bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working consumers’ psychological states in firm-hosted virtual communities
Authors: Leo Wei Wei Cheryl , Chou Cindy Yunhsin , Chen Tom 
Published: June 2019

PurposeConsumers’ self-interests and personal goals in attaining collective goals are rarely considered in firm-hosted virtual communities (FHVCs). Based on working consumers paradigm and agency theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the joint impact of consumers’ psychological states of empowerment, engagement and entitlement on value cocreation behaviors in FHVCs.Design/methodology/approachUS consumer panel data were used to test the proposed model on customers (n=338) participating in a FHVC.FindingsThe results show significant effects of the psychological states of empowerment, engagement and entitlement on value cocreation. Of these three states, psychological empowerment had the strongest effect. The predictive strength of entitlement for value cocreation is weaker for individuals with high knowledge of the community (KC). Practitioner interviews conducted with FHVC managers establish the states and set forth an emerging research agenda.Research limitations/implicationsThis study extends the cocreation literature to establish the holistic importance of psychological states as key antecedents of value cocreation for working consumers. It acknowledges agency motives and establishes KC as a moderating condition.Practical implicationsThe explication of consumers’ psychological states has implications for the benchmarking and design of consumer portfolios.Originality/valueThis study advances the literature on cocreation by collectively examining three psychological states of consumers through the lens of working consumers paradigm and agency theory. It also establishes KC as an important boundary resource condition.
Stigma, inclusion and India’s Mental Healthcare Act 2017
Authors: Duffy Richard M. , Gulati Gautam , Kasar Niket , Paralikar Vasudeo , Narayan Choudhary Laxmi , Desousa Avinash , Goyal Nishant , Kelly Brendan D. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
India’s Mental Healthcare Act 2017 provides a right to mental healthcare, revises admission and review procedures, effectively decriminalises suicide and has strong non-discrimination measures, among other provisions. The purpose of this paper is to examine Indian mental health professionals’ views of these changes as they relate to stigma and inclusion of the mentally ill.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors held nine focus groups in three Indian states, involving 61 mental health professionals including 56 psychiatrists.

Findings
Several themes relating to stigma and inclusion emerged: stigma is ubiquitous and results in social exclusion; stigma might be increased rather than remedied by certain regulations in the 2017 Act; stigma is not adequately dealt with in the legislation; stigma might discourage people from making “advance directives”; and there is a crucial relationship between stigma and education.

Practical implications
Implementation of India’s 2017 Act needs to be accompanied by adequate service resourcing and extensive education, including public education. This has commenced but needs substantial resources in order to fulfil the Act’s potential.

Social implications
India’s mental health legislation governs the mental healthcare of 1.3bn people, one sixth of the planet’s population; seeking to use law to diminish stigma and enhance inclusion in such a large country sets a strong example for other nations.

Originality/value
This is the first study of stigma and inclusion since India’s 2017 Act was commenced and it highlights both the potential and the challenges of such ambitious rights-based legislation.
A time-use approach: high subjective wellbeing, low carbon leisure
Authors: Druckman Angela , Gatersleben Birgitta 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the question: which leisure activities are relatively low carbon and conducive to high levels of subjective wellbeing? Underlying this question is the premise that to combat climate change, carbon emissions must be radically reduced. Technological change alone will not be sufficient: lifestyles must also change. Whereas mainstream strategies generally address the challenge of reducing carbon emissions through reviewing consumption, approaching it through the lens of how we use our time, in particular, leisure time, may be a promising complementary avenue.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper brings together three areas of research that are hitherto largely unlinked: subjective wellbeing/happiness studies, studies on how we use our time and studies on low-carbon lifestyles.

Findings
The paper shows that low-carbon leisure activities conducive to high subjective wellbeing include social activities such as spending time in the home with family and friends, and physical activities that involve challenge such as partaking in sports. However, depending how they are done, some such activities may induce high carbon emissions, especially through travel. Therefore, appropriate local infrastructure, such as local sports and community centres, is required, along with facilities for active travel. Policymaking developed from a time-use perspective would encourage investment to support this.

Originality/value
Win–win opportunities for spending leisure time engaged in activities conducive to high subjective wellbeing in low carbon ways are identified. This is done by bringing three research topics together in a novel way.
A novel GM(1,N) model based on interval gray number and its application to research on smog pollution
Authors: Xiong Pingping , He Zhiqing , Chen Shiting , Peng Mao 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
In recent years, domestic smog has become increasingly frequent and the adverse effects of smog have increasingly become the focus of public attention. It is a way to analyze such problems and provide solutions by mathematical methods.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper establishes a new gray model (GM) (1,N) prediction model based on the new kernel and degree of grayness sequences under the case that the interval gray number distribution information is known. First, the new kernel and degree of grayness sequences of the interval gray number sequence are calculated using the reconstruction definition of the kernel and degree of grayness. Then, the GM(1,N) model is formed based on the above new sequences to simulate and predict the kernel and degree of the grayness of the interval gray number sequence. Finally, the upper and lower bounds of the interval gray number are deduced based on the calculation formulas of the kernel and degree of grayness.

