bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can community-based signalling behaviour in Saccharomyces cerevisiae be called quorum sensing? A critical review of the literature
Authors: Winters Michela , Arneborg Nils , Appels Rudi , Howell Kate 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Quorum sensing is a well-described mechanism of intercellular signalling among bacteria, which involves cell-density-dependent chemical signal molecules. The concentration of these quorum-sensing molecules increases in proportion to cell density until a threshold value is exceeded, which triggers a community-wide response. In this review, we propose that intercellular signalling mechanisms can be associated with a corresponding ecological interaction type based on similarities between how the interaction affects the signal receiver and producer. Thus, we do not confine quorum sensing, a specific form of intercellular signalling, to only cooperative behaviours. Instead, we define it as cell-density-dependent responses that occur at a critical concentration of signal molecules and through a specific signalling pathway. For fungal species, the medically important yeast Candida albicans has a well-described quorum sensing system, while this system is not well described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is involved in food and beverage fermentations. The more precise definition for quorum sensing proposed in this review is based on the studies suggesting that S. cerevisiae may undergo intercellular signalling through quorum sensing. Through this lens, we conclude that there is a lack of evidence to support a specific signalling mechanism and a critical signal concentration of these behaviours in S. cerevisiae, and, thus, these features require further investigation.
The Influence of Oral Health Factors on the Quality of Life in Older People: A Systematic Review
Authors: van de Rijt Liza J M , Stoop Celine C , Weijenberg Roxane A F , de Vries Ralph , Feast Alexandra R , Sampson Elizabeth L , Lobbezoo Frank 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe number of people aged 65 years or older is growing substantially. As a result of increased health burden and tooth retention, more oral health problems are expected in this age group. A poor oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) can compromise a person’s psychological state, social relationships, personal beliefs, and physical health. The aim of this systematic review was to identify oral health factors associated with OHQoL in people aged 65 years or older and to give a comprehensive overview of the body of literature for each oral health factor separately.Research Design and MethodsA comprehensive search was performed in five databases. The following terms were used as index terms or free-text words: “Oral Health,” “Quality of Life,” “Older People.” Two researchers independently assessed studies for eligibility based on predefined criteria.ResultsOf 3,702 references retrieved from the databases, 68 studies were eligible and included (9 randomized clinical trials, 6 cohort studies, and 53 cross-sectional studies). All results were reported descriptively. OHQoL in people aged 65 years or older is positively associated with higher number of teeth, higher number of occluding pairs, implant-retained overdentures, and the shortened dental arch concept and negatively associated with xerostomia, orofacial pain, and poor chewing ability. In the current literature, there is no consensus on the association between edentulism, caries, and periodontal conditions and OHQoL.Discussion and ImplicationsHaving a functional dentition (either natural or prosthetic) is important for a good OHQoL, whereas painful or functional complaints are associated with impaired OHQoL.
Processing harmonic EM noise with multiple or unstable frequency content in surface NMR surveys
Authors: Kremer Thomas , Juul Larsen Jakob , Nguyen Frédéric 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARY
The harmonic electromagnetic noise produced by anthropic electrical structures is a critical component of the global noise affecting geophysical signals and increasing data uncertainty. It is composed of a series of harmonic signals whose frequencies are multiple integers of the fundamental frequency specific to the electrical noise source. To date, most model-based noise removal strategies assume that the fundamental frequency constraining the harmonic noise is single and constant over the duration of the geophysical record. In this paper, we demonstrate that classical harmonic processing methods lose efficacy when these assumptions are not valid. We present several surface nuclear magnetic resonance field data sets, which testify the increasing probability of recording the harmonic noise with such multiple or unstable frequency content. For each case (multiple frequencies or unstable frequency) we propose new processing strategies, namely, the 2-D grid-search and the segmentation approach, respectively, which efficiently manage to remove the harmonic noise in these difficult conditions. In the process, we also apply a fast frequency estimator called the Nyman, Gaiser and Saucier estimation method, which shows equivalent performance as classical estimators while allowing a reduction of the computing time by a factor of 2.5.
Association between depression risk and polycystic ovarian syndrome in young women: a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study (1998–2013)
Authors: Harnod Tomor , Chen Weishan , Wang Jen-Hung , Lin Shinn-Zong , Ding Dah-Ching 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
Is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women associated with the increasing incidence of depression in an East Asian population?

SUMMARY ANSWER
Younger PCOS patients (aged 15–29 years), but not middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression in Taiwan.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
During reproductive age, 6–10% of women have PCOS. Among them, ~40% experience depression, mostly at young ages.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This is a retrospective population-based cohort study analysing depression risk in Taiwanese women using data from a nationwide database containing 1998–2013 data of nearly 1 million people.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
We included 15- to 50-year-old women newly diagnosed with PCOS during 1998–2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the PCOS cohort (n = 7684) and then randomly matched them 4 : 1 by sex, age and index year with women without PCOS as the comparison cohort (n = 30 736). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to determine the association between PCOS and depression risk [hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)].

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
The incidence of depression was higher in the PCOS group than in the comparison group (6.67 vs. 4.82 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12–1.46). PCOS patients aged 15–29 years had a significantly higher depression risk (adjusted HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.18–1.65); no such significant association was noted among patients aged 30–39 years and 40–50 years.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
A history of malignancy, which may increase depression, could not be obtained for our study patients. Moreover, we could not obtain a family history of depression, a relevant risk factor for depression. Finally, the database has no records of body mass index, which may influence depression outcome.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
In Taiwan, younger PCOS patients (15–29 years), but not the middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression. Our findings provide vital information to patients, clinicians, the Taiwan Government and other developing Asian countries to improve the PCOS treatment strategies in the future. Routine screening for depression in PCOS patients may be implemented into the health practice.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This study was supported in part by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial Center (MOHW108-TDU-B-212-133 004), China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Stroke Biosignature Project (BM10701010021), MOST Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke (MOST 107-2321-B-039 -004-), Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan and Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan. No competing interest existed.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
Is valve-sparing root replacement a safe option in acute type A aortic dissection? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Jinlin , Huang Yan , Qiu Juntao , Saeed Bilal , Yu Cuntao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESThere are conflicting views regarding the status of valve-sparing root replacement (VSRR) as a proper treatment for acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD). Our goal was to compare the early and late outcomes of VSRR versus those of the Bentall procedure in patients with AAAD.METHODSWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 studies to compare the outcomes of VSRR with those of the Bentall procedure in patients with AAAD. We focused on the following issues: early and late mortality rates, re-exploration, thromboembolization/bleeding events, infective endocarditis and reintervention rates.RESULTSA total of 706 patients with AAAD who underwent aortic root surgery were analysed; 254 patients were treated with VSRR and 452 with the Bentall procedure. VSRR was associated with a reduced risk of early death [odds ratio (OR) 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21–0.57] and late death (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.21–0.57) compared with the Bentall procedure. No statistically significant difference was observed between the VSRR and Bentall groups with pooled ORs (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.47–1.27, OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.32–1.18 and OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.23–2.15) for re-exploration, thromboembolization/bleeding and postoperative infective endocarditis, respectively. An increased risk of reintervention was observed for the VSRR compared to the Bentall group (OR 3.79; 95% CI 1.27–11.30). The pooled rate of reintervention incidence was 1.6% (95% CI 0.0–3.7%) and 0.4% (95% CI 0.0–1.3%) for the VSRR and the Bentall groups, respectively.CONCLUSIONSVSRR in patients with AAAD can be performed in experienced centres with excellent short- and long-term outcomes compared to those with the Bentall procedure and thus should be recommended especially for active young patients.
Antibiotic-loaded ceramic sternum for sternal replacement in a patient with deep sternal wound infection
Authors: Tricard Jeremy , Chermat Anaëlle , Denes Eric , Bertin François 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A 68-year-old man presented with destruction of his sternum after cardiac surgery. Classical management with multiple debridements, vacuum dressings and antibiotics failed. A replacement of his sternum was performed using an antibiotic-loaded porous alumina ceramic sternum. Despite the infected wound, the ceramic sternum did not get infected due to the high antibiotic concentration obtained locally. Two years after the surgery, no relapse occurred and the pulmonary function tests improved.
Folkmun.se: A Study of a User-Generated Dictionary of Swedish
Authors: Sköldberg Emma , Wenner Lena 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study examines the Swedish user-generated web dictionary Folkmun.se, encompassing roughly 5,000 entries. Initially a general overview of the website is presented, followed by an analysis of how the content of Folkmun.se has developed, with particular focus on 190 usernames. The contributors can be grouped together based on two distinct factors: 1) by number of contributions, and 2) by the kind of words they prefer to submit. One conclusion of this study is that a great majority of contributors only publish one or two entries. This entails that a large number of users have contributed to the dictionary. Furthermore, a majority chooses to focus on dialect words or slang words. Many of these entries are not represented in traditional Swedish dictionaries. The advantages of having people of different backgrounds and skills working with word collections are obvious, and their work is an important, albeit often neglected, contribution to general linguistics.
Eigenfunctions with Infinitely Many Isolated Critical Points
Authors: Buhovsky Lev , Logunov Alexander , Sodin Mikhail 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe construct a Riemannian metric on the 2D torus, such that for infinitely many eigenvalues of the Laplace–Beltrami operator, a corresponding eigenfunction has infinitely many isolated critical points. A minor modification of our construction implies that each of these eigenfunctions has a level set with infinitely many connected components (i.e., a linear combination of two eigenfunctions may have infinitely many nodal domains).
Guidance for Studies Evaluating the Accuracy of Sputum-Based Tests to Diagnose Tuberculosis
Authors: Schumacher Samuel G , Wells William A , Nicol Mark P , Steingart Karen R , Theron Grant , Dorman Susan E , Pai Madhukar , Churchyard Gavin , Scott Lesley , Stevens Wendy , Nabeta Pamela , Alland David , Weyer Karin , Denkinger Claudia M , Gilpin Christopher 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tests that can replace sputum smear microscopy have been identified as a top priority diagnostic need for tuberculosis by the World Health Organization. High-quality evidence on diagnostic accuracy for tests that may meet this need is an essential requirement to inform decisions about policy and scale-up. However, test accuracy studies are often of low and inconsistent quality and poorly reported, leading to uncertainty about true test performance. Here we provide guidance for the design of diagnostic test accuracy studies of sputum smear-replacement tests. Such studies should have a cross-sectional or cohort design, enrolling either a consecutive series or a random sample of patients who require evaluation for tuberculosis. Adults with respiratory symptoms are the target population. The reference standard should at a minimum be a single, automated, liquid culture, but additional cultures, follow-up, clinical case definition, and specific measures to understand discordant results should also be included. Inclusion of smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF (or MTB/RIF Ultra) as comparators is critical to allow broader comparability and generalizability of results, because disease spectrum can vary between studies and affects relative test performance. Given the complex nature of sputum (the primary specimen type used for pulmonary TB), careful design and reporting of the specimen flow is essential. Test characteristics other than accuracy (such as feasibility, implementation considerations, and data on impact on patient, population and health systems outcomes) are also important aspects.
Immunogenicity and Safety of an Early Measles Vaccination Schedule at 6 and 12 Months of Age in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Unexposed and HIV-Exposed, Uninfected South African Children
Authors: Mutsaerts Eleonora A M L , Nunes Marta C , Bhikha Sutika , Ikulinda Benit T , Boyce Welekazi , Jose Lisa , Koen Anthonet , Moultrie Andrew , Cutland Clare L , Grobbee Diederick E , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Madhi Shabir A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundMeasles morbidity and mortality rates are greatest in children <12 months old, with increased susceptibility in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–exposed children. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of an early 2-dose measles vaccine regimen administered at 6 and 12 months of age in South Africa.MethodsHIV-unexposed (HU) (n = 212) and HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) (n = 71) children received measles vaccination (CAM-70) at 6 and 12 months of age. Measles immunoglobulin G titers were measured by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and 1 month after each vaccine dose.ResultsThe majority of children (88.2% HU and 95.8% HEU; P = .04) were seronegative (<150 mIU/mL) to measles at 4.2 months of age. This was particularly evident among infants of mothers born from 1992 onwards (year of public nationwide measles vaccine availability). One month after the first measles vaccine, 42.3% of HU and 46.4% of HEU children were seropositive (≥330 mIU/mL). After the second dose, the proportion seropositive increased to 99.0% in HU and 95.3% in HEU children. Safety profiles were similar between HU and HEU children.ConclusionsEarly 2-dose measles vaccination at 6 and 12 months of age was safe and induced antibody responses in HU and HEU children, which could partly offset the early loss of maternally derived antibodies in infants born to predominantly measles-vaccinated mothers.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT03330171
Differences in behavior help to explain lemming coexistence
Authors: Morris Douglas W , Dupuch Angélique , Moses MaryJane , Busniuk Kaylee , Otterman Helen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Collared (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) and brown (Lemmus trimucronatus) lemmings coexist in tundra habitats across much of the middle and lower Canadian arctic. Their coexistence, and response to predation risk, appears mediated by behavior. We analyzed field-collected videos of open-field tests to assess potential differences in innate behaviors between the two species. Collared lemmings were less active and exhibited less exploratory behavior than did brown lemmings, which were more active under cover than in the open. Similar behaviors scaling along axes of activity and curiosity were revealed by principal components analysis. Each axis defined different aspects of brown lemming personality, but repeated testing of the same individuals yielded a striking dependence of their behavioral response on open-field treatments. Even so, the differences between species in behavior correlate well with their habitat preferences that resolve competition and govern their coexistence.
