bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe digital malformations in a rare variant of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Authors: Gucev Zoran , Tasic Velibor , Plaseska‐Karanfilska Dijana , Dimishkovska Marija , Laban Nevenka , Bozinovski Zoran , Kostovski Marko , Saveski Alek , Polenakovic Momir , Towler O. Will , Shore Eileen M. , Kaplan Frederick S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA 16‐year‐old girl with a history of nontraumatic swelling of both forearms, osteochondromas of the knees, heterotopic ossification of the neck and back, severe malformations of all digits with hypoplastic or absent nails, alopecia partialis of the scalp, and moderate cognitive impairment was seen for diagnostic evaluation. Whole exome sequencing identified an activating mutation of ACVR1 (c.983G > A; p.Gly328Glu) which confirmed a suspected FOP variant. The delayed diagnosis of an FOP variant in this patient could have been avoided if the significance of severe digital malformations had been recognized, especially in the setting of progressive heterotopic ossification.
Structure and Bonding in [Sb@In8Sb12]3− and [Sb@In8Sb12]5−
Authors: Liu Chao , Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Popov Ivan A. , Fedik Nikita , Min Xue , Xu Cong‐Qiao , Li Jun , McGrady John E. , Boldyrev Alexander I. , Sun Zhong‐Ming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe report the characterization of the compound [K([2.2.2]crypt)]4[In8Sb13], which proves to contain a 1:1 mixture of [Sb@In8Sb12]3− and [Sb@In8Sb12]5−. The tri‐anion displays perfect Th symmetry, the first completely inorganic molecule to do so, and contains eight equivalent In3+ centers in a cube. The gas‐phase potential energy surface of the penta‐anion has eight equivalent minima where the extra pair of electrons is localized on one In+ center, and these minima are linked by low‐lying transition states where the electron pair is delocalized over two adjacent centers. The best fit to the electron density is obtained from a model where the structure of the 5− cluster lies close to the gas‐phase transition state.
Organocatalytic, Enantioselective Dichlorination of Unfunctionalized Alkenes
Authors: Wedek Volker , Van Lommel Ruben , Daniliuc Constantin G. , De Proft Frank , Hennecke Ulrich 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe use of a new class of unsymmetrical cinchona‐alkaloid‐based, phthalazine‐bridged organocatalysts enabled the highly enantioselective dichlorination of unfunctionalized alkenes. In combination with the electrophilic chlorinating agent 1,3‐dichloro‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) and triethylsilyl chloride (TES‐Cl) as the source of nucleophilic chloride, 1‐aryl‐2‐alkyl alkenes were dichlorinated with enantioselectivities of up to 94:6 er. Initial mechanistic investigations suggest that no free chlorine is formed, and by replacement of the chloride by fluoride, enantioselective chlorofluorinations of alkenes are possible.
Synthesis, structural studies and antimicrobial evaluation of nickel (II) complexes of NNS tridentate thiosemicarbazone based ligands
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed B.M. , Farh Micheal K. , Mayer Peter 
Published: April 2019

Synthesis and characterization of three nickel complexes [NiCl(L1)] 1, [NiCl(L2)] 2 and [NiCl(L3)] 3 are described {HL1 = 4‐(2,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐1‐((pyridin‐2‐yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide, HL2 = 4‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐1‐((pyridin‐2‐yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide and HL3 = 4‐(2,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐1‐((pyridin‐2‐yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide} and among the tridentate ligands HL3 is reported for the first time. The structures of the complexes were assigned based on CHNS microanalysis, spectroscopic (IR & UV–Vis.) data and solution conductivity studies. The absence of any magnetism for the complexes proved their square planar geometry. Single crystals of complex 1 were grown and analyzed by XRD analysis which confirmed the complex planarity as each Ni atom connects to three (two nitrogen and one sulfur) atoms from the thiosemicarbazone ligand and an additional chlorine atom. Packing of the complex 1 in the crystal lattice was proved to stabilize via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Antimicrobial activities of 1–3 were studied in vitro against fungal and bacterial species and, in several instances, the complexes possessed improved antibacterial behavior in comparison to chloramphenicol.
