bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achievement of Thermal Comfort in the Building Through Interaction with External Factors
Authors: Zecevic Nurin , Dzaferovic Ejub , Husika Azrudin , Salihbegovic Amira 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Building envelope has significant role in the building sector. It represents immediate interaction between outside and inside environment. In dependence of its characteristics and opposed requirements, it affects on achievement of the thermal comfort of inside area and closer environment. Existing standards in the building sector dictate air tightness of an envelope, limiting air infiltration with the aim to save energy, but also influence on the inside environmental quality in situation when optimal air quality cannot be achieved due to the insufficient ventilation of the room. Besides that, building envelope in dependence of its characteristics, under the influence of Sun light, can less or better absorb heat flux and cause the temperature rise on the surface of the building. Specific characteristic of material to absorb and retain solar thermal heat, in urban environments, contributes more and more to the presence of the phenomenon known as urban heat island. For interaction of the building envelope with the environment factors, the building of Mechanical Engineering Faculty was chosen as a case study, on which the measurement of the envelope surface temperature was performed with the aim to empirically confirm presence of higher temperatures on building envelope. At the same time, the measurement of indoor air quality parameters, as carbon dioxide concentration, inside air temperature and relative humidity was performed, to estimate ventilation efficiency of inside area. Results of the measurement have shown the presence of relatively high surface temperature on the building envelope, which is the in accordance with the earlier research about the existence of higher surface temperatures in dependence of its characteristics and environment. Measurement of indoor air quality parameters showed higher carbon dioxide concentrations, especially in winter semester, which values exceeded by 60 % of recommended ones. Higher carbon dioxide concentrations are result of insufficient ventilation of the room, and it is indicator that optimal cooling system with frequent ventilation is necessary criteria that needs to be fulfilled to achieve quality inside environment from the aspect of the comfort, productivity and health of users. In the recent years, there has been noticed evident increase of the outside temperature, especially in urban area due to the construction and characteristics of applied materials in buildings, resulting also in the climate change. It is necessary to emphasize that planners and designers in the conceptual stage of construction or renovation of the buildings, incorporate solutions and decisions about the materialization of the envelope, which will affect on the reduction of urban heat island, considering as one of the energy efficiency measures.
Modelling of Capacity and Public Transport Modal Split for New City Centre in Bratislava
Authors: Schlosser Tibor , Schlosser Peter , Hodakova Dominika , Zuzulova Andrea , Capayova Silvia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The article describes the detailed traffic modelling in new city centre, which is actually widely discussed by public and experts. The core of the problem is lying on the municipality, which put on the table a final decision about the change the modal split for public transport development. The north part of new city centre, which is under construction the suburb bus station. The solutions of new tram routes are taken into account. Results of traffic studies show, that how could be this change re-define the current traffic behaviour and create for the new area new functional interest and certainly the new quality of relationships of the territory. The system solution is the new public transport service for this area with which will be created by a capacitive new tramway network. The transport model has the importance of these empirical experiences for practice and final decision making. The city of Bratislava had a very detailed and defined layout of the Master Transport Plan and is a big impact to change on the side of developers. The question is why they have not complied with it and the answer would be found, because exact scenarios can show the disproportion for each details of organization of traffic flows, public transport lines with results of measurable sustainable mobility together with accessibility.
Risk Management Prediction for Overcrowding in Railway Stations Utilising Adaptive Nero Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Alawad Hamad , Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Min An 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this research, an intelligent system for managing risks is developed with a framework to aid in managing the risks in the railway stations. A method to advance risk management in the railway stations is needed in order to minimize risk through an automated process taking into consideration all the factors in the system and how they work together to provide an acceptable level of safety and security. Thus, the Adaptive Nero Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is proposed to improve risk management as an intelligently selected model which is powerful in dealing with uncertainties in risk variables. The methods of artificial neural network (ANN) and Fuzzy interface system (FIS) have been proven as tools for measuring risks in many fields. In this case study, the railway is selected as a place for managing the risks of overcrowding in the railway stations taking two parameters as input for risk value output using a hybrid model, which has the potency to deal with risk uncertainties and to learn by ANN training processes. The results show that the ANFIS method is more promising in the management of station risks. The framework can be applied for other risks in the station and more for a wide range of other systems. Also, ANFIS has the ability to learn from past risk records for future prediction. Clearly, the risk indexes are essential to reflect the actual condition of the station and they can indicate a high level of risks at the early stage, such as with overcrowding. The dynamic model of risk management can define risk levels and aid the decision makers by convenient and reliable results based on recorded data. Finally, the model can be generalised for other risks.
