bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-101 Inhibition of Aerobic Exercise on PKC/CaV1.2 pathway enhanced the function of vascular smooth muscle in hypertension
Authors: Chen Yu , Shi Lijun 
Published: October 2018

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on PKC/CaV1.2 pathway in mesenteric arterial smooth muscle from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs)
Methods Twelve-week-old male normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats and SHRs were randomly assigned to sedentary groups (SHR-SED, WKY-SED) and exercise training groups (SHR-EX, WKY-EX). Exercise groups were performed an 8-week moderate-intensity treadmill running. After 8 weeks, vascular contractility of mesenteric arteries was measured. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were obtained with an enzymatic isolation method. CaV1.2 channel currents were examined by using whole-cell patch clamp recording technique.
Results 1) Body weight and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in both WKY-EX and SHR-EX were significantly lower than those of their sedentary counterparts (both P＜0.05). Body weight in SHR-SED was remarkably lower than WKY-SED (P＜0.05), while SBP was much higher than WKY-SED (P＜0.05). 2) PDBu (PKC activator) elicited a tension increase, and Gö6976 (PKC inhibitor) induced vasodilation. Both the responses of PDBu and Gö6976 in SHR-SED were notably increased compared with WKY-SED (both P＜0.05), however, exercise training significantly suppressed these increases (both P＜0.05). 3) Nifedipine (CaV1.2 inhibitor) induced vasodilation. Response to nifedipine in SHR-SED was more sensitive than both SHR-EX and WKY-SED (both P＜0.05). 4). The current density of SHR-SED and WKY-EX exhibited an increase compared to the WKY-SED (both P＜0.05), and the current density of the SHR-EX decreased obviously in contrast with SHR-SED (P＜0.05). Besides, PDBu enlarged current density of all the groups, while Gö6976 decreased current density. The increase or decrease amplitude in SHR-SED was significantly higher than WKY-SED (both P＜0.05), whereas exercise training markedly inhibited those responses (both P＜0.05).
Conclusions Aerobic exercise efficiently prevents the upregulation of PKC/CaV1.2 pathway in hypertension, and enhances the function of vascular smooth muscle.
PO-102 Meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ding Meng 
Published: October 2018

Objective To systematically evaluate the impact of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease
Methods Computers were searched for PubMed, The cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, VIP, Medline, and WangFang Date for a decade between 2008 and 2018 to find out about the effects of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease (VO2peak, HDL, Cholesterol ). Aspects of the clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT). The included studies were evaluated for quality one by one, and the effects of the training group and the control group were meta-analyzed, and Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software
Results A total of 5 RCTs were included, including 386 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the VO2peak experimental group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05, 0.01) and the changes in HDL and cholesterol were not significant
Conclusions Exercise intervention can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients with chronic kidney disease without causing excessive burden on the kidney. Exercise can promote the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. However, due to the limitations of the quality of the literature, the meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease needs further improvement.
PO-116 Hematological, hormonal and fitness indices in youth swimmers: gender-related comparisons
Authors: Qiu Jun , Cai Guang , Chen Shuai , Pan Qile , Shen Xunzhang , Kang Jie 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study was to evaluate gender differences in hematological, hormonal and fitness parameters among youth swimmers and to explore relationships between erythrocyte indices and aerobic and anaerobic capacity.
Methods 308 youth swimmers including 137 girls and 171 boys aged 8 to 16 volunteered to participate in this study, and they were divided into three (Beginner, intermediate and advanced) groups based on their training experiences. Blood samples were obtained to determine red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and serum erythropoietin and testosterone levels. VO2max was assessed using a submaximal cycle protocol. 76 girls and 102 boys also undertook a Wingate test to determine their peak anaerobic power. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare gender differences in hematological indices hormonal indices and aerobic and anaerobic capacities. Two-way (gender × training) ANOVA was used to analyze the interactive effect of gender and training on hematological variables.
Results Boys had higher (p<0.05) means than girls for all hematological variables except for erythropoietin and values demonstrated an increase with training in boys. The average VO2max in l∙min-1 and peak anaerobic power in watts were also higher in boys (2.91±0.08 and 547±28, respectively) than girls (2.25±0,07 and 450±26, respectively). Modest but significant (p<0.05) correlations were found between VO2max and red blood cell counts (r=0.252), hemoglobin concentration (r=0.345), or hematocrit (r=0.345) and between peak anaerobic power and red blood cell counts (r=0.304), hemoglobin concentration (r=0.319) or hematocrit (r=0.351).
Conclusions This study revealed relatively lower yet age- and gender-appropriate hematological, hormonal and fitness indices in youth swimmers. The gender-related differences in erythrocyte indices seems unrelated to erythropoietin and may be explained by the higher testosterone levels seen in boys. Erythrocyte indices may be used as part of talent identification for sports.
PO-236 Associations between sleep quality of college students and different measures of obesity: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Zhen Zhang Mei 
Published: October 2018

