bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction with Custom Unicondylar Hemiarthroplasty following Tumor Resection: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ippolito Joseph A. , Campbell Megan L. , Siracuse Brianna L. , Benevenia Joseph 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFor patients with tumors of the distal femur, options for limb salvage include tumor resection followed by reconstruction. While reconstruction commonly involves a distal femoral replacement, careful selection of patients with tumor involvement limited to a single condyle may be candidates for reconstruction with distal femur hemiarthroplasty. In these procedures, resection spares considerably more native anatomy. Three consecutive patients who underwent resection and reconstruction at the distal femur with custom unicondylar hemiarthroplasty are presented in this case series at a mean follow-up of 45 months (range, 26–78). In two cases, prostheses were utilized as a secondary procedure after failure of initial reconstruction. In one case, the custom prosthesis was utilized as the primary method of reconstruction. Mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society disease-specific scores were 26.7 (range, 25–28). All patients achieved a return to full weight bearing, activities of daily living, and functional range of motion. In appropriately selected patients with tumors of the distal femur, reconstruction with custom unicondylar hemiarthroplasty provides benefits including optimal function postoperatively via preservation of tumor-free bone and ligamentous structures. Additionally, maintenance of greater bone stock may confer benefits to patients with pathology at a high likelihood for recurrence and need for subsequent procedures.
Rheumatoid Lymphedema Successfully Treated with Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis: A Case Report
Authors: Ichinose Yuko , Yasunaga Yoshichika , Yuzuriha Shunsuke 
Published: May 2019

