bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A microtensile set up for characterising the mechanical properties of films
Authors: Cyziute B. , Augulis L. , Bonneville J. , Goudeau P. , Lamongie B. , Tamulevicius S. , Templier C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA computer control deformation set-up has been specifically developed for measuring the elastic and plastic properties of thin films. It combines a piezo-actuated microtensile-testing device, based on an original tripod design, with an optical image acquiring and analysis system for measuring specimen strains. The paper will be partly devoted to describe the experimental deformation set up and its performance through mechanical tests of polyimide and aluminum samples. The Young's moduli, which are deduced from the stress-strain curves, are in good agreement with reported bulk average values. The results confirmed the ability of the equipment for the measurements of very small load and displacement levels, which are a prerequisite for such type of investigations.
Symptomatic and Radiographic Manifestations of Kidney Stone Recurrence and Their Prediction by Risk Factors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: D’Costa Matthew R. , Haley William E. , Mara Kristin C. , Enders Felicity T. , Vrtiska Terri J. , Pais Vernon M. , Jacobsen Steven J. , McCollough Cynthia H. , Lieske John C. , Rule Andrew D. 
Published: June 2019

Significance Statement
Kidney stone recurrence can manifest with symptoms from stone passage or with asymptomatic changes in kidney stone burden revealed by radiography. In a multicenter, prospective cohort study, the authors demonstrate that substantially more asymptomatic and self-managed symptomatic kidney stone recurrence occur in stone formers than has been appreciated, as many studies consider only symptomatic recurrence that results in clinical care. Among first-time symptomatic stone formers, 54% had an asymptomatic kidney stone; half of those with such a stone passed it within 5 years (but only half who did so experienced symptoms). The findings also show that when a more comprehensive definition of recurrence that includes all symptomatic and radiological manifestations is used, risk factors better predict kidney stone recurrence, thus supporting a comprehensive assessment of recurrence in clinical trials.

Background
Meaningful interpretation of changes in radiographic kidney stone burden requires understanding how radiographic recurrence relates to symptomatic recurrence and how established risk factors predict these different manifestations of recurrence.

Methods
We recruited first-time symptomatic stone formers from the general community in Minnesota and Florida. Baseline and 5-year follow-up study visits included computed tomography scans, surveys, and medical record review. We noted symptomatic recurrence detected by clinical care (through chart review) or self-report, and radiographic recurrence of any new stone, stone growth, or stone passage (comparing baseline and follow-up scans). To assess the prediction of different manifestations of recurrence, we used the Recurrence of Kidney Stone (ROKS) score, which sums multiple baseline risk factors.

Results
Among 175 stone formers, 19% had symptomatic recurrence detected by clinical care and 25% detected by self-report; radiographic recurrence manifested as a new stone in 35%, stone growth in 24%, and stone passage in 27%. Among those with a baseline asymptomatic stone (54%), at 5 years, 51% had radiographic evidence of stone passage (accompanied by symptoms in only 52%). Imaging evidence of a new stone or stone passage more strongly associated with symptomatic recurrence detected by clinical care than by self-report. The ROKS score weakly predicted one manifestation—symptomatic recurrence resulting in clinical care (c-statistic, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.73)—but strongly predicted any manifestation of symptomatic or radiographic recurrence (5-year rate, 67%; c-statistic, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.86).

