bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the fly Malpighian tubule lipidome by imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Ethan , Gamberi Chiara , Chaurand Pierre 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser/desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) is an analytical technique for understanding the spatial distribution of biomolecules across a sample surface. Originally employed for mammalian tissues, this technology has been adapted to study specimens as diverse as microbes and cell cultures, food such as strawberries, and invertebrates including the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. As an ideal model organism, Drosophila has brought greater understanding about conserved biological processes, organism development, and diseased states and even informed management practices of agriculturally and environmentally important species. Drosophila displays anatomically separated renal (Malpighian) tubules that are the physiological equivalent to the vertebrate nephron. Insect Malpighian tubules are also responsible for pesticide detoxification. In this article, we first describe an effective workflow and sample preparation method to study the phospholipid distribution of the Malpighian tubules that initially involves the manual microdissection of the tubules in saline buffer followed by a series of washes to remove excess salt and enhances the phospholipid signals prior to matrix deposition and IMS at 25‐μm spatial resolution. We also established a complementary methodology for lipid IMS analysis of whole‐body fly sections using a dual‐polarity data acquisition approach at the same spatial resolution after matrix deposition by sublimation. Both procedures yield rich signal profiles from the major phospholipid classes. The reproducibility and high‐quality results offered by these methodologies enable cohort studies of Drosophila through MALDI IMS.
Downscaling climate change of mean climatology and extremes of precipitation and temperature: Application to a Mediterranean climate basin
Authors: Zhang Rong , Corte‐Real João , Moreira Madalena , Kilsby Chris , Burton Aidan , Fowler Hayley J. , Blenkinsop Stephen , Birkinshaw Stephen , Forsythe Nathan , Nunes João P. , Sampaio Elsa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDownscaling is usually necessary for robust hydrological impact assessments. This may be undertaken using a wide range of methods, including a combination of dynamical and statistical‐stochastic downscaling. This study uses the Spatial–Temporal Neyman‐Scott Rectangular Pulses model—RainSimV3, the precipitation‐conditioned daily weather generator—ICAAM‐WG, and the change factor approach for downscaling synthetic climate scenarios for robust hydrological impact assessment at middle‐sized basins. The ICAAM‐WG was developed based on the concept of the Climate Research Unit daily weather generator (CRU‐WG), motivated by the need for improved representation of heat waves by downscaling methods given the positive feedback between low soil moisture and high air temperature. We demonstrated the validity of the proposed methodology in the 705‐km2 Mediterranean climate basin in southern Portugal. The results show that, for the control period 1980–2010, both RainSimV3 and ICAAM‐WG reproduced not only the mean climatology, but also extreme wet and low precipitation events, as well as the extremes of temperature and heat waves. We found that downscaling with ICAAM‐WG (SIM6), which uses second‐order autoregressive processes for the simulation of temperature during consecutive dry and wet days, outperformed ICAAM‐WG (SIM4), which used only first‐order autoregressive processes, leading to improved simulation of heat waves. ICAAM‐WG (SIM6) well reproduced observed heatwave extremes with return periods of up to 30 years; however, ICAAM‐WG (SIM4) overestimated these extremes substantially. This indicates the importance of incorporating second‐order autoregressive processes in the simulation of heatwave length. In the context of climate warming, the proposed methodology provides a tool to improve downscaled projections of future extremes with confidence intervals for not only wet events but also dry spells and heat waves.
