bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PGC1β regulates multiple myeloma tumor growth through LDHA‐mediated glycolytic metabolism
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Li Ling , Chen Qi , Li Min , Feng Jia , Sun Ying , Zhao Rong , Zhu Yin , Lv Yang , Zhu Zhigang , Huang Xiaodong , Xie Weiguo , Xiang Wei , Yao Paul 
Published: July 2018

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy due to inevitable relapse and chemoresistance development. Our preliminary data show that MM cells express high levels of PGC1β and LDHA. In this study, we investigated the mechanism behind PGC1β‐mediated LDHA expression and its contribution to tumorigenesis, to aid in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for MM. Real‐time PCR and western blotting were first used to evaluate gene expression of PGC1β and LDHA in different MM cells, and then, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, LDHA deletion report vectors, and siRNA techniques were used to investigate the mechanism underlying PGC1β‐induced LDHA expression. Furthermore, knockdown cell lines and lines stably overexpressing PGC1β or LDHA lentivirus were established to evaluate in vitro glycolysis metabolism, mitochondrial function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and cell proliferation. In addition, in vivo xenograft tumor development studies were performed to investigate the effect of PGC1β or LDHA expression on tumor growth and mouse survival. We found that PGC1β and LDHA are highly expressed in different MM cells and LDHA is upregulated by PGC1β through the PGC1β/RXRβ axis acting on the LDHA promoter. Overexpression of PGC1β or LDHA significantly potentiated glycolysis metabolism with increased cell proliferation and tumor growth. On the other hand, knockdown of PGC1β or LDHA largely suppressed glycolysis metabolism with increased ROS formation and apoptosis rate, in addition to suppressing tumor growth and enhancing mouse survival. This is the first time the mechanism underlying PGC1β‐mediated LDHA expression in multiple myeloma has been identified. We conclude that PGC1β regulates multiple myeloma tumor growth through LDHA‐mediated glycolytic metabolism. Targeting the PGC1β/LDHA pathway may be a novel therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma treatment.
Self‐recurrent wavelet neural network–based identification and adaptive predictive control of nonlinear dynamical systems
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Srivastava Smriti , Gupta J.R.P , Mohindru Amit 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of simultaneous identification and predictive control of nonlinear dynamical systems using self‐recurrent wavelet neural network (SRWNN) is addressed. The structure of the SRWNN is a modification of the wavelet neural network (WNN). Unlike WNN, the neurons present in the hidden layer of SRWNN contain the weighted self‐feedback loops. Dynamic back‐propagation algorithm is employed to derive the necessary parameter update equations. To further improve the convergence speed of the parameters, a time‐varying (adaptive) learning rate is used. Four simulation examples are considered for testing the effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, some disturbance rejection tests are also performed on the proposed method. The results obtained through the simulation study confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Nanoflake Arrays of Lithiophilic Metal Oxides for the Ultra‐Stable Anodes of Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Yu Baozhi , Tao Tao , Mateti Srikanth , Lu Shengguo , Chen Ying 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA molten lithium infusion strategy has been proposed to prepare stable Li‐metal anodes to overcome the serious issues associated with dendrite formation and infinite volume change during cycling of lithium‐metal batteries. Stable host materials with superior wettability of molten Li are the prerequisite. Here, it is demonstrated that a series of strong oxidizing metal oxides, including MnO2, Co3O4, and SnO2, show superior lithiophilicity due to their high chemical reactivity with Li. Composite lithium‐metal anodes fabricated via melt infusion of lithium into graphene foams decorated by these metal oxide nanoflake arrays successfully control the formation and growth of Li dendrites and alleviate volume change during cycling. A resulting Li‐Mn/graphene composite anode demonstrates a super‐long and stable lifetime for repeated Li plating/stripping of 800 cycles at 1 mA cm−2 without voltage fluctuation, which is eight times longer than the normal lifespan of a bare Li foil under the same conditions. Furthermore, excellent rate capability and cyclability are realized in full‐cell batteries with Li‐Mn/graphene composite anodes and LiCoO2 cathodes. These results show a major advancement in developing a stable Li anode for lithium‐metal batteries.
