bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV infection and pre-term birth: a data-linkage study using Scottish Health Data
Authors: Aldhous Marian C. , Bhatia Ramya , Pollock Roz , Vragkos Dionysis , Cuschieri Kate , Cubie Heather A. , Norman Jane E. , Stock Sarah J. 
Published: March 2019

Background: We aimed to investigate whether infection with high-risk (HR) types of human papilloma virus (HPV) or HPV-associated cervical disease were associated with preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation). In a sub-group of younger women who were eligible for the HPV vaccine, we aimed to determine whether prior vaccination against the specific HPV-types, HPV-16 and -18 modified preterm birth risk. Methods: This was a data-linkage study, which linked HPV-associated viral and pathological information (from the Scottish HPV Archive) from women aged 16-45 years to routinely collected NHS maternity- and hospital-admission records from 1999–2015. Pregnancy outcomes from 5,598 women with term live birth (≥37 weeks gestation, n=4,942), preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation, n=386) or early miscarriage (<13 weeks gestation, n=270). Of these, data from HPV vaccine-eligible women (n=3,611, aged 16-25 years) were available, of whom 588 had been vaccinated. HPV-associated disease status was defined as: HR HPV-positive no disease, low-grade abnormalities or high-grade disease. Results: High-grade HPV-associated cervical disease was associated with preterm birth (odds ratio=1.843 [95% confidence interval 1.101–3.083], p=0.020) in adjusted binary logistic regression analysis, in all women, but there were no associations with HR HPV-infection alone or with low-grade abnormalities. No associations between any HPV parameter and preterm birth were seen in vaccine-eligible women, nor was there any effect of prior vaccination. Conclusions: HPV-associated high-grade cervical disease was associated with preterm birth, but there were no associations with HR HPV-infection or low-grade cervical disease. Thus HPV-infection alone (in the absence of cervical disease) does not appear to be an independent risk factor for preterm birth. For women who have undergone treatment for CIN and become pregnant, these results demonstrate the need to monitor for signs of preterm birth.
Elderly dementia patients, socioeconomic settings, care management and ICT adoption
Authors: Zacharopoulou Vasiliki , Zacharopoulou Georgia , Leontiou Lili , Voudouri Eleni , Tsampalas Evangelos , Lazakidou Athina 
Published: March 2019

Objective: This study investigated the socioeconomic characteristics of dementia patients in Greece and assessed whether these factors influence their healthcare. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study design was used. In total, data from 779 elderly dementia patients were reviewed. Results: On the whole, a larger proportion of primary health care facilities were used by patients with no educational level (Odds Ratio=10.91; 95%; Confidence Interval=3.21–37.14) or no/little income adequacy (Odds Ratio=2.13; 95%; Confidence Interval=1.18–3.86). Moreover, patients with a lower economic status (€0–6000) used primary health care facilities at a lower level (Odds Ratio=0.22; 95%; Confidence Interval=0.12–0.39). After controlling for confounding effects with a logistic regression method, tertiary education (Odds Ratio=7.68; 95%; Confidence Interval=2.76–21.35) was also a factor determining the frequency of patients visiting social care services, as was a higher economic status. In a logistic regression model, a higher educational level and rural areas were related to the use of information and communication technology and their devices (Odds Ratio=65.68; 95%; Confidence Interval=7.22–597.12, tertiary education) and (Odds Ratio=0.16; 95%; Confidence Interval=0.05–0.56). Conclusions: Socioeconomic status and area of residence are two major factors that affect various aspects of dementia care, while accessibility and availability of health structures determine the type of health care patients receive.
Episódio Hipotônico Hiporresponsivo: Relato de Caso / Hypotonic-hyporesponsive Episode: A Case Report
Authors: Silva Lara Laranjeira Baleeiro , Araújo Lorena De Sousa Moura , Brito Mara Iany Braga de , Costa Sara Viana Diniz , Almino Maria Auxiliadora Ferreira Brito 
Published: March 2019

