bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel octaray multielectrode catheter for high‐resolution atrial mapping: Electrogram characterization and utility for mapping ablation gaps
Authors: Sroubek Jakub , Rottmann Markus , Barkagan Michael , Leshem Eran , Shapira‐Daniels Ayelet , Brem Erez , Fuentes‐Ortega Cesar , Malinaric Jamie , Basu Shubhayu , Bar‐Tal Meir , Anter Elad 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionMultielectrode mapping catheters improve the ability to map within the heterogeneous scar. A novel Octaray catheter with eight spines and 48 electrodes may further improve the speed and resolution of atrial mapping. The aims of this study were to (1) establish the Octaray's baseline mapping performance and electrogram (EGM) characteristics in healthy atria and to (2) determine its utility for identifying gaps in a swine model of atrial ablation lines.Methods and ResultsThe right atria of eight healthy swine were mapped with Octaray and Pentaray catheters (Biosense Webster, Irvine, CA) before and after the creation of ablation lines with intentional gaps. Baseline mapping characteristics including EGM amplitude, duration, number of EGMs, and mapping time were compared. Postablation maps were created and EGM characteristics of continuous lines and gaps were correlated with pathology. Compared with Pentaray, the Octaray collected more EGMs per map (2178 ± 637 vs 1046 ± 238; P < 0.001) at a shorter mapping duration (3.2 ± 0.79 vs 6.9 ± 2.67 minutes; P < 0.001). In healthy atria, the Octaray recorded lower bipolar voltage amplitude (1.96 ± 1.83 mV vs 2.41 ± 1.92 mV; P < 0.001) while ablation gaps were characterized by higher voltage amplitude (1.24 ± 1.12 mV vs 1.04 ± 1.27 mV; P < 0.001). Ablation gaps were similarly identified by both catheters (P = 1.0). The frequency of “false gaps,” defined as intact ablation lines with increased voltage amplitude was more common with Pentaray (6 vs 2) and resulted from erroneous annotation of far‐field EGMs.ConclusionThe Octaray increases the mapping speed and density compared with the Pentaray catheter. It is as sensitive for identifying ablation gaps and more specific for mapping intact ablation lines.
Risk factors of rescue bismuth quadruple therapy failure for Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Lee Jung Won , Kim Nayoung , Nam Ryoung Hee , Lee Sun Min , Soo In Choi , Kim Jung Mogg , Lee Dong Ho 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and AimFailure of bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication is frequently observed. To increase the eradication rate, comprehensive analyses need to be performed regarding risk factors of bismuth quadruple therapy failure based on complete standard culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.MethodsPatients with history of failed first therapy who had H. pylori colonies isolated from culture and successful minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test were enrolled. Esomeprazole, bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline (quadruple) therapies for 7 or 14 days were given. Eradication rate, treatment compliance, adverse events, and risk factors for the failure of bismuth quadruple therapy were analyzed.ResultsA total 54 patients were enrolled. Overall eradication rate in the present study was 88.8%. The eradication rate for cases with metronidazole resistance such as MIC 8–16 μg/mL or 16–32 μg/mL was 92.8% (13/14). For cases with high level metronidazole resistance (MIC > 32 μg/mL), the eradication rate was only 60% (6/10). Multivariate analysis regarding compliance, treatment duration, age > 60, three kinds of metronidazole MICs, tetracycline MIC > 4 μg/mL, adverse events and any other parameters, “metronidazole resistance, high level (MIC > 32 μg/mL)” was the only independent risk factor for eradication failure (P = 0.007).ConclusionFor cases with metronidazole resistance at MIC > 32 μg/mL, rescue therapy other than bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy is needed.
Nursing Education, Cultural Differences, and Political Conflicts: Israeli First‐Person Action Research
Authors: Arieli Daniella 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this article was to focus on interventions that were part of an attempt to engage, in nursing education, with the challenges of working in a society afflicted with violent political tensions.DesignThis article is an initial reflective report on two interventions (with students and with the nursing faculty) that were part of ongoing action research at a nursing school in Israel.MethodologyThe methodology used for this article is first‐person action research based on the author's reflective accounts.FindingsThree themes in relation to the intervention with students are (a) acknowledging different identities; (b) making conflict discussable; and (c) the dynamics of silencing and self‐censorship. Four vignettes that were at the center of the faculty's workshop are presented, as are the main contributions and shortcomings of the workshop. The main key to success for both interventions was that they were designed to answer specific needs and concerns of the participants.ConclusionsThere is a need for a wider effort to find ways to better address deep political, ethnic, social, religious, and racial conflicts as an integral part of nursing education. Interventions need to be tailor made for nursing and for the context.Clinical RelevancePreparing future nurses to care in a context of complex political realities is essential for effective caregiving in societies fraught with conflict. Sharing attempts to implement interventions with students and faculty is a prerequisite for a wider global effort of addressing conflict in nursing education.
