bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory and Movies
Authors: Seamon John 
Published: December 2018

How popular films from Memento to Slumdog Millionaire can help us understand how memory works.
In the movie Slumdog Millionaire, the childhood memories of a young game show contestant trigger his correct answers. In Memento, the amnesiac hero uses tattoos as memory aids. In Away from Her, an older woman suffering from dementia no longer remembers who her husband is. These are compelling films that tell affecting stories about the human condition. But what can these movies teach us about memory? In this book, John Seamon shows how examining the treatment of memory in popular movies can shed new light on how human memory works.
After explaining that memory is actually a diverse collection of independent systems, Seamon uses examples from movies to offer an accessible, nontechnical description of what science knows about memory function and dysfunction. In a series of lively encounters with numerous popular films, he draws on Life of Pi and Avatar, for example, to explain working memory, used for short-term retention. He describes the process of long-term memory with examples from such films as Cast Away and Groundhog Day; The Return of Martin Guerre, among other movies, informs his account of how we recognize people; the effect of emotion on autobiographical memory is illustrated by The Kite Runner, Titanic, and other films; movies including Born on the Fourth of July and Rachel Getting Married illustrate the complex pain of traumatic memories. Seamon shows us that movies rarely get amnesia right, often using strategically timed blows to the protagonist's head as a way to turn memory off and then on again (as in Desperately Seeking Susan). Finally, he uses movies including On Golden Pond and Amour to describe the memory loss that often accompanies aging, while highlighting effective ways to maintain memory function.
Ecuador's Environmental Revolutions
Authors: Lewis Tammy L. 
Published: December 2018

An account of the movement for sustainable development in Ecuador through four eras: movement origins, neoliberal boom, neoliberal bust, and citizens' revolution.
Ecuador is biologically diverse, petroleum rich, and economically poor. Its extraordinary biodiversity has attracted attention and funding from such transnational environmental organizations as Conservation International, the World Wildlife Fund, and the United States Agency for International Development. In Ecuador itself there are more than 200 environmental groups dedicated to sustainable development, and the country's 2008 constitution grants constitutional rights to nature. The current leftist government is committed both to lifting its people out of poverty and pursuing sustainable development, but petroleum extraction is Ecuador's leading source of revenue. While extraction generates economic growth, which supports the state's social welfare agenda, it also causes environmental destruction. Given these competing concerns, will Ecuador be able to achieve sustainability? In this book, Tammy Lewis examines the movement for sustainable development in Ecuador through four eras: movement origins (1978 to 1987), neoliberal boom (1987 to 2000), neoliberal bust (2000 to 2006), and citizens' revolution (2006 to 2015).
Lewis presents a typology of Ecuador's environmental organizations: ecoimperialists, transnational environmentalists from other countries; ecodependents, national groups that partner with transnational groups; and ecoresisters, home-grown environmentalists who reject the dominant development paradigm. She examines the interplay of transnational funding, the Ecuadorian environmental movement, and the state's environmental and development policies. Along the way, addressing literatures in environmental sociology, social movements, and development studies, she explores what configuration of forces—political, economic, and environmental—is most likely to lead to a sustainable balance between the social system and the ecosystem.
Social Empiricism
Authors: Solomon Miriam 
Published: December 2018

For the last forty years, two claims have been at the core of disputes about scientific change: that scientists reason rationally and that science is progressive. For most of this time discussions were polarized between philosophers, who defended traditional Enlightenment ideas about rationality and progress, and sociologists, who espoused relativism and constructivism. Recently, creative new ideas going beyond the polarized positions have come from the history of science, feminist criticism of science, psychology of science, and anthropology of science. Addressing the traditional arguments as well as building on these new ideas, Miriam Solomon constructs a new epistemology of science. After discussions of the nature of empirical success and its relation to truth, Solomon offers a new, social account of scientific rationality. She shows that the pursuit of empirical success and truth can be consistent with both dissent and consensus, and that the distinction between dissent and consensus is of little epistemic significance. In building this social epistemology of science, she shows that scientific communities are not merely the locus of distributed expert knowledge and a resource for criticism but also the site of distributed decision making. Throughout, she illustrates her ideas with case studies from late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century physical and life sciences. Replacing the traditional focus on methods and heuristics to be applied by individual scientists, Solomon emphasizes science funding, administration, and policy. One of her goals is to have a positive influence on scientific decision making through practical social recommendations.
