bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting changing pattern: building model for consumer decision making in digital market
Authors: Kumar Anil , Mangla Sachin Kumar , Luthra Sunil , Rana Nripendra P. , Dwivedi Yogesh K. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Consumers have the multiple options to choose their products and services, which have a significant impact on the pattern of consumer decision making in digital market and further increases the challenges for the service providers to predict their buying pattern. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to propose a structural hierarchy model for analyzing the changing pattern of consumer decision making in digital market by taking an Indian context.

Design/methodology/approach
To accomplish the objectives, the research is conducted in two phases. An extensive literature review is performed in the first phase to list the factors related to the changing pattern of consumer decision making in digital market and then fuzzy Delphi method is applied to finalize the factors. In the second phase, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is employed to find the priority weights of finalized factors. The fuzzy set theory allows capturing the vagueness in the data.

Findings
The findings obtained in this study shows that consumers are much conscious about innovative and trendy products as well as brand and quality; therefore, the service providers must think about these two most important factors so that they can able to retain their consumer in their online portal.

Practical implications
The analysis shows that “innovative and trendy” is the first priority factor for the consumers followed by “brand and quality” and “fulfilment and time energy.” The proposed model can help the marketers and service providers in predicting customers’ preferences and their changing pattern efficiently under vague surroundings. The outcomes of this research work not only help the service provider to update their products and services according to consumers’ needs but can also help them to increase profit and minimize their risk.

Originality/value
This work contributes to consumer research literature focusing on problem evaluation in the context of changing pattern of consumer decision making in digital era.
Factors influencing customers’ change of behaviors from online banking to mobile banking in Tejarat Bank, Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Danyali Arezo 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the influential factors in changing customers’ behaviors from online banking to mobile banking based on Tiller and Tad model.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative method was used. This study is a practical research work by using 400 people, among whom 384 participants were selected based on simple random sampling.

Findings
The results indicated that the perceived advantage of using mobile banking, the influence of peer groups, source facilitator conditions as well as technology had the highest correlation. Among the influential components on attitude, the highest level belongs to perceived advantage of using mobile bank. Among the effective factors on behavioral control, source facilitator conditions and technology facilitator conditions had the highest correlation.

Research limitations/implications
It is suggested that the provided services be expanded via mobile banking and more customers be encouraged to use mobile banking services. For instance, the transaction of currency, stock, etc. via mobile banking is suggested. It is recommended that mobile banking software should be designed in a way that the process of mobile banking services is very easy for customers. Bank staff and employees should be trained to be active promoters of mobile banking services not only inside branch locations, but in other places and work environments as informers, messengers and models of using mobile banking.

Practical implications
It is recommended that bank managers should make use of the mass media such TV, billboard, radio, press, etc., in order to increase public awareness of mobile banking, and try to take effective steps in creating positive attitude in their customers on using mobile banking.

Social implications
Mobile banking has evolved as a wireless communication interface for producing value by customers in banking transactions. Todays, one of the substantially remarkable modern techniques in providing banking services is the provision of financial and banking services by using smart phones (mobiles). Although the life of using smart phones for banking and financial operations is not too long, significant advancements have been observed in this area within a short time, which could highly promise the extensive development of this modern electronic banking technique in future.

Originality/value
During the last decade, information technology has had tremendous impacts on banking industry through guiding and introducing new financial products with a specific delivering to its customers, enabling the banks to be able to provide distinguished products and special services to their customers safely and reliably. It is more than 200 years since banks have served their customers through their branch systems. However, with the emergence of various types of technology, the nature of providing financial services has greatly changed, with the increasing growth in electronic commerce.
Implicit change leadership, change management, and affective commitment to change
Authors: Hechanova Ma. Regina M. , Caringal-Go Jaimee Felice , Magsaysay Jowett F. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine differences in implicit change leadership schemas and their relationship with change management (CM) of employees of academic institutions and business enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative approach through surveys with 645 employees in academic institutions and business enterprises. Path analysis and regression were conducted to determine the relationships between the constructs.

Findings
Results show that CM mediates the relationship of change leadership schemas and affective commitment to change in both business enterprises and academic institutions. However, differences were found in the change leadership schemas that predict perceived effectiveness of CM. Execution competencies predicted effectiveness of CM in business enterprises whereas strategic and social competencies predicted perceived effectiveness of CM in academic institutions.

