bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Phenotype of Prehypertrophic Fabry Disease
Authors: Nordin Sabrina , Kozor Rebecca , Baig Shanat , Abdel-Gadir Amna , Medina-Menacho Katia , Rosmini Stefania , Captur Gabriella , Tchan Michel , Geberhiwot Tarekegn , Murphy Elaine , Lachmann Robin , Ramaswami Uma , Edwards Nicola C. , Hughes Derralynn , Steeds Richard P. , Moon James C. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Fabry disease (FD) is a rare and treatable X-linked lysosomal storage disorder. Cardiac involvement determines outcomes; therefore, detecting early changes is important. Native T1 by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is low, reflecting sphingolipid storage. Early phenotype development is familiar in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but unexplored in FD. We explored the prehypertrophic cardiac phenotype of FD and the role of storage.

Methods and Results:

A prospective, international multicenter observational study of 100 left ventricular hypertrophy–negative FD patients (mean age: 39±15 years; 19% male) and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (mean age: 40±14 years; 25% male) who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance, including native T1 and late gadolinium enhancement, and 12-lead ECG. In FD, 41% had a low native T1 using a single septal region of interest, but this increased to 59% using a second slice because early native T1 lowering was patchy. ECG abnormalities were present in 41% and twice as common with low native T1 (53% versus 24%;
P
=0.005). When native T1 was low, left ventricular maximum wall thickness, indexed mass, and ejection fraction were higher (maximum wall thickness 9±1.5 versus 8±1.4 mm,
P
<0.005; indexed left ventricular mass 63±10 versus 58±9 g/m
2
,
P
<0.05; and left ventricular ejection fraction 73±8% versus 69±7%,
P
<0.01). Late gadolinium enhancement was more likely when native T1 was low (27% versus 6%;
P
=0.01). FD had higher maximal apical fractal dimensions compared with healthy volunteers (1.27±0.06 versus 1.24±0.04;
P
<0.005) and longer anterior mitral valve leaflets (23±2 mm versus 21±3 mm;
P
<0.005).

Conclusions:
There is a detectable prehypertrophic phenotype in FD consisting of storage (low native T1), structural, functional, and ECG changes.
Exploring the Healthcare Value of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Alyesh Daniel M. , Seth Milan , Miller David C. , Dupree James M. , Syrjamaki John , Sukul Devraj , Dixon Simon , Kerr Eve A. , Gurm Hitinder S. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Assessments of healthcare value have largely focused on measuring outcomes of care at a given level of cost with less attention paid to appropriateness. However, understanding how appropriateness relates to outcomes and costs is essential to determining healthcare value.

Methods AND RESULTS:
In a retrospective cohort study design, administrative data from fee-for-service Medicare patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Michigan hospitals between June 30, 2010, and December 31, 2014, were linked with clinical data from a statewide PCI registry to calculate hospital-level measures of (1) appropriate use criteria scores, (2) 90-day risk-standardized readmission and mortality rates, and (3) 90-day risk-standardized episode costs. We then used Spearman correlation coefficients to assess the relationship between these measures. A total of 29 839 PCIs were performed at 33 PCI hospitals during the study period. A total of 13.3% were for ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, 25.0% for non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, 47.1% for unstable angina, 9.8% for stable angina, and 4.7% for other. The overall hospital-level mean appropriate use criteria score was 8.4±0.2. Ninety-day risk-standardized readmission occurred in 23.7%±3.7% of cases, 90-day risk-standardized mortality in 4.3%±0.6%, and mean risk-standardized episode costs were $26 159±$1074. Hospital-level appropriate use criteria scores did not correlate with 90-day readmission, mortality, or episode costs.

