bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind Over the Adriatic Region in CORDEX Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Belušić Vozila Andreina , Güttler Ivan , Ahrens Bodo , Obermann‐Hellhund Anika , Telišman Prtenjak Maja 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNear‐surface winds over the Adriatic region are examined under present‐day and future climate conditions for two greenhouse gas scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5) with an ensemble of high‐resolution (0.11°) Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) simulations. The influence of particular combinations of regional climate models and global climate models and emission scenarios on the future changes in the near‐surface wind field has been explored in more detail. Starting with the seasonal climate change signal in large‐scale flow over the entire CORDEX domain, we focus on regional daily wind fields over the Adriatic domain and subdaily features of well‐known regional winds (Bora and Sirocco winds). The analysis reveals the strong sensitivity of the climate change signal in the simulated wind flow to (i) the choice of the global climate model that provides the boundary conditions and (ii) the analyzed locations across the Adriatic region. The results of the 21st‐century projections indicate that the changes in synoptic activity have an impact on the wind field at the (sub)daily time scale. We found a reduction in the number of Bora events and increase in the number of Sirocco events in northern Adriatic during the winter season, with an increase in pressure in the middle of the 21st century. Overall, the mean wind speed during Bora and Sirocco events is reduced, except for Bora in northern Adriatic. For the summer season, we found a large increase in the number of thermally induced flows, which is probably caused by the weakening of the Azores High.
The Geological Evolution of the Variscan Jebilet Massif, Morocco, Inferred From New Structural and Geochronological Analyses
Authors: Delchini S. , Lahfid A. , Lacroix B. , Baudin T. , Hoepffner C. , Guerrot C. , Lach P. , Saddiqi O. , Ramboz C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe present work aims at understanding the tectonic evolution of the Jebilet massif, Morocco, during the Late Paleozoic as constrained by structural, metamorphic, and geochronological studies. From Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous, bordering faults controlled the opening of the Jebilet intracontinental basin (D0 stage) as shown by sedimentary infill. This episode was accompanied by a magmatic activity, newly dated between 358 ± 7 Ma and 336 ± 4 Ma. The first record of the Variscan event affected the Jebilet by the Late Visean‐Namurian and is represented by allochthonous superficial nappes emplaced at shallow depth in a moderately lithified sedimentary succession. D1 also developed regional‐scale recumbent folds trending E‐W that may suggest N‐S crustal shortening not generating crustal thickening nor contributing to metamorphism. The main Variscan D2 episode consists of a progressive evolution from bulk coaxial deformation to noncoaxial dextral transpression consistent with NW‐SE horizontal shortening, resulting in a moderate thickening. This episode was accompanied by HT‐LP metamorphism and syntectonic intrusions controlled by an inherited thermal anomaly in relation with the intracontinental rifting stage (D0). Based on previous age determinations from syntectonic leucogranite and metamorphic rocks, D2 is dated between 310 and 280 Ma. The tectono‐metamorphic evolution of the Jebilet massif can be correlated with a plate‐tectonic scenario evolving from, first a Late Devonian‐Early Carboniferous basin formation during stretching of the north‐Gondwana margin and initiation of the Paleotethys Ocean, and, second, to a Late Carboniferous‐Early Permian ocean closure (Rheic or Paleotethys Oceans depending of scenarios) that resulted in the final Variscan‐Alleghanian tectonics.
The 3‐D Structural Model of an Out‐of‐Sequence Earthquake in China: Implication for the Reactivation of Positive Inversion Structures Along the Northern Tianshan Fold‐and‐Thrust Belt
Authors: Li Yiquan , Wei Dongtao , Tian Hao , Jia Dong , Fang Lihua , Yan Bing , Luo Ao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe intracontinental earthquake behavior is not well understood due to its complexity in the interior of the continent. The Tianshan Mountain is located in the interior of the Eurasian plate, which was rejuvenated in the Cenozoic due to the India‐Asia collision and sourced several large earthquakes. The 2016 Hutubi earthquake occurred within the northern Tianshan, China, during rupture of a high‐angle back‐thrust toward the hinterland, which broke the long‐time quiescence in the mountain front. The geometry, dynamics, and hazard implications of this earthquake on an out‐of‐sequence thrust fault remains unclear. The 3‐D structural model shows that the coseismic fault is connected to the large‐scale blind Southern Junggar thrust, which sourced the 1906 Mw ~8 Manas earthquake. The geometry of the coseismic fault and the occurrence of extensional tectonics in the Jurassic suggest that the Hutubi earthquake occurred on a reactivated rift‐related structure. To test this hypothesis and study the kinematics, we performed sandbox modeling, with results suggesting that coseismic fault can form during positive inversion of a preexisting Jurassic rift, and that the Southern Junggar thrust and related structures may be recently active. Coal beds facilitated the transfer of fault slip and strain from mountain to basin and from basal to roof detachment. We propose that the preexisting rift and related sedimentation controlled the subsequent structure and geomorphology of the mountain belt through thrust wedge formation. This study provides a typical example for the study of intracontinental inversion structure and its earthquake behavior.
