bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced photocatalytic activities of vandium and molybdenum co‐doped strontium titanate under visible light
Authors: Hoang Van‐Quoc‐Truong , Phan T‐Que-Phuong , Senthilkumar Velusamy , Doan Van‐Thuan , Kim Yong Soo , Le Minh‐Vien 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this report, undoped, mono and co‐doped perovskite strontium titanate (SrTi1−(x+y)MoxVyO3) were synthesized by the sol‐gel method, and their physical and optical properties were investigated. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation activities of the synthesized powders were conducted in 10 ppm methylene blue solution under visible‐light irradiation. A maximum degradation efficiency of 91.5% was achieved in SrTi0.9Mo0.05V0.05O3 powder whereas only 59.9% of degradation was found in undoped SrTiO3. The improved efficiency in co‐doped SrTiO3 was due to the doping of metal cations, Mo+6 and V+5 in the host lattice, which created impurity defect states thereby effectively reducing the bandgap energy of the semiconductor.
Influence of natamycin loading on the performance of transglutaminase‐induced crosslinked gelatin composite films
Authors: Liu Qi , Wu Xiaomeng , Qian Fang , Zhang Tao , Mu Guangqing 
Published: April 2019

SummaryWe investigated the effect of natamycin on the physicochemical properties of crosslinked gelatin films. Natamycin decreased the tensile strength, elongation at break and water vapour barrier of crosslinked gelatin films. The thermal stability of the crosslinked gelatin films varied considerably with natamycin amount. The crosslinked films gradually turned yellow‐green in colour with increasing natamycin content. The aforementioned different influences were associated with the altered microstructure and crystallinity of the crosslinked films induced by increasing natamycin amounts. The performance changes in the films could be attributed to the increase in natamycin, resulting in enhanced natamycin crystallinity, which was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the crosslinking reaction could confer resistance to damage in TGase‐induced aggregation caused by natamycin crystallinity. Therefore, the findings in this paper will facilitate the development of gelatin‐based food‐contact film materials and provide theoretical direction for the packing industry.
Investigation of the arrangement of oxide ion vacancies and their effect on the crystal structure of BaFe0.9In0.1O3−δ
Authors: Fujishiro Fumito , Sasaoka Chinatsu , Shibata Yusuke , Tsuda Kenji , Hashimoto Takuya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe crystal structure of BaFe0.9In0.1O3−δ, which was prepared via heating in N2 (BFI010‐N2), was evaluated using high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and in situ convergent‐beam electron diffraction (CBED) at room temperature and 700°C. Although the crystal structure of BFI010‐N2 at room temperature was assigned to a cubic perovskite‐type structure based on the XRD results, the CBED patterns indicated that the space group of its crystal structure was not (No. 221), which corresponds to an ideal cubic perovskite. When the temperature was increased to 700°C, the symmetries for the space group of cubic perovskite were directly observed by means of in situ CBED, indicating that the partial ordering and/or clustering of oxide ion vacancies in the BFI010‐N2 vanished and that the oxide ion vacancy arrangements became completely random. The change in crystal symmetry agreed with a sudden decrease in the activation energy of oxide ion conduction at 600°C. The crystal symmetry of the BaFe0.9In0.1O3−δ sample that was prepared via heating in O2 (BFI010‐O2) and had a decreased δ value was compared with that of the BFI010‐N2 sample. It was concluded that the same phase transition also occurred by a decrease in δ, similar to phase transitions caused by increasing the temperature.
Formation mechanism of Cu2O particles using layered CaSi2 as a reduction/oxidation mediator
Authors: Itahara Hiroshi , Nakano Hideyuki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate that Cu2O particles can be produced along with siloxene formation by simply dispersing layered CaSi2 into an aqueous solution of CuCl2 and HCl at room temperature. The Cl− ions induce oxidative extraction of Ca from CaSi2 to form siloxene and trigger the reductive deposition of Cu particles. All particles are then gradually oxidized to form Cu2O particles under optimized conditions as follows. A trace amount of residual CaSi2 is dissolved in the solution, which provides OH− ions, and a portion of the formed Cu particles are dissolved as [Cu(OH)4]2− ions. Accordingly, Cu2O particles would be formed through the comproportionation reaction between Cu and [Cu(OH)4]2− ions in the solution. However, under conditions with an excess amount of Cl− ions results in further oxidation of Cu to also form Cu2Cl(OH)3. Thus, CaSi2 acts as an effective reduction and/or oxidation mediator to tune the number of Cl− and OH− ions and control the oxidation state of Cu.
Onsite advanced biocleaning system for historical wall paintings using new agar-gauze bacteria gel
