bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Moisture Origins of Tornadic Thunderstorms
Authors: Molina Maria J. , Allen John T. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTornadic thunderstorms rely on the availability of sufficient low-level moisture, but the source regions of that moisture have not been explicitly demarcated. Using the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory HYSPLIT model and a Lagrangian-based diagnostic, moisture attribution was conducted to identify the moisture source regions of tornadic convection. This study reveals a seasonal cycle in the origins and advection patterns of water vapor contributing to winter and spring tornado-producing storms (1981–2017). The Gulf of Mexico is shown to be the predominant source of moisture during both winter and spring, making up more than 50% of all contributions. During winter, substantial moisture contributions for tornadic convection also emanate from the western Caribbean Sea (>19%) and North Atlantic Ocean (>12%). During late spring, land areas (e.g., soil and vegetation) of the contiguous United States (CONUS) play a more influential role (>24%). Moisture attribution was also conducted for nontornadic cases and tornado outbreaks. Findings show that moisture sources of nontornadic events are more proximal to the CONUS than moisture sources of tornado outbreaks. Oceanic influences on the water vapor content of air parcels were also explored to determine if they can increase the likelihood of an air mass attaining moisture that will eventually contribute to severe thunderstorms. Warmer sea surface temperatures were generally found to enhance evaporative fluxes of overlying air parcels. The influence of atmospheric features on synoptic-scale moisture advection was also analyzed; stronger extratropical cyclones and Great Plains low-level jet occurrences lead to increased meridional moisture flux.
Pressure ulcers in patients receiving palliative care: A systematic review
Authors: Ferris Amy , Price Annie , Harding Keith 
Published: April 2019

Background: Pressure ulcers are associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as high cost to the health service. Although often linked with inadequate care, in some patients, they may be unavoidable. Aim: This systematic review aims to quantify the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers in patients receiving palliative care and identify the risk factors for pressure ulcer development in these patients as well as the temporal relationship between pressure ulcer development and death. Design: The systematic review is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42017078211) and conducted in accordance with the ‘PRISMA’ pro forma. Articles were reviewed by two independent authors. Data sources: MEDLINE (1946–22 September 2017), EMBASE (1996–22 September 2017), CINAHL (1937–22 September 2017) and Cochrane Library databases were searched. In all, 1037 articles were identified and 12 selected for analysis based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Overall pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence were found to be 12.4% and 11.7%, respectively. The most frequently identified risk factors were decreased mobility, increased age, high Waterlow score and long duration of stay. Conclusion: The prevalence of pressure ulcers is higher in patients receiving palliative care than the general population. While this should not be an excuse for poor care, it does not necessarily mean that inadequate care has been provided. Skin failure, as with other organ failures, may be an inevitable part of the dying process for some patients.
Ovarian preservation for premenopausal women with early-stage endometrial cancer: a Chinese retrospective study
Authors: Lyu Tianjiao , Guo Lu , Chen Xiaojun , Jia Nan , Gu Chao , Zhu Menghan , Zhao Yuqing , Liu Xiaoxia , Feng Weiwei 
Published: April 2019

Objective This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the safety of ovarian preservation of premenopausal women with stage 1a endometrial carcinoma. Methods We performed a population-based study to identify surgically treated stage Ia endometrial cancer of premenopausal women who were diagnosed between August 1989 and December 2015 in our center. Survival outcomes and recurrence rate were examined for premenopausal women who underwent ovarian preservation. Recurrence-free survival rates were calculated following generation of Kaplan–Meier curves and were compared with the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the independent factors affecting the recurrence rate. Results Patients with ovarian preservation tended to be significantly younger at diagnosis, have less myometrial invasion, and were less likely to undergo lymphadenectomy compared with women treated with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. There was no significant difference in recurrence-free survival between the two groups. In the Cox regression model, ovarian preservation remained an independent prognostic factor for improved overall survival. Conclusion Ovarian preservation does not have a negative effect on oncological outcomes. Ovarian preservation can be applied to premenopausal women with stage Ia endometrial carcinoma.
3D Talar Kinematics During External Rotation Stress Testing in Hindfoot Varus and Valgus Using a Model of Syndesmotic and Deep Deltoid Instability
Authors: Goetz Jessica E. , Vaseenon Tanawat , Tochigi Yuki , Amendola Annunziato , Femino John E. 
Published: April 2019

