bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cellie Coping Kit for Children with Injury: Initial feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes
Authors: Marsac M. L. , Weiss D. , Kohser K. L. , Van Allen J. , Seegan P. , Ostrowski‐Delahanty S. , McGar A. , Winston F. K. , Kassam‐Adams N. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposePhysical and psychological challenges can arise from paediatric injury, which can impact child health outcomes. Evidence‐based resources to promote recovery are limited. The low cost, portable Cellie Coping Kit for Children with Injury provides evidence‐based strategies to help children manage injury‐related challenges. This study aimed to describe intervention feasibility and explore initial outcomes (learning, quality of life [QOL], and trauma symptoms).MethodsThree independent pilot studies were conducted. Child–parent dyads (n = 61) participated in the intervention; ~36% completed a 4‐week follow‐up assessment.ResultsResults suggested that the intervention was feasible (e.g., 95% of parents would recommend the intervention; >85% reported that it was easy to use). Over 70% of participants reported learning new skills. No statistically significant differences were detected for children's QOL or trauma symptoms preintervention to postintervention.ConclusionPreliminary research suggests that the Cellie Coping Kit for Children with Injuries is a feasible, low‐cost, preventive intervention, which may provide families with strategies to promote recovery from paediatric injury. Future research, including a randomized controlled trial, ought to further examine targeted long‐term intervention outcomes.
Evaluation of Agri‐Environmental Programs: Can We Determine If We Grew Forward in an Environmentally Friendly Way?
Authors: Boxall Peter C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe environmental elements of the quinquennial agricultural policy frameworks are probably the largest agri‐environmental programs in Canada and have been running for about 15 years. Formal evaluation of their effectiveness has either not been done, or is not available for researchers and policy analysts to compare with other agri‐environmental policy efforts. This address introduces this problem and attempts to examine evaluative approaches using Alberta's Growing Forward 1 and 2 environmental stewardship programs. While this attempt has uncovered significant data issues, there is evidence that program managers targeted funds to areas where water quality risks are of concern. The review also questions the requirement that producers eligible for funding must have an Environmental Farm Plan. After 15 years of having this requirement, I argue that it's time for Alberta's environmental stewardship program to relax this.Les éléments environnementaux des cadres politiques agricoles quinquennaux représentent probablement les plus vastes programmes agroenvironnementaux au Canada et opèrent depuis environ quinze ans. L'évaluation formelle de leur efficacité n'a soit pas été entreprise, ou n'est pas disponible pour les chercheurs et analystes politiques afin qu'ils les comparent à d'autres efforts en matière de politique agroenvironnementale. Cet énoncé présente ce problème et tente d'examiner les approches évaluatives utilisées par les programmes albertains de gérance environnementale Cultivons l'avenir 1 et 2. S'il est vrai que cette tentative a révélé de considérables problèmes de données, des preuves démontrent que les gestionnaires de programmes dirigeaient les fonds vers les régions où la qualité de l'eau est en jeu. L'évaluation s'interroge aussi au sujet de l'exigence selon laquelle les producteurs admissibles au financement doivent présenter un plan agroenvironnemental. Ayant été requise pendant quinze ans, je propose que le programme de gérance environnementale de l'Alberta assouplisse cette exigence.
Randomized controlled clinical study assessing two membranes for guided bone regeneration of peri‐implant bone defects: 3‐year results
Authors: Basler Tobias , Naenni Nadja , Schneider David , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess two‐ and three‐dimensional changes of the peri‐implant tissues as well as clinical, biological, and radiological outcomes of implants having been treated with resorbable or nonresorbable membranes at 3 years.Materials and methodsTwenty‐three patients were re‐examined after having received a single‐tooth implant in the esthetic zone in conjunction with guided bone regeneration (GBR) using either a resorbable (RES) or a titanium‐reinforced nonresorbable membrane (N‐RES) and demineralized bovine bone mineral. Volumetric and linear as well as clinical and radiographic measurements were performed at crown insertion (baseline), at 1 year (FU‐1) and 3 years (FU‐3). Statistics were performed by means of parametric and nonparametric tests.ResultsMinor, but ongoing buccal volume loss was observed in both groups during the 3‐year follow‐up. A slightly higher volume loss was observed in group RES (−0.22 mm) compared to N‐RES (−0.14 mm) at 1 year (FU‐1), but aligned at 3 years (FU‐3) RES (−0.30 mm) N‐RES (−0.32 mm). All changes over time were statistically significantly different within (p < .05), but not between the groups (p > .05). Stable median interproximal bone levels after 3 years (FU‐3); 0.26 mm (0.04; 0.36) (RES) and 0.14 mm (0.08; 0.20) (N‐RES) and healthy tissues (BOP, PD) were obtained with both membranes.ConclusionsBoth treatment modalities resulted in minor, but ongoing contour changes of the peri‐implant tissues. Stable interproximal bone levels and healthy tissues can be obtained with membranes up to 3 years.
