bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse Epithelial Lymphocytes in Zebrafish Revealed Using a Novel Scale Biopsy Method
Authors: Park Gilseung , Foster Clay A , Malone-Perez Megan , Hasan Ameera , Macias Jose Juan , Frazer J Kimble 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a compelling model for studying lymphocytes because zebrafish and humans have similar adaptive immune systems, including their lymphocytes. Antibodies that recognize zebrafish proteins are sparse, so many investigators use transgenic, lymphocyte-specific fluorophore-labeled lines. Human and zebrafish lymphocyte types are conserved, but many aspects of zebrafish lymphocyte biology remain uninvestigated, including lymphocytes in peripheral tissues, like epidermis. This study is, to our knowledge, the first study to focus on zebrafish epidermal lymphocytes, using scales. Obtaining zebrafish blood via nonlethal methods is difficult; scales represent a source to longitudinally sample live fish. We developed a novel biopsy technique, collecting scales to analyze epithelial lymphocytes from several transgenic lines. We imaged scales via confocal microscopy and demonstrated multiple lymphocyte types in scales/epidermis, quantifying them flow cytometrically. We profiled gene expression of scale, thymic, and kidney-marrow (analogous to mammalian bone marrow) lymphocytes from the same animals, revealing B- and T-lineage signatures. Single-cell quantitative real-time PCR and RNA sequencing show not only canonical B and T cells but also novel lymphocyte populations not described previously. To validate longitudinal scale biopsies, we serially sampled scales from fish treated with dexamethasone, demonstrating epidermal lymphocyte responses. To analyze cells functionally, we employed a bead-ingestion assay, showing that thymic, marrow, and epidermal lymphocytes have phagocytic activity. In summary, we establish a novel, nonlethal technique to obtain zebrafish lymphocytes, providing the first quantification, expression profiling, and functional data from zebrafish epidermal lymphocytes.
Prognostic value of CURB-65 and pneumonia severity index (PSI) in COVID-19 pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jain Pankaj Kumar , Kumar Varun , Bhat Pranav Kumar , Seval Manoj 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To validate a better scoring system between CURB- 65 and the pneumonia severity index (PSI) to predict the need for intensive care unit admission and 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients in a tertiary care hospital in Kota, Rajasthan. Relevant data about history, and general and systemic examination with laboratory investigations was collected. Patients were categorized into different risk groups for ICU admission and 30-day mortality according to CURB-65 and PSI. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve were calculated. Continuous variables, means and percentages were compared using the t-test for numerical data and the Chi-square test for nominal data.

Results:
100 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT- PCR were included; 67 were male and 33 were female. 58 patients had severe disease (SpO2≤90%) and 30 patients died. CURB- 65 had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 for predicting ICU admission, with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 54% for high risk patients. Meanwhile, PSI had an AUC of 0.88, with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 73% in high risk patients. In addition, CURB-65 had an AUC of 0.79 for predicting 30-day mortality, with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 89% in high risk patients. PSI had an AUC of 0.71 for predicting 30-day mortality, with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 46% in high risk patients.

