bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily Indexes for Predation and Growth of Nematophagous Mushrooms Species of Hohenbuehelia (Pleurotaceae) on Panagrellus redividus
Authors: Lubian Cleonice , Martinha Danielle Dutra , Portz Roberto Luis , Silva Filho Alexandre Gonçalves dos Santos e , Cortez Vagner Gularte , Missio Vivian Carré 
Published: February 2018

Biological control is a method of controlling pests through the use of other living organisms. The purposes of this study were to test Hohenbuehelia species as biological control agents against Panagrellus redivivus in vitro, evaluating nematodes influence on mycelia growth; establishing daily indexes for predation and growth and setting predation percentage. Five species previously identified as 436-Hohenbuehelia mastrucata (Nematoctonus hamatus), 528-H. bullulifera (not described so far), 581-H. paraguayensis (N. sp.), 582-H. sp. (N. sp.) and 631-H. portegna (N. campylosporus) were submitted to anamorphic purification directly from basidioma. Afterwards, 100 nematodes were added to each pure colony for predation test. Evaluation started right after 24 hours of nematode-fungus interaction. Immobilized and/or penetrated nematodes were counted and mycelia growth was measured. Results were subjected to variance analyses. Hohenbuehelia mastrucata had the best performance in growth speed, followed by H. portegna and H. paraguayensis; Nematodes multiplyied much but none specie grew more as an influence of their movement under mycelium, however all species formed trap devices and some of them produced adhesive or repelent substances. Trap devices were formed in control plates also. The plates of H. paraguayensis without nematodes grew more than treatments. Cumulative predation of H. portegna was the highest at 24 (195.5%) and 48 hours (235%). At the last evaluation day, H. paraguayensis preyed the same amount (185.75%) than H. portegna, followed by H. mastrucata (109.51%). Resulst of predation daily indexes displayed chronological activity for each isolate, where H. portegna was very reactive at first 24 hours, H. mastrucata raised its predacious activity in 48 hours being constant from this time on and H. paraguayensis pointed out itself at 72 hours. Other species presented low predation and growth indexes throughout experiment.
Dynamic Obstacle Detection of Road Scenes using Equi-Height Mosaicking Image
Authors: Park Min Woo , Jung Soon Ki 
Published: February 2018

Many automobile companies and researchers have developed various safety systems to reduce fatalities by traffic accidents. In order to prevent traffic accidents by distracted driving, therefore, we present the vehicle and pedestrian detection using a novel image representation called equi-height mosaicking system. Furthermore, we additionally suggest the part-based side detection method using equi-height peripheral mosaicking image to detect approaching vehicles while driving
Diagnostic testing the solar power equipment in logic 2- and 3- valuable
Authors: Duer Radosław , Duer Stanisław 
Published: February 2018

The article presents the problem of the study of developed diagnoses in logic2- and 3-valuable diagnostic system (DIAG 2) devices of the solar power. For this purpose, a functional-diagnostic model of solar power devices has been described. On the basis of the elaborated model of the investigated object, a set of basic elements and a set of diagnostic signals, that are generated by the j-th elements of the functional object, have been determined. Also, there was given a brief description of intelligent diagnostic (DIAG 2) system used for the study. The system (DIAG 2) is a proprietary development of the authors. Diagnostic software in (DIAG 2) system works on the principle of comparison of the set of vectors of diagnostic signals with their standard vectors. By comparing the signals, elementary metrics of vectors disparity of diagnostic signals are determined by the neural network. On the basis of the metrics of differential distance, the system inferences about the diagnosis on the state of elements of a basic object. Keywords: technical diagnostics, diagnostic reasoning, multivalent logic, artificial intelligence
Performance analysis of Enterprise Service Buses of Open Source type
Authors: Górski Tomasz , Pietrasik Kacper 
Published: February 2018

The growing interest in business integration and interoperability of IT systems led to an increase in the importance of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), which provides tools for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI). In this sense, Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) provides technical capabilities for communication between IT systems. The aim of this article is to present the results of performance tests of selected ESBs of Open Source type. The basis for our performance analysis was a business case of the order realization in the Internet shop of electronics retailer. The order realization requires a collaboration of three IT systems. The business case has been implemented with the use of each selected ESBs: WSO2, Mule, and Talend. Test scenarios were defined and performance tests were conducted for each of the three selected ESBs. On the basis of the collected results it can be concluded that each service bus has its own strengths and weaknesses. Focusing on the merits it should be noted that WSO2 copes very well with files of small size, for small number of users, and also does not burden the CPU significantly. Results for Talend ESB, show that it does well with both kind of files, small and large sizes, for large number of users, but harder utilizes CPU. Research shows that it is worth to analyze the parameters of transmitted messages while selecting ESB for building integration solution. The results show that the Talend ESB may be a good choice for construction of integration solution in a business environment with a large number of users and diversified communications. Keywords: Enterprise Service Bus, performance, integration, Service Oriented Architecture
