bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sponge Mats, but not Taekwondo Mats, Reduce Landing Impact From Heights of 0.45, 0.90, and 1.35 m in Taekwondo Gyeokpa Players
Authors: Moon Jeongeun , Kim Geon-Tak , Park Jihong 
Published: December 2024

Context: This study compared landing impact between 3 landing heights on 3 landing surfaces by quantifying vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) profile and knee joint angle. Design: Crossover. Methods: Nineteen healthy male college Taekwondo (TKD) Gyeokpa players (age: 20.7 [2.6] y, height: 1.73 [0.05] m, mass: 65.5 [7.1] kg, and athletic careers: 5.9 [3.2] y) performed 2-leg landings from 3 different heights (0.45, 0.90, and 1.35 m) on 3 different surfaces (uncovered force plates on the ground, a 2-cm thick TKD or a 14-cm thick sponge mat over the force plates). Peak vGRF, time to peak vGRF, and knee joint angle in the dominant leg were analyzed using analysis of variance and functional data analysis (α = .05). Results: There was a height by surface interaction in peak vGRF (F4,144 = 2.54, P = .04) and time to peak vGRF (F4,144 = 7.62, P < .0001), but not for knee joint angle (F4,144 = 0.51, P = .73). Increased peak vGRF and shortened time to peak vGRF were observed as landing height increased on each landing surface (P < .0001 for all tests). Functional data analysis revealed that landing on the TKD mat increased vGRF by 0.4× body weight (P < .0001) at a landing height of 0.90 m or higher, whereas landing on the sponge mat reduced vGRF (<0.9× body weight), delayed time to reach peak vGRF (<30 ms, P < .0001), and maintained knee flexion angle (<10.3°, P < .01), compared with landing on the ground. Conclusions: The TKD mat was ineffective in reducing the landing impact as similar landing biomechanics were observed between landing on the ground and the TKD mat. We recommend the use of the sponge mat to reduce landing impact as it attenuated vGRF, delayed time to reach peak vGRF, and maintained sagittal plane landing posture, as compared with landing on the ground and the TKD mat.
Prediction of 12-Month Clinical Outcomes Postsurgery Based on 3-Month Knee Examination After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kim Jin Seong , Hwang Ui Jae , Chung Kyu Sung , Kwon Oh Yun 
Published: December 2024

Context: Active management of modifiable factors during the early rehabilitation stage can help patients who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction successfully return to sports. This study aimed to determine predictors for performance on the single-leg hop test and Tegner activity score 12-month post-ACL reconstruction, based on knee function assessed 3-month postsurgery. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Ninety-one patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were recruited. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of the one hop test and Tegner activity score 12-month postsurgery, based on a knee examination performed 3 months after ACL reconstruction. Factors evaluated at 3 months included the Biodex balance system anteroposterior and mediolateral indexes; Y balance test anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reaches; knee extensors and flexors peak torque per body weight; and knee extensors and flexors average power per body weight. Results: The knee extensor peak torque per body weight (PT/BW) and Biodex balance system-mediolateral index with cutoff values of 132 N·m/kg and 0.45, respectively were identified as predictors for achieving a limb symmetric index within 10% on the hop test. Furthermore, achieving a Tegner activity score over 6 was predicted by Y balance test-posteromedial reach and knee flexors average power per body weight, with cutoff values of 92.5 cm and 122 W/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Three months following ACL reconstruction, knee extensor peak torque, and mediolateral balance predicted performance on the hop test, while dynamic posteromedial balance and knee flexors average power predicted rotational ability, at the 12-month assessment.
Adaptive evolution of extensive drug resistance and persistence in epidemic ST11 KPC-producing
Klebsiella pneumoniae
during antimicrobial chemotherapy
Authors: Li Tinghua , Zhu Yiwei , Xiang Guoxiu , Xu Ziyang , Yang Haihui , Li Min , Shen Zhen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The global rise of carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
, including strains producing
K. pneumoniae
carbapenemase (KPC) types, poses a significant public health challenge due to their resistance to critical antibiotics. Treatment options for infections caused by KPC-producing
K. pneumoniae
(KPC-KP) are increasingly limited, particularly as these strains develop resistance to last-line antibiotics such as ceftazidime/avibactam and colistin. This study investigates the evolution of antibiotic resistance and persistence in a series of clonally related ST11 KPC-KP strains isolated from a single patient undergoing extended antimicrobial treatment. The patient, a 47-year-old male with a history of kidney transplantation, developed multiple KPC-KP lung infections during his hospital stay. Resistance to colistin and ceftazidime/avibactam emerged during treatment with these antibiotics. Key resistance mechanisms identified included the integration of IS
Kpn26
into
mgrB
gene, leading to
mgrB
inactivation and colistin resistance, and the emergence of novel
bla
KPC-2
variants (
bla
KPC-71
and
bla
KPC-179
) that confer resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam. Despite the development of colistin resistance in a ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-KP strain following combination therapy, the patient’s clinical condition significantly improved. Phenotypic assays showed that
mgrB
disruption in KPC-KP resulted in increased biofilm formation and higher susceptibility to phagocytosis. In mouse models, KPC-KP strains with
mgrB
disruption showed reduced virulence, increased lung colonization and persistence, and a lower inflammatory response, suggesting that
mgrB
disruption facilitates the transition from acute infection to colonization. This study highlights the complex interplay between antibiotic resistance and bacterial fitness, offering insights into why some patients experience clinical improvement despite severe drug resistance and incomplete bacterial clearance.
Evaluating the stability of nursery-established arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal associations in apple rootstocks
Authors: Zhang Huiting , Wang Wanyan , Honnas Loren , Mazzola Mark , Somera Tracey 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are promoted as commercial bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture. Little is known, however, about the survival of AMF inoculants in soil and their impacts on native or pre-established AMF communities in root tissue. The current study was designed to assess the stability of pre-existing/nursery-derived AMF in apple rootstocks after being planted into soil containing a known community of AMF with a limited number of species. Root-associated endophytic communities (bacteria and fungi) are known to differ depending on apple rootstock genotype. Thus, an additional aim of this study was to explore the effect of apple rootstock genotype on AMF community structure. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in which a variety of apple rootstock genotypes (G.890, G.935, M.26, and M.7) were inoculated with a commercially available, multi-species AMF consortium. Nursery-derived AMF communities were sequenced, and changes to AMF community structure following cultivation in pasteurized soil (inoculated and non-inoculated) were assessed using a Glomeromycota-specific phylogenetic tree, which included 91 different AMF species from 24 genera. Results show that inoculant colonization potential was limited and that apple rootstocks serve as a significant source of inoculum from the nursery where they are produced. Rootstocks established relationships with introduced AMF in a genotype-specific manner. Regardless of colonization success, however, the inoculant caused alterations to the resident AMF communities of both Geneva and Malling rootstocks, particularly low abundance taxa. In addition, phylogeny-based analysis revealed a unique, well-supported clade of unknown taxonomy, highlighting the importance of using phylogenetic-based classification for accurate characterization of AMF communities.

IMPORTANCE
Understanding the impacts of introduced AMF on residential AMF communities is essential to improving plant productivity in nursery and orchard systems. In general, there is a dearth of data on the interactions of commercial AMF inoculants with pre-established AMF communities living in symbiosis with the host plant. The interplay between apple rootstock genotype and the endophytic root microbiome is also an area where more research is needed. This study demonstrates the potential for nursery-established AMF associations to be maintained when transplanted into the field. In addition to providing insight into rootstock/AMF associations, our study calls attention to the current issues attendant with relying on web-based databases for determining AMF identity. The use of phylogenetic tools represents one possible solution and may be of value to industry practitioners in terms of improving product composition and consistency.
Infection-induced trained immunity: a twist in paradigm of innate host defense and generation of immunological memory
Authors: Bahl Aayush , Pandey Saurabh , Rakshit Roopshali , Kant Sashi , Tripathi Deeksha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

In contrast to adaptive immunity, which relies on memory T and B cells for long-term pathogen-specific responses, trained immunity involves the enhancement of innate immune responses through cellular reprogramming. Experimental evidence from animal models and human studies supports the concept of trained immunity and its potential therapeutic applications in the development of personalized medicine. However, there remains a huge gap in understanding the mechanisms, identifying specific microbial triggers responsible for the induction of trained immunity. This underscores the importance of investigating the potential role of trained immunity in redefining host defense and highlights future research directions. This minireview will provide a comprehensive summary of the new paradigm of trained immunity or innate memory pathways. It will shed light on infection-induced pathways through non-specific stimulation within macrophages and natural killer cells, which will be further elaborated in multiple disease perspectives caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The article further elaborates on the biochemical and cellular basis of trained immunity and its impact on disease status during recurrent exposures. The review concludes with a perspective segment discussing potential therapeutic benefits, limitations, and future challenges in this area of study. The review also sheds light upon potential risks involved in the induction of trained immunity.
Diagnosis of
Plasmodium
infections using artificial intelligence techniques versus standard microscopy in a reference laboratory
Authors: Nagendra Sanjai , Hayes Roxanna , Bae Dayeong , Dodge Krystin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Diagnosing malaria using standard techniques is time-consuming. With limited staffing in many laboratories, this may lead to delays in reporting. Innovative technologies are changing the diagnostic landscape and may help alleviate staffing shortages. The miLab MAL, an automated artificial intelligence-driven instrument was compared with standard microscopy at LabCorp reference laboratories. Four hundred eight samples submitted for parasitic examination were prepared with thick and thin smears and Noul’s malaria platform miLab MAL, and evaluated for positivity, negativity, percent positivity, and species identification. Of 408 samples, 399 samples were manually negative, while 397 were negative by miLab MAL. Two samples initially classified as negative manually were found positive by miLab MAL. In all nine cases,
Plasmodium falciparum
was identified by both methods. Percentage parasitemia was higher in the manually calculated method, especially when >1%. miLab MAL was accurate in identifying the absence of
Plasmodium falciparum
and exhibited higher sensitivity than the manual method. All positive samples detected by microscopy were also identified with miLab MAL. All positive
Plasmodium
cases were correctly identified by miLab MAL. However, the number of positive samples was limited to only
Plasmodium falciparum
. Although parasitemia by the manual method was on average six times higher than with miLab MAL, this may be due to sampling variability. The findings show that miLab MAL can be used to screen out negative
Plasmodium falciparum
samples. Further studies assessing parasitemia between methods and identification of non-falciparum samples are necessary to assess the reliability of this new technology.
From viral assembly to host interaction: AFM’s contributions to virology
Authors: Ray Ankita , Simpson Joshua D. , Demir Irem , Gisbert Victor G. , Gomes David B. , Amadei Federico , Alsteens David 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Viruses represent a diverse pool of obligate parasites that infect virtually every known organism, as such, their study is incredibly valuable for a range of fields including public health, medicine, agriculture, and ecology, and the development of biomedical technologies. Having evolved over millions of years, each virus has a unique and often complicated biology, that must be characterized on a case-by-case basis, even between strains of the same taxon. Owing to its nanoscale spatial resolution, atomic force microscopy (AFM) represents a powerful tool for exploring virus biology, including structural features, kinetics of binding to host cell ligands, virion self-assembly, and budding behaviors. Through the availability of numerous chemistries and advances in imaging modes, AFM is able to explore the complex web of host-virus interactions and life-cycle at a single virus level, exploring features at the level of individual bonds and molecules. Due to the wide array of techniques developed and data analysis approaches available, AFM can provide information that cannot be furnished by other modalities, especially at a single virus level. Here, we highlight the unique methods and information that can be obtained through the use of AFM, demonstrating both its utility and versatility in the study of viruses. As the technology continues to rapidly evolve, AFM is likely to remain an integral part of research, providing unique and important insight into many aspects of virology.
The effective multiplicity of infection for HCMV depends on the activity of the cellular 20S proteasome
Authors: Cataldo Katie M. , Roche Kathryn L. , Monti Christopher E. , Dash Ranjan K. , Murphy Eain A. , Terhune Scott S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a betaherpesvirus capable of infecting numerous cell types and persisting throughout an infected individual’s life. Disease usually occurs in individuals with compromised or underdeveloped immune systems. Several antivirals exist but have limitations relating to toxicity and resistance. HCMV replication involves upregulation of host proteasomal activities, which play important roles in the temporal stages of replication. Here, we defined the impact on replication kinetics of the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib. We demonstrate that bortezomib significantly reduces levels of viral genomes and infectious virions produced from a population of cells. Inhibition reduced expression of viral proteins that are influenced by genome synthesis. When added prior to 24 hpi, we observe decreases in PCNA and Cdk1 while increases in p21 whose regulations contribute to efficient replication. This response synergized with an antiviral, maribavir. Since some replication occurred, we tested the hypothesis that a subset of infected cells might break through inhibition. Initially, we simulated bortezomib activities using a mechanistic computational model of late-lytic replication. Upon reducing multiplicity of infection (MOI)
in silico
, we observed near-identical simulated results compared to experimental data. Next, we analyzed replication using live-cell imaging. This revealed treated cultures do contain a population of cells with fully developed late-stage cytoplasmic assembly compartments but at significantly lower numbers. We refer to this as the effective MOI. Overall, our studies support a hypothesis in which 20S proteasome inhibition disrupts HCMV replication by reducing the MOI to an effective MOI, defined by a fraction of infected cells capable of progressing to fulminant infection.

IMPORTANCE
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and reactivation continues to contribute to morbidity and mortality around the world. Antiviral compounds are available but have limitations. Here, we have defined the impact of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on HCMV replication. Proteasomal activities play a critical role in temporal changes required for replication. We demonstrate that disrupting these activities inhibits viral replication while likely supporting increased antiviral activity of the anti-HCMV agent, maribavir. Using a combination of live-cell imaging and computational tools, we discover that a subset of infected cells progresses to fulminant infection, which we define as the effective multiplicity of infection, and this subset would otherwise be missed when analyzing the average of the population.
Enteroviral 3C protease cleaves N4BP1 to impair the host inflammatory response
Authors: Zhang Dongjie , Xie Yifan , Cao Jie , Huang Lisu , Fan Wenchun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Enteroviral 3C protease (3Cpro) is an essential enzyme for viral replication and is responsible for combating the host anti-viral immune response by targeting cellular proteins for cleavage. The identification and characterization of 3Cpro substrates will contribute to our understanding of viral pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a motif search for 3Cpro substrates in the human protein database using FIMO, which refers to a common cleavage sequence of 3Cpro. We identified and characterized NEDD4-binding protein 1 (N4BP1), a key negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway, as a novel 3Cpro substrate. N4BP1 is cleaved at residue Q816 by 3Cpro from several human enteroviruses, resulting in the loss of its ability to regulate tumor necrosis factor alpha-activated NF-κB signaling. In addition, we found that mouse N4BP1, which has a threonine at the P1′ site, is resistant to human enteroviral 3Cpro cleavage. However, rodent enteroviral 3Cpro derived from encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) can cleave both human and mouse N4BP1 at a species-specific site. By combining bioinformatic, biochemical, and cell biological approaches, we identified and characterized N4BP1 as a novel substrate of enteroviral 3Cpro. These findings provide valuable insights into the interplay between 3Cpro, its substrates, and viral pathogenesis.

IMPORTANCE
Targeting cellular proteins for cleavage by enteroviral 3Cpro is a conserved strategy used by enteroviruses to promote viral replication. While the cleavage of certain host proteins by 3Cpro may not affect viral replication, it is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of viral infection. In this study, we identified and characterized N4BP1, which plays such a role, using a combination of bioinformatic, biochemical, and cell biological approaches. Our data show that multiple 3Cpros cleave N4BP1 at residue Q816 and that cleavage of endogenous N4BP1 can occur during viral infection. N4BP1 has no effect on coxsackievirus B3 replication, but 3Cpro-induced N4BP1 cleavage abolishes its regulatory function in NF-κB signaling. We also show that mouse N4bp1 resists human enteroviral 3Cpro cleavage. In contrast, rodent enteroviral EMCV 3Cpro can target human and mouse N4BP1 for cleavage at different residues, which indicates that future investigations are needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms involved.
Draft genome sequence of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
Streptomyces
sp. CLV115
Authors: Ruschel Soares Natasha , Fernández Campos Juan Felipe , Zardin Missau Luiza , Rosa Pianetti Thiago , Budelon Gonçalves Júlia , Romanato Santarém Eliane , Vieira Astarita Leandro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces
sp. CLV115 isolated from Solanaceae rhizosphere in southern Brazil shows promising plant growth-promoting traits; thus, whole-genome sequencing aids the unraveling of its genomic potential, offering insights into developing natural crop solutions and advancing
Streptomyces
genomics.
Draft genome sequencing of
Enterococcus faecium
MBBL3, a probiotic strain isolated from healthy cow milk
Authors: Siddique Naim , Rahman Md. Morshedur , Rahaman Monira , Rahman A. N. M. Aminoor , Talukder Anup Kumar , Das Ziban Chandra , Hoque M. Nazmul 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We sequenced the whole genome of
Enterococcus faecium
MBBL3, isolated from healthy cow milk. The draft genome of MBBL3 is 2,971,195 bp with 95.61× coverage, spanned over 106 contigs.
Draft genome sequence of
Mycobacterium intracellulare
strain HYG9370 isolated from Japanese Black Cattle in Japan
Authors: Kawaguchi Reiko , Ueno Yuichi , Kurita Kanako , Wako Toshiyuki , Mori Yasuyuki , Ogawa Yohsuke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Mycobacterium intracellulare
strain HYG9370 (ID: JD563) isolated from a clinically healthy Japanese Black steer. The genome information of this strain provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of
M. intracellulare
, which has been isolated from multiple hosts and environments.
Complete genome sequence of a marine
Pseudoalteromonas
bacterial strain
Authors: Manirakiza Eric , Chaumier Timothée , Tirichine Leïla 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Pseudoalteromonas
is an abundant bacterial genera, found ubiquitously, including in extreme environments. Its broad metabolic capacity enables unique associations with various organisms. Using PacBio sequencing, we generated the complete genome sequence of a marine
Pseudoalteromonas
, revealing two circular chromosomes and one putative plasmid. The genome data are accessible at
https://BacBrowse.univ-nantes.fr
.
Complete genome sequence of a human influenza a virus (H1N1) detected in Kazakhstan in the fall of 2022
Authors: Sarsenov Radmir , Babenko Dmitriy , Kamalova Dinara , Amirgazin Asylulan , Begaidarova Rosaliya , Atshabarova Saule , Shevtsov Alexandr , Sidelyova Yekaterina , Yegorov Sergey , Kadyrova Irina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

An
Orthomyxoviridae Alphainfluenza virus Influenza A
virus strain,
A/Kazakhstan/Flu-H11-6/2022(H1N1
), was isolated in Karaganda, Central Kazakhstan during a study of acute respiratory infections among hospital inpatients in 2022. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of this strain.
Genome sequences of three electrochemically active bacteria isolated from an anaerobic digester
Authors: Yoshizu Daichi , Tomita Keisuke , Tsuchiya Miyu , Kouzuma Atsushi , Watanabe Kazuya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Three electrochemically active bacteria (EAB), strains ADMFC1, ADMFC2, and ADMFC3, were isolated from an anaerobic digester. Here, we report on genome sequences of the three EAB, which help deepen our understanding of the diversity and niches of EAB inhabiting anaerobic digesters.