bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Skeletal Outcomes After Bisphosphonate Discontinuation at Final Height
Authors: Robinson Marie-Eve , Trejo Pamela , Palomo Telma , Glorieux Francis H , Rauch Frank 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Intravenous cyclical bisphosphonates are widely used to treat children with moderate to severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Bisphosphonates are often discontinued when growth is completed, but subsequent skeletal changes have not been studied in detail. We assessed 31 patients (22 females) with OI who had started intravenous bisphosphonates (either pamidronate or zoledronic acid) before 13 years of age, were treated for at least 2 years (range 4.7–15.7 years), and discontinued treatment after completion of growth, when their age ranged from 13.4 to 20.0 years (mean 16.4 years). At 4 years after treatment discontinuation, lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (BMD) had increased by 4% (p &lt; 0.05). Peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the radius showed a decrease in trabecular volumetric BMD at the distal metaphysis of 19% but an increase in cortical volumetric BMD of 4% (p &lt; 0.05 for both). None of the patients sustained a new vertebral compression fracture during follow-up. The proportion of patients with new long-bone fractures was higher in the 2 years before treatment discontinuation than in the last 2 years of follow-up (42% and 16%, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Dinitrosyl iron complexes: From molecular electrocatalysts to electrodeposited‐film electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Lu Shan , Chiang Jin‐Cheng , Chiou Tzung‐Wen , Liaw Wen‐Feng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractClean and large‐scale production of hydrogen via water splitting triggered by active, robust, and low‐cost electrocatalysts is a promising and sustainable strategy for energy conversion and storage. In this study, a series of four‐coordinated chelating amine‐bound {Fe(NO)2}10 dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) [(L)Fe(NO)2] were synthesized to investigate how the electronic structure of [Fe(NO)2] unit of DNICs was tailored to promote the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) triggered by the homogeneous DNICs' molecular catalysts and the heterogeneous DNIC‐derived electrodeposited‐film electrodes. The electrochemical studies demonstrate that HER onset potentials of those DNICs in neutral sodium sulfate aqueous solution are dependent on their IR ν(NO) stretching frequencies, indicating that the electron‐rich [Fe(NO)2] core modulated by the synergistic cooperation of the electron‐donating ability and steric effect of methyl‐/hydrogen‐substituted diamine‐coordinated ligands, presumably, benefits the formation of metal‐hydride intermediate to reduce the required onset potential. In contrast with homogeneous catalyst retaining its molecular integrity during the catalytic HER process, it is noticed that DNICs [(L)Fe(NO)2] act as the precursor of the active heterogeneous HER catalyst during the electrocatalytic HER process. It is presumed that the intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions among DNICs [(L)Fe(NO)2] may control the particle sizes of DNIC‐derived electrodeposited film to modulate HER efficiency.
Simulation and optimization of Novozym 40086 kinetic resolution of α‐cyclopentylphenylacetic acid enantiomers
Authors: Zhang Panliang , Cheng Qing , Xu Weifeng , Tang Kewen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDEnzymatic resolution of enantiomers by hydrolysis is a popular method, yet most enantiomers have low solubility in the aqueous phase, resulting in low conversion. Notwithstanding this, the simulation and optimization of the reaction process by modelling has been reported only rarely. Thus, PEG was added to the aqueous phase and a mathematical model was established to obtain optimal conditions.RESULTSThe effects of various parameters were investigated to build an optimized reaction system. The results indicated that temperature and pH had little effect on enantiomeric excess, but they had significant effect on conversion. Conversion was enhanced by 85% with the addition of PEG 400. Kinetic studies showed that pentanol competitively inhibited enzyme activity. A mathematical model was developed, and forward and reverse reactions were taken into consideration. Through simulation and optimization of model, the optimum conditions were obtained as follows: 10 mg mL−1 Novozym 40086, 10 mmol L−1 substrate, 30% PEG 400, temperature 45 °C, pH 6.5 and reaction time 36 h.CONCLUSIONChiral resolution of α‐cyclopentylphenylacetic acid enantiomer (CPPA) was achieved by Novozym 40086 enantioselective hydrolysis of the CPPA ester. Under optimum conditions, eep and cs were 95.83% and 88.52%, respectively. The relative errors between predicted values and experimental values were <5%, confirming that the model could accurately predict the enzymatic resolution reaction. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation of glucocorticoids in water by dielectric barrier discharge and dielectric barrier discharge combined with calcium peroxide: performance comparison and synergistic effects
