bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nivolumab in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Results of Polish multicenter observational study
Authors: Rutkowski Tomasz Wojciech , Kurczyk Agata , Drosik‐Rutowicz Katarzyna , Kiprian Dorota , Dębicka Izabella , Sierko Ewa , Konopka‐Filippow Monika , Kaźmierska Joanna , Łukasiewicz‐Grella Monika , Cząstkiewicz‐Trawińska Diana , Mrochem‐Domin Izolda , Ryniewicz‐Zander Iwona , Borysiewicz Zuzanna , Chmielowska Ewa , Jasiówka Marek , Źrebiec‐Figura Monika , Karpińska Agnieszka , Pacholczak‐Madej Renata , Leś Dominika , Pietruszka Agnieszka , Łasinska Izabela , Składowski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPatients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who have progressed following primary treatment (PT) have a poor prognosis. In this group, nivolumab has been demonstrated to significantly improve outcomes. This study presents the efficacy of nivolumab in Polish patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) HNSCC using real‐world data. The analyzed group consisted of 324 adult patients with R/M HNSCC following platinum‐based therapy. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the time from completion of PT to nivolumab initiation (tPT‐N): within 6 months (refractory), between 6 and 24 months (sensitive, tPT‐N ≤24), and beyond 24 months (sensitive, tPT‐N >24). Survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model were performed to evaluate how various risk factors affect patient outcomes. The 1‐year and 2‐year overall survival (OS) was 19.1%, 6.1%, 30.7%, 9.4%, and 45.7%, 29.1% in refractory, sensitive tPT‐N ≤24, sensitive tPT‐N >24 patients, respectively and was higher for both sensitivity groups vs. refractory (p = .004) and for sensitive tPT‐N >24 versus refractory and sensitive tPT‐N ≤24 (p <.001). Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer had OS significantly higher than patients with other primary tumor localization. The multivariate Cox analysis showed a significant favorable effect of tPT‐N >24 (HR = 0.53, p = .001) and nasopharyngeal cancer on OS (HR = 0.20, p = .008). Conversely, female sex was identified as an unfavorable factor for OS (HR = 1.48, p = .020). In our study, we established that the benefit of nivolumab increases with the increasing tPT‐N. The probability of death is significantly lower in male patients and patients with nasopharyngeal cancer regardless of tPT‐N.
Psychrobacter sanguinis infection in a pediatric patient with craniopharyngioma identified in a blood culture by 16S rRNA sequencing
Authors: Liu Jia , Cao Xueping , Yang Xiaoli , Song Lijie , Duan Feifei , Zhang Wei , Wang Yufei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPsychrobacter species are gram‐negative bacteria in the Moraxellaceae family. These bacteria are considered rare opportunistic human pathogens, and the infection sites include blood, cerebral spinal fluid, wounds, urine, the ears, and the eyes. Few cases of human infection by these species have been described previously. We report a case of a 10‐year‐old boy with postneurosurgical bacteremia due to Psychrobacter sanguinis infection. This infection was difficult to identify using routine biochemical phenotypical tests. Sequencing of 16S rRNA was performed to identify this pathogen. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics. In conclusion, P. sanguinis infections are rare but should be considered when cultures remain negative for common pathogens.
Fueling the future of clean energy with self‐supported layered double hydroxides‐based electrocatalysts: A step toward sustainability
Authors: Wong Man‐Kei , Loh Jian Yiing , Yap Feng Ming , Ong Wee‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmid the ongoing transition toward renewable fuels, the self‐supported layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are envisioned as propitious electrocatalysts for reinvigorating the electrocatalysis realm, thereby facilitating environmental remediation and bolstering sustainable global energy security. Exploiting appealing attributes such as unique lamellar structure, abundant active sites, tunable intercalation spacing and compositional flexibility, LDHs boast remarkable activity, selectivity and stability across diverse energy‐related applications. By virtue of addressing the technological and time prominence of excavating their renaissance, this review first encompasses the facile state‐of‐the‐art synthetic approaches alongside intriguing modification strategies, toward deciphering the authentic structure–performance correlations for advancing more robust and precise catalyst design. Aside from this, heterostructure engineering employing diversified ranges of coupling materials is highlighted, to construct ground‐breaking binder‐free LDHs‐based heterostructures endowing with unprecedented activity and stability. Subsequently, the milestone gained from experimental research and theoretical modeling of this frontier in multifarious electrocatalytic applications, including HER, OER, UOR, AOR, seawater splitting and other fundamental conversion reactions is rigorously unveiled. As a final note, a brief conclusion is presented with an outline of future prospects. Essentially, this review aspires to offer enlightenment and incite wise inspiration for the future evolution of innovative and resilient next‐generation catalysts.image
NK Cell‐Based Cancer Immunotherapies: Current Progress, Challenges and Emerging Opportunities
Authors: Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Uthirapathy Subasini , Kumar Abhinav , Oghenemaro Enwa Felix , R. Roopashree , Lal Madan , Arora Isha , Chauhan Ashish Singh , Saud Mahmood Jumaa , Hulail Hanen Mahmod 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNatural killer (NK) cells are vital innate immune cells that play a crucial role in cancer therapy. They are targeted by therapies designed to modulate, retain, and enhance their antitumor function in vivo. In addition to whole‐cell therapy, NK cell‐derived exosomes (NDEs) offer high immune safety and are easily subject to chemical, biological, and immunological modifications. This makes them suitable for use in combination with various current cancer therapies to enhance efficacy, treatment outcomes, and reduce side effects in vivo. This review aims to outline summarizes the antitumor potential of NK cells, as well as the current challenges and opportunities in NK cell‐based immunotherapies such as allogeneic and autologous NK cell transplantation, CAR NK cell therapy, and the use of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies. The review also explores the dual regulatory effects of tumor exosomes on NK cells, and highlights the potential of NDEs, either alone or in combination with other antitumor therapies, to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and expedite the therapeutic effects of cancer immunotherapy in future clinical research.
