bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation in English earnings conference calls: a corpus-assisted contrastive study
Authors: Pang Jixian , Chen Fang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn earnings conference call is a hybrid genre of reporting and promotional discourses in which evaluation plays an important role. Using data from two self-built corpora, this study aims to explore the frequency and functions of evaluation in English earnings conference calls issued by Chinese companies and international companies. Using the computer software package Wmatrix, we carried out a key semantic domains analysis and keywords analysis of the data. The major findings of the analyses are as follows: First, the four parameters of evaluation receive different degrees of importance in earnings conference calls. Second, in earnings conference calls evaluation performs three inter-related functions: as an image promotion strategy, as a speaker identity indexing strategy, and as metadiscourse. Third, although there are similarities, speakers of Chinese companies deviate from their international counterparts in using evaluative language during the calls in aspects of parameters and word choice. Possible reasons for these similarities and differences are discussed with reference to the functions of evaluation in the call as a hybrid genre, genre awareness, and cultural influences.
El desarrollo institucional de una unidad de emprendimiento y empresarismo como estrategia de inclusión social
Authors: Zambrano Valdivieso Oscar Javier 
Published: June 2018

El artículo plantea el reto de generar inclusión social, mediante una mayor productividad, más oportunidades de empleo y sobre todo más estrategias para permitir que las ideas de negocios en el mercado nacional e internacional se conviertan en una realidad permanente, principalmente para la juventud de Colombia. Se señala la importancia de promover la innovación y la creatividad y fortalecer las unidades productivas existentes. Se realiza un una investigación de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, a través de la metodología de estudio de caso. El proyecto se efectuó en el contexto educativo de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, Centro Regional Bucaramanga. Entre los resultados que se obtienen, se pueden destacar el diseño del modelo para la obtención de apoyo económico, publicitario, asesoramiento legal, acompañamiento durante el proceso de varias instituciones y una gestión y análisis rigorosa que permite la continuidad del proyecto. El proyecto permitió sensibilizar, fomentar y acompañar, con responsabilidad social, las iniciativas de emprendimiento y de negocios de la comunidad UNIMINUTO. También se brindaron servicios de asesoría y consultoría en materia de emprendimiento y empresarismo mediante la aplicación del modelo que logra consolidar la Unidad de Emprendimiento y Empresarismo, como organismo articulador desde la comunidad vinculada con la institución.
Characteristics of Children Hospitalized for Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures Due to Conversion Disorder Versus Epilepsy
Authors: Luthy Sarah K. , Moss Angela F. , Torok Michelle R. , McLeod Lisa , Wilson Karen M. 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES:Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are a manifestation of conversion disorder among children but can be difficult to distinguish from epilepsy. We sought to identify characteristics that differentiate children with PNES from those with epilepsy.METHODS:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children admitted with epilepsy or PNES to 45 children’s hospitals from 2004 to 2014. Children with PNES (n = 399) versus those with epilepsy (n = 13 241) were compared on demographic and clinical characteristics, testing, treatment, and health care use. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was used to identify characteristics associated with PNES diagnosis.RESULTS:Children with PNES were more likely to be female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–3.0), older (aOR 3.8; 95% CI 2.7–5.3 for 14–16 years old), African American (aOR 2.0; 95% CI 1.5–2.7), and have diagnosis codes for psychiatric disorders (aOR 7.1; 95% CI 5.6–9.1) and pain (aOR 2.6; 95% CI 1.9–3.4). They were also more likely to be admitted in the fall (aOR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4–2.8) or spring (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.4–2.6) versus summer. Total adjusted hospitalization costs were greater for children with epilepsy ($4724, 95% CI $4413–$5057 vs $5326, 95% CI $5259–$5393; P = .001); length of stay was similar.CONCLUSIONS:Demographic and clinical characteristics differed among children with PNES versus those with epilepsy, including significantly increased odds of psychiatric and pain diagnoses among children with PNES. To better inform treatment and prognostication for children with PNES, research is needed to understand reasons for these differences, seasonal admission patterns, and the relationship between PNES and other psychiatric disorders.
Teamwork on Rounds on an Inpatient Ward Team: An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Falco Carla , Balmer Dorene 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pediatric hospitalists are expected to be adept at effective teamwork; yet, studies in which researchers describe teamwork practices in general pediatric inpatient settings are lacking. Our aim in this study was to examine the roles that general pediatric team members assume in real-life settings and how team members conduct teamwork practices on family-centered rounds.

