bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Two Adhesive Agents on Shear Bond strength Between Fresh Dental Amalgam and Resin Composite
Authors: Ibraheem Aveen , Alqaysi Salam 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To assess and compare the results on the bond strength of two adhesive agents that bond fresh amalgam to two types of composite restorations, and to check the mode of bond failure.
Methods: Sixty standardized circular cavities were prepared in a block of polymethyl methacrylate with standardized dimensions. Fresh amalgam was condensed to fill the cavity, then a gelatin mold with standardized dimensions was placed over the fresh amalgam,and the composite resin was bonded to the amalgam. Samples were assigned into three main groups, each containing (20) samples. G1: Amalgam bonded to composite without adhesive agent, G2: Amalgam bonded to composite by single bond universal adhesive, G3: Amalgam bonded to composite by scotch bond MPP, and each group was divided into two subgroups of (n=10) (Nanofill and Nanohybrid composite) to measure shear bond strength, which was followed by evaluation of debonding in all samples under a stereomicroscope to assess the mode of failure.
Results: All The results showed that G3 has higher shear bond strength than G1 and G2, and this is statistically significant at (p=0.001, p=0.005) respectively, while G1 has the lowest shear bond strength and a statistically non-significant difference from G2 at (p=0.539). It was also found that the type of composite resin has no effect on bond strength and statistically non-significant difference was found for any of the sub-groups. Following debonding of all the samples, they were examined under a stereomicroscope, and the adhesive failure present was about (%65), and mixed failure present about (%35), while cohesive failure was (%0).
Conclusions: Highest bond strength was found with Scotch bond multi-purpose plus (SBMPP) agent compared to other groups. The strength of the fresh amalgam bonding to the composite resin without an adhesive agent was low. The bond strength with single bond universal adhesive was lower than with the SBMPP system.
The Impact of Cerebral Palsy on The Health, Functions, and Habits of The Oral Cavity Among Children in Sulaimani City
Authors: Ahmed Dana , Garib Balkees 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Identify the impact of Cerebral Palsy (CP) on oral health, function, and habits.
Methods: A thorough examination of the oral mucosa in one hundred CP children was carried out after obtaining detailed medical and dental histories. ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data, and p-value ≤ 0.05 considered significant.
Results: CP children predominated by males (58%) and spastic type (64%). 27% of them visited a dentist (44.5% pain), 45% performed tooth brushing (57.8% need help), 31.8% mixed CP type only eat liquid diet. CP children had a burning tongue (11%) and halitosis (32%). Dry mouth and cracked lips were the minor symptoms. Functional limitations in chewing (34%), speech (59%), swallowing (37%) were also recorded. The majority of CP children had several oral disorders and habits including: saliva drooling (59%), mouth breathing (45%), thumb sucking (32%) and teeth bruxism (31%). Lip and tongue sucking was significantly more in ataxic type (p = 0.04). Changes in the tongue mucosa were the predominant findings (24%).
Conclusions: The majority of CP children did not perform brushing, and few of them visited the dentist. The tongue mucosa was the most affected site. CP patients had multiple oral habits and orofacial functional difficulties predominated by drooling and mouth breathing.
Knowledge of Cancer cervix and its causative agents among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adolescent women in rural Medical College in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Raval Ravi M. , Patil Vaibhav B. , Thaware Pradnya P. 
Published: May 2019

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the knowledge of human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected female adolescents attending Antenatal OPD in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College, Miraj, Maharashtra, India.Methods: Subjects were recruited randomly from OPD attending patients. A total of 30 subjects, 15 HIV-infected and 15 HIV-uninfected were selected via randomization and completed a measure of HPV knowledge, based on a previously validated instrument. The study took place in December 2017.Results: The overall mean score on the measure for all subjects was 43.3% (S.D. 10.9). There was no significant difference in HPV knowledge between the HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected groups. Based on results from a previous large-scale study using the same validated measure, this sample scored significantly worse on general HPV knowledge than samples from the other studies.Conclusions: Given the limited knowledge of HPV in this sample, there is greater need for education about the prevention of cervical cancer, specifically among high-risk adolescent women.
A clinical study of the incidence of salivary gland tumors in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Babu N. Sathish , Mahadev Naveen H. , V. Kumar G. 
Published: May 2019

