bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of Tp53 and Pten drives rapid development of pleural and peritoneal malignant mesotheliomas
Authors: Sementino Eleonora , Menges Craig W. , Kadariya Yuwaraj , Peri Suraj , Xu Jinfei , Liu Zemin , Wilkes Richard G. , Cai Kathy Q. , Rauscher Frank J. , Klein‐Szanto Andres J. , Testa Joseph R. 
Published: June 2018

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a therapy‐resistant cancer arising primarily from the lining of the pleural and peritoneal cavities. The most frequently altered genes in human MM are cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), which encodes components of the p53 (p14ARF) and RB (p16INK4A) pathways, BRCA1‐associated protein 1 (BAP1), and neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2). Furthermore, the p53 gene (TP53) itself is mutated in ~15% of MMs. In many MMs, the PI3K–PTEN–AKT–mTOR signaling node is hyperactivated, which contributes to tumor cell survival and therapeutic resistance. Here, we demonstrate that the inactivation of both Tp53 and Pten in the mouse mesothelium is sufficient to rapidly drive aggressive MMs. PtenL/L;Tp53L/L mice injected intraperitoneally or intrapleurally with adenovirus‐expressing Cre recombinase developed high rates of peritoneal and pleural MMs (92% of mice with a median latency of 9.4 weeks and 56% of mice with a median latency of 19.3 weeks, respectively). MM cells from these mice showed consistent activation of Akt–mTor signaling, chromosome breakage or aneuploidy, and upregulation of Myc; occasional downregulation of Bap1 was also observed. Collectively, these findings suggest that when Pten and Tp53 are lost in combination in mesothelial cells, DNA damage is not adequately repaired and genomic instability is widespread, whereas the activation of Akt due to Pten loss protects genomically damaged cells from apoptosis, thereby increasing the likelihood of tumor formation. Additionally, the mining of an online dataset (The Cancer Genome Atlas) revealed codeletions of PTEN and TP53 and/or CDKN2A/p14ARF in ~25% of human MMs, indicating that cooperative losses of these genes contribute to the development of a significant proportion of these aggressive neoplasms and suggesting key target pathways for therapeutic intervention.
A multimode phase shifter for S‐band phased array antenna
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Cho Moon‐Kyu , Kim Jeong‐Geun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a multi‐mode phase shifter in CMOS technology for S‐band phased array antenna with gain control modes depending on system requirement. The proposed phase shifter consists of 6‐bit phase shifter with DPDT, which provides full phase control range of 354° with the LSB of 5.625° and two distributed amplifiers (DAs). The proposed phase shifter operates four different gain modes (high‐gain mode, two mid‐gain modes, and bypass mode). Also, two mid‐gain modes are differently implemented by position of the distributed amplifier in TX/RX architecture. When the distributed amplifier is at the output, the phase shifter is in Tx mode. In contrast, the phase shifter is in Rx mode when the distributed amplifier is at input. The measured gains are 14 dB (HGM), 2 dB (MGMtx/MGMrx), and −10 dB (BPM) by gain controlling. The proposed phase shifter has the maximum RMS phase error of 2.5° and amplitude variation of 0.8 dB from 1.6 to 2.6 GHz, respectively. The measured output 1‐dB compression points (OP1dBs) are 7.5, 6.5, −5.5, and −6 dBm, and input 1‐dB compression points (IP1dBs) are −5 and 5 dBm at 2.4 GHz. The chip size is 2.5 × 1.5 mm2, including pads. The phase shifter consumes 40 mA from a 2.4 V DC supply.
A miniaturized rat‐race coupler with ultra‐wideband harmonic suppression
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Liu Fu‐Xing , Quan Chun‐He , Lee Jong‐Chul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA miniaturized rat‐race coupler with ultra‐wide band harmonic suppression is proposed in this letter. Anti‐parallel lines with open stubs are applied in substitution for the conventional quarter‐wavelength transmission lines. The applied structure provides an excellent harmonic suppression property with a reduced size comparing with the conventional types. The coupler operates at 2.5 GHz with a harmonic suppression up to 17.5 GHz as measured. The amplitude imbalance and phase imbalance are 0.017 dB and 0.018°, respectively.
