bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent patterns of TDP‐43 and tau pathologies in primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Giannini Lucia A. A. , Xie Sharon X. , McMillan Corey T. , Liang Mendy , Williams Andrew , Jester Charles , Rascovsky Katya , Wolk David A. , Ash Sharon , Lee Edward B. , Trojanowski John Q. , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo measure postmortem burden of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with TDP‐43 (FTLD‐TDP) or tau (FTLD‐Tau) proteinopathy across hemispheres in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) using digital histopathology and to identify clinicopathological correlates of these distinct proteinopathies.MethodsIn an autopsy cohort of PPA (FTLD‐TDP = 13, FTLD‐Tau = 14), we analyzed laterality and regional distribution of postmortem pathology, quantified using a validated digital histopathological approach, in available brain tissue from up to 8 cortical regions bilaterally. We related digital pathology to antemortem structural neuroimaging and specific clinical language features.ResultsPostmortem cortical pathology was left‐lateralized in both FTLD‐TDP (beta = −0.15, standard error [SE] = 0.05, p = 0.007) and FTLD‐Tau (beta = −0.09, SE = 0.04, p = 0.015), but the degree of lateralization decreased with greater overall dementia severity before death (beta = −8.18, SE = 3.22, p = 0.015). Among 5 core pathology regions sampled, we found greatest pathology in left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in FTLD‐TDP, which was greater than in FTLD‐Tau (F = 47.07, df = 1,17, p < 0.001), and in left midfrontal cortex (MFC) in FTLD‐Tau, which was greater than in FTLD‐TDP (F = 19.34, df = 1,16, p < 0.001). Postmortem pathology was inversely associated with antemortem magnetic resonance imaging cortical thickness (beta = −0.04, SE = 0.01, p = 0.007) in regions matching autopsy sampling. Irrespective of PPA syndromic variant, single‐word comprehension impairment was associated with greater left OFC pathology (t = −3.72, df = 10.72, p = 0.004) and nonfluent speech with greater left MFC pathology (t = −3.62, df = 12.00, p = 0.004) among the 5 core pathology regions.InterpretationIn PPA, FTLD‐TDP and FTLD‐Tau have divergent anatomic distributions of left‐lateralized postmortem pathology that relate to antemortem structural imaging and distinct language deficits. Although other brain regions may be implicated in neural networks supporting these complex language measures, our observations may eventually help to improve antemortem diagnosis of neuropathology in PPA. Ann Neurol 2019;85:630–643
Formation of Glyoxylic Acid in Interstellar Ices: A Key Entry Point for Prebiotic Chemistry
Authors: Eckhardt André K. , Bergantini Alexandre , Singh Santosh K. , Schreiner Peter R. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith nearly 200 molecules detected in interstellar and circumstellar environments, the identification of the biologically relevant α‐keto carboxylic acid, glyoxylic acid (HCOCOOH), is still elusive. Herein, the formation of glyoxylic acid via cosmic‐ray driven, non‐equilibrium chemistry in polar interstellar ices of carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H2O) at 5 K via barrierless recombination of formyl (HCO) and hydroxycarbonyl radicals (HOCO) is reported. In temperature‐programmed desorption experiments, the subliming neutral molecules were selectively photoionized and identified based on the ionization energy and distinct mass‐to‐charge ratios in combination with isotopically labeled experiments exploiting reflectron time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. These studies unravel a key reaction path to glyoxylic acid, an organic molecule formed in interstellar ices before subliming in star‐forming regions like SgrB2(N), thus providing a critical entry point to prebiotic organic synthesis.
Keeping Mum: Characteristics and Family Dynamics of Mothers Who Are Liable to Pay Child Support in Australia
Authors: Vnuk Maria 
Published: March 2019

In recent decades, changes in post‐separation parenting arrangements in Australia have led to an increase in the small but significant group of mothers liable to pay child support to fathers. The present study uses data from the Child Support Reform Study, a national random sample of separated parents in Australia registered with the Child Support Agency (CSA) in 2008. In total, 185 mothers with a child support liability were identified. Drawing on reports from separated mothers and fathers liable to pay child support in 2008, the study found that 43% of liable mothers had shared or more time. Few liable mothers reported spending no time with their child in the previous 12 months. Unlike liable fathers, mothers with a child support liability tended to be more ‘fearful’ of their former partner; have a resident child in their household; work fewer hours in paid employment; and have older children. Liable mothers were also more likely than other separated mothers to describe the relationship with their former partner as ‘fearful.’ Gendered expectations of parenting mean that liable mothers and liable fathers may adopt different behavioural responses to their roles. The implications of these findings for family therapists are briefly discussed.
