bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Blutung nach thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffen
Authors: Haager Benedikt , Passlick Bernward , Schmid Severin 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDie postoperative Nachblutung nach thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffen ist eine seltene, aber mit einer hohen Mortalität verknüpfte Komplikation. In der Literatur wird die Häufigkeit mit 0,6 – 2% bzw. 3 – 4,6% angegeben bei einer Mortalität von 5,1 bis zu 17,8%. Bei leichten Blutungen kann der Abfluss über die Thoraxdrainagen, Substitution von Gerinnungsprodukten (Fresh frozen Plasma, Tranexamsäure) und die Transfusion von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) ausreichend sein, um diese zu kontrollieren. Bei ausgeprägten Blutungen ist jedoch meist eine Rethorakotomie erforderlich. Die Ursache der Nachblutung liegt meist in einem Bronchial- oder Interkostalgefäß (21 und 16%) oder an der Thoraxwand bei ausgedehnter Pleurolyse (10,5%). Die Pulmonalarterie oder -vene war nur in 16% Ursache der Blutung und in den meisten Fällen (37%) konnte keine aktive Blutungsquelle mehr identifiziert werden. Einen günstigen Effekt auf das postoperative Outcome nach Nachblutung scheint die rasche Revisionsoperation zu haben.
Recommendations for the Diagnostic Testing and Therapy of Atlas Fractures
Authors: Schleicher Philipp , Scholz Matti , Kandziora Frank , Badke Andreas , Dreimann Marc , Gebhard Harry W. , Gercek Erol , Gonschorek Oliver , Hartensuer René , Jarvers Jan-Sven Gilbert , Katscher Sebastian , Kobbe Philipp , Koepp Holger , Matschke Stefan , Mörk Sven , Müller Christian W. , Osterhoff Georg , Pécsi Ferenc , Pishnamaz Miguel , Reinhold Maximilian , Schmeiser Gregor , Schnake Klaus John , Schneider Kristian , Spiegl Ulrich Josef Albert , Ullrich Bernhard 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2017 erstellten die Mitglieder der AG „obere HWS“ der Sektion „Wirbelsäule“ der DGOU in einem Konsensusprozess mit 4 Sitzungen Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie oberer Halswirbelsäulenverletzungen unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Literatur. Der folgende Artikel beschreibt die Empfehlung für Frakturen des Atlasrings. Etwa 10% aller HWS-Verletzungen betreffen den Atlas. Die Diagnostik zielt im Wesentlichen auf die Detektion der Verletzung sowie die Beurteilung der Gelenkflächen hinsichtlich einer Lateralisationstendenz der Atlasmassive. Zur Klassifikation haben sich die Gehweiler-Klassifikation und ergänzend die Dickman-Klassifikation bewährt. Zum primären klinischen Screening hat sich die Canadian C-Spine Rule bewährt. Bildgebendes Verfahren der Wahl bei klinischem Verdacht auf eine Atlasverletzung ist die CT. Die MRT dient der Beurteilung der Integrität des Lig. transversum atlantis bei vorderer und hinterer Bogenfraktur. Die Indikation zur Gefäßdarstellung sollte großzügig gestellt werden. Viele Atlasfrakturen können konservativ in einer Zervikalorthese behandelt werden. Eine OP-Indikation ist gegeben bei bestehender oder drohender massiver Gelenkinkongruenz oder -instabilität, die am häufigsten bei Gehweiler-IIIB-Frakturen oder bei Gehweiler-IV-Frakturen vorliegt. Operative Standardtherapie ist die dorsale atlantoaxiale Fixation, entweder in transartikulärer Technik oder mittels Fixateur interne. Insbesondere bei jüngeren Patienten sollte die Möglichkeit einer isolierten Atlasosteosynthese geprüft werden. Dislozierte Gehweiler-IV-Frakturen mit sagittaler Spaltbildung können auch probatorisch im Halofixateur unter Ausnutzung der Ligamentotaxis behandelt werden; eine engmaschige Dislokationskontrolle ist obligat. Im Falle einer sekundären Dislokation ist auch hier eine operative Stabilisierung indiziert. Bei Mitbeteiligung des okzipitozervikalen Gelenks ist eine Einbeziehung des Okziputs in die Instrumentierung notwendig.
