bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new selection principle for model compounds in quantitative structure–retention relationship by HPLC for the determination of n‐octanol/water partition coefficients of bisphenols
Authors: Han Shuying , Song Yilin , Guan Hanyu , Chen Tao , Chi Yumei , Deng Haishan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe n‐octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) is an important parameter for evaluating the migration rules of pollutants in food, as well as assessing their risks to environment and biology. A high‐performance liquid chromatography method based on the quantitative structure–retention relationship was used for Kow determination in this work. The logkw–S linear relationship was established between the slope S of the Snyder–Soczewinski equation, and its intercept, which represents the logarithm of the high‐performance liquid chromatography retention factor of the solute corresponding to 100% water as the mobile phase (logkw) in methanol/water binary system. As a criterion of material structure similarity, the linearity of the logkw–S relationship was used to assess the rationality of the selected model compounds. Based on this principle, 18 analogues with reliable experimental Kow data were chosen as the quantitative structure–retention relationship model compounds for establishing linear relationship between the logarithm of apparent n‐octanol/water partition coefficient (logKow″) and logkw. A good correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.976), as well as satisfactory results in internal and external validation (the cross‐validated correlation coefficient R2cv of 0.971, and relative error ≤8.8% for nine validation compounds) indicated the reliability and accuracy of the proposed quantitative structure–retention relationship model to predict the Kow. This model was applied to measure the Kow of 11 bisphenols, and the predicted data were compared with software‐calculated values. The result suggests that the method for Kow determination developed in this work is accurate and provides a new protocol to determine the Kow accurately. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on measured Kow data for these bisphenols.
Integrated response surface methodology and UHPLC coupled with triple quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS quantitation to investigate the salt‐processing chemistry of traditional Chinese medicines: A case study on Achyranthes bidentata
Authors: Tao Yi , Ni Jia , Li Weidong , Cai Baochang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry approach for the quantification of eight bioactive constituents, including β‐ecdysterone, 25S‐inokosterone, achyranthoside D, ginsenoside Ro, chikusetsusaponin IV, achyranthoside C, chikusetsaponin IVa, and 13‐hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, in raw and salt‐processed Achyranthes bidentata was developed and validated. Response surface methodology was employed for optimization of three parameters of ultrasound‐assisted extraction process, including the extraction time, methanol percentage, and solvent volume, to give optimum extraction conditions as follows: extraction time of 40.2 min, methanol percentage 67.2% v/v, and solvent volume of 48.4 mL. The established approach was interrogated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, repeatability as well as recovery. Intra‐ and inter‐assay variability for all analytes ranged from 1.6 to 3.1% and from 2.0 to 3.2%, respectively. The standard addition method determined recovery rates for each analyte (99.2–103.6%). In addition, the developed approach was applied to 20 batches of collected raw samples of Achyranthes bidentata and their salt‐processed products. After salt‐processing, the contents of β‐ecdysterone, 25S‐inokosterone, achyranthoside D, chikusetsusaponin IV and achyranthoside C were elevated, while the content of ginsenoside Ro was decreased. The results showed that experimental design in combination with ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry quantification provided insights into the chemistry alteration between raw Achyranthes bidentata and its salt‐processed product.
MuMonDE: A framework for evaluating model clone detectors using model mutation analysis
Authors: Stephan Matthew , Cordy James R. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryModel‐driven engineering is an increasingly prevalent approach in software engineering where models are the primary artifacts throughout a project's life cycle. A growing form of analysis and quality assurance in these projects is model clone detection, which identifies similar model elements. As model clone detection research and tools emerge, methods must be established to assess model clone detectors and techniques. In this paper, we describe the MuMonDE framework, which researchers and practitioners can use to evaluate model clone detectors using mutation analysis on the models each detector is geared towards. MuMonDE applies mutation testing in a novel way by randomly mutating model elements within existing projects to emulate various types of clones that can exist within that domain. It consists of 2 main phases. The mutation phase involves determining the mutation targets, selecting the appropriate mutation operations, and injecting mutants. The second phase, evaluation, involves detecting model clones, preprocessing clone reports, analyzing those reports to calculate recall and precision, and visualizing the data. We introduce MuMonDE by describing each phase in detail. We present our experiences and examples in successfully developing a MuMonDE implementation capable of evaluating Simulink model clone detectors. We validate MuMonDE by demonstrating its ability to answer evaluation questions and provide insights based on the data it generates. With this research using mutation analysis, our goal is to improve model clone detection and its analytical capabilities, thus improving model‐driven engineering as a whole.
