bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Decoding of Robot-Assisted Gait During Rehabilitation After Stroke
Authors: Contreras-Vidal Jose L. , Bortole Magdo , Zhu Fangshi , Nathan Kevin , Venkatakrishnan Anusha , Francisco Gerard E. , Soto Rogelio , Pons Jose L. 
Published: February 2018

Objective
Advancements in robot-assisted gait rehabilitation and brain-machine interfaces may enhance stroke physiotherapy by engaging patients while providing information about robot-induced cortical adaptations. We investigate the feasibility of decoding walking from brain activity in stroke survivors during therapy using a powered exoskeleton integrated with an electroencephalography-based brain-machine interface.

Design
The H2 powered exoskeleton was designed for overground gait training with actuated hip, knee, and ankle joints. It was integrated with active-electrode electroencephalography and evaluated in hemiparetic stroke survivors for 12 sessions per 4 wks. A continuous-time Kalman decoder operating on delta-band electroencephalography was designed to estimate gait kinematics.

Results
Five chronic stroke patients completed the study with improvements in walking distance and speed training for 4 wks, correlating with increased offline decoding accuracy. Accuracies of predicted joint angles improved with session and gait speed, suggesting an improved neural representation for gait, and the feasibility to design an electroencephalography-based brain-machine interface to monitor brain activity or control a rehabilitative exoskeleton.

Conclusions
The Kalman decoder showed increased accuracies as the longitudinal training intervention progressed in the stroke participants. These results demonstrate the feasibility of studying changes in patterns of neuroelectric cortical activity during poststroke rehabilitation and represent the first step in developing a brain-machine interface for controlling powered exoskeletons.
Endoscopic versus Open In Situ Cubital Tunnel Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis of 655 Patients
Authors: Buchanan Patrick J. , Chieng Lee O. , Hubbard Zachary S. , Law Tsun Y. , Chim Harvey 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common peripheral entrapment syndrome. To date, there is no true consensus on the ideal surgical management. A minimally invasive, endoscopic approach has gained popularity but has not been adequately compared to the more traditional, open approach.

Methods:
With compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review was performed to identify studies published between 1990 and 2016 that compared the efficacy of endoscopic cubital tunnel release to open cubital tunnel release. A meta-analysis was then performed through a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting to calculate I
2 values for heterogeneity analysis. Forest plots were constructed for each analysis group.

Results:
Five studies involving 655 patients (endoscopic cubital tunnel release, n = 226; open cubital tunnel release, n = 429) were included. Meta-analysis revealed no significant superiority of open release in achieving an “excellent” or “good” Bishop score (OR, 1.27; 95 percent CI, 0.59 to 2.75; p = 0.54) and reduction in visual analogue scale score (mean difference, −0.41; 95 percent CI, −1.49 to 0.67; p = 0.46). However, in the endoscopic release cohort, lower rates of new-onset scar tenderness/elbow pain were found (OR, 0.19; 95 percent CI, 0.07 to 0.53; p = 0.002), but there was a higher incidence of postoperative hematomas (OR, 5.70; 95 percent CI, 1.20 to 27.03; p = 0.03). The reoperation rate in the endoscopic and open release groups was 4.9 and 4.1 percent, respectively (p = 0.90).

Conclusions:
The authors demonstrated equivalent overall clinical improvement between endoscopic and open cubital tunnel release in terms of Bishop score and visual analogue scale score reduction. Because of the low power of most studies, further investigations with a larger patient population and longer follow-up are needed to better characterize the role of endoscopic cubital tunnel release.
Reliability of Color Doppler Ultrasound Imaging for the Assessment of Anterolateral Thigh Flap Perforators: A Prospective Study of 30 Perforators
Authors: Debelmas Alexandre , Camuzard Olivier , Aguilar Paola , Qassemyar Quentin 
Published: February 2018

