bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical drying of paddy using BAU-STR dryer for reducing drying losses in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam MA , Saha CK , Alam MM 
Published: May 2019

Mechanical intervention in each stage of post-harvest operation of paddy is time demand due to increased cost of labour as well as shifting of labour from agriculture to non-agriculture sector. Mitigation of food demand of rapidly increasing population is becoming a major future challenge in agriculture sector. Drying of paddy is important for maintaining quality and long term storage of paddy. Among the drying methods, traditional sun drying is the most common practice in Bangladesh. Normally, farmers use yard in wet season (Boro & Aus) and field in dry season (Aman) to dry paddy. In this case, appropriate paddy drying technology could play a vital role to strengthen food security by reducing drying loss. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the drying loss of paddy both in traditional sun drying and mechanized drying method (BAU-STR dryer) at selected areas of Bangladesh. Popular and mega rice varieties cv. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan49 were used as drying materials to evaluate the performance of BAU-STR dryer with different dryer capacity i.e. 300, 400, 500 and 600 kg of paddy per batch. Drying losses of BAU-STR dryer were examined during Boro and Aman season of 2015 and 2016 whereas drying losses under open sun drying method was measured during Aman season 2017 in the selected areas of Tangail, Mymensingh, Netrokona and Jessore districts of Bangladesh. The results showed that the average drying loss of paddy in BAU-STR dryer was found 0.48% and 0.36% during Boro and Aman seasons, respectively at 2015 and 2016 while sun drying loss at farmer’s field level was found 3.95, 3.24, 2.98 2.41 and 3.04% in Tangail, Mymensingh (Phulpur), Mymensingh (BAU), Netrokona and Jessore districts, respectively. The low cost BAU-STR dryer would be an alternative and effective drying technology to save 1.4 MMT of paddy by reducing 2.7% losses of national production (51.87 MMT) for combating hunger and improving food security in Bangladesh.
Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 42-50, 2019
Foot Length as a Predictor of Weight in Children up to Five Years
Authors: Shameem Md , Banu Nazneen Akhter , Bhuiyan ANM Nurul Haque , Islam Ariful 
Published: May 2019

Weight measurement is essential for the management of pediatric patients to calculate the dose of the drugs. But it is not possible to move the child to a weighing scale for determination of body weight when the child is in a critical condition. The purpose of this study was to check if foot length correlates with child’s body weight in our situation and to devise a formula for prediction of weight based on foot– length observed. This Cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford hospital, Dhaka over a period of 12 months between January 2008 and December 2008. A total of 300 children, between 0 day to five years, meeting the predefined eligibility criteria were included in the study. Using the available data, simple linear regression analysis was performed between the dependent variable weight and independent variable foot length. The estimated linear regression line was: Predicted weight (kg) = a+ [b× foot length]. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient (r) between foot length and children’s weight. In this study correlation between foot length and weight (r) was 0.92(P<0.001) indicating a perfect linear relationship between them. In the present study determination of correlation (r2) was 0.85 meaning that 85% of the variability in weight might be explained by variation in foot length. The estimated linear regression line was: Predicted weight (kg) = - 4.64 + [1.12 X foot length], where- 4.64 was the intercept and 1.12 was the slope of the regression line. Comparison between measured weight and predicted weight revealed that94% of variation between measured weight and predicted weight was within ±2kg. More than half of the cases (58.3%) the above-mentioned variations were within ±1kg. This study concluded, there was a strong correlation between foot length and weight in children up to five years. The body weight in children from 0 days up to the age of 5 years can be predicted from foot length. Prediction of weight simply by foot-length measurement could be a great help to the health care provider including doctors and health workers for drug dose calculation in critically ill children.
TAJ 2018; 31(2): 39-44
Determination of Mercury Impurities in Protamine Sulfate Medicament by Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Kim N. O. , Ivanovskaja E. A. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. The article presents data of the quantitative mercury determination in an aqueous solution of the pharmaceutical substance protamine sulfate by stripping voltammetry on graphite electrodes modified with a gold-polymer composition. The existing method to determine the mercury impurity in protamine sulfate according to the European Pharmacopoeia – multistage titration with dithizone – is laborious and does not allow to achieve repeatability.Aim. Analyzing the content of bioaccumulative mercury impurities in a protamine sulfate solution by stripping voltammetry. Materials and methods. Protamine Sulfate Substance (Manufacturer Alps Pharmaceutical Industry Co.Ltd). Experimental data were obtained on a TA-4 semi-automatic analyzer (OOO NPP Tomianalit, Tomsk) with VALabTx software.Results and discussion. We adapted the method for mercury determination in water and presented the results of its testing on protamine sulfate solution. The results of testing the electrode operation using the «entered-found» method are given, the results of a single mercury analysis were included in the interval 0, 0038–0,0063 mg/l, which confirms their readiness for work. This interval is registered in the methodology and means the limits of permissible deviations. The limits of detection of mercury on the device are 10-6 –10-10 mol/l. We prepared a solution with concentrations of 10 mg/m from the protamine sulfate substance and measured it on prepared electrodes. The mercury content in the test sample was 0.00034 mg/l. According to the certificate of protamine sulfate, the mercury content should be ≤10 ppm. We studied the effect in changing of accumulation time. The optimal accumulation time was 80 seconds, because under standard conditions, not all mercury concentrates on the electrode surface, and above 80 seconds there is no significant increase in mercury content.Conclusion. The proposed method for mercury determination in water by stripping voltammetry on graphite electrodes modified with a gold-polymer composition can be adapted to determine bioaccumulative mercury in the pharmaceutical substance protamine sulfate. The findings suggest that this method can be used in quality control of medicines, as an alternative express method for mercury impurities determination to the existing multistage titration method with dithizone.