A power divider with high‐power handling capability and enhanced selectivity performance
Authors: Liu Fu‐Xing , Yang Wang , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Lee Jong‐Chul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this article, a new structure of power divider (PD) is presented. This design shows high‐power handling capability, enhanced selectivity performance, and simple structure. Theory analysis based on impedance matching method has been performed. The closed‐form design equations and detailed design procedure have been given and summarized at the same time. For verification purpose, a prototype with a center frequency of 2.5 GHz is simulated and fabricated, and the measurement results show a good agreement with the simulated ones.
Design and study of multiband planar wheel‐like fractal antenna for vehicular communication applications
Authors: Madhav B. T. P. , Anilkumar T. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this article a multiband antenna is proposed for potential vehicular communication applications that falls under sub‐6 GHz band such as IMT2000, GSM1800/1900, LTE, universal mobile telecommunication system, WLAN, dedicated short‐range communication, and so on. A conventional circular monopole radiating element is used in this design with partial ground plane and later it is modified by incorporating the circular slots in a tree‐like fractal structure. The novel defected ground structure consisting of a semi‐circular slot and a pair of mirror‐imaged quarter circles introduced at the top edge of the partial ground, which lies exactly beneath the microstrip line feed. The structural parameters are optimized to obtain the desired pass band performance under vehicular bands. Further, to investigate the antenna performance in the vehicular environment, it is virtually placed on the top of a car model and the radiation performance is analyzed and are presented in this work. The antenna is prototyped, and the measurement results are providing good correlation with that of simulation results.
A novel monofilar‐Archimedean metamaterial inspired leaky‐wave antenna for scanning application for passive radar systems
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Ali Abdul , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA novel backfire‐to‐endfire leaky‐wave antenna is presented with ability to scan from −25° to +45°. The antenna is based on metamaterial transmission‐lines and is implemented using monofilar Archimedean spiral and rectangular slots, spiral inductors, and metallic via‐holes. The slots act as series left‐handed capacitances, and the spirals with via‐holes provide the shunt left‐handed inductances to realize the metamaterial antenna. A prototype antenna was fabricated prototype on FR4 dielectric substrate, which has an electrical size of 0.0302λ0 × 0.0357λ0 × 0.0008λ0, where λ0 is free space wavelength at 165 MHz. Measured bandwidth of the antenna is 710 MHz (165–875 MHz) corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 136.5%. The main advantage of the antenna is its ability to scan over a wide angle from −25° to +45° with acceptable gain and radiation efficiency of 1.2 dBi and 50.1%, respectively, measured at 400 MHz. The wide scanning attributes of the antenna make it suitable for passive radar applications to scan across the VHF–UHF bands for FM‐Radio, television, mobile phones, and GPS applications.
A new pattern‐reconfigurable antenna with the function of 360° wide‐beam scanning and main beam direction finely‐adjustable
Authors: Xue Kun , Zhai Huiqing , Yang Dong , Wei Zichun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA new pattern‐reconfigurable antenna with the function of 360° wide‐beam scanning and main beam direction finely‐adjustable is proposed in this letter. The antenna consists of a central feeding disc which surrounded by four snowflake radiators on the top layer of the FR4 substrate. PIN diodes are placed between the disc and each snowflake patch for realizing the wide‐angle beam steering of the antenna. By controlling the four PIN diodes on the top layer, main beam can be switched in four directions with about 90° steps in the H‐plane (17°, 106°, 197°, and 287°).The bottom layer of the substrate includes a ground plane with eight rectangular ring slots. Eight PIN diodes installed on each slot are used to further control the beam direction of the antenna. By controlling the states of the PIN diodes on the bottom layer, the main beam of the proposed antenna is capable to deflect rightward or leftward about 10° on the basis of the original four states. The simulated and measured results show that the antenna operates well at 3.64–3.88 GHz under 12 states and achieves good performance with flexible pattern reconfigurability in 12 directions. The proposed antenna could be applied in 5G wireless communication systems.
