bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social learning from conspecifics and humans in dog puppies
Authors: Fugazza Claudia , Moesta Alexandra , Pogány Ákos , Miklósi Ádám 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSocial learning is especially advantageous for young individuals because it reduces the risks of trial-and-error learning, while providing an efficient way of acquiring information. Whereas adult dogs are known to excel in social learning skills, the ontogeny of this process has been mainly overlooked. The focus of our study was to investigate whether the capacity of social learning is already developed in dogs at an early age. We tested 8-week-old dog puppies on their ability to learn socially to open a puzzle box baited with food and on their capacity to retain the acquired information in their memory. Puppies were tested with conspecific and human demonstrators. We further investigated on whether demonstrations performed by their mother or by an unfamiliar conspecific model affected puppies’ learning trend differently. We found that social learning skills are present in 8 weeks old puppies and they remembered this experience for 1 hour. Puppies learned to solve the task from both conspecific and human demonstrators, thereby endorsing dogs’ flexibility in learning from different social partners. Unexpectedly, puppies were more likely to learn from unfamiliar conspecifics than from their mother, probably as a result of greater attention payed to the demonstration performed by the unfamiliar model.
N-doped graphene-based copper nanocomposite with ultralow electrical resistivity and high thermal conductivity
Authors: Zheng Liang , Zheng Hui , Huo Dexuan , Wu Feimei , Shao Lihuan , Zheng Peng , Jiang Yuan , Zheng Xiaolong , Qiu Xinping , Liu Yan , Zhang Yang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNanocomposite with a room-temperature ultra-low resistivity far below that of conventional metals like copper is considered as the next generation conductor. However, many technical and scientific problems are encountered in the fabrication of such nanocomposite materials at present. Here, we report the rapid and efficient fabrication and characterization of a novel nitrogen-doped graphene-copper nanocomposite. Silk fibroin was used as a precursor and placed on a copper substrate, followed by the microwave plasma treatment. This resulted nitrogen-doped graphene-copper composite possesses an electrical resistivity of 0.16 µΩ·cm at room temperature, far lower than that of copper. In addition, the composite has superior thermal conductivity (538 W/m·K at 25 °C) which is 138% of copper. The combination of excellent thermal conductivity and ultra-low electrical resistivity opens up potentials in next-generation conductors.
Protein profiling of water and alkali soluble cottonseed protein isolates
Authors: He Zhongqi , Zhang Dunhua , Cao Heping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCurrently, there is only limited knowledge on the protein types and structures of the cottonseed proteins. In this work, water-soluble cottonseed proteins (CSPw) and alkali-soluble cottonseed proteins (CSPa) were sequentially extracted from defatted cottonseed meal. Proteins of the two fractions were separated by 4–20% gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); There were 7 and 12 polypeptide bands on SDS-PAGE of CSPa and CSPw, respectively. These individual bands were then excised from the gel and subjected to mass spectrometric analysis. There were total 70 polypeptides identified from the proteins of the two cottonseed preparations, with molecular weights ranging from 10 to 381 kDa. While many proteins or their fragments were found in multiple bands, 18 proteins appeared only in one SDS-PAGE band (6 in CSPa, 12 in CSPw). Putative functions of these proteins include storage, transcription/translation, synthesis, energy metabolism, antimicrobial activity, and embryogenesis. Among the most abundant are legumin A (58 kDa), legumin B (59 kDa), vicilin C72 (70 kDa), vicilin GC72-A (71 kDa), and vicilin-like antimicrobial peptides (62 kDa). This work enriched the fundamental knowledge on cottonseed protein composition, and would help in better understanding of the functional and physicochemical properties of cottonseed protein and for enhancing its biotechnological utilization.
