bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide association study for plasma very low‐density lipoprotein concentration in chicken
Authors: Zhang Hui , Shen Linyong , Li Yumao , Xu Zichun , Zhang Xinyang , Yu Jiaqiang , Cao Zhiping , Luan Peng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe plasma very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration is an effective blood biochemical indicator that could be used to select lean chicken lines. In the current study, we used Genome‐wide association study (GWAS) method to detect SNPs with significant effects on plasma VLDL concentration. As a result, 38 SNPs significantly associated with plasma VLDL concentration were identified using at least one of the three mixed linear model (MLM) packages, including GRAMMAR, EMMAX and GEMMA. Nearly, all these SNPs with significant effects on plasma VLDL concentration (except Gga_rs16160897) have significantly different allele frequencies between lean and fat lines. The 1‐Mb regions surrounding these 38 SNPs were extracted, and twelve important regions were obtained after combining the overlaps. A total of 122 genes in these twelve important regions were detected. Among these genes, LRRK2, ABCD2, TLR4, E2F1, SUGP1, NCAN, KLF2 and RAB8A were identified as important genes for plasma VLDL concentration based on their basic functions. The results of this study may supply useful information to select lean chicken lines.
Where ichthyofaunal provinces meet: the fish fauna of the Lake Edward system, East Africa
Authors: Decru Eva , Vranken Nathan , Bragança Pedro H. N. , Snoeks Jos , Van Steenberge Maarten 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBased on literature, museum collections and three recent expeditions, an annotated species list of the Lake Edward, East Africa, drainage system is presented, excluding the endemic haplochromines. A total of 34 non‐Haplochromisspecies belonging to 10 families and 21 genera are recorded from the system. Three of these are endemic and two others have been introduced in the region. Six species are new records for the Lake Edward system. A species accumulation curve indicates that we probably covered most of the non‐Haplochromisspecies in the area sampled during the recent expeditions, but undetected species might still be present in the Congolese part of the system, which is poorly sampled. A comparison of the species list with those of neighbouring basins confirmed the placement of the Lake Edward system within the east‐coast ichthyofaunal province.
Enteromius pinnimaculatus sp. nov. (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from southern Gabon
Authors: Mipounga Hans Kevin , Cutler Joseph , Mve Beh Jean Hervé , Adam Benjamin , Sidlauskas Brian L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe present and describe a new species of Enteromius, adding to the 16 species of Enteromius currently recorded from Gabon, West Africa. This new species is distinguished from all other Gabonese Enteromius by the presence of several distinct spots on the dorsal fin in combination with three or four round spots on the flanks. In Africa, it is superficially similar to Enteromius walkeri and with which it shares an unusual allometry in that the proportional length of the barbels decreases as the fish grows. Nevertheless, one can distinguish these species by vertebral number, maximum standard length, the length of the anterior barbels, the length of the caudal peduncle and in most specimens, the number of lateral‐line and circumpeduncular scales. These two species also inhabit widely separated drainages, with E. walkeri occurring in coastal drainages of Ghana including the Pra and Ankobra Rivers and the new species occurring in tributaries of the Louetsi and Bibaka Rivers of Gabon, which are part of the Ogowe and Nyanga drainages, respectively. Despite extensive collections in those drainages the new species is known from only two localities, suggesting the importance of conservation of its known habitat.
The hidden companion of non‐native fishes in north‐east Atlantic waters
Authors: Rodríguez Helena , Bañón Rafael , Ramilo Andrea 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA tropicalization phenomenon of ichthyofauna has been described in the last decades in Galicia (north‐eastern Atlantic), with increasing reports of tropical and subtropical fishes appearing northward this distribution range. A search for parasites was carried out in the digestive tract of two specimens first captured in Galician waters: the prickly pufferEphippion guttifer(Tetraodontidae) and the African stripped gruntParapristipoma octolineatum(Haemulidae). Examination ofE. guttifershowed high intensity of nematodes, from three different genera:Cucullanus(Cucullanidae),Hysterothylacium(Raphidascaridae) andAnisakis(Anisakidae), with demonstrated pathogenicity to humans. Molecular identification allowed the identification ofAnisakis pegreffii, already described in the area, and first reports for European waters ofCucullanus dodsworthi,Hysterothylacium reliquensand a newHysterothylaciumsp. P. octolineatumshowed a far lower level of parasitization, with twoHysterothylaciumlarvae, genetically identified asHysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum, also its first report in the eastern Atlantic. Thus, possible ecological impact of the occurrence of two non‐native individual fishes in a new area could be remarkably higher if we see this issue through the lens of the parasitological perspective, as far as only two individual fish can harbour more of one hundred nematode parasites belonging to different species, most of them also new species for that area.