Background A 76-year-old woman presented with rheumatoid lymphedema (RL) distal to the left elbow after 20 years of affliction with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the RA was controlled by medication, the patient could not receive full-scale compression therapy for her edema with a medium-pressure compression sleeve (pressure: 20–25 mm Hg) due to hand dysfunction caused by long-term RA.
Methods Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) was performed after compression therapy with a low-pressure sleeve (14–18 mm Hg) proved ineffective for edema relief. Two anastomoses were created in a side-to-end fashion at the cubital fossa.
Results The edema improved rapidly after LVA and was maintained with a low-pressure compression sleeve.
Conclusion LVA represents a treatment option for remaining RL in RA treatment. As some RL patients are ineligible for full-scale compression therapy due to hand dysfunction caused by RA, LVA may help to reduce RL and enable edema management using a low-pressure compression garment without concern for hand dysfunction.
Formation of spectra of saturated-absorption resonances on closed transitions in the spectroscopy of unidirectional waves
Authors: Saprykin E.G. , Chernenko A.A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The formation of spectra of saturated-absorption resonances on the atomic transitions with level momenta J = 0 → J = 1 and J = 1 → J = 2 are investigated, both numerically and analytically, by the method of unidirectional linearly polarised laser waves in order to determine how the transition openness (radiation branching) affects these spectra. It is shown that, along with quantitative changes, determined by the relaxation constants of levels, value of their splitting, polarisation orientation, and wave intensities, the spectra undergo qualitative changes with a change in the degree of atomic transition openness.
Thermodynamically equilibrium quantum vortices in superfluid liquids
Authors: Nemirovskii S.K. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The thermodynamic equilibrium is studied for a system of quantised vortices in superfluid liquids in the presence of a counterflow of the normal and superfluid components. The partition function is calculated, which takes into account various configurations of the vortex filaments, as well as the distribution of loops in length. The dependence of the density of vortex filaments on the applied counterflow velocity is discussed.
Effect of dipole blockade on the laser excitation spectra of mesoscopic ensembles of cold Rydberg atoms
Authors: Ryabtsev I.I. , Beterov I.I. , Tretyakov D.B. , Yakshina E.A. , Entin V.M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The results of theoretical calculations of the multiatom laser excitation spectra of Rydberg atoms under conditions of a dipole blockade are presented, and the effect of the laser radiation line width and the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms on the dipole blockade completeness degree is discussed. It is shown that in order to increase the fidelity of performing quantum gates based on a dipole blockade, it is necessary to use resonance dipole − dipole interaction and exciting laser radiation with a line width smaller than 10 kHz.
Temperature drift contribution to frequency instability of silicon Fabry – Perot cavities
Authors: Zhadnov N.O. , Vishnyakova G.A. , Kudeyarov K.S. , Kryuchkov D.S. , Khabarova K.Yu. , Kolachevsky N.N. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A contribution of a temperature drift near the silicon thermal expansion coefficient zero point to the fractional frequency instability of a silicon cavity is analysed. The thermal expansion coefficient of silicon is measured by an optical method near the zero point T
0 = 123 K. It is shown that the frequency instability due to cavity temperature drifts observed in an experiment does not exceed a thermal noise limit at averaging intervals of up to 20 s.
Conversion of nuclear spin isomers of water molecules under ultracold conditions of space
Authors: Chapovsky P.L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The conversion rate of nuclear spin isomers of water molecules in space is calculated using the model of quantum relaxation in the absence of particle collisions. The model is based on the intramolecular mixing of the ortho and para states of H2O by the spin-rotation interaction and on the interruption of the mixing by radiative transitions of a molecule in a thermal radiation field. The lifetime of water isomers at a thermal radiation temperature T = 50 K is ∼2 × 107 years, and at a temperature T = 100 K it is 3 × 106 years. The lifetimes of the spin isomers of water molecules are found to be large, but still smaller, for example, than the age of the Solar System. The proposed process of conversion of the spin isomers of water molecules is important for areas of space with low (n < 1 cm−3) particle concentrations.
Downward the temperature scale
Authors: Vinogradov V.A. , Karpov K.A. , Savelyeva S.V. , Turlapov A.V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Approaches to deep cooling of atomic gases are discussed. The delta kick cooling and adiabatic expansion as well as the limitations of the former are considered. The applicability of hollow optical dipole traps based on radiation of near-resonance transition frequency in atoms is shown. The possibility of designing such traps with a size of ∼1 mm is analysed and the prospects for their use for cooling atoms by evaporation and adiabatic expansion are discussed.
Quantum geometric phase under pre- and post-selection
Authors: Yakovleva T.S. , Rostom A.M. , Tomilin V.A. , Ilichev L.V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We consider a quantum system subjected to a controlled phase transformation and interaction with the environment in between the acts of selection, which leads to the emergence of interference effects. It is shown that the shift of the dependence of the statistics of contacts’ information with the environement on the controlled phase shift can be interpreted as a geometric phase. This interpretation is consistent with the known operational approach to the geometric phase. As a result, we suggest generalising the operational approach to the realm of pre- and post-selected quantum states.
Atomic-scale determination of spontaneous magnetic reversal in oxide heterostructures
Authors: Saghayezhian M. , Kouser Summayya , Wang Zhen , Guo Hangwen , Jin Rongying , Zhang Jiandi , Zhu Yimei , Pantelides Sokrates T. , Plummer E. W. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Transition metal oxide interfaces have shown extraordinary promise in the quest to design materials with custom electronic, magnetic, and optical properties. In rare cases, interfaces exhibit electronic and magnetic properties that are radically different from those of the components. An example is the emergent two-dimensional electron gas between two insulators. In this work, we show that the interface of a nonmagnetic oxide substrate and a ferromagnetic metallic thin film possesses a local antiferromagnetic coupling which controls the reversal of the entire film’s ferromagnetic ordering. Electron microscopy and quantum calculations elucidate the atomic-scale origin of the observed phenomena, and demonstrate that local nonstoichiometry and structure are the key factors in interfacial phenomena.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 activation in astrocytes contributes to neuropathic pain
