bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stock index trend prediction based on multiscale random forests
Authors: Ren Aizhen , Lin Zida , Ishida Takashi , Akiyama Yutaka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper describes the implementation of a multiscale bootstrap method to improve the random forest algorithm. We construct a multiscale random forest model with the aim of enhancing the classification accuracy of the conventional random forest method, and we apply it to stock index predictions. First, the basic indicators of the CSI 300 stock index are analyzed through stepwise regression analysis to obtain a smaller number of input indicators. Second, using the multiscale bootstrap method, the training samples are resampled multiple times during the model construction stage to generate multiple random forests. These random forests are integrated to obtain the multiscale random forest. In the prediction stage, the multiscale bootstrap probability is obtained and the unbiased p-value with third-order accuracy is computed through regression analysis and extrapolation. Finally, we apply the proposed method to the original dataset and to the dataset obtained after stepwise regression analysis. The predictive performance of multiscale random forest, ordinary random forest, support vector machine, and weighted k-nearest neighbors models are evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results show that the proposed multiscale random forest model outperforms the other models on the accuracy, precision, and F1 score metrics when using the first dataset, but gives a worse recall value than the support vector machine model. On the second dataset, the proposed multiscale random forest model achieves the highest precision. Therefore, the multiscale random forest prediction model is suitable for stock index forecasting, providing theoretical and technical support for the subsequent construction of quantitative timing strategies, option pricing models, and financial early-warning models of listed companies for higher-level theoretical research and development of new application systems.
Molecular dynamic studies of Gold nanoparticles in a dental material TEGDMA
Authors: N Amruth B , H Somashekarappa , M Maurya , B Nandaprakash M , R Somashekar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of gold (Au) nanoparticles on the physical and chemical properties of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) through molecular dynamics simulations. Gold nanoparticles were incorporated into TEGDMA at varying concentrations (0%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) to analyze their influence on key parameters such as cohesive energy, lattice energy, viscosity, surface tension, density, specific heat, and optical properties (UV-Vis and IR spectra). The results showed that 3% Au nanoparticles optimized the mechanical strength, density, and viscosity, while 4% Au exhibited the highest specific heat and uniform distribution of nanoparticles. Beyond 4%, the properties began to deteriorate, likely due to aggregation and void formation in the matrix. Phonon and UV-Vis spectra revealed enhanced vibrational and optical properties with increased Au concentration. Some of these results are compared with reported experimental values which do justify the computation carried out here. These findings demonstrate the potential for Au-doped TEGDMA in dental and biomaterial applications, offering improved mechanical and thermal performance. Functional data analysis of the computed parameters with concentratons of Au in TEGDMA is reported here. This study also opens pathways for further research into nanoparticle integration in composite materials for enhanced industrial use.
The Role of Protective Genetic Variants in Modulating Epigenetic Aging
Authors: Bejaoui Yosra , Sr Luma , Qannan Abeer , Oshima Junko , Saad Chadi , Horvath Steve , Mbarek Hamdi , Hajj Nady El 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Several progeroid syndromes' causative mutations have been linked to epigenetic age acceleration as measured via several epigenetic clocks. At the same time, several protective variants have also been discovered that can reduce the risk of developing certain age-related disorders. However, the impact of these protective variants on epigenetic aging has not been well elucidated.
Results
Our research, which involved screening over 14,669 individuals enrolled in the Qatar BioBank (QBB) and sequenced by the Qatar Genome Project (QGP), identified individuals carrying protective variants against age-related disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and atherosclerosis. In this study, we measured methylation levels in blood DNA using the EPIC v2 arrays. In addition, epigenetic age was calculated using various epigenetic clocks. Our analysis revealed that the APOE*E2 protective variant reduces the rate of GrimAge epigenetic aging when compared to individuals with the APOE4 AD risk allele. Furthermore, our differential DNA methylation analysis discovered the association of the PCSK9 protective variant with specific biological processes related to immune function and the cardiovascular system.
