bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical evaluation of the extrapolation of data relative to antioxidant function from the laboratory and their implications on food production and human health: a review
Authors: Munialo Claire D. , Naumovski Nenad , Sergi Domenico , Stewart David , Mellor Duane D. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe use of the word ‘antioxidant’ has become widespread in food science, nutrition and consumer language, having become associated with potential health benefits linked to consuming sources of antioxidants in our food supply. However, there is significant doubt about direct antioxidant effects on human health. This may partly relate to methodology used for assessing functionality and activity (both in food matrices and in human health) as well as how data is extrapolated with respect to health based on laboratory analyses. In this review, the purpose and impact of antioxidants in food systems and on human health will be discussed, along with highlighting the best current methodology for analysing antioxidant effects. Consideration will also be made with respect to recommendations of how antioxidant activity should be reported, with a focus on being both scientifically accurate as well as minimising the risk of unwarranted extrapolations of benefits which might mislead end consumers.
Superchilled, chilled and frozen storage of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) fillets – changes in texture, drip loss, protein solubility and oxidation
Authors: Cropotova Janna , Mozuraityte Revilija , Standal Inger B. , Grøvlen Magnhild S. , Rustad Turid 
Published: February 2019

SummaryChanges in quality characteristics in relation to protease activity and protein oxidation in chilled, superchilled and frozen mackerel fillets during storage were studied. The solubility of sarcoplasmic proteins was quite stable in mackerel samples for all storage experiments, whereas the solubility of myofibrillar proteins decreased in both superchilled and frozen samples. A significant correlation (r = 0.983, P < 0.05) between the increased activity of cathepsin B+L in chilled fillets and softening of the fish flesh during storage was revealed. Contrary with chilled samples, the texture of superchilled mackerel fillets became tougher along the storage period, which can be explained by a higher rate of myofibrillar oxidation (r = 0.940, P < 0.05). The hardness and drip loss decreased slightly at the end of frozen storage. Superchilling preserved the quality of mackerel fillets with the least side effects in relation to protein solubility, drip loss and softening of the fish tissue as compared to chilled and frozen storage.
Phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain affects actomyosin dissociation and myosin degradation
Authors: Cao Lichuang , Hou Chengli , Shen Qingwu , Zhang Dequan , Wang Zhenyu 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis research aimed to investigate the influence of myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC) phosphorylation on actomyosin dissociation and myosin degradation in post‐mortem ovine longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle with a purpose for strategies to improve meat quality in practice. Data obtained show that the highest actomyosin dissociation occurred at 48 h post‐mortem. Based on the cluster analysis of the actomyosin dissociation degree at 48 h post‐mortem, samples were divided into high, middle and low‐actomyosin dissociation groups. During 0.5–72 h post‐mortem, the phosphorylation level of MRLC significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while actomyosin dissociation, and degradation of MRLC and myosin heavy chains (MHC) significantly increased (P < 0.05). The level of MRLC phosphorylation was negatively correlated with the degree of actomyosin dissociation (r = −0.794, P < 0.05), and the degradation of MRLC (r = −0.764, P < 0.05) and MHC (r = −0.826, P < 0.05). In conclusion, phosphorylation of MRLC may regulate actomyosin dissociation, as well as degradation of MRLC and MHC.
Clinical aspects of egg bioactive peptide research: a review
Authors: Grootaert Charlotte , Voorspoels Stefan , Jacobs Griet , Matthijs Bea , Possemiers Sam , Van der Saag Hans , Van Camp John , Lucey Alice 
Published: February 2019

SummaryExtensive in vitro and, to a more limited extent, animal research have demonstrated the health potential of a wide set of egg protein hydrolysates; however, well‐designed human intervention studies are scarce. Health claim assessment, however, sets high standards for characterisation of the bioactive peptides, investigation of the mode‐of‐action and convincing human intervention studies. In this review, we discuss the state‐of‐the‐art and knowledge gaps related to egg‐derived peptide bioavailability and bioactivity. In addition, we will formulate recommendations for appropriate design of future human intervention trials with egg‐derived peptides.
