bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Entropy Phosphide Catalyst‐Based Hybrid Electrolyzer: A Cost‐Effective and Mild‐Condition Approach for H2 Liberation from Methanol
Authors: Zhao Xueting , Sun Wei , Liu Xi , Lu Zhiwen , Chen Kai , Gao Jiyuan , Chen Junxiang , Zhang Hao , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMethanol as a hydrogen carrier provides a practical solution for H2 storage and transport, but traditional reforming faces challenges with low efficiency, CO2 emissions, and the need for specialized infrastructure. In this study, a reliable approach for fabricating low‐cost electrodes is presented by in situ growing high‐entropy phosphide nanoparticles on nickel foam (FeCoNiCuMnP/NF). This cost‐effective design is specifically engineered for alkaline methanol oxidation reactions (MOR), achieving a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an applied voltage of only 1.32 V, while also demonstrating exceptional selectivity for formate products. Advanced Monte Carlo (ML‐MC) simulations identify copper as the predominant surface element and highlight phosphorus coordination as a key factor in enhancing catalytic activity. The field is advanced with a pioneering hybrid acid/alkali flow electrolyzer system, integrating FeCoNiCuMnP/NF anode and commercial RuIr/Ti cathode to enable indirect hydrogen liberation from methanol. This system requires an electrolytic voltage as low as 0.58 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and remains stable for hydrogen liberation over 300 h of operation. This achievement not only offers a highly efficient alternative to indirectly liberate H2 stored in methanol but also establishes a new benchmark for sustainable and economically viable H2 production.
Stabilizing Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite with Nanoscale Inorganic Halide Barriers for Next‐Generation Tandem Technology
Authors: Kim Sunwoo , Im Doyun , Yun Yeonghun , Vidyasagar Devthade , Yang Sung Woong , Choi Won Chang , Gunasekaran Rajendra Kumar , Lee Sangheon , Kim Yong Tae , Woo Mun Young , Kim Dong Hoe , Noh Jun Hong , Heo Jaeyeong , Chung Roy Byung Kyu , Lee Sangwook 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) play a crucial role in advancing perovskite‐based tandem solar cells. In WBG perovskite films, grain boundary (GB) defects are the main contributors to open‐circuit voltage (VOC) deficits and performance degradation. This report presents an effective strategy for passivating GBs by incorporating an inorganic protective layer and reducing the density of GBs in perovskite films. This is achieved by integrating potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) into I‐Br mixed halide WBG perovskites. It is reported for the first time that the incorporation of KSCN creates band‐shaped barriers along the GBs. In addition, KSCN enlarges the grains of perovskite film. Elemental and structural analyses reveal that these barriers are composed of potassium lead halide. Incorporating KSCN significantly enhances the fill factor and VOC of WBG single‐junction PSCs by reducing trap density. This results in high power conversion efficiencies of 19.22% (bandgap of 1.82 eV), 20.45% (1.78 eV), and 21.54% (1.70 eV) with a C60/bathocuproine electron transport layer, and 18.51% (1.82 eV) with a C60/SnO2. Furthermore, both operational and shelf stabilities are significantly improved due to reduced light‐induced halide segregation. By using inorganic‐halide‐passivated WBG sub‐cells, a monolithic all‐perovskite tandem solar cell with an efficiency of 27.04% is demonstrated.
A MXene Modulator Enabled High‐Loading Iodine Composite Cathode for Stable and High‐Energy‐Density Zn‐I2 Battery
Authors: Li Dandan , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Cheng Long , Xie Sida , Yu Han‐Ping , Zhang Wei , Xu Zhenming , Ma Ming‐Guo , Li Heng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAchieving both high iodine loading cathode and high Zn anode depth of discharge (DOD) is pivotal to unlocking the full potential of energy‐dense Zn‐I2 batteries. However, this combination exacerbates the detrimental shuttle effect of polyiodide intermediates, significantly impairing the battery's reversibility and stability. Herein, this study reports an advanced high‐loading iodine cathode (denoted as MX‐AB@I) enabled by a multifunctional Ti3C2Tx MXene modulator, which presents high stability and energy density in Zn‐I2 batteries. Through comprehensive experimental and theoretical analyses, the intrinsic regulating mechanisms are elucidated by which the MXene modulator effectively suppresses polyiodide shuttling, enhances iodine conversion kinetics, and dramatically improves Zn anode reversibility. With the aid of the MXene modulator, the MX‐AB@I composite cathode achieves a high iodine mass loading of 23 mg cm−2 and realizes a practically high areal capacity of 4.0 mAh cm−2. When paired with a thin Zn anode (10 µm), this configuration realizes a high Zn DOD of 78.7% and a high energy density of 171.3 Wh kg−1, surpassing the majority of Zn‐I2 battery systems reported in the literature. This study presents an effective approach to designing high‐loading iodine cathodes for Zn‐I2 batteries by leveraging MXene modulators to regulate critical electrochemical reaction processes.
