bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provider–Patient Communication about Prescription Drug Abuse: A Qualitative Analysis of the Perspective of Prescribers
Authors: Mathis Stephanie M. , Hagaman Angela , Hagemeier Nicholas , Baker Katie , Pack Robert P. 
Published: August 2019

Background Provider–patient communication underpins many initiatives aimed at reducing the public health burden associated with prescription drug abuse in the United States. The purpose of this qualitative analysis was to examine the characteristics of provider–patient communication about prescription drug abuse from the perspective of prescribers. Methods From 2014 to 2015, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of prescribers from multiple professions and medical fields in Central and South Central Appalachia. The interviews were conducted using a guide informed by Social Cognitive Theory and community theory research, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis, facilitated by NVivo 10 software, was used to generate themes. Results Prescribers described 3 primary communication patterns with patients related to prescription drug abuse—informative, counteractive, and supportive. Prescribers also reported multiple factors—personal (e.g., education, experiences, and feelings of tension) and environmental (e.g., relationship with a patient, clinical resources, and policies on controlled prescription drugs)—that affect provider–patient communication and, by association, delivery of patient care related to prescription drug abuse. Conclusions The findings suggest that provider–patient communication about prescription drug abuse is multidimensional and dynamic, characterized by multiple communication patterns and contributory factors. They have implications for (1) research aimed at advancing theoretical understanding of prescriber prescription drug abuse communication behaviors with patients and (2) interventions aimed at strengthening prescriber prescription drug abuse communication behaviors with patients.
Bayesian pharmacokinetic modeling of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: validation and application
Authors: Mittermeier Andreas , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Ricke Jens , Dietrich Olaf , Ingrisch Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Tracer-kinetic analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging data is commonly performed with the well-known Tofts model and nonlinear least squares (NLLS) regression. This approach yields point estimates of model parameters, uncertainty of these estimates can be assessed e.g. by an additional bootstrapping analysis. Here, we present a Bayesian probabilistic modeling approach for tracer-kinetic analysis with a Tofts model, which yields posterior probability distributions of perfusion parameters and therefore promises a robust and information-enriched alternative based on a framework of probability distributions. In this manuscript, we use the quantitative imaging biomarkers alliance (QIBA) Tofts phantom to evaluate the Bayesian tofts model (BTM) against a bootstrapped NLLS approach. Furthermore, we demonstrate how Bayesian posterior probability distributions can be employed to assess treatment response in a breast cancer DCE-MRI dataset using Cohen’s d. Accuracy and precision of the BTM posterior distributions were validated and found to be in good agreement with the NLLS approaches, and assessment of therapy response with respect to uncertainty in parameter estimates was found to be excellent. In conclusion, the Bayesian modeling approach provides an elegant means to determine uncertainty via posterior distributions within a single step and provides honest information about changes in parameter estimates.
Estimation of Peatland Distribution Using Ratio Dual-pol from Sentinel-1A
Authors: Putiamini S , Marpaung F , Fernando D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In Indonesia, forests fires particularly in tropical peatland have are a major problem unresolved. These conditions need a strong peatland management to control and reduce forest fires. Monitoring peatland conditions are crucial for the actions. Additionally, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images have wide applications in remote sensing and mapping. It utilized area when meteorological conditions are not suitable for acquirement of optical data. In this research, we used a dual-pol (VV and VH) Sentinel-1A and estimated soil moisture of peat in Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia using a modified Dubois Inversion. At the site, soil moisture at the four selected segments (namely, A1, A2, D1 and J1) are also measured in May 2017. Results show that the peatland areas have a ratio of polarimetric features (VH/VV) of 1.5 to 1.6.
Solution-based synthesis of kesterite thin film semiconductors
Authors: Todorov T , Hillhouse H W , Aazou S , Sekkat Z , Vigil-Galán O , Deshmukh S D , Agrawal R , Bourdais S , Valdés M , Arnou P , Mitzi D B , Dale P J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Large-scale deployment of photovoltaic modules is required to power our renewable energy future. Kesterite, Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4, is a p-type semiconductor absorber layer with a tunable bandgap consisting of earth abundant elements, and is seen as a potential ‘drop-in’ replacement to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 in thin film solar cells. Currently, the record light-to-electrical power conversion efficiency (PCE) of kesterite-based devices is 12.6%, for which the absorber layer has been solution-processed. This efficiency must be increased if kesterite technology is to help power the future. Therefore two questions arise: what is the best way to synthesize the film? And how to improve the device efficiency? Here, we focus on the first question from a solution-based synthesis perspective. The main strategy is to mix all the elements together initially and coat them on a surface, followed by annealing in a reactive chalcogen atmosphere to react, grow grains and sinter the film. The main difference between the methods presented here is how easily the solvent, ligands, and anions are removed. Impurities impair the ability to achieve high performance (>∼10% PCE) in kesterite devices. Hydrazine routes offer the least impurities, but have environmental and safety concerns associated with hydrazine. Aprotic and protic based molecular inks are environmentally friendlier and less toxic, but they require the removal of organic and halogen species associated with the solvent and precursors, which is challenging but possible. Nanoparticle routes consisting of kesterite (or binary chalcogenides) particles require the removal of stabilizing ligands from their surfaces. Electrodeposited layers contain few impurities but are sometimes difficult to make compositionally uniform over large areas, and for metal deposited layers, they have to go through several solid-state reaction steps to form kesterite. Hence, each method has distinct advantages and disadvantages. We review the state-of-the art of each and provide perspective on the different strategies.
Successful ageing from old to very old: a longitudinal study of 12,432 women from Australia
Authors: Byles Julie E , Rahman Md Mijanur , Princehorn Emily M , Holliday Elizabeth G , Leigh Lucy , Loxton Deborah , Beard John , Kowal Paul , Jagger Carol 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
We examined the development of disease and disability in a large cohort of older women, the extent to which these conditions exempt them from being classified as successful agers and different trajectories of disease, disability and longevity across women’s later life.

