bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verifikasi Dosis Rekomendasi Pemupukan Hara Spesifik Lokasi untuk Padi Varietas Hibrida
Authors: Suyamto Suyamto , Saeri M. , Saraswati D. P. , Robi’in Robi’in 
Published: March 2018

<p>IAARD in collaboration with IRRI has developed site specific nutrient management (SSNM or PHSL) recommendation, which can be accessed through PHSL-web (http:/webapps.irri.org/nm/id). PHSL recommendations were evaluated for inbred rice variety but not yet for hybrid rice. The objective of this experiment was to verify the effectiveness of PHSL recommendation for hybrid rice and to evaluate the response of hybrid rice to N fertilizer. Two experiments were conducted during the dry season of 2012 in two locations (Malang and Blitar). The first experiment consisted of 6 treatments: (1) PHSL recommendation based on yield target of hybrid variety (Mapan-P05) (10.3 t/ha or 20% higher compared to that of inbred variety), (2) same as treatment 1 for Hipa-10 hybrid variety, (3) same as treatment 1 for Ciherang variety, (4) PHSL based on the yield target similar to that of inbred variety (8.6 t/ha) applied for Mapan-P05 hybrid variety, (5) same as treatment 4 applied for Hipa-10 hybrid variety, and (6) same as treatment 4 applied for Ciherang inbred variety. PHSL recommendation for hybrid rice was 300 kg NPK (Phonska) + 376 kg urea/ha applied 4 times, while that for inbred rice was 200 kg NPK (Phonska) + 332 kg urea/ha applied 3 times. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, 4 replications, and plot size was 5 m x 10 m. The second experiment was arranged in a split plot design with four replications and plot size 5 m x 10 m. The main plots consisted of 4 rates of urea application namely: 0; 150; 300; and 450 kg urea/ha. The sub plots were two varieties namely: Mapan-P05 (hybrid) and Ciherang (inbred). Soil was analyzed before the conduct of experiment. Main data collection included yield of rice, hybrid rice respon to urea fertilizer. Results of the experiment showed that fertilizer rate based on PHSL for hybrid rice was not appropriate. Applying rate of fertilizers based on PHSL for hybrid rice resulted in rice yields not significantly different to that of inbred variety fertilized based on PHSL for inbred variety. The response of hybrid variety to N fertilizer was higher than that of inbred variety, suggesting that hybrid rice produced higher yield than did inbred, at the same rate of fertilizer. To obtain a higher yield of hybrid rice (such as Mapan-P05) the rate and time of fertilizer applications are not necessarily to be increased as recommended on PHSL-web. Using the same fertilizer rate, hybrid rice (such as Mapan-P05) produced higher yield compared to that of inbred variety, which indicated higher efficiency of fertilization. Yield of hybrid rice Hipa-10 variety was not only determined by fertilizer rate but also by other factors, such as seed quality and crop management (M). The existence of GxExM interaction was higher for hybrid rice, meaning hybrid variety required very specific environment.<br />Keywords: </p>
THE DISCIPLINE IN THE MAKING: APPRAISING THE PROGRESS OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS
Authors: Furqani Hafas 
Published: March 2018

Islamic economics is currently moving from a mere discourse on economics in Islamic perspective towards becoming a distinct science of Islamic economics. There is a systematic effort from Islamic economic scientific community to develop a discipline of Islamic economics marked by a complete body of knowledge, clear subject matter, methodology/methodologies to appraise theories and continuous growth and accumulation of knowledge. This could be done if the scientific community put strong effort in explicating all the necessary foundations of science and achieve consensus on certain important aspect of discipline. In this paper we attempt to historically survey the development of Islamic economics towards becoming a distinct discipline, evaluate the current practices a adopted by the Islamic economics’ scientific community in settling up problems, and outlining forward agenda in order to achieve this discipline status.Keywords: Islamic economics, foundations, discipline, body of knowledge, developmentJEL Classification: A19, B29, B49, B59
WHY DO PEOPLE SEE A FINANCIAL SYSTEM AS A WHOLE VERY IMPORTANT?
Authors: Masyita Dian 
Published: March 2018

The action of one person will affect the others and then the action of one country will affect other countries. Financial crisis is like a contagious disease, which spreads everywhere. The failure in capturing systemic risk is the interconnected market events (’network externalities’) can produce self-reinforcing cycles then create the harmful situation. What happened in the banking regulation particularly Basel II? In reality, Basel II did not work completely in 2008. Since the implementation of risk management based on Basel II has been a prerequisite for a bank, it is supposed to make a positive impact. Misplaced reliance on mathematical model and statistics in managing risk could one of the problems in the decision making process. Using system thinking, system dynamics paradigm and theory of feedback system, this paper tries to see the risk management from different perspective and to enrich the understanding of how financial systems work: what drives them and causes the behavior. Many lessons can be learnt from this financial contagion since Islamic banking and finance system has inevitably been a part of the international financial systems.Keywords: Financial crisis, interconnected events, system thinking, system dynamics, islamic banking and finance.JEL Classification: D10, D80, E50, E60, G20, G32
A CASH WAQF INVESTMENT MODEL: AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR FINANCING MICRO-ENTERPRISES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Duasa Jarita , Thaker Mohamed Asmy Bin Mohd Thas 
Published: March 2018

