bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound‐Responsive Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeted Therapy and Controlled Drug Release in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kim Min Woo , Moon Sol , Park Yong Il , Kim Jungho , Kim Seung Il , Lee Ruda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultifunctional drug delivery systems offer tremendous potential for improving antitumor efficacy, precise drug targeting, and controlled drug release in treating non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, the study develops a novel tumor‐targeting ultrasound‐responsive lipid nanoparticle (TUSL) platform capable of responding to external stimulation, enabling precise drug delivery with controlled release at the tumor site while minimizing systemic exposure and side effects. The TUSL platform is designed to carry doxorubicin (DOX) and tetrandrine (TET), specifically for drug‐resistant NSCLC. The developed TUSL exhibits a nano sized spherical structure with a hydrodynamic size of 141.8 nm, accommodating anti‐cancer drugs with loading capacities of 3.8% and 6.2% for TET and DOX, respectively. TUSL is engineered to target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) while demonstrating an ultrasound‐triggered drug release profile. Through the generation of CO2 bubbles upon ultrasound stimulation, the TUSL enhances DOX and TET internalization into tumor cells. In tumor‐bearing mice, TUSL administration demonstrates a superior tumor accumulation with minimal off‐target toxicity. The combined treatment with DOX and TET within TUSL exhibits synergistic effects, effectively inhibiting the growth of drug‐resistant NSCLC tumors. These findings highlight the efficacy of the EGFR‐targeted TUSL formulation in overcoming drug resistance and enhancing therapeutic outcomes in NSCLC.
Tunable Rectification in 2D Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets Molecular Heterojunctions
Authors: Huang Bing , Wang Xiaoyu , He Chaoguang , Zhang Yongkang , Qi Pan , Wang Ying , Li Tong , Fu Huixia , Wei Hui , Guo Cunlan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs functional electrical devices advance, new strategies for regulating electrical properties are essential for achieving diverse electrical performance. In this study, molecular heterojunction rectifiers are constructed by connecting porphyrinic 2D metal–organic framework (2D MOF) nanosheets and oligophenylene thiols self‐assembled monolayers (OPT SAMs) within metal electrodes. The rectification characteristics can be tuned by the molecular length of OPT and the coordinated metal atom in the center of 2D MOFs. Specifically, a rectification ratio of more than 1.67 orders of magnitude is achieved in the heterojunction composed of 2D Zn‐TCPP MOF nanosheet (TCCP, tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) and OPT3 SAM. Combining Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements and first‐principles calculations of the 2D MOF nanosheets, it elucidates that the rectification variations come from the adjustment of energy level alignment at OPT SAMs//2D MOF interface, leading to asymmetric charge transport with the voltage polarities. This strategy can be further extended to Cu‐MOF nanosheets, which also exhibit rectification behaviors when placed on OPT2 SAMs. This work provides a universal and flexible strategy for regulating the electrical behaviors of MOFs without the need for specific design and synthesis, paving the way for the development of MOF‐based functional electronic devices.
Electrostatic Shielding Engineering for Stable Zn Metal Anodes
Authors: He Zhangxing , Pan Liang , Peng Ziyu , Liu Zhuoqun , Zhang Zhenying , Li Bin , Zhang Zekun , Wu Xianwen , Zhao Ningning , Dai Lei , Zhuang Zilong , Wang Ling , Zhang Qiaobao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising energy storage systems due to their low cost, excellent safety, and environmental friendliness. However, challenges like uncontrollable dendrite growth and side reactions during battery operation limit their commercialization. Addressing these issues requires regulating ion deposition behavior at the anode/electrolyte interface. The electrostatic shielding effect, which leverages the interplay between electric potential and ionic motion, provides a unique mechanism to inhibit zinc dendrites and side reactions effectively. Despite significant progress in understanding electrostatic shielding in AZIBs, a comprehensive summary of its effects is still lacking. This paper first reviews the primary challenges in AZIBs and then describes how the electrostatic shielding effect can optimize their performance. Existing strategies for achieving electrostatic shielding through anode structure optimization and electrolyte optimization‐are classified and analyzed. Finally, the review summarizes current electrostatic shielding strategies for stabilizing zinc anodes, identifies existing challenges, and discusses the future potential, and for this approach in AZIBs.
