bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Temperature‐Based Flexural Properties of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composite Laminates Incorporated with Carbon Nanotube Sheets
Authors: Cheng Xueying , Liu Ling , Feng Xu , Shen Lulu , Wu Zhanjun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study introduces carbon nanotube buckypaper (CNTBP) into the easily fractured sites of [0°]16 and [0°/90°]4S composite laminates, and comparatively explores how the CNTBP affects the flexural properties of the laminates at 25, −15, and −55 °C. Compared to the base [0°]16 and [0°/90°]4S laminates at the same temperature, improvements of the flexural strengths in the order of 4.0–15.3% and 6.5–31.0% are respectively obtained from the corresponding CNTBP‐reinforced [0°]16 and [0°/90°]4S laminates. Importantly, the lower the temperature is, the higher the strength improves. In fact, the CNTBP has little effect on the flexural moduli of the studied laminates, although there is an increasing trend with decreased temperature. Moreover, the introduced CNTBP would significantly change the fracture mechanism of the laminates at low temperature. The present work reveals that the CNTBP exhibits more positive reinforcing capability to the polymer matrix‐based composite laminates at relatively low temperatures.
Organocatalysts for the Synthesis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate‐co‐isosorbide terephthalate): A Combined Experimental and DFT Study
Authors: Stanley Nicholas , Chenal Thomas , Jacquel Nicolas , Saint‐Loup René , Prates Ramalho Joao Paulo , Zinck Philippe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrganocatalysts are assessed for the insertion of isosorbide, a rigid, biobased diol monomer, into poly(ethylene terephthalate). A sulfonic acid (p‐toluenesulfonic acid—APTS), an amidine base (1,8‐diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec‐7‐ene—DBU) and a guanidine base (1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene—TBD) successfully catalyze the polymerization. The reaction mechanisms are studied by density functional theory. A bifunctional activation is observed in the presence of the sulfonic acid, the carbonyl moiety being activated via the acidic proton of APTS and the alcohol via the basic oxygen. Regarding DBU, a mechanism based on a basic activation of the alcohol rather than a nucleophilic attack of the catalyst is evidenced. The difference observed between TBD and DBU is attributed to a better H‐bonding ability of the former versus the latter.
Aberrant ERG expression associates with downregulation of miR‐4638‐5p and selected genomic alterations in a subset of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Shanxiang , Wang Lin , Cheng Liang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractERG (avian v‐ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog), an oncoprotein in prostate carcinoma and Ewing's sarcoma is associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and T lymphoblastic leukemia. However little is known about ERG in lymphoma. Here we studied ERG in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genome‐wide microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling, real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and whole exome sequencing (WES). Approximately 30% of de novo DLBCLs (37 of 118) expressed ERG (ERG+). ERG expression showed no significant correlation with DLBCL cell‐of‐origin classification, patient's age, sex, nodal, or extranodal disease status, tumor expression of p53 or p63. There was no ERG rearrangement in 10 randomly selected ERG+ DLBCLs by FISH. Forty‐three miRNAs showed significant differential expression between ERG+ and ERG− DLBCLs. Downregulation of miR‐4638‐5p was confirmed by real‐time RT‐PCR. WES not only confirmed known gene mutations in DLBCLs but also revealed multiple novel gene mutations in POLA1, E2F1, PSMD8, AXIN1, GAB2, and GNB2L1, which occur more frequently in ERG+ DLBCLs. In conclusion, our studies demonstrated aberrant ERG expression in a subset of DLBCL, which is associated with downregulation of miR‐4638‐5p. In comparison with ERG‐negative DLBCL, ERG+ DLBCL more likely harbors mutations in genes important in cell cycle control, B‐cell receptor‐mediated signaling and degradation of β‐catenin. Further clinicopathological correlation and functional studies of ERG‐related miRNAs and pathways may provide new insight into the pathogenesis of DLBCL and reveal novel targets for better management of patients with DLBCL.
