bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shocked quartzite clasts with transverse fractures from Araguainha impact structure, Brazil
Authors: King David T. , Rampino Michael R. , Petruny Lucille W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe central uplift area of Araguainha impact structure (Brazil) includes a quartzite pebble‐ and cobble‐bearing stratigraphic facies that have been profoundly affected by impact processes. These quartzite clasts have been studied previously for their planar deformation features (PDFs), but not with regard to their noteworthy transverse fractures. Petrographic study of transverse fractures within seven selected impact‐affected cobbles from the conglomeratic fluvial facies of the target Devonian Furnas Formation (near the central uplift of Araguainha impact structure) has revealed that there is a micro‐breccia within these transverse fractures, and this micro‐breccia originated by comminution of the host cobble. Further, the transverse fractures in these cobbles have different styles (well‐defined, poorly defined, complex, and diffuse) and are evidently post‐shock, brittle deformation features. We suggest that a late compression‐stage process, perhaps collapse of the central peak, may be responsible for the development of these transverse fractures.
Attitudes in times of crisis: An analysis of individual determinants towards immigration in the Czech Republic
Authors: Gheorghiev Olga , Collini Mattia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper empirically assesses public attitudes towards immigration amid a simultaneity of political and economic crises, offering critical insights into the effects of economic determinants on perceived cultural and economic threats posed by immigration in the Czech Republic. The importance of cultural determinants of attitudes towards immigration gained prominence in the context of growing nationalism and ethnic conflicts. Conversely, some argue that material vulnerabilities remain central to understanding anti‐Immigration sentiments, especially in times of economic crises. This paper challenges separating economic and cultural concerns, highlighting how economic vulnerabilities shape cultural perceptions. The study utilises unique data, delving beyond conventional measures that explore economic determinants and looking into more granular measures of economic vulnerability. Our findings suggest that economic drivers remain pivotal in shaping attitudes towards migration. In addition, we show that the effects of economic drivers can also manifest as cultural concerns.
Dynamics and Control of Sugarcane Smut Using Deterministic and Stochastic Epidemic Models
Authors: Collins Obiora C. , Mugabi Francis , Duffy Kevin J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSugarcane smut disease is a serious issue for farmers as it can greatly reduce sugarcane yield. It is important to manage this disease effectively to prevent economic losses. Farmers can use resistant varieties of sugarcane, remove diseased plants manually, or apply appropriate fungicides to control the spread of the disease; however, the effectiveness of these measures is uncertain. Deterministic and stochastic models are formulated and used to analyze the transmission and control dynamics of the disease. Qualitative analyses of the deterministic model using the basic reproduction number are used to show the conditions under which the disease can be eradicated or persist. Sensitivity analyses are used to determine the influence of each parameter on the disease dynamics. The stochastic model is used to determine the probability of disease extinction or persistence. Both models show the importance of control measures that force the reproduction number below unity. One of the most important controls is shown to be that which reduces the contact rate between the plants and the pathogen. Overall, our models could be useful for making decisions on the effective management of sugarcane smut outbreaks in any endemic area.
Examining associations among depressive symptoms, negative partner attributions, and relationship functioning in different‐gender couples using the actor‐partner interdependence mediation model
Authors: Pollard Deanna L. , Shah Tanya V. , Pathak Neha , Boudreaux Joseph , Babcock Julia C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNegative attributions about the cause of and blame for relationship problems are highly predictive of relationship dysfunction and depression. Consequently, researchers have attempted to understand the role of negative relationship attributions in the association between depression and relationship functioning, with theory and research suggesting negative attributions may mediate the association between depression and relationship functioning. However, these studies were conducted on individuals, not couples. Including a couple of data and employing a dyadic design can provide a more holistic picture of the associations among these variables. The present study used the actor‐partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) to examine associations among depressive symptoms, relationship functioning, and negative partner attributions. Different‐gender couples (N = 200) seeking couples’ clinical services completed measures of negative relationship attributions, relationship distress, and depressive symptoms. Results revealed depressive symptoms to be indirectly related to one's own and one's partner's relationship functioning through one's own negative causal attributions. Actor and partner effects of responsibility attributions and depressive symptoms on relationship functioning were also observed. Results underscore the possible mechanistic role of negative attributions—particularly causal attributions—in maintaining the depression‐relationship dysfunction association.
Does Unilateral High‐Load Resistance Training Influence Strength Change in the Contralateral Arm Also Undergoing High‐Load Training?
