bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Insulin Secretory Effects of a Classic Ketogenic Meal in Healthy Subjects
Authors: BERTOLI SIMONA , SPADAFRANCA ANGELA , DE AMICIS RAMONA , LEONE ALESSANDRO , MARI ANDREA , BATTEZZATI ALBERTO 
Published: June 2018

Classic Ketogenic Diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that induces ketone body production through fat metabolism with the goal of mimicking a starvation state without depriving the body of necessary calories. KD is an established treatment of glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome and drug-resistant epilepsy, and it is currently evaluated in the management of insulin resistant states as metabolic syndrome, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Insulin is required for effective storage of meal substrates, but insulin secretory rate (ISR) response after a classic ketogenic meal (cKDm) has never been investigated
We measured ISR after a cross-over administrations of a cKDm and of a Mediterranean meal (Mm) providing 2%vs60% carbohydrates, 88%vs25%fat and 10%vs15% protein, respectively of 40% of individual’s total energy requirement in 12 healthy subjects (6F/6M, 19-31 year. Venous blood was sampled at 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180min to measure glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations. ISR was calculated from c-peptide deconvolution and normalized to estimated body surface area
Glucose and insulin concentrations and ISR responses were markedly reduced (p&lt;0,001 al parameters) after cKDm with respect to Mm (Figure).
For the first time we have shown that cKDm is disposed with only a minimal ISR compared to a Mm. This finding may be of interest for patients with insulin resistance and or insulin secretory defects.

Disclosure
S. Bertoli: None. A. Spadafranca: None. R. De Amicis: None. A. Leone: None. A. Mari: None. A. Battezzati: None.
Lifestyle Intervention in Senior Diabetics (LISD) Subanalysis—Autoimmune Profile in the Overweight/Obese Elderly
Authors: CUBB TRISHA , ACEVEDO-CALADO MARIA J. , CELLI ALESSANDRA , COLLELUORI GEORGIA , PHADNIS UMA D. , PIETROPAOLO MASSIMO , VILLAREAL DENNIS 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The LISD trial assesses the effects of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in older adults w/T2D on glycemic control, physical function, and QoL. Within the LISD framework, we examined the autoimmune profile before and after intervention.
Methods: The LISD study is a RCT of 100 individuals w/T2D that are ≥65 year old w/BMI ≥27 who were randomized to healthy control vs. ILI. ILI included 6m of 3x weekly supervised exercise and dietary counseling followed by 6m of community exercise and dietary monitoring. The following were performed at baseline, 6m, and 12m: GAD ab, ZnT8 ab, IA-2FL ab, serum cytokines via MESO QuickPlex, and 2 hour frequently sampled OGTT.
Results: 4/100 participants were + for IA-2FL ab (M: 0.369±0.104) and none for GAD or ZNT8 ab. Compared to IA-2FL - participants, IA-2FL + participants had lower age (68 vs. 71yo; p=0.001), BMI (32 vs. 35; p=0.001), and insulin secretion (Homa-β 68.7 vs. 227.6; p=0.02 Disposition Index: 729 vs. 6049; p=0.009). There was no difference (p&gt;0.05) in insulin sensitivity (Homa-IR 7.2 vs. 12.1; Matsuda: 2.9 vs. 2.3), hgbA1c (7.3 vs. 7.7), DM duration (15.2 vs. 13.5yr), or need for insulin therapy (1/4 vs. 38/96). 3/4 IA-2FL + participants were randomized to ILI (weight loss of -9.5 and -11.1% at 6m/12m). Changes in IA-2FL titers did not correlate w/changes in body weight or metabolic parameters.
Conclusion: It is thought that the incidence of autoimmune DM in adults has been underestimated, which has led to focus on LADA pathogenesis/prevalence in recent literature. However, the obese elderly population has yet to be examined. Some postulate that obesity/aging leads to inflammation that could be a nidus for autoimmune DM. Interestingly in this understudied population, we found that ab+ status correlates w/a lower BMI, age, and insulin secretion for the same level of glycemic control. Our study serves as a pilot to further investigate autoimmunity in terms of prevalence, phenotype, and pathogenesis of this process in the obese elderly with T2D.

