bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propagation of Surfactant‐Dispersed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Porous Media
Authors: Chen Changlong , Wang Shengbo , Wang Shuoshi , Yuan Na , Li Keren , Shiau Bor‐Jier , Harwell Jeffrey H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the transport of carbon nanotubes in porous media is essential to their applications in subsurface reservoirs, e.g., delivering catalysts or chemicals to targeted formations. In this study, a series of laboratory experiments are conducted to explore the transport of surfactant‐dispersed multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT) in different porous media in flow‐through columns at elevated electrolyte levels. Noncovalent bonding of ethoxylated alcohols adsorbed on the MWNT surface provides them with outstanding dispersion stability and excellent transport properties in a crushed‐limestone sand pack. Superior transport performance in silica sand is obtained with binary nonionic–anionic surfactant formulations, which provide both steric repulsion and electrostatic repulsion between nanoparticle–nanoparticle and nanoparticle–sand surface. The mobility of MWNT suspensions are further investigated in the exposure to multiphase flow, e.g., with residual oil present, or coinjected with air into the sand pack. Coinjecting surfactant‐dispersed MWNT suspensions with air (i.e., MWNT‐stabilized foams) has hardly any impact on their propagation; retention in the sand pack remains quite low. With the presence of oil in the sand pack, the transport of MWNT suspensions is highly dependent on the type of surfactants used as the dispersant. For surfactants that achieved modest interfacial tension (IFT) reduction, the injected MWNT suspension bypasses the oil phase, and little impact on retention is observed. When the dispersant surfactant is also adjusted for an ultralow IFT condition, greater MWNT retention in the porous medium is observed because surfactants detach from the MWNT surface and aggressively partition to the oil/water interface, allowing the MWNT to flocculate and become deposited in the porous medium.
A review on blockchain applications in the agri‐food sector
Authors: Antonucci Francesca , Figorilli Simone , Costa Corrado , Pallottino Federico , Raso Luciano , Menesatti Paolo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood security can benefit from the technology's transparency, relatively low transaction costs and instantaneous applications. A blockchain is a distributed database of records in the form of encrypted blocks, or a public ledger of all transactions or digital events that have been executed and shared among participating parties and can be verified at any time in the future. Generally, the robust and decentralized functionality of the blockchain is used for global financial systems, but it can easily be expanded to contracts and operations such as tracking of the global supply chain. In the precision agriculture context, Information and Communications Technology can be further implemented with a blockchain infrastructure to enable new farm systems and e‐agriculture schemes.RESULTSThe purpose of this review is to show a panorama of the scientific studies (enriched by a terms mapping analysis) on the use of blockchain in the agri‐food sector, from both an entirely computational and an applicative point of view. As evidenced by the network analysis, the reviewed studies mainly focused on software aspects (e.g. the architecture and smart contracts). However, some aspects regarding the different blockchain knots (computers always connected to the blockchain network) having the role to store and distribute an updated copy of each block in a food supply‐chain, result of crucial importance.CONCLUSIONThese technologies appear very promising and rich of great potential showing a good flexibility for applications in several sectors but still immature and hard to apply due to their complexity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Citric‐acid modified banana starch nanoparticles as a novel vehicle for β‐carotene delivery
Authors: Santoyo‐Aleman Daniela , Sanchez Leidy T , Villa Cristian C 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDStarch nanoparticles have become among the most interesting nanovehicles for drug delivery because of their relatively easy synthesis, biocompatibility, and numerous botanical sources. Starch nanoparticles obtained from green bananas were cross‐linked with citric acid and loaded with β‐carotene.RESULTSMean particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and β‐carotene release in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and food simulants were studied. Cross‐linked nanoparticles showed higher loading efficiency and encapsulation capacity, indicating that they can accommodate more molecules than their unmodified counterparts, while mathematical models showed a diffusion of released β‐carotene into food simulant media.CONCLUSIONSCross‐linked nanoparticles showed more controlled release under gastric conditions, mainly in the simulated intestinal fluid, indicating that they are suitable as vehicles for intestine‐specific targeting. This controlled released was also observed in food simulants, with lower release values in the more aqueous simulants. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines based on fingerprinting
