bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A POLITICS OF CARE: LOCAL NURSES IN MANDATE PALESTINE
Authors: Shatz Julia R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article examines the work experiences of Palestinian Arab nurses to illuminate the operation of the colonial public health regime in Mandate Palestine. Analyzing nurses’ work in the clinics of town and village communities and their relationships with the colonial government's Department of Health, it argues that these nurses were social and political interlocutors in the system of public health, which depended upon their intimate relationships with local communities. By pulling these women out of the archives, this article complicates received wisdom among scholars about development, expertise, and the chronology of welfare. Telling the stories of these women also provides a ground-level view of the operation of daily governance in Mandate Palestine and the lived social, political, and economic realities of an often-overlooked cadre of Palestinian workers from that period.
Variation in the ovine keratin-associated protein 15-1 gene affects wool yield
Authors: Li W. , Gong H. , Zhou H. , Wang J. , Liu X. , Li S. , Luo Y. , Hickford J. G. H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractKeratin-associated proteins (KAPs) are constituents of wool and hair fibres and are believed to play an important role in determining the characteristics of the fibres. In the current study, a polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) approach was used to screen for variation in the ovine KAP15-1 gene (KRTAP15-1). Four PCR-SSCP banding patterns, representing four different variants (named A to D), were detected. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms were found within the coding region and three of these were non-synonymous. The effect of this genetic variation on wool traits was investigated in 396 Merino × Southdown-cross sheep. Of the three variants found in these sheep (A, B and C), the presence of B was found to be associated with decreased wool yield, while C was associated with increased wool yield and decreased fibre diameter standard deviation. Sheep of genotype AC had a higher wool yield than those of genotype AA or AB.
An Ancient Greek Lament Form
Authors: Cosgrove Charles H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn unusual ancient Greek lament form, hitherto overlooked by students of the subject, displays the following syntax: parallel sentences with verb in initial position (Vi) expressing the loss, followed by the grammatical subject (S). Sometimes the same verb was used in each of the parallel lines. ViS parallelism is a subliterary syntax reflecting a very old style. A number of Greek authors adopted this syntax to represent or allusively echo the form. Examples, although relatively scarce, are spread through a diverse range of ancient literature spanning at least six centuries, from the second century BC to the fourth century AD, with earlier echoes as far back as Homer.
Pindar and the Epic Cycle
Authors: Spelman Henry 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article argues that Pindar refers to cyclic Trojan epics as fixed poems known to his audiences and discusses why this matters for our understanding of his poetry. Section I claims that Isthmian 4 alludes to the Aethiopis as the work of Homer. Section II examines how Nemean 10 closely engages with the Cypria. Section III argues that Nemean 6 and Isthmian 8 signal an intertextual engagement with the Aethiopis and the Cypria. A conclusion assesses how far we can extrapolate from the preceding arguments to generalize about Pindar's relationship to Trojan epic and then suggests one particular way in which recognizing allusions to lost epic can enrich our understanding of his preserved lyric.
Indications of Speakers in Ancient Dialogue: A Reappraisal
Authors: Jażdżewska Katarzyna 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis contribution reconsiders the question of indications of speakers in ancient Greek dialogue literature and their ‘invention’ by Theodoret of Cyrus by offering a systematic examination of the available (mostly papyrological) evidence. It discusses ancient conventions for marking changes of interlocutors in Greek literary dialogues and compares them with those present in dramatic works and in documentary and paraliterary texts such as reports of court proceedings, the Acta Alexandrinorum and Acta Martyrum, and reports of Church councils. It is hypothesized that the development of indications of speakers in Greek dialogue was influenced by documentary practices of the Imperial period and by paraliterary genres which imitated them.
