bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Meaning of Settler Realism: (De)Mystifying Frontiers in the Postcolonial Historical Novel
Authors: Dalley Hamish 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDominant theorizations of settler colonialism identify it as a social form characterized by a problem with historical narration: because the existence of settler communities depends on the dispossession of indigenous peoples, settlers find themselves trapped by the need both to confront and to disavow these origins. How might this problem affect the aesthetics of the realist novel? This article argues that the historical novels produced in places like Australia and New Zealand constitute a distinctive variant of literary realism inflected by the ideological tensions of settler colonialism. Approaching the novel from the perspective of settler colonialism offers new ways to consider classic theories of realism and, in particular, reframes Georg Lukács's concept of reification—and the critical distinction between realism and naturalism he derived from it—as an unexpectedly useful tool for analyzing postcolonial literatures. Doing so, however, requires us to jettison Lukács's progressive historicism in favor of a model of literary history shaped by uneven temporalities and a fundamental disjunction between the historical perspectives of settler and nonsettler communities—thus complicating our narratives of the development of the novel genre. This argument is illustrated through an extended analysis of two of the most significant young novelists to engage recently with issues of settler colonial history: Eleanor Catton of New Zealand and Rohan Wilson of Australia.
An Art of Transformation
Authors: Huang Ellen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article examines the phenomenon of yaobian 窯變, or kiln transformations, in late imperial and early modern China as material epistemology and material practice. By providing a genealogical analysis of documentations of yaobian in late imperial texts spanning the twelfth through the nineteenth centuries, the article relates their supernatural connotations to the production of Qing-period Jingdezhen Jun-style wares, variously known as flambé wares or kiln transmutation glazes. The article advances that the significance of such eighteenth-century yaobian porcelain wares lies in their very inexplicability of craftsmanship and ability to index both physical transformation as well as infinite formal transformation for the Qing empire, particularly during the reign of the Qianlong emperor (1736–1795).
Race, Photography, Labor, and Entrepreneurship in the Life of Maurice Hunter, Harlem’s “Man of 1,000 Faces”
Authors: Corbould Clare 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn 1925, African American newspapers began reporting on Maurice Hunter’s work as a model for prominent visual and commercial artists, illustrators, and art students. By the 1950s, Hunter’s image had appeared on millions of advertising billboards, in all the major magazines, and in murals and statues in banks, parks, and department stores from Wall Street to Rochester to Cincinnati. Because no agency would represent a black model, Hunter was forced to raise his own public profile and create work opportunities. He did so by emphasizing his authenticity as a performer of nonwhite roles and at the same time his versatility as someone who could model for any role, including female and/or white. As well as permitting Hunter some degree of creative control over his work, his approach garnered him considerable esteem among elite African Americans. They also admired Hunter’s effort to control use of his image whenever photographed. This article examines Hunter’s labor, including his own effort to record it through scrapbooks he donated to the New York Public Library.
Low-Frequency HIIT Improves Body Composition and Aerobic Capacity in Overweight Men
Authors: CHIN EDWIN C. , YU ANGUS P. , LAI CHRISTOPHER W. , FONG DANIEL Y. , CHAN DERWIN K. , WONG STEPHEN H. , SUN FENGHUA , NGAI HEIDI H. , YUNG PATRICK S. H. , SIU PARCO M. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
The relationship between the frequency of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and the resultant adaptations is largely unclear.

Purpose
This study compared the effects of different frequencies of HIIT with those of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on body composition in overweight or obese adults.

Methods
Fifty-six overweight or obese (body mass index = 26.4 ± 2.9) men between 18 and 30 yr old (age = 22.8 ± 3.1 yr) were randomly assigned to the following groups: no-intervention control (CON; n = 14), MICT performed thrice weekly (MICT×3/wk; n = 9), HIIT performed thrice weekly (HIIT×3/wk; n = 14), HIIT performed twice weekly (HIIT×2/wk; n = 10), and HIIT performed once weekly (HIIT×1/wk; n = 9). Each HIIT session consisted of 12 × 1-min bouts at 90% heart rate reserve, interspersed with 11 × 1-min bouts at 70% heart rate reserve. Aerobic capacity, body composition, resting heart rate, vascular function, insulin resistance, and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome risk factor were examined at baseline, after 4 wk, and after 8 wk of intervention.

