bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high-performance capacitorless 1T-DRAM based on Z-shaped electron-hole bilayer TFET and SiGe memory window
Authors: Liu Hu , Zhou Xiaoyu , Li Yubin , Li Peifeng , Pan Lei , Wang Pengyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a novel capacitorless dynamic random access memory (Z-EHBTFET 1T-DRAM) is designed based on a Z-shaped electron–hole bilayer tunnel field-effect transistor and a SiGe memory window, and its storage performance is systematically analyzed and studied in detail through numerical simulation. A large number of electrons can be induced in the inverted L-shaped channel of Z-EHBTFET 1T-DRAM using gate 1 to create an electron–hole bilayer together with the source region, which increases the line tunneling electric field and ultimately improves the sensing margin (SM) and read current ratio (I
R1/I
R0). SiGe memory window helps to improve the storage capacity of holes, aiming to improve the retention time (RT) and SM. By optimizing the Ge-composition and width of the SiGe memory window, the thickness of the I-shaped channel, and the gate gap length, the SM of 2.03 μA μm−1, I
R1/I
R0 of 3.58 × 104, and RT of 1.2 s can be obtained for Z-EHBTFET 1T-DRAM. Compared with most reported 1 T1C-DRAMs and traditional 1T-DRAMs, it has better storage performance. Moreover, it can operate at a lower programming voltage while ensuring superior storage performance, making it has great application prospect in the low power consumption field.
Influence of Aharonov–Bohm flux and dual gaps on electron scattering in graphene quantum dots
Authors: Belokda Fatima , Bouhlal Ahmed , Jellal Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We show how the Aharonov–Bohm flux (AB) ϕ

i
and the dual gaps (Δ1, Δ2) can affect the electron scattering in graphene quantum dots (GQDs) of radius r
0 in the presence of an electrostatic potential V. After obtaining the solutions of the energy spectrum, we explicitly determine the radial component of the reflected current

J

r

r

, the square modulus of the scattering coefficients ∣c

m
∣2, and the scattering efficiency Q. Different scattering regimes are identified based on physical parameters such as incident energy E, V, r
0, dual gaps, and ϕ

i
. In particular, we show that lower values of E are associated with larger amplitudes of Q. Furthermore, it is found that Q exhibits a damped oscillatory behavior with increasing the AB flux. In addition, increasing the external gap Δ1 resulted in higher values of Q. By increasing ϕ

i
, we show that the oscillations in ∣c

m
∣2 disappear for larger values of r
0 and are replaced by prominent peaks at certain values of E and angular momentum m. Finally, we show that

