bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is right coronary artery chronic total vessel occlusion impacting the surgical revascularization results of patients with multivessel disease? A retrospective study
Authors: Konstanty-Kalandyk Janusz , Bartuś Krzysztof , Piątek Jacek , Kędziora Anna , Darocha Tomasz , Bryniarski Krzysztof L. , Wróżek Marcin , Ceranowicz Piotr , Bartuś Stanisław , Bryniarski Leszek , Kapelak Bogusław 
Published: June 2018

Introduction
Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is common in the presence of other significantly narrowed coronary arteries. The impact of total occlusion and its association with completeness of revascularization on patients with multivessel disease undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) remains largely unknown.

Aim
The aim of our study was to compare CABG operation characteristics, as well as 30-day mortality, incidence of post-operative major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) between patients with and without CTO in right coronary artery (RCA).

Materials and Methods
A total of 156 consecutive patients were included in the analysis. CTO of RCA or right posterior descending artery (RPD) was diagnosed in 57 patients (CTO-RCA group). Coronary stenosis without CTO in RCA was diagnosed in 99 patients (nonCTO-RCA group). Baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups.

Results
The majority of patients had class II (49.1% vs. 46%, p = 0.86) or class III (42.1% vs. 43%, p = 1.0) Canadian Cardiovascular Society grading system symptoms. Patients in the CTO-RCA group had in average 2.2 grafts implanted, as opposed to 2.4 grafts in patients in the nonCTO-RCA group (p = 0.003). Graft to the RCA was performed in 40.3% patients in the CTO-RCA group and in 81% patients in the nonCTO-RCA group (p = 0.001). The 30-day mortality from any cause or cardiac cause did not differ between groups (7% vs. 2%, p = 0.14 and 3.5% vs. 2%, p = 0.57 respectively). In a multivariate analysis CTO in RCA or RPD and peripheral artery disease were independent predictors of post-operative MACCE (7.9 (1.434–43.045) p = 0.02; 18.8 (3.451–101.833) p < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions
Chronic total occlusion of RCA was found to be associated with smaller number of grafts performed during the CABG procedure. Although mortality between patients in the CTO-RCA and nonCTO-RCA groups did not differ, patients in the CTO-RCA group had higher incidence of post-operative MACCE.
Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Approach to α‐Aryl Amidines via Truce‐Smiles Rearrangement
Authors: Huang Ying , Yi Weiyin , Sun Qihui , Yi Fengping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed one‐pot approach to α‐aryl amidines from terminal alkynes, sulfonyl azides, and aryl sulfonamides via a Truce‐Smiles rearrangement under mild condition in good to excellent yields was reported for the first time. The formation of such aryl‐sp3 C−C bond previously could not be directly achieved by the common method. The stoichiometry of substrates played an important role in improving the yields of desired products. In addition, two sets of signals were observed in the 1H NMR spectra of α‐aryl amidines and their possible cause was investigated by the control experiments as well.magnified image
Large Scale Geographical Mapping of Essential Oil Volatiles in Heracleum (Apiaceae): Identification of Novel Compounds and Unraveling Cryptic Variation
Authors: Falahati‐Anbaran Mohsen , Mohammadi Bazargani Mitra , Rohloff Jens 
Published: June 2018

Conspecific populations of plants in their native range are expected to show considerable variation due to long‐term ecological and evolutionary factors. We investigated the levels of secondary metabolites in Heracleum including H. persicum a valuable medicinal plant to depict the magnitude of cryptic variation and the potential significance of novel chemical traits. The essential oil volatiles from fruits of 34 populations from different species of Heracleum in Iranian distribution range and a native of H. sphondylium and an invasive population of H. persicum from Norway were analyzed with GC/MS. Out of 48 compounds identified, a contrasting pattern in the level of two major compounds, octyl acetate and hexyl butyrate was found among all studied species. Interestingly, a significant geographic pattern was observed; the hexyl butyrate/octyl acetate ratio was high (range 1.8 – 3.2) in the northwestern Iranian populations of H. persicum compared to that in northern and central populations (range 0.3 – 0.9). Four populations from Zagros mountains also exhibited a unique composition. Anethole was found in two populations of H. persicum from central Zagros, which has not been previously reported for essential oil of fruits of Heracleum so far. The results suggest high efficiency of large scale sampling from distribution range of species in identifying novel compounds. The unique pattern of geographic structuring also provides novel information to unravel cryptic variation in Heracleum.
