bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric living donor liver transplant in a recipient with biliary atresia and portal vein duplication—How did we manage it?
Authors: Gondolesi Gabriel E. , Bitetti Lisandro , Rumbo Carolina , Sueiras Ines , Lobos Fernando David , Lieber Gonzalo , Oxilia Héctor , Villavicencio Roberto , Costaguta Alejandro , Barros Schelotto Pablo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPortal vein malformations might occur during the embryonic period, as a consequence of abnormal remodeling of vitelline veins during embryonic life. Patients suffering from biliary atresia are particularly prone to have vascular malformations; although being the most frequent indication for liver transplantation in the pediatric age, portal vein duplication has not been so far associated with biliary atresia, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no‐written evidence describing how to manage it when it is first diagnosed while performing a pediatric liver transplant. Therefore, we present a recent case from our group, describing the intraoperative diagnosis of a double portal system in a patient with biliary atresia and failed Kasai. We aim to describe its surgical management, understanding that it is a real challenge to find them unexpectedly during the surgical procedure in the setting of cirrhosis and portal hypertension, particularly in small patients; therefore, by reporting this case, we aim to make readers aware about the chance of finding it, and how to managed it, to include this approach as part of the surgical armamentarium.
A single injection of corifollitropin alfa supplemented with human chorionic gonadotropin increases follicular recruitment and transferable embryos in the rabbit
Authors: Viudes‐de‐Castro María Pilar , Marco‐Jiménez Francisco , Más Pellicer Alba , García‐Domínguez Ximo , Talaván Amparo M. , Vicente Jose Salvador 
Published: January 2019

ContentsSuperovulation protocols are designed to achieve maximum embryo yields. Nevertheless, ovarian response control and the quality of obtained embryos are still a challenge. On the other hand, to save the superovulated embryos until their subsequent use, it is usual to cryopreserve them, so it is also crucial to assess their cryotolerance. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a single injection of corifollitropin alfa (FSH‐CTP) alone or supplemented with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and to determine the impact of this stimulation on in vitro and in vivo development of fresh or devitrified embryos. Our outcomes showed that ovulation rate and recovered embryos were significantly increased when hCG was used. In vitro development of fresh and devitrified embryos and survival at birth were not significantly affected by superstimulation treatment. Results of this study suggest that a single injection of long‐acting FSH‐CTP supplemented with hCG can be effectively used in rabbits to elicit an increase in ovulation rate and number of recovered embryos. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hCG supplementation had no negative effects in embryo cryosurvival and development, showing similar survival rate at birth than FSH‐CTP alone group.
An examination of the psychometric properties of scores on the Family Strain Index (FSI) in a general community sample
Authors: Lambek Rikke , Lange Anne‐Mette , Petersen Natasja , Gorrissen Anne Mette 
Published: January 2019

Given the potentially harmful effects of parenting stress on parents, children, and their relationship, it is critical to have a reliable and valid measure of parenting stress in clinical and community samples. The Family Strain Index (FSI) is a brief questionnaire designed to measure stress and demand on parents of children with ADHD. The present study is the first to evaluate the psychometric properties of scores on the FSI in a general community sample. Parents (89% mothers) of 550 preschool children (aged 2–5 years; 50% boys) sampled through 17 kindergartens located in Danish cities and villages completed the FSI, the ADHD Rating Scale (RS)‐IV Preschool Version, and a background questionnaire. FSI scores were characterized by restricted range and floor effects. The scale's construct validity was not supported and the measurement repeatability after 1 month was low. The scale did have convergent validity as levels of parenting stress were associated with perceived ADHD behavior in off‐spring, but overall, results did not encourage the use of the FSI as a measure of parenting stress in the general population. Measures that include more normative events may be more appropriate when attempting to capture parenting stress in general community samples.