Conclusion
In conclusion, APOE*E2 protective variants have a positive impact on epigenetic aging, while PCSK9 protective variants have a significant effect on DNA methylation signatures. Further studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms by which protective variants influence epigenetic aging, particularly the role of APOE*E2 protective variants in biological aging. Furthermore, additional research is required to fully uncover the processes that might enable specific targeted therapies to mimic the effects of beneficial mutations, such as LOF variants in PCSK9, in reducing the risk of geriatric disorders.
A Synthetic Control approach on Argentina’s Beef Exports Restriction
Authors: de Mier Manuel , Delbianco Fernando 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The volatile and upward behavior of beef prices above the general price level led the Argentine government to implement export restrictions in May 2021 to stabilize domestic prices. This paper employs the synthetic control method to assess the impact of this policy on retail beef prices in the city of Bahía Blanca, Argentina. The results indicate a temporary effectiveness of the intervention in terms of price stabilization, causing a slowdown in beef prices between July and October 2021 that would not have otherwise occurred.
JEL Codes: E31, Q11, Q17-18.
Autophagy-lysosomal dysfunction, intraneuronal amyloidosis, and selective neuron death yield senile plaques in preclinical late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Nixon Ralph , Lee Ju-Hyun , Stavrides Philip , Darji Sandipkumar , Goulbourne Chris , Berg Martin , Mohan Panaiyur , Yang Dun-Sheng , Roussos Panos , Bleiwas Cynthia , Jeon Pureum , Peddy James , Zhu Xiongwei , Perry George , Dammer Eric , Seyfried Nicholas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) is dysfunctional in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) although pathogenic consequences remain unclear. Here, we identify exceptionally early ALP dysfunction in neocortical neurons of late-onset sporadic AD (LOAD) brains, leading to selective neuronal death yielding β-amyloid plaques. Proteomic ALP analyses of ROSMAP/Banner datasets revealed selective deficits in vATPase subunits and, in an snRNA database, diminished vATPase transcripts in excitatory neurons but not other cell-types. Biochemical, confocal, and immuno-EM human brain analyses confirm defective neuronal lysosomal clearance and intracellular β-amyloid formation within ER-related membrane tubules. Despite deficient clearance, persistent autophagy induction accelerates profuse buildup of Aβ-positive autolysosomes. In select neurons among broadly affected neocortical populations, extreme autophagic stress and intraneuronal β-amyloidosis cause cell death and transform these neurons into extracellular senile plaques. Thus, LOAD brain recapitulates PANTHOS pattern of ALP dysfunction in mouse AD models that arises from faulty-autolysosome acidification and underlies an intraneuronal (“inside-out”) origin of senile plaques.
Functional disability and depressive symptoms among centenarians in Nanjing, China: The mediating role of leisure activities and attitudes toward aging
Authors: Xu Xin , Pei Yaolin , Wu Bei , Zhao Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective This study examines the association between functional disability and depressive symptoms among Chinese centenarians, and the mediating role of leisure activities and attitudes toward aging in this association.Methods The data were obtained from a cross-sectional household survey of 185 centenarians in Nanjing. We used OLS and structural equation modeling to examine the associations between functional disability, leisure activities, attitudes toward aging, and depressive symptoms.Results Functional disability was positively associated with depressive symptoms (b = 0.24, p < 0.001). Both leisure activities (34.2%) and attitudes toward aging (82.3%) partially mediated the association between functional disability and depressive symptoms among centenarians.Conclusions Our findings suggest that engaging in leisure activities and fostering a positive attitude toward aging may help very old adults maintain their mental well-being, despite declines in physical functioning.