METHODS:
In the ethnographic tradition, we observed a general pediatric team on a hospitalist service, focusing on family-centered rounds, and conducted in-depth interviews with interns, senior residents, and faculty. We collected data in the form of field notes from observations and transcribed interviews and used constant comparison methods to create codes and generate themes. We used Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS) as an analytic lens and organizing framework.

RESULTS:
Communication occurred in both structured and unstructured ways. Situation monitoring happened during routines, such as running the list, and led to creating a plan of patient care through shared decision-making. Some leadership characteristics were not exclusive to 1 team member. Finally, mutual support occurred through task completion and empowering learners; for example, attending physicians empowered senior residents, who also helped interns.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings aligned with some, but not all, teamwork principles from TeamSTEPPS; misalignment may be due to contextual factors, such as the need to provide medical education and the development of grassroots routines (eg, running the list). Context is a key consideration when developing interventions to enhance teamwork on inpatient medical wards.
Psychiatric Diagnoses and Weight Loss Among Adolescents Receiving Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Mackey Eleanor R. , Wang Jichuan , Harrington Chloe , Nadler Evan P. 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Severe obesity is associated with higher risk of psychiatric difficulties. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment of severe obesity. Few guidelines exist regarding the association of psychiatric diagnoses in adolescents and outcomes after surgery because of the lack of longitudinal research. Our objective is to evaluate the rates of psychiatric diagnoses in adolescents undergoing surgery compared with those not receiving surgery and the association of preoperative psychiatric diagnoses with postsurgical weight loss outcomes.

METHODS:
Adolescents (N = 222) referred for psychological evaluation at one institution for bariatric surgery (2009–2017) completed semistructured clinical interviews to assess the presence and number of psychiatric diagnoses. Comparison analyses were conducted between those who did not end up receiving surgery (N = 53) and those who did (N = 169). Using longitudinal modeling, we assessed the association of preoperative diagnoses with weight loss outcomes between 3 and 12 months after surgery.

