bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of IGFBP-3 gene sequence in Egyptian sheep, cattle, and buffalo
Authors: Saleh Ahmed. A. , Rashad Amr M. A. , Hassanine Nada. N. A. M. , Sharaby Mahmoud A. , Zhao Yongju 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveA total of 205 animals from four Egyptian livestock species; cattle (n = 18), buffaloes (n = 12), sheep (n = 150) and goats (n = 25) were used in this study to detect polymorphism and perform comparative analysis for IGFBP-3 gene using DNA sequencing and (PCR–RFLP).ResultsThe amplified fragments were found to be of length 654 bp in sheep, 651 bp in cattle and 655 bp in buffalo. For Falahy goats, PCR was performed to amplify a 316 bp fragment from exon 2 of the IGFBP-3 gene. The digestion of 654 bp withHaeIIIrestriction enzyme yielded a single restriction pattern for goats, while for cattle, 3 genotypes were identified; (AA), (AB), and (BB). Moreover, for buffalo one genotype (AA) only was found withHaeIIIandTaqIrestriction enzymes, separately. Also, the digestion profile for goats withHaeIIIrevealed one pattern only. Nucleotide sequencing of the amplified fragments of IGFBP-3 gene in sheep, cattle, buffalo, and goat was submitted to the NCBI GenBank (Accession no. MG738671.1, MG738673.1, MG738674.1, and MG738672.1, respectively). The nucleotide sequencing analysis indicated similarity percentages in IGFBP-3 gene fragments of 88.54, 89.63 and 95.06% between “sheep and cattle”, “sheep and buffalo”, and “cattle and buffalo”, respectively.
Bacterial contamination and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of intensive care units medical equipment and inanimate surfaces at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Darge Addis , Kahsay Atsebaha Gebrekidan , Hailekiros Haftamu , Niguse Selam , Abdulkader Mahmud 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from medical equipment and inanimate surfaces.ResultsOf 130 swabs, 115 (88.5%) swabs were culture positive, of which contaminated medical equipment and inanimate surfaces account 70 (83.3%) and 45 (97.8%), respectively. All the swabs collected from sphygmomanometer, bedside table, computer and computer standing tables were 100% contaminated with bacteria. From the culture-positive swabs, a total of 171 bacterial isolates were identified, out of which 117 (68.4%) and 54 (31.6%) isolates were gram-positive and gram-negative, respectively. Most isolates (82%) were resistant to ampicillin and 13%, 8.6%, and 14% was observed in ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline respectively. Multi-drug resistant was observed inEscherichia coli(72.7%) andStaphylococcus aureus(58.7%).
Objectively-measured physical activity patterns and longitudinal weight category status in a rural setting
Authors: Cook Ian 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the relationship between longitudinal weight-change and objectively-measured physical activity (PA) in a rural African setting in 143 adults (≥ 30 years), using data from two cross-sectional surveys, separated by approximately 10 years. Participants were categorised into three weight-change groups (Weight-loss: ≥ 25 kg m−2→ < 25 kg m−2; Weight-gain: < 25 kg m−2→ ≥ 25 kg m−2; Weight-stability: remained < 25 kg m−2 or ≥ 25 kg m−2). Daily ambulation and activity energy expenditure (AEE), measured in the 2005–2007 health survey, was examined across the weight-change groups. Using the daily AEE data, the proportion of those in the weight-change groups, meeting or not meeting two PA guidelines (150- and 420 min week−1), was examined.