Richtlinien für Kliniken
Authors: Klakow-Franck Regina 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungSchon lange bevor die Politik die Untergrenzen thematisierte, hatte der G-BA
Regeln in puncto Personalausstattung für sensible Bereiche festgelegt. Die
Umsetzung stellt die Pflegedirektionen nun vor eine große Herausforderung.
Ein Überblick – auch über das Beschlussgremium selbst.
Acute Limb Ischemia Therapies: When and How to Treat Endovascularly
Authors: Hage Anthony , McDevitt Joseph , Chick Jeffrey , Vadlamudi Venu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAcute limb ischemia is an emergent limb and life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality. An understanding of the presentation, clinical evaluation, and initial workup, including noninvasive imaging evaluation, is critical to determine an appropriate management strategy. Modern series have shown endovascular revascularization for acute limb ischemia to be safe and effective with success rates approaching surgical series and with similar, or even decreased, perioperative morbidity and mortality. A thorough understanding of endovascular techniques, associated pharmacology, and perioperative care is paramount to the endovascular management of patients presenting with acute limb ischemia. This article discusses the diagnosis and strategies for endovascular treatment of acute limb ischemia.
Long Chronic Total Occlusions: Revascularization Strategies
Authors: Sheeran Daniel , Wilkins Luke 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe treatment of chronic total occlusions (CTO) in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a complex topic with multiple treatment techniques and treatment strategies. The interventionalist treating patients with PAD should have both a defined treatment algorithm and multiple techniques available for crossing these challenging lesions. This article will cover techniques for treating CTOs and provide an overview of current available evidence.
Differentiating Lower Extremity Wounds: Arterial, Venous, Neurotrophic
Authors: Star Ava 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a currently underdiagnosed and underrecognized vascular disease afflicting up to 200 million people worldwide, with at least 1 million of those suffering from critical limb ischemia (CLI). The 5-year mortality after major amputation for CLI (70%) is twice the average 5-year cancer mortality in the United States, and as many as 50% of CLI patients proceed directly to amputation without preceding vascular assessment or revascularization. Each year, twice as many breast augmentations are performed as leg revascularizations. Strong evidence in the literature supports markedly improved outcomes when multidisciplinary care teams across specialties are engaged to evaluate, treat, and manage patients with lower extremity wounds. This article assists the vascular specialist in differentiating the three most common lower extremity wound types.
Analysis of von Willebrand Disease in the South Moravian Population (Czech Republic): Results from the BRNO-VWD Study
Authors: Vangenechten Inge , Smejkal Petr , Zapletal Ondrej , Michiels Jan Jacques , Berneman Zwi , Zavrelova Jiri , Blatný Jan , Penka Miroslav , Gadisseur Alain 
Published: February 2019

Background von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by a quantitative (type 1 and 3) or qualitative (type 2) defect of von Willebrand factor (VWF). The heterogeneity of laboratory phenotyping makes diagnosing difficult.
Objective A cross-sectional, family-based VWD study in a collaboration between University Hospital Brno (Czech Republic) and Antwerp University Hospital (Belgium) to improve the understanding of laboratory phenotype/genotype correlation.
Patients and Methods A total of 205 patients with suspected VWD were identified from historical records. Complete laboratory analysis was established using all available VWD assays including VWF multimers and genetic analysis.
Results Based on the current International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) – Scientific and Standardization Committee VWD classification and type 2A sub-division into 2A/IIA, IID, IIC and IIE, the majority was characterized as a type 1 VWD, followed by type 2. Proposed laboratory phenotypes were confirmed by their multimeric pattern within 98% of this cohort. All type 2, 3 and 75% of type 1 VWD patients were confirmed by underlying causative mutations. Forty-six different causal mutations (117 not previously described in the literature) could be identified. Fifty per cent of all cases was represented by eight individual mutations, mainly p.Pro812ArgfsX31. Thirteen patients had a large heterozygous gene alteration.
Conclusion Although an extensive panel of tests was used, VWD classification and (sub)typing remains difficult and fluid. This study provides a cross-sectional overview of the VWD population in the Czech Republic and provides important data to the ISTH/European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders VWD mutation database in linking causal mutations with unique VWD (sub)types. It also identifies new, as not previously described in the literature, causal mutations.
