bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical aortic valve replacement in Australia, 2002–2015: temporal changes in clinical practice, patient profiles and outcomes
Authors: Si Si , Hillis Graham S. , Sanfilippo Frank M. , Smith Julian , Tran Lavinia , Reid Christopher M. , Briffa Tom 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundThis study describes the temporal changes in risk profiles and outcomes among patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in Australia between 2002 and 2015.MethodsUsing the Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons database, we identified first‐recorded SAVR for AS over 14 years. Patients’ surgical risk profiles, procedures, 30‐day and 12‐month outcomes were summarized before and after the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Australia, in 2008. We applied multivariable regression models to investigate the changes over time on risk‐adjusted 30‐day mortality, re‐hospitalization and 12‐month mortality.ResultsWe identify a total of 18 147 patients with AS who underwent SAVR; mostly men (64%) with a mean age of 72 years. The proportion of major cardiac surgeries devoted to SAVR increased from 14% in 2002 to 20% in 2015. More SAVRs were performed electively (80% in 2002 versus 86% in 2015), and the recipients were at lower surgical risk (mean multi‐risk score 3.9% in 2002 versus 3.0% in 2015). The use of bioprosthetic aortic valves increased over time (67% in 2002 to 88% in 2015). We found no significant changes in 30‐day mortality, a significant decrease in 30‐day readmission and minor fluctuations in 12‐month mortality over the study period.ConclusionSAVR comprises an increasingly larger proportion of all adult cardiac surgeries in Australia. There has been a greater use of bioprosthetic aortic valves, a fall in 30‐day readmission but no significant changes in mortality.
Letter: moderate‐to‐severe hepatic steatosis leads to overestimation of liver stiffness measurement in chronic hepatitis B patients without significant fibrosis
Authors: Dong Jia‐Jia , Cai Yi‐Jing 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Shen et al and Shen and Fan papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15298 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15422.
Letter: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG offers no benefit over placebo in children with acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Schnadower David , Tarr Phillip I. , Freedman Stephen B. 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Szajewska et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15267 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15431.
Editorial: gut microbial profile associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis—what is new and how do we progress from here?
Authors: Quraishi Mohammed Nabil , Shaheen Walaa A. 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Rühlemann et al and Rühlemann and Franke papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15375 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15434.
Editorial: awareness and prevention of intravenous iron‐induced hypophosphataemia. Authors' reply
Authors: Detlie Trond Espen , Jahnsen Jørgen 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Detlie et al and Musgrove and Wolf et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15386 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15437.
Editorial: UK quality of care drive improving ulcerative colitis hospital outcomes. Author's reply
Authors: Bodger Keith ,   On behalf of all co‐authors
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Shawihdi et al and Moore papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15315 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15412.
Congenital factor XIII deficiency: comprehensive overview of the FranceCoag cohort
Authors: Bouttefroy Séverine , Meunier Sandrine , Milien Vanessa , Boucekine Mohamed , Chamouni Pierre , Desprez Dominique , Harroche Annie , Hochart Audrey , Thiercelin-Legrand Marie Françoise , Wibaut Bénédicte , Chambost Hervé , Rugeri Lucia ,   the CoDeC study group
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis FranceCoag network study assessed 33 patients with congenital factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency presenting FXIII levels <10 iu/dl. Diagnosis was based on abnormal bleeding in 29 patients, a positive family history in 2, recurrent miscarriages in 1 and was fortuitous in 1. Eighteen patients (62·1%) presented life‐threatening umbilical or intracranial haemorrhages (ICH). Seven of the 15 patients who experienced ICH were diagnosed but untreated, including 3 with secondary neurological sequelae. All pregnancies without prophylaxis (26/26) led to miscarriages versus 3/16 with prophylaxis. In patients exhibiting FXIII levels <10 iu/dl, prophylaxis could be discussed at diagnosis and at pregnancy. Further controlled prospective studies are needed.