Bradford Books imprint
Participatory Politics
Authors: Soep Elisabeth 
Published: December 2018

An examination of the mix of face-to-face and digital methods that young people use in their experiments with civic engagement.
Although they may disavow politics as such, civic-minded young people use every means and media at their disposal to carry out the basic tasks of citizenship. Through a mix of face-to-face and digital methods, they deliberate on important issues and debate with peers and powerbrokers, redefining some key dynamics that govern civic life in the process. In Participatory Politics, Elisabeth Soep examines the specific tactics used by young people as they experiment with civic engagement.
Drawing on her scholarly research and on her work as a media producer and educator, Soep identifies five tactics that are part of effective, equitable participatory politics among young people: Pivot Your Public (mobilizing civic capacity within popular culture engagements); Create Content Worlds (using inventive and interactive storytelling that sparks sharing); Forage for Information in public data archives; Code Up (using computational thinking to design tools, platforms, and spaces for public good); and Hide and Seek (protecting privacy and information sources). After describing these tactics as they manifest themselves in a range of youth-driven activities—from the runaway spread of the video Kony 2012 to community hackathons—Soep discusses concrete ideas for cultivating the new literacies that will enable young people to participate in public life. She goes on to consider some risks associated with these participatory tactics, including simplification and sensationalism, and ways to avoid them, and concludes with implications for future research and practice.
Insight Into Intermediate Behaviors and Design Strategies of Platinum Group Metal‐Based Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: Su Lixin , Wu Hao , Zhang Shaokun , Cui Chenxi , Zhou Shengnan , Pang Huan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) can effectively convert the hydrogen energy through the hydrogen fuel cells, which plays an increasingly important role in the renewable hydrogen cycle. Nevertheless, when the electrolyte pH changes from acid to base, even with platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts, the HOR kinetics declines with several orders of magnitude. More critically, the pivotal role of reaction intermediates and interfacial environment during intermediate behaviors on alkaline HOR remains controversial. Therefore, exploring the exceptional PGM‐based alkaline HOR electrocatalysts and identifying the reaction mechanism are indispensable for promoting the commercial development of hydrogen fuel cells. Consequently, the fundamental understanding of the HOR mechanism is first introduced, with emphases on the adsorption/desorption process of distinct reactive intermediates and the interfacial structure during catalytic process. Subsequently, with the guidance of reaction mechanism, the latest advances in the rational design of advanced PGM‐based (Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh‐based) alkaline HOR catalysts are discussed, focusing on the correlation between the intermediate behaviors and the electrocatalytic performance. Finally, given that the challenges standing in the development of the alkaline HOR, the prospect for the rational catalysts design and thorough mechanism investigation towards alkaline HOR are emphatically proposed.
Bioinspired Physico‐Chemical Surface Modifications for the Development of Advanced Retentive Systems
Authors: Dzinovic Eda , Clark Lauren , Keyhani Niktash , Al Morhiby Nora , Byford Paul , Wang Siyang , Gamea Sara , Chu Kenneth , Wnuk Elizabeth , Liu Yu , Rosik Nicole , Giuliani Finn , Pugno Nicola M. , Zhang Zhenyu J. , Addison Owen , Elsharkawy Sherif 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA major aspiration in advanced materials is to create artificial adhesive surfaces for wearable medical devices to meet the demands of the body's challenging settings and dynamics. For instance, dentures replace missing teeth and operate within the oral cavity, where an interplay between forces, muscles, saliva, and roughness of mucosa undermine their ability to grip oral tissues. Consequently, the lack of effective retentive strategies represents a source of dissatisfaction for denture wearers globally. Nature is rich in examples that employ physical and chemical adhesive strategies to optimize interfacial forces in dry and wet environments. Here, keratin‐coated octopus‐like suction cups are presented at the micro‐ and macroscale to improve the retention of rigid poly(methyl methacrylate). Microtopographies are obtained using two‐photon polymerization and maskless lithography, while denture prototypes with macrotopographies are derived via digital light processing 3D printing. Results suggest that microtopographies and keratin‐coated surfaces sustain higher maximum adhesion stress than the non‐topographical and non‐coated surfaces in moist environments, where retention is typically lacking. Proof‐of‐concept dentures demonstrate higher maximum detachment forces than conventional dentures with and without denture adhesive within dry and wet environments. This interdisciplinary research highlights the potential application of a nature‐inspired physico‐chemical approach in the next generation of complete dentures.