Anatase‐reinforced PtZn@Silicalite‐1 structured catalysts boosting propane dehydrogenation
Authors: Xia Liming , Zhang Bofeng , Hou Gang , Zhang Shuo , Wang Li , Liu Guozhu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStructured catalysts exhibit the advantages of high diffusion efficiency and low heat transfer resistance, which have attracted increasing attention to non‐adiabatic gas–solid process. However, the metal‐supported coating catalysts face the problems of weaker bond strength and severe sintering, especially under the conditions of large flow rate and high temperature. Herein, metal@Silicalite‐1 structured catalysts with high adhesion and thermal stability were successfully prepared by hydroxylating the substrate with anatase. Rich surface Ti‐OH significantly strengthened the adhesion stability of the zeolite coating. In propane dehydrogenation reaction, the optimized PtZn@S‐1‐15Ti showed a high specific activity of 49.6 molC3H6·molPt−1·s−1 with propylene selectivity above 99% at 600°C. The introduction of anatase accelerated the aggregation of silicon sources and induced nucleation with growth content of zeolite increased by 3.6 times. It breaks the inherent contradiction between high loading amount and strong binding ability of coated catalysts, which broadens the avenues for industrial applications.
Clinical significance of complete remission and measurable residual disease in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients treated with T‐cell redirecting immunotherapy
Authors: Zabaleta Aintzane , Puig Noemi , Cedena Maria‐Teresa , Oliver‐Caldes Aina , Perez José J. , Moreno Cristina , Tamariz‐Amador Luis‐Esteban , Rodriguez‐Otero Paula , Prosper Felipe , Gonzalez‐Calle Veronica , López‐Corral Lucía , Rey‐Búa Beatriz , Puertas Borja , Mirás Fátima , Sánchez‐Pina José María , López‐Muñoz Nieves , Juan Manel , González‐Navarro E. Azucena , Urbano Álvaro , de Larrea Carlos Fernández , Blade Joan , Lahuerta Juan‐José , Martinez‐Lopez Joaquín , Mateos Maria‐Victoria , San Miguel Jesús F. , Paiva Bruno 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe impact of measurable residual disease (MRD) in relapse/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients treated with T‐cell redirecting immunotherapy is uncertain. We analyzed MRD dynamics using next‐generation flow in 201 patients treated in clinical trials with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and T‐cell engagers (TCE). Achieving MRD negativity at 10−6 was associated with 89% reduction in the risk of progression and/or death. Survival outcomes were improved in patients with sustained versus transient MRD negativity and were dismal in those who remained MRD positive. The intent‐to‐treat MRD negative rates were higher in patients treated with CAR T cells versus TCE. However, among patients achieving MRD negativity, there were no differences in survival outcomes when stratified according to treatment with CAR T cells versus TCE. In multivariate analysis including the number of prior lines of treatment, International Staging System, cytogenetic risk, extramedullary disease and type of T‐cell redirecting immunotherapy, only the complete remission (CR) and MRD statuses showed independent prognostic value for progression‐free and overall survival. In conclusion, our study shows that deep and sustained MRD negative CR is the most relevant prognostic factor and should be considered as the treatment endpoint in RRMM patients treated with CAR T cells and TCE.
