bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lifespan Trajectory of the Encoding-Retrieval Flip: A Multimodal Examination of Medial Parietal Cortex Contributions to Episodic Memory
Authors: Amlien Inge K. , Sneve Markus H. , Vidal-Piñeiro Didac , Walhovd Kristine B. , Fjell Anders M. 
Published: August 2018

The formation of episodic memories is associated with deactivation during encoding and activation during retrieval in the posteromedial cortex (PMC). We hypothesized that the encoding/retrieval (E/R) flip is a critical component of episodic memory across the lifespan because structural and metabolic changes in the PMC coincide with the fine tuning of the episodic memory system in development and the reductions of memory performance in aging. The aims of the present study were, first, to describe lifespan trajectories of PMC encoding and retrieval activity in 270 human participants (167 females) from 6 to 80 years of age. Our second goal was to construct a model for episodic memory development in which contributions from brain activity, cortical thickness (CT), and structural connectivity are accounted for. We found that modulation of neural activity in response to memory encoding and retrieval demands was not fully developed until adolescence and decreased from adulthood through old age. The magnitude of the E/R flip was related to source memory and 55% of the age-related variance in source memory performance during childhood and adolescence could be accounted for by the E/R flip, CT, and mean diffusivity together. However, only CT and the E/R flip provided unique contributions with which to explain memory performance. The results suggest that neural dynamics in the PMC is related to the development of episodic memory during childhood and adolescence. The similar trajectories of the E/R flip and episodic memory emergence and decline through development and aging further suggests that a lifelong relationship exists.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTModulation of neural activity in the posteromedial cortex (PMC) in response to memory encoding/retrieval (E/R) demands (E/R flip) does not reach its peak until adolescence and decreases from adulthood through old age. The magnitude of the E/R flip is related to source memory and 55% of the age-related variance in source memory performance during childhood and adolescence can be accounted for by the E/R flip and brain structure together. The results suggest that neural dynamics in the PMC is related to the development of episodic memory function during childhood and adolescence and the similar trajectories of the E/R flip and episodic memory performance through development and aging suggests that a lifelong relationship exists.
A Functional riboSNitch in the 3′ Untranslated Region ofFKBP5Alters MicroRNA-320a Binding Efficiency and Mediates Vulnerability to Chronic Post-Traumatic Pain
Authors: Linnstaedt Sarah D. , Riker Kyle D. , Rueckeis Cathleen A. , Kutchko Katrina M. , Lackey Lela , McCarthy Kathleen R. , Tsai Yi-Hsuan , Parker Joel S. , Kurz Michael C. , Hendry Phyllis L. , Lewandowski Christopher , Datner Elizabeth , Pearson Claire , O'Neil Brian , Domeier Robert , Kaushik Sangeeta , Laederach Alain , McLean Samuel A. 
Published: August 2018

Previous studies have shown that common variants of the gene coding for FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5), a critical regulator of glucocorticoid sensitivity, affect vulnerability to stress-related disorders. In a previous report,FKBP5rs1360780 was identified as a functional variant because of its effect on gene methylation. Here we report evidence for a novel functionalFKBP5allele, rs3800373. This study assessed the association between rs3800373 and post-traumatic chronic pain in 1607 women and men from two ethnically diverse human cohorts. The molecular mechanism through which rs3800373 affects adverse outcomes was established viain silico,in vivo, andin vitroanalyses. The rs3800373 minor allele predicted worse adverse outcomes after trauma exposure, such that individuals with the minor (risk) allele developed more severe post-traumatic chronic musculoskeletal pain. Among these individuals, peritraumatic circulatingFKBP5expression levels increased as cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) mRNA levels increased, consistent with increased glucocorticoid resistance. Bioinformatic,in vitro, and mutational analyses indicate that the rs3800373 minor allele reduces the binding of a stress- and pain-associated microRNA, miR-320a, toFKBP5via altering theFKBP5mRNA 3′UTR secondary structure (i.e., is a riboSNitch). This results in relatively greaterFKBP5translation, unchecked by miR-320a. Overall, these results identify an important gene–miRNA interaction influencing chronic pain risk in vulnerable individuals and suggest that exogenous methods to achieve targeted reduction in poststressFKBP5mRNA expression may constitute useful therapeutic strategies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFKBP5is a critical regulator of the stress response. Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of the expression of this gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic pain development as well as a number of comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders. In the current study, we identified a functional allele (rs3800373) in the 3′UTR ofFKBP5that influences vulnerability to chronic post-traumatic pain in two ethnic cohorts. Using multiple complementary experimental approaches, we show that theFKBP5rs3800373 minor allele alters the secondary structure ofFKBP5mRNA, decreasing the binding of a stress- and pain-associated microRNA, miR-320a. This results in relatively greaterFKBP5translation, unchecked by miR-320a, increasing glucocorticoid resistance and increasing vulnerability to post-traumatic pain.
Robert Stam, leitor de A hora da estrela
Authors: Mousinho Magalhães Luiz Antonio 
Published: August 2018

