bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID time: Temporal imaginaries and pandemic materialities
Authors: Butler Ella , Lupton Deborah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince the advent of the COVID‐19 pandemic, several ways of understanding time have emerged: what we may call ‘COVID time’. Based on 40 qualitative online interviews in 2022 with Australians living across the continent, this article examines how people situated themselves and COVID‐19 in historical time. It further explores how material aspects, place and space (or “pandemic materialities”) factored into lived experiences and temporal imaginaries. We focus on how time‐related concepts such as synchronisation and the definition of crises and events are interrelated in the participants’ understandings of COVID as either over or a continuing crisis. The sociomaterial dimensions that served to alert people to risk and encourage them to engage in preventive action are identified as ways in which COVID time was experienced, remembered, understood and imagined. While some respondents claimed that the present moment was ‘post‐COVID’, for others, the pandemic was far from over in 2022 and indeed stretched into the future. We use a sociomaterial lens to show how respondents portray the ‘temporal technologies’ and ‘objectifications’ of the event of COVID‐19—the tangible materialisations of its temporal status as either relegated to the past or continuing as a mode of present and future crisis.
Cannabis use and sleep problems among young adults by mental health status: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Walsh Claire A. , Euler Erin , Do Lauren A. , Zheng Amy , Eckel Sandrah P. , Harlow Bernard L. , Leventhal Adam M. , Barrington‐Trimis Jessica L. , Harlow Alyssa F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsYoung adult cannabis use is common; while cannabis is often marketed as a product that can improve sleep, evidence supporting these claims is limited, and effects may differ for individuals with underlying mental health issues. This study measured the association between cannabis use and sleep problems among young adults and determined whether associations differ by mental health status.Design, setting and participantsUsing two waves of a young adult cohort study (baseline: March–September 2020; follow‐up: January–June 2021), we measured the association of cannabis use frequency with subsequent sleep problems overall and stratified by baseline sleep quality and mental health status in separate moderation analyses. This study was conducted in Southern California, USA, and included 1926 participants aged 20–23 years (mean age = 21; 61% female, 46% Hispanic).MeasurementsExposure was baseline cannabis use frequency (never use, prior use, 1–5 days/month, 6–19 days/month, ≥ 20 days/month). The outcome was sleep problems at follow‐up (range = 4–24, higher score indicating worse sleep). Models were adjusted for socio‐demographic factors, baseline sleep problems, mental health symptoms (depression and/or anxiety versus neither) and past 30‐day nicotine or alcohol use. In moderation analyses, models were additionally stratified by mental health symptoms and baseline sleep quality (excellent versus imperfect sleep).FindingsAmong the young adult sample, 11% used cannabis ≥ 20 days/month at baseline. For participants without baseline anxiety or depression symptoms, using cannabis ≥ 20 days/month (versus never use) was associated with greater sleep problems at follow‐up [mean difference (MD) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59–2.74]. Among participants with anxiety and/or depression and pre‐existing sleep problems at baseline, using cannabis ≥ 20 days/month (versus never use) was associated with fewer sleep problems at follow‐up (MD = –1.42, 95% CI = –2.81 to –0.02).ConclusionsThe effects of cannabis use on sleep appear to differ by underlying mental health symptoms. Frequent cannabis use may improve sleep for young adults with depression and/or anxiety who have pre‐existing sleep problems, but worsen sleep for young adults without depression and/or anxiety.
Cost–benefit analysis and ‘next best’ methods to evaluate the efficiency of social policies: As in pitching horseshoes, closeness matters
Authors: Vining Aidan R. , Boardman Anthony E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMany policymakers are unwilling, or think that it is infeasible, to perform comprehensive cost–benefit analysis (CBA) of programmes in social policy arenas. What principles actually underlie CBA? An understanding is necessary to assess whether other evaluation methods are close enough to CBA to provide useful information on social efficiency. This paper explains five underlying CBA principles and the challenges in applying them to social policy arenas. It assesses a number of ‘less‐than comprehensive’ versions of CBA and analyses their ‘closeness’ to comprehensive CBA and, thus, their value as assessments of changes in social efficiency. We show some types of analysis are not close enough and explain why. We provide a taxonomy of these methods in terms of their comprehensiveness with respect to both social costs and benefits. We also argue that an analysis should provide a clear normative basis for its geographic scope in order to claim it assesses economic efficiency.