Anti‐Proliferation Effect of Nodosin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Via The ERCC6L/PI3K/AKT/Axis
Authors: Wang Qingling , Gong Qingquan , Zhang Chun , Lin Jianyuan , Xiao Dexian , Li Dianlian , Lin Feng , Guo Dengfang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNodosin, a prominent diterpenoid derived from Rabdosia serra [Maxim] Hara extracts, exhibits notable antitumor activity in various cancers. However, its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying molecular mechanism remain inadequately understood, which is important for its clinical prescription. This study aims to reveal the mechanism through which nodosin exerts its effects, thereby providing further insights for its application. Nodosin was prepared in concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 2.0 μM. The effect of nodosin on the viability of SNU378 and HCCLM3 cells was evaluated using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. Furthermore, the regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling was assessed by Western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that nodosin significantly suppressed the viability of SNU378 and HCCLM3 cells, yielding IC50 values of 0.890 and 0.766 μM, respectively. Notably, ERCC6L was downregulated in cells treated with nodosin. Overexpressing ERCC6L was found to reverse the proliferation inhibition and the apoptosis enhancement by nodosin in HCC cells. Additionally, ERCC6L was observed to mitigate the inhibitory effects of nodosin on PI3K/AKT signaling in both SNU378 and HCCLM3 cells. Conversely, the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling could counteract the effect of ERCC6L. Thus, the anti‐proliferation effects of nodosin on HCC cells are mediated by the ERCC6L/PI3K/AKT axis.
Copper in Human Health and Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Binesh Ambika , Venkatachalam Kaliyamurthi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis comprehensive review discusses the crucial role of copper in human health and disease as an essential trace mineral. It emphasizes the significance of copper while addressing potential risks from imbalances in copper levels, be it excessive or inadequate. The review outlines various challenges in copper research, including toxicity concerns, data limitations, metabolic complexities, genetic influences, nutrient interactions, and resource constraints. Despite these challenges, the review identifies specific research areas needing exploration, such as copper homeostasis regulation, transport mechanisms, gut microbiome interactions, immune function, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular health, cancer, fertility, and reproductive health. The purpose of this review is to explore the important role of copper in human health and disease, which highlights the delicate balance required to avoid deficiency or toxicity. For the researchers and scientists, it provides the gaps in the research, so it aims to provide insights that could advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies across various medical disciplines.
Impostor phenomenon and counselor development: The critical role of self‐compassion
Authors: Clarke Brian J. , Hartley Michael T. , Button Carly 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelf‐compassion is an important protective factor for managing and regulating complex emotions. This article reports on a study exploring the mediating effect of self‐compassion on the relationship between impostor phenomenon (IP) and counseling self‐efficacy (CSE) among 281 counselors‐in‐training (CITs). The most striking finding is that 65.1% of the counseling students reported frequent‐to‐intense IP. Furthermore, higher IP correlated with higher mental distress and lower CSE. Consistent with social learning theory, self‐compassion and the ability to self‐regulate physiological and affective states fully mediated the negative effect of IP on CSE, accounting for 60.9% of the variance. Implications address the alarming prevalence and severity of IP among CITs and the powerful role that self‐compassion may play in the professional development of CITs.
