bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Heat and Reversion Resistance Compounding
Authors: Datta R. N. 
Published: September 2018

When sulfur vulcanized natural rubber compounds are exposed to a thermal ageing environment significant change in physical properties and performance characteristics are observed. These changes are directly related to modifications of the original crosslink structure. Decomposition reactions tend to predominate and thus leading to reduction in crosslink density and physical properties as observed during extended cure and when using higher curing temperatures. The decrease in network density is common when vulcanizates are subject to an anaerobic ageing process. However, in the presence of oxygen, the network density is increased with the main chain modifications playing a vital role. Over the years the rubber industry has developed several compounding approaches to address the changes in crosslink structure during thermal ageing. This paper gives a review of these compounding approaches. As with many formulation changes in rubber compounding, there is a compromise that must be made when attempting to improve one performance characteristic. For example, improving the thermal stability of vulcanized natural rubber compounds by reducing the sulfur content of the crosslink through the use of the more efficient vulcanization systems will reduce dynamic performance property such as fatigue resistance. The challenge is to define a way to improve thermal stability while maintaining dynamic performance characteristics.
Characterization of Polyurethanes Containing Different Chain Extenders
Authors: Orgilés-Calpena Elena , Arán-Aís Francisca , Torró-Palau Ana M. , Orgilés-Barceló César 
Published: September 2018

Several waterborne polyurethane adhesives containing different chain extenders were prepared by using the acetone process. Concretely, the polyurethane dispersions were synthesized by the prepolymer method based on three chain extenders: two diols and one diamine: 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and hydrazine. The adhesive solutions were characterized by flow rheology, pH measurements, particle size and solids content. The solid adhesive films were characterized by plate-plate rheology, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The adhesion properties were measured from T-peel test of leather/polyurethane adhesive/SBR rubber joints. As a result, the chosen chain extender influences significantly the polyurethane synthesized properties, specially determines the crystallinity of the polymer, as well as thermal and adhesive properties. Particularly, the molecular weight of the chain extender determines the structure of the synthesized polyurethanes.
Treatment of Injuries to the Subaxial Cervical Spine: Recommendations of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma (DGOU)
Authors: Schleicher Philipp , Kobbe Philipp , Kandziora Frank , Scholz Matti , Badke Andreas , Brakopp Florian , Ekkerlein Helmut , Gercek Erol , Hartensuer Rene , Hartung Philipp , Jarvers Jan-Sven , Matschke Stefan , Morrison Robert , Müller Christian W , Pishnamaz Miguel , Reinhold Maximilian , Schmeiser Gregor , Schnake Klaus John , Stein Gregor , Ullrich Bernhard , Weiss Thomas , Zimmermann Volker 
Published: September 2018