Methods
We used survey data from 12,432 participants of the 1921–26 birth cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women’s Health from 1996 (age 70–75) to 2016 (age 90–95). Repeated measures latent class analysis (RMLCA) identified trajectories of the development of disease with or without disability and according to longevity. Bivariate analyses and multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association between participants’ baseline characteristics and membership of the latent classes.

Results
Over one-third of women could be considered to be successful agers when in their early 70s, few women could still be classified in this category throughout their later life or by the end of the study when they were in their 90s (~1%). RMLCA identified six trajectory groups including managed agers long survivors (9.0%) with disease but little disability, usual agers long survivors (14.9%) with disease and disability, usual agers (26.6%) and early mortality (25.7%). A small group of women having no major disease or disability well into their 80s were identified as successful agers (5.5%). A final group, missing surveys (18.3%), had a high rate of non-death attrition. Groups were differentiated by a number of social and health factors including marital status, education, smoking, body mass index, exercise and social support.

Conclusions
The study shows different trajectories of disease and disability in a cohort of ageing women, over time and through to very old ages. While some women continue into very old age with no disease or disability, many more women live long with disease but little disability, remaining independent beyond their capacity to be classified as successful agers.
Climate change, individual emissions and agent-regret
Authors: Svoboda Toby 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Some philosophers (e.g. Walter Sinnott-Armstrong) are skeptical that individuals are morally blameworthy for their own greenhouse gas emissions. Although an individual’s emissions may contribute to climate change that is on the whole very harmful, perhaps that contribution is too trivial to render it morally impermissible. Against this view, there have been attempts (e.g. by John Nolt) to show that an individual’s lifetime emissions cause non-trivial harm, but in this paper I will consider what follows if it is true that an individual is not blameworthy for her emissions. Specifically, I ask how a non-blameworthy emitter would best regard (in a moral sense) his or her own emissions. I will argue that the appropriate attitude to adopt here is one of agent-regret. This allows us to capture the moral disvalue of one’s emissions without entailing blame for them.
Machine learning empowers phosphoproteome prediction in cancers
Authors: Li Hongyang , Guan Yuanfang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Reversible protein phosphorylation is an essential post-translational modification regulating protein functions and signaling pathways in many cellular processes. Aberrant activation of signaling pathways often contributes to cancer development and progression. The mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics technique is a powerful tool to investigate the site-level phosphorylation of the proteome in a global fashion, paving the way for understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying cancers. However, this approach is time-consuming and requires expensive instruments, specialized expertise and a large amount of starting material. An alternative in silico approach is predicting the phosphoproteomic profiles of cancer patients from the available proteomic, transcriptomic and genomic data.

Results
Here, we present a winning algorithm in the 2017 NCI-CPTAC DREAM Proteogenomics Challenge for predicting phosphorylation levels of the proteome across cancer patients. We integrate four components into our algorithm, including (i) baseline correlations between protein and phosphoprotein abundances, (ii) universal protein–protein interactions, (iii) shareable regulatory information across cancer tissues and (iv) associations among multi-phosphorylation sites of the same protein. When tested on a large held-out testing dataset of 108 breast and 62 ovarian cancer samples, our method ranked first in both cancer tissues, demonstrating its robustness and generalization ability.