Authors: Chen Zhoumou , Doyle Timothy M. , Luongo Livio , Largent-Milnes Tally M. , Giancotti Luigino Antonio , Kolar Grant , Squillace Silvia , Boccella Serena , Walker John K. , Pendleton Alexander , Spiegel Sarah , Neumann William L. , Vanderah Todd W. , Salvemini Daniela 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Understanding the cellular and molecular pathways of neuropathic pain is fundamental to discovering classes of non-opioid analgesics. Emerging evidence implicates altered sphingolipid metabolism and elevated levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the spinal cord in the persistence of neuropathic pain, but its neuropharmacology and pathways engaged are poorly understood. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we provide evidence that S1P drives neuropathic pain by selectively activating the S1P receptor subtype 1 (S1PR1) in astrocytes. Inhibiting S1PR1 attenuated and reversed neuropathic pain by engaging the potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 10. Our findings represent a paradigm shift in the understanding of S1PR1 signaling that has implications on the future development of S1PR1 antagonists as a promising class of nonnarcotic analgesics.
Donor and acceptor characteristics of native point defects in GaN
Authors: Xie Zijuan , Sui Yu , Buckeridge John , Catlow C Richard A , Keal Thomas W , Sherwood Paul , Walsh Aron , Farrow Matthew R , Scanlon David O , Woodley Scott M , Sokol Alexey A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The semiconducting behaviour and optoelectronic response of gallium nitride is governed by point defect processes, which, despite many years of research, remain poorly understood. The key difficulty in the description of the dominant charged defects is determining a consistent position of the corresponding defect levels, which is difficult to derive using standard supercell calculations. In a complementary approach, we take advantage of the embedded cluster methodology that provides direct access to a common zero of the electrostatic potential for all point defects in all charge states. Charged defects polarise a host dielectric material with long-range forces that strongly affect the outcome of defect simulations; to account for the polarisation, we couple embedding with the hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach and investigate the structure, formation and ionisation energies, and equilibrium concentrations of native point defects in wurtzite GaN at a chemically accurate hybrid-density-functional-theory level. N vacancies are the most thermodynamically favourable native defects in GaN, which contribute to the n-type character of as-grown GaN but are not the main source, a result that is consistent with experiment. Our calculations show no native point defects can form thermodynamically stable acceptor states. GaN can be easily doped n-type, but, in equilibrium conditions at moderate temperatures acceptor dopants will be compensated by N vacancies and no significant hole concentrations will be observed, indicating non-equilibrium processes must dominate in p-type GaN. We identify spectroscopic signatures of native defects in the infrared, visible and ultraviolet luminescence ranges and complementary spectroscopies. Crucially, we calculate the effective-mass-like-state levels associated with electrons and holes bound in diffuse orbitals. These levels may be accessible in competition with more strongly-localised states in luminescence processes and allow the attribution of the observed 3.46 and 3.27 eV UV peaks in a broad range of GaN samples to the presence of N vacancies.
Hybrid graphene-manganite thin film structure for magnetoresistive sensor application
Authors: Lukose Rasuole , Zurauskiene Nerija , Balevicius Saulius , Stankevic Voitech , Keršulis Skirmantas , Plausinaitiene Valentina , Navickas Romualdas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
An increasing demand of magnetic field sensors with high sensitivity at room temperatures and spatial resolution at micro-nanoscales has resulted in numerous investigations of physical phenomena in advanced materials, and fabrication of novel magnetoresistive devices. In this study the novel magnetic field sensor based on combination of a single layer graphene (SLG) and thin nanostructured manganite La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSMO) film—hybrid graphene-manganite (GM) structure, is proposed and fabricated. The hybrid GM structure employs the properties of two materials—SLG and LSMO—on the nanoscale level and results in the enhanced sensitivity to magnetic field of the hybrid sensor on the macroscopic level. Such result is achieved by designing the hybrid GM sensor in a Wheatstone half-bridge which enables to employ in the device operation two effects of nanomaterials—large Lorentz force induced positive magnetoresistance of graphene and colossal negative magnetoresistance of nanostructured manganite film, and significantly increase the sensitivity S of the hybrid GM sensor in comparison with the individual SLG and LSMO sensors: S = 5.5 mV T−1 for SLG, 14.5 mV T−1 for LSMO and 20 mV T−1 for hybrid GM at 0.5 T, when supply voltage was 1.249 V. The hybrid GM sensor operates in the range of (0.1–2.3) T and has lower sensitivity to temperature variations in comparison to the manganite sensor. Moreover, it can be applied for position sensing. The ability to control sensor’s characteristics by changing technological conditions of the fabrication of hybrid structure and tuning the nanostructure properties of manganite film is discussed.
Manufacturing technologies toward extreme precision
Authors: Zhang Zhiyu , Yan Jiwang , Kuriyagawa Tsunemoto 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Precision is one of the most important aspects of manufacturing. High precision creates high quality, high performance, exchangeability, reliability, and added value for industrial products. Over the past decades, remarkable advances have been achieved in the area of high-precision manufacturing technologies, where the form accuracy approaches the nanometer level and surface roughness the atomic level. These extremely high precision manufacturing technologies enable the development of high-performance optical elements, semiconductor substrates, biomedical parts, and so on, thereby enhancing the ability of human beings to explore the macro- and microscopic mysteries and potentialities of the natural world. In this paper, state-of-the-art high-precision material removal manufacturing technologies, especially ultraprecision cutting, grinding, deterministic form correction polishing, and supersmooth polishing, are reviewed and compared with insights into their principles, methodologies, and applications. The key issues in extreme precision manufacturing that should be considered for future R&D are discussed.
Storage Age of RBCs Transfused by a Prehospital Patient Transport Program vs the Hospital Emergency Department
Authors: Gehrie Eric A , Szklarski Penny C , Nooner Kevin , Booth Garrett S 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Recently published data suggest that transfusion of RBCs stored for 22 days or longer was associated with increased mortality among massively transfused trauma patients.