Electrospun Multiscale Structured Nanofibers for Lithium‐Based Batteries
Authors: Kong Dehong , Guo Wei , Zhao Yong , Zhao Yong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electrospun is a unique technique for the fabrication of multiscale structured nanofibers (MSNFs), which can be used as functional units for improving the performance of lithium‐based batteries. This review systematically examines how MSNFs, including core–shell, hollow porous, multichannel, wire‐in‐tube, tube‐in‐tube, and hierarchical nanofibers, effectively improve battery performance as components in lithium‐based batteries. The application of aforementioned MSNFs and their chemical modification contributes to the development of lithium‐based batteries with high energy density and enhanced safety when used as electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. Specifically, MSNFs are used to derive electrodes and electrolytes that improve electron/ion transfer rates, increase the utilization ratio of active materials, suppress dendrite growth, and mitigate volume expansion, enabling fast and stable electrochemical reactions at the electrodes. Additionally, MSNFs‐derived separators, which feature more ion transport channels, exceptional mechanical properties, and the capability to inhibit thermal runaway, are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospective pathways for electrospun technology in the application of lithium‐based batteries are reviewed.
Identification and Characterization of Novel FSHR Copy Number Variations Causing Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Lokchine Anna , Bergougnoux Anne , Servant Nadège , Akloul Linda , Launay Erika , Mary Laura , Cluzeau Laurence , Philippe Mathieu , Domin‐Bernhard Mathilde , Duros Solène , Odent Sylvie , Tucker Elena , Paris Françoise , Belaud‐Rotureau Marc‐Antoine , Jaillard Sylvie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFollicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a key pituitary gonadotropic hormone implicated in human fertility and is crucial for folliculogenesis and recruitment of new antral follicles. Variations in its receptor, FSHR, can lead to diverse reproductive phenotypes including ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This study reports a novel case of FSHR‐related ovarian insufficiency in a patient with primary amenorrhea, subnormal AMH levels, and delayed puberty. Genetic exploration revealed two compound heterozygous intragenic deletions of FSHR. Specifically, the patient inherited a maternally derived deletion spanning exons 5–10 and a paternally derived deletion involving exons 3–6. Through chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), exome sequencing, long‐range PCR, and Sanger sequencing, we characterized the breakpoints and confirmed the compound heterozygous deletions. The findings reveal a complete loss of function of both FSHR alleles, contributing to the patient's POI phenotype. This case emphasizes the complexity of genotype–phenotype correlations in FSHR‐related disorders and the role of CNVs in POI phenotypes. Although these events are rare, our results advocate for the inclusion of CNV detection in the diagnostic workup of POI to ensure accurate diagnosis and better patient management.
α‐Nucleophilic Addition to α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds via Photocatalytically Generated α‐Carbonyl Carbocations
Authors: Zhang Chong‐Jin , Sun Yu , Gong Jie , Zhang Hao , Liu Zhen‐Zhen , Wang Fang , Chen Jin‐Xiang , Qu Jian‐Ping , Kang Yan‐Biao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe report the photocatalytic oxidation of α‐carbonyl radicals of amides or esters to the corresponding α‐carbonyl carbocations through super photoreductant CBZ6 induced redox‐neutral photocatalysis. The α‐carbonyl radicals are formed by the β‐addition of alkyl radicals generated in situ by the photocatalytic fragmentation of N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters to the α,β‐unsaturated amides and esters. This method enables the α‐nucleophilic addition of hydroxyl or alkoxyl radicals to amides and esters without any prefunctionalization.
