bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation of source gate workfunction on the performance of dual material gate rectangular recessed channel SOI‐MOSFET
Authors: Mishra Sikha , Bhanja Urmila , Mishra Guru Prasad 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper attempts to propose a new device as workfunction modulated dual metal rectangular recessed channel silicon on insulator (WMDMRRC‐SOI) MOSFET. This model takes the advantage of recessed channel to reduce the hot‐carrier effect and a linear variation of workfunction at source side metal gate to achieve improved threshold voltage and electron transportation efficiency. The characteristics of WMDMRRC‐SOI MOSFET are analyzed in terms of electron behaviour like mobility, temperature, and velocity in the channel region. The impact of negative junction depth on threshold voltage and short‐channel effects like drain induced barrier lowering, subthreshold slope are analyzed to optimize the characteristics of the proposed architecture. Performance parameters of WMDMRRC‐SOI MOSFET are compared with the results of DMRRC‐SOI MOSFET and conventional RRC‐SOI MOSFET. The comparison interprets that with higher intrinsic gain and lower distortion, the proposed architecture gives better analog performance and enhanced short channel parameters. The results obtained are validated through Sentaurus TCAD device simulator.
Changes in the total knee joint moment in patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis over 5 years
Authors: Asay Jessica L. , Erhart‐Hledik Jennifer C. , Andriacchi Thomas P. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTProgression of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been associated with repetitive mechanical loading during walking, often characterized by the peak knee adduction (KAM) and knee flexion moments (KFM). However, the relative contributions of these components to the knee total joint moment (TJM) can change as the disease progresses since KAM and KFM are influenced by different factors that change over time. This study tested the hypothesis that the relative contributions of KAM, KFM, and the rotational moment (KRM) to the TJM change over time in subjects with medial compartment knee OA. Patients with medial compartment knee OA (n = 19) were tested walking at their self‐selected speed at baseline and a 5‐year follow‐up. For each frame during stance, the TJM was calculated using the KAM, KFM, and KRM. The peaks of the TJM and the relative contributions of the moment components at the time of the peaks of the TJM were tested for changes between baseline and follow‐up. The percent contribution of KFM to the first peak of the TJM (TJM1) significantly decreased (p < 0.001) and the percent contribution of KAM to TJM1 significantly increased (p < 0.001), while the magnitude of the TJM1 did not significantly change over the 5‐year follow‐up. These gait changes with disease progression appear to maintain a constant TJM1, but the transition from a KFM to a KAM dominance appears to reflect gait changes associated with progressing OA and pain. Thus, the TJM and its component analysis captures a comprehensive metric for total loading on the knee over time. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. 36:2373–2379, 2018.
Multi‐Component Spirane Assemblies
Authors: Özer Merve S. , Mittal Nikita , Gaikwad Sudhakar , Schmittel Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA scaffold with a tetraphenylmethane core carrying two identical phenanthroline and two equal zinc porphyrin terminals is utilized for the clean self‐assembly of supramolecular three‐ and five‐component spiranes. The self‐assembly is guided by the orthogonality of the heteroleptic bisphenanthroline complex, heteroleptic terpyridine and phenanthroline complex, and Npy → zinc porphyrin interactions. In contrast to Newkome’s spirane assembly (Chem. Eur. J.2014, 20, 11291), the present systems are fully dynamic structures in which both rings share one common atom.
Adjacency‐based local top‐down search method for finding maximal efficient faces in multiple objective linear programming
Authors: Tohidi G. , Hassasi H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt is well‐known that the efficient set of a multiobjective linear programming (MOLP) problem can be represented as a union of the maximal efficient faces of the feasible region. In this paper, we propose a method for finding all maximal efficient faces for an MOLP. The new method is based on a condition that all efficient vertices (short for the efficient extreme points and rays) for the MOLP have been found and it relies on the adjacency, affine independence and convexity results of efficient sets. The method uses a local top‐down search strategy to determine maximal efficient faces incident to every efficient vertex for finding maximal efficient faces of an MOLP problem. To our knowledge, the proposed method is the first top‐down search method that uses the adjacency property of the efficient set to find all maximal efficient faces. We discuss this and other advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm. We also discuss some computational experience we have had with our computer code for implementing the algorithm. This computational experience involved solving several MOLP problems with the code.
