bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic NIR‐II Nanofluorophore with Ultrahigh Quantum Yield for Vessels Imaging and Fluorescence Image‐Guided Surgery
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Li Ling , Ren Yuxin , Li Meiqi , Tang Yanli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging has aroused more and more interest in biomedical applications due to negligible autofluorescence and deep penetration ability. However, the fluorescence quantum yield of NIR‐II fluorophores with more than 1100 nm emission wavelength is typically less than 1%, thus limiting the imaging quality of deep tissues. In this study, a novel NIR‐II organic small molecule CTB1125 is designed and synthesized. Due to an efficient intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) facilitated by a high donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) strength structure, CTB1125 exhibits a maximum emission wavelength of 1125 nm. Additionally, branched alkyl chains are modified on the conjugated fused ring backbone to reduce intermolecular stacking. CTB1125 is encapsulated in the amphiphilic copolymer PS2000‐PEG2000 to form CTB1125‐NPs, which exhibit ultrahigh fluorescence quantum yield up to 4.84% in aqueous solution, excellent photostability, and high signal‐to‐noise rate. Due to these outstanding properties, CTB1125‐NPs have been successfully used for clear and long‐duration NIR‐II vessel imaging with small amounts of CTB1125‐NPs, low laser power and short exposure time, and precisely guiding the surgical resection of tumors in mice through fluorescence imaging. This work provides a promising NIR‐II fluorophore with ultrahigh brightness for deep‐tissue imaging and imaging‐guided surgery.
High‐Density Ionic Skin via Direct Microlithography of Photosensitive Ionogel
Authors: Bi Shuxin , Si Haonan , Gao Fangfang , Xun Xiaochen , Xu Liangxu , Gao Lusen , Fan Liubing , Zhao Xuan , Liao Qingliang , Zhang Yue 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIonic skin with ionic mechanotransduction similar to human skin can perceive stimuli by ionic conduction, holding great potential in novel human‐machine interactions. However, the high‐density integration of ionic skins still faces significant challenges due to the difficulty in fabricating high‐density patterned ionogel arrays with simple manufacturing processes. Herein, the study reports a high‐density ionic skin (HI‐Skin) based on ionogel array patterned by direct microlithography. The photosensitive ionogel (PIG) is synthesized by rapid ultraviolet‐induced in situ photopolymerization process. The direct microlithography of PIG is developed, which allows to directly pattern ionogel precursors by selective exposure to ultraviolet light and development. Simple and low‐cost preparation of PIG array with the minimum line width of 200 µm is realized. Furthermore, HI‐Skin is constructed by integrating patterned PIG arrays with row and column electrodes, and the density is up to 49/cm2. The HI‐Skin demonstrates high sensitivity of 126.8 kPa−1 and low crosstalk of −8.93 dB. By integrating the HI‐Skin and a microcontroller, a multichannel signal acquisition system is built to achieve detection of multiple motion trajectories. This work opens an avenue for the simple construction of high‐density ionic skin.
Nitric‐Oxide‐Enhanced Positively Charged Semiconductor Conjugated Polymer Composite Nanomaterials for Antibiofilm In Vivo
Authors: Li Jiguang , Zhang Guoyang , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Shabunina Olga V. , Guo Xuefan , Zhu Mingguang , Jin Yulong , Wang Zhuo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBacterial biofilms often lead to persistent infections because they provide a protective barrier and reproductive microenvironment for bacteria. Biofilms reduce the therapeutic effects of antibiotics and can easily lead to the emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria. Therefore, development of new materials for antibiofilm with synergistic effects is crucial. In this study, positively charged near‐infrared‐responsive nanoparticles (TDPPB) are synthesized to control the release and delivery of nitric oxide (NO) gas. A combination of NO and photothermal therapy (PTT) is used to enhance the antibiofilm performance of TDPPB. The positive charge of TDPPB induces the nanoparticles to adhere to the surface of the bacteria. Through 808 nm laser irradiation, the local high temperature triggers the efficient release of NO from the NO donor (BNN 6) in TDPPB. TDPPB integrates the release of NO, and PTT presents good antibiofilm activity against MRSA and Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilms. TDPPB demonstrates excellent biosafety both in vivo and in vitro, shows good antibiofilm properties in biofilm‐infected mice, and promotes the healing of surface‐infected sites in vivo. Because of these advantages, TDPPB can be used as a potential therapeutic agent against biofilm infections in the biomedical field.
