bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Marxian Times! Reflections on the 4th ICTs and Society Conference “Critique, Democracy and Philosophy in 21st Century Information Society. Towards Critical Theories of Social Media”.
Authors: Fuchs Christian 
Published: April 2018

This paper presents reflections on the conference “Critique, Democracy and Philosophy in 21st Century Information Society. Towards Critical Theories of the Information Society” that took place at Uppsala University from May 2nd-4th, 2012. About 160 participants attended the conference. It featured 15 plenary talks in seven sessions, 15 paper presentation sessions organised in 5 slots that each had 3 parallel sessions. The conference was financially supported by the Swedish Research Council and organised by Uppsala University’s Department of Informatics and Media, the ICTs and Society Network (http://www.icts-and-society.net), the European Sociological Association’s Research Network 18: Sociology of Communications and Media Research (http://www.europeansociology.org/research-networks/rn18-sociology-of-communications-and-media-research.html), tripleC – Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society (http://www.triple-c.at), the Unified Theory of Information Research Group (UTI), Aarhus University’s Department of Information and Media Studies, the Vienna University of Technology’s Institute for Design & Assessment of Technology, and Jönköping University’s School of Education and Communication.
In Pursuit of an Alternative Academy: The Case of Kocaeli Academy for Solidarity (Non-Peer-Reviewed Reflection Article)
Authors: Bakırezer Güven , Keskin Demirer Derya , Yeşilyurt Adem 
Published: April 2018