Lgl1 deficiency disrupts hippocampal development and impairs cognitive performance in mice
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Hou Congzhe , Zhang Sen , Liu Shuoyang , Li Zhenzu , Gao Jiangang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCellular polarity is crucial for brain development and morphogenesis. Lethal giant larvae 1 (Lgl1) plays a crucial role in the establishment of cell polarity from Drosophila to mammalian cells. Previous studies have found the importance of Lgl1 in the development of cerebellar, olfactory bulb, and cerebral cortex. However, the role of Lgl1 in hippocampal development during the embryonic stage and function in adult mice is still unknown. In our study, we created Lgl1‐deficient hippocampus mice by using Emx1‐Cre mice. Histological analysis showed that the Emx1‐Lgl1−/− mice exhibited reduced size of the hippocampus with severe malformations of hippocampal cytoarchitecture. These defects mainly originated from the disrupted hippocampal neuroepithelium, including increased cell proliferation, abnormal interkinetic nuclear migration, reduced differentiation, increased apoptosis, gradual disruption of adherens junctions, and abnormal neuronal migration. The radial glial scaffold was disorganized in the Lgl1‐deficient hippocampus. Thus, Lgl1 plays a distinct role in hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, the Emx1‐Lgl1−/− mice displayed impaired behavioral performance in the Morris water maze and fear conditioning test.
The formation of agricultural e‐commerce clusters: A case from China
Authors: Zeng Yiwu , Guo Hongdong , Yao Yanfei , Huang Lu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAgricultural e‐commerce clusters are new phenomena that have emerged in rural China. In examining the case of Shuyang County in Jiangsu Province, this paper puts forward an integrated model revealing the formation mechanism of agricultural e‐commerce clusters. The paper shows that the formation of agricultural e‐commerce clusters involves four processes of technology introduction, technology diffusion, quality crisis, and industrial agglomeration based on elements such as industry bases, e‐commerce platforms, network facilities, logistics services, entrepreneurial talent, local government, and market demand. Rural social networks and imitation behaviors promote technology diffusion by reducing the cost of technology introduction, and industrial agglomeration is found in the economies showing a deepening of labor divisions and geographic agglomeration. Throughout the formation process, a quality crisis may occur due to a race to the bottom and the opportunistic behaviors of local farmers. This work suggests that regional e‐commerce development is a systematic project. Governments of developing countries should not only realize the positive impacts of e‐commerce for the development of the agricultural industry but also recognize the premise and logic of how e‐commerce can play a prominent role.
Validation of the Modified Frailty Phenotype Measure in Older Mexican Americans
Authors: Li Chih‐Ying , Al Snih Soham , Chen Nai‐Wei , Markides Kyriakos S. , Sodhi Jaspreet , Ottenbacher Kenneth J. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESDevelop and validate a modified frailty phenotype measure for older Mexican Americans participating in the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (H‐EPESE) and related studies.DESIGNExpert‐based panel evaluation of content validity, cross‐sectional analysis of construct validity, and longitudinal analysis of criterion validity for a modified version of the frailty phenotype measure.SETTINGFive southwestern states.PARTICIPANTSA total of 1833 community‐dwelling Mexican Americans aged 67 years or older.MEASUREMENTSFrailty was assessed using the frailty phenotype measure (weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slowness, and low physical activity) and a modified frailty phenotype measure (replacing “low physical activity” with “limitations in walking half a mile”). Each individual was classified as non‐frail, pre‐frail, or frail based on both frailty measures (original vs modified). Expert panel consensus was used to examine content validity. Spearman correlation, κ, weighted κ, and bootstrapping κ examined construct validity (n = 1833). Generalized linear mixed models, odds ratios, Cox proportional regression models, hazard ratios, and C statistics were used to analyze criterion validity (n = 1446) across four outcomes: hospitalization, physician visits, disability, and mortality from wave 3 (1998‐99) through wave 8 (2012‐13).RESULTSThe original and modified frailty phenotype measures had a strong correlation (r = .89; P < .000) and agreement (κ = .84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .81‐.86; weighted κ = .86; 95% CI = .84‐.88; bootstrap κ = .84; 95% CI = .81‐.86; bootstrap‐weighted κ = .86; 95% CI = .84‐.88 with 1000 bootstrapping samples). Four outcome models showed similar risk predictions for both frailty measures, with the exception of physician visits for frail participants.CONCLUSION“Limitations in walking half a mile” can be used as a substitute criterion for “low physical activity” in assessing frailty. The modified frailty phenotype measure was comparable with the original frailty phenotype measure in H‐EPESE participants over time. Our results indicate the modified frailty phenotype is a useful longitudinally frailty measure for community‐dwelling older Mexican Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2393–2397, 2019