Safe Supra‐Acetabular Pin Insertion in Relation to Intraosseous Depth
Authors: Morandi Massimo “Max” , Daily Drayton , Kee Clarence , Barton R Shane , Solitro Giovanni F 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn pelvic fractures, dysfunction of the pelvic ring is often stabilized with supra‐acetabular pin insertion. In existing literature, there are heterogeneous indications on proper pins selection and inclinations. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the narrowing of safe pin corridors in the transverse and sagittal planes with increments of intraosseous screw depths. A computer algorithm created cross‐sections over three‐dimensional pelvic reconstructions at sagittal inclinations from 45° cranial to 45° caudal in 5° increments. Templates of screw depths spanning 60–120 mm in 15 mm increments were disposed in the transverse plane from 45° medial to 45° lateral. Each intraosseous screw depth and transverse angle were evaluated for intraosseous containment to evaluate ranges narrowing with increasing screw depths. The 60‐mm depth resulted in the largest sagittal range (60.9° ± 6.9°) and transverse range (27.5° ± 4.1°) at 30° caudal. Increasing depths by 15 mm resulted in ranges being significantly different from one another (p < 0.01). The sagittal plane of 20° cranial had the highest frequency of insertion for all depths, while transverse ranges were narrowed (p < 0.01). Bisecting angles were similar for sagittal planes 20° cranial to 30° caudal with an average of 27.9° ± 1.2° (p ≥ 0.115). In conclusion, while 60 mm depths can be inserted with the highest discretion, 15 mm increments in depth significantly reduce safe ranges. Screws depths above 90 mm have low frequencies of insertion, should be inserted more cranially and must be considered prone to breaching. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1790–1797, 2019
Comparing mapping and direct hyperspectral imaging in stand‐off Raman spectroscopy for remote material identification
Authors: Gasser Christoph , González‐Cabrera María , Ayora‐Cañada María José , Domínguez‐Vidal Ana , Lendl Bernhard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStand‐off Raman spectroscopy offers a highly selective technique to probe unknown substances from a safe distance. Often, it is necessary to scan large areas of interest. This can be done by pointwise imaging (PI), that is, spectra are sequentially acquired from an array of points over the region of interest (point‐by‐point mapping). Alternatively, in this paper a direct hyperspectral Raman imager is presented, where a defocused laser beam illuminates a wide area of the sample and the Raman scattered light is collected from the whole field of view (FOV) at once as a spectral snapshot filtered by a liquid crystal tunable filter to select a specific Raman shift. Both techniques are compared in terms of achievable FOV, spectral resolution, signal‐to‐noise performance, and time consumption during a measurement at stand‐off distance of 15 m. The HSRI showed superior spectral resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio, while more than doubling the FOV of the PI at laser power densities reduced by a factor of 277 at the target. Further, the output hyperspectral image data cube can be processed with state of the art chemometric algorithms like vertex component analysis in order to get a simple deterministic false color image showing the chemical composition of the target. This is shown for an artificial polymer sample, measured at a distance of 15 m.
Selected nutrients and antinutrients in peanut cultivars harvested in Brazil
Authors: Lozano Mariana Gonçalves , de Oliveira Sartori Alan Giovanini , Markowicz Bastos Deborah Helena , Bismara Regitano‐d'Arce Marisa Aparecida 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere are more than 30 peanut cultivars registered in Brazil. However, there are no published data about the content of nutrients and antinutrients even in the most commercially important ones. Therefore, our objective was to characterize commercial peanut cultivars harvested in Brazil by determining proximate and fatty acid composition and content of selected minerals and phytates, saponins and condensed tannins.RESULTSSignificant variations were found among the cultivars for almost all studied nutrients, except Mg. Granoleico and IAC 505 were identified as high oleic. Results were compared with data from the Brazilian Food Composition Table (TACO) and, for this, percentage differences (D%) were calculated. Appreciable D% were found for proteins, lipids, ash, dietary fiber, almost all fatty acids (except 20:0) and almost all studied minerals (except zinc). Moreover, remarkable variations in content of antinutrients were observed. IAC Red Tatu had the highest content of saponins; IAC OL3 and IAC 886 had the highest amounts of phytates; and IAC 886 had the highest amounts of condensed tannins.CONCLUSIONResults confirm the relevance of differentiating cultivars in the market and in national food composition tables and databases. Furthermore, some of these cultivars may be indicated for new use trends. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Early versus standard closure of temporary ileostomy in patients with rectal cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bausys Augustinas , Kuliavas Justas , Dulskas Audrius , Kryzauskas Marius , Pauza Kastytis , Kilius Alfredas , Rudinskaite Giedre , Sangaila Egidijus , Bausys Rimantas , Stratilatovas Eugenijus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA significant proportion of patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery receive a temporary ileostomy because of its benefits in case of anastomotic dehiscence. However, the best timing for closure remains unclear.MethodsEarly closure (EC; 30 days after creation) and standard closure (SC; 90 days after creation) of ileostomy were compared in a single‐center randomized controlled trial conducted at National Cancer Institute (Vilnius, Lithuania). Patients with a temporary ileostomy who underwent rectal cancer surgery and did not have anastomotic leakage or other serious complications were randomized to early or standard ileostomy closure groups. Thirty days postoperative morbidity following ileostomy closure was the primary outcome of the study.ResultsThe trial was prematurely terminated due to the safety reason after 86 patients were randomized to EC (43 patients) and SC (43 patients) groups. The overall 30 days postoperative morbidity rate was dramatically higher in the EC group (27.9% vs 7.9%; P = 0.024). Moreover, severe complications (Clavien‐Dindo ≥3) were present only after EC of ileostomy in five (11.6%) patients.ConculsionEarly closure of ileostomy at 30 days after radical rectal resection is not safe and should not be performed.
