bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of left transverse testicular ectopia in an adult
Authors: Keshari Suraj , Pandey Archana , Subedi Abiral , Shrestha Rohit B. , Panta Priyanka , Aryal Manisha , Paudel Ishwor , Pandey Abhishek , Pande Prasamsa 
Published: November 2024

Introduction and importance:
Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes descend into the same inguinal canal and are located in the same hemiscrotum. Diagnosing TTE can be challenging due to its rarity and unusual presentation.

Case presentation:
The authors present a case of a male in his 50s who was diagnosed with left transverse testicular ectopia after presenting with an empty right hemiscrotum and two testes-like masses in the left hemiscrotum.

Clinical discussion:
TTE usually presents with a history of an inguinal hernia and a contralateral undescended testis. However, in our case, the patient had both testes in the left hemiscrotum without an inguinal hernia, making this case even rarer.

Conclusion:
Patients presenting with an empty hemiscrotum on one side and two testes-like masses on the other should be suspected of having TTE. In such cases, it is important to use imaging like USG or MRI, to identify and locate the ectopic site and assess the testicular morphology.
Evaluating Stigma Toward Individuals With Substance Use Disorder Among Prelicensure Nursing Students
Authors: Crook Jennifer I. , Giordano Nicholas A. , Mathias Joseph E. , Getz Tatiana , Febres-Cordero Sarah 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Seventeen percent of individuals in the United States live with substance use disorder (SUD). Nursing curricula may not adequately address SUD, and stigma can impact care.

Purpose:
This project aimed to measure stigma toward people with SUD among nursing students.

Methods:
Surveys were administered to prelicensure nursing students. Stigma was measured using the Opening Minds Provider Attitudes Toward Opioid-Use Scale. Students were asked about personal experience with SUD and perceived adequacy of SUD-related curricula.

Results:
A total of 193 students participated. The mean stigma score was 31.35. Those with personal experience had lower stigma scores than those without ([95% CI 2.26-9.23]; P value = .0014). Most students (71.0%) desired to see content from individuals with lived experience incorporated into curriculum.

Conclusion:
Addressing stigma in SUD education is critical for improving future patient care. Nursing schools should consider incorporating stigma-reducing content, including perspectives from individuals with lived experiences, into SUD curricula.
Interprofessional Team Training
Authors: Shorten Allison , Bosworth Peter , Camp Shelly , House David , Somerall William , Watts Penni , Webb Tera , Shorten Brett 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Interprofessional team training (IPTT) prepares students from health care professions for team-based care. Evaluating different learning environments to inform decisions about delivery format is timely and important.

Purpose:
To compare in-person and online IPTT learner outcomes.

Method:
Undergraduate and graduate students (n = 866) from 11 professions participated. Using retrospective pre-/post-methodology, 20 item Interprofessional Collaboration Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS) scores were compared, and qualitative responses analyzed.

Results:
Mean ICCAS scores improved for in-person and online delivery (P < .0001) with large effect sizes (Cohen’s D = 0.94-1.86). In-person delivery resulted in greatest improvement (P = .038), offset by online logistical benefits. Qualitative themes highlighted impact on learning, importance of facilitator competence, and setting expectations.

Conclusion:
IPTT achieved learning consistent with competency development. Advantages from in-person delivery should be weighed against online logistical advantages.
Ischemia/Reperfusion Upregulates Genes Related to PANoptosis in Human Lung Transplants
Authors: Zhao Yajin , Liang Lubiao , Jeon Jamie E. , Keshavjee Shaf , Liu Mingyao 
Published: November 2024

Background.
Activation of multiple programmed cell death (PCD) pathways has been reported in cellular and animal studies of ischemia/reperfusion injury in lung transplantation. However, the status of these pathways in human lung transplants remains unknown. This study investigates the involvement of PCD pathways and their relationship with inflammation and signaling pathways in human lung transplants.

Methods.
Transcriptomic analysis was conducted on 54 paired human lung tissue samples at the end of cold preservation time and 2 h after reperfusion, collected between 2008 and 2011. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA were used to examine the activation of genes in 6 PCD pathways. The relationships between PCD pathways and inflammation, as well as signaling pathways, were assessed via single-gene GSEA.

