bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflexiones sobre las denominaciones de dos piezas de ajedrez
Authors: Beaulieu Hélène 
Published: December 2024

La presencia del juego del ajedrez en España es más que milenaria. En dos épocas, durante los siglos XIV y XIX, se sucedieron cambios en el nombre de una o más piezas. En la primera, durante el siglo XIV la figura del visir, representado por el antiguo alferza, fue sustituida por una figura a la que se llamó tanto dama como reina. En la primera mitad del siglo XIX, el roque pasó a llamarse torre, mientras la dama o reina acabó con el único nombre de reina durante la segunda mitad de aquella centuria. Esta apelación se reemplazó por dama en los tratados de ajedrez en los albores del siglo XX, aunque reina sigue teniendo una importancia preponderante en la literatura. En el presente trabajo analizamos las circunstancias históricas y sociales en las cuales estos cambios se produjeron para descubrir qué hechos extralingüísticos los causaron.
Comparação entre solução de otimização por algoritmo genético e método do formigueiro de uma função não-linear
Authors: Timóteo Lino , Dametto Ronaldo 
Published: December 2024

Uma função pode ser maximizada ou minimizada. Maximizar uma função é a mesma coisa que minimizá-la com o sinal invertido. Existe uma região determinada por um conjunto de restrições que corresponde a uma região factível, região esta que pode estar a solução ótima da função objetivo. (Puccini, 1987). Um estudo sobre programação linear que pode servir de base para programação não linear pode ser encontrado em [1]. Um trabalho envolvendo algoritmo genético com funções não lineares e com o método “Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm” é apresentado em [2]. “[...] called hybrid grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) with genetic algorithm (GA): hybrid-GOA-GA [...]”. (El-Shorbagy, 2020, p.1). O uso da técnica do “formigueiro” para tratar um problema de otimização não linear é feito em [3]. “Therefore, this proposed algorithm combines PSO (the local search method) and EDA (the global search method) [...]”. (Wang, 2020, p.1).
Preoperative Prediction of Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy using Risk Score for Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy: An Observational Study
Authors: Acharya Bishal , Dulal Saujan , Yadav Bidhyanand , Aryal Shishir , Sarraf Soni Kumari , Subedee Aadesh , Ghimire Iswar Chandra , Tamrakar Kishor Kumar , Neupane Harish Chandra , Gole Senjisha Lama 
Published: December 2024

Introduction Laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires experts for the best result. Occasionally laparoscopic cholecystectomy becomes difficult, requiring conversion to open cholecystectomy and also endangers patients causing potential biliovascular and bowel injury. This study aims to predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy using RSCLO scoring system.
MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted including 116 diagnosed case of cholelithiasis undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy from July 2023 to March 2024. Scores were given on history, physical examination and ultrasonographic findings on admission as per the RSCLO scoring system. Intraoperatively, difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomyn criteria included: Time taken >60 min or bile/stone spillage or injury to bile duct/artery or conversion to open surgery. The end point of study was the end of surgery.
ResultsThe mean age was 46.23+15.36 years with female predominance of 69%. Preoperatively, 31.9% patients were predicted to have difficult cholecystectomy and intraoperatively 37.1% had difficulty (pearson chi-square 77.096, p value <0.001). Age >50 years, male gender and prior history of hospitalization because of gallbladder pathology were significantly associated with difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There was no open conversion, no intraoperative biliovascular or bowel injury. Sensitivity and specificity of RSCLO score with cut off value of >6 was 94.6% and 90%, respectively, with AUROC 0.922.
