bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of response and progression in bone and soft tissue during and after treatment with radium‐223 for metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: McNamara Megan Ann , Oyekunle Taofik , Chin Bennett B. , Oldan Jorge , Anand Aseem , Ritz Michala , Shantzer Lindsey , Anand Monika , Armstrong Andrew J. , George Daniel J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadium‐223 improves survival and time to first symptomatic skeletal event in symptomatic bone predominant metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The imaging response to radium‐223 has not been well characterized.MethodsTo describe patterns of response and progression with radium‐223, we performed a retrospective review of all mCPRC patients who received radium‐223 at Duke from 1 June 2013 to 1 June 2015. Radionuclide bone scans obtained at baseline, during, and after treatment were reviewed by two radiologists. The automated bone scan index (aBSI) was generated at each time point using EXINI boneBSI version 2.4. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clinical radiology reports were reviewed to evaluate for soft tissue, visceral, epidural, and bone progression. Clinical data were abstracted from the electronic health record.ResultsWe identified 61 men who received at least one dose of radium‐223 at Duke during the study period (median, 5 doses; range, 1‐6). Among men with imaging during treatment, 2 of 14 (14.3%) had resolution of greater than or equal to 1 lesion on bone scan, 4 of 14 (28.6%) had zero new bone lesions, 10 of 14 (71.4%) had greater than or equal to 1 new bone lesion, 14 of 26 (53.9%) progressed on CT. After radium‐223, 6 of 39 (15.4%) had resolution of 1 to 4 bone lesions, 15 of 39 (38.5%) demonstrated zero new bone lesions, 24 of 39 (61.5%) progressed on bone scan, 15 of 37 (40.5%) progressed on CT, and 10 of 34 (29.4%) progressed on both bone scan and CT. No men with zero new bone lesions after radium‐223 ultimately progressed in bone alone and only 3 of 15 eventually demonstrated any progression in the bone. aBSI decreased significantly from baseline to after radium‐223 among men with zero new bone lesions (median change in aBSI −0.23 [IQR, −1.5, 0.02]) and increased significantly for men with greater than or equal to 1 new postradium bone lesions (median change in aBSI 1.41 [IQR, −0.05, 3.63] [P = 0.018]).ConclusionsBone and soft tissue progression during and following radium‐223 is common in heavily pretreated men with mCRPC. However, stable disease and responses were observed in a subset of patients and may be associated with durable treatment response in the bone. Prospective studies are needed to further investigate the change in aBSI as a biomarker of bone scan response/stabilization and progression following treatment with radium‐223.
Research on evaluation of safety literacy based on social network analysis
Authors: Li Xiangchun , Li Qin , Long Yuzhen , Li Zhongbei , Liu Rong , Zhu Yunlong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere are inextricable links between the occurrence of accidents and the lack of employees' safety literacy. Researching on safety literacy evaluation is of great significance to find the deficiencies of practitioners in safety literacy. Based on social network analysis, this article makes a centrality analysis to analyze the indicators of safety literacy model, determines 16 core indicators of safety literacy model, and constructs a safety literacy index system. This article uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the safety literacy model and the level of safety literacy of the employees. The actual case study shows that the safety literacy evaluation system can effectively determine the safety literacy level of employees and explain the impact of safety literacy on personal unsafe behavior, corporate organizational behavior, and enterprise safety production.
Impact of non‐stationarity on hybrid ensemble filters: A study with a doubly stochastic advection‐diffusion‐decay model
Authors: Tsyrulnikov Michael , Rakitko Alexander 
Published: May 2019

Effects of non‐stationarity on the performance of hybrid ensemble filters is studied. (By hybrid filters we mean those which blend ensemble covariances with some other regularizing covariances.) To isolate effects of non‐stationarity from effects due to nonlinearity (and the non‐Gaussianity it causes), a new doubly stochastic advection‐diffusion‐decay model (DSADM) is proposed. The model is hierarchical: it is a linear stochastic partial differential equation whose coefficients are random fields defined through their own stochastic partial differential equations. DSADM generates conditionally Gaussian spatiotemporal random fields with a tunable degree of non‐stationarity in space and time. DSADM allows the use of the exact Kalman filter as a baseline benchmark.In numerical experiments with DSADM as the “model of truth”, the relative importance of the three kinds of covariance blending is studied: with static, time‐smoothed, and space‐smoothed covariances. It is shown that the stronger the non‐stationarity, the less useful the static covariance matrix becomes and the more beneficial the time‐smoothed covariances are. Time‐smoothing of background‐error covariances proved to be systematically more useful than their space‐smoothing. Under non‐stationarity, a filter that extends the (previously proposed by the authors) Hierarchical Bayes Ensemble Filter and accommodates the three covariance‐blending techniques is shown to outperform all other configurations of the filters tested.
