bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Жилищная прекарность: факторы, дискурсы и зарубежный опыт измерения
Authors: Литвинцев Денис 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема жилищной прекарности – явления, которое становится все более актуальным в условиях экономической и социальной нестабильности. В отличие от большинства российских исследований, сосредоточенных на прекарной занятости, данная работа акцентирует внимание на прекарности жилищных условий различных социальных групп. Молодые специалисты, пожилые люди, мигранты и переселенцы часто сталкиваются с временным или нестабильным жильем, что препятствует их социальной мобильности и усиливает их уязвимость. Одним из ключевых аспектов данного обзора является рассмотрение двой­ной прекарности ‒ риска одновременной потери жилья и работы, что особенно актуально для групп, живущих в служебных или временных жилищах. В статье рассматриваются различные подходы к жилищной прекарности в международной практике. На примерах Европы, США и Австралии демонстрируется использование индексов, таких как индекс прекарности жилья (HPI), модель риска прекарности жилья (HPRM), индекс прекарности окрестностей и городского жилья (PINCH), а также индекс работы по соседству и жилищной прекарности (NEHP). Эти инструменты позволяют количественно оценить жилищную нестабильность и выделить регионы, нуждающиеся в приоритетной поддержке. Особое внимание уделяется многофакторности прекарности жилья, которая не ограничивается только характеристиками самого жилья, но также включает влияние природно-­климатических, экономических, политических и социальных факторов. Автор подчеркивает важность разработки аналогичного индекса для России, который учитывал бы национальную специфику и существующие данные. Это позволило бы значительно укрепить доказательную базу социальной политики, направленной на улучшение жилищных условий и борьбу с бездомностью. В статье акцентируется внимание на необходимости глубокого анализа институциальных факторов, влияющих на жилищную нестабильность, и демонстрируется, как государственные программы и рынок могут способствовать формированию так называемой «домашней культуры прекарности», проявляющейся в таких формах, как коливинги.
Lifecycle of an Isolated Seismic Swarm in Continental Southern Norway from Nucleation, Acceleration, and Yielding to the Demise of Fault Slip
Authors: Halpaap Felix , Ottemöller Lars , Shiddiqi Hasbi Ash , Rondenay Stéphane 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
An intraplate earthquake swarm started near the Bitdal valley in the seismically inactive mountains of Southern Norway in summer 2020 and continued for more than two years. We detected 1600 earthquakes through template matching and obtained high-resolution relative magnitudes and locations for the events to resolve the swarm’s spatiotemporal evolution and tectonic implications. The detection results reveal that no earthquakes occurred at the swarm site for at least 22 yr prior to the current activity. In July 2020, six months before the swarm’s initially recognized onset, weak precursory events appeared. Hypocenter relocation shows that the swarm develops along a single 1.5 km patch on a northwest–southeast-striking fault with oblique-normal sense containing a left-lateral component. The seismicity follows a dual-velocity migration for which the slow, general migration reverses sense twice, and 30 short bursts show internal migration both with and against the general migration direction. Changes in the distribution of events let us divide the swarm into four phases: precursory activity, accelerating growth, main slip, and slow decline. The observed seismicity bursts, pauses, and dual migration velocities are consistent with a rupture-driven mechanism for which slip initiates spontaneously and keeps going in slow and quick failure cascades due to stress transfer and slip weakening.
possibilidade de outros saberes
Authors: Fernandes Maria Luiza , Fonseca André Augusto da 
Published: October 2024

O propósito desse artigo é apresentar parte de uma pesquisa maior, ainda em andamento, sobre o cumprimento da Lei 11.645/08. O recorte definido aqui é apresentar os resultados de um levantamento da produção acadêmica sobre a temática indígena nas aulas de história da educação básica, a partir de pesquisas realizadas em todas as regiões do Brasil e apresentadas em dissertações, livros e artigos. Partimos da hipótese de que muito pouco foi alterado efetivamente no chão da escola a partir da lei, sendo diversos os motivos apontados para a ausência de mudança. Entre os motivos apresentados pelos professores sobre a não mudança de atitude, destacam-se deficiências na formação inicial e continuada para trabalhar a temática e a falta de material didático para subsidiar as aulas. No entanto, a questão central que apresentamos é que muitos docentes não atribuem relevância ao tema. Desse modo, evidencia-se a necessidade de descolonizar os currículos, ainda voltados a uma proposta eurocêntrica e distante da realidade e das necessidades atuais. Contudo, os resultados das produções apontam a possibilidade de alguns avanços, com experiências e propostas a serem implementadas.
