bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst following Percutaneous Trigger Finger Release
Authors: Tsai Ting-Chien , Lo Sheng-Pin , Lien Fang-Chieh 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEpidermal inclusion cyst is a benign lesion that commonly occurs due to inclusion of epidermal cells into the dermal or deeper layers in a trauma event. Percutaneous release is a minimally invasive technique, and good surgical outcomes can be achieved. However, the percutaneous procedure is a puncture injury, and the epidermal inclusion cyst is reasonable to become a possible complication. In this article, we presented a case of trigger finger in left middle finger. The patient underwent percutaneous release as the treatment and a second percutaneous release 5 months later due to recurrence of the symptoms. An epidermal inclusion cyst was noted 5 months thereafter, and it was treated with excision. With this case, we need to be more aware of this possibility if a mass lesion without infection signs occurs in the released area and recommend sonography if there is a mass lesion a few months after the procedure.
Alveolar Oxygen Uptake and Blood Flow Dynamics in Knee Extension Ergometry
Authors: MacDonald M. J. , Shoemaker J. K. , Borkhoff C. , Hughson R. L. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:The relationship was studied between the increase in oxygen uptake (VO2) measured breath-by-breath at the mouth, and the increase in femoral artery blood flow measured continuously with pulsed and echo Doppler methods. Five men exercised at 50 W on a knee extension ergometer in both the supine and the upright posture. The kinetics of the responses were determined by curve fitting to obtain the mean response time (MRT = 63% of the time required to achieve steady state). In the upright position, the increase in blood flow (MRT = 12.4 ± 9.4 s, mean ± SD) was faster than the increase in VO2 (29.6 ± 9.3 s). Likewise in the supine position, blood flow increased more rapidly (25.1 + 9.7 s vs. 36.7 ± 9.6 s). It should be noted that the increase in blood flow appeared to be faster than VO2, yet when blood flow adapted more slowly in the supine posture, it had an impact on the adaptation of VO2. This suggests that blood flow might have important effects on metabolism at the onset of submaximal exercise.
Ambulatory Behavior Map, Physical Activity and Biosignal Monitoring System
Authors: Murakami D. , Makikawa M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:In this study, we have developed an ambulatory human behavior map and physical activity monitoring system. This was accomplished by equipping our portable digital biosignal memory device developed previously with GPS sensors and piezoresistive accelerometers. Using this new system, we can get a subject’s behavior map, and estimate his physical activities and posture changes in daily life.
Critical Appraisal of Indices for the Assessment of Baroreflex Sensitivity
Authors: Castiglioni P. , Mancia G. , Parati G. , Pedotti A. , Di Rienzo M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:The sequence technique and the spectral estimation of the alpha coefficient are currently employed for the assessment of “spontaneous” baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). The comparison of performance and effectiveness of these techniques is obtained by the analysis of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse interval (PI) tracings recorded in conscious cats before and after baroreceptor denervation. Results indicate that (1) the average BRS estimates obtained by the sequence technique and by the alpha coefficient at the respiratory frequency are similar, (2) the alpha coefficients computed at the respiratory frequency tend to be higher than alpha coefficients estimated at 0.1 Hz, and (3) in spite of what is traditionally claimed, the PI-SBP coherence does not seem to represent a reliable parameter to enhance the specificity of the spectral estimate, because coherence values often remain above the 0.5 threshold also after baroreceptor denervation.
Framework for Biosignal Interpretation in Intensive Care and Anesthesia
Authors: Korhonen I. , van Gils M. , Kari A. , Saranummi N. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:Improved monitoring improves outcomes of care. As critical care is “critical”, everything that can be done to detect and prevent complications as early as possible benefits the patients. In spite of major efforts by the research community to develop and apply sophisticated biosignal interpretation methods (BSI), the uptake of the results by industry has been poor. Consequently, the BSI methods used in clinical routine are fairly simple. This paper postulates that the main reason for the poor uptake is the insufficient bridging between the actors (i.e., clinicians, industry and research). This makes it difficult for the BSI developers to understand what can be implemented into commercial systems and what will be accepted by clinicians as routine tools. A framework is suggested that enables improved interaction and cooperation between the actors. This framework is based on the emerging commercial patient monitoring and data management platforms which can be shared and utilized by all concerned, from research to development and finally to clinical evaluation.