Boat noise prevents soundscape-based habitat selection by coral planulae
Authors: Lecchini David , Bertucci Frédéric , Gache Camille , Khalife Adam , Besson Marc , Roux Natacha , Berthe Cecile , Singh Shubha , Parmentier Eric , Nugues Maggy M. , Brooker Rohan M. , Dixson Danielle L. , Hédouin Laetitia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between coral reef condition and recruitment potential is vital for the development of effective management strategies that maintain coral cover and biodiversity. Coral larvae (planulae) have been shown to use certain sensory cues to orient towards settlement habitats (e.g. the odour of live crustose coralline algae - CCA). However, the influence of auditory cues on coral recruitment, and any effect of anthropogenic noise on this process, remain largely unknown. Here, we determined the effect of protected reef (MPA), exploited reef (non-MPA) soundscapes, and a source of anthropogenic noise (boat) on the habitat preference for live CCA over dead CCA in the planula of two common Indo-Pacific coral species (Pocillopora damicornis and Acropora cytherea). Soundscapes from protected reefs significantly increased the phonotaxis of planulae of both species towards live CCA, especially when compared to boat noise. Boat noise playback prevented this preferential selection of live CCA as a settlement substrate. These results suggest that sources of anthropogenic noise such as motor boat can disrupt the settlement behaviours of coral planulae. Acoustic cues should be accounted for when developing management strategies aimed at maximizing larval recruitment to coral reefs.
Cardio-visual full body illusion alters bodily self-consciousness and tactile processing in somatosensory cortex
Authors: Heydrich Lukas , Aspell Jane Elizabeth , Marillier Guillaume , Lavanchy Tom , Herbelin Bruno , Blanke Olaf 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProminent theories highlight the importance of bodily perception for self-consciousness, but it is currently not known whether this is based on interoceptive or exteroceptive signals or on integrated signals from these anatomically distinct systems, nor where in the brain such integration might occur. To investigate this, we measured brain activity during the recently described ‘cardio-visual full body illusion’ which combines interoceptive and exteroceptive signals, by providing participants with visual exteroceptive information about their heartbeat in the form of a periodically illuminated silhouette outlining a video image of the participant’s body and flashing in synchrony with their heartbeat. We found, as also reported previously, that synchronous cardio-visual signals increased self-identification with the virtual body. Here we further investigated whether experimental changes in self-consciousness during this illusion are accompanied by activity changes in somatosensory cortex by recording somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). We show that a late somatosensory evoked potential component (P45) reflects the illusory self-identification with a virtual body. These data demonstrate that interoceptive and exteroceptive signals can be combined to modulate activity in parietal somatosensory cortex.
Pharmacological and genomic profiling of neurofibromatosis type 1 plexiform neurofibroma-derived schwann cells
Authors: Ferrer Marc , Gosline Sara J. C. , Stathis Marigo , Zhang Xiaohu , Guo Xindi , Guha Rajarshi , Ryman Dannielle A. , Wallace Margaret R. , Kasch-Semenza Laura , Hao Haiping , Ingersoll Roxann , Mohr David , Thomas Craig , Verma Sharad , Guinney Justin , Blakeley Jaishri O. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by peripheral nervous system tumors (PNSTs), including plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs) that cause nerve dysfunction, deformity, pain damage to adjacent structures, and can undergo malignant transformation. There are no effective therapies to prevent or treat pNFs. Drug discovery efforts are slowed by the ‘benign’ nature of the Schwann cells that are the progenitor cells of pNF. In this work we characterize a set of pNF-derived cell lines at the genomic level (via SNP Arrays, RNAseq, and Whole Exome- Sequencing), and carry out dose response-based quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) with a collection of 1,912 oncology-focused compounds in a 1536-well microplate cell proliferation assays. Through the characterization and screening of NF1−/−, NF1+/+ and NF1+/− Schwann cell lines, this resource introduces novel therapeutic avenues for the development for NF1 associated pNF as well as all solid tumors with NF1 somatic mutations. The integrated data sets are openly available for further analysis at http://www.synapse.org/pnfCellCulture.
Fabrication of microparabolic reflector for infrared antenna coupled detectors
Authors: Mubarak Mohamed H. , Sidek Othman , Abdel‐Rahman Mohamed R. , Mustaffa Mohamed Tafir , Mustapa Kamal Ahmed Shukri , Mukras Saad M. 
Published: June 2018

The fabrication process of a microparabolic reflector using isotropic xenon difluoride etching technique is presented and analysed through this work for developing infrared antenna‐coupled detectors. Although many parametric studies described the behaviour of this process in the literature, the non‐linearity of the process and its dramatic dependency on the pattern definition result in great difficulties when adopting the process for developing a particular structure. The main focus of this work is, therefore, to present a detailed etching analysis as dictated in the proposed design providing the proper etching recipe according to the proposed structure design and its associated masking pattern. Deep insights into the process have been highlighted suggesting the necessity of the process assessment in terms of evaluating the three‐dimensional etched volume rather than the etched depth. This will potentially solve the non‐linearity behaviour and the pattern dependency problem. The optimum etching recipe yields approximately a total volume of 0.354 mm3 through the proper patterning mask. The resultant parabolic cavities have and in their diameter and depth, respectively, as required for the proposed structure. The integration of a microparabolic reflector with such detectors will potentially enhance the specific detectivity of these detectors.
