bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An audit of the indications for peripartum hysterectomies performed at a tertiary institution in Johannesburg, South Africa: A retrospective study
Authors: Mmabatswa Rogers N. , Wadee Reubina , Bhoora Shastra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeripartum hysterectomy (PH), the surgical removal of the uterus during or shortly after childbirth, is a critical procedure in maternal health care. Definitions of PH vary globally, leading to challenges in understanding its occurrence. Our study aimed to provide comprehensive insights into PH in a South African context, investigating indications, demographic characteristics, clinical and histopathological diagnoses, complications, and outcomes.MethodsA retrospective record review study design was used, focusing on PH cases at a tertiary facility in Johannesburg, South Africa (SA), between January 2018 and December 2020. Medical records were systematically examined to identify trends, indications, and outcomes associated with PH. Data collection encompassed demographic characteristics, obstetric history, clinical indications, clinical and histopathological diagnoses, and complications. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, interrater reliability tests, and comparative findings with previous SA studies.ResultsThe study included 56 pregnant women with a median age of 32 years (interquartile range: 25–35) who underwent PH between January 2018 and December 2020 at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in South Africa. We found that pregnancy‐related sepsis (PRS) emerged as the most common indication of PH, as reported among 18 (32.1%) of the women, with an 88.8% histopathological confirmation rate. Abnormal placentation (14/56, 25%) and PPH (8/56, 14%) were other common indications. Clinical and histopathological diagnoses exhibited a strong level of agreement (70.9%), emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnostics.ConclusionOur study found a shift in the primary historical indications, such as uterine atony and uterine rupture in South Africa, with PRS emerging as the primary indication in recent years(2009‐2020). Clinical assessment complemented by histopathological findings remains critical for improved obstetric complication management.
Delivery mode and subsequent birth rate: A nationwide register‐based analysis in Finland
Authors: Vaajala Matias , Liukkonen Rasmus , Mattila Ville M. , Kekki Maiju , Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to calculate the subsequent birth rate for different delivery modes, comparing them with spontaneous vaginal deliveries, using a comprehensive nationwide high‐quality registry.MethodsData from the National Medical Birth Register (MBR) were used to evaluate the birth rate after different delivery modes. All first deliveries for a mother during the years 2004 to 2016 were included. For these women, all second pregnancies from the MBR during the years 2004 to 2018 were retrieved and combined with the data of the first deliveries. A Cox regression model was used to evaluate the risk for the second pregnancy after giving birth the first time. The results were interpreted with adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 375 619 women with a first and second pregnancy leading to birth were included in this study. Of these, a total of 50 579 women underwent assisted vaginal delivery, 50 429 had an unplanned cesarean section (CS), 22 021 had elective CS, and 252 593 had spontaneous vaginal delivery as a mode of delivery in their first pregnancy. Women with assisted vaginal delivery (aHR, 1.23 [CI, 1.21–1.24]) and unplanned CS (aHR, 1.03 [CI, 1.02–1.05]) had higher birth rates after the first birth, and women with elective CS as a mode of delivery had lower birth rates (aHR, 0.86 [CI, 0.84–0.88]) when compared with women who had spontaneous vaginal delivery.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that the CS operation itself is not the only cause of the observed lower birth rate; rather, there are underlying factors that have a greater impact on birth rates.
The role of clinical exchange programs in postgraduate obgyn training: A case‐study of the FIGO‐WATOG One World Exchange
Authors: Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Topcu Elif Goknur , Ogbuagu Eziaha Ugochukwu , Tapia‐Gutierrez Charmaine Clarisse , Mughal Mawrah , Negrin Atziri Ramirez , Afon Olire Christine , Ndukwe Munachiso Iheme , Roy Priyankur , Ruiloba Francisco , Aqua David Mfon , Conry Jeane Ann 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the role of clinical exchange programs in postgraduate obgyn training using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)–World Association of Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology (WATOG) One World Exchange (OWE), a clinical exchange program held in France in October 2023, as a case‐study.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. A 31‐item structured questionnaire designed with Google Forms was electronically distributed to the 51 obgyn postgraduate trainees (OWE fellows) who participated in the OWE, to collect information about the exchange. Collected data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) Statistics for Windows.ResultsThe survey response rate was 68.6%. The mean age of the respondents was 33.0 ± 4.0 years. Majority of the them were females (26, 74.3%), married (19, 54.3%), at least in their third year of training (30, 85.7%) and from Africa (11, 31.4%). During the period of the exchange program, fellows observed various obstetric and gynecologic procedures, including open and minimal access procedures, with more than one‐fifth (8, 22.9%) of them reporting that they were allowed to assist in some of these procedures. The fellows noted salient differences in practice between their exchange hospitals and their home countries. An overwhelming majority (30, 85.7%) of the fellows believed the OWE was beneficial and would positively impact their clinical practices back in their home countries.ConclusionClinical exchange programs like the OWE provide valuable benefits in improving the clinical knowledge and skills of postgraduate obgyn trainees.
