bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of resistance training on patients with secondary sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Fang , Li Na , Yang Jinfeng , Yang Jinqi , Yang Weicheng , Ran Jianxin , Sun Peijie , Liao Yuanpeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo analyse the effectiveness of resistance training on secondary sarcopenia, we conducted a meta-analysis to elucidate the effects of resistance training (RT) on muscle strength (handgrip strength [HGS]), muscle mass (Skeletal muscle mass index [SMI]), and physical function (Gait speed [GS]) in patients with secondary sarcopenia. All studies published between 2015 and January 2024 on the effects of resistance training on patients with secondary sarcopenia were retrieved from 6 electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Core journals and the Wanfang Database. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 12 randomized controlled trials were included. Pooled analyses of baseline data and results were performed using Review Manager 5.3 with standardized mean variance (SMD) and random effects model. The study included 12 randomized controlled trials involving 639 patients (mean age 57.28 ± 2.66 to 79.6 ± 5.4 years). There are five types of complications among the patients: obesity, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, hemodiaysis, and pancreatic cancer. Compared with the control group, RT effectively improved HGS [SMD = 2.47, 95% CI (1.50, 3.43), p < 0.01, I2 = 94%]; SMI [SMD = 0.94, 95% CI (0.52, 1.36), p < 0.01, I2 = 56%]; and GS [SMD = 2.18, 95% CI (-0.01, 4.37), p ≥ 0.05, I2 = 97%]. Further subgroup analysis of the results showed that the intervention effect on grip strength was greater for non-elastic band resistance [SMD = 2.40, 95% CI (1.05, 3.75), p < 0.01, I2 = 94%] than for elastic band resistance (EBRT) [SMD = 1.22, 95% CI (-0.14, 2.58), p < 0.01, I2 = 95%]. The intervention effect of RT on grip strength is more significant in patients with T2D [SMD = 0.59, 95%CI (0.26–0.93, p < 0.01, I2 = 27%] and obesity [SMD = 0.74, 95%CI (0.32–1.15, p < 0.01, I2 = 0%]. For patients with secondary sarcopenia, Resistance training (RT) can effectively enhance muscle strength and muscle mass; however, it does not significantly improve physical function. Different RT intervention methods have different effects on patients, such as elastic band training and non-elastic band training (bounce ball RT; equipment RT, etc.). Different types of complications may influence the effectiveness of RT intervention.
Deciphering molecular landscape of breast cancer progression and insights from functional genomics and therapeutic explorations followed by in vitro validation
Authors: Khan Bushra , Qahwaji Rowaid , Alfaifi Mashael S. , Athar Tanwir , Khan Abdullah , Mobashir Mohammad , Ashankyty Ibraheem , Imtiyaz Khalid , Alahmadi Areej , Rizvi M. Moshahid A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is caused by aberrant breast cells that proliferate and develop into tumors. Tumors have the potential to spread throughout the body and become lethal if ignored. Metastasis is the process by which invasive tumors move to neighboring lymph nodes or other organs. Metastasis can be lethal and perhaps fatal. The objective of our study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) to Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC), with a particular focus on hub genes and potential therapeutic agents. Using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we built a comprehensive network combining clinical and phenotypic data from both DCIS and IDC. Modules within this network, correlated with specific phenotypic traits, were identified, and hub genes were identified as critical markers. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed their potential as biomarkers, while survival curve analysis gauged their prognostic value. Furthermore, molecular docking predicted interactions with potential therapeutic agents. Ten hub genes—CDK1, KIF11, NUF2, ASPM, CDCA8, CENPF, DTL, EXO1, KIF2C, and ZWINT—emerged as pivotal fibroblast-specific genes potentially involved in the DCIS to IDC transition. These genes exhibited pronounced positive correlations with key pathways like the cell cycle and DNA repair, Molecular docking revealed Fisetin, an anti-inflammatory compound, effectively binding to both CDK1 and DTL underscoring their role in orchestrating cellular transformation. CDK1 and DTL were selected for molecular docking with CDK1 inhibitors, revealing effective binding of Fisetin, an anti-inflammatory compound, to both. Of the identified hub genes, DTL—an E3 ubiquitin ligase linked to the CRL4 complex—plays a central role in cancer progression, impacting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, as well as cell cycle regulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CDK1, another hub gene, is pivotal in cell cycle progression and associated with various biological processes. In conclusion, our study offers insights into the complex mechanisms driving the transition from DCIS to IDC. It underscores the importance of hub genes and their potential interactions with therapeutic agents, particularly Fisetin. By shedding light on the interplay between CDK1 and DTL expression, our findings contribute to understanding the regulatory landscape of invasive ductal carcinoma and pave the way for future investigations and novel therapeutic avenues.
