bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Tuyul’: Transportasi Onlen Fiktif, Media Sosial dan Hukum
Authors: Fajrianiamin Fajrianiamin - 
Published: August 2018

Technology today cannot be denied is developed very rapidly. People compete to innovate and take advantage of this technology development to create something that has economic value. One form of these rapid technology development that is currently being discussed and massively utilised is the presence of online-based application transportation. In Indonesia, there are a number of online-based application transportation companies, one of the most popular companies is Grab. However, this technological advance still have a gap to be cheated by irresponsible people who want to earn money by breaking the rules through modifying android handphone (HP root). Thus, they do not have to bother driving to pick up passengers from place of origin to destination by onlinely ‘playing’ the aplication. In this way, incentives are obtained, something that can only be legally obtained with certain targets of a company with considerable revenue. Both driver ‘tuyul’ and police understand that burglary apllication is a violation of the law. However, there is a symbiotic mutualism between the two. On the one hand, ‘tuyul’ drivers are excempted for the offence committed by paying some money. On the other hand, police also get some money from ‘the release’. Such ‘peaceful arrangement’ can be done only if the case is not exposed to the media, especially social media which release news is much faster and up-to-date. This indicates the significant role of media, not only to expose cases of ’tuyul’ driver, but also to make these cases go into the realm of law. This proves that the media is more respected than the police and money remains a ‘king’ capable of buying the law. Therefore, online trandportation companies should evaluate and improve the security sistem of their application so as not to be easily broken by ‘tuyul’ drivers. In addition, cooperation among Grab companies, police, and media in conducting raids since research findings indicate that media can be a controller in expressing this online-based application transportation crime.
Complex phase diagrams of systems with isotropic potentials: results of computer simulations
Authors: Ryzhov V N , Tareyeva E E , Fomin Yu D , Tsiok E N 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This review is based on a talk by the authors at the field Scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences devoted to the 60th anniversary of the Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The dependence of phase-diagram characteristics and phase transitions on the shape of the intermolecular potential is reviewed and analyzed for two- and three-dimensional systems with isotropic interaction. First, the case of monotonic repulsive and attractive parts of the potential is considered. In particular, it is demonstrated that if the width of the attractive part decreases, the critical point can disappear and even go under the melting curve. In the main part of the review, three-dimensional systems with potentials having a negative curvature in the repulsive region, that is, with two spatial scales in this region, are discussed in detail: in this case, a number of crystalline phases can occur, as can maxima on the melting curve, water-like anomalies, and liquid–liquid transitions. The dependence of the melting scenario on the shape of the potential in two-dimensional systems is also discussed.
Nano-optical elements for surface plasmon waves: (50th anniversary of the Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences)
Authors: Melentiev P N , Balykin V I 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The main results obtained recently at the Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy, Institute of Spectroscopy of the Russian Academy of Sciences in researching and developing various 2D optical elements for surface plasmon waves and their characterization using near- and far-field methods are presented. They include an optical medium for plasmon waves, a plasmon interferometer, a parabolic mirror for focusing plasmon waves, a dielectrically loaded plasmon-polariton waveguide, a plasmon nanolaser based on a plasmonic crystal, and a plasmon sensor of fluorescent biomarkers. lenses, mirrors, detectors, interferometers, waveguides, and lasers. We show that state-of-the-art techniques for the development of plasmon optics elements, which are based on utilizing single-crystal ultrahigh quality metal surfaces, enable us to come closer to the theoretically predicted characteristics of these elements.
Light bullet dynamics in uniform dielectrics: (50th anniversary of the Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences)
Authors: Chekalin S V , Kompanets V O , Dormidono A E , Kandidov V P 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Experiments and numerical simulations performed jointly by the Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Lomonosov Moscow State University have shown that unlike solitons in guiding structures, the light bullet, a wave packet compressed to the extreme in space and time in the bulk of a transparent dielectric, is a short-lived formation whose free path is no more than several hundred micrometers. The supercontinuum spectrum generated by a light bullet experiences superbroadening, and an isolated anti-Stokes wing emerges if the bullet is compressed to the state of a wave packet close to the single-cycle one, and a plasma channel develops. These findings have been confirmed by numerical simulations and experiments demonstrating periodic density modulation of the color centers induced in LiF, which occurs due to the difference between the wave packet envelope and frequency-carrier velocities in a medium.