Densities and Viscosities of Oleic Acid at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Sagdeev Damir , Gabitov Il'giz , Isyanov Chingiz , Khairutdinov Vener , Farakhov Mansur , Zaripov Zufar , Abdulagatov Ilmutdin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe densities of oleic acid were measured over the temperature range from (293 to 459) K at atmospheric pressure using a densimeter based on the modified hydrostatic weighing method. The dynamic viscosities of the same oleic acid sample were measured using a capillary viscometer (VPZ‐2 m) in the range from (293 to 363) K at atmospheric pressure. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, atmospheric pressure, viscosity, and temperature measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 is estimated to be 0.15%, 1.0%, 3.5%, and 15 mK, respectively. The values of uncertainty for density and viscosity include the effects of purity and calibration (total expanded uncertainty). These experimental data were used to develop wide‐range correlations for the density and viscosity based on theoretically confirmed Arrhenius–Andrade and Vogel‐Tamman‐Fulcher (VTF) models. The value of the glass temperature (
T
g=179.78 K.) for the oleic acid was estimated using the VTF parameters derived from the present viscosity measurements. To additionally validate the reliability of the measured density data, the same oleic acid samples were measured using the pycnometric method. The present study showed that the densities measured using the modified hydrostatic weighing densimeter (HWD) agree with the values obtained using the pycnometric method within 0.09% for Sample 1 and 0.25% for Sample 2.
Chemical and mechanical degradation of silicone rubber under two compression loads in simulated proton‐exchange membrane fuel‐cell environments
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Tan Jinzhu , Wang Yankang , Liu Zenghui , Feng Qiuyue 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTLong‐term chemical and mechanical stability of gaskets in proton‐exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is critical to the sealing and normal operation of these fuel cells. In this study, the chemical and mechanical degradation of a silicone rubber was investigated. Two compression loads and two simulated environments were used. The weight change of sample was monitored. Optical microscopy was applied to observe the morphological changes on the specimen surface. Attenuated total reflection (ATR)–Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the chemical changes on the surface of specimens after exposure to the simulated solutions and subjection to compression loads over time. A compression stress‐relaxation test was used to elucidate the stress‐relaxation property changes of the specimens after exposure to the simulated fuel‐cell environments and the compression loads. Optical microscopy showed that the surface morphology of the specimens changed from initially smooth to slightly rough followed by crack initiation and finally propagation. The ATR–FTIR and XPS results indicate that the surface chemistry of the specimens significantly changed via decrosslinking and chain scission after exposure to the simulated environments and compression loads over time. The compression stress‐relaxation test results indicate that the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber specimens changed significantly. We found that both the acid concentration of the test solution and the compression load significantly affected the degradation of the silicone rubber material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47855.
Synthesis of novel gefitinib‐based derivatives and their anticancer activity
Authors: Sharma Mrunal J. , Kumar Maushmi S. , Murahari Manikanta , Mayur Y. C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDrug latentiation is a process of modifying a drug molecule structurally to improve its binding affinity as well as increasing the drug–receptor interactions and potentiate its therapeutic potential. In the quest for discovering more potent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, gefitinib‐based derivatives were designed by simple structural modification at the secondary amine of gefitinib by N‐alkylation. Three gefitinib derivatives (gefitinib‐NB, ‐NP, and ‐NIP) were synthesized by N‐alkylation and phase transfer catalysis. Structural characterization, physicochemical parameters such as solubility, log
P, and p
K
a were determined. Molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the binding interactions at the active site. Further drug‐bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and drug‐calf thymus (CT) DNA interactions were performed to understand the pharmacokinetics of the synthesized derivatives. All the compounds were screened for preliminary in vitro cytotoxic activity against A549, A431 lung, and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell lines by MTT assay. The gefitinib‐NP and gefitinib‐NB derivatives exhibited strong cytotoxic activity compared with gefitinib. They also showed higher drug‐BSA and drug‐DNA interactions. Molecular docking studies showed the orientation and binding interactions with the EGFR as well as with BSA and CT DNA. The results establish a strong correlation between the experimental and molecular docking studies. EGFR inhibition studies were also carried out for the derivatives and we identified the NP derivative of gefitinib as a potential lead compound. The gefitinib‐based derivatives reported herein are cytotoxic agents and can be tested for further pharmacokinetic profiles and toxicity studies which might be helpful for designing more potent gefitinib‐based derivatives in the future.
