bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accidental transdermal methanol poisoning presenting to a regional emergency department
Authors: Beaton Chelsea R. , Meyer Clinton 
Published: January 2019

Learning Points:•Know and identify clinical presentations of toxic alcohols.•Understand the differential diagnosis of high anion gap metabolic acidosis.•Appreciate the importance of history and clinical findings in establishing methanol toxicity diagnoses, especially in centres where laboratory testing is unavailable.•Recognize the value of provincial poison centres in supporting emergency physicians in the diagnosis and management of poisonings and overdoses.
A Comparative analysis of rhythmic patterns in settler-heritage English and Blackfoot English in Southern Alberta
Authors: Rosen Nicole , Genee Inge , Ankutowicz Jillian , Petker Taylor , Shapka Jennifer 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper we explore differences in prosodic rhythm between two English speech communities in rural Southern Alberta, Canada: speakers of Blackfoot First Nation descent and those of settler descent. Using the Variability Index (VI), we show that there are statistically significant differences between English speakers of settler descent and those of Blackfoot descent, where those of Blackfoot descent have a higher VI, that is, they are further along the stress-timing continuum than those of settler descent. We hypothesize that these differences are due to language transfer effects stemming from the community's original Blackfoot phonology which were present in their L2 English when the community norm shifted primarily to English, and that the historical, social, and geographical isolation of Blackfoot people in Southern Alberta has contributed to the development of a new local Blackfoot English norm.
Infections after pediatric ambulatory surgery: Incidence and risk factors
Authors: Gerber Jeffrey S. , Ross Rachael K. , Szymczak Julia E. , Xiao Rui , Localio A. Russell , Grundmeier Robert W. , Rettig Susan L , Teszner Eva , Canning Doug A. , Coffin Susan E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the epidemiology of surgical site infections (SSIs) after pediatric ambulatory surgery.DesignObservational cohort study with 60 days follow-up after surgery.SettingThe study took place in 3 ambulatory surgical facilities (ASFs) and 1 hospital-based facility in a single pediatric healthcare network.ParticipantsChildren <18 years undergoing ambulatory surgery were included in the study. Of 19,777 eligible surgical encounters, 8,502 patients were enrolled.MethodsData were collected through parental interviews and from chart reviews. We assessed 2 outcomes: (1) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)–defined SSI and (2) evidence of possible infection using a definition developed for this study.ResultsWe identified 21 NSHN SSIs for a rate of 2.5 SSIs per 1,000 surgical encounters: 2.9 per 1,000 at the hospital-based facility and 1.6 per 1,000 at the ASFs. After restricting the search to procedures completed at both facilities and adjustment for patient demographics, there was no difference in the risk of NHSN SSI between the 2 types of facilities (odds ratio, 0.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–2.3). Within 60 days after surgery, 404 surgical patients had some or strong evidence of possible infection obtained from parental interview and/or chart review (rate, 48 SSIs per 1,000 surgical encounters). Of 306 cases identified through parental interviews, 176 cases (57%) did not have chart documentation. In our multivariable analysis, older age and black race were associated with a reduced risk of possible infection.ConclusionsThe rate of NHSN-defined SSI after pediatric ambulatory surgery was low, although a substantial additional burden of infectious morbidity related to surgery might not have been captured by standard surveillance strategies and definitions.
A multimodal regional intervention strategy framed as friendly competition to improve hand hygiene compliance
Authors: van Dijk Manon D. , Mulder Sanne A. , Erasmus Vicki , van Beeck A. H. Elise , Vermeeren Joke M. J. J. , Liu Xiaona , Beeck Ed F. van , Vos Margreet C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of friendly competition on hand hygiene compliance as part of a multimodal intervention program.DesignProspective observational study in which the primary outcome was hand hygiene compliance. Differences were analyzed using the Pearson χ2 test. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval were calculated using multilevel logistic regression.SettingObservations were performed in 9 public hospitals and 1 rehabilitation center in Rotterdam, Netherlands.ParticipantsFrom 2014 to 2016, at 5 time points (at 6-month intervals) in 120 hospital wards, 20,286 hand hygiene opportunities were observed among physicians, nurses, and other healthcare workers (HCWs).InterventionThe multimodal, friendly competition intervention consisted of mandatory interventions: monitoring and feedback of hand hygiene compliance and optional interventions (ie, e-learning, kick-off workshop, observer training, and team training). Hand hygiene opportunities, as formulated by the World Health Organization (WHO), were unobtrusively observed at 5 time points by trained observers. Compliance data were presented to the healthcare organizations as a ranking.ResultsThe overall mean hand hygiene compliance at time point 1 was 42.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 41.4–44.4), which increased to 51.4% (95% CI, 49.8–53.0) at time point 5 (P<.001). Nurses showed a significant improvement between time points 1 and 5 (P<.001), whereas the compliance of physicians and other HCWs remained unchanged. In the multilevel logistic regressions, time points, type of ward, and type of HCW showed a significant association with compliance.ConclusionBetween the start and the end of the multimodal intervention program in a friendly competition setting, overall hand hygiene compliance increased significantly.
