bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and pathophysiology of post-prandial migraine in patients with functional dyspepsia
Authors: Di Stefano Michele , Pucci Ennio , Miceli Emanuela , Pagani Elisabetta , Brondino Natascia , Nappi Giuseppe , Corazza Gino Roberto , Di Sabatino Antonio 
Published: June 2019

Background Migraine is a condition frequently associated with gastrointestinal disorders. Previous reports have shown the relationship between irritable bowel syndrome and migraine, but no data are yet available in patients with functional dyspepsia. We therefore evaluated whether alteration of gastric sensorimotor activity may be related to migraine. Methods Sixty patients affected by functional dyspepsia, 38 with postprandial distress syndrome and 22 with epigastric pain syndrome were enrolled in a cohort study. Presence and severity of dyspeptic symptoms, migraine presence and severity, gastric sensitivity thresholds during fasting and postprandial period, gastric accommodation and gastric emptying time were evaluated. Results In epigastric pain syndrome, 12/22 (54%) patients suffered from migraine and this condition was never correlated with meal ingestion. In postprandial distress syndrome patients, 29/38 (76%) suffered from migraine, in 26/29 (89%) its onset was considered as meal-related, and migraine severity was significantly correlated with postprandial modification of the gastric discomfort threshold (r = −0.73; p < 0.001). In patients with postprandial distress syndrome, in the subgroup with moderate to severe migraine, the severity of fullness and early satiation was significantly higher than in patients with mild or absent migraine. In patients with moderate to severe migraine, gastric accommodation, sensitivity thresholds and gastric emptying time were similar to patients with mild or no migraine. Conclusions In patients with functional dyspepsia and postprandial symptoms, migraine is a very frequent comorbidity. On clinical grounds, it is associated with an increased severity of fullness and early satiation and, on pathophysiological grounds, it seems correlated with postprandial hypersensitivity.
A Qualitative Content Analysis of Nurses’ Comfort and Employment of Workarounds With Electronic Documentation Systems in Home Care Practice
Authors: Ibrahim Sarah , Donelle Lorie , Regan Sandra , Sidani Souraya 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundElectronic documentation systems have the potential to assist registered nurses with timely access to patient health- and care-related information. Registered nurses are the largest users of electronic documentation systems; however, limited evidence exists about their comfort with electronic documentation system usage and the types of workarounds developed within the context of home care.AimTo explore home care registered nurses’ comfort with electronic documentation system usage and identify the types and reasons for the development and implementation of workarounds.MethodsA cross-sectional survey design was employed to collect quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 217 home care registered nurses participated in the survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Findings: Individual (e.g., registered nurses’ technology-related experience), technological (e.g., electronic documentation system design) and organizational (e.g. training) characteristics influenced registered nurses’ comfort with electronic documentation system usage. Furthermore, workarounds stemmed from the technological characteristics of the electronic documentation system.ConclusionFindings highlight the need for assessing registered nurses’ level of comfort with electronic documentation system usage to inform training initiatives. Including registered nurses in the system design is advocated to ensure electronic documentation systems fit with the complexity of nursing practice, potentially enhancing registered nurses’ level of comfort and mitigating the development and employment of workarounds during system usage.
Direct cost of lupus care in the developing world: the case of Colombia
Authors: Prada SI , Perez AM , Nieto-Aristizábal I , Tobón GJ 
Published: June 2019

Background Lupus is a chronic autoimmune and incurable rheumatic disease and has a global prevalence of 3.2–517.5 cases per 100,000 people. However, currently there is no knowledge regarding the actual direct cost of patients with lupus to healthcare systems in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the direct cost of lupus care in Colombia. Methods To identify patients with lupus, claims data of 2 years from two health insurers were subjected to an algorithm according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the direct cost of lupus care. Results The average annual per-patient, all-claims, all-cause direct cost was $2355; this is approximately 9 times the average annual premium received by health insurers for covering the public benefits package. Approximately 50% of direct costs are not included in the public benefits package. The incidence of one or more condition is 98.4%. The direct cost incurred by patients with two comorbidities was 1.8 times more, with three chronic conditions was 1.9 times more and with six chronic conditions was 4.5 times more than that incurred by patients with only lupus. Conclusions The direct cost of lupus care in the developing world may be higher than expected; in addition, access to healthcare may not be equal for the entire population.
Evaluation of a safe handling and cytotoxic drug preparation training program for oncology pharmacy practitioners
Authors: Ozakin Gozde Yesilyaprak , Ciftci A Haluk , Sanci Kadriye 
Published: June 2019

