bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Basel accords, capital reserves, and agricultural lending
Authors: Brester Gary W. , Watts Myles J. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The safety and soundness of financial institutions has become a leading worldwide issue because of the recent global financial crisis. Historically, financial crises have occurred approximately every 20 years. The worst financial crisis in the last 75 years occurred in 2008–2009. US regulatory efforts with respect to capital reserve requirements are likely to have several unintended consequences for the agricultural lending sector—especially for smaller, less-diversified (and often, rural agricultural) lenders. The paper discusses these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Simulation models and value-at-risk (VaR) criteria are used to evaluate the impact of capital reserve requirements on lending return on equity. In addition, simulations are used to calculate the effects of loan numbers and portfolio diversification on capital reserve requirements.

Findings
This paper illustrates that increasing capital reserve requirements reduces lending return on equity. Furthermore, increases in the number of loans and portfolio diversification reduce capital reserve requirements.

Research limitations/implications
The simulation methods are a simplification of complex lending practices and VaR calculations. Lenders use these and other procedures for managing capital reserves than those modeled in this paper.

Practical implications
Smaller lending institutions will be pressured to increase loan sector diversification. In addition, traditional agricultural lenders will likely be under increased pressure to diversify portfolios. Because agricultural loan losses have relatively low correlations with other sectors, traditional agricultural lenders can expect increased competition for agricultural loans from non-traditional agricultural lenders.

Originality/value
This paper is novel in that the authors illustrate how lender capital requirements change in response to loan payment correlations both within and across lending sectors.
The impact of trade liberalization on poverty reduction in rural China
Authors: Wang Jun , Hu Yong 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how trade liberalization influences rural poverty reduction in China.Design/methodology/approachThe authors make use of China Family Panel Studies survey data, take annual income of farmers of RMB2,300 and RMB3,450 as the poverty lines (poverty line 1 and poverty line 2, respectively). Residents below poverty line 1 and poverty line 2 are 2,580 and 2,661, respectively. Probit model is used to estimate the impact of trade liberalization on the poverty probability. Income-deciding equation is used to estimate the impact of trade liberalization on the income level of poor residents in rural areas. Income-deciding equation is also used to examine the transmission mechanism of trade liberalization affecting rural poverty.FindingsThis study finds that trade liberalization can reduce the poverty probability of rural residents and promote the income growth of poor residents in rural areas. Trade liberalization increases the income of poor residents and reduces poverty through transmission mechanisms such as promoting economic growth and financial expenditure.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study to quantitatively model the impact of trade liberalization on rural poverty reduction in China using residents’ survey data.
Perceived service quality, repeat use of healthcare services and inpatient satisfaction in emerging economy
Authors: Trivedi Rohit , Jagani Khyati 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand that how different demographic variables and repeated availing of service from the same doctor or same hospital shape the overall perception of health-care service quality and satisfaction among inpatients admitted in private hospitals in an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-administered, cross-sectional survey of inpatients using a questionnaire was translated into Hindi and Gujarati. The data were collected from 702 inpatients from 18 private clinics located in three selected cities from Western India.

Findings
The results indicate that experience with hospital administration, doctors, nursing staff, physical environment, hospital pharmacy and physical environment is significant predictor of inpatient satisfaction. Physical environment was found to be significantly associated with satisfaction only among female inpatient. It was also found that repeat availing of services either from the same hospital or doctor does not increase patient satisfaction. The feasibility, reliability and validity of the instrument that measures major technical and nontechnical dimensions of quality of health-care services were established in the context of a developing country.

Originality/value
The study makes important contribution by empirically investigating the inpatient assessment of health-care service quality based upon their demographic information and repeated availing of services to understand how repeat visit shapes the service quality perception.
Self-organized innovation networks from the perspective of complex systems
Authors: Silva Adauto Lucas , Guerrini Fabio Müller 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
In order to deepen the understanding of self-organization, the purpose of the paper is to raise and analyze the state of the art in the area of innovation networks, particularly the characteristics of self-organizing, relying on the theory of complex systems to overcome any shortcomings.

Design/methodology/approach
The databases selected for the search were Web of Science and Scopus; the keywords searched in the titles of articles were innovation networks, complex systems, self-organization and self-organizing; the timeline of the search covers the period between 2000 and 2014 due to the presence of important studies in the field of networks starting in the early 2000s; only studies published in English were used; the articles selected were examined by first reading the titles, then the abstracts, and finally the texts in full.

Findings
The way the main constructs from the analytical perspective of innovation networks intersect with complex systems explains how self-organization is presented and how it can be allowed to occur within a view of expected benefits for the purposes of these networks.

