bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated expression of FGB predicts poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients with tobacco exposure
Authors: Hu Xu-gang , Jiao De-min , Si You-liang , Chen Jun , Tang Xia-li , Wang Da-wei , Chen Qing-yong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Tobacco exposure is the most important risk factor for the occurrence and death of lung cancer. Fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), the most abundant coagulation factor in plasma, is putatively involved in tumor progression. This study aimed to evaluate the expression pattern and prognostic value of FGB in lung adenocarcinoma with tobacco exposure.
Methods: FGB expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and corresponding normal lung tissues was compared in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Stratified analysis was conducted to investigate the expression of FGB in LUAD patients with different tobacco exposure. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox-regression analysis were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of FGB. The same survival analyses were conducted in the KM plotter database to validate the prognostic value of FGB.
Results: FGB expression was significantly increased in LUAD tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.001). The FGB expression in smoker group was higher than those in non-smoker group (P<0.001). High FGB expression was associated with advanced N stage (P=0.033) and TNM stage (P=0.046). The smoker group possessed higher level of FGB both in LUAD patients without (P=0.003) or (P =0.045) with lymph node metastasis. However, in early TNM stages, the smoker group showed elevated expression of FGB compared with non-smoker group (P=0.0004), and in advanced TNM stages, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.350). In survival analyses, patients with high FGB expression had remarkably worse overall survival (P=0.007) and progression-free survival ((P=0.007) than those with low FGB expression. In smoker group, high level of FGB expression predicted worse OS (P=0.003) and PFS (P=0.029). Cox-regression analysis indicated that FGB was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients’ OS (HR= 1.616, P=0.017) and PFS (HR= 1.710, P=0.028). In smoking group, FGB also served as a promising prognostic biomarker for OS (HR= 1.806, P=0.027) and PFS (HR= 2.181, P=0.013). Similar survival curves were generated in the KM plotter cohort.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that elevated expression of FGB may identify an aggressive subgroup in LUAD with tobacco exposure and serve as an independent prognostic indicator in these patients.
Assessing the risk of early unplanned rehospitalisation in preterm babies: EPIPAGE 2 study
Authors: Reed Robert A. , Morgan Andrei S. , Zeitlin Jennifer , Jarreau Pierre-Henri , Torchin Héloïse , Pierrat Véronique , Ancel Pierre-Yves , Khoshnood Babak 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Gaining a better understanding of the probability, timing and prediction of rehospitalisation amongst preterm babies could help improve outcomes. There is limited research addressing these topics amongst extremely and very preterm babies. In this context, unplanned rehospitalisations constitute an important, potentially modifiable adverse event. We aimed to establish the probability, time-distribution and predictability of unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge in a population of French preterm babies.Methods This study used data from EPIPAGE 2, a population-based prospective study of French preterm babies. Only those babies discharged home alive and whose parents responded to the 1-year survey were eligible for inclusion in our study. For Kaplan-Meier analysis, the outcome was unplanned rehospitalisation censored at 30 days. For predictive modelling, the outcome was binary, recording unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge. Predictors included routine clinical variables selected based on expert opinion.Results Of 3,841 eligible babies, 350 (9.1%, 95% CI 8.2-10.1) experienced an unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days. The probability of rehospitalisation progressed at a consistent rate over the 30 days. There were significant differences in rehospitalisation probability by gestational age. The cross-validated performance of a ten predictor model demonstrated low discrimination and calibration. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.62 (95% CI 0.59-0.65).Conclusions Unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge was infrequent and the probability of rehospitalisation progressed at a consistent rate. Lower gestational age increased the probability of rehospitalisation. Predictive models comprised of clinically important variables had limited predictive ability.
Genotypic Variation on Root Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Corn and Soybean
Authors: Rosa A. T. , Diaz D. A. Ruiz , Hansel F. D. , Sebastian J. S. V. , Adee E. A. 
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas
Drought‐tolerant corn increased root length up to 33% over conventional corn.
Differences in root growth among soybean genotypes were site‐specific.
Nutrient dilution effect occurred in both corn shoot and root, but not in soybean.
N, P, Mn, and Zn concentrations were higher in the root biomass for soybean compared with corn.
Larger root systems can help crops to explore more soil volume and increase nutrient uptake. The objective of this study was to evaluate potential differences in root system growth of two corn (Zea mays L.) and two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants of contrasting genotypes. Two experiments were conducted as part of this study (greenhouse and field). The corn genotypes used in the study were considered as drought tolerant (DT) and conventional (CR)–not drought tolerant; whereas soybean genotypes were considered as highly suitable for poorly drained soils (PD) and suitable for well‐drained soils (GD). During the growing season, shoots and roots biomass were recorded and analyzed for total nutrient concentration. Roots were scanned and processed to measure root length, surface area, diameter, and volume. In the greenhouse, corn root length and volume showed greater values for the DT at the VT growth stage compared with the CR. The DT also showed higher N, Mn, and Zn uptake. In the field, the DT showed greater root length at one location. For soybean, the GD showed increased root surface area and volume at one location when compared with the PD. The PD showed higher Zn uptake than the GD. Furthermore, evaluations of nutrient dilution as a function of root biomass was similar to those observed for shoot biomass for corn, but not clear for soybean. This study emphasizes the importance of root system evaluations among different genotypes as it can help on strategies to increase nutrient uptake by crops.
Impact of Maize Roots on Soil–Root Electrical Conductivity: A Simulation Study
Authors: Rao Sathyanarayan , Meunier Félicien , Ehosioke Solomon , Lesparre Nolwenn , Kemna Andreas , Nguyen Frédéric , Garré Sarah , Javaux Mathieu 
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas
The impact of roots on bulk electrical conductivity was studied using a modeling approach.
The presence of roots affects petrophysical relations.
The effect of roots is more pronounced in sandy soil than in loamy soil.
Root surface and soil–root electrical contrast affect ERT measurements the most.
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has become an important tool for studying root‐zone soil water fluxes under field conditions. The results of ERT translate to water content via empirical pedophysical relations, usually ignoring the impact of roots; however, studies in the literature have shown that roots in soils may actually play a non‐negligible role in the bulk electrical conductivity (σ) of the soil–root continuum, but we do not completely understand the impact of root segments on ERT measurements. In this numerical study, we coupled an electrical model with a plant–soil water flow model to investigate the impact of roots on virtual ERT measurements. The coupled model can produce three‐dimensional simulations of root growth and development, water flow in soil and root systems, and electrical transfer in the soil–root continuum. Our electrical simulation illustrates that in rooted soils, for every 1% increase in the root/sand volume ratio, there can be a 4 to 18% increase in the uncertainty of σ computed via the model, caused by the presence of root segments; the uncertainty in a loam medium is 0.2 to 1.5%. The influence of root segments on ERT measurements depends on the root surface area (r = ∼0.6) and the σ contrast between roots and the soil (r = ∼0.9), as revealed by correlation analysis. This study is important in the context of accurate water content predictions for automated irrigation systems in sandy soil.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Clinical Review
Authors: Riera Julia L. , del R. Maliandi María , Musuruana Jorge L. , Cavallasca Javier A. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as a sudden loss of
hearing, usually unilateral, of more than 30 dB in 3 contiguous frequencies of the tonal audiometry.
SSNHL estimates an incidence ranging from 5 to 20 per 100.000 people per year. In approximately
75% of cases, a cause cannot be identified. However, it could be a clinical manifestation of Systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS).