ConclusionRSCLO scoring system is useful for prediction of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and patients with high risk can be counseled preoperatively about intraoperative difficulty.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR ORGANISASI, PROSEDUR ORGANISASI, STRATEGI ORGANISASI, DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP TAX RATIO SULAWESI SELATAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KANTOR WILAYAH DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PAJAK SULSELBARTRA)
Authors: Wahyuni Resky , Den Ka Veronika Sari , Sari Sri Nirmala , Gisda Ardyansyah 
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh struktur organisasi, prosedur organisasi, strategi organisasi, dan budaya organisasi Terhadap Tax ratio Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 60 pegawai Kanwil DJP Sulselbartra.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosedur organisasi, strategi organisasi, dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tax ratio Sulawesi selatan, sedangkan untuk struktur organisasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tax ratio Sulawesi selatan. Tax ratio dapat ditingkatkan melalui fasilitas, pemeriksaan, dan pelayanan yang diberikan kepada Wajib Pajak (WP) dengan menyesuaikan permintaan publik dan peraturan yang berlaku serta petugas pajak yang kompeten dalam tugasnya.
THE ANALYSIS STUDY OF DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Djoko Brian Kenneth , Tarigan Roni Armanda 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a spectrum of conditions with significant morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Optimal management of ACS is critical, involving a combination of pharmacological therapies, interventional procedures, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs. This systematic review evaluates various management strategies for ACS, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes to guide improved patient care practices.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in adherence to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed in major databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, studies published from 2018 onwards that evaluated ACS management strategies. Inclusion criteria were original research articles providing insights into treatment methods such as medication regimens, surgical interventions, and supportive therapies. The studies were assessed for bias across parameters like temporal precedence, participant selection, confounding factor handling, and retention rates.
Results: From an initial set of 1916 publications, eight studies met the inclusion criteria after thorough screening. These studies highlighted various ACS management approaches, revealing that pharmacological treatments combined with early revascularization strategies improved patient survival and reduced complication rates. Assessment of bias showed consistent rigor in administration protocols and outcome assessments across the majority of studies. However, participant retention and confounding factor management were areas where inconsistencies were observed. The overall findings suggest that a multidisciplinary approach encompassing medication, timely intervention, and structured rehabilitation yields the best patient outcomes.
Conclusion: This systematic review underscores the importance of comprehensive, multidisciplinary management in ACS care. Effective treatment strategies should address timely diagnosis, therapeutic interventions, and follow-up plans that include patient education and rehabilitation. Further research is needed to refine management protocols and overcome challenges in confounding factor control and participant retention for future studies.
Strategi Pengelolaan Dana Zakat Digital Dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Kemiskinan
Authors: M Aidil Muttaqin  , Muhammad Aga Syauqi  , Aulia Dwi Septiarini  , Nyanyu Debi Agnes Monica  , Siti Haniyah  , Anugrah Nurfajri  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Zakat is an amaliyah worship that has a high social dimension and function towards the gift of Allah SWT. Apart from that, zakat also has the value of social solidarity, a statement of humanity and justice, and proof of Islamic brotherhood. Zakat is the 3rd pillar of Islam, which was obligatory when the Prophet was in Medina, precisely in the 2nd year of the Hijriah. At that time, zakat was one solution to overcome and avoid the economic downturn at that time. This journal discusses strategies that can be used to optimize the digital zakat system to eradicate poverty. This journal uses qualitative research methods and is descriptive. With the conclusion that the distribution of zakat funds is right on target both in the form of direct cash assistance and economic empowerment programs.

ABSTRAK
Zakat merupakan ibadah amaliyah yang mempunyai dimensi dan fungsi sosial yang tinggi terhadap karunia allah SWT. Selain itu, zakat juga memiliki nilai solidaritas sosial, pernyataan rasa kemanusiaan dan keadilan, serta pembuktian akan persaudaraan islam. Zakat merupakan rukun islam yang ke 3, yang diwajibkan pada masa Rasulullah berada di Madinah tepatnya pada tahun ke 2 Hijriah. Pada masa itu zakat merupakan salah satu solusi dalam mengatasi dan menghindari dari keterpurukan ekonomi pada masa itu. Jurnal ini membahas tentang Strategi- strategi yang dapat digunakan dalam mengoptimalkan sistem zakat digital untuk memberantas kemiskinan. Adapun jurnal ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif. Dengan kesimpulan Penyaluran dana zakat tepat sasaran baik dalam bentuk bantuan langsung tunai dan program pemberdayaan ekonomi.