Authors: Song Jun Seob , Yamada Yujiro , Kataoka Ryo , Hammert William B. , Kang Anna , Spitz Robert W. , Wong Vickie , Seffrin Aldo , Kassiano Witalo , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTraining one limb with a high‐load has been shown to augment strength changes in the opposite limb training with a low‐load (via cross‐education of strength), indicating that within‐subject models can be problematic when investigating strength changes. This study examined if the cross‐education of strength from unilateral high‐load training could augment the strength changes in the opposite arm undergoing the same unilateral high‐load training. 160 participants were randomized to one of four groups: (1) training on the dominant arm followed by the non‐dominant arm (D + ND), (2) training on the dominant arm only (D‐Only), (3) training on the non‐dominant arm only (ND‐Only), and (4) a non‐exercise control. All exercise groups performed 18 sessions of unilateral high‐load elbow flexion exercise over 6 weeks. Participants were compared for changes in 1RM strength and muscle thickness. Changes in strength of the non‐dominant arm were greater in D + ND (2.7 kg) and ND‐Only (2.6 kg) compared to D‐Only (1.5 kg) and control (−0.2 kg), while the changes were greater in D‐Only compared to control. The same finding was observed in the dominant arm. Only the arms being directly trained observed increases in muscle thickness. Unilateral high‐load resistance training increased strength in the opposite untrained arm, without changes in muscle thickness. This cross‐education of strength did not augment the strength changes in the contralateral arm undergoing the same unilateral high‐load training. However, it does not necessarily indicate that within‐subject models are methodologically sound to investigate strength change if both limbs are trained with a high‐load.
The initiator or responder in chief? Reconciling two prominent theories of presidential power
Authors: Waterman Richard W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveWhile there are several different ways of conceptualizing presidential power, at present, two main theoretical frameworks are of considerable importance. The dominant paradigm since the 1960s is Richard Neustadt's idea that “presidential power is the power to persuade.” Yet, persuasion is far more difficult today than it was in the 1960s, raising the following theoretical conundrum: If presidential power is the power to persuade, why is presidential power increasing, while the president's ability to persuade is decreasing?MethodsGame theory and case studies were used in this study.ResultsOne answer is that presidents now employ “power without persuasion,” as William Howell argues. Yet, presidents still require persuasion to secure important legislation.ConclusionThis article reconciles these two theories, demonstrating how each describes an important aspect of the pursuit of presidential power.
Metaphors and the Invention of Writing
Authors: Ottaviano Ludovica , Kelley Kathryn , Cartolano Mattia , Ferrara Silvia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe foundation of ancient, invented writing systems lies in the predominant iconicity of their sign shapes. However, these shapes are often used not for their referential meaning but in a metaphorical way, whereby one entity stands for another. Metaphor, including its subcategories pars pro toto and metonymy, plays a crucial role in the formation of the earliest pristine invented scripts, yet this mechanism has been understudied from a cognitive, contextual, and comparative perspective. This article aims to address issues pertaining to the definition, development, and application of these mechanisms in the formation of the Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Chinese scripts. We analyze the local cases of metaphor‐in‐action in primary inventions, focusing first on visual metaphors and, second, on the typical or idiosyncratic uses of metonyms.
Allotetraploid nature of a wild potato species, Solanum stoloniferum Schlechtd. et Bché., as revealed by whole‐genome sequencing
Authors: Hosaka Awie J. , Sanetomo Rena , Hosaka Kazuyoshi 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYMexican wild diploid potato species are reproductively isolated from A‐genome species, including cultivated potatoes; thus, their genomic relationships remain unknown. Solanum stoloniferum Schlechtd. et Bché. (2n = 4x = 48, AABB) is a Mexican allotetraploid species frequently used in potato breeding. We constructed a chromosome‐scale assembly of the S. stoloniferum genome using PacBio long‐read sequencing and Hi‐C scaffolding technologies. The final assembly consisted of 1742 Mb, among which 745 Mb and 713 Mb were anchored to the 12 A‐genome and 12 B‐genome chromosomes, respectively. Using the RNA‐seq datasets, we detected 20 994 and 19 450 genes in the A and B genomes, respectively. Among these genes, 5138 and 3594 were specific to the A and B genomes, respectively, and 15 856 were homoeologous, of which 18.6–25.4% were biasedly expressed. Structural variations such as large pericentromeric inversions were frequently found between the A‐ and B‐genome chromosomes. A comparison of the gene sequences from 38 diverse genomes of the related Solanum species revealed that the S. stoloniferum B genome and Mexican diploid species, with the exception of S. verrucosum, were monophyletically distinct from the S. stoloniferum A genome and the other A‐genome species, indicating that the Mexican diploid species share the B genome. The content and divergence of transposable elements (TEs) revealed recent bursts and transpositions of TEs after polyploidization. Thus, the S. stoloniferum genome has undergone dynamic structural differentiation and TE mobilization and reorganization to stabilize the genomic imbalance. This study provides new insights into polyploid evolution and the efficient use of allotetraploid species in potato breeding.
Postdocs should receive relocation benefits from the universities that hire them
Authors: Sabree Zakee L. , Cross Kayla , Gentry James , McAfee Katie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Postdocs are essential to microbial science and STEM academic workforces but are underpaid and receive little-to-no relocation benefits. PhDs foregoing postdoctoral training for lucrative industry and government jobs exit the academic pipeline, which imperils current scholarship and the future professoriate. Relocation to postdoc jobs is expensive, especially for recent graduates and international scholars, but academia rarely provides support. Solving this short-term liquidity pressure can increase productivity, job satisfaction, and the likelihood they remain in academia.
Top-down infliximab plus azathioprine versus azathioprine alone in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis responsive to intravenous steroids: a parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial, the ACTIVE trial
Authors: Amiot Aurelien , Seksik Philippe , Meyer Antoine , Stefanescu Carmen , Wils Pauline , Altwegg Romain , Vuitton Lucine , Plastaras Laurianne , Nicolau Adrien , Pereira Bruno , Duveau Nicoals , Laharie David , Mboup Bassirou , Boualit Medina , Allez Matthieu , Rajca Sylvie , Chanteloup Elise , Bouguen Guillaume , Bazin Thomas , Goutorbe Felix , Richard Nicolas , Moussata Driffa , Vicaut Eric , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent 
Published: November 2024

