bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue amerikanische Leitlinien zur Hypertonie: neue Konsequenzen für uns?
Authors: Schrader Bastian , Lüders Stephan , Koziolek Michael , Haller Hermann , Schrader Joachim 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFollowing the publication of the new US guidelines, especially the new classifications of hypertension and the general reduction in treatment targets were discussed worldwide. Applying the US guidelines to a recent German cohort study would in practice lead to a significant increase in the diagnosis of “hypertension” in untreated patients. The number of under-adjusted patients would also increase sharply, increasing more than those predicted in the US Guidelines. Affected by an intensified antihypertensive therapy would be particularly elderly patients, in which adverse drug reactions but also occur more frequently. It seems doubtful whether the massive increase in the diagnosis “hypertension” can improve the supply situation: the opposite effect of avoiding therapists and patients could occur. Determining the individual risk with suitable, evaluated instruments certainly makes sense to treat more targeted patients. More important than new blood pressure limits is a more accurate classification of blood pressure. Repeated self-measurements and ambulatory blood pressure measurement lead to a better selection of patients benefiting from a therapy.
Medikationsanalyse beim geriatrischen Patienten
Authors: Kolbe Anna-Lena , Zemke Jens 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Problem Multimedikation Die leitlinienorientierte Therapie führt zu Multimedikation, was wiederum Probleme mit sich bringen kann. Von einer
Medikationsanalyse auf der geriatrischen Station profitieren nicht nur die Patienten, sondern alle an der Behandlung beteiligten Berufsgruppen. Die
Zusammenarbeit wird gestärkt und Probleme können schneller gelöst oder sogar verhindert werden.
Fallbeispiel: Kontinenzförderung nach Apoplex
Authors: Kohler Myrta 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Herausforderung Nach einem Apoplex sind die Patienten häufig von einer Inkontinenz betroffen. Die Behandlung der Inkontinenz stellt für das
Behandlungsteam, insbesondere die Pflegepersonen, eine große Herausforderung dar, da es sich um sehr komplexe Problemstellungen handelt. Nachfolgendes
Fallbeispiel zeigt auf, welche Punkte beim Assessment wichtig sind und wie eine Behandlung geplant werden kann.
Die Tinctura acris sine kali
Authors: Rissel Roger , Buchheim-Schmidt Susann , Schwarzbach Ralf 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungEs wird über die Recherche und experimentelle Herstellung der Tinctura acris sine kali berichtet. Dabei aufgeworfene Fragen werden diskutiert, z. B. welche wirksamen Inhaltsstoffe die Tinktur enthält, welcher Natur der rote Farbstoff ist und welche der verschiedenen Varianten der Tinctura acris Hahnemann wohl als Grundlage für seine Prüfung am Gesunden verwendet hat.
Therapeutische Erfahrungen mit der Methode der klassischen Homöopathie bei hämorrhagischen Erkrankungen am Beispiel der Autoimmunthrombopenie (Idiopathische thrombozytopenische Purpura, Morbus maculosus Werlhof)
Authors: Thomas Christoph , Spinedi Dario 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDrei klinische Langzeitverläufe von Fällen mit akuter bzw. chronischer Autoimmunthrombopenie (Idiopathische thrombozytopenische Purpura, Morbus maculosus Werlhof) werden geschildert. Nachdem in den betreffenden Krankheitsfällen die konventionelle schulmedizinische Therapie keinen dauerhaften Erfolg zeigte, wurde eine Behandlung nach der Methode der klassischen Homöopathie durchgeführt. Im intraindividuellen Vergleich zwischen vorangehender allopathischer und nachfolgender klassisch-homöopathischer Behandlung lässt sich eine therapeutische Überlegenheit der homöopathischen Methode belegen – zumindest im Bezug auf die hier dokumentierten Fälle. Unter dieser Behandlung kam es in allen 3 Fällen zur kompletten Heilung, was durch eine jahrelange Beobachtung bzw. Nachbeobachtung (4 bzw. 7 bzw. 12 Jahre) gesichert werden konnte.
Moderne Therapie des Typ-1-Diabetes – Pumpentherapie mit Insulinanaloga
Authors: Wizemann Erik , Biester Torben 
Published: June 2018

