bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of grain dormancy under field conditions in a wheat (Triticum aestivum) qsd1 triple mutant
Authors: Kishi‐Kaboshi Mitsuko , Abe Fumitaka , Chono Makiko , Yamaji Nami , Sato Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGenome editing is a powerful tool for improving the agronomic traits of polyploid crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) by simultaneously generating mutations in multiple homoeologs. However, improvements in cultivars that are amenable to transformation (and thus genome editing) must be tested in region‐specific cultivars under field conditions. Grain dormancy helps ensure the appropriate timing of germination and strong dormancy helps prevent preharvest sprouting. We previously introduced mutations in all three homoeologs of quantitative trait locus for seed dormancy1 (Qsd1) in the wheat cultivar Fielder using genome editing and showed that this triple qsd1 mutant had strengthened grain dormancy under laboratory conditions. In this study, we introduced the triple qsd1 mutation into two Japanese cultivars, Tamaizumi and Tamaizumi R, by recurrent backcrossing. As in Fielder, the triple qsd1 mutation also altered grain dormancy in the Tamaizumi and Tamaizumi R genetic backgrounds under laboratory conditions. To evaluate the mutation's effect on grain dormancy in the field, we conducted field trials in two areas in Japan and assessed the dormancy of the harvested grains. This is the first report of field trials of genome‐edited wheat in Japan. Our findings demonstrate the importance of such trials for evaluating grain dormancy, which is influenced by environmental conditions.
Localization in WSN‐Assisted IoT Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques for Smart Agriculture
Authors: Singh Hina , Yadav Preeti , Rishiwal Vinay , Yadav Mano , Tanwar Sudeep , Singh Omkar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIt has been observed that the agriculture sector has picked exponential growth with the help of the integration of advanced technology like wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning (ML). They have not only created new opportunities but also boosted the efficiency and productivity in the sector. Out of so many significant hurdles, accurately pinpointing the positions of the sensor nodes and agricultural assets like crops, livestock, and machinery within the field is one major challenge. Merging ML with a WSN‐assisted IoT (WIoT) network has offered a promising solution to overcome the localization challenge for smart agriculture. This integration will greatly benefit agricultural practices, such as precision agriculture, fast decision‐making, accurate positioning of sensor nodes, monitoring, and managing real‐time data effectively. This paper comprehensively discusses state‐of‐the‐art techniques and methodologies employed in localization within WIoT networks for smart agriculture. It explores various ML algorithms, which include reinforcement learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning, to perform the localization activity precisely. Moreover, it explores how fusion technologies like WSN, IoT, ML, and sensors will enhance localization accuracy and reliability in various agriculture activities. Additionally, the paper discusses the application of localization in the agriculture sector, such as crop monitoring, livestock management, precision agriculture, environmental conditions, and crop monitoring. It also discusses the challenges and obstacles in the path domain of various evaluation parameters like energy efficiency, scalability, and robustness, along with research and societal implications. Overall, the paper provides valuable guidance and outlines potential directions for future research in ML‐driven localization in WIoT for smart agriculture, offering a clear roadmap for researchers.
An Innovative Method for Improving the Performance of UAV‐SM‐NOMA for 6G Networks Over Generalized Fading Channels
Authors: Neelam Mounika , Sundru Anuradha 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe emergence of 6G wireless communications has brought numerous challenges and opportunities for meeting the growing demands of enhanced system capacity, higher data rates, lower latency, improved security, and stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements. One promising solution to tackle these challenges involves utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in conjunction with nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and spatial modulation (SM). However, optimizing the performance of UAV‐based SM‐NOMA systems for both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) over generalized fading channels (α–μ, k–μ and η–μ) while simultaneously considering multiple objectives is a complex task. To address these challenges, this paper proposes integrating the monarch butterfly optimization algorithm (MBOA) into UAV‐SM‐NOMA systems for 6G networks. Inspired by the foraging behavior of monarch butterflies, the MBOA aims to enhance UAV‐based SM‐NOMA systems' performance by optimizing resource allocation, increasing system sum rate, reducing outage probability (OP) and bit error rate (BER), improving spectrum efficiency (SE), and ensuring desirable signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) levels. Key findings include that the MBOA effectively improves performance metrics across generalized fading channels compared to existing UAV‐assisted NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) models. Simulation results confirm that the proposed UAV‐assisted SM‐NOMA model with MBOA significantly outperforms conventional approaches, demonstrating superior capacity, reliability, and efficiency in 6G network scenarios.