Chemical Composition and Selective Toxicity of Piper baccans (Piperaceae) Essential Oil Against Aedes aegypti (Culicidae) Larvae and Non-target Aquatic Organisms
Authors: Souza Hergen Vieira , Oliveira André C. , Tavares Claúdia Patrícia S. , Lima Suelen C. , Andrade Aylane Tamara dos S. , Rafael Miriam S. , Silva Junielson S. , Roque Rosemary A. , de Oliveira Ana Lígia Leondrini 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The current resistance of Aedes mosquitoes to common insecticides poses a significant challenge in controlling arboviral diseases, highlighting the need for innovative alternatives in mosquito management. Botanical insecticides may offer an environmentally safe option for vector control. In this study, we describe, for the first time, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) from the Amazonian plant Piper baccans (Piperaceae), its specific larvicidal activity, and the mechanism of action against Aedes aegypti (Culicidae). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation from the leaves of P. baccans and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The main components of the EO were identified as eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol acetate (30.71%), valerianol (5.73%), γ-eudesmol acetate (5.37%), δ-amorphene (5.03%), and 13-hydroxyvalencene (5.0%). The EO demonstrated significant larvicidal activity (LC50 of 10.68 µg/mL and LC90 of 22.11 µg/mL) and AChE inhibitory activity (IC50 of 38.37 µg/mL). Genotoxic effects of the EO were observed, evidenced by low micronucleus formation and induction of apoptosis and necrosis. Nuclear abnormalities, including disruptions during chromosome metaphase and binucleated cells, were noted. Importantly, the EO was non-toxic to non-target predators in Culicidae larvae, such as Diplonychus indicus, Anisops bouvieri, and Paracheirodon axelrodi, at concentrations below 31.25 µg/mL.
Fine resolution satellite sea surface temperatures capture the conditions experienced by corals at monthly but not daily time scales.
Authors: Bos Jaelyn T , Pinsky Malin L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Water temperature is a strong driver of growth, survival, and local adaptation in corals, but our knowledge of the temperatures experienced by corals on reefs worldwide remains limited. While in situ temperature loggers can provide high quality data, they are relatively expensive to place and retrieve. Alternatively, remotely sensed sea surface temperature data is globally available but may be a biased representation of the temperatures experienced by corals. Here, we compared data from 314 temperature loggers on coral reefs to the ~1 km2 resolution remotely sensed Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (MUR) product from NASA. We found good agreement (Pearson’s r = 0.95) between maximum monthly mean temperatures calculated from remote and in situ data, with 84% of temperatures within 0.5 °C of each other. However, remotely sensed temperature did not effectively capture sub-diel temperature fluctuations and the highest peak temperatures that may be most dangerous for corals. Predictions of in situ temperatures were significantly but weakly improved by a consideration of reef geomorphology. Ultimately, we found that remotely sensed temperatures can accurately represent the monthly conditions experienced by most corals but should be used with caution at finer temporal scales.
Characterizing the Heterogeneity of MAIT Cells in Grafts Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Assist in the Precise Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal GVHD
Authors: Zhao Xiao-Su , Gao Mengge , Li Si-Qi , Zhang Kai-Nan , Guo Hui-dong , Sun Yuqian , Kong Jun , Han Ting-Ting , Chang Ying-Jun , Huang Xiaojun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) enhances acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) by inducing T cell tolerance and altering graft cell composition. Previous studies have shown that the number of mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in G-CSF induced graft was associated with a low incidence of gut aGVHD. However, the effect of G-CSF mobilization on MAIT cell and its role in MAIT-mediated protection against gut GVHD remain unclear. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that the interaction of G-CSF with its receptor CSF3R enhances of immunosuppression and tissue repair functions of MAIT cells, contributing to the anti-gut aGVHD effect. The chemokine receptor CXCR6 was identified as potentially crucial for recruiting these functional MAIT cells to gut tissues. Besides, we simulated the dynamic distribution of MAIT cells from donor G-CSF mobilized PBSCs (G-PBSCs) in recipient mouse, and further confirmed that the circulating MAIT cells migrated into gut tissue in a CXCR6-CXCL16 dependent manner. To further validate these findings, we developed a flow cytometry panel that effectively predicts the gut aGVHD occurrence following allo-HSCT by analyzing the frequency and functional markers of MAIT cells in G-PBSCs. The predictive model shifts aGVHD prediction and intervention to the pre-transplant stage and offers a new strategy for the prevention and management of gut aGVHD in clinical practice.
