bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Provisions for An Easy Intervention in the Future Life of a Structure. The Case of the Post- Byzantine Timber-roofed Basilicas of Troodos Area in Cyprus
Authors: Pelekanos Marios 
Published: July 2019

Background:
This article deals with the timber- roofed basilicas of Troodos which were built from the mid-15th to the late-19th century AD. The most impressive constructional feature of these basilicas is the existence of two constructionally distinctive, but cooperating, parts of the roof. The basilicas’ construction system is mainly characterized by the ability to confront successfully the dynamic loads of an earthquake.

Objective:
This study investigates design provisions that can make easier any future intervention and retrofitting.

Methods
It is suggested that the design concept of these basilicas incorporated, among other objectives, a remarkable provision for an easy repair intervention and retrofitting, at a later stage during their life.
The timber- roofed basilicas of Troodos demonstrate a cleverly designed structure, where the co-operation between the roof and masonry plays an important role in their anti-seismic design.

Results and Conclusion:
The timber-roofed basilicas of Troodos present a remarkable design provision that made intervention an easy task, at any stage of their future life. This particular design concept seems to be valuable even today and can be easily adopted when designing modern contemporary structures with a long-term life objective.
Quality of Life Among Informal Caregivers of Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Mowforth Oliver Daniel , Davies Benjamin Marshall , Kotter Mark Reinhard 
Published: July 2019

Background
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a common, chronic neurological condition that severely affects individuals by causing a range of disabling symptoms, frequently at a time around the peak of their careers. Subsequently, individuals with DCM often become dependent on informal care arrangements. The significant economic contribution of informal care and its burden on care providers are becoming increasingly recognized.

Objective
This study aimed to measure the quality of life of DCM informal caregivers and provide preliminary insight into possible contributing factors.

Methods
Carers of individuals with DCM completed a Web-based survey hosted by Myelopathy.org, an international DCM charity. Carer quality of life was assessed in the form of caregiver happiness and 7 dimensions of carer burden using the Care-Related Quality of Life (CarerQol) instrument. The relationships between patient disease severity, patient pain, and carer quality of life were investigated. Differences in carer quality of life were assessed across patient and carer demographic groups, including between UK and US carers.

Results
DCM caregivers experienced substantial burden as a result of their caregiving (mean CarerQol-7D=64.1; 95% CI 58.8-69.5) and low happiness (mean CarerQol-VAS [Visual Analog Scale]=6.3; 95% CI 5.7-6.9). Burden was high and happiness was low in DCM carers when compared with a large, mixed-disease study of adult informal carers where CarerQol-7D was 79.1 and CarerQol-VAS was 7.1. No significant relationship was found between DCM carer quality of life and patient disease severity and pain scores. DCM carer quality of life appeared uniform across all patient and carer demographic groups.

Conclusions
Caring for individuals with DCM is associated with reduced quality of life in the form of significant burden and reduced happiness. Reductions appear greater in DCM than in other diseases investigated. However, no simple relationship was identified between individual patient or carer factors and carer quality of life.
“Um vivo demônio capaz de sugerir as maiores desordens”: mulheres bem e mal procedidas em pecados no sul da capitania da Bahia
Authors: Da Silva Santos Cristiane Batista 
Published: July 2019