The Antiviral Activity Study of Complex Drug with Aminocapronic Acid for Prevention of Influenza and ARVI
Authors: Karpova A. S. , Kochkina Y. V. , Kedik S. A. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction.Influenza and acute respiratory viral infection (hereinafter – ARVI) are serious diseases that affect up to 500 million people worldwide every year. From 27.3 to 41.2 million people are registered annually in Russia. Thus, the urgent task is to develop new effective drugs aimed at the prevention and treatment of the above diseases. The drug composition for intranasal use based on aminocaproic acid with antiviral activity and a copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine with a proven immunostimulating action was developed.Aim.Study of the antiviral activity of the complex drug composition with aminocaproic acid and a copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine.Materials and methods.To reach this goal, preparations with different ratios of active substances were used to identify the best efficacy. The study was conducted in comparison with the known drug zanamivir. Antiviral activity was studied against influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) virus in white outbred mice upon nasal administration of the test samples. The activity evaluation of the studied drugs was carried out according to the weight values and the death dynamics control and experimental groups of animals. Infectious activity of the virus in the lung tissue of animals was assessed on day 5 after infection by titration on a culture of MDCK cells in a nutrient medium MEM. Virus titer was expressed in logarithm of 50% of the virus experimental infectious dose (lg TCID50) per 200 μl of medium.Results and discussion.Based on the data obtained during the study of the weight values dynamics and the dynamics of animal death, the drug showed a maximum antiviral activity with a 2:1 ratio of active substances, which is confirmed by the data on viral activity in the lungs of animals, the virus titer was 1.9±0.3 (p=0.616) lg TCID50/0.2 ml.Conclusion.Antiviral activity of the complex preparation based on aminocaproic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone and 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine copolymer was studied, the most effective ratio of active substances was found, it is 2:1. Thus this complex preparation with a ratio of active substances 2:1 reduced the viral load level in the lung tissue of infected mice by more than two times relative to the control group. Therefore, this combination of active substances can be used to develop a promising drug for nasal use as treatment and prevention of influenza and ARVI.
Soft Medical Form with Nanoparticles to Stop Bleeding: Substantiation of Composition and Technology of Obtaining
Authors: Barsukova Yu. N. , Melnikova O. A. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. Due to the growth of general surgical diseases, the treatment and cessation of bleeding is an important problem of medicine and pharmacy. The existing range of hemostatics does not always meet the needs of medical practice and does not provide a wide choice of drugs. Given the great need for drugs to stop bleeding, their development is an urgent task for the modern pharmaceutical industry. One of the promising areas of the creation of dosage forms is the development of hemostatic ointment. Soft dosage forms with optimal rheological characteristics are characterized by a good degree of spreading and easy extrusion of tubes. In the present work, the composition and technology of hemostatic ointment with a nanocomponent was proposed.Aim. Justification of the optimal composition by studying the rheological parameters and the development of technology for producing a soft dosage form with nanoparticles to stop bleeding.Materials and methods. The pharmaceutical substance was aminocaproic acid (FS.2.1.0001.15), iron III chloride (GOST 4147-74), iron oxide nanoparticles (GOST R 57909-2017). The nanoparticles used in this work were obtained by a levitation jet method in a carrier gas medium. The work used technological, physical and chemical research methods. The method of rotational viscometry on the instrument Haake VT550 viscometer is described methodically in detail. Statistical processing of the results was carried out according to the GF XIV methods using standard computer programs.Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the viscosity of the ointment samples studied gradually decreased with an increase in shear rate, but was non-linear. This dependence is characteristic of systems with a plastic type of flow and characterizes the samples under study as a structured dispersed system. It was also found that the samples of the soft dosage form had thixotropic properties. This in turn serves as an indicator of good lubrication and extrusion of tubes.Conclusion. A production technology has been proposed and a technological scheme for the production of a hemostatic soft dosage form with nanoparticles has been designed.
Research and Development of the Composition and Technology Receving of Granules of Omeprazol in the Fluid Bed Apparatus
Authors: Mazova N. V. , Marchenko A. L. , Smehova I. E. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. In this research is devoted to questions of development of structure and technology of granules of an omeprazole. It is established that the most optimal dosage form for medicines of inhibitors of a proton pump is considered to be the tablet with a multiple-unit pellets system (microparticles). In this case of the production of these medicines in the microgranules of a particle are covered with several protective covers. For development of microgranules of an omeprazole is offered the technology of lamination in the fluid bed apparatus.Aim. To receive in the fluid bed apparatus of the microgranules of an omeprazole covered with the enteric cover.Materials and methods. To solve this problem technical characteristics on the granulates of an omeprazole received at various operating modes of the fluid bed apparatus are defined such as form of granules, fractional structure and bulk density are determined by the methods described by the State Pharmacopeia of the XIII edition.Results and discussion. As a result of a research the choice of polymers for layered deposition in the granulation process of a substance of omeprazole is substantiated. Produced selection of enteric polymer of various firms of producers is made for providing a necessary profile of release of an omeprazole in a human body. A copolymer of methacrylic acid – Kollicoat MAE 100 P is chosen. Special attention is paid to receiving the enteric granules of an omeprazole of the correct spherical form with minimum roughness and the improved flowability for further tabletting. For the purpose of receiving granules of an omeprazole of a spherical form selection of an optimum operating mode of the device of a fluid bed apparatus is made for implementation of process of applying the enteric polymer. Following the results of experiments the dependence of quality of fractional structure and appearance of granules of an omeprazole on temperature, pressure and feed rate of polymer is defined. Besides, it is established that the uniformity of application and thickness of a layer of the applied enteric polymer on granules of an omeprazole depend not only on the polymer feed rate, but also on the size of drops of the feed solution.Conclusion. It is established that the quality of the granules of an omeprazole received the enteric polymer was affected by such factors of technological parameters of the fluid bed apparatus as: temperature of the entering air in the apparatus, the air pressure upon a nozzle, air pressure upon a gas-distributing grid of the apparatus, speed of the given polymer, a lot of loading of granules, air temperature of a layer of granules, duration of drying of granules upon termination of process of application of the enteric polymer.
Features of Microelements Express-determination in Medicinal and Nonoficinal Plants by X-Ray-Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Makarova M. P. , Syroeshkin A. V. , Maksimova T. V. , Matveeva I. S. , Pleteneva T. V. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. The chemical composition of plants depends on the elemental composition of the habitat, and also reflects the species and individual characteristics of the plant. Before using any plant for medicinal purposes, it is also necessary to collect as much information as possible about the elemental composition of the feedstock.Aim. Consequently, it became possible to create a method for the rapid determination of trace elements in plants using the X-Ray fluorescent method.Materials and methods. In accordance with the international intercalibration standard in the IAEA system (IAEA-433), an international standard sample NIST SRM 2976, certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA), was used to provide external quality control (QA/QC) of laboratory elemental analysis. For Zn the results of plant raw powder materials analysis by XRF (express analysis) were compared with AAS by electrothermal atomization and Zeeman background correction after microwave acid mineralizationof biomaterials. To ensure the reproducibility of the results of XRF-express analysis, it is absolutely necessary to carry out mild drying and dispersion of the plant material.Results and discussion. The results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the elemental composition of the fruits (fructus Anethi graveolens L.), the seeds (semina Cucurbitae pepo L., semina Menthae arvensis L., semina Cucumis sativa L., semina Kalanchoës daigremontianae) and leaves (folia Callisiae fragrantis L.) of medicinal and nonoficinal plants are presented in the article. The methods of XRF and AAS analysis have been developed for the technology of essential micoelements enrichment in of Callisiae fragrantis control leaves at different ratios of hydrogen isotopologues (D/H) in the water.Conclusion. For example, zinc(II) has demonstrated the ability to create modified plants with high content of essential microelement, up to 1.4 mg /g dry weight.
