bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monetization and Relational Structures: The Diffusion of Checks in Buenos Aires During the Emergence of the Banking System
Authors: Wasserman Martín L. E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMeans of exchange holding legal tender are not the unique means of payment that materialize currency. Any device accepted by the creditor enables exchanges, even when different instruments have different scope of liquidity and diverse broadness of acceptance. Therefore, admission by economic actors appears to be the ultimate criteria to embody monetary attributes into a material instrument, conferring its function as means of payment. In this sense, the agency of involved actors is critical to understand the emergence of new financial devices derived from institutional changes. This chapter aims to examine the appearance and diffusion of a new means of payment, the bank check, in the early nineteenth-century economy of South America, specifically Buenos Aires. As the main issuers of checks gained leverage in using this means of payment, they contributed to enhancing its acceptance in the local economy. To demonstrate this hypothesis, this chapter employs Social Network Analysis tools to understand the relational structure of the check’s flows and elucidate the position of the actors within that web.
Formation and Sustainability of Financial Networks in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Fontaine Laurence 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe essay examines the strategies put in place by social actors not only to create financial networks but above all to ensure their sustainability. After a brief introduction on the dynamics of the political economies that coexisted at the time, this chapter focuses on the merchants because for them, finance is the sinews of war. Describing first the strategies implemented by a fifteenth-century merchant, Francesco di Marco Datini, who succeeded in building an industrial and commercial empire despite the many political and economic uncertainties he faced, this chapter examines the risks Datini had to face and shows the role of reputation and trust to mitigate them. Then, it explores the same questions for the eighteenth century: Have the role of trust and reputation evolved? This analysis seeks to understand why networks based on a common religious or village affiliation are the best adapted to last in such an environment. It concludes with a comparison with the large contemporary merchant and financial networks.
Married Women in the Rural Credit Economy of Early Modern England, 1500–1700
Authors: Robb Hannah 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article explores the potential of depositions to illuminate women’s credit networks in the rural credit economy of early modern England. It focuses on the role of married women managing the small-scale credits that sustained quotidian buying and selling. The article begins with a broad analysis of gendered roles in the credit economy extracting evidence from a large corpus of depositions from rural pastoral economies in the period 1500–1700. It also investigates the nature of women’s credit networks. Women’s credit was for smaller sums drawn through localized networks and was closely bound to their consumption, whereas men’s near monopoly on droving livestock to market granted greater access to wider credit networks. We also see marked differences in the nature of women’s credit with alewives particularly well placed to facilitate credit through pawn and the secondhand market. The narratives presented in the depositions reflect largely the credit activities of married women. This article argues that marriage, rather than precluding women from credit networks, granted greater access to a tactile knowledge of the domestic household goods against which credit was contracted.
More than Merchant Bankers: Second-Class Financial Intermediation in Eighteenth-Century Amsterdam
Authors: Feenstra Alberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the eighteenth century, the Amsterdam capital market became the central place for major European powers to borrow money. Well-established merchant banking houses offered their services to act as intermediaries. This was the market of High Finance for foreign sovereign debt. We know less about the lower segments of the Amsterdam capital market, where smaller public debtors turned to, such as the Dutch provinces. This paper analyzes how the Dutch province of Friesland operated on the Amsterdam capital market. By focusing on the venues and their proprietors, the chapter demonstrates an evolution in payment methods, in the eighteenth century. Inns formed the central place in the first half of the eighteenth century, from where the Friesland tax receivers arranged payments. In the second half of the century, the financial agent, Johannes Menkema, became more important. He also expanded the financial services he performed for Friesland. Menkema held no formal function, neither as a notary nor as an official city broker, yet he did present himself as a banker. In addition to Friesland, he also serviced other smaller Dutch and German states and cities. This chapter thus highlights the importance of personal transactions hosted by innkeepers and unofficial financial intermediaries besides bankers, brokers, and notaries.
A Differentiated Access to Credit in a Merchant Network in the 1780s (Philadelphia and Its Region)
Authors: Bissières Louis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSocial network analysis (SNA) offers a powerful set of tools to grasp the systems of credit in which economic actors were involved in the early modern period. It can be applied to transactions recorded in account books. This chapter focuses on Levi Hollingsworth who was one of the many Philadelphia merchants that helped connecting American rural consumers to the Atlantic world of goods, through a massive circulation of credit in the end of the eighteenth century. This paper starts with basic considerations about the shape of a merchant network of credit based on transactions drawn from account books. In the second part, I discuss the fact that the position actors held in a merchant network had decisive implications regarding the credit a merchant like Hollingsworth gave them access to. The involvement in a complex commercial structure was a resource in the early modern period. In the third part, I discuss the differentiated use of means of payment to back credit flows. I show that the position in the network affected tendencies to use one means of payment over the other. I discuss how social networks could affect economic behavior, especially showing how trust facilitated credit flows.
On a Problem of Douglass and Ono for the Plane Partition Function
Authors: Luca Florian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is known that the plane partition function of n denoted $$\textrm{PL}(n)$$