Fabrication of Bioinspired Hierarchical Functional Structures by Using Honeycomb Films as Templates
Authors: Zhu Cun , Tian Lei , Liao Junlong , Zhang Xin , Gu Zhongze 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA facile approach to the fabrication of bioinspired hierarchical functional structures by using honeycomb films with controllable micropores as templates is described here. Taking advantage of the breath figure method, honeycomb films with manipulable micropores can be conveniently fabricated by modulating the experimental conditions such as duration of the moist gas flow, temperature, and stretching of the film, which further serve as templates to induce the assembly of subsequently introduced silica nanoparticles for the construction of hierarchical functional structures in a controlled fashion. The resultant hierarchical functional structures not only present a viewing angle independent property, but also exhibit improved hydrophobicity and unique wetting behaviors depending on the morphologies of their building units. It is believed that the work will provide plenty of inspiration for the fabrication of novel high‐performance optical devices for display, as well as functionalized surfaces for waterproof and self‐cleaning.
Molecular and Self‐Trapped Excitonic Contributions to the Broadband Luminescence in Diamine‐Based Low‐Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Systems
Authors: Krishnamurthy Shrreya , Naphade Rounak , Mir Wasim J. , Gosavi Suresh , Chakraborty Sudip , Vaidhyanathan Ramanathan , Ogale Satishchandra 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe present solid state lighting (SSL) technology is based on using a combination of phosphors to give the desired white light emitting devices. The property of broadband emission from a single phosphor is not only difficult to achieve but also poses a challenge in device fabrication. Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites especially in low dimensions (2D/1D) are being widely explored for their optoelectronic properties. Few of these materials exhibit broadband emission upon ultraviolet excitation, providing a scope for synthetic engineering in achieving commercially viable single‐phosphor materials. In this work, three interesting diammonium‐based low‐dimensional hybrid perovskites for broadband photoluminescence (PL) are examined. The doubly protonated ethylenediamine‐configured monoclinic (P21/n) 1D ribbon assembly (H3NCH2CH2NH3)8(Pb4Br18) · Br6 (1) and the orthorhombic (Pbcm) 2D‐twisted octahedral (H3NCH2CH2NH3)(Pb2Cl6) (2) show white luminescence, while the doubly protonated piperazine‐configured orthorhombic (Pnnm) 0D dual‐octahedral (C4N2H12)4(Pb2Br11) · (Br)(H2O)4 (3) exhibits bluish‐white luminescence. Based on the PL of the organic diammonium salt, the time‐resolved PL, Raman signatures, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it is shown that the broadband luminescence has dual origin: one around 400 nm from diammonium‐related molecular fluorescence and another around 516 nm from self‐trapped excitons. The structure‐specific relative contributions and interplay between the two define the overall character of the broadband luminescence.
Electroconductive hyaluronic acid/gelatin/poly(ethylene oxide) polymeric film reinforced by reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Kaya Duygu , Alemdar Neslihan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNovel electroconductive polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by encapsulating reduced graphene oxide (RGO) at different concentrations (0–50 vol %) into a hyaluronic acid/gelatin/poly(ethylene oxide) (HyA/Gel/PEO) polymeric structure. The obtained RGO‐reinforced polymeric films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Mechanical performances were measured with a universal mechanical testing machine. The results verified that the RGO reinforcement significantly enhanced the mechanical performances of the films. To determine the biocompatibility of the polymeric films, L929 (murine fibroblast) cell lines were used. The water uptake capacities were measured using swelling tests. A four‐probe method was used to measure conductivity characteristics. The conductivity results indicated that HyA/Gel/PEO film containing 20 vol % RGO has the highest average electrical conductivity (1.832 × 10−6S/cm). All of the results demonstrated that the obtained electroconductive films could be used in biomedical fields in the future, especially in controlled drug release systems and tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 46905.
