bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloid sarcoma of the heart—A clinicopathological correlation
Authors: Skok Kristijan , Zacharias Martin , Verheyen Nicolas , Hatzl Stefan , Scholz Laura , Langner Cord , Hoefler Gerald , Vagena Fotini Rosi 
Published: December 2024

SummaryA 63-year-old woman with a history of acute myeloid leukemia followed by stem cell transplantation presented with acute heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction with severe ventricular hypertrophy and signs of elevated filling pressures indicating infiltrative cardiomyopathy. She died from cardiac arrest due to cardiogenic shock. The autopsy revealed an enlarged heart with a fish-flesh appearance. Here, we describe a rare case of a myeloid sarcoma of the heart.
Dynamical stability and instability of Poincaré–Einstein manifolds
Authors: Kröncke Klaus , Yudowitz Louis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We prove dynamical stability and instability theorems for Poincaré–Einstein metrics under the Ricci flow. Our key tool is a variant of the expander entropy for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds, which Dahl, McCormick and the first author established in a recent article. It allows us to characterize stability and instability in terms of a local positive mass theorem and in terms of volume comparison for nearby metrics.
Free amino acids accelerate the time-dependent inactivation of rat liver nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase Enpp3 elicited by EDTA
Authors: Romero Ana , Cumplido-Laso Guadalupe , Fernández Ascensión , Moreno Javier , Canales José , Ferreira Rui , López-Gómez Juan , Ribeiro João Meireles , Costas María Jesús , Cameselle José Carlos 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNucleotide-pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases (NPP/PDE) are membrane or secreted Zn2+-metallohydrolases of nucleoside-5´-monophosphate derivatives. They hydrolyze, for instance, ATP and 4-nitrophenyl-dTMP, and belong to the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family that contains seven members (ENPP1-ENPP7). Earlier we had shown that an NPP/PDE activity solubilized and partially purified from rat liver membranes is inactivated by EDTA in a time-dependent fashion, an effect enhanced by glycine and blocked by the 4-nitrophenyl-dTMP. Here, we extended this observation to other free amino acids. Activity assays started after different incubation lengths with EDTA provided first-order, apparent inactivation constants (ki(ap)). With the exception of cysteine (a strong inhibitor) and histidine (itself evoking a time-dependent inactivation), free amino acids themselves did not affect activity but increased ki(ap). The results are compatible with a conformational change of NPP/PDE evoked by interaction with free amino acids. The enzyme preparation was analyzed to identify what ENPP family members were present. First, the hydrolytic activity on 2´,3´-cGAMP was assayed because until very recently ENPP1 was the only mammalian enzyme known to display it. 2´,3´-cGAMP hydrolase activity was clearly detected, but mass spectrometry data obtained by LC-MS/MS gave evidence that only rat Enpp3, Enpp4 and Enpp5 were present with low abundance. This finding coincided in time with a recent publication claiming that mouse Enpp3 hydrolyzes 2´,3´-cGAMP, and that Enpp1 and Enpp3 account for all the 2´,3´-cGAMP hydrolase activity in mice. So, our results are confirmatory of Enpp3 activity towards 2´,3´-cGAMP. Finally, the effect of amino acids could be relevant to NPP/PDE actions dependent on protein-protein interactions, like the known insulin-related effects of ENPP1 and possibly ENPP3.
Using tracer particle kinematics to sense particle size in rotating drums
Authors: Laudari Sudip , Marks Benjy , Rognon Pierre 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Comminution is an energy intensive process. In SAG-mills, it is achieved by rotating a drum in which large metal balls crush ore particles. In-situ monitoring of particle size would be of considerable interest to optimize their operation. However, there is no established solution to measure particle size in such a harsh mechanical environment. We show here that the acceleration of the grinding media, which can be monitored using embedded accelerometers, can be used to sense the particle size and size distribution during operation. In DEM simulations, we find that a machine learning classifier is able to detect the size and distribution of small particles solely based on the knowledge of the acceleration of larger grinding media particles. Results show that this kinematic sensing is effective over a wide range of particle size ratios, size distribution, mixture ratio and mill charge. Beyond their potential applications in mineral processing, these results point out that the kinematics of large particles is affected by the size of the smaller particles, an observation which can help advance rheological models for bi-disperse granular flows.

