bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knochenbruchheilung und klinische Belastungsstabilität
Authors: Rußow Gabriele , Heyland Mark , Märdian Sven , Duda Georg 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDer umgangssprachlich oft verwendete Begriff „Stabilität“ wird im Zusammenhang mit Osteosynthesen und Frakturheilung genutzt, um den mechanischen Begriff der Steifigkeit zu umschreiben. Die Steifigkeit einer Osteosynthese hat neben Frakturmorphologie und biologischen Voraussetzungen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Heilungrate und -geschwindigkeit der Fraktur, sowie die biomechanischen Eigenschaften des Frakturkallus. Durch die unterschiedlichen verfügbaren Osteosyntheseverfahren ist in Hinblick auf Fraktur und physiologische Beanspruchung und Belastung des betroffenen Knochens eine Osteosynthese anzustreben, welche die Frakturheilung durch ihre biomechanischem Eigenschaften unterstützt. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Einführung in mechanische einflüsse auf die Frakturheilung sowie Eigenschaften der häufigsten Osteosyntheseverfahren.
Risikofaktoren für Rückfall nach Elektrokonvulsionstherapie bei depressiven Erkrankungen
Authors: Grüter Jonas , Grözinger Michael 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Eine wesentliche Herausforderung der Elektrokonvulsionstherapie (EKT) ist die Vermeidung von Rückfällen nach erfolgreicher Akutbehandlung. Hierfür wird zunehmend das Konzept der langsam ausschleichenden Erhaltungs-EKT propagiert. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, Risikofaktoren für Rückfälle nach EKT bei depressiven Erkrankungen zu identifizieren.
Methodik Nach erfolgreicher Akutbehandlung einer depressiven Episode mit EKT wurde allen Patienten Erhaltungs-EKT nach einem festen Schema angeboten. Tatsächlich variierte die Anzahl der E-EKTs aufgrund unterschiedlicher Compliance im naturalistischen Setting. Alle Patienten mit einer Verlaufskontrolle von mindestens 6 Monaten wurden in der retrospektiven Analyse berücksichtigt (n = 82). Überlebensanalysen mit der Zeit bis zum Rückfall als abhängige Variable wurden benutzt, um den Einfluss der Risikofaktoren auf das Rückfallrisiko einzuschätzen.
Ergebnisse 34,1 % der Patienten erlitten innerhalb von 6 Monaten einen Rückfall. Mit einem verminderten Rückfallrisiko assoziiert waren 1. Erhaltungs-EKT, besonders innerhalb der ersten 3 Monate, 2. erhöhte durchschnittliche Ladung während der Indexserie, 3. Wechsel der Elektrodenposition von unilateral auf bilateral während der Indexserie und 4. männliches Geschlecht. Die Sensitivitätsanalyse weist darauf hin, dass das geringere Rückfallrisiko von Männern gegenüber Frauen insbesondere in den ersten 3 Monaten besteht.
Schlussfolgerung Erwartungsgemäß war Erhaltungs-EKT mit einer reduzierten Rückfallrate assoziiert, insbesondere die frühen Behandlungen nach der Indexserie. Daneben wurde ein Zusammenhang eines verminderten Rückfallrisikos mit einer höheren Ladung sowie dem Wechsel zu einer bilateralen Elektrodenposition während der Indexserie gefunden. Bei Frauen traten frühe Rückfälle vermehrt auf.
The utility of a novel colonoscope with retroflexion for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Tanaka Hidenori , Oka Shiro , Tanaka Shinji , Inagaki Katsuaki , Okamoto Yuki , Matsumoto Kenta , Boda Kazuki , Yamashita Ken , Sumimoto Kyoku , Ninomiya Yuki , Hayashi Nana , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims The PCF-H290TI/L produced by Olympus is a novel colonoscope equipped with some advantageous features for endoscopic treatment. It is expected to improve the potential for retroflexion and overall endoscope operability, which can reduce the difficulty of performing colorectal ESD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of the novel colonoscope in colorectal ESD.
