bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Identity Management Value Model: A Design Science Approach to Assess Value Gaps on Social Media
Authors: Syed Romilla , Dhillon Gurpreet , Merrick Jason 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThreats to the individual identity on social media are real and problematic. Yet, there is a paucity of research on online identity management. We posit that identity management on social media requires a value perspective to determine gaps between what social media users want from online identity management and what social media sites offer through their current security and privacy controls. Following the design science research paradigm, we present an Identity Management Value Model (IMVM). Based on multiple‐objectives decision analysis technique, the value model explicates a hierarchy of fundamental identity management objectives and quantifies the achievement of objectives on a social media site. The emergent value scores and value gaps provide an understanding of how well a social media site manages users online identity. We demonstrate the application of the value model for Facebook and assess a set of measures to reduce the value gaps on Facebook. We conducted sensitivity analysis followed by deterministic analysis to evaluate the value model. The evaluation results indicate that the modeling outcome is robust to a range of individual values and preferences. By focusing on individual values, this study extends the research on values in the context of identity management on social media. Social media companies might find the model useful for instituting identity management measures. Individual users could use the model for strategizing about personal identity management. Our study also demonstrates the usefulness of a retrospective design approach, accounting for user values in a principled and comprehensive manner.
Geography Still Matters: Examine the Role of Location in Online Markets for Foreign Branded Products
Authors: Zhao Xia , Zhao Kexin , Deng Jing 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTInternet technologies and e‐commerce have significantly reduced communication and search costs and facilitated trade between distant parties. It has been advocated that the world becomes flat and geographic divisions are gradually irrelevant. However, recent studies have identified a type of location advantage in online platforms, that is, home bias. To further explore the role of geography in online markets, this study investigates another type of location advantage, the country of origin (COO) effect for online sellers. Using a large listing and transaction data set collected from both an e‐commerce retail platform in China and the official Web sites of two foreign brands, we examine the impact of geographic location on online sellers’ pricing strategies and transaction quantities. Our research provides empirical evidence supporting the existence of the COO effect for online sellers in the context of foreign branded product exchanges. Furthermore, the results suggest that sellers’ location information can be a substitute to their reputation and observable effort in facilitating online transactions.
Alirocumab safety in people with and without diabetes mellitus: pooled data from 14 ODYSSEY trials
Authors: Leiter L. A. , Tinahones F. J. , Karalis D. G. , Bujas‐Bobanovic M. , Letierce A. , Mandel J. , Samuel R. , Jones P. H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate the safety of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor alirocumab according to diabetes mellitus status.MethodsSafety data from 14 trials (8–104‐week durations) were analysed by treatment (alirocumab or placebo/ezetimibe control) and diabetes status (yes/no, defined by medical history). Adverse event data were assessed using descriptive statistics and Cox models.ResultsOf the 5234 trial participants, 1554 (29.7%) had diabetes. Overall, treatment‐emergent adverse events were similar in the alirocumab and control groups, except for more frequent local injection site reactions with alirocumab. Fewer people with diabetes experienced local injection site reactions [alirocumab, 3.5%, control, 2.9%; hazard ratio 1.24 (95% CI 0.68–2.25)] than those without diabetes [alirocumab, 7.5%; control, 4.9%; hazard ratio 1.51 (95% CI 1.13–2.01)]. Those with diabetes reported a greater number of serious adverse events (alirocumab, 19.4%; control, 19.7%) than those without diabetes (alirocumab, 14.5%; control, 13.5%). In people with diabetes, major adverse cardiac events occurred in 2.7% of alirocumab‐treated people [control, 3.3%; hazard ratio 0.74 (95% CI 0.41–1.35)]; in those without diabetes, 1.8% of alirocumab‐treated people had major adverse cardiac events [control, 1.7%; hazard ratio 0.95 (95% CI 0.56–1.62)]. Overall, no increase in HbA1c or fasting plasma glucose vs control treatment groups was observed, regardless of diabetes status.ConclusionThis pooled analysis across 14 trials demonstrated similar safety for alirocumab vs control treatment, irrespective of diabetes status, except for more frequent local injection site reactions with alirocumab. People with diabetes reported fewer local injection site reactions than those without diabetes.
Plasma and synovial fluid concentrations and cartilage toxicity of bupivacaine following intra‐articular administration of a liposomal formulation to horses
Authors: Knych H. K. , Mama K. R. , Moore C. E. , Hill A. E. , McKEMIE D. S. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe use of intra‐articular (IA) local anaesthetics has proven to be an effective means to treat post‐operative pain. The effects of local anaesthetics on equine chondrocytes are mixed with some studies reporting chondrodestruction and others no adverse effects. A liposomal formulation of bupivacaine is used in people and dogs by intra‐ and peri‐articular administration to provide up to 72 h of analgesia. The potential uses, side effects including chondrotoxicity, and likelihood of abuse (long‐term analgesic effects) has not been evaluated in horses.ObjectivesDescribe bupivacaine concentrations following IA administration and assess biomarkers as indicators of the effects of liposomal bupivacaine on chondrocytes in vivo.Study designParallel design.MethodsSixteen exercised horses received a single IA administration of 0.12 mg/kg liposomal bupivacaine or 0.9% saline. Blood and urine samples were collected for 96 h post‐drug administration. Six horses treated with bupivacaine and those receiving saline, underwent daily arthrocentesis. Six additional bupivacaine treated horses underwent arthrocentesis at 96 h. Drug concentrations were measured using LC‐MS/MS and pharmacokinetic analyses performed. Immunoassays were used to measure markers of collagen degradation (C2C, C12C) and cartilage matrix synthesis (CPII, CS846) in synovial fluid.ResultsThe bupivacaine plasma elimination half‐life was 17.8 ± 5.42 and 11.9 ± 5.17 h for horses from which synovial fluid was collected daily and at 96 h respectively. Bupivacaine concentrations in the joint were still detectable at 96 h. Significant increases in C12C and C2C were noted at 96 h in horses undergoing arthrocentesis at 96 h only. CPII was increased at 48 h and CS846 at 24 and 48 h in horses sampled daily.Main limitationsLimited number of animals and absence of liposome control group.ConclusionsSustained concentrations of IA bupivacaine suggest viability of this medication as an intra‐articular analgesic. Effects on equine chondrocytes need further study.
Feeding in fear: Indirect effects of predatory fish on macrophyte communities mediated by altered crayfish foraging behaviour
Authors: Wood Tyler C. , Kelley Rosemary E. , Moore Paul A. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

