bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding the fuel of the Arab Spring fire: a historical data analysis
Authors: Ahner Darryl , Brantley Luke 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to address the reasons behind the varying levels of volatile conflict and peace as seen during the Arab Spring of 2011 to 2015. During this time, higher rates of conflict transition occurred than normally observed in previous studies for certain Middle Eastern and North African countries.Design/methodology/approachPrevious prediction models decrease in accuracy during times of volatile conflict transition. Also, proper strategies for handling the Arab Spring have been highly debated. This paper identifies which countries were affected by the Arab Spring and then applies data analysis techniques to predict a country’s tendency to suffer from high-intensity, violent conflict. A large number of open-source variables are incorporated by implementing an imputation methodology useful to conflict prediction studies in the future. The imputed variables are implemented in four model building techniques: purposeful selection of covariates, logical selection of covariates, principal component regression and representative principal component regression resulting in modeling accuracies exceeding 90 per cent.FindingsAnalysis of the models produced by the four techniques supports hypotheses which propose political opportunity and quality of life factors as causations for increased instability following the Arab Spring.Originality/valueOf particular note is that the paper addresses the reasons behind the varying levels of volatile conflict and peace as seen during the Arab Spring of 2011 to 2015 through data analytics. This paper considers various open-source, readily available data for inclusion in multiple models of identified Arab Spring nations in addition to implementing a novel imputation methodology useful to conflict prediction studies in the future.
“I’m a stay at home businesswoman”: an insight into informal entrepreneurship in Jordan
Authors: Mehtap Salime , Ozmenekse Leyla , Caputo Andrea 
Published: October 2018

PurposeWomen and disadvantaged minorities within emerging and developing economies often resort to business activity within the informal economy as a way to overcome various barriers and challenges to formal workforce participation. This paper aims to explore the characteristics, motives, barriers and challenges of female engagement in informal business activities in Jordan.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative analysis used in this paper is based upon empirical findings from semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 14 female informal entrepreneurs in Amman, Jordan.FindingsThe study revealed that informal female entrepreneurs tend to be both opportunity- and necessity-driven. Generating profit and contributing to the household income seems to be their main motive. Their businesses were funded either through personal savings or from their social network (e.g. husband, family and friends). Promotion of the business relied mostly on word-of-mouth or social media. High inflation, high competition, time pressures and lack of business skills were cited as the biggest challenges. Besides being content with the status quo, lack of knowledge about the procedures for registering a business and fear of bureaucracy were among the main reasons for not legalizing their activities.Originality/valueThere are very few studies that analyse informal micro-entrepreneurship in the Arab world, particularly in the Jordanian context, which is of growing interest due to low number of women in the workforce and the growing number of refugees in the country. This study therefore presents new knowledge around women’s informal micro-entrepreneurship in Jordan and provides recommendations for further research and policy-making.
Determinants of halal purchasing behaviour: evidences from China
Authors: Hong Meenchee , Sun Sizhong , Beg A.B.M. Rabiul , Zhou Zhangyue 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
With a fast-growing Muslim population and consumer income, the demand for halal products by Chinese Muslims has expanded strongly. However, literature addressing Chinese Muslims’ consumption is limited, and their demand for halal products is little understood. This study aims to investigate what affects Chinese Muslims’ demand for halal products, with a focus on halal personal care products.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey of 500 respondents was conducted to collect cross-sectional data in northwest China. Data were processed and analysed with a logit model.

Findings
Apart from faithfulness, reliability of recommendations, product price, product availability and halal authenticity are most important determinants influencing the purchase of halal products by Chinese Muslims.

Research limitations/implications
In this study, the focus is only on Muslims from China’s Northwest. Due to various constraints, the cluster and convenience sampling methods are used.

Practical implications
The findings are invaluable for governments and industry bodies to form policies to better meet the burgeoning demand for halal products by Chinese Muslims. They are also very invaluable for producers and exporters who intend to penetrate the halal market in non-Muslim-dominant countries like China.

