bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linc00483 as ceRNA regulates proliferation and apoptosis through activating MAPKs in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Defeng , Yang Meifeng , Liao Aijun , Zeng Bing , Liu Diqun , Yao Yuhong , Hu Guangsheng , Chen Xuanmin , Feng Zhiqiang , Du Yanlei , Zhou Youlian , He Jie , Nie Yuqiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of many cellular processes, and their aberrant expression and/or function is associated with many different diseases, including cancer. However, the identification of functional lncRNAs in gastric cancer is still a challenge. In this study, we describe a novel functional lncRNA, linc00483, that is upregulated and associated with tumorigenesis, tumour size, metastasis and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. In our study, linc00483 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, upregulated expression of linc00483 in gastric cancer acts as a sponge to absorb endogenous tumour suppressor miR‐30a‐3p. Furthermore, it restores SPAG9 expression, which is negatively regulated by miR‐30a‐3p, and actives MAPK signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. Thus, linc00483 is an oncogenic lncRNA in gastric cancer and targeting linc00483 or its pathway can potentially be useful in development of targeted therapies for patients with gastric cancer. Our results show that linc00483 is an important regulator in carcinogenesis and may be a useful biomarker to predict prognosis of gastric cancer patients. We believe our findings are novel and will be of interest to scientists working in many areas related to biomarkers in cancer.
Proximal restoration increases the risk of clinical attachment loss
Authors: Collares Kauê , Demarco Flávio F. , Horta Bernardo L. , Correa Marcos B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimTo estimate the effect of proximal direct restorations in the adjacent periodontal tissues in adults from a birth cohort.Materials and methodsA representative sample (n = 539) of all 5,914 births occurring in Pelotas, Brazil in 1982 was prospectively investigated, being clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) assessed at 31‐year old. For each site, tooth surface was evaluated as sound or restored, being the restoration extension (subgingival or supragingival) and restoration material (composite and amalgam) considered. Covariables included family income, untreated caries, and service utilization patterns during life course. Multilevel Poisson regression models were used, considering three levels of variables organization: periodontal site, dental, and individual level.ResultsAmong the 28,796 periodontal sites evaluated, CAL and PD ≥ 4 mm was observed in 1.5% and 4.8%, respectively. Multilevel models showed that proximal restorations had a significant effect on CAL and PD. Subgingival and amalgam restorations showed greater effect when compared to supragingival and composite restorations, respectively.ConclusionsThe present study partially supports the hypothesis that proximal restorations are associated with the presence of periodontal damage. Although not indicative of disease, a significant increase was observed in CAL and PD at restored sites.
Four polymorphisms in the IL‐22 gene and the risk of cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhao Taiqiang , Xu Chengjie , Yu Hua 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveIL‐22 plays an important role in cancer carcinogenesis. However, the association between IL‐22 polymorphisms and cancer risk was inconclusive. The objective of the current study was to assess these associations by meta‐analysis.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched up to 31 January 2018. The results were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The associations between polymorphisms and cancer risk were estimated by meta‐analysis. All analyses were performed using the Revman5.3 software.ResultsA total of four polymorphisms (rs2227485, rs1179251, rs1179246, and rs1182844) in seven studies were included. The results of meta‐analysis indicated that the rs1179251 polymorphism [OR = 1.46, 95% CI (1.17, 1.82), P = 0.0008 for GG+GC vs. CC] was associated with increased risk of cancer, while the rs2227485, rs1179246, and rs1182844 polymorphisms were not associated with cancer risk.ConclusionsThe current meta‐analysis suggests that IL‐22 gene rs1179251 polymorphism may be a risk factor for cancer.
