bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach to the Mechanism of Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyzed by a Model Co Clathrochelate: A Theoretical Study by Density Functional Theory
Authors: Antuch Manuel , Millet Pierre 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has attracted much attention within the scientific community because of increasing demands of modern society for clean and renewable energy sources. Molecular complexes of 3d‐transition metals, such as cobalt, hold potential to replace platinum for the HER in acidic media. Among these, cage complexes such as tris‐glyoximate metal clathrochelates, have demonstrated promising catalytic properties towards the HER. However, it is not clear whether the catalytic activity of this molecule stems from metal‐centered activation of H+, due to a low oxidation state of the metal stabilized by the surrounding organic cage, or if it is the organic cage playing a further cooperative role in bringing protons together. Herein, we report on a density functional theory study of two possible mechanisms for the HER catalyzed by a model Co clathrochelate. To assess the putative ligand involvement in the mechanism, several combinations of single and double protonation sites were investigated. The structural and energetic analysis of relevant intermediates suggests that the electrocatalytic mechanism is not based on the cooperation between the ligand and the metal. Instead, it is mainly due to the activation of H+ by the Co metallocenter. Our calculations further suggest that the last step in the mechanism is a proton coupled electron transfer step.
Bismuth Vanadate with Electrostatically Anchored 3D Carbon Nitride Nano‐networks as Efficient Photoanodes for Water Oxidation
Authors: Luan Peng , Zhang Ying , Zhang Xiaolong , Li Zhijun , Prathapan Ragesh , Bach Udo , Zhang Jie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we report a photoanode consisting of a polymeric/inorganic nanojunction between novel nanostructured 3D C3N4 nano‐networks and BiVO4 substrate. This nanojunction is formed such that 3D C3N4 nano‐networks with a positively charged surface are efficiently anchored on the BiVO4 photoanode with a negatively charged surface. This electrostatic self‐assembly can initiate and contribute to an intimate contact at the interfaces, leading to an enhanced photoelectrochemical activity and stability compared with that fabricated by non‐electrostatic assembly. The C3N4 nano‐network/BiVO4 photoanode achieved a remarkable photocurrent density of 4.87 mA cm−2 for water oxidation at 1.23 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) after depositing FeOOH/NiOOH as oxygen‐evolution co‐catalyst, which is among the highest photocurrent densities reported so far for BiVO4‐based photoanodes.
Shape Engineering of Biomass‐Derived Nanoparticles from Hollow Spheres to Bowls through Solvent‐Induced Buckling
Authors: Chen Chunhong , Li Xuefeng , Deng Jiang , Wang Zhe , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe realization of asymmetric hollow carbonaceous nanostructures remains a great challenge, especially when biomass is chosen as the carbon resource through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Herein, a simple and straightforward solvent‐induced buckling strategy is demonstrated for the synthesis of asymmetric spherical and bowl‐like carbonaceous nanomaterials. The formation of the bowl‐like morphology was attributed to the buckling of the spherical shells induced by the dissolution of the oligomers. The bowl‐like particles prepared through this solvent‐driven approach demonstrated a well‐controlled morphology and a uniform particle size of approximately 360 nm. The obtained nanospheres and nanobowls were loaded with CoS2 nanoparticles to act as heterogeneous catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds. As expected, the CoS2/nanobowls catalyst showed good tolerance to a wide scope of reducible groups and afforded both high activity and selectivity in almost all the tested substrates.