Cenozoic Exhumation and Foreland Basin Evolution of the Zagros Orogen During the Arabia‐Eurasia Collision, Western Iran
Authors: Barber Douglas E. , Stockli Daniel F. , Horton Brian K. , Koshnaw Renas I. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCenozoic exhumation patterns in the internal and external Zagros reveal a long‐term deformation record associated with geodynamic restructuring of Arabia‐Eurasia collisional zone from continental subduction to plate suturing, which can be evaluated from thermochronometric, provenance, and subsidence analyses. Thermal modeling of zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He ages and apatite fission track data from the Sanandaj‐Sirjan Zone (SSZ) indicates exhumation and inferred uplift along the leading edge of Eurasia starting in the Late Eocene (~35 Ma), coeval with initial foreland flexural subsidence of Arabia. Together with deceleration in Arabia‐Eurasia convergence and diminished subduction‐related magmatism, these events signal the final Neotethys closure and onset of long‐term (15–20 Myr) Arabian continental subduction beneath Eurasia, facilitated by the attenuated architecture of the precollisional Arabian margin. From 35 to 20 Ma, crustal shortening was relatively subdued and restricted to areas along the Arabia‐Eurasia plate boundary and diffuse inversion structures within continental interiors. Acceleration in SSZ cooling/exhumation rates from 19 to 16 Ma was synchronous with rapid basin subsidence and clastic progradation in the Zagros foreland. These events were contemporaneous with 20‐ to 16‐Ma surge in calc‐alkaline magmatism in central Iran and may have been linked to reorganization/deflection of Arabian plate vectors during the main phase of Red Sea rifting at 19–18 Ma. Transition from continental subduction to Arabia‐Eurasia suturing by ~12 Ma forced a transfer of strain from the subduction zone to intraplate deformational structures. This was marked by rapid outward expansion of the Zagros orogen, involving a shift in exhumation from the SSZ to Zagros fold‐thrust belt and Iranian plate interior.
Challenges in the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for diagnostics of myeloid malignancies into clinical routine use
Authors: Bacher Ulrike , Shumilov Evgenii , Flach Johanna , Porret Naomi , Joncourt Raphael , Wiedemann Gertrud , Fiedler Martin , Novak Urban , Amstutz Ursula , Pabst Thomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGiven the vast phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of acute and chronic myeloid malignancies, hematologists have eagerly awaited the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) into the routine diagnostic armamentarium to enable a more differentiated disease classification, risk stratification, and improved therapeutic decisions. At present, an increasing number of hematologic laboratories are in the process of integrating NGS procedures into the diagnostic algorithms of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Inevitably accompanying such developments, physicians and molecular biologists are facing unexpected challenges regarding the interpretation and implementation of molecular genetic results derived from NGS in myeloid malignancies. This article summarizes typical challenges that may arise in the context of NGS-based analyses at diagnosis and during follow-up of myeloid malignancies.
