bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seepage Diglossia Pakpak Dairi Language: Sociolinguistics Study
Authors: Basaria Ida - 
Published: February 2018

<p>Diglossia is essentially a term used to describe a state of the people who know and use two or more languages to communicate among its members (a society that recognized two or more languages for intrasocietal communication). So the use of bilingual diglossia situation or more in the same community 'governed' by a policy for the selection of the language to be use. Event diglossia shows the distribution function of two or more languages are also giving the impression of their kind of language that is "high" and the type of language that is "low", This type of language used is high in situations that are considered more formal, by people including educated, and more prestige value and prestige. While the types of lower language used in situations that are more informal, by the common man and as a means of general intercommunication. In fact, diglossia situation is actually happening in Indonesia; Functions performed by Indonesian high and low functions carried out by the regional languages in Indonesia. National language as a second language that calls for all levels of society to use it, could result in local languages as a first language gradually eroded. If it is forced through, then the language area that is less powerful because it’s a little bit unknown can disappear even more in the future. This is certainly very unfortunate, because it coincides with the loss of local languages, indigenous or traditional knowledge stored in the oral tradition also can not be saved. It was when seen from the side of the opposition; Different when seen from the side of the union, then between the local language and national languages can co-exist in harmony. This study wanted to examine the analytic theory of how language Pakpak Dairi sociolinguistic as local and Indonesian language as the national language used by speakers in North Sumatra that suffered disproportionately situation.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
The Challenges of Refugees Protection
Authors: Bydoon Maysa Said 
Published: February 2018

<p>The current crises and civil war in many countries, increasingly challenge the rapid growth of influx of refugees. More recently, as a matter of fact, the asylum issue is one of the most important issues in the international community that shed lights on a violation of refugees’ rights and most importantly a safe area to live in. The article examines the refugee protection in light of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1951 and Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. It is true that such convention and its complementary protocol contribute in establishing the international law of refugee protection, however, its argues that the convention does not cover all people into danger in terms of refuges definition and principals of non refoulement.</p>
Exploration of Food Culture in Kisumu: A Socio-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Odede Fredrick Argwenge , Hayombe Dr. Patrick O. , G. Agong’ Prof. Stephen 
Published: February 2018

<p>Increasingly food culture in the context of socio-cultural dimension is becoming important for sustainable urban development. In the last four years food festivals have been held in Kisumu attracting several interests both from within and without the City. The Kisumu fish night event of 2013 marked the melting point of food culture in Kisumu. This paper thus explores the noble intention of integrating food culture in Kisumu as a socio-cultural capital for the advancement of City sustainable development agenda. To an agrarian society, life is about food from its production, the processing/preservation up to the consumption or the sharing. People connect to their cultural or ethnic background through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods leading to the question: Are Luos in Kisumu defined by their own food culture? This study further investigated the mode of production, and storage of food resources, examined food cuisines of the Luo community in Kisumu, and assessed the food habits, practices and beliefs associated with food cuisines, as well as, the nutritional and socio-cultural values of Luo cuisines. The research employed qualitative methods of data collection such as interviews, observation, focused group discussion and photography using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Content analysis was used to draw general universal statements in thematic areas with respect to the research objectives. The study revealed that Luo community in Kisumu has a food culture laced with rich cultural practices, rituals and societal norms that defines them as a distinct cultural identity but interacts with other cultural groups in the metropolitan city of Kisumu. Further, the study confirms that indeed food culture is vital for sustainable development of urban centre granted that Kisumu largely evolved as urban centre for exchange of goods for food.</p>
On Telling a Lie to Reveal the Truth: Mongrel
Authors: Oleson James Clinton 
Published: February 2018

<p>South African author William Dicey’s 2016 collection of essays, Mongrel, operates as a literary prism, refracting and clarifying literary and sociological elements of life. The book’s six essays grapple with a sprawling range of subjects, including: the elusive distinction between fiction and non-fiction, literary footnotes, the endeavor of writing, the search for truth, the citizen’s search for community, the relevance of ethnicity in post-apartheid society, the perpetuation of socioeconomic disadvantage, the tragedy of criminal justice, and collective moral culpability for climate change. History, economics, and practical ethics underscore the entire collection, and exogenous sources such as Nabokov’s Pale Fire and Coetzee’s Disgrace can lend depth to the works. The essays of Mongrel can be understood as six discrete works, but they can also be understood as a meta-narrative that takes as its object the sociological search for restored community and the literary quest for authenticity. </p>
The Use of Drama in English Teaching of Chinese Arts Colleges
Authors: Wang Ping 
Published: February 2018

