bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corneal erforation casused by eyelid margin trichilemmal carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Zhang Liying , Lin Zhirong , Wu Huping 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: Trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC) is a rare malignant adnexal tumor predominantly affecting the scalp, eyelids, neck and face of the elderly. Here, we firstly report a rare case of corneal perforation caused by TLC grown in eyelid margin. Case presentation: A 68-year-old female presented with two months history of unprovoked redness, pain and blurred vision in the left eye. On slit-lamp examination, a 1×2mm aseptic corneal perforation embedded by iris prolapsed was noted. After excluding other causes through examinations and case history inquiry, we speculated that the severe MGD and subsequent BKC might be the cause. In order to prevent the ulcer enlargement and intraocular infection, the patient was treated with penetrating keratoplasty immediately. However, a terrible phenomenon has aroused our concern that several small nodules gradually developed on the eyelid margin, accompanied with bleeding, burst and madarosis postoperatiely. The biopsy revealed the eyelid was involved by TLC and then the lesionectomy was performed immediately. There was no evidence of local recurrence and metastasis during 1 year follow-up.
Conclusions: The involvement of eyelid margin by TLC, and subsequent BKC and corneal perforation were very rare and it has not been reported yet. The concomitant BKC can be gradually healed after rectifying eyelid margin by total excision of TLC. It is very important to offer careful follow-up to all patients.
Continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring estimates timing for detecting anemia better than clinicians: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Bo , Yu Xuerong , Xu Li , Zhu Afang , Zhang Yuelun , Huang Yuguang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background Hemoglobin measurement is important for transfusion decision-making. Pulse CO-Oximetry provides real-time continuous hemoglobin (SpHb) monitoring. The triage role of SpHb trends based on hemoglobin measurements was investigated. Methods In this diagnostic randomized controlled trial, 69 patients undergoing spine or cytoreductive surgery were randomly enrolled into SpHb-monitoring and standard-care groups. Diagnostic blood samples were drawn for CO-oximetry Hb (CoOxHb) when the SpHb decreased by 1 g/dl or at the clinician’s discretion in the standard-care group. The positive predictive value (PPV) was defined as the ability to detect a decrease in CoOxHb > 1 g/dl or a CoOxHb < 10 g/dl; the PPVs were compared using Fisher’s exact test. The SpHb and trend accuracies were calculated. The transfusion units and postoperative hemoglobin levels were compared. Results The PPV of a decrease in CoOxHb > 1 g/dl was 93.3% in the SpHb group vs 54.5% without SpHb monitoring (p = 0.002). The PPV of CoOxHb < 10 g/dl was 86.7% vs. 50.0% for these groups (p = 0.015). The CoOxHb was never < 7 g/dl with SpHb monitoring. Sixty SpHb–CoOxHb data pairs and 28 delta pairs (ΔSpHb-ΔCoOxHb) were collected. The bias, precision and limits of agreement were -0.29, 1.03 and -2.30 to 1.72 g/dl, respectively. When ΔSpHb and ΔCoOxHb were > 1 g/dl, the concordance rate for changes in hemoglobin reached 100%. The delta pairs revealed a positive correlation [ΔSpHb = 0.49 * ΔCoOxHb - 0.13; r = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (0.53, 0.82)]. No significant differences were found in the transfusion volume or postoperative anemia state. Conclusions The SpHb trend tracked changes in hemoglobin satisfactorily during surgery and more accurately estimated the appropriate timing for invasive hemoglobin measurements than the clinicians. Trial Registration ChiCTR1800016290, Date of registration
A Case Report Of Retained Lenticules After SMILE Surgery
Authors: Zou YangCheng , Cao Kaiwei , Yu Ting , Bai Ji , Liu Ting 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A 28-year-old female patient (right eye: -3.75DS, left eye: -4.00DS) underwent bilateral small incision lenticule extraction. One week after small incision lenticule extraction, her left eye uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) did not reach her preoperative best corrected distance visual acu¬ity (BCDVA) as expected. Examination confirmed that corneal stromal lens fragments remained in the left eye. The lens fragments were removed with a second surgery, and the patient's vision was restored to her preoperative BCDVA. The results of this case yield the following suggestions: ① The lens separation method must be gentle and performed in the same plane. ② It is necessary to confirm the integrity of the lens after the lens is removed.
Treatment of Younger Patients with Accommodative Esotropia
Authors: liu xianjie , Chen Yutong , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: Accommodative esotropia (AET) is a common disease during childhood. In this literature review, we analyze and discuss the different methods of treatment for Accommodative esotropia.
Methods: Articles about accommodative esotropia from 2007 to 2017 were retrieved from the PubMed database. We study the articles by title/abstract/all fields, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 9 articles were retained. We compared the effectiveness between these approaches to treatment.
Results: All the refraction methods had an effectivity rate of > 50%. The bifocal lenses group showed a higher failure rate (15.58%) than the single-vision lenses group (5.19%). Extraocular muscle surgery can significantly decrease deviation in patients who have AET with a high AC/A ratio (95.24%,71.30%,78.40%). After Botulinum toxin injection, the residual deviation was significantly lower than that before the injection (90.44%) and this rate held stable until 12 months after the injection (85.71%) and then decreased to 71.43% at 18 months. The effectivity rate in the prism builders group (surgery with prism group) was significantly higher than that in the prism non-builders group 100% vs. 56.25%). In this review, the average rate of Amblyopia in the accommodative esotropia patient is 41.36%.