Early Cretaceous gymnolaemate bryozoans from the early to middle Albian of the Glen Rose and Walnut formations of Texas, USA
Authors: Martha Silviu O. , Taylor Paul D. , Rader William L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGymnolaemate bryozoans are common encrusters on bivalve shells from the early to middle Albian parts of the Glen Rose and Walnut formations of southcentral and northcentral Texas. Here, we report for the first time the presence of seven gymnolaemate bryozoans, all of which represent new species. They include the bioimmured ctenostomeSimplicidium jontoddin. sp., and the cheilostomesRhammatopora glenrosan. sp.,Iyarispora ikaanakiteehn. gen. n. sp.,Iyarispora chiassn. gen. n. sp.,Charixa bispinatan. sp.,Charixa sexspinatan. sp., andCharixa emanuelaen. sp. The Glen Rose bryozoans slightly antedate the commencement of an explosive bryozoan radiation and the first appearance of neocheilostomes in the late Albian. Although the diversity of cheilostomes in the Glen Rose and Walnut formations is similar to that of cyclostomes, cheilostomes are more abundant and produced larger colonies. These formations therefore yield the oldest known bryozoan assemblage dominated in terms of biomass by cheilostomes. The genus concept ofCharixais discussed and amended.UUID:http://zoobank.org/d9e8f1a4-ae6a-4455-abb3-3b0a75a7d294
Dual ground state solutions for the critical nonlinear Helmholtz equation
Authors: Evéquoz Gilles , Yeşil Tolga 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUsing a dual variational approach, we obtain nontrivial real-valued solutions of the critical nonlinear Helmholtz equation
$$-\Delta u-k^2u = Q(x) \vert u \vert ^{2^*-2}u,\quad u\in W^{2,2^*}({\open R}^{N})$$for N ⩾ 4, where 2* : = 2N/(N − 2). The coefficient $Q \in L^{\infty }({\open R}^{N}){\setminus }\{0\}$ is assumed to be nonnegative, asymptotically periodic and to satisfy a flatness condition at one of its maximum points. The solutions obtained are so-called dual ground states, that is, solutions arising from critical points of the dual functional with the property of having minimal energy among all nontrivial critical points. Moreover, we show that no dual ground state exists for N = 3.
A single day of mixed-macronutrient overfeeding does not elicit compensatory appetite or energy intake responses but exaggerates postprandial lipaemia during the next day in healthy young men
Authors: Deighton Kevin , King Andy J. , Matu Jamie , Shannon Oliver M. , Whiteman Oliver , Long Alice , Huby Matthew D. , Sekula Miroslav , Holliday Adrian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiscrete episodes of overconsumption may induce a positive energy balance and impair metabolic control. However, the effects of an ecologically relevant, single day of balanced macronutrient overfeeding are unknown. Twelve healthy men (of age 22 (sd 2) years, BMI 26·1 (sd 4·2) kg/m2) completed two 28 h, single-blind experimental trials. In a counterbalanced repeated measures design, participants either consumed their calculated daily energy requirements (energy balance trial (EB): 10 755 (sd 593) kJ) or were overfed by 50 % (overfeed trial (OF): 16 132 (sd 889) kJ) under laboratory supervision. Participants returned to the laboratory the next day, after an overnight fast, to complete a mixed-meal tolerance test (MTT). Appetite was not different between trials during day 1 (P>0·211) or during the MTT in the fasted or postprandial state (P>0·507). Accordingly, plasma acylated ghrelin, total glucagon-like peptide-1 and total peptide YY concentrations did not differ between trials during the MTT (all P>0·335). Ad libitum energy intake, assessed upon completion of the MTT, did not differ between trials (EB 6081 (sd 2260) kJ; OF 6182 (sd 1960) kJ; P=0·781). Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were not different between trials (P>0·715). Fasted NEFA concentrations were lower in OF compared with EB (P=0·005), and TAG concentrations increased to a greater extent on OF than on EB during the MTT (P=0·009). The absence of compensatory changes in appetite-related variables after 1 d of mixed macronutrient overfeeding highlights the limited physiological response to defend against excess energy intake. This supports the concept that repeated discrete episodes of overconsumption may promote weight gain, while elevations in postprandial lipaemia may increase CVD risk.
