bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does job dissatisfaction fuel nurse exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect (EVLN) behaviors? A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Li Jackie Zhanbiao , Chen Ming , Lao Yingqian , Hu Wanqin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In organizational behavior, job dissatisfaction has become an essential factor in shaping employees’ responses, including exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect (EVLN) behaviors, impacting workplace dynamics and outcomes. This study is based on a questionnaire survey investigating EVLN behaviors resulting from job dissatisfaction among nurses in public hospitals in Chongqing. The aim is to identify the underlying reasons for nurse shortages driven by job dissatisfaction. To begin with, drawing on Farrell's EVLN behavior framework and utilizing dynamic game theory, this study examines how nurse job dissatisfaction influences exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect behaviors. The findings reveal that nurse job dissatisfaction is positively correlated with exit and neglect behaviors, while negatively correlated with voice and loyalty behaviors. And then, a subsequent heterogeneity analysis shows that the effects of job dissatisfaction on EVLN behaviors are fully heterogeneous in terms of gender and education level, and partially heterogeneous in terms of age and marital status. Additionally, dynamic game theory is applied to study the internal evolution of EVLN behaviors triggered by job dissatisfaction. The results indicate that nurses typically choose loyalty behavior initially; however, if dissatisfaction persists, they shift to voice behavior. If voice behavior is not addressed, nurses either directly opt for exit behavior or transition to exit behavior through neglect. Finally, the study discusses the implications of these findings for medical policymakers, hospital managers, and practitioners.
Novel Model of Childhood Appetitive Traits in Children with Obesity
Authors: Thaker Vidhu , Nigam Sunaina , Zhu Mengqi , Shoemaker Ashley , Gross Amy , Fox Claudia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Appetitive traits have a central role in energy intake and development of obesity. Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a validated psychometric tool to measure appetitive traits in children. This study sought to assess the CEBQ factor structure in children with obesity. We hypothesized that hedonic traits are more prominent with obesity and in older children.
Subjects/Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study used CEBQ data from three geographically diverse centers in children with obesity. Eight known CEBQ subscales and the established factor model were compared by severity of obesity, age and sex. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to define the appetitive trait factor structure was undertaken in a training dataset and validated in a test set.
Results:
Children with obesity (n=814) showed higher food response, enjoyment of food, emotional overeating and desire to drink compared to population-based controls (p < 0.001) that correlated with obesity severity. The EFA identified a novel six-factor model with a new “Food avidity” factor that explained 15.8% of the variance. Satiety responsiveness (p < 0.001) and emotional undereating (p = 0.03) were lower in youth over six years compared to younger, while food fussiness and food avidity were the same, without any sex differences.
Conclusions:
CEBQ is useful to assess appetitive traits in children with obesity. The novel factor structure in youth with obesity suggests that temporal or phenotypic differences necessitate a revision of the established factor model. The new factor structure may be used to develop a hyperphagia questionnaire.
Prevalence and predictive factors of concurrent cervical spinal cord compression in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Lei Shuao , Chen Runsen , Zhang Pengxin , Li Guangzhou , Wang Qing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical features, and predictors of cervical spinal cord compression (CSCC) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).
Methods: The study focused on patients with OVCF. The presence of CSCC was determined using the modified Cord Compression Index (Grades 0–3) based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the entire spine. Significant CSCC was defined as Grade≥2, and the distribution of compression level as well as the number of Grade≥2 segments were investigated in each patient. Predictive factors for CSCC were identified using multivariate regression analysis, with variables including sagittal parameters from MRI of the entire spine and general patient characteristics.
Results: Out of 300 OVCF patients, 121 (40.3%) displayed significant CSCC on MRI. Of these, 106 were grade 2, and 15 were grade 3. Signal changes indicating myelomalacia were detected in 12 patients (4.0%) on T2-weighted MRI images. Of the 121 patients, 107 (88.4%) were asymptomatic or had subtle myelopathy, while 71 (58.7%) had multiple segmental compressions. The incidence of CSCC was positively correlated with age. Significant CSCC was most frequently found in the C4/5 and C5/6 segments. Only 4 patients (4.0%) underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) combined with cervical decompression and fusion surgery under general anesthesia in the one stage. Multivariate regression analysis identified age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and Torg-Pavlov ratio as independent predictors of CSCC grade.
