bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft drink consumption and periodontal status in pregnant women
Authors: Menezes Carla C. , Ribeiro Cecilia C. C. , Alves Claudia M. C. , Thomaz Erika B. A. F. , Franco Mayra M. , Batista Rosângela F. L. , Silva Antônio A. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal disease is associated with metabolic syndrome, and during pregnancy, it is linked to preeclampsia and preterm birth. We hypothesized that soft drink consumption, which has also been associated with metabolic disorders, may also be linked to periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between soft drink consumption and periodontal status in pregnancy.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study nested in BRISA (Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís Birth Cohort Studies). Pregnant women (n = 1,185) completed a questionnaire and underwent periodontal examination from the 22nd to 25th week of pregnancy. The explanatory variable was the frequency of soft drink consumption (times per week). The outcome was periodontal status measured as the number of teeth with probing depth ≥4 mm with bleeding on probing (PD/BOP) or with clinical attachment level ≥4 mm (CAL). Means ratio (MR) was estimated using zero‐inflated Poisson, adjusted for maternal age and income.ResultsThe higher tertile of consumption of soft drinks during pregnancy was associated with PD/BOP (MR = 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 to 1.75); while the highest tertile of diastolic blood pressure was also associated to CAL (MR = 1.21; 95% CI 1:07 to 1.35).ConclusionHigh soft drink consumption was associated with the number of teeth with PD/BOP in pregnant women, suggesting that beverage consumption is a factor that contributes to the systemic inflammatory burden, which is common to periodontal disease, metabolic syndrome, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Lattice dynamics study of cubic Tb2O3
Authors: Ibáñez Jordi , Blázquez Oriol , Hernández Sergi , Garrido Blas , Rodríguez‐Hernández Plácida , Muñoz Alfonso , Velázquez Matias , Veber Philippe , Manjón Francisco Javier 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe report a joint experimental and theoretical study of the lattice dynamics of cubic Tb2O3. Up to 16 optical Raman‐active modes have been observed with polarized and unpolarized Raman scattering measurements on a high‐quality Tb2O3 single crystal. The measured wavenumbers have been compared with those of other rare‐earth (RE) and related sesquioxides with cubic (C‐type or bixbyite) structure. First‐principles calculations have allowed us to assign the symmetry of the experimentally observed Raman‐active modes. Additional lattice‐dynamical calculations on the related cubic RE sesquioxides Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Eu2O3, and Sm2O3 indicate that the phonon wavenumbers of the Raman‐active modes in these compounds are monotonically reduced with increasing the lattice parameter along the Dy2O3‐Tb2O3‐Gd2O3‐Eu2O3‐Sm2O3 series, thus prompting for a revision of the experimental Raman spectra of some of these compounds (mainly Eu2O3 but also Gd2O3).
Effect of duck egg white peptide‐ferrous chelate on iron bioavailability in vivo and structure characterization
Authors: Li Bo , He Hui , Shi Wen , Hou Tao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to utilize the industrial by‐product ‘salted duck egg white’ as novel iron additives, the effects of desalted duck egg white peptides‐ferrous chelate (DPs‐Fe) on the promotion of iron uptake and the structure were investigated.RESULTSDifferent doses of DPs‐Fe were given and iron sulfate (FeSO4) was used as a positive control. After three weeks, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron (SI) and serum ferritin (SF) in iron‐deficiency anemia (IDA) rats could be significantly (P < 0.05) increased to the normal levels by DPs‐Fe. The gene expressions of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and Hepcidin could be regulated by DPs‐Fe. Additionally, DPs‐Fe was formed during the chelation process and the structure was characterized. Eight crucial iron‐chelating peptides of duck egg white peptides (DPs) were identified by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS, such as Pro‐Val‐Glu‐Glu and Arg‐Ser‐Ser. It indicated that Glu, Asp, Lys, His, Ser, Cys residues might play crucial roles in the chelating of DPs with iron.CONCLUSIONDPs‐Fe could be a potential iron supplement, and the Glu, Asp, Lys, His played important roles in binding iron and promoting iron uptake. This research expands the understanding of iron uptake by DPs and provides an opportunity for recycling a discarded processing byproduct. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Learning from implementation setbacks: Identifying and responding to contextual challenges