Results
Aerobic capacity and percent fat-free mass significantly increased in all exercise groups compared with those in the CON group (CON vs all exercise groups, P < 0.05), whereas body fat mass and systolic blood pressure significantly decreased after 8 wk of intervention in all exercise groups compared with those in the CON group (CON vs all exercise groups, P < 0.05). Body fat mass significantly decreased after 4 wk in all HIIT groups compared with those in the CON group (CON vs all HIIT groups, P < 0.05) but not in the MICT×3/wk group.

Conclusion
These novel results demonstrated that performing HIIT once weekly, even with a lower weekly volume of exercise, improved cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and blood pressure in overweight/obese adults. Low-frequency HIIT might be a feasible and effective strategy for the prescription of an initial exercise program for inactive, overweight, or obese young men.
Acute Soy Supplementation Improves 20-km Time Trial Performance, Power, and Speed
Authors: SEELEY AFTON D. , JACOBS KEVIN A. , SIGNORILE JOSEPH F. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Isoflavones, a chemical class of phytoestrogens found in soybeans and soy products, may have biological functions similar to estradiol. After binding with ERβ or perhaps independently of estrogen receptors, isoflavones may augment vascular endothelial relaxation, contributing to improved limb blood flow.

Purpose
To determine if acute fermented soy extract supplementation influences 20-km time trial cycling performance and cardiac hemodynamics compared with a placebo.

Methods
Subjects included 25 cyclists and triathletes (31 ± 8 yr, V˙O2peak: 55.1 ± 8.4 mL·kg−1·min−1). Each subject completed a V˙O2peak assessment, familiarization, and two 20-km time trials in randomized order after ingestion of a fermented soy extract supplement or placebo. The fermented soy extract consisted of 30 g powdered supplement in 16 fl. ounces of water. The placebo contained the same quantities of organic cocoa powder and water. Each trial consisted of 60 min of rest, 30 min at 55% W
peak, and a self-paced 20-km time trial.

Results
Soy supplementation elicited a faster time to 20-km completion (−0.22 ± 0.51 min; −13 s), lower average HR (−5 ± 7 bpm), and significantly greater power (7 ± 3 W) and speed (0.42 ± 0.16 km·h−1) during the last 5 km of the time trial compared with placebo. Analysis of the results by relative fitness level (<57 vs ≥ 57 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1) indicated that those with a higher level of fitness reaped the largest performance improvement alongside a reduced HR (−5 ± 7 bpm).

Conclusions
Ingestion of a fermented soy extract supplement improved sprint-distance performance through improvements in both power and speed. For those with great aerobic fitness, soy supplementation may help to decrease cardiac demand alongside performance improvement.
Clinical experiences of using ports and non-coring needles
Authors: Meade Elizabeth , Munoz-Mozas Gema , Moodley Nicole , Williams Jacqui 
Published: July 2019

The following case studies describe the use of the Smith Medical implanted ports and Gripper huber needles. Smiths Medical produces a range of implanted ports that include the Port-A-Cath and P.A.S. Port Power P.A.C. systems. The ports are easy to implant, maintain and remove. They are lightweight and have features that are designed to reduce complication rates, including a highly compressed septum to increase needle retention, a titanium chamber with a gouge-resistant floor, a bevelled chamber for optimal rinsing, a round shape to avoid overturning and the Ultralock connection. They are available in various configurations, with single and dual lumens. There is also a needle for power-injection of contrast media for certain types of diagnostic imaging scans (Smith Medical 18). The Gripper Plus needle is designed with an emphasis on safety, effectiveness and patient comfort. These non-coring needles have a bevelled tip that sits flush with the back of the port without impeding the flow of fluid; this also prevents holes forming in the septum ( Barton et al, 2018 ). The needle is available in different gauges and lengths, which can be tailored to reflect individual patient needs and the amount of adipose tissue present. It is essential to select the correct size, which will reduce the risk of dislodgement. The Gripper needles are compatible with paclitaxel and lipid solutions, and are recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (1999) . They are compatible with both the Port-a-Cath and P.A.S. Port Power P.A.C. systems, and can be ordered from the same manufacturer, which has the potential to make ordering, training and support more efficient.
Translating the Patient Dignity Inventory
Authors: Blomberg Karin , Lindqvist Olav , Harstäde Carina Werkander , Söderman Annika , Östlund Ulrika 
Published: July 2019