Combinational Biomarkers for Atrial Fibrillation Derived from Atrial Appendage and Plasma Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Lai Songqing , Hua Xiumeng , Gao Ran , Zeng Liang , Song Jiangping , Liu Jichun , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common types of arrhythmias and often leads to clinical complications. The objectives of this study were to offer insights into the metabolites of AF and to determine biomarkers for AF diagnosis or prediction. Sixty atrial appendage samples (AF group: 30; non-AF group: 30) and 163 plasma samples (AF group: 48; non-AF group: 115) from 49 AF patients and 116 non-AF patients were subjected to liquid chromatography positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) metabolomics analysis. Consequently, 24 metabolites in atrial appendage samples and 24 metabolites in plasma samples were found to reflect metabolic differences between AF and non-AF patients (variable importance in projection (VIP) ≥ 1, P ≤ 0.05). Five identical metabolites including creatinine, D-glutamic acid, choline, hypoxanthine, and niacinamide (VIP ≥ 1.5, P < 0.01, FDR < 0.05) in atrial appendage and plasma samples were considered prominent features of AF patients, and the D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolic pathway was also identified as a feature of AF patients. Finally, in plasma samples, the combination of D-glutamic acid, creatinine, and choline had an AUC value of 0.927 (95% CI: 0.875–0.979, P < 0.001) and displayed 90.5% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity; this group of metabolites was thus defined as a combinational biomarker for the recognition of AF and non-AF patients.
Natural language generation for electronic health records
Authors: Lee Scott H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOne broad goal of biomedical informatics is to generate fully-synthetic, faithfully representative electronic health records (EHRs) to facilitate data sharing between healthcare providers and researchers and promote methodological research. A variety of methods existing for generating synthetic EHRs, but they are not capable of generating unstructured text, like emergency department (ED) chief complaints, history of present illness, or progress notes. Here, we use the encoder–decoder model, a deep learning algorithm that features in many contemporary machine translation systems, to generate synthetic chief complaints from discrete variables in EHRs, like age group, gender, and discharge diagnosis. After being trained end-to-end on authentic records, the model can generate realistic chief complaint text that appears to preserve the epidemiological information encoded in the original record-sentence pairs. As a side effect of the model’s optimization goal, these synthetic chief complaints are also free of relatively uncommon abbreviation and misspellings, and they include none of the personally identifiable information (PII) that was in the training data, suggesting that this model may be used to support the de-identification of text in EHRs. When combined with algorithms like generative adversarial networks (GANs), our model could be used to generate fully-synthetic EHRs, allowing healthcare providers to share faithful representations of multimodal medical data without compromising patient privacy. This is an important advance that we hope will facilitate the development of machine-learning methods for clinical decision support, disease surveillance, and other data-hungry applications in biomedical informatics.
CoO-modified Co4N as a heterostructured electrocatalyst for highly efficient overall water splitting in neutral media
Authors: Li Rui-Qing , Hu Pengfei , Miao Meng , Li Yongle , Jiang Xiang-Fen , Wu Qiang , Meng Zhen , Hu Zheng , Bando Yoshio , Wang Xue-Bin 
Published: November 2018

A CoO-domain-coated porous Co4N array was integrated for bifunctional catalysis of overall water splitting with a low voltage of 1.79 V in neutral media.
Changing Developmental Trajectories of Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Strategies for Bridging Research to Community Practice
Authors: Wetherby Amy M. , Woods Juliann , Guthrie Whitney , Delehanty Abigail , Brown Jennifer A. , Morgan Lindee , Holland Renee D. , Schatschneider Christopher , Lord Catherine 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The need for community-viable, evidence-based intervention strategies for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a national priority. The purpose of this research forum article is to identify gaps in intervention research and needs in community practice for toddlers with ASD, incorporate published findings from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Early Social Interaction (ESI) model (Wetherby et al., 2014) to illustrate community-based intervention, report new findings on child active engagement from the ESI RCT, and offer solutions to bridge the research-to-community practice gap.

Method
Research findings were reviewed to identify gaps in the evidence base for toddlers with ASD. Published and new findings from the multisite ESI RCT compared the effects of two different ESI conditions for 82 toddlers with ASD to teach parents how to support active engagement in natural environments.

Results
The RCT of the ESI model was the only parent-implemented intervention that reported differential treatment effects on standardized measures of child outcomes, including social communication, developmental level, and adaptive behavior. A new measure of active engagement in the natural environment was found to be sensitive to change in 3 months for young toddlers with ASD and to predict outcomes on the standardized measures of child outcomes. Strategies for utilizing the Autism Navigator collection of web-based courses and tools using extensive video footage for families and professional development are offered for scaling up in community settings to change developmental trajectories of toddlers with ASD.

