bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Science teachers' beliefs about teaching and learning related to content and procedural goals
Authors: Petermann Verena , Vorholzer Andreas , von Aufschnaiter Claudia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractScience teachers' beliefs about teaching and learning are a vital component of teachers' professional competence and are often assumed to impact classroom practice. To date, these beliefs have been predominantly investigated regarding teaching and learning in general or for a particular science subject (e.g., physics). It remains to be determined whether these beliefs are similar across different goals within a subject. The study reported addresses this question by investigating and comparing beliefs about teaching and learning regarding two prominent main goals of science education: content goals that refer to scientific phenomena, laws, theories, and disciplinary core ideas and procedural goals that refer to scientific procedures and practices. To that end, data from 170 German teachers were collected in 2019 and 2020 with an online questionnaire. After modeling the data and assessing the quality of measurement via Rasch analysis techniques, subsequent t‐tests were employed to compare beliefs. Results reveal that science teachers' beliefs vary between both main goals. For instance, teachers believe that achieving procedural goals requires primarily doing science with lesser relevance of discussing and elaborating with students explicitly the rules and strategies for engaging appropriately in scientific practices (e.g., control of variables strategy). In contrast, teachers believe that for achieving content goals, explicit instruction about corresponding conceptual knowledge is of higher relevance. Furthermore, the analysis reveals differences in teachers' beliefs about their own abilities. Teachers typically believe they are more able to teach and deal with content goals compared with procedural goals. The differences reported may help to understand research on teachers' classroom practice and can inform teacher training and professional development.
Evaluation of acaricide treatments to experimentally reduce winter tick load on moose
Authors: De Pierre Delphine , Déry Florent , Asselin Anthony , Leighton Patrick A. , Côté Steeve D. , Tremblay Jean‐Pierre 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuantifying the consequences of winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus) on the body condition and life‐history traits of moose (Alces alces) is a challenge due to several confounding factors. We experimentally reduced tick load on moose calves by testing the effectiveness of 2 acaricide treatments: one using topical permethrin (5%) alone and the other a combination of a more concentrated topical permethrin (44%) and orally administered fluralaner (25 mg/kg). We evaluated changes in tick load, body mass, hematocrit, and hair loss severity and occurrence, from recaptured or resighted moose calves over winter in Québec and New Brunswick, Canada. Nearly all untreated moose (94%, n = 41) experienced hair loss compared to calves that received the combination of permethrin (44%) and fluralaner (41%, n = 37). Of treated moose that exhibited hair loss, only 22% had more than 5% damage and some already had hair loss at capture. Capturing moose later likely increased the probability of observing hair loss when resighting treated moose, although hair loss essentially remained lower for treated calves than for untreated calves. In untreated moose, tick load at capture tended to drive hair loss, but calendar date mostly drove hair loss severity, especially during April. There was no clear effect of topical permethrin (5%) on tick load, body mass, and hematocrit. Body condition simply decreased from January captures to spring recaptures, regardless of treatment. Our results suggested that combining permethrin (44%) and fluralaner effectively reduced tick load based on hair loss severity and occurrence. We cannot, however, disentangle the individual effects of permethrin (44%) and fluralaner. We discuss research implications and considerations of using such a treatment for reducing winter tick load.
Statistical Phenomena
Authors: Gurbatov Sergey N. , Rudenko Oleg V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Statistical analysis is applied to phenomena associated with propagation of random nonlinear acoustic waveforms in homogeneous media. Following presentation of the nonlinear evolution equation and relevant statistical functions, basic phenomena in nonlinear noise fields are described for an initially quasi-harmonic signal with random amplitude and phase modulation. An expression is presented for the intensity of the harmonics generated by a source radiating narrowband noise. Examples are provided illustrating the widening of the frequency spectrum associated with propagation of broadband noise of finite amplitude, and with interaction of a finite-amplitude tone with a band of low-amplitude noise.