Findings
To verify further the practical significance of the model proposed in this paper, the authors apply the model to the simulation and prediction of smog. Compared with the traditional GM(1,N) model, the new GM(1,N) prediction model established in this paper has better prediction effect and accuracy.

Originality/value
This paper improves the traditional GM(1,N) prediction model and establishes a new GM(1,N) prediction model in the case of the known distribution information of the interval gray number of the smog pollutants concentrations data.
Impact evaluation and IFLA
Authors: Streatfield David , Markless Sharon 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the evolving IFLA approach to impact evaluation through three of its international programmes: Freedom of Access to Information, Building Strong Library Associations (BSLA) and the International Advocacy Programme (IAP). This review positions these three programmes within the wider discourse of the international evaluation community.

Design/methodology/approach
Each of the three programmes is considered in turn to show what they were trying to achieve and how thinking about impact evaluation at IFLA is evolving.

Findings
This paper reports key evaluation findings for relevant phases of the BSLA and IAP programmes in general terms.

Research limitations/implications
The views presented are those of the evaluation consultants who advised each of these programmes (and in the cases of BSLA and the IAP conducted the programme evaluations).

Practical implications
The processes described and the conclusions drawn should be of interest to anyone involved in international or national library evaluation, especially of public libraries, library associations and national libraries.

Social implications
The paper suggests that more systematic impact evaluation of public libraries, library associations and national libraries is necessary to ensure their future survival.

Originality/value
The authors were uniquely placed to see and participate in IFLA impact evaluation discussions over the past decade.
Motivation makes money
Authors: McKee Janet Maria 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to inspire business leaders with fresh ideas to create a positive work environment that uplifts and motivates their employees in a manner that increases job fulfillment and business growth.

Design/methodology/approach
The author’s approach to discovering these solutions include putting to use ideas that she has developed over 25 years of working in the corporate environment and being an entrepreneur, with the desire to create highly positive and productive work environments to realize successful businesses and successful lives for everyone involved.

Findings
There are several simple but powerful things that every manager and business leader can do to promote a highly productive and motivated workforce. Mind and body wellness is a foundation for performance and motivation, with a focus on the mind. If managers and business leaders cultivate an open and encouraging work culture, the positive psychology experienced by employees will help to motivate them in both their professional and personal lives.

Originality/value
The author finds that people rarely understand the impact of mind and body wellness on the success of the individual and the organization overall.
Mapping technology roadblocks and opportunities in the transportation revolution
Authors: Blitz Amy , Kazi Khurram 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to set out a vision of the advent of autonomous electric vehicles (AEV), piloted by artificial intelligence and serviced by other “intelligent” machines, a scenario that poses vast implications for business strategy in many industries.

Design/methodology/approach
Given the speed with which business leaders today must assess and react to the business risks and opportunities engendered by breakthrough technological change, their plans to navigate an autonomous electric vehicle-based transportation future can benefit from a scenario map to the roadblocks and the richest prospects.

Findings
Self-driving electric cars and trucks, which are expected to transform the transportation landscape over the next decade. A smart charging grid is a critical technology development.

Practical implications
Business opportunities to transform ground transport in areas such as operations and supply chain management are significant as well, particularly with unsupervised AEVs, which could slash labor costs and transport times.

Social implications
AEVs are expected to free up more than 30 billion hours per year in the U.S. alone currently spent driving, sitting in traffic or searching for a parking space.

Originality/value
Offers a look at the technology evolution needed for the AEV transportation revolution.
Parents’ lived experiences in the UK
Authors: Harding Jacqueline 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how, where and when parents are mediating their children’s media activities and with which particular device. It also explores whether parents are identifying specific help in this area and questions where they might seek advice (should they need it). Furthermore, it investigates parents’ views regarding a pilot, free online TV channel dedicated to advice through discussion with experts, parents and children.

Design/methodology/approach
This small-scale study uses charts and semi-structured interviews to explore the views of parents/carers to better understand lived experiences in relation to mediated digital parenting in the home. The methodology was also designed so that findings will inform further production of relevant content for a video-based resource.

Findings
Although this study was limited in duration and scope, the results clearly support earlier research (Livingstone, 2018a, 2018b; Ofcom, 2017) regarding the desperation parents feel through not being able to access appropriate advice in the way they want it. Furthermore, findings provide overwhelming support for the potential benefits of relevant predominantly visually-based online content/advice.

Practical implications
The study raises questions about the empowerment of parents/carers in their own digital skills as a way of transferring confidence to their children, in navigating their way through the educational and social affordances and online safety issues through the use of accessible filmed content.