Overlap in disease concept of functional esophageal disorders and minor esophageal motility disorders
Authors: Sato Hiroki , Takahashi Kazuya , Mizuno Ken‐ichi , Hashimoto Satoru , Kawata Yuzo , Mizusawa Takeshi , Tominaga Kentaro , Yokoyama Junji , Terai Shuji 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimFunctional gastrointestinal disorders are the most common disorders in gastroenterology and are currently considered as gut–brain interaction disorders with multiple related factors including motility disturbance. However, high‐resolution manometry (HRM) had revealed a new disease concept known as minor esophageal motility disorders. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between functional esophageal disorders (FEDs) and minor esophageal motility disorders.MethodsFunctional esophageal disorders were diagnosed using upper endoscopy, pH monitoring, and HRM, to exclude achalasia, esophago‐gastric junction outflow obstruction, and other major esophageal motility disorders. FEDs with or without minor esophageal motility disorders were compared using the Chicago classification.ResultsTwelve healthy volunteers also subjected to HRM showed no minor esophageal motility disorders. Of the 40 patients with FEDs, 15 (37.5%) were diagnosed with minor esophageal motility disorders. Characteristics were not different between patients with and without minor esophageal motility disorders (sex: P = 0.609, age: P = 0.054, body mass index: P = 0.137, and presence of psychiatric disorders: P = 0.404). The type and location of symptoms were not related to the comorbidity rate of minor esophageal motility disorders (P = 0.744 and 0.094). No patients with FEDs developed major esophageal motility disorders.ConclusionsMinor esophageal motility disorders were frequently observed in FEDs, but the causal relationship between esophageal symptoms remains unclear. The disease concepts of FEDs and minor esophageal motility disorders are considered to overlap and are both independent of major esophageal motility disorders.
Getting by with a little help from my friends: siblings report on the amount of informal support received by adults with disabilities
Authors: Sanderson K. A. , Burke M. M. , Urbano R. C. , Arnold C. K. , Hodapp R. M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundGiven decreased formal supports for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in many industrialised countries, we need to know more about informal, or natural, supports.MethodAdult siblings (N = 632) responded to a web‐based survey about the informal supports received by their brothers/sisters with IDDs.ResultsInformal support was organised by the life domains of recreation, employment and housing. Adults with IDDs received the most extensive informal support in recreation and the least extensive in housing; low levels characterised all domains. Individuals with greater numbers of supporters in a domain experienced higher levels of support, as did those residing with family and who received more state‐supported, formal benefits.ConclusionsUnpaid, informal supports supplement the support needs of adults with IDDs. Connections between formal and informal supports for adults with IDDs need to be examined further.