Targeting the FOXA1/BMI1 Axis to Overcome Chemoresistance and Suppress Tumor Progression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Shengjun , Qin Yaping , Yang Mingqing , Cao Yunzhu , Fu Yue , Yang Fan , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly aggressive head and neck cancer characterized by a complex etiology and a propensity for metastasis. The current study explores the intricate relationship between Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) and B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI1) in the cancer progression and chemoresistance of NPC. Our research identified a significant downregulation of FOXA1 in NPC tissues and cell lines, which correlates with advanced clinical stages and poor differentiation, underscoring its potential role as a tumor suppressor. Functional assays demonstrated that the silencing of FOXA1 significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasive capabilities of NPC cells in vitro. Furthermore, the deficiency of FOXA1 was associated with a diminished sensitivity to cisplatin, as evidenced by increased cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and impaired cell cycle arrest upon drug exposure. Mechanistic studies revealed BMI1 as a critical downstream target of FOXA1. We observed a negative correlation between the expression levels of FOXA1 and BMI1 in NPC tissues. FOXA1 was shown to bind directly to the BMI1 promoter, effectively dampening its transcriptional activity. Rescue experiments indicated that the downregulation of BMI1 could partially reverse the malignant phenotypes induced by FOXA1 silencing, both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, the knockdown of BMI1 significantly increased the chemosensitivity of FOXA1-depleted NPC cells to cisplatin, effectively counteracting the drug resistance associated with FOXA1 suppression. These findings highlight the pivotal role of FOXA1 in NPC development and progression and suggest that its loss leads to the upregulation of BMI1 and the acquisition of cisplatin resistance. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the malignancy and chemoresistance of NPC and proposes that targeting the FOXA1/BMI1 axis could offer a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of this devastating disease.
Genomic and physiological signatures of adaptation in pathogenic fungi
Authors: Guerreiro Marco Alexandre , Yurkov Andrey , Nowrousian Minou , Broders Kirk , Stukenbrock Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Emerging fungal pathogens have detrimental impacts on crops, animals, and humans. Despite the mounting threat of these emerging fungal pathogens, little is known about their transition from saprotrophic to pathogenic lifestyles. To gain insights into fungal lifestyle transitions, we studied the Trichosporonales order, which includes both saprotrophic species and opportunistic human pathogens, as a system to reveal evolutionary adaptations leading to virulence in fungi. Here we used comparative genome analyses and experimental assays to demonstrate that the transition from saprotroph to opportunistic human pathogen is facilitated by adaptive translation. Codon optimization of metabolic genes grant these fungi the ability to quickly adapt to new environments. Our findings link genomic data with fungal physiology and ecology, highlighting the role of adaptive translation in colonizing different environments and suggesting that gene translation optimization plays a critical role in fungal lifestyle evolution.
STAAR Lipids: A Novel Ionizable Lipid Synthetic Platform for Efficient mRNA Delivery In Vivo with Tunable Lung Targeting
Authors: Giménez-Warren Javier , Peña Álvaro , Heredero Juan , Mata Elena , Blandín Beatriz , de Miguel Diego , Toro Alfonso , Alejo Teresa , Casabona Diego , López Alexandre , Gallego-Lleyda Ana , Pérez-Herrán Esther , Martínez-Oliván Juan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Ionizable lipids are an essential component of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for an efficient mRNA delivery. However, optimizing their chemical structures for high protein expression, efficient endosomal escape, and selective organ targeting remains challenging due to complex structure-activity relationships and multistep synthesis. In this study, we introduce a rapid, high-throughput platform for screening ionizable lipids using a two-step, scalable synthesis involving a one-pot 3-component click-like reaction. This method, herein known as the STAAR approach, standing for Sequential Thiolactone Amine Acrylate Reaction, allowed for the combinatorial synthesis and in vivo screening of 91 novel lipids, followed by a structure-activity study. This led to the development of CP-LC-0729, an ionizable lipid that significantly surpasses the benchmark in protein expression while showing no in vivo toxicity. Additionally, the STAAR lipid platform was further validated by incorporating a one-step strategy to yield a permanently cationic lipid which was tested following a fifth-lipid formulation strategy. The in vivo results showed a highly selective lung delivery with a 32-fold increase in protein expression, outperforming current endogenous targeting strategies. All these findings underscore the potential of lipid CP-LC-0729 and the STAAR lipid platform in advancing the efficiency and specificity of mRNA delivery systems, while also advancing the development of new ionizable lipids.