This study was designed to empirically determine: (i) to look the factors causes micro enterprises opt for using internal funding instead of external funding; and (ii) to observe the probability of micro enterprises opt for Cash Waqf fund as alternative source of funding their business. The primary data is collected from the administered survey questions in Klang Valley (Selangor and Kuala Lumpur) and the analysis is conducted using statistical analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The model is validated its acceptance in the field by adopting the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). From the findings, among the factors that lead micro enterprises to use internal funding are strict collateral requirement by commercial financial institutions, high cost of financing, strict documentation requirement and good financial and business track record. Unfortunately, most of them cannot fulfill these conditions and continue to face the problem of accessing finance. The present study has developed the Cash Waqf Investment model to support micro enterprises to improve their access to finance and enhance the skills. Based on the responses received from the field, it has been shown that the intention and readiness of micro enterprises in accepting the model as a source of financial and human capital development services is impressive.Keywords: Micro-enterprises, Financing, Cash waqf, Theory of reasoned actionJEL Classification: G1, L3, O14
EFFECTIVENESS OF ZAKAT-BASED PROGRAMS ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF POOR WOMEN: A CASE STUDY OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Anis Fahami Muhammad , Kassim Salina H. 
Published: March 2018

Among the many problems facing Bangladesh, poverty remains a key problem affecting millions of lives. During the past few decades, many initiatives have been implemented such as microcredit and cash transfer programs, yet the results seemed to be ambiguous. New frontiers are now sought to find new sources of finance which could offer a more effective and sustainable solution to the root cause of the poverty problem. Considering the idea of entrepreneurship and group-based development approach of microcredit, a zakat-based development approach was initiated in Bangladesh at a private level by an organization called Center for Zakat Management (CZM) for poverty alleviation and sustainable economic empowerment targeting poor women in rural areas. This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of the CZM efforts in utilizing zakat funds for promoting entrepreneurship among poor rural women. Focusing on the case of Bangladesh, this study assesses the effectiveness of zakat on aspects such as income, house hold expense and fixed asset accumulation of the poor client based on the “before and after” approach. Groups comprising of poor individuals and families are given equity capital/seed money and are encouraged to embark on small businesses according to their own liking. The groups are supervised for a period of a minimum of three years to ensure all individuals within the group are able to continue with their activities and ultimately, free themselves from the shackles of poverty and graduate into sustainable livelihood. Results indicate a significant nominal and real increase in average monthly income, increase in fixed assets and an increase in monthly average household expenditure before and after receiving zakat money. Results also demonstrate factors such as age of the entrepreneur, family size, type of business involved and the amount of zakat received to have a strong influence in determining the success of women entrepreneurs. Education level of the entrepreneur, on the other hand, does not seem to have significant impact on the success or failure of the entrepreneur. The findings from this paper shed light on the effectiveness of zakat-based approach in alleviating poverty and ensuring sustainable economic empowerment of the poor rural women.Keywords: Zakat, Poverty alleviation, Entrepreneurship, BangladeshJEL Classification: I32, L26, Z12
MEASUREMENT OPTIMALIZATION OF ZAKAT DISTRIBUTION AT LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT USING VARIABLE MEASUREMENT OF ECONOMY
Authors: Haque Marissa , Nasri Rizfaldi , Nuraini Nuraini , Yusuf Muhammad 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this research conducted is to optimalize the zakat distribution using economy variabel measurement. Design/Metodology. The Quantitative Research Method is used to analyze financial data, with Optimalize Model as Z variable design, Measurement of Economy as Y variable and Objective Output as X variable, using AMOS program and SEM as tool analysis to confirm that the model can be used as a measurement tool. Research result. Using some indicators to analyze every variable, obtaining output and objective result, influence optimalization of measurement of economy. Conclusion. The measurement of optimalization of zakat distribution using measurement of economy variable, with independent variable/output exogenous and objective, can be used as a model to measure Lembaga Amil Zakat performance. Furthermore, this research need to have some indicators’ development especially in the area of objective variable.Key words: Output, Objective, Measurement of Economy, Distribution Optimalization, ZakatJEL Classification: D64
WAQF ACCOUNTABILITY FROM THE STAKEHOLDER SALIENCE THEORY: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Ihsan Hidayatul , Sulaiman Maliah , Mohd Alwi Norhayati , Akhyar Adnan Muhammad 
Published: March 2018

