bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of principles governing dog health education in remote Aboriginal communities
Authors: Willis EM , Ross KE 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundConducting effective and culturally sensitive dog health education programs in Aboriginal communities requires an understanding of appropriate adult education and community development principles. Finding relevant material can be difficult, given that many of the available resources are in the ‘grey literature’.Aims and objectivesTo critically review publications addressing the principles governing dog health education in remote Aboriginal communities.MethodsA critical review was performed by searching English language peer‐reviewed and grey literature databases for papers published between 2010 and 2018. Besides a small number of peer‐reviewed papers, there was an extensive list of reports, educational material, guidelines and posters and pamphlets that illustrated the principles. Only a small amount of this grey literature was selected for the review. Selection was based on the publication illustrating a specific principle of dog health education. The material was organised around educational themes highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of these publications.ResultsFindings suggested that although relevant literature is scattered, there are clear processes for conducting culturally appropriate and effective dog health programs in Australian Indigenous communities. Two major principles were identified: acknowledging the effect on education of the ambiguity around the status of dogs in Aboriginal communities, and embedding programs within a social determinant of health framework or community development approach. These two principles provide guidance on negotiating educational sessions, the preparation of culturally appropriate materials, teaching sessions and what learning styles to foster and the use of a health promotion approach.ConclusionsSome contradictions exist within the literature, particularly around the use of images, and consistent with the first principle, a hesitancy to engage with Aboriginal people around the issue of dog health.
A Two-Stage Experimental Design for Dilution Assays
Authors: Ferguson Jake M. , Miura Tanya A. , Miller Craig R. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Dilution assays to determine solute concentration have found wide use in biomedical research. Many dilution assays return imprecise concentration estimates because they are only done to orders of magnitude. Previous statistical work has focused on how to design efficient experiments that can return more precise estimates, however this work has not considered the practical difficulties of implementing these designs in the laboratory. We developed a two-stage experiment with a first stage that obtains an order of magnitude estimate and a second stage that concentrates effort on the most informative dilution to increase estimator precision. We show using simulations and an empirical example that the best two-stage experimental designs yield estimates that are remarkably more accurate than standard methods with equivalent effort. This work demonstrates how to utilize previous advances in experimental design in a manner consistent with current laboratory practice. We expect that multi-stage designs will prove to be useful for obtaining precise estimates with minimal experimental effort.
Living with epilepsy in adolescence—A qualitative study of young people's experiences in Singapore: Peer socialization, autonomy, and self‐esteem
Authors: Chew Judith , Carpenter John , Haase Anne M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundSystematic reviews of quantitative research on the effects of childhood epilepsy have established its association with higher levels of psychiatric diagnosis, externalizing and internalizing problems, lower health‐related quality of life, social competence, and poorer academic achievements, compared with their peers. However, much less is known about young people's experiences of living with epilepsy and its impact on their development from their own perspectives.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 15 young people aged between 13 and 16 years. Participants were recruited as part of a larger mixed methods study examining individual and family influences on outcomes for young people with epilepsy. These young people attended an epilepsy clinic in KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. The framework approach to data management and analyses involved both inductive and deductive generation of themes.ResultsFindings from young people's interviews provided in‐depth descriptions of stressful circumstances encountered. Interconnectedness between severity of the impairment and its impact on key developmental tasks, such as independence, autonomy, and social development, were emphasized. Seizures and illness‐related demands disrupted their day‐to‐day functioning and challenged their abilities to meet these tasks. In addition to these impairment effects, young people's experiences of social exclusion were also affected by social and environmental factors, which act as systemic barriers to participation. In turn, this has an effect on their self‐esteem. Nevertheless, young people reported positive experiences, such as support from both family and friends, which served as protective factors against the stress of living with a chronic medical condition.ConclusionThe demands of epilepsy affect various domains of young people's lives. In order to obtain a holistic understanding of young people's inclusion or exclusion to participation, it is necessary to consider impairment effects, barriers to doing, and barriers to being.
Governance, sentiment analysis, and initial public offering underpricing
Authors: González Maximiliano , Guzmán Alexander , Tellez‐Falla Diego F. , Trujillo María Andrea 
Published: January 2019

AbstractResearch Question/IssueWhat is the relationship between governance, tone in language, and underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Latin America?Research Findings/InsightsWe find a positive (negative) and statistically significant relationship between board size (board independence) and IPO underpricing at the time firms go public. But more importantly, when interacting with corporate governance variables at the firm level, uncertainty in tone still shows statistical significance, which suggests that tone in communications matters for underpricing independently of governance provisions at the firm level.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsBigger boards seem to lead to greater underpricing, whereas more independent boards mitigate it. This finding stresses the relevance of functional convergence in regions with weak institutions such as Latin America. Our results also suggest that tone matters for underpricing even in firms with good governance practices. We argue that tone in corporate communications is a strong signaling mechanism for market participants.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur results suggest that tone in firms' communications is relevant for market valuation. In the context of family firms in an underresearched context such as Latin America, we show that reputation effect is priced by the market valuation of the IPO.
