bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CPT1C promotes human mesenchymal stem cells survival under glucose deprivation through the modulation of autophagy
Authors: Roa-Mansergas Xavier , Fadó Rut , Atari Maher , Mir Joan F. , Muley Helena , Serra Dolors , Casals Núria 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine. In some applications, they must survive under low nutrient conditions engendered by avascularity. Strategies to improve hMSCs survival may be of high relevance in tissue engineering. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 C (CPT1C) is a pseudoenzyme exclusively expressed in neurons and cancer cells. In the present study, we show that CPT1C is also expressed in hMSCs and protects them against glucose starvation, glycolysis inhibition, and oxygen/glucose deprivation. CPT1C overexpression in hMSCs did not increase fatty acid oxidation capacity, indicating that the role of CPT1C in these cells is different from that described in tumor cells. The increased survival of CPT1C-overexpressing hMSCs observed during glucose deficiency was found to be the result of autophagy enhancement, leading to a greater number of lipid droplets and increased intracellular ATP levels. In fact, inhibition of autophagy or lipolysis was observed to completely block the protective effects of CPT1C. Our results indicate that CPT1C-mediated autophagy enhancement in glucose deprivation conditions allows a greater availability of lipids to be used as fuel substrate for ATP generation, revealing a new role of CPT1C in stem cell adaptation to low nutrient environments.
Over 15 MA/cm2 of critical current density in 4.8 µm thick, Zr-doped (Gd,Y)Ba2Cu3Ox superconductor at 30 K, 3T
Authors: Majkic Goran , Pratap Rudra , Xu Aixia , Galstyan Eduard , Selvamanickam Venkat 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn Advanced MOCVD (A-MOCVD) reactor was used to deposit 4.8 µm thick (Gd,Y)BaCuO tapes with 15 mol% Zr addition in a single pass. A record-high critical current density (J
c
) of 15.11 MA/cm2 has been measured over a bridge at 30 K, 3T, corresponding to an equivalent (I
c
) value of 8705 A/12 mm width. This corresponds to a lift factor in critical current of ~11 which is the highest ever reported to the best of author’s knowledge. The measured critical current densities at 3T (B||c) and 30, 40 and 50 K, respectively, are 15.11, 9.70 and 6.26 MA/cm2, corresponding to equivalent Ic values of 8705, 5586 and 3606 A/12 mm and engineering current densities (J
e
) of 7068, 4535 and 2928 A/mm2. The engineering current density (J
e
) at 40 K, 3T is 7 times higher than that of the commercial HTS tapes available with 7.5 mol% Zr addition. Such record-high performance in thick films (>1 µm) is a clear demonstration that growing thick REBCO films with high critical current density (J
c
) is possible, contrary to the usual findings of strong J
c
degradation with film thickness. This achievement was possible due to a combination of strong temperature control and uniform laminar flow achieved in the A-MOCVD system, coupled with optimization of BaZrO3 nanorod growth parameters.
Assessment of Microbial Community Structure and Function in Serially Passaged Wastewater Electro-Bioreactor Sludge: An Approach to Enhance Sludge Settleability
Authors: ElNaker Nancy A. , Elektorowicz Maria , Naddeo Vincenzo , Hasan Shadi W. , Yousef Ahmed F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSeveral studies have been carried out to understand bulking phenomena and the importance of environmental factors on sludge settling characteristics. The main objective of this study was to carry out functional characterization of microbial community structure of wastewater electro-bioreactor sludge as it undergoes serial passaging in the presence or absence of a current density over 15 days. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and QIIME were used to assess sludge microbial community shifts over time. (α) and (β) diversity analysis were conducted to assess the microbial diversity in electro-bioreactors. A phylogeny-based weighted UniFrac distance analysis was used to compare between bacterial communities while BIO-ENV trend and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis were performed to investigate how reactor operational parameters correlated with bacterial community diversity. Results showed that the removal efficiency of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) ranged from 91–97%, while phosphorous (PO43−-P) removal was approximately 99%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed stark differences in the development of sludge microbial communities in the control and treatment reactor. There was no mention of any studies aimed at characterizing functional microbial communities under electric field and the results communicated here are the first, to our knowledge, that address this gap in the literature.