Originality/value
The originality of the research lies in the questioning of the classical form of organizational management in innovation networks, essentially based on the concentration of hierarchical power.
Vulvar lichen sclerosus: A single‐center retrospective study in China
Authors: Yang Min , Wen Wei , Chang Jianmin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an uncommon, chronic inflammatory skin disease lacking clinical data of large sample size in China. This study was intended to provide missing data on this condition through investigating the clinical characteristics of Chinese VLS patients. The medical records of 129 VLS patients from our vulvar outpatient clinic were analyzed with SPSS version 18.0 software. The age of onset followed a normal distribution, with the peak at 25–30 years. Of all cases, the incidence rate during the postmenopausal period was 14.0% with an average duration of 9.22 years. The most frequently involved site was the bilateral labia minora (71.3%). Itching was the principal symptom (94.6%); meanwhile, patients with severe itching more commonly experienced longer duration, flaring at night, hyperkeratotic lesions or rashes on the posterior commissure than those with mild to moderate itching (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 60% of the enrolled patients suffered from sexual dysfunction. The major sign was pallor (92.2%), followed by hyperkeratosis (55.0%) and atrophy (40.3%). The patients with atrophy had a significantly longer duration of the disease, and the older patients presented more frequently with edema in the area of lesions (both P < 0.05). Of our patients, 9.3% suffered concomitantly from autoimmune diseases, mostly thyroid with one case being complicated by vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In our study, the severity of pruritus was partly related to clinical manifestations. Moreover, Chinese patients could have developed VLS mostly in the reproductive period, with less complications of autoimmune diseases or SCC.
Race Equality after Enoch Powell
Authors: Meer Nasar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEnoch Powell's infamous speech casts a long shadow over race equality in the UK. Looking back to the 1968 Race Relations Bill and then forwards to the present social and political landscape this article explores how an uneven race equality story has been characteristic of the UK approach since Powell's intervention. If the intended objective of the initial and later race equality bills was to reduce ethnic and racial disparities to a marginal or ‘negligible’ level, then we are a great distance from success. If the objective was slightly different, but not unrelated, and sought to reshape public conventions on racism (and ethnic and racial diversity more broadly), then the answer is more complicated but also unfinished.
Measuring metagenome diversity and similarity with Hill numbers
Authors: Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Li Lianwei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe first step of any metagenome sequencing project is to get the inventory of OTU abundances (operational taxonomic units) and/or metagenomic gene abundances. The former is generated with 16S‐rRNA‐tagged amplicon sequencing technology, and the latter can be generated from either gene‐targeted or whole‐sample shotgun metagenomics technologies. With 16S‐rRNA data sets, measuring community diversity with diversity indexes such as species richness and Shannon's index has been a de facto standard analysis; nevertheless, similarly comprehensive approaches to metagenomic gene abundances are still largely missing, despite that both OTU and gene abundances are DNA reads. Here, we adapt the Hill numbers, which were reintroduced to macrocommunity ecology recently and are now widely regarded as a most appropriate measure system for ecological diversity, for measuring metagenome alpha‐, beta‐ and gamma‐diversities, and similarity. Our proposal includes the following: (a) Metagenomic gene (MG) diversity measures the single‐gene‐level metagenome diversity; (b) Type‐I metagenome functional gene cluster (MFGC) diversity measures the diversity of functional gene clusters but ignoring within‐cluster gene abundance information; (c) Type‐II MFGC diversity considers within‐cluster gene abundances information and integrates gene‐cluster‐level metagenome diversity and functional gene redundancy information; and (d) Four classes of Hill‐numbers‐based similarity metrics, including local gene overlap, regional gene overlap, gene homogeneity measure and gene turnover complement, were introduced in terms of MG and MFGC, respectively. We demonstrate the proposal with the gut metagenomes from healthy and IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) cohorts. The Hill numbers offer a unified approach to cohesively and comprehensively measuring the ecological and metagenome diversities of microbiomes.
Nutrient deficiencies do not contribute to yield loss after waterlogging events in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Wollmer A.‐C. , Pitann B. , Mühling K.‐H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFrequent waterlogging increases the risk of possible harvest losses in winter wheat. The aim of this study was to analyse which developmental stage of wheat was impaired by waterlogging and whether yield losses can be explained by nutrient deficiences. A large‐scale container experiment was designed to evaluate growth, yield and nutrient status of two wheat cultivars after 14 days of waterlogging at two different developmental stages: DC 31 (first node visible) and DC 51 (beginning of ear emergence). Early waterlogging treatment impaired vegetative growth stages of winter wheat and nutrient uptake, leading to transient nutrient deficiencies, but yield was not significantly reduced. Late waterlogging at the beginning of ear emergence mainly affected generative growth stages and caused yield reductions ranging up to 61%. The main reason for yield loss was the significantly decreased thousand kernel weight in combination with a decreased number of grains per spike. Yield depressions in winter wheat depend on the timing of waterlogging. Early waterlogging transiently reduces vegetative growth through nutrient deficiencies, whereas late waterlogging results in an impaired grain development and associated therewith, yield losses.
Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with solid tumors with resolved HBV infection