Two successive phases of ultrahigh temperature metamorphism in Rogaland, S. Norway: Evidence from Y‐in‐monazite thermometry
Authors: Laurent Antonin T. , Duchene Stephanie , Bingen Bernard , Bosse Valerie , Seydoux‐Guillaume Anne‐Magali 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn Rogaland, South Norway, a polycyclic granulite facies metamorphic domain surrounds the late‐Sveconorwegian anorthosite–mangerite–charnockite (AMC) plutonic complex. Integrated petrology, phase equilibria modelling, monazite microchemistry, Y‐in‐monazite thermometry, and monazite U–Th–Pb geochronology in eight samples, distributed across the apparent metamorphic field gradient, imply a sequence of two successive phases of ultrahigh temperature (UHT) metamorphism in the time window between 1,050 and 910 Ma. A first long‐lived metamorphic cycle (M1) between 1,045 ± 8 and 992 ± 11 Ma is recorded by monazite in all samples. This cycle is interpreted to represent prograde clockwise P–T path involving melt production in fertile protoliths and culminating in UHT conditions of ~6 kbar and 920°C. Y‐in‐monazite thermometry, in a residual garnet‐absent sapphirine–orthopyroxene granulite, provides critical evidence for average temperature of 931 and 917°C between 1,029 ± 9 and 1,006 ± 8 Ma. Metamorphism peaked after c. 20 Ma of crustal melting and melt extraction, probably supported by a protracted asthenospheric heat source following lithospheric mantle delamination. Between 990 and 940 Ma, slow conductive cooling to 750–800°C is characterized by monazite reactivity as opposed to silicate metastability. A second incursion (M2) to UHT conditions of ~3.5–5 kbar and 900–950°C, is recorded by Y‐rich monazite at 930 ± 6 Ma in an orthopyroxene–cordierite–hercynite gneiss and by an osumilite gneiss. This M2 metamorphism, typified by osumilite paragenesis, is related to the intrusion of the AMC plutonic complex at 931 ± 2 Ma. Thermal preconditioning of the crust during the first UHT metamorphism may explain the width of the aureole of contact metamorphism c. 75 Ma later, and also the rarity of osumilite‐bearing assemblages in general.
Visualisation of insect tracheal systems by lactic acid immersion
Authors: RUAN Y. , LI Y. , ZHANG M. , CHEN X. , LIU Z. , WANG S. , JIANG S. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe endeavours to reveal the tracheal system of insects and some arachnids has a long history. The traditional way to observe a tracheal system in an insect body is by utilising the glycerin immersion method. In this study, we developed the lactic acid immersion method, which reveals a more complete tracheal system. By mounting various types of live specimens or body parts directly into lactic acid, multiple intact and complex tracheal systems were clearly visualised. The lactic acid immersion contributed to revealing tracheal systems by penetrating body tissue while reserving enough time for observation before the penetration of the tracheae. Preliminary comparisons were conducted between lactic acid and other mediae, including glycerin. It turned out that lactic acid immersion provides better details and more distinct structures. In our test, the optimal time for observing the tracheal system was 10–25 min after the organism was immersed in lactic acid.
C7 vertebra homeotic transformation in domestic dogs – are Pug dogs breaking mammalian evolutionary constraints?
Authors: Brocal J. , De Decker S. , José‐López R. , Manzanilla E. G. , Penderis J. , Stalin C. , Bertram S. , Schoenebeck J. J. , Rusbridge C. , Fitzpatrick N. , Gutierrez‐Quintana R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe number of cervical vertebrae in mammals is almost constant at seven, regardless of their neck length, implying that there is selection against variation in this number. Homebox (Hox) genes are involved in this evolutionary mammalian conservation, and homeotic transformation of cervical into thoracic vertebrae (cervical ribs) is a common phenotypic abnormality when Hox gene expression is altered. This relatively benign phenotypic change can be associated with fatal traits in humans. Mutations in genes upstream of Hox, inbreeding and stressors during organogenesis can also cause cervical ribs. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of cervical ribs in a large group of domestic dogs of different breeds, and explore a possible relation with other congenital vertebral malformations (CVMs) in the breed with the highest prevalence of cervical ribs. By phenotyping we hoped to give clues as to the underlying genetic causes. Twenty computed tomography studies from at least two breeds belonging to each of the nine groups recognized by the Federation Cynologique Internationale, including all the brachycephalic ‘screw‐tailed’ breeds that are known to be overrepresented for CVMs, were reviewed. The Pug dog was more affected by cervical ribs than any other breed (46%; P < 0.001), and was selected for further analysis. No association was found between the presence of cervical ribs and vertebral body formation defect, bifid spinous process, caudal articular process hypoplasia/aplasia and an abnormal sacrum, which may infer they have a different aetiopathogenesis. However, Pug dogs with cervical ribs were more likely to have a transitional thoraco‐lumbar vertebra (P = 0.041) and a pre‐sacral vertebral count of 26 (P < 0.001). Higher C7/T1 dorsal spinous processes ratios were associated with the presence of cervical ribs (P < 0.001), supporting this is a true homeotic transformation. Relaxation of the stabilizing selection has likely occurred, and the Pug dog appears to be a good naturally occurring model to further investigate the aetiology of cervical ribs, other congenital vertebral anomalies and numerical alterations.