Effect of cleaning methods on retentive values of saliva‐contaminated implant‐supported zirconia copings
Authors: Nejatidanesh Farahnaz , Savabi Omid , Savabi Ghazal , Razavi Mehdi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cleaning regimens on retentive strength of saliva‐contaminated implant‐supported zirconia copings.Material and MethodsSeventy solid titanium abutments with 5.5 mm height (Straumann) were attached to the regular neck implant analogs (Straumann). The abutment‐analog complex was mounted vertically in an autopolymerized T‐shaped acrylic resin block. Seventy zirconia copings with an occlusal loop were made. The copings were contaminated with fresh human saliva for 1 min (except the control group). Afterward, the specimens were washed with water spray for 15 s and dried for 15 s. The copings were divided into seven groups according to cleaning methods (n = 10). Group 1: no contamination (control group); Group 2: water spray rinsing; Group 3: airborne particle abrasion; Group 4: immersion in 96% isopropanol; Group 5: applying Ivoclean (Ivoclar Vivadent); Group 6: applying 1% sodium hypochlorite; and Group 7: applying Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent). The copings were luted with a resin luting agent (RelyX Unicem; 3M ESPE). After 5,000 thermal cycles, the retentive values of the restorations were tested using universal testing machine. The dislodging forces were analyzed using one‐way analysis of variance and the Tukey's HSD tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThe copings, which were cleaned with Ivoclean and 96% isopropanol, showed the highest retentive values (204.79 ± 44.49 and 232.65 ± 71.36, respectively). There was a significant difference between the studied groups (F = 2.735; p = .02). Tukey's HSD showed that there was no significant difference between the different cleaning procedures and control group except water rinsing group (p = .14). The lowest retentive value was related to the saliva‐contaminated group, which were only cleaned with water rinsing method.ConclusionThe retentive values of zirconia‐based restorations were adversely affected by saliva contaminations. These restorations can be cleaned by Ivoclean, 96% isopropanol, airborne particle abrasion, 1% sodium hypochlorite, or applying Monobond Plus before luting procedures.
Predicting therapeutic response to fingolimod treatment in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Quirant‐Sánchez Bibiana , Hervás‐García José V. , Teniente‐Serra Aina , Brieva Luis , Moral‐Torres Ester , Cano Antonio , Munteis Elvira , Mansilla María J. , Presas‐Rodriguez Silvia , Navarro‐Barriuso Juan , Ramo‐Tello Cristina , Martínez‐Cáceres Eva M. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAimsFingolimod, an orally active immunomodulatory drug for relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), sequesters T cells in lymph nodes through functional antagonism of the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor, reducing the number of potential autoreactive cells that migrate to the central nervous system. However, not all RRMS patients respond to this therapy. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that by immune‐monitoring RRMS patient's leukocyte subpopulations it is possible to find biomarkers associated with clinical response to fingolimod.MethodsProspective study. Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell subpopulations by multiparametric flow cytometry, at baseline and +1, +3, +6, +12 months of follow‐up in 40 RRMS patients starting fingolimod therapy.ResultsFingolimod treatment induced a severe lymphopenia affecting mainly T and B cells. A relative increase in Treg (memory Treg: 3.8 ± 1.0% baseline vs 8.8 ± 4.4% month +1; activated Treg: 1.5 ± 0.7% baseline vs 3.7 ± 2.1% month +1, P < 0.001) as well as transitional B cells (10.5 ± 12.3% baseline vs 18.7 ± 14.6% month +1, P < 0.001) was observed.Interestingly, lymphocyte subpopulations were already at baseline significantly different in responder patients. The percentage of recent thymic emigrants (RTE) used to stratify fingolimod responder, and no responder patients was the best biomarker (4.0 ± 1.4% vs 7.4 ± 1.9%, respectively [P < 0.001]).ConclusionThe results support that immune‐monitoring of lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood is a promising tool to select RRMS candidate for fingolimod treatment.
