bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome-type symptoms in microscopic colitis: implications for treatment
Authors: Kane John S. , Irvine Andrew J. , Derwa Yannick , Rotimi Olorunda , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Patients with microscopic colitis (MC) often present with abdominal pain and diarrhoea, and previous data suggest that there may be overlap between MC and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We evaluated the prevalence of IBS-type symptoms in patients with MC, and assess the impact of these symptoms on psychological health and quality of life. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of individuals with a histological diagnosis of MC, collecting demographic data, Rome III IBS-type symptoms, and mood, somatization, and quality of life data. Results: In total, 151 (31.6%) of 478 individuals with a new diagnosis of MC completed questionnaires, 52 (34.4%) of whom reported IBS-type symptoms. The commonest histological subtype was collagenous colitis (51.7%, n = 78), followed by lymphocytic colitis (39.1%, n = 59). Individuals with IBS-type symptoms had significantly higher levels of anxiety [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety score 8.6 versus 5.1, p < 0.001], depression (HADS depression score 6.2 versus 3.6, p = 0.001), and somatoform-type behaviour (Patient Health Questionnaire 15 score 12.7 versus 8.0, p < 0.001) compared with individuals who did not. Those with IBS-type symptoms scored significantly worse across all domains of the 36-item Short Form questionnaire, except for physical functioning. Conclusions: More than one third of individuals with MC reported IBS-type symptoms, although whether this is due to ongoing inflammation is unclear. These individuals had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and somatization, and impaired quality of life. Identifying concomitant IBS in individuals with MC may have important implications for management decisions.
EUROVISCO Recommendations for Optimizing the Clinical Results of Viscosupplementation in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Conrozier Thierry , Monfort Jordi , Chevalier Xavier , Raman Raghu , Richette Pascal , Diraçoglù Demirhan , Bard Hervé , Baron Dominique , Jerosch Jörg , Migliore Alberto , Henrotin Yves 
Published: June 2018

