bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The decline in the clinical relevance of pilocarpine and physostigmine monitored in pharmacology textbooks from 1878 to 2023: nine take-home messages for future (pharmacology) textbook authors
Authors: Ludwig Laureen , Seifert Roland 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn a recent study, using hydrogen cyanide as paradigm, we have shown that pharmacological knowledge evolves non-linearly (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38900251/). The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the presentation of the drugs pilocarpine and physostigmine in textbooks from 1878 to 2023. The categories of structure, molecular mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, effects, indications, adverse drug reactions, interactions, and contraindications were evaluated. The pharmacological knowledge on the molecular mechanism, chemical structure, and pharmacokinetics of pilocarpine and physostigmine changed the most during the period of 150 years. Until 1944, textbooks did not mention a molecular mechanism of action of pilocarpine and from 1951 onwards they described the activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as the molecular basis of pilocarpine’s effect. Until 1944, most textbooks on physostigmine also did not mention the molecular mechanism of action. From 1951 onwards, the reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase is mentioned as the mechanism of action of physostigmine. In contrast, in the categories effects, indications, adverse drug reactions, interactions, and contraindications, the detected changes in the pharmacological knowledge presented were comparatively smaller. Older pharmacology textbooks were better than newer ones at discussing changes in knowledge and scientific errors. We noted substantial differences in the presentation of pilocarpine and physostigmine among German and US pharmacology textbooks. We show a decline of the clinical relevance of both drugs and their presentation in pharmacological textbooks with physostigmine being virtually irrelevant. But modern textbooks still discuss physostigmine substantially, fitting to studies on the obsolete drug reserpine (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38103060/). Thus, textbooks often far lag clinical practice. Google Scholar conveys the incorrect impression that physostigmine is clinically more relevant than it is. An exponential decline in prescription numbers is a robust indicator of clinical obsolescence. From our study, we extract nine easily implementable take-home messages for future (pharmacology) textbook authors to ensure that this traditional teaching format will prevail against the competition of allegedly more “modern” teaching media.
Safety and Efficacy of GLP-1 Agonists in a Cohort of Patients with Fontan Circulation
Authors: Freddo Andrew M. , Ahmed Humera , Edelson Jonathan B. , Ortega-Legaspi Juan M. , Vaikunth Sumeet 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere are a growing number of adult patients palliated to a Fontan circulation. As these patients age, many develop symptomatic heart failure (d’Udekem et al in Circulation 130:S32–S38, 2014) that is exacerbated by acquired comorbidities such as obesity and hypertension. Increased body mass index (BMI) and adiposity have been associated with worse hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in these patients (Yogeswaran et al in J Am Hear Assoc: Cardiovasc Cerebrovasc Dis 12:e026732, 2023). Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, originally developed to treat diabetes mellitus, received FDA approval for weight loss and have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in the general population (Vilsbøll et al in BMJ 344:d7771, 2012). There are limited data on these medications in patients with a Fontan circulation. We conducted a retrospective review of adults with Fontan circulation followed in our adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) clinic between 2009 and 2023 and identified 8 patients prescribed GLP-1 agonists. We found that GLP-1 agonists were well-tolerated and led to modest reduction in weight and blood pressure. Further study of the use of these medications in this population is warranted.
Mixed-phenotype leukemia with TCF3::ZNF384 fusion presenting as an isolated mediastinal mass
Authors: Au Wing-Yan , Chow Chit , To Ka-Fai , Ma Edmond S.K. , Yeung Eugene C.L. , Yip Wai-Lun , Chan Helen M.H. , Gill Harinder 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcute leukemia with TCF3::ZNF384 is a distinct type of acute leukemia that present most commonly as B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia or mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (B/myeloid). We report the first case of TCF3::ZNF384 mixed-phenotype leukemia presenting as isolated extramedullary disease in the mediastinum. Diagnosis using RNA-sequencing and whole genome sequencing on the primary issue is illustrated.
