bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of lung surface abnormalities in a healthy population as detected by a screening lung ultrasound protocol: Comparison between young and older volunteers
Authors: Zoneff Elissa Raya , Baker Kylie , Sweeny Amy , Keijzers Gerben , Sanderson Jenni , Watkins Stuart 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOutlineLung ultrasound can detect B‐lines in both disease states and normal patients. B‐lines are sensitive indicators for interstitial oedema, but research is limited in terms of what is a ‘normal’ amount in healthy adults. Current belief is that 3 B‐lines in laterobasal areas can be normal. We aimed to determine what is normal in healthy patients of different ages. We hypothesised that older patients and patients with the previous history of lung disease or smoking would have more B‐lines.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study on a convenience sample of 200 volunteers: 100 aged 18–49 (median age 33.5) and 100 aged 50–91 (median age 70.5). Volunteers were recruited in 2017 from two participating sites. All participants were scanned by a single researcher using a standardised lung protocol. Multivariate regression was conducted to determine independent predictors of B‐line presence.ResultsB‐lines were found in 12.5% (95%CI: 8.4–17.6) of all volunteers (n = 25/200), with 20% (95%CI: 13.3–28.9) prevalence in the younger group and 5% (95%CI: 1.9–10.7) in the older group (P < 0.0001). A total of 84% (95%CI: 65.3–93.6) had only 1 B‐line (n = 21/25). 31.3% (95%CI: 20.0–45.6) of young females had B‐lines. Only one volunteer had ≥3 B‐lines in one scanned area. Participants with chronic lung disease had more B‐lines (P = 0.03). Smokers (n = 13) also had more B‐lines (31% vs. 11% of non‐smokers). Smoking and younger age were independent predictors of B‐line presence multivariate logistic regression models, but only for females.Conclusion≥2 B‐lines are uncommon in healthy, ambulatory adults. Further research is needed to investigate the higher prevalence found in young females.
Investigating the correlation between mucus cytokine levels, inflammatory cell counts, and baseline quality‐of‐life measures in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Chowdhury Naweed I. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Li Ping , Ely Kim , Turner Justin H. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundIt is hypothesized that uncontrolled inflammation is responsible for many of the manifestations and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Although earlier work has demonstrated an association between olfactory loss and mucus cytokines, the impact on other symptoms is unknown. In this study we investigated the relationship between cytokines, inflammatory cell counts, and patient‐reported outcomes measures to better understand how the inflammatory microenvironment correlates with CRS symptomatology.MethodsThe 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) and 8‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐8) were administered to 76 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS. Mucus was collected intraoperatively from the middle meatus and tested for 17 cytokines using a multiplex flow cytometric bead assay. Eosinophil/neutrophil counts were obtained from histopathologic slide review. Spearman correlations between cytokines, cell counts, and quality‐of‐life subdomain scores were assessed without multiple comparisons correction due to the small sample size.ResultsInterleukin‐4 (IL‐4) correlated significantly with the Rhinologic domain (Rs = 0.25, p = 0.03), whereas eosinophil and neutrophil counts were inversely correlated with the Extranasal Rhinologic domain (Rs = −0.32, p = 0.01; and Rs = −0.27, p = 0.03). Subgroup analysis for nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) showed significant correlations between IL‐6 and Total SF‐8 (Rs = 0.35, p = 0.02), General Health (Rs = 0.34, p = 0.03), and Emotional (Rs = 0.47, p = 0.002) scores. In patients without polyps (CRSsNP), IL‐21 correlated positively with Extranasal Rhinologic Symptoms domain (Rs = 0.41, p = 0.01).ConclusionThis pilot study identifies possible pairwise correlations between mucus cytokine levels and baseline quality‐of‐life measures that need confirmation in larger, targeted studies. Due to the exploratory methodology, positive results may be spurious and should only be used as a starting point for future confirmatory work.
The neurobiological presentation of anxiety in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
Authors: McVey Alana J. 
