bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survivin Promotes Stem Cell Competence for Skin Cancer Initiation
Authors: Canato Sara , Sarate Rahul , Carvalho-Marques Sofia , Maia Soares Raquel , Song Yura , Monteiro-Ferreira Sara , Vieugué Pauline , Liagre Mélanie , Grossi Giancarlo , Cardoso Erik , Dubois Christine , Conway Edward M. , Schenone Silvia , Sánchez-Danés Adriana , Blanpain Cédric 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stem cells (SC) and not progenitors (P) act as cells of origin of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The mechanisms promoting BCC formation in SCs or restricting tumor development in Ps are currently unknown. In this study, we transcriptionally profiled SCs and Ps and found that Survivin, a pleiotropic factor that promotes cell division and inhibits apoptosis, was preferentially expressed in SCs. Using genetic gain- and loss-of-function mouse models, we showed that Survivin deletion in oncogene-expressing SCs prevents BCC formation. Survivin overexpression renders Ps competent to BCC formation by promoting cell survival and division while preventing apoptosis and differentiation. We identified Serum glucocorticoid–regulated kinase 1 (Sgk1) as a key downstream factor of Survivin and that its inhibition prevents BCC formation. This study uncovers the role and mechanisms by which Survivin regulates the competence of SCs to initiate BCC formation, promoting the survival of oncogene-expressing SCs and self-renewing division while restricting differentiation and apoptosis.

Significance:
This study identifies Survivin as a key regulator of the different ability of SCs and Ps to initiate skin cancer. Survivin expression in oncogene-targeted SCs is essential for their survival and self-renewal and to prevent their differentiation and apoptosis, allowing SCs and not Ps to initiate skin cancer.
ТВОРИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ ПРО ІНФЕКЦІЙНІ ХВОРОБИ
Authors: Андрейчин М. А. , Юкало В. Я. 
Published: November 2024

Розглянуто твори української літератури, в яких відображено інфекційні хвороби. Здійснено опис і аналіз фактів фіксації інфекційних хвороб, епідемій в основних жанрах давньої літератури, в поезії і прозі ХІХ-ХХІ ст. Охарактеризовано художню рецепцію інфекційних хвороб і їх лікування в літературних творах. Обґрунтовано важливість осмислення хвороби через сприйняття художнього образу для формування професійної компетентності лікаря. Наведено рекомендації щодо використання творів української літератури про інфекційні хвороби у вивченні фахових і загальних дисциплін у медичному закладі вищої освіти.
Contemporary Clinical Characteristics, Imaging, Management, and Surgical and Nonsurgical Outcomes of Adult Patients With Subaortic Stenosis
Authors: Agrawal Ankit , Arockiam Aro Daniela , Majid Muhammad , Saraswati Ushasi , El Dahdah Joseph , Chandna Sanya , Kassab Joseph , Chedid El Helou Michel , Khurana Rishabh , Dong Tiffany , Atar Mustafa , Haroun Elio , Zakhour Samer , Rodriguez Leonardo , Popovic Zoran B. , Smedira Nicholas , Griffin Brian P. , Wang Tom Kai Ming 
Published: November 2024

Background
Subaortic stenosis (SAS) is characterized by a fibromuscular membrane located just below the aortic valve, causing fixed outflow tract obstruction. There is a paucity of studies evaluating this condition. This cohort study reviewed the contemporary characteristics and outcomes of SAS in adult patients in a single large referral center.