Summary:
Despite numerous advantages, the anterolateral thigh perforator flap suffers from the variable position and nature of its perforators. The aim of the authors’ study was to assess the reliability of preoperative color Doppler ultrasound imaging for the exploration of perforator location and course of anterolateral thigh perforator flaps. A prospective cohort study involving patients for whom head and neck reconstruction was planned with thin anterolateral thigh perforator flaps was conducted. Each patient underwent a color Doppler ultrasound exploration of the thighs, in the operating room, immediately before surgery. The sonographer was the surgeon who raised the flaps. Perforators were sought according to surgical needs, and the same location protocol was followed for all of the cases, using an orthonormal coordinate system to report the passages of the perforators through the vastus lateralis aponeurosis. Between January of 2016 and January of 2017, 22 thin anterolateral thigh perforator flaps were successfully harvested. Thirty perforators were located and used. The median distance between the preoperative color Doppler ultrasound planning and the final location of the perforators was 5 mm, statistically smaller than a 10-mm threshold (p = 0.002). Color Doppler ultrasound effectively predicted the nature of the perforators in 90 percent of the cases. The median duration for perforator color Doppler ultrasound location was 3 minutes, statistically shorter than 10 minutes (p = 0.0001). Preoperative color Doppler ultrasound seems to be reliable, accurate, and compatible with a quick routine assessment during patient setup for the elevation of thin anterolateral thigh perforator flaps.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Diagnostic, II.
Evaluating Trends in Headache and Revision Surgery following Cranial Vault Remodeling for Craniosynostosis
Authors: Pellicer Elena , Siebold Babette S. , Birgfeld Craig B. , Gallagher Emily R. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The recommended treatment for craniosynostosis, is cranial vault expansion to prevent increased intracranial pressure and optimize developmental outcomes. Some patients complain about postoperative headaches and occasionally require revision to treat increased intracranial pressure. This study examines whether specific factors are associated with an increased risk of postoperative headaches or intracranial hypertension.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort included patients with craniosynostosis from 1995 and 2010. Primary outcomes included headaches and delayed intracranial hypertension. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations with clinical characteristics.

Results:
The cohort included 383 patients, of whom 127 (33 percent) complained of headaches. The positive predictive value of a headache indicating intracranial hypertension was only 9.4 percent among all patients and 6.7 percent among patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Headaches occurring in the morning, more than once per week, and associated with nausea, vomiting, or decreased activity level were most likely to be associated with delayed intracranial hypertension. Only 21 patients (6 percent) required revision surgery, and these patients were more likely to have syndromic craniosynostosis (OR, 5.6; 95 percent CI, 2.1 to 14.9), Chiari malformation (OR, 5.8; 95 percent CI, 1.7 to 19.5), or secondary craniosynostosis (additional sutures fused on the 2-year postoperative CT scan) (OR, 5.4; 95 percent CI, 2.2 to 13.5).

Conclusions:
Headaches are common after cranial vault remodeling but are not very predictive of who will need revision surgery for intracranial hypertension. Patients with specific headache characteristics, syndromic craniosynostosis, secondary synostosis, and Chiari malformations have the highest risk of developing delayed intracranial hypertension.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, III.
Total HIV-1 DNA Dynamics and Influencing Factors in Long-Term ART-Treated Japanese Adults: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Stanoeva Kamelia R. , König André , Fukuda Asami , Kawanami Yoko , Kuwata Takeo , Satou Yorifumi , Matsushita Shuzo 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Understanding HIV persistence in treated patients is an important milestone toward drug-free control. We aimed at analyzing total HIV DNA dynamics and influencing factors in Japanese patients who received more than a decade of suppressive antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Methods:
A retrospective study including clinical records and 840 peripheral blood mononuclear cells samples (mean 14 samples/patient) for 59 patients (92% male) was performed. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: with and without hematological comorbidity (mainly hemophilia) plus hepatitis C virus coinfection. Total HIV DNA was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The dynamics, regression over time, and influence of antiretrovirals by group were estimated using a novel regression model (R software v 3.2.3).