Methods Three hundred and forty-eight consecutive colorectal lesions resected via ESD between June 2014 and January 2017 at Hiroshima University Hospital were included in the retroflexion ability analysis. We compared the retroflexion potential of PCF-H290TI to that of a conventional endoscope. Two hundred and twenty-seven colorectal lesions located in the left-sided colon and resected with ESD between April 2009 and February 2018 were enrolled in the treatment outcome analysis. Treatment outcomes using PCF-H290TI compared to those of the conventional colonoscope, and outcomes of the PCF-H290TI with retroflexion compared to those of the conventional colonoscope without retroflexion were evaluated by propensity score matching.
Results The retroflexion rate with the PCF-H290TI was 76 %, which was significantly higher than the 44 % rate with the conventional scope. Endoscope operability was better and dissection speed was faster when using the PCF-H290TI with retroflexion compared to the conventional colonoscope without retroflexion. There were no significant differences between the groups in en bloc resection rate and adverse events.
Conclusion Compared to the conventional colonoscope, the PCF-H290TI/L made it easier to perform ESD via a retrograde approach regardless of tumor location, and thus may be useful for performing colorectal ESD.
Synthesis of Novel Diaziridinyl Quinone Isoxazole Hybrids and Evaluation of Their Anti-Cancer Activity as Potential Tubulin-Targeting Agents
Authors: Kumar P. Ravi , Yennam Satyanarayana , Raghavulu K. , Velatooru Loka Reddy , Kotla Siva Reddy , Penugurti Vasudevarao , Hota Prasanta K , Behera Manoranjan , Shree A. Jaya 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo series of diaziridinyl quinone isoxazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against MCF7, HeLa, BT549, A549 and HEK293 cell lines and interaction with tubulin. Compounds (6a–m ) showed promising activity against all the 5 human cancer cell lines. Compounds 6a, 6e and 6 m were potent [IC50 ranging between 2.21 µg to 2.87 µg] on ER-positive MCF7 cell line similar to the commercially available drug molecule Doxorubicin. The results from docking models are in consistent with the experimental values which demonstrated the favourable binding modes of compounds 6a–m to the interface of α- and β-tubulin dimer.
The Influence of an Active Glove Arm in Softball Pitching: A Biomechanical Evaluation
Authors: Barfield Jeff , Anz Adam , Osterman Catherine , Andrews James , Oliver Gretchen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether glove arm kinematics during a windmill softball pitch impact pelvic and trunk kinematics as well as pitching arm shoulder kinetics. Thirty-Nine college softball pitchers (20.0±1.4 yrs.; 174.7±6.1 cm; 82.0±13.0 kg; 10.7±2.7 yrs. of experience) threw 3 pitches to a catcher while kinematic and kinetic data were collected. Pearson product moment correlations were run, and significant correlations found with glove arm kinematics, occurring before pelvis kinematics, trunk kinematics, and shoulder kinetics, were then put through a linear regression to identify whether there was any potential cause and effect. Results revealed that glove arm elbow flexion during phase 1 significantly predicted normalized shoulder rotation moment during phase 4 (t=2.60, p=0.013). Additionally, glove arm shoulder horizontal abduction during phase 1 significantly predicted normalized shoulder moment in phase 3 (t=− 2.40, p=0.021) and pelvic angular velocity during phase 3 (t=−  3.20, p=0.003). In conclusion, an active glove arm was predictive of a more efficient kinetic chain later in the windmill pitching motion and could possibly play a role in preventing injury by lessening pitching shoulder joint loads.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy and fundoplication: a novel NOTES procedure
Authors: Inoue Haruhiro , Ueno Akiko , Shimamura Yuto , Manolakis Anastassios , Sharma Ashish , Kono Shin , Nishimoto Masayuki , Sumi Kazuya , Ikeda Haruo , Goda Kenichi , Onimaru Manabu , Yamaguchi Noriko , Itoh Hiroaki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become the minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for achalasia; however, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) post-POEM has been reported. A pilot study was conducted in which an endoscopic fundoplication was added to the standard POEM (POEM + F) procedure to overcome this issue. We report the technical details of POEM + F and short-term safety results.
