bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of metamorphism and metasomatism on manganese mineralogy: Examples from the Transvaal Supergroup
Authors: Johnson J.E. , Webb S.M. , Condit C.B. , Beukes N.J. , Fischer W.W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractManganese-bearing minerals in ancient strata provide a particularly informative record of the redox potentials of ancient Earth surface environments due to the high specificity of species that can oxidize Mn(II). However, little is known about how this sedimentary archive might have been altered by processes occurring long after lithification, including the effects of metamorphism, fluid mobilization, and metasomatism. We investigated Mn mineralization across known metamorphic gradients in the Kaapvaal craton, South Africa, in Archean and early Paleoproterozoic age carbonate-, shale-, and iron formation-bearing marine strata. We sampled contemporaneous strata that record the drowning of the Campbellrand-Malmani carbonate platform and a transition to iron formation deposition in a range of localities, from two metamorphosed (greenschist and above, affected by the intrusion of the Bushveld igneous complex) and four better-preserved (sub-greenschist) deep subsurface drill cores. To evaluate the geochemistry and mineralization tied directly to petrographic textures and cross-cutting relationships, we combined bulk geochemistry with light and electron microscopy and synchrotron microprobe X-ray absorption spectroscopy and imaging to produce Mn speciation maps at the requisite micrometer length scales for these textures. Samples with lesser degrees of post-depositional transformation contained minor amounts of Mn(II) in early diagenetic marine carbonate cements and detrital carbonate grains, while metamorphosed samples typically contained Mn concentrated into a combination of coarse-grained and vein-filling carbonate phases (ankerite, siderite, and rhodochrosite), garnet and amphibole. Chemical imaging analyses of these more metamorphosed samples show that Mn is held by phases and textures that mineralized post-deposition and lithification, demonstrating that Mn was mobilized – at least locally – by metasomatic fluids, although it is difficult to distinguish whether this Mn was original to these strata or was introduced secondarily. Our results confirm that Mn can be mobilized and therefore caution should be applied when interpreting Mn enrichments in sedimentary rocks, especially when Mn enrichment is not geographically extensive and coincides with metamorphic processes.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Enzim α – Amilase pada Hidrolisis Pati Labu Jepang (Kabocha)
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri 
Published: June 2019

<p class="StyleE-JournalKeywordsNotItalic">Labu Jepang <em>(Kabocha) </em>merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan gula glukosa karena memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang cukup tinggi yakni senilai 13%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi enzim <em>α-amilase</em> pada hidrolisis enzimatis labu jepang <em>(Kabocha)</em>. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui 4 tahap yakni pelarutan, likuifikasi, sakarifikasi, dan pemucatan. Pada tahap likuifikasi pati diubah menjadi dekstrin oleh enzim <em>α–amilase</em> dengan kombinasi perlakuan faktorial 3 x 3 yang terdiri dari 3 kali pengulangan pada satu perlakuan variasi konsentrasi enzim 0,01%, 0,02% dan 0,03% berat kering bahan. Analisa kuantitatif gula reduksi diperoleh dengan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis menggunakan pereaksi Iodium pada panjang gelombang (λ) 348 nm. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisis pati menghasilkan kadar gula reduksi terbaik dengan penggunaan enzim 0,03% berat kering bahan dengan waktu hidrolisis selama 120 menit.</p>
Autorstwo i prawa autorskie do relacji oral history w Polsce
Authors: Kucharski Wojciech 
Published: June 2019

Artykuł jest próbą określenia autorskoprawnej kwalifikacji relacji oral history w polskim systemie prawnym. Autor odpowiada na pytania: czy relacja oral history jest utworem, kim jest autor relacji oraz jakie przesłanki należy spełnić, aby stać się autorem relacji w rozumieniu prawa autorskiego; z jakimi autorskimi prawami mamy do czynienia w przypadku relacji; kto dysponuje prawami autorskimi do relacji i w jakim zakresie; w jaki sposób kwestia praw autorskich funkcjonuje w praktyce działań instytucji zajmujących się zbieraniem i archiwizowaniem relacji oral history.
DIPLOMACIA MILITAR MEXICANA: IMPORTANCIA Y APORTE A FAVOR DE LA SEGURIDAD Y DEFENSA NACIONALES EN EL SIGLO XXI
Authors: De Haas Matamoros María Araceli 
Published: June 2019

