bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple, direct amplification of RNA‐containing paper discs for diagnosing the hepatitis C virus
Authors: Chu Daehyun , Oh Yoon‐Hee , Sung Heungsup , Ko Dae‐Hyun , Oh Heung‐Bum , Hwang Sang‐Hyun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNucleic acid extraction (NAE) is crucial for molecular diagnostics but presents challenges in point‐of‐care testing (POCT) and decentralized settings. We developed a streamlined, paper‐based NAE method for hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA amplification, suitable for integration into POCT and lab‐on‐a‐chip systems. This method uses Fusion 5 paper discs, completing extraction in under 30 min without centrifugation. The nucleic acids on the disc can be directly used or eluted for amplification. We validated this method's compatibility with reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), real‐time quantitative PCR (RQ‐PCR), and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), demonstrating versatility across amplification platforms. Clinical evaluation (n = 60) showed 100% sensitivity and specificity with a low detection limit of ~101 IU/mL. Results matched those from standard HCV RQ‐PCR, confirming accuracy. Additionally, incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG) improves extraction efficiency, eliminating the need for ethanol treatment and washing/drying steps. This modification enhances performance and suitability for field applications. Our paper‐based HCV amplification is affordable and user‐friendly, making it valuable for decentralized HCV detection and supporting global health initiatives.
Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation Under CMIP6 Scenarios Projections Over Central Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Zhou Lulu , Peng Shilei , Liao Renjun , Mihara Kunihito , Kuramochi Kanta , Toma Yo , Hatano Ryusuke 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTClimate extreme events are intensifying globally, posing increasing risks across various sectors. Understanding climate extremes' spatiotemporal patterns and responses to climate change is crucial for effective management, especially on a regional scale. This study examines temperature and precipitation extremes, as well as compound dry‐hot events (CDHEs), in the Ishikari River basin (IRB) of Northeastern Japan, an area of significant socioeconomic importance. We focus on spatiotemporal analysis under multiple scenarios of temperature/precipitation extremes and CDHEs based on statistical downscaled datasets from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. Results indicate that IRB underwent increased trends of extreme hot periods, extreme droughts, and heavy rainfalls during 1985–2014, which are significantly affected by the North Pacific Oscillation and Southern Oscillation Index. Future projections show that warming temperatures and less rainfall shift asymmetrical impacts on temperature and precipitation extremes, expecting increased warm spells and CDHEs but increased wet durations and less heavy rainfalls. Emission scenarios analysis suggests low‐emission scenarios (SSP1‐2.6) could mitigate their exacerbations, especially for CDHEs (decreased by 139%). Moreover, spatial‐pattern analysis reveals regional heterogeneity in temperature and precipitation extremes, with northern mountainous regions more susceptible to thermal extremes and southern plain regions (e.g., Sapporo city) experiencing prolonged drought and CDHEs. This study provides valuable insights into climate risk management and adaptation strategies.
Attenuation of high‐fat diet‐induced weight gain by apolipoprotein A4
Authors: Kuo Hsuan‐Chih N. , LaRussa Zachary , Xu Flora Mengyang , Consitt Leslie A. , Liu Min , Davidson W. Sean , Puri Vishwajeet , Coschigano Karen T. , Shi Haifei , Lo Chunmin C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveApolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) is synthesized by the small intestine in response to dietary lipids. Chronic exposure to a high‐fat diet (HFD) desensitizes lipid‐induced APOA4 production and attenuates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. We hypothesized that exogenous APOA4 could increase BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure in HFD‐fed mice, resulting in decreased obesity and improved glucose tolerance.MethodsBAT and inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) thermogenesis, body composition, energy intake and expenditure, and locomotor activity were measured using an infrared camera, immunoblots, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, and a comprehensive lab animal monitoring system. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis were assayed.ResultsMice receiving continuous infusion of APOA4 for the last 4 weeks of 10 weeks of HFD feeding gained no additional body weight and had reduced fat mass but enhanced BAT and IWAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure, despite unaltered food intake and locomotor activity. Additionally, APOA4 infusion elevated fatty acid β oxidation; decreased lipogenesis, lipid accumulation, and steatosis in liver; and improved glucose tolerance.ConclusionsMaintenance of plasma APOA4 via exogenous APOA4 protein parallels elevation of BAT and IWAT thermogenesis, hepatic fatty acid β oxidation, and overall energy expenditure, with subsequent prevention of additional weight gain in HFD‐fed obese mice.
