bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundamentals and contributions to validation of constructive computational methodologies: a focused survey
Authors: Li Yongzhe , Horváth Imre 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Computational mechanisms (complex structures of functionally connected algorithms) are developed very frequently by both the academia and the industry for specific applications, but the transferability to other applications is seldom addressed and systematically tested. This raises the need for application validity of constructive computational methodologies (CCMs). First, this background research paper clarifies the fundamental concepts related to application validation. Applicability validation focusses on the indicators of appropriateness with regards to a particular purpose. Then, it surveys the various approaches of application validation based on the publications available in contemporary literature. Its main finding is that applicability validation of CCMs seems to be a stepchild of academic research. The same applies to the industrial exploration of the applicability of CCMs tailored to a narrow family of applications to a wider range of applications.
Intelligent Savings Equipment Design Based on Urban and Rual Empty Nest Elderly
Authors: Su Lin , Qi Na , Wei Xiaoying 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
China’s aging population and large base, which brings a lot of social problems. They have unique psychological and physical characteristics, which make them lonely in a social corner. They are the predecessors who have contributed their youth and wisdom to the construction of a better country. Therefore, we should extend our most sincere thanks and do our best to create a comfortable environment for them. What needs to be studied in this paper is the urban and rural empty nester who need more attention. They are a group separated from the intelligent age. In the Intelligent era, they have to use smart Banks. Therefore, it is particularly important to design a savings device that is more suitable for urban and rural empty nester. This is a qualitative research to design an intelligent savings device for urban and rural empty nester.
Spatiotemporal phase-shifting method for accurate phase analysis of fringe pattern
Authors: Ri Shien , Wang Qinghua , Xia Peng , Tsuda Hiroshi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
High accurate phase analysis of waveforms as fringe patterns is essential for a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines. However, precise phase analysis under extremely low signal-to-noise conditions is a challenging task for conventional phase-shifting methods. Here, a novel accurate phase recovering technique, called the spatiotemporal phase-shifting method (ST-PSM), is developed to measure the phase information robustly by utilizing two-dimensional intensity data in spatial- and temporal-domains simultaneously. Our simulation results indicated that ST-PSM had strong tolerance to random noise, and a self-neutralizing function to eliminate the periodical phase error due to the nonlinearity of detector, intensity saturation, vibration or phase-shifting error. The effectiveness was demonstrated experimentally from a non-contact shape measurement in fringe projection profilometry under extreme underexposure and overexposure recording conditions. Furthermore, by incorporating modern GPU parallel computing technology, a 4-step phase-shifted fringe pattern with 8 K image size can be calculated within one second. Due to its robustness and high accuracy with a fast calculation, therefore, we believe this technique has a significant impact on a variety of research and scientific fields.
Trees in cool climate cities may increase atmospheric carbon by altering building energy use
Authors: Erker Tedward , Townsend Philip A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUrban trees are a critical part of the ‘green infrastructure’ intended to make our growing cities more sustainable in an era of climate change. The potential for urban trees to modify microclimates and thereby reduce building energy use and the associated carbon emissions is a commonly cited ecosystem service used to justify million tree planting campaigns across the US. However, what we know of this ecosystem service comes primarily from unvalidated simulation studies. Using the first dataset of actual heating and cooling energy use combined with tree cover data, we show that contrary to the predictions of the most commonly used simulations, trees in a cool climate city increase carbon emissions from residential building energy use. This is driven primarily by near east (<20 m from building) tree cover. Further analysis of urban areas in the US shows that this is likely the case in cool climates throughout the country, encompassing approximately 39% of the US population and 62% of its area (56%, excluding Alaska). This work adds geographic nuance to our understanding of how urban shade trees affect the carbon budget, and it could have major implications for tree planting programs in cool climates.