Pagando por suas alforrias, batizando seus filhos, enterrando seus mortos. Além do trabalhado pesado ainda havia espaço para afetividade, vida sexual, desejos e vontades das mulheres que viviam no sul da capitania. E não faltavam acusações de sodomias, feitiçarias, seduções, bigamias. Este texto é fruto de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento que perscruta mulheres africanas no sul da Bahia e desdobra-se em duas partes de suas vidas no período colonial e imperial, tomando-as não só como objetos de pesquisa, mas dando-lhes a condição de serem narradas como protagonistas apoiadas em vastas e inéditas fontes. Este artigo optou por trazê-las no período colonial. Quanto ao período aludido sobressaiu-se nas fontes dois aspectos: as pecadoras denunciadas estavam relacionadas ou às práticas de feitiçaria ou à vida sexual e afetiva destoante do que preconizava as leis cristãs, sobretudo nos Cadernos do Promotor. As fontes utilizadas foram os Cadernos do Promotor, as Correspondências trocadas entre autoridades e uma memória descritiva sobre ser mulher, ser africana e ser escravizada ou forra em diferentes discursos.
Palavras-chave: Africanas, Cadernos do Promotor, Pecados
Clinical advantages of using unflattened 6-MV and 10-MV photon beams generated by the medical accelerator Elekta Versa HD based on their dosimetric parameters in comparison to conventional beams
Authors: Baic Błażej , Kozłowska Beata , Kwiatkowski Robert , Dybek Marcin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Photon beams with wide energy ranges from 4 MV to 25 MV are commonly used in radiotherapy nowadays. In recent years, there has been a strong interest in a certain modification of a radiotherapeutic apparatus by the application of the so-called flattening filter-free (FFF) beam. Several advantages of FFF beams over standard flattening filter (FF) beams are noticed, and this technical solution has aroused great interest among radiotherapeutic facilities. The goal of the present study is to investigate the differences between the conventional FF and unflattened FFF 6-MV and 10-MV photon beams in some basic dosimetric parameters and their influence on the whole radiotherapeutic treatment. The data provided here include the detailed characteristics as follows: percent depth dose (PDD), beam profile, edge of a half-profile, total scatter correction factor (TSCF) and head scatter correction factor (HSCF) for FF and FFF 6-MV and 10-MV photon beams from the Elekta Versa HD accelerator in the Katowice Oncology Center in Poland.
Phylogenetic placement and new data on the morphology and ecology of Calathella eruciformis (Agaricales, Basidiomycota), a cyphelloid fungus new to Poland
Authors: Halama Marek , Pencakowski Bartosz , Fałtynowicz Wiesław , Patejuk Katarzyna , Kowalewska Agnieszka , Fałtynowicz Hanna , Piegdoń Amelia , Staniaszek-Kik Monika , Górski Piotr , Romański Maciej , Krzysztofiak Lech 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCalathella eruciformis, a species hitherto unknown in Poland, is reported from four localities in the north-eastern part of the country. This wood-inhabiting saprotroph was found on dead decorticated but still attached twigs and branches of livingPopulus tremulain an oak-hornbeam forest (Carpinion betuli). Macro- and microcharacters of the recently collected material are presented in detail, together with selected illustrations. Examination of ITS rDNA sequences indicated thatCalathellais not monophyletic and that the type species of the genusC. eruciformisis alien to the heterogeneous genusFlagelloscypha. Furthermore, molecular evidence is provided for a close relationship betweenC. eruciformisand the type species of the genusSphaerobasidioscypha,Sphaerobasidioscypha citrispora.
Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Potential Apoptosis Inducers in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zaric Radica Zivkovic , Pirkovic Marijana Stanojevic , Hamzagic Nedim 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The compound cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) is the most widely used anticancer drug, but due to its serious side effects (including gastrointestinal symptoms, renal tubular injury, neuromuscular complications, and ototoxicity), clinical applications of cisplatin are limited. Therefore, these limitations have provided an encouragement for further research into other transition metal complexes, with an aim to overcome the disadvantages related with cisplatin therapy. In the search for effective complexes that can be targeted against tumor cells, many research groups synthesized various ruthenium(II) complexes with different ligands. Also, newly synthesized ruthenium(II) complexes showed selective anticancer activity against different types of cancer cells. Activity of ruthenium(II) complexes in some cases was even higher than that of cisplatin against the same cells. Precise mechanism of action of ruthenium(II) complexes is not fully understood. The different examples mentioned in this review showed that ruthenium(II) complexes decreased viability of cancer cells by induction of apoptosis and/or by cell cycle arrest which implies their different mechanism of action against different types of cancer cells.
Ordu ilinde bulunan bazı anıt ağaçların genel özellikleri
Authors: ERGEN AKÇİN Öznur , BAYRAK ÖZBUCAK Tuğba , AKÇİN Yaşar 
Published: July 2019

Bu
çalışmada Ordu ili ve çevresinde bulunan ve tabiat varlığı olarak tescil
edilmiş 15 anıt ağaç bulundukları habitatlarda incelenmiş ve özellikleri
hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Anıt ağaçların tür isimleri, familya isimleri,
tahmini yaşları, çapları, boyları, ilk dallanma yüksekliği, lokaliteleri ve
koordinatları hakkında veriler sunulmuştur. İncelenen anıt ağaçların 5 tanesi Platanus
orientalis, 3 tanesi Quercus petraea, 2 tanesi Tilia rubra
subsp. caucasica, 2 tanesi Quercus robur, birer tanesi de Tilia
platyhyllos, Fagus orientalis ve Carpinus betulus
taksonlarına aittir. Anıt ağaçların tahmini yaşları 150- 600 yıl
aralığında değişmektedir. Tilia
platyhyllos incelenen anıt ağaçlar içerisindeki en yaşlı,&nbsp; en uzun boylu ve en geniş çaplı ağaçtır.
As políticas de fronteiras da União Europeia: Espaço Schengen e a Frontex
Authors: Ludwig Fernando Jose 
Published: July 2019