Graphical Abstract
Stgcn-pad: a spatial-temporal graph convolutional network for detecting abnormal pedestrian motion patterns at grade crossings
Authors: Song Ge , Qian Yu , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network-based Pedestrians’ behaviors Anomaly Detection system (STGCN-PAD) for grade crossings. The behaviors of pedestrians are represented in a structured manner by skeleton trajectories that are generated using a pose estimation model. The ST-GCN components are sequentially applied to capture the spatial dependencies between skeleton key points within a single video frame and the temporal relationships for each of them. Based on these features, the system reconstructs input trajectories with a constant sliding window size, and the reconstruction error is used to distinguish abnormal behaviors from those normal. To accelerate the processing of extracted multi-dimensional feature maps, an MLP-Mixer model-based reconstruction network is developed as an alternative to the traditional convolution neural network. Only trajectories of normal walking behavior are included for model training. Anomalies, such as lingering and squatting activities, can be identified as outliers by observing the magnitude of reconstruction errors. The case studies demonstrate the salient feasibility and efficiency of the proposed system, which achieves at least comparable performance (approximately 88% in the AUC evaluation metric) with several state-of-the-art approaches while using the MLP-Mixer model accelerates model inference by 10× relative to our previous effort (Song et al. in Appl Intell 53:21676–21691, 2023).
Rotifers as indicators of trophic state in small water bodies with different catchments (field vs. forest)
Authors: Kuczyńska-Kippen Natalia , Zhang Chen , Mleczek Mirosław , Špoljar Maria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurrent methods for assessing lake trophic status using zooplankton are well-established, but there is a lack of approaches for small, shallow water bodies. This study addresses the gap by analyzing rotifer communities across 100 ponds in different catchment areas (field and forest). We hypothesized that the Rotifer Trophic State Index (TSIROT) is an effective tool for assessing trophic state, yielding comparable results to the Carlson TSI index. We also proposed that variations in physical and chemical parameters would significantly affect rotifer composition, impacting the trophic state assessment. Field ponds, exposed to agricultural runoff, exhibited higher trophic states and a predominance of detritivorous species. In contrast, forest ponds, with extensive macrophyte coverage, maintained lower trophic states and supported diverse algivorous species, particularly of littoral and mesotrophic origin. This confirmed our hypothesis that catchment type strongly influences trophic state and rotifer communities. We demonstrated that rotifer traits—abundance, species diversity, habitat type preferences and proportions of eutrophic versus mesotrophic species—along with TSIROT, are effective in assessing water quality in ponds. Overall, the results validate TSIROT as a reliable tool for small water bodies, comparable to Carlson’s TSI index, and highlight the importance of catchment type in influencing water quality.
The impact of environmental regulations on carbon emissions in countries with different levels of emissions
Authors: Borowiec Justyna , Papież Monika , Śmiech Sławomir 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe study analyzes the impact of environmental regulations on carbon emissions in countries with different levels of emissions, utilizing two measures of carbon emissions based on: production (PBA) and consumption (CBA) accounting. Environmental regulations are measured by means of three components of the Environmental Policy Stringency (EPS) index: market-based and non-market-based instruments, and technology support. The Moments-Quantile Regression method is employed to assess the effectiveness of these policies across countries with varying levels of emissions—high, medium, and low within the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The findings indicate that increased stringency in environmental regulations correlates with reduced carbon emissions per capita. Notably, the EPS index has a more significant effect on reducing PBA emissions compared to CBA emissions. A key finding is that the EPS index is more effective in countries with lower pollution per capita (i.e., lower quantiles) than in those with higher pollution per capita. Among the three components, market-based instruments are identified as the most effective in reducing carbon emissions. Additionally, in countries where per capita emissions are relatively low, the combination of market and non-market instruments proves to be the most effective in reducing emissions. In contrast, the highest carbon emitters per capita tend to achieve emissions reductions primarily through technological support.
