bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subduction initiation and back-arc opening north of Neo-Tethys: Evidence from the Late Cretaceous Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolite of NE Iran
Authors: Moghadam Hadi Shafaii , Stern R.J. , Griffin W.L. , Khedr M.Z. , Kirchenbaur M. , Ottley C.J. , Whattam S.A. , Kimura J.-I. , Ghorbani G. , Gain S. , O’Reilly S.Y. , Tamura A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
How new subduction zones form is an ongoing scientific question with key implications for our understanding of how this process influences the behavior of the overriding plate. Here we focus on the effects of a Late Cretaceous subduction-initiation (SI) event in Iran and show how SI caused enough extension to open a back-arc basin in NE Iran. The Late Cretaceous Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolite (THO) is well exposed as part of the Sabzevar-Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolite belt. It is dominated by mantle peridotite, with a thin crustal sequence. The THO mantle sequence consists of harzburgite, clinopyroxene-harzburgite, plagioclase lherzolite, impregnated lherzolite, and dunite. Spinel in THO mantle peridotites show variable Cr# (10–63), similar to both abyssal and fore-arc peridotites. The igneous rocks (gabbros and dikes intruding mantle peridotite, pillowed and massive lavas, amphibole gabbros, plagiogranites and associated diorites, and diabase dikes) display rare earth element patterns similar to MORB, arc tholeiite and back-arc basin basalt. Zircons from six samples, including plagiogranites and dikes within mantle peridotite, yield U-Pb ages of ca. 99–92 Ma, indicating that the THO formed during the Late Cretaceous and was magmatically active for ∼7 m.y. THO igneous rocks have variable εNd(t) of +5.7 to +8.2 and εHf(t) ranging from +14.9 to +21.5; zircons have εHf(t) of +8.1 to +18.5. These isotopic compositions indicate that the THO rocks were derived from an isotopically depleted mantle source similar to that of the Indian Ocean, which was slightly affected by the recycling of subducted sediments. We conclude that the THO and other Sabzevar-Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolites formed in a back-arc basin well to the north of the Late Cretaceous fore-arc, now represented by the Zagros ophiolites, testifying that a broad region of Iran was affected by upper-plate extension accompanying Late Cretaceous subduction initiation.
Rapid clay precipitation in explosion-induced fractures
Authors: Swanson Erika , Sussman Aviva , Wilson Jennifer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fractures within the earth control rock strength and fluid flow, but their dynamic nature is not well understood. As part of a series of underground chemical explosions in granite in Nevada, we collected and analyzed microfracture density data sets prior to, and following, individual explosions. Our work shows an ∼4-fold increase in both open and filled microfractures following the explosions. Based on the timing of core retrieval, filling of some new fractures occurs in as little as 6 wk after fracture opening under shallow (<100 m) crustal conditions. These results suggest that near-surface fractures may fill quite rapidly, potentially changing permeability on time scales relevant to oil, gas, and geothermal energy production; carbon sequestration; seismic cycles; and radionuclide migration from nuclear waste storage and underground nuclear explosions.
The changing temporal association between caesarean birth and neonatal death in Ethiopia: secondary analysis of nationally representative surveys
Authors: Yisma Engida , Mol Ben W , Lynch John W , Smithers Lisa G 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the changing temporal association between caesarean birth and neonatal death within the context of Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016.DesignSecondary analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingAll administrative regions of Ethiopia with surveys conducted in 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years with a live birth during the 5 years preceding the survey.Main outcome measuresWe analysed the association between caesarean birth and neonatal death using log-Poisson regression models for each survey adjusted for potential confounders. We then applied the ‘Three Delays Model’ to 2016 survey to provide an interpretation of the association between caesarean birth and neonatal death in Ethiopia.ResultsThe adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for neonatal death among neonates born via caesarean section versus vaginal birth increased over time, from 0.95 (95% CI: 0.29 to 3.19) in 2000 to 2.81 (95% CI: 1.11 to 7.13) in 2016. The association between caesarean birth and neonatal death was stronger among rural women (aPR (95% CI) 3.43 (1.22 to 9.67)) and among women from the lowest quintile of household wealth (aPR (95% CI) 7.01 (0.92 to 53.36)) in 2016. Aggregate-level analysis revealed that an increased caesarean section rates were correlated with a decreased proportion of neonatal deaths.ConclusionsA naïve interpretation of the changing temporal association between caesarean birth and neonatal death from 2000 to 2016 is that caesarean section is increasingly associated with neonatal death. However, the changing temporal association reflects improvements in health service coverage and secular shifts in the characteristics of Ethiopian women undergoing caesarean section after complicated labour or severe foetal compromise.