Multivariate Closed-Loop Model for Analysis of Cardiovascular Dynamics
Authors: Korhonen I. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract.This paper introduces a closed-loop model for the analysis of interactions between heart rate and blood pressure variability, and respiration. The respiratory influence is modeled with an anti-causal structure to control the possible phase lead of heart rate to instantaneous lung volume. The closed-loop structure between heart rate and blood pressure allows the analysis of inter-relationships between the signals. Simulations and results on experimental data show the identifiability of the model and the robustness of the noise source contribution analysis over a wide range of model orders.
Neural Network-Based PET Image Reconstruction
Authors: Kosugi Y. , Sase M. , Suganami Y. , Uemoto N. , Momose T. , Nishikawa J. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:In PET image analysis, conventional deconvolution alone will not give sufficient information for a precise study of a localized brain function. In the deconvolution process, which is a type of inverse problem, it is important to confine the solution space by incorporating a priori knowledge such as the tissue distribution given by MR images as well as smoothness in the blood flow distribution profile. An MR-embedded neural-network model is described to reduce the partial volume effect in the restoration of blood flow profiles from PET images.
Nonlinear Pattern Analysis of Ventricular Premature Beats by Mutual Information
Authors: Saitoh H. , Yokoshima T. , Kishida H. , Hayakawa H. , Cohen R. J. , Osaka M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:The frequency of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) has been related to the risk of mortality. However, little is known about the temporal pattern of occurrence of VPBs and its relationship to autonomic activity. Hence, we applied a general correlation measure, mutual information, to quantify how VPBs are generated over time. We also used mutual information to determine the correlation between VPB production and heart rate in order to evaluate effects of autonomic activity on VPB production. We examined twenty subjects with more than 3000 VPBs/day and simulated ran-( dom time series of VPB occurrence. We found that mutual information values could be used to characterize quantitatively the temporal patterns of VPB generation. Our data suggest that VPB production is not random and VPBs generated with a higher value of mutual information may be more greatly affected by autonomic activity.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants and the Paradigm Shift in the Management of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Lim Hui Yin , Nandurkar Harshal , Ho Prahlad 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe advent of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has revolutionized anticoagulation management in both stroke prevention and venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment/prevention. Clinical trials and secondary real-world data have shown that DOACs have similar efficacy and, in some cases, improved bleeding safety profiles compared with vitamin K antagonists. Together with benefits of patient convenience, this has shifted the risk–benefit ratio toward long-term anticoagulation. However, current VTE risk assessment models are based on vitamin K antagonists and do not take into account the new paradigm of DOACs. Therefore, challenges to the thrombosis community remain to determine patients who would benefit from long-term anticoagulation in the DOAC era. Here, the authors review the current literature on risks and benefits of DOACs and their potential role in long-term VTE thromboprophylaxis as well as in current risk assessment models. The increasing use of DOACs, led by their convenience of use and generally lower bleeding rates, calls for a reevaluation of the current models as the benefits of long-term anticoagulation may begin to outweigh risks and inconvenience associated with their predecessors.
Training in Health Informatics in Brazil
Authors: Marin H.F. , Massad E. , Ohno-Machado L. , Marques E.P. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:Technology is transforming not only the practice of healthcare but also professional training and educational models. Developing countries, such as Brazil, are increasingly suffering from a severe shortage of health informatics specialists. Training of professionals in this field is expensive, and there is a limited supply of high-quality teaching resources available. We envision that training in health informatics can be better achieved if cultural and technological barriers are anticipated and the training program is prepared accordingly. We describe our four-year experience of a Brazil/USA training program and discuss lessons learned during its implementation. Eleven onsite courses, one seminar, and two conferences were developed under this unique initiative, which made possible the collaboration among different countries and distinguished leaders in the field of medical informatics. We also described a few identified initiatives to implement health informatics in the curriculum.
Computer-Interpretable Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Hagerty C. G. , Sonnenberg F. A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo provide a comprehensive overview of computerinterpretable guideline (CIG) systems aimed at non-experts. The overview includes the history of efforts to develop CIGs, features of and relationships among current major CIG systems, current status of standards developments pertinent to CIGs and identification of unsolved problems and needs for future researchLiterature re view based on PubMed, AMIA conference proceedings and key references from publications identified. Search terms included practice guidelines, decision support, controlled vocabulary and medical record systems. Papers were reviewed by both authors and summarized narratively.There is a consensus that guideline delivery systems must be integrated with electronic health records (EHRs) to be most effective. Several evolving CIG formalisms have in common, use of a task network model. There is currently no dominant CIG system. The major challenge in development of interoperable CIGs, is agreement on a standard controlled vocabulary. Such standards are under development, but not widely used, particularly in commercial EHR systems. The Virtual Medical Record (VMR) concept has been proposed as a standard that would serve as an intermediary between guideline vocabulary and that used in EHR implementation.CIG systems are in a state of evolution. Standards efforts promise to improve interoperability without compromising innovation. The VMR concept can assist guideline development even before clinical systems routinely adhere to standards. Frontiers for future work include using the principles learned by computer implementation of guidelines to improve the guideline development process and evaluation methods that isolate the effects of specific CIG features.
