bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial community structure and functional traits involved in the adaptation of culturable bacteria within the gut of amphipods from the deepest ocean
Authors: Cui Yukun , Xiao Yu , Wang Zhuo , Ji Paiyao , Zhang Changhao , Li Yongqi , Fang Jiasong , Yu Xi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The Hadal Zone is acknowledged for its extreme environmental conditions, especially high hydrostatic pressures. The dominant scavengers in the Hadal Zone, Hadal amphipods, fulfill vital roles in the Hadal food web and ecological niches. However, research on the gut microbiota of amphipods related to ecological functions and environmental adaptation is still limited. Here, we used 16S rRNA sequencing technology and a culture-dependent method to analyze the composition of the gut microbiota in Amphipoda living in the Mariana Trench. A total of 16 bacterial genera were identified. Among them, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla. The adaptability of gut probiotics to the environment was investigated.
Pediococcus pentosaceus
XY62 was picked up as the representative strain to elucidate the ecological functions of gut microbes in amphipods. The ProBio database and the K-B agar diffusion method indicated that
P. pentosaceus
XY62 exhibited the highest probiotic activity compared with all other isolated strains. Specific metabolic pathways and transporter systems that contribute to a range of environmental adaptation strategies have been revealed by genomic analysis of
P. pentosaceus
XY62. The environmental response genes and a specialized KDP transport system allow it to adapt to the challenging conditions of the Hadal Zone. In addition, the presence of antibacterial compounds and antibiotic resistance genes, as well as the ability to form a biofilm, facilitated the successful colonization of
P. pentosaceus
XY62 in the gut environment.

IMPORTANCE
Amphipods are widely distributed in the Hadal trenches, and the study of their gut microbes has garnered considerable scientific interest. Our research breaks away from traditional omics approaches, innovatively combining sequencing technologies with culture-dependent methods to analyze the gut microbiome structure of amphipods from the Mariana Trench. This not only complements the current omics-dominated field but also paves the way for future resource development of extreme microbes. Furthermore, by conducting genomic analyses and functional validations on a representative strain, we have uncovered its probiotic effects and strategies for adapting to extreme environments. This provides new insights into the theoretical study of the ecological functions of deep-sea bacteria. Overall, our findings offer a fresh perspective on the microbial community structure and environmental adaptation strategies of gut microorganisms in the Hadal Zone.
Gut dysbiosis narrative in psoriasis: matched-pair approach identifies only subtle shifts correlated with elevated fecal calprotectin
Authors: Yunusbayev Bayazit , Bogdanova Anna , Nadyrchenko Nadezhda , Danilov Lavrentii , Bogdanov Viktor , Sergeev Grigory , Altinbaev Radick , Bilalov Fanil , Yunusbaeva Milyausha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Many studies have reported gut microbiome alterations in psoriasis patients, suggesting dysbiosis. While evidence for dysbiosis and its link to pathogenesis remains inconclusive, murine models of psoriasis suggest that gut microbiome alterations develop in response to psoriasis-like inflammation. Hence, the dominant narrative about gut microbiome alterations’ impact on disease should be evaluated critically with more data and a well-powered approach. In this case-control study, we used deep sequencing of fecal samples from 53 psoriasis patients and 47 healthy donors to reconstruct the strain/species-level content of the gut microbiome. Unlike previous studies, we first identified matched pairs for each patient with healthy donors to adjust for microbiome variability and increase power. We found no evidence for depleted gut community diversity and apparent divergence in structure between patients and healthy individuals. However, our matched-pair approach identified a subtle but systematic increase in select bacteria among patients, e.g.,
Megasphaera elsdenii
and
Eubacterium CAG 180
. We next showed that these enriched species were correlated with elevated biomarkers of intestinal and systemic inflammation and liver function. Functionally, one of the top species,
Megasphaera elsdenii
, is a potent lactate utilizer in the context of intestinal lactic acidosis and inflammation. While our findings hardly support overt dysbiosis in the large intestine, the observed microbial changes correlate with moderately elevated calprotectin, albeit at levels not enough to diagnose ongoing inflammation. Hence, the sources of elevated inflammatory markers in patients’ intestines remain unclear and warrant further investigation to clarify their cause-and-effect relationship with the disease.