Association between CD20+ T lymphocytes and neuropsychological findings in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Esposito Antonio , Falco Fabrizia , Scalia Giulia , Gentile Laura , Spiezia Antonio Luca , Corsini Giuseppe , Manganiello Rosa , Eliano Martina , Lamagna Federica , Moccia Marcello , Petracca Maria , Lanzillo Roberta , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Carotenuto Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeCD20+ T lymphocytes are a subset of circulating T cells presenting the CD20+ receptor, a molecular marker of B lineage. CD20+ T lymphocytes are thought to play a pivotal role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, especially at progressive stages. We aimed to investigate the correlation between CD20+ T lymphocytes and neuropsychological features (i.e., cognition, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep quality) in MS patients.MethodsWe enrolled 90 MS patients. Each patient underwent cognitive assessment (Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis) and psychometric assessment (modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Cognitive status was defined through the cerebral functional score.ResultsForty‐four of 90 patients were relapsing–remitting (49%) and 46 were progressive patients (51%). Seventy patients (18.9%) showed CD20+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood with a mean level of 0.38 ± 1.2%. Patients with CD20+ T lymphocytes were more likely to be at progressive phases (76.5% vs. 23.5%, p = 0.02) and showed a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score (median [range] = 6.0 [1.5–7.5] vs. 3.5 [1–7.5], p = 0.001). Moreover, patients with CD20+ T lymphocytes showed worse cognitive functioning (p = 0.004), higher global fatigue symptoms (p = 0.02), higher cognitive fatigue (p = 0.01), higher psychosocial fatigue (p = 0.005), and a trend toward worse sleep quality (p = 0.06).ConclusionsThe presence of CD20+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of MS patients was associated with worse neuropsychological functioning and progressive disease stages. Peripheral CD20+ T lymphocytes could potentially serve as markers for both disease progression and development of fatigue in MS patients.
Impact of combining ablation index‐guided and very high‐power short‐duration ablation at posterior wall adjacent to esophagus during perioperative period on procedural factors
Authors: Yano Masamichi , Egami Yasuyuki , Abe Masaru , Osuga Mizuki , Nohara Hiroaki , Kawanami Shodai , Ukita Kohei , Kawamura Akito , Yasumoto Koji , Okamoto Naotaka , Matsunaga‐Lee Yasuharu , Nishino Masami 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of combining ablation index (AI)‐guided and very high‐power short‐duration (vHPSD) ablation on procedural factors at the posterior wall near the esophagus is unclear.MethodsAtrial fibrillation patients who underwent initial ablation using three‐dimensional mapping were enrolled. Patients were classified into two groups: those who underwent only AI‐guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) (AI group) and those who underwent vHPSD ablation at the posterior wall adjacent to the esophagus in addition to AI‐guided PVI (AI + vHPSD group). Differences in myocardial injury, inflammation, procedural characteristics, and pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection patterns were assessed between the two groups.ResultsThis study included 167 patients (AI group, 83 patients; AI+vHPSD group, 84 patients). No significant differences in high‐sensitive troponin I or changes in inflammatory markers between pre‐ and Postablation were observed in either group. Total application time and total application energy were significantly lower in the AI+vHPSD group than in the AI group (p < 0.001 for both) despite no significant difference in the total number of applications between the groups. The incidence of esophagus temperature ≥40 degrees was significantly lower in the AI+vHPSD group than in the AI group (p = 0.036). However, the incidence of PV reconnections near the esophagus was significantly higher in the AI+vHPSD group than in the AI group (11.9% vs 3.6%, p = 0.046), despite no significant difference in the incidence of PV reconnections overall.ConclusionThe combination of AI‐guided PVI and vHPSD adjacent to the esophagus demonstrated reduced application energy requirements and maintained safety and effectiveness during the perioperative period.