Human Stampedes: An Updated Review of Current Literature
Authors: de Almeida Maria Moitinho , von Schreeb Johan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHuman stampedes are a major cause of mortality in mass gatherings, but they have received limited scientific attention. While the number of publications has increased, there is no recent review of new study results. This study compiles and reviews available literature on stampedes, their prevention, preparedness, and response.A search for peer-reviewed and grey literature in PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA), Google Scholar (Google Inc.; Mountain View, California USA), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters; New York, New York USA), the World Health Organization Library Database (WHOLIS; World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland), and ReliefWeb (UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; Geneva, Switzerland) was conducted, and papers were selected according to pre-defined eligibility criteria. Included items were read and results were compiled and summarized. A total of 64 publications were included, of which, 34 were published between 2013-2016. The most studied events were Germany’s Love Parade stampede in 2010 (Duisburg, Germany; n = 6) and the United Kingdom (UK) Hillsborough Stadium stampede in 1989 (Sheffield, England; n = 4). Conflicting definitions of human stampedes were found. The common belief that they result from an irrational and panicking crowd has progressively been replaced by studies suggesting that successive systemic failures are main underlying causes. There is a lack of systematic reporting, making news reports often the only source available. Prevention measures are mainly related to crowd management and venue design, but their effectiveness has not been studied. Drills are recommended in the preparedness phase to improve coordination and communication. Delay in decisions, poor triage, or loss of medical records are common problems in the response, which may worsen the outcome.Stampedes are complex phenomenon that remain incompletely understood, hampering formulation of evidence-based strategies for their prevention and management. Documentation comes mostly from high-profile events and findings are difficult to extrapolate to other settings. More research from different disciplines is warranted to address these gaps in order to prevent and mitigate future events. A start would be to decide on a common definition of stampedes.Moitinho de AlmeidaM,von SchreebJ.Human stampedes: an updated review of current literature.Prehosp Disaster Med.2019;34(1):82–88.
Long-term stellar magnetic field study at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory
Authors: Butkovskaya Varvara , Plachinda Sergei , Baklanova Dilyara 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe long-term monitoring of magnetic cycles is a key diagnostic in understanding how dynamo generation and amplification of magnetic fields occur in solar-like stars. One of the current key problems is the establishment of the magnetic field behavior during the activity cycles for stars of different ages and evolutionary statuses. We present the experience of using own long-term datasets for study of activity cycles in selected stars at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory.
Statistical Study of Solar White-light Flares and Comparison with Superflares on Solar-type Stars
Authors: Namekata Kosuke , Sakaue Takahito , Watanabe Kyoko , Asai Ayumi , Maehara Hiroyuki , Notsu Yuta , Notsu Shota , Honda Satoshi , Ishii Takako T. , Ikuta Kai , Nogami Daisaku , Shibata Kazunari 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, many superflares on solar-type stars were discovered as white-light flares (WLFs). A correlation between the energies (E) and durations (t) of superflares is derived as t∝E0.39, and this can be theoretically explained by magnetic reconnection (t∝E1/3). In this study, we carried out a statistical research on 50 solar WLFs with SDO/HMI to examine the t-E relation. As a result, the t-E relation on solar WLFs (t∝E0.38) is quite similar stellar superflares, but the durations of stellar superflares are much shorter than those extrapolated from solar WLFs. We present the following two interpretations; (1) in solar flares, the cooling timescale of WL emission may be longer than the reconnection one, and the decay time can be determined by the cooling timescale; (2) the distribution can be understood by applying a scaling law t∝E1/3B−5/3 derived from the magnetic reconnection theory.
22 Year Solar Magnetic Cycle and its relation to Convection Zone Dynamics
Authors: Jain Kiran , Tripathy Sushanta , Komm Rudolf , Hill Frank , Simoniello Rosaria 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUsing continuous observations for 22 years from ground-based network GONG and space-borne instruments MDI onboard SoHO and HMI onboard SDO, we report both global and local properties of the convection zone and their variations with time.