Hierarchical structure Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels with intelligent electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Lin Ying , Ma Yongzhen , Han Luyao , Cai Zhixin , Cheng Yan , Yuan Qibin , Huang Wenhuan , Yang Haibo , Che Renchao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping intelligent electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials with real‐time response‐ability is of great significance in complex application environments. Herein, highly compressible Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels were assembled through the electrospinning method, achieving EMW absorption through pressure changes. By varying the pressure, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels shows continuous changes from low frequency to high frequency. The EAB of Fe@CNFs@Co/C elastic aerogels is 14.4 GHz (3.36–17.76 GHz), which covers 90% of the range of S/C/X/Ku bands. The theoretical simulation indicates that the external pressure prompts a reduction in the spacing between the fiber layers in the aerogels and facilitates the formation of a 3D conductive network with enhanced attenuation ability of EMW. The uniform distribution of metal particles and appropriate layer spacing can effectively optimize the impedance matching to achieve the best EMW absorption performance. This work state clearly that the hierarchically assembled elastic aerogels composed of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives and carbon fibers are ideal dynamic EMW absorption materials for intelligent EMW response.image
India‐EU water partnership (IEWP): Collaboration for sustainable water management
Authors: Yadav Vandana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn 2016, the European Union (EU) and India have established the India‐EU Water Partnership (IEWP). This partnership aims to facilitate political alignment and cooperation on water management. A session on Good practices in water management: Learnings from the EU and India was organised during the Congress to highlight the key activities, success stories and insights gained from the IEWP Action with an outlook to the water‐secure future.
Hadamard and Riemann Matrix‐Based SLM for PAPR Reduction in OTFS Signal
Authors: Gopal Aare , Reddy Desireddy Krishna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this letter, we study the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and bit error rate (BER) performances of the Hadamard and Riemann matrix‐based selected mapping (SLM) technique for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) signals. Unlike the conventional phase sequence based on , which requires the entire sequence to extract the original signal at the receiver, the Hadamard and Riemann matrix‐based SLM techniques require only the row index of the matrix, reducing the additional information necessary to extract the signal. Simulation results are presented to verify the PAPR and BER performance. The results are also compared with the existing normalized μ‐law, rooting μ‐law, and conventional SLM methods. The results demonstrate that the Riemann‐based SLM technique shows significant performance improvement.
Unpacking automaticity: Scaffolded texts and comprehension
Authors: Hiebert Elfrieda H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutomaticity in recognizing the words in a text is fundamental to comprehension. If the number of words readers need to stop and decode exceeds their ability to retain their understanding of a narrative's plot or an expository text's description, their comprehension suffers. The conventional intervention for students who lack the automaticity to adequately comprehend text has been to repeatedly read texts orally. The current review first addresses evidence for this conventional treatment, concluding that students have not shown substantial increases in silent reading comprehension. Next, this review presents evidence underlying an alternative perspective for automaticity support where texts are selected to support students in increasing their automaticity with the words they will encounter consistently—the 2500 morphological families that have been shown to account for at least 90% of most school texts. Finally, guidelines for teachers are provided that address the talk, tasks, and time of instruction, as well as texts, for automaticity.