Variables that predict response of nevus of ota to lasers
Authors: Rani Seema , Sardana Kabir 
Published: February 2019

SummaryNevus of ota is a dermal melanocytosis common among Asian patients, mottled, blue‐gray macule that is usually located unilaterally within the distribution of the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve and almost always responds well to treatment with Q‐switched lasers (eg, ruby, alexandrite, and Nd: YAG). In spite of the plethora of science behind laser‐tissue interactions, the objective evaluation of nevus of ota response to laser is not on firm footing and most studies report subjective percentile scoring improvement. A knowledge of the variations in morphology of nevus of ota can help predict an optimal dose response and help to counsel patients appropriately.
Prevention, monitoring and treatment of cardiovascular adverse events in myeloma patients receiving carfilzomib A consensus paper by the European Myeloma Network and the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Bringhen S. , Milan A. , D'Agostino M. , Ferri C. , Wäsch R. , Gay F. , Larocca A. , Offidani M. , Zweegman S. , Terpos E. , Goldschmidt H. , Cavo M. , Ludwig H. , Driessen C. , Auner H. W. , Caers J. , Gramatzki M. , Dimopoulos M. A. , Boccadoro M. , Einsele H. , Sonneveld P. , Engelhardt M. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe novel proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib alone or in combination with other agents is already one of the standard therapies for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (MM) patients and produces impressive response rates in newly diagnosed MM as well. However, carfilzomib‐related cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) – including hypertension (all grades: 12.2%; grade ≥3: 4.3%), heart failure (all grades: 4.1%; grade ≥3: 2.5%) and ischemic heart disease (all grades: 1.8%; grade ≥3: 0.8%) – may lead to treatment suspensions. At present, there are neither prospective studies nor expert consensus on the prevention, monitoring and treatment of CVAEs in myeloma patients treated with carfilzomib.MethodsAn expert panel of the European Myeloma Network in collaboration with the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension and with the endorsement of the European Hematology Association aimed to provide recommendations to support health professionals in selecting the best management strategies for patients, considering the impact on outcome and the risk‐benefit ratio of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, thereby achieving myeloma response with novel combination approaches whilst preventing CVAEs.ResultsPatients scheduled to receive carfilzomib need a careful cardiovascular evaluation before treatment and an accurate follow‐up during treatment.ConclusionsA detailed clinical assessment before starting carfilzomib treatment is essential to identify patients at risk for CVAEs, and accurate monitoring of blood pressure and of early signs and symptoms suggestive of cardiac dysfunction remains pivotal to safely administer carfilzomib without treatment interruptions or dose reductions.
Production performance, immune response and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chickens fed diet incorporated with prebiotics
Authors: Biswas Avishek , Mohan Namit , Raza Messam , Mir Nasir Akbar , Mandal Asitbaran 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to identify the suitable replacer of broiler feed antibiotics with prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharides‐MOS or fructooligosaccharide‐FOS). Two hundred and forty (240)‐day‐old chicks were randomly divided into 30 groups (6 treatments x 5 replicates/treatment x 8 chicks/replicate). Six experimental diets T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were formulated to contain an additional 0, antibiotic, that is, bacitracin methylene di‐salicylate (BMD) @20 mg/kg, MOS (0.1% and 0.2%) and FOS (0.1% and 0.2%) respectively. Body weight gain was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in MOS‐0.2% supplemented group at 0–21 d and 0–42 d of broiler chicken. Humoral and in vivo cell‐mediated immune response were significantly improved (p < 0.05) in BMD, MOS @0.1% or 0.2% treated group. Significant (p < 0.05) increase was recorded in total protein (except 21 d), albumin and aspartate amino transferase (AST) and decrease (p < 0.05) in alanine amino transferase (except 42 d), cholesterol and uric acid concentration. The weight of breast, thigh, back, drumstick bursa of Fabricius and thymus were higher (p < 0.05) in the birds given the MOS @0.2% (T4). It is concluded that MOS @0.2% may be suitable replacer of antibiotic growth promoter, and it has a beneficial effect on production performance, immune responses, blood biochemical parameters and cut up parts in broiler chickens.
