bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of antimony doped tin oxide nanopowders as an advanced electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sun Yudong , Xu Jiasheng 
Published: November 2018

The antimony doped tin oxide (Sb‐SnO2, ATO) nanopowders have been synthesised via a facile co‐precipitation method using absolute methanol as a solvent at room temperature and followed by a calcination process. The calcination process of fabricated ATO from precursor is investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystallite phase and morphological structure of ATO powder are examined by the X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. ATO material consisting of numerous sphere‐like nanoparticles with the diameter of 40–60 nm were further measured by electrochemical workstation, exhibiting the ATO nanostructure is an high‐conductivity electrode material with highly reversible features, good specific capacitance and good capacitance retention. The specific capacitance of the ATO electrode material shows 158.2 F g−1 at current density of 1 A g−1, and specific capacitance retention remained 72% when the current density increases up to 10 A g−1, indicating the ATO nanostructures materials can be considered as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors.
Pulsating low-mass white dwarfs in the frame of new evolutionary sequences
Authors: Calcaferro Leila M. , Córsico Alejandro H. , Althaus Leandro G. , Romero Alejandra D. , Kepler S. O. 
Published: November 2018

Context. Some low-mass white-dwarf (WD) stars with H atmospheres currently being detected in our galaxy, show long-period g(gravity)-mode pulsations, and comprise the class of pulsating WDs called extremely low-mass variable (ELMV) stars. At present, it is generally believed that these stars have thick H envelopes. However, from stellar evolution considerations, the existence of low-mass WDs with thin H envelopes is also possible.
Aims. We present a thorough asteroseismological analysis of ELMV stars on the basis of a complete set of fully evolutionary models that represents low-mass He-core WD stars harboring a range of H envelope thicknesses. Although there are currently nine ELMVs, here we only focus on those that exhibit more than three periods and whose periods do not show significant uncertainties.
Methods. We considered g-mode adiabatic pulsation periods for low-mass He-core WD models with stellar masses in the range [0.1554–0.4352] M⊙, effective temperatures in the range [6000–10 000] K, and H envelope thicknesses in the interval −5.8 ≲ log(MH/M⋆)≲ −1.7. We explore the effects of employing different H-envelope thicknesses on the adiabatic pulsation properties of low-mass He-core WD models, and perform period-to-period fits to ELMV stars to search for a representative asteroseismological model.
Results. We found that the mode-trapping effects of g modes depend sensitively on the value of MH, with the trapping cycle and trapping amplitude larger for thinner H envelopes. We also found that the asymptotic period spacing, ΔΠa, is longer for thinner H envelopes. Finally, we found asteroseismological models (when possible) for the stars under analysis, characterized by canonical (thick) and by thin H envelope. The effective temperature and stellar mass of these models are in agreement with the spectroscopic determinations.
Conclusions. The fact that we have found asteroseismological solutions with H envelopes thinner than canonical gives a suggestion of the possible scenario of formation of these stars. Indeed, in the light of our results, some of these stars could have been formed by binary evolution through unstable mass loss.
Schmerztherapie beim Hund mit Curcuma longa L.
Authors: Thoonsen Yvonne 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungCurcumin ist die am besten charakterisierte Komponente aus dem Rhizom von Curcuma longa L., die eine Vielzahl von Wirkungen auf den Säugetierorganismus ausübt. Ihre antioxidativen und entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften sind von großem Interesse und eröffnen einiges an Potenzial. Insbesondere für ältere multimorbide Hundepatienten stellt Curcumin eine wertvolle, wirkungsvolle, nebenwirkungsarme sowie auch praktisch adjuvante Therapie in Kombination mit anderen Analgetika dar. Zudem unterstützt und schützt sie zusätzlich das wichtigste Entgiftungsorgan des Organismus – die Leber – und könnte auch aufgrund seiner neuroprotektiven Wirkung bei Alzheimer-Demenz eine begleitende bzw. vorbeugende Therapieoption beim Kognitiven Dysfunktionssyndrom des Hundes darstellen. Der palliative Einsatz ggf. hochdosierten Curcumins bei Tumorerkrankungen könnte ebenfalls sinnvoll sein. Ernsthafte Studien zu Curcuma longa L., seinen Zubereitungen, Dosierungen und beim Tier sind gefordert.
Acute Effect of Active and Passive Static Stretching on Elastic Modulus of the Hamstrings
