bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA‐146a and Hey2 form a mutual negative feedback loop to regulate the inflammatory response in chronic apical periodontitis
Authors: Lina Shao , Lihong Qiu , Di Yang , Bo Yu , Xiaolin Li , Jing Mi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractChronic apical periodontitis (CAP) is defined as chronic inflammation of the dental pulp and root canal system. Porphyromonas endodontalis lipopolysaccharide (
P. endodontalis LPS) plays an important role in inducing an inflammatory response in CAP. microRNA‐146a (miR‐146a) is a key regulator of inflammation and is induced by LPS. Hairy and enhancer‐of‐split related with YRPW motif 2 (Hey2) has been confirmed to be induced by the Notch signaling pathway, which is involved in tooth development, pulp regeneration, and repair after injury. Our study aimed to investigate the functional role of miR‐146a via the targeting of Hey2 in CAP as well as the underlying mechanism. Compared with 13 healthy controls, miR‐146a and Hey2 expressions were significantly higher in 20 patients with CAP. In addition, miR‐146a, Hey2, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α expressions were significantly increased in MC3T3‐E1 cells stimulated with different concentrations (0‐20 μg/mL) of P. endodontalis LPS for different amounts of time (0‐48 hours). Moreover, miR‐146a, which acts as an anti‐inflammatory mediator, negatively regulated the expression of IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α, and Hey2 was confirmed as a target gene of miR‐146a by a luciferase reporter assay. Hey2 also negatively regulated miR‐146a, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α expressions, and P. endodontalis LPS strongly induced Hey2 recruitment to the IL‐6 promoter (−400 ~ −200 bp). These findings suggest that miR‐146a and Hey2 form a mutual negative feedback regulatory loop, demonstrating a novel mechanism that regulates inflammatory responses in CAP.
Improving ruminal digestibility of various wheat straw types by white‐rot fungi
Authors: Nayan Nazri , van Erven Gijs , Kabel Mirjam A , Sonnenberg Anton SM , Hendriks Wouter H , Cone John W 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the ruminal degradability of various wheat straw types by the white‐rot fungi Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CS) and Lentinula edodes (LE). Different cultivars (CV) of wheat straw at different maturity stages (MS) were treated with the fungi for 7 weeks and assessed for chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP).RESULTSBoth fungi showed a more pronounced degradation of lignin on a more mature straw (MS3; 89.0%) in comparison with the straw harvested at an earlier stage (MS1; 70.7%). Quantitative pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, using 13C lignin as an internal standard 13C‐IS Py‐GC/MS revealed that lignin in more mature straw was degraded and modified to a greater extent. In contrast, cellulose was less degraded in MS3, as compared to MS1 (8.3% versus 14.6%). There was no effect of different MS on the IVGP of the fungus‐treated straws. Among the different straw cultivars, the extent of lignin degradation varied greatly (47% to 93.5%). This may explain the significant (P < 0.001) effect of cultivar on the IVGP of the fungal‐treated straws. Regardless of the factors tested, both fungi were very capable of improving the IVGP of all straw types by 15.3% to 47.6%, (as compared to untreated straw), with CS performing better than LE – on different MS (33.6% versus 20.4%) and CVs (43.2% versus 29.1%).CONCLUSIONThe extent of lignin degradation caused by fungal treatment was more pronounced on the more mature and lignified straw, while variable results were obtained with different cultivars. Both fungi were capable of improving the IVGP of various straw types. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with dispersive solid‐phase extraction for gas chromatography with mass spectrometry determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous matrices
Authors: Mohd Hassan Farah Wahidah , Muggundha Raoov  , Kamaruzaman Sazlinda , Sanagi Mohd Marsin , Yoshida Nao , Hirota Yuichiro , Nishiyama Norikazu , Yahaya Noorfatimah 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study describes a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with dispersive solid‐phase extraction method based on phenyl‐functionalized magnetic sorbent for the preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water, sugarcane juice, and tea samples prior to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis. Several important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly, including the mass of sorbent, type and volume of extraction solvent, extraction time, type of desorption solvent, desorption time, type and amount of salt‐induced demulsifier, and sample volume. Under the optimized extraction and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometric conditions, the method revealed good linearity (10–100000 ng/L) with coefficient of determination (R2) of ≥0.9951, low limits of detection (3–16 ng/L), high enrichment factors (61–239), and satisfactory analyte recoveries (86.3–109.1%) with the relative standard deviations < 10% (n = 5). The entire sample preparation procedure was simple, rapid and can be accomplished within 10 min. This method was applied (after pretreatment) to 30 selected samples, and the presence of studied analytes was quantified in 17 samples.