Methods and Results
We retrospectively studied adult patients with SAS evaluated at our center during 2011 to 2022. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality and heart failure hospitalizations during follow‐up, with secondary end points including recurrence of SAS and repeat surgery after initial SAS surgery. Among 484 patients with SAS, key characteristics included mean age 55±18 years, 67.5% female, left ventricular outflow tract peak velocity 352±140 cm/s and gradient 57±40 mm Hg, left ventricular ejection fraction 60%±14%, 54.8% had prior SAS surgery, and 45.1% had surgery during follow‐up. Over a median follow‐up of 5.5 (1.5–12.3) years, 11.5% (n=56) died, 6.8% (n=33) had heart failure hospitalizations, 8.0% (n=39) experienced SAS recurrence, and 14 (5.9%) underwent repeat SAS surgery. Multivariable analyses identified older age per 10‐years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.37 [95% CI, 1.12–1.68]) and baseline New York Heart Association class (HR, 2.48 [95% CI, 1.54–3.99]) to be statistically significantly associated with the primary end point; higher body mass index, New York Heart Association class, and peak left ventricular outflow tract gradient were also statistically significantly associated with SAS recurrence and redo surgery.

Conclusions
Almost half of patients with SAS had surgery in the past or during follow‐up, and a significant minority had mortality or morbidity events during follow‐up. Identified prognosticators warrant further research to guide management.
Person‐Centered Approach to Understanding Psychosocial Stressor Subgroups and Cardiovascular Disease: New Perspectives From the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Study
Authors: Ajibewa Tiwaloluwa A. , Colangelo Laura A. , Chirinos Diana A. , Kershaw Kiarri N. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Allen Norrina B. 
Published: November 2024

Background
This study examined the longitudinal associations of psychosocial stress subgroups with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and whether social support, neighborhood cohesion, and physical activity modified these associations in MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Methods and Results

Data from 6349 adults (aged: 62.2 ± 10.2 years; 52.9% women) from the MESA study with no prior CVD in 2000 to 2002 (baseline) were used in this analysis. Latent class analysis was used to specify distinct psychosocial stress subgroups based on self‐reported stressors stemming from respondents' neighborhood and social environment. Adjudicated CVD events (fatal and nonfatal events) were ascertained annually through the year 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between subgroup membership and CVD events. Five distinct psychosocial stress subgroups were identified via latent class analysis and were labeled “moderate neighborhood noise” (12.1%), “excessive neighborhood noise” (6.4%), “multiple high stressors” (6.3%), “high discrimination” (21.4%), and “optimal” (53.8%). By 2019, 1121 participants had experienced a CVD event. Membership in the high discrimination (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29 [95% CI, 1.10–1.51]) subgroup was associated with higher risk of a CVD event when adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and cardiovascular health metrics. Neither social support, neighborhood cohesion, nor physical activity modified this association (
P
>0.05).

