bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene expression dynamics following mithramycin treatment: A possible model for post‐chemotherapy cognitive impairment
Authors: Asor Eyal , Ben‐Shachar Dorit 
Published: May 2018

SummaryChemotherapy‐induced cognitive changes is a major burden on a substantial number of cancer survivors. The mechanism of this sequel is unknown. In this study, we followed long‐term effects of early in life mithramycin (MTR) treatment on behaviour and on the normal course of alterations of gene expression in brain. Between post‐natal days (PND) 7 and 10, male rats were divided into 2 groups, 1 receiving MTR (0.1 mg/kg s.c. per day) and the other receiving saline. At PND11, frontal cortex tissue samples were dissected from 4 rats from each group. At PND 65 the remaining rats underwent behavioural tests after which all the rats were decapitated and their prefrontal cortex incised. Rats treated transiently with MTR early in life, showed impairments in spatial working memory and anxious‐like behaviour in adulthood. The immediate molecular effect of MTR was expressed in a limited number of altered genes of different unconnected trajectories, which were simultaneously distorted by the drug. In contrast, 3 months later we observed a change in the expression of more than 1000 genes that converged into specific cellular processes. Time‐dependent gene expression dynamics of several genes was significantly different between treated and untreated rats. The differences in the total number of altered genes and in gene expression trends, immediately and long after MTR treatment cessation, suggest the evolution of a new cellular homeostatic set point, which can lead to behavioural abnormalities following chemotherapy treatment.
C‐reactive protein as a marker of the systemic inflammatory response to surgery reduction within an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in elective colorectal surgery of the elderly: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Cabellos Olivares Mercedes , Labalde Martínez María , Torralba Miguel , Rodríguez Fraile José Ramón , Atance Martínez Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2018

AimThe main aim of the present study was to evaluate the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) to surgery using C‐reactive protein (CRP) in patients <70 and ≥70 years of age, operated on by elective colorectal surgery with an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, and to compare them with a historical cohort with standard care (pre‐ERAS group). The secondary objectives were to analyse the length of stay (LOS) in hospital, 30‐day readmission rates and complications in both age groups.Patients and MethodsThere was a total of 133 patients <70 years (69 in the pre‐ERAS group and 64 in the ERAS group) and 123 patients ≥70 years (66 in the pre‐ERAS group and 57 in the ERAS group). We compared the CRP values on postoperative days (POD) 1, 2 and 3 between the pre‐ERAS/ERAS group, laparoscopic/open surgery and the presence/absence of Clavien–Dindo complications. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess whether ERAS had a decreasing effect on the SIR on POD 1, 2 and 3.ResultsThe groups were well balanced. The ERAS protocol decreased the SIR to surgery in patients ≥70 years. This could explain our good results, where there was a decrease in LOS in hospital in that group without an increase in 30‐day readmission rates or perioperative complications. ERAS protocol did not decrease the SIR at any point in the evolution of patients <70 years. The application of an ERAS protocol in patients≥70 years, laparoscopic surgery and not having complications reduced the SIR.ConclusionERAS could be implemented without reservations in elderly patients undergoing elective colorectal surgeries and decreases the SIR to surgery and LOS in hospital more for younger patients than elderly patients.