Published: January 2019

Anxiety is common among people with autism and is associated with unique and additive challenges. Anxiety is thought to have neurobiological components, and measures of arousal in typical development have long been studied. Recently, neurobiological measures of anxiety in autism have begun to receive empirical evaluation, but results have not yet been examined together. This systematic review, therefore, summarizes the state of the research of the neurobiology of anxiety in autism. Studies published between 1999 and June 2017 were reviewed. Results across measures of arousal point to inconsistencies in results and a lack of synthesis in the literature. Considerations regarding these inconsistencies are discussed, recommendations for future studies are offered, and clinical implications for this work are presented.Autism Res2019, 12: 346–369 © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryAnxiety is common among people with autism. Because anxiety has been linked with a variety of differences in physiological (bodily) and neurophysiological (brain) functioning in people without autism, research has begun to examine these processes in autism as well. This literature, however, has not yet been examined as a whole. Therefore, this paper begins to address that gap to provide the field with a better understanding of how anxiety affects people with autism and discusses implications for future research and clinical practice.
A new benzimidazole‐based selective and sensitive ‘on–off’ fluorescence chemosensor for Cu2+ ions and application in cellular bioimaging
Authors: He Yi , Bing Qijing , Wei Yingjuan , Zhang Heyang , Wang Guang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo new twinborn benzimidazole derivates (L and A), which bonded pyridine via the ester space on the opposite and adjacent positions of the benzene ring of benzimidazole respectively, were designed and synthesized. Compound L displayed fluorescence quenching response only towards copper(II) ions (Cu2+) in acetonitrile solution with high selectivity and sensitivity. However, compound A presented ‘on–off’ fluorescence response towards a wide range of metal ions to different degrees and did not have selectivity. Furthermore, compound L formed a 1:1 complex with Cu2+ and the binding constant between sensor L and Cu2+ was high at 6.02 × 104 M−1. Job's plot, mass spectra, IR spectra, 1H‐NMR titration and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated the formation of a 1:1 complex between L and Cu2+. Chemosensor L displayed a low limit of detection (3.05 × 10−6 M) and fast response time (15 s) to Cu2+. The Stern–Volmer analysis illustrated that the fluorescence quenching agreed with the static quenching mode. In addition, the obvious difference of L within HepG2 cells in the presence and absence of Cu2+ indicated L had the recognition capability for Cu2+ in living cells.
Biological Investigations and Spectroscopic Studies of New Moxifloxacin/Glycine‐Metal Complexes.
Authors: Elshafie Hazem S. , Sakr Shimaa H. , Sadeek Sadeek A. , Camele Ippolito 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo novel ligand−metal complexes were prepared through the reaction of Zn(II) and Sn(II) with moxifloxacin (MOX) in the presence of glycine (Gly) to investigate their biological activities. IR, UV/VIS and 1H‐NMR analysis have been carried out for insuring the chelation process. Results suggested that MOX and Gly react with the metal ions through the carbonyl oxygen atom and the oxygen atom of the carboxylic group of MOX and Gly. The antimicrobial activity was carried out against some common bacterial and fungal pathogens and the radical scavenging activity (RSA%) was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS methods. Phytotoxic effect of the prepared complexes was evaluated in vitro against Raphanus raphanistrum and Lepidium sativum. Hemolytic activity was tested against cell membrane of erythrocytes. Results showed that the two prepared complexes exhibited high antimicrobial activity against all tested phytopathogens and no significant phytotoxic effect has been observed. Only MOX−Zn(II) complex showed moderate hemolysis at 100 % concentration.
PKD1 mutation may epistatically ameliorate nephronophthisis progression in patients with NPHP1 deletion
Authors: Watanabe Saki , Ino Jun , Fujimaru Takuya , Taneda Sekiko , Akihisa Taro , Makabe Shiho , Kataoka Hiroshi , Mori Takayasu , Sohara Eisei , Uchida Shinichi , Nitta Kosaku , Mochizuki Toshio 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe report a patient with adult‐onset nephronophthisis (NPHP) that was identified a homozygous full gene deletion of NPHP1 and a heterozygous PKD1 mutation. We suggest that the PKD1 mutation may have epistatically ameliorated NPHP disease progression and that the screening of larger cohorts for similar possible epistatic effects is needed.