Molecular dynamics simulation-driven focused virtual screening and experimental validation of Fisetin as an inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori HtrA protease
Authors: Gao Li , Jiang Xianqiong , Duan Hongtao , Shen Yan , Gu Kui , Huang Kuilong , Wang Yuanqiang , Shu Mao , Zhang Rui , Lin Zhihua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori, Hp) is a primary contributor to various stomach diseases, including gastritis and gastric cancer. This bacterium can colonize gastric epithelial cells, compromising their integrity and leading to the development of these conditions. While antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment for H. pylori infections, their widespread use has led to serious issues with drug resistance. High-temperature requirement A (HtrA), an important virulence factor of H. pylori, emerges as a promising target for the design of new inhibitors. In this study, we employed molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation (MDs), and in vitro experimental validation to identify potential active components that specifically target HtrA, effectively combating H. pylori. Based on the results of molecular docking and literature reports, 8 potential natural compounds targeting HtrA were found: Camelliaside B, Rehmanioside A, Hesperidin, Quercetin, Fisetin, Colchicine, Apigenin and Geniposide. MDs further revealed that Fisetin, Geniposide, and Quercetin show promising stability and interactions with HtrA. Importantly, in vitro experiments, including casein hydrolysis assays and antibacterial sensitivity tests, demonstrated that Fisetin observably inhibited the hydrolysis of casein by HtrA and effectively suppressed the growth of H. pylori. Overall, our findings highlight Fisetin as a potential therapeutic drug that targets HtrA, offering new tack for the development of lead compounds and potential drugs against H. pylori infections.
Synthesis of novel 3-[4-(4- O-(β -D-Glucopyranosyl) phenyl)-1, 3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-phenyl-1, 3-thiazolidin-4-one as antioxidant agent
Authors: Awaghade Chanda W. , Author) Meghasham N. Narule (corresponding , Kathale Niren 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The current study's objective was to create a novel antibacterial agent. Numerous unique heterocyclic O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl) derivatives have been developed for investigation based on their pharmacological properties in the search for new medications. Synthesis of 3-[4-(4- O-(β -D-Glucopyranosyl) phenyl)-1, 3-thiazol-2-yl] -2-phenyl-1, 3-thiazolidin-4-one, which were produced through additions between various acetophenone and urea in a glycosylation. In comparison to standard drugs Norfloxacine and Griseofulvin, these compounds exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activities against bacterial cultures, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris, and fungal cultures, include Aspergillus Niger and Candida albicans. IR, 1HNMR, and elemental analysis have all verified the compounds' structures. In order to achieve possible pharmacophoric action, these compounds will therefore undergo additional testing.
Development of a rapid and simple method for isolating apoplastic extracellular vesicles in plants
Authors: Sørensen Kathrine Uhrbrand , Lee Joohee , Kim Tae Hwan , Ryu Moon Young , Kim Mi Jung , Kang Hee Cheol , Yang Woorim , Cho Seok Keun , Yang Seong Wook 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Recently, attention on plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) has increased alongside growing demands for standardizing their extraction methods. In this study, we compared three methods for isolating EVs from plants, including a novel Enzyme method (E method) designed for rapid apoplastic EV extraction. The E method involves macerozyme-mediated apoplastic washing fluid (AWF) collection followed by EV isolation using polymers and size-fractioning membranes. Compared to the freeze-grinding method (F method) and syringe-infiltration-ultracentrifugation method (SI method), the E method yielded more EVs sized between 50–150 nm and showed comparable purity based on marker protein analysis. Additionally, it facilitated higher EV yield and shorter isolation times, making it suitable for both adult leaf and seedling samples. Assessment in mutant backgrounds (patl1, syp61, and pen1) confirmed the method's robustness across different genetic contexts. These findings highlight the E method as an efficient and reliable approach for plant EV isolation and characterization.
