bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking Integrated Coastal Zone Management to Maritime Spatial Planning: The Mediterranean Experience
Authors: Ramieri Emiliano , Bocci Martina , Markovic Marina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Mediterranean is not only complex in ecology but also socio-politically and economically. The rapid economic development of the last decades is expected to further increase in the future, providing benefits for Mediterranean countries but also increasing pressure on coastal and marine environments and intensifying conflicts between different activities. This chapter illustrates the policy frame supporting Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) implementation in the entire Mediterranean Sea. It discusses the importance of linking MSP with Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) given the high relevance of land-sea interactions. Although the process of MSP implementation is mainly at an initial stage in this sea basin, it can rely on broad-scale project-based experience. Examples of developed practices are provided in this chapter.
Education and Training for Maritime Spatial Planners
Authors: Calado Helena , Fonseca Catarina , Ansong Joseph Onwona , Frias Manuel , Vergílio Marta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe practice of Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) has developed substantially during the last decade, calling for more qualified professionals. Education, training, and growth capacity for MSP, however, are (still) some of the less addressed themes in MSP forums and specific learning materials, such as textbooks and practice manuals. Some teaching initiatives have nevertheless arisen at the postgraduate level for training new and specialised practitioners in the MSP field. A quick overview of such initiatives will help answer some questions concerning the path to follow for MSP education and training. This chapter presents an exploratory diagnosis based on a discussion of the basic skills needed to achieve successful professional practice. What skills are expected from a maritime spatial planner? Is a specific background required to become a maritime spatial planner? How should such professionals be trained? These questions are discussed using the visions and insights of consultants, maritime sectors, policymakers, scientists, and teachers of MSP, with experience in countries where MSP processes are already in place.
Challenges and Opportunities for Ecosystem-Based Management and Marine Spatial Planning in the Irish Sea
Authors: O’Higgins Tim , O’Higgins Linda , O’Hagan Anne Marie , Ansong Joseph Onwona 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEcosystem-Based Management (EBM) integrates the connections between land, air, water and all living things including human beings and their institutions. The location of the Irish Sea, between major historical industrial centres, its history of use and exploitation, combined with its hydrographic characteristics, have led to the current patterns of use. EBM efforts have been ongoing for over a decade but political boundaries have led to fragmented governance. The forthcoming UK exit from the European Union (EU) may pose further challenges. This chapter examines articulations between political boundaries, spatial scales of Marine Spatial Planning and nested social-ecological systems including the gyre in the western Irish Sea, and Dublin Bay. Examples of emerging best practices are provided and the challenges of data availability for ecosystem services are considered.
Re-thinking Regional and Local Policies in Times of Polarisation: An Introduction
Authors: Görmar Franziska , Lang Thilo , Nagy Erika , Raagmaa Garri 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSocio-spatial cohesion can be seen as one of the core issues of the European Union. However, the goal is far from being achieved. Diverging economic and social development patterns can be witnessed at various scales. This trend is closely linked to a shift in European cohesion policies in recent decades from redistributive to growth- and competitiveness-oriented policies. The results are parallel processes of centralisation and peripheralisation causing specific patterns of regional polarisation and affecting the ultimate goal to achieve territorial cohesion or, in other words, spatial justice. For this introductory chapter, we have identified three interconnected issues to look at when speaking about issues of socio-spatial polarisation and spatial justice: (1) the role of existing power relations in (re-)producing socio-spatial polarisation, (2) the failure of Cohesion Policy to support more balanced territorial development and, as a counterpoint, (3) the potentials of bottom-up initiatives and place-sensitive approaches to overcome current tendencies of polarisation. To each of these three issues, we directly link related conceptual and empirical contributions. Finally, we conclude with a call to rethink regional policies and find more just answers to current problems of regional development.
