bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis the Improvements of the Quality of Life in Ayurvedic Treatment for the Wrist Fracture
Authors: Rakulini R. , Attanayake A. M. H. Sampath 
Published: July 2019

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the improvements of the quality of life (QOL) in Ayurvedic treatment for the wrist fracture.
Study Design: This is a Retrospective Cohort Study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out among the wrist fracture patients in Kadum bidum (orthopedic) Clinic who got treatment of wrist fracture at Bandaranayaks Memorial Ayurvedic Research Institute (BMARI).
Methodology: All wrist fracture patients attending the BMIRI clinic were selected for this research study, were interviewed and administrated Qualeffo-41 questionnaire to collect the data. Patients were divided into three groups (A - Patients who took ayurvedic treatment straightly, B - Patients who took ayurvedic treatment after getting western treatment and C - Patients who took ayurvedic treatment after getting alternative treatment). QOL were analyzed in the interventions. There are first visit, after the 6th week, after 3 months, and after the 6th month.
Results: In group A, they were getting quick improvement seen within 3months. QOL score changes from 16, 39, and 55. In group B, QOL score of patients who were getting treatment for 6th weeks QOL score changes from 18, 38.5. QOL of patients who were getting treatment for 6 months QOL change from 17, 26, 35, and 43. In group C, QOL of patients who were getting treatment for 3 month QOL changes from 21, 31.5, and 42.5. QOL score of patients who were getting treatment for 6 months QOL changes from 17, 24, 35 and 41.
Conclusion: The study patients were quickly improved by the Ayurvedic treatment indicating its efficacy in fracture management.
Highly Efficient Semitransparent Solar Cells with Selective Absorption and Tandem Architecture
Authors: Zuo Lijian , Shi Xueliang , Fu Weifei , Jen Alex K.‐Y. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSemitransparent (ST) photovoltaics (PVs) with selective absorption in the UV or/and near‐infrared (NIR) range(s) and reduced energy losses, are critical for high‐efficiency solar‐window applications. Here, a high‐performance tandem ST‐PV with selected absorption in the desirable regions of the solar spectrum is demonstrated. An ultralarge‐bandgap perovskite film (FAPbBr2.43Cl0.57, Eg ≈ 2.36 eV) is first developed to fulfil efficient selective absorption in the UV region. After optimization, the corresponding ST single junction (SJ) PV exhibits an averaged transmittance (AVT) of ≈68% and an efficiency of ≈7.5%. By sequentially reducing the visible absorbing component in a low‐bandgap organic bulk‐heterojunction layer, an ST‐PV with selective absorption in the NIR is achieved with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.9% and a high AVT of 62%. The energy loss associated with the SJ ST‐PVs is further reduced with a tandem architecture, which affords a high PCE of 10.7%, an AVT of 52.91%, and a light utilization efficiency up to 5.66%. These results represent the best balance of AVT and PCE among all ST‐PVs reported so far, and this design should pave the road for solar windows of high performance.
Hierarchical Coherent Phonons in a Superatomic Semiconductor
Authors: Lee Kihong , Maehrlein Sebastian F. , Zhong Xinjue , Meggiolaro Daniele , Russell Jake C. , Reed Douglas A. , Choi Bonnie , De Angelis Filippo , Roy Xavier , Zhu Xiaoyang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe coupling of phonons to electrons and other phonons plays a defining role in material properties, such as charge and energy transport, light emission, and superconductivity. In atomic solids, phonons are delocalized over the 3D lattice, in contrast to molecular solids where localized vibrations dominate. Here, a hierarchical semiconductor that expands the phonon space by combining localized 0D modes with delocalized 2D and 3D modes is described. This material consists of superatomic building blocks (Re6Se8) covalently linked into 2D sheets that are stacked into a layered van der Waals lattice. Using transient reflectance spectroscopy, three types of coherent phonons are identified: localized 0D breathing modes of isolated superatom, 2D synchronized twisting of superatoms in layers, and 3D acoustic interlayer deformation. These phonons are coupled to the electronic degrees of freedom to varying extents. The presence of local phonon modes in an extended crystal opens the door to controlling material properties from hierarchical phonon engineering.