Background: External rotation stress (ERS) identifies ankle instability after fibular reduction of rotational ankle injuries. Combined hindfoot and ankle motions and an inconsistent starting position could mask differing degrees of instability resulting from syndesmotic and/or deltoid ligament disruption. The goal of this work was to use full 3D talar kinematics to evaluate the effects of hindfoot orientation and foot starting position during ERS on the ability to detect instability caused by ligament disruptions. Methods: Six cadaveric ankles with metallic fiducial markers were CT scanned in neutral and 3 stress positions: varus hindfoot internal rotation stress (IRS-var), valgus hindfoot ERS (ERS-val), and varus hindfoot ERS (ERS-var). Scans were obtained in stress positions after transecting the deep deltoid ligament (tDDL) and then the syndesmotic ligaments (tDDL+Syn). Talar rotations and translations were computed in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes in each stress position. Changes in a fixed center of rotation (CoR) relative to the intact sequence were calculated. Results: Axial plane rotation beginning from IRS-var increased significantly for each level of ligamentous instability ( P < .05 for all conditions) (10.9 degrees, intact; 14.1 degrees, tDDL; 22.7 degrees, tDDL+Syn during ERS-val; and 16.4 degrees, intact; 23.1 degrees, tDDL; 29.9 degrees, tDDL+Syn during ERS-var). With ERS-val, the talar CoR moved medially (3.6-5.4 mm) and posteriorly (0.5-5.2 mm); ERS-var moved anterior/laterally or posterior/medially depending on the specific ligamentous instability. With tDDL+Syn the ankle became grossly unstable and there were no clear trends in sagittal/coronal rotation or translation. Conclusion: An ERS test from internal to external rotation consistently differentiates between normal, tDDL, and tDDL+Syn. Talar CoR moved outside the mortise with ligamentous instability. Clinical Relevance: Significant residual deep deltoid instability is likely underrecognized with current practice. The most discriminatory test for detecting such instability in our laboratory was an ERS test performed by internally rotating the foot to a hard, bony endpoint, positioning the hindfoot in varus, and then performing the entire external rotation maneuver while maintaining the varus hindfoot position.
Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Is an Effective Treatment at Midterm Follow-up in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Hoburg Arnd , Löer Ingo , Körsmeier Konrad , Siebold Rainer , Niemeyer Philipp , Fickert Stefan , Ruhnau Klaus 
Published: April 2019