A comparison of numerical methods for computing the exact closure for short‐fiber composites
Authors: Mehta Alok , Schneider Matti 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present efficient algorithms for computing fourth‐order fiber orientation tensors associated to the exact closure. Based on quadrature using spherical designs, we investigate Newton's method as well as a fixed point scheme. These methods serve as alternatives to the original approach utilizing elliptic integrals. We compare the convergence behavior and the computational performance of both algorithms.
Fabrication of Antibacterial and Flexible Hydrogels Based on Citric Acid Containing Tannic Acid for Wound Dressing
Authors: Seyedzadeh Zahra Sadat , Sabzevari Alireza , Kabiri Kourosh , Ansari Mojtaba , Eslami Hossein 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this research, a biomonomer based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate, citric acid, and polyethylene glycol (HEMA‐CA‐PEG) was synthesized. After confirming the reaction through 1H‐NMR and FT‐IR tests and obtaining the intended monomer, a flexible hydrogel was synthesized as a wound dressing, and its mechanical properties were evaluated using tensile strength, DMTA, and rheometry tests. This synthesized hydrogel exhibited sufficient mechanical properties. To enhance the efficiency of this hydrogel wound dressing and its effectiveness in facilitating wound healing, tannic acid (TA), as an antibacterial and antioxidant substance, was incorporated into it. In the second phase, antibacterial activity and animal studies were conducted. The comparison of the CA–based hydrogel with and without TA demonstrated that the TA–containing hydrogel achieved more than 99.9% inhibition and elimination of bacteria. The use of CA–based hydrogel with TA shown in treating burns on the backs of rats caused the wound to close after 17 days, and hair growth was observed by the 21st day. This synthesized flexible hydrogel wound dressing, along with suitable mechanical properties, exceptional antibacterial activity, increased granulation tissue formation, re‐epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition, showed good performance in wound healing.
Mechanical properties of a laminated composite of aramid fabric and high‐density polyethylene films reinforced with calcium carbonate, montmorillonite, and graphene
Authors: Junior Celso Roman , Pereira Iaci Miranda , Dias Rafael Rodrigues , Junior Heitor Ornaghi , Romanzini Daiane , Zattera Ademir José 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNanofillers incorporated into polymeric matrices have gained attention for enhancing the properties of materials, particularly nanocomposites, with improvements observed in mechanical and dynamic mechanical thermal properties. Among the nanofillers, calcium carbonate (NCC), montmorillonite‐type clays (MMT), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) are prominent. The novelty of this study lies in investigating the dynamic compression behavior using the split‐Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) method on laminated composites prepared with reinforced High‐density polyethylene (HDPE) films, including the hybrid effect of calcium carbonate with montmorillonite and calcium carbonate with graphene. The objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of incorporating 1% by mass of nanofillers in laminated composites made with aramid fabric interspersed with nanoreinforced HDPE films. The laminated composites were assessed through bending tests, SHPB, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). In addition to the samples containing NCC, MMT, and GNP, hybrid samples were prepared by intercalating films containing each nanofiller. The mechanical properties increased by 44%, 48%, and 55% in flexural strength and 46%, 69%, and 88% in flexural modulus for the composites prepared with calcium carbonate, graphene, and the hybrid graphene/calcium carbonate films, concerning the composite containing HDPE film. Moreover, the samples containing HDPE film with 1% GNP demonstrated a 79% increase in toughness, while the hybrid sample, which contained interspersed films of HDPE with 1% GNP and 1% NCC, exhibited a 46% increase in toughness. These results indicate a superior toughness response under high strain rates, contributing to enhanced energy dissipation. These two samples exhibited highly potential for ballistic industrial applications.Highlights
Laminated composites reinforced with NCC, MMT, and GNP nanofillers.