Die Bedeutung der intraoperativen optischen Kohärenztomografie (MI-OCT) bei der Behandlung von Hornhautdystrophien
Authors: Siebelmann Sebastian , Matthaei Mario , Heindl Ludwig , Bachmann Björn , Cursiefen Claus 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die chirurgische Behandlung von Hornhautdystrophien entwickelt sich mit zunehmender Anwendung von lamellären Techniken der Hornhauttransplantation rasant weiter. War vor einigen Jahren noch die penetrierende Keratoplastik der Goldstandard zur Therapie einer Vielzahl von Dystrophien, so können heutzutage selektiv die betroffenen Schichten der Hornhaut ersetzt oder mittels Lasertechnik abladiert werden. Einen besonderen Stellenwert nimmt für diese Verfahren die optische Kohärenztomografie ein, die neuerdings auch in Operationsmikroskope integriert sein kann (MI-OCT).
Methoden Literaturübersicht aus PubMed und Google.scholar.de ergänzt mit eigenen Bildgebungsdaten.
Ergebnisse Die MI-OCT ermöglicht das intraoperative Echtzeit-Monitoring unterschiedlicher ophthalmochirurgischer Prozeduren wie der tiefen, anterioren lamellären Keratoplastik, der Descemet-Membran-Endothel-Keratoplastik (DMEK), aber auch minimalinvasiver Verfahren wie der phototherapeutischen Keratektomie (PTK). Darüber hinaus ermöglicht sie eine Evaluation der Hornhaut wie auch der Vorderkammer, insbesondere in Situationen einer getrübten Hornhaut.
Schlussfolgerung Die mikroskopintegrierte intraoperative optische Kohärenztomografie (MI-OCT) stellt eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zum normalen Operationsmikroskop dar. Sie ist insbesondere bei bereits stark getrübten Hornhäuten dem alleinigen Operationsmikroskop überlegen und stellt gerade bei neuartigen lamellären Transplantationsverfahren eine sinnvolle Ergänzung dar. Randomisierte prospektive Studien sind nötig, um die erhöhte Sicherheit und gesteigerte Effektivität durch den Einsatz der MI-OCT bei verschiedenen Indikationen zu belegen.
Wissenschaftliches Schreiben
Authors: Bagusche Stefan , Karstens Sven 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Wer seine Forschungsergebnisse zu einem Fachzeitschriftenaufsatz zusammenfassen möchte, muss eine Reihe von Vorgaben zur inhaltlichen, formalen und stilistischen Gestaltung des Manuskripts beachten.
Ziel Der 3. Teil der Ratgeberserie zum wissenschaftlichen Schreiben stellt einige dieser Anforderungen und Regeln vor. Ihre Einhaltung soll sicherstellen, dass die Textinhalte leicht nachzuvollziehen und zu prüfen sind.
Methode Auf ausgewählte Literatur rückgreifend und ausgehend von einem normativen Modell werden zunächst die Möglichkeiten umrissen, den Basistext eines Fachartikels zu strukturieren und mit Inhalten zu füllen. Anschließend werden gängige Gestaltungsregeln für die Elemente des Paratextes wie Titel oder Abstract aufgelistet. Abgerundet wird die Ausführung mit Tipps zum Schreibstil und Erstellungsprozess.
Ergebnisse Die an Aufbau, Inhalt und Formulierung eines Manuskripts gestellten Anforderungen sind kein Selbstzweck, sondern lassen sich dem wissenschaftlichen Programm unterordnen, gemeinschaftlich wahre und gehaltvolle Aussagen über Ausschnitte der Wirklichkeit zu finden.
Schlussfolgerung Um die Chancen auf die Veröffentlichung eines Manuskripts zu erhöhen, gilt es, sich mit den von Seiten der Verlage und der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft für Fachtexte entwickelten und eingeführten Standards vertraut zu machen.