Conclusion: The prevalence of significant cervical spinal cord compression in OVCF patients was 40.3%, which is relatively high. In patients with older age, female sex, elevated BMI, or developmental spinal stenosis, preoperative cervical spine MRI and assessment for myelopathy signs and symptoms are essential to prevent adverse treatment outcomes. Prophylactic cervical decompression and general anesthesia should not be prioritized unless the patient has severe cervical spinal cord compression or local anesthesia is insufficient for PKP, as this approach is generally more beneficial for the patient.
M1 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-20b promotes radiosensitization in HPV + HNSC
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhang Siwei , Li Wanlin , Liu Zengchen , Gong Tingdan , Duan Siyu , Liu Tianyang , Tong Fangjia , Pan Shuang , Wei Lanlan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). M1 macrophages enhance the radiosensitivity of HPV+ HNSC. Research has demonstrated that M1 macrophage-derived exosomes (M1 exos) possess a more potent anti-tumor function, and these exosomes serve as crucial mediators of communication between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. However, the role of M1 exos in the radiation sensitivity of HNSC remains unclear.
Materials and Methods
HPV status and macrophage infiltration levels in the tissues of 25 HNSC were evaluated using IHC. M1 macrophages were induced and cultured in vitro, and exosomes were extracted through differential ultracentrifugation. The effect of M1 macrophage exosomes on the radiotherapy sensitivity of HPV+ HNSC was investigated using an in vitro co-culture system. The expression level of γ-H2AX was assessed by immunofluorescence. Data from TCGA and GEO databases were utilized to evaluate the levels of miR-20b in HNSC and its relationship with radiotherapy sensitivity and prognosis. Additionally, the radiosensitivity of SCC090 cells overexpressing miR-20b was assessed through cell experiments to determine the functional role of miR-20b. Finally, bioinformatics methods were employed to elucidate the mechanism by which miR-20b enhances radiotherapy sensitivity.
Results
In HPV+ HNSC, M1 macrophages were highly infiltrated and played a crucial role in enhancing the sensitivity of HPV+ HNSC to radiotherapy. M1 exos infiltrated HPV+ HNSCC, increasing their sensitivity to radiation. Meanwhile, M1 macrophages were abundant in miR-20b than M2 macrophages, and the radiation sensitivity of HPV+ HNSC was significantly increased by transfecting them with a miR-20b mimic. The target genes of miR-20b were involved in DNA damage repair and cell cycle regulation. By analyzing the function of the target genes, CCND1 was identified as a key gene through which miR-20b enhanced radiotherapy sensitivity in HPV+ HNSC.
Conclusion
In this study, our data suggest that M1 exos, enriched with miR-20b, regulate the DNA damage repair pathway in tumor cells by targeting CCND1, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of tumors to radiotherapy. Consequently, miR-20b may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for HNSC.
Experiences and Reflections of Doctors on the Operations of Designated Clinics during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhang Dingzuan , Tang Kin Sze , Lau Phyllis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The conversion of General Out-patient Clinics (GOPC) into COVID-19 designated clinics played a crucial role in combating COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong in 2022. This qualitative research used an interpretive phenomenological approach and aimed to contribute valuable perspectives from doctors on the operations of designated clinics for the preparedness of future outbreaks and health emergencies.
Methods
Participants were purposively recruited from the doctors who worked in designated clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Cluster of New Territories West, Hong Kong. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interview guide informed by the researchers’ past experiences and the Donabedian framework. The verbatim transcripts were imported into NVivo 12 for data organizing, coding and thematic analysis.
Results
Sixteen participants were recruited and interviewed until data sufficiency. Eight themes were elicited and grouped under the three domains of the Donabedian framework: structure (availability of facilities, supportive training and education, and flexible manpower allocation), process (challenges in clinical practices, communication and collaboration, and effectiveness of operations), and outcome (patient outcomes and impact to healthcare workers).