Hydrologically sensitive carbonates: Tectonic and groundwater controls on synrift sedimentation in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous of the western Cameros Basin, Northern Spain
Authors: Platt Nigel H. , Wright V. Paul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBasin hydrology and subcrop are key controls on carbonate sedimentation in continental basins. Hydrologically sensitive carbonates can record groundwater fluctuations within an aquifer in deep time. Late Jurassic extension, footwall uplift, erosion and karstification of marine Jurassic carbonates in the western Cameros Basin (Spain) saw deposition of ?Upper Kimmeridgian‐Tithonian syntectonic alluvial fan deposits (Señora de Brezales Formation). Biogenic laminar calcretes and phreatophytic rhizocretions record roots exploiting capillary fringe groundwater. Progressive infill of rift topography and footwall erosion lowered sedimentary gradients and clastic supply during deposition of the ?Tithonian–Berriasian Rupelo Formation. Distal alluvial marls (Las Viñas Member) contain charophytes, with 2 m thick carbonate lenses at the top reflecting intermittent rise of groundwater in ponds on the basin floor. Stacked palustrine limestones with rare charophytes and laminar calcretes (Ladera Member) record overstep of seasonal carbonate wetlands onto basin margins and footwall highs with intense pedogenetic modification during lengthy seasonal exposure. Overlying Berriasian charophyte‐ostracod wackestones, displaying microkarst cavities and interbedded intraclastic conglomerates, with vivianite sauropod bones, footprints and polygonal desiccation cracks at the top (Mambrillas de Lara Member) record open lacustrine conditions with limited subaerial exposure and high water tables. Desiccation‐cracked limestones and marls with correlatable evaporite horizons (Rio Cabrera Member) contain marginal marine foraminifera and dasycladaceae at the top. Lagoonal conditions reflected transgression to seaward and intermittent marine connection via the Basco‐Cantabrian Basin. The distribution and thicknesses of hydrologically sensitive carbonates reflected onlap onto a faulted and karstified marine Jurassic carbonate pediment and the subtle influence on hydroperiod of fault (and potentially localised Triassic salt) controlled differential subsidence and transgressive groundwater rise. Hydrological facies evolution reflects progressive basin infilling and eustasy beyond. Transitions in this continental succession from clastic to carbonate facies and from closed to open hydrology record hydrological change over time rather than contemporaneous deposition under Walther's Law.
Managing Eating Disorders Within Medicaid‐Funded Health Care Systems in California
Authors: Accurso Erin C. , Ling Jennifer , Mu Karen J. , Bruton Noelle , Perez Marta , Wagner Ricki , Snyder Holly 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study describes the current management of patients with eating disorders (EDs) served by publicly–funded Medicaid behavioral health systems.MethodBehavioral health leaders across nine counties in California met on a quarterly basis to share experiences, challenges, and lessons in the management of EDs within publicly–funded service systems. Detailed notes were taken, and a qualitative content analysis was undertaken to identify key themes.ResultsCounty leadership noted insufficient outpatient capacity and difficulty building capacity for ED treatment, in addition to extraordinary challenges when facilitating admission to out‐of‐network higher level of care programs, at significant expense. Several challenges were identified in building an internal ED workforce, including the fact that many providers weren't eager to treat EDs due to training burden, patient complexity, and high levels of clinician burnout. When a higher level of care was required due to lack of outpatient resources or patient symptom severity or complexity, leaders dedicated significant resources to identify and contract with an appropriate program and secure the necessary funds.DiscussionOur study supports the need for specialized ED treatment and case management, as well as standardized processes and centralized resources, in Medicaid‐managed care. Findings also indicate the importance of protecting against clinician burnout, possibly through reduced caseload expectations, financial incentives, or increased support. Future policy change could reduce administrative burden and clinician burnout by facilitating admission to and reimbursement for higher levels of care.
Method of estimating sea‐surface paleotemperatures through biotic proxies: A case study in Upper Paleozoic paleoclimatic, paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions of Siberia
Authors: Davydov Vladimir I. , Karasev Eugeny V. , Popova Elizaveta V. , Poletaev Vladislav I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a novel approach for quantitatively assessing sea‐surface paleotemperatures examined in the Upper Paleozoic of Siberia, utilizing the obtained in the region data as a case study of the use of this method. The method relies on evaluating the taxonomic composition and ecological proxies of biota. It utilizes a comprehensive dataset encompassing the geographic distribution and ecology of various biotic groups in Siberia and adjacent regions, leveraging the newly developed by the authors large PaleoSib database and partially the Paleobiology Database (paleobiology.org) The taxonomy has been used according to the database of Global Biodiversity Information Facility (gbif.org). Fossils collected from individual locations often exhibit a wide spectrum of paleotemperatures. To address this variability, we developed an algorithm for calculating average biotic paleotemperatures in each locality/time slice. Our computations of the available data have unveiled a coherent pattern of paleoclimate dynamics, particularly Sea Surface Temperature, across Siberian basins and surrounding areas during the Late Paleozoic era. These findings significantly contribute to a refined comprehension of paleoclimate and paleotectonic dynamics in the region during that specific time. To enhance paleotemperature analyses, we have integrated lithological indices with biotic ones, fortifying the overall methodology and furnishing a more robust framework for interpreting paleoclimate data. The method could be a helpful tool in regional and interregional studies, regardless of the utilized rock's age and fossil groups.
