bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restorative yoga for occupational stress among Japanese female nurses working night shift: Randomized crossover trial
Authors: Miyoshi Yoko 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To determine whether restorative yoga is an effective method for relieving occupational stress among female nurses working the night shift in Japan.

Methods
From July 2017 to May 2018, 20 female nurses aged in their 20s to 30s who were working the night shift at a university hospital participated in a randomized crossover trial, consisting of a 1-hour guided group yoga session followed by 4 weeks of at-home practice and 4 weeks of usual stress relief methods. The level of stress was assessed by the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare before and after performing restorative yoga. Descriptive statistics were calculated and data were analyzed by Student’s t test, one-way analysis of variance (with repeated measures), or Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test.

Results
Vital signs showed no significant differences from before to after the group yoga session, and there was no change of weight after 4 weeks of at-home practice. The mean questionnaire score for “psychological and physical stress reactions” was significantly reduced after the group yoga session. In addition, the mean score was significantly lower after 4 weeks of at-home practice than before or after group yoga, or after 4 weeks of the usual stress relief methods.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that restorative yoga may be effective for alleviating occupational stress among female nurses working the night shift.
Profiling and functional analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in high glucose‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Jin Guoxi , Wang Qiong , Hu Xiaolei , Li Xiaoli , Pei Xiaoyan , Xu Erqin , Li Minglong 
Published: August 2019

Dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells often results in diabetic vascular complications. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetes and many vascular diseases. This study aimed to explore the roles of circRNAs in high glucose‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to elucidate the contributions of circRNAs to diabetic vascular complications. We subjected control and high glucose‐induced HUVECs to RNA sequencing and identified 214 differentially expressed circRNAs (versus control HUVECs, fold change ≥ 2.0, P < 0.05). We then validated seven of these differentially expressed circRNAs by qPCR (hsa_circ_0008360, hsa_circ_0005741, hsa_circ_0003250, hsa_circ_0045462, hsa_circ_0064772, hsa_circ_0007976, and hsa_circ_0005263). A representative circRNA–microRNA (miRNA) network was constructed using the three most up‐regulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0008360, hsa_circ_0000109, and hsa_circ_0002317) and their putative miRNA. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that these circRNAs regulate the expressions of genes involved in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis through targeting miRNAs. Our work highlights the potential regulatory mechanisms of three crucial circRNAs in diabetes‐associated endothelial dysfunction.
The crystal structure of AcrR from Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals a one‐component transcriptional regulation mechanism
Authors: Kang Sung‐Min , Kim Do‐Hee , Jin Chenglong , Ahn Hee‐Chul , Lee Bong‐Jin 
Published: August 2019

Transcriptional regulator proteins are closely involved in essential survival strategies in bacteria. AcrR is a one‐component allosteric repressor of the genes associated with lipid transport and antibiotic resistance. When fatty acid ligands bind to the C‐terminal ligand‐binding cavity of AcrR, a conformational change in the N‐terminal operator‐binding region of AcrR is triggered, which releases the repressed DNA and initiates transcription. This paper focuses on the structural transition mechanism of AcrR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis upon DNA and ligand binding. AcrR loses its structural integrity upon ligand‐mediated structural alteration and bends toward the promoter DNA in a more compact form, initiating a rotational motion. Our functional characterization of AcrR and description of the ligand‐ and DNA‐recognition mechanism may facilitate the discovery of new therapies for tuberculosis.
