bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copyright regulations for AI‑generated works in the EU
Authors:   Miskolc university, Soltanibahrehmand Raheleh 
Published: November 2024

The European Union’s (EU) present copyright laws pertaining to works created by artificial intelligence (AI) are examined in this article. It examines important guidelines, court rulings, and academic viewpoints to handle the new issues raised by artificial intelligence-generated material. Significant legal ambiguities about authorship and ownership rights for AI outputs under current legislation are shown by the study. A range of regulatory strategies are investigated, such as modifying the existing directives, establishing sui generis rights, and putting models of compulsory licensing into practice. The essay also takes stakeholder viewpoints, global governance issues, and ethical ramifications into account. In order to inform balanced policymaking that supports AI innovation while upholding rights and advancing the public interest, it ends by giving recommendations for future research areas.
Povaha regresního nároku daňového ručitele
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, Toman Lukáš 
Published: November 2024

A tax suretyship is based on a private law suretyship. When a tax surety performs a debt of a tax debtor to a tax administrator the tax surety is supposed to gain a certain claim against the tax debtor. This article is about the essence of such claim. First of all the decision of great senate of the Highest Court nr. 31 Cdo 1693/2008 has been scrutinized as a pivot point for the claim arising from a tax surety. This court decision makes incorrect conclusion and is poorly explained. Another key point are changes in provisions between Act Nr. 40/1964 Coll. and Act Nr. 89/2012 Coll. in terms of surety regress claims, i.e. subrogation and unjust enrichment. After considering gathered information the Author concludes the regress claim of the tax surety has the essence of unjust enrichment under current law. However certain changes should be made de lege ferenda.
Vývoj právnej úpravy poručníctva a zverenia dieťa do náhradnej starostlivosti na Slovensku v prvej polovici 20. storočia
Authors:   Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Právnická fakulta, Vešelényiová Frederika 
Published: November 2024

The main focus of this articleis to provide a basic framework of the legal regulation of guardianship in the territory of Slovakia in the first half of the twentieth century. Closer attention is paid to the rights and duties of the guardian as well as to the process of appointment of the guardian itself. The paper also deals with the new legal regulation of the protection of children in foreign custody implemented on the territory of Czechoslovakia in the 1920s. Which was a serious issue due to the poor demographic situation, as children placed in the care of guardian were the most endangered group of the population in our territory.
Education in the folk schools in the activities of the National Diet of Galicia
Authors:   Doctoral School in Social Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Wasik Izabela 
Published: November 2024