Conclusions
Current health care and education systems are challenged to provide intervention of adequate intensity for toddlers with ASD. The use of innovative technology can increase acceleration of access to evidence-based early intervention for toddlers with ASD that addresses health disparities, enables immediate response as soon as ASD is suspected, and rapidly bridges the research-to-practice gap.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7297817
Unterarmfrakturen und distale Radiusfrakturen bei Kindern
Authors: Sundermann Britta , Mörs Katharina , Frank Johannes , Marzi Ingo 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungFrakturen des Unterarms sind mit 40% die häufigsten Knochenverletzungen im Wachstumsalter. Die Diagnose wird mittels konventioneller Röntgenaufnahmen in 2 Ebenen gestellt. Prinzipiell kann man die Frakturen in Epiphysenlösungen und -frakturen, Grünholzfrakturen und Wulst-/Stauchungsfrakturen, komplette distale Radius oder Unterarm- bzw. Unterarmschaftfrakturen sowie als Sonderformen die Monteggia- und Galeazzi-Verletzungen unterteilen. Wichtig ist es bei der Versorgung von Frakturen im Kindesalter bei einem minimalen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Aufwand ein optimales Behandlungsergebnis zu erreichen. Dabei sollten nicht nur die Kriterien der Instabilität, Dislokation und das Alter, sondern auch immer das enorme Korrekturpotenzial des Knochens im Kindesalter berücksichtigt werden. Andererseits ist es wichtig, dass durch Fehlwachstum auch keine vermeidbaren funktionellen Einschränkungen entstehen. Je nach Art und Dislokation kann man sich dann für ein rein konservatives Vorgehen oder eine operative Versorgung entscheiden. Bei der operativen Versorgung stehen die Kirschner-Draht-Osteosynthese, die elastisch stabile Marknagelung (ESIN) oder als alternative Techniken in besonderen Fällen die Versorgung mittels Plattenosteosynthese oder Fixateur externe zur Verfügung. Bei adäquater Therapie ist die Prognose bei Frakturen im Kindesalter hervorragend und die überwiegende Anzahl der Verletzungen heilt folgenlos aus.
Schaftfrakturen – untere Extremitäten
Authors: Kreis Carolin , Wähnert Dirk , Raschke Michael 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungSchaftfrakturen der unteren Extremitäten im Kindesalter treten mit einer Häufigkeit von 14% auf und zeigen einen Altersgipfel zwischen dem 5. und 6. Lebensjahr. Tibiaschaftfrakturen gehören dabei zu den häufigsten Frakturen der unteren Extremitäten im Kindesalter. Die Behandlung von Schaftfrakturen der unteren Extremitäten im Kindes- und Wachstumsalter bedarf des Wissens um die besonderen biomechanischen und physiologischen Eigenschaften des kindlichen Knochens sowie der operativen und konservativen Therapiemaßnahmen. Auch bei Verletzungen im Kindesalter – besonders bei diaphysären Frakturen – ist die nativradiologische Diagnostik die Standarddiagnostik. Nicht dislozierte Schaftfrakturen im Kindesalter gelten als Domäne der konservativen Therapie. Insgesamt besteht bei Frakturen im Kindesalter ein gutes Korrekturpotenzial, vor allem in der Sagittalebene. Rotationsfehler und Längenverkürzungen werden im Gegensatz dazu kaum ausgeglichen.
