for 3 h at 45 to 50°C (Method A) or for 3 d at 20 to 25°C (Method B). When averaged across 16 diverse soils, both diffusion methods were in close agreement with the Silva‐Bremner technique using a potassium hypobromite (KOBr) pretreatment, although significant discrepancies were more common for Method A than B, indicating greater potential for organic interferences. In a study to compare recoveries of recently fixed 15NH4+‐N, Method A was significantly higher than the procedure of Silva and Bremner. The latter finding leaves no doubt about the need to avoid the use of KOBr for measuring fixed NH4+ in soils recently fertilized with ammoniacal N, and demonstrates that the methods described will be advantageous for tracer research involving 15N.
Novelty in Inflammation and Immunomodulation in Migraine
Authors: Cavestro Cinzia , Ferrero Marcella , Mandrino Silvia , Di Tavi Marco , Rota Eugenia 
Published: October 2019

Background.:Migraine is a diffuse and disabling disease. Its pathophysiology is complex and involves both central and peripheral dysfunctions.Objective.:This review will discuss the pathogenesis of migraine from the origin of the neuro-inflammatory theory, to the modern pathophysiological model and the latest therapies.Methods.:PUBMED and EMBASE (up to May 2019) were searched for: migraine, inflammation, immunomodulation. An additional search was carried out from the bibliography of previous review articles.Results.:Migraine was thought to be mainly a vascular disorder, according to the so-called “vascular theory”. Based on animal models, a new hypothesis called “the neuro-inflammatory” was conceived at the end of the 20th century. The growing knowledge about the trigeminovascular system and its role in the inflammatory-pain pathway, allowed to identify other specific neurotransmitters, such as the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Peptide. Evidence was provided that the inflammatory-pain system could become sensitised and, due to this sensitisation, the pain could also perpetuate, even in the absence of any triggers of the migraine attack. At last, brain immune cells modification during cortical spreading depression in migraine was demonstrated, along with the existence and function of the glymphatic system. The better comprehension of the immune system abnormalities allowed the development of new immunomodulating drugs: the monoclonal antibodies against the CGRP or the CGRP receptor. Moreover, new insights into the molecular mechanism of CGRP, and the function of C-fibres and Aδ-fibres, highlighted the mechanism of action of Botulinum Toxin type A in the treatment of chronic migraine.
The Effects of Glycopyrrolate as Premedication on Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Lee Seunghyuk , Yoon Sang W. , Choi Geun J. , Park Yong-Hee , Kang Hyun , Baek Chong W. , Jung Yong Hun , Woo Young C. 
Published: October 2019

Background:Glycopyrrolate is often used as a premedication for anesthesia as it has anti-sialogogue and vagolytic effect. Patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery have high-risk of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV).Objectives:This retrospective study investigates the effect of glycopyrrolate as a premedication for PONV in patients receiving fentanyl-based Intravenous (IV) Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) after laparoscopic gynecological surgery.Methods:We reviewed the medical records of adult patients who received fentanyl-based IV-PCA after laparoscopic gynecological surgery at Chung-Ang University Hospital between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2016. We classified patients into two groups on the basis of glycopyrrolate premedication: non-premedicated group (Group N; n = 316) and glycopyrrolate premedicated group (Group P; n = 434). The Propensity Score Matching Method (PSM) was used to select 157 subjects in Group N and P, on the basis of their covariates which were matched with a counterpart in the other group.Results:Prior to PSM, the necessities for rescue anti-emetics were lower on Postoperative Day (POD) 0 (58[18.4%]vs.45[10.4%],P= 0.002) and POD1 (60[19.0%]vs.59[13.6%],P= 0.046), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain on POD 1 (2.86 ± 1.49vs.3.13 ± 1.53,P= 0.017) was higher in group P. After PSM, the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score for nausea (0.38 ± 0.75vs. 0.21 ± 0.62,P= 0.027) and rescue anti-emetics (27 [17.2%]vs. 15 [9.6%],P= 0.047) on POD 0 were both lower in the group P.Conclusion:In patients receiving fentanyl-based IV-PCA after laparoscopic gynecological surgery, the severity of nausea and necessity for rescue ant-emetic was lower in the glycopyrrolate premedication group.
ISOLATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CANIS LUPUS FAMILIARIS AND HUMAN SALIVA AGAINST THE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Sahu Ajay Kumar , Paramita Prangya , Swain Akash , Pallath Karthika S , Sinha Rupali , Soni Abhisek 
Published: October 2019