PL
(
n
)

obeys Benford’s law in any integer base $$b\ge 2$$

b
≥
2

. We give an upper bound for the smallest positive integer n such that $$\textrm{PL}(n)$$

PL
(
n
)

starts with a prescribed string f of digits in base b.
Übersehene Professionalität – individuelle Gelingensfaktoren von Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung
Authors: Schmidt Daniela , Heuer Imke , Küsel Madeleine , Ruiz Perez Guillermo , von Peter Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Auch durch die neue Personalverordnung wird die Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung zunehmend relevant. Dadurch stellt sich die Frage, welche individuellen Gelingensbedingungen es für die Implementierung von Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung gibt.

Methode
Diese Arbeit ist ein Teilprojekt der vom Innovationsfonds finanzierten ImpPeer-Psy5-Studie, die bundesweite Anforderungen an die Implementierung von Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung in der krankenkassenfinanzierten Versorgung (SGB V) untersucht. 57 problemzentrierte Interviews mit Peer- und Genesungsbegleiter*innen (PGB), Mitarbeiter*innen (MA) und Nutzer*innen sowie eine darauf aufbauende Fokusgruppe wurden mithilfe einer vergleichenden thematischen Analyse untersucht. Diese Arbeit wurde vorrangig durch eine Forscherin umgesetzt, die über eigene Krisen- und Psychiatrieerfahrungen verfügt.

Ergebnisse
Aus Sicht der befragten MA sind Sympathie und Persönlichkeit zentrale Faktoren für eine gelingende Implementierung der Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung. Demgegenüber stehen für die PGB ein professionalisierter Umgang mit der eigenen Krisen- und Recovery-Erfahrung sowie diverse Lebens- und berufliche Vorerfahrungen im Vordergrund.

Schlussfolgerungen
Um die Impulse der Peer- und Genesungsbegleitung wirksam aufzunehmen, braucht es eine Anerkennung der professionellen Identität der PGB. Insbesondere Settings, die Aufgaben zwischen den Berufsgruppen weniger hierarchisch trennen und v. a. auf Beziehungsarbeit setzen, wie das der Zuhausebehandlung, sind für die Implementierung von PGB besonders geeignet.
Microvascular insulin resistance with enhanced muscle glucose disposal in CD36 deficiency
Authors: Shibao Cyndya A. , Peche Vivek S. , Pietka Terri A. , Samovski Dmitri , Williams Ian M. , Abumrad Naji N. , Gamazon Eric R. , Goldberg Ira J. , Wasserman David H. , Abumrad Nada A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis
Microvascular dysfunction contributes to insulin resistance. CD36, a fatty acid transporter and modulator of insulin signalling, is abundant in microvascular endothelial cells. Humans carrying the minor allele (G) of CD36 coding variant rs3211938 have 50% reduced CD36 expression and show endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to determine whether G allele carriers have microvascular resistance to insulin and, if so, how this affects glucose disposal.