Properties of Coronal Holes in Solar Cycle 21-23 using McIntosh archive
Authors: Mazumder Rakesh , Bhowmik Prantika , Nandy Dibyendu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe study the properties of coronal holes during solar cycle 21-23 from the McIntosh archive. In the spatial distribution of coronal hole area we find that there is a sharp increase in coronal hole area at high latitude in agreement with expected open flux configuration there. In overall spatiotemporal distribution of coronal hole centroids, we find the dominance of high latitude coronal holes except for the maximum of the solar cycle, when coronal holes mostly appear in low latitudes. This is in agreement with the expected solar cycle evolution of surface magnetic flux.
Sunspot group tilt angles from drawings for cycles 19-24
Authors: Işık Emre , Işık Seda , Kabasakal Bahar B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe tilt angle of a sunspot group is a critical quantity in the surface transport of magnetic flux and the solar dynamo. To contribute long-term databases of the tilt angle, we developed an IDL routine, which allows the user to interactively select and measure sunspot positions and areas on the solar disc. We measured the tilt angles of sunspot groups for solar cycles 19-24 (1954.6-2017.8), using the sunspot drawing database of Kandilli Observatory. The method is similar to that used in the discontinued Mt. Wilson and Kodaikanal databases, with the exception that sunspot groups were identified manually, which has improved the accuracy of the resulting tilt angles. We obtained cycle averages of the tilt angle and compared them with the values from other datasets, keeping the same group selection criteria. We conclude that the previously reported anti-correlation with the cycle strength needs further investigation.
A prediction of the solar cycle 25
Authors: Jiang Jie , Wang Jing-Xiu , Jiao Qi-Rong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHere we report our recent prediction of the solar cycle 25 based on a newly developed scheme, which is used to investigate the predictability of the solar cycle over one cycle. The scheme is a combination of the empirical properties of solar cycles and a surface flux transport model to get the possible axial dipole moment evolution at a few years before cycle minimum, by which to get the subsequent cycle strength based on the correlation between the axial dipole moment at cycle minimum and the subsequent cycle strength. We apply this scheme to predict the large-scale field evolution since 2018 onwards. The results show that the northern polar field will keep on increasing, while the southern polar field almost keeps flat by the end of cycle 24. This leads to the cycle 25 strength of 125 ± 32, which is about 10% stronger than cycle 24 according to the mean value.
Solar cycle variation of coronal mass ejections contribution to solar wind mass flux
Authors: Mishra Wageesh , Srivastava Nandita , Mirtoshev Zavkiddin , Wang Yuming 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCoronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) contribute to the perturbation of solar wind in the heliosphere. Thus, depending on the different phases of the solar cycle and the rate of CME occurrence, contribution of CMEs to solar wind parameters near the Earth changes. In the present study, we examine the long term occurrence rate of CMEs, their speeds, angular widths and masses. We attempt to find correlation between near sun parameters of the CMEs with near the Earth measurements. Importantly, we attempt to find what fraction of the averaged solar wind mass near the Earth is provided by the CMEs during different phases of the solar cycles.
Role of the background regimes towards the Solar Mean Magnetic Field (SMMF)
Authors: Bose Souvik , Nagaraju K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Solar Mean Magnetic Field (SMMF) is generally defined as the disc-averaged line-of-sight (LOS) magnetic field on the sun. The role of the active regions and the large-scale magnetic field structures (also called the background) has been debated over the past few decades to understand whether the origin of the SMMF is either due to the active regions or the background. We, in this paper have investigated contribution of sunspots, plages, networks and the background towards the variability of the SMMF using the datasets from the SDO-AIA & HMI, and found that 89% of the SMMF is due to the background whereas the remaining 11% originates from the active regions and the networks.
Ca II K spectroheliograms for studies of long-term changes in solar irradiance
Authors: Chatzistergos Theodosios , Ermolli Ilaria , Krivova Natalie A. , Solanki Sami K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe address the importance of historical full-disc Ca II K spectroheliograms for solar activity and irradiance reconstruction studies. We review our work on processing such data to enable them to be used in irradiance reconstructions. We also present our preliminary estimates of the plage areas from five of the longest available historical Ca II K archives.