This article is concerned with issues of education in the folk schools in the activities of the Galician Diet. In its activities, the Galician Diet made efforts to improve the education system throughout its existence. The establishment of new schools, the number of pupils per teacher and mandatory school attendance were all subject to regulation. At the same time, efforts were made to regulate the legal position of teachers, including their liability, pension security and salary. Considerable attention was also paid to the issue of school supervision. It succeeded in establishing a system of bodies whose main task was to support schools and teachers in the teaching and educational process (local school boards, district school boards and the National School Board).
Improvement of Classification Results of Convolutional Neural Networks Using Various Gan-Based Augmentation Techniques
Authors: Kališková Lenka , Butka Peter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is an exciting innovation in machine learning within the neural network field. These models are able to generate a realistic image, video or even voice output. One of the useful applications is its possibility to enrich data sets for better learning of neural network models. In the presented work, we focus on image augmentation with the use of several variations of GAN to improve the classification of convolutional neural network. Accordingly, to prove the advantage of GAN-based image augmentation in comparison with methods of classical augmentation, we used specifically three different degrees of image rotation and compared classification results of convolutional neural network that use images from these augmentation methods. Mentioned methods of image augmentation are applied to five datasets belonging to three different domains, specifically medical, astronomical and geological domain. The architecture and settings of the convolutional neural network are the same for all datasets. To evaluate classification results, we used confusion matrix, accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score.
Expertise act as evidence, accessibility and practical issues according to the Albanian legislation
Authors: Cipa Ardian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One of the most important pieces of evidence provided by the Criminal Procedure Code (hereinafter: CPC), is evidence with an expert, which is taken in cases when the proceeding body for resolving a specific case needs special technical, scientific or cultural knowledge. The lawmaker, as for any evidence provided in the CPC, provides for the notification of the receipt of this evidence to the subject’s party to the criminal proceeding. Even in this case, the evidence with an expert, namely the decision to appoint an expert, will be notified to the subjects of criminal proceedings of the defendant or his defense counsel.
The problem encountered in practice regarding this decision is related to the fact that this decision is notified only to the person who holds the status of defendant and is not notified to the person under investigation or the person to whom the criminal offense is attributed. In fact, this attitude taken by the prosecution practice is not in line with the provisions and purpose of the CPC, which provides that the rights of the person under investigation or the person to whom the criminal offense is attributed are equated with the rights of the defendant. In relation to this fact, the Court of General Jurisdiction has taken a different position from the Court of Special Jurisdiction. The Court of General Jurisdiction always notifies the decision to perform the act of expertise to the person under investigation and a completely different position is held by the Court of Special Jurisdiction which notifies the decision to appoint the expert upon receipt of the status of the defendant. Another problematic related precisely to the decision on the notification for the assignment of the expert is his recklessness in the trial process, since the opinions held in practice are different. If we refer to the position of the Court of Special Jurisdiction, it does not declare the act of expertise unnecessary in those cases when the decision to appoint the expert has not been notified to the person under investigation. Following this manuscript, I will also consider extensively the evidence with an expert and the provisions of the CPC on this evidence, together with some concrete cases on the positions held by the jurisdictions of the courts to notify the decision to appoint an expert as subject of criminal proceedings.
Assessment of Polycrystalline, Monocrystalline, and Amorphous Solar Panels Under Dynamic Environmental Conditions: Performance Insights for Renewable Energy Applications
Authors: Enasel Eduard , Dumitraşcu Gheorghe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is rapidly expanding as a key renewable energy source. Understanding the long-term performance of various PV technologies under real-world conditions is essential. Since Edmond Becquerel’s demonstration of the photovoltaic effect in 1839, solar PV has progressed significantly. Performance is influenced by temperature, wind, irradiance, shading, and panel orientation, with elevated cell temperatures potentially decreasing performance by 8-15%. This study analyzes polycrystalline, monocrystalline, and amorphous (thin-film) PV panels’ responses to changing solar irradiance and temperature using sensors monitored by microcontrollers. Preliminary findings indicate each panel type has unique performance traits: polycrystalline panels are cost-effective and stable under direct sunlight but less efficient in low-light; monocrystalline panels are highly efficient, especially in low-light, but degrade at high temperatures; and amorphous panels, though less efficient, are resilient under varying light and moderate temperature changes. These insights aim to optimize solar energy generation and inform future solar panel design and deployment strategies.
Poisoned Grounds: Toxic Discourse in Barbara Kingsolver’s Fiction and Nonfiction
Authors: Paul Abhra , Sarveswaran Vidya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In his Writing for an Endangered World (2001), Lawrence Buell coins and defines the term “toxic discourse” as “anxiety arising from the perceived threat of environmental hazard due to chemical modification by the human agency” (31). Buell’s concept of toxic discourse offers a framework and four topoi: “the shock of awakened perception,” “a world without refuge from toxic penetration,” “the threat of hegemonic oppression,” and “gothicization” (35–42). Following this line of thought, the present paper addresses the intersection between ecocriticism and toxic discourse. Then it proceeds to explore how Buell’s four topoi are presented in the works of American essay writer, scientist, and novelist Barbara Kingsolver, in Animal Dreams (1990), Holding the Line: Women in the Great Arizona Mine Strike of 1983 (1989), Prodigal Summer (2000), the essay “In the Belly of the Beast” from the collection High Tide in Tucson (1995), and three essays, “A Fist in the Eye of God,” “A Forest’s Last Stand,” and “The Patience of a Saint” from the collection Small Wonder (2003). Kingsolver’s fiction and nonfiction present how human-induced chemical toxicity destroys the planetary ecosystem. This study examines how Buell’s concept of “contaminated communities” is reinforced through Kingsolver’s depiction of the copper mining community in Arizona or the small farms exposed to chemical hazards from using pesticides. Buell’s tendency to “gothicize” toxicity resonates with Kingsolver’s works presenting grotesque images of nuclear waste dump/fallout and industrial pollution, and present the “hegemonic oppression” of the mining corporation (Phelps Dodge Copper Corporation in the USA) or the government policies using nuclear warheads and agricultural chemicals. (AP and VS)
Oddly Radical: Environmental Virtue Ethics in Simak’s Way Station
Authors: Baus Jeffrey M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay reconsiders Clifford Simak’s Way Station as a nuanced exploration of environmental virtue ethics, challenging the conventional view of Simak’s ideology as conservative. It argues that Simak critiques anthropocentrism, including that in Aldo Leopold’s “Land Ethic,” by advocating for a more authentic ecocentric perspective. Through close analysis, the essay examines how Simak integrates ethical considerations into his portrayal of the ecosphere and his characters’ responses to it, emphasizing the intrinsic value of all beings. Additionally, it explores Simak’s anti-anthropocentrism and alignment with ecofeminism, underscoring his preference for non-human entities. The essay also delves into Simak’s empathy for the “other,” illustrating how he promotes environmental justice and respect for all beings, irrespective of ability, beauty, or corporality. By illuminating Simak’s environmental virtue ethics, this essay contributes to a deeper understanding of how his pastoral science fiction shapes environmental consciousness and promotes ethical engagement with the natural world. (JMB)
Alternative Methods for Anaerobic Power Assessment in Athletes: A Correlational Study of Wingate, Vertical Jump, and Standing Broad Jump Tests
Authors: Joshi Kunal , Singh Ashutosh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction.
Power plays a vital role in various sporting activities in which the aerobic system produces the most energy. However, anaerobic power is vital when the player demands an immediate energy supply. The primary goal of this study is to determine whether the standing broad jump (SBJ) and vertical jump (VJ) tests can be correlated with those of the Win-gate ergometry test so that a reliable and cost-effective method for athlete monitoring and skill identification is available.