Em A literatura através do cinema, Robert Stam aborda a adaptação da novela A hora da estrela, de Clarice Lispector, para o cinema, realizada pela cineasta Suzana Amaral. No texto, o autor indica uma questão crítica recorrente no confronto entre filme e obra literária, que é a exclusão do narrador-personagem Rodrigo S.M. da obra fílmica e de elementos de reflexividade relacionados ao narrador, bem como a relação dessa supressão com as tensões entre cinema narrativo e modernismo artístico. Buscaremos acompanhar o debate teórico e crítico de Stam, um dos mais relevantes teóricos contemporâneos, procurando suplementá-lo na abordagem das duas obras. Tomaremos por apoio a narratologia, com ênfase para categorias como narrador e personagem. Em termos de resultados obtidos, atestamos na leitura de Stam o respeito pela obra cinematográfica percebida em sua autonomia discursiva, bem como certa decepção pelo filme ter aberto mão das experiências de linguagem contidas no texto-fonte.
La Universidad Simón Bolívar, en el trasegar de la investigación, medición y visibilidad
Authors: Rodríguez Ferney 
Published: August 2018

Los cambios trascendentales que la Universidad Simón Bolívar han tenido en las últimas décadas en materia de ciencia, tecnología e innovación, no son del “aquí y ahora”; son consecuencia del esfuerzo institucional por comprender el discurso global y complejo que dinamiza la investigación científica del más alto nivel. De ahí que los frutos de hoy son efecto de la comprensión de dicha dinámica. Dinámica que en esencia, tiene como protagonistas de la historia institucional a sus profesores investigadores.
Hoy, tales esfuerzos no son estériles como ocurrió en el pasado, especialmente en los incipientes procesos de ciencias y tecnologías de los años 80 y 90 donde no cabe duda fuimos pioneros en la región Caribe, en cabeza del maestro José Consuegra Higgins, Aquiles Escalante, Fernando Piñeres, Alberto Reales Utria, entre otros científicos sociales de aquella época y que son la génesis de lo que es la investigación científica en esta Casa de Estudio. Adicionalmente, es ineludible destacar la visibilidad de aquella producción científica a través de la Revista Desarrollo Indoamericano. Ahora bien, cuando hablé de aquella esterilidad de los esfuerzos suele sonar fuerte, no obstante, era real, mas no era un malestar solo de nuestra universidad, sino de todas las instituciones de educación superior públicas y privadas de Colombia, en síntesis, era un problema paupérrimo del sistema de ciencia, tecnología e innovación de Colombia en aquellos tiempos bajo la dirección del aquel entonces Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología.
Сорбция двухзарядных ионов металлов группы железа глауконитом из трехкомпонентных стационарных и проточных растворов и сред, содержащих катионы жесткости
Authors: Вигдорович В. И. , Цыганкова Л. Е. , Алехина О. В. , Урядникова М. Н. 
Published: August 2018