Background
It is unknown which maintenance therapy is the most effective option for patients admitted for an acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) episode responding to intravenous steroids.

Methods
We conducted a multicentre, parallel-group, open-label randomised controlled trial among 23 French centres in thiopurine and biologics-naïve adults admitted for ASUC responding to intravenous steroids. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive infliximab (IFX) and azathioprine (AZA) with a 7-day steroid tapering scheme (IFX+AZA arm) or AZA and conventional standardised steroid tapering regimen (AZA arm). The primary composite endpoint was treatment failure at week 52, defined as the absence of steroid-free clinical remission, the absence of endoscopic response, the use of a prohibited treatment for relapse, severe adverse event leading to treatment interruption, colectomy or death. Multiple imputation for missing data was performed.

Findings
Among the 64 patients randomised (Lichtiger score 13.5±2.0; median age of 34.5 (P25–P75 26.3–50.3) years, median C reactive protein of 29.0 (12.8–96.8) mg/L at baseline): 32 were assigned to the IFX+AZA arm and 32 to the AZA arm. In the ITT population, treatment failure at week 52 was observed in 22/27 (81.5%) in the AZA arm and 16/30 (53.3%) in the IFX+AZA arm (risk ratio 3.85, 95% CI (1.15 to 12.88), p=0.03). 29 adverse events were severe, including 13 disease exacerbations, 6 severe infections without any difference between both arms.

Interpretation
Combination therapy with IFX+AZA was more effective at 1 year than AZA alone to avoid treatment failure in patients with ASUC responding to intravenous steroids.

Trial registration number

NCT02425852
.
Lifestyle, Working Conditions, and Quality of Life Among Dentists in Kazakhstan
Authors: Syzdykova Azhar , Toguzbayeva Karlygash , Syzdykova Aiman , Bekkazinova Danara , Qumar Ainur B. , Abikulova Akmaral , Izekenova Aigulsum 
Published: November 2024