En el artículo, se aborda la temática de la diplomacia militar, entendida como una sinergia del poder militar con la diplomacia, con el fin de garantizar la defensa del Estado ante los riesgos y amenazas de seguridad del siglo XXI.De igual forma, se presenta un concepto que pueda definir la diplomacia militar mexicana y se exponen sus ámbitos de aplicación al año 2019, además de identificar las acciones que le conceden una creciente importancia. Se finaliza con una serie de recomendaciones para vigorizar las acciones de la diplomacia militar mexicana para la seguridad y defensa nacionales.
Kajian Eksergi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas (Studi Kasus di PT. Indonesia Power Up Perak-Grati)
Authors: Sundari Putri , Rudiyanto Bayu , Hariyono Budi 
Published: July 2019

This research discusses an energy and exergy analysis of a 112,45 MW gas turbine power generation system. The exergy of a material stream is divided into physical and chemical exergyand evaluated on each state. The results of this study reveal that the highest exergy destruction occurs in combustion chamber (65,81%), where the large temperature difference is the major source of the irreversibility. The exergy destruction in turbine gas and compressor was found 26,62% and 7,57% respectively. The effect of various gas turbine load and ambient temperature to the system’s performance were also studied. The result shows that increasing gas turbine loadgives positif effecton the exergy efficiency of the cycle as well as the components compressor and combustion chamber. Increasing ambient temperature givesnegatif effect, bywhich exergy efficiency of cycle was decreasing. Accordingly, cooling of the compressor inlet air is considered as the solution to this problem.Penelitian ini membahas analisis energi dan eksergi pada sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga gas berkapasitas 112,45 MW. Laju aliran eksergi dibagi menjadi dua komponen yaitu eksergi fisik dan eksergi kimia yang dievaluasi pada masing-masing keadaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemusnahan eksergi terbesar terjadi di ruang bakar (68,61%), dimana perbedaan temperatur yang besar merupakan sumber utama terjadinya irreversibilitas. Sedangkan pemusnahan eksergi pada turbin gas dan kompresor masing- masing sebesar 26,62% dan 7,57%. Pada penelitian ini juga membahas pengaruh dari tingkat pembebanan dan suhu udara lingkungan untuk mengetahui perubahan performa yang dihasilkan. Hasil dari variasi pembebanan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan beban turbin gas berpengaruh positif terhadap efisiensi siklus maupun komponennya, yaitu kompresor dan ruang bakar. Peningkatan suhu udara lingkungan berdampak sebaliknya, dimana efisiensi siklus mengalami penurunan pada suhu udara lingkungan yang lebih tinggi. Sehingga untuk mengendalikan faktor tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pendinginan suhu udara masuk kompresor.Keywords: energy, exergy, exergy efficiency, Gas Turbine Power Plant.
PENERAPAN CYLINDRICAL DAN FLEXIBLE SPACE TIME SCAN STATISTIC DALAM MENGIDENTIFIKASI KANTONG KEMISKINAN DI PULAU JAWA TAHUN 2011-2015
Authors: Nurrusydah Zaima , Erfiani Erfiani , Sartono Bagus 
Published: June 2019

The Indonesian government formed the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K) to eradicate poverty. TNP2K requires identification of priority areas or poverty hotspots so that the program can be targeted. Scan statistic is one of the most widely used methods to identify poverty hotspots. Cylindrical STSS uses cylindrical scanning windows while most geographical areas are not circular. Flexible STSS is able to detect poverty hotspots in a flexible form. This study aims to identify poverty hotspots using Cylindrical and Flexible STSS then compare the results of both and then determine the best STSS method. Cylindrical STSS tends to have wider hotspots than Flexible STSS. There are a number of districts that are not eligible to be included as poverty Flexible STSS is able to produce better poverty hotspots by not including these districts Poverty hotspots produced by Flexible STSS have higher LLR values. The more suitable STSS method has optimal K values and high suitability with TNP2K priority areas. Cylindrical STSS has an optimal K value when K = 8 and 9. Flexible STSS has a constant LLR value. Flexible STSS has a higher LLR value than Cylindrical STSS at each K value. Flexible STSS with K = 9 has optimal K and high suitability with TNP2K priority areas so that it is the more suitable STSS method to identify poverty hotspots in Java.
Saúde digital: interseções entre a pesquisa científica e sua midiatização
Authors: Brasileiro Lermen Alessandra De Falco 
Published: June 2019

