bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Electron/Ion Dual‐Conductive Alloy Framework for High‐Rate and High‐Capacity Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Chunpeng , Xie Hua , Ping Weiwei , Fu Kun , Liu Boyang , Rao Jiancun , Dai Jiaqi , Wang Chengwei , Pastel Glenn , Hu Liangbing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe solid‐state Li battery is a promising energy‐storage system that is both safe and features a high energy density. A main obstacle to its application is the poor interface contact between the solid electrodes and the ceramic electrolyte. Surface treatment methods have been proposed to improve the interface of the ceramic electrolytes, but they are generally limited to low‐capacity or short‐term cycling. Herein, an electron/ion dual‐conductive solid framework is proposed by partially dealloying the Li–Mg alloy anode on a garnet‐type solid‐state electrolyte. The Li–Mg alloy framework serves as a solid electron/ion dual‐conductive Li host during cell cycling, in which the Li metal can cycle as a Li‐rich or Li‐deficient alloy anode, free from interface deterioration or volume collapse. Thus, the capacity, current density, and cycle life of the solid Li anode are improved. The cycle capability of this solid anode is demonstrated by cycling for 500 h at 1 mA cm−2, followed by another 500 h at 2 mA cm−2 without short‐circuiting, realizing a record high cumulative capacity of 750 mA h cm−2 for garnet‐type all‐solid‐state Li batteries. This alloy framework with electron/ion dual‐conductive pathways creates the possibility to realize high‐energy solid‐state Li batteries with extended lifespans.
Magnetoelectric Radical Hydrocarbons
Authors: Guan Ying‐Shi , Zhong Guohua , Hu Yong , Cannella Anthony F. , Li Changning , Lee Namhoon , Jia Quanxi , Lacy David C. , Ren Shenqiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe molecular radicals, systems with unpaired electrons of open‐shell electronic structures, set the stage for a multidisciplinary science frontier relevant to the cooperative magnetic exchange interaction and magnetoelectric effect. Here ferroelectricity together with magnetic spin exchange coupling in molecular radical hydrocarbon solids is reported, representing a new class of magnetoelectrics. Electronic correlation through radical–radical interactions plays a decisive role in the coupling between magnetic and charge orders. A substantial photoconductance and visible‐light photovoltaic effect are found in radical hydrocarbons. The ability to simultaneously control and retrieve the changes in magnetic and electrical responses opens up a new breadth of applications, such as radical magnetoelectrics, magnets, and optoelectronics.
3D Cultures of Parkinson's Disease‐Specific Dopaminergic Neurons for High Content Phenotyping and Drug Testing
Authors: Bolognin Silvia , Fossépré Marie , Qing Xiaobing , Jarazo Javier , Ščančar Janez , Moreno Edinson Lucumi , Nickels Sarah L. , Wasner Kobi , Ouzren Nassima , Walter Jonas , Grünewald Anne , Glaab Enrico , Salamanca Luis , Fleming Ronan M. T. , Antony Paul M. A. , Schwamborn Jens C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD)‐specific neurons, grown in standard 2D cultures, typically only display weak endophenotypes. The cultivation of PD patient‐specific neurons, derived from induced pluripotent stem cells carrying the LRRK2‐G2019S mutation, is optimized in 3D microfluidics. The automated image analysis algorithms are implemented to enable pharmacophenomics in disease‐relevant conditions. In contrast to 2D cultures, this 3D approach reveals robust endophenotypes. High‐content imaging data show decreased dopaminergic differentiation and branching complexity, altered mitochondrial morphology, and increased cell death in LRRK2‐G2019S neurons compared to isogenic lines without using stressor agents. Treatment with the LRRK2 inhibitor 2 (Inh2) rescues LRRK2‐G2019S‐dependent dopaminergic phenotypes. Strikingly, a holistic analysis of all studied features shows that the genetic background of the PD patients, and not the LRRK2‐G2019S mutation, constitutes the strongest contribution to the phenotypes. These data support the use of advanced in vitro models for future patient stratification and personalized drug development.