Study Design: Expert consensus. Objectives: To establish treatment recommendations for subaxial cervical spine injuries based on current literature and the knowledge of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma. Methods: This recommendation summarizes the knowledge of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma. Results: Therapeutic goals are a stable, painless cervical spine and protection against secondary neurologic damage while retaining maximum possible motion and spinal profile. The AOSpine classification for subaxial cervical injuries is recommended. The Canadian C-Spine Rule is recommended to decide on the need for imaging. Computed tomography is the favoured modality. Conventional x-ray is preserved for cases lacking a “dangerous mechanism of injury.” Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in case of unexplained neurologic deficit, prior to closed reduction and to exclude disco-ligamentous injuries. Computed tomography angiography is recommended in high-grade facet joint injuries or in the presence of vertebra-basilar symptoms. A0-, A1- and A2-injuries are treated conservatively, but have to be monitored for progressive kyphosis. A3 injuries are operated in the majority of cases. A4- and B- and C-type injuries are treated surgically. Most injuries can be treated with anterior plate stabilization and interbody support; A4 fractures need vertebral body replacement. In certain cases, additive or pure posterior instrumentation is needed. Usually, lateral mass screws suffice. A navigation system is advised for pedicle screws from C3 to C6. Conclusions: These recommendations provide a framework for the treatment of subaxial cervical spine Injuries. They give advice about diagnostic measures and the therapeutic strategy.
The effect of tourniquet type and thigh conicity on the length of hamstring autograft
Authors: Çatma Mehmet Faruk , Öztürk Alper 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: We studied the effect of using wide contoured pneumatic tourniquet (PT) versus ultra-narrow sterile exsanguination tourniquet (SET) on the length of hamstring autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in patients with tubular and conical thighs. Methods: Fifty-eight patients undergoing ACL reconstruction between 2012 and 2013 were assigned to either SET or PT groups. We measured the tendon graft length and width as well as the patients’ height, weight, and thigh circumference of 10 cm proximal to the patella and the distance from the anterior–superior iliac spine to the medial malleolus (ASIS-MM). We defined the ratio between the ASIS-MM and the thigh circumference as the conicity index (CI). All grafts were measured after folding into half, and the found value was recorded as functional graft length (FGL). Tendon graft dimensions were correlated with the individual anthropometric data and with CI in each of the groups. Results: PT was used in 34 patients and SET on 24 patients. FGL was 12.7 ± 0.84 mean + standard deviation for the SET group versus 11.5 ± 1.61 for the PT group ( p = 0.0011) with a strong positive correlation between FGL and CI for the PT group ( R2 = 0.625; p = 2.6 × 10−8) but nonsignificant correlation for the SET ( R2 = 0.222). Graft thickness was correlated with the patient age ( R2 = 0.450) but not with CI or type of tourniquet used. We found the CI to be a better measure of thigh conicity than thigh circumference, length, height, weight, or body mass index individually. Conclusion: We conclude that using the SET which occupies less space on the thigh yielded significantly longer hamstring autologous ACL graft compared to the PT and the FGL became essentially independent from the CI when the SET was used.
Human Papillomavirus Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement of the College of American Pathologists Guideline
Authors: Fakhry Carole , Lacchetti Christina , Rooper Lisa M. , Jordan Richard C. , Rischin Danny , Sturgis Erich M. , Bell Diana , Lingen Mark W. , Harichand-Herdt Seema , Thibo John , Zevallos Jose , Perez-Ordonez Bayardo 
Published: September 2018

Purpose The College of American Pathologists produced an evidence-based guideline on testing, application, interpretation, and reporting of human papillomavirus (HPV) and surrogate marker tests in head and neck carcinomas that was determined to be relevant to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) membership. Methods The College of American Pathologists HPV Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas guideline was reviewed by ASCO content experts for clinical accuracy and by methodologists for developmental rigor. On favorable review, an ASCO Expert Panel was convened to review the guideline contents and recommendations. Results The ASCO Expert Panel determined that the recommendations from the HPV Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas guideline, published in 2018, are clear, thorough, and based upon the most relevant scientific evidence. ASCO endorsed the guideline and added minor qualifying statements. Recommendations It is recommended that HPV tumor status should be determined for newly diagnosed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. HPV tumor status testing may be performed by surrogate marker p16 immunohistochemistry either on the primary tumor or from cervical nodal metastases only if an oropharyngeal primary tumor is present. The threshold for positivity is at least 70% nuclear and cytoplasmic expression with at least moderate to strong intensity. Additional confirmatory testing may be done at the discretion of the pathologist and/or treating clinician. Pathologists should not routinely determine HPV tumor status in nonsquamous carcinomas of the oropharynx or non–oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. When there is uncertainty of histologic type or whether a poorly differentiated oropharyngeal tumor is nonsquamous, HPV tumor status testing may be warranted and at the discretion of the pathologist and/or treating clinician. Additional information is available at: www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .
A multimodal intervention to enhance sexual function and quality of life (QOL) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) survivors.
Authors: Fishman Sarah , Vanderklish Julie , Dizon Don S. , Traeger Lara , Park Elyse R. , Chen Yi-Bin Albert , McAfee Steven L. , Spitzer Thomas R. , DeFilipp Zachariah Michael , Temel Jennifer , El-Jawahri Areej 
Published: September 2018