Benzene Reduction in Reformate Gasoline by Competitive Hydrogenation: Effect of the Preparation Method
Authors: Rostamikia Taghi , Parsafard Nastaran , Peyrovi Mohammad Hasan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe hydrogenation of benzene in reformate gasoline was carried out over nickel supported on silica prepared by precipitation‐gel, co‐precipitation, deposition‐precipitation and sol‐gel techniques. The evaluation was investigated in a continuous fixed bed reactor fed by a stream of reformate gasoline at 398–473 K under atmospheric pressure. X‐ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray fluorescence, energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry‐map, H2 chemisorption and N2 adsorption/desorption techniques have been used to characterize the influence of preparation methods. In the present work, the influences of H2/benzene molar ratios and space velocities on catalytic activity were studied by calculating conversion, specific rate during the benzene hydrogenation. The results show that the surface area of supports is not effective on metal dispersion, and it depends upon the preparation method, the content of metal loading, and interaction between metal and supports. Benzene conversion with catalyst prepared by sol‐gel and deposition‐precipitation method was 4–6 times more than that of toluene. The best performance of benzene hydrogenation was achieved with catalyst prepared by deposition‐precipitation method at 448 K. Among the preparation method, deposition‐precipitation was the best method for preparation of nickel catalyst due to the high and homogeneous dispersion of nickel particles.
Derivatives of 1‐(2‐(Piperidin‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole: Synthesis, Characterization, Determining of Electronic Properties and Cytotoxicity Studies
Authors: Akkoç Senem 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA series of heterocyclic compounds were synthesized and fully characterized. The geometry optimization was carried out using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method and the electronic properties of 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐3‐(2‐(piperidinium‐1‐yl)ethyl chloride)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐3‐ium bromide and 1‐(2‐methylbenzyl)‐3‐(2‐(piperidinium‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐3‐ium dichloride were calculated. Furthermore, the all compounds were evaluated for their potential anticancer activity towards different human cell lines. While 1‐(naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl)‐3‐(2‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐3‐ium chloride possessing naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl group as substituent demonstrated important cytotoxic activity against human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial colon cell line (DLD‐1) with an IC50 value of 15.56 ± 4.01 μM, compound containing 4‐methylbenzyl group showed the most anticancer activity towards human liver epithelial hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) with IC50 value of 15.16 μM. Moreover, microscopic examination of cells was done using Leica inverted microscopy and Olympus confocal microscope. Confocal images of DLD‐1 and human normal epithelial virus transformed cell line (Beas‐2B), which were treated with 20 μM of compounds, indicated that compounds 1‐(4‐methylbenzyl)‐3‐(2‐(piperidinium‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐3‐ium dichloride and 1‐(naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl)‐3‐(2‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐3‐ium chloride had more cytotoxic activity.
A Facile Green Synthesis of Chromene Derivatives as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Agents Through a Modified Natural Soil
Authors: Mashhadinezhad Maryam , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Rassa Mehdi , Shirini Farhad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA convenient, one‐pot multi‐component methodology was developed for the preparation of tetrahydro‐4H‐chromene and dihydropyrano[c]chromene derivatives as important biologically active compounds using nanoporous Na+‐montmorillonite perchloric acid as a modified natural soil. All desired products were prepared with high yield in short times. The synthesized compounds were screened for their biological activities. In vitro antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was studied by 2,2‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. The results showed that some compounds possess significant antioxidant activities (IC50 = 0.11 – 0.51 μM) in comparison to ascorbic acid as standard. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds was also investigated against four bacterial strains including Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and structure‐activity relationships were established. The results revealed that some of the compounds exhibited significant activities compared to the standard drugs. Ease of preparation of reagent and bioactive products, simple work‐up, suitable reaction times, high yields and reusability of the reagent are noteworthy advantages of this method. Also, it is worth mentioning that clays have a natural origin and are found abundantly in nature. For this reason, they are cheaper than other nanomaterials and the processes performed by them will be more affordable.