Pembelajaran Abad 21 Dan Penerapannya di Indonesia
Authors: Syahputra Edi 
Published: December 2024

Belajar merupakan sesuatu yang hakiki dan merupakan kebutuhan mendasar setiap orang. Banyak teori yang sudah dan sedang berkembang saat ini yang menjelaskan hakikat belajar. Salah seorang diantaranya adalah yang pada intinya menyatakan bahwa belajar merupakan proses perubahan dalam pikiran dan karakter intelektual setiap orang. Proses perubahan dalam pikiran dan perubahan karakter ini merupakan indikator utama seseorang telah melakukan proses belajar. Pembelajaran merupakan proses memfasilitasi agar individu dapat belajar. Sedangkan menyatakan bahwa pembelajaran secara sederhana dapat diartikan sebagai sebuah usaha mempengaruhi emosi, intelektual, dan spiritual seseorang agar mau belajar dengan kehendaknya sendiri Jurnal ini bertujuan menguraikan pentingnya merubah paradikma pembelajaran pada abad 21. Pembelajaran di abad 21 harus dapat mempersiapkan generasi manusia Indonesia menyongsong kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Implikasi pada pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia mengharuskan semua stageholder pendidikan harus menguasai ICT literacy skill. Guru, siswa, bahkan orangtua siswa harus melek teknologi dan media komunikasi, dapat melakukan komunikasi yang efektif, berpikir kritis, dapat memecahkan masalah dan bisa berkolaborasi. Model pembelajaran akan bergeser secara signifikan kearah penerapan teknologi digital. Literacy ICT di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia harus ditingkatkan secara merata sehingga gap antara sekolah di pedesaan dan perkotaan semakin sempit. Ini semua menghendaki kerja keras dan kerja cerdas semua stageholder pendidikan di Indonesia.
Peran Teknologi Informasi Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Pada Dunia Pendidikan
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan 
Published: December 2024

Teknologi komunikasi dan informasi yang terus berkembang cenderung akan mempengaruhi dalam berbagai bidang termasuk bidang pendidikan kejuruan dan pelatihan yang akan semakin banyak diwarnai oleh oleh teknologikomunikasi dan informasi. Dalam dunia pendidikan perkembangan teknologi informasi mulai dirasa mempunyai dampak yang positif karena dengan berkembangnya teknologi informasi dunia pendidikan mulai memperlihatkan perubahan yang cukup signifikan. Dalam dunia pendidikan, Teknologi informasi dimanfaatkan sebagai bagian dari media pembelajaran yang dapat menyajikan materi pelajaran agar lebih menarik, tidak monoton, dan memudahkan penyampaian materi pembelajaran. Upaya pemecahan permasalahan pendidikan terutama masalah yang berhubungan dengan kualitas pembelajaran, dapat ditempuh dengan cara penggunaan berbagai sumber belajar dan penggunaan media pembelajaran yang berfungsi sebagai alat bantu dalam meningkatkan kadar hasil belajar peserta didik. Teknologi informasi digunakan sebagai media untuk mempermudah pencarian informasi tersebut. Penelitian ini, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menganalisis penggunaan teknologi informasi seperti apakah yang dimaksud dengan teknologi informasi , bagaimana peranan teknologi informasi dalam dunia pendidikan, apa fungsi dan tujuan dar mempelajari teknologi informasi apa manfaat dari teknologi informasi dalam dunia pendidikan serta bagaimana peran teknologi informasi dalam modernisasi Pendidikan. Penelitian Ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi beberapa masalah yang ditimbulkan akibat keterbatasan tenaga pengajar yang berkualitas. Metode distance learning sangat membantu siswa atau masyarakat dalam mempelajari hal-hal atau ilmu-ilmu baru dengan tampilan yang lebih menarik dan mudah untuk dipahami
القيود الموضوعية المحددة لمدى الاختصاص التشريعي العادي
Authors: ميسروب سيفان باكراد 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
The research discusses the most important constitutional restrictions defining the extent of legislative jurisdiction between the federal authority and the authority of the regions or states for the federal state (federal), and the specific restrictions for the field of law, regulatory authority and the field of regulatory laws (organic) for the simple unified state, and then the consequences of defining the field The objective of legislation in relation to the federal authorities or the authorities of the regions and the identification of the substantive field of law and regulations, through two sections, to discuss the problem of the research, which is the statement of the objective constraints organizing the legislative jurisdiction, and the research ended with results and recommendations in the light of that.