Conclusions
Recurrence after the first stone episode is both more common and more predictable when all manifestations of recurrence (symptomatic and radiographic) are considered.
Student Expenses in Residency Interviewing
Authors: Walling Anne , Nilsen Kari , Callaway Paul , Grothusen Jill , Gillenwater Cole , King Samantha , Unruh Gregory 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The student costs of residency interviewing areof increasing concern but limited current information is available.Updated, more detailed information would assist studentsand residency programs in decisions about residency selection.The study objective was to measure the expenses and time spentin residency interviewing by the 2016 graduating class of the Universityof Kansas School of Medicine and assess the impact ofgender, regional campus location, and primary care application.
Methods. All 195 students who participated in the 2016 NationalResidency Matching Program (NRMP) received a 33 item questionnaireaddressing interviewing activity, expenses incurred, timeinvested and related factors. Main measures were self-reported estimatesof expenses and time spent interviewing. Descriptive analyseswere applied to participant characteristics and responses. Multivariateanalysis of variance (MANOVA) and chi-square tests comparedstudents by gender, campus (main/regional), and primary care/other specialties. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) on the dependentvariables provided follow-up tests on significant MANOVA results.
Results. A total of 163 students (84%) completed the survey. Theaverage student reported 38 (1 - 124) applications, 16 (1 - 54) invitations,11 (1 - 28) completed interviews, and spent $3,500($20 - $12,000) and 26 (1 - 90) days interviewing. No significantdifferences were found by gender. After MANOVA and ANOVAanalyses, non-primary care applicants reported significantlymore applications, interviews, and expenditures, butless program financial support. Regional campus students reportedsignificantly fewer invitations, interviews, and daysinterviewing, but equivalent costs when controlled for primarycare application. Cost was a limiting factor in acceptinginterviews for 63% and time for 53% of study respondents.
Conclusions. Students reported investing significant time andmoney in interviewing. After controlling for other variables, primarycare was associated with significantly lowered expenses.Regional campus location was associated with fewer interviewsand less time interviewing. Gender had no significantimpact on any aspect studied. KS J Med 2017;10(3):50-54.
Patient Perception of Medical Learners and Medical Education during Clinical Consultation at a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Goerl Kyle , Ofei-Dodoo Samuel 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Experience in treating patients under supervisionof faculty is an important factor in medical education at all levels.However, unpleasant patient experiences with a medical learnerduring clinical consultation can damage the relationship betweenthe medical learner, physician supervisor, and patient. A goal of thisstudy was to examine patient experiences and preferences regardingmedical learners during clinical consultation at a family medicineresidency clinic. Another goal was to determine factors relating topatients’ experiences and preferences regarding medical learners.
Methods. This cross-sectional study relied on patients completinga survey designed from extant questionnaires to measure patients’experiences and preferences relating to interactions with medicallearners at a family medicine clinic. Data were collected from 216patients between December 2016 and August 2017. We correlatedpatients’ feelings, overall experiences with medical learners and theimportance of medical education.
Results. There was a 93% participation rate. The patients rated theiroverall experiences with medical learners as 3.8 on a 5-point scale,suggesting positive experiences. Eighty-eight percent prefer not morethan three medical learners to be involved in their care during clinicalconsultation. Patients’ overall experiences with medical learnersparticipating in medical care correlated with their preferences regardingmedical learners’ involvement in their treatment (r[209] = .524;p = 0.01). Patients’ perception of medical learners participating inmedical care correlated with the importance of medical education(r[209] = .878; p = 0.01).
Conclusions. The results showed that most patients have positiveexperiences with medical learners and are generally in favor ofmedical education.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):102-105.
Aplicación de las herramientas de comunicación a un evento turístico: el caso Xacobeo
Authors: Rodríguez Fernández Magdalena 
Published: June 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en analizar la importancia que para un destino turístico como Galicia ha supuesto la creación de un evento como es el Xacobeo. Para ello se estudian las distintas herramientas de comunicación empleadas en la promoción de los tres eventos celebrados hasta hoy: Xacobeo 93, Xacobeo 99 y Xacobeo 04, con la finalidad de determinar la repercusión de las mismas en todo el proceso de la comunicación como variable del marketing operativo, y destacar la importancia y eficacia de cara a su posterior aplicación en la celebración de nuevos eventos como en el caso del actual Xacobeo 2010.
Santiago Santiño, Pascual de Gayangos. Erudición y cosmopolitismo en la España del XIX
Authors: Acerete de la Corte Eduardo 
Published: June 2019

Este artículo reseña: Santiago Santiño, Pascual de Ga­yangos. Erudición y cosmopolitismo en la España del XIX, Pamplona: Urgoiti Editores, 2018, 608 pp.
Compared with conventional procedures performed via the occipital horn, an intraoperative navigation system for ventriculoperitoneal shunting improves outcomes in patients with hydrocephalus
Authors: Peng Aijun , Zhao Hai , Wu Yongkang , Zhao Yi , Zhou Liangxue 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) is a common neurosurgical procedure for treating hydrocephalus. Catheter obstruction is one of the most common factors that influences patient prognosis. We evaluated the accuracy of proximal catheter placement and explored the probable relationship between ventricular catheter obstruction and both symptom grade and postoperative Evans index between an intraoperative navigation system for VPS and conventional surgery via the occipital horn.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 33 patients with VPS (he navigation surgery group) and 26 patients with VPS (the conventional surgery group) seen between January 2012 and August 2018. The clinical data, follow-up times, catheterization accuracy, postoperative outcomes, cumulative survival times and correlations between catheter placement and obstruction, symptom grade and the postoperative Evans index.
Results: Thirty-one patients experienced optimal ventricular catheter placement (grade 1), 2 experienced suboptimal placement (grade 2), and none experienced poor ventricular catheter placement (grade 3) in the navigation surgery group, whereas 6, 14, and 6 patients, respectively, had these results in the conventional surgery group. There was greater improvement in postoperative symptoms (P=0.017), including less catheter readjustment (P<0.001), in the navigation surgery group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative catheter obstruction-free survival time was longer in the navigation surgery group than in the conventional surgery group (P=0.028). Catheter placement was significantly correlated with catheter obstruction (P<0.001). In addition, catheter obstruction was significantly correlated with the symptom grade (P=0.001) and postoperative Evans index (P<0.001).
Conclusions: An intraoperative navigation system for VPS improved patient outcomes and the accuracy of ventricular catheter placement. Catheter obstruction-free survival times were longer in the navigation surgery group, and catheter placement was significantly correlated with catheter obstruction.
Correlation of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody levels and long-term outcomes of juvenile myasthenia gravis in Taiwan: a case control study
Authors: chou cheng che , Su I Chen , Chou I Jun , LIN Jainn Jim , Lan Shih Yun , Wang Yi Shan , Kong Shu Sing , Chen Yun Ju , Hsieh Meng Ying , Hung Po Cheng , Wang Huei Shyong , Chou Min Liang , Lin Kuang Lin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Myasthenia gravis is the most common disease affecting the neuromuscular junction. The most common etiology among patients with juvenile myasthenia gravis is the production of antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor. However, the clinical outcome in relation to serum levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in juvenile myasthenia gravis has rarely been discussed. We aimed to analyze the correlation between the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and outcome in juvenile myasthenia gravis.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with juvenile myasthenia gravis younger than of 20 years of age were retrospectively recruited from January 1995 to February 2017 in a tertiary referral medical center. According to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America outcome scale, the primary outcome was complete symptom remission and cessation of medications for at least 1 year measured 2 years after diagnosis. Secondary outcome was complete symptom remission at the last outpatient clinic.