The impact of integrated STEM professional development on teacher quality
Authors: Du Wenbin , Liu Denghui , Johnson Carla C. , Sondergeld Toni A. , Bolshakova Virginia L. J. , Moore Tamara J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study of a state‐funded, 3‐year implementation of an integrated STEM professional development (PD) program for teachers from two middle schools in the midwestern U.S. examined if participants in the PD were enabled to transform their practice and perceptions of STEM. An integrated STEM approach includes a focus on the STEM disciplines, along with leveraging social studies/history and English/language arts as important context and tools for solving society’s biggest challenges. Findings in this study indicated that teachers implemented more effective STEM teaching strategies and had more positive perceptions regarding STEM overall. Further, participants became more aware of their personal needs for resources and support to teach through integrated STEM. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Hypoxic tachycardia is not a result of increased respiratory activity in healthy subjects
Authors: Paleczny Bartłomiej , Seredyński Rafał , Tubek Stanisław , Adamiec Dorota , Ponikowski Piotr , Ponikowska Beata 
Published: January 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this research?
Does increased ventilation contribute to the increase in heart rate during transient exposure to hypoxia in humans?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Voluntary suppression of the ventilatory response to transient hypoxia does not affect the magnitude of the heart rate response to the stimulus. This indicates that hypoxic tachycardia is not secondary to hyperpnoea in humans. Better understanding of the physiology underlying the cardiovascular response to hypoxia might help in identification of new markers of elevated chemoreceptor activity, which has been proposed as a target in treatment of sympathetically mediated diseases.

AbstractAnimal data suggest that hypoxic tachycardia is secondary to hyperpnoea, and for years this observation has been extrapolated to humans, despite a lack of experimental evidence. We addressed this issue in 17 volunteers aged 29 ± 7 (SD) years. A transient hypoxia test, comprising several nitrogen‐breathing episodes, was performed twice in each subject. In the first test, the subject breathed spontaneously (spontaneous breathing). In the second test, the subject was repeatedly asked to adjust his or her depth and rate of breathing according to visual (real‐time inspiratory flow) and auditory (metronome sound) cues, respectively (controlled breathing), to maintain respiration at the resting level during nitrogen‐breathing episodes. Hypoxic responsiveness, including minute ventilation [Hyp‐VI; in liters per minute per percentage of blood oxygen saturation ()], tidal volume [Hyp‐VT; in litres per ], heart rate [Hyp‐HR; in beats per minute per ], systolic [Hyp‐SBP; in millimetres of mercury per ] and mean blood pressure [Hyp‐MAP; in millimetres of mercury per ] and systemic vascular resistance [Hyp‐SVR; in dynes seconds (centimetres)−5 per ] was calculated as the slope of the regression line relating the variable to , including pre‐ and post‐hypoxic values. The Hyp‐VI and Hyp‐VT were reduced by 69 ± 25 and 75 ± 10%, respectively, in controlled versus spontaneous breathing (Hyp‐VI, −0.30 ± 0.15 versus −0.11 ± 0.09; Hyp‐VT, −0.030 ± 0.024 versus −0.007 ± 0.004; both P < 0.001). However, the cardiovascular responses did not differ between spontaneous and controlled breathing (Hyp‐HR, −0.62 ± 0.24 versus −0.71 ± 0.33; Hyp‐MAP, −0.43 ± 0.19 versus −0.47 ± 0.21; Hyp‐SVR, 9.15 ± 5.22 versus 9.53 ± 5.57; all P ≥ 0.22), indicating that hypoxic tachycardia is not secondary to hyperpnoea. Hyp‐HR was correlated with Hyp‐SVR (r = −074 and −0.80 for spontaneous and controlled breathing, respectively; both P < 0.05) and resting barosensitivity assessed with the sequence technique (r = −0.60 for spontaneous breathing; P < 0.05). This might suggest that the baroreflex mechanism is involved.
Analysis of Shutdown System Effectiveness in the Canadian Super Critical Water Reactor Using Coupled Thermal Hydraulics and Three-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Authors: Hummel David William , Novog David Raymond 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Canadian supercritical water-cooled reactor concept features a re-entrant fuel channel wherein coolant first travels down a center flow tube and then up around the fuel elements. Previous work demonstrated that in cases of sudden coolant flow reduction or reversal (such as that which would result from a large pipe break near the core inlet), the coolant density reduction around the fuel has a positive reactivity effect that results in a power excursion. Such a transient is inherently self-terminating since the inevitable density reduction in the center flow tube has a very large negative reactivity effect. Nevertheless, a brief power pulse would ensue. In this work, the possibility of mitigating the power pulse with a fast-acting shutdown system was explored. The shutdown system model, consisting of bottom-inserted neutron absorbing blades and realistic estimates of insertion rates and trip conditions, was added to a full-core coupled spatial neutron kinetics and thermal-hydraulics model. It was demonstrated that such a system can effectively mitigate both the peak magnitude of the power excursion and its duration.