Background Onkofar Health Devices Inc. offers solutions and service for safe and accurate preparation of anticancer agents. Due to the necessity of specific instructions for the drug preparation systems and the widespread use of services including personnel, the company has to train the personnel employed as oncology pharmacy practitioner technicians. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the contribution of the training program to the theoretical knowledge and the opinions of the participants about the training by retrospectively analyzing the related data. Methods The training program consisted of a comprehensive theoretical part and an applied practical part. Participants took pre-tests and post-tests and filled out a standard training evaluation form. Between November 2014 and September 2018, 100 people participated in the training. This study included 71 participants' pre-test and post-test results and 72 participants' evaluation forms. Results The test results showed that the post-test score was higher in all participants. There was a 34% increase between the average of scores. The improvement percentage was at least 9%, whereas the most considerable improvement was 61%. Overall, almost all of the participants conveyed their positive thoughts about the training. The participants' interest seemed to be mostly related to their applied practice. Conclusions Increased post-test scores showed an increase in theoretical knowledge level. The training was found to meet the expectations and needs to a great extent. Participants' opinions contributed to the shaping of the educational content for future training programs. This study showed that the training program provided improvement and value for participants.
Conformational studies of pathogenic expanded polyglutamine protein deposits from Huntington’s disease
Authors: Matlahov Irina , van der Wel Patrick CA 
Published: June 2019

Huntington’s disease, like other neurodegenerative diseases, continues to lack an effective cure. Current treatments that address early symptoms ultimately fail Huntington’s disease patients and their families, with the disease typically being fatal within 10–15 years from onset. Huntington’s disease is an inherited disorder with motor and mental impairment, and is associated with the genetic expansion of a CAG codon repeat encoding a polyglutamine-segment-containing protein called huntingtin. These Huntington’s disease mutations cause misfolding and aggregation of fragments of the mutant huntingtin protein, thereby likely contributing to disease toxicity through a combination of gain-of-toxic-function for the misfolded aggregates and a loss of function from sequestration of huntingtin and other proteins. As with other amyloid diseases, the mutant protein forms non-native fibrillar structures, which in Huntington’s disease are found within patients’ neurons. The intracellular deposits are associated with dysregulation of vital processes, and inter-neuronal transport of aggregates may contribute to disease progression. However, a molecular understanding of these aggregates and their detrimental effects has been frustrated by insufficient structural data on the misfolded protein state. In this review, we examine recent developments in the structural biology of polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin fragments, and especially the contributions enabled by advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We summarize and discuss our current structural understanding of the huntingtin deposits and how this information furthers our understanding of the misfolding mechanism and disease toxicity mechanisms. Impact statement Many incurable neurodegenerative disorders are associated with, and potentially caused by, the amyloidogenic misfolding and aggregation of proteins. Usually, complex genetic and behavioral factors dictate disease risk and age of onset. Due to its principally mono-genic origin, which strongly predicts the age-of-onset by the extent of CAG repeat expansion, Huntington’s disease (HD) presents a unique opportunity to dissect the underlying disease-causing processes in molecular detail. Yet, until recently, the mutant huntingtin protein with its expanded polyglutamine domain has resisted structural study at the atomic level. We present here a review of recent developments in HD structural biology, facilitated by breakthrough data from solid-state NMR spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and complementary methods. The misfolded structures of the fibrillar proteins inform our mechanistic understanding of the disease-causing molecular processes in HD, other CAG repeat expansion disorders, and, more generally, protein deposition disease.
Healthcare professionals’ perceptions of risky health behaviours: A qualitative evaluation of preventative measures for populations with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Keyte Rebecca , Egan Helen , Mantzios Michail 
Published: June 2019

Objectives Previous qualitative data highlight why individuals with Cystic Fibrosis may be motivated to initiate in risky behaviours (smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and illicit drug use). To inform interventions aimed to reduce the occurrence of risky behaviours, we investigated how Cystic Fibrosis health care professionals perceive the issue of risky behaviours, providing insight into what interventions could work in practice. Methods This research had two phases of data collection. In phase one, nine Cystic Fibrosis Specialist Nurses participated in a semi-structured interview via telephone. In phase two, health care professionals, who work within a Cystic Fibrosis multi-disciplinary team, participated in a dissemination meeting. Results Cystic Fibrosis health care professionals identified that although risky behaviours were a major concern within the Cystic Fibrosis population, education regarding the adverse health effects of such behaviours is not embedded within practice, with the issue of risky behaviours being addressed on an individualised basis. Health care professionals suggested that they would welcome interventions, and that such interventions first need to raise health care professionals awareness and knowledge regarding risky behaviours before focusing upon patients. Discussion Within this research, health care professionals provided practical insight into the need for policy change for the prevention and reduction of risky behaviours by informing current advice and practice.
Infrared 3D Thermography for Inflammation Detection in Diabetic Foot Disease: A Proof of Concept
Authors: van Doremalen Rob F. M. , van Netten Jaap J. , van Baal Jeff G. , Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M. R. , van der Heijden Ferdinand 
Published: June 2019