Fetal cardiac tumor: echocardiography, clinical outcome and genetic analysis in 53 cases
Authors: Chen J. , Wang J. , Sun H. , Gu X. , Hao X. , Fu Y. , Zhang Y. , Liu X. , Zhang H. , Han L. , He Y. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyze the imaging and clinical features of fetal cardiac tumors, and to explore the relationship between tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and cardiac rhabdomyoma in the fetus.MethodsFifty‐three women pregnant with a fetus affected by cardiac tumor(s) were examined by standardized fetal echocardiography (FE), and fetuses, mothers and fathers, including other relevant family members if necessary, underwent familial TSC genetic testing. Relevant pathological features, including pathological findings at clinical examination of liveborn infants and autopsy findings in terminated cases, were noted.ResultsOf the 53 fetuses, 37 had multiple cardiac tumors and 16 had a single cardiac tumor detected by FE. In all 53 fetuses and their families, TSC genetic testing was successful, showing that 37 of the fetuses had a TSC1 (n = 6) or TSC2 (n = 31) pathogenic or suspected pathogenic mutation, of which 25 were spontaneous and 12 were familial mutations. The proportion of single and multiple cardiac tumors at FE was significantly different between the group of fetuses with positive genetic test results and that with negative results for TSC (31% and 86%, respectively), although the presence of multiple or single tumors was not associated with the type of TSC mutation. The decision to terminate the pregnancy was made by 45 women and their families, and eight fetuses were liveborn. Autopsy was performed in 38 fetuses, which revealed 36 cases with pathologically confirmed cardiac rhabdomyoma, one case of hemangioma and one case of fibroma. 93% of fetuses with multiple rhabdomyomas at autopsy and 71% of those with a single cardiac rhabdomyoma harbored a TSC1 or TSC2 mutation.ConclusionCardiac rhabdomyoma is the most common cardiac tumor in the fetus. The correlation between cardiac rhabdomyoma and TSC is strong regardless of the presence of single or multiple tumors. For fetuses with suspected cardiac rhabdomyoma identified by FE, prenatal genetic testing for TSC of both fetus and family members is recommended. A positive genetic diagnosis can help in counseling and planning for neonatal treatment. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Comparison of a Manual and an Automated Tracking Method for Tibetan Plateau Vortices
Authors: Curio Julia , Chen Yongren , Schiemann Reinhard , Turner Andrew G. , Wong Kai Chi , Hodges Kevin , Li Yueqing 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTibetan Plateau vortices (TPVs) are mesoscale cyclones originating over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the extended summer season (April–September). Most TPVs stay on the TP, but a small number can move off the TP to the east. TPVs are known to be one of the main precipitation-bearing systems on the TP and moving-off TPVs have been associated with heavy precipitation and flooding downstream of the TP (e.g., in Sichuan province or over the Yangtze River Valley). Identifying and tracking TPVs is difficult because of their comparatively small horizontal extent (400–800 km) and the limited availability of soundings over the TP, which in turn constitutes a challenge for short-term predictions of TPV-related impacts and for the climatological study of TPVs.In this study k](i) manual tracking (MT) results using radiosonde data from a network over and downstream of the TP are compared with (ii) results obtained by an automated tracking (AT) algorithm applied to ERA-Interim data. Ten MT-TPV cases are selected based on method (i) and matched to and compared with the corresponding AT-TPVs identified with method (ii). Conversely k]ten AT-TPVs are selected and compared with the corresponding MT-TPVs. In general k]the comparison shows good results in cases where the underlying data are in good agreement k]but considerable differences are also seen in some cases and explained in terms of differences in the tracking methods k]data availability/coverage and disagreement between sounding and ERA-Interim data. Recommendations are given for future efforts in TPV detection and tracking k]including in an operational weather forecasting context.
Air pollutants and early origins of respiratory diseases
Authors: Kim Dasom , Chen Zi , Zhou Lin‐Fu , Huang Shou‐Xiong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAir pollution is a global health threat and causes millions of human deaths annually. The late onset of respiratory diseases in children and adults due to prenatal or perinatal exposure to air pollutants is emerging as a critical concern in human health. Pregnancy and fetal development stages are highly susceptible to environmental exposure and tend to develop a long‐term impact in later life. In this review, we briefly glance at the direct impact of outdoor and indoor air pollutants on lung diseases and pregnancy disorders. We further focus on lung complications in later life with early exposure to air pollutants. Epidemiological evidence is provided to show the association of prenatal or perinatal exposure to air pollutants with various adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, lower birth weight, and lung developmental defects, which further associate with respiratory diseases and reduced lung function in children and adults. Mechanistic evidence is also discussed to support that air pollutants impact various cellular and molecular targets at early life, which link to the pathogenesis and altered immune responses related to abnormal respiratory functions and lung diseases in later life.