Saliva is mainly contain protein have an important role biological system of that oral cavity is closely associated with different type of disease, in our research work we took canis lupus familiaris saliva which because the composition of dog salivary proteome and with relationship with human are unclear. Salivary proteome have more than 2353 differentially expressed protein human and dog salivary. Protein related regeneration and healing process as fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factors regulated by dog salivary, animal saliva is also known as common source of allergen. The main of this study and research work was to identify the particular species and determine the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in the saliva of canis lupus familiaris, the biochemical analysis is used to to identify the particular kind of bacteria was present in dog saliva and how its access to another bacteria through antimicrobial activity test was done. Canine saliva was tested for bacterial effect against pathogens relevant to the hygienic function of maternal grooming of the mammary. Bactericidal against coagulase positive staphylococcus and pseudomonas, e coli is the cause of highly fatal coliform enteritis of mammal. The oral proteomes of dog and human were appreciably different most probably cellular process, development process, multi cellular process, metabolic process, immune system process, biological adhesion is different according to the their biological appearance. These research work provide new information on canis lupus familiaris saliva composition and which type of bacteria is present it, and how will be beneficial for the study of dog saliva in diseased and health condition in future.
Hearbal Detox Extract Formulation From Seven Wonderful Natural Herbs: Garlic, Ginger, Honey, Carrots, Aloe Vera, Dates, & Corn
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Yerima , Chaturvedi Saurabh , Ibrahim Bello , Khan Mohammed Shahid , Jain Harshita , Nama Nitin , Jain Vikas 
Published: October 2019

The current mode of treatment of various diseases that cause as result of tobacco products based on synthetic drugs is very expensive, insalubrious and also not obtainable to all patients, at the same time these drugs alters genetics and metabolic pathways and also shows great adverse side effects to many patients. Hence, a safe and effective alternative natural remedy is needed to prevent the disease development and progression. In this lookout, natural recipes are indeed healthy and good remedy in the treatment/management of diseases that cause as result of tobacco products and these natural herbs are affordable, accessible and effective without any adverse side effects. These seven wonderful natural recipes (Garlic, ginger, honey, carrots, aloe Vera, dates & corn) are considered to be the most significant ancient herbs that have been used as an herbal remedy for over 2500 years all over the world. Although this research is first of its kind, because there was no such research conducted by any researcher who combined these seven wonderful natural recipes as a therapeutics, however there were several similar earlier studies on one or combination of either these recipes which have shown a very remarkable and suitable alternative remedy in various diseases cure without any side effects. This juice extracts from seven wonderful natural recipes are of paramount important with an immense medical properties and health beneficial effects that treats cancer further complications, cleanse the nicotine & tar from lungs that cause as a result of tobacco uses, boost immune system, as well as serve as an antibiotic in the remedy of many ailments.
Formulation and Development of Transdermal Patches of Piroxicam
Authors: Agrahari Saurabh , Sharma Atul , Kumar Sachin , Sharma Amit , Sagar Manoj Kumar 
Published: October 2019

The aim of the given study was to formation as well as development of patches of piroxicam. Piroxicam basically a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Less dosage result in the longer duration of action which make these patches a remarkable in curing the infection for the increase of transdermal properties of the patches various batches were prepared using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and poly vinyl pyrrolidone for best result various parameters are considered like thickness,weight are considered during various test in different batches and the last are i.e. the 6th batch comes good result batch 6th show best evaluation parameter whereas batch 7th show a 95 % release of drug there parameters including moisture content and above mention were tested and were evaluated for best possible result.
Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Newborn DNA Methylation: Findings From the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium
Authors: Howe Caitlin G. , Cox Bianca , Fore Ruby , Jungius James , Kvist Tuomas , Lent Samantha , Miles Harriet E. , Salas Lucas A. , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl , Starling Anne P. , Yousefi Paul , Ladd-Acosta Christine , Baccarelli Andrea , Binder Elisabeth B. , Chatzi Vaia Lida , Czamara Darina , Dabelea Dana , DeMeo Dawn L. , Ghantous Akram , Herceg Zdenko , Kajantie Eero , Lahti Jari M.T. , Lawlor Debbie A. , Litonjua Augusto , Nawrot Tim S. , Nohr Ellen A. , Oken Emily , Pizzi Costanza , Plusquin Michelle , Räikkönen Katri , Relton Caroline L. , Sharp Gemma C. , Sørensen Thorkild I.A. , Sunyer Jordi , Vrijheid Martine , Zhang Weiming , Hivert Marie-France , Breton Carrie V. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE
Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring. Growing evidence suggests that the epigenome may play a role, but most previous studies have been small and adjusted for few covariates. The current study meta-analyzed the association between maternal GDM and cord blood DNA methylation in the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Seven pregnancy cohorts (3,677 mother-newborn pairs [317 with GDM]) contributed results from epigenome-wide association studies, using DNA methylation data acquired by the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. Associations between GDM and DNA methylation were examined using robust linear regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. Fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed using METAL. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified by taking the intersection of results obtained using two regional approaches: comb-p and DMRcate.

