bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of S-PRG Filler-Containing Toothpaste in Inhibiting Demineralization of Human Tooth Surface
Authors: Amaechi Bennett T. , Kasundra Hariyali , Joshi Deepika , Abdollahi Azadeh , Azees Parveez A. A. , Okoye Linda O. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
Using an established pH-cycling caries model, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of toothpastes containing Surface Pre-reacted Glass-ionomer filler (S-PRG) in preventing tooth surface demineralization.

Materials and Methods:
210 tooth blocks were randomly assigned to seven experimental groups (30 blocks/group): no treatment (A), and toothpaste containing either NaF (B), 0 wt% S-PRG (C), 1 wt% S-PRG (D), 5 wt% S-PRG (E), 20 wt% S-PRG (F) or 30 wt% S-PRG (G). Groups were subjected to 14-day demineralization for development of early caries lesions using a pH-cycling caries model. Demineralization was assessed using Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF) and Transverse Microradiography (TMR). All pairwise contrasts (between treatments) were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and then Tukey’s HSD for multiple comparisons. All p-values are considered significant if <0.05.

Results:
With QLF, there was a significant (ANOVA; p<0.001) difference in mean percent fluorescence loss (∆F) observed among the groups. Relative to control, all S-PRG-containing toothpastes significantly (Tukey’s; p<0.0001) inhibited demineralization at varying percentages (48.6%, 61.3%, 67.4% and 69.8% reduction with S-PRG 1%, 5%, 20% and 30% respectively). Demineralization reduction was not significant with either NaF (15.6% reduction) or 0% S-PRG (-2.5% reduction i.e. 2.5% more demineralization than the Control) when compared to control group. Mineral loss assessed using TMR followed a similar trend as fluorescence loss.

Conclusion:
Toothpaste containing S-PRG filler can serve as an effective caries control tool. S-PRG filler-containing dentifrice to be more effective in preventing tooth demineralization than 1100 ppm fluoride provided as sodium fluoride.
Is Conservative Surgery the Best Approach for Peripheral Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors?
Authors: Flores Isadora Luana , Schneider Tissiana Rachel Rossi , Vasconcelos Ana Carolina Uchoa , Tarquinio Sandra Beatriz Chaves , Alves de Mesquita Ricardo , Gomes Ana Paula Neutzling 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Peripheral Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors (CEOT) rich in clear cells are a rare entity in the oral cavity, with only 14 previous case reports in the English literature. None have discussed recommended treatment approaches for extraosseous CEOT.

Objective:
This brief descriptive review describes a treatment approach for peripheral CEOT including the clear cell variant.

Study design:
A complete review of all well-documented extraosseous case reports with an emphasis on the treatment was performed. Additionally, the present article reports a case of a 21-year-old woman with an asymptomatic swelling in the gingiva finally diagnosed as peripheral CEOT abundant in clear cells.

Results:
Twenty-four cases of peripheral CEOT were described; conservative surgery was the first treatment approach in approximately 80% of cases, with only one recurrence.

Discussion:
Clear cell finding was not associated with more aggressive behavior.

Conclusion:
Conservative surgery may be an advantageous approach for this group of peripheral lesions with or without clear cells, with a recurrence rate of approximately 4%.
Chemical Constituents Isolated from Rhododendron ungernii with Antioxidant Profile
Authors: Dede Emine , Genc Nusret , Elmastas Mahfuz , Aksit Huseyin , Erenler Ramazan 
Published: October 2018