1‐Butanthiol [MAK value documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of 1‐butanethiol [
109‐79‐5
]. Available publications and unpublished study reports are described in detail. Additional data from a 90‐day inhalation study in rats indicate that the critical effect is haematotoxicity. On the basis of the NOAEC of 9 ml/m
3
and taking into account the increased respiratory volume at the workplace, the MAK value is increased to 1 ml/m
3
. Since a systemic effect is critical, Peak Limitation Category II with an excursion factor of 2 is assigned. The NOAEC for developmental toxicity in mice is 10 ml/m
3
and the NOEC for rats is 152 ml/m
3
. After considering the increased respiratory volume at the workplace, the margin to the MAK value calculated based on the data from the rat is sufficiently large. In mice, the LOAEC for developmental toxicity is 68 ml/m
3
and the NAEC is probably higher than 10 ml/m
3
, which results in a sufficient margin to the MAK value. Therefore, damage to the embryo or foetus is unlikely if the MAK value is not exceeded and 1‐butanethiol remains classified in Pregnancy Risk Group C. According to skin absorption models, percutaneous absorption is expected to contribute significantly to systemic toxicity. Therefore, 1‐butanethiol is designated with an “H”. 1‐Butanethiol can cause sensitization of the skin in animals and is therefore designated with “Sh”.
Vinylchlorid [MAK value documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated vinyl chloride [
75‐01‐4
] considering all toxicological endpoints.

Vinyl chloride is a genotoxic liver carcinogen in humans and animals. The re‐evaluation showed that a maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) cannot be derived and vinyl chloride remains classified in Carcinogen Category 1. However, the Commission has, for the first time, established an exposure‐risk relationship for a carcinogen using an approach similar to that of the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety. Pre‐defined excess risks for hepatic angiosarcomas after occupational exposure to vinyl chloride were calculated from two large epidemiological studies. The exposure‐risk relationships for both studies were similar. Concentrations of 40, 4, and 0.4 ml/m
3
for a 40‐year exposure correspond to risks of 4:1000, 4:10 000, and 4:100 000, respectively. A 40‐year exposure to 1 ml/m
3
thus results in a risk of 1:10 000. These risk values also cover the risks for hepatocellular carcinomas.

Vinyl chloride is a mutagen in vitro and in vivo. It can reach the testes of animals, but does not lead to dominant lethal mutations in mice and rats and is therefore not classified as a germ cell mutagen. Vinyl chloride from the gas phase is not taken up via the skin in toxicologically relevant amounts. Studies on sensitization are not available and there are no reports on sensitization in humans.
Superhydrophobic Fluorine‐Containing Protective Coating to Endow Al Nanoparticles with Long‐Term Storage Stability and Self‐Activation Reaction Capability
Authors: Ke Xiang , Guo Shuangfeng , Gou Bingwang , Wang Ning , Zhou Xiang , Xiao Lei , Hao Gazi , Jiang Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe stability of aluminum (Al) nanoparticles (ANPs) is a key issue that can determine the energetic properties of Al‐based energetic materials. In this study, a surface functionalization approach is employed, using the chemical adsorption and auto polymerization effects of the 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H‐perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS‐17), to set up a highly stable barrier coating to water and further endow ANPs with long‐term storage stability and self‐activation reaction capability. The FAS‐17‐modified ANPs (AFNPs) with a superhydrophobic surface show their excellent stability in air and unique strengths in corrosion resistance to water by enhancing diffusion resistance of O2 and preventing the hydration reaction. In terms of energetic performances, compared to the two‐step slow oxidation of ANPs, the heat‐release rate of AFNPs is significantly enhanced, resulting in a drastic oxidation process profiting from the surface reaction between the FAS‐17 and alumina (Al2O3) layer. More importantly, the ignition and combustion properties of AFNPs are also greatly improved, which can undergo self‐propagation combustion with a fairly high energy output even after stored in water. At last, the possible mechanisms of oxidation resistance and self‐activation reaction capacities are also proposed.