Future Outlook and Research Ideas
Authors: Lampoltshammer Thomas J. , Leitold Herbert , Schmidt Carsten , Zefferer Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter uses the lessons learned from technical work and piloting of the mGov4EU project, as well as experience made so far in developing the Single Digital Gateway (SDG) Once-Only Technical System (OOTS) and the European Digital Identity Wallet (EUDIW). These are our basis, and we dare to look into the future. The two European flagship policy initiatives OOTS and EUDIW are meant to facilitate citizens’ journey through European public services but also are meant as tools to navigate private services in the Digital Single Market. It, however, would be naïve to assume that setting such complex systems into production is the end of an endeavour. We might only learn through first experience where pitfalls lie but in particular what opportunities are given that haven’t been seen before. We, therefore, give authors’ views on where this road might lead us and what research might be essential to get there. The chapter, thus, aims at anticipating what might be needed to reap the benefits of OOTS and EUDIW in a mobile world from a governance perspective, a privacy and data protection perspective, a services perspective and a mobile technologies perspective. Therefore, each section first sets the scene by outlining the status. This is followed by addressing some challenges and gives an outlook by indicating how research might address these challenges.
User and Design Research of Digital Government
Authors: Sellung Rachelle , Kiss Lennart 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUser experience (UX) and design research are pivotal in developing mobile and e-government services. As digital governance evolves, it faces the challenge of meeting citizens’ expectations for intuitive, accessible, and efficient online interfaces. The primary challenge is the need for standardised design approaches and insufficient user involvement in developing digital government services. This has led to interfaces that often fail to meet users’ diverse needs and preferences, impacting the effectiveness and accessibility of government services. The focus of this chapter is an in-depth exploration of these challenges within the context of the mGov4EU project. Through comprehensive desk research and analysis of user interfaces in digital government, this chapter evaluates existing design practices and user involvement strategies. The analysed evidence includes case studies and empirical methods, including surveys, interviews, and brain activity analysis. The results reveal significant insights into the effectiveness of current design practices and highlight the diverse approaches required to cater to different user groups. The study demonstrates how the mGov4EU project successfully addressed the challenges through established best practices and lessons learned in user-centric design. The chapter concludes with a forward-looking perspective, emphasising the importance of ongoing research and innovation in UX for digital governance. It suggests that future efforts should focus on enhancing user participation in design processes and standardising UX approaches to ensure the development of more effective and accessible government services.
Design and Architecture of Mobile Cross-Border Services Building Blocks
Authors: Podgorelec Blaž , Czerny Roland , Zefferer Thomas , Prünster Bernd , Corici Andreea Ancuta , Wich Tobias , Hühnlein Detlef 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe growing trend of mobile services usage compared to desktop services necessitates the development of mobile-accessible e-government to cater to citizens’ growing digital needs. Secure and efficient solutions for strong authentication and cross-institutional data exchange are crucial in this context, particularly within the eID (electronic Identification) and SDG (Single Digital Gateway) domains. This work presents an advanced technical architecture developed as part of the H2020 mGov4EU project, which addresses these challenges by offering a comprehensive set of mobile-tailored building blocks that could serve as a basis when using e-Government. The proposed architecture consists of four building blocks: (1) eID Interoperability System, enabling mobile-based cross-border authentication; (2) Digital Wallet System, providing a user-friendly platform for citizens to manage their eID credentials and (SDGR) evidence; (3) SDG Interoperability System, enabling efficient cross-border data exchange and user-authorization access point; and (4) eSignature Interoperability System, ensuring secure and efficient creation of electronic signatures. Integrating these building blocks, the mGov4EU project enhances the baseline of e-Government in a mobile environment.
An i-Voting Pilot in the eIDAS and SDG Context
Authors: Cucurull Jordi , Toropova Polina , Corici Andreea-Ancuta , Prünster Bernd , Zefferer Thomas , Podgorelec Blaž 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter describes the design, implementation, and execution of the i-voting pilot of the mGov4EU project. The pilot has integrated some of the main building blocks of the project into an i-voting software and has demonstrated their functionality applied to a real use case. The chapter also describes the experience and lessons learned while passing from a laboratory proof of concept to the deployments to be used by real users both at the University of Tartu in a first stage and at the University of Stuttgart in a second stage. During the first stage, the identification with eIDAS has been tested, and during the second stage, validation of documents retrieved via single digital gateway (SDG) components and authorizing users to vote in the election have been tested. Also, some insights obtained from the final users of the pilots have been presented.
Psychologische Frauenbefreiung: Feministische Therapie zwischen Psychologie und Frauenbewegung in der Bundesrepublik der 1970er Jahre
Authors: Luckgei Vera 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die zweite Welle der Frauenbewegung erfasste ab den späten 1960er Jahren sämtliche Bereiche der westdeutschen Gesellschaft. Dazu gehörten Debatten darüber, wie die Gesundheitsversorgung von Frauen selbstbestimmt, frauenfreundlich und feministischen Idealen entsprechend gestaltet werden könnte. Dies wurde auch in Hinblick auf die damals allgemein boomende Psychotherapie diskutiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie Debatten rund um eine feministische Therapie in der Bundesrepublik aufkamen. Dabei rückt das spannungsgeladene Verhältnis zwischen Psychologie und Psychotherapie in den Blick. Während feministische Frauenberatungsstellen und Therapiezentren im deutschsprachigen Raum seit den späten 1970er Jahren ein verbreiteter Bestandteil des psychosozialen Versorgungsnetzes wurden, blieb die wissenschaftliche Psychologie feministischen Einflüssen gegenüber weitgehend unbewegt. Der Artikel zeichnet nach, wie es zu diesem Ungleichgewicht zwischen feministisch-therapeutischer Praxis und psychologischer Frauenforschung kam. Dazu setzt er im Jahr 1974 an, als Psychologinnen versuchten, feministische Impulse in die akademische Psychologie zu tragen und feministische Aktivistinnen psychotherapeutische Ansätze für die Frauenbewegung nutzbar machten. Dass viele Psychologinnen ihr Engagement aus dem akademischen in das therapeutische Feld verlagerten – so die These des Artikels –, lag an den wenig förderlichen Bedingungen, die feministisch orientierte Psychologinnen in der deutschsprachigen akademischen Psychologie vorfanden.
Interstitial HDR brachytherapy for anal cancer—results and quality of life
Authors: Jirkovská Michaela , Stankušová Hana , Kindlová Anna , Jirkovský Daniel , Lohynská Radka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
While anal cancer is a very rare oncological diagnosis representing less than 2% of lower gastrointestinal tract cancers, the incidence has doubled in the past 20 years. Radical radiochemotherapy with sequential or simultaneous boost is now the standard treatment modality. Interstitial HDR brachytherapy is one of the boost application options. Implementation of new radiotherapy techniques has resulted in improved therapeutic outcomes; however, it is still associated with acute and especially late toxicity. Gastrointestinal disorders and sexual dysfunction are the most frequent factors affecting the long-term quality of cured patients’ lives.

Methods
A total of 96 patients consecutively treated between 2000 and 2022 with external beam radio-/chemotherapy and an interstitial brachytherapy boost for histologically verified nonmetastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated. The median follow-up time was 15.4 years (range 13.4–17.3 years). The primary objective of the study was to assess local control (LC) and quality of life (QoL). The Czech versions of internationally validated EORTC questionnaires were used to evaluate life quality—the basic EORTC QOL-C30 v.3 and the specific QOL-ANL 27 questionnaire.

Results
Local control was 85.5% at 5 years, 83.4% at 10 years, 83.4% at 15 years, and 83.4% at 20 years, and there was no dependence on clinical stage. The most common forms of acute toxicity were cutaneous and hematological but were gastrointestinal for late toxicities. In the evaluation of quality of life, 80.5% of patients alive at the time participated. In the EORTC quality of life questionnaire C30 v.3, patients rated the functional scale score as 86.2 points (standard deviation [SD] = 12.6) and the symptom score as 15.5 points (SD = 12.5). The global health score achieved 68.4 points (SD = 23.6). The most common symptoms were fatigue with 25.6 points (SD = 20.2) and diarrhea with 19.0 points (SD = 27.8). In the QOL-ANL 27 questionnaire, symptom scales assessing bowel symptoms were scored 27.5 points (SD = 19) in non-stoma patients and 11.9 points (SD = 17.2) in stoma patients. In the single-item symptom scales, the highest scores were rated for frequency of urination with 26.4 points (SD = 30.8), need to be close to a toilet with 22.4 points (SD = 27.3), and self-cleaning more often with 25.3 points (SD = 31.8). In the functional scales assessing sex life and interest, men and women reported scores of 45.2 (SD = 23) and 45.5 points (SD = 19), respectively.

Conclusion
Boost with interstitial HDR brachytherapy is an established safe method of anal cancer treatment, with excellent results and limited late toxicity. Functioning scales were rated relatively highly in QoL questionnaires, and the overall global health score was comparable to published data. Gastrointestinal difficulties, fatigue, and sexual dysfunction dominated the symptom scales in our cohort.
Analysis of the relationship between cutting forces and local structural properties of Scots pine wood aided by computed tomography
Authors: Huang Yunbo , Chuchala Daniel , Buck Dietrich , Orlowski Kazimierz A. , Fredriksson Magnus , Svensson Mikael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractX-ray computed tomography (CT) is utilised in some sawmills today, primarily for enhancing value yield and for process automation, which includes log sorting and sawing optimisation. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of recent research utilising CT to assess the local cutting process. As a preliminary study, this paper addresses this gap by using CT to investigate the connections between local cutting force and local wood properties including density, knots, and annual ring width. Workpieces of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), from Sweden and Poland, were CT-scanned in laboratory conditions. Quasi-linear cutting tests were then performed on both clear and knotty regions of the workpieces using a custom-made laboratory stand with a Stellite-tipped tooth mounted on piezoelectric sensors. It was found that density influences cutting forces for both clear and knotty wood, and this effect increased noticeably with increasing uncut chip thickness. Changes in wood density, such as between sapwood and heartwood or between clear wood and knot, caused dynamic changes in cutting forces and temporary disturbances to the stability of the system. Normalisation of cutting forces by local density allowed the conclusion that density is not the only property affecting cutting forces. Other structural properties, e.g. annual ring width and latewood–earlywood proportion may affect the cutting process as well, which requires deeper analysis in the future research. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of coupling CT data with cutting force measurements and suggests further research on the relationship between cutting force and wood properties.
Organic waste and beechwood cellulose blend saccharification and validation of hydrolysates by fermentation
Authors: Rudnyckyj Stanislav , Kucheryavskiy Sergey , Chaturvedi Tanmay , Thomsen Mette Hedegaard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates the sustainable advancement of fermentation media by blending the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with organosolv beechwood cellulose. Investigations examined the effects of enzyme dosages and OFMSW integration into organosolv beechwood cellulose on sugar yield. The findings indicate that OFMSW inclusion and Cellic® CTec3 dosage significantly influence hydrolysis across two different batches of beechwood cellulose. Experimental data showed that OFMSW inclusion levels of 35% and 45% (w/w) produced sugar levels comparable to pure beechwood cellulose, achieving 58% to 68% (w/w) saccharification with sugar concentrations of 44 to 46 g/L. This highlights OFMSW's potential as a buffer substitute during the enzymatic conversion of organosolv cellulose. The resulting sugar-rich hydrolysates, derived from OFMSW-cellulose blends and pure cellulose, were evaluated for ethanol and cell biomass production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Mucor indicus, yielding 30 g of ethanol/L hydrolysate. Furthermore, OFMSW inclusion in beechwood cellulose proved to be an excellent alternative to synthetic nitrogen agents for S. cerevisiae cell production, reaching 12.2 g of biomass/L and surpassing the biomass concentration from cultivation on cellulose hydrolysate with nitrogen supplementation by threefold. However, M. indicus did not grow in the OFMSW-cellulose blend, suggesting that the inhibitory compounds of OFMSW may be a bottleneck in the proposed process. The present study demonstrates the benefits of incorporating OFMSW into cellulose material, as it enhances both cost-effectiveness and sustainability. This is attributed to the natural buffering properties and nitrogen content of OFMSW, which reduces the need for synthetic agents in fermentation-based lignocellulose biorefineries.

Key points
• OFMSW inclusion significantly influences beechwood cellulose saccharification.
• OFMSW could be an excellent alternative for synthetic agents in biorefinery.
• S. cerevisiae achieved higher biomass growth on OFMSW/cellulose mix compared to YPD.

Graphical abstract
EyeMatics – Multizentrische Datenauswertung von Real-World-Daten mit interoperabler medizinischer Informatik
Authors: Holtrup Lea , Varghese Julian , Schuster Alexander K. , Poschkamp Broder , Hampf Christopher , Waltemath Dagmar , Wahle Leonie , Lipprandt Myriam , Merle David A. , Berens Philipp , Kohlbacher Oliver , Kakkassery Vinodh , Bartos Martin , Ziemssen Focke , Wendt Thomas , Hoffmann Katja ,   EyeMatics Study Group, Eter Nicole 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Auswertung von Real-World-Daten (RWD) ermöglicht Erkenntnisse aus einer Vielzahl von Patientendaten, die in der klinischen Routine erhoben werden. Multizentrische Analysen bilden darüber hinaus eine breite und repräsentative Patientenpopulation ab und bergen das Potenzial, die reale Versorgungssituation zu erfassen. Als Basis dafür sind die Definition von Datensätzen und eine Infrastruktur zum Datenaustausch notwendig. Datenintegrationszentren (DIZ) sind bereits bundesweit an (universitären) Standorten etabliert worden, um RWD für wissenschaftliche Analysen aus den verschiedenen Quellsystemen zu extrahieren und in forschungskompatiblen Dateninfrastrukturen zu integrieren. Das hier beschriebene Projekt soll den Mehrwert dieser Datenzusammenführung anhand eines Ophthalmologie-Anwendungsfalls demonstrieren und dazu einen Kerndatensatz als Augenheilkunde-Erweiterungsmodul definieren sowie eine standortübergreifende Datenaustauschinfrastruktur etablieren. In einem ersten Schritt soll der Behandlungserfolg bei Augenkrankheiten verbessert werden, die mit intravitrealer operativer Medikamentenapplikation (IVOM) behandelt werden. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziels soll ein Dashboard für klinische Daten bereitgestellt werden, das die zusammengeführten Daten übersichtlich visualisiert. Darüber hinaus sollen Algorithmen zur Identifikation neuer bildgebender Biomarker entwickelt werden, die der Therapieüberwachung dienen und Behandlungsergebnisse prognostizieren können.
Associations between lifetime reproductive events among postmenopausal women with bipolar disorder
Authors: Gordon-Smith Katherine , Perry Amy , Di Florio Arianna , Craddock Nicholas , Jones Ian , Jones Lisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle, childbirth and perimenopause often coincide with a worsening of mood symptoms in women with bipolar disorder (BD). To date, findings from the limited number of studies investigating associations between these events among women with BD have been inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate associations between episodes in relation to the perimenopause and (i) premenstrual symptoms and (ii) postpartum mood episodes in a large sample of postmenopausal women with BD.

Methods
Among 567 postmenopausal women with BD, recruited as part of the UK Bipolar Disorder Research Network, relationships between reproductive event-associated mood symptoms/episodes were examined. Multivariate binary analyses were carried out to identify if history of premenstrual symptoms and/or postpartum episodes predicted the occurrence of mood episodes in relation to the perimenopause, controlling for potential confounders including number of mood episodes per illness year.

Results
History of premenstrual symptoms was associated with experiencing any type of mood episode, and depression specifically, during the perimenopause (OR 6.189, p < 0.001 and OR 2.709, p = 0.019 respectively). History of postpartum depression within 6 weeks of delivery was associated with depressive episodes during the perimenopause (OR 2.635, p = 0.027). Postpartum mania was not a significant predictor.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that women with BD with a history of premenstrual symptoms and postpartum depression are potentially at increased risk of experiencing episodes of depression in relation to the perimenopause. There are clinical and self-management implications in identifying a subgroup of women with BD who may be particularly vulnerable to episodes of mood disturbance during reproductive events.