Seasonal affective disorder and currency markets
Authors: Arabadjis John , Melvin Michael , Savage Robert , Velis John 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHarry Markowitz is known as the grandfather of behavioral finance based on his 1952 work on utility theory. We study a behavioral issue applied to the currency market: seasonal affective disorder (SAD). As the days grow shorter (longer) in fall (spring), investors become more (less) risk averse due to changes in depression related to SAD. Our empirical results are consistent with changes in risk-taking in global equities and the associated change in currency hedging portfolios. In the spring/summer season of long daylight hours, we find evidence of greater short positions for the euro. This is consistent with investors taking more risk in global equities and adding to their currency shorts to hedge the FX exposure. Such changes in euro holdings are reversed in the season of shorter daylight hours, consistent with risky investments being reduced due to greater risk aversion so currency hedges are reduced. For currency returns, we find that the greater shorting in spring–summer is associated with currency depreciation over the season of long days. In the season of short days, currency buying associated with cutting hedging positions leads to currency appreciation. We find that the SAD influence on seasonal currency returns is much like the evidence for equity returns. Finally, we construct and backtest a SAD-inspired currency portfolio. We find that trading the spring/summer risk-on SAD effect from longer days and recovery from SAD-related depression had a decent positive risk-adjusted performance and displayed fairly consistent performance over time.
Retinal artery/vein vessel segmentation and measurement for hypertension based on multi-level edge-guided network
Authors: Xu Jie , Chen Youxin , Yang Kang , Zhang Dongdong , Liu Peng , Jiang Hongyang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHypertension is a primary risk factor for the onset of cardiocerebrovascular diseases, leading to increased mortality. In the early stages of hypertension, changes in the diameter of the retinal arteries and veins are closely observed. Therefore, the automatic segmentation of these arteries and veins in retinal fundus images is crucial for hypertension monitoring. However, current deep learning based methods still fail to generate semantically consistent segmentation result, especially for narrow blood vessel segments. Moreover, the pixels near the vessel edge are prone to be missclassified by current methods, struggling to obtain edge-preserving segmentation results. These critical issues severely hinder downstream applications, which require accurate measurement of artery/vein diameter. First, to alleviate the issue of lacking semantic consistency for vessel segments, we propose a long-range spatial dependency modeling module to learn to model the long-range spatial dependency. On this basis, a multi-level edge guided spatial aggregation module is further presented to enhance the ability to accurately classify the edge pixels, generating edge-preserving results. Extensive experimental results on the widely used DRIVE dataset and our constructed dataset (HFC-50) show the superiority of the proposed model over state-of-the-art methods. Our method achieves balanced accuracy of 95.7% on DRIVE dataset, outperforming all state-of-art methods. Finally, in order to directly demonstrate the benefit of more accurate retinal artery/vein vessel segmentation for the measurement of the ratio of artery and vein, we quantitatively evaluate the computed artery/vein ratio for hypertension patients, with the artery/vein segmentation results generated by our proposed method.
High-resolution fully-polarimetric synthetic aperture radar dataset
Authors: West R. Derek , Henriksen Amelia , Steinbach Eric , Ebeida Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Fully-polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data contain a rich body of elementary scattering physics information that is critically valuable for a broad range of applications and scientific purposes. However, there is a lack of available high-resolution (< 0.3048-m) data available for PolSAR phenomenology research. This article introduces a high-resolution PolSAR data set collected and provided by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The data sets were collected to support studying high-resolution scattering physics from different types of clutter and applications such as polarimetric-based terrain classification.

Data description
The data set presented consists of 39 200 m × 200 m complex-valued PolSAR image sets with 0.12-m (~ 4.7-inch) resolution and is the result of two different collection campaigns, one campaign in 2013 and the other in 2015. The data sets were collected with SNL’s airborne fully-polarimetric X-band (9.6 GHz center frequency) radar system and contains a variety of natural and cultural clutter environments with scene content ranging from agricultural fields to urbanized areas collected throughout the greater Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A. region.
Prudential Perfectionism: A Refinement
Authors: DORSEY DALE 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Perfectionism, the view according to which the good for an x is constituted by flourishing as an x, is a venerable account of the good, the popularity of which has only grown in recent decades. In this paper, I assess the merits of perfectionism in its traditional form, and argue in favor of a refinement. Specifically, I focus on traditional perfectionism’s account of the Central Axiological Category (CAC)---the kind ("x") that subjects fall into for the purposes of determining their good. I argue that shifting our understanding of the CAC from the traditional human category to the category of valuer is faithful to the most significant perfectionist insights, and does not succumb to the numerous and substantial challenges for the traditional understanding.
Exploring Magnetic and Electrical Brain Stimulation in Parkinsonian Dyskinetic Monkeys
Authors: Gouriou Estelle , Bourque Mélanie , Schneider Cyril , Di Paolo Thérèse 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT:

Background:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) chronic L-Dopa treatment often triggers motor complications, such as L-Dopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). LID are reported to be associated with abnormal glutamatergic activity between the striatum and primary motor cortex (M1), resulting in M1 hyperactivation. Beneficial noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) paradigms were reported to normalize glutamatergic activity. The objective of the present study was thus to set up a NIBS paradigm in parkinsonian monkeys to investigate motor behavior under basal conditions and with L-Dopa treatment-inducing dyskinesias.