Background: The salivary gland system of the upper aero digestive tract plays a critical role in the functions of digestion, respiration, communication, and overall homeostasis. The Salivary gland swellings can be broadly classified into inflammatory, non-inflammatory and neoplastic swellings like calculi, benign tumours such has pleomorphic adenoma, oncocytoma, Warthin's tumour, malignant tumors which include-adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of general surgery, Sri Siddhartha Medical College over a period of 2 years from August 2016 to July 2018. All major salivary gland neoplastic swellings confirmed by FNAC were included in this study.Results: In our study 23 patients had major salivary gland tumours out of that 19 patients had parotid and 4 had submandibular major salivary gland tumour. In our study out 23 cases of salivary tumours 19 cases were benign and 4 cases were malignant, out of 19 cases of parotid tumours, 15 (78.94%) cases were seen in superficial lobe and 4 (21.06%) were in deep lobe, out of 23 salivary gland tumours, 19 (82.6%) cases were pleomorphic adenoma 3(13.05%) cases were mucoepidermoid carcinoma and one case (4.35%) was acinic cell carcinoma.Conclusions: Parotid gland was the most common site of origin of both benign and malignant tumours, Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign salivary gland tumour and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most frequent malignant neoplasm.
Maxillary distraction osteogenesis for correction of maxillary retrognathia in cleft lip and palate patients: a case series
Authors: Kaya Burçak , Cubuk Secil , Akdeniz Sıdıka , Bayram Burak 
Published: May 2019

<p class="abstract">The treatment protocol of patients having maxillary retrognatia is presented in this case series. Maxillary expansion, secondary alveolar bone grafting and/or oronasal fistula closure were performed in 6 cleft lip and palate patients. Preoperative simulation of Le Fort I osteotomy and adaptation of maxillary distractors were realized with stereolytographic cranium models. Intraoral maxillary distraction was applied under general anesthesia. A single unit acrylic occlusal splint was ligated to maxillary dental arch and worked as a guide during entire activation and consolidation period of distraction osteogenesis. Rigid internal fixation plates were placed in the osteotomy sites at the end of consolidation period. The amount of maxillary advancement was between 5-14 mm. Satisfying occlusal and skeletal relationships were obtained in all patients. Advancement of maxilla by distraction osteogenesis resulted in gradual formation of bone at the osteotomy line and enhanced treatment outcome in patients with cleft lip and palate.</p>
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VERSUS PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: LIMITATIONS OF APPLICATION
Authors: M. Morkhat Petr , V. Ponkin Igor , V. Markhgeym Marina , K. Botnev Vladimir , O. Turganbayev Aidyn 
Published: May 2019

Purpose of Study: The present study was designed to study possibilities, conditions, grounds and limitations regarding the use of technologies and units of artificial intelligence in public administration. Determinants of the need to use such technologies in public administration were also considered. In this study, directions of realizable engagement which is already implemented, as well as directions of the possible use of artificial intelligence units in the future for public administration were investigated to ensure the functioning of system of state executive bodies.
Methodology: The present research carried out based on the application of research methods such as system analysis, synthesis, and classification. Using these research methods, the concepts of describing conditions, possibilities, modes and functional-target load of using technologies and units of artificial intelligence in public administration, as well as limitations of its application in public administration were developed.
Results: It was found that the use of artificial intelligence by the state for performing its various own tasks is highly relevant as it might lead to finding many positive approbations. However, despite the fact that technologies and artificial intelligence units have been developed for a relatively long time, and some of them are already widely used, it is still impossible to talk about the integrated, fully tested and properly regulated implementation of this kind of technology and units for management, therefore, it is suggested to further investigate on this issue from a theoretical (prognostic) point of view, taking into account potential directions and possibilities regarding the use of such technology and units.
Implications/Applications: The use of technologies and units of artificial intelligence does not necessarily take into account as a panacea for solving the problems and may not lead to solving some systemic problems in public administration, but, on the contrary, may even aggravate some existing problems in public administration and contribute to the emergence of new problems and risks.
What is the impact of intravitreal injection of conbercept on neovascular glaucoma patients: a prospective, interventional case series study
Authors: Shi Liukun , Yang Jin , Lin Jinyong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal conbercept combined with trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods Fifty patients (54 eyes) with NVG were included in this prospective study. Fifty-two eyes initially underwent intravitreal conbercept (0.5 mg/0.05 ml) treatment followed by trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications, and surgical complications were recorded. The levels of VEGF-A, TGF-β1 and PLGF in aqueous humour samples collected during surgery were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the surgically excised trabecular tissue; enucleation was performed in 2 eyes, and light microscopy was used as the histopathological control. Results The follow-up period after trabeculectomy was 1 year. Of the 52 eyes, 39 completed 1 year of follow-up, and 13 were lost to follow-up. Recurrence of iris neovascularization was observed in 5 eyes, 9 had hyphema, 16 had filter-bled scarring, and no eye had complications attributable to the drug. The mean IOP was reduced from 48.1±14.2 to 23.2±8.7 mmHg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications used decreased from 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) to 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) after 1 year (both P < 0.05). The complete success rate was 76.9%, 76.9%, 71.0%, 51.6%, and 32.3% at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, respectively, when the cut-off IOP was 18 mmHg. After patients underwent intravitreal injection, the concentrations of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 in the aqueous humour in NVG patients decreased from 168.8±13.4 and 159.6±15.4 pg/ml to 160.2±7.6 and 151.9±2.3 pg/ml, respectively (both P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed neovascularization regression in the iris in specimens treated with intravitreal conbercept. Electron microscopy revealed trabecular endothelial cell degeneration in the conbercept-treated specimens. Conclusions Our initial findings suggest that intravitreal conbercept is an effective treatment for managing NVG that has fewer short-term postoperative complications. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800019918, 8 December 2018, retrospectively registered.
Preoperative CT versus Intraoperative Hybrid DynaCT Imaging for Localization of Small Pulmonary Nodules: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chao Yin Kai , Pan Kuang-Tse , Wen Chih-Tsung , Fang Hsin-Yueh , Hsieh Ming-Ju 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background
Localization of small and/or deep pulmonary nodules before thoracoscopic exploration is paramount to minimize the likelihood of unplanned conversion to thoracotomy. As far as the percutaneous approach is concerned, the most common workflow consists of preoperative computed tomography (POCT) imaging-guided tumor marking (performed in an interventional CT suite) followed by their removal in an operating room (OR). However, the advent of hybrid ORs has allowed intraoperative computed tomography (IOCT)-guided lesion localization. This single center, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial aims to compare the efficacy and safety of IOCT versus POCT.
Methods/design
The study sample will consist of patients presenting with small and/or deep pulmonary nodules who will be randomly allocated to either POCT or IOCT. The time required to complete lesion localization will be the primary efficacy outcome. The following parameters will serve as secondary endpoints: rate of successful targeting during localization and in the operating field, time at risk, operating time, length of time under anesthesia, global operating room utilization time, complication (pneumothorax and hemorrhage) rates, and radiation exposure.
Discussion
Owing to the increased availability of HORs, our data will be crucial to clarify the feasibility and safety of IOCT versus the traditional POCT approach.
Long-term retrospective observation reveals stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in Hebei, China
Authors: Liu Shiyou , Wei Yamei , Han Xu , Cai Yanan , Han Zhanying , Zhang Yanbo , Xu Yonggang , Qi Shunxiang , Li Qi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging zoonotic infectious disease caused by hantaviruses which circulate worldwide. So far, it was still considered as one of serious public health problems in China. The present study aimed to reveal the stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in Hebei province located in North China through a long-term retrospective observation.

