bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Analysis of 127 Cases
Authors: Li Weiwei , Zhou Qinghua , Xia Shujun , Wu Ying , Fei Xiaochun , Wang Yi , Tao Lingling , Fan Jinfang , Zhou Wei 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo explore the characteristics of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on real‐time grayscale contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging and the diagnostic value of CEUS in DCIS.MethodsA total of 127 histopathologically confirmed DCIS lesions and 124 fibroadenomas (FAs; controls) were subjected to conventional ultrasound and CEUS. Next, the CEUS findings of DCIS and FA lesions, including morphologic features and quantitative parameters, were analyzed.ResultsBinary logistic regression was used to identify the independent risk factors from DCIS and FA lesions detected by CEUS. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound revealed significant differences between DCIS and FA. The wash‐in time, enhancement mode, enhancement intensity, blood perfusion defects, peripheral high enhancement, enhancement scope, intratumoral vessels and their courses and dilatation degree, and penetrating vessels on CEUS were identified as features correlated with DCIS (P < .05). Moreover, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was developed, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve of each index was generated, including the wash‐in time, enhancement intensity, blood perfusion defects, enhancement scope, penetrating vessels, arrival time, and peak intensity (P < .05; area under the curve, >0.6).ConclusionsThe contrast‐enhancement patterns and DCIS parameters appeared different from FA lesions, thus suggesting that CEUS can be very useful in distinguishing DCIS from FA lesions.
Endoscopic endonasal superomedial orbitectomy: How far is safe and possible?
Authors: Cárdenas Ruiz‐Valdepeñas Eugenio , Kaen Ariel , González‐Martínez Emilio , Gardner Paul A. , Wang Eric W. , Snyderman Carl H. , Fernandez‐Miranda Juan C. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesDuring the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to the anterior cranial base, the lateral boundaries are the lamina papyracea (medial orbital walls) bilaterally but further extension in the coronal plane is possible by performing a superomedial orbitectomy. The aims of this study are to describe the technique of the endoscopic endonasal transethmoidal supraorbital approach to the anterior cranial base and to calculate the extension in the coronal plane added with the superomedial orbitectomy.MethodsThirty superomedial orbitectomies via EEA were completed in 15 fresh‐frozen heads. After finishing the procedure, a bifrontal craniotomy with removal of both frontal lobes was performed in order to measure the width of the supraorbital EEA in the coronal plane. We divided the anterior cranial base into five zones related to distinct anatomical segments: sinusal zone, post‐sinusal zone, anterior ethmoidal, inter‐ethmoidal zone, and posterior ethmoidal zone. Measurements of each segment of the anterior cranial base were taken.ResultsIn all specimens, it was possible to perform a superomedial orbitectomy without excessive retraction of the orbital contents. The inter‐ethmoidal zone is the segment where the lateral extension was widest. The mean total width in this area was 45.4 mm. The superomedial orbitectomy added a mean of 8 mm on each side to the total anterior skull base exposure.ConclusionThe endoscopic endonasal superomedial orbitectomy added important extension in the coronal plane during an EEA to the anterior cranial base. The inter‐ethmoidal zone has shown the greatest lateral extension.Level of EvidenceN/ALaryngoscope, 130:1151–1157, 2020
Transient Cold Storage Prior to Normothermic Liver Perfusion May Facilitate Adoption of a Novel Technology
Authors: Ceresa Carlo D. L. , Nasralla David , Watson Christopher J. E. , Butler Andrew J. , Coussios Constantin C. , Crick Keziah , Hodson Leanne , Imber Charles , Jassem Wayel , Knight Simon R. , Mergental Hynek , Ploeg Rutger J. , Pollok Joerg M. , Quaglia Alberto , Shapiro A. M. James , Weissenbacher Annemarie , Friend Peter J. 
