bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration based on solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence: arid and semi-arid regions of northern China as an example
Authors: Wang Renjun , Zhang Shuaiqiang , Zheng Jianghua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Accurately estimating reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is crucial for evaluating crop water needs, guiding irrigation practices, and effectively managing water resources at the regional level. However, conventional ET0 estimation models heavily depend on numerous meteorological parameters, which can pose limitations when such data is scarce or incomplete. The integration of Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) with the ET0 model offers a novel approach for ET0 estimation, but this model encounters significant uncertainties in capturing the seasonal variations of ET0. Consequently, there remain challenges in accurately monitoring the spatial and temporal patterns of large-scale ET0 changes using the SIF-based methodology. In order to address this limitation, we incorporate the basal crop coefficient (Kcb) into the original SIF_ET0 model to provide constraints, resulting in the development of the improved SIF_ET0 model (RET0_SIF). The research findings indicate that: (1) In comparison to the ET0_SIF model, the RET0_SIF model, combined with three machine learning algorithms, exhibits superior performance. It can more accurately capture the seasonal variations of ET0 across 22 monitoring stations;(2) Comparing with the five traditional empirical models, RET0_SIFo exhibits superior estimation accuracy. Its multi-year average deviation from ET0PM across 22 stations is merely 0.59 mm/8days. In contrast, the multi-year average deviations of the five traditional empirical models from ET0PM are 2.29 mm/8days, 16.87 mm/8days, 8.42 mm/8days, -11.82 mm/8days, and − 11.44 mm/8days, respectively;(3) From 2000 to 2019, RET0_SIFd exhibits a spatial pattern of gradual decrease from west to east in the study area and shows an increasing trend over the time series. The linear trend of increase is 2.56. This study seeks to provide a scientific reference for accurately estimating ET0 in arid and semi-arid regions, as well as for the rational allocation of water resources.
Optimizing Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Rural Wastewater Treatment: A Box-Behnken Design Approach
Authors: Shruthi R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The efficacy of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands for the treatment of rural wastewater was investigated. The study aimed to optimize the process parameters, including hydraulic retention time (HRT) (2–10 days), hydraulic loading rate (HLR) (2.5–10.5 cm/d), and organic loading rate (OLR) (2.9–16.7 g/m2/d), using the Box-Behnken design of experiments. The response variables were the removal efficiencies of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Within 10 days, the constructed wetland achieved removal efficiencies of 52.6% for TKN, 86.41% for COD, and 92.66% for BOD. The experimental data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the model's fit was assessed. The results showed that HRT had the most significant impact on COD and BOD removal, while OLR had the greatest influence on TKN removal. The response models demonstrated a strong correlation between the observed and predicted responses, confirming the accuracy of the Box-Behnken approach. Quadratic equations were developed for the models, and the significant factors were identified. The findings suggest that constructed wetlands are an effective solution for treating rural wastewater, and the optimization of process parameters can enhance their performance.
An association of SOFA scores with Candida tropicalis septic shock: A Retrospective Analysis in a Thai Referral Center
Authors: Leepattarakit Teera , Tulyaprawat Orawan , Mongkudkarn Anusara , Ngamskulrungroj Popchai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Candida tropicalis is a leading cause of candidemia in Thailand, with septic shock significantly increasing mortality risk. Although biofilm formation has been associated with worse outcomes in candidemia, its role in predicting septic shock remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the clinical factors and biofilm formation associated with the development of septic shock in C. tropicalis bloodstream infections.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 198 patients diagnosed with C. tropicalis candidemia at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from 2015 to 2019. Patients were categorized into septic shock and non-septic shock groups. Biofilm formation was measured using the XTT reduction assay. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, univariable and multivariable regressions, were conducted to identify predictors of septic shock.
Results
Septic shock occurred in 35.9% of patients. The most significant predictors of septic shock included mechanical ventilation (87.3% vs. 47.2%, p < 0.001), ICU admission (70.4% vs. 39.4%, p < 0.001), and higher SOFA scores. However, the biofilm formation was not the significant predictor. Multivariable analysis revealed that respiratory SOFA (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.25–5.83) and cardiovascular SOFA (OR 4.33, 95% CI 2.44–7.69) scores were independent risk factors for septic shock development.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the importance of early identification and targeted management strategies to mitigate the risk of septic shock in patients with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections.
Nutritional status of older Chinese patients with obesity, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity
Authors: Kuang Qi-Fei , Xiang Qun-Yan , Liu Yi-Yang , Wang Yan-Jiao , Liu Yue-Hua , Zhan Jun-Kun , Wang Yi , Li Shuang , Liu You-Shuo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Nutritional status is a malleable determinant of body composition abnormalities, including obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity (SO). Here, we evaluated the prevalence of these abnormalities in older Chinese inpatients and explored their correlations with the patients’ nutritional status.