Conclusions:
Among Medicare patients undergoing PCI in Michigan, we found hospital-level appropriate use criteria scores did not correlate with 90-day readmission, mortality, or episode costs. This finding suggests that a comprehensive understanding of healthcare value requires multidimensional consideration of appropriateness, outcomes, and costs.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness (Peak Oxygen Uptake): Safe and Effective Measure for Cardiovascular Screening Before Kidney Transplant
Authors: Chakkera Harini A. , Angadi Siddhartha S. , Heilman Raymond L. , Kaplan Bruce , Scott Robert L. , Bollempalli Harini , Cha Stephen S. , Khamash Hasan A. , Huskey Janna L. , Mour Girish K. , Sukumaran Nair Sumi , Singer Andrew L. , Reddy Kunam S. , Mathur Amit K. , Moss Adyr A. , Hewitt Winston R. , Qaqish Ibrahim , Behmen Senaida , Keddis Mira T. , Unzek Samuel , Steidley D. Eric 
Published: May 2018

Background

Significant heterogeneity exists in practice patterns and algorithms used for cardiac screening before kidney transplant. Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO
2peak
), is an established validated predictor of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in both healthy and diseased populations. The literature supports its use among asymptomatic patients in abrogating the need for further cardiac testing.

Methods and Results

We outlined a pre–renal transplant screening algorithm to incorporate
VO
2peak
testing among a population of asymptomatic high‐risk patients (with diabetes mellitus and/or >50 years of age). Only those with
VO
2peak
<17 mL/kg per minute (equivalent to <5 metabolic equivalents) underwent further noninvasive cardiac screening tests. We conducted a retrospective study of the
a priori
dichotomization of the
VO
2peak
<17 versus ≥17 mL/kg per minute to determine negative and positive predictive value of future cardiac events and all‐cause mortality. We report a high (>90%) negative predictive value, indicating that
VO
2peak
≥17 mL/kg per minute is effective to rule out future cardiac events and all‐cause mortality. However, lower
VO
2peak
had low positive predictive value and should not be used as a reliable metric to predict future cardiac events and/or mortality. In addition, a simple mathematical calculation documented a cost savings of ≈$272 600 in the cardiac screening among our study cohort of 637 patients undergoing evaluation for kidney and/or pancreas transplant.

Conclusions

We conclude that incorporating an objective measure of cardiorespiratory fitness with
VO
2peak
is safe and allows for a cost savings in the cardiovascular screening protocol among higher‐risk phenotype (with diabetes mellitus and >50 years of age) being evaluated for kidney transplant.
Redescription of Bursaphelenchus eucarpus Rühm, 1956 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) associated with the apple bark beetle, Scolytus mali Bechstein, and the shothole borer, S. rugulosus Müller
Authors: Gu Jianfeng , Tomalak Marek , Braasch Helen , Fang Yiwu 
Published: May 2018