MicroRNA‐21 is upregulated during intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by ischemia reperfusion
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhang Feng , He Dai‐Kun , Fan Xiao‐Ming , Shen Jie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the expression of miRNA‐21 during intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by intestinal ischemia reperfusion. Forty SPF SD rats were divided into 5 groups randomly. Intestinal ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) was induced by mesenteric artery occlusion for 1 h and reperfusion for 1 h, and the rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after reperfusion. Fresh intestine tissues were immediately isolated for the measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). The levels of cytokines, ICAM‐1, DAO, iFABP and MPO in serum were determined by ELISA. Intestinal tight junction proteins occludin and claudin‐1 were detected by immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot analysis. miR‐21 expression in intestinal tissues was measured by RT‐PCR. Compared with sham group, the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6 and ICAM‐1, DAO, iFABP and MPO increased while IL‐10 level decreased in intestinal ischemia‐reperfusion group. In addition, the levels of intestinal tight junction proteins occludin and claudin‐1 decreased while miR‐21 level increased in intestinal ischemia‐reperfusion group, compared with sham group. In conclusion, miR‐21 expression is upregulated during intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by IRI. miR‐21 may play an important role in the regulation of intestinal barrier function.
C and Sr isotope chemostratigraphy of Vendian–Lower Cambrian carbonate sequences in the central Siberian Platform
Authors: Kochnev B.B. , Pokrovsky B.G. , Kuznetsov A.B. , Marusin V.V. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We propose a detailed δ13C curve for the Vendian and Lower Cambrian (Tommotian) strata of the central Siberian Platform. Two positive carbon isotope excursions identified near the base of the Yuryakh Formation (up to 5.5‰) and in the lower Bilir Formation (up to 5‰) are assigned to the lowermost and middle Tommotian, respectively. This correlation is supported by paleontological data, specific 87Sr/86Sr values (0.70845–0.70856), and similar C isotope record in coeval Early Cambrian basins. The documented minor vertical oscillations (a few meters) of these isotope excursions relative to the formation boundaries in remote boreholes is presumably caused by the spatiotemporal migration of facies. A high-amplitude negative δ13C excursion (–8 to –11‰) in the upper Nepa Regional Stage putatively corresponds to the global Shuram–Wonoka negative carbon isotope excursion (Middle Ediacaran). Carbonates of the lower Nepa Regional Stage (Besyuryakh Formation) demonstrate positive δ13C values (up to 5‰) and minimum 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70796–0.70832. The C and Sr isotope record of the Nepa Regional Stage provides its robust correlation with the Dal’nyaya Taiga and Zhuya Groups of the Patom Foredeep. Micropaleontological data herein reported and glacial diamictites documented at the base of the Vendian sedimentary cover both in the central Patom Foredeep and on its periphery suggest a full stratigraphic volume of the Ediacaran System in the most stratigraphically complete sections of the central Siberian Platform.
Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a retrogradational fan-delta system within Lower Triassic in the Mabei area, Junggar Basin (northwestern China)
Authors: Peng B. , Jin Z. , Wang J. , Jia H. , Zhu X. , Chang T. , Yuan K. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a retrogradational fan-delta system within Lower Triassic in the Mabei area of Junggar Basin in northwestern China were investigated using seismic, well log, and core data, complemented by the modern deposition and a flume tank experiment. The Lower Triassic in the Mabei area is dominated by fan deltas, which are composed of fan-delta plain (including subaerial debris flow, braided channel, conglomerate overbank, and floodplain), fan-delta front (including conglomerate shoal and sandy shoal), and prodelta. The braided channels form during the low flood period. The conglomerate overbanks form during the flood period and occupy most part of the fan-delta plain. The conglomerate shoals and sandy shoals form by a sheet flow prograding into lakes and occur as a sheet. The braided channels, conglomerate shoals, and sandy shoals are easy to form high-porosity reservoirs. One long-term base level cycles (LSC1), three middle-term base level cycles (MSC1, MSC2, and MSC3), and fifteen short-term base level cycles are identified. MSC1 is dominated by the fan-delta plain; MSC2 is dominated by the fan-delta front; and MSC3 is dominated by the fan-delta front and prodelta. The stratigraphy shows a proximal-middle-distal trend demonstrating an overall retrogradation stacking pattern. The sequence architecture is controlled by an interplay between lake level changes and sediment supply. The quick rise in the lake level and the creation of accommodation outpacing the rate of sediment supply result in a retrogradational fan-delta syste.