Episódio Hipotônico Hiporresponsivo (EHH) é normalmente descrito na literatura como um “início súbito de hipotonia e hiporresponsividade, associadas à alteração da coloração da pele (palidez ou cianose), que ocorrem dentro de 48 horas após a vacinação de crianças, sem outras causas que justifiquem sua ocorrência”. O presente estudo relata um caso de Episódio Hipotônico Hiporresponsivo em lactente após primeira aplicação de vacina Penta. O caso envolve um bebê do sexo masculino, brasileiro, com 4 meses de idade, com bom estado geral de saúde, hidratado, corado, nutrido e eupneico. O lactente apresentou um quadro abrupto de hipotonia generalizada, hiporresponsividade a estímulos e febre, duas horas após a primeira dose da vacina Pentavalente, do Programa Nacional de Imunização. Recebeu alta após 1 hora de observação hospitalar, o que sugere duração de sintomas menor que uma hora. As subnotificações em alguns casos, não estão de acordo com as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde, que aconselha nestes caos, observação rigorosa até o completo desaparecimento dos sinais e sintomas.
A Personalidade Criminosa: Uma Discussão Acerca da Aplicação da Pena de Prisão em Paralelo com a Política Socioeducativa / The Criminal Personality: A Discussion on the Application of the Prison in Parallel with the Socioeducational Policy
Authors: Silva Luana Martins da , Bezerra Fabiana Correia 
Published: March 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o crime, o criminoso e a aplicação da pena privativa de liberdade como meio de coibir os atos delitivos. Assim como, foca na construção da personalidade do criminoso esboçando para tanto as diversas teorias existentes. Para tanto apresenta os seguintes objetivos específicos, estes irão: Esboçar a evolução histórica da pena; Discorrer sobre a criminalidade nos mais diferentes aspectos indo desde sua análise na criminologia à psicologia além de descrever o procedimento do exame criminológico; Demonstrar que a reconstrução da persona do infrator com base em políticas educacionais é uma utopia. Já no que concerne a elaboração da pesquisa, esta é abordada com esteio no método dedutivo no qual parte de uma premissa maior, no caso da criminalidade em seu todo para a compreensão de cada indivíduo com suas particularidades específicas. Como método procedimental, aplica-se o bibliográfico e documental, pois a elaboração da pesquisa contou com materiais construtores da leitura como livros, artigos e revistas outrora publicados pelos mais diversos autores, além de realizar uma abordagem qualitativa, pois foca no caráter subjetivo do objeto em análise. Ademais, a pesquisa possui um viés jurídicosocial, pois ao passo que elenca os dispositivos legais expõe sua conexão com a vivência cotidiana dos indivíduos, além de se justificar pela necessidade de se discutir quais os fatores que vem contribuindo para o aumento da violência, tendo em vista o seu crescente aumento a cada ano.Neste sentido, compreender a formação da personalidade criminosa é indispensável, uma vez que já existe um sistema normativo penal rígido no Brasil, assim como diversas políticas voltadas para reconstruir a persona do delinquente, no entanto entraves como a reincidência é uma realidade do sistema. Então, de que forma é possível reconstruir a personalidade do criminoso para que esta transformação não permaneça como utopia?
Gestão Pública com Ênfase sobre Programas de Integração / Public Management with Emphasis on the Integration Program
Authors: Araújo Cyro Ribeiro de Alencar , Soares Rita Cristiane Ramacciotti Gusmão 
Published: March 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo de apresentar e discutir sobre o “Programas de Integração” e da sua importância dentro das organizações. Demonstrando que este sistema tem uma forma de estratégia encontrada em manter seus novos e veteranos colaboradores atualizados, sendo relevante a transmissão sobre os seus valores, missões, visões, direitos e deveres. Pois através disso, o Programa de Integração traz uma idéia que agrega valor e impacto para o desenvolvimento da organização. A metodologia utilizada foi a quantitativa, em que foi feito um estudo fundamentado em um referencial rico em conceitos fundamentais de alguns autores especialistas nesse assunto, definido por pesquisa bibliográfica e análise desses dados utilizados e têm como principal característica de aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre a importância de trabalhar o Programa de Integração.
Komplementiniai jungtukai jog ir kad senojoje ir dabartinėje lietuvių kalboje
Authors: Jasionytė-Mikučionienė Erika 
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