The restructuring of Italian agriculture and its impact upon capital–labour relations: Labour contracting and exploitation in the fresh fruit and vegetable supply chain of the Lazio Region, Central Italy
Authors: Salvia Lucilla 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLabour contracting is anywhere on the rise globally, even in fully developed capitalist countries. Far from being an anomaly in the smooth everyday functioning of the economy, contractors are a crucial node in facilitating and ensuring global capital's control over local labour regimes. This article uses a global value chain perspective to investigate the re‐emergence of gangmasters and gang labour in the agricultural sector of Lazio, Central Italy. It analyses the fruit and vegetable supply chain formation and configuration in the Lazio Region with the aim of identifying the underlying processes leading to the creation of gangmasters by capital to have a cheap and disposable, especially migrant, labour force. It also intends to give a more nuanced understanding of labour contracting in this context.
Motivation to Change and Treatment Participation Among Syringe Service Program Utilizers in Rural Kentucky
Authors: Surratt Hilary L. , Otachi Janet K. , Williams Timothy , Gulley Jennifer , Lockard A. Scott , Rains Rebecca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeKentucky experiences a disproportionate burden of substance use disorder (SUD), particularly in rural areas of the state. Multiple factors increase vulnerability to SUD and limit access to services in rural communities. However, the recent implementation and expansion of syringe service programs (SSPs) in rural Kentucky may provide a leverage point to reach at‐risk people who inject drugs (PWID).MethodsData were collected as part of an ongoing NIDA‐funded study designed to examine uptake of SSPs among PWID in Appalachian Kentucky. Using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), the study enrolled a sample of 186 PWID SSP attenders across 3 rural Appalachian Kentucky counties and conducted face‐to‐face interviews regarding health behaviors, injecting practices, SSP utilization, and treatment services. Using logistic regression analyses, we examined consistent SSP use, as well as importance and confidence to reduce substance use as predictors of current treatment participation.FindingsFor the prior 6 months, 44.6% of the sample reported consistent SSP use. Consistent use of SSPs was associated with treatment participation in the unadjusted logistic regression models. Significant predictors of treatment participation in the adjusted model included high confidence to reduce substance use, and not reporting primary methamphetamine injection.ConclusionsRurally located SSPs may play an important role in supporting confidence and motivation to change substance use behaviors among PWID impacted by SUD. SSPs may be critical venues for integration and expansion of prevention, health promotion, and treatment linkage services for this underserved population.
House sparrow uropygial gland secretions do not attract ornithophilic nor mammophilic mosquitoes
Authors: Díez‐Fernández A. , Martínez‐de la Puente J. , Gangoso L. , Ferraguti M. , Soriguer R. , Figuerola J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMosquito feeding preferences determine host–vector contact rates and represent a key factor in the transmission of vector‐borne pathogens. The semiochemical compounds of which vertebrate odours are composed probably play a role in mosquito host choice. Birds spread secretions from uropygial gland over their feathers to protect their plumage, comprising behaviour that may in turn affect odour profiles. Although uropygial secretions are expected to modify the attractiveness of birds to mosquitoes, contradictory findings have been reported. Mosquito species differ in their feeding preferences, with some species feeding mainly on birds (ornithophilic species) and others on mammals (mammophilic species). Consequently, it is possible that ornithophilic and mammophilic species differ in their response to uropygial gland secretions. Using a dual‐choice olfactometer, the present study tests this hypothesis by comparing the behavioural response to uropygial gland secretions from juvenile male and female house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in the ornithophilicCulex pipiensand the mammophilicAedes(Ochlerotatus)caspiusmosquitoes. No differences were found in the response of either mosquito species to the uropygial gland secretions. Therefore, the preference of ornithophilic mosquitoes for avian hosts is apparently not explained by a greater attraction of mosquitoes to the uropygial gland secretion odour when presented in combination with a CO2‐enriched airflow.