Cell therapy for Parkinson's disease: Why it doesn't work every time
Authors: Collier Timothy J. , Sortwell Caryl E. , Mercado Natosha M. , Steece‐Collier Kathy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe clinical experience with cell replacement therapy for advanced PD has yielded notable successes and failures. A recent autopsy case report of an individual that received implants of fetal dopamine neurons 16 years previously, but at no time experienced clinical benefit despite the best documented survival of grafted neurons and most extensive reinnervation of the striatum, raises sobering issues. With good reason, a great deal of effort in cell replacement science continues to focus on optimizing the cell source and implantation procedure. Here, we describe our preclinical studies in aged rats indicating that despite survival of large numbers of transplanted dopamine neurons and dense reinnervation of the striatum, synaptic connections between graft and host are markedly decreased and behavioral recovery is impaired. This leads us to the hypothesis that the variability in therapeutic response to dopamine neuron grafts may be less about the viability of transplanted neurons and more about the integrity of the aged, dopamine‐depleted striatum and its capacity for repair. Replacement of dopamine innervation only can be fully effective if the correct target is present. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Partial trisomy 21 map: Ten cases further supporting the highly restricted Down syndrome critical region (HR‐DSCR) on human chromosome 21
Authors: Pelleri Maria Chiara , Cicchini Elena , Petersen Michael B. , Tranebjærg Lisbeth , Mattina Teresa , Magini Pamela , Antonaros Francesca , Caracausi Maria , Vitale Lorenza , Locatelli Chiara , Seri Marco , Strippoli Pierluigi , Piovesan Allison , Cocchi Guido 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundDown syndrome (DS) is characterized by the presence of an extra full or partial human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). An invaluable model to define genotype‐phenotype correlations in DS is the study of the extremely rare cases of partial (segmental) trisomy 21 (PT21), the duplication of only a delimited region of Hsa21 associated or not to DS. A systematic retrospective reanalysis of 125 PT21 cases described up to 2015 allowed the creation of the most comprehensive PT21 map and the identification of a 34‐kb highly restricted DS critical region (HR‐DSCR) as the minimal region whose duplication is shared by all PT21 subjects diagnosed with DS. We reanalyzed at higher resolution three cases previously published and we accurately searched for any new PT21 reports in order to verify whether HR‐DSCR limits could prospectively be confirmed and possibly refined.MethodsHsa21 partial duplications of three PT21 subjects were refined by adding array‐based comparative genomic hybridization data. Seven newly described PT21 cases fulfilling stringent cytogenetic and clinical criteria have been incorporated into the PT21 integrated map.ResultsThe PT21 map now integrates fine structure of Hsa21 sequence intervals of 132 subjects onto a common framework fully consistent with the presence of a duplicated HR‐DSCR, on distal 21q22.13 sub‐band, only in DS subjects and not in non‐DS individuals. No documented exception to the HR‐DSCR model was found.ConclusionsThe findings presented here further support the association of the HR‐DSCR with the diagnosis of DS, representing an unbiased validation of the original model. Further studies are needed to identify and characterize genetic determinants presumably located in the HR‐DSCR and functionally associated to the critical manifestations of DS.
A low‐profile, dual‐band filtering antenna with high selectivity for 5G sub‐6 GHz applications
Authors: Li Yapeng , Zhao Zhipeng , Tang Zhaoyang , Yin Yingzeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA low‐profile patch antenna with dual‐band filtering response is proposed in this letter. By etching a slot at the edge of a rectangle radiating patch, two modified resonate modes are simultaneously excited. More importantly, a natural radiation null is generated between the two operation bands. Additionally, an inverted L‐shaped feedline combined with a stepped‐impedance resonator is introduced, and two radiation nulls are produced outside the two bands. Finally, a dual‐band bandpass filtering response is obtained. Measured results demonstrate that the two operation bands are 3.32‐3.65 GHz and 4.67‐5.15 GHz, which can cover two main bands of 5G sub‐6 GHz applications. Besides, the antenna achieves stable in‐band gains and radiation patterns, and maintains good out‐of‐band gain suppression performances with three radiation nulls. In addition, a low profile of 0.06 λ (at 3.5 GHz) or 0.08 λ (at 4.9 GHz) is also achieved.