Summary
New morphological, molecular and bionomic data are added to update the description of Bursaphelenchus eucarpus. The nematode was isolated from larval galleries and adults of the apple bark beetle, Scolytus mali, and the shothole borer, S. rugulosus, present under the bark of the bird cherry, Prunus padus, and the common European plum, P. domestica, in Poland. Detailed male, female and dispersal juvenile morphology and morphometrics are documented and compared with the original description. From partial 18S, ITS1/2 and partial 28S D2-D3 sequences and morphological features (three lateral lines, position of caudal papillae, shape of the delicate spicules with dorsally bent condylus, lack of vulval flap, a long post-uterine branch and a hyaline region at the female tail tip) it can be concluded that B. eucarpus belongs to the eremus group of Bursaphelenchus. The differentiation from related species of the eremus group is discussed.
Translingual Events
Authors: Helgesson Stefan , Kullberg Christina 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article outlines a theory of world literary reading that takes language and the making of boundaries between languages as its point of departure. A consequence of our discussion is that world literature can be explored as uneven translingual events that make linguistic tensions manifest either at the micro level of the individual text or at the macro level of publication and circulation—or both. Two case studies exemplify this. The first concerns an episode in the institutionalization of Shakespeare as a global canonical figure in 1916, with a specific focus on the South African writer Sol Plaatje’s Setswana contribution to A Book of Homage to Shakespeare. The second case discusses how Edwidge Danticat’s novel The Farming of Bones (1998) evokes the bodily and affective charge of boundary-making by troubling the border between Haitian and Dominican speech.
Translating a Translingual Tongue
Authors: Robinson Douglas 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper examines Chantal Wright’s “experimental” English translation of Yoko Tawada’s “Porträt einer Zunge” as Portrait of a Tongue in terms of the interplay between translinguality and translationality, especially in terms of what Deleuze and Guattari call “majoritizing” and “minoritizing” impulses in literature, and what David Damrosch calls “hypercanonization” and “countercanonization.” The goal is to explore not so much whether Tawada gains or loses in Wright’s translation, as whether any gains in translation tend to transmajoritize and so to hypercanonize her or to transminoritize and so to countercanonize her.
On the Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone and Trough Interactions
Authors: Komaromi William A. , Doyle James D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The interaction between a tropical cyclone (TC) and an upper-level trough is simulated in an idealized framework using Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) for Tropical Cyclones (COAMPS-TC) on a β plane. We explore the effect of the trough on the environment, structure, and intensity of the TC. In a simulation that does not have a trough, environmental inertial stability is dominated by Coriolis, and outflow remains preferentially directed equatorward throughout the simulation. In the presence of a trough, negative storm-relative tangential wind in the base of the trough reduces the inertial stability such that the outflow shifts from equatorward to poleward. This interaction results in a ~24-h period of enhanced upper-level divergence coincident with intensification of the TC. Sensitivity tests reveal that if the TC is too far from the trough, favorable interaction does not occur. If the TC is too close to the trough, the storm weakens because of enhanced vertical wind shear. Only when the relative distance between the TC and the trough is 0.2–0.3 times the wavelength of the trough in x and 0.8–1.2 times the amplitude of the trough in y does favorable interaction and TC intensification occur. However, stochastic effects make it difficult to isolate the intensity change associated directly with the trough interaction. Outflow is found to be predominantly ageostrophic at small radii and deflects to the right (in the Northern Hemisphere) since it is unbalanced. The outflow becomes predominantly geostrophic at larger radii but not before a rightward deflection has already occurred. This finding sheds light on why the outflow accelerates toward but generally never reaches the region of lowest inertial stability.
A New Look at the Identification of Low-Level Jets in South America
Authors: Oliveira Maurício I. , Nascimento Ernani L. , Kannenberg Carolina 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Criteria currently employed in algorithms that identify low-level jets (LLJs) in South America utilizing rawinsonde and gridded model data fail to detect an important number of LLJ events. This study discusses shortcomings in the existing approaches for LLJ identification in South America and proposes modifications to the criteria regarding layer depth for LLJ identification and wind direction. Episodes of southerly LLJs, which have received less attention in the La Plata basin, are also included in the investigation. A sensitivity analysis of LLJ detection in South America upon the choice of the criteria applied to a sample period of 15 years (1996–2010) of gridded numerical data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and to a 20-yr dataset (1996–2015) of actual rawinsondes for the La Plata basin, reveals the benefits of revising the criteria. The modified criteria allow for the characterization of a wider spectrum of LLJs over key regions of South America, such as over the Bolivian–Paraguayan border, Sierras de Córdoba in Argentina, and southern-southeastern Brazil. This wider range of events includes elevated LLJs, mostly with strong zonal components, that account for approximately 20% of the full sample of LLJs identified in the rawinsonde dataset investigated here. The revised criteria have the advantage of retaining the identification of episodes that meet the consecrated definition of the South American LLJ, while at the same time providing an augmented sample of such wind systems. Our results provide further insights into the forcing mechanisms of distinct types of LLJs in South America, ranging from topographic to baroclinic effects.
High-performance liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of endogenous cortisol and cortisone in human urine: comparison of mass spectrometry and fluorescence detection
Authors: Kosicka Katarzyna , Siemiątkowska Anna , Szpera-Goździewicz Agata , Krzyścin Mariola , Bręborowicz Grzegorz , Główka Franciszek 
Published: May 2018