Synthesis of a Highly Efficient Multifunctional Copper (II)‐Pyridyl Complex for Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
Authors: Jain Harshita , Joshi Ankita , Ramachandran C. N. , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new copper (II) pyridyl complex CP1, has been synthesized for adsorption as well as photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes and characterized through FT‐IR, LC–MS, FE‐SEM, TEM and EPR studies. The density functional theoretical (DFT) study was performed to determine the mode of binding of CuII ions with ligand 1 to form complex CP1. Photoluminescence study in solid state suggests that CP1 could act as potential green light emitter. The adsorption of MB and RhB dyes on the surface of CP1 is found to depend on adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of dyes and contact time. In addition, adsorption of dyes on CP1 is found to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo‐second order kinetics. The photocatalytic degradation was performed under visible light irradiation which reveals that 95.8% of MB (16 mgL−1) and 93.7% of RhB (23.95 mgL−1) can be decolorized in 35 minutes using 0.3 gL−1 of catalyst. To determine the intermediates formed during photocatalytic degradation of dyes, LC–MS spectra is also obtained. From the LC–MS spectra, intermediates are identified and mechanism of degradation of dyes has been proposed.
Label‐Free Fluorometric Detection of Adulterant Malachite Green Using Carbon Dots Derived from the Medicinal Plant Source Ocimum tenuiflorum
Authors: Shukla Devyani , Pandey Fanindra Pati , Kumari Puja , Basu Nilanjan , Tiwari Manish K. , Lahiri Jayeeta , Kharwar Ravindra N. , Parmar Avanish S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFood adulteration is an alarming concern in developing countries causing an increased rate of cancer incidents. This study aims to address this concern by detecting adulteration in green vegetables. A facile green one‐step and cost‐effective strategy to synthesize carbon quantum dots derived from a herbal source has been utilized to design a fluorescence‐based sensor for detecting malachite green (MG), a toxic carcinogenic dye, commonly used as an adulterant to give a fresh green look to green vegetables. The leaf‐extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum has been used to synthesize highly photostable carbon dots for detecting MG with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 18 nM. Further, this principle has been utilized to design a prototype calorimetric sensor. The mechanism of the interaction between malachite green and carbon dots has been probed using DFT by employing the SMD solvation model. In addition, CQDs also possess strong antioxidant activity and minimal cytotoxicity enabling their utilization in many biological and sensing applications. This shows the versatility of these easily scalable carbon dots.
An Account on the Versatility of Dopamine as a Functional Monomer in Molecular Imprinting
Authors: Zaidi Shabi Abbas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractApart from being a vital catecholamine molecule responsible for the proper functioning of central nervous system (CNS), hormonal and renal systems, dopamine (DA) has also been increasingly employed as a functional monomer in the fabrication of surface molecular imprinting of valuable analytes, especially for proteins. The application of dopamine as functional monomer was inspired from mussel adhesion protein, its capability of self‐polymerization under weak alkaline aqueous solution resulting into thin biocompatible highly cross‐linked polydopmaine (PDA) film and cost‐effectiveness. Furthermore, it could adhere strongly on various (organic and inorganic) substrates without any attachment, and possesses plenty of noncovalent functionalities such as amino‐containing groups, hydroxyl‐containing groups and π‐π for further modifications. In this first ever review, we focused our attention on the utilization and influence of DA as a functional monomer in the fabrication of molecular imprinting and discussed it comprehensively.
Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Metal Free Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Amines to Imines
Authors: Zheng He , Shi Song , Wang Xinhong , Zhao Li , Zhu Guozhi , Liu Meng , Gao Jin , Xu Jie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCovalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) were reported as heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidative coupling of benzylamines to imines. The CTFs with different monomers were characterized by TEM, XRD, FT‐IR, XPS, ICP etc. The CTFs showed good performances in various amines coupling and good stability for recycle reactions. High activities of the CTFs for amines coupling were attributed to the triazine structure and unique nature itself. ReactIR was used to investigate the catalytic process and two reaction routes were put forward according to the results.