Synergic effect of plasma exeresis and non–cross‐linked low and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to improve neck skin laxities
Authors: Paganelli Alessia , Mandel Victor Desmond , Pellacani Giovanni , Rossi Elena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundMany therapeutic options are today available for neck aging, but little evidence exists about the efficacy of combining such procedures. Nonsurgical treatment of neck laxities and wrinkles is often preferred by patients, and combined strategies are nowadays emerging as the standard of care. Both plasma exeresis and hyaluronic acid (HA) injection are two emerging techniques in this setting.AimsTo investigate the synergic effect of plasma exeresis and non–cross‐linked HA injection, in stabilized hybrid complex of low and high molecular weight, in terms of both tolerability (assessed using VAS scale of pain) and improvement of neck skin laxities, according to the GAIS score assigned by patients and clinicians.Patients/MethodsTen consecutive patients with signs of neck skin laxities (≥ type 3 according to the Glogau wrinkle scale) aged between 35 and 65 years were enrolled in our study. Two treatment sessions were performed. During the first session, both plasma exeresis and HA injection were performed. Patients were re‐evauated after 30 days, and HA injection in the wrinkles of the neck was repeated. After 30 days from the second treatment session, a follow‐up visit was performed to assess global efficacy of the two‐step combined treatment and to monitor eventual long‐term side effects.ResultsA GAIS score of 1 or 2 was present in 90% of the treated cases, according to both patients and clinicians. Mean VAS value for pain was 2.4/10. Minor side effects such as erythema and/or edema were transient and completely resolved. No major adverse events were observed.ConclusionsWe strongly encourage the combined treatment with plasma exeresis and non–cross‐linked HA injection for its promising remodeling effects in the field of neck rejuvenation.
CT Angiography in Occlusion Assessment of Intracranial Aneurysms Treated with the WEB Device
Authors: Ozpeynirci Yigit , Braun Michael , Schmitz Bernd 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSECapabilities of CTA for evaluation of intracranial aneurysms treated with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) system has not been thoroughly studied yet. Our aim is to compare the ability of CTA to that of DSA to depict the occlusion status of aneurysms treated with WEB device and present the level of reproducibility of results from CTA.METHODSPatients with intracranial aneurysm treated only with the WEB device and having a CTA and a DSA during the same hospital stay were included. Aneurysm occlusion was evaluated by two methods: a simplified binomial system grading as either adequate occlusion (complete occlusion or neck remnant) or aneurysm remnant and a four‐grade scale. Interobserver and intermodality agreement were determined using the κ statistic. Using DSA as a reference test, the diagnostic capabilities of CTA were calculated.RESULTSSixteen patients with 16 aneurysms were included. Interobserver agreement was fair for DSA (κ = .26) and good for CTA (κ = .78) using the four‐grade scale, and moderate for DSA (κ = .44) and good for CTA (κ = .63) using the binomial scale. CTA and DSA were in agreement in 15 of 16 aneurysms (93.75%) using the binomial scale meaning good intermodality agreement for aneurysm remnant detection (κ = .63). Sensitivity of CTA for detection of an aneurysm remnant was 50%, specificity was 100%, positive prediction value was 100%, and negative prediction value was 93.33%.CONCLUSIONCTA is a reliable and reproducible method to evaluate the aneurysm occlusion status and could be implemented on the follow‐up of aneurysms treated with WEB.
House prices and school choice: Evidence from Chicago's magnet schools’ proximity lottery
Authors: Bonilla‐Mejía Leonardo , Lopez Esteban , McMillen Daniel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStudies of open school policies predict house prices to rise in areas that gain access to high‐quality schools. However, excess demand may limit access to high‐quality schools. We take advantage of changes in Chicago's schools’ admissions policies to test whether a higher probability of admission to magnet schools for students living within 1.5 miles leads to higher house prices. Results indicate that the 1997 and 2009 reforms increased house prices for homes within the 1.5 mile radius by about 4% and 12.6%, respectively. The higher probability of admission for black students after a consent decree was vacated in 2009 led to a significant increase in prices in predominantly African‐American areas on the south side.
Direct democracy and intergenerational conflicts in ageing societies
Authors: Ahlfeldt Gabriel M. , Maennig Wolfgang , Steenbeck Malte 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the potential effects of population ageing on the outcomes of direct democracy, we analyze the effect of age on voting decisions in public referendums. In a case study of the Stuttgart 21 referendum on one of the largest infrastructure projects in Germany, we find that support for the project decreased significantly in age. A quantitative review of the relevant literature affirms that similar lifecycle patterns appear to be the norm in referendums on projects that require initial expenditures and pay off in the long run. Population ageing, thus, presents a potential threat to investment‐like reform projects.