Methods
Our multi-disciplinary approach included hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamps in Cd36
−/− and wild-type mice, and in individuals with 50% CD36 deficiency, together with control counterparts, in addition to primary human-derived microvascular endothelial cells with/without CD36 depletion.

Results
Insulin clamps showed that Cd36
−/− mice have enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose disposal but reduced vascular compliance and capillary perfusion. Intravital microscopy of the gastrocnemius showed unaltered transcapillary insulin flux. CD36-deficient humans had better insulin-stimulated glucose disposal but insulin-unresponsive microvascular blood volume (MBV). Human microvascular cells depleted of CD36 showed impaired insulin activation of Akt, endothelial NO synthase and NO generation. Thus, in CD36 deficiency, microvascular insulin resistance paradoxically associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity of glucose disposal.

Conclusions/interpretation
CD36 deficiency was previously shown to reduce muscle/heart fatty acid uptake, whereas here we showed that it reduced vascular compliance and the ability of insulin to increase MBV for optimising glucose and oxygen delivery. The muscle and heart respond to these energy challenges by transcriptional remodelling priming the tissue for insulin-stimulated glycolytic flux. Reduced oxygen delivery activating hypoxia-induced factors, endothelial release of growth factors or small intracellular vesicles might mediate this adaptation. Targeting NO bioavailability in CD36 deficiency could benefit the microvasculature and muscle/heart metabolism.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03012386

Data availability
The RNAseq data generated in this study have been deposited in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) under accession code GSE235988 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE235988).

Graphical Abstract
Quantitative convergence of the nonlocal Allen–Cahn equation to volume-preserving mean curvature flow
Authors: Kroemer Milan , Laux Tim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We prove a quantitative convergence result of the nonlocal Allen–Cahn equation to volume-preserving mean curvature flow. The proof uses gradient flow calibrations and the relative entropy method, which has been used in the recent literature to prove weak–strong uniqueness results for mean curvature flow and convergence of the Allen–Cahn equation. A crucial difference in this work is a new notion of gradient flow calibrations. We add a tangential component to the velocity field in order to prove the Gronwall estimate for the relative energy. This allows us to derive the optimal convergence rate without having to show the closeness of the Lagrange-multipliers.
Quantisation via Branes and Minimal Resolution
Authors: Qiu Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe ‘brane quantisation’ is a quantisation procedure developed by Gukov and Witten (Adv Theor Math Phys 13(5):1445–1518, 2009). We implement this idea by combining it with the tilting theory and the minimal resolutions. This way, we can realistically compute the deformation quantisation on the space of observables acting on the Hilbert space. We apply this procedure to certain quantisation problems in the context of generalised Kähler structure on $${\mathbb {P}}^2$$

P

2

. Our approach differs from and complements that of Bischoff and Gualtieri (Commun Math Phys 391(2):357–400, 2022). We also benefitted from an important technical tool: a combinatorial criterion for the Maurer–Cartan equation, developed by Barmeier and Wang (Deformations of path algebras of quivers with relations, 2020. arXiv:2002.10001).
Decoupling by Local Random Unitaries without Simultaneous Smoothing, and Applications to Multi-user Quantum Information Tasks
Authors: Colomer Pau , Winter Andreas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe show that a simple telescoping sum trick, together with the triangle inequality and a tensorisation property of expected-contractive coefficients of random channels, allow us to achieve general simultaneous decoupling for multiple users via local actions. Employing both old (Dupuis et al. in Commun Math Phys 328:251–284, 2014) and new methods (Dupuis in IEEE Trans Inf Theory 69:7784–7792, 2023), we obtain bounds on the expected deviation from ideal decoupling either in the one-shot setting in terms of smooth min-entropies, or the finite block length setting in terms of Rényi entropies. These bounds are essentially optimal without the need to address the simultaneous smoothing conjecture, which remains unresolved. This leads to one-shot, finite block length, and asymptotic achievability results for several tasks in quantum Shannon theory, including local randomness extraction of multiple parties, multi-party assisted entanglement concentration, multi-party quantum state merging, and quantum coding for the quantum multiple access channel. Because of the one-shot nature of our protocols, we obtain achievability results without the need for time-sharing, which at the same time leads to easy proofs of the asymptotic coding theorems. We show that our one-shot decoupling bounds furthermore yield achievable rates (so far only conjectured) for all four tasks in compound settings, which are additionally optimal for entanglement of assistance and state merging.
Liver Regeneration Following Thermal Ablation Using Nanocarrier Mediated Targeted Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Mohan Prasoon P. , Deo Sapna , Liu Zhao-Jun , Dikici Emre , Kaneku Hugo , Chang Doyoung , Garcia-Buitrago Monica , Jalaeian Hamed , Zeynaloo Elnaz , Ortiz Yulexi Y. , Li Yan , Bhatia Shivank , Velazquez Omaida , Daunert Sylvia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To test the efficacy of nanocarrier (NC) mediated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for liver regeneration following thermal ablation of porcine livers.