Methods
In total, 451 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were included. An algorithm proposed by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 was used to diagnose sarcopenia in these patients; moreover, their nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). We used Spearman correlation analysis to assess the relationship between the MNA-SF scores and muscle health indexes of the patients. Subsequently, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations of obesity, sarcopenia, and SO with nutritional status.
Results
Obesity, sarcopenia, and SO were noted in 20.62%, 33.26%, and 7.54% of the older patients, respectively. The MNA-SF scores indicated that 36.59% and 7.32% of the older patients had malnutrition and undernourishment risks, respectively. Malnutrition prevalence was only 1.08% and 2.94% in the obesity and SO groups, respectively. In contrast, 31.33% and 50.67% of older patients with sarcopenia were malnourished and malnutrition risk, respectively. MNA-SF scores were positively correlated to muscle health indexes, including calf circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, and grip strength (all p < 0.001). Patients with a normal nutritional status had less than one-tenth the risk of sarcopenia compared with those malnourished (odds ratio = 0.066; 95% confidence interval = 0.022–0.198); this association persisted after adjustments for age, sex, medication status, and laboratory parameters.
Conclusion
Body composition abnormalities including obesity, sarcopenia, and SO were common among older patients. Compared with those with sarcopenia, older patients with obesity and SO demonstrated lower rates of malnutrition. Sarcopenia occurrence is associated with poor nutritional status, particularly malnutrition occurrence and risk.
Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for UAV-Derived Biomass Estimation in Miombo Woodlands
Authors: Melitha Goodluck S. , Kashaigili Japhet J. , Mugasha Wilson A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Accurately estimating above-ground biomass (AGB) is critical for understanding carbon storage and ecosystem dynamics, which are essential for sustainable forest management and climate change mitigation. This study evaluated the performance of four machine learning models XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GBM), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in predicting AGB in Miombo Woodlands using UAV-derived spectral and height data. A total of 52 model configurations were tested, incorporating up to five predictor variables. XGBoost demonstrated superior performance, explaining 99% of the variance (R² = 0.99), with a low RMSE of 9.82 Mg/ha and an rRMSE of 8.25%. Although it showed a slight underestimation bias (-2.48), XGBoost proved highly reliable in handling complex ecosystems like Miombo. Random Forest also performed well, explaining 91% of the variance (R² = 0.91), though it exhibited higher error rates (RMSE = 30.81 Mg/ha). In contrast, GBM and SVM showed weaker performance, with R² values of 0.23 and 0.81, respectively. This study highlights the potential of UAV data combined with advanced machine learning models, particularly XGBoost, for accurate biomass estimation. Future research should explore integrating UAV data with technologies like LiDAR or satellite imagery to further improve prediction accuracy across diverse ecosystems.
Occupational exposures to pesticide mixtures and its epigenomic effects among agriculture farmers
Authors: Sultana Shahajan , Karunamoorthy Panjakumar , Tumane Rajani , Venugopal Dhananjayan , Ambikabathy Mala , Beerappa Ravichandran 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In agriculture, pesticides play a crucial role in controlling pests and improving crop yields. However, exposure to these chemicals poses potential health risks to farmers who frequently handle them through activities such as pesticide spraying and other farm-related tasks.
Methods
This cross-sectional study investigated epigenomic changes among farmers exposed to pesticides in a rural farming community. The participants cultivating grapes, vegetables, and flowers were categorized as the exposure group, while individuals from non-agricultural occupations who did not handle pesticides served as the unexposed control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants to quantify global DNA methylation levels, a key epigenetic marker susceptible to environmental modulation.
Results
A statistically significant increase in methylation levels (1.09 ± 0.17) was seen among the people exposed to pesticides, as compared to controls (0.78 ± 0.23). However, linear regression models showed no significant associations between global methylation levels and either the duration of pesticide exposure or the participants' age, indicating that these factors may not directly influence the observed methylation changes.
Conclusion
Pesticide exposure may disrupt epigenetic markers like DNA methylation, regardless of age or exposure duration. Elevated methylation levels in exposed farmers hint at potential health risks, urging ongoing monitoring. The study highlights the importance of safer pesticide practices to safeguard farmers' well-being and mitigate long-term occupational hazards.
Global Trends and Disparities in Substance Use Disorders: Decades of Challenges amid Emerging Threats and the COVID-19 Impact (1990-2021)
Authors: Yu Tianyue , Wang Meiti , Zheng Jinxin , Guan Shiyang , Chen Jianhua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
To provide a comprehensive analysis of the global epidemiology of substance use disorders (SUDs) from 1990 to 2021, highlighting trends, disparities, and public health implications.