Population Health in Pediatric Speech and Language Disorders: Available Data Sources and a Research Agenda for the Field
Authors: Raghavan Ramesh , Camarata Stephen , White Karl , Barbaresi William , Parish Susan , Krahn Gloria 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The aim of the study was to provide an overview of population science as applied to speech and language disorders, illustrate data sources, and advance a research agenda on the epidemiology of these conditions.

Method
Computer-aided database searches were performed to identify key national surveys and other sources of data necessary to establish the incidence, prevalence, and course and outcome of speech and language disorders. This article also summarizes a research agenda that could enhance our understanding of the epidemiology of these disorders.

Results
Although the data yielded estimates of prevalence and incidence for speech and language disorders, existing sources of data are inadequate to establish reliable rates of incidence, prevalence, and outcomes for speech and language disorders at the population level.

Conclusions
Greater support for inclusion of speech and language disorder–relevant questions is necessary in national health surveys to build the population science in the field.
“I Think He Wants You to Play the Guitar:” Use of Behavioral Interpretation as a Strategy for Facilitating Peer Interaction Across Autistic and Nonautistic Peers
Authors: Vidal Verónica , Ernat Carissa , DeThorne Laura 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe study examined the nature and potential impact of a relatively novel clinician strategy, behavioral interpretation, on peer interactions involving an autistic child.MethodThis extended qualitative analysis reviewed 49 instances of a clinician using behavioral interpretation as part of a music education program. The program was designed to facilitate peer interaction across a 7-year-old autistic child. Aaron, and 4 of his nonautistic peers from the same classroom. After reviewing the 21 video-recorded sessions, the research team selected the most salient examples of behavioral interpretation for microanalyses.FindingsBy focusing on a detailed review of the 6 most clear, concise, and compelling examples, we found that behavioral interpretation took 2 forms aimed at helping explain an unclear behavior: narrating (e.g., “I see you looking at strings”) and offering possible meanings (e.g., “I think he wants you to play guitar”). After limited exposure to behavioral interpretation, peers began displaying similar patterns of interaction that drew attention and speculation regarding Aaron's nonverbal forms of communication.ConclusionsBehavioral interpretation, a relatively undocumented strategy in the autism literature, appeared as a feasible and promising strategy for shaping egalitarian peer interaction. Important nuances regarding the implementation and limitations of this strategy are also discussed.
Low‐cost coaxial DFB LD transmitter optical subassembly for 25 Gb/s NRZ and 50 Gb/s PAM‐4 transmissions
Authors: Jou Jau‐Ji , Shih Tien‐Tsorng , Su Zhe‐Xian , Liao Chuan‐Yu , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2018

Here, a directly modulated coaxial distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode (LD) transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA) module is proposed for 25 Gb/s non‐return‐to‐zero (NRZ) and 50 Gb/s four‐level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM‐4) transmissions. A low‐cost TO‐56 header was used in the DFB LD TOSA package. The high‐frequency performance of the coaxial 1310 nm DFB LD TOSA module was simulated and analysed. The simulated frequency response can correspond with the measured result, and the 3 dB bandwidth was 19 GHz. In the back‐to‐back and 10 km signal mode fibre transmissions, 25 Gb/s NRZ and 50 Gb/s PAM‐4 eye diagrams of the DFB LD TOSA were measured. Clear 25 Gb/s NRZ and 50 Gb/s PAM‐4 eye openings can be observed. For 25 Gb/s NRZ transmissions, the received sensitivity was −11.8 dBm under a bit error rate (BER) of 10−12. For 50 Gb/s PAM‐4 transmissions, the BER was estimated to be below the forward error correction threshold. The low‐cost coaxial DFB LD TOSA is suitable in 100, 200, and 400 Gb/s transmissions.