Originality/value
Studies on understanding the needs of Muslims in non-Muslim countries are limited. Given the sheer size of the Muslim population in China, understanding their demand for halal products and influential determinants concerning such demand adds to the literature and helps the industry to better serve and capitalise on the growing market.
Whistle-blowing intentions and behaviour in Ugandan public procurement
Authors: Tumuramye Brenda , Ntayi Joseph Mpeera , Muhwezi Moses 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the whistle-blowing behaviour in Ugandan public procurement by using whistle-blowing supporting institutions, procuring and disposing entity (PDE) ethical climate and whistle-blowing expectancy.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted using a sample of 118 drawn from a population of 179 central government (PDEs). Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, resulting in 222 usable questionnaires from 70 PDEs, representing a response rate of 62.71 per cent.FindingsThe results reveal that the whistle-blowing supporting institutions and PDE ethical climate are significant predictors of whistle-blowing intentions and behaviour, accounting for 30.2 per cent of the variance. The authors therefore recommend that whistle-blowing supporting institutions, like the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, should be reviewed and strengthened to promote whistle-blowing intentions and behaviour. This could be done through reviewing the Act to make it enforceable, giving power to the whistle-blowers, strengthening policies, developing safeguards against retaliation by making every chief executive officer in the public sector accountable, increasing whistle-blowing incentives and providing whistle-blowing hotlines for anonymous whistle-blowers. PDEs should also create conducive ethical climates that encourage people to voice their concerns internally or externally, and ethical committees should be established within PDEs and other bodies such as the Inspector General of Government for ensuring that whistle-blowing systems are in place and promoted. There is a need to increase whistle-blowing expectancy through the effective handling of reported cases to their conclusion and the use of role models.
An experimental study into the effects of self-disclosure and crisis type on brand evaluations – the mediating effect of blame attributions
Authors: Hegner Sabrina M. , Beldad Ardion D. , Hulzink Ruth 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Brands facing a crisis have to decide whether to disclose crisis-related information themselves or to wait and take the risk that a third party breaks the news. While brands might benefit from self-disclosing the information, it is likely that the impact of crisis communication on customers’ evaluation of the brand depends on the type of crisis. This study aims to investigate the influence of type of crisis on the relationshp between disclosure and brand outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
A 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment with 180 Dutch participants was conducted.

Findings
Results show that self-disclosure of a negative incident positively affects consumers’ attitude, trust and purchase intention compared to third-party disclosure. Additionally, disclosure and crisis type interact. In times of a product-harm crisis, self-disclosure does not represent an advantage to third party disclosure, while in times of a moral-harm crisis disclosure by the brand is able to maintain customers’ positive attitude towards and trust in the brand compared to disclosure by a third party. Moreover, blame attribution mediates the effect of crisis type on brand evaluations.

Originality/value
Recent research indicates that self-disclosing crisis information instead of waiting until thunder strikes has beneficial effects for a brand in times of crisis. However, these studies use the context of product-harm crises, which neglects the possible impact of moral-harm crises. Furthermore, this study adds the impact of blame attributions as a mediator in this context.
Blending the past and present in a retro branded music concert: the impact of nostalgia proneness
Authors: Hallegatte Damien , Ertz Myriam , Marticotte François 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Retro branding is gaining unprecedented momentum. This study aims to empirically examine the moderating impact of nostalgia proneness on the relationship between retro branding and consumer behavioral intentions in the music industry. Nostalgia and retro branding are two paramount elements conceptually discussed in literature but rarely investigated together empirically despite their interconnections.

Design/methodology/approach
An experiment including four different scenarios blending retro and contemporary stimuli was conducted on 181 subjects. Two rock band variables were manipulated: song set list (i.e. list of songs) and band lineup.

Findings
The findings suggest that mixing the past and present for a retro brand impacts consumer behavior. A more nuanced explanation is suggested by showing that a retro brand has a strong effect on consumers’ intentions to attend and willingness to pay, but not on their WOM intentions, when these consumers are more prone to feeling nostalgia.

Originality/value
Nostalgia and retro branding appear to be interconnected concepts, but few studies have assessed how nostalgia proneness can impact consumers’ intentions toward a retro brand. Fewer have investigated consumers’ intentions toward an experiential, intangible retro brand.
Spam classification: a comparative analysis of different boosted decision tree approaches
Authors: Trivedi Shrawan Kumar , Panigrahi Prabin Kumar 
Published: October 2018