Results
Weight-change was found in 18.2% of the sample. There was no significant overall body mass change (+ 1.2 kg, p = 0.1616). However, there was significant change in body mass in the weight-gain (+ 15.2 kg) and weight-loss (− 10.8 kg) groups (p ≤ 0.0011). Nearly 90% of those who gained weight met the 150 min week−1 guideline. A significantly greater proportion of the weight-stable group (< 25 kg m−2) met the 420 min week−1 guideline (p < 0.05). Ambulatory level was high irrespective of weight group, although the weight-stable group (< 25 kg m−2) approached 15,000 steps day−1. There was an inconsistent and weak association between PA and weight-change in this group.
Characterization of human norovirus binding to gut-associated bacterial ligands
Authors: Almand Erin A. , Moore Matthew D. , Jaykus Lee-Ann 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
Research suggests human norovirus binding to histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-like molecules on enteric bacteria may enhance viral pathogenesis; however, the properties of these bacterial ligands are not well known. Previous work identified, but did not characterize, seven norovirus-binding bacteria. To further examine this bacteria–virus binding interaction, enteric bacteria were analyzed via Western blot with anti-HBGA antibodies and lectins targeting HBGA-associated sugar components. Virus overlay assays using capsids from six different human norovirus strains further identified responsible ligands and strain dependent binding properties.

Results
Each bacterial species possessed varying degrees of HBGA-like activity, and lectin binding further elucidated potential sugar residues involved (N-acetyl-galactosamine, α-d-galactose or α-l-fucose). Both GI and GII norovirus capsids bound specific bacterial ligand sizes, and generally corresponded to anti-HBGA Western blot patterns. A 35-kDa band reacted with all HBGA antibodies, bound all six of the noroviruses tested, and had a high affinity for the lectins. Collectively, this work characterizes the varying carbohydrate residues potentially responsible for norovirus–bacteria interactions and provides a basis for future ligand identification.
A battery of self-screening instruments and self-reported body frame could not detect eating disorders among college students
Authors: Hayakawa Norika , Tanaka Satoshi , Hirata Naoko , Ogino Sachiko , Ozaki Norio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
Although studies have shown inconsistent results in terms of prevalence of eating disorders, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to screen students for abnormal eating behaviors. The results of the self-reported EAT-26 and body frame, as well as the efficacy of using self-administered questionnaires (SAQs) were examined to detect eating disorders in new college students.

Results
An anonymous questionnaire (EAT-26) was provided to 7738 new students; 4552 (58.8%) responders were included in the final analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for 131 (1.7%) students. Among them, 6 students showed a high EAT-26 score, but were not diagnosed with an eating disorder based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Three students were diagnosed with an eating disorder using SCID-I, but their EAT-26 scores were below the threshold. From these results, in a non-clinical population, findings on EAT-26 do not agree with those on SCID-I in terms of the diagnosis of eating disorders, and this battery is not appropriate for detecting eating disorders.
Reconstruction techniques for cardiac cine MRI
Authors: Menchón-Lara Rosa-María , Simmross-Wattenberg Federico , Casaseca-de-la-Higuera Pablo , Martín-Fernández Marcos , Alberola-López Carlos 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The present survey describes the state-of-the-art techniques for dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance image reconstruction. Additionally, clinical relevance, main challenges, and future trends of this image modality are outlined. Thus, this paper aims to provide a general vision about cine MRI as the standard procedure in functional evaluation of the heart, focusing on technical methodologies.
Development and validation of image quality scoring criteria (IQSC) for pediatric CT: a preliminary study
Authors: Padole Atul M. , Sagar Pallavi , Westra Sjirk J. , Lim Ruth , Nimkin Katherine , Kalra Mannudeep K. , Gee Michael S. , Rehani Madan M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
To develop and assess the value and limitations of an image quality scoring criteria (IQSC) for pediatric CT exams.

Methods
IQSC was developed for subjective assessment of image quality using the scoring scale from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating desired anatomy or features not seen, 3 for adequate image quality, and 4 depicting higher than needed image quality. Pediatric CT examinations from 30 separate patients were selected, five each for routine chest, routine abdomen, kidney stone, appendicitis, craniosynostosis, and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. Five board-certified pediatric radiologists independently performed image quality evaluation using the proposed IQSC. The kappa statistics were used to assess the interobserver variability.