Induction of Inflammation and Fibrosis by Semaphorin 4A in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Carvalheiro Tiago , Affandi Alsya J. , Malvar‐Fernández Beatriz , Dullemond Ilse , Cossu Marta , Ottria Andrea , Mertens Jorre S. , Giovannone Barbara , Bonte‐Mineur Femke , Kok Marc R. , Marut Wioleta , Reedquist Kris A. , Radstake Timothy R. , García Samuel 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo analyze the potential role of semaphorin 4A (Sema4A) in inflammatory and fibrotic processes involved in the pathology of systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsSema4A levels in the plasma of healthy controls (n = 11) and SSc patients (n = 20) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of Sema4A and its receptors in monocytes and CD4+ T cells from healthy controls and SSc patients (n = 6–7 per group) was determined by ELISA and flow cytometry. Th17 cytokine production by CD4+ T cells (n = 5–7) was analyzed by ELISA and flow cytometry. The production of inflammatory mediators and extracellular matrix (ECM) components by dermal fibroblast cells (n = 6) was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA, Western blotting, confocal microscopy, and ECM deposition assay.ResultsPlasma levels of Sema4A, and Sema4A expression by circulating monocytes and CD4+ T cells, were significantly higher in SSc patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Inflammatory mediators significantly up‐regulated the secretion of Sema4A by monocytes and CD4+ T cells from SSc patients (P < 0.05 versus unstimulated SSc cells). Functional assays showed that Sema4A significantly enhanced the expression of Th17 cytokines induced by CD3/CD28 in total CD4+ T cells as well in different CD4+ T cell subsets (P < 0.05 versus unstimulated SSc cells). Finally, Sema4A induced a profibrotic phenotype in dermal fibroblasts from both healthy controls and SSc patients, which was abrogated by blocking or silencing the expression of Sema4A receptors.ConclusionOur findings indicate that Sema4A plays direct and dual roles in promoting inflammation and fibrosis, 2 main features of SSc, suggesting that Sema4A might be a novel therapeutic target in SSc.
Incidence and lifetime risk of hospitalization and surgery for diverticular disease
Authors: Sköldberg F , Granlund J , Discacciati A , Hjern F , Schmidt P T , Olén O 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Studies on incidence rates of first-time colonic diverticular disease are few, and population-based estimates of lifetime risk are lacking. In this observational study, the incidence, admission rates and lifetime risks of hospitalization and surgery for diverticular disease were investigated.

Methods
Considering the entire Swedish population as an open cohort, incidence and admission rates, and lifetime risk estimates (considering death as a competing risk) of hospitalization and surgery for diverticular disease were calculated using data from cross-linked national registers and population statistics from 1987 to 2010.

Results
In total, there were 144 107 hospital admissions for diverticular disease in 95 049 individual patients. Of these, 17 599 were admissions with bowel resection or stoma formation in 16 824 patients. The total number of person-years in the population during the study period was 213 949 897. Age-standardized incidence rates were 47·4 (95 per cent c.i. 47·1 to 47·7) for first-time hospitalization with diverticular disease and 8·4 (8·2 to 8·5) per 100 000 person-years for diverticular disease surgery. The corresponding admission rates (including readmissions) were 70·8 (70·4 to 71·2) and 8·7 (8·6 to 8·9) per 100 000 person-years. Following an increase in 1990–1994, rates stabilized. Based on incidence and mortality rates from 2000 to 2010, the estimated remaining lifetime risk of hospitalization from 30 years of age was 3·1 per cent in men and 5·0 per cent in women. The corresponding risk of surgery was 0·5 per cent in men and 0·8 per cent in women.

Conclusion
Diverticular disease is a common reason for hospital admission, particularly in women, but rates are stable and the lifetime risk of surgery is low.