<p>The study of English communication is not only a must to arts majors for international arts communication, but also a big challenge for them to master. The aim of the study is to explore the use of drama activities in English communication class in a Chinese arts college and to determine whether drama activities are beneficial to arts majors’ language proficiency and other cognitive skills. For this study, we employed a qualitative method by analyzing students’ reflective writing and observing participants’ activities. The findings show that drama in education is an effective way to teach college English in a Chinese arts college, so that a more elaborated curriculum design is urgently needed for better teaching and learning. </p>
Megan's Law and Durkheim’s Perspective of Punishment: Retribution, Rehabilitation or Both?
Authors: Chaudhuri Tanni 
Published: February 2018

<p>The victimization of Adam Walsh, Jacob Wetterling and Megan Kanka has been instrumental in designing sex offender laws. Registration and Community Notification Laws (RCNLs) are informally known as Megan’s Law (Terry 2011.) This paper explores sex offender legislation from the Durkheimian framework of retribution versus rehabilitation. In this paper I attempt to answer the research question: Does sex offender legislation respond to the diluted stance of punishment, which Durkheim envisioned is characteristic of modern societal sentiments (rehabilitation replacing retribution)? Why or why not? I first outline a brief history of sex offender legislation, followed by a discussion of select characteristics of societies that exhibit retributive and rehabilitative justice. Based on scholastic evidence presented in this paper, I conclude the punitive tendencies of current sex offender legislations are more retributive than rehabilitative. Current policies do not conform to the progress of punishment which Durkheim envisioned is concomitant to social evolution, and in many ways, demonstrates taking a step backwards.</p>
Public Health: Socio-Political History of a People
Authors: Adu-Gyamfi Samuel , Dramani Aminu , Amakye-Boateng Kwasi , Akomeah Sampson 
Published: February 2018

<p>This study focuses on the transformations that have characterised public health in Asante. The study highlights the changes that have occurred in the traditional public health which include the use of roots, leaves, back of trees and spiritualities’ as well as the colonial administration’s introduction of modern or western medicine and post-colonial inheritance. The domination of Asante from 1902-1957 by the British influenced the public health in Asante. This necessitated the introduction of western medicine, which included the building of hospitals and clinics and training of physicians to cater for the sick. Post-colonial Ghana after 1957saw a new direction in public health in Asante it ensured continuity and change. However, of the all the successes of traditional medicine and its importance even in modern times, an in-depth study of this subject has not received attention for the benefit of academia and society. It is critical to turn back, consider how public health was ensured in the first half of the twentieth century and balance it with modern practices. This will help us draw necessary lessons for modern society. This study, therefore, does a retrospective analyses/narrative on the accessibility and equitability of health to all citizens of Ghana and Asante in particular within the twentieth century and to further access the continuity and change over time. </p>
The Basic Social Values which underlies Social Institutions of Farmers In The Rural Agro-Tourism Area of Central Java
Authors: Santosa Imam , Suyanto Agus 
Published: February 2018

<p>This research aims to explore the basic value of social institution of farmers and find the technique of re-functionalization of social institutions of farmers. The design of this research is using a case study method based on qualitative and quantitative approach. This research is intentionally conducted in Karangreja Sub-district, Purbalingga Regency of Central Java Province. Based on the research results, The prominent basic social values in the social institutions of farmers in the Agro-tourism area tend to be still around the proximity to the production process. Three prominent basic values: (1) the basic value of perseverance in the process of production, (2) the basic value of togetherness for making decision on production, (3) the value of carefulness in sorting and grading product. Indeed the basic value of togetherness to fight for the price is high but it has not bring such a tangible results for farmers’. The authors predicted that if the socio-economic institutions are strong, they will be able to empower farmers and vice versa if the social institution is weak then the empowerment of farmers is also weak. However, it is necessary to concern that the institution which in charge of product quality, post harvest technology and marketing has not been much strengthened, so that the welfare of farmers has not changed much. Institutional strengthening in sectors that are still weak need to get more attention from various parties so that farmers become more dynamic and more empowered.</p>
Using Islamic Meditation Tradition “Suluk” Model for Mental Health
Authors: Sutatminingsih Raras 
Published: February 2018