Silver‐Nanowire‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of Carbon Dioxide, Amines and Propargylic Alcohols for the Synthesis of β‐Oxopropyl Carbamates
Authors: Wang Qiong , Xiong Wenfang , Deng Xiulong , Zhou Xuan , Qi Chaorong , Hu Jianqiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBoth one‐dimensional silver nanowires(AgNWs) and spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized with good dispersity and uniformity. In the presence of 4,4′‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), the Ag NWs could catalyze the three‐component coupling of carbon dioxide, secondary amines, and propargylic alcohols efficiently, furnishing a range of structurally diverse β‐oxopropyl carbamatesin good to excellent yields, whereas the Ag NPs had a lower catalytic activity under similar reaction conditions. Moreover, the Ag NWs could be recycled and reused at least up to four times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Secular trends in growth in the high‐altitude district of Nuñoa, Peru 1964–2015
Authors: Hoke Morgan K. , Leatherman Thomas L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesNuñoa, Peru has been the site of anthropological research on human adaptability, growth, and health since the 1960s. Previous studies documented a nascent secular trend in growth between 1964 and 1984. However, no secular trend was evident when the population was re‐examined in 1999, following an intervening period of sociopolitical upheaval. Subsequently, the region experienced considerable economic development reflected in secular increases in height. We seek to evaluate trends in growth and BMI among Nuñoan children over 50 years.Materials and methodsAnthropometric data for 929 children collected in 2015 are compared with anthropometric data for 394 children from 1964, 912 children from 1984, and 292 children from 1999. The data were converted to z‐scores using the WHO 2007 growth standards. anova is used to evaluate rates of stunting, underweight, overweight, and obesity across the study periods.ResultsWe observe small increases in stature and weight between the 1960s and 1980s, almost no change between the 1980s and 1990s and statistically significant reductions in stunting and increases in height between the 1990s and 2015.DiscussionThere were relatively small differences in stature and weight and a high incidence of stunting between 1964 and 1999 attributed to extremely poor economic and health conditions. A large secular increase in height (7–8 cm on average) and consequent reduction in rates of stunting between 1999 and 2015 occurred due to improved social and economic conditions. In addition to political stabilization, enhanced infrastructure, social aid programs, improved healthcare, and economic expansion contribute to these trends.
Anti‐leukemic and anti‐angiogenic effects of d‐Limonene on K562‐implanted C57BL/6 mice and the chick chorioallantoic membrane model
Authors: Shah Bhavini B. , Baksi Ruma , Chaudagar Kiranj K. , Nivsarkar Manish , Mehta Anita A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundd‐Limonene, a monoterpene from citrus fruit has been found to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities in various types of cancers. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo effect of d‐Limonene on a K562‐induced model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in C57BL/6 mice.MethodThe tail vein injection model of K562 cells in immunocompromised C57BL/6 mice was developed and evaluated for characteristics of the disease. The mice were treated with d‐Limonene and evaluated for haematological parameters. We also evaluated the effect of d‐Limonene on angiogenesis using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.ResultsIn a complete blood count, a significant dose‐dependent reduction in white blood cell, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, but an elevation in red blood cell count and haemoglobin content was observed with d‐Limonene treatment compared to the disease control or untreated group. In the CAM assay, d‐Limonene produced a significant dose‐dependent reduction in number of blood vessels in treatment groups compared to the vehicle‐treated group.ConclusionThese studies suggest promising anti‐leukemic and anti‐angiogenic effects of d‐Limonene in the treatment of CML.