Authors: Liu Yanan , Wang Cihao , Huang Keliang , Miruka Andere Clement , Dong Ai , Guo Ying , Zhang Ai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDegradation of glucocorticoids (GCs), including fluocinolone acetonide (FA), triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and clobetasol propionate (CP), in water by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and DBD combined with calcium peroxide treatment (DBD/CaO2) were investigated. Effects of discharge power, pH, plasma‐working gas and CaO2 dosage were examined during DBD and DBD/CaO2 treatments. The synergistic output from the combination of CaO2 with DBD on •OH concentration, pH, conductivity, CaO2 adsorption and the overall influence on GC removal were assessed. Toxicity variations and feasibility to various water matrices by DBD and DBD/CaO2 treatments also were analyzed and compared.RESULTSThe removal efficiencies of FA, TA and CP achieved were 74%, 70% and 75%, respectively, at 36.68 W over 120 min in air with unadjusted pH (energy yield of 7.47 mg kW−1 h−1). Significant synergistic effects were observed in combining CaO2 with DBD with a CaO2‐concentration‐dependent mechanism. The removal efficiency of FA, TA and CP increased by 7%, 32% and 31%, respectively, by DBD/CaO2 in comparison with DBD alone after 60 min treatments at CaO2 dosage of 0.4 g L−1. In addition, DBD/CaO2 treatment was more effective in controlling toxicity and had better efficacy in various water matrices than DBD alone.CONCLUSIONThis study provides a reference point for the application of DBD and DBD/CaO2 treatments to effectively remove GCs from water. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Performance of a new fully automated transthoracic three‐dimensional echocardiographic software for quantification of left cardiac chamber size and function: Comparison with 3 Tesla cardiac magnetic resonance
Authors: Levy Franck , Iacuzio Laura , Schouver Elie D. , Essayagh Benjamin , Civaia Filippo , Dommerc Carinne , Maréchaux Sylvestre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of a new fully automated fast three‐dimensional (3D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) software for the simultaneous assessment of left atrial (LA) volumes and LA ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular (LV) volumes, LV mass, and LVEF, and to compare the results obtained with a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) reference.MethodsWe included retrospectively 56 patients (46 men; mean age 63 ± 13 years) in sinus rhythm who had had comprehensive 3D TTE and CMR examinations within 24 hours.ResultsDespite a slight underestimation of LV and LA volumes, LVEF and LAEF were similar using CMR or 3DTTE (58% ± 16% vs 58% ± 12%; P = .65 and 45% ± 14% vs 46% ± 15%; P = .38, respectively) in the total population. Despite significant correlation between TTE and CMR measurements (r = 0.78; P < .001), 3D TTE underestimated LV mass (bias = −27 ± 35 g).Conclusion3D TTE using a new‐generation fully automated software is a fast and reproducible imaging modality for simultaneous extensive quantification of left heart chambers size and function in routine practice. Potential underestimation of LA volume and LV mass, and of LVEF in patients with LVEF <50%, should be taken into consideration.
ACR guidance document on MR safe practices: Updates and critical information 2019
Authors:   ACR Committee on MR Safety:, Greenberg Todd D. , Hoff Michael N. , Gilk Tobias B. , Jackson Edward F. , Kanal Emanuel , McKinney Alexander M. , Och Joseph G. , Pedrosa Ivan , Rampulla Tina L. , Reeder Scott B. , Rogg Jeffrey M. , Shellock Frank G. , Watson Robert E. , Weinreb Jeffrey C. , Hernandez Dina 
Published: July 2019

The need for a guidance document on MR safe practices arose from a growing awareness of the MR environment's potential risks and adverse event reports involving patients, equipment, and personnel. Initially published in 2002, the American College of Radiology White Paper on MR Safety established de facto industry standards for safe and responsible practices in clinical and research MR environments. The most recent version addresses new sources of risk of adverse events, increases awareness of dynamic MR environments, and recommends that those responsible for MR medical director safety undergo annual MR safety training. With regular updates to these guidelines, the latest MR safety concerns can be accounted for to ensure a safer MR environment where dangers are minimized.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:331–338.