Can kidneys be saved in patients with urinary tuberculosis? A study in the era of modern chemotherapy and surgical armamentarium
Authors: Kumar Amar , Dangi Anuj D , Mukha Rajiv P , Panda Arabind , Jeychandraberry Chandrasingh , Kumar Santosh , Devasia Antony , Kekre Nitin S 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo assess renal unit survival and factors affecting renal salvageability in a cohort of patients receiving modern medical and surgical therapy for urinary tuberculosis.MethodsThis was a retrospective single‐center study including all patients diagnosed and treated as urinary tuberculosis between 2005 and 2015 at Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. The primary outcome was time to renal unit non‐salvageability (estimated glomerular filtration rate of <15 mL/min).ResultsA total of 128 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 37.7 ± 11.3 years, 33% had microbiological and 73% had histopathological confirmation in addition to radiological diagnosis. The estimated median survival of the involved renal units (n = 187) on Kaplan–Meier estimate was 75 months (95% CI 39–99). On multivariate analysis, renal units with initial split function >15 mL/min had fivefold the survival estimate as compared with those ≤15 mL/min (P < 0.001); the presence of one, two and three infundibular strictures had a 2.2‐, 2.9‐ and fivefold higher hazard of renal unit loss respectively, and lower ureteric strictures had fivefold longer estimated survival (P = 0.015) after treatment. Renal units in the reconstruction group had 5.44‐fold (95% CI 2.71–10.88, P < 0.001) longer survival than the permanent diversion group, with a mean change in split function of +0.76 (±16.11) mL/min, versus −5.61 (±10.87) mL/min respectively.ConclusionsLoss of renal units is a function of time despite modern treatment. Baseline renal unit function, site of ureteric involvement and extent of infundibular involvement on imaging are helpful in predicting the duration of renal salvageability. When feasible, reconstruction is better at renal function preservation.
Knowledge of parents/caregivers about the sleep bruxism of their children from all five Brazilian regions: A multicenter study
Authors: Prado Ivana Meyer , Paiva Saul Martins , Fonseca‐Gonçalves Andrea , Maia Lucianne Cople , Tavares‐Silva Claudia , Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Ferreira Fernanda Morais , Duarte Joyce , Granville‐Garcia Ana Flavia , Costa Edja Maria Melo Brito , Gomes Monalisa Cesarino , Ferreira Meire Coelho , Fagundes Daniela Malagoni , Alves Chirlene Lemos , Dutra André Luiz Tannus , Sarmento Naelka , Silva Mauricio Bacarin , Mohn Neto Carlos Rodolfo , Sacono Nancy Tomoko , Estrêla Renata Pereira , Serra‐Negra Junia Maria 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundSleep bruxism (SB) is a masticatory muscle activity that affects children. Parents’ knowledge is important for its identification and report to dentists.AimTo investigate parents’ knowledge about SB among their children.DesignA cross‐sectional study included 1325 parents of children from dental clinics of seven institutions from all regions of Brazil. Parents answered questions about child's sleep, knowledge about SB and its occurrence among children and parents. SB definition given by parents was dichotomized as “correct”/“incorrect”, based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine definition. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed (P < 0.05).ResultsMost parents (57.3%) did not know what SB is and 88.9% would like to receive more information. SB prevalence among parents was 15.4% and 24.0% among children. Between parents who correctly defined SB, its prevalence increased to 27.5% among parents and 40.6% among children. Parents whose children had/have SB, who would like to receive more information about SB and were from the North, Central‐West, Southeast, and South regions were more likely to define SB correctly (P > 0.05).ConclusionThere is a lack of knowledge of parents about SB. SB among children, parents’ interest in receiving more information and their location were factors associated to their knowledge.
Strengthening three‐dimensional printed ultra‐light ceramic lattices
Authors: Mei Hui , Huang Weizhao , Zhao Yizhi , Cheng Laifei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCeramic is a typical brittle‐essence material, which makes the low strength a fatal problem for ultra‐light ceramic lattices with ultra‐high porosity. In this study, ultra‐light ceramic lattices with calculated density of ca. 0.8 g/cm3 and porosity up to ca. 80% reaching maximum compressive strength of 107 MPa were successfully printed by a three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology stereolithography. Ultra‐high‐specific strength of the printed ceramic lattices (32 N·m/g) was even much higher than that of the steel lattices (2 N·m/g) (Int J Mach Tool Manuf, 62, 2012, 32). Short‐cut quartz fibers and in situ growing Si3N4 whiskers were introduced as reinforcements to improve the strength of the printed lattices. Compressive strengths of the ceramic lattices improved by 2.8 and 3.6 times stronger than the originals, respectively. Significantly, energy absorption of the ceramic lattices under compression reached over 10 times larger than before. In comparison with the originals, micronano reinforcements significantly improved the compressive properties of the lattices with microsupporting structures and network formed in internal pores while maintaining the ultra‐light structure.