Conclusions：All the treatment were full or partly effective for accommodative esotropia patients. Early intervention using effective methods of treatment can improve accommodative esotropia patients’ alignment and improve their quality of life. Amblyopia is common in patients with partly accommodative esotropia.
Keyword: Accommodative esotropia, Treatment, High AC/A ( accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio ), Amblyopia.
Comparison of subfoveal choroidal thickness in eyes with CRVO and BRVO
Authors: Tang Fen , Xu Fan , Zhong Haibin , Zhao Xin , Lv Mingliang , Yang Ke , Shen Chaolan , Huang Hui , Lv Jian , Zeng Siming , Li Min , Chen Qi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Backgroud: To evaluate the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in eyes with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion（RVO），and to investigate the short-term response after a single intravitreal Ranibizumab injection. What is more, to compare the SFCT and SFCT change in eyes with central RVO (CRVO) and branch RVO (BRVO).
Methods: The observational case series had collected treatment-naïve patients with unilateral macular edema secondary to RVO retrospectively (19 CRVO and 17 BRVO). They had received at least one intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection after newly diagnosed. The SFCT values before IVR and after 2 weeks of IVR were collected and analyzed. Paired t test was performed to compare the difference between RVO eye and its unaffected fellow eye, and to compare the SFCT change between before IVR and after 2 weeks of IVR. In further, the SFCT and SFCT change in eyes with CRVO and BRVO were also evaluated with independent t test.
Results: Mean SFCT in CRVO eyes at the onset was 326.03±30.86 μm, which was significantly greater than that in contralateral fellow eyes (p<0.01, paired t test), and decreased to 294.15±30.83 μm rapidly after 2 weeks of IVR (p<0.01, paired t test). Similarly, the SFCT in BRVO eyes was significant thicker than its contralateral eyes at the onset, and reduced after IVR. However, our findings showed that there was no significant difference on the SFCT at the onset and SFCT change after IVR between CRVO eyes and BRVO eyes.
Conclusions: The SFCT in eyes with macular edema secondary to RVO (CRVO or BRVO,respectively) was significantly greater than that in fellow eyes, and decreased significantly within a short time in response to a single IVR injection. It indicated choroid was involved in the progress of macular edema secondary to RVO. Our study collected recent-onset and treatment- naïve patients, it may help to elucidate the conflicting results of SFCT in RVO eyes reported by previous studies. In further, the study first showed that the SFCT may have no relationship with RVO subtypes. However, further study is need to investigate the exact relationship between SFCT and RVO subtypes.
Choroidal neovascularization emerged right from the focal choroidal excavation in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy post half-dose photodynamic therapy: A case report
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Xin , Zhu Min , Xu Gezhi , Li Lei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: Focal choroidal excavation (FCE) is a common concurrent disease with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was able to cease the course of CSC with efficacy and safety. To retrospectively observed and followed up a special course in eyes with CSC and concurrent FCE treated by a half-dose of PDT.
Case presentation: In this case report analysis, two eyes with CSC and concurrent FCE treated with half-dose PDT, were followed up with monthly retinal fundus examinations. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and ophthalmic fundus examination were examined, including fundus photos, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and angiography. In Case 1, a 46-year-old female has been diagnosed as CSC and concurrent FCE. The baseline BCVA was 10/20. After a half-dose of PDT, complete resolution of SRF was achieved at one-month with stable BCVA. At three months, the patient complained of obvious metamorphosis. Multimodal images confirmed the existence of CNV, derived from the FCE, inside the zone of PDT irradiation. The development of CNV stopped promptly one month post the injection of ranibizumab. In Case 2, a 39 year-old male was diagnosed as bilateral CSC. The BCVA was 8/20 (od), and 16/20 (os). The multimodal images showed classic CSC manifestation in left eye, but atypical manifestation in right eye with subtle SRF and FCE. Post half-dose treatment, the SRF in left eye completely resolved at three-months, and the BCVA improved to 24/20. However, a lesion of CNV grew in the FCE after one month in right eye, with decreased BCVA, 4/20. One month post-injection of ranibizumab, obvious regression was witnessed, with improved BCVA, 6/20. The CNV proceeded to be a scar two months after injection. The BCVA maintained at 8/20.
Conclusions: In this study, type II CNV was induced in two cases of CSC concurrent with FCE in 3 months post half-dose PDT. The CNV grew right from the FCE, inside the zone of PDT irradiation.
A Binary Classifier for the Prediction of EC Numbers of Enzymes
Authors: Cui Hao , Chen Lei 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Identification of Enzyme Commission (EC) number of enzymes is quite important
for understanding the metabolic processes that produce enough energy to sustain life. Previous
studies mainly focused on predicting six main functional classes or sub-functional classes, i.e., the first
two digits of the EC number.