Elucidating the thermal degradation of carbazole‐containing platinum–polyyne polymers
Authors: Lisa Gabriela , Yoshitake Yoko , Michinobu Tsuyoshi 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, we present the significant influence of the substitution pattern of carbazole on the thermal stability of carbazole‐containing platinum(II)–polyyne polymers. A series of the studies on the dynamic and isotherm conditions revealed a better thermal stability for the 3,6‐carbazole based platinum(II)–polyyne polymer (36CbzPtP), where alkynes were located at the p‐phenylene positions relative to the carbazole nitrogen atom, compared to that for the 2,7‐carbazole based counter polymer (27CbzPtP), where the alkynes were located at the m‐phenylene positions relative to the carbazole nitrogen atom. On the other hand, the thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry–Fourier transform infrared technique applied to the two polymers revealed the same degradation mechanism, which probably involved the thermal decomposition of triethyl phosphine moieties and which was followed by the CC scission of hexadecyl chains. The carbazole moieties eventually underwent degradation when the temperature exceeded 415 °C. Molecular modeling showed that polymer 27CbzPtP formed a linear structure, whereas polymer 36CbzPtP adopted a curved structures; this led to different packing modes of the polymer chains. This structural difference affected the efficiency of the initial degradation event of the triethyl phosphine groups. The curved structures of 36CbzPtP sterically protected the triethyl phosphine groups; this led to an increased thermal stability over that of 27CbzPtP. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47639.
Timing of Development of the Permanent Mandibular Dentition: New Reference Values from the Fels Longitudinal Study
Authors: Šešelj Maja , Sherwood Richard J. , Konigsberg Lyle W. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTEstimating chronological age or assessing the rate of maturation in immature individuals is an important task in biological anthropology and clinical practice. One of the most reliable ways of doing this is by evaluating one's dental development, specifically tooth mineralization. However, few chronologies include reference values for very young children, and few provide an extensive documentation of the range of variation surrounding the reported reference values. We present a new chronology of development of permanent mandibular canine and postcanine teeth from birth through age 28 years, based on over 6,000 radiographs of 590 participants of the Fels Longitudinal Study, recorded between 1940 and 1982. Tooth mineralization was scored following the 14‐stage system of Moorrees, Fanning, and Hunt (Moorrees et al., 1963a) with an additional crypt stage. We calculated ages of attainment, as well as average age in stage, using transition analysis. We find that variation increases throughout ontogeny for all teeth, though it is generally comparable between girls and boys. The tempo of dental development tends to be faster in girls. Compared to the classic chronology of Moorrees et al. (1963a), partly based on Fels radiographs, in our sample the development of crowns tends to occur at earlier, and development of roots at increasingly later ages. Our results are more similar to chronologies based on more recent, clinical samples (Liversidge, 2009), though the development of tooth roots in our sample occurs at older ages. Anat Rec, 302:1733–1753, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Neuronal PAS Domain 2 (Npas2)‐Deficient Fibroblasts Accelerate Skin Wound Healing and Dermal Collagen Reconstruction
Authors: Sasaki Hodaka , Hokugo Akishige , Wang Lixin , Morinaga Kenzo , Ngo John T. , Okawa Hiroko , Nishimura Ichiro 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe circadian clock, which consists of endogenous self‐sustained and cell‐autonomous oscillations in mammalian cells, is known to regulate a wide range of peripheral tissues. The unique upregulation of a clock gene, neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2), observed along with fibroblast aging prompted us to investigate the role of Npas2 in the homeostasis of dermal structure using in vivo and in vitro wound healing models. Time‐course healing of a full‐thickness skin punched wound exhibited significantly faster wound closure in Npas2−/− mice than wild‐type (WT) C57Bl/6J mice. Dorsal skin fibroblasts isolated from WT, Npas2+/−, and Npas2−/− mice exhibited consistent profiles of core clock gene expression except for Npas2 and Per2. In vitro behavioral characterizations of dermal fibroblasts revealed that Npas2−/− mutation was associated with increased proliferation, migration, and cell contraction measured by floating collagen gel contraction and single‐cell force contraction assays. Npas2 knockout fibroblasts carrying sustained the high expression level of type XII and XIV FAICT collagens and synthesized dermis‐like thick collagen fibers in vitro. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated the reconstruction of dermis‐like collagen architecture in the wound healing area of Npas2−/− mice. This study indicates that the induced Npas2 expression in fibroblasts may interfere with skin homeostasis, wound healing, and dermal tissue reconstruction, providing a basis for novel therapeutic target and strategy. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical features of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Sawada Makoto , Wada‐Isoe Kenji , Hanajima Ritsuko , Nakashima Kenji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the clinical features of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients by classification into two groups: Clinically observed FOG (CFOG) and self‐reported FOG (SFOG).MethodsTwo hundred twenty‐nine PD patients were medically examined in an examination room as well as subjected to a New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (NFOG‐Q) and analysis of nonmotor symptoms including sleep, cognition, depression, and fatigue.ResultsThe prevalence of CFOG was 17.9%, while 53.7% of the patients without CFOG reported the presence of FOG via the NFOG‐Q. Univariate analysis revealed that CFOG was associated with longer disease duration, motor dysfunction, sleepiness, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction. These symptoms, excluding akinesia, apathy, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep Behavior Disorder, and cognitive dysfunction, were also associated with SFOG. Multivariate analysis revealed that long PD duration, postural instability, and gait difficulty (PIGD), along with fatigue, were independent factors for SFOG.ConclusionsSFOG and CFOG have many common clinical features. Although the clinical relevance of SFOG remains unclear, careful attention should be paid to related features in clinical practice.
N‐Methylmesoporphyrin IX Exhibits G‐Quadruplex‐Specific Photocleavage Activity
Authors: McBrayer Dominic , Schoonover Michelle , Long Kimberly J. , Escobedo Ruby , Kerwin Sean M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractN‐Methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM) has long been known as a G‐quadruplex DNA (G4) ligand. However, there has been little investigation into its G‐quadruplex photocleavage activity. Herein, we demonstrate that NMM is a highly selective photocleavage agent for G4 structures but not duplex DNA. Analysis of the cleavage products by PAGE demonstrates that G4 photocleavage by NMM occurs at sites similar to those cleaved by TMPyP4, a nonselective DNA photocleavage agent. Although NMM is shown here to generate singlet oxygen in the presence of both duplex and G4, the lack of increased photocleavage in D2O indicated that singlet oxygen is not involved in the photocleavage of G4 by NMM.
The combined use of stent retriever and neuro‐aspiration as successful bail‐out reperfusion strategy in a patient with embolic myocardial infarction
Authors: Crimi Gabriele , Moramarco Lorenzo , Mandurino‐Mirizzi Alessandro , Quaretti Pietro , Ferrario Maurizio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEmbolic myocardial infarction account for ≈3% of all ST‐segment myocardial infarction and represents a challenge often left no‐reperfused because current thrombectomy technologies are inefficient to grab thrombus wedged into distal coronary arteries. We present the case of a 34‐year‐old man who presented with anterior STEMI and a proximal left anterior descending coronary artery ulcerated plaque with a great thrombus burden, which led to distal embolization. Failure of several attempts of manual and rheolytic thrombectomy, led us to use the “Solumbra technique”, the combined use of stent retriever and Penumbra catheter was successful in restoring patency and flow.
Percutaneous ultrasound guided thrombin injection for axillary artery pseudoaneurysm following stenting of the arterial duct in two infants: Case report with review of literature
Authors: Karmegaraj Balaganesh , Prabhu Nirmalkumar , Kappanayil Mahesh , Kumar Raman K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe report pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery following stenting of the arterial duct in two infants. They were both successfully managed by ultrasound guided thrombin injection with preservation of native arterial flow. We also review the relevant literature.