ECHO: an application for detection and analysis of oscillators identifies metabolic regulation on genome-wide circadian output
Authors: De los Santos Hannah , Collins Emily J , Mann Catherine , Sagan April W , Jankowski Meaghan S , Bennett Kristin P , Hurley Jennifer M 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationTime courses utilizing genome scale data are a common approach to identifying the biological pathways that are controlled by the circadian clock, an important regulator of organismal fitness. However, the methods used to detect circadian oscillations in these datasets are not able to accommodate changes in the amplitude of the oscillations over time, leading to an underestimation of the impact of the clock on biological systems.ResultsWe have created a program to efficaciously identify oscillations in large-scale datasets, called the Extended Circadian Harmonic Oscillator application, or ECHO. ECHO utilizes an extended solution of the fixed amplitude oscillator that incorporates the amplitude change coefficient. Employing synthetic datasets, we determined that ECHO outperforms existing methods in detecting rhythms with decreasing oscillation amplitudes and in recovering phase shift. Rhythms with changing amplitudes identified from published biological datasets revealed distinct functions from those oscillations that were harmonic, suggesting purposeful biologic regulation to create this subtype of circadian rhythms.Availability and implementationECHO’s full interface is available at https://github.com/delosh653/ECHO. An R package for this functionality, echo.find, can be downloaded at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=echo.find.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Interdependent Neural Correlates of Reward and Punishment Sensitivity During Rewarded Action and Inhibition of Action
Authors: Le Thang M , Wang Wuyi , Zhornitsky Simon , Dhingra Isha , Zhang Sheng , Li Chiang-Shan R 
Published: August 2019

AbstractImaging studies have distinguished the brain correlates of approach and avoidance behaviors and suggested the influence of individual differences in trait sensitivity to reward (SR) and punishment (SP) on these neural processes. Theoretical work of reinforcement sensitivity postulates that SR and SP may interdependently regulate behavior. Here, we examined the distinct and interrelated neural substrates underlying rewarded action versus inhibition of action in relation to SR and SP as evaluated by the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Forty-nine healthy adults performed a reward go/no-go task with approximately 2/3 go and 1/3 no-go trials. Correct go and no-go responses were rewarded and incorrect responses were penalized. The results showed that SR and SP modulated rewarded go and no-go, respectively, both by recruiting the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and left middle frontal gyrus (rACC/left MFG). Importantly, SR and SP influenced these regional activations in opposite directions, thus exhibiting an antagonistic relationship as suggested by the reinforcement sensitivity theory. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that heightened SR contributed to higher rewarded go success rate via enhanced rACC/left MFG activity. The findings demonstrate interrelated neural correlates of SR and SP to support the diametric processes of behavioral approach and avoidance.
Deaf ACCESS: Adapting Consent Through Community Engagement and State-of-the-Art Simulation
Authors: Anderson Melissa L , Riker Timothy , Hakulin Stephanie , Meehan Jonah , Gagne Kurt , Higgins Todd , Stout Elizabeth , Pici-D’Ottavio Emma , Cappetta Kelsey , Wolf Craig Kelly S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOne of the most understudied health disparity populations in the United States is the Deaf community, a sociolinguistic minority group of more than 500,000 individuals who communicate via American Sign Language. Research on Deaf health disparities is lacking due to inaccessible recruitment, sampling, and data collection procedures, as well as the fundamental disconnect between medical and cultural views of Deaf people. A potential starting place for addressing inaccessible research methods and mistrust of the biomedical research community is the careful reconsideration of the traditional informed consent process, often a Deaf individual’s first point of contact with the research world. Yet, most Deaf individuals experience obstacles to engaging in informed consent due to differences in language and development compared to hearing individuals. In response to these issues, our team led a three-phase, formative, community-engaged approach to adapt the informed consent process and train research staff in the updated method so that all required components are properly communicated and understood. The goals of our work were to promote Deaf engagement in research about the Deaf community, increase the number of Deaf individuals who participate in general population biomedical research, and generalize our findings to improve research accessibility for the general population.
Development of a Dementia-Focused End-of-Life Planning Tool: The LEAD Guide (Life-Planning in Early Alzheimer’s and Dementia)
Authors: Dassel Kara , Utz Rebecca , Supiano Katherine , Bybee Sara , Iacob Eli 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
To address the unique characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) that complicate end-of-life (EOL), we created, refined, and validated a dementia-focused EOL planning instrument for use by healthy adults, those with early-stage dementia, family caregivers, and clinicians to document EOL care preferences and values within the current or future context of cognitive impairment.

Research Design and Methods
A mixed-method design with four phases guided the development and refinement of the instrument: (1) focus groups with early-stage ADRD and family caregivers developed and confirmed the tool content and comprehensiveness; (2) evaluation by content experts verified its utility in clinical practice; (3) a sample of healthy older adults (n = 153) and adults with early-stage ADRD (n = 38) completed the tool, whose quantitative data were used to describe the psychometrics of the instrument; and (4) focus groups with healthy older adults, family caregivers, and adults with early-stage ADRD informed how the guide should be used by families and in clinical practice.

Results
Qualitative data supported the utility and feasibility of a dementia-focused EOL planning tool; the six scales have high internal consistency (α = 0.66–0.89) and high test–rest reliability (r = .60–.90). On average, both participant groups reported relatively high concern for being a burden to their families, a greater preference for quality over length of life, a desire for collaborative decision-making process, limited interest in pursuing life-prolonging measures, and were mixed in their preference to control the timing of their death. Across disease progression, preferences for location of care changed, whereas preferences for prolonging life remained stable.