Results
All five radiologists gave a score of 3 to two-third (67%) of all CT exams, followed by a score of 4 for 29% of CT exams, and 2 for 4% exams. The median image quality scores for all exams were 3 and the interobserver agreement among five readers (acceptable image quality [scores 3 or 4] vs sub-optimal image quality ([scores 1 and 2]) was moderate to very good (kappa 0.4–1). For all five radiologists, the lesion detection was adequate for all CT exams.

Conclusions
The image quality scoring criteria covering routine and some clinical indication-based imaging scenarios for pediatric CT examinations has potential to offer a simple and practical tool for assessing image quality with a reasonable degree of interobserver agreement. A more extensive and multi-centric study is recommended to establish wider usefulness of these criteria.
Techniques and future perspectives for the prevention and treatment of endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Orgera Gianluigi , Tipaldi Marcello Andrea , Laurino Florindo , Lucatelli Pierleone , Rebonato Alberto , Paraskevopoulos Ioannis , Rossi Michele , Krokidis Miltiadis 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The presence of endoleaks remains one of the main drawbacks of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms leading to the increase of the size of the aneurysmal sac and in most of the cases to repeated interventions. A variety of devices and percutaneous techniques have been developed so far to prevent and treat this phenomenon, including sealing of the aneurysmal sac, endovascular embolisation, and direct sac puncture. The aim of this review is to analyse the indications, the effectiveness, and the future perspectives for the prevention and treatment of endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Structured report data can be used to develop deep learning algorithms: a proof of concept in ankle radiographs
Authors: Pinto dos Santos Daniel , Brodehl Sebastian , Baeßler Bettina , Arnhold Gordon , Dratsch Thomas , Chon Seung-Hun , Mildenberger Peter , Jungmann Florian 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Data used for training of deep learning networks usually needs large amounts of accurate labels. These labels are usually extracted from reports using natural language processing or by time-consuming manual review. The aim of this study was therefore to develop and evaluate a workflow for using data from structured reports as labels to be used in a deep learning application.

Materials and methods
We included all plain anteriorposterior radiographs of the ankle for which structured reports were available. A workflow was designed and implemented where a script was used to automatically retrieve, convert, and anonymize the respective radiographs of cases where fractures were either present or absent from the institution’s picture archiving and communication system (PACS). These images were then used to retrain a pretrained deep convolutional neural network. Finally, performance was evaluated on a set of previously unseen radiographs.

Results
Once implemented and configured, completion of the whole workflow took under 1 h. A total of 157 structured reports were retrieved from the reporting platform. For all structured reports, corresponding radiographs were successfully retrieved from the PACS and fed into the training process. On an unseen validation subset, the model showed a satisfactory performance with an area under the curve of 0.850 (95% CI 0.634–1.000) for detection of fractures.

Conclusion
We demonstrate that data obtained from structured reports written in clinical routine can be used to successfully train deep learning algorithms. This highlights the potential role of structured reporting for the future of radiology, especially in the context of deep learning.
Umbilical cord/placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit fibrogenic activation in human intestinal myofibroblasts via inhibition of myocardin-related transcription factor A
Authors: Choi Yoon Jeong , Koo Jun Bon , Kim Hee Yeon , Seo Jin Won , Lee Eun Jeong , Kim Woo Ram , Cho Joo Young , Hahm Ki Baik , Hong Sung Pyo , Kim Duk Hwan , Yoo Jun-Hwan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The lack of anti-fibrotic agents targeting intestinal fibrosis is a large unmet need in inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Previous studies have found that perinatal tissue (umbilical cord, UC; placenta, PL)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce fibrosis in several organs. However, their effects on human intestinal fibrosis are poorly understood. This study investigated the anti-fibrogenic properties and mechanisms of MSCs derived from UC and PL (UC/PL-MSCs) on human primary intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMFs).