Design and Analysis of High Isolation Four Port Mimo Antenna for N77 Band 5g Communication
Authors: manikonda Ramesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a four-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G communication. The reference hexagonal antenna with WI-FI slots are designed on FR-4 substrate. Next, the four reference antenna are arranged orthogonal to each other for reduction of isolation. The overall dimensions of WI-FI slot four port MIMO antenna is 60×60×1.6 mm3 and it implemented on FR-4 substrate with defective ground structure. With an impedance bandwidth of 1 GHz, the suggested MIMO antenna operates in the frequency range of 3.3 to 4.3 GHz. The mutual coupling is less than − 23dB among all ports. Furthermore, the MIMO antennas' channel capacity loss (CCL), diversity gain (DG), and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) are estimated. The parameters are measured using anritsu ms2037c VNA.
Prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors prevent kidney stone formation by suppressing inflammation
Authors: Kawase Kengo , Hamamoto Shuzo , Unno Rei , Taguchi Kazumi , Okada Atsushi , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The early stages of kidney stone formation involve inflammation and hypoxia-induced cell injury; however, the role of the hypoxic response in kidney stone formation remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of a prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitor (roxadustat) on renal calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation through in vitro and in vivo approaches. In the in vitro experiment, murine renal tubular cells (RTCs) were exposed to varying roxadustat concentrations and CaOx crystals. CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystal adhesion was evaluated using fluorescent labels, whereas western blotting was used to examine protein expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze gene expression changes. Macrophage responses were investigated by co-culturing them with RTCs treated with COM. In the in vivo experiment, C57BL/6J mice were injected with roxadustat or saline for 2 days, followed by glyoxylate for 6 days to induce renal crystal deposition. Biochemical measurements recorded plasma erythropoietin, urinary data, and pH levels. Roxadustat suppressed the adhesion of COM crystals to RTCs and the expression of proinflammatory genes, such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (Ccl2) and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1). Roxadustat decreased the expression levels of Ccl2, Tnf, and Il6 in co-cultured macrophages. In the in vivo experiment, the amount of renal CaOx crystal deposits was significantly lower in the roxadustat-treated group than in the vehicle group. Roxadustat treatment decreased Ccl2, osteopontin, and F4/80 expression in the kidneys. Roxadustat reduced kidney inflammation and CaOx crystal deposition, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for kidney stone prevention.
Effect of Partial Substitution of Wheat Flour (Triticum spp) with Vetch Flour (Vicia sativa) on the Technological and Sensory Properties of Bread.
Authors: Buitrón Lucía , Dini Cecilia , Maldonado-Alvarado Pedro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Vicia sativa, commonly known as common vetch, is a leguminous plant primarily grown as a forage crop for livestock. Vetch seeds are not safe for human consumption; however, they contain valuable nutrients, prompting efforts to develop vetch crops with reduced or eliminated antinutrients. Investigating the potential of this crop in food applications may contribute to the development of safe vetch varieties. In this study, the effects of partial substitution of wheat flour (Triticum spp) with vetch flour, up to 25% substitution, were assessed on the rheological, functional, and sensory properties of dough and bread. The water absorption of the dough was reduced by vetch flour, but its rheological properties were not significantly modified at substitutions of up to 10%. With increasing levels of substitution, a decrease in the specific volume of the bread was observed, ranging from 3.30 to 1.79 cm³/g, while maintaining a satisfactory crumb alveolar structure. Sensory tests were conducted to evaluate the acceptability of the bread's appearance and texture. Breads with substitutions of up to 10% had good acceptability. Furthermore, correlations were identified between the rheological properties of the dough and the specific volume of the resulting bread.