bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-situ characterization and modeling of machining-induced residual stresses in peripheral milling of Ti–6Al–4V with rounded cutting edges
Authors: Wimmer Matthias , Schoop Julius , Zaeh Michael F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe residual stress state in the sub-surface of machined components can significantly impact the properties and performance of parts, such as tribological properties, fatigue life, and dimensional distortion. The evolution of residual stresses depends on the selected process parameters and tool geometry, which affect the thermo-mechanical load imposed on the workpiece. The cutting-edge radius is among the most important factors influencing the resulting residual stresses. In this paper, a semi-analytical model for the determination of residual stresses after peripheral milling of Ti–6Al–4V is presented. It considers the physical principles of orthogonal machining, including the complex geometric and kinematic relationships during milling, to enable the determination of the residual stress variation after three-dimensional milling. Model input parameters, such as the equivalent Hertzian width of contact, the contact pressure, and the friction coefficients, were determined using a dedicated in-situ experimental setup. In addition, digital image correlation (DIC) was used to characterize the displacement fields in the sub-surface during machining. After the peripheral milling of Ti–6Al–4V, the calculated residual stresses were compared with experimentally measured values for various process parameters and cutting-edge radii. The residual stress model reproduced the 3D residual stress depth profiles with acceptable accuracy. The maximum Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was 29.87 MPa.
Newer Autoantibodies and Laboratory Assessments in Myositis
Authors: Harvey Georgina R , MacFadyen Christine , Tansley Sarah L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We aim to describe the immunoassays that have been used for myositis autoantibody discovery with a focus on newer methods. We describe recently identified myositis autoantibodies that do not yet form part of routine clinical testing, highlighting what is known about their associated clinical phenotype and potential clues as to their presence.

Recent Findings
Novel approaches to autoantibody detection have been employed in recent years including chemiluminescent immunoassay, phage immunoprecipitation-sequencing and modifications to the more traditional immunoprecipitation technique. This has led to the discovery of novel autoantibodies, including novel anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase autoantibodies and autoantibodies which modify cancer risk for patients with anti-TIF1ɣ associated dermatomyositis.

Summary
New approaches to novel autoantibody detection have facilitated autoantibody discovery and will enable the identification of autoantibodies to a broader range of autoantigens. Challenges remain in translating this knowledge into accessible testing particularly given the rarity of most recently discovered autoantibodies.
Mission performance of different landing gear types in medium-sized twin engine helicopters
Authors: Zappek Victor , Yavrucuk Ilkay 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRetractable wheeled landing gears (RWLG) are standard equipment on most large helicopters above 6 tons. They offer better aerodynamics in cruise, improved passenger comfort during landing and enable taxiing compared to skids. However, they are significantly more complex, heavier and more expensive which is why skids are the norm on small to medium helicopters. This paper explores the influence of weight and aerodynamics on a medium-sized helicopter using three example missions in the preliminary design software NDARC. The paper shows the steps to model the helicopter and missions in NDARC and shows the results for a reference skid gear and a reference retractable wheeled landing gear configuration. Additionally, parameter sweeps of weight and drag area of the landing gear are presented as carpet plots to show the effect of other configurations. The achievable mission range is highly dependent on landing gear weight in cases where fuel weight is limited by the MTOW. For a fixed mission range, the fuel savings due to decreased aerodynamic drag of the RWLG approximately offset the higher power demand in hover and slow flight caused by the increased weight. Depending on the share of fast cruise in a mission, the difference in fuel burn can range from −2% to +2%.
Fatigue strength of additively manufactured hot-dip galvanized steel coated with a Zn–5Al alloy
Authors: Kühne Ronny , Voelkel Justus , Bartsch Helen , Feldmann Markus , Pinger Thomas , Sharma Rahul , Reisgen Uwe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the fatigue resistance of additively manufactured steel plates with galvanized surfaces using a Zn–5Al alloy. In addition to fatigue tests, this study examined the effect of hot-dip galvanization (HDG) on fatigue resistance by investigating the surface roughness, zinc layer condition, and quasi-static tension on both galvanized and ungalvanized specimens. The filling effect of the zinc coating using a Zn–5Al alloy on the surface was also examined, as it influences the surface shape and smooths local areas, leading to an improvement in fatigue resistance compared with conventional galvanized surfaces. Overall, this study provides insight into the effects of HDG on the fatigue resistance of additively manufactured steel plates with galvanized surfaces.
Dilemma analysis and countermeasure research on Arctic marine spatial planning -- Based on the synergy theory perspective
Authors: Yang Zhenjiao , Zhao Xiaoyang , Zhang Han , Chen Boyang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe escalating conflict between human activities and ecological preservation has necessitated developing enhanced standards for the sustainable development of the Arctic maritime region, highlighting the critical need for marine spatial planning in this region. This study examines the challenges of Arctic marine spatial planning and its optimization strategies through the lens of synergy theory, focusing on three dimensions: a synergistic environment, synergistic subjects, and synergy content. The prevailing challenges of Arctic marine spatial planning include the current inadequacy of the synergistic environment, the prominence of contradictions among synergistic subjects, and the necessity for the enhancement of the synergistic content. In Arctic marine spatial planning, it is essential to enhance the support for synergistic environments, establish a network of synergistic entities, and raise the quality of synergistic material. It is proposed that China, as a significant Arctic stakeholder, should cultivate a novel cooperative relationship with both regional and non-regional countries to address the trust deficit; advance polar marine science and technology innovation to facilitate Arctic development; enhance its marine spatial planning to offer insights for the Arctic; and intensify its Arctic involvement through the Silk Road on Ice initiative.
Automatic Matching Algorithms to Identify Eligible Participants for Stroke Trials: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Charatpangoon Pattarawut , Singh Nishita , Buck Brian H. , Carpani Federico , Catanese Luciana , Coutts Shelagh B. , Field Thalia S. , Hunter Gary , Khosravani Houman , Perera Kanjana , Sajobi Tolulope T. , Shamy Michel , Shankar Jai Jai Shiva , Tkach Aleksander , Swartz Richard H. , Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Menon Bijoy K. , MacDonald M. Ethan , Ganesh Aravind 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Clinical trials often struggle to recruit enough participants, with only 10% of eligible patients enrolling. This is concerning for conditions like stroke, where timely decision-making is crucial. Frontline clinicians typically screen patients manually, but this approach can be overwhelming and lead to many eligible patients being overlooked.