IMPORTANCE
With sufficient taxonomic resolution and sample size, this study critically evaluates new and published data on the gut microbiome in psoriasis patients. It shows that observed taxonomic changes in patients are modest and do not meet strict criteria for gut dysbiosis, at least in the large intestine. Instead, observed taxonomic changes in psoriasis patients can be explained by the microbial response to possible low-grade inflammation with unknown localization in the intestine and unclear impact on the host. The authors point out that published endoscopic data point to the small intestine as the site of gut inflammation. Therefore, further research focused on the small intestine would be informative to clarify the hypothetical gut-psoriasis link.
Multiomics reveals tumor microenvironment remodeling in locally advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer following neoadjuvant immunotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Ji Zhi , Wang Xia , Xin Jiaqi , Ma Lijun , Zuo Duo , Li Hongli , Su Lan , Lv Xinze , Ge Shaohua , Zhang Le , Liu Yong , Zhang Yanhui , Ding Tingting , Deng Ting , Ba Yi , Liu Rui 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPerioperative chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Recent evidence demonstrated the addition of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, the mechanisms of response and resistance remain largely undefined. A detailed multiomic investigation is essential to elucidate these mechanisms.MethodsWe performed whole-exome sequencing, whole-transcriptome sequencing, multiplex immunofluorescence and single-cell RNA sequencing on matched pretreatment and post-treatment samples from 30 patients enrolled in an investigator-initiated Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04908566). All patients received neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy. A major pathologic response (MPR) was defined as the presence of no more than 10% residual viable tumor cells following treatment.ResultsBefore treatment, the positive ratio of CD3+T cells in both the tumor parenchyma and stroma was significantly higher in the non-MPR group compared with the MPR group (p=0.042 and p=0.013, respectively). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was employed for feature gene selection and 13 genes were ultimately used to construct a predictive model for identifying MPR after surgery. The model exhibited a perfect area under curve (AUC) of 1.000 (95% CI: 1.000 to 1.000, p<0.001). Post-treatment analysis revealed a significant increase in CD3+T cells, CD8+T cells and NK cells in the tumor stroma of MPR patients. In the tumor parenchyma, aside from a marked increase in CD8+T cells and NK cells, a notable reduction in macrophage was also observed (all p<0.05). Importantly, forkheadbox protein 3 (FOXP3), the principal marker for regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, showed a significant decrease during treatment in MPR patients. FOXP3 expression in the non-MPR group was significantly higher than in the MPR group (p=0.0056) after treatment. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that nearly all Treg cells were derived from the non-MPR group.ConclusionsOur study highlights the critical role of dynamic changes within the tumor immune microenvironment in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant combined immunochemotherapy. We examined the disparities between MPR/non-MPR groups, shedding light on potential mechanisms of immune response and suppression. In addition to bolstering cytotoxic immune responses, specifically targeting Treg cells may be crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes.
Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Differentially Associated With Cardiometabolic Health After Pregnancy on the Basis of Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Exposure
Authors: Jancsura McKenzie K. , Wirth Michael D. , Helsabeck Nathan P. , Mercer Brian M. , Haas David M. , Greenland Philip , McNeil Rebecca , Levine Lisa D. , Silver Robert M. , Yee Lynn M. , Saade George R. , Khan Sadiya S. , Chung Judith H. , Grobman William A. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Inflammatory diets may influence risk of cardiovascular disease. Subsequent cardiovascular disease is also influenced by adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) such as preterm birth, small‐for‐gestational‐age birth, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. However, the associations between inflammatory diet, APOs, and cardiometabolic health remain unclear.

Methods and Results

We used data from the nuMoM2b (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers‐to‐Be) HHS (Heart Health Study) to assess the relationship between dietary quality and cardiometabolic health. We calculated Energy‐Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index scores representing the inflammatory burden in a person's diet. We used linear regression to determine the association between Energy‐Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index score and cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed stratified analyses for outcomes with a significant interaction between Energy‐Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index and APO. Data were available from 3249 participants at a median of 3.1 years after delivery. Higher Energy‐Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index scores were associated with higher body mass index (B=0.29 kg/m
2
[95% CI, 0.16–0.42]), waist circumference (0.66 cm [95% CI, 0.39–0.93]), diastolic blood pressure (0.26 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.09–0.44]), mean arterial pressure (0.23 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.06–0.40]), triglycerides (2.11 mg/dL [95% CI, 1.05–3.18]), creatinine (2.78 mg/dL [95% CI, 1.13–4.44]), insulin (exp[B]=1.04 [95% CI, 1.03–1.05]) and C‐reactive protein (exp[B]=1.07 [95% CI, 1.04–1.10]), and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.41 mg/dL [95% CI, −0.66 to −0.37]) (all
P
<0.01). Significant interactions with APO (
P
<0.05) were identified for body mass index and waist circumference, with stratified analysis revealing stronger associations for individuals with APOs.

Conclusions
A more proinflammatory diet was associated with worse cardiometabolic health measures, and these relationships differed by a person's APO history. Further investigation should establish how dietary modifications after pregnancy may potentially mitigate cardiovascular disease risk.
Guideline‐Directed Medical Therapy After Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure: Insights From the CONNECT‐HF
Authors: Shoji Satoshi , Kaltenbach Lisa , Granger Bradi B. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Al‐Khalidi Hussein R. , Albert Nancy M. , Butler Javed , Allen Larry A. , Lanfear David E. , Thibodeau Jennifer T. , Chapman Brittany M. , Oliver‐McNeil Sandra M. , Felker G. Michael , Pina Ileana L. , Granger Christopher B. , Hernandez Adrian F. , DeVore Adam D. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Significant gap remains in the implementation of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) in patients with heart failure after a hospitalization. We aimed to evaluate the use and titration of GDMT at discharge and over a 12‐month period after hospital discharge and to identify factors associated with GDMT use and titration.