Methods:
Motor behavior was investigated in five 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) dyskinetic female Macaca fascicularis monkey models of PD, allowing us to monitor the administration of NIBS and drugs. NIBS used were inhibitory protocols, that is, cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) and continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS). A procedure of three weeks was developed to progressively acclimate animals to the experimental conditions, equipment and noise of c-tDCS and cTBS before stimulating them with either vehicle or L-Dopa.

Results:
One session of c-tDCS with L-Dopa yielded no effect, whereas five sessions briefly reduced LID but decreased the duration of L-Dopa anti-PD effects. cTBS alone improved (decreased) parkinsonian scores as compared to sham stimulation or vehicle alone. Two sessions of cTBS with L-Dopa decreased LID without affecting L-Dopa anti-PD effects.

Conclusion:
This is the first study testing c-tDCS and cTBS on the motor behavior of MPTP dyskinetic monkeys. As compared to medicated patients, MPTP monkeys offer the opportunity to evaluate NIBS after-effects in drug-free and LID conditions, which are critical in the search for new PD treatment.
Predicted distribution of the endemic fern Elaphoglossum beddomei reveals threats to rainforests of Western Ghats of India
Authors: Thulasi R. , Munoz Francois , Sreekumar E.R. , Nair Maya C. , Rajesh K.P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pteridophytes are excellent ecological indicators of habitat quality. In this study, we built a model that predicts the habitat suitability of Elaphoglossum beddomei Sledge, an epiphytic or lithophytic and endemic pteridophyte in Southern Western Ghats, by using the technique of species distribution modelling. The occurrence data of E. beddomei from field explorations as well as from various herbaria were collected during 2018–2022. These occurrence data along with climatic data were processed by R packages. The processed data were further analysed using MaxEnt software to project the distribution of E. beddomei in future climatic scenarios. After correlation analysis, five bioclimatic variables – Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter (bio8), Precipitation of Driest Quarter (bio17), Precipitation of Warmest Quarter (bio18), Precipitation of Wettest Quarter (bio16) and Temperature Annual Range (BIO5-BIO6) (bio7) – were selected from 19 bioclimatic variables with less correlation. Precipitation of Warmest Quarter (bio18) had the most influence in determining the distribution of E. beddomei, with a permutation importance of 83%. Conversely, Temperature Annual Range (BIO5-BIO6) (bio7) and Precipitation of Driest Quarter (bio17) showed least influence in determining the distribution of E. beddomei, and hence, the models created without these variables are considered for prediction. The habitat suitability predictions of the model indicate that the potential habitats of the species may get reduced in Southern Western Ghats in future climatic scenarios. It is in tune with the predicted expansion of drier climatic zones in Southern Western Ghats, which may reduce the suitable habitats for the E. beddomei in near future. So, it demands formulating suitable strategies for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, regenerating forests and conserving forests by implementing more stringent policies on the environment to protect such highly habitat-specific evergreen elements.
Dynamic semantic networks for exploration of creative thinking
Authors: Georgiev Danko D. , Georgiev Georgi V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Human creativity originates from brain cortical networks that are specialized in idea generation, processing, and evaluation. The concurrent verbalization of our inner thoughts during the execution of a design task enables the use of dynamic semantic networks as a tool for investigating, evaluating, and monitoring creative thought. The primary advantage of using lexical databases such as WordNet for reproducible information-theoretic quantification of convergence or divergence of design ideas in creative problem solving is the simultaneous handling of both words and meanings, which enables interpretation of the constructed dynamic semantic networks in terms of underlying functionally active brain cortical regions involved in concept comprehension and production. In this study, the quantitative dynamics of semantic measures computed with a moving time window is investigated empirically in the DTRS10 dataset with design review conversations and detected divergent thinking is shown to predict success of design ideas. Thus, dynamic semantic networks present an opportunity for real-time computer-assisted detection of critical events during creative problem solving, with the goal of employing this knowledge to artificially augment human creativity.
