bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home treatment for acute mental healthcare: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Stulz Niklaus , Wyder Lea , Maeck Lienhard , Hilpert Matthias , Lerzer Helmut , Zander Eduard , Kawohl Wolfram , grosse Holtforth Martin , Schnyder Ulrich , Hepp Urs 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundHome treatment has been proposed as an alternative to acute in-patient care for mentally ill patients. However, there is only moderate evidence in support of home treatment.AimsTo test whether and to what degree home treatment services would enable a reduction (substitution) of hospital use.MethodA total of 707 consecutively admitted adult patients with a broad spectrum of mental disorders (ICD-10: F2–F6, F8–F9, Z) experiencing crises that necessitated immediate admission to hospital, were randomly allocated to either a service model including a home treatment alternative to hospital care (experimental group) or a conventional service model that lacked a home treatment alternative to in-patient care (control group) (trial registration at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02322437).ResultsThe mean number of hospital days per patient within 24 months after the index crisis necessitating hospital admission (primary outcome) was reduced by 30.4% (mean 41.3 v. 59.3, P<0.001) when a home treatment team was available (intention-to-treat analysis). Regarding secondary outcomes, average overall treatment duration (hospital days + home treatment days) per patient (mean 50.4 v. 59.3, P = 0.969) and mean number of hospital admissions per patient (mean 1.86 v. 1.93, P = 0.885) did not differ statistically significantly between the experimental and control groups within 24 months after the index crisis. There were no significant between-group differences regarding clinical and social outcomes (Health of the Nation Outcome Scales: mean 9.9 v. 9.7, P = 0.652) or patient satisfaction with care (Perception of Care questionnaire: mean 0.78 v. 0.80, P = 0.242).ConclusionsHome treatment services can reduce hospital use among severely ill patients in acute crises and seem to result in comparable clinical/social outcomes and patient satisfaction as standard in-patient care.
Fat Oxidation Rates in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: RANDELL REBECCA K. , CARTER JAMES M. , JEUKENDRUP ASKER E. , LIZARRAGA MARIA ANTONIA , YANGUAS JAVIER I. , ROLLO IAN 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeLarge interindividual variation exists in maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rates and the exercise intensity at which it occurs (FATMAX). However, there are no data describing the shape of the fat oxidation curve or if individual differences exist when tested on separate occasions. Furthermore, there are limited data on fat metabolism in professional team sport athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test–retest the concavity (shape) and intercept (height) of fat oxidation curves within a group of professional soccer players.MethodOn two occasions, 16 professional male soccer players completed a graded exercise test in a fasted state (≥5 h). Rates of fat oxidation were determined using indirect calorimetry. Maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) was measured to calculate FATMAX (%V˙O2max). The shape of the fat oxidation curves were modeled on an individual basis using third-degree polynomial. Test-by-test differences, in the shape and vertical shift of the fat oxidation curves, were established to assess within-individual variability.ResultsAverage absolute MFO was 0.69 ± 0.15 g·min−1(range, 0.45–0.99 g·min−1). On a group level, no significant differences were found in MFO between the two tests. No differences were found (P> 0.05) in the shape of the fat oxidation curves in 13 of 16 players (test 1 vs test 2). There were also no differences (P> 0.05) in the vertical shift of the fat oxidation curves in 10 players.ConclusionsIn general, the shape of the fat oxidation curve does not change within an individual; however, the vertical shift is more susceptible to change, which may be due to training status and body composition. Understanding a player’s metabolism may be of value to practitioners working within sport, with regard to personalizing nutrition strategies.
Testosterone and Resistance Training Improve Muscle Quality in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: HOLMAN MATTHEW E. , GORGEY ASHRAF S. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Spinal cord injury (SCI) negatively impacts muscle quality and testosterone levels. Resistance training (RT) has been shown to increase muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) after SCI, whereas testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been shown to improve muscle quality in other populations. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine if the combined effects of these interventions, TRT + RT, may maximize the beneficial effects on muscle quality after SCI.

Methods
Twenty-two SCI subjects randomized into either a TRT + RT (n = 11) or TRT (n = 11) intervention for 16 wk. Muscle quality measured by peak torque (PT) at speeds of 0°·s−1 (PT-0°), 60°·s−1 (PT-60°), 90°·s−1 (PT-90°), and 180°·s−1 (PT-180°), knee extensor CSA, specific tension, and contractile speed (rise time [RTi], and half-time to relaxation [½TiR]) was assessed for each limb at baseline and postintervention using 2 × 2 mixed models.

