bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcomes after cholecystocolostomy for progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: Chen Long , Xiao Hui , Ren Xiang‐hai , Li Long 
Published: June 2018

AimTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy of cholecystocolostomy surgery for progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC).MethodsFrom August 2003 to November 2014, 34 clinically diagnosed children, including 11 with familial intrahepatic cholestasis‐1 (FIC1), 13 with bile salt export pump (BSEP) disease, five with low γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) disease (levels <100 U/L), and five with multidrug resistance class III (MDR3) disease with high GGT (>100 U/L), were identified in our center. Data were collected retrospectively from individuals who collectively had 36 surgical operations and two orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT).ResultsSerum total bilirubin (0 = 163.54 ± 106.02, 36 months = 23.38 ± 17.66 μmol/L) and bile acid (0 = 325.83 ± 153.09, 36 months = 48.36 ± 79.71 μmol/L) decreased after cholecystocolostomy in PFIC patients (P < 0.001). All patients experienced decreased severity of pruritus (88.2% vs. 16.1%, P < 0.001) and a greater freedom from growth retardation after cholecystocolostomy (−3.35 vs. −1.03, P < 0.001). Defecation frequency increased in PFIC patients after cholecystocolostomy (P = 0.002). Four patients (three with FIC1 and one with BSEP) experienced recurrence of cholestasis and two underwent reoperation. Two BSEP patients underwent OLT. One patient with BSEP and one patient with MDR3 died due to severe diarrhea and dehydration; one BSEP patient died of intractable constipation.ConclusionsThis is the first long‐term, large‐scale analysis of cholecystocolostomy approaches for PFIC. Approaches single and well tolerated, and generally result in improvement of pruritus and cholestasis.
Professional collaboration in searching the evidence for an ill‐defined concept
Authors: McMahon Martin , Hatton Chris , Alberici Simon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper outlines the inter‐professional collaboration of the authors, a PhD student, his supervisor and an information professional, to systematically search the literature for an ill‐defined concept. The research question posed for the scoping literature review indicated that the topic, the subjective socio‐economic status and health of adults with intellectual disabilities, was rare. The need for a methodological search process was therefore identified and successfully carried out. The paper presents an analysis of the processes and the collaboration involved in developing a successful search strategy. The resulting transformative learning by the researcher of the professional practice of the information specialist illuminates their facilitating and supportive role in advancing health related research.F.J.
C/C–SiC composite fabricated via PCS–Si slurry reactive melt infiltration
Authors: Guo Wenjian , Bai Shuxin , Ye Yicong , Zhu Lian , Li Shun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe slurry reactive melt infiltration (RMI) method was used to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional RMI method utilized in preparing the large‐irregular shaped C/C preform. C/C–SiC composite was successfully fabricated via PCS–Si slurry RMI. Results show that it has a favorable physical bonding between the PCS–Si slurry and the C/C preform. After RMI, most of the Si in the PCS–Si slurry coating infiltrated into the C/C preform, the density of the C/C preform increased from 1.24 to 1.52g cm−3, and the open porosity decreased from 27.22% to 18.04%. SiC was formed on the surface as well as in the pores of the C/C preform. The as‐received C/C–SiC composite showed a pseudo‐ductile fracture behavior with a flexural strength of 76.4MPa. The mass ablation rate of the C/C–SiC composite is 0.34 mg s−1, exhibiting much better ablation resistance than the C/C preform with a mass ablation rate of 1.80 mg s−1.
Effect of whey protein addition on the nutritional, technological and sensory quality of banana cake
Authors: Camargo Liziane R. , Silva Letícia M. , Komeroski Marina R. , Kist Tarso B. L. , Rodrigues Carlos E. , Rios Alessandro de O. , Silva Médelin M. , Doneda Divair , Schmidt Helena de O. , Oliveira Viviani R. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWhey proteins are of great nutritional and technological interest and their addition to bakery products can provide an increase in quality parameters such as texture, flavour and colour. In this study, four formulations were elaborated containing 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of whey proteins. The physicochemical assessment included weight, height, volume, density, colour, hardness and centesimal and amino acid analysis. The sensory analysis included an affective test and buying intention. Height and volume after baking increased according to the amount of whey proteins added, while post‐baking density decreased. Whey protein added to cakes presented a protein increase higher than 50% when compared to the standard one. There was also a progressive increase in amino acids as quantities of whey proteins were added. The sensory showed a difference only in the 30% whey protein added cake, which proved to be less promising when compared to the other samples.