Objective:
This review will focus on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the
SLE and APS associated SSNHL.

Methods:
We searched in PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and Cochrane reviewing reports of Sudden sensorineural
hearing loss in SLE and/or APS. Articles written in English and Spanish, and were available
in full text, were included.

Results:
In patients with SLE, bilateral involvement was frequent. Antiphospholipid antibodies
were positive in the majority of the patients. Corticosteroids were the mainstay of the treatment.
The auditory prognosis was poor with total hearing loss recovery reached in only 22% of patients.

:
On the other hand, most of the patients with SSNHL and APS were males and presented associated
symptoms such as vertigo, tinnitus and/or headache, 75% had bilateral disease. Lupus anticoagulant
and aCL were found in equal proportions, all patients were anticoagulated, and aspirin was associated
in 25% of the cases. Complete resolution or improvement of symptoms was observed in
25% of the patients.

Conclusion:
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, can be a clinical feature of SLE and APS. Treating
physicians should be aware of this devastating complication, especially when bilateral involvement
occurs.
Whole Aegilops tauschii Transcriptome Investigation Revealed Nine Novel miRNAs Involved in Stress Response
Authors: Bakhshi Behnam , Fard Ehsan Mohseni 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Aegilops tauschii is a wild relative of bread wheat. This species has been
reported as the donor of bread wheat D genome. There are also several reports that mentioned the
importance of Ae. tauschii in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. On the other hands, miRNAs have
been reported as the essential regulatory elements in stress response.

Objective:
Therefore, it is important to discover novel miRNAs involved in stress tolerance in this
species. The aim of the current study was to predict novel miRNAs in Ae. tauschii and also
uncover their potential role in stress response.

Methods:
For this purpose, ESTs, TSAs, and miRBase databases were obtained and used to
predict new miRNAs.