Association between soft drinks consumption and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Zalabani Abdulmohsen Hamdan , Noor Elahi Ibrahim , Katib Abdullah , Alamri Abdulmajeed G , Halawani Abdulrahman , Alsindi Nasser M , Almatrafi Mohammed , Wesselius Anke , Stewart Kelly F J 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo carry out meta-analysis and systematic review on the association between soft drinks consumption and asthma prevalence among adults and children.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational research.Data sourcesMedline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched up to December 2018.Eligibility criteriaWe included observational studies investigating the association between soft drinks consumption (including maternal consumption during pregnancy) and asthma or wheeze.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted by one author and reviewed independently by two other authors. The most adjusted estimate from each original study was used in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects model. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and heterogeneity was evaluated using I2statistic.ResultsOf 725 publications originally identified, 19 were included in this systematic review, including 3 cohort studies and 16 cross-sectional studies. Ten articles reported on children up to 18 years, 5 articles on adults (>18 years) and 2 articles on prenatal exposure. In total, 468 836 participants were included, with more than 50 000 asthma cases. Soft drinks consumption was associated with significantly increased odds of asthma in both adults (OR=1.37; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.52) and children (OR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.21). Prenatal exposure had marginally statistically significant association (OR=1.11; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.23) with asthma in children. In subgroup analysis for childhood exposure, the association persists for sugar-sweetened soft drinks but not for carbonated drinks.ConclusionOur findings show a positive association between soft drinks consumption and asthma prevalence, mostly from cross-sectional studies. Therefore, more longitudinal research is required to establish causality.
Process-evaluation and outcome-evaluation of a training programme for healthcare professionals in oncology to enhance their competencies in caring for patients with minor children: a study protocol for a randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Inhestern Laura , Frerichs Wiebke , Johannsen Lene Marie , Bergelt Corinna 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionPatients with cancer having minor children experience particular burden and strains. Being patient and parent at the same time is associated with specific needs of support. Therefore, the communication of child-related and family-related issues plays an important role in patient care. This study aims at testing the feasibility of a training to improve the situation of patients with cancer having minor children and their families by enhancing the competencies of healthcare professionals (HCPs, eg, physicians, nurses, psychologists) in caring for patients with cancer having minor children. Moreover, the study aims at testing the study design and outcomes of the evaluation concept and preliminary effects of the training.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a randomised controlled pilot trial with three arms (face-to-face training versus web-based training versus waitlist control group) to investigate the study aims. Primary outcome will be the competency to approach child-related and family-related topics in patients with cancer measured using comprehensive case vignettes. Secondary outcomes will be communication and attitudes regarding child-related and family-related topics and self-efficacy in clinical communication skills. Outcomes will be assessed prior to the training and after the training as well as 3 months after the training. Data will be analysed using descriptive analyses, group comparisons and linear mixed models.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Local Psychological Ethics Committee of the Center for Psychosocial Medicine of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (LPEK-001). At the end of the study, a web-based training and a face-to-face training intervention to enhance the competencies of HCPs in caring for patients with cancer having minor children will have been systematically developed and the study design and evaluation concept will have been evaluated. The results of the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberDRKS00015794.
No hair theorem for massless scalar fields outside asymptotically flat horizonless reflecting compact stars
Authors: Peng Yan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In a recent paper, Hod started a study on no scalar hair theorem for asymptotically flat spherically symmetric neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars. In fact, Hod’s approach only rules out massive scalar fields. In the present paper, for massless scalar fields outside neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars, we provide a rigorous mathematical proof on no hair theorem. We show that asymptotically flat spherically symmetric neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars cannot support exterior massless scalar field hairs.
When is the idealization R⋉M an 𝒜-ring?
Authors: Bouchiba Samir , El-Arabi Mouhssine , Khaloui Mostafa 
Published: October 2019

