bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Ionizing Irradiation and Ultrasound Technologies: Effect on Beans Hydration and Germination
Authors: Miano Alberto Claudio , Sabadoti Viviane Deroldo , Augusto Pedro Esteves Duarte 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe present work studied, for the first time, the effect of two technologies on the hydration and germination process of beans: ionizing irradiation and ultrasound. In addition, this work proposed a possible biological effect of ultrasound to describe its effect on grain hydration. Carioca beans were irradiated at doses of 2.3 and 3.8 kGy using γ‐rays, establishing different metabolic activities for the beans. Then, they were hydrated with and without the ultrasound technology (91 W/L and 25 kHz) at 25 °C. Both the hydration and germination kinetics were evaluated considering the application of both technologies alone and in combination. As results, irradiation did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) the hydration rate, the equilibrium moisture, or the lag phase time, but ultrasound affected them, reducing 50% of the processing time. On the other hand, only the equilibrium moisture was slightly reduced by the interactive effect of irradiation and ultrasound technology, which was discussed based on different metabolism levels. Furthermore, the germination process of carioca bean was hindered by both the studied variables, reducing its germination capacity to 0% in some cases. Therefore, by studying the effect of ultrasound on beans with different active metabolism (due to different irradiation doses), it was suggested that both physical and biological mechanisms are involved during hydration process and that both can be affected by ultrasound. Further, irradiation could be used on carioca beans with objectives such as avoid germination, insects, and microorganism's growth, without an important effect on the hydration kinetics.Practical ApplicationUltrasound technology has demonstrated to accelerate the soaking process of several legume grains. However, sometimes, grains are irradiated for disinfestation purpose to improve their shelf life. Indeed, irradiation can change the grain properties as the cooking time, hydration time, and germination capacity. Therefore, this work verified if irradiation changes the desirable effect of ultrasound on grain processing: soaking and germination. Moreover, this work novelty is also based on describing the phenomena: by proposing a possible biological effect, further approaches to improve the grain processing can be achieved.
ALK‐positive lung cancer diagnosed with abdominal lymph nodes in a patient receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Song Sung H. , Ryu Ji W. , Jwa Hye Y. , Ha Chang W. , Kim Hyun , Jo Jae M. , Han Sang H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere is little consensus in the literature about the administration of crizotinib in patients with end‐stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. A 69‐year‐old male patient, who was receiving regular hemodialysis due to end‐stage renal disease, visited the hospital with symptoms of repeated abdominal pain. There was no suspicious finding of cancer within the thorax. After biopsy, the abdominal lymph nodes were identified as adenocarcinoma originating from the lung following computed tomography (CT) scan, and ALK rearrangement was confirmed. The patient achieved a partial response following the administration of crizotinib, although treatment was discontinued because of unknown cholestasis. Overall survival was eight months. Although crizotinib has clear efficacy in patients with ALK‐positive lung cancer with end‐stage renal disease, the optimal dose of crizotinib should be identified in patients receiving regular hemodialysis.
Brain anatomy of two‐toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus, Linnaeus, 1758): A comparative gross anatomical study of extant xenarthrans
Authors: Freitas Letícia Menezes , dos Santos Odeony Paulo , Santos André Luiz Quagliatto , de Melo Fabiano Rodrigues , Silveira Leandro , Jácomo Anah Tereza de Almeida , Pereira Kleber Fernando , Lima Fabiano Campos 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe neural system plays an important role in understanding some features of animals. Anatomical complexity correlates with the increase of functional capacity. Xenarthrans include anteaters (Vermilingua), armadillos (Cingulata) and sloths (Folivora). This group is the base of eutherian mammals, and understanding the anatomy of its neural system could provide data for functional and evolutionary interpretations. The gross anatomy of the xenarthran brain is recorded. Four extant families of Pilosa and two families of Cingulata were sampled. Usual dissection procedures were used, and the brains were analysed macroscopically. The brain of two‐toed sloth, three‐toed sloth, six‐banded armadillo, giant anteater and collared anteater are gyrencephalic. Pygmy anteater, nine‐banded armadillo, great long‐nosed armadillo, southern naked‐tailed armadillo and giant armadillo are lissencephalic. In most species, the rhinal fissure presents two segments, rostral and caudal (except in Vermilingua and three‐toed sloth). The diencephalon and brainstem present similar anatomy. The cerebellum is wide and presents four lobes (rostral, central, caudal and floccular). Its average volume is 12.16% (Folivora), 14.26% (Vermilingua) and 18.61% (Cingulata). Among these groups, there is a statistical difference between Folivora/Cingulata concerning the cerebellum average. The general pattern of the brain of the xenarthrans is similar to that of other mammals.