Methods
The HIMFs were treated with TGF-β1 and co-cultured with UC/PL-MSCs. We used a small molecular inhibitor CCG-100602 to examine whether serum response factor (SRF) and its transcriptional cofactor myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) are involved in TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic activation in HIMFs. The anti-fibrogenic mechanism of UC/PL-MSCs on HIMFs was analyzed by detecting the expression of RhoA, MRTF-A, and SRF in HIMFs.

Results
UC/PL-MSCs reduced TGF-β1-induced procollagen1A1, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in HIMFs. This anti-fibrogenic effect was more apparent in the UC-MSCs. TGF-β1 stimulation increased the expressions of RhoA, MRTF-A, and SRF in the HIMFs. TGF-β1 induced the synthesis of procollagen1A1, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin through a MRTF-A/SRF-dependent mechanism. Co-culture with the UC/PL-MSCs downregulated fibrogenesis by inhibition of RhoA, MRTF-A, and SRF expression.

Conclusions
UC/PL-MSCs suppress TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic activation in HIMFs by blocking the Rho/MRTF/SRF pathway and could be considered as a novel candidate for stem cell-based therapy of intestinal fibrosis.
miR-205-5p inhibits human endometriosis progression by targeting ANGPT2 in endometrial stromal cells
Authors: Zhou Chen-Fei , Liu Min-Juan , Wang Wei , Wu Sha , Huang Yu-Xin , Chen Guo-Bin , Liu Li-Min , Peng Dong-Xian , Wang Xue-Feng , Cai Xu-Zi , Li Xiao-Xuan , Feng Wan-Qin , Ma Ying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
miRNA expression profiles in ectopic endometrium (EC) serving as pathophysiologic genetic fingerprints contribute to determining endometriosis progression; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Methods
miRNA microarray analysis was used to determine the expression profiling of EC fresh tissues. qRT-PCR was performed to screen miR-205-5p expression in EC tissues. The roles of miR-205-5p and its candidate target gene, angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), in endometriosis progression were confirmed on the basis of both in vitro and in vivo systems. miR-205-5p and ANGPT2 expression were measured by in situ hybridization and immunochemistry, and their clinical significance was statistically analysed.

Results
miR-205-5p was screened as a novel suppressor of endometriosis through primary ectopic endometrial stromal cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis assay in vitro, along with endometrial-like xenograft growth and apoptosis in vivo. In addition, ANGPT2 was identified as a direct target of miR-205-5p through bioinformatic target prediction and luciferase reporter assay. Re-expression and knockdown of ANGPT2 could respectively rescue and simulate the effects induced by miR-205-5p. Importantly, the miR-205-5p-ANGPT2 axis was found to activate the ERK/AKT pathway in endometriosis. Finally, miR-205-5p and ANGPT2 expression were closely correlated with the endometriosis severity.

Conclusion
The newly identified miR-205-5p-ANGPT2-AKT/ERK axis illustrates the molecular mechanism of endometriosis progression and may represent a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for disease treatment.
The enhanced effect and underlying mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells with IL-33 overexpression on myocardial infarction
Authors: Chen Yueqiu , Zuo Jianfeng , Chen Weiqian , Yang Ziying , Zhang Yanxia , Hua Fei , Shao Lianbo , Li Jingjing , Chen Yihuan , Yu Yunsheng , Shen Zhenya 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Interleukin 33 is known to have an important influence in the process of myocardial infarction, and the immunoregulatory function of MSCs could be influenced by cell factors. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of IL-33-overexpressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (IL33-MSCs) on myocardial infarction (MI) and detected the inflammatory level and cardiac function in rats.

Methods and results
First, we evaluated the proliferation of T cells and polarization of macrophages that had been co-cultured with Vector-MSCs or IL33-MSCs. Co-culture experiments indicated that IL33-MSCs reduced T cell proliferation and enhanced CD206+ macrophage polarization. Second, we determined the inflammation level and cardiac function of PBS-, Vector-MSC-, and IL33-MSC-injected rats. Echocardiography indicated that left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was enhanced in IL33-MSC-injected rats compared with Vector-MSC-injected rats. Postmortem analysis of rat heart tissue showed reduced fibrosis and less inflammation in IL33-MSC-injected rats.

