bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action of cocaine involves depletion of dopaminergic and serotonergic storage vesicles
Authors: Homberg Judith R. , Karel Peter , Meyer Francisca , Rink Kiki , van Hulten Josephus A. , van Bakel Nick H.M. , de Mulder Eric L.W. , Caffino Lucia , Fumagalli Fabio , Jansen Jitske , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Martens Gerard J.M. , Cools Alexander R. , Verheij Michel M.M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCocaine is known to increase the extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) by inhibiting the neuronal reuptake of these monoamines. However, individuals with reduced monoamine reuptake transporter expression do not display a reduction in cocaine intake, suggesting that a mechanism other than inhibition of monoamine reuptake contributes to the rewarding and addictive effects of the psychostimulant. Here we report that cocaine depletes the dopaminergic and serotonergic storage vesicles of the rat nucleus accumbens. This cocaine-induced vesicle depletion gave rise to acute increases in the extracellular levels of DA and 5-HT, which in turn correlated with monoamine-type-specific changes in behavior. Both the neurochemical and behavioral responses to cocaine varied among individual animals, which was not due to individual differences in the reuptake of DA and 5-HT, but rather to individual differences in their vesicular release. Furthermore, we found that reserpine-induced depletion of storage vesicles reduced both short and long access cocaine self-administration, and the degree of reduction was linked to the vesicular storage capacity of the animals. In conclusion, we demonstrate a novel mechanism by which cocaine increases the extracellular concentrations of accumbal DA and 5-HT, namely via release from storage vesicles. Furthermore, individual differences in cocaine-induced vesicular monoamine release shape individual differences in not only the acute behavioral and neurochemical effects of the stimulant, but also in its intake. Thus, intracellular storage vesicles represent an attractive novel drug target to combat psychostimulant addiction.
Housing temperature influences exercise training adaptations in mice
Authors: Raun Steffen H. , Olguín Carlos Henriquez , Karavaeva Iuliia , Ali Mona , Møller Lisbeth L. V. , Kot Witold , Castro Mejía Josué L. , Nielsen Dennis Sandris , Gerhart-Hines Zach , Richter Erik A. , Sylow Lykke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractExercise training is a powerful means to combat metabolic pathologies. Mice are extensively used to describe the benefits of exercise, but mild cold stress induced by housing temperatures may confound translation to humans. Thermoneutral housing is a strategy to make mice more metabolically similar to humans but its effects on exercise adaptations are unknown. Using voluntary wheel running, we show that thermoneutral housing blunted exercise-induced improvements in insulin action in muscle and adipose tissue. Moreover, thermoneutrality reduced the effects of training on energy expenditure, body composition, muscle and adipose tissue protein expressions, and the gut microbiome. The majority of these thermoneutral-dependent training adaptations could not be ascribed to a lower voluntary running volume. Thus, we conclude that organismal adaptations to exercise training in mice critically depend upon housing temperature. Our findings underscore the importance of housing temperature as an important parameter in the design and interpretation of murine exercise studies.HighlightsHousing at 30°C blunts several adaptations to exercise training in miceExercise-sensitive protein induction is dampened at 30°C in skeletal muscle30°C-housing blunts training-induced increase in insulin-stimulated glucose uptakeGlucose tolerance is not improved by voluntary exercise training at 30°C housingDecreased running in 30°C housing is not due to overheatingGraphical abstract
Self-perception and interpersonal peacefulness: the mediating role of theory of mind and harmony
Authors: Khayyer Zahra , Oreyzi Hamidreza , Asgari Karim , Sikström Sverker 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
A wide range of variables, including cognitive, emotional and relational factors, could affect the level of peacefulness. The purpose of this paper is to examine key variables (theory of mind (ToM) and harmony) that mediate the personality trait of peacefulness.

Design/methodology/approach
The participants were 182 university students recruited from three universities in Isfahan, Iran. Some different scales were applied in order to measure the intended peace variables.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that ToM, as the ability to attribute mental states, significantly mediates the association between interpersonal peacefulness and inhibition skill, interpersonal peacefulness and conflict resolution abilities, and interpersonal peacefulness and level of aggression. In addition, harmony mediates the relationship between intrapersonal peacefulness, hope, intrapersonal peacefulness and self-compassionate competency.

Practical implications
These findings indicate that peaceful feelings enable a person to provide more attention to the concerns of others and to relationship issues.

Originality/value
This an original type of study in the field of peace psychology.
Comparing accounting students’ instructional preferences: Australia and Zimbabwe
Authors: Sithole Seedwell T.M. , Abeysekera Indra 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This study aims to examine the instructional preferences exhibited by students in an Australian and a Zimbabwean setting and how cultural conditioning can reflect in the instructional design choice and the effect on the learning process.

