bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma extracellular vesicle microRNAs for pulmonary ground‐glass nodules
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Tao , Qin Hao , Cheung Fiona Ka Man , Su Jian , Zhang Da‐Dong , Liu Shi‐Yi , Li Xiao‐Fang , Qin Jing , Lin Jun‐Tao , Jiang Ben‐Yuan , Dong Song , Liao Ri‐Qiang , Qiang Nie , Yang Xue‐Ning , Tu Hai‐Yan , Zhou Qing , Yang Jin‐Ji , Zhang Xu‐Chao , Zhang Ya‐Nan , Wu Yi‐Long , Zhong Wen‐Zhao 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value and molecular characteristics of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs)‐derived miRNAs for patients with solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), particularly ground‐glass nodules (GGNs). This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov under registration number NCT03230019. Small RNA sequencing was performed to assess plasma EVs miRNAs in 59 patients, including 12 patients with benign nodules (2017, training set). MiRNA profiles of 40 an additional individuals were sequenced (2018, validation set). Overall, 16 pure GGNs, 21 mixed GGNs, and 42 solid nodules were included, with paired post‐operative plasma samples available for 20 patients. The target miRNA/reference miRNA ratio was used to construct a support vector machine (SVM) model. The SVM model with the best specificity showed 100% specificity in both the training and validation sets independently. The model with the best sensitivity showed 100% and 96.9% sensitivity in the training and validation sets, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed that pure GGN distributions were distinct from those of solid nodules, and mixed GGNs had a diffuse distribution. Among differentially expressed miRNAs, miR‐500a‐3p, miR‐501‐3p, and miR‐502‐3p were upregulated in tumor tissues and enhanced overall survival. The SVM classifier accurately distinguished malignant GGNs and benign nodules. The distinct profile characteristics of miRNAs provided insights into the feasibility of EVs miRNAs as prognostic factors in lung cancer.
STUDIES IN THE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF THE PROTEINS
Authors: Cohn Edwin J. , Berggren Ruth E. L. 
Published: September 2019

On page 75, Vol. vii. No. 1, September 20, 1924, in lines 11, 18, and 27, and on page 77, under No. 4 of the Summary, in line 3, for 535 read 546.
On page 75, in line 18, for 2,140 read 2,184; in line 28, on the same page, for 12,840 read 13,104.
Deep learning-assisted classification of site-resolved quantum gas microscope images
Authors: Picard Lewis R B , Mark Manfred J , Ferlaino Francesca , van Bijnen Rick 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a novel method for the analysis of quantum gas microscope images, which uses deep learning to improve the fidelity with which lattice sites can be classified as occupied or unoccupied. Our method is especially suited to addressing the case of imaging without continuous cooling, in which the accuracy of existing threshold-based reconstruction methods is limited by atom motion and low photon counts. We devise two neural network architectures which are both able to improve upon the fidelity of threshold-based methods, following training on large data sets of simulated images. We evaluate these methods on simulations of a free-space erbium quantum gas microscope, and a noncooled ytterbium microscope in which atoms are pinned in a deep lattice during imaging. In some conditions we see reductions of up to a factor of two in the reconstruction error rate, representing a significant step forward in our efforts to implement high fidelity noncooled site-resolved imaging.
Ni(HCO3)2 nanosheet/nickel tetraphosphate (Ni(P4O11)) nanowire composite as a high-performance electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Chu Yuzhu , Zhong Jinling , Fang Zixun , Yang You , Qi Junyu , Yu Shengxue , Gu Jianmin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Nickel compounds, especially Ni(HCO3)2 (here denoted as NiC), have been widely combined with other materials to obtain composites with a more favorable structure that exhibit excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitors. Unfortunately, the complicated processes for preparing such composites directly restrict their further application. Herein, we prepared a NiC/nickel tetraphosphate (Ni(P4O11)) nanocomposite (NiC/NiP) by introducing

