bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence and relationship of dysbiosis in the urinary microbiota on patients with urolithiasis
Authors: Lee Hsiang Ying , Lin Chung Yu , Juan Yung-Shun , Liu Chung-Jung , Wu Wen-Jeng , Yeh Hsin-Chih , Li Wei-Ming , Cho Sung Yong , Wu Deng‐Chyang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Urolithiasis is a disease with high prevalence and recurrence rate. There are various risk factors impacting on stone formation including intestinal micorbiome. This study aims to investigate the relationship between urine microbiota with urolithiasis.
Methods
We collected mid-stream voided urine samples from urolithiasis patients and control participants and stored them in a freezer at -80°C. All enrolled participants were requested to provide information about their clinical characteristics. Each step of the procedure, including the extraction of the genomic DNA from the urine samples; the amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); PCR product quantification, mixing, and purification; DNA library preparation; and sequencing was performed with quality control (QC) measures. Alpha diversity was indicative of the species complexity within individual urine samples, and beta diversity analysis was used to evaluate the differences among the samples in terms of species complexity.
Results
We enrolled 28 urolithiasis patients and 59 control participants who reported no recent antibiotic usage. In the beta diversity analysis, there was a significant difference between the microbiota in the samples of the urolithiasis and control groups according to ANOSIM statistical analysis. (P = 0.004). On comparing the groups, it showed Alcaligenes, Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG, Cutibacterium, Alistipes, Lachnoclostridium present more significant in control group than urolithiasis patients.
Conclusions
Our current study shows that dysbiosis of urine microbiota may be related to the development of urolithiasis. Further research targeting specific microbes to identify their role in the development of diseases is necessary and might provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic options.
Using Induced Immortalized Dendritic Cells to Start an In Vitro Immunization with Antigen-Specific Antibody Production
Authors: Egert Juliane , Maier Natalia , Micheel Burkhard , Hanack Katja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Current methods of monoclonal antibody production like hybridoma technology rely on laboratory animals and a tedious screening process. Available in vitro methods like Phage Display need expensive equipment and are not practical for small laboratories. Transferring the in vivo immune response into an in vitro setup is a promising approach to producing antigen-specific antibodies quickly and with reduced animal experiments.
Results
Here, we present an in vitro immunization (IVI) strategy that uses immortal dendritic cells (DCs) from a transgenic irtTA-GBD/T-Ag mouse as a scaffold for an antigen-specific immune reaction in vitro. These cells can be transferred into a reversible immortal period (iniDCs) and increased in long-term culture. Upon deinduction, de-iniDCs can fully mature and start an immune cascade in co-cultivation with naïve T and B lymphocytes at which end antigen-specific antibodies were detectable.
Conclusion
By using this immortal DC population as the first encounter and presenter of antigens we could establish a reproducible protocol for a new approach that offers a fast and precise way to generate hybridoma cells in a shorter time frame with fewer animal experiments.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi strongly influence the endorhizosphere of grapevine rootstocks with soil type as a key factor
Authors: Štůsková Kateřina , Vavřiník Aleš , Hakalová Eliška , Franková Šárka , Čechová Jana , Gramaje David , Eichmeier Ales 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in enhancing the health and productivity of host plants, including grapevine. By forming symbiotic relationships with plant roots, AMF significantly improve water uptake and nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). This study evaluated the microbiome composition and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization in the endorhizosphere across five wine-growing regions in the Czech Republic. In all five regions, in terms of composition of fungal microbiome, the phyla Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes were most numerous. The study confirmed that LSU primers are more sensitive than ITS primers for AMF sequencing. While the representation of the phylum Glomeromycetes ranged from 0.07–5.65% in the ITS library, it was significantly higher, ranging from 83.74–98.71%, in the LSU library. The most significant difference compared to other regions was observed in the Slovácko region, where the soil had a lower pH, a different texture (sandy loam), reduced micronutrient content, and low organic matter. These factors resulted in only trace amounts of AMF being detected. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that AMF positively influenced the phosphorus content in the soil and reduced the presence of certain fungal pathogens.
Vertical Agrivoltaics in a Temperate Climate: Exploring Technical, Agricultural, Meteorological, and Social Dimensions
Authors: Victoria Marta , Pullens Johannes , Torma Gabriele , Lindhardt Magnus , Niazi Kamran , Jahangirlou Maryam , Khoury Yannick El , Aschemann-Witzel Jessica , Ottosen Carl-Otto , Jørgensen Uffe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The combined use of land for agriculture and photovoltaic electricity production (agrivoltaics) could be a strategy to capture benefits for both crops and solar panels. Here, we investigated an 89-kW pilot system comprising vertically mounted and tilted bifacial solar panels in Denmark (latitude 56.5⁰). Variables including microclimate and electricity production were measured for one year, together with the yield of wheat and grass clover mixture grown between the rows of solar panels. The vertical solar panels acted as wind shelters and resulted in similar crop yields to the control (open field), and higher compared to south-oriented 25⁰-tilted solar panels. The daily profile for electricity generation of the vertical solar panels matches electricity demand better. In addition, the social acceptance study highlights that vertical agrivoltaic systems were perceived more positively than conventional solar panels. Our results offer a strategy for the sustainable integration of solar electricity generation and agriculture in temperate climates.