Results:
Our results discovered nine novel stem-loop miRNAs. These predicted miRNAs could be
introduced as the new members of previously identified miRNA families in Ae. tauschii, including
miR156, miR168, miR169, and miR319. The result indicating that miR397 and miR530 are novel
families in this species. Furthermore, several novel stem-loop miRNAs predicted for T. aestivum
showed remarkable similarities to novel Ae. tauschii stem-loops.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that predicted novel miRNAs could play a significant role
in stress response.
Rapid Calibration Method for 3D Laser Scanner
Authors: Liu Bin , Qiao Qian , Han Fangfang 
Published: October 2019

Background:
The 3D laser scanner is a non-contact active-sensing system, which has a
number of applications. Many patents have been filed on the technologies for calibrating 3D laser
scanner. A precise calibration method is important for measuring the accuracy of the 3D laser scanner.
The system model contains three categories of parameters to be calibrated which include the
camera intrinsic parameters, distortion coefficients and the light plane parameters. Typically, the
calibration process is completed in two steps. Based on Zhang’s method, the calibration of the camera
intrinsic parameters and distortion coefficients can be performed. Then, 3D feature points on the
light plane should precisely be formed and extracted. Finally, the points are used to calculate the
light plane parameters.

Methods:
In this paper, a rapid calibration method is presented. Without any high precision auxiliary
device, only one coplanar reference target is used. By using a group of captured images of the
coplanar reference target placed in the field of view arbitrarily, calibration can be performed in one
step. Based on the constraint from the planes formed by the target in different directions and the
camera imaging model, a large amount of 3D points on the light plane can easily be obtained. The
light plane equation in the camera coordinates system can be gathered by executing plane fitting to
the 3D points.

Results:
During the experimental process, the developed 3D laser scanner was calibrated by the
proposed method. Then, the measuring accuracy of the system was verified with known distance in
vertical direction of 1mm with sequential shifting motion generated by precision translation stage.
The average value of the measured distances was found to be 1.010mm. The standard deviation was
0.008mm.

Conclusion:
Experimental results prove that the proposed calibration method is simple and reliable.
Discovering Therapeutic Protein Targets for Bladder Cancer Using Proteomic Data Analysis
Authors: Bahrami Samira , Kazemi Bahram , Zali Hakimeh , Black Peter C. , Basiri Abbas , Bandehpour Mojgan , Hedayati Mehdi , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: October 2019

Background:Bladder cancer accounts for almost 54% of urinary system cancer and is the second most frequent cause of death in genitourinary malignancies after prostate cancer. About 70% of bladder tumors are non-muscle-invasive, and the rest are muscle-invasive. Recurrence of the tumor is the common feature of bladder cancer. Chemotherapy is a conventional treatment for MIBC, but it cannot improve the survival rate of these patients sufficiently. Therefore, researchers must develop new therapies. Antibody-based therapy is one of the most important strategies for the treatment of solid tumors. Selecting a suitable target is the most critical step for this strategy.Objective:The aim of this study is to detect therapeutic cell surface antigen targets in bladder cancer using data obtained by proteomic studies.Methods:Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis had identified 131 overexpressed proteins in baldder cancer tissue and reverse-phase proteomic array (RPPA) analysis had been done for 343 tumor tissues and 208 antibodies. All identified proteins from two studies (131+208 proteins) were collected and duplicates were removed (331 unique proteins). Gene ontology study was performed using gene ontology (GO) and protein analysis through evolutionary relationships (PANTHER) databases. The Human Protein Atlas database was used to search the protein class and subcellular location of membrane proteins obtained from the PANTHER analysis.Results:Membrane proteins that could be suitable therapeutic targets for bladder cancer were selected. These included: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Her2, Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP90, Transferrin receptor (TFRC), Activin A Receptor Like Type 1 (ACVRL1), and cadherin 2 (CDH2). Monoclonal antibodies against these proteins or their inhibitors were used for the treatment of different cancers in preclinical and clinical trials.Conclusion:These monoclonal antibodies and inhibitor molecules and also their combination can be used for the treatment of bladder cancer.
Usability of a Mobile Phone App Aimed at Adolescents and Young Adults During and After Cancer Treatment: Qualitative Study
Authors: Hanghøj Signe , Boisen Kirsten A , Hjerming Maiken , Elsbernd Abbey , Pappot Helle 
Published: October 2019

Background
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients are seldom involved in the process of testing cancer-related apps. As such, knowledge about youth-specific content, functionalities, and design is sparse. As a part of a co-creation process of developing the mobile phone app Kræftværket, AYAs in treatment for cancer and in follow-up participated in a usability think-aloud test of a prototype of the app. Thus, the app was initiated, created, and evaluated by AYAs with cancer experience.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the results of a think-aloud test administered to see how the prototype of the app Kræftværket was used by AYAs in treatment for cancer and in follow-up, and to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of the app.