Left atrial functional changes associated with repeated catheter ablations for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Dong Jiawei , Kwan Eugene , Bergquist Jake A. , Dosdall Derek J. , DiBella Edward V. , MacLeod Rob S. , Stoddard Gregory J. , Konstantidinis Klitos , Steinberg Benjamin A. , Bunch T. Jared , Ranjan Ravi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of repeated atrial fibrillation (AF) ablations on left atrial (LA) mechanical function remains uncertain, with limited long‐term follow‐up data.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 108 AF patients who underwent two catheter ablations with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) done before and 3 months after each of the ablations from 2010 to 2021. The rate of change in peak longitudinal atrial strain (PLAS) assessed LA function. Additionally, a sub‐study of 36 patients who underwent an extra MRI before the second ablation, gave us an additional time segment to evaluate the basis of change in PLAS.ResultsIn the two‐ablation, three MRI sub‐study 1, the PLAS percent change rate was similar before and after the first ablation (r11 = −0.9 ± 3.1%/year, p = 0.771). However, the strain change rate from postablation 1 to postablation 2 was significantly worse (r12 = −23.7 ± 4.8%/year, p < 0.001). In the sub‐study 2 with four MRIs, all three rates were negative, with reductions from postablation 1 to pre‐ablation 2 (r22 = −13.3 ± 2.6%/year, p < 0.001) and from pre‐ablation 2 to postablation 2 (r23 = −8.9 ± 3.9%/year, p = 0.028) being significant.ConclusionThe present study suggests that the more ablations performed, the more significant the decrease in the postablation mechanical function of the LA. The natural progression of AF (strain change from postablation 1 to pre‐ablation 2) had a greater negative influence on LA mechanical function compared to the second ablation itself suggesting that second ablation in patients with recurrence after first ablation is an effective strategy even from the LA mechanical function aspect.
Recognition of a salivary effector by the TNL protein RCSP promotes effector‐triggered immunity and systemic resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Rao Weiwei , Ma Tingting , Cao Jiayuan , Zhang Yajun , Chen Sisi , Lin Shu , Liu Xiaoxiao , He Guangcun , Wan Li 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTInsects secret chemosensory proteins (CSPs) into plant cells as potential effector proteins during feeding. The molecular mechanisms underlying how CSPs activate plant immunity remain largely unknown. We show that CSPs from six distinct insect orders induce dwarfism when overexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Agrobacterium‐mediated transient expression of Nilaparvata lugens CSP11 (NlCSP11) triggered cell death and plant dwarfism, both of which were dependent on ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), N requirement gene 1 (NRG1) and SENESCENCE‐ASSOCIATED GENE 101 (SAG101), indicating the activation of effector‐triggered immunity (ETI) in N. benthamiana. Overexpression of NlCSP11 led to stronger systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 lacking effector HopQ1‐1 and tobacco mosaic virus, and induced higher accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) in uninfiltrated leaves compared to another effector XopQ that is recognized by a Toll‐interleukin‐1 receptor (TIR) domain nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat receptor (TNL) called ROQ1 in N. benthamiana. Consistently, NlCSP11‐induced dwarfism and systemic resistance, but not cell death, were abolished in N. benthamiana transgenic line expressing the SA‐degrading enzyme NahG. Through large‐scale virus‐induced gene silencing screening, we identified a TNL protein that mediates the recognition of CSPs (RCSP), including aphid effector MP10 that triggers resistance against aphids in N. benthamiana. Co‐immunoprecipitation, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and AlphaFold2 prediction unveiled an interaction between NlCSP11 and RCSP. Interestingly, RCSP does not contain the conserved catalytic glutamic acid in the TIR domain, which is required for TNL function. Our findings point to enhanced ETI and systemic resistance by a TNL protein via hyperactivation of the SA pathway. Moreover, RCSP is the first TNL identified to recognize an insect effector.
