bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Evolution of Renal Impairment in People Living With HIV in Rural Tanzania
Authors: Mapesi Herry , Kalinjuma Aneth V , Ngerecha Alphonce , Franzeck Fabian , Hatz Christoph , Tanner Marcel , Mayr Michael , Furrer Hansjakob , Battegay Manuel , Letang Emilio , Weisser Maja , Glass Tracy R ,   KIULARCO Study Group, Asantiel Aschola , Bani Farida , Battegay Manuel , Chale Adolphina , Felger Ingrid , Francis Gideon , Furrer Hansjakob , Gamell Anna , Glass Tracy R , Hatz Christoph , Hwaya Speciosa , Kalinjuma Aneth V , Kasuga Bryson , Katende Andrew , Kimera Namvua , Kisunga Yassin , Klimkait Thomas , Letang Emilio , Luoga Ezekiel , Luwanda Lameck B , Mapesi Herry , Mbwauy Stewart , Mkulila Mengi , Mkumbo Julius , Mkusa Margareth , Mnzava Dorcas K , Mollel Getrud Joseph , Moshi Lilian , Mossad Germana , Mpundunga Dolores , Masawa Ngisi , Mtandanguo Athumani , Myeya Selerine , Nahota Sanula , Ndaki Regina , Ndege Robert C , Ngulukila Agatha , Ntamatungiro Alex John , Nyuri Amina , Paris Daniel , Samson Leila , Sikalengo George , Utzinger Juerg , Tanner Marcel , Vanobberghen Fiona , Wigay John , Weisser Maja 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
We assessed the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of renal impairment among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in rural Tanzania.

Methods
In a cohort of PLWHIV aged ≥15 years enrolled from January 2013 to June 2016, we assessed the association between renal impairment (estimated glomerural filtration rate &lt; 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) at enrollment and during follow-up with demographic and clinical characteristcis using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Of 1093 PLWHIV, 172 (15.7%) had renal impairment at enrollment. Of 921 patients with normal renal function at baseline, 117 (12.7%) developed renal impairment during a median follow-up (interquartile range) of 6.2 (0.4–14.7) months. The incidence of renal impairment was 110 cases per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 92–132). At enrollment, logistic regression identified older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.79; 95% CI, 1.52–2.11), hypertension (aOR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.08–3.15), CD4 count &lt;200 cells/mm3 (aOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.23–2.65), and World Health Organization (WHO) stage III/IV (aOR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.96–4.58) as risk factors for renal impairment. Cox regression model confirmed older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.56–2.20) and CD4 count &lt;200 cells/mm3 (aHR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.36–3.09) to be associated with the development of renal impairment.

Conclusions
Our study found a low prevalence of renal impairment among PLWHIV despite high usage of tenofovir and its association with age, hypertension, low CD4 count, and advanced WHO stage. These important and reassuring safety data stress the significance of noncommunicable disease surveillance in aging HIV populations in sub-Saharan Africa.
Developments of a multi-wavelength spectro-polarimeter on the Domeless Solar Telescope at Hida Observatory
Authors: Anan Tetsu , Huang Yu-Wei , Nakatani Yoshikazu , Ichimoto Kiyoshi , UeNo Satoru , Kimura Goichi , Ninomiya Shota , Okada Sanetaka , Kaneda Naoki 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
To obtain full Stokes spectra in multi-wavelength windows simultaneously, we developed a new spectro-polarimeter on the Domeless Solar Telescope at Hida Observatory. The new polarimeter consists of a 60 cm aperture vacuum telescope on an altazimuth mounting, an image rotator, a high-dispersion spectrograph, and a polarization modulator and an analyzer composed of a continuously rotating waveplate with a retardation that is nearly constant at around 127° in 500–1100 nm. There are also a polarizing beam splitter located close behind the focus of the telescope, fast and large format CMOS cameras, and an infrared camera. A slit spectrograph allows us to obtain spectra in as many wavelength windows as the number of cameras. We characterized the instrumental polarization of the entire system and established a polarization calibration procedure. The cross-talks among the Stokes Q, U, and V have been evaluated to be about 0.06%–1.2%, depending on the degree of the intrinsic polarizations. In a typical observing setup, a sensitivity of 0.03% can be achieved in 20–60 seconds for 500–1100 nm. The new polarimeter is expected to provide a powerful tool for diagnosing the 3D magnetic field and other vector physical quantities in the solar atmosphere.
Searches for H2O masers toward narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Authors: Hagiwara Yoshiaki , Doi Akihiro , Hachisuka Kazuya , Horiuchi Shinji 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe present searches for 22 GHz H2O masers toward 36 narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s), selected from known NLS1s with $v$sys ≲ 41000 km s−1. Out of the 36 NLS1s in our sample, 11 have been first surveyed in our observations, while the observations of other NLS1s were previously reported in literature. In our survey, no new water maser source from NLS1s was detected at the 3σ rms level of 8.4 mJy to 144 mJy, which depends on different observing conditions or inhomogeneous sensitivities of each observation using three different telescopes. It is likely that the non-detection of new masers in our NLS1 sample is primarily due to insufficient sensitivities of our observations. Including the five known NLS1 masers, the total detection rate of the H2O maser in NLS1s is not remarkably different from that of type 2 Seyfert galaxies or LINERs. However, more extensive and systematic searches of NLS1 would be required for a statistical discussion of the detection rate of the NLS1 maser, compared with that of type 2 Seyferts or LINERs.
Tinnitus, Depression, Anxiety, and Suicide in Recent Veterans: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Martz Erin , Jelleberg Chennettée , Dougherty Deborah D. , Wolters Charles , Schneiderman Aaron 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:
The purpose of this project was to investigate whether there is an association between tinnitus diagnosis and suicide and whether depression and anxiety strengthen that association. Given that tinnitus is the top service–connected disability among U.S. Veterans (Veterans Benefits Administration, 2016) and that suicide among Veterans has been occurring at a higher frequency as compared with community suicide rates (Hoffmire et al., 2015), the possible associations between tinnitus and suicide will be explored. Co-occurring physical conditions also will be examined to determine if they increase the risk of suicide in the context of tinnitus.