The role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia with translocation t(8;16)(p11;p13)
Authors: Schmälter Ann‐Kristin , Labopin Myriam , Versluis Jurjen , Gallego Hernanz Maria Pilar , Eder Matthias , von dem Borne Peter , Socié Gerard , Chevallier Patrice , Forcade Edouard , Neubauer Andreas , Baron Frédéric , Bazarbachi Ali , Bug Gesine , Nagler Arnon , Schmid Christoph , Esteve Jordi , Mohty Mohamad , Ciceri Fabio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) with translocation t(8;16)(p11;p13) represents a rare entity that has been categorized as a disease‐defining recurring cytogenetic abnormality with adverse risk in the 2022 European LeukemiaNet classification. This rating was mainly based on a retrospective analysis comprising patients from several large clinical trials, which, however, included only 21 patients treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Therefore, the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation performed a registry study on a larger cohort to evaluate the role of alloSCT in t(8;16) AML. Sixty transplant recipients with t(8;16) AML were identified. Two‐year overall and leukemia‐free survival (OS/LFS) was 43/39%. Patients transplanted in first complete remission (CR1, n = 44) achieved a 2‐year OS/LFS of 48%/48%. Following alloSCT in CR1, the multivariable analysis identified a complex karyotype (CK) as a major risk factor for relapse (HR 4.17, p = .016), lower LFS (HR 3.38, p = .01), and lower OS (HR 3.08, p = .017). Two‐year OS/LFS of patients with CK was 19%/19%, in contrast to 67%/67% in patients with t(8;16) outside a CK. Other factors for inferior outcomes were older age and secondary AML. In summary, alloSCT could mitigate the adverse risk of patients with t(8;16) AML not harboring a CK, particularly when performed in CR1.
RAS signaling pathway is essential in regulating PIEZO1‐mediated hepatic iron overload in dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis
Authors: Rosato Barbara Eleni , D'Onofrio Vanessa , Marra Roberta , Nostroso Antonella , Esposito Federica Maria , Iscaro Anthony , Lasorsa Vito Alessandro , Capasso Mario , Iolascon Achille , Russo Roberta , Andolfo Immacolata 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPIEZO1 encodes a mechanoreceptor, a cation channel activated by mechanical stimuli. Gain‐of‐function (GoF) variants in PIEZO1 cause dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS), or xerocytosis, a pleiotropic syndrome characterized by anemia and iron overload. DHS patients develop hepatic iron overload independent of the degree of anemia and transfusion regimen. PIEZO1‐GoF variants suppress hepcidin expression in both hepatic cellular model and constitutive/macrophage‐specific Piezo1‐GoF mice model. Therefore, PIEZO1‐GoF variants regulate hepcidin expression by a crosstalk between hepatocytes (HCs) and macrophages with a still unknown mechanism. Transcriptomic and proteomics analysis in the human hepatic Hep3B cells engineered for the PIEZO1‐R2456H variant (PIEZO1‐KI) revealed alterations in the actin cytoskeleton regulation, MAPK cascade, and RAS signaling. These changes mainly occur through a novel key regulator, RRAS, whose protein and mRNA levels are regulated by PIEZO1 activation and inhibition. This regulation was further confirmed in C57BL/6 mouse primary HCs treated with Yoda‐1 and/or GsMTx‐4. Indeed, PIEZO1‐KI cells exhibited hyper‐activated RAS‐GTPase activity that is rescued by PIEZO1 inhibition, restoring expression of the hepcidin gene HAMP. A negative correlation between RAS signaling and HAMP regulation was confirmed by inhibiting RAS‐GTPase and MEK1‐2 activity. Conversely, rescued HAMP gene expression requires downregulation of RRAS, confirming negative feedback between RAS‐MAPK and BMP/SMADs pathways in HAMP regulation. We demonstrated that PIEZO1‐GoF variants influence the actin cytoskeleton organization by activating the hepatic RAS signaling system. Understanding the role of RAS signaling in regulating iron metabolism could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies in DHS and other conditions characterized by iron overload.