Results

A total of 54 patients were followed up for over 2 years. Nine patients (9/54, 16.7%) achieved complete remission without medication use at two years after diagnosis. Thirteen (24.1%) patients achieved complete remission during longer follow-up periods. Those with negative anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were more likely to achieve complete remission at 2 years (6/15 [40%] vs. 3/39 [7.7%], 95% Confidence interval [CI] 1.670 to 38.323) and at the last outpatient clinic follow-up (8/15 [53.3%] vs. 5/39 [12.8%], 95% CI 2.367 to 20.704). Thirteen patients with comorbid autoimmune thyroid diseases were older than those without disease (11.8 ± 5.8 years old vs. 8.0 ± 6.3 years old, 95% CI 0.018 to 7.33). Moreover, patients negative for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were less likely comorbid with autoimmune thyroid disease (1/35 [2.9%] vs. 12/71 [16.9%], 95% CI 0.018 to 1.161).

Conclusions

Juvenile myasthenia gravis patients without anti-acetylcholine antibodies exhibited significantly increased complete remission rates and a reduced likelihood of comorbid autoimmune thyroid diseases compared with those with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies among Chinese.
Implications of the Melamchi water supply project for the Kathmandu Valley groundwater system
Authors: Thapa Bhesh Raj , Ishidaira Hiroshi , Gusyev Maksym , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Udmale Parmeshwar , Hayashi Masaki , Shakya Narendra Man 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo meet the demand deficit in Kathmandu Valley, the Government of Nepal has planned to supply an additional 510 million liters per day (mld) of water by implementing the Melamchi Water Supply Project (MWSP) in the near future. In this study, we aim to assess the spatial distribution of groundwater availability and pumping under five scenarios for before and after the implementation of the MWSP using a numerical groundwater flow model. The data on water demand, supply infrastructure, changes in hydraulic head, groundwater pumping rates, and aquifer characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that groundwater pumping from individual wells ranges from 0.0018 to 2.8 mld and the average hydraulic head declined from 2.57 m below ground level (bgl) (0.23 m/year) to 21.58 m bgl (1.96 m/year). Model simulations showed that changes in average hydraulic head ranged from +2.83 m to +5.48 m at various stages of the MWSP implementation, and −2.97 m for increased pumping rates with no implementation of the MWSP. Regulation in pumping such as monetary instruments (groundwater pricing) on the use of groundwater along with appropriate metering and monitoring of pumping amounts depending on the availability of new and existing public water supply could be interventions in the near future.
Experiment and simulation of layered bioretention system for hydrological performance
Authors: Jiang Chunbo , Li Jiake , Li Huaien , Li Yajiao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Bioretention can reduce surface runoff, slow down peak flow, and delay peak time by increasing the infiltration capacity of the underlying surface. The media structure directly affects the performance of bioretention systems. Four pilot tanks with different media configuration were built, and hydraulics and water volume reduction were studied though intermittent, simulated storm events. The results showed that water volume and peak flow reduction rate were the most stable and efficient for #1 (fly ash mixing sand, 1:1 by volume) than other systems, which were 58.6–67.9% and 72.0–86.4%, respectively. Partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to build a model for the relation between water volume reduction rate and its influencing factors (R2 = 0.76), and the factors that influence bioretention water volume reduction were ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: infiltration rate (IR) &gt; submerged area height (SAH) &gt; inflow volume (IV) &gt; antecedent dry time (ADT). In addition, volume reduction rate exhibited a positive correlation with ADT and SAH, and a negative correlation with IR and IV. Three water transfer simulations with different infiltration rates were conducted using HYDRUS-1D under designed inflow conditions, and the minimum relative error is obtained for #1.
Blood Pressure and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Patients Initiating Hemodialysis
Authors: Chang Tara I-Hsin , Liu Sai , Airy Medha , Niu Jingbo , Turakhia Mintu P. , Flythe Jennifer E. , Montez-Rath Maria E. , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. 
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives
We examined the association of predialysis systolic and diastolic BP and intradialytic hypotension with incident atrial fibrillation in older patients initiating hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We used the US Renal Data System linked to the records of a large dialysis provider to identify patients aged ≥67 years initiating hemodialysis between January 2006 and October 2011. We examined quarterly average predialysis systolic BP, diastolic BP, and proportion of sessions with intradialytic hypotension (i.e., nadir systolic BP <90 mm Hg). We applied an extended Cox model to compute adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of each exposure with incident atrial fibrillation.