Conclusions:
This single-centre retrospective study involving a cohort of COVID-19 patients demonstrates that CURB-65 and PSI are powerful tools for predicting mortality. However, PSI appears to be slightly better at predicting the need for intensive care unit admission in high-risk patients.
Pearls and Paradigms in the Management of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: A Review
Authors: Chaudhari Isha , Luthra Anshika , Sah Rishabh , Acharya Manisha , Gandhi Arpan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) generally displays a protracted course with significant morbidity. This is partly due to the fact that it is often misdiagnosed as viral or fungal keratitis. It is associated most with contact lens (CL) wear in developed countries, and exposure to soil or unsanitary water in the developing countries. The textbook description of AK includes the presence of ring infiltration, radial keratoneuritis, and disproportionate pain. Of the patients that presented to our tertiary care center, only 40% had a history of CL use, and 33% had a ring infiltrate. Corneal scraping for microbiological culture on non-nutrient agar serves as the gold standard for diagnosis. Corneal biopsy and confocal microscopy hold diagnostic value in deeper lesions, and polymerase chain reaction and newer molecular techniques are emerging as rapid and effective tools. Biguanides are the drug of choice for AK. But it is important to reconstitute these drugs in correct dosages; otherwise, corneal toxicity can take place. The use of corticosteroids in AK is a matter of debate. We have used corticosteroids in cases with persistent keratitis, severe pain, and extra-corneal manifestations under the cover of amoebicidal therapy. Surgical intervention in the acute phase is reserved for advanced AK with limbus encroachment, perforations, or fulminant corneal abscesses. AK is thus a severe, potentially blinding disease, where a prompt diagnosis ensuring the timely commencement of amoebicidal therapy is an essential component of improving the patient’s prognosis. In this article, we have discussed the presentation, challenges in diagnosis and management, and our experience in managing AK.
Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Epibulbar Osseous Choristoma
Authors: Nangia Prabhat , Jeria Sandhya , Subramanian Krishnakumar , Lambat Sarang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Epibulbar osseous choristoma is a rare benign tumor composed of bone tissue. We report a case of a 9-year-old girl who presented with a painless mass on the sclera of her left eye. The patient underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography and computed tomography as part of her preoperative evaluation. The mass was surgically removed, and histopathological examination confirmed it to be an epibulbar osseous choristoma. This case report aims to increase awareness of this rare tumor, highlight its swept-source optical coherence tomography findings and management.
Management of 360° Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis with Cataract in a One-Eyed: A Challenging Scenario
Authors: Singh Manmeet , Banigallapati Shashidhar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss the management of 360° peripheral ulcerative keratitis with cataract in a patient with only one functioning eye. Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a type of crescent-shaped inflammatory damage that occurs in the limbal region of the cornea. PUK is always combined with an epithelial defect and the destruction of the peripheral corneal stroma. This is a case of a 78-year-old male who presented to us with complaints of redness in his right eye for the last year, with similar recurrent episodes on and off for the last 3 weeks. Examination revealed his right eye anterior segment having 360° peripheral ulcerative keratitis with dense brown hard cataract, and the uncorrected visual acuity was finger counting at 3 metres. At this point of the first examination, the eye was inflamed, so we decided to treat this patient in a phased manner. Phase-1 included a planned 360° amniotic membrane grafting when the eye is rendered quiet, followed by cataract extraction for the patient’s rehabilitation. This case demonstrates the approach we should consider in such cases, with a good result of accomplishing both phases and achieving a best-corrected visual acuity of 6/12 with a pinhole of 6/9.
Characterization and Efficacy of Autologous Serum-based Eyedrops for the Treatment of Severe Ocular Surface Disease
Authors: Arthurs Jennifer R. , Miller Darby D. , Stewart Michael W. , Hassoun Shaimaa A. , Heckman Michael G. , Moerer Ryan T. , Shapiro Shane A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chronic dry eye disease (CDED) is a condition of the ocular surface that causes discomfort, visual disturbance, conjunctival injection, and photophobia. A debilitating form of CDED in patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplant results from ocular graft versus host disease (oGVHD). Autologous serum eye drops (ASED) have beneficial effects on the ocular surface. The aim of this study is to compare improvements in symptoms and function in a cohort of CDED patients with ocular GVHD treated with ASED and a cohort of CDED without GVHD (non-GVHD). We additionally report on some of the biologic characteristics of one specific ASED formulation.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 71 patients seen in a multi-specialty ophthalmology practice in a university hospital setting receiving ASEDs underwent ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and visual function questionnaire measurements at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Twenty-four ASED samples were studied for biomarkers.

Results:
Compared to baseline, OSDI scores significantly decreased after 3 and 6 months of ASED treatment in both oGVHD and non-GVHD CDED groups. Additionally, visual function questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) subscales (ocular pain, distance activity, driving, role difficulties, dependency, and mental health) were significantly improved at 3 months and 6 months, and social functioning was improved at 6 months. The majority of patients in both groups had severe disease. Improvements in patient-reported outcomes were greater in the oGHD CDED group than in the non-GVHD CDED group There were no reported complications.