The emergence of non‐hypervascular hypointense nodules on Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Toyoda Hidenori , Tada Toshifumi , Yasuda Satoshi , Mizuno Kazuyuki , Sone Yasuhiro , Kaneoka Yuji , Maeda Atsuyuki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko , Kumada Takashi 
Published: October 2019

SummaryBackgroundIntrahepatic non‐hypervascular hypointense nodules (NHHNs) detected during the hepatobiliary phase of gadolinium‐ethoxybenzyl‐diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB‐MRI) have the potential to transition into typical hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the incidence and risk factors for the emergence of these nodules in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are unknown.AimTo investigate the incidence and risk factors for NHHNs in patients with chronic HCV infection in a longitudinal follow‐up studyMethodsEOB‐MRI was performed in 608 patients with chronic HCV infection and no history of HCC. The characteristics of patients with and without NHHNs were compared. In patients without NHHNs at baseline, the incidence of NHHN emergence and associated risk factors were analysed.ResultsNHHNs were detected at baseline in 93 of 608 patients (15.3%). Among 515 patients without NHHNs at baseline, the 1‐year, 3‐year and 5‐year incidence of NHHN emergence was 1.8%, 9.8% and 16.4%, respectively. Only FIB‐4 index was independently associated with the emergence of NHHNs in multivariate analyses. Whereas NHHNs emerged in 24.1% of patients with FIB‐4 index ≥ 3.25 at 5 years, none emerged in patients with FIB‐4 index < 1.45.ConclusionIn patients with chronic HCV infection, advanced liver fibrosis is an important risk factor for the presence or emergence of NHHNs.
Chlamydial infection and on‐farm risk factors in dairy cattle herds in South East Queensland
Authors: Anstey SI , Quigley BL , Polkinghorne A , Jelocnik M 
Published: October 2019

Chlamydial infections in dairy cattle are common and have been sporadically associated with reduced performance and severe disease manifestations. While chlamydial infections are well described in sheep, very little is known about the epidemiology of these infections in dairy cattle in Australia. In this study, we screened for chlamydial infections and assessed on‐farm risks in dairy cattle herds from Southeast Queensland (SE Qld) region of Australia.In total, 228 paired vaginal and rectal swabs were collected from 114 visually healthy dairy cows from four farms in SE Qld. Risk factors were rated by observational study and included: hygiene and cleanliness of cows, walkway and parlour, incidence of perinatal mortality, external replacements, mode of breeding, calving pen management, heat reduction strategies, and feed ration usage.Testing for chlamydial pathogens (Chlamydia pecorum, Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus) was done using species‐specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Detected rates of chlamydial infection were evaluated against the on‐farm risk factors.C. pecorum infection was widespread in all four farms, with 56.1% (64/114) of individual animals shedding this organism from vaginal and rectal, or both sites. C. abortus and C. psittaci were not detected in any animals. No association was found to exist with risk factors and C. pecorum infection rates in our study, however the number of Chlamydia positive animals was statistically different between the herds.This study suggests that subclinical chlamydial infections may impact on dairy herd health at the production level rather than affecting individual animal.
TP53 mutations and relevance of expression of TP53 pathway genes in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Cucchi David G. J. , Bachas Costa , Klein Kim , Huttenhuis Sander , Zwaan Christian M. , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , Janssen Jeroen M. W. M. , Kaspers Gertjan L. , Cloos Jacqueline 
Published: October 2019

SummaryLimited data are available on the incidence and impact of TP53 alterations and TP53 pathway deregulation in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We analysed TP53 alterations in bone marrow samples of 229 patients with de novo paediatric AML, and detected heterozygous missense exon mutations in two patients (1%) and 17p deletions of the TP53 gene in four patients (2%). These patients more frequently had complex karyotype (50% vs. 4%, P = 0·002) or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities, including complex karyotype (67% vs. 17%, P = 0·013), compared to TP53 wild‐type. Differential expression of TP53 pathway genes was associated with poor survival, indicating a role for TP53 regulators and effector genes.
Beyond Dyadic Coordination: Multimodal Behavioral Irregularity in Triads Predicts Facets of Collaborative Problem Solving
Authors: Amon Mary Jean , Vrzakova Hana , D'Mello Sidney K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe hypothesize that effective collaboration is facilitated when individuals and environmental components form a synergy where they work together and regulate one another to produce stable patterns of behavior, or regularity, as well as adaptively reorganize to form new behaviors, or irregularity. We tested this hypothesis in a study with 32 triads who collaboratively solved a challenging visual computer programming task for 20 min following an introductory warm‐up phase. Multidimensional recurrence quantification analysis was used to examine fine‐grained (i.e., every 10 s) collective patterns of regularity across team members' speech rate, body movement, and team interaction with the shared user interface. We found that teams exhibited significant patterns of regularity as compared to shuffled baselines, but there were no systematic trends in regularity across time. We also found that periods of regularity were associated with a reduction in overall behavior. Notably, the production of irregular behavior predicted expert‐coded metrics of collaborative activity, such as teams' ability to construct shared knowledge and effectively negotiate and coordinate execution of solutions, net of overall behavioral production and behavioral self‐similarity. Our findings support the theory that groups can interact to form interpersonal synergies and indicate that information about system‐level dynamics is a viable way to understand and predict effective collaborative processes.