Latest findings in chemotherapy
Authors: Morisada Tohru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRadiotherapy and surgery are the two pivotal curative treatments for cervical cancer. Although cervical cancer is relatively sensitive to chemotherapy, chemotherapy is not included in the curative treatment of cervical cancer and has a role in limited medical conditions. Chemotherapy used to treat cervical cancer can be divided into four categories: (1) preceding chemotherapy (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) to augment the effects of radical therapy (surgery or radiation therapy), (2) chemotherapy administered concurrently with radiation therapy, and (3) adjuvant chemotherapy administered after radical therapy. In addition, (4) chemotherapy is used to prolong survival and alleviate symptoms in patients who cannot be radically cured. Recently, molecular targeted agents, angiogenesis inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been incorporated into existing chemotherapy regimens. This review summarizes these trends along with the history of chemotherapy for cervical cancer.
Asia Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AOFOG)'s efforts in the cervical cancer elimination program in the Asia‐Pacific
Authors: Padolina Christia S. , Toral Jean Anne B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCervical cancer poses a significant health burden, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries, where access to screening and treatment remains limited. Asia Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AOFOG)'s response, guided by the World Health Organization's global strategy, emphasizes three key targets: achieving high HPV vaccination coverage among girls, ensuring widespread screening with high‐performance tests, and guaranteeing timely treatment for precancerous and cancerous lesions. AOFOG supports member countries through initiatives such as educational campaigns, guidelines development, and collaboration with local and international partners. Variations in screening methods across AOFOG member countries reflect diverse socioeconomic contexts and healthcare infrastructures, ranging from HPV testing in countries like Australia and Malaysia to cytology and visual inspection methods in others. Innovations such as HPV self‐testing and AI‐enhanced screening are emerging to improve accessibility and accuracy, addressing barriers like stigma and resource scarcity. Despite challenges, AOFOG remains committed to reducing cervical cancer incidence and mortality through coordinated regional efforts, aiming for equitable access to preventive measures and treatment across the diverse landscape of the Asia‐Pacific region.
A case of ovarian carcinosarcoma with germline BRCA2 pathogenic variant
Authors: Yoriki Kaori , Izumi Yuko , Tarumi Yosuke , Okimura Hiroyuki , Maeda Eiko , Mori Taisuke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOvarian carcinosarcoma in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome is rare. A 43‐year‐old woman with a family history of prostate and uterine or ovarian cancer had an 8‐cm mass in the right ovary. Although computed tomography suggested peritoneal dissemination to the Douglas pouch, she wanted to preserve her fertility; therefore, she underwent a right salpingo‐oophorectomy. Histopathological diagnosis was carcinosarcoma consisting of high‐grade serous carcinoma and sarcomatous components, including cartilage. Three weeks later, she underwent radical surgery. The disease was classified as advanced stage IIIB (FIGO 2014). A germline BRCA2 pathogenic variant was identified. After postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, maintenance therapy with a poly(adenosine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor was continued for 25 months without recurrence. A detailed examination of a mass in her left breast at her first visit revealed a ductal carcinoma in situ. PARP inhibitors may be effective as maintenance therapy for advanced ovarian carcinosarcoma with germline BRCA mutations.
When less is less: the complexities of growth and the degrowth company
Authors: TALBOT LORRAINE 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, I take issue with settled claims that the organizational features of the corporation make it the most effective enabler of growth under capitalism – an assumption that has focused various growth‐critical narratives on mechanisms to regulate corporate growth. I argue that such narratives are flawed because, far from always blindly amplifying growth, the corporate form often operationalizes degrowth to protect capital. This argument is theoretically grounded in Marx's analysis of the particularities of growth under capitalism, and a law‐in‐context analysis of how companies operationalize degrowth to protect capital/shareholder interests, utilizing the examples of takeovers and share repurchases. The article shows that narratives seeking to both protect the environment and deliver human flourishing need to be contextualized within an understanding of the specifics of growth under capitalism and the function of corporate law architecture.
