bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of Cry1Ab in the Bt maize – aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) – ladybeetle (Propylea japonica) system has no adverse effects on insect biological parameters
Authors: Shu Yinghua , Du Yan , Wang Jianwu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTransgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) crops receive particular attention because they carry genes encoding insecticidal proteins that might negatively affect non‐target arthropods. Here, laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of Cry1Ab‐expressing transgenic maize [5422Bt1 (event Bt11) and 5422CBCL (MON810)] on the biological parameters of two non‐target arthropods, the aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its predator the ladybeetle Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). In a long‐term assay (three generations), no significant differences were found between R. maidis fed Bt maize and those fed a near‐isogenic line (5422) when individual parameters were compared, including nymph development time, adult longevity, aphid spawning period, and fecundity. No negative effects were detected throughout the life cycle of P. japonica in aphids’ feeding amount, development (nymphs, pupae, adults, and progeny eggs), fecundity, or egg hatching when they preyed on Bt maize‐fed aphids compared with non‐Bt maize treatments. A tritrophic assay revealed that Cry1Ab was highly diluted through the food chain (Bt maize leaves, R. maidis, and P. japonica), as detected by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In conclusion, although Cry1Ab concentrations in maize leaves increased as the plants developed, Cry1Ab levels were significantly reduced in the aphid R. maidis, and no traces of Cry1Ab were detected in P. japonica preying on Bt maize‐fed aphids. The two hybrids of Bt maize expressing Cry1Ab had no negative effects on the measured biological parameters of the aphid R. maidis or its predator, the ladybeetle P. japonica.
Subsaturation of the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor glycine site allows the regulation of bursting activity in juvenile rat nigral dopamine neurons
Authors: Destreel Geoffrey , Seutin Vincent , Engel Dominique 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe activation of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine (DA) cells is central to generate the bursting activity, a phasic signal linked to DA‐related behaviours via the change in postsynaptic DA release. NMDARs are recruited during excitatory synaptic transmission by glutamate release, but the glycine site level of occupancy of these receptors during basal action potential‐dependent activity is not known for SNc DA neurons. We explored NMDAR‐dependent signals during exogenous applications of co‐agonists in midbrain slices from juvenile rats. We found that both glycine and D‐serine strengthened the NMDAR‐dependent component of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in a concentration‐dependent manner. EPSCs were also increased by endogenous glycine via the blockade of the glycine transport. The glycine site of NMDARs contributing to synaptic transmission is therefore subsaturated. The behaviourally relevant burst firing was more sensitive to exogenous D‐serine and endogenous glycine than to exogenous glycine. The mechanisms regulating the availability of the co‐agonists exert consequently a critical influence on the excitability of DA neurons via NMDARs. The modulation of the phasic firing in DA neurons by ambient NMDAR co‐agonists may be important for nigral information processing and downstream motor‐related behaviour.
Comparison of published risk models for prediction of outcome in patients with extrameningeal solitary fibrous tumour
Authors: Demicco Elizabeth G , Griffin Anthony M , Gladdy Rebecca A , Dickson Brendan C , Ferguson Peter C , Swallow Carol J , Wunder Jay S , Wang Wei‐Lien 
Published: June 2019

AimsSolitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are fibroblastic mesenchymal tumours with a 10–30% metastatic rate. Several risk models have been proposed for extrameningeal SFT, but they have not been evaluated in direct comparison with each other. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of published risk models in a multi‐institutional SFT cohort.Methods and resultsClinicopathological data were evaluated for a cohort of extrameningeal SFTs, and used to stratify tumours by the use of five proposed risk models designed for soft tissue and/or pleural SFT [modified Demicco, Pasquali, Salas overall survival (OS), Salas metastasis, and Salas local recurrence (LR)]. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess OS, time to first metastasis, time to first LR, and recurrence‐free survival (RFS). The study included 303 patients (109 from a referral cancer treatment centre; previously described in the original Demicco model) and an independent cohort from two large hospitals (n = 194). The median patient age was 54 years, and the median clinical follow‐up (available for 220 patients) was 37 months. The independent cohort had a 13% risk of metastasis at 5 years and a 16% risk of metastasis at 10 years. In this cohort, the modified Demicco, Salas OS, and Salas metastasis models predicted metastasis and RFS, whereas the Pasquali model had the best correlation with OS.ConclusionsMultivariate risk models that include mitotic rate and patient age can more accurately predict aggressive behaviour in SFTs, with the modified Demicco and Salas OS risk models showing the best correlation with metastasis and RFS.