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie kontinuierliche subkutane Insulininfusion mittels Pumpe (CSII) wird bei Erwachsenen mit Typ-1-Diabetes nach vorherigen Versuchen mit multiplen täglichen Insulininjektionen (MDI) angewandt bzw. bei Kindern häufig bereits kurz nach der Diabetesdiagnose eingeleitet. Grundvoraussetzung für den Erfolg der CSII sind die Motivation und Zuverlässigkeit der Patienten (bzw. bei Kindern der Eltern) sowie eine ausreichende Schulung. Insgesamt ergibt sich für die CSII ein breites Anwendungsspektrum. Mit der Pumpentherapie sind im Vergleich zu multipen täglichen Insulininektionen Reduktionen der glykämischen Variabilität, der HbA1c-Werte und schwerer Hypoglykämien möglich sowie Verbesserungen bei Lebensqualität und Therapiezufriedenheit. Spezifische unerwünschte Ereignisse der CSII können von der Pumpe, den Infusionssets und/ oder der Infusionsstelle ausgehen und nachfolgend Komplikationen wie Ketoazidosen oder schwere Hypoglykämien auslösen. Typischerweise werden bei der Pumpentherapie kurz wirksame Insulinanaloga verordnet. Für die Anwender besteht der Nutzen vor allem im nicht notwendigen oder geringeren „Bolus-Ess-Abstand“. Die kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich Insulinmolekül und Hilfsstoffen in den Formulierungen und daher auch in der Rate an Verschlüssen oder symptomatisschen Hypoglykämien bzw. ihrer Stabilität in der Pumpe. Fortschritte im Bereich der CSII zeichnen sich durch Weiterentwicklungen im Bereich der Closed-Loop-Systeme und durch neue Verfahren bzw. neue Insuline für den schnelleren Eintritt der Insulinwirkung ab.
Zielgerichtete Erstdiagnostik bei Typ-1-Diabetes
Authors: Kalscheuer Hannes , Lehnert Hendrik 
Published: June 2018

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 nimmt weltweit zu und ist eine der häufigsten chronischen Erkrankungen im Kindesalter. Allerdings manifestiert sich ein Typ-1-Diabetes nicht selten erst im Erwachsenenalter – dann wird die eindeutige klinische Abgrenzung zum Typ-2-Diabetes mitunter schwierig. Andere Diabetesformen und Autoimmunsyndrome müssen ebenfalls berücksichtigt werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Möglichkeiten einer zielführenden Diagnostik zusammen.
Auf dem Weg zum Closed-Loop – Ziel und Realität
Authors: Biester Torben , Danne Thomas , Kordonouri Olga 
Published: June 2018

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine vollständig automatisierte Insulindosierung ist der Wunschtraum von Behandlern und Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes. Schon jetzt können sensorunterstützte Insulinpumpen reduzierend in die Insulinzufuhr eingreifen und die Interpretation von Werten erleichtern. Ziel von Forschungsarbeiten ist es, in das Zusammenspiel aus Pumpe und Sensor einen Algorithmus zu integrieren, der die automatische Abgabe des Insulins im Sinne eines vollständigen Regelkreislaufs (Closed-Loop) reguliert. Vollständig geschlossene Systeme sind derzeit noch nicht für die ambulante Nutzung erhältlich. Hybrid-Systeme (Semi-Closed-Loop) wurden in den USA schon zugelassen. Diese können den Stoffwechselzustand von Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes verbessern. Die Risiken ähneln denen der sensorunterstützten Pumpentherapie. Die genaue Schulung der Patienten wird weiterhin entscheidend für den Erfolg sein.
Follow-Up of the Novel Free Margin Running Suture Technique for Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Agnino Alfonso , Lanzone Alberto Maria , Albertini Andrea , Anselmi Amedeo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe free margin running suture (FMRS) is a novel technique for nonresection correction of degenerative mitral regurgitation. It was employed in 37 minimally invasive mitral repair cases. We performed a retrospective collection of in-hospital data and a clinical/echocardiographic follow-up. All patients were discharged with none or mild mitral regurgitation, except one who had mild-to-moderate (2+) regurgitation. At follow-up (average: 2.1 years), all patients were alive; there were no instances of recurrent regurgitation, one case of 2+ regurgitation, and no valve-related complications. Average mitral valve area, mean gradient, and coaptation length were 2.9 cm2 ±0.1, 3.5 mm Hg ±0.9, and 1.1 cm ±0.2.
Methods to Obtain Percutaneous Access to Difficult-to-Reach Masses and Collections in the Abdomen and Pelvis
Authors: Low Jason , Huang Steven 
Published: June 2018