Authors: Harrison Michael I. , Grantham Susan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionWe address organizational learning about implementation context during setbacks to primary care redesign in an ambulatory system. The redesign expanded care teams and added a medical assistant assigned administrative and coordination tasks. The redesign was expected to improve care efficiency, prevention, and continuity. In response to setbacks, redesign and system leaders used understanding of context to plan system‐wide changes, as well as program adjustments. Doing so enhanced the redesign's prospects and contributed to system learning.MethodsWe conducted a 33‐month, mixed‐methods study. Qualitative data included quarterly calls with the redesign leaders and 63 activity log entries. There were three site visits; 73 interviews with practice leaders, providers, and medical assistants. Data analysis used categories from an implementation research framework; these were refined and then expanded inductively using log reports, debriefings with change leaders, and documents. Quantitative analysis used system operational data on chronic care, prevention, efficiency, productivity, and patient access.ResultsRedesigned teams were not implemented as widely or rapidly as anticipated and did not deliver hoped‐for gains in operational metrics. Interviews reported that team redesign was leading to improvements in chronic care and prevention and eased provider burden. Besides making small adjustments to cope with setbacks, redesign and system leaders engaged in more thorough organizational learning. They examined contextual challenges underlying setbacks and posing risks to the delivery system as a whole. Their responses to challenges helped strengthen the redesign's prospects, improved the delivery system's position in its labor market, and helped the system prepare to meet emerging requirements for value‐based care and population health.ConclusionsThis case points to benefits for both health care researchers and change practitioners of paying closer attention to how context affects implementation of organizational change, and to opportunities and conditions for learning from setbacks during change.
Current state of practice regarding digital radiography exposure indicators and deviation indices: Report of AAPM Imaging Physics Committee Task Group 232
Authors: Dave Jaydev K. , Jones A. Kyle , Fisher Ryan , Hulme Katie , Rill Lynn , Zamora David , Woodward Andrew , Brady Samuel , MacDougall Robert D. , Goldman Lee , Lang Susan , Peck Donald , Apgar Bruce , Shepard S. Jeff , Uzenoff Robert , Willis Charles 
Published: September 2018

Beginning with the advent of digital radiography systems in 1981, manufacturers of these systems provided indicators of detector exposure. These indicators were manufacturer‐specific, and users in facilities with equipment from multiple manufacturers found it a challenge to monitor and manage variations in indicated exposure in routine clinical use. In 2008, a common definition of exposure index (EI) was realized in International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Standard 62494‐1 Ed. 1, which also introduced and defined the deviation index (DI), a number quantifying the difference between the detector EI for a given radiograph and the target exposure index (EIT). An exposure index that differed by a constant from that established by the IEC and the concept of the deviation index also appear in American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report No. 116 published in 2009. The AAPM Report No. 116 went beyond the IEC standard in supplying a table (Table II in the report of TG‐116) titled “Exposure Indicator DI Control Limits for Clinical Images,” which listed suggested DI ranges and actions to be considered for each range. As the IEC EI was implemented and clinical DI data were gathered, concerns were voiced that the DI control limits published in the report of TG‐116 were too strict and did not accurately reflect clinical practice. The charge of task group 232 (TG‐232) and the objective of this final report was to investigate the current state of the practice for CR/DR Exposure and Deviation Indices based on AAPM TG 116 and IEC‐62494, for the purpose of establishing achievable goals (reference levels) and action levels in digital radiography. Data corresponding to EI and DI were collected from a range of practice settings for a number of body parts and views (adults and pediatric radiographs) and analyzed in aggregate and separately. A subset of radiographs was also evaluated by radiologists based on criteria adapted from the European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Diagnostic Radiographic Images from the European Commission. Analysis revealed that typical DI distribution was characterized by a standard deviation (SD) of 1.3–3.6 with mean DI values substantially different from 0.0, and less than 50% of DI values fell within the significant action limits proposed by AAPM TG‐116 (−1.0 ≤ DI ≤ 1.0). Recommendations stemming from this analysis include targeting a mean DI value of 0.0 and action limits at ±1 and ±2 SD of the DI based on actual DI data of an individual site. EIT values, DI values, and associated action limits should be reviewed on an ongoing basis and optimization of DI values should be a process of continuous quality improvement with a goal of reducing practice variation.