Structural hierarchy confers error tolerance in biological materials
Authors: Michel Jonathan A. , Yunker Peter J. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Structural hierarchy is ubiquitous in nature and an emerging trend in engineered materials. Despite their many virtues, hierarchical materials also add complexity and dramatically increase the opportunities for random errors in assembly. Nonetheless, highly hierarchical tissues have evolved many times in diverse lineages; this prevalence suggests a common source of mechanical robustness. In this work, we introduce a tractable, model hierarchical lattice with controllable attributes on each length scale. We find, contrary to intuition, that adding additional levels of structure actually reduces the relative variation in mechanical properties, despite an increase in assembly errors. This finding informs our understanding of the emergence of hierarchically structured biological materials, while also offering a practical heuristic in materials design.
High ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infection
Authors: Moriyama Miyu , Ichinohe Takeshi 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Although half of the world’s population could face severe food crisis as a result of global warming by the end of this century, the effects of environmental temperature and host nutritional status in host defense to viral infection in vivo are less clear. Here, we demonstrated that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C reduced their food intake and impaired adaptive immune responses to influenza virus infection. In addition, we found that administration of glucose or dietary short-chain fatty acids restored influenza virus-specific adaptive immune responses in high heat-exposed mice. Our results imply possible public health problems and concerns that outside temperature and host nutritional status may be critical determinants of viral pathogenesis or vaccine efficacy.
Magnesium-sensitive upstream ORF controls PRL phosphatase expression to mediate energy metabolism
Authors: Hardy Serge , Kostantin Elie , Wang Shan Jin , Hristova Tzvetena , Galicia-Vázquez Gabriela , Baranov Pavel V. , Pelletier Jerry , Tremblay Michel L. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
The phosphatases of regenerative liver (PRL) have been shown to interact with the CNNM magnesium transport regulators. Through this protein complex, PRL controls the levels of intracellular magnesium. Our study uncovers a remarkable posttranscriptional feedback mechanism by which magnesium controls PRL expression in mammalian cells. Here we show that regulation of PRL mRNA translation by magnesium depends on a 5′UTR-located upstream ORF, which is conserved among all vertebrates, proposing an evolutionary molecular mechanism of action by a divalent ion. This magnesium-sensing mechanism, which also involves the key metabolic sensor AMPK, is thus central to maintain cellular homeostasis in mammalian cells.
TrkB-expressing neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus are necessary and sufficient to suppress homeostatic feeding
Authors: Liao Guey-Ying , Kinney Clint E. , An Juan Ji , Xu Baoji 
Published: February 2019

Significance
The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) is well known for its role in the regulation of energy expenditure; however, its role in the control of appetite is less defined. Our study identifies TrkB-expressing DMH neurons that potently suppress appetite and efficiently maintain physiological satiety when they are activated. Furthermore, because ablating the TrkB receptor in these neurons increased appetite and reduced energy expenditure, our study indicates that BDNF could act in part on the DMH to control body weight. These results suggest that activation of DMH TrkB neurons could be a powerful way to treat obesity because it will not only greatly reduce appetite but also overcome a potent counterregulatory mechanism by which food restriction-induced weight loss disproportionately reduces energy expenditure.
Functional/Aesthetic Measures of Patient Satisfaction After Rhinoplasty: A Review
Authors: Xiao Hong , Zhao Yanan , Liu Liu , Xiao Minqin , Qiu Wei , Liu Yin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Multiple patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available to assess patient satisfaction after rhinoplasty. These self-assessment measures can be divided into 3 categories: measures for functional outcomes, aesthetic outcomes, and both. Although Barone et al have discussed this classification, a recently developed scale was not featured. We performed a PubMed search for publications in English that described patient satisfaction post-rhinoplasty, utilizing PROMs that facilitate both functional and aesthetic self-assessment. PROMs, including the Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation, the Functional Rhinoplasty Outcome Inventory 17, the Rhinoplasty Health Inventory and Nasal Outcomes scale, the FACE-Q Rhinoplasty module, and the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey, were reviewed and critically appraised in terms of their content, ease of use, and analysis parameters. This review highlights the benefit of using multi-functional PROMs after rhinoplasty instead of single-purpose PROMs and enables surgeons and researchers to choose the most appropriate measure for their purpose.
