bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of nutricereals and milk‐based beverage: Process optimization and validation of improved nutritional properties
Authors: Kumar Ashwani , Kaur Amarjeet , Tomer Vidisha , Rasane Prasad , Gupta Kritika 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe present study was conducted to develop finger millet and oats based functional beverage. The nutricereals were ground into coarse flour and blended in various proportions (90:10–50:50) to prepare the drink. The functional drink, optimized using response surface methodology, was prepared using malt‐drink (diluted formulation of finger millet: oat in the ratio 60:40) and double toned milk (40:60–60:40). The final optimized product was found to be rich in dietary fibers (1.23%) viz. β‐glucan (101.33 mg/100 mL), and the antioxidants like total polyphenols (52.33 mg/100 mL). The drink was low in fat (1.26%), cholesterol (3.10 mg/100 mL), and lactose (1.75%). Sensory acceptability of the selected beverage (7.21) was at par with the sweetened cattle milk (7.52) on a 9‐point hedonic scale. The overall cost of ready to serve drink was INR 10 (serving size 200 mL), ensuring the economic feasibility of the drink.Practical applicationsFinger millet is a rich source of calcium, iron and zinc; and oats are rich in beta‐glucan. Incorporation of finger millet and oats improve the overall functional properties of milk. The complementation of the finger millet with oats can further enhance the physical as well as the functional properties of the milk. The dietary fiber content of the nutricereal based beverage was also increased, which makes it a potential prebiotic. The drink also provides an improved way for the introduction of millets in futuristic food products.
Scaling‐up evidence‐based obesity interventions: A systematic review assessing intervention adaptations and effectiveness and quantifying the scale‐up penalty
Authors: McCrabb Sam , Lane Cassandra , Hall Alix , Milat Andrew , Bauman Adrian , Sutherland Rachel , Yoong Serene , Wolfenden Luke 
Published: March 2019

SummaryMaximizing the benefits of investments in obesity research requires effective interventions to be adopted and disseminated broadly across populations (scaled‐up). However, interventions often need considerable adaptation to enable implementation at scale, a process that can reduce the effects of interventions. A systematic review was undertaken for trials that sought to deliver an obesity intervention to populations on a larger scale than a preceding randomized controlled trial (RCT) that established its efficacy. Ten scaled‐up obesity interventions (six prevention and four treatment) were included. All trials made adaptations to interventions as part of the scale‐up process, with mode of delivery adaptations being most common. A meta‐analysis of body mass index (BMI)/BMI z score (zBMI) from three prevention RCTs found no significant benefit of scaled‐up interventions relative to control (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.03; 95% CI, −0.09 to 0.15, P = 0.639 − I2 = 0.0%). All four treatment interventions reported significant improvement on all measures of weight status. Pooled BMI/zBMI data from prevention trials found significantly lower effects among scaled‐up intervention trials than those reported in pre–scale‐up efficacy trials (SMD = −0.11; 95% CI, −0.20 to −0.02, P = 0.018 − I2 = 0.0%). Across measures of weight status, physical activity/sedentary behaviour, and nutrition, the effects reported in scaled‐up interventions were typically 75% or less of the effects reported in pre–scale‐up efficacy trials. The findings underscore the challenge of scaling‐up obesity interventions.
Construction of a high-density linkage map and QTL analysis for pistil abortion in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)
Authors: Zhang Junhuan , Sun Haoyuan , Yang Li , Jiang Fengchao , Zhang Meiling , Wang Yuzhu 
Published: March 2019

A high-density genetic map of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) was constructed using an F1 population constructed by crossing two main Chinese cultivars ‘Chuanzhihong’ and ‘Luotuohuang’, coupled with a recently developed reduced representation library (RRL) sequencing. The average sequencing depth was 38.97 in ‘Chuanzhihong’ (female parent), 33.05 in ‘Luotuohuang’ (male parent), and 8.91 in each progeny. Based on the sequencing data, 12 451 polymorphic markers were developed and used in the construction of the genetic linkage map. The final map of apricot comprised eight linkage groups, including 1991 markers, and covered 886.25 cM of the total map length. The average distance between adjacent markers was narrowed to 0.46 cM. Gaps larger than 5 cM only accounted for <0.33%. To our knowledge, this map is the densest genetic linkage map that is currently available for apricot research. It is a valuable linkage map for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identification of important agronomic traits. Moreover, the high marker density and well-ordered markers that this linkage map provides will be useful for molecular breeding of apricot as well. In this study, we applied this map in the QTL analysis of an important agronomic trait, pistil abortion. Several QTLs were detected and mapped respectively to the middle regions of LG5 (51.005∼59.4 cM) and LG6 (72.884∼76.562 cM), with nine SLAF markers closely linked to pistil abortion. The high-density genetic map and QTLs detected in this study will facilitate marker-assisted breeding and apricot genomic study.