Published: June 2019

Clinical adoption of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) may be facilitated by simplifying logistics and reducing costs. This can be achieved by cold storage of livers for transportation to recipient centers before commencing NMP. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of post–static cold storage normothermic machine perfusion (pSCS‐NMP) in liver transplantation. In this multicenter prospective study, 31 livers were transplanted. The primary endpoint was 30‐day graft survival. Secondary endpoints included the following: peak posttransplant aspartate aminotransferase (AST), early allograft dysfunction (EAD), postreperfusion syndrome (PRS), adverse events, critical care and hospital stay, biliary complications, and 12‐month graft survival. The 30‐day graft survival rate was 94%. Livers were preserved for a total of 14 hours 10 minutes ± 4 hours 46 minutes, which included 6 hours 1 minute ± 1 hour 19 minutes of static cold storage before 8 hours 24 minutes ± 4 hours 4 minutes of NMP. Median peak serum AST in the first 7 days postoperatively was 457 U/L (92‐8669 U/L), and 4 (13%) patients developed EAD. PRS was observed in 3 (10%) livers. The median duration of initial critical care stay was 3 days (1‐20 days), and median hospital stay was 13 days (7‐31 days). There were 7 (23%) patients who developed complications of grade 3b severity or above, and 2 (6%) patients developed biliary complications: 1 bile leak and 1 anastomotic stricture with no cases of ischemic cholangiopathy. The 12‐month overall graft survival rate (including death with a functioning graft) was 84%. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that pSCS‐NMP was feasible and safe, which may facilitate clinical adoption.
Artificial Muscles: Dielectric Elastomers Responsive to Low Voltages
Authors: Sheima Yauhen , Caspari Philip , Opris Dorina M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe lack of soft high‐dielectric‐permittivity elastomers responsive to a low voltage has been a long‐standing obstacle for the industrialization of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA) technology. Here, elastomers that not only possess a high dielectric permittivity of 18 and good elastic and insulating properties but are also processable in very thin films by conventional techniques are reported. Additionally, the elastic modulus can be easily tuned. A soft elastomer with a storage modulus of E = 350 kPa, a tanδ = 0.007 at 0.05 Hz, and a lateral actuation strain of 13% at 13 V µm−1 is prepared. A stable lateral actuation over 50 000 cycles at 10 Hz is demonstrated. A stiffer elastomer with an E = 790 kPa, a tanδ = 0.0018 at 0.05 Hz, a large out‐of‐plane actuation at 41 V µm−1, and breakdown fields of almost 100 V µm−1 is also developed. Such breakdown fields are the highest ever reported for a high‐permittivity elastomer. Additionally, actuators operable at a voltage as low as 200 V are also demonstrated. Because the materials used are cheap and easily available, and the chemical reactions leading to them allow upscaling, they have the potential to advance the DEA technology.
Experimental analysis of the friction coefficient effect of the zinc‐lamella coated fasteners on bolt preload and tightening moment
Authors: Güler B. , Gürsel K.T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBasic parameters of the bolt‐nut joints, which are ones of the most important elements of assembly processes, are the torque, bolt preload and friction coefficients between bolt and nut interfaces. In bolted joints tightened with torque and angle‐controlled method, friction coefficients of the fasteners are highly significant because they affect final torque and bolt preload values directly, creating a large uncertainty in regard to meet the minimum requirements on preloads considering the safety of joints and further systems, in case of this study, the vehicles being assembled. Also, the range of the lower and upper limits of friction coefficients of the coated fasteners affect process quality considerably in bolted joints tightened with torque and angle‐controlled technique. In this study, the effect of the friction coefficients on the bolt preload and final torque values in the vehicle chassis joints, which are created using torque and angle‐controlled tightening, were investigated experimentally. Therefore, bolt specimens which have both low and high friction coefficients, were tightened by the torque and angle‐controlled tightening method especially using high angle torque parameters on the vehicle chassis test bench. The torque and preload values obtained have been compared to each other and correlated in terms of the friction coefficients occurred.