Diffuse dermal angiomatosis associated with calciphylaxis: A 5‐year retrospective institutional review
Authors: O'Connor Heather M. , Wu Qiong , Lauzon Steven D. , Forcucci Jessica A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough diffuse dermal angiomatosis (DDA), a rare acquired reactive cutaneous vascular disorder, has been previously reported in association with calciphylaxis (CP), the clinical significance of this relationship has not yet been elucidated.MethodsA total of 24 cases of CP diagnosed from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of associated DDA. Pertinent clinical information for each patient was also collected, and statistical analysis was performed using multivariable logistic regression, Student t test and Fisher exact test.ResultsAfrican American race and comorbid congestive heart failure were the only variables that demonstrated independent, statistically significant association with the presence of DDA. End‐stage renal failure, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppressive and hypercoagulable states, arrhythmia, body mass index, hypertension, coronary artery disease, patient age, duration of CP symptoms, gender, time interval from biopsy to death, anticoagulation therapy and sodium thiosulfate administration at the time of biopsy did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with DDA.ConclusionDDA does not appear to be associated with disease severity or prognosis in cases of CP; however, in our population CP with concurrent DDA was more prevalent in African Americans and individuals with congestive heart failure.
Pembrolizumab‐induced pseudoepitheliomatous eruption consistent with hypertrophic lichen planus
Authors: Coscarart Aimee , Martel Julianna , Lee Michael P. , Wang Alun R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPembrolizumab, an anti‐programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) antibody preparation, has been shown to induce various dermatologic adverse events which may present with delayed onset or even after discontinuation of therapy. We report a 78‐year‐old female patient with a stage II lung adenocarcinoma treated with pembrolizumab, who developed lichenoid eruptions and multiple cutaneous plaque/nodular eruptions as pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, during and up to 2 months after discontinuation of pembrolizumab therapy. Multiple skin biopsies revealed epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, diffuse to patchy lichenoid lymphocyte infiltrate with scattered eosinophils and neutrophils, confluent to scant dyskeratosis of the lower epidermis, minimal to overt invagination, and cystic proliferation of squamous epithelium to papillomatosis with hypergranulosis and keratosis. Overall, multiple patterns were present with similarities to lichenoid drug eruption, lichen planus, early invasive squamous cell carcinoma, early keratoacanthoma, and verruca. However, the findings ultimately supported a diagnosis of hypertrophic lichen planus. All the lesions resolved with oral prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, and topical triamcinolone acetonide ointment 0.1%. In summary, our case shows that pembrolizumab can induce lichenoid eruption with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, and these lesions can clinically and pathologically mimic early invasive squamous cell carcinomas or keratoacanthomas.
Effects of forest‐use intensity on vascular epiphyte diversity along an elevational gradient
Authors: Guzmán‐Jacob Valeria , Zotz Gerhard , Craven Dylan , Taylor Amanda , Krömer Thorsten , Monge‐González María Leticia , Kreft Holger 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimUnderstanding patterns of tropical plant diversity and their vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbance at different spatial scales remains a great challenge in ecology and conservation. Here, we study how the effects of forest‐use intensity on vascular epiphyte diversity vary along a tropical elevational gradient.Location3,500‐m elevational gradient along the eastern slopes of Cofre de Perote, Mexico.MethodsWe studied the effects of forest‐use intensity on alpha, beta and gamma diversity of vascular epiphyte assemblages in old‐growth, degraded and secondary forests at eight study sites at 500‐m intervals along the elevational gradient. At each elevation and in each of the three forest‐use intensity levels, we established five 400‐m2 plots yielding a total of 120 plots.ResultsInteractive effects of elevation and forest‐use intensity strongly impacted local‐scale patterns of vascular epiphyte diversity. Species diversity peaked at 500 as well as 1,500 m above sea level, which deviates from the previously reported hump‐shaped pattern. In most cases, alpha diversity did not differ significantly among forest‐use intensity levels. However, gamma diversity was always lower in secondary forests compared to old‐growth forests across the entire elevational gradient. Within each elevational belt, beta diversity was dominated by species turnover along the forest‐use intensity gradient in the lowlands and declined with increasing elevation, where community composition became increasingly nested. Along the elevational gradient, the spatial turnover of vascular epiphyte community composition was similar among forest‐use intensity levels.Main conclusionsOur results reveal a strong interaction between forest‐use intensity and elevation, making it difficult to extrapolate findings from one elevational belt to another. Our findings highlight the value of old‐growth forest for epiphyte diversity, but also show that degraded and secondary forests—depending on the elevational belt—may maintain a high species diversity and thus play an important role in conservation planning.