Evaluating the potential of photo‐identification as a monitoring tool for flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius)
Authors: Benjamins Steven , Dodd Jane , Thorburn James , Milway Victoria A. , Campbell Ronald , Bailey David M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Flapper skates (Dipturus intermedius) were once widespread in European shelf waters but are currently classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to historical overexploitation. Novel monitoring approaches are needed to assess the efficacy of management measures, such as dedicated marine protected areas, for the conservation of relict skate populations.
Flapper skates possess distinctive dorsal spot patterns, which could potentially be used for individual recognition using photo‐identification (photo‐ID) approaches. This study assessed the potential of photo‐ID as a method for individual recognition of a relict population of skates within a dedicated marine protected area in western Scotland (UK), which has long been targeted by directed recreational angling. A collection of 486 photographs of 373 separate skate capture events from 2011 to 2016, taken with standard mobile phones and compact cameras, was studied using visual pairwise comparison methods to determine number of individuals and recapture rates.
Results indicated that adult flapper skates were individually recognizable with a high degree of certainty through comparison of spot patterns, assuming appropriate lighting conditions. A total of 226 individuals were identified, of which 77 (34%) were recaptured at least once. The average recapture interval was 308 days (SE: 29.4 days), with the longest recapture interval to date being 4.4 years. Spot patterns among recaptured tagged or otherwise uniquely identifiable skates were found to remain stable over timescales of months to >1 year.
Results indicate that photo‐ID, based on photographs sourced through citizen science approaches, can provide a low‐cost alternative means of monitoring flapper skate presence and distribution for the purposes of underpinning management decisions.
The importance of nonnative Pacific oyster reefs as supplementary feeding areas for coastal birds on estuary mudflats
Authors: Herbert Roger J.H. , Davies Clare J. , Bowgen Katharine M. , Hatton Josh , Stillman Richard A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA combined empirical and modelling approach was used to investigate the value of a Pacific oyster reef to feeding shorebirds and to observe and predict the impact of reef clearance on bird populations in the Colne Estuary, a protected area in south‐east England. Macro‐invertebrate biomass and numbers of feeding birds were measured on a Pacific oyster reef, an adjacent uncolonized mudflat, and an area of mudflat that had been cleared of oysters 6 months previously. These data were used to parameterize an individual‐based model (MORPH) to predict the impact of clearance of the reef on winter bird survival. Feeding success and intake rates of Eurasian oystercatcher, Eurasian curlew, and Eurasian common redshank were also recorded during the course of a winter.The macro‐invertebrate diversity and biomass within both the oyster reef and the cleared area were significantly greater than the adjacent uncolonized mudflat. The density and biomass of large invertebrate prey in the mudflat were low, yet the Pacific oyster reef had much higher densities and biomass of large prey, especially annelids and shore crabs.The winter assemblage of feeding birds differed significantly between each of the areas. The mean total number of feeding birds was significantly greater on the uncolonized mudflat; however, mean peak counts, feeding success rate and prey intake rate of Eurasian oystercatcher were greater on the reef. Significantly greater intake rates and feeding success rates were also observed on the reef for Eurasian curlew, a species of conservation concern.Field data and model predictions show that Pacific oyster reefs can provide valuable supplementary feeding areas for some shorebirds, yet other species avoided the reef. However, as estuaries vary in available feeding resources, it is important that the value of reefs and their management is determined regionally.
Electrochemical Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria—Recent Strategies, Advances and Challenges
Authors: Kuss Sabine , Amin Hatem M. A. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBacterial infections represent one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, nevertheless the design and development of rapid, cost‐efficient and reliable detection methods for pathogens remains challenging. In recent years, electrochemical sensing methods have gained increasing attention for the detection of pathogenic bacteria, due to their increasingly competitive sensitivity. However, combining sensitivity with cost efficiency, high selectivity and a facile working procedure in a portable device is difficult. The presented review provides a summary of biosensing strategies for bacteria, published since 2015, by covering significant achievements towards custom‐designed portable point‐of‐care devices. Herein, the direct chemical recognition of bacteria via enzyme activity or secretion products, as well as their detection at various electrode surfaces and materials, such as nanomaterials, indium tin oxide or paper‐based immunosensors, is discussed. Furthermore, newly established hyphenated sensing principles, incorporated into lab‐on‐a‐chip and microfluidic devices, are presented and remaining technical challenges and limitations are considered.