RESULTS
Two DMRs were identified by both comb-p and DMRcate. Both regions were hypomethylated in newborns exposed to GDM in utero compared with control subjects. One DMR (chr 1: 248100345–248100614) was located in the OR2L13 promoter, and the other (chr 10: 135341870–135342620) was located in the gene body of CYP2E1. Individual CpG analyses did not reveal any differentially methylated loci based on a false discovery rate–adjusted P value threshold of 0.05.

CONCLUSIONS
Maternal GDM was associated with lower cord blood methylation levels within two regions, including the promoter of OR2L13, a gene associated with autism spectrum disorder, and the gene body of CYP2E1, which is upregulated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Future studies are needed to understand whether these associations are causal and possible health consequences.
High Concentration of Medium-Sized HDL Particles and Enrichment in HDL Paraoxonase 1 Associate With Protection From Vascular Complications in People With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Vaisar Tomas , Kanter Jenny E. , Wimberger Jake , Irwin Angela D. , Gauthier John , Wolfson Emily , Bahnam Vanessa , Wu I-Hsien , Shah Hetal , Keenan Hillary A. , Greenbaum Carla J. , King George L. , Heinecke Jay W. , Bornfeldt Karin E. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE
A subset of people with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) appears to be protected from microvascular and macrovascular complications. Previous studies have focused on improved abilities to respond to glucose and its downstream effects as protective mechanisms. It is unclear whether lipoproteins play a role in the vascular health of these people. We therefore determined whether HDL particle concentration, size, function, and/or protein composition associate with protection from vascular complications.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied two independent cross-sectional cohorts with T1D: the T1D Exchange Living Biobank (n = 47) and the Joslin Medalist Study (n = 100). Some of the subjects had vascular complications, whereas others never exhibited vascular complications, despite an average duration of diabetes in the cohorts of 45 years. We assessed HDL particle size and concentration by calibrated ion mobility analysis, the HDL proteome by targeted mass spectrometry, and HDL function ex vivo by quantifying cholesterol efflux capacity and inhibition of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.

RESULTS
In both cohorts, people without vascular complications exhibited significantly higher concentrations of medium-sized HDL particles (M-HDL) independently of total and HDL cholesterol levels. While no consistent differences in HDL functions were observed ex vivo, people without vascular complications had higher levels of HDL-associated paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme that inhibits atherosclerosis in animal models.

CONCLUSIONS
Elevated concentrations of M-HDL particles and elevated levels of HDL-associated PON1 may contribute to long-term protection from the vascular complications of diabetes by pathways that are independent of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.
Reports of Lactic Acidosis Attributed to Metformin, 2015–2018
Authors: Flory James H. , Hennessy Sean , Bailey Clifford J. , Inzucchi Silvio E. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE
In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revised metformin’s label to permit use in patients with mild-moderate chronic kidney disease. We sought to determine whether this change was associated with increased reports of metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) to the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Publicly available FAERS reports were analyzed.

RESULTS
MALA reports increased from 521 in 2015 to 1,939 in 2018. After restriction to U.S. reports, absolute and relative increase in MALA reports was less, from 111 to 243. The proportionate reporting ratio (PRR), a measure adjusted for rates of other adverse event reports, was stable.

CONCLUSIONS
The increased reports deserve attention, but the PRR’s stability and FAERS’s known limitations, including lack of a denominator or control group, do not permit the conclusion that U.S. MALA rates have increased. Further study with more robust data sources is needed.
Adoption Decision and Sustainable Utilization of Soil Conservation Technologies: Empirical Evidence from North West Ethiopia
Authors: Legese Kassaye Gurebiyaw , Melese Taye , Mire Tadie , Birara Abebe , Eniyew Kefale 
Published: October 2019

