bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La Bible à la croisée des sources
Authors: Na’aman Nadav 
Published: March 2018

RésuméSeule la Bible décrit de manière systématique et continue l’histoire d’Israël au cours des périodes pré-monarchique et monarchique. Pourtant, l’historiographie biblique fut avant tout écrite dans une perspective religieuse, idéologique et éthique. La date tardive à laquelle l’histoire biblique fut rédigée, sa nature littéraire et idéologique ainsi que son caractère extrêmement subjectifsont autant de raisons pour ne pas l’utiliser comme source pour une histoire d’Israël si l’on veut respecter les standards « occidentaux ». Cet article cherche à déterminer dans quelle mesure la Bible peut être une source permettant de reconstruire les différentes étapes de l’histoire d’Israël. Il s’efforce de retrouver les types de sources dont l’auteur de l’histoire du Deutéronome disposait et la manière dont il les a travaillées. Il est évident que l’auteur s’est appuyé sur des sources écrites pour élaborer son histoire, mais leur nombre était réduit et la matière limitée. Pour conclure, cet article souligne le fait que la connaissance de l’histoire d’Israël à l’époque biblique, et tout particulièrement durant les époques anciennes, est considérablement plus restreinte que ne le suggéraient les chercheurs autrefois.
Les enjeux de l’image dans l’anthropologie soviétique des années 1920 et 1930
Authors: Bertrand Frédéric 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLa place accordée à l’image par les anthropologues soviétiques durant les années 1920-1930 éclaire la vigueur et la diversité des projets de légitimation en concurrence. Sur fond de « marxisation », l’aura de la mécanisation du regard, reflet du fantasme scientiste auquel est soumis la construction de la société soviétique, n’allait pas mettre pour autant un terme à la coexistence entre dessin et photographie. Le musée ethnographique, lieu central de la professionnalisation, a par ailleurs grandement contribué à imposer, outre certaines contraintes à l’instrumentalisation de l’image, les conditions de la continuité de l’esthétisation du regard sur l’autre. Par l’attribution d’une place respective et hiérarchisée, assurant une logique parfois contradictoire, à cette coexistence, les anthropologues soviétiques se sont efforcés de constituer le préalable à la promotion d’une « science ethnographique ».
Un « saint de nouvelle fabrique »: Le diacre Paris (1690-1727), le jansénisme et la bonneterie parisienne
Authors: Lyon-Caen Nicolas 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLe religieux est étroitement inséré dans des conflits du travail qu’il contribue à modifier. La porosité des univers du travail et de la croyance fait que son expression ne diffère pas toujours du langage des corporations. C’est ce que met en évidence la construction du patrimoine hagiographique (récits et miracles) du diacre Paris, personnalité centrale du jansénisme du XVIIIesiècle, à l’aune de son engagement dans l’artisanat du bas. Son geste, pénitentiel, est interprété diversement après sa mort par les acteurs de la bonneterie, secteur alors en plein bouleversement: le corps des marchands bonnetiers absorbe en effet deux corporations d’artisans moins bien considérées. Le charisme du diacre donne lieu à plusieurs formes d’intervention. Compris par les plus humbles comme un saint ouvrier quand les élites travaillent à sortir de ses biographies imprimées cet épisode de travail manuel, Paris exerce un attrait particulier sur les marchands issus directement de l’artisanat: sa sainteté leur permet de proposer dans un langage corporel une version « consensuelle » de la réunion des métiers.
Histoire économique de l'Afrique : renaissance ou trompe-léœil ?
Authors: Cogneau Denis 
Published: March 2018

RésuméEn même temps qu’elle bénéficie d’un regain d’intérêt certain, l’histoire économique de l’Afrique suscite aujourd’hui des controverses méthodologiques intenses, dont deux livres publiés récemment par Morten Jerven se font l’écho,Poor NumbersetAfrica: Why Economists Get It Wrong. Pour une bonne part, ces controverses renvoient plus largement aux différences entre le métier d’économiste et celui d’historien, au moins dans leurs pratiques dominantes. Dans leur quête des « fondamentaux » institutionnels du développement économique, beaucoup de travaux se satisfont encore d’une base de données sommaire et imparfaite, une approche que M. Jerven a raison de critiquer. Les analyses souffrent souvent d’une connaissance insuffisante des contextes sociaux et compressent le temps historique entre un « avant » et un « maintenant ». Elles s’appuient également sur des hypothèses statistiques contestables. Même si les archives existantes ont des limites à la fois qualitatives (sources coloniales principalement) et quantitatives, il n’en reste pas moins qu’une modeste renaissance n’est pas hors de portée, afin de donner leur place à des analyses comparatives mieux maîtrisées.
