bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disappearance of Factor V Activity after Incubation of Plasma with Heparin and Heparinoids
Authors: Holemans R , Vermylen C , Verstraete M 
Published: June 2018

Summary1. Heparin and heparinoids, added to oxalated or citrated plasma produce in this plasma an inactivation of factor V; this inactivation is progressive and directly related to the length of incubation.The rate of inactivation of factor V is directly proportional to the quantity of anticoagulant added.2. When quantities with identical anticoagulant activity in the thromboplastin-calcium clotting time are compared, heparin proves to have a stronger effect than heparinoids.3. The inactvation of factor V in plasma by heparin or heparinoïds is an irreversible process, which cannot be nullified by addition of protamine sulphate.
“… all spirits, and are melted into air, into thin air”
Authors: Alexander Marc , Kay Christian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article uses data from Mapping metaphor with the Historical thesaurus to describe conceptual connections between the supernatural and other areas of the lexicon across the history of English. By discussing the cases of angels and evil in some detail, we also argue that the data and worldview presented here about the spirit world challenge the conventional concrete/abstract division found in metaphor theory, and propose an alternative.
Conservatism and innovation in Anglo-Saxon scribal practice
Authors: Wallis Christine 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The text of the Old English Bede found in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS. 41 (B) is remarkable for its extensively updated language, when compared with other, earlier Bede manuscripts. This paper compares B with other manuscripts of the Bede to uncover some of the scribal decisions which shape the surviving text. B’s text is subject to many alterations, indicating a translator scribe who frequently updated and altered the language of his exemplar (i.e. the manuscript from which he copied to produce the present text). However, the presence of a number of nonsensical readings points to a scribe who sometimes struggled to make sense of the text in front of him and whose abilities did not extend far enough to create a good reading in the face of these difficulties. These scribal decisions allow us to identify factors which influenced the shape of B’s text, such as the interplay between B’s now-lost exemplar and its scribes’ working methods. Careful analysis of some of B’s linguistic features enables us to draw conclusions about the age and status of its exemplar and to recover some part of a lost Bede manuscript.
Improvement of Refractory Peripheral Edema With Multilayered Compression Bandaging: A Case Report
Authors: Tennison Jegy M , Fu Jack B , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Lower extremity edema, which can be caused by several factors, is often poorly managed with commonly prescribed compression stockings and diuretics. Diuretics are often erroneously given in all forms of edema and may cause problems because their long-term application may induce chronicity of the edema due to disturbance of the renin-angiotensin relationship. Compression therapy, although effective against venous edema, is widely underused.

Case Description
A 64-year-old man with a history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, psoriasis, and multiple myeloma was admitted to the hospital for neutropenic fever, right lower extremity (RLE) cellulitis, bilateral lower extremity (BLE) weakness, RLE pain, and significant BLE edema. The patient was referred to a lymphedema-certified therapist to apply lower extremity multilayered compression bandaging and document serial limb circumference measurements.

Outcomes
The patient's weight decreased from 94.5 kg on day 1 of compression bandaging to 86.3 kg on day 7. The circumferences of the affected limbs also decreased.

Discussion
This case demonstrates the utility of multilayered compression bandaging, typically used in the management of lymphedema, in the control of peripheral edema that is refractory to diuretic therapy.
Miniature Negative Pressure Dressings on Forearm Donor Sites after Radial Forearm Flap Harvest
Authors: Ray Edward , Mitchell Stuart L. , Cordeiro Peter G. 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
Management of radial forearm donor sites following free flap reconstruction of head and neck tumor defects typically requires split-thickness skin grafting. Tendon exposure and delayed healing are occasional problems associated with skin grafting over the distal forearm musculature. Others have reported the use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) devices to bolster split-thickness grafts and improve graft take. Although this approach works well, these devices are not always approved by third-party payers for outpatient use, requiring patients to remain in the hospital or have these devices removed before discharge. The authors report outcomes using a miniaturized NPWT device to bolster the skin graft on radial forearm free flap donor sites in 10 consecutive patients compared with 10 consecutive control patients managed with traditional bolster dressings. The 2 groups of patients were similar in terms of demographics, indication for reconstruction, and size of donor site. There was less skin graft loss and a lower rate of tendon exposure and infection in the miniaturized NPWT device group, though these results did not reach statistical significance. Recently developed miniaturized, single-use NPWT devices can be reliably used as bolsters for skin grafts with some notable advantages over reusable NPWT devices.
Do Antiepileptic Drugs Used During Electroconvulsive Therapy Impact Treatment Process?
Authors: Ak Sertaç , Yalçin Nadir 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Purpose
Whether the antiepileptic agents used by patients before the treatment should be discontinued after the initiation of the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is one of the most effective treatment options in psychiatry, is a dilemma frequently faced by clinicians. Recently, there has been an increased interest in this subject. This study aimed to determine the impact of antiepileptic agents on ECT process in the event of continued use in the course of the therapy.

