bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of genetic polymorphisms ofCYP2E1, NAT2, GSTandSLCO1B1with the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Seungwon , Hwang Se Jung , Park Jung Yun , Chung Eun Kyoung , Lee Jangik I 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione S-transferase (GST)and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1)and the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Reviews databases were searched through April 2019.Eligibility criteriaWe included case-control or cohort studies investigating an association betweenNAT2, CYP2E1, GSTorSLCO1B1polymorphisms and the ATDILI risk in patients with tuberculosis.Data extraction and synthesisThree authors screened articles, extracted data and assessed study quality. The strength of association was evaluated for each gene using the pooled OR with a 95% CI based on the fixed-effects or random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis was performed to confirm the reliability and robustness of the results.ResultsFifty-four studies were included in this analysis (n=26 forCYP2E1, n=35 forNAT2, n=19 forGST, n=4 forSLCO1B1). The risk of ATDILI was significantly increased with the following genotypes:CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/c1 (OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.83),NAT2slow acetylator (OR=3.30, 95% CI 2.65 to 4.11) andGSTM1null (OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.52). No significant association with ATDILI was found for the genetic polymorphisms ofCYP2E1 DraI,GSTT1,GSTM1/GSTT1,SLCO1B1388A>G andSLCO1B1521T>C (p>0.05).ConclusionsATDILI is more likely to occur in patients withNAT2slow acetylator genotype,CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/c1genotype andGSTM1null genotype. Close monitoring may be warranted for patients with these genotypes.
Ideological Blindspot in the Academic Study of Religion and Film
Authors: Eaghll Tenzan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This essay offers a critique of how “religion” is defined and studied in the academic field of religion and film, and calls for a more nuanced application of ideological analysis to the subject. Surveying the dominant scholarship in the field, it exposes a tendency to provide either theological or mythological definitions of religion and to privilege the category as something sui generis—a unique, special, or “spiritual” domain of things in the world. Moreover, it shows how this scholarship disparages ideological analysis as reductive, abstract, and elite, and fails to consider how religion itself functions ideologically in film and film criticism. Drawing upon the work of critical scholars of religion to support this latter claim, as well as contemporary film studies theory, the article closes with a call for a more nuanced understanding of how ideology is constructed at both an individual and cinematic level.
The influence of the HEART Camp intervention on physical function, health-related quality of life, depression, anxiety and fatigue in patients with heart failure
Authors: Norman Joseph F , Kupzyk Kevin A , Artinian Nancy T , Keteyian Steven J , Alonso Windy S , Bills Sara E , Pozehl Bunny J 
Published: August 2019

Background: Regular exercise training has beneficial effects on quality of life, physical function, depression and anxiety in individuals with heart failure. Unfortunately, individuals with heart failure have low levels of adherence to exercise. Thus, studies are needed to assess intervention strategies which may enhance clinical outcomes. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the components of the HEART Camp intervention, which contributed to optimizing clinical outcomes. Methods: The Heart Failure Exercise and Resistance Training Camp (HEART Camp) was a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent intervention on adherence to exercise (6, 12 and 18 months) compared to an enhanced usual care group. This study assessed various components of the intervention on the secondary outcomes of physical function, health-related quality of life, depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Results: Individuals participating ( n=204) in this study were 55.4% men and the average age was 60.4 (11.5) years. A combination of individualized and group-based strategies demonstrated clinical improvements, HEART Camp versus enhanced usual care groups, in physical function, positive trends in health-related quality of life and positive changes in the minimally important differences for depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Conclusions: Individualized coaching by an exercise professional and group-based educational sessions were identified as important components of patient management contributing to improvements in the secondary outcomes of physical function, health-related quality of life, depression, anxiety and fatigue.
Die Schöne Heimat? Depictions of Germany in a Popular Photobook from the Second Empire to the Federal Republic
Authors: Jefferies Matthew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile existing studies of twentieth-century German photobooks have understandably sought out volumes by the most iconic photographers, with the most innovative typography, or with the most radical political messages, no photobook series better documents the continuities and ruptures of modern German history than the conventional and highly commercial Blauen Bücher, published by Karl Robert Langewiesche starting in 1907. Die Schöne Heimat, first published in 1915, was the series’ best-selling title. By 1971, and the 619,000th copy, Germany had changed fundamentally, yet the book was still recognizable as the one dedicated to “those who have defended their homeland and ours” during World War I. The article explores the remarkable longevity of this popular but problematic publication.
From “German Wolfhounds” to “Ordinary People”
Authors: Rogovin Or 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe image of the perpetrator in Israeli Holocaust fiction changed fundamentally in the mid-1980s: from one-dimensional Nazi beasts, typical of earlier Israeli writing, to humanized individuals, whose vulnerability and multidimensionality may blur the divide between victims and victimizers. This development, which corresponds to similar patterns in other literatures (e.g., George Steiner’s Portage to San Cristobal of A.H.; Jonathan Littell’s Kindly Ones) has received relatively little critical attention, and it is discussed here through a close reading of major Israeli works of fiction—Ka-Tzetnik’s Salamandra, David Grossman’s See Under: Love, A. B. Yehoshua’s Mr. Mani—as well as more minor texts. Using theoretical work in narrative (E. M. Forster, James Phelan) and imagology (Manfred Beller and Joep Leerssen on German national character), this article formulates the recent shift in modes of perpetrator characterization in terms of its poetics and its place in Israel’s literary history.
The lipid transfer protein Saposin B does not directly bind CD1d for lipid antigen loading
Authors: Shamin Maria , Benedyk Tomasz H. , Graham Stephen C. , Deane Janet E. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Lipid antigens are presented on the surface of cells by the CD1 family of glycoproteins, which have structural and functional similarity to MHC class I molecules. The hydrophobic lipid antigens are embedded in membranes and inaccessible to the lumenal lipid-binding domain of CD1 molecules. Therefore, CD1 molecules require lipid transfer proteins for lipid loading and editing. CD1d is loaded with lipids in late endocytic compartments, and lipid transfer proteins of the saposin family have been shown to play a crucial role in this process. However, the mechanism by which saposins facilitate lipid binding to CD1 molecules is not known and is thought to involve transient interactions between protein components to ensure CD1-lipid complexes can be efficiently trafficked to the plasma membrane for antigen presentation. Of the four saposin proteins, the importance of Saposin B (SapB) for loading of CD1d is the most well-characterised. However, a direct interaction between CD1d and SapB has yet to be described. Methods: In order to determine how SapB might load lipids onto CD1d, we used purified, recombinant CD1d and SapB and carried out a series of highly sensitive binding assays to monitor direct interactions. We performed equilibrium binding analysis, chemical cross-linking and co-crystallisation experiments, under a range of different conditions. Results: We could not demonstrate a direct interaction between SapB and CD1d using any of these binding assays. Conclusions: This work establishes comprehensively that the role of SapB in lipid loading does not involve direct binding to CD1d. We discuss the implication of this for our understanding of lipid loading of CD1d and propose several factors that may influence this process.
Investigation of the effects of mirror therapy on the spasticity, motor function and functionality of impaired upper limbs in chronic stroke patients
Authors: Protásio de Melo Luciana , da Silva Costa Valton , Cunha da Silveira Júlio César , Albuquerque Clementino Tatiana Catarina 
Published: August 2019

Background/Aims Strokes lead to different levels of disability. During the chronic stage, hemiparesis, spasticity and motor deficits may cause loss of functional independence. Mirror therapy aims to reduce deficits and increase functional recovery of the impaired upper limb. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mirror therapy on upper limb spasticity and motor function, as well as its impact on functional independence in chronic hemiparetic patients. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, eight chronic hemiparetic patients (age 55.5 ± 10.8 years) were assessed to determine their degree of spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale), level of upper limb motor function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment) and functionality (Functional Independence Measure). All participants received 12 sessions of mirror therapy delivered three times per week, over a period of 4 weeks. Participants were re-evaluated post-intervention and these results were compared to their pre-intervention scores to determine the impact of mirror therapy. Results A decrease in spasticity was observed, with significant improvements in shoulder extensors (P=0.033) and a significant increase in motor function (P=0.002). The therapeutic protocol adopted did not have a significant effect on functional independence (P=0.105). Conclusions Mirror therapy led to improvements in upper limb spasticity and motor function in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. No effects on functional independence were observed. Further research with a larger number of patients is needed to provide more robust evidence of the benefits of mirror therapy in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients.
Making authentic: exploring boundary objects and bricolage in knowledge mobilisation through National Health Service-university partnerships
Authors: Melville-Richards Lucy , Rycroft-Malone Joanne , Burton Christopher , Wilkinson Joyce 
Published: August 2019

Background: In healthcare, bridging the research-to-practice gap is a top priority. Knowledge mobilisation scholars suggest that this gap can be closed through collaboration between knowledge users and producers. The concept of boundary objects – shared things and ideas that enable communication – has gained popularity across various collaborative work practices, but their potential within knowledge mobilisation in health care is understudied. An ongoing challenge for designers of boundary objects is how to create objects that are valued and shared both in principle and in practice.
Aims and objectives: This paper reports on a study of boundary objects used during knowledge mobilisation through NHS-university partnerships called Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRCs). The distinction is investigated between boundary objects-in-theory and boundary objects-in-use, considering whether the latter possess specific characteristics which make them more effective during knowledge mobilisation.
Methods: A qualitative case study of three CLAHRCs was conducted. Twenty-one people employed as ‘boundary spanners’ were interviewed to explore whether boundary objects played a role in knowledge mobilisation.
Findings: The most effective boundary objects-in-use were co-produced through a process of bricolage. These possessed high levels of meaningfulness and resonance, and reconciled multiple user perspectives. Together these properties contributed to the overall authenticity of boundary objects-in-use.
Discussion and conclusion: This paper helps to explain why designated boundary objects frequently fail in practice, and why there is a need to focus on understanding boundary objects based on symbolic, rather than structural, dimensions.
Impact of an Inclusive Postsecondary Education Program on Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disability
Authors: Harrison Ashley J. , Bisson Jennifer B. , Laws Carol B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
People with intellectual disability (ID) experience negative consequences as a result of stigmas held by the public. Students with ID involved in inclusive postsecondary education (IPSE) programs demonstrate positive outcomes. This study examines the impact of an IPSE program on typically matriculating student attitudes toward ID. Explicit and implicit attitudes were measured at the start and end of a semester among IPSE volunteer peer mentors (n = 17) and an uninvolved student group (n = 14). Findings indicate that volunteers demonstrated lower discomfort after their volunteer experience, as measured by the Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disability Questionnaire (ATTID). Volunteers also demonstrated higher knowledge of causes and preference for interaction with people with ID than nonvolunteers. This demonstrates that volunteer involvement in IPSE positively impacts attitudes toward people with ID among typically matriculating college students.
Selection Between Liver Resection Versus Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Fu Sirui , Wei Jingwei , Zhang Jie , Dong Di , Song Jiangdian , Li Yong , Duan Chongyang , Zhang Shuaitong , Li Xiaoqun , Gu Dongsheng , Chen Xudong , Hao Xiaohan , He Xiaofeng , Yan Jianfeng , Liu Zhenyu , Tian Jie , Lu Ligong 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Models should be developed to assist choice between liver resection (LR) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODS:
After separating 520 cases from 5 hospitals into training (n = 302) and validation (n = 218) data sets, we weighted the cases to control baseline difference and ensured the causal effect between treatments (LR and TACE) and estimated progression-free survival (PFS) difference. A noninvasive PFS model was constructed with clinical factors, radiological characteristics, and radiomic features. We compared our model with other 4 state-of-the-art models. Finally, patients were classified into subgroups with and without significant PFS difference between treatments.

RESULTS:
Our model included treatments, age, sex, modified Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, fusion lesions, hepatocellular carcinoma capsule, and 3 radiomic features, with good discrimination and calibrations (area under the curve for 3-year PFS was 0.80 in the training data set and 0.75 in the validation data set; similar results were achieved in 1- and 2-year PFS). The model had better accuracy than the other 4 models. A nomogram was built, with different scores assigned for LR and TACE. Separated by the threshold of score difference between treatments, for some patients, LR provided longer PFS and might be the better option (training: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.50, P = 0.014; validation: HR = 0.52, P = 0.026); in the others, LR provided similar PFS with TACE (training: HR = 0.84, P = 0.388; validation: HR = 1.14, P = 0.614). TACE may be better because it was less invasive.

DISCUSSION:
We propose an individualized model predicting PFS difference between LR and TACE to assist in the optimal treatment choice.
KAIDAH KEMUTTASILAN SANAD HADIS (Studi Kritis Terhadap Pendapat Syuhudi Ismail)
Authors: Syamsuddin Sahiron 
Published: August 2019

The study of the sanad is very important in hadith studies. This article attempts to analyze and criticize Syuhudi Ismail theory of the ittisal sanad (the connectedness of hadith chain). The author comes to two conclusions. First, a chain hadith is considered muttasil (unbroken) if each narrator to the previous nearest narrator validly existing under the provisions of tahammul wa 'al-ada’ al-hadis and according to historical provisions. Second, the credibility, religious commitment, and cleverty (s}iqah, ‘adalah, d}âbit}) are not something that are essential in determining ittisal sanad. The ‘adalah (religious commitment) (without cleverty) should be sufficient, as long as it does not fall on mudallis narrators category.
HERMENEUTIKA HADIS MAHMUD ABŪ RAYYAH DALAM KITAB ADHWA` ALA AL-SUNNAH AL-NABAWIYYAH (KAJIAN ‘ADALAH AL-SAHĀBAH)
Authors: Sobirin Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

This article tries to criticize the term ‘adalah al-shahabah by elaborating the work of Abu Rayyah titled Adhwa` Ala Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyyah. For him, ‘adalah shahabah is not a final concept and taken for granted. Then he deconstructs this concept and makes a new conception. In sum, Abu Rayyah ideas that place shahabah under criticism is one of the idea to refresh Islamic thought where in Shahabah era, it was common to criticize a shahabah to another.
Follow-up of incidental pulmonary nodules and association with mortality in a safety-net cohort
Authors: Lee Jonathan S. , Lisker Sarah , Vittinghoff Eric , Cherian Roy , McCoy David B. , Rybkin Alex , Su George , Sarkar Urmimala 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Though incidental pulmonary nodules are common, rates of guideline-recommended surveillance and associations between surveillance and mortality are unclear. In this study, we describe adherence (categorized as complete, partial, late and none) to guideline-recommended surveillance among patients with incidental 5–8 mm pulmonary nodules and assess associations between adherence and mortality.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of 551 patients (≥35 years) with incidental pulmonary nodules conducted from September 1, 2008 to December 31, 2016, in an integrated safety-net health network.

Results
Of the 551 patients, 156 (28%) had complete, 87 (16%) had partial, 93 (17%) had late and 215 (39%) had no documented surveillance. Patients were followed for a median of 5.2 years [interquartile range (IQR), 3.6–6.7 years] and 82 (15%) died during follow-up. Adjusted all-cause mortality rates ranged from 2.24 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24–3.25] deaths per 100 person-years for complete follow-up to 3.30 (95% CI, 2.36–4.23) for no follow-up. In multivariable models, there were no statistically significant associations between the levels of surveillance and mortality (p > 0.16 for each comparison with complete surveillance). Compared with complete surveillance, adjusted mortality rates were non-significantly increased by 0.45 deaths per 100 person-years (95% CI, −1.10 to 2.01) for partial, 0.55 (95% CI, −1.08 to 2.17) for late and 1.05 (95% CI, −0.35 to 2.45) for no surveillance.

Conclusions
Although guideline-recommended surveillance of small incidental pulmonary nodules was incomplete or absent in most patients, gaps in surveillance were not associated with statistically significant increases in mortality in a safety-net population.
Vom protestantischen „Beichtvater“ zum Verhaltenstherapeuten. Überzeugungsstrategien und Kommunikationsmuster bei Fundamentalisten und New Evangelicals (ca. 1920–1970)
Authors: Coché Stefanie H. 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die neuere Forschung hat in den letzten Jahren bemängelt, dass der Fokus auf den Kalten Krieg lange die Brüche in der amerikanischen Nachkriegsgesellschaft verschleiert habe. Während dem Aufstieg der New Right vor den 1980er Jahren zuletzt mehr Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet wurde, bleibt der genuin religiöse Anteil der Evangelikalen hieran vor ihrem politischen Engagement in der moral majority weitestgehend im Dunkeln. Dieser Aufsatz vertritt die These, dass die Eroberung des modernen Alltags als religiöses Betätigungsfeld ein wesentlicher Faktor für den verblüffenden Erfolg Billy Grahams und der sich um ihn herum formierenden New Evangelicals war. Graham gelang eine religiöse Aneignung neuer, „moderner“ Themen, indem er die Regeln des konservativen protestantischen Diskurses maßgeblich veränderte. Während sein unmittelbarer Vorgänger Charles Fuller gleichsam als protestantischer „Beichtvater“ agierte, nahm Billy Graham die Rolle eines „Verhaltenstherapeuten“ ein. Auf diese Weise lotste er eine rückwärtsgewandte religiöse Tradition, die in der Zwischenkriegszeit bereits zu einer Nischenexistenz verdammt gewesen zu sein schien, zurück in den Mainstream und trug damit wesentlich zum politischen, kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Einfluss der Evangelikalen in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts in den USA bei. Diesem im westlichen Vergleich außergewöhnlichen und kontrasäkularen Wandel konservativer protestantischer Religiosität widmet sich der Artikel, indem er die jeweilige diskursive Präsentation und die inhaltlichen Schwerpunkte der Fundamentalisten und New Evangelicals analysiert. Damit richtet er den Blick von der Religion auf die Moderne und löst einen in den letzten Jahren mehrfach geforderten Perspektivwechsel ein.
From flamano to urban vernacular. Linguistic and meta-linguistic heritage of first generation miners in Flemish Limburg
Authors: Marzo Stefania 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article explores the linguistic and meta-linguistic heritage of the Italian mine workers families that arrived in Belgian Limburg after the Second World War. On the basis of historical research, discourse analysis of texts and sociolinguistic interviews, I describe how the complex linguistic integration of first-generation migrants, that was scarcely noticed and debated until the 1960s, has been picked up and enregistered by second- and third-generation Italians in Limburg. I show how first generation’s hybrid linguistic practices have come to be linked to one particular mining city, the city of Genk, and enregistered as an urban vernacular of this place, although they still refer to the larger historical background they are rooted in. I explain this heritage in three steps. First, I describe the complex contact-linguistic situation of first-generation miners’ families. I will then present the linguistic consequences of this situation, by describing the emergence of a multilingual, but mainly French-based mining jargon among Flemish and foreign miners. In a third step, I place the social and linguistic situation of first-generation miners at the root of the linguistic practices of second- and third-generation Italians in Limburg.