H

2

PO

4

−

ions into the NiC reaction system; this composite can be applied in high-performance supercapacitors. The micromorphology of NiC/NiP material displayed an appropriate combination of NiP nanowires and thin NiC nanosheets, which provide sufficient active sites, short ion diffusion paths and fast ion diffusion speeds. NiC/NiP material exhibited an excellent rate performance of 70.2% retained capacity, although the current was increased by 15 times (1196 F g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 and 840 F g−1 at 30 A g−1). The energy density of a NiC/NiP//active carbon (AC) asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated in 6 M KOH was as much as 39.02 W h kg−1 and 26.67 W h kg−1 under corresponding power densities of 160 W kg−1 and 8000 W kg−1, respectively. The asymmetric supercapacitor delivered a stable cyclic performance of 78% capacitive retention after 5000 continuous charge/discharge cycles. More importantly, a 2.5 V light-emitting diode was lit successfully by two NiC/NiP//AC asymmetric supercapacitors in series. These results confirm that NiC/NiP nanocomposite has great potential in practical applications of electrochemical energy storage devices.
Engineering effective Hamiltonians
Authors: Haas Holger , Puzzuoli Daniel , Zhang Feihao , Cory David G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the field of quantum control, effective Hamiltonian engineering is a powerful tool that utilizes perturbation theory to mitigate or enhance the effect that a variation in the Hamiltonian has on the evolution of the system. Here, we provide a general framework for computing arbitrary time-dependent perturbation theory terms, as well as their gradients with respect to control variations, enabling the use of gradient methods for optimizing these terms. In particular, we show that effective Hamiltonian engineering is an instance of a bilinear control problem—the same general problem class as that of standard unitary design—and hence the same optimization algorithms apply. We demonstrate this method in various examples, including decoupling, recoupling, and robustness to control errors and stochastic errors. We also present a control engineering example that was used in experiment, demonstrating the practical feasibility of this approach.
Interface-engineered hole doping in Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructure
Authors: Wen Fangdi , Liu Xiaoran , Zhang Qinghua , Kareev M , Pal B , Cao Yanwei , Freeland J W , N’Diaye A T , Shafer P , Arenholz E , Gu Lin , Chakhalian J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The relativistic Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 driven by large spin–orbit interaction is known for the