Physico‐mechanical characterization of garnet and fly ash reinforced Al7075 hybrid composite
Authors: Mishra S. , Patnaik A. , Kumar S.R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of present work was to study the effect of adding garnet and fly ash on the physical and mechanical performance of Al7075 hybrid composites. Al7075 hybrid composites reinforced with varying weight percentage (0 wt.%–15 wt.%) of each of garnet and fly ash were fabricated and characterized for the comparative assessment of their physical and mechanical properties. The physical and mechanical tests such as void content test, hardness test, tensile strength test, impact strength tests, flexural and fracture toughness test were performed for both garnet and fly ash reinforced composites. The finding of results indicated that the addition of 0 wt.%–15 wt.% of garnet increased the void content, hardness, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength and fracture toughness in the range of 1.01 %–2.69 %, 33 HRB–88 HRB, 165 MPa–275 MPa, 205 MPa–263 MPa, 12 J–22 J and 0.11 MPa ⋅ m1/2–0.58 MPa ⋅ m1/2 at crack length 0.1 respectively whereas addition of 0 wt.%–15 wt.% of fly ash increased the void content, hardness test, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength and fracture toughness in the range of 1.010 %–1.351 %, 33 HRB‐80 HRB, 165 MPa–225 MPa, 205 MPa–236 MPa, 12 J–20 J, 0.11 MPa ⋅ m1/2–0.48 MPa ⋅ m1/2 at crack length 0.1 respectively. Apart from the economic concern and void issue, Garnet indicated better choice of reinforcement as compared to fly ash in terms of mechanical properties.
Investigation of new candidate genes in retinoblastoma using the TruSight One “clinical exome” gene panel
Authors: Akdeniz Demet , Tuncer Seref Bugra , Kebudi Rejin , Celik Betul , Kuru Gozde , Kilic Seda , Sukruoglu Erdogan Ozge , Avsar Mukaddes , Buyukkapu Bay Sema , Tuncer Samuray , Yazici Hulya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundRetinoblastoma (Rb) is the most prevalent intraocular pediatric malignancy of the retina. Significant genetic factors are known to have a role in the development of Rb.MethodsHere, we report the mutation status of 4813 clinically significant genes in six patients with noncarrier of RB1 gene mutation and having normal RB1 promoter methylation from three families having higher risk for developing Rb in the study.ResultsA total of 27 variants were detected in the study. Heterozygous missense variants c.1162G > A (p.Gly388Arg) in the FGFR4 gene; c.559C > T (p.Pro187Ser) in the NQO1 gene were identified. The family based evaluation of the variants showed that the variant, c.714T > G (p.Tyr238Ter), in the CLEC7A gene in first family; the variant, c.55C > T (p.Arg19Ter), in the APOC3 gene and the variant, c.1171C > T (p.Gln391Ter), in the MUTYH gene in second family; and the variant, c.211G > A (p.Gly71Arg), in the UGT1A1 gene in the third family, were found statistically significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study might be an important report on emphazing the mutational status of other genes in patients without RB1 gene mutations and having high risk for developing Rb. The study also indicates the interaction between the retinoic acid pathway and Rb oncogenesis for the first time.
Functional results after facial reanimation in iatrogenic facial palsy
Authors: Györi Eva , Mayrhofer Marcel , Schwaiger Benedikt M. , Pona Igor , Tzou Chieh Han 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIatrogenic facial nerve injury is a common cause of long‐standing facial palsy. This study aimed to assess functional results after facial reanimation in iatrogenic facial palsy and to determine correlating patient factors.MethodsThe data of 128 iatrogenic facial palsy patients were analyzed for this case series. Inclusion criteria for assessment of facial function by three‐dimensional video analysis were preoperative and postoperative (>18 months) video sets for facial marker tracking, which were available in 63 patients. Demographic factors and treatment concepts were analyzed and correlations to functional outcomes calculated.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐eight patients with iatrogenic facial palsy underwent facial reanimation procedures and were included in this study. The mean duration of facial palsy was 7.8 years. The most common procedures leading to iatrogenic facial palsy were acoustic neuroma resection (29.7%), parotidectomy (21.1%), and brainstem/cerebellopontine angle tumor resection (21.1%). Selected functional results were significantly improved after facial reanimation surgery. The mean lagophthalmos during eyelid closure reduced from 7.3 ± 4.1 mm to 5.4 ± 4 mm (p < .001). The function of the mouth was significantly improved, both statically (static asymmetry: 10.3 ± 7.6 mm preoperatively, 0.8 ± 9.5 mm postoperatively; p < .001), and during smile movement (“Dynamic Symmetry Index”: 0.16 preoperatively, 0.39 postoperatively; p < .001). The mean duration of facial palsy correlated with postoperative smiling function (r = .358, p = .011).ConclusionFacial reanimation significantly improves facial function in iatrogenic facial palsy. Early referral to a facial nerve center is crucial as duration of facial palsy influences functional outcomes.