Section 4: Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics: Sensors, Medical Image and Signal Processing
Authors: Westphal R.W ,   Managing Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryObjectives:To summarize current excellent research in the field of sensor, signal and imaging informatics.Method:Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2007.Results:The selection process for this yearbook section “Sensor, signal and imaging informatics” results in five excellent articles, representing research in four different nations. Papers from the fields of brain machine interfaces, sound surveillance in telemonitoring, soft tissue modeling, and body sensors have been selected.Conclusion:The selection for this yearbook section can only reflect a small portion of the worldwide copious work in the field of sensors, signal and image processing with applications in medical informatics. However, the selected papers demonstrate, how advances in this field may positively affect future patient care.
Biomedical Informatics Research and Education at the EuroMISE Center
Authors: Zvarova J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIn the paper we described the partial achievements reached by the EuroMISE Center in research and higher education, supporting better healthcare in future information society.Through the research cooperation, the EuroMISE Centre suggests publicly available tools and methods that allow the application of new technologies for various healthcare organizations and citizens, with a special focus on the national environment of the Czech Republic. It provides a platform for a greater level of research cooperation with the usage of the most up-to-date information and communication technologies and a wide spectrum of clinical and genetic data and knowledge.Results of research and higher education of the EuroMISE Centre in the field of Biomedical Informatics are described in outputs of national and European projects. Further results have been published and/or presented at national and international meetings and incorporated in education and healthcare practice.The long-term effect of postgraduate doctoral education in the field of biomedical informatics consists in the rapid increase of scientists that are needed in the Czech Republic to reach the goals of information society in health care. The multidisciplinary research at the EuroMISE Center moves towards direct usage in the informational support of diagnostics and therapy, mining of the medical databases, and in the customization of healthcare based on the clinical and genetic profile of a patient.
Haux R, Kulikowski C, editors. IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2006. Methods Inf Med 2006; 45 Suppl 1: S166-73.
The IMIA Strategic Plan - Towards IMIA 2015
Authors: Murray P.J. ,   (Interim Vice President Strategic Planning Implementation, International Medical Informatics Association)
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective To present the IMIA Strategic Plan, ‘Towards IMIA2015’, to a wide audience within and outside the ‘IMIA family’, so as to aid in turning the vision of the plan into reality.
Methods IMIA, the International Medical Informatics Association, unanimously adopted the IMIA Strategic Plan, ‘Towards IMIA2015’, at its 2007 General Assembly meeting in Brisbane, Australia. The wide dissemination of this plan is one of the first stages in the developing IMIA Transition Plan, which will develop a roadmap and specific projects for implementing the strategy. The IMIA Strategic Plan is presented here, and we welcome dialogue with all who wish to work with IMIA to achieve the vision and the strategic goals, of providing leadership and expertise to the multidisciplinary health focused community and policy makers to enable the transformation of healthcare to improve the health of the world population.
Results and conclusions IMIA and its members are now engaged in work to support implementation of the IMIA Strategic Plan. IMIA invites all with an interest in our activities to work with us towards achieving the strategic goals and making the vision a reality by 2015.
Education and Consumer Informatics: Improvements in Existing Systems
Authors: Boyer C. ,   Managing Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Education and Consumer Informatics
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To provide an overview of the current excellent research done in the field of advancements in Education and Consumer Informatics as well as studies done to better understand, the already existing systems.
Method Synopsis of the articles on education and consumer health selected for the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2008.
Results In the domain of education, eHealth literacy becomes a key topic and a challenge, the Internet evolving as the primary medium to access health information. A system developed to measure the eHealth literacy level of consumers reflects the importance of this skill. In consumer health informatics, the selected papers emphasize valuable advances in bridging the information gap as well as the growing implementation of functioning systems.
Conclusion The selected articles highlight the need for recognising existing weak links in the healthcare system and then strengthening them through patient education and involvement, as well as possible improvements through real-world implementations.
Extracting Information from Textual Documents in the Electronic Health Record: A Review of Recent Research
Authors: Savova G. K. , Kipper-Schuler K. C. , Hurdle J. F. , Meystre S. M. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives We examine recent published research on the extraction of information from textual documents in the Electronic Health Record (EHR).