Objective The majority studies focused on obesity prevention on physical activity and eating behavior. However, epidemiological studies have shown that sleep duration and sleep quality could be an adjustable risk factor for obesity. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of sleep quality with different measurement of obesity in Chinese university students.
Methods A total of 481 college students aged 18-25 years volunteered to participate in this study. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）questionnaire. International Physical Activity Questionnaire （IPAQ）was used to determine the physical activity, Psychological status was assessed by Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Body height, weight and waist circumference are measured by a trained researcher. Body composition was evaluated by a bio-impedance device (InBody 230, South Korea). Independent sample t test was applied to compare the sleep characteristics, physical activity, obesity, depression and anxiety in different gender students. The associations among the dependent variables BMI, body fat percentage, and the independent variables age, sleep quality and sleep durations was examined using Multiple linear regression models. SPSS 22.0 (IMB SPSS Inc) was used for all statistical.
Results The BMI (22.9±3.4 vs 21.6±3.2, p＜0.001) of male students were significantly higher than that of female, but the percentage of body fat (18.7±6.9 vs 29.7±7.0, p＜0.001) was lower than that of female. We observed a positive association between sleep quality and body fat percentage (β = 0.166, P = 0.037), and a negative association with age (β = -0.166, P = 0.008) in female students. Sleep quality was associated positively with BMI (β = 0.360, P＜0.001), body fat percentage (β = 0.260, P＜0.001), and age (β = 0.215, P＜0.001) in male students; An inverse correlation between sleep duration and BMI (β = -0.141, P = 0.015), body fat percentage (β = -0.134, P = 0.022) was found, and a positive relationship with anxiety scores (β = 0.331, P＜0.001) in male students. while an inverse relationship was found with WHR (β = -0.236, P = 0.001), waist circumference (β = -0.169, P = 0.007), and a positive association between sleep duration with anxiety scores (β = 0.331, P＜0.001) and depression scores (β = 0.415, P＜0.001) in female students.
Conclusions The obesity of male and female students goes up with the increase of total score of sleep quality, anxiety and depression, and goes down with the increase of sleep duration, physical activity time and energy consumption. Male obesity increases with age, but female obesity decreases with age. Among the importance of males' sleep duration and sleep quality in the obesity risk assessment, BMI and body fat percentages are more accurate, while for females, BMI and waist circumference is of no statistical significance.
PO-241 Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Activation of Neuroglia Cell and Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Aging Rats
Authors: Xiong Yaya , Jia Jia , Hao Xuanming 
Published: October 2018

Objective In recent years, aerobic exercise has been considered as a method of anti-aging. The aging mechanism in nervous system is closely related to increased activation of neuroglia cells and progressing neuroinflammation with aging.This study tried to shed some light on relationship between chronic inflammation accumulation and aerobic exercise so as to understand how exercise intervened nervous aging through inflammation. In this study, we used D- galactose aging models, applying two intervention ways: aerobic exercise during aging process, after that, to explore the changes of astrocytes, microglia and TNF-α expression. This study aims to provide certain evidence that sport plays a role in anti-aging.
Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats at age of eight weeks, are randomly divided into five groups: control group(A), Aging group(S), Aging while exercising group(YS), After aging Quiet group(SA), After aging exercise group(SY). The aging groups were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose 150mg / kg / d for six weeks. Group YS do swimming exercise three times a week,once 60 minutes in the first six weeks. SY had same exercise intervention in the 7-12 week after injection. We took the hippocampus of rats in A, S, YS at the end of the sixth week, and of those in SA, SY at the end of twelfth week. tested the expression of GFAP, CD11b and TNF-α by immunohistochemical staining.
Results 1.GFAP immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A,The expression of GFAP in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of GFAP in group YS significantly decreased by 20.5% (P<0.01). There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05).
2.CD11b immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A, The expression of CD11b in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of CD11b in group YS decreased by 18.4% (P < 0.05).There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05).
3.TNF-α Immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A,The expression of TNF-α in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of TNF-α in group YS decreased by 30.1% (P < 0.01).There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05).
Conclusions Exercise could effectively delay aging progression through improving neuroinflammation, but hard to reverse it, so the earlier in age to exercise, the better to delay aging.
PO-251 Aerobic physical training in cool environment protects rat brain against oxidative damage during rest and exercise in heat through the increased expression level of HSP70
Authors: Wang Dalei 
Published: October 2018