Sodium nitroprusside is effective in preventing and/or reversing the development of schizophrenia‐related behaviors in an animal model: The SHR strain
Authors: Diana Mariana C. , Peres Fernanda F. , Justi Veronica , Bressan Rodrigo A. , Lacerda Acioly L. T. , Crippa José Alexandre , Hallak Jaime E. C. , Abilio Vanesssa Costhek 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAimsThe treatment of schizophrenia with antipsychotics is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, the search for new treatments and prevention is crucial, and animal models are fundamental tools for this objective. Preclinical and clinical data evidence the antipsychotic profile of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. We aimed to investigate SNP in treating and/or preventing the schizophrenia‐related behaviors presented by the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) strain.MethodsWistar rats (WR) and SHRs were submitted to two schemes of treatment: (i) a single injection of SNP or vehicle in adulthood; (ii) a long‐term early treatment from 30 to 60 postnatal day with SNP or vehicle. The following behaviors were evaluated 24 hours after the acute treatment or 30 days after the long‐term treatment: locomotion, social interaction, and contextual fear conditioning.ResultsSpontaneously hypertensive rats presented hyperlocomotion, decreased social interaction, and impaired contextual fear conditioning. Single injection of SNP decreased social interaction in both strains and induced a deficit in contextual fear conditioning in WR. Oppositely, early treatment with SNP prevented the behavioral abnormalities in adult SHRs without promoting any effects in WR.ConclusionOur preclinical data point to SNP as a preventive and safe strategy with a broad range of effectiveness to the positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Repurposing carbamazepine for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in SOD1‐G93A mouse model
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Jing , Zhou Qin‐Ming , Chen Sheng , Le Wei‐Dong 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAimsTo investigate the effect and mechanisms of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the onset and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in SOD1‐G93A mouse model.MethodsStarting from 64 days of age, SOD1‐G93A mice were orally administered with CBZ at 200 mg/kg once daily until death. The disease onset and life span of SOD1‐G93A mice were recorded. Motor neurons (MNs) in anterior horn of spinal cord were quantified by Nissl staining and SMI‐32 immunostaining. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH), modified Gomori trichrome (MGT), and α‐bungarotoxin‐ATTO‐488 staining were also performed to evaluate muscle and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) damage. Expressions of aggregated SOD1 protein and autophagy‐related proteins were further detected by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining.ResultsCarbamazepine treatment could delay the disease onset and extend life span of SOD1‐G93A mice by about 14.5% and 13.9%, respectively. Furthermore, CBZ treatment reduced MNs loss by about 46.6% and ameliorated the altered muscle morphology and NMJ. Much more interestingly, mechanism study revealed that CBZ treatment activated autophagy via AMPK‐ULK1 pathway and promoted the clearance of mutant SOD1 aggregation.ConclusionOur findings uncovered the therapeutic effects of CBZ against disease pathogenesis in SOD1‐G93A mice, indicating a promising clinical utilization of CBZ in ALS therapy.
AMP‐activated protein kinase‐dependent induction of autophagy by erythropoietin protects against spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Wang Peng , Xie Zhong‐Dong , Xie Chang‐Nan , Lin Chao‐Wei , Wang Ji‐Li , Xuan Li‐Na , Zhang Chun‐Wu , Wang Yu , Huang Zhi‐Hui , Teng Hong‐Lin 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAimsAutophagy has been regarded as a promising therapeutic target for spinal cord injury (SCI). Erythropoietin (EPO) has been demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system (CNS); however, the molecular mechanisms of its protection against SCI remain unknown. This study aims to investigate whether the neuroprotective effects of EPO on SCI are mediated by autophagy via AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways.MethodsFunctional assessment and Nissl staining were used to investigate the effects of EPO on SCI. Expressions of proteins were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.ResultsTreatment with EPO significantly reduced the loss of motor neurons and improved the functional recovery following SCI. Erythropoietin significantly enhanced the SCI‐induced autophagy through activating AMPK and inactivating mTOR signaling. The inhibitor of AMPK, compound C, could block the EPO‐induced autophagy and beneficial action on SCI, whereas the activator of AMPK, metformin, could mimic the effects of EPO. In the in vitro studies, EPO enhanced the hypoxia‐induced autophagy in an AMPK‐dependent manner.ConclusionsThe AMPK‐dependent induction of autophagy contributes to the neuroprotection of EPO on SCI.