Design/methodology/approach
Using graphical and textual presentations of an experiment with three instructional designs and 217 undergraduate students, this study empirically examines student understanding of financial accounting in the two countries. Students’ performance scores and reported mental effort ratings were used to determine the instructional preference.

Findings
The findings of this comparative study show that Australian accounting students prefer graph and text designs aligned with a low power distance, (PD) while Zimbabwean students prefer graph and text designs associated with a high PD. Deep-rooted cultural values and modes of thinking need to be considered in the learning processes.

Research limitations/implications
The sample used in this study came from first-year undergraduate students studying introductory accounting at two different universities from two different countries (Australia and Zimbabwe). The results may not be generalisable to other universities, although similar patterns were found to be consistent with students’ cultural orientations. In addition, there may be other factors that motivate students’ learning and affect their performance, and those should therefore be considered.

Practical implications
The results suggest that students learning in different cultural contexts learn better with different instructional formats, requiring educators to consider different formats of instructional material.

Originality/value
This study is the first to offer accounting educators insights on one major dimension of cultural variation, using instructional material designed according to cognitive load theory principles in a cross-cultural context.
Cascading effects of mammalian herbivores on ground‐dwelling arthropods: Variable responses across arthropod groups, habitats and years
Authors: Cecil Eric M. , Spasojevic Marko J. , Cushman J. Hall 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Large mammalian herbivores are well known to shape the structure and function of ecosystems world‐wide, and these effects can in turn cascade through systems to indirectly influence other animal species. A wealth of studies has explored the effects of large mammals on arthropods, but to date they have reported such widely varying results that generalizations have been elusive. Three factors are likely drivers of this variability: the widely varying life‐history characteristics of different arthropod groups, the highly variable landscapes that mammalian herbivores commonly inhabit and temporal variation in environmental conditions.

Here, we use an 18‐year‐old exclosure experiment stratified across three distinct coastal prairie habitats in northern California to address the effects of a reintroduced mammalian herbivore, tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) on the composition, richness and abundance of ground‐dwelling arthropods over two years with very different precipitation regimes.

We found that elk shifted the composition of arthropod communities, increasing the abundance of ants, beetles, spiders and mites, decreasing the abundance of woodlice and bristletails in some but not all habitats types, and having no effect on the abundance of bugs, crickets and springtails. Elk also increased richness and changed the composition of ant genera and beetle morpho‐species. Interestingly, the effects of elk on arthropod composition, richness and abundance varied little between years, despite very different precipitation levels, biomass accumulation and thatch height.

Elk reduced shrub cover, above‐ground herbaceous biomass and thatch height and increased soil compaction, and these changes predicted the abundance and richness of arthropods, although taxonomic groups varied in their responses, presumably due to differences in environmental requirements.

Synthesis. Our research highlights the importance of using long‐term experiments to assess the cascading effects of large herbivores on the composition of grounddwelling arthropod communities and to identify the mechanisms that indirectly shape arthropod responses to herbivores among variable habitats and years in order to develop a greater understanding of the variable responses of arthropods to large mammalian herbivores.
Functional characterization of the sterigmatocystin secondary metabolite gene cluster in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina: involvement in oxidative stress response, sexual development, pigmentation and interspecific competitions
Authors: Shen Ling , Porée François‐Hugues , Gaslonde Thomas , Lalucque Hervé , Chapeland‐Leclerc Florence , Ruprich‐Robert Gwenaël 
Published: May 2019

