bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Burden of Seasonal Influenza and Its Potential Complications Among Older Japanese Adults: A Real‐World Database Study
Authors: Arashiro Takeshi , Tajima Yuki , Ban Yohei , Loiacono Matthew M. , Ideguchi Masayo , de Courville Caroline 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeasonal influenza may lead to severe complications, including respiratory and cardiovascular disease, that result in considerable healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and mortality, particularly in older individuals. This real‐world study assessed the burden of influenza and its potential complications in older Japanese adults.MethodsThis retrospective claims database analysis (April 2015 to June 2019) included insured individuals aged ≥ 60 years at the start of four consecutive influenza seasons in Japan (October 1 to April 30). The primary endpoint was the incidence of influenza‐related emergency room (ER) and outpatient visits, the incidence of hospitalizations, the probability of 30‐day inpatient mortality, and 60‐day medical costs of influenza or its potential complications.ResultsOf 8,974,708 individuals (43.2% male, mean ± standard deviation age 73.8 ± 8.9 years), 370,430 (4.13%) were diagnosed with influenza. Overall, 17.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.32–18.04) and 3893.53 (3880.87–3906.19) per 100,000 individuals had influenza‐related ER and outpatient visits, respectively, and 181.50 (178.71–184.28) per 100,000 individuals were hospitalized for influenza. The incidence of influenza‐related ER visits and hospitalizations for influenza or potential complications and the probability of 30‐day inpatient mortality increased with age.ConclusionsSeasonal influenza and its potential complications represent a substantial burden that increases with age in Japanese individuals.
Precision medicine in diabetes prediction: Exploring a subgroup‐specific biomarker strategy for risk stratification
Authors: Yen I‐Weng , Chen Szu‐Chi , Lin Chia‐Hung , Fan Kang‐Chih , Yang Chung‐Yi , Hsu Chih‐Yao , Kuo Chun‐Heng , Lin Mao‐Shin , Lyu Ya‐Pin , Juan Hsien‐Chia , Heng‐Huei Lin , Li Hung‐Yuan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe early detection of high‐risk individuals is crucial to delay and reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we aimed to explore the performance of a novel subgroup‐specific biomarker strategy in the prediction of incident diabetes.Materials and MethodsIn the Taiwan Lifestyle Cohort Study, adult subjects without diabetes were included and followed for the incidence of diabetes in 2006–2019. The biomarkers measured included blood secretogranin III (SCG3), vascular adhesion protein‐1 (VAP‐1), fibrinogen‐like protein 1 (FGL1), angiopoietin‐like protein 6 (ANGPTL6), and angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4).ResultsAmong the 1,287 subjects, 12.2% developed diabetes during a 6 year follow‐up. Blood VAP‐1 was significantly associated with incident diabetes in the overall population (HR = 0.724, P < 0.05), participants under 65 years old (HR = 0.685, P < 0.05), those with a BMI of ≥24 kg/m2 (HR = 0.673, P < 0.05), and females (HR = 0.635, P < 0.05). Blood ANGPTL6 was significantly correlated with incident diabetes in participants aged 65 and older (HR = 0.314, P < 0.05), and blood SCG3 was associated with incident diabetes in those with a BMI of <24 kg/m2 (HR = 1.296, P < 0.05). Two subgroup‐specific biomarker strategies were developed. The gender and BMI‐specific biomarker strategy, using traditional risk factors and blood SCG3 or VAP‐1 in different subgroups, could improve prediction performance, especially the specificity and positive prediction value, compared with the whole‐population strategy using only traditional risk factors or traditional risk factors plus blood VAP‐1.ConclusionGender‐ and BMI‐specific biomarker strategy can improve the prediction of incident diabetes. A subgroup‐specific biomarker strategy is a novel approach in the prediction of incident diabetes.