J

r

r

displays periodic oscillations of constant amplitude, which are affected by the AB flux.
Study on Real-time Monitoring Method for Dust-scattered Stray Light in the Spectral Imaging CoronaGraph of the Chinese Meridian Project Phase II
Authors: Liu Da-Yang , Yu Xiao-Yu , Zhang Hong-Xin , Huang Zheng-Hua , Xia Li-Dong , Sun Ming-Zhe , Mao Xian-Liang , Sun Bo-Yu , Tang Ning , Fu Hui , Liu Wei-Xin , Zhang Chao , Han Jian-Ping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The dust-scattered stray light in an inner-occulted coronagraph mainly arises from dust particles on the surfaces of the objective lens. Due to the random accumulation of dust on the lens surfaces, it is challenging to monitor this type of stray light and no application can be used for its real-time monitor in the past. In this study, we provide a system and method to overcome this issue, and these have been applied to the Spectral Imaging CoronaGraph (SICG) of the Chinese Meridian Project. The method is based on the relation between the sizes of dust particles and its stray light level at the imaging plane established in the laboratory and the relation between the real size of dust particles and the occupancies on the imaging plane. To monitor the stray light levels accounted for by dusts, one needs only an image of the objective lens that can be provided by the auxiliary imaging system that specially comes with SICG. Our tests show that the errors of the method are less or about 2%, giving a strong confidence in its accuracy. It provides a handy tool to monitor the dust level of the objective lens of SICG and has significantly improved the efficiency of the pipeline of stray light control.
Damage explains function in spiking neural networks representing central pattern generator
Authors: Pryyma Yuriy , Yakovenko Sergiy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Complex biological systems have evolved to control movement dynamics despite noisy and unpredictable inputs and processing delays that necessitate forward predictions. The staple example in vertebrates is the locomotor control emerging from interactions between multiple systems—from passive dynamics of inverted pendulum governing body motion to coupled neural oscillators that integrate predictive forward and sensory feedback signals. These neural dynamic computations are expressed in the rhythmogenic spinal network known as the central pattern generator (CPG). While a system of ordinary differential equations constituting a rate model can accurately reproduce flexor-extensor modulation patterns aligned with experimental data from cats, the equivalent computations performed by thousands of neurons in vertebrates or even in silicon are poorly understood. Approach. We developed a locomotor CPG model expressed as a spiking neural network (SNN) to test how damage affects the distributed computations of a well-defined neural circuit with known dynamics. The SNN-CPG model accurately recreated the input–output relationship of the rate model, describing the modulation of gait phase characteristics. Main Results. The degradation of distributed computation within elements of the SNN-CPG model was further analyzed with progressive simulated lesions. Circuits trained to express flexor or extensor function, with otherwise identical structural organization, were differently affected by lesions mimicking results in experimental observations. The increasing external drive was shown to overcome structural damage and restore function after progressive lesions. Significance. These model results provide theoretical insights into the network dynamics of locomotor control and introduce the concept of degraded computations with applications for restorative technologies.
X-point radiator control and its dynamics in ASDEX Upgrade and JET deuterium–tritium discharges
Authors: Bosman T.O.S.J. , Bernert M. , Ceelen L. , Sieglin B. , Koenders J.T.W. , Ravensbergen T. , Kudlác̈ek O. , Fox P. , Brida D. , Reimerdes H. , Lowry C. , Lennholm M. , Piron L. , Sun H. , Jacquet P. , Kirov K. , Vianello N. , Ashe C. , Parrott A. , Valcarcel D. , van Berkel M. , ASDEX Upgrade Team the , Contributors JET , EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team the 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Control of heat exhaust is essential for the operation of power producing fusion reactors. Here, we present results of heat exhaust feedback control experiments in JET and AUG. In JET, we demonstrate the first X-point radiator (XPR) control in DD and DT discharges using argon seeding. In AUG, we improve the XPR control with nitrogen seeding, resulting in achieving the first detached L-H and H-L transition (in a single discharge). The controllers are designed using a model-based design procedure. The required models are obtained experimentally using perturbative (system identification) experiments. We study the dynamic response of the XPR to various seeding species and varying operating conditions. We find that the sensitivity (relative gain) of the XPR varies as function the height of the radiator inside the confined region but that the relative phase is consistent for all operating points. In AUG, the XPR is also less sensitive to impurity seeding changes for higher heating powers. In JET, we show that the XPR dynamics are the same for DD and DT plasmas. However, we observe that XPR control is only possible with argon and not with neon. The results show that a controller might well be designed in earlier stages of operation of a future device, but remains applicable and can be further tuned for full power operation.
Aerodynamic performance enhancement of a vertical-axis wind turbine by a biomimetic flap
Authors: Ahnn Sangwoo , Kim Hyeongmin , Choi Haecheon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We improve the aerodynamic performance of a simplified vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) using a biomimetic flap, inspired by the movement of secondary feathers of a bird’s wing at landing (Liebe 1979 Aerokurier
12 54). The VAWT considered has three NACA0018 straight blades at the Reynolds number of