Poorly differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with osteoclast‐like giant cell: A rare, aggressive variant
Authors: Venning Victoria L. , Myint Esther , Pyne John , Clark Simon 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageSquamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) with Osteoclast‐like giant cell (OLGC) is a rare SCC variant; only 10 cases have been reported. Our case suggests OLGC are resultant of a reactive process, driven by the fusion of adjacent macrophages. Knowledge regarding SCC with OLGC is of great importance as this entity has greater prometastatic potential compared to conventional SCC.
Complete primary pachydermoperiostosis: A case report from Jordan and review of literature
Authors: Salah Bareqa I. , Husari Khalil I. , Hassouneh Ala’ , Al‐Ali Zaid , Rawashdeh Baeth 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageComplete Primary Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare syndrome that presents with skin and skeletal manifestations. Though diagnosis can be made on the basis of the classic clinical and radiological features, it is often missed due to variable presentations. Therefore, it is important to know about this syndrome to reach correct diagnosis.
The Effect of Surface Wettability and Coalescence Dynamics in Catalytic Performance and Catalyst Preparation: A Review
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Junjun , Wang Fenglong , Zhang Lishu , Jiang Yanyan , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Li Hui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe interactions between the reactants and catalysts surfaces play a significant role in heterogeneous catalysis, thus to tune the interfacial properties between them has emerged as an important topic. This review has summarised some recent advances about the effects of wettability on the catalytic reactions, including hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, and dewetting properties. In addition, the effect of coalescence dynamics among the catalyst particles is also discussed based on a series of investigations. Although the researchers have realised the importance of wettability, the ability to tune the wettability in their work needs to be further enhanced. Therefore, we finally highlighted considerable useful approaches to achieve controllable wettability and coalescence. It is expected that in the future design of catalysts, researchers should pay more attention to tuning the interfacial structure to achieve the enhanced catalysts behaviours.
Promoting Role of Iron Series Elements Modification on Palladium/Nitrogen Doped Carbon for the Semihydrogenation of Phenylacetylene
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Wei , Long Yu , Qin Jiaheng , Wang Fushan , Ma Jiantai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this work, an effective and versatile modification approach of palladium (Pd)/nitrogen doped carbon by iron series element for the semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene is presented. Pd and iron series element M (M=Fe, Co or Ni) particles were co‐reduced and supported on nitrogen‐doped activated carbon (Pd−M/NC). Experimental results showed that the Pd−M/NC exhibited relatively good catalytic performance when the Pd/M content mass ratio was approximately 1 : 1. The selectivity of styrene could be maintained at relatively good levels even with the prolongation of reaction time. The good catalytic effect of the Pd−M/NC may be attributed to the incorporation of iron series element species. The catalysts had been characterized in detail and contrastive study was made to validate the modification effect. The catalyst could maintain its catalytic activity and selectivity in the recycle process. This work may show industrial application potentiality and developing directions in selective hydrogenation process.
High‐Pressure High‐Temperature Transparent Fixed‐Bed Reactor for Operando Gas‐Liquid Reaction Follow‐up
Authors: De Sousa Duarte Marisa , Rolland Matthieu , Sagnard Corinne , Suire Didier , Flacher Frederic , Delpoux Olivier , Lienemann Charles P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA 3‐MPa, 350 °C fixed‐bed reactor was designed to follow‐up gas‐liquid‐solid reactions on a millimetric size heterogeneous catalyst with Raman spectroscopy. The transparent reactor is a quartz cylinder enclosed in a Joule effect heated stainless‐steel tube. A methodology to determine how to focus the microscope for liquid and solid phase characterization is presented. The setup was validated by performing diesel hydrodesulfurization on a CoMo/alumina extrudate catalyst with a conversion very close to expected values along with the acquisition of Raman spectra of the solid catalyst showing an evolution of the catalyst phase during sulfidation.
Production and Isolation of n‐Butyl Acrylate Using Pervaporation‐Aided Esterification Reaction: Kinetics and Optimization
Authors: Jyoti Ghoshna , Bhoi Stutee , Sahu Dileshwar Kumar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSynthesis of n‐butyl acrylate by esterification of acrylic acid with n‐butyl alcohol was carried out in a batch membrane reactor. Optimization and design of the experiment was accomplished by response surface methodology with Box‐Behnken experimental design. The effects of different parameters like reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, molar ratio of alcohol to acid, and ratio of membrane surface to initial volume on water flux and conversion of acrylic acid were evaluated. A kinetic model for the esterification‐coupled pervaporation process was developed. Kinetic parameters were estimated by a nonlinear optimization technique in the MATLAB optimization toolbox. The experimental and simulation results were applied for developing a concept to effectively conduct a pilot‐scale esterification‐pervaporation experiment.