In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy role for early to advanced lentigo maligna melanoma spectrum: A systematic review and pooled analysis
Authors: Melhoranse Gouveia Bruna , Ferguson Peter M. , Lo Serigne N. , Collgros Helena , Martin Linda K. , Sinz Christoph , Smit Amelia K. , Gallo Bruna , Ho Genevieve , Glanz Amanda , Scolyer Richard A. , Cust Anne E. , Guitera Pascale 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLentigo maligna (LM) is a growing problem worldwide and the main type of melanoma in situ in some Caucasian populations. It presents as a spectrum from atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation (AIMP) to invasive lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM). Accurate diagnosis and staging are crucial for determining appropriate management strategies.ObjectivesTo assess the role of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in differentiating early and advanced stages of lentigo maligna.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Proquest Central, Embase, Cochrane and Google Scholar. References of included and excluded studies were reviewed for additional sources. Studies involving RCM for AIMP, LM and LMM diagnosis published until 1 December 2023, were selected for analysis. Publications on other non‐invasive imaging techniques, other skin diseases or those addressing only RCM surgical margins and therapeutic response without reporting RCM features were excluded. Each article was reviewed by two experts, with disagreements resolved by a third expert. Data for each RCM feature were pooled, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Features were stratified for architecture, cellular morphology and distribution.ResultsTwenty‐seven articles involving 303 lesions were included. Features favouring LM over AIMP included (1) Architecture: the presence of non‐edged papillae (OR 4.50, 95% CI 1.92–10.52) and (2) Cellular distribution: widespread pagetoid cells and junctional atypical cells (OR 25.06, 95% CI 4.19–148.45) and junctional nests (OR 18.06, 95% CI 3.04–106.32). Features favouring LMM over LM included (1) Architecture: epidermal disarray (OR 5.03, 95% CI 1.90–13.22), junctional disarray (OR 4.19, 95% CI 1.54–11.33) and destroyed collagen fibres (OR 3.91, 95% CI 1.80–8.44) and (2) cellular distribution: widespread pagetoid and junctional atypical cells (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.27–5.75) and junctional nests (OR 4.48, 95% CI 2.12–9.43).ConclusionsThis study identifies the RCM features associated with the LM/LMM spectrum.
Adipocyte Apoptosis Following a Novel Method for Double Chin Reduction: A Pilot Human Histology Study
Authors: Goldberg David J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSubmental fullness is perceived as unattractive by both men and women. The noninvasive simultaneous delivery of HIFES and synchronized radiofrequency+ (Sync RF+) technologies aims to address the submental fullness by concurrently targeting the skin, adipose tissue, and weakened anterior belly of the digastric muscle, the three contributing layers to the double chin appearance.AimsThis study aims to investigate the histological changes to adipose tissue related to cell morphology, caspase‐7, and Bcl‐2 levels to detect adipocyte apoptosis following the HIFES and Sync RF+ treatment on human subjects.MethodsThe active group (n = 6) received single 20‐min treatment on the submental area, while the control group (n = 2) did not receive any treatment. Biopsies of subcutaneous fat tissue were obtained at baseline, and 24 h and 7 days posttreatment. The specimens were histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed for changes in morphology, caspase‐7, and Bcl‐2 levels.ResultsObserved caspase‐7 levels increased by 511% at 24‐h posttreatment, and 101% at 7 days (p < 0.0001), while the Bcl‐2 levels decreased by 89% at 24 h and 24% at 7 days posttreatment (p < 0.0001). The control group had no statistically significant relative changes in the activity of caspase‐7. Posttreatment adipocytes were shrunken in size, and shapes lost their uniformity compared to baseline. Five of six subjects reported the treatment as being comfortable. No adverse events were observed during the study.ConclusionsThe results of this human histology study indicate that noninvasive HIFES and Sync RF+ technologies have a favorable safety profile for submental fat reduction through the induction of adipocyte apoptosis.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06282172