Availability and implementation
Our code and reproducible results are freely available on GitHub: https://github.com/GuanLab/phosphoproteome_prediction.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Call to Action: The Role of Antiretroviral Stewardship in Inpatient Practice, a Joint Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, HIV Medicine Association, and American Academy of HIV Medicine
Authors: Koren David E , Scarsi Kimberly K , Farmer Eric K , Cha Agnes , Adams Jessica L , Pandit Neha Sheth , Chang Jennifer , Scott James , Hardy W David 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and others receiving antiretrovirals are at risk for medication errors during hospitalization and at transitions of care. These errors may result in adverse effects or viral resistance, limiting future treatment options. A range of interventions is described in the literature to decrease the occurrence or duration of medication errors, including review of electronic health records, clinical checklists at care transitions, and daily review of medication lists. To reduce the risk of medication-related errors, antiretroviral stewardship programs (ARVSPs) are needed to enhance patient safety. This call to action, endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the HIV Medicine Association, and the American Academy of HIV Medicine, is modeled upon the success of antimicrobial stewardship programs now mandated by the Joint Commission. Herein, we propose definitions of ARVSPs, suggest resources for ARVSP leadership, and provide a summary of published, successful strategies for ARVSP that healthcare facilities may use to develop locally appropriate programs.
Monitoring transcellular fluid shifts during episodes of intradialytic hypotension using bioimpedance spectroscopy
Authors: Ismail Abdul Hamid , Gross Theresa , Schlieper Georg , Walter Marian , Eitner Frank , Floege Jürgen , Leonhardt Steffen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Transcellular fluid shifts during dialysis treatment could be related to the frequency and severity of intradialytic hypotension (IDH). We investigated that (i) in addition to ultrafiltration, extracellular fluid (ECF) is further depleted by transcellular fluid shifts and (ii) changes in intracellular fluid (ICF), which have been overlooked so far, or if they were considered, are not understood, might be due to these fluid shifts.

Methods
Thirty-six patients were categorized as haemodynamically stable, asymptomatic IDH or unstable (symptomatic IDH) according to their changes in systolic blood pressure and associated clinical symptoms. Their intradialytic changes in body fluids were studied using bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements and compared among groups.

Results
For IDH-prone patients, data showed a rapid drop in ECF that was more than expected from the ultrafiltration rate (UFR) profile and was associated with a significant increase in ICF (P = 0.001). Study of accumulative loss profiles of ECF revealed a loss in ECF up to 300 ml, more than that predicted from UFR for unstable patients.

Conclusions
The considerable discrepancy between the expected and measured loss in ECF might provide evidence of transcellular fluid shifts possibly induced by changes in plasma osmolarity due to haemodialysis. Moreover, the results suggest a pattern of fluid removal in IDH-prone patients that significantly differs from that in haemodynamically stable patients.
Effects of body weight variation in obese kidney recipients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Montero Nuria , Quero Maria , Arcos Emma , Comas Jordi , Rama Inés , Lloberas Núria , Coloma Ana , Meneghini Maria , Manonelles Anna , Melilli Edoardo , Bestard Oriol , Tort Jaume , Cruzado Josep M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Obese kidney allograft recipients have worse results in kidney transplantation (KT). However, there is lack of information regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) variation after KT. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of body weight changes in obese kidney transplant recipients.

Methods
In this study we used data from the Catalan Renal Registry that included KT recipients from 1990 to 2011 (n = 5607). The annual change in post-transplantation BMI was calculated. The main outcome variables were delayed graft function (DGF), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and patient and graft survival.

Results
Obesity was observed in 609 patients (10.9%) at the time of transplantation. The incidence of DGF was significantly higher in obese patients (40.4% versus 28.3%; P &lt; 0.001). Baseline obesity was significantly associated with worse short- and long-term graft survival (P &lt; 0.05) and worse graft function during the follow-up (P &lt; 0.005). BMI variations in obese patients did not improve eGFR or graft or patient survival.

Conclusions
Our conclusion is that in obese patients, decreasing body weight after KT does not improve either short-term graft outcomes or long-term renal function.
Complications While Waiting for IBD Surgery—Short Report
Authors: Wasmann Karin A ,   IBD study group Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Buskens Christianne J , Bemelman Willem A , Hompes Roel , Tanis Pieter J , D’Haens Geert R A M , Dolmaci Onur B , Groen Jip , van der Bilt Jarmila , Ponsioen Cyriel I J , Duijvestein Marjolijn , Lowenberg Mark , Wildenberg Manon E , Gecse Krisztina B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
While striving to meet the quality standards for oncological care, hospitals frequently prioritize oncological procedures, resulting in longer waiting times to surgery for benign diseases like inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The aim of this Short Report is to highlight the potential consequences of a longer interval to surgery for IBD patients.