Objectives The 3 aims of the work were to identify population subgroups that can benefit the most from viscosupplementation (VS), to provide recommendations on injection techniques, and to discuss VS appropriateness in clinical situations that are commonplace in daily practice. Methods The task force members voted on their degree of agreement on 27 statements, 36 recommendations, and 22 clinical scenarios using a 9-point scale. The strength of agreement/appropriateness/recommendation (SOA/SOR) was classified as strong if the median agreement score was ≥8. The level of consensus (LOC) was also obtained. Results Among the assumed predictors for VS failure, obesity, radiographic severity, large synovial fluid effusion, severe patellofemoral involvement, major malalignment, and gross joint instability received a large majority of agreements. The lateral mid-patellar approach was recommended for knee injection. Imaging guidance was unanimously recommended for hip and ankle. Agreement was achieved to strictly respect the dosing regimen proven by controlled trials. There was agreement for treating with VS patients with mild to moderate knee and hip OA, with normal weight or moderate overweight, insufficiently improved by first-line therapies, or who do not wish get oral treatment or who have contraindications to pain killers. The group considered the patient’s wishes as a key element in therapeutic decision making. Conclusion Based on literature data and clinical experience, the EUROVISCO group proposed a set of recommendations for optimizing the results of VS, aimed to help practitioners, especially in some cases in which the patients’ specificities make the therapeutic decision difficult.
Effect of a voice recognition system on pediatric outpatient medication errors at a tertiary healthcare facility in Kenya
Authors: Migowa Angela N. , Macharia William M. , Samia Pauline , Tole John , Keter Alfred K. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Medication-related errors account for one out of every 131 outpatient deaths, and one out of 854 inpatient deaths. The risk is threefold greater in the pediatric population. In sub-Saharan Africa, research on medication-related errors has been obscured by other health priorities and poor recognition of harm attributable to such errors. Our primary objective was to assess the effect of introduction of a voice recognition system (VRS) on the prevalence of medication errors. The secondary objective was to describe characteristics of observed medication errors and determine acceptability of VRS by clinical service providers. Methods: This was a before–after intervention study carried out in a Pediatric Accident and Emergency Department of a private not-for-profit tertiary referral hospital in Kenya. Results: A total of 1196 handwritten prescription records were examined in the pre-VRS phase and 501 in the VRS phase. In the pre-VRS phase, 74.3% of the prescriptions (889 of 1196) had identifiable errors compared with 65.7% in the VRS phase (329 of 501). More than half (58%) of participating clinical service providers expressed preference for VRS prescriptions compared with handwritten prescriptions. Conclusions: VRS reduces medication prescription errors with the greatest effect noted in reduction of incorrect medication dosages. More studies are needed to explore whether more training, user experience and software enhancement would minimize medication errors further. VRS technology is acceptable to physicians and pharmacists at a tertiary care hospital in Kenya.
Chromosomes trapped in micronuclei are liable to segregation errors
Authors: Soto Mar , García-Santisteban Iraia , Krenning Lenno , Medema René H. , Raaijmakers Jonne A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
DNA in micronuclei is likely to get damaged. When shattered DNA from micronuclei gets reincorporated into the primary nucleus, aberrant rearrangements can take place, a phenomenon referred to as chromothripsis. Here, we investigated how chromatids from micronuclei act in subsequent divisions and how this affects their fate. We observed that the majority of chromatids derived from micronuclei fail to establish a proper kinetochore in mitosis, which is associated with problems in chromosome alignment, segregation and spindle assembly checkpoint activation. Remarkably, we found that, upon their formation, micronuclei already display decreased levels of important kinetochore assembly factors. Importantly, these defects favour the exclusion of the micronucleus over the reintegration into the primary nucleus over several divisions. Interestingly, the defects observed in micronuclei are likely overcome once micronuclei are reincorporated into the primary nuclei, as they further propagate normally. We conclude that the formation of a separate small nuclear entity represents a mechanism for the cell to delay the stable propagation of excess chromosome(s) and/or damaged DNA, by inducing kinetochore defects.
Golgi localization of oxysterol binding protein-related protein 4L (ORP4L) is regulated by ligand binding
Authors: Pietrangelo Antonietta , Ridgway Neale D. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Oxysterol binding protein (OSBP)-related protein 4L (ORP4L, also known as OSBPL2), a closely related paralogue and interacting partner of OSBP, binds sterols and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and regulates cell proliferative signalling at the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we report that ORP4L also interacts with the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in an OSBP-, sterol- and PI(4)P-dependent manner. Characterization of ORP4L lipid and VAP binding mutants indicated an indirect mechanism for translocation to ER–Golgi contact sites in response to 25-hydroxycholesterol that was dependent on OSBP and PI(4)P. shRNA silencing revealed that ORP4L was required to maintain the organization and PI(4)P content of the Golgi and TGN. In contrast, the interaction of ORP4L with the PM was not dependent on its sterol, PI(4)P or VAP binding activities. At the PM, ORP4L partially localized with a genetically encoded probe for PI(4)P but not with a probe for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. We conclude that ORP4L is differentially localized to the PM and ER–Golgi contacts sites. OSBP-, lipid- and VAP-regulated interactions of ORP4L with ER–Golgi contact sites are involved in the maintenance of Golgi and TGN structure.
Local and global Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors for fission yeast cell polarity are coordinated by microtubules and the Tea1–Tea4–Pom1 axis
Authors: Tay Ye Dee , Leda Marcin , Goryachev Andrew B. , Sawin Kenneth E. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
The conserved Rho-family GTPase Cdc42 plays a central role in eukaryotic cell polarity. The rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has two Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), Scd1 and Gef1, but little is known about how they are coordinated in polarized growth. Although the microtubule cytoskeleton is normally not required for polarity maintenance in fission yeast, we show here that when scd1 function is compromised, disruption of microtubules or the polarity landmark proteins Tea1, Tea4 or Pom1 leads to disruption of polarized growth. Instead, cells adopt an isotropic-like pattern of growth, which we term PORTLI growth. Surprisingly, PORTLI growth is caused by spatially inappropriate activity of Gef1. Although most Cdc42 GEFs are membrane associated, we find that Gef1 is a broadly distributed cytosolic protein rather than a membrane-associated protein at cell tips like Scd1. Microtubules and the Tea1–Tea4–Pom1 axis counteract inappropriate Gef1 activity by regulating the localization of the Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein Rga4. Our results suggest a new model of fission yeast cell polarity regulation, involving coordination of ‘local’ (Scd1) and ‘global’ (Gef1) Cdc42 GEFs via microtubules and microtubule-dependent polarity landmarks.
Endodontics or implants?
Authors: Fuller Jennifer , Briggs Peter , Bourne George 
Published: June 2018