New perspectives on the Luoquan Glaciation (Ediacaran‐Cambrian) of North China
Authors: Le Heron Daniel Paul , Vandyk Thomas Matthew , Wu Guanghui , Li Meng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Luoquan Formation provides a record of the Ediacaran‐Cambrian glaciation in the North China Craton. The sedimentary record is well expressed in the Henan Province along the central China orogen, and includes a rich archive of striated pavements, diamictites, and dropstone‐bearing laminites. A reappraisal of the sedimentological evolution of the Luoquan Formation notes the following features. First, striated pavements with crosscutting striations do not necessarily record multiple phases of glacial (re)advance, but more likely originate through the development of sticky spots in a palaeo‐ice stream setting. The development of obstacles, basal adfreezing, or porosity variations in the subglacial substrate resulted in curvilinear and bifurcating striae, which can superficially be mistaken for crosscutting striae in isolated sections. Second, “massive” diamictites as previously described are in fact commonly weakly stratified, and there is a continuum from dropstone‐bearing rhythmically bedded shales and siltstones, through stratified diamictites to massive diamictites. This continuum is believed indicative of deposition by rain out from debris rich ice for those diamictites with less pronounced stratification, in contrast to the mass flow hypothesis previously suggested. Third, the presence of large‐scale, recumbent folds with associated thrusts is described at the type section. The suite of large‐scale deformation structures, measuring >30 m in amplitude, is sealed by undeformed diamictites. The deformation structures are interpreted to reflect soft‐sediment deformation produced through ice bulldozing. Integrating these observations, it is proposed that the Luoquan Formation was deposited in a large proglacial lake setting, with a range of ice contact to ice distal environments recognized.
The production and release of microcystin related to phytoplankton biodiversity and water salinity in two cyanobacteria blooming lakes
Authors: Jia Junmei , Chen Qiuwen , Wang Min , Zhang Jianyun , Yi Qitao , Hu Liuming 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

To find the connections between microcystins and the phytoplankton community, coupled with environmental factors, we investigated 2 cyanobacteria blooming lakes, Lake Taihu (at the center of the Yangtze River Delta, eastern China) and Lake Yanghe (near Qinhuangdao City, northern China). Two years of data, including water quality and the amounts of phytoplankton, microcystins, and the congeners in both algal cells and water, were collected from the 2 lakes during 2013 and 2014. The results showed that both the microcystin quota and release percentage were positively correlated with biodiversity of phytoplankton and the Chlorophyta to phytoplankton ratio, but were negatively correlated with cyanobacteria abundance and the cyanobacteria to phytoplankton ratio; both the microcystin quota and release percentage were closely related to the intensity of competition between cyanobacteria and other phytoplankton; meanwhile, microcystins played a role in the competition between cyanobacteria and other phytoplankton. Salinity had a significantly negative relationship with both cellular and total microcystins, but a significantly positive relationship with the microcystin releasing percentage, indicating that an increase in salinity inhibited the production of microcystins but promoted their release into the aquatic environment. In addition, the average number of microcystins in Lake Yanghe was several times higher than the provisional guideline value adopted by the World Health Organization, indicating a possible health risk to local people. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2312–2322. © 2018 SETAC.
13q deletion is linked to an adverse phenotype and poor prognosis in prostate cancer
Authors: Kluth Martina , Scherzai Sekander , Büschek Franziska , Fraune Christoph , Möller Katharina , Höflmayer Doris , Minner Sarah , Göbel Cosima , Möller‐Koop Christina , Hinsch Andrea , Neubauer Emily , Tsourlakis Maria Christina , Sauter Guido , Heinzer Hans , Graefen Markus , Wilczak Waldemar , Luebke Andreas M , Burandt Eike , Steurer Stefan , Schlomm Thorsten , Simon Ronald 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDeletions of chromosome arm 13q belong to the most frequent molecular alterations in prostate cancer. To better understand the role of 13q deletion in prostate cancer we took advantage of our large prostate cancer tissue microarray comprising more than 12 000 cancer samples with full pathological and clinical follow‐up data. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes for ENOX1 (13q14.11) and the retinoblastoma gene (RB1, 13q14.2) was employed. A 13q deletion was found in 21% of 7375 analyzable cancers. Deletions were always heterozygous and associated with high Gleason grade (P < .0001), advanced tumor stage (P < .0001), high preoperative prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels (P = .0125), lymph node metastasis (P = .0377), positive resection margin (P = .0064), and early biochemical recurrence (P < .0001). 13q deletions were marginally more frequent in prostate cancers with negative ERG status (22.9%) than in ERG‐positive tumors (18.7%; P < .0001). Loss of 13q predicted patient prognosis independently from established prognostic parameters that are available at the time of biopsy (P = .0004), including preoperative PSA level, clinical tumor stage, and biopsy Gleason grade. In summary, the results of our study identify 13q deletion as a frequent event in prostate cancer, which is linked to an adverse phenotype and poor prognosis in this disease.
