bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure-induced phase transition of La2Zr2O7 and La0.5Gd1.5Zr2O7 pyrochlore
Authors: Niu Jingjing , Wu Xiang , Zhang Haibin , Qin Shan 
Published: June 2019

In situ high-pressure experiments on La2Zr2O7 and La0.5Gd1.5Zr2O7 have been carried out at up to approximately 40 GPa using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy combined with a diamond anvil cell technique.
Control of growth factor signalling by MACPF proteins
Authors: Bakopoulos Daniel , Whisstock James C. , Johnson Travis K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMembers of the membrane attack complex/perforin-like (MACPF) protein superfamily have long captured interest because of their unique ability to assemble into large oligomeric pores on the surfaces of cells. The best characterised of these act in vertebrate immunity where they function to deliver pro-apoptotic factors or induce the cytolysis and death of targeted cells. Less appreciated, however, is that rather than causing cell death, MACPF proteins have also evolved to control cellular signalling pathways and influence developmental programmes such as pattern formation and neurogenesis. Torso-like (Tsl) from the fruit fly Drosophila, for example, functions to localise the activity of a growth factor for patterning its embryonic termini. It remains unclear whether these developmental proteins employ an attenuated form of the classical MACPF lytic pore, or if they have evolved to function via alternative mechanisms of action. In this minireview, we examine the evidence that links pore-forming MACPF proteins to the control of growth factor and cytokine signalling. We will then attempt to reconcile how the MACPF domain may have been repurposed during evolution for developmental events rather than cell killing.
TET enzymes, DNA demethylation and pluripotency
Authors: Ross Samuel E. , Bogdanovic Ozren 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenases (TET1, TET2, TET3) actively cause demethylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and produce and safeguard hypomethylation at key regulatory regions across the genome. This 5mC erasure is particularly important in pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as they need to maintain self-renewal capabilities while retaining the potential to generate different cell types with diverse 5mC patterns. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of TET proteins in mouse ESCs, and other vertebrate model systems, with a particular focus on TET functions in pluripotency, differentiation, and developmental DNA methylome reprogramming. Furthermore, we elaborate on the recently described non-catalytic roles of TET proteins in diverse biological contexts. Overall, TET proteins are multifunctional regulators that through both their catalytic and non-catalytic roles carry out myriad functions linked to early developmental processes.
Re-exploring Molecular Complexity with ALMA (ReMoCA): interstellar detection of urea
Authors: Belloche A. , Garrod R. T. , Müller H. S. P. , Menten K. M. , Medvedev I. , Thomas J. , Kisiel Z. 
Published: June 2019

Context. Urea, NH2C(O)NH2, is a molecule of great importance in organic chemistry and biology. Two searches for urea in the interstellar medium have been reported in the past, but neither were conclusive.
Aims. We want to take advantage of the increased sensitivity and angular resolution provided by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to search for urea toward the hot molecular cores embedded in the high-mass-star-forming region Sgr B2(N).
Methods. We used the new spectral line survey named ReMoCA (Re-exploring Molecular Complexity with ALMA) that was performed toward Sgr B2(N) with ALMA in its observing cycle 4 between 84 and 114 GHz. The spectra were analyzed under the local thermodynamic equilibrium approximation. We constructed a full synthetic spectrum that includes all the molecules identified so far. We used new spectroscopic predictions for urea in its vibrational ground state and first vibrationally excited state to search for this complex organic molecule in the ReMoCA data set. We employed the gas-grain chemical kinetics model MAGICKAL to interpret the astronomical observations.
Results. We report the secure detection of urea toward the hot core Sgr B2(N1) at a position called N1S slightly offset from the continuum peak, which avoids obscuration by the dust. The identification of urea relies on nine clearly detected transitions. We derive a column density of 2.7 × 1016 cm−2 for urea, two orders of magnitude lower than the column density of formamide, and one order of magnitude below that of methyl isocyanate, acetamide, and N-methylformamide. The latter molecule is reliably identified toward N1S with 60 clearly detected lines, confirming an earlier claim of its tentative interstellar detection. We report the first interstellar detections of NH2CH18O and 15NH2CHO. We also report the nondetection of urea toward the secondary hot core Sgr B2(N2) with an abundance relative to the other four species at least one order of magnitude lower than toward the main hot core. Our chemical model roughly reproduces the relative abundances of formamide, methyl isocyanate, acetamide, and N-methylformamide, but it overproduces urea by at least one order of magnitude.
Conclusions. Urea is clearly detected in one of the hot cores. Comparing the full chemical composition of Sgr B2(N1S) and Sgr B2(N2) may help understand why urea is at least one order of magnitude less abundant in the latter source.