Fabrication of speedy and super‐water‐absorbing non‐woven cloth with hierarchical three‐dimensional network structure
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wu Xiaoqing , Wei Junfu , Luo Xianjian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA novel speedy and super‐water‐absorbing non‐woven cloth with hierarchical three‐dimensional network (3D‐SS‐PET) was fabricated through the induction of UV copolymerization on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers followed by a volume phase transition. The macroscopic three‐dimensional network implied that the PET non‐woven substrates are complicated three‐dimensional fibrous materials including oriented fibers in preferential or random directions. The microscopic three‐dimensional network is poly(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) (poly(AA‐co‐AM)) crosslinked copolymer layers on the fiber surface. The rapid volume phase transition was achieved by immersing the swelled non‐woven poly(AA‐co‐AM) modified PET (PET‐g‐AA‐co‐AM) in ethanol. The above process was an essential step to prepare the copolymer chain; after that the fiber surface was extended to form abundant capillary channels and plenty of space between fibers. The water contact angle decreased remarkably from 130° to 0°, while the absorbing capacity of the saturated water and the average water‐absorbing rate experienced an increasing trend, rising from 300 to 324.6 g g−1 in 24 h and 18.6 and 222 g (g min)−1 in 40 s, respectively. It was concluded that surface hydrophilicity and capillaries of the hydrophilic modified macroscopic fibrous structure enhanced the water‐absorbing rate and the swelling process contributed to the higher water absorption capacity. This speedy and super‐water‐absorbing material exhibits great potentiality in diapers, sanitary napkins, wound dressings, surgical pads, and hygroscopic and sweat‐free underwear in extremely cold areas. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Roles of positive psychological outcomes in future health perception and mental health problems: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Weinstein Aurélie G. , Henrich Christopher C. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Stratton Kayla L. , King Tricia Z. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivePositive psychological outcomes among adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer may influence long‐term health status. We examined posttraumatic growth (PTG) and Life satisfaction (LS) in adolescence, and their impact on future emotional and physical health status in young adulthood.MethodsSurvivors (n = 2802) from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study were longitudinally analyzed across social, emotional, and physical factors during adolescence (12–17 years old), and PTG (PTG‐Inventory) and LS (Cantril‐Ladder‐of‐Life) during young adulthood (19–24 years old). The impact of PTG and LS on survivors' future long‐term mental health, physical health, and social skills was also examined (23–28 years old) using Structural Equation Modeling.ResultsSurvivors reported high levels of LS (M = 7.43, range 1 to 10) and a positive impact from their cancer experience (M = 48.78, range 0 to 105). Adolescent predictors of higher PTG included older age at diagnosis (p = 0.001), experiencing more severe chronic health conditions (p = 0.01), cancer recurrence/relapse (p = 0.01), and being diagnosed with a non‐CNS cancer (p = 0.001). Higher perceived general health (p = 0.01), higher social skills (p = 0.001), and diagnosis with a non‐CNS cancer (p = 0.02) were associated with higher LS. Higher PTG during young adulthood predicted poorer perceived health (p = 0.04) and worse emotional health (p = 0.001) in later adulthood. Higher LS predicted better emotional health (p = 0.001) and better perceived health (p = 0.001).ConclusionsWhile LS was found to help survivors have better perceived long‐term emotional and physical health outcomes, survivors with higher PTG fond both positive and negative impacts from cancer. Future therapeutic trials to improve LS should be considered.