Diagnostik und Therapie von Verletzungen am proximalen Femur und Beckenavulsionsverletzungen bei Kindern sowie der Epiphysiolysis capitis femoris
Authors: Ziebarth Kai , Kaiser Nadine , Liebs Thoralf 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungObwohl es sich bei Avulsionsverletzungen des Beckens, Frakturen des proximalen Femurs und der Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris um relativ seltene Krankheitsbilder handelt, ist eine korrekte Diagnostik und Therapie essentiell um langfristige Beschwerden und Einschränkungen zu verhindern. Eine Kenntnis der kindlichen Anatomie ist Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung. Frakturen am proximalen Femur müssen größtenteils operiert und anatomisch reponiert werden, da wenig Remodellierungspotenzial besteht. Schenkelhalsfrakturen müssen kontrolliert reponiert werden, um die Gefäßversorgung des Femurkopfes nicht zu gefährden. Es empfiehlt sich somit eine offene Reposition. Avulsionsverletzungen müssen bei Sportverletzungen beim Kind aktiv gesucht werden und können klinisch angesichts der starken Schmerzangaben häufig dramatisch erscheinen. Die Domäne der Avulsionsverletzung ist die konservative Therapie. Ein Kind zwischen 10 und 16 Jahren mit Knieschmerzen und eingeschränkter Hüftrotation oder hinkendem Gangbild muss zum Ausschluss einer ECF radiologisch abgeklärt werden. Das positive Drehmann-Zeichen ist klinisch pathognomonisch für eine ECF. Klinische Klassifikationen können die Stabilität der Wachstumsfuge nicht genau vorhersagen, daher ist nach Diagnosestellung eine Stockentlastung bis zur operativen Versorgung empfehlenswert. Die Behandlung der ECF besteht immer in der operativen Stabilisation des Femurkopfes mit Schrauben oder Drähten und, je nachdem, in der anatomischen Wiederherstellung der proximalen femoralen Anatomie.
Fasciotomy for Lateral Lower-leg Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
Authors: van Zantvoort Aniek , de Bruijn Johan , Hundscheid Henricus , van der Cruijsen-Raaijmakers Marike , Teijink Joep , Scheltinga Marc 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExercise-induced lower leg pain may be caused by chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). Anterior or deep posterior compartments are usually affected. Knowledge about CECS of the lateral compartment (lat-CECS) is limited and outcome after fasciotomy is unknown. The purpose of this study is to report on success rates of fasciotomy in patients with lat-CECS. Surgical success rates in patients with lat-CECS diagnosed with a dynamic intracompartmental pressure (ICP) measurement were studied using a questionnaire (success: excellent or good as judged by the patient; unsuccessful: moderate, fair or poor). We conducted ICP measurements in 247 patients for suspected lat-CECS, of whom 78 were positively diagnosed. Following exclusion (n=11), 30 of the eligible 67 patients completed the questionnaire. Bilateral (70%, n=21/30) exertional pain (97%, n=29) and a feeling of tightness (93%, n=28) were the most frequently reported symptoms. Four years after fasciotomy, severity and frequency of symptoms had dropped significantly. Long-term surgical success was reported by 33% (n=10; excellent n=4, good n=6). Seventy-three percent (n=22) had resumed sports activities (9 same level, 13 lower level). In conclusion, a fasciotomy for lat-CECS was successful in the long term in just one of three operated patients in this retrospective study.
Interpretation und Durchführung der hochauflösenden Ösophagusmanometrie: Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurogastroenterologie und Motilität (DGNM) sowie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselerkrankungen (DGVS)
Authors: Keller Jutta , Fox Mark , Allescher Hans-Dieter , Frieling Thomas , Fuchs Karl , Goebel-Stengel Miriam , Pehl Christian , Schirra Jörg , van der Voort Ivo , Storr Martin 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Ösophagusmanometrie erlaubt eine genaue Beurteilung der Kontraktilität der Speiseröhre und ist deshalb das Referenzverfahren für die Diagnostik ösophagealer Motilitätsstörungen. Aussagekraft und Bedeutung der Methode haben durch die Einführung der hochauflösenden Ösophagusmanometrie (HRM) noch weiter gewonnen, welche die funktionelle Anatomie der Speiseröhre in einer visuell intuitiv zu erfassenden Weise darstellt. Die aktuelle 3. Version der international gebräuchlichen Chicago-Klassifikation gibt standardisierte Empfehlungen zur Durchführung und Auswertung der HRM. Sie dient in vielen Bereichen auch als konkrete Basis für den vorliegenden Expertenkonsensus. Allerdings geht die Chicago-Klassifikation bislang nicht oder nur kursorisch auf die funktionelle Beurteilung des unteren und oberen Ösophagussphinkters sowie auf die Bedeutung zusätzlicher Untersuchungen wie Provokationsmahlzeiten und/oder Langzeituntersuchungen ein. Der aktuelle Expertenkonsensus berücksichtigt deshalb zusätzliche, kürzlich publizierte, hochqualitative klinische Studien und gibt Empfehlungen, die eine aussagekräftige Untersuchung der Motilität des gesamten Ösophagus mittels HRM zur Klärung klinisch relevanter Fragestellungen ermöglichen.