Conclusions
Distinct subgroups of individuals with high self‐reported psychological distress—particularly related to discrimination and chronic stress are associated with high incident cardiovascular events.
A Cold Shower for the Hot Hand Fallacy: Robust Evidence from Controlled Settings
Authors: Miller Joshua B. , Sanjurjo Adam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The canonical hot hand fallacy result was recently reversed, based largely on a single statistic, and a data set that was underpowered for individual-level testing. Here we perform a more robust analysis, testing whether hot hand performance exists across (i) data sets: four different controlled shooting experiments, (ii) time: multiple sessions per individual spread across a six month gap, and (iii) various (improved) approaches to statistical testing. We find strong evidence of hot hand performance, both across data sets and within individuals across time. Moreover, in a study of beliefs, we find that expert observers can successfully predict which shooters get the hottest.
The Distinction between Refugees and Immigrants
Authors: Gerhards Jürgen , Antoine Lukas , Ollroge Rasmus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
International law obliges states to admit refugees while allowing discretion in accepting voluntary immigrants. This study, based on a 26-country survey, examines citizen attitudes towards these groups. With reference to the debate in political philosophy, the authors distinguish between different attitudinal groups: Nationalists, who advocate for border control; Cosmopolitans, who support unrestricted immigration rights; Legalists, who align with international law by supporting state discretion for voluntary immigrants but mandating refugee acceptance; and Inconsistents, who believe the state should have the right to reject refugees but not voluntary immigrants. The findings reveal that most citizens do not differentiate between refugees and voluntary immigrants, challenging the legal distinction in international law. Nationalists make up 44% of respondents, Cosmopolitans 31%, Legalists 15%, and Inconsistents 9%. Nationalists and Cosmopolitans have clear social profiles based on structural and cultural characteristics, while Legalists and Inconsistents do not.
Explaining the US Health Paradox
Authors: Kettl Julian , Baeza Marcos , Carrasco Natalia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite its high health spending, the US shows below-average life expectancy when compared to other OECD-countries. To find explanatory factors for this paradox, this article employs a Nested Analysis combining Large N Analysis (LNA) and Small N Analysis (SNA). First, it examines how far US life expectancy deviates from OLS model predictions which include a comprehensive set of health determinants. The results show that the established determinants clearly fail to explain the US underperformance. Second, a comparative analysis between the US and Canada identifies three idiosyncratic factors that explain the US deviation: its health care system particularities (1), the opioid crisis and drug-related deaths (2), and the particularly severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (3).
The Passing-On of F.W. de Klerk: a Trigger for a Renewed Theological Discourse on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: Thinane Jonas Sello 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
After his death on 11 November 2021, social media in South Africa was immediately inundated with reactions to the mixed legacy of Frederik Willem de Klerk, the last President of South Africa during apartheid (1989–1994) and the former Vice President of Nelson Mandela (1994–1996) under the democratic dispensation. In most transitional justice processes, truth is often required in exchange for reconciliatory or peace accords. With the benefits of the literature review, this article problematises the deficiency of truth-telling or its absence thereof, by beneficiaries of apartheid, with particular stress on statements made by F.W. de Klerk during and after the TRC public hearings. It focuses on truth-telling as a neglected aspect in previous studies examining the work of the TRC. It uses the biblical understanding of the concept of truth as a foundational component of reconciliation to test the authenticity of the acclaimed reconciliation after the TRC hearings.
Can’t Buy Me Love? The Use of Gifts in the Residency Application Process
Authors: Anderson Brigitte , Ducich Nicole , Campbell Brady , Cahn Matthew , Kavic Stephen M. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction To set themselves apart, some programs use gifts or promotional items to highlight the residency program or unique local culture. The distinction between advertisement and persuasion may be blurry in this case. We sought to quantify the prevalence of gifts to applicants and how frequently the US federal threshold for “nominal gifts” was exceeded. Methods We reviewed a publicly accessible, Internet resource called the “ERAS Megathread.” This is a Google spreadsheet found on Reddit where applicants participating in The Match can anonymously contribute information about their experience. The incidence of “gifts” was quantified for surgical residency programs, along with the nominal value if indicated. The spreadsheets were reviewed for 2021, 2022, and 2023. Results Over the past 3 application cycles, 15.1% [11.1%-18.2%] of general surgery residency programs provided a gift to applicants. Of these programs, the majority (70.2%) are university-based programs. In 2023, 57.9% of these gifts exceeded US$20. Given the anonymous nature of the data set, and the lack of transparency in the match process, it was not possible to correlate gift giving with its effect on recruitment. Discussion/Conclusion Students are courted by residency programs, and a significant minority of programs provide a gift to applicants. The impact of a substantial gift on a financially vulnerable student is difficult to quantify. It behooves us as a specialty to determine what should be a universal standard and to consider outlining explicit guidelines for The Match.
TEP in the ER: After Hours Tracheoesophageal Prosthesis Management for the Otolaryngologist
Authors: Ottenstein Lauren R. , Shipp Christina , Patel Mihir , El-Deiry Mark , Sebelik Merry 
Published: November 2024