In Human Immunodeficiency Virus primary infection, early combined antiretroviral therapy reduced γδ T‐cell activation but failed to restore their polyfunctionality
Authors: Casetti Rita , Sacchi Alessandra , Bordoni Veronica , Grassi Germana , Cimini Eleonora , Besi Francesca , Pinnetti Carmela , Mondi Annalisa , Antinori Andrea , Agrati Chiara 
Published: June 2019

SummaryPrimary and chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection alters γδ T‐cell features. However, there is no evidence about early combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and γδ T‐cell dynamics. In the present study, HIV‐positive individuals were divided into those with early primary infection (EPI) and those with late primary infection (LPI). The analysis of γδ T cells was performed by flow cytometry before and after therapy. Polyfunctional profile was assessed after in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) exposure to specific antigens. The results show that primary infection induced an expansion of Vδ1 T cells in LPI. Before treatment, a massive activation of γδ T‐cell subsets was observed in both groups of patients, that correlated with disease progression and was significantly reduced after cART introduction. Despite this, CD107A‐expressing Vδ1 T cells in both groups were significantly fewer than in healthy donors, but were restored by therapy introduction. Polyfunctional analysis of Vδ1 T cells from HIV‐positive individuals revealed a lower frequency of CD107A+ CCL‐4+ Vδ1 T‐cell subsets than healthy donors that persists after therapy. Functional profile of Vδ2 was similar to that in healthy donors before therapy but, at 6 months, a lower frequency of CD107A, interferon‐γ‐ or tumor necrosis factor‐α‐producing Vδ2 T cells was observed in the EPI group. Finally, individuals with LPI showed a lower frequency of quadruple‐functional Vδ2 T‐cell subset. In conclusion, during primary HIV infection, the baseline Vδ1 T‐cell activation is correlated with immune reconstitution potential. Moreover, an altered γδ polyfunctional profile occurred, persisting after cART. Further studies are needed to understand whether a longer treatment of primary infection may increase γδ T‐cell functionality.
The association of infant crying, feeding, and sleeping problems and inhibitory control with attention regulation at school age
Authors: Baumann Nicole , Jaekel Julia , Breeman Linda , Bartmann Peter , Bäuml Josef G. , Avram Mihai , Sorg Christian , Wolke Dieter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRegulatory problems in infancy and toddlerhood have previously been associated with an increased risk of developing attention problems in childhood. We hypothesized that early regulatory problems are associated with attention problems via reduced inhibitory control. This prospective study assessed 1,459 children from birth to 8 years. Crying, feeding, and sleeping problems were assessed at 5 and 20 months via parent interviews and neurological examinations. At 20 months, inhibitory control was tested with a behavioral (snack delay) task. Attention regulation was assessed at 6 and 8 years using multiple instruments and informants. Detrimental effects of crying, feeding, and sleeping problems on attention regulation were partly mediated by children's ability to inhibit unwanted behaviors (β = −0.04, p = 0.013). Accounting for cognition diminished this indirect effect (β = −0.01, p = 0.209). Instead, the effects of crying, feeding, and sleeping problems on attention regulation were fully mediated by children's cognitive functioning (β = −0.10, p < 0.001). These results support that inhibitory control abilities partly mediate effects of crying, feeding, and sleeping problems. However, these effects may be accounted for by children's general cognitive abilities. Early regulatory problems may set infants on a course of under control of behavior into school age, and such trajectories are highly associated with general cognitive development.
Systems leadership doctor of nursing practice: global relevance
Authors: Chavez F. , Kelly T. , Kunisch J.R. , Kurth A. 
