bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mini-Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantation Versus Conjunctival Autograft Fixation With Fibrin Glue After Pterygium Excision: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sati Alok , Banerjee Supriya , Kumar Poninder , Kaushik Jaya , Khera Anurag 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:To compare the outcomes between mini-simple limbal epithelial transplantation (mini-SLET) and conjunctival autograft (CAG) fixation with fibrin glue after excision of pterygium.Methods:Ninety-two eyes with primary nasal pterygium were prospectively randomized into a CAG control arm and a mini-SLET study arm. Follow-up examinations were set at the first and third day, at weeks 1, 2, and 4, and at the third and sixth month after surgery. The primary outcome measure was the recurrence rate at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, whereas the secondary outcome measures were the intraoperative time, postoperative symptoms, and other complications.Results:Eighty-two eyes completed the 6-month follow-up interval. Of the 42 eyes that underwent CAG, 4 (9.5%) exhibited recurrences, whereas only 1 of the 40 eyes (2.5%) treated with mini-SLET had recurrence (P= 0.358). The time taken for surgery in the study group (21.4 minutes) was greater as compared to the control group (15.1 minutes) (P< 0.001). The postoperative median symptom (foreign body sensation, lacrimation, pain, and irritation) score in the CAG group was significantly more for all symptoms on day 1 and day 3; however, on day 7, it was significantly more for pain and irritation only. Except dellen formation (1 in each group), both groups exhibited different other complications, although less in the study group.Conclusions:The study group exhibited a positive trend of less recurrence with reduced postoperative symptoms and other complications. More similar studies are required in future to validate the results.
Using Telehealth for Sexual Assault Forensic Examinations: A Process Evaluation of a National Pilot Project
Authors: Walsh Wendy A. , Meunier-Sham Joan , Re Cheryl 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This project describes the first time live sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) services were provided via telehealth to support site clinicians conducting sexual assault forensic medical examinations for adult and adolescent patients. It involved six sites in three states, including rural, tribal, military, and community hospitals. The purpose of this process evaluation was to determine the extent to which patients consent to telehealth technology, examine how the technology worked, and explore the types of assistance.

Methods
We reviewed information for sexual assault patients who presented at emergency departments (N = 215) and conducted telephone and online surveys with 178 clinicians who provided or received telehealth services.

Results
Between May 1, 2015, and March 31, 2018, 129 patients and site clinicians received services via telehealth and an additional 86 site clinicians received consultation advice via telehealth. Most patients consented and accepted SANE services via telehealth (86% overall and 97% in non-U.S. Navy sites). No significant technology problems were experienced for most interactions (92%). The assistance provided remotely by SANEs to site clinicians included guiding clinicians through history taking and documentation, forensic examination and evidence collection techniques, identifying and documenting injuries, and guiding clinical practice. Site clinicians reported, on average, a positive impact of the assistance on their confidence in providing an effective examination, their ability to provide their patient with the best care, and their sense of feeling supported.