Tuning Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Variation of the Crystallite Size in Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 and its Influence on the Performance in CO2‐to‐Methanol Synthesis
Authors: Schulte Mariam L. , Catharina Sender V. , Baumgarten Lorena , Beck Arik , Nilayam Ajai R. Lakshmi , Saraçi Erisa , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCO2 hydrogenation to methanol (MeOH) is a key transformation in the Power‐to‐liquid concept, which aims to store energy in chemical energy carriers and chemicals. Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 (CZZ) shows great promise due to its enhanced stability in the presence of water, a critical by‐product when utilizing CO2‐based feedstocks. The structure‐sensitivity of this reaction, especially for particle sizes below 10 nm and in three‐component systems, remains highly debated. Herein, we systematically prepared a series of CZZ catalysts by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) to vary the crystallite size and to study its effect on methanol synthesis in this three‐component system. FSP enabled us to maintain a fixed Cu/Zn/Zr ratio close to the commercial composition (61/29/10 atomic ratio), while varying the precursor feed rate. This resulted in variation in the crystallinity. The characterization by X‐ray diffraction and electron microscopy revealed an increase in crystallite size with rising feed rate for Cu and t‐ZrO2, whereas ZnO remained mostly unaffected. The testing of the materials in methanol synthesis uncovered an increase in performance, higher space time yield and MeOH selectivity, with decreasing crystallite size for two (Cu, t‐ZrO2) of its three components. The increased selectivity with smaller sizes might be attributed to an increase in interfacial sites.
Study on temperature evolution law of coal containing gas under uniaxial loading process with different loading rates
Authors: Cao Yaolin , Hao Jianfeng , Sun Weiji , Su Weiwei , Tian Fuchao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to investigate the evolution law of coal temperature during the gestation process of coal and gas outburst, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation approaches were employed. Infrared thermal radiation experiments on the surface of outburst coal during uniaxial loading and failure of coal were conducted. A coal and gas thermal‐hydromechanical coupling model considering the endothermic effect of desorption was established. Numerical simulation of uniaxial loading of gas‐containing coal was implemented to study the influences of deformation energy, frictional heat, and adsorption/desorption endothermic effects on coal temperature. The results indicate that the temperature of coal samples during the uniaxial loading and failure process generally exhibits a stepwise temperature increase. In the initial stage, the elastic thermal effect leads to a slow and fluctuating rise in the temperature of coal samples. During the yield and plastic deformation stages, frictional heat causes a rapid increase in the temperature of coal samples. With the increase of the loading rate, the increment of the temperature of coal samples gradually decreases and reaches the peak when the loading stress is 70% of the peak stress. According to the numerical calculation results, with the increase of the loading rate, the temperature reduction caused by gas desorption relatively decreases. By comparing the experimental results and numerical simulation results, it is found that the temperature reduction caused by desorption is greater than the temperature increments caused by deformation energy and frictional heat. The desorption endothermic effect and frictional heat effect are the dominant factors controlling the temperature variation of coal during the gestation process of outburst. The research achievements have significant theoretical significance and practical value for revealing the temperature evolution mechanism during the gestation process of coal and gas outburst, predicting coal and gas outburst, and protecting the atmospheric environment.
Multi‐aspect assessment and multi‐objective optimization of preheated tallow biodiesel‐diesel blend as alternate fuel in CI engine
Authors: Kumar Saket , Yadav Prem Shanker , Kumar Manish , Gautam Raghvendra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study meticulously examined the impact of preheated tallow biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. Employing a single‐cylinder, water‐cooled diesel engine configured with exhaust gas recirculation in this investigation, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) could be used to preheat the biodiesel, reducing its viscosity and density. This improvement in viscosity and density could enhance the injection process, which is often hindered by the higher density and viscosity of biodiesel compared with diesel fuel. The investigation achieved a peak preheat temperature of 70°C for the biodiesel, leading to notable improvements in brake thermal efficiency and brake power, particularly under high‐load conditions. A significant reduction in emissions was observed, with hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels decreasing by 46.87% and 50%, respectively, when using preheated biodiesel. To refine the engine's performance further, this study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) for the optimization of operational parameters, including injection timing, engine load, and biodiesel preheat temperatures. Optimal conditions were identified at an injection timing of 21° before top dead centre, a preheat temperature of 64°C, and an engine load of 45.45% for which output response was 18.68% brake thermal efficiency, 307°C EGT, 0.0247% vol. CO, 15.32 ppm hydrocarbons, and 131.37 ppm nitrogen oxides (NOx). The successful implementation of preheated tallow biodiesel signifies a crucial step forward in the pursuit of a more sustainable and efficient transportation industry. This advancement holds the promise of reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels, thereby contributing to the global efforts towards achieving a more environmentally friendly energy landscape.