Characteristics of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis Patients With Condylar Erosion: A Retrospective Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Yifan , Zhang Xiao , Xia Chenlong , Tang Liangchen , Chen Min‐er , Huang Sirong , He Jianxiang , Li Zhiyong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCondylar erosion (CE) may indicate an active progressive stage of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), but no studies have analysed the characteristics of this population.ObjectiveThis cross‐sectional study analysed the characteristics of TMJOA patients with CE.MethodsA total of 267 patients were included. The severity of CE of all joints was evaluated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and scored using a four‐point rating scale (0–III). Patients were categorised into mild (grade I), moderate (grade II) and severe (grade III) groups. Demographic and clinical characteristics were summarised and stratified by age and erosion severity. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed based on the assignment of the variables.ResultsThe proportion of patients under 30 years old is much higher than other age groups. Compared to adults (≥ 20 years old), a higher proportion of adolescent patients (10–19 years old) choose orthodontics department for their first consultation (p < 0.01). And adolescent patients have a higher proportion of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) noise (p < 0.05) and a lower proportion of arthralgia (p < 0.001). Significant differences exist in CE severity between adolescents and adults (p < 0.001). The severe group had the youngest patients (p < 0.05) and the highest proportion of mandibular deviation and abnormal postural habits.ConclusionsPatients under 30 years of age constitute a significant proportion of TMJOA cases with CE. Compared to adults, adolescent patients have more severe CE and less arthralgia. Due to obvious dental and maxillofacial deformities and milder TMJ symptoms, adolescent patients may not be aware that they have TMJ disease, potentially leading to delayed treatment.
EH6 enstatite chondrites Northwest Africa 7976 and Northwest Africa 12945: Implications for EH chondrite metamorphism
Authors: Gray Mabel L. , Weisberg Michael K. , Jaret Steven J. , Ebel Denton S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe enstatite chondrite class is known to have complex thermal histories, often interpreted to include impact melting and shock metamorphism. Highly equilibrated (type 6) EH group enstatite chondrites are rare and thought to have formed through collisional heating. We studied two EH6 chondrites, NWA 7976 and NWA 12945, for their textural, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics. The samples we studied contain subhedral to anhedral grains of enstatite and plagioclase, suggesting solid‐state recrystallization. They show low degrees of shock and no evidence of shock melting. Additionally, the ubiquitous occurrence of daubréelite exsolution lamellae in troilite and the Ni content of schreibersite suggest slow cooling at greater burial depths in the parent body, rather than rapid cooling as a result of an impact event. Based on the characteristics and scarcity of type 6 EH chondrites, and the ubiquitous shock effects and melt rocks in the enstatite chondrite class, we conclude that the unshocked NWA 7976 and NWA 12945 were formed by heat derived from impact melt sheets, analogous to contact metamorphism.
Objective Structured Clinical Examination Perception Scale (OSCEPS) for Health Sciences Students: A Psychometric Evaluation Study
Authors: Sengul Tuba , Semerci Remziye , Güney Seda , Karakaya Çataldaş Seda 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE) is an objective assessment approach that enables the evaluation of students' practical skills by simulating real clinical scenarios. This scale is specifically designed to evaluate the attributes and characteristics of the OSCE from the perspective of health sciences students, thereby filling a crucial gap in the existing assessment methods. This research conducted a methodological design involving 220 students from the faculties of medicine and nursing between 2022 and 2023. Data were gathered using a “Descriptive Form” and “OSCEPS.” Factor analyses were performed for research and validation to ascertain the scale's factorial structure. The factorial analysis was used to test the structural validity of the scale. A structure consisting of 19 items was developed. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.943. Fit indices resulting from the study were RMSEA = 0.084; GFI = 0.839; CFI = 0.902; IFI = 0.902; RFI = 0.824; NFI = 0.843; TLI = 0.889. This study proves that the OSCEPS is a highly reliable and valid scale with strong psychometric properties. It effectively assesses health sciences students' perceptions of OSCE, thereby enhancing the credibility and usefulness of this assessment tool.