Background: Thermal assessment of the plantar surface of the foot using spot thermometers and thermal imaging has been proven effective in diabetic foot ulcer prevention. However, with traditional cameras this is limited to single spots or a two-dimensional (2D) view of the plantar side of foot, where only 50% of the ulcers occur. To improve ulcer detection, the view has to be extended beyond 2D. Our aim is to explore for proof of concept the combination of three-dimensional (3D) models with thermal imaging for inflammation detection in diabetic foot disease. Method: From eight participants with a current diabetic foot ulcer we simultaneously acquired a 3D foot model and three thermal infrared images using a high-resolution medical 3D imaging system aligned with three smartphone-based thermal infrared cameras. Using spatial transformations, we aimed to map thermal images onto the 3D model, to create the 3D visualizations. Expert clinicians assessed these for quality and face validity as +, +/-, -. Results: We could replace the texture maps (color definitions) of the 3D model with the thermal infrared images and created the first-ever 3D thermographs of the diabetic foot. We then converted these models to 3D PDF-files compatible with the hospital IT environment. Face validity was assessed as + in six and +/- in two cases. Conclusions: We have provided a proof of concept for the creation of clinically useful 3D thermal foot images to assess the diabetic foot skin temperature in 3D in a hospital IT environment. Future developments are expected to improve the image-processing techniques to result in easier, handheld applications and driving further research.
No Benefit of Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on 10-km Running Performance
Authors: EVANS MARK , MCSWINEY FIONN T. , BRADY AIDAN J. , EGAN BRENDAN 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Preexercise ingestion of exogenous ketones alters the metabolic response to exercise, but effects on exercise performance have been equivocal.

Methods
On two occasions in a double-blind, randomized crossover design, eight endurance-trained runners performed 1 h of submaximal exercise at approximately 65% V˙O2max immediately followed by a 10-km self-paced time trial (TT) on a motorized treadmill. An 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution was consumed before and during exercise, either alone (CHO + PLA), or with 573 mg·kg−1 of a ketone monoester supplement (CHO + KME). Expired air, HR, and RPE were monitored during submaximal exercise. Serial venous blood samples were assayed for plasma glucose, lactate, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations.

Results
CHO + KME produced plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations of approximately 1.0 to 1.3 mM during exercise (P < 0.001), but plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were similar during exercise in both trials. V˙O2, running economy, respiratory exchange ratio, HR, and RPE were also similar between trials. Performance in the 10-km TT was not different (P = 0.483) between CHO + KME (mean, 2402 s; 95% confidence interval, 2204–2600 s) and CHO + PLA (mean, 2422 s; 95% confidence interval, 2217–2628 s). Cognitive performance, measured by reaction time and a multitasking test, did not differ between trials.

Conclusions
Compared with carbohydrate alone, coingestion of KME by endurance-trained athletes elevated plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, but did not improve 10-km running TT or cognitive performance.
Area-level Socioeconomic Environment and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth
Authors: CLENNIN MORGAN N. , DOWDA MARSHA , SUI XUEMEI , PATE RUSSELL R. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cardiorespiratory fitness is one of the most important markers of cardiometabolic health and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality across the lifespan. However, little is known regarding the relationship of area-level socioeconomic environment on cardiorespiratory fitness during childhood and adolescence.

Purpose
To examine the relationship between area-level socioeconomic environment and cardiorespiratory fitness in a diverse sample of school-age youth; and to determine the extent to which grade level, sex, race/ethnicity, and student poverty status moderate this relationship.

Methods
South Carolina FitnessGram data for school year 2015 to 2016 were obtained for 44,078 youth. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined using Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run or 1-mile run/walk test. Area-level socioeconomic environment was expressed as a composite index score at the census tract level using data from the American Community Survey. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted, controlling for individual-level characteristics and nesting within schools and districts. Interaction terms were then introduced to the model to examine their effect of multiple sociodemographic moderators.

Results
Approximately half of the sample had inadequate cardiorespiratory fitness for health. The odds of achieving the Healthy Fitness Zone for cardiorespiratory fitness decreased by approximately 25% to 34% with increasing deprivation of the area-level socioeconomic environment, after controlling for covariates. The association between area-level socioeconomic environment and cardiorespiratory fitness also varied significantly by sex, grade level, and race/ethnicity subgroups.