Reversible Electrochemical Intercalation and Deintercalation of Fluoride Ions into Host Lattices with Schafarzikite‐Type Structure
Authors: Nowroozi Mohammad Ali , de Laune Benjamin , Clemens Oliver 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHerein, we report the successful electrochemical fluorination and defluorination of schafarzikite‐type compounds with the composition Fe0.5M0.5Sb2O4 (M=Mg or Co). We show that electrochemical methods can present a more controllable and less environmentally damaging route for fluorinating compounds in contrast to traditional methods that involve heating samples in F2‐rich atmospheres. The reactivity of the host lattices with fluoride during electrochemical fluorination makes this material an interesting candidate for fluoride‐ion battery applications. However, deleterious side reactions with the conductive carbon matrix during fluorination suggests to the contrary. Regardless of the side reactions, the schafarzikite structure was found to be an alternative reversible host lattice for fluoride incorporation and removal in addition to the previously reported Ruddlesden–Popper‐type compounds.
Specific Residue Interactions Regulate the Binding of Dengue Antigens to Broadly Neutralizing EDE Antibodies
Authors: Lapelosa Mauro , Burrone Oscar , Rocchia Walter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAntibodies binding to antigens present on the dengue virus (DENV) represent the main defense mechanism of the host organism against the pathogen. Among the antibodies elicited by DENV and that bind to DII of protein E, EDE1‐C8 can bind all DENV serotypes. Our analysis reveals the key residues in this interaction as well as structurally conserved hydrogen bonds located at the binding interface. They stabilize the dengue antigen–antibody complex among the EDE1 group of antibodies (Abs). Combining structural alignments with molecular dynamics simulations in the EDE1 Abs, we identified the critical elements that provide a major energetic contribution to the association of antigens from protein E with Abs. We discuss possible molecular insights into the binding mechanism by using a surrogate molecular entity resembling the protein E that forms native salt bridges and hydrogen bonds, including inferences on the light of high‐resolution crystal structures of dengue Fab complexes. Finally, the molecular determinants, the free energy profile, and the binding mechanism provide inspiration for potential strategies in protein engineering to design novel immunogens of protein E against DENV.
Pulmonary hemorrhage in infancy: A 10‐year single‐center experience
Authors: Welsh Sebastian K. , Casey Alicia M. , Fishman Martha P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimPulmonary hemorrhage in infancy is rare, with challenges in determining its incidence, causes, and outcomes across diverse groups. Our aim was to better understand the incidence and identified causes. We further analyzed the subgroup of patients meeting criteria for acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage of infancy (AIPHI) to determine recurrence, mortality, and treatment.MethodsWe performed a 10‐year retrospective cohort study of infants with pulmonary hemorrhage in a large tertiary care center. One‐hundred fifty‐seven patients overall were identified.ResultsThe most common diagnoses in infants with pulmonary hemorrhage were congenital heart disease (36.6%), prematurity/premature lung disease (34.6%), congenital or acquired lung disorders (15.0%), and congenital or acquired coagulopathies (13.7%). Nonaccidental trauma (NAT; n = 3) was also an important cause of pulmonary hemorrhage. All patients diagnosed with NAT had normal retinal examinations and skeletal surveys. Only four patients were identified with AIPHI. There was no mortality in this group of infants. One of four patients with AIPHI had a recurrence. Steroids were the consistent treatment for AIPHI, with a large range of treatment duration.ConclusionDiagnostic studies should focus on identifying non‐pulmonary sources of bleeding, infection, underlying lung disease, congenital heart defects, coagulopathies, infection, and NAT, as these were the most frequently identified causes of bleeding. NAT is not adequately identified with ophthalmology exam and skeletal survey. Overall, we found AIPHI to be a rare diagnosis. All of the patients with idiopathic hemorrhage received systemic steroids with varying doses and lengths of treatment.
Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of CuWO4 Nanoplates towards the Oxidation of NADH Driven in Visible Light
Authors: Mohanty Bishnupad , Naik Kusha Kumar , Sahoo Satyapriya , Jena Bijayalaxmi , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Rout Chandra Sekhar , Jena Bikash Kumar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHerein, we report the visible light driven photo‐electrocatalytic activity of CuWO4 towards the oxidation of NADH. The CuWO4 possesses high sensitivity towards NADH oxidation with the sensing response in a linear dynamic range of 10–50 μM. The sensitivity and low detection limit (LOD) was estimated to be 0.14 μA/μM and 100 nM (S/N ≥ 3) respectively. The photo‐generated hole expedites the oxidation processing by accepting the electrons from NADH that reduces the overpotential and increases the current response and validated by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations study.
Using Multifunctional Polymeric Soft Template for Synthesizing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Co–Doped Mesoporous Carbon Frameworks Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Ma Jun , Yu Yue , Chen Changli , Xiao Dejian , Li Kai , Ma Jie , Liao Yi , Zuo Xia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTo replace high‐cost and non‐resistant platinum‐based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the development of low‐cost, durable and high‐efficiency nonprecious metal catalysts is urgently needed. Thereinto, metal‐free heteroatom‐doped carbon materials as one of the promising candidates are quite satisfying for its designability of material properties, remarkable electrocatalytic activity and unexceptionable durability. In this work, a novel and rational method by using multifunctional polymeric soft template: poly [cyclotriphosphazene‐co‐(4, 4’‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol)] (PZAF) particles for synthesis PZAF@PANI composite which is further treated under high temperature for generating N, P co‐doped mesoporous carbons (NPMPCs) is utilized. The resultant NPMPCs exhibit a mesoporous structure with ultra large specific surface area (1465.091 m2 g−1) and total pore volume (1.068 cm3 g−1), which can optimize the ORR active sites derived from the N, P co‐doping. Based on these structural features, NPMPCs possess outstanding ORR activity, admirable durability and brilliant methanol tolerance, comparable or even better than that of commercial 20% Pt/C. The correlationship between the particular porous structure derived from the decomposition of PZAF particles and the nitrogen and phosphorus species in the carbon frameworks of the electrocatalysts with considerable catalytic activity are thoroughly investigated.
Five Diverse Multidimensional Polycarboxylate–Based Mixed–Ligand Coordination Polymers with Different N,N′–Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Sorption Study
Authors: Ghosh Saheli , Pahari Goutam , Maity Dilip K. , Halder Arijit , Ghoshal Debajyoti 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFive mixed ligand coordination polymers (CPs) explicitly {[Cu2(btp)(2,5‐pyrdc)2H2O].4H2O}n (1), {[Cu(bte)0.5(2,5‐pyrbdc)H2O].1.5H2O}n (2), {[Cu(bte)(1, 2,4,5‐btc)0.5(H2O)].3H2O}n (3), {[Co(4‐bpdh)(1, 2,4,5‐btc)0.5(H2O)(MeOH)]}n (4), and {[Co(4‐bpdb)1.5(1,2,4,5‐btc)(H2O)4].4H2O(MeOH)}n (5) have been synthesized by using two polycarboxylates 2,5‐pyridinedicarboxylate (2,5‐pyrdc2–), 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylate (1,2,4,5‐btc4–) and four differently polar N–donor ligands. Here, two different transition metals Cu(II) and Co(II) have been used and slow diffusion technique has been followed for crystallization process at room temperature. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analysis and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques have been used to characterize all the five compounds 1–5. Compound 1 exhibits a 2D bilayer; fabricated by the N,N‘–donor 1,3‐bis(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)propane (btp) and 2,5‐pyrdc2– ligands with the Cu(II) metal center; whereas compound 2 shows a wavy 2D sheet structure by only variation of N–donor ligand to 1,2‐bis(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)ethane (bte). Compound 3 features a 3D MOF built by 2D metal carboxylate sheet of Cu(II) and 1,2,4,5‐btc4– pillared by bte spacer. Compound 5 displays two fold interpenetrated 3D framework containing two distorted octahedral Co(II) metal centers; formed by the 1,2,4,5‐btc4– and 1,4‐bis‐(4‐pyridyl)‐2,3‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene (4‐bpdb) ligands whereas compound 4 attains a 1D chain only by variation of N–donor linker to 2,5‐bis‐(4‐pyridyl)‐3,4‐diaza‐2,4‐hexadiene (4‐bpdh). For the compounds 1–5, different sorption study has been carried out. The dehydrated framework of compound 5 shows selective CO2 adsorption at 195 K over N2 (at 77 K) which has been explained in terms of the strong interaction of CO2 molecules with polar moiety of the dehydrated framework of 5. Compound 1 and 2 exhibit both CO2 and N2 adsorptions but the presence of non‐polar, long chain ligands in the frameworks decreases the extent of sorption for both the cases; whereas 3 and 4 only give suitable result for N2 sorption.