Исследована сорбция 95%-ным концентратом глауконита Бондарского месторождения Тамбовской области катионов Fe(II), Co(II) и Ni(II) из стационарных и проточных растворов. Показано, что в первые 10-20 минут сорбции степень извлечения катионов металлов группы железа с исходной начальной концентрацией 0.1 ммоль/дм3 достигает 90% и более. Удельная адсорбция индивидуальных катионов в стационарных условиях в первые 60 минут составляет (8.4-10.0)×10-3 ммоль/г, практически не зависит от присутствия посторонних ионов и близка для Fe(II), Co(II) и Ni(II). Эта же тенденция сохраняется при сорбции из проточных сред с линейной скоростью потока, равной 0.3 и 0.5 м/ч, но динамическая емкость возрастает пропорционально повышению скорости.
Использованный сорбент полностью извлекает катионы никеля с исходной концентрацией 1.7×10-3 ммоль/дм3, равной ПДК для воды хозяйственно-питьевого и культурно-бытового назначения, при суммарном содержании Ca(II) и Mg(II) большем, чем Ni(II), в 147 раз
Исследование сорбционно-газохроматографического определения полихлорированных бифенилов в маслах
Authors: Первова М. Г. , Плотникова К. А. , Шатунова Т. В. , Салоутин В. И. 
Published: August 2018

Проведено исследование использования многослойных сорбционных колонок, в состав которых включены сорбенты различной природы (силикагель, полихром-1, полисорб-1, флорисил или оксид алюминия), для извлечения смеси полихлорированных бифенилов (ПХБ), содержащей ди-, три-, тетра-, пента-, гекса- и гептахлорбифенилы, из трансформаторного и растительного масел. Показано, что наиболее подходящим является использование колонок с полихромом-1, в этом случае требуется меньший расход элюента, степень извлечения одинаковая для всех групп конгенеров ПХБ и составляет 80%. Минимальное определяемое содержание смеси ПХБ при анализе в условиях ГХ-ЭЗД составило 0.002%.
Динамические характеристики микротермохимического детектора для газовой хроматографии
Authors: Платонов И. А. , Платонов Вл. И. , Платонов Вал. И. , Горюнов М. Г. 
Published: August 2018

Разработан микротермохимический детектор для газовой хроматографии, обеспечивающий работу с капиллярными, микрокапиллрными и поликапиллярными МЭМС колонами. Проведено сравнение основных технических и динамических характеристик разработанного детектора и с традиционно используемыми в практике газохроматографического анализа детекторами по ионизации в пламени, проволочным детектором по теплопроводности и пленочным микродетектром по теплопроводности. Установлено, что презиционность анализа с использованием предлагаемого микротермохимического детектора увеличивается в среднем на 30%, предел детектирования снижается в 100 раз, при этом значительно улучшается инерционность детектора, что обеспечивает возможность его использования при проведении высокоскоростных измерений в составе портативных аналитических приборов на основе микрофлюидных систем.
Фазовый и гранулометрический состав, структурно-морфологические и текстурные характеристики композиционного сорбента
Authors: Везенцев А. И. , Данг Минь Тхуи , Перистая Л. Ф. , Михайлюкова М. О. 
Published: August 2018

В работе представлены результаты исследований фазового и гранулометрического состава, морфологических и текстурных характеристик композиционного сорбента на основе бентонитоподобной глины и гидроксилапатита, синтезированного методом химического осаждения. Методами рентгенофазового анализа, ИК-спектроскопии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии зафиксировано образование кристаллов гидроксилапатита в композиционном сорбенте, которые расположены на поверхности частиц минералов, слагающих бентонитоподобную глину. Методом лазерной дифракции определено, что в композиционном сорбенте преобладают частицы размером от 1.0 до 10 мкм. Их содержание достигает 74.76 масс.%. Методом просвечивающей электронной микроскопии установлено, что кристаллы монтмориллонита имеют вид пленок размером 100 – 300 нм, гидроксилапатита – удлиненную форму длиною от 35 до 65 нм и шириною от 12 до 20 нм, размер кристаллов гидроксилапатита в композиционном сорбенте от 8 до 18 нм и от 5 до 8 нм соответственно. Величина удельной поверхности композиционного сорбента, определенная с помощью анализатора TriStar II 3020, равна 96.81 м2/г и больше на 85.78% и 12.85% по сравнению с бентонитоподобной глиной и гидроксилапатитом соответственно.
Evaluating the Utility Core in the Prefabricated Building Industry – past, present and future
Authors: Carbone Carlo , Eid Mohamed Basem 
Published: August 2018