Originality/value
The findings show that issues, such as online safety and related behavioural pressures, remain key for parents and that there is an increasing need for more targeted support and ways to empower parents/grandparents with skills to enhance children’s digital agency. Furthermore, it offers an insight into ways in which styles of “enabling mediation” in the digital age may be analysed and reveals some of the day to day challenges parents face.
An Elementary Primer for Politicians and Potential Chairs on Public Inquiries
Authors: Timmins Nicholas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere is relatively little central government guidance available on how to set up and run a public inquiry. This short piece seeks to set out the very basic questions that politicians considering creating one—and potential chairs—will need to address. Including, crucially, whether a public inquiry is even the right answer. In the context of the National Health Service, on which this analysis focusses, it also argues that money may be far better spent on applying what is already known from the many previous inquiries—that is, spend it on prevention—rather than waiting to spend it on future similar inquiries that will, more than likely, produce similar findings and recommendations.
Comparing methods of grouping hospitals
Authors: Everson Jordan , Hollingsworth John M , Adler‐Milstein Julia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the performance of widely used approaches for defining groups of hospitals and a new approach based on network analysis of shared patient volume.Study SettingNon‐federal acute care hospitals in the United States.Study DesignWe assessed the measurement properties of four methods of grouping hospitals: hospital referral regions (HRRs), metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), core‐based statistical areas (CBSAs), and community detection algorithms (CDAs).Data Extraction MethodsWe combined data from the 2014 American Hospital Association Annual Survey, the Census Bureau, the Dartmouth Atlas, and Medicare data on interhospital patient travel patterns. We then evaluated the distinctiveness of each grouping, reliability over time, and generalizability across populations.Principle FindingsHospital groups defined by CDAs were the most distinctive (modularity = 0.86 compared to 0.75 for HRRs and 0.83 for MSAs; 0.72 for CBSA), were reliable to alternative specifications, and had greater generalizability than HRRs, MSAs, or CBSAs. CDAs had lower reliability over time than MSAs or CBSAs (normalized mutual information between 2012 and 2014 CDAs = 0.93).ConclusionsCommunity detection algorithm‐defined hospital groups offer high validity, reliability to different specifications, and generalizability to many uses when compared to approaches in widespread use today. They may, therefore, offer a better choice for efforts seeking to analyze the behaviors and dynamics of groups of hospitals. Measures of modularity, shared information, inclusivity, and shared behavior can be used to evaluate different approaches to grouping providers.
Improving structured population models with more realistic representations of non‐normal growth
Authors: DeMarche Megan L. , Morris William , Linares Cristina , Doak Daniel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Structured population models are among the most widely used tools in ecology and evolution. Integral projection models (IPMs) use continuous representations of how survival, reproduction and growth change as functions of state variables such as size, requiring fewer parameters to be estimated than projection matrix models (PPMs). Yet, almost all published IPMs make an important assumption that size‐dependent growth transitions are or can be transformed to be normally distributed. In fact, many organisms exhibit highly skewed size transitions. Small individuals can grow more than they can shrink, and large individuals may often shrink more dramatically than they can grow. Yet, the implications of such skew for inference from IPMs has not been explored, nor have general methods been developed to incorporate skewed size transitions into IPMs, or deal with other aspects of real growth rates, including bounds on possible growth or shrinkage.

Here, we develop a flexible approach to modelling skewed growth data using a modified beta regression model. We propose that sizes first be converted to a (0,1) interval by estimating size‐dependent minimum and maximum sizes through quantile regression. Transformed data can then be modelled using beta regression with widely available statistical tools. We demonstrate the utility of this approach using demographic data for a long‐lived plant, gorgonians and an epiphytic lichen. Specifically, we compare inferences of population parameters from discrete PPMs to those from IPMs that either assume normality or incorporate skew using beta regression or, alternatively, a skewed normal model.

The beta and skewed normal distributions accurately capture the mean, variance and skew of real growth distributions. Incorporating skewed growth into IPMs decreases population growth and estimated life span relative to IPMs that assume normally distributed growth, and more closely approximate the parameters of PPMs that do not assume a particular growth distribution. A bounded distribution, such as the beta, also avoids the eviction problem caused by predicting some growth outside the modelled size range.