Materials and Methods
Liver radiofrequency ablation was performed in 18 swines divided into MSC, MSC + NC and control groups. The test groups received infusion of MSC or MSC + NC labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) via hepatic artery. MSC + NC group had MSCs coated with dendrimer nanocarrier complexed with I-Domain of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). Nanocarriers direct homing of MSCs by binding to its counterpart protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is overexpressed at the periablation margins from inflammation. Ablation cavity reduction by CT volumetry was used as surrogate marker for liver regeneration. Cell proliferation was assessed with Ki67 and HepPar-1 stains. GFP identified MSC derived cells.

Results
Total number of ablations in control animals were 13 across 4 animals. In the MSC group, there were 23 ablations across 6 animals, and in MSC + NC group there were 21 ablations across 6 animals. Ablation cavity volume reduction from day 0 to 30 were 64.4 ± 15.0%, 61.5 ± 12.9% and 80.3 ± 9.4% for control, MSC and MSC + NC groups, respectively (MSC + NC vs MSC: p < 0.001, MSC + NC vs. control: p = 0.001). GFP+ cell count at margins was 426.8 ± 193.2 for MSC group and 498.6 ± 235.2 for MSC + NC group (p = 0.01). The mean Ki67 and HepPar-1 staining at margins were 9.81 ± 4.5% and 6.12 ± 4.2% for MSC + NC group versus 7.59 ± 3.7% and 5.09 ± 3.7% for MSC group, respectively (P < 0.001 and P = 0.09, respectively).

Conclusion
Nanocarrier-mediated MSC therapy promotes liver regeneration by engrafting MSCs at ablation margins, potentially making liver-directed therapy viable for patients with severe liver dysfunction. This technology may also benefit other solid organs.

Graphical Abstract
Node-RADS: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic performance, category-wise malignancy rates, and inter-observer reliability
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Mao Shiqi , Chen Haoda , Wang Yibin , Yin Qian , Cen Qingqing , Lu Junjie , Yang Jiarui , Hu Yangfan , Xing Yue , Liu Xianwei , Ge Xiang , Jiang Run , Song Yang , Lu Minda , Chu Jingshen , Zhang Huan , Zhang Guangcheng , Ding Defang , Yao Weiwu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate diagnostic performance, category-wise malignancy rates, and inter-observer reliability of Node Reporting and Data System 1.0 (Node-RADS).

Methods
Five electronic databases were systematically searched for primary studies on the use of Node-RADS to report the possibility of cancer involvement of lymph nodes on CT and MRI from January 1, 2021, until April 15, 2024. The study quality was assessed by modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) and Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability (QAREL) tools. The diagnostic accuracy was estimated with bivariate random-effects model, while the pooled category-wise malignancy rates were obtained with random-effects model.