Soil is a crucial and precious natural resource that govern numerous ecological processes. However, in Ethiopia particularly in north Gondar zone, soil erosion is a severe problem and a major cause of the decline of agricultural productivity. The adoption and diffusion of soil and water conservation practices (SWC), as a way to tackle this challenge, has become an important issue in the development policy agenda in the zone. Therefore, this study was to identify factors affecting Soil conservation investments in the North Gondar zone. Data was collected through interviewed schedule, filed observation and focus group discussion. The multistage sampling technique was employed to select 206 sample households. Both descriptive and econometrics model was used to analyze the collected data. A multivariate profit (MPV) model was used to analyze the effect of demographic, socioeconomic, market, institutional and biophysical related factors on the interdependent investment decisions of SWC practices using household survey. The MPV model analysis indicates that farmers invest a combination of practices at parcel level by considering substitution and complementarity effects of the practices. The results also revealed that age of household heads, literacy status of household heads, off-farm activity, distance of farmlands from homesteads, tropical livestock unit, and access to training were influence farmers’ investments in SWC practices. The overall results indicate that the identified physical, socioeconomic, and institutional factors influence promote or hinder investments in SWC practice so, policymakers should take into consideration these various factors in designing and implementing SWC policies and Programmers.
On a Subclass of Meromorphic Multivalent Functions
Authors: Atshan Waggas Galib , HadiAbd Enaam 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we introduce a new class of meromorphic multivalent functions in the puncturedunit discU*{zâˆˆc:0 <|z|<1} . We obtain various resultsincluding coefficients inequality, convex set, radius of starlikeness and convexity, Î´-neighborhoods , arithmetic mean and extreme points .
Rational Chebyshev functions with new collocation points in semi-infinite domains for solving higher-order linear ordinary differential equations
Authors: Ramadan Mohamed Abdel -Latif 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of rational Chebyshev (RC) functions for solving higher-order linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients on a semi-infinite domain using new rational Chebyshev collocation points. This method transforms the higher-order linear ordinary differential equations and the given conditions to matrix equations with unknown rational Chebyshev coefficients. These matrices together with the collocation method are utilized to reduce the solution of higher-order ordinary differential equations to the solution of a system of algebraic equations. The solution is obtained in terms of RC series. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the method. The obtained numerical results are compared with others existing methods and the exact solution where it shown to be very attractive and maintains better accuracy.
PRIMARY DECOMPOSITION OF A 0-CONNECTED NILPOTENT SPACE
Authors: BEHERA AKRUR , Mohapatra Sandhya Rani 
Published: October 2019

It is known that the dierent stages of the Cartan-Whitehead decomposition of a 0-connected space can be obtained as the Adams cocompletions of the space with respect to suitable sets of morphisms. In this note Cartan-Whitehead decomposition is obtained for a nilpotent space, in terms of Adams cocompletion, using the primary homotopy theory developed by Neisendonfer.
A model of the analysis of the dynamics and structure of socio-economic development (an example of the set of the largest Polish cities in the years 1998–2015)
Authors: Mierzejewska Lidia , Parysek Jerzy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe complexity of the reality studied by geographical research requires applying such methods which allow describing the state of affairs and ongoing changes in the best possible way. This study aims to present a model of research on selected aspects of the dynamics and structure of socio-economic development. The idea was to determine whether we deal with the process of reducing or widening the differences in terms of individual features. The article primarily pursues a methodological goal, and to a lesser extent an empirical one. The methodological objective of the paper was to propose and verify a multi-aspect approach to the study of development processes. The analyses carried out reveal that in terms of the features taken into account in the set of 24 of the largest Polish cities the dominating processes are those increasing differences between cities, which are unfavourable in the context of the adopted development policies aiming at reducing the existing disparities. In relation to the methodological objective, the results of the conducted research confirm the rationale of the application of the measures of dynamics and the feature variance to determine the character (dynamics and structure) of the socio-economic development process of cities. Comparatively less effective, especially for interpretation, is the application of principal component analysis and a multivariate classification, which is mainly the result of differences in the variance of particular features.
Pasteloza – refurbishing of the PPR heritage
Authors: Nikolić Sara 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Colourful zigzags, arcade game motifs, geometric figures, pseudo-frames of windows and even infantile drawings of flora and fauna – those are just some of the visible symptoms of the aesthetical and urbanistic chaotic condition also known as Polish pasteloza. One of the most common readings is that the excuse of thermal insulation is being (ab)used in order to radically erase the urbanistic, cultural and political heritage of Polish People’s Republic (PPR) from the city landscape. On the other hand, inhabitants of ‘pastelized’ housing estates claim to be satisfied not only with the insulation but also with their role in decision-making processes. A sense of alienation from one’s home seems to have gone away, together with the centralized state administration, and it is being replaced by citizen participation. The possibility of vindication of pasteloza’s ‘crimes against aesthetics’ will be deliberated in this paper – in order to pave a path for more complex understanding of this phenomenon that could offer a solution for achieving a compromise between aesthetics and civic participation in post-transition processes.