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Jiang Wenwen , Su Mei , Sun Yue , Liu Hongming , Nie Lei , Zang Hengchang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe usage of traditional Chinese medicines has expanded globally, but the data about authentication, efficacy, and safety is far from sufficient to meet the criteria supporting their use worldwide due to complexity in the composition. Fingerprinting describes integral characterization and reflects interactive aspects of complex components; therefore, it can offer the possibility of evaluating quality of traditional Chinese medicines following the overall principle. Chemometric techniques introduce multivariate analytical methods into fingerprinting to obtain more information that is useful, which is consistent with the holistic thought and plays an important role in research on the substantial basis. In this review, we will start with three aspects to expound the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines based on fingerprints. The analytical techniques used in developing fingerprints including chromatographic methods, spectroscopic methods, and capillary electrophoresis are introduced. Strategies for fingerprints analysis usually based on chemometric methods including unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition are described. Applications of fingerprints for multi‐component quantification, quality control, screening of bioactive components, and fingerprint‐efficacy relationship study are also outlined. Finally, we propose challenges and future perspectives of fingerprints in quality evaluation to promote the development of modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicines.
Comparison of three‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction based on reverse micelle with conventional two‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction and their applications for analysis of cinnamic acids in traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Liu Zhao‐chan , Zhang Shu‐mei , Wang Run‐qin , Chen Xuan , Hu Shuang , Bai Xiao‐hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel three‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction was developed based on reverse micelle as extraction solvent and acceptor phase, and compared with conventional two‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction. Both procedures were used in the extraction and concentration of four cinnamic acids (caffeic acid, p‐hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid) in traditional Chinese medicines prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. Parameters affecting the two procedures were investigated and optimized to obtain the optimum enrichment factors. The mechanism of the developed procedure was explored and elucidated by comparison with conventional two‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction. Under the optimized conditions, the analytes’ enrichment factors were between 50 and 118 for the proposed procedure, and 31–96 for conventional two‐phase mode. Satisfactory linear ranges (r2 ≥ 0.99), detection limits (0.1–0.6 ng/mL), precisions (<9.2%), and accuracies (recoveries: 80–123.1%) were observed for the two procedures. The results showed that the enrichment capacity of the proposed procedure for the cinnamic acids is better than that of conventional two‐phase procedure, and both are eco‐friendly, simple, and effective for the enrichment and detection of cinnamic acids in traditional Chinese medicines.
Impact of Temporary Portocaval Shunting and Initial Arterial Reperfusion in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: Pietersen Lars Cornelis , Sarton Elise , Alwayn Ian , Lam Hwai‐Ding , Putter Hein , van Hoek Bart , Braat Andries Erik 
Published: July 2019

The use of a temporary portocaval shunt (TPCS) as well as the order of reperfusion (initial arterial reperfusion [IAR] versus initial portal reperfusion) in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is controversial and, therefore, still under debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcome for the 4 possible combinations (temporary portocaval shunt with initial arterial reperfusion [A+S+], temporary portocaval shunt with initial portal reperfusion, no temporary portocaval shunt with initial arterial reperfusion, and no temporary portocaval shunt with initial portal reperfusion) in a center‐based cohort study, including liver transplantations (LTs) from both donation after brain death and donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors. The primary outcome was the perioperative transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs), and the secondary outcomes were operative time and patient and graft survival. Between January 2005 and May 2017, all first OLTs performed in our institution were included in the 4 groups mentioned. With IAR and TPCS, a significantly lower perioperative transfusion of RBCs was seen (P < 0.001) as well as a higher number of recipients without any transfusion of RBCs (P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed laboratory Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (P < 0.001) and IAR (P = 0.01) to be independent determinants of the transfusion of RBCs. When comparing all groups, no statistical difference was seen in operative time or in 1‐year patient and graft survival rates despite more LTs with a liver from a DCD donor in the A+S+ group (P = 0.005). In conclusion, next to a lower laboratory MELD score, the use of IAR leads to a significantly lower need for perioperative blood transfusion. There was no significant interaction between IAR and TPCS. Furthermore, the use of a TPCS and/or IAR does not lead to increased operative time and is therefore a reasonable alternative surgical strategy.