Design
An analytical study leveraging data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) to explore prevalence, distribution, and determinants of SUDs.
Settings
Global analysis with a focus on geographic disparities and socio-economic impacts across different regions.
Participants
Data includes global populations affected by substance use disorders as captured by the GBD database from 1990 to 2021.
Measurements
Examination of Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) and analysis of trends in substance use, particularly opioid use, across different regions and economic groups.
Findings
There has been a 16.9% reduction in the overall ASPR since 1990. However, significant geographic disparities exist, with high-income regions of North America experiencing the greatest burden and Western Sub-Saharan Africa the lowest. The study identifies a rise in opioid use and emphasizes the socio-economic impacts of SUDs.
Conclusions
The study demonstrates the ongoing severity of SUDs and the need for cohesive and integrated health policies, especially given the influence of emerging psychoactive substances and the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights pathways for targeted interventions and informs global health strategies.
The Relationship Between Complications and Geriatric-8 Scores in Elderly Patients Who　Underwent Minimal Invasive Surgery for Gynecologic Malignancies
Authors: Sawada Shiina , Nagamata Satoshi , Yamanaka Keitaro , Masuko Naohisa , Takahashi Ryosuke , Sasagawa Yuuki , Nishimoto Masashi , Wakahashi Sen , Terai Yoshito 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
This study examines the correlation between Geriatric-8 (G8) scores and perioperative complications in elderly patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for gynecological malignancies. Given the increasing elderly population and use of MIS, understanding these risks is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Methods
A retrospective study at Kobe University Hospital included patients aged 65 and older who underwent MIS for gynecological malignancies between January 2019 and March 2024. G8 scores were calculated from medical records, and complications were defined using the Clavien-Dindo classification or the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5 grade Ⅱ or higher within 30 days postoperatively and cases that required rehabilitation intervention due to a decline in Activities of Daily Living (ADL).
Results
Among 68 patients, 24 were in the Complication Group and 44 in the Non-Complication Group. The median G8 score was 12.5 in the Complication Group and 14.5 in the Non-Complication Group (p = 0.008). The Complication Group had significantly lower G8 scores (p = 0.02) in robot-assisted surgeries, while no significant difference was observed in laparoscopic surgeries.
Conclusion
Lower G8 scores predict higher perioperative complication rates in elderly patients undergoing MIS for gynecological malignancies. The G8 tool effectively predicts perioperative complications in MIS for gynecologic malignancies and aids in treatment decisions.
Predicting the potential global distribution of Leptotrombidium rubellum under current and future climate change
Authors: mu qunzheng , Li Fengfeng , Li Wenyu , Wang Xiaoxia , Tang Mingyuan , Chen Kehan , Jiang Yihao , Liu Jingqi , Zhang Shirong , Wang Chuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Leptotrombidium rubellum (L. rubellum) has been proven to be a vector for the transmission of scrub typhus. But no studies have been conducted to project the global distribution of potential distribution for L. rubellum under current and future climate scenarios. To predict the future global potential distribution range of L. rubellum under various climate scenario models, analyze the major environmental factors affecting its distribution, and provide references for the transformation of passive vector surveillance into active vector surveillance.
Methods
The maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used in this study to estimate the global potential distribution range of L. rubellum under historical climate scenarios and different future climate scenarios. Collect data on the distribution of L. rubellum from database literature. Maxent 3.4.1 and R 4.1.0 were used to screen climate variables according to the contribution rate of environmental variables, knife cutting method and correlation analysis of variables. R 4.1.0 was used to calculate model regulation frequency doubling and feature combination to adjust MaxEnt parameters.
Results
The model results showed that the training omission rate was in good agreement with the theoretical omission rate, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) value of the model was 0.997. Among the included environmental variables, the prec7 (Precipitation in July) and elev (elevation) contributed the most to the model, providing more effective information for the distribution of L. rubellum. The potential suitable areas are distributed in Asia, Africa, South and North America. Especially China and its neighboring countries.
Conclusions
Under the future climate scenario model, the potential suitable areas show an expansion trend. Although there has been little change in the countries and regions that involve suitable areas, there is a trend of expansion in the range of these countries and regions. Therefore, the invasion risk of the potential suitable area of L. rubellum should be paid attention to.