Death on the Dome: Epidemiology of Recreational Deaths on Half Dome in Yosemite National Park
Authors: Richardson Gregory D. , Spano Susanne J. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction One of the most popular destinations in Yosemite National Park is Half Dome. Overcrowding at the turn of the 21st century prompted a restriction of hiker access to cable handrails to the summit without technical rock climbing equipment. Prior epidemiological study of Half Dome deaths is not known to the authors. Our goal was to identify trends among all Half Dome–related fatalities in Yosemite National Park. Methods Multimedia sources were searched for deaths involving the cable handrails, subdome, summit, technical climbing, or base jumping. Results are reported as mean±SD (range). Results Twenty-nine confirmed deaths occurred on Half Dome, with 2 additional deaths likely on Half Dome. Age was 32±14 (16–86) y; 4 were female. Activity at time of death included technical climbing (36%), suicide (26%), utilizing cable handrails (16%), hiking (16%), and base jumping (6%). Of the cable handrail-related fatalities, only 2 were due to weather. There were 3 medically related deaths due to cardiac disease and altitude. Conclusions We identified 31 Half Dome deaths over 85 y. A minority were attributable to unfavorable weather or unskilled hiking participants. Climber registration could provide dependable denominators for accident incidence statistics. A renewed focus on suicide prevention is warranted.
Driving antimicrobial use improvement: attitudes of providers of adult hospital care on optimal attribution and feedback
Authors: Lines Tara H. , Nesbitt Whitney J. , Nelson George E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUnderstanding provider perceptions of antimicrobial use (AU) feedback is important for optimal implementation. A survey addressing AU attribution scenarios, feedback methods, and implementation barriers was distributed to inpatient providers. As AU scenarios became more complex, disagreement regarding AU attribution arose. All providers were highly concerned about barriers to AU reporting.
Evaluating Proactive Strategy in Patients With OCD During Stop Signal Task
Authors: Martoni Riccardo M. , Risso Gaia , Giuliani Mattia , de Filippis Roberta , Cammino Stefania , Cavallini Cristina , Bellodi Laura 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate “Proactive-Adjustment hypothesis” (PA) during the Stop Signal Task (SST). The PA is implied in the highly inconsistent literature, and it deals with the role of response inhibition (RI) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This hypothesis assumed that participants would balance stopping and going by adjusting the response threshold (RT) in the go task. We verified whether the PA strategy was also implemented in our clinical group. Methods: To reach this goal, we analyzed SST performances in a group of 36 patients with OCD and 36 healthy controls (HCs). To identify different participants’ behaviors during the task, without preconceived notions regarding the diagnosis, we performed a cluster analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed the influence of drug therapy and we investigated whether the rule and reversal acquisition investigated with the Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift, differed in the two clusters. Results: We did not find any difference relative to the number of patients with OCD and HCs included in the two clusters. Furthermore, we found that only Not Proactive participants performed the task as fast as possible, while Proactive participants consistently slowed down their RTs and showed a lower number of Direction Errors, higher Stop Signal Delay, and worse cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Our results show that among patients with OCD the use of PA is changeable and does not differ from HCs. This finding supports the idea that the RI heterogeneity concerning patients with OCD could be related to PA. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1–12)
INTEGRAL AND ADELIC ASPECTS OF THE MUMFORD–TATE CONJECTURE
Authors: Cadoret Anna , Moonen Ben 
Published: June 2018

Let $Y$ be an abelian variety over a subfield $k\subset \mathbb{C}$ that is of finite type over $\mathbb{Q}$. We prove that if the Mumford–Tate conjecture for $Y$ is true, then also some refined integral and adelic conjectures due to Serre are true for $Y$. In particular, if a certain Hodge-maximality condition is satisfied, we obtain an adelic open image theorem for the Galois representation on the (full) Tate module of $Y$. We also obtain an (unconditional) adelic open image theorem for K3 surfaces. These results are special cases of a more general statement for the image of a natural adelic representation of the fundamental group of a Shimura variety.
Assessment of Soil Moisture‐Temperature Feedbacks With the CCSM‐WRF Model System Over East Asia
Authors: Li Kai , Zhang Jingyong , Wu Lingyun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we perform two regional climate simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model driven by outputs from the Community Climate System Model (CCSM‐WRF) to investigate the role of soil moisture feedbacks in summer surface air temperature variability over East Asia for the period of 1976−2005. Strong soil moisture feedbacks on the daily mean and maximum temperatures identified by the CCSM‐WRF model system mainly appear over the region from southern Siberia through eastern Mongolia to northeast China, the Tibetan Plateau, and most areas of central and east China, accounting for 30%−70% of the total variances. Meanwhile, the simulated soil moisture feedbacks on daily minimum temperature are shown to be much weaker than those on daily mean and maximum temperatures. The soil moisture‐temperature feedbacks in the CCSM‐WRF model system are generally well validated with those from two reanalysis products. The analysis of the physical processes shows that soil moisture feedback strength is mainly determined by the ability of soil moisture to influence the local surface heat fluxes and planetary boundary layer processes. The reasonable simulations of present soil moisture‐temperature feedbacks indicate that the CCSM‐WRF model system can be further applied to understand the role of soil moisture in influencing projected climate change over East Asia.