Authors: Nakao Gakuto , Taniguchi Keigo , Katayose Masaki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the acute effects of passive knee extension (PKE) and active knee extension (AKE) stretching on the shear elastic modulus of the hamstrings. In 20 healthy men, maximum knee extension (maximum range of motion [ROM]) and shear elastic modulus of the hamstrings (biceps femoris long head, semitendinosus, semimembranosus) were measured before (Pre) and after (Post) AKE and PKE stretching. The maximum ROM during stretching was measured. In both stretching methods, maximum ROM increased and the shear elastic modulus decreased (p<0.01), but no difference was found between the procedures. No significant difference was observed in the maximum ROM during stretching between the procedures (p=0.06). The shear elastic modulus was significantly lower in the biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus than in the semitendinosus muscle (p<0.05). Static stretching with PKE and AKE stretching showed an increase in maximum ROM and a decrease in hamstring elasticity, but no difference was found between the methods. Both stretching protocols were effective for reducing elasticity of the biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus.
A Breath of Fresh Air
Authors: Jain Pratik , Chunawala Aafreen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAsthma affects individuals of all ages, from childhood into adulthood. Taking preventive measures is essential for asthmatic patients, as the recurrence of attacks is a major discomfort and stressor. Here, we will examine two cases of bronchial asthma from the practices of conscientious students who have learned under Dr. Rajan Sankaran. Here, the authors demonstrate the ease in which neo-homeopaths can also emulate Dr. Sankaran's various approaches and techniques of case taking and analysis, and also how to apply these very techniques to find a carefully selected medicine that brings a successful cure. Homeopathic remedies become ‘a breath of fresh air’ for these patients and provide long-term relief of symptoms, both physically and mentally.
The ADA-EASD patient-centered guidelines for management of hyperglycemia: Are they patient-centered enough?
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Bantwal Ganapathy , John Mathew 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background: The American diabetes association (ADA) and European association for the study of diabetes (EASD) recently issued an updated position statement on the management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. The choice of nomenclature of these guidelines is refreshing as it highlights a patient-centered approach to managing diabetes.
Discussion: This debate looks at these guidelines through the prism of patient-centeredness, it tries to assess if the authors of the ADA-EASD position statement have been able to “walk the talk” with respect to the patient-centered approach that they advocate.
Conclusion: We conclude that the guidelines can be made more patient-centered, by emphasizing psychosocial and psychiatric comorbidity of diabetes, ethno pharmacy, and patient-friendly insulin regimes and oral fixed dose combinations, in a culturally competent, globally acceptable manner.
Social norms and farm animal protection
Authors: Delon Nicolas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSocial change is slow and difficult. Social change for animals is formidably slow and difficult. Advocates and scholars alike have long tried to change attitudes and convince the public that eating animals is wrong. The topic of norms and social change for animals has been neglected, which explains in part the relative failure of the animal protection movement to secure robust support reflected in social and legal norms. Moreover, animal ethics has suffered from a disproportionate focus on individual attitudes and behavior at the expense of collective behavior, social change, and empirical psychology. If what we want to change is behavior on a large scale, norms are important tools. This article reviews an account of social norms that provides insights into the possibility and limitations of social change for animals, approaching animal protection as a problem of reverse social engineering. It highlights avenues for future work from this neglected perspective.
MARCH3 attenuates IL-1β–triggered inflammation by mediating K48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of IL-1RI
Authors: Lin Heng , Gao Deng , Hu Ming-Ming , Zhang Man , Wu Xiao-Xia , Feng Lu , Xu Wen-Hua , Yang Qing , Zhong Xuan , Wei Jin , Xu Zhi-Sheng , Zhang Hong-Xia , Song Ze-Min , Zhou Qian , Ye Wen , Liu Ying , Li Shu , Shu Hong-Bing 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Infection of pathogenic microbes induces the body to produce cytokines, which are mediators of inflammation. IL-1β plays central roles in the initiation of inflammatory and immune responses. In this study, we identified MARCH3 protein, which negatively regulates IL-1β–triggered signaling and inflammatory response by mediating K48-linked polyubiquitination of IL-1RI at lysine 409 and its lysosomal degradation. Our findings reveal a mechanism for how IL-1β–triggered inflammatory response is attenuated by down-regulation of IL-1β receptor.
The CD4−CD8−MAIT cell subpopulation is a functionally distinct subset developmentally related to the main CD8+MAIT cell pool
Authors: Dias Joana , Boulouis Caroline , Gorin Jean-Baptiste , van den Biggelaar Robin H. G. A. , Lal Kerri G. , Gibbs Anna , Loh Liyen , Gulam Muhammad Yaaseen , Sia Wan Rong , Bari Sudipto , Hwang William Y. K. , Nixon Douglas F. , Nguyen Son , Betts Michael R. , Buggert Marcus , Eller Michael A. , Broliden Kristina , Tjernlund Annelie , Sandberg Johan K. , Leeansyah Edwin 
Published: November 2018

SignificanceMucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional innate-like T cells recognizing microbial riboflavin metabolites presented by the monomorphic MR1 molecule. Here, we show that the CD8+CD4−and CD8−CD4−subpopulations of human MAIT cells represent transcriptionally and phenotypically discrete subsets with distinct functional profiles. Furthermore, T cell receptor repertoire analysis, as well as MAIT cell data based on human fetal tissues, umbilical cord blood, and culture systems indicate that the CD8−CD4−subset may derive from the main CD8+CD4−MAIT cell pool. Thus, MAIT cells, a major antimicrobial effector T cell population in humans, segregate into two functionally distinct but developmentally related subsets separated by the expression of CD8. This functional difference may have significant implications in infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Condition-specific series of metabolic sub-networks and its application for gene set enrichment analysis
Authors: Tran Van Du T , Moretti Sébastien , Coste Alix T , Amorim-Vaz Sara , Sanglard Dominique , Pagni Marco 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMotivationGenome-scale metabolic networks and transcriptomic data represent complementary sources of knowledge about an organism’s metabolism, yet their integration to achieve biological insight remains challenging.ResultsWe investigate here condition-specific series of metabolic sub-networks constructed by successively removing genes from a comprehensive network. The optimal order of gene removal is deduced from transcriptomic data. The sub-networks are evaluated via a fitness function, which estimates their degree of alteration. We then consider how a gene set, i.e. a group of genes contributing to a common biological function, is depleted in different series of sub-networks to detect the difference between experimental conditions. The method, named metaboGSE, is validated on public data for Yarrowia lipolytica and mouse. It is shown to produce GO terms of higher specificity compared to popular gene set enrichment methods like GSEA or topGO.Availability and implementationThe metaboGSE R package is available at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=metaboGSE.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
PAVOOC: designing CRISPR sgRNAs using 3D protein structures and functional domain annotations
Authors: Schaefer Moritz , Clevert Djork-Arné , Weiss Bertram , Steffen Andreas 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Summary
Single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting the same gene can significantly vary in terms of efficacy and specificity. PAVOOC (Prediction And Visualization of On- and Off-targets for CRISPR) is a web-based CRISPR sgRNA design tool that employs state of the art machine learning models to prioritize most effective candidate sgRNAs. In contrast to other tools, it maps sgRNAs to functional domains and protein structures and visualizes cut sites on corresponding protein crystal structures. Furthermore, PAVOOC supports homology-directed repair template generation for genome editing experiments and the visualization of the mutated amino acids in 3D.

Availability and implementation
PAVOOC is available under https://pavooc.me and accessible using modern browsers (Chrome/Chromium recommended). The source code is hosted at github.com/moritzschaefer/pavooc under the MIT License. The backend, including data processing steps, and the frontend are implemented in Python 3 and ReactJS, respectively. All components run in a simple Docker environment.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Pair Matcher (PaM): fast model-based optimization of treatment/case-control matches
Authors: Elhaik Eran , Ryan Desmond M 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
In clinical trials, individuals are matched using demographic criteria, paired and then randomly assigned to treatment and control groups to determine a drug’s efficacy. A chief cause for the irreproducibility of results across pilot to Phase-III trials is population stratification bias caused by the uneven distribution of ancestries in the treatment and control groups.

Results
Pair Matcher (PaM) addresses stratification bias by optimizing pairing assignments a priori and/or a posteriori to the trial using both genetic and demographic criteria. Using simulated and real datasets, we show that PaM identifies ideal and near-ideal pairs that are more genetically homogeneous than those identified based on competing methods, including the commonly used principal component analysis (PCA). Homogenizing the treatment (or case) and control groups can be expected to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the trial or genetic study. PaM’s ancestral inferences also allow characterizing responders and developing a precision medicine approach to treatment.