Disclosure
T. Cubb: None. M.J. Acevedo-Calado: None. A. Celli: None. G. Colleluori: None. U.D. Phadnis: None. M. Pietropaolo: None. D. Villareal: None.
Continuous Remote Care Model Utilizing Nutritional Ketosis Improves Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors in Patients with Prediabetes
Authors: MCKENZIE AMY , HALLBERG SARAH , BHANPURI NASIR H. , ATHINARAYANAN SHAMINIE J. , MCCUE JACKSON , MCCARTER JAMES P. , VOLEK JEFF , PHINNEY STEPHEN 
Published: June 2018

Prediabetes (preT2D) is a major U.S. public health concern, as over 84 million adults are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease and progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Abnormal glucose, BMI, blood pressure, and blood lipids are risk factors for progression to T2D. The purpose of this single-arm prospective longitudinal investigation was to assess change in risk factors after one year of treatment with a continuous remote care model utilizing nutritional ketosis, behavior change, and support from a health coach, medical provider, and peers provided via an online clinic. Patients with preT2D enrolled (n=116); at 1 year, 95 participants (82%) remained active.
Results are reported for participants with measurements completed at 1 year and baseline; n varied across measures (range: 77-95). Changes from baseline to 1 year included: weight -13.1±9.5 kg (from 110.6±23.5 kg, p&lt;0.0001), BMI -5.0±3.5 kg/m2 (from 38.9 kg/m2, p&lt;0.0001), HbA1c -0.3±0.3% (from 5.9±0.2%, p&lt;0.0001), fasting glucose -9±14 mg/dL (from 110±15 mg/dL, p&lt;0.0001), systolic BP -6±14 mmHg (from 130±13 mmHg, p=0.0003), diastolic BP -3±9 mmHg (from 83±8 mmHg, p=0.0032), triglycerides -43±55 mg/dL (from 148±67 mg/dL, p&lt;0.0001), and HDL-C +7±9 mg/dL (from 52±14 mg/dL, p&lt;0.0001). Seventy percent (54/77) of participants lost &gt;7% body weight. At 1 year, 51.1% (45/88) participants achieved fasting glucose &lt;100 mg/dL (up from 24/94, 25.5% at baseline). No completer progressed to T2D, and 60.7% (54/89) achieved HbA1c &lt;5.7% (up from 14/94, 14.9% at baseline). Most participants (56.3%, 54/96) maintained mean blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations ≥0.5 mmol/L, indicating moderate adherence to nutritional advice.
These results demonstrate that patients with preT2D can be supported remotely with this continuous care model to improve risk factors associated with progression of preT2D to T2D. Ongoing research will evaluate the continued sustainability of this intervention and prevention of T2D.