10013 Background: Although sexual dysfunction is a common long-term complication in allogeneic HCT survivors, interventions to address sexual dysfunction are lacking. Methods: We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a multimodal sexual dysfunction intervention to improve sexual function in allogeneic HCT survivors. Transplant clinicians systematically screened all HCT survivors ≥ 3 months post-HCT for sexual dysfunction causing distress using the NCCN Survivorship Guidelines. Those who screened positive attended monthly intervention visits with trained study clinicians that focused on 1) assessing sexual dysfunction; 2) educating and empowering patients to address this topic; and 3) implementing therapeutic interventions. We used the PROMIS Sexual Function and Satisfaction Measure, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess sexual function, QOL, and mood at baseline and six months post-intervention, respectively. Results: 32.7% (49/150) of patients screened positive for sexual dysfunction causing distress. 95.9% (47/49) of patients who screened positive agreed to participate. We demonstrated significant improvement in patients’ satisfaction and interest in sex as well as sexual function including orgasm, erectile function, lubrication, and vaginal discomfort [Table]. Six of ten patients who were not sexually active prior to the intervention became sexually active post-intervention (P = 0.031). Patients reported improvement in their QOL and a trend toward lower depression [Table]. Conclusions: The multimodal intervention to address sexual dysfunction appears feasible with encouraging preliminary efficacy for improving sexual function, QOL, and mood in allogeneic HCT survivors. Clinical trial information: NCT02492100. [Table: see text]
New primary lung cancers after a head and neck cancer: The impact of radiation therapy and latency period on risk.
Authors: Jeurkar Chetan , Pompa Tiffany , Bauman Jessica Ruth , Jain Maneesh Rajiv , Ward Kristine Marie , Styler Michael 
Published: September 2018

10015 Background: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have an increased risk of developing a new primary lung cancer (NPLC). Our objective was to assess the critical latency period after HNC when the risk for a NPLC was highest and to see if radiation therapy (XRT) had an impact on this risk. Methods: This was a population based study of patients with HNC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The risk of NPLC was calculated using standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and from this, the number needed to screen (NNS) was extrapolated. The cohort was separated by delivery of XRT and latency period of the NPLC. Results: There were a total of 4,209 NPLC from the cohort of 85,154 HNC patients. The SIR, NNS, observed/expected number of NPLC for both the no XRT and XRT groups are shown in table 1. As compared to the no XRT group, the XRT group had higher SIR and lower NNS values across all latency periods. The highest SIR for both the no XRT and XRT groups came between 1 and 3 years. Conclusions: In patients with HNC, the risk of developing a NPLC is associated with receiving XRT. This risk is highest within 10 years of the initial HNC diagnosis. The NNS was especially low for the XRT group, less than 100 for most latency periods. Since low dose computed tomography scans for lung cancer screening in smokers has a NNS of 217, screening for these patients should be considered, especially within 10 years of the primary HNC diagnosis. This may contribute to better survivorship care in these patients. [Table: see text]
Effect of exercise on quality of life (QoL) in 198 older patients with cancer: A URCC NCORP nationwide RCT.
Authors: Loh Kah Poh , Mohile Supriya Gupta , Cole Calvin , Fung Chunkit , Dunne Richard Francis , Lin Po-Ju , Cho Jonathan K. , Conlin Alison Katherine , Kuebler J. Phillip , Mustian Karen Michelle 
Published: September 2018