A Nonencapsulative Pendulum‐Like Paper–Based Hybrid Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Deng Mingming , Tang Qian , He Wencong , Hu Chenguo , Xi Yi , Liu Ruchuan , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe newly invented triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is deemed to be a more efficient strategy than an electromagnetic generator (EMG) in harvesting low‐frequency (<2 Hz) water wave energy. Various TENGs with different structures and functions for blue energy have been developed, which can be roughly divided into two types: liquid–solid contact electrification TENGs and fully enclosed solid–solid contact electrification TENGs. Robustness and packaging are critical factors in the development of TENGs toward practical applications. Furthermore, for fully enclosed TENGs, the requirements and costs of packaging are very high, and they can difficult to disassemble after enclosed, if there is something wrong with the devices. Herein, a nonencapsulative pendulum‐like paper based hybrid nanogenerator for energy harvesting is designed, which mainly consists of three parts, one solar panel, two paper based zigzag multilayered TENGs, and three EMG units. This unique structure reveals the superior robustness and a maximum peak power of zigzag multilayered TENGs up to 22.5 mW is realized. Moreover, the device can be used to collect the mechanical energy of human motion in hand shaking. This work presents a new platform of hybrid generators toward energy harvesting as a portable practical power source, which has potential applications in navigation and lighting.
Methyl substituent effect on one‐dimensional copper(II) coordination polymers containing biologically active ligands: Synthesis, characterization, DNA interactions and cytotoxicities
Authors: Şenel Pelin , İnci Duygu , Aydın Rahmiye , Huriyet Huzeyfe , Zorlu Yunus , Çinkılıç Nilüfer 
Published: July 2019

Three novel water‐soluble copper(II) complexes – {[Cu(phen)(trp)]ClO4·3H2O}n (1), {[Cu(4‐mphen)(trp)]ClO4·3H2O}n (2) and [[Cu(dmphen)(trp)(MeOH)][Cu(dmphen)(trp)(NO3)]]NO3 (3) (phen: 1,10‐phenanthroline; 4‐mphen: 4‐methyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline; dmphen: 4,7‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline; trp: l‐tryptophan) – have been synthesized and characterized using various techniques. Complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural, and exist as one‐dimensional coordination polymers. Complex 3 consists of two discrete copper(II) complexes containing [Cu(trp)(dmphen)(MeOH)]+, [Cu(trp)(dmphen)(NO3)] and one nitrate anion. The binding interaction of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) was investigated using thermal denaturation, electronic absorption and emission spectroscopic methods, revealing that the complexes could interact with CT‐DNA via a moderate intercalation mode. The binding activity of the complexes to CT‐DNA follows the order: 3 > 2 > 1. The pUC19 DNA cleavage activity of the complexes was investigated in the absence and presence of external agents using the agarose gel electrophoresis method. Especially, in the presence of H2O2 as an activator, the pUC19 DNA cleavage abilities of the complexes are clearly enhanced at low concentration. Addition of hydroxyl radical scavenger dimethylsulfoxide shows a marked inhibition of the pUC19 DNA cleavage activity of the complexes. In vitro cytotoxic effect of the complexes was examined on human tumor cell lines (Caco‐2, A549 and MCF‐7) and healthy cells (BEAS‐2B). The potent cytotoxic effect of complex 3, with IC50 values of 1.04, 1.16 and 1.72 μM, respectively, is greater relative to clinically used cisplatin (IC50 = 22.70, 31.1 and 22.2 μM) against the Caco‐2, A549 and MCF‐7 cell lines.
Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/epoxidized natural rubber blend with maleic anhydride
Authors: Klinkajorn Jenjira , Tanrattanakul Varaporn 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe objective of this work was to determine the compatibilization effect of different concentrations of maleic anhydride (MA) in poly(lactic acid) blended with epoxidized natural rubber (PLA/ENR). ENR‐grafted MA [ENR‐g‐MA] was synthesized using four concentrations of MA: 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 phr. Using an internal mixer, binary (PLA/ENR, PLA/ENR‐g‐MA) and ternary (PLA/ENR/ENR‐g‐MA) polymer blends were prepared with a constant rubber content of 10 wt %. ENR impaired the mechanical properties of PLA, perhaps due to the relatively large size of the rubber particles. The compatibilization effect of MA was evaluated from the results of impact strength testing. ENR‐g‐MA was a toughening agent for PLA when the concentration of MA was in the range of 0.30–0.60 phr. MA increased miscibility between PLA and ENR. This effect was indicated in the blends by reductions in rubber particle size, the glass transition temperature of PLA, and the α‐transition temperatures of PLA and ENR. In the binary polymer blends, the MA concentration in ENR‐g‐MA that produced the optimal mechanical properties of PLA was 0.60 phr. In the ternary blends, mechanical properties of PLA did not improve at any concentration of MA in ENR‐g‐MA. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48297.