RESULTS:
Seventy-one percent of adolescents qualified for a psychiatric disorder. There were no differences in rates of specific disorders or numbers of diagnoses between those receiving surgery and those not receiving surgery. The presence or absence or number of diagnoses before surgery was not associated with weight loss outcomes after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:
Psychiatric diagnoses are prevalent among adolescents with severe obesity. These diagnoses are not associated with weight loss outcomes. The presurgical psychological evaluation serves as an opportunity to identify adolescents experiencing psychiatric problems and provide them with care but should not necessarily be considered a contraindication to surgery.
Inhibitory Effects of Baicalein Derived from Japanese Traditional Herbal Medicine on SN-38 Glucuronidation
Authors: Satoh Takashi , Igarashi Ayaka , Tanno Misaki , Yamada Koki , Takahashi-Suzuki Natsuko , Watanabe Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: The chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan is hydrolyzed to its active form SN-38 by human carboxyesterases, but SN-38 is converted into the inactive form SN-38G by hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of two b-glucuronidase-treated Japanese traditional herbal medicines (kampo), Hange-Shashin-To (TJ-14) and Sairei-To (TJ-114) on SN-38 glucuronidation, and the deglycosylation of baicalin (BG) and glycyrrhizic acid (GL) derived from TJ-14 and TJ-114 to form their respective aglycones, baicalein (BA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). Methods: The inhibitory effects of b-glucuronidase-treated TJ-14 and TJ-114 on SN-38 glucuronidation by human liver microsomes were examined. BA and GA, which were enzymatically converted from BG and GL present in TJ-14 and TJ-114, were examined in the same manner. Furthermore, the enzymatic activities were measured by using recombinant UGT1A1 and UGT1A9 isoforms instead of human liver microsomes. BA, GA, SN-38, and their glycosides/glucuronides were analyzed with an LC-MS system. Results: As regards the linear initial reaction rate, SN-38 glucuronidation by human liver microsomes was significantly inhibited by the addition of b-glucuronidase-untreated TJ-14 and TJ-114, but was more strongly inhibited by the addition of b-glucuronidase-treated TJ-14 and TJ-114. The results of LC-MS analysis and pharmacokinetic studies suggested that BA is the main inhibitor of SN-38 glucuronidation. In the Dixon plot, BA showed competitive inhibition of SN-38 glucuronidation, and the inhibition constant was 8.70 ± 3.24 mM. Previous reports, studies of recombinant UGT isoforms indicated that SN-38 glucuronidation was mainly catalyzed by UGT1A1. Conclusions: These findings strongly suggested that SN-38 glucuronidation is inhibited by BA. BA could act as a pharmacokinetic regulating factor associated with SN-38 glucuronidation. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
Nursing professionals' attitudes toward biostatistics: an international web-based survey
Authors: Ocakoğlu Gökhan , Kaya Mehmet Onur , Can Fatma Ezgi , Atış Sema , Macunluoğlu Aslı Ceren 
Published: June 2018

Objective: The present
study, an international web-based survey, was focused on four aims: to obtain
nursing professional’s self-reported statistical knowledge levels and how this knowledge varies by
research area, to investigate and specify when biostatistics courses should
be taught in nursing education and to identify the key statistical methods
relevant to nursing education. Methods: A total of 448 nursing
professionals from five continents and 52 countries participated in our study.
For the data comparison, the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the
Pearson Chi Square and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests were applied. Results: The results indicate that while nursing professionals place an emphasis on
biostatistics education, the majority state that biostatistics education should
be taken both at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and the participants
also believe that taking a biostatistics course is useful for their occupation.
A biostatistics education should also emphasize the necessity of consulting to
a biostatistician when planning a study. Conclusion: Our study provides
information regarding self-reported levels of biostatistical knowledge of
nursing professionals by research area and academic position, and provides
guidance regarding the ideal semester for administering a biostatistics course.
Preparation and application of modified zeolites as adsorbents in wastewater treatment
Authors: Shi Jiahui , Yang Zixuan , Dai Hongliang , Lu Xiwu , Peng Lihong , Tan Xiangyi , Shi Lijun , Fahim Raana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Natural zeolite has been recognized as a useful adsorbent for wastewater treatment for removing cations. Natural zeolite is a kind of porous material with large specific surface area but limited adsorption capacity. In recent years, emphasis has been given to prepare the surface modified zeolite using various procedures to enhance the potential of zeolite for pollutants. Modification treatment for zeolite can greatly change surface chemistry and pore structure. The article describes various modification methods of zeolite, and introduces the removal mechanisms of common pollutants such as ammonium, phosphorus and heavy metals. In addition, this review paper intends to present feasibility of applying modified zeolite to constructed wetlands which will be beneficial to achieve higher removal effect.
Comparison of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Algorithms to Control DC-DC Converters in Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Shadlu Milad Samady 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Using the solar energy by photovoltaic arrays is constantly increasing and has
been considered as one of the cleanest sources of energy in recent years. One of the ways to reduce the
cost of photovoltaic systems is to maximize the power delivered to the load. On the other hand,
changing the load leads to change the operating point of the solar conversion system and causes
deviation from the maximum power point (MPP).