A miniaturized absorbed frequency selective surface based on square resistor ring with low radar cross section
Authors: Wang Yongqing , Li Sucheng , Xiong Wei , Zhai Huiqing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA miniaturized absorbed frequency selective surface based on square resistor ring is proposed in this research. This miniaturized absorbed frequency selective surface composed of a periodically arranged unit structure, and each unit structure is formed by an upper square resistor ring and a lower frequency selection surface. The structure has a good wave transmission performance from 1 GHz to 2 GHz, and the absorption rate is higher than 90% over the whole Ku band. At the same time, the structure can achieve a monostation radar cross‐section reduction of more than 10 dB covering the whole Ku band. Due to the miniaturized design of this structure, it has the property of eliminating the grating lobes in the absorption band when irradiated by oblique incident waves. Based on ensuring good transmission, it can realize broadband and wide‐angle antenna radar cross section reduction.
Real‐time monitoring of Escherichia coli concentration with planar microwave resonator sensor
Authors: Mohammadi Sevda , Narang Rakesh , Mohammadi Ashani Mehdi , Sadabadi Hamid , Sanati‐Nezhad Amir , Zarifi Mohammad H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis work presents a microfluidic chip integrated with a microwave resonator sensor for real‐time and contactless detection of Escherichia coli bacteria concentration. The design is fabricated on a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 high‐frequency substrate and operates at 2.5 ∼ 2.6 GHz, in the ISM band, with an initial quality factor of 112. The presented sensor demonstrates resonant amplitude sensitivity of −0.01231 dB/log(OD600) and resonant frequency sensitivity of −56 kHz/log(OD600) for E. coli concentration in a constant pH of 7.5. To facilitate the analysis of the proposed structure, a lumped equivalent circuit is presented and simulated in ADS and proven accurate by both HFSS microwave simulations and experimental results.
Graphene filled optical fiber Fabry‐Pérot cavity tunable filter
Authors: Li Lijun , Shi Zhihui , Liu Yinming , Liu Qian , Ma Yanhua , Xu Tianzong , Sun Jianhong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBefore saturated absorption, graphene possesses optical nonlinear refractive index, which is a photoinduced refractive index effect. Taking advantage of this effect, a wavelength tunable filter is realized based on a graphene filled all optical fiber Fabry‐Pérot microcavity. Experimental results show that the interference wavelength of the filter exhibits linear red‐shift with the increase of the tunning optical power and tunning efficiency increases with the increase of cavity length and filled graphene thickness. In this study, the maximum wavelength vs power tunning efficiency can get 66 pm/mW. This filter has the advantages of high tunning efficiency, simple structure, antienvironmental interference good mechanical performance, and repeatability.