Machine Learning to Predict Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Drug Responses of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients by Integrating Clinical and Genetic Markers
Authors: Guan Yuanfang , Zhang Hongjiu , Quang Daniel , Wang Ziyan , Parker Stephen C. J. , Pappas Dimitrios A. , Kremer Joel M. , Zhu Fan 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveAccurate prediction of treatment responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can provide valuable information on effective drug selection. Anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) drugs are an important second‐line treatment after methotrexate, the classic first‐line treatment for RA. However, patient heterogeneity hinders identification of predictive biomarkers and accurate modeling of anti‐TNF drug responses. This study was undertaken to investigate the usefulness of machine learning to assist in developing predictive models for treatment response.MethodsUsing data on patient demographics, baseline disease assessment, treatment, and single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array from the Dialogue on Reverse Engineering Assessment and Methods (DREAM): Rheumatoid Arthritis Responder Challenge, we created a Gaussian process regression model to predict changes in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) for the patients and to classify them into either the responder or the nonresponder group. This model was developed and cross‐validated using data from 1,892 RA patients. It was evaluated using an independent data set from 680 patients. We examined the effectiveness of the similarity modeling and the contribution of individual features.ResultsIn the cross‐validation tests, our method predicted changes in DAS28 (ΔDAS28), with a correlation coefficient of 0.405. It correctly classified responses from 78% of patients. In the independent test, this method achieved a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.393 in predicting ΔDAS28. Gaussian process regression effectively remapped the feature space and identified subpopulations that do not respond well to anti‐TNF treatments. Genetic SNP biomarkers showed small contributions in the prediction when added to the clinical models. This was the best‐performing model in the DREAM Challenge.ConclusionThe model described here shows promise in guiding treatment decisions in clinical practice, based primarily on clinical profiles with additional genetic information.
High‐Throughput Production of Zr‐Doped Li4Ti5O12 Modified by Mesoporous Libaf3 Nanoparticles for Superior Lithium and Potassium Storage
Authors: Wang Bo , Gu Lin , Zhang Di , Wang Wei (Alex) 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLi4Ti5O12 is a promising anode for lithium‐ion batteries due to its zero‐strain properties. However, its low conductivity has greatly affected its rate performance. At the same time, the electrolyte decomposition during cycling also needs to be solved, especially at low cut‐off voltage. Herein, using a high‐throughput two‐step method, we synthesized Zr‐doped LTO modified by mesoporous LiBaF3 nanoparticles for alkali‐ion storage. The doping of Zr can enhance the electronic conductivity and facilitate the rate performance. Meanwhile, the coating of mesoporous LiBaF3 nanoparticles can form a mesoporous surface with large pore size (ca. 3–10 nm), which can benefit the alkali ion diffusion and simultaneously restrain the formation of an excess solid electrolyte interface to a reasonable range. The optimized material is used as an advanced anode for both lithium‐ion and potassium‐ion batteries, and good battery behavior including high‐rate performance and high stability is achieved.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following varicella‐zoster virus infection: Case report of effective treated both in clinical symptom and neuroimaging
Authors: Wang Qi , Cai Li‐Na , Wang Xiang‐Qing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Early treatment is the key for neurological recovery.MethodsA case of ADEM associated with varicella‐zoster virus infection was presented, in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations were included.ResultsMagnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple hyperintense lesions at the subcortical level on fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and MRI of the spinal cord revealed longitudinally segmented hyperintense lesions at the spinal cord on T2‐weighted images. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and gancyclovir, and had a favorable recovery. Subsequent MRI of the brain and cervical cord showed the previous abnormal hyperintensities had markedly disappeared.ConclusionA rare case of ADEM with longitudinal segmented hyperintense lesions at the spinal cord on T2‐weighted images was presented. Excellent response to ADEM treatment with high‐dose steroids was reported resulting in a remarkable neurological recovery. A long‐term follow‐up is needed for prognosis.
