bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The KMOS3D Survey: Rotating Compact Star-forming Galaxies and the Decomposition of Integrated Line Widths*
Authors: Wisnioski E. , Mendel J. T. , Schreiber N. M. Förster , Genzel R. , Wilman D. , Wuyts S. , Belli S. , Beifiori A. , Bender R. , Brammer G. , Chan J. , Davies R. I. , Davies R. L. , Fabricius M. , Fossati M. , Galametz A. , Lang P. , Lutz D. , Nelson E. J. , Momcheva I. , Rosario D. , Saglia R. , Tacconi L. J. , Tadaki K. , Übler H. , van Dokkum P. G. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Using integral field spectroscopy, we investigate the kinematic properties of 35 massive centrally dense and compact star-forming galaxies (SFGs;

,

,

) at z ∼ 0.7–3.7 within the KMOS3D survey. We spatially resolve 23 compact SFGs and find that the majority are dominated by rotational motions with velocities ranging from 95 to 500 km s−1. The range of rotation velocities is reflected in a similar range of integrated Hα line widths, 75–400 km s−1, consistent with the kinematic properties of mass-matched extended galaxies from the full KMOS3D sample. The fraction of compact SFGs that are classified as “rotation-dominated” or “disklike” also mirrors the fractions of the full KMOS3D sample. We show that integrated line-of-sight gas velocity dispersions from KMOS3D are best approximated by a linear combination of their rotation and turbulent velocities with a lesser but still significant contribution from galactic-scale winds. The Hα exponential disk sizes of compact SFGs are, on average, 2.5 ± 0.2 kpc, 1–2× the continuum sizes, in agreement with previous work. The compact SFGs have a 1.4× higher active galactic nucleus (AGN) incidence than the full KMOS3D sample at fixed stellar mass with an average AGN fraction of 76%. Given their high and centrally concentrated stellar masses, as well as stellar-to-dynamical mass ratios close to unity, the compact SFGs are likely to have low molecular gas fractions and to quench on a short timescale unless replenished with inflowing gas. The rotation in these compact systems suggests that their direct descendants are rotating passive galaxies.
A Close Relationship between Lyα and Mg ii in Green Pea Galaxies*

†
Authors: Henry Alaina , Berg Danielle A. , Scarlata Claudia , Verhamme Anne , Erb Dawn 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Mg ii
λλ2796, 2803 doublet is often used to measure interstellar medium absorption in galaxies, thereby serving as a diagnostic for feedback and outflows. However, the interpretation of Mg ii remains confusing, due to resonant trapping and re-emission of the photons, analogous to Lyα. Therefore, in this paper, we present new MMT Blue Channel Spectrograph observations of Mg ii for a sample of 10 Green Pea galaxies at z ∼ 0.2–0.3, where Lyα was previously observed with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. With strong, (mostly) double-peaked Lyα profiles, these galaxies allow us to observe Mg ii in the limit of low H i column density. We find strong Mg ii emission and little-to-no absorption. We use photoionization models to show that nebular Mg ii from H ii regions is non-negligible, and the ratios of Mg ii
λλ2796, 2803/[O iii] λ5007 versus [O iii] λ5007/[O ii] λ3727 form a tight sequence. Using this relation, we predict intrinsic Mg ii flux, and show that Mg ii escape fractions range from 0 to 0.9. We find that the Mg ii escape fraction correlates tightly with the Lyα escape fraction, and the Mg ii line profiles show evidence for broader and more redshifted emission when the escape fractions are low. These trends are expected if the escape fractions and velocity profiles of Lyα and Mg ii are shaped by resonant scattering in the same low column density gas. As a consequence of a close relation with Lyα, Mg ii may serve as a useful diagnostic in the epoch of reionization, where Lyα and Lyman continuum photons are not easily observed.
Sedimentation Efficiency of Condensation Clouds in Substellar Atmospheres
Authors: Gao Peter , Marley Mark S. , Ackerman Andrew S. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Condensation clouds in substellar atmospheres have been widely inferred from spectra and photometric variability. Up until now, their horizontally averaged vertical distribution and mean particle size have been largely characterized using models, one of which is the eddy diffusion–sedimentation model from Ackerman and Marley that relies on a sedimentation efficiency parameter, f
sed, to determine the vertical extent of clouds in the atmosphere. However, the physical processes controlling the vertical structure of clouds in substellar atmospheres are not well understood. In this work, we derive trends in f
sed across a large range of eddy diffusivities (K