Authors: Ranalli G. , Zanardini E. , Rampazzi L. , Corti C. , Andreotti A. , Colombini M.P. , Bosch-Roig P. , Lustrato G. , Giantomassi C. , Zari D. , Virilli P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThis study reports the results of the application of a new agar-gauze biogel system activated with viable bacterial cells to altered wall paintings.Methods and ResultsBiocleaning using agar biogel and agar-gauze biogel systems was performed onsite by direct application to altered wall painting surfaces (25–1000 cm2). The treatments were performed for the restoration of two original Italian sites: (i) at the Vatican Museums, Cristo che salva Pietro dalle acque—La Navicella, a wall painting by Giovanni Lanfranco (1627–1628) and (ii) at Pisa Cathedral Cupola, Incarnato, a wall painting by Orazio Riminaldi (1593–1630) and his brother Girolamo Riminaldi. The novelty of this study is the use of viable Pseudomonas stutzeri A29 cells in an advanced agar-gauze biogel system and the short bio-application contact times of between 3 and 12 h. The historical artworks were altered by lipid and protein residues from past restoration, as confirmed by Py-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and FT-IR data. The effectiveness of the biological treatment was assessed, and general considerations were discussed.ConclusionsThe short bio-application contact time of advanced agar-gauze gel activated with viable P. stutzeri cells makes this biotechnology promising as an alternative method to the traditional onsite cleaning techniques currently in use for altered historical wall paintings.Significance and Impact of the StudyIn this study, we report for the first time the biocleaning of altered materials located in vertical and vaulted areas using agar-gauze biogel with short application times. These findings are of great significance for future restoration activities and are crucial for determining the best preservation strategies in this field.
Unfolding and displaying the influencing factors of advance directives from the stakeholder's perspective: A concept mapping approach
Authors: Chan Carmen W. H. , Choi Kai C. , Chan Helen Y. L. , Wong Martin M. H. , Ling Gigi C. C. , Chow Ka M. , Chow Amy Y. M. , Lo Raymond , Sham Michael M. K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo develop a culturally relevant conceptual map to discover perceptions of a statutory form of advance directive (AD) for Hong Kong Chinese.DesignThis was the first study on AD using a concept mapping approach with two phases.MethodsThe data collection of the two phases was conducted from February 2016–February 2017. In Phase I, 96 participants were recruited using purposive sampling. In Phase II, multi‐dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to create a concept map based on quantitative data.ResultsThe map depicted six clusters of factors affecting the acceptance of AD, with their importance rating in decreasing order: Conditional factor, value system, process of AD, physical and illness factor, personal situation factor, and socio‐cultural factor.ConclusionThe study adopted a comprehensive approach to unfolding the multi‐faceted factors affecting the acceptance of ADs by stakeholders. Strategies targeting the clusters could be developed to facilitate the discussion and completion of AD.
Congruent patterns of functional diversity in saproxylic beetles and fungi across European beech forests
Authors: Hagge Jonas , Abrego Nerea , Bässler Claus , Bouget Christophe , Brin Antoine , Brustel Herve , Christensen Morten , Gossner Martin M. , Heilmann‐Clausen Jacob , Horák Jakub , Gruppe Axel , Isacsson Gunnar , Köhler Frank , Lachat Thibault , Larrieu Laurent , Schlaghamersky Jiri , Thorn Simon , Zapponi Livia , Müller Jörg 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimBeech forests comprise a globally unique temperate forest type in Europe. The dominance of beech in these forests developed during the ongoing post‐glacial northward re‐colonization, concurrently with intensified forest use by humans. We investigated how these two processes together with climate shaped the patterns of functional diversity of two major species groups involved in wood decomposition and whether functional diversity is determined on the local or regional species pool level.LocationEuropean beech forest distribution range.TaxonSaproxylic beetles and fungi.MethodsWe analysed records of 532,496 saproxylic beetles of 788 species and 8,630 records of 234 saproxylic fungal species based on sets of traits similar to both groups. We tested how space, climate and landscape composition affect trait‐based functional diversity on local and regional scales. Using structural equation modelling, we tested whether functional diversity is shaped on the local or regional scale.ResultsThe response of local functional diversity of both saproxylic beetles and fungi followed a highly congruent pattern of decreasing functional diversity towards the north, with higher elevation and accounted for overall geographical gradients with higher temperature, while increasing with higher precipitation. Structural equation modelling revealed that local functional diversity is determined by community changes operating on the level of the regional species pool.Main conclusionsOur findings suggest that the functional diversity patterns of saproxylic organisms in European beech forests are mainly determined on the regional scale and driven by anthropogenic and biogeographical processes. To conserve the variation and hotspots of functional diversity in beech forests, activities have to focus on a broad spatial and climatic range of sites throughout Europe, including the primeval forests in the east, as started by the UNESCO World Heritage selection of “Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe”.
Quality of life measurement in skin cancer patients: literature review and position paper of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Forces on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes, Melanoma and Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Chernyshov P.V. , Lallas A. , Tomas‐Aragones L. , Arenbergerova M. , Samimi M. , Manolache L. , Svensson A. , Marron S.E. , Sampogna F. , Spillekom‐vanKoulil S. , Bewley A. , Forsea A.M. , Jemec G.B. , Szepietowski J.C. , Augustin M. , Finlay A.Y. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Forces (TFs) on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient Oriented Outcomes, Melanoma and Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) present a review of the literature and position statement on health‐related (HR) QoL assessment in skin cancer patients. A literature search was carried out to identify publications since 1980 that included information about the impact of SC on QoL. Generic, dermatology‐specific, cancer‐specific, SC‐specific, facial SC‐specific, NMSC‐specific, basal cell carcinoma‐specific and melanoma‐specific QoL questionnaires have been used to assess HRQoL in SC patients. HRQoL was assessed in the context of creation and validation of the HRQoL instruments, clinical trials, comparison of QoL in SC and other cancers, other diseases or controls, HRQoL assessment after treatment, comorbidities, behaviour modification, predictors of QoL and survival, supportive care needs, coping strategies and fear of cancer recurrence. The most widely used instruments for HRQoL assessment in SC patients are the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐C30), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Melanoma (FACT‐M), Skin Cancer Index (SCI), Short Form 36 Item Health Survey (SF‐36) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The TFs recommend the use of the cancer‐specific EORTC QLQ‐C30, especially in late stages of disease, and the melanoma‐specific FACT‐M and SC‐specific SCI questionnaires. These instruments have been well validated and used in several studies. Other HRQoL instruments, also with good basic validation, are not currently recommended because the experience of their use is too limited. Dermatology‐specific HRQoL instruments can be used to assess the impact of skin‐related problems in SC. The TFs encourage further studies to validate HRQoL instruments for use in different stages of SC, in order to allow more detailed practical recommendations on HRQoL assessment in SC.
Experimental study on drying characteristic of corncob in plate rotary heat exchanger
Authors: Qi Chonggang , Huang Yuzhe , Ling Xiang , Duan Luanfang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAgricultural processing residues, such as corncobs, can be used as good biomass pellet fuels. To thoroughly study the drying characteristics of corncobs in a rotary dryer, a plate rotary heat exchanger (PRHE) was applied to the drying of corncob particles in the present article. The PRHE had an inner diameter of 273 mm and a length of 1,000 mm. Twelve rectangular plates were designed as the heating plate. The influence of several parameters on the corncob drying characteristics was experimentally investigated. The results indicated that the drying rate increased with increasing corncob initial moisture content, increasing dryer heating power, and decreasing corncob particle diameter. Then, based on the experimental results, two exponential correlations were regressed by the least squares method. Both the correlations were valid and the three‐parameter model had a better fitting degree than the two‐parameter model. The trend in the drying rate of corncobs in PRHE clearly included a rising‐rate stage and a falling‐rate stage. The Taguchi approach was employed to study the impact degree of different factors on the maximum drying rate, which showed that initial moisture content had the largest impact degree, followed by heating power; furthermore, the effect of particle diameter was not significant.Practical applicationsPromoting the use of biomass energy is an effective means to respond to the climate change challenge. As one of the major agricultural processing residues in mainland China, corncob can be processed into biomass pellet fuels with easy storage, high energy density, and low pollutant emissions after crushing, drying and compression molding. For the sake of settling the uncontrollable limitations of traditional open air‐drying method for corncob, author developed a new type of plate rotary heat exchanger (PRHE). By investigating the drying characteristics of corncob in PRHE with various experimental conditions, research findings provide references for the development and large‐scale industrial application of plate rotary drying technology in the drying of agricultural processing residues in the future.
The importance of being psychologically empowered: Buffering the negative effects of employee perceptions of leader–member exchange differentiation
Authors: Emery Cécile , Booth Jonathan E. , Michaelides George , Swaab Alexander J. 
Published: April 2019