Towards a Progressive Local Development Approach: Insights from Local Community Initiatives in Hungary and Romania
Authors: Cebotari Sorin , Mihály Melinda 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIncreasing regional inequalities characterise the post-socialist period of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Rural villages in CEE are among the biggest losers of transition to the European Union. This chapter aims to understand how community-owned projects could empower local communities to influence peripheralisation dynamics. Specifically, the authors look at two mayor-led local development projects implemented through national and EU funding. Their research reveals that both projects are important for local communities and could generate benefits for the inhabitants. At the same time, the projects face bureaucratic burdens and lack wide participatory engagement. Based on their findings the authors formulate a series of public policy recommendations meant to foster local engagement, offer more flexibility to local actors and increase the level of support for similar projects.
Bypassing Structural Shortcomings: Innovative Firms in Peripheral Regions
Authors: Graffenberger Martin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRegional development strategies assign a key function to firm innovation. However, actors in peripheral regions face certain limitations that expose their innovation efforts to additional complexities. Placed within this field of tension, this chapter looks at the practices and strategies firms from South Estonia and the Erzgebirgskreis (Germany) adopt to organise their innovation activities. Insights from illustrations of two specific cases (innovation projects) are related to observations of wider empirical material. Findings suggest that firms adopt a dual strategy to facilitate innovation and to overcome the limitations of regional environments. This strategy comprises strategically mobilising ties to external actors and maintaining/expanding internal capacities. The chapter makes a contribution towards better understanding firm innovation that occurs in peripheral regions and, thus, contributes to their theorisation.
Translating Scientific Results: Encouraging Reflective Policies as a Chance for Change
Authors: Cebotari Sorin , Hanell Tomas , Lang Thilo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe dynamics of polarisation and peripheralisation are addressed in this chapter at different administrative levels, starting with the EU institutions and ending with local communities. This chapter looks at the exact way policies approach and tackle these dynamics at each administrative level. Relying on materials from the previous chapters, the authors outline a series of important policy shortcomings at every level (EU, national and local). Based on these shortages, the authors suggest five guiding points that address cohesion policy, local involvement in national policy-making processes, national responsibility to build supportive infrastructure, social capital at the local level and policy-making input at the local level. Along with these five points, the authors formulate a series of public policy initiatives as tools for positive change.
Geographical Uneven Development and Regional Futures: A Conversation
Authors: Hudson Ray , Pickles John 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs part of the RegPol2 Project “Socio-economic and Political Responses to Regional Polarization in Central and Eastern Europe” the authors were invited to hold a wide-ranging conversation about critical economic geography and regional development. The context for the conversation was an ongoing research programme involving scholars based in Leipzig and their colleagues interested in the intense processes of regional change in Central and Eastern Europe. The wider project focused on two key issues: first, post-1989 political and economic transformation and the emergence of spatially complex forms of representative democracy and economic forms of private instead of state-led markets and, second, the more recent emergence of new forms of social and regional polarisation and the corresponding political renewal of authoritarian state power in several Visegrad countries. We hope this conversation on the theme of contemporary critical economic geography contributes to broader discussions about post-socialist regional futures.
State Power, Spatial Inequality, and Geographical Expertise: Notes on Method
Authors: Kuus Merje 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSpatial planning in Europe is becoming an increasingly transnational process: the flows and networks of expertise and influence do not fit the patchwork of states, but combine national, sub-national, and inter-national elements in new and ever-changing combinations. Studying the process requires a methodological toolbox that is more flexible than the usual catalogue of national, regional, local, and European scales. This chapter uses EU-level diplomatic negotiation as an example to begin to unpack what such a methodological toolbox might look like. The author argues that a closer look at the everyday practice of policy-making brings out nuances about symbolic capital that the usual study of nation-states obscures.