Real‐time strategy video game experience and structural connectivity – A diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Kowalczyk Natalia , Shi Feng , Magnuski Mikolaj , Skorko Maciek , Dobrowolski Pawel , Kossowski Bartosz , Marchewka Artur , Bielecki Maksymilian , Kossut Malgorzata , Brzezicka Aneta 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExperienced video game players exhibit superior performance in visuospatial cognition when compared to non‐players. However, very little is known about the relation between video game experience and structural brain plasticity. To address this issue, a direct comparison of the white matter brain structure in RTS (real time strategy) video game players (VGPs) and non‐players (NVGPs) was performed. We hypothesized that RTS experience can enhance connectivity within and between occipital and parietal regions, as these regions are likely to be involved in the spatial and visual abilities that are trained while playing RTS games. The possible influence of long‐term RTS game play experience on brain structural connections was investigated using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and a region of interest (ROI) approach in order to describe the experience‐related plasticity of white matter. Our results revealed significantly more total white matter connections between occipital and parietal areas and within occipital areas in RTS players compared to NVGPs. Additionally, the RTS group had an altered topological organization of their structural network, expressed in local efficiency within the occipito‐parietal subnetwork. Furthermore, the positive association between network metrics and time spent playing RTS games suggests a close relationship between extensive, long‐term RTS game play and neuroplastic changes. These results indicate that long‐term and extensive RTS game experience induces alterations along axons that link structures of the occipito‐parietal loop involved in spatial and visual processing.
Thalamic white matter in multiple sclerosis: A combined diffusion‐tensor imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping study
Authors: Bergsland Niels , Schweser Ferdinand , Dwyer Michael G. , Weinstock‐Guttman Bianca , Benedict Ralph H. B. , Zivadinov Robert 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThalamic white matter (WM) injury in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains relatively poorly understood. Combining multiple imaging modalities, sensitive to different tissue properties, may aid in further characterizing thalamic damage. Forty‐five MS patients and 17 demographically‐matched healthy controls (HC) were scanned with 3T MRI to obtain quantitative measures of diffusivity and magnetic susceptibility. Participants underwent cognitive evaluation with the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis battery. Tract‐based spatial statistics identified thalamic WM. Non‐parametric combination (NPC) analysis was used to perform joint inference on fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and magnetic susceptibility measures. The association of surrounding WM lesions and thalamic WM pathology was investigated with lesion probability mapping. Compared to HCs, the greatest extent of thalamic WM damage was reflected by the combination of increased MD and decreased magnetic susceptibility (63.0% of thalamic WM, peak p = .001). Controlling for thalamic volume resulted in decreased FA and magnetic susceptibility (34.1%, peak p = .004) as showing the greatest extent. In MS patients, the most widespread association with information processing speed was found with the combination of MD and magnetic susceptibility (67.6%, peak p = .0005), although this was not evident after controlling for thalamic volume. For memory measures, MD alone yielded the most widespread associations (45.9%, peak p = .012 or 76.7%, peak p = .001), even after considering thalamic volume, albeit with smaller percentages. White matter lesions were related to decreased FA (peak p = .0063) and increased MD (peak p = .007), but not magnetic susceptibility, of thalamic WM. Our study highlights the complex nature of thalamic pathology in MS.