Although differentiated relationships among leaders and their followers are fundamental to leader–member exchange (LMX) theory, research provides limited knowledge about whether employees’ responses to individual perceptions of LMX differentiation are uniform. In a field study, we examined whether individual‐level psychological empowerment buffers the negative relationship between perceived LMX differentiation and job satisfaction and found that the negative relationship is strongest under low employee psychological empowerment conditions, as compared to high psychological empowerment. Furthermore, in a multi‐wave field study and an experiment, we extended these initial findings by investigating employees’ perceptions of supervisory fairness as a mediator of this moderated relationship. We found that the indirect effect between perceived LMX differentiation and job satisfaction, through supervisory fairness perceptions, is strongest under low employee psychological empowerment, as compared to high psychological empowerment. Collectively, our findings showcase the importance of psychological empowerment as a tool for employees to use to counteract the negative effect of perceived differentiated contexts.Practitioner points

When employees perceive that their managers have differentiated relationships across workgroup employees, employees tend to be less satisfied in their jobs, and this negative relationship is explained through employees’ perceptions of supervisory fairness.

Employees with low psychological empowerment levels (e.g., employees who feel less in control of their work) report lower levels of job satisfaction when they perceive that their managers differentiate among employees.

However, employees with high levels of psychological empowerment are more resilient in contexts where managers are perceived to differentiate across workgroup employees.

The findings reinforce the necessity for managers and organizations to implement and promote empowerment initiatives.
Psycholinguistic and socioemotional characteristics of young offenders: Do language abilities and gender matter?
Authors: Winstanley Maxine , Webb Roger T. , Conti‐Ramsden Gina 
Published: April 2019

PurposePrevious research demonstrates an association between developmental language disorder (DLD) and criminal offending. International research also implicates alexithymia as being over‐represented in forensic samples. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the psycholinguistic and socioemotional profiles of males and females in the youth justice system, with a focus on first‐time entrants. In the context of restorative justice (RJ) underpinning youth justice disposals, this allows for informed intervention and identifies those who may be compromised in their ability to effectively engage in certain interventions.MethodsParticipants (N = 145) from a triage centre and youth offending teams, with a mean age of 15.8, completed a range of standardized psycholinguistic assessments considering non‐verbal IQ, expressive and receptive language measures, and literacy. Additionally, socioemotional measures completed included The Alexithymia Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.ResultsDevelopmental language disorder was present in 87 participants. Except for the emotional score, no statistically significant gender differences were found. The mean language scores for the DLD group were more than 2.25 standard deviations below the normative mean, and they demonstrated greater literacy difficulties. A high proportion of the group met the criteria for alexithymia/possible alexithymia (60%), and this was not associated with DLD.ConclusionsHigh prevalence values for DLD and socioemotional difficulties, not generally gender‐specific, were found. These difficulties have the possibility to compromise a young person's ability to engage in rehabilitative strategies. Language assessment and identification of difficulties, especially DLD, upon entry to the youth justice service, would assist when planning interventions.
Unexpected questions in deception detection interviews: Does question order matter?
Authors: Warmelink Lara , Subramanian Anna , Tkacheva Daria , McLatchie Neil 
Published: April 2019

PurposeUnexpected questions have been shown to increase cues to deception, without reducing the information given by truth tellers. Two studies investigated whether the detail given by an interviewee is affected by whether the expected or unexpected questions are asked first.MethodsIn Study 1, participants (N = 85) were interviewed about their own intentions, and in Study 2, participants (N = 84) were given an intention by the experimenter. They were then interviewed.ResultsResults showed that in both studies, differences between the expected‐first and the unexpected‐first order were minimal and lie detection accuracy was not improved by asking the unexpected questions first.ConclusionsThese results offer important information for forensic interviewers, showing that there is no need to ask unexpected questions at a certain point in the interview. Link to associated OSF page: https://osf.io/93g7h/?view_only=586daff060d846efb760c8155478ce9e.
Standing genomic variation within coding and regulatory regions contributes to the adaptive capacity to climate in a foundation tree species
Authors: Ahrens Collin W. , Byrne Margaret , Rymer Paul D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGlobal climate is rapidly changing, and the ability for tree species to adapt is dependent on standing genomic variation; however, the distribution and abundance of functional and adaptive variants are poorly understood in natural systems. We test key hypotheses regarding the genetics of adaptive variation in a foundation tree: genomic variation is associated with climate, and genomic variation is more likely to be associated with temperature than precipitation or aridity. To test these hypotheses, we used 9,593 independent, genomic single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 270 individuals sampled from Corymbia calophylla's entire distribution in south‐western Western Australia, spanning orthogonal temperature and precipitation gradients. Environmental association analyses returned 537 unique SNPs putatively adaptive to climate. We identified SNPs associated with climatic variation (i.e., temperature [458], precipitation [75] and aridity [78]) across the landscape. Of these, 78 SNPs were nonsynonymous (NS), while 26 SNPs were found within gene regulatory regions. The NS and regulatory candidate SNPs associated with temperature explained more deviance (27.35%) than precipitation (5.93%) and aridity (4.77%), suggesting that temperature provides stronger adaptive signals than precipitation. Genes associated with adaptive variants include functions important in stress responses to temperature and precipitation. Patterns of allelic turnover of NS and regulatory SNPs show small patterns of change through climate space with the exception of an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene variant with 80% allelic turnover with temperature. Together, these findings provide evidence for the presence of adaptive variation to climate in a foundation species and provide critical information to guide adaptive management practices.