Optical long-slit spectroscopy in the cluster Abell S0805
Authors: da Rocha-Poppe P C , Fernandes-Martin V A , Faúndez-Abans M , de Oliveira-Abans M , Silva G A , Freitas-Lemes P , Lima-Dias C 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThis contribution aims to study the nature (kinematic, nuclear activity, and stellar population) of a sample of 10 galaxies in the poor cluster Abell S0805. As no detailed optical spectroscopy for some members has been published yet, the selected sample makes this study ideal for investigating the properties of the following objects: ESO 104- G(002, 006, 007, 008, 009, 010, 013), Fairall 0187, and PGC (062384, 062391). Our main results were obtained after subtraction of the underlying stellar population with the spectral synthesis code starlight. The residual spectra reveal seven galaxies with only absorption lines [ESO 104- G(002, 007, 008, 009), Fairall 0187 and PGC (062384, 062391)], and three galaxies with emission lines [ESO 104- G(006, 010, 013)]. According to the boundaries in the diagnostic diagrams, the intensities of H α and the low-ionization lines ([N ii] λ6584 Å and [S ii] λλ6716,6731 Å) suggest the following results: (i) the brightest cluster galaxy (ESO 104- G006, an elliptical cD galaxy) shows low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER)-like excitation, quite common in ‘cool core clusters’; (ii) the ESO 104- G010 (‘X-Galaxy’ or ‘Crystal Frog’) shows an excess of the nitrogen emission-line [N ii] λ6584 Å not yet reported. We also suggest this object as a LINER; (iii) the spiral ESO 104- G013 is a star-forming galaxy with typical emission lines. No obvious signs of interaction were observed in this study. The heliocentric velocities agree within 1σ with the most recent values. The stellar population, rotation curves, and velocity dispersions are also discussed for the first time for some objects.
Symptom clusters in newly diagnosed glioma patients: which symptom clusters are independently associated with functioning and global health status?
Authors: Coomans Marijke B , Dirven Linda , Aaronson Neil K , Baumert Brigitta G , Van Den Bent Martin , Bottomley Andrew , Brandes Alba A , Chinot Olivier , Coens Corneel , Gorlia Thierry , Herrlinger Ulrich , Keime-Guibert Florence , Malmström Annika , Martinelli Francesca , Stupp Roger , Talacchi Andrea , Weller Michael , Wick Wolfgang , Reijneveld Jaap C , Taphoorn Martin J B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Symptom management in glioma patients remains challenging, as patients suffer from various concurrently occurring symptoms. This study aimed to identify symptom clusters and examine the association between these symptom clusters and patients’ functioning.

Methods
Data of the CODAGLIO project was used, including individual patient data from previously published international randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in glioma patients. Symptom prevalence and level of functioning were assessed with European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BN20 self-report questionnaires. Associations between symptoms were examined with Spearman correlation coefficients and partial correlation networks. Hierarchical cluster analyses were performed to identify symptom clusters. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine independent associations between the symptom clusters and functioning, adjusted for possible confounders.

Results
Included in the analysis were 4307 newly diagnosed glioma patients from 11 RCTs who completed the EORTC questionnaires before randomization. Many patients (44%) suffered from 5–10 symptoms simultaneously. Four symptom clusters were identified: a motor cluster, a fatigue cluster, a pain cluster, and a gastrointestinal/seizures/bladder control cluster. Having symptoms in the motor cluster was associated with decreased (≥10 points difference) physical, role, and social functioning (betas ranged from −11.3 to −15.9, all P &lt; 0.001), independent of other factors. Similarly, having symptoms in the fatigue cluster was found to negatively influence role functioning (beta of −12.3, P &lt; 0.001), independent of other factors.

Conclusions
Two symptom clusters, the fatigue and motor cluster, were frequently affected in glioma patients and were found to independently have a negative association with certain aspects of patients’ functioning as measured with a self-report questionnaire.
Non-Normative Logical Pluralism and the Revenge of the Normativity Objection
Authors: Stei Erik 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLogical pluralism is the view that there is more than one correct logic. Most logical pluralists think that logic is normative in the sense that you make a mistake if you accept the premisses of a valid argument but reject its conclusion. Some authors have argued that this combination is self-undermining: Suppose that $\mathcal {L}_{1}$ and $\mathcal {L}_{2}$ are correct logics that coincide except for the argument from Γ to ϕ, which is valid in $\mathcal {L}_{1}$ but invalid in $\mathcal {L}_{2}$. If you accept all sentences in Γ, then, by normativity, you make a mistake if you reject ϕ. In order to avoid mistakes, you should accept ϕ or suspend judgment about ϕ. Both options are problematic for pluralism. Can pluralists avoid this worry by rejecting the normativity of logic? I argue that they cannot. All else being equal, the argument goes through even if logic is not normative.