bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel GLP‐1/GIP/Gcg triagonist reduces cognitive deficits and pathology in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Li Tian , Jiao Juan‐Juan , Hölscher Christian , Wu Mei‐Na , Zhang Jun , Tong Jia‐Qing , Dong Xue‐Fan , Qu Xue‐Song , Cao Yue , Cai Hong‐Yan , Su Qiang , Qi Jin‐Shun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been identified to be effective in T2DM treatment and neuroprotection. In this study, we further explored the effects of a novel unimolecular GLP‐1/GIP/Gcg triagonist on the cognitive behavior and cerebral pathology in the 7‐month‐old triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg‐AD), and investigated its possible electrophysiological and molecular mechanisms. After chronic administration of the GLP‐1/GIP/Gcg triagonist (10 nmol/kg bodyweight, once daily, i.p.) for 30 days, open field, Y maze and Morris water maze tests were performed, followed by in vivo electrophysiological recording, immunofluorescence and Western blotting experiments. We found that the chronic treatment with the triagonist could improve long‐term spatial memory of 3xTg‐AD mice in Morris water maze, as well as the working memory in Y maze task. The triagonist also alleviated the suppression of long‐term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of hippocampus. In addition, the triagonist significantly reduced hippocampal pathological damages, including amyloid‐β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau aggregates, and upregulated the expression levels of S133p‐CREB, T286p‐CAMKII and S9p‐GSK3β in the hippocampus of the 3xTg‐AD mice. These results demonstrate for the first time that the novel GLP‐1/GIP/Gcg triagonist is efficacious in ameliorating cognitive deficits and pathological damages of 3xTg‐AD mice, suggesting that the triagonist might be potentially beneficial in the treatment of AD.
Administrative reform and pay‐for‐performance methods of primary health service delivery: A comparison of 3 health districts in Cambodia, 2006‐2012
Authors: Khim Keovathanak , Jayasuriya Rohan , Annear Peter Leslie 
Published: February 2018

SummarySince 1999, performance‐based financing or pay‐for‐performance (P4P) methods have been piloted in the Cambodian public health sector, first as one part of external contracting approaches with international nongovernment organizations and from 2009 as a part of internal contracting arrangements between units within the Ministry of Health under a wider public sector administrative reform. This study analyses these reforms and compares outcomes in 3 health districts. The study analysed routine quantitative data for primary care service delivery by using the interrupted time series method. Qualitative data were collected from key informant interviews. Both the level and the trend line of key service delivery indicators during earlier contracting/P4P models were at least maintained and in most cases increased with the move to internal contracting. The results of the interrupted time series analysis were mixed, mainly due to contextual issues. Qualitative results indicated an increased sense of local ownership and financial sustainability. Despite the gains, the management of personnel and the implementation and the integrity of contract monitoring were found to be compromised in this case. To be fully effective, contracting and P4P approaches must be accompanied by changes in the structure and culture of government administration.
Disease Duration and Stage Influence Bone Microstructure in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Schmidt Tobias , Schmidt Constantin , Schmidt Felix N , Butscheidt Sebastian , Mussawy Haider , Hubert Jan , Hawellek Thelonius , Oehler Nicola , Barvencik Florian , Lohse Ansgar W , Schinke Thorsten , Schramm Christoph , Amling Michael , Rolvien Tim 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is known to be a major risk factor for osteoporosis reflected by a reduction of bone mineral density (BMD). However, both the extent of the macro- and microstructural alterations of bone as well as the causative factors are unknown. We have retrospectively analyzed a total of 96 patients with PBC and 53 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index. In addition to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements at the lumbar spine and hip, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) was used to assess the geometric, volumetric, and microstructural changes of bone at the distal radius and tibia. Furthermore, serum analyses and measures of disease duration and stage including transient elastography were performed. Total, cortical, and trabecular volumetric BMD as well as geometric parameters were significantly reduced in PBC patients. Microstructural analysis revealed a significantly lower cortical thickness (p &lt; 0.001) and bone volume per tissue volume (p &lt; 0.001) in the radius and tibia but unchanged trabecular number in patients with PBC (radius: p = 0.42; tibia: p = 0.12). Multivariate regression models pointed out that disease duration and stage are the primary factors that are independently associated with bone loss in PBC. A subgroup analysis of patients with additional autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) revealed no significant changes in bone structure compared with PBC only. Taken together, PBC patients demonstrate severe alterations in bone microstructure that are positively associated with disease duration and stage. By applying HR-pQCT in the distal radius and tibia, a combined bone loss syndrome expressed by a predominant decrease in BMD and cortical thickness could be detected. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
HEPATOFLUO: A prospective monocentric study assessing the benefits of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence for hepatic surgery
Authors: Peyrat Patrice , Blanc Ellen , Guillermet Stéphanie , Chen Yao , Ferlay Céline , Perol David , Basso Valéria , Rivoire Michel , Dupré Aurélien 
Published: February 2018