Long-Term Treatment with Calcitriol in Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism Leads to Renal Function Decline
Authors: Coudenys Elien , Van Meerhaeghe Tess , Unuane David , Buyl Ronald , Bravenboer Bert 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disease with insufficient parathyroid hormone levels. Replacing the missing hormone is not yet a standard therapy. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate if the usual therapy regimens of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism with calcitriol have a negative effect on renal function. We performed a chart analysis of patients who were seen in a tertiary care hospital in Brussels, Belgium. A total of 101 subjects were identified as patients with permanent post-surgical hypoparathyroidism, based on the hospital records of patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy between 1996 and 2016, while still being treated with calcitriol. Patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency and/or active malignancy were excluded. The cohort was predominantly female of Caucasian origin. Renal function was evaluated before and after surgery (with a maximum follow-up of 12 years), using the CKD-EPI equation. A multivariate linear regression model was used to correlate renal function decline with the duration of calcitriol therapy, while correcting for the mean calcium phosphate product and age. We found a statistically significant (p=0.027) relationship between the duration of calcitriol treatment and renal function decline at a rate of 1.06 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year of calcitriol therapy. Our study, although being retrospective, is the first one to demonstrate a relationship between the cumulative use of calcitriol therapy and renal function decline.
Pseudopancreatic Cyst Extending into the Mediastinum in a 7-Year-Old Child
Authors: Kotb Mostafa , Oshiba Ahmed , Ashour Khaled 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMediastinal pseudopancreatic cyst (MPP) is the extension of a pancreatic pseudocyst through esophageal or aortic hiatus into the posterior mediastinum. It can produce a range of manifestations caused by compression by the cyst, for instance, odynophagia, dysphagia, pericardial, or pleural effusion. Here we report a case of MPP in a 7-year-old child who was presented with repeated chest infections and left pleural effusion. It was successfully drained by cystogastrostomy.
Suspected Involvement of Fentanyl in Prior Overdoses and Engagement in Harm Reduction Practices among Young Adults who use Drugs
Authors: Goldman Jacqueline E. , Krieger Maxwell S. , Buxton Jane A. , Lysyshyn Mark , Sherman Susan G. , Green Traci C. , Bernstein Edward , Hadland Scott E. , Marshall Brandon D. L. 
Published: June 2019

Background From 2011 to 2016, the United States has experienced a 55% increase in overall overdose deaths and a 260% increase in fatal fentanyl-related overdoses. Increasing engagement in harm reduction practices is essential to reducing the rate of fentanyl-related overdoses. This study sought to examine the uptake of harm reduction practices among young adults who reported recent drug use and who were recruited for a study to assess the utility and acceptability of rapid fentanyl test strips. Methods Between May and October 2017, 93 young adults who reported drug use in the past 30 days were recruited through word of mouth, Internet advertising, and public canvasing. Participants completed an interviewer-administered survey that assessed participants’ sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, suspected fentanyl exposure, and overdose history. We assessed harm reduction practices and other correlates associated with experiencing a suspected fentanyl-related overdose. Results Of 93 eligible participants, 36% ( n = 34) reported ever having experienced an overdose, among whom 53% ( n = 18) suspected having experienced a fentanyl-related overdose. Participants who had ever experienced a fentanyl-related overdose were more likely to keep naloxone nearby when using drugs compared with those who had never experienced an overdose and those who had experienced an overdose that they did not suspect was related to fentanyl ( P < .001). Additionally, experiencing a suspected fentanyl-related overdose was associated with having previously administered naloxone to someone else experiencing an overdose ( P < .001). Conclusion Those who had experienced a suspected fentanyl-related overdose were more likely to carry and administer naloxone. Future overdose prevention interventions should involve persons who have experienced a suspected fentanyl overdose and/or responded to an overdose in order to develop harm reduction programs that meet the needs of those at risk of an overdose.
Article Commentary: Beyond the 12 Steps: Integrating Chaplaincy Services into Veteran Affairs Substance use Specialty Care
Authors: Earl Brian S. W. , Klee Anne , Cooke James D. , Edens Ellen L. 
Published: June 2019

Background Interprofessional training is increasing in focus within medical education. Although substance use treatment has long been interprofessional in nature, chaplaincy has been relatively absent in outpatient settings. Since 2013, the Veterans Health Administration has supported an Interprofessional Advanced Fellowship in Addiction Treatment (IAFAT), with 7 sites nationally recruiting across multiple health care disciplines. In the fall of 2017, Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System (VACHS) became the first such fellowship to expand its recruitment to include chaplain fellows. We seek to share rationale for recruiting chaplains, current curriculum and curricular needs, and the potential roles of chaplains in outpatient addiction treatment. Methods Collaborating with the office of chaplaincy education, we describe the process of chaplain recruitment, incorporation into a new treatment setting, and supervision, and we report on the feasibility of this innovative training initiative. Results During the first year, the chaplain fellow has developed and maintained a new clinical service in an outpatient substance use disorder (SUD) specialty care setting, delivering over 150 hours of group and individual treatment to veterans. He has provided 12 presentations to staff on the role of a chaplain and other related topics, as well as written an article on the topic of addiction for a clergy audience. Anecdotally, staff satisfaction has been high, and the current chaplain is helping to recruit for his replacement. Limitations: As a feasibility pilot project, there is no outcome and very limited quantitative data. Conclusions Chaplain fellows can be successfully incorporated into outpatient SUD clinics with a noticeable degree of fellow, staff, and patient satisfaction.