Heat sensitivity of eggs attributes to the reduction in Agasicles hygrophila population
Authors: Jia Dong , Yuan Xiao‐Fang , Liu Yan‐Hong , Xu Chao‐Qian , Wang Yuan‐Xin , Gao Ling‐Ling , Ma Rui‐Yan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAgasicles hygrophila has been introduced worldwide as a control agent for the invasive weed Alternanthera philoxeroides. However, global warming has potential impact on its controlling efficacy. The aim of this research was to explore the primary factors responsible for the greatly reduced A. hygrophila population in hot summers. To imitate the temperature conditions in summers, different developmental stages of A. hygrophila were treated with high temperatures from 32.5 °C to 45 °C for 1–5 h. Based on the survival rate, the heat tolerance of each developmental stage was ranked from lowest to highest as follows: egg, 1st, 2nd, 3rd instar larva, adult and pupa. Eggs showed the lowest heat tolerance with 37.5 °C as the critical temperature affecting larval hatching. Heat treatment of the A. hygrophila eggs at 37.5 °C for 1 h decreased the hatch rate to 24%. Our results indicated that when compared with the control at 25 °C, 1 h treatment at 37.5 °C prolonged the duration of the egg stage, shortened the duration of oviposition and total longevity, and changed the reproductive pattern of A. hygrophila. The net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate and finite rate were all significantly reduced. The results suggest that low heat tolerance of the eggs was the major factor responsible for the reduction of A. hygrophila populations, and the key temperature was 37.5 °C. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to protect eggs in order to maintain the efficacy of A. hygrophila in the biological control of A. philoxeroides in hot summers.
Adult mammalian neurogenesis and motivated behaviors
Authors: JORGENSEN Claudia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAdult neurogenesis continues to captivate the curiosity of the scientific community; and researchers seem to have a particular interest in identifying the functional implications of such plasticity. While the majority of research focuses on the association between adult neurogenesis and learning and memory (including spatial learning associated with hippocampal neurogenesis and olfactory discrimination associated with neurogenesis in the olfactory system), the following review will explore the link to motivated behaviors. In particular, goal‐directed behaviors such as sociosexual, parental, aggressive, as well as depression‐ and anxiety‐like behaviors and their reciprocal association to adult neurogenesis will be evaluated. The review will detail research in humans and other mammalian species. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms underlying these neurogenic alterations will be highlighted. Lastly, the review will conclude with a discussion on the functional significance of these newly generated cells in mediating goal‐directed behaviors.
Variation of food availability affects male striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) with different levels of metabolic rate
Authors: WEN Jing , TAN Song , WANG Dehua , ZHAO Zhijun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the present study, we examined metabolic, morphological and neurochemical changes in male striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) in response to variations in food availability. Males with low and high levels of metabolic rate (MR: L‐MR and H‐MR, respectively), defined by their activity MR, were compared. In Experiment 1, 36‐h food deprivation was found to significantly decrease MR levels, body fat content, mass of small and large intestines, and leptin gene expression in the white adipose tissues in male hamsters. Interestingly, L‐MR males displayed decreased MR during both the day and night phases of circadian cycles, whereas H‐MR males only showed a decrease in MR during the day (resting phase). These data indicate that individual differences in physical activity were associated with animals' different metabolic responses to food deprivation. In Experiment 2, both groups of males went through a 4‐week fasting and re‐feeding (re) paradigm. H‐re males showed a persistent high level of MR, with decreased body fat content and a trending decrease in leptin mRNA expression, compared to L‐re males. Together, our data indicate that male striped hamsters with different levels of physical activity display altered, adaptive changes in response to variations in food availability. The neurochemical involvement of such adaptive changes needs to be further studied.
Endoparasites of the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)
Authors: MOSKVINA Tatyana V. , SCHELKANOV Michail Yu. , BEGUN Mariya A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere have been few reports on the diversity and prevalence of parasitic fauna of the endangered Siberian tiger, which inhabits the territory of the Russian Far East. The present review attempts to summarize the information about the parasitic fauna of wild Siberian tigers, which includes 15 helminths and 3 protozoan species. The most prevalent parasitic species was found to be Toxocara cati, followed by Toxascaris leonina. Another commonly recorded Platyhelminth species is Paragonimus westermani, which causes a lethal infection of the lung parenchyma in Siberian tigers. However, the information about infections by this fluke in the Siberian tigers is scarce, although P. westermani infections pose a serious health hazard to tiger populations. The nematodes Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Thominx aerophilus are found in Siberian tigers with an occurrence rate of 2.3% and 19%, respectively. The information on the parasitic infestations of captive populations of Siberian tigers is also presented along with the sources of infection and hazards for the wild tiger populations in their natural environment.