Starspot Occultations in Infrared Transit Spectroscopy: The Case of WASP-52b
Authors: Bruno Giovanni , Lewis Nikole K. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Filippazzo Joseph , Hill Matthew , Fraine Jonathan D. , Wakeford Hannah R. , Deming Drake , López-Morales Mercedes , Alam Munazza K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Stellar activity is one of the main obstacles to high-precision exoplanet observations and has motivated extensive studies in detection and characterization problems. Most efforts focused on unocculted starspots in optical transit spectrophotometry, while the impact of starspot crossings is assumed to be negligible in the near-infrared. Here, we present HST/WFC3 transit observations of the active star WASP-52, hosting an inflated hot Jupiter, which present a possible starspot occultation signal. By using this data set as a benchmark, we investigated whether the masking of the transit profile distortion or modeling it with both a starspot model and a Gaussian process affects the shape of the transmission spectrum. Different methods produced spectra with the same shape and a robust detection of water vapor, and with ≲1σ different reference radii for the planet. The solutions of all methods are in agreement and reached a similar level of precision. Our WFC3 light curve of WASP-52b hints that starspot crossings might become more problematic with JWST's higher sensitivity and complete coverage of the transit profile.
MOPSS. I. Flat Optical Spectra for the Hot Jupiters WASP-4 b and WASP-52b
Authors: May E. M. , Zhao M. , Haidar M. , Rauscher E. , Monnier J. D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present the first results from MOPSS, The Michigan Optical Planetary Spectra Survey, aimed at creating a database of optical planetary transmission spectra all observed, reduced, and analyzed with a uniform method for the benefit of enabling comparative exoplanet studies. We discuss our methods, and present results for our first two targets observed with the Magellan Baade 6.5 m telescope, one transit of the Hot Jupiter WASP-4b and two transits of the Hot Saturn WASP-52b. Both targets present flat, featureless spectra, corresponding to the presence of aerosols. We find that the cloud decks must begin no lower than 10−4 bar for both planets. For WASP-52b, we also consider the effects of star spots on the transmission spectrum, including unocculted spots and spots on the stellar limb influencing the light curve limb-darkening parameters. We discuss the usefulness of this program in the coming James Webb Space Telescope era.
Population Syntheses of Millisecond Pulsars from the Galactic Disk and Bulge
Authors: Gonthier Peter L. , Harding Alice K. , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Frederick Sara E. , Mohr Victoria E. , Koh Yew-Meng 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present the results of a population synthesis of radio and γ-ray millisecond pulsars (MSPs) from the galactic disk (GD). Using 92 radio MSPs detected in 13 radio surveys and 54 Fermi MSPs detected as point sources in the first point source catalog, we establish six free parameters corresponding to the overall factor and the exponents of the period and period derivative dependence for each of the radio and γ-ray empirical luminosity models. We test three high-energy emission models described by the two-pole caustic slot-gap, outer-gap, and pair-starved polar-cap geometries. The simulated distributions of pulsar properties adequately describe the distributions of detected MSPs from the GD. We explore the γ-ray emission from groups of MSPs in globular clusters and in the galactic bulge. The simulation predicts reasonable numbers of Fermi MSPs detected in the other point source catalogs and anticipates a bright future for Fermi observations of MSPs, expecting a total of ≈170 MSP detections from the GD within 10 years. Our numbers of simulated MSPs in globular clusters are in agreement with those derived from Fermi detections. The simulation predicts that about 11,000 MSPs in the galactic bulge are required to explain the γ-ray galactic center excess.
Spectral Properties of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Revealed by Polarization Synchrotron Emission with Faraday Rotation
Authors: Zhang Jian-Fu , Lazarian Alex , Xiang Fu-Yuan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We investigate how to recover the spectral properties of underlying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence using fluctuation statistics of synchrotron polarization radiation, based on the synthetic observations. Taking spatially coincident, separated, and compounded synchrotron emission and Faraday rotation regions into account, we extract the power spectrum of synchrotron polarization intensities integrated along the line of sight. Our results demonstrate that in the short wavelength range, the power spectra reflect fluctuation statistics of the perpendicular component of turbulent magnetic fields, and the spectra at long wavelengths reveal the fluctuation of the Faraday rotation density, which is a product of the parallel component of magnetic field and thermal electron density. We find that our numerical results (in the case of spatially coincident regions) are in agreement with the analytical prediction in Lazarian & Pogosyan, and this theoretical prediction is applicable to more complicated settings, i.e., the spatially separated and compounded regions. We simulate telescopic observations that incorporate the effects of telescope angular resolution and noise, and find that statistics of underlying MHD turbulence can be recovered successfully. We expect that the technique can be applied to a variety of astrophysical environments, with existing synchrotron data cubes and a large number of forthcoming data sets from such as the LOw Frequency Array for Radio astronomy, the Square Kilometer Array, and the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope.