Results:
Total HIV DNA decreased on ART initiation, and subsequently, its dynamics varied between groups with previously undescribed fluctuations. If calculated by on-treatment, the mean total HIV DNA levels were similar. The comorbidity group had unstable levels showing different regression over time (P = 0.088/0.094 in year 1/after year 8 of ART) and significantly different treatment responses as shown by antiretroviral group switching estimates. Furthermore, curing hepatitis C virus in hemophiliacs did not significantly alter total HIV DNA levels or regression.

Conclusions:
Our data identified some effects of the long-term treatment on total HIV DNA levels and highlighted the partial influence of comorbidities and coinfections. Total HIV DNA monitoring contributed to therapy response estimates and HIV reservoir quantification. The results suggest that HIV DNA monitoring during ART might be useful as a persistence marker in both HIV-monoinfected patients and those with comorbidities and coinfections.
Bronchiectasis update
Authors: O’Donnell Anne E. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose of review
Bronchiectasis, once thought to be an orphan disease, is being diagnosed with increased frequency in the United States and around the world. The present review aims to provide an update on recent publications on the diagnosis and management of bronchiectasis.

Recent findings
Two large bronchiectasis patient registries have published initial reports regarding demographics and other patient data in 2017. Updates on the microbiology, microbiome, and inflammation in patients with bronchiectasis are clarifying the complexities of airway infection in this disease. A consensus definition of ‘exacerbation’ in bronchiectasis has been agreed upon this year. Reports on novel treatments, including the repurposing of older therapies, have also been published in 2016–2017. A new European guideline for the management of adult bronchiectasis is also now available.

Summary
Bronchiectasis, a resurgent disease, is now being better defined with a rapidly expanding portfolio of demographic, clinical, and therapeutic research and publications.
Surgical Management of Large Periorbital Cutaneous Defects
Authors: Zou Yun , Hu Li , Tremp Mathias , Jin Yunbo , Chen Hui , Ma Gang , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The aim of this study was to repair large periorbital cutaneous defects by an innovative technique called PEPSI (periorbital elevation and positioning with secret incisions) technique with functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Methods
In this retrospective study, unilateral periorbital cutaneous defects in 15 patients were repaired by the PEPSI technique. The ages of patients ranged from 3 to 46 years (average, 19 years). The outcome evaluations included scars (Vancouver Scar Scale and visual analog scale score), function and aesthetic appearance of eyelids, and patient satisfaction. The repair size was measured by the maximum advancement distance of skin flap during operation.

Results
All patients achieved an effective repair with a mean follow-up of 18.3 months. Except one with a small (approximately 0.3 cm2) necrosis, all patients healed with no complication. The mean Vancouver Scar Scale and visual analog scale scores were 2.1 ± 1.7 and 8.5 ± 1.2, respectively. Ideal cosmetic and functional outcomes were achieved in 14 patients (93.3%). All patients achieved complete satisfaction except 1 patient with partial satisfaction. The mean maximum advancement distance of skin flap was 20.2 mm (range, 8–50 mm).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the PEPSI technique is an effective method to repair large periorbital cutaneous defects with acceptable functional and aesthetic outcomes.
Reducing Prominent Mandibular Angle Osteotomy Complications
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Sun Jiaming , Wang Jiecong 
Published: February 2018

Background
Several methods are available for mandibular reduction, and each method is characterized by unique limitations and complications. However, only a few studies have systematically analyzed these complications. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the outcome of performing curved mandibular angle ostectomy and outer cortex grinding in 1-stage operation and to examine the causes of different types and characteristics of complications.

Methods
The subjects consisted of 528 patients who were subjected to curved mandibular angle ostectomy and outer cortex grinding in 1-stage operation through an intraoral approach. Surgical complications and related factors were recorded, and the rates of complication according to surgeons were simultaneously evaluated.

Results
The esthetic appearance of all of the patients was significantly improved, and they were satisfied with the results of the operation. The complication rate was 5.87%. No serious complications, such as subcondylar fracture, massive bleeding, permanent facial nerve, or asymmetry, occurred. Some complications, including 4 cases of hematoma, 4 cases of severe swelling, 2 cases of infection, and 1 case of sagging face, were detected. The absolute complication rate among faculty members ranged from 3.5% to 11.1%.