Methods POEM + F was performed in 21 patients. After completing myotomy, the endoscope was advanced from the submucosal tunnel into the peritoneal cavity. A partial mechanical barrier was created by retracting the anterior gastric wall at the esophagogastric junction with the use of endoclips and an endoloop.
Results POEM + F was technically feasible in all cases and created a visually recognizable fundoplication. The clinical course after POEM + F was uneventful. No immediate or delayed complications occurred.
Conclusion POEM + F may help mitigate the post-POEM incidence of GER and serve as a minimally invasive endoscopic alternative to a laparoscopic Heller-Dor procedure. This is the largest case series of peroral natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery without laparoscopic assistance in the human foregut.
Updated S3-Guideline Ulcerative Colitis. German Society for Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS)
Authors:   Authors,   Collaborators:
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis guideline provides evidence-based key recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis and upgrades the 2011 version. The guideline was developed by an interdisciplinary team of gastroenterologists, surgeons, pathologists, nutrition experts, and patient support groups under the auspice of the German Society for Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases. The guideline used structural S3 consensus-based methodology and includes statements on clinical practice, prevention, infectiological problems, surgery and nutrition.
Surgery for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases
Authors: Etherington Mark , Roses Robert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) arise from endocrine cell types along the luminal gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Stage and grade are dominant predictors of outcome. Optimal management of localized, lower-grade GEP-NETs involves surgical resection, which is associated with excellent long-term survival. While high-grade disease is almost always associated with rapid disseminated progression, metastatic, well-differentiated GEP-NETs can progress slowly and are compatible with prolonged survival. Management of patients with an advanced spectrum of lower grade disease can include a range of systemic and local therapies and requires multidisciplinary collaboration. While controversy persists regarding the optimal scope and sequencing of therapy, surgical management can have a substantial impact alone or in combination with other therapies.
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: El-Haddad Ghassan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), a targeted form of systemic radiotherapy allowing the delivery of radionuclides directly to tumor cells, has been used for more than three decades in the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) exhibiting high levels of somatostatin receptors. Recently, 177Lu-DOTATATE, a radiolabeled somatostatin analog, was approved by the US Food and Drug administration for the treatment of somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) in adults. Early phase I and II studies have shown the benefits of PRRT, but it was the NETTER-1 trial (a large-scale randomized multicenter trial for progressive well-differentiated advanced or metastatic somatostatin receptor-positive midgut carcinoid tumors) that provided high-level evidence of improved overall response rate, and progression-free survival compared with long-acting octreotide. In this article, we will discuss the evolution, clinical applications, and implementation of PRRT, as well as potential future strategies to enhance its clinical efficacy in the treatment of GEP-NETs.
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Hyponatremia in Pediatric Intensive Care
Authors: Al-Sofyani Khouloud A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA retrospective chart review was conducted to estimate the prevalence and severity level of hyponatremia on admission at the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a Saudi tertiary hospital. Hyponatremia was highly prevalent (67.2%) and severe hyponatremia was frequent among patients with Pediatric Risk of Mortality score > 10%. Severe hyponatremia was also associated with increased length of stay (p = 0.04) and a trend of increased mortality (p = 0.054). However, disease severity was not an independent risk factor of mortality in PICU, but might confound other risk factors that render the children requiring prolonged hospital stay, mechanical ventilation, and increased health costs.