Psychological Symptoms and Well-Being After Treatment for Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Velema Marieke , Terlouw Jannie , de Nooijer Aline , Nijkamp Marjan , Jacobs Nele , Deinum Jaap 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is an increasingly identified cause of secondary hypertension. PA can be caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma or by bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, generally treated by adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, respectively. Recent studies suggest that PA is associated with more psychological symptoms and lower levels of well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between subtype of PA and psychological symptoms and well-being after specific treatment. We analyzed the outcomes of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form and the Symptom Checklist in 160 patients (mean age 57 years; 74.3% males) with PA, comparing the scores for psychological symptoms and well-being between both subtypes of PA. Additionally, we performed subgroup analyses based on gender, age, time since initiation of treatment, and co-morbidity. Moreover, we compared the results with published norm scores. Mean follow-up after adrenalectomy or start of medication was four years and two months. Depressive symptoms, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive thoughts and well-being did not differ between subtypes of PA. Subgroup analysis did not reveal any differences, except for women with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia who scored higher on the anxiety subscale than women after adrenalectomy. Compared to the general population, patients with treated PA reported more psychological symptoms. In contrast, well-being did not differ significantly from norm scores. Subtype and treatment of PA were no important determinants of psychological symptoms and well-being on the long-term. We suggest that physicians should be alert for psychological symptoms, as these were more frequently present in patients with PA.
A Risk Score Model for Evaluation and Management of Patients with Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Zhang Yongwen , Meng Fanrong , Hong Lianqing , Chu Lanfang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe study is aimed to establish a simplified and practical tool for analyzing thyroid nodules. A novel risk score model was designed, risk factors including patient history, patient characteristics, physical examination, symptoms of compression, thyroid function, ultrasonography (US) of thyroid and cervical lymph nodes were evaluated and classified into high risk factors, intermediate risk factors, and low risk factors. A total of 243 thyroid nodules in 162 patients were assessed with risk score system and Thyroid Imaging-Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). The diagnostic performance of risk score system and TI-RADS was compared. The accuracy in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules was 89.3% for risk score system, 74.9% for TI-RADS respectively. The specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value (PPV) of risk score system were significantly higher than the TI-RADS system (χ2=26.287, 17.151, 11.983; p <0.05), statistically significant differences were not observed in the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between the risk score system and TI-RADS (χ2=1.276, 0.290; p>0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for risk score diagnosis system was 0.963, standard error 0.014, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.934–0.991, the AUC for TI-RADS diagnosis system was 0.912 with standard error 0.021, 95% CI=0.871–0.953, the AUC for risk score system was significantly different from that of TI-RADS (Z=2.02; p <0.05). Risk score model is a reliable, simplified and cost-effective diagnostic tool used in diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The higher the score is, the higher the risk of malignancy will be.
In-vitro Equilibrium Phosphate Binding Study of Sevelamer Carbonate by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Prasaja Budi , Syabani M. , Sari Endah , Chilmi Uci , Cahyaningsih Prawitasari , Kosasih Theresia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSevelamer carbonate is a cross-linked polymeric amine; it is the active ingredient in Renvela® tablets. US FDA provides recommendation for demonstrating bioequivalence for the development of a generic product of sevelamer carbonte using in-vitro equilibrium binding study. A simple UV-vis spectrophotometry method was developed and validated for quantification of free phosphate to determine the binding parameter constant of sevelamer. The method validation demonstrated the specificity, limit of quantification, accuracy and precision of measurements. The validated method has been successfully used to analyze samples in in-vitro equilibrium binding study for demonstrating bioequivalence.
Endoscopic-Assisted Radial Forearm Free Flap Harvest: A Novel Technique to Reduce Donor Site Morbidity
Authors: Van Kouwenberg Emily , Yan Alan , Patel Ashit , McLaughlin Rick , Northrup Patricia , Cintron Melanie , Agag Richard 
Published: June 2018

Background The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) remains a workhorse flap but can have significant donor site morbidity. The authors developed a novel technique for endoscopic-assisted RFFF (ERFFF) harvest and hypothesized improved donor site morbidity.
Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted evaluating patients who underwent ERFFF or RFFF by a single surgeon for head and neck reconstruction between November 2011 and July 2016; outcomes and complications were compared. A telephone survey was conducted to assess patient satisfaction with donor site appearance and function.