Conclusions
Our protocol is an effective method for mandibular angle osteotomy with very few complications. The rate of complications can be effectively reduced, and some serious complications can be avoided because protective measures are improved.
Single-Piece Titanium Plate Cranioplasty Reconstruction of Complex Defects
Authors: Luo Joseph , Morrison David Anthony , Hayes Alex John , Bala Arul , Watts Guy 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Different methods have been described for the reconstruction of cranial defects and orbital defects. The complex contouring between the orbital roof and frontal bone creates significant design challenges for prefabricated cranio-orbital reconstructions. In describing the first reported patient of combined skull and orbital roof reconstruction with a single-piece titanium plate cranioplasty, the authors present a new method of combined complex cranio-orbital reconstruction.

Methods:
A 63-year-old lady presented with a large, right-sided frontal en–plaque meningioma involving the right orbit and sphenoid wing. Complete resection would require reconstruction of both the skull and the orbital roof. Surgical preplanning involved marking resection margins on a three-dimensional (3D) printed acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene model. This margin was used to virtually resect the tumor and generate a repaired surface. A titanium plate was then fabricated using hydrostatic pressing into a 3D-printed mold and the orbital roof portion (a reentrant surface) was hand-finished. Lateral canthus and temporalis muscle suspension holes were prefabricated into the cranioplasty plate.

Results:
The patient underwent hemicraniectomy and tumor resection guided by a custom-made 3D-printed cutting guide. The surgical defect was reconstructed with the prefabricated titanium plate achieving a good functional and cosmetic result.

Conclusion:
Single-piece titanium plate cranioplasty is an effective novel reconstruction method for complex cranio-orbital defects.
Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Johns Alexis L. , Hershfield Jennifer A. , Seifu Netsanet Mulugeta , Haynes Karla A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study describes postpartum depression rates and risk factors for mothers with infants with cleft lip and/or palate as postpartum depression has been associated with a range of negative maternal and child outcomes. A retrospective chart review from August 2009 to May 2015 included medical diagnoses, demographics, receipt of prenatal diagnosis, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Mothers (N = 206) had infants (59.2% male; mean age in weeks 5.1 ± 6.9) with isolated cleft lip (18%), cleft palate (22.8%), or cleft lip and palate (59.2%). Mothers ranged from 16 to 45 years old (mean age 29 ± 6.2) and half had received a prenatal diagnosis. Patients mostly had public insurance (57.8%) and represented diverse ethnicities. Based on the EPDS, 11.7% of mothers met the depression cutoff of 10 or higher. The majority endorsed self-blame (68.9%), difficulty coping (59.2%), and feeling anxious (57.3%). Mothers of infants with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate who did not receive a prenatal diagnosis had higher total EPDS scores, anxiety, and incidence of feeling scared. Higher EPDS scores were predicted by not having a prenatal diagnosis and by older maternal age. Mothers of infants with a cleft had similar rates of postpartum depression as the general population; however, those who were older and who did not receive a prenatal diagnosis endorsed more symptoms. Prenatal diagnosis may contribute to positive maternal postpartum adjustment. Providers should incorporate screening for risk factors into their evaluation and treatment planning.
Anatomical and Radiological Investigation of Dry Bone Adult Mandibles Having Impacted Third Molar Teeth
Authors: Cirpan Sibel , Kumbuloglu Ovul , Yonguc Goksin Nilufer , Sayhan Salih , Bulut Burcu , Güvençer Mustafa 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To investigate the incidence of the impacted mandibular third molars in dry bones adult mandibles.

Methods:
The 198 dry bones adult mandibles gathered from the bone collections in Laboratory of the Anatomy Department of Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine were macroscopically examined for the presence of impacted mandibular third molars. The genders of the adult bones were unknown. The adult mandibles having impacted third molars were photographed with Canon 400B (55 mm objective). The mandibles having impacted third molars were also radiographically examined with orthopantomography (a dental radiographic technique, kV 60, mA 2.0) in radiology unit of Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University. The impacted teeth were grouped according to their position and degree of impaction.