Abstract: When faced with a tooth that is failing due to pulpal or periapical infection, a difficult treatment planning decision must be made between retention of the tooth through endodontic treatment or extraction and potential replacement with a dental implant. Survival rates for these treatment modalities appear similar from the literature. This review article attempts to explore different factors that should be taken into consideration, in particular the available evidence, predictability and risks of treatment, patient centred-outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the different treatment options.CPD/Clinical Relevance: This review article aims to provide an overview of the recent evidence and factors to consider, to aid in treatment planning decisions between endodontic treatment and dental implant replacement for a failing tooth.
Clinical validation of S100B in the management of a mild traumatic brain injury: issues from an interventional cohort of 1449 adult patients
Authors: Allouchery Gautier , Moustafa Farès , Roubin Jean , Pereira Bruno , Schmidt Jeannot , Raconnat Julien , Pic Daniel , Sapin Vincent , Bouvier Damien 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background:
This study’s primary objective was to validate the routine use of S100B via a prospective study. The aim was a reduction of cranial computed tomography (CCT) scans by 30%. The secondary goal was to investigate the influence of age and associated risk factors on the reduction of CCT.

Methods:
S100B (sampling within 3 h postinjury) was used for patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBIs) presenting a medium risk of complications and requiring a CCT scan. Patients with negative S100B (S100B−) were discharged without a CCT scan.

Results:
Of the 1449 patients included in this study, 468 (32.3%) had S100B− with a sensitivity of 96.4% (95% CI: 87.5%–99.6%), a specificity of 33.4% (95% CI: 31%–36%) and a negative predictive value of 99.6% (95% CI: 98.5%–99.9%). No significant difference in serum levels or the S100B+ rate was observed if patients had retrograde amnesia (0.16 μg/L; 63.8%), loss of consciousness (0.13; 63.6%) or antiplatelet therapy (0.20; 77.9%). Significant differences were found between the S100B concentrations and S100B positivity rates in patients >65 years old and all the groups with patients <55 years old (18–25, 26–35, 36–45 and 46–55). From 18 to 65 years old (n=874), the specificity is 39.3% (95% CI: 36%–42.6%) compared to 18.7% (95% CI: 15.3%–22.3%) for patients >65 years old (n=504).

Conclusions:
The clinical use of S100B in mTBI management reduces the use of CCTs by approximately one-third; furthermore, the percentage of CCTs reduction is influenced by the age of the patient.
Sex Differences in Physical Capacities of German Bundesliga Soccer Players
Authors: Cardoso de Araújo Maithe , Baumgart Christian , Jansen Christian T. , Freiwald Jürgen , Hoppe Matthias W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Cardoso de Araújo, M, Baumgart, C, Jansen, CT, Freiwald, J, and Hoppe, MW. Sex differences in physical capacities of German Bundesliga soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2329–2337, 2020—Sex differences in physical capacities of elite soccer players have received limited attention. Therefore, this study investigated sex differences in linear and nonlinear sprint, squat and countermovement jump, core endurance, as well as incremental and intermittent endurance capacities in German Bundesliga soccer players. A total of 76 field players (29 women) were tested for the mentioned anaerobic- and aerobic-related physical capacities in a noninterventional cross-sectional design. The largest sex differences were evident in the explosive- and intermittent endurance-related capacities, with women presenting largely to extremely largely lower values in sprints, jumps, and intermittent endurance (effect size [ES] ≥1.77, p < 0.01). The differences in the total core endurance, running velocity at 2 and 4 mmol·L−1 capillary blood lactate (v2 and v4), maximal heart rate (HR) (ES ≤ 0.72, p ≥ 0.06), and distance covered during the incremental endurance test (ES = 1.09, p = 0.01) were trivially to moderately lower for women. However, women had small to moderately higher ventral and dorsal core endurance (ES ≤ 0.69, p ≥ 0.07) and largely higher relative HR at the lactate thresholds (ES ≥ 1.54, p < 0.01). The individual data of female players showed more variability. Some individual data of women overlapped those of men, most evident in the total core endurance and v2. The findings indicate that there are sex differences in physical capacities according to the underlying amount of anaerobic and aerobic energy supply. The sex specificities should be considered to optimize training and testing procedures for soccer players.
Determination of Minimum Void Ratio of Crushed Rock Sand Using a Vibrating Table Test
Authors: Choo H. , Lim S. , Lee W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The use of crushed rock sand in construction projects has recently increased. Because the crushed rock sand has not undergone any weathering processes, it has a higher breakage potential than that of natural sand. This experimental investigation aims at developing a reliable method for the determination of the minimum void ratio (emin) of crushed rock sand using a vibrating table test. The minimum void ratios of one natural sand (Toyoura sand) and five commercially available crushed sands were measured using both vibrating table and pluviation tests. Additionally, the vibrating table tests were repeatedly conducted on the same soil specimen to measure both the emin and relative breakage as a function of the number of retests. The results of this study demonstrate that a vibrating table test induces noticeable breakage of the tested crushed sands, regardless of the initial relative densities and operating frequencies of a vibrating table. Therefore, the extrapolating method, which determines the emin of the artificial sand as the y-intercept in the relation between emin and relative breakage, is suggested in this study, and the determined emin values using the suggested method are compared with the measured emin using pluviation tests.
The metabolic outcomes of growth hormone treatment in children are gender specific
Authors: Ciresi Alessandro , Radellini Stefano , Guarnotta Valentina , Mineo Maria Grazia , Giordano Carla 
Published: June 2018