A Proresolving Peptide Nanotherapy for Site‐Specific Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Regulating Proinflammatory Microenvironment and Gut Microbiota
Authors: Li Chenwen , Zhao Yang , Cheng Juan , Guo Jiawei , Zhang Qixiong , Zhang Xiangjun , Ren Jiong , Wang Fengchao , Huang Jun , Hu Houyuan , Wang Ruibing , Zhang Jianxiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases steadily worldwide. There is an urgent need for effective and safe IBD therapies. Accelerated resolution of inflammation is a new strategy for the management of inflammatory diseases. For effective and safe IBD treatment, herein a smart nanotherapy (i.e. oxidation‐responsive nanoparticles containing a proresolving annexin A1‐mimetic peptide Ac2‐26, defined as AON) is developed, which can release packaged Ac2‐26, in response to highly expressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) at diseased sites. AON effectively protects Ac2‐26 from degradation in the enzyme‐rich environment of the gastrointestinal tract. By delivering this nanotherapy to the inflamed colons of mice with IBD, site‐specific release and accumulation of Ac2‐26 in response to high levels of ROS at the inflammatory sites are achieved. Mechanistically, the Ac2‐26‐containing, oxidation‐labile nanotherapy AON effectively decreases the expression of proinflammatory mediators, attenuates trafficking and infiltration of inflammatory cells, promotes efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, and increases phenotypic switching of macrophages. Therapeutically, AON reduces symptoms of inflammation, accelerates intestinal mucosal wound healing, reshapes the gut microbiota composition, and increases short‐chain fatty acid production. Additionally, oral delivery of this nanomedicine shows excellent safety profile in a mouse model, conferring the confidence for further development of a targeted precision therapy for IBD and other inflammatory diseases.
Biomimetic MXene Textures with Enhanced Light‐to‐Heat Conversion for Solar Steam Generation and Wearable Thermal Management
Authors: Li Kerui , Chang Ting‐Hsiang , Li Zhipeng , Yang Haitao , Fu Fanfan , Li Tingting , Ho John S. , Chen Po‐Yen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract2D materials are of particular interest in light‐to‐heat conversion, yet challenges remain in developing a facile method to suppress their light reflection. Herein, inspired by the black scales of Bitis rhinoceros, a generalized approach via sequential thermal actuations to construct biomimetic 2D‐material nanocoatings, including Ti3C2Tx MXene, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is designed. The hierarchical MXene nanocoatings result in broadband light absorption (up to 93.2%), theoretically validated by optical modeling and simulations, and realize improved light‐to‐heat performance (equilibrium temperature of 65.4 °C under one‐sun illumination). With efficient light‐to‐heat conversion, the bioinspired MXene nanocoatings are next incorporated into solar steam‐generation devices and stretchable solar/electric dual‐heaters. The MXene steam‐generation devices require much lower solar‐thermal material loading (0.32 mg cm−2) and still guarantee high steam‐generation performance (1.33 kg m−2 h−1) compared with other state‐of‐the‐art devices. Additionally, the mechanically deformed MXene structures enable the fabrication of stretchable and wearable heaters dual‐powered by sunlight and electricity, which are reversibly stretched and heated above 100 °C. This simple fabrication process with effective utilization of active materials promises its practical application value for multiple solar–thermal technologies.
Does the Emergency Medicine In‐training Examination Accurately Reflect Residents’ Clinical Experiences?
Authors: Bischof Jason J. , Emerson Geremiha , Mitzman Jennifer , Khandelwal Sorabh , Way David P. , Southerland Lauren T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe American Board of Emergency Medicine Model of the Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (ABEM Model) serves as a guide for resident education and the basis for the resident In‐training Examination (ITE) and the Emergency Medicine Board Qualification Examinations. The purpose of this study was to determine how closely resident–patient encounters in our emergency departments (EDs) matched the ABEM Model as presented in the specifications of the content outline for the ITE.MethodsThis single‐site study of an academic residency program analyzed all documented resident–patient encounters in the ED during a 2.5‐year period recorded in the electronic medical record. The chief complaints from these encounters were matched to the 20 categories of the ABEM Model. Chi‐square goodness‐of‐fit tests were performed to compare the proportions of categorized encounters and proportions of patient acuity levels to the proportions of categories as outlined in the content blueprint of the ITE.ResultsAfter the exclusion of encounters with missing data and those not involving EM residents, 125,405 encounters were analyzed. We found a significant difference between the clinical experience of EM residents and the ABEM Model as reflected in the ITE for both case categories (p < 0.01) and patient acuity (p < 0.01). The following categories were the most overrepresented in clinical care: signs, symptoms, and presentations; psychobehavioral disorders; and abdominal and gastrointestinal disorders. The most underrepresented were procedures and skills, systemic infectious disorders, and thoracic–respiratory disorders.ConclusionThe clinical experience of EM residents differs significantly from the ITE Content Blueprint, which reflects the ABEM Model. This type of inquiry may help to provide custom education reports to residents about their clinical encounters to help identify clinical knowledge gaps that may require supplemental nonclinical training.