Key Success Factors for the Public Participation Effect of Old City Reconstruction Projects
Authors: Xiao Jingjing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Public participation has become more and more important in the urban redevelopment. However, the implementation effect of the public participation is less than satisfactory. This article aims to recognize and analyse the key factors for the effect of the public participation in urban redevelopment. Government administrators and the public in China were surveyed to gather data to test the index system for the factors identified by literature review and expert interviews in the effect of the public participation in urban redevelopment. The results show that the characteristics of developer have no significant effect on the effect of the public participation, which is different from the abroad situation. The characteristics of government have remarkable significant effect on the effect of the public participation, the characteristics of public come second, the external environment conditions come third.
Numerical Analysis of Settlement of a Structure Situated on a Heterogeneous Loess Subsoil
Authors: Krzysztof Nepelski 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper presents FEM numerical analyses of interaction of structures situated on loess subsoil. Static CPT tests on loesses from Lublin, Poland, was used in the process of defining subsoil variability. The calculations assumed a variant of weak soil under individual foundation footing. It was shown that variable stiffness of loess subsoil causes heterogeneous settlements of the building, which leads to deformations and affects internal forces within the structure.
Evaluation of the Effects of Service Core Reduction on Tall Building Structures
Authors: Fakıoglu Beste , Ozer Ay Bekir 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
One of the primary goals in tall building design is the optimum design of service core where the vertical transportation, building services, HVAC elements etc. are situated. Particularly for supertall (+300) office buildings, a significant portion of the core space is occupied by elevators when compared to the rest of the service core elements. Actually, with the utilization of recently developed elevator technologies, it is possible to decrease the elevator footprint area and thereby to decrease the service core area. Nevertheless, the core of a tall building usually is also a part of the lateral load resisting system, namely as a structural core. This study aims to investigate the effects of service core reduction which is a consequence of the elevator footprint decrease on interior and exterior tall building structures. Generic computer models of outriggered frame and framed-tube buildings with 300m height (75 story) are produced. Then, the service core area of both buildings is decreased considering the effects of recent advances in elevator technology. First, the strength and the stiffness constraints as well as serviceability of primary and reduced core buildings are evaluated in terms of code-based design loads for each outriggered frame and framed-tube structural systems. Then, primary and reduced core buildings of outriggered frame and framed-tube structural systems are compared in terms of the change in top drift to building height ratio, the increase in leasable area and to access to natural light.
Large Scale Monitoring System for Existing Structures and Infrastructures
Authors: Bertagnoli Gabriele , Malavisi Marzia , Mancini Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Most of the key structures of highways and railways systems in Europe and North America has been built after Second World War during the economic boom that took place between the 50s and the 70s of the last century. This heritage of existing infrastructures and building of the “Western World” is nowadays subject to a natural and gradual aging process, induced by the progressive deterioration and the age of the structures, which causes a consequent functional obsolescence. This process develops with continuity and therefore can be controlled over time and can become foreseeable in most cases. Adequate scheduled maintenance can then be applied to keep the safety levels and the performance of the structures aligned with standards requirements. The best way to control ageing and deterioration is the implementation and installation of diagnostic systems for the estimation of constructions safety levels and operating conditions. This monitoring systems are known and used since many decades, but have never been toughly applied as a standard in civil engineering works as it has happened for instance to the automotive field. Traditional monitoring systems of infrastructures require careful assessment of the current state of the artefacts, through detailed and targeted surveys, expensive laboratory instruments and highly skilled labour. This article presents two diagnostic systems based on an innovative, affordable and minimally invasive monitoring, able to provide the user with real-time information on the state of health of the structure. The system is composed of low-cost sensors, capable of monitoring various physical quantities, and connected to each other with different technologies for data transfer and sensor power supply. The recorded data are initially processed directly on board, then sent to the cloud, where they can be further processed or made available for subsequent processing or for a comparison with the expected response calculated using mathematical models of the structure.