Methods:
To address the problem of efficient and inclusive screening for trials, we developed a matching algorithm using imaging and clinical variables gathered as part of the AcT trial (NCT03889249) to automatically screen patients by matching these variables with the trials’ inclusion and exclusion criteria using rule-based logic. We then used the algorithm to identify patients who could have been enrolled in six trials: EASI-TOC (NCT04261478), CATIS-ICAD (NCT04142125), CONVINCE (NCT02898610), TEMPO-2 (NCT02398656), ESCAPE-MEVO (NCT05151172), and ENDOLOW (NCT04167527). To evaluate our algorithm, we compared our findings to the number of enrollments achieved without using a matching algorithm. The algorithm’s performance was validated by comparing results with ground truth from a manual review of two clinicians. The algorithm’s ability to reduce screening time was assessed by comparing it with the average time used by study clinicians.

Results:
The algorithm identified more potentially eligible study candidates than the number of participants enrolled. It also showed over 90% sensitivity and specificity for all trials, and reducing screening time by over 100-fold.

Conclusions:
Automated matching algorithms can help clinicians quickly identify eligible patients and reduce resources needed for enrolment. Additionally, the algorithm can be modified for use in other trials and diseases.
The effects of climate change on mental health and psychological well-being: Impacts and priority actions
Authors: Soomro Shazia , Zhou Dianen , Charan Iftikhar Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Climate anxiety has a negative impact on the mental health and psychological well-being of the vulnerable population. The goal is to assess many factors that affect mental health and psychological well-being, as well as how climate change affects mental health in Pakistan’s vulnerable population. This study provides evidence-based insights into the long- and medium-term impacts of extreme weather events on mental health. To obtain information on these variables, this research uses a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey design with a multivariate regression model for empirical tests on a sample of parents and children with an impact on mental health from climate change anxiety. Results indicate that individuals who experience shock climate change anxiety and its effects on mental health and psychological well-being. Climate change can have detrimental effects on children’s mental health. (1) Children’s Stress Index (CSI): (2) climate change anxiety (CCA), (3) generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and (4) major depression disorder (MDD), as reported by the children with mental health outcomes. The findings of this study show that climate change has a stressful effect on mental health. The article concludes with a discussion on strategies to address the anticipated mental health issues among children due to climate change.
The great convergence: post-Cold War transitions to hybrid regimes across waves and ebbs
Authors: Cassani Andrea 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ‘waves and ebbs’ model proposed by Huntington in his 1991's The Third Wave has profoundly shaped how scholars interpret global trends of democratization and autocratization, but has also received criticisms, especially concerning its ability to explain regime change in the three decades following the end of the Cold War. I contend that, rather than an alternation between democratization waves and authoritarian ebbs, the post-Cold War period could be more fruitfully described as a phase of ‘regime convergence’ characterized by a tendency of both democracies and autocracies to shift towards hybrid forms of political regime. By showing that between 1990 and 2023 transitions to hybrid regimes significantly exceeded transitions in other directions, I demonstrate the empirical relevance of hybridization as a process affecting both democracies and autocracies, and I encourage renewed attention to this phenomenon distinct from both democratization and autocratization.
Understanding groundwater droughts using detrended historical meteorological data and long-term groundwater modelling
Authors: Schutten Wout A. , Pezij Michiel , Hogeboom Rick J. , Jungermann U. Nicole , Augustijn Denie C.M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Groundwater is a vital resource for various water users in the Netherlands. However, due to a changing climate, increasing water demand and changes in the water system, the country is increasingly exposed to groundwater droughts. Water managers use various indicators and statistics to identify groundwater droughts. These indicators characterise the drought for example in terms of intensity, duration and probability of occurrence. Often, these indicators require information on long-term average groundwater conditions and extreme situations that can occur over long periods. However, the availability of long-term groundwater observations of more than ten years in length is limited. Particularly, extreme groundwater drought events are ill-described and subject to large uncertainty in their characterisation. This study explores a novel method for obtaining long-term phreatic groundwater levels by combining a data-driven time series model using transfer function-noise modelling with detrended historical