Background The analysis of steroids in biological matrices is challenging. One can apply immunoassay as well as gas and liquid chromatography with various types of detection, depending on the available equipment and the experience of the analyst. The question is how the methods are interchangeable between themselves. Doubts were reported having compared immunoassays and chromatography-mass spectrometry, but there are scarce data on chromatographic methods with detection types other than mass spectrometry. Methods Here, we present the detailed comparison of two liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of free urinary cortisol and cortisone: one with fluorescence detection (high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC-FLD]) and the other with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The comparison was made with 199 human urine samples. The data analysis included Passing–Bablok and Deming regression, Bland–Altman test, Wilcoxon test, mountain plot and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient. Results The validation data indicated that both methods met the requirements of the European Medicines Agency. However, the statistical analysis revealed the systematic bias between the two assays. The Passing–Bablok and the Deming tests showed that the HPLC-FLD method overestimated results for cortisol and underestimated measurements for cortisone. The Bland–Altman analysis estimated the mean differences between the methods: 18.8 nmol/L for cortisol and −16.9 nmol/L for cortisone measurement. Conclusions Both methods’ results led to the same conclusion in observational studies, but the techniques are not interchangeable. The literature data, the observations from the clinical setting and our experience clearly indicate that the future of steroid measurements will belong to chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.
Analysis of photovoltaic arrays efficiency for reduction of building cooling load in hot climates
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Awan Ahmed Bilal , RP Praveen 
Published: May 2018

This research work presents shading of building in hot and dry climate areas using rooftop photovoltaic arrays. Electrical power generation using photovoltaic arrays helps in reducing dependency on the utility grid. Areas with high intensities of solar radiation for a longer duration of time create high daily temperature. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) falls in high temperature and very low humidity climate zone. KSA has increased electricity tariff rates by 260% since 1 January 2018, has planned goals of generation of 9.5 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2030, and has ideas of constructing a self-sustainable city by the Red Sea. Energy analysis performed in this research is to calculate benefits of placing photovoltaic arrays on a rooftop of Buildings. These benefits include the electrical energy production and reduction of building cooling load by shading effect on a rooftop. By placing photovoltaic arrays on rooftop, up to 23% energy saving of cooling load can be achieved. The net annual output of photovoltaic generation per panel is discussed by adding energy generation and saving in cooling load of the building. The distance between the photovoltaic arrays is optimized for maximum benefits of electrical energy and saving in cooling loads. Practical application: Photovoltaic arrays on rooftops for shading effect have practical benefits of energy savings in hot environment areas where high solar irradiance heat up the buildings. Photovoltaic arrays provide shading and energy generations which is a step towards zero energy buildings.
Experimental analysis and performance optimization of a counter-flow enthalpy recovery device using liquid desiccant
Authors: Liu Xiaochen , Liu Xiaohua , Zhang Tao , Xie Ying 
Published: May 2018

The liquid desiccant enthalpy recovery is an efficient way to save energy in air-conditioning systems. In this study, a counter-flow liquid desiccant enthalpy recovery device was proposed and experimentally analyzed. Enthalpy transfer capacity, enthalpy efficiency and pressure drop per height of packing were used as indices to describe its performances. Based on the experiment results, the heat and mass transfer model of a packed tower was used to simulate and optimize the performance of this device. The maximum enthalpy efficiency and enthalpy transfer capacity were achieved when the optimal air velocity (1.9–2.1 m/s in this study) maintained to be slightly below the air velocity at the loading point and the thermal capacity ratio of air to desiccant ( m*) equaled to 1. These conclusions are valuable to both design and operation of such an enthalpy recovery device. Practical application: A counter-flow enthalpy recovery device with liquid desiccant was proposed and experimentally investigated. Based on the experiment results, a numerical model for this device was built and validated. The optimal air and desiccant mass fluxes were analyzed to maximize the enthalpy efficiency of this device, which could be higher than the conventional device with cross-flow pattern. These results could provide guidelines for both design and operation management of counter-flow enthalpy recovery devices in liquid desiccant-based air-conditioning systems.
Explaining the Impact of Formal Institutions on Social Trust: A Psychological Approach
Authors: Tamilina Larysa , Tamilina Natalya 
Published: May 2018

