bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of hemodynamic parameters and caudal vena cava‐to‐aorta ratio pre‐ and post‐pericardiocentesis in dogs with cardiac tamponade
Authors: Moumadah Y. , Combet‐Curt J. , Pouzot‐Nevoret C. , Barthelemy A. , Cambournac M. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate haemodynamic parameters and ultrasonographic measurements of the caudal vena‐cava‐to‐aorta ratio at the splenorenal view in canine cardiac tamponade before and 30 minutes after pericardiocentesis.Materials and MethodsDogs presenting with cardiac tamponade at two veterinary hospitals were included. Triage examination, noninvasive systolic arterial blood pressure, shock index, venous lactatemia and POCUS results were recorded at admission and 30 minutes after pericardiocentesis.ResultsThis prospective observational study included 22 dogs, and all had an increased caudal vena‐cava‐to‐aorta ratio. After pericardiocentesis, there were significant changes in vital signs, including a decrease in the median heart rate by 42.1%, a decrease in the median respiratory rate by 40.1%, and an increase in the median rectal temperature from 37.8°C (range: 35.6 to 39.2) to 38.1°C ( 36.1 to 38.7). In regards of hemodynamic parameters, the median systolic arterial pressure increased significantly by 23.2%, the shock index decreased significantly by 52.8%, the median lactate level decreased significantly from 6.1 mmol/L (1.4 to 14.7) to 3.6 mmol/L (1.1 to 13.6), and the median caudal vena‐cava‐to‐aorta ratio decreased significantly by 37.5%, from 1.76 (1.35 to 2.13) to 1.12 (0.91 to 1.51).Clinical SignificanceThis study demonstrated an increased caudal vena‐cava‐to‐aorta ratio in dogs with cardiac tamponade and a rapid haemodynamic improvement in dogs with cardiac tamponade within 30 minutes of the pericardiocentesis, resulting in excellent short‐term prognosis.
Evaluation of oxidative stress in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Hilla , Segev Gilad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress is a potential contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression but has not been evaluated in dogs and cats with CKD.HypothesisOxidative stress is higher in animals with CKD compared with healthy controls and decreases with the advancing CKD stage. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and intensity of oxidative stress in dogs and cats at different CKD stages.AnimalsSixty dogs and 30 cats with naturally acquired CKD; 10 dogs and 14 cats, healthy controls.MethodsAnalytical cross‐sectional study. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the urinary concentration of F2‐isoprostane (uF2‐IsoPs) normalized to urinary creatinine.ResultsUrinary F2‐isoprostanes normalized to urinary creatinine of healthy dogs and of dogs with CKD Stages 1 to 4 was 3.3 ng/mg, 4.7 ng/mg (range, 1.0‐73.4), 2.4 ng/mg (range, 0.4‐7.8), 0.52 ng/mg (range, 0.01‐2.9), and 0.37 ng/mg (range, 0.01‐0.6), respectively. Urinary F2‐isoprostanes differed among CKD stages (P < .001), but not compared with controls. uF2‐IsoPs of healthy cats and cats with CKD Stages 1 to 4 was 0.68 ng/mg (range, 0.2‐1.4), 0.97 ng/mg (range, 0.4‐1.8), 0.6 ng/mg (range, 0.002‐2.0), 0.94 ng/mg (range, 0.3‐2.3), and 0.2 ng/mg (range, 0.01‐0.4). Urinary F2‐isoprostanes differed among stages (P = .05) but not compared with healthy controls.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceOxidative stress might be present in dogs and cats with CKD. Its magnitude declines as the disease progresses, therefore, it should be considered a potential therapeutic target mostly at the early stages of the disease.