Conclusions
Overall, participants thought that the operations in the designated clinics were smooth, efficient, and achieving satisfactory outcomes. However, improvements could be made in upgrading facilities to better manage more severe future outbreaks, enhancing government roles in information centralization and public communication and improving collaboration between designated clinics and ambulance services. This research provided valuable insights for the preparedness of future outbreaks and health emergencies.
Economic freedom and private domestic investment in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Dia Ibrahima , Ouedraogo Idrissa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of economic freedom on private domestic investment in Sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike the existing literature, it specifically focuses on the SSA region and considers the effect of the five components of the Fraser Institute's Index of Economic Freedom on private domestic investment. To this end, we use a panel of 41 SSA countries over the period 2000–2021 using the system GMM estimation method. The results show that economic freedom favors private domestic investment through the size of government, the legal system and property rights, as well as the regulation of the credit, labor and business markets. Conversely, the freedom to trade internationally has a negative effect. These results imply that SSA countries should enhance the size and quality of public investments, strengthen their legal frameworks, ease restrictions on capital flows and tariff barriers, and create a favorable regulatory environment for businesses to stimulate private investment.
JEL classification : C82, E22, O43, O55, P16
Association of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic status with frailty index trajectories: using five-wave panel data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) Article title：European Journal of Ageing
Authors: Zhang Kai , Chai Lirong , Zhang Yi , Wang Weijing , Hu Xiaolin , Kong Weizheng , Zhang Dongfeng , Fan Junning 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: The relationship between childhood and adulthood socioeconomic status (SES) and long-term frailty trajectories is unclear. We aimed to assess the frailty index (FI) dynamic trajectories and examine the associations between childhood and adulthood SES and frailty trajectories.
Methods: We included 7321 participants aged 45 and older from the 2011-2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Six childhood SES factors and four adulthood SES factors were included. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify frailty trajectories and multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between SES and frailty trajectories.
Results: Three frailty trajectory groups were identified: low-increase trajectory (LT, 59.9%), moderate-increase trajectory (MT, 31.7%) and high-increase trajectory (HT, 8.4%). With the LT group as reference, for childhood SES, participants with an illiterate mother (relative-risk radio [RRR]=1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-2.52), having not enough food (1.67, 1.34-2.09), with family’s financial situation (2.35, 1.61-3.42) and childhood health status (2.72, 2.09-3.53) worse than others had higher odds of being in the HT group. And for adulthood SES, rural residence (1.86, 1.50-2.31), with an educational level of less than middle school (2.75, 1.83-4.15), had higher odds of being in the HT group. Similar results were found for people of different ages and genders.
Conclusions: Participants with lower SES, including maternal and self- low education, childhood hunger, worse family financial and childhood health status are more likely to experience a high-increase FI trajectory, i.e. aging faster. Attention should be paid to reduce early-life social inequalities thus to promote later-time healthy aging.
Probing the Meissner effect in pressurized bilayer nickelate superconductors using diamond quantum sensors
Authors: Yu Xiao Hui , Wen Junyan , Xu Yue , Wang Gang , He Ze-Xu , Chen Yang , Wang Ningning , Lu Tenglong , Ma Xiaoli , Jin Feng , Chen Liucheng , Liu Miao , Fan Jing-Wei , Liu Xiaobing , Pan Xin-Yu , Liu Gang-Qin , Cheng Jinguang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Recent reports on the signatures of high-temperature superconductivity with a critical temperature Tc close to 80 K have triggered great research interest and extensive follow-up studies1-8. Although zero-resistance state has been successfully achieved under improved hydrostatic pressure conditions3,9, there is no clear evidence of superconducting diamagnetism in pressurized La3Ni2O7-δ due to the low superconducting volume fraction and limited magnetic measurement techniques under high pressure conditions10. Here, using shallow nitrogen-vacancy centers implanted on the culet of diamond anvils as in-situ quantum sensors, we observe convincing evidence for the Meissner effect in polycrystalline samples La3Ni2O7-δ and La2PrNi2O7: the magnetic field expulsion during both field cooling and field warming processes. The correlated measurements of Raman spectra and NV-based magnetic imaging indicate an incomplete structural transformation related to the displacement of oxygen ions emerging in the non-superconducting region. Furthermore, comparative experiments on different pressure transmitting media (silicone oil and KBr) and nickelates (La3Ni2O7-δ and La2PrNi2O7) reveal that an improved hydrostatic pressure conditions and the substitution of La by Pr in La3Ni2O7-δ can dramatically increase the superconductivity. Our work clarifies the controversy about the Meissner effect of bilayer nickelate and contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of nickelate high-temperature superconductors.