Background and ObjectivesFluorescence imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) is undergoing extensive development. This study aimed to assess the merits of ICG in regard to hepatic surgery.MethodsPatients with liver lesions that required a resection were eligible. They received an injection of ICG the day before the surgery. Step 1 allowed assessment of use of the medical device under surgical conditions. Steps 2 and 3 assessed the capacity of the MD to detect known tumorous lesions and to spot a predefined area of the liver following injection of ICG into the portal vein (ICGp).ResultsThe 1st step allowed for validation of the MD use with three patients. Between 04‐2013 and 04‐2015, 45 pts were included (40 eligible) in steps 2 and 3. All of the tumorous lesions (95/119) exhibited fluorescence. Four new metastasis were detected in 3 pts, and two missing metastases in 1 pt. False positive were 22%. The maximal depth for detection by fluorescence was 13 mm. Injection of ICGp allowed the corresponding anatomical area to be identified in 16/20 patients.ConclusionThis study confirmed that intraoperative fluorescence is a helpful and relevant tool for the liver surgeon (NCT 01738217).
Density of American black bears in New Mexico
Authors: Gould Matthew J. , Cain James W. , Roemer Gary W. , Gould William R. , Liley Stewart G. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTConsidering advances in noninvasive genetic sampling and spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) models, the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish sought to update their density estimates for American black bear (Ursus americanus) populations in New Mexico, USA, to aide in setting sustainable harvest limits. We estimated black bear density in the Sangre de Cristo, Sandia, and Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, 2012–2014. We collected hair samples from black bears using hair traps and bear rubs and used a sex marker and a suite of microsatellite loci to individually genotype hair samples. We then estimated density in a SECR framework using sex, elevation, land cover type, and time to model heterogeneity in detection probability and the spatial scale over which detection probability declines. We sampled the populations using 554 hair traps and 117 bear rubs and collected 4,083 hair samples. We identified 725 (367 male, 358 female) individuals. Our density estimates varied from 16.5 bears/100 km2(95% CI = 11.6–23.5) in the southern Sacramento Mountains to 25.7 bears/100 km2(95% CI = 13.2–50.1) in the Sandia Mountains. Overall, detection probability at the activity center (g0) was low across all study areas and ranged from 0.00001 to 0.02. The low values of g0 were primarily a result of half of all hair samples for which genotypes were attempted failing to produce a complete genotype. We speculate that the low success we had genotyping hair samples was due to exceedingly high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that degraded the DNA in the hair. Despite sampling difficulties, we were able to produce density estimates with levels of precision comparable to those estimated for black bears elsewhere in the United States. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Event‐triggered and guaranteed cost finite‐time H∞ control for uncertain switched linear systems
Authors: Qi Yiwen , Liu Yanhui , Bao Wen , Li Xianling , Cui Jianguo , Zhu Linlin 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the event‐triggered and guaranteed cost finite‐time H∞ control problem for uncertain switched linear systems with exogenous disturbance. Instead of one common strategy, multiple event‐triggering strategies are first proposed, ie, each subsystem possesses its own corresponding event‐triggering substrategy. Then, by utilizing the multiple Lyapunov functions and average dwell‐time method, sufficient conditions for the finite‐time boundedness with an H∞ performance level of the resulting event‐triggered switched closed‐loop system are derived. Meanwhile, a certain upper bound of the guaranteed cost function with respect to the system uncertainties is obtained. Subsequently, a set of sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities is given for solving the event‐triggered and guaranteed cost finite‐time H∞ state feedback controllers. Furthermore, the Zeno sampling behavior is excluded by presenting a positive lower bound estimation on the interexecution intervals. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Can the theory of planned behavior help explain attendance to follow‐up care of childhood cancer survivors?
Authors: Baenziger Julia , Roser Katharina , Mader Luzius , Christen Salome , Kuehni Claudia E. , Gumy‐Pause Fabienne , Tinner Eva Maria , Michel Gisela 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveChildhood cancer survivors are at high risk for late effects. Regular attendance to long‐term follow‐up care is recommended and helps monitoring survivors' health. Using the theory of planned behavior, we aimed to (1) investigate the predictors of the intention to attend follow‐up care, and (2) examine the associations between perceived control and behavioral intention with actual follow‐up care attendance in Swiss childhood cancer survivors.MethodsWe conducted a questionnaire survey in Swiss childhood cancer survivors (diagnosed with cancer aged <16 years between 1990 and 2005; ≥5 years since diagnosis). We assessed theory of planned behavior‐related predictors (attitude, subjective norm, perceived control), intention to attend follow‐up care, and actual attendance. We applied structural equation modeling to investigate predictors of intention, and logistic regression models to study the association between intention and actual attendance.ResultsOf 299 responders (166 [55.5%] females), 145 (48.5%) reported attending follow‐up care. We found that subjective norm, ie, survivors' perceived social pressure and support (coef = 0.90, P < 0.001), predicted the intention to attend follow‐up; attitude and perceived control did not. Perceived control (OR = 1.58, 95%CI:1.04–2.41) and intention to attend follow‐up (OR = 6.43, 95%CI:4.21‐9.81) were positively associated with attendance.ConclusionsTo increase attendance, an effort should be made to sensitize partners, friends, parents, and health care professionals on their important role in supporting survivors regarding follow‐up care. Additionally, interventions promoting personal control over the follow‐up attendance might further increase regular attendance.
Bioactive compounds from the African medicinal plant Cleistochlamys kirkii as resistance modifiers in bacteria
Authors: Kincses Annamária , Varga Borisz , Csonka Ákos , Sancha Shirley , Mulhovo Silva , Madureira Ana Margarida , Ferreira Maria‐José U. , Spengler Gabriella 
Published: February 2018