Background:Plant in Rhododendron genus that contains phenolic compounds has been used in traditional medicine and revealed considerable biological activities.Objective:Isolation and identification of antioxidant natural products from Rhododendron ungernii.Methods:Rhododendron ungernii Trautv. flowers were collected and dried in shade. The dried flowers were extracted with methanol for 3 days. The solvent was removed by reduced pressure to yield the extract which was subjected to column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, C18 reversed phase column) to isolate catechin-7-O-glucoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2), quercetin-3-O- β-xyloside (3), farrerol (4), myricetin (5), and quercetin (6). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and LC-TOF/MS. DPPH scavenging effect, ABTS+ scavenging activity, and reducing power (FRAP) were performed for antioxidant assays of isolated natural compounds.Results:Isolated flavonoids displayed the outstanding antioxidant activities. Catechin-7-O-glucoside (1) and quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2) (IC50, 3.66 µg/mL) had the most DPPH• scavenging effect among the compounds. The highest ABTS•+ scavenging activity (IC50, 1.41 µg/mL) and reducing power effect (6.05 mmol TE/g comp) were observed for myricetin (5).Conclusion:R. ungernii extract and isolated compounds could be a promising antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical industries.
On Energy-constrained Quickest Path Problem in Green Communication Using Intuitionistic Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Sharma Ashutosh , Kumar Rajiv , Bajaj Rakesh K. 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
A new variant of energy-constrained Quickest Path Problem (QPP) is being addressed in
Intuitionistic Trapezoidal Fuzzy environment. The consideration of energy with QPP enables to compute the
path for continuity aware critical applications. This new variant problem called as Energy-constrained Intuitionistic
Trapezoidal Fuzzy Quickest Path Problem (EITFQPP) has been considered and the computations for quickest
path have been carried out.

Methods:
As one of the important feature of the proposed model, the weight parameters associated
with a given link, e.g., delay, capacity, energy and data which are completely unknown and therefore,
based on the real life situations, they may be assumed as intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. An
algorithm to solve the EITFQPP for transmitting the fuzzy data in the network, where the nodes are associated
with a sufficient amount of energy (imprecise) for continuous data flow, has been proposed.

Results:
In order to illustrate the implementation of the proposed algorithm, a numerical example of
a benchmark network has been provided. The proposed algorithm successfully provides a quickest
path using shortest paths computations under the energy constrained approach.

Conclusion:
The illustration through a numerical example shows the effectiveness of consideration
of energy in the selections of set of paths. Finally, some of the possible directions for the future research
are also discussed.
Analysis of Non-Linear Activation Functions for Classification Tasks Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Dureja Aman , Pahwa Payal 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In making the deep neural network, activation functions play an important
role. But the choice of activation functions also affects the network in term of optimization and to
retrieve the better results. Several activation functions have been introduced in machine learning for
many practical applications. But which activation function should use at hidden layer of deep neural
networks was not identified.

Objective:
The primary objective of this analysis was to describe which activation function must be
used at hidden layers for deep neural networks to solve complex non-linear problems.

Methods:
The configuration for this comparative model was used by using the datasets of 2 classes
(Cat/Dog). The number of Convolutional layer used in this network was 3 and the pooling layer was
also introduced after each layer of CNN layer. The total of the dataset was divided into the two parts.
The first 8000 images were mainly used for training the network and the next 2000 images were
used for testing the network.

Results:
The experimental comparison was done by analyzing the network by taking different activation
functions on each layer of CNN network. The validation error and accuracy on Cat/Dog dataset
were analyzed using activation functions (ReLU, Tanh, Selu, PRelu, Elu) at number of hidden
layers. Overall the Relu gave best performance with the validation loss at 25th Epoch 0.3912 and validation
accuracy at 25th Epoch 0.8320.

Conclusion:
It is found that a CNN model with ReLU hidden layers (3 hidden layers here) gives
best results and improve overall performance better in term of accuracy and speed. These advantages
of ReLU in CNN at number of hidden layers are helpful to effectively and fast retrieval of images
from the databases.
Characteristics of Adopters of an Online Social Networking Physical Activity Mobile Phone App: Cluster Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Sanders Ilea , Short Camille E , Bogomolova Svetlana , Stanford Tyman , Plotnikoff Ronald , Vandelanotte Corneel , Olds Tim , Edney Sarah , Ryan Jillian , Curtis Rachel G , Maher Carol 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

To date, many online health behavior programs developed by researchers have not been translated at scale. To inform translational efforts, health researchers must work with marketing experts to design cost-effective marketing campaigns. It is important to understand the characteristics of end users of a given health promotion program and identify key market segments.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the adopters of Active Team, a gamified online social networking physical activity app, and identify potential market segments to inform future research translation efforts.