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore the mechanism underlying physical training in cool environment (20˚C) improving tolerance to exercise-heat stress.
Methods Rats were randomly divided into aerobic exercise group(AE group) and control group (C group). Rats of AE group undertook 5 weeks aerobic physical training in cool environment, rats of C group were kept sedentary. Through Western blotting method, the expression of HSP70 in rats motor cortex of both groups was detected. The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (HRSC), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, xanthine oxidase (XOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GPX) in rat motor cortex were detected immediately after 1h heat exposure or exhaustive exercise in heat (38-40 ˚C). The exhaustion time and changes of rectal temperature during exhaustive exercise were recorded.
Results Results showed that, the HSP70 expression of AE group is higher than C group (P<0.05). After 1h heat exposure or exhaustive exercise, the XOD and MDA of AE group are all lower than C group (P<0.05). The HRSC, SOD and GSH-PX of AE group are all higher than C group (P<0.05). At 30, 45 and 60 min time point, the rectal temperature of AE group are all lower than C group (P<0.05). The exhaustion time of AE group is higher than C group(P<0.05).
Conclusions Our results suggest that the enhanced expression of HSP70 and the decreased rise rate of core temperature, may result in the lower oxidative damage in rat brain, this may be one important factor for physical training in cool environment improving tolerance to exercise-heat stress.
PO-262 Study on the effect of weight loss in High temperature and High humidity
Authors: Zhao Fan , Liu Yong , Zhou Yi 
Published: October 2018

Objective The effects of aerobic exercise on body weight loss in different environments were studied by comparing the changes of relative indexes between high temperature and high humidity and general environment. To provide certain reference basis for weight loss in aerobic training before competition of heavy competitive athletes.
Methods Eight male freestyle wrestlers in Beijing were chosen as the research objects. The body weight, energy metabolism and serum ions were measured before and after one time aerobic exercise (50min,65%VO2max) in general environment (23℃/40%humidity), high temperature and high humidity(33℃/60%humidity).The data were statistically processed by SPSS19.0 software, and Paired-Samples T Test was selected for statistical analysis.
Results Under the same physiological load, one time aerobic exercise was carried out in high temperature and high humidity and general environment, the weight of high temperature and high humidity group decreased 1.91%, the amplitude was slightly larger than that of general environment group. The energy metabolism in the hyperthermia and humidity group was 1.52g higher than that in the normal temperature and humidity group, the energy expenditure at 2 hours after exercise was 0.95% higher than that in the normal temperature and humidity group, and the energy metabolism during 8 hours sleep was 14.86% higher than that in the normal temperature and humidity group (p<0.05). Na+ and Cl- were significantly higher after general environmental exercise than before (P<0.05), while K +, Mg2 + were slightly lower than before exercise. After high temperature and humidity exercise, Mg2+ was significantly lower than that before (P<0.01). K+ decreased slightly, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+ was slightly higher than that before exercise. According to the change of ion index, aerobic exercise may have little adverse effect on the balance of internal environment under the condition of high temperature and high humidity, which can be improved by the supplement of electrolyte drink.
Conclusions In high temperature and high humidity environment, aerobic exercise has a relatively good effect on weight loss. In order to reduce the change of internal environment, electrolyte drink can be added in the process of weight loss aerobic training. Athletes can withstand the weight reduction and control training at different ambient temperatures, subjectively accept the thermal environment. Therefore, the choice of high temperature and high humidity aerobic exercise in fast weight loss stage will be an effective means of weight loss before competition.
PO-267 Effects of long-term exercise on executive function for young people
Authors: Yang Yuan , Guo Wang , Yan ShouFu 
Published: October 2018

Objective Executive function is a cognitive control process that monitors, adjusts and plans task activities. Relevant studies have shown that exercise have positive impacts on executive function of human body, but previous studies mostly focus on children or elderly, the study of young people is not in-depth. This study explores whether exercise affects the executive control function of young people
by comparing who have the habit of exercising all the year round with who have been sedentary.
Methods 12 graduate students from the Graduate School of Capital University of Physical Education and sports were taken as participants. According to the exercise habits, 6 participants with long-term exercise habits were divided into exercise group and 6 participants with sedentary and low-activity habits were divided into control group. The E-prime software was used to program classic arrows Flanker task to measure the execution control function of participants. The formal experimental procedure was divided into four blocks. The first and third blocks were consistent tasks, the second and fourth blocks were inconsistent tasks. The SPSS23.0 was used to analyze the experimental data.
Results The behavior data were analyzed with 2 (exercise habit group)*2 (task type) repeated measurement ANOVA to investigate the responsiveness of different exercise habits to flanker task. The results showed that for accuracy, the main effect of task type was significant F (1,10) = 21.729, P =.001, 2 =.685, and the interaction effect between task type and group was significant F (1,10) = 7.519, P =.021, 2 =.429, indicating that the participants with long-term exercise habits had higher accuracy than those who with sedentary. The accuracy of consistent tasks is higher than inconsistent tasks. For response time, the main effect of task type was significant F (1,10) = 5.277, P =. 044, 2 =. 345; the interaction effect of task type and group was not significant F (1,10) =. 107, P =. 751, 2 =. 011, indicating that there were differences in response time between participants in the process of accomplishing consistent and inconsistent tasks, but there was no significant difference in the reaction time between participants with long-term exercise habits and sedentary.
Conclusions Long-term exercise may has positive effects on executive function of young people, especially on accuracy of completing cognitive process, and the related brain mechanisms need to be further studied.
PO-268 Heart rate variability to assess ventilatory threshold in overweight young men
Authors: Huang Chuanye , Pan Mingling 
Published: October 2018