Cancer Immunotherapy Using AIRE Conditioning of the Tumor Epitopeome
Authors: Vile Richard , Pulido Jose , Chen Alex , Kendall Benjamin , Tonne Jason , Metko Muriel , Thompson Jill , Sangsuwannukul Thanich , Yerovi Maria Chiriboga , Diaz Rosa , Webb Mason , Huff Amanda , Moore Madelyn , Schuelke Matthew , Irshad Sheeba , Appleton Elizabeth , Melcher Alan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

T cell immune tolerance is established in part through the activity of the Auto-immune Regulator (AIRE) transcription factor in the medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells (mTEC) of the thymus. AIRE induces expression of SELF peripheral tissue-specific antigens for presentation to naïve T cells to promote activation/deletion of potentially autoreactive T cells. We show, for the first time to our knowledge, that tumors mimic the role of AIRE in mTEC to evade immune rejection. Thus, by expressing a broad range of SELF epitopes against which minimal functional T cell reactivities exist because of thymic deletion, AIRE acts as a master controller of SELFNESS, effectively cloaking the tumor from T cell attack. Moreover, we describe a completely novel immunotherapy in which engineered changes in AIRE expression in tumor cells alters their profile of SELFNESS, exposing both AIRE-modified, and parental unmodified, tumor cells to T cell attack. Consistent with our studies, patient RNAseq shows expression of AIRE predicts response to immune therapies with a strong correlation between AIRE expression and markers of TCR signaling. Therefore, by re-setting the immunological SELFNESS of cancer cells, this novel AIRE-mediated immunotherapy 1). converts a highly tolerized T cell compartment into a heteroclitic tumor-reactive T cell population; 2) confers de novo sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade upon non-immunogenic tumors; 3). completely removes the need to identify potentially immunogenic tumor-associated antigens as targets for generation of de novo CD8+ and helper CD4+ T cell responses; and 4) leads to potent T cell-mediated rejection of aggressive, immunologically cold, non-immunogenic tumors.
SIRT4-mediated deacetylation of PRDX3 attenuates liver ischemia reperfusion injury by suppressing ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Sanyang , Yu Qiwen , Yang Dongjing , Ran Binli , Pan Jie , Song Yaodong , Cui Mengwei , Mei Chaopeng , Wang Haifeng , Li Huihui , Li Guanghui , Meng Yinuo , Wang Fazhan , Guo Wenzhi , Zhu Changju 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is an important cause of the clinical prognosis of liver transplantation. Despite the diverse roles that Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) plays in posttranslational modifications, its specific involvement in the onset and progression of LIRI remains unclear. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of SIRT4 on the pathogenesis of LIRI. In this study, SIRT4 knockout and liver-specific overexpression mice and AML12 cells were used to investigate the possible role of SIRT4 in LIRI. Here, we showed that SIRT4 expression was downregulated in mice with LIRI or AML12 cells exposed to H/R injury and in the liver tissue of liver transplant patients. SIRT4 deletion led to the exacerbation of liver injury and ferroptosis; conversely, liver-specific SIRT4 overexpression in mice produced the opposite results. Furthermore, the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 counteracted the exacerbation of liver injury and ferroptosis caused by SIRT4 knockout. Mechanistically, SIRT4 interacted with Peroxiredoxins (PRDX3) and deacetylated it at lysine 92, leading to the inhibition of PRDX3 hyper-oxidation and ferroptosis. Furthermore, the protective effect of SIRT4 on LIRI was dependent on the deacetylation of PRDX3 at K92. Finally, we developed a liver-targeted Lipid nanoparticles (LNP)-sirt4 mRNA that alleviated liver I/R injury and ferroptosis in mice. Taken together, these results indicate that the SIRT4‒PRDX3 axis plays a key role in the progression of LIRI and may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of LIRI.