METHODS

Participants (N=545) were Australian adults aged 18 to 65 years who responded to general advertisements to join a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the Active Team app. At baseline they provided demographic (age, sex, education, marital status, body mass index, location of residence, and country of birth), behavioral (sleep, assessed by the Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index) and physical activity (assessed by the Active Australia Survey), psychographic information (health and well-being, assessed by the PERMA [Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Achievement] Profile; depression, anxiety and stress, assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale [DASS-21]; and quality of life, assessed by the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-12]). Descriptive analyses and a k-medoids cluster analysis were performed using the software R 3.3.0 (The R Foundation) to identify key characteristics of the sample.

RESULTS

Cluster analyses revealed four clusters: (1) younger inactive women with poor well-being (218/545), characterized by a higher score on the DASS-21, low mental component summary score on the SF-12, and relatively young age; (2) older, active women (153/545), characterized by a lower score on DASS-21, a higher overall score on the SF-12, and relatively older age; (3) young, active but stressed men (58/545) with a higher score on DASS-21 and higher activity levels; and (4) older, low active and obese men (30/545), characterized by a high body mass index and lower activity levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding the characteristics of population segments attracted to a health promotion program will guide the development of cost-effective research translation campaigns.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12617000113358; https://www.anzctr.org .au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371463

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

RR2-10.1186/s12889-017-4882-7
Mortality and healthcare costs in Medicare beneficiaries with AL amyloidosis
Authors: Quock Tiffany P , Chang Eunice , Munday Jennifer S , D'Souza Anita , Gokhale Sohum , Yan Tingjian 
Published: October 2018

Aims:
Examine mortality and healthcare costs in Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis.
Patients & methods:
Cases were identified in 2012–2015 Medicare 5% data with ≥1 inpatient/≥2 outpatient claims consistent with AL amyloidosis and ≥1 AL-specific treatment. Cases were matched 3:1 with disease-free controls. Descriptive statistics were reported.
Results:
A total of 249 (33.3%) cases were matched to 747 (66.7%) controls. A total of 19.7% of cases died within 1 year of follow-up versus 5.5% of controls; 30.6 versus 11.8% died within 2 years (p < 0.001). Mean (SD) costs in 1-year of follow-up were significantly higher among cases versus controls ($71,040 [65,766] vs $13,722 [27,493]; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Mortality was nearly four-times higher, and costs nearly five-times higher in beneficiaries with AL amyloidosis versus controls.
Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Keluarga Matrilinial Dalam Merawat Klien Perilaku Kekerasan Di Kota Padang
Authors: Nora Rista 
Published: October 2018