A meta‐analysis on the surgical management of paraganglioma of the carotid body per Shamblin class
Authors: Jansen T.T.G. , Marres H.A.M. , Kaanders J.H.A.M. , Kunst H.P.M. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the risk associated with different types of surgery for carotid body paraganglioma of different Shamblin class. A meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate per tumour class, the local control, cranial nerve damage and complication rates of different techniques using internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) ligation, clamping or bypassing, as well as the craniocaudal vs caudocranial techniques.DesignA meta‐analysis is conducted after a systematic search in PubMed and the Cochrane library, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.Main outcome measuresLocal control, cranial nerve damage, complications, function recovery.ResultsOut of 3565 articles, 27 were selected. The overall quality of evidence of studies was low. Cranial nerve damage (3%, 17% and 39%) and complication rates (0%, 1% and 10%) were significantly related to Shamblin class (class 1, 2 and 3, respectively, P < .01). For class 3 tumours, an increased risk of complications was found associated with routine ICA manipulation/reconstruction (RR 3.12 with a 95% CI of 1.29‐7.59), as well as a trend towards enhanced risk of routine ECA ligation (RR 3.48 with a 95% CI of 0.88‐13.81).ConclusionsFor class 1 and 2 tumours, surgery seems a viable treatment option. For class 3 tumours, morbidity in terms of cranial nerve deficit and complications is considerable; particularly, the use of ICA manipulation/reconstruction and potentially ECA ligation seem to be accompanied by high stroke incidence.
The use, and usefulness, of spatial conservation prioritizations
Authors: Sinclair Samuel P. , Milner‐Gulland E.J. , Smith Robert J. , McIntosh Emma J. , Possingham Hugh P. , Vercammen Ans , Knight Andrew T. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSpatial conservation prioritization is used globally to guide decision making with the aim of delivering the best conservation gain per unit investment. However, despite many publications on the topic, the extent to which this approach is used by decision makers has been unclear. To investigate the degree to which prioritization has been adopted by practitioners to guide conservation implementation, we conducted an online survey, collecting data on the approaches used to develop prioritizations and the reported extent of translation to on‐the‐ground action. Using a cluster analysis, we identified two categories of prioritizations, those developed to advance the field (42% of responses) and those intended for implementation (58% of responses). Respondents reported 74% of the prioritizations intended for implementation had translated to on‐the‐ground action. Additionally, we identified strong collaboration between academics and practitioners in prioritization development, suggesting a bridging of the theory‐practice gap. We recommend continued collaboration and research into the effectiveness of prioritizations in delivering conservation impacts.
Wicked conflict: Using wicked problem thinking for holistic management of conservation conflict
Authors: Mason Tom H.E. , Pollard Chris R.J. , Chimalakonda Deepthi , Guerrero Angela M. , Kerr‐Smith Catherine , Milheiras Sergio A.G. , Roberts Michaela , R. Ngafack Paul , Bunnefeld Nils 
Published: April 2018

AbstractConservation conflict is widespread, damaging, and has proved difficult to manage using conventional conservation approaches. Conflicts are often “wicked problems,” lacking clear solutions due to divergent values of stakeholders, and being embedded within wickedly complex environments. Drawing on the concept of wicked environmental problems could lead to management strategies better suited to tackling conflict. However, it is unclear whether managers are embracing ideas from the wicked problems concept. There is currently a lack of guidance for applying strategies to tackle particular wicked problems, such as conservation conflict. We explored the suitability of wicked problems‐inspired management, using eight contemporary conflict case studies. Conservation conflict was managed predominantly using conventional approaches suited to tackling single objectives in simple environments, rather than balancing competing objectives in complex environments. To deal with different characteristics of wickedness, we recommend that managers develop strategies combining distributed decision‐making, diverse opinions, pattern‐based predictions, trade‐off‐based objectives, and reporting of failures. Recent advances in conservation conflict research have focused on improving interactions among stakeholders. We believe that such stakeholder‐focused approaches would dovetail with the whole‐system focus of a wicked problems framework, allowing conservationists to move toward a holistic strategy for managing conservation conflict.