MOF‐Derived Ni‐Doped CoS2 Grown on Carbon Fiber Paper for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Xie Zhiqiang , Tang Hui , Wang Ying 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe efficiency of water splitting for clean production of hydrogen energy is largely limited by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Thus, it is of great significance but still remains challenging to develop stable, efficient, and economical catalysts that could provide a high current density at a low overpotential. In this work, we report an economical synthesis of metal organic framework (MOF) derived Ni‐doped CoS2, grown on carbon fiber paper (Ni‐doped CoS2/CFP), as a new OER catalyst with high catalytic activity and durability. The binder‐free Ni‐doped CoS2/CFP electrode exhibits a very low overpotential of 270 mV (versus RHE) at 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 79 mV dec−1, and high durability during 3000 cyclic voltammetry sweeps. Such a remarkable OER performance exceeds that of most of noble‐metal‐free materials and even commercial IrO2. The significantly improved OER performance is largely ascribed to the synergic effects of Ni doping and the conductive CFP catalyst support, leading to an enhanced electron and mass transfer during the OER process. We believe that the as‐prepared Ni‐doped CoS2/CFP material holds great promise as an economical OER electrocatalyst for energy‐related applications.
Improvement of the Cationic Transport in Polymer Electrolytes with (Difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Salts
Authors: Oteo Uxue , Martinez‐Ibañez Maria , Aldalur Itziar , Sanchez‐Diez Eduardo , Carrasco Javier , Armand Michel , Zhang Heng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with high cationic conductivity are highly desired for enhancing the power performance of all‐solid‐state alkali metal batteries (ASSAMBs). In this work, a new sulfonimide anion, (difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (DFTFSI−), is proposed as a possible alternative to the most widely used bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI−) for attaining higher cationically conductive SPEs. Our results show that DFTFSI‐based alkali metal salts maintain the merits of TFSI‐based ones (e. g. good chemical and thermal stability as well as structural flexibility). The hydrogen‐bond interaction between DFTFSI− and poly(ethylene oxide) effectively enhances the cationic conductivity of DFTFSI‐based SPEs at a low expense of total ionic conductivity. In addition to the promising application of DFTFSI‐based SPEs in ASSAMBs, this work also reveals that customizing the chemical structure of anions with the consideration of the properties of polymer matrices is of utmost importance for accessing robust SPEs in the future.
Ataluren Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Japanese and Caucasian Subjects
Authors: Kong Ronald , Laskin Oscar L. , Kaushik Diksha , Jin Fengbin , Ma Jiyuan , McIntosh Joseph , Souza Marcio , Almstead Neil 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the potential for ethnicity‐related differences in ataluren pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety, a phase 1 single‐dose study was conducted in 48 healthy (24 Japanese and 24 Caucasian subjects), nonsmoking male volunteers who were equally divided into 3 cohorts of oral doses at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected until 48 hours postdose. PK results demonstrated rapid absorption of ataluren, with peak plasma levels (Cmax) being attained between 0.875 and 2.5 hours after dosing. The mean Cmax and area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC(0‐last)) increased with each increasing dose level in both Japanese and Caucasian subjects. Although the Cmax was similar across all subjects at each dose regardless of ethnicity, Japanese subjects had a mean AUC(0‐last) approximately 14% to 34% lower than that of Caucasian subjects across the 3 dose levels. This difference was likely due to the higher variability of AUC values in Caucasian subjects and the relatively small study population. In conclusion, similar ataluren PK profiles were observed in healthy Japanese and Caucasian subjects following single oral administration of ataluren at all dose levels.