Suppression of influenza B virus replication by sakuranetin and mode of its action
Authors: Kwon Dur‐Han , Ji Jeong‐Hun , Yim Soon‐Ho , Kim Byoung‐Soo , Choi Hwa‐Jung 
Published: September 2018

This study aimed to investigate in vitro the anti‐influenza B/Lee/40 virus effect of sakuranetin and mode of its action. The sakuranetin exhibited potent antiviral activity against influenza B/Lee/40 virus, reducing the formation of a visible cytopathic effect, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 7.21 μg/ml and no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100 μg/ml, and the derived therapeutic index (TI) was >13.87. Oseltamivir showed weak anti‐influenza B/Lee/40 virus activity with IC50 of 80.74 μg/ml, 50% cytotoxicity concentration of >100 μg/ml, and TI of >1.24. Sakuranetin also showed effective inhibitory effects when added at the viral attachment, entry, and postentry steps. Moreover, sakuranetin effectively inactivated influenza B/Lee/40 virus infection in dose‐ and temperature‐dependent manners. Sakuranetin indicated an inhibitory effect in viral RNA synthesis in the presence of 100 μg/ml of sakuranetin. Overall, this research revealed that sakuranetin could inhibit influenza B/Lee/40 virus replication and that sakuranetin may be involved in the virus attachment, entry, and postentry. Therefore, sakuranetin is a good candidate for a chemopreventive agent for influenza virus‐related diseases.
EWMA chart with variable sample size and sampling interval for monitoring Pareto data with estimated parameters
Authors: Cheng Xiao‐Bin , Wang Fu‐Kwun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Pareto distribution has been widely used to model data in numerous areas including actuarial science, climatology, economics, finance, and reliability. The exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) chart with variable sample size and sampling interval (VSSI) is quicker than EWMA chart, EWMA chart with variable sample size (VSS), and EWMA chart with variable sampling interval (VSI) in detecting the mean shifts of a normal process. In this study, we present an EWMA‐VSSI chart to monitor the Pareto data with estimated parameters. The average time to signal (ATS) is computed by using the Markov chain approach. The results indicate that the proposed chart performs better than the other EWMA charts with fixed sample size, VSS, and VSI in terms of ATS. The design parameters of the proposed control charts are given in order to expedite the use of the chart by practitioners. Two examples are used to illustrate the application of the proposed control charts.
Thermally enhanced hydrolysis for treatment of pesticides and explosives
Authors: Beyke Gregory L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThermally enhanced hydrolysis of halogenated alkanes such as 1,1,1‐trichlorethane has become a proven method of in situ soil and groundwater remediation. Electrical resistance heating is commonly used to heat soil and groundwater to accelerate the rate of hydrolysis. This article provides practical information to extend the hydrolysis remediation toolkit to include treatment of common pesticides and explosives. Sites with comingled volatile compounds, pesticides, and/or explosives can also be treated via a single solution.
An Error in Temporal Error Theory
Authors: TALLANT JONATHAN 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWithin the philosophy of time there has been a growing interest in positions that deny the reality of time. Those positions, whether motivated by arguments from physics or metaphysics, have a shared conclusion: time is not real. What has not been made clear, however, is exactly what it entails to deny the reality of time. Time is unreal, sure. But what does that mean?There has (within the recent literature) been only one sustained attempt to spell out what it would mean to endorse a (so-called) temporal error theory, a theory that denies the reality of time: Baron and Miller's (2015) ‘What Is Temporal Error Theory?’ Despite the fact that their paper makes significant strides in spelling out what would be required, my claim in this paper is that their position must be rejected and replaced. In addition to rejecting Baron and Miller's position, I also offer that replacement.
I COULDN'T MAKE A PIECE AS BEAUTIFUL AS THAT: A CONVERSATION WITH ALLISON CAMERON
Authors: Höstman Anna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe composer Allison Cameron (b. 1963) lives in Toronto. Her music has been widely performed at festivals such as Emerging Voices in San Diego, Evenings of New Music in Bratislava, Festival SuperMicMac in Montréal, Newfoundland Sound Symposium, New Music across America, Bang on a Can Marathon in New York, New York, and Rumori Dagen in Amsterdam. A dedicated performer of experimental music in Toronto, Allison co-founded the Drystone Orchestra (1989) and the Arcana Ensemble (1992). She has been improvising since 2000 on banjo, ukulele, cassette tapes, radios, miscellaneous objects, mini amplifiers, crackle boxes, toys and keyboards, in collaboration with Éric Chenaux, the Draperies, Ryan Driver, Dan Friedman, Mike Gennaro, Kurt Newman, John Oswald, Stephen Parkinson and Mauro Savo, among other musicians. In that same year she became Artistic Director of Toronto's experimental ensemble Arraymusic, a position she held for five years. In 2007, she founded the Allison Cameron Band with Eric Chenaux and Stephen Parkinson, and in 2009, the trio c_RL with Nicole Rampersaud (trumpet) and Germaine Liu (drums). Allison has experimented with graphic and notational scores that will soon be gathered and published as a collection. Additionally, she is the winner of the 2018 KM Hunter Award for music in Ontario.
DISC1 regulates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor dynamics: abnormalities induced by a Disc1 mutation modelling a translocation linked to major mental illness
Authors: Malavasi Elise L. V. , Economides Kyriakos D. , Grünewald Ellen , Makedonopoulou Paraskevi , Gautier Philippe , Mackie Shaun , Murphy Laura C. , Murdoch Hannah , Crummie Darragh , Ogawa Fumiaki , McCartney Daniel L. , O’Sullivan Shane T. , Burr Karen , Torrance Helen S. , Phillips Jonathan , Bonneau Marion , Anderson Susan M. , Perry Paul , Pearson Matthew , Constantinides Costas , Davidson-Smith Hazel , Kabiri Mostafa , Duff Barbara , Johnstone Mandy , Polites H. Greg , Lawrie Stephen M. , Blackwood Douglas H. , Semple Colin A. , Evans Kathryn L. , Didier Michel , Chandran Siddharthan , McIntosh Andrew M. , Price David J. , Houslay Miles D. , Porteous David J. , Millar J. Kirsty 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe neuromodulatory gene DISC1 is disrupted by a t(1;11) translocation that is highly penetrant for schizophrenia and affective disorders, but how this translocation affects DISC1 function is incompletely understood. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) play a central role in synaptic plasticity and cognition, and are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia through genetic and functional studies. We show that the NMDAR subunit GluN2B complexes with DISC1-associated trafficking factor TRAK1, while DISC1 interacts with the GluN1 subunit and regulates dendritic NMDAR motility in cultured mouse neurons. Moreover, in the first mutant mouse that models DISC1 disruption by the translocation, the pool of NMDAR transport vesicles and surface/synaptic NMDAR expression are increased. Since NMDAR cell surface/synaptic expression is tightly regulated to ensure correct function, these changes in the mutant mouse are likely to affect NMDAR signalling and synaptic plasticity. Consistent with these observations, RNASeq analysis of the translocation carrier-derived human neurons indicates abnormalities of excitatory synapses and vesicle dynamics. RNASeq analysis of the human neurons also identifies many differentially expressed genes previously highlighted as putative schizophrenia and/or depression risk factors through large-scale genome-wide association and copy number variant studies, indicating that the translocation triggers common disease pathways that are shared with unrelated psychiatric patients. Altogether, our findings suggest that translocation-induced disease mechanisms are likely to be relevant to mental illness in general, and that such disease mechanisms include altered NMDAR dynamics and excitatory synapse function. This could contribute to the cognitive disorders displayed by translocation carriers.