Existence, Uniqueness and Qualitative Properties of Global Solutions of Abstract Differential Equations with State-Dependent Delay
Authors: Hernández Eduardo , Wu Jianhong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe study the existence, uniqueness and qualitative properties of global solutions of abstract differential equations with state-dependent delay. Results on the existence of almost periodic-type solutions (including, periodic, almost periodic, asymptotically almost periodic and almost automorphic solutions) are proved. Some examples of partial differential equations with state-dependent delay arising in population dynamics are presented.
Generating Adjoint Groups
Authors: Greenfeld Be'eri 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe prove two approximations of the open problem of whether the adjoint group of a non-nilpotent nil ring can be finitely generated. We show that the adjoint group of a non-nilpotent Jacobson radical cannot be boundedly generated and, on the other hand, construct a finitely generated, infinite-dimensional nil algebra whose adjoint group is generated by elements of bounded torsion.
Older Aboriginal men creating a therapeutic Men's Shed: an exploratory study
Authors: Cox Terrance , Hoang Ha , Barnett Tony , Cross Merylin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMen's Sheds are entrenched throughout Australian and international communities due to their popularity in attracting mainly older men to come together and undertake various social and workshop activities. A growing body of research has emerged where men associate regular Shed participation with improved social, emotional and physical wellbeing. However, few studies have examined Aboriginal men's engagement in Men's Sheds. This article reports on a study that investigated how a cohort of older Aboriginal men from one rural Tasmanian community consider the benefits of engaging in their local Shed. A community-based participatory research approach was developed in consultation with Aboriginal community leaders to ensure the study supported the community's expectations. Interview data from ten Aboriginal men combine to represent the Shed environment as an enabling therapeutic landscape, with key themes represented as domains of belonging, hope, mentoring and shared illness experiences. Shed activities were premised on these men co-creating an informal, culturally safe and male-friendly community environment to enjoy the company of other men. The created Shed environment was mutually beneficial as the participants reported improved wellbeing despite living with the effects of declining health and ageing. The findings inform Aboriginal communities and health-care stakeholders to consider the unique role of Men's Sheds for enhancing the health of an ageing male population.
Xiism as a hegemonic project in the making: Sino-communist ideology and the political economy of China’s rise
Authors: Mulvad Andreas Møller 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHow is Xi Jinping changing the course of China’s rise? Based on a Gramscian analytical framework inspired by Bob Jessop, this article provides an anatomy of Xiism (2012–) as an emergent hegemonic project, that is, a (fallible and contested) attempt by China’s party-based power bloc of altering global power balances in China’s favour while retaining domestic stability. Through juxtaposition with Maoism (1957–76) and Dengism (1978–2012), it is proposed that Xiism reformulates the power bloc’s strategy in three respects. First, the ideological vision of the ‘Chinese Dream’ negates Mao’s utopian-egalitarian universalism while readjusting Deng’s pro-market approach by emphasising ‘common prosperity’. Second, the economic accumulation strategy – built around the hyped Belt and Road Initiative – aims to reshape global trade and production patterns in a way that particularly benefits the state-owned sector, the Party leadership’s economic base. Third, Xi’s state project seeks to amalgamate Mao-style charismatic leadership and intra-party ‘self-rectification’ campaigns with both a Dengist commitment to political stability and traditional Chinese statecraft. The crucial issue for the coming decade is whether the Xi leadership will prove able to paper over the contradictions of this emergent ‘China Model’ and win support for it both at home and abroad.
ABSOLUTE FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN SECOND LANGUAGE LEXICAL ACQUISITION
Authors: Crossley Scott A. , Skalicky Stephen , Kyle Kristopher , Monteiro Katia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA number of longitudinal studies of L2 production have reported frequency effects wherein learners' produce more frequent words as a function of time. The current study investigated the spoken output of English L2 learners over a four-month period of time using both native and non-native English speaker frequency norms for both word types and word tokens. The study also controlled for individual differences such as first language distance, English proficiency, gender, and age. Results demonstrated that lower level L2 learners produced more infrequent tokens at the beginning of the study and that high intermediate learners, when compared to advanced learners, produced more infrequent tokens at the beginning of the study and more frequent tokens toward the end of the study. Main effects were also reported for proficiency level, age, and language distance. These results provide further evidence that L2 production may not follow expected frequency trends (i.e., that more infrequent tokens are produced as a function of time).