An examination of the congruence and incongruence between employee actual and customer perceived emotional labor
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Yu , Wang Jing , Zhao Chen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study examines the effects of the congruence and incongruence between employee actual and customer perceived emotional labor on customer trust. Based on data collected from 510 service employee and customer dyads in restaurants, the results of response surface modeling indicate that customer trust is higher when employee deep acting and customer perceived deep acting are both high rather than both low. Customer trust is also higher when customer perceived deep acting is higher than employee actual deep acting rather than vice versa. The effects are different in surface acting: as employee surface acting and customer perceived surface acting increase, customer trust initially decreases, then increases, exhibiting a U‐shaped effect. Implications for both theory and practice are discussed.
rs12416605:C>T in MIR938 associates with gastric cancer through affecting the regulation of the CXCL12 chemokine gene
Authors: Torruella‐Loran Ignasi , Ramirez Viña María Karla , Zapata‐Contreras Daniela , Muñoz Xavier , Garcia‐Ramallo Eva , Bonet Catalina , Gonzalez Carlos A. , Sala Núria , Espinosa‐Parrilla Yolanda ,   on behalf of the EPIC gastric cancer working group
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs are small regulatory RNAs with important roles in carcinogenesis. Genetic variants in these regulatory molecules may contribute to disease. We aim to identify allelic variants in microRNAs as susceptibility factors to gastric cancer using association studies and functional approaches.MethodsTwenty‐one single nucleotide variants potentially functional, because of their location in either the seed, mature or precursor region of 22 microRNAs, were selected for association studies. Genetic association with gastric cancer in 365 cases and 1,284 matched controls (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort) was analysed using logistic regression. MicroRNA overexpression, transcriptome analysis, and target gene validation experiments were performed for functional studies.Resultsrs3746444:T>C, in the seed of MIR499A and mature MIR499B, associated with the cardia adenocarcinoma location; rs12416605:C>T, in the seed of MIR938, associated with the diffuse subtype; and rs2114358:T>C, in the precursor MIR1206, associated with the noncardia phenotype. In all cases, the association was inverse, indicating a protective affect against gastric cancer of the three minor allelic variants. MIR499 rs3746444:T>C and MIR1206 rs2114358:T>C are reported to affect the expression of these miRNAs, but the effect of MIR938 rs12416605:C>T is unknown yet. Functional approaches showed that the expression of MIR938 is affected by rs12416605:C>T and revealed that MIR938 could regulate a subset of cancer‐related genes in an allele‐specific fashion. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CXCL12, a chemokine participating in gastric cancer metastasis, is specifically regulated by only one of the rs12416605:C>T alleles.Conclusionrs12416605 appears to be involved in gastric cancer by affecting the regulatory function of MIR938 on genes related to this cancer type, particularly on CXCL12 posttranscriptional regulation.
A continual beam scanning periodic composite right/left handed leaky wave antenna with the open‐stopband suppressed
Authors: Zhang Chaoqun , Zhang Mingyu , Gong Jianqiang , Wang Yuhao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article, a periodic leaky wave antenna is proposed, which is in essence 10 series‐connected composite right/left handed unit‐cells with symmetrical slots and metallic pins. An investigation on suppressing the open‐stopband is presented. By adjusting the locations of the pins and the widths of the slots, the frequency‐balancing condition is satisfied. The dispersion diagrams are obtained to reveal the radiation characteristics. A typical model is fabricated and measured to validate the design concept. The model realizes continual backward to forward main‐beam scanning from about 6.2 GHz to 8.6 GHz with a gain of 9.48dBi at broadside at 7.2 GHz. No significant degradation of the gain is observed at broadside, implying that the open‐stopband is suppressed.