β‐Mannanase production and kinetic modeling from carob extract by using recombinant Aspergillus sojae
Authors: Karahalil Ercan , Germeç Mustafa , Turhan Irfan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe main objectives of this study were to optimize β‐mannanase fermentation conditions by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and to model kinetically using the kinetic models. Based on the results, the optimum fermentation conditions were found to be initial sugar concentration of 10°Bx, whey concentration of 0.75% [w/v], and inoculum size of 8% (v/v). Under optimized conditions, β‐mannanase activity (P), sugar consumed (ΔS), maximum β‐mannanase production rate (QP), and sugar utilization yield (SUY) were 687.89 U/mL, 47.38 g/L, 118.54 U mL–1 day–1, and 69.73%, respectively. Kinetic models were employed to describe the optimum β‐mannanase fermentation process. The kinetic analysis of β‐mannanase fermentation showed that β‐mannanase fermentation is growth associated because the α value (U/mgX) is approximately 330‐fold higher than the β value (U/mgX·hr). Nevertheless, maintenance value (Z) was lower than γ value, thus showing that Aspergillus niger mainly utilizes the sugars for β‐mannanase production and fungal growth. Consequently, carob extract and whey powder could be used to be cost‐effective carbon and organic nitrogen sources, respectively. It was clearly indicated that the suggested kinetic models can successfully describe the fungal growth, β‐mannanase production, and substrate consumption.
Prognostic nomogram based on immune scores for breast cancer patients
Authors: Wang Ju , Li Yanling , Fu Wenying , Zhang Ye , Jiang Jun , Zhang Yi , Qi Xiaowei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncreased attention has been focused on cancer immunity gene signature. However, the threshold of immune scores to predict disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer has not yet been defined. This study aimed to explore the association of immune scores with prognosis and build a clinical nomogram to predict the survival of patients with breast cancer.MethodsA total of 986 subjects were analyzed, and clinicopathological characteristics and immune scores were obtained from the TCGA database. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Based on results of multivariate analysis, nomograms were built. The models were subjected to bootstrap internal validation. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by concordance index (C‐index) and the calibration curve.ResultsThe patients were divided into three subgroups according to their immune scores. We found that compared with patients with low immune scores, those with intermediate and high immune scores had significantly improved DFS (HR and 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.439 [0.242‐0.799], 0.541 [0.343‐0.855], respectively), whereas only intermediate immune scores significantly indicated better OS (HR and 95% CI: 0.385 [0.163‐0.910]). The C‐index for DFS and OS prediction was 0.723 (95% CI, 0.661‐0.785) and 0.800 (95% CI, 0.724‐0.877), respectively. The calibration curves for probability of 3‐ and 5‐year DFS showed significant agreement between nomogram predictions and the actual observations.ConclusionsHigh and/or intermediate immune scores are significantly correlated with better DFS and OS in patients with breast cancer. Moreover, the nomograms for predicting prognosis may help to estimate the survival of patients.
Thiamine Diphosphate Dependent KdcA‐Catalysed Formyl Elongation of Aldehydes
Authors: Germer Philipp , Gauchenova Ekaterina , Walter Lydia , Müller Michael 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe formose reaction, one of the oldest name reactions in organic chemistry, uses formaldehyde as a C1 unit resulting in different monosaccharides and sugar‐like compounds. Nucleophilic formyl elongation is an attractive option to obtain 1,2‐functionalised building blocks for organic synthesis and pharmaceuticals; however, it has rarely been applied in asymmetric catalysis. The thiamine diphosphate dependent enzyme 2‐keto acid decarboxylase (KdcA) from Lactococcus lactis is able to transfer formyl units to aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, both in an electrophilic and in a nucleophilic way. We have established the formation of unstable chiral 2‐hydroxy aldehydes by subsequent modifications (chemical derivatisation with 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine, (R)‐Mosher's acid chloride) or by enzymatic trapping (oxidation and reductive amination).