Material and Methods.
Forty healthy athletes, 26 males and 14 females from different sports, participated in the study. Each participant completed the Wingate, SBJ, and VJ tests in a controlled environment, and the results were analyzed.

Results.
Pearson’s correlation test showed a positive correlation between peak power and the SBJ distance (r = 0.74, p < 0.001) and vertical jump height (r = 0.76, p < 0.001).

Conclusions.
VJ and SBJ tests can be used as alternative tests for assessing anaerobic capabilities, injury prevention, and pre-competition screening.
The Effect of the Sports Club Model on the Physical Fitness Improvement of Female Students at Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Dao Chanh Thuc , Ha Minh Diu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction.
The traditional physical education (PE) model faces challenges in engaging students actively. This study investigates the effectiveness of a sports club-based PE model in improving the physical fitness of female students at Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCMC). The primary objective is to assess the effect of this model on overall fitness development, compared to the conventional PE program.

Material and methods.
The study involved 128 healthy female students divided into an experimental group (EG, n = 68) and a control group (CG, n = 60). The EG participated in a sports club-based model, with activities ranging from Jianzi to volleyball, while the CG followed the standard PE curriculum. The study was conducted over a semester with both pre- and post-intervention fitness assessments. Fitness metrics, such as grip strength, sit-ups, standing long jump, and 30 m sprint, were evaluated using standardized testing methods.

Results.
After the intervention, the EG demonstrated significant improvements across all fitness tests compared to the CG. Notable gains were observed in sit-up performance (EG: 39.08%, CG: 23.71%) and grip strength (EG: 24.27%, CG: 15.23%). Reductions in sprint times and agility enhancements were also more pronounced in the EG, indicating the greater overall effect of the sports club model on physical fitness development.