PurposeEmail spam classification is now becoming a challenging area in the domain of text classification. Precise and robust classifiers are not only judged by classification accuracy but also by sensitivity (correctly classified legitimate emails) and specificity (correctly classified unsolicited emails) towards the accurate classification, captured by both false positive and false negative rates. This paper aims to present a comparative study between various decision tree classifiers (such as AD tree, decision stump and REP tree) with/without different boosting algorithms (bagging, boosting with re-sample and AdaBoost).Design/methodology/approachArtificial intelligence and text mining approaches have been incorporated in this study. Each decision tree classifier in this study is tested on informative words/features selected from the two publically available data sets (SpamAssassin and LingSpam) using a greedy step-wise feature search method.FindingsOutcomes of this study show that without boosting, the REP tree provides high performance accuracy with the AD tree ranking as the second-best performer. Decision stump is found to be the under-performing classifier of this study. However, with boosting, the combination of REP tree and AdaBoost compares favourably with other classification models. If the metrics false positive rate and performance accuracy are taken together, AD tree and REP tree with AdaBoost were both found to carry out an effective classification task. Greedy stepwise has proven its worth in this study by selecting a subset of valuable features to identify the correct class of emails.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is focussed on the classification of those email spams that are written in the English language only. The proposed models work with content (words/features) of email data that is mostly found in the body of the mail. Image spam has not been included in this study. Other messages such as short message service or multi-media messaging service were not included in this study.Practical implicationsIn this research, a boosted decision tree approach has been proposed and used to classify email spam and ham files; this is found to be a highly effective approach in comparison with other state-of-the-art modes used in other studies. This classifier may be tested for different applications and may provide new insights for developers and researchers.Originality/valueA comparison of decision tree classifiers with/without ensemble has been presented for spam classification.
Executive compensation and compensation risk: evidence from technology firms
Authors: Dunn Paul , He Zhongzhi , Trabelsi Samir , Yu Zhimin (Jimmy) 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to investigate factors that contribute to technology firms paying higher compensation than non-technology firms, and why the mix of compensation at technology firms is different than the compensation packages at non-technology firms.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a sample of 1,009 firm-year observations for the five-year period from 2001 to 2005 and random-effects regression models.FindingsIt was found that the total compensation paid to the CEOs of technology firms is higher than the total compensation paid to the CEOs of non-technology firms, and that the value of the stock options granted to the former is greater than the value of the stock options granted to the latter.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are largely consistent with the labour market efficiency perspective. The higher compensation paid to CEOs in technology firms seems to be commensurate with the higher compensation risk that CEOs in technology firms bear.Practical implicationsCompensation designers should consider both the benefits and costs of granting stock and stock options to executives. An increased portion of stock options definitely aligns the interests of shareholders and CEOs together, and could maximize the retentive effect if CEOs have a significant amount of their wealth in unvested in-the-money options.Social implicationsConsistent with the literature, a CEO could earn much higher pay if he or she also serves as the chair of the board of directors. Practically, firms do not require all governance mechanisms. They just require one set of suitable governance mechanisms.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to investigate factors that contribute to technology firms paying higher compensation than non-technology firms, and that do explain why the mix of compensation at technology firms is different than the compensation packages at non-technology firms.
CVaR-based risk assessment and control of the agricultural supply chain
Authors: Yan Bo , Wu Jiwen , Wang Fengling 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish an effective risk assessment approach based on the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) in the agricultural supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach
This study analyzes and assesses the risks of breeding, processing, transportation and warehousing in the agricultural supply chain. The ordered weighted averaging operator is used to sort risk control factors according to their importance and determine the main risk indicators of an enterprise. The CVaR model is utilized to establish the risk loss function, and an improved genetic algorithm is employed to identify the optimal risk control portfolios in the case of the smallest risk loss.

Findings
Based on the approach, the optimal combination of risk control to minimize risk losses is determined. Results show that the proportion of capital investment in risk control differs at three confidence levels, and a large amount of money needs to be invested in the production process at the source. Thus, any attempt to control the risks inherent in the agricultural supply chain must begin with the production process at the source.

Originality/value
Supply chain risk management has become increasingly important and significant to the operation and production of enterprises in recent years. The proposed method to assess the risk in the agricultural supply chain can benefit managers in making smart decisions to control total risk.
Purchase experience and involvement for risk perception in online group buying
Authors: Li Weiwei , Yuan Yang 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to explore the factors that influence the risk perception. The moderating roles of purchase experience and purchase involvement are also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual model is framed into the SOR (stimulus-organism-response) model, which was tested using data collected from the users of a leading group buying platform in China, with the help of LISREL.

Findings
The result indicates that both vendor- and intermediary-related factors exert negative yet significant influences on perceived risk. The relationships between vendor-related attributes and perceived risk are contingent on purchase involvement. The relationships between intermediary-related attributes and perceived risk are subject to purchase experience.