3‐Hydrazinylpyridine Hydrochloride Regulating Crystallization Kinetics of Tin‐Lead Perovskite Prepared by Two‐Step Method
Authors: Zheng Fei , Yang Na , Li Shiqi , Xue Xiangyu , Ren Jingkun , Hao Yuying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSn/Pb perovskite is an attractive photovoltaic material due to its low toxicity and ideal bandgap. However, the performance of Sn/Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is lower than its Pb‐based counterpart. The main reason originates from the poor crystallinity of Sn/Pb perovskite film. To solve this problem, the crystallization kinetics of Sn/Pb perovskite prepared by the two‐step method is deeply explored and proposed an effective additive of 3‐Hydrazinylpyridine Hydrochloride (3‐HH) to regulate the crystallization process of Sn/Pb perovskite. The results indicate 3‐HH additive promotes fast nucleation, delays the formation and growth of perovskite microcrystals, balances the crystallization rate of Sn/Pb phase perovskite in the initial stage, and then accelerates perovskite microcrystal coalescence in the later stage. Furthermore, the perovskite surface is ameliorated by 3‐HH post‐treatment and a more matched energy level arrangement is attained. Simultaneously, 3‐HH doping and/or post‐treatment passivates perovskite defects and suppresses the oxidation of Sn2+. Benefiting from these effects of 3‐HH, the device with 3‐HH doping and post‐treatment obtains a PCE of 18.329%, which is higher than that of the control device (16.362%). The unencapsulated PSCs with 3‐HH‐modification retain 85% PCE after stored in the glove box for 1500 h, while the control device keeps only 66% PCE.
Lattice Distortion Enhanced Hardness in High‐Entropy Borides
Authors: Liu Yiwen , Ma Mengdong , Wang Wu , Tang Haifeng , Yu Hulei , Zhuang Lei , Xie Pingbo , Chu Yanhui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRevealing the hardening mechanisms is crucial for facilitating the design of superhard high‐entropy borides. Taking high‐entropy diborides (HEB2) as the prototype, the hardening mechanisms of high‐entropy borides are thoroughly investigated. Specifically, the equiatomic 4—9‐cation single‐phase HEB2 ceramics (4—9HEB2) are fabricated by an ultra‐fast high‐temperature sintering method. The experimental results show that the hardness of the as‐fabricated 4—9HEB2 samples has an increasing tendency with the increase of metal components. With a combination of first‐principles calculations, machine‐learning‐potential‐based molecular dynamics simulations, and scanning transmission electron microscopy characterizations, lattice distortion is explicitly identified to be essential in hardening HEB2 by increasing strain field fluctuation, enlarging atomic strain energy, and strengthening B─B bonds. The results unravel the hardening mechanisms of HEB2 by intensifying lattice distortion, providing fascinating guidance for developing superhard high‐entropy borides.
Engineered Cardiac Tissues as a Platform for CRISPR‐Based Mitogen Discovery
Authors: DeLuca Sophia , Strash Nicholas , Chen Yifan , Patsy Marisa , Myers Ashley , Tejeda Libertad , Broders Sarah , Miranda Amber , Jiang Xixian , Bursac Nenad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImproved understanding of cardiomyocyte (CM) cell cycle regulation may allow researchers to stimulate pro‐regenerative effects in injured hearts or promote maturation of human stem cell‐derived CMs. Gene therapies, in particular, hold promise to induce controlled proliferation of endogenous or transplanted CMs via transient activation of mitogenic processes. Methods to identify and characterize candidate cardiac mitogens in vitro can accelerate translational efforts and contribute to the understanding of the complex regulatory landscape of CM proliferation and postnatal maturation. In this study, A CRISPR knockout‐based screening strategy using in vitro neonatal rat ventricular myocyte (NRVM) monolayers is established, followed by candidate mitogen validation in mature 3‐D engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs). This screen identified knockout of the purine metabolism enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA‐KO) as an effective pro‐mitogenic stimulus. RNA‐sequencing of ECTs further reveals increased pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity as the primary driver of ADA‐KO‐induced CM cycling. Inhibition of the pathway's rate limiting enzyme, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), prevented ADA‐KO induced CM cycling, while increasing PPP activity via G6PD overexpression increased CM cycling. Together, this study demonstrates the development and application of a genetic/tissue engineering platform for in vitro discovery and validation of new candidate mitogens affecting regenerative or maturation states of cardiomyocytes.