Sens et usages du territoire médiéval
Authors: Iogna-Prat Dominique 
Published: March 2018

RésuméSur la base du livre de Florian Mazel,L’évêque et le territoire. L'invention médiévale de l'espace (ve-xiiiesiècle), l'article propose de revenir sur le tournant spatial qui a marqué la médiévistique française depuis une trentaine d'années. En regard des historiens dudominiumqui postulent, avec les phénomènes de l’incastellamentoou de l’inecclesiamento, une fixation territoriale des hommes à l’âge féodal autour des «pôles» ou des «cellules» de domination que sont le château, l’église, le cimetière ou la paroisse, F. Mazel propose une réflexion à une autre échelle, celle du territoire comme espace d'expression de la souveraineté politique, l’Église, à travers la mise en place d'une spatialité inédite – le diocèse – précédant l’État comme institution qui se réalise à travers une construction territoriale. L'intérêt de l'analyse proposée n'est pas seulement de se concentrer, avec le diocèse, sur une échelle qui fait sens dans une dynamique hiérarchique d'ensemble de la spatialisation ecclésiale, de haut en bas, du local à l'universel, mais aussi et surtout de se demander en quoi les pratiques territoriales de l’Église médiévale permettent le passage à l'espace au sens moderne du terme, homogène et isotrope.
Le keynésianisme international se débat: Sens de l'acceptable et tournant néolibéral à l'Ocde
Authors: Gayon Vincent 
Published: March 2018

RésuméPublié en 1977 par l'Ocdedans une situation de stagflation généralisée, le rapport McCracken est devenu emblématique du «tournant néolibéral» de la coopération économique internationale. Cette enquête ébranle le pacte de lecture téléologique en revenant au sens de l'acceptable des acteurs mobilisés dans son écriture et à l'incertitude structurelle dans laquelle ils étaient plongés pour anticiper le devenir économique et politique. Plutôt qu'une victoire sans conteste du néolibéralisme, la sociogénétique de cet écrit bureaucratique redécouvre les stratégies d'adaptation du «keynésianisme international» hérité de Bretton Woods et les structures de plausibilité de cet espace situé à la confluence de champs politiques, bureaucratiques et universitaires. La dynamique de production s'analyse comme une logique de situation à travers laquelle le secrétariat de l'Ocdese voit exposé à des logiques et à des ressources externes polymorphes qui s'entrechoquent et se jaugent. La forme du rapport rend possible la confrontation de capitaux informationnels, bureaucratiques et politiques ; elle en objective, en quelque sorte, la valeur différentielle ou le taux de change pour les participants. Les anticipations socialement structurées de ce qui est jouable, coûteux ou risqué sont pistées dans la composition collective autour de quatre temps forts : la commande, le cadrage, la constitution du groupe et la cristallisation du rapport. L'article propose ainsi une autre manière d'enquêter sur les «tournants».
The Elephant and the Sovereign: India circa 1000ce
Authors: ANOOSHAHR ALI 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article studies the political and symbolic importance of elephants for medieval Muslim kingship in South Asia. Specifically, the incorporation of the elephant by the Ghaznavid dynasty led to a crisis of sovereignty for early Muslim kings of South Asia. This was because while the elephant stood for divinity and sovereignty among Hindus, it represented satanic pride among Muslims. The famous Koranic chapter of “the elephant”, tells the story of a king Abraha who had tried to destroy the House of God in Arabia (the Ka‘ba) with elephants, but it was said that God pelted his army to death by small pebbles thrown by birds. This meant that any Indo-Muslim ruler that posed as an elephant-master could appear as the destroyer of the house of God in the eyes of his Muslim subjects. In order to compensate for this crisis, early Indo-Muslim rulers employed a number of tactics, which included trying to present themselves as the opposite, i.e. destroyer of pagan temples for which they are infamous today. But perhaps more significantly, the continued symbolic (and not just practical) use of the elephant, in spite of its problematic association, shows that what is often today understood as an alien institution imposed upon a majority non-Muslim population, was actually the opposite: that is, it was mainly a project equally pitched to non-Muslim South Asians with a compensatory nudge toward Muslims.
