bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Malaise traps to assess aculeate Hymenoptera associated with farmland linear habitats across a range of farming intensities
Authors: Volpato Alessio , Ahmed Karzan S. D. , Williams Christopher D. , Day Michael F. , O'Hanlon Aidan , Ruas Sara , Rotchés‐Ribalta Roser , Mulkeen Collette , hUallacháin Daire Ó , Gormally Michael J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The intensification of farming practices, along with the loss and fragmentation of semi‐natural habitats within agricultural areas, has contributed significantly to insect decline worldwide including flower‐visiting aculeate Hymenoptera.
In this study aculeate Hymenoptera were collected using bi‐directional Malaise traps placed along farmland linear habitats across a range of farming intensities. The aim was to further our understanding of the value of farmland linear habitats to this insect group and in particular the Vespinae, an understudied subfamily.
Overall, significantly greater aculeate Hymenoptera species richness was found on extensive than on intermediate and intensive farms. Significantly more species and specimens were collected on the side of the traps adjacent to the linear habitats compared to the side which opened onto the fields. Aculeate Hymenoptera species richness was also significantly greater in dense hedgerows than in open hedgerows. Furthermore, two out of six Vespinae species, Vespula rufa and Vespula vulgaris, had significantly more individuals on extensive than intensive farms.
This study highlights that low‐intensity farming practices and farmland linear habitats, especially dense hedgerows, may enhance aculeate Hymenoptera occurrence in agricultural areas. It also demonstrates that Malaise traps set up along linear habitats across a range of farming intensities can make a significant contribution to knowledge regarding the biodiversity value of such areas. Given that selected Vespinae species follow similar trends to aculeate Hymenoptera, the possibility of using them as simple biodiversity indicators is worthy of further exploration.
Del machismo a la coparentalidad. Evolución de las mentalidades en Italia
Authors: MARTONE Michel 
Published: October 2019