New Types Infrastructure Construction, Governmental Peer Effects and Regional Carbon Emission Reduction
Authors: Wang Qianqian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Coordinating economic growth with environmental protection has become a key challenge in public economics. This study introduces a novel perspective by examining the impact of new-type infrastructure (NTI) on regional carbon emission reduction through the lens of peer effects. Leveraging the quasi-natural experiment of the “Broadband China” pilot, the research demonstrates that NTIs significantly reduce carbon emissions. A key finding is that avoidant imitation pressure—where local governments align with regional averages to avoid risks—has a stronger impact on carbon reduction than competitive pressure. This suggests that NTIs enable local governments to navigate trade-offs between economic development and environmental objectives more effectively. The study also uncovers how political leadership dynamics, such as the age, tenure, and turnover of municipal CPC secretaries and mayors, shape NTIs' effectiveness. By integrating peer effects into the analysis of infrastructure-driven carbon reduction, the research introduces a new framework for environmental governance. It also provides micro-level evidence of competitive imitation and avoidant imitation behaviors among local governments, offering fresh insights into the subtle dynamics that influence policy implementation and environmental performance.
JEL: H11; P25; Q56
Evaluation of the Knowledge Levels and Awareness of Dentists in Turkey About Oral Cancers
Authors: Nuhoğlu Gizem Ecem , Nuhoğlu Çağatay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Early diagnosis is crucial for the management of oral mucosal carcinomas, which are a significant contributor to mortality. Patients initially seek advice from their dentists regarding issues in their oral cavity. The knowledge and awareness of dentists regarding the matter is essential for early diagnosis. The objective of the study is to evaluate the knowledge, frequency, and awareness of independent dentists in Turkey about the early diagnosis and biopsy of oral cancer.
Method: This is cross-sectional questionnaire-based research. The dentists were contacted by e-mail. The study assessed the dental practitioners' level of knowledge on oral cancer, frequency of performing biopsies, clinical experience, and whether they received education on the subject.
Results: The average age of the dentists who participated in the study was 33.96 ± 9.79. 55.3% of dental practitioners were women (n=208), and 44.7% were males (n = 168). 64.9% of dental practitioners (n=244) did not perform a biopsy due to lack of experience. The average information score of the dentists is 4.70±1.66. For dentists with less than 5 years of clinical experience, the knowledge score was 5.09 and for dentists who had more than 15 years of medical experience, it was 4.17. There is a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge scores of dentists and their age in a negative direction (p<0,05).
Conclusion: The study determined that dentists require additional training, particularly in post-graduate programs and practical courses focused on oral cancer and biopsy, which are regarded to be beneficial.
Reproductive strategy of partially asexual brown macroalga Sargassum fusiforme: levels of asexuality and dispersal scale
Authors: Minamiguchi Sota , Hanyuda Takeaki , Jozawa Yuta , Chizaki Kenta , Maeda Natsu , Mizuta Hiroyuki , Uji Toshiki , Akita Shingo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Sargassum fusiforme is a macroalga of commercial importance in Eastern Asia, and understanding the reproductive strategy of this macroalga is necessary for conservation and recovery. Here, we used a population genetics approach to identify the reproductive strategy of S. fusiforme. To do this, we performed two sampling procedures: random sampling and quadrat sampling. For random sampling, we collected 80 samples at > 1 m intervals in Site A, B, C and D apart 700 m from each other. For quadrat sampling, we collected 207 samples using 50 cm × 50 cm quadrats comprising 10 cm grid, in two sites Site B and D. Clonemates within these samples were identified by genotyping using 14 (random sampling) or 13 microsatellites (quadrat sampling). For samples obtained by random sampling, only three clonal pairs were detected. For samples obtained by quadrat sampling, each quadrat contained 4–7 genets, and the size was 23.2 ± 14.3 cm (standard deviation) on average and 70.7 cm at maximum. Levels of asexuality was higher in Site B than in Site D, perhaps due to longer exposure time. Site B located rear edge of the intertidal zonation of this species. Over 65% of gene flow via sexual reproduction was limited to within the quadrats, whereas at least 10% extended for meters to kilometers. Taken together, these results suggest that S. fusiforme disperses its offspring sexually and asexually on a small scale, and sexually on a larger scale, with levels of asexuality varying depending on the stress originate from exposure.