Design:
Administrative health care data related to Operations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) were used to identify Veterans who accessed the Veterans Administration (VA) health care system from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2011. Veterans who were deceased as of December 2011 were identified using the National Death Index (NDI) files. Tinnitus cases were followed until either they were deceased or to the end of the study period. The International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes were used to identify all conditions and diseases. As per mortality research standards, International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes were used to identify cause of death.

Results:
Of 769,934 OEF/OIF/OND Veterans receiving VA care January 2002 to December 2011, 15% (n =116,358) were diagnosed with tinnitus. Of these Veterans diagnosed with tinnitus, 21% were also diagnosed with depression, another 8% with anxiety, and another 17% with both depression and anxiety. Fifty-four percentage were identified as having tinnitus without depression or anxiety. Among individuals with tinnitus, 41.9% had co-occurring hearing loss. Suicide rates were lower among Veterans with tinnitus than Veterans without tinnitus. Co-occurring diagnoses of mental-health conditions did not significantly increase the risk of suicide.

Conclusions:
The study results do not confirm clinical and anecdotal reports that tinnitus could be related to suicide among Veterans. However, tenets from rehabilitation psychology suggest that the onset of chronic impairment or disability does not predict an individual’s subsequent psychological states; other personal attributes may be more influential. Health care professionals, such as audiologists and psychologists, should be cognizant of the associations between tinnitus and mental health issues and be prepared to address the psychological needs of individuals who have tinnitus.
Comparisons of IQ in Children With and Without Cochlear Implants: Longitudinal Findings and Associations With Language
Authors: Cejas Ivette , Mitchell Christine M. , Hoffman Michael , Quittner Alexandra L. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:
To make longitudinal comparisons of intelligence quotient (IQ) in children with cochlear implants (CIs) and typical hearing peers from early in development to the school-age period. Children with additional comorbidities and CIs were also evaluated. To estimate the impact of socioeconomic status and oral language on school-age cognitive performance.

Design:
This longitudinal study evaluated nonverbal IQ in a multicenter, national sample of 147 children with CIs and 75 typically hearing peers. IQ was evaluated at baseline, prior to cochlear implantation, using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and the Leiter International Performance Scale. School-age IQ was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children. For the current study, only the Perceptual Reasoning and Processing Speed indices were administered. Oral language was evaluated using the Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language.

Results:
Children in the CI group scored within the normal range of intelligence at both time points. However, children with additional comorbidities scored significantly worse on the Processing Speed, but not the Perceptual Reasoning Index. Maternal education and language were significantly related to school-age IQ in both groups. Importantly, language was the strongest predictor of intellectual functioning in both children with CIs and normal hearing.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that children using cochlear implants perform similarly to hearing peers on measures of intelligence, but those with severe comorbidities are at-risk for cognitive deficits. Despite the strong link between socioeconomic status and intelligence, this association was no longer significant once spoken language performance was accounted for. These results reveal the important contributions that early intervention programs, which emphasize language and parent training, contribute to cognitive functioning in school-age children with CIs. For families from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, who are at-risk for suboptimal outcomes, these early intervention programs are critical to improve overall functioning.
Laparoscopic Assessment to Determine the Likelihood of Achieving Optimal Cytoreduction in Patients Undergoing Primary Debulking Surgery for Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer
Authors: Andikyan Vaagn , Kim Annie , Gretz Herbert F. , Zakashansky Konstantin , Prasad-Hayes Monica , Beddoe Ann-Marie , Dottino Peter , Mandeli John , Chuang Linus 
Published: April 2018

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic assessment to determine the likelihood of achieving optimal cytoreduction (OC) in patients undergoing primary debulking surgery (PDS) for ovarian cancer.

