bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Select Gene Expression Across Variable PrPSc Permissive Ovine Microglia
Authors: McElliott Valerie , Dinkel Kelcey , Nesbit Zachary , Stanton James B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Abstract

Background: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal, neurodegenerative diseases that affect multiple species, including sheep, cattle, and humans. A misfolded, pathogenic isoform (PrPD) of the normal, host-encoded, cellular prion protein (PrPC) is the causative agent for TSEs. While there have been advances in understanding TSEs, antemortem diagnostic tests are limited in many species, and there are no effective treatment protocols. Filling these reagent gaps will require knowledge of the molecular pathophysiology of PrPD accumulation. Previous work has suggested that the extracellular matrix (i.e., fibronectin 1) and physiological functions (i.e., cell division) maybe key factors for cellular prion permissibility, at least in specific cell culture models. Using a natural scrapie isolate, six immortalized, ovine microglial clones, of varying permissiveness to classical scrapie were evaluated for differential gene expression in seven genes based on previous RNASeq studies (fibronectin 1 [FN1], follistatin-like 1 [FSTL1], osteonectin [SPARC], survivin [BIRC5], syndecan 4 [SDC4], AXL receptor tyrosine kinase [AXL], and prion protein [PRNP]), and to determine correlations with prion permissibility.
Results: Significant differential gene expression was frequently observed for survivin, follistatin-like 1 and osteonectin between clones, and when evaluated relative to PRNP expression. However, only fibronectin 1 and survivin were significantly correlated with prion permissibility, and only when evaluated relative to PRNP expression. Inoculation had a significant effect on follistatin-like 1, syndecan 4, and osteonectin.
Conclusions: Similar to previous studies in other systems, fibronectin and mitotic rate show promise as potential determinants of prion permissibility in ovine microglia. As determinants of prion permissibility, the expression of fibronectin 1 and survivin coupled with PRNP could be utilized as biomarkers for detection of prion permissibility phenotype in ovine microglia, and perhaps other cell culture models of prion disease.
El sistema penal acusatorio como comunicación universal y como parte del proceso de construcción de una cultura jurídica en Colombia, basada en el respeto de los derechos humanos
Authors: Parra William 
Published: August 2019