Nursing practice in stroke rehabilitation: Perspectives from multi‐disciplinary healthcare professionals
Authors: Meng Xianmei , Chen Xuemei , Liu Zhihui , Zhou Lanshu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this qualitative, descriptive study, we explored the status of and factors related to nursing practice for stroke rehabilitation in China, considering the perspectives of multi‐disciplinary healthcare professionals. Fifteen participants were interviewed in depth, followed by field observations at three healthcare institutions. Data were analyzed using ethnographic data analysis methods. Current nursing practice for patients with stroke emerged as a cultural domain that included nine patterns: coordination of nursing, basic nursing following nursing procedures, limited rehabilitation nursing care with varied functions, therapeutic function in rehabilitation care, the importance of nurses' involvement in rehabilitation, environments making rehabilitation nursing possible, inadequate staffing for the numerous clinical nursing practices, lack of effective communication with other healthcare professionals, and lack of policies regarding rehabilitation nursing practice. Nurses' role in stroke rehabilitation must be addressed by updating nursing practice. Further, stroke team leaders must recognize the constraints faced by nurses in fulfilling their stroke‐rehabilitation roles.
Esophageal acid sensitivity in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: Does esophageal hypomotility matter?
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Lei Wei‐Yi , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground/AimEsophageal acid sensitivity plays a role in symptomatic manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Esophageal hypomotility is common in patients with GERD. We aimed to determine whether esophageal acid sensitivity may differ between patients with and without esophageal hypomotility.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 41 consecutive patients (10 females, mean age 53 years, range 32‐79) with typical reflux symptoms and 10 healthy subjects (5 females, mean age 45 years, range 28‐56) for esophageal acid sensitivity and motility tests. Demographics, body mass index (BMI), and reflux symptoms using a validated questionnaire (GERDQ) were recorded. All subjects underwent infusion of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid in the esophagus at a rate of 10 mL/min for 10 minutes. The parameters for esophageal acid infusion included lag time, intensity rating, and acid sensitivity score.ResultsEsophageal motility diagnosis included 24 patients with normal motility and 17 patients with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). Lag time was similar between the patient groups. No differences between patients with normal motility and IEM were found for any of other acid infusion parameters. There was a positive correlation between lag time and BMI (r = .33, P = .04). GERDQ was negatively correlated to lag time (r = −.73, P < .001).ConclusionsEsophageal acid sensitivity was similar in GERD patients with and without hypomotility. Decreased acid sensitivity in individuals with increasing body mass index may play a pathological role in symptomatic modulation of patients with GERD.
Marker‐assisted parentage analysis reveals high individual selfing rates in tetraploid red clover genotypes selected for seed yield
Authors: Vleugels Tim , Roldán‐Ruiz Isabel , Cnops Gerda 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSeed yield is a major breeding target in tetraploid red clover. We investigated if marker‐assisted parentage analysis can identify progeny plants with two high seed‐yielding parents in tetraploid red clover and if this technique is more advantageous than traditional half‐sib selection. Parentage analysis was successfully performed on the progeny from the 10% highest seed‐yielding genotypes from a second‐cycle family selection trial: 16.0% of progeny were identified with a high seed‐yielding father. However, progeny plants with two high seed‐yielding parents did not produce more seeds than traditionally selected progeny (27.3 g vs. 30.7 g/plant, respectively). The 10% highest seed‐yielding genotypes displayed on average 2% self‐fertilization. Four genotypes were self‐fertile with individual selfing rates up to 20%. Our results discourage the use of marker‐assisted parentage analysis to improve seed yield in tetraploid red clover when the material has been preselected for seed yield. Breeders should be aware that intensive selection for seed yield in tetraploid red clover may inadvertently lead to selection for increased self‐fertility, which may increase inbreeding in the long term.