Background: Tracheoesophageal voice puncture and prosthesis (TEP) is a common method of voice restoration following total laryngectomy. A variety of complications, both minor and major, can be associated with the TEP and require timely intervention/management. Some of those complications include premature leakage, periprosthetic leakage, granulation tissue growth, TEP dislodgement, or embedding of the TEP. Patients may present with problems and/or complications with the voice prosthesis in an emergency setting or after clinic hours when a trained speech pathologist is not present or readily available for evaluation and management. This manuscript aims to provide guidance for management of acute TEP complications to otolaryngology responders, especially those who may be less familiar with TEP troubleshooting. Methods: Experiential and literature review was undertaken by a group of head and neck specialized Speech Language Professionals in high volume Head & Neck Oncology practices, to develop consensus guidelines for emergency TEP management. Results: TEP emergencies were categorized as (1) leakage through, (2) leakage around, (3) sudden loss of voicing, (4) loss of prosthesis, still in tract, (5) loss of prosthesis, not in tract. Management strategies for each form of emergency were developed to achieve patient safety and stability until definitive measures could be performed by the patient’s Speech Language Professional. Conclusions: The goals of emergency management of TEP problems focused on minimizing risk of aspiration pneumonia, risk of foreign body aspiration, risk of wound complications at the puncture site. A simple management algorithm was developed for emergency or on-call otolaryngology responders.
Vertical z-axis discontinuous carbon fibers for improved lightning strike performance of continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Hmeidat Nadim S. , Millen Scott L. J. , Saha Subhabrata , Kunc Vlastimil , Arabi Hassen Ahmed , Kumar Vipin 
Published: November 2024

Effective lightning strike protection for critical aerospace and wind applications requires high electrical conductivity to dissipate current efficiently. However, polymer matrix composites face a challenge due to their inherently insulating nature. While conventional carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRP) exhibit electrical conductivity in the planar direction, achieving through-thickness conductivity remains an ongoing challenge. In this work, we have undertaken the fabrication of CFRP interleaved with vertically oriented carbon fibers (Z-fiber) to impart higher electrical conductivity along the thickness direction. Two Z-fiber composite variations are prepared: Z-1 with a single layer of Z-fiber and Z-5 with five interleaved layers and compared with no Z-fiber layer (Z-0) composite. The composite panels were subjected to lab-scale lightning strike tests with a current magnitude of 100 kA. To emulate real-world service conditions, an aerospace-grade paint coating was applied to the composite laminates. Comparative analysis shows Z-1 reduces damage diameter to ∼22 mm compared to Z-0 (∼26 mm), while Z-5 exhibits the least damage (∼16.7 mm), confirmed by optical microscopy. Z-5 demonstrates nine times higher through-thickness electrical conductivity than Z-0, reducing electrical anisotropy substantially. Thermal-electric finite element damage modeling predicts surface damage within 6% of experimental values for both Z-0 and Z-5 composites. Flexural tests post-lightning reveal Z-5 retains 66% flexural strength and 86% modulus, significantly better than Z-0, which retains less than 40% for both properties. This study highlights the efficacy of Z-fiber composites in lightning strike protection, offering improved through-thickness conductivity and mechanical property retention.
HPV infection status among women of all ages in Jinshan District, Shanghai
Authors: Shanshan Chen , Jing Chen , Tao Xiao 
Published: November 2024