Objective:
In this study, a binary classifier was proposed to identify the full EC number (four digits) of
enzymes.

Methods:
Enzymes and their known EC numbers were paired as positive samples and negative samples
were randomly produced that were as many as positive samples. The associations between any
two samples were evaluated by integrating the linkages between enzymes and EC numbers. The classic
machining learning algorithm, Support Vector Machine (SVM), was adopted as the prediction engine.

Results:
The five-fold cross-validation test on five datasets indicated that the overall accuracy, Matthews
correlation coefficient and F1-measure were about 0.786, 0.576 and 0.771, respectively, suggesting
the utility of the proposed classifier. In addition, the effectiveness of the classifier was elaborated
by comparing it with other classifiers that were based on other classic machine learning algorithms.

Conclusion:
The proposed classifier was quite effective for prediction of EC number of enzymes and
was specially designed for dealing with the problem addressed in this study by testing it on five datasets
containing randomly produced samples.
The Combination of the CIGB-300 Anticancer Peptide and Cisplatin Modulates Proteins Related to Cell Survival, DNA Repair and Metastasis in a Lung Cancer Cell Line Model
Authors: Rodríguez-Ulloa Arielis , Ramos Yassel , Sánchez-Puente Aniel , Perera Yasser , Musacchio-Lasa Alexis , Fernández-de-Cossio Jorge , Padrón Gabriel , López Luis J.G. , Besada Vladimir , Perea Silvio E. 
Published: March 2019