Harnessing, distributing, tempering and supplying water, heat and power in a building produces its share of design, technical and coordination issues. Specifically, the relationship between hygiene and cooking functions and architecture has been underscored by even the most ancient civilizations as these services give a building its potential to serve and showcase architecture's hospitality. The relationship between services and architectural space has long challenged designers and manufacturers to streamline their piecing together. Throughout construction history and modern architecture in particular the wet service core or utility core sought to organize an efficient way of zoning services, their production and construction integration; The utility core epitomized this rationalization within a self-contained engine-like device positioned to serve the entire dwelling. This paper proposes an extensive review of literature and practical exploration in order to detect new potentials for designing integrated, technology-driven, flexible and adaptable prefabricated utility cores for today's industry. The core was intended as a hub accommodating mechanical and technological equipment; electrical services, plumbing fixtures, water supply, drain, waste, vent piping, telephone cables, and easy connections to site infrastructure. Today's techniques and building information modeling allows the core to be redefined in relation to multiple scales and various organizational possibilities with regard to space/function connections. Further an adaptable core articulated to the «open building» theoretical framework of layering systems to avoid entanglement and to maximize durability, can be part of a comprehensive strategy to enable customization. The vast amount of literature and precedents contribute to a robust historic narrative of two distinct approaches of architectural rhetoric and industrial production. This paper will endeavor to illustrate this narrative and evaluate the potentials for achieving broader application.
Study of common dermatoses in school children of rural area of Dakshina Kannada district, India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: N. Shreekrishna G. , Bhat Sinchana 
Published: August 2018

Background: Prevalence of skin diseases amongst children of a community is an indicator of health and personal hygiene of a society. School children are more prone for skin infections and majority of them are preventable. Present study aimed to find the common dermatoses in school children of rural area.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 400 children from three randomly selected schools. Socio-demographic data was collected using a pretested semi structured questionnaire and skin conditions were identified by examination.Results: Out of the total 400 children, 224 (56%) were boys and 176 (44%) were girls. The overall prevalence of skin conditions was 222 (55.5%). Majority (27.5%) had fungal infection, 15% had bacterial infection, 10% had parasitic infection and 3 % had viral infection.Conclusions: Prevalence of skin infections is high in present study, hence creating awareness about personal hygiene among parents, children and teachers is the need of the hour.
Maternity handover in Kerala: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sheikh Aadil , Dunphy Jessica , Humphries Claire , MacArthur Christina , Manaseki-Holland Semira 
Published: August 2018

Background: The objective of the study was to explore the referral system from the community to hospital obstetric care in Kerala, India.Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 206 obstetric inpatients in 3 hospitals in Kerala, India completed an orally-administered questionnaire regarding referral and attitudes towards healthcare information.Results: Among 206 respondents, 19 (9%) had been referred from another healthcare provider. In multivariate analysis, referral was independently associated with being in a tertiary hospital (p<0.001). At total of 17 referred women received a document containing hand-written notes from their previous healthcare provider. Just 3 of the documents available to view were formal referral documents; others were test results and/or hospital notes. A total of 170 (86%) of the 206 women thought that receiving documents such as referral letters was important; mostly because it helped them understand their condition and explain it to others (91%).Conclusions: A high rate of self-referral (91%) was reported by obstetric inpatients. It appears that some women who are referred do not receive a formal referral document. Participants thought that receiving referral documents was important. A strong health system requires transfer of information between primary and secondary/tertiary care services, which India is seeking to develop. Further research is needed into why women are not accessing community health services and the impact of the content of referral documents on patient care.
A Case for Alpha-Lipoic Acid as an Alternative Treatment for Diabetic Polyneuropathy
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc , Takemoto Jody K 
Published: August 2018