Este ensaio apresenta a relação entre as divulgações científicas e as jornalísticas sobre saúde digital, utilizando como base metodológica a midiatização e as textualidades midiáticas. Foi possível demonstrar a similaridade entre os produtos e serviços estudados/divulgados. Os temas em voga foram Internet das coisas, aplicativos, dispositivos vestíveis, Inteligência Artificial, Big Data e robótica. Enquanto nos artigos científicos são apontadas vantagens e desvantagens das aplicações tecnológicas, sendo mais críticos, na mídia especializada valorizam-se as vantagens.
Akumulasi Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Eclipta prostrata, Synedrella nodiflora, dan Tridax procumbens yang Tumbuh Liar Di Sisi Jalan Raya Bogor
Authors: Rahmadina Amara , Yuniati Ratna , Salamah Andi 
Published: June 2019

Eclipta prostrata, Synedrella nodiflora, dan Tridax procumbens ditemukan tumbuh liar di sisi Jalan Raya Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Pb dan Cd pada tanah, akar, dan tunas (aerial parts) E. prostrata, S. nodiflora, dan T. procumbens yang tumbuh liar di sisi Jalan Raya Bogor, serta untuk mengetahui mekanisme fitoremediasi pada ketiga tanaman tersebut sebagai kandidat fitoremediator. Analisis kandungan Pb dan Cd pada tanah dan tanaman dilakukan dengan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Konsentrasi Pb dan Cd di tanah berkisar dari 2,72-103,38 mg/kg untuk Pb dan tidak terdeteksi hingga 0,08 mg/kg untuk Cd. Konsentrasi Pb tertinggi pada akar E. prostrata, S. nodiflora dan, T. procumbens berturut-turut 17,79 mg/kg, 14,53 mg/kg, dan 62,14 mg/kg, sedangkan pada tunas berturut-turut 4,91 mg/kg, 8,84 mg/kg, dan 6,08 mg/kg. Konsentrasi Cd tertinggi pada akar E. prostrata, S. nodiflora dan, T. procumbens berturut-turut 0,56 mg/kg, 0,23 mg/kg, dan 0,26 mg/kg, sedangkan pada tunas berturut-turut 0,29 mg/kg, 0,25 mg/kg, dan 0,45 mg/kg. Berdasarkan nilai Translocation Factor (TF), Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) dan Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) pada ketiga tanaman tersebut, mekanisme yang cenderung digunakan E. prostrata, S. nodiflora, dan T. procumbens untuk penyerapan Pb, serta E. prostrata dan S. nodiflora untuk penyerapan Cd adalah fitostabilisasi, sedangkan T. procumbens terhadap logam Cd berpotensi digunakan untuk fitoekstraksi
Video Sanatının Düşünce Sinemasına Etkisi
Authors: ÖZGEN Kurtuluş 
Published: June 2019

Video sanatı; 1960'lı yılların başında,
bir grup sanatçının (Yeni Gerçekçiler ve Fluxus kümelenmeleri) iktidarın egemen
gücünün görüntüsü ve sesi olan televizyona[1]
karşı “video imajını” itiraz-muhalefet-isyan aracı olarak kullanmaya
başlamaları ile doğar. Videoyu bir sanat nesnesi olarak fotoğraf, sinema ve
televizyonun 'melez çocuğu' olarak tanımlamak mümkündür.

Video sanatında, sanatçı izleyiciyi (deneyimleyiciyi)
sanat sürecinin içine başat bir aktör olarak davet eder. Deneyimleyici çalışmanın
içinde aktif rol aldığının çoğu zaman farkındadır. Video sanatı ancak
deneyimleyicinin fail konumu ile
tamamlanır. Video sanatında deneyimleyici, seyretme (pasif ve hülyalı bir
röntgenleme deneyimi) eylemini terk edip; düşüncesi, yorumu ve bedeni ile sanat
sürecinin yaratıcı ortağı haline gelir.

Düşünce sineması da büyülü-hülyalı
seyir deneyimi sunan ve izleyiciyi özellikle pasif bir tüketiciye indirgeyen
ana akım (ticari) sinemaya karşı (muhalif) pozisyon alır. Düşünce sineması kümelenmesi içinde
tanımlanan filmler de seyirciden video sanatındakine benzer bir pedagoji talep
ederler. Seyircilerin film deneyimi sırasında (ve sonrasında) aktif olarak
düşünmesi ve sorgulaması amaçlanır.

