bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compassion fatigue and palliative care in neonatal nurses
Authors: Bozdag Fatma , Basdas Oznur , Atlı Neslihan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) emerge as one of the areas where palliative care is most needed. This study was conducted to examine the attitudes and compassion fatigue levels of NICUs nurses working in Şanlıurfa, where the fertility rate and infant mortality are highest in Turkey, toward palliative care.

Design
This study was conducted in descriptive type.

Methods
The research was carried out with 204 (85%) nurses who agreed to participate in the research between October 2022 and February 2023, out of 240 neonatal intensive care nurses working in the NICU of 2 training and research hospitals and a university hospital in Şanlıurfa. The data of the study were collected using an Introductory Information Form, the Neonatal Palliative Care Attitude Scale, and the Compassion Fatigue Short Scale.

Results
Nurses; compassion fatigue scale mean score was 61.46 ± 26.64, palliative care scale mean score was 3.13 ± 0.74 for organization subdimension, 2.85 ± 0.73 for resources subdimension, and 3.08 ± 0.89 for clinician subdimension. In the results of the study, 8 barriers (parents do not participate in decisions, there is not enough staff, lack of time to spend with the family, lack of policies/rules in institutions for palliative care, lack of education and communication, society’s beliefs, nurses’ personal attitudes toward death, and lack of appreciation of past experiences with palliative care) and 6 facilitators (Nurses’ ability to express their perceptions, views and beliefs about palliative care, to participate and support palliative care, to inform parents, to provide counseling, adequate physical conditions) for palliative care were determined.

Conclusion
While it was determined that nurses had a slightly below moderate level of compassion fatigue and a close attitude toward organization and resources toward palliative care, it was determined that ethical conflict toward palliative care was high in clinical subdimension scores.

Objectives and Significance of Results
It is recommended that all nurses working in the NICU obtain certificates, improvements in resources such as personnel and equipment, improvements in the shift work system and development of policies/rules in institutions for palliative care.
Posttraumatic growth in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer: Application of the self-regulation model
Authors: Shinan-Altman Shiri , Becker Liat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20–35.

Objectives
To examine a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease’s characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable.

Purpose
The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20–35. This study examines a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease’s characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 109 adult children (ages 20–35) of cancer patients. Data were collected using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the COPE questionnaire. Path analysis was performed to test the study’s hypotheses.

Results
The findings revealed that illness representations and coping strategies accounted for significant variance in PTG. Higher perceived severity of the parent’s illness was associated with greater use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, which were linked to higher PTG. Lower perceived control over the illness was associated with less use of problem-focused coping and subsequently lower PTG.