Implication
Results of this pilot suggest that using live telehealth services for sexual assault forensic examinations is a promising practice.
A systemic approach provides insights into the salt stress adaptation mechanisms of contrasting bread wheat genotypes
Authors: Duarte-Delgado Diana , Dadshani Said , Schoof Heiko , Oyiga Benedict C. , Schneider Michael , Mathew Boby , Léon Jens , Ballvora Agim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBread wheat is one of the most important crops for human diet but the increasing soil salinization is causing yield reductions worldwide. Physiological, genetic, transcriptomics and bioinformatics analyses were integrated to study the salt stress adaptation response in bread wheat. A comparative analysis to uncover the dynamic transcriptomic response of contrasting genotypes from two wheat populations was performed at both osmotic and ionic phases in time points defined by physiologic measurements. The differential stress effect on the expression of photosynthesis, calcium binding and oxidative stress response genes in the contrasting genotypes supported the greater photosynthesis inhibition observed in the susceptible genotype at the osmotic phase. At the ionic phase genes involved in metal ion binding and transporter activity were up-regulated and down-regulated in the tolerant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. The stress effect on mechanisms related with protein synthesis and breakdown was identified at both stress phases. Based on the linkage disequilibrium blocks it was possible to select salt-responsive genes as potential components operating in the salt stress response pathways leading to salt stress resilience specific traits. Therefore, the implementation of a systemic approach provided insights into the adaptation response mechanisms of contrasting bread wheat genotypes at both salt stress phases.HighlightThe implementation of a systemic approach provided insights into salt stress adaptation response mechanisms of contrasting bread wheat genotypes from two mapping populations at both osmotic and ionic phases.
Characterizing Adult cochlear supporting cell transcriptional diversity using single-cell RNA-Seq: Validation in the adult mouse and translational implications for the adult human cochlea
Authors: Hoa Michael , Olszewski Rafal , Li Xiaoyi , Taukulis Ian , DeTorres Alvin , Lopez Ivan A. , Linthicum Fred H. , Ishiyama Akira , Izquierdo Daniel Martin , Morell Robert J. , Kelley Matthew W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHearing loss is a problem that impacts a significant proportion of the adult population. Cochlear hair cell loss due to loud noise, chemotherapy and aging is the major underlying cause. A significant proportion of these individuals are dissatisfied with available treatment options which include hearing aids and cochlear implants. An alternative approach to restore hearing would be to regenerate hair cells. Such therapy would require recapitulation of the complex architecture of the organ of Corti, necessitating regeneration of both mature hair cells and supporting cells. Transcriptional profiles of the mature cell types in the cochlea are necessary to can provide a metric for eventual regeneration therapies. To assist in this effort, we sought to provide the first single-cell characterization of the adult cochlear supporting cell transcriptome. We performed single-cell RNA-Seq on FACS-purified adult cochlear supporting cells from theLfngEGFPadult mouse, in which supporting cells express GFP. We demonstrate that adult cochlear supporting cells are transcriptionally distinct from their perinatal counterparts. We establish cell type-specific adult cochlear supporting cell transcriptome profiles, and we validate these expression profiles through a combination of both fluorescent immunohistochemistry andin situhybridization co-localization and qPCR of adult cochlear supporting cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate the relevance of these profiles to the adult human cochlea through immunofluorescent human temporal bone histopathology. Finally, we demonstrate cell cycle regulator expression in adult supporting cells and perform pathway analyses to identify potential mechanisms for facilitating mitotic regeneration (cell proliferation, differentiation, and eventually regeneration) in the adult mammalian cochlea. Our findings demonstrate the importance of characterizing mature as opposed to perinatal supporting cells.
Cryptic Patterns of Speciation in Cryptic Primates: Microendemic Mouse Lemurs and the Multispecies Coalescent