ResumenEn el presente artículo se analizan los complejos procesos legislativos y judiciales necesarios para establecer el derecho de coparentalidad en la reglamentación laboral italiana. Tras identificar en el ordenamiento jurídico la tendencia a equiparar la protección de la familia con el apoyo a la mujer y a la maternidad, se investiga la evolución legislativa que ha llevado a reconocer al padre como pilar fundamental en la crianza de los hijos. Por último, se analiza en detalle la jurisprudencia que, con su interpretación de los principios legislados, ha contribuido a superar la resistencia de la cultura patriarcal al cambio.
Poor initiation of smoking cessation therapies in hospitalised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with low levels of formal training among hospital doctors and under‐utilisation of nursing‐led interventions
Authors: Pham Jonathan , Pitney Stephanie , Sweeney Duncan , Reekie Clive , Harkness Nick 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSmoking cessation intervention is a key component in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AimsTo evaluate the prescribing of smoking cessation therapies (SCT) among hospital clinicians and identify factors that may hinder delivery of effective interventions.MethodsA retrospective analysis of medical records of patients admitted to the Royal Hobart Hospital with an acute exacerbation of COPD was performed. A survey of hospital clinicians was also performed to ascertain levels of training and confidence in prescribing SCT.ResultsNearly all medical and non‐medical hospital clinicians self‐reported confidence in offering SCT (91.1 vs 82.5%, respectively, P = 0.216). However, of the 122 eligible patients in our study population, the majority did not have any form of SCT initiated during their admission (n = 68, 55.7%) and only 21 patients (17.2%) were referred to the nurse‐led smoking cessation service. Very few patients were initiated on efficacious regimes such as combination‐nicotine replacement therapy (n = 8, 6.6%) or varenicline (n = 2, 1.6%). Only a small proportion of hospital doctors reported confidence in prescribing varenicline and bupropion (17.2 and 6.9%, respectively). Furthermore, very few hospital doctors reported ever receiving formal training in SCT compared to non‐medical hospital staff (42.2 vs 84.5%, P < 0.001).ConclusionOur study highlights the real‐life challenges in tackling nicotine dependence in hospitals: under‐utilisation of evidence‐based pharmacotherapies, limited access to formal training for doctors and poor uptake of nurse‐led smoking cessation services. Granting limited prescribing rights for specialised nurses may help hospital clinicians to alleviate gaps in current clinical practice.
Future prospects for CD8+ regulatory T cells in immune tolerance
Authors: Flippe Léa , Bézie Séverine , Anegon Ignacio , Guillonneau Carole 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCD8+ Tregs have been long described and significant progresses have been made about their phenotype, their functional mechanisms, and their suppressive ability compared to conventional CD4+ Tregs. They are now at the dawn of their clinical use. In this review, we will summarize their phenotypic characteristics, their mechanisms of action, the similarities, differences and synergies between CD8+ and CD4+ Tregs, and we will discuss the biology, development and induction of CD8+ Tregs, their manufacturing for clinical use, considering open questions/uncertainties and future technically accessible improvements notably through genetic modifications.
Accuracy of body mass estimates of formalin‐preserved fish – a review
Authors: Nordeide Jarle Tryti 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper highlights possible effects of physical and chemical mechanisms of formalin fixation and preservation on biological tissue and reviews the consequent potential inaccuracies on estimates of body mass of small fishes fixed and preserved in formalin. Twenty‐six papers including 65 independent experiments with 35 species which examine effects of formalin on body mass estimates on small fishes are included. The effect of the formalin on the specimens depends on the salinity of the water used to dilute the commercial formalin (usually 1:9 formalin: water) before being used to fixate and preserve fish. Mean wet body mass of the specimens from the studies using seawater or fresh water diluted formalin deceases by 13% and increases by 7%, respectively, from before to after being immersed in formalin. The same trend is found with condition factor in the few papers that report this parameter. Body length decreases on average by c. 2% in fixated and preserved fish regardless of whether the formalin is diluted in seawater or fresh water.
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with antibiotic resistance genes in Chilean Piscirickettsia salmonis strains
Authors: Figueroa Jaime , Castro Diana , Lagos Fernando , Cartes Carlos , Isla Adolfo , Yáñez Alejandro J. , Avendaño‐Herrera Rubén , Haussmann Denise 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aetiological agent of Piscirickettsiosis is Piscirickettsia salmonis, a Gram‐negative intracellular pathogen, and high doses of antibiotics have regularly been employed to treat this infection. Seven florfenicol and/or oxytetracycline resistance genes (tet pump, tetE, Tclor/flor, Tbcr, TfloR, ompF and mdtN) were identified in strains by in silico genome analyses. Later, the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and its relationship with the resistance to these antibiotics were identified and analysed, using the original LF‐89 strain as reference. Trials to determine and compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxytetracycline and florfenicol in each strain, as well as to quantify the gPCR transcripts levels in the selected genes, were performed. Therefore, variations in the resistance to both antibiotics were observed, where the strain with fewer SNPs showed the highest susceptibility. Consistently, the in silico 3D analyses of proteins encoded by the selected genes revealed structural changes, evident in the sequences with the highest number of SNPs. These results showed that the bacterial resistance to oxytetracycline was mainly linked to the presence of SNPs in relevant sites, antibiotic resistance genes and an OmpF porin, leading to important changes in the protein structure.
Estimating the Probability of Default for No-Default and Low-Default Portfolios
Authors: Blümke Oliver 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe paper proposes a sequential Bayesian updating approach to estimate default probabilities on rating grade level for no- and low-default portfolios. Bayesian sequential updating enables default probabilities to be obtained also for those rating grades for which no defaults have been observed. The advantage of this approach is that it preserves the rank order of rating grades in the case of no defaults. Rank preservation is not ensured when using an identical prior distribution across all rating grades. We discuss Bayesian sequential updating for the beta–binomial model and a model incorporating the asymptotic single-risk factor model of the Basel Accord. Practical aspects such as incorporating information from external sources and the margin of conservatism are addressed.
A Time-Varying Bayesian Joint Hierarchical Copula Model for Analysing Recurrent Events and A Terminal Event: An Application to the Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Li Zheng , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Wang Ming 
Published: October 2019