Conclusions
This study underscores the importance of subjective perceptions and coping strategies in fostering PTG among young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. The findings highlight the need for tailored psychosocial interventions to enhance adaptive illness representations and effective coping strategies, promoting resilience and growth in this unique demographic.
Buoyancy Modes in a Low Entropy Bubble
Authors: Toffoletto F. R. , Wolf R. A. , Derr J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the nightside region of Earth's magnetosphere, braking oscillations or buoyancy modes have been associated with the occurrence of low entropy bubbles. These bubbles form in the plasma sheet, particularly during geomagnetically disturbed times, and because of interchange, move rapidly earthward and may eventually come to rest in the inner plasma sheet or inner magnetosphere. Upon arrival, they often exhibit damped oscillations with periods of a few minutes and are associated with Pi2 pulsations. Previously we used the thin filament approximation to compare the frequencies and modes of buoyancy waves using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ballooning and classic interchange theory. Interchange oscillations differ from the more general MHD oscillations by assuming constant pressure along a magnetic field line. It was determined that MHD ballooning and interchange modes are similar for plasma sheet field lines but differ for field lines that map to the inner magnetosphere. This suggested that the classic interchange formulation was only valid in the plasma sheet. This paper tests the hypothesis that the agreement between MHD ballooning and classic interchange could be restored inside a bubble. We create a small region of entropy depletion in the magnetotail and compare the buoyancy mode properties. At some locations inside the bubble, the MHD ballooning buoyancy modes resemble interchange modes but with lower frequencies than those of the unperturbed background. Unstable modes are found on the earthward edge of the bubble, while at the tailward edge, MHD ballooning predicts a slow mode wave solution not seen in the pure interchange solution.
Rheological Structure and Stress Triggered Megathrust Slip Constrained From the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura Crustal Earthquake
Authors: Wang Kai , Hu Yan , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnderstanding postseismic processes following the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake remains challenging due to the time‐dependent afterslip over the complex forearc system including crustal faults and megathrust, and the viscoelastic relaxation of the upper mantle. How the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura crustal earthquake interacts with the megathrust has yet to be better understood. Here we have derived the first 5‐year postseismic displacements from Global Positioning System (GPS) time series of 75 stations to study postseismic processes through a three‐dimensional viscoelastic finite element model. The optimal steady state viscosities of the crustal shear zone, megathrust shear zone, Australian upper mantle and Pacific upper mantle in the lowest‐misfit model among test models are 1018 Pa s, 4 × 1017 Pa s, 2 × 1019 Pa s and 1020 Pa s, respectively. The stress‐driven afterslip within the first 5 years after the earthquake is up to 80 cm over crustal faults, and up to 70 cm over the megathrust. A Kapiti slow slip sequence is probably promoted with a shorter interval by the 2016 earthquake, and is up to ∼11 cm within the first year after the earthquake. Afterslip over crustal faults and the megathrust are both required to reproduce the first‐order pattern of horizontal GPS observations. Coseismic rupture over the megathrust enhances shallow megathrust afterslip, which better fit the eastward postseismic displacement of sites near the rupture area. The southern end of Hikurangi megathrust may be activated during the 2016 earthquake and undergo continuous aseismic slip after the event.
Cuproptosis-related lncRNA JPX regulates malignant cell behavior and epithelial-immune interaction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis
Authors: Sun Mouyuan , Zhan Ning , Yang Zhan , Zhang Xiaoting , Zhang Jingyu , Peng Lianjie , Luo Yaxian , Lin Lining , Lou Yiting , You Dongqi , Qiu Tao , Liu Zhichao , Wang Qianting , Liu Yu , Sun Ping , Yu Mengfei , Wang Huiming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development, progression, and curative efficacy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are influenced by complex interactions between epithelial and immune cells. Nevertheless, the specific changes in the nature of these interactions and their underlying molecular mechanisms in HNSCC are not yet fully understood. Cuproptosis, a form of programmed cell death that is dependent on copper, has been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. However, the understanding of cuproptosis in the context of HNSCC remains limited. In this study, we have discovered that cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (CRLs) known as JPX play a role in promoting the expression of the oncogene urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) by competitively binding to miR-193b-3p in HNSCC. The increased activity of the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis in malignant epithelial cells leads to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HNSCC. Moreover, the overexpression of PLAU in tumor epithelial cells facilitates its interaction with the receptor PLAUR, predominantly expressed on macrophages, thereby influencing the abnormal epithelial–immune interactome in HNSCC. Notably, the JPX inhibitor Axitinib and the PLAU inhibitor Palbociclib may not only exert their effects on the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis that impacts the malignant tumor behaviors and the epithelial–immune cell interactions but also exhibit synergistic effects in terms of suppressing tumor cell growth and arresting cell cycle by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4/6) for the treatment of HNSCC.
Consequences of hyposalivation in relation to cancer treatment and early management of radiation-induced caries: case reports
Authors: Maret Delphine , Palmier Natalia Ranger , Guignes Philippe , Betancourt Sabine , Teulières Marie-Christine , Vigarios Emmanuelle , Banerjee Avijit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven the prevalence of head and neck carcinoma and the salivary changes induced by the oral side effects of radiotherapy, such patients are at higher risk/susceptibility of developing dental caries. Radiation-caries is often under-treated in patients undergoing cervicofacial radiotherapy, yet these lesions can increase the risk of osteoradionecrosis due to necessary subsequent dental extractions. Moreover, xerostomia is accompanied by difficulties with speech, chewing and swallowing. The prevention and/or early management of radiation-induced carious lesions is essential in preventing oral complications and improving patients' quality of life. Based on a French case series, this paper proposes a protocol for the dental management of radiation-induced carious lesions.
TAp73 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and multiciliated cell homeostasis through an OPA1 axis
Authors: Buckley Niall A. , Craxton Andrew , Sun Xiao-Ming , Panatta Emanuele , Pinon Lucia Giraldez , Beier Sina , Kalmar Lajos , Llodrá Jaime , Morone Nobuhiro , Amelio Ivano , Melino Gerry , Martins L. Miguel , MacFarlane Marion 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDysregulated mitochondrial fusion and fission has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. We have identified a novel function of the p53 family protein TAp73 in regulating mitochondrial dynamics. TAp73 regulates the expression of Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), a protein responsible for controlling mitochondrial fusion, cristae biogenesis and electron transport chain function. Disruption of this axis results in a fragmented mitochondrial network and an impaired capacity for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation. Owing to the role of OPA1 in modulating cytochrome c release, TAp73−/− cells display an increased sensitivity to apoptotic cell death, e.g., via BH3-mimetics. We additionally show that the TAp73/OPA1 axis has functional relevance in the upper airway, where TAp73 expression is essential for multiciliated cell differentiation and function. Consistently, ciliated epithelial cells of Trp73−/− (global p73 knock-out) mice display decreased expression of OPA1 and perturbations of the mitochondrial network, which may drive multiciliated cell loss. In support of this, Trp73 and OPA1 gene expression is decreased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, a disease characterised by alterations in mitochondrial dynamics. We therefore highlight a potential mechanism involving the loss of p73 in COPD pathogenesis. Our findings also add to the growing body of evidence for growth-promoting roles of TAp73 isoforms.
KHDRBS1 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway and malignancy of GBM through SNORD51-mediated polyadenylation of ZBED6 pre-mRNA
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Xiaobai , Dong Weiwei , Wang Ping , Liu Libo , Liu Lu , E Tiange , Wang Di , Lin Yang , Lin Hongda , Ruan Xuelei , Xue Yixue 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma is one of the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors. The aberration of metabolism is the important character of GBM cells and is tightly related to the malignancy of GBM. We mainly verified the regulatory effects of KHDRBS1, SNORD51 and ZBED6 on pentose phosphate pathway and malignant biological behavior in glioblastoma cells, such as proliferation, migration and invasion. KHDRBS1 and SNORD51 were upregulated in GBM tissues and cells. But ZBED6 had opposite tendency in GBM tissues and cells. KHDRBS1 may improve the stability of SNORD51 by binding to SNORD51, thus elevating the expression of SNORD51. More importantly, SNORD51 can competitively bind to WDR33 with 3’UTR of ZBED6 pre-mRNA which can inhibit the 3’ end processing of ZBED6 pre-mRNA, thereby inhibiting the expression of ZBED6 mRNA. ZBED6 inhibited the transcription of G6PD by binding to the promoter region of G6PD. Therefore, the KHDRBS1/SNORD51/ZBED6 pathway performs an important part in regulating the pentose phosphate pathway to influence malignant biological behavior of GBM cells, providing new insights and potential targets for the treatment of GBM.
Reduced contrast sensitivity function and outer retina thickness in convalescent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
Authors: Li Yi-Sha , Hu Xia , Zhou Fang-Yue , Guo Xingneng , Yang Xiaoling , Liu Ruru , Lin Dan , Dai Mali , Wu Ke , Wu Jiaqing , Hou Fang , Lesmes Luis Andres , Lu Zhong-Lin , Wang Yu-Qin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To evaluate contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in convalescent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease and investigate the relationship between CSF and chorioretinal thickness in VKH patients with and without sunset glow fundus (SGF).