Venture capital affiliation in decentralized finance: evidence from ICOs in blockchain ecosystem
Authors: Camelo Francisca Duarte , Duarte Fábio Dias 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInitial coin offerings (ICOs) have emerged as a new form of digital and decentralized finance. They have the potential to disrupt conventional finance sources and expand capital-raising alternatives. However, their decentralized nature, lack of regulation, and market complexity, along with fraud events, have led to a crisis of trust. This crisis jeopardizes firms' fundraising success. This study examines the role of specialized venture capitalists (VCs) in overcoming transparency issues and restoring trust in the market and ICO issuers. Based on data from 191 ICOs, our results show that VC-backed firms have higher ICO success. This success is more pronounced for firms affiliated with VCs specializing in blockchain technologies, especially if ICO issuers are opaque and riskier. Specialist VC affiliation leads investors to buy more tokens. This effect increases with additional affiliations with other specialized VCs. For early-stage firms with a product/service, generalist VC affiliation also plays a certification role, enhancing the probability of ICO success.
Orchestrating iVR technology in an authentic classroom setting and its effects on factual knowledge, comprehension and transfer
Authors: Spangenberger P. , Matthes N. , Kapp F. , Kruse L. , Plass J. L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn increasing number of studies has observed that immersive virtual reality (iVR) technology using head-mounted displays (HMDs) can facilitate learning outcomes. However, most studies have been exploratory and were executed in laboratory settings instead of being implemented and orchestrated in authentic teaching settings. Furthermore, iVR design approaches based on learning theories in which learning objectives are in line with relevant curricula are still scarce. Thus, we conducted a study to provide insights from a perspective of instruction in authentic settings. We present the design of an iVR learning application that was aligned with curricula and that includes specific design features to foster relevant learning objectives. Orchestrated with additional learning material and learning activities, the iVR learning application was implemented and evaluated in an authentic teaching setting in the field of electrical engineering at a German vocational school. In order to investigate the effects of a lesson orchestrated around the iVR application, we conducted a study (n = 29) in a pre-post between-subject design in which we compared learning orchestrated around an iVR experience (iVR group n = 14) with learning in a more traditional setting consisting of a typical group task (control group n = 15). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two groups; in both conditions, the same content was addressed. We compared group differences regarding four dependent variables: motivation, factual knowledge, comprehension and transfer. In both groups, we observed an increase in knowledge and comprehension. The gain in the iVR group was significantly stronger compared to the control group, but we observed no differences in motivation and transfer. We discuss our findings from a perspective of instruction in authentic settings, along with implications for instructional iVR technology design. Despite the high organizational effort still required to embed iVR technology into a classroom setting, we stress that instructional settings that entail complex cognitive and motor tasks can benefit in particular from agency as one of the main affordances provided by iVR technology. More research should be conducted in these settings, and additional research should focus on which design features make these iVR experiences effective, and how it can be assured that transfer of knowledge is also increased.
On the quotient of affine semigroups by a positive integer
Authors: García-García J. I. , Tapia-Ramos R. , Vigneron-Tenorio A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work delves into the quotient of an affine semigroup by a positive integer, exploring its intricate properties and broader implications. We unveil an associated tree that serves as a valuable tool for further analysis. Moreover, we successfully generalize several key irreducibility results, extending their applicability to the more general class of $$\mathcal {C}$$
C
-semigroup quotients. To shed light on these concepts, we introduce the novel notion of an arithmetic variety of affine semigroups, accompanied by illuminating examples that showcase its power.