Published: June 2019

AimThis article considers the systems leadership doctor of nursing practice degree as an option to increase nursing leadership roles and heighten presence at policy tables globally, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Recent global reports emphasize core competencies needed for nursing leadership, particularly systems leadership and health policy, to successfully move the global health agenda forward. Using the Yale University School of Nursing programme as an exemplar, this paper is focused on the elements directly linked to leadership competencies and relevance of a systems leadership doctor of nursing practice programme globally.Background/IntroductionThe dramatic growth and wide variability of doctor of nursing practice programmes offered in all 50 US States have generated questions and debate. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing as of May 2018, there are 121 schools that reported having a leadership focus in postmaster's doctor of nursing practice degree offering. Yet there has not been the same enthusiasm for development and implementation for a practice doctorate in nursing across the globe.Sources of evidenceA narrative literature review was conducted aimed at addressing the relevance of a practice doctorate globally. This analysis of the literature included a search of peer‐reviewed and grey literature. Nursing school websites were visited, and opinions of nurse leaders and students were sought. In addition, global reports that supported nursing leadership and their role in policy development were reviewed.Discussion/ConclusionGlobally, nurses have a critical role in leading health systems. Developing a cadre of nurse leaders educated at the doctoral level who can communicate with policymakers and develop strategies to meet health systems’ goals is necessary.Implications for nursing, health and education policyIn recent global health reports and campaigns, strengthening nursing leadership and presence at policymaking tables are recurring themes. Offering a systems leadership doctor of nursing practice degree is one viable option to increase doctorally prepared nurse leaders for nursing policy and practice engagement. This calls for work with country and regional governments, regulatory bodies and nursing associations to empower nursing to contribute fully.
Evaluation of using ICD‐10 code data for respiratory syncytial virus surveillance
Authors: Cai Wei , Tolksdorf Kristin , Hirve Siddhivinayak , Schuler Ekkehard , Zhang Wenqing , Haas Walter , Buda Silke 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in young children. ICD‐10‐based syndromic surveillance can transmit data rapidly in a standardized way.ObjectivesWe investigated the use of RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes for RSV surveillance.MethodsWe performed a retrospective descriptive data analysis based on existing ICD‐10‐based surveillance systems for ALRI in primary and secondary care and a linked virological surveillance in Germany. We described RSV epidemiology and compared the epidemiological findings based on ICD‐10 and virological data. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes and in combination with ICD‐10 codes for acute respiratory infections (ARI) for the identification of laboratory‐confirmed RSV infections.ResultsBased on the ICD‐10 and virological data, epidemiology of RSV was described, and common findings were found. The RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes had poor sensitivity 6% (95%‐CI: 3%‐12%) and high specificity 99.8% (95%‐CI: 99.6%‐99.9%). In children <5 years and in RSV seasons, the sensitivities of RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes combined with general ALRI ICD‐10 codes J18.‐, J20.‐ and with J12.‐, J18.‐, J20.‐, J21.‐, J22 were moderate (44%, 95%‐CI: 30%‐59%). The specificities of both combinations remained high (91%, 95%‐CI: 86%‐94%; 90%, 95%‐CI: 85%‐94%).ConclusionsThe use of RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes may be a useful indicator to describe RSV epidemiology. However, RSV‐specific ICD‐10 codes underestimate the number of actual RSV infections. This can be overcome by combining RSV‐specific and general ALRI ICD‐10 codes. Further investigations are required to validate this approach in other settings.
Cold atmospheric plasma promotes different types of superficial skin erosion wounds healing
Authors: Gao Jing , Wang Liyun , Xia Chuankai , Yang Xingyu , Cao Zhicheng , Zheng Lei , Ko Randy , Shen Changbing , Yang Chunjun , Cheng Cheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSuperficial skin erosion wounds are very common in the clinic, and conventional treatments are not always effective; thus, effective and novel therapy is needed. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been recognised as a promising approach to wound healing. The purpose of this study is to show the potential clinical application of CAP for the healing of different kinds of superficial skin wounds. Seven patients with different kinds of superficial skin wounds (two patients with pyoderma gangrenosum, two patients with trauma would, one patient with giant genital wart, one patient with diabetic foot, and one patient with chronic eczema) were recruited to this study. All patients accepted and received CAP treatment every other day till the wound healed. The expected results were complete wound healing after CAP treatment. All patients achieved complete wound healing after several rounds (range from two to eight) of CAP treatment, and there was no side effect observed. CAP may provide a new and effective choice to solve the problem of the healing of superficial wounds that are not only caused by trauma but also because of eczema. CAP has certain value in the treatment of superficial skin diseases in the future.