امكانية تحسين فعالية الرقابة الداخلية باستخدام اشارات خطر التدقيق للحد من حالات الغش والاحتيال: دراسة نظرية
Authors: ذنون الاء عبد الواحد 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The contemporary business environment is always fraught with risks, uncertainties and uncertainties, including errors and fraud, which can have serious financial consequences for an organization's reputation. Despite the implementation of internal control systems in these institutions, these risks still exist and recur as the business and operations are completed. This is where the research problem of ineffectiveness arisesInternal controls in mitigating the occurrence of errors and cases of fraud within institutions. This motivates auditors to take a proactive approach to identifying and addressing weaknesses. This approach is to use the potential of audit risk signals as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of internal control measures. This study aimed to increase the auditor's efficiency in detecting financial fraud by studying and analyzing the impact of using audit risk signals in improving the effectiveness of internal control, and evaluating internal control systems and the extent of reliance on it. The study relied on the descriptive approach through the use of theses, letters, periodicals, books and websites that dealt with the subject of the study, especially those related to the topics of audit risk signals and internal control.
The study concluded several conclusions, the most important of which are: that the availability and use of audit risk signals by the auditor helps to achieve savings in the time and cost allocated to the audit process, and to direct attention to citizens who have the

possibility of fraud, which achieves the effectiveness of the audit process in general, and the high efficiency of the audit in particular, there is a lack of access to sufficient and reliable information before starting the audit, and this indicates that there are obstacles that limit the importance of good communication with employees and the collection of information necessary to understand the situation accurately. The study also included several recommendations, the most important of which are: the need for auditors to be distinguished by the ability to analyze the causes and search for the real roots of the problem instead of relying only on apparent signals. Auditors should adhere to strong and transparent audit practices such as audit risk signals to ensure the correctness and reliability of employees' transactions, management, assets and financial reports in order to improve the effectiveness of internal control.
The impact of modern digital technologies on improving the effectiveness of psychological techniques for training specialists for public control (legal and economic aspects)
Authors: Potapenko Sergei Viktorovich , Pchelintsev Artem Sergeevich , Taukenova Leilya Magometovna , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna , Cheshin Andrei Vladimirovich 
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the economic and legal analysis of the modern digital technologies on improving the effectiveness of psychological techniques for training specialists for subjects of public control in Russia. The authors note the role and importance of this institution of civil society in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation and protection of constitutional principles, as well as as a key institution of civil society. It is noted that the key problem of the functioning of public control is the problem of ensuring its effectiveness. The paper substantiates its author's definition, analyzes a set of factors that ensure it, including the quality of training of specialists of subjects of public control. The authors explore the main components of the training system of these specialists, certain techniques; note the importance of psychological training techniques. As the main scientific research methods, both general scientific methods (in particular, formal logical, dialectical, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction) and private scientific research methods (for example, economic analysis, psychological analysis, comparative law, historical law, statistical, sociological) were used in the work. The empirical basis of the study was, in particular: the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the public control; materials related to practical activities for training specialists for subjects of public control, the use of psychological techniques and methods in the process of their preparation, as well as modern digital technologies; materials of scientific periodicals in this field. The influence of modern digital technologies on the training of the above-mentioned specialists is analyzed, the author's definition of this concept is substantiated, the influence of these technologies on the processes of implementing psychological techniques for training specialists of subjects of public control is investigated. The authors consider the main directions of using modern digital technologies in this area, studying the limits and grounds of this use. The paper analyzes the economic efficiency of using modern digital technologies in the implementation of psychological techniques for training specialists of subjects of public control, which is especially important in conditions of limited financing of the processes of organization and functioning of subjects of public control.