80

000

based on the turbine diameter and free-stream velocity. The biomimetic flap is made of a rigid rectangular curved plate, and its streamwise length is 0.2c and axial (spanwise) length is the same as that of blade, where c is the blade chord length. This device is installed on the inner surface of each blade. Its one side is attached near the blade leading edge (pivot point), and the other side automatically rotates around the pivot point (without external power input) in response to the surrounding flow field during blade rotation. The flap increases the time-averaged power coefficient by 88% at the tip-speed ratio of 0.8, when its pivot point is at 0.1c downstream from the blade leading edge. While the torque on the blade itself does not change even in the presence of the flap, the flap itself generates additional torque, thus increasing the overall power coefficient. The phase analysis indicates that the power coefficient of VAWT significantly increases during flap opening to full deployment through the interaction with vortices separated from the blade leading edge. When the pivot point of flap is farther downstream from the leading edge or the flap operates at a high tip-speed ratio, the performance of the flap diminishes due to its weaker interaction with the separating vortices.
Highly birefringent and low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber with stadium-shaped nested structure
Authors: Xiao Yiming , Ren Shuai , Wang Zhipeng , Tang Yi , Cheng Yu , Bao Shengchen , Liu Houquan , Yuan Libo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We propose a stadium-shaped nested anti-resonant hollow-core fiber (SSAF), designed to enable high birefringence and low loss in the near-infrared bands. Numerical investigation and simulation for variations in parameters of stadium-shaped nested structure are conducted, and confinement loss (CL) is reduced by parameters optimization while birefringence of 10−4 is maintained. With optimized SSAF structure, the birefringence and CL are improved to 1.39 × 10−4 and 26.5 dB km−1 at 1.38 µm, 1.28 × 10−4 and 2.64 dB km−1 at 1.55 µm, respectively. Meanwhile, it exhibits favorable single-mode characteristics and achieves a high high-order mode extinction ratio of up to 103, and the superior bending resistance characteristics are validated. Our work offers valuable guidance for designing and optimizing highly birefringent SSAF anti-resonant fiber, and the proposed SSAF has great application potential in polarization-dependent transmission and interferometric fiber gyroscope.
spread.gl: visualizing pathogen dispersal in a high-performance browser application
Authors: Li Yimin , Bollen Nena , Hong Samuel L , Brusselmans Marius , Gambaro Fabiana , Klaps Joon , Suchard Marc A , Rambaut Andrew , Lemey Philippe , Dellicour Simon , Baele Guy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Bayesian phylogeographic analyses are pivotal in reconstructing the spatio-temporal dispersal histories of pathogens. However, interpreting the complex outcomes of phylogeographic reconstructions requires sophisticated visualization tools.

Results
To meet this challenge, we developed spread.gl, an open-source, feature-rich browser application offering a smooth and intuitive visualization tool for both discrete and continuous phylogeographic inferences, including the animation of pathogen geographic dispersal through time. Spread.gl can render and combine the visualization of multiple layers that contain information extracted from the input phylogeny and diverse environmental data layers, enabling researchers to explore which environmental factors may have impacted pathogen dispersal patterns before conducting formal testing. We showcase the visualization features of spread.gl with representative examples, including the smooth animation of a phylogeographic reconstruction based on &gt;17 000 SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences.

Availability and implementation
Source code, installation instructions, example input data, and outputs of spread.gl are accessible at https://github.com/GuyBaele/SpreadGL.
Partition behavior of bovine serum albumin on homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction with triton X-114 solution by complex formation with pyllogarol red-molybdate reagent
Authors: Sasaki Ren , Shoji Keisuke , Uehara Nobuo , Inagawa Arinori 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA) using an aqueous solution of Triton X-114 (TX114). We found that the addition of pyrogallol-red molybdate (PR-Mo) to the solution induced the complete extraction of BSA into the TX114-rich phase, though the BSA and PR-Mo could not be extracted selectively into the TX114 phase. To determine the distribution mechanism, photometric titration and circular dichroic (CD) spectroscopy were performed. BSA formed a complex with PR-Mo at a molar ratio of 1:42 in pure water, which shifted to 1:21 in an aqueous solution of TX114, indicating the formation of a ternary BSA-PR-Mo-TX114 complex. The CD spectra revealed that α-helix BSA is dominant in pure water, whereas β-strand BSA is dominant in the presence of PR-Mo. In summary, the structural change induced in BSA by the formation of a ternary complex is a possible switching mechanism of the partitioning behavior in BSA.
A Review of Aedes aegypti Control in Peru: Approaches and Lessons Learned
Authors: Astete Helvio , Flores-Mendoza Carmen , López-Sifuentes Victor M , Vásquez Gissella M , Morrison Amy C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dengue is the most widespread vector-borne viral infection globally and a serious public health problem. The 2023–2024 dengue outbreak across Latin America has drastically impacted Peru, including previously unaffected areas such as metropolitan Lima and Amazonian rural communities, presumably due to climate change. Research studies conducted in Iquitos, the largest city in the Peruvian Amazon, showed that ultra-low-volume pyrethroid spray applications against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti were effective when adequate coverage and quality control were carried out. Insecticide-treated curtains were not effective at controlling dengue transmission in Iquitos, whereas the use of passive spatial repellent emanators demonstrated 34% protective efficacy against Aedes-borne virus infection. In modeling studies, targeted indoor residual spray strategies showed promising reductions in dengue transmission, which require empirical evaluation. Trials conducted in Iquitos have shown that larval control alone is not sufficient to control Ae. aegypti, urging that government programs must consider integrated vector management.
Clinical and patient-reported outcomes after oncoplastic vs conventional breast-conserving surgery—a longitudinal, multicenter cohort study
Authors: Bargon Claudia A , Mink van der Molen Dieuwke R , Young-Afat Danny A , Batenburg Marilot C T , van Dam Iris E , Baas Inge O , Ernst Miranda F , Maarse Wiesje , Sier Maartje F , Schoenmaeckers Ernst J P , Burgmans Josephina P J , Bijlsma Rhodé M , Siesling Sabine , Rakhorst Hinne A , Mureau Marc A M , van der Leij Femke , Doeksen Annemiek , Verkooijen Helena M ,   UMBRELLA Study Group, Gernaat Sofie , van der Pol Carmen , Evers Danny , Hattink Merle , Henskens Isabelle , Hajibaana Muna , Borger Denise , van der Laan Jacco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OP-BCS) is becoming increasingly popular to avoid mastectomy or optimize cosmetic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Few studies have compared clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of OP-BCS to conventional BCS (C-BCS). This study aims to compare clinical outcomes and short- and long-term PROs after OP-BCS and C-BCS in a large prospective breast cancer cohort.