TReNDS—Software for reaction monitoring with time‐resolved non‐uniform sampling
Authors: Urbańczyk Mateusz , Shchukina Alexandra , Gołowicz Dariusz , Kazimierczuk Krzysztof 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNMR spectroscopy, used routinely for structure elucidation, has also become a widely applied tool for process and reaction monitoring. However, the most informative of NMR methods—correlation experiments—are often useless in this kind of applications. The traditional sampling of a multidimensional FID is usually time‐consuming, and thus, the reaction‐monitoring toolbox was practically limited to 1D experiments (with rare exceptions, e.g., single‐scan or fast‐sampling experiments). Recently, the technique of time‐resolved non‐uniform sampling (TR‐NUS) has been proposed, which allows to use standard multidimensional pulse sequences preserving the temporal resolution close to that achievable in 1D experiments. However, the method existed only as a prototype and did not allow on‐the‐fly processing during the reaction.In this paper, we introduce TReNDS: free, user‐friendly software kit for acquisition and processing of TR‐NUS data. The program works on Bruker, Agilent, and Magritek spectrometers, allowing to carry out up to four experiments with interleaved TR‐NUS. The performance of the program is demonstrated on the example of enzymatic hydrolysis of sucrose.
An efficient MRI agent targeting extracellular markers in prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pagoto Amerigo , Tripepi Martina , Stefania Rachele , Lanzardo Stefania , Livio Longo Dario , Garello Francesca , Porpiglia Francesco , Manfredi Matteo , Aime Silvio , Terreno Enzo 
Published: September 2018

PurposeProstate cancer (PCa) is the most widespread tumor affecting males in Western countries. We propose a novel MRI molecular tetrameric probe based on the heptadentate gadolinium (Gd)‐AAZTA (6‐amino‐6‐methylperhydro‐1,4‐diazepinetetraacetic acid) that is able to in vivo detect PCa through the recognition of the fibrin–fibronectin (FB–FN) complex.MethodsThe peptide CREKA (Cys‐Arg‐Glu‐Lys‐Ala), targeting the FB–FN complex in the reactive stroma of the tumor, was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and conjugated to the tetramer dL‐(Gd‐AAZTA)4. The resulting probe was characterized by 1H relaxometry, tested in vitro on FB clots and in vivo on an orthotopic mouse model of PCa.ResultsCREKA‐dL‐(Gd‐AAZTA)4 showed a remarkable relaxivity of 18.2 ms−1 (0.47 T, 25°C) because of the presence of 2 water molecules (q = 2) in the inner coordination sphere of each Gd3+ ion, whose rotational motion (τR) is lengthened as the result of the relatively high molecular weight. The probe displayed a detectable affinity for plasma‐derived FB clots. On intravenous injection of the probe in an orthotopic mouse model of PCa, a significant increase in the prostate T1 contrast (~40%) was observed. The MRI signal appears statistically higher either with respect to the one observed for the control probes and to the one detected when CREKA‐dL‐(Gd‐AAZTA)4 was administered to healthy animals.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the ability of the CREKA‐dL‐(Gd‐AAZTA)4 probe to specifically localize in prostate tumor after injection. The high relaxivity of the probe allows the reduction of the injected dose to 20 µmolGd/kg, yielding a good in vivo contrast enhancement in the region of prostate tumor.
A functional form for a representative individual arterial input function measured from a population using high temporal resolution DCE MRI
Authors: Georgiou Leonidas , Wilson Daniel J. , Sharma Nisha , Perren Timothy J. , Buckley David L. 