Não resta dúvidas que as fronteiras são primordiais para o entendimento das relações internacionais e, sobretudo no que tange os processos de integração regional, tais com a União Europeia (UE), Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul), União Africana (UA), por exemplo. Mesmo encontrando um certo consenso em tal afirmação, o mesmo não vale para emancipação dos estudos fronteiriços em direção ao centro das Relações Internacionais. Desta feita, a UE é, sob os mais variados aspectos, uma rica fonte de concepções sobre fronteiras. Assim, o presente artigo busca inquirir sobre a dualidade de entendimento das fronteiras internas e externas à partir da percepção europeia. Nomeadamente, assimilar de que forma estas percepções, de certa forma, antagônicas permeiam o processo de integração regional europeu. Para este fim, a inferência ontológica proposta circunda a continuidade ou não do entendimento interno das fronteiras europeias em direção ao seu domínio externo. Argumenta-se que há um ruptura no entendimento crítico (envolvendo a Teoria Crítica) das fronteiras no espaço interno da UE, em contraposição ao entendimento externo, receptivo a erudição tradicional das fronteiras, ou seja, expressa e tacitamente enquanto parte limítrofe de um Estado (ou, neste caso, de uma organização regional). Ainda, para sustentar tal construção, o presente artigo toma como estudos de caso, internamente o Espaço Schengen e, externamente a Frontex.
سياسة الولايات المتحدة الامريكية تجاه بورما 1948-1961
Authors: عليوي الحجامي احمد حاشوش 
Published: July 2019

يعد موضوع "سياسة الولايات الامريكية تجاه بورما 1948-1961" ذات اهمية كبيرة، ولا يخفى على أحد أن دراسة السياسة الامريكية تجاه دول منطقة جنوب شرق أسيا بشكل عام وبورما بشكل خاص من المواضيع المهمة التي تستحق الاهتمام من لدن الباحثين لأنها من الدراسات النادرة التي تجمع بين التوجهات الامريكية والتطورات في بورما.
وقد سارت السياسة الامريكية في خطى أوسع للتقارب مع بورما لاسيما بعد تأسيس جمهورية الصين الشعبية عام 1949 تدفعها نحو ذلك مصالح سياسية واقتصادية واجتماعية، بغية جرها الى جانبها وضمها الى المعسكر الغربي، إلا أن بورما تمسكت بسياسة الحياد وعدم انخراطها في التكتلات الدولية طوال مدة البحث، وعلى الرغم من المصالح المتقاربة بين البلدين إلا أن الوضع لن يستمر طويلاً، إذ اثرت ازمة الكومنتانج بشكل واضح على العلاقة بين الطرفين ودفع حكومة رانغون الى الغاء برنامج المساعدات الامريكية والتوجه نحو المعسكر الشرقي، الامر الذي اثار مخاوف الولايات المتحدة ووضع حد ونهاية لقوات الكومنتانج في بورما عام 1961.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Findings of Breast Lesions in Western Region of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Pragya Gautam , Ghimire Prasanna , Gupta Sharmila 
Published: July 2019