Evaluation of internal actions in tunnel lining applying genetic algorithms to monitoring data
Authors: Bertagnoli Gabriele , Marino Francesco 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article presents an algorithm that can be applied to an innovative diagnostic systems for tunnels based on small and low-cost sensors that can be placed inside the tunnel lining and are able to provide the user with real-time information on the state of health of the structure. The aim of the system is measuring the internal actions (axial force, bending moment and shear) and the ovalization of the lining because of the actions exchanged between the ground and the lining itself. The algorithm presented in this paper aims to calculate the forces acting on tunnel lining starting only from the quantities measured by a set of clinometers and pressure sensors placed inside the casting, without any other knowledge of geotechnical or geological parameters. This method can therefore be applied in parallel with other traditional geotechnical investigation tools such as borehole inclinometers and radar interferometry when unexpected actions as landslides are interesting a tunnel.
Reinterpreting Tradition; Hybridization and Vernacular Expression in Emirati Housing
Authors: El Amrousi Mohamed , Elhakeem Mohamed , Caratelli Paolo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractContemporary urbanism and architecture in cities in the United Arab Emirates are becoming more aware of issues such as improving energy consumption and constructing a local identity as mandated in the Abu Dhabi 2030 master plan. Remnants of Emirati heritage is currently being revisited such as themajlis, a space of meeting that was part of local vernacular expression in the UAE, and theliwan, the shaded portico preceding private spaces in the Emirati housing. Themajlisprovided an autonomous space that retained family privacy by providing a male space on the boundaries of the domestic one. These phenomena are being revived in contemporary architecture signalling their socio-cultural needs that cannot be satisfied by western styled villas. This paper studies contemporary Emirati housing typologies in Abu Dhabi and the emerging hybridization of designs that allow for modifications/cultural expression within their walled boundaries. This research highlights also highlights the re-emergence of themajlisand theliwanas a cultural counter space to the rapid sprawl of modernity in the UAE.
Analysis of Load Bearing Capacity of Cement Concrete Airfield Pavement’s Construction in Relation to its’ Changes of Physico-Mechanical Parameters
Authors: Wesolowski Mariusz , Blacha Krzysztof , Iwanowski Pawel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An airfield pavement is a designated and properly prepared surface of an airfield functional element (AFE) fulfilling a specific task as part of air operations. A structural system of an airfield pavement is a set of layers, the task of which is to safely take over and transfer loads coming from moving aircraft onto the subsoil. The safety of air operations conducted by aircraft over airfield pavements most of all depends on the load-bearing capacity of their structures. The basic type of airfield pavements includes rigid pavements (elastic) made of cement concrete. The load-bearing capacity state of cement concrete airfield pavements are strongly impacted by concrete properties (physical, mechanical, rheological and resistance to environmental factors), as well as the condition and type of the subsoil directly under the evaluated pavement structure. Adopting an appropriate computational model for the evaluated structure, correct identification of the layers comprising the airfield pavement, accuracy of determining the technical parameters of materials sampled from the structure and a correct assessment of the load-bearing parameter of the subsoil directly under the assessed structure make the load-bearing end result expressed by a PCN index or the permissible number of air operations to be similar to actual conditions. The article presents the dependencies showing the impact of varying physico-mechanical parameters of concrete on the end results of the pavement load-bearing capacity.
Stability Analysis of Compression Member on Elastic Springs
Authors: Balaz Ivan , Kolekova Yvona , Moroczova Lydia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Part of the large parametric study focused on the stability behaviour of compression single members and the member structures with various loadings and boundary conditions is presented here. This part relates to the stability analysis of the compression member on elastic springs. The span of the member L = nℓ, where ℓ is the length of the field which equals to the distance between the neighbouring elastic springs. The members under investigation have seven various numbers of the fields n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and ∞. The members have uniform bending rigidity EI, uniform normal force N and (n – 1) elastic springs with equal spring stiffness Cw. The results are presented in the form of eight diagrams. The curves of diagrams were replaced by the straight lines to be able derived approximate formulae for calculation of the critical force. It is shown that approximate formulae give the values of the critical forces Fcr.a which differ from diagram values Fcr less than 3.3 %, being slightly on the safe side. The values of the critical forces Fcr obtained from the solution of the stability equation are verified by comparisons with results Fcr.IQ of the computer program IQ 100. Excellent agreement is achieved between Fcr.IQ and Fcr. The presented solution of the compression member on elastic springs may be used also for the calculation of the critical force of the compression member on elastic foundation. The solution given in the paper creates scientific background needed in the design of the semi-through bridge trusses.