Simultaneous quantitative analysis of phosphocreatine, creatine and creatinine in plasma of children by HPLC–MS/MS method: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in children with viral myocarditis
Authors: Sun Ning , Li Qirui , Zhao Libo , He Huan , Zhang Meng , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA simple and rapid HPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous measurement of phosphocreatine and its metabolites creatine and creatinine in children's plasma. A 50 μL aliquot of plasma was prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile–water (1000 μL, 1:1, v/v) followed by separation on a Hypersil Gold C18 column (35°C) with gradient mobile phase consisting of 2 mm ammonium acetate aqueous solution (pH 10) and methanol at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and analyzed by mass spectrometry in both positive (phosphocreatine) and negative (creatine and creatinine) ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. Good linearity (r > 0.99) was obtained for the three analytes. The intra‐day and inter‐day values of CV were <5.46% (−13.09% ≤ RE ≤ 2.57%). The average recoveries of the three analytes were 70.9–97.5%. No obvious impact was found for the quantitation of three analytes in normal, hemolyzed and hyperlipemic plasma. In the end, this method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of phosphocreatine in children (six cases) with viral myocarditis of children after intravenous infusion of 2 g of the test drug. The pharmacokinetc parameters of phosphocreatine/creatine were as follows: t1/2 0.24/0.83 h, Tmax 0.49/0.55 h, Cmax 47.34/59.29 μg/mL, AUClast 17.07/59.63 h μg/mL, AUCinf 17.16/79.01 h μg/mL and MRT 0.29/0.67 h.
The association of cancer‐related fatigue with all‐cause mortality of colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors: Results from the population‐based PROFILES registry
Authors: Adam Salome , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V. , Mols Floortje , Ezendam Nicole P. M. , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Arndt Volker , Thong Melissa S. Y. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeCancer‐related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most prevalent symptoms experienced by cancer survivors. However, researchers are only beginning to elucidate the risk factors, underlying mechanism(s), and its association with other outcomes. Research on the association between CRF and mortality is limited.MethodsThe study sample comprised 2059 short‐term (<5 years postdiagnosis) cancer survivors from four PROFILES registry studies. Survivors diagnosed with stage I‐III colorectal cancer (CRC) or stage I‐III endometrial cancer (EC), with no evidence of disease, were identified and followed‐up by the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Assessment Scale. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics were performed to assess the association of CRF with all‐cause mortality. Date of censoring was February 1, 2017.ResultsPrevalence of CRF varied between 35.8% (male CRC) and 43.6% (female CRC). After a median follow‐up period of 9.0 years, a total of 408 survivors (20%) had died. CRF was associated with increased all‐cause mortality in male CRC survivors (HRadj = 1.75, 95% CI [1.31‐2.33]). This association remained statistically significant after excluding survivors experiencing anhedonia. For female CRC (HRadj = 1.32, 95% CI [0.90‐1.97]) and EC (HRadj = 1.27, 95% CI [0.84‐1.90]) survivors, there was no significant association with all‐cause mortality for the fatigued group in multivariable analyses.ConclusionOur study found that CRF is significantly associated with all‐cause mortality in male CRC survivors, irrespective of potential confounders. This result suggests that clinicians should increase their attention towards the recognition and treatment of CRF.
Generating Cyan Fluorescence with De Novo Tripeptides: An In Vitro Mutation Study on the Role of Single Amino Acid Residues and Their Sequence
Authors: Guo Jun , Ramachandran Srinivasan , Zhong Ruibo , Lal Ratnesh , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAmino acids are natural choices as building blocks when developing biofunctional entities owing to their superior diversity and versatile physicochemical properties compared to nucleotide bases. A simple permutation of the amino acids creates a broad palette of proteins and these have been successfully engineered into useful biofunctional agents. For example, the intrinsic ultraviolet fluorescence of phenylalanine and tryptophan has been engineered to emit in the visible spectrum, which has broad applications for imaging/sensing probes, photothermal therapy agents, optogenetic switches, etc. Nature produces more colorful coats/furs, feathers/hairs, and eyes through various biochemical modifications of tyrosine‐based pigmentation. However, it is challenging to modulate the fluorescence wavelength from the UV to the visible region through oligopeptides. Herein, we report an innovative approach to obtain cyan fluorescence by using de novo tripeptides containing glycine, tyrosine, and lysine, which form robust dimer structures under moderate oxidizing conditions. Through an in vitro mutation approach, we deduce that both the amino acids and their sequence play significant roles in modulating the fluorescence. We believe this work holds great promise for developing novel cell imaging and resonance energy‐transfer‐based fluorescent probes.