SummaryFilamentous fungi are known as prolific untapped reservoirs of diverse secondary metabolites, where genes required for their synthesis are organized in clusters. The bioactive properties of these compounds are closely related to their functions in fungal biology, which are not well understood. In this study, we focused on the Podospora anserina gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin (ST). Deletion of the PaStcA gene encoding the polyketide synthase and overexpression (OE) of the PaAflR gene encoding the ST‐specific transcription factor in P. anserina were performed. We showed that growth of PaStcAΔ was inhibited in the presence of methylglyoxal, while OE‐PaAflR showed a little inhibition, indicating that ST production may enhance oxidative stress tolerance in P. anserina. We also showed that the OE‐PaAflR strain displayed an overpigmented thallus mediated by the melanin pathway. Overexpression of PaAflR also led to sterility. Interspecific confrontation assays showed that ST‐overexpressed strains produced a high level of peroxides and possessed a higher competitiveness against other fungi. Comparative metabolite profiling demonstrated that PaStcAΔ strain was unable to produce ST, while OE‐PaAflR displayed a ST overproduction. This study contributes to a better understanding of ST in P. anserina, especially with regard to its involvement in fungal physiology.
Build community before the storm: The National Weather Service's social media engagement
Authors: Olson Michele K. , Sutton Jeannette , Vos Sarah C. , Prestley Robert , Renshaw Scott L. , Butts Carter T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe current study examines crisis communication on social media by observing how twelve National Weather Service (NWS) offices use Twitter to facilitate engagement with stakeholders during threat and nonthreat periods. Using content analytic methods, we examine message features related to content and structure during a 3‐month period in spring 2016. We conduct chi‐square analyses to determine how the prevalence of these features varies by time. Results indicate that NWS offices use Twitter for ongoing engagement communication through both the content and structure of their messages, where community building and action‐orientated messages are primarily used during nonthreat periods. When fair weather changes and storms approach, the offices shift to the communication of risk. Our findings underscore the need to examine organizational communication practices in a manner that recognizes the distinctions between long‐term engagement goals and short‐term goals related to the mission of the organization.
A simple algorithm to predict non‐compliance with organ at risk dose‐volume constraints when planning intensity modulated post‐prostatectomy radiation treatment: ‘Why we should put the CART before the horse’
Authors: Collier Natalie , Kneebone Andrew , Hruby George , McCloud Philip , Booth Jeremy , Eade Thomas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionIt is not always apparent when the optimal IMRT/VMAT plan for post‐prostatectomy radiotherapy (PPRT) has been achieved. Individual variation in patient anatomy is a key contributor. This study aimed to create a model to determine the probability of rectum and/or bladder doses exceeding planning goals based on individual patient anatomy prior to planning.MethodsThe IMRT/VMAT PPRT plans from 200 men were randomly and evenly allocated into the Training Cohort and the Validation Cohort. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the Training Cohort identified variables which impacted bladder and rectal doses. Significant variables were included in a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. The resultant algorithm was then applied to the Validation Cohort.ResultsOn multivariate analysis, prescription dose; bladder and rectal volume; lymph node treatment; and percentage of bladder and rectal overlap with the PTV were significant variables. Following CART analysis, the overlap volume (OV) for both rectum (rectum overlap > 20%) and bladder (bladder overlap > 20%) were the key drivers of meeting planning goals. Treatment of pelvic lymph nodes was included as the secondary driving factor for bladder (but not rectal) dose. On application to the Validation Cohort, CART analysis predicted 95% and 87% of patients who would meet bladder and rectal planning goals respectively.ConclusionsA simple algorithm was developed to predict plan quality by using the OV of the bladder and rectum with the PTV. This algorithm may be used a priori to assess the planning process in the context of variable anatomy, and to optimise planning quality and efficiency.
Quantitative analysis of the sHLA‐G protein in seminal plasma
Authors: Schallmoser Andreas , Raab Monika , Karn Thomas , Königsberger Sebastian , Schmidt Elke , Breitenbach‐Koller Hannelore , Sänger Nicole 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies revealed that maternal and embryonic contributions impact on HLA‐G protein expression and might contribute to pregnancy success or failure. The main objective of this study was to examine the paternal levels of the immunoregulatory soluble human leukocyte antigen‐G (sHLA‐G) protein in seminal plasma and testicular biopsy samples during artificial reproductive technique (ART) treatment and to investigate possible correlations with other semen parameters, age, and pregnancy outcome of the female partner.MethodsSoluble HLA‐G levels of 106 seminal plasma samples and eight testicular biopsy samples were determined using a commercial sHLA‐G Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.ResultsWe observed a significant negative correlation of male age with total sHLA‐G amount (P 0.023, R −0.221) and semen volume (P = 0.047, R −0.193). Testicular biopsy samples were analyzed and tested positively with sHLA‐G ELISA. Levels of sHLA‐G in seminal plasma samples from men with normozoospermia did not deviate significantly from those with reduced semen quality. No significant difference of sHLA‐G levels in seminal plasma and pregnancy outcome of the female partner was detected. Our data showed that age of men with normozoospermia was significantly lower when the female partner conceived after ART treatment (P = 0.016, Mann‐Whitney U test).ConclusionHigh sHLA‐G levels in seminal plasma of the male partner appear not to be required for pregnancy but might contribute among other factors to the success of establishing and maintaining pregnancy through long‐term priming of the female uterine milieu.
Learning “Merit” in a Chinese Preschool: Bringing the Anthropological Perspective to Understanding Moral Development
Authors: Xu Jing 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTMoral development in early childhood has recently raised heightened interest across social sciences. Integrating controlled methods into ethnographic fieldwork, this article investigates how Chinese preschool children develop their understanding of “merit,” an important fairness principle in resource allocation, through socialization ofbiaoxian hao. Whereas the experimental data taps into distributing reward based on how much one contributes to collective work, a standard attribute of “merit” in psychology literature, ethnographic analysis reveals how children's understanding of merit is mediated by the cultural discourse ofbiaoxian hao, a significant moral framework in contemporary China that refers to self‐presentation in authority‐evaluation contexts, with a hierarchical dimension. Ethnography further demonstrates the developmental trajectory of learningbiaoxian haoand the powerful disciplinary mechanism of overt social comparison and moral evaluation. By showing how two basic moral concerns, sensitivity to fairness and inclination to impress authority, intersect in early development in cultural contexts, this mixed‐methods research provides a direction for cultural anthropology to contribute to the interdisciplinary study of moral development. [merit, fairness, biaoxian, moral development, China]
Primary cilia: biosensors of the male reproductive tract
Authors: Girardet Laura , Augière Céline , Asselin Marie‐Pier , Belleannée Clémence 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe primary cilium is a microtubule‐based organelle that extends transiently from the apical cell surface to act as a sensory antenna. Initially viewed as a cellular appendage of obscure significance, the primary cilium is now acknowledged as a key coordinator of signaling pathways during development and in tissue homeostasis.ObjectivesThe aim of this review was to present the structure and function of this overlooked organelle,with an emphasis on its epididymal context and contribution to male infertility issues.Materials and MethodsA systematic review has been performed in order to include main references relevant to the aforementioned topic.ResultsIncreasing evidence demonstrates that primary cilia dysfunctions are associated with impaired male reproductive system development and male infertility issues.DiscussionWhile a large amount of data exists regarding the role of primary cilia in most organs and tissues, few studies investigated the contribution of these organelles to male reproductive tract development and homeostasis.ConclusionFunctional studies of primary cilia constitute an emergent and exciting new area in reproductive biology research.
Serum TLR2 and TLR4 levels in colorectal cancer and their association with systemic inflammatory markers, tumor characteristics, and disease outcome
Authors: Paarnio Karoliina , Tuomisto Anne , Väyrynen Sara A. , Väyrynen Juha P. , Klintrup Kai , Ohtonen Pasi , Mäkinen Markus J. , Mäkelä Jyrki , Karttunen Tuomo J. 
Published: May 2019