Dust in the Wind: Composition and Kinematics of Galaxy Outflows at the Peak Epoch of Star Formation
Authors: Jones Tucker , Stark Daniel P. , Ellis Richard S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Galactic-scale outflows regulate the stellar mass growth and chemical enrichment of galaxies, yet key outflow properties such as the chemical composition and mass-loss rate remain largely unknown. We address these properties with Keck/ESI echellete spectra of nine gravitationally lensed z ≃ 2–3 star-forming galaxies, probing a range of absorption transitions. Interstellar absorption in our sample is dominated by outflowing material with typical velocities of ∼−150

. Approximately 80% of the total column density is associated with a net outflow. Mass-loss rates in the low-ionization phase are comparable to or in excess of the star formation rate, with total outflow rates likely higher when accounting for ionized gas. On the order of half of the heavy element yield from star formation is ejected in the low-ionization phase, confirming that outflows play a critical role in regulating galaxy chemical evolution. Covering fractions vary and are in general non-uniform, with most galaxies having incomplete covering by the low ions across all velocities. Low-ion abundance patterns show remarkably little scatter, revealing a distinct “chemical fingerprint” of outflows. Gas-phase Si/Fe abundances are significantly supersolar ([Si/Fe] ≳ 0.4), indicating a combination of α-enhancement and dust depletion. The derived properties are comparable to the most kinematically broad, metal-rich, and depleted intergalactic absorption systems at similar redshifts, suggesting that these extreme systems are associated with galactic outflows at impact parameters conservatively within a few tens of kiloparsecs. We discuss implications of the abundance patterns in z ≃ 2–3 galaxies and the role of outflows at this epoch.
Narrow Absorption Lines Complex. II. Probing the Line-locking Signatures within the Trough-like Broad Absorption Line
Authors: Lu 陆伟 Wei-Jian 坚 , Lin 林樱 Ying-Ru 如 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we report the line-locking phenomenon of the blended narrow absorption lines (NALs) within trough-like broad absorption lines (BALs) in quasar SDSS J021740.96–085447.9 (hereafter J0217–0854). Utilizing the two-epoch spectroscopic observations of J0217–0854 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find that each of its C iv, Si iv, N v, and Lyα BAL troughs actually contain at least seven NAL systems. By splitting these BAL troughs into multiple NAL systems, we find that the velocity separations between the NAL systems are similar to their doublet splittings, with some of them matching perfectly. Cases like J0217–0854, showing line-locking signatures of NALs within BAL troughs, offer direct observational evidence for the idea that radiative forces play a significant role in driving BAL (at least for Type N BAL) outflows.
Observations of Low-frequency Radio Emission from Millisecond Pulsars and Multipath Propagation in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Bhat N. D. R. , Tremblay S. E. , Kirsten F. , Meyers B. W. , Sokolowski M. , Straten W. van , McSweeney S. J. , Ord S. M. , Shannon R. M. , Beardsley A. , Crosse B. , Emrich D. , Franzen T. M. O. , Horsley L. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Kaplan D. L. , Kenney D. , Morales M. F. , Pallot D. , Steele K. , Tingay S. J. , Trott C. M. , Walker M. , Wayth R. B. , Williams A. , Wu C. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Studying the gravitational-wave sky with pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is a key science goal for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and its pathfinder telescopes. With current PTAs reaching sub-microsecond timing precision, making accurate measurements of interstellar propagation effects and mitigating them effectively has become increasingly important to realize PTA goals. As these effects are much stronger at longer wavelengths, low-frequency observations are most appealing for characterizing the interstellar medium (ISM) along the sight lines toward PTA pulsars. The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) and the Engineering Development Array (EDA), which utilizes MWA technologies, present promising opportunities for undertaking such studies, particularly for PTA pulsars located in the southern sky. Such pulsars are also the prime targets for PTA efforts planned with the South African MeerKAT, and eventually with the SKA. In this paper we report on observations of two bright southern millisecond pulsars, PSR J0437−4715 and PSR J2145−0750, made with these facilities; MWA observations sampled multiple frequencies across the 80–250 MHz frequency range, while the EDA provided direct-sampled baseband data to yield a large instantaneous usable bandwidth of ∼200 MHz. Using these exploratory observations, we investigate various aspects relating to pulsar emission and ISM properties, such as spectral evolution of the mean pulse shape, scintillation as a function of frequency, chromaticity in interstellar dispersion, and flux density spectra at low frequencies. Systematic and regular monitoring observations will help ascertain the role of low-frequency measurements in PTA experiments, while simultaneously providing a detailed characterization of the ISM toward the pulsars, which will be useful in devising optimal observing strategies for future PTA experiments.
Discovery and Characterization of Superefficiency in Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Authors: Torres Diego F. , Lin Tingting 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We numerically study the radiative properties of the reverberation phase of pulsar wind nebulae. Reverberation brings a significant evolution in a short period of time. We show that even the Crab Nebula, associated with the more energetic pulsar of the sample that we consider, has a period in its future time evolution where the X-ray luminosity will exceed the spin-down power at the time. In fact, all of the nebulae in our sample are expected to have a period of radio, X-ray, and GeV superefficiency, and most will also have a period of TeV superefficiency. We analyze and characterize these superefficient phases.