Psychological distress in adults with congenital heart disease: focus beyond depression
Authors: Gleason Lacey P. , Deng Lisa X. , Khan Abigail M. , Drajpuch David , Fuller Stephanie , Ludmir Jonathan , Mascio Christopher E. , Partington Sara L. , Tobin Lynda , Kim Yuli Y. , Kovacs Adrienne H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdults with congenital heart disease face psychological challenges although an understanding of depression vs. anxiety symptoms is unclear. We analyzed the prevalence of elevated symptoms of anxiety and depression and explored associations with demographic and medical factors as well as quality of life.MethodsAdults with congenital heart disease enrolled from an outpatient clinic completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and two measures of quality of life: the Linear Analogue Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Medical data were obtained by chart review.ResultsOf 130 patients (median age = 32 years; 55% female), 55 (42%) had elevated anxiety symptoms and 16 (12%) had elevated depression symptoms on subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Most patients with elevated depression symptoms also had elevated anxiety symptoms (15/16; 94%). Of 56 patients with at least one elevated subscale, 37 (66%) were not receiving mental health treatment. Compared to patients with 0 or 1 elevated subscales, patients with elevations in both (n=15) were less likely to be studying or working (47% vs. 81%; p=0.016) and reported lower scores on the Linear Analogue Scale (60 vs. 81, p<0.001) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (14 vs. 28, p<0.001).ConclusionsAmong adults with congenital heart disease, elevated anxiety symptoms are common and typically accompany elevated depressive symptoms. The combination is associated with unemployment and lower quality of life. Improved strategies to provide psychosocial care and support appropriate engagement in employment are required.
The importance of using reflective practice when working with refugees, asylum seekers and survivors of torture within IAPT
Authors: Brooks Michelle 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere is a very high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within refugee populations and survivors of torture. Refugees, asylum seekers and survivors of torture who access IAPT (Improving Access to Psychological Therapies) can present with unique clinical challenges for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) therapists. The use of reflective practice can be beneficial particularly when there is added complexity in the client's clinical presentation. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of how reflective practice can improve clinical work with this patient group and to identify some of the challenges that refugees, asylum seekers and survivors of torture may present with during therapy. The paper sets out how the use of the critical incident analysis model and clinical supervision can assist to develop reflective practice skills and improve the clinical practice of IAPT CBT therapists who work with diverse populations.
First trimester maternal exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals and fetal size in the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study
Authors: Goodrich Jaclyn M. , Ingle Mary E. , Domino Steven E. , Treadwell Marjorie C. , Dolinoy Dana C. , Burant Charles , Meeker John D. , Padmanabhan Vasantha 
Published: January 2019

AbstractExposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals are near ubiquitous worldwide, and their potential impact on children is a major public health concern. This pilot study was designed to characterize exposures to phthalates, phenols and metals among pregnant women in the first trimester, and to examine associations with fetal biometrics and birth weight. A total of 41 chemicals and elements were analyzed in urine from 56 mothers with full-term newborns from the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study. Bivariate analyses identified predictors of exposure biomarkers. Associations between birth weight, Fentonz-scores and second trimester fetal biometrics with toxicants were examined via multivariable linear regression. An average of 30 toxicants were detected in maternal urine. Fast food consumption was associated with several phthalate metabolites, phenols and metals, and canned food consumption with bisphenol F (P<0.05). Mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was significantly associated with higher birth weight and Fentonz-score while the opposite was observed for bisphenol S. Estimated femur length from ultrasonography was significantly inversely associated with arsenic, barium and lead. While limited by sample size, this study is one of the first to evaluate birth outcomes with respect to emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals and to examine associations between toxicants and fetal biometrics. Exposure assessment was provided by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ Children’s Health Exposure Analysis Resource (NIEHS CHEAR), a resource available to children’s studies with the goal of combining data across cohorts in an effort to characterize the impact of toxicants on child health from birth and beyond.
Excess early postnatal weight gain and blood pressure in healthy young children
Authors: Jansen M. A. C. , Uiterwaal C. S. P. M. , van der Ent C. K. , Grobbee D. E. , Dalmeijer G. W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBlood pressure (BP) tracks from childhood to adulthood, and early BP trajectories predict cardiovascular disease risk later in life. Excess postnatal weight gain is associated with vascular changes early in life. However, to what extent it is associated with children’s BP is largely unknown. In 853 healthy 5-year-old children of the Wheezing-Illnesses-Study-Leidsche-Rijn (WHISTLER) birth cohort, systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured, and z scores of individual weight gain rates adjusted for length gain rates were calculated using at least two weight and length measurements from birth until 3 months of age. Linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between weight gain rates adjusted for length gain rates and BP adjusted for sex and ethnicity. Each standard deviation increase in weight gain rates adjusted for length gain rates was associated with 0.9 mmHg (95% CI 0.3, 1.5) higher sitting SBP after adjustment for confounders. Particularly in children in the lowest birth size decile, high excess weight gain was associated with higher sitting SBP values compared to children with low weight gain rates adjusted for length gain rates. BMI and visceral adipose tissue partly explained the association between excess weight gain and sitting SBP (β 0.5 mmHg, 95% CI −0.3, 1.3). Weight gain rates adjusted for length gain rates were not associated with supine SBP or DBP. Children with excess weight gain, properly adjusted for length gain, in the first three months of life, particularly those with a small birth size, showed higher sitting systolic BP at the age of 5 years.