Corneal asymmetry contributes decentration in both spherical and toric orthokeratology lenses
Authors: Zhang Ronghan , Chen Shengwen , Ye Anqi , Peng Lulu , Chen Minfeng , Zhu Chengwei , Wang Yanli , Zhao Sijun , Qu Jia , Mao Xinjie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo discuss the characteristics of anterior corneal elevation asymmetry in myopic eyes and clarify which kind of asymmetry most influenced lens position.MethodsIn this retrospective study of 199 consecutive myopic participants, corneal topography was used to analyse asymmetry in anterior corneal elevation. Amongst them, 65 participants (65 eyes) who underwent orthokeratology (31 and 34 with spherical and toric lenses, respectively) were re‐evaluated. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the contributing factors that influenced lens decentration. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was employed to assess how the corneal asymmetry vector could predict decentration.ResultsThere were no significant differences in treatment zone decentration (TZDec) between participants wearing toric and spherical lenses (p = 0.60 and 0.64 for 1 week and 1 month of wear, respectively). Amongst the underlying factors, the magnitude of TZDec was only correlated with the amount of corneal asymmetry vector (standardised β = 0.44, 0.48, p < 0.001 for all) after 1 week and 1 month of wear, and the direction of TZDec after 1 month of lens wear was associated with the angle of the asymmetry vector (r = 0.25, p = 0.04). ROC analysis showed that the magnitude of corneal asymmetry vector produced accurate discrimination between non‐severe and severe decentration for 1 week and 1 month of wear (area under the curve was 0.93 ± 0.04 and 0.89 ± 0.05, respectively, p < 0.001). Amongst participants whose corneal asymmetry vector exceeded 41.06 μm and was oriented inferiorly, 35.29% showed severe decentration after 1 month of lens wear.ConclusionsIn myopic participants, corneal asymmetry existed in the 8.0 mm chord diameter. If the asymmetry vector >41.06 μm and the direction was oriented inferiorly, then practitioners must be vigilant about severe decentration which would not be alleviated by a toric design.
Creeping Stem 1 regulates directional auxin transport for lodging resistance in soybean
Authors: Xu Zhiyong , Zhang Liya , Kong Keke , Kong Jiejie , Ji Ronghuan , Liu Yi , Liu Jun , Li Hongyu , Ren Yulong , Zhou Wenbin , Zhao Tao , Zhao Tuanjie , Liu Bin 
Published: November 2024

SummarySoybean, a staple crop on a global scale, frequently encounters challenges due to lodging under high planting densities, which results in significant yield losses. Despite extensive research, the fundamental genetic mechanisms governing lodging resistance in soybeans remain elusive. In this study, we identify and characterize the Creeping Stem 1 (CS1) gene, which plays a crucial role in conferring lodging resistance in soybeans. The CS1 gene encodes a HEAT‐repeat protein that modulates hypocotyl gravitropism by regulating amyloplast sedimentation. Functional analysis reveals that the loss of CS1 activity disrupts polar auxin transport, vascular bundle development and the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin, ultimately leading to premature lodging and aberrant root development. Conversely, increasing CS1 expression significantly enhances lodging resistance and improves yield under conditions of high planting density. Our findings shed light on the genetic mechanisms that underlie lodging resistance in soybeans and highlight the potential of CS1 as a valuable target for genetic engineering to improve crop lodging resistance and yield.
Changes in SWEET‐mediated sugar partitioning affect photosynthesis performance and plant response to drought
Authors: Aubry Emilie , Clément Gilles , Gilbault Elodie , Dinant Sylvie , Le Hir Rozenn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSugars, produced through photosynthesis, are at the core of all organic compounds synthesized and used for plant growth and their response to environmental changes. Their production, transport, and utilization are highly regulated and integrated throughout the plant life cycle. The maintenance of sugar partitioning between the different subcellular compartments and between cells is important in adjusting the photosynthesis performance and response to abiotic constraints. We investigated the consequences of the disruption of four genes coding for SWEET sugar transporters in Arabidopsis (SWEET11, SWEET12, SWEET16, and SWEET17) on plant photosynthesis and the response to drought. Our results show that mutations in both SWEET11 and SWEET12 genes lead to an increase of cytosolic sugars in mesophyll cells and phloem parenchyma cells, which impacts several photosynthesis‐related parameters. Further, our results suggest that in the swt11swt12 double mutant, the sucrose‐induced feedback mechanism on stomatal closure is poorly efficient. On the other hand, changes in fructose partitioning in mesophyll and vascular cells, measured in the swt16swt17 double mutant, positively impact gas exchanges, probably through an increased starch synthesis together with higher vacuolar sugar storage. Finally, we propose that the impaired sugar partitioning, rather than the total amount of sugars observed in the quadruple mutant, is responsible for the enhanced sensitivity upon drought. This work highlights the importance of considering SWEET‐mediated sugar partitioning rather than global sugar content in photosynthesis performance and plant response to drought. Such knowledge will pave the way to design new strategies to maintain plant productivity in a challenging environment.