zz
), gravities, material properties, and cloud formation pathways by fitting cloud distributions calculated by a more detailed cloud microphysics model. We find that f
sed is dependent on K

zz
, but not gravity, when K

zz
is held constant. f
sed is most sensitive to the nucleation rate of cloud particles, as determined by material properties like surface energy and molecular weight. High surface energy materials form fewer, larger cloud particles, leading to large f
sed (>1), and vice versa for materials with low surface energy. For cloud formation via heterogeneous nucleation, f
sed is sensitive to the condensation nuclei flux and radius, connecting cloud formation in substellar atmospheres to the objects’ formation environments and other atmospheric aerosols. These insights could lead to improved cloud models that help us better understand substellar atmospheres. For example, we demonstrate that f
sed could increase with increasing cloud base depth in an atmosphere, shedding light on the nature of the brown dwarf L/T transition.
Reconnection Mediated by Magnetic Fractures and the Solar Flare
Authors: Haerendel Gerhard 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Reconnection of sheared magnetic fields is commonly treated by regarding the component perpendicular to the antiparallel components as a largely inert guide field. In this paper an alternative is proposed in which the free energy residing in the shear field is being converted prior to reconnection. This happens in high-density, dissipative current sheets bordering the reconnection site. A global scenario is presented in which low-intensity currents out of the photosphere are converging into the narrow, high-intensity currents at high altitude. This is enabled by the obliqueness of the latter. The very short timescale of the energy conversion causes a lateral propagation of the current sheets. In a quasi-stationary situation, it balances the reconnection rate, which turns out to be much lower than in guide-field approaches. Another important consequence of the obliqueness is the field-parallel emission of runaway electrons. Accelerated up to tens of keV, they are possibly important contributors to the production of hard X-rays during the impulsive phase of a flare, but only in areas of upward-directed currents. Quantitative evaluation of the model predicts various potentially observable properties, such as width and propagation speed of the generated flare ribbons, spatial dependences of the electron spectrum, size of the area of energy deposition, and successive decrease of the shear angle between conjugate footpoints. The presented theoretical model can account for the observed brightness asymmetry of flare ribbons with respect to the direction of the vertical currents.
Ook de volksklassen verhuizen uit Brussel. Een analyse van de randverstedelijking van de bevolkingsgroepen met een laag inkomen
Authors: De Laet Sarah 
Published: March 2018