AbstractImage-guided biopsy and drainage of collections in the abdomen and pelvis are frequently performed in interventional radiology practices. Many options are available to facilitate access to masses and collections in challenging locations. This review focuses on the technique and efficacy associated with the various options available, including out-of-plane access, patient positioning, needle techniques (i.e., blunt and curved needle tip), adjunctive use of electromagnetic tracking devices, organ displacement, and transorgan access.
Ernährung bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen: wann, was, wie
Authors: Bischoff Stephan , Basrai Maryam 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChronic kidney disease is associated with metabolic disorders. The nutrient requirement varies considerably and often it is not covered. This is why many patients experience severe deficiencies („kidney disease wasting“), which limits their quality of life and prognosis. On the other hand sodium, potassium and phosphate must be limited. Nutritional therapy is a relevant part of the therapy.
A Research on Multi-objective Generation Optimization Scheduling of the TGC Reservoirs Considering Ecological and Shipping Benefits
Authors: Hu Xiangyang , Wang Xuemin , Chen Fang , Yu Shan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Due to the increasing energy demand and the lack of comprehensive utilization of water resources, this paper has established a generation-shipping-ecological optimization (GSEO) model to Balance the benefits between shipping, power generation and ecology. then, the Three Gorges Cascade (TGC) is taken as the research object, and the efficiency evaluation methods of shipping and ecological benefits are proposed. Finally, the actual inflows of the abundant, average and dry years are studied as the samples to solve the GSEO model. The simulation results indicate that the model and the benefit evaluation methods proposed in this paper are feasible and effective.
Survey-Defined and Interview-Elicited Challenges That Faced Ethiopian Government Hospital Laboratories as They Applied ISO 15189 Accreditation Standards in Resource-Constrained Settings in 2017
Authors: Girma Mekonnen , Desale Adinew , Hassen Fatuma , Sisay Abay , Tsegaye Aster 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
The World Health Organization African Regional Office recommends ISO 15189 standards to improve performance quality in sub-Saharan African laboratories. We specify challenges Ethiopian laboratorians encountered applying ISO 15189 standards.

Methods
From a structured survey at 12 Ethiopian government hospitals, 175 laboratory staff replied; all were aware of the ISO standards and 138 had been involved in the ISO 15189 inspection process. In addition, 11 laboratory heads, 10 quality officers, and three medical directors were interviewed in depth.

Results
Half or more respondents identified six challenges obstructing accreditation to a “large” or “very large” degree: (1) low management support, (2) inadequate training, (3) insufficient infrastructure, (4) excessive documentation, (5) little mentorship, and (6) increased accreditation-related workload. Interviewees added (7) poor equipment, (8) unavailable/poor-quality reagents, and (9) high staff turnover.