Authors: Kotake Takeshi , Satake Hironaga , Okita Yoshihiro , Hatachi Yukimasa , Hamada Mamiko , Omiya Masatomo , Yasui Hisateru , Hashida Toru , Kaihara Satoshi , Inokuma Tetsuro , Tsuji Akihito 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundReports of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in solid tumors are very limited, and their frequencies and risk factors were previously unknown.AimTo evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of HBV reactivation in patients with solid tumors with resolved HBV infection.MethodsAll 1088 patients with solid tumors were assessed for eligibility; 251 patients had resolved HBV infection (negative for HBs antigen and positive for anti‐HBc antibody and/or positive for anti‐HBs antibody), and HBV‐DNA was assessed for 243 of these patients in whom we analyzed the prevalence of HBV reactivation. Risk factors for HBV reactivation were exploratorily evaluated by analysis of a case–control study.ResultsThe prevalence of HBV‐DNA reactivation was 2.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–3.9%). We did not observe any exacerbation of HBV‐DNA by early intervention. A low anti‐HBs antibody titer (<10.0 mIU/mL) and high average daily dexamethasone dose (>1.0 mg/day) were high risk factors, with odds ratios of 5.94 (95% CI, 1.15–30.6, P = 0.03) and 8.69 (95% CI, 1.27–58.8, P = 0.02), respectively.ConclusionHBV reactivation in solid tumor patients was relatively rare. Therefore, risk factors that can identify targets for HBV screening must be determined in future studies.
Association between peri‐operative angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers and acute kidney injury in major elective non‐cardiac surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study
Authors:   STARSurg Collaborative
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe peri‐operative use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers is thought to be associated with an increased risk of postoperative acute kidney injury. To reduce this risk, these agents are commonly withheld during the peri‐operative period. This study aimed to investigate if withholding angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers peri‐operatively reduces the risk of acute kidney injury following major non‐cardiac surgery. Patients undergoing elective major surgery on the gastrointestinal tract and/or the liver were eligible for inclusion in this prospective study. The primary outcome was the development of acute kidney injury within seven days of operation. Adjusted multi‐level models were used to account for centre‐level effects and propensity score matching was used to reduce the effects of selection bias between treatment groups. A total of 949 patients were included from 160 centres across the UK and Republic of Ireland. From this population, 573 (60.4%) patients had their angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers withheld during the peri‐operative period. One hundred and seventy‐five (18.4%) patients developed acute kidney injury; there was no difference in the incidence of acute kidney injury between patients who had their angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers continued or withheld (107 (18.7%) vs. 68 (18.1%), respectively; p = 0.914). Following propensity matching, withholding angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers did not demonstrate a protective effect against the development of postoperative acute kidney injury (OR (95%CI) 0.89 (0.58–1.34); p = 0.567).
Increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten‐free diet: beyond traditional metabolic factors
Authors: Tovoli F. , Negrini G. , Farì R. , Guidetti E. , Faggiano C. , Napoli L. , Bolondi L. , Granito A. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundA gluten‐free diet (GFD) is known to be associated with altered macronutrient intake and metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic hallmark of metabolic syndrome. The risk of NAFLD in patients with coeliac disease (CD) adhering to a GFD remains to be fully investigated; in particular, data from real‐life clinical settings are lacking.AimTo assess the prevalence and relative risk of NAFLD in CD patients treated with a GFD.MethodsCase–control study, with prospective enrolment of CD outpatients following a GFD and controls. Patients were matched for demographic characteristics (age and gender) and metabolic risk factors (overweight, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, and triglycerides) using a 1:1 ratio. NAFLD was diagnosed according to the European Association for the Study of the Liver criteria.Results202 CD patients and 202 controls were compared. The raw prevalence of NAFLD was 34.7% and 21.8% in the CD and control group, respectively (P = 0.006). Binary logistic regression confirmed an increased risk of NAFLD in the CD group (adjusted odds ratio = 2.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.64‐5.15, P < 0.001). Additionally, the relative risk for NAFLD was notably higher in non‐overweight CD patients (adjusted odds ratio = 5.71, 95% confidence interval: 2.30‐14.19, P < 0.001).ConclusionsMore than one‐third of CD patients adhering to a GFD had concurrent NAFLD, accounting for a three‐fold increased risk compared to the general population. Dietary advice provided using a patient‐tailored approach should assist CD patients with NAFLD in achieving an appropriate nutritional intake whilst reducing the risk of long‐term liver‐related events.
Does the addition of cognitive therapy to exposure and response prevention for obsessive compulsive disorder enhance clinical efficacy? A randomized controlled trial in a community setting
Authors: Rector Neil A. , Richter Margaret A. , Katz Danielle , Leybman Michelle 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesExposure and response prevention (ERP) remains the most empirically supported psychological treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Clinical guidelines recommend the addition of cognitive approaches to ERP although the presumed additive benefits have not been directly tested. The aim of this was to compare a treatment that integrated cognitive therapy with ERP (ERP + CT) to traditional, manualized ERP to test the additive benefits.DesignA longitudinal, randomized control trial design was used.MethodsParticipants (N = 127) with OCD were randomly assigned to receive individual outpatient ERP or ERP + CT. Obsessive‐compulsive symptom severity measures were completed pre‐ and post‐treatment and at 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsWhile both conditions led to significant symptom and obsessive belief reduction, ERP + CT led to significantly greater symptom and belief reduction as compared to ERP across all main symptom presentations of OCD. Based on a priori definitions of effectiveness, more patients in ERP + CT compared to the ERP group were also deemed treatment responders.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that cognitive therapy can be readily integrated with ERP to improve clinical outcomes beyond ERP alone.Practitioner points