Disclosure
A. McKenzie: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. S. Hallberg: Board Member; Spouse/Partner; Atkins Nutritionals, Inc.. Employee; Self; Virta Health. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health. N.H. Bhanpuri: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. S.J. Athinarayanan: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. J. McCue: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. J.P. McCarter: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. J. Volek: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Advisory Panel; Self; Atkins Nutritionals, Inc.. Other Relationship; Self; Beyond Obesity. S. Phinney: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp.. Advisory Panel; Self; Atkins Nutritionals, Inc..
Measurement of Liver Size by Imaging Methods Unveils Fatty Liver and Hepatomegaly in Overweight Mexican-American Children
Authors: QUINTANA FERNANDO G. , CERVANTES-GONZALEZ FRANCISCO J. , WANG HONGWEI 
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between BMI percentile and liver size and to predict the probabilities of fatty liver and hepatomegaly for overweight and obese boys and girls. 1161 records from children visiting a South Texas pediatric clinic from 2003 to 2018 were assessed. Ultrasonography was requested for patients whenever the patient was gaining excessive weight and the readings for alkaline phosphatase levels were 2 SD above the normal population or when liver enzymes were elevated, SGOT above 50/46, SGPT above 47/41, and GGT above 32/28 for boys and girls respectively. The data analysis was processed under TAMIU IRB approval #2012-01-13. The data was analyzed using logistic regression. The results were as follows. a) Boys and girls logistic regression of BMI percentile vs. Fatty Liver (n=1161, a=-11.83, Wald=49.01, df=1, p&lt;0.05; b=0.12, Wald=43.39, df=1, p &lt;0 .05), b) boys and girls logistic regression of BMI Percentile vs. Hepatomegaly (n=1161, a=-9.42, Wald=33.47, df=1, p&lt;0.05; b=.085, Wald=25.73, df=1, p&lt;0.05), c) girls logistic regression of BMI percentile vs. fatty Liver (n=450, a=-8.10, Wald=17.88, df=1, p&lt;0.05; b=.07, Wald=13.53, df=1, p&lt;0.05) d) girls logistic regression of BMI percentile vs. Hepatomegaly (n=450, a=-5.67, Wald=12.04, df=1, p&lt;0.05; b=0.041, Wald=5.65, df=1, p&lt;0.05) e) boys, Logistic regression of BMI percentile vs. Fatty Liver (n=840, a=-22.98, Wald=51.27, df=1, p&lt;0.05; b=.23, Wald=50.58, df=1, p&lt;0.05), f) boys logistic regression of BMI percentile vs. Hepatomegaly (n=840, a=-16.58, Wald=31.79, df=1, p &lt;0 .05; b=.16, Wald 29.43, df=1, p&lt;0.05). A cubic curve was also fitted between liver size and BMI percentile for each group. The results of the analysis support that the probability of fatty liver and hepatomegaly increase exponentially as BMI percentile increases, there is also a positive relationship between liver size and BMI percentile.

Disclosure
F.G. Quintana: None. F.J. Cervantes-Gonzalez: None. H. Wang: None.
Dietary Rapeseed Oil Supplementation Reduces Hepatic Steatosis in Obese Men
Authors: KRUSE MICHAEL , KEMPER MARGRIT , GANCHEVA SOFIYA , DANNENBERGER DIRK , MARKGRAF DANIEL F. , RODEN MICHAEL , PFEIFFER ANDREAS F. 
Published: June 2018

Obesity is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leading to increased hepatic glucose production. NAFLD is one of the most frequent liver diseases however, effective treatment is limited. Animal studies showed a reduction in hepatic steatosis with dietary alpha linoleic acid, which is highly enriched in rapeseed oil (RA). In this study we used a nutritional therapeutic approach and investigated the effect of an isocaloric diet supplemented with RA or olive oil (OL) on liver fat content, endogenous glucose production, total body insulin sensitivity and serum lipids in obese humans suffering from NAFLD. 27 obese men (BMI 30-35, age 18-65) consumed an isocaloric diet including 50 g of either RA (n=12) or OL (n=15) daily for eight weeks. Hepatic MRI, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies with isotope labelled glucose and blood tests were performed prior to and at the end of the study to assess liver fat content, endogenous glucose production and cholesterol and free fatty acid levels, respectively. Body fat content and BMI did not change over the time of intervention for RA and OL. At the end of the study a significant reduction in hepatic fat content (P=0.038) could be observed for RA (13.09±1.61 before vs. 11.14±1.58% after intervention) vs. OL (13.29±2.52 before vs. 15.73±2.74% after intervention). For RA, a 21% reduction (P&lt;0.02) in serum free fatty acids was observed after eight weeks of oil consumption whereas no significant changes were seen for OL. Consuming RA resulted in a slight reduction in basal endogenous glucose production (1.71±0.15 before vs. 1.49±0.mg/kg/min after intervention, P=n.s.) compared to OL (1.66±0.before vs. 1.65±0.mg/kg/min after intervention, P=n.s.). There were no significant changes in total body insulin sensitivity and serum cholesterol levels in RA or OL. Our results demonstrate a beneficial effect of the fatty acid composition of RA on hepatic lipid production as shown by reduced hepatic fat content and free fatty acid levels.

Disclosure
M. Kruse: None. M. Kemper: None. S. Gancheva: None. D. Dannenberger: None. D.F. Markgraf: None. M. Roden: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH. Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH. Consultant; Self; Poxel SA. Research Support; Self; Danone Nutricia Early Life Nutrition, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Sanofi. A.F. Pfeiffer: None.
Gut Microbiota Metabolites, Amino Acid Metabolites, and Improvements in Diabetes-Related Traits—The POUNDS Lost Trial
Authors: HEIANZA YORIKO , SUN DIANJIANYI , BRAY GEORGE , QI LU 
Published: June 2018

Gut microbiota alterations may be related to insulin resistance, diabetes, and the impaired amino acid metabolism. We investigated whether changes in gut microbiota metabolite of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors (choline and L-carnitine) were associated with improvements of diabetes-related traits and diabetes-risk-related amino acids in a weight-loss diet intervention. This study included 504 obese adults who were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 energy-reduced diets varying in the macronutrient composition. We calculated changes (Δ) in TMAO, choline, and L-carnitine from baseline to 6 months after the diet intervention. Greater decreases in choline and L-carnitine were significantly (p &lt;0.05) associated with greater improvements in fasting insulin levels and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at 6 months. Particularly, the reduction of choline was predictive of long-term (2-year) improvements in fasting glucose (p=0.007), insulin (p=0.002), and HOMA-IR (p &lt;0.001). We found significant interactions between dietary fat intake and ΔTMAO for changes in fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR (Pinteraction &lt;0.05); among participants who consumed a high-fat diet, greater increase in TMAO was related to less improvements of the outcomes. In addition, ΔL-carnitine and Δcholine were also significantly related to changes in amino acids (including branched-chain and aromatic amino acids). However, the associations of ΔTMAO, Δcholine, and ΔL-carnitine with the diabetes-related traits were independent of the changes in amino acids.
In conclusion, weight-loss-diet-induced changes in TMAO, choline, and L-carnitine were significantly associated with the improvements in glycemia and insulin sensitivity, regardless concurrent changes in diabetes-risk related amino acids. Dietary fat intake may modify the associations of changes in TMAO with the improvements of diabetes-related traits.

Disclosure
Y. Heianza: None. D. Sun: None. G. Bray: Advisory Panel; Self; Herbalife International of America, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S. L. Qi: None.
Lipocalin Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (LPGDS) Levels following Sleeve Gastrectomy and a Very-Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD)—A Pilot Study
Authors: LAU RAYMOND G. , KUMAR SUNIL , LEE JENNY , HALL CHRIS , PALAIA THOMAS , ISLAM SHAHIDUL , BRATHWAITE COLLIN , RAGOLIA LOUIS 
Published: June 2018

Background: Lipocalin prostaglandin D2 synthase (LPGDS) is a bile acid binding protein that has been found to have a significant role in glucose metabolism and appetite. In performing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass in rodent models, we have also demonstrated LPGDS appears to have an important role in the beneficial metabolic effects seen after surgery. We have sought to correlate if LPGDS has a significant clinical effect in humans for surgical weight loss.
Methods: Serum LPGDS levels were obtained in patients undergoing SG before, and then one month following surgery. Serum LPGDS was also measured in subjects undergoing a very low calorie diet (VLCD) program before, and then one month following the start of the program. LPGDS levels were measured by ELISA and analyzed.
Results: Subjects that underwent surgical loss went from 304.45 +/-74 pounds before surgery to 271.4 +/- 70 pounds one month following surgery. Subjects that underwent VLCD went from 273.1 +/- 65 pounds before the program to 255 +/-61 pounds one month after starting the program. LPGDS levels for surgical weight loss increased from 579.9 +/-161 ng/mL before the program to 694.6 +/- 448 ng/mL one month after surgery. LPGDS for VLCD was 583.1 +/- 187 ng/mL before the program and 598.4 +/- 165 ng/mL one month after starting the program.
Conclusion: LPGDS levels appear to increase after sleeve gastrectomy but not VLCD, although this trend is not statistically significant. Further study is needed to confirm this trend.