Multicenter study of factors associated with nonsurvival in hospitalized periparturient goats
Authors: Luethy Daniela , Cabrera Catalina , Coll‐Roman Lisette M. , VanderBroek Ashley R. , Bauck Anje G. , Stockler Jenna W. , Scully Clare , Kelleman Audrey A. , Mackay Evelyn E. , Depenbrock Sarah M. , Fecteau Marie‐Eve , Abraham Michelle , Leduc Laurence , Noll Charlene V. , Hernandez Jorge A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeriparturient reproductive complications appear to be common in hospitalized goats. More information is needed about periparturient reproductive complications and survival in goats with these conditions.ObjectiveIdentify exposure factors associated with nonsurvival in periparturient does hospitalized ≤1 day or ≥2 days.AnimalsA total of 198 periparturient does presented to 9 university veterinary hospitals from October 2021 to June 2022.MethodsMulticenter, matched case‐control study. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify exposure factors associated with nonsurvival in periparturient does hospitalized ≤1 day or ≥2 days.ResultsOverall doe survival was 79% (156/198). Survival in the 1st day of hospitalization was 71% (52/73) and survival in does hospitalized ≥2 days was 83% (104/125). Among goats hospitalized ≤1 day, labor duration before admission (odds ratio [OR] = 4.8; P = .04), uterine tears (OR = 48.2; P < .001), and vaginal/perineal trauma diagnosed during hospitalization (OR = 6.2; P = .03) were associated with nonsurvival. Among goats hospitalized ≥2 days, factors associated with nonsurvival included labor duration before admission (OR = 6.2; P = .004), pregnancy toxemia (OR = 6.07; P = .04), and Cesarean section (OR = 11.35; P = .02).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLonger labor duration before admission is an important predictor of nonsurvival in hospitalized does. Clients should be educated that early detection and veterinary care are critical for improving outcome in periparturient does.
Effects of Active Presurgical Orthopaedics Appliances in Infants With Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and ‘T‐Shaped’ Alveolus: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nguyen Trang Thi‐Huyen , Ho Thuy‐Trang Thi , Nguyen Dau Van , Huynh Nam Cong‐Nhat 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the efficacy of active presurgical orthopaedics appliances in infants presenting with complete unilateral cleft lip and overlapped alveolus (T‐shaped alveolus).Materials and MethodsA retrospective and prospective longitudinal study was performed. Infants diagnosed with complete unilateral cleft lip and overlapped alveolus, received treatment with the active presurgical orthopaedics appliances from June 2020 to June 2023, at Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City. The treatment duration averaged 3 months. Pre‐ and posttreatment casts of noses and alveolus were scanned using TRIOS3 Wireless intraoral scanner (3Shape, Denmark) and analysed with Slicer 5.2.2 software. There were 16 quantitative variables. A pair t‐test and Wilcoxon signed ranks were used for analysis. The statistical significance was adopted as p < 0.05.ResultsA total 40 patients (17 males, 23 females, mean age 23.85 ± 19.22 days) were evaluated. After treatment, the nostril height increased by 2.62 ± 0.22 mm and the deviation columella decreased by −23.45° ± 2.29°. There was a reduction in cleft gap (−3.77 ± 2.01 mm), and in the overlap of alveolus (−3.71 ± 1.83 mm), the growth of cleft segment increased by 2.27 ± 2.00 mm, while the rotation of the noncleft side alveolus decreased by −5.29° ± 5.31°. The changes were statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionsActive presurgical orthopaedics appliances improved the nasal deformity and overlapped alveolus morphology in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and T‐shaped alveolus.