The impact of abutment type on abutment screw removal torque value after experimental aging
Authors: Ilić Gavrilo , Vulović Stefan , Bukorović Jovan , Dragović Miroslav , Marković Aleksa , Todorović Aleksandar , Milić Lemić Aleksandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the changes in abutment screw removal torque value (RTV) of anatomic, original hybrid, and non‐original hybrid abutments after simulated clinical use.Materials and MethodsNinety‐three implant‐abutment‐crown specimens were divided into groups according to abutment types (n = 31): anatomic (stock) (A), original hybrid (OH), and non‐original hybrid (NOH). After the initial abutment screw tightening, the specimens were subjected to five screw tightening (insertion/removal) cycles, or to 5000 thermal cycles with 500,000 chewing cycles combined with one or five screw tightening cycles. RTV measurements and surface analysis using scanning electron microscope were performed before and after aging. The impact of abutment types and aging treatments on RTV was determined using two‐way repeated measures ANOVA, data were described with mean ± SD and range, whereas the differences were significant at p < 0.05.ResultsA significant interaction was found between abutment types and screw tightening cycles only (p = 0.036) or combined with thermomechanical aging (p < 0.001) on RTV. RTV was lower in NOH than in A and OH groups after screw tightening and thermomechanical aging (p < 0.05). Before aging, the NOH abutment screw was slightly more damaged than OH and A abutment screws. After aging, screw damage was more pronounced on the surfaces of hybrid abutments, and more evident in the NOH group.ConclusionsThe abutment screw RTV of anatomic, original hybrid, and non‐original hybrid abutments become significantly lower after abutments undergo screw tightening and/or thermomechanical aging cycles, with higher RTV loss in hybrid abutments, especially non‐original ones.
Leibniz on Per Se Possibility
Authors: Fatollahi Alireza 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis essay critically examines a widely held assumption in interpreting Leibniz's modal metaphysics: that whatever is necessarily actual is necessary. I argue that Leibniz rejected this axiom for principled reasons having to do with his views on the grounding of metaphysical modalities in divine power and intellect (but not divine will). I also argue that if we read him in light of this rejection, his per se possibility theory becomes (contrary to its reception in the literature) quite successful in addressing the problem of necessitarianism.
Dermoid Cysts of the Auricle: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Reese Alyssa , Miller Victoria , Kenny Alaina , Smith Hannah , Neimanis Sara , Morrison Clinton 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesDermoid cysts are congenital anomalies that contain ectodermal elements such as teeth, bone, and nerves. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in the characteristics of dermoid cysts of the auricle and the demographics of the patient population they affect.MethodsA PubMed and EMBASE search for English‐language publications that included cases of dermoid cyst(s) of the auricle from database inception to October 2022 was performed.ResultsA total of 38 cases of dermoid cysts of the auricle were identified from 20 publications. The age, sex, and Fitzpatrick skin type of the patients, locations of the dermoid cysts, associated anomalies, treatment methods, and postoperative outcomes were examined. Patients' ages ranged from 0 to 63 years, with 27.6% (8/29) in the 0–17 age range. 56.8% (21/37) were reported as male. Dermoid cysts were frequently present on the postauricular surface (18/24, 75.0%) and on light skin (Fitzpatrick types I–III; 18/22, 81.8%). Unilateral dermoid cysts were more commonly reported on the right ear (17/22, 77.3%); only one patient had bilateral cysts. Associated anomalies included microtia, prominent ears, foot polysyndactyly, hemifacial microsomia, and cryptotia. All auricular dermoid cysts were managed with complete surgical excision, and no postoperative complications or recurrences were reported.ConclusionsDermoid cysts of the auricle are reported more frequently in individuals with lighter skin; however, this is likely due to reporting bias. Complete surgical excision can be used to treat patients successfully, with a very low risk of complications and no need for preoperative imaging.