Mechanical properties of laminated composites assessed using the Split‐Hopkinson pressure bar test and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis.
Impact strength improvement through the incorporation of nanofiller into laminated composites.
Enhanced energy dissipation in laminated composite materials.
Dual Assay Validation of Rosmarinus officinalis Extract as an Inhibitor of SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Protein: Combining Pseudovirus Testing, Yeast Two‐Hybrid, and UPLC‐Q Exactive Orbitrap‐MS Profiling
Authors: Huang Yujing , Luo Rufeng , Tian Chenjing , Zu Duntao , Yang Jianni , Chen Wenlin , Huang Dingqiang , Duan Siyan , Yan Shunxin , Yuan Yujia , Li Shengrong , Zhou Haibo , Lin Fulong , He Qinghui , Zheng Junxia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study evaluates the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) extracts in blocking the interaction between the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein and human ACE2 receptor, utilizing a dual‐method approach to explore the antiviral potential of natural compounds.ObjectivesThis work aims to evaluate the capability of TCM extracts in inhibiting the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein and ACE2 receptor interaction using advanced biochemical assays.MethodsA dual‐method screening approach was utilized, beginning with a pseudovirus assay to assess the inhibition capabilities of TCM extracts in vitro, followed by a split‐ubiquitin yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) system to validate interactions in live cells. Active compounds were characterized and quantified using UPLC‐Q‐Exactive‐Orbitrap‐MS.ResultsAmong the 91 TCM extracts tested, Rosmarinus officinalis exhibited the most potent inhibition in both pseudovirus and Y2H assays, significantly reducing viral entry and disrupting the Spike–ACE2 interaction. Comprehensive chemical profiling via UPLC‐Q‐Exactive‐Orbitrap‐MS identified 132 compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids.ConclusionThis research validates the use of TCM extracts in viral inhibition strategies, demonstrating the utility of integrating traditional remedies with modern scientific approaches to discover new therapeutic agents.
Boosting Cost‐Efficiency in Robotics: A Distributed Computing Approach for Harvesting Robots
Authors: Xie Feng , Li Tao , Feng Qingchun , Zhao Hui , Chen Liping , Zhao Chunjiang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMulti‐arm harvesting robots offer a promising solution to the labor shortage in fruit harvesting, due to their ability to improve harvesting efficiency. However, multi‐arm harvesters necessitate additional visual sensors to acquire distribution information of fruits within larger working spaces. Greater demands are consequently imposed on graphics computation, leading to increased costs in computing hardware of robot system. To balance the graphics computing cost and reduce energy consumption, distributed graphics computation frameworks for multi‐arm robot vision system are proposed in this study. First, a host‐edge framework is proposed to assign the tasks of image inference and depth alignment to host computer and edge computing modules through a decentralized mode of local connection. Moreover, to increase the endurance time of robot in application, the edge computing modules are reduced and the fifth generation mobile communication is integrated into robot graphics computing system to transfer on‐board image processing to a remote computing server with MQTT protocol. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, comprehensive experiments were performed, demonstrating that, compared with traditional computing framework, the proposed local distributed framework reduced 35.6% average time consumption, and over 20 FPS average processing speed can be achieve. The remote distributed framework has reduced the computational power consumption of the on‐board system by approximately 23.1% while ensuring the performance is not lower than the local distributed framework. Finally, by discussing the two frameworks in terms of stability and cost, we present the commercial viability for the application of multi‐arm harvesting robot.
Parametric Layers, Four-Wave Mixing, and Wave-Front Reversal
Authors: Simpson Harry J. , Marston Philip L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes two special cases of nonlinear acoustic interactions. In one, waves interact in a thin flat layer with high nonlinearity. The nonlinearity in the liquid layer can be enhanced using gas bubbles, and processes such as wave-front reversal and phase conjugation can be achieved. In the other case, four-wave mixing is mediated by a suspension of particles in the liquid. Acoustic radiation pressure acting on an initially uniform suspension of particles causes the particles to form layers, and this results in the Bragg reflection of sound. Both cases have analogies in nonlinear optics.