Gold(I)‐catalyzed Benzylation of (Hetero)aryl Boronic Acids with (Hetero)benzyl Bromides by the Strategy of a SN2‐type Reaction
Authors: Zang Wenqing , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHerein, the first example of gold‐catalyzed benzylation of (hetero)aryl boronic acids with (hetero)benzyl bromides to give the corresponding cross‐coupling products in moderate to good yields is reported. The reaction proceeds through a possible intermolecular SN2‐type reaction pathway to give a wide variety of di(hetero)arylmethanes as the desired products. An intriguing reaction mechanism has been proposed on the basis of control experiments, 31P‐NMR spectroscopic detection and DFT calculations.
Population-based cohort study of diabetes mellitus and mortality in gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng J , Xie S-H , Santoni G , Lagergren J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Gastric adenocarcinoma is a common cause of cancer death globally. It remains unclear whether coexisting diabetes mellitus influences survival in patients with this tumour. A cohort study was conducted to determine whether coexisting diabetes increases mortality in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods
This nationwide population-based cohort study included all patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma in Sweden between 1990 and 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risks regression were used to assess the influence of coexisting diabetes on disease-specific mortality in gastric adenocarcinoma with adjustment for sex, age, calendar year and co-morbidity (Charlson Co-morbidity Index score excluding diabetes).

Results
Among 23 591 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 2806 (11·9 per cent) had coexisting diabetes. Overall, patients with diabetes had a moderately increased risk of disease-specific mortality after diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with those without diabetes, as shown by both Cox regression (hazard ratio (HR) 1·17, 95 per cent c.i. 1·11 to 1·22) and competing risks regression (sub-HR 1·08, 1·02 to 1·13). The HRs for disease-specific mortality were notably increased in diabetic patients without other co-morbidity (HR 1·23, 1·15 to 1·32) and in diabetic patients who had surgery with curative intent (HR 1·27, 1·16 to 1·38).

Conclusion
These findings indicate a worse prognosis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and coexisting diabetes compared with those without diabetes.
Simultaneous determination of malondialdehyde and 3‐nitrotyrosine in cultured human hepatoma cells by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Vanova Nela , Muckova Lubica , Schmidt Monika , Herman David , Dlabkova Alzbeta , Pejchal Jaroslav , Jun Daniel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) have a fundamental role in physiological processes, enhanced ROS/RNS production induced by exogenous sources, including drugs and other xenobiotics, may result in serious damage to biomolecules. Oxidative/nitrosative stress is being intensively investigated and might be responsible for a variety of health side effects. The present liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method provides reliable and accurate simultaneous measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3‐nitrotyrosine (3‐NT) in cultured human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Sample preparation process involving ultrasonic homogenization, alkaline hydrolysis of protein‐bound MDA and 3‐NT, deproteination, derivatization of MDA by 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine and solid‐phase extraction was optimized, ensuring the isolation and purification of desired analytes. Additionally, nonprotein thiols and nonprotein disulfides were measured using HPLC–UV. The established lower limit of quantification (0.025 nmol/mL for MDA; 0.0125 nmol/mL for 3‐NT) allowed their LC–MS/MS determination in HepG2 cells exposed to model oxidizing agent, tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (t‐BOOH). The results show significant changes in MDA and 3‐NT concentrations and alterations in thiol redox‐state in dependence on the t‐BOOH concentration and duration of its incubation in HepG2 cells. Concurrent evaluation of oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in the in vitro model may significantly facilitate assessment of toxicity of newly developed drugs in preclinical trials and thus improve their safety profile.