La implementación del Sistema Penal Acusatorio (SPA) por un lado, deviene de los principios de la ideología procesal o, de la preocupación porque este sistema sea justo, sea un debido proceso, consecuente con la consolidación universal del respeto de los derechos humanos y los derechos fundamentales y, con las responsabilidades por la institucionalización y materialización de estos derechos que tiene el Estado. Por otro lado, está la necesidad pragmática de dotar al sistema de la justicia penal de la eficiencia necesaria para que pueda responder oportunamente con decisiones judiciales, ante el incremento vertiginoso del volumen de casos y de conflictos sociales con consecuencias penales. En suma, tanto los factores pragmáticos como ideológicos, son complementarios en la construcción de un sistema más consecuente con los derechos y garantías de los ciudadanos y personas usuarias del sistema procesal penal en Colombia. Este artículo constituye una revisión sobre el Sistema Penal Acusatorio (SPA) y su incidencia en la construcción y consolidación de la cultura jurídica en Colombia, la cual, está asociada a la materialización del respeto universal de los Derechos Humanos.
Real time control schemes for improving water quality from bioretention cells
Authors: Persaud P. P. , Akin A. A. , Kerkez B. , McCarthy D. T. , Hathaway J. M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Extreme weather and the proliferation of impervious areas in urban watersheds increases the frequency of flood events and deepens water quality concerns. Bioretention is a type of green infrastructure practice developed to mitigate these impacts by reducing peak flows, runoff volume, and nutrient loads in stormwater. However, studies have shown inconsistency in the ability of bioretention to manage some pollutants, particularly some forms of nitrogen. Innovative sensor and control technologies are being tested to actively manage urban stormwater, primarily in open water stormwater systems such as wet ponds. Through these cyber-physical controls, it may be possible to optimize storage time and/or soil moisture dynamics within bioretention cells to create more favorable conditions for water quality improvements. A column study testing the influence of active control on bioretention system performance was conducted over a 9-week period. Active control columns were regulated based on either maintaining a specific water level or soil moisture content and were compared to free draining (FD) and internal water storage standards. Actively controlled bioretention columns performed similarly, with the soil moisture-based control showing the best performance with over 86% removal of metals and total suspended solids (TSS) while also exhibiting the highest ammonium removal (43%) and second highest nitrate removal (74%). While all column types showed mostly similar TSS and metal removal trends (median 94 and 98%, respectively), traditionally FD and internal water storage configurations promoted aerobic and anaerobic processes, respectively, which suggests that actively controlled systems have greater potential for targeting both processes. The results suggest that active controls can improve upon standard bioretention designs, but further optimization is required to balance the water quality benefits gained by retention time against storage needs for impending storms.
Sensitivity of fecal coliform bacteria transport to climate change in an agricultural watershed
Authors: Dakhlalla Abdullah O. , Parajuli Prem B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Climate change is expected to have impacts on our surface water resources, especially on the deterioration of surface water quality. The objectives of this study were to develop a calibrated and validated watershed model for daily streamflow and daily fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) concentrations using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the Big Sunflower River Watershed (BSRW) and to assess the sensitivity of FCB concentrations to changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO2 concentrations. The model demonstrated reasonable performances in simulating daily stream flow (R2 = 0.64–0.77, NSE = 0.57–0.75) and FCB concentrations (R2 = 0.56–0.60, NSE = 0.23–0.40) as compared to the previous literature. The one-at-a-time sensitivity analyses showed that average FCB concentrations were sensitive to changes in rainfall, temperature, and CO2 concentrations. Increased rainfall caused greater wash-off of FCB colonies from soil surfaces, while increased temperatures caused a decrease in surface water bacteria concentrations due to increased bacteria die-off rates. The CO2 concentration parameter was determined as the least sensitive parameter in this study.
Influence of northwest Indian Ocean sea surface temperature and El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the winter precipitation in Iran
Authors: Ghasemi Ahmad Reza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of northwest Indian Ocean (NIO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies between the regions 0–29°N and 45–80°E and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the winter precipitation in Iran. The data include monthly precipitation from 45 weather stations in Iran, monthly NIO SST with a 2° horizontal resolution and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) for a 40-year period (1975–2014). This study utilizes canonical correlation analysis and partial correlation to investigate the simultaneous relationship between SST, SOI, and winter precipitation variability. A running correlation method is also used to test the stationarity of these relationships. Analyses of the results reveal that both NIO SST and ENSO index are significantly correlated with the winter precipitation in Iran but with opposite sign. Moreover, a clear variability exists in the correlations revealing a distinct non-stationarity in the relationship over time. The results of partial correlation analysis suggest that the ENSO index has a stronger effect on the winter precipitation in Iran than NIO SST.
Regularity and a statistical model of surface water and groundwater interaction in the Taoer River alluvial fan, China
Authors: Meng Fanao , Xiao Changlai , Liang Xiujuan , Wang Ge , Sun Ying 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The study of surface water and groundwater (SGW) interaction can be used to improve water resource management. Herein, annual and monthly interactions in the Taoer River alluvial fan were calculated for the 1956–2014 period using the surface water balance method and the groundwater balance method, and a statistical model of interaction was obtained. The SGW interaction is shown in terms of the recharge of groundwater by surface water. From 1956 to 2014, the amount of SGW interaction in the study area varied greatly, averaging 27,848.4 × 104m3 annually. SGW interaction decreased gradually from the 1950s to the 1980s, and increased gradually from the 1980s to the present. During an individual year, SGW interaction increases gradually from January to July, peaking in July, and decreases gradually from August to December. An annual and a monthly multivariate regression statistical model were established. R2 was 0.697 for the annual model and 0.405 for the monthly model; the annual interaction model is more reliable. The model can be used to predict future trends in SGW interaction, which could be of great significance to the management of groundwater resources in the study area.
Frequency of Interleukins IL1ß/IL18 and Inflammasome NLRP1/NLRP3 Polymorphisms in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients and their Association with Severity Score
Authors: de Almeida Emerson , Frantz Sonia Rejane , Cesar Purim , Tarragô Andrea Monteiro , de Amorim Xabregas Lilyane , Garcia Nadja Pinto , Costa Allyson Guimarães , de Paula Erich Vinicius , Malheiro Adriana 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Interleukins IL1ß/IL18 and Inflammasome NLRP1/NLRP3
polymorphisms can change the course of multiple human diseases, both inflammatory
as infectious. SNPs these proteins were associated with the constructive activation of
the Inflammasome and excessive production of IL-1β induce a serious autoinflammatory
disease, as sickle cell anemia (SCA). The present study aims to
association of interleukins IL1ß/IL18 and inflammasome NLRP1/NLRP3 polymorphisms
in SCA patients in Amazon region and their association with severity score.