De verhuizingen vanuit het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest naar de randstedelijke gemeenten van Vlaanderen of Wallonië worden doorgaans onderzocht met als insteek de stadsvlucht van de middenklassen. Vandaag de dag komt echter 30 % van de personen die vanuit het Gewest naar elders in België verhuizen, uit de volksklassen. De stedelijke volksklassen zijn blootgesteld aan een tweevoudige druk: enerzijds een sociale druk wegens de uitholling van het loonmodel, het tekort aan werkgelegenheid en de economische onzekerheid. Anderzijds een ruimtelijke druk wegens de stijging van de huisvestingskosten in de stad. Geconfronteerd met die druk beslissen sommige gezinnen uit de volksklassen om weg te trekken uit het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest. Naar aanleiding van werken die de aandacht op dergelijke processen van “bescheiden randverstedelijking”, onder meer in Frankrijk, hebben gevestigd, onderzoekt dit artikel de omvang van dit fenomeen in Brussel. Het verduidelijkt eveneens wat de bestemmingen zijn van de gezinnen uit de volksklassen die wegtrekken uit de centrale volkswijken van Brussel. Vanuit hun standpunt zorgen de verhuizingen naar gemeenten in de nabijgelegen rand of naar andere steden voor een vorm van sociospatiale selectie met grote gevolgen voor de vertrekgebieden.
Biotin Deficiency Induces Th1- and Th17-Mediated Proinflammatory Responses in Human CD4+ T Lymphocytes via Activation of the mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Elahi Asif , Sabui Subrata , Narasappa Nell N. , Agrawal Sudhanshu , Lambrecht Nils W. , Agrawal Anshu , Said Hamid M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Biotin (vitamin B7) is essential for human health because of its involvement, as a cofactor, in a variety of critical cellular metabolic reactions. Previous studies have shown that biotin deficiency enhances inflammation, and certain chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with biotin deficiency; however, the mechanisms that mediate the association between biotin status and inflammation are not well understood. In this study, we examined the effect of biotin deficiency on human CD4+ T cell responses to determine their role in biotin deficiency–associated inflammation. Our investigations revealed that anti-CD3/CD28–stimulated CD4+ T cells cultured in biotin-deficient medium secreted significantly enhanced levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF, and IL-17. Expression of the transcription factors T-bet and RORγt was increased, whereas Foxp3 expression was decreased, in biotin-deficient CD4+ T cells. The percentage of T regulatory cells was also decreased under biotin-deficient condition. A similar increase in T-bet, RORγt, and proinflammatory cytokine levels, as well as a decrease in Foxp3, was observed in inguinal lymph nodes of mice fed a biotin-deficient diet relative to pair-fed controls. Furthermore, differentiation of CD4+ T cells toward Th1 and Th17 cells was also enhanced. In vitro and in vivo investigations indicated that the increased inflammatory response was due to enhanced activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in biotin-deficient CD4+ T cells. In summary, these results demonstrate that biotin deficiency enhances the inflammatory responses in CD4+ T cells, which may contribute to inflammation associated with biotin deficiency.
Discovery of Blood Transcriptional Endotypes in Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Zheng Xiaojing , O’Connell Catherine M. , Zhong Wujuan , Nagarajan Uma M. , Tripathy Manoj , Lee De’Ashia , Russell Ali N. , Wiesenfeld Harold , Hillier Sharon , Darville Toni 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae and rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women continue to rise, with reinfection being common because of poor adaptive immunity. Diagnosis remains imprecise, and pathogenesis data are derived primarily from monoinfection of mice with C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae. By comparing blood mRNA responses of women with C. trachomatis– and/or N. gonorrhoeae–induced PID and histologic endometritis with those from women with C. trachomatis and/or N. gonorrhoeae infection limited to their cervix and asymptomatic uninfected women determined via microarray, we discovered important pathogenic mechanisms in PID and response differences that provide a pathway to biomarker discovery. Women with N. gonorrhoeae– and/or C. trachomatis–induced PID exhibit overexpression of myeloid cell genes and suppression of protein synthesis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and T cell–specific genes. Coinfected women exhibited the greatest activation of cell death pathways and suppression of responses essential for adaptive immunity. Women solely infected with C. trachomatis expressed elevated levels of type I and type II IFN genes, and enhanced type I IFN–induced chemokines in cervical secretions were associated with ascension of C. trachomatis to the endometrium. Blood microarrays reveal discrete pathobiological endotypes in women with PID that are driven by pathogen invasion of the upper genital tract.
Endoscopic Ultrasound‑guided Confirmation of Malignancy Arising from Fistula‑in‑ano
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Bachhav Gaurav Dinesh , Vishwamitra Sanjay , Subbaraj Satyaprakash Bonthala 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTAdenocarcinoma arising from a chronic anorectal fistula (ARF) is rare, and there are no more than 200 cases in literature. We report a case of endoscopic ultrasound‑guided biopsy‑proven adenocarcinoma arising from long‑standing ARF.
Family Business: Charles Reznikoff in Text and Textile
Authors: Logan Wall Joshua 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTCharles Reznikoff, according to established scholarship, is an exemplar of disinheritance, an ideal representative for the modernist and modern Jewish self. But Reznikoff also inherits and finds in this an alternative to both urban capitalism and market-influenced modernist publishing. Manually setting type at a printing press in his parents’ basement, Reznikoff self-published many of his early books while also working in the family clothing business. Writing was a craft that continued, rather than broke from, his family trade. His production of texts, following his depiction of his parents’ textile-work in the rarely examined memoir Family Chronicle, takes part in what we can term a “fabriculture” that resists commodity valuation in modern industry and modernist publishing. In the 1930 novel By the Waters of Manhattan, Reznikoff’s protagonist uses the fabricultural lessons of material production to rescue the individuality of the self from the anonymity and interchangeability of the modern city. Reznikoff’s poetry and prose weave together his parents’ lives in textile with his own in text, establishing this inherited family trade as a metaphor for crafting a whole garment from the disparate elements of the modern Jewish self.
Selectieve ‘culturalisering’ in de praktijk van de jeugdbescherming in België
Authors: Petintseva Olga 
Published: March 2018