Plant community strategies responses to recent eruptions of Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico
Authors: Barba‐Escoto Luis , Ponce‐Mendoza Alejandro , García‐Romero Arturo , Calvillo‐Medina Rosa Paulina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractQuestionsWhat are the mechanisms operating behind the plant community structure changes over time after lahars activity of Popocatépetl volcano? We hypothesize that functional diversity matters more than species richness and that, after major disturbances, the pioneer plant community will first show a ruderal composition, that subsequently changes into successional stages in which competitive and stress‐tolerating species become dominant life‐forms. We expect this process to be revealed by the community's functional signature.LocationPopocatépetl volcano in Mexico (19°1′0″N, 98°37′0″W) which has undergone large eruptive activity that has caused lahars formation.MethodsIn 2002, survey plots were established in the bottom of the Huilóac gorge. Species composition and abundance data were thereafter collected for 10 years. In 2013, data on three functional traits leaf area (LA), leaf dry matter content and LA of 67 species were obtained and each species was assigned to a strategy according to the CSR (Competitive, Stress‐Tolerant or Ruderal) scheme. A community‐functional signature was calculated for each year. Also, a parallel ordination of plots strategies composition in time was performed to confirm functional shift trends.ResultsInitial successional phases were dominated by ruderal and competitive species. Thereafter, the communities went through a phase of increasing heterogeneity of strategies, which was followed by dominance of competitive and stress‐tolerant strategists in the later years. Parallel ordination confirmed the gradient of functional differentiation through time.ConclusionsThe change from ruderal/competitive to stress‐tolerant and competitive species with time suggests that the most recent lahar event played a major role in sorting species according to their tolerance for disturbances. Thereafter, a major trend has been the gradual shift from ruderal to stress‐tolerant species (conifers and alpine grasses).
Improvement of soybean cultivars for natto production through the selection of seed morphological and physiological characteristics and seed compositions: A review
Authors: Escamilla Diana M. , Rosso Maria L. , Holshouser David L. , Chen Pengyin , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNatto, a traditional soyfood fermented by Bacillus subtilis (natto), is prepared by steaming/cooking of soaked soybean seeds followed by inoculation with the bacteria and incubation. Natto soybean has increased in popularity due to its nutritional value and health benefits. Thus, the natto soybean market provides additional opportunities for farmers. The development of soybean cultivars with improved natto quality characteristics is crucial for maintaining and increasing the natto soybean market. Good‐quality characteristics of natto are determined by soybean cultivar, processing conditions and bacteria strain. Natto quality evaluation generally determined by sensory panels is time consuming. Therefore, indirect selection for natto quality based on seed traits is preferred. Seed morphological and physiological characteristics and seed compositions play an important role in producing natto of good quality. In this review, we have summarized natto processing conditions, natto quality characteristics, seed traits involved in natto quality and their genetic variation, as well as the genetic diversity in food‐grade soybean germplasms and B. subtilis strains. Information presented will be helpful for natto soybean cultivar development and natto manufacture.
Shaftesbury's “SUBLIME and BEAUTIFUL” Naturalism
Authors: Lynch Tony , Norris Stephen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury drew on the naturalism of Locke to open up a naturalistic reading of experience conceived as a matter of reality revealing pattern perception that was lost to view in the impact of subsequent idealist readings of Locke's epistemology offered by Bishop Berkeley (1685–1753) and David Hume (1711–1776). This essay recovers and explicates Shaftesbury's alternative to idealist conceptions of pattern making.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Lasiodiplodia theobromae from different hosts in northeastern Brazil and Mexico
Authors: Rêgo T. J. S. , Elena G. , Correia K. C. , Tovar‐Pedraza J. M. , Câmara M. P. S. , Armengol J. , Michereff S. J. , Berbegal M. 
Published: February 2019

Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the most frequent fungal pathogens associated with dieback, gummosis, leaf spot, stem‐end rot and fruit rot symptoms in cashew, mango, papaya and grapevine. In this study, the variation in the genetic diversity of 117 L. theobromae isolates from northeastern Brazil (n = 100) and Mexico (n = 17), which were collected from these four crops, was analysed using microsatellite markers. The results revealed low genetic diversity among L. theobromae populations and the existence of two genetic groups. All Mexican isolates were grouped with Brazilian isolates, suggesting a low level of differentiation between these populations. Furthermore, no evident host or climate‐based population differentiation was observed for L. theobromae in Brazil. The populations studied were mostly clonal, but additional studies are needed to better understand the mode of reproduction of the pathogen. The low genetic diversity of L. theobromae populations in northeastern Brazil suggests that resistant cultivars could be used as a durable management strategy to reduce the impact of the diseases caused by this pathogen.
Maternal depression and children’s false belief understanding
Authors: Shamblaw Amanda L. , Benson Jeannette E. , Harkness Kate L. , Sabbagh Mark A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChildren of depressed mothers show substantial social impairment, which increases their risk for developing depression. Theory of mind understanding forms the basis of social functioning, and is impaired in children of currently depressed mothers. Models of risk emphasize that a history of any maternal depression confers risk to later psychopathology. Therefore, we tested a novel model of the impact of lifetime maternal depression on children’s false belief understanding that accounts for three primary factors that scaffold this understanding: maternal mental state talk, and children’s executive functioning and language abilities. Children aged 41–48 months with a maternal lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 19) performed significantly more poorly on the false belief battery compared to those without (n = 44). Further, lower levels of mental state talk, child executive functioning, and child language ability were significantly associated with poorer false belief scores. However, the relation between maternal MDD and children’s false belief performance was not mediated by any of these factors. These results indicate that maternal depression predicts poorer false belief understanding independently of other crucial scaffolding variables, and may be a social cognitive mechanism underlying the intergenerational transmission of depression.