Prognostic Significance of Metastatic Lymph Node Ratio in Patients with pN3 Gastric Cancer Who Underwent Curative Gastrectomy
Authors: Bilici Ahmet , Selcukbiricik Fatih , Seker Mesut , Oven Basak B. , Olmez Omer Fatih , Yildiz Ozcan , Olmuscelik Oktay , Hamdard Jamshid , Acikgoz Ozgur , Cakir Asli , Kapran Yersu , Balik Emre , Oncel Mustafa 
Published: March 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Lymph node involvement is an important prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of metastatic lymph node ratio (MLNR) and compare it to the number of lymph node metastasis in pN3 gastric cancer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients with pN3 gastric cancer who had undergone radical gastrectomy. Prognostic factors and MLNR were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> An MLNR of 0.75 was found to be the best cut-off value to determine the prognosis of patients with pN3 gastric cancer (p = 0.001). The MLNR was significantly higher in patients with large-sized and undifferentiated tumors, vascular, lymphatic and perineural invasion, and total gastrectomy. In multivariate analysis, MLNR (p = 0.041), tumor differentiation (p = 0.046), and vascular invasion (p = 0.012) were found to be independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival, while both MLNR (p &#x3c; 0.001) and pN stage (p = 0.002) were independent prognostic indicators, as was tumor size, for overall survival. There was significant difference with respect to the recurrence patterns between MLNR groups. Lymph node and peritoneal recurrences were significantly higher in patients with MLNR &#x3e; 0.75 compared to the MLNR &#x3c; 0.75 group (p &#x3c; 0.05). However, recurrence patterns were similar between pN3a and pN3b. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results showed that MLNR was a useful indicator to determine the prognosis and recurrence patterns of patients with radically resected gastric cancer. Moreover, MLNR is a beneficial and reliable technique for evaluating lymph node metastasis.
Glucocorticoid Receptor‐Binding and Transcriptome Signature in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Severinova Elena , Alikunju Saleena , Deng Wei , Dhawan Puneet , Sayed Nazish , Sayed Danish 
Published: March 2019

Background
An increase in serum cortisol has been identified as a risk factor for cardiac failure, which highlights the impact of glucocorticoid signaling in cardiomyocytes and its influence in the progression of failure. Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, is sufficient for induction of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, but little is known of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) genome‐binding and ‐dependent transcriptional changes that mediate this phenotype.