Published: September 2018

PurposeTo measure the arterial input function (AIF), an essential component of tracer kinetic analysis, in a population of patients using an optimized dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) imaging sequence and to estimate inter‐ and intrapatient variability. From these data, a representative AIF that may be used for realistic simulation studies can be extracted.MethodsThirty‐nine female patients were imaged on multiple visits before and during a course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. A total of 97 T1‐weighted DCE studies were analyzed including bookend estimates of T1 and model‐fitting to each individual AIF. Area under the curve and cardiac output were estimated from each first pass peak, and these data were used to assess inter‐ and intrapatient variability of the AIF.ResultsInterpatient variability exceeded intrapatient variability of the AIF. There was no change in cardiac output as a function of MR visit (mean value 5.6 ± 1.1 L/min) but baseline blood T1 increased significantly following the start of chemotherapy (which was accompanied by a decrease in hematocrit).ConclusionThe AIF in an individual patient can be measured reproducibly but the variability of AIFs between patients suggests that use of a population AIF will decrease the precision of tracer kinetic analysis performed in cross‐patient comparison studies. A representative AIF is presented that is typical of the population but retains the characteristics of an individually measured AIF.
A compact rational Krylov method for large‐scale rational eigenvalue problems
Authors: Dopico Froilán M. , González‐Pizarro Javier 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this work, we propose a new method, termed as R‐CORK, for the numerical solution of large‐scale rational eigenvalue problems, which is based on a linearization and on a compact decomposition of the rational Krylov subspaces corresponding to this linearization. R‐CORK is an extension of the compact rational Krylov method (CORK) introduced very recently in the literature to solve a family of nonlinear eigenvalue problems that can be expressed and linearized in certain particular ways and which include arbitrary polynomial eigenvalue problems, but not arbitrary rational eigenvalue problems. The R‐CORK method exploits the structure of the linearized problem by representing the Krylov vectors in a compact form in order to reduce the cost of storage, resulting in a method with two levels of orthogonalization. The first level of orthogonalization works with vectors of the same size as the original problem, and the second level works with vectors of size much smaller than the original problem. Since vectors of the size of the linearization are never stored or orthogonalized, R‐CORK is more efficient from the point of view of memory and orthogonalization than the classical rational Krylov method applied directly to the linearization. Taking into account that the R‐CORK method is based on a classical rational Krylov method, to implement implicit restarting is also possible, and we show how to do it in a memory‐efficient way. Finally, some numerical examples are included in order to show that the R‐CORK method performs satisfactorily in practice.
A mussel‐inspired method to fabricate a novel reduced graphene oxide/Bi12O17Cl2 composites membrane for catalytic degradation and oil/water separation
Authors: Yu Zongxue , Min Xia , Li Fei , Yin Di , Peng Yixing , Zeng Guangyong 
Published: September 2018

In this study, a novel dopamine modified graphene‐based photocatalytic membrane with Bi12O17Cl2 inserted was fabricated to modify the commercial cellulose acetate membrane via vacuum filtration method. Results showed the reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/poly(dopamine) (PDA)/Bi12O17Cl2‐CA photocatalytic composite membrane exhibited 98% removal efficiency for methylene blue (MB) within 100 minutes and 96% removal efficiency for 4‐CP within 160 minutes. Importantly, the photocatalytic composite membrane can simultaneously achieve dye degradation and oil‐water separation in only one device within a short time. And the as‐prepared membrane displayed great antifouling performance and recyclability after 10 cycles. Meanwhile, the membrane showed excellent stability in the agitated water bath or different pH conditions. In summary, the photocatalytic membrane investigated in this study opens new avenue for treatment of wastewater.
Impact of cyclophosphamide and etoposide on outcome of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney treated on the National Wilms Tumor Study‐5 (NWTS‐5)
Authors: Seibel Nita L. , Chi Yueh‐Yun , Perlman Elizabeth J. , Tian Jing , Sun Junfeng , Anderson James R. , Ritchey Michael L. , Thomas Patrick R. , Miser James , Kalapurakal John A. , Grundy Paul E. , Green Daniel M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo improve the event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) by incorporating cyclophosphamide and etoposide into treatment on National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS)‐5.Patients and methodsPatients less than 16 years of age with a centrally confirmed pathological diagnosis of CCSK were eligible for treatment on this prospective single‐arm study conducted between August 1995 and June 2002. Staging consisted of CT scans of chest, abdomen, pelvis, bone scan, skeletal survey, and CT or MRI of the head. Treatment consisted of vincristine/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide alternating with cyclophosphamide/etoposide for 24 weeks and radiation to sites of disease.ResultsOne hundred eight eligible patients were enrolled on study (69% males, 63% Caucasian), with a median age of 22 months. Stage distribution was as follows: stage I, 12; II, 44; III, 45; IV, 7. Median follow‐up was 9.7 years. Five‐year EFS and OS were 79% (95% CI: 71%–88%) and 90% (95% CI: 84%–96%). Five‐year EFS for stage I–IV was 100%, 88%, 73%, and 29%, respectively. Twenty of the 23 disease‐related events occurred within three years of initial treatment. The most common site of recurrence was brain (12/23).ConclusionThe outcome for patients with CCSK treated on NWTS‐5 was similar to NWTS‐4 and accomplished over a shorter treatment duration. Stage was highly predictive of outcome. Brain metastases occurred more frequently than on NWTS‐4. Regimen I showed more benefit for patients with stage I and II disease as compared with higher stages of disease where new therapies are needed.
Peripheral blood flow cytometry for the diagnosis of pediatric acute leukemia: Highly reliable with rare exceptions
Authors: Cheng Jinjun , Klairmont Matthew M. , Choi John K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecent data have demonstrated the high sensitivity and specificity of peripheral blood flow cytometry (PBFC) for the diagnosis of pediatric leukemia; however, diagnostically significant immunophenotypic discrepancies between PBFC and bone marrow (BM) evaluation, which result in different lineage assignment and treatment protocols, can rarely occur. Here, we sought to further characterize the performance of PBFC for pediatric leukemia and highlight the exceptions when PBFC can result in misdiagnosis.MethodsAn institutional database was searched between 2012 and 2016 for cases of acute leukemia with concurrent PBFC and BM evaluation. Immunophenotyping results from the peripheral blood and BM using four or eight color flow cytometry, as well as BM cytochemical staining and immunohistochemistry, were compared.ResultsTwo hundred ninety PBFC samples with concurrent BM evaluation were identified. Based on the final immunophenotypic classification, the cases were distributed as follows: 108 B‐lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL), 57 T‐lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL), 116 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 9 mixed‐phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL). Among all cases, five had a diagnostically significant discrepancy between PBFC and BM evaluation. In three cases, the immunophenotype by PBFC was consistent with early T‐cell precursor ALL (ETP‐ALL), whereas BM evaluation demonstrated MPAL. Two cases were suspicious for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) and MPAL, T/myeloid by PBFC but were diagnosed as B‐ALL and T‐ALL in the BM.ConclusionImmunophenotypic classification by PBFC is accurate (>98%) in almost all cases of pediatric leukemia with the rare exceptions of suspected ETP‐ALL, MPAL, and AMKL. These PBFC diagnoses should be confirmed with BM immunophenotyping.
Population‐based trends in the prenatal diagnosis of sex chromosome aneuploidy before and after non‐invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Howard‐Bath Allanah , Poulton Alice , Halliday Jane , Hui Lisa 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) on trends in the prenatal diagnosis of sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in a population with >73,000 annual births.MethodRetrospective population‐based cohort study from 1986–2016 of all women undergoing prenatal diagnosis before 25 weeks gestation in the Australian state of Victoria. Statistical significance was tested using the chi‐square test for trend or proportions.ResultsThere were 2,043,345 births and 842 SCA diagnoses from 1986–2016. The percentage of prenatal diagnostic tests leading to a SCA diagnosis increased significantly from 0.95% in 2010 to 2.93% in 2016 (p < 0.001) but due to a concurrent decline in testing, the annual prenatal diagnosis rate of SCA remained stable at 4.4/10,000 births. Among confirmed fetal SCAs the most common indication for testing in 1986 was advanced maternal age (63%); in 2016 it was high risk NIPT (49%).ConclusionSCAs now make up an increasing proportion of prenatal diagnostic results but due to the overall decline in diagnostic testing, the prenatal prevalence as a percentage of births remained steady. The ascertainment of fetal SCA has evolved from an incidental finding after testing for increased risk of trisomy 21, to a diagnosis obtained after suspected SCA on NIPT.