Conclusion:
ASED is safe and effective in patients with CDED due to oGVHD and non-GVHD. Those with oGVHD had greater improvements. These findings potentiate the wider adoption of this therapy in CDED patients and warrant additional studies into the biochemical makeup of ASED.
Current Surgical Options in the Management of Cataract in Keratoconus Patients
Authors: Ling Jennifer Y. M. , Burgos-Blasco Barbara , Moloney Gregory 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An ectatic cornea presents unique challenges at the time of cataract surgery. Keratoconus is the most common corneal ectasia, affecting 2–54.5 per 100,000 people. Cataract surgery in keratoconus often yields suboptimal visual outcomes, with < 50% achieving within +/−0.5D of the desired refractive target in mild–moderate disease and worsening to 0%–18% in severe disease. Improving postsurgical visual outcomes requires a multifaceted approach, starting with modification of risk factors and patient education. Disease progression should be halted prior to any final surgical plan, often requiring the use of corneal crosslinking to create long-term stability in keratometry prior to cataract surgery. Inaccurate keratometry is a common and significant source of postoperative refractive error, and recent developments in keratoconus-specific intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations have attempted to address this. Despite the above strategies, correction of postsurgical refractive error may be done using corrective lenses or IOL-based techniques. Additionally, surgical strategies such as topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy, intrastromal ring segments, or corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segments can be performed pre- or postoperatively to enhance vision. This review seeks to provide an overview of the considerations and available strategies for cataract surgery in patients with keratoconus.
A brief package of tele-sexual counseling based on Islamic emotion-focused therapy versus tele-sexual health education on sexual intimacy in pregnant women: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Masaeli Zahra , Farajkhoda Tahmineh , Khanabadi Mahdi , Khorasani Alireza 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Physical and emotional changes in pregnancy may reduce sexual intimacy. Pregnant women need empowerment through short-term cultural-based interventions regarding sexual intimacy for better expression of sexual beliefs and expectations. Since studies are limited regarding Islamic emotion-focused therapy (IEFT), this study was conducted to compare the effect of tele-sexual counseling (IEFT) versus tele-sexual health education on sexual intimacy in pregnant women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A parallel randomized clinical trial was conducted among 52 pregnant women with gestational age at least 20–24 weeks through convince sampling referred to Amir Social Welfare Clinic, who were randomly assigned into two groups (each group = 26 women). The intervention group received online six weekly IEFT, and the control group participated in online sexual health education. Primary outcome sexual intimacy was measured via Botlani’s sexual intimacy questionnaire at baseline, end of intervention at week 6, and follow-up at week 10. Secondary outcome satisfaction was assessed via a satisfaction scale at weeks 6 and 10 of the intervention. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney, the T-test, the analysis of variance, and repeated measures in SPSS.

RESULTS:
Sexual intimacy was not significantly different between the two groups at baseline. Sexual intimacy was significantly high in the intervention group in weeks 6 (intervention group: 83.12 ± 5.22 versus control group: 70.62 ± 4.42) (P < 0.001) and 10 (intervention group: 84.08 ± 5.03 versus control group: 70.54 ± 4.37) (P < 0.001). Satisfaction in week 6 was 52.38 ± 10.48 in the intervention group versus 42.69 ± 10.98 in the control group (P = 0.001), and at week 10, it was 55.58 ± 10.71 in the intervention group versus 45.12 ± 11.56 in the control group (P = 0.001), with more satisfaction in the intervention group.

CONCLUSION:
Both short-term tele-interventions, IEFT or sexual health, improved sexual intimacy and satisfaction, but Islamic EFT was significantly superior. It seems women need cultural-religious-based interventions such as IEFT to facilitate positive sexual relationship changes, assertiveness in sexual emotion expression, and compassion through the sharing of skills with the husband that can continue individually even after intervention. The study findings can be applied to midwifery education, prenatal care booklets, couple and sex counselors and therapists, and other health care providers.
Balancing your mind and gut: Exploring the influence of sleep and gut health on emotional well-being
Authors: Palve Suchitra , Singh Shradha , Palve Sachin , Lanka Keerthi 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
The relationship between the mind, gut, and sleep is not static and requires proper harmony for optimal emotional health. Recent evidence suggests that gut health is a key player in regulating mental and physical health via bidirectional communication between the brain and gut.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional comparative study was undertaken on 200 participants aged 25-40 years old for two months at a tertiary care hospital. A community-based method was used to select the participants from in and around Pune. The survey was conducted online with the help of a self-designed well-structured detailed questionnaire that included a demographic profile, medical history, history of sleep pattern, gut health status, emotional well-being status about gut and sleep physiology, and lifestyle-related issues and problems was administered to all the study participants.

RESULTS:
A statistically significant correlation was observed between the duration of sleep; and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including heartburn (P=0.03) constipation (P=0.03), bloating (P=0.04), and indigestion (P=0.051). Specific GI symptoms as mentioned above were found to affect the study participants' emotional well-being significantly. Regular physical exercise demonstrated a significant correlation with an increased duration of sleep (P=0.003). Consumption of tobacco, alcohol; smoking, and consumption of stimulants like tea, coffee, and coke showed a significant effect on both the duration and quality of sleep (P=0.004). Gut and sleep disturbances were more common in north Indian subjects as compared to south Indian subjects (P=0.003). The upper socioeconomic population had more GI; sleep and emotional disturbances as compared to the lower socioeconomic study subjects (P=0.002).