Research limitations/implications
The limitations of the study were the use of self-report data and its cross-sectional design. Future research may use longitudinal designs and multiple sources of data to explore the relationship of change leadership schemas and perceived effectiveness of CM. Moreover, leadership schemas may be examined in other types of organizations such as non-profits, government agencies and social enterprises.

Practical implications
Results suggest that change leadership schemas are context-dependent. Thus, it is important to consider organizational culture and follower schemas when choosing change leaders and executing change. Moreover, differences in the saliences of change leader schemas by type of organization suggest the need to adopt contextually nuanced approaches to the selection and development of change leaders.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to organizational change literature by providing evidence of differences in change leadership schemas among academic institutions and business enterprises.
Using artificial neural network for predicting and controlling the effluent chemical oxygen demand in wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Bekkari Naceureddine , Zeddouri Aziez 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Modeling Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) constitutes an important tool for controlling the operation of the process and for predicting its performance with substantial influent fluctuations. The purpose of this paper is to apply an artificial neural network (ANN) approach with a feed-forward back-propagation in order to predict the ten-month performance of Touggourt WWTP in terms of effluent Chemical Oxygen Demand (CODeff).

Design/methodology/approach
The inﬂuent variables such as (pHinf), temperature (TEinf), suspended solid (SSinf), Kjeldahl Nitrogen (KNinf), biochemical oxygen demand (BODinf) and chemical oxygen demand (CODinf) were used as input variables of neural networks. To determine the appropriate architecture of the neural network models, several steps of training were conducted, namely the validation and testing of the models by varying the number of neurons and activation functions in the hidden layer, the activation function in output layer as well as the learning algorithms.

Findings
The better results were achieved with an architecture network [6-50-1], hyperbolic tangent sigmoid activation functions at hidden layer, linear activation functions at output layer and a Levenberg – Marquardt method as learning algorithm. The results showed that the ANN model could predict the experimental results with high correlation coefficient 0.89, 0.96 and 0.87 during learning, validation and testing phases, respectively. The overall results indicated that the ANN modeling approach can provide an effective tool for simulating, controlling and predicting the performance of WWTP.

Originality/value
This work is the first of its kind in this region due to the remarkable development in terms of population and agricultural activity in the region, which drove to the increase of water pollutants, so it is necessary to use the modern technologies to modeling and controlling of WWTP.
Analyzing racial profiling from traffic searches
Authors: Vito Anthony Gennaro , Grossi Elizabeth L. , Higgins George E. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of racial profiling when the traffic stop outcome is a search using focal concerns theory as a theoretical explanation for police officer decision making and propensity score matching (PSM) as a better analysis to understand the race of the driver.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study come from traffic stops conducted by the Louisville Police Department between January 1 and December 31, 2002.FindingsThe results show that the elements of focal concerns theory matter most when it comes to if a traffic stop that resulted in a search even though racial profiling was evident. The use of PSM provides evidence that it is a better statistical technique when studying racial profiling. The gender of the driver was significant for male drivers but not for female drivers.Research limitations/implicationsThe data for this study are cross-sectional and are self-report data from the police officer.Practical implicationsThis paper serves as a theoretical explanation that other researchers could use when studying racial profiling along with a better type of statistical analysis being PSM.Social implicationsThe findings based on focal concerns theory could provide an explanation for police officer decision making that police departments could use to help citizens understand why a traffic stop search took place.Originality/valueThis is the first study of its kind to the researcher’s knowledge to apply focal concerns theory with PSM to understand traffic stop searches.
Resilience of public and private security providers: a state-of-the-art literature review
Authors: Laureys Vanessa A.S. , Easton Marleen 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the empirical literature on the resilience of public police officers and private security guards in stressful situations involving threats, violence, accidents or death. This paper studies the definitions of resilience used in these professions, identifies trends in applied research methods and examines the main topics addressed in previous research.

Design/methodology/approach
A scoping review was carried out, with searches in Web of Science and Google Scholar, as well as a secondary manual screening in Dutch academic journals. Based on this review, 33 empirical studies were included in the current paper.