Conclusions
Cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with area-level socioeconomic environment; however, the relationship varied by demographic characteristics. These results highlight the importance of examining the influence of area-level socioeconomic environment on health across the life span. Additional research is needed to explore how area-level socioeconomic environment may impact evidence-based efforts to improve youth cardiorespiratory fitness levels.
Medical Tent Utilization at 10-km Road Races: Injury, Illness, and Influencing Factors
Authors: BRESLOW REBECCA G. , SHRESTHA SWASTINA , FEROE ALIYA G. , KATZ JEFFREY N. , TROYANOS CHRIS , COLLINS JAMIE E. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To increase awareness of the need for coordinated medical care at 10-km races and to help direct future medical planning for these events.

Methods
We related medical encounter data from nineteen 10-km road races to runner, race, and environmental characteristics. We quantified the most commonly used resources and described the disposition of runners in these encounters.

Results
Across the 19 races and 90,265 finishers, there were 562 medical events for a cumulative incidence of 6.2 events per 1000 finishers (95% confidence interval, 5.7–6.8). Race size was associated with an increased incidence of medical events. Overall, the most common diagnosis was heat-related illness (1.6 per 1000 finishers), followed by musculoskeletal complaints (1.3 per 1000 finishers) and fluid–electrolyte imbalances (1.2 per 1000 finishers). For all diagnoses, runners with finishing times in the first performance quintile and in the fifth performance quintile had greater representation in the medical tent than mid-pack runners. Most runners were treated with supportive care, basic first aid, and oral rehydration. Ninety-four runners (1.0 per 1000 finishers) required ice water immersion for exertional heat stroke. There were low rates of hospital transport (0.2 per 1000 finishers), and no fatalities.

Conclusions
In 10-km road races, injury rates are low compared with longer races in similar weather conditions. Common medical issues can be managed with basic resources in the on-site medical tent. Green flag start race conditions may not predict race safety with regard to exertional heat stroke risk. There were no deaths in nearly 100,000 finishers.
The effect of self-regulation empowerment program training on neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia
Authors: Rahbar Karbasdehi Ebrahim , Abolghasemi Abbas , Hossein Khanzadeh Abbas Ali 
Published: June 2019

Aim of the studyThe current study aimed at determining the effect of self-regulation empowerment program training on neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.Subject or material and methodsThe study was a semi-experimental with pretest/posttest design and a control group. The study sample was consisted of 26 students with dyscalculia in Guilan Province, Iran, 2018, selected by the convenience sampling method and assigned into two groups (one experimental and one control). To collect the data, Tower of Hanoi Task, Stroop Test, Dual N-Back Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Social Skills Rating System were used before and after the intervention. A twelve-session self-regulation empowerment program training was implemented for the experimental group.ResultsMann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis and Cohen’s d test measured effect extent. The results of analysis showed that the self-regulation empowerment program training improved neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.DiscussionStudents with dyscalculia are faced with various physical and psychological stressful factors, which ‎leads to decreased quality of life. Considering the relationship between neurocognitive and social skills with self-regulation, one of the methods capable of assisting the rehabilitation of the students with dyscalculia is the self-regulation empowerment training.ConclusionsAccording to the findings of the research, self-regulation empowerment training can improve the neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.
Styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with cancer
Authors: Sylwia Michałowska , Sylwia Matusewicz , Agnieszka Samochowiec 
Published: June 2019

Aim of the studyThe experience of the disease is one of the most stressful events in human life. This results in the need to take action to solve a new, often very difficult, situation. The coping styles used by patients influence their activity, which in turn contributes to the course of the treatment process. The aim of this study is to present the results of studies that define the relationship between styles of coping with stress in patients with cancer and the level of anxiety experienced by them.Subject or material and methodsThe study included 55 patients hospitalized at the Oncology Center in Szczecin, including 28 women and 27 men. As research tools belong: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS).ResultsThe analysis showed differences between men and women in terms of applied coping styles and it was proven that there is a relationship between styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with oncological diseases.DiscussionThe analysis results of the research, allows to conclude that there is a relationship between specific styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with oncological diseases. It was confirmed that patients with cancer reveal a high level of anxiety and, moreover, that patients using an emotion-focused style present a higher level of anxiety than patients using a task-focused style or a style focused on avoidance.ConclusionsThe relationship between styles of coping with stress in patients with cancer and the level of anxiety experienced by them.