Conclusions.
The sports club-based PE model offers a more engaging and effective approach to improving physical fitness in female university students. Its integration into the university curriculum could lead to broader health benefits and enhance students’ motivation towards regular physical activity.
Land Terminal in Logistic Transport Chain and COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Authors: Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska Aldona , Łukasik Zbigniew , Kozyra Jacek , Olszańska-Wesoły Sylwia , Krasiuk Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The issue of conducting transport processes in the land terminal in the light of COVID-19 pandemic was raised by the authors of this article. The goal of the research was to receive an answer for the question of whether COVID-19 pandemic had real impact on flow of cargos by land handling terminal functioning in Poland. Interview questionnaire, which was distributed among 100 employees in the real object was used during the research. The conclusions from conducted research are surprising because COVID-19 pandemic has not caused more competition between branches and lowering prices of transport services, and lockdown did not cause suspending of activity of the enterprise. It results from the research conducted in the real object and its analysis. COVID-19 pandemic had positive impact on the enterprise, which shows a list of data about the flow of cargos, which has increased during pandemic years in comparison with previous years in the segment of transport of containers, pandemic definitely had impact on interest of the clients in railway transport in the New Silk Road. New Silk Road is an alternative to maritime and air transport from China. Silk Road has also contributed to the development of the terminal. COVID-19 pandemic had positive impact on interest in the services associated with railway transport, that is, customs clearance, cargo handling, storage, last mile transport services.
Community Dynamics and Archaeological Resource Management in The Process of Lithium Exploration for the Falchani Project
Authors: Vilca Gustavo Medina , Machicao Abel Edmundo De la Vega , Copa Samuel Gallegos , Vidangos Edwin Catacora , Torreblanca Félix Abelardo Arizaca , Salas Illich Xavier Talavera 
Published: November 2024

Objective: To analyze the communal dynamics and archaeological resources in the process of lithium exploration for the Falchani project in Corani - Carabaya.

Theoretical Framework: It is based on the concepts of community dynamics, archaeological resources, lithium; focusing on the interrelation between communal dynamics and archaeological resource management.

Method: It was framed under the mixed, non-experimental and descriptive approach. The observation unit consisted of local actors and authorities. We worked with a sample of 59 heads of household. The information was collected through an interview guide and a four-section questionnaire.

Results and Discussion: The results show that the population, due to the increasing precariousness of agriculture and livestock due to climatological and anthropogenic factors, sees lithium exploitation as an economic opportunity, but fears the environmental impacts and therefore considers the need for a transparent and inclusive dialogue. Finally, it is evident that the archaeological heritage is diverse and valued as a symbol of collective identity and economic potential; despite the lack of an adequate framework, the population supports its management in coordination between the State, companies and society.

Research Implications: The research contributes to the understanding and management of the interrelationship between community dynamics and archaeological resource management in mining contexts, and enriches studies on sustainability and natural resource management by integrating socio-cultural and heritage perspectives.

Originality/value: The study proposes a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach by analyzing the intersection between community dynamics and archaeological resource management in the context of lithium exploration of the Falchani Project in Peru, providing relevant data to improve community engagement strategies.
Potential and Weaknesses of Incorporating Water Treatment Plant Sludge Into Concrete
Authors: Almeida Jeferson Maiko de , Jesus Amanda Maria Dantas de , Fiore Fabiana Alves 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the potential and weaknesses of incorporating sludge from water treatment plants, wet or calcined, in the manufacture of conventional or structural concrete, based on a systematic review of the literature.

Theoretical Reference: The process of potabilizing water for human supply generates waste called water treatment plant sludge (WTS), which is currently still disposed of inappropriately, but which, due to its characteristics, is viable for use as a material for civil construction.

Method: The Prisma methodology was used to develop this systematic review. Searches were carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases using the keywords: sludge, cement composite, concrete, drinking water and water treatment. The categorization of the results included elements about the waste, the technologies adopted for its beneficial use and the potential of incorporating LETA into concrete.

Results and Discussion: LETA is an advantageous alternative for partially replacing fine aggregate in concrete production, due to its specific properties. It is important that the characterization of LETAs for use in concrete includes parameters such as pH, humidity, organic matter content and the particle size of the waste. There is evidence that LETAs can replace up to 10% of fine aggregate in concrete production, but with a loss of mechanical strength.

Research implications: It was possible to verify the technical feasibility of incorporating LETA into concrete production to replace fine aggregate. However, there is still a research gap regarding the environmental and economic evaluation of this beneficial use and these aspects are crucial for the effective use of concrete with LETA to meet market demands.

Originality/Value: The beneficial use of LETAs makes it possible to incorporate the principles of the circular economy into water purification plants. This unprecedented systematic review of the literature on the incorporation of LETA in the manufacture of concrete highlights the paths already taken and the need for further studies on the subject.