Pre-exposure immunohematologic features of heart failure associate with COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Zidar David A. , Wilson Brigid M. , Al-Kindi Sadeer G. , Sweet David , Juchnowski Steven , Huntington Lauren , Shive Carey , Bosch Jürgen , King Christopher , Karn Jonathan , Chung Mina K. , Gillombardo Carl B. , Karnib Mohammad , Sundaram Varun , Parikh Sahil A. , Jain Mukesh , Gunzler Douglas D. , Skarbinski Jacek , Tang W. H. Wilson , Anthony Donald D. , Chan Timothy A. , Dalton Jarrod E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChronic heart failure, like diabetes, is a pro-inflammatory cardiometabolic condition, but its association with immunodeficiency is less well established. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of US Veterans infected during the first wave of COVID-19 (n = 92,533) to identify relationships between comorbidities, pre-infection immunohematologic (IH) features (based on complete blood cell count parameters), and 60-day mortality. A biomarker sub-analysis of anti-SARS CoV2 antibodies and cytokine levels was also performed (n = 44). Heart failure was independently associated with higher COVID-19 mortality and with the specific IH alterations (especially relative anemia, anisocytosis, and lymphopenia) which themselves predicted non-survival or protracted inflammation. Over half the risk conferred by heart failure was mediated by its anticipatory IH features whereas diabetes risk was unrelated to its associated IH profile. These findings indicate that heart failure is associated with a COVID-19 immunodeficiency distinct from that of diabetes which correlates with antecedent erythrocyte and lymphocyte dyshomeostasis.
Object detection in smart indoor shopping using an enhanced YOLOv8n algorithm
Authors: Zhao Yawen , Yang Defu , Cao Sheng , Cai Bingyu , Maryamah Maryamah , Solihin Mahmud Iwan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces an enhanced object detection algorithm tailored for indoor shopping applications, a critical component of smart cities and smart shopping ecosystems. The proposed method builds on the YOLOv8n algorithm by integrating a ParNetAttention module into the backbone's C2f module, creating the novel C2f‐ParNet structure. This innovation enhances feature extraction, crucial for detecting intricate details in complex indoor environments. Additionally, the channel‐wise attention‐recurrent feature extraction (CARAFE) module is incorporated into the neck network, improving target feature fusion and focus on objects of interest, thereby boosting detection accuracy. To optimize training efficiency, the model employs the Wise Intersection over Union (WIoUv3) as its regression loss function, accelerating data convergence and improving performance. Experimental results demonstrate the enhanced YOLOv8n achieves a mean average precision (mAP) at 50% threshold (mAP@50) of 61.2%, a 1.2 percentage point improvement over the baseline. The fully optimized algorithm achieves an mAP@50 of 65.9% and an F1 score of 63.5%, outperforming both the original YOLOv8n and existing algorithms. Furthermore, with a frame rate of 106.5 FPS and computational complexity of just 12.9 GFLOPs (Giga Floating‐Point Operations per Second), this approach balances high performance with lightweight efficiency, making it ideal for real‐time applications in smart retail environments.