Methods
A total of 20 AYA cancer patients aged 16 to 29 years (n=10 on treatment, n=10 in follow-up) were provided with the first version of the co-created mobile phone app Kræftværket during a 6-week test period (April-May 2018). After the test period, 15 participated in individual usability think-aloud tests. The tests were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
The thematic analysis led to the following themes and subthemes: navigation (subthemes: intuition, features, buttons, home page, profile), visual and graphic design (subthemes: overview, text and colors, photos, videos, YouTube), and usefulness (subthemes: notifications, posts, adding). The analysis identified gender differences in app utilization—female participants seemed to be more familiar with parts of the app. The app seemed to be more relevant to AYAs receiving treatment due to app functions such as tracking symptoms and searching for relevant information. Lack of notifications and incorrect counting of posts were perceived as barriers to using the app.

Conclusions
Usability testing is crucial to meet the needs of the AYA target audience. AYA cancer apps should preferably be relevant, targeted, and unique, and include a tracking function and AYA-produced videos. Notifications and correct marking and ordering of posts are critical to make apps engaging and dynamic. Further research is recommended to evaluate the Kræftværket app with the input of more AYAs.
A Typology of Patients Based on Decision-Making Styles: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: FitzPatrick Mary Anne , Hess Alexandra Claudia , Sudbury-Riley Lynn , Schulz Peter Johannes 
Published: October 2019

Background
Although previous research shows broad differences in the impact of online health information on patient-practitioner decision making, specific research is required to identify and conceptualize patient decision-making styles related to the use of online health information and to differentiate segments according to the influence of online information on patient decision making and interactions with health professionals.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate patients’ decision making in relation to online health information and interactions with health care practitioners. We also aimed to present a typology of patients based on significant differences in their decision making.

Methods
We applied a large-scale cross-sectional research design using a survey. Data, generated using a questionnaire that was administered by companies specializing in providing online panels, were collected from random samples of baby boomers in the United Kingdom, the United States, and New Zealand. The total sample comprised 996 baby boomers born between 1946 and 1964, who had used the internet in the previous 6 months to search for and share health-related information. Data were analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as one-way analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and paired sample t tests.

Results
Analyses identified 3 key decision-making styles that served as the base for 4 unique and stable segments of patients with distinctive decision-making styles: the Collaborators (229/996, 23.0%), the Autonomous-Collaborators (385/996, 38.7%), the Assertive-Collaborators (111/996, 11.1%), and the Passives (271/996, 27.2%). Profiles were further developed for these segments according to key differences in the online health information behavior, demographics, and interactional behaviors of patients. The typology demonstrates that collaborative decision making is dominant among patients either in its pure form or in combination with autonomous or assertive decision making. In other words, most patients (725/996, 72.8%) show significant collaboration in their decision making with health care professionals. However, at times, patients in the combination Autonomous-Collaborative segment prefer to exercise individual autonomy in their decision making, and those in the combination Assertive-Collaborative segment prefer to be assertive with health professionals. Finally, this study shows that a substantial number of patients adopt a distinctly passive decision-making style (271/996, 27.2%).

Conclusions
The patient typology provides a framework for distinguishing practice-relevant and addressable segments with important implications for health care practitioners, including better-targeted communication programs for patients and more successful outcomes for health care services in the long term.
Improving Medication Information Presentation Through Interactive Visualization in Mobile Apps: Human Factors Design
Authors: Roosan Don , Li Yan , Law Anandi , Truong Huy , Karim Mazharul , Chok Jay , Roosan Moom 
Published: October 2019

Background
Despite the detailed patient package inserts (PPIs) with prescription drugs that communicate crucial information about safety, there is a critical gap between patient understanding and the knowledge presented. As a result, patients may suffer from adverse events. We propose using human factors design methodologies such as hierarchical task analysis (HTA) and interactive visualization to bridge this gap. We hypothesize that an innovative mobile app employing human factors design with an interactive visualization can deliver PPI information aligned with patients’ information processing heuristics. Such an app may help patients gain an improved overall knowledge of medications.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of designing an interactive visualization-based mobile app using an HTA approach through a mobile prototype.

Methods
Two pharmacists constructed the HTA for the drug risperidone. Later, the specific requirements of the design were translated using infographics. We transferred the wireframes of the prototype into an interactive user interface. Finally, a usability evaluation of the mobile health app was conducted.

Results
A mobile app prototype using HTA and infographics was successfully created. We reiterated the design based on the specific recommendations from the usability evaluations.

Conclusions
Using HTA methodology, we successfully created a mobile prototype for delivering PPI on the drug risperidone to patients. The hierarchical goals and subgoals were translated into a mobile prototype.