Incorporating biologically relevant skew in growth data has important consequences for inference from IPMs. The approaches we outline here are flexible and easy to implement with existing statistical tools.
Birth outcomes in Aboriginal mother–infant pairs from the Northern Territory, Australia, who received 23‐valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccination during pregnancy, 2006–2011: The PneuMum randomised controlled trial
Authors: McHugh Lisa , Binks Michael , Ware Robert S. , Snelling Tom , Nelson Sandra , Nelson Jane , Dunbar Melissa , Mulholland E. Kim , Andrews Ross M. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundPregnant women and infants <6 months old have a high baseline risk for pneumococcal disease compared to the general population, particularly among Indigenous populations living in poverty and low‐resource settings. Efficacy trials of pneumococcal vaccination in pregnancy examining adverse birth outcomes are lacking.AimsWe report adverse birth events as secondary outcomes from the ‘PneuMum’ randomised controlled trial of 23‐valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (23vPPV) in pregnancy (August 2006–January 2011).Materials and methodsAustralian Aboriginal women aged 17–39 years with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies were randomised (1:2 ratio) to receive 23vPPV or no 23vPPV in pregnancy at 30–36 weeks gestation. We compared risks of stillbirth, preterm birth, low birthweight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) between vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated on an intention‐to‐treat basis.ResultsAmong 227 enrolled participants, 75 (33%) received 23vPPV in pregnancy. Risk differences in adverse birth outcomes between 23vPPV vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women were; preterm birth 9% vs 4% (HR 2.79; 95% CI 0.94–8.32) P = 0.07; LBW 9% vs 5% (HR 2.09; 95% CI 0.76–5.78) P = 0.15; and SGA 15% vs 17% (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.50–2.06) P = 0.96. There were no stillbirths.ConclusionsWe found a numerically higher rate of preterm births among women who received 23vPPV in pregnancy compared to unvaccinated pregnant women. Although further investigation with larger participant numbers is needed to better evaluate this safety signal, the contribution of safety results from smaller studies using appropriate data analysis methodologies is critical, particularly as more clinical trials in pneumococcal vaccination in pregnancy are progressing.
Impact of primary posterior capsulorhexis on regeneratory after‐cataract and YAG laser rates with an acrylic micro‐incision intraocular lens with plate haptics: 1‐year and 3‐year results
Authors: Menapace Rupert , Schriefl Sabine , Lwowski Christoph , Leydolt Christina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and YAG laser capsulotomy (YAG‐LCT) rates with a plate‐haptic acrylic micro‐incision intraocular lens (IOL) and the impact of primary posterior capsulorhexis.MethodsA total of 97 patients scheduled for immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery underwent a randomized, prospective intraindividual comparison with the ZEISS Asphina 409MV plate‐haptic acrylic IOL with the eyes receiving an additional primary posterior capsulorhexis (PPCR) or not. YAG‐LCT and PCO rates were evaluated at 1 and 3 years. Three‐year PCO rates were calculated with a 3‐scenario method for eyes that underwent YAG‐LCT between 1 and 3 years.ResultsA total of 56 patients were seen at 1 year, and 57 at 3 years. For the eyes without and with PPCR, YAG‐LCT rates were 14.3% and 0% at 1 year, and 59.7% and 3.5% at 3 years, respectively. Opacification rates at 1 year were 0.55 ± 0.99 and 0.05 ± 0.21 for the central 2‐mm optic zone. A total of 42 patients completed both the 1‐ and 3‐year follow‐up. Three‐year opacification rates for the group without PPCR were 1.99 ± 2.20, 2.26 ± 2.66 and 3.66 ± 3.61 for the central 2‐mm zone and 2.57 ± 2.07, 3.13 ± 3.03 and 4.09 ± 3.34 for the 4.5‐mm zone for the best, extrapolated and worst‐case scenarios, respectively.ConclusionThe ZEISS Asphina 409MV plate‐haptic acrylic IOL exhibited unusually high YAG‐LCT and PCO rates with standard in‐the‐bag implantation. PPCR was safe and effective in preventing central opacification and the need for YAG laser treatment.
Comparison of urine and blood as a convenient and practical sample for estimating the contamination level of live cattle with radioactive cesium
Authors: Sato Itaru , Sasaki Jun , Satoh Hiroshi , Natsuhori Masahiro , Murata Takahisa , Okada Keiji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBlood and urine were compared to clarify which is a better sample for estimating the concentration of radioactive cesium in muscles of live cattle. The most probable concentration of 137Cs in muscles was 21.0 times that in blood, and the error of this estimation was 28%. The concentration of 137Cs in blood was estimated accurately using urine samples. The estimation error did not increase so much (33%), even when the concentration of 137Cs in muscles was estimated using urine samples. On the other hand, the maximum volume of blood that can be collected with one syringe is 50 ml, whereas it is easy to collect 1,000 ml of urine. It took at least 360 min to confirm that a cow meets the legal standard by inspecting 50 ml of blood. However, with 1,000 ml of urine, a 20 min measurement time was sufficient for this purpose. This difference in the required measurement time is critically important for practical use. In addition, urine can be collected by farmers themselves, whereas the blood collection requires a veterinarian. Therefore, urine is a more convenient and practical sample for estimating the contamination level of live cattle with radioactive cesium.