Moral mindfulness: The ethical concerns of healthcare professionals working in a psychiatric intensive care unit
Authors: Salzmann‐Erikson Martin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHealthcare professionals working on inpatient wards face the externalizing or challenging behaviour of the patients who are admitted. Ethical values and principles in psychiatric nursing have been reported to be important when approaching patients during the most acute phase of deterioration in their mental health. Hence, the aim of this study was to discover and describe staff members’ ethical and moral concerns about their work as healthcare professionals in a psychiatric intensive care unit. The study has a qualitative descriptive design and makes use of Framework Analysis. Registered nurses and psychiatric aides in a psychiatric intensive care unit in Sweden were observed during ethical reflection meetings. Four to six staff attended the 90‐min meetings. The data comprise observations from six meetings, which provided 94 pages of text. The results demonstrate that the work was described as being both motivating and exhausting. The staff faced ethical concerns in their daily work, as patients often demonstrated challenging behaviours. Three themes were identified as follows: (i) concerns about the staff impacting on patients’ experience of care, (ii) concerns about establishing a safe working environment, and (iii) concerns about becoming unprofessional due to expectations and a high workload. Ethical concerns included simultaneously taking into account both the patients’ dignity and safety aspects, while also being exposed to high workloads. These elements of work are theorized as influencing complex psychiatric nursing. If we are to bring these influential factors to light in the workplace, advanced nursing practice must be grounded in moral mindfulness.
What factors influence the decisions of mental health professionals to release service users from seclusion?
Authors: Jackson Haley , Baker John , Berzins Kathyrn 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMental health policy stipulates seclusion should only be used as an intervention of last resort and for the minimum possible duration. Current evidence details which service users are more likely to be secluded, why they are secluded, and what influences the decision to seclude them. However, very little is known about the decision to release service users from seclusion. An integrative review was undertaken to explore the decision‐making processes of mental health professionals which guide the ending of seclusion. The review used a systematic approach to gather and thematically analyse evidence within a framework approach. The twelve articles identified generated one overriding theme, maintaining safety. In addition, several subthemes emerged including the process of risk assessing which was dependent upon interaction and control, mediated by factors external to the service user such as the attitude and experience of staff and the acuity of the environment. Service users were expected to demonstrate compliance with the process ultimately ending in release and reflection. Little evidence exists regarding factors influencing mental health professionals in decisions to release service users from seclusion. There is no evidence‐based risk assessment tool, and service users are not routinely involved in the decision to release them. Support from experienced professionals is vital to ensure timely release from seclusion. Greater insight into influences upon decisions to discontinue episodes may support initiatives aimed at reducing durations and use of seclusion.
The effect of electrochemical cycling on the strength of LiCoO2
Authors: Feng Lin , Lu Xuefeng , Zhao Tingting , Dillon Shen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis work utilizes in situ transmission electron microscopy–based nanopillar compression to investigate the effect of electrochemical cycling on the mechanical properties of LiCoO2. The ultimate strength of LiCoO2 in the pristine state, and after 1 and 11 cycles are 5.62 ± 0.22 GPa, 3.91 ± 1.22 GPa, and 2.27 ± 1.07 GPa, respectively. The reduced average yield strengths and the large standard deviations of cycled samples, relative to the pristine powder, are hypothesized to result from nonuniform accumulation of Li+ site‐point defects during cycling; either H+ or Li+ vacancies. Density functional theory calculations support our hypothesized link between a nonuniform Li site‐point defect distribution in the cathode and reduction in the materials cohesive strength.