Spaces of the political
Authors: Dutton Michael 
Published: March 2018

This is a paper about the architecture of a concept: the concept of the political. Through the built environment, we come to re-imagine the concept of the political not as a set of institutions, or as an array of governmental forms, or even a series of rational choices, but in terms of affective energy flows. It is in interrogating this that I will turn to the built environment and analyse two ways of regulating the cadence of affective flows in relation to the political, through two machines: Britain's nineteenth century Crystal Palace and the Landlord Manor House Museum of Liu Wencai.If Liu Wencai's Manor House Museum turned affective energy flows into political intensities that could drive the Maoist revolution, the Crystal Palace dissipated these same energy flows by turning them into commodity desires that would drive market growth. With the Crystal Palace, our attention is focused on how the channelling of energy into dissipated market desires produced a dispersal that, in turn, contributed to a political quietism. Such political quietism appeared as, at best, a ‘side-effect’ of an economic relation but, in placing this machine next to the Maoist Manor House Museum, we realise the centrality of this ‘side-effect’ in the formation of the political. The built environment, therefore, offers a set of heuristic devices that, read alongside each other, reveal two quite distinct modes of being political.Despite their radical differences, these two machines share a ‘family resem-blance’ insofar as they exemplify how the built environment contributes to political discourse through the disciplining of social subjects. What these two sets of machinery open onto is a new understanding of the discursive field of modernity and the treatment of affective elements within any modern concept of the political.
Effects of Unilateral Hand Contraction on The Persistence of Hemispheric Asymmetry of Cortical Activity
Authors: Hirao Takahiro , Masaki Hiroaki 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Athletes who squeezed a ball with their left hand immediately prior to execution of sports activities did not show performance deterioration under severe pressure ( Beckmann, Gröpel, & Ehrlenspiel, 2013 ). This result has been explained by priming of the dominant right hemisphere. However, it remains unclear what variables have the greatest effect on asymmetrical brain activity (e.g., duration and strength of ball squeezing). We hypothesized that squeezing a ball harder for a longer period might lead to stronger asymmetrical activity because motor-related areas would have increased activation due to the more forceful movement. We used electroencephalograms (EEGs) to investigate the hemispheric asymmetry of brain activity produced by squeezing a ball with a unilateral hand. EEGs were assessed during a baseline period as well as in eight experimental conditions wherein the strength and duration of the ball squeeze were manipulated. Our results showed that right-hemispheric-dominant brain activation was maximized when participants squeezed with their left hand a ball that had an internal pressure of 100 hPa for 90 s or 20 hPa for 30 s. Moreover, squeezing the ball with 100 hPa internal pressure for 90 s created a prominent interhemispheric asymmetry of cortical activity. We suspect that squeezing a ball strongly for a long period might be helpful in dealing with “choking” under pressure by producing greater right-hemispheric activation. This result could help improve simple methods for competitive athletes to reduce the likelihood of exhibiting choking behavior that could be practiced with minimal effort, even during short breaks during a game.