Adverse roles of citric acid and L-histidine in the transition metal-dependent generation of hydroxyl radical at circumneutral pH
Authors: Kurokawa Yoichi , Matsuzawa Atsushi , Ogawa Hirotaka , Hirata Yusuke , Noguchi Takuya , Kawashima Hiroki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Through the present work, we have examined the possible role of L-histidine and citrate in the regulation of iron (II) ion-induced generation of hydroxyl radical (OH*), the most detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS), via Fenton reaction. We observed that the presence of metal chelators (such as EDTA or citric acid) was necessary for the iron ion-dependent generation of OH*, when assessed with 3-coumarin carboxylic acid (3-CCA) as a probe specific for the radical. We also found that citrate acid as well as EDTA promoted the iron ion-dependent generation of the radical on a dose-dependent manner when they repressed the copper ion-dependent generation of the radical. In contrast, L-histidine promoted the copper ion-dependent generation of the radical at less than equimolar to the ion and repressed it at more than equimolar, whereas L-histidine hardly promoted the iron ion-dependent generation of the radical. Finally, we found that EDTA and citric acid promoted the iron and hydrogen peroxide-induced degradation of bovine serum albumin and repressed the copper and hydrogen peroxide-induced degradation of the protein, suggesting that the contrasting roles of EDTA and citric acid in promoting and repressing the generation of hydroxyl radical, depending on iron ion and copper ion, respectively.
RECIP 1.0 + PSA for response assessment in mCRPC patients treated with 225Ac / 177Lu PSMA combination therapy
Authors: Sheikh Gabriel T. , Delker Astrid , Zacherl Mathias J. , Holzgreve Adrien , Fouladgar Sarah L. Takayama , Unterrainer Marcus , Rübenthaler Johannes , Casuscelli Jozefina , Gafita Andrei , Unterrainer Lena M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) with 225Ac has shown promising results in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients pre-treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). A combination treatment regimen adding 177Lu to decreased 225Ac activities may improve toxicity profile while maintaining sufficient anti-tumor effect. We therefore evaluated clinical and image-based response parameters in patients treated with 225Ac-/177Lu-PSMA combination therapies (ALCT).
Results:
Complete response (RECIP-CR), partial response (RECIP-PR), stable disease (RECIP-SD), progressive disease (RECIP-PD) according to RECIP 1.0 was observed in 0/25 (0%), 12/25 (48%), 9/25 (36%) and 4/25 (16%) patients, respectively. Response by RECIP+PSA was observed in 14/25 (56%) patients and progression by RECIP+PSA in 8/25 (32%) patients. Interrater reliability for visual RECIP was substantial (κ=0.757, p<0.001), while agreement between visual and quantitative RECIP was almost fully congruent (κ=0.879, p<0.001). OS did not significantly vary among the four different therapy regimens (p>0.05). When grouping patients with declining / stable PSA as responders, these patients showed no significant difference in overall survival compared to patients with progressive PSA after ALCT (p =0.312). Similarly, there was no significant difference in median overall survival between patients without RECIP-progression (RECIP-PR + RECIP-SD) and patients with RECIP-progression (RECIP-PD) (p>0.05), but when applying the composite classification, RECIP+PSA responders survived significantly longer compared to patients with RECIP+PSA progression (p=0.049).
Conclusions: ALCT is a promising therapeutic regimen that may prolong survival in patients who progress during [177Lu]Lu-PSMA RLT. Our results motivate to further investigate the use of RECIP+PSA as tool for response assessment and for overall survival prediction in mCRPC under ALCT.
WITHDRAWN: Bridging Stochastic Gradient Descent and Markov Chains: Constant Step-Size Convergence and Richardson-Romberg Extrapolation
Authors: Li Chris Junchi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

28 October, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint due to extensive overlap with the [published work](https://projecteuclid.org/journals/annals-of-statistics/volume-48/issue-3/Bridging-the-gap-between-constant-step-size-stochastic-gradient-descent/10.1214/19-AOS1850.full) of another researcher.
Does massive irrigation reduce the risk of intra-abdominal abscess after laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis?
Authors: Tsuzaka Shoichi , Takezoe Toshiko , Tsutsuno Takashi , Ogawa Shoko , Kondo Yasuhiro , Deie Kyoichi , Naya Itsuki , Mizuta Koichi , Kawashima Hiroshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to determine if massive intra-abdominal irrigation reduced the risk of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess (PO-IAA) after laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) for perforated appendicitis in pediatric patients.
Methods
A case-control study was conducted at Saitama Prefectural Children’s Medical Center from January 2014 to December 2023. Sixty-nine pediatric patients with perforated appendicitis who underwent LA were included. Patients were divided into PO-IAA and PO-IAA-free groups. We compared the irrigation volume (IV), ratio of IV to body weight (IV/BW), and ratio of IV to body surface area (IV/BSA) between the two groups. Statistical analyses were performed to identify significant differences and optimal cutoff values.
Results
The PO-IAA-free group had a significantly higher IV (median 8000 mL vs. 6000 mL, p= 0.014), IV/BW (270.9 mL/kg vs. 159.2 mL/kg, p = 0.009), and IV/BSA (7500.6 mL/m² vs. 4890.6 mL/m², p = 0.008) than the PO-IAA group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified cutoff values of 6000 mL for IV, 234.6 mL/kg for IV/BW, and 6352.2 mL/m² for IV/BSA.