Two Novel Approaches Based on the Thompson Theory and Shape Analysis for Determination of Equilibrium Structures of Nanoclusters: Cu8, Ag8 and Ag18 as study cases
Authors: Arias Elkin , Jose Caro-Lopera Francisco , Flórez Elizabeth , Fredy Pérez-Torres Jhon 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Two new efficient methods for finding stable atomic clusters are introduced in this work. A purely algebraic and geometrical approach based on shape analysis provides a consistent set for optimization of structures which converge to local and global low-energy configurations. A second proposal based on the Thompson theory gives also candidate structures which became in equilibrium faster than the standard stochastic search models. The performance of the approaches is compared in three metal atomic clusters involving magic numbers. Both methods find the global and local low-energy structures reported in literature, but also obtain new structures. For Cu8, Ag8 and Ag18 the shape analysis method provides more structures than the approach based on Thompson theory.
Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaf extract: A green stabilizing agent in synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Morales Gladis , Campillo Gloria , Vélez Ederley , Urquijo Jeaneth , Hincapié César , Osorio Jaime 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been increasingly extended due to its potential applications in fields such as optics, environmental, catalysis, electronics and as an antibacterial agent. In this way it is necessary to develop methods framed in green chemistry to achieve greater stability over time of the AgNPs. The present work aims to show the synthesis of AgNPs using Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaf extract, as a reducing and stabilizing agent. UV–vis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize AgNPs obtained. The absorbance of solutions was measured, evidencing of the formation of AgNPs due to the existence of plasmon resonance at that λmax ∼ 417 nm. The size distribution and morphology of the AgNPs by TEM shows stable, spherical and nomodispersar nanoparticles with a size between 4 and 12 nm.
The measurements were carried out immediately after the synthesis procedure, then the AgNPs solutions were stored at room temperature and darkness by 27 months and it could be corroborated the stabilizing capacity of Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaf extract, since the λmax and the size of particle did not vary significatively in this period of time.
Green synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Aloe vera and Kalanchoe daigremontiana to remove divalent mercury from natural waters
Authors: Morales Gladis , Campillo Gloria , Vélez Ederley , Osorio Jaime , Urquijo Jeaneth , Andrés Velásquez Álvaro 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, magnetic nanoparticles of magnetite were prepared by an eco-friendly method using aqueous leaf extracts of Aloe vera and Kalanchoe daigremontiana. These vegetal extracts have suitable characteristics such as high availability, low cost, and serve as good colloidal stabilizers. Synthetized products were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Room Temperature Mossbauer Spectroscopy (RT-MS), and their potential use as adsorbents for Hg (II) removal in natural waters was evaluated by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Size distribution and morphology of the products obtained by TEM show spherical nanoparticles composites, with sizes between 3 and 10 nm for both extracts. Mossbauer spectra are consistent with superparamagnetic particles for both samples. Moreover, particles from both extracts showed mercury removal efficiencies above 75%.
Spectrograms comparison between normal and abnormal signal of in vivo mammary tissue, obtained by back-scattering infrared light
Authors: Janeth Fernández P , Mendoza Arias Mónica Andrea , Gomez-Torrado A , Miranda David A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
High breast cancer incidence and mortality rates in Colombian women motivated the research group CIMBIOS to develop methodologies for early detection of cancer. To this aim, a method to study alterations in breast tissue has been proposed by CIMBIOS. Colombian invention patent application No NC2017 / 0003413 describes its method. A technological design called FEDSA emerged from this process. With FEDSA, the breast was irradiated in vivo (near infrared), and the back-scattering light by tissue was measured. Twenty-four women with seventeen normal and seven abnormal diagnoses were studied with this device, and intensity as a function of time was obtained for them. Data pre-processing to eliminate white noise was implemented, and fast Fourier transforms with two sampling windows, 512 and 1024, was applied. With the squared magnitude of the FFT, 1104 spectrograms were constructed, or 48 spectrograms per patient. Abnormal and normal spectrogram were labeled according to their clinical history, and these data were ordered by sampling window and frequency. Differences between normal and abnormal tissue in the breast quadrants were found with the statistical method ANOVA. In the breasts, outer upper and lower quadrant, and inner upper right in abnormal and normal women were different with p<0.05. These results agree with the clinical history of patients with abnormal classification.