Results
After 16 wk, subjects in the TRT + RT group increased PT-0° (48.4%, P = 0.017), knee extensor CSA (30.8%, P < 0.0001), and RTi (17.7%, P = 0.012); with no significant changes observed in the TRT group. Regardless of the intervention, changes to PT-60° (28.4%, P = 0.020), PT-90° (26.1%, P = 0.055), and PT-180° (20.6%, P = 0.09) for each group were similar.

Conclusions
The addition of mechanical stress via RT to TRT maximizes improvements to muscle quality after complete SCI when compared with TRT administered alone. Our evidence shows that this intervention increases muscle size and strength while also improving muscle contractile properties.
Comparative effectiveness of intensity modulated radiation therapy to 3-dimensional conformal radiation in locally advanced lung cancer: pathological and clinical outcomes
Authors: Appel Sarit , Bar Jair , Ben-Nun Alon , Perelman Marina , Alezra Dror , Urban Damien , Ben-Ayun Maoz , Honig Nir , Ofek Efrat , Katzman Tamar , Onn Amir , Chatterji Sumit , Dubinski Sergey , Tsvang Lev , Felder Shira , Kraitman Judith , Haisraely Ory , Rabin Alezra Tatiana , Lieberman Sivan , Marom Edith M , Golan Nir , Simansky David , Symon Zvi , Lawrence Yaacov Richard 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has better normal-tissue sparing compared with 3-dimensional conformal radiation (3DCRT). We sought to assess the impact of radiation technique on pathological and clinical outcomes in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) treated with a trimodality strategy.

Methods:
Retrospective review of LANSCLC patients treated from August 2012 to August 2018 at Sheba Medical Center, Israel. The trimodality strategy consisted of concomitant chemoradiation to 60 Gray (Gy) followed by completion surgery. The planning target volume (PTV) was defined by co-registered PET/CT. Here we compare the pathological regression, surgical margin status, local control rates (LC), disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between 3DCRT and IMRT.

Results:
Our cohort consisted of 74 patients with mean age 62.9 years, male in 51/74 (69%), adenocarcinoma in 46/74 (62.1%), stage 3 in 59/74 (79.7%) and chemotherapy in 72/74 (97.3%). Radiation mean dose: 59.2 Gy (SD ± 3.8). Radiation technique : 3DCRT in 51/74 (68.9%), IMRT in 23/74 (31%). Other variables were similar between groups.Major pathological response (including pathological complete response or less than 10% residual tumor cells) was similar: 32/51 (62.7%) in 3DCRT and 15/23 (65.2%) in IMRT, p=0.83. Pathological complete response (pCR) rates were similar: 17/51 (33.3%) in 3DCRT and 8/23 (34.8%) in IMRT, p=0.9. Surgical margins were negative in 46/51 (90.1%) in 3DCRT vs. 17/19 (89.4%) in IMRT (p=1.0).The 2-year LC rates were 81.6% (95% CI 69-89.4%); DFS 58.3% (95% CI 45.5-69%) and 3-year OS 70% (95% CI57-80%). Comparing radiation techniques, there were no significant differences in LC (p=0.94), DFS (p=0.33) and OS (p=0.72).

Conclusion:
When used to treat LANSCLC in the neoadjuvant setting, both IMRT and 3DCRT produce comparable pathological and clinical outcomes.