A combined soft X-ray and theoretical investigation discloses the water harvesting behaviour of Mg MOF-74 at the crystal surface
Authors: D'Angelo Paola , Tavani Francesco , Tofoni Alessandro , Vandone Marco , Busato Matteo , Braglia Luca , Torelli Piero , Stanzione Maximillian G. , Armstrong Robert , Morris Russell , Colombo Valentina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are receiving growing interest as permanently porous, highly tunable materials for real-world atmospheric water harvesting applications. Although it is becoming clear that surface effects are key to initiating and regulating MOF water uptake, obtaining molecular-level details on this issue has proven to be elusive. Here, we present a novel methodology based on ambient pressure soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, machine learning-assisted theoretical spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to gain quantitative and selective insights into the structural and dynamical behaviour of water confined at a MOF crystal surface. We applied our combined experimental and theoretical method to investigate the properties of wa- ter at the surface of Mg-MOF-74, while obtaining complementary information on the water uptake and release from the bulk by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. MD simulations and state-of-the-art theoretical simulations of the spectroscopic data were then employed to describe the water/MOF interface with molecular detail, evidencing that water molecules directly bound to the framework Mg sites first give rise to one-dimensional water chains by establishing a dense hydrogen-bond network with an additional water molecule per metal site, and subsequently nucleate porous channel filling, with the water layers found in the center of the MOF channels exhibiting higher mobility and reduced reorientational ability. The developed method can inform the rational optimization of MOF interfaces for water harvesting.
Novel expanded ATXN10 alleles in the healthy Peruvian population: a matter of Indigenous American ethnic origin
Authors: Milla-Neyra Karina , Araujo-Aliaga Ismael , Manrique-Enciso Carla , Sarapura-Castro Elison , Illanes-Manrique Maryenela , Saldarriaga-Mayo Ana , Medina-Colque Angel , Rios-Pinto Julia , Cornejo-Herrera Ivan , Rivera-Valdivia Andrea , Mata Ignacio , Loesch Douglas , Lozano-Vasquez Leonel , Bordia Tanuja , O’Connor Timothy , Schüle Birgitt , Cornejo-Olivas Mario 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is a neurodegenerative disease predominant in Latin American individuals with Indigenous American ancestry. SCA10 is caused by an expansion of ATTCT repeat within the ATXN10 gene. Healthy individuals carry 9-32 ATTCT repeats, whereas SCA10 patients carry an expansion of 280 repeats and higher. Recently, expanded alleles (>32 repeats) have been identified in healthy Peruvian Indigenous American individuals, with unclear significance. This study aims to characterize the variability of the ATTCT repeats within the ATXN10 gene across self-declared Indigenous American and Mestizo subpopulations from Peru. A total of 871 samples (754 Mestizo and 117 Indigenous American) were analyzed using PCR, and RP-PCR when suspecting apparent homozygosity due to expanded alleles. 8.7% of the total of healthy individuals (76/871) carry at least an expanded allele. The 14-repeat allele being the most common for both subpopulations (41.5%). Expanded alleles were detected in the Peruvian population (4.5%) with a significantly higher frequency among self-declared Indigenous American compared to Mestizo, suggesting a possible association with the ethnic origin. The G allele at the SNP rs41524547 had a frequency of 51.39% in individuals with expanded alleles, with not significantly difference between subpopulations. Further analysis should be performed to confirm the size and composition of ATTCT repeat tract, as well as the contribution of rs41524547 in SCA10.