In-vitro and in situ assessment of the efflux of five antidepressants by breast cancer resistance protein
Authors: Feng Suqin , Zheng Liang , Tang Shiwei , Gu Juan , Jiang Xuehua , Wang Ling 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Antidepressants need to penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to exert their functions in the central nervous system. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), an efflux transporter abundantly expressed in the BBB, prevents the accumulation of many drugs in the brain. This study aimed to identify whether five commonly used antidepressants (sertraline, duloxetine, fluoxetine, amitriptyline and mirtazapine) are BCRP substrates.

Methods
A combination of bidirectional transport and intracellular accumulation experiments was conducted on BCRP-overexpressing MDCKII and wild-type (WT) cells, and in situ brain perfusion was conducted in rats.

Key findings
The bidirectional transport study revealed that the net efflux ratio (NER) of sertraline reached 2.08 but decreased to 1.06 when co-incubated with Ko143, a selective BCRP inhibitor. Conversely, the other four antidepressants did not appear to be BCRP substrates, due to their low NER values (&lt;1.5). The accumulation of sertraline in MDCKII-BCRP cells was significantly lower than that in MDCKII-WT cells. The presence of Ko143 significantly increased the sertraline accumulation in MDCKII-BCRP cells but not in MDCKII-WT cells. Brain perfusion showed that the permeability of 1 and 5 μm sertraline was significantly higher in the presence of Ko143.

Conclusions
Taken together, BCRP is involved in sertraline efflux.
Long‐term temporal and spatial patterns in bioeroding sponge distribution at the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: de Moraes Fernando Coreixas , Cervi Fernanda , Karez Cláudia S. , Salgado Leonardo T. , Moura Rodrigo L. , Leal Gabriella A. , Bastos Alex C. , Amado‐Filho Gilberto M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBioeroding sponges belong to the most dominant bioeroders, significantly contributing to the erosion of coral reefs. Some species are tolerant or even benefit from environmental conditions such as ocean warming, acidification, and eutrophication. In consequence, increases in sponge bioerosion have been observed on some coral reefs over the last decades. The Abrolhos Bank is the largest coral reef system in the South Atlantic. It has been affected by sedimentation, eutrophication, overfishing, and climate change, mainly affecting coastal reefs, and at lesser intensity outer ones as well. This study aimed to describe spatial and temporal patterns in bioeroding sponge distribution in carbonate substrates in the Abrolhos Bank. Photo‐quadrats were used to compare bioeroding sponge abundance between two shallow reefs: a coastal, Pedra de Leste (PL), and an outer reef, Parcel dos Abrolhos (PAB). Each individual was delimitated over the substrate by determining the sponge surface through a line connecting the outermost papillae. The study was conducted over 6 years in 2008–2009 and 2013–2016. Four species of bioeroding sponges were identified: Cliona carteri Ridley, 1881, C. delitrix Pang, 1973, C. cf. schmidtii Ridley, 1881, and Siphonodictyon coralliphagum Rützler, 1971. The distribution and abundance of species varied between the inner and outer reefs and across the years, and displayed certain selectivity for the calcareous substrates recorded. Crustose coralline algae (CCA) were the main substrate excavated by the most abundant bioeroding species, C. carteri, and represented 70% of the substrate types occupied by this sponge (CCA, coral overgrown by CCA and plain coral). The highest abundance of bioeroding sponges observed in photo‐quadrats was 21.3 individuals/m2 at the outer reefs (PAB) in 2014. The abundances or areal extents of bioeroding sponges were up to 10 times greater on the outer reefs than on the coastal ones, where sedimentation is higher and more strongly influenced by siliciclastic material. Moreover, a higher herbivorous fish biomass has been reported on outer reefs which could also influence the higher abundance of bioeroding sponges in outer reefs. During the study period of 6 years, an increase in bioeroding sponge abundance was observed at the outer reefs (PAB), with the sea surface temperature increase. As CCA have an important role in reefal cementation and carbonate production in the Abrolhos reefs, a bioerosion impact might be expected, in particular, on the outer reefs.
Some assembly required: tracing the interpretative work of Clinical Competency Committees
Authors: Pack Rachael , Lingard Lorelei , Watling Christopher J , Chahine Saad , Cristancho Sayra M 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThis qualitative study describes the social processes of evidence interpretation employed by Clinical Competency Committees (CCCs), explicating how they interpret, grapple with and weigh assessment data.MethodsOver 8 months, two researchers observed 10 CCC meetings across four postgraduate programmes at a Canadian medical school, spanning over 25 hours and 100 individual decisions. After each CCC meeting, a semi‐structured interview was conducted with one member. Following constructivist grounded theory methodology, data collection and inductive analysis were conducted iteratively.ResultsMembers of the CCCs held an assumption that they would be presented with high‐quality assessment data that would enable them to make systematic and transparent decisions. This assumption was frequently challenged by the discovery of what we have termed ‘problematic evidence’ (evidence that CCC members struggled to meaningful interpret) within the catalogue of learner data. When CCCs were confronted with ‘problematic evidence’, they engaged in lengthy, effortful discussions aided by contextual data in order to make meaning of the evidence in question. This process of effortful discussion enabled CCCs to arrive at progression decisions that were informed by, rather than ignored, problematic evidence.ConclusionsSmall groups involved in the review of trainee assessment data should be prepared to encounter evidence that is uncertain, absent, incomplete, or otherwise difficult to interpret, and should openly discuss strategies for addressing these challenges. The answer to the problem of effortful processes of data interpretation and problematic evidence is not as simple as generating more data with strong psychometric properties. Rather, it involves grappling with the discrepancies between our interpretive frameworks and the inescapably subjective nature of assessment data and judgement.
Special topics issue: “Complexity in the microcirculation”
Authors: Frisbee Jefferson C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis Special Topics Issue of the journal “Microcirculation” presents seven manuscripts spanning multiple perspectives of investigation. The first two manuscripts present technical/analytical approaches to determining and quantifying vascular network structure, and the third presents a methodology for determining intravascular hemodynamics within the in situ microvascular network. The fourth manuscript utilizes complexity analyses to determine changes in microvascular perfusion as a predictor of disease severity, while the fifth study links the changes to perfusion complexity to tissue metabolic demand and potential limitations on mitochondrial metabolism within skeletal muscle. The sixth manuscript further addresses this critical topic, providing a state‐of‐the‐art discussion of skeletal muscle oxygen kinetics and the factors that impact this vital process. The final manuscript outlines the impact of the deletion of Robo4 on the vascular endothelium on microvascular function in white adipose tissue and the potentially beneficial effects for anti‐obesity treatment. We hope that this presentation of issues of “Complexity in the Microcirculation” will be beneficial to the reader.
St. Gregory Palamas on the Divine Simplicity
Authors: Plested Marcus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPlested focuses on the doctrine of divine simplicity according to Gregory Palamas (1296‐1357/9). He is well aware of the long tradition in the West of considering Palamas's distinction between the divine essence and the energies to do harm to the reality of divine simplicity—even if many recent books on divine simplicity ignore Palamas. Plested thinks that this is in part due to the selectivity of Western readings of Palamas's corpus. Although for Palamas the divine essence is truly (not merely conceptually) distinct from what Plested terms the divine “actualizations,” Palamas insists repeatedly that his point does not undermine absolute divine simplicity. In fact, as Plested shows, Palamas considers that the real distinction between essence and energies not only supports, but indeed flows from, the doctrine of divine simplicity properly understood. Plested admits that recent Orthodox interpreters of Palamas, such as John Meyendorff and Vladimir Lossky, tend to give little attention to divine simplicity except by way of contrast with Western accounts of the doctrine. But Plested argues that Palamas's doctrine of divine simplicity is better interpreted as in accord with the fundamental intuitions of his Latin contemporaries, even if expressed in a different metaphysical framework. Examining certain lesser‐known works of Palamas, Plested identifies a set of important interpretative keys for understanding Palamas's account of divine simplicity, including the normative role of the principles of the Sixth Ecumenical Council (680‐1) and the necessity of appreciating the historical contexts in which he wrote specific works.