Verringerung schädlicher Defekte für leistungsstarke Metallhalogenid‐Perowskit‐Solarzellen
Authors: Ono Luis K. , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Qi Yabing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn zahlreichen Photovoltaik (PV)‐Technologien begrenzt das Vorhandensein elektronischer Defekte innerhalb der Halbleiter‐Bandlücke den Wirkungsgrad, die Reproduzierbarkeit und die Lebensdauer. Metallhalogenid‐Perowskite (MHPs) haben wegen ihrer hervorragenden Photovoltaik‐Eigenschaften, die auch ohne eine sehr strenge Filmwachstumskontrolle erreicht werden können, große Aufmerksamkeit gefunden. Es wurde in theoretischer Hinsicht viel getan, um die Punktdefekte in MHPs zu beschreiben. Dieser Aufsatz diskutiert die experimentellen Hürden für eine gründliche Charakterisierung der Defekte in MHPs, wie experimentelle Zuordnung der Defektart, Defektdichten und die durch diese Defekte induzierten Energiepositionen innerhalb der Bandlücke. Das zweite Schwerpunktthema sind die Passivierungsstrategien. Auf Grundlage einer Literaturrecherche werden die Defektenarten untersucht, die zu berücksichtigen und zu minimieren sind. Ein grundlegendes Verständnis der Defektbeschaffenheit von MHPs ist wünschenswert, um deren optoelektronische Funktionen zu verbessern.
Novel approach with polyfluorene/polydisulfide copolymer binder for high‐capacity silicon anode in lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Bulut Emrah , Güzel Emre , Yuca Neslihan , Taskin Omer S. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, as a novel design with the collaboration of a fluorene and sulfide‐based copolymer for Li‐ion battery application is presented. Polyfluorene‐co‐polydisulfide is prepared with desired functional groups to yield a conductivity and good adhesion. These critical and important features are performed by preparing polymers with proper functional groups. The preparation process is accomplished via Suzuki coupling process under Pd catalyst by combining separately synthesized 4,4′‐dibromodiphenyl disulfide in combination with 9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐2,7‐bis(trimethylborate). The fully obtained capacity of the silicon particles, that is, at C/10 with the capacity of 1250 mAh g−1 after the 500th cycle, approves the good performance by preserving capacity stability till 600th cycles. The designed and synthesized polymer binder with different functionalities and carbon nanotube additive show better characteristics such as conductivity, high polarity, and binding adhesion. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48303.
Assessing the relative impacts of land‐use change and river regulation on Burdekin River (Australia) floodplain wetlands
Authors: Tibby John , Barr Cameron , Marshall Jonathan C. , Richards Jenny , Perna Colton , Fluin Jennie , Cadd Haidee R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The Burdekin River floodplain wetlands are internationally important and act as a sink for sediments and nutrients that would otherwise enter the World Heritage‐listed Great Barrier Reef lagoon.
The Burdekin River has the highest natural discharge of any Great Barrier Reef catchment and contributes the greatest mass of sediment to the reef. The river and its catchment have been substantially modified by land clearance, river regulation introduced in the 1960s, the construction of the Burdekin Falls Dam in 1987 and invasive aquatic plants.
We hypothesised that the natural variability of Burdekin River discharge would render its wetland ecosystems resistant to human‐induced pressures.
Diatoms were analysed from the sediments of two lower Burdekin River floodplain wetlands with contrasting regulation histories. Labatt Lagoon has a long history of flow alteration, whereas Swan's Lagoon has experienced limited regulation.