Control of a high‐voltage bidirectional dc–dc flyback converter for driving DEAs
Authors: Shagerdmootaab Ali , Pourazadi Shahram , Moallem Mehrdad , Menon Carlo 
Published: April 2018

This study presents modelling and control of a high‐voltage ratio flyback converter for driving capacitive loads including smart material dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). These actuators find various applications including artificial muscles, optical devices, smart skin, and acoustics but require high actuation voltages. To this end, a high‐voltage bidirectional flyback converter for driving a capacitive load is studied in terms of modelling and control and applied to a DEA. The state‐space model of the converter is obtained for the capacitor charge and discharge modes when the converter operates in the continuous conduction mode and used to obtain a load voltage controller using the feedback linearisation method. The converter can be used to regenerate the capacitor charge into the dc source. The proposed hardware and control strategy was built and validated by driving DEA capacitive loads operating at high voltages around 4 kV. The experimental results are presented which validate the performance of the proposed converter and its control strategy.
Near‐field reconstruction for portable wireless devices by deconvolution from input impedance changes
Authors: Horváth Bálint , Horváth Péter , Badics Zsolt , Pavó József 
Published: April 2018

The near‐field validation of computational electromagnetic models of personal wireless communication devices is becoming indispensable, especially, when assessing specific absorption rate (SAR) compliance to regulatory limits by computer simulation. A possible practice for such validation is to compare measured and simulated electromagnetic field distributions in a standard flat phantom designed for SAR compliance measurements. The authors recently presented an input impedance measurement‐based validation method. They extend their scheme with a deconvolution procedure. This enables near field validation based on the reconstructed field obtained by the deconvolved measurement of the impedance change compared to the calculated . However, the reconstruction problem is inherently ill conditioned and requires numerical treatment. They demonstrate that the regularisation of the convolution matrix makes the reconstruction of the field feasible with promising error. Through examples of a 1 GHz printed inverted F and a 1.8 GHz printed monopole antenna, they show that the mean‐square error as low as 1% between the original and the reconstructed is achievable with the proposed method.
Bifurcation analysis of insulin regulated mTOR signalling pathway in cancer cells
Authors: Sriram Krishnamachari 
Published: April 2018

Insulin induced mTOR signalling pathway is a complex network implicated in many types of cancers. The molecular mechanism of this pathway is highly complex and the dynamics is tightly regulated by intricate positive and negative feedback loops. In breast cancer cell lines, metformin has been shown to induce phosphorylation at specific serine sites in insulin regulated substrate of mTOR pathway that results in apoptosis over cell proliferation. The author models and performs bifurcation analysis to simulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in mTOR signalling pathway to capture the dynamics both in the presence and absence of metformin in cancer cells. Metformin is shown to negatively regulate PI3K through AMPK induced IRS1 phosphorylation and this brings about a reversal of AKT bistablity in codimension‐1 bifurcation diagram from S‐shaped, related to cell proliferation in the absence of drug metformin, to Z‐shaped, related to apoptosis in the presence of drug metformin. The author hypothesises and explains how this negative regulation acts a circuit breaker, as a result of which mTOR network favours apoptosis of cancer cells over its proliferation. The implication of reversing the shape of bistable dynamics from S to Z or vice‐versa in biological networks in general is discussed.
Numerical estimation of wavefront error breakdown in adaptive optics
Authors: Ferreira F. , Gendron E. , Rousset G. , Gratadour D. 