Methods
The mean waiting times to elective surgery for IBD patients with active and inactive disease [e.g. pouch surgery after subtotal colectomy] at the Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, between 2013 and 2015 were compared with those for colorectal cancer surgery. Correlations between IBD waiting times and disease complications [e.g. &gt;5% weight loss, abscess formation] and additional health-care consumption [e.g. telephone/outpatient clinic appointment, hospital admission] during these waiting times were assessed.

Results
The mean waiting was 10 weeks [SD 8] for patients with active disease [n = 173] and 15 weeks [SD 16] for those with inactive disease [n = 97], remarkably higher than that for colorectal cancer patients [5 weeks]. While awaiting surgery, 1 out of 8 patients had to undergo surgery in an acute or semi-acute setting. Additionally, 19% of patients with active disease had disease complications, and 44% needed additional health care. The rates were comparable for patients with inactive disease.

Conclusions
The current waiting time to surgery is not medically justified and creates a burden for health-care resources. This issue should be brought to the attention of policy makers, as it requires a structural solution. It is time to also set a maximally acceptable waiting time to surgery for IBD patients.
Mental health system costs, resources and constraints in South Africa: a national survey
Authors: Docrat Sumaiyah , Besada Donela , Cleary Susan , Daviaud Emmanuelle , Lund Crick 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The inclusion of mental health in the Sustainable Development Goals represents a global commitment to include mental health among the highest health and development priorities for investment. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as South Africa, contemplating mental health system scale-up embedded into wider universal health coverage-related health system transformations, require detailed and locally derived estimates on existing mental health system resources and constraints. The absence of these data has limited scale-up efforts to address the burden of mental disorders in most LMICs. We conducted a national survey to quantify public expenditure on mental health and evaluate the constraints of the South African mental health system. The study found that South Africa’s public mental health expenditure in the 2016/17 financial year was USD615.3 million, representing 5.0% of the total public health budget (provincial range: 2.1–7.7% of provincial health budgets) and USD13.3 per capita uninsured. Inpatient care represented 86% of mental healthcare expenditure, with nearly half of total mental health spending occurring at the psychiatric hospital-level. Almost one-quarter of mental health inpatients are readmitted to hospital within 3 months of a previous discharge, costing the public health system an estimated USD112 million. Crude estimates indicate that only 0.89% and 7.35% of the uninsured population requiring care received some form of public inpatient and outpatient mental healthcare, during the study period. Further, mental health human resource availability, infrastructure and medication supply are significant constraints to the realization of the country’s progressive mental health legislation. For the first time, this study offers a nationally representative reflection of the state of mental health spending and elucidates inefficiencies and constraints emanating from existing mental health investments in South Africa. With this information at hand, the government now has a baseline for which a rational process to planning for system reforms can be initiated.
Inclusion of jellyfish in 30+ years of Ecopath with Ecosim models
Authors: Lamb Philip D , Hunter Ewan , Pinnegar John K , Doyle Thomas K , Creer Simon , Taylor Martin I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A review of the functional role of jellyfish in Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) models by Pauly et al. [Pauly, D., Graham, W., Libralato, S., Morissette, L., and Deng Palomares, M. L. 2009. Jellyfish in ecosystems, online databases, and ecosystem models. Hydrobiologia, 616: 67–85.] a decade ago concluded that recreation of jellyfish population dynamics in models required additional ecological research and the careful consideration of their unique biology during model construction. Here, amidst calls for ecosystem-based management and the growing recognition of jellyfishes' role in foodwebs, we investigate how jellyfish are implemented in EwE models and identify areas requiring improvement. Over time, an increasing percentage of models have included jellyfish. Jellyfish were often linked to the wider ecosystem, with many predators and prey included in models. However, ecotrophic efficiency, a measure of the extent to which they are used by higher trophic levels, was frequently set at low values, suggesting that jellyfish are still perceived as under-utilized components of the ecosystem. Moving forward, greater care should be taken to differentiate the functional roles played by ctenophores, cnidarians, and pelagic tunicates. Additionally, when feasible, early life stages should be incorporated as multi-stanza groups to more accurately depict jellyfishes' complex life cycle.