Bare polyprolylene hollow fiber as extractive phase for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction to determine estrogens in water samples
Authors: Ji Xiangping , Sun Min , Li Chunying , Han Sen , Wang Xiuqin , Tian Yu , Feng Juanjuan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPolypropylene hollow fibers as the adsorbent were directly filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The surface properties of hollow fibers were characterized by a scanning electron microscope. Combined with high performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube showed good extraction performance for five environmental estrogen hormones. To achieve high analytical sensitivity, four important factors containing sampling volume, sampling rate, content of organic solvent in sample, and desorption time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method was established with wide linear range (0.03–20 µg/L), good correlation coefficients (≥0.9998), low limits of detection (0.01–0.05 µg/L), low limits of quantitation (0.03–0.16 µg/L), and high enrichment factors (1087–2738). Relative standard deviations (n = 3) for intraday (≤3.6%) and interday (≤5.1%) tests proved the stable extraction performance of the material. Durability and chemical stability of the extraction tube were also investigated, relative standard deviations of all analytes were less than 5.8% (n = 3), demonstrating the satisfactory stability. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect estrogens in real samples.
Increasing preoperative apnea severity improves upper airway stimulation response in OSA treatment
Authors: Evans Sean S. , Richman Joshua , Cho Do‐Yeon , Withrow Kirk 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveExamine the patient characteristics of those undergoing upper airway stimulation (UAS) for the treatment of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)‐refractive obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at a tertiary care medical center to determine objective clinical predictors of success.MethodsRetrospective chart review of the first 25 consecutive patients between August 2015 and December 2016 treated with UAS at a tertiary care academic center. Demographic data, medical and sleep history, pre‐ and postoperative polysomnography data, and sleep endoscopy findings were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using two‐sided t test with bivariate and linear regression analysis.ResultsIn our cohort of 25 patients, mean age was 67.5 ± 7.6 years, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.2 ± 3.8 kg/m2 with 42% female. One patient was excluded from analysis for unmasking of complete central apnea with therapy. AHI decreased by a mean of 33.8 events/hour following treatment (95% confidence interval: 25.8 to 41.7, P < 0.001). Preintervention AHI was associated with therapy response, with each point of preintervention AHI leading to an average decrease of 1.03 points (P < 0.001). Eighty‐three percent of patients achieved a treatment AHI < 5, whereas 92% achieved an AHI < 10. Mean device use was 49.5 ± 10.4 hours per week. Ninety‐two percent of patients were discharged the day of surgery. No major adverse events occurred.ConclusionUAS continues to gain popularity for the treatment of CPAP‐refractive OSA; therefore, identification of predictors of success is crucial. Our study, although small, suggests that more severe preintervention AHI does not preclude significant therapy response and may expand the inclusion criteria for UAS, meriting further investigation.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:556–560, 2020
Hydrogel Microchambers Integrated with Organic Electrodes for Efficient Electrical Stimulation of Human iPSC‐Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Yoshida Shotaro , Sumomozawa Kensuke , Nagamine Kuniaki , Nishizawa Matsuhiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA hydrogel‐based microchamber with organic electrodes for efficient electrical stimulations of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) is described. The microchamber is made from molecularly permeable, optically transparent, and electrically conductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel and highly capacitive carbon electrode modified with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Spheroids of hiPSC‐CMs are cultured in microchambers, and electrically stimulated by the electrode for maturation. The large interfacial capacitance of the electrodes enables several days of electrical stimulation without generation of cytotoxic bubbles even when the electrodes are placed near the spheroids. The spheroids can be cultivated in the closed microchambers because of the permeated nutrients through the hydrogel, thus the spheroids are stably addressable and the culture medium around the sealed microchambers can be simply exchanged. Synchronized beating of the spheroids can be optically analyzed in situ, which makes it possible to selectively collect electrically responsive cells for further use. As the hydrogel is electrically conductive, the amount of electrical charge needed for maturing the spheroids can be reduced by configuring electrodes on the top and the bottom of the microchamber. The bioreactor will be useful for efficient production of matured hiPSC‐CMs for regenerative medicine and drug screening.
“It's MY Service, it's MY Music”: The role of psychological ownership in music streaming consumption
Authors: Danckwerts Sebastian , Kenning Peter 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMusic streaming services have become