Methods

The epidemiological data of HFRS cases from all eleven cities of Hebei province since 1981 through 2016 were collected and descriptively analyzed. The rodent densities, species compositions and virus-carrying rates of different regions were collected from six separated rodent surveillance points which set up since 2007. The molecular diversity and phylogenetic relationship of hantaviruses circulating among rodents were analyzed based on partial viral glycoprotein gene.

Results

HFRS cases have been reported every year in Hebei province, since the first local case was identified in 1981. The epidemic history can be artificially divided into three phases and a total of 55,507 HFRS cases with 374 deaths were reported during 1981-2016. The gender and occupational factors of susceptible population were invarible throughout, however age of that was gradually aging. The annual outbreak peak always present in spring, while the main epidemic region had gradully altered from south to northeast. Surveillance of rodents revealed that residential rodents significantly possessed higher density and virus-carring rate than field rodents. The house rat, Rattus norvegicus, was the dominant rodent species and Seoul virus S3 sub-genotype which is continued but slightly evolving perhaps to be the sole pathogen for local HFRS cases of Hebei province.

Conclusions

This long-term province-wide surveillance and epidemiological analysis has revealed the stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in North China. In order to improve current prevention and control strategies of HFRS in China, all surveillance should be continuously enhanced and variations should be paid more attentions.
Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wu Chenzhou , Yuan Yihang , Liu Hang-hang , Li Shensui , zhang Bowen , Chen Wen , an zijian , chen siyu , wu yongzhi , han bo , li chunjie , li longjiang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Objectives

To systematically reviewing the epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis (PD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and Methods

Four electronic databases were searched up to December, 2018. Manual search including the reference lists of included studies and relevant journals. Observational studies evaluating the relationship between T2DM and PD were included. Meta-analyses were applied using STATA.

Results

A total of 53 observational studies were included. Pooled results of cross-sectional studies found the strength of association between these two diseases was very strong (OR=3.27, p=0.000). Adjusted T2DM prevalence was significantly higher in PD patients (OR=4.04, p=0.000) and vice versa (OR=1.58, p=0.000). T2DM patients had significantly worse periodontal status, reflected in a 0.61mm deeper periodontal pocket, a 0.89mm higher attachment loss and about 2 more lost teeth (all p=0.000). Results of cohort studies found T2DM could elevate 27% risk of developing PD (p=0.000). Glycemic control state of T2DM might result in different PD outcomes. Severe PD increased 53% of incident T2DM (p=0.000) and this result was stable. In contrast, the impact of mild PD on T2DM incidence (RR=1.28, p=0.007) was less robust.