Impact of Red Wine Vinegar-Based Solution on Bacterial Communities of Squid and Shrimp Skewers: A Classic and Genomic Approach
Authors: Pinto de Rezende Lourenço , Barbosa Joana Bastos , Bento de Carvalho Teresa , Vaz-Moreira Ivone , Monteiro Maria João P. , Teixeira Paula 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeafood is an essential component of a balanced and healthy diet, which increases its demand. However, its biological composition and high moisture content make these products extremely perishable. To prevent spoilage, and the consequent food waste and financial expenses throughout the seafood supply chain, new technologies have been successfully developed to inhibit bacterial growth, the main cause of seafood spoilage. This work aimed to test a shelf life extension technique for seafood skewers whilst maintaining an all-natural label using a financially feasible red wine vinegar treatment applied by immersion or pulverisation. Bacterial growth was monitored by classical methods and by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing during the 5 days of storage. Immersion of samples in a vinegar-based solution effectively reduced Pseudomonas and Enterobacterales counts (by 2 log cfu/g), immediately after application and throughout storage. The overall structure and diversity of the bacterial community were analysed, and a strong reduction in bacterial diversity and impact on bacterial composition was observed immediately after immersion in the red wine vinegar solution. In untreated samples, Pseudomonadota (especially the Gammaproteobacteria class) was the principal phylum, whereas the microbiota of the treated samples was dominated by Bacillota (mainly the Bacilli class). Sensory analysis revealed a mild vinegar or vinaigrette flavour in treated samples; however, these characteristics were not unpleasant. Although applying a vinegar-based solution by immersion promoted a significant reduction in the growth of spoilage bacteria during the first days of storage, further tests are required to confirm the shelf life extension.
Influence of the homotopy stability perturbation on physical variations of non-local opto-electronic semiconductor materials
Authors: El-Dali A. , Othman Mohamed I. A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the current work, we investigate a novel technique specialized in stability perturbation theory to analyze the primary variations such as thermal, carrier, elastic, and mechanical waves in photothermal theory. The interface of the non-local semiconductor material is utilized to study the stability analysis. The problem is established using a 1D opto-electronic-thermoelastic deformation in the context of the photo-thermoelasticity (PTE) framework. The Laplace transform method is used to convert the system from the time domain into the frequency domain, and the boundary conditions for the thermal, elastic, and plasma waves are applied to the interface of the medium. The homotopy perturbation method was used as an innovative approach to analyze the stability of the non-local silicon’s primary physical fields. The numerical inversion method is applied, yielding many graphs focusing on important numerical factors such as non-local effects, thermo-energy, and thermo-electric coupling parameters. Investigating dual solutions between stable and unstable regions for critical parameters like thermo-electric and thermo-energy coupling factors demonstrates that the homotopy perturbation technique can effectively analyze the stability analysis. The comparison between silicon and germanium is illustrated graphically. Utilizing the homotopy perturbation technique, we can effectively examine the stability of the primary physical variations with the effect of some values for eigenvalues approaches.
Graphical abstract
Struggling towards co-existence of the Baltic Sea coastal fisheries and the grey seal
Authors: Svels Kristina , Salmi Pekka , Coelho Nelson F. , Eriksson Viktor , Königson Sara , Lehtonen Esa , Lunneryd Sven-Gunnar , Suuronen Petri , Vetemaa Markus , Waldo Åsa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCommercial small-scale fisheries along the Baltic Sea coasts have declined over the years although these fisheries are viewed as important for coastal development and food security at the local, national, and EU levels. The viability and future of small-scale fisheries are severely challenged by problems caused by grey seals. The conflict, occurring between Baltic Sea coastal fisheries and conservation of the grey seals, has been severe since the mid-1990s and continues despite attempts to find a more balanced situation. Resting on reviews of multiple material, this paper explores the state-of-the-art opportunities for mitigating the seal-fisheries conflict and asks how these are related to social struggles and social justice. Our paper concludes that co-existence of coastal fisheries and the grey seal is possible but necessitates political will and co-designed seal management plans that help implement context-specific measures. Seal deterrents, for instance, give hope as a supplementary conflict mitigation measure – along with seal-proof fishing gear – but provide only partial relief. From the fisheries sector’s position, influencing the size of the seal population is a logical solution. The lifting of the EU trade ban of seal products as a regional derogation would allow sustainable management of seal populations so that they be used as renewable natural resource. Monitoring changes in the seal population is crucial for maintaining a balanced population. Reaching co-existence is timely, because – unlike the seal – the diverse Baltic coastal fishing culture is increasingly endangered.