Real-world data on prognosis and outcome of primary plasma cell leukemia in the era of novel agents: a multicenter national study by the Greek Myeloma Study Group
Authors: Katodritou Eirini , Terpos Evangelos , Delimpasi Sossana , Kotsopoulou Maria , Michalis Eurydiki , Vadikolia Chrysanthi , Kyrtsonis Marie-Christine , Symeonidis Argiris , Giannakoulas Nikolaos , Vadikolia Chrissa , Michael Michalis , Kalpadakis Christina , Gougopoulou Theodora , Prokopiou Chrystalla , Kaiafa Georgia , Christoulas Dimitrios , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Giannopoulou Evlampia , Labropoulou Vasiliki , Verrou Evgenia , Kastritis Efstathios , Konstantinidou Pavlina , Anagnostopoulos Achilles , Dimopoulos Meletios A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe have studied the efficacy and the prognostic impact of novel agents in 50 primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) patients registered in our database. Eighty percent of patients were treated upfront with novel agent-based combinations; 40% underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Objective response rate was 76; 38% achieved at least very good partial response (≥vgPR) and this correlated significantly with bortezomib-based therapy plus ASCT. At the time of evaluation, 40 patients had died. Early mortality rate (≤1 month) was 6%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 12 months and 18 months respectively, both significantly longer in patients treated with bortezomib-based therapy + ASCT vs. others (PFS: 18 vs. 9 months;p = 0.004, OS: 48 vs. 14 months; p = 0.007). Bortezomib-based therapy + ASCT predicted for OS in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, achievement of ≥vgPR and LDH ≥ 300 U/L were significant predictors for OS. These real-world data, based on one of the largest reported national multicenter series of pPCL patients treated mostly with novel agents support that, among the currently approved induction therapies, bortezomib-based regimens are highly effective and reduce the rate of early mortality whereas in combination with ASCT consolidation they prolong OS.
SLIT2/ROBO1 axis contributes to the Warburg effect in osteosarcoma through activation of SRC/ERK/c-MYC/PFKFB2 pathway
Authors: Zhao Shu-Jie , Shen Yi-Fei , Li Qing , He Yun-Jie , Zhang Yun-Kun , Hu Li-Peng , Jiang Yu-Qing , Xu Nan-Wei , Wang Yu-Ji , Li Jun , Wang Ya-Hui , Liu Fei , Zhang Rong , Yin Guo-Yong , Tang Jin-Hai , Zhou Dong , Zhang Zhi-Gang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCellular metabolic reprogramming is the main characteristic of cancer cells and identification of targets using this metabolic pattern is extremely important to treat cancers, such as osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, SLIT2 and ROBO1 were upregulated in OS, and higher expression of ROBO1 was associated with worse overall survival rate. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the SLIT2/ROBO1 axis promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and contributes to the Warburg effect in OS cells. Mechanistically, the SLIT2/ROBO1 axis exerted cancer-promoting effects on OS via activation of the SRC/ERK/c-MYC/PFKFB2 pathway. Taken together, the findings reveal a previously unappreciated function of SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling in OS, which is intertwined with metabolic alterations that promote cancer progression. Targeting the SLIT2/ROBO1 axis may be a potential therapeutic approach for patients with OS.
Modulation of sensory prediction error in Purkinje cells during visual feedback manipulations
Authors: Streng Martha L. , Popa Laurentiu S. , Ebner Timothy J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is hypothesized that the cerebellum implements a forward internal model that transforms motor commands into predictions about upcoming movements. The predictions are compared with sensory feedback to generate sensory prediction errors critical to controlling movements. The simple spike firing of cerebellar Purkinje cells both lead and lag movement consistent with representations of motor predictions and sensory feedback. This study tests whether this leading and lagging modulation provides the prediction and sensory feedback necessary to compute sensory prediction errors. Two manipulations of the visual feedback are used in rhesus monkeys performing pseudo-random tracking. Consistent with a forward model, delaying the visual feedback demonstrates that the leading simple spike modulation with position error is time-locked to the hand movement. Reducing the feedback shows that the lagged modulation is directly driven by visual inputs. Therefore, Purkinje cell discharge carries both the motor predictions and sensory feedback required of a forward internal model.
Dynamic Group Multi-party Quantum Key Agreement
Authors: Chou Yao-Hsin , Zeng Guo-Jyun , Chang Zhe-Hua , Kuo Shu-Yu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a novel dynamic group multi-party Quantum Key Agreement (DGMQKA) protocol, achieved by a multicast transmission method. The proposed method is able to achieve arbitrary number of groups and members under the same resources. In addition, it can be dynamically adjusted by joining a new member, combining two groups into one group, revoking an old member and dividing one group into two groups, for different and complex situations. Furthermore, the proposed protocol can be of help to research into Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS), which it complements. The security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can resist both external and internal attacks. In consumption comparison, the proposed protocol using the multicast transmission method is more effective than other current MQKA protocols.