Near‐Unity Photothermal CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol Based on a Molecule/Nanocarbon Hybrid Catalyst
Authors: Ren Siyun , Han Junnan , Yang Zhengwei , Liang Jie , Feng Shijia , Zhang Xing , Xu Jun , Zhu Jia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven CO2‐to‐methanol conversion provides an intriguing route for both solar energy storage and CO2 mitigation. For scalable applications, near‐unity methanol selectivity is highly desirable to reduce the energy and cost endowed by low‐value byproducts and complex separation processes, but so far has not been achieved. Here we demonstrate a molecule/nanocarbon hybrid catalyst composed of carbon nanotube‐supported molecularly dispersed cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc/CNT), which synergistically integrates high photothermal conversion capability for affording an optimal reaction temperature with homogeneous and intrinsically‐efficient active sites, to achieve a catalytic activity of 2.4 mmol gcat−1 h−1 and selectivity of ~99 % in direct photothermal CO2 hydrogenation to methanol reaction. Both theoretical calculations and operando characterizations consistently confirm that the unique electronic structure of CoPc and appropriate reaction temperature cooperatively enable a thermodynamic favorable reaction pathway for highly selective methanol production. This work represents an important milestone towards the development of advanced photothermal catalysts for scalable and cost‐effective CO2 hydrogenation.
Progressive Fabrication of a Pt‐Based High‐Entropy‐Alloy Catalyst toward Highly Efficient Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Luo Jun , Li Xu , Ye Yongjie , Zhou Tao , Wu Wenlong , Li Hongliang , Yang Qing , Yan Han , Zeng Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as burgeoning heterogeneous catalysts due to their vast material space, unique structure, and superior stability. However, the dominant trial‐and‐error approaches hamper the exploration of efficient catalysts, necessitating the development of rational design strategies. Here, we report a progressive approach to the design and fabrication of HEA catalysts guided by alloying effects toward propane dehydrogenation. Cu, Sn, Au, and Pd are selected and demonstrated to induce dilution, encapsulation, surface enrichment, and inhomogeneity effects on Pt. The fabricated HEA, PtCuSnAuPd/SiO2, exhibits excellent activity, selectivity, and stability. The propylene formation rates reach 256 and 390 molC3H6 gPt−1 h−1 at 550 and 600 °C, respectively. Systematic characterizations reveal that the random elemental mixing, structural stability, and high Pt exposure promote the exposure of abundant stable isolated Pt sites. This work comprehensively explores the rational design and fabrication of HEA catalysts from a unique perspective, offering opportunities for developing advanced catalysts.
Optimized Carbon Coupling for Enhanced Ethylene Production via a Unique Single‐Atom‐Substrate Synergy Mechanism within Photocatalytic Processes
Authors: Xing Hongbin , Xu Tingting , Meng Xin , Ju Qiang , Huo Hailing , Hu Ting , Huang Chengxi , Li Panpan , Kan Erjun , Li Ang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe utilization of solar‐driven technologies for the direct conversion of methanol (CH3OH) into two or multi‐carbon compounds through controlled carbon‐carbon (C−C) coupling is an appealing yet challenging objective. In this study, we successfully demonstrate the photocatalytic CH3OH coupling to ethylene (C2H4), a valuable chemical raw material, by employing a carbon nitride‐based catalyst. Specifically, we modify the layered polymer carbon nitride (PCN) photocatalyst through the incorporation of Au single atoms (Au1/PCN) using a chemical‐scissors method. The synergistic effect between the PCN substrate and the Au single atoms reduces the potential barrier associated with C−C coupling, thereby enhancing the efficiency of CH3OH reforming to C2H4. This investigation not only reveals a novel pathway for C2H4 production via CH3OH reforming but also provides fresh insights into the possibilities of C−C coupling.
Unexpected proteins involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism in Myxococcus xanthus DK1622
Authors: Izzat Selar , Abdullah Shahlaa M. , Sabir Mohammed N. , Wei Wen‐Ping , Ye Bang‐Ce , Rachid Shwan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRegulating secondary metabolite (SM) in Myxococcus xanthus bears the potential to influence the formation of important natural products with various biological activities. The authors of this study have previously found that the detectable levels of two proteins (4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase [HppD] and a Hsp90‐like protein [HtpG]) are affected by ROK inactivation. As evidence, the current study was designed to elucidate the possible role of these two proteins in regulating the SMs’ biosynthesis in this bacterium. To begin with, inactivation of the corresponding genes was carried out, and two mutant strains (M. xanthus hppD− and htpG−) were constructed. Subsequently, high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis for the metabolic extracts of the mutants revealed a significant reduction in the production of several SMs, like DKxanthene, myxalamide A, and myxochromide A, in comparison to the wild type. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assays using purified ROK protein suggested a direct binding on the genes’ promoter region encoding the two proteins under study. It is therefore possible to conclude that hppD and htpG genes are implicated in the bacterium SMs’ biosynthetic regulatory cascade, which seems to be directly regulated by the ROK protein. The present study provides additional evidence to a previous investigation showing the pleiotropic regulatory role of ROK on the production of SMs in M. xanthus.