A Preliminary Study on Kinetic Analysis of Ground Reaction Force and Impulse During Gait in Patients With Total Hip Replacement and Implication for Rehabilitation
Authors: Zhao Yuting , Raza Wasim , Arnold Graham , Li Penghai , Wang Weijie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is little research done on ground reaction forces (GRF) in terms of 3D impulses after total hip replacement (THR). This study aimed to investigate the GRFs and 3D impulses in four sub‐phases of stance during gait in the patients undergoing THR.MethodsA total of 10 pain‐free THR patients and 10 healthy people were recruited. This is an observational and retrospective study. The gait data was collected between 2008 and 2014 and analyzed between 2020 and 2024. All the participants were included in the three‐dimensional gait analysis. Gait parameters, phase durations, GRFs and impulses' key values during gait were calculated in four sub‐phases of stance. Statistical comparisons were performed with generalized linear models including age, gender, body mass index and walking speed as interactive factors.ResultsIt is found that (1) cadence, walking speed, stride length and step width in THR group were significantly decreased in compared with control group; (2) the THR decreased loading response duration in operative side and pre‐swing duration in non‐operative side compared with the control group, but the THR's two sides have similar duration proportions in sub‐stance phases; (3) the THR group had lower GRFs than the control group in vertical direction but higher in the medial–lateral direction; (4) in operative side, the THR's impulses in loading response phase were lower than the control group in anterior–posterior direction, and (5) in non‐operative side, the THR's impulse in pre‐swing phase in anterior–posterior direction was higher than the control side.ConclusionThe THR group showed slower walking speeds than the control group. The reasons could be from the decreased impulse in loading response phase, the decreased 2nd peak of GRF and the decreased pre‐swing impulse in vertical direction in operative side. Clinicians are suggested to consider the information provided when designing relevant rehabilitation exercises on the related muscles and functions.
Cultural theory and political philosophy: Why cognitive biases toward ambiguous risk explain both beliefs about nature's resilience and political preferences regarding the organization of society
Authors: Davidson Marc D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMany studies have observed a correlation between beliefs regarding nature's resilience and (political) preferences regarding the organization of society. Liberal‐egalitarians, for example, generally believe nature to be much more fragile than libertarians, who believe nature to be much more resilient. Cultural theory explains this correlation by the idea that people are only able to see those risks that fit their preferred organization of society. This article offers an alternative, second explanation for the observed correlation: Both beliefs regarding nature's resilience and political preferences can be explained by the same cognitive biases toward ambiguous risk, that is, dispositions determining our expectations regarding the possible state of affairs resulting from our acts and their probabilities. This has consequences for political philosophy and the psychology of risk. In particular, there is a knowledge gap in psychology regarding the cognitive biases underlying the belief that despite ambiguity, experts can determine safe limits for human impacts on the environment.
Research on digital discretion—The subjectification of street‐level work in public administration
Authors: Johansson Jörgen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article presents a systematic review of scholarly articles (n = 168) focused on digital discretion—how digital technologies affect the discretionary autonomy of street‐level bureaucrats. Two analytical tasks are performed concerning how digital transformation has affected (1) the relations between top‐down governing and the work of street‐level bureaucrats and (2) street‐level bureaucrats in the encounter with individuals. The documentation shows an expanding research area, and most articles showcase various subjectification effects when street‐level bureaucrats become screen‐ or system‐level bureaucrats. Street‐level bureaucrats are under increasing pressure from changing political rationalities consisting of streams of scientific knowledge, societal discourses, and the need for changes in governmental practices. The transformation carries political rationalities that fundamentally reshape value structures, organizing, and working methods of street‐level work. Still, the research area needs further development and consolidation. The reviewed research analyzes policies without considering the political content developed during policy initiation, formulation, and decision‐making. Instead, the research is characterized by a short‐sighted analytical perspective on how individual street‐level bureaucrats handle a changing technological development.
Longitudinal analysis of growth and nutritional disparities across socio‐demographics from early childhood to adolescence: Findings from the Indian cohort of the Young Lives Survey
Authors: Das Sumit Kumar , Khan Maroof Ahmad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies generally used cross‐sectional data and focused on under‐five children to assess the risk factors for malnutrition among Indian children. Some recent studies have reported that recovery from or faltering in malnutrition is possible after five years of age, but socio‐demographic subgroup disparities have not been explored. This study aims to find the longitudinal disparity in height‐for‐age Z‐scores (HAZ) and body‐mass‐index‐for‐age Z‐scores (BMIAZ scores) across various sub‐groups of a cohort from childhood to adolescence.MethodsThis study used a cohort from the Young Lives Survey, which followed children aged of 1–15 years between 2002 and 2016–17 in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India. Mixed‐effect models were applied to find the main, time, and interaction effects of HAZ scores and BMIAZ scores. In addition, an extended Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach to assess group‐based differences over time was used.ResultsThe cross‐sectional prevalence of stunting reduced across all subgroups, while thinness rose during the same period. The interactions of child sex, mother's education, place of residence, wealth index, and antenatal care with time were statistically significant at p <0.05. The gender disparity in adjusted HAZ score decreased from 0.214 units at 1 year to 0.011 units at 15 years, whereas BMIAZ score differential increased from 0.106 to 0.538 units over same timeframe. Disparities in scores were also observed across rural–urban, maternal education, social group, religion, socioeconomic status, maternal age at birth, antenatal care, and premature birth status.ConclusionThe study sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of paediatric growth, emphasising the importance of longitudinal approaches in understanding and addressing the health disparities across different stages of childhood and adolescence.