Bi@C Nanoplates Derived from (BiO)2CO3 as an Enhanced Electrode Material for Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xiang Juan , Liu Zhiming , Song Taeseup 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) carbon coated bismuth nanoplates (Bi@C) were prepared by a self‐template and subsequent thermal treatment process utilizing 2D (BiO)2CO3 nanosheets as starting material. The 2D nanoplates provide feasible pathways for electrons and ions while the outer carbon‐coated layer efficiently prohibited the agglomeration of Bi and accommodated the huge volume change of Bi during the charging/discharging process. The as‐obtained Bi@C nanoplates maintain a capacity higher than 420 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles as an anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). For sodium ion batteries (SIBs), a capacity of approximately 200 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles was achieved by the Bi@C electrode. The as‐obtained 2D Bi@C nanoplates solves the problem of low conductivity and a large volume change of Bi when applied as an anode of secondary batteries, offering a simple, low‐cost, and eco‐friendly method for fabricating bismuth‐carbon composite electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance in LIBs and SIBs.
One‐step preparation of Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide aerogel as heterogeneous Fenton‐like catalyst for enhanced photo‐degradation of organic dyes
Authors: Feng Yan , Yao Tongjie , Yang Yang , Zheng Furen , Chen Peng , Wu Jie , Xin Baifu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogel with a three‐dimensional hierarchical porous structure was prepared by hydrothermal method in one‐step, where Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) were uniformly anchored on two sides of rGO nanosheets. In aerogel, rGO support not only dispersed Fe2O3 NPs, but also increased adsorption ability, improved mass diffusion and accelerated electron transfer; namely, synergistic effect was generated by combining rGO and Fe2O3 together. As expected, in photo‐Fenton degradation of rhodamine B, Fe2O3/rGO aerogel displayed higher degradation ability than referenced samples. A series of influence factors on degradation efficiencies were investigated. Based on inhibitor tests and controlled experiments, a possible degradation mechanism was proposed. Besides satisfied degradation ability, the aerogel also displayed superior stability and reusability. After 5 recycling runs, both chemical composition and degradation efficiency were well maintained.
Self‐Assembly of L‐Arginine on Electrophoretically Deposited Hydroxyapatite Coatings
Authors: Duru İlayda , Ege Duygu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, L‐Arginine (L‐Arg) molecules are self‐assembled on HA coatings for potential orthopedic applications. By immersing HA coatings in L‐Arg solution in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) with a pH of 7.4 at room temperature for 24 hours, L‐Arg assembled on HA. The samples were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Attenuated Total Reflection‐Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and ninhydrin assay. The response of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to HA and L‐Arg/HA coatings both in growth and osteogenic differentiation medium are reported. In the growth medium, cells are found to be more spread out on L‐Arg/HA coatings than HA coatings. Moreover, cell aggregates which are indicators of differentiation are observed on HA coatings spontaneously in the growth medium and cell aggregates are only observed on L‐Arg/HA coatings in the osteogenic differentiation medium. Overall, this study showed that L‐Arg self‐assembles on HA and it hinders osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in the growth medium.