Psychosocial mediators of dietary change among Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors in a culturally tailored dietary intervention
Authors: Shi Zaixing , Richardson John M. , Aycinena Ana Corina , Gray Heewon L. , Paul Rachel , Koch Pam , Contento Isobel , Gaffney Ann Ogden , Greenlee Heather 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo examine psychosocial mediators of the effect of a culturally tailored dietary intervention on dietary change among Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors.MethodsHispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors (n = 70) were randomized to receive either a 12‐week theory‐based and culturally tailored dietary change program (intervention group, n = 34), or standard‐of‐care printed recommendations (control group, n = 36) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01414062). Fruit/vegetable intake (F/V), % calories from fat, and hypothesized psychosocial mediators were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Analysis of covariance assessed intervention effects on psychosocial mediators at 6 and 12 months. Mediation analysis using the bootstrap method evaluated the indirect intervention effects on dietary intake at 6 and 12 months through changes in psychosocial mediators at 6 and 12 months.ResultsCompared with controls, at 6 and 12 months, the intervention group reported greater improvements in stages of change (P < .001, P < .001, respectively), self‐efficacy (P = .009, P = .002, respectively), snack preference for F/snack preference for F/V (P = .045, P = .002, respectively); at 12 months, the intervention group reported a decrease in chance‐oriented external locus of control (P = .02). At 6 months, mediation analysis showed that the intervention effect was associated with an increase of 1.0 (95% CI, −0.1‐2.4) serving/day of F/V, compared with the control group, although no indirect effect through the hypothesized psychosocial mediators was observed. At 12 months, the intervention was associated with an increase in 0.5 serving/day F/V through improved taste/snack preference for F/V at 6 and 12 months (95% CIs, 0.1‐1.3, 0.0‐1.4, respectively).ConclusionsFuture programs can target improving taste/snack preference for F/V to promote dietary change in Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors.
Writing in the Disciplines: How Math Fits Into the Equation
Authors: Colonnese Madelyn W. , Amspaugh Christina M. , LeMay Steven , Evans Kyle , Field Kathryn 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWriting is an important mode of thinking and learning for elementary students. Consistent efforts have been made to encourage discipline‐specific writing, yet defining qualities of elementary mathematical writing have historically been underdeveloped. This article offers educators a new framework that conceptualizes mathematical writing as writing to reason and to communicate mathematically. Specifically, the framework defines four types of elementary mathematical writing: exploratory, informative/explanatory, argumentative, and mathematically creative. The authors explain and explore these types and their associated purposes through classroom vignettes. Informed by existing practices in mathematics and writing, strategies are offered to support teachers in the implementation of mathematical writing.
Extracting the angle of attack on rotor blades from CFD simulations
Authors: Jost Eva , Klein Levin , Leipprand Hagen , Lutz Thorsten , Krämer Ewald 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn today's wind energy research, comparisons of low‐fidelity aerodynamic models with CFD simulations are common practice. While the approach for loads with respect to the rotor‐plane coordinate system such as distributed driving force or thrust is straightforward, a comparison of aerodynamic characteristics is more challenging. The radial distributions of lift, drag, and moment coefficient depend on the local angle of attack and inflow velocity, which cannot be directly determined from the flow field. It requires the elimination of the influence of the rotor blade's bound circulation and also involves the step from a three‐dimensional flow field to quantities, which depend on the blade radius. The present investigation analyzes 4 different approaches to determine the angle of attack and inflow velocity from three‐dimensional rotor simulations. In addition to 3 existing methods, a new line average technique is presented. It eliminates the effect of bound circulation by averaging along a closed shape, which is symmetric to the quarter‐chord point. All methods are assessed in cases with successively increasing complexity. The observed discrepancies are assigned to a different consideration of trailing and shed vortices. The line average approach was found to be a valuable alternative to existing approaches especially in unsteady cases and regarding the outer or tip sections of the rotor blade.