Energy Efficiency and Economic Survivance Appraisal of a 375 kWp Rooftop Solar PV System Under Hot and Dry Indian Climate
Authors: Poonia Surendra , Santra Priyabrata , Singh A. K. , Singh Digvijay , Kumar Mahesh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIndia's rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) installations are experiencing rapid growth due to favorable regulations. As climate change becomes a growing concern, researchers are turning their attention to the effects of weather patterns on the performance of rooftop solar panels, and also to optimize their efficiency in a changing environment. Consequently, industry players in the solar sector have been conducting performance validation and feasibility assessments of these plants. A 375 kWp rooftop PV plant is studied as a case example from April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023, generating 543,666 kWh annually for the grid. The NMBE and MBE were assessed using simulation tools like PVGIS and PV Watts. In addition, a cost–benefit analysis of carbon credits was conducted with and without their inclusion. The energy payback time is calculated at 4.5 years post‐inclusion. Over a 25‐year lifespan, the embodied energy of the PV plant amounts to 2,552,265 kWh. This plant can mitigate CO2 emissions annually by 10,173.57 tons which is equivalent to INR 5,464,925. The current study highlights both environmental and economic benefits by incorporating carbon credits into the project. Further advancement in simulation tools, PV technologies, climate change adaptations are expected which will improve the rooftop system efficiency with shorten pay pabck periods and maximum reductions in CO2 emissions.
Wavelet Phase Coherence Analysis of Oxyhemoglobin and DeoxyHemoglobin Oscillations to Investigate the Relationship Between Cups of Cupping Therapy
Authors: Huang Liwan , Mo Pu‐Chun , Samadi Mansoureh , Shen Wei‐Cheng , Yu Hongjun , Hernandez Manuel , Jan Yih‐Kuen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTResearch has not demonstrated whether multiple cups of negative pressure cupping therapy would induce interactions of hemodynamic responses between different areas. A multichannel near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin oscillations in response to cupping therapy. Wavelet transform and wavelet phase (WPC) coherence were used to quantify NIRS signals. Three levels of negative pressure (−75, −225, and −300 mmHg) were applied to the gastrocnemius in 12 healthy adults. Oxyhemoglobin coherence between the two inside‐cup areas was higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.80 ± 0.11 vs. 0.73 ± 0.13) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.70 ± 0.11 vs. 0.60 ± 0.17) controls. Deoxyhemoglobin coherence was also higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.67 ± 0.11 vs. 0.58 ± 0.13) controls. Our study provides first evidence on the interaction of hemodynamic responses between the two cups of cupping therapy using WPC analysis of NIRS signals.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Highly Porous CeO2‐Doped Zr Nanoparticles for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Arularasu M. V. , Rajendran T. V. , Arkook Bassim , Harb Moussab , Kaviyarasu K. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to develop an ultrasonic‐assisted synthesis method for the fabrication of CeO2‐doped Zr nanoparticles that would improve the performance of supercapacitor electrodes. This method, which eliminates the need for high‐temperature calcination, involves embedding CeO2 into Zr nanoparticles through 1 hr (CeO2‐Zr‐1) and 2 hrs (CeO2‐Zr‐2) of ultrasonic irradiation, resulting in the formation of nanostructures with significant improvements in their electrochemical properties. Through physicochemical analysis, we observed that the CeO2‐doped Zr nanoparticles, particularly those treated for 2 hrs (CeO2‐Zr‐2), exhibit superior crystalline phase purity, optimal chemical surface composition, minimal agglomeration with particle sizes below 50 nm, and an impressive average surface area of 178 m2/g. Compared to the 1 hr irradiation samples (CeO2‐Zr‐1) and undoped CeO2 nanoparticles, the (CeO2‐Zr‐2) electrodes demonstrated a remarkable capacitance of 198 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 A/g while maintaining ~94.9% of their capacity after 3750 cycles. This indicates not only good reversibility but also exceptional stability. In (CeO2‐Zr‐2) samples, the nanospherical structure achieved through ultrasonic synthesis is responsible for the enhanced capacitive behavior and stability, along with the synergistic effects caused by Zr doping, which improves the CeO2 nanoparticle conductivity to a significant extent. Surface areas of the electrodes are larger due to the combination of these two materials, which contribute to their superior performance.