Modeling of multiple planning target volumes for head and neck treatments in knowledge‐based treatment planning
Authors: Zhang Jiahan , Ge Yaorong , Sheng Yang , Yin Fang‐Fang , Wu Q. Jackie 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop an accurate and reliable dose volume histogram (DVH) prediction method for external beam radiation therapy plans with multiple planning target volumes (PTVs).Materials and methodsWe present a novel DVH prediction workflow, including new features and a modeling methodology, that makes better use of multiple PTVs: (a) We propose a generalized feature to characterize the geometric relationship of organ‐at‐risk (OARs) with respect to two or more PTVs with different prescribed dose levels; (b) We incorporate a novel data augmentation method to improve the data distribution in the feature space; (c) A similarity metric that leverages such information is subsequently used to select a subset of similar cases from the training dataset for model building; (d) Finally, a DVH prediction model is trained with these selected cases. To evaluate this new modeling workflow, we used 120 head and neck (HN) cases to tune the model, and used a separate dataset consisting of 148 cases for validation. The proposed model has been compared with the conventional knowledge‐based model in terms of model prediction accuracy, which was measured by the root mean squared error (RMSE) between the predicted DVHs and the actual clinical plan DVHs. Furthermore, 25 randomly selected plans were replanned guided by the proposed model and evaluated against clinical plans using clinical evaluation criteria.ResultsThe proposed modeling workflow significantly improved DVH prediction accuracy for brainstem (P < 0.001), cord (P < 0.001), larynx (P = 0.004), mandible (P < 0.001), oral cavity (P = 0.011), parotid (P < 0.001) and pharynx (P = 0.001). Cases replanned with the guidance of the proposed model spared OARs significantly better by clinical evaluation criteria. The replanned cases showed a 15% increase in the number of satisfied criteria, compared with clinical plans.ConclusionsThe proposed modeling workflow generates DVH predictions with improved accuracy and robustness when multiple PTVs exist in a plan. It has demonstrated that the improvement in the DVH prediction model translates into better plan quality in knowledge‐based planning.
Improving the accuracy of 1H–19F internuclear distance measurement using 2D 1H–19F HOESY
Authors: Dewis Lydia , Crouch Ron , Russell Dave , Butts Craig 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith the rise in fluorinated pharmaceuticals, it is becoming increasingly important to develop new 19F NMR‐based methods to assist in their analysis. Crucially, obtaining information regarding the conformational dynamics of a molecule in solution can aid the design of strongly binding therapeutics. Herein, we report the development of a 2D 1H–19F Heteronuclear Overhauser Spectroscopy (HOESY) experiment to measure 1H–19F internuclear distances, with accuracies of ~5% when compared with 1H–19F internuclear distances calculated by quantum chemical methods. We demonstrate that correcting for cross‐relaxation of 1H, using the diagonal peaks from the 2D 1H–1H Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy (NOESY), is critical in obtaining accurate values for 1H–19F internuclear distances. Finally, we show that by using the proposed method to measure 1H–19F internuclear distances, we are able to determine the relative stereochemistry of two fluorinated pharmaceuticals.
Probing chemical exchange using quantitative spin‐lock R1ρ asymmetry imaging with adiabatic RF pulses
Authors: Jiang Baiyan , Jin Tao , Blu Thierry , Chen Weitian 
Published: June 2019

PurposeCEST is commonly used to probe the effects of chemical exchange. Although R1ρ asymmetry quantification has also been described as a promising option for detecting the effects of chemical exchanges, the existing acquisition approaches are highly susceptible to B1 RF and B0 field inhomogeneities. To address this problem, we report a new R1ρ asymmetry imaging approach, AC‐iTIP, which is based on the previously reported techniques of irradiation with toggling inversion preparation (iTIP) and adiabatic continuous wave constant amplitude spin‐lock RF pulses (ACCSL). We also derived the optimal spin‐lock RF pulse B1 amplitude that yielded the greatest R1ρ asymmetry.MethodsBloch‐McConnell simulations were used to verify the analytical formula derived for the optimal spin‐lock RF pulse B1 amplitude. The performance of the AC‐iTIP approach was compared to that of the iTIP approach based on hard RF pulses and the R1ρ‐spectrum acquired using adiabatic RF pulses with the conventional fitting method. Comparisons were performed using Bloch‐McConnell simulations, phantom, and in vivo experiments at 3.0T.ResultsThe analytical prediction of the optimal B1 was validated. Compared to the other 2 approaches, the AC‐iTIP approach was more robust under the influences of B1 RF and B0 field inhomogeneities. A linear relationship was observed between the measured R1ρ asymmetry and the metabolite concentration.ConclusionThe AC‐iTIP approach could probe the chemical exchange effect more robustly than the existing R1ρ asymmetry acquisition approaches. Therefore, AC‐iTIP is a promising technique for metabolite imaging based on the chemical exchange effect.
Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Compared With Computed Tomography for Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Primary Colorectal Malignancy: A Predictor of Short‐Term Outcome After Surgery
Authors: Kim Eun Young , Kim Seong Ryong , Won Daeyoun David , Choi Moon Hyung , Lee In Kyu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundHerein, we evaluate the accuracy and reliability of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to assess skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in the colorectal cancer patient compared with computed tomography (CT) scan and also analyze the association between SMM of BIA and postoperative outcomes.MethodsFrom March to May 2017, the body composition of patients scheduled for elective surgery due to primary colorectal cancer in our institution was analyzed at the time of admission using BIA (InBody S20, Biospace Co Ltd, Seoul, South Korea). The relationship between the single cross‐sectional area of skeletal muscle at the lumbar region using preoperative CT scan and the SMM determined via BIA were assessed. Postoperative outcomes were compared according to different status of SMM on BIA categorized into 3 groups (low, medium, or high).ResultsFifty patients were analyzed, and the length of hospital stay was shorter and the initiation of oral diet was significantly earlier in the group with high SMM than in other groups (P = 0.001 and 0.038, respectively). The SMM on BIA showed a very significant correlation with skeletal muscle index using CT scan (0.705 of correlation coefficients, P < 0.001) and also strongly correlated with skeletal muscle index after adjusting for age, weight, and BMI on multivariate analysis (β = 0.391 ± 0.057, P < 0.001).ConclusionSMM determined by BIA is strongly correlated with SMM estimated by CT scan. Authors suppose that BIA could be an alternative to CT scan for the assessment of SMM in colorectal cancer patients.
Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: A report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Zhang Qingyou , Liao Ying , Du Junbao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImportanceKawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS) is a rare Kawasaki disease (KD) manifestation. The pediatricians are not aware of the full range of clinical characteristics of KDSS.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of KDSS in two patients and we included a literature review.MethodsWe collected and analyzed the clinical data for two patients with KDSS. Additionally, using “Kawasaki diseases shock syndrome” as a key phrase, we searched PubMed, Biotechnology Information and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform databases for any similar reports between January 2009 and March 2017.ResultsBoth of our patients diagnosed with KD developed sustained hypotension during the course of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, as well as hypoalbuminemia, and increased C‐reactive protein and brain natriuretic peptide levels during hypotension. Both patients responded well to fluid resuscitation and inotropic support. No aneurysms formed in either patient during follow‐up. We reviewed two related studies in Chinese and 11 studies in English.InterpretationKD may present with severe shock, and requires proper diagnosis and rapid treatment. The prognosis for most patients with KDSS is excellent.
Comparison of healthcare professionals’ motivations for using different online learning materials
Authors: Daniel Dennis , Wolbrink Traci 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImportanceOnline learning is increasingly prevalent throughout all stages of medical education. There is little published literature exploring what motivates healthcare professionals to engage with different types of e‐learning content. Learner motivations must be understood in order to design effective educational solutions and to optimize the overall online learning experience.ObjectiveExamine engagement, satisfaction, and motivations of healthcare professionals using OPENPediatrics, an open‐access medical e‐learning platform.MethodsRetrospective analysis of online survey data. Users were asked to report engagement and satisfaction with the platform, as well as to select motivations for using different types of content on the site: Courses, Simulators, and World Shared Practice Forum videos.ResultsMajority of respondents were physicians and nurses in North America and Europe. Overall satisfaction with the platform was high. Most frequently cited motivations for using Courses and Simulators were: learn basic and in‐depth information around topics, and learn how to deliver safer or more effective patient care. For World Shared Practice Forum videos, most commonly cited motivations were: learn in‐depth information about a topic, learn the latest advances or developments in an area, and learn how to deliver safer or more effective patient care.InterpretationWe appreciated both commonalities and differences in learning motivations among clinicians accessing different kinds of medical e‐learning content. Respondents were consistently motivated to learn in order to deliver safer or more effective patient care, but they reported using different types of educational content depending on whether they were learning basic information versus updating or changing their knowledge.