Re-conceptualising Territorial Cohesion Through the Prism of Spatial Justice: Critical Perspectives on Academic and Policy Discourses
Authors: Jones Rhys , Moisio Sami , Weckroth Mikko , Woods Michael , Luukkonen Juho , Meyer Frank , Miggelbrink Judith 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis chapter’s authors conduct a critical review of academic and policy engagements with the concept of territorial cohesion as the guiding principle for the European Union’s regional policies. The authors discuss the limitations of the idea of territorial cohesion and frame some conceptual and more policy-related benefits that could arise from the notion of spatial justice. The authors argue that paying more attention to the academic literature on spatial justice, human capabilities and agency might help to spatialise the European Union’s social model in more effective ways. The authors conclude that applying more plural and long-term conceptions of ‘development’, ‘well-being’ and ‘justice’ could help to formulate regional policies that contribute more directly to the well-being and welfare of people in various parts of Europe.
Reproducing Socio-Spatial Unevenness Through the Institutional Logic of Dual Housing Policies in Hungary
Authors: Pósfai Zsuzsanna , Jelinek Csaba 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn recent decades Hungarian public policy interventions in the domain of housing have shown a strongly dualistic pattern, contributing to the reproduction of socio-spatial unevenness. The authors trace how capital investment in housing is channelled and mediated by public policies, and how these public policies are made dual along the lines of social class. The authors claim that state intervention in Hungary has deepened inequalities in the housing market at various scales—from the European to the neighbourhood. The analysis is based, on the one hand, on qualitative (and, more restrictedly, on quantitative) data related to the strategies of large economic actors of the housing market and, on the other hand, on qualitative research on housing-related public interventions in socio-economically deprived urban areas.
Validity of Surgical Resection for Lymph Node or Pulmonary Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer After Definitive Treatment
Authors: Shimada Ayako , Tsushima Takahiro , Tsubosa Yasuhiro , Booka Eisuke , Takebayashi Katsushi , Niihara Masahiro , Isaka Mitsuhiro , Ohde Yasuhisa , Machida Nozomu , Onozawa Yusuke , Yasui Hirofumi , Takeuchi Hiroya , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite the poor prognosis of recurrent esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), long‐term survival could be achieved in a subset of patients who successfully underwent surgical resection for recurrence. In this study, we investigated the outcomes of surgical resection for lymph node (LN) or pulmonary (PUL) recurrence in ESCC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of ESCC patients who underwent surgical resection between January 2008 and March 2015 for either LN or PUL recurrence after complete response (CR) by chemoradiotherapy or R0 esophagectomy. Every patient fulfilled the original institutional criteria: no recurrence at primary site; recurrence involving in only one organ; expectation of complete resection; and for PUL recurrence, no rapid growth with at least 2 months of observation.ResultsAmong the 13 patients analyzed, surgical resection was performed in nine and four patients with LN and PUL recurrence, respectively. R0 resection was achieved in all patients with no fatal surgical complications. Mean duration from the day of the first CR/R0 to the recurrence was 809 (110–2575) days. Median recurrence‐free survival following surgical resection for recurrence and overall survival following the first diagnosis of recurrence was 387 and 1297 days, respectively.ConclusionSurgical resection for LN or PUL recurrence of ESCC according to our institutional criteria can be performed safely for selected patients.
Preparation of MCrAlY–Al2O3 Composite Coatings with Enhanced Oxidation Resistance through a Novel Powder Manufacturing Process
Authors: Bai Mingwen , Song Bo , Reddy Liam , Hussain Tanvir 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
MCrAlY–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared by high-velocity oxygen fuel thermal spraying with bespoke composite powder feedstock for high-temperature applications. Powder processing via a suspension route was employed to achieve a fine dispersion of α-Al2O3 submicron particles on the MCrAlY powder surface. This was, however, compromised by ~ 50% less flowability of the feedstock during spraying. Nevertheless, the novel powder manufacturing process introduced in this study has shown potential as an alternative route to prepare tailored composite powder feedstock for the production of metal matrix composites. In addition, the newly developed MCrAlY–Al2O3 composite coatings exhibited superior oxidation resistance, compared to conventional MCrAlY coatings, with the formation of nearly exclusively Al2O3 scale after isothermal oxidation at 900 °C for 10 h. The addition of α-Al2O3 particles in the MCrAlY coatings as a second phase was found to have promoted the formation of YAG oxides (YxAlyOz) during spraying and also accelerated the outwards diffusion of Al, which resulted in enhanced oxidation resistance.