Dimorphic autoantigenic and protective effects of Reg2 peptide in the treatment of diabetic β‐cell loss
Authors: Yu Luting , Li Xiang , Zhang Zhiyuan , Du Pei , Liu Jun‐Li , Li Youjie , Yin Tianqi , Yu Weihong , Sun Hao , Wang Min , Luo Chen 
Published: January 2019

AimsThe potential effect of regenerating (Reg) proteins in the treatment of diabetes has been indicated in the past decade, but the clinical use of Reg proteins requires more advances in translational medicine. In the present study, we produced recombinant regenerating protein 2 (rReg2), to prove its protective effect against streptozocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes in BALB/c mice.Materials and MethodsrReg2 was administrated in STZ‐induced diabetic mice. Blood glucose, body weight, serum insulin and islet β‐cell loss were determined. However, Reg2 has also been reported to serve as an autoantigen that induces autoimmune attacks on islets and aggravates diabetic development in non‐obese diabetic mice. To address this contradiction, complete Freund's adjuvant was injected to generate a model that was hypersensitive to Reg2. In this model, islet CD8 T‐cell infiltration, serum Reg2 antibody and interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10, and splenic CD4+/interferon (IFN)‐γ+ T cells were determined.ResultsDirect rReg2 pretreatment preserved islet β‐cell mass against STZ and improved glycaemia, body weight and serum insulin content. The protection against cell death was further confirmed in cultured mouse islets and MIN6 cells. On the other hand, significant elevations of serum Reg2 antibody and splenic CD4+/IFN‐γ+ T cells, and decreases in serum IL‐4 and IL‐10 were detected in rReg2‐vaccinated mice, which may contribute to the accelerated diabetes. Interestingly, these mice, upon further rReg2 treatment, exhibited alleviated diabetic conditions with less islet CD8+ T‐cell infiltration.ConclusionrReg2 treatment ameliorated STZ‐induced diabetes in normal BALB/c mice. By contrast, rReg2 vaccination exacerbated, but further rReg2 treatment alleviated, the severity of STZ‐induced diabetes. Thus, the protective effect of rReg2 is predominant over the autoantigenic β‐cell destruction, supporting the potential of rReg2 in the clinical treatment of diabetes.
The left ventricle in atrial septal defect: Looking through 3D glasses
Authors: Mohanty Sweta , Solomon Angel 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo identify left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony and associated factors in atrial septal defect (ASD) patients, using real time three‐dimensional echocardiogram (RT3DE).BackgroundLeft ventricular dysfunction has been observed in ASD. Few studies have utilized RT3DE to assess LV wall‐motion abnormality in ASD.MethodsPatients aged ≥1 year with ASD, with or without partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD), were included over 1 year. Additional cardiac defects or abnormalities independently affecting LV function were excluded. 2DE and RT3DE‐derived LV function data were recorded. Student's t test and Pearson's correlation were used for analysis.ResultsOf 104 patients (69 females) aged 1–57 years, ostium secundum ASD was present in 97 and sinus venosus ASD in 7. Maximum excursion increased significantly with age, weight, and body surface area (P < 0.001). Majority of children (58%) aged 3–5 years showed no delay in segmental excursion. Lateral wall excursional delay was greater beyond 5 years or with weight > 15 kg (42% as compared to 20% in <15 kg). In patients weighing < 15 kg, time to minimum systolic volume (Tmsv 16‐SD) was higher with PAPVD and with indexed defect size > 40 mm/m2, though not statistically significant. As compared to EF estimation by 2DE, EF derived using RT3DE was significantly lower (P < 0.001).ConclusionLeft ventricular dyssynchrony is least between 3 and 5 years. Beyond 5 years, delayed lateral wall excursion is seen. With an indexed defect size exceeding 40 mm/m2, and in the presence of PAPVD, time to minimum systolic volume is higher.