A Pyrene‐Benzothiazole Probe that is Ultrasensitive to the Environment Polarity and Its Own Characteristics
Authors: Ghosh Ashutosh , Seth Sourav Kanti , Purkayastha Pradipta 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEnvironment‐sensitive fluorescent probes are of great importance in chemical and biological research. We have developed a cationic benzothizole derivative that has a pyrene moiety at the tip of the hydrophobic tail. The probe is of comparable length as the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants. The compound shows characteristic fluorescence from its own locally excited (LE) state in non‐polar medium. However, it is weakly fluorescent in the aqueous environment that comes from the pyrene excimer. It is found that the polarity of this compound reverses in the excited state that substantially affects the LE fluorescence.
Drilled to obey? Ex‐military CEOs and financial misconduct
Authors: Koch‐Bayram Irmela F. , Wernicke Georg 
Published: August 2018

Research Summary: We examine the influence of CEOs' military background on financial misconduct using two distinctive datasets. First, we make use of accounting and auditing enforcement releases (AAER) issued by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which contain intentional and substantial cases of financial fraud. Second, we use a dataset of “lucky grants,” which provide a measure of the likelihood of grant dates of CEOs' stock options having been manipulated. Results for both datasets indicate that CEOs who served in the military are less inclined to be involved in fraudulent financial reporting and to backdate stock options. In addition, we find that these relationships are moderated by board oversight (CEO duality and independent directors in the board).Managerial Summary: CEOs who formerly served in the U.S. military are prevalent among U.S. firms. The military puts strong emphasis on the obedience of its personnel. In this study, we test if time spent in the military leads individuals to be more obedient to rules and regulations in the years after they have left the military and become CEOs. Our findings strongly suggest that CEOs who served in the U.S. military are less likely to be involved in financial misconduct. We also find evidence that tougher board oversight strengthens this relationship. Our findings have implications for regulators, auditors, practitioners, and researchers who are interested in determinants of and mechanisms to prevent fraud and stock option backdating.
Ultra‐Broadband Flexible Photodetector Based on Topological Crystalline Insulator SnTe with High Responsivity
Authors: Yang Jie , Yu Wenzhi , Pan Zhenghui , Yu Qiang , Yin Qing , Guo Lei , Zhao Yanfei , Sun Tian , Bao Qiaoliang , Zhang Kai 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTopological crystalline insulators (TCIs) are predicted to be a promising candidate material for ultra‐broadband photodetectors ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to terahertz (THz) due to its gapless surface state and narrow bulk bandgap. However, the low responsivity of TCIs‐based photodetectors limits their further applications. In this regard, a high‐performance photodetector based on SnTe, a recently developed TCI, working in a broadband wavelength range from deep UV to mid‐IR with high responsivity is reported. By taking advantage of the strong light absorption and small bandgap of SnTe, photodetectors based on the as‐grown SnTe crystalline nanoflakes as well as specific short channel length achieve a high responsivity (71.11 A W−1 at 254 nm, 49.03 A W−1 at 635 nm, 10.91 A W−1 at 1550 nm, and 4.17 A W−1 at 4650 nm) and an ultra‐broad spectral response (254–4650 nm) simultaneously. Moreover, for the first time, a durable flexible SnTe photodetector fabricated directly on a polyethylene terephthalate film is demonstrated. These results prove the great potential of TCIs as a promising material for integrated and flexible optoelectronic devices.
C: Adding modern programming language features to C
Authors: Moss Aaron , Schluntz Robert , Buhr Peter A. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe C programming language is a foundational technology for modern computing with millions of lines of code implementing everything from hobby projects to commercial operating systems. This installation base and the programmers producing it represent a massive software engineering investment spanning decades and likely to continue for decades more. Nevertheless, C, which was first standardized almost 30 years ago, lacks many features that make programming in more modern languages safer and more productive. The goal of the C
project (pronounced “C for all”) is to create an extension of C that provides modern safety and productivity features while still ensuring strong backward compatibility with C and its programmers. Prior projects have attempted similar goals but failed to honor the C programming style; for instance, adding object‐oriented or functional programming with garbage collection is a nonstarter for many C developers. Specifically, C
is designed to have an orthogonal feature set based closely on the C programming paradigm, so that C
features can be added incrementally to existing C code bases, and C programmers can learn C
extensions on an as‐needed basis, preserving investment in existing code and programmers. This paper presents a quick tour of C
features, showing how their design avoids shortcomings of similar features in C and other C‐like languages. Experimental results are presented to validate several of the new features.