Knockdown of LINC01614 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell progression by up‐regulating miR‐217 and down‐regulating FOXP1
Authors: Liu Ai‐Na , Qu Hua‐Jun , Yu Cai‐Yan , Sun Ping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe tried to identify the function of LINC01614 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and reveal its underlying mechanisms. qRT‐PCR was applied to assess the expression of LINC016014 in LUAD tissues, noncancerous tissues and cells. Through colony formation assay, MTT assay and apoptosis analysis, we examined the variation of cell proliferation and apoptosis ability after silencing LINC01614. Moreover, the targeting interactions among LINC01614, miR‐217 and FOXP1 were validated via luciferase reporter assay, and then, we regulated the expression of miR‐217 and FOXP1 to ascertain their importance in cell proliferation and apoptosis. LINC01614 and FOXP1 were found to be up‐regulated in LUAD tumours and cells, whereas miR‐217 was down‐regulated. The experiment showed that target‐specific selectivity exists between LINC01614‐miR‐217 and miR‐217‐FOXP1 3′UTR. Furthermore, we disclosed that inhibition of LINC01614 could activate miR‐217, which subsequently restrained FOXP1. It was proved that LINC01614 promoted FOXP1 by inhibiting miR‐217, which ultimately stimulated the development of LUAD.
Effect of a concomitant elemental diet with maintenance anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐α antibody therapy in patients with Crohn's disease: A multicenter, prospective cohort study
Authors: Hirai Fumihito , Ishida Tetsuya , Takeshima Fuminao , Yamamoto Shojiro , Yoshikawa Ichiro , Ashizuka Shinya , Inatsu Haruhiko , Mitsuyama Keiichi , Sou Suketo , Iwakiri Ryuichi , Nozaki Ryoichi , Ohi Hidehisa , Esaki Motohiro , Iida Mitsuo , Matsui Toshiyuki ,   The Additional Power of Elemental Diet on Maintenance Biologics Therapy in Crohn's Disease (ADORE) Study Group
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to clarify the additional effect of a concomitant elemental diet (ED) for patients with Crohn's disease on maintenance anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐α antibody (anti‐TNF).MethodsCrohn's disease patients who received anti‐TNF induction therapy were enrolled. Patients who achieved clinical response (defined as delta Crohn's disease activity index [CDAI] > 70 and CDAI < 200) at 10–14 weeks after the start of infliximab or adalimumab were included. Eligible patients took a tolerability test of ED (900 kcal/day) for 3 days. Then, patients who preferred concomitant ED and whose ED tolerance was confirmed were allocated to the ED group and given Elental 900 kcal/day or more. Other patients were allocated to the non‐ED group. The primary endpoint was the cumulative remission rate at 2 years after baseline. Clinical relapse was defined as CDAI > 200 and/or need for additional treatment. Adherence to the ED was confirmed at each visit.ResultsSeventy‐two patients were included. Thirty‐seven were allocated to the ED group, and 35 were allocated to the non‐ED group. The cumulative remission rate at 2 years was not significantly different between the two groups (60.9% vs 56.7%, P = 0.98). Adherence to the ED in the ED group was relatively low, and only 11 patients were maintained on an ED of 900 kcal/day.ConclusionsThe addition of ED for Crohn's disease patients who responded to initial anti‐TNF induction therapy was not found to improve outcomes. The efficacy of concomitant ED in other clinical settings, such as loss of response, needs to be clarified in the future (UMIN000009789).
Comparative efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection during early and static stage of pathological scarring
Authors: Song Huapei , Tan Jianglin , Fu Qingqing , Huang Ling , Ao Ming 
Published: June 2018

SummaryObjectiveThis study aims to clarify whether the effect of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection during the early stage of scarring differs from the static stage, which still remains unclear.MethodsA total of 108 patients with pathological scars were enrolled in this study and were divided into 2 groups according to the time of first treatment after injury: the early stage group(≤6 months after injury) and the static stage group(>6 months after injury). Patients of both groups were then treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection. The Vancouver scar scale was adopted for the evaluation of scars, and a durometer was utilized for the measurement of the hardness of the scar. The visual analog scale was adopted for the assessment of patients’ subjective feelings (pruritus and pain). In the meantime, adverse drug reactions were also recorded.ResultsAfter intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide, most of the hypertrophic scars and keloids improved in color, thickness, softness, and vascular distribution. The hardness of scars improved significantly. The overall efficacy of the static stage group was superior to the early stage group. Most patients, after the injection of triamcinolone acetonide, had significant alleviation or even total loss of cicatricial pain and pruritus.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the treatment efficacy was better when applied during the static stage of pathological scarring rather than the early stage, which might be due to macrophages and their released cytokines. This study provides new clinical evidence for optimizing drug therapy of pathological scars.