Distributed multi‐layer control of hybrid AC/DC grids: Design and experimental validation
Authors: Lazzari Riccardo , La Bella Alessio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs the electrical system becomes more and more decentralized, new control algorithms are necessary to manage the intermittent and non‐deterministic production of non‐programmable renewable sources, as well as the consumption of new loads like electric vehicles and heat pumps. Traditionally, electrical networks are controlled centrally, which provides full controllability of the system but introduces issues on scalability and complexity. This paper proposes a distributed multilayer control scheme based on model predictive control (MPC) applied to different portions of an electrical grid, optimizing power exchanges for balancing services. The first layer comprises local decentralized MPC controllers managing their areas, while the high‐level distributed supervisor layer coordinates the exchange of flexibility between the network areas by acting on AC/DC converters. The overall distributed control architecture is applied and experimentally validated through the distributed energy resources test facility of RSE, showing enhanced performances in terms of prompt control action and compensation of the power disturbances.
Advanced exergy analysis and performance enhancement of air‐cooled solar recompression supercritical carbon dioxide systems
Authors: Atarzadeh Amin , Ameri Mehran , Jahanshahi Javaran Ebrahim 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study advances the efficiency of a recompression power generation cycle using supercritical carbon dioxide, leveraging solar energy as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. It is the first to uniquely address the performance of air‐cooled solar recompression cycles by evaluating both the heat and cooling source. Traditional water and cooling towers are replaced with air and fans to conserve water and enhance cooling efficiency. The study employs advanced exergy analysis to identify optimization strategies and reduce exergy destruction. The baseline system “System A” identifies the precooler and main compressor as key areas for improvement. Two novel systems are proposed: “System B,” which integrates an intercooler and a secondary compressor to significantly cut exergy losses, and “System C,” which uses a single‐effect absorption refrigeration cycle to further reduce exergy destruction. The results show an increase in energy efficiency and exergy efficiency from 23.24% in System A to 25.72% in System B and 24.28% in System C. Advanced exergy analysis reveals that, although the central receiver and high‐temperature recuperator are major sources of exergy destruction, the heliostat and low‐temperature recuperator are crucial for system optimization. This study's unique approach combines comprehensive exergy analysis with innovative system proposals based on the results.
Morphology- and crystal packing-dependent singlet fission and photodegradation in functionalized tetracene crystals and films
Authors: Goldthwaite Winston T. , Lambertson Evan , Gragg Madalyn , Windemuller Dean , Anthony John E. , Zuehlsdorff Tim J. , Ostroverkhova Oksana 
Published: November 2024

Singlet fission (SF) is a charge carrier multiplication process that has potential for improving the performance of (opto)electronic devices from the conversion of one singlet exciton S1 into two triplet excitons T1 via a spin-entangled triplet pair state 1(TT). This process depends highly on molecular packing and morphology, both for the generation and dissociation of 1(TT) states. Many benchmark SF materials, such as acenes, are also prone to photodegradation reactions, such as endoperoxide (EPO) formation and photodimerization, which inhibit realization of SF devices. In this paper, we compare functionalized tetracenes R–Tc with two packing motifs: “slip-stack” packing in R = TES, TMS, and tBu and “gamma” packing in R = TBDMS to determine the effects of morphology on SF as well as on photodegradation using a combination of temperature and magnetic field dependent spectroscopy, kinetic modeling, and time-dependent density functional theory. We find that both “slip-stack” and “gamma” packing support SF with high T1 yield at room temperature (up to 191% and 181%, respectively), but “slip-stack” is considerably more advantageous at low temperatures (&lt;150 K). In addition, each packing structure has a distinct emissive relaxation pathway competitive to SF, while the states involved in the SF itself are dark. The “gamma” packing has superior photostability, both in regards to EPO formation and photodimerization. The results indicate that the trade-off between SF efficiency and photostability can be overcome with material design, emphasize the importance of considering both photophysical and photochemical properties, and inform efforts to develop optimal SF materials for (opto)electronic applications.