SummaryRecurrent events could be stopped by a terminal event, which commonly occurs in biomedical and clinical studies. Taking the Cardiovascular Health Study as a motivating example, patients can experience recurrent events of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke during follow-up, which, however, can be truncated by death. Since death could be a devastating complication of MI or stroke recurrences, ignoring dependent censoring when analysing recurrent events may lead to invalid inference. The joint shared frailty model is widely used but with several limitations: two event processes are conditionally independent given the subject level frailty, which could be violated because the dependence may rely on unknown covariates varying across recurrences; the correlation between recurrent events and death is constant over time because of the same frailty within subject, but MI or stroke recurrences could have a time-varying influence on death due to higher risk of another event of MI or stroke after the first. We propose a time-varying joint hierarchical copula model under the Bayesian framework to accommodate correlation between recurrent events and dependence between two event processes which may change over time. The performance of our method is extensively evaluated by simulation studies, and lastly by the Cardiovascular Health Study for illustration.
Determination of Ultimate Pile Bearing Capacity from a Seismic Method of Shear Wave Velocity in Comparison with Conventional Methods
Authors: Mohd Nayan Khairul Anuar , Taha Mohd Raihan , Omar Noor Adila , Bawadi Nor Faizah , Joh Sung-Ho , Omar Mohamad Nor 
Published: October 2019

The seismic method in the ultimate bearing capacity of piles based on shear wave velocity measurement is a new technique in geotechnical engineering design. In this study, the value of shear wave velocity, Vs is being successfully used to formulate a theory to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of piles. This theory is adapted from the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundation proposed by Keceli. Keceli’s formula is adapted by equating the pile tip vertical resistance of the seismic formula to the end bearing capacity of the pile tip for each layer. The sum of half the vertical resistance of each layer is then equated to the total shaft resistance of the pile. The end tip is then added to the total shaft resistance to give the total ultimate pile bearing capacity of the pile. This study was conducted at three sites, two sites of residual soil located in Malaysia and one site of alluvial soil situated at Collierville, Tennessee, USA. The results of the adapted seismic formula were compared with the static pile bearing capacities calculated using conventional methods proposed by Meyerhof for the SPT-N values and the Schmertmann, Bustamante and Gianeslli method for the SCPTu values. The percentage error in the ultimate bearing capacity of the piles between the adapted seismic and the conventional methods for all the sites were found to be -4.77%, -3.01% and -0.93% at Hulu Langat, Mutiara Damansara and Collierville sites respectively.
BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM FERMENTATION OF SWEET SORHGUM (SORGHUM BIOCULAR L) BY INTEROBACTER AEROGENES ADH-43 IN THE PACKED-BED REACTOR
Authors: Rachman M. A. , Eniya L.D. , Widyastuti E.T. 
Published: October 2019

Hydrogen gas (H2) is one of a clean energy because its combustion produces only water vapor and heat, and leaves no carbon emissions. H2 gas is an energy future that promises both from the aspect of social, economic, or environmental. One of potential raw material for H2 gas production is Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). It is an annual plant native of tropical adaptive in hot and dry season. Moreover, it has a high biomass production , it also can adapt to extreme and sub-tropical regions. The objective of this experimental work was to produce gas H2 using sweet sorghum at packed-bed reactor by Enterobacter aerogenes ADH-43 and to get optimum dilution rate in order to increase gas H2 production. The reactor used is a packed bed with a working volume of 450 mL and total volume of 900 mL, height 60 cm with a diameter of 4 cm. The reactor is equipped with a coat of water associated with water heating to the temperature maintained at 37 ° C ± 1 oC. It also linked to the flask containing the Ca (OH) 2 which serves to capture the CO2 gas produced, so expect only the H2 gas. Batch experiments were performed in the beginning, the fresh sorghum medium was fed into the reactor before two hours of the stationary phase in order to achieve continuous culture. The steady state condition showed that that optimum dilution rate was 0.15 h-1 with H2 gasproduction 81.50 mmol/L.h and yield 0.87 mol H2/mol total sugar.
FLOW BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS ALONG AN ENGINE AIR INTAKE PIPE
Authors: Kamarulbaharin Zainal Abidin , Kasolang Salmiah 
Published: October 2019