The threat of predation influences decisions made by prey animals and alters the way that prey interact with other species in their environment. Animals often alter their foraging behaviour in response to a predatory threat by increasing or decreasing food consumption or by changing their feeding preferences to focus on foods that limit their exposure to the threat. Changes in grazing pressure and diet selectivity can have significant impacts on the abundance and diversity of the prey's food resources. In this study, we examined the indirect effects of a predatory fish on macrophyte biomass, mediated by crayfish responses to predator odours.

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides, Centrarchidae) were housed in flow‐through stream mesocosms to produce odour cues that initiated a nonconsumptive effect on rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus, Cambaridae) held in an adjacent section of the stream. Crayfish were offered three species of macrophytes (Myriophyllum exalbescens, Haloragaceae; Elodea canadensis, Hydrocharitaceae; Chara spp., Characeae) and were allowed to graze for 48 hr. Consumption of each plant species was measured by weighing the plant samples before and after every trial. The plant samples were further analysed for total phenolic content using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Foraging and shelter use behaviours were quantified by analysis of video recordings for time spent foraging in the mesocosm and time spent in the shelter zone of the mesocosm.

Crayfish consumed greater quantities of macrophyte tissue when predator cues were present, and this result was unexpected and is contrary to most observations in the literature.

When threatened, the crayfish also showed a preference for two of the macrophyte species, which did not exist in trials without bass odour. This could be due to differences in total phenolic content among the three plant species tested.

The results provide evidence for a strong indirect effect of predatory fish on the macrophyte community mediated by changes in crayfish behaviour under threat. Crayfish act as keystone species in stream ecosystems; thus, changes in their foraging behaviour and dietary preferences caused by exposure to predator odour cues could have important effects on macrophyte communities in lotic systems.
Identification of liver fibrosis using the hepatic vein waveform in patients with Fontan circulation
Authors: Nakatsuka Takuma , Soroida Yoko , Nakagawa Hayato , Shindo Takahiro , Sato Masaya , Soma Katsura , Nakagomi Ryo , Kobayashi Tamaki , Endo Momoe , Hikita Hiromi , Sato Mamiko , Gotoh Hiroaki , Iwai Tomomi , Yasui Mariko , Shinozaki‐Ushiku Aya , Shiraga Kazuhiro , Asakai Hiroko , Hirata Yoichiro , Fukayama Masashi , Ikeda Hitoshi , Yatomi Yutaka , Tateishi Ryosuke , Inuzuka Ryo , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2018