Biomedical Applications
Authors: Carstensen Edwin L. , Bacon David R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the acoustical properties of tissues and the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in medical ultrasound. Aspects of this discussion include characteristics of medical equipment as measured in water, the relationship of measurements in water to the levels in tissues, and the implications of these fields for biological effects. Expressions are provided for estimating the shock formation distance in sound beams, and the effective absorption coefficient for ultrasound containing shocks. Also discussed are heating associated with the formation of shocks, biomedical implications of radiation pressure and acoustic streaming, and disintegration of kidney stones with shock-wave lithotripsy.
Model Equations
Authors: Hamilton Mark F. , Morfey Christopher L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The chapter begins with the full equations of fluid mechanics for viscous, heat conducting, homogeneous fluids. Exact implicit solutions are developed for plane waves in ideal fluids, as well as an exact nonlinear wave equation for nonplanar waves in a perfect gas. Ordering procedures are introduced that permit structured derivations of approximate wave equations accounting for quadratic nonlinearity in thermoviscous fluids. A second-order wave equation that includes both cumulative and local nonlinear effects is derived, from which are obtained the Westervelt, Burgers, and KZK equations, and a generalized Burgers equation for cylindrical and spherical waves and waves in horns.
Acoustic Streaming
Authors: Nyborg Wesley L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Acoustic streaming is steady fluid flow produced by conservation of momentum associated with the absorption of sound. The basic equations are obtained by time-averaging the momentum equation with shear and bulk viscosity included. A volume integral for streaming in a free field produced by an arbitrary sound field is used to obtain a solution for streaming generated by a focused sound beam. Streaming produced by the viscous boundary layer acting on a plane traveling wave that grazes a wall is described. Distinctions are made between Eulerian, Lagrangian, and mass transport streaming velocities. The chapter concludes with applications of acoustic streaming.
The Incomplete Mother as Non-mother: A Study of Secondary Infertility in Helen Davies’ More Love to Give
Authors: Rodgers Julie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSecondary infertility is an incredibly common but largely undiscussed condition. It is every bit as difficult to traverse (physically, psychologically and emotionally) as primary infertility and gives rise to a similar sense of non-motherhood or being outside of motherhood. However, women suffering from secondary infertility report an overwhelming lack of empathy and understanding from society due to the fact that they already have a child/children. This, in turn, leads to feelings of guilt and shame on the part of these women who want another child but are failing to conceive, given that they are considered to have already succeeded in accessing motherhood. This chapter focuses on British writer Helen Davies’ little-known personal narrative of secondary infertility entitled More Love to Give (published in 2017). The chapter examines the consequences of secondary infertility for maternal subjectivity (most notably in terms of perceived failure) and explores the fraught experience of liminality that accompanies secondary infertility, in that one is simultaneously mother and non-mother. Finally, it argues that secondary infertility forces us to both nuance and expand our understanding of non-motherhood by revealing the latter to be a complex, multi-faceted and sometimes contradictory experience.
Pregnancy Loss in Contemporary Italophone Literature
Authors: Lazzari Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver the course of the last number of years, there has been a notable emergence of autobiographical accounts dealing with pregnancy loss, a topic that previously had been absent from literary texts. This chapter investigates how miscarriage is experienced and narrated in Italian-speaking literature from Italy and Italian-speaking Switzerland by analyzing a selection of contemporary memoirs, hybrid genre texts, and novels written by Cozza, Mazzoni, Zerbini, and Notari, all of which address encounters with pregnancy loss. Through close textual reading, this chapter helps to build a more inclusive picture of how the experience of non-motherhood is negotiated by women who did not have children or did not have the desired number of alive children due to episodes of miscarriage and stillbirth. Moreover, the contribution highlights how recurrent topics emerge across different writings and experiences and shows how the authors aim to break taboos by acknowledging, validating, and normalizing personal experiences of loss and grief from a maternal and feminist standpoint.