Resilient education: The role of digital technology in supporting geographical education in Ukraine
Authors: Hutchinson Simon M. , Hurrell Elizabeth R. , Borysenko Kateryna , Popov Vladyslav , Kholiavchuk Dariia , Popiuk Yana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis commentary spotlights the continued impact of the Russian invasion on geography education in higher education in Ukraine. From discussions with Ukrainian geographers in institutions in contrasting regions of the country, we describe their resilience in adapting the delivery of the physical geography curriculum, especially in the essential area of fieldwork and the use of digital tools. This ‘lived experience’ perspective builds on the theoretical contributions to the discussion initiated by Klinke (2023) in this journal about the challenges posed for geographers. In the third year of the conflict, the challenges set out are considerable, long term, and we call for individuals, universities and funders to further facilitate teaching and learning collaborations despite the limited funds available for the exchange of teaching and learning support and innovation.
Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of seminal vesiculitis with nonmineral stones in a guinea pig: Case report
Authors: de Souza Mariana Giendruczak , Sueiro Felipe Augusto Ruiz , Batalha Luis Felipe Bartholomeu , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis case report refers to a 1‐year‐old Guinea pig showing signs of anorexia and antipain posture. On abdominal radiography, five rounded mineral opaque structures were evident in the mid‐caudal abdomen. On ultrasound, a right seminal vesicle with a reduction in diameter was observed, containing less echogenic material than the contralateral one, with five oval structures with a hyperechogenic contour and a central hypoechogenic area, forming acoustic shadowing. The left seminal vesicle presented with the usual characteristics. After bilateral vesiculectomy, the patient recovered well, with no further symptoms. The histopathological result was a suppurative/abscessive inflammatory process with an accumulation of proteinaceous material.
Impact of a two‐stage rumen cannulation on the health and rumen function of six lactating dairy cows
Authors: Hartinger Thomas , Beissel Laura , Castillo‐Lopez Ezequias , Wittek Thomas , Huber Johann , Zebeli Qendrim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of a two‐stage rumen cannulation on the health and rumen function of lactating dairy cows.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsSix lactating Holstein cows.MethodsWe performed a two‐stage rumen cannulation in six Holstein cows that were 49 ± 11 days in milk. The following clinical health parameters and digestion‐associated variables were analyzed on seven measurement days, from before the first surgery until 28 days after the second surgery: body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, pain score, rumen fill score, fecal score, wet sieving, auscultation and palpation of the rumen, bodyweight, body condition score, and activity.ResultsThe pain score of the cows was constantly zero. Similarly, the body temperature and respiratory rate remained within physiological ranges, whereas the heart rate was slightly higher immediately after the second surgery. No differences were observed in rumen fill (2.00–2.67; p = .10) and fecal consistency scores (2.17–2.67; p = .42). The fecal particle size distribution showed negligible differences. The cows lost approximately 43 kg of bodyweight during the experiment (p < .01), which was reflected in a 0.5‐point body condition score loss (p < .01).ConclusionA temporary minimal negative effect of a two‐stage rumenostomy on the health and body condition of early lactating Holstein cows was observed, whereas digestion was unaffected. Considering the limited sample size, further studies are required to substantiate these findings.Clinical significanceGiven that animals are appropriately medically managed, experimental rumenostomy of lactating dairy cows may not compromise their health or rumen function.