Evidence of long-distance movement of green sawfish (Pristis zijsron) in Western Australia
Authors: Ingelbrecht Jack , Allen Mark G. , Bateman Rebecca L. , Ebner Brendan C. , Fazeldean Travis , Krispyn Kurt N. , Lear Karissa O. , Lee Tegan , Lymbery Alan J. , McAuley Rory B. , Phillips Nicole M. , Whitty Jeff M. , Wueringer Barbara E. , Morgan David L. 
Published: November 2024

Context In this study, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to investigate kinship for the green sawfish (Pristis zijsron). Aims To examine the relatedness of P. zijsron across an expansive coastline in Western Australia. Methods Sampling was conducted between the Fitzroy River estuary and Bay of Rest in the eastern Indian Ocean (north-western Australia) between 2003 and 2022. SNPs were generated from tissues collected from 137 live and 1 recently deceased P. zijsron. Key results Overall, 62 individual P. zijsron were assigned to 25 litters of full siblings, with litter sizes ranging from 2 to 5 pups, and 76 P. zijsron individuals were assigned to 96 half sibling pairwise relationships. Four pairs of half siblings were captured more than 500 km and born at least 6 years apart, including one pair of neonates captured ~870 km and 8 years apart, in the Ashburton River estuary (Pilbara) and Cable Beach (Broome). Furthermore, a pair of full-sibling pups (i.e. young of the year) caught at Cape Keraudren (Pilbara) in 2008 were half siblings of a pup caught in the Ashburton River in 2014. Conclusions This study provides evidence of long-distance, likely parental, movement of P. zijsron. Implications Dispersal of P. zijsron over large spatial scales indicates that populations could be replenished from elsewhere should they experience a decline, thereby reducing the risk of localised extinction for this species.
Point of view and narrative in Wikipedia translation
Authors: Shuttleworth Mark 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wikipedia prides itself on its ability to provide nuanced and largely neutral information, while as part of its
participatory editing process translation is sometimes used to introduce content that can impact point of view. Because of the
clear overlap between narrative and point of view, this article proposes an initial framework based on narrative theory —
supplemented by Bakhtin’s notion of polyphony — to theorise point of view in Wikipedia and beyond. The article assembles a list of
methods and tools for synchronic and diachronic analysis and exemplifies how different analyses might proceed. In this way, the
article aims to problematise the concept of point of view, to contribute to the significant impact that translation studies has
had on narrative theory and to advance research into the specifics of Wikipedia translation. Along the way, the English edition’s
claimed neutral status is called into question as it also displays evidence of manipulation.
Revisiting the static spherically symmetric solutions of gravity with a conformally coupled scalar field
Authors: Ray Sourya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We revisit the static spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein’s general relativity with a conformally coupled scalar field in arbitrary dimensions. Using a four rank tensor introduced earlier we recast the field equations in a manifestly symmetric form to elucidate a somewhat less-known feature of dual mapping between solutions. We also show that there is a two-parameter subfamily of solutions which enjoy a duality symmetry and in four dimensions both the BBMB black hole and the Barcelo–Visser wormhole belong to this subfamily. Along the way, we rederive the full three-parameter family of solutions by direct integration of the field equations and a natural choice of ansatz which arguably has several advantages over other previously known methods.