Authors: Poelstra Jelmer , Salmona Jordi , Tiley George P. , Schüßler Dominik , Blanco Marina B. , Andriambeloson Jean B. , Manzi Sophie , Campbell C. Ryan , Bouchez Olivier , Etter Paul D. , Iribar Amaia , Hohenlohe Paul A. , Hunnicutt Kelsie E. , Johnson Eric A. , Kappeler Peter M. , Larsen Peter A. , Ralison José M. , Randrianambinina Blanchard , Rasoloarison Rodin M. , Rasolofoson David W. , Stahlke Amanda R. , Weisrock David , Williams Rachel C. , Chikhi Lounès , Louis Edward E , Radespiel Ute , Yoder Anne D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMouse lemurs (Microcebus) are a radiation of morphologically cryptic primates distributed throughout Madagascar for which the number of recognized species has exploded in the past two decades. This taxonomic explosion has prompted understandable concern that there has been substantial oversplitting in the mouse lemur clade. Here, we take an integrative approach to investigate species diversity in two pairs of sister lineages that occur in a region in northeastern Madagascar with high levels of microendemism and predicted habitat loss. We analyzed RADseq data with multispecies coalescent (MSC) species delimitation methods for three named species and an undescribed lineage previously identified to have divergent mtDNA. Marked differences in effective population sizes, levels of gene flow, patterns of isolation-by-distance, and species delimitation results were found among them. Whereas all tests support the recognition of the presently undescribed lineage as a separate species, the species-level distinction of two previously described species,M. mittermeieriandM. lehilahytsarais not supported – a result that is particularly striking when using the genealogical discordance index (gdi). Non-sister lineages occur sympatrically in two of the localities sampled for this study, despite an estimated divergence time of less than 1 Ma. This suggests rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in the focal lineages, and in the mouse lemur clade generally. The divergence time estimates reported here are based on the MSC and calibrated with pedigree-based mutation rates and are considerably more recent than previously published fossil-calibrated concatenated likelihood estimates, however. We discuss the possible explanations for this discrepancy, noting that there are theoretical justifications for preferring the MSC estimates in this case.
Soybean drought resilience: contributions of a brassinosteroid functional analogue
Authors: Pérez-Borroto Lucia Sandra , Toum Laila , Castagnaro Atilio Pedro , Gonzalez-Olmedo Justo Lorenzo , Coll-Manchado Francisco , Welin Björn Gunnar Viking , Coll-García Yamilet , Pardo Esteban Mariano 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDrought is one of the most important causes of severe yield loss in soybean worldwide, threatening food production for the coming years. Phytohormones such as brassinosteroids can increase response to water deficit. However, natural brassinosteroids low stability precludes large-scale field application, challenging research and development of more stable and cost-effective analogues. Seeking functional analogues capable of improving plant drought-response, we investigated for the first time the effect of DI-31 in Arabidopsis and soybean. We found that, inA. thaliana,the DI-31 increased root growth, biomass accumulation, leaf numberperplant, triggered antioxidant response and dose-dependent stomatal closure, requiring NADPH and peroxidase-dependent ROS production. In soybean, the relative water content, water use efficiency, biomass production and duration, root length, free proline, chlorophyll and carotenoid accumulation and enzymatic antioxidants activity were stimulated by DI-31 application after four and eight days of mild water shortage, while significantly reduced the lipid-peroxides content. Additionally, our results demonstrated that DI-31 diminishes the nodular senescence and successfully maintains the N homeostasis through a fine tune of biological/assimilative N2-fixation pathways. These findings support the DI-31 potential use as a sustainable alternative for integrative soybean resilience management under drought.HighlightBrassinosteroid analogue DI-31 improves soybean growth, water economy, respiration, anti-stress response and nitrogen homeostasis under drought. Thus, they may be considered as a sustainable and environmentally-safe alternative for raising legumes climate resilience.
Dysregulation of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 2 Gene in HIV Treatment-Experienced Individuals
Authors: Sopeyin Anuoluwapo , Zhou Lei , Li Min , Barakat Lydia , Paintsil Elijah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe investigated the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on cholesterol biosynthesis in a case-control study. mRNA and protein expressions of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) were significantly upregulated in cases (HIV+) compared to controls (HIV-). We observed dysregulation between sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2, sensory control) and HMGCR and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) pathways. Dysregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis genes may predate clinical manifestation of ART-induced lipid abnormalities.
In vivo bioreactor using cellulose membrane benefit engineering cartilage by improving the chondrogenesis and modulating the immune response