Bifurcation of nonlinear bound states in the periodic Gross-Pitaevskii equation with 𝒫𝒯-symmetry
Authors: Dohnal Tomáš , Pelinovsky Dmitry 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe stationary Gross–Pitaevskii equation in one dimension is considered with a complex periodic potential satisfying the conditions of the 𝒫𝒯 (parity-time reversal) symmetry. Under rather general assumptions on the potentials, we prove bifurcations of 𝒫𝒯-symmetric nonlinear bound states from the end points of a real interval in the spectrum of the non-selfadjoint linear Schrödinger operator with a complex 𝒫𝒯-symmetric periodic potential. The nonlinear bound states are approximated by the effective amplitude equation, which bears the form of the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In addition, we provide sufficient conditions for the appearance of complex spectral bands when the complex 𝒫𝒯-symmetric potential has an asymptotically small imaginary part.
A p(x)-Laplacian extension of the Díaz-Saa inequality and some applications
Authors: Takáč Peter , Giacomoni Jacques 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe main result of this work is a new extension of the well-known inequality by Díaz and Saa which, in our case, involves an anisotropic operator, such as the p(x)-Laplacian, $\Delta _{p(x)}u\equiv {\rm div}( \vert \nabla u \vert ^{p(x)-2}\nabla u)$. Our present extension of this inequality enables us to establish several new results on the uniqueness of solutions and comparison principles for some anisotropic quasilinear elliptic equations. Our proofs take advantage of certain convexity properties of the energy functional associated with the p(x)-Laplacian.
The Gopen–Yang Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Questionnaire: development and validation of a clinical questionnaire to assess subjective symptoms in patients undergoing surgical repair of superior semicircular canal dehiscence
Authors: Voth B L , Sheppard J P , Barnette N E , Ong V , Nguyen T , Jacky Chen C H , Duong C , Arsenault J J , Lagman C , Gopen Q , Yang I 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterise subjective symptoms in patients undergoing surgical repair of superior semicircular canal dehiscence.MethodsQuestionnaires assessing symptom severity and impact on function and quality of life were administered to patients before superior semicircular canal dehiscence surgery, between June 2011 and March 2016. Questionnaire sections included general quality of life, internal amplified sounds, dizziness and tinnitus, with scores of 0–100 points.ResultsTwenty-three patients completed the questionnaire before surgery. Section scores (mean±standard deviation) were: 38.2 ± 25.2 for general quality of life, 52.5 ± 23.9 for internal amplified sounds, 35.1 ± 28.8 for dizziness, 33.3 ± 30.7 for tinnitus, and 39.8 ± 22.2 for the composite score. Cronbach's α statistic averaged 0.93 (range, 0.84–0.97) across section scores, and 0.83 for the composite score.ConclusionThe Gopen–Yang Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Questionnaire provides a holistic, patient-centred characterisation of superior semicircular canal dehiscence symptoms. Internal consistency analysis validated the questionnaire and provided a quantitative framework for further optimisation in the clinical setting.