Miso: an R package for multiple isotope labeling assisted metabolomics data analysis
Authors: Dong Yonghui , Feldberg Liron , Aharoni Asaph 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Motivation
The use of stable isotope labeling is highly advantageous for structure elucidation in metabolomics studies. However, computational tools dealing with multiple-precursor-based labeling studies are still missing. Hence, we developed Miso, an R package providing automated and efficient data analysis workflow to detect the complete repertoire of labeled molecules from multiple-precursor-based labeling experiments.

Results
The capability of Miso is demonstrated by the analysis of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data obtained from duckweed plants fed with one unlabeled and two differently labeled tyrosine (unlabeled tyrosine, tyrosine-2H4 and tyrosine-13C915N1). The resulting data matrix generated by Miso contains sets of unlabeled and labeled ions with their retention time, m/z values and number of labeled atoms that can be directly utilized for database query and biological studies.

Availability and implementation
Miso is publicly available on the CRAN repository (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/Miso). A reproducible case study and a detailed tutorial are available from GitHub (https://github.com/YonghuiDong/Miso_example).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinical Spectrum of Primaquine-induced Hemolysis in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A 9-Year Hospitalization-based Study From the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Brito-Sousa Jose Diego , Santos Thalie C , Avalos Sara , Fontecha Gustavo , Melo Gisely C , Val Fernando , Siqueira André M , Alecrim Graça C , Bassat Quique , Lacerda Marcus V G , Monteiro Wuelton M 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Despite glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency prevalence of 5% in the Amazon, primaquine is administered without G6PD screening. This is an important cause of hospitalization among Plasmodium vivax–infected individuals, leading to life-threatening anemia and acute renal failure across endemic areas. In Manaus, the frequency of primaquine-induced hemolysis was 85.2 cases per 100 000 primaquine users.
Safety of direct true lumen cannulation after venous exsanguination: a study in a surviving porcine model†
Authors: Mustonen Caius , Honkanen Hannu-Pekka , Lehtonen Siri , Tuominen Hannu , Mäkelä Tuomas , Kaakinen Timo , Yannopoulos Fredrik , Anttila Vesa , Juvonen Tatu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESType A aortic dissection requires immediate surgery. Traditional cannulation methods such as the central aortic cannulation with the Seldinger technique and axillary cannulation are primary choices. Yet in the presence of tamponade or severe cardiogenic shock, these can be too time-consuming to complete. Direct true lumen cannulation after venous exsanguination not only avoids this issue but also leads to transient global ischaemia. We studied the safety of direct true lumen cannulation from the aspect of global ischaemia in a surviving porcine model.METHODSTwelve pigs were randomized to either control or intervention groups (6 + 6). The intervention group underwent simulated direct true lumen cannulation by exsanguination and circulatory arrest for 5 min at 35°C before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Both groups underwent CPB cooling to 25°C followed by a 25-min arrest period and subsequent warming to 36°C. Neuron-specific enolase levels were measured at 6 time-points from blood samples. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to determine brain oxygenation. The neurological recovery was evaluated daily during a 7-day follow-up, and the brain was harvested for a histopathological analysis after euthanization.RESULTSAll pigs recovered their normal neurological behaviour. The neurobehavioural total score on postoperative day 2 reached borderline statistical significance, thus favouring the intervention group [(9 (8.75–9) vs 6.5 (5.5–9), P = 0.06]. Near-infrared spectroscopy values and neuron-specific enolase levels slightly favoured the control group during the cooling period, but the difference was not clinically significant. The histopathological analysis showed no difference between the groups.CONCLUSIONSA 5-min period of normothermic global ischaemia before CPB does not impair the neurological outcome following hypothermic circulatory arrest in a surviving porcine model.