Smoking Relapse and Withdrawal Symptoms Among Smokers Accessing Smoking Cessation Services Provided by the Primary Care Settings of Qatar
Authors: Zainel Abduljaleel Abdullatif , Mujalli Hanan Al , Yfakhroo Ameena Ibrahim , Ahmed Hafiz , Nuaimi Ahmed Sameer Al , Syed Muslim Abbas , Syed Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To demonstrate the most common reasons led to smoking relapse and the withdrawal symptoms associated with that relapsing as well as the socio-economic impacts of smoking cessation.
Methods
This study is part of a larger historical cohort study conducted on a sample of 490 participants attended the smoking cessation clinics in primary health care settings. The participants undergone phone interviews used a structured questionnaire form after approval to participate. Frequency distribution tables and proportions used to describe the results of the study.
Results
More than half (54.1%) of participants who initially quitted smoking by attending the smoking cessation clinics reported relationships with smokers as the main reason for smoking relapse. Emotional/Social problem led to relapsing among 37.2% of the participants. Withdrawal symptoms was relatively low (14.2 %) as a reason for relapsing.
Increasing in the appetite was prevalent among 79.8% of smoking quitter as the main withdrawal symptom. This followed by weight gaining in 71.8%, craving for cigarettes/smoking in 58.9% and feeling anger in 49.7%.
The smoking quitters reported positive impacts of smoking cessation on their socio-economic life, as 77.9% of them saved important amounts of their income and 68.7% saved extra time for their family and work.
Conclusion
There are many different reasons that lead to smoking relapse. The most prevalent reasons were increased appetite and weight gaining, as well as craving for smoking. Further studies needed to reach better solutions to combat smoking and the relapsing factors.
Role of the scrum process to imporve the quality of knowledge discovery process
Authors: Masud Izzah , Ali Sadia , Hafeez Yaser 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Agile development methodologies, such as Scrum, have emerged as popular approaches for product development, enabling teams to quickly respond to the changing requirements and deliver of value to customers in a timely and efficient manner. However, the success of an Agile product development approach is not guaranteed, and many teams face challenges in prioritizing and delivering the right features to their customers. Therefore, this paper explores the use of scrum to optimize quality of knowledge discovery and contributes to the field of agile product development. It will provide more accurate and detailed insights into the outcomes achieved by addressing those challenges in the scrum based development. This will help in clarifying and prioritizing the objectives and goals and it will facilitate the communication and collaboration between the stakeholders.
THz Polarimetric Imaging of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Handheld Scanner
Authors: Xu Kuangyi , Harris Zachery B. , Vahey Paul , Arbab M. Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Recent advancements in novel terahertz (THz) spectroscopic imaging technology have accelerated applications in nondestructive testing (NDT). Although polarization information of THz waves can play a critical role in material characterization, there are few demonstrations of polarization-resolved THz imaging as an NDT modality due to the deficiency of such polarimetric imaging devices. In this paper, we have inspected industrial carbon fiber composites using a portable and handheld imaging scanner, in which THz polarizations of two orthogonal channels are simultaneously captured by two photoconductive antennas. We observe significant differences between the two-channel images of the same sample, which are attributed to the anisotropic conductivity of carbon fiber composites. Using both polarimetric channels, we can visualize the superficial and underlying interfaces of the first laminate. These results also pave the way for future applications of THz polarimetry to the assessment of coatings or surface quality.
Asset impairment in accounting treatment of listed companies: the impact of exogenous shock and expectation management
Authors: Yan Xianzhen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This article explores the role of asset impairment provision in reflecting macroeconomic conditions, particularly the policy guidance effect under external shock conditions. Based on expectancy management theory, researchers analyze the asset impairment data of Chinese listed companies from 2007 to 2024, considering the negative correlation between asset impairment and GDP growth rate. Research has found that when the economy suffers from consecutive exogenous shocks, companies may reduce the proportion of expected future GDP growth in the decision-making process when setting aside impairment provisions, while increasing the proportion of policy guidance. This reflects an increase in uncertainty regarding changes in GDP growth rate. At this point, good policy guidance can enable enterprises to establish more optimistic and rational expectations under the guidance of monetary or fiscal policy expectations, thereby reducing the financial fluctuations caused by the cyclical adjustment of asset impairment.