The links between parenting, self‐esteem, and depressive symptoms: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Tehrani Hossein Dabiriyan , Yamini Sara , Vazsonyi Alexander T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionFramed by attachment and cognitive theories, the current meta‐analysis tested the direct and indirect links among parenting dimensions (parental support, authoritative control, psychological control, and behavioral control), self‐esteem, and depressive symptoms for children and adolescents.MethodsBased on 53 studies, and 74 independent samples, the present study used One‐Stage Meta‐analytic Structural Equation Modeling (OSMASEM) to investigate these links, including testing a mediation effect by self‐esteem between parental support‐, authoritative control‐, psychological control‐, behavioral control‐, and depressive symptoms. It also tested for potential moderation effects by several variables.ResultsThe evidence indicated that parental support (β = .29), authoritative control (β = .23), and behavioral control (β = .07) are positive correlates of self‐esteem, while psychological control (β = −.26) is a negative one. It also found that self‐esteem was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β range: −.49 to −.53). Furthermore, parental support (β = −0.14), authoritative control (β = −0.10), and behavioral control (β = −0.05) are negative correlates of depressive symptoms, while psychological control is a positive correlate (β = .11). OSMASEM also provided evidence that parental support, authoritative control, psychological control, and behavioral control are indirectly associated with depressive symptoms, via self‐esteem.ConclusionParenting dimensions are associated with depressive symptoms both directly and indirectly. That is, self‐esteem partially mediates the relationships between parental support, authoritative control, psychological control, and behavioral control with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, OSMASEM moderator tests provided evidence of several significant moderators, including age, sex, parenting measurement, and self‐esteem measurement.
Tutorial on the Use of the Photon Diffusion Approximation for Fast Calculation of Tissue Optical Properties
Authors: Pinheiro Maria R. , Carvalho Maria I. , Oliveira Luís M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTComputer simulations, which are performed at a single wavelength at a time, have been traditionally used to estimate the optical properties of tissues. The results of these simulations need to be interpolated. For a broadband estimation of tissue optical properties, the use of computer simulations becomes time consuming and computer demanding. When spectral measurements are available for a tissue, the use of the photon diffusion approximation can be done to perform simple and direct calculations to obtain the broadband spectra of some optical properties. The additional estimation of the reduced scattering coefficient at a small number of discrete wavelengths allows to perform further calculations to obtain the spectra of other optical properties. This study used spectral measurements from the heart muscle to explain the calculation pipeline to obtain a complete set of the spectral optical properties and to show its versatility for use with other tissues for various biophotonics applications.
Hybrid Raman and Partial Wave Spectroscopy Microscope for the Characterization of Molecular and Structural Alterations in Tissue
Authors: Kriukova Elena , Mazurenka Mikhail , Marcazzan Sabrina , Glasl Sarah , Quante Michael , Saur Dieter , Tschurtschenthaler Markus , Puppels Gerwin J. , Gorpas Dimitris , Ntziachristos Vasilis 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe present a hybrid Raman spectroscopy (RS) and partial wave spectroscopy (PWS) microscope for the characterization of molecular and structural tissue alterations. The PWS performance was assessed with surface roughness standards, while the Raman performance with a silicon crystal standard. We also validated the system on stomach and intestinal mouse tissues, two closely‐related tissue types, and demonstrate that the addition of PWS information improves RS data classification for these tissue types from R2 = 0.892 to R2 = 0.964 (norm of residuals 0.863 and 0.497, respectively). Then, in a proof‐of‐concept experiment, we show that the hybrid system can detect changes in intestinal tissues harvested from a tumorigenic Villin‐Cre, Apcfl/wt mouse. We discuss how the hybrid modality offers new abilities to identify the relative roles of PWS morphological features and Raman molecular fingerprints, possibly allowing for their combination to enhance the study of carcinogenesis and early cancer diagnostics in the future.
Using Polycaprolactone Nanofibers for the Proof‐of‐Concept Construction of the Alveolar‐Capillary Interface
Authors: Capandova Michaela , Sedlakova Veronika , Vorac Zbynek , Kotasova Hana , Dumkova Jana , Moran Lukas , Jaros Josef , Antol Matej , Bohaciakova Dasa , Hampl Ales 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe alveolar‐capillary interface is the key functional element of gas exchange in the human lung, and disruptions to this interface can lead to significant medical complications. However, it is currently challenging to adequately model this interface in vitro, as it requires not only the co‐culture of human alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells but mainly the preparation of a biocompatible scaffold that mimics the basement membrane. This scaffold should support cell seeding from both sides, and maintain optimal cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation conditions. Our study investigates the use of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers as a versatile substrate for such cell cultures, aiming to model the alveolar‐capillary interface more accurately. We optimized nanofiber production parameters, utilized polyamide mesh UHELON as a mechanical support for scaffold handling, and created 3D‐printed inserts for specialized co‐cultures. Our findings confirm that PCL nanofibrous scaffolds are manageable and support the co‐culture of diverse cell types, effectively enabling cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Our research establishes a proof‐of‐concept model for the alveolar‐capillary interface, offering significant potential for enhancing cell‐based testing and advancing tissue‐engineering applications that require specific nanofibrous matrices.