Methods:
For this reason, in various research studies, attention has been paid to MPPT methods
applicable in photovoltaic systems. In this paper, a comparison is performed between conventional
MPPT methods including Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (INC), Fractional
Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV), Ripple Correlation Control (RCC) and Extremum Seeking Control
(ESC). Only current and voltage parameters of the PV panel are measured instantly and used to generate
control signals. However, the output voltage of the PV cells is relatively low without using the DC-DC
converters.

Results:
Therefore, high-performance DC-DC converters need to convert the low voltage PV arrays into
high DC voltages to handle the 220 VAC systems.

Conclusion:
Accordingly, in this study, conventional DC-DC converters including Boost, Buck and
Buck-Boost converters are investigated, and each of them is simulated using different MPPT controllers
and the results are compared together. It is worth noting that all of the simulations are carried out using
MATLAB/Simulink.
Conhecer contextos, conhecer profissionais: Contributo para explorar o desenvolvimento de competências interculturais em contextos educativos
Authors: Santos Silva Daniela Filipa , Marques da Silva Sofia 
Published: June 2018

O aumento de mobilidades e de movimentos migratórios na sociedade contemporânea europeia tem reflexo nos mais diversos contextos sociais, trazendo desafios particulares ao campo educativo. Neste alinhamento, as questões da diversidade cultural tornam-se audíveis não apenas pela emergência de situações mediatizadas, mas também porque nos relembram “velhas” diversidades, por vezes esquecidas. Este artigo procura contribuir para uma discussão em torno de preocupações que, sendo também de natureza global, se estendem a contextos educativos locais, onde diversidades culturais se vivem e produzem envolvendo diferentes figuras. O contributo decorre de um estudo qualitativo que procurou dar conta de competências valorizadas, apropriadas e mobilizadas por profissionais em contextos educativos formais, não formais e informais, no trabalho com diversidades étnicas, especificamente com jovens descendentes de imigrantes e de minorias étnicas. As entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos de discussão focalizada possibilitaram conhecer um conjunto de competências profissionais que se organizaram em três dimensões: uma dimensão relacional, uma dimensão prática e uma dimensão de integração cultural e social.Palavras-chave:Educação inter/multicultural; Competências profissionais; Diversidade cultural; ABSTRACTThe increasing mobility and migration movements in the European contemporary society have impacted multiple social contexts, bringing particular challenges to the education field. In this line, cultural diversity issues become heard, not only due to the emergence of mediatic situations, but also because they remind us of “old” diversities, sometimes forgotten. This article aims to contribute to a discussion which combines global concerns and influences local education contexts. This contribution comes from a qualitative study that aimed to account for competences that were valued, appropriated and used by professionals in formal, non-formal and informal education contexts, while working with ethnic diversities, namely with young people with a migrant background and from ethnic minorities. The semi structured interviews and the focus group discussions allowed us to know a set of professional competences which are organized into three dimensions: relational, practical and cultural and social integration.Keywords: Inter/multicultural education; Professional competences; Cultural diversity
INDUCTION OF AUTOPHAGY IN HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER CELL LINE (SIHA) BY CHAETOMORPHA LINUM (MULLER) KÜTZ.
Authors: Majumder Indira , Paul Subhabrata , Kundu Rita 
Published: June 2018