Availability and implementation
PaM is freely available via Rhttps://github.com/eelhaik/PAM and a web-interface at http://elhaik-matcher.sheffield.ac.uk/ElhaikLab/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Local rewiring algorithms to increase clustering and grow a small world
Authors: Alstott Jeff , Klymko Christine , Pyzza Pamela B , Radcliffe Mary 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany real-world networks have high clustering among vertices: vertices that share neighbours are often also directly connected to each other. A network’s clustering can be a useful indicator of its connectedness and community structure. Algorithms for generating networks with high clustering have been developed, but typically rely on adding or removing edges and nodes, sometimes from a completely empty network. Here, we introduce algorithms that create a highly clustered network by starting with an existing network and rearranging edges, without adding or removing them; these algorithms can preserve other network properties even as the clustering increases. They rely on local rewiring rules, in which a single edge changes one of its vertices in a way that is guaranteed to increase clustering. This greedy step can be applied iteratively to transform a random network into a form with much higher clustering. Additionally, the algorithms presented grow a network’s clustering faster than they increase its path length, meaning that network enters a regime of comparatively high clustering and low path length: a small world. These algorithms may be a basis for how real-world networks rearrange themselves organically to achieve or maintain high clustering and small-world structure.
Negative Self-perception of Aging and Mortality in Very Old Chinese Adults: The Mediation Role of Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Zhang Xin , Kamin Stefan T , Liu Songqi , Fung Helene H , Lang Frieder R 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesPrevious literature has consistently shown a positive association between negative self-perception of aging and mortality in middle-aged and older adults. However, two questions remain unsolved: (a) whether such association holds among very old people (i.e., the fourth age) and (b) the potential mediators that could contribute to the positive association. This study sought to fill in the research gap by examining the association between self-perception of aging and mortality in a group of very old Chinese participants (i.e., aged over 78 years).MethodsFour waves of data across a span of 8 years (2000–2008) were obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, which measured a total of 9,683 participants’ negative self-perception of aging, survival status, cognitive functioning, diet, as well as other demographic information.ResultsLatent growth models with survival analysis were conducted, and the results replicated previous findings indicating an association between negative self-perceptions of aging and reduced survival. Moreover and more importantly, a potential mediator—healthy lifestyle (e.g., eating fresh vegetables and fruits, exercising regularly, and no smoking)—was identified, such that older adults with more negative self-perception of aging tended to engage in less healthy lifestyle, which could lead to increased risk of mortality.DiscussionThe findings provided support for a longitudinal behavioral pathway of health, linking negative perceptions of aging to mortality, and also yielded important practical implications for older adults to reach longevity.
Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
Authors: Dong Xiaofeng , Chaisiri Kittipong , Xia Dong , Armstrong Stuart D , Fang Yongxiang , Donnelly Martin J , Kadowaki Tatsuhiko , McGarry John W , Darby Alistair C , Makepeace Benjamin L 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Trombidid mites have a unique life cycle in which only the larval stage is ectoparasitic. In the superfamily Trombiculoidea (“chiggers”), the larvae feed preferentially on vertebrates, including humans. Species in the genus Leptotrombidium are vectors of a potentially fatal bacterial infection, scrub typhus, that affects 1 million people annually. Moreover, chiggers can cause pruritic dermatitis (trombiculiasis) in humans and domesticated animals. In the Trombidioidea (velvet mites), the larvae feed on other arthropods and are potential biological control agents for agricultural pests. Here, we present the first trombidid mites genomes, obtained both for a chigger, Leptotrombidium deliense, and for a velvet mite, Dinothrombium tinctorium.

Results
Sequencing was performed using Illumina technology. A 180 Mb draft assembly for D. tinctorium was generated from two paired-end and one mate-pair library using a single adult specimen. For L. deliense, a lower-coverage draft assembly (117 Mb) was obtained using pooled, engorged larvae with a single paired-end library. Remarkably, both genomes exhibited evidence of ancient lateral gene transfer from soil-derived bacteria or fungi. The transferred genes confer functions that are rare in animals, including terpene and carotenoid synthesis. Thirty-seven allergenic protein families were predicted in the L. deliense genome, of which nine were unique. Preliminary proteomic analyses identified several of these putative allergens in larvae.

Conclusions
Trombidid mite genomes appear to be more dynamic than those of other acariform mites. A priority for future research is to determine the biological function of terpene synthesis in this taxon and its potential for exploitation in disease control.
On the numerical solution of a class of systems of linear matrix equations
Authors: Simoncini Valeria 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We consider the solution of systems of linear matrix equations in two or three unknown matrices. For dense problems we derive algorithms that determine the numerical solution by only involving matrices of the same size as those in the original problem, thus requiring low computational resources. For large and structured systems we show how the problem properties can be exploited to design effective algorithms with low memory and operation requirements. Numerical experiments illustrate the performance of the new methods.
Anti-OspA DNA-Encoded Monoclonal Antibody Prevents Transmission of Spirochetes in Tick Challenge Providing Sterilizing Immunity in Mice
Authors: Wang Yang , Esquivel Rianne , Flingai Seleeke , Schiller Zachary A , Kern Aurélie , Agarwal Sangya , Chu Jacqueline , Patel Ami , Sullivan Katherine , Wise Megan C , Broderick Kate E , Hu Linden , Weiner David B , Klempner Mark S 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe recently developed anti-OspA human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) that are effective in preventing Borrelia transmission from ticks in a murine model. Here, we investigated a novel approach of DNA-mediated gene transfer of HuMAbs that provide protection against Lyme disease. Plasmid DNA-encoded anti-OspA HuMAbs inoculated in mice achieved a serum antibody concentration of &gt;6 μg/mL. Among mice injected with DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies, 75%–77% were protected against an acute challenge by Borrelia-infected ticks. Our results represent the first demonstration of employing DNA transfer as a delivery system for antibodies that block transmission of Borrelia in animal models.