Retracted: microRNA‐374 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of mouse melanoma cells by inactivating the Wnt signalling pathway through its effect on tyrosinase
Authors: Li Xiao‐Jing , Li Zhi‐Feng , Xu Yan‐Yan , Han Zhao , Liu Zhi‐Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMelanoma is one of the most malignant skin tumours with constantly increasing incidence worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA‐374 (miR‐374) is a novel biomarker for cancer therapy. Therefore, this study explores whether miR‐374 targeting tyrosinase (TYR) affects melanoma and its underlying mechanism. We constructed subcutaneous melanoma models to carry out the following experiments. The cells were transfected with a series of miR‐374 mimics, miR‐374 inhibitors or siRNA against TYR. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used for the verification of the targeting relationship between miR‐374 and TYR. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were conducted to determine the expression of miR‐374, TYR, β‐catenin, B‐cell leukaemia 2 (Bcl‐2), Bcl‐2 associated X protein (Bax), Low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 6 (LRP6), Leucine‐rich repeat G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and CyclinD1. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated using cell counting kit‐8 assay, scratch test, transwell assay and flow cytometry respectively. TYR was proved as a putative target of miR‐374 as the evidenced by the result. It was observed that up‐regulated miR‐374 or down‐regulated TYR increased expression of Bax and decreased expressions of TYR, β‐catenin, LRP6, Bcl‐2, CyclinD1 and LGR5, along with diminished cell proliferation, migration, invasion and enhanced apoptosis. Meanwhile, cells with miR‐374 inhibitors showed an opposite trend. These findings indicated that up‐regulated miR‐374 could inhibit the expression of TYR to suppress cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promote cell apoptosis in melanoma cells by inhibiting the Wnt signalling pathway.
Knockdown of LncRNA SCAMP1 suppressed malignant biological behaviours of glioma cells via modulating miR‐499a‐5p/LMX1A/NLRC5 pathway
Authors: Zong Zheqi , Song Yichen , Xue Yixue , Ruan Xuelei , Liu Xiaobai , Yang Chunqing , Zheng Jian , Cao Shuo , Li Zhen , Liu Yunhui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDysregulation of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) confirm that it plays a crucial role in tumourigenesis and malignant progression of glioma. The present study demonstrated that LncRNA secretory carrier membrane protein 1 (SCAMP1) was up‐regulated and functioned as an oncogene in glioma cells. In addition, miR‐499a‐5p was down‐regulated meanwhile exerted tumour‐suppressive function in glioma cells. Subsequently, inhibition of SCAMP1 significantly restrained the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as promoted apoptosis by acting as a molecular sponge of miR‐499a‐5p. Transcription factor LIM homeobox transcription factor 1, alpha (LMX1A) was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cells. Moreover, miR‐499a‐5p targeted LMX1A 3′‐UTR in a sequence‐specific manner. Hence, down‐regulation of SCAMP1 remarkably reduced the expression level of LMX1A, indicating that LMX1A participated in miR‐499a‐5p‐induced tumour‐suppressive effects on glioma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of LMX1A decreased NLR family, CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) mRNA and protein expression levels through directly binding to the NLRC5 promoter region. Down‐regulation of NLRC5 obviously inhibited malignant biological behaviours of glioma cells through attenuating the activity of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. In conclusion, our study clarifies that SCAMP1/miR‐499a‐5p/LMX1A/NLRC5 axis plays a critical role in modulating malignant progression of glioma cells, which provide a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma treatment.