AimLiver fibrosis caused by congestive hepatopathy has emerged as an important complication after Fontan procedure. We evaluated the utility of the hepatic vein (HV) waveform using Doppler ultrasound for identification of liver fibrosis in Fontan patients.MethodsWe investigated the HV waveforms in 41 Fontan patients and assessed correlations with clinical parameters, liver fibrosis markers, and hemodynamic data.ResultsBased on our preliminary analysis of 64 adult patients with chronic liver disease who underwent liver biopsy, we classified HV waveforms into five types with reference to the degree of flattening (from type 1, normal triphasic waveform; to type 5, a monophasic waveform indicating cirrhosis), and confirmed a significant correlation between waveform pattern and fibrosis stage. Notably, we detected HV waveforms in all of the Fontan patients and classified them into five types. The HV waveform pattern positively correlated with γ‐glutamyl transferase and hyaluronic acid levels, and negatively correlated with albumin level and platelet count, but did not correlate with central venous pressure or brain natriuretic peptide level, suggesting that HV waveform could reflect pathophysiological changes in the liver without being affected by hepatic congestion. The highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the HV waveform for detecting advanced liver fibrosis, as defined by ultrasonic findings and clinical features, was 0.829 (81.8% sensitivity, 73.3% specificity), which was higher than that of other non‐invasive fibrosis markers.ConclusionsHepatic vein waveforms change in accordance with liver fibrosis progression in Fontan patients, and can be a useful indicator of liver fibrosis after the Fontan procedure.
The clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic characteristics of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in Northern Peninsular Malaysia: a multicenter study
Authors: Loo Chai Har , Tan Wooi Chiang , Tang Jyh Jong , Khor Yek Huan , Manikam Manimala T. , Low Dyoi‐E , Chan Kam Hong , Chan Kok Hoe , Teoh Yuen Mey , Sohot Nurul Q. A. , Tang Min Moon , Chan Lee Chin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disorder of follicular occlusion, resulting in abscesses with tunnel formation and severe scarring. Our objectives were to identify the clinical patterns and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among our HS patients and to determine the role of ultrasonography in the clinical assessment of HS.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study carried out from September 2016 to August 2017 at three tertiary hospitals in Northern Peninsular Malaysia.ResultsA total of 62 patients were recruited, 83.9% of whom were male. The mean age was 29.2 with the median age of onset at 18 years old. The median duration of delay in diagnosis was 3 years. A quarter of them had positive family history. Nearly three‐quarters were overweight and obese. About 12/62 (19.4%) had MetS, and it was comparable to healthy controls (15/62, 24.2%). HS patients had a significant higher risk of low–high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and obesity. Based on Hurley staging, 15/62 (24.2%) were in stage I, 38/62 (61.3%) and 9/62 (14.5%) in stages II and III, respectively. However, sonographic scoring showed 50% had severe stage of disease, and 56.9% of the patients had subclinical lesions. There was only a fair agreement between ultrasonography and Hurley staging of disease severity (k = 0.25; P = 0.004).ConclusionThere was a male preponderance among HS patients in Northern Peninsular Malaysia with early age of onset and more severe disease. Only one‐fifth had MetS, but they had significantly higher risks of obesity and low HDL. Ultrasonography examination was useful to detect subclinical lesions and providing a better understanding on disease severity.
Clinical utility of (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 scans to differentiate Parkinsonian syndromes: case studies and commentary
Authors: Wong Daniel , Veitch Peter , Schembri Geoff 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes is challenging, especially in the elderly as they often have complex presentations. Nuclear imaging modalities can increase diagnostic accuracy. Single‐photon emission tomography (SPECT) using the ligand (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 is used overseas but is yet to be approved in Australia. Three pilot cases of clinically unclear Parkinsonian syndromes from the Royal North Shore Hospital Aged Care Department who underwent (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 scans are described. From experience overseas, the (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 scan has clinical utility in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes. (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 has a lower cost and greater availability than other ligands. Our initial scan findings are largely consistent with the clinical picture, but low specific binding can affect scan interpretation. (99mTc)‐TRODAT‐1 is a potential tool in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes. Further experience regarding its effect on patient outcomes and cost effectiveness is required before routine clinical use can be recommended.
Maternal education influences Australian infants’ language experience from six months
Authors: Dwyer Anne , Jones Caroline , Davis Chris , Kitamura Christine , Ching Teresa Y. C. 
Published: September 2018