Pupil size correlates with heart rate, skin conductance, pulse wave amplitude, and respiration responses during emotional conflict and valence processing
Authors: Chang Yi‐Hsuan , Yep Rachel , Wang Chin‐An 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPupil size is a non‐invasive index for autonomic arousal mediated by the locus coeruleus–norepinephrine (LC‐NE) system. While pupil size and its derivative (velocity) are increasingly used as indicators of arousal, limited research has investigated the relationships between pupil size and other well‐known autonomic responses. Here, we simultaneously recorded pupillometry, heart rate, skin conductance, pulse wave amplitude, and respiration signals during an emotional face–word Stroop task, in which task‐evoked (phasic) pupil dilation correlates with LC‐NE responsivity. We hypothesized that emotional conflict and valence would affect pupil and other autonomic responses, and trial‐by‐trial correlations between pupil and other autonomic responses would be observed during both tonic and phasic epochs. Larger pupil dilations, higher pupil size derivative, and lower heart rates were observed in the incongruent condition compared to the congruent condition. Additionally, following incongruent trials, the congruency effect was reduced, and arousal levels indexed by previous‐trial pupil dilation were correlated with subsequent reaction times. Furthermore, linear mixed models revealed that larger pupil dilations correlated with higher heart rates, higher skin conductance responses, higher respiration amplitudes, and lower pulse wave amplitudes on a trial‐by‐trial basis. Similar effects were seen between positive and negative valence conditions. Moreover, tonic pupil size before stimulus presentation significantly correlated with all other tonic autonomic responses, whereas tonic pupil size derivative correlated with heart rates and skin conductance responses. These results demonstrate a trial‐by‐trial relationship between pupil dynamics and other autonomic responses, highlighting pupil size as an effective real‐time index for autonomic arousal during emotional conflict and valence processing.
Exploring the experience of family members caring for a relative with alcohol use disorder: A phenomenological inquiry
Authors: Brown‐King Clarene E. , Pratt Beth A. , Mammah Kyndall , Morancy Wanda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global concern with negative physical, psychological and social consequences. The ramifications of AUD extend beyond the individual and affect their family caregivers. Yet, the majority of existing research has primarily focused on individuals with AUD and interventions to encourage their abstinence rather than on their support systems.AimIn order to advance a holistic approach, research to address this gap is imperative to understand family caregiver concerns and needs for added support.MethodWe conducted a qualitative study using van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological approach to uncover the meaning of family caregivers' lived experiences and capture the essence of their involvement in caring for a relative with AUD. A purposeful and snowball sample of family members (N = 10) living within the United States participated in a face‐to‐face or virtual, one‐on‐one audio‐recorded interview and a second meeting for member checking the transcribed data. Participants received a $20.00 gift card as a token for their participation.ResultsSix major themes emerged from the description of participants' lived experiences: (1) traversing the peaks and valleys, (2) wandering in the unknown, (3) pointing fingers, (4) weathering the storm, (5) drawing a line and (6) looking back, looking in. Although participants experienced many challenges, they never relinquished and remained committed to their caregiver role. Steadfastly staying with their relatives through crises exemplifies commitment as described by Sister Simone Roach's Theory of Caring. Through the ups and downs, each participant found meaning from the experience, which aligned closely with Starck's Theory of Meaning.ConclusionThis study has implications for nursing practice, public health policy and highlights the need for collaboration to address the existing challenges for family caregivers of relatives with AUD.