The toxic effect of cytostatics on primary cilia frequency and multiciliation
Authors: Filipová Alžběta , Diaz Garcia Daniel , Bezrouk Aleš , Čížková Dana , Dvořák Josef , Filip Stanislav , Sturge Justin , Dayanithi Govindan , Šinkorová Zuzana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe primary cilium is considered as a key component of morphological cellular stability. However, cancer cells are notorious for lacking primary cilia in most cases, depending upon the tumour type. Previous reports have shown the effect of starvation and cytostatics on ciliogenesis in normal and cancer cells although with limited success, especially when concerning the latter. In this study, we evaluated the presence and frequency of primary cilia in breast fibroblasts and in triple‐negative breast cancer cells after treatment with cytostatics finding that, in the case of breast fibroblasts, primary cilia were detected at their highest incidence 72 hours after treatment with 120 nM doxorubicin. Further, multiciliated cells were also detected after treatment with 80 nM doxorubicin. On the other hand, treatment with taxol increased the number of ciliated cells only at low concentrations (1.25 and 3.25 nM) and did not induce multiciliation. Interestingly, triple‐negative breast cancer cells did not present primary cilia after treatment with either doxorubicin or taxol. This is the first study reporting the presence of multiple primary cilia in breast fibroblasts induced by doxorubicin. However, the null effect of these cytostatics on primary cilia incidence in the evaluated triple negative breast carcinomas cell lines requires further research.
Microbiota of Telenomus tridentatus (Platygastroidea: Scelionidae): An unwanted parasitoid
Authors: de Lourdes Ramírez‐Ahuja María , Gómez‐Govea Mayra A. , Lugo‐Trampe Angel , Borrego‐Soto Gissela , Delgado‐Enciso Iván , Ponce‐Garcia Gustavo , Martínez‐Fierro Margarita L. , Ramírez‐Valles Eda G. , Treviño Víctor , Flores‐Suarez Adriana E. , Rodríguez‐Sanchez Iram P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe microbiota of Hymenoptera is limited to certain bacterial species that vary according to the habitat and diet; however, the bacterial populations are not known in Telenomus tridentatus Johnson & Bin, an egg parasitoid of agricultural importance. We determined the microbiota composition of adults of T. tridentatus using next‐generation sequencing technologies. We found the presence of the Phylums Proteobacteria, in greater proportion followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. The most abundant species were Cutibacterium acnes, Aquabacterium sp. and Massilia sp. The results of this study could lead to investigating the importance of symbiotic bacteria in T. tridentatus and its relation with agricultural plantations.
Polyphenol oxidase inactivation in viscous fluids by ohmic heating and conventional thermal processing
Authors: Leite Thiago S. , Samaranayake Chaminda P. , Sastry Sudhir K. , Cristianini Marcelo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study investigated polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inactivation in a viscous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by ohmic processing (OH) and conventional thermal processing (CTP) at several temperatures and to assess the impact of CMC consistency on PPO inactivation. OH affects the PPO activity in temperatures higher than 50°C (reduction to 20% at 50°C, 12 min and complete inactivation after 2 min at 80°C), whereas CTP caused a significant reduction in PPO activity only above 60°C (reduction to 90% at 60°C, 8 min and complete inactivation after 2 min at 80°C). The rate of PPO inactivation by ohmic heating was higher than by CTP under all conditions tested, represented by a reduction of D70°C (OH: 3.61 min, CTP 7.32 min), except D80°C was ∼0.5 for both techniques. The Z‐value was higher for OH (14.68°C) than for CTP (8.60°C). Consistency did not have a major impact on inactivation rate.Practical ApplicationsInactivating enzymes that alter quality aspects of food products, such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), is an important objective of a food processing technology. PPO is an enzyme commonly found in fruits and vegetables that catalyzes browning reactions. Ohmic heating (OH) is a technology known for its potential for processing highly viscous products. This study corroborates the potential of OH for processing highly viscous fluids over conventional thermal processing (CTP), having a great potential to be an alternative technique to food processing. In addition, it gave more evidence of the nonthermal effects due to the electrical current during the ohmic processing.