Published: April 2018

Aims.Adaptive optics (AO) system performance is improved using post-processing techniques, such as point spread function (PSF) deconvolution. The PSF estimation involves characterization of the different wavefront (WF) error sources in the AO system. We propose a numerical error breakdown estimation tool that allows studying AO error source behavior such as their correlations. We also propose a new analytical model for anisoplanatism and bandwidth errors that were validated with the error breakdown estimation tool. This model is the first step for a complete AO residual error model that is expressed in deformable mirror space, leading to practical usage such as PSF reconstruction or turbulent parameters identification.Methods.We have developed in the computing platform for adaptive optics systems (COMPASS) code, which is an end-to-end simulation code using graphics processing units (GPU) acceleration, an estimation tool that provides a comprehensive error breakdown by the outputs of a single simulation run. We derive the various contributors from the end-to-end simulator at each iteration step: this method provides temporal buffers of each contributor. Then, we use this tool to validate a new model of anisoplanatism and bandwidth errors including their correlation. This model is based on a statistical approach that computes the error covariance matrices using structure functions.Results.On a SPHERE-like system, the comparison between a PSF computed from the error breakdown with a PSF obtained from classical end-to-end simulation shows that the statistics convergence limits converge very well, with a sub-percent difference in terms of Strehl ratio and ensquared energy at 5λ/Dseparation. A correlation analysis shows significant correlations between some contributors, especially WF measurement deviation error and bandwidth error due to centroid gain, and the well-known correlation between bandwidth and anisoplanatism errors is also retrieved. The model we propose for the two latter errors shows an SR and EE difference of about one percent compared to the end-to-end simulation, even if some approximations exist.
Complications of Polydioxanone Foil Use in Nasal Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Frankel Andrew , Friedman Oren , Wang Leo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPolydioxanone (PDS) foil is widely recognized as a septal cartilage replacement during rhinoplasties and is thought to be completely resorbable and biodegradable. Since its United States Food and Drug Administration approval in 2010, PDS foil has drawn significant enthusiasm and many surgeons consider it an ideal implantable biomaterial as reflected in numerous studies highlighting its benefits. However, scant literature exists highlighting relevant complications of PDS plates that may potentially lead to cavalier overuse. This descriptive case series assesses the outcomes of PDS foil usage in three patients seen for septoplasty at two independent institutions over the past 5 years. Our results demonstrate that PDS plate usage can lead to septal cartilage loss and resultant saddle nose deformıty associated with prolonged postoperative edema and inflammation. To our knowledge, this is the largest case series of this reported phenomenon.
Physiologie der Muskel- und Skelettentwicklung
Authors: Semler O. , Hoyer-Kuhn H.-K. , Rehberg M. , Schönau E. , Stark C. 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungMechanische Kräfte sind essenziell, um die Funktionen von Geweben, wie dem Knochen, aufrechtzuerhalten. Die Wichtigkeit der Muskulatur und deren einwirkende Kräfte auf den Knochen für die Skelettentwicklung sind seit langem bekannt. Das Konzept der funktionellen Muskel-Knochen-Einheit empfiehlt die konsequente Überprüfung der Muskulatur, um primäre von sekundären Skeletterkrankungen zu unterscheiden. Beide haben ein erhöhtes Frakturrisiko gemeinsam, welches es gilt, durch rehabilitative Maßnahmen zu minimieren. Effektive Rehabilitationskonzepte mit Schwerpunkt der Mobilität sollten die Zusammenhänge der Inaktivität und neuromuskulären Kommunikation berücksichtigen. Das multimodale Rehabilitationsprogramm „Auf die Beine“ für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Bewegungsstörungen ist translational aus Modellen zur funktionellen Muskel-Knochen-Einheit entstanden und es konnte eine positive Entwicklung der Mobilität bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Störungen der Mobilität nach Teilnahme festgestellt werden.
Hemoptysis and Endometriosis: An Unusual Association — Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Leonardo-Pinto Joao Paulo , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna , Quagliato Iuri , Yela Daniela Angerame 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThoracic endometriosis syndrome is a rare condition that includes four entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, catamenial hemoptysis and lung nodules. We describe the case of a 23-year-old woman with complaints of hemoptysis during menstrual period in the two years prior to the appointment. Initially, a treatment for tuberculosis was established with no success. Further investigation showed a 4 mm nodule in the right lung, and the transvaginal ultrasonography indicated the presence of deep endometriosis. Considering the occurrence of symptoms only during menses, an empirical therapy was instituted with remission of the complaints.
