bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Assembly of a Molecularly Engineered Protein and Polymer
Authors: Sikder Amrita , Ray Debes , Aswal Vinod K. , Ghosh Suhrit 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProgrammable assembly of biomolecules is a fast growing research area that aims to emulate nature's elegance in creating numerous hierarchical self‐assembled structures, which are responsible for unimaginably difficult biological functions. Protein assembly is a particularly challenging task, owing to their structural diversity, conformational heterogeneity, and high molecular weight. This article reveals the ability of a supramolecular structure‐directing unit (SSDU) to regulate the entropically favourable supramolecular assembly of a covalently conjugated protein (bovine serum albumin (BSA)) to produce well‐defined protein‐decorated micelles with remarkably high thermal stability, suppression of the thermal denaturation of the protein, and retention of enzymatic activity. Furthermore, a SSDU‐appended thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) co‐assembles with the SSDU–BSA conjugate because, in both cases, assembly was primarily driven by specific molecular recognition between the SSDUs. However, the resulting supramolecular protein–polymer conjugate exhibits distinctly different polymersome structure to that of the micellar particle produced by the protein‐SSDU conjugate. In this case, the enzymatic activity can be significantly suppressed above the lower critical solution temperature of supramolecularly conjugated PNIPAM, possibly due to collapse of the de‐solvated polymer chains on the protein surface.
Enantioseparation and molecular modeling study of five β‐adrenergic blockers on Chiralpak IC column
Authors: Zhao Yu , Li Shuang , Wang Xia , Yu Jia , Song Yongbo , Guo Xingjie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the enantiomeric resolution of five β‐adrenergic blockers on a Chiralpak IC column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm particle size) in normal phase mode. The mobile phase used was n‐hexane‐ethanol‐diethylamine in different proportions at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with the column temperature of 25°C using a UV detector at 230 nm. The influences of base additives and alcohol modifiers were evaluated and optimized. The maximum resolution values for bevantolol, propranolol carteolol, esmolol, and metoprolol were 4.80, 2.77, 2.09, 2.30, and 1.11, respectively. To gain a better understanding of the interaction between chiral stationary phase and analyte enantiomers, the molecular docking of chiral stationary phase with five pairs of enantiomer was carried out using AutoDock molecular docking technique. By simulation studies, the mechanism of chiral recognition was determined. According to the results, hydrogen bond interactions and π‐π interactions were the chief interactions for the chiral recognition.
SEL1L plays a major role in human malignant gliomas
Authors: Mellai Marta , Annovazzi Laura , Boldorini Renzo , Bertero Luca , Cassoni Paola , De Blasio Pasquale , Biunno Ida , Schiffer Davide 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Suppressor of Lin‐12‐like (C. elegans) (SEL1L) participates in the endoplasmic reticulum‐associated protein degradation pathway, malignant transformation and stem cell biology. We explored the role of SEL1L in 110 adult gliomas, of different molecular subtype and grade, in relation to cell proliferation, stemness, glioma‐associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), prognostic markers and clinical outcome. SEL1L protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Genetic and epigenetic alterations were detected by molecular genetics techniques. SEL1L was overexpressed in anaplastic gliomas (World Health Organization [WHO] grade III) and in glioblastoma (GB, WHO grade IV) with the highest labelling index (LI) in the latter. Immunoreactivity was significantly associated with histological grade (p = 0.002) and cell proliferation index Ki‐67/MIB‐1 (p = 0.0001). In GB, SEL1L co‐localised with stemness markers Nestin and Sox2. Endothelial cells and vascular pericytes of proliferative tumour blood vessels expressed SEL1L suggesting a role in tumour neo‐vasculature. GAMs consistently expressed SEL1L. SEL1L overexpression was significantly associated with TERT promoter mutations (p = 0.0001), EGFR gene amplification (p = 0.0013), LOH on 10q (p = 0.0012) but was mutually exclusive with IDH1/2 mutations (p = 0.0001). SEL1L immunoreactivity correlated with tumour progression and cell proliferation, conditioning poor patient survival and response to therapy. This study emphasises SEL1L as a potential biomarker for the most common subgroup of TERT mutant/EGFR amplified/IDH‐WT GBs.
Preparation of Naphthalene Dianhydride Bithiophene Copolymers by Direct Arylation Polycondensation and the Latent Pigment Approach
Authors: Sanzone Alessandro , Cimò Simone , Mattiello Sara , Ruffo Riccardo , Facchinetti Irene , Bonacchini Giorgio E. , Caironi Mario , Sassi Mauro , Sommer Michael , Beverina Luca 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn alternating naphthalene dianhydride bithiophene copolymer (PNDAT2) is prepared by a combined direct arylation polycondensation and the latent pigment approach. PNDAT2 is the first reported example of an alternating conjugated polymer containing naphthalene dianhydride, the oxo‐analogue of naphthalene diimide often used in electron‐acceptor conjugated polymers. PNDAT2 is resistant to organic solvents and can be generated directly as film by thermal treatment of the soluble tetraester precursor PNTET2. PNDAT2 is characterized by a LUMO level of −3.9 eV, similar to that of established naphthalene diimide containing soluble copolymers. This route to insoluble electron acceptor copolymers by thermal cleavage of soluble precursors is an alternative to classical cross‐linking or orthogonal processing strategies.
Correlation structure in hierarchical linear modelling: An illustration with the therapeutic alliance
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel M. , Sousa Inês , Rosa Catarina 
Published: May 2019

Previous studies have found an association between therapeutic alliance and treatment outcome, but only recently have researchers begun to analyse time‐lagged relationships between session‐to‐session measures of alliance and outcomes with hierarchical linear modelling (HLM). HLM assumes simple correlation structures between any two measurements from the same client. In this paper, we suggest that this assumption might be problematic. Session‐to‐session measurements of outcomes (Outcome Questionnaire‐10.2) and alliance (Working Alliance Inventory) in a sample (N= 63) were used to perform HLM analyses to test time‐lagged (lag +1) relations between outcomes and alliance in both directions. A first set of analyses replicated the models consistently used in the literature, whereas a second set of models considered a correlation structure as a function of time. A correlation independent of time distance resulted in a bidirectional influence between alliance and outcomes (the model commonly used in the literature), but when considering a correlation structure as a function of time, only the outcomes were predictive of alliance. Considering a more complex correlation structure as a function of time seems to be an important analytical strategy for addressing the issue of variability in within‐client measurements over time.This study highlights how the misspecification of a statistical model, namely, not considering a time‐dependent correlation structure of the response variable, may lead to misleading findings in HLM studies. This is particularly relevant in process–outcome research, such as studies analysing the impact of therapeutic alliance on clinical outcomes.
Adaptation of CytoProcessor for cervical cancer screening of challenging slides
Authors: Crowell Elizabeth F. , Bazin Cyril , Thurotte Vianney , Elie Hubert , Jitaru Laurette , Olivier Grégoire , Caillot Yann , Brixtel Romain , Lesner Boris , Toutain Matthieu , Renouf Arnaud 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrent automated cervical cytology screening systems require purchase of a dedicated preparation machine and use of a specific staining protocol. CytoProcessor (DATEXIM, Caen, France) is a new automated system, designed to integrate seamlessly into the laboratory's existing workflow. We previously demonstrated the superior performance of CytoProcessor for diagnosis of ThinPrep slides compared to the ThinPrep Imaging System (HOLOGIC, Marlborough, MA). Next, we analyzed whether CytoProcessor technology can be adapted for use on Novaprep slides.MethodsUsing artificial intelligence, we developed a new algorithm in CytoProcessor for the analysis of slides prepared using the NOVAPREP Processor System NPS50 (Novacyt, Vélizy‐Villacoublay, France). A representative population of 309 cases was selected from the routine workflow in a public hospital. We compared the diagnoses made using CytoProcessor or conventional screening with a microscope. All discordances were resolved by a consensus committee.ResultsThe performance of CytoProcessor in terms of diagnostic accuracy on Novaprep slides was very similar to that observed previously on ThinPrep slides. Compared to conventional screening, CytoProcessor slightly improves diagnostic sensitivity while maintaining a statistically equivalent specificity. Diagnosis was reached 1.6 times faster with CytoProcessor compared to using a microscope.ConclusionCytoProcessor is a robust automated cervical cytology screening system that can be used successfully with samples having very different characteristics. As previously shown, CytoProcessor confers significant gains in processing time and diagnostic precision. CytoProcessor is accessible through a secured internet connection, making remote diagnosis of Papanicolaou tests possible.
Prominent ‘Y’ descent is an ominous sign of a poorer prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Harada Daisuke , Asanoi Hidetsugu , Noto Takahisa , Takagawa Junya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsThe heterogeneity of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents different pathophysiological paths by which individual patients develop heart failure. The deterioration mechanisms are considered to be mainly left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, right ventricular (RV) systolic function, and RV afterload. It is unclear whether RV distensibility affects the deterioration of HFpEF. Our study aimed to clarify whether impaired RV distensibility is associated with the deterioration of HFpEF.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively enrolled 322 patients with HFpEF and examined their echocardiography results, electrocardiograms, phonocardiograms, and jugular venous pulse waves. Using signal‐processing techniques, the prominent ‘Y’ descent of the jugular venous waveform was detected as an established haemodynamic sign of a less‐distensible right ventricle. We defined cardiovascular events of HFpEF as follows: sudden death, death from heart failure, or hospitalization for HFpEF. During a mean follow‐up period of 33 ± 20 months, 73 patients had cardiovascular events of HFpEF. The prevalence of a less‐distensible right ventricle and the variables of RV systolic pressure were independent risk factors for cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 2.046, P = 0.005, and hazard ratio, 1.032 per 1 mmHg, P = 0.002, respectively). The event‐free rate of HFpEF was the lowest for HFpEF with a less‐distensible right ventricle and elevated RV systolic pressure (≥35 mmHg) (P for trend <0.001).ConclusionsA less‐distensible right ventricle and elevated RV systolic pressure were found to be closely associated with the deterioration of HFpEF. Assessment of a less‐distensible right ventricle may help to stratify patients and improve therapeutic strategies for HFpEF.
Visual attention to pain cues for impending touch versus impending pain: An eye tracking study
Authors: Ling Ying , Yang Zhou , Jackson Todd 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn this eye tracking study, we evaluated pain‐related biases in orienting and maintenance of gaze within impending touch versus impending pain tasks and examined features of pain resilience as individual difference influences on potential biases.MethodsGaze preferences of healthy adults (25 women and 39 men) were assessed during standardized pain‐neutral (P‐N) image pair presentations (2,000 ms) of an impending touch task versus an impending pain task whereby image pair offsets were followed by potential non‐painful touch and potential pain stimulation, respectively.ResultsWithin each task, participants were significantly more likely to fixate first upon pain images in P‐N pairs and maintain gaze on these images for longer overall durations during trials. Between task comparisons indicated pain‐related biases in orienting and maintenance were significantly stronger when image pairs signalled potential pain rather than impending touch. Finally, within the impending pain task, higher scores on the behaviour perseverance dimension of pain resilience were related to shorter first fixation durations and overall gaze durations towards pain images.ConclusionsSupporting specific threat interpretation model premises, comparatively more threatening external pain cues for impending pain were characterized by gaze biases reflecting pronounced early attentional capture and subsequent prolonged vigilance. However, elevations in self‐reported behavioural perseverance in spite of pain corresponded to an increased capacity to disengage from pain images that signalled potential pain.SignificanceGaze biases were assessed within a comparatively benign “impending touch” paradigm versus a higher threat, impending pain task. Early capture and maintenance of gaze towards pain images were more pronounced on the latter task, although pain resilient participants were able to disengage more easily from pain images signalling possible pain.
Advances in screening enzyme inhibitors by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Wang Wei‐Feng , Yang Jun‐Li 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis (CE) has attracted lots of attention due to its simplicity, low sample consumption, low solvent volume, high resolution, and high speed. Based on these advantages, it has been widely used in enzyme inhibitor screening. There are two main operation modes on enzyme inhibitor screening: off‐line (precapillary enzyme assays) in which process CE was used as an analytical tool; online (in‐capillary enzyme assays) which combined the sample injection, mix, reaction, separation, and detection within a single run. Additionally, diverse of new materials were introduced to immobilize enzyme, which has been coupled with CE for the study of enzyme activity and its inhibitor screening. This review gives an overview of the developments and applications for the CE‐based enzyme inhibitor screening.
Investigation of deep eutectic solvents as additives to β‐CD for enantiomeric separations of Zopiclone, Salbutamol, and Amlodipine by CE
Authors: Mu Yi , Wu Xi , Huang Yan‐Ping , Liu Zhao‐Sheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe enantioseparation of chiral drugs via CE was first investigated using β‐CD as chiral additive and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as auxiliary additive. The results showed that improved separation of tested chiral drugs was obtained in the presence of DESs and β‐CD compared to the single β‐CD separation system. With the optimized condition, resolutions of DESs applied β‐CD separation system for rac‐Zopiclone, rac‐Salbutamol, and rac‐Amlodipine increased 3–4.2 times as single β‐CD separation system. The resolutions reached 4.74, 6.37, and 9.67, respectively. The results demonstrate that DESs are viable additives to CD system in CE for the separation of the chiral drugs.
A high performance fifth‐order multistep WENO scheme
Authors: Zeng Fangjun , Shen Yiqing , Liu Shengping , Liu Li 
Published: May 2019

SummaryMany efforts have been made to improve the accuracy of the conventional weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme at transition points (connecting a smooth region and a discontinuity point). This paper analyzes these works and further develops a more effective multistep WENO scheme. Theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the new scheme not only improves the accuracy by one order higher than the traditional fifth‐order WENO schemes at transition point but also maintains the fifth‐order accuracy in smooth regions even at critical point where the first derivative vanishes.
Pleistocene landslides and mammoth bone deposits: The case of Dolní Věstonice II, Czech Republic
Authors: Svoboda Jiří , Krejčí Oldřich , Krejčí Vladimíra , Dohnalová Alena , Sázelová Sandra , Wilczyński Jarosław , Wojtal Piotr 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe formation of extensive mammoth bone deposits is a characteristic feature of the large Upper Paleolithic settlements of the Moravian Gravettian (approximately 30 ky cal BP). Some of these were preferentially deposited in moist locations, possibly for reasons of hygiene and conservation. Here, we present a case of a mammoth bone deposit located in a side gully below the Dolní Věstonice II settlement, where an earlier a Pleistocene landslide temporarily created a shallow water basin. The environmental record is provided by analyses of pollen and mollusks. The structure of the osteological and archaeological assemblages suggests the use of this location as a place for storage, garbage disposal, and related activities. We suggest that the mammoth remains were transported to such places by humans either directly from nearby kill sites, or, after first selection, from the nearby settlement. We also discuss possible facilities for such transport.
The unique role of father–child numeracy activities in number competence of very young Chinese children
Authors: Liu Yingyi , Zhang Xiao , Song Zhanmei , Yang Wen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBased on a sample of 109 Hong Kong nursery children aged approximately 3 years and their parents, this study investigated how Chinese parents contributed to their very young children's mathematics achievement and disentangled mothers' and fathers' roles. Fathers and mothers were asked to independently report the frequencies of their own engagement in a range of numeracy activities with their children. Children were tested individually on their numeracy competencies. The results showed that fathers reported higher frequencies of engagement in number game activities than mothers. Further, fathers' reported use of real‐life applications to teach number knowledge was a significant predictor of their children's number knowledge above and beyond the child's age, gender, parental education, and family income. More importantly, this predictive relation was independent of mothers' effects. The findings highlight the importance of paternal involvement for very young Chinese children's number learning. Practical implications are discussed.Highlights

This study examines mother‐child and father‐child numeracy activities in relation to Chinese young children's number knowledge.
Fathers are involved in more number game activities with their children than were mothers.
Fathers' use of real‐life applications to teach number knowledge is a significant predictor of their children's number knowledge.
Framework for the adoption of e‐commerce: A case of South African retail grocery sector
Authors: Johnson Olufemi , Iyamu Tiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOver the years, the adoption and use of e‐commerce have expanded widely in different organisations across the world, influenced by its potential benefits. Conversely, in spite of the benefits that have been commonly and widely reported, there are minimal adoption and use of e‐commerce by South African businesses, specifically, in the retail sector. The causes to the limited adoption of e‐commerce in South Africa are not known. This empirical study therefore investigates the factors that influence and affect the adoption and use of e‐commerce in the mainstream retail grocery sector in South Africa. A retail organisation was selected and used as a case in the study. Actor‐network theory (ANT) was employed as a lens to guide the analysis of the qualitative data. Based on empirical evidence, the findings, which include business drivers, stock of knowledge, alliance of actors, training and skills, and assimilation of processes, were found important in the adoption and use of e‐commerce. The factors are intended to guide how adoption and use of e‐commerce are conducted in the mainstream retail grocery sector in South Africa.
A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model
Authors: Coathup Melanie , Campion Charlie , Blunn Gordon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate‐substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC‐SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press‐fit dry block. Scaffolds were identical in composition and remained in vivo for 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone‐implant contact and graft area were quantified. At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone‐implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. At 12 weeks, significantly increased bone was measured for the granules when compared with blocks and no significant difference was found when the granules and putty scaffolds were compared. Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press‐fit block composed of the same material.