Background:CIGB-300 is a pro-apoptotic peptide that abrogates CK2-mediated phosphorylation, and can elicit synergistic interaction in vitro and in vivo when combined with certain anticancer drugs.Objective:The combination of CIGB-300 with cisplatin is studied through data mining and expressionbased proteomics to reveal the molecular basis of this interaction. Cisplatin resistance-associated proteins, which have also been reported as CK2 substrates, were first identified by bioinformatic analyses.Methods:Data from these analyses suggested that the cisplatin resistance phenotype could be directly improved by inhibiting CK2 phosphorylation on specific substrates. Furthermore, 157 proteins were differentially modulated on the NCI-H125 lung cancer cell line in response to CIGB-300, cisplatin or both drugs as determined by LC-MS/MS.Results:The expression of 28 cisplatin resistance-associated proteins was changed when cisplatin was combined with CIGB-300. Overall, the proteins identified are also related to cell survival, cell proliferation and metastasis. Furthermore, the CIGB-300 regulated proteome revealed proteins that were initially involved in the mechanism of action of CIGB-300 and cisplatin as single agents.Conclusion:This is the first report describing the protein array modulated by combining CIGB-300 and cisplatin that will support the rationale for future clinical settings based on a multi-target cancer therapy.
Identification of Novel Breast Cancer Genes based on Gene Expression Profiles and PPI Data
Authors: Yang Cheng-Wen , Cao Huan-Huan , Guo Yu , Feng Yuan-Ming , Zhang Ning 
Published: March 2019

Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and a threat to female health all over the world. However, the molecular mechanism of breast cancer has not been fully discovered yet.Objective:It is crucial to identify breast cancer-related genes, which could provide new biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis as well as potential treatment targets.Methods:Here we used the minimum redundancy-maximum relevance (mRMR) method to select significant genes, then mapped the transcripts of the genes on the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network and traced the shortest path between each pair of two proteins.Results:As a result, we identified 24 breast cancer-related genes whose betweenness were over 700. The GO enrichment analysis indicated that the transcription and oxygen level are very important in breast cancer. And the pathway analysis indicated that most of these 24 genes are enriched in prostate cancer, endocrine resistance, and pathways in cancer.Conclusion:We hope these 24 genes might be useful for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment for breast cancer.
Protein Subcellular Localization Prediction based on PSI-BLAST Profile and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Yao Yuhua , Li Manzhi , Xu Huimin , Yan Shoujiang , He Pingan , Dai Qi , Qi Zhaohui , Liao Bo 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Prediction of protein subcellular location is a meaningful task which attracts
much attention in recent years. Particularly, the number of new protein sequences yielded by the highthroughput
sequencing technology in the post genomic era has increased explosively.

Objective:
Protein subcellular localization prediction based solely on sequence data remains to be a
challenging problem of computational biology.

Methods:
In this paper, three sets of evolutionary features are derived from the position-specific scoring
matrix, which has shown great potential in other bioinformatics problems. A fusion model is built
up by the optimal parameters combination. Finally, principal component analysis and support vector
machine classifier is applied to predict protein subcellular localization on NNPSL dataset and Cell-
PLoc 2.0 dataset.

Results:
Our experimental results show that the proposed method remarkably improved the prediction
accuracy, and the features derived from PSI-BLAST profile only are appropriate for protein subcellular
localization prediction.
A Novel bis-indole Alkaloid from the Flowers of Rauvolfia yunnanensis Tsiang and its Antihypertension Activity
Authors: Wang Haibo , Liu Xikui 
Published: March 2019

:
A novel bis-indole alkaloid was isolated from the flowers of Rauvolfia Yunnanensis Tsiang.
Its structure was elucidated as 10,11´- dimethoxy-11,10´-bis-[N(a)-methyl deacetyldeformyl- 1,2-
dihydro akuammiline(2β)] (1) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques
as well as HRESI-MS and comparison with data from the literature. The bis-indole alkaloid displayed
more potent antihypertension activity and much lower hepatotoxicity in vivo than Reserpine.
K2CO3 Promoted Cascade Reaction for the Preparation of 1H-Imidazol-4- yl-1-amine Derivatives
Authors: Xu Wei , Yao Hao , Zhang Xing , Peng Changjiang , Li Ling , Zhang Yuanyuan , Qian Shan , Yang Lingling , Wang Zhouyu 
Published: March 2019