Methods
Women in the prospective, multicenter UMBRELLA (Utrecht cohort for Multiple BREast cancer intervention studies and Long-term evaLuAtion) breast cancer cohort who underwent OP-BCS or C-BCS were included. Clinical outcomes and PROs (measured by EORTC QLQ-C30/BR23) up to 24 months postoperatively were evaluated. Mixed-model analysis was performed to assess differences in PROs over time between groups.

Results
A total of 1628 (84.9%) patients received C-BCS and 290 (15.1%) received OP-BCS. After C-BCS and OP-BCS, free resection margins were obtained in 84.2% (n = 1370) and 86.2% (n = 250), respectively, reoperation for re-excision of margins within 3 months occurred in 5.3% (n = 86) and 4.8% (n = 14), and the median time interval from surgery until adjuvant systemic therapy was 66 and 63 days, and 36 and 41 days until radiotherapy. Shortly postoperative, OP-BCS was associated with statistically significant lower mean scores for physical functioning (83.6 vs 87.2) and body image (82.8 vs 89.4) and more pain (19.8 vs 26.5) and breast symptoms (22.7 vs 30.3) than C-BCS. Body image scores remained statistically significantly less favorable after OP-BSC than C-BCS up to 24 months postoperatively (87.8 vs 92.2).

Conclusions
Oncoplastic surgery safely enables BCS but may lead to less favorable long-term body image compared to C-BCS. These findings are important for patient education and shared decision-making.
Exploring first and second-order spatio-temporal structures of lightning strike impacts in the French Alps using heavy subsampling
Authors: Blanchet Juliette , Coeurjolly Jean-François , Pellerin Alexis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This applied spatial statistics paper deals with a dataset of cloud-to-ground lightning strike impacts in the French Alps over the period 2011–2021 (approximately 1.4 million of events) modelled by a spatio-temporal point process. We explore first and higher-order structure for this point pattern and address the questions of homogeneity of the intensity function, first-order separability and dependence between events. Due to the nature of the dataset (very inhomogeneous in space and time) and the large amount of data, most of the nonparametric methods and statistical tests we consider lead to numerical problems or exceed clusters timeout. We suggest different subsampling strategies strongly reducing the number of events to overcome these difficulties and show how they can be used to draw conclusions on the initial point pattern.
The role of RNA polymerase II transcript elongation factors in plant stress responses
Authors: Grasser Klaus D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The elongation phase is a dynamic and highly regulated step of the RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription cycle. A variety of transcript elongation factors (TEFs) comprising regulators of RNAPII activity, histone chaperones, and modulators of histone modifications assist transcription through chromatin. Thereby, TEFs substantially contribute to establish gene expression patterns during plant growth and development. Beyond that, recent research indicates that TEFs and RNAPII transcriptional elongation also play a key role in plant responses to environmental cues. Thus, certain TEFs (i.e. PAF1C, FACT, and TFIIS) were found to mediate transcriptional reprogramming by different mechanisms to establish plant tolerance to abiotic conditions such as heat stress and elevated salt concentrations. Hence, TEFs govern RNAPII elongation to generate the transcriptional output adequate for distinct environments. It is to be expected that future research in this developing field will reveal that TEFs are involved in a growing number of plant responses to changing environmental conditions.
Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in placental tissues of maternal and fetal origin in exposed Wistar rats and associations with thyroid hormone levels