A Two‐Week Treatment with Plant Extracts Changes Gut Microbiota, Caecum Metabolome, and Markers of Lipid Metabolism in ob/ob Mice
Authors: Brochot Amandine , Azalbert Vincent , Landrier Jean‐François , Tourniaire Franck , Serino Matteo 
Published: June 2019

ScopeTargeting gut microbiota dysbiosis by prebiotics is effective, though side effects such as abdominal bloating and flatulence may arise following high prebiotic consumption over weeks. The aim is therefore to optimize the current protocol for prebiotic use.Methods and resultsTo examine the prebiotic properties of plant extracts, two independent studies are conducted in ob/ob mice, over two weeks. In the first study, Porphyra umbilicalis and Melissa officinalis L. extracts are evaluated; in the second study, a high vs low dose of an Emblica officinalis Gaertn extract is assessed. These plant extracts affect gut microbiota, caecum metabolome, and induce a significant lower plasma triacylglycerols (TG) following treatment with P. umbilicalis and significantly higher plasma free fatty acids (FFA) following treatment with the low‐dose of E. officinalis Gaertn. Glucose‐ and insulin‐tolerance are not affected but white adipose tissue and liver gene expression are modified. In the first study, IL‐6 hepatic gene expression is significantly (adjusted p = 0.0015) and positively (r = 0.80) correlated with the bacterial order Clostridiales in all mice.ConclusionThe data show that a two‐week treatment with plant extracts affects the dysbiotic gut microbiota and changes both caecum metabolome and markers of lipid metabolism in ob/ob mice.
Honeycombed metasurface plate for generation of X‐band orbital angular momentum beam
Authors: Xu Yusi , Guo Zhigui , Yang Guomin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA honeycombed transmission metasurface based on hexagonal unit is proposed in this article for generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam. The hexagonal metasurface unit is composed of five metal layers and is separated by four dielectric substrates. A metal layer with three etched crossed slots is placed in the middle of the substrates, and other four hexagonal metal layers with same dimensions are placed symmetrically on both sides. By simulating the unit comprehensively around the center frequency of 10 GHz, a list of units with good transmission coefficient and different phase shifts for metasurface design is obtained. Based on the hexagonal metasurface units, the configuration of the metasurface plate is presented and two models of +1 and +2 mode are designed accordingly. The simulated results show that the metasurface plate is insensitive to the incident wave polarization and is able to generate OAM beams from circularly polarized (CP) and linearly polarized (LP) incident plane waves. To validate the correctness of the simulation results, a +2 mode OAM metasurface plate is fabricated and measured, and a helical phase wavefront is obtained, which demonstrates the generation of OAM beam.
Dietary Methionine Restriction Reduces Inflammation Independent of FGF21 Action
Authors: Sharma Shaligram , Dixon Taylor , Jung Sean , Graff Emily C. , Forney Laura A. , Gettys Thomas W. , Wanders Desiree 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveMethionine restriction (MR) decreases inflammation and improves markers of metabolic disease in rodents. MR also increases hepatic and circulating concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Emerging evidence has suggested that FGF21 exerts anti‐inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of FGF21 in mediating the MR‐induced reduction in inflammation.MethodsWild‐type and Fgf21‐/‐ mice were fed a high‐fat (HF) control or HF‐MR diet for 8 weeks. In a separate experiment, mice were fed a HF diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Vehicle or recombinant FGF21 (13.6 µg/d) was administered via osmotic minipump for an additional 2 weeks. Inflammation and metabolic parameters were measured.ResultsFgf21‐/‐ mice were more susceptible to HFD‐induced inflammation, and MR reduced inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver of Fgf21‐/‐ mice. MR downregulated activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in WAT of both genotypes. FGF21 administration reduced hepatic lipids and blood glucose concentrations. However, there was little effect of FGF21 on inflammatory gene expression in liver or adipose tissue or circulating cytokines.ConclusionsMR reduces inflammation independent of FGF21 action. Endogenous FGF21 is important to protect against the development of HFD‐induced inflammation in liver and WAT, yet administration of low‐dose FGF21 has little effect on markers of inflammation.