There is a concern with the flow behaviour inside the air intake pipe that affects the desirable pressure ratio for inflow into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine. Measurements of flow along the intake pipe are required to better understand the physics of the intake system. This paper focuses on investigating the dynamics of the pressure profile along the intake pipe. The methodology involves experimental work utilising a red oil manometer to measure the pressure. Results analysis is presented as graphs of gauge pressures against engine speeds. From experimental results, the pressure profiles along the intake pipe were similar at different engine speed settings and pipe lengths. It was observed that the values of gauge pressure were lowest at the pipe entrance and it continued to rise along the pipe until it reaches the intake valve. This is a preliminary study looking into the effect of pipe geometry on the pressure dynamics.
COUPLING-BASED TURNS DISTRIBUTION FOR PLANAR SPIRAL COIL ANTENNAS IN NEAR FIELD MAGNETIC INDUCTION LINKS
Authors: Eteng Akaa Agbaeze , Abdul Rahim Sharul Kamal , Leow Chee Yen , Chew Beng Wah 
Published: October 2019

This paper describes a numerical study of a coupling-based turn-distribution approach to achieving good transmission performance in near field magnetic inductive links using low Q-factor coil antennas. Coil antenna turns are distributed to match an upper reference coupling level, leading to a stronger axial H-field, with a low margin of Q-factor increment from a baseline minimum. Numerical results demonstrate improved transmission efficiency performance relative to a minimal Q-factor coil antenna when the modified antenna is employed in a symmetric bi-directional inductive link. This approach to increasing transmission efficiency indicates prospects for extending the utility of low Q-factor HF-RFID interrogator antennas to include wireless power delivery applications.
ESTIMATION OF SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE IN THE HUMAN LEG AND TESTICLE DUE TO A METALLIC RING
Authors: Othman Nazirah , Samsuri Noor Asmawati , A Rahim Mohamad Kamal 
Published: October 2019

This research evaluates the effect of human body and metallic ring in the vicinity of dipole antenna on antenna radiation pattern and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Homogeneous and realistic body models have been considered in the paper. Half wave dipole antenna is used as the excitation source operating at 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz. The metallic ring is modelled as conducting objects. The results have shown that the presence of human body near to the antenna significantly distorted the antenna radiation pattern. The antenna gain is decresed approximately 10 dB at 0.9 GH and 25 dB at 1.8 GHz in the direction of body. Nevertheless, the presence of metallic ring do not have any profound effect on antenna radiation pattern due to their size which is relatively small compared to the size of the human body. Additional metallic ring close to the human leg could alter the SAR and the effect varies depending on the size of the rings. The presence of metallic ring significantly increases the averaged 10g SAR inside the testicle by more than 20% at 1.8 GHz.
WEB BASED ADVERTISING INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN FOR NEWSPAPER
Authors: Sriwahyuni Titi , Huda Asrul , Afka Dede Senjaya , Suadi Depi 
Published: October 2019

Singgalang daily newspaper is a print media company which is not only engaged in journalism, which provides the latest news but also in advertisement. The advertisement booking system of Singgalang daily newspaper is not fully computerized yet particularly with regards to the database system for saving ordering and payment data. The company still uses receipts and calculators, causing errors in calculation that make Singgalang daily newspaper advertisement transaction inefficient and ineffective. The company wanted to develop an advertising information system which is equipped with an e-commerce that can help costumers in promoting their product and facilitate costumers in booking advertisement in Singgalang daily newspaper. A web-based information system was designed using Hypertext PreProcessor (PHP) and Framework Codelgniter which will facilitate employees of the company to manage ordering and payment data for online advertising.
IMPROVING GENDER CLASSIFICATION WITH FEATURE SELECTION IN FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY
Authors: Hairuddin Nurul Liyana , Yusuf Lizawati Mi , Othman Mohd Shahizan , Abdul Majid Hairudin 
Published: October 2019