Fast model‐based T2 mapping using SAR‐reduced simultaneous multislice excitation
Authors: Hilbert Tom , Schulz Jenni , Marques José P. , Thiran Jean‐Philippe , Krueger Gunnar , Norris David G. , Kober Tobias 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo obtain whole‐brain high‐resolution T2 maps in 2 minutes by combining simultaneous multislice excitation and low‐power PINS (power independent of number of slices) refocusing pulses with undersampling and a model‐based reconstruction.MethodsA multi‐echo spin‐echo sequence was modified to acquire multiple slices simultaneously, ensuring low specific absorption rate requirements. In addition, the acquisition was undersampled to achieve further acceleration. Data were reconstructed by subsequently applying parallel imaging to separate signals from different slices, and a model‐based reconstruction to estimate quantitative T2 from the undersampled data. The signal model used is based on extended phase graph simulations that also account for nonideal slice profiles and B1 inhomogeneity. In vivo experiments with 3 healthy subjects were performed to compare accelerated T2 maps to fully sampled single‐slice acquisitions. The accuracy of the T2 values was assessed with phantom experiments by comparing the T2 values to single‐echo spin‐echo measurements.ResultsIn vivo results showed that conventional multi‐echo spin‐echo, simultaneous multislice, and undersampling result in similar mean T2 values within regions of interest. However, combining simultaneous multislice and undersampling results in higher SDs (about 7 ms) in comparison to a conventional sequence (about 3 ms). The T2 values were reproducible between scan and rescan (SD < 1.2 ms) within subjects and were in similar ranges across subjects (SD < 4.5 ms).ConclusionThe proposed method is a fast T2 mapping technique that enables whole‐brain acquisitions at 0.7‐mm in‐plane resolution, 3‐mm slice thickness, and low specific absorption rate in 2 minutes.
SHORE‐based detection and imputation of dropout in diffusion MRI
Authors: Koch Alexandra , Zhukov Andrei , Stöcker Tony , Groeschel Samuel , Schultz Thomas 
Published: July 2019

PurposeIn diffusion MRI, dropout refers to a strong attenuation of the measured signal that is caused by bulk motion during the diffusion encoding. When left uncorrected, dropout will be erroneously interpreted as high diffusivity in the affected direction. We present a method to automatically detect dropout, and to replace the affected measurements with imputed values.MethodsSignal dropout is detected by deriving an outlier score from a simple harmonic oscillator‐based reconstruction and estimation (SHORE) fit of all measurements. The outlier score is defined to detect measurements that are substantially lower than predicted by SHORE in a relative sense, while being less sensitive to measurement noise in cases of weak baseline signal. A second SHORE fit is based on detected inliers only, and its predictions are used to replace outliers.ResultsOur method is shown to reliably detect and accurately impute dropout in simulated data, and to achieve plausible results in corrupted in vivo dMRI measurements. Computational effort is much lower than with previously proposed alternatives.ConclusionsDeriving a suitable outlier score from SHORE results in a fast and accurate method for detection and imputation of dropout in diffusion MRI. It requires measurements with multiple b values (such as multi‐shell or DSI), but is independent from the models used for analysis (such as DKI, NODDI, deconvolution, etc.).