Methods and Results
In this study using high‐resolution sequencing, we identified genomic targets of GR and associated change in the transcriptome after 1 and 24 hours of dexamethasone treatment. We showed that GR associates with 6482 genes in the cardiac genome, with differential regulation of 738 genes. Interestingly, alignment of the chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA sequencing data show that, after 1 hour, 69% of differentially regulated genes are associated with GR and identify as regulators of RNA pol II–dependent transcription. Conversely, after 24 hours only 45% of regulated genes are associated with GR and involved in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies as well as other growth‐related pathways. In addition, our data also reveal that a majority of genes (76.42%) associated with GR show incremental changes in transcript abundance and are genes involved in basic cellular processes that might be regulated by the dynamics of promoter‐paused RNA pol II, as seen in hearts undergoing hypertrophy. In vivo administration of dexamethasone resulted in similar changes in the cardiac transcriptome, as seen in isolated cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions
Our data reveal genome‐wide GR binding sites in cardiomyocytes, identify novel targets and GR‐dependent change in the transcriptome that induces and contributes to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Delayed Resolution of Cerebral Edema Is Associated With Poor Outcome After Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Rass Verena , Ianosi Bogdan-Andrei , Wegmann Andreas , Gaasch Max , Schiefecker Alois J. , Kofler Mario , Lindner Anna , Addis Alberto , Almashad Salma S. , Rhomberg Paul , Pfausler Bettina , Beer Ronny , Gizewski Elke R. , Thomé Claudius , Helbok Raimund 
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—
Global cerebral edema occurs in up to 57% of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is associated with prolonged hospital stay and poor outcome. Recently, admission brain edema was successfully graded using a simplified computed tomography-based semiquantitative score (subarachnoid hemorrhage early brain edema score [SEBES]). Longitudinal evaluation of the SEBES grade may discriminate patients with rapid and delayed edema resolution after SAH. Here, we aimed to describe the resolution of brain edema and to study the relationship between this radiographic biomarker and hospital course and outcome after SAH.

Methods—
For the current observational cohort study, computed tomography scans of 283 consecutive nontraumatic SAH patients admitted to the neurological intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital were graded based on the absence of visible sulci at 2 predefined brain tissue levels in each hemisphere (SEBES ranging from 0 to 4). A score of ≥3 was defined as high-grade SEBES. Multivariable regression models using generalized linear models were used to identify associated factors with delayed edema resolution based on the median time to resolution (SEBES ≤2) in SAH survivors.

Results—
Patients were 57 years old (interquartile range, 48–68) and presented with a median admission Hunt and Hess grade of 3 (interquartile range, 1–5). High-grade SEBES was common (106/283, 37%) and resolved within a median of 8 days (interquartile range, 4–15) in survivors (N=80). Factors associated with delayed edema resolution were early (<72 hours) hypernatremia (>150 mmol/L; adjusted odds ratio [adjOR], 4.88; 95% CI, 1.68–14.18), leukocytosis (>15 G/L; adjOR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.24–8.77), hyperchloremia (>121 mmol/L; adjOR, 5.24; 95% CI, 1.64–16.76), and female sex (adjOR, 3.71; 95% CI, 1.01–13.64) after adjusting for admission Hunt and Hess grade and age. Delayed brain edema resolution was an independent predictor of worse functional 3-month outcome (adjOR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.07–5.92).

Conclusions—
Our data suggest that repeated quantification of the SEBES can identify SAH patients with delayed edema resolution. Based on its’ prognostic value as radiographic biomarker, the SEBES may be integrated in future trials aiming to improve edema resolution after SAH.
Gregory-Aland 080
Authors: Hixson Elijah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this short article is to give an edition and brief assessment of the sixth-century fragment of a purple Gospel codex, 080. The fragment has never been fully published in an accessible form or edition, and no legible, complete images of it currently exist to my knowledge. Therefore in light of the forthcoming Editio Critica Maior for Mark’s Gospel, it seems helpful to track down what can be known about the fragmentary manuscript and to publish an edition of its text.
The EU’s Regulation on the Sustainable Management of External Fishing Fleets: International and European Law Perspectives
Authors: Guggisberg Solène 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The European Union’s (EU) new Regulation on the sustainable management of external fishing fleets strengthens the framework under which authorisations are granted to EU vessels desiring to fish outside of EU waters. It applies to all such fishing activities, conditions the granting of authorisations on sustainability criteria, and provides a level of institutional control on Member States’ actions, as well as some transparency. It also covers poorly monitored practices, such as reflagging and chartering. However, there have been some missed opportunities, in particular with regard to unregulated high seas fishing and the public accessibility of data on beneficial ownership. More generally, the impact on sustainability of the EU’s stricter measures will depend, in the highly inter-connected world of fisheries, on whether other States also embrace such good governance principles.