Bu makalede video sanatının seyredeni deneyimleyiciye
dönüştürmesinin (günümüz) düşünce sinemasının seyirci ile kurduğu ilişkiye olan
etkisi tartışılacaktır.

[1] Televizyon iktidarın, egemen gücün
görüntüsü ve sesi yani merkez propaganda aracı haline gelir. Televizyonu bir
güç olarak elinde tutan iktidara gelir ya da iktidarını kalıcı kılar. Bu ilişki
ticari, politik ve estetik kulvarları olan bir ilişkidir (Bozkurt, 2005: 80).
Fracture Resistance of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Kaufman J. Gilbert 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article discusses the concepts underlying linear elastic fracture mechanics and elastic-plastic fracture mechanics as well as their importance in characterizing the fracture behavior of the high-strength aluminum alloys. It describes the three methods used for analyzing elastic-plastic fracture, namely R-curve concept, J-integral concept, and crack tip opening displacement method. The article considers the primary measures used to assess the toughness of aluminum alloy castings and wrought alloys: notch toughness, tear resistance, and plane-strain fracture toughness.
Investigating Students’ Philosophic-Mindedness through Their Producing Philosophical Questions: Hindering and Facilitating Factors
Authors: Shahini Gholamhossein , Zahra Nouri  
Published: July 2019

Given the crucial role philosophical thinking can serve in enhancing the cultivation of mind, it seems urgent that prior to nurturing such thinking its status be investigated within individuals in various educational contexts. Moreover, since philosophy is characteristically a question-raising discipline, one way one’s philosophic-mindedness can be investigated is to see if s/he is capable to cast a philosophical look at a text and in turn pose philosophical questions on it. Hence, the present paper aims at a) exploring the participants’ ability in making philosophical questions and b) finding out factors leading to producing and not-producing such questions. To this end, through accessible sampling, a group of 50 BA sophomore and junior students in an EFL context attended this study. The participants were asked to read two simple short passages and make any type of question(s) (text-based, beyond the text, etc.) that would occur to their mind in essay-type format. Then, using purposeful sampling, 17 out of 50 were selected for an open interview. Based on Cam’s (2006) question framework, the findings revealed that the majority of the participants were not able to produce philosophical questions and the factors leading to generating non-philosophical questions were memorization-based system, teacher-centered curriculum, non-liberal atmosphere of classes, unsuitable family environment, weak performance of mass media, irrational social customs, etc. On the contrary, the factors giving rise to producing philosophical questions were innate disposition towards thinking, introversion, appropriate family environment, proper nurturing conditions, adequate method of teaching, etc. Furthermore, the technique of question-making and question-analysis together with a question framework are introduced to be employed for realizing philosophic-mindedness. Finally, Philosophy-based Language Teaching is suggested as an approach for removing the obstacles to philosophical thinking.
Qu’est-ce qui motive [ou non] les étudiants en médecine à choisir comme spécialité la médecine d’urgence ?
Authors: Pelaccia T. , Roy P.-M. , Douillet D. , Bilbault P. , Abbiati M. 
Published: June 2019