Phylogenetic and spatial analyses suggest minimum temperature as an environmental filter for turtle communities
Authors: Rodrigues João Fabrício Mota , Sobral Fernando Landa , Iverson John B. , Diniz‐Filho José Alexandre Felizola 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimThis study aims to evaluate phylogenetic structure of turtle communities and their potential correlates on a global scale. More specifically, we tested whether cold temperatures and low precipitation could act as potential environmental filters of turtle communities and whether the dispersal limitation caused by altitudinal range could generate phylogenetic clustered patterns in these communities.LocationGlobal.TaxonTurtles.MethodsWe used phylogenetic and distributional data of 257 species of turtles on a grid of 100 km × 100 km to generate measures of phylogenetic structure (mean nearest taxon distance and the mean pairwise distance, and their standardized effect sizes—SES) of turtle communities using three different species pools. We evaluated the relationship between SESs with climatic and altitudinal data in order to evaluate our hypotheses. Finally, we inspected whether there was phylogenetic signal in the climatic variables classified as potential filters, as it is a basic assumption for using phylogenetic structure metrics to infer assembly rules.ResultsPhylogenetic clustering was generally stronger than phylogenetic overdispersion in turtle communities. There was a positive relationship between minimum temperature and the phylogenetic structure metrics, while minimum precipitation and altitudinal range were negatively related to these metrics. We found a strong phylogenetic signal in the minimum temperature, while precipitation had a weak signal.Main conclusionsThe positive correlation between phylogenetic community structure metrics and minimum temperature and the phylogenetic signal present in this climatic variable are in accordance with our initial hypothesis regarding minimum temperature acting as an environmental filter for turtles. However, we did not find evidence to support minimum precipitation as a filter. Altitudinal range followed the expected patterns, suggesting that it increases dispersal limitation and allows a concentration of closely related species.
Validation of two watch‐type wearable blood pressure monitors according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO81060‐2:2013 guidelines: Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZM and HEM‐6410T‐ZL
Authors: Kuwabara Mitsuo , Harada Kanako , Hishiki Yukiko , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: February 2019

There is growing evidence of the clinical significance of daytime masked hypertension (MHT) and blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV). Recently, watch‐type wearable devices for self‐BP measurement have become available. Such devices might be promising tools to identify patients with daytime MHT or large BPV in their real‐life conditions. The present study aimed to validate the accuracy of the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZM and the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZL, which are automatic watch‐type wearable devices for self‐BP measurement, according to the American National Standards Institute, Inc/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/International Organization for Standardization (ANSI/AAMI/ISO) 81060‐2:2013 guideline. Watches were held with the wrist at heart level. The mean differences between reference BPs and HEM‐6410T‐ZM readings were −0.9 ± 7.6/‐1.1 ± 6.1 mm Hg for systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) for criterion 1, and −0.9 ± 6.8/‐1.1 ± 5.5 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 2. The mean differences between reference BPs and HEM‐6410T‐ZL readings were 2.4 ± 7.3/0.7 ± 7.0 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 1, and 2.4 ± 6.5/0.7 ± 6.5 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 2. The Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZM and the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZL both fulfilled both validation criteria 1 and 2 of the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060‐2:2013 guidelines.