Objective We explored the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Methods We analyzed all HPV testing samples sent from our unit between December 2023 and April 2024. We reported the HPV prevalence overall, by age, and by subtype. Results In total, 3788 women aged 16 to 90 years had HPV test results. The prevalence of infection with any HPV subtype was 17.9%. The HPV prevalence by age group was: ≤30 years, 15.4%; 31–40 years, 14.7%; 41–50 years, 17.0%; 51–60 years, 22.4%; >60 years, 31.0%. Among HPV-positive women, 80.6% had infection with one subtype, 16.4% had dual infection, and 3.1% had three or more subtypes detected. We found 640 cases (16.9%) of infection with high-risk HPV subtypes and 139 cases (5.04%) of infection with low-risk HPV subtypes. The most common high-risk subtypes were HPV 52, 53, 58, and 16; the most common low-risk subtypes were HPV 81, 70, and 42. Conclusion We detected ≥1 HPV subtype among most women in our study. The prevalence of HPV was lowest in younger women and highest in women age >60 years. Tailored strategies for older women are needed to prevent HPV infection and cervical cancer.
Predictive Utility of Four Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Assessments and Cognitive Status Changes Among Cognitively In-Tact Older Adults
Authors: Phillips Christine B. , McVey Ava , Sprague Briana N. , Cooper Kalvry , Stephan Abigail T. , Ross Lesley A. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose To examine the factor structure and predictive utility of four instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) measures to identify cognitive status changes among older adults enrolled in the ACTIVE Trial. Major Findings Extracted factors represented IADL instruments. Baseline performance on the Everyday Problems Test (EPT) predicted 5-year MMSE scores (est. = .08, p < .001), adjusting for demographic and health covariates, baseline MMSE, self-reported IADL function, and the performance-based Observed Tasks of Daily Living and Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living assessments. For each 1-point increase in baseline EPT financial performance, the odds of cognitive impairment decreased by 26%. Conclusions IADL functional domains were not interchangeable across instruments. The EPT demonstrated better predictive utility compared to other instruments for detecting subsequent cognitive decline/impairment. This is a useful step in developing effective tools to detect early functional deficits indicating subsequent clinical impairment. Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Trial (ACTIVE), NCT00298558, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00298558 .
Management of COVID-19 in the community using virtual care: An Australian perspective
Authors: Yang Phillip F , Errington Belinda R , Bartyn Jenna , Liu Rong , Bein Kendall J , Hutchings Owen R , Davis Rebecca A 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Virtual care and remote monitoring were widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, early evaluations of effectiveness were often inconclusive due to low rates of enrolment and limited data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual care in managing individuals in community-based self-isolation and quarantine in Australia during this pandemic. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted of individuals admitted to a virtual hospital in Sydney who either tested positive for COVID-19 and required self-isolation, or tested negative but still needed to self-isolate, amidst the Delta wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcome measures included health service utilisation, in-hospital mortality, patient-reported experience measures (PREM), and cost savings resulting from avoided emergency department (ED) presentations. Results Out of 9571 individuals admitted, 8544 (89.3%) had COVID-19. Clinical deterioration or acute illness occurred in 2477 (25.9%) individuals, of whom 890 (9.3%) were referred to ED for further assessment or investigation, and 614 (6.4%) were admitted for inpatient treatment. Overall mortality was 0.2%. Out of 1020 individuals who completed the PREM survey, 846 (82.9%) rated the overall virtual care experience as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Avoided ED presentations possibly resulted in cost savings estimated between AU$691,214 and AU$2,994,540. Conclusion Virtual care was successfully used to manage a large number of individuals in community-based self-isolation and quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scalable pathways for triage, monitoring and clinical escalation via telehealth ensured patient safety and acceptability, and alleviated strain on the broader health system.
Influence of cognitive control on the moral foreign language effect
Authors: Privitera Adam John 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The Moral Foreign Language Effect (MFLE) is characterized by an increase in utilitarian responding when moral dilemmas are presented in a foreign language. Renewed interest in this psycholinguistic phenomenon has led to investigation of its boundary conditions and the modulatory influence of separable dimensions of foreign language experience. However, even when accounting for these additional differences, considerable variability in the MFLE is observed across participants. Recently, cognitive control, a set of mental processes that regulate thinking and behavior, has been identified as a potential modulator of the MFLE. To date, no studies have investigated whether differences in cognitive control influence the emergence of the MFLE. The present study aimed to directly explore this topic in a sample of Mandarin-English bilingual university students in Mainland China. Methodology: Participants responded to a set of moral dilemmas presented in either their native or foreign language and completed a Simon task to assess cognitive control. Findings: We report a dilemma and language context-specific modulatory role for cognitive control on the MFLE. Specifically, when presented in a foreign language, higher levels of cognitive control were associated with higher rates of utilitarian decisions on the classic Trolley dilemma. Originality: This study marks the first empirical investigation of the influence of cognitive control on the MFLE. Significance: Findings from this work highlight the role of cognitive control in moral decision-making and chart a course for future investigations on this topic.