Parental Work Schedules and Child‐Care Arrangements in Low‐Income Families
Authors: Hepburn Peter 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveThis study analyzes the relationships between parental working schedules and several aspects of child‐care arrangements for young children in low‐income single‐mother and two‐partner households.BackgroundChildren whose parents work nonstandard schedules may hold child‐care arrangements that are less stimulating or developmentally productive than their peers whose parents work standard schedules. This study builds on previous research by expanding the set of outcomes under analysis, accounting for coscheduling in two‐partner households, revising traditional shift definitions, and using recent, nationally representative data.MethodThe 2012 National Survey of Early Care and Education is used to develop work schedule typologies. Regression methods are employed to evaluate the relationships between these schedules and the use of center‐based, home‐based, and relative care; continuity of care; and complexity of care (a new measure introduced as an alternative to care multiplicity).ResultsNonstandard schedules are associated with increased child‐care complexity and decreased continuity and the types of care that children receive in single‐mother households but less so in two‐partner households. In two‐partner households the largest effects are in households in which both partners work standard schedules; children in these households receive more nonparental care and are in more complex child‐care arrangements.ConclusionFindings point to the cumulative disadvantage accruing to the children of single mothers, especially those working nontraditional shifts.ImplicationsLabor market inequalities yield consequences for children's development and intergenerational stratification.
3D melatonin nerve scaffold reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and increases autophagy in peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Qian Yun , Han Qixin , Zhao Xiaotian , Song Jialin , Cheng Yuan , Fang Zhiwei , Ouyang Yuanming , Yuan Wei‐En , Fan Cunyi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPeripheral nerve defect is a common and severe kind of injury in traumatic accidents. Melatonin can improve peripheral nerve recovery by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation after traumatic insults. In addition, it triggers autophagy pathways to increase regenerated nerve proliferation and to reduce apoptosis. In this study, we fabricated a melatonin‐controlled‐release scaffold to cure long‐range nerve defects for the first time. 3D manufacture of melatonin/polycaprolactone nerve guide conduit increased Schwann cell proliferation and neural expression in vitro and promoted functional, electrophysiological and morphological nerve regeneration in vivo. Melatonin nerve guide conduit ameliorated immune milieu by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, it activated autophagy to restore ideal microenvironment, to provide energy for nerves and to reduce nerve cell apoptosis, thus facilitating nerve debris clearance and neural proliferation. This innovative scaffold will have huge significance in the nerve engineering.
Effects of breed‐production system on collagen, textural, and sensory traits of 10 European beef cattle breeds
Authors: Panea Begoña , Olleta José Luis , Sañudo Carlos , del Mar Campo María , Oliver María Angels , Gispert Marina , Serra Xavier , Renand Gilles , del Carmen Oliván María , Jabet Sylvie , García Susana , López Montaña , Izquierdo Mercedes , García‐Cachán María Dolores , Quintanilla Raquel , Piedrafita Jesús 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the current study the collagen, texture, and sensory characteristics of meat from 712 yearling males of 10 local Spanish and French beef breeds raised in their typical production systems were described. The breed‐production system affected collagen and texture variables but affected sensory variables only slightly. There was a large amount of intra breed‐production system variation for all the variables. French breeds had lower values for collagen solubility (~12%) than Spanish breeds (~40%). Stress (WB) varied from 36 N/cm2 in Casina to 44 N/cm2 in Salers, whereas compression stress at 80% ranged from 35 N/cm2 in Asturiana de los Valles to 40 N/cm2 in Salers. Oven cooking resulted in higher cooking losses (24%) than cooking on a grill (12%). Cooking losses increased as the grill temperature increased. Numerous significant correlations were found among variables. Carcass weight is associated with all the collagen and texture variables. Correlation coefficients among texture and collagen variables were statistically significant and these correlation coefficients were in general higher for solubility percentage than for total collagen content, highlighting the importance of the solubility of collagen rather than total collagen in determining meat textural properties.Practical applicationsTo differentiate a product in the market, it is necessary to define its characteristics. Differentiation allows increasing the added value of products and, therefore, income of the farmers. In addition, it guarantees to the consumers that the product they purchase has the intrinsic and extrinsic quality features that they seek. For consumers, beef texture is one of the most important quality attributes sought, therefore, studying factors that can affect beef texture is a major interest for the industry.