Background: The study of working conditions and the quality of life (QoL) of medical workers has not lost its relevance worldwide. This highlights the need to understand the many aspects of life that may characterize physician performance and satisfaction with working conditions. This is extremely important for providing quality and safe medical care. This research aims to study dentists’ lifestyles and working conditions in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the impact of these indicators on their QoL.Methods: This article presents the results of a cross‐sectional survey of a sociological questionnaire conducted with the participation of 254 dentists in Kazakhstan.Results: Only a third of dentists follow a healthy lifestyle. In total, 39% of dentists currently smoke, and 24% drink alcohol. Dentists with more than 20 years of experience have a worse QoL and have the lowest scores in all domains compared to dentists with less experience. The lowest score was scored for mental health (mean = 51.81). On all scales, dentists who worked more than 40 h a week reported decreased QoL; the lowest score was in the “mental health” domain (mean = 52.80).Conclusion: The QoL of dentists in Kazakhstan is negatively affected by their working hours and long working experience. Measures are necessary to improve their working conditions, work schedule planning, and mental health.
Analysis of Influencing Factors Related to Health Literacy of Diabetic Patients: A Survey Based on DHLEIS
Authors: Chen Yalan , Wang Zepeng , Jiang Fangyuan , Shi Junyi , Jiang Kui 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study is aimed at investigating health literacy (HL) among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients using a comprehensive, scientific, feasible, and suitable HL assessment indicator system tailored for the diabetic population in mainland China and systematically analyzing the factors influencing HL in this population.Methods: The Delphi expert consultation method was employed to initially draft and refine the Diabetes Health Literacy Evaluation Indicator System (DHLEIS). The reliability and representativeness of the indicator system were tested through metrics including the active coefficient, authority degree, and coordination degree. A HL survey questionnaire for diabetic patients was developed based on DHLEIS and administered to diabetic patients across five hospitals in Nantong and Yancheng cities, Jiangsu Province. The random forest method was utilized to deeply analyze the impact of various factors on HL and its four dimensions and to identify the core influencing factors.Results: Analysis of 707 questionnaires based on the DHLEIS revealed that nine factors—age, sex, body shape, income, exercise, education level, duration of DM, whether insulin is injected, and the number of cohabitants—significantly impact the HL levels. Among these, age, duration of DM, education level, and number of cohabitants were particularly influential across the four dimensions of health knowledge, awareness, behavior, and skills. Factors related to health knowledge and skills were the most significant contributors to overall HL.Conclusions: The multidimensional analysis of factors influencing HL offers valuable insights into characterizing varying levels of HL among diabetic patients. This approach supports targeted cognitive improvements and the effective enhancement of health skills, ultimately leading to better health outcomes.
An Exploration of the Impact of a Work Integrated Learning Community (WILCo) Model on Students’ Placement Experiences and Intention to Remain: A Longitudinal, Exploratory Study
Authors: Whiteing Nicola , Walker Felicity , Aggar Christina , Bowen Karen 
Published: November 2024

Background: Work Integrated Learning experiences contribute to nursing student attrition and preparation for practice. A predicted global shortage of nurses requires healthcare organisations and education providers to review and implement new models of Work Integrated Learning to best prepare and retain nursing students for practice. Work Integrated Learning opportunities within the same healthcare facility may improve nursing student’s clinical learning experiences.Objectives: To explore student experiences during a Work Integrated Learning Community (WILCo) model and their intention to remain working at the healthcare facility upon graduation.Design: A longitudinal, exploratory, qualitative research study utilising focus groups.Settings: Tertiary teaching hospitals in regional New South Wales Australia.Participants: A convenience sample of Bachelor of Nursing students (n = 26) studying at a regional university in Australia who were participating in the WILCo program were invited to participate in this research.Methods: Focus groups were conducted with students after the completion of their Work Integrated Learning experiences (n = 16) during their degree. Data were thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke’s framework.Results: Five themes emerged: ‘learning local’, ‘belonging’, ‘collegiality’, ‘piecing together the puzzle’: ‘theory and practice’ and ‘looking to the future’.Conclusion: Work Integrated Learning opportunities at the same healthcare facility had a positive effect on student’s sense of belonging and collegiality. The continuity of the placement allowed familiarity with complex systems, processes and healthcare staff, which reduced stressors. This collaborative Work Integrated Learning initiative was successful in improving the quality of the student learning experience and their intention to seek employment within the healthcare facility.
Insights into Cloud Albedo Biases from a Cloud-Controlling Factor Framework
Authors: Blanco Joaquín E. , Caballero Rodrigo , Sherwood Steven , Alexander Lisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A long-standing and pervasive problem in climate modeling is the proper representation of cloud albedo over the Southern Ocean (SO). In this study, we investigate the causes of SO cloud albedo biases using phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) simulations and a cloud-controlling factor approach on daily time scales. Cloud albedo, computed from upwelling and downwelling shortwave radiation at the surface and top of the atmosphere, is averaged into bins of vertical velocity, surface wind, and sea surface temperature. The performance of 15 models in both atmosphere-only and ocean-coupled configurations is evaluated against Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite retrievals in combination with ERA5 reanalysis for the 2000–14 period. We find that the SO cloud biases maximize in the 50°–65° oceanic band and that models tend to underestimate SO cloud reflectivity for cold conditions and weak surface winds. In turn, descent (ascent) conditions are consistently underestimated (overestimated) across models for both hemispheres in the same latitude band. With a very similar approach, we evaluate how models represent the observed cloud albedo hemispheric asymmetry over oceans, which also maximizes in the 50°–65° band. The sign of the asymmetry is consistently predicted by all models, many of which also predict a similar magnitude to observations. However, this is also a consequence of compensating global biases as individually most models tend to either overpredict or underpredict cloud albedo in both hemispheres. We propose that surface temperatures less than 4°C are important in explaining SO bias in cloud albedo and that they also partly explain the observed hemispheric asymmetry. Further, we hypothesize that the 4°C threshold sets a hemispheric asymmetry in cloud phase.