MicroRNA‐383 inhibits doxorubicin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2
Authors: Tu Chaoyong , Chen Wei , Wang Shuqian , Tan Wei , Guo Jingqiang , Shao Chuxiao , Wang Weilin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDrug resistance occurs commonly in cancers, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in tumour chemoresistance. However, little is known about the role of miR‐383 in HCC chemoresistance. In the present study, RT‐PCR and western blotting were used to identify the expression profile of miR‐383 and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2). The bioinformatics website Targetscan was used to predict the target genes of miR‐383. In vitro and in vivo loss‐ and gain‐of‐function studies were performed to reveal the effects and potential mechanism of the miR‐383/EIF5A2 axis in chemoresistance of HCC cells. The expression level of miR‐383 correlated negatively with doxorubicin (Dox) sensitivity. Overexpression of miR‐383 promoted HCC cells to undergo Dox‐induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis, whereas miR‐383 knockdown had the opposite effects. EIF5A2 was predicted as a target gene of miR‐383. EIF5A2 knockdown sensitized HCC cells to Dox. Moreover, miR‐383 inhibition‐mediated HCC Dox resistance could be reversed by silencing EIF5A2. Finally, we demonstrated that miR‐383 inhibition could enhance Dox sensitivity by targeting EIF5A2 in vivo. The results indicated that miR‐383 inhibited Dox resistance in HCC cells by targeting EIF5A2. Targeting the miR‐383/EIF5A2 axis might help to alleviate the chemoresistance of HCC cells.
Epidemiology and prognostic factors for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome in a multi‐ethnic Asian cohort: a 12‐year review
Authors: Lim H.L.J. , Tan E.S.T. , Tee S.I. , Ho Z.Y. , Boey J.J.J. , Tan W.P. , Tang M.B.Y. , Shen L. , Chan Y.H. , Tan S.H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundLimited information exists regarding survival of Asian patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS).ObjectiveTo evaluate the epidemiology, outcome and prognostic factors of these patients.MethodsA retrospective review of MF/SS cases diagnosed from 2000 to 2011 at a tertiary referral dermatology centre in Singapore was performed.ResultsOf 246 patients, 63% were male and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. 73.2% were Chinese, 12.6% Indian, 6.9% Malay and 7.3% Caucasian. A total of 239 patients (97.2%) had MF and seven had SS. Median follow‐up duration was 6.3 years, and median duration of symptoms at diagnosis was 13 months. For patients with MF, the majority had early disease (92.8% stage IA–IIA). 3.8% were stage IIB, 1.7% stage III and 1.7% stage IV. Complete response to treatment occurred in 78.2%, partial response in 9.6%, persistent but non‐progressive disease in 10.0% and disease progression in 4.1% of patients. Large cell transformation occurred in 4.1% of patients. Mean overall survival during this study was 12.7 years, with death occurring in 2.5% of patients (all ≥stage IIB at diagnosis). For patients with SS, 71.4% presented with stage IVA disease, 28.6% stage IVB. Complete response to treatment occurred in 14.2%, persistent but non‐progressive disease in 28.6% and disease progression in 57.2% of patients. Mean overall survival was 3.3 years within this study, with death occurring in 42.9% of SS patients. Prognostic factors associated with favourable recurrence‐free survival were male gender (P = 0.008), early disease stage (T1) at diagnosis (P < 0.001) and absence of maintenance treatment after remission (P = 0.01).ConclusionCompared to Caucasian and East Asian cohorts, MF in South‐East Asians was diagnosed at a younger age and associated with lower mortality, largely due to greater prevalence of hypopigmented MF.
Preparation and characterization of water in sesame oil microemulsion by spontaneous method
Authors: Nazari Mona , Mehrnia Mohammad Amin , Jooyandeh Hossein , Barzegar Hassan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMicroemulsions based on their formation mechanism comparing to kinetically stable nanoemulsions are thermodynamically stable. Moreover, water in oil microemulsions could be used for encapsulation of water soluble compounds or preparing low fat products. In this research, we investigated the effects of preparation and formulation conditions on the formation and physical properties of water in sesame oil microemulsions using spontaneous method. Results showed that PGPR comparing to Span 80 formed transparent nanoemulsion with 67 nm droplet size. To investigate PGPR ability for emulsifying higher amounts of dispersed phase, water content increased in fixed concentration of PGPR. Increasing water content (%WOR) from 10 to 50% increased droplet size and viscosity from 53 to 722 nm and from 115 to 183 mPa.s, respectively. By increasing stirring speed to 900 rpm, droplet size decreased to 45 nm, but increasing stirring time to 2.5 hr, droplet size increased to 72 nm comparing to standard conditions. Comparing to pure water dissolving Vitamin C in inner aqueous phase increased droplet size to 171 nm.Practical applicationsWater in oil microemulsions fabricated using spontaneous method due to their high stability could be used for preparing low fat products such as seasonings and sauces. In this study, internal aqueous phase increased as much as possible at a fixed concentration of surfactant and factors affecting the emulsion droplet size and consequently their stability were evaluated. Moreover, such emulsions could be used for encapsulating water soluble ingredients such as Vitamin C in aqueous phase.