After declaring a state of emergency on 20 July, 2016 as a response to the failed coup attempt of 15 July, 2016, the Turkish government launched a nation-wide academic purge, especially targeting the Academics for Peace. This group of academics signed a peace petition in January 2016 to address civilian deaths in the South-Eastern part of the country and to urge the government to take responsibility and restart the peace process. Having the largest number of peace petitioners among Turkey’s provincial universities, Kocaeli University was the first to dismiss all 19 of the peace academics from their positions on 1 September, 2016. Already active in defending the universal values of academia in other venues, these dismissed peace academics founded the Kocaeli Academy of Solidarity in pursuit of an alternative academy that aims to bring together university students, NGO members and ordinary citizens in the city in a cooperative understanding of education and research. After weekly seminars over eight months, a summer school of five days, and with applications in for funding its projects, particularly amongst others the School of Life, Kocaeli Academy for Solidarity has a strong determination to demonstrate a new democratic model of education and research.
Development of a Segmented Temperature Control for Targeted Solidification in Injection Molding
Authors: Hopmann Ch. , Schmitz M. , Dornebusch H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
One of the largest challenges in production using melt-based processes is the manufacturing of precise parts. Especially due to high differences in temperature of the produced parts while processing, shrinkage cannot be avoided, since the processing material is typically heated up, molded and cooled down. In injection molding, the molten plastic is loaded by high variations in temperature and pressure while being processed. The gradients can lead to a significant change of the local specific volume, shrinkage potential and inner stresses, which can result in part warpage. In order to increase the precision of the manufactured parts, the shrinkage potential has to be homogenised to achieve an even shrinkage and therefore minimise part warpage. In this work, the approach for homogenisation of the shrinkage potential is a homogenisation of the specific volume and density respectively. Pursuing the goal of a homogeneous distribution of the specific volume leads to manipulation of the influencing factors namely temperature and pressure. The impact of temperature and pressure changes on the specific volume can further be quantitatively described by the material specific pvT-data. Based on geometric restrictions, a manipulation of the local pressure inside the cavity in most cases is impossible. However, on the other hand, a local control of the temperature is possible using highly dynamic tempering techniques. Based on this line of arguments, the paper describes the development of a highly segmented dynamic temperature control in injection molding to locally influence the mold and part temperature. Thereby, the specific volume of the part will be locally adjusted to reduce warpage as well as to compensate process variations occurring by changing material properties or varying ambient conditions. Due to the nature of thermal processes a special control strategy has to be developed to enable accurate temperature control, which is able to compensate slow thermal reaction in a highly dynamic process.
Rheology and Foaming of Long-Chain Branched Ethylene-Tetrafluoroethylene Copolymer and Its Blends
Authors: Nishi E. , Satou T. , Sukumaran S. K. , Katou T. , Sugimoto M. , Koyama K. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The long-chain branched ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (B-ETFE) was synthesized by radical polymerization using ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, termonomer, and a very small amount of divinyl monomer. We studied melt rheology under shear and elongational flow, and foamability for B-ETFE, comparing with conventional linear ETFE. Addition of a small amount of the divinyl monomer had a considerable impact on the melt rheology of ETFE and its blends. The observed non-linear elongational behavior and emergence of long relaxation time components can be explained by long-chain branching in the modified ETFE. B-ETFE and its blends showed excellent foaming processability: uniform and smaller cell sizes and much higher cell number densities than those of linear ETFE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the enhancement of the melt rheology of ETFE from the viewpoint of modification of its molecular architecture.
Lasers and fiber optics for astrophysics
Authors: Kryukov P G 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Optical spectroscopy has been and remains an important feature of astrophysical research. Huge telescopes are being built to collect radiation from the most distant stars in the Universe for subsequent study with unique astronomical spectrographs. The fundamental problem to be faced here is that of transferring the extremely weak radiation focused by a moving telescope to the entrance of a stationary spectrograph. The solution is to connect a telescope to a spectrograph through an optical fiber, and research and development of the system’s necessary components is currently a major task in the field of fiber optics. A key problem in astronomical spectroscopy is the precision measurement of Doppler line shifts in the spectra of stars to determine the velocity of a star movement along the observation line (ray velocity, RV). A remarkable feature of Doppler spectroscopy is that a precision measurement of quite small RV variations (in fact, accelerations) can last for long periods of time. Such star RV variations can be due, for example, to a planet orbiting the star; the action of the planet causes periodical changes in the motion of the star, thus leading to a Doppler shift of the star’s spectrum. The precise measurement of this shift has provided an indirect method for searching for and discovering planets outside the Solar System (exoplanets). The important particular problem of searching for habitable earthlike exoplanets requires a spectral measurement accuracy sufficient to detect RV variations at the level of a few centimeters per second per year. Ten to fifteen years of such measurements would provide a direct estimate of the hypothetical accelerated expansion of the Universe. However, the accuracy required for this is more than conventional spectroscopy techniques (iodine cell and spectral lamps) are capable of. This paper reviews approaches to radically improving Doppler spectroscopy techniques to achieve the required shift measurement accuracy. These approaches include the development of fiber-optic systems for connecting the telescope with the astronomical spectrograph and the development of precision calibrators of astronomical spectrographs based on the advances in laser physics and fiber optics.
OGLE-2017-BLG-1522: A Giant Planet around a Brown Dwarf Located in the Galactic Bulge
Authors: Jung Y. K. , Udalski A. , Gould A. , Ryu Y.-H. , Yee J. C. ,   and, Han C. , Albrow M. D. , Lee C.-U. , Kim S.-L. , Hwang K.-H. , Chung S.-J. , Shin I.-G. , Zhu W. , Cha S.-M. , Kim D.-J. , Lee Y. , Park B.-G. , Lee D.-J. , Kim H.-W. , Pogge R. W. ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Szymański M. K. , Mróz P. , Poleski R. , Skowron J. , Pietrukowicz P. , Soszyński I. , Kozłowski S. , Ulaczyk K. , Pawlak M. , Rybicki K. ,   (The OGLE Collaboration)
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery of a giant planet in the OGLE-2017-BLG-1522 microlensing event. The planetary perturbations were clearly identified by high-cadence survey experiments despite the relatively short event timescale of t
E ∼ 7.5 days. The Einstein radius is unusually small, θ
E = 0.065 mas, implying that the lens system either has very low mass or lies much closer to the microlensed source than the Sun, or both. A Bayesian analysis yields component masses

and source-lens distance

, implying that this is a brown-dwarf/Jupiter system that probably lies in the Galactic bulge, a location that is also consistent with the relatively low lens-source relative proper motion μ = 3.2 ± 0.5 mas yr−1. The projected companion-host separation is