Survivalism, collectivism and proud heritage: A study of informal arts and crafts entrepreneurship in rural Zimbabwe
Authors: Bango Sibusiswe P. , Ndiweni Esinath , Galloway Laura , Verhoeven Helen 
Published: August 2018

Background: Entrepreneurship has most often been studied in the context of developed economies and results extrapolated to apply universally. This tells us little about entrepreneurship in other contexts, including in developing economy situations. In the developing world, entrepreneurship has been explored as a means of reducing poverty, but there has been little inspection of it from other perspectives. Aim: This article explores the motives and experiences of arts and crafts traders in rural Zimbabwe and provides information about the purposes of the business for financial and social life from the perspectives of our research participants. Method: The study used a qualitative methodology, conducting interviews with 12 rural arts and crafts traders. Results: The research identifies drivers, experiences and outcomes of entrepreneurship that are explained by the unique structural and sociocultural context, and the value ascribed to business refers both to financial income and the dissemination of culture and heritage. Evidence of specific sub-Saharan modes of conducting business, reflecting the collectivity, reciprocity and strong ethnic identity characteristics of sub-Saharan African societies also emerges. Conclusion: The article illustrates that western models of business and entrepreneurship may be limited in terms of informing us about the experiences in other contexts. We argue that research on entrepreneurship, and any policy on it in sub-Saharan Africa, takes cognisance of the non-western context and the potential for unique contextual business orientation and outcomes.
Expatriate mentoring: The case of a multinational corporation in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Kokt Desere , Dreyer Tommy F. 
Published: August 2018

Orientation: Despite numerous studies on the adjustment challenges faced by expatriates, not much emphasis has been placed on mentoring and what mentoring plans should entail. This also pertains to research on expatriate mentoring in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which has experienced massive economic growth and an influx of expatriates from across the globe.Research purpose: The main purpose of the study was to propose guidelines to a multinational corporation in Abu Dhabi on compiling an expatriate mentoring plan.Motivation for the study: The prevalence of expatriate assignments to the UAE and the fact that multinational companies report high failure rates served as the motivation for the study.Research approach/design and method: A mixed-method approach was followed, and a case study design was applied. A structured questionnaire was administered to 391 expatriate employees, after which principles for expatriate mentoring were formulated and presented to a focus group for discussion.Main findings: The findings show that expatriates faced challenges regarding work-related and personal-level adaptations, which emphasise the need for an expatriate mentoring plan.Practical/managerial implications: Principles for expatriate mentoring emanated from this study, namely structured interaction, clear objectives, target dates, regular reflection on challenges, formal evaluation and remedial action. These principles informed a proposed expatriate mentoring plan.Contribution/value-add: The study contributes both theoretically and empirically to the compilation of an expatriate mentoring plan.
Creating a proof-of-concept climate service to assess future renewable energy mixes in Europe: An overview of the C3S ECEM project
Authors: Troccoli Alberto , Goodess Clare , Jones Phil , Penny Lesley , Dorling Steve , Harpham Colin , Dubus Laurent , Parey Sylvie , Claudel Sandra , Khong Duc-Huy , Bett Philip E. , Thornton Hazel , Ranchin Thierry , Wald Lucien , Saint-Drenan Yves-Marie , De Felice Matteo , Brayshaw David , Suckling Emma , Percy Barbara , Blower Jon 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) European Climatic Energy Mixes (ECEM) has produced, in close collaboration with prospective users, a proof-of-concept climate service, or Demonstrator, designed to enable the energy industry and policy makers assess how well different energy supply mixes in Europe will meet demand, over different time horizons (from seasonal to long-term decadal planning), focusing on the role climate has on the mixes. The concept of C3S ECEM, its methodology and some results are presented here. The first part focuses on the construction of reference data sets for climate variables based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Subsequently, energy variables were created by transforming the bias-adjusted climate variables using a combination of statistical and physically-based models. A comprehensive set of measured energy supply and demand data was also collected, in order to assess the robustness of the conversion to energy variables. Climate and energy data have been produced both for the historical period (1979–2016) and for future projections (from 1981 to 2100, to also include a past reference period, but focusing on the 30 year period 2035–2065). The skill of current seasonal forecast systems for climate and energy variables has also been assessed. The C3S ECEM project was designed to provide ample opportunities for stakeholders to convey their needs and expectations, and assist in the development of a suitable Demonstrator. This is the tool that collects the output produced by C3S ECEM and presents it in a user-friendly and interactive format, and it therefore constitutes the essence of the C3S ECEM proof-of-concept climate service.