Objective The individualized training intensity is important in the prevention of overweight and obesity. Our study compared heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2), and work load (WL) corresponded to the anaerobic threshold during an incremental cycling test between ventilatory (VT) and heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) methods. Further, we examined the validity of three heart rate variability analyses to assess VT in overweight young men.
Methods Sixteen overweight young men (age 21.1±1.7 years, height 175.3±5.5 cm, weight 84.0±6.7kg, body mass index 27.3±1.2 kg/m2, VO2peak33.6±4.3ml/min/kg ) performed a gradual exercise test on a cycle ergometer (Lode Corival，Lode B.V.，Groningen，Newtherlands).The protocol started at 30 W for 2 minutes with subsequent increments of 30 W every 2 minutes until exhaustion. During test, gas exchanges (VO2, VCO2) and ventilation (VE) were measured by breath-by-breath using Metamax 3B portable analyzer (CORTEX, Biophysik GmbH，Leipzig，Germany). The ventilatory threshold (VT) was identified as the point at which VE for O2 began to rise without a concomitant rise in ventilator equivalent for CO2. The R-R intervals were continuously recorded using a Polar RS800cx HR monitor(Kempele, Finland). HRV data were further analyzed by Kubios HRV analysis software (Kuopio, Finland) based on time-domain (RMSSD) , Poincare plots(SD1) and time-varying spectral (fHF×HFP) methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Normal distribution of variables was verified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The relationship between HRVT variables and VT was assessed using paired t-test and Pearson’s production correlation. The magnitude of concordance between the methods was further evaluated by Bland-Altman plots.
Results No significant difference was witnessed in HR, VO2, and WL related to AT between HRVT and VT methods（P<0.05）. The relationships were found between the methods to determine the AT for all variables analyzed (r=0.40-0.91). Additionally, the Bland-Altman plots revealed that findings showing narrow limits of agreement present for fHF×HFP and the VT whilst the association between RMSSD, SD1 and VT showed wider limits.
Conclusions The estimation of the HRVT, especially derived through the time-varying spectral (fHF×HFP), may be a noninvasive and more robust method to determine the VT, which could be used to adapt individualized training intensity to overweight young men for training prescription.
PO-275 Effect of acute photobiomodulation treatment on the recovery of exhaustive exercise-induced motor dysfunction
Authors: Yang Luodan , Wu Chongyun , Xiao Mengyun , Peng Guangcong , Zhang Quanguang 
Published: October 2018

Objective Photobiomodulation (PBM), originally known as “low-level laser therapy”, has been recognized as an effective methond to relieve pain, reduce inflammtion and improve healing. PBM induces photobiological effect at the the cellular level without thermal and toxic effects. Currently, PBM study on muscle recovery after exercise mainly focouses on the changes of molecular and immunological parameters. This study was designed to analyze the effect of acute PBM treatment on exhaustive exercise-induced behaviorial changes.
Methods 1. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=8, each group): Control group without exhaustive exercise (Cont), Exhaustive exercise group (EE) and acute PBM treatment group (APBM). Acute PBM were conducted immediately using a diode laser with continuous wave (CW) at 808 nm (350 mW/cm2) after exhaustive exercise. Each paws were treated using PBM for 2 minutes. Grisp test were performed 24 hours after exhaustive exercise. The grisp strength score and the hanging time on the rope were recorded and analyzed using Sigmastat.
Results 1. Signficant decreases of the grisp strength score and the hanging time were observed in the EE group compared with control group. 2. The motor function in the acute PBM treatment group were significantly improved.
Conclusions Acute photobiomodulation treatment with 808 nm laser can signicicantly enchance the recovery of exhaustive exercise-induced motor dysfunction .