Effect of short‐chain inulin on the rheological and sensory characteristics of reduced fat set coconut milk yoghurt
Authors: Chetachukwu Adegoke Samuel , Thongraung Chakree , Yupanqui Chutha Takahashi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe effect of short‐chain inulin on the rheological and sensory properties of reduced fat set coconut milk yoghurt was studied with whole fat coconut milk yoghurt as reference. The concentration of short‐chain inulin was varied at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% wt/vol, respectively. All the yoghurt samples displayed higher elastic modulus G′ than viscous modulus G″. However, 15% inulin yoghurt had the highest value for G′ and G″. The 15 and 20% inulin yoghurts displayed high yield stress (1,036.7 ± 2.39 and 368.23 ± 0.30 Pa). Addition threshold of 15% was established, beyond this level there was a significant decrease in the yield stress, firmness, cohesiveness, and consistency values of the reduced fat yoghurts. Using Pearson correlation analysis, no correlation was observed between firmness and yield stress. Similarly, there was significant correlation between the yield stress and instrumental viscosity (r = .957; p < .01). Furthermore, all yoghurt samples displayed strain thinning behavior except whole fat yoghurt. Carbohydrate was affected by inulin incorporation. Addition of short‐chain inulin improved sensorial characteristics such as taste, and flavor, but did not display significant difference in color and odor of yoghurt samples.Practical applicationsThe use of short‐chain inulin has grown globally owing to its functional, technological, and nutritional properties. However, its use is very pronounced in the dairy industry, where it has found increased use as fat mimetics and sugar replacers. The effect of short‐chain inulin (DP < 10) to act in reduced fat coconut milk yoghurt was for the first time investigated. Rheological, textural and descriptive sensory based test were conducted. About 15% wt/vol addition threshold was established beyond this level inulin takes no further part in the formation of gel system. These findings may suggest a template for short‐chain inulin addition in nondairy yoghurts, particularly reduced fat nondairy yoghurts where enhanced sensory related properties are of utmost priority.
Frailty in advanced liver disease
Authors: Laube Robyn , Wang Hogan , Park Laura , Heyman Joanne K. , Vidot Helen , Majumdar Avik , Strasser Simone I. , McCaughan Geoffrey W. , Liu Ken 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPrognostication of patients with cirrhosis is complex, depending on more than just the severity of liver disease. Scores such as the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) and Child Pugh can assist with prognostication, yet by focusing on physiological parameters they fail to completely capture the elements contributing to a patient's clinical status. Evidence is increasing to support an important role for physical functioning in patient outcomes. Frailty has been increasingly recognised in medical literature over recent years, including in hepatology where it is identified in nearly half of cirrhosis patients. It is a complex construct consisting of multisystemic physiological decline and increased vulnerability to stressors. Diagnosis is complicated by lack of a consensus definition and measurement tool for frailty in cirrhosis. Frailty heralds a poor prognosis, predicting increased morbidity and mortality both pre‐ and postliver transplant, independent of MELD score. It is thought to be reversible, with promising data supporting prehabilitation and lifestyle intervention programs. In the future, assessment of patients with cirrhosis is likely to incorporate a measure of frailty, however, further research is required.