By drawing on psychological models of action choice, this study distinguishes between four key factors that determine trust building: (a) knowledge to trust, (b) others-regarding, (c) cognition and (d) contexts. These four factors are combined into a single analytical framework that is used for establishing channels through which the institutional context impacts social trust formation. Our theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that context is the strongest determinant of trust, with its overall effect being, however, modified by the degree to which the individual’s knowledge of trusting, cognition and others-regarding is developed. The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) data from the year 2012 are utilized for testing our propositions. JEL: D02, D03, Z10, Z13
Evaluation of direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in mesenteric venous thrombosis
Authors: Salim Saman , Ekberg Olle , Elf Johan , Zarrouk Moncef , Gottsäter Anders , Acosta Stefan 
Published: May 2018

Background/aim Mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare lethal disease. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in mesenteric venous thrombosis patients. Methods Retrospective study of 102 mesenteric venous thrombosis patients treated between 2004 and 2017 at a center with a conservative medical first approach. Median clinical follow-up was 4 years. Results Computed tomography showed successful recanalization of thrombosis in 71% of patients on vitamin K antagonists and 69% of patients on direct oral anticoagulants ( p = 0.88). Overall major and esophageal variceal bleeding rate was 14.7% and 2.9%, respectively. No difference in major bleeding ( p = 0.54) was found between vitamin K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants. No mesenteric venous thrombosis recurrence occurred during follow-up, and one venous thromboembolism occurred after cessation of anticoagulation. Conclusion Anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists was efficient in patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis. Bleeding complications was a concern during treatment in both groups.
A randomized Phase 2 study to evaluate the orexin-2 receptor antagonist seltorexant in individuals with insomnia without psychiatric comorbidity
Authors: De Boer Peter , Drevets Wayne C , Rofael Hany , van der Ark Peter , Kent Justine M , Kezic Iva , Parapatics Silvia , Dorffner Georg , van Gerven Joop , Beneš Heike , Keicher Christian , Jahn Holger , Seiden David J , Luthringer Remy 
Published: May 2018

Background: Seltorexant is a potent and selective antagonist of the orexin-2 receptor that is being developed for the treatment of insomnia and major depressive disorder. Aims: The primary objective was to investigate the effect of seltorexant on sleep efficiency after single and multiple dose administration in subjects with insomnia disorder without psychiatric comorbidity. Secondary objectives included evaluation of total sleep time, latency to persistent sleep, and wake after sleep onset. Subjects received 40 mg of seltorexant for five days during Period 1 and placebo during Period 2 or vice versa in this randomized, two-way crossover study. Objective sleep parameters were evaluated by polysomnography over 8 h on Day 1/2 (single dose) and on Day 5/6 (multiple doses). Subjective sleep parameters were assessed by questionnaires. Results: Twenty-seven subjects completed the study. The mean changes in sleep efficiency (% (SD)) of seltorexant from placebo at Day 1/2 were 5.8 (9.2), and 7.9 (9.8) at Day 5/6 ( p < 0.001 at both time points); in total sleep time (min (SD)) 27.7 (44.3) and 37.9 (47.1), respectively; in latency to persistent sleep (min (SD)) −18.8 (21.3) and −29.9 (27.7), respectively; and in wake after sleep onset (min (SD)) −11.1 (36.4) and −11.3 (46.5). The most common adverse events were headache and somnolence. Conclusions: Sleep efficiency was increased with seltorexant treatment compared with placebo. Treatment with seltorexant resulted in a prolonged total sleep time, shorter latency to persistent sleep and wake after sleep onset. There were no unexpected safety findings.