Ecosystem‐Scale Measurements of Methyl Halide Fluxes From a Brackish Tidal Marsh Invaded With Perennial Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium)
Authors: Deventer M. J. , Jiao Y. , Knox S. H. , Anderson F. , Ferner M. C. , Lewis J. A. , Rhew R. C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNatural methyl chloride (CH3Cl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br) emissions from coastal marsh ecosystems may constitute a significant proportion of stratospheric chlorine and bromine, which catalyze ozone depletion. Current inventories involve substantial uncertainties associated with upscaling plot‐scale footprints (i.e., ≤1 m2). Here we present net ecosystem flux measurements of methyl halides from a brackish tidal marsh on the west coast of the United States between April 2016 and June 2017 using the relaxed eddy accumulation method. The measurement footprint encompasses a large part of the studied tidal marsh, including roughly 20 vascular plant species, open water, and soil surfaces. On the annual scale, ecosystem methyl halide emissions showed the strongest relationships to temperature and the growth cycle of halophyte vegetation, whereas on diurnal time scales, fluxes correlated the most with evapotranspiration. The maximum seasonal emissions occurred during the flowering season of Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed), one of the most abundant halophytes on site. The maximum hourly emissions of 111 μg CH3Cl · m−2 s· hr−1 and 38 μg CH3Br · m−2 · hr−1 were observed during a heat wave in early June. Annually integrated emissions were 135 mg/m2 for CH3Cl and 21 mg/m2 for CH3Br, scaling up to 621 and 96 kg over the entire marsh. We provide a global salt marsh emission inventory that takes into account the spatial distribution of salt marshes in different climate zones, yielding a global salt marsh source of 31 Gg/year CH3Cl (range: 10 to 77) and 3 Gg/year CH3Br (range: 1 to 8).
21st century California drought risk linked to model fidelity of the El Niño teleconnection
Authors: Allen Robert J. , Anderson Ray G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGreenhouse gas induced climate change is expected to lead to negative hydrological impacts for southwestern North America, including California (CA). This includes a decrease in the amount and frequency of precipitation, reductions in Sierra snow pack, and an increase in evapotranspiration, all of which imply a decline in surface water availability, and an increase in drought and stress on water resources. However, a recent study showed the importance of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) warming and an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like teleconnection in driving an increase in CA precipitation through the 21st century, particularly during winter (DJF). Here, we extend this prior work and show wetter (drier) CA conditions, based on several drought metrics, are associated with an El Niño (La Niña)-like SST pattern. Models that better simulate the observed ENSO-CA precipitation teleconnection also better simulate the ENSO-CA drought relationships, and yield negligible change in the risk of 21st century CA drought, primarily due to wetting during winter. Seasonally, however, CA drought risk is projected to increase during the non-winter months, particularly in the models that poorly simulate the observed teleconnection. Thus, future projections of CA drought are dependent on model fidelity of the El Niño teleconnection. As opposed to focusing on adapting to less water, models that better simulate the teleconnection imply adaptation measures focused on smoothing seasonal differences for affected agricultural, terrestrial, and aquatic systems, as well as effectively capturing enhanced winter runoff.
Percutaneous Image-Guided Biopsy of the Pancreas
Authors: McRae Stephen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPercutaneous image-guided biopsy of the pancreas is a safe, effective, efficient, and minimally invasive way to obtain samples for pathological diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions. The myriad of diseases that can involve the pancreas require different therapies. Therefore, pathological diagnosis is key. With proper imaging resources and techniques, most mass lesions of the pancreas that are visible on cross-sectional imaging can be approached safely and accurately percutaneously under either computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound guidance. These lesions may be accessed through anterior, posterior, and/or lateral approaches depending upon their proximity to the anticipated skin puncture site, and the presence or absence of intervening structures. While the ideal percutaneous route to any pancreatic target lesion is the one that has no vital structures in its path, methods and tools exist to make even the most seemingly obstructed paths to pancreatic targets navigable. Once accessed, the targets may be sampled by either fine-needle aspiration or core needle biopsy. The alternatives to percutaneous image-guided biopsy of the pancreas include open (surgical) biopsy and endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) biopsy. Percutaneous image-guided biopsy poses less risk to the patient than open biopsy and has been shown to be as accurate as EUS biopsy with an even lower complication rate.
Continuity from local cult to 'accepted' ritual.