Advances in knowledge:
This study validates the real-world effectiveness of IMRT compared to 3DCRT.
Representações Sociais da Biossegurança no Contexto do HIV/Aids: Contribuições para Saúde do Trabalhador
Authors: Pontes Ana Paula Munhen de , Oliveira Denize Cristina de , Nogueira Virginia Paiva Figueiredo , Machado Yndira Yta 
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais de biossegurança construídas pelos enfermeiros que atuam com pacientes soropositivos ao HIV. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizada em oito instituições de saúde do Município do Rio de Janeiro, com 19 enfermeiras. Os dados foram analisados com o software ALCESTE 4.10. Resultados: na análise originaram-se duas temáticas: o desenvolvimento da biossegurança em HIV/AIDS na vida pessoal; e a biossegurança em HIV/AIDS e a execução do cuidado de enfermagem. Identificou-se que a autoproteção é um dos elementos fundamentais que constitui a representação social das enfermeiras sobre biossegurança, assumindo as facetas da autoproteção na vida profissional e na vida pessoal. O uso de luvas de procedimento é caracterizado como a principal medida de precaução no trabalho. Conclusão: destaca-se a influência exercida pela representação social do HIV/Aids nas ações de autoproteção desenvolvidas por estas enfermeiras.
Uji Asumsi Proportional Hazard pada Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Waktu Tahan Hidup Pasien Kanker Paru
Authors: Aditya Elnatan Dimas , Handajani Sri Sulistijowati , Setiyowati Ririn 
Published: March 2019

<p>Lung cancer is the disease that its death risk always increase, because of that the survival time of its patient is interesting to be researched. One of the method that can be used to research survival time of lung cancer patient is Cox regression. It has an assumption that called proportional hazard assumption. Proportional hazard assumption can be tested by graph method that is log-log graph, but the result is only used as temporary suspicion<em>.</em> For a better result, the goodness of fit test can be used by calculate the correlation between rank of survival time and schoenfeld residual. The result is age variabel doesn’t satisfy proportional hazard assumption.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords : </strong>cox regression; proportional hazard assumption; log-log graph; goodness of fit test.
Myocardial dysfunction in relation to serum thiamine levels in children with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Mohamed Ragaa Abd-Elsalam , Abu Farag Ibrahim Mohamed , Elhady Marwa , Ibrahim Radwa Saeed 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Thiamine deficiency is commonly reported in patients with diabetes especially during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) that could attribute to myocardial dysfunction in those patients. However, there is limited data regarding its relation to myocardial function among those patients. This study aimed to explore the association between myocardial function and serum thiamine levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods
This cross-sectional comparative study included 25 patients with DKA. Clinical data assessment, echocardiographic examination and measurement of serum high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT) and thiamine levels were done. We also assessed the association between troponin levels, echocardiographic ventricular systolic and diastolic function and serum thiamine.

Results
Twenty-four percent of children with DKA had thiamine deficiency. DKA children with thiamine deficiency had significant acidosis and higher serum troponin levels and significant impairment of diastolic function than those without thiamine deficiency. The serum thiamine level had a significant positive correlation with the echocardiographic indices of diastolic function but negative correlation with troponin levels.