Hybrid heating installations
Authors: Sobiech Marian 
Published: February 2018

The article presents important considerations related to the use of renewable energy installations in modern buildings for various purposes. The essence of the matter is the question of an innovative technical solution for heating installations and preparation of hot water in moderate climate conditions, in order to obtain the effect of the lowest cost of the maintenance and operation of the building in the heating season. Keywords: construction, buildings heating, renewable energy, hybrid installations
Model of a filtration process using a membrane filter with uniform transmission structure
Authors: Górka Andrzej 
Published: February 2018

The paper presents a model of a microfiltration filter for separation of biological microparticles from body fluids, including peripheral blood. The model used a single membrane filter with a homogeneous 2D transmission structure. In the model, the individual sieve with a uniform transmission structure in 2D space was applied. Because of the required survival of biological particles, the presented model was limited to the narrow filtration conditions that guarantee biological activity of these particles. In this model, the filtration process proceeds in the gravitational field without the involvement of external forces forcing or inhibiting the filtration process. Based on this model there were given basic dependencies describing the required filtration process conditions, such as filtration time and internal forces for particle migration in the filtered body fluid. The basic relationships between the height of the filtered column, duration of the process, and average fluid expenditure of the filtration process for different shapes of the channels molecular drainage lines filter have been determined. Based on this data, the directions of further works on improving the presented model of molecular filtration of biological particles for enriching selected biological fractions have been described. Keywords: micro filtration, filter sieves, filter membranes, filtration of biological particles, filtration membranes
Large Language Model Influence on Diagnostic Reasoning
Authors: Goh Ethan , Gallo Robert , Hom Jason , Strong Eric , Weng Yingjie , Kerman Hannah , Cool Joséphine A. , Kanjee Zahir , Parsons Andrew S. , Ahuja Neera , Horvitz Eric , Yang Daniel , Milstein Arnold , Olson Andrew P. J. , Rodman Adam , Chen Jonathan H. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceLarge language models (LLMs) have shown promise in their performance on both multiple-choice and open-ended medical reasoning examinations, but it remains unknown whether the use of such tools improves physician diagnostic reasoning.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of an LLM on physicians’ diagnostic reasoning compared with conventional resources.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted from November 29 to December 29, 2023. Using remote video conferencing and in-person participation across multiple academic medical institutions, physicians with training in family medicine, internal medicine, or emergency medicine were recruited.InterventionParticipants were randomized to either access the LLM in addition to conventional diagnostic resources or conventional resources only, stratified by career stage. Participants were allocated 60 minutes to review up to 6 clinical vignettes.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was performance on a standardized rubric of diagnostic performance based on differential diagnosis accuracy, appropriateness of supporting and opposing factors, and next diagnostic evaluation steps, validated and graded via blinded expert consensus. Secondary outcomes included time spent per case (in seconds) and final diagnosis accuracy. All analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. A secondary exploratory analysis evaluated the standalone performance of the LLM by comparing the primary outcomes between the LLM alone group and the conventional resource group.ResultsFifty physicians (26 attendings, 24 residents; median years in practice, 3 [IQR, 2-8]) participated virtually as well as at 1 in-person site. The median diagnostic reasoning score per case was 76% (IQR, 66%-87%) for the LLM group and 74% (IQR, 63%-84%) for the conventional resources-only group, with an adjusted difference of 2 percentage points (95% CI, −4 to 8 percentage points; P = .60). The median time spent per case for the LLM group was 519 (IQR, 371-668) seconds, compared with 565 (IQR, 456-788) seconds for the conventional resources group, with a time difference of −82 (95% CI, −195 to 31; P = .20) seconds. The LLM alone scored 16 percentage points (95% CI, 2-30 percentage points; P = .03) higher than the conventional resources group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this trial, the availability of an LLM to physicians as a diagnostic aid did not significantly improve clinical reasoning compared with conventional resources. The LLM alone demonstrated higher performance than both physician groups, indicating the need for technology and workforce development to realize the potential of physician-artificial intelligence collaboration in clinical practice.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06157944
Timing of Palliative Care, End-of-Life Quality Indicators, and Health Resource Utilization