Disclosure
R.G. Lau: None. S. Kumar: None. J. Lee: None. T. Palaia: None. S. Islam: None. C. Brathwaite: None. L. Ragolia: None.
Liraglutide as an Additional Treatment to Insulin in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus—A 52-Week Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: DANDONA PARESH , GHANIM HUSAM , KUHADIYA NITESH D. , SHAH TANVI , HEJNA JEANNE M. , MAKDISSI ANTOINE , BATRA MANAV , CHAUDHURI AJAY 
Published: June 2018

We have previously demonstrated that a 12-week addition of liraglutide to insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) results in an improvement in glycemic control, weight loss and a reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP). We have now conducted a 1 year randomized study investigating effects of liraglutide in patients with T1DM. All patients had T1D for at least one year, were on insulin therapy and had no detectable c-peptide in plasma (mean BMI: 28.9±1.4kg/m2, mean HbA1c: 7.82±0.16%, mean age: 46.7±1.9 years, mean age of T1D diagnosis: 22.3±1.7 years). They were randomized to receive placebo, (n=20) or 1.8mg Liraglutide (n= 26) daily for 52 weeks. Continues glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed for 4 weeks before and at end of treatment. At the end of 52 weeks treatment with liraglutide, placebo adjusted HbA1c fell significantly by 0.57±0.17% (p=0.006 vs. placebo) from 7.920.15± to 7.45±0.12% (p=0.009). Weekly placebo adjusted average blood glucose fell by 15±4mg/dl (p=0.014 vs. placebo) from 174±5 to 156±6mg/dl (p=0.021) and fasting weekly glucose fell by 8±7mg/dl (p=0.075 vs. placebo) from 165±7 to 153±9mg/dl (p=0.032). There was no change in reported incidences of hypoglycemia and no change in percent time spent below 70mg/dl based on CGM. Total insulin dose did not alter. There was a significant weight loss by 2.5±0.9kg (placebo adjusted, p=0.041 vs. placebo) from 83.6±4.1 to 80.5±4.0kg (p=0.01) in the liraglutide group. Placebo corrected SBP also fell following liraglutide treatment by 9±3mmHg (p=0.031) from 128±3 to 122±3 mmHg while placebo adjusted diastolic BP fell by 5±1mmHg from (79±2 to 75±2mmHg). We conclude that the addition of liraglutide to insulin treatment in type 1 diabetes significantly reduced HbA1c, mean and fasting blood glucose, blood pressure and body weight without significant increase in hypoglycemia.

Disclosure
P. Dandona: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca. H. Ghanim: None. N.D. Kuhadiya: Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk A/S, Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC.. Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; Dexcom, Inc.. T. Shah: None. J.M. Hejna: None. A. Makdissi: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. M. Batra: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. A. Chaudhuri: Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc..
Prolongation of Allograft Survival by Intrathymic Introduction of Allogeneic Thymic Epithelial Cells
Authors: PRADHAN ISHA , WONG-NOONAN STEPHANIE , BERTERA SUZANNE , LAKOMY ROBERT J. , COHEN HENRY , WELLS DERRICK , TRUCCO MASSIMO , FAN YONG 
Published: June 2018