Young Saints and the Knots of Satan: Moral Exemplarity, Ministry and Youth in Early Modern Dissenters’ Writing
Authors: Pritchard Penny 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article considers a key motif for early modern religious writing – the saintly or morally exemplary child – as depicted in both the narratives of actual children's lives and in Defoe's The Family Instructor. Its function in Dissenters’ writing poses fundamental questions concerning the spiritual ‘usefulness’ of reading about others’ lives and the interrelationship between ‘religious’ writing and more imaginative or ‘literary’ texts. The question of authenticity in depictions of children's piety, and the profiles of influential and prolific Dissenting ministers who deploy the saintly child motif, including James Janeway and Thomas Brooks, are also considered.
Catholic Devotion Fitted for the Use of Protestants: Francis de Sales's Introduction à la vie dévote in France and Britain
Authors: Volk‐Birke Sabine 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe issue of prayer is central to many volumes of devotional literature. Although the simple acts of praising, giving thanks and intercession seem uncontroversial, manuals of devotion have different concepts of the capacities, natures and workings of their readers’ minds and choose different methods of training habits of prayer. Such differences are highlighted when a devotional text crosses borders of denomination and language, as in the adaptations of Francis de Sales's Introduction à la vie dévote (1609) by Henry Dodwell (1673) and William Nicholls (1701), which seek to adapt a Catholic best‐seller to the needs of a Protestant readership.
‘My Bright Love shall all this blackness chase’: The Theological Poetry of Elizabeth Singer Rowe
Authors: Clement Jessica 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article examines the influences of Calvinist theology and Cambridge Platonism on the religious poetry of Elizabeth Singer Rowe, specifically considering how she attempts to reconcile these schools of thought in her explorations of the nature of man's perception of the divine and his ability to reason. Analysing Rowe's poetry in this way reveals rich nuances of literary construction and theological enquiry, challenging the view that Dissenting poetry is merely an exercise of piety.
Ithuriel's Spear: Barbauld, Sermons and Citizens, 1789‐93
Authors: Major Emma 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on the years between the start of the French Revolution and the beginning of war between Britain and France. I argue that pulpits and printed sermons became a key battleground for debates about how to interpret the past, present and future of British liberty and the British monarchy. Religion and ideas of liberty were so mutually constitutive that sermons became a focal point for the future of the nation. I discuss a range of related sermons and texts alongside Anna Laetitia Barbauld's Civic Sermons to the People (1792) and Sins of Government, Sins of the Nation (1793).
Effects of quality indicator monitoring for glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis and trends of drug treatment in a Japanese hospital
Authors: Suda Masei , Suyama Yasuhiro , Ohde Sachiko , Tsuda Tokutaro , Sawada Haruki , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Okada Masato 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimsGlobally, the appropriate prescription rate for glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is low. Thus, we aimed to examine the improvement in real‐world GIOP care using a hospital‐wide systematic approach with quality indicator (QI) monitoring.MethodsWe defined a novel QI for GIOP care for the prescription rate of anti‐osteoporotic drugs according to 2010 American College of Rheumatology GIOP management recommendations, with the target being patients prescribed ≥7.5 mg prednisolone daily or its equivalent for ≥3 months. We monitored the glucocorticoid and osteoporotic medication dose for all patients who visited our hospital. From May 2011, we began interventions to improve QI: monthly QI monitoring providing QI‐trend feedback to each department in a hospital‐wide QI meeting every 3 months and organizing lectures on GIOP. We retrospectively analyzed QI trends from 2010 to 2013. We categorized groups by sex and age for subanalyses: group A, men; group B, women, aged <50 years; group C, women, aged ≥50 years.ResultsThe numbers of participants were 401, 420, 520 and 513 in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, with pooled QI rates of 45.8%, 51.3%, 55.0% and 54.8%, respectively. Changes in QI between each consecutive 2 years were statistically significant. Subanalyses showed statistically significant QI improvements in groups A and C. We observed a decreasing trend of daily bisphosphonate use throughout the study period, especially at the Immuno‐Rheumatology Center.ConclusionsQuality indicator monitoring for GIOP significantly improved appropriate anti‐osteoporotic drug prescriptions, especially in men and postmenopausal women.
Prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Mulani Shaunak , McNish Sean , Jones Derek , Shanmugam Victoria K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity in a cohort of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and to assess the frequency of seroconversion during treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α inhibitor therapy.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted through the Wound Etiology and Healing (WE‐HEAL) Study. Immunofluorescence ANA testing was performed at baseline, and repeated when clinically indicated. ANA titers of ≥1 : 160 were considered positive. Data were collected on demographics and disease activity scores including the Hurley stage, the HS Sartorius score (HSS) and the active nodule (AN) count.ResultsAt the time of data lock, 73 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of HS were enrolled, and four (5.4%) had baseline positive ANA. None of the patients had clinical evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus or other autoimmune diseases. There were no significant differences in demographics, baseline HSS (43.25 ± 47.55 compared to 59.48 ± 56.67, P = 0.58) or AN count (3.25 ± 3.20 compared to 3.45 ± 2.36, P = 0.87) in the ANA positive group. Of the 69 patients who were ANA negative at enrollment, 31 (45%) received TNF‐α inhibitor therapy. During follow up, one patient developed drug‐induced lupus secondary to TNF‐α inhibitor use. Additionally, one patient seroconverted to ANA positive without sequelae and one patient developed drug‐induced hepatitis secondary to TNF‐α inhibitor use.ConclusionThe prevalence of baseline ANA positivity in this HS population was similar to that seen in the general population (5.4%). The rate of seroconversion and drug‐induced complications in this population were low.
Effect of different hepatitis B infection status on the prognosis of active lupus nephritis treated with immunosuppression: a retrospective analysis of 177 patients
Authors: Fang Jing , Li Wenge , Tan Min , Peng Xiangxin , Tan Zhao , Wang Wenbo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimTo analyze whether different hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status influenced the prognosis of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) under immunosuppressive therapy.MethodsA retrospective study enrolled 177 adults with active LN (Classes III, IV, V or mixed), and divided them into three groups: (i) HBV‐free group (n = 93), antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen positive only or all items negative; (ii) occult HBV infection group (n = 68), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen positive with undetectable HBV DNA; and (iii) HBV infection group (n = 16), HBsAg‐positive. The composite renal outcome was defined as a composite of progression to end‐stage renal disease, 50% estimated glomerular filtration rate decrease, or death.ResultsThe HBV infection rate was 9.04% in active LN. In the HBV infection group, a greater proportion of patients delayed immunosuppressive therapy, reduced prednisone dose, used mycophenolate mofetil in the first induction phase, received immunoglobulin pulse therapy, as well as avoided methylprednisolone pulse treatment (P < 0.05). The composite renal outcome was significantly different among the three groups: 4/93 (4.30%) of the HBV‐free group, 7/68 (10.29%) of the occult HBV infection group, and 4/16 (25.00%) of HBV infection group (P = 0.018). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified three independent risk factors of composite renal outcome: active HBV carrier (odds ratio [OR] 10.342, 95% CI 2.151–66.053, P = 0.017), cycle of immunosuppression > 1 (OR 3.345, 95% CI 1.201–9.983, P = 0.025), and delayed immunosuppressive therapy (OR 3.118, 95% CI 1.207–10.662, P = 0.031).ConclusionsAll these results suggested that HBV infection status might confer a worse prognosis for patients with active LN.