J

eff

=
1

/

2

antiferromagnetic state which closely resembles the electronic structure of parent compounds of superconducting cuprates. Here, we report the realization of hole-doped Sr2IrO4 by means of interfacial charge transfer in Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on Ir 4f edge along with the x-ray absorption spectroscopy at Ni L
2 edge confirmed that 5d electrons from Ir sites are transferred onto Ni sites, leading to markedly electronic reconstruction at the interface. Although the Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructure remains non-metallic, we reveal that the transport behavior is no longer described by the Mott variable range hopping mode, but by the Efros–Shklovskii model. These findings highlight a powerful utility of interfaces to realize emerging electronic states of the Ruddlesden–Popper phases of Ir-based oxides.
Does gravity have to be quantized? Lessons from non-relativistic toy models
Authors: Tilloy Antoine 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It is often argued that gravity has to be a quantum theory simply because a fundamentally semiclassical approach would necessarily be inconsistent. Here I review recent Newtonian toy models of (stochastic) semiclassical gravity. They provide one option to implement a force semiclassically without getting into the known problems associated with mean-field. These models are not complete theories and should not be considered too seriously, but their consistency shows that semiclassical gravity is hard to dismiss on purely theoretical grounds.
Causal Fermion Systems: Discrete Space-Times, Causation and Finite Propagation Speed
Authors: Finster Felix 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The theory of causal fermion systems is a recent approach to fundamental physics. Giving quantum mechanics, general relativity and quantum field theory as limiting cases, it is a candidate for a unified physical theory. The dynamics is described by a novel variational principle, the so-called causal action principle. The causal action principle does not rely on a presupposed space-time structure. Instead, it is a variational principle for space-time itself as well as for all structures in space-time (like particles, fields, etc.).
After a general motivation and introduction, we report on mathematical results for two-particle causal fermion systems which state that every minimizer describes a discrete space-time. We explain and make precise that on scales which are much larger than the scale of the microscopic space-time structures, the dynamics of a causal fermion system respects causality with a finite speed of propagation.
Quantum enhanced correlated interferometry for quantum gravity tests: the experimental set-up and the locking scheme
Authors: Pradyumna S. T. , Losero E. , Traina P. , Ruo-Berrchera I. , Degiovanni I. , Zucco M. , Genovese M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The search for Planck scale scale effect is one of holy grails of physics. In Fermilab a double Michelson interferometer was built for this purpose: the holometer. In this proceedings we review our effort to build a quantum enhanced holometer.
Lorentz boosts of bispinor Bell-like states
Authors: Bittencourt Victor A. S. V. , Blasone Massimo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We describe in this paper the effects of Lorentz boost on the quantum entanglement encoded in two-particle Dirac bispinor Bell-like states. Each particle composing the system described in this formalism has three degrees of freedom: spin, chirality, and momentum, and the joint state can be interpreted as a 6 qubit state. Given the transformation law of bispinor under boosts, we compute the change of the Meyer-Wallach global measure of quantum entanglement due to the frame transformation and study its equivalence to the results obtained for the relativistic spin 1/2 Bell-like states, constructed in the framework of the irreducible representations of the Lorentz group. We verify that the monotonic increase of the global entanglement under boosts for ultra-relativistic states is solely due to an increasing of the entanglement associated with the spins subsystems. For such ultra-relativistic states, the entanglement related to the chirality degrees of freedom is invariant, and the variation of the global entanglement of bispinor states is the same as the one calculated for relativistic spin 1/2 states. We also show that the particle-particle entanglement is invariant under boosts for any Bell-like state.
Theory of Images and Quantum Mechanics, a common paradigm
Authors: Celeghini E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Paradigms introduced in philosophy of science one century ago are shown to be quite more satisfactory of that introduced by Galileo. This is particularly evident in the physics based on Hilbert Spaces and related mathematical structures that we apply in this paper to Quantum Mechanics and to Theory of Images. An exhaustive discussion, that include the algebraic analysis of the operators acting on them, exhibits that the Hilbert Spaces-that have fixed dimension-must be generalized to the Rigged Hilbert Spaces that contain spaces with continuous and discrete dimensions. This is the property of Rigged Hilbert Spaces that allows a consistent formal description of the physics we are considering. Theory of Quantum Mechanics and of Images are similar and the fundamental difference between them comes from the definition of measure that is outside the theory of the spaces: while in Quantum Mechanics the measure is a probabilistic action, in Images it is a classical functional.
Features of spinning gravity in particle physics: supersymmetric core of the Kerr-Newman electron