Background: The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) is based on an empirically-driven dignity model that has been developed and used for clinically assessing the various sources of dignity-related distress. In a recent review, it received the highest score as a useful instrument in both practice and research in palliative care. The PDI has been adapted to and validated for use in various countries, but not yet Sweden. Aims: To translate the PDI into Swedish, including cultural adaptation for clinical use. Methods: A multi-step process of translation, negotiated consensus, expert group discussion (n=7: four invited experts and three researchers) and cognitive interviewing (n=7: persons with palliative care needs). Findings: Discussion, by the expert reviewers, of both linguistic and cultural issues regarding the content and readability of the translated Swedish version resulted in revisions of items and response alternatives, focusing mainly on semantic, conceptual, and experiential equivalence. A pilot version for cognitive interviews was produced. The analysis of data showed that most of the items were judged to be relevant by the persons with palliative care needs. Conclusion: The process of translation and adaptation added clarity and consistency. The Swedish version of the PDI can be used in assessing dignity-related distress. The next step will be to test this Swedish version for psychometric properties in a larger group of patients with palliative care needs before use in research.
Single-dose pharmacokinetics of meropenem in porcine cancellous bone determined by microdialysis
Authors: Hanberg Pelle , Lund Andrea , Søballe Kjeld , Bue Mats 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesMeropenem may be an important drug in the treatment of open tibial fractures and chronic osteomyelitis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe meropenem pharmacokinetics in plasma, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCT), and cancellous bone using microdialysis in a porcine model.MethodsSix female pigs were assigned to receive 1000 mg of meropenem intravenously over five minutes. Measurements of meropenem were obtained from plasma, SCT, and cancellous bone for eight hours thereafter. Microdialysis was applied for sampling in solid tissues. The meropenem concentrations were determined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsThe penetration of meropenem into cancellous bone, expressed as the ratio of plasma to cancellous bone area under the concentration-curve from zero to the last measured value, was incomplete and delayed. The time with concentration above the minimal inhibitory concentration (T>MIC), for an MIC of 0.5 μg/ml, was shorter for cancellous bone in comparison with both plasma and SCT. For MICs above 0.5 μg/ml, T>MICin cancellous bone was only shorter than SCT. Considering an MIC of 4 μg/ml, no animals achieved the target of 40% T>MICin plasma and cancellous bone, while less than 20% achieved it in SCT.ConclusionThe main finding of this study was short T>MICin cancellous bone after intravenous administration of 1000 mg meropenem. Consequently, in order to achieve sufficient tissue concentration in the cases of open tibial fractures and chronic osteomyelitis, supplemental application of meropenem may be necessary. Cite this article: P. Hanberg, A. Lund, K. Søballe, M. Bue. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of meropenem in porcine cancellous bone determined by microdialysis: An animal study. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:342–348. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0308.R1.
Study on the ethnobotany of medicinal plants by people in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: MAIZER SAID NAHDI  , ARDYAN PRAMUDYA KURNIAWAN  
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The traditional medicine using plants is becoming the culture for the people of Yogyakarta Special Region, including Gunung Kidul. This research aims to reveal information from the people in the use of medicinal plants with a focus on how medicinal plants are used, managed and felt by the community. The research was conducted in Gunung Kidul, in Saptosari village and Giri Cahyo village from June to September 2018. The method used in collecting data was the exploratory survey and Participatory Rural Appraisal. Data on community involvement were obtained through the in-depth interview and structured interview. The identification was implemented in every plant used. The result of research analysis showed that people's knowledge about medicinal plants has been obtained from elders that have a long experience in concocting and trading the medicinal plants as herbs. In addition, the people have also obtained additional knowledge from any parties to make the medical plants to have economic value that can improve their welfare. The medicinal plants mostly have been packaged into 6 herbal plants called "Jamu" including Turmeric Tamarind, Saffron Rice, Bitter Herbs, Kebyokan, Ginger, and Turmeric with betel leaves with different compositions and efficacies. Most of the medical plants are obtained from outside the village since it is impossible to cultivate in Karst soils. The results of the study found 46 species consisting of 26 families used by the people for medical treatment in which the highest benefit was represented by the Zingeberaceae family, followed by Fabaceae and Rutaceae.
Predictors of mortality in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Listiyono Fanny , Murni Indah K. , Sumadiono Sumadiono , Satria Cahya Dewi 
Published: July 2019