Authors: Mah Sarah J. , Carter Ramirez Daniel M. , Schnarr Kara , Eiriksson Lua R. , Gayowsky Anastasia , Seow Hsien 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceDespite research supporting the benefits of early palliative care, timely initiation by gynecologic oncology patients is reportedly low, which may limit the effectiveness of palliative care.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of the timing of palliative care initiation with the aggressiveness of end-of-life care using established quality indicators among patients with ovarian cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based retrospective cohort study of ovarian cancer decedents used linked administrative health care data to identify palliative care provision across all health care sectors and health care professionals (specialist and nonspecialist) and end-of-life quality indicators in Ontario, Canada, from 2006 to 2018. Data analyses were performed July 12, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the associations between the timing of palliative care and end-of-life quality indicators, including emergency department use, hospital or intensive care unit admission in the last 30 days of life, chemotherapy in last 14 days of life, death in the hospital, and a composite measure of aggressive care. Late palliative care was defined as 3 months or less prior to death.ResultsThere were 8297 ovarian cancer decedents. Their mean (SD) age at death was 69.6 (13.1) years, and their mean (SD) oncologic survival was 2.8 (3.9) years. Among 3958 patients with known cancer stage, 3495 (88.3%) presented with stage III or IV disease. One-third of patients (2667 [32.1%]) received late palliative care in the final 3 months of life. Results of multivariable regression analysis indicated that any palliative care initiated earlier than 3 months before death was associated with lower rates of aggressive end-of-life care (odds ratio [OR], 0.47 [95% CI, 0.37-0.60]), death in hospital (OR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.45-0.65]), and intensive care unit admission (OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.27-0.76]). Specialist palliative consultation from 3 months up to 6 monts before death was associated with decreased likelihood of late chemotherapy (OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.24-0.88]).ConclusionsFindings from this cohort study suggested that early palliative care may be associated with less-aggressive end-of-life care than late palliative care. Implementation strategies for early palliative care initiation are needed to optimize care quality and health resource utilization at the end of life.
Dual Recognition Strategy‐Based Transistor Sensor Array for Ultrasensitive and Multi‐Target Detection of Antibiotics
Authors: Tao Tian , Wei Xiaojie , Ye Ziwei , Zong Boyang , Li Qiuju , Mao Shun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMulti‐target detection is a notable development direction in the field of analytical methods, boasting significant potential for breakthroughs in complex sample detection. Herein, an extended gate field‐effect transistor (EGFET) sensor array for ultrasensitive and multi‐target detection of antibiotics is developed. To enhance the recognition ability for diverse antibiotics, a dual‐recognition strategy based on tailor‐made molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and aptamer is adopted to fabricate the extended gate electrode (sensing electrode). The dual‐recognition strategy‐based EGFET exhibits superior sensitivity, selectivity, and stability compared to single recognition probes due to the synergistic effect of the affinities of MIP and specific aptamer. The developed sensor array can detect three types of antibiotics, including ampicillin, amoxicillin, and kanamycin, at the same time with record‐low detection limit (fM level) and a detection range spanning six orders of magnitude. The practical detection of antibiotics in various samples (tap water, river water, milk, honey, and artificial urine) further validates the feasibility of the sensor array in practical applications. The key advantages of flexibility, high sensitivity and selectivity, and multifunctionality demonstrate the high potential of EGFET sensor array for simultaneous detection of multiple target molecules.
Flexible Hair‐Like Piezoelectric Acoustic Particle Velocity Sensor with Enhanced Sensitivity for Speaker Recognition
Authors: Jin Biao , Cao Hongchao , Sheng Tianyu , Gong Zheng , Dong Zihao , Gai Yansong , Jiang Yonggang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlexible resonant acoustic sensors exhibit enhanced sensitivity near their resonant frequencies and have attracted increasing interest as essential components for next‐generation human‐machine speech interactions. However, membrane‐based resonant acoustic sensors are bulky owing to the inherently high bending stiffness of the sensing membrane. Inspired by the tiny hair‐based sensitive acoustic receptors of spiders, this study reports a hair‐like piezoelectric resonant acoustic particle velocity sensor (HP‐APVS) that enables highly sensitive sound sensing with a significantly reduced size. The HP‐APVS device is essentially a polyimide cantilever array fabricated using Nb0.02‐Pb(Zr0.6Ti0.4)O3 (PZT) on polyimide and self‐bending processes. The experimental results demonstrate that the HP‐APVS shows a linear response to acoustic particle velocity instead of acoustic pressure, with enhanced sensitivity in the resonance mode. Additionally, the proposed HP‐APVS exhibits an outstanding speaker recognition rate of 95.3% with an error rate reduction of 75% compared with that of a reference commercial microphone, indicating many potential applications in the realms of biometric authentication, voice user interfaces, and other intelligent acoustic electronics.
