bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High intimal flap mobility assessed by intravascular ultrasound is associated with better short-term results after TEVAR in chronic aortic dissection
Authors: Lortz Julia , Papathanasiou Maria , Rammos Christos , Steinmetz Martin , Lind Alexander , Tsagakis Konstantinos , Schlosser Thomas , Jakob Heinz , Rassaf Tienush , Jánosi Rolf Alexander 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in chronic aortic dissection remains controversial. We analysed whether a high intimal flap mobility (IFM) of the dissection membrane has an impact on aortic remodelling after TEVAR in chronic Type B aortic dissection. Patients undergoing TEVAR with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were analysed and IFM was calculated. High IFM was defined as maximum flap amplitude >3 mm. For determining aortic remodelling, the degree of true lumen (TL) expansion was analysed in the last available follow-up CT. Fifty-two patients (63.6 ± 15.4 years) with a mean follow-up of 26.6 ± 20.7 months were analysed. The mobile flap group (n = 29) showed higher absolute TL expansion at the distal stent-graft (5.9 ± 3.1 vs. 3.3 ± 5.4 mm; p = 0.036) and a higher increase in TL diameter (18 ± 10 vs. 9 ± 15%; p = 0.017) compared to the non-mobile group (n = 23). Basic TEVAR-related outcome characteristics were comparable, but the mobile intimal flap group showed a lower re-intervention rate (3 vs. 8pts.; p = 0.032) in chronic dissections. High IFM in chronic Type B aortic dissection is linked to improved aortic remodelling and is associated with a lower re-intervention rate over time. IVUS assessment of IFM in chronic Type B aortic dissection might be helpful in identifying patients with better remodelling after TEVAR.
Individual differences in working memory capacity and cue-guided behavior in humans
Authors: Garofalo Sara , Battaglia Simone , di Pellegrino Giuseppe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInformation gathered via Pavlovian and Instrumental learning can be integrated to guide behavior, in a phenomenon experimentally known as Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer (PIT). In particular, in appetitive PIT, a reward-associated cue is able to enhance the instrumental response previously associated with the same (outcome-specific PIT), or a similar (general PIT), reward. The PIT effect is increasingly investigated for its numerous implications in clinical contexts as well as daily life situations. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism behind it is not yet clear. The relation between the PIT effect and high-level cognitive abilities - like working memory - is still unknown, but potentially relevant to unveil its functioning. The present study aims to examine the precise relationship between individual differences in working memory and the two forms of PIT effect, namely outcome-specific and general. For this purpose, 100 participants underwent a classical PIT paradigm. Results showed a relationship between individual working memory and outcome-specific PIT, but not general PIT. Importantly, the role of working memory was not related to the acquisition of the learning contingencies, but rather linked to an imbalance between congruent and incongruent choices. The results are discussed in terms of the adaptive and maladaptive implications for human behavior.
The importance of inter-individual Kupffer cell variability in the governance of hepatic toxicity in a 3D primary human liver microtissue model
Authors: Kermanizadeh Ali , Brown David M. , Moritz Wolfgang , Stone Vicki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe potential for nanomaterial (NM) translocation to secondary organs is a realistic prospect, with the liver one of the most important target organs. Traditional in vitro or ex vivo hepatic toxicology models are often limiting and/or troublesome (i.e. short life-span reduced metabolic activity, lacking important cell populations, high inter-individual variability, etc.). Building on previous work, this study utilises a 3D human liver microtissue (MT) model (MT composed of mono-culture of hepatocytes or two different co-culture MT systems with non-parenchymal cell (NPC) fraction sourced from different donors) to investigate the importance of inter-donor variability of the non-parenchymal cell population in the overall governance of toxicological response following exposure to a panel of NMs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to investigate inter-donor variability in hepatic NPC population. The data showed that the Kupffer cells were crucial in dictating the overall hepatic toxicity following exposure to the materials. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was noted between the two co-culture MT models. However, the trend for particle-induced biological responses was similar between the co-cultures (cytotoxicity, cytokine production and caspase activity). Therefore, despite the recognition of some discrepancies in the absolute values between the co-culture models, the fact that the trends and patterns of biological responses were comparable between the multi-cellular models we propose the 3D liver MT to be a valuable tool in particle toxicology.