Decision Support System for Municipal Energy Utilities: Approach, Architecture, and Implementation
Authors: Kühne Stefan , Scheller Fabian , Kondziella Hendrik , Reichelt David Georg , Bruckner Thomas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo support decision makers of municipal energy utilities regarding future portfolio management, the mathematical optimization model IRPopt was developed which allows a policy‐oriented, technology‐based, and actor‐related assessment of varying energy system conditions and innovative business models. The IRPopt software environment is described and demonstrated in that the model is embedded in. To fulfill usability, flexibility, and scalability related requirements in practical usage scenarios, it hides the dry formalism of the optimization model and reduces configuration efforts by providing mechanisms to reuse configuration knowledge. Furthermore, required model expansions can be realized independently from the software engineering process due to a model‐driven deployment approach.
Few‐Layer Mxene Ti3C2Tx (T=F, O, Or OH) for Robust Pulse Generation in a Compact Er‐Doped Fiber Laser
Authors: Wang Lu , Li Xiaohui , Wang Chong , Luo Wenfeng , Feng Tianci , Zhang Ying , Zhang Han 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMXenes, recently developed two‐dimensional (2D) materials, comprise 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides and have variable properties. In particular, accordion‐like structures of MXene have highly tunable and tailorable optoelectronic properties, which indicates that they can be applied in broadband optical devices. However, due to the complex synthesis process, the saturable absorber (SA) properties of MXene have not been fully explored and widely applied until now. In this article, the characterization of few‐layer MXene nanosheets has been systematically performed. Furthermore, the MXene dispersion is utilized as a SA without any polymer and applied in a compact integrated Er‐doped fiber laser at 1.5 μm to generate a robust, high average power pulse. The proposed robust pulsed laser has minimum pulse width of 1.37 μs under average output power of 40 mW and the corresponding pulse energy is 305 nJ, which is higher than previous experimental results. Considering the merits of MXene Ti3C2Tx, in the generation of large energy pulses, our work could be a novel method to optimize photonic devices.
Parametric survival analysis using R: Illustration with lung cancer data
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Sonker Prashant Kr. , Saroj Agni , Jain Aanchal , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Saroj Rakesh Kr. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundCox regression is the most widely used survival model in oncology. Parametric survival models are an alternative of Cox regression model. In this study, we have illustrated the application of semiparametric model and various parametric (Weibull, exponential, log‐normal, and log‐logistic) models in lung cancer data by using R software.AimsThe aim of the study is to illustrate responsible factors in lung cancer and compared with Cox regression and parametric models.MethodsA total of 66 lung cancer patients of African Americans (AAs) (data available online at http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org) was used. To identify predictors of overall survival, stage of patient, sex, age, smoking, and tumor grade were taken into account. Both parametric and semiparametric models were fitted. Performance of parametric models was compared by Akaike information criterion (AIC). “Survival” package in R software was used to perform the analysis. Posterior density was obtained for different parameters through Bayesian approach using WinBUGS.ResultsThe illustration about model fitting problem was documented. Parametric models were fitted only for stage after controlling for age. AIC value was minimum (462.4087) for log‐logistic model as compared with other parametric models. Log‐logistic model was the best fit for AAs lung cancer data under study.ConclusionExploring parametric survival models in daily practice of cancer research is challenging. It may be due to many reasons including popularity of Cox regression and lack of knowledge about how to perform it. This paper provides the application of parametric survival models by using freely available R software with illustration. It is expected that this present work can be useful to apply parametric survival models.
Design, implementation, and test of an SDR for NVIS communications
Authors: Porte Joaquim , Maso Josep , Pijoan Joan Lluis , Badia David 
Published: July 2019

SummaryAlthough many physical layer solutions have appeared for remote sensors and Internet of things during the recent years, none of them is suited to very remote sensors in areas away from any mobile operator coverage. In that case, a solution on the basis of near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) with reflection in the ionosphere may be very attractive. Using NVIS, no line of sight is needed and the coverage is much bigger than any other system operating in either the very high frequency (VHF) or ultra high frequency (UHF) band. In this paper, we present a new transmission scheme for very remote sensors using the NVIS transmission technique.