10019 Background: Cancer and its treatment frequently impact QoL in patients. In older cancer patients, a small decrement in QoL is associated with significant functional impairment, disability, treatment discontinuation and decreased survival. Little is known about the role of exercise in improving QoL in older cancer patients undergoing active chemotherapy and the mechanistic association between inflammation and QoL. We conducted a secondary analysis of a nationwide phase III RCT to assess the effect of exercise on QoL in older cancer patients. Methods: We included 198 older cancer patients (aged ≥60 years) who were randomized to receive chemotherapy alone (C) or with EXCAP (Exercise for Cancer Patients). EXCAP is a home–based progressive aerobic and resistance training program. We used ANCOVA to evaluate the effect of EXCAP on QoL (measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General, FACT-G, and -Cognitive Function, FACT-Cog). Baseline values, gender and chemotherapy duration were adjusted. We assessed associations between changes in QoL and changes in inflammatory cytokines. Results: Median age was 66.7 ± 2.3 years, 92% were female and 77% had breast cancer. In terms of chemotherapy, 3-week and 2-week regimens were used for 72% and 28%, respectively. EXCAP group had better social (p=0.02), emotional (p=0.04) and physical (p=0.03) well-being post-intervention than the C group. There was also a positive trend for improvement in functional, cognitive and overall well-being (Table 1). In the EXCAP group, improved social well-being was associated with decreases in the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-8 (r=0.30, p=0.03). Conclusions: Our analysis showed that exercise improves QoL in older cancer patients receiving active chemotherapy. Improvement in social well-being may be mediated by reducing inflammation. Physicians should consider incorporating exercise when prescribing chemotherapy for older adults with cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT00924651. [Table: see text]
Phase III, randomized study of first-line trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) ± pertuzumab (P) vs. trastuzumab + taxane (HT) treatment of HER2-positive MBC: Final overall survival (OS) and safety from MARIANNE.
Authors: Perez Edith A. , Barrios Carlos H. , Eiermann Wolfgang , Toi Masakazu , Im Young-Hyuck , Conte Pier Franco , Martin Miguel , Pienkowski Tadeusz , Pivot Xavier B. , Burris Howard A. , Hoersch Silke , Patre Monika , Ellis Paul Anthony 
Published: September 2018

1003 Background: In MARIANNE (NCT01120184), patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer were randomized to trastuzumab + docetaxel or paclitaxel (HT; n=365), T-DM1 + placebo (T-DM1; n=367), or T-DM1 + P (T-DM1 + P; n=363) as first-line therapy. In the primary analysis, T-DM1–based treatment exhibited noninferior, but not superior, progression-free survival relative to HT (Perez EA, et al. J Clin Oncol 2016). OS was similar between treatments in the first interim analysis. Here we report OS from the final descriptive analysis. Methods: Enrolled patients had centrally assessed HER2-positive (IHC3+ or ISH+) progressive/recurrent locally advanced breast cancer or previously untreated MBC with a ≥6-month interval since (neo)adjuvant treatment with taxanes or vinca alkaloids. Results: At the clinical cutoff date of May 15, 2016, median follow-up was 54 months and 512 patients had died. Median OS was 50.9, 53.7, and 51.8 months with HT, T-DM1, and T-DM1 + P, respectively (Table). A sensitivity analysis in which HT-treated patients who received T-DM1 and/or P after disease progression (n=85) were censored prior to treatment switch found similar results. There were numerically fewer grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) with T-DM1. Conclusions: With this longer follow-up, the T-DM1 safety profile was consistent with the primary analysis and prior experience. While OS was similar across treatment arms, a median OS of 53.7 months and fewer grade ≥3 AEs (vs other arms) supports T-DM1 as an effective and tolerable alternative first-line treatment for HER2-positive MBC patients. Clinical trial information: NCT01120184. [Table: see text]
Utility of the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Authors: Mumby Patricia B. , Doyle Todd , Adams William , Hicks Elliott B. , Thilges Sarah , Mai Hanh P. , Smith Scott E. , Rodriguez Tulio , Go Aileen , Marinier David , Stiff Patrick J. 
Published: September 2018