Methods and Results
The CONNECT‐HF (Care Optimization Through Patient and Hospital Engagement Clinical Trial for Heart Failure) trial evaluated the effect of a hospital and postdischarge quality improvement intervention in participants with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In this secondary analysis, we examined use and titration to at least 50% of the target dose of GDMTs at hospital discharge and over time. Among 4646 participants (mean age 63 years, 34% women), GDMT use did not numerically improve from discharge to 12 months: beta blockers (84%–78%), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitors (73%–65%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (39%–36%), and sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (1.5%–2.1%). Achieving ≥50% of the target dose also showed little change over 12 months: beta blockers (35%–32%), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitors (28%–25%). For all medications, use of GDMT at discharge was associated with the use and achieving ≥50% of the target dose at 12 months.

Conclusions
Following a hospitalization for heart failure, GDMT use remained low and did not numerically improve over 12 months. Use of GDMT at discharge was significantly associated with the use of GDMT over time, highlighting the importance of initiating GDMT during hospitalization.
Weak and unstable prediction of personality from the structural connectome
Authors: Rauland Amelie , Jung Kyesam , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Cieslak Matthew , Reetz Kathrin , Eickhoff Simon B. , Popovych Oleksandr V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Personality neuroscience aims to discover links between personality traits and features of the brain. Previous neuroimaging studies have investigated the connection between the brain structure, microstructural properties of brain tissue, or the functional connectivity (FC) and these personality traits. Analyses relating personality to diffusion-weighted MRI measures were limited to investigating the voxel-wise or tract-wise association of microstructural properties with trait scores. The main goal of our study was to determine whether there is an individual predictive relationship between the structural connectome (SC) and the big five personality traits. To that end, we expanded past work in two ways: First, by focusing on the entire structural connectome (SC) instead of separate voxels and tracts; and second, by predicting personality trait scores instead of performing a statistical correlation analysis to assess an out-of-sample performance. Prediction of personality from the SC is, however, not yet as established as prediction of behavior from the FC, and sparse studies in this field so far delivered rather heterogeneous results. We, therefore, further dedicated our study to investigate whether and how different pipeline settings influence prediction performance. In a sample of 426 unrelated subjects with high-quality MRI acquisitions from the Human Connectome Project, we analyzed 19 different brain parcellations, 3 SC weightings, 3 groups of subjects, and 4 feature classes for the prediction of the 5 personality traits using a ridge regression. From the large number of evaluated pipelines, only very few lead to promising results of prediction accuracy r &gt; 0.2, while the vast majority lead to a small prediction accuracy centered around zero. A markedly better prediction was observed for a cognition target confirming the chosen methods for SC calculation and prediction and indicating limitations of the personality trait scores and their relation to the SC. We therefore report that, for methods evaluated here, the SC cannot predict personality trait scores. Overall, we found that all considered pipeline conditions influence the predictive performance of both cognition and personality trait scores. The strongest differences were found for the trait openness and the SC weighting by number of streamlines which outperformed the other traits and weightings, respectively. As there is a substantial variation in prediction accuracy across pipelines even for the same subjects and the same target, these findings highlight the crucial importance of pipeline settings for predicting individual traits from the SC.
Jurisdiction, Legal Form, and the Transition to Capitalism Debate: Recovering Agency and Discontinuity
Authors: Pal Maïa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The increased interest in law and capitalism has not translated into an engagement in legal scholarship with the transition-to-capitalism debate. This article contributes a critique of commercialisation approaches to the history of capitalism and law from a Political Marxist perspective. It argues that combining jurisdiction and legal form provides a more flexible conceptual architecture to account for early-modern juridical practices. Conceptually, this enables an encounter between the structural and subject-centred commodity-form theory of law (cftl) and the more granular, agentic, and class-centred Political Marxist approach. Empirically, exploring two key institutions – property and sovereignty – provides an opportunity to focus on their jurisdictional dimensions driven by specific class struggles and agencies. These reflect, through the concept of jurisdiction, the ruptures and discontinuities of the transition, while form analysis accounts for the more continuous and structural processes of key institutions shaping the apparent linearity of law.
A new species and two newly recorded species of Eviota (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Taiwan
Authors: SHEN KANG-NING , HUNG TSANG-HSIEH , CHEN I-SHIUNG 
Published: December 2024