Mycotoxin zearalenone induced gonadal impairment and altered gene expression in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis of adult female zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Muthulakshmi Sellamani , Hamideh Pourmohammadi Fallah , Habibi Hamid R. , Maharajan Kannan , Kadirvelu Krishna , Mudili Venkataramana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the present study, we aimed to assess the adverse effects of zearalenone (ZEA) at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.5, 1, 5 and 10 μg l−1) on hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis associated reproductive function using zebrafish model. ZEA was exposed to female zebrafish for 21 days to assess growth indices such as condition factor, hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index and caspase 3 activity. Further, expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and CYP19a1b genes in the brain, ERα and vitellogenin (Vtg) genes in the liver and follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, ERα, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD), 17‐βHSD and CYP19a1 genes in the ovary were also investigated. Our results showed that there were no significant changes in the condition factor and hepatosomatic index, whereas a significant (P < .05) reduction in the gonadosomatic index, increase in caspase 3 activities and Vtg expression was observed at higher concentration. However, no significant changes were observed at lower treatment levels. Further, we also observed significant (P < .05) upregulation in ERα, Vtg, luteinizing hormone receptor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 3β‐HSD, 17β‐HSD, CYP19a1 and CYP19a1b genes in treatment groups with higher levels of ZEA. Moreover, in histopathological examination, we observed oocyte atresia and oocyte membrane detachment in ovaries at the highest concentration. In conclusion, the present study revealed the negative impact of ZEA on zebrafish reproductive system by involvement of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis‐associated reproductive function.
Bone Turnover Markers Are Not Associated With Hip Fracture Risk: A Case-Control Study in the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Crandall Carolyn J , Vasan Sowmya , LaCroix Andrea , LeBoff Meryl S , Cauley Jane A , Robbins John A , Jackson Rebecca D , Bauer Douglas C 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Current guidelines recommend that serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and serum procollagen type 1 aminoterminal propeptide (PINP), measured by standardized assays, be used as reference markers in observational and interventional studies. However, there are limited data to determine whether serum CTX and PINP are associated with hip fracture risk among postmenopausal women. We determined the associations of serum CTX and serum PINP with hip fracture risk among postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years at baseline. We performed a prospective case-control study (400 cases, 400 controls) nested in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, which enrolled participants at 40 US clinical centers. Cases were women with incident hip fracture not taking osteoporosis medication; hip fractures were confirmed using medical records. Untreated controls were matched by age, race/ethnicity, and date of blood sampling. Serum CTX and serum PINP were analyzed on 12-hour fasting blood samples. The main outcome measure was incident hip fracture risk (mean follow-up 7.13 years). After adjustment for body mass index, smoking, frequency of falls, history of fracture, calcium and vitamin D intake, and other relevant covariates, neither serum CTX level nor serum PINP level was statistically significantly associated with hip fracture risk (CTX ptrend = 0.22, PINP ptrend = 0.53). Our results do not support the utility of serum CTX level or PINP level to predict hip fracture risk in women in this age group. These results will inform future guidelines regarding the potential utility of these markers in fracture prediction. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐183 induces epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and promotes endometrial cancer cell migration and invasion in by targeting CPEB1
Authors: Xiong Hanzhen , Chen Ruichao , Liu Shaoyan , Lin Qiongyan , Chen Hui , Jiang Qingping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of microRNA‐183 (miR‐183) to influence epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in endometrial cancer (EC) by targeting cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1(CPEB1). EC tissues with matched nonmalignant tissues were collected from 208 EC patients. Ishikawa and RL95‐2 cells were selected for cell experiments in vitro and each kind of cells were grouped into blank, negative control (NC), miR‐183 mimic, miR‐183 inhibitor, CPEB1 overexpression, and miR‐183 mimic + CPEB1 overexpression groups. Expressions of miR‐183, CPEB1, E‐cadherin, and Vimentin were determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blotting. Cell viability, colony formation ability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay, clone formation assay, scratch test, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry. In vivo tumorigenesis of Ishikawa cells was evaluated by tumor formation in nude mice. The miR‐183 expression was higher, but the CPEB1 expression was lower in EC tissues than in adjacent nonmalignant tissues. CPEB1 was confirmed as the target of miR‐183 by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The miR‐183 mimic group had increased cell viability, colony formation ability, cell invasion and migration, tumor volume and weight in nude mice, but decreased cell apoptosis when compared with the blank group. The expression of E‐cadherin was down‐regulate, but expression of Vimentin was up‐regulate in the miR‐183 mimic group in comparison with the blank group. In terms of a comparison between the blank group and CPEB1 overexpression group, the CPEB1 overexpression group had suppressed cell viability, colony formation ability, cell invasion and migration, tumor volume and weight, but increased cell apoptosis. The expression of E‐cadherin was up‐regulated, but the expression of Vimentin was down‐regulated in the CPEB1 overexpression group in comparison with the blank group. The miR‐183 mimic + CPEB1 overexpression group had higher miR‐183 expression than the blank group. These findings indicate that miR‐183 induces EMT, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumorigenesis in EC by targeting CPEB1.