Authors: Spitilli G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter analyses the cult of the Madonna of Alno in Canzano, a rural town in the province of Teramo, Abruzzo (Italy), through an interpretation inspired by European religious ethnology and the anthropology of Christianity. An historical examination of this local cult reveals the complexity of the symbolic procedures and social strategies that govern the progressive definition of devotional practices, translating into ritual language the succession of political struggles and power relations between the urban elites, the local church and the rural population, as well as the continuity between liturgical and folk rituals.
Dermatologic Manifestations of Colchicine Intoxication
Authors: Gürkan Asuman , Oğuz Melahat Melek , Boduroğlu Cengiz Esin , Şenel Saliha 
Published: June 2018

AbstractColchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug that has a narrow therapeutic index. Poisoning typically shows 3 phases with systemic symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms dominate in the first phase. Dermatologic manifestations usually appear, with skin eruptions in the second phase where multiorgan failure occurs and alopecia in the third phase where organ derangements resolve. Alopecia is a cardinal feature of the third phase, but there is no specifically defined eruption for toxication. Here, we report a case of colchicine intoxication in a 16-year-old girl with maculopapular/purpuric rash and alopecia.
Effects of Glucocorticoids on Hospitalized Children With Anaphylaxis
Authors: Okubo Yusuke , Michihata Nobuaki , Morisaki Naho , Yoshida Koichi , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: June 2018

Background
The benefits of glucocorticoid treatment and recent trends of adjunctive treatments during episodes of anaphylaxis remain unclear.

Objectives
The aims of this study were to investigate the recent practice patterns and compare the effects of glucocorticoid for children hospitalized with anaphylaxis.

Methods
Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, we compared the length of hospital stay, risk of 10-day readmission, and total hospitalization cost between the steroid and nonsteroid groups. We also evaluated recent trends of adjunctive treatments for anaphylaxis.

Results
From 2010 to 2014, the proportions of H1-receptor antagonist use increased from 65.1% to 71.8% (P
trend = 0.02). The proportions of H2-receptor antagonist use showed an upward trend, ranging from 12.8% to 16.7% (P
trend = 0.01). No significant change in glucocorticoid use was observed (from 86.7% to 82.6%; P
trend = 0.08). Stabilized inverse probability-weighting analyses showed that the total length of hospital stay was 0.39 days longer in the steroid group than in the nonsteroid group (95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.49 days). Total hospitalization cost was greater in the steroid group than in the nonsteroid group (difference, ¥3896; 95% confidence interval, ¥2464–¥5562). No significant difference in risk of 10-day readmission was observed between the groups. Instrumental variable analyses showed similar results to stabilized inverse probability-weighting analyses.

Conclusions
We observed increasing trends of H1- and H2-receptor antagonist use. Length of hospital stay and total hospitalization cost were greater in the steroid group than in the nonsteroid group, whereas readmission risks were similar between the 2 groups.
Chronic estrus disrupts uterine gland development and homeostasis
Authors: Stewart C. Allison , Stewart M. David , Wang Ying , Liang Rui , Liu Yu , Behringer Richard R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFemale mice homozygous for an engineered Gnrhr E90K mutation have reduced gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling, leading to infertility. Their ovaries have numerous antral follicles but no corpora lutea, indicating a block to ovulation. These mutants have high levels of circulating estradiol and low progesterone, indicating a state of persistent estrus. This mouse model provided a unique opportunity to examine the lack of cyclic levels of ovarian hormones on uterine gland biology. Although uterine gland development appeared similar to controls during prepubertal development, it was compromised during adolescence in the mutants. By 20 weeks of age, uterine gland development was comparable to controls, but pathologies, including squamous neoplasia, tubal neoplasia, and cribriform glandular structures, were observed. Induction of ovulations by periodic human chorionic gonadotropin treatment did not rescue post-pubertal uterine gland development. Interestingly, progesterone receptor knockout mice, which lack progesterone signaling, also have defects in post-pubertal uterine gland development. However, progesterone treatment did not rescue post-pubertal uterine gland development. These studies indicate that chronically elevated levels of estradiol with low progesterone and therefore an absence of cyclic ovarian hormone secretion disrupts post-pubertal uterine gland development and homeostasis.