Background: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is an established method for treating cartilage defects in the knee of adult patients. However, less is known about its effectiveness in adolescents. Hypothesis: Third-generation matrix-associated ACI (MACI) using spheroids (co.don chondrosphere/Spherox) is an effective and safe treatment for articular cartilage defects in adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, with outcomes comparable with those for young adults aged 18 to 34 years. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 71 patients (29 adolescents, 42 young adults) who had undergone ACI using spheroids were evaluated retrospectively in this multicenter study. For adolescents, the mean defect size was 4.6 ± 2.4 cm2, and the follow-up range was 3.5 to 8.0 years (mean, 63.3 months). For young adults, the mean defect size was 4.7 ± 1.2 cm2, and the follow-up range was 3.8 to 4.3 years (mean, 48.4 months). At the follow-up assessment, outcomes were assessed by using validated questionnaires (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS], International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC] subjective knee evaluation form and current health assessment form, and modified Lysholm score), the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score, and if relevant, time to treatment failure. Safety was assessed by the treatment failure rate. Results: No significant difference between the 2 study groups was found for KOOS, IKDC, or MOCART scores, with all patients achieving high functional values. A significant difference was found in the modified Lysholm score, favoring the young adult group over the adolescent group (22.3 ± 1.9 vs 21.0 ± 2.4, respectively; P = .0123). There were no differences between the rates of treatment failure, with 3% in the adolescent group and 5% in the young adult group. Conclusion: Third-generation MACI using spheroids is a safe and effective treatment for large cartilage defects of the knee in adolescents at midterm follow-up. Outcomes are comparable with those for young adults after ACI.
Impact of a Cancer Urgent Care Clinic on Regional Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Hong Arthur S. , Froehlich Thomas , Clayton Hobbs Stephanie , Lee Simon J. Craddock , Halm Ethan A. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE: Did the creation of an urgent care clinic specifically for patients with cancer affect emergency department visits among adults newly diagnosed with cancer? PATIENTS AND METHODS: We applied an interrupted time series analysis to adjusted monthly emergency department visits made by adults age 18 years or older who were diagnosed with cancer between 2009 and 2016 at a comprehensive cancer center. Cancer registry patients were linked to a longitudinal regional database of emergency department and hospital visits. Because the urgent care clinic was closed on weekends, we took advantage of the natural experiment by comparing weekend visits as a control group. Our primary outcome was emergency department visits within 180 days after a cancer diagnosis, compiled as adjusted monthly rates of emergency department visits per 1,000 patient-months. We analyzed subsequent hospitalizations as a secondary outcome. RESULTS: The rate of weekday emergency department visits was increasing at a rate of 0.43 visits (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.57 visits) per month before May 2012, then fell in half to a rate of 0.19 visits (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.28 visits) per month ( P = .007) after the urgent care clinic was established. In contrast, the weekend visit rate was growing at a rate of 0.08 visits (95% CI, −0.03 to 0.19 visits) per month before May 2012 and 0.05 (95% CI, −0.02 to 0.13 visits; P = .533) afterward. By the end of 2016, there were 15.3 fewer monthly weekday emergency department visits than expected ( P = .005). Trends in weekday hospitalizations were not significantly changed. CONCLUSION: Although only one in eight emergency department–visiting patients also used the urgent care clinic, the growth rate of emergency department visits fell by half after the urgent care clinic was established.
CRISPR/Cas9-generated mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy recapitulating a newly identified large 430 kb deletion in the human DMD gene
Authors: Egorova Tatiana V. , Zotova Evgenia D. , Reshetov Denis A. , Polikarpova Anna V. , Vassilieva Svetlana G. , Vlodavets Dmitry V. , Gavrilov Alexey A. , Ulianov Sergey V. , Buchman Vladimir L. , Deykin Alexei V. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Exon skipping is a promising strategy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) disease-modifying therapy. To make this approach safe, ensuring that excluding one or more exons will restore the reading frame and that the resulting protein will retain critical functions of the full-length dystrophin protein is necessary. However, in vivo testing of the consequences of skipping exons that encode the N-terminal actin-binding domain (ABD) has been confounded by the absence of a relevant animal model. We created a mouse model of the disease recapitulating a novel human mutation, a large de novo deletion of exons 8-34 of the DMD gene, found in a Russian DMD patient. This mutation was achieved by deleting exons 8-34 of the X-linked mouse Dmd gene using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, which led to a reading frame shift and the absence of functional dystrophin production. Male mice carrying this deletion display several important signs of muscular dystrophy, including a gradual age-dependent decrease in muscle strength, increased creatine kinase, muscle fibrosis and central nucleation. The degrees of these changes are comparable to those observed in mdx mice, a standard laboratory model of DMD. This new model of DMD will be useful for validating therapies based on skipping exons that encode the N-terminal ABD and for improving our understanding of the role of the N-terminal domain and central rod domain in the biological function of dystrophin. Simultaneous skipping of exons 6 and 7 should restore the gene reading frame and lead to the production of a protein that might retain functionality despite the partial deletion of the ABD.
Li-Ion Conductive Li3PO4-Li3BO3-Li2SO4 Mixture: Prevision through Density Functional Molecular Dynamics and Machine Learning
Authors: Sumita Masato , Tamura Ryo , Homma Kenji , Kaneta Chioko , Tsuda Koji 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The development of high Li-ion conductive solid electrolytes is crucial for the practical use of all solid-state Li-ion batteries. The mixing of hetero Li-ion conductive substances is a known method for enhancing the Li-ion conductivity more than in the original substances. In this study, using computer simulations, we proved that a ternary Li3PO4-Li3BO3-Li2SO4 system has the potential to indicate improved Li-ion conductivity based on the introduction of a pseudo-Li-ion/oxygen vacancy. The Li-ion conductivities of this ternary system were calculated using several model systems based on the density functional molecular dynamics under an isothermal-isobaric ensemble. However, an exploration using the density functional molecular dynamics cannot cover the entire combinatorial space owing to a lack of computational capability. To search through a vast combinatorial space, we conducted analyses using a machine learning technique. The analysis results clarify the relationship between Li-ion conductivity and phonon free energy, and allow the optimum composition ratio with the highest Li-ion conductivity to be predicted.
Cloud security: to prevent unauthorized access using an efficient key management authentication algorithm
Authors: Naveen Kumar S , Nirmala K 
Published: April 2019

Presently a-days Cloud registering is rising field in light of its Performance, high accessibility, easily. Information store is principle future that cloud benefit gives to the huge association to store tremendous measure of information. Yet at the same time numerous associations are not prepared to execute distributed computing innovation since absence of security. So the principle goal of this paper is to understand the security issues and to anticipate unapproved access in distributed storage, it should be possible with the assistance of an effective validation strategy by utilizing cross breed verification calculation to give security of the information in cloud and guarantee amending code to keep up the nature of administration. In any case, solid client confirmation that confines illicit access to the administration giving servers is the foremost prerequisite for securing cloud condition
Capacity comparison of MIMO and cooperative MIMO
Authors: Kumar Sarangi Ashish , Mukherjee Amrit , Datta Amlan 
Published: April 2019

To achieve high capacity and high data rates is the main requirement for today’s generation. This paper studies about the performance and capacity comparison of MIMO and cooperative MIMO systems. The comparison of capacity between multiple- input- multiple- output (MIMO) and cooperative MIMO systems helps us to know that which system have better performance and better capacity. The simulation results shows that among SISO, SIMO, MISO and MIMO system the capacity of MIMO will be better but in between MIMO and cooperative MIMO, Cooperative MIMO system have high capacity than MIMO systems.
Enhanced AODV Protocol to Secure Routing in MANET with Optimization Techniques
Authors: Keerthika V , N. Malarvizhi Dr 
Published: April 2019

Mobile Adhoc Network is the infrastructure less network. Routing in MANET is the process of information or the packets transmission to the destination node from the source. The routing protocol controls the data flow in any network, it will make efficient to reach its destination. Most protocols are vulnerable to attacks in open media communications and wide are distribution. Since we are in need of better routing protocols are needed for an efficient data transmitting to improve the MANET features. In this paper, we proposed enhanced AODV routing protocol using ABC optimization algorithm to provide secure Routing in MANET. The simulations carried out in NS2 are provided to demonstrate the performance using parameter threshold, throughput, packet success rate, computational overhead, routing overhea .
Calcium Phosphate Bioceramic Material Local Influence on the Bone Biomechanical Properties at Rabbits with Experimental Osteoporosis
Authors: Ananjevs Vladislavs , Anaņjeva Aleksandra , Vetra Janis , Skagers Andrejs , Salma Ilze , Locs Janis , Kasyanov Vladimir 
Published: April 2019