Recent fire activity in the boreal eastern interior of North America is below that of the past 2000 yr
Authors: Waito Justin , Girardin Martin P. , Tardif Jacques C. , Conciatori France , Bergeron Yves , Ali Adam A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe North American boreal forest has been developing since the end of the last glaciation approximately 10,000 yr ago. With climate warming and human occupation, it is anticipated that fire danger, ignition, and activity will be increasing, compromising forests’ benefits for generations to come. In this study, we show, however, that a century of rapid climate changes and human densification has had the opposite effect in the boreal eastern interior of the North American continent, reducing biomass burning to values below two millennia of historical levels. A multi‐millennial fire history was reconstructed for eight forested landscapes from the Lake of the Woods Ecoregion (LWE) located at the boreal–prairie ecotone. Fire history was reconstructed using a combination of archival (period 1920–2010), tree‐ring (stand initiations and fire scars: period 1690–2010), and lake sediment charcoal (2500BPto present) records. The archival record revealed recent large fires (>200 ha) in 1948, 1980, and 1988. An additional 19 fires were identified by the fire‐scar record. Fire events in 1805, 1840, 1863, and the 1890s were identified in numerous locations around multiple lakes suggesting that they were of large extents. In accordance with the tree‐ring record, the charcoal accumulation rate (CHAR) peak record generally identified the major fires but tended to lag from the tree‐ring records by several decades. WithinLWE, the long‐term charcoal record revealed thatCHARwas higher for each lake in the earlier portion of the record including the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly (AD−900 toAD1000), followed by a progressive decrease toward the cool Little Ice Age period. This decline was abruptly interrupted in the mid‐ to late 19th century with large synchronized fires, also reported over western and central North America, and resumed approximately four decades later. Fire disturbance level is today below the historical range, despite the accentuated climate warming. Aging of the forest landscape may create biodiversity loss notably in fire‐adapted species while at the same time setting the tone for major fires in upcoming decades if no action is taken for managing fuels.
The Role of Affect in Adolescents’ Online Literacies: Participatory Pressures in BookTube Culture
Authors: Ehret Christian , Boegel Jacy , Manuel‐Nekouei Roya 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOutside of compulsory schooling, adolescents become more responsible for maintaining their reading lives together, which is consequential for educators wishing to foster student identities as lifelong readers, writers, and digital designers. The authors describe the role of affect in a youth‐driven, online participatory culture, BookTube, in which participants are largely young adults just beyond compulsory school age. Analysis draws on poststructural conceptions of affect as distinct from emotion to develop the concept of participatory pressures. Participatory pressures complicate understandings of youth‐generated online cultures, showing specifically how BookTube's aesthetic norms create and maintain feelings of pressure about what style and content count. At the same time, participatory pressures contribute to BookTubers’ development of individual styles that attract viewers, such as using humor in playfulness and social critique. Implications consider how literacy educators may better prepare youths for affective experiences of maintaining shared reading lives in online participatory cultures.
Estimation of gaseous criteria air pollutants from road transport system in Lagos metropolis of Nigeria
Authors: Adepoju T. T. , Fakinle B. S. , Adesina O. A. , Okedere O. B. , Sonibare J. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAmbient air pollution by vehicular emissions is underestimated, especially in the major cities of Nigeria. The buildup of the emissions in the atmosphere is a major health concern. This study estimated the emissions of gaseous criteria air pollutants (CAPs) from the road transport system in the Lagos metropolis from the year 2004 to 2007. The study also determined the ground‐level concentrations of these pollutants for the years under review. Estimation of the emission rates of all types of vehicles was performed using an emission factor approach, while the ground‐level concentrations of the CAPs were determined using the Industrial Source Complex Short Term 3 view model. The results showed that the mean concentrations of carbon monoxide in the ambient air were 26,741.12, 31,675.95, 54,515.48, and 72,388.09 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m3) for years 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively, while the estimated concentrations for oxides of nitrogen were 1,377.91 μg/m3 for year 2004, and 1,620.76, 2,897.33, and 3,839.68 μg/m3, respectively, for the years 2005, 2006, and 2007. The estimated concentrations of sulfur dioxide during the study period were 51,354.16, 57,244.76, 113,083.26, and 136,332.01 μg/m3 for 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. For volatile organic compounds, the estimated concentrations were 3,839.68, 6,839.65, 7,067.62, and 8,431.35 μg/m3 for years 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. The results also show that the maximum ground‐level concentrations were highest along the roadside, and the average CAPs concentrations and cumulative exposure concentrations that were estimated throughout the study period are a major health concern, as these concentrations are several times higher than international limits.