Innovating Eco-friendly and Sustainable Diapers and Pads from Water Hyacinth and Coconut Coir
Authors: Rafin Md Danesh , Ohe Abrar Galib , Arpita Nuzhat Mahjabin , Mumit Sayed Huzaifa , Sikder Alman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Conventional synthetic sanitary pads and diapers pose significant environmental, health, and socio-economic challenges due to their non-biodegradable nature and reliance on plastic materials. This paper highlights the negative impacts of these disposable products on aquatic ecosystems, public health, and waste management systems. Furthermore, the research investigates the potential of water hyacinth and coconut coir as renewable and eco-friendly alternative materials for pad and diaper production. Water hyacinth, an invasive aquatic plant abundant in tropical regions, allows us to turn a problematic species into valuable material for sanitary pads and baby diapers. Additionally, coconut coir, extracted from coconut husks, offers absorbent and biodegradable properties suitable for diapers and pads. The performance, durability, and environmental footprint of water hyacinth-based and coconut coir/fiber sanitary pads and diapers are evaluated through laboratory testing and user feedback. Moreover, the paper shows the economic and social factors such as production costs, market accessibility, and community empowerment. By addressing critical challenges in menstrual hygiene and infant care, this research contributes towards decreasing water pollution and achieving sustainable development.
An examination of the fluctuation and long-term persistence of drought regimes in the Jing River basin using the PDSI–SWAT model
Authors: Mu Dengrui , Zhang Hongbo , Dang Chiheng , Yao Congcong , Zhang Yu , Lyu Fengguang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Droughts are becoming more widespread around the world. Drought warnings have become more complex as environmental factors affect drought severity. Furthermore, droughts have an increasing impact on social and economic growth. As a result, it is critical to analyze drought patterns and previous drought events. The study used the Jing River basin in China as an example and employed hydro-meteorological data from 1961 to 2013 to feed into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model. Through the persistence analysis, it can be found that the current drought will likely remain, with drought deepening in arid areas and water scarcity in humid ones. The findings indicate that monitoring the sub-basin for signals of inconsistent droughts is necessary to improve drought early warning systems and relief efforts, especially in areas with slightly lower precipitation. As a result, this paper suggests a basin drought zoning technique that may adapt to future local conditions, enabling the implementation of more efficient drought-relief measures in response to shifting drought conditions and patterns. This will bring new insights into the best framework for drought-relief strategies in various places.
Impact of forest cover and human intervention on crop water footprint
Authors: Ghosh Aindrila , Warwade Pratibha 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Water, the most needed substance, is declining alarmingly worldwide. This huge water consumption is due to the increasing population and rapid unsystematic urbanization. Water footprint (WF) is an indicator used to understand water consumption, whether it is visible or invisible. Water is majorly consumed in the agricultural sector. This study estimated the crop WF of rice in two urban districts, Ranchi, and Dhanbad, and two forest-covered districts, Palamu and Hazaribagh, of Jharkhand. The study was done for the paddy (rice) crop from 2000 to 2017 through the Cropwat 8.0 model. Ranchi and Dhanbad showed a decrease in consumptive crop WF (WFconsumptive) of rice i.e., 39.92 and 48.29%, respectively, during the study period, whereas Palamu and Hazaribagh showed a comparatively lower decrease with 24.12 and 23.45%, respectively. All four districts experienced lower WFblue than WFgreen. Ranchi is suggested to cultivate rice through rainfed agriculture due to higher WFgreen, good rainfall, and the lowest average WFblue with 167 m3/ton throughout the study period. This study also suggests preparing a proper data management system to calculate white WF at a regional and global level to reduce irrigation loss and achieve sustainable water management goals.
Exploring the Molecular Basis of Anticancer Activity in Various
Mushroom Species Against Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Ceylan İpek , Özerkan Dilşad , Emin Nuray , Akata Ilgaz , Altuner Ergin Murat 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Mushrooms are shown to protect against the side effects of cancer. Therefore,
mushrooms with proven anticancer properties and active ingredients are fascinating in the
search for new cancer drugs.

Objective:
In this study, the effects of extracts from Hericium coralloides (M1), Lactarius deliciosus
(M2), Lepista nuda (M3), Pleurotus ostreatus (M4), and Suillus collinitus (M5) together on HCT116
were investigated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to study the effect on healthy cells.

Methods:
MTT was used to determine cell viability. Dose-response curves were generated, the IC50
values of the compounds were calculated, and the effect of the extracts was compared using it. The
FTIR was used to analyze the quantitative changes of the cellular components.

Results and Discussion:
The evaluation of the IC50 values of all fungal species showed that they
reduced the cell viability of HCT116 cells. In contrast, no significant reduction in cell viability was
observed in MSCs. Changes in the ratio of cell membrane lipids, proteins, and cell nucleic acids
between control and fungal-treated HCT116 cells were detected by FTIR.

Conclusion:
Many of the chemotherapeutic agents are of plant origin, and many resources should
still be explored to inhibit the side effects of cancer therapy. The data obtained through this experiment
will serve as a reference for studies to be a new source of anticancer drugs in modern pharmacology.