Biomechanical characteristics of the rabbit cartilage component from the femur were investigated. The control osteoporosis had been activated by ovariectomy alongside the injections of methylprednisolone. During the experiment defects in the femur’s greater trochanter zone was created and afterwards filled with the fragments of a hydroxyapatite as well as tricalcium phosphate (HAP/TCP 70/30) or HAP/TCP 70/30 mixed with five percent strontium. Three months later animals were euthanazed, squared samples were cut out from the femur’s body and later tested on a bend. The results of the research revealed that the femurs become more stringent after filling off defects in the greater trochanter zone with HAP/TCP 70/30 or HAP/TCP 70/30 mixed with five percent strontium. The ultimate pain for the cartilage component in the control groups was less, than in the test group. The flexure modulus of flexibility of a cartilage component in the test group was statistically reliable less, than the value of the flexure modulus of flexibility of the cartilage component in the control groups. Therefore, local usage of calcium – phosphatic bioceramic component over the greater trochanter part increases biomechanical characteristics of the cartilage component in the femur of animals.
Postdiffset: an Eclat-like algorithm for frequent itemset mining
Authors: A.W.A. Bakar W , A. Jalil M , Man M , Abdullah Z , Mohd F 
Published: April 2019

Frequent itemset mining is a major field in data mining techniques. This is because it deals with usual and normal occurrences of set of items in a database transaction. Originated from market basket analysis, frequent itemset generation may lead to the formulation of association rule as to derive correlation or patterns. Association rule mining still remains as one of the most prominent areas in data mining that aims to extract interesting correlations, frequent patterns, association or casual structures among set of items in the transaction databases. Underlying structure of association rules mining algorithms are based upon horizontal or vertical data formats. These two data formats have been widely discussed by showing few examples of algorithm of each data formats. The works on horizontal approaches suffer in many candidate generation and multiple database scans that contributes to higher memory consumptions. In response to improve on horizontal approach, the works on vertical approaches are established. Eclat algorithm is one example of algorithm in vertical approach database format. Motivated to its ‘fast intersection’, in this paper, we review and analyze the fundamental Eclat and Eclat-variants such as tidset, diffset, and sortdiffset. In response to vertical data format and as a continuity to Eclat extension, we propose a postdiffset algorithm as a new member in Eclat variants that use tidset format in the first looping and diffset in the later looping. We present the performance of postdiffset results in time execution as to indicate some improvements has been achieved in frequent itemset mining.
Globalization and New Trends in Management – Europe Union Security Aspects
Authors: Nowakowska -Grunt Joanna , Maśloch Piotr 
Published: April 2019

This article attempts to define what contemporary globalization is and present opportunities and threats this process generates. The purpose of this paper is also to show how dynamically the reality in Europe is changing and how new threats associated with economy, management and other processes. The globalization processes of the economies worldwide and the dynamic development of trade and international cooperation create new conditions and threats, under which countries and social-political-economic organizations (e.g. EU) must operate.Experience over the last years has shown, that even the strongest supporters of openness to other values and culture, which are new for Europe, have revised their views, surprised by the scale of illegal immigrations and others EU security aspects.
A Unified Frame Work to Integrate Hadoop and IOT to Resolve the Issues of Storage, Processing with Leveraging Capacity of Analytics
Authors: Syam Prasad Gudapati , Rajesh P , Wasim Akram Sk 
Published: April 2019

The new trend in the research and real time applications is Internet of Things (IOT). The functional benefits of IOT are ranging from smart house to smart cities. The main purpose of IOT is to integrate various devices logically and interacting between the devices without human intervention. The current discussion mainly focuses on leveraging the capacity of analytics in IOT and resolves the storage issues of the bulk data generated by IOT. The proposed idea gives the usage of Hadoop platform to store the data and from that data performing analytics for the sake of better utilization of IOT communications. The importance is explained with some real time scenarios where there is perfect blend of Hadoop platform and IOT. To store the various categories of the data Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) can be used, and to ingest the data from external platforms we can make use of Sqoop or Flume. The data available in HDFS can be used to process with the usage of Map Reduce (MR)technique. Once the data is available in HDFS the analytics can be performed with Hive, Pig or R in the context of Machine learning or data mining techniques. The outcome of the proposed idea is integration of Hadoop and IOT platforms with a unified frame work which accommodates the integration of Hadoop and IOT, storage provisions to handle bulk data, processing of the stored data and applying analytics so as to effectively serve various stake holders.