Selective ‘culturalisation’ in the practice of youth justice in Belgium
This paper focuses on the practice of youth justice (termed ‘youth protection’ in Belgium) in which professional actors ascribe deviant behaviour of youngsters to different cultural and migration backgrounds. Intra-European Roma migrants and refugees from the Northern Caucasus in Belgium are chosen as case studies. Discourse analysis of 55 youth court files and 41 expert interviews with professional actors show that deviant behaviour of these young people is explained in different manners. Two discourses are identified: ‘criminal vagabonds’ and ‘war torn children’. These discourses and their effects in practice differ tremendously for both groups. The broader discussion this article touches upon is the selective inclusion and exclusion in the institutions of formal social control, through social practices of culturalisation.
Lokale oplossingen voor problemen in asielopvang: de ‘vluchtelingencrisis’ als window of opportunity
Authors: Geuijen Karin , Dekker Rianne , Oliver Caroline 
Published: March 2018

Local solutions for problems concerning the asylum reception: the ‘refugee crisis’ as window of opportunity
During the recent ‘refugee crisis’, governments have been confronted with various problems concerning asylum reception. In several locations in the Netherlands, as well as elsewhere in Europe and beyond, new local forms of experimenting around the issue of asylum reception have begun. One example is Utrecht’s ‘Plan Einstein’. In Overvecht, a district of the city, an office building has been converted into an asylum shelter, where 400 asylum seekers live together with 38 non-refugee youngsters from Utrecht. The Centre runs courses and activities, offered to both asylum seekers (including those who do not yet have a residence status) and local residents. Employing the concepts of ‘multilevel governance’ and ‘experimental governance’, this article indicates why this initiative was able to be realized at this location and at this time.
Repetitive low intensity magnetic field stimulation in a neuronal cell line: a metabolomics study
Authors: Hong Ivan , Garrett Andrew , Maker Garth , Mullaney Ian , Rodger Jennifer , Etherington Sarah J. 
Published: March 2018