Effect of dietary counselling with prosthetic restoration on fruit and vegetable intake in partially dentate patients: A prospective study
Authors: Nabeshima G. , Fueki K. , Inamochi Y. , Wakabayashi N. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a counselling‐based dietary intervention on nutritional status in partially dentate patients receiving removable partial dentures (RPDs). Thirty‐eight patients [mean age (standard deviation): 73.2 (7.7) years] who were scheduled to receive RPDs at a dental hospital and were currently eating <350 g of vegetables per day were included in the study. A dentist provided basic dietary counselling aimed at increasing dietary fruit and vegetable intake and improving dietary habits. Patients received dietary counselling directly after treatment with new RPDs and at 1 week after a 1‐month follow‐up evaluation (T1). Food intake was assessed via a validated brief‐type self‐administered diet history questionnaire, and carotenoids and vitamin C in 6‐hour fasting blood samples were measured before RPD administration, and at 1 (T1) and 3 months (T3) thereafter. Vegetable but not the fruit intake increased significantly at T1 and T3 compared to before treatment. Alpha carotene significantly increased at T3 while β significantly increased both at T1 and T3 compared to before treatment (P < .05). The number of occlusal units on natural teeth was significantly positively associated with increased vegetable and β‐carotene intake (P < .05). Serum carotenoids and vitamin C levels measured with 6‐hour fasting blood samples remained constant. These results suggest that basic dietary counselling may improve vegetable intake in partially dentate patients receiving RPD treatment, but did not lead to haematological changes. The presence of occlusion of remaining posterior teeth may be critical for improving vegetable intake.
Factors related to dissociation between objective and subjective masticatory function in Japanese community‐dwelling elderly adults
Authors: Murakami M. , Watanabe Y. , Edahiro A. , Ohara Y. , Obuchi S. , Kawai H. , Kim H. , Fujiwara Y. , Ihara K. , Murakami M. , Hirano H. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryClinicians' evaluations of older adults sometimes reveal inconsistencies between objective and subjective dental status. This study investigated which factors contribute both to good objective masticatory function (OMF) and the poor subjective masticatory function (SMF) that often becomes a clinical issue. Study participants included 635 elderly community‐dwelling Japanese adults who underwent a comprehensive geriatric health examination in 2012. SMF was assessed with a question from the Kihon Checklist on eating difficulties (poor or good). OMF was assessed by a colour‐changing gum (poor or good). Also investigated were age, sex, depressive symptoms, instrumental activities of daily living (I‐ADLs), number of people who joined the participant at dinner, grip strength, usual walking speed, number of remaining teeth, number of functional teeth and their occlusal force. The group with good OMF and good SMF, defined as group 1, and the group with good OMF but poor SMF, group 2, were compared. Logistic regression analyses confirmed that the number of remaining and functional teeth participants had was statistically unrelated to differences between OMF and SMF. Instead, differences were related to stronger depressive symptoms (OR = 1.67, CI = 1.14‐2.44), less ability to conduct I‐ADL activities (OR = 0.73, CI = 0.59‐0.91), slower usual walking speeds (OR = 0.18, CI = 0.06‐0.58) and less occlusal force (OR = 0.99, CI = 0.99‐1.00). Depressive symptoms, I‐ADLs, and physical function are shown to be significantly related to divergence between objective and subjective masticatory function in elderly Japanese. This suggests that dissociations between objective and subjective dental evaluations of elderly adults indicate need for assessment of their mental and physical function.
Splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Leão R. S. , Moraes S. L. D. , Vasconcelos B. C. E. , Lemos C. A. A. , Pellizzer E. P. 
Published: May 2018

SummarySplinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems have unique advantages and disadvantages. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the influence of splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems on the marginal bone loss, prosthetic complications and implant survival rate. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched for articles published up to October 2017, using the following search terms: “overdenture AND attachment OR overdenture AND bar OR overdenture splinted.” The PICO question “Do splinted overdenture attachment systems promote better clinical results in comparison to unsplinted systems?” was evaluated. Eligible studies included randomized controlled clinical trials, prospective studies with at least 10 participants and a minimum follow‐up of 6 months, and studies published in English that compared splinted and unsplinted attachment systems within the same study. The 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered for all outcomes analysed. After completion of the different steps in the article selection process, nine articles were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. A total of 984 implants were placed in 380 patients (mean age: 62.8 years). The meta‐analysis demonstrated no statistically significant differences between splinted and unsplinted attachment systems with regard to marginal bone loss (P = .39; MD: −0.11; 95% CI: −0.37 to 0.14), complications (P = .31; RR: 1.26; CI: 0.80‐1.99) and implant survival rate (P = .14; RR: 0.37% CI: 0.10‐1.36). In addition, splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems achieved similar results with regard to marginal bone loss, prosthetic complications and implant survival rate.
Augmentation of the cytotoxic effects of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates in hypoxia
Authors: Minegaki Tetsuya , Koiki Saya , Douke Yutaro , Yamane Chihiro , Suzuki Ai , Mori Misato , Tsujimoto Masayuki , Nishiguchi Kohshi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Tumour hypoxia is a major obstacle in cancer therapy that leads to poor prognosis. Therefore, the development of cancer treatments that are effective in hypoxia is necessary. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), which are used to treat bone disease, are cytotoxic to several cancer cells in normoxia. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxicity of N-BPs in cancer cells in hypoxia.

Methods
We studied the cytotoxicities of N-BPs, statins and anticancer drugs in human cancer cells under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). The expression levels of enzymes in the mevalonate pathway in hypoxia were measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.

Key findings
In hypoxia, cell growth inhibition by 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was not changed as compared to that in normoxia; however, cell growth inhibition by N-BPs and via zoledronate-induced apoptosis was higher in hypoxia than that in normoxia. Furthermore, geranylgeraniol completely inhibited the growth inhibitory effects of zoledronate. Additionally, the mRNA and protein levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase significantly decreased in hypoxia. Moreover, simvastatin potentiated the growth inhibitory effect of zoledronate.

Conclusions
The cytotoxicity of N-BPs, but not 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, is potentiated in hypoxia, through the loss of HMG-CoA reductase function. N-BPs may be effective against cancer in normoxia and hypoxia.
Game theory, cheap talk and post‐truth politics: David Lewis vs. John Searle on reasons for truth‐telling
Authors: Amadae S.M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractI offer two potential diagnoses of the behavioral norms governing post‐truth politics by comparing the view of language, communication, and truth‐telling put forward by David Lewis (extended by game theorists), and John Searle. My first goal is to specify the different ways in which Lewis, and game theorists more generally, in contrast to Searle (in the company of Paul Grice and Jürgen Habermas), go about explaining the normativity of truthfulness within a linguistic community. The main difference is that for Lewis and game theorists, “truthful” signaling follows from an alignment of interests, and deception follows from mixed motives leading to the calculation that sending false information is better for oneself. Following in the Enlightenment tradition, Searle argues that practical reasoning, which involves mastery of at least one language, requires that actors intend to communicate. This intention includes constraining the content of statements to uphold veracity conditions. After distinguishing between these two accounts, I will articulate the implications for explaining, and even informing actions, constitutive of post‐truth politics. I argue that the strategic view of communication is sufficient neither to model everyday conversation nor to reflect a public sphere useful for democratic government. Both the pedagogy of strategic communication as cheap talk, and its concordance with new digital information technologies, challenge norms of truthfulness that underlie modern institutions essential to an effective public sphere.
