bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive derivation of instantaneous free-wave ratio from Invasive Coronary Angiography using a new Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence model and comparison with Human operators’ performance
Authors: Oliveira Catarina , Vilela Marta , Marques João Silva , Jorge Cláudia , Rodrigues Tiago , Francisco Ana Rita , de Oliveira Rita Marante , Silva Beatriz , Silva João Lourenço , Oliveira Arlindo L. , Pinto Fausto J. , Menezes Miguel Nobre 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Invasive coronary physiology is largely underused and not without risk of complications despite its advantages over angiography alone. Artificial intelligence (AI) use in coronary physiology is still rudimentary.
Methods
We developed fully automated AI models capable of automatic coronary angiography segmentation and binary instantaneous free-wave ratio (iFR) lesion classification, based on a single coronary angiography (CAG) image. Three Interventional Cardiologists were asked to classify the target lesions binarily (cut-off ≤ 0,89) based on “raw” fluoroscopic frames AI-segmented frames. Their performance was then compared to AI.
Results
250 measurements from 223 patients were included. Regarding the CAG analysis of all the arteries, the AI model presented an accuracy of 72%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 48%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%, a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 71%. The NPV was particularly high in the circumflex (Cx) and in the right coronary artery (CD) – 96% and 98%, respectively. Regarding human performance, accuracy ranged from 54–74%, PPV from 32–50%, sensitivity from 43–66%, specificity from 50–85% and NPV was 81%. The Operators’ NPV was also high regarding the Cx and RCA (95–97% and 94–97%, respectively), but significantly lower than AI in the left anterior descending artery (60–64% versus 78%).
Conclusions
We developed an AI model capable of binary iFR classification of lesions, slightly outperforming experienced Interventional Cardiologists overall. While not mature enough for clinical use, these results highlight the potential of AI in CAG-based coronary lesions assessment.
First detection and molecular characterization of Jingmen Tick Virus with a high occurrence in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from livestock in Cameroon (2024)
Authors: Kiwan Paloma , Lopez Eva , Gasparine Morena , Piorkowski Geraldine , Colmant Agathe , Paguem Achille , Mvodo Stephanie , Thirion Laurence , Lamballerie Xavier , Charrel Remi , Falchi Alessandra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background.
Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is a novel tick-borne virus detected for the first time in Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in China. To date, there is no information regarding the circulation of JMTV in ticks collected from livestock in Cameroon. This study aims to assess the presence of JMTV in ticks collected from livestock (cattle and sheep) in an area of the Akonolinga health district, Center region, Cameroon.
Methods.
A cross sectional study was carried out during the dry season between the 5th to 14th march 2024. Ticks were collected from cattle and sheep in six sampling sites in an area approximately 30 km long and 18 km wide along the Nyong river, in central Cameroon. Ticks were identified morphologically and molecularly. Total RNA/DNA was extracted from tick pools and screened for JMTV RNA using a segment 2 RT-qPCR system. Positive JMTV pools were sequenced for partial JMTV-Segment 1 and full genome analyses.
Results.
A total of 622 ticks, organized in 251 pools were collected from 155 cattle and 9 sheep. They consisted of five species covering three genera: R. (B.) microplus (472; 75.88%), Amblyomma variegatum (118; 18.97%), Hyalomma truncatum (13; 2.09%), Hyalomma rufipes (2; 0.32%), and other Rhipicephalus spp. (17; 2.73%). The qRT-PCR screening of 251 tick pools yielded 61 JMTV-positive pools of which 58 corresponded to R. (B.) microplus. Multiple sequence analysis revealed that JMTV from the Akonolinga area shared > 95% identity with strains from Guinea, and that these strains clustered phylogenetically together.
Conclusions.
We provided molecular evidence of the presence of JMTV in R. (B.) microplus and A. variegatum collected from cattle and sheep from an area not yet recognized as endemic for this virus confirming the wide geographical distribution of JMTV.
SSCBDTA: Prediction of Drug-Target Binding Affinity with Secondary Sequences and Multiple Cross-Attention Blocks
Authors: Zuo Hai-Wei , Zhou Peng-Cheng , Li Xia , Zhang Hao , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Despite significant progress in existing methods for predicting drug-target binding affinity, there is still room for improvement in better utilizing molecular sequences and designing feature fusion strategies. Addressing these two points, we propose a novel computational model, Secondary Sequence and Cross-attention Block based Drug-Target binding Affinity prediction (SSCBDTA). The model is composed of sequence encoding, feature extraction, modal fusion and a decoder, with three innovations: (i) applying the byte pair encoding algorithm to process vast unlabeled data for obtaining molecular secondary sequences; (ii) extracting features from two perspectives: the primary and secondary sequences of molecules; (iii) combining cross-attention and criss-cross attention to fuse the extracted features of drugs and proteins. In two benchmark datasets, SSCBDTA outperforms ten state-of-the-art models on nearly all evaluation metrics. By conducting four different ablation experiments, we separately validated the effectiveness of molecular secondary sequences and multiple cross-attention in improving the prediction accuracy and stability of SSCBDTA. We also utilized SSCBDTA to predict binding affinities between 3,137 FDA-approved drugs and 6 SARS-CoV-2 replication-related proteins, identifying a number of promising molecules that could be further developed as anti-COVID drugs.