Conclusions

There is an evident bidirectional relationship between T2DM and periodontitis. Further well-designed cohort studies are needed to confirm this.

Clinical Relevance

Both dentists and physicians need to be aware of this strong connection between PD and T2DM. Control these two diseases might benefit the prevention of the incidence of each other.
Oral health status and associated lifestyle behaviors among Iranian adults: a population based household survey
Authors: Jahangiry Leila , Bagheri Raziollah , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Darabi Fatemeh , Sistani Mohammad Mehdi Naghibi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: A poor oral health can lead to serious oral diseases like periodontitis, tooth decay, pain and discomfort in teeth or gums, infection and loss of tooth. Iran will experience a dramatic aging population increase in the next decades. Despite increasing attention into healthy ageing, there is relatively less emphasis on oral health. This household survey aimed to investigate oral health status by WHO oral health assessment questionnaire among adults population in Tabriz. This knowledge may provide vital information to those who are planning strategies of oral health care for adult population.

Method: A population-based household survey was conducted in order to recruit a representative sample of adults from the community. This cross-sectional study carried out among adults aged 18 to 65 years old between May and October 2016 in Tabriz (Iran). The study population was sampled using multi-stage cluster sampling design. The WHO’s oral health questionnaire (WHO’s OHQ) for adults was used for measuring oral health status and oral health behavior.
Results: In this study, a total of 2310 respondents completed the survey. The mean age (SD) of the participants was 41.6 (23.4) years. About 48.8% of participants were male and 51.2% were female. 187 (8.1%) were edentulous of which 152(20.7%) were participants aged 50-65 year. 72.3% of populations were dentate in that they had 20 or more teeth. Half of adults aged 50-65 years they had 20 or more teeth. About one third of participants reported that they don’t brush their teeth daily (23% for 18-35 years old adults, 35.9 for 36-50 years,and 44.6 for 51-65 years).
39.4% of adults in 18-35 years, 34.1% in 36-50 years and 26.6 in 51-65 years had visited a dentist less than 6-month ago. One third of participants have frequent sweets meals every day and frequently consume tea with sugar.
Conclusion: The combination of oral health status indicates that even though the majority of Iranian assess their teeth positively, a minority of participants display routinely dental visits. The study findings suggest that by increasing age and also dramatically Iranian population aging, poor oral health may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes.
Association Between HEXACO Personality Traits and Medical Specialty Preferences in Mexican Medical Students
Authors: Barbosa-Camacho Francisco José , Miranda-Ackerman Roberto Carlos , Vázquez-Reyna Itzel , Jimenez-Ley Vania Brickelia , Barrera-López Francisco Javier , Contreras-Cordero Vianca Seleste , Sánchez-López Veronica Alexandra , Castillo-Valverde Tom Jilmer , Lamas-Abbadie Claudina del Carmen , González-Adán Brenda Alicia , Cortes-Flores Ana Olivia , Morgan-Villela Gilberto , Cervantes-Cardona Guillermo Alonso , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde , González-Ojeda Alejandro 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Medical specialty is a critical choice in a physician’s life because it determines their professional future and medical practice. Some are motivated to choose a specific specialty based on the monetary gain it can provide; others are inspired by seeing the work performed by a physician or a patient’s recovery. It is not uncommon to stereotype doctors’ personalities by their specialty.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey study in which we administered the 100-item HEXACO-Personality Inventory-R to 292 medical students between September 2018 and March 2019. We evaluated six different domains of personality traits. We also included questions about their medical specialty of choice, their least preferred specialty, and the motivation behind these choices. The participants included 175 women (59.9%) and 117 men (40.1%).
Results: When participants were asked about their preferred type of medical specialty, 52.4% indicated a preference for surgical specialties (surgical group) versus 47.6% who preferred clinical specialties (clinical group). We found that the surgical group showed a tendency toward higher scores for the extroversion (p = 0.004) and organization (p = 0.004) scales; while the clinical group presented higher scores in the honesty–humility (p = 0.038), emotionality (p = 0.048), and agreeableness (p = 0.014) scales. We identified critical differences within the overall group of medical students by sex and between medical specialty preference.
Conclusions: Some classical stereotypes were confirmed by our results, such as surgical specialists being more prone to being extroverted and organized, while clinical specialists were prone to being more introverted, anxious, and more emotionally attached to their patients.