This study aims to address the issue of accountability in a waqf institution. Specifically, the focus of this study is to shed more light on how the mutawalli (waqf trustee) discharges accountability in managing waqf. In so doing, an interpretive case study in one Indonesian waqf institution, that is, Dompet Dhuafa (DD), was undertaken. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Other sources of data collection techniques employed along with the interviews include observations and document reviews. Furthermore, this study uses the accountability mechanisms as the conceptual lens. The accountability mechanisms consist of disclosure statements and reports, performance assessment, participation, self-regulation and social auditing. In addition to the accountability mechanims, the stakeholder salience theory is also used to understand how the mutawalli shows accountability to multiple stakeholders. The findings of this study reveal that although DD recognizes the salient nature of its stakeholders, it does not prevent the mutawalli from showing accountability to all stakeholders. The mutawalli is of the view that accountability is not limited to accounting and reporting. Moreover, the mutawalli believes that showing accountability to different groups of stakeholder requires different mechanisms of accountability. As such, this study concludes that DD’s commitment to accountability is proven through its effort to deal with stakeholder salience. Keywords: Waqf, accountability, accountability mechanisms, stakeholder salienceJEL Classification: L31, M49, N35
DEVELOPING ISLAMIC WAQF BANK AS A MECHANISM FOR FINANCIAL SYSTEM STABILITY
Authors: Ab. Aziz Muhammad Ridhwan 
Published: March 2018

The establishment of Islamic banking institution all over the world is often related to the proclivity of muslims to live all aspects of their lives in accordance with the teachings of Islam. Islamic bank is one of the components in Islamic financial sector that plays very vital role to generate the growth of economics among muslim society. Indeed, Islamic bank was more robust to the financial crisis compared to the conventional banking institution. Cash waqf is a trust fund established with money to provide services to mankind in the name of Allah. The gifted capital then will be spent for all sorts of pious and social purposes inclusive for the financing and investment objectives. It is recognized that there is limited study in the area of cash waqf especially in the development of Islamic waqf bank (IWB). The main objective of this article is to analyze the possibility and obstacles in developing IWB in the mainstream Islamic financial institutions. The methodo-logy of research in this article is through a qualitative research based on interview with relevant officers in the Islamic banking, waqf, and academic sectors. The general finding in this article shows that IWB can apply cash waqf structure, whereby the cash waqf fund must be converted into fixed assets such as land and buildings. The rental income from the fixed assets and investments then can be channelled to waqf beneficiaries such as funding students’ education, health assistance, giving financing to the entrepreneur, and enhancing muslim economy in various fields. Nevertheless, a proper mechanism of IWB must be developed in order to avoid any obstacles in terms of capital requirement, risky investment, limited number of experts in the field of Islamic bank and waqf as well as legal and regulation requirement.Keywords: Islamic Waqf Bank, Cash waqf, Islamic finance, Financial system stabilityJEL Classification: G21, I31, L31
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC CAPITAL MARKET FOR MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) THROUGH SYNERGY OF MUTUAL FUND AND VENTURE CAPITAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Sanrego Yulizar D. 
Published: March 2018

It is worldly known that one of the main obstacles which is often faced by the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) practitioners is the ability to access sources of funding. At the time where the absorption of banking credit to MSMEs is still very limited, the role of sharia capital market is considered as an alternative to support this limitation. Expanding the role of sharia capital market finds it moment when Indonesia Finance Service Authority (FSA) issued regulations that provide space for the capital market to also active in real sector businesses. In accordance with the FSA Rules N0.37/2014, mutual fund (unit trust) in the form of Collective Investment Contract (CIC) - Limited Investment/ Participation Fund (LPF) has the objective to pave the way for mutual fund investors to make direct investments in real investments. The proposed model that might be realized to smoothen the intermediary role of sharia capital market to the development of MSMEs is through the hybrid model that might linking mutual fund/investment manager and corporate, particularly venture capital. Using Analytical Network Process (ANP) approach this paper indicates that with the value of rater agreement 1.0, the research found that there are four main cluster problems which become an obstacle the proposed model, namely: (a) the reputation of mutual fund/investment manager; (b) investment grade rating of corporate (venture capital); (c) risk appetiate of investor as shahib al-mal; and (d) government regulation. Policy recommendation that might become solution, according to the value of rater agreement 1.0 is sequentially as follow, namely: (a) fully support from government; especially for a relatively new mutual fund with no experience in the capital markets industry; (b) Corporate (venture capital) should be able to offer Islamic Microfinance Finance Institutions (IMFIs) and MSMEs that have good business feasibility to the mutual fund/investment manager as well as investor; (c) the government should be able to guarantee legal certainty in the context of protection, including advocacy for investors; and last but not least (d) There is an extremely hope that investors could change their investment behavior paradigm, from risk averse to risk taker.Keywords: Sharia capital market, Mutual fund, Venture capital, MSMEJEL Classification: G1, G23, G24
Transformasi Budaya Dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Hakim Nurul 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Everyone wants to have prosperity in their life. But in the point of fact, not all people are able to fulfill their fancy. As the result, such question rises "Why do all fancies have not been fulfilled?" To overcome that problem, Al-Qur’an offers a solution that discusses about concept of fulfillment. This concept draws the movement of human mindset and it called as Cultural transformation. Moreover, mindset is the basic fundamental and its fundamental affects other aspects of human life. Furthermore, they are four terms of culture such cultural values, cultural systems, social system, physical culture (elements of physical cultures). While cultural values are defined as vantage of life, priority, time allotment, human point of views, and natural views.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MUNĀSABAH PADA TAFSIR MUSHAFÎ DAN TAFSIR NUZÛLÎ: Analisis komparatif antara tafsir Tarti>b al-Mus}h}af dan tafsir Tarti>b al-Nuzu>l.
Authors: Bakar Abu Bakar 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Qur'an has a multi-dimensional, ranging from rational empirical dimension to mystical dimension of spiritual-emotional. One empirical dimension of Qur'an is a form of text that can be seen, read, studied and understood. While mystical and spiritual emotional dimensions are irrational. Empirical studies of Qur’an are often faced with its historical problem self. Because that rational is irrelevance with historical facts. To rationalize the discrepancy between empirical and historical facts, al-muna>sabah are conducted. Furthermore, Qur'an also has a historical fact, such historically strategic position in declining Qur’an continuously. In fact, history facts of Qur’an are more strength than empirical ones (manuscripts orderly). According to the fact above, this study focuses on the application of muna>sabah towards tartîb al-mus}h}af and tartîb al-nuzu>l in interpreting surah and those results. This study conducted inductive-deductive approach and method.It can be summed up that 1). Interpreting surah in tafsir mushaî by using muna>sabah can be done detail and musfassir concerns on munasabah of the whole elements in Qur’an. While, in tafsir nuzu>li>, muna>sabah could be done though recording the continuum of surah. the aim is to show the whole content of Qur’an in order not to be understood partially. Munāsabah in tafsir mushafî is structural-emotional, while munāsabah in tafsir nuzûlî has ratinal-cultural pattern 2). Interpreting surah by using munāsabah approach in tafsir mushafî produces rational relation among the elements in Qur’an. While in the tafsir nuzûlî, it emphases on the strengthen of history and the records.Even they differ; both perform similar steps such other commentators done. They do not lead unclear and unequivocal interpretation suspicious to the conclusion that a clear and interpretation, except only reinforces the dominant idea in the previous theories Keywords: munāsabah, tafsi>r mus}h}afī, tafsi>r nuzu>li
Biomass Yield of Warm‐Season Grasses Affected by Nitrogen and Harvest Management
Authors: Weerasekara Chamara S. , Kitchen Newell R. , Jose Shibu , Motavalli Peter P. , Bardhan Sougata , Mitchell Robert B. 
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas
Dry matter yields increased with N inputs although efficiency decreased.Applying nitrogen at 67 kg N ha–1 was superior in both yield and efficiency.Delaying the time of harvest until late fall or a killing frost increased yield.
Native perennial warm‐season grasses (NPWSG) have drawn interest as bioenergy feedstocks due to their high productivity with minimal amounts of inputs under a wide range of environments. Nitrogen fertility and harvest timing are critical management practices when optimizing biomass yield of NPWSG. Our objective was to quantify the impact of N fertilizer rate and timing in combination with harvest timing and frequency on NPWSG yield. Research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 on four field‐plot locations in Missouri. The experiment was a split‐plot design with three replications where N rate and harvest timing were the main and sub‐plot treatments, respectively. Nitrogen rates were 0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1 with two application timings, all early spring and split N (early spring and following first harvest). Harvest timing included two single (September and November) and two double harvests (June followed by September or November) per year. Delaying harvest until November increased yield across sites. November harvest and N rates ≥67 kg ha−1 improved NPWSG biomass yields. Although N fertilization improved yield, partial factor productivity (PFP) of applied N did not increase with annual N rates >34 kg ha−1. Fertilization at 67 kg ha−1 yr−1 provides an opportunity to maintain a balance between yield and N efficiency. These results demonstrated that N fertilization and harvest management of NPWSG were not always independent, and therefore these practices should be simultaneously considered. For example, early‐season harvesting suppressed response to N when the second harvest was not delayed until after frost.