An optical method for rapid examination of check development in decorative plywood panels
Authors: Burnard Michael David , Muszyński Lech , Leavengood Scott , Ganio Lisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCommon methods for assessment of surface checking in decorative plywood panels rely on manual handling and visual inspection of specimens, a laborious procedure practically limiting the number of materials and variables that may be considered within one project. In this study, a new automated optical method for detection and measurement of checks has been developed. This method was based on the digital image correlation principle, which allowed identification of checks as small as 0.2 mm wide and 1 mm long. Continuous measurement allowed reliable check counts, and measurement of check dimensions as they develop during exposure to drying conditions. A check severity index has been proposed. The method has been validated in exposure tests conducted in harsh but realistic conditions, to increase the likelihood of checking and reduce the test duration to 4 h. In addition, an innovative test setup allowed near simultaneous monitoring of check development in up to 48 panel specimens sized 30 × 30 cm. The efficiency of the method allows studies to examine an unprecedented number of treatments and replicates.
Intergenerational transmission of interpersonal strengths: The role of parent gender, family processes, and child characteristics
Authors: Liu Lisha , Xu Liangyuan , Luo Fang , Li Yanfang 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTInterpersonal strengths are important positive traits of human beings. This study investigated the phenomenon and mechanisms of the intergenerational transmission of interpersonal strengths. A total of 992 fourth‐to ninth‐grade children (48.1% boys, Mage = 12.63) and both mothers and fathers in China were involved in the present study. The results showed that fathers' (but not mothers') interpersonal strengths were directly associated with children's interpersonal strengths. Different transmission mechanisms of mothers and fathers were found: mother‐child relationships and fathers' parenting styles explained the association between parents' and children's interpersonal strengths and between marital relationships and children's interpersonal strengths. Consistent transmission effects and mechanisms were found across child grade, gender, and sibling status. The findings of the current study provide evidence of intergenerational correlations for both parents regarding interpersonal strengths. Parents (especially fathers) with interpersonal strengths can raise children with corresponding strengths through particular family processes regardless of child characteristics.
Rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Palhano-Fontes Fernanda , Barreto Dayanna , Onias Heloisa , Andrade Katia C. , Novaes Morgana M. , Pessoa Jessica A. , Mota-Rolim Sergio A. , Osório Flávia L. , Sanches Rafael , dos Santos Rafael G. , Tófoli Luís Fernando , de Oliveira Silveira Gabriela , Yonamine Mauricio , Riba Jordi , Santos Francisco R. , Silva-Junior Antonio A. , Alchieri João C. , Galvão-Coelho Nicole L. , Lobão-Soares Bruno , Hallak Jaime E. C. , Arcoverde Emerson , Maia-de-Oliveira João P. , Araújo Dráulio B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecent open-label trials show that psychedelics, such as ayahuasca, hold promise as fast-onset antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression.MethodsTo test the antidepressant effects of ayahuasca, we conducted a parallel-arm, double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in 29 patients with treatment-resistant depression. Patients received a single dose of either ayahuasca or placebo. We assessed changes in depression severity with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating scale at baseline, and at 1 (D1), 2 (D2), and 7 (D7) days after dosing.ResultsWe observed significant antidepressant effects of ayahuasca when compared with placebo at all-time points. MADRS scores were significantly lower in the ayahuasca group compared with placebo at D1 and D2 (p= 0.04), and at D7 (p< 0.0001). Between-group effect sizes increased from D1 to D7 (D1: Cohen'sd= 0.84; D2: Cohen'sd= 0.84; D7: Cohen'sd= 1.49). Response rates were high for both groups at D1 and D2, and significantly higher in the ayahuasca group at D7 (64%v.27%;p= 0.04). Remission rate showed a trend toward significance at D7 (36%v.7%,p= 0.054).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first controlled trial to test a psychedelic substance in treatment-resistant depression. Overall, this study brings new evidence supporting the safety and therapeutic value of ayahuasca, dosed within an appropriate setting, to help treat depression. This study is registered athttp://clinicaltrials.gov(NCT02914769).
Retroactive Interference in Visual Short-Term Memory
Authors: Mercer Tom 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Retroactive interference occurs when new information disrupts the retention of an existing representation, but its effects on visual short-term memory remain poorly understood. The present study examined three factors predicted to influence domain-specific retroactive interference, including the type of distractor, its temporal position, and the length of the retention interval. Participants compared target and test objects over a brief interval that either was unfilled or contained a similar or dissimilar distractor occurring 200 ms or 1.5 s after the target offset. Retention was influenced by the temporal position of the distractor and its relationship with the to-be-remembered target. Specifically, retroactive interference was only observed following the presentation of a dissimilar distractor that occurred 1.5 s after the target. These results suggest that novel distractors may be particularly interfering.