Methods:
All patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and PDS at our institution from January 2008 to December 2013 were identified. We determined the likelihood of achieving optimal cytoreduction by laparoscopic assessment based on tumor site, pattern of spread, and disease burden. Sensitivity was defined as the number of patients who achieved optimal cytoreduction after laparoscopic assessment divided by the number of patients with disease deemed resectable by laparoscopy.

Results:
We identified 55 patients during study period. Twenty-one of the 55 patients (38%) were early stage disease. Six (10.9%) patients had disease deemed unresectable and 49 (89.1%) had disease deemed resectable at the time of laparoscopy. OC was achieved in 48 of 49 (97.9%) patients. The sensitivity of laparoscopy in predicting OC was 98% (95% confidence interval, 89.3%-99.9%). The operation was completed laparoscopically in 23 of 49 patients (47%); in 26 of 49 (53%), PDS was performed by laparotomy. There were no port site metastases reported. The rate of postoperative complications was 16%. With a median follow-up of 30 months, the median overall survival was not reached and the 75th percentile for overall survival was 37 months.

Conclusions:
Laparoscopy was shown to have a high sensitivity in predicting OC and is a feasible tool in triaging patients with ovarian cancer. Laparoscopy is not associated with adverse surgical outcomes.
Phase II Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Transanal Endoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Park Sung Chan , Sohn Dae Kyung , Kim Min Jung , Chang Hee Jin , Han Kyung Su , Hyun Jong Hee , Joo Jungnam , Oh Jae Hwan 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Total mesorectal excision has become the standard treatment for rectal cancer, and several investigators have shown that a transanal approach is a feasible option.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transanal endoscopic total mesorectal excision in patients with rectal cancer.

DESIGN:
This study was a prospective, single-arm phase II trial. It was registered on clinicaltrials.gov under identifier NCT02406118.

SETTINGS:
Inpatients at a hospital specializing in oncology were selected.

PATIENTS:
This prospective study enrolled 49 patients with rectal cancer located 3 to 12 cm from the anal verge who were scheduled to undergo radical surgery.

INTERVENTIONS:
Laparoscopy-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision was performed.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The primary end point was total mesorectal excision quality and circumferential resection margin. Secondary end points included the number of harvested lymph nodes, operation time, and 30-day postoperative complications.

RESULTS:
From March 2015 to April 2016, 32 men and 17 women with rectal cancer were enrolled. The mean age was 61.2 years, and mean BMI was 23.3 kg/m2. The mean operating time was 158 minutes, and the mean estimated blood loss was 89.3 mL. There were no intraoperative complications and no conversions to open surgery. Successful treatment based on total mesorectal excision quality and circumferential resection margin was achieved in 45 patients (91.8%). Fifteen patients (30.6%) had 30-day postoperative complications, including 7 (14.3%) with anastomotic dehiscence, 5 (10.2%) with urinary retention, 2 (4.1%) with abdominal wound complications, and 1 (2.0%) with ileus. There was no postoperative mortality.

LIMITATIONS:
This was a noncomparative single-arm trial conducted at a single institution.

CONCLUSIONS:
Transanal endoscopic total mesorectal excision showed acceptable results based on perioperative and short-term oncologic outcomes. Further investigations are necessary to show the benefits and long-term outcomes of this procedure. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A563.
Associations Between Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide and Daily Cause-specific Mortality
Authors: Chen Renjie , Yin Peng , Meng Xia , Wang Lijun , Liu Cong , Niu Yue , Lin Zhijing , Liu Yunning , Liu Jiangmei , Qi Jinlei , You Jinling , Kan Haidong , Zhou Maigeng 
Published: April 2018

Background:
There has been a long history of debate regarding whether ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) directly affects human health.

Methods:
We conducted a nationwide time-series analysis in 272 major Chinese cities (2013–2015) to evaluate the associations between short-term exposure to NO2 and cause-specific mortality. We used the overdispersed generalized linear model together with the Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the associations between NO2 and mortality at the national and regional levels. We examined two-pollutant models with adjustment of fine particles, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone to evaluate robustness for the effects of NO2.

Results:
At the national-average level, we observed linear and positive associations between NO2 and mortality from all causes and main cardiorespiratory diseases. A 10 μg/m3 increase in 2-day average concentrations of NO2 would lead to increments of 0.9% (95% posterial interval [PI], 0.7%, 1.1%) in mortality from total nonaccidental causes, 0.9% (95% PI, 0.7%, 1.2%) from total cardiovascular disease, 1.4% (95% PI, 0.8%, 2.0%) from hypertension, 0.9% (95% PI, 0.6%, 1.2%) from coronary heart disease, 0.9% (95% PI, 0.5%, 1.2%) from stroke, 1.2% (95% PI, 0.9%, 1.5%) from total respiratory diseases, and 1.6% (95% PI, 1.1%, 2.0%) from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There were no appreciable differences in estimates from single-pollutant and two-pollutant models. The associations were stronger in the south of China, in the elderly, and in females.