[Zn4O] Cluster‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Catalysts for Conversion of CO2
Authors: Qiao Wanzhen , Song Tianqun , Zhao Bin 
Published: March 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionOne unique two‐dimensional (2D) Zn‐MOF {Na[Zn1.5(μ4‐O)(L)]}n (1) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Four Zn atoms are bridged through μ4‐O to form [Zn4O] clusters, which are further linked to form a 2D layer network through sharing Zn as vertexes. 1 exhibits high thermal stability up to 280 °C and keeps stable in common solvents and water solutions with pH ranging from 1 to 13. The catalytic studies reveal that compound 1 exhibits excellent catalytic activity for cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides into cyclic carbonates under mild conditions. Furthermore, 1 demonstrates good generality in CO2 coupling reaction with extensive epoxides. Importantly, 1 can be reused for at least five times without significant reduction in catalytic ability.
Titin‐truncating variants are associated with heart failure events in patients with left ventricular non‐compaction cardiomyopathy
Authors: Li Shijie , Zhang Ce , Liu Nana , Bai Hui , Hou Cuihong , Song Lei , Pu Jielin 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundTitin‐truncating variants (TTNtv) have been recognized as the most prevalent genetic cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, their effects on phenotypes of left ventricular non‐compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) remain largely unknown.HypothesisThe presence of TTNtv may have an effect on the phenotype of LVNC.Methods
TTN was comprehensively screened by targeted sequencing in a cohort of 83 adult patients with LVNC. Baseline and follow‐up data of all participants were collected. The primary endpoint was a composite of death and heart transplantation. The secondary endpoint was heart failure (HF) events, a composite of HF‐related death, heart transplantation, and HF hospitalization.ResultsOverall, 13 TTNtv were identified in 13 patients, with 9 TTNtv located in the A‐band of titin. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between patients with and without TTNtv. During a median follow‐up of 4.4 years, no significant difference in death and heart transplantation between the two groups was observed. However, more HF events occurred in TTNtv carriers than in non‐carriers (P = 0.006). Multivariable analyses showed that TTNtv were associated with an increased risk of HF events independent of sex, age, and baseline cardiac function (hazard ratio: 3.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.50‐7.01, P = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis excluding non‐A‐band TTNtv yielded similar results, but with less strength.ConclusionsThe presence of TTNtv may be a genetic modifier of LVNC and confer a higher risk of HF events among adult patients. Studies of larger cohorts are needed to confirm our findings.
Prediction of spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect and guidance for clinical follow‐up
Authors: Li Xinyang , Ren Weidong , Song Guang , Zhang Xintong 
Published: March 2019

AimTo predict the spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and assist pediatrician to manage VSD children.MethodsBetween January 2008 and December 2016, 132 children diagnosed with isolated VSD by echocardiography were enrolled. All participating children were followed‐up by echocardiography yearly until the closure of VSD or 6 years old. The clinical indicators and echocardiographic parameters of patients were collected. Statistically significant factors were used to establish a Logistic Regression model for predicting spontaneous closure of VSD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the specificity and sensitivity of Logistic Regression model.ResultsSpontaneous closure occurred in 60% of all patients; 57% in perimembranous VSD (p‐VSD) and 64% in muscular VSD (m‐VSD) patients. Initial diagnosis age, defect size, aneurysms tissue of the ventricular membranous septum (ATVMS), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVDD) were statistically significant. Defect size, ATVMS and LVDD were determined by the Logistic Regression model as representative factor. P‐VSD and m‐VSD model had areas under the ROC curves 0.854 and 0.898, respectively.ConclusionWe inferred that defect size, ATVMS and LVDD were characteristic and representative predictors for spontaneous closure of VSD. And we summarized the prognostic factors and recommended a follow‐up criteria to assist the pediatrician managing VSD children.
Do repeated firings affect the color properties of porcelain‐fused‐metal restorations that are fabricated differently?