Modeling the amplitude and energy decay of a weakly damped harmonic oscillator using the energy dissipation rate and a simple trick
Authors: Lelas Karlo , Pezer Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate how to derive the exponential decrease of amplitude and an excellent approximation of the energy decay of a weakly damped harmonic oscillator without solving the associated equation of motion and without insight into the analytical form of its solution. This is achieved using a basic understanding of the undamped harmonic oscillator and the connection between the damping force’s power and the energy dissipation rate. The trick is adding the energy dissipation rates corresponding to two specific pairs of initial conditions with the same energy. In this way, we obtain a first-order differential equation from which we get the time-dependent amplitude and the energies corresponding to each pair of considered initial conditions. Comparing the results of our model to the exact solutions and energies yielded an excellent agreement. The physical concepts and mathematical techniques we employ are well-known to first-year undergraduates.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm decontamination and removal by Ar/H2O cold atmospheric plasma in endoscope-like tubing
Authors: Antoine Remy , Juliette Zveny , Teo Serra , Dalila Lakhloufi , Amélie Bourgeois , Jacques Devière , Anne Botteaux , Alain Delchambre , François Reniers , Antoine Nonclercq 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In medical device disinfection, removing bacteria and biofilms is challenging due to the poor penetration of detergents into the biofilm matrix. This is specifically true for endoscopes, which cannot be fully sterilized. This paper presents a new technique for decontaminating and removing P. aeruginosa biofilm from endoscope tubing using cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). The CAP is produced everywhere inside a contaminated tube under sustained Ar/H2O flow. The tube arrangement mimics the working channel environment of an endoscope, which is particularly difficult to sterilize. The discharge’s chemical activity was optimized by increasing the voltage without increasing the total power, which enhanced the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The disinfection treatment was tested on 24 h grown biofilm using the crystal violet assay for biofilm removal and the regrowth assay for bacterial decontamination. The treatments demonstrated effective decontamination capabilities at all treatment times with no bacterial regrowth. Etching of the biofilm sample by OH radicals was observed. After 30 min of treatment, only 18 ± 4% of biofilm remained on the surface, indicating near-complete biofilm removal and total absence of bacterial regrowth. This preliminary study demonstrates the effectiveness of using the direct contact of an Ar/H2O plasma to decontaminate and remove biofilm from complex shapes, such as flexible polytetraethylene tubes. It has the potential to enhance and shorten the disinfection of medical equipment, such as endoscopes.
Full vector vortex beam based on multiple-degree-of-freedom modulation
Authors: Ding Shuang , Li Yan , Liu Rui , Liu Yi , Qu Shiliang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We propose a full vector vortex beam (VVB) that can be modulated by the multiple-degree-of-freedom synthesis method. The proposed method has broad flexibility, which also has a useful applications in optical micromanipulation and trapping. In simulation, full VVB of different polarization orders is generated, and the polarization orientation detection is also analyzed. In experiment, both circular VVB with a central symmetric structure and chiral VVB with an asymmetric structure are realized, that are consistent with the simulations. The polarization order of both types of vortex beam can be arbitrarily adjustable and is independent of the orbital angular momentum value. Additionally, a chiral VVB with radial and azimuthal polarization can be constructed and its conventional energy distribution can be modulated by multiple focal synthesis. Based on the proposed method, we can implement the multiple-degree-of-freedom regulation of VVB, including polarization order, overall size, overall rotation, and energy distribution. The proposed vector beam has the potential to impact applications in optical tweezers, optical micromachining, holographic encryption and optical communication.
Third order lateral grating distributed feedback quantum cascade laser emitting around 4.7 μm
Authors: Li Hongxiao , Liu Zizhuo , Zhuo Ning , Sun Yongqiang , Gong Min , Chen Anlan , Yao Jinlin , Lin Zhongxi , Liang Ping , Zhong Xingli , Su Hui , Zhang Jinchuan , Liu Fengqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lateral grating is an effective and concise method for realizing single-mode laser sources, and it exhibits significant research value due to its regrowth-free characteristic and ideal wavelength reliability. In this study, by combining a third-order lateral grating design with an advanced fabrication process, we demonstrate a lateral grating distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser (QCL) emitting around 4.7 μm with ideal single-mode performance and emission wavelength stability. A single-longitudinal-mode output power of 13 mW is achieved, with a side mode suppression ratio of 20 dB, and the wavelength shift ratio is as low as 0.04 nm mA−1, indicating exceptional wavelength stability. Benefiting from the improvements in high-order lateral grating design and the high-quality deep etching grating production, this research on lateral grating DFB QCLs simplifies the manufacturing process and controls the cost of mid-infrared light sources. This is of great significance for promoting the commercialization of mid-infrared QCLs.