Successful use of topical minoxidil in the treatment of hypotrichosis associated with desmoplakin mutations
Authors: Dowd Margaret , Antonov Nina , Garzon Maria , Lauren Christine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSyndromes associated with desmosomal protein mutations such as desmoplakin can result in hair abnormalities including congenital alopecia and hypotrichosis. Herein, we present an 8‐year‐old boy, with a combination of two heterozygous mutations in the DSP gene encoding desmoplakin associated with congenital alopecia and long‐standing hypotrichosis, who was treated with off‐label use of topical minoxidil 5% foam once daily with dramatic growth after 2 months of therapy and sustained results at 1 year. Topical minoxidil may be effective in management of congenital alopecia and hypotrichosis associated with desmoplakin mutations.
The Law: Going Outside of the Family: Toward a Greater Understanding of Presidents’ Pursuit of Their Agendas Through Cross‐Party Federal Court Nominations
Authors: McLeod Aman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article explores presidential success at finding nominees outside of their parties who have policy views similar to those of people in their parties, by comparing the voting records of four presidents’ cross‐party–nominated circuit court judges with those of their same‐party–nominated circuit court judges. The results show that most of the presidents examined found cross‐party nominees who voted like their same‐party nominees. This finding suggests that presidents can use cross‐party nominations to make cross‐partisan gestures, confident in their ability to find politically compatible cross‐party nominees. The findings also suggest that cross‐party nominations face shorter confirmation durations in periods of intense Senate obstruction.
Edward Barton in Hungary: Arguments for travel as diplomatic service
Authors: Kowalczyk Tomasz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines the correspondence of the second English ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Edward Barton (1562/3–98), pertaining to his controversial voyage into Hungary as part of Sultan Mehmed III's army in 1596. Barton travelled without prior permission from Queen Elizabeth I, prompting her anger that a Christian representative of England should travel as an active participant of an invading Muslim army. This article shows how Barton's writing constructed his involvement in the voyage not only as an important and desirable opportunity, but further as a transgressive travel experience which was essential to the development of a model of ambassadorial conduct which had to evolve to meet the new challenges of facilitating cross‐cultural diplomatic alliances. Prioritising rhetoric which rehearsed arguments that experiential travel knowledge was an essential and unique source of information, Barton attempted to shape the reception of his actions by relating his position in carefully constructed written accounts. This hitherto unexplored approach to Barton's correspondence allows us a deeper understanding of the extent to which his writing, as well as his actions, pioneered a new model of cross‐cultural diplomacy at a crucial point for Elizabethan ‘foreign policy’.
Resection of urachal anomalies in dogs with recurrent lower urinary tract disease
Authors: Visser Judith , Kummeling Anne , van Nugteren Marjon A. , Grinwis Guy C. M. , Brocks Bouvien A. W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether surgical removal of urachal anomalies improves the outcomes of dogs with recurrent lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) and bacterial urinary tract infection (BUTI).Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsThirty‐three dogs with urachal anomalies and recurrent LUTD or BUTI.MethodsMedical records of dogs with LUTD or BUTI and a diagnosis of urachal anomaly treated by partial cystectomy were reviewed. A minimum follow‐up of 9 months was required for inclusion.ResultsMedian age at onset of clinical signs was 12 months (range, 1 month to 10 years). Urachal anomalies were detected with histopathology in 20 of 28 (71%) dogs. At a median follow‐up of 22 months (range, 9‐114), 21 of 28 (64%) dogs were free of signs of LUTD. Nine (27%) dogs exhibited reduced signs of LUTD; in three (9%) dogs, no clinical improvement was observed. Among the 25 dogs with confirmed preoperative BUTI, 22 clinically improved with surgery.ConclusionPartial cystectomy reduced the long‐term severity of clinical signs and risk of recurrence of LUTD or BUTI in dogs with confirmed or suspected urachal anomalies.Clinical significancePartial cystectomy should be considered as an adjunct to the treatment of LUTD and BUTI in dogs.