When conservation research goes awry: A reply to Mascia and Mills (2018)
Authors: Lund Jens Friis , Bluwstein Jevgeniy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe raise two points of contention with “When conservation goes viral: The diffusion of innovative biodiversity conservation policies and practices” in which Mascia and Mills make a case for “diffusion of innovation theory” as a way of understanding how conservation interventions spread, drawing on case studies from Tanzania and the Pacific. First, the conceptualization of the spread of CBNRM as the uptake of innovative policies through diffusion depoliticizes CBNRM and ignores existing social science scholarship on Tanzanian CBNRM. Second, the article's central claim of “diffusion” builds on inflated statistics on the spread of CBNRM in Tanzania.
KDM1A regulated the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process of the stem cells of the apical papilla via binding with PLOD2
Authors: Wang Lijun , Yang Haoqing , Lin Xiao , Cao Yangyang , Gao Peipei , Zheng Ying , Fan Zhipeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectivesDental tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)‐mediated pulp‐dentin regeneration is considered a potential approach for the regeneration of damaged teeth. Enhancing MSC‐mediated pulp‐dentin regeneration is based on an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying directed cell differentiation process. Histone demethylation enzyme, lysine demethylase 1A (KDM1A) can regulate the differentiation of some MSCs, but its role in dental tissue‐derived MSCs is unclear.Material and MethodsWe obtained SCAPs from immature teeth. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, osteogenesis‐related genes expression and in vivo transplantation experiment were used to explore the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation. Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) assay was used to investigate the binding protein.ResultsKnock‐down of KDM1A reduced ALP activity and mineralization, promoted the expressions of osteo/dentinogenic differentiation markers DSPP, DMP1, BSP and key transcript factors, RUNX2, OSX, DLX2 in SCAPs, and also enhanced the osteo/dentinogenesis in vivo. In addition, KDM1A could associate with PLOD2 to form protein complex. And knock‐down of PLOD2 inhibited ALP activity and mineralization, and promoted the expressions of DSPP, DMP1, BSP, RUNX2, OSX and DLX2 in SCAPs.ConclusionsKDM1A might have different role in different stages of osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process by binding partner with PLOD2, and finally resulted in the inhibited function for the osteo/dentinogenesis in SCAPs. Our studies provided a further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of dynamic osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process in dental tissue MSCs.
Mycobacterium tuberculosisafter solid organ transplantation: A review of more than 2000 cases
Authors: Abad Cybele Lara R. , Razonable Raymund R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis(TB) is a common pathogen worldwide, and it may cause significant infection after solid organ transplantation (SOT). We reviewed all reportedTBcases to provide an update on its epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcome afterSOT.MethodsMEDLINE,EMBASE, andOVIDwere reviewed from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2016, using keywords tuberculosis and solid organ transplant or transplantation.ResultsThere were 187 publications reporting 2082 cases ofTBamong kidney (n = 1719), liver (n = 253), heart (n = 77), lung (n = 25), and kidney‐pancreas (n = 8) recipients. Among cohort studies, the median incidence was 2.37% (range, 0.05%‐13.27%) overall. MostTBdisease was considered reactivation of latent infection, occurring beyond the first year afterSOT. Early‐onset cases were seen among donor‐derivedTBcases. Fever was the most common symptom. Radiologic findings were highly variable. Extrapulmonary and disseminatedTBoccurred 29.84% and 15.96%, respectively. Multidrug‐resistantTBwas rare. Treatment using 4 or 5 drugs was commonly associated with hepatotoxicity and graft dysfunction. All‐cause mortality was 18.84%.ConclusionsThis large review highlights the complexity ofTBafterSOT. ReactivationTB, donor‐transmitted infection, extrapulmonary involvement, and disseminated disease are common occurrences. Treatment ofTBis commonly associated with hepatotoxicity and graft dysfunction.