Ether‐Modified Nonflammable Phosphate Enabling Anion‐Rich Electrolyte for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Yuankun , Zheng Chunyu , Xie Weiwei , Liu Xiaomeng , Lu Yong , Hou Yunpeng , Ma Tao , Yan Zhenhua , Chen Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhosphate‐based localized high‐concentration electrolytes (LHCE) feature high flame retardant and satisfactory cathodic stability for lithium metal batteries. However, stable cycling of those electrolytes at ultra‐high upper cut‐off voltages for long‐term stability remains challenging. Herein, an ether‐modified phosphate, diethyl (2‐methoxy ethoxy) methylphosphonate (DMEP), is designed for high‐voltage applications. The ether modification enhances the stability of the Li+‐DMEP‐FSI− coordination structure, promoting the formation of cation‐anion aggregates (AGG) dominated solvation structure, which favors the generation of LiF‐rich cathode electrolyte interphase layers compared to triethyl phosphate (TEP)‐based LHCE. Consequently, cathode degradation, including transition‐metal dissolution and electrode cracking, is well‐suppressed. The LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811)||Li full cells using DMEP‐based LHCEs show more than 90.7% capacity retention at an ultrahigh upper cut‐off voltage of 4.7 V after 100 cycles. Notably, DMEP‐LHCE exhibits enhanced safety than that of TEP‐LHCE, suggesting its versatility and potential for next‐generation lithium metal batteries.
Multifunctional Neural Probes Enable Bidirectional Electrical, Optical, and Chemical Recording and Stimulation In Vivo
Authors: Driscoll Nicolette , Antonini Marc‐Joseph , Cannon Taylor M. , Maretich Pema , Olaitan Greatness , Van Valerie Doan Phi , Nagao Keisuke , Sahasrabudhe Atharva , Paniagua Emmanuel Vargas , Frey Ethan J. , Kim Ye Ji , Hunt Sydney , Hummel Melissa , Mupparaju Sanju , Jasanoff Alan , Venton B. Jill , Anikeeva Polina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecording and modulation of neuronal activity enables the study of brain function in health and disease. While translational neuroscience relies on electrical recording and modulation techniques, mechanistic studies in rodent models leverage genetic precision of optical methods, such as optogenetics and fluorescent indicator imaging. In addition to electrical signal transduction, neurons produce and receive diverse chemical signals which motivate tools to probe and modulate neurochemistry. Although the past decade has delivered a wealth of technologies for electrophysiology, optogenetics, chemical sensing, and optical recording, combining these modalities within a single platform remains challenging. This work leverages materials selection and convergence fiber drawing to permit neural recording, electrical stimulation, optogenetics, fiber photometry, drug and gene delivery, and voltammetric recording of neurotransmitters within individual fibers. Composed of polymers and non‐magnetic carbon‐based conductors, these fibers are compatible with magnetic resonance imaging, enabling concurrent stimulation and whole‐brain monitoring. Their utility is demonstrated in studies of the mesolimbic reward pathway by interfacing with the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens in mice and characterizing the neurophysiological effects of a stimulant drug. This study highlights the potential of these fibers to probe electrical, optical, and chemical signaling across multiple brain regions in both mechanistic and translational studies.