Obese zebrafish: A small fish for a major human health condition
Authors: Faillaci Francesca , Milosa Fabiola , Critelli Rosina Maria , Turola Elena , Schepis Filippo , Villa Erica 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObesity is becoming a silent worldwide epidemic, with a steady increase in both adults and children. To date, even though several drugs have been licensed for long‐term obesity treatment, none of them are yet used in routine clinical practice. So far the only successful intervention has been behavioral therapy. A suitable and economic experimental model mimicking the human condition would therefore be extremely useful to evaluate preventive measures and novel treatments. Zebrafish are emerging as an important model system to study obesity and related metabolic disease. Remarkable similarities have been reported in lipid metabolism and the adipogenic pathway between zebrafish and mammals. Moreover, the zebrafish possesses a number of features—the relative inexpensiveness of animal husbandry, its optical transparency and the ability to produce a large number of offspring at low cost—that make it ideal for large‐scale screening and for testing drugs and intervention. In this review, we summarize recent progress in using zebrafish as a model system to study obesity and obesity‐related metabolic disorders. We describe several zebrafish models (in both larvae and adult animals) that develop obesity and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using different approaches, including gene manipulation, diet manipulation and modification of microbiota composition. For these models, we have outlined the specific aspects related to obesity and its development and we have summarized their advantages and limitations.
Giant Star‐Shaped Nitrogen‐Doped Nanographenes
Authors: Mora‐Fuentes Juan P. , Riaño Alberto , Cortizo‐Lacalle Diego , Saeki Akinori , Melle‐Franco Manuel , Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractStar‐shaped nanographenes (SNGs) are large monodisperse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that are larger than a nanometer and have shown a lot of promise in a wide range of applications including electronics, energy conversion, and sensing. Herein, we report a new family of giant star‐shaped N‐doped nanographenes with diameters up to 6.5 nm. Furthermore, the high solubility of this SNG family in neutral organic solvents at room temperature allowed a complete structural, optoelectronic, and electrochemical characterisation, which together with charge transport studies illustrate their n‐type semiconducting character.
Precise Synthesis of Poly(thioester)s with Diverse Structures by Copolymerization of Cyclic Thioanhydrides and Episulfides Mediated by Organic Ammonium Salts
Authors: Yue Tian‐Jun , Zhang Ming‐Chao , Gu Ge‐Ge , Wang Li‐Yang , Ren Wei‐Min , Lu Xiao‐Bing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe precise synthesis of poly(thioester)s with diverse structures is still a significant challenge in the polymeric materials field. Herein, we report a novel approach to the synthesis of well‐defined poly(thioester)s by the controlled alternating copolymerization of cyclic thioanhydrides and episulfides induced by simple organic ammonium salts. Both the cation and anion have strong effects on the copolymerization. [PPN]OAc ([PPN]=bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium) with a bulky cation was proven to be efficient in initiating this polymerization, yielding poly(thioester)s with a completely alternating structure, controlled molecular weight, and narrow polydispersity. The poly(thioester) obtained from succinic thioanhydride and propylene sulfide is a typical semicrystalline material, possessing a high refractive index of up to 1.78. Because it uses readily available monomers, this method is expected to open up a new route to poly(thioester)s with diverse structures and properties.
Multicolor Emission from Non‐conjugated Polymers Based on a Single Switchable Boron Chromophore
Authors: Wang Junwei , Wang Nan , Wu Gang , Wang Suning , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMulticolor emissive and responsive materials are highly attractive owing to their potential applications in various fields, and polymers are preferred for their good processability and high stability. Herein, we report a series of new polymers based on a methacrylate monomer containing a switchable boron chromophore. In spite of their unconjugated nature, interestingly, the homopolymers from this monomer display rare multicolor fluorescence in solution that is highly dependent on the degree of polymerization (DP). With an increasing DP, the local concentration of the chromophore increases, leading to a higher propensity for switching the blue‐emitting tricoordinate boron chromophore to the red‐emitting tetracoordinate one. The homopolymers also display temperature‐ and solvent‐dependent emission color change. Furthermore, pure white‐light emission could be achieved in various solvents by precisely tuning the homopolymer molecular weight, or in films/solid state by copolymerizing the emissive boron monomer with non‐emissive monomers in an appropriate ratio.