A new species and two new records of marine gobies from the genus Eviota were discovered in Taiwan between 2017 and 2023. The new species, Eviota rubrostriata n. sp., was found in eastern Taiwan and is more related to the E. zebrina complex, both morphologically and genetically. Bayesian analysis suggests it has a closer phylogenetic relationship to E. pseudozebrina from Fiji. The new species can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the following unique combination of features: (1) second dorsal fin I/8, anal fin I/7, pectoral fin 14; (2) longitudinal scale rows 23–24; (3) typical head canal pattern type 2; (4) fifth pelvic fin rays about 8–10% of fourth pelvic fin rays; (5) mouth large, extending to middle vertical of eye; and (6) specific coloration: ventral profile after anus with 6–7 main blackish brown spots; infraorbital band wide, deep red through posterior upper lip to lower lip; opercle with a horizontal blackish brown triangular stripe; eye with 5 main brown red regions; first dorsal fin with red spots in distal filamentous anterior 2 spinous rays in male; pectoral fin base with an orange band between two snow white bars; caudal fin base with a vertical black line, in front of the line with a pentagon shape of large black spot; and bright yellow above and below the black spot. Two new records of Eviota species from Taiwan are Eviota storthynx (Rofen, 1959) from eastern Taiwan and Eviota rubriguttata Greenfield & Suzuki, 2011 from Penghu, western Taiwan. A brief discussion of the new species with related species is also included.
First report of Osmia (Pyrosmia) Tkalců from India with description of a new species and redescription of Osmia gulmargensis Nurse
Authors: SARDAR SAYAN , KAZMI S. I. , RAMESHKUMAR A. 
Published: December 2024

Osmia (Pyrosmia) Tkalců, previously known only from the Palaearctic region, is reported for the first time from India, specifically from northern India, which marks the confluence of the Palaearctic and Indo-Malayan realms and therefore, has a mixture of species from both. This is the third subgenus of Osmia Panzer after Osmia (Helicosmia) Thomson and Osmia (Osmia s.str.) reported from India. Osmia (Pyrosmia) muelleri sp. nov. is described based on the material deposited in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India. The rare and unique osmiine bee with an unusually shaped mandible, Osmia gulmargensis Nurse, is also redescribed and illustrated.
On a Modified Definition of a Derecho. Part II: An Updated Spatial Climatology of Derechos across the Contiguous United States
Authors: Squitieri Brian Joseph , Wade Andrew R. , Jirak Israel L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Derechos are known as widespread severe windstorms that accompany extratropical MCSs. However, questions remain whether the term derecho should apply to widespread windstorms from all linear storm structures, or just MCSs that evolve from a progressive cold pool, which support concentrated swaths of damaging winds. Part I of this manuscript focused on the derecho definition to windstorms with hurricane-force gusts that originate from cold-pool-driven MCSs. While Part I modified the derecho definition and formulated quantitative criteria for identifying future events, a derecho spatial climatology across the contiguous United States was derived for 2000–22 using this more focused definition in Part II. The derecho climatology was created from cases identified with the same algorithm employed in Part I of this manuscript, which ingested a combination of datasets to objectively detect derechos. For the 2000–22 climatology, derechos were found to be primarily warm-season events, with corridors of derecho occurrence noted across the Midwest and southern plains, in agreement with earlier studies, as well as the northern plains. Seventy derechos were identified over a period of 23 years. Derechos occur, on average, three times per year nationally, and once every 1–2 years at given points within the plains and Midwest corridors, with greater frequencies noted in earlier studies, likely due to stricter criteria requiring hurricane-force gusts and supporting cold-pool-driven MCS structures in the present study. Derechos frequently form in the afternoon and dissipate later at night but peak in intensity just a few hours after development.
Experimental and numerical simulation on axial compression of GFRP-long-tube under quasi-static and dynamic loads
Authors: Huang Kanjun , Liu Jinchun , Fu Xianwen , Wang Shida , Ren Xinxin , Tu Yan 
Published: December 2024

In order to obtain the failure morphology and mechanical properties of GFRP long tubes under quasi-static axial compression and considering the effects of loading rates on the mechanical properties of GFRP long tubes, axial compression tests were carried out on three 1000 mm-long glass fiber reinforced composite (GFRP) tubes. Subsequently, numerical simulations of the axial compression of GFRP long tubes were performed using the finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA based on the experimental data. By applying different strain rates, the effects on the mechanical properties of GFRP long tubes were observed, further exploring their mechanical behavior. The results show that GFRP is a strain-sensitive material, and its maximum bearing capacity increases with the increase of strain rate, while its displacement decreases accordingly. The failure of GFRP long tube is concentrated in the middle, and the bearing capacity shows a linear change in the early stage. After reaching the ultimate bearing capacity, the bearing capacity will show a trend of first decreasing, then increasing and finally decreasing.