Who Represents Women in Turkey? An Analysis of Gender Difference in Private Bill Sponsorship in the 2011–15 Turkish Parliament
Authors: Bektas Eda , Issever-Ekinci Esra 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, we examine substantive representation of women in the 2011–15 Turkish Parliament by focusing on sponsorship of private members’ bills by members of parliament (MPs) across eight major issue areas. The Turkish case offers new insights into women's representation, not only because this topic is unexplored in the Turkish context but also because it provides an opportunity to examine the tension between gender as a social identity and ideology as a political identity in a legislature characterized by disciplined political parties and low gender parity. Findings indicate that women MPs in Turkey substantively represent women by sponsoring more bills on women's rights and equality issues than their male colleagues, despite their low numbers in parliament and affiliation with highly disciplined parties. Party ideology also shapes women MPs’ issue priorities depending on the emphasis placed by the parties on different issue areas. Whereas left-wing women MPs sponsor more bills on women's rights and equality issues defined with a feminist accent, right-wing women MPs sponsor more bills on issues regarding children and family. Left-wing women also differ significantly from right-wing women in their sponsorship of bills on health and social affairs issues, as left-wing parties prioritize those issues more than right-wing parties.
Fagchild Tools: Softening the Body Politic and Sexualizing Paul Ryan in a Pussy-Grabbing Era
Authors: Thomas Queer J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article cautions against the strong impulse in the #MeToo movement to desexualize politics. Informed by queer theory, the article argues that the public desexualization imperative, represented by indignation toward President Donald Trump's pussy-grabbing antics and the concomitant, albeit justified, movement to expose decades of his sexual harassment of women, casts a shadow across queer citizens that chills sexual expression in democratic discourse and public life. The public desexualization imperative presents a double bind that creates, on one hand, public spaces that are less threatening and discriminatory to women and, on the other, public spaces that—from a queer white cisgender man's perspective, one whose only “marking” is his sexuality—erase queers’ valued differences. The author uses personal narrative to describe and apply tools (conceptualized as fagchild tools) that help navigate tensions between women's equality movements and queer efforts to gain fuller, more open sexual citizenship. The article focuses, first, on softening the body politic (implicitly a white cisgender heterosexual male body) to provide sociopolitical space for sexual pluralism. Second, the article uses the sexualization of House Speaker Paul Ryan to argue that making space for queer sexualities may require accommodating the expression of nonqueer sexualities, including those that most of us find offensive.
Timing of Parents’ Concerns Related to Autism Spectrum Disorder and its Diagnosis: A Mediation Analysis
Authors: Garrido Dunia , Carballo Gloria , Artis Jonet , Garcia-Retamero Rocio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractParents are the first to indicate concerns about their child’s development in up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They often notice symptoms related to ASD around the first two years, but the average age of diagnosis is 3.5 years old. This study examined the relationships between parents’ early concerns and the time lag between suspicion and diagnosis. Forty-eight Spanish-speaking families were enrolled in this study. Parents were asked about early signs that made them think that their child could possibly have ASD. Mediation analyses showed that the child’s age at suspicion mediated between sibling status and the time lag between suspicion and a formal diagnosis (β = –.53,p< .01). Having another child with typical development accelerated parents’ detection of ASD signs (β = –.62,p< .001). The number of social-communication concerns that parents detected mediated this relationship (β = –.28,p< .01). Parents who reported more social-communication concerns perceived these signs earlier, but have to cope with a longer time lag until diagnosis than those who reported more concerns related to restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests, or other developmental concerns. Moreover, this relationship between concerns of ASD and the diagnoses was explained by the child’s age. Training pediatricians on how to respond to parent questions and concerns could reduce the time lag between parents’ concerns and diagnosis of ASD.
