bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horse owners’ knowledge, and opinions on recognising colic in the horse
Authors: Bowden A. , Burford J. H. , Brennan M. L. , England G. C. W. , Freeman S. L. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundColic is the most common emergency problem in the horse. An owner’s ability to recognise colic and seek assistance is a critical first step in determining case outcome.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess horse owners’ knowledge and opinions on recognising colic.Study designCross‐sectional study.MethodsAn online questionnaire was distributed to horse owners with open and closed questions on their knowledge of normal clinical parameters in the horse, confidence and approach to recognising colic (including assessment through case scenarios), and their demographics. Descriptive and chi squared statistical analyses were performed.ResultsThere were 1564 participants. Many respondents either did not know or provided incorrect estimates for their horse’s normal clinical parameters: only 45% (n = 693/1540) gave correct normal values for heart rate, 45% (n = 694/1541) for respiratory rate and 67% (n = 1028/1534) for rectal temperature. Knowledge of normal values was statistically associated with participants’ educational qualifications (P<0.01). Owners said if they suspected their horse had colic they would assess faecal output (76%; n = 1131/1486), gastrointestinal sounds (75%; n = 1113/1486), respiratory rate (65%; n = 967/1486) and heart rate (54%; n = 797/1486). There was a lack of consensus on whether to call a vet for behavioural signs of colic, unless the signs were severe or persistent. The majority of participants (61%) were confident that they could recognise most types of colic. In the case scenarios, 49% were confident deciding that a surgical case had colic, but 9% were confident deciding an impaction case had colic.Main limitationsMost respondents were UK based; risk of self‐selection bias for owners with previous experience of colic.ConclusionsThere was marked variation in horse owners’ recognition and responses to colic, and significant gaps in knowledge. This highlights the need for the development of accessible educational resources to support owners’ decision‐making.
Serum albumin/globulin ratio is associated with cognitive function in community‐dwelling older people: The Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study
Authors: Maeda Satomi , Takeya Yasushi , Oguro Ryosuke , Akasaka Hiroshi , Ryuno Hirochika , Kabayama Mai , Yokoyama Serina , Nagasawa Motonori , Fujimoto Taku , Takeda Masao , Onishi‐Takeya Miyuki , Itoh Norihisa , Takami Yoichi , Yamamoto Koichi , Sugimoto Ken , Inagaki Hiroki , Ogawa Madoka , Nakagawa Takeshi , Yasumoto Saori , Masui Yukie , Arai Yasumichi , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Ikebe Kazunori , Gondo Yasuyuki , Kamide Kei , Rakugi Hiromi 
Published: August 2019

AimThe objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between cognitive function and the serum albumin/globulin ratio (A/G ratio) in community‐dwelling Japanese older adults.MethodsRandomly extracted residents in both urban and rural parts of Japan were enrolled in this study. A total of 1827 participants with a mean age of 70 or 80 years were recruited. A venue survey method was carried out with comprehensive studies, including interviews, blood collection, physical examination and cognitive function tests.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the total Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score and the serum A/G ratio at the age of 70 and 80 years, in which better cognitive function was associated with a high serum A/G ratio. Multiple regression analysis with the total Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score as the dependent variable showed that the serum albumin level, serum globulin level, serum A/G ratio, C‐reactive protein, years of formal education and sex were related to the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment total score at the age of 70 years, and that the serum albumin level, serum globulin level, serum A/G ratio, C‐reactive protein, years of formal education and stroke were related at the age of 80 years. The serum A/G ratio showed a better correlation than the serum globulin levels at the age of 70 and 80 years (70 years: β = 0.131 vs –0.111, 80 years: β = 0.108 vs –0.071).ConclusionsWe found a correlation between cognitive function and the serum A/G ratio in community‐dwelling older people, suggesting that nutritional status and chronic inflammation might influence cognitive function. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 967–971.
The role of G protein‐coupled receptor‐related genes in cytochrome P450‐mediated resistance of the house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), to imidacloprid
Authors: Ma Z. , Zhang Y. , You C. , Zeng X. , Gao X. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNinety‐four putative G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) were identified in the Musca domestica genome. They were annotated and compared with their homologues in Drosophila melanogaster. Phylogenetic analyses of the GPCRs from both species revealed that several family members shared a closer relationship based on the domain architecture. The expression profiles of these genes were examined by quantitative real‐time PCR amongst three strains of the house fly, a near‐isogenic line strain with imidacloprid resistance (N‐IRS), the corresponding susceptible strain (CSS) and another strain derived from field populations with imidacloprid resistance (IRS). We found that five GPCR genes were upregulated in the N‐IRS and eight GPCR genes were upregulated in the IRS strains compared to the CSS strain. The transgenic lines of D. melanogaster with the GPCR genes (LOC101899380 in the N‐IRS strain and LOC101895664 in the IRS strain) exhibited significantly increased tolerance to imidacloprid, and higher expression of cytochrome P450 genes. Bioinformatic analysis of LOC101899380 was carried out based on its full‐length nucleic acid sequence and putative amino acid sequence, and it was named Methuselah‐like10 (Mthl10) owing to its homology with D. melanogaster Mthl10. A cell‐base cell counting kit‐8 toxicity assay demonstrated that the expression of the GPCR gene LOC101899380 in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells using a baculovirus‐mediated expression system can elevate the cell tolerance to imidacloprid, indirectly supporting the hypothesis that the GPCR gene LOC101899380 plays some role in imidacloprid resistance. These results should be useful for furthering understanding of the regulatory pathway by which house flies develop resistance.
Investigating remanufacturing competition with yield uncertainty on market share, profit, and consumer surplus
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxi , Wang Miaomiao , Pei Jun , Pardalos Panos M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRemanufacturing has been recognized both in literature and practice because of its greenness and cost saving. Since the reproduction processes could be affected by uncertain factors, remanufacturing is much more complex than producing new products. To investigate how yield uncertainty and market competition affect remanufacturing decisions, we compare the results under three classical market scenarios with random yield, that is, (a) Nash–Cournot, (b) monopoly, and (c) Stackelberg–Cournot. On comparing the expected remanufacturing scale, expected profit, and consumer surplus, it shows that as the number of remanufacturers increases, the planned collection quantity of a single remanufacturer decreases, while the total expected market output increases. Furthermore, we find that the largest expected profit and expected consumer surplus brought by market scenarios depend on a threshold remanufacturer number. We also relax the assumptions and extend our model to consider the scenario of m leaders and followers in a Stackelberg game. It is interesting to find that the first‐mover advantage in profit and market share of the leader remanufacturer would be challenged when the number of leader remanufacturers is no less than 2. The results can be potentially useful for managerial decisions and environmental administrations.
Visualization of tricuspid valve annulus for implantation of His bundle pacing in patients with symptomatic bradycardia
Authors: Gu Min , Hu Yiran , Hua Wei , Niu Hongxia , Chen Xuhua , Cai Minsi , Zhang Nixiao , Li Hui , Zhou Xiaohong , Zhang Shu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundHis bundle pacing (HBP) is a physiological pacing modality, but HBP implantation remains a challenge.ObjectiveThis study explored the feasibility of using visualization of the tricuspid valve annulus (TVA) to locate the site for HBP.MethodsDuring the lead placement in eight patients with symptomatic bradycardia, the TVA and tricuspid septal leaflet was revealed by contrast injection in the right ventricle under the fluoroscopic right anterior oblique view, and the target site for HBP was identified near the intersection of the tricuspid septal leaflet and the interventricular septum. On the basis of the imaging marker, the pacing lead was placed for HBP at either the atrial (aHBP) or ventricular side (vHBP).ResultsDuring the implantation, the pacing lead placement was attempted for aHBP in two patients, vHBP in five patients, and first for aHBP then vHBP in one patient. The aHBP was selective and had a capture threshold of 1.6 ± 0.5 V@ 1.0ms and R‐wave amplitude of 1.2 ± 0.4 mV. Ventricular‐side His bundle capture was selective in four patients and nonselective in two patients. The vHBP capture threshold was 0.8 ± 0.4 V@ 1.0ms (P < .05 vs aHBP) and R‐wave amplitude was 4.1 ± 1.5 mV (P < .05 vs aHBP). At the final pacing programming of 3.0 V@ 1.0ms, vHBP was nonselective in all six patients and aHBP remained selective in two patients. Pacing parameters remained stable at 3 months.ConclusionThe location of the TVA and tricuspid septal leaflet revealed by right ventriculography can be used as a landmark to identify the HBP site.
Relationship between glycated hemoglobin level and duration of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients treated with sulfonylureas: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Matsuoka Atsuko , Hirota Yushi , Takeda Akihiko , Kishi Minoru , Hashimoto Naoko , Ohara Takeshi , Higo Satomi , Yamada Hiroyuki , Nakamura Tomoaki , Hamaguchi Tetsushi , Takeuchi Takehito , Nakagawa Yasushi , Okada Yuko , Sakaguchi Kazuhiko , Ogawa Wataru 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionSulfonylurea‐related hypoglycemia increases the risk of cardiovascular sequela, such as cardiac arrhythmia. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the duration of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients treated with sulfonylureas.Materials and MethodsGlucose levels in the enrolled patients (n = 300) were investigated with a professional continuous glucose monitoring device in the outpatient setting at six diabetes centers in Japan.ResultsA total of 269 participants completed the study. The duration of hypoglycemia with glucose values of <54 mg/dL was significantly longer in patients with an HbA1c level of ≤6.4% than in those with an HbA1c level of ≥8.0%, and that of hypoglycemia with glucose values of <70 mg/dL was significantly longer in patients with an HbA1c level of ≤6.4%, 6.5–6.9% or 7.0–7.4% than in those with an HbA1c level of ≥8.0%. Patients with an HbA1c level of ≤6.4% were exposed to glucose values of <70 mg/dL for >10% of the time in daily life (6.8 ± 5.6 min/h). The duration of hypoglycemia with glucose values of <70 mg/dL was longer at night than during the daytime, and the nadir of glucose values occurred between 03.00 and 05.00 hours irrespective of HbA1c level. The duration of hypoglycemia was associated with the duration of diabetes and sulfonylurea dose.ConclusionsThe duration of hypoglycemia was inversely correlated with HbA1c level and was longer during the night‐time than daytime in type 2 diabetes patients treated with sulfonylureas.
Change in body composition in patients with achalasia before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Mizusawa Takeshi , Sato Hiroki , Kamimura Kenya , Hashimoto Satoru , Mizuno Ken‐ichi , Kamimura Hiroteru , Ikarashi Satoshi , Hayashi Kazunao , Takamura Masaaki , Yokoyama Junji , Terai Shuji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimPatients with achalasia experience weight loss because of dysphagia caused by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. This study aimed to use dual bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to determine the change in bodyweight and body composition in patients with achalasia before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).MethodsPatients with achalasia who underwent POEM from 2013 to 2018 (n = 72) were retrospectively analyzed for change in bodyweight before and after 3 months. Additionally, change in body composition was prospectively investigated in the final 10 of 72 patients using non‐radiation dual BIA.ResultsTwenty patients (27.8%) were underweight (body mass index < 18.5) before undergoing POEM. No clinical parameters were identified to be associated with the underweight condition before POEM and be predictive of an increase in bodyweight after POEM. Low visceral fat volume observed on dual BIA correlated closely with the result obtained using computed tomography (Pearson correlation coefficient: r = 0.850, P < 0.01). Patients with achalasia had a statistically significant increase in visceral (P < 0.01) and subcutaneous fat volumes (P < 0.01) after POEM. Skeletal muscle mass index slightly increased (P = 0.02), although the value after POEM was still low. No blood biomarkers were indicators for low bodyweight or low visceral fat volume.ConclusionsDual BIA is an effective non‐invasive tool to evaluate the change in body composition of underweight patients with achalasia. Skeletal muscle volume was not enough after POEM, although a rapid increase in the intra‐abdominal fat volume was observed. Additional studies are warranted to understand the pathological implications.
Distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor‐β1, platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease‐9 in advanced platelet‐rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor matrices
Authors: Takahashi Akira , Tsujino Tetsuhiro , Yamaguchi Sadahiro , Isobe Kazushige , Watanabe Taisuke , Kitamura Yutaka , Okuda Kazuhiro , Nakata Koh , Kawase Tomoyuki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimPlatelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) matrices are compared with regard to their ability to retain and release growth factors. Although this ability is thought to influence regenerative outcomes, it remains unclear how it is regulated. To address this question, we compared advanced PRF (A‐PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) matrices in terms of distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor‐β1, platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease‐9 (MMP9).MethodsBlood samples were obtained in glass tubes and immediately centrifuged to prepare A‐PRF or CGF matrix according to their specific protocols. Both matrices were compressed, embedded in paraffin and subjected to immunohistochemical examination.ResultsLeukocytes and plasma proteins were localized on the distal surface including the interface corresponding to buffy coat. In A‐PRF, platelets were distributed homogenously, while growth factors and fibronectin were localized on the proximal surface and MMP9 was mainly colocalized with leukocytes. In CGF, in contrast, platelets were localized on and below the distal surface like leukocytes, growth factors were diffused homogenously and MMP9 was found in the plasma protein layers.ConclusionAlthough these preparations do not allow accurate quantification, platelet counts and growth factor levels seemed higher and leukocytes were less activated in A‐PRF. This may explain A‐PRF’s higher ability to release growth factors.
Telomeric association between chromosomes Y and 19 in a mosaic Turner with primary ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Barnabas Linda C. , Shankar Kundavi , Kar Bibhas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA rare case of telomeric association between Y and 19 chromosomes in a 24‐year‐old patient with primary ovarian insufficiency is being reported. Clinical evaluation revealed a webbed neck, high‐arched palate and short stature with absence of axillary hair. Small uterus and streak gonads were noted on pelvic ultrasonography. Cytogenetic analysis showed a mosaic karyotype 46,X,tas(Y;19)(p11.3;q13.4)/45,X with two centromeres on the derivative chromosome. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for X and Y centromere, SRY gene and subtelomeric FISH showed that signals for SRY and heterochromatin of Y chromosome were found at the base of chromosome 19 and the subtelomere regions of 19q and Yp were intact. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was done to check for common microdeletions in AZF region and showed no microdeletion. Due to the presence of Y chromosome, laparoscopic examination followed by gonadal histopathology was done and confirmed the presence of ovotestes. Gonadectomy was performed to avoid future risk of gonadoblastoma. Artificial reproductive techniques using donor oocytes was suggested to the couple.
Association between spontaneous ovulation and serum anti‐Müllerian hormone levels in a premature ovarian insufficiency patient after a multimodal treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Wakimoto Yu , Fukui Atushi , Wakimoto Goh , Ikezawa Yuji , Matsuoka Michie , Omote Maya , Sugiyama Yukiko , Ukita Yuji , Kato Toru , Shibahara Hiroaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe high toxicity of chemotherapy can damage a patient's gonadal function, leading to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Here, we report the case of a patient suffering from POI after chemotherapy for breast cancer, who 3 years later ovulated spontaneously and became pregnant. The patient, a 31‐year‐old infertile women, nulligravida, was diagnosed with breast cancer. The Anti‐Müllerian Hormone (AMH) level in her serum was 1.85 ng/mL before multimodal treatment for cancer. She later visited our hospital for amenorrhea and 2 years after cancer treatment, she was diagnosed with POI. Her AMH level at that point was less than 0.1 ng/mL. One year after the diagnosis of POI, the patient's AMH level increased slightly to 0.14 ng/mL and she ovulated spontaneously. The patient later became pregnant using Assisted Reproductive Technology on the fourth attempt.During the course of treatment for infertility at our hospital, the AMH levels in her serum changed along with the recovery of ovarian function. These findings suggest the possibility that ovulation and pregnancy could be predicted by the chronological changes of the AMH levels in the patient's serum.
The impact of language borders on the spatial decay of agglomeration and competition spillovers
Authors: Mantegazzi Daniele , McCann Philip , Venhorst Viktor 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere is now strong evidence that “soft” institutions are interrelated with the working of the economy. For example, in a geographical setting there is evidence that language borders affect interpersonal relationships, but there is no equivalent evidence regarding the effects of language borders on agglomeration or competition spillovers. This paper examines whether language affects the geographical extension of agglomeration and competition spillovers by observing the geography of employment patterns in a linguistically discontinuous setting. Our findings, for the first time, provide empirical evidence that language borders shape the distance decay of competition spillovers, independent of governance, and institutional issues.
Exploring associations between adverse childhood experiences and oral health among children and adolescents
Authors: Crouch Elizabeth , Nelson Joni , Radcliff Elizabeth , Martin Amy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this article is to examine the association between preventive dental care and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and the association between tooth decay and ACEs, controlling for preventive dental care.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with a sample of 33,395 respondents from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative sample of US children. Sociodemographic information, ACE questions, and oral health and health‐care utilization information were used. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multivariable regression models were performed.ResultsChildren with four or more ACEs were less likely to have a preventive dental visit than children with less than four ACEs (79.7 percent versus 88.7 percent, P < 0.0001). Children with four or more ACEs were more likely to have tooth decay (26.7 percent versus 12.5 percent, P < 0.0001) than their counterparts. Children exposed to four or more ACEs had lower odds of receiving preventive dental visits than children exposed to less than four ACEs (aOR 0.67; 95 percent CI 0.50–0.89). Children with four or more ACEs had higher odds of decayed teeth than children exposed to fewer than four ACEs (aOR 2.08; 95 percent CI 1.61–2.70), even after controlling for preventive dental care.ConclusionsPediatricians, dental hygienists, and dentists need to be aware of how childhood trauma may hinder both caregivers and children from engaging in preventive oral health care or dental treatment. The information provided in our study can inform policies and programs that support children's oral health, through the identification and mitigation of childhood trauma.
Short‐course amphotericin B in addition to sertraline and fluconazole for treatment of HIV‐associated cryptococcal meningitis in rural Tanzania
Authors: Katende Andrew , Mbwanji Gladys , Faini Diana , Nyuri Amina , Kalinjuma Aneth Vedastus , Mnzava Dorcas , Hullsiek Katherine H. , Rhein Joshua , Weisser Maja , Meya David B. , Boulware David R. , Letang Emilio ,   the KIULARCO Study Group
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundCryptococcal meningitis accounts for 15% of all AIDS mortality globally. Most cases in low‐ and middle‐income countries are treated with fluconazole monotherapy, which is associated with a high mortality. New available therapies are needed. Short‐course amphotericin B has been shown to be a safe and efficient therapeutic option. Sertraline has in vitro fungicidal activity against Cryptococcus and bi‐directional synergy with fluconazole.MethodsWe conducted an open‐label clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of sertraline 400 mg/day and fluconazole 1200 mg/day (n = 28) vs sertraline, fluconazole and additional 5 days of amphotericin B deoxycholate 0.7‐1 mg/kg (n = 18) for cryptococcal meningitis.ResultsTwo‐week survival was 64% (18/28) without amphotericin and 89% (16/18) with amphotericin, and 10‐week survival was 21% (6/28) vs 61% (11/18), respectively (P = .012). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Cryptococcus clearance rate was 0.264 log10 colony‐forming units (CFU)/mL of CSF/day (95% CI: 0.112‐0.416) without amphotericin and 0.473 log10 CFU/mL/day (95% CI: 0.344‐0.60) with short‐course amphotericin (P = .03). Sertraline was discontinued in one participant due to side effects. Four participants receiving amphotericin B experienced hypokalemia <2.4 mEq/L.ConclusionsShort‐course amphotericin substantially increased CSF clearance and 10‐week survival. Adjunctive sertraline improved 2‐week CSF fungal clearance but did not improve 10‐week mortality compared with published data using fluconazole 1200 mg/day monotherapy (early fungicidal activity 0.15 log10 CFU/mL/day).