Augmentation of vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immunity by a physical radiofrequency adjuvant
Authors: Cao Yan , Zhu Xiaoyue , Hossen Md Nazir , Kakar Prateek , Zhao Yiwen , Chen Xinyuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractProtein/subunit vaccines often require external adjuvants to induce protective immunity. Due to the safety concern of chemical adjuvants, physical adjuvants were recently explored to boost vaccination. Physical adjuvants use physical energies rather than chemicals to stimulate tissue stress and endogenous danger signal release to boost vaccination. Here we present the safety and potency of non-invasive radiofrequency treatment to boost intradermal vaccination in murine models. We show non-invasive radiofrequency can increase protein antigen-induced humoral and cellular immune responses with adjuvant effects comparable to widely used chemical adjuvants. Radiofrequency adjuvant can also safely boost pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination with adjuvant effects comparable to MF59-like AddaVax adjuvant. We find radiofrequency adjuvant induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) release and activates MyD88 to mediate the adjuvant effects. Physical radiofrequency can potentially be a safe and potent adjuvant to augment protein/subunit vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses.
Complexity, rate, and scale in sliding friction dynamics between a finger and textured surface
Authors: Khojasteh Behnam , Janko Marco , Visell Yon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSliding friction between the skin and a touched surface is highly complex, but lies at the heart of our ability to discriminate surface texture through touch. Prior research has elucidated neural mechanisms of tactile texture perception, but our understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of frictional sliding between the finger and textured surfaces, with which the neural signals that encode texture originate, is incomplete. To address this, we compared measurements from human fingertips sliding against textured counter surfaces with predictions of numerical simulations of a model finger that resembled a real finger, with similar geometry, tissue heterogeneity, hyperelasticity, and interfacial adhesion. Modeled and measured forces exhibited similar complex, nonlinear sliding friction dynamics, force fluctuations, and prominent regularities related to the surface geometry. We comparatively analysed measured and simulated forces patterns in matched conditions using linear and nonlinear methods, including recurrence analysis. The model had greatest predictive power for faster sliding and for surface textures with length scales greater than about one millimeter. This could be attributed to the the tendency of sliding at slower speeds, or on finer surfaces, to complexly engage fine features of skin or surface, such as fingerprints or surface asperities. The results elucidate the dynamical forces felt during tactile exploration and highlight the challenges involved in the biological perception of surface texture via touch.
Differential Effect of HCV Eradication and Fibrosis Grade on Hepatocellular Carcinoma and All-cause Mortality
Authors: Lee Yun Bin , Nam Joon Yeul , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Chang Young , Cho Hyeki , Cho Young Youn , Cho Eun Ju , Yu Su Jong , Kim Hwi Young , Lee Dong Ho , Lee Jeong Min , Hwang Seong Gyu , Kim Yoon Jun , Yoon Jung-Hwan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhether a sustained virological response (SVR) improves long-term outcomes in chronic hepatitis C patients with earlier-stage fibrosis has not been established. We investigated the differential effect of SVR on the risk of outcomes according to hepatic fibrosis grade. Fibrosis grade was categorised using FIB-4: <1.45, low-probability of significant fibrosis; 1.45–3.25, intermediate-probability; and ≥3.25, high-probability. Primary and secondary endpoints were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and death, respectively. Among 1,373 included chronic hepatitis C patients, 744 patients were treated with interferon-based or –free regimens and 622 (83.6%) achieved SVR. SVR was independently associated with lower risk of HCC (vs. untreated: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.165; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.077–0.350; P < 0.001) and overall death (vs. untreated; aHR, 0.146; 95% CI, 0.050–0.424; P < 0.001) during the median observation of 3.5 (interquartile range, 1.9–6.6) years. The SVR group had significantly lower risk of HCC than the untreated group among patients with intermediate-probability (n = 492: aHR, 0.171; 95% CI, 0.051–0.578; P = 0.004) and high-probability (n = 446: aHR, 0.243; 95% CI, 0.107–0.551; P < 0.001) of significant fibrosis. HRs were maintained after balancing with inverse probability weighting. SVR was associated with reduced risk of HCC development and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C.