Prevalence and determinants of childhood physical abuse in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies
Authors: Farhana Zaki , Noman Abdullah Al , Lima Fatema Tuj Johora , Jamil Safayet , Kamil Anton Abdulbasah , Rahman Mohammad Meshbahur 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Child physical abuse (CPA) is a significant public health issue in South Asia, yet regional data on its prevalence and contributing factors remain fragmented. This study aims to systematically review and analyze the prevalence of CPA across South Asia, focusing on geographic and period influences.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. Studies reporting on the prevalence of CPA in South Asia were included, and a random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates. Subgroup analyses was conducted based on country and publication years of the study. Meta-regression of the study was also performed according to age and publication years.
Results
A total of 23 studies were analyzed, revealing a pooled prevalence of 44%, with significant variation across countries, ranging from 2.3–72.7%. Conflict-affected regions, Afghanistan exhibited the highest prevalence (72%), while Pakistan had the lowest (27%). High heterogeneity (I²=99.84%) reflects the influence of cultural, socioeconomic, and legal factors on abuse rates across the region. Additionally, an increase in CPA prevalence was observed over time, with a 1.8% (p = 0.01) rise during the study period.
Conclusions
The findings emphasize the urgent need for improved child protection measures, legal enforcement, and further research to understand the underlying causes of abuse and regional disparities in South Asia.
Biostratigraphy of Late Triassic deposits in Central Iranian (Shams abad section in the south of Posht badam Block)
Authors: hadadi Nooshin , Afghah Massih 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In order to conformity of the sedimentary environment and biological fauna of Late Triassic deposits in each of blocks of the Central Iran, including Lut, Tabas, Posht badam and Yazd blocks, as well as to study the tectonics of the region, were selected sever sections in these blocks, including one section It was studied in the south of Posht badam block in Kerman region, this section is located in the northwest of Kerman city, and Between the Kohbanan and Posht badam faults. The studied section with a thickness of 112 meters is mostly composed of shale, sandstone and limestone. it has many fossils including Bivalves, Sponges, Corals, Bryozoa, Microgastropods and Cephalopods, especially Belemnite, which generally shows the presence of Late Triassic sediments (Norian-Rhaetian) in this area. According to the identified index foraminifera, 8 interval & Concurrence rang biozones Including 5 interval Zone Rectoglandulina tenuis, Triassina hantkeni, Ophtalmidum exigum, Angulodiscus communis, Planiinvoluta regularis and 3 Concurrence rang Zone Turrispirillina minima, Involutina liassica, Duostomina alta, were recognized in the Upper Triassic deposits. Based on the identified biozones, the age of the studied sequences, Late Norian - Early Rhaetian, Middle Rhaetian, Until the end of the Triassic, Late Rhaetian to the beginning of Lias is suggested that they are formation considered equivalent to the members of Howz Khan and Qhadir members from the Nayband Formation in central Iran.
Efficacy of venetoclax and azacitidine based therapy in favorable-risk unfit acute myeloid leukemia: a real-world study
Authors: Chen Qi , Wu Ying , Yu Wenjing , Zhu Xiaolu , Pei Xuying , Duan Wenbing , Jia Jinsong , Wang Jing , Zhao Xiaosu , Ruan Guorui , Chang Yingjun , Shi Hongxia , Huang Xiaojun , Jiang Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Venetoclax combined with azacitidine (VA) is a new standard of care for newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are unfit for intensive chemotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed patients who were diagnosed with favorable-risk unfit AML and received VA-based induction regimen between October 2020 and December 2023 in our center. Among 70 patients, 14 had RUNX1::RUNX1T1, 11 had CBFb::MYH11, 14 had CEBPA bzip mutations and 31 had NPM1 mutations. The median age was 60 years (IQR 49–67) and the median follow-up was 18.0 months (IQR 10.9–26.1). The cumulative CR/CRi rate of VA-based induction regimen for all patients was 84.3% (59/70). The median induction course was 1 (range 1–2). The CR/CRi rate for RUNX1::RUNX1T1, CBFb::MYH11, CEBPA bzip and NPM1 mutations was 35.7% (5/14), 90.9% (10/11), 100% (14/14) and 96.8% (30/31), respectively. Twenty patients received long-term VA-based therapy, and 30 received chemotherapy after remission. The MRD negativity rate after two cycle of consolidation therapy was 85.0% (17/20) for VA group and 73.3% (23/30) for chemotherapy group (p = 0.33). There was no significant difference in 2-year OS (p = 0.90) and 2-year EFS (p = 0.58) between VA group (OS: 88.2%; EFS: 41.2%) and chemotherapy group (OS: 83.3%; EFS: 42.8%). The 2-year OS (p = 0.01) and 2-year EFS (p < 0.01) of patients with negative MRD (OS: 89.8%; EFS: 51.4%) were significantly better than those with positive MRD (OS: 65.6%; EFS: 0%). VA-based regimens was an superior option for induction in favorable-risk unfit AML patients who were non-RUNX1::RUNX1T1 positive. Further studies are needed to conform its long-term efficacy.
Tailored treatment and clinical management for DPYD compound heterozygous: a multidisciplinary teamwork
Authors: Simone Laura , Maiorano Brigida Anna , Barbano Raffaela , Mazza Tommaso , Biagini Tommaso , Maggio Gabriele Di , Rodriquenz Maria Grazia , Nanni Luciano , Ciavarella Grazia , Rinaldi Antonio , Re Marzia Del , Carella Massimo , Fania Giuseppe , Maiello Evaristo , Miscio Giuseppe , Latiano Tiziana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), encoded by the DPYD gene, is the rate-limiting enzyme governing fluoropyrimidines (FPs) catabolism. Impaired or abrogated DPD enzyme activity is often caused by genetic polymorphisms in the DPYD gene that are well-validated predictors of FP-associated toxicity. Presently, four DPYD variants are included in FP genetic-based dosing guidelines. Patient safety of FP treatment has been significantly improved by pre-emptive screening for DPYD genotype variants and dose adjustments in individuals carrying heterozygous DPYD variant alleles. Nonetheless, managing carriers of multiple DPYD gene variants remains still challenging We conducted a study involving patients undergoing standard-of-care fluoropyrimidine treatment who underwent preemptive DPYD genotyping for DPYD*2A, DPYD*13, D949V, and IVS10. Additionally, patients were screened for the DPYD*6. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. Adverse events (AEs) ≥ grade 3 were considered severe. Herein, we report 4 cases of patients carrying double-site heterozygous variants of the DPYD gene (IVS10 and DPYD*6), diagnosed with either colon adenocarcinoma or breast cancer. These patients underwent pharmacogenetic-guided dose reduction of the standard by 25–50%, showing varying treatment responses. In conclusion, the management of patients carrying double-site heterozygous IVS10 and DPYD*6 variants should be performed by a multidisciplinary team due to the need for tailored treatment approaches including precision dosing, integrative deep analysis and therapeutic drug monitoring for early detection of AEs in order to maintain effectiveness and safety for each case.
Nonlinear analysis of groundwater levels: Investigating trends and the impact of El Niño on groundwater drought in a southern region of India
Authors: Poojitha Kondeti , Dodamani Basavanand M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The expansion of groundwater irrigation and the cultivation of water-intensive sugarcane crop, combined with low rainfall, has aggravated groundwater depletion and intensified droughts in a semi-arid region of the Upper Krishna basin, India. Consequently, assessing and managing groundwater resources in this region has become a priority for local authorities. However, this task is challenging due to the limited and inconsistent nature of historical observations, which complicates the balancing of temporal and spatial resolution in groundwater level data. The prevalence of missing values and the lack of sufficient information about their causes further complicate groundwater assessments, leading to potentially inaccurate interpretations. This study employs an iterative singular spectrum analysis (SSA) approach to impute missing groundwater level data from 25 monitoring wells. The reconstructed data is then used to identify nonlinear trends and investigate the impact of strong El Niño events on groundwater drought through cross wavelet transform (XWT) and wavelet coherence (WTC) analyses between 1983 and 2017. The SSA-extracted nonlinear trends revealed short-term deviations in groundwater levels during 1991–2000, 2002–2003, and 2015–2017, which were corroborated by significant cross wavelet power and high wavelet coherence between the Niño 3.4 SST Index and groundwater drought, particularly in low rainfall conditions, indicating stress on the groundwater system. Although the study effectively captures the nonlinear nature of groundwater levels and the influence of climate variability on drought, the complexity of the groundwater system in the region persists due to physical water scarcity and high groundwater extraction for irrigation. This study underscores the importance of imputing missing data and applying nonlinear trend and wavelet analysis to detect short-term deviations caused by severe droughts, driven by strong El Niño events and high irrigation demands.