Gender classification has been one of the most vital tasks in a real world problem especially when it comes to death investigations. Developing a biological profile of an individual is a crucial step in forensic anthropology process as for the identification of gender. Forensic anthropologists employ the principle of skeleton remains to produce a biological profile. Different parts of skeleton contains different features that will contribute to gender classification. However, not all the features could contribute to gender classification and affect to a low accuracy of gender classification. Therefore, feature selection method is applied to identify the most significant features for gender classification. This paper presents the implementation of feature selection approaches which are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Harmony Search (HS) algorithm using three different dataset from Goldman Osteometric Dataset, Osteological Collection and George Murray Black Collection. All three dataset contains 4081 samples of metrics measurement and have gone through the process of classification by using Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Naïve Bayes classifier. The main scope of this paper is to identify the effect of feature selection towards gender classification. The result shows that the accuracy of gender classification for every dataset increased when feature selection is applied to the dataset. Among all the skeleton parts in this experiment, clavicle part achieved the highest increment of accuracy rate which is from 89.76% to 96.06% for PSO algorithm and 96.32% for HS.
INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ON VISCOSITY AND ELECTRORHEOLOGY OF DIELECTRIC NANOFLUIDS-SCALE-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Adil Muhammad , Mohd Zaid Hasnah , Kean Chuan Lee , Ahmad Latiff Noor Rasyada 
Published: October 2019

The appearance of electric field and shear dependent viscosity change in dielectric nanofluids provide potential for prospective applications especially in enhanced oil recovery. When nanofluids are activated by an applied electric field, it behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid under electrorheological effect, where the augment of electric field intensity increases the interaction among nanoparticles. Hence the mobility of the fluid can be efficiently controlled by regulating the applied field. Electrorheological characteristics of ZnO and Al2O3 nanofluids with various nanoparticles concentration (0.1, 0.05, 0.01 wt%) were measured. Results show that all the nanofluids exhibit pseudoplastic (shear thinning) behavior, while the electric field causes a visible increase in viscosity at a high shear rate. From the experimental results, it is also explained how the polarization of induced dipoles affects the electrorheology of nanofluids, by creating chains that align with the applied electric field. This paper also describes the designing and experimental aspects of the electromagnetic system, to investigate the change in viscosity of nanofluids.
A NEW COEFFICIENT OF CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHODS FOR NONLINEAR UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Mohamed Nur Syarafina , Mamat Mustafa , Mohamad Fatma Susilawati , Rivaie Mohd 
Published: October 2019

Conjugate gradient (CG) methods are widely used in solving nonlinear unconstrained optimization problems such as designs, economics, physics and engineering due to its low computational memory requirement. In this paper, a new modifications of CG coefficient ( ) which possessed global convergence properties is proposed by using exact line search. Based on the number of iterations and central processing unit (CPU) time, the numerical results show that the new performs better than some other well known CG methods under some standard test functions.
EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL INTERESTERIFICATION ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PALM STEARIN AND RICE BRAN OIL BLENDS
Authors: Abd Rashid Norizzah , Tunku Safuan Tunku Saidatul Sa’adiah , Kelana Amalyna Teja , Zuher Mohd Akram , Omar Zaliha 
Published: October 2019

Palm stearin (PS) and rice bran oil (RBO) were blended in the mass ratio of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100. The oil blends were subjected to chemical interesterification (CIE) catalyzed by sodium methoxide (0.2% w/w). The following analysis were carried out before and after CIE: triacylglycerol (TAG) composition, slip melting point (SMP), solid fat content (SFC), microstructure, polymorphism and hardness index (HI). After chemical interesterification, there were decrease and increase in the amount of several TAG. Changes in TAG composition caused changes in the physical properties of the blends. Both SMP and SFC of all blends decreased significantly (p<0.05) after interesterification except for RBO. Chemical interesterification also reduced the eutectic interaction at 5°C. However, for hardness index, only blends with 50% and 100% PS decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 33.197 to 26.097 and 5.397 to 3.720, respectively. The crystals of the blends became smaller and reduced in number after interesterification. Interesterification promoted the formation of more β' crystals than β in all blends. The 30:70 PSRBO blend was the most suitable for margarine production as it melted close to body temperature.