Cleistochlamys kirkii (Benth) Oliv. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Mozambique to treat infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to find resistance modifiers in C. kirkii for Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative model bacterial strains. One of the most important resistance mechanisms in bacteria is the efflux pump‐related multidrug resistance. Therefore, polycarpol (1), three C‐benzylated flavanones (2–4), and acetylmelodorinol (5) were evaluated for their multidrug resistance‐reverting activity on methicillin‐susceptible and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli AG100 and AG100 A strains overexpressing and lacking the AcrAB–TolC efflux pump system. The combined effects of antibiotics and compounds (2 and 4) were also assessed by using the checkerboard microdilution method in both S. aureus strains. The relative gene expression of the efflux pump genes was determined by real‐time reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The inhibition of quorum sensing was also investigated. The combined effect of the antibiotics and compound 2 or 4 on the methicillin‐sensitive S. aureus resulted in synergism. The most active compounds 2 and 4 increased the expression of the efflux pump genes. These results suggested that C. kirkii constituents could be effective adjuvants in the antibiotic treatment of infections.
Suzuki and Heck Processes for the Synthesis of New Anthraquinone‐Based Glycoconjugated Dyes
Authors: Calugi Lorenzo , Bonanni Marco , Corsi Massimo , Chimichi Stefano , Bianchini Roberto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractStarting from a bromo‐anthraquinone dye, different aryl‐ and styril‐ derivates are obtained following Suzuki and Heck procedures. Bathochromic shifts are displayed for the products, if compared to the starting anthraquinone dye. Two of these dyes, coming from either the Suzuki and the Heck processes, have been glycosylated with a piperazinyl‐lactose derivative, so that two naturalized species are finally obtained. Therefore, the disperse chromophores were transformed in water soluble direct species. These kinds of dyes allow to avoid azo‐ structures, that are object of growing criticism in the European Union due to their environmental impact.
Three Graphic Nonfiction Series That Excite and Educate
Authors: Kersten‐Parrish Sara , Dallacqua Ashley K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractChildren's literature plays an essential role in the literacy development of children. This department column focuses on the teaching and use of children's literature and provides educators with information about a wide range of books across multiple genres that are representative of the diverse world in which we live. A strong emphasis is placed on the importance of having diverse library collections that take into account numerous factors, such as race, class, disability, and religion. This column also offers innovative approaches for bringing children and books together, as well as content analyses and rich descriptions of titles that share common features (e.g., endpapers, the blending of poetry and nonfiction).
Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Restrictive Perioperative Fluid Management in Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Chen Brian P. , Chen Marian , Bennett Sean , Lemon Kristina , Bertens Kimberly A. , Balaa Fady K. , Martel Guillaume 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is significant interest and controversy surrounding the effect of restrictive fluid management on outcomes in major gastrointestinal surgery. This has been most studied in colorectal surgery, although the literature relating to pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) patients is growing. The aim of this paper was to generate a comprehensive review of the available evidence for restrictive perioperative fluid management strategies and outcomes in PD.MethodsMEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to April 2017. A review protocol was utilized and registered with PROSPERO. Primary citations that evaluated perioperative fluid management in PD, including those as part of a clinical pathway, were considered. The primary outcome was postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Secondary outcomes included delayed gastric emptying (DGE), complication rate, length of stay (LOS), mortality, and readmission.ResultsA total of six studies involving 846 patients were included (2009–2015), of which four were RCTs. Pooled analysis of RCTs and high‐quality observational studies found no effect of restrictive intraoperative fluid management on POPF, DGE, complication rate, LOS, mortality, and readmission. Only one study assessed postoperative fluid management exclusively and found prolonged LOS in patients in the restricted fluid group.ConclusionBased on results of RCTs and high‐quality observational studies, intraoperative fluid restriction in PD has not been shown to significantly affect postoperative outcomes. There are too few studies assessing postoperative fluid management to draw conclusions at this time.
A SEPSECS mutation in a 23‐year‐old woman with microcephaly and progressive cerebellar ataxia
Authors: van Dijk Tessa , Vermeij Jan‐Dirk , van Koningsbruggen Silvana , Lakeman Phillis , Baas Frank , Poll‐The Bwee Tien 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMutations in the SEPSECS gene are associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2D. Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a heterogeneous group of rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders, mainly affecting pons and cerebellum. Patients have severe motor and cognitive impairments and often die during infancy. Here, we report a 23‐year‐old woman with slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia and cognitive impairment, in whom a homozygous missense mutation in the SEPSECS gene (c.1321G>A; p.Gly441Arg) was identified with whole exome sequencing. Our findings underline that defects in selenoprotein synthesis can also result in milder cerebellar atrophy presenting at a later age.
Effects of two doses of anti-T lymphocyte globulin-Fresenius given after full-match sibling stem cell transplantation in acute myeloblastic leukemia patients who underwent myeloablative fludarabine/busulfan conditioning
Authors: Boga Can , Yeral Mahmut , Gereklioglu Ciğdem , Asma Suheyl , Maytalman Erkan , Aytan Pelin , Kozanoglu Ilknur , Sariturk Cagla , Ozdogu Hakan 
Published: February 2018