Predictors of Bleeding in Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease: A Cohort Study Using The Health Improvement Network in the United Kingdom
Authors: Cea Soriano Lucía , Fowkes F. Gerry , Allum Alaster , Johansson Saga , García Rodriguez Luis 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this analysis was to assess potential predictors of intra-cranial bleeding (ICB) and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) in UK primary care. Patients with symptomatic PAD diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 were identified from The Health Improvement Network (THIN; N = 28,484). A nested case–control analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential predictors of ICB or GIB. For GIB, follow-up was restricted to Hospital Episode Statistics-linked THIN practices. Median follow-up was 6 years. For ICB (153 cases), the OR (95% CI) was 3.85 (1.33–11.13) for previous ICB, 0.90 (0.61–1.34) for treated hypertension, 1.59 (0.65–3.87) for untreated hypertension and 1.38 (0.80–2.36) for current smoking. ORs for ICB were 0.78 (0.50–1.21), 0.40 (0.09–1.82) and 1.27 (0.47–3.47) with use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel and warfarin monotherapy, respectively, compared with non-use of such therapy. For GIB (506 cases), the OR was 1.40 (1.05–1.86) for peptic ulcer disease, 3.20 (1.81–5.64) for dual anti-platelet therapy use, 1.96 (1.46–2.64) for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and 1.01 (0.80–1.28) for proton pump inhibitor use. ORs for GIB were 1.78 (1.39–2.30), 2.03 (1.05–3.93) and 1.25 (0.72–2.16) with ASA, clopidogrel and warfarin monotherapy, respectively, compared with non-use. Previous ICB was a risk factor for ICB. Use of anti-platelet therapy or NSAIDs increased GIB risk. Identifying bleeding predictors could help optimize treatment strategies for patients with PAD.
Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten
Authors: Bliemel C. , Aigner R. , Rolfes C. , Ruchholtz S. , Buecking B. , Eschbach D. 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von Mangelernährung geriatrischer Patienten wird im Allgemeinen mit über 50 % angegeben. Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten rangiert im Kollektiv der proximalen Femurfrakturen zwischen 30 und 50 %. Insgesamt erscheinen sowohl die angegebenen Häufigkeiten als auch die angewandten Messinstrumente inhomogen. Malnutrition führt zu einer Verschlechterung der Wundheilung, einer längeren postoperativen Immobilität, einem verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt sowie zu einer Steigerung der Mortalität. Unter Hinzuziehung bestehender Leitlinien erreichen das Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) sowie das Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) eine ausreichende prädiktive Validität in diesem geriatrischen Patientengut, um ein Screening auf Mangelernährung durchzuführen. Bezüglich möglicher therapeutischer Interventionen ist die Studienlage limitiert: Vorhandene Studien zeigen oft eine geringe Patientenzahl und demente Patienten, die besonders häufig mangelernährt sind, wurden häufig ausgeschlossen. Eine Leitlinie explizit für dieses spezielle Patientengut existiert aktuell nicht. Ein suffizientes Screening des Ernährungszustandes sowie Daten zur Durchführbarkeit und Effizienz einer kurzfristigen perioperativen Nahrungsergänzung könnten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung dieser oft multimorbiden und fragilen Patienten leisten.
KIF15 nanomechanics and kinesin inhibitors, with implications for cancer chemotherapeutics
Authors: Milic Bojan , Chakraborty Anirban , Han Kyuho , Bassik Michael C. , Block Steven M. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Eg5, a mitotic kinesin, has long been an anticancer drug target. However, a different kinesin motor, KIF15, can rescue cell division when Eg5 is incapacitated, leading to chemotherapeutic resistance. We characterized KIF15 motor mechanics at the single-molecule level and studied the effects of combinations of small-molecule inhibitors of KIF15 and Eg5 on admixtures of motors in a motility assay, as well as on cancer cell proliferation. Taken together, our results point the way toward a strategy of combination drug therapy targeting both Eg5 and KIF15 as a means of overcoming KIF15-mediated cancer resistance. This work highlights the importance of understanding the molecular physiology of different kinesins and of exploring inhibitors that target additional mitotic kinesins.