Low intensity repetitive magnetic stimulation of neural tissue modulates neuronal excitability and has promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of neurological disorders. However, the underpinning cellular and biochemical mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the behavioural effects of low intensity repetitive magnetic stimulation (LI-rMS) at a cellular and biochemical level. We delivered LI-rMS (10 mT) at 1 Hz and 10 Hz to B50 rat neuroblastoma cellsin vitrofor 10 minutes and measured levels of selected metabolites immediately after stimulation. LI-rMS at both frequencies depleted selected tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites without affecting the main energy supplies. Furthermore, LI-rMS effects were frequency-specific with 1 Hz stimulation having stronger effects than 10 Hz. The observed depletion of metabolites suggested that higher spontaneous activity may have led to an increase in GABA release. Although the absence of organised neural circuits and other cellular contributors (e.g., excitatory neurons and glia) in the B50 cell line limits the degree to which our results can be extrapolated to the human brain, the changes we describe provide novel insights into how LI-rMS modulates neural tissue.
A new processing method of ground acceleration data for fast and accurate evaluation of maximum seismic structural response
Authors: Akehashi Hiroki , Fujita Naohiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA new processing method of ground acceleration data is proposed for the fast and accurate evaluation of the maximum seismic structural responses. The proposed method consists of a trimming method and a down‐sampling method. The proposed trimming method is based on ground acceleration power and contains compensation procedures for the trimmed ground acceleration. The proposed down‐sampling method effectively uses FIR filter, whose weight coefficients are derived from the correspondence between the responses under a triangular wave and the equivalent impulse input. It is demonstrated through numerical examples for response spectrums and a full‐scale high‐rise building model that the proposed method enables fast and accurate evaluation of the maximum seismic structural responses.
FDG‐PET patterns associate with survival in patients with prion disease
Authors: Corriveau‐Lecavalier Nick , Piura Yoav D. , Appleby Brian S. , Shir Dror , Barnard Leland R. , Gogineni Venkatsampath , Jones David T. , Day Gregory S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePrion disease classically presents with rapidly progressive dementia, leading to death within months of diagnosis. Advances in diagnostic testing have improved recognition of patients with atypical presentations and protracted disease courses, raising key questions surrounding the relationship between patterns of neurodegeneration and survival. We assessed the contribution of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG‐PET) imaging for this purpose.MethodsFDG‐PET were performed in 40 clinic patients with prion disease. FDG‐PET images were projected onto latent factors generated in an external dataset to yield patient‐specific eigenvalues. Eigenvalues were input into a clustering algorithm to generate data‐driven clusters, which were compared by survival time.ResultsMedian age at FDG‐PET was 65.3 years (range 23–85). Median time from FDG‐PET to death was 3.7 months (range 0.3–19.0). Four data‐driven clusters were generated, termed “Neocortical” (n = 7), “Transitional” (n = 12), “Temporo‐parietal” (n = 13), and “Deep nuclei” (n = 6). Deep nuclei and transitional clusters had a shorter survival time than the neocortical cluster. Subsequent analyses suggested that this difference was driven by greater hypometabolism of deep nuclei relative to neocortical areas. FDG‐PET‐patterns were not associated with demographic (age and sex) or clinical (CSF total‐tau, 14‐3‐3) variables.InterpretationGreater hypometabolism within deep nuclei relative to neocortical areas associated with more rapid decline in patients with prion disease and vice versa. FDG‐PET informs large‐scale network physiology and may inform the relationship between spreading pathology and survival in patients with prion disease. Future studies should consider whether FDG‐PET may enrich multimodal prion disease prognostication models.
Safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolytic therapy in the extended window up to 24 hours: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Al‐Janabi Omar M. , Jazayeri Seyed Behnam , Toruno Michelle A. , Mahmood Yamama M. , Ghozy Sherief , Yaghi Shadi , Rabinstein Alejandro A. , Kallmes David F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveAbout 25% of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) present within the intravenous thrombolytic (IVT) therapeutic window of <4.5 h. This study is to elucidate the safety and efficacy of IVT in the extended therapeutic window (ETW) in patients with AIS.MethodsUsing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. A rigorous risk of bias assessment was conducted using the RoB2 tool. Rates of excellent and good functional outcome (mRS 0–1 and mRS 0–2) at 90 days, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and mortality at 90 days were pooled using generalized linear mixed model and compared with controls. Meta‐analyses were conducted employing random‐effect models with risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the effect of imaging modalities used for patient selection.ResultsEight randomized controlled trials (n = 2221, 59% male) were included. At 90 days IVT showed higher rates of functional recovery: mRS 0–1: RR 1.21 95% CI 1.1–1.34, p < 0.001, and mRS 0–2: RR 1.11 95% CI 1.03–1.18, p = 0.004. Rate of mortality at 90 day was not different between groups: RR 1.17 95% CI 0.93–1.48, p = 0.17. However, the rate of sICH was higher among IVT group: RR 2.93 95% CI 1.53–5.6, p = 0.001. Subgroup analysis showed higher mRS 0–1 among patients who were selected based on perfusion imaging (p < 0.05).InterpretationThe use of IVT in AIS in ETW is beneficial especially with the use of perfusion imaging for patients' selection.