Influence of Different Kinds of Paints on Self-Cleaning Process of the Facade Coating
Authors: Malek Marcin , Sudol Ewa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This work summarizes assessing the durability results of facade coatings in the area of their resistance of the self – cleaning effect. To characterize this feature three different types of samples were chosen: silicone paint, photocatalysis effect paint and lotus flower effect paint. Test samples were exposed on natural conditions and artificial weathering process in laboratory at the same time. After this research, durability effect of self – cleaning properties and stain resistance by established criteria were obtained. LM and SEM micrographs, contact angle and profilometry were used widely to measure this factor. In conclusion, all of tested facade coatings based on silicon exhibit the highest effect of self-cleaning.
Towards Large Scale Seismic Risk Assessment in Algeria: Case Study to the City of Blida
Authors: Abarca Andres , Monteiro Ricardo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In recent years, the use of large scale seismic risk assessment has become increasingly popular to evaluate the fragility of a specific region to an earthquake event, through the convolution of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. These studies focus on the vulnerability of the built environment of the region and the evaluation of the human social dimension, which has great importance when determining the ability of a community to attend to a disaster and to eventually resume normal activities. This study, developed within the scope of the EU-funded project ITERATE (Improved Tools for Disaster Risk Mitigation in Algeria), focuses on the development of a web-based framework for integrated seismic risk assessment in Northern Algeria, primarily focused on the city of Blida, chosen as first case-study. For this purpose, alliances with local institutions, web-based data mining techniques and specifically developed research were used to obtain: an updated seismic hazard model, and exposure and vulnerability models for local buildings and bridges, which are proposed and implemented in a web-based platform which allows the calculation of the seismic risk at a municipal level in terms of probabilistic losses. Furthermore, a social vulnerability assessment is implemented at the same level and combined with the physical vulnerability to enable the identification of the regions that are more vulnerable to earthquakes. Such framework will, in turn, empower Algerian stakeholders to perform the evaluation of earthquake scenarios at a regional scale and provide valuable information to decision makers for the implementation of risk mitigation measures in vulnerable areas.
Selected Aspects of Multi-Criteria Analyses Supporting Assessment of Construction and Material Solutions in Buildings and Building Structures
Authors: Szafranko Elzbieta 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Decisions concerning planned buildings and building structures are made as early as the stage of planning development investments. Different variants of construction solutions and materials are evaluated, which entails reviewing numerous physical, chemical or maintenance factors. The more factors are involved, the more difficult it is to make a decision. While analysing alternative solutions, the decision-making process can be supported with a variety of methods. A possible approach is to employ a multi-criteria decision analysis method. Such methods will differ from one another in the way data are processed for analyses, in the methodology of analyses and in the form of an output. Moreover, every method may be burdened with errors. This article presents various problems connected with an analysis of data accomplished according to the MCE, AHP and Indicator Method, and arising during the interpretation of results.
Device for Determining the Adhesion Coefficient at the Slippage Point
Authors: Hrabovsky Leopold , Kulka Jozef , Michalik Peter 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For the building of the new structures, as well as for the repairs or the reconstruction works on existing buildings, the building industry uses a wide variety of handling equipment. Industrial high-rise construction, but also low-rise family homes uses a broad range of standardized lifting means that enable handling of the construction elements. Of these, tower cranes and mast cranes, both stationary and mobile, are among the most widely used types of handling equipment. A change in the position of the crane jib is made by either raising or lowering the crane boom meaning an angular motion of the jib in a vertical plane, or by a central motion of the traveling trolley, to pick up the load, along with the boom or crane bracket. Mobile tower, or potentially mast cranes, move these using crane wheels moving along the crane track. Travelling crane trolleys move along the crane boom using traction cables or motor units that apply the necessary traction force to the perimeter of the given number of the crane wheels.
Ore Mining of Kutnohorsko and its Economic Importance for Construction and Development
Authors: Duraj Miloš , Niemiec Dominik , Sombathy Erik , Marschalko Marian , Yilmaz Isik , Matuszková Barbara , Arencibia Montero Orlando , Yang Shuran 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstrakt. Kutná Hora became one of the most important cities in the Middle Ages thanks to its rich deposits of silver ores. The city still contains its rich mining past in its name today. The importance of this deposit led to the city developing very intensively, especially thanks to King Václav II. This sovereign contributed to the creation of a major mining law Ius regale montanorum and also moved the central mint to this city. New coins - Prague groschen - were minted there. The profits from silver mining and coinage have been significantly reflected in the still admired and valuable architecture of this mining town. The beauty of these preserved monuments greatly exceeds national significance and the town also offers original examples of mining works, which belongs to a sought after tourist destinations. Therefore, some of these monuments were inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1995.