Conclusions
The survey and interviews specified nine major challenges for Ethiopian government hospital laboratories that seriously obstruct meeting ISO 15189 demands.
Functions of short lifetime biological structures at large: the case of intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Uversky Vladimir N 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Although for more than a century a protein function was intimately associated with the presence of unique structure in a protein molecule, recent years witnessed a skyrocket rise of the appreciation of protein intrinsic disorder concept that emphasizes the importance of the biologically active proteins without ordered structures. In different proteins, the depth and breadth of disorder penetrance are different, generating an amusing spatiotemporal heterogeneity of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered protein region regions (IDPRs), which are typically described as highly dynamic ensembles of rapidly interconverting conformations (or a multitude of short lifetime structures). IDPs/IDPRs constitute a substantial part of protein kingdom and have unique functions complementary to functional repertoires of ordered proteins. They are recognized as interaction specialists and global controllers that play crucial roles in regulation of functions of their binding partners and in controlling large biological networks. IDPs/IDPRs are characterized by immense binding promiscuity and are able to use a broad spectrum of binding modes, often resulting in the formation of short lifetime complexes. In their turn, functions of IDPs and IDPRs are controlled by various means, such as numerous posttranslational modifications and alternative splicing. Some of the functions of IDPs/IDPRs are briefly considered in this review to shed some light on the biological roles of short-lived structures at large.
An efficient multi-locus mixed model framework for the detection of small and linked QTLs in F2
Authors: Wen Yang-Jun , Zhang Ya-Wen , Zhang Jin , Feng Jian-Ying , Dunwell Jim M , Zhang Yuan-Ming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the genetic system that regulates complex traits, metabolites, gene expression levels, RNA editing levels and DNA methylation, a series of small and linked genes exist. To date, however, little is known about how to design an efficient framework for the detection of these kinds of genes. In this article, we propose a genome-wide composite interval mapping (GCIM) in F2. First, controlling polygenic background via selecting markers in the genome scanning of linkage analysis was replaced by estimating polygenic variance in a genome-wide association study. This can control large, middle and minor polygenic backgrounds in genome scanning. Then, additive and dominant effects for each putative quantitative trait locus (QTL) were separately scanned so that a negative logarithm P-value curve against genome position could be separately obtained for each kind of effect. In each curve, all the peaks were identified as potential QTLs. Thus, almost all the small-effect and linked QTLs are included in a multi-locus model. Finally, adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (adaptive lasso) was used to estimate all the effects in the multi-locus model, and all the nonzero effects were further identified by likelihood ratio test for true QTL identification. This method was used to reanalyze four rice traits. Among 25 known genes detected in this study, 16 small-effect genes were identified only by GCIM. To further demonstrate GCIM, a series of Monte Carlo simulation experiments was performed. As a result, GCIM is demonstrated to be more powerful than the widely used methods for the detection of closely linked and small-effect QTLs.
Modelling signalling networks from perturbation data
Authors: Dorel Mathurin , Klinger Bertram , Gross Torsten , Sieber Anja , Prahallad Anirudh , Bosdriesz Evert , Wessels Lodewyk F A , Blüthgen Nils 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Intracellular signalling is realized by complex signalling networks, which are almost impossible to understand without network models, especially if feedbacks are involved. Modular Response Analysis (MRA) is a convenient modelling method to study signalling networks in various contexts.

Results
We developed the software package STASNet (STeady-STate Analysis of Signalling Networks) that provides an augmented and extended version of MRA suited to model signalling networks from incomplete perturbation schemes and multi-perturbation data. Using data from the Dialogue on Reverse Engineering Assessment and Methods challenge, we show that predictions from STASNet models are among the top-performing methods. We applied the method to study the effect of SHP2, a protein that has been implicated in resistance to targeted therapy in colon cancer, using a novel dataset from the colon cancer cell line Widr and a SHP2-depleted derivative. We find that SHP2 is required for mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling, whereas AKT signalling only partially depends on SHP2.

Availability and implementation
An R-package is available at https://github.com/molsysbio/STASNet.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MolArt: a molecular structure annotation and visualization tool
Authors: Hoksza David , Gawron Piotr , Ostaszewski Marek , Schneider Reinhard 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Summary
MolArt fills the gap between sequence and structure visualization by providing a light-weight, interactive environment enabling exploration of sequence annotations in the context of available experimental or predicted protein structures. Provided a UniProt ID, MolArt downloads and displays sequence annotations, sequence-structure mapping and relevant structures. The sequence and structure views are interlinked, enabling sequence annotations being color overlaid over the mapped structures, thus providing an enhanced understanding and interpretation of the available molecular data.