Results:
The each of 2 of 198 adult mandibles (2/198; 1.01%) was having an impacted 3rd molar teeth. These 2 molar teeth were belonged to class 1, B and partially buried, vertically oriented. The first impacted 3rd molar teeth was located on the left side of the one mandible and the second one on the right side of the other mandible.

Conclusion:
The present study provides information about impacted mandibular 3rd molar in dry bones.
Retracted or Withdrawn Publications in Journals Relating to Plastic Surgery
Authors: Hwang Kun , Wu XiaJing 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine how many papers have been retracted or withdrawn, and for what reason, in journals relating to plastic surgery.
PubMed and SCOPUS were used, with the search terms (retracted OR withdrawn) AND (article OR publication OR paper) AND {(plastic surgery) OR (cosmetic surgery) OR (maxillofacial surgery) OR (craniofacial surgery)}. The papers were analyzed and classified according to the reason for retraction or withdrawal, journal name, publication year, and author. In the PubMed and SCOPUS, 227 and 114 titles were found, respectively, from which 34 duplicate titles were removed. An additional 261 titles which did not include “retracted” or “withdrawn” were removed, leaving 46 papers and 6 mined papers were added. The 52 full texts (42 “retracted” and 10 “withdrawn”) were analyzed.
The most frequent reason for retraction or withdrawal was duplication (17, 32.7%) followed by the author's request (9, 17.3%), plagiarism (7, 13.5%), and lack of permission (5, 9.6%). Retraction was most common in Plast Reconstr Surg (6, 12%) followed by Aesthetic Plast Surg (4, 7.9%), Ann Plast Surg (2, 3.9%), J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg (2, 3.9%), and Surg Res (2, 3.9%). Most authors retracted a paper just once; however, 6 authors retracted a paper twice or more. The first retraction was found in 1991, and the number of retractions showed a tendency to increase over time. However, the duplication rate did not change over time (R
2 = 0.178, P = 0.117).
Journal reviewers, as well as production editors, should check for duplication, plagiarism, or permission-related problems.
Respiratory Obstruction Due to Richards Type 4 Fracture
Authors: Pires Willian Ricardo , Santos Gabriel Mulinari , Reis Erik Neiva Ribeiro de Carvalho , de Oliva André Hergesel , Jacob Ricardo Garcia Mureb , Faverani Leonardo Perez , Souza Francisley Ávila , Júnior Idelmo Rangel Garcia 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Facial fractures can be potentially fatal in polytraumatized patients due to retropositioning tissues to upper airway obstruction. In the first aids, this situation can be reversed using a tracheostomy procedure to break out the airways. However, fractures leading to airway obstruction are rare and according to Richards Classification can be classified into 5 types. The purpose of this article is to report a clinical patient with a bilateral condylar and mandibular symphysis fractures that resulted in airway obstruction and severe mandibular rear projection.
Early Tarsorrhaphy in Conjunctival Chemosis After Orbit Bone Reconstruction
Authors: Deng Yuan , Li Zhengkang 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
Chemosis is a common occurrence after orbital reconstruction surgery by the transconjunctival approach. The authors propose an early tarsorrhaphy approach for treating severe conjunctival chemosis following orbital fracture repair.

Methods:
All severe conjunctival chemosis patients following orbital fracture repair were divided into 2 groups: tarsorrhaphy performed immediately when the eyelids could not close completely due to prominent conjunctival edema (early tarsorrhaphy, n = 10); and tarsorrhaphy performed 3 days after the appearance of severe chemosis (delayed tarsorrhaphy, n = 10). Once the conjunctiva subsided, the sutures were immediately removed. The duration of conjunctival edema was recorded.

Results:
The average time to resolution of severe chemosis was significantly shorter in the early versus delayed tarsorrhaphy group (3.5 ± 0.5 versus 7.2 ± 1.73 days, P < 0.05). No recurrence of conjunctival edema occurred in any patient 4 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:
Early temporary tarsorrhaphy is a fast and effective method for the treatment of conjunctival chemosis following orbital fracture surgery. The sooner eyelid suturing is performed, the faster conjunctival chemosis will subside.