Conclusions
Thiamine deficiency is a common finding during the treatment of children with DKA, and this deficiency may be associated with myocardial dysfunction.
Net Neutrality Regulation: Much Ado about Nothing?
Authors: Vogelsang Ingo 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The economics literature on Net Neutrality (NN) has been largely critical of NN regulation on the basis of theoretical findings that NN violations can be both welfare improving and welfare deteriorating, depending on the circumstances of the case in question. Thus, an ex post competition policy approach would be preferable to a strict ex ante prohibition of NN violations. In contrast, the current paper argues that NN regulation is largely ineffective, in particular, when it comes to the prohibition of fast lanes and other quality of service (QoS) differentiations, and to a lesser extent, when it comes to the zero price rule. NN regulation is only effective in preventing the blocking of specific content and in preventing the favoring of ISP owned content and in preventing some price discriminations. These are also areas where NN regulations are more likely to be welfare-enhancing. Where they are ineffective, NN regulations are likely to create inefficiencies through the cost and allocative inefficiencies caused by NN bypass. The paper ends with a call for theoretical and empirical economic analyses of NN circumvention techniques.
Upper-Body Resistance Exercise Reduces Time to Recover After a High-Volume Bench Press Protocol in Resistance-Trained Men
Authors: Bartolomei Sandro , Totti Valentina , Griggio Francesco , Malerba Consuelo , Ciacci Simone , Semprini Gabriele , Di Michele Rocco 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Bartolomei, S, Totti, V, Griggio, F, Malerba, C, Ciacci, S, Semprini, G, and Di Michele, R. Upper-body resistance exercise reduces time to recover after a high-volume bench press protocol in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S180–S187, 2021—The aim of this study was to compare the effects of active and passive strategies on the recovery response after a high-volume bench press protocol. Twenty-five resistance-trained men (mean ± SD: age = 25.8 ± 3.6 years; body mass = 87.1 ± 12.1 kg; and height = 177.4 ± 4.9 cm) performed a high-volume bench press session (8 sets of 10 reps at 70% of 1 repetition maximum). Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to an active recovery (AR) group (n = 11) or to a passive recovery (PR) group (n = 14). Active recovery consisted of light bench press sessions performed 6 hours and 30 hours after the high-volume exercise protocol. Muscle performance (bench throw power [BTP] and isometric bench press [IBP]) and morphology (muscle thickness of pectoralis major [PECMT] and of triceps brachii [TRMT]) were measured before exercise (baseline [BL]), and at 15-minute (15P), 24-hour (24P), and 48-hour (48P) post-exercise. Post-exercise recovery of both maximal strength and power was accelerated in AR compared with PR. Both BTP and IBP were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced at 15P and 24P in PR, whereas changes were significant (p < 0.001) at 15P only in AR. PECMT was still significantly (p = 0.015) altered from BL at 48P in PR, whereas changes were significant (p < 0.001) at 15P only in AR. No significant interactions (p > 0.05) between PR and AR were detected for TRMT and muscle soreness. The present results indicate that AR enhances the recovery rate after high-volume exercise sessions and may be included in resistance training programs to optimize muscle adaptations.
Individual Responses to Different Vibration Frequencies Identified by Electromyography and Dynamometry in Different Types of Vibration Application
Authors: Oliveira Mariana P. , Menzel Hans-Joachim K. , Cochrane Darryl J. , Drummond Marcos D. M. , Demicheli Carlo , Lage Guilherme , Couto Bruno P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Oliveira, MP, Menzel, H-JK, Cochrane, DJ, Drummond, MD, Demicheli, C, Lage, G, and Couto, BP. Individual responses to different vibration frequencies identified by electromyography and dynamometry in different types of vibration application. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1748–1759, 2021—The application of mechanical vibration is a common neuromuscular training technique used in sports training programs to generate acute increases in muscle strength. The principal aim of the study was to compare the individual optimal vibration frequency (IOVF) identified by electromyography (EMG) activity and force production in strength training. Twenty well-trained male volunteers (age: 23.8 ± 3.3 years) performed a familiarization and 2 interventions sessions, which included 5 maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the elbow flexors with a duration of 10 seconds and 5-minute intervals between each MVC. The first MVC was performed without vibration followed by 4 randomized MVCs with application of vibration in the direction of the resultant muscle forces' vector (VDF) or whole-body vibration (WBV) at frequencies of 10, 20, 30, or 40 Hz. The mechanical vibration stimulus was superimposed during the MVC. Individual optimal vibration frequency, as identified by EMG, did not coincide with IOVF identified by force production; low agreement was observed between the vibration frequencies in generating the higher EMG activity, maximal force, and root mean square of force. These findings suggest that the magnitude of the vibratory stimulus response is individualized. Therefore, if the aim is to use acute vibration in conjunction with strength training, a preliminary vibration exposure should be conducted to determine the individualized vibratory stimulus of the subject, so that training effects can be optimized.
A Novel Experimental Technique to Investigate Soil–Pipeline Interaction under Axial Loading in Saturated and Unsaturated Sands
Authors: Al-Khazaali Mohammed , Vanapalli Sai K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractComprehensive experimental and numerical models are required for reliable investigation of unsaturated soil-structure interaction problems. In this study, a reliable testing technique and a numerical modeling methodology were developed to study the performance of a buried pipeline system in sand subjected to relative soil movement in a direction parallel to its axis under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. A novel testing system was developed using a specially designed test box of 1.5-m length, 1.2-m width, and 1.1-m height. The system utilizes the hanging column technique to achieve different soil matric suction profiles. The experimental results on the tested sand suggest that the measured axial force exerted on a pipe in unsaturated sand is significantly higher compared with the saturated condition. The measured behavior of the prototype pipe was numerically modeled using the commercial software SIGMA/W extending the principles of saturated and unsaturated soil mechanics. The predicted axial force, following the suggested finite element analysis (FEA) methodology, is in good agreement with the measured axial force on the tested prototype pipe. Both the experimental technique and numerical method proposed in this article are useful for the practicing engineers in the rational design of pipelines in sandy soils, taking account of the influence of saturated and unsaturated conditions in sandy soils.
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Short Fiber-Glass Epoxy Composites
Authors: Bere Paul , Dudescu Mircea , Neamtu Calin , Nemes Ovidiu , Moldovan Catalin , Simion Mihaela 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this article, the epoxy-based composites were developed by combining the short E-glass fibers into epoxy matrix. The fiber content in the composite was varied from 0.05 to 0.40 by weight fraction, and the variation of mechanical properties, such as tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness properties, in each case, were investigated. Chemical analyses of the constituents by X-ray spectroscopy and a microstructural analysis of the fracture area complete the mechanical tests. The obtained results show that although ultimate tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites decreased with increasing fiber content, Young’s and flexural moduli increased. The reduction in the failure strain is caused by an embrittlement effect as the stiffness of the composites is improved when the fiber weight fraction is increased. In the investigated glass fiber volume fraction range, the notched Charpy impact energy of composites increases with an increase of the glass fiber volume fraction. The morphological analysis of the tensile fracture surfaces of the composites observed using scanning electron microscopy brings an important clarification that explains the obtained behavior. The micromechanics analysis of behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with short glass fibers was performed using Digimat 6.0 software, and the obtained results of Young’s modulus revealed a good convergence of the calculated and measured values.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA FORMULAÇÃO DO “TIPO HAMBÚRGUER” DE OKARA COM SHITAKE
Authors: Paula Gleiciane Teixeira , De Farias Helena Portes Sava , Ali Lygia Rachel Ferreira Yussef , Ribeiro Rodrigo Costa , Pereira Vanderson Da Silva , Paiva Eliane De Souza , Alves Rodrigo Gomes , Pereira Mariana Catta Preta Caiado 
Published: March 2019