<p><em>Clients with violent behavior desperately need the support from the family continuously both internal and external family. Reduced support from external families will cause a heavy burden for internal families in caring for clients of violent behavior. The family’s burden that has had by family sach as objective and objective burden. This research aims to explore in depth the experience of matrilineal families in caring for clients of violent behavior Padang. This research uses qualitative method with phenomenology approach. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews of eight participants. Interview results were analyzed by Collaizi method. The results of the research were five main themes, namely the response felt by the family, the burden experienced, the support of the family, the expectation of the family and the fate. </em><em>It is expected that health services and health cadres, especially community mental health cadres, can provide information to the community about mental disorders and how to subscribe, so that the stigma in the community for clients and families is reduced in the hope that clients and families can be accepted by the community</em></p><p> </p><p>Klien dengan perilaku kekerasan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga secara terus menerus baik keluarga internal maupun eksternal. Berkurang nya dukungan dari keluarga eksternal akan menimbulkan beban yang berat bagi keluarga internal dalam merawat klien perilaku kekerasan. Beban yang dialami keluarga seperti beban objektif dan sobjektif. Partisipan pada penelitian ini sebanyak delapan orang, partisipan merupakan keluarga inti dan bersuku minang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi secara mendalam tentang pengalaman keluarga matrilinial dalam merawat klien perilaku kekerasan di kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data didapatkan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap delapan partisipan. Hasil wawancara dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode <em>Collaizi</em>. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat lima utama tema yaitu respon yang dirasakan keluarga, beban yang dialami, dukungan keluarga, harapan keluarga dan kepasrahan menerima kondisi pasien. Diharapkan kepada pelayanan kesehatan dan kader kesehatan khususnya kader kesehatan jiwa komunitas agar dapat memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat tentang gangguan jiwa dan cara penanggannya, sehingga stigma dimasyarakat untuk klien dan keluarga berkurang dengan harapan klien dan keluarga bisa diterima ditengan masyarakat</p>
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Tentang KDRT
Authors: Fatmawati Tina Yuli , Sari Mila Triana 
Published: October 2018

<p><em>A</em><em>pproximately 10-50% of women have experienced domestic violence, such as being hit or hurt by their partners followed by psychological aberrations. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of health education on domestic violence (KDRT) on family knowledge about domestic violence. This research is a quantitative research with pre experimental design with one group pre and post test design approach. The samples is 20 respondents. Sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data obtained by interview using questioner and univariate and bivariate analyzed by paried t-test. The result of the research from 20 respondents got the knowledge of the family before the health education as much as 6 respondents (30%) have poor knowledge and as many as 14 respondents (70%) have good knowledge, after health education as many as 20 respondents (100%) have knowledge the good one. The result of statistical test obtained (p-value = 0,000 &lt;0,05) means that there is influence of health education about domestic violence (KDRT) to family knowledge about domestic violence (CID) </em><em>in </em><em>Lebak Bandung </em><em>.</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p> </p><p>Sekitar 10-50% wanita pernah mengalami kejadian kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, seperti dipukul atau disakiti oleh pasangannya yang diikuti oleh penyimpangan secara psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang KDRT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain <em>pra </em><em>eksperimen </em>dengan pendekatan <em>one group pra </em>dan<em> post test design</em>. Jumlah sampel yaitu 20 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah <em>purposive sampling. </em>Data diperoleh dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji <em>paried t-test</em>. Hasil penelitian dari 20 responden didapat pengetahuan keluarga sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebanyak 6 responden (30%) memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang baik dan sebanyak 14 responden (70%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, sesudah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebanyak 20 responden (100%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Hasil uji statistik didapat <em>(p-value </em>= 0,000 &lt; 0,05) artinya ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) di kelurahan Lebak Bandung.</p>
Hubungan Pengetahuan Wanita Terhadap Pemeriksaan Papsmear Di Wilayah Puskesmas Garuda Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Heryani Reni 
Published: October 2018