Methods
From among the patients on an ECT therapy in the Psychiatry Clinic of Hacettepe University Hospital since 2010, a total of 39 patients who continued to use the antiepileptic agent they were taking prior to the ECT therapy were determined and included in the study. As for the control group, on the list of ECT patients, the 39 patients coming immediately after the patients using antiepileptics were taken up in the study. The patients using antiepileptics were compared with the control subjects on the basis of their sociodemographic characteristics, number of active sessions, energy levels of the past seizures, seizure durations, some clinical outcomes, and characteristics of the first and the last seizures.

Results
There were no differences between the control subjects and those using the antiepileptics in terms of average age, body mass index, Clinical Global Impression scores, and sex distribution. Energy levels required to induce the first and the last seizures and total amounts of energy used in active seizures were significantly higher in patients taking the antiepileptics than the control group. Besides, the durations of the first peripheral and central seizures were significantly less in patients using the antiepileptics as compared with the control subjects. When sociodemographic variables and numeric data about the seizures were brought into the equation in the binary logistic regression analysis for determination of being included in either the group of patients taking antiepileptics or the control group, the only meaningful variable was found to be “duration of the first central seizure.”

Conclusions
Continued use of the antiepileptics during ECT by the patients to undergo ECT may lead to an increased dose of energy to be used during the therapy. When all variables are taken into consideration, it was determined that the use of antiepileptic significantly shortened purely the duration of the first seizure. In the light of the present results, it does not seem meaningful to suggest as a conclusive requirement to discontinue the antiepileptics used before ECT prior to the commencement thereof.
Comparison of Postoperative Pain in Patients Following Transcanal Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Ear Surgery
Authors: Kakehata Seiji , Furukawa Takatoshi , Ito Tsukasa , Kubota Toshinori , Futai Kazunori , Watanabe Tomoo 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
To compare levels and causes of postoperative pain after cholesteatoma removal by transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) versus microscopic ear surgery (MES).

Study Design:
Prospective case series.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
One-hundred-and-sixty-one patients who had undergone middle ear surgery between February 2013 and April 2016.

Interventions:
Comparison of postoperative pain between TEES and MES groups and among TEES and MES subgroups divided by range of bone removal.

Main Outcome Measures:
Two parameters were used to assess postoperative pain: a pain numeric rating scale (NRS) and number of times a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was taken from postoperative days (PODs) 1 to 7. We also examined the primary factor behind postoperative pain looking at: 1) the surgical incision; 2) bone removal; and 3) number of involved middle ear regions.

Results:
One-hundred-and-six patients underwent TEES and 55 underwent MES. The mean pain NRS for the 7-day postoperative period was significantly lower for the TEES group (1.1) than the MES group (2.8) (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U test). The number of times a NSAID was taken was lower for the TEES group (1.3 pills/wk) than the MES group (5.5 pills/wk) (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U test). The mean pain NRS of the TEES and MES subgroups also suggests that extent of bone removal or number of involved middle regions was less important in causing postoperative pain than presence or absence of the retroauricular incision.

Conclusions:
TEES is associated with lower postoperative pain and lower use of NSAIDs compared with MES patients.
Spexin Modulates Functions of Rat Endocrine Pancreatic Cells
Authors: Sassek Maciej , Kolodziejski Pawel A. , Strowski Mathias Z. , Nogowski Leszek , Nowak Krzysztof W. , Mackowiak Pawel 
Published: June 2018

Objectives
Spexin is a peptide whose action is poorly understood but which is expressed in many tissues. This encouraged us to investigate the potential role of spexin in the regulation of pancreatic secretion.

Methods
Cells/islets were incubated with different concentrations of glucose and spexin to measure insulin secretion. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays and BrdU (5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine) tests were performed to assess the viability and proliferation of pancreatic islets after spexin treatment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect messenger RNA expression for insulin, insulin receptor, and Pdx (pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1).

Results
Insulin secretion from cultured cells and isolated islets was reduced by spexin at 16 mM glucose level. In obese rats, insulin secretion was decreased after injection with spexin. Spexin treatment showed an increase in cultured cells and pancreatic islets cell viability and proliferation as well as an increase in proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein level. In contrast, a decrease in insulin and Pdx gene expression was found.