Thymic epithelial cells (TECs), the primary stromal population in the thymus, are critical to establish the microenvironments required for generating self-tolerant, pathogen-responsive T cells. However, due to the inaccessibility of the thoracic cavity and the fragility of TECs, manipulating the thymus to modulate adaptive immune responses remains challenging. We developed a novel surgical procedure that allowed access to thymus glands for intrathymic injection (ITI), without the need to cut the manubrium of the sternum bone. Horizontal cuts of the muscle layers between the first and second bones of the rib cage expose the thymus with minimal side effects. This novel ITI procedure enabled us to implant 16.5-day embryonic TECs into an adult syngeneic recipients’ thymus. Long-term survival and colonization of the implanted TECs was observed via live imaging, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. We further investigated if introduction of allogeneic TECs in the thymus promote negative selection against allo-reactive T cells and induce donor-specific immune tolerance. We engrafted B6 islets under the kidney capsules of chemically induced diabetic Balb/C mice, preconditioned with T-cell depletion sera and intrathymic injection of B6 16.5-day embryonic TECs. Prolonged survival of the transplanted islets was observed compared to sham-operated controls. Mixed lymphocyte reaction experiments further showed dampened T cell proliferation responses against donor B6 antigens. Moreover, increased levels of Foxp3+ T-regulatory cells were detected in Balb/C recipients with ITI of B6 TECs, suggesting that implanted TECs could also promote the generation of alloantigen-specific T regulatory cells in addition to facilitating negative selection of donor antigen-reactive T cells. Our results suggest that intrathymic transplantation of TECs could be an effective way to induce donor-specific immune tolerance with limited general immune suppression.

Disclosure
I. Pradhan: None. S. Wong-Noonan: None. S. Bertera: None. R.J. Lakomy: None. H. Cohen: None. D. Wells: None. M. Trucco: None. Y. Fan: None.
Elevated ANGPTL5 Level in the Circulation of Obese and Type 2 Diabetic People
Authors: ABU-FARHA MOHAMED , ALHASAWI NOUF , QADDOUMI MOHAMMAD , ALMULLA FAHD , TUOMILEHTO JAAKKO , ALANBAEI MUATH , ABUBAKER JEHAD 
Published: June 2018

Angiopoetin like protein family is composed of eight members that are involved in regulating various metabolic processes. ANGPTL5 is one of the members of this family that is mainly expressed in the heart and was showed to stimulate the expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem cell ex-vivo. This study was designed to investigate the expression level of this protein in the plasma of obese and diabetic people.
Methods: A total of 204 people were enrolled in this study including 109 nondiabetic and 95 type 2 diabetics. The nondiabetic people included 70 non-obese (BMI&lt;30 Kg/m2) and 39 obese people (BMI&lt;30 Kg/m2), while the diabetic people included 34 non-obese and 61 obese people. ANGPTL5 plasma level was measured by ELISA.
Results: In this study we showed that ANGPTL5 level was increased in the plasma of diabetic people (5.78±2.59 ng/mL) compared to nondiabetics (4.42 ± 2.32 ng/mL) (p-Value&lt;0.0001). Obese nondiabetics had a significantly higher level of ANGPTL5 (5.12±2.23 ng/mL) compared to non-obese people (4.02 ± 2.27 ng/mL) (p-Value=0.029). Obese diabetic had higher level of ANGPTL5 compared non-obese yet did not reach significance (p-Value=0.064). ANGPTL5 was significantly associated with glycated haemoglobin 1C and insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR.
Conclusion: Our data shows for the first time that ANGPTL5 was increased in diabetic and obese people. Given its unique tissue expression in the heart, ANGPTL5 might modulate its response to insulin resistance through its interaction with other proteins including other ANGPTL proteins. Further analysis will be required to better understand the interaction between ANGPTL5 and other metabolic related biomarkers to shed more light on its role in diabetes and obesity.

Disclosure
N. Alhasawi: None. M. Qaddoumi: None. F. Almulla: None. J. Tuomilehto: None. M. Alanbaei: None. J. Abubaker: None.