Methods:
The study was developed at Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e
Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM) with 21 patients diagnosed SCA (HbSS) and 50
Healthy Donor´s. Genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukins IL1ß/IL18 and
inflammasome NLRP1/NLRP3 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction
fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and real time PCR. Simple and multiple
logistic regression were performed to investigate association between the
polymorphisms and the SCA and severe score.

Results:
The genotypes C/C (IL18 -137G/C) and C/A (NLRP3, rs35829419) appear to
be risk factors for SCA disease (IL18: G/G vs C/C OR=103.500 [95% CI: 8.32-1287.79,
p<0.00001]; IL18: G/G vs G/C OR=7.360 [95% CI: 0.85-63.48, p=0.040]; IL18: G/G vs
CC+CG OR=14.481 [95% CI: 1.79-117.32, p=0.002; NLRP3: C/C vs C/A: OR=10.967
[95% CI: 2.41-49.89, p=0.0004]). In addition, only allelic C (IL18 -137G/C) and A
(NLRP3) appear to be risk factors for SCA disease (IL18: G vs C OR=6.366 [95% CI:
2.73-14.86, p<0.00001]; NLRP3: C vs A OR=8.383 [95% CI: 2.03-34.62, p=0.005]. No
associations were observed between genotypes and alleles with the severity score.

Conclusion:
Evidence of association between the IL18 (rs16944) and NLRP3
(rs35829419) polymorphisms with sickle cell anemia were described. Our results
suggest that individuals with genotypes evaluated are associated SCA disease even
though it does not influence the severe score.
Curcumin Suppresses Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Proliferative Protein (Ki 67) in Acute Lung Injury and Lung Fibrosis In vitro and In vivo
Authors: Shaikh Sadiya Bi , Prabhu Ashwini , Bhandary Yashodhar Prabhakar 
Published: August 2019

Background::
Acute lung injury is one of the common conditions caused due to bleomycin
therapy which leads to pulmonary fibrosis, which is one of the severe interstitial lung diseases most
commonly affecting the elderly individuals. EGFR and Ki67 can be marked as beneficial markers for
detecting pulmonary fibrosis based on which clinicians can guide the therapy.

Objective::
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin as an intervention on two prognostic
markers EGFR and Ki67 in bleomycin-induced basal alveolar epithelial cells and C57BL/6
mice. Protein expressions and pathological expressions of EGFR and Ki67 were evaluated to analyze
the effect of curcumin via both in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Methods::
The effect of curcumin was investigated both on cell lines (A549) and animal model (both
normal and bleomycin-induced mice, n=6) via techniques like western blotting for protein expression.
Techniques like immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were carried out and examined under
confocal microscopy and phase contrast microscopy to analyze the expressions of the said biomarkers.
Bleomycin was used as a causative agent to induce inflammation.

Results::
The natural polyphenol curcumin could downregulate the expressions levels of Ki67 and
EGFR both in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence analysis of proliferative marker Ki67 showed a
reduced expression on curcumin treatment in vitro. The pathological sections from treated lungs
showed a significant decrease in EGFR and Ki67 levels when exposed to curcumin.

Conclusion::
We conclude that curcumin, a well-known natural bioactive compound holds strong antiproliferative
effects on Ki67 and EGFR expressions.We observed that a clinical outcome in the diagnosis
of pulmonary fibrosis remains to be unconvincing so far. Curcumin can be considered as a potential
therapeutic.
Kinetic Evaluation of Anti-tumor Chlorambucil Release from O-stearoyl Mannose PLGA Nanoparticles
Authors: Costa Antonio O. , Lunardi Claure N. , Gomes Anderson J. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:
This study assesses the kinetics of the anti-tumor drug chlorambucil
(CLB) incorporated into PLGA nanoparticles (NP-CLB) with and without the presence of
the O-stearoyl mannose (OEM) functionalizing agent (NP-CLBMAN).