Methods Literature review of the research published after 1995, based on PubMed, conference proceedings, and the ACM Digital Library, as well as on relevant publications referenced in papers already included.
Results 174 publications were selected and are discussed in this review in terms of methods used, pre-processing of textual documents, contextual features detection and analysis, extraction of information in general, extraction of codes and of information for decision-support and enrichment of the EHR, information extraction for surveillance, research, automated terminology management, and data mining, and de-identification of clinical text.
Conclusions Performance of information extraction systems with clinical text has improved since the last systematic review in 1995, but they are still rarely applied outside of the laboratory they have been developed in. Competitive challenges for information extraction from clinical text, along with the availability of annotated clinical text corpora, and further improvements in system performance are important factors to stimulate advances in this field and to increase the acceptance and usage of these systems in concrete clinical and biomedical research contexts.
Health Informatics Master Program at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Altwaijiri M. , Aldosari B. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective The purpose of this paper is to describe the Health Informatics Master Program at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods We have reviewed health informatics master programs worldwide with more emphasis on the recommendations of the International Medical Informatics Association on education in health informatics, research, and faculty/trainee participation at KSAU-HS.
Results An applied health informatics master program has been designed where graduates will be able to deploy information and communication technology in support of health systems’ processes. This is due to the fact that most of health organizations are driven by information and communication technology. The program embodies the features of effective applied health informatics master programs recommended by the International Medical Informatics Association on education in health informatics and delineated as curricula integrating three areas of knowledge and skills: 1) Methodology and technology for the processing of data, information and knowledge in medicine and healthcare, 2) Medicine, health and biosciences, and 3) Informatics/ computer science, mathematics and biometry.
Conclusions The health informatics master program (MHI) immerses students in the multidisciplinary field of health informatics education. Graduates of the MHI program will be wellprepared informaticians for leadership positions, able to meet the increasing demands in the field of health informatics to manage, plan, develop, and provide expert consultations to the healthcare sectors.
The Changing Nature of Clinical Decision Support Systems: a Focus on Consumers, Genomics, Public Health and Decision Safety
Authors: Lau A. Y. S. , Tsafnat G. , Sintchenko V. , Magrabi F. , Coiera E. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To review the recent research literature in clinical decision support systems (CDSS).
Methods A review of recent literature was undertaken, focussing on CDSS evaluation, consumers and public health, the impact of translational bioinformatics on CDSS design, and CDSS safety.
Results In recent years, researchers have concentrated much less on the development of decision technologies, and have focussed more on the impact of CDSS in the clinical world. Recent work highlights that traditional process measures of CDSS effectiveness, such as document relevance are poor proxy measures for decision outcomes. Measuring the dynamics of decision making, for example via decision velocity, may produce a more accurate picture of effectiveness. Another trend is the broadening of user base for CDSS beyond front line clinicians. Consumers are now a major focus for biomedical informatics, as are public health officials, tasked with detecting and managing disease outbreaks at a health system, rather than individual patient level. Bioinformatics is also changing the nature of CDSS. Apart from personalisation of therapy recommendations, translational bioinformatics is creating new challenges in the interpretation of the meaning of genetic data. Finally, there is much recent interest in the safety and effectiveness of computerised physicianorderentry (CPOE) systems, given that prescribing and administration errors are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Of note, there is still much controversy surrounding the contention that poorly designed, implemented or used CDSS may actually lead to harm.
Conclusions CDSS research remains an active and evolving area of research, as CDSS penetrate more widely beyond their traditional domain into consumer decision support, and as decisions become more complex, for example by involving sequence level genetic data.
Knowledge Representation and Management: Towards Interoperable Medical Terminologies
Authors: Rassinoux A.-M. ,   Section Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Knowledge Representation and Management
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective To summarize current outstanding research in the field of knowledge representation and management.
Methods Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2009.
Results Four excellent papers have been selected for the section knowledge representation and management. All these papers are concerned with terminological systems whether it is to detect equivalent concept definitions, to structure narratives, to compare existing lay and professional terms or to reformulate the SNOMED’s logical formalism towards a more expressive language.
Conclusion The ability of one computer system to access and use the resources of another system becomes crucial in a world where the amount of electronically stored data increases continuously. The selected papers for the section knowledge representation and management corroborate that interoperable medical terminologies play a growing and strategic role in Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems. Indeed, they allow data in clinical systems to be defined in a more uniform and granular manner, thus leading to flexible, semantically interoperable and trust-worthy health information systems.