Supplementation of Probiotics and Its Effects on Physically Active Individuals and Athletes: Systematic Review
Authors: Möller Gabriella Berwig , da Cunha Goulart Maria Júlia Vieira , Nicoletto Bruna Bellincanta , Alves Fernanda Donner , Schneider Cláudia Dornelles 
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the effects of probiotic supplementation on physically active individuals. The participants, interventions, comparisons, outcome and study design inclusion criteria were (a) studies involving healthy adults or older subjects of both sexes who did physical exercise (including athletes and physically active individuals), (b) interventions with probiotics, (c) inclusion of a control group, (d) outcomes not previously defined, and (e) clinical trials and randomized clinical trials, with no language or date restrictions. The search was conducted in the following scientific databases: MEDLINE, Embase, SciELO, Scopus, and Lilacs. Search terms were “Probiotics” OR “Prebiotics” OR “Microbiota” AND “Exercise” OR “Athletes.” The articles were first screened by title and abstract by two independent reviewers and disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted independently by the same two reviewers; results were extracted in duplicate and then compared to avoid errors. A total of 544 articles were retrieved and 24 were included. A total of 1,680 patients were included, most of them being male (n = 1,134, 67.5%), with a mean age of 30.9 ± 6.1 years. Following probiotic supplementation, positive effects have been reported for several outcomes including respiratory tract infection, immunologic markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in both athletes and nonathletes. However, published studies have distinct protocols and measured outcomes, and some of them have small sample size and failed to prove beneficial effect on probiotic supplementation, leading to inconclusive results for standardized supplementation protocols.
The Potential to Change Pacing and Performance During 4000-m Cycling Time Trials Using Hyperoxia and Inspired Gas-Content Deception
Authors: Davies Michael J. , Clark Bradley , Garvican-Lewis Laura A. , Welvaert Marijke , Gore Christopher J. , Thompson Kevin G. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: To determine if a series of trials with fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) content deception could improve 4000-m cycling time-trial (TT) performance. Methods: A total of 15 trained male cyclists (mean [SD] body mass 74.2 [8.0] kg, peak oxygen uptake 62 [6] mL·kg−1·min−1) completed six 4000-m cycling TTs in a semirandomized order. After a familiarization TT, cyclists were informed in 2 initial trials they were inspiring normoxic air (NORM, FiO2 0.21); however, in 1 trial (deception condition), they inspired hyperoxic air (NORM-DEC, FiO2 0.36). During 2 subsequent TTs, cyclists were informed they were inspiring hyperoxic air (HYPER, FiO2 0.36), but in 1 trial, normoxic air was inspired (HYPER-DEC). In the final TT (NORM-INFORM), the deception was revealed and cyclists were asked to reproduce their best TT performance while inspiring normoxic air. Results: Greater power output and faster performances occurred when cyclists inspired hyperoxic air in both truthful (HYPER) and deceptive (NORM-DEC) trials than NORM (P < .001). However, performance only improved in NORM-INFORM (377 W; 95% confidence interval [CI] 325–429) vs NORM (352 W; 95% CI 299–404; P < .001) when participants (n = 4) completed the trials in the following order: NORM-DEC, NORM, HYPER-DEC, HYPER. Conclusions: Cycling performance improved with acute exposure to hyperoxia. Mechanisms for the improvement were likely physiological; however, improvement in a deception trial suggests an additional placebo effect. Finally, a particular sequence of oxygen deception trials may have built psychophysiological belief in cyclists such that performance improved in a subsequent normoxic trial.
Is the Functional Threshold Power Interchangeable With the Maximal Lactate Steady State in Trained Cyclists?