Investigation on the long‐term bactericidal effect and chemical composition of radical‐activated water
Authors: Iwata Naoyuki , Gamaleev Vladislav , Oh Jun‐Seok , Ohta Takayuki , Hori Masaru , Ito Masafumi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe treat deionized water using an atmospheric‐pressure radical source to investigate the role of neutral radicals in the bactericidal efficacy of radical‐activated water (RAW). The bactericidal efficacy of RAW is investigated using a colony‐forming unit assay with Escherichia coli. Both the bactericidal efficacy and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) concentration in stored RAW are investigated over a period of a month. E. coli was completely sterilized even in RAW stored for 7 days, indicating the strong bactericidal effect. However, deterioration of the bactericidal efficacy of RAW stored for 14 days is confirmed, which does not have a clear correlation with the time evolution of the RONS concentration. This result becomes a strong evidence that RAW has long‐term bactericidal efficacy.
Effects of biochar amendment to soils on stylet penetration activities by aphid Sitobion avenae and planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on their host plants
Authors: Chen Yong , Rong Xing , Fu Qiang , Li Baoping , Meng Ling 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo understand why biochar amendment to soils has a negative effect on sap‐feeding insects on their host plants, we used the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique to examine probing and feeding behaviors of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae on wheat and the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on rice; their food plants were cultured in soils receiving different treatments of biochar type (derived from three different types of feedstock: wheat, corn or rice straw) by amendment rate (four levels: 0, 1.5%, 3%, or 5%). In addition, we analyzed the contents of key nutrients in the wheat plant to explore their relevance to aphid feeding activities.RESULTSBiochar amendment to soils increased the number of events and duration of non‐probing and probing‐preparation activities while decreasing the duration of stylet penetrations in the phloem sieve by both S. avenae and L. striatellus. The effect varied depending on the biochar amendment rate in S. avenae and on both biochar type and amendment rate in L. striatellus. Biochar amendment decreased the content of sucking stimulatory nitrogen and increased that of sucking inhibitory silicon and potassium in wheat plants; this effect varied with biochar amendment rate and not with biochar type.CONCLUSIONBiochar amendment can make stylet penetration activities less effective by S. avenae and L. striatellus on their host plants. Ineffective penetration may result from the alteration in the contents of penetration‐relevant nutrients in the host plant as a consequence of biochar amendment to soils. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The Cancer Drug Fraction of Metabolism Database
Authors: Hua Liyan , Chiang Chien‐Wei , Cong Wang , Li Jin , Wang Xueying , Cheng Lijun , Feng Weixing , Quinney Sara K. , Wang Lei , Li Lang 
Published: June 2019

This study aims to create a database for quantifying the fraction of metabolism of cytochrome P450 isozymes for cancer drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. A reproducible data collection protocol was developed to extract essential information, including both substrate‐depletion and metabolite‐formation data from publicly available in vitro selective cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibition studies. We estimated the fraction of metabolism from the curated data. To demonstrate the utility of this database, we conducted an in vitro drug interaction prediction for the 42 cancer drugs. In the drug–drug interaction prediction, we identified 31 drug pairs with at least one cancer drug in each pair that had predicted area under concentration ratios > 2. We further found clinical drug interaction pieces of evidence in the literature to support 20 of these 31 drug–drug interaction pairs.
Time‐to‐Event Modeling of Peripheral Neuropathy: Platform Analysis of Eight Valine‐Citrulline‐Monomethylauristatin E Antibody–Drug Conjugates
Authors: Kågedal Matts , Samineni Divya , Gillespie William R. , Lu Dan , Fine Bernard M. , Girish Sandhya , Li Chunze , Jin Jin Y. 
Published: June 2019

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common long‐term debilitating toxicity of antimicrotubule agents. PN was the most frequent adverse event resulting in dose modifications and/or discontinuation of treatment for valine‐citrulline‐monomethylauristatin E antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) developed at Genentech. A pooled time‐to‐event analysis across eight ADCs (~700 patients) was performed to evaluate the relationship between the ADC exposure and the risk for developing a clinically significant (grade ≥ 2) PN. In addition, the impact of demographic and pathophysiological risk factors on the risk for PN was explored. The time‐to‐event analysis suggested that the development of PN risk increased with ADC exposure, treatment duration, body weight, and previously reported PN. This model can be used to inform clinical strategies such as adaptations to dosing regimen and/or treatment duration as well as inform clinical eligibility to reduce the incidence of grade ≥ 2 PN.