NASH in Lean Individuals
Authors: Younes Ramy , Bugianesi Elisabetta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is generally associated with obesity and the related comorbidities but it can also develop in subjects with a body mass index (BMI) within the ethnic-specific cutoff of 25 kg/m2 BMI in Caucasian and 23 kg/m2 in Asian subjects, the so-called “lean” NAFLD. This sub-phenotype of NAFLD patients has been described across populations of different ethnicity, particularly in Asia, but it can be diagnosed in 10 to 20% of nonobese Americans and Caucasians. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning the “lean” phenotype are not completely understood, but they may include a more dysfunctional fat (visceral obesity, differences in adipocyte differentiation and altered lipid turnover), altered body composition (decreased muscle mass), a genetic background, not limited to patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) C > G polymorphisms, epigenetic changes occurring early in life and a different pattern of gut microbiota. Lean subjects with NAFLD have milder features of the metabolic syndrome when compared with obese patients. Nonetheless they have a higher prevalence of metabolic alterations (e.g., dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes) compared with healthy controls. Data on histological severity are controversial, but they can develop the full spectrum of liver disease associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH. Since lean NAFLD usually present with less obesity-related comorbidities, it is commonly believed that this group would follow a relatively benign clinical course but recent data challenge this concept. Here, the authors describe the current knowledge about NAFLD in lean individuals and highlight the unanswered questions and gaps in the field.
The evolution of word prosody in the Papuan languages of Eastern Timor
Authors: Heston Tyler M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Word prosody and sentence-level intonation undergo complex interactions through time. In this study, I focus on
the effects of intonation on the development of word prosody in two closely related Papuan languages, Makalero and Fataluku.
Though both are very similar segmentally, Makalero’s prosodic system is based on trochaic stress, while Fataluku is
characterized primarily by phrase-level intonational contours. On the basis of internal comparative evidence, I demonstrate that
the trochaic stress system of Makalero is older, and that a series of well-motivated sound changes has led to a dissociation of
stress and intonation in Fataluku. A disassociation between stress and intonation is typologically unexpected, and analysis of the
historical development of Fataluku’s system sheds light on how such a dissociation may have taken place.
Associative learning of flowers by generalist bumble bees can be mediated by microbes on the petals
Authors: Russell Avery L , Ashman Tia-Lynn 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Communication is often vital to the maintenance of mutualisms. In plant-pollinator mutualisms, plants signal pollinators via floral displays, composed of olfactory, visual, and other plant-derived cues. While plants are understood to be associated with microbes, only recently has the role of microbial (yeast and bacteria) inhabitants of flowers as intermediaries of plant-pollinator communication been recognized. Animals frequently use microbial cues to find resources, yet no study has examined whether microbes directly mediate learned and innate pollinator responses. Here, we asked whether microbes on the flower surface, independent of their modification of floral rewards, can mediate these key components of pollinator preference. In the field, we characterized flower and bumble bee microbial abundance, and in laboratory assays we tested whether bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) discriminated flowers on the basis of an experimental floral microbial community on the petals and whether microbe-derived chemicals were effective cues. Learning of microbial community cues was associative and reward context-dependent and mediated by microbial chemicals. Deconstructing the experimental microbial community showed bees innately avoided flowers with bacteria, but were undeterred by yeast. Microbial cues thus potentially facilitate dynamic communication between plants and pollinators such as bumble bees, especially as pollinator visitation can change flower microbiota. We suggest that the study of communication in mutualism generally would benefit by considering not only the multicellular eukaryote partners, but their microbial associates.
InterMineR: an R package for InterMine databases
Authors: Kyritsis Konstantinos A , Wang Bing , Sullivan Julie , Lyne Rachel , Micklem Gos 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Summary
InterMineR is a package designed to provide a flexible interface between the R programming environment and biological databases built using the InterMine platform. The package offers access to the flexible query builder and the library of term enrichment tools of the InterMine framework, as well as interoperability with other Bioconductor packages. This facilitates automation of data retrieval tasks as well as downstream analysis with existing statistical tools in the R environment.