Human Cystic Echinococcosis Treated with Individualised Homoeopathy—A Case Report
Authors: Raizada Sonia , Shukla Indu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCystic echinococcosis is a chronic, complex and neglected disease caused by the larval form of cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The liver is the most frequently parasitised organ in humans. Percutaneous drainage, systemic chemotherapy and surgery are the therapies available for hydatid cyst treatment where the risks associated with invasive procedures may be particularly high. Therefore, homoeopathic individualised treatment can be a better approach to treating cases of hydatid cysts without any side effects and risks. In the presented case, the patient received homoeopathic medicine Magnesium muriaticum based on individualisation and Medorrhinum as an intercurrent medicine. The homoeopathic treatment resulted in an overall improvement in the health of the patient. Serial ultrasounds also showed a reduction in the cyst size. This case highlights the fact that homoeopathy can be a plausible alternative to conventional treatment like surgery in cases of hydatid cysts along with improvement in the quality of life of patients as represented by EQ-5D-5L. The Modified Naranjo Criteria explicitly depict the potential causal relationship between the treatment and observed changes.
Assessing coastal aquifer vulnerability to seawater intrusion: adaptation of the DCG method and application to the Dradère–Souière coastal aquifer in northern Morocco
Authors: Bekkour Fouad , Amharref Mina , Es Saouini Hind , Acharki Siham , Bernoussi Abdes Samed 
Published: November 2024

Context Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers represents a major global environmental challenge, leading to salinisation of these water resources. Aims This study aims to protect coastal aquifers from marine salinisation by assessing their vulnerability to seawater intrusion. Methods The DCG method was adapted by considering the weighted sum of the following three critical parameters controlling seawater intrusion: distance from saltwater (D), aquifer hydraulic conductivity (C) and the hydraulic gradient (G). Thereby, the weights assigned to these parameters were objectively determined through sensitivity tests. Key results The DCG map of the Dradère–Souière coastal aquifer shows that vulnerability increases near the sea, with a high to extreme vulnerability zone extending parallel to the coastline up to 5000 m inland. These findings are corroborated by a correlation analysis with the electrical conductivity map. Conclusion This study highlighted the adaptation of the DCG method for assessing the vulnerability of coastal aquifers to seawater intrusion and its successful application to the Dradère–Souière coastal aquifer. Implications The DCG method could be extended to other coastal regions as a strategic tool for protecting against seawater intrusion. Further improvements could be achieved by correlating it with other approaches and integrating it with GIS technologies.
Tighter sum unitary uncertainty relation
Authors: Zhang Xia , Wang Xue , Ma Haitao , Liu Ming , Xing Junjing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Unitary uncertainty relations provide a theoretical framework that enhances our understanding of the principles underlying quantum mechanics and its applications in quantum information science. In this study, we derive both the unitary uncertainty relation and the weighted unitary uncertainty relation based on the sum variance for arbitrary pairs of unitary operators. By applying the arithmetic geometric mean inequality, we obtain a lower bound that is tighter than the one provided by Bagchi and Pati. [Physical Review A 94,042104] for two unitary operators. To illustrate our results, we include examples of both the unitary uncertainty relation and the weighted uncertainty relation based on sum variance.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in two dimensions under non-equilibrium laminar flows
Authors: Minami Yuki , Nakano Hiroyoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the long-range order in two dimensions, where an order parameter is advected by laminar flows such as rotational, shear and elongational flows. Under these flows, we analyze the ordered state of the O(N) scalar model in the large-N limit. We show that the stability of the ordered state depends on the flow pattern; shear and elongational flows stabilize the long-range order but rotational flow does not. We discuss the physical mechanism underlying our results by connecting static correlations between fluctuations and their dynamics based on the interaction representation used in quantum mechanics. We find that advective transport induces superdiffusion under shear and elongational flows, thereby stabilizing the long-range order.
Research and Practice on EOR Development Strategy of Water Drive Followed by Gas Drive in Fractured Carbonate Reservoir in Bohai Sea
Authors: Li Tingli , Yuan Zhiqian , Zhang Zhang , Liu Chunyan , Zhang Mo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Focusing on the issues of high comprehensive water cut and low recovery degree following water flooding in the CFD 2-2 carbonate buried hill reservoir in the Bohai Sea, the productivity variation law, water cut rising characteristics and development effect of horizontal wells were analyzed based on different types of reservoir classification systems. The reservoir numerical simulation model of dual media coupling of matrix and fracture is established, and the analysis is done on the matrix and fracture production state, the distribution pattern of the residual oil, and the primary governing parameters.. The physical simulation experiment of water flooding to gas flooding is carried out. In conjunction with the distribution characteristics of fractures and matrix residual oil in low, middle and upper tiers of the framework, the development strategy of nitrogen injection pressure water cone in low water-flooded area, nitrogen flooding in middle inter-well residual oil enrichment area and nitrogen huff and puff in high well point residual oil enrichment area is put forward. The recovery rate is increased by 5-8 %, which successfully enhances the high water cut stage development effect, and provides reference for similar oilfield development.