This paper focuses on the Lithuanian complementizers kad and jog (“that”), which so far have not received any in-depth analysis, except for some observations made by the authors of the Lithuanian Grammar (1976) or Artūras Judžentis (2009) and Axel Holvoet (2010; 2015). Adopting both synchronic and diachronic perspectives and by applying a corpus-driven methodology, the present study aims to investigate the semantic functional potential of kad and jog as well as their usage and the syntactic contexts that they appear in. The analyzed data set includes both written (i.e., fiction) language and some Old Lithuanian texts from the 16th century (namely, the Postilla by Jonas Bretkūnas (1591) and the Postilla by Mikalojus Daukša (1599)).
The analysis shows that the complementizers under consideration are relatively frequent in the old Lithuanian writings, though the complementizer kad is only sporadically used in Jonas Bretkūnas’s Postilla. The conjunction kad in the Postilla by Mikalojus Daukša is most often used in different types of adverbial clauses, including time, purpose and conditional clauses. Jog, in its turn, functions as a complementizer that prototypically appears in propositional complement clauses (in both of the analyzed old texts). When, in the Daukša’s Postilla, the conjunction kad appears in complement clauses, it may take on both types (i.e., propositional as well as state-of-affairs) of complement clauses. In contemporary Lithuanian, kad has changed its functional profile and, like the complementizer jog, is most often associated with complementation strategies; i.e., it is found in propositional and state-of-affairs complement clauses. Besides, kad is more polyfunctional than jog: it can be found in insubordinate clauses and function as a discourse or an optative marker.
Senųjų raštų morfologijos duomenų bazės taikymas semantikos tyrimams: veiksmažodžių semantika
Authors: Jakulytė Dalia , Pakalniškienė Dalia 
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The Old Writings’ Morphology Database, created by Dalia Jakulytė, is adopted for semantics research by adding a semantics module. This module is created as a table of semantic features of every word form (the main entity of the database). The places for such semantic features are reserved: Meaning, Meaning Explanation, Section / Class / Type / Group, Semantic Field and Semantic Group. To verify the semantics module, the semantics of the infixed and sta stem verbs from Knyga nobažnystės (1653) was analysed on a DB basis. The semantic functions of the verbs were established.
Senųjų raštų rašybos keitimas paieškos sistemai
Authors: Šinkūnas Mindaugas 
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The Lithuanian historical corpus consists of machine-readable texts, transcribed according to the principles of documentary edition; the original spelling and the language features it encodes are preserved. Several orthographic systems were used during the various stages of the history of Lithuanian language, and some of them differ from the modern one to a relatively great extent. The historical orthography does not allow the use of language analysis tools, which were developed on the basis of the modern spelling. A link is therefore needed that would connect the historical orthography to the modern orthography used today.
In normalizing spelling, various challenges must be dealt with: the same grapheme must be differently realized without changing the orthography and by rewriting the form in the modern Lithuanian alphabet. At the same time, the normalization of phonetics has to be carried out, which includes the elimination of dialectal phonetic features and the representation of phonemes in the assimilated position. These principles can be used in constructing a universal search engine, in which queries can be processed across different orthographic systems (http://sr.lki.lt).
The size of the corpus and the available limited resources stimulate the search for an automated way of normalizing orthography. A set of rules was developed based on the empirical research on the history of orthography; these rules were then arranged hierarchically in accordance with the length of the sequence of processed characters, their implementation being limited to using the metadata according to the spelling features of a particular source. A 82–97% accuracy level of correct normalization was achieved.
The advantage of a rules-based transliteration is the consistency of changes; the disadvantage can be seen in generating not a single but several equivalents of the word, and the ambiguous rules in certain cases generate many tokens that do not exist in the natural language. The number of generated forms being fed to the search engine was reduced based on non-existent letter sequences and by narrowing the query alphabet. A further selection of the correct forms could be done using dictionaries or tools for analyzing the morphology and syntax of modern Lithuanian.
Localised pigmented villonodular synovitis of Hoffa’s fat pad- treatment using 70 degree arthroscope and superolateral portal: a case report
Authors: Magar Sumedh H. , Magar Hemant S. 
Published: March 2019