Influence of Human Parameters on Labor Productivity in the Construction Industry
Authors: Karthik Dasari , Rao C. B. K. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the influence of human parameters on qualitative assessment of labor productivity (LP) in the construction industry. Background: The theories involving workers have identified various parameters on physical efficiency, such as heart rate, relative heart rate, and calorie count, so as to improve the safety and social conditions of construction labor, thereby increasing LP. However, there is no direct emphasis on assessment of LP using human parameters related to physical strength. Method: An exploratory study was conducted on 17 construction workers by observing their task-level LP in real time at a construction site. Human parameters, such as age, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, and upper body muscle strength of the laborers, were measured at the construction site. Performance levels of these workers were placed in three categories, and each worker was assigned a typical weightage to each category when correlated to physical strength. Results: Labor categories among the human parameters that included middle age, normal-range BMI, and strong muscular strength were shown as having higher LP than others. A quantitative parameter called the Human Parameter Index (HPI) was developed based on the performance categories developed for an individual worker. Human parameters revealed a significant relationship with respect to task-level LP. Conclusion and Application: The study determines the influence of human parameters on LP in construction. Introduction of human parameters in the construction industry will help in assessment of LP for various labor-intensive activities.
Dynamic Restraints of the Medial Side of the Knee: The Semimembranosus Corner Revisited
Authors: Kittl Christoph , Becker Deborah K. , Raschke Michael J. , Müller Marcus , Wierer Guido , Domnick Christoph , Glasbrenner Johannes , Michel Philipp , Herbort Mirco 
Published: March 2019

Background: Little is known about the dynamic restraints of the semimembranosus muscle (SM). Purpose and Hypothesis: The goal of the present study was to elucidate the role of (1) passive and (2) active restraints to medial-side instability and to analyze (3) the corresponding tightening of the posteromedial structures by loading the SM. It was hypothesized that points 1 to 3 will significantly restrain medial knee instability. This will aid in understanding the synergistic effect of the semimembranosus corner. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Nine knees were tested in a 6 degrees of freedom robotic setup and an optical tracking system. External rotation (ER; 4 N·m), internal rotation (4 N·m), anteromedial rotation (4-N·m ER and 89-N anterior tibial translation), and valgus rotation (8 N·m) were applied at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°, with and without an SM load of 75 N. Sequential cutting of the medial collateral ligament and posterior oblique ligament was then performed. At the intact state of the knee and after each cut, the aforementioned simulated laxity tests were performed. Results: The medial collateral ligament was found to be the main passive stabilizer to ER and anteromedial rotation, resulting in 9.3° ± 6.8° ( P < .05), 8.1° ± 3.6° ( P < .05), and 7.6° ± 4.2° ( P < .05) at 30°, 60°, and 90°, respectively. Conversely, after the posterior oblique ligament was cut, internal rotation instability increased significantly at early flexion angles (9.3° ± 3.2° at 0° and 5.2° ± 1.1 at 30°). Loading the SM had an overall effect on restraining ER ( P < .001) and anteromedial rotation ( P < .001). This increased with flexion angle and sectioning of the medial structures and resulted in a pooled 2.8° ± 1.7° (not significant), 5.4° ± 2° ( P < .01), 7.5° ± 2.8° ( P < .001), and 8.3° ± 4.4° ( P < .001) at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° when compared with the unloaded state. Conclusion: The SM was found to be a main active restraint to ER and anteromedial rotation, especially at higher flexion angles and in absence of the main passive medial restraints. The calculated tensioning effect was small in all flexion angles for all simulated laxity tests. Clinical Relevance: A complete semimembranosus avulsion may indicate severe medial knee injury, and refixation should be considered in multiligament injury.