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem chronic disease with a relatively high mortality rate in children, despite improvements in prognosis and survival rate over the past decade. Studies on the predictors of mortality in children with SLE, especially in low- and middle-income countries, are limited.
Objective To determine the predictors of mortality of children with SLE.
Methods This was case-control study using data from medical records of children with SLE at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 2009 and 2017. Subjects were children aged <18 years diagnosed with SLE. Cases were those who died within one year of diagnosis; the controls were those who were discharged alive. From subjects’ medical records, we collected clinical data including age, sex, date of diagnosis, nutritional status, anti-dsDNA antibody, antinuclear antibody (ANA), hypertension, disease activity based on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, mortality/survival outcome, date of death, cause of death, and clinical data including fever, seizures, antibiotic used, microbial culture outcomes, and infection-related diagnoses. We performed bivariate analysis of the association between predictor variables (SLEDAI score, proteinuria, infection, hypertension, and seizures) and mortality outcome (survival or death), followed by logistic regression analysis.
Results Eighty-four patients with SLE were included, of which 72 were female. Median age at diagnosis was 14 (range 4-18) years. Twenty-three patients (27%) died within one year after diagnosis. The most common causes of death were infection and renal failure in 8/23 and 7/23 subjects, respectively. On bivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with mortality were hypertension (OR 3.34, 95%CI 1.22 to 9.14) and infection (OR 3.71; 95%CI 1.36 to 10.12). Seizures, proteinuria, and SLEDAI score were not found to be significantly associated with mortality. On logistic regression analysis, infection was the only significant predictor of mortality (OR 3.22; 95%CI 1.15 to 9.05).
Conclusion Among the factors studied, infection is significantly associated with mortality in children with SLE.
Motor clinical progression in a series of pediatric Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy cases
Authors: Istianah Zakiah Nur , Sunartini Sunartini , Nugroho Sasmito 
Published: July 2019

Muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disorder that begins with muscle weakness and impaired motor function. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is more severe and destructive than Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), and both are progressive in nature. These 2 types of muscular dystrophy are caused by mutations in related to X-chromosome genes.1 The mutations that occur in DMD are nonsense mutations. Deletion is present in 60% of DMD cases, while duplication occurs in 10% of DMD cases, resulting in loss of dystrophin protein. Mutations in BMD are missense mutations, so dystrophin is still formed, but in decreased amounts and quality.2,3
The prevalence of DMD was reported to be three times greater than that of BMD, with a prevalence of 1.02 per 10,000 male births vs. 0.36 per 10,000 male infants, respectiveley.4 Anatomical pathology examination revealed loss of dystrophin in the examination of muscle biopsy without the presence of evidence leading to other neuromuscular diseases. Clinical DMD symptoms begin to appear at the age of 2-4 years. The child is observed to fall often and has difficulty climbing stairs. Muscle weakness worsens, especially in the upper limbs, continuing with heart and respiratory problems. The main causes of death in DMD are respiratory failure and heart failure.5 The BMD has varied clinical symptoms, beginning with the appearance of myalgia, muscle cramps, and arm weakness progressing towards myopathy. Some patients are asymptomatic until the age of 15, but 50% of patients show symptoms at age 10, and almost all by age 20.6
Factors associated with insulin-like growth factor-1 in children with thalassemia major
Authors: Riza Muhammad , Mulatsih Sri , Triasih Rina 
Published: July 2019

Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) deficiency is the major cause of growth disorders and delayed puberty in children with thalassemia. Hence, identifying factors contributing to IGF-1 deficiency in thalassemia is of importance.
Objectives To evaluate the correlation between IGF-1 level and nutritional status, ferritin level, pre-transfusion hemoglobin, thyroid, as well as alanine transaminase level.
Methods We conducted a study in children aged 2 to 18 years with thalassemia major who visited outpatient clinics at two hospitals in Indonesia, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta and Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from July to December 2015. Clinical, laboratory, and demographic data were reviewed from medical records. IGF-1 levels were measured using an immunochemiluminiscent method.
Results A total of 48 children were recruited into the study. Subjects mean IGF-1 level was 109.28 ng/mL (SD 90.26) ng/mL. Seventy-five percent of the children had IGF-1 level < -2SD. Subjects mean ferritin, pre-transfusion hemoglobin and ALT levels were 3.568 (SD 2131.31) ng/mL; 7.97 (SD 0.85) g/dL and 49.7 (SD 43.1), respectively. Most of the children (91.7%) was eutyroid, with a mean of TSH and FT4 level was 2.7 (SD 1.5) nmol/L and 12.3 (SD 7.1) μIU/ml, respectively.
Ferritin level had no significant correlation with IGF-1 level (r=-0.794; P=0.431). However, a strong, positive correlation was documented between pre-transfusion hemoglobin level and IGF-1 level (r=2.380; P=0.022). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that factors with significant correlations to IGF-1 level were pre-transfusion hemoglobin level <8 g/dL (β=-0.090; 95%CI -0.002 to 0.182; P=0.056) and undernutrition (β=0.077; 95%CI 0.045 to 0.109; P<0.001).
Conclusion Low pre-transfusion hemoglobin level and undernutrition are significantly correlated to low IGF-1 level in children with thalassemia major.
Gluten Intake in Early Childhood and Risk of Celiac Disease in Childhood: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lund-Blix Nicolai A. , Mårild Karl , Tapia German , Norris Jill M. , Stene Lars C. , Størdal Ketil 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Celiac disease (CD) may occur in genetically predisposed individuals exposed to gluten, but it is unclear whether the amount of gluten influences the risk of disease. We aimed at determining whether the amount of gluten intake at age 18 months predicted later risk of CD.

METHODS:
In an observational nationwide cohort study, the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), we included 67,608 children born during 2000–2009 and followed up for a mean of 11.5 years (range 7.5–15.5) after exclusions for missing data. Information regarding CD diagnosis was obtained from the Norwegian Patient Register 2008–2016 and from parental questionnaires at child age 7 and 8 years. We estimated gluten intake at age 18 months from a prospectively collected parental questionnaire.

RESULTS:
CD was diagnosed in 738 children (1.1%, 62% girls). The mean estimated amount of gluten in the diet at 18 months was 8.8 g/d (SD 3.6). The adjusted relative risk of CD was 1.10 (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.18) per SD increase in daily gluten amount at age 18 months. Children in the upper quartile of gluten intake compared with the lower quartile had an increased risk of CD (adjusted relative risk 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.58). The association with gluten amount was independent of the age at introduction of gluten. Gluten introduction ≥6 months was also an independent risk factor for CD.

DISCUSSION:
In this nationwide study, increased gluten intake at 18 months was associated with a modestly increased risk of CD later in childhood.