Results
Six Node-RADS-CT studies and three Node-RADS-MRI studies covering nine types of cancer were included. The study quality was mainly damaged by inappropriate index test and unknown timing according to QUADAS-2, and unclear blindness during the rating process according to QAREL. The area under hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve (95% conventional interval) was 0.92 (0.89–0.94) for Node-RADS ≥ 3 as positive and 0.91 (0.88–0.93) for Node-RADS ≥ 4 as positive, respectively. The pooled malignancy rates (95% CIs) of Node-RADS 1 to 5 were 4% (0–10%), 31% (9–58%), 55% (34–75%), 89% (73–99%), and 100% (97–100%), respectively. The inter-observer reliability of five studies was interpreted as fair to substantial.

Conclusion
Node-RADS presented a promising diagnostic performance with an increasing probability of malignancy along higher category. However, the evidence for inter-observer reliability of Node-RADS is insufficient, and may hinder its implementation in clinical practice for lymph node assessment.

Key Points
QuestionNode-RADS is designed for structured reporting of the possibility of cancer involvement of lymph nodes, but the evidence supporting its application has not been summarized.
FindingsNode-RADS presented diagnostic performance with AUC of 0.92, and malignancy rates for categories 1–5 ranged from 4% to 100%, while the inter-observer reliability was unclear.
Clinical relevanceNode-RADS is a useful tool for structured reporting of the possibility of cancer involvement of lymph nodes with high diagnostic performance and appropriate malignancy rate for each category, but unclear inter-observer reliability may hinder its implementation in clinical practice.
Dam break flow through rigid-emergent vegetation
Authors: Mahmoud Adel A. , Uchida Tatsuhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Dam failures pose a significant threat to life and property. This study investigates the potential of rigid emergent vegetation to attenuate dam break waves, reducing their destructive impact. Experiments explored the effect of varying vegetation field lengths on wave propagation. Wooden cylinders with consistent diameter (1.0 cm) and density (0.067) simulated the rigid vegetation in a straight, flat rectangular channel. Four different vegetation lengths and three bore conditions for different reservoir and tailwater depths were examined to analyze their influence on dam break wave behavior. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of vegetation in dissipating wave energy, leading to a rapid decrease in wave height and celerity. Interestingly, increasing vegetation length significantly attenuates the wave height downstream of the vegetation zone, while having no significant impact on the reflection wave height upstream of the vegetation. This finding highlights the targeted effectiveness of strategically placed vegetation in shielding downstream areas. The study also clarifies that celerity can be calculated using shallow water equations for both upstream and downstream regions with wave height and tailwater depth. However, within the vegetation, drag forces significantly reduce celerity. A novel equation, derived from wavefront profiles, was proposed and validated to accurately calculate celerity within the vegetation field. These findings provide valuable data for validating numerical models simulating dam break wave interactions with vegetation.

Graphical abstract
Clinical translation of tissue-engineered oesophageal grafts: are patients ready for us?
Authors: Durkin N. , Pellegrini M. , Karaluka V. , Slater G. , Leyden D. , Eaton S. , De Coppi Paolo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We sought to engage with expert patient/carers to understand attitudes towards use of tissue engineering (TE) for long-gap oesophageal atresia (OA).

Methods
An in-person engagement event for 70 patients/parents was held by the OA patient group, TOFS. Attitudes towards TE were assessed before and after a talk on use of TE oesophagi in a pre-clinical OA model. Perceptions were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale (median [range]) and compared using Mann–Whitney test.

Results
43 attendees responded; 56% parents/caregivers, 21% patients, 7% healthcare workers, 16% unreported. Most (85%) had some awareness of TE but for 15%, it was a new concept. Attendees were receptive to TE; 89% reported no concerns about growth of their/child(s) cells in a lab and 61% reported no concerns about using animal products. Perceptions of TE significantly improved after the presentation from 4 (2–5, n = 32) to 5 (3–5, n = 28) p < 0.0001, and 96% would like to be involved in focus groups on development of a TE product for use in OA.

Conclusion
Input from key stakeholders is essential to introduction of TE constructs clinically. The overall response to TE constructs was positive, and informs development of an OA-specific focus group to guide translation.