Unraveling Predictors of Reading Difficulties in EFL 6th Graders: Insights from latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression
Authors: Kim EunJung 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study examines predictors of reading difficulties in 6th-grade EFL students via latent profile analysis (LPA) and multinomial logistic regression. Six profiles were identified, including the Disinterested in English Group, which faces severe reading challenges due to a poor home English environment (HEE), low parental support (PS), minimal English exposure, and low interest; the English Necessity Recognition Group, which struggles despite understanding English’s importance; the Excellent Parental Support Group, which experiences nonword reading issues despite strong PS and HEE; and the Excellent English Environment Group, which has the best reading outcomes. The key predictors of reduced reading difficulty are a robust HEE, high English exposure, and genuine interest. The study highlights the need for integrating supportive factors, such as improving HEE and PS, and emphasizing phonics education to enhance reading skills and motivation. Future research should explore additional variables and diverse populations.
Enhancing lettuce resilience to cadmium stress: Insights from raw vs. cystamine-modified biochar
Authors: Chen Rongqi , Duan XI , Xu Ruoxuan , Zhao Tao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims and Methods
Understanding the interactions among biochar, plants, soils, and microbial communities is essential for developing effective, eco-friendly soil remediation agents. This study investigates the mechanisms by which cystamine-modified biochar (Cys-BC) alleviates cadmium (Cd) toxicity in lettuce, comparing its effects to those of raw biochar across key parameters: plant growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, available Cd in root-sheet-soil, and shifts in microbial communities.
Results
Cys-BC significantly enhances biomass, increasing above-ground growth by 40.54–44.95% and root biomass by 37.54–47.44% compared to Cd-stressed controls. Photosynthetic parameters, including chlorophyll a content and net photosynthetic rate, improve by up to 91.02% and 37.93%, respectively. Cys-BC mitigates oxidative stress, enhancing antioxidant activities by 73.83–99.39%. Additionally, it reduces available soil Cd levels while promoting microbial diversity, as evidenced by increases in Shannon, Chao1, and ACE indices of 12.81%, 14.48%, and 17.15%, respectively.
Conclusions
Cys-BC enhances glutathione reductase activity and increase cysteine levels within the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, functioning through increased soil cation exchange for Cd passivation rather than through pH modifications. Significant shifts in microbial communities, particularly the increases in Deltaproteobacteria and Nitrospira, underscore their roles in sulfur and nitrogen metabolism. These findings provide new insights into how modified biochar, specifically Cys-BC, can effectively address Cd contamination, highlighting its potential for broader applications in soil remediation.
Impact of noradrenergic inhibition on neuroinflammation and pathophysiology in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: Evans Andrew K. , Park Heui Hye , Woods Claire E. , Lam Rachel K. , Rijsketic Daniel Ryskamp , Xu Christine , Chu Emily , Ciari Peter , Blumenfeld Sarah , Vidano Laura M. , Saw Nay L. , Heifets Boris D. , Shamloo Mehrdad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Norepinephrine (NE) modulates cognitive function, arousal, attention, and responses to novelty and stress, and also regulates neuroinflammation. We previously demonstrated behavioral and immunomodulatory effects of beta-adrenergic pharmacology in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies were designed to block noradrenergic signaling in 5XFAD mice through 1) chemogenetic inhibition of the locus coeruleus (LC), 2)pharmacologic blocking of β-adrenergic receptors, and 3) conditional deletion of β1- or β2-adrenergic receptors (adrb1 or adrb2) in microglia.
First, brain-wide AD pathology was mapped in 3D by imaging immunolabeled, cleared 5XFAD brains to assess the overlap between Aβ pathology, reactive microglia, and the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the catecholaminergic system. To examine the effects of inhibiting the LC NE system in the 5XFAD model, inhibitory (Gi) DREADD receptors were expressed specifically in LC NE neurons. LC NE neurons were chronically inhibited through the subcutaneous pump administration of the DREADD agonist clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). Plasma and brains were collected for assessment of neuroinflammation and pathology. A separate cohort of 5XFAD mice was chronically dosed with the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol or vehicle and evaluated for behavior, as well as post-mortem neuroinflammation and pathology. Finally, we used 5XFAD mice with conditional deletion of either adrb1 or adrb2 in microglia to assess neuroinflammation and pathology mediated by β-adrenergic signaling.
Using iDISCO, light sheet fluorescence microscopy, and novel analyses, we detected widespread microgliosis and amyloid pathology, along with modest TH downregulation in fibers across multiple brain regions, in contrast to the spatially limited TH downregulation observed in neurons. Both chemogenetic inhibition of LC adrenergic signaling and pharmacological inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors potentiated neuroinflammation without altering amyloid beta pathology. Conditional deletion of adrb1 in microglia did not affect neuroinflammation. Conditional deletion of adrb2 in microglia attenuated inflammation and pathology in females but had no effect in males. Overall, these data support previous observations demonstrating the immunomodulatory effects of beta-adrenergic signaling in the pathophysiology of brain disorders and suggest that adrenergic receptors on cell types other than microglia, such as astrocytes, may predominantly mediate the disease-modifying effects of β-adrenergic agonists in the brain.