Objectif : Le diplôme d’études spécialisées de médecine d’urgence a été créé en France à la rentrée universitaire 2017. En 2018, 21 postes ont été laissés vacants aux épreuves classantes nationales (ECN). Cette étude avait pour but d’identifier les raisons pour lesquelles les étudiants souhaitent ou non choisir la médecine d’urgence, ainsi que leur motivation pour cette spécialité.
Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons mené une étude observationnelle prospective et monocentrique. Tous les étudiants du premier et du deuxième cycle de la faculté de médecine de Strasbourg ont été sollicités entre 2017 et en 2018. Des questionnaires ont été autoadministrés en présentiel ou en ligne afin de recueillir le type de spécialisation envisagé, le degré de motivation des répondants pour devenir médecin urgentiste et l’influence de différents facteurs motivationnels sur leur volonté ou non de choisir la médecine d’urgence aux ECN.
Résultats : Sept pour cent des étudiants de première année de médecine souhaitent choisir la médecine d’urgence comme spécialité. Ils ne sont plus qu’un pour cent en sixième année. Le mode de vie est considéré de façon croissante entre le début et la fin des études prégraduées comme particulièrement dissuasif. La variété des pathologies rencontrées et le défi intellectuel sont des facteurs attractifs et stables.
Conclusion : L’attractivité de la médecine d’urgence pourrait être renforcée en communiquant auprès des étudiants en médecine de deuxième cycle sur les facteurs sources de motivation et en poursuivant la réflexion visant à améliorer la qualité de vie des médecins urgentistes.
Patients présentant un syndrome coronarien aigu avec sus-décalage du segment ST admis en structure d’urgence après régulation par un Centre 15
Authors: Cachera D. , Balen F. , Charpentier S. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction : La cardiopathie ischémique est une des principales causes de mortalité en Europe. Cette mortalité importante est l’apanage particulier des syndromes coronariens avec élévation du segment ST (SCA ST+). Si la prise en charge préhospitalière de ces patients (de l’appel à la table de coronarographie) est sous la responsabilité des Samu, certains patients échappent à la filière malgré un appel au Centre 15. Notre objectif était de décrire ces patients porteurs d’un SCA ST+, admis en structure d’urgence (SU) après régulation par un Centre 15.
Méthode : Il s’agit d’une étude observationnelle de cohorte rétrospective incluant tous les patients admis en SU du CHU de Toulouse du 1er avril 2015 au 31 janvier 2017 avec un diagnostic final de SCA ST+.
Résultats : Sur les 139 patients qui ont été admis en SU pour SCA ST+, 96 (69 %) avaient contacté le Centre 15. Les dossiers de 89 patients ont été analysés. On retrouve une importante proportion de patientes de plus de 75 ans, qui représentent un quart de la population. Seulement 30 patients (34 %) présentaient une douleur typique.
Discussion : Notre étude retrouve un taux de douleurs atypiques et une proportion de femmes âgées plus importante que la littérature portant sur la description des patients porteurs de SCA ST+. Ces atypies de présentation peuvent expliquer la difficulté à réguler et orienter ces patients.
Clinical outcome after decompression of intraneural peroneal ganglion cyst and its morphologic correlation to postoperative nerve ultrasound
Authors: Knoll Andreas , Pal’a Andrej , Pedro Maria-Teresa , Bäzner Ute , Schneider Max , König Ralph W. , Wirtz Christian Rainer , Friedrich Sarah , Pauly Markus , Antoniadis Gregor 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVEIntraneural ganglion cysts are rare and benign mucinous lesions that affect peripheral nerves, most frequently the common peroneal nerve (CPN). The precise pathophysiological mechanisms of intraneural ganglion cyst development remain unclear. A well-established theory suggests the spread of mucinous fluid along the articular branch of the peroneal nerve as the underlying mechanism. Clinical outcome following decompression of intraneural ganglion cysts has been demonstrated to be excellent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical outcome and ultrasound-detected morphological nerve features following decompression of intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN.METHODSData were retrospectively analyzed from 20 patients who underwent common peroneal nerve ganglion cyst decompression surgery at the Universität Ulm/Günzburg Neurosurgery Department between October 2003 and October 2017. Postoperative clinical outcome was evaluated by assessment of the muscular strength of the anterior tibial muscle, the extensor hallucis longus muscle, and the peroneus muscle according to the Medical Research Council grading system. Hypesthesia was measured by sensation testing. In all patients, postoperative morphological assessment of the peroneal nerve was conducted between October 2016 and October 2017 using the iU22 Philips Medical ultrasound system at the last routine follow-up appointment. Finally, the correlations between morphological changes in nerve ultrasound and postoperative clinical outcomes were evaluated.RESULTSDuring the postoperative ultrasound scan an intraneural hypoechogenic ring structure located at the medial side of the peroneal nerve was detected in 15 (75%) of 20 patients, 14 of whom demonstrated an improvement in motor function. A regular intraneural fasicular structure was identified in 3 patients (15%), who also reported recovery. In 1 patient, a recurrent cyst was detected, and 1 patient showed intraneural fibrosis for which recovery did not occur in the year following the procedure. Two patients (10%) developed neuropathic pain that could not be explained by nerve ultrasound findings.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study demonstrate significant recovery from preoperative weakness after decompression of intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN. A favorable clinical outcome was highly correlated with an intraneural hypoechogenic ring-shaped structure on the medial side of the CPN identified during a follow-up postoperative ultrasound scan. These study results indicate the potential benefit of ultrasound scanning as a prognostic tool following decompression procedures for intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN.