bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ULK1 methylation promotes TGF‐β1‐induced endometrial fibrosis via the FOXP1/DNMT1 axis
Authors: Zeng Yuhua , Feng Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntrauterine adhesion (IUA) is the second most common cause of secondary infertility in women and can also lead to menstrual abnormalities and multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, elucidating the mechanism of its development is crucial for the prevention and treatment of IUA. This study will investigate the function and mechanism of forkhead box P1 (FOXP1)/DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)/unc‐51‐like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) in IUA. Expression levels of key genes were detected using western blot and quantitative ‐ real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK‐8 and EdU staining. Transcriptional regulation relationships were detected by dual luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Methylation station of ULK1 was detected by methylmion specific PCR (MSP). Fibrosis and pathological changes in the uterine cavity tissues were detected by Masson and hematoxylin and eosin staining. It was observed that the expression of FOXP1 and DNMT1 increased in transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐induced cells, while ULK1 expression decreased. Downregulation of FOXP1 could inhibit human endometrial stromal cells proliferation and autophagy, as well as decrease the expression of fibrogenic factors (collagen type I alpha 1 chain [COL1A1], fibronectin [FN], and alpha‐smooth muscle actin [α‐SMA]). The results of MSP and ChIP experiments showed that DNMT1 promotes methylation of the ULK1 promoter region and inhibits its transcription. In an animal model, knockdown of FOXP1 alleviated pathological fibrosis and uterine adhesions. Knockdown of FOXP1 can inhibit endometrial fibrosis in IUA rats; FOXP1 could be a potential target for the treatment of IUA.
Meadow Degradation Affects Microbial Community Structure and Vegetation Characteristics by Increasing Soil pH
Authors: Chai Jiali , Yao Tuo , Li Haiyun , Wang Xian , Liu Xiaoting , Li Changning , Li Shuangxiong , Bai Jie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSoil is the natural habitat for microorganisms, providing water and nutrients for vegetation, but the influence of meadow degradation on the “vegetation‐soil‐microorganism” system is still controversial, and the drivers of soil microbial and vegetation characteristics change are still unclear. This study explores in‐depth the vegetation and soil changes in four different degradation levels, that is, non‐degraded (ND), lightly degraded (LD), moderately degraded (MD), and severely degraded (SD), in the northeastern region of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. Soil metagenomic sequencing methods were employed to understand the soil microbial and functional diversity and the factors that influence them. The findings indicated that alpine meadow degradation decreased the vegetation height, coverage, and above‐ground biomass (AGB), but increased the vegetation diversity index. In addition, meadow degradation reduces soil properties (organic carbon, total nitrogen and phosphorus, available nitrogen and phosphorus) and enzyme activities (sucrase, cellulase, urease, and catalase) but increases soil pH. The copiotrophic groups (Actinobacteria, Ascomycota) decreased while oligotrophic groups (Acidobacteria, Glomeromycota) increased with meadow degradation. In particular, changes in vegetation characteristics and microbial community structure in alpine meadows are strongly influenced by changes in soil pH. In conclusion, the degradation of alpine meadows leads to the growth of some barren‐tolerant species and deviation of soil pH from neutrality, which increases vegetation diversity but surface exposure reduces the vegetation richness, affects the type and amount of root secretions and changes in soil microbial communities, which reduce the fixation and release of soil nutrients. This study provides the theoretical basis for further analyzing the inner mechanism of alpine meadow degradation.
Effect of Rocky Desertification Control on the Nonlinear Trends of Gross Primary Productivity in Southwest Karst Areas, China
Authors: Zhang Mingyang , Chen Yu , Liu Huiyu , Xue Peng , Liang Chuanzhuang , Wang Xing , Wang Kelin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMonitoring trends in gross primary productivity (GPP) is essential for assessing changes in carbon sinks. The implementation of rocky desertification control in karst areas has led to an increase in GPP. However, its impact on the nonlinearity of GPP increase has not been determined. Based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method, this paper analyzed the nonlinear trend of GPP in the Karst region of southwest China from 1982 to 2018 and clarified the impact of rocky desertification control on the nonlinear trend of GPP, the results show that: (1) The Mann–Kendall method found that 47.17% and 50.11% of the study areas showed nonsignificant change and significant increase in GPP, however, 6.72% and 8.58% of the regions with nonsignificant change and significant increase respectively show the trend reversal from increase to decrease with EEMD method, moreover, 2.94% and 4.19% show the trend reversal from decrease to increase, respectively; (2) Rocky desertification control changed GPP more significantly in rock desertification area than nonrocky desertification area. With the aggravation of rocky desertification, the control effect becomes better, which is reflected in the increasing proportion of monotonic increases in GPP. However, for severe rocky desertification areas, the effect of governance is more reflected in the large proportion of GPP from reduction to increase. (3) The control effect is better, but the risk of carbon sink reduction is higher in changed rocky desertification areas than those in unchanged rocky desertification areas. In the meantime, the mitigation of rocky desertification can favor the increasing of GPP in the areas with severe and moderate rocky desertification, while it can just reduce the risk of decreasing of GPP in the areas with potential and slight rocky desertification. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the impact of rocky desertification control on carbon cycle processes in both changed and unchanged rocky desertification areas.
CoralCT: A platform for transparent and collaborative analyses of growth parameters in coral skeletal cores
Authors: DeCarlo Thomas M. , Whelehan Allyndaire , Hedger Brighton , Perry Devyn , Pompel Maya , Jasnos Oliwia , Strange Avi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe present CoralCT, a software application for analysis of annual extension, density, and calcification in coral skeletal cores. CoralCT can be used to analyze computed tomography (CT) scans or X‐ray images of skeletal cores through a process in which observers interact with images of a core to define the locations of annual density bands. The application streamlines this process by organizing the observer‐defined banding patterns and automatically measuring growth parameters. Analyses can be conducted in two or three dimensions, and observers have the option to utilize an automatic band‐detection feature. CoralCT is linked to a server that stores the raw CT and X‐ray image data, as well as output growth rate data for hundreds of cores. Overall, this server‐based system enables broad collaborations on coral core analysis with standardized methods and—crucially—creates a pathway for implementing multiobserver analysis. We assess the method by comparing multiple techniques for measuring annual extension and density, including a corallite‐tracing approach, medical imaging software, two‐dimensional vs. three‐dimensional analyses, and between multiple observers. We recommend that CoralCT be used not only as a measurement tool but also as a platform for data archiving and conducting open, collaborative science.
The osteogenic effect of mesenchymal stem cells regulated by photo‐crosslinked hydrogels with tunable elastic modulus
Authors: Sun Haifu , Qian Chen , Chen Kai , Wang Yu , Yang Yuqing , Li Yonggang , Xu Fan , Chen Liang , Li Kun , Hong Youzhi , Qiao Yusen , Geng Dechun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiomimicry is the enduring pursuit in the field of bone implants, wherein bio‐materials with adjustable elastic modulus and porosity, the same as natural bone, offer a novel strategy for developing and applying new bone repair materials. Conventional biomaterials are often used to repair bone defects without complete consideration of structural and functional osseointegration, leading to interface repair failure. In this study, organic‐inorganic interpenetrating network technology was employed using varying amounts of nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) and osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) to construct biomimetic bones with low, medium, and high nano‐hydroxyapatite content (GelMA‐c‐OGP/nHAP). As the concentration of nano‐hydroxyapatite increases, comprehensive evaluations of the biomimetic materials were conducted using osteogenic ability tests, Micro‐CT scans, nanoindentation tests, and mechanical tests. The developed biomimetic structural material exhibits well‐controlled mechanical properties. Compared to natural bone trabeculae, this biomimetic material not only maintains the organic and inorganic ratio of natural bone but also demonstrates exceptional mechanical load‐bearing capabilities. Additionaly，this scaffold exhibits good porosity and mechanical properties. It enhances cell adhesion, integrates perfectly with bone tissue, and demonstrates excellent osteogenic ability both in vitro and in vivo. This study lays the foundation for constructing biomimetic scaffolds with adjustable mechanical properties, presenting high prospects for applications in the field of tissue engineering.
Green Technology Investment and Production Decisions Considering Stochastic Demand and Firms' Decision Preferences Under Cap‐and‐Trade Regulation
Authors: Ding Chenchong , Jin Shuai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates how finite rational firms optimally respond to market potential under cap‐and‐trade regulation, considering stochastic demand. Using the mean–variance model framework, we develop an optimization model for green technology investment and production by finite rational firms with different decision‐making preferences. The main results indicate: (1) Under stable demand, firms investing in green technology gain more profits and consumer surplus, however, the effectiveness of carbon emission reduction depends on the market potential size. (2) Under stochastic demand, optimal decisions resulting from firms' varying decision preferences systematically deviate from those of risk‐neutral firms and often demonstrate firms' risk‐averse tendencies that lean towards conservatism. As external factors change, there can even be a reversal in technology investment with an increase in demand uncertainty that amplifies this systematic deviation. (3) Taking firms with different decision‐making preferences as the starting point, this study further analyses the distortion effect of the firm's risk attitude on the optimal technology investment and production decisions, enriching the related research on the joint decision‐making risk model of clean production. And it is more pertinent to the complex situation firms face in the real situation with decision‐making. (4) This study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the finite rational firms facing green technology investment choices. Considering the risk‐averse characteristics of firms, this study suggests that the government should establish a risk‐sharing mechanism to weaken the deviation of stochastic demand from the optimal decision‐making of firms or implement certain subsidy policies to protect the profit level of firms.
Validation of Parkinson's Disease Ascertainment in the Veterans Administration Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Goldman Samuel M. , Weaver Frances M. , Cao Lishan , Gonzalez Beverly , Stroupe Kevin T. , Colletta Kalea , Jugnundan Shamil , Brown Ethan G. , Tanner Caroline M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundElectronic medical record (EMR)–based studies hold great potential for epidemiologic investigations of Parkinson's disease (PD) causal factors and phenomenology, but diagnostic misclassification may obscure or bias inferences.ObjectivesThe aims were to determine the validity of PD diagnostic codes in the Veterans Administration (VA) national electronic medical databases and develop recommendations for maximizing ascertainment accuracy.MethodsWe investigated a cohort of 146,776 veterans who utilized VA healthcare between 1999 and 2021. We reviewed the medical records of individuals with a PD International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code in outpatient, inpatient, or community care encounters to assign a gold‐standard diagnosis. We determined diagnostic accuracy based on provider type, coding frequency, medications, and potentially exclusionary ICD codes overall and by race.ResultsA total of 377 of 810 (46.5%) with a PD ICD code had PD. Veterans whose PD was coded by a PD‐specialist neurologist were most likely to have PD (83.6%), but sensitivity was low (15.0%). Diagnostic accuracy decreased for PD coded by any neurologist (66.9%), but sensitivity improved (69.4%). Requiring two or more PD codes in combination with two or more levodopa prescriptions improved accuracy, particularly among nonneurologists. Neuroleptic‐induced parkinsonism was the most frequent diagnosis in those without PD (15.6%). Accuracy was lower in Black (29.0%) than White (50.5%) veterans regardless of provider type (miscoding odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.7–3.6).ConclusionsThese results highlight the limitations of EMR‐based PD ascertainment. Researchers can maximize accuracy by considering provider specialty, coding frequency, pharmacy data, and exclusionary diagnoses, but some degree of record review is required to ensure high accuracy. Higher miscoding among Black veterans warrants further study. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
REMEDIATE: Improving Network and Middlebox Resilience With Virtualisation
Authors: Hill Lyn , Rotsos Charalampos , Edwards Chris , Hutchison David 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe increasing demand for low‐latency, high‐bandwidth connectivity has introduced novel challenges to delivering strong resilience guarantees in production network environments. Closed hardware platforms, known as middleboxes, that lack visibility and support for state retention remain a key challenge for continuous service delivery during network failures. These middleboxes rarely employ recovery mechanisms of their own, inspiring renewed interest in the field of NFV in recent years due to this gap within the industry. The increasing availability of VNF capabilities in modern infrastructures offers an opportunity to exploit the flexibility of software and use hybrid architectures to improve resilience. REMEDIATE is a high‐availability service that propagates state between unmodified hardware middleboxes and backup PNF or VNF appliances. The platform utilises targeted packet mirroring to allow network devices to organically construct equivalent state and thus allow an easy transition between hardware and software. To demonstrate its viability, we have evaluated REMEDIATE against a wide range of common hardware middlebox use cases built using multiple open‐source packet processing frameworks. Results show upwards of 90% matching state with no observable delay to normal traffic or impact on its functionality.
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Metal Halide Perovskite: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Liu Siyang , Akram Waseem , Ye Fanghao , Jin JingCheng , Niu Fangfang , Ahmed Shakeel , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Dong Shou‐Cheng , Li Guijun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFörster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is a non‐radiative energy transfer process in a donor‐acceptor system and has applications in various fields, such as single‐molecule investigations, biosensor creation, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mechanics research. The investigation of FRET processes in metal halide perovskites has also attracted great attention from the community. The review aims to provide an up‐to‐date study of FRET in the context of perovskite systems. First, we discuss the fundamentals of FRET process, and then summarize the recent progress of FRET phenomenon in perovskite‐perovskite, perovskite‐inorganic fluorophores, perovskite‐organic fluorophores, and organic fluorophores‐perovskite systems. Finally, we speculate on the future prospects of roles of FRET in the implications for the overall performance of optoelectronic devices based on these systems, as well as the challenges in maximizing FRET efficiency.
A simple synthesis of supramolecular Polyamide12 via solid‐state melt reaction and its interlaminar properties in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Minkook , Song SeungHyeon , Choi Junseok , Jeong Yu‐Gyeong , Kim Kihyun , Choi Yong–Seok 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite the exceptional mechanical properties of epoxy‐based carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic (CFRP), its commercial potential is limited due to high production costs and manufacturing difficulties. As a promising alternative, thermoplastic‐based CFRP (CFRTP) offers simpler manufacturing, lower cost, and recyclability. This study presents a strategy to overcome challenges for CFRTP manufacturing by using a low molecular weight (MW) thermoplastic that forms high‐MW assemblies via dynamic molecular interactions. A quadruple hydrogen‐bonding unit (UPy)‐end functional polyamide (PA‐UPy) was synthesized by simple solid‐state melt reaction of powdered mixture of PA12 and UPy‐containing isocyanate. An increase in tensile properties was observed with an increase in crystallinity by the adoption of UPy moiety. The adoption of PA‐UPy in CFRTP, prepared by simply stacking the powder and CF fabric followed by hot pressing, enhanced the composite's tensile and interlaminar properties. Therefore, this process is proposed as a simple and effective method to improve the mechanical properties of CFRTP.Highlights
Synthesis of PA‐UPy achieved via solid‐state melt reaction of PA and UPy.
PA supramolecular structure boosts tensile strength and modulus of films and CFRTP.
UPy‐NCO doubles the interlaminar shear strength of PA‐UPy‐based CFRTP.
Carnivore salarymen and herbivore males: Kimi no Na wa and the shift to the omnivorous person
Authors: Miyose Colby Y. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTConcerns of gender equality and fluidity has been a long‐standing issue in contemporary society for decades, however, recently, the pressing issue surrounding media representations of gender has come to the forefront. The rise of feminist studies over the last few decades has led to a cornucopia of research on manga and anime in relation to femininity, but fewer examine masculinity or gender fluidity. This paper will expand the study of both femininity and masculinity but will mainly focus on masculinity, in the form of the Carnivore Woman and the Herbivore Man, with an argument towards the “Omnivorous Person.” The omnivorous person can be thought of as an extension and paralleling to gender fluidity. As a highly accessible medium, through fantasy and metaphor, anime and manga have the ability to display a collective consciousness of Japanese society. To further elaborate on these new gender trends within Japanese popular media, a textual analysis of the anime film Kimi no Na wa (2016) will be used as exemplar. It is impossible to conduct any in‐depth study that is truly representative of a genre, especially considering the magnitude and vastness of manga and anime, however, selecting a text that is “popular” can suppose some degree of cultural relevance.
Determining Targets for Antiretroviral Drug Concentrations: A Causal Framework Illustrated With Pediatric Efavirenz Data From the CHAPAS‐3 Trial
Authors: Schomaker Michael , Denti Paolo , Bienczak Andrzej , Burger David , Díaz Iván , Gibb Diana M. , Walker Ann Sarah , McIlleron Helen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDetermining a therapeutic window for maintaining antiretroviral drug concentrations within an appropriate range is required for identifying effective dosing regimens. The limits of this window are typically calculated using predictive models. We propose that target concentrations should instead be calculated based on counterfactual probabilities of relevant outcomes and describe a counterfactual framework for this.MethodsThe proposed framework is applied in an analysis including longitudinal observational data from 125 HIV‐positive children treated with efavirenz‐based regimens within the CHAPAS‐3 trial, which enrolled children < 13 years in Zambia/Uganda. A directed acyclic graph was developed to visualize the mechanisms affecting antiretroviral concentrations. Causal concentration‐response curves, adjusted for measured time‐varying confounding of weight and adherence, are calculated using g‐computation.ResultsThe estimated curves show that higher concentrations during follow‐up, 12/24 h after dose, lead to lower probabilities of viral failure (> 100 c/mL) at 96 weeks of follow‐up. Estimated counterfactual failure probabilities under the current target range of 1–4 mg/L range from 24% to about 2%. The curves are almost identical for slow, intermediate and extensive metabolizers and show that a mid‐dose concentration level of ≥ 3.5 mg/L would be required to achieve a failure probability of < 5%.ConclusionsOur analyses demonstrate that a causal approach may lead to different minimum concentration limits than analyses that are based on purely predictive models. Moreover, the approach highlights that indirect causes of failure, such as patients' metabolizing status, may predict patients' failure risk, but do not alter the threshold at which antiviral activity of efavirenz is severely reduced.
Exploring the Multifunctional Properties of Tm‐Doped AlxGa1−xN Alloys: From Potoluminescence to Spintronics
Authors: Belhachi Soufyane , Merabet B. , Al‐Qaisi Samah , Goumri‐Said Souraya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study delves into the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of Tm‐doped wurtzite AlxGa1−xN alloys, utilizing first‐principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By applying the LSDA+U approach to capture the strong correlation effects of 4f‐Tm electrons, our findings reveal that Tm‐doped AlxGa1−xN exhibits semiconducting behavior with inherent ferromagnetic order. Remarkably, the bandgap of Tm‐doped AlxGa1−xN transitions from indirect to direct at an Al content (x) of 0.25, highlighting its potential for dual electrical and magnetic functionalities. The magnetic moments are highly localized at Tm sites, suggesting the feasibility of Tm as a dopant for developing AlGaN‐based diluted magnetic semiconductors. Moreover, the observed spin‐dependent characteristics and magnetic interactions in Tm‐doped AlxGa1−xN underscore its applicability in spintronic devices, including spin transistors and spin logic circuits, which could significantly advance next‐generation electronic systems. Additionally, the study predicts a blue shift in luminescence for Tm‐doped AlxGa1−xN, which is attributed to the interplay between Tm dopant energy levels, Al composition, and the host alloy's band structure, as well as energy transfer and quantum confinement effects. This positions Tm‐doped AlxGa1−xN as a promising material for applications in solid‐state lighting, displays, lasers, and other optoelectronic devices requiring blue light emission.