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. Seventy-six eyes of VKH patients and 56 eyes of normal controls were evaluated. Patients were divided into SGF and non-SGF groups. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of all the participants was ≤0.0 logMAR. Their CSF and macular chorioretinal thickness were measured with quantitative CSF (qCSF) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and compared using repeated measures analysis of variance at the group level. Relationships between CSF and macular chorioretinal thickness were evaluated using generalized estimating equations.

Results
The CSF was significantly impaired in the SGF group compared to that in the control group (p = 0.001), especially at medium and high spatial frequencies. No significant CSF difference was found between the non-SGF group and control group, nor between the SGF and non-SGF groups. Compared to the controls, outer retinal thickness (ORT) in both VKH subgroups was significantly reduced (P < 0.001 or 0.005, respectively), although their outer nuclear layer thickness (ONLT) and choroidal thickness (CT) were not significantly different (both P = 1.000, P = 0.829 or 0.112, respectively). We found no significant correlation between CSF metrics and outer retinal thickness.

Conclusions
Despite good recovery of visual acuity, reduced CSF and outer retina thickness were found in convalescent VKH patients. CSF may be an important and sensitive metric to evaluate functional vision in VKH disease.
mRNA delivery enabled by metal–organic nanoparticles
Authors: Gu Yuang , Chen Jingqu , Wang Zhaoran , Liu Chang , Wang Tianzheng , Kim Chan-Jin , Durikova Helena , Fernandes Soraia , Johnson Darryl N. , De Rose Robert , Cortez-Jugo Christina , Caruso Frank 
Published: November 2024