Conclusions:
The present study provided robust epidemiologic evidence of associations between day-to-day NO2 and mortality from total natural causes and main cardiorespiratory diseases that might be independent of other criteria air pollutants.
Using Search Engine Data as a Tool to Predict Syphilis
Authors: Young Sean D. , Torrone Elizabeth A. , Urata John , Aral Sevgi O. 
Published: April 2018

Background:Researchers have suggested that social media and online search data might be used to monitor and predict syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases. Because people at risk for syphilis might seek sexual health and risk-related information on the internet, we investigated associations between internet state-level search query data (e.g., Google Trends) and reported weekly syphilis cases.Methods:We obtained weekly counts of reported primary and secondary syphilis for 50 states from 2012 to 2014 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We collected weekly internet search query data regarding 25 risk-related keywords from 2012 to 2014 for 50 states using Google Trends. We joined 155 weeks of Google Trends data with 1-week lag to weekly syphilis data for a total of 7750 data points. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, we trained three linear mixed models on the first 10 weeks of each year. We validated models for 2012 and 2014 for the following 52 weeks and the 2014 model for the following 42 weeks.Results:The models, consisting of different sets of keyword predictors for each year, accurately predicted 144 weeks of primary and secondary syphilis counts for each state, with an overall averageR2of 0.9 and overall average root mean squared error of 4.9.Conclusions:We used Google Trends search data from the prior week to predict cases of syphilis in the following weeks for each state. Further research could explore how search data could be integrated into public health monitoring systems.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Methotrexate in Plasma Using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization–Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Necessary After Administration of Glucarpidase in Methotrexate Intoxications
Authors: Mulder Midas B. , Huisman Ruud , Engels Frederike K. , van der Sluis Inge M. , Koch Birgit C. P. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract:
High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is used to treat a variety of cancers. In all patients receiving HD-MTX, plasma MTX levels are monitored mainly to anticipate rescue therapy to prevent adverse events. We present 2 children treated with HD-MTX and afterward treated with glucarpidase at different time-points after their HD-MTX infusions. After the administration of glucarpidase, a nontoxic metabolite of MTX cross-reacts with MTX in the standard immunoassay (Abbott Diagnostics, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands) resulting in an artificially elevated MTX level. An artificially elevated MTX level results in unnecessarily long folinic acid administration, which decreases the effectivity of MTX. This grand round highlights the importance of measuring plasma MTX levels after the administration of glucarpidase with an ultra high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry method instead of with an immunoassay.
Development and Validation of an Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Concurrent Measurement of Gabapentin, Lamotrigine, Levetiracetam, Monohydroxy Derivative of Oxcarbazepine, and Zonisamide Concentrations in Serum in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Palte Michael J. , Basu Sankha S. , Dahlin Jameson L. , Gencheva Ralitsa , Mason Donald , Jarolim Petr , Petrides Athena K. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is often necessary to prevent associated destructive toxicities. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with stable-isotope–labeled internal standards is considered the gold standard for the measurement of AEDs. This study presents the development and validation of a clinical ultra-performance liquid chromatography–MS/MS method for the concurrent measurement of gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, monohydroxy derivative of oxcarbazepine, and zonisamide in human serum.

Methods:
To determine the optimal assay analyte range, one year of AED therapeutic drug monitoring results (n = 1825) were evaluated. Simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing isotopically labeled internal standards was used. Reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography chromatographic separation was used, having a total run time of 3 minutes. Quantification of analytes was accomplished using electrospray ionization in positive ion mode and collision-induced dissociation MS. Assay parameters were evaluated per Food and Drug Administration bioanalytical guidelines.

Results:
After evaluating internal patient data, the analytical measuring range (AMR) of the assay was established as 0.1–100 mcg/mL. All AEDs were linear across the AMR, with R2 values ranging from 0.9988 to 0.9999. Imprecision (% coefficient of variation) and inaccuracy (% difference) were calculated to be <20% for the lower limit of quantitation and <15% for the low, mid, and high levels of quality controls across the AMR. All AEDs demonstrated acceptable assay parameters for carryover, stability under relevant storage conditions, matrix effects, recovery, and extraction and processing efficiency. In addition, the assay displayed acceptable concordance to results obtained from a national reference laboratory, with Deming regression R2 of 0.99 and slope values ranging from 0.89 to 1.17.

Conclusions:
A simple, cost-effective, and robust ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for monitoring multiple AEDs was developed and validated to address the clinical needs of patients at our institution.