Results Twenty-seven ERFFF and 13 RFFF harvests were performed. The cephalic vein was less commonly incorporated in ERFFF patients compared with RFFF patients (3.70 and 38.46%, respectively, p = 0.0095). ERFFF patients had lower rates of wound healing complications (0% vs. 15.38%, p = 0.10) and perfusion-related complications than RFFF patients (3.70% vs. 23.08%, p = 0.092). Fewer ERFFF patients reported a desire for a more normal appearance (42.86% vs. 71.43%, p = 0.361). The ERFFF group had a higher functional score (64.29% vs. 44.44%, p = 0.101), reporting lower rates of associated discomfort (35.71% vs. 85.71%, p = 0.063). None of the differences in rates of complications or patient-reported outcomes between the groups reached statistical significance.
Conclusion ERFFF is safe and effective alternative to RFFF, with similar operative time, similar pedicle safety, and elimination of the lengthy forearm incision. Unnecessary cephalic vein dissection can be avoided with endoscopic visualization of the venae comitantes. Further research with a larger sample size and better standardization is needed to assess effects on donor-site morbidity.
The Effect of Macroglobulins and their Dissociation Units on Release of Platelet Factor 3
Authors: Pachter M. R , Johnson S. A , Basinski D. H 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe effect of the macroglobulins on the release of platelet factor 3 has been reviewed (Fig. 3). It has been shown that dissociation units of native macro-globulins fail to exert any deleterious effect upon platelets. Evidence is presented to support the theory that molecular size is of paramount importance in preventing platelet factor 3 release.
The Part Played by Platelets in the Formation of an Efficient Hemostatic Plug
Authors: Roskam J , Hugues J , Bounameaux Y , Salmon J 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe arrest of bleeding from small arteries or veins depends on the formation of a hemostatic plug made of platelets. In spite of recent information on the conditions required for platelet adhesion to various foreign surfaces, little is known about the precise mechanism of platelet adhesion to the lips of the vessel wound. The effectiveness of the hemostatic plug is due to the viscous metamorphosis of the agglutinated platelets.
Aminosäuren in normalen menschlichen Thrombozyten
Authors: Gerok Wolfgang , Gross Rudolf 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDurch Eluationschromatographie an Ionenaustauschern wurden 6 AS-Gruppen und die Iminosäure Prolin in Thrombozyten quantitativ bestimmt. Der größte molare Anteil der AS entfällt auf die Gruppe der Monoaminodicarbon-säuren. Thrombozyten enthalten in hoher Konzentration Taurin.
Standardisierter Computer-basiert-organisierter Report des EEG (SCORE) – Eine strukturierende Form der EEG-Befundung
Authors: Schmitt F , Aurlien H , Brøgger J , Hirsch L , Schomer D , Trinka E , Pressler R , Wennberg R , Visser G , Eisermann M , Diehl B , Lesser R , Kaplan P , The Tich S , Lee J , Martins-da-Silva A , Stefan H , Neufeld M , Rubboli G , Fabricius M , Gardella E , Terney D , Meritam P , Eichele T , Asano E , Cox F , van Emde Boas W , Mameniskiene R , Marusic P , Zárubová J , Rosén I , Fuglsang-Frederiksen A , Ikeda A , MacDonald D , Terada K , Ugawa Y , Zhou D , Herman S , Beniczky S 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungEine 2013 von der „International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology“ gegründete Taskforce hat eine international konsensfähige EEG-Terminologie entwickelt. Im Folgenden soll das Resultat – die 2. Version des Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE) - vorgestellt werden. Die Terminologie wurde im Rahmen eines Softwarepaketes (SCORE-EEG) in der klinischen Praxis an über 12.000 EEGs getestet. Die Auswahl der Begriffe ist kontextabhängig: die initiale Auswahl bestimmt, welche weiteren Auswahlmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung stehen. Im Verlauf wird automatisch ein Befund erstellt und dessen Einzelmerkmale in eine Datenbank eingespeist. SCORE verfügt über Module spezifisch für die Befundung epileptischer Anfälle, sowie charakteristischer neonataler und intensivmedizinische EEG-Merkmale. SCORE ist nicht nur ein nützliches Werkzeug im ambulanten, klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Setting, es erleichtert auch Qualitätssicherung, Datenaustausch und die EEG-Aus und Weiterbildung.