Protective Effects of Chlorogenic Acid Against Amyloid‐Beta‐Induced Oxidative Stress and Ion Transport Dysfunction in SH‐SY5Y Cells
Authors: Singh Abhishek Kumar , Singh Ishika , Pai Varsha 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCaloric restriction mimetics mimic the beneficial effects of dietary restriction approaches, such as caloric restriction approaches, without limiting the dietary intake. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) acts as a caloric restriction mimetic; however, its neuroprotective mechanisms remain ambiguous. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the neuroprotective effects of CGA on SH‐SY5Y cells treated with amyloid‐beta (Aβ)1‐42. Aβ1‐42 (1.25 μM) induced oxidative stress by significantly increasing the pro‐oxidant levels and decreasing the antioxidant levels in the cells. Additionally, it decreased the Na+/K+‐ATPase and Ca2+‐ATPase ion transporter activities and enhanced the acetylcholinesterase activity. However, CGA (100 μM) reversed these Aβ1‐42‐induced changes in SH‐SY5Y cells. Overall, CGA exerted neuroprotective effects against Aβ1‐42‐induced oxidative stress and impaired ion transporter and acetylcholinesterase activities, serving as a promising therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Identifying Financially Material Content in Corporate Social Responsibility Reports
Authors: Lang Tina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between financially material content in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports and the decision usefulness of these reports. Utilizing sustainability disclosure standards and a machine learning topic modeling algorithm, a firm‐specific quantitative measure of financially material content in CSR reports is developed. It is hypothesized that firms providing greater amounts of financially material CSR content enhance their information environment, which enables analysts to make more accurate earnings predictions. The findings confirm a positive relationship between the extent of financially material CSR content disclosed and analyst forecast accuracy. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of using machine learning to identify financially material content within unstructured voluntary disclosures and contributes to the literature on the financial materiality of CSR activities and their related disclosures.
Moving money to support social justice movements: A spiritual practice
Authors: Wernick Laura J. , Jimenez Danielle R. , Nimkarn Mica , Abbott Sarah , Green Ashley , Vaughn John H. , Robbins Blythe L. , Tice‐Brown Derek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWealth inequality is rising, and millennials will be the future recipients of the largest intergenerational wealth transfer. Meanwhile, there is a need to move more money to support transformative social justice movements. This study examines the impact of spirituality as a motivator for the social justice movement giving among progressive young adult activists with wealth and class privilege, organizing toward the equitable redistribution of wealth, land, and power. Using survey data (n = 560), regressions and mediation models suggest that spiritual motivation was a significant positive predictor of how much participants monetarily gave to social justice movements. While religion did not significantly predict movement giving, indirect effects models showed that spirituality positively mediated the effect of being raised with any religion on movement giving compared to those indicating no religion. Implications are explored for how transformative organizing models draw upon secular spiritual practices in their pursuit of individual and collective change.
Nematicidal Potentiality of Four Marine Molluscans' Defensive Secretions From the Red Sea Against Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) In Vitro
Authors: Radwan Nahla A. , Atlam Aalaa I. , Abdel‐ Malek Asmaa R. , Moustafa Alaa Y. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe continuous requirement to substitute safe and affordable alternatives for helminth medications, as well as address the resistance of some used drug classes, introduced bioactive products derived from marine animals into the field of competition; however, almost all the previous research only focused on their impact on bacterial and protozoal infection. In the present work, we investigated the potential in vitro nematocidal effect of the aqueous extract of defense secretions for four species of marine mollusks: two cephalopods, namely the cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis and the common Octopus Octopus vulagris and two gastropods, the sea hare Aplysia argus and the sea slug Berthillina citrina, against the adult murine pinworm Syphacia obvelata. Data showed dose and time efficacy in all examined extracts. The sea slug's skin acid secretion has the highest impact, causing death in the cultivated worms, followed by the ink of the sea hare, the common octopus and the cuttlefish, where LC90 after 10 h of exposure were 250, 290, 316, and 391 µg/mL, respectively. Comparatively with the control and albendazole‐treated groups, the skin acid secretion of the sea slug caused the highest levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, Cat and GSH‐PX; however, albendazole prompted the highest level of GSH‐PX enzyme in all experimental groups.