Clinically Relevant and Precisely Printable Live Adipose Tissue–Based Bio‐Ink for Volumetric Soft Tissue Reconstruction
Authors: Jeong Wonwoo , Son Jeonghyun , Choi Jeonghan , Han Jonghyeuk , Jeon Seunggyu , Kim Min Kyeong , Ha Won , Kang Hyun‐Wook 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutologous fat is widely used in soft tissue reconstruction; however, significant volume reduction owing to necrosis and degradation of the transplanted adipose tissue (AT) remains a major challenge. To address this issue, a novel live AT micro‐fragment–based bio‐ink (ATmf bio‐ink) compatible with precision 3D printing, is developed. Live AT micro‐fragments of ≈280 µm in size are prepared using a custom tissue micronizer and they are incorporated into a fibrinogen/gelatin mixture to create the ATmf bio‐ink. AT micro‐fragments exhibit high viability and preserve the heterogeneous cell population and extracellular matrix of the native AT. The developed bio‐ink enables precise micropatterning and provides an excellent adipo‐inductive microenvironment. AT grafts produced by co‐printing the bio‐ink with polycaprolactone demonstrate a 500% improvement in volume retention and a 300% increase in blood vessel infiltration in vivo compared with conventional microfat grafts. In vivo engraftment of AT grafts is further enhanced by using a stem cell–laden ATmf bio‐ink. Last, it is successfully demonstrated that the bio‐ink is enabled for the creation of clinically relevant and patient‐specific AT grafts for patients undergoing partial mastectomy. This novel ATmf bio‐ink for volumetric soft tissue reconstruction offers a pioneering solution for addressing the limitations of existing clinical techniques.
Using a Supramolecular Monomer Formulation Approach to Engineer Modular, Dynamic Microgels, and Composite Macrogels
Authors: Rovers Maritza M. , Rogkoti Theodora , Bakker Bram K. , Bakal Kalpit J. , van Genderen Marcel H.P. , Salmeron‐Sanchez Manuel , Dankers Patricia Y.W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicrogels show advantages over bulk hydrogels due to convenient control over microgel size and composition, and the ability to use microgels to modularly construct larger hierarchical scaffold hydrogel materials. Here, supramolecular chemistry is used to formulate supramolecular polymer, dynamic microgels solely held together by non‐covalent interactions. Four‐fold hydrogen bonding ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) monomers with different functionalities are applied to precisely tune microgel properties in a modular way, via variations in monomer concentration, bifunctional crosslinker ratio, and the incorporation of supramolecular dyes and peptides. Functionalization with a bioactive supramolecular cell‐adhesive peptide induced selectivity of cells toward the bioactive microgels over non‐active, non‐functionalized versions. Importantly, the supramolecular microgels can also be applied as microscale building blocks into supramolecular bulk macrogels with tunable dynamic behavior: a robust and weak macrogel, where the micro‐ and macrogels are composed of similar molecular building blocks. In a robust macrogel, microgels act as modular micro‐building blocks, introducing multi‐compartmentalization, while in a weak macrogel, microgels reinforce and enhance mechanical properties. This work demonstrates the potential to modularly engineer higher‐length‐scale structures using small molecule supramolecular monomers, wherein microgels serve as versatile and modular micro‐building units.
The Role of Thermally Activated Charge Separation in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jain Nakul , Jasiūnas Rokas , Li Xian'e , Zhang Huotian , Fu Jiehao , Zhang Rui , Gang Li , Fahlman Mats , Gulbinas Vidmantas , Gao Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, organic solar cells (OSCs) have shown high power efficiencies approaching 20%. However, the fundamental mechanisms of charge separation in these highly efficient devices have been a subject of intensive debates. Here, the charge separation efficiency (CSE) is extensively investigated across a wide range of blend systems with different energetic offsets. The findings unveil the temperature‐dependent nature of charge separation in low‐offset systems, emphasizing its significant contribution to the overall CSE. An intriguing inverse correlation between CSE and charge separation activation energy in relation to the offset is also observed. These results shed new light on the factors underlying the high CSE observed in the state‐of‐the‐art devices.
Fluorine Labeling and 19F NMR Spectroscopy to Study Biological Molecules and Molecular Complexes
Authors: Werle Yannick , Kovermann Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy represents a key methodology for studying biomolecules and their interplay with other molecules. Recent developments in labeling strategies have made it possible to incorporate fluorine into proteins and peptides reliably, with manageable efforts and, importantly, in a highly site‐specific manner. Paired with its excellent NMR spectroscopic properties and absence in most biological systems, fluorine has enabled scientists to investigate a rather wide range of scientific objectives, including protein folding, protein dynamics and drug discovery. Furthermore, NMR spectroscopic experiments can be conducted in complex environments, such as cell lysate or directly inside living cells. This review presents selected studies demonstrating how 19F NMR spectroscopic approaches enable to contribute to the understanding of biomolecular processes. Thereby the focus has been set to labeling strategies available and specific NMR experiments performed to answer the underlying scientific objective.