We present an answer to a problem raised by Anderson and Chun in [D. D. Anderson and S. Chun, Annihilator conditions on modules over commutative rings, J. Algebra Appl. 16(7) (2017) 1750143] on characterizing when the idealization [Formula: see text] of a ring [Formula: see text] on an [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-ring (respectively, an [Formula: see text]-ring) in terms of module-theoretic properties of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Also, we are concerned with an open question asked by these two authors which reads the following: What modules over a given ring [Formula: see text] are homomorphic images of modules satisfying the strong Property [Formula: see text]? (see, Question 4.4(1) in the above mentioned paper). This paper highly contributes to answer such a question.
Fast Exact Computation of Isocontours in Road Networks
Authors: Baum Moritz , Buchhold Valentin , Dibbelt Julian , Wagner Dorothea 
Published: October 2019

We study the problem of computing isocontours in static and dynamic road networks, where the objective is to identify the boundary of the region that is reachable from a given source within a certain amount of time (or another limited resource). Although there is a wide range of practical applications for this problem (e.g., urban planning, geomarketing, visualizing the cruising range of a vehicle), there has been little research on fast algorithms for large, realistic inputs, and existing approaches tend to compute more information than necessary. Our contribution is twofold: (1) We propose compact but sufficient definitions of isocontours, based on which (2) we provide several easy-to-parallelize, scalable algorithmic approaches for faster computation. By extensive experimental analysis, we demonstrate that our techniques enable interactive isocontour computation within milliseconds even on continental networks, significantly faster than the state of the art.
Pensar a cidade é pensar o país. Francisco de Oliveira - um biógrafo não autorizado do Brasil
Authors: Rizek Cibele Saliba 
Published: October 2019

Certa tarde, no Centro de Estudos dos Direitos da Cidadania, o Governo brasileiro produziu uma polarização interessante: de um lado os “otimistas”, de outro os “pessimistas” capitaneados por Chico de Oliveira, esse biógrafo não autorizado do Brasil. Já no final do impasse, que aliás não se resolveu, Chico – naquele momento ainda marcado pelas idas e vindas do lulismo – me disse: “Querida, você sabe o que é um otimista? Um pessimista mal informado”.
Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Morbidly Obese Patients Following Bariatric Surgery Compared With a Nonobese Cohort
Authors: Donnellan Eoin , Wazni Oussama , Kanj Mohamed , Hussein Ayman , Baranowski Bryan , Lindsay Bruce , Aminian Ali , Jaber Wael , Schauer Philip , Saliba Walid 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Morbid obesity is associated with unacceptable high recurrence rates following atrial fibrillation ablation. The role of risk-factor modification including weight loss and improved glycemic control in reducing arrhythmia recurrence following ablation has been highlighted in recent years. In this study, we compared arrhythmia recurrence rates in morbidly obese patients who underwent prior bariatric surgery (BS) with those of nonobese patients following atrial fibrillation ablation in addition to morbidly obese patients who did not undergo BS.

Methods:

This was a single-center observational cohort study. We matched 51 morbidly obese patients [body mass index ≥40 kg/m
2
] who had undergone prior BS in a 2:1 manner with 102 nonobese patients and 102 morbidly obese patients without prior BS on the basis of age, sex, and timing of atrial fibrillation ablation. Our primary outcome of interest was arrhythmia recurrence.

Results:

From the time of BS to ablation, BS was associated with a significant reduction in body mass index (47.6±9.3 to 36.7±7;
P
<0.0001), glycated hemoglobin (6.7±1.5 to 5.8±0.6;
P
<0.0001), and systolic blood pressure (145±13 to 118±11;
P
<0.0001). During a mean follow-up of 29±13 months following ablation, recurrent arrhythmia occurred in 10/51 (20%) patients in the BS group compared with 25/102 (24.5%) patients in the nonobese group and 56 (55%) patients in the non-BS morbidly obese group (
P
<0.0001). No procedural complications were observed in the BS group.

Conclusions:
Bariatric surgery is associated with a reduction in arrhythmia recurrence following atrial fibrillation ablation in morbidly obese patients to those of nonobese patients. Morbidly obese patients should be considered for BS before atrial fibrillation ablation.
Primary closure with knotless barbed suture versus traditional T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: a single-center medium-term experience
Authors: Zhou Huijiang , Wang Shuai , Fan Fuxiang , Peng Jingfeng 
Published: October 2019

Objective Primary closure of the common bile duct (CBD) after laparoscopic CBD exploration (LCBDE) is a technical challenge. The present study was performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this surgical method. Methods This retrospective study of surgical efficacy and safety involved 79 patients who underwent primary CBD closure with a knotless unidirectional barbed suture or traditional T-tube drainage after LCBDE for CBD stones. Results The average suturing time, operation time, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the primary closure group than T-tube group. There were no significant differences in the mean diameter of the CBD, number of stones, or incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. No patients developed recurrence of CBD stones during the median follow-up of 21.5 months. Conclusions After LCBDE and intraoperative choledochoscopy, primary closure with knotless unidirectional barbed sutures is a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with cholelithiasis and concurrent CBD stones. This is especially true when the CBD is dilated more than 8 mm.
Safe rates and unpaid labour: Non-driving pay and truck driver work hours
Authors: Kudo Takahiko , Belzer Michael H 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the trucking industry, truck drivers’ duties include not only driving trucks but also non-driving labor. However, non-driving work is not necessarily paid. This article analyses how the payment for non-driving duties (non-driving pay) affects truck drivers’ work hours. Using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Long-Haul Truck Driver survey, the study finds that remunerating drivers for non-driving duties decreases drivers’ work hours. Drivers who are paid for their non-driving labor may reach their target earnings in fewer work hours, leading them to refrain from working extremely long hours and more willingly comply with working time regulations. The policy implication is that paying for non-driving labor can prevent drivers from working excessively long hours, mitigating fatigue, and consequent accidents. Thus, pay for non-driving labor may enhance their safety and health.
2019 AAFP Feline Zoonoses Guidelines
Authors: Lappin Michael R , Elston Tom , Evans Lisanne , Glaser Carol , Jarboe Lorraine , Karczmar Peter , Lund Cathy , Ray Michael 
Published: October 2019