Sex differences in the treatment and outcomes of patients hospitalized with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Hannan Edward L. , Wu Yifeng , Tamis‐Holland Jacqueline , Jacobs Alice K. , Berger Peter B. , Ling Frederick S. K. , Walford Gary , Venditti Ferdinand J. , King Spencer B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo compare mortality for women and men hospitalized with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) by age and revascularization status.BackgroundThere is little information on the mortality of men and women not undergoing revascularization, and the impact of age on relative male–female mortality needs to be revisited.Methods and resultsAn observational database of 23,809 patients with STEMI presenting at nonfederal New York State hospitals between 2013 and 2015 was used to compare risk‐adjusted inhospital/30‐day mortality for women and men and to explore the impact of age on those differences. Women had significantly higher mortality than men overall (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.15, 95% CI [1.04, 1.28]), and among patients aged 65 and older. Women had lower revascularization rates in general (AOR = 0.64 [0.59, 0.69]) and for all age groups. Among revascularized STEMI patients, women overall (AOR = 1.30 [1.10, 1.53]) and over 65 had higher mortality than men. Among patients not revascularized, women between the ages of 45 and 64 had lower mortality (AOR = 0.68 [0.48, 0.97]).ConclusionsWomen with STEMI, and especially older women, had higher inhospital/30‐day mortality rates than their male counterparts. Women had higher mortality among revascularized patients, but not among patients who were not revascularized.
Forschung, Lehre und Praxis – wissenschaftlicher Dreiklang oder Widerspruch?
Authors: Keuser Manfred 
Published: April 2019

KurzfassungDas Wissenschaftsideal Wilhelm von Humboldt's basiert auf der Einheit von Forschung und Lehre. Darüber hinaus sieht Humboldt die Universität als eigenständigen Teil der Gesellschaft mit starkem bezug zur Praxis. Heute wird dies teilweise in Frage gestellt. Am Beispiel von zwei Masterarbeiten zum Brenner ‐ Basistunnel wird die Verbindung von Forschung, Lehre und Praxis aufgezeigt.
Explosionsschutzpflanzen – Bionik und Experiment
Authors: Warnstedt Paul , Gebbeken Norbert 
Published: April 2019

KurzfassungDie Bedrohung durch terroristische Anschläge hat ein erhöhtes Schutzbedürfnis zur Folge. Insbesondere unmittelbar nach Anschlägen wird der Ruf nach wirksamen Maßnahmen zum Schutz öffentlicher Bereiche laut. Gerade dauerhafte bauliche Schutzmaßnahmen prägen das Erscheinungsbild urbaner Räume. Sie sollten daher so gestaltet sein, dass sie sich unauffällig in das Stadtbild einfügen und im besten Fall sogar die Lebensqualität und die Gestaltung positiv beeinflussen. Gleichzeitig muss ihre Wirksamkeit im Falle eines Anschlags stets gegeben sein. Zu diesem Zweck wird im Rahmen von Forschungsvorhaben an der Universität der Bundeswehr München (UniBwM) in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK) die Idee innovativer Schutzelemente verfolgt. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zum Stand der experimentellen Erforschung zur explosionshemmenden Wirkung von Heckenpflanzen. Anhand umfangreicher experimenteller Studien wird deren Eignung als Schutzelemente dargestellt. Zudem wird ein Ausblick auf weiterführende Fragestellungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Schutz urbaner Räume gegeben.
Comprehensive data collection for the development of anchorage lifetime prediction models
Authors: Wan‐Wendner Roman , Czernuschka Lisa‐Marie , Boumakis Ioannis , Ninčević Krešimir 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNowadays, fastening systems represent a very important part of the construction industry due to their versatility and use in reconstruction. Therefore, it is essential to study and understand phenomena and effects influencing the lifetime of a fastening system. However, the mechanisms are complex and not yet fully understood. As a result, numerical models, which are reliable and are able to capture all involved effects, are needed. The basis of these models is a wide range of high quality data, for model development, calibration, and validation purposes. Within the 7‐year Christian Doppler Laboratory (CDL) of Life Cycle Robustness, an extensive concrete data base, consisting of short‐term mechanical properties of concrete, time‐dependent measurements as well as tests on full fastening systems, was generated. The material tests reach from compression, indirect tensile, and fracture tests to long‐term creep and shrinkage tests. Shear and pull‐out tests were carried out on bonded and mechanical anchors. In order to characterize the long‐term performance, sustained load and time to failure tests were conducted at a system level. In total, 12 concrete mixes were tested. This contribution will give an overview of the performed tests and will highlight the importance of sound experimental data.