Both wetlands experienced dramatic increases in sedimentation as a result of land clearance, yet the Swan's Lagoon diatom record indicates that the wetland's ecology remains within the range of natural variability. In contrast, Labatt Lagoon is markedly different from its pre‐settlement state. It is now permanent, having been ephemeral for more than 1000 years before European settlement. The conversion to artificial permanence facilitated aquatic plant invasion, resulting in more marked changes than widespread pastoralism.
Modern diatom assemblages from 28 lower Burdekin River floodplain wetlands indicate that the contemporary flora of Swan's Lagoon is unusual. Most wetlands have similar assemblages to those in the Labatt Lagoon record in its present, altered state. It is possible, therefore, that the ecological shift registered in Labatt Lagoon is widespread.
Diatom records highlight the striking impact that river regulation has had on the trajectory of the Burdekin floodplain wetlands. It is likely that wetland rehabilitation can be facilitated by the re‐introduction of a variable hydrological regime.
Insight into the Geometric and Electronic Structures of Gold/Silver Superatomic Clusters Based on Icosahedron M13 Units and Their Alloys
Authors: Jin Shan , Wang Shuxin , Zhu Manzhou 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetal superatomic nanoclusters, with electronic structures similar to those of one certain atom, are an important type of metal clusters. Interestingly, metal clusters with metal cores composed of either icosahedral M13 or icosahedral assemblies always have a greater potential to become superatomic clusters. Furthermore, superatomic clusters with similar electronic compositions could possess various geometric structures, owing to differences in the shells; this provides a deeper understanding of the metal superatomic cluster and the assembly for nanomaterials. Therefore, this review focuses on the geometric and electronic structures of gold/silver superatomic clusters based on icosahedron M13 units and their alloys, which will facilitate the development of various applications of superatomic clusters.
Structural Diversity in Luminescent MOFs Containing a Bent Electron‐rich Dicarboxylate Linker and a Flexible Capping Ligand: Selective Detection of 4‐Nitroaniline in Water
Authors: Chakraborty Gouri , Das Prasenjit , Mandal Sanjay K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA combination of a bent bis(naphthalene) and hydroxy‐based dicarboxylate linker and a flexible bis(tridentate)polypyridyl ligand has been employed to self‐assemble with two different d10 metal centers, ZnII and CdII, to form structurally diversified luminescent metal–organic frameworks, [Zn2(tpbn)(mbhna)2(H2O)2]⋅4 H2O⋅1.5DMF (1) and {[Cd2(tpbn)(mbhna)2]⋅2DMF}n (2), respectively (where, tpbn=N,N′,N′′,N′′′‐tetrakis(pyridine‐2‐ylmethyl)butane‐1,4‐diamine and H2mbhna=4,4′‐methylene‐bis[3‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthalene carboxylic acid]). Both 1 and 2 are characterized and analyzed by various analytical techniques including single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometry. Their excellent emissive nature is studied in different solvents and further utilized to selectively detect aromatic amines, particularly 4‐nitroaniline in water with detection limits at sub‐ppm level. The difference in sensing activity of 1 and 2 toward 4‐NA is corroborated well with their structures. The mechanism of action has been established through Stern–Volmer plot, spectral overlap, time‐resolved lifetime studies and HOMO–LUMO energy calculations. In addition, 1 and 2 are found to be recyclable and display good stability after sensing experiments.
Weak signal detection in SPC
Authors: Dohnal Gejza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChanges in the behavior of dynamic systems are detected based on changes in the monitored quantities or their characteristics. This detection usually takes place by monitoring the time evolution of a variable and detecting the change at the time when a predetermined threshold is exceeded. This threshold is determined on the basis of the detection scheme requirements, in particular, the probability of false alarms and the detection rate for the actual change. In some cases, however, a change does not come suddenly, but certain “hints” in the system behavior can be observed that may indicate a future change. For example, an increasing frequency of outliers can result in a sudden permanent change in the signal. The occurrence of some “unusual” frequencies often indicates an imminent change. For example, an increasing correlation value indicates an undesired process status. Detection of these “subliminal” hints can often improve the characteristics of the detection scheme, especially the detection rate for the actual change. In this paper, we will deal with the detection of weak signals in statistical process monitoring using a control chart with adaptive control limits.