Accelerating white blood cells image segmentation using GPUs
Authors: Bani Baker Qanita , Alsmirat Mohammad A. , Balhaf Khaled , Shehab Mohammed A. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWhite Blood Cell (WBC) segmentation is one of the important topics in the medical image processing field. Many researchers proposed several clustering approaches to segment WBC from blood smear microscopic images. However, a fast and robust segmentation of WBCs is still a challenging task. In this work, we propose parallel algorithms that utilize the parallelism capabilities of the Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to accelerate the segmentation of WBC from microscopic images. In this research, we implement the main image segmentation clustering algorithms using one thread that we run on a single CPU (sequential implementation) and using multiple threads that we run on both the CPU and the GPU (hybrid CPU‐GPU). We focus our work on the most common four segmentation algorithms: Standard K‐means (SKM), Adaptive K‐means (AKM), Fuzzy C‐means (FCM), and Fuzzy Possibilistic C‐means (FPCM). We implement these algorithms and the pre‐processing steps for WBC image segmentation in CUDA programming to take the advantages of the large number of cores in GPUs. In this work, our hybrid implementation accelerated the four studied sequential algorithms by 4X, 3.8X, 3.4X, and 3.4X, respectively, without affecting WBC segmentation quality.
Tunable Supramolecular Nanoarchitectures Constructed by the Complexation of Diphenanthro‐24‐Crown‐8/Cesium(I) with Nickel(II) and Silver(I) Ions
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Chen Yong , Zhou Yan , Liu Yu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTunable supramolecular nanoarchitectures have received enormous attention because of their potential in materials fabrication. Herein, a variety of morphologically intriguing nanoarchitectures have been constructed from diphenanthro‐24‐crown‐8 ether (DPC) and metal ions. SEM and TEM showed that the self‐assembled nanofibers undergo a CsI‐induced transformation into regular nanoribbons, and further into nanospheres and nanoparticles by the complexation of NiII and AgI ions because of the strong ion‐dipole interaction. Moreover, the X‐ray crystal structure determination and powder X‐diffraction data further confirmed that these morphological transformations resulted from the different complexation between DPC and metal ions. This result provides a new strategy for the subtle manipulation of supramolecular assemblies.
Using CRISPR/Cas9 engineering to generate a mouse with a conditional knockout allele for the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger transcription factor
Authors: Hai Lan , Szwarc Maria M. , Lanza Denise G. , Heaney Jason D. , Lydon John P. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) transcription factor mediates a wide‐range of biological processes. Accordingly, perturbation of PLZF function results in a myriad of physiologic defects, the most conspicuous of which is abnormal skeletal patterning. Although whole body knockout of Plzf in the mouse (Plzf
KO) has significantly expanded our understanding of Plzf function in vivo, a conditional knockout mouse model that enables tissue or cell‐type specific ablation of Plzf has not been developed. Therefore, we used CRISPR/Cas 9 gene editing to generate a mouse model in which exon 2 of the murine Plzf gene is specifically flanked (or floxed) by LoxP sites (Plzf
f/f). Crossing our Plzf
f/f mouse with a global cre‐driver mouse to generate the Plzf
d/d bigenic mouse, we demonstrate that exon 2 of the Plzf gene is ablated in the Plzf
d/d bigenic. Similar to the previously reported Plzf
KO mouse, the Plzf
d/d mouse exhibits a severe defect in skeletal patterning of the hindlimb, indicating that the Plzf
f/f mouse functions as designed. Therefore, studies in this short technical report demonstrate that the Plzf
f/f mouse will be useful to investigators who wish to explore the role of the Plzf transcription factor in a specific tissue or cell‐type.
Capacitor current imbalance and its suppression method between phase legs for three‐phase inverter
Authors: Hirao Takashi , Wada Keiji , Shimizu Toshihisa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a method to suppress the capacitor current imbalance between the phase legs of a three‐phase inverter circuit. This circuit consists of half‐bridge modules and DC‐link capacitors closely connected to each module. It can be designed for low stray inductance between power semiconductor devices and DC‐link capacitors in each module. However, in the conventional structure, the stray inductance between the phase legs may lead to an imbalance in the capacitor current due to the DC‐side resonance phenomenon under a higher switching frequency condition by using a SiC MOSFET. This paper presents the analyses of the equivalent circuit considering the circuit configuration, which suggests that capacitor current imbalance occurs depending on the stray inductance between phase legs. To suppress the capacitor current imbalance, a delta‐type bus bar connecting phase legs is proposed. The experiment results at 300 V and 4.6 A demonstrate the suppression effectiveness of the proposed method.