Clinical outcomes are associated with changes in ultrasonographic structural appearance after platelet‐rich plasma treatment for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ahmad Hamada S. , Farrag Sherief E. , Okasha Amr E. , Kadry Aisha O. , Ata Tamer B. , Monir Amir A. , Shady Ibrahim 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) are two treatment options used for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) but studies comparing the efficacy of the two yield conflicting results. In addition, the association of clinical outcomes of PRP intra‐articular injections with changes in the ultrasonography structural appearance of the knee has not been investigated.AimTo compare the efficacy of PRP and HA intra‐articular injections as mono‐therapeutic options for primary KOA, and to determine whether the clinical outcomes are associated with changes in the ultrasonography structural appearance.Subjects and methodsA randomized clinical trial was conducted on 89 patients with KOA. The patients were given either PRP (n = 45) or HA (n = 44) intra‐articular injections. The patients received three injections in the knee, which was more symptomatic at baseline evaluation, with a 2‐week interval between injections. The outcome measures included visual analog score – pain, International Knee Documentation Committee Score, and assessment of synovial hypertrophy, synovial vascularity and knee effusion using ultrasonography. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post‐injection.ResultsWhile both PRP and HA injections resulted in the improvement of all outcome measures at 3 and 6 months follow up, they were significantly better in the PRP group than in the HA group.ConclusionIntra‐articular injection of PRP is an effective treatment that reduced pain and improved functional status in patients with KOA. The clinical outcomes of the intra‐articular injections of PRP are associated with improved synovial hypertrophy and vascularity scores, and less effusion.
Risk factors for disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Nakano Kentaro , Sugiyama Kumiya , Satoh Hideyuki , Shiromori Sadaaki , Sugitate Kei , Arifuku Hajime , Yoshida Naruo , Watanabe Hiroyoshi , Tokita Shingo , Wakayama Tomoshige , Tatewaki Masamitsu , Souma Ryosuke , Koyama Kenya , Hirata Hirokuni , Fukushima Yasutsugu 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe mortality rate from disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is higher in patients with lung cancer than in non‐lung cancer patients. Moreover, the prevalence of DIC varies among the pathologic types of lung cancer. This study analyzed the relationship between coagulation factors and the pathologic types of lung cancer.MethodsTwenty‐six patients with progressive, inoperable stage IIB or higher lung cancer (20 men, 6 women; mean age 71 years; 11 Adeno, 10 squamous cell carcinoma, and 5 small cell carcinoma) and five healthy volunteers without respiratory disease (3 men, 2 women; mean age 72 years) were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected at lung cancer diagnosis, before treatment.ResultsWhite blood cell count, platelet count, serum C‐reactive protein, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, fibrinogen, thrombin‐antithrombin complex, and D‐dimer levels differed significantly between lung cancer patients and the control group, but not among the pathologic types of lung cancer. Thrombomodulin levels were significantly higher in patients with Adeno and squamous cell carcinoma than in those with small cell carcinoma (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Antithrombin levels were significantly lower in patients with squamous cell carcinoma than in those with Adeno (P < 0.05).ConclusionCoagulation disorders may develop secondary to chronic inflammation in patients with progressive lung cancer. DIC in lung cancer may be attributed to changes in anticoagulation factors, such as thrombomodulin and antithrombin, but not in other coagulation factors.
The bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE—palaeographical and philological remarks
Authors: Multhoff Anne , Stein Peter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Aramaic‐Hasaitic bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha published inArabian Archaeology and Epigraphy27 (2016) is one of the most important epigraphic discoveries from the entire Gulf region. The inscription, which is in an extraordinarily good state of preservation, is not only one of the most comprehensive texts from the region in terms of its languages and scripts, but also provides unique historical information. It contains the first ever reference to a kingdom of Oman and is probably dated to the Seleucid era, about the year 222/221 or 215/214 BCE (Overlaet, Macdonald & Stein,). Within two years of its publication, epigraphic research in Mleiha and beyond has yielded some new results which contribute to an improved perception of this extraordinary inscription. These mainly concern the palaeography of the Aramaic script, including the modified reading of some letters, the use of the wordbrfor ‘son’, and the historical background of the functionary titlebqrin the Hasaitic version. Finally, reference is made to some more epigraphic artefacts from Mleiha which are suitable for re‐evaluating the historic importance of the site.