Conclusion
Massive intra-abdominal irrigation during LA for perforated appendicitis in children may be effective in preventing PO-IAA.
Assessment of Apparent diffusion coefficient and perfusion values of the placenta in intrauterine growth restriction by using 3Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in an Indian population: A pilot study
Authors: Sekhar Priyanka Chandra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is an estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age, often linked to placental insufficiency and abnormal fetoplacental oxygenation. IUGR affects approximately 24% of newborns globally, with a significant incidence in Asia. IUGR is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. While sonography is commonly used, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers a radiation-free alternative that provides detailed morphological and functional insights into the placenta. This study aims to assess the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and perfusion values of the placenta in IUGR cases using 3T MRI. A prospective case-control study was conducted between April 2020 and March 2023, involving 60 pregnant women (30 with IUGR and 30 controls) with gestational ages ranging from 20 to 38 weeks. The study utilised a 3T MRI scanner to obtain T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) sequences to measure placental perfusion. ADC and perfusion values were extracted and analysed using statistical methods to compare the IUGR and control groups.Significant differences were observed between the IUGR and control groups. The mean ADC value in IUGR cases was significantly lower (1.83 ± 0.103 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) compared to controls (2.02 ± 0.101 × 10⁻³ mm²/s), with a P-value of 0.001. Similarly, the mean perfusion value in IUGR cases (102.5 ± 18.7 ml/100g/min) was significantly lower than in controls (120.2 ± 23.7 ml/100g/min), with a P-value of 0.002. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.919 for ADC and 0.703 for perfusion, indicating the diagnostic potential of these parameters. This pilot study highlights significant reductions in ADC and perfusion values of the placenta in IUGR cases compared to controls, using 3T MRI. The findings suggest that 3T MRI could serve as an effective tool for early detection and management of IUGR, potentially improving perinatal outcomes. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these results.
Optimizing the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Through Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Wastewater Sludge
Authors: Mojapelo Kobe Samuel , Kupolati Williams Kehinde , Burger Everardt Andre , Ndambuki Julius Musyoka , Sadiku Emmanuel Rotimi , Ibrahim Idowu David 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the potential of using wastewater sludge (WWS) as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete to optimize its mechanical properties, while mitigating environmental impacts. Wastewater sludge from three wastewater treatment plants in Polokwane, South Africa was used to replace sand at: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% by weight. The leaching of heavy metals, including calcium, silicon, aluminium, iron, and phosphorus, was evaluated by using a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) on samples submerged in iodine water for 28, 90, and 140 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were employed to characterize the organic compositions of the sludge and sludge-based concrete. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of wastewater sludge significantly, reduced leachable heavy metals, with concentrations remaining within acceptable limits. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed a substantial decrease in the metal content of the sludge-based concrete when compared with that of the original wastewater sludge. The surface morphology of the sludge-based concrete exhibited heterogeneous, crystalline, and rocky features, in contrast to the spongy and porous morphology of the sludge. Compressive strength tests showed that by replacing up to 5% of sand with wastewater sludge, maintained the required compressive strength of 25 MPa after 90 days of curing. These findings suggest that the partial replacement of fine aggregates with wastewater sludge in concrete can mitigate environmental pollution, while potentially optimizing the mechanical properties of the resulting material, thereby contributing to sustainable construction practices.
YOLO-Gum: a lightweight target detection model for gummosis on tree branches in smart agriculture
Authors: Zhang Pingchuan , Ma Zeze , Yang Ying , Zhang Caihong , Li Shan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Gummosis, a common disease among stone fruits such as peach, plum, and apricot trees, primarily affects the trunks and major branches. Peach trees stand as one of the frequently targeted species for this disease. To address the issues of the inability to observe high branch and trunk lesions directly, as well as the complex morphological features and low differentiation, a lightweight detection model, YOLO-Gum, has been proposed. The objective of this model is to provide an accurate basis for the prevention and scientific management of peach gummosis. Firstly, the SENetV2 module was integrated into the original YOLOv8 backbone network, replacing some of the original convolutional layers to enhance the model’s representative capability. Secondly, the CCFM structure was introduced into the neck structure to integrate detailed features and contextual information, reducing the number of parameters and improving computational efficiency. The fusion of CCFM and SENetV2 structures maintains the lightweight nature of the model while optimizing feature extraction to enhance detection accuracy. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv8n model attains a precision of 92.5% and an F1 score of 74.3%. Compared to the original YOLOv8n model, there are improvements of 5.3% and 6.2% respectively. Furthermore, the parameters of the improved model are 2.79 M, the model size is 5.57 MB, and the FLOPs are 7.6 G, which are reduced by 12.54%, 35.4%, and 12.64%, respectively, in comparison with the original YOLOv8n model. Therefore, this model, being lightweight, precise, and robust, offers technical support for peach tree growth management and robotic vision systems for disease detection.