CONCLUSION:
The relationship between sleep patterns, emotional well-being gut health is bidirectional. Prioritizing good sleep hygiene, managing stress through mindfulness or relaxation techniques, and maintaining a balanced diet that supports gut health are crucial steps in promoting overall well-being.
The effect of dignity therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sharifmoradi Tahmineh , Yousefi Hojatollah , Atashi Vajihe , Hashemi Narges , Sami Ramin 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Anxiety and depression can prolong the treatment process and impose financial burdens on the health system in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Dignity therapy is one of the methods of eliminating these symptoms. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dignity therapy on the severity of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This clinical trial was conducted on 62 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, referring to the comprehensive respiratory clinic of Khorshid Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) in 2021. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. Each patient of the intervention group underwent dignity therapy for four 45–60-min sessions, whereas no intervention was performed in the control group. Data were collected using demographic information questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), before the intervention and one month after the completion of the intervention in two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) as well as descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and inferential (Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test) statistics.

RESULTS:
The mean score of anxiety of the patients before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.18); but one month after the intervention, it was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P = 0.05). Also, the score of depression was not significantly different between the two groups before (P = 0.68) and one month after the intervention (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Dignity therapy could reduce anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; thus, it could be used as a nonpharmacological, cost-effective and probably without side effects method.
Development of occupational well-being measurement model in the employee of Abadan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Ehsani Farid Elham , Jaafari Azin , Zarrinabadi Zarrin , Erfani Nasrolah 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Given the importance of healthcare centers and the employees of medical centers and affiliated institutions in providing comprehensive health services to the community, especially patients, as well as training the students in health-related fields, it is crucial to address the occupational well-being of university employees who are prone to physical and mental disorders. Therefore, this study aims to develop a model for the occupational well-being of employees at the Abadan University of Medical Sciences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Two hundred Abadan University of Medical Sciences employees were selected using stratified sampling. All the selected participants responded to the Demo and Paschoal Well-being at Work Scale (2016). The model parameters were estimated using partial least squares regression based on the collected data. Afterward, the measurement model of occupational well-being was tested using fit indices. Moreover, data analysis was performed using Smart-PLS software.

RESULT:
The primary results showed that based on the positive correlation indices and t-test results for the factors of occupational well-being, the Demo and Paschoal measurement model had an acceptable fit; moreover, significant internal correlations were observed among the questionnaire items. The composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the factors indicated a high reliability of the occupational well-being measurement model.

CONCLUSION:
The measurement model of occupational well-being was examined, and it is recommended that future researchers employ the current questionnaire to assess occupational well-being.
Implementation and evaluation of the impact of virtual workshops of voluntary educational assistance among occupational health and safety students: Case study, Ardabil, Iran
Authors: Fathi Negin , Afshar Mozhdeh Taheri , Khajehnasiri Farahnaz , Askari Ali , Hosseinpour Robab , Sepehr Parvin , Sahlabadi Ali Salehi , Eshaghzadeh Maliheh , Arbabi Yosef Hamidzadeh , Poursadeghiyan Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
The advancements and growth in information and communication technology have created new paths in the process of teaching and learning, leading to a shift in focus towards the use of electronic resources and digital teaching platforms. This study aimed to examine the impact of virtual workshops as a tool for improving learning among industrial health and safety students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a descriptive-analytical study and was conducted on 104 students of occupational health and safety at the University of Medical Sciences in Ardebil during the course of a year. In this study, five specialized courses were chosen, including the following: “OSCO”, “ESCC”, and “Erg”. “SSM” and “EMS”. In this study, the participants were divided into two groups: participating and non-participating students. The results of their grades in the workshop were compared. The study consisted of two parts, the preparation stage and the evaluation stage, which included the preparation of the workshop, data collection and analysis, and the final stage of evaluation. Then, a list of workshops related to the courses was prepared, and the obtained results were analyzed by SPSS software (Ver. 22).

RESULTS:
The results showed that the correlation between the student’s scores in the cognitive, emotional and psychomotor areas before and after attending the virtual workshops was significant. Variance analysis test showed a significant difference between the scores of the cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor areas, both before and after (P > 0.001) participation in workshops.

CONCLUSION:
This study suggests that additional workshops, in parallel with classroom training, are an effective tool in raising student academic performance, as the students who participated gained better grades than those who did not participate in the courses. Therefore, it is possible to enhance student academic levels by increasing the number of workshops in addition to course unit.