:
A K2CO3 promoted efficient one pot two-step method for the preparation of 1H-imidazol-4-
yl-1-amine derivatives has been developed. A series of second amines with an imidazole group were
obtained with 56%-91% yields by the K2CO3 promoted amination of acetates and nitrogen deprotection
of the imidazole process.
The History of the Glycosidase Inhibiting Hyacinthacine C-type Alkaloids: From Discovery to Synthesis.
Authors: Carroll Anthony W. , Pyne Stephen G. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
The inherent glycosidase inhibitory activity and potentially
therapeutic value of the polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine alkaloids containing a
hydroxymethyl substituent at the C-3 position have been well documented. Belonging to
this class, the naturally occurring hyacinthacine C-type alkaloids are of general interest
among iminosugar researchers. Their selective micromolar α -glycosidase inhibitory
ranges (10 – 100 μM) suggest that these azasugars are potential leads for treating type II
diabetes. However, the structures of hyacinthacine C1, C3 and C4 are insecure with
hyacinthacine C5 being recently corrected.

Objective:
This review presents the hyacinthacine C-type alkaloids: their first discovery to
the most recent advancements on the structures, biological activities and total synthesis.

Conclusion:
The hyacinthacine C-type alkaloids are of exponentially increasing interest and will undoubtedly
continue to be reported as synthetic targets. They represent a challenging but rewarding synthetic feat for the
community of those interested in accessing biologically active iminosugars. Since 2009, ten total syntheses
have been employed towards accessing similarly related products but only three have assessed the glycosidase
inhibitory activity of the final products. This suggests the need for an accessible and universal glycosidase
inhibitory assay so to accurately determine the structure-activity relationship of how the hyacinthacine C-type
alkaloids inhibit specific glycosidases. Confirming the correct structures of the hyacinthacine C-type alkaloids
as well as accessing various analogues continues to strengthen the foundation towards a marketable treatment
for type II diabetes and other glycosidase related illnesses.
Alkynes as Privileged Synthons in Selected Organic Name Reactions
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Dehghani Mahzad , Zadsirjan Vahideh , Ghanbarian Manijheh 
Published: March 2019

Background:Alkynes are actually basic chemicals, serving as privileged synthons for planning new organic reactions for assemblage of a reactive motif, which easily undergoes a further desirable transformation. Name reactions, in organic chemistry are referred to those reactions which are well-recognized and reached to such status for being called as their explorers, discoverers or developers. Alkynes have been used in various name reactions. In this review, we try to underscore the applications of alkynes as privileged synthons in prevalent name reactions such as Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddtion via Click reaction, Sonogashira reaction, and Hetero Diels-Alder reaction.Objective:In this review, we try to underscore the applications of alkynes as privileged synthons in the formation of heterocycles, focused on the selected reactions of alkynes as a synthon or impending utilization in synthetic organic chemistry, which have reached such high status for being included in the list of name reactions in organic chemistry.Conclusion:Alkynes (including acetylene) are an unsaturated hydrocarbon bearing one or more triple C-C bond. Remarkably, alkynes and their derivatives are frequently being used as molecular scaffolds for planning new organic reactions and installing reactive functional group for further reaction. It is worth mentioning that in general, the terminal alkynes are more useful and more frequently being used in the art of organic synthesis. Remarkably, alkynes have found different applications in pharmacology, nanotechnology, as well as being known as appropriate starting precursors for the total synthesis of natural products and biologically active complex compounds. They are predominantly applied in various name reactions such as Sonogashira, Glaser reaction, Friedel-crafts reaction, Castro-Stephens coupling, Huisgen 1.3-dipolar cycloaddtion reaction via Click reaction, Sonogashira reaction, hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. In this review, we tried to impress the readers by presenting selected name reactions, which use the alkynes as either stating materials or precursors. We disclosed the applications of alkynes as a privileged synthons in several popular reactions, which reached to such high status being classified as name reactions. They are thriving and well known and established name reactions in organic chemistry such as Regioselective, 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddtion reaction via Click reaction, Sonogashira reaction and Diels-Alder reaction.