Availability and implementation
MolArt is released under the Apache 2 license and is available at https://github.com/davidhoksza/MolArt. The project web page https://davidhoksza.github.io/MolArt/ features examples and applications of the tool.
Cortical Neuron Migration and Dendrite Morphology are Regulated by Carboxypeptidase E
Authors: Liang Chen , Carrel Damien , Omelchenko Anton , Kim Hyuck , Patel Aashini , Fanget Isabelle , Firestein Bonnie L 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHigher brain function relies on proper development of the cerebral cortex, including correct positioning of neurons and dendrite morphology. Disruptions in these processes may result in various neurocognitive disorders. Mutations in the CPE gene, which encodes carboxypeptidase E (CPE), have been linked to depression and intellectual disability. However, it remains unclear whether CPE is involved in early brain development and in turn contributes to the pathophysiology of neurocognitive disorders. Here, we investigate the effects of CPE knockdown on early brain development and explore the functional significance of the interaction between CPE and its binding partner p150Glued. We demonstrate that CPE is required for cortical neuron migration and dendrite arborization. Furthermore, we show that expression of CPE-C10 redistributes p150Glued from the centrosome and that disruption of CPE interaction with p150Glued leads to abnormal neuronal migration and dendrite morphology, suggesting that a complex between CPE and p150Glued is necessary for proper neurodevelopment.
Simultaneous Determination of Quercitrin, Afzelin, Amentoflavone, Hinokiflavone in Rat Plasma by UFLC–MS-MS and Its Application to the Pharmacokinetics of Platycladus orientalis Leaves Extract
Authors: Shan Chen-xiao , Guo Shu-chen , Yu Sheng , Shan Ming-qiu , Li Sam Fong Yau , Chai Chuan , Cui Xiao-bing , Zhang Li , Ding An-wei , Wu Qi-nan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Leaves of Platycladus orientalis have been used as blood cooling and homeostatic therapy for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine. Emerging evidences of modern pharmacology have proved flavonoids as the key elements responsible for the efficacies. However, there has been no report on pharmacokinetic study of the flavonoids from Platycladus orientalis leaves extract. In this study, a sensitive and rapid ultra-flow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the simultaneous determination of amentoflavone, afzelin, hinokiflavone and quercitrin in rat plasma. The four flavonoids and luteolin (internal standard, IS) were recovered from rat plasma by methanol–ethyl acetate (v:v, 50:50). Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with gradient elution. Our results showed that the recoveries from spiked control samples were more than 85% for all analytes and IS. The relative standard deviations of intra-day and inter-day precision were within 15% while the REs ranged from −6.6% to 8.0%. The validated method in this study was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in healthy rats after oral administration of P. orientalis leaves extract.
SecA inhibitors as potential antimicrobial agents: differential actions on SecA-only and SecA-SecYEG protein-conducting channels
Authors: Jin Jinshan , Hsieh Ying-Hsin , Chaudhary Arpana S , Cui Jianmei , Houghton John E , Sui Sen-fang , Wang Binghe , Tai Phang C 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Sec-dependent protein translocation is an essential process in bacteria. SecA is a key component of the translocation machinery and has multiple domains that interact with various ligands. SecA acts as an ATPase motor to drive the precursor protein/peptide through the SecYEG protein translocation channels. As SecA is unique to bacteria and there is no mammalian counterpart, it is an ideal target for the development of new antimicrobials. Several reviews detail the assays for ATPase and protein translocation, as well as the search for SecA inhibitors. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to the SecA-SecYEG translocation channels, there are SecA-only channels in the lipid bilayers, which function independently from the SecYEG machinery. This mini-review focuses on recent advances on the newly developed SecA inhibitors that allow the evaluation of their potential as antimicrobial agents, as well as a fundamental understanding of mechanisms of SecA function(s). These SecA inhibitors abrogate the effects of efflux pumps in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We also discuss recent findings that SecA binds to ribosomes and nascent peptides, which suggest other roles of SecA. A model for the multiple roles of SecA is presented.
Online peer support groups for family caregivers: are they reaching the caregivers with the greatest needs?
Authors: Friedman Esther M , Trail Thomas E , Vaughan Christine Anne , Tanielian Terri 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Online peer support groups are an increasingly common venue for caregivers supporting disabled family members to exchange informational, emotional, and instrumental support. We know very little, however, about who uses these groups and whether they are reaching those with the greatest needs.

Objective
To examine whether caregiving factors (ie, caregiving demands and strain, competing demands, access to support and services, and other caregiving characteristics) are related to online community support use and intensity of use.

Method
This study used data from a new survey of family caregivers who provide care to disabled military veterans. We used logistic regression models to examine the likelihood of online community support group usage and intensity of use as a function of a variety of caregiving factors.

Results
Those with greater caregiving demands were more likely to use online peer support. Specifically, helping the care recipient with more activities was associated with a statistically significantly greater likelihood of visiting an online community support group. Caring for a veteran with a neurological or psychological condition, which, in prior work, suggests more complex care needs, was also positively and significantly related to visiting an online community support group. Hours of care and several other caregiving factors were related to intensity of use.

Conclusions
We show that family caregivers with the most caregiving demands are most engaged with online support communities. This suggests that online communities could be used to support the most vulnerable family caregivers. The implications of this work for online support systems are discussed.