microRNA‐30d mediated breast cancer invasion, migration, and EMT by targeting KLF11 and activating STAT3 pathway
Authors: Han Mingli , Wang Yimeng , Guo Guangcheng , Li Lin , Dou Dongwei , Ge Xin , Lv Pengwei , Wang Fang , Gu Yuanting 
Published: June 2018

AbstractmiR‐30d has been shown to play pivotal roles in cancer development, and has the potential to act as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, the specific function and molecular mechanism of miR‐30d in breast cancer cell growth and metastasis is still unknown. The present study seeks to shed light on the potential contribution of the MiR‐30d‐KLF‐11‐STAT3 pathway in breast cancer. The results revealed that miR‐30d levels were markedly increased in the breast cancer cell lines BT474, MDA‐MB‐231, HCC197, and MDA‐MB‐468 compared with the non‐tumor mammary gland MCF10A cell line. Furthermore, the miR‐30d mimic increased BT474 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell survival, inhibited apoptosis and increased Bcl‐2 expression, whilst inhibited Bax protein levels. miR‐30d mimics promote BT474 and MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration, invasion, and mediate the EMT phenotype. However, miR‐30d inhibitors reverse all of the effects of miR‐30d mimics on breast cancer cell biology. Also, we observed that KLF‐11 is a direct target of miR‐30d and KLF‐11 and pSTAT3 expression are determined by miR‐30d. Finally, the results suggest that miR‐30d plays essential roles in breast cancer cells in a manner that is dependent on the levels of KLF‐1 and pSTAT3. In summary, miR‐30d appears to be a novel diagnostic biomarker and treatment target in breast cancer.
EndophilinA2 protects against angiotensin II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting angiotensin II type 1 receptor trafficking in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
Authors: Liu Yun , Shen Huan‐Jia , Wang Xin‐Qiu‐Yue , Liu Hai‐Qi , Zheng Ling‐Yun , Luo Jian‐Dong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy is one of the major risk factors for chronic heart failure. The role of endophilinA2 (EndoA2) in clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and clathrin‐independent endocytosis is well documented. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that EndoA2 protects against angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by mediating intracellular angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1‐R) trafficking in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by using cell surface area and quantitative RT‐PCR (qPCR) analyses. For the first time, we found that EndoA2 attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by Ang II. Moreover, EndoA2 inhibited apoptosis induced by excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which accounted for the beneficial effects of EndoA2 on cardiac hypertrophy. We further revealed that there was an interaction between EndoA2 and AT1‐R.The expression levels of EndoA2, which inhibits AT1‐R transport from the cytoplasm to the membrane, and the interaction between EndoA2 and AT1‐R were obviously decreased after Ang II treatment. Furthermore, Ang II inhibited the co‐localization of AT1‐R with GRP‐78, which was reversed by EndoA2 overexpression. In conclusion, our results suggested that EndoA2 plays a role in protecting against cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II, possibly by inhibiting AT1‐R transport from the cytoplasm to the membrane to suppress signal transduction.