Comparative Evaluation of Radioactive Contamination in Soil Samples from Mining and Non-mining communities of Barkin Ladi Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Hemba Emmanuel Census , Longmena Tongshinen Sabo , Gangtak Nanpon , Simla Abel 
Published: December 2024

Aims: To determine the level of radioactive pollution in soil samples from mining and non-mining communities in Barking Ladi local government area of plateau State and evaluate the implications for public health.
Study Design: A Comparative Study was conducted using soil samples collected randomly from mining and non-mining communities (four samples from each). The samples were subjected to analysis for gross alpha and beta radioactivity concentration at the Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, using a Protean Instrument Corporation (MPC 2000 Dual Phosphor) detector.
Results: The study revealed that the gross alpha activity concentration of the soil was in the range of 0.03747 0.0150 to 0.04995 0.0157 Bq/g, while beta activity concentration was in the range of 0.03995 0.0301 to 0.1357 0.0212 Bq/g. The maximum value of alpha activity concentration was 0.04995 0.0157 Bq/g, and the maximum value of beta activity concentration was 0.1357 0.0212 Bq/g.
Conclusion: The study shows that the radioactive concentrations in soils from both the mining and non-mining communities are below the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended standard of 0.5Bq/l and 1.0Bq/l for gross alpha and gross beta in drinking water respectively. Even though these findings show that the soils from the study communities are safe for agricultural activities, it is essential to carry out routine monitoring activities to guard against potential radioactive pollution and protect public health.
Blood neurofilament light as a potential endpoint in Phase 2 studies in MS
Authors: Sormani Maria Pia , Haering Dieter A. , Kropshofer Harald , Leppert David , Kundu Uma , Barro Christian , Kappos Ludwig , Tomic Davorka , Kuhle Jens 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo assess whether neurofilament light chain (NfL) could serve as an informative endpoint in Phase 2 studies in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and estimate the sample size requirements with NfL as the primary endpoint.MethodsUsing data from the Phase 3 FREEDOMS study, we evaluated correlation of NfL at Month 6 with 2‐year outcomes: relapses, confirmed disability worsening (CDW), new or enlarging T2 lesions (active lesions), and brain volume loss (BVL). We compared the proportion of treatment effect (PTE) on 2‐year relapses and BVL explained by 6‐month log‐transformed NfL levels with the PTE explained by the number of active lesions over 6 months. We estimated sample size requirements for different treatment effects.ResultsAt Month 6, blood NfL levels (pg/mL, median [range]) were lower in the fingolimod arm (fingolimod (n = 132) 18 [8–247]; placebo (n = 114) 26 [8–159],P < 0.001). NfL at 6 months correlated with number of relapses (r = 0.25,P < 0.001), 6‐month CDW (hazard ratio 1.83,P = 0.012), active lesions (r = 0.46,P < 0.001), and BVL (r = −0.41,P < 0.001) at Month‐24. The PTE (95% CI) on 24‐month relapses and BVL explained by 6‐month NfL was 25% (8–60%) and 60% (32–132%), and by 6‐month active lesions was 28% (11–66%) and 45% (18–115%), respectively. Assuming a 20–40% treatment‐related reduction in NfL levels, 143‐28 patients per arm will be required.ConclusionsBlood NfL may qualify as an informative and easy‐to‐measure endpoint for future Phase 2 clinical studies that captures both inflammatory‐ and noninflammatory‐driven neuroaxonal injury in RRMS.