Tunneling I-V Characteristics for a Superconductor-Insulator-Half metal Junction
Authors: Mamian A , Heiras J , Bolaños G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Half-metals are compounds with a 100% spin polarization in one direction: they are metallic for one spin direction but insulators, or semiconductors, for the other direction. From the viewpoint of the density of states (DOS) it is finite at the Fermi level for one spin direction and negligible small for the other. In this work the current vs. voltage characteristics I-V, for a Superconductor- Insulator-Half metal have been calculated with a simple and straightforward procedure which essentially involves a product of the corresponding DOS for the electrodes of the junction. Nb, a BCS superconductor, and CrO2, a well-known half-metal, have been considered as electrodes which are separated by a perfect insulator to form the SC-I-HM tunnel junction. Our results show that the I-V characteristics for a SC-I-HM junction are useful for obtaining the majority spin part of the DOS and the gap for the minority spin part or as an experimental confirmation of theoretical calculation of DOS for a half-metal; furthermore, such junctions may be used as a spin valve for certain polarization voltages or as a component of a more sophisticated spintronic device.
Study of APS and conventional sintering parameters for the manufacture of TiO2 targets for PAPVD
Authors: Jaramillo Raquejo D. , Palacio C. C. , Ageorges H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In surface science of functional oxides, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most investigated crystalline systems either in rutile or anatase phases. In this work commercial TiO2 powders are used to study the required process conditions to obtain TiO2 targets by Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) and conventional sintering, with suitable physical and chemical properties to be source material for Plasma Assisted Physical Vapor Deposition (PAPVD) for technological and medical applications. Two three factor Box Behnken experimental designs combined with surface modeling were employed to estimate the influence of spraying parameters (gun current, Ar/H2 ratio and standoff distance) and sintering parameters (heating rate, sintering temperature and holding time) within the targets microstructure (cracks and pores in cross section) and phases composition. The microstructure and composition of APS-deposited targets and sintered ones were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The lowest defects percentages of the targets manufactured in this work were 0.41 ± 0.30 % for APS-deposited targets and 0.05 ± 0.04 % for the sintered ones using the optimal parameters suggested by the statistical model, which allowed confirming the advantages of sintering process and limitations of APS in terms of microstructural homogeneity, but also of the use of design of experiments in the modeling of systems of many variables when there is not diagnostic equipment of the processes available.
Generation of optical solitons produced by QDs propagated in an optical fiber. A theoretical study
Authors: Espejo-Bayona L. , Horta S D , Avila D A , Sierra-Ortega J. , Torres C. O. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This research study was focused on the generation of optical solitons from an assembly of conical morphology quantum dots of GaAs. The interaction between a linearly polarized plane wave coming from a light source on a quantum dots assembly was considered for the development of the theoretical analysis. The non-linear Schrödinger equation was solved numerically through a code in Matlab, which allowed to describe the behavior of the propagation of the optical solitons in a non-linear optical fiber.
Development of a radio telescope for the observation of celestial bodies in the Ku Band
Authors: Sebastian Vallejo Higuita Juan , Andrés Quintero Salazar Edwin , Darío Arellano Ramírez Iván 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Solar events such as flares or explosions present intense radiation in the KU band (10-12) GHz, the range in which satellite television operates. Subsequently, the development of radio telescopes that make use of elements present in satellite television due to its low cost is evident around the world. The radio telescope in the study is, composed of a reflective mesh antenna, a mount that allows for remote operation, a Low Noise Block, and a satellite search engine. The system is installed in the Astronomical Observatory of the Technological University of Pereira and has a freedom of movement of 360° in azimuth and 180° in altitude, with a resolution of 0.2°. The set-up of the radio telescope was done by observing television satellites and registering the Solar transit. The developed radio telescope is easily scalable thanks to its modular architecture. Additionally, it is stable in adverse weather conditions because of its mesh antenna.
Facile method to functionalize graphene oxide with variable load of magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Gómez Iván , Cabanzo Rafael , Mejía-Ospino Enrique 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A facile route for the functionalization in situ of graphene oxide with magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@GO) was developed. We used graphene oxide with different oxidation time (12 and 24 hours) and each one was functionalized with different proportions of Fe3O4 nanoparticles modifying the load of the iron precursor (FeSO4.7H2O). The as-synthesized materials were characterized by multiple spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, Raman, DRX, XPS) to demonstrate the successful attachment of iron oxide nanoparticle on graphene oxide sheets. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that magnetite NPs were firmly decorated on the surfaces of graphene oxides with the mean diameter of about 7 nm. The magnetometry studies showed ferromagnetic behaviour of all composites in the range of 44-66 emu/g at room temperature.