Discussion and Implications
The LEAD Guide (Life-Planning in Early Alzheimer’s and Dementia) has the potential to facilitate discussion and documentation of EOL values and care preferences prior to loss of decisional capacity, and has utility for healthy adults, patients, families, providers, and researchers.
Efficient discontinuous finite difference meshes for 3-D Laplace–Fourier domain seismic wavefield modelling in acoustic media with embedded boundaries
Authors: AlSalem H J , Petrov P , Newman G , Um E , Rector J 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYSimulation of acoustic wave propagation in the Laplace–Fourier (LF) domain, with a spatially uniform mesh, can be computationally demanding especially in areas with large velocity contrasts. To improve efficiency and convergence, we use 3-D second- and fourth-order velocity-pressure finite difference (FD) discontinuous meshes (DM). Our DM algorithm can use any spatial discretization ratio between meshes. We evaluate direct and iterative parallel solvers for computational speed, memory requirements and convergence. Benchmarks in realistic 3-D models and topographies show more efficient and stable results for DM with direct solvers than uniform mesh results with iterative solvers.
Large animal models contribute to the development of therapies for central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction in patients with lysosomal storage diseases
Authors: Gurda Brittney L , Vite Charles H 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of 70 monogenic disorders characterized by the lysosomal accumulation of a substrate. As a group, LSDs affect ~1 in 5000 live births; however, each individual storage disease is rare, limiting the ability to perform natural history studies or to perform clinical trials. Perhaps in no other biomedical field have naturally occurring large animal (canine, feline, ovine, caprine, and bovine) models been so essential for understanding the fundamentals of disease pathogenesis and for developing safe and effective therapies. These models were critical for the development of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in α- and β- mannosidosis, fucosidosis, and the mucopolysaccharidoses; enzyme replacement therapy for fucosidosis, the mucopolysaccharidoses, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; and small molecule therapy in Niemann–Pick type C disease. However, their most notable contributions to the biomedical field are in the development of gene therapy for LSDs. Adeno-associated viral vectors to treat nervous system disease have been evaluated in the large animal models of α-mannosidosis, globoid cell leukodystrophy, GM1 and GM2 gangliosidosis, the mucopolysaccharidoses, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. This review article will summarize the large animal models available for study as well as their contributions to the development of central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction in LSDs.
The Double-Edged Sword of Military Response to Societal Disruptions: A Systematic Review of the Evidence for Military Personnel as Pathogen Transmitters
Authors: Zemke Juliana N , Sanchez Jose L , Pang Junxiong , Gray Gregory C 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Given their lack of immunity and increased exposure, military personnel have the potential to serve as carriers or reservoirs for infectious diseases into or out of the deployment areas, but, to our knowledge, the historical evidence for such transmission events has not previously been reviewed. Using PubMed, we performed a systematic review of published literature between 1955 and 2018, which documented evidence for military personnel transporting infectious pathogens into or out of deployment areas. Of the 439 articles screened, 67 were included for final qualitative and quantitative review. The data extracted from these articles described numerous instances in which thousands of military service members demonstrated potential or actual transmission and transportation of multiple diverse pathogens. These data underscore the immense importance preventive medical professionals play in mitigating such risk, how their public health efforts must be supported, and the importance of surveillance in protecting both military and civilian populations.
ZBTB7A promotes migration, invasion and metastasis of human breast cancer cells through NF-κB-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Mao Anyun , Chen Maojian , Qin Qinghong , Liang Zhijie , Jiang Wei , Yang Weiping , Wei Changyuan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
It has been generally confirmed that zinc finger and BTB domain containing 7A (ZBTB7A) plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of malignant tumours, but the promotion or inhibition effect is related to tumour type. The mechanism between ZBTB7A and breast cancer is not well understood, so further research is needed. In this study, we first investigated the expression of ZBTB7A in tissue samples of clinical breast cancer patients, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells. Second, we overexpressed the ZBTB7A in MCF-7 cells and silenced the ZBTB7A in MDA-MB-231 cells using lentivirus transfection technology, respectively, and verified the effect of ZBTB7A on migration and invasion of breast cancer cell lines through in vitro cell function experiments, such as wound-healing assay, migration and invasion assay, quantitative real time reverse transcriptase (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Then, the correlation between the above influences, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and NF-κB was analysed. Finally, in vivo tumour transplantation model in nude mice was established to verified the effect of ZBTB7A on metastasis of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, ZBTB7A is highly expressed in cancer tissue, breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Meanwhile, the high expression of ZBTB7A may promote cell migration, invasion and tumour metastasis, which may be related to EMT events by regulating NF-κB.