Autonomous UAVs for Structural Health Monitoring Using Deep Learning and an Ultrasonic Beacon System with Geo‐Tagging
Authors: Kang Dongho , Cha Young‐Jin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractVisual inspection has traditionally been used for structural health monitoring. However, assessments conducted by trained inspectors or using contact sensors on structures for monitoring are costly and inefficient because of the number of inspectors and sensors required. To date, data acquisition using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with cameras has become popular, but UAVs require skilled pilots or a global positioning system (GPS) for autonomous flight. Unfortunately, GPS cannot be used by a UAV for autonomous flight near some parts of certain structures (e.g., beneath a bridge), but these are the critical locations that should be inspected to monitor and maintain structural health. To address this difficulty, this article proposes an autonomous UAV method using ultrasonic beacons to replace the role of GPS, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for damage detection, and a geo‐tagging method for the localization of damage. Concrete cracks, as an example of structural damage, were successfully detected with 97.7% specificity and 91.9% sensitivity, by processing video data collected from an autonomous UAV.
Infection of Trichophyton verrucosum in cattle breeders, Poland: A 40‐year retrospective study on the genomic variability of strains
Authors: Gnat Sebastian , Łagowski Dominik , Nowakiewicz Aneta , Trościańczyk Aleksandra , Zięba Przemysław 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTrichophyton verrucosum is a zoophilic fungus that is the most frequent aetiological agent of dermatophytosis in cattle. During the last few years, the number of cases of T. verrucosum from humans has been increasing constantly, which is correlated with the presence of cattle‐rearing farms. We identified and analysed T. verrucosum strains isolated from humans and cattle. Identification was carried out traditionally by correlating both the clinical manifestations with a micro‐ and macroscopic examination. To confirm the species affiliation fully, molecular differentiation methods were used. Direct analysis revealed the presence of arthrospores. The macro‐ and micromorphology of the isolates obtained from material sampled was homogeneous, and characterised for T. verrucosum. The phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS sequences demonstrated that the strains formed a monophyletic group with T. verrucosum ATCC10 695 with a support of 99%. The MP‐PCR analysis indicates high invariability of genomes of strains from humans and animals. MSP‐fingerprinting analysis gives the same results as the MP‐PCR analysis. To sum up, the rDNA ITS sequence analysis in combination with macro‐ and micro‐morphology only facilitated T. verrucosum species identification without the possibility of intraspecific differentiation. Finding and testing methods, especially molecular technique, with sufficient discriminatory power, is the present challenge for mycologists.
Candidemia in children: Epidemiology, prevention and management
Authors: Mantadakis Elpis , Pana Zoe Dorothea , Zaoutis Theoklis 
Published: May 2018

SummaryCandidemia is the leading cause of invasive fungal infections in hospitalised children. The highest rates of candidemia have been recorded in neonates and infants <1 year of age. Candidemia is more frequent in neonates and young infants than in adults, and is associated with better clinical outcomes, but higher inpatient costs. Over the last 10 years, a declining trend has been noted in the incidence of paediatric candidemia in the US and elsewhere due to the hospital‐wide implementation of central‐line insertion and maintenance bundles that emphasise full sterile barrier precautions, chlorhexidine skin preparation during line insertion, meticulous site and tubing care, and daily discussion of catheter necessity. Additional interventions aiming at reducing gut‐associated candidemia are required in immunocompromised and critically ill children.