Objective: Algae is a rich source of various metabolites. Use of algae in traditional medicine was reported from very early days. The potential anticancerous activity of the algae was also reported by recent researches. In the present study, cell death mechanism induced by green alga Chaetomorpha linum (Muller) Kütz. was studied on human cervical cancer cell line, SiHa (Human papilloma virus-HPV 16+ve).Methods: Cells were treated with chloroform fraction of the Chaetomorpha linum (CLC). DNA fragmentation, cell proliferation, nuclear morphology, localization of autophagosomes and expression of relevant proteins were studied. Cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by fluorescence assisted cell sorting (FACS). Gas chromatography liquid spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of CLC was done to detect the algal compounds.Results: Preliminary experiments confirmed the absence of DNA fragmentation and altered nuclear morphology in the treated cells. In the Acridine Orange stained cells, the presence of autophagosomes was observed by both microscopy and FACS analysis. Decreased MMP was observed in the treated sets. Wound healing assay showed the inhibitory activity of CLC on SiHa cells. Increased expression of autophagic proteins, viz; LC3BII, p62/SQSTM, Beclin-1 and decreased expression of S6 were observed in the treated sets; indicating that autophagic cell death was induced. Preliminary qualitative chemical study and GCMS analysis detected the presence of saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, steroids and fatty acids in CLC.Conclusion: All these findings clearly suggested that the chloroform fraction of the algae was responsible for induction of apoptosis followed by autophagic cell death in SiHa and can serve as a potential candidate for anticancer drug development in future.
EFFECT OF GRANULE SIZE, COMPACTION PRESSURE AND CONCENTRATION OF MALVA VERTICILLATA MUCILAGE ON THE IN VITRO PROPERTIES OF TABLETS
Authors: Korir Patrick Cheruiyot , Salim Ali Mohamed , Odalo Josiah Ochieng , Waudo Walyambillah , Gitu Leonard Mwangi 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To evaluate the effect of binder concentration, granule size and distance between punches on mechanical strength and drug release properties of tablets containing Malva verticillata mucilage (MVM) as a binder.Methods: Paracetamol and lactose were converted into wet coherent masses by a liquid solution containing 1-3% w/w MVM as a binder. Granules containing 2% w/w binder was used to investigate the effect of granule size and distance between punches. Compressed tablets were evaluated for crushing strength, disintegration time and in vitro drug release using pharmacopeial methods.Results: Granules containing MVM were found to be free-flowing and compatible with paracetamol. Mechanical strength and drug release properties of mucilage tablets significantly correlated with the amount of MVM binder. Tablet crushing strength was 3.54-7.12 kg/cm2 while disintegration time 7.13-16.67 min. Compression pressure and granule size had no significant effects on drug release properties of mucilage tablets. Crushing strength of mucilage tablets were higher and significantly different (t(26) = 7.9631, p<0.05) from acacia tablets in the tested variables. The cumulative drug release rate of mucilage tablets was also lower than that of acacia tablets in tested concentrations.Conclusion: Properties of tablets containing 2.5% w/w MVM matched the prescribed pharmaceutical limits and hence M. verticillata root mucilage has a great potential to become a new source of tablet binder.
Pretreatment costs of care and time to initial treatment for patients with cancer of unknown primary
Authors: Walker Mark S , Weinstein Laura , Luo Roger , Marino Ingrid 
Published: June 2018

Aim:
Time to treatment and pretreatment costs may be affected by unknown primary tumor site.
Methods:
This retrospective study used electronic medical record data from patients in ten US community oncology practices. Eligible patients were ≥18 years, diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) or known metastatic solid tumor, and presented between 1 January 2012 and 30 June 2014.
Results:
Patients with CUP (n = 294) had a longer interval than non-CUP patients (n = 92) from presentation to treatment initiation (1.18 vs 0.49 months, p < 0.0001), and had higher pretreatment costs (US$27,882 vs US$20,449, p = 0.0075). When analyzed as monthly cost, the difference between groups in log-cost per month was nonsignificant.
Conclusion:
Higher pretreatment costs in CUP patients appeared attributable to significantly longer time to initiation of therapy.
Política energética argentina: un balance del periodo 2003-2015
Authors: Ceppi Natalia Paola 
Published: June 2018

<p>La política energética, como toda política pública, requiere por parte de los poderes gubernamentales, un conjunto de disposiciones precisas y coordinadas para gestionar con eficacia un sector que es estratégico. Cada país adopta su política energética con base en factores como la dotación de recursos, las políticas macroeconómicas; el esquema normativo y la visión sobre la relación Estado/mercado en el rubro, entre otros. El presente trabajo analiza la política energética de la República Argentina en el siglo XXI, considerando sus particularidades más destacadas; la existencia de sus cambios/continuidades y los principales desafíos a futuro.</p>