Availability and implementation
InterMineR is free and open source, released under the LGPL licence and available from the Bioconductor project and Github (https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/InterMineR.html, https://github.com/intermine/interMineR).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
SVIM: structural variant identification using mapped long reads
Authors: Heller David , Vingron Martin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Structural variants are defined as genomic variants larger than 50 bp. They have been shown to affect more bases in any given genome than single-nucleotide polymorphisms or small insertions and deletions. Additionally, they have great impact on human phenotype and diversity and have been linked to numerous diseases. Due to their size and association with repeats, they are difficult to detect by shotgun sequencing, especially when based on short reads. Long read, single-molecule sequencing technologies like those offered by Pacific Biosciences or Oxford Nanopore Technologies produce reads with a length of several thousand base pairs. Despite the higher error rate and sequencing cost, long-read sequencing offers many advantages for the detection of structural variants. Yet, available software tools still do not fully exploit the possibilities.

Results
We present SVIM, a tool for the sensitive detection and precise characterization of structural variants from long-read data. SVIM consists of three components for the collection, clustering and combination of structural variant signatures from read alignments. It discriminates five different variant classes including similar types, such as tandem and interspersed duplications and novel element insertions. SVIM is unique in its capability of extracting both the genomic origin and destination of duplications. It compares favorably with existing tools in evaluations on simulated data and real datasets from Pacific Biosciences and Nanopore sequencing machines.

Availability and implementation
The source code and executables of SVIM are available on Github: github.com/eldariont/svim. SVIM has been implemented in Python 3 and published on bioconda and the Python Package Index.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The ReproGenomics Viewer: a multi-omics and cross-species resource compatible with single-cell studies for the reproductive science community
Authors: Darde Thomas A , Lecluze Estelle , Lardenois Aurélie , Stévant Isabelle , Alary Nathan , Tüttelmann Frank , Collin Olivier , Nef Serge , Jégou Bernard , Rolland Antoine D , Chalmel Frédéric 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Recent advances in transcriptomics have enabled unprecedented insight into gene expression analysis at a single-cell resolution. While it is anticipated that the number of publications based on such technologies will increase in the next decade, there is currently no public resource to centralize and enable scientists to explore single-cell datasets published in the field of reproductive biology.

Results
Here, we present a major update of the ReproGenomics Viewer, a cross-species and cross-technology web-based resource of manually-curated sequencing datasets related to reproduction. The redesign of the ReproGenomics Viewer's architecture is accompanied by significant growth of the database content including several landmark single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets. The implementation of additional tools enables users to visualize and browse the complex, high-dimensional data now being generated in the reproductive field.

Availability and implementation
The ReproGenomics Viewer resource is freely accessible at http://rgv.genouest.org. The website is implemented in Python, JavaScript and MongoDB, and is compatible with all major browsers. Source codes can be downloaded from https://github.com/fchalmel/RGV.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Other People’s Dirty Money: Professional Intermediaries, Market Dynamics and the Finances of White-collar, Corporate and Organized Crimes
Authors: Lord Nicholas J , Campbell Liz J , Van Wingerde Karin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article analyses the market dynamics of the misuse of ‘corporate vehicles’ in the management of finances generated from, and for, organized, white-collar and corporate crimes. The term ‘corporate vehicles’ is a policy construct used to refer to legitimate, legal structures, like trusts and companies, that facilitate a range of commercial activities. Such vehicles also provide opportunities for those involved in serious crimes for gain to control, convert and conceal their illicit finances, usually with the assistance of professional intermediaries, such as lawyers or financial advisors. This article empirically investigates key market features (actors/providers, commodities/products, services) and conditions (supply, demand, regulation, competition), with particular focus on professional intermediaries and how they facilitate the control of other people’s dirty money.
The Poles of Igusa Zeta Integrals and the Unextendability of Semi-invariant Distributions
Authors: Hong Jiuzu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We investigate the relationship between the poles of Igusa zeta integrals and the unextendability of semi-invariant distributions. Under some algebraic conditions, we obtain an upper bound for the order of the poles of Igusa zeta integral, and by using the order of the poles we give a criterion on the unextendability of semi-invariant distributions. A key ingredient of our method is the idea of generalized semi-invariant distributions.