Objective/background:
Anti-T lymphocyte globulin Fresenius (rATG-F; ATG-Fresenius) and antithymocyte globulin (thymoglobulin), which are included in transplant protocols, are used to reduce the risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) or suppress allograft rejection. Available clinical studies have been conducted in heterogenous patient populations and with different administration protocols including stem cell sources. Additionally, the pharmacokinetics of ATG is variable, and the clinically effective dose of rATG-F, in particular, is not exactly known. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who underwent hemopoietic peripheral stem cell transplantation from full-matched sibling donors and given two different doses of r-ATG-F.

Methods:
This was a single-center, retrospective chart review conducted between July 2005 and July 2016. Sixty-nine consecutive AML patients who underwent transplant with fludarabine- and busulfan-based conditioning were included in the study. Patients in Group 1 received 15mg/kg body weight rATG-F to 2013 (n = 46), and Group 2 received 30 mg/kg of rATG-F dose begining in 2013 to reduce to cGVHD (n = 23). Cyclosporine and methotrexate were used to treat acute GVHD (aGVHD) prophylaxis. Outcome parameters were compared between the groups.

Results:
Although the recommended dose r-ATG-F had led to a decrease in the cumulative incidence of cGVHD (27 [58.7%] vs. 8 [34.8%]; p = .03), it also increased the infection rate at 1 year (3 [6.5%] vs. 4 [17.4%]; p = .02). The two groups were similar in terms of engraftment time, aGVHD, relapse, nonrelapse mortality, and rATG-F-related toxicity. A Cox regression model revealed that aGVHD III–IV was associated with increased nonrelapse mortality at 1 year (hazard ratio = 18.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.667–199.255; p = <.02). No patients developed rATG-F-related severe adverse events (Common Terminology Criteria grade 4 or 5).

Conclusion:
Dose difference of rATG-F did not influence survival parameters; however, increasing the dose to 30 mg/kg seems to be effective for reducing cGVHD with an increase in infection rate requiring close monitoring of infections in AML patients who received myeloab-lative fludarabine/busulfan conditioning.
NEP (Children@School): An Instrument for Measuring Environmental Attitudes in Middle Childhood
Authors: Izadpanahi Parisa , Tucker Richard 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhile there are many environmental education programs for children, few studies have used an appropriately developed scale for evaluating how such education might have on impact on children's environmental orientations. The research presented in this article adapted the NEP (New Ecological Paradigm) for Children scale to develop a new instrument for measuring children's environmental attitudes: the NEP (Children@School). The NEP (Children@School) has been developed by analysing the impact of the design of physical learning spaces on children's environmental attitudes. Factor analysis indicated that NEP (Children@School) has three dimensions: Children's Environmental Attitudes towards Human Intervention, Children's Environmental Attitudes via ESD at School, and Children's Environmental Attitudes towards Eco-Rights. We argue that NEP (Children@School) can meaningfully measure the impact of learning spaces on children's environmental attitudes. While the instrument was developed for use in Australia, it has been designed for global applicability.