Chaos‐based encryption of multimedia data and design of security analysis interface as an educational tool
Authors: Akgul Akif , Kacar Sezgin , Pehlivan Ihsan , Aricioglu Burak 
Published: July 2018

AbstractData encryption has always been a topical subject. There are many encryption methods in the literature. Chaos‐based encryption is considered a different area of study among the encryption practices. In this study, a novel interface was designed for chaos‐based encryption to be used as an educational tool in cryptology. With this interface, the chaos‐based encryption of multimedia data (picture, audio, text) can be done with one, two, or three dimensional discrete‐time chaotic maps. Also, the reliability of every encryption method must be checked via certain security analyses. Thus, five different security analyses (information entropy, correlation, speed effect, differential attack, and histogram analysis), where applicable, were added into the interface to perform security analyses of chaos‐based encrypted data. In this way, the chaotic encryption and security analyses, both of which need high level programming knowledge, have become available in a compact way, for those who are interested in this subject but are not knowledgeable enough about programming, hence the interface can be used as an educational tool in chaos or encryption studies.
Research Progress of Hybrid Distillation/Crystallization Technology
Authors: Li Chunli , Zhou Yiwei , Su Weiyi , Wang Honghai 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe hybrid distillation/crystallization process is successfully applied to separate azeotropes and closely boiling mixtures. This process can not only provide pure products, but also allow for significant energy savings. The research progress and industrial applications of hybrid distillation/crystallization are reviewed. Different sequences of hybrid distillation/crystallization process are presented based on the optimized design. The specific developments of each single unit, namely, distillation and crystallization, in the hybrid process are outlined. Applications of hybrid distillation/crystallization in practical cases are highlighted and analyzed. Finally, the key issues and perspectives for further research of this integrated process are illustrated.
Fabrication of Si Nanoparticles@Conductive Carbon Framework@Polymer Composite as High‐Areal‐Capacity Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ren Wen‐Feng , Li Jun‐Tao , Huang Zhi‐Gen , Deng Li , Zhou Yao , Huang Ling , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLow‐cost and scalable processes to fabricate Si‐based anodes with high areal capacity and excellent cycling performance remain a challenge, thereby limiting their widespread application. Herein, we report Si nanoparticles@conductive carbon framework@polymer (Si@C@P) composite electrodes, in which Si nanoparticles are homogeneously immobilized within a three‐dimensional network of conductive carbon nanofibers bound by a high‐viscosity polymer. When used as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, the obtained Si@C@P composite electrodes deliver an initial coulombic efficiency of 83.5 % and an areal capacity of 2.0 mAh cm−2 (1152 mAh
), with a capacity retention about 0.8 mAh cm−2 (466 mAh
) after 150 discharge–charge cycles at 0.1 C. This work provides a low‐cost route for the large‐scale manufacture of Si‐based anodes with high areal capacity, which may be very significant for the development of lithium‐ion batteries with high energy density.
Redox‐Induced Molecular Metamorphism Promoting a Sol/Gel Phase Transition in a Viologen‐Based Coordination Polymer
Authors: Kahlfuss Christophe , Gibaud Thomas , Denis‐Quanquin Sandrine , Chowdhury Shagor , Royal Guy , Chevallier Floris , Saint‐Aman Eric , Bucher Christophe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have developed a strategy enabling control over the organization of ditopic molecular tectons within a palladium‐based self‐assembled system. The key electron‐responsive sub‐unit is a viologen‐based mechanical hinge that can toggle under electric stimulation between a folded and a stretched position, the driving force of the folding motion being the π‐dimerisation of the electrogenerated viologen cation radicals. The title ditopic tecton features two planar, N2‐type, triazole/pyridine‐based bidentate binding units, providing the tecton with the ability to chelate two palladium ions both in its folded and in its elongated conformations. Association of this ditopic redox‐responsive tecton with palladium to form 1D self‐assembled architectures undergoing large scale reorganizations in solution under electric stimulation, has been established on the ground of spectroscopic, electrochemical, spectro‐electrochemical and rheological data. Our result reveal that addition of metal leads to a significant stabilization of the π‐dimer species in solution and that the redox‐triggered reorganisation of the tectons comes along in suitable conditions with a macroscopic sol/gel‐type phase transition.