Disparities in children's early language skills associated with socioeconomic factors have led to many studies examining children's early language environments, but few as yet in the first year of life. This longitudinal study assessed the home language environments of 50 Australian infants, who varied in maternal education (university education, or not). Full‐day audio recordings were collected and analyzed using the LENA system when infants were aged 6–9 months and 12–15 months. Using the device‐specific analysis software, we assessed 12‐h projected counts of (1) adult speech input, (2) conversational interactions, and (3) child vocalizations. At both ages, higher maternal education was associated with higher counts of adult words and conversational turns, but not child vocalizations. The study adds to the literature by demonstrating disparities in the infants’ language experience within the first year of life, related to mothers’ education, with implications for early intervention and parenting supports.
The role of scaffolding in improving information seeking in videos
Authors: Cojean Salomé , Jamet Eric 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInformation seeking (IS) has become a critical activity in video‐based environments. Up to now, the effects of support on information seeking (i.e., scaffolding) have seldom been assessed. The twofold aim of the current study was to (a) assess the effects of scaffolding on IS in videos and (b) determine the characteristics of the users' mental models after an IS activity with or without scaffolding. We divided 50 participants into two groups that either did or did not benefit from initial scaffolding during an IS task. Both groups then had to perform a localization task without any further access to scaffolding. Results showed that scaffolding the video by providing a table of contents and markers on a timeline helped students to engage in highly efficient IS, but they had less accurate mental representations of the video than those without scaffolding. The hypothesis that scaffolding provides a usable but external model was therefore supported.
Views of key stakeholders on the causes of patient falls and prevention interventions: A qualitative study using the international classification of functioning, disability and health
Authors: Baris Veysel Karani , Seren Intepeler Seyda 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the views and suggestions of healthcare professionals, patients and family members on the causes of inpatient falls and fall‐prevention practices.BackgroundPatient falls are one of the most prevalent medical errors in the hospitals. In order to prevent patient falls, it is necessary to identify and classify the situations causing falls in detail and preventive interventions for these situations need to be developed.DesignThe study was designed using a descriptive qualitative research method.MethodThe semi‐structured interviews were conducted with four physicians, four charge nurses, 12 nurses, four support staff members, eight patients and eight family members of patients in the palliative, internal disease, surgery and orthopaedic clinics in a training and research hospital between March 2017–May 2017. Thematic analysis method was used to analyse data. The defined themes were classified based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for Falls in Acute Rehabilitation Settings.ResultsIn this research, 71 themes related to situations causing falls and 30 themes related to prevention interventions were determined. Defined themes were linked with 44 categories under five International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains and organised accordingly. Among the categories included in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for Falls in Acute Rehabilitation Settings, 65% were verified, while 22 new categories that were not included in the original core set were defined.ConclusionIn accordance with this result, evaluating the opinions of all stakeholders on the research and development of fall‐prevention programmes will increase the effectiveness of fall prevention in hospitals. The ICF model can be used to classify the causes of falls and fall‐prevention interventions to create a common language about this topic.Relevance to clinical practiceTo prevent falls, more detailed and useful information can be obtained by key stakeholders (all healthcare professionals, patient and patient family). ICF Core Set For Falls can be used to systematically classify causes of falls and fall‐prevention interventions.
Comparative pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in healthy andPasteurella multocidainfected ducks
Authors: Xiao Xia , Lan Weixuan , Wang Ying , Jiang Lijie , Jiang Yongjia , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPasteurella multocida(P. multocida) infection causes substantial economic loss in the duck industry. Danofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone solely used in animals, shows good antibacterial activity againstP. multocida. In this study, the in vitro pharmacodynamics of danofloxacin againstP. multocidawas studied. The serum and lung tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin were studied in healthy andP. multocidainfected ducks following oral administration of a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). TheMIC,MBCandMPCof danofloxacin againstP. multocida(C48‐1) were 0.25, 1 and 3.2 μg/ml, respectively. TheCmax was 0.34 μg/ml, attained at 2.03 hr in healthy ducks, and was 0.35 μg/ml, attained at 2.87 hr in diseased ducks. Compared to the serum pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in healthy ducks, the absorption rate and extent were similar in healthy and diseased animals. In contrast, the elimination rate was slower, with an elimination half‐life (T1/2β) of 13.17 and 16.18 hr for healthy and infected animals, respectively; theAUCs in the two groups were 5.70 and 7.68 μg hr/ml, respectively, which means the total amount of drug in the circulation was increased in the infected ducks. The maximum concentration in lung tissues between healthy and infected animals was not significantly different (8.96 vs. 8.93 μg/g). However, theTmaxin healthy ducks was longer than that in infected ducks (4 hr vs. 1.75 hr), which means that the distribution rate of danofloxacin was slower in healthy ducks. The concentration of danofloxacin in lung tissues was approximately 24‐fold higher than that in the serum. In the serum pharmacokinetic profiles, theƒAUC0‐24 hr/MICwas 18.19 in healthy ducks and was 25.04 inP. multocidainfected ducks at the clinical recommended dose, which is far from thePK/PDtarget (125 hr) of fluoroquinolones. Danofloxacin, at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w., seems to be insufficient for ducks infected withP. multocida, with anMICequal to 0.25 μg/ml.