Population relationship analysis of black goat subpopulations in southern areas of China: Correlation of SNPs and methylation sites in their differentiated genes
Authors: Wu Hao , Qin Baochun , Yang Guang , Shao Qingyong , Zhu Jianming , zhou Yu , Gao Yu , Zhang Lu , Wang Bingyuan , Ji Pengyun , Liu Guoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The black goats are widely distributed in the southern areas of China with many phenotypically distinguishable variants. However, the lineages of these variants have not been investigated. In this study, whole-genome sequencing analysis was conducted on 66 black goats collected from 3 variants in Hainan, Guangdong, Shandong, Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces respectively. The results from population analysis indicated that genetically, the Hainan large ear size black goats are more closely related to the Nubian and Yunnan black goats, while the Hainan small ear size black goats are closely related to the Guangdong black goats. Therefore, all these black goat variants probably originate from two subgroups, that is the large and small ear sizes of black goats in Hainan Province. These two subgroups have 10 significantly differentiated genes. Out of these 10 genes, 4 have their SNPs and methylation sites being significantly correlated, 2 have only one methylation site was significantly correlated with one SNP while this one methylation site and SNP site were at the same location. All these methylation and SNP significantly corelated sites became the key molecular markers for identification of black goat subpopulations in the southern region of China.
Natural impaired peroxisomal side-chain shortening reaction of 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanoyl CoA reveals plant acetophenone biosynthetic pathway
Authors: Xu Lingfei , Zhai Rui , Zhang Hongjuan , Xie Yinpeng , Zhang Shichao , Zhou Fengli , Du Xuan , Chen Weifeng , Yan Yanfang , Li Pengmin , Atkinson Ross , Zhang Jing , Wang Zhigang , Yang Chengquan , Guan Qingmei , Ma Fengwang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Acetophenones, which show scattered distribution in organisms including phylogenetically distant plants and fungi, are play diverse roles in plant-plant, plant-insect, plant-microbiome, and even animal-insect interactions. However, the enzymes involved in plant acetophenone biosynthetic pathway remain enigmatic. Here we uncover the complete biosynthesis pathway of 4-hydroxyacetophenone glucoside using pear as a model organism. We demonstrate that the natural occurrence of 4-hydroxyacetophenone in certain pear cultivars is due to the impaired shortening reaction of propanoid side chain of 4-hydroxy-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanoyl CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by a peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, which is homozygous malfunctioning in these pear cultivars. This rare phenomenon reminds us that not only neofunctionalization but ‘malfunctionalization’ also fuels diversification in plant secondary metabolism. Forward genetic approaches are powerful to shed light on such ‘hidden’ or recessive pathways in plants.
Factors influencing the frequency of manic and depressive episodes in bipolar disorder: a multicenter study in China
Authors: Liu Shuang , Xu Jin-jie , Zhu Xue-quan , Fu Bing-bing , Pan Yan-li , Sun Cong-cong , Li Sheng , Xie Gao-ming , Zhang Ling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Mania and depression are the main types of episodes of bipolar disorder (BD), and numbers of mania and depression affect long-term prognosis of patients.
Method
This is a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study, enrolling 520 BD patients in China. Sociodemographic information and clinical characteristics of patients were statistically analyzed. Poisson regression analyses were performed to analysis the possible factors for manic or depressive episodes.
Results
Poisson regression model analysis showed that shorter educational attainment (IRR = 0.97, P = 0.03), mixed first episode polarity, earlier age at diagnosis (IRR = 0.97, P = 0.01), comorbid substance abuse (IRR = 1.41, P = 0.02), presence of psychotic symptoms (IRR = 1.18, P = 0.04), use of antidepressant medication (IRR = 0.66, P<0.01), and non-use of mood stabilizers (IRR = 1.57, P<0.01) are positively associated with the number of manic episodes. Conversely, being female (IRR = 0.82, P = 0.01) and the non-use of mood stabilizers (IRR = 0.68, P<0.01) are negatively associated with the number of depressive episodes.
Conclusion
The study highlights the critical influence of clinical and sociodemographic factors on the frequency of manic and depressive episodes in BD patients. Addressing these factors may improve long-term outcomes for individuals with bipolar disorder.
Entropy-driven Adsorption of Cellulose Ethers to Cellulose Nanocrystals Measured in 2D and 3D
Authors: Zhu Wei , Liu Lingli , Wu Chao , Huang Lin , Xue Shanjiang , li Yongqiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Cellulose, the most abundant organic polymer on Earth, has garnered significant interest across a myriad of scientific and industrial domains. The burgeoning utilization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has underscored the critical importance of understanding the interactions between CNCs and cellulose derivatives. Herein, the interactions between commercial cellulose ethers (METHOCEL™) and CNCs were investigated. The adsorption dynamics of 11 types of methylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were quantified in 2D on CNC films using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Furthermore, dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) were utilized to elucidate the thermodynamic details of the adsorption processes in 3D in suspension. All cellulose ethers irreversibly adsorbed to CNCs in 2D, with higher hydroxypropyl content and lower methoxy content led to more adsorption in a flattened polymer conformation; In 3D, higher molecular weight led to more adsorption in a globular polymer conformation. The interactions between common hydrocolloid polymers and nanocellulose are important for the design of formulated products such as emulsions, gels, foams, and films.