Objective
To evaluate the impact of gender on the clinical and metabolic parameters in prepubertal growth hormone deficiency (GHD) children at diagnosis and during GH treatment (GHT).

Design
The data of 105 prepubertal children (61 males, 44 females, mean age 6.8 ± 0.7 years) affected by idiopathic GHD were retrospectively evaluated.

Methods
Body height, BMI, waist circumference (WC), IGF-I, HbA1c, lipid profile, fasting and after-OGTT glucose and insulin levels, insulin sensitivity and secretion indices were evaluated at baseline and after 24 months of GHT.

Results
At baseline, no significant difference was found in all clinical, hormonal and metabolic parameters between males and females. After 24 months of GHT, both males and females showed a significant increase in height (both P < 0.001), BMI (both P < 0.001), WC (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively), IGF-I (both P < 0.001), fasting glucose (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively), fasting insulin (both P < 0.001) and Homa-IR (both P < 0.001), with a concomitant significant decrease in insulin sensitivity index (ISI) (both P < 0.001) and oral disposition index (DIo) (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). At 24 months of GHT, females showed significantly higher BMI (P = 0.027), lower ISI (P < 0.001) and DIo (P < 0.001), in concomitance with a significant greater change from baseline to 24 months of BMI (P = 0.013), WC (P < 0.001), ISI (P = 0.002) and DIo (P = 0.072), although the latter does not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions
Twenty-four months of GHT in prepubertal children leads to different metabolic outcomes according to gender, with a greater reduction in insulin sensitivity in females, regardless of auxological and hormonal parameters. Therefore, prepubertal GHD females should probably need a more proper monitoring in clinical practice.
Різноманіття гельмінтофауни ссавців в умовах зоопарків
Authors: Gugosyan Yu.A. , Shendryk Ch.M. , Rymskii V.V. 
Published: June 2018

Вивчення фауни паразитів, їхньої циркуляції в умовах біоценозів є важливим для систематичного прогнозування епізоотологічної ситуації щодо інвазійних хвороб на певних природно-географічних територіях. Дослідження різноманіття гельмінтів екзотичних зоопаркових ссавців дають змогу запобігти передачі збудників до свійських тварин та попередити розвиток зоонозних захворювань. Метою досліджень було встановити склад гельмінтофауни та рівень інвазованості ссавців різних видів в умовах зоопарків Дніпропетровської та Запорізької областей. Дослідження проведені у період з 2015 по 2017 р., всього обстежено 70 тварин представників ряду Carnivora, ряду Primates та надряду Ungulata. Діагностика гельмінтозів проведена копроскопічно із застосуванням методу МакМастера і кількісним підрахунком екземплярів яєць у 1 г фекалій. Відзначено переважне паразитування нематод шлунково-кишкового каналу: у хижих тварин підряду Ascaridata, у приматів – Trichurata та Rhabditata, у копитних – Strongylata та Trichurata. Середній показник екстенсивності гельмінтозної інвазії склав 82,86%, зокрема у ряді хижих тварин ЕІ – 88,24%, у приматів – 100%, у надряді копитних – 79,59%. Коливання ІІ у групі хижих тварин склали від 81,25 ± 6,29 до 175 ± 8,41 яєць/г, у приматів – 62,5 ± 5,59 – 125 ± 11,18 яєць/г, у копитних – 37,5 ± 5,59 – 316,67 ± 58,27 яєць/г. Більшість ідентифікованих представників є геогельмінтами, із біогельмінтів у хижаків виявлено – Dirofilaria immitis, а у копитних – Dicrocoelium lanceatum. Найбільш поширені моноінвазії – 58,62%, рідше зафіксовано наявність гельмінтів у вигляді дво- (29,31%), три- (8,62%) та чотирикомпонентних (3,45%) мікстінвазій. Встановлено метричні параметри яєць гельмінтів Baylisascaris sp., Toxocara sp., Toxascaris leoninа, Trichuris trichiura, Trichuris sp., Capillaria sp., Ancylostoma sp., Nematodirus sp., отриманих від екзотичних видів тварин. Вперше отримано дані щодо інвазованості тварин та різноманіття гельмінтофауни ссавців в умовах зоопарків Дніпропетровської та Запорізької областей. Результати досліджень є підґрунтям для проведення лікувально-профілактичних заходів, щодо інвазійних хвороб.
Гістологічна характеристика сім’яників півнів за впливу кормової добавки «Єселцин»
Authors: Prutas S.S. , Kotsyumbas H.I. , Khmil E.P. 
Published: June 2018