, indicating that the planet is placed beyond the snow line of the host, i.e., a

sl
∼ 0.12 au. Planet formation scenarios combined with the small companion-host mass ratio q ∼ 0.016 and separation suggest that the companion could be the first discovery of a giant planet that formed in a protoplanetary disk around a brown-dwarf host.
VLBA Observations of Strong Anisotripic Radio Scattering Toward the Orion Nebula
Authors: Kounkel Marina , Hartmann Lee , Loinard Laurent , Mioduszewski Amy J. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Johnson Michael D. , Torres Rosa M. , Briceño Cesar 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present observations of VLBA 20, a radio source found toward the edge of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC). Nonthermal emission dominates the spectral energy distribution of this object from the radio to mid-infrared regime, suggesting that VLBA 20 is extragalactic. This source is heavily scattered in the radio regime. Very Long Baseline Array observations resolve it to ∼34 × 19 mas at 5 GHz, and the wavelength dependence of the scattering disk is consistent with ν
−2 at other frequencies. The origin of the scattering is most likely the ionized X-ray emitting gas from the winds of the most massive stars of the ONC. The scattering is highly anisotropic, with the axis ratio of 2:1, higher than what is typically observed toward other sources.
The Feasibility and Benefits of In Situ Exploration of ‘Oumuamua-like Objects
Authors: Seligman Darryl , Laughlin Gregory 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A rapid accumulation of observations and interpretation has followed in the wake of 1I ‘Oumuamua’s passage through the inner solar system. We briefly outline the consequences that this first detection of an interstellar asteroid implies for the planet-forming process, and we assess the near-term prospects for detecting and observing (both remotely and in situ) future solar system visitors of this type. Drawing on detailed heat-transfer calculations that take both ‘Oumuamua’s unusual shape and its chaotic tumbling into account, we affirm that the lack of a detectable coma in deep images of the object very likely arises from the presence of a radiation-modified coating of high molecular weight material (rather than a refractory bulk composition). Assuming that ‘Oumuamua is a typical representative of a larger population with a kinematic distribution similar to Population I stars in the local galactic neighborhood, we calculate expected arrival rates, impact parameters, and velocities of similar objects and assess their prospects for detection using operational and forthcoming facilities. Using ‘Oumuamua as a proof of concept, we assess the prospects for missions that intercept interstellar objects using conventional chemical propulsion. Using a “launch on detection” paradigm, we estimate wait times of order of 10 years between favorable mission opportunities with the detection capabilities of the Large-scale Synoptic Survey Telescope, a figure that will be refined as the population of interstellar asteroids becomes observationally better constrained.
The Stellar Populations of Two Ultra-diffuse Galaxies from Optical and Near-infrared Photometry
Authors: Pandya Viraj , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Laine Seppo , Brodie Jean P. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Glaccum William , Villaume Alexa , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Gwyn Stephen , Krick Jessica , Lasker Ronald , Martín-Navarro Ignacio , Martinez-Delgado David , van Dokkum Pieter 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present observational constraints on the stellar populations of two ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) using optical through near-infrared (NIR) spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting. Our analysis is enabled by new Spitzer-IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 μm imaging, archival optical imaging, and the prospector fully Bayesian SED fitting framework. Our sample contains one field UDG (DGSAT I), one Virgo cluster UDG (VCC 1287), and one Virgo cluster dwarf elliptical for comparison (VCC 1122). We find that the optical–NIR colors of the three galaxies are significantly different from each other. We infer that VCC 1287 has an old (≳7.7 Gyr) and surprisingly metal-poor ([Z/Z
⊙] ≲ −1.0) stellar population, even after marginalizing over uncertainties on diffuse interstellar dust. In contrast, the field UDG DGSAT I shows evidence of being younger than the Virgo UDG, with an extended star formation history and an age posterior extending down to ∼3 Gyr. The stellar metallicity of DGSAT I is sub-solar but higher than that of the Virgo UDG, with