Methods
We performed a 24-month retrospective review of medical transport service transfusion records and a 2-month, overlapping review of transfusions of uncrossmatched RBCs in the emergency department.

Results
RBC units issued to the transport program were older than RBC units issued to the emergency department trauma refrigerator (10.6 vs 8.7 days, P < .001). Similarly, RBC units were older at the time of transfusion during transport compared with the emergency department (20.3 vs 14.3 days, P < .001).

Conclusions
Transport programs and blood banks should jointly review their RBC inventory management programs. Issuing RBCs to a medical transport program is a logistical challenge that, unless actively managed, may not ensure access to blood that is as fresh as blood in the emergency department.
Development and validation of a medication regimen complexity scoring tool for critically ill patients
Authors: Gwynn Morgan E , Poisson Margaret O , Waller Jennifer L , Newsome Andrea Sikora 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a novel medication regimen complexity–intensive care unit (MRC-ICU) scoring tool in critically ill patients and to correlate MRC with illness severity and patient outcomes.MethodsThis study was a single-center, retrospective observational chart review of adults admitted to the medical ICU (MICU) between November 2016 and June 2017. The primary aim was the development and internal validation of the MRC-ICU scoring tool. Secondary aims included external validation of the MRC-ICU and exploration of relationships between medication regimen complexity and patient outcomes. Exclusion criteria included a length of stay of less than 24 hours in the MICU, active transfer, or hospice orders at 24 hours. A total of 130 patient medication regimens were used to test, modify, and validate the MRC-ICU tool.ResultsThe 39-line item medication regimen complexity scoring tool was validated both internally and externally. Convergent validity was confirmed with total medications (p < 0.0001). Score discriminant validity was confirmed by lack of association with age (p = 0.1039) or sex (p = 0.7829). The MRC-ICU score was significantly associated with ICU length of stay (p = 0.0166), ICU mortality (p = 0.0193), and patient acuity (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe MRC-ICU scoring tool was validated and found to correlate with length of stay, inpatient mortality, and patient acuity.
Current interventions to promote safe and appropriate pain management
Authors: Jones Laney K , Lussier Mia E , Brar Jasmit , Byrne Mary C , Durham Melissa , Kiokemeister Fleurette , Kjaer Klaus , Le Huy , Magee Chelsea , McKnight Erin , Mehta Neel , Papp Joan , Pastwa Elzbieta , Radovich Patti , Ravin Kristopher , Ruther Michelle , Woodie Gloriana , Wrona Sharon , Yousefvand Gholamreza , Greskovic Gerard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Describe patient-, clinician-, system-, and community-level interventions for pain management developed and employed by 9 healthcare systems across the United States and report on lessons learned from the implementation of these interventions.