Findings
First, it was revealed that a clear-cut definition of resilience applied to public police and private security guards is currently lacking. Second, predominantly quantitative designs were found to be used in the selected studies. Third, the 33 empirical studies provided insights on four main topics: demographic factors, personal characteristics, interpersonal aspects and resilience training programs. Remarkably, this scoping review did not find any empirical research on the resilience of private security guards.

Originality/value
This study systematically integrates the findings of empirical research on the resilience of security providers to stressful situations. The documentation of research activity, gaps and inconsistencies in the literature offer direction for future research in this relatively new field of study.
Measurement issues in police use of force: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Hollis Meghan E. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to systematically and comprehensively review the extant literature on measurement issues in police use of force.

Design/methodology/approach
The current study uses a narrative meta-review of measurement issues in police use of force through a systematic and exhaustive search of several academic databases (e.g. Criminal Justice Abstracts, EBSCO Host, PsychInfo, etc.).

Findings
The current meta-review identified 56 studies that matched the inclusion criteria. These studies examined public and police officer perceptions of use of force, rates of use of force, types of force used, neighborhood contextual correlates of use of force, and severity of force used. A wide variety of approaches were used to measure use of force, and operationalization of use of force was inconsistent across studies. This indicates a need for high-quality research focusing on comparable operationalization of variables, consistency in measurement, and use of more rigorous research techniques. The use of validated measures is essential moving forward.

Practical implications
The practical implications derived from this meta-review indicate a need for future researchers to carefully evaluate the measurement approaches used in use of force studies. The lack of consistency in measurement of use of force research is concerning, and a focused effort is required to validate measures.

Originality/value
The state-of-the-art review on measurement issues in police use of force is the first of its kind. This study comprehensively reviews the literature on measurement issues in police use of force. This study will be useful for those who wish to further explore measurement issues in police use of force issues in policing and those who wish to work toward validated use of force measures.
Input resources indicators in use for accreditation purpose of higher education institutions
Authors: Mati Yazid 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Higher education is a complex system that involves multiple inputs and outputs, where various activities and processes are performed. The purpose of this paper is to monitor the input resources used for executing various activities of higher education institutions. These resources are classified into three types: human resources, physical resources and financial resources.

Design/methodology/approach
The author examines various national and international accreditation standards to determine their requirements for key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor input resources. Moreover, the author uses implications proposed by previous research and best practices.

Findings
A set of appropriate and generic KPIs is developed for each type of these resources leading to a total of 72 key indicators. These indicators are easy to measure, which makes them practical to be adopted by a large scale of institutions.

Practical implications
The proposed indicators provide adequate information to administrators and policy-makers, accrediting bodies and stakeholders to identify the progress and achievements. These indicators are also used for benchmarking purposes by comparing the institution’s performance against their comparable institutions counterparts. Moreover, they are used for marketing purposes to commercialize the institution by attracting prospective students and teaching faculty in addition to increasing current students’ satisfaction.

Originality/value
The paper gives special attention to developing a set of generic KPIs for assessing the availability and quality of input resources used for carrying out various activities of higher education institutions for the aim of improving their performance and hence helping them comply with the requirements of accreditation standards.
Can ecosystem functioning be maintained despite climate‐driven shifts in species composition? Insights from novel marine forests
Authors: Pessarrodona Albert , Foggo Andrew , Smale Dan A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Climate change is driving a redistribution of species and the reconfiguration of ecological communities at a global scale. Persistent warming in many regions has caused species to extend their geographical ranges into new habitats, with thermally tolerant species often becoming competitively dominant over species with colder affinities. Although these climate‐driven changes in species abundance and diversity are well documented, their ecosystem‐level implications are poorly understood, and resolving whether reconfigured communities can maintain fundamental ecosystem functions represents a pressing challenge in an increasingly warmer world.

Here, we investigated how climate‐driven substitutions of foundation species influence processes associated with the cycling of organic matter (biomass production, detritus flow, herbivory, decomposition) by comparing two habitat‐forming kelp species with contrasting thermal affinities. We examined the wider ecosystem consequences of such shifts for the observed (and predicted) emergence of novel marine forest communities in the NE Atlantic, which are expected to become more dominated by range‐expanding, warm‐temperate kelp species.