Methods:
OEM was synthesized and used in the NP-CLB-MAN formulation. The nanoparticles
were characterized by dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic light scattering,
scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Results:
The nanoparticles presented an encapsulation efficiency greater than 61% and a
PdI between 0.186–0.217. The mean size was 185 nm for NP-CLB and 220 nm for NPCLB-
MAN, and the zeta potential values were -17.7 mV for NP-CLB and -14.2 mV for
NP- CLB-MAN. Scanning electron microscopy showed that NPs with OEM have a surface
with a different shape, and FTIR analyses showed binding of CLB to the drug delivery
system, as well as functionalization with OEM. In vitro release studies showed a biphasic
release profile for both systems, and they were analyzed considering the mathematical
Korsmeyer-Peppas, first-order, and Fick diffusion models, and the combination
of the first-order and Fick diffusion models.

Conclusion:
The experimental results obtained for the release of CLB were better described
using a combination of the first order and Fick diffusion mathematical models.
The Effect of Inpatient Bowel and Bladder Training Given by The Nurse At a Rehabilitation Clinic on Sphincter Control
Authors: DUYAR Emine Miray , İNKAYA Bahar 
Published: August 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine how
the bowel and bladder training provided by the rehabilitation nurse affects
sphincter control and to emphasize its importance. Methods: This study was designed semi-experimental. The sample of
the study consisted of 130 individuals requiring bladder-bowel training and
rehabilitation.&nbsp; Urinal, diaper, bedpan,
bladder catheterization as a heterogeneous group of patients with different
status have formed the sample. The functional independence measure was used to
evaluate the effectiveness of the training and sphincter control in patients
who were provided bowel and bladder training. The patient was also provided
with a training booklet with detailed information. Results: The training given to the patients was found to create a
significant difference in bladder sphincter control and the FIM scores to
increase after the training (p &lt;0.05). The training was also found to
significantly increase the FIM bowel sphincter scores (p&lt;0.05).&nbsp; Conclusions:
We found that as a result the bowel and bladder training provided by
rehabilitation nurses had positive and useful effects on the sphincters and
allowed the patients to independently continue their daily living activities. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı rehabilitasyon hemşiresi
tarafından verilen barsak ve mesane eğitiminin sfinkter kontrolünü nasıl
etkilediğini ve önemini vurgulamaktır. Yöntem:
Bu çalışma tasarımı yarı deneyseldir. Çalışmanın örneklemi mesane – barsak
eğitimi ve rehabilitasyon gerektiren 130 kişiden oluştu. İdrar, bebek bezi,
sürgü, mesane kateterizasyonu gibi farklı durumdaki hastalardan heterojen bir
grup olarak örneklemi oluşturdu. Bağırsak ve mesane eğitimi verilen hastalarda
sfinkter kontrolünün etkinliğini değerlendirmek için fonksiyonel bağımsızlık
ölçeği kullanıldı. Hastaya ayrıca ayrıntılı bilgi içeren bir eğitim kitapçığı
verildi. Bulgular: Hastalara verilen
eğitimin mesane sfinkter kontrolünde ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlık ölçeği
skorlarında eğitim sonrası anlamlı bir fark yarattığı bulundu (p &lt;0.05).
Eğitimin fonksiyonel bağımsızlık ölçeği barsak sfinkter skorlarını anlamlı
olarak arttırdığı bulundu (p &lt;0.05). Sonuç:
Sonuç olarak rehabilitasyon hemşirelerinin sağladığı bağırsak ve mesane
eğitiminin sfinkterler üzerinde olumlu ve faydalı etkileri olduğunu ve
hastaların günlük yaşam aktivitelerini bağımsız olarak sürdürmelerini
sağladığını belirledik.&nbsp;
STUDI KOMPETENSI GURU PAUD DALAM MELAKUKAN ASESMEN PEMBELAJARAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI DI KOTA CIMAHI
Authors: Nurhayati Sri , Rakhman Anita 
Published: August 2019

Kompetensi asesmen pada pembelajaran dan perkembangan anak usia dini (AUD) merupakan kompetensi pedagogis yang sangat penting dimiliki para pendidik PAUD guna mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data mengenai perkembangan anak yang selanjutnya akan digunakan untuk kebutuhan pembelajaran di PAUD. Namun, pada kenyataannya kompetensi ini masih kurang dipahami dan dikuasai oleh para pendidik PAUD. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang penguasaan kompetensi dalam asesmen pembelajaran dan perkembangan AUD sehingga memberikan hasil sebagai berikut: 1) kualifikasi akademik tidak mendukung penguasaan kompetensi asesmen pembelajaran dan perkembangan AUD; 2) pendidik PAUD yang diteliti sebanyak 25 orang (89,3%) menyatakan mereka tahu kompetensi asesmen pembelajaran seperti yang disyaratkan oleh Permendiknas No. 58 Tahun 2009 dan hanya 3 orang (10,7%) yang menyatakan tidak tahu; 3) pendidik PAUD yang diteliti sebagian besar (96,5%) telah pernah mengikuti pelatihan asesmen pembelajaran, tetapi tingkat pemahaman dan penguasaan mereka tetap rendah; 4) terdapat fakta bahwa pemahaman dan penguasaan para pendidik terhadap asesmen pembelajaran tetap rendah meskipun mereka memenuhi kualifikasi akademik dan pernah mengikut pelatihan. Kata kunci: kompetensi, asesmen, pembelajaran anak usia dini
ANALISIS KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU PG PAUD KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Febrialismanto Febrialismanto 
Published: August 2019

Dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai guru harus memiliki kompetensi. Salah satu jenis kompetensi guru adalah kompetensi profesional. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keadaan kompetensi guru PAUD yang telah menyelesaikan studi S1 dari kabupaten kampar. Metode yang digunakan deskripsi kuantitatif dengan melakukan test terhadap 35 orang guru. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui indikator Menguasai konsep dasar bahasa sebagai sarana pengembangan untuk setiap bidang pengembangan anak dengan nilai persentase 51.43%. Menguasai konsep dasar pendidikan jasmani sebagai sarana pengembangan untuk setiap bidang pengembangan anak dengan nilai persentase 46.67%. Menguasai alat permainan untuk pengembangan aspek sosial emosional anak TK/PAUD dengan nilai persentase 58.57% kategori rendah Memahami kemampuan anak TK/PAUD dalam setiap bidang pengembangan dengan nilai persentase 41.90%. Memahami kemajuan anak dalam setiap bidang pengembangan di TK/PAUD dengan nilai persentase 54.29%. Mengolah materi bidang pengembangan secara kreatif sesuai dengan tingkat perkembangan peserta didik dengan nilai persentase 55.71%. Memanfaatkan hasil refleksi dalam rangka peningkatan keprofesionalan dengan nilai persentase 45.71%. Melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas untuk peningkatan keprofesionalan dengan nilai persentase 58.57%, delapan kategori tersebut termasuk dalam kategori rendah sedangkankan mengikuti kemajuan zaman dengan belajar dari berbagai sumber dengan nilai persentase 28.57% kategori sangat rendah. Kata Kunci: kompentensi profesional, guru pg paud, kabupaten kampar
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA DENGAN MENERAPKAN METODE PEMBERIAN BALIKAN
Authors: Adiansha Adi Apriadi 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan menerapkan metode pemberian balikan siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta siswa Kelas III.a SDN 02 Kota Bima yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Jumlah tersebut terdiri atas 12 siswa laki-laki dan 24 siswa perempuan. Jenis penelitin ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, evaluasi dan refleksi. Data aktivitas belajar siswa diperoleh dengan cara observasi sedangkan data hasil menghitung kemampuan operasi hitung pecahan bentuk aljabar siswa diperoleh dari pemberian tes pada tiap akhir siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran pembelajaran dengan metode pemberian balikan memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu siklus I (69,44, siklus II (80,56%), siklus III (88,89%). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pemberian balikan telah berhasil terlaksana dalam upaya meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar pada mata pelajaran IPA. Kata Kunci: motivasi, prestasi, metode pemberian balikan