<p class="abstract">The localized form of pigmented villo-nodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare pathological entity characterized by limited involvement of the synovium. The knee is the most commonly affected joint, and the disorder presents as a nodular, pedunculated lesion. The lesion usually presents as mechanical symptom such as locking of the knee. We report a case of localized PVNS that involved patellar fat pad an extremely rare area of involvement, previously described only in 4 cases, presenting as palpable mass. Complete excision of the lesion was performed through superolateral portal with use of 70-degree arthroscope. 70-degree<sup> </sup>arthroscope allows us to completely visualize infra-patellar region through superolateral portal and is recommended than 30-degree arthroscope for treatment of infra-patellar lesions. Patient was symptomless at 3 months follow up.</p><p class="abstract"> </p><p> </p>
Correlação entre anti-desmogleína e lesões mucocutâneas em pacientes com pênfigo vulgar ou foliáceo
Authors: Batista Mara Ilka Holanda Medeiros , Paulino Marcilia Ribeiro , Oliveira dos Santos Carlus Alberto , Andrade Samantha Camargo de , Lima Camila Andrade , Gueiros Luiz Alcino , Leão Jair Carneiro , Carvalho Alessandra Albuquerque Tavares 
Published: March 2019

Essa é uma pesquisa não-probabilística e transversal. O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar a imunodetecção de anti-desmogleína 1 e 3 no soro de pacientes com pênfigo vulgar (PV) ou pênfigo foliáceo (PF) com a presença de lesões mucocutâneas. Pacientes foram selecionados por uma amostra de conveniência baseada na demanda espontânea nas unidades de Dermatologia e Medicina Oral da Universidade Federal do Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil, de fevereiro a novembro de 2012. Vinte e seis indivíduos (18 mulheres, 69,2% e 8 homens, 30,8%) foram avaliados, 20 diagnosticados com PV (73,1%) e 6 com PF (26,9%). O teste ELISA foi usado para determinar a presença de anti-desmogleína 1 e 3 no soro. A presença de anti-desmogleína 1 foi associada a lesões na pele (p=0,038) e a de anti-desmogleína 3 a lesões mucosais (p = 0,041). Nesse estudo, o ELISA se mostrou altamente sensível ao DSG1 e ao DSG3, de acordo com o fenótipo da doença.
Influence of Dairy Slurry Manure Application Method, Fall Application‐Timing, and Winter Rye Management on Nitrogen Conservation
Authors: Milliron Rachel A. , Karsten Heather D. , Beegle Douglas B. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Manure application method and timing affected ryelage but not rye cover biomass.
Manure injection compared to broadcast conserved manure‐N in ryelage.
Manure injection compared to broadcast with rye cover resulted in more corn silage.
Late injection compared to early injection conserved more manure‐N in ryelage.
Late versus early injection resulted in more manure‐N in soil and more corn after cover crops.
Fall manure applications can lead to nutrient losses prior to spring planting. This 2‐yr study evaluated effects of winter cereal rye (Secale cereal L.) crop management (cover crop versus ryelage), and fall, dairy slurry manure application method (broadcasted versus injected) and timing (September vs. November) on manure–N conservation. Nitrogen conservation was calculated from NH3 volatilization, percentage of manure–N in aboveground rye (%ManureN‐R) and soil (%ManureN‐S) in spring prior to corn (Zea mays L.) planting, and subsequent corn yield. Ryelage compared to cover crop conserved more %ManureN‐R (2.6‐fold) and despite reduced corn yield, ryelage‐corn treatments with 3.6‐fold greater rye biomass produced 20% greater total harvested forage than cover crops. Compared to broadcasted manure (BM), injected manure (IM) reduced NH3 losses and increased ryelage biomass (42%) after September (EARLY) applications, %ManureN‐R (50%), %ManureN‐S at multiple depths, and total harvested forage (20%). Corn silage yield with IM compared to BM was also greater after all cover crop treatments (23%), all ryelage treatments in 2015 (35%), and ryelage with a November application (LATE) in 2014 (30%). Compared to EARLY, LATE applications increased %ManureN‐R in ryelage after BM (44%) and IM (50%), %ManureN‐S at multiple depths in both rye treatments, and corn silage yields with IM following cover crops (21%). Following ryelage, corn yields were not larger following greater %ManureN‐S in LATE IM versus BM, suggesting potential for more soil NO3 leaching loss with LATE IM. However, multiple management options reduced fall manure–N losses and conserved manure–N for crop utilization, allowing for farm management flexibility.
Beef Manure and Urea Applied to Corn Show Variable Effects on Nitrous Oxide, Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Ammonia
Authors: Niraula Suresh , Rahman Shafiqur , Chatterjee Amitava , Cortus Erin L. , Mehata Mukesh , Spiehs Mindy J. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Manure applied soil had higher CO2 and CH4 and lower N2O and NH3 emissions than urea.
Beef manure with and without straw bedding produced similar yields and emissions.
Soil inorganic N availability showed positive correlations to N2O and NH3 emissions.
Manure and urea application produced similar corn yields.