Regulatory system of mGluR group II in the nucleus accumbens for methamphetamine‐induced dopamine increase by the medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Haddar Meriem , Uno Kyosuke , Hamatani Kohei , Muramatsu Shin‐ichi , Nitta Atsumi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimWe previously reported that methamphetamine (METH)‐induced conditioned place preference was attenuated by Shati/Nat8l overexpression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Shati/Nat8l overexpression in the mPFC expressed lower levels of both glutamate and dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and attenuated METH‐induced DA elevation. We suggested a mechanism in which a decline of glutamate levels in the NAc decreases extracellular DA levels. However, the hypothesis has not confirmed.MethodsWe conducted a recovery experiments by pre‐microinjection of an mGluR group II antagonist, LY341495, into the NAc shell of mPFC‐Shati/Nat8l‐overexpressed mice followed by METH injection and DA levels measurement by in vivo microdialysis.ResultsPretreatment with LY341495 was able to restore METH‐induced DA increase. Furthermore, mice injected with an adeno‐associated virus vector containing GFP (AAV‐GFP vector) in the mPFC expressed a colocalization of GFP with DARPP‐32 a medium spiny neuron (MSN) marker. Next, co‐immunostaining of DARPP‐32 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS: expressed in a subtype of gamma‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA interneurons) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) showed a colocalization of nNOS and DARPP‐32.ConclusionThese results provided a proof that Shati/Nat8l attenuation of METH‐induced DA increase is mediated by mGluR group II in the NAc. Moreover, immunohistochemical study showed a direct connection of mPFC projection neurons with NAc MSN and a connection of MSN projection neurons with a subtype of GABA interneurons in VTA.
A psychosocial clinical care pathway for pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kazak Anne E. , Swain Avi Madan , Canter Kimberly , Vega Gabriela , Joffe Naomi , Deatrick Janet A. , Kolb E. Anders , Chewning Joseph , Pai Ahna L.H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveCurrently, no evidence‐based psychosocial clinical care pathways (PCCP) exist to triage psychosocial risk levels and guide delivery of psychosocial care to youth receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and their families. The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of qualitative research methodologies to develop PCCP in pediatric HCT consistent with the Standards for Psychosocial Care developed for children with cancer.MethodsWe previously used qualitative methodologies to interview parents to identify four principles to inform the development of PCCPs. Then in this study a focus group with parents and multidisciplinary clinicians was conducted to assess the acceptability of the PCCP, suggest modifications, and provide input on its use.ResultsThe PCCP is six‐step pathway, starting with a standardized screening assessment with the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT‐HCT) that identifies the family's specific care needs. The focus group data support overall assessment with the PAT‐HCT and the care principles underlying this approach.ConclusionsThis PCCP is a systemic multidisciplinary model for providing psychosocial care that is ready for the next stage of development and evaluation in clinical care.
When “a headache is not just a headache”: A qualitative examination of parent and child experiences of pain after childhood cancer
Authors: Tutelman Perri R. , Chambers Christine T. , Urquhart Robin , Fernandez Conrad V. , Heathcote Lauren C. , Noel Melanie , Flanders Annette , Guilcher Gregory M.T. , Schulte Fiona , Stinson Jennifer N. , MacLeod Julia , Stern Maya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveToday, more than 80% of children diagnosed with cancer are expected to survive. Despite the high prevalence of pain associated with the diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer, there is a limited understanding of how having cancer shapes children's experience and meaning of pain after treatment has ended. This study addresses this gap by exploring childhood cancer survivors' (CCS') experiences of pain from their perspective and the perspective of their parents.MethodsTwenty semi‐structured interviews were completed with CCS (50% female; mean age = 13.20 y, range = 8‐17 y) and their parents (90% mothers). Data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis.ResultsAnalyses revealed three superordinate themes present in the data: (a) pain is a changed experience after childhood cancer; (b) new or ambiguous pains may be interpreted by CCS and parents as a threat of disease recurrence, late effects, or a secondary cancer; and (c) pain interpretation occurs within the broader context of how CCS and parents appraise their cancer experience. Parents generally appraised their child's cancer and pain as more threatening and were influential in guiding their child's interpretations.ConclusionsThe cancer experience played an important role in shaping CCS' and their parents' experience and interpretation of pain in survivorship. This study provides novel data to inform the development and refinement of new and existing conceptual models of pain and symptom perception after cancer. The results also point to key areas for future investigation and clinical intervention to address the issue of pain in cancer survivorship.