Impact of sleep health on self-perceived health status
Authors: Dalmases Mireia , Benítez Ivan , Sapiña-Beltran Esther , Garcia-Codina Oriol , Medina-Bustos Antonia , Escarrabill Joan , Saltó Esteve , Buysse Daniel J. , Plana Rosa E. , Sánchez-de-la-Torre Manuel , Barbé Ferran , de Batlle Jordi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough sleep habits have long been recognized as a promoter of health, the World Health Organization 2014 report on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) only listed smoking, alcohol intake, diet and physical activity (PA) as key modifiable risk factors that could enhance health and prevent NCDs. Cross-sectional data on 4385 surveys from the 2015 Catalan Health Survey, representative of the 2015 non-institutionalized Catalan population over age 14, were used to assess and compare the independent associations of low PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): low activity); poor diet (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea questionnaire (PREDIMED): low-adherent); poor sleep health (Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency and Duration scale (SATED): <8); smoking status; and, alcohol intake (high-risk drinker based on standard drink units) with having a poor self-perceived health status. Logistic regression models adjusted by age, gender, education level and number of comorbidities showed that poor sleep health had the strongest independent association with poor self-perceived health status (OR = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.37–2.12), followed by poor diet (OR = 1.37; 95%CI: 1.10–1.72) and low PA (OR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.01–1.69). This suggests that sleep habits should be included among the important modifiable health risk factors and be considered a key component of a healthy lifestyle.
The Mott to Kondo transition in diluted Kondo superlattices
Authors: Lee Hovan , Plekhanov Evgeny , Blackbourn David , Acharya Swagata , Weber Cedric 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn condensed matter, a tremendous effort has been generated to realise Kondo lattices both experimentally and theoretically. The pursuit of independent magnetic moments, via charge localization, is paramount for applications in nanotechnology. Particularly, systems with simultaneous charge/spin degrees of freedom can manifest both Kondo spin quenching and Mott–Hubbard charge localization. Experimental frameworks illuminating pathways between the two are physically and technologically significant, and hardly observed in reality. Recent developments in controlling densities/temperatures of strongly correlated impurities on surfaces has opened up new possibilities. Such systems introduce mechanisms to study Kondo/Mott-physics interplay methodically. However, the pathway between Kondo physics and charge localization remains elusive. In this work, we investigate the phase diagram of superlattice structures of f-elements on substrates, assessing required conditions for obtaining Kondo superlattices. We unveil pathways between Kondo quenching and Mott localization, and identify non-trivial charge density waves emerging from the competition of charge localization and Kondo physics.
The orphan nuclear receptor TLX: an emerging master regulator of cross-talk between microglia and neural precursor cells
Authors: Lucassen Paul J. , van Dam Anne-Marie , Kandel Prasanna , Bielefeld Pascal , Korosi Aniko , Fitzsimons Carlos P. , Maletic-Savatic Mirjana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Neuroinflammation and neurogenesis have both been the subject of intensive investigation over the past 20 years. The sheer complexity of their regulation and their ubiquity in various states of health and disease have sometimes obscured the progress that has been made in unraveling their mechanisms and regulation.
A recent study by Kozareva et al. (Neuronal Signaling (2019) 3), provides evidence that the orphan nuclear receptor TLX is central to communication between microglia and neural precursor cells and could help us understand how inflammation, mediated by microglia, influences the development of new neurons in the adult hippocampus.
Here, we put recent studies on TLX into the context of what is known about adult neurogenesis and microglial activation in the brain, along with the many hints that these processes must be inter-related.
Analyses of celestial pole offsets with VLBI, LLR, and optical observations
Authors: Cheng Y.-T. , Liu J.-C. , Zhu Z. 
Published: May 2019

Aims. This work aims to explore the possibilities of determining the long-period part of the precession-nutation of the Earth with techniques other than very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). Lunar laser ranging (LLR) is chosen for its relatively high accuracy and long period. Results of previous studies could be updated using the latest data with generally higher quality, which would also add ten years to the total time span. Historical optical data are also analyzed for their rather long time-coverage to determine whether it is possible to improve the current Earth precession-nutation model.