Conclusions
The effects of spexin on insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo and also on cells viability and proliferation confirm that this peptide may be strongly involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes or its recovery.
Transport and Turmoil: The turbulent racial history of transport in New Orleans
Authors: McLaughlin-Stonham Hilary 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Race and transportation have long been interwoven in New Orleans. Yet while other states across the south responded to growing white supremacist ideology by passing Jim Crow segregation laws, Louisiana did not legislate against its black population until 1890. Conflict arising from segregated transit ensured that transport has always held a contentious place in race relations in Louisiana particularly in its largest city of New Orleans. In 2014 the advocacy group Ride New Orleans published a startling analysis of transport since Hurricane Katrina devastated the streetcar and bus network. The results identified a significant racial disparity in the level of transport provided for white and non-white residential areas in the city. Such reports echo the city’s discriminative past and are indicative of a return to racially motivated transport policies placing African Americans in a position of conflict with the state. This article explores past policies and motivation for segregated transport in late nineteenth-century Louisiana and the environment in which the Separate Car Act (1890) became lasting legislation. With a particular focus on New Orleans the growth of white supremacy is examined to show how it garnered support for legal segregation in a city that was previously integrated de jure.
Reviews
Authors: Brauner David , Case Emalani , Cran Rona , Docherty Michael , Earle Harriet , Green Fiona , Phillips Ruth , Porter Joy , Speers Laura 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
States of Trial: Manhood in Philip Roth’s Post-War America, Ann Basu (2015) New York and London: Bloomsbury, 198 pp., ISBN: 9781501320422, p/bk, £28.79
The Power of the Steel-Tipped Pen: Reconstructing Native Hawaiian Intellectual History, Noenoe K. Silva (2017) Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 270 pp., ISBN: 9780822363682, p/bk, $25.95, £19.99
Life and Death on the New York Dancefloor, 1980–1983, Tim Lawrence (2016) Durham: Duke University Press, 578 pp., ISBN: 9780822362029, p/bk, £20.99
Postmodern Suburban Spaces: Philosophy, Ethics, and Community in post-war American Fiction, Joseph George (2016) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 206 pp., ISBN: 9783319410050, h/bk, £67.99
Disability in Comic Books and Graphic Narratives, Zach Whalen, Chris Foss and Jonat han Grey (eds) (2016) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 236 pp., ISBN: 9781137501103, h/bk, £79.99
Our Emily Dickinsons: American Women Poets and the Intimacies of Difference, Vivian R. Pollak (2017) Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 355 pp., ISBN: 978-0-8122-4844-9, h/bk, $55.00
Art for an Undivided Earth: The American Indian Movement Generation, Jessica L. Horton (2017) Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 296 pp., ISBN: 9780822369547, p/bk, $26.95
Thundersticks: Firearms and the Violent Transformation of Native America, David J. Silverman (2016) Cambridge, MA and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, ix + 354 pp., ISBN: 9780674737471, h/bk, $29.95
Hip-Hop Headphones: A Scholar’s Critical Playlist, James Braxton Peterson (2016) New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic, 224 pp., ISBN: 9781501308260, p/bk, £23.99
‘The Beast Below’: Doctor Who and the popular negotiation of constitutional values
Authors: Yuratich David 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Doctor’s adventures frequently see him explore worlds with problems that are not dissimilar to those facing contemporary society. As a result, Doctor Who (1963–89, 1996, 2005–present) often provides and invites political critique. In contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to how the programme provides and invites legal discussion, even though the law is rarely absent from the Doctor’s adventures. This article seeks to close this gap by examining the constitutional law message contained within the 2010 episode ‘The Beast Below’. In this episode, the Doctor and Amy Pond must solve a dilemma which involves secretive and state-sponsored torture; this evokes broader constitutional law debates around the roles of law and politics in securing and enforcing human rights. By showing the limits of the Doctor’s interventions, the episode casts doubt on the appropriateness of the judiciary in establishing the scope of human rights. It endorses a political model of constitutionalism directing that citizens must play an active role in the contestation of executive power, so that constitutional constraints are ultimately negotiated and articulated by the public rather than by elites. By offering this reading, it is hoped that Doctor Who, and science fiction television more widely, can be appreciated as a constitutional text and a forum for constitutional discussion.
Issues of Legal Regulation of the Executive Authority in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Foreign Countries
Authors: KOZHAKHMETOV Galym , KUANALEEVA Guldana , NURZHAN Saulen 
Published: June 2018