Spectroscopic Studies on Maillard Reactions of Peanut Ara h 2.01 With Respective Reducing Sugars and Their Impacts on Ara h 2.01 Allergenicity
Authors: He Minghao , Chen Qian , Wang Yuxin , Zhu Qianqian , Xu Hong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe effects of the Maillard reactions of peanut Ara h 2.01 with respective glucose and xylose on its conformation and allergenicity were investigated. Circular dichroism (CD) spectral studies showed that short‐term heating alone with reducing sugars did not change protein secondary structures, but after undergoing Maillard reactions, its secondary structures changed with some α‐helices being transformed into β‐sheets and random coils. Fluorescence spectral studies indicated that as temperature increased, protein became loose and extended induced by the reducing sugars. Long heat treatment at higher temperature caused protein collapse with the extrusion of its internal water molecules, which was hindered partially by the reducing sugars that entered the protein in Maillard reaction. Resonance light scattering (RLS) spectra confirmed that more xylose molecules entered protein due to its stronger interaction with the protein after Maillard reactions. ELISA assays exhibited that heat treatment at 100°C led to some allergenic epitopes being embedded inside protein molecules due to protein collapse and that partial epitopes were covered by the reducing sugars after Maillard reaction, resulting in decreases in its allergenicity. Also, xylose reduced the allergenicity of protein more efficiently owing to the stronger interaction between them. All above experimental results were explained reasonably by bioinformatic analysis and molecular docking.
Disease Characteristics and Outcomes of 493 Young Myeloma Patients Treated With Modern Therapies: A Canadian Myeloma Research Group Database Study
Authors: Tanguay Mégane , Roy Jean , Su Jiandong , Gul Engin , Reece Donna , Venner Christopher P. , White Darrell , Chu Michael P. , Jimenez‐Zepada Victor H. , Song Kevin , Mccurdy Arleigh , Mian Hira , Sebag Michael , Bergstrom Debra , Stakiw Julie , Reiman Anthony , Kotb Rami , Aslam Muhammad , Kaedbey Rayan , Louzada Martha , LeBlanc Richard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundYoung patients ≤ 50 years old with multiple myeloma (MM) account for about 10% of cases and are underrepresented in the literature.MethodsWe explored disease characteristics, treatments, and outcomes following modern therapies of young MM patients using the Canadian Myeloma Research Group (CMRG) database. We included 493 patients ≤ 50 years old diagnosed with MM or plasma cell leukemia without concurrent amyloidosis or POEMS syndrome from January 1, 2010, to July 1, 2022.ResultsThe median age was 46 years old (range: 25.6–50). Most patients fell into the R‐ISS II category (72.7%), and 24.1% had high‐risk cytogenetics. The majority of patients (89.9%) received a proteasome inhibitor‐based first‐line treatment, 92.1% received a stem cell transplant, and 65.6% had maintenance therapy post–autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Median follow‐up from initial treatment to patients' last follow‐up was 48.5 (range: 0–155) months. Median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 45.0 months (95% CI: 40.2–50.0). Maintenance therapy post‐ASCT improved median PFS to 52.3 months (95% CI: 43.1–68.2), compared to 23.6 months (95% CI: 20.0–34.8) without maintenance [p < 0.001].ConclusionAlthough the overall survival has not yet been reached in this young population, our reported median PFS of only 45 months highlights the urgent need to develop innovative treatments to induce more profound and durable responses.