Authors: Gaballah Shaza , Hormon Brian , Nelson Genavieve St Armour Mason , Cao Jinyan , Hoffman Kate , Patisaul Heather B , Stapleton Heather M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In utero exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is linked to adverse pregnancy and fetal health outcomes, including altered thyroid hormone (TH) levels. Despite their phase-out, PBDEs are still commonly detected in newborn cord blood. While PBDEs can cross the placenta, few studies have separately assessed PBDEs or THs in the maternal and fetal placental tissues. Additionally, no studies have separately assessed THs in these tissues across mid- and late gestation, during the onset of fetal TH synthesis. To address these gaps, we conducted a study with Wistar rats and examined PBDE accumulation in the maternal and fetal placenta. Pregnant dams were exposed daily to sesame oil vehicle, a low dose, or high dose PBDE mixture. At GD15 and 20, dams were sacrificed and placental tissues were collected. Tissues were analyzed for PBDEs, T3, rT3, and T4 using mass spectrometry. BDE-47, -99, -100, and -209 were frequently detected in both the fetal and maternal placenta. At GD15, higher concentrations of BDE-99, -100, and -209 were measured in the fetal placenta; however, this trend reversed by GD20, with higher maternal placental concentrations. Placental T3 and T4 were significantly impacted by exposure, tissue, and exposure × tissue at GD15, with significant reductions in both THs following low-dose exposure in the maternal placenta. By GD20, maternal placental T3 was only significantly reduced in the high exposure groups and there was no effect on placental T4. Overall, these results highlight the rapid developmental changes that occur throughout gestation between the maternal and fetal placenta, and the differential impacts of gestational PBDE exposure on placental T3 and T4 across mid- and late gestation.
Osteoblast‐derived exosomal miR‐140‐3p targets ACER2 and increases the progression of prostate cancer via the AKT/mTOR pathway‐mediated inhibition of autophagy
Authors: Liu Ying , Chen Shisheng , Guo Kuo , Ma Siyuan , Wang Xi , Liu Qianping , Yan Rongxin , Huang Yuerong , Li Tian , He Shuhua , Hui Jialiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdvanced prostate cancer (aPCa) often results in bone metastases (BM). However, the mechanism underlying its progression and metastasis to bones remains unclear. Therefore, we examined whether exosomal miR‐140‐3p affects prostate cancer (PCa) progression. We obtained from cell lines, clinical data analyses, and animal models consistently provide important evidence. Patients with PCa having BM had higher miR‐140‐3p expression in their serum exosomes than those without BM. Clinical investigations have manifested that the exosomal miR‐140‐3p overexpression connects with serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels and Gleason grade in patients with PCa. Osteoblast‐derived exosomal miR‐140‐3p targeting ACER2 activates the AKT/mTOR pathway in vitro, inhibits autophagy, and promotes PCa cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. miR‐140‐3p significantly increased tumorigenesis and metastasis of LNCaP in vitro. Bone metastatic PCa tissues exhibited elevated levels of miR‐140‐3p, p‐GSK3, p‐mTOR, p62, p‐AKT (S473), and p‐AKT (T308) contrasted with non‐BM tissues. Moreover, their expression was intensified in the metastatic bone tissues. However, ACER2 and LC3 II showed opposite expression patterns. Based on our study outcomes, the evidence suggests that osteoblast‐derived miR‐140‐3p inhibition of autophagy through the AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in PCa progression. Osteoblast‐secreted exosomal miR‐140‐3p activates the AKT/mTOR pathway by targeting ACER2, inhibiting autophagy, and promoting the progression of PCa cells in vitro. Moreover, miR‐140‐3p induces the progression and metastasis of PCa in vivo.