Peptide ion channel toxins from the bootlace worm, the longest animal on Earth
Authors: Jacobsson Erik , Andersson Håkan S. , Strand Malin , Peigneur Steve , Eriksson Camilla , Lodén Henrik , Shariatgorji Mohammadreza , Andrén Per E. , Lebbe Eline K. M. , Rosengren K. Johan , Tytgat Jan , Göransson Ulf 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPolypeptides from animal venoms have found important uses as drugs, pharmacological tools, and within biotechnological and agricultural applications. We here report a novel family of cystine knot peptides from nemertean worms, with potent activity on voltage-gated sodium channels. These toxins, named the α-nemertides, were discovered in the epidermal mucus of Lineus longissimus, the ‘bootlace worm’ known as the longest animal on earth. The most abundant peptide, the 31-residue long α-1, was isolated, synthesized, and its 3D NMR structure determined. Transcriptome analysis including 17 species revealed eight α-nemertides, mainly distributed in the genus Lineus. α-1 caused paralysis and death in green crabs (Carcinus maenas) at 1 µg/kg (~300 pmol/kg). It showed profound effect on invertebrate voltage-gated sodium channels (e.g. Blattella germanica Nav1) at low nanomolar concentrations. Strong selectivity for insect over human sodium channels indicates that α-nemertides can be promising candidates for development of bioinsecticidal agents.
Latent Order in High-Angle Grain Boundary of GaN
Authors: Yoon Sangmoon , Yoo Hyobin , Kang Seoung-Hun , Kim Miyoung , Kwon Young-Kyun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe report the existence of latent order during core relaxation in the high-angle grain boundaries (GBs) of GaN films using atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and ab initio density functional theory calculations. Core structures in the high-angle GBs are characterized by two pairs of Ga-N bonds located next to each other. The core type correlates strongly with the bond angle differences. We identify an order of core relaxation hidden in the high-angle GBs by further classifying the 5/7 atom cores into a stable 5/7 core (5/7(S)) and a metastable 5/7 core (5/7(M)). This core-type classification indicates that metastable cores can exist at real high-angle GBs under certain circumstances. Interestingly, 5/7(M) exhibits distinct defect states compared to 5/7(S), despite their similar atomic configurations. We investigate the reconstruction of defect states observed in 5/7(M) by analyzing the real-space wave functions. An inversion occurred between two localized states during the transition from 5/7(S) to 5/7(M). We suggest an inversion mechanism to explain the formation of new defect states in 5/7(M).
Prevalence of posterior staphyloma and factors associated with its shape in the Japanese population
Authors: Numa Shogo , Yamashiro Kenji , Wakazono Tomotaka , Yoshikawa Munemitsu , Miyake Masahiro , Nakanishi Hideo , Oishi Akio ,   The Nagahama Study Group, Kawaguchi Takahisa , Setoh Kazuya , Takahashi Yoshimitsu , Kosugi Shinji , Nakayama Takeo , Tabara Yasuharu , Matsuda Fumihiko , Yoshimura Nagahisa , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMyopia is increasing rapidly worldwide. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of posterior staphyloma, a complication of myopia, and its shape characteristics in relation to age, sex, and axial length (AL) in a Japanese community-based cohort. The right eyes of 3748 participants who underwent fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination were evaluated. Posterior staphyloma prevalence was evaluated using fundus photographs and OCT images. Furthermore, fundus shapes were analyzed by measuring local fundus curvatures on 6 mm cross-line OCT images at intervals of 1 µm. The mean and variance of the curvatures were calculated to represent the fundus shape of each eye for investigation of the relationship between fundus curvature and age, sex, and AL. Seventy-seven eyes (2.05%) had posterior staphyloma. The mean and variance of the fundus curvatures were significantly greater in women than in men and became greater with age, suggesting that the shape of the staphyloma was steeper and less smooth in women and elderly subjects. AL and mean curvature showed a significant correlation (P = 2 × 10−16, R = 0.480), which was significantly affected by age (P < 2 × 10−16). Quantitative analysis of fundus shapes was useful for statistical analysis of posterior staphyloma in relation to age, sex, and AL.