All‐In‐One Epoxy/MXene Nanocomposites with Bead‐Type Polymeric Imidazole Latent Curing Agent for Enhancing Storage Stability and Flame Retardancy
Authors: Jung Sungmin , Kim Yoon Sang , Kim Young Nam , Jeong Seunghwan , Naqvi Shabbir Madad , Hassan Tufail , Narayanasamy Mugilan , Cho Sooyeong , Jung Yong Chae , Kim Jaewoo , Koo Chong Min 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping a single‐component epoxy system is challenging but crucial for advanced thermoset applications. Unfortunately, conventional latent curing agents using chemical or physical passivation do not provide satisfactory storage stability and the necessary property requirements. Here, it is demonstrated that all‐in‐one epoxy/MXene nanocomposite system, comprising epoxy resin, polymeric imidazole latent curing agent beads (PILCAB), and Ti3C2Tx MXene, exhibits excellent storage stability, improved flame retardancy, and enhanced mechanical strength. PILCABs, prepared through a Diels–Alder (DA) crosslinking reaction between furan groups of poly(imidazolyl methacrylate)‐random poly (furfuryl methacrylate) (PIm‐r‐PFu) copolymer and bismaleimide (BMI), exhibit excellent storage stability, as stable as under 60 °C storage due to the imidazole reactivity being suppressed synergistically by both physical and chemical passivation mechanisms. Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes, surface‐functionalized with alkylated 3,4‐dihydroxyl‐L‐phenylalanine, exhibit excellent compatibility with the epoxy matrix. Consequently, the enhanced storage stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical strength of the all‐in‐one epoxy/MXene nanocomposite are attributed to the strong DA bond formation in latent curing agent, efficient charring capability of MXene and BMI, and the catalytic effect of the MXene. This study opens new avenues for designing and developing single‐component epoxy systems that satisfy demanding requirements, including storage stability, mechanical strength, and flame retardancy, which are essential for practical applications.
Dynamic Transition Metal Network via Orbital Population Design Stabilizes Lattice Oxygen Redox in Stoichiometric Layered Cathodes
Authors: Gao Ang , Li Xinyan , Zhang Qinghua , Lin Ting , Wang Yichi , Chen Yujie , Lin Weiguang , Wang Shiyu , Ji Pengxiang , Luo Zhu , Wang Jinlong , Guo Yanbing , Gu Lin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLi‐ion batteries employing stoichiometric layered Li metal oxides as cathodes are now reaching the energy density limits due to single cationic redox chemistry. Lattice oxygen redox (LOR) has been discovered in these materials, as a high‐energy‐density paradigm observed in Li‐rich materials. Nevertheless, the origin of this process is not understood, preventing the rational design of better cathode materials. Here, employing stoichiometric Ni‐based cathodes, it is demonstrated that LOR originates from a dynamic transition metal (TM) network caused by ion migration during the electrochemical process. This network is confirmed to be ribbon through both ex‐ and in‐situ STEM observations, facilitating reversible LOR. Finally, a t2g orbital population rule is proposed to guide the design of ordered TM networks, supported by calculated structures and the synthesized ordered TM oxides reported. This work explains the mechanism of LOR in stoichiometric layered cathode materials, and sets a promising direction for the design of high‐energy‐density cathodes through the regulation of TM ordering.
Additive‐Driven Enhancement of Crystallization: Strategies and Prospects for Boosting Photoluminescence Quantum Yields in Halide Perovskite Films for Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Shiheng , Sun Xianglong , Shi Jiantao , Zhao Rudai , Zhang Baowei , Lu Siyu , Li Pengwei , Li Fengyu , Manna Liberato , Zhang Yiqiang , Song Yanlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHalide perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) hold great potential for applications in displays and lighting. To enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of PeLEDs, it is crucial to boost the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the perovskite films. The use of additives has emerged as a powerful chemical strategy to control the crystallization process in solution‐processed perovskite films. The different types of additives that can be used reflect the various types of chemical interactions with the perovskite materials, influencing their crystallization process in various possible ways. Understanding the relationship between these chemical interactions and their impact on the crystallization process is a key step for designing emitters with improved PLQY and devices with superior EQE. Following the logic chain of additive–perovskite interactions, impacts on crystallization, and subsequent enhancement of PLQY and EQE, this review discusses how additives play a pivotal role in influencing the crystallization process to enhance the PLQY of the perovskite films. Furthermore, this assessment addresses the open challenges and outlines future prospects for the development of PeLEDs.