Perceived stress mediates the relationship between social adaptation and quality of life in individuals at ultra high risk of psychosis
Authors: Ortega Laura , Montalvo Itziar , Monseny Rosa , Vilella Elisabet , Labad Javier 
Published: January 2019

AimQuality of life (QoL) and social functioning have emerged as good predictors of the outcome of psychotic disorders. Poor QoL and social functioning are usually present before the onset of the first episode of psychosis. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between social adaptation and QoL in young people at risk of psychosis (ultra‐high‐risk, UHR) and healthy controls (HCs), and to investigate potential mediating effects of stress measures (perceived stress, stressful life events).MethodsThe study included 55 UHR subjects and 40 HC. Social functioning was assessed with the Social Adaptation Self‐evaluation Scale (SASS). Stress measures included the assessment of stressful life events and perceived stress. We compared stress and QoL measures between UHR and HC, and also compared UHR with low or normal social adaptation. A mediation analysis was performed to explore whether stress measures mediated the relationship between social adaptation and QoL.ResultsUHR were less frequently employed and reported more stress, poorer QoL and lower social adaptation than HC. QoL and social adaptation were associated with stress measures. UHR with low social adaptation reported more perceived stress and less QoL than UHR with normal social adaptation and HC. Perceived stress mediated the relationship between social adaptation and QoL.ConclusionsSocial adaptation is less developed in UHR subjects than in healthy subjects and has a negative impact on quality of life. This association is mediated by perceived stress.
Relationship between fish assemblage and angler catch in the Sulejów Reservoir, central Poland, in the context of a warming climate
Authors: Kaczkowski Zbigniew , Frankiewicz Piotr , Góralczyk Aleksander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Pilica River has warmed at a rate of 0.06°C per year since 1969, threatening the ecological services provided by the Sulejów Reservoir. Gillnet sampling revealed that the reservoir is inhabited by a cyprinid‐dominated fish assemblage with roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.) (42% of the total biomass), the dominant species. However, the interest of the anglers was primarily focused on common bream, Abramis brama (L.) (almost 65% of the catch), as revealed by the catch statistics (2004–2014). No direct evidence was found that the temperature increase had an influence on the recreational fishery or fish assemblage structure. On the other hand, changes in the fish assemblage that were reflected in angler catch composition were observed. A decrease in the catch of common bream in gillnets was accompanied by a shift in angler choices towards roach and other fish species. The sustainability of recreational fisheries is more likely to be influenced by changes in the economic status of society, water quality (toxic cyanobacteria blooms) and water management practices in Poland. The question arises about which species will dominate in the impoundment in the future if the warming trend continues and common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., stocking is maintained.
Sports participation and physical activity in adult Dutch and Swedish patients with severe haemophilia: A comparison between intermediate‐ and high‐dose prophylaxis
Authors: Versloot Olav , Berntorp Erik , Petrini Pia , Ljung Rolf , Astermark Jan , Holmström Margareta , de Kleijn Piet , Fischer Kathelijn 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionDifferences in treatment and outcome have been reported for persons with haemophilia (PWH) on intermediate‐dose (Dutch) and high‐dose (Swedish) prophylaxis, but the potential influence of sports participation has not been considered.AimTo compare sports participation and clinical outcome between adult Dutch and Swedish PWH.MethodsSelf‐reported sports participation (type and frequency per week), physical functioning (SF‐36PF: 100‐0), joint status (HJHS: 0‐144), perceived limitations (HALsum: 100‐0) and physical activity (IPAQ) were recorded. Sports were classified according to National Haemophilia Foundation classification (5 categories, highest two were classified as high‐risk sports). Sports participation and clinical outcome were compared according to country and age (18‐22, 23‐29, 30‐40 years) using non‐parametric tests and Spearman correlations (rho).ResultsSeventy‐one adult PWH (NL: 43, SWE: 28) completed sports questionnaires (mean age: 26 years). All participants engaged in sports, including 59.2% in high‐risk sports (33.9% twice weekly). Dutch PWH showed a significant age‐related decline in (high‐risk) sports participation (7x/wk in PWH 18‐22 years to 2x/wk in PWH 30‐40 years, P < 0.05), joint health (HJHS: median 2‐15.5, P < 0.01) and physical functioning (SF‐36PF: median 100 to 77.5, P < 0.01), while Swedish did not. Sports participation was not associated with bleeding (Spearman's rho = −0.119).ConclusionAll participants reported sports participation, including 59.2% in high‐risk sports. Dutch PWH treated with intermediate‐dose prophylaxis showed an age‐related decline in sports participation, joint status and physical functioning, whereas Swedish PWH on high‐dose prophylaxis did not. Sports participation was not associated with bleeding.