meteorological time series representing the current climate. The method is applied to an area in the Netherlands to generate groundwater levels for the period 1910–2022. Our results reveal differences in the characterisation of groundwater droughts when the extended groundwater time series are compared with observations of a limited duration (eight years). Using the 2018 summer drought event as an example, we find that the probability of this groundwater drought occurring is approximately once every twelve years, based on the eight-year observation period. However, this probability reduces to a once every 24-year event when using historically generated groundwater time series to characterise the groundwater drought. We conclude that characterising droughts with the extended groundwater time series based on historical meteorological data can provide a more comprehensive insight into the intensity and frequency of groundwater droughts, as well as the probability of occurrence of current groundwater levels. Hence, the proposed method supports water managers in establishing return period-based criteria for measures, such as deciding when to implement irrigation bans.
Complementary geophysical methods for monitoring groundwater pressure and saturation
Authors: Fokker Eldert , Carpentier Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Monitoring groundwater levels and soil moisture content (SMC) is crucial for managing water resources and assessing risks, but can be challenging, especially over large acreages. Recent advances in geophysical methods provide new opportunities for accurate groundwater assessment. Seismic wave speed data, sensitive to changes in pore water pressure, can be used in a passive monitoring approach, while electrical conductivity data can be used for monitoring SMC. Combining seismic and electromagnetic induction (EMI)-based monitoring techniques enhances our understanding of groundwater dynamics. Seismic methods enable wide spatial coverage with moderate depth resolution, whereas EMI offers high-resolution, rapid data acquisition, particularly effective for shallow subsurface monitoring. Integrating these approaches can leverage the strengths of each, yielding comprehensive, high-resolution insights into dynamic subsurface hydrological processes. Integrating these approaches allows for improved groundwater monitoring, aiding in better understanding and managing droughts in regions like the Netherlands.
A snapshot in time: composition of native primary fauna of gall wasps in Spanish contact zones with chestnut trees infested by Dryocosmus kuriphilus
Authors: Gil-Tapetado Diego , Polidori Carlo , Gómez Jose F. , Nieves-Aldrey Jose Luis 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOne of the most prominent problems related to biological invasions is the variation of local species composition, which often leads to ex novo interspecific interactions. Here, we explored and analysed the native species composition of gall inducers and their associated parasitoids and inquilines in Spanish areas invaded by Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu 1951 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), an invasive pest of chestnut trees. After a quantitative description of these species' assemblages, we analysed through bipartite networks the level of the trophic specialisation of parasitoids and inquilines when considering either the host taxonomic identity, the host plant species or the host gall morphological type. We sampled galls of D. kuriphilus and native species of Cynipidae in different Spanish areas, including those where the exotic parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo 1982 (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) had been released for D. kuriphilus biological control. The results indicate that the native parasitoids recruited by D. kuriphilus come almost exclusively from native communities on Quercus galls, except for one species from Rosa. Galls of D. kuriphilus had the second most diverse species composition; despite this species assemblage arose ex novo in less than a decade. The bipartite networks resulted more specialised when considering host plant taxa than when gall types and the host taxa were accounted. In such trophic webs, there were few parasitoid/inquiline specialist and many generalist species, which agrees with the rapid recruitment by D. kuriphilus. Higher parasitoid species richness in D. kuriphilus galls is likely due to their being a largely unexploited available resource for the native natural enemies of cynipid wasps.
Effect of in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the antibacterial properties of bovine lactoferrin
Authors: Gunning Laura , O'Sullivan Michael , Boutonnet Claire , Pedrós-Garrido Selene , Jacquier Jean-Christophe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate the ability of an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) to generate peptides from bovine lactoferrin (LF) that possess antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli was examined as the target pathogen due to its prevalence in foods and the well-documented antibacterial effect of both LF and LF peptides against this organism. Results showed that in-vitro digested LF, specifically gastric LF digesta, exhibited significant antibacterial activity at low concentrations against E. coli compared to its undigested counterpart. Additionally, the highest antibacterial activity in the gastric digesta was associated with a relatively high molecular weight fraction of >30 kDa obtained within the first 30 min of the SGID. This demonstrates that the digestive process can result in the generation of antibacterial LF peptides and contribute to improving the antimicrobial properties of LF exhibited in its undigested state, making it a suitable dairy food additive to potentially provide protection against bacterial pathogens within the gastrointestinal system.