Elicitor hydrophobin Hyd1 interacts with Ubiquilin1‐like to induce maize systemic resistance
Authors: Yu Chuanjin , Dou Kai , Wang Shaoqing , Wu Qiong , Ni Mi , Zhang Tailong , Lu Zhixiang , Tang Jun , Chen Jie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTrichoderma harzianum is a plant‐beneficial fungus that secretes small cysteine‐rich proteins that induce plant defense responses; however, the molecular mechanism involved in this induction is largely unknown. Here, we report that the class II hydrophobin ThHyd1 acts as an elicitor of induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants. Immunogold labeling and immunofluorescence revealed ThHyd1 localized on maize (Zea mays) root cell plasma membranes. To identify host plant protein interactors of Hyd1, we screened a maize B73 root cDNA library. ThHyd1 interacted directly with ubiquilin 1‐like (UBL). Furthermore, the N‐terminal fragment of UBL was primarily responsible for binding with Hyd1 and the eight‐cysteine amino acid of Hyd1 participated in the protein‐protein interactions. Hyd1 from T. harzianum (Thhyd1) and ubl from maize were co‐expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, they synergistically promoted plant resistance against Botrytis cinerea. RNA‐sequencing analysis of global gene expression in maize leaves 24 h after spraying with Curvularia lunata spore suspension showed that Thhyd1‐induced systemic resistance was primarily associated with brassinosteroid signaling, likely mediated through BAK1. Jasmonate/ethylene (JA/ET) signaling was also involved to some extent in this response. Our results suggest that the Hyd1‐UBL axis might play a key role in inducing systemic resistance as a result of Trichoderma‐plant interactions.
Closed system behaviour of argon in osumilite records protracted high‐Tmetamorphism within the Rogaland–Vest Agder Sector, Norway
Authors: Blereau Eleanore , Clark Chris , Jourdan Fred , Johnson Tim E. , Taylor Richard J. M. , Kinny Peter D. , Danišík Martin , Hand Martin , Eroglu Ela 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHere, we present results of the first40Ar/39Ar dating of osumilite, a high‐Tmineral that occurs in some volcanic and high‐grade metamorphic rocks. The metamorphic osumilite studied here is from a metapelitic rock within the Rogaland–Vest Agder Sector, Norway, an area that experienced regional granulite facies metamorphism and subsequent contact metamorphism between 1,100 Ma and 850 Ma. The large grain size (~1 cm) of osumilite in the studied rock, which preserves a nominally anhydrous assemblage, increases the potential for large portions of individual grains to have remained essentially unaffected by the effects of diffusive argon loss, potentially preserving prograde ages. Step‐heating diffusion experiments yielded a maximum activation energy of ~461 kJ/mol and a pre‐exponential factor of ~8.34 × 108 cm2/s for Ar diffusion in osumilite. These parameters correspond to a relatively high closure temperature of ~620°C for a cooling rate of 10°C/Ma in an osumilite crystal with a 175 µm radius. Fragments of osumilite separated from the sample preserve a range of ages betweenc. 1,070 and 860 Ma. The oldest ages are inferred to date the growth of coarse‐grained osumilite during prograde granulite facies regional metamorphism, which pre‐date contact metamorphism that has historically been ascribed to the growth of osumilite in the region. The majority of fragments record ages betweenc. 920 and 860 Ma, inferred to reflect the growth of osumilite and/or diffusive argon loss during contact metamorphism. The retention of old40Ar/39Ar dates was facilitated by the low diffusivity of Ar in osumilite (i.e. a closed system), large grain sizes, and anhydrous metamorphic conditions. The ability to date osumilite with the40Ar/39Ar method provides a valuable new thermochronometer that may constrain the timing and duration of high‐Tmagmatic and metamorphic events.