Aim: Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm worldwide. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a minimally invasive, highly sensitive and cost effective investigation for breast lesions. The aim of our study was to evaluate the spectrum of fine needle aspiration cytology findings of breast lesions.
Material and Methods: It was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology during a 2 year period from Jun 2016- May 2018. A total of 284 patients with breast lesions were subjected to ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology.
Result: The age of presentation ranged from 13 years to 81 years with a mean age of 34.9±13.5 years. Most common age group for breast lesions was in 21-30 age groups (39.1%). Fibro adenoma was the most common benign pathology (26.8%) followed by fibrocystic changes (26.4%). Malignancy was noted in 16.2% with majority in the 41-50 age groups. Parasitic infection was noted in 2 cases.
Conclusion: Screening of breast lesions is warranted resulting in significant reduction of morbidity and mortality related to breast cancers. Fine needle cytology plays a pivotal role in the overall management of breast lesions.
Analysis of Intra-Abdominal Pressure in Obstructive and Perforative Lesions of Gastro-Intestinal Tract
Authors: Kidwai Roman , Baral Ravi Kumar , Sharma Anup 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Abdominal Compartment syndrome is an emerging problem in surgical patients with significant mortality reaching up to 100% in untreated patients. Intra abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome is common finding in traumatic and critically ill surgical patients. There are sporadic case reports in literature of intra abdominal hypertension & abdominal compartment syndrome in general surgical patients, particularly in obstructive and perforative diseases of gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This study was done to know the pattern of intraabdominal pressure (IAP) and effect of intra abdominal hypertension (IAH) in obstructive and perforative lesions of gastrointestinal tract.
Materials and Method: A total number of 145 cases were included between November 2016 to October 2017. These patients were from the department of Suregery, Nepalgunj Medical College, who underwent Surgery due to the Intestinal Obstruction or perforation.
Result: There were total 145cases. The incidence of IAH in patients with intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis at presentation was 68.27%. 65 (66.32%) out of 98patients with perforation peritonitis had IAH and 34 (72.34%) with intestinal obstruction among 47 had IAH before surgery. There were 2.12% patients with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in obstruction and 3.06% in perforation; ACS was highest amongst traumatic perforation population accounting for 13.33% of traumatic cases. There was statistically significant derangement (p-value<0.05) of organ function with raised IAP which showed marked improvement following surgery. Four patients died, all these patients had ACS at the time of presentation.
Conclusion: IAH is a significant entity in obstructive and perforative lesions of GIT. ACS can occur in obstructive and perforative lesions of GIT with significant mortality.
Study of Socio-Demographic Profile of Pesticidal Poisoning Cases in Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Bhandari Binus , Saxena Prem , Khadka Dipendra 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The pesticide poisoning is a common medical emergency and leads to increase morbidity and mortality rate in developing countries due to easy accessibility and low cost. The study was conducted to study the socio-demographic profile of poisoning case to understand the possible factors responsible for poisoning episodes.
Method: A hospital based descriptive crosssectionalstudy was carried out in Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, a tertiary care center, conducted for period of six months from October 2017 to March 2018. The socio-demographic profile of all cases of pesticidal poisoning attended in emergency department or admitted in medical ward were collected on a suitably designed pre- structured proforma and analyzed.
Results: Total 164 patients were enrolled in the study. Majority were fallen in the age group of 20-30 years with female 76.80% dominating the male 23.20%. Married couples (74.40%) were found to be more affected and house wife was more vulnerable group 42.10%. Incidence of poisoning was more common in joint family as compare to nuclear family 81.10% versus 18.90%. Organophosphorous was most common pesticides 42.70% and suicide was main manner of poisoning. Quarrel with spouse was main reason in majority 23.80% and most of events were held at evening 69.50%.
Conclusion: Pesticide poisoning was common in developing countries. More emphasis should be given on preventive measures and safety practices among the population for prevention and reduction of the pesticide poisoning.
La reforma del Reglamento del Congreso de los Diputados
Authors: Gutiérrez Vicén Carlos 
Published: July 2019

La reforma del Reglamento del Congreso de los Diputados se ha convertido en una verdadera asignatura pendiente, tal y como puedan ser la reforma del Senado o la modificación del régimen constitucional en cuanto a la sucesión de la Corona o la aprobación del Reglamento de las Cortes Generales que para regir las sesiones conjuntas de ambas Cámaras prevé el artículo 72.2 de la Constitución.
Este artículo pretende contribuir al homenaje que el Nº 100 de la Revista de las Cortes Generales quiere hacer a la Constitución de 1978 en el XL Aniversario de su promulgación. Se trata de exponer la líneas generales en las que se enmarca la reforma del Reglamento del Congreso, destacando el contraste entre el deseo manifestado prácticamente por todos los grupos políticos con representación parlamentaria de llevar a cabo una complete modificación del Reglamento y la falta de éxito en todos los intentos de conseguirlo, analizando las dificultades para lograrlo así como recogiendo las distintas reformas parciales aprobadas hasta la fecha.
El valor del Senado: Funciones patentes y latentes
Authors: López Garrido Diego 
Published: July 2019