Inflammatory profile dysregulation in nuclear workers occupationally exposed to low-dose gamma radiation
Authors: Aneva Nevena , Zaharieva Elena , Katsarska Olya , Savova Gergana , Stankova Katia , Djounova Jana , Boteva Rayna 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation is a common denominator linking a wide range of health conditions, including tissue response to radiation exposure. This pilot study investigates whether inflammatory cytokines—interleukins IL-6, −8, −10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)—can be used as early biomarkers of radiation-induced adverse health effects in occupationally exposed individuals. The study included 33 workers externally exposed to gamma radiation from the nuclear industry with cumulated doses from 0.11 to 190 mSv and 42 non-exposed controls of comparable age and socio-economic status. IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TNFα and IL-10 were analyzed by enzyme-linked assay (ELISA) in blood plasma samples. Total antioxidant status (TAS) of blood plasma was determined by a colorimetric assay. The radiation-exposed and control groups measured significantly different levels of MCP-1, TNFα and IL-10. Seventy-five percent of radiation workers had either high MCP-1 levels or low IL-10 levels and 30% had all three cytokines dysregulated. Approximately 50% of workers showed upregulated antioxidant status, which appeared to compensate the pro-inflammatory cytokine shift in these individuals. In contrast, only 2% of the control subjects were found to have three dysregulated cytokines, and all of them measured within the normal TAS range. The present study may represent an important step towards the establishment of a reliable set of biomarkers for health-risk estimation in population cohorts exposed to low radiation doses.
The mass distribution of Galactic double neutron stars: constraints on the gravitational-wave sources like GW170817
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Yang Yiyan , Zhang Chengmin , Yang Wuming , Li Di , Bi Shaolan , Zhang Xianfei 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
The merger event of double neutron star (DNS) system (GW170817) was detected by the gravitational-wave (GW) detectors (Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo) in 2017 for the first time, so their mass distribution has become a significant topic with the new round GW hunting (O3) in 2019. A few models (e.g. Gaussian, two-Gaussian, or mixture-Gaussian) were adopted to draw the mass distribution of observed Galactic DNS systems, however, there is no a confirmed model now due to the small size of DNS samples (N < 20). Here we focus on determining the most probable distribution ranges of DNS masses without model selection by assuming the neutron star masses to be uniformly distributed between the lower and upper bounds. We apply a Bayesian analysis and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation to 15 Galactic DNS systems, and obtain that the component masses of DNS systems should mainly fall in the range of 1.165–1.590 M⊙, and the predominant ranges for the total mass, mass ratio, and chirp mass lie in 2.535–2.867 M⊙, 0.741–0.995, and 1.115–1.237 M⊙, respectively. Our results are in agreement with the properties of DNS in GW170817, whose 90 per cent credible intervals for the component masses, total masses, mass ratio, and chirp masses are 1.16–1.60 M⊙, $2.73_{-0.01}^{+0.04}\, \mathrm{ M}_\odot$, 0.73–1.00, and $1.186_{-0.001}^{+0.001}\, \mathrm{ M}_\odot$, respectively. The above similarity is an important indicator that reveals the source of GW170817 to be a DNS system from the galaxy NGC 4993, and our results can be tested by the forthcoming GW hunting O3.
The impact of the locally measured Hubble parameter on the mass of sterile neutrino
Authors: Ebadinejad M 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
We present a precise analysis to test hypothetical models involving sterile neutrinos beyond the standard flat-ΛCDM cosmology with the CMB observations from the Planck mission and BAO measurements. This analysis shows that adding the locally measured Hubble parameter H0 = 73.00 ± 1.75 km s−1 Mpc−1 to the data removes the need for the informative physical $m_{\mathrm{ sterile}}^{\mathrm{ thermal}}$ prior in CMB constraints of $m_{\nu ,\mathrm{ sterile}}^{\mathrm{ eff}}$. Under the constraints from the data containing the locally measured H0 we obtain an upper limit $m_{\nu ,\mathrm{ sterile}}^{\mathrm{ eff}} \lt 0.306$ eV scale mass for the massive sterile neutrino, and an upper limit Σmν < 0.214 eV scale mass for the three degenerate massive neutrino (95 per cent confidence level). We also obtain the value σ8 = $0.81^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ (95 per cent confidence level), which is in compatibility with the constraints from Planck 2015 CMB data at the 1σ level. We find that introducing parameter $m_{\nu ,\mathrm{ sterile}}^{\mathrm{ eff}}$ to the model of cosmology reduces the σ8 value and moves it closer to the obtained value for this parameter from the KiDS-450 analysis. Our results show that the locally measured Hubble parameter can increase constraints on σ8 values.