Synthesis, Microstructure and Photodegradation Activity of Bismuth Tungsten Oxides
Authors: Shi Jiawei , Liang Ying , Li Zhi , Fang Bin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBi2WO6, Bi2WO6/Bi3.84W0.16O6.24, Bi3.84W0.16O6.24/Bi2WO6 and Bi3.84W0.16O6.24 have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The pH and solvent species of the precursor play important roles in the phase composition and microstructure of the products, and further determine the photodegradation activitiy. The orthorhombic Bi2WO6 phase displays hierarchical architectures with different morphologies assembled by nanoplates, while the cubic Bi3.84W0.16O6.24 phase exhibits octahedron‐like particles. All samples possess absorption bands in the visible‐light region. Among the samples, Bi2WO6 structures exhibit the enhanced photodegradation activity due to the combination of the features of the ultrathin nanoplates and their assembled architectures. The special microstructure of Bi2WO6 can facilitate the transfer of photogenerated carriers to the interface of photocatalysts and dyes, and provide more active sites for the reactions of dyes and active radicles.
One‐Step Synthesis of Silica‐Coated Carbon Dots with Controllable Solid‐State Fluorescence for White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhan Yuan , Shang Bin , Chen Min , Wu Limin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCarbon dots (CDots)‐based solid‐state luminescent materials have important applications in light‐emitting devices owing to their outstanding optical properties. However, it still remains a challenge to develop multiple‐color‐emissive solid‐state CDots, due to the serious self‐quenching of the CDots in the aggregation or solid state. Herein, a one‐step synthesis of multiple‐color‐emissive solid‐state silica‐coated CDots (silica/CDots) composites by controlling CDots loading fraction and composite morphology to realize the adjustment of emitting color is reported. The emission of resultant silica/CDots composites shifts from blue to orange with the photoluminescence quantum yields of 57.9%, 34.3%, and 32.7% for blue, yellow, and orange emitting, respectively. Furthermore, the yellow emitting silica/CDots composites exhibit an excellent fluorescence thermal stability, and further have been applied to fabricate white‐light‐emitting devices with a high color rendering index of above 80.
Continuous software engineering and its support by usage and decision knowledge: An interview study with practitioners
Authors: Johanssen Jan Ole , Kleebaum Anja , Paech Barbara , Bruegge Bernd 
Published: May 2019

AbstractContinuous software engineering (CSE) emerged as a process that is increasingly applied by practitioners. However, different perceptions impede its adoption in industry. Furthermore, opportunities through utilizing usage and decision knowledge remain unexploited. We conducted a semi‐structured interview study with 24 practitioners from 17 companies to study how practitioners apply CSE during software evolution and how usage and decision knowledge can support CSE. Regarding the application of CSE, we identified five perspectives on CSE with tool‐ and methodology‐driven definitions most prevalent. Automated tests, involved users, and shared rulesets are perceived as most relevant for CSE. Practitioners report more positive than negative experiences; however, more than half of their responses were neutral. Practitioners' future plans for CSE focus on enhancement, expansion, and on‐demand adaption. Regarding the integration of usage and decision knowledge into CSE, practitioners perceive accountability and traceability as major benefits, while raising concerns about its feasibility and user groups. As short‐term extensions, practitioners expect improvements regarding automation and role aspects, while long‐term additions to integration and experimentation capabilities are demanded. We conclude that CSE remains partially difficult to capture for practitioners, while their attitude toward integrating usage and decision knowledge into CSE is positive.