Stigma, isolation and depression among older adults living with HIV in rural areas
Authors: Quinn Katherine G. , Murphy Molly K. , Nigogosyan Zack , Petroll Andrew E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere is a growing population of ageing individuals living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Older adults living with HIV often contend with intersecting stigmas including HIV stigma, ageism and, for some, homonegativity and/or racism. Although the HIV stigma literature is quite robust, research on the relationship between HIV stigma, social support and mental wellbeing among older adults living with HIV is limited. This study begins to address this gap by examining how intersectional stigma affects social support and mental wellbeing among rural-dwelling older adults living with HIV. Qualitative interviews were conducted by phone with 29 older adults living with HIV, over the age of 50, living in rural areas of the United States of America. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis in MAXQDA qualitative analysis software. Analysis revealed three primary themes. The first had to do with gossip and non-disclosure of HIV status, which intersected with ageism and homonegativity to exacerbate experiences that fell within the remaining themes of experiences of physical and psychological isolation and loneliness, and shame and silence surrounding depression. The prevalence of social isolation and the effects of limited social support among older adults living with HIV are prominent and indicate a need for tailored interventions within the HIV care continuum for older adults living with HIV.
An Analysis of Documents Guiding Palliative Care in Five Canadian Provinces
Authors: Hill Carolyn , Duggleby Wendy , Venturato Lorraine , Durepos Pamela , Kulasegaram Pereya , Hunter Paulette , McCleary Lynn , Sussman Tamara , Thompson Genevieve , Surtees Doug , Wickson-Griffiths Abigail , Kaasalainen Sharon 
Published: January 2019

RÉSUMÉCette étude avait pour but d’analyser le niveau de concordance et la portée du contenu en matière de soins palliatifs dans les documents directeurs de haut niveau visant les soins pour les personnes résidant en centres de soins de longue durée au Canada. Une recherche systématique a été menée en vue d’analyser les documents de niveau national et ceux provenant de cinq provinces (Alberta, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Québec). Vingt-cinq documents ont été sélectionnés en fonction des critères d’inclusion à partir de 273 documents identifiés dans la recherche systématique. La majorité de ces documents ont été créés sur le plan national (48 %) ou en Ontario (28 %). Les sujets abordés variaient en matière de soins palliatifs et les soins de longue durée n’étaient que minimalement traités. Un nombre restreint de documents directeurs sur les soins palliatifs ont été relevés. Aucun de ces documents ne traitait spécifiquement des soins de longue durée, et les documents identifiés manquaient d’uniformité en matière de soins palliatifs. Il est essentiel que les principes encadrant les soins palliatifs soient présentés et concordants dans les documents directeurs afin d’améliorer la qualité de vie et les soins pour les résidents en soins de longue durée à travers le Canada.
Origin and Dynamics of Saltwater Intrusion in a Regional Aquifer: Combining 3‐D Saltwater Modeling With Geophysical and Geochemical Data
Authors: Meyer Rena , Engesgaard Peter , Sonnenborg Torben O. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWorldwide, aquifers in low‐lying coastal areas are threatened by saltwater occurrence, as a result of small head gradients, high groundwater abstraction rates, and drain management of the landscape, which is likely to intensify with climate change. Numerical models can serve as tools to identify the sources of the salt and thus to increase understanding of the driving mechanisms and important parameters controlling the extent of saltwater intrusions. This way, areas vulnerable to sea level rise can be identified and managed. Challenges include unknown initial salt concentrations, heterogeneous geology, and anthropogenic alterations. In this study, hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical data are used to develop a numerical density‐dependent groundwater flow and transport model with the objective to understand the history of a saltwater‐affected groundwater system and its likely response to historic and future changes. The extent of the simulated saltwater intrusion compares well with Airborne Electromagnetic data that show salt water up to 20 km inland. The results reveal that the salt water originates from a combination of laterally intruding seawater and vertically infiltrating transgression water. Main features controlling the progression of the modern seawater into the coastal aquifers are high permeable, deep Miocene sand aquifers, buried valleys that provide preferential flow paths in combination with extensive Miocene clay layers that delay saltwater intrusion. Anthropogenic activity enhances the saltwater inflow from the ocean and induces transient conditions. Future scenarios show that saltwater progression due to nonstationarity leads to enhanced contamination of the deeper aquifers. Climate change affects primarily the shallow aquifer systems.