in the case of exactly zero diffuse interstellar dust, DGSAT I may even have solar metallicity. With VCC 1287 and several Coma UDGs, a general picture is emerging where cluster UDGs may be “failed” galaxies, but the field UDG DGSAT I seems more consistent with a stellar feedback-induced expansion scenario. In the future, our approach can be applied to a large and diverse sample of UDGs down to faint surface brightness limits, with the goal of constraining their stellar ages, stellar metallicities, and circumstellar and diffuse interstellar dust content.
Examining the High-energy Radiation Mechanisms of Knots and Hotspots in Active Galactic Nucleus Jets
Authors: Zhang Jin , Du Shen-shi , Guo Sheng-Chu , Zhang Hai-Ming , Chen Liang , Liang En-Wei , Zhang Shuang-Nan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We compile the radio–optical–X-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 65 knots and 29 hotspots in 41 active galactic nucleus jets to examine their high-energy radiation mechanisms. Their SEDs can be fitted with the single-zone leptonic models, except for the hotspot of Pictor A and six knots of 3C 273. The X-ray emission of 1 hotspot and 22 knots is well explained as synchrotron radiation under the equipartition condition; they usually have lower X-ray and radio luminosities than the others, which may be due to a lower beaming factor. An inverse Compton (IC) process is involved for explaining the X-ray emission of the other SEDs. Without considering the equipartition condition, their X-ray emission can be attributed to the synchrotron-self-Compton process, but the derived jet powers (P
jet) are not correlated with L
k and most of them are larger than L
k, with more than three orders of magnitude, where L
k is the jet kinetic power estimated with their radio emission. Under the equipartition condition, the X-ray emission is well interpreted with the IC process for the cosmic microwave background photons (IC/CMB). In this scenario, the derived P
jet of knots and hotspots are correlated with and comparable to L
k. These results suggest that the IC/CMB model may be a promising interpretation of the X-ray emission. In addition, a tentative knot–hotspot sequence in the synchrotron peak-energy–peak-luminosity plane is observed, similar to the blazar sequence, which may be attributed to the different cooling mechanisms of electrons.
High-resolution Hydrodynamic Simulation of Tidal Detonation of a Helium White Dwarf by an Intermediate Mass Black Hole
Authors: Tanikawa Ataru 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We demonstrate tidal detonation during a tidal disruption event (TDE) of a helium (He) white dwarf (WD) with 0.45 M
⊙ by an intermediate mass black hole using extremely high-resolution simulations. Tanikawa et al. have shown tidal detonation in results of previous studies from unphysical heating due to low-resolution simulations, and such unphysical heating occurs in three-dimensional (3D) smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations even with 10 million SPH particles. In order to avoid such unphysical heating, we perform 3D SPH simulations up to 300 million SPH particles, and 1D mesh simulations using flow structure in the 3D SPH simulations for 1D initial conditions. The 1D mesh simulations have higher resolutions than the 3D SPH simulations. We show that tidal detonation occurs and confirm that this result is perfectly converged with different space resolution in both 3D SPH and 1D mesh simulations. We find that detonation waves independently arise in leading parts of the WD, and yield large amounts of 56Ni. Although detonation waves are not generated in trailing parts of the WD, the trailing parts would receive detonation waves generated in the leading parts and would leave large amounts of Si group elements. Eventually, this He WD TDE would synthesize 56Ni of 0.30 M
⊙ and Si group elements of 0.08 M
⊙, and could be observed as a luminous thermonuclear transient comparable to SNe Ia.
Electron Spectral Breaking Caused by Magnetic Reconnection in Impulsive Flare Events
Authors: Tan Lun C. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Using data from the Wind/3D Plasma and Energetic Particle (3DP) instrument, we have analyzed the energy spectral difference of low-energy electrons between the “impulsive” and “gradual” solar energetic particle (SEP) events during solar cycle 23. Since simulations reveal that in the exhaust of magnetic reconnection sites, electrons could form a beam structure in which the parallel speed is limited by the electron Alfvén speed (V
Ae), their spectral steepening should be observable at the electron energy E
e, corresponding to V
Ae. In addition, the analysis of transversely oscillating coronal loops shows that in the loop-top region, where the reconnection site is located, V
Ae corresponds to E
e < 15 keV. We hence search for the spectral steepening of electrons in this E
e range. In our search we have taken the effect of local particle acceleration at reconnecting current sheets into consideration. The effect may occur in the solar wind and impact the observed time-intensity profiles of SEPs. Our analysis shows that in the impulsive flare event, the electron spectral steepening occurs at E
e = 7 ± 2 keV, whereas no steepening is seen in the gradual event. Therefore, the comparison between the impulsive and gradual SEP event lists provided by this work could be important for future investigations of particle acceleration in the corona and the solar wind.
High-resolution Near-IR Spectral Mapping with H2 and [Fe ii] Lines of Multiple Outflows around LkHα 234
Authors: Oh Heeyoung , Pyo Tae-Soo , Koo Bon-Chul , Yuk In-Soo , Kaplan Kyle F. , Lee Yong-Hyun , Sokal Kimberly R. , Mace Gregory N. , Park Chan , Lee Jae-Joon , Park Byeong-Gon , Hwang Narae , Kim Hwihyun , Jaffe Daniel T. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present a high-resolution, near-IR spectroscopic study of multiple outflows in the LkHα 234 star formation region using the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS). Spectral mapping over the blueshifted emission of HH 167 allowed us to distinguish at least three separate, spatially overlapped outflows in H2 and [Fe ii] emission. We show that the H2 emission represents not a single jet but rather complex multiple outflows driven by three known embedded sources: MM1, VLA 2, and VLA 3. There is a redshifted H2 outflow at a low velocity, V
LSR <+50 km s−1, with respect to the systemic velocity of V
LSR = −11.5 km s−1, that coincides with the H2O masers seen in earlier radio observations 2″ southwest of VLA 2. We found that the previously detected [Fe ii] jet with