Optimal Controller Design with Communication Delay for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Alipouri Yousef , Alipour Hasan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDevelopment of distributed control algorithms has attracted significant attention for control of large‐scale processes. In distributed control systems, there are signal transmissions between local subsystems. One subsystem does not have complete knowledge of the whole system and interactions between subsystems are not completely considered. Communication delay also places limitations on achievable best performance. In this paper, considering communication delay, a distributed method is proposed to design an optimal controller using a discrete linear model. The advantage of the proposed method is in taking communication delay into account and being robust against subsystem failure. The proposed approach has been applied on a solid oxide fuel cell, which is extremely nonlinear and has a huge number of state variables. The results show the advantages and applicability of the proposed method.
A time‐based global path planning strategy for crowd navigation
Authors: Ozcan Cumhur Yigit , Akcapinar Sezer Ebru , Haciomeroglu Murat 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn a competent crowd navigation system, it is very important for the agents in the system to plan their movements being aware of the other agents. In this study, we propose the use of machine learning methods to create time‐based global path plans by utilizing the information as to when and where the other agents would be at a future time. The application of a machine learning method in the traditional manner for the global path planning problem is not a straightforward task due to the complexity of data collection; therefore, this study proposes a novel method to apply machine learning methods for global path planning. This enables us to create a context‐free model. We organize experiments to compare our method to a recent and competitive approach that is referred to as the potential‐based method (PBM). We employed three different machine learning methods, namely, artificial neural networks, polynomial regression, and support vector regression. The results of the mass scenario tests and a corridor scenario indicate that the versions with polynomial regression and support vector regression outperform the PBM. This encourages further investigations on the use of machine learning methods for global path planning in crowd navigation.
Conceptualization and measurement of millennial's social signaling and self‐signaling for socially responsible consumption
Authors: Johnson Olivia , Chattaraman Veena 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSocial responsibility has rapidly gained popularity among consumers specifically among millennials born 1980 to 2000. Millennials are characterized by their willingness to get involved with social and political initiatives. Motivations for social responsibility are not completely unselfish in that individuals receive personal gain when providing support for others. This research proposes that socially responsible (SR) consumption has both social signaling and self‐signaling abilities. The scales for measuring millennial's social signaling and self‐signaling for SR consumption were developed to reflect the evolving nature of both social responsibility and the millennial generation. In‐depth interviews (n = 12) were used to generate scale items and an exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the dimensionality of the scales. Results were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis that examined convergent and discriminant validity. Nomological validity testing was also performed. The social signaling for SR consumption scale was a one‐dimensional factor structure whereas the self‐signaling for SR consumption scale had two factors. These scales provide a tool for marketers and researchers to develop relevant SR initiatives aimed at millennials.
Recent Updates in Curcumin Pyrazole and Isoxazole Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Application
Authors: Mishra Satyendra , Patel Sejal , Halpani Chandni G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCurcumin is an admired, plant‐derived compound that has been extensively investigated for diverse range of biological activities, but the use of this polyphenol is limited due to its instability. Chemical modifications in curcumin are reported to seize this limitation; such efforts are intensively performed to discover molecules with similar but improved stability and better properties. Focal points of these reviews are synthesis of stable pyrazole and isoxazole analogs of curcumin and application in various biological systems. This review aims to emphasize the latest evidence of curcumin pyrazole analogs as a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Manifold features of curcumin pyrazole analogs will be summarized herein, including the synthesis of novel curcumin pyrazole analogs and the evaluation of their biological properties. This review is expected to be a complete, trustworthy and critical review of the curcumin pyrazole analogs template to the medicinal chemistry community.