The magnitude of exercise‐induced progenitor cell mobilisation and extravasation is positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness
Authors: Ross Mark , Aldred Sarah , Drayson Mark T. , Bosch Jos A. , Turner James E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCD34+ progenitor cells with angiogenic capabilities traffic into blood during exercise and extravasate afterwards but the magnitude of this response varies between people. We examined whether exercise‐induced progenitor cell trafficking is influenced by cardiorespiratory fitness (maximum oxygen uptake; ). Ten males (age: 23 ± 3 years; : 61.88 ± 4.68 mL kg min−1) undertook 1 h of treadmill running at 80% of . Blood samples were collected before exercise (Pre), in the final minute of exercise (0 h) and afterwards at 0.25, 1 and 24 h. Pan‐progenitor cells (CD34+, CD34+CD45dim) and putative endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+CD133+, CD34+VEGFR2+, CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+) were quantified using flow cytometry. Progenitor subpopulations (except for CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+) increased at 0 h (P < 0.05) and returned to pre‐exercise levels by 1 h. was positively associated with the exercise‐induced progenitor cell response and there were statistically significant time × interactions for CD34+, CD34+CD45dim and CD34+CD133+ subpopulations but not VEGFR2‐expressing progenitor cells. There were statistically significant correlations between and ingress (r > 0.70, P < 0.025) and egress (r > −0.77, P < 0.009) of progenitor cell subsets (CD34+, CD34+CD45dim, CD34+CD133+), showing that cardiorespiratory fitness influences the magnitude of progenitor cell mobilisation into the blood and subsequent extravasation. These data may provide a link between high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and vascular health.
Directed evolution of bacteriophages: thwarted by prolific prophage
Authors: Peters Tracey Lee , Schow Jacob , Spencer Emma , Van Leuven James T. , Wichman Holly , Miller Craig 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Various directed evolution methods exist that seek to procure bacteriophages with expanded host ranges, typically targeting phage-resistant or non-permissive bacterial hosts. The general premise of these methods involves propagating phage(s) on multiple bacterial hosts, pooling the lysate, and repeating this process until phage(s) can form plaques on the target host(s). In theory, this produces a lysate containing input phages and their evolved phage progeny. However, in practice, this lysate can also include prophages originating from bacterial hosts. Here, we describe our experience implementing one directed evolution method, the Appelmans protocol, to study phage evolution in the
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
phage–host system, where we observed rapid host-range expansion of the phage cocktail. Further experimentation and sequencing revealed that the observed host-range expansion was due to a
Casadabanvirus
prophage originating from a lysogenic host that was only included in the first three rounds of the experiment. This prophage could infect five of eight bacterial hosts initially used, allowing it to persist and proliferate until the termination of the experiment. This prophage was represented in half of the sequenced phage samples isolated from the Appelmans experiment, but despite being subjected to directed evolution conditions, it does not appear to have evolved. This work highlights the impact of prophages in directed evolution experiments and the importance of genetically verifying output phages, particularly for those attempting to procure phages intended for phage therapy applications. This study also notes the usefulness of intraspecies antagonism assays between bacterial host strains to establish a baseline for inhibitory activity and determine the presence of prophage.

IMPORTANCE

Directed evolution is a common strategy for evolving phages to expand the host range, often targeting pathogenic strains of bacteria. In this study, we investigated phage host-range expansion using directed evolution in the
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
system. We show that prophages are active players in directed evolution and can contribute to observation of host-range expansion. Since prophages are prevalent in bacterial hosts, particularly pathogenic strains of bacteria, and all directed evolution approaches involve iteratively propagating phage on one or more bacterial hosts, the presence of prophage in phage preparations is a factor that needs to be considered in experimental design and interpretation of results. These results highlight the importance of screening for prophages either genetically or through intraspecies antagonism assays during selection of bacterial strains and will contribute to improving the experimental design of future directed evolution studies.