Results.
GSEA results indicated that apoptosis and necroptosis were significantly upregulated after reperfusion in human lung transplants, whereas the gene sets related to pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and cuproptosis were not significantly upregulated. Notably, single-sample GSEA demonstrated an intricate interplay among pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, collectively referred to as PANoptosis, which is further supported by enrichment of genes related to PANoptosome, inflammatory response, and nuclear factor-κB and interferon signaling pathways, via single-gene GSEA assays.

Conclusions.
This study demonstrated the genes of PANoptosis are upregulated in human lung grafts during reperfusion. The discovery of PANoptosis as an underlying mechanism of cell death in human lung grafts implies that effective therapeutics to prevent or reduce PANoptosis may alleviate ischemia/reperfusion injury and improve clinical lung transplant outcomes.
Exploring the Effect of Single-Session Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attention, Verbal Fluency, and Working Memory in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementia
Authors: Can Kazım Cihan , Ozel-Kizil Erguvan Tugba , Onar Deha , Duman Berker , Kırıcı Sevinç , Baştuğ Gülbahar , Baştuğ Metin 
Published: November 2024

Objectives
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applies low-intensity currents to the brain, resulting in short-term neurocognitive effects and long-term neuroplasticity enhancement. Limited research reported on the impact of tDCS on cognitive functions in dementia due to AD. This study aims to compare changes in verbal fluency and working memory following a single tDCS application to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in AD patients.

Methods
Patients with mild dementia due to AD underwent cognitive assessment using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test, Clock Drawing Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Functional Activities Questionnaire, Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. A single-session tDCS was administered by applying anodal tDCS to the left DLPFC for a duration of 30 minutes. Verbal fluency and working memory were evaluated before and after tDCS using the WAIS-R Digit Span Test forward and backward subscales, Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B, and Verbal Fluency Test.

Results
Regarding cognitive test scores before and after tDCS application, there were statistically significant reductions in the durations of TMT-A and TMT-B. However, there were no significant differences observed for TMT B-A, VFT, DST-forward, and DST-backward performances.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that a single anodal tDCS targeting the left DLPFC enhances attention and processing speed in AD patients but has no effect on working memory or verbal fluency.
Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipient With Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Nash Rebekah , Rosenkrans Daniel , Kolarczyk Lavinia , Khan Asif , Hatch Erica , Gala Gary , Laughon Sarah L. , McClure Robert K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Depression and heart failure are highly comorbid, with up to 35% of heart failure patients suffering from comorbid depression. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) serve as a major lifeline for patients with heart failure; however, despite the drastic improvement in cardiac function following LVAD implantation, up to 24% of LVAD recipients suffer from depression. Depression management in LVAD recipients is often complicated by the recipient's increased risk for antidepressant side effects, adverse drug reactions, and inability to safely receive certain interventional psychiatry therapies, as the LVAD is either a relative or absolute contraindication. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective for treatment-resistant depression; although it carries increased cardiovascular risks for the LVAD population (particularly bradycardia/hypotension and tachycardia/hypotension), these can be continuously monitored, along with LVAD function, such that with the close cooperation of a multidisciplinary team, the risks of ECT can be minimized. To our knowledge, there is only one published case report of ECT in an LVAD recipient. We present a case of an LVAD recipient with treatment-resistant depression who was successfully treated with ECT. Our case describes an approach by which ECT can be safely delivered to LVAD recipients with a collaborative multidisciplinary team approach.
Inhibition of serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 3 induces epidermal differentiation and decreases cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma risk
Authors: Donohue Isoline M. , He Haiyin , Nguyen Audrey , Hui Gavin , Muralidharan Jananee , Pike William C. , Jackson Michael L. , Ko Christine , Srivastava Ankit , Lee Carolyn S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSerine/Arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) is one of 12 SRSFs that regulate gene expression via alternative splicing. SRSF3 is upregulated in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and several squamous cancer cell lines in relation to normal keratinocytes. We suppressed SRSF3 with a specific inhibitor, SFI003, and observed an increase in epidermal differentiation. Our data suggests that in cSCC, SRSF3 overexpression suppresses cellular differentiation to enable cancer progression. In a clinical setting, patients taking known SRSF3 inhibitors digoxin and amiodarone exhibited higher cSCC-free survival compared to a propensity score-matched cohort treated with beta blockers. Thus, SRSF3 upregulation may be a novel therapeutic target in cSCC that can improve patient prognoses.
Moderate Static Magnetic Fields Prevent Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Bone Loss: Evidence from Ovariectomized Mouse Model and Small Sample Size Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Wang Shenghang , Yang Jiancheng , Wei Yunpeng , Cai Chao , Chen Shuai , Wu Youde , Li Xiao , Sun Lilei , Li Xianglin , Gong Ming , Zhou Jianhua , Hu Yawei , Zhang Wang , Guo Zengfeng , Liao Jiacheng , Luo Chunling , Bai Xiaosu , luo Xinle , Duan Liming , Huyan Ting , Yang Zhouqi , Wei Min , Fang Yanwen , Zhang Hao , Shang Peng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is the most common type of osteoporosis. Numerous studies have shown that static magnetic fields (SMFs) can inhibit bone loss by regulating bone remodeling. However, there are currently no clinical studies on the treatment of osteoporosis with SMFs. This study aims to investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of moderate static magnetic fields (MMFs) on PMOP.MethodsIn this paper, we constructed MMF device using neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) materials. At the animal level, the effect of MMF exposure for 8 weeks on estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss was investigated by evaluating bone microstructure, mechanical properties, and bone conversion using ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Clinically, a single-blind randomized controlled study in patients with PMOP was designed. PMOP patients aged 55-70 years were recruited and randomized into the control and MMF treatment groups. Clinical assessments of bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and VAS scores were performed at baseline and day 90, respectively.ResultsThe results showed that MMF exposure significantly improved BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), bone microarchitecture and bone strength in OVX mice. For bone turnover, MMF increased the number of osteoblasts on the bone surface of OVX mice as well as the level of serum bone formation marker P1NP, while decreasing the number of osteoclasts and the level of serum bone resorption marker β-CTX. The clinical trial’s results showed that MMF treatment had a positive effect on the improvement of BMD in the lumbar spine and increased serum P1NP levels while decreased β-CTX levels. In addition, MMF treatment decreased participants’ VAS scores for low back pain.ConclusionsThe results of both animal and clinical studies demonstrated that MMF treatment improved bone turnover and have a positive effect on BMD improvement, as well as alleviated low back pain in PMOP patients. This study will promote the translational research and clinical application of SMF treatment for osteoporosis.Trial registrationIntervention study of moderate static magnetic field on osteoporosis and iron metabolism in postmenopausal women, ChiCTR2100048604
Interferon-λ-Neutralizing Autoantibodies and Common Autoimmune Disease Autoantibodies in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome
Authors: Yin Xihui , Frankovich Jennifer , Kalaycioglu Muge , Choudhury Ananya , Burry Michael J. , Kwon Woo Joo , Ma Meiqian , Farhadian Bahare , Manko Cindy , Silverman Melissa , Xie Yuhuan , Tran Paula , Schlenk Noelle , Utz Paul J. , Prestwood Tyler R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) is characterized by sudden onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms in conjunction with other neuropsychiatric manifestations including disturbances in sleep, urination, cognition, and behavior with increased emotional lability and irritability. Clinical observations, including physical exam and laboratory findings, show many similarities between PANS cases and pediatric autoimmune conditions. While published studies have suggested autoantibodies are common in PANS patients, the molecular targets of these autoantibodies (AAbs) remain poorly characterized. Here, we profile the AAbs in 225 plasma samples taken from 166 PANS patients during periods of active disease, or flares, in comparison with 83 pediatric healthy controls using custom Luminex microbead panels conjugated with highly curated antigens from common autoimmune diseases as well as cytokines and chemokines. We find that PANS patients exhibit increased prevalence of AAbs against autoantigens known to be targeted scleroderma and GI/endocrine autoimmune conditions, reflective of clinical observations. Remarkably, a subset of PANS patients exhibits AAbs against interferon-λ, which is an important line of defense against infections at anatomic barriers. Furthermore, 9 of the 11 patients with IFN-λ-binding AAbs were found to be exhibit neutralizing activity. Overall, these findings demonstrate an autoimmune component to PANS and provide insight into a potential disease mechanism mediated by immune deficits at barrier surfaces.
A Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 Model for Investigating Post-acute Sequelae of COVID infection
Authors: Qiao Haowen , Qu Yafei , Qiu Lingxi , Chiu Yuanpu , He Xiao , Ge Tenghuan , Zhao Zhen , Yuan Weiming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a major health issue after nearly 7 millions of death toll in the last four years. As the world is recovering with improving vaccines and antiviral treatments, the alarming rate of long-COVID, or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), calls for further investigations. Among a list of symptoms associated with multi-organ dysfunctions, the neurological complications are particularly intriguing, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. With the recently developed mouse adapted SARS-CoV-2 stain, we are now able to model the mild COVID infection in C57BL/6 mice and study the chronic immune responses and subsequent damages in different organs long after the viruses are clearly naturally in the body. More specifically, we found adult C57BL/6J mice developed neurological impairments, including behavior changes related to sensorimotor coordination, depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, and inflammation in multiple organs including lung, liver and brain, which persisted over at least 4 weeks in mice even with mild infection. Therefore, this model can be used to further explopred the mechanisms of PASC, as well as potential intervention or therapeutic approaches.
Independent and joint effects of genomic and exposomic loads for schizophrenia on distressing and persisting psychotic experiences in adolescence
Authors: Vincenzo Matteo Di , Prachason Thanavadee , Sampogna Gaia , Arias-Magnasco Angelo , Lin Bochao Danae , Pries Lotta-Katrin , van Os Jim , Rutten Bart P.F. , Barzilay Ran , Fiorillo Andrea , Guloksuz Sinan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo assess the longitudinal associations of genomic and exposomic liabilities for schizophrenia, both independently and jointly, with distressing psychotic experiences (PEs) and their persistence in early adolescence. The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study data from children with European ancestry were used (n=5,122). The primary outcome was past-month distressing PEs at 3-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes were lifetime distressing PEs defined at varying cutoffs of persistence (from ≥ 1-4 waves). Multilevel logistic regression models were used to test the independent and joint associations of the binary modes (risk-category defined as above 75th percentile) of polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ75) and exposome score for schizophrenia (ES-SCZ75) on the outcomes. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was determined using the delta method to indicate departure additive interaction. PRS-SCZ75was statistically significantly associated with lifetime distressing PEs (≥ 1 wave) (OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.08, 1.53]) and repeating distressing PEs ≥ 2 waves (OR 1.34 [95% CI 1.08, 1.65]) but not with past-month distressing PEs or repeating distressing PEs at a higher cutoff of persistence. ES-SCZ75was consistently associated with past-month and repeating distressing PEs at all cutoffs, with increasing strength of association as a function of PEs persistence (one wave: OR 2.77 [95% CI 2.31, 3.31]; two waves: OR 3.16 [95% CI 2.54, 3.93]; three waves: OR 3.93 [95% CI 2.86, 5.40]; four waves: OR 3.65 [95% CI 2.34, 5.70]). There was evidence for additive interaction between ES-SCZ75and PRS-SCZ75for lifetime distressing PEs (RERI=1.26 95%CI: 0.14, 2.38), and repeating distressing PEs ≥ 2 waves (RERI=1.79, 95%CI: 0.35, 3.23). Genomic and exposomic liabilities for schizophrenia were independently and jointly associated with distressing PEs, as well as their persistence in early adolescence.
The relationship between brain structure and reduced hand dexterity in older adults
Authors: Manelis Anna , Hu Hang , Satz Skye 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHand dexterity is affected by normal aging and neuroinflammatory processes in the brain. Understanding the relationship between hand dexterity and brain structure in neurotypical older adults may inform about prodromal pathological processes, thus providing an opportunity for earlier diagnosis and intervention to improve functional outcomes. This study investigates the associations between hand dexterity and brain measures in neurotypical older adults (≥65 years) using the Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Elastic net regularized regression revealed that reduced hand dexterity in dominant and non-dominant hands was associated with enlarged volume of the left choroid plexus, the region implicated in neuroinflammatory and altered myelination processes, and reduced myelin content in the left frontal operculum, the region implicated in motor imagery, action production, and higher-order motor functions. Distinct neural mechanisms underlying hand dexterity in dominant and non-dominant hands included the differences in caudate and thalamic volumes as well as altered cortical myelin patterns in frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions supporting sensorimotor and visual processing and integration, attentional control, and eye movements. Although elastic net identified more predictive features for the dominant vs. non-dominant hand, the feature stability was higher for the latter, thus indicating higher generalizability for the non-dominant hand model. Our findings suggest that the 9HPT for hand dexterity may serve as a cost-effective screening tool for early detection of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. Longitudinal studies are needed to validate our findings in a larger sample and explore the potential of hand dexterity as an early clinical marker.
Potential Lives Saved Through Widespread Global Availability of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Modeling Study
Authors: Brook David , Singer Peter A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis model attempts to quantify the potential impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) in reducing global mortality linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using global population data, T2DM and obesity prevalence, cardiovascular risk, and mortality reduction from GLP-1s, we estimate that ∼943,000 lives could be saved annually with widespread global access to GLP-1 receptor agonists for individuals with obesity and/or T2DM and CVD.
In vivoTreatment of a Severe Vascular Disease via a Bespoke CRISPR-Cas9 Base Editor
Authors: Alves Christiano R. R. , Das Sabyasachi , Krishnan Vijai , Ha Leillani L. , Fox Lauren R. , Stutzman Hannah E. , Shamber Claire E. , Kalailingam Pazhanichamy , McCarthy Siobhan , Cardenas Christian L. Lino , Fong Claire E. , Imai Takahiko , Mitra Sunayana , Yun Shuqi , Wood Rachael K , Benning Friederike M. C. , Lawton Joseph , Kim Nahye , Silverstein Rachel A. , Ferreira da Silva Joana , de la Cruz Demitri , Richa Rashmi , Malhotra Rajeev , Chung David Y. , Chao Luke H. , Tsai Shengdar Q. , Maguire Casey A. , Lindsay Mark E. , Kleinstiver Benjamin P. , Musolino Patricia L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGenetic vascular disorders are prevalent diseases that have diverse etiologies and few treatment options. Pathogenic missense mutations in the alpha actin isotype 2 gene (ACTA2) primarily affect smooth muscle cell (SMC) function and cause multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS), a genetic vasculopathy that is associated with stroke, aortic dissection, and death in childhood. Here, we explored genome editing to correct the most common MSMDS-causative mutationACTA2R179H. In a first-in-kind approach, we performed mutation-specific protein engineering to develop a bespoke CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme with enhanced on-target activity against the R179H sequence. To directly correct the R179H mutation, we screened dozens of configurations of base editors (comprised of Cas9 enzymes, deaminases, and gRNAs) to develop a highly precise corrective A-to-G edit with minimal deleterious bystander editing that is otherwise prevalent when using wild-type SpCas9 base editors. We then created a murine model of MSMDS that exhibits phenotypes consistent with human patients, including vasculopathy and premature death, to explore thein vivotherapeutic potential of this base editing strategy. Delivery of the customized base editor via an engineered SMC-tropic adeno-associated virus (AAV-PR) vector substantially prolonged survival and rescued systemic phenotypes across the lifespan of MSMDS mice, including in the vasculature, aorta, and brain. Together, our optimization of a customized base editor highlights how bespoke CRISPR-Cas enzymes can enhance on-target correction while minimizing bystander edits, culminating in a precise editing approach that may enable a long-lasting treatment for patients with MSMDS.