Teeth Baring as a Model to Understand Complex Facial Signals in a Tolerant Macaque Species
Authors: Fantoni Federico , Maglieri Veronica , Giusti Nicolò , Scopa Chiara , Pallante Virginia , Loprete Antonio Lorenzo , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFacial communication regulates many aspects of social life in human and nonhuman primates. Empirically identifying distinct facial expressions and their underlying functions can help illuminate the evolution of species' communicative complexity. We focused on bared‐teeth faces (BTFs), a highly versatile facial expression in the tolerant macaque Macaca tonkeana. By employing a diverse array of techniques (MaqFACS, unsupervised cluster analysis, Levenshtein distance, NetFACS), we quantitatively discriminated two distinct BTFs: bared‐teeth (BT) and open mouth bared‐teeth (OMBT), and evaluated their distribution across peaceful, playful, and agonistic contexts. Neither BT nor OMBT were context‐specific, although BT frequently occurred during peaceful interactions and with low levels of stereotypy. OMBT was highly stereotyped during play, a context involving strong unpredictability. The presence of tongue‐protrusion during OMBT was exclusive to peaceful contexts whereas the presence of glabella‐lowering during BT and OMBT was specific to agonistic contexts. Hence, BT and OMBT per se are not context‐specific, but their contextual relevance hinges on the inclusion of specific key elements. Moving forward, concurrent analyses of stereotypy and specificity should extend beyond our study to encompass other primate and non‐primate species, facilitating direct comparisons and revealing how communicative and social complexity coevolve.
Marmosets as model systems for the study of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Substantiation of physiological tau 3R and 4R isoform expression and phosphorylation
Authors: Huhe Hasi , Shapley Sarah M. , Duong Duc M. , Wu Fang , Ha Seung‐Kwon , Choi Sang‐Ho , Kofler Julia , Mou Yongshan , Guimaraes Thais Rafael , Thathiah Amantha , Watson Caroline M. , Schaeffer Lauren K. H. , Carter Gregory W. , Seyfried Nicholas T. , Silva Afonso C. , Sukoff Rizzo Stacey J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONMarmosets spontaneously develop pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) including amyloid beta plaques. However, tau expression in the marmoset brain has been understudied.METHODSIsoforms of tau were examined by western blot, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS3R and 4R tau isoforms are expressed in marmoset brains at both the transcript and protein levels across ages. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that tau peptides in marmoset corresponded to the 3R and 4R peptides in human brain, with 3R predominating at birth and an ≈40%:60% 3R:4R ratios in adolescents and adults; tau was distributed widely in neurons, with localization in the soma and synaptic regions. Phosphorylation residues were observed on Threonine (Thr) Thr181, Thr217, Thr231, Serine (Ser) Ser202/Thr205, and Ser396/Ser404.DISCUSSIONOur results confirm both 3R and 4R tau isoform expression and phosphorylation residues in the marmoset brain, and emphasize the significance of marmosets with natural expression of AD‐related hallmarks as important translational models for AD.Highlights
We report comprehensive characterization of tau isoform expression in marmoset brains across the lifespan.
3R and 4R tau isoforms are expressed in marmoset brains at both the transcript and protein levels across ages.
These data emphasize the significance of marmosets with natural expression of primate‐specific traits that are important for the study of Alzheimer's disease.