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. However, the significance of serum TLR concentrations in CRC is unknown. We analyzed serum TLR2 and TLR4 concentrations with ELISA in preoperative samples from 118 patients with CRC and 88 matched controls. We also assessed tissue TLR expression with immunohistochemistry and by detecting serum determinants of systemic inflammation. Most participants (>70%) had undetectable serum TLR2. The mean serum TLR4 levels were lower in patients than in controls (1.1 vs 1.8 ng/mL; p = 0.015). Undetectable TLR4 was more common in stage I (39%) than in stages II–IV (11%, p < 0.001). TLR2 or TLR4 expression in tumor cells did not correlate with serum levels, but abundant TLR2 expression in normal colon epithelium was associated with detectable serum TLR2 (p = 0.034). Undetectable serum TLR2 was linked to high modified Glasgow prognostic scores (p = 0.010), high CRP levels (p = 0.013), blood vessel invasion (p = 0.013), and tended to be associated with worse 5‐year survival (p = 0.052). In conclusion, serum TLR2 levels were inversely associated with systemic inflammation in patients with CRC. Moreover, serum TLR2 levels might depend more on normal colorectal mucosa contributions than on tumor tissue contributions. Further studies are required to assess the prognostic value of serum TLR2.
Effect of dietary fish oil intake on ubiquitin ligase expression during muscle atrophy induced by sciatic nerve denervation in mice
Authors: Komiya Yusuke , Kobayashi Chiaki , Uchida Naoyasu , Otsu Shohei , Tanio Tatsuki , Yokoyama Issei , Nagasao Jun , Arihara Keizo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDietary fish oil intake improves muscle atrophy in several atrophy models however the effect on denervation‐induced muscle atrophy is not clear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fish oil intake on muscle atrophy and the expression of muscle atrophy markers induced by sciatic nerve denervation in mice. We performed histological and quantitative mRNA expression analysis of muscle atrophy markers in mice fed with fish oil with sciatic nerve denervation. Histological analysis indicated that dietary fish oil intake slightly prevented the decrease of muscle fiber diameter induced by denervation treatment. In addition, dietary fish oil intake suppressed the MuRF1 (tripartite motif‐containing 63) expression up‐regulated by denervation treatment, and this was due to decreased tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) production in skeletal muscle. We concluded that dietary fish oil intake suppressed MuRF1 expression by decreasing TNF‐α production during muscle atrophy induced by sciatic nerve denervation in mice.