Authors: Klitzke Borszcz Fernando , Ferreira Tramontin Artur , Pereira Costa Vitor 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: Functional threshold power (FTP), determined as 95% of the average power during a 20-min time trial, is suggested as a practical test for the determination of the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in cycling. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the validity of FTP in predicting MLSS. Methods: A total of 15 cyclists, 7 classified as trained and 8 as well trained (mean [SD] maximal oxygen uptake 62.3 [6.4] mL·kg−1·min−1, maximal aerobic power 329 [30] W), performed an incremental test to exhaustion, an FTP test, and several constant-load tests to determine the MLSS. The bias ± 95% limits of agreement (LoA), typical error of the estimate (TEE), and Pearson coefficient of correlation (r) were calculated to assess validity. Results: For the power-output measures, FTP presented a bias ± 95% LoA of 1.4% ± 9.2%, a moderate TEE (4.7%), and nearly perfect correlation (r = .91) with MLSS in all cyclists together. When divided by training level, the bias ± 95% LoA and TEE were higher in the trained group (1.4% ± 11.8% and 6.4%, respectively) than in the well-trained group (1.3% ± 7.4% and 3.0%, respectively). For the heart-rate measurement, FTP presented a bias ± 95% LoA of −1.4% ± 8.2%, TEE of 4.0%, and very large correlation (r = .80) with MLSS. Conclusion: Therefore, trained and well-trained cyclists can use FTP as a noninvasive and practical alternative to estimate MLSS.
Effects of Resisted Sprints With Changes of Direction Through Several Relative Loads on Physical Performance in Soccer Players
Authors: Rodríguez-Osorio David , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: To compare the effects of resisted change-of-direction (COD) movements, using several relative loads, on soccer players’ physical performance. Methods: Fifty-four male soccer players were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 3 groups, which differed only in the magnitude of the external load used during the COD training: COD training without external load (COD-0; n = 16), COD training with a 12.5% body-mass external load (COD-12.5; n = 19), and COD training with a 50% body-mass external load (COD-50; n = 19). Participants performed the specific COD training twice per week for 6 wk. Before and after the training period, a battery of tests was completed: countermovement jump, 30-m running sprint (time in 10 m [T10], 20 m [T20], and 30 m [T30]), L-run test, and V-cut test. Results: Within-group comparisons showed substantial improvements in countermovement jump and T10 (likely) in COD-0, whereas countermovement jump, T10, and T20 were substantially enhanced (possibly to likely) in COD-50. COD-12.5 induced substantial improvements in all analyzed variables (likely to most likely). Between-groups comparisons showed better effects on all analyzed variables for COD-12.5 than for COD-0 (possibly to very likely), whereas COD-50 only showed possibly better effects than COD-0 on T10. In addition, COD-12.5 induced a better effect on L-run and V-cut tests than COD-50 (possibly to likely). Conclusions: These results indicate that COD training, especially moderate load (12.5% body mass) resisted COD training, may have a positive effect on COD skills, running sprint performance, and jumping ability in young soccer players.
Preseason Functional Performance Test Measures Are Associated With Injury in Female College Volleyball Players
Authors: Brumitt Jason , Mattocks Alma , Loew Jeremy , Lentz Phil 
Published: January 2019

Context: Preseason functional performance test measures have been associated with noncontact time-loss injury in some athletic populations. However, findings have been equivocal with many studies consisting of heterogeneous populations. Objective: To determine if preseason standing long jump and/or single-leg hop test scores are associated with a noncontact time-loss injury to the lower quadrant (LQ = low back or lower-extremities) in female Division III college volleyball (VB) players. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female VB teams. Patients: A total of 82 female college VB players (age = 18.9 [1.0] y). Main Outcome Measures: Standing long jump and single-leg hop test measures were collected at the start of the official preseason. Athletic trainers tracked all time-loss injuries and their mechanisms. Athletes were categorized as at risk if their preseason standing long jump <80% height, bilateral single-leg hop <70% height, and had a SLH side-to-side asymmetry >10%. Results: The noncontact time-loss overall injury rate for the LQ region in at-risk athletes was 13.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3–31.5) per 1000 athletic exposures. At-risk athletes were significantly more likely to experience a noncontact time-loss injury than VB players in the referent group (rate ratio = 6.2; 95% CI, 1.9–17.2; P = .008). The relative risk of sustaining a noncontact time-loss injury to the LQ was 4 times greater in the at-risk group (relative risk = 4.6; 95% CI, 2.1–10.1; P = .01). At-risk athletes were 6 times more likely to experience a foot or ankle injury (relative risk = 6.3; 95% CI, 2.1–19.2; P = .008). Conclusion: Suboptimal performance on a battery of functional performance tests is associated with a significantly greater risk of noncontact time-loss injury to the LQ in female Division III college VB players.