AbstractmRNA therapeutics are set to revolutionize disease prevention and treatment, inspiring the development of platforms for safe and effective mRNA delivery. However, current mRNA delivery platforms face some challenges, including limited organ tropism for nonvaccine applications and inflammation induced by cationic nanoparticle components. Herein, we address these challenges through a versatile, noncationic nanoparticle platform whereby mRNA is assembled into a poly(ethylene glycol)-polyphenol network stabilized by metal ions. Screening a range of components and relative compositional ratios affords a library of stable, noncationic, and highly biocompatible metal–organic nanoparticles with robust mRNA transfection in vitro and in mice. Intravenous administration of the lead mRNA-containing metal–organic nanoparticles enables predominant protein expression and gene editing in the brain, liver, and kidney, while organ tropism is tuned by varying nanoparticle composition. This study opens an avenue for realizing metal–organic nanoparticle-enabled mRNA delivery, offering a modular approach to assembling mRNA therapeutics for health applications.
A tuneable minimal cell membrane reveals that two lipid species suffice for life
Authors: Justice Isaac , Kiesel Petra , Safronova Nataliya , von Appen Alexander , Saenz James P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAll cells are encapsulated by a lipid membrane that facilitates their interactions with the environment. How cells manage diverse mixtures of lipids, which dictate membrane property and function, is experimentally challenging to address. Here, we present an approach to tune and minimize membrane lipid composition in the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides and its derived ‘minimal cell’ (JCVI-Syn3A), revealing that a two-component lipidome can support life. Systematic reintroduction of phospholipids with different features demonstrates that acyl chain diversity is more important for growth than head group diversity. By tuning lipid chirality, we explore the lipid divide between Archaea and the rest of life, showing that ancestral lipidomes could have been heterochiral. However, in these simple organisms, heterochirality leads to impaired cellular fitness. Thus, our approach offers a tunable minimal membrane system to explore the fundamental lipidomic requirements for life, thereby extending the concept of minimal life from the genome to the lipidome.
An assessment of China’s methane mitigation potential and costs and uncertainties through 2060
Authors: Khanna Nina , Lin Jiang , Liu Xu , Wang Wenjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChina, the world’s largest methane emitter, is increasingly focused on methane mitigation in support of its climate goals, but gaps exist in the understanding of key methane sources, as well as mitigation opportunities and their associated uncertainties. We use a bottom-up modeling approach with updated methane emission projections and abatement cost analysis to account for additional sources, uncertainties, and mitigation measures in China’s energy and agricultural sectors. Here we show the significant cost-effective potential for reducing methane emissions in China by 2030, with 660 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent possible with average negative abatement costs of US$6.40 per tonne CO2e. Most of this potential exists in the energy sector, particularly coal mining, but the greater potential will shift towards agriculture by 2060. Aquaculture and biochar applications in rice cultivation have net economic benefits but need greater support for deployment, while new mitigation measures will be needed for remaining emissions from enteric fermentation, rice cultivation, and wastewater.
Metformin associates with higher myocardial perfusion reserve and survival in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Sharrack Noor , Knott Kristopher D. , Gulsin Gaurav S. , Kotecha Tushar , Brown Louise A. E. , Yeo Jian L. , Porcari Aldostefano , Adam Robert D. , Thirunavukarasu Sharmaine , Chowdhary Amrit , Levelt Eylem , Moon James C. , McCann Gerry P. , Fontana Marianna , Kellman Peter , Munyombwe Theresa , Gale Chris P. , Buckley David L. , Greenwood John P. , Swoboda Peter P. , Plein Sven 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetformin is an antihyperglycemic used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We explored the association between metformin use and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived stress myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; all cause death, MI, stroke, heart failure hospitalisation and coronary revascularisation) in patients with T2DM. Multi-centre study of patients with T2DM, and healthy controls, underwent quantitative myocardial perfusion CMR using an artificial intelligence supported process. Multivariable regression analysis, and cox proportional hazard models of propensity score weighted patients quantified associations between metformin use, MBF, MPR, all cause death and MACE. Analysis included 572 patients with T2DM (68% prescribed metformin) with median follow-up 851 days (IQR 935 − 765). Metformin use was associated with an increase of MPR of 0.12 [0.08–0.40], p = 0.004. There were 82 MACE events (14.3%) including 25 (4.4%) deaths of which 16 were in those not prescribed metformin (8.7%), compared to 9 in patients prescribed metformin (2.3%): adjusted hazard ratio 0.24 (95% CI 0.08–0.70, p = 0.009). MACE events were similar between groups. This multicentre, inverse probability weighting propensity score analysis study showed that in patients with T2DM, metformin use is associated with higher MPR and improved all cause survival.