100 km s−1 driven by VLA 3B is also detected in H2 emission and confirm that this jet has a position angle of about 240°. Spectra of the redshifted knots at 14″–65″ northeast of LkHα 234 are presented for the first time. These spectra also provide clues to the existence of multiple outflows. We detected high-velocity (50–120 km s−1) H2 gas in the multiple outflows around LkHα 234. Since these gases move at speeds well over the dissociation velocity (>40 km s−1), the emission must originate from the jet itself rather than H2 gas in the ambient medium. Also, position–velocity and excitation diagrams indicate that emission from knot C in HH 167 comes from two different phenomena, shocks and photodissociation.
L’hétérarchie de l’intellect général
Authors: Krasavin Igor 
Published: April 2018

Cet article élabore le problème de la structure de l’Intellect Général, dont la théorie se développe dans le mouvement intellectuel post-opéraiste. Synonyme de la capacité cognitive de la société, qui peut soit ouvrir la voie d’une libération, soit être exploité par le capitalisme, l’Intellect Général est à la fois une capacité de la société à analyser, à poser des objectifs et à produire, et un corps virtuel composé topologiquement par les connexions sociales entre « la multitude de singularités corporelles ». Ici l’Intellect G é n é ral est analysé comme une propriété de cette structure de connexion sociale, nommée comme l’hétérarchie. L’hétérarchie est un ensemble, dont les différentes parties se lient comme autant d’ensembles singuliers et contribuent à ses changements, sans pouvoir être réduites à un système de valeurs unique, transitif et cohérent. L’argument principal de cet article est que, si l’Intellect G é n é ral peut dénoter la capacité auto-organisationnelle de la société, il est impossible de l’identifier avec une organisation institutionnelle unique ou avec un régime politique cohérent et englobant.