GABA in early brain development: A dual role review
Authors: Ji Xiaoyu , Liu Shuzhen , Li Shiyong , Li Xing , Luo Ailin , Zhang Xue , Zhao Yilin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive review examines the multifaceted roles of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in early brain development. GABA, traditionally recognized for its inhibitory functions in the mature brain, also exhibits excitatory effects during early neural development. This article explores the mechanisms behind GABA's dual roles, detailing its impact on the properties of the immature brain, the mechanisms of GABA‐mediated excitation, the role of GABA‐mediated presynaptic inhibition, the trophic actions of GABA during early development, GABA regulation of neurite growth and GABA‐mediated cell differentiation in the immature brain. Emphasizing recent research findings, the review highlights the significance of GABAergic signalling in shaping the developing brain and its potential implications for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders.
The Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network: Cross‐site transdisciplinary science to support a sustainable and resilient agriculture
Authors: Tsegaye Teferi , Eve Marlen , Hapeman Cathleen J. , Kleinman Peter J. A. , Baffaut Claire , Browning Dawn M. , Coffin Alisa W. , Spiegal Sheri A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network is a collaborative initiative funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, aimed at advancing sustainable, resilient agriculture through coordinated research conducted on croplands, grazing lands, and integrated crop/livestock systems. Here we provide an overview of the LTAR network, highlighting its vision, mission, initiatives, recent network activities, and future directions. Network‐level research is critical for developing contextually relevant solutions to the challenges faced by agricultural producers. Long‐term data collection, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of scientific knowledge are needed to enhance agricultural productivity and its resiliency, environmental quality, profitability, and social well‐being into the future.
Torque Teno Virus Control by the Classical Pathway of Complement Activation—A Retrospective Analysis From a First‐in‐Human Trial Utilizing Sutimlimab
Authors: Kapps Sebastian , Mühlbacher Jakob , Kulifaj Dorian , Courjal Sophie , Eskandary Farsad , Schiemann Martin , Jilma Bernd , Böhmig Georg A. , Bond Gregor , Wahrmann Markus 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTorque Teno virus (TTV) load is linked with the functionality of its host's immune system and has been proposed as a potential monitoring tool for immune‐modulating therapy. However, the immunological mechanisms of TTV control are incompletely understood. To assess the effect of the classical complement pathway on TTV, 64 healthy volunteers and 10 kidney transplant recipients treated with the anti‐C1s antibody sutimlimab were analyzed for serum TTV copy numbers (c/mL) by qPCR. Overall, a correlation was observed between the decrease in complement activity caused by sutimlimab and the TTV load increase (ρ = −0.367, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated a trend toward TTV load increase in healthy volunteers following the highest sutimlimab dose compared to baseline (100 mg/kg body weight; median 3.5 log10 c/mL, interquartile range [IQR] 2.8–4.4 vs. 2.9 log10 c/mL, 0.8–3.5; p = 0.063). Administering multiple lower doses (30 mg/kg) also showed a trend toward TTV load increase in healthy volunteers (1.8 log10 c/mL, 0–2.3 vs. 1.9, 1.3–2.8; p = 0.054) and a significant increase in transplant recipients (3.5 log10 c/mL, 3.0–6.1 vs. 4.1, 3.5–6.4; p = 0.004). This report suggests a role for the classical complement pathway in controlling TTV load.
Factors related to the choice of warfarin for treating newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation are associated with safety outcomes during anticoagulation: A new‐user, active‐comparator, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Takagi Yoshiko , Ueda Shinichiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are preferred for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF); however, warfarin is still used. This study examined why physicians may choose warfarin over DOACs and the associated safety outcomes in patients with NVAF.MethodsWe conducted a new‐user, active‐comparator cohort study in newly diagnosed patients with NVAF to assess safety outcomes after the introduction of DOACs in Japan.ResultsThe median observation period was 1120 days; 1428 patients started anticoagulation therapy with warfarin and 1551 with DOACs. Warfarin was chosen for patients with lower creatinine clearance and left ventricular ejection fractions and those using aspirin and verapamil. The unadjusted risk of major bleeding was considerably higher in the warfarin group but was nonsignificant after adjusting for variables associated with the choice of warfarin, in addition to age and sex. The risk of death was higher in the warfarin group, even after adjustments for relevant variables. However, high‐risk subgroups, including those with older ages and multiple comorbidities, such as renal impairment, for whom warfarin was more likely to be selected, had severely compromised prognoses with either anticoagulant. The risk of stroke/systemic embolism was not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsWarfarin is often chosen for older patients with multiple comorbidities characterized by reduced renal function, which is associated with a higher risk of major bleeding and mortality. These high‐risk patients seem to have a poor prognosis regardless of the type of anticoagulant used. Thus, safe anticoagulant therapy remains a challenge for such patients.