Ultrasmall Fe3O4 Nanoparticles on ZrO2 as Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation to Lower Olefins
Authors: Alghamdi Huda S. , Sanhoob Mohammed A. , Ajeebi Afnan M. , Aziz Md. Abdul , Nasiruzzaman Shaikh M. , Voon Lee Hwei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOrganic synthesis presents significant opportunities for converting the abundant and hazardous carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere into a more sustainable carbon source. To reduce the carbon footprint, we explored the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to lower (C2‐4=) olefins using various catalysts composed of ZrO2‐supported alkali‐metal‐promoted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs; Fe3O4). These catalysts are notable for their straightforward preparation; we employed a cost‐effective dry‐mixing method to create a range of alkali metal‐doped SPIONs supported on ZrO2. Results showed that the strong interactions between Fe3O4 and the ZrO2 support enhanced CO2 hydrogenation performance compared to other forms.. Under optimal conditions – using a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 4500 mL/h/gcat. and a feed ratio of H2:CO2=3 : 1 – this catalyst achieved over 22 % CO2 conversion and high selectivity for light (C2–4=) olefins at 30 bar and 375 °C, with 30 wt% Fe3O4 loading on ZrO2 and 2 wt% K promoter. We also investigated several variables, including alkali metal concentration, iron content, reaction conditions, and catalyst stability over 96 hours.
Mechanosynthesis of Enaminones and Mechanochemical Telescopic Synthesis of β,γ‐unsaturated Butyrolactams
Authors: Evangelista Edson , Cunha Silvio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe stereoselective mechanochemical synthesis of Z‐enaminones and bis‐enaminones was achieved without any solid component in most cases, reacting 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with aliphatic/aromatic primary/secondary amines, which demonstrates the viability of reacting exclusively liquid reagents. The scale‐up was robust, from five to fifty and five hundred mmol without reduction in the reaction yield. The mechanochemical telescopic synthesis of β,γ‐unsaturated butyrolactams was achieved by formal [3+2] azaanulation reaction of intermediate enaminone with maleic anhydride, boosting the access of this potentially bioactive class of compound. The mechanochemical approach revealed its sustainable face in both syntheses, avoiding solid grinding auxiliary and purification by column chromatography. A symbol was suggested to differentiate the representation of the planetary ball mill from other mechanochemical reactors, wherein three spheres are surrounded by two curved arrows representing the two inherent movements of planetary trajectories of the reaction vessel of this equipment.
A Comprehensive Review on Construction of Biologically Active α‐Carbolines From Synthetic And Natural Origin.
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Khanal Pratiksha , Laha Joydev K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstractα‐Carboline is an important scaffold present in various synthetic and naturally obtained bioactive compounds possessing a wide range of pharmacological properties. Hence, in the current comprehensive review, we intend to present the main routes to the synthesis of α‐carboline analogs based on various pathways such as pyrrole, benzene, and pyridine ring annulation. The pathways include either or combinations of transition metal‐catalyzed amination/arylation, Graebe‐Ullmann reaction (thermal pyrolysis, photochemical cyclization), Diels‐Alder cycloaddition and condensation reactions, N‐Heterocyclic carbene catalysed reactions, decarboxylative annulation, etc. of substituted benzene, pyridine, quinoline, and indole derivatives in order to compare the potential of synthetic routes of this series and consolidate the development, current status and perspectives for the design of α‐carboline analogs. Various pharmacological and spectroscopy functions of the compounds belonging to this class are summarized herewith. It also discusses the synthesis of functionalized bioactive naturally obtained hetero‐annulated α‐carbolines.
Organic Circularly Polarized Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence: Strategies, Applications and Challenges
Authors: Zou Xin , Gan Nan , Gao Yaru , Gu Long , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOrganic circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) plays crucial roles in chemistry and biology for the potential in chiral recognition, asymmetric catalysis, 3D displays, and biological probes. The long‐lived luminescence, large Stokes shift, and unique chiroptical properties make organic circularly polarized room‐temperature phosphorescence (CPP) a new research hotspot in recent years. Nevertheless, achieving high‐performance organic CPP is still challenging due to the sensitivity and complexity of integrating triplet excitons and polarization within organic materials. This review summarizes the latest advances in organic CPP, ranging from design strategies and photophysical properties to underlying luminescence mechanisms and potential applications. Specifically, the design strategies for generating CPP are systemically categorized and discussed according to the interactions between chiral units and chromophores. The applications of organic CPP in organic light‐emitting diodes, sensing, chiral recognition, afterglow displays, and information encryption are also illustrated. In addition, we present the current challenges and perspectives on developing organic CPP. We expect this review to provide some instructive design principles to fabricate high‐performance organic CPP materials, offering an in‐depth understanding of the luminescence mechanism and paving the way toward diverse practical applications.