This article consecrates topical issues of executive power, which points to one of the most acute problems of world society. The executive branch is recognized as one of the three branches of the unified state power by the current constitutional doctrine and practice of the Republic of Kazakhstan - a unitary state with a presidential form of government. The process of management constant development has a direct impact on the system of executive power and the structure of individual executive bodies, generates the demand for an in-depth analysis of this influence, its consideration in the creation and functioning of an integral, rational, effective state mechanism.
In order to create a modern complex theoretical vision for the scientific legal foundations of a strong and effective executive branch operating in the public system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is established as a democratic, legal, social and secular state, the highest value of which is a human, his rights and freedoms, in this study are considered the theoretical concepts, practical aspects of the concept and executive power place as a full-fledged element of the state - the object of the constitutional, administrative and legal sanctions; system, structure, legal and organizational forms of executive bodiesactivity; as well as the main problems of legislative regulation, further construction and functioning of the executive power in Kazakhstan.Recommendations and proposals have been developed to improve a number of legal measures for the executive power enhancement. The analysis of the main historical studies that explain the nature of executive power in foreign countries and in Kazakhstan and its main role in the development of the state and law is carried out.
A várandós nő parodontalis egészségi állapota és a terhességi komplikációk közötti kapcsolat
Authors: Gera István 
Published: June 2018

Abstract: Data from epidemiological and clinical studies published in the past two decades indicate certain association between periodontal disease and increased risk for preterm birth or low birth weight. Although the strength of those observed associations is weak, periodontitis today is considered as one of the potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aims of the publication are to summarize the epidemiological and clinical evidence for the impact of periodontal disease on adverse pregnancy outcomes and to make an attempt to overview the potential biological mechanism behind this association. The majority of epidemiological and clinical studies found certain negative effect of poor maternal periodontal condition on the incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, pre-eclampsy, restricted foetal growth or even stillbirth. Two possible biological pathways have so far been identified: 1) the direct dissemination of the periodontal pathogens or their toxic by-products which reach the foetal-placental unit, and 2) an indirect mechanism when the circulating systemic inflammatory mediators induced by the periodontal inflammation can provoke secondary inflammation and foetal damage in the amnion. The periodontal therapy applied during the second or third trimesters has not been proven to reduce the incidence of any adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. A much more prophylaxis-oriented approach in periodontal treatment is needed. The adequate periodontal therapy should be completed before the conception to provide benefit to the pregnant women and also the new born baby. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 999–1007.
Sistem Pengukur Tinggi dan Berat Badan berbasis Morphological Image Processing
Authors: AULIA SUCI , SATRIA FAJRI EKA , ATMAJA RATRI DWI 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRAKPengukuran tinggi dan berat badan manusia sekarang ini masih bersifat manual sehingga kurang efisien jika dilakukan untuk kebutuhan dengan jumlah objek yang banyak. Sebagai solusi, pada penelitian ini telah dirancang suatu sistem untuk mengukur Tinggi Badan (TB) dan Berat Badan (BB) manusia berbasis Morphological Image Processing (MIP). Proses dimulai dengan citra masukan berupa citra digital full body yang dapat diambil dengan smartphone kemudian dilanjutkan dengan operasi MIP terdiri dari proses dilasi, filling dan labeling. Hasil dari MIP adalah jumlah piksel tinggi objek yang dikonversi menjadi TB (cm). Sedangkan perhitungan BB (kg) diperoleh dari luas permukaan tubuh objek berbasis BSA dengan memodelkan ke bentuk tabung elips. Dari hasil pengujian, diperoleh performansi sistem maksimum yaitu Approximate Value 98.42% untuk TB dan 94.4% untuk BB. Nilai tersebut diperoleh dengan parameter nilai jarak pengambilan 306 cm dan strel (structure element) pada MIP adalah 2.Kata kunci: tinggi badan, berat badan, BSA, morphological image processing ABSTRACTMeasurement of human height and weight are still performed manual today so it have not efficiency if conducted to many objects. As a solution, this research has designed a system for measuring the human body height and weight based on morphological image processing (MIP). The process was started with an input image of a full body digital image that retrieved with a smartphone followed by a MIP operation consisting of dilation, filling, and labeling. The result of MIP is the number of high pixels of objects converted to height in cm. While weight calculation has been obtained from surface area of body object based on BSA by modelling it to ellipse tube. The system performance is obtained at maximum Approximate Value of 98.42% for height and 94.4% for weight. That value was obtained with 306 cm distance and 2 stucture element size of MIP. Keywords: height, weight, BSA, morphological image processing
Scaling analysis of core pressure drop in reduced height integral test facility
Authors: Ju P. , Long B. , Li L. , Su Q. , Wu X. , Lu D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Integral test plays essential role to assess the design of the emergency cooling system of nuclear reactors. Different from full height integral test facilities, reduced height integral test facilities have new problems on the pressure drop scaling. This paper mainly focuses on scaling of pressure drop across the core as it is the major pressure drop in primary loop. The analysis of pressure drop across the core has been divided into three terms and each term has been discussed separately based on two conditions: the normal operation condition and natural circulation condition. After that, the total pressure drop ratios under these two conditions have been discussed.