Conclusion
These studies indicated that the IL33-MSC injection improved heart function and reduces inflammation in rats with MI compared with PBS or Vector-MSC injections.

Graphical Abstract
IL-33 overexpression enhances the immunomodulatory function and therapeutic effects of MSCs on acute MI via enhancing the polarization of macrophages toward M2, enhancing the differentiation of CD4+ T cells toward CD4+IL4+Th2 cells, and finally, reducing heart inflammation and enhancing heart function.
Nanofibrillar cellulose wound dressing supports the growth and characteristics of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells without cell adhesion coatings
Authors: Kiiskinen Jasmi , Merivaara Arto , Hakkarainen Tiina , Kääriäinen Minna , Miettinen Susanna , Yliperttula Marjo , Koivuniemi Raili 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
In the field of regenerative medicine, delivery of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hASCs) has shown great promise to promote wound healing. However, a hostile environment of the injured tissue has shown considerably to limit the survival rate of the transplanted cells, and thus, to improve the cell survival and retention towards successful cell transplantation, an optimal cell scaffold is required. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of wood-derived nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) wound dressing as a cell scaffold material for hASCs in order to develop a cell transplantation method free from animal-derived components for wound treatment.

Methods
Patient-derived hASCs were cultured on NFC wound dressing without cell adhesion coatings. Cell characteristics, including cell viability, morphology, cytoskeletal structure, proliferation potency, and mesenchymal cell and differentiation marker expression, were analyzed using cell viability assays, electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and quantitative or reverse transcriptase PCR. Student’s t test and one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc test were used to determine statistical significance.

Results
hASCs were able to adhere to NFC dressing and maintained high cell survival without cell adhesion coatings with a cell density-dependent manner for the studied period of 2 weeks. In addition, NFC dressing did not induce any remarkable cytotoxicity towards hASCs or alter the morphology, proliferation potency, filamentous actin structure, the expression of mesenchymal vimentin and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins collagen I and fibronectin, or the undifferentiated state of hASCs.

Conclusions
As a result, NFC wound dressing offers a functional cell culture platform for hASCs to be used further for in vivo wound healing studies in the future.
A novel construct with biomechanical flexibility for articular cartilage regeneration
Authors: Cheng Baixiang , Tu Teng , Shi Xiao , Liu Yanzheng , Zhao Ying , Zhao Yinhua , Li Yijie , Chen Hui , Chen Yongjin , Zhang Min 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough tissue-engineered cartilage has been broadly studied, complete integration of regenerated cartilage with residual cartilage is still difficult for the inferior mechanical and biochemical feature of neocartilage. Chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells can be induced by biophysical and biochemical factors.MethodsIn this study, autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane was used as a growth factor-rich scaffold that may facilitate differentiation of the transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). At the same time, hydrostatic pressure was adopted for pre-adjustment of the seed cells before transplantation that may promote the mechanical flexibility of neocartilage.ResultsAn in vitro study showed that the feasible hydrostatic pressure stimulation substantially promoted the chondrogenic potential of in vitro-cultured BMSC/PRF construct. In vivo results revealed that at every time point, the newborn tissues were the most favorable in the pressure-pretreated BMSC/PRF transplant group. Besides, the transplantation of feasible hydrostatic pressure-pretreated construct by BMSC sheet fragments and PRF granules could obviously improve the integration between the regenerated cartilage and host cartilage milieu, and thereby achieve boundaryless repair between the neocartilage and residual host cartilage tissue in rabbit temporomandibular joints. It could be concluded that feasible hydrostatic pressure may effectively promote the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in a BMSC/PRF construct.ConclusionThis newly formed construct with biomechanical flexibility showed a superior capacity for cartilage regeneration by promoting the mechanical properties and integration of neocartilage.