Bioinspired “Intermolecular Pocket” in Soft Molecular Crystal of Porous Organic Cage Exhibiting Reversible Guest Recognition
Authors: Zhang Laiyu , Lei Qiong , Yi Mao , Zhang Zhiyuan , Lian Xin , Xu Jian , Zhang Shuo , Li Lin , Li Baiyan , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPorous Organic Cages (POCs) have gathered a lot of attention in sorts of fields. Previous studies often focused on the functionalization of their intrinsic porosity, while the utilization of the extrinsic porosity has been seldom reported. To date, the rational construction of functionalized extrinsic porosity in POCs is a serious challenge, which still relies on trial and error. Inspired by hydrophobic proteins, in the contribution, a POC (namely NKPOC‐DS) is obtained with hydrophobic “intermolecular pocket” as extrinsic porosity constructed through the assembly of disulfide bonds with hydrophobic groups, facilitating strong supramolecular interactions as confirmed by Electrostatic Potential (ESP) maps and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Notably, NKPOC‐DS exhibits a unique C2H6‐selective “breathing behaviour” due to the presence of softness in its extrinsic porosity, which does not extend to other gases such as C2H4, CH4, CO2, N2, and H2. Such specific recognition of C2H6 thus provides NKPOC‐DS with the ability to preferentially adsorb C2H6 from a C2H6/C2H4 mixture. The innovative approach of biomimicry in the design of functional POCs provides new insights into manipulating the packing of cages, paving the way for potential applications in guest recognition and adsorption separations.
Design, Synthesis, ssDNA Binding Affinities, and Evaluation of Novel Metal‐Centered Ferrocene as an Effective Antimicrobial and DNA Cleavage Agent
Authors: Dikim S. , Sarı N. , Özdemir F. , Arslan S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMetal (Co3+, Ni2+, and Pt2+)–centered and noncentered ferrocene–Schiff bases were prepared. They have been structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis, conductivity, and magnetic moment. Electron spin resonance was used for the characterization of the Co3+‐centered complex. All synthesized compounds showed antibacterial activity against all tested Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative strains, as well as potent antifungal effect against Candida species. Remarkably, these compounds demonstrated greater efficacy against Gram‐positive bacteria than Gram‐negative. Without an additional oxidant or reductant, the compounds exhibited DNA cleavage capability in the dark. The development of synthesized novel chemical compounds having DNA cleavage and antimicrobial activity plays a profound role in the advancement of medical therapeutics.
The Impact of Coordination Distortion on Magnetic Properties of Co (II) Single‐Ion Magnets With Trigonal Prism Coordination Geometry
Authors: Peng Guo , Peng Yong‐Bo , Zhou Guo‐Xing , Zhang Rong‐Yan , Ma Ying‐Zhao , Luo Shuchang , Ren Xiao‐Ming 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTwo Co (II) compounds [Co (abs)2]·2H2O (1) and [Co (pabs)2] (2) (Habs = N‐(pyridine‐2′‐yl methylene)‐2‐aminobenzene sulfonic acid, Hpabs = N‐[(pyridine‐2′‐yl)(phenyl)methylene]‐2‐aminobenzene sulfonic acid) were synthesized by the introduction of sulfonate ligands with different substitutions. Both Co (II) ions are located in a trigonal prism coordination environment with different coordination distortions. Static magnetic studies and theoretical calculations found that easy‐axis magnetic anisotropy is present in both complexes. The contributions of the negative D values are principally derived from the first quartet excited state. Dynamic magnetic investigations uncovered that both compounds have field‐induced single‐ion magnet (SIM) behavior and their magnetic relaxations mainly realize through Raman and direct pathways.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt–Organic Framework as an Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting Application
Authors: Abdelwahab Mohamed A. , Mohamed Gehad G. , Zayed Mohamed A. , Eliwa Ayman S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTClimate change is seen as a crucial environmental dilemma that humanity will confront in the upcoming decade. For this purpose, the solvothermal‐assisted technique is used to create metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous materials characterized by strong connections between organic ligands and metal ions. The MOF discussed here contains cobalt as the metal node and a linker derived from 2‐aminobenzoic acid and terephthalaldehyde. The prepared powder underwent analysis using various techniques including Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurement, and thermal analysis. BET analysis revealed a surface area of 1587.06 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.86394 cc/g, and an average pore size of 1.088 nm. The RGO@Co‐MOF prepared was utilized to evaluate water splitting efficiency, demonstrating favorable catalytic activity like most reported modified MOF catalysts under low current density conditions of 10 mA/cm2.