10046 Background: The SIPAT is used to assess psychosocial risk in solid organ transplants but data in HSCT is lacking. We examined if pre-HSCT SIPAT scores predict mortality, morbidity, length of stay (LOS) and number of hospitalizations over a 1 year period. Methods: 89 adult HSCT (59% autologous, 38% allogeneic) pts from an academic medical center underwent the SIPAT pre-HSCT. Additional data were obtained on Day 0, and 3-, 6-, and 12-months. Univariable Cox proportional hazards models assessed the instantaneous risk of mortality at any given time after Day 0 as a function of baseline pt characteristics and the SIPAT score. Results: TheSIPAT categorized 28%, 66% and 5.7% respectively of the pts as excellent (E), good (G), and high risk (HR) candidates. One year post HSCT, 76% of E, 72% of G, and 40% of HR candidates were alive. Higher SIPAT scores were a significant predictor of mortality. Compared to E candidates, the HR candidates were 5.94 (95% CI: 1.31-26.81) times more likely to die any time after Day 0 – even after controlling for pts’ comorbidity index ( p = .02). Similarly, compared to G candidates, HR pts were 4.81 (95% CI: 1.33-17.47) times more likely to die even after controlling for pts’ comorbidity index ( p = .01). There was no difference between the G and E candidates on univariable ( p = .75) or multivariable analysis controlling for comorbidity index score ( p = .72). For every 1 point increase in pts’ adherence score, the risk of death was expected to decline by approximately 14% ( HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78 – 0.96; p = .01). SIPAT items that predicted mortality were depression ( p = .02), deceptive behavior ( p < .001) and moderate alcohol abuse ( p < .001). In linear regression analysis, higher SIPAT score was associated with longer LOS ( p = .04) but not infection ( p = .23), GVHD ( p = .40), or number of hospitalizations ( p = .73). Because there were only 18 mortality events, multivariable analyses were limited. Future research will examine the effect of SIPAT on time to death controlling for other pt comorbidities. Conclusions: We found the SIPAT was able to predict mortality and LOS in HSCT pts. This finding if validated in a multi-center manner could be an important tool for HSCT pt selection.
Fear of recurrence among cancer survivors.
Authors: Jimenez Rachel B , Perez Giselle Katiria , Rabin Julia , Hall Daniel , Quain Katharine , Park Elyse , Peppercorn Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2018

10053 Background: Fear of cancer recurrence (FoCR) following definitive cancer therapy is often reported by patients, but little is known about who is most likely to be impacted, how FoCR influences emotional distress, and what interventions may mitigate patients’ FoCR. We sought to determine the prevalence of FoCR among cancer survivors and to evaluate potential predictors of FoCR in this population. Methods: As part of a comprehensive supportive care needs assessment, we evaluated the prevalence of FoCR among patients receiving follow-up cancer care at our institution as well as factors associated with FoCR. Elevated FoCR was measured with a single item: “I worry about my cancer coming back” rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = “not at all” to 4 = ”very much”); responses of 3 or 4 were considered positive for FoCR. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize patterns of FoCR. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests compared differences in emotional, clinical, and demographic characteristics between participants with and without FoCR, as well as interest in and knowledge of survivorship services. Results: Of 636 patients who completed the survey, 318/636 (50.0%) patients had curable cancer and had either completed cancer therapy or were completing maintenance treatment. On inquiry, 167/318 (53%) reported FoCR. Those with FoCR were more likely to be female (p < 0.002) and under the age of 70 (p < 0.003). They were also more likely to be sad (25% vs. 14%, p < 0.015), anxious (40% vs. 21% p < 0.0005), feel uncertain about the future (30% vs. 14%, p < 0.0005), have problems managing stress (26% vs. 13%, p < 0.003), and were more likely to worry about dying (55% vs. 8%, p < 0.0001) and to fear another cancer (74% vs. 8% p < 0.0001). Education level, cancer type, knowledge of and interest in support services, and survivorship care plan receipt were not associated with FoCR. Conclusions: Patient FoCR is prevalent among more than half of survivors of cancer and is associated with emotional distress that is insufficiently addressed by survivor care planning and supportive services. Clinicians can and should screen for and address this issue. Future research is needed to develop and test interventions, beyond care plans, to address FoCR in both low risk and high risk patient populations.