<p><em>The incidence of cervical cancer incidence is highest compared to other types of cancer based on data from the Cancer Registration Agency of Indonesian Pathologist Association (IAPI), cervical cancer ranked first (17.2 %), followed by breast cancer (12.2 %). Not yet known exactly what causes of uterine cevical cancer, allegedly due to a virus that is called human papiloma virus (HPV). The purpose of this relationship of women knowledge of pap smear exaination in the work area of puskesmas Garuda Pekanbaru. The type of research used is analytical design with cross sectional design. The population of this research is women aged 30-34 years totaling 66 people using total sampling. From the data can be obtained that the respondents have less knowledge about the implementation of pap smear examination that is equal to 50.9 %. The result of research with statistic chi square showed that there was a significant correlation between mother knowledge about pap smear with pap smear examination, where p &lt; 0,05 (p = 0,000). As for that can be submitted to health officer more increase again give information and counseling about pap smear to mothers to increase mother konowledge about importance of pap smear for women reproduction health.</em></p><p> </p><p>Insidens kejadian kanker leher rahim paling tinggi dibandingkan jenis kanker lainnya. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Registrasi Kanker Ikatan Dokter Ahli Patologi Indonesia (IAPI), kanker leher rahim menduduki peringkat pertama (17,2%), diikuti kanker payudara (12,2%). Belum diketahui dengan pasti apa penyebab kanker serviks uterus, diduga kuat akibat virus yang bernama <em>Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)</em>. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Wanita Terhadap Pemeriksaan Pap Smear Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Garuda Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah <em>Deskritif</em> <em>Analitik</em> dengan rancangan “<em>Cross Sectional</em>“. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah wanita usia 30-34 tahun berjumlah 66 orang dengan menggunakan <em>Total Sampling</em>. Dari data dapat diperoleh bahwa responden mempunyai pengetahuan yang kurang tentang pelaksanaan pemeriksaan <em>pap smear</em> yaitu sebesar 50,9 %. Hasil penelitian dengan uji statistic <em>chi square</em> menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu tentang <em>pap smear</em> dengan pelaksanaan pemeriksaan <em>pap smear</em>, dimana p &lt; 0,05 (p = 0,000). Adapun yang dapat disimpulankan kepada petugas kesehatan lebih meningkatkan lagi memberikan informasi serta penyuluhan mengenai <em>pap smear</em> kepada ibu-ibu agar menambah pengetahuan ibu terhadap pentingnya pemeriksaan <em>pap smear</em> bagi kesehatan reproduksi wanita. </p>
Determinan Kejadian Ca Mammae Di Poli Rawat Jalan Bedah Rsud Dr. Achmad Mochtar
Authors: Sulung Neila , Yananda Rizki , Adriani Adriani 
Published: October 2018

<p>Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In Indonesia every year 1: 3 women per 1000 population are affected by breast cancer. Breast cancer is a cancer that attacks most women. The incidence of breast cancer is currently estimated at 39 per 100,000 population in 2008. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the risk of female breast cancer in surgical outpatient poly patients at Dr. Achmad Mochtar, Bukittinggi City. This study uses descriptive analytic method with a case control approach. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. The sample in this study were all women diagnosed with breast cancer, amounting to 50 cases and 50 controls with data processing through computerization. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the factors associated with the incidence of breast cancer were genetic (p = 0.009), menarche (p = 0.014), menopause (p = 0.016), hormonal contraception (p = 0,045), obesity (p = 0,043), and high food fat (p = 0.028). Conclusions of the study are factors related to the risk of breast cancer incidence are genetic, menarche, menopause, hormonal contraception, obesity and high-fat foods.<br /> </p><p>Penyakit kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia setiap tahun 1:3 wanita per 1000 penduduk terserang kanker payudara. Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling banyak menyerang perempuan. Angka kejadian kanker payudara saat ini diperkirakan 39 per 100.000 penduduk pada tahun 2008. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko kanker payudara wanita pada pasien poli rawat jalan bedah di RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Kota Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode <em>deskriptif analitik</em> dengan pendekatan <em>case control</em>. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>accidental sampling.</em> Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua wanita yang terdiagnosis kanker payudara, berjumlah 50 kasus dan 50 kontrol dengan pengolahan data melalui komputerisasi. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar kuisioner. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji <em>Chi-Square </em>(α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kanker payudara adalah genetik (p=0,009), <em>menarche</em> (p=0,014;), <em>menopause</em> (p=0,016), kontrasepsi hormonal (p=0,045), <em>obesitas </em>(p=0,043), dan makanan tinggi lemak (p=0,028). Simpulan penelitian adalah faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko kejadian kanker payudara adalah genetik, <em>menarche, menopause,</em> kontrasepsi hormonal, <em>obesitas</em> dan makanan tinggi lemak.</p>