Sumac liposomes/mesenchymal stem cells fight methotrexate‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats via regulating Nrf‐2/Keap‐1/HO‐1 and apoptotic signaling pathways
Authors: Zahran Eman Maher , Mohyeldin Reham H. , Refaat Hesham , Abou‐Zied Hesham A. , ElNaggar Mai H. , Abbas Ghada M. , Maher Sherif A. , Saber Entesar Ali , Zarka Mohamed A. , Elrehany Mahmoud A. , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is commonly employed in cancer treatment, but its clinical use is restricted due to the MTX‐associated renal injury. This study investigates the combined potential of Rhus coriaria (sumac) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) against MTX‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The high‐resolution‐liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HR‐LC‐MS) of sumac extract tentatively identified 22 phytochemicals, mostly flavonoids, anthocyanins, and steroids. Preparation of sumac liposomes attained a suitable particle size of 3041.33 ± 339.42 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.208 ± 0.086, and an encapsulation efficiency of 84.92 ± 3.47%. Rat BMMSCs were injected into the tail vein of the experimental rats (0.5 × 106 cells, intravenous [iv]) of seven treated groups. The experimental design relies on either pre‐ or posttreatment of rats with intraperitoneal (IP) sumac liposomes (SL) (200 mg/kg, daily with a dose of MTX (300 µg/kg/14 days). The histopathological examination and serum analysis of creatinine and urea revealed good results, besides regulating levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Additionally, a significant decrease in the gene expression levels of B‐Cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) and caspases‐3 and −9, a remarkable increase in the Bcl‐2 Associated X‐Protein (Bax), nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme‐oxygenase 1 expression, and a downregulation of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1). Collectively, the coadministration of SL with BMMSCs might be a potent therapeutic strategy for attenuation of MTX‐induced renal damage. The network pharmacology analysis identified the involved key hub genes as KEAP1, Nrf2, HMOX1, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK1), nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐KB), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1B), and caspase‐3. The docking results revealed strong binding affinities of 7‐O‐methyl‐cyanidin‐3‐O‐(2″‐galloyl)‐galactoside with Keap1 and amentoflavone with MAPK. These insights pave the way for future experimental validation and therapeutic development of sumac‐based phytoconstituents against MTX‐induced nephrotoxicity.
Dysprosium‐Doped Glass‐Ceramics From the System Na2O‐Al2O3‐SiO2‐B2O3‐Dy2O3
Authors: Koseva I. , Tzvetkov P. , Ivanov P. , Gancheva M. , Nikolov V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTGlasses from the system Na2O‐Al2O3‐SiO2‐B2O3‐Dy2O3 are prepared with three different concentrations of the Dy3+ ion—0.5, 1, and 2 at%. Glass‐ceramics are obtained after thermal treatment of the parent glass at 580°С and 630°С during 2, 5, and 24 h. The crystallizing phases, the crystallinity degree, and the nano crystalline size are determined. The crystallizing phases after thermal treatment are NaAlSiO4 in two different modifications and Na3B3O6. XRD analyses show the presence of third unknown phase in some samples. Emission and excitation spectra of the glass‐ceramics show the characteristic peaks of Dy3+ (4F9/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 and 4F9/2 → 6H11/2 at 483, 575, and 668 nm, respectively). The yellow peak is dominating in all samples. The spectra show different intensity depending on the Dy3+ concentration, temperature, and time of the thermal treatment. This result suggests that the emission color can be controlled by these three factors.