Authors: Li Xue Guang , Park In-Su , Choi Byung Hyune , Kim Ung-Jin , Min Byoung-Hyun 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTTo regenerate tissue engineered cartilage as a source for the restoration of cartilage defects, we used a human fetal cartilage progenitor cell (hFCPC) pellet for improve the chondrogenesis and modulation the immune response with a In vivo (IV) bioreactor system, that was buried subcutaneously in the host and then implanted into a cartilage defect. In vivo bioreactor (IVB) was composed of silicone tube and cellulose nanopore-size membrane. FCPC pellets were first cultured in vitro for 3 days, and then cultured in vitro, subcutaneous and IV bioreactor for 3 weeks. First evaluated the IV bioreactor fluid appearance, component and liquidity, and then evaluate chondrogenesis and immunogenicity of the pellets using gross observation, cell viability, histology, biochemical analysis, RT-PCR, and Western Blot, finally evaluates the cartilage repair and synovial inflammation using histology. The fluid color and transparency of IV bioreactor were similar to synovial fluid (SF) and the component was also close to SF compared to the serum. IV bioreactor system not only promotes the synthesis of cartilage matrix and maintains cartilage phenotype, but also delays the occurrence of calcification compared with subcutaneous. A IV bioreactor, which has been predominantly adopted to study cell differentiation, was effective in preventing host immune rejection.
Association of Ddx5/p68 protein with the upstream erythroid enhancer element (EHS1) of the Klf1 gene
Authors: Chen Xiaoyong , Pillay Sanjana , Lohmann Felix , Bieker James J 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEKLF/KLF1 is an essential transcription factor that plays a global role in erythroid transcriptional activation. It’s own regulation is of interest, as it displays a highly restricted expression pattern, limited to erythroid cells and its progenitors. Here we use biochemical affinity purification to identify the Ddx5/p68 protein as an activator of KLF1 by virtue of its interaction with the erythroid-specific DNAse hypersensitive site upstream enhancer element (EHS1). We postulate that its range of interactions with other proteins known to interact with this element render it part of the enhanseosome complex critical for optimal expression of KLF1. These individual interactions provide quantitative contributions that, in sum, establish high level activity of the KLF1 promoter and suggest they can be selectively manipulated for clinical benefit.
Experience-dependent structural plasticity at pre- and postsynaptic sites of layer 2/3 cells in developing visual cortex
Authors: Sun Yujiao Jennifer , Espinosa J. Sebastian , Hoseini Mahmood S. , Stryker Michael P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe developing brain can respond quickly to altered sensory experience by circuit reorganization. During a critical period in early life, neurons in the primary visual cortex rapidly lose responsiveness to an occluded eye and come to respond better to the open eye. While physiological and some of the molecular mechanisms of this process have been characterized, its structural basis, except for the well-known changes in the thalamocortical projection, remains obscure. To elucidate the relationship between synaptic remodeling and functional changes during this experience-dependent process, we used 2-photon microscopy to image synaptic structures of sparsely labeled layer 2/3 neurons in the binocular zone of mouse primary visual cortex. Anatomical changes at presynaptic and postsynaptic sites in mice undergoing monocular visual deprivation (MD) were compared to those in control mice with normal visual experience. We found that postsynaptic spines remodeled quickly in response to MD, with neurons more strongly dominated by the deprived eye losing more spines. These postsynaptic changes parallel changes in visual responses during MD and their recovery after restoration of binocular vision. In control animals with normal visual experience, the formation of presynaptic boutons increased during the critical period and then declined. MD affected bouton formation, but with a delay, blocking it after 3 days. These findings reveal intracortical anatomical changes in cellular layers of the cortex that can account for rapid activity-dependent plasticity.Significance statementThe operation of the cortex depends on the connections among its neurons. Taking advantage of molecular and genetic tools to label major proteins of the presynaptic and postsynaptic densities, we studied how connections of layer 2/3 excitatory neurons in mouse visual cortex were changed by monocular visual deprivation during the critical period, which causes amblyopia. The deprivation induced rapid remodeling of postsynaptic spines and impaired bouton formation. Structural measurement followed by calcium imaging demonstrated a strong correlation between changes in postsynaptic structures and functional responses in individual neurons after monocular deprivation. These findings suggest that anatomical changes at postsynaptic sites serve as a substrate for experience-dependent plasticity in the developing visual cortex.
Adaptation mechanism of the adult zebrafish respiratory organ to endurance training