El Senado, de forma evidente (patente) tiene atribuidas funciones legislativas, de control y presupuestarias. Pero, además, –de forma no tan visible (latente)– el Senado realiza una imprescindible y eficaz segunda lectura en el proceso legislativo, trabaja en Comisiones y Ponencias sobre asuntos capitales para la convivencia democrática y fortalece el sistema constitucional de partidos, completando el papel del Congreso de los Diputados en la misión agregadora del interés general.
Por esas razones, una hipotética reforma constitucional del Senado no debería abandonar su composición democrática, pero sí ampliar su potestad legislativa, haciendo que sea la Cámara de iniciativa en aquellos proyectos o proposiciones de ley que afecten directamente a competencias atribuidas a Comunidades Autónomas o Municipios.
Las enmiendas en el procedimiento legislativo del Senado
Authors: Dorado Frías Fernando 
Published: July 2019

La regulación de las enmiendas en el procedimiento legislativo en el Senado es una cuestión clave si se tiene en cuenta, por un lado, la posición constitucional de la Cámara en el sistema bicameral español y, por otro, los plazos de dos meses en el procedimiento ordinario o de veinte días en los supuestos de urgencia con que cuenta la Cámara para enmendar los textos legislativos que envía el Congreso de los Diputados.
Los problemas más importantes se producen en el momento de decidir sobre la admisibilidad de las enmiendas atendiendo al cumplimiento de requisitos formales y materiales, de congruencia con el texto legislativo, y también se derivan de la posibilidad de introducir modificaciones en las diversas fases del procedimiento legislativo.
Del Senado al @senadoesp, 40 años de comunicación en la Cámara Alta
Authors: Cancho San José María Cristina 
Published: July 2019

La comunicación en el Senado durante estos últimos 40 años ha tenido como objetivo acercar la Cámara a los ciudadanos, en un principio a través de los medios de comunicación y en la actualidad también a través de las redes sociales con la creación de perfiles en Twitter, Instagram y YouTube.
Durante este camino, el Senado ha abierto sus debates a todos los ciudadanos con la emisión de sus reuniones parlamentarias en la web de la Cámara y ha mantenido en todo momento sus puertas abiertas a los medios de comunicación que en estos 40 años se han multiplicado con la aparición de las televisiones privadas, autonómicas y los diarios digitales. En estos momentos, el Senado cuenta con 2687 periodistas acreditados y aunque se sigue luchando contra el “muro de silencio”, puntualmente todas las miradas se centran en su trabajo parlamentario, como ocurrió con la tramitación del artículo 155 de la Constitución. El departamento de Medios de Comunicación cumplió con su labor: informando, acreditando, organizando a la prensa en la Cámara, facilitando la señal de TV y radio y contando lo que pasaba a través de las redes sociales. No obstante, lleva 40 años trabajando, codo con codo, con los medios de comunicación y ahora también asumiendo el reto de la comunicación directa con los ciudadanos.
Rekomendasi Objek Wisata Provinsi Jawa Barat Dengan Algoritma Branch and Bound
Authors: Retnoningsih Endang , Khasanah Fata Nidaul 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tourists usually visit several places at once in time all the attractions of a visit in different location. One of the problems faced by travelers to reach the goal is the nearest path searching to a number of tourist objects. One of the algorithms used to solve the problem of line search algorithm is the nearest branch and bound. This algorithm describe the node as a point of tourist objects and lines as paths. Nodes and lines are given the values and weights for the calculation, so that from a couple of combinations and possibilities, the smallest obtained value is the closest path value can be reached. The recommendations of this line makes it easy for travelers to obtain tourism information in West Java for visiting different objects.

Keywords: branch and bound algorithms, tourism object, search path, branching & bounding, graf

Abstrak

Wisatawan umumnya mengunjungi beberapa tempat sekaligus dalam waktu sekali kunjungan ke objek wisata yang letak lokasinya berbeda-beda. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi wisatawan untuk mencapai tujuan adalah pencarian jalur terdekat ke sejumlah kunjungan objek wisata. Algoritma yang dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah pencarian jalur terdekat adalah algoritma branch and bound. Algoritma tersebut menggambarkan simpul sebagai titik objek wisata dan garis sebagai jalur. Simpul dan garis diberi nilai dan bobot untuk perhitungan, sehingga dari beberapa kombinasi dan kemungkinan, didapatkan nilai terkecil yang merupakan nilai jalur terdekat yang dapat ditempuh. Rekomendasi jalur ini memudahkan wisatawan memperoleh informasi objek wisata di Jawa Barat untuk mengunjungi beberapa objek wisata yang berbeda-beda.

Kata kunci: algoritma branch and bound, obyek wisata, pencarian jalur, pencabangan dan pembatasan, graf