A quality audit of MRI knee exams with the implementation of a novel 2‐point DIXON sequence
Authors: Bastian‐Jordan Matthew , Dhupelia Sanjay , McMeniman Morgan , Lanham Matthew , Hislop‐Jambrich Jacqueline 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on diagnostic image quality and acquisition time utilising a DIXON sequence to replace two standard proton density (PD) fat saturation (FS) sequences in routine magnetic resonance (MR) evaluation of the knee.MethodsThirty‐one consecutive patients referred for an MR examination of the knee were examined using the routine departmental protocol along with the addition of a DIXON sequence. The sequences were all evaluated by a senior radiologist and feedback provided via both written and scored responses. The sequences were then repackaged for two additional reviewers with the sagittal PD FS (Chemical Shift Selective Fat Saturation or CHESS) and sagittal PD removed and replaced with the DIXON (fat suppressed and in‐phase, respectively) sequence equivalents. Scored and written responses were tabled and reviewed to assess the suitability of sequence replacement.ResultsThe DIXON‐based images were judged as being comparable replacements for the sagittal PD fat sat and PD sequences. There was no report of any loss in diagnostic confidence across the 31 patients (total of 32 knees) with a time saving of just over 10% gained. The most common issues raised affecting image quality, though not affecting diagnostic attributes, were patient motion and a minor chemical shift artefact.ConclusionThe use of the DIXON technique in place of the PD sequences was of equivalent diagnostic quality with’good’ to ‘outstanding’ fat suppression observed for the majority of cases using the DIXON sequence with an incremental time saving obtained.
Guilt in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Active Duty Military Personnel
Authors: McLean Carmen P. , Zandberg Laurie , Brown Lily , Zang Yinyin , Benhamou Kathy , Dondanville Katherine A. , Yarvis Jeffrey S. , Litz Brett T. , Mintz Jim , Young‐McCaughan Stacey , Peterson Alan L. , Foa Edna B. ,   for the STRONG STAR Consortium
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe current study examined the role of trauma‐related guilt on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom change during prolonged exposure therapy (PE) as well as the efficacy of PE in reducing three dimensions of guilt (responsibility, wrongdoing, and lack of justification) during treatment. Participants were 331 active duty U.S. military personnel seeking treatment for PTSD who were randomized to one of four groups: massed PE (10 sessions delivered over 2 weeks), spaced PE (10 sessions delivered over 8 weeks), present‐centered therapy (PCT; 10 sessions delivered over 8 weeks), or minimal contact control (MCC; weekly therapist phone check‐in for 4 weeks). The results showed that baseline guilt did not predict reductions in PTSD symptoms for spaced PE or for PCT, ps = .178–.387, ds = −0.02–0.07. Treatment condition (massed PE vs. MCC; spaced PE vs. PCT) did not moderate reductions in guilt for spaced PE versus PCT. Guilt decreased significantly over treatment in all groups, p < .001 to p = .038, ds = −0.19 to –0.42, except concerning justification in the spaced PE and PCT groups, p = .140, d = −0.10. The findings suggest that guilt may be reduced significantly following active PTSD treatment and attention control and that PTSD recovery is not impacted by baseline levels of trauma‐related guilt in military personnel with PTSD, although reported levels of guilt were low to moderate in this sample.
Converting forests into rubber plantations weakened the soil CH4 sink in tropical uplands
Authors: Lang Rong , Goldberg Stefanie , Blagodatsky Sergey , Piepho Hans‐Peter , Harrison Rhett D. , Xu Jianchu , Cadisch Georg 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge‐scale conversion of natural forest to rubber plantations has taken place for decades in Southeast Asia, help to make it a deforestation hot spot. Besides negative changes in biodiversity, ecosystem water, and carbon budgets, converting forests to plantations often reduced CH4 uptake by soils. The latter process, which might be partly responsible for resumed increase in the growth rate of CH4 atmospheric concentrations since 2006, has not been adequately investigated. We measured soil surface CH4 fluxes during 2014 and 2015 in natural forests and rubber plantations of different age and soil textures in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China—a representative area for this type of land‐use change. Natural forest soils were stronger CH4 sinks than rubber soils, with annual CH4 fluxes of −2.41 ± 0.28 and −1.01 ± 0.23 kg C ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Water‐filled pore space was the main factor explaining the differences between natural forests and rubber plantations, even reverting rubber soils temporarily from CH4 sink into a methane source during the rainy season in older plantations. Soil nitrate content was often lower under rubber plantations. Added as a model covariate, this factor improved explanation power of the CH4 flux—water‐filled pore space regression. Although soils under rubber plantation were more clayey than soils under natural forest, this was not the decisive factor driving higher soil moisture and lower CH4 uptake in rubber soils. Thus, the conversion of forests into rubber plantations exerts a negative impact on the CH4 balance in the tropics and likely contributes to global climate.