Authors: Messerli Matthias , Aaldijk Dea , Haberthür David , Röss Helena , García-Poyatos Carolina , Sande-Melón Marcos , Khoma Oleksiy-Zakhar , Wieland Fluri A.M. , Fark Sarya , Djonov Valentin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn order to study the adaptation scope of the fish respiratory organ and the O2metabolism due to endurance training, we subjected adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to endurance exercise for 5 weeks. After the training period, the swimmer group showed a significant increase in swimming performance, body weight and length. In scanning electron microscopy of the gills, the average length of centrally located primary filaments appeared significantly longer in the swimmer than in the non-trained control group (+6.1%, 1639µm vs. 1545µm, p=0.00043) and the average number of secondary filaments increased significantly (+7.7%, 49.27 vs. 45.73, p=9e-09). Micro-computed tomography indicated a significant increase in the gill volume (p=0.048) by 11.8% from 0.490 mm3to 0.549 mm3. The space-filling complexity dropped significantly (p=0.0088) by 8.2% from 38.8% to 35.9%., i.e. making the gills of the swimmers less compact. Respirometry after 5 weeks showed a significantly higher oxygen consumption (+30.4%, p=0.0081) of trained fish during exercise compared to controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed different stages of new secondary filament budding, which happened at the tip of the primary lamellae. Using BrdU we could confirm that the growth of the secondary filaments took place mainly in the distal half and the tip and for primary filaments mainly at the tip. We conclude that the zebrafish respiratory organ - unlike the mammalian lung - has a high plasticity, and after endurance training increases its volume and changes its structure in order to facilitate O2uptake.Author summaryAdult zebrafish show an increase of their gill volume after endurance training, likely to adjust for the increased oxygen demand measured with respirometry during swimming.
Engagement and exhaustion in healthcare: a network approach
Authors: Kowalewski Thomas , Ruschoff Britta 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTaking a network approach, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the social antecedents of work-related engagement and exhaustion in a sample of Dutch healthcare workers, examining how employees’ structural position in the team (i.e. their centrality in the network) is associated with their engagement and exhaustion. Distinctions are made between instrumental networks (i.e. structural dependencies) and expressive networks (i.e. emotional connectedness through friendships).Design/methodology/approachAssociations between job characteristics (quantitative demands, emotional demands and influence) and employees’ centrality in the instrumental and expressive networks at work with their self-reported engagement and exhaustion were examined. Network centrality was assessed though a sociometric survey by the total number of nominations each employee received (in-degree centrality) or gave (out-degree centrality) and for both networks separately.FindingsThe results show that whereas job characteristics but not network centrality were associated with exhaustion, network centrality in the expressive network but not job characteristics was associated with engagement. In-degree centrality (being nominated by many co-workers as a friend) was positively associated with engagement, whereas out-degree centrality (nominating many co-workers as a friend) was negatively associated with engagement.Originality/valueThe results support recent findings concerning more multifaceted antecedents of engagement and exhaustion, and underline the importance considering social network characteristics in investigations of work engagement. On a methodological level, the differing results for in-degree and out-degree centrality underline the importance of not only relying on self-reported social relationships but to also capture other-reported data.
Nikhilesh Dholakia: critical path, perils and unending quest
Authors: Dholakia Nikhilesh 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to trace the personal and intellectual evolution of the author via an autobiographic approach.

Design/methodology/approach
Personal, reflective, interpretive, historical narrative.

Findings
For the author, the writing of this paper opened new and reflective windows on personal and intellectual evolution, and similar effects may happen with some of the readers.

Research limitations/implications
Some of the critical directions suggested herein could possibly inspire innovative critical marketing work.

Practical implications
There may be some insights on how to blend observations of the world at large with critical theories gleaned from the literature.

Social implications
The paper offers reflections of the unequal, unjust state of the world, and this could inspire others to seek innovative ameliorative pathways.

Originality/value
As an autobiographical narrative, this paper – by definition – is original and unique.