Islamic meditation tradition (Suluk) has been practiced in religiosity context, but it is rarely used as research object in Health and Psychology Sciences. Many efforts and practices of psychology therapy have been done to have energies and well-being, nonetheless, the Islamic Mediation Tradition seldom discussed. This research was conducted to find the degree of the relationship between the practice of suluk, religiosity, management of the six basic energies and psychological well-being among the saliks practicing suluk at Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah and those who are non-saliks. This research applied the mixed method of quantitative method and qualitative method. The study findings from the qualitative analysis are as follows. The practice of suluk is significantly related to the psychological well-being among the saliks and non-saliks (β = .765; p < .01) and all its aspects, that is, autonomy (β = .751; p <.01), control of environment (β = .525; p < .01), personal growth (β = .520; p < .01), positive relationship with others (β=.598; p < .01), purpose in life (β = 744; p < .01), and self-acceptance (β = .687; p < .01).First, the saliks and non-saliks have intrinsic religiosity. Second, the management of physical energy has constructive as well as destructive effects on saliks and non-saliks. Then, the management of the instinctive energy, intellectual energy, emotional energy and transcendental energy have constructive effects on them. Meanwhile, the management of spiritual energy has constructive effects on the saliks, but has constructive as well as destructive effects on the non-saliks. Third, all aspects of psychological well-being have positive effects on the saliks, but have positive and negative influences on the non-saliks.
Effect of L-Arginin to Repair Coronary Endothelial Heart Damage in Mice of Preeclampsia Model
Authors: Sudarmono Alip , Sulistyowati Sri , Respati Supriyadi Hari , Anggraeni Asih 
Published: February 2018

Background: Preeclampsia was thought to be caused by oxidative stress. Where there was an increased in lipoperoxidation products and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and decreased antioxidants. L-Arginine through the nitric oxide line inhibit nitrite oxide synthase inhibitor causing vascular vasodilation. This study aimed to analyze the effect L-Arginine to repair endothelial damage: thickness and diameter of the coronary arteries in the heart of the mice preeclampsia model.
Methods: Experimental, 30 pregnant mice were randomly divided into three groups, in normal 10 (N), preeclampsia 10 (PE) and preeclampsia with L-Arginine 10 (PE-L) . Preeclampsia mice were made by injecting anti-Qa2 10 ng ip on day 1 to 4th day of pregnancy. L-Arginine was administered at a dose of 200 mg / kgbw from day 7 to day 15. Termination in 16th day, observation the histologic changes of the thickness and diameter coronary arteries. Statistics were used Kruskall Wallis test, followed by Mann Whitney's test.
Results: Mean coronary artery diameter of normal group was 1098,12 μm, preeclampsia 821,58 μm with p=0,004 and preeclampsia with L-Arginine 991,27 μm with p=0,01 9 . Mean coronary artery diameter was normal 1098,12 μm compared to coronary artery diameter of preeclampsia with L- Arginine 991,27 μm with p=0,326 . Mean coronary artery thickness of normal group 178,13 μm, preeclampsia 235,29 μm with p=0,009. Mean thickness of the coronary arteries of normal 178,13 μm, compared to coronary artery thickness of preeclampsia with L-Arginine 169,96 μm with p=0,669. Mean coronary artery thickness was 235,29 μm preeclampsia compared to coronary artery thickness of preeclampsia with L-Arginine 169,96 μm with p=0,002 (p <0,05).
Conclusions: L-Arginine effects of reducing coronary artery wall thickness and expanding diameter of heart coronary artery of preeclampsia mice model .
A cross-sectional study regarding Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of hand washing among health care providers in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Tripura
Authors: Chakraborty Dr. Tamal , Karmakar Dr. Nabarun , Nag Dr. Kaushik , Datta Dr. Anjan , Saha Prabir Kumar , Biswas Chinmoy 
Published: February 2018

Introduction:- Infection prevention and control is an integral component of health care delivery in any setting to reduce risks for morbidity and mortality in patients and care givers at all levels. The practice of hand hygiene by health care workers, through the use of either soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, is widely considered to be the most important and effective means of preventing health care – associated infections.
Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices of health care providers regarding hand washing.
Materials and methods:- An institutional based cross sectional study was carried out in outdoor patient, indoor ward among 193 health care providers (doctors, nursing staffs, OT assistants, laboratory technicians, ward boys and ward girls) in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Tripura from September – October 2017. A pre-tested questionnaire was used as study tool to collect information on knowledge, attitude and practices about hand washing.
Result:- Majority (73.6%) of the populations was among 18-25 years age group with a female predominance (70.5% females) and most of them were Hindu (94.5%). Most of them (97.5%) know about the importance of hand washing. Around (48.3%) wash hand with soap followed by liquid hand wash (44%) that showed (91%) washed hands with soap and water.
Conclusion:-The current study revealed the knowledge, attitude and absence of sufficient practice of hand washing among health care providers. Future studies in this context are recommended to further determine the factors responsible for these lacunae. Also there is a need to educate the health care workers about hand washing practices and to periodically train them about the six steps of hand washing.
The study on prevalence of polypharmacy in elderly patients presenting for first time to the geriatric clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala
Authors: Rajeev Dr Aswin , Paul Dr George , George Dr Sobha , Vijayakumar Dr Priya 
Published: February 2018