Positron emission tomography harmonization in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: A scalable and rigorous approach to multisite amyloid and tau quantification
Authors: Landau Susan M. , Harrison Theresa M. , Baker Suzanne L. , Boswell Martin S. , Lee JiaQie , Taggett Jacinda , Ward Tyler J. , Chadwick Trevor , Murphy Alice , DeCarli Charles , Schwarz Christopher G. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Jack Clifford R. , Koeppe Robert A. , Jagust William J. ,   for the U.S. POINTER Study Group and for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONA key goal of the Alzheimer's Disease NeuroImaging Initiative (ADNI) positron emission tomography (PET) Core is to harmonize quantification of β‐amyloid (Aβ) and tau PET image data across multiple scanners and tracers.METHODSWe developed an analysis pipeline (Berkeley PET Imaging Pipeline, B‐PIP) for ADNI Aβ and tau PET images and applied it to PET data from other multisite studies. Steps include image pre‐processing, refacing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/PET co‐registration, visual quality control (QC), quantification of tracer uptake, and standardization of Aβ and tau standardized uptake value ratios (SUVrs) across tracers.RESULTSMeasurements from 10,105 cross‐sectional and longitudinal Aβ and tau PET scans acquired in several studies between 2010 and 2024 can be processed, harmonized, and directly merged across tracers and cohorts.DISCUSSIONThe B‐PIP developed in ADNI is a scalable image harmonization approach used in several observational studies and clinical trials that facilitates rigorous Aβ and tau PET quantification and data sharing.Highlights
Quantitative results from ADNI Aβ and tau PET data are generated using a rigorous, scalable image processing pipeline
This pipeline has been applied to PET data from several other large, multisite studies and trials
Quantitative outcomes are harmonizable across studies and are shared with the scientific community
Neighborhood physical activity facilities predict risk of incident mixed and vascular dementia: The Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study
Authors: Moored Kyle D. , Desjardins Michael R. , Crane Breanna M. , Donahue Patrick T. , Richards Emily A. , Hirsch Jana A. , Lovasi Gina S. , Rosso Andrea L. , Garg Parveen K. , Shields Timothy M. , Curriero Frank C. , Odden Michelle C. , Lopez Oscar L. , Biggs Mary L. , Newman Anne B. , Carlson Michelle C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeighborhood environments may promote neurocognitive health in part by providing amenities that encourage physical activity. We examined associations between quantity of walkable facilities, including specifically physical activity facilities (e.g., gyms, recreation centers), with risk of incident dementia.METHODSParticipants included 2923 adults ≥ 65 years old from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study (1992–1999), with clinically adjudicated dementia classified over a median 6.0 years of follow‐up. Walkable facilities were measured within 1 km (Euclidean) of home. Self‐reported baseline physical activity was considered a moderator.RESULTSIn adjusted Cox models, participants with ≥ 2 (vs. 0) physical activity facilities had reduced risk of mixed/vascular dementia, but not Alzheimer's disease, particularly after excluding individuals in the bottom 20th percentile of physical activity (hazard ratio = 0.56, 95% confidence interval: 0.35–0.89).DISCUSSIONNeighborhood amenities that encourage physical activity may mitigate dementia risk via improved vascular health, especially for individuals with sufficient baseline mobility to use these resources.Highlights
We examined associations between nearby walkable facilities and incident dementia.
Facilities within 1 km were counted via the National Establishment Time Series Database.
More physical activity facilities predicted lower risk of mixed/vascular dementia.
No associations were found between walkable facilities and incident Alzheimer's disease.
Nonenzymatic Hydration of Phosphoenolpyruvate: General Conditions for Hydration in Protometabolism by Searching Across Pathways
Authors: Zimmermann Joris , Bora Basar Atalay , Moran Joseph 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNumerous reactions within metabolic pathways have been reported to occur nonenzymatically, supporting the hypothesis that life arose upon a primitive nonenzymatic precursor to metabolism. However, most of those studies reproduce individual transformations or segments of pathways without providing a common set of conditions for classes of reactions that span multiple pathways. In this study, we search across pathways for common nonenzymatic conditions for a recurring chemical transformation in metabolism: alkene hydration. The mild conditions that we identify (Fe oxides such as green rust) apply to all hydration reactions of the rTCA cycle and gluconeogenesis, including the hydration of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to 2‐phosphoglycerate (2PGA), which had not previously been reported under nonenzymatic conditions. Mechanistic insights were obtained by studying analogous substrates and through anoxic and radical trapping experiments. Searching for nonenzymatic conditions across pathways provides a complementary strategy to triangulate conditions conducive to the nonenzymatic emergence of a protometabolism.