Invasive cervical cancer in HIV‐infected women: risk and survival relative to those of the general population in France. Results from the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH)–Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS) CO4 cohort study
Authors: Grabar S. , Hleyhel M. , Belot A. , Bouvier A.‐M. , Tattevin P. , Pacanowski J. , Genet P. , Pradier C. , Salmon D. , Simon A. , Pourcher V. , Spano J.‐P. , Poizot‐Martin I. , Costagliola D. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesWe examined trends in the incidence rates of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and in the rate of survival after ICC among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in France and compared them to those of the general population.MethodsHistologically validated incident cases of ICC in the period 1992–2009 from the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH‐ANRS CO4) were included in the study. Age‐standardized incidence rates were estimated for FHDH and the general population in France for 1992–1996 [pre‐combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) period], 1997–2000 (early cART period), 2001–2004 (intermediate cART period), and 2005–2009 (late cART period). Age‐standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated. Five‐year survival was compared with that of the general population for ICC diagnosed in 2005–2009 after standardization for age.ResultsAmong 28 977 WLHIV, 60 incident ICCs were histologically validated. There was a nonsignificant decreasing trend for the incidence across the cART periods (P = 0.07), from 60 to 36/100 000 person‐years. The risk of ICC was consistently significantly higher in WLHIV than in the general population; the SIR was 5.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0–8.9] during the pre‐cART period and 3.3 (95% CI 2.2–4.7) in 2005–2009. Survival after ICC did not improve across periods (log‐rank P = 0.14), with overall estimated 5‐year survival of 78% (95% CI 0.67–0.89%). Five‐year survival was similar for WLHIV and the general population for women diagnosed with ICC in 2005–2009, after standardization (P = 0.45).ConclusionsICC risk is still more than three times higher in WLHIV than in the general population. Survival after ICC did not improve over time and was similar to that of the general population during the most recent period. Such results call for promotion of the uptake of screening in WLHIV.
HIV coinfection among persons diagnosed with hepatitis B in England in 2008–2014
Authors: Ireland G , Simmons R , Balogun K , Kirwan P , Sabin CA , Ramsay M , Delpech V , Mandal S 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to estimate HIV prevalence among persons with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in England and to examine associated risk factors.MethodsPersons aged ≥ 15 years with an HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) test reported to Public Health England (PHE) sentinel surveillance during 2008–2014 were linked to the PHE national HIV/AIDS database. Coinfection was defined as an HIV diagnosis prior to, or within 6 months following, a positive HBsAg test.ResultsDuring 2008–2014, 2 149 933 persons were tested for HBsAg and 3.9% (1129 of 28 789) of HBsAg‐positive persons were HIV positive. The probable route of HIV infection was heterosexual exposure for 95.3% of female patients and 32.3% of male patients, with 61.5% of male patients reporting sex between men. Among African‐born coinfected persons, 84% probably acquired HIV there. Predictors of HIV positivity included older age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.1] and being of black ethnicity (aOR 15.5 for males; aOR 16.4 for females) or being male and of white ethnicity (aOR 8.2) compared with being female and of white ethnicity. HIV coinfection was more likely when HBV was diagnosed in sexual health (aOR 55.0), specialist liver (aOR 6.7), emergency department (aOR 5.3) and renal services (aOR 2.8) compared with general practice. Most (60.4%; 682 of 1129) coinfected persons were diagnosed with HIV infection > 6 months before HBV diagnosis.ConclusionsPersons testing positive for HBsAg had a low HIV infection rate and fell largely into two groups: those of black ethnicity with probable Africa‐acquired infections and white men who have sex with men (MSM) with probable UK‐acquired infections. Findings reinforce existing recommendations to sustain and improve both HBV testing of migrants from HBV‐prevalent countries and vaccination among HIV‐positive MSM. Findings also support blood‐borne virus testing in sexual health services and emergency departments.
MARKETS, EXTERNALITIES, AND THE DYNAMIC GAINS OF OPENNESS
Authors: Monge‐Naranjo Alexander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInflows of foreign knowledge are key for developing countries to catch up with the world technology frontier. I construct a model to analyze the entry decisions of foreign firms and the incentives of domestic firms to invest in their own know‐how, given the exposure to foreign ideas and competition. The model embeds two diffusion mechanisms typically considered separately in the literature: externalities and markets. I find that openness allows developing countries to fully catch up only when market transactions dominate the diffusion of ideas. Externalities are never enough to catch up and may lead to losses in income and welfare.
MISMATCH IN HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
Authors: Cooper Russell , Liu Huacong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article studies the allocation of heterogeneous agents to levels of educational attainment. The goal is to understand the magnitudes and sources of mismatch in this assignment, both in theory and in the data. The article presents evidence of substantial mismatch between ability and educational attainment across 21 OECD countries, with a main focus on Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United States. Model parameters are estimated using a simulated method of moments approach. The main empirical finding is that measured mismatch arises largely from noise in test scores and does not reflect borrowing constraints. Taste shocks play a minor role in explaining mismatch.
Biggest decision of them all – death and assisted dying: capacity assessments and undue influence screening
Authors: Peisah Carmelle , Sheahan Linda , White Ben P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractArguably, deciding the timing and manner of one’s death is the biggest decision of all. With the Victorian Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 commencing in 2019, assessing capacity to choose Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) becomes a critical issue for clinicians in Victoria, and elsewhere with on‐going efforts to change the law across Australia and in New Zealand. We consider how capacity assessment and undue influence screening can be approached for VAD, the role and risks of supported decision‐making, and argue for the importance of training to ensure health care professionals are educated about their role.