Einfluss der Zugmodelle auf die dynamische Antwort von 75 Stahl‐, Verbund‐ und Stahlbetonbrücken
Authors: Glatz Bernhard , Fink Josef 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn vielen Fällen sind für den Nachweis von Eisenbahnbrücken unter Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr dynamische Berechnungen erforderlich, um den Effekt der Resonanz bei bestimmten Geschwindigkeiten ausreichend genau abschätzen zu können. Sowohl die Tragwerke als auch die Fahrzeuge können dabei in unterschiedlichen Detaillierungsgraden modelliert werden, wodurch die Ergebnisqualität direkt beeinflusst wird. Durch den Vergleich mit Messergebnissen zeigt sich, dass die tatsächliche Tragwerksantwort durch einfache Rechenmodelle tendenziell überschätzt wird. In diesem Artikel werden drei Methoden vorgestellt, wie die rechnerische Tragwerksantwort durch die realitätsnähere Modellbildung reduziert werden kann. Anhand von Vergleichsrechnungen an 75 Einfeldträgerbrücken des österreichischen Eisenbahnnetzes für den Railjet werden die Einflüsse von gemessenen Dämpfungswerten, der Lastverteilung durch den Gleiskörper und einer Mehrkörpersimulation des überfahrenden Zuges beurteilt. In Abhängigkeit von den Tragwerkseigenschaften zeigt sich die zu erwartende Reduktion der Vertikalbeschleunigungen für jede der drei Methoden.
Ermittlung von Kerbfunktionen für ein Trogbrücken‐Detail nach dem Konzept der effektiven Kerbspannungen
Authors: Aigner Francesco , Fink Josef , Schachinger Markus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractZu den häufigsten Aufgabenstellungen im Bereich des Eisenbahnbrückenbaus gehört der Ersatz von Brücken im Bereich kleiner und mittlerer Stützweiten, in welchen der größte Anteil der Eisenbahnbrücken fällt. Die zu ersetzenden alten Tragwerke waren in der Regel mit offener Fahrbahn ausgeführt worden, die neuen Tragwerke sollten jedoch eine geschlossene Fahrbahn mit einem Schotterbett aufweisen, dessen Dicke im Anwendungsbereich der ÖBB im Regelfall 55 cm beträgt. Aus diesem Grund und weil die Gradiente meist kaum angehoben werden kann, muss die Bauhöhe der Tragwerke in der Regel radikal beschränkt werden. Für eingleisige Brücken im Stützweitenbereich von 10–25 m und mit extrem geringer Bauhöhe kommen Trogbrücken in Betracht, bei welchen das Fahrbahndeck durch ein 120 mm dickes Stahlgrobblech gebildet wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich dem Ermüdungsnachweis der geschweißten Verbindung zwischen der Fahrbahnplatte und den Stegen des Trogquerschnitts.
Brücke über die Salzach bei Kaprun
Authors: Seidl Günter , Mariacher Wolfgang , Schmidt Jürgen , Daßler Mathias 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIm Zuge der Hochwasserschutzmaßnahmen entlang der Salzach wird zur Überführung der Straße von Zell am See nach Kaprun in Österreich eine neue Brücke mit größerer Stützweite notwendig. Der Ersatzneubau der Brücke über die Salzach bei Mayereinöd ist ein Trogbauwerk in Verbundbauweise, dessen Form funktional entworfen wurde. In Querrichtung werden vorgefertigte π‐Platten mit externer Bewehrung gewählt, um eine große Schlankheit und eine schnelle Bauzeit zu ermöglichen. Die externe Bewehrung wird feuerverzinkt ausgeführt.
Tension‐shear interaction of high‐strength bolts during and after fire
Authors: Lange Jörg , Kawohl Anne 
Published: May 2019

AbstractConnections in steel structures play an essential role in the structural stability of the entire construction. This is also true in the event of a fire. The difficulty in designing connections for fire lies in the fact that not only material properties, but also loads applied to the connections change depending on temperature. In addition, the temperature‐dependent decrease in the tensile strength of high‐strength bolts does not coincide with the decrease in shear strength. So far, the influence of combined tension and shear loading on high‐strength bolts has not been studied in detail.This project included carrying out interaction tests on high‐strength bolts of property class 10.9 (fu = 1000 N/mm2). Post‐fire performance was examined in addition to observing the loadbearing behaviour during fire. The examinations were completed with additional material tests. The results were compared with earlier research on the temperature‐dependent loadbearing capacity of high‐strength bolts during and after temperature loading as well as on the loadbearing behaviour of bolts in steel structures under combined tension and shear loads. This investigation contributes to a better understanding of the loadbearing capacity of high‐strength bolts under combined loading during and after a fire.