Optimism and Bias When Evaluating a Prosocial Initiative*
Authors: Child Curtis , Witesman Eva M. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThis study examines how people evaluate prosocial initiatives—in particular, whether they exhibit optimism bias when asked to consider the outcomes of a hypothetical initiative that is described to take place in the nonprofit, business, or government sector. It also assesses the conditions under which optimism bias is malleable.MethodsWe use a survey with an experimental component to compare subjects’ evaluations of a hypothetical initiative across a set of priming (positive prime, negative prime, no prime) and sector (nonprofit, government, business, social business) conditions.ResultsWe find evidence that optimism bias is widespread, regardless of the sector in question. Subjects are only inclined to alter their assessments when provided with new information that is positive (in contrast to new information that is negative).ConclusionThe findings offer qualified support for the blurring hypothesis, suggesting that sector may be losing its status as a defining characteristic of the organizational landscape.
Life cycle assessment of rainwater harvesting systems for Brazilian semi‐arid households
Authors: Barbosa de Jesus Thiago , Costa Kiperstok Alice , Borges Cohim Eduardo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe assess and compare energy intensities in different setups of Rainwater Harvesting Systems (RHWS), in households located in Brazilian semi‐arid. Life cycle assessment was applied to verify the cumulative energy demand (CED) of systems with different catchment areas and reservoir volumes. The contribution of each component to the energy intensity was considered, as well the feedstock energy of the materials in final waste disposal. None of the evaluated systems were able to meet the total demand for water in a household due production limitations such as catchment area and precipitation. In all RWHS evaluated, the energy intensity was lower than municipality. Larger catchment areas increase productivity and reduce the energy intensity of the systems. Differently, increasing reservoir volume initially reduces energy intensity and reaches an optimal point around 1000–2500 L capacity. The construction phase had more intensity than the use phase.
Numerical Study on Static and Dynamic Performances of a Double-Pad Annular Inherently Compensated Aerostatic Thrust Bearing
Authors: Zhuang Hui , Ding Jianguo , Chen Peng , Chang Yu , Zeng Xiaoyun , Yang Hong , Liu Xingbao , Wei Wei 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The performances of aerostatic bearings have an important impact on machining accuracy in the ultraprecision machine tools. In this paper, numerical simulation is performed to calculate the static and dynamic performances of a double-pad annular inherently compensated aerostatic thrust bearing, while considering the effects of the upper bearing and lower bearing. The static results calculated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method are compared with the finite difference method (FDM) for the specific model. By using polynomial fitting, the load-carrying capacity (LCC) of the bearing is calculated and the relationship between eccentricity ratio, design parameters, and static stiffness is analyzed. The active dynamic mesh method (ADMM) is applied to obtain the dynamic performance of the double-pad aerostatic thrust bearing based on the perturbation theory. Meanwhile, the effects of supply pressure, orifice diameter, squeeze number, and eccentricity ratio are comprehensively considered. Moreover, the step response of the double-pad thrust bearing is analyzed by using the passive dynamic mesh method (PDMM) based on dynamic equation. Related dynamic parameters including natural frequency are obtained through a system identification toolbox with Matlab, which can be used to avoid resonance. It is found that the dynamic calculation results computed by the ADMM and the PDMM are very close. The proposed method can be used to provide guidance for the design and optimization of the double-pad aerostatic thrust bearings.
Study of Cavitation Bubbles Evolution for High-Speed Water-Lubricated Spiral Groove Thrust Bearings
Authors: Lin Xiaohui , Wang Ruiqi , Zhang Shaowen , Zhang Chibin , Jiang Shuyun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of cavitation bubbles for the high-speed water-lubricated spiral groove thrust bearing. A theoretical model of cavitation bubble evolution considering multiple effects (interface, breakage, and coalescence of bubbles) was established for the bearing. A high-speed experimental setup was developed to measure the distribution of bubbles. The theoretical model is verified by the experimental data. The results show that the Boltzmann-type bubble transport equation can be used to describe the bubble evolution of the bearing under the breakup and coalescence at high-speed conditions; the volume of the bubble group presents a skewed distribution in equilibrium; the number of small-sized bubbles is greater than that of large-sized bubbles at high rotational speed; the bubbles are mainly distributed at the inlets and outlets of spiral grooves; the bubble number density increases with the groove depth and spiral angle; more bubbles are generated near the outer diameter of the bearing. The study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the bubble evolution of the water-lubricated spiral groove bearing under high speeds.