pH‐Tunable 3D Interconnected Network of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes /Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogel with Excellent Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding Capability
Authors: Thi Quyen Vu , Ryu Jungju , Hong Junpyo , Koo Chong Min , Enyi Ye , Sohn Daewon , Truong Vinh Xuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe fabrication of durable and high anticorrosion hydrogel composite materials composed of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) and crosslinked polyacrylic acid (PAA) for EMI shielding application is reported. The MCNTs contribute to the generation of 3D porous structures and enhance the mechanical properties of composite hydrogel. The 3D porous structure and high electrical conductivity inherited from ultrahigh electrically conductive MCNTs enable excellent EMI shielding properties with a total shielding efficiency EMI SE (SET) value of 32.8 dB (>99.9%) at only 3 wt% filler content of MCNTs. The MCNTs/PAA hydrogels also display superior EMI shielding performance under a strong acidic environment with SET > 99.99% while the 3D porous structure remained intact. The combination of electron–ion system in pH solution enriches the charge transfer and accumulation, enabling dipole orientation and polarization that are favorable for enhancing EMI attenuation. Moreover, the porous structure of MCNTs/PAA also contributes to partial trapping and dissipation of EM radiation energy via multiple scattering phenomena. This work thus paves the way toward applications of 3D hierarchical network materials for EMI shielding applications in both land and aqueous environments.
Improved Verilog‐A Based Artificial Neural Network Modeling Applied to GaN HEMTs
Authors: Jarndal Anwar , Ansari Md Hasnain , Dautov Kassen , Almajali Eqab , Chauhan Yogesh Singh , Majzoub Sohaib , Mahmoud Soliman A. , Bonny Talal 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach to implementing an artificial neural network (ANN) model for simulating high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) in Keysight ADS through integrating Verilog‐A coding. It streamlines the realization of ANN models characterized by diverse complexities and layer structures. The proposed method is demonstrated by developing nonlinear models for GaN HEMT on two distinct substrates. GaN‐on‐Si and GaN‐on‐SiC with respective and gate widths are characterized by S‐parameters at a grid of gate and drain bias conditions. The intrinsic gate capacitance and conductances are extracted from the de‐embedded S‐parameters, which are then integrated to find the gate charges and currents. The drain current with the inherent self‐heating and trapping effects is modeled based on the pulsed IV measurement at well‐defined quiescent voltages. Subsequently, the related ANN models of these nonlinear elements are interconnected to form the intrinsic part of the large‐signal model. This intrinsic part with all ANN sub‐models is then completely implemented using a Verilog‐A‐based code. The whole ANN large‐signal model is then validated by single‐ and two‐tone radio frequency large‐signal measurements, which shows a perfect fitting with a high convergence rate. The overall simulation time is five times reduced when the developed Verilog‐A‐based ANN is used instead of the table‐based model. Overall, the large‐signal Verilog‐A‐based ANN model exhibits an improved performance enhancement compared to the conventional table‐based models. This indicates the practical viability of the Verilog‐A integration technique in modeling the nonlinear GaN HEMTs.
A Framework to Compute Resonances Arising from Multiple Scattering
Authors: Fischbach Jan David , Betz Fridtjof , Asadova Nigar , Tassan Pietro , Urbonas Darius , Stöferle Thilo , Mahrt Rainer F. , Burger Sven , Rockstuhl Carsten , Binkowski Felix , Sturges Thomas Jebb 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNumerous natural and technological phenomena are governed by resonances. In nanophotonics, resonances often result from the interaction of several optical elements. Controlling these resonances is an excellent opportunity to provide light with properties on demand for applications ranging from sensing to quantum technologies. The inverse design of large, distributed resonators, however, is typically challenged by high computational costs when discretizing the entire system in space. Here, this limitation is overcome by harnessing prior knowledge about the individual scatterers that form the resonator and their interaction. In particular, a transition matrix multi‐scattering framework is coupled with the state‐of‐the‐art adaptive Antoulas–Anderson (AAA) algorithm to identify complex poles of the optical response function. A sample refinement strategy suitable for accurately locating a large number of poles is introduced. The AAA algorithm is tied into an automatic differentiation framework to efficiently differentiate multi‐scattering resonance calculations. The resulting resonance solver allows for efficient gradient‐based optimization, demonstrated here by the inverse design of an integrated exciton‐polariton cavity. This contribution serves as an important step towards efficient resonance calculations in a variety of multi‐scattering scenarios, such as inclusions in stratified media, periodic lattices, and scatterers with arbitrary shapes.