Infertility, Desire for Motherhood and Surrogacy in Miguel de Unamuno’s Dos madres
Authors: Sebastià-Sáez María 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to explore infertility and the journey out of non-motherhood via surrogacy in a century-old text, namely Miguel de Unamuno’s novella-play Dos madres (Two Mothers, 1920). The plot of Dos madres employs the same core leitmotiv as the biblical passage it is inspired by, the story of Rachel and Jacob (Gn. 30: 1–6). There are three main characters: Raquel, don Juan and Berta. Raquel is a widow who could neither have a child with her husband nor with her younger lover, don Juan. Raquel is desperate to become a mother and makes a plan to achieve her goal. She encourages don Juan to marry a young woman, Berta—who is supposed to be fertile—and have a child with her but then give the child to Raquel, who will raise the baby as her own. This chapter examines, through a literary lens, the theme of non-motherhood, maternal desire and the potential for a solution via surrogacy. In addition to this, the chapter interrogates the possibility of imagining new and alternative family formations, thanks to surrogacy.
Autonomy, Autocreation and Agency: Radical Non-Motherhood in Amandine Gay’s Une poupée en chocolat (2021)
Authors: Cooper Jasmine D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmandine Gay’s book-length personal essay, Une poupée en chocolat (2021), first and foremost treats the politics and violences of transracial adoption. Yet, alongside her critique of transracial adoption both within and beyond France, Gay also speaks of her own lack of desire to become a biological mother or to partake in traditional family-making, culminating in her seeking out voluntary sterilisation at the age of thirty-five. Her fight to get a hysterectomy—accounts of which are rarely explored by literature or personal writings, especially among cisgender women of ‘reproductive’ age—is a radical act of defiance and self-determination. For Gay, it is as much an act of self-care as it is a reclamation of her body from the sexist and racist paternalism which underpins medical discourses. In this chapter, I argue that Une poupée en chocolat is a rageful reclaiming of autonomy, autocreation and agency for the (Black) non-mother and transracial adoptee. By refusing the glorification of biological or normative kinship, Gay imputes new ways of understanding care, ethical kinship and love grounded in Afrofeminist and radical Black feminist ethics, thus negotiating non-/other-motherhood beyond the colonial and racialised logics of traditional family-making.
Chest-CT-based radiomics feature of epicardial adipose tissue for screening coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Wei Qin , Chen Yanling , Yuan Deqing , Nie Fumei , Li Jian , Yu KeBing , Zhang Chengwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of chest-CT epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) radiomics feature in coronary atherosclerotic stenosis.

Methods
Clinical data from 215 individuals who underwent coronary angiography and chest-CT scan from January to July 2022 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the coronary angiography results, the total population, men, and women were divided into the CAD group and non-CAD group. radiomics feature of EAT at the level of the bifurcation of the left-main coronary artery on the transverse level of chest CT were measured. The features contain both first-order feature and shape-order feature.The differences between groups were analyzed using the t test or Chi-square test. The diagnostic efficacy of each parameter in diagnosing atherosclerotic stenosis of coronary arteries was assessed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
First-order features: Mean, IntDen, Median, and RawIntDen; shape-order features: Area, Perim, Round, and BSA index; and clinical index: HbA1c showed statistical significance between the CAD group and the non-CAD group. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy, with the best for diagnostic efficacy being Median for the first-order feature parameter (AUC, 0.753; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.689–0.817; t = 4.785, p < 0.001), Round for the shape-order feature (AUC, 0.775; 95% CI, 0.714–0.836; t = 7.842, p < 0.001), and HbA1c for the clinical index (AUC, 0.797; 95% CI, 0.783–0.856; t = 6.406, p < 0.001). After dividing the participants into male and female subgroups, the best diagnostic efficacy was observed with the BSA index for men (AUC, 0.743; 95% CI, 0.656–0.829; t = 5.128, p < 0.001) and Round for women (AUC, 0.871; 95% CI, 0.793–0.949; t = 7.247, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Median, Round in radiomics feature of EAT on chest CT may play a role in the assessment of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis.