bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CSR through social media: examining the intervening factors
Authors: S. Sreejesh , Sarkar Juhi Gahlot , Sarkar Abhigyan 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the casual role of consumers’ perceptions of brands’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) motives (self-serving vs society-serving) in influencing consumer–brand relationships. Further, the authors explore the roles of brand initiated CSR activities (e.g. CSR co-creation), social media characteristics (e.g. media richness) and consumer’s community identification in shaping the effect of perceived CSR motive on consumer–brand relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
A 2 (CSR motives: self-oriented vs society-oriented) × 2 (CSR co-creation: yes vs no) × 2 (media richness: high vs low) between-subjects experimental design is employed.

Findings
The results elucidate that when consumers perceive that CSR is for self-serving (vs society-serving) motive, allowing consumers to co-create CSR in a high media-rich virtual platform enhances consumer–brand relationship quality. In addition, the results also support that the interactions of perceived CSR motives, co-creation and media richness enhance consumer–brand relationship through the mediation of community identification.

Originality/value
The current study draws implications for effective CSR co-creation through rich social media platforms, so as to enhance consumer–brand relationship quality via creating community identification.
An intensive study on the AC impedance mechanism of (AgPO3)1-x(Ag2SO4)x ionic glass systems under various conditions
Authors: Alkhazali Atif , Etier Morad , Aljarrah Mohammad , Alsukker Akram , Salman Fathy 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the considerable Ag2SO4 content on the electrical and dielectric properties of (AgPO3)1−x(Ag2SO4)x ion glass system as well as to extract thermodynamic parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
Glass samples of (AgPO3)1-x(Ag2SO4)x with different mole ratios of Ag2SO4 [x = 0.00, 0.10,0.15,0.20 and 0.25] have been synthesized and used. X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis were used to investigate structural and thermal properties, and then the electrical characterizations of the bulk glasses were performed in different frequency and temperature range.

Findings
For different ratios of Ag2SO4 on AgPO3, the bulk conductivity is enhanced with increasing the amount of Ag2SO4 until the composition of x = 0.20, after which the conductivity decreases. The general behavior of both ε’ and ε” decreases with increasing frequency and increases with increasing temperature. Complex impedance analysis studied by Z‘−Z’ and Cole–Cole plot at different temperatures revealed that bulk resistance decreases with temperature.

Originality/value
The calculated values of activation free energy, enthalpy and entropy change for different compositions of (AgPO3)1-x(Ag2SO4)x showed an increase in activation energy and enthalpy when Ag2SO4 ratio is increased in (AgPO3)1-x(Ag2SO4)x composition up to 20%, and then there is a decrease in their values at x = 25%, which may be explained based on non-bridging oxygen.
Development and motion control of spatial serial robotic manipulator under varying disturbances
Authors: Epenetus Alex Barre , CS Meera , Mohan Santhakumar , Gupta Mukul Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Key challenges in evaluating the performance of a robotic manipulator are disturbances that rise internally and externally. Effects of non-linear disturbances like varying payload and joint friction can adversely affect the tracking performance in a robotic manipulator. This paper aims to discuss motion control of a three-link spatial manipulator using a computed torque observer-based control technique.

Design/methodology/approach
The overall motion control problem consists of derivation of kinematic and dynamic model of the manipulator followed by the control design to achieve desired manipulator response. In this study, the manipulator is subjected to uncertain varying load disturbances. The proposed motion controller compensates the effect of the disturbances and guarantees the convergence of tracking error to steady state value.

Findings
One major advantage of using observer-based control is positioning accuracy with robustness to parameter uncertainty and fast dynamics response. The performance of the proposed control technique is validated through real-time experiments conducted on the manipulator. The experiment results confirm the superior performance of the control system in achieving perfect tracking.

Originality/value
This paper demonstrates an observer-based control technique over a serial spatial manipulator which can be applied different robotic configurations under the effect of varying disturbances.
Demographic plasticity facilitates ecological and economic resilience in a commercially important reef fish
Authors: Taylor Brett M. , Choat John Howard , DeMartini Edward E. , Hoey Andrew S. , Marshell Alyssa , Priest Mark A. , Rhodes Kevin L. , Meekan Mark G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Variation in life‐history characteristics is evident within and across animal populations. Such variation is mediated by environmental gradients and reflects metabolic constraints or trade‐offs that enhance reproductive outputs. While generalizations of life‐history relationships across species provide a framework for predicting vulnerability to overexploitation, deciphering patterns of intraspecific variation may also enable recognition of peculiar features of populations that facilitate ecological resilience.

This study combines age‐based biological data from geographically disparate populations of bluespine unicornfish (Naso unicornis)—the most commercially valuable reef‐associated species in the insular Indo‐Pacific—to explore the magnitude and drivers of variation in life span and examine the mechanisms enabling peculiar mortality schedules.

Longevity and mortality schedules were investigated across eleven locations encompassing a range of latitudes and exploitation levels. The presence of different growth types was examined using back‐calculated growth histories from otoliths. Growth‐type‐dependent mortality (mortality rates associated with particular growth trajectories) was corroborated using population models that incorporated size‐dependent competition.

We found a threefold geographic variation in life span that was strongly linked to temperature, but not to anthropogenic pressure or ocean productivity. All populations consistently displayed a two‐phase mortality schedule, with higher than expected natural mortality rates in earlier stages of post‐settlement life. Reconstructed growth histories and population models demonstrated that variable growth types within populations can yield this peculiar biphasic mortality schedule, where fast growers enjoy early reproductive outputs at the expense of greater mortality, and benefits for slow growers derive from extended reproductive outputs over a greater number of annual cycles. This promotes population resilience because individuals can take advantage of cycles of environmental change operating at both short‐ and long‐term scales.

Our results highlight a prevailing, fundamental misperception when comparing the life histories of long‐lived tropical ectotherms: the seemingly incongruent combination of extended life spans with high mortality rates was enabled by coexistence of variable growth types in a population. Thus, a demographic profile incorporating contrasting growth and mortality strategies obscures the demographic effects of harvest across space or time in N. unicornis and possibly other ectotherms with the combination of longevity and asymptotic growth.
Testing the benefits of conservation set‐asides for improved habitat connectivity in tropical agricultural landscapes
Authors: Scriven Sarah A. , Carlson Kimberly M. , Hodgson Jenny A. , McClean Colin J. , Heilmayr Robert , Lucey Jennifer M. , Hill Jane K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Habitat connectivity is important for tropical biodiversity conservation. Expansion of commodity crops, such as oil palm, fragments natural habitat areas, and strategies are needed to improve habitat connectivity in agricultural landscapes. The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) voluntary certification system requires that growers identify and conserve forest patches identified as High Conservation Value Areas (HCVAs) before oil palm plantations can be certified as sustainable. We assessed the potential benefits of these conservation set‐asides for forest connectivity.

We mapped HCVAs and quantified their forest cover in 2015. To assess their contribution to forest connectivity, we modelled range expansion of forest‐dependent populations with five dispersal abilities spanning those representative of poor dispersers (e.g. flightless insects) to more mobile species (e.g. large birds or bats) across 70 plantation landscapes in Borneo.

Because only 21% of HCVA area was forested in 2015, these conservation set‐asides currently provide few connectivity benefits. Compared to a scenario where HCVAs contain no forest (i.e. a no‐RSPO scenario), current HCVAs improved connectivity by ~3% across all dispersal abilities. However, if HCVAs were fully reforested, then overall landscape connectivity could improve by ~16%. Reforestation of HCVAs had the greatest benefit for poor to intermediate dispersers (0.5–3 km per generation), generating landscapes that were up to 2.7 times better connected than landscapes without HCVAs. By contrast, connectivity benefits of HCVAs were low for highly mobile populations under current and reforestation scenarios, because range expansion of these populations was generally successful regardless of the amount of forest cover.

Synthesis and applications. The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) requires that High Conservation Value Areas (HCVAs) be set aside to conserve biodiversity, but HCVAs currently provide few connectivity benefits because they contain relatively little forest. However, reforested HCVAs have the potential to improve landscape connectivity for some forest species (e.g. winged insects), and we recommend active management by plantation companies to improve forest quality of degraded HCVAs (e.g. by enrichment planting). Future revisions to the RSPO's Principles and Criteria should also ensure that large (i.e. with a core area >2 km2) HCVAs are reconnected to continuous tracts of forest to maximize their connectivity benefits.
Galanin receptors activation modulates myocardial metabolic and antioxidant responses to ischaemia/reperfusion stress
Authors: Studneva Irina , Serebryakova Larisa , Veselova Oksana , Pal'keeva Marina , Molokoedov Alexander , Ovchinnikov Michael , Konovalova Galina , Lankin Vadim , Sidorova Maria , Pisarenko Oleg 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms of protective action of the neuropeptide galanin and its N‐terminal fragments against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain obscure. The aim of this work was to study effects of a novel peptide agonist of galanin receptors [βAla14, His15]‐galanin (2‐15) (G1) and the full‐length galanin (G2) on energy and antioxidant status of the heart with acute infarction. The peptides were synthesized by the automatic solid phase method using Fmoc technology. Their structure was identified by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. Experiments were performed on anaesthetized open‐chest rats subjected to myocardial regional ischaemia and reperfusion. Intravenous (iv) administration of optimal doses of peptides G1 and G2 (1.0 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, at the onset of reperfusion significantly reduced infarct size (on average by 40% compared with control) and the plasma activity of creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). These effects were associated with augmented preservation of aerobic energy metabolism, increased activity of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn‐SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and decreased lipid peroxidation in the area at risk (AAR) at the end of reperfusion. Peptide G1 showed more efficient recovery of the majority of metabolic and antioxidant parameters. The results provide evidence that the galaninergic system can be considered a promising target to reduce energy dysregulation and oxidative damage in myocardial I/R injury.
Suppression of the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells by ST7L occurs through inhibition of activation of Wnt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signalling
Authors: Wang Hua , Sun Lei , Jiang Jue , Yu Shanshan , Zhou Qi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEmerging evidence has indicated that suppression of tumorigenicity 7‐like (ST7L) is a tumour suppressor in multiple types of cancers. However, the functional involvement of ST7L has not been studied in breast cancer. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential biological function of ST7L in breast cancer. Herein, we found that ST7L expression was frequently downregulated in breast cancer cell lines. Functional assays revealed that ST7L overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells, while ST7L silencing showed opposite effect. Notably, ST7L was found to decrease glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)‐3β phosphorylation and downregulate active β‐catenin protein expression, thereby leading to repression of β‐catenin transcriptional activity. Activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling by treatment of GSK‐3β inhibitor significantly abrogated ST7L‐mediated antitumour effect. Additionally, ST7L overexpression blunted the tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells in vivo in xenograft mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ST7L exerts antitumor function in breast cancer associated with the suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling, suggesting ST7L as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Free Expression, Pre‐Crime and Counter‐Terrorism Legislation
Authors: Stoughton Corey 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines the Counter‐Terrorism and Border Security Act 2019 and how this new piece of legislation undermines fundamental human rights, including those protected in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). It considers in particular how the new act criminalises behaviour with a wide sweep, to include behaviour that is not in itself criminal, but might be indicative of future criminal intent. As a result, the act restricts the right to freedom of speech and to liberty in a manner that is neither necessary nor proportionate.
Novel application of approaches to predicting medication adherence using medical claims data
Authors: Zullig Leah L. , Jazowski Shelley A. , Wang Tracy Y. , Hellkamp Anne , Wojdyla Daniel , Thomas Laine , Egbuonu‐Davis Lisa , Beal Anne , Bosworth Hayden B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare predictive analytic approaches to characterize medication nonadherence and determine under which circumstances each method may be best applied.Data Sources/Study SettingMedicare Parts A, B, and D claims from 2007 to 2013.Study DesignWe evaluated three statistical techniques to predict statin adherence (proportion of days covered [PDC ≥ 80 percent]) in the year following discharge: standard logistic regression with backward selection of covariates, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and random forest. We used the C‐index to assess model discrimination and decile plots comparing predicted values to observed event rates to evaluate model performance.Data ExtractionWe identified 11 969 beneficiaries with an acute myocardial infarction (MI)‐related admission from 2007 to 2012, who filled a statin prescription at, or shortly after, discharge.Principal FindingsIn all models, prior statin use was the most important predictor of future adherence (OR = 3.65, 95% CI: 3.34‐3.98; OR = 3.55). Although the LASSO regression model selected nearly 90 percent of all candidate predictors, all three analytic approaches had moderate discrimination (C‐index ranging from 0.664 to 0.673).ConclusionsAlthough none of the models emerged as clearly superior, predictive analytics could proactively determine which patients are at risk of nonadherence, thus allowing for timely engagement in adherence‐improving interventions.
Analysis of 2,4‐Dinitrophenol in Postmortem Blood and Urine by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Method Development and Validation and Report of Three Fatalities in the United States
Authors: Geraldo de Campos Eduardo , Fogarty Melissa , Spinosa De Martinis Bruno , Kerr Logan Barry 
Published: August 2019

Abstract2,4‐dinitrophenol (2,4‐DNP) is a compound used in the early 1900s as a weight‐loss drug but later prohibited due to its severe adverse effects, including death. It has however been attracting interest, due to its weight‐loss properties, and appears to be re‐emerging in forensic casework. As 2,4‐DNP is available for use in industry and as a pesticide and easily accessible online, the dissemination of this drug can be fast. The compound exerts its effects through inhibition of ATP synthesis, and corresponding thermogenic energy loss which can be fatal. A method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of 2,4‐DNP in blood and urine specimens using GC‐MS with hydrogen as carrier gas is described. The method was validated and displayed acceptable performance parameters with linearity (R2 higher than 0.998), inter‐assay imprecision (lower than 10.6%), intra‐assay imprecision (lower than 10.7%), and extraction efficiency (92.1%). Stability of 2,4‐DNP in blood and urine was studied, and the drug was stable up to 30 days refrigeration or frozen. Six cases in United States suspected to be related to 2,4‐DNP were analyzed. Three cases were found to be positive for 2,4‐DNP. Concentrations of 2,4‐DNP were in the range of 61.6–220 mg/L in urine and <3–114 mg/L in blood. Based on our findings, we suggest that medical examiners and forensic toxicologists be aware of the reappearance of 2,4‐DNP, including this compound as a target in death investigations related to weight‐loss drugs.
Initiating buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder during short‐term in‐patient ‘detoxification’: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Stein Michael , Herman Debra , Conti Micah , Anderson Bradley , Bailey Genie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe effectiveness of linking people from short‐term in‐patient managed withdrawal programs (‘detoxification’) to long‐term, primary care‐based buprenorphine is unknown. We tested whether buprenorphine initiation during an opioid withdrawal program and linkage to office‐based buprenorphine (LINK) after discharge would increase engagement with office‐based buprenorphine and decrease illicit opioid use during the ensuing 6 months compared with standard withdrawal management (WM).DesignSingle‐site randomized controlled trial.SettingShort‐term in‐patient detoxification program in Massachusetts, USA.ParticipantsPeople with opioid use disorder (n = 115) who averaged 32.4 years of age, 68.2% male, 79.1% white, using illicit opioids on 27.3 of the last 30 days, were randomly assigned to WM (n = 59) versus LINK (n = 56).Intervention and comparatorIntervention was buprenorphine induction, in‐patient dose stabilization and post‐discharge transition to maintenance buprenorphine at an affiliated primary care clinic (LINK). Comparator was 5‐day buprenorphine managed withdrawal protocol (WM).MeasurementsMean 30‐day rate of use of illicit opioids (primary aim) and prescribed buprenorphine (secondary aim) at 1, 3 and 6 months.FindingsCompared with WM, participants in the LINK condition had lower illicit opioid use rates at days 12 [b = −6.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = –9.69; −3.92, P < 0.001], 35 (b = −8.55, 95% CI – 11.63; −5.47, P < 0.001), 95 (b = −7.34, 95% CI = –10.59; −4.11, P < 0.001) and 185 (b = −3.52, 95% CI = –7.07; 0.27, P = 0.052). The LINK arm had higher prescription buprenorphine use rates (P < 0.001) at all assessments.ConclusionsAmong people with opioid use disorder, initiation of, and linkage to, office‐based buprenorphine treatment post‐discharge reduced illicit opioid use and increased days of buprenorphine treatment for up to 6 months post‐discharge compared with an in‐patient detoxification protocol.
The adequacy of Victoria's protected areas for conserving its forest‐dependent fauna
Authors: Taylor Chris , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNetworks of protected areas are a key component of efforts to conserve biodiversity. However, there are concerns about an uncritical focus on the percentage area of reserves without an assessment of how well formal reserves are actually protecting biodiversity. In response, we completed a spatial analysis of the formal reserve system in the Australian state of Victoria. We quantified how well the reserve system captured a crude surrogate for vegetation communities (viz: Ecological Vegetation Classes) as well as distribution models for an array of threatened forest‐dependent species. We found evidence of a high degree of overlap between areas subject to intensive forestry (clearcutting) operations and the modelled distribution of a suite of forest‐dependent species. A key outcome of our study was that areas around sites subject to past logging as well as new areas proposed for logging under the Timber Release Plan in Victoria had significantly higher values for threatened forest‐dependent species (as determined by habitat distribution models) than areas that had not been logged. We found significant differences in the spatial characteristics of the dedicated reserve systems and informal protected area networks, with the latter featuring much of its area close to a tenure boundary where logging occurs. Our empirical analyses demonstrating the impacts of ongoing logging operations on areas with high environmental suitability for threatened species have important implications. In particular, the current reserve system is inadequate for a suite of forest‐dependent taxa, including critically endangered Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) and the vulnerable Greater Glider (Petauroides volans). This suggests a high degree of conflict between areas of high value for conservation and areas targeted for wood production.
Synoptic reporting in Mohs micrographic surgery
Authors: Cabrera Samantha , Smith Saxon , Ryman William 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere is currently no standardised reporting format for Mohs surgery with its operation reports mostly written in a narrative form making them prone to unintentional errors and omission of necessary data. Synoptic histology reporting is used to describe excised skin cancers such as melanomas and, more recently, squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas. Since Mohs surgery is utilised as the gold standard treatment for locally invasive squamous and basal cell carcinomas, we propose the use of our model of synoptic reporting to ensure the completeness and consistency of Mohs surgery operation reports.