Methods. Celestial pole offsets (CPO) series were obtained from LLR and optical observations and were analyzed separately by weighted least-square fits of three empirical models, including a quadratic model, a linear term plus an 18.6-year nutation term, and a linear term plus two nutation terms with 18.6-year and 9.3-year periods. Joint analyses of VLBI and LLR data is also presented for further discussion.
Results. We improved th determination of the nutation terms with both VLBI and LLR data. The VLBI data present a most reliable feature of the CPO series with the highest accuracy, and they are most important for determining the precession-nutation of the Earth. The standard errors of CPO obtained from the LLR technique have reached a level of several tens of microarcseconds after 2007, but they are probably underestimated because the models used in the calculation procedure are not perfect. Nevertheless, the poor time resolution of LLR CPO series is also a disadvantage. However, this indicates that LLR has the potential to determine celestial pole offsets with a comparably high accuracy with VLBI in the future and to serve as an independent check for the VLBI results. The current situation of LLR observations is also analyzed to provide suggestions of future improvement. The typical standard error of CPO series from historic optical observations is about two hundred times larger than that of the VLBI series and can therefore hardly contribute to the contemporary precession-nutation theory.
First detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in red-bellied tree squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) in China
Authors: Chai Yijun , Deng Lei , Liu Haifeng , Yao Jingxin , Zhong Zhijun , Xiang Leiqiong , Fu Hualin , Shen Liuhong , Zhou Ziyao , Deng Junliang , Hu Yanchun , Peng Guangneng 
Published: May 2019

Cryptosporidium spp. are opportunistic pathogens that cause diarrhea in a variety of animal hosts. Although they have been reported in many animals, no information has been published on the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in red-bellied tree squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus). A total of 287 fecal specimens were collected from Sichuan province in China; the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp., measured by nested-PCR amplification of the partial small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, was 1.4% (4/287). Three different Cryptosporidium species or genotypes were identified: Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 1), Cryptosporidium wrairi (n = 1), and Cryptosporidium rat genotype II (n = 2). The present study is the first report of Cryptosporidium infection in red-bellied tree squirrels in China. Although there is a relatively low occurrence of Cryptosporidium, the presence of C. parvum and C. wrairi, which were previously reported in humans, indicates that red-bellied tree squirrels may be a source of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis in China.
Wirksamkeit des Rezepts für Bewegung aus Patientensicht – die ärztliche Beratung und Handlungsabsichten/-konsequenzen nach erfolgter Rezeptverschreibung
Authors: Vogt Lutz , Hoppe Imke , Thoma Rebekka , Gabrys Lars , Friedrich Gundi , Coester Eckhard , Füzéki Eszter , Banzer Winfried 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Präventive Bewegungsberatungen durch niedergelassene Ärzte sind aktuell in Deutschland nicht großflächig implementiert. Das „Rezept für Bewegung“ will das ärztliche Bewegungsberatungsgespräch für inaktive Patienten verbindlicher gestalten. Ziel der Studie war es, die Wahrnehmung der Beratungsqualität aus Patientensicht und die daraus resultierenden Handlungsabsichten und -konsequenzen systematisch zu erfassen.
Methode Unter Verwendung eines standardisierten 17-Item-Instruments wurden 173 Patienten 3,9 ± 1,0 Monat(e) nach ärztlicher Beratung hinsichtlich Beratungszufriedenheit sowie Handlungsintention und -konsequenz anonym befragt. Die Dissemination erfolgte durch 12 kooperierende Arztpraxen in 8 Sportkreisen des Landessportbundes Hessen.
Ergebnisse Gemäß Fragebogenrücklauf konnten Angaben von 51 Patienten (56,1 ± 13,3 Jahre; 35w.) in die Auswertung eingeschlossen werden. Knapp 2/3 der Befragten waren in ihrer Lebensspanne vor Beratung sehr geringfügig körperlich aktiv (≤ 60 min/Woche). Die Beratung zum „Rezept für Bewegung“ wurde in 63 % der Fälle mit gut bis sehr gut bewertet. Nach eigenen Angaben besuchten mehr als die Hälfte der Befragten im Anschluss ein Bewegungsangebot im Verein, 53 % trieben mehr Sport, 51 % gestalteten ihren Alltag körperlich aktiver. Befragte, die die Ausführlichkeit der Beratung als gut bewerteten, trieben nach eigenen Angaben in der Folge der Beratung signifikant häufiger Sport als vor der Beratung OR 3,16 (95 % KI 1,07 – 9,33). Fast die Hälfte der Befragten wünschten sich zur Erleichterung des Einstieges in ein Bewegungsangebot mehr Unterstützung von ihrer Krankenkasse.
Diskussion Ärztliche Beratung im Sinne des „Rezepts für Bewegung“ kann als ergänzendes Instrument zur Sensibilisierung für das Thema Bewegung und Gesundheit unterstützen und zu entsprechender Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität beitragen.
PSMA-ligand PET allows a more accurate therapeutic response evaluation of bone metastases in prostate cancer compared to computed tomography
Authors: Fech Viktor , Alberts Ian , Rominger Axel , Afshar-Oromieh Ali 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA patient with bone metastases of prostate cancer was referred for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Compared to a 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT four months previously, the CT-component of the current PET/CT showed morphological progress in all lesions despite continuous therapy with docetaxel and denosumab. Contrarily, the PET-component showed a reduction of tracer-uptake, which correlated with PSA decrease between the two PET/CT-scans (16.2 ng/ml vs. 3.1 ng/ml). This case highlights 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT as a promising tool for therapy monitoring of prostate cancer and could serve as a basis for a novel monitoring strategy. Volume progress shown by CT must not be classified as tumor progress, but as bone remodeling following effective therapy.
Zinc Chelate Chromatography Of Fibrinogen
Authors: Scully M F , Kakkar V V 
Published: May 2019

Fibrinogen when passed through columns of chelated zinc (bis-carboxymethyl amino - Sepharose 4B saturated with zinc) was bound firmly at pH 8.0 and in the presence of 0.8M NaCl. It was found possible to achieve a maximum concentration of bound fibrinogen of 7mg/ml of gel. No affinity was shown to columns without zinc. A linear pH gradient developed from pH 8.0 to 4.0 showed a sharp elution of fibrinogen at acidic pH values with an apparent pKa of 5.8 indicating the involvement of a histidine residue at the chelating site. Inclusion of lOmM dimethyl HC1 in the equilibrating buffer prevented absorption of the fibrinogen. Fibrinogen could also be removed by EDTA at pH 7.0. Plasma fibrinogen was observed to bind to such columns and eluted between pH 5.5 and 6.0.Copper and nickel chelate columns were found to have an affinity for fibrinogen but not those prepared with calcium, magnesium or manganese. Concentrations of calcium chloride sufficient (0.1M) to fully saturate the calcium binding sites of fibrinogen did not affect attachment of the fibrinogen to the resin bound zinc nor concentrations of sodium chloride up to 1.5M. Inclusion of zinc chloride in the equilibrating buffer (up to 1.5mg/ml) did not affect the affinity.When a plasmin digest containing fragmentes D and E was passed through zinc chelate columns fragment E was not bound and eluted in pure form (as shown by SDS electrophoresis) in the equilibrating buffer. Using a pH gradient pure fragment D was shown to be eluted with a pKa of 6.1. Fragment X and Y were also bound to zinc chelate columns.These results show the possible presence of a reactive histidine or histidines on the D domain of fibrinogen capable of forming a dative bond with chelated forms of zinc.
It does not appear related to the calcium binding site and its properties are such as to indicate a functional importance. Rapid separation of fragments D and E may be achieved by such chromatography.
Effects Of Leucocyte Proteases On Structure And Activity Of Isolated Factor XIII Subunit A AND S
Authors: Holst F , Klingemann H G , Egbring R , Bohn H , Havemann K 
Published: May 2019

In some diseases (septicemia, leucemia) an activation of clotting by thrombin (eg. DIC) or an unspecific proteolysis of clotting factors by leucocyte proteases can be responsible for coagulopathy.We investigated in vitro the influence of elastase-like protease (ELP) and chymotrypsin-like protease (CLP) on isolated purified factor XIII subunit A and S using the SDS-PAA electrophoresis (Weber and Osborn, 1969). ELP and CLP was purified according to W. Schmidt (1974). Factor XIII was purified by Bohn and Haupt.Results: Using increasing amounts of ELP a correlation between the ELP concentration and the factor XIII split products, which were generated, could be demonstrated. At high concentrations of ELP a complete disappearence of all factor XIII split products could be observed. These digestive effects were shown both on subunit A and on S. The proteolysis of factor XIII was also time dependent. The effects of CLP were not very different from those of ELP. When factor XIII subunit A was digested by ELP, a gradual loss of the ability to crosslink fibrin S occured. As in the literature aj-antitrypsin strongly and aprotinin slightly inhibited the ELP effects on factor XIII.Despite the fact that antiprotease potential in vivo is very high, an accelerated turn over of clotting factors can be expected, when ELP forms complexes with its protein substrates like factor XIII. The decrease of factor XIII in some clinical conditions may be caused by leucocyte proteases.
Detection Of Potentially Embolic Intracardiac Thrombus In Patients With Cerebral Ischaemia
Authors: Donaldson R M , Humphrey C , Emanuel R W , Earl C 
Published: May 2019

In a prospective study, 5 8 consecutive patients presenting clinically with transient or permanent focal cerebral ischaemia underwent cardiac assessment which included twodimensional echocardiography (2DE). All had been referred after neurological investigations failed to establish the underlying cause of the neurological event. 5 0 of these patients had no evidence of heart disease (Group 1); the other 28 patients had clinical evidence of an underlying cardiac abnormality or arrhythmia (Group 2). One of the patients in Group 1 had echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse; no cardiac pathology was visualised in the other 29 patients in this group. In 5 of the 28 patients from Group 2, intracardiac thrombus presumed responsible for the neurological manifestations was demonstrated by 2DE and histological confirmation obtained following surgery or at necropsy in 4 of these cases. No abnormality was found on 2DE in the other 23 patients. All acoustically dense thrombi were larger than 1.5 cm and had some degree of organisation. Two were recent, histologically showing red blood cells and mplatelet-fibrin columnation. The accoustical similarity of small thrombi to the surrounding blood or endocardium may hinder the sensitivity of the method.The technique may help to define patients at risk from embolisation. As intracardiac thrombi are a common and potentially an easily prevented cause of stroke,a 2DE screen should be undertaken in patients with arrhythmias or clinical evidence of cardiac disease who have experienced one or
more episodes of cerebral ischaemia.
Platelet Thromboxane Increase During Cell. Separation In Healthy Blood Donors
Authors: Riess H , Hiller E , Schramm W , Howe J 
Published: May 2019

An increasing number of healthy persons is subjected to extracorporal blood systems in order to obtain platelet and granulocyte concentrates. To assess the influence of extracorporal circulation on hemostasis we determined a spectrum of parameters in 20 blood donors before and after cell separation.Obviously anticoagulation with ACD (acid citrate dextrose) is effective in preventing the activation of the plasmatic clotting system:
There were no significant changes in the levels of fibrinogen, plasminogen, soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC, measured by quantitative gel filtration), antithrcmbin III (AT III, iinminological and functional)and fibrin degradation products (FDP, staphylococcal clipping test). On the other hand we observed a significant rise in the plasma levels of Thranboxane-B2 (TxB2, RIA) at the end of cell separation. This value exceeded the starting level more than twice. Serum levels of TxB2 were unchanged.From an additional five blood donors blood samples were examined simultaneously from both the input and the output line of the cell separator 30 min after the beginning of extrcorporal circulation. No changes were seen in the fibrinogen-, SFMC-, AT III-, plasminogen- and FDP-levels. There was a persistent but not significant increase in the plasma levels of TxB2 in the output line of the cell separator whereas there was no such trend in the serum levels of TxB2.F CB 3:R-AG and fibrinopeptide A of all 25 blood donors were measured and will be reported.The increased levels of plasma TxB2 at the end of cell separation may express contact activation of platelets.