Insight on patient specific computer modeling of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease
Authors: Brouwer Jorn , Gheorghe Livia , Nijenhuis Vincent J. , ten Berg Jurrien M. , Rensing Benno J. W. M. , van der Heyden Jan A. S. , Swaans Martin J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the early use of dedicated patient specific computer modeling in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), in predicting procedure feasibility and patient related outcome.BackgroundDedicated patient specific computer modeling, used for optimizing TAVI procedures, is currently validated for the prediction of contact pressure, valve morphology and paravalvular leakage (PVL). The simulation of TAVI procedures is increasingly used in patients with tricuspid aortic valve stenosis. Currently, BAV disease is considered as a relative contra‐indication for TAVI due to its specific anatomical characteristics.MethodsThis single center study consisted of seven patients with BAV undergoing TAVI. A patient specific computer simulation was performed based on multislice computer tomography images. The model advised the best fitting prosthetic valve size or sizes and simulated this valve on different implantation depths with the corresponding presence and severity of PVL and prosthetic valve morphology. The simulation results were compared with the procedural outcomes using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and fluoroscopy.ResultsThe patient specific computer modeling predicted accurately the outcome (PVL and valve morphology) of TAVI in all cases. In one case, the TAVI procedure was unsuccessful and retrospectively not suitable for TAVI, which was correctly predicted by the model.ConclusionThe patient specific computer modeling adequately predicts feasibility and outcome of TAVI in patients with BAV disease and may extend the applicability of TAVI. Moreover, it improves decision‐making and therefore individual procedural outcomes in this difficult patient population.
Effect of bran hydration with enzymes on functional properties of flour–bran blends
Authors: Park Eun Young , Fuerst E. Patrick , Baik Byung‐Kee 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesHard red wheat bran and hard white wheat bran were prehydrated and treated with cellulase, xylanase, or cellulase + xylanase to mitigate the adverse effects of bran on the bread‐baking quality of whole wheat meals.FindingsThe hydration of bran with cellulase increased its soluble sugar content and decreased its soluble and insoluble fiber contents. Bran hydration with cellulase + xylanase was more effective at increasing soluble sugar and lowering insoluble fiber, indicating more extensive degradation of cell wall materials. The compositional changes of bran induced by hydration with cellulase or cellulase + xylanase affected the starch pasting and dough mixing properties of the flour–bran blends, showing delayed/inhibited starch gelatinization and decreased water absorption during dough development. A higher loaf volume was observed in bread containing bran hydrated with a low dose of xylanase or cellulase + xylanase in hard red wheat and in bread containing bran hydrated with low‐dose xylanase in hard white wheat.ConclusionsThe prehydration of wheat bran with enzymes could effectively improve the baking quality of whole wheat meals prepared from flour–bran blends by inducing changes in the composition of bran and subsequently in the physicochemical properties of starch and gluten.Significance and noveltyThe prehydration of wheat bran with enzymes can be an effective approach for enhancing whole wheat bread processing.
Volatile compounds profile of Brazilian aromatic brown rice genotypes and its cooking quality characteristics
Authors: Hoffmann Jessica Fernanda , Bassinello Priscila Zaczuk , Colombari Filho José Manoel , Lindemann Igor da Silva , Elias Moacir Cardoso , Takeoka Gary R. , Vanier Nathan Levien 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesThis study evaluated the volatile profile by solid‐phase microextraction (SPME)‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the cooking quality properties of seven aromatic and one non‐aromatic rice genotypes grown in Brazil.FindingsTwenty‐three volatile compounds were identified by SPME‐GC/MS analysis. PCA and PLS‐DA allowed the separation of aromatic and non‐aromatic genotypes. PLS‐DA analysis revealed six compounds as discriminating between groups: 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline (2‐AP), decanal, 2‐hexanone, 2‐pentylfuran, 1‐hexanol, and hexanal. 2‐AP was detected only in aromatic genotypes, and the content varied from 0.21 to 0.57 µg/g. Cooking time changed from 23.5 to 38.3 min in the new aromatic genotypes while hardness changed from 52.7 to 100.7 N.ConclusionsOur study revealed six volatile compounds as discriminants between aromatic and non‐aromatic genotypes grown in Brazil. 2‐AP was identified only in aromatic genotypes. Genotype BR5 exhibited the best general performance since their volatile compounds results indicate less off‐flavors (hexanal), higher 2‐AP content, and similar cooking time and hardness to IRG and JAS.Significance and noveltyResults may help rice chain in selecting Brazilian genotypes of aromatic rice to be grown in Brazil and distributed worldwide. Also, this work may serve as a starting point for future work on aromatic rice authenticity.