Summary
The high cost associated with pain coupled with the frequent use of opioid analgesics as primary treatment options has made novel pain management strategies a necessity. Interventions that target multiple levels within healthcare are needed to help combat the opioid epidemic and improve strategies to manage chronic pain. Patient-level interventions implemented ranged from traditional paper-based educational tools to videos, digital applications, and peer networks. Clinician-level interventions focused on providing education, ensuring proper follow-up care, and establishing multidisciplinary teams that included prescribers, pharmacists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. System- and community-level interventions included metric tracking and analytics, electronic health record tools, lockbox distribution for safe storage, medication return bins for removal of opioids, risk assessment tool utilization, and improved access to reversal agents.

Conclusion
Strategies to better manage pain can be implemented within health systems at multiple levels and on many fronts; however, these changes are most effective when accepted and widely used by the population for which they are targeted.
Prediction of survival risks with adjusted gene expression through risk-gene networks
Authors: Lee Minhyeok , Han Sung Won , Seok Junhee 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Network-based analysis of biomedical data has been extensively studied over the last decades. As a successful application, gene networks have been used to illustrate interactions among genes and explain the associated phenotypes. However, the gene network approaches have not been actively applied for survival analysis, which is one of the main interests of biomedical research. In addition, a few previous studies using gene networks for survival analysis construct networks mainly from prior knowledge, such as pathways, regulations and gene sets, while the performance considerably depends on the selection of prior knowledge.

Results
In this paper, we propose a data-driven construction method for survival risk-gene networks as well as a survival risk prediction method using the network structure. The proposed method constructs risk-gene networks with survival-associated genes using penalized regression. Then, gene expression indices are hierarchically adjusted through the networks to reduce the variance intrinsic in datasets. By illustrating risk-gene structure, the proposed method is expected to provide an intuition for the relationship between genes and survival risks. The risk-gene network is applied to a low grade glioma dataset, and produces a hypothesis of the relationship between genetic biomarkers of low and high grade glioma. Moreover, with multiple datasets, we demonstrate that the proposed method shows superior prediction performance compared to other conventional methods.

Availability and implementation
The R package of risk-gene networks is freely available in the web at http://cdal.korea.ac.kr/NetDA/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TPES: tumor purity estimation from SNVs
Authors: Locallo Alessio , Prandi Davide , Fedrizzi Tarcisio , Demichelis Francesca 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Tumor purity (TP) is the proportion of cancer cells in a tumor sample. TP impacts on the accurate assessment of molecular and genomics features as assayed with NGS approaches. State-of-the-art tools mainly rely on somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA) to quantify TP and therefore fail when a tumor genome is nearly euploid, i.e. ‘non-aberrant’ in terms of identifiable SCNAs.

Results
We introduce a computational method, tumor purity estimation from single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), which derives TP from the allelic fraction distribution of SNVs. On more than 7800 whole-exome sequencing data of TCGA tumor samples, it showed high concordance with a range of TP tools (Spearman’s correlation between 0.68 and 0.82; &gt;9 SNVs) and rescued TP estimates of 1, 194 samples (15%) pan-cancer.

Availability and implementation
TPES is available as an R package on CRAN and at https://bitbucket.org/l0ka/tpes.git.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.