Aim: The overarching purpose of the 2019 AAFP Feline Zoonoses Guidelines (hereafter referred to as the ‘Guidelines’) is to provide accurate information about feline zoonotic diseases to owners, physicians and veterinarians to allow logical decisions to be made concerning cat ownership. Scope and accessibility: The Panelists are physicians and veterinarians who worked closely together in an attempt to make these Guidelines a document that can be used to support the International One Health movement. This version of the Guidelines builds upon the first feline zoonosis panel report, published in 2003 ( catvets.com/guidelines ), and provides an updated reference list and recommendations. Each of the recommendations received full support from every Panelist. Primary recommendations are highlighted in a series of ‘Panelists’ advice’ boxes.
Effects of Intraperitoneal and Intrathecal Morphine Analgesia on the Expression of μ-Opioid Receptors in Bone Cancer Pain Rats
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Heqi , Zhang Zongde , Huang Jiapeng 
Published: October 2019

Backgrounds: This study compared analgesic effects and μ-opioid receptor expression levels during long-term intraperitoneal and intrathecal treatment in a bone cancer pain rat. Methods: Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected Walker 256 tumor cells into the femur to create a bone cancer pain model. The control group was injected with saline intraperitoneally and intrathecally. The intraperitoneal group was injected with morphine intraperitoneally and saline intrathecally. The intrathecal group was injected saline intraperitoneally and morphine intrathecally. Changes in pain threshold, μ-opioid receptor expression levels in spinal cord, and tumor tissue were compared between 3 groups. Results: The intrathecal morphine group and the intraperitoneal group showed no difference in analgesia effects ( P > .05). Western blot and immunohistochemical staining of μ-opioid receptors demonstrated that its level in the intrathecal group was significantly lower than the intraperitoneal group ( P < .05) and without significant difference with the control group ( P > .05). The expression levels of μ-opioid receptor in the spinal cord tissue did not reveal a difference among these 3 groups ( P > .05). Conclusion: Intrathecal group and intraperitoneal group showed significant difference in μ-opioid receptor expressions although with no difference in analgesia effects. Long-term intrathecal morphine administration provided similar analgesia compared to systemic morphine.
Anatomical Variants of the Infraorbital Canal: Implications for the Prelacrimal Approach to the Orbital Floor
Authors: Li Lifeng , London Nyall R. , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe infraorbital nerve (ION) and its canal are important landmarks during surgical approaches to the orbital floor and pterygopalatine fossa. However, variations in the anatomy of the infraorbital canal and its corresponding neurovascular bundle may impact the access.ObjectiveTo investigate anatomic variants of the infraorbital canal from a prelacrimal endoscopic perspective and to explore the impact of these variants on exposing the lateral orbital floor.MethodsTen cadaveric specimens (20 sides) were dissected through an endonasal prelacrimal approach. Anatomic variants of the ION including location, branching pattern, and relationship to the infraorbital artery were assessed. The need for ION transposition to increase exposure of the lateral orbital floor was also investigated.ResultsIncidence of previously described Types 1, 2, and 3 ION variants were 30.0%, 60.0%, and 10.0%, respectively. Although the orbital floor could be directly accessed in Type 1 and Type 3 IONs, transposition of the ION was necessary to expose the lateral orbital floor in 5 of 12 sides (42%) for Type 2 ION. Bony dehiscence of the orbital floor was identified in 8 of 20 sides (40%) and branching of the ION in 2 of 20 sides (10%).ConclusionAnatomic variations of the infraorbital canal impact surgical exposure of the orbital floor via a prelacrimal approach. Type 1 and Type 3 ION variants allow a direct exposure of the entire orbital floor. A Type 2 ION may require transposition of the nerve to adequately expose the lateral orbital floor.