High Temporal Resolution Monitoring of Small Variations in Crustal Strain by Dense Seismic Arrays
Authors: Mao Shujuan , Campillo Michel , van der Hilst Robert D. , Brenguier Florent , Stehly Laurent , Hillers Gregor 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate the feasibility of detecting very weak deformation in the shallow crust with high temporal resolution by monitoring the relative changes in seismic wave velocity (dv/v) using dense arrays of seismometers. We show that the dv/v variations are consistent between independent measurements from two seismic arrays. Dominant peaks in the observed dv/v spectrum suggest that tides and temperature changes are the major causes of daily and subdaily velocity changes, in accordance with theoretical strain modeling. Our analysis illustrates that dv/v perturbations of the order of 10−4, corresponding to crustal strain changes of the order of 10−8, can be measured from ambient seismic noise with a temporal resolution of 1 hr. This represents a low‐cost technique for high precision and high time‐resolution monitoring of crustal deformation that is complementary to existing geodetic measurements and is instrumental in both the detection and understanding of low‐amplitude precursory processes of natural catastrophic events.
Magnetotelluric Image of Transcrustal Magmatic System Beneath the Tulu Moye Geothermal Prospect in the Ethiopian Rift
Authors: Samrock Friedemann , Grayver Alexander V. , Eysteinsson Hjalmar , Saar Martin O. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractContinental rifting is initiated by a dynamic interplay between tectonic stretching and mantle upwelling. Decompression melting assists continental breakup through lithospheric weakening and enforces upflow of melt to the Earth's surface. However, the details about melt transport through the brittle crust and storage under narrow rift‐aligned magmatic segments remain largely unclear. Here we present a crustal‐scale electrical conductivity model for a magmatic segment in the Ethiopian Rift, derived from 3‐D phase tensor inversion of magnetotelluric data. Our subsurface model shows that melt migrates along preexisting weak structures and is stored in different concentrations on two major interconnected levels, facilitating the formation of a convective hydrothermal system. The obtained model of a transcrustal magmatic system offers new insights into rifting mechanisms, evolution of magma ascent, and prospective geothermal reservoirs.
Rupture Termination in Laboratory‐Generated Earthquakes
Authors: Ke Chun‐Yu , McLaskey Gregory C. , Kammer David S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEarthquakes are dynamic rupture events that initiate, propagate, and terminate on faults within the Earth's crust. Understanding rupture termination is essential for accurately estimating the maximum magnitude earthquake a region might experience. We study termination on sequences of M − 2.5 earthquakes that rupture a 3‐m granite laboratory sample. At this large scale, nucleation, propagation, and termination are either completely or partially confined within the sample–unique observations for experiments on rock. We compare measured termination locations to estimates from a fracture mechanics‐based model to quantify the fracture energy of the laboratory earthquakes, which compare well with estimates from small natural quakes. Our results provide a mathematical framework that links micrometer‐scale friction parameters to meter‐scale earthquake mechanics, shows that a 3‐m slab of granite can behave similar to a 200‐mm sheet of glassy polymer, and demonstrates how small events can prime a fault for larger, damaging ones.
Tsunami versus Infragravity Surge: Comparison of the Physical Character of Extreme Runup
Authors: Montoya Luis , Lynett Patrick 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent observations of energetic infragravity (IG) flooding events, such as those in the Philippines during Typhoon Haiyan, suggest that IG surges may approach the coast as breaking bores with periods of minutes: a very tsunami‐like characteristic. Energetic IG waves have been observed in various locations around the world and have led to loss of lives and damages to property. In this study, a comparison of overland flow characteristics between tsunamis and energetic IG wave events is presented. In general, whenever the tsunamis and energetic IG waves have similar runup, tsunamis tend to generate greater flow depths and longer flood durations than IG. However, flow velocities and Froude number are larger for IG primarily due to bore‐bore capture. This study provides a statistical and physical discriminant between tsunami and IG, such that in areas exposed to both, a proper interpretation of overland transport, deposition, and damage is possible.