Land application of beef cattle (Bos taurus) manure can improve soil health and increase corn (Zea mays L.) yield compared with commercial fertilizers. However, ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) emissions may lead to nutrient losses and environmental concerns. The objective of this research was to quantify NH3, N2O, CO2, and CH4 emissions from commercial and manure fertilizers applied to corn. In addition, residual soil N, corn yield, plant tissue N, and grain N were determined. The 2‐yr field study was conducted in Fargo‐Ryan silty clay soil. Treatments consisted of urea only (UO), solid beef manure (SM), solid beef manure with straw bedding (BM), and no fertilizer (NF). All treatments were applied to meet the corn N demand and yield goal of 10,760 kg ha–1 (160 bu ac–1). Greenhouse gases were quantified using static flux chambers, and NH3 was quantified using acid traps, for a total of 13 measurement dates in each growing season. Manure applied to soil reduced cumulative N2O by 23% in SM and 31% in BM compared with the UO soil. Cumulative CO2 emission (cCO2) was 42% lower in UO than in SM or BM. Cumulative CH4 emission (cCH4) ranged from –0.04 (NF) to 0.21 (BM) kg CH4–C ha–1, with the highest emission from BM. Cumulative NH3 emission (cNH3) was 11% lower in manure than UO. Cumulative residual soil N was 11% greater in Year 2. Fertilizer source did not affect the yield and grain N uptake (P > 0.05). The results highlight the challenges that come with variability in manure, soil, and weather as well as the potential for meeting crop N demand while reducing greenhouse gas emissions when using manure as an N source.
Electrospun Transdermal Patch for Contraceptive Hormone Delivery
Authors: Mofidfar Mohammad , Prausnitz Mark R. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
A transdermal patch for delivery of Levonorgestrel (LNG) can be used for
long-acting contraception.

Objective:
In this study, we designed and characterized a patch made of nonwoven electrospun microfibers
comprised of Polycaprolactone (PCL) encapsulating LNG for slow release in a mineral oil matrix.

Methods and Results:
Scanning electron microscopy showed uniform, randomly oriented PCL fibers
with large interconnected voids filled with mineral oil. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that LNG
loaded into PCL fibers had thermal stability up to ~200°C. Differential Scanning Calorimetry suggested
that LNG was dispersed in the electrospun fibers without interaction between the LNG and PCL, and
without formation of drug crystals. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results
further supported the conclusion that there was no chemical drug–polymer interaction in LNGloaded
fibers. Effective in vitro flux (i) from patches into mineral oil was 1.9 µgcm-2h-1, (ii) from mineral
oil across porcine skin was 4.6 µgcm-2h-1 and (iii) from patches across porcine skin was 1.7 μgcm-
2h-1, indicating that transdermal delivery rate was controlled by a combination of the patch and the skin.

Conclusion:
The LNG-loaded patches demonstrated steady delivery of LNG across skin for up to 5
days in vitro. With additional development, LNG-loaded electrospun PCL patches could be used for
long-acting contraception.