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate current evidence of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) regarding efficacy, safety, and cost to accurately compare it with other diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) treatments. The intention is to provide recommendations on future research and to promote utilization of ALA in the United States (US). Methods: A literature search was conducted on three databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. The following criteria were used to select studies: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label trials on ALA, (2) review articles and meta-analyses of RCTs on ALA, (3) study population consisting of patients with diabetes mellitus, peripheral neuropathic pain, and/or metabolic syndrome. Results: Twenty-five publications were selected including five RCTs and three open-label studies. Most clinical trials were conducted outside of the US. Current data provides evidence for the benefits of ALA in DPN treatment at a dose of 600 mg per day, either intravenously (IV) or orally, for a duration of at least 3 weeks with minimal side effects. Conclusions: ALA demonstrates effectiveness in treating DPN through multiple mechanisms to modulate pathophysiology and control symptoms. In addition, ALA exhibits activity in weight management and insulin sensitivity. The use of ALA for DPN in the US is worth considering because commonly prescribed medications have unclear mechanisms, more pronounced adverse effects, and are more expensive than ALA. Further research needs to be conducted to assess long-term efficacy of ALA in US patients.
Pengaruh model pembelajaran pq4r terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA materi ekosistem
Authors: Nasution Nurul Hidayah 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran PQ4R terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA materi ekosistem. Jenis penelitian adalah quasi experimental dengan rancangan secara random sampling sederhana berdasarkan undian. Populasi penelitian ini menggunakan kelas X SMA Prayatna Medan tahun ajaran 2015/2016 dengan jumlah populasi 235 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 32 orang. Hasil uji persyaratan analisis data, diketahui hasil belajar siswa dinyatakan berdistribusi normal dan memiliki varians yang homogen. Nilai rata-rata pre-test siswa 57,56 dengan estándar deviasi 7,56, sedangkan nilai rata-rata post-test siswa 79,38 dengan estándar deviasi 7,62. Analisis data menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05 dimana thitung > ttabel (15,76 >1,69), yang berarti bahwa hipotesis null (H0) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima. Sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan model pembelajaran PQ4R terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA pada materi Ekosistem.
Peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran sfae di kelas xi ipa sma ypi delitua t.p. 2015/2016
Authors: Nasution Suci Handayani 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining di kelas XI IPA1 SMA Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Delitua T.P. 2015/2016 pada materi sistem reproduksi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) terdiri dari tiga siklus, subjek penelitian berjumlah 20 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar pilihan berganda serta lembar observasi pengamatan aktivitas belajar siswa selama pembelajaran. Kegiatan perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus I: pembelajaran menggunakan charta, siklus II: guru memberi kartu pertanyaan, siklus III: guru memberi kesempatan siswa bertanya dan siswa lain untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan siswa sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa Pada siklus I persentase aktivitas visual, mendengarkan, oral dan diskusi 62,05% (tidak tuntas), siklus II meningkat menjadi 72,26% (tidak tuntas) dan meningkat di siklus III yaitu sebesar 91,79% (tuntas). Penelitian juga menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa secara klasikal, pada siklus I 45% (tidak tuntas), siklus II 70% (tidak tuntas), dilanjutkan ke siklus III diperoleh ketuntasan belajar klasikal 90% (tuntas). Hal ini menunjukkan penerapan model pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining di kelas XI IPA SMA Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Delitua dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dari siklus I sampai ke siklus III.
Videojugar puede disminuir la violencia.
Authors: Sánchez i Peris Francesc Josep 
Published: August 2018

Videojugar contribuye al control, percepción y disminución de la violencia. Es una hipótesis a corroborar en este ensayo planteado desde la neurociencia en el que se describen en primer lugar los conceptos de agresión y violencia. A continuación se estudian los sustratos de la violencia que para Muñoz (2010) tienen que ver en primer lugar con las emociones y en segundo con el temperamento. Seguidamente los mecanismos neurobiológicos que podrían conducir a la agresión y violencia y las consecuencias de una baja autoestima. Por último se describe cómo los videojuegos pueden contribuir a crear las condiciones sobre el cerebro para el control de la agresividad y la violencia. Videogaming contribuyes to the control, pecepction and reduction of violence. It is a hypothesis to be corroborated in this essay proposed by neuroscience in which the concepts of aggression and violence are first described. Next, we study the substrates of violence that for Muñoz (2010) have to do with emotions first and second with temperament. Then the neurobiological mechanisms that could lead to aggression and violence and the consequences of low self-esteem. Finally, it describes how videogames can contribute to create conditions on the brain to control aggression and violence.