Acceptance and Compliance With Micronutrient Powder and Complementary Food Blend Use by Filipino Mothers and Their Promotion by Community Workers
Authors: Goyena Eva A. , Barba Corazon V. C. , Talavera Ma. Theresa M. , Paunlagui Merlyne M. , Rola Agnes C. , Tandang Nancy A. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Despite the nationwide micronutrient powder (MNP) supplementation, the Philippines only saw limited success in reducing the prevalence of anemia—a condition that has remained a public health concern among young children. Objective: To assess and explore the acceptability and compliance to MNP and Bigas-Mongo (BigMo) complementary food blend among mothers/caregivers of children aged 6 to 23 months and the promotion of these products by community health workers (CHWs). Methods: This study was part of the randomized controlled trial involving 3 methods of data collection: (1) bimonthly visits to mothers and caregivers for 6 months to determine the level of acceptability and compliance of the 4 intervention groups; (2) initial and final interviews with mothers/caregivers (initial = 141; final = 130) to gather their experiences and difficulties in MNP and BigMo preparation and feeding; and (3) focus group discussion (n = 4) among CHWs (n = 13) to understand their perceptions and difficulties in promoting MNP and BigMo. Results: The overall compliance to MNP consumption was 74.7%, with some difference between the groups. Analysis of the information received from mothers/caregivers showed that maternal adaptive strategies in preparing and feeding MNP to their children could affect MNP use, while nonreceptiveness of mothers to integrating MNP into the child’s feeding routine, perceived side effects, and perceived unfavorable taste and smell were key factors considered to limit MNP use. Conclusion: This study provides insights into MNP and BigMo acceptability and compliance by mothers and their promotion by CHWs, which may be useful in improving MNP program and complementary feeding projects and programs in similar settings.
Effectiveness of a Transesophageal Echocardiography Course
Authors: Silva Restrepo Marcos , Boivin Michel A. , Kory Pierre , Sarkar Pralay K. , Banauch Gisela I. , Halpern Stephen , Mayo Paul H. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography has important applications for the management of the critically ill patient. There is a need to develop effective training programs for the critical care community in acquiring skill at critical care transesophageal echocardiography. Objective: We studied the effectiveness of a 1-day simulation-based course that focused on the acquisition of skill in the performance of critical care transesophageal echocardiography. Methods: Learners received training in image acquisition with a transesophageal simulator and training in image interpretation in small group sessions. Skill at image acquisition and image interpretation was assessed at the beginning and at the completion of the course. Results: There were 27 learners who attended the course. Pre and post knowledge scores were 55 (19; mean [SD]) and 88 (9; P < .0005), respectively. Pre and post image acquisition scores were 3.6 (3.7) and 9.9 (0.3; P < .0001), respectively. Conclusions: A 1-day course in critical care transesophageal echocardiography that combined case-based image interpretation with image acquisition training using a simulator improved technical skills and knowledge base.
Increasing Access to Physical Activity Within Low Income and Diverse Communities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Stasi S. , Spengler J. , Maddock J. , McKyer L. , Clark H. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: The purpose of this review is to uncover some best practices for increasing access to physical activity opportunities by examining efforts used within low income and diverse communities. The theoretical lens used is from the Active Living by Design (ALbD) Community Action Model, with a focus on the 6 essential practices (health equity focus, community engagement, facilitative leadership, sustainable thinking, culture of learning, and strategic communication) describing how partnerships can guide and sustain meaningful change in a community. Methods: A 2-step process guided the literature search. In step 1, 4 databases (PubMed, Psych INFO, Social Science Citation Index, and Cochrane Library) were searched using Boolean connections and variations in the key terms. Step 2 assessed articles by title, abstract, and full text to determine whether the studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Additionally, included articles were compared against the 6 essential practices outlined by the ecological framework, ALbD. Results: Of 1775 total articles, 14 studies met inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were case studies located in the United States using several different approaches including, changes in the built environment, implementation of a community-based physical activity program, creating partnerships to leverage resources, and policy change. This review compared the 14 studies against the 6 essential practices of the ALbD model and found 2 studies that met all 6 criteria, and only a few studies meeting more than 2 criteria. Conclusions: Overall, the conclusions are 2-fold, (1) only 14 cases demonstrate success in increasing access to physical activity opportunities, suggesting that more can be done to address inequalities. (2) Of the existing efforts, few utilize crucial components to create a sustainable change in the community. Future research should take into consideration the ALbD ecological framework, the best existing theory for this type of work, to guide the creation and implementation of a sustainable community access effort.