Protective Effect of Biochanin A on Gamma Radiation‐Induced Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Status, Apoptotic, and DNA Repairing Molecules in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Wei , Hu Tianpeng , Sun Momo , Wang Jin , Shen Jie , Ding Enci 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRadiation therapy is indispensable in medical practice but often causes adverse effects on healthy tissues, necessitating the search for natural radioprotectors. This study investigates the protective effect of Biochanin A (BCA) against gamma radiation‐induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in Swiss albino mice. Gamma radiation, a potent ionizing source, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage cellular biomolecules, including DNA. Antioxidants play a crucial role in neutralizing ROS and preventing oxidative damage. Swiss albino mice were divided into control, BCA control (10 mg/kg body weight), radiation alone (7 Gy), and radiation+ BCA pretreatment groups. BCA, a natural isoflavone with known antioxidant and cytoprotective properties, was administered intraperitoneally before radiation exposure. After irradiation, lipid peroxidation levels, antioxidant enzyme activities/level (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione), expression levels of DNA repair genes (P53, P21, GADD45α), apoptotic markers (Bax, Bcl‐2, Caspase‐3, ‐9 and Cytochrome‐C), and inflammatory marker (NF‐κB) were analyzed in small intestine tissue. Our findings indicate that gamma radiation significantly elevated lipid peroxidation levels and altered antioxidant enzyme activities, indicating oxidative stress. However, BCA pretreatment mitigated these effects by bolstering antioxidant defences, reducing radiation‐induced oxidative damage. Additionally, BCA altered apoptotic markers, NF‐κB expression, promoting cell survival mechanisms. At the molecular level, BCA pretreatment upregulated key DNA repair genes (P53, P21, GADD45α), crucial for repairing radiation‐induced DNA damage and maintaining genomic stability. These results underscore BCA potential as a radioprotector, suggesting its efficacy in mitigating radiation‐induced oxidative stress and preserving cellular integrity. In conclusion, BCA demonstrates promising radioprotective properties by attenuating oxidative stress, enhancing antioxidant defences, modulating apoptotic pathways, and promoting DNA repair mechanisms following gamma radiation exposure. Further research is necessary to elucidate its precise mechanisms of action and explore its potential therapeutic applications in radiation oncology and environmental radioprotection.
Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes of Drug‐Coated Balloon Following Directional Coronary Atherectomy for Bifurcated or Ostial Lesions in the DCA/DCB Registry
Authors: Kitani Shunsuke , Igarashi Yasumi , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Nakamura Shigeru , Koshida Ryoji , Habara Maoto , Tan Michinao , Shimoji Kenichiro , Takaya Tomofumi , Kijima Mikihiro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe long‐term efficacy of drug‐coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty for large bifurcation lesions, particularly those involving the left main trunk (LMT), remains unclear.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of directional coronary atherectomy followed by DCB (DCA/DCB) for large bifurcation lesions.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter study analyzed 129 cases from the DCA/DCB registry, with 80.4% involving LMT bifurcation lesions. Building on previously reported 12‐month outcomes, this study assessed long‐term results. The primary endpoint was clinically driven (CD) target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 36 months. Secondary endpoints included CD target vessel revascularization (TVR); CD target vessel failure (TVF); and adverse events, such as all‐cause mortality, cardiac death, target vessel acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the need for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), at 24 and 36 months.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 53.4 ± 23.9 months. The CD‐TLR rate was 5.0% at 24 months, and the primary endpoint was 5.9% at 36 months. CD‐TVR rates were 14.0% at 24 months and 15.0% at 36 months, while CD‐TVF rates were 14.9% at 24 months and 16.7% at 36 months. Adverse events included all‐cause mortality rates of 0.8% at 24 months and 1.8% at 36 months, and cardiac death rates of 0.8% at both 24 and 36 months. No target vessel AMI or CABG procedures were reported.ConclusionThe consistently low CD‐TLR rate at 36 months supports the efficacy of the DCA/DCB strategy for large bifurcation lesions, including LMT, indicating its sustained effectiveness. These findings highlight the viability of this treatment approach.