Mechanisms of recurrent regurgitation after transapical off-pump mitral valve repair with neochord implantation†
Authors: Colli Andrea , Besola Laura , Bizzotto Eleonora , Fiocco Alessandro , Denas Gentian , Bellu Roberto , Pradegan Nicola , Nadali Matteo , Gregio Alessandro , Pittarello Demetrio , Gerosa Gino 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to describe possible mechanisms of recurrent mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients who have been treated with the NeoChord procedure.METHODSPatients presenting with recurrent severe or moderate MR were categorized as Not Expected Surgical-Like Result (NESLR)-Redo and NESLR-MR2 [NESLR reintervention or moderate MR (2+), respectively]. NESLR patients were stratified by onset (intraoperative, perioperative 24 h–30 days, or early 30 days to follow-up), by MR jet direction (central or eccentric) and by jet orientation (anterior or posterior). Specific mechanisms of NESLR were analysed.RESULTSFifty-two patients were identified with 13 (25%) categorized as NESLR-Redo, and 39 (75%) as NESLR-MR2. NESLR-Redo patient stratification included: intraoperative = 2 patients (1.2%), both eccentric anteriorly directed jets; perioperative = 7 patients (4.2%), all eccentric with 3 anteriorly and 4 posteriorly directed jets; and early = 4 patients (2.4%), 1 central, 3 eccentric, 2 posteriorly and 1 anteriorly directed jets. NESLR-MR2 patient stratification included: perioperative = 2 patients (5.1%), both eccentric, 1 anteriorly and 1 posteriorly directed jets; and early = 37 patients (94.9%), 4 central, 33 eccentric, 22 anteriorly and 11 posteriorly directed jets. Possible mechanisms of recurrent MR were identified as: patient selection (17.3%), technical issues (28.8%), progression of baseline disease (15.4%), left ventricle reverse remodelling (1.9%), excessive over-tensioning (35.8%) and PML curling (30.8%).CONCLUSIONSThe mechanisms of recurrent MR after the NeoChord procedure can be determined. Understanding recurrent MR mechanisms has led to improvements in procedural standardization and ad hoc prevention strategies that have been widely adopted since our initial clinical experience.
Effect of Reactive Balance Training Involving Repeated Slips and Trips on Balance Recovery Among Older Adults: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Okubo Yoshiro , Sturnieks Daina L , Brodie Matthew A , Duran Lionne , Lord Stephen R 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
This study examined whether reactive balance training (exposures to slips and trips) could improve balance recovery and reduce perturbation-induced falls among older adults.

Methods
Forty-four community-dwelling older adults participated in a parallel, blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in a research institute in Sydney, Australia in 2017–2018 (ACTRN12617000564358). The intervention group (n = 22) underwent three 40 minutes sessions (total 120 minutes) that exposed them to (1) 20 trips, (2) 20 slips, and (3) 10 trips and 10 slips in mixed order, over 2 days. The control group (n = 22) received one 40 minutes session of sham training. The primary outcome was falls (>30% body weight in harness) when exposed to trips and slips at post-assessment.

Results
At post-assessment, a total of 51 falls (23 and 27 falls from induced slips and trips, respectively) were recorded in the laboratory. Relative to the control group, the intervention group experienced fewer total falls (rate ratio [RR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.22–0.76), slip falls (RR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.12–0.90) and trip falls (RR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.21–1.12). Eight participants reported adverse events (5 in the intervention group and 3 in the control group) which were related mainly to discomfort caused by a suboptimal harness used in the initial stages of the trial.

Conclusions
The reactive balance training reduced perturbation-induced falls by 60% indicating improved balance recovery from trips and slips. A comfortable safety harness system is essential to prevent discomfort. Reactive balance training may complement traditional exercise programs in fall prevention interventions.
Tracking Multimorbidity Changes in Diverse Racial/Ethnic Populations Over Time: Issues and Considerations
Authors: Quiñones Ana R , Allore Heather G , Botoseneanu Anda , Newsom Jason T , Nagel Corey L , Dorr David A 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Multimorbidity is widely recognized as having adverse effects on health and wellbeing and may threaten the ability of older adults to live independently. Much of what is known about multimorbidity rests on research that has largely focused on one point in time, or from a static perspective. Given that there remains a lack of agreement in the field on how to standardize multimorbidity definitions and measurement, it is not surprising that analyzing and predicting multimorbidity development, progression over time, and its impact are still largely unaddressed. As a result, there are important gaps and challenges to measuring and studying multimorbidity in a longitudinal context. This Research Practice perspective summarizes pressing challenges and offers practical steps to move the field forward.