Biosynthesis of Jasmonates from Linoleic Acid by the Fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Evidence for a Novel Allene Oxide Cyclase
Authors: Oliw Ernst H. , Hamberg Mats 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (FOT) secretes (+)‐7‐iso‐jasmonoyl‐(S)‐isoleucine ((+)‐JA‐Ile) to the growth medium together with about 10 times less 9,10‐dihydro‐(+)‐7‐iso‐JA‐Ile. Plants and fungi form (+)‐JA‐Ile from 18:3n‐3 via 12‐oxophytodienoic acid (12‐OPDA), which is formed sequentially by 13S‐lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase (AOS), and allene oxide cyclase (AOC). Plant AOC does not accept linoleic acid (18:2n‐6)‐derived allene oxides and dihydrojasmonates are not commonly found in plants. This raises the question whether 18:2n‐6 serves as the precursor of 9,10‐dihydro‐JA‐Ile in Fusarium, or whether the latter arises by a putative reductase activity operating on the n‐3 double bond of (+)‐JA‐Ile or one of its precursors. Incubation of pentadeuterated (d5) 18:3n‐3 with mycelia led to the formation of d5‐(+)‐JA‐Ile whereas d5‐9,10‐dihydro‐JA‐Ile was not detectable. In contrast, d5‐9,10‐dihydro‐(+)‐JA‐Ile was produced following incubation of [17,17,18,18,18‐2H5]linoleic acid (d5‐18:2n‐6). Furthermore, 9(S),13(S)‐12‐oxophytoenoic acid, the 15,16‐dihydro analog of 12‐OPDA, was formed upon incubation of unlabeled or d5‐18:2n‐6. Appearance of the α‐ketol, 12‐oxo‐13‐hydroxy‐9‐octadecenoic acid following incubation of unlabeled or [13C18]‐labeled 13(S)‐hydroperoxy‐9(Z),11(E)‐octadecadienoic acid confirmed the involvement of AOS and the biosynthesis of the allene oxide 12,13(S)‐epoxy‐9,11‐octadecadienoic acid. The lack of conversion of this allene oxide by AOC in higher plants necessitates the conclusion that the fungal AOC is distinct from the corresponding plant enzyme.
Hall's universal group has ample generic automorphisms
Authors: Song Shichang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe show that the automorphism group of Hall's universal locally finite group has ample generics, that is, it admits comeager diagonal conjugacy classes in all dimensions. Consequently, it has the small index property, is not the union of a countable chain of non‐open subgroups, and has the automatic continuity property. Also, we discuss some algebraic and topological properties of the automorphism group of Hall's universal group. For example, we show that every generic automorphism of Hall's universal group is conjugate to all of its powers, and hence has roots of all orders.
Multifunctional Fe(III)‐Binding Polyethers from Hydroxamic Acid‐Based Epoxide Monomers
Authors: Johann Tobias , Kemmer‐Jonas Ulrike , Barent Ramona D. , Frey Holger 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiple hydroxamic acids are introduced at poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) via copolymerization of ethylene oxide with a novel epoxide monomer containing a 1,4,2‐dioxazole‐protected hydroxamic acid (HAAGE). AB‐ and ABA‐type di‐ and triblock copolymers as well as statistical copolymers of HAAGE and ethylene oxide are prepared in a molecular weight range between 2600 and 12 000 g mol−1 with low dispersities (Ð < 1.2). Cleavage of the acetal protecting group after the polymerization is achieved by mild acidic treatment, releasing multiple free hydroxamic acids tethered to the polyether backbone. The chelation properties of different polymer architectures (statistical versus diblock and ABA triblock) are investigated and compared with regard to the number and position of hydroxamic acids. Separation of the hydroxamic acid units by at least 5 ethylene glycol monomer units is found to be essential for high Fe(III) binding efficiency, while block copolymers are observed to be the best‐suited architecture for polymer network and hydrogel formation via Fe(III) chelation.