Authors: Burinskii Alexander 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The model of electron based on regularized Kerr-Newman solution shows that spinning gravity is consistently united with particle physics. Extremely high spin of the electron creates topological deformation of space on the Compton scale, and we show that supersymmetric Higgs model regularizes this space, forming a nonperturbative solution as the bag-like core of the regularized Kerr-Newman electron model. Conflict between gravity and quantum interior of the bag is eliminated by the domain wall boundary of the bag which interpolates between the external exact Kerr-Newman solution and the free from gravity superconducting interior of the bag, forming vacuum state necessary for action of the perturbative quantum theory. Similar to typical bag models, the Kerr-Newman bag is deformable and creates the controlled by gravity stringy structure.
We show that contrary to the widely-discussed confrontation, spinning gravity cooperates with quantum theory, playing fundamental role in the structure of the dressed electron.
New representations of Poincare group for consistent Relativistic Particle Theories
Authors: Nisticò Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The class of representations of the Poincare group for the formulation of relativistic quantum theories of single particle is consistently extended. In so doing new species of such representations are singled out. By making use of the enlarged class quantum theories of Klein-Gordon free particle are formulated without the problems suffered by the early theory. Furthermore, new species of consistent theories can be developed.
Quantum statistics in Bohmian trajectory gravity
Authors: Andersen T C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The recent experimental proposals by Bose et al. and Marletto et al. (BMV) outline a way to test for the quantum nature of gravity by measuring gravitationally induced differential phase accumulation over the superposed paths of two ∼ 10−14
kg masses. These authors outline the expected outcome of these experiments for semi-classical, quantum gravity and collapse models. It is found that both semi-classical and collapse models predict a lack of entanglement in the experimental results. This work predicts the outcome of the BMV experiment in Bohmian trajectory gravity - where classical gravity is assumed to couple to the particle configuration in each Bohmian path, as opposed to semi-classical gravity where gravity couples to the expectation value of the wave function, or of quantized gravity, where the gravitational field is itself in a quantum superposition. In the case of the BMV experiment, Bohmian trajectory gravity predicts that there will be quantum entanglement. This is surprising as the gravitational field is treated classically. A discussion of how Bohmian trajectory gravity can induce quantum entanglement for a non superposed gravitational field is put forward.
Born rule and Schroedinger equation from first principles
Authors: Oeckl Robert 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A concise review of the derivation of the Born rule and Schroedinger equation from first principles is provided. The starting point is a formalization of fundamental notions of measurement and composition, leading to a general framework for physical theories known as the positive formalism. Consecutively adding notions of spacetime, locality, absolute time and causality recovers the well established convex operational framework for classical and quantum theory. Requiring the partially ordered vector space of states to be an anti-lattice one obtains quantum theory in its standard formulation. This includes Born rule and Schroedinger equation.
Quantum field theory of axion-photon mixing and vacuum polarization
Authors: Capolupo Antonio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We report on recent results obtained by analyzing axion-photon mixing in the framework of quantum field theory. We obtain corrections to the oscillation formulae and we reveal a new effect of the vacuum polarization due to the non-zero value of the vacuum energy for the component of the photon polarization mixed with the axion. The study of axion-photon mixing in curved space is also presented. Numerical analysis show that some quantum field theory effect of axion-photon mixing, in principle, could be detected experimentally.
Matter-as-constrained-gravity quanta on multiple Rindler observer grounds
Authors: Mandrin P A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
By considering matter as a constraint on the availability of gravitational degrees of freedom and accounting for the statistical interpretation of Rindler horizons, the freedom to construct quantum gravity theories reproducing General Relativity and Quantum Field Theory (QFT) as special cases is considerably reduced. On one hand, the mathematical structure of quantum gravity is restricted by the properties of Quantum Mechanics. On the other hand, one can predict a value for the fundamental quantum constant of gravity which is related to the Planck area via the Planck constant. These findings are compatible with spin-less particles of matter. In the context of canonical ensemble statistics, the von Neumann entropy concept is found to extend from matter to gravity. An important motivation and pillar for this development is the concept of multiple observer statistics and the total entropy perceived by Rindler observers with a particular spacing, which has a one-to-one correspondence to the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term.
Some algebraically solvable two-dimensional dynamical systems with polynomial interactions
Authors: Calogero Francesco , Payandeh Farrin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We tersely review a recently introduced technique to identify systems of two nonlinearly-coupled Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) solvable by algebraic operations; and we report some specific examples of this kind, namely systems of 2 first-order ODEs with polynomial right-hand sides,