У статті подано результати гістологічних досліджень правобічного і лівобічного сім’яників півнів за впливу кормової добавки «Єсельцин». Виробничі випробування водорозчинної суспензії «Єселцин» проводили у віварії на 24 півнях яєчної породи ЛОМАН ЛСЛ КЛАСІК віком 120 діб. Для цього поголів’я було розділено на дві групи: контрольну та дослідну (n = 12). Півням дослідної групи, через питну воду, щоденно впродовж 7-ми діб задавали експериментальну добавку. Через три тижні після закінченню курсу, по 7 півнів з кожної групи виводили з експерименту, проводили розтин і відбирали правобічні та лівобічні сім’яники, їх зважували, визначали абсолютну масу, відбирали взірці, які фіксували в 10% водному розчині нейтрального формаліну, зневоднювали у спиртах і заливали в парафін. Виготовляли гістологічні зрізи і фарбували гематоксиліном та еозином. Готові гістопрепарати розглядали під світловим мікроскопом Leica DM-2500 (Switzerland), фотографували фотокамерою Leica DFC450C. Виявлені показники збільшення середньої абсолютної маси сім’яників півнів дослідної групи узгоджуються із отриманими результатами мікроструктурних досліджень. Мікроструктурно встановлено, що випоювання півням 120-добового віку водорозчинної суспензії, що містила вітамін Е та цитрати селену й цинку протягом 7 діб сприяло зростанню кількості клітин Лейдіга, сперматоцитів ІІ-го порядку та сперматидів у заглибленнях протоплазми сустентоцитів (клітин Сертолі), що позитивно відобразились на репродуктивній функції самців. Отримані результати досліджень показали, що випоювання півням 120-добового віку водорозчинної суспензії «Єселцин» сприяє вищій фертильності спермопродукції півнів, що відобразиться на поліпшенні виводимості племінних яєць і отриманні курчат з високою життєздатністю.
Kolonun benign anastomoz darlığında rektal mesalazin tedavisi sonrası endoskopik balon dilatasyonu
Authors: AKBAŞ Enver , ÖCAL Serkan , YILDIRIM Abdullah Emre , ALTUN Reskan , KORKMAZ Murat , SELÇUK Haldun 
Published: June 2018

Anastomoz darlıkları kolorektal cerrahinin bilinen bir komplikasyonu olmasına rağmen benign hastalıklarda komplet kolonik anastomoz obstrüksiyonu nadirdir. Benign darlıklar low-anterior rezeksiyon sonrası yapılan kolorektal anastomozda nispeten sık görülen bir komplikasyondur ve kolorektal anastomozların %5-22’sinde gelişebilir. Günümüzde benign anastomoz darlıklarının tedavisinde ilk seçenek endoskopik girişimlerdir. Çeşitli endoskopik teknikler tarif edilmesine rağmen optimal yaklaşım için kontrollü prospektif çalışma verileri eksiktir. Bu çalışmada ileri derecede anastomoz darlığı gelişmiş ve endoskopik balon dilatasyon uygulanan bir hastanın sunulması amaçlandı. Hastaya bir haftalık rektal mesalazin tedavisinden sonra bir kez ayaktan balon dilatasyonu uygulandı ve darlık giderildi. Rektal mesalazin uygulamasının darlık bölgesindeki inflamutuvar sürece olumlu etkisi oldu ve balon dilatasyon sayısını azalttı. Kolorektal darlıkların tedavisinde endoskopik balon dilatasyon 1985’ten beri kullanılmaktadır. Minimal invaziv bir yöntemdir, başarı oranı yüksektir, güvenle direkt görüş altında yapılabilir, tekrarlanabilir ve hastanede yatış gerektirmez.