Results
Among 17,003 patients, 3785 developed atrial fibrillation. When comparing predialysis systolic BP to a fixed reference of 140 mm Hg, lower predialysis systolic BP was associated with a higher hazard of atrial fibrillation, whereas higher systolic BP was associated with a lower hazard of atrial fibrillation. When comparing across a range of systolic BP for two hypothetical patients with similar measured covariates, the association varied by mean systolic BP: at systolic BP 190 mm Hg, each 10 mm Hg lower systolic BP was associated with lower atrial fibrillation hazard (HR, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.00), whereas at systolic BP 140 mm Hg, a 10 mm Hg lower systolic BP was associated with a higher atrial fibrillation hazard (HR, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.14). Lower diastolic BP was associated with higher atrial fibrillation hazards. Intradialytic hypotension was weakly associated with atrial fibrillation.

Conclusions
In this observational study of older patients initiating hemodialysis, lower predialysis systolic BP and diastolic BP were associated with higher incidence of atrial fibrillation.
Trajetórias do saber fazer de um antropólogo
Authors: Lima Filho Manuel Ferreira 
Published: June 2019

Apresento nesse artigo as minhas trajetórias acadêmicas pontuando de que modo se deu os meus aprendizados e como me fiz professor, pesquisador e sempre um aprendiz do oficio da Antropologia. Tendo como referência as experiências etnográficas, tenho pautado as minhas atividades profissionais buscando aliar o conhecimento e a prática profissionais sempre a favor de uma dialogia entres saberes. Palavras chave: Antropologia. Biografia. Memória. Learning how to be an anthropologist Abstract In this article I present my academic trajectories highlighting how I have become a teacher, a researcher, and always an apprentice of Anthropology. Having as a reference the ethnographic experiences, I have guided my professional activities seeking to combine the knowledge and the professional practice in favor of a dialogism among knowledges. Keywords: Anthropology. Biography. Memory.
Whitening Efficacy of Chewing Gum Containing Sodium Metaphosphate on Coffee Stain: Placebo-controlled, Double-blind In Situ Examination
Authors: Makino S , Kawamoto C , Ikeda T , Doi T , Narise A , Tanaka T , Almas C , Hannig M , Carvalho R , Sano H 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of chewing gum containing sodium metaphosphate (SMP) to remove coffee stains from enamel in situ. This was a double-blind (subjects, evaluators), parallel-group, crossover, randomized clinical trial with 30 healthy adult volunteers. Each participant held an appliance with a hydroxyapatite (HA) pellet on the lower lingual side of his or her mouth for two hours to allow pellicle formation. The appliances were subsequently immersed in coffee solution at 37°C for 48 hours. The color of the HA pellet before and after coffee immersion was measured using a spectrophotometer. The participant set the appliance and chewed two pieces of test gum, which contained 7.5 mg of SMP per piece, or control gum without SMP. Each cycle included five minutes of exposure to chewing gum, after which the appliances were placed in 100% relative humidity at room temperature for a 30-minute incubation. This cycle was repeated five times for each gum type. The color of the HA pellet was measured after each chewing cycle using the spectrophotometer. In addition, ΔE* values, which indicate the change in pellet color after each chewing cycle compared with after coffee immersion, were calculated. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test with Bonferroni adjustment to compare ΔE* values of control and test gum after each chewing cycle. The ΔE* values of test gum were significantly higher than those of control gum after all chewing cycles, excluding the first cycle (p&lt;0.05). This finding indicates that test gum containing SMP was more effective at removing coffee stains from the HA pellet than control gum. We conclude that chewing gum containing SMP can effectively remove coffee stains from HA pellets. Thus, SMP is a promising agent to be further explored in tooth-cleaning studies.