Both ERP and ERP + CT were effective, however a course of ERP + CT was significantly more effective at reducing symptoms of OCD than the ERP treatment condition.

Significantly more participants who received ERP + CT experienced clinically significant change in OCD symptoms compared to those who received ERP.

OCD symptom dimension did not significantly impact response to either ERP or ERP + CT treatments.
The use of erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents is safe and effective in the management of anaemia in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib
Authors: Crisà Elena , Cilloni Daniela , Elli Elena M. , Martinelli Vincenzo , Palumbo Giuseppe A. , Pugliese Novella , Beggiato Eloise , Frairia Chiara , Cerrano Marco , Lanzarone Giuseppe , Marchetti Monia , Mezzabotta Mauro , Boccadoro Mario , Ferrero Dario 
Published: July 2018

SummaryErythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) were combined with ruxolitinib in 59 anaemic myelofibrosis patients (93% with Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System [DIPSS] intermediate‐2/high risk; 52·5% transfusion‐dependent). Anaemia response (AR) rate was 54% and 76% of patients responded at 5 years. A further 15% displayed minor improvement in anaemia and 78% of patients reduced spleen size. Endogenous erythropoietin levels <125 u/l correlated with a higher AR rate (63% vs. 20%, P = 0·008). No thrombotic events or other toxicities occurred. Overall survival was 62% at 4 years, influenced by DIPSS and transfusion dependency. ESAs seem effective in improving anaemia in ruxruxolitinib‐treated myelofibrosis patients.
High‐dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in marginal zone lymphomas: a retrospective study by theEBMTLymphoma Working Party andFIL‐GITMO
Authors: Avivi Irit , Arcaini Luca , Ferretti Virginia V. , Boumendil Ariane , Finel Hervé , Milone Giuseppe , Zaja Francesco , Liliana Devizzi , Musso Maurizio , Didier Blaise , Bachy Emmanuel , Wattad Mohammed , Nicolas‐Virelizier Emmanuelle , Gramatzki Martin , Bourhis Jean‐Henri , Caillot Denis , Haenel Anette , Held Gerhard , Thieblemont Catherine , Jindra Pavel , Pohlreich David , Guilhot François , Kroschinsky Frank , Wahlin Björn , Scheid Christof , Ifrah Norbert , Berthou Christian , Dreger Peter , Montoto Silvia , Conconi Annarita 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe role of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is debatable. This study investigated the outcome and prognostic factors affecting the outcome of patients undergoingASCTforMZL. Eligible patients had non‐transformed nodal, extra‐nodal (MALT) or splenicMZL(SMZL), aged ≥18 years, who underwent a firstASCTbetween1994 and 2013 and were reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi or Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo registries. The study included 199 patients, [111MALTlymphoma, 55 nodalMZL(NMZL) and 33SMZL]. Median age at transplantation was 56 years. The median number of prior therapies was 2 (range 1–8), including rituximab in 71%. 95% had chemosensitive disease. 89% received a chemotherapy‐based high‐dose regimen. There were no significant differences in patient and transplant characteristics between the 3 histological subtypes except for a lower percentage of patients previously treated with rituximab in theMALTsub‐group and more transplants performed in recent years in the other sub‐groups. After a median follow‐up of 5 years, 5‐year cumulative incidence of relapse/progression and non‐relapse mortality were 38% and 9%, respectively. Five‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 53% and 73%, respectively. Five‐year cumulative incidence of second malignancies was 6%. Multivariate analysis revealed age ≥65 years was associated with a shorterEFSandOS. In addition, patients withSMZLhad a shorterOSthan those withMALT.ASCTmay provide clinical benefit inMZLpatients who have failed multiple lines of chemoimmunotherapy.