HPLC-Analysis of Phenolic Complex in Pectoral Species № 4 and it’s Dry Extract
Authors: Skibina A. A. , Bokov D. O. , Gravel I. V. , Ermakova V. A. , Samylina I. A. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction. There is steady upward trend in demand for herbal formulation necessitates the expansion of their range. Recent studies have shown that one of the promising research direction is the development of herbal collection based water-soluble dry extracts. Pectoral species № 4 is one of the most popular among multi-component herbal preparations on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Experimental samples of a dry extract were obtained on the collection basis. According to literature, phenolic compounds predominate both in individual components and pectoral species № 4. Therefore, the end-to-end standardization of the collection and its dry extract by the content of the substances seems to be relevant.Aim. The present study was performed to examine the dry extract phenolic compounds composition, as well as, to search for marker compounds for the end-to-end standardization of pectoral species № 4 and dosage forms based on it.Materials and methods. The composition and content of phenolic complex were studied by HPLC with UV detection in pectoral species № 4 and its dry extract. Detection was performed at wavelengths of 350, 300, 270, 210 nm. The quantitative content (%) of the identified compounds was determined by an external standard method.Results and discussion. HPLC-analysis revealed 58 compounds in pectoral species № 4 and 34 in the extract. Rutin, arbutin, liquraside, liquiritin, quercetin, chlorogenic, caffeic and gallic acid have been identified in all study objects; their quantitative content varied within a range of 0,001−0,910%.Conclusion. Arbutin, rutin and chlorogenic acid have been proposed as marker compounds.
PRAKTIK PENCEGAHAN KEHAMILAN TIDAK DIINGINKAN PADA REMAJA
Authors: Panjaitan Arip Ambulan 
Published: May 2019

Pada tahun 2010 kehamilan remaja di Indonesia menunjukkan hamil di luar nikah di luar nikah karena diperkosa 3,2%, karena sama-sama menginginkan sebanyak 12,9%, dan tidak terduga sebanyak 45% dan seks bebas mencapai 22,6%. Angka kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan (KTD) di Kalimantan Barat mencapai 24,9%. Artinya di setiap 1.000 kelahiran, terdapat 24,9% KTD di usia 15-19 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan sikap terhadap kehamilan di Luar nikah pada remaja di SMA Adisucipto Kubu Raya tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional, penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Adisucipto, dengan sampel 96 orang yang telah memenuhi kriteria, untuk analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil perhitungan didapatkan pengetahuan kehamilan di luar nikah yaitu sebagian besar responden yaitu 73 responden (76%) memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang dan untuk kategori sikap didapatkan hasil sebagian besar responden yaitu 61 responden (63,5%) tidak mendukung. Dan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang dengan kategori tidak mendukung 47 orang (49%), sedangkan responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang dengan kategori sikap mendukung sebanyak 26 orang (27%). Adapun responden yang memiliki pengetahuan cukup dengan kategori sikap tidak mendukung sebanyak 14 orang (15%), sedangkan responden yang memiliki pengetahuan cukup dengan kategori mendukung 9 orang (9%). Hasil perhitungan X2 hitung 0,594 sedangkan angka pada tabel Chi Kuadrat tahap signifikan 5% db = 1 adalah 3,841. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan sikap terhadap kehamilan di luar nikah pada remaja di SMA Adisucipto tahun 2018. Saran untuk SMA Adisucipto semoga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan bagi pihak sekolah dengan diadakan penyuluhan kesehatan dari tenaga kesehatan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi untuk siswa-siswi agar terhindar dari kehamilan di luar nikah.
Some aspects of food safety from animal origin
Authors: József Fenyvessy  
Published: May 2019

The relationship between the civilisation illnesses and incorrect nutrition can be considered as demonstrated. The functional foods having one or several nutritional- biological advantage can contribute to the healthy nutrition and to improving the quality of life. Beside the healthy nutrition it is an another important requirement that the food does not contain pathogens or substances of chemical and biological origin namely it has to be safe. In this publication the foods of animal origin were investigated in the point of view of public health hazards arising during their production and processing.The contamination and infection of food raw materials, the consequence of chemical substances getting in or developing it the food, the judgement of food deviring from genetically modified or cloned animals are discussed.
PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogea L.) AKIBAT PEMBERIAN TAKARAN PUPUK KANDANG DOMBA DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TRUBUS
Authors: Budiasih Raden 
Published: May 2019

We report the dose of sheep manure and POC concentration Poster which aims to study changes in the dose of sheep manure and Poster POC concentration on growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.). This research is compiled in a randomized block design (RAK) factorial design consisting of two factors. The first factor sheep manure dosage form consists of three levels ie d1 (5 t ha-1), d2 (10 ton ha-1) and d3 (15 ton ha). The second factor in the form of the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer Poster consists of three levels ie p1 (1 ml-1), p2 (3 ml l-1) and P3 (5 ml l-1), respectively - each combination treatment was repeated 3 times. Different test average - average use multiplerange test duncant 5% significance level. Award dose sheep manure and POC concentration Poster melihatkan their interaction on plant height 9 MST, pong numberper plant and weight of pods per plant, giving a high dose of manure that requires concentration POC rendah. Secara an Independent Award dose effect of manure 10 ton ha-1 and 15 ton ha-1 showed the best effect on the plant height ages 5 and 7 MST MST, the percentage of pithy pods and number of seeds per plant.