Authors: Çelik Ersan , Tulga Ayça 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRepeated firings can affect the quality of the porcelain color. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of repeated firings on the color changes of porcelain‐fused‐metal restorations that are manufactured using different methods. A total of 60 cylindrical shaped cobalt–chromium alloys (Ø = 10 mm and h = 1.5 mm) were fabricated using casting (C), milling (M), direct metal laser sintering with and without annealing (EL+, EL‐), and selective laser melting with and without annealing (CL+, CL‐). The samples were veneered with A2 (as indicated by the Vita Shade Guide) dentin porcelain of 2 mm thickness. Then the samples subjected to the repeated firings (2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th), and the color of each sample was recorded using a spectrophotometer. The CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula was used to calculate color differences of the samples on repeated firings. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post‐hoc Tukey's test were utilized to analyze the results (a = 05). The L*, a*, and b* values of porcelain‐fused‐metal specimens were significantly affected by the number of firings (P < 0.001) and fabrication techniques (P < 0.001). The ΔE00 values for C, M, CL‐, and EL‐ groups after 10th firing were above 0.8 unit, which indicates that visually perceivable color differences are clinically acceptable. On the other hand, the ΔE00 values for CL+ and EL+ groups were above the PT value after 8th repeated firings. The color properties of porcelain‐fused‐metal restorations were affected by the fabrication techniques and the number of firings.
Periodontal health in a cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Roy Margaux , Gastaldi Giacomo , Courvoisier Delphine S. , Mombelli Andrea , Giannopoulou Catherine 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo evaluate periodontal health and oral health behaviors in a cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D), 50 persons with T1D (30 males and 20 females; mean age: 35.2 years) were recruited from the Diabetology Unit of the Geneva University Hospitals; 50 nondiabetic persons matched for gender, age, and smoking status comprised the control group. We assessed periodontal health using the gingival index (GI), plaque index, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) and recorded self‐reported attitudes and behaviors regarding dental care. The two groups were compared using conditional logistic regression. With respect to the mean PD, CAL, and the mean number of sites with PD >4 mm that bled upon probing, there were no significant differences between the groups. However, subjects with diabetes had significantly more plaque and gingival inflammation and presented more sites with BOP compared with control subjects. Further analysis of the subjects in younger (<40 years) and older (>40 years) cohorts revealed a marked difference in GI between younger healthy and controls, which was also present in older patients and controls but much reduced in magnitude and significance. This marked difference in the gingival health of young versus old diabetic patients to matched controls may provide diagnostic advantages and screening and prevention opportunities to exploit. In spite of similar self‐reported oral hygiene habits and frequency of dental visits, patients with T1D presented more plaque and more inflammation than healthy controls, particularly in the younger subjects. Gingivitis in young T1D patients may be an early indicator for more complicated diabetes and periodontitis in the future. Thus, patients with T1D mellitus should be screened for signs of periodontal disease early and should be motivated and instructed in good oral hygiene practices.
Hierarchical Porous and Zinc‐Ion‐Crosslinked PIM‐1 Nanocomposite as a CO2 Cycloaddition Catalyst with High Efficiency
Authors: Pan Ying , Zhai Xiaofei , Yin Jian , Zhang Tianqi , Ma Liujia , Zhou Yi , Zhang Yufeng , Meng Jianqiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCO2 cycloaddition to epoxides is an effective and economical utilization method to alleviate the current excessive CO2 emission situation. The development of catalysts with both high catalytic efficiency and high recyclability is necessary but challenging. In this context, a heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized based on a zinc‐ion‐crosslinked polymer with intrinsic microporosity (PIM‐1). The high microporosity of PIM‐1 promoted a high Zn2+ loading rate. Additionally, the relatively stable ionic bond formed between Zn2+ and the PIM‐1 framework through electrostatic interaction ensured high loading stability. In the process of CO2 cycloaddition with propylene epoxide, an optimized conversion of 90 % with a turnover frequency as high as 9533 h−1 could be achieved within 0.5 h at 100 °C and 2 MPa. After 15 cycles, the catalytic efficiency did not demonstrate a significant decline, and the catalyst was able to recover most of its activity after Zn2+ reloading. This work thereby provides a strategically designed CO2 conversion catalyst based on an ionic crosslinked polymer with intrinsic microporosity.