Design + Organization Development: Three Steps on the Bridge to the Other Side
Authors: Dunne Alex M. , Peck Tonya M. 
Published: October 2019

These organization development specialists offer some ways to make your staff meetings and meetings with clients more interesting, more inclusive, and more productive. You can start the process by taking out some chairs and leaving out the PowerPoint presentation.In which we learn something about organization development, and how to run a meeting that isn't filled with bored people staring at their laptops.
Differences in swimming performance and energetic costs between an endangered native toothcarp (Aphanius iberus) and an invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki)
Authors: Rubio‐Gracia Francesc , García‐Berthou Emili , Latorre Dani , Moreno‐Amich Ramon , Srean Pao , Luo Yiping , Vila‐Gispert Anna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSwimming performance is a key feature that mediates fitness and survival in many fish species. Using a swim tunnel respirometer, we compared prolonged swimming performance and energy use for two competing species: an endangered, endemic toothcarp (Aphanius iberus) and a worldwide invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki). Critical (Ucrit) and optimal swimming speeds, standard and maximal metabolic rates, absolute aerobic scope, as well as the minimum cost of transport were estimated and compared between species and sexes. Body streamlining and caudal peduncle depth were also measured to explain the differences in swimming performance and efficiency. Both sexes of A. iberus presented similar swimming capacity and metabolic traits, whereas males of G. holbrooki showed higher critical swimming speeds, maximal metabolic rate and absolute aerobic scope than females. We also found marked differences between species in most of the response variables examined. Aphanius iberus showed lower swimming capacity (Ucrit mean <10 cm s−1), higher maximal metabolic rate and absolute aerobic scope than the invasive species. By contrast, G holbrooki swam faster and had lower cost of transport at a given fish mass and speed, thereby leading to a higher swimming efficiency. The observed differences in swimming efficiency were closely related to differences in morphological characteristics and therefore to drag pressures and propulsion. Our results add a mechanistic basis to the ecological understanding of these two species and suggest that although both are poor swimmers compared to many other similarly sized species, the native species likely has more restricted water flow tolerance and dispersal capacities.
Effects of prey aphid species on the abundance of a parasitoid and two predator species in aphid colonies attended by ants on citrus
Authors: Kaneko Shuji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study focused on three species of enemies, the parasitoid wasp Lysiphlebus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), the ladybird Scymnus posticalis Sicard (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and the predatory gall midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), all of which are able to exploit aphids attended by ants. I experimentally evaluated the effects of prey aphid species on the abundance of each of the three enemy species in ant‐attended aphid colonies on citrus. The aphids compared were Aphis gossypii Glover versus Aphis spiraecola Patch in late spring, and Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy) versus A. spiraecola in late summer (all, Hemiptera: Aphididae). Colonies of the three aphid species were attended by the ant Pristomyrmex punctatus Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The initial number of attending ants per individual aphid did not differ significantly between the colonies of the two aphid species compared in each season. Between A. gossypii and A. spiraecola, there was no significant difference in the number of mummies formed by the parasitoid or foraging larvae of each of the two predators per aphid colony. A significant difference was detected between T. citricidus and A. spiraecola for each of the three enemy species, with a far greater number of L. japonicus mummies in T. citricidus colonies and distinctly more larvae of each of the two predators in A. spiraecola colonies. Thus, the abundance of each of the three enemy species in ant‐attended aphid colonies was significantly influenced by the species of the prey aphids, with the three enemies showing different responses to the three aphid species.
Habitat generalization of a predatory ladybird,Harmonia yedoensis(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), in an allopatric area with respect to its sibling speciesHarmonia axyridis
Authors: Noriyuki Suzuki , Sugo Junki , Ohata Masaaki , Osawa Naoya 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn central Japan,Harmonia yedoensisis a specialist ladybird that is confined to pine tree habitats, whereas its sibling speciesHarmonia axyridisis a generalist that feeds on a wide range of aphid species in nature. Interestingly,H. axyridisis not distributed in the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. We hypothesized that the ecological niche ofH. yedoensisshould be wider in the Ryukyu Archipelago, where its competitor species in central Japan,H. axyridis, is absent. We undertook fieldwork and a survey of published works to examine habitat utilization byH. yedoensisin the Ryukyu Archipelago. We found thatH. yedoensisadults in the Ryukyu Archipelago visited several kinds of deciduous trees, including wild tamarind, Chinese hibiscus, Taiwan cherry and Malayan banyan, as well as pine trees. These observations suggest that habitat generalization has occurred inH. yedoensisin the Ryukyu Archipelago, where it does not compete withH. axyridis.