DSM‐5 personality domains as correlates of non‐suicidal self‐injury severity in an Italian sample of adolescent inpatients with self‐destructive behaviour
Authors: Somma Antonella , Fossati Andrea , Ferrara Mauro , Fantini Fiorella , Galosi Serena , Krueger Robert F. , Markon Kristian E. , Terrinoni Arianna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the associations between DSM‐5 alternative model of personality disorder dysfunctional personality domains and the clinician's ratings of non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) severity, a sample of consecutively admitted Italian adolescent inpatients (N = 100) were administered the Italian translations of the DSM‐5 Clinician Rating Scale‐NSSI (CRS‐NSSI), the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis II Personality Disorders, Version 2.0 (SCID‐II) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Bivariate association analyses showed that PID‐5 negative affectivity scores and CDI total score were significantly associated with CRS‐NSSI ratings. PID‐5 negative affectivity score proved to be a significant predictor of the CRS‐NSSI score even when the effect of the CDI total score was held constant. Our results highlighted that specific risk factors for NSSI severity may be identified even among NSSI adolescents. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymeric Micelles Employing Platinum(II) Linker for the Delivery of the Kinase Inhibitor Dactolisib
Authors: Shi Haili , Lou Bo , van Steenbergen Mies J. , Sijbrandi Niels J. , Hennink Wim E. , Kok Robbert J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolymeric micelles are attractive nanocarriers for hydrophobic drug molecules such as the kinase inhibitor dactolisib. Two different poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(acrylic acid) (PEG‐b‐PAA) block‐copolymers are synthesized, PEG(5400)‐b‐PAA(2000) and PEG(10000)‐b‐PAA(3700), respectively. Polymeric micelles are formed by self‐assembly once dactolisib is conjugated via the ethylenediamine platinum(II) linker (Lx) to the PAA block of the block copolymers. Dactolisib micelles with dactolisib loading content of 17% w/w show good colloidal stability and display sustained release of Lx‐dactolisib over 96 h in PBS at 37 °C, while media containing reagents that compete for platinum coordination (e.g., glutathione (GSH) or dithiothreitol (DTT)) effectuate release of the parent inhibitor dactolisib at similar release rates. Dactolisib/lissamine‐loaded micelles are internalized by human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF‐7) in a dose and time‐dependent manner as demonstrated by confocal microscopy. Dactolisib‐loaded micelles inhibit the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway at low concentrations (400 × 10−9 m) and exhibit potent cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 cells with IC50 values of 462 ± 46 and 755 ± 75 × 10−9 m for micelles with either short or longer PEG‐b‐PAA block lengths. In conclusion, dactolisib loaded PEG‐b‐PAA micelles are successfully prepared and hold potential for nanomedicine‐based tumor delivery of dactolisib.
Sensitive and Reliable SERS Substrates Based on Hierarchical Nanoparticle Arrays Fabricated by Confined Spheroidization
Authors: Wu Jing , Yang Xihua , Fang Jinghuai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSubstrates with complex and hierarchical nanostructure are widely investigated in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), but it remains challenging to improve the structural uniformity and stability. Herein, a novel method is proposed: confined spheroidization. Unique configurations of hierarchical metallic nanoparticle arrays (HMNA) are successfully fabricated by confined spheroidizing on anodic aluminum oxide templates. By utilizing the confined effect of the holes, a series of large particles inside the hole and small particles arranged on the hole wall are obtained after thermal annealing. The size and distribution of nanoparticles strongly depend on the hole size, the thickness of the hole wall, and the deposition thickness of metal layer. COMSOL simulations demonstrate good SERS activity of the HMNA, with a low detection limit of ≈10−8 m for crystal violet (CV) and the enhancement factor of ≈ 4.97 × 107 at the 1160 cm−1 mode of CV. The relative standard deviation of 6.23% from 59 random spots and a 9.24% signal variation among ten substrates are achieved, showing good SERS signal reproducibility of the HMNA. This simple and low‐cost technique makes it possible to prepare 3D hierarchical ordered micro–nanostructures by one‐step, showing prospect applications in SERS‐based detection and plasmonic materials.