Anthropogenic Warming Impacts on Today's Sierra Nevada Snowpack and Flood Risk
Authors: Huang Xingying , Hall Alex D. , Berg Neil 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study investigates temperature impacts to snowpack and runoff‐driven flood risk over the Sierra Nevada during the extremely wet year of 2016–2017, which followed the extraordinary California drought of 2011–2015. By perturbing near‐surface temperatures from a 9‐km dynamically downscaled simulation, a series of offline land surface model experiments explore how Sierra Nevada hydrology has already been impacted by historical anthropogenic warming and how these impacts evolve under future warming scenarios. Results show that historical warming reduced 2016–2017 Sierra Nevada snow water equivalent by 20% while increasing early‐season runoff by 30%. An additional one third to two thirds loss of snowpack is projected by the end of the century, depending on the emission scenario, with middle elevations experiencing the most significant declines. Notably, the number of days in the future with runoff exceeding 20 mm nearly doubles under a mitigation emission scenarios and triples under a business‐as‐usual scenario. A smaller snow‐to‐rain ratio, as opposed to increased snowmelt, is found to be the primary mechanism of temperature impacts to Sierra snowpack and runoff. These findings are consequential to the prevalence of early‐season floods in the Sierra Nevada. In the Feather River Watershed, historical warming increased runoff by over one third during the period of heaviest precipitation in February 2017. This suggests that historical anthropogenic warming may have exacerbated runoff conditions underlying the Oroville Dam spillway overflow that occurred in this month. As warming continues in the future, the potential for runoff‐based flood risk may rise even higher.
Epigenetic regulation of the oxytocin receptor is associated with neural response during selective social attention
Authors: Puglia Meghan H. , Connelly Jessica J. , Morris James P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAberrant attentional biases to social stimuli have been implicated in a number of disorders including autism and social anxiety disorder. Oxytocin, a naturally-occurring mammalian hormone and neuromodulator involved in regulating social behavior, has been proposed to impact basic biological systems that facilitate the detection of and orientation to social information. Here, we investigate a role for naturally-occurring variability in the endogenous oxytocinergic system in regulating neural response during attention to social information. Participants performed a selective social attention task while undergoing fMRI, provided a blood sample for epigenetic analysis, and completed self-report measures of social functioning. We find that a functional epigenetic modification to the oxytocin receptor, OXTR methylation, is associated with increased neural response within and decreased functional coupling between regions of the salience and attentional control networks during selective social attention. We also show that subclinical variability in autistic and social anxiety traits moderates this epigenetic regulation of neural response. These data offer a mechanistic explanation to a growing literature associating social behavior and disorder with epigenetic modification to OXTR by suggesting that OXTR methylation reflects a decrease in the extent to which social information automatically captures attention. We highlight the importance that treatment efficacy be considered in relation to individual differences in molecular makeup, and that future studies aimed at uncovering biomarkers of disorder carefully consider measurement at both the biological and phenotypic level.
Improving formaldehyde consumption drives methanol assimilation in engineered E. coli
Authors: Woolston Benjamin M. , King Jason R. , Reiter Michael , Van Hove Bob , Stephanopoulos Gregory 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDue to volatile sugar prices, the food vs fuel debate, and recent increases in the supply of natural gas, methanol has emerged as a promising feedstock for the bio-based economy. However, attempts to engineer Escherichia coli to metabolize methanol have achieved limited success. Here, we provide a rigorous systematic analysis of several potential pathway bottlenecks. We show that regeneration of ribulose 5-phosphate in E. coli is insufficient to sustain methanol assimilation, and overcome this by activating the sedoheptulose bisphosphatase variant of the ribulose monophosphate pathway. By leveraging the kinetic isotope effect associated with deuterated methanol as a chemical probe, we further demonstrate that under these conditions overall pathway flux is kinetically limited by methanol dehydrogenase. Finally, we identify NADH as a potent kinetic inhibitor of this enzyme. These results provide direction for future engineering strategies to improve methanol utilization, and underscore the value of chemical biology methodologies in metabolic engineering.
Sequential piezoresponse force microscopy and the ‘small-data’ problem
Authors: Trivedi Harsh , Shvartsman Vladimir V. , Medeiros Marco S. A. , Pullar Robert C. , Lupascu Doru C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe term big-data in the context of materials science not only stands for the volume, but also for the heterogeneous nature of the characterization data-sets. This is a common problem in combinatorial searches in materials science, as well as chemistry. However, these data-sets may well be ‘small’ in terms of limited step-size of the measurement variables. Due to this limitation, application of higher-order statistics is not effective, and the choice of a suitable unsupervised learning method is restricted to those utilizing lower-order statistics. As an interesting case study, we present here variable magnetic-field Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) study of composite multiferroics, where due to experimental limitations the magnetic field dependence of piezoresponse is registered with a coarse step-size. An efficient extraction of this dependence, which corresponds to the local magnetoelectric effect, forms the central problem of this work. We evaluate the performance of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a simple unsupervised learning technique, by pre-labeling possible patterns in the data using Density Based Clustering (DBSCAN). Based on this combinational analysis, we highlight how PCA using non-central second-moment can be useful in such cases for extracting information about the local material response and the corresponding spatial distribution.