Warm‐temperate kelps both accumulated and released 80% more biomass than the cold‐temperate species despite being taxonomically closely related and morphologically similar. Furthermore, the warm‐temperate species accumulated biomass and released detritus year‐round, whereas the cold‐temperate species did so during short, discrete periods. The warm‐temperate kelps supported higher densities of invertebrate grazers and were a preferred food source. Finally, their detritus decomposed 6.5 times faster, despite supporting comparable numbers of detritivores. Overall, our results indicate an important shift in organic matter circulation along large sections of NE Atlantic coastline following the climate‐driven expansion of a warm‐affinity kelp, with novel forests supplying large amounts of temporally continuous—yet highly labile—organic matter.

Synthesis. Collectively, our results show that, like species invasions, climate‐driven range expansions and consequent shifts in the identity of dominant species can modify a wide range of important ecosystem processes. However, alterations in overall ecosystem functioning may be relatively limited where foundation species share similar ecological and functional traits.
Different ecological strategies during the seed germination phase of nine grasses inhabiting the hyper‐arid Arabian desert
Authors: Bhatt Arvind , Santo Andrea 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe effect of photoperiod, thermoperiod and their interaction on seed germination and its rate was studied for nine grasses growing in the Arabian desert. Germination tests were conducted under two photoperiods and three thermoperiods. Germination of light‐incubated seeds of Hyparrhenia hirta, Pennisetum divisum, Stipacapensis, Centropodia forsskaolii, Stipagrostis plumosa, Cymbopogon parkeri and Panicum turgidum was significantly higher than that detected in the darkness. Photoperiod did not influence the seed germination of Aristida adscensionis and Imperata cylindrica. Seeds of all species, except P. divisum, C. parkeri and I. cylindrica, germinated indepen dently of the tested temperature. Our results indicate that species belonging to the same family and growing in the same hyper‐arid desert habitat may influence and act in different ways during the seed germination phase, causing species‐specific effects, and therefore might affect the ecology of each taxon in this harsh environment.
The model squid–vibrio symbiosis provides a window into the impact of strain‐ and species‐level differences during the initial stages of symbiont engagement
Authors: Koehler Sabrina , Gaedeke Roxane , Thompson Cecilia , Bongrand Clotilde , Visick Karen L. , Ruby Edward , McFall‐Ngai Margaret 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAmong horizontally acquired symbioses, the mechanisms underlying microbial strain‐ and species‐level specificity remain poorly understood. Here, confocal‐microscopy analyses and genetic manipulation of the squid–vibrio association revealed quantitative differences in a symbiont's capacity to interact with the host during initial engagement. Specifically, dominant strains of Vibrio fischeri, ‘D‐type’, previously named for their dominant, single‐strain colonization of the squid's bioluminescent organ, were compared with ‘S‐type’, or ‘sharing’, strains, which can co‐colonize the organ. These D‐type strains typically: (i) formed aggregations of 100s–1000s of cells on the light‐organ surface, up to 3 orders of magnitude larger than those of S‐type strains; (ii) showed dominance in co‐aggregation experiments, independent of inoculum size or strain proportion; (iii) perturbed larger areas of the organ's ciliated surface; and, (iv) appeared at the pore of the organ approximately 4×s more quickly than S‐type strains. At least in part, genes responsible for biofilm synthesis control the hyperaggregation phenotype of a D‐type strain. Other marine vibrios produced relatively small aggregations, while an array of marine Gram‐positive and ‐negative species outside of the Vibrionaceae did not attach to the organ's surface. These studies provide insight into the impact of strain variation on early events leading to establishment of an environmentally acquired symbiosis.
Delivering a World Leading Food and Farming Sector
Authors: Curnow John 
Published: August 2018

SummaryFor the last 40 years, farming policy in the UK has been driven by its membership of the European Union and the Common Agricultural Policy. Leaving the EU creates a huge opportunity to reform UK policy. The new policy needs to work for all stakeholders – for the UK's important food and farming sector; for consumers and taxpayers; and for the environment we steward for future generations. This article sets out the UK Government's key areas of focus for policy, as articulated in its consultation document in February 2018 and some of the underpinning analysis. It sets out the document's diagnosis of the current situation and the ideas it puts forward for policy development. A simpler system of regulation and enforcement is envisaged, which prioritises spending on the public goods and environmental outcomes that the public cares about, while phasing out direct payments and allowing the farming industry to develop its underlying competitiveness.