A Novel Blue–Red Photobiomodulation Therapy Patch Effects on a Repetitive Elbow-Flexion Fatigue Task
Authors: Rigby Justin H. , Hagan Austin M. 
Published: January 2019

Background: Photobiomodulation (laser/light) therapy has reduced skeletal muscle fatigue and improved performance in previous research. Objective: To determine if the application of a novel blue (450 nm) and red (645 nm) light-emitting diode photobiomodulation therapy patch improves muscle function and decreases perceived exertion after an elbow-flexion fatigue protocol. Participants: Thirty-four strength-trained individuals (male = 32 and female = 2, age = 22.5 [2.7] y). Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to an active or placebo treatment. On visit 1, participants’ 1-repetition maximal biceps curl was determined, and an orientation session of the fatigue task occurred to ensure no learning effects. Fifty percent of the participants’ 1-repetition maximum was used during the fatigue protocol. On visit 2, participants performed biceps curl repetitions at a speed of 25 repetitions per minute until they could not physically move the weight past 90° of elbow flexion or stay with the set pace. After the fatigue protocol, a 30-minute blue/red light (wavelength = 450 and 645 nm, peak irradiance = 9 mW/cm2, duty cycle = pulsed 33%, and fluence = 5.4 J/cm2) or sham treatment was administered based on the randomized group assignment. Immediately following, the participants repeated the fatigue protocol. The number of complete repetitions was counted, and the participants rated their perceived level of exertion on the Borg scale immediately after each fatigue bout. Results: Overall, fatigue occurred between the 2 exercise bouts (pretreatment = 44.1 [12.3] and posttreatment = 37.4 [9.6] repetitions, P = .02). However, less fatigue was noted in the number of participants of the active treatment group than the sham treatment group. During the posttreatment fatigue task, 29.4% of participants in the active treatment group improved compared to 0% in the sham treatment (P = .045). Conclusion: Nearly 30% of participants had an increase benefit during a repeated-bout fatigue task due to the blue/red light-emitting diode photobiomodulation light patch.
Delineation of lithosphere structure and characterization of the Moho geometry under the Himalaya–Karakoram–Tibet collision zone using surface-wave tomography
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Aoudia A. , Guidarelli M. , Babu Vivek G. , Hazarika Devajit , Yadav D. K. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Group velocities for a period range of 6–60 s for the fundamental mode of the Rayleigh wave passing across the Himalaya–Karakoram–Tibet orogen are used to delineate the structure of the upper lithosphere using the data from 35 broadband seismic stations. 2D tomography velocity maps of group velocities were obtained at grids of 1° separation. Redefined local dispersion curves are inverted non-linearly to obtain 1D velocity models and to construct a 3D image of the S-wave structure down to a depth of 90 km.

The Moho discontinuity is correlated with
c.
4.0 km s
−1
S-wave velocity. The results depict a NE-dipping trend of the Moho depth from
c.
40 km beneath the frontal part of the Himalaya to up to
c.
70–80 km beneath the collision zone before shallowing substantially to
c.
40 km beneath the Tarim Basin. The study also reveals thick deposits of sediments in the Indo-Gangetic plains and the Tarim Basin. A broad low-velocity zone at mid-crustal depth in the western Tibetan Plateau, the Karakoram region and the surface-collision part of the India–Eurasia tectonic plates is interpreted as the effect of partial melting and/or the presence of aqueous fluid. The high velocities in the southern deeper part indicate that the lower crust and uppermost mantle of the Indian Plate are dense and cold.