Introduction : Elderly patients are the most common group who use heath care facilities. This study assesses the prevalence of polypharmacy and use of potentially inappropriate medications in elderly patients presenting to the geriatric clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala for first time.
Materials and methods : The study was a hospital based retrospective study. The data from patients presenting to Geriatrics clinic from period of 1 st January 2016 to 31 st December 2016 were retrieved from the medical records and assessed for polypharmacy (taking >5 medications at a time) and potentially inappropriate drugs in accord with modified 2012 Beer’s criteria.
Results : A total of 275 patients were included in the study of which 110 (40%) were males and 165 (60%) were females. The prevalence of polypharmacy found to be 22.9%. 63 out of total 275 patients took more than 5 medications at a time. 81 (29.5%) out of 275 patients had at least one potentially inappropriate medication.
Conclusion : The prescription of potentially inappropriate medications is a serious problem which can affect overall quality of health care. Hence regular medication review and reconciliation practices should be implemented to prevent this to an extent.
The Development Model of Store Atmosphere in Culinary Business to Increase the Purchasing Interest of Society in the Sub-District of Percut Sei Tuan
Authors: Arianty Nel , Ashal Lubis H. Akrim 
Published: February 2018

Culinary business has a lot of competition which is faced by business actors. So, in the culinary business, it demands every effort to be able to compete and to defend against competitors. The increasingly fierce competition requires the entrepreneurs to think of the right strategy in competence. This becomes a business opportunity and challenge for every business that operates in Indonesia.
This study aims to make the store atmosphere in culinary business able to compete and to increase the purchasing interest of the society, therefore the purpose in the first year is to conduct a field survey to record and to analyze the culinary business so that people know and are interested to visit and to buy the products that are offered. In the second year is to design and to test model, and to make brochure or pocket book about store atmosphere in culinary business.
From the results of study, it shows that the store atmosphere in culinary business in Sub-District of Percut Sei Tuan if it is viewed from the store exterior indicator, it has less good value with an average value of 3.216, general interior also has less good average value with an average value of 2.984, while store layout in the business has good value with an average value of 3.578 means that business owners can maintain by improving existing facilities, store displays have less good average value with an average value of 3.328.
If it is seen from the results, it is expected that culinary business owners in the Sub-District of Percut Sei Tuan should improve the atmosphere of business place for purchasing interest of society to emerge. Besides store atmosphere indicator, the addition of other indicators is the purchasing interest of the society in which the average value that is generated from the questionnaire is still showing less good value with an average value of 3.3, it means that it becomes a problem for culinary business in Sub-District of Percut Sei Tuan.
Sustainable Development Goals and Community Service Organizations Working for Children in Education in Sudan
Authors: Abdelmoneium-PhD. Azza O 
Published: February 2018

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) working towards the 2030 agenda are intergovernmental set of aspirations goals outlining 17 development goals and it has associated 169 targets. Among them is education, which ensures inclusive and equitable quality education, and promote lifelong learning opportunities. Civil society organizations (CSO), plays an important role in achieving SDG in education. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problems encountered by CSO in providing basic education in Sudan for poor children, in particular, gender equality in education, child friendly schools to ensure quality in education.
This paper used empirical data, which was part of a PhD dissertation on displaced children and CSO. Interviews and focus groups discussions conducted with children age 10-18 and with four CSO key managers. Interviews conducted with a sample of 129 poor children in Khartoum.
The paper will present a case study from Sudan and the voices of the children in access to education and the role of CSO in providing gender equality in education. I argue that if CSO works with and for poor children in education, and have a sound strategy to gender equality in education; SDGs in education by 2030 might achieve. The paper will end with recommendations for access to education and gender equality in education. CSO should work with and for the poor children in education and should strive towards achieving gender equality in education.
Imagen impresa y ciudad, Buenos Aires (1890-1910)
Authors: Bonelli Zapata Ana 
Published: February 2018

<p>Los últimos años del siglo XIX en Buenos Aires fueron testigos de importantes cambios en el campo de la gráfica, con la introducción de nuevas técnicas, circulación de objetos e imágenes impresas, así como en la percepción y experiencia de la ciudad misma. Las transformaciones del espacio, tanto público como privado, así como sus representaciones, dan cuenta de nuevas prácticas de sociabilidad, nuevos significados y la conformación de una nueva cultura visual en torno a la “metrópolis” y el “progreso”. El ferrocarril, como medio de transporte y tecnología, pero también como marca visible en el espacio, jugará también un rol en esos cambios, y su representación irá estrechamente vinculada con ellos. La imagen impresa, más allá de sus múltiples relaciones con el campo artístico, posee características propias en cuanto a sus modos de producción (más o menos artesanal, más o menos industriales), su materialidad (inserta en diversos soportes, múltiple, con mayor o menor vinculación a un discurso textual), así como las redes de circulación que implica. En este sentido, se propone pensar de cuáles modos particulares las imágenes impresas aparecidas en este contexto se relacionaron con la percepción y la experiencia del espacio, las nuevas tecnologías y el consumo urbano.</p>