Originality/value
This study explores the moderating effects of purchase experience and purchase involvement based on the characteristics of group buying, demonstrating the differences from traditional online shopping.
Teaching evaluation and student response rate
Authors: Ahmad Tashfeen 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to share the author’s viewpoint on how to increase student response rate in course evaluation surveys.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach is to highlight measures which increased student response rate in online surveys of the author’s teaching evaluation at The University of the West Indies, Jamaica.

Findings
This viewpoint suggests that student response rate to course evaluation can be improved by the lecturer’s effective communication. The examples of effective communication are given in this paper.

Originality/value
This work will encourage the lecturers to initiate more student engagement to improve response rate of their teaching evaluation.
A decision support system for additive manufacturing process selection using a hybrid multiple criteria decision-making method
Authors: Wang Yuanbin , Zhong Ray Y. , Xu Xun 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Additive manufacturing (AM) has been increasingly used in various applications in recent years. However, it is still challenge when it comes to selecting a suitable AM process. This is because the outcome may vary due to not only different materials and printers but also different parameters and post-processes. This paper aims to develop an efficient method to help users understand trade-offs and make right decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
A hybrid method is proposed to help users select appropriate options from a large-scale and discrete option space in an interactive way. First, the design-by-shopping approach is applied to allow users exploring and refining the option space. The analytical hierarchical process method is then used to capture customers’ preferences. After analyzing the results of different normalization methods, a modified Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach is proposed to rank solutions and provide suggestions.

Findings
The usefulness of proposed method is illustrated in a case study. The results show that it can help customers understand performance distributions and find most suitable options accurately. The ranking of the modified TOPSIS method is more reasonable.

Originality/value
Due to the complexity of AM technologies, the process selection is considered at the parameter level. A new system framework is proposed for decision support. The TOPSIS method is modified to achieve a stable performance.
Let’s chat: the art of virtual reference instruction
Authors: Hervieux Sandy , Tummon Nikki 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the instances of information literacy instruction within the virtual reference system of a Canadian university library.

Design/methodology/approach
Coding and analysis of a sample of chat transcripts over the course of one academic year have been used.

Findings
The analysis indicated that over 50 per cent of virtual reference interactions do not lend themselves to information literacy instruction. An average of 23.6 per cent of interactions included information literacy instruction and the preferred methods of instruction were modelling and resource sharing.

Originality/value
While previous studies have focused on information literacy instruction provided in a virtual reference setting, this study aims to identify not only instances of information literacy but also to better understand the nature of chat queries by codifying instances of a transactional nature. The results could lead to improved best practices for chat reference, enhanced staff training and varied promotion and delivery of not just virtual reference services but of other library services as well. A portion of this research project, including partial results for the Fall semester, was presented at the LILAC Conference in Liverpool in April 2018.
LGBTI staff, and diversity within the Australian accounting profession
Authors: Egan Matthew 
Published: October 2018

PurposeLarge accounting firms lay claim today to a broad focus on staff diversity and inclusion. Related initiatives focus on gender, culture, age and sexuality. This paper aims to seek insight from publicly available discourse provided by the “Big 4” in Australia (Deloitte, Ernst and Young, KPMG and PwC), along with two second-tier firms, into the nature and drivers of diversity initiatives for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) staff.Design/methodology/approachWeb-based discourse provided as at May 2017 is examined and analysed.FindingsAll six firms provided a range of related disclosures, suggesting that a cultural shift for LGBTI staff was underway. Detail provided on actual policies and procedures was limited, and a struggle was suggested, between balancing the needs of diverse staff, with concerns for some, perhaps, more conservative clients. Some repositioning of arguments was suggested, focussed on shifting responsibility to staff and on shifting the object of celebration from staff to the firm.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to an interpretation of carefully constructed publicly disclosed statements. Further studies could explore the lived experience of these apparent changes with staff.Practical implicationsRecruitment and staff retention continue to be on-going challenges within the accounting profession. This study provides insight into initiatives targeted to support LGBTI staff.Social implicationsAvailing space to bring ‘whole selves’ into the workplace is an important element of creating a pleasant, comfortable and engaging environment for staff. This study provides insight into the perspective of employers on the importance of such initiatives.Originality/valueLittle attention has been directed to exploring sexual diversity in the workplace or to sexuality within accounting studies.