O hambúrguer é um produto muito disseminado em todo o mundo, por se tratar de um alimento com ampla disponibilidade e, que, por ser de fácil acesso, está sempre presente no cardápio dos brasileiros. Torna-se uma espécie de difusor e de enriquecimento nutricional por possuir todos os macronutrientes. O processamento de produtos à base de soja dá origem a okara, um subproduto rico nutricionalmente, principalmente, em seu teor de fibras alimentares. O okara, geralmente, é descartado de forma incorreta pela indústria e tal ato pode causar danos ambientais. O presente trabalho objetivou empregar o okara na produção de um alimento “tipo hambúrguer”, com o aumento do aporte de fibras alimentares do produto. O seu rótulo foi elaborar de acordo com as normas da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa). Também foi analisado se o “tipo hambúrguer” pode ser denominado produto fonte de fibras, de acordo com a RDC n° 54/2012 e se esse produto contém maior teor de fibras quando comparado aos hambúrgueres de soja de 3 diferentes marcas comercializados em supermercados locais. Foi possível elaborar um produto “tipo hambúrguer” de Okara, que se destacou como fonte de fibras, além de possuir maior valor nutricional, quando comparado a outros hambúrgueres, contendo um rótulo nutricional formulado de acordo com a legislação vigente.
Perceived Target Range Shapes Human Sound-Localization Behavior
Authors: Ege Rachel , Van Opstal A. John , Van Wanrooij Marc M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe auditory system relies on binaural differences and spectral pinna cues to localize sounds in azimuth and elevation. However, the acoustic input can be unreliable, due to uncertainty about the environment, and neural noise. A possible strategy to reduce sound-location uncertainty is to integrate the sensory observations with sensorimotor information from previous experience, to infer where sounds are more likely to occur. We investigated whether and how human sound localization performance is affected by the spatial distribution of target sounds, and changes thereof. We tested three different open-loop paradigms, in which we varied the spatial range of sounds in different ways. For the narrowest ranges, target-response gains were highly idiosyncratic and deviated from an optimal gain predicted by error-minimization; in the horizontal plane the deviation typically consisted of a response overshoot. Moreover, participants adjusted their behavior by rapidly adapting their gain to the target range, both in elevation and in azimuth, yielding behavior closer to optimal for larger target ranges. Notably, gain changes occurred without any exogenous feedback about performance. We discuss how the findings can be explained by a sub-optimal model in which the motor-control system reduces its response error across trials to within an acceptable range, rather than strictly minimizing the error.