Long‐Term Foehn Reconstruction Combining Unsupervised and Supervised Learning
Authors: Stauffer Reto , Zeileis Achim , Mayr Georg J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFoehn winds, characterised by abrupt temperature increases and wind speed changes, significantly impact regions on the leeward side of mountain ranges, e.g., by spreading wildfires. Understanding how foehn occurrences change under climate change is crucial. As foehn is a meteorological phenomenon, its prevalence has to be inferred from meteorological measurements employing suitable classification schemes. Hence, this approach is typically limited to specific periods for which the necessary data are available. We present a novel approach for reconstructing historical foehn occurrences using a combination of unsupervised and supervised probabilistic statistical learning methods. We utilise in situ measurements (available for recent decades) to train an unsupervised learner (finite mixture model) for automatic foehn classification. These labelled data are then linked to reanalysis data (covering longer periods) using a supervised learner (lasso or boosting). This allows us to reconstruct past foehn probabilities based solely on reanalysis data. Applying this method to ERA5 reanalysis data for six stations across Switzerland and Austria achieves accurate hourly reconstructions of north and south foehn occurrence, respectively, dating back to 1940. This paves the way for investigating how seasonal foehn patterns have evolved over the past 83 years, providing valuable insights into climate change impacts on these critical wind events.
Multivariate Frequency Analysis of Drought Characteristics in Finland Using Vine Copulas
Authors: Mirabbasi Rasoul , Klöve Björn , Torabi Haghighi Ali 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe use a multivariate analysis to study droughts in Finland using the Joint Deficit Index (JDI). Subsequently, the joint probability of occurrence of drought characteristics was analysed using Vine copulas. For this purpose, we used monthly precipitation from 22 meteorological stations across Finland in the period 1980–2021. The JDI time series showed that Finland had a normal wetness condition most of the time during the studied period. Trend analysis of the JDI time series using a modified Mann–Kendall test showed that there was no significant trend in the values of this index during the studied period. The drought characteristics, including severity, duration and inter‐arrival time (IAT), were extracted from the JDI time series for each station. The trend analysis of drought characteristics showed that only the Tohmajärvi Kemie station in eastern Finland had a significant negative trend in drought duration and severity. Furthermore, of the 22 stations studied, only two stations showed a significant increasing trend in the duration and severity of drought at the 10% level. The drought characteristics at the remaining stations showed no significant trend at the 10% level of significance. For stations with non‐stationary drought characteristics, generalised additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) were used for frequency analysis. The correlation between the three characteristics of severity, duration and IAT was investigated using Kendall's Tau statistic. The results showed a high correlation between the two variables duration and severity and a moderate and acceptable correlation between drought severity and IAT as well as the pair of duration and IAT. In the following, copula functions were used to construct a trivariate distribution of the drought characteristics. Among the copulas tested, the R‐vine copula and its independent mode have the best fit for the variables under study and provide a suitable tree sequence. Finally, using the aforementioned copulas and their conditional density, the frequency analysis of the three drought variables was performed. The results of this study were presented in the form of four‐dimensional graphs to estimate the joint probability of occurrence of drought characteristics based on the JDI. These graphs are presented according to the precipitation conditions of each station, and by having a drought characteristic, other characteristics can be estimated with different probabilities. The proposed method is very efficient in analysing the joint frequency of drought characteristics due to the consideration of the effective parameters and the use of conditional density.
Energy and protein nutrition adequacy in general wards among intensive care unit survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rosseel Zenzi , Cortoos Pieter‐Jan , Leemans Lynn , van Zanten Arthur R. H. , Ligneel Claudine , De Waele Elisabeth 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdequate energy and protein provision is mandatory to optimize survival chances in critical illness, prevent loss of muscle mass, and reduce length of stay. Data are available concerning feeding adequacy in intensive care unit (ICU) participants, but little is known about the adequacy in post‐ICU participants. This systematic review aimed to evaluate feeding adequacy in post‐ICU participants and addressed causes of feeding interruption leading to suboptimal adequacy.MethodsFor this systematic review, a bibliographic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled studies, non‐randomized controlled studies, and observational studies conducted between January 1990 and November 2023 fulfilling the inclusion criteria were withheld.ResultsEight studies were included. Outcomes reported were energy and protein adequacy, barriers, and feeding routes. Energy and protein requirements were determined in various ways, including indirect calorimetry and standardized and weight‐based formulas. Energy adequacy ranged from 52% to 102% and protein adequacy between 63% and 86%. Participants were mainly fed with enteral nutrition (EN) or a combination of oral nutrition and EN. The main barrier reported for inadequate nutrition intake was feeding tube removal.ConclusionNext to different ways in calculating targets and reporting results, a wide range in energy and protein adequacy was observed, but with constant protein underfeeding. Participants fed with EN or a combination of EN and oral nutrition had the best adequacy; inappropriate tube removal is a common barrier leading to inadequate therapy. Standardized reporting and larger studies are needed to guide nutrition care for post‐ICU participants.