satisfied by the 2 (possibly complex) dependent variables xn
= xn
(t). Here P(n)
(x
1, x
2) indicates some specific polynomial. These examples are analogous, but different, from those previously reported.
Geographical origin of Thai Hom Mali rice based on elemental and stable isotopic compositions
Authors: Srinuttrakul W , Permnamtip V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Thai Hom Mali rice is an economic crop of Thailand and well-known as a premium rice in the world trade. In this research, Thai Hom Mali rice samples were collected from the paddy fields in the northern and northeastern regions of Thailand for verifying the authenticity of rice origin. Multi-element and stable isotopic compositions in rice samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. A radar plot was applied to discriminate the origin of rice. Thai Hom Mali Rice from both regions had similar pattern of isotopic composition. The two regions clearly displayed different distribution of elemental patterns. Therefore, Thai Hom Mali rice can be differentiated from each region using multi-element combined with a radar plot.
Effects of gamma irradiation on antioxidant activities and chemical properties in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms
Authors: Pewlong W , Sajjabut S , Eamsiri J , Chookaew S , Kemthong K 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Agaricus bisporus is easily perishable and subject to microbial contamination. The present study aspires to follow antioxidant activities and chemical changes of Agaricus bisporus after being exposed to gamma radiation. Powder samples were irradiated at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 kGy. Subsequently, antioxidant activities, total protein content and total soluble polysaccharide content of irradiated samples were evaluated. Result showed that gamma irradiation up to 10 kGy did not significantly affect antioxidant activities. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity assay (DPPH) of non-irradiated and irradiated samples ranged from 2.07 ± 0.09 to 2.19 ± 0.14 mgAAE/g, whereas ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of irradiated samples varied from 32.74 ± 0.39 to 34.52 ± 1.45 μmol FeSO4/g. Total phenolic contents were between 7.24 ± 0.38 and 7.65 ± 0.53 mgGAE/g. In terms of chemical properties, gamma radiation at 10 kGy showed no significant differences in total protein content and total water soluble polysaccharide content. Total protein contents were found from 42.46 ± 0.28 to 43.18 ± 0.13 %w/w. Amount of total water soluble polysaccharide content in non-irradiated and irradiated samples varied from 5.49 ± 0.15 to 5.72 ± 0.14 %w/w.
Study of the factors influence on variation of Be-7 concentration in surface air at Osaka, Japan
Authors: Noithong P , Rittirong A , Hazama R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The concentration of 7Be in surface air and rainwater at Daito, Osaka (34.71 N, 135.64 E) has been measured during the period from January 8 to October 29, 2018 and April 1 to October 31, 2018, respectively. The weekly concentration of 7Be in surface air in the range of 8.92 ± 0.08 to 1.03 ± 0.02 mBq/m3 showing seasonal trend with maxima in spring and autumn and minima in summer, which can be ascribed to the transport of air masses from low latitudes carrying low 7Be concentration into the middle latitude region. The factors influences on the concentration of 7Be were examined. It was shown that the positive and negative correlation was found in PM2.5 (cc = 0.62) and relative humidity (cc = –0.57), respectively. The weak positive correlation was found in cosmic ray intensity (cc = 0.23), the weak negative correlation was found in precipitation (cc = –0.14) and sunspot number (cc = –0.05). The deposition rate was analyzed by using the rainwater samples. It shown negative correlation between deposition rate and precipitation (cc = –0.53). High volumes of precipitation can reduce the 7Be concentration of air by wash-out.
Evolution of rare earth elements, uranium and thorium in geological samples by ICP-OES and their characterization
Authors: Nuchdang S , Injarean U , Rattanaphra D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine rare earth elements, uranium and thorium in granitic soils and rock samples collected from Chumporn and Surat Thani provinces, the southern part of Thailand. The effect of digestion temperature (125 °C, 160 °C, 200 °C and 240 °C) on the concentration levels of elements was investigated. It was found that the digestion temperature of 160 °C had an efficient to leach out the elements to achieve the high concentration of elements for soil samples at different horizons such as O-A, A-B, B-C (1) and B-C(2). For rock sample (D horizon), the digestion temperature did not significantly affect to extract the elements. The results of the analytical study were also compared with the results determined by ICP-MS/OES as obtained from Department of Mineral Resources, Thailand (DMR). A good correlation between the determined values digested at 160 °C and the values measured by ICP-MS/OES as obtained from DMR were found for Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Y, Dy, Eu and Th. The SEM-EDS results demonstrated that the samples particles mainly consisted of Si, and Al with varying amount of Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Na and Ti. Quartz and albite were found to exist in all samples that were confirmed by XRD analysis.