Effect of post-milking teat dipping on milk quality and udder health of crossbred cows
Authors: Tiwari Shiwani , Lathwal Surender Singh , Devi Indu , Tomar Divyanshu Singh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe aimed to determine the efficacy of different post-milking teat dips in the prevention of intramammary infection and teat condition scores in common crossbred cows (Holstein Frisian × Tharparkar) found in Indian sub-tropical conditions. Eighty healthy crossbred cows were selected and randomly divided into four groups: untreated control, 1% w/v iodine, 5% v/v lactic acid and finally essential oil mix (eucalyptus, lavender, peppermint, and tea tree oils). Samples were collected quarter-wise (n = 308). Sampling as well as teat scoring was done simultaneously. 1st sample was collected before starting teat dipping, followed by 15th day in milk (DIM), 45th DIM and 90th DIM, respectively. The study found that post-milking teat dipping significantly reduced the mean California mastitis test score, somatic cell count and electrical conductivity of the milk in the treatment groups compared to the control group, and also improved milk yield in the treatment groups. There were no differences between the individual treatments. The study also found a significant reduction in teat end condition and teat skin condition after 90 d of post-milking teat dipping.
Formulation and characterization of novel dairy-based dip utilizing heat-acid-coagulated milk gel and whey
Authors: Manik Subhadip , Debnath Anindita , Hossain Shamim , Roy Kuntal , Debnath Partha Pratim , Haldar Lopamudra , Ray Pinaki Ranjan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn attempt was made to develop a novel dairy-based dip-like product from heat-acid-induced milk gel and whey. Based upon preliminary trials, the combination of cream (15–35%), whey (60–70%) and common salt (0.8–1.0%, all three as weight of heat-acid-induced milk gel) was selected for optimization of the dairy dip through factorial design of response surface methodology (RSM). Addition of glycerol monostearate, trisodium citrate and sodium hexametaphosphate each at the rate of 0.3% (as weight of heat-acid-induced milk gel) in the formulation was previously standardized. The optimization was carried out by analysing the textural and sensorial parameters of the dairy-based dip. The sensorial parameters (flavour, body and texture, colour and appearance and overall acceptability) and textural parameters (firmness, stickiness, work of shear and work of adhesion) were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the ingredient formulation. RSM analysis suggested the use of cream, whey and common salt at amounts of 27.92, 60.26 and 0.8% of the weight of heat-acid-induced milk gel for preparing dairy-based dip with a desirability of 0.84. The formulated product contained a lower fat but higher protein and lactose content than cheese dip.
Selecting a dietary assessment method for a national nutrition survey: a review and evaluation of online 24-h dietary recall tools
Authors: Follong Berit , Mackay Sally , Ni Mhurchu Cliona 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Online 24-h dietary recall tools are commonly used in nationwide nutrition surveys to assess population diets. With a steep rise in the development of new and more advanced 24-h dietary recall tools, the decision of which tool to use for a national nutrition survey becomes increasingly challenging. Therefore, this short communication outlines the process of selecting a 24-h dietary recall tool for a national nutrition survey in New Zealand.

Design:
To identify suitable 24-h dietary recall tools, a review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted (2019–2022). Data on functionalities, validation, usability and adaptability were extracted for eighteen pre-specified tools, which were used in the subsequent evaluation process.

Results:
Six of the eighteen tools had new relevant publications since 2019. The fourteen new publications described six validation studies and eight usability studies. Based on pre-selection criteria (e.g. availability, adaptability, previous use in national surveys), three tools were shortlisted: ASA24, Intake24 and MyFood24. These tools were further evaluated, and expert advice was sought to determine the most suitable tool for use in the New Zealand context.

Conclusions:
A comprehensive yet time- and cost-efficient approach was undertaken to identify the potential use of online 24-h dietary recall tools for a national nutrition survey. The selection process included key evaluation criteria to determine the tools’ suitability for adaptation within the New Zealand context and ultimately to select a preferred tool. A similar approach may be useful for other countries when having to select 24-h dietary recall tools for use in national nutrition surveys.