Continuous linear shift invariant systems on tempered distributions: convolutors and convolution
Authors: Poletti Mario , Martelli Mario 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper characterizes the Continuous, Linear and Shift Invariant Systems on Tempered Distributions. The needed classical notions on Distributions, and on Tempered Distributions, are reminded. The delicate and unusual subjects of Convolutors, and of their Convolution with Tempered Distributions, are made accessible, and easy to handle, through autonomous elementary definitions: equivalence with Schwartz’s Definitions is proven. Convolutors describe the family of the Continuous Linear, and Shift Invariant Systems on Tempered Distributions; Convolution describes their behaviour.
Perceptions of clinicians and research ethics boards regarding ethical issues in investigator-initiated trials: a multicenter qualitative study in China
Authors: Li Jing , Yu Hongfan , Wei Xing , Lei Cheng , Zhang Jingyu , Zhou Wen , Markar Sheraz , Huang Lin , Li Shizhu , Yan Zhao , Shi Qiuling 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This multicenter qualitative study aimed to explore the perceptions of clinicians and research ethics boards (REBs) regarding ethical issues in Investigator Initiated Trials (IITs).

Methods
Between February and April 2024, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 participants from 15 tertiary hospitals, including clinical doctors and members of REBs. Responses were grouped and analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological approach.

Results
Clinicians expressed challenges in navigating the formal review process due to limited access to information and unclear guidelines. Academic review highlighted a deficiency in research literacy among clinical investigators, leading to flawed study design. Ethical review revealed concerns about inadequate ethical awareness among clinicians, resulting in failed ethical approvals. Moreover, delays in review processes and resource shortages were noted, hindering the efficient conduct of IITs.

Conclusion
The findings underscore the need for comprehensive training programs to enhance clinicians’ research literacy and ethical awareness. Establishing a comprehensive system to support IITs, including enhanced guidance and support from REBs, is essential to ensure the quality and integrity of IITs in China.
A molecular dynamics simulation study of paraquat intercalated montmorillonite
Authors: Su Haotian , Zhang Yingchun , Liu Xiandong , Hou Qingfeng , Lu Xiancai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Paraquat, one of the most widely utilized herbicides globally, causes a significant environmental challenge due to its poor degradation rate and tendency to adsorb into clay interlayers. Several remediation methods have been proposed but their effectiveness remains suboptimal. The primary reason for this is the lack of microscopic understanding of paraquat–montmorillonite interactions. In this work molecular dynamics simulations were applied to study the interlayer structures and mobility of paraquat intercalated montmorillonite. Two stable hydration states were identified from the calculated immersion energy curve, which corresponded to a water content of 185 mgwater/gclay and 278 mgwater/gclay (the most stable). Paraquats remained in direct contact with the clay surface in both the anhydrous and hydrated states. At the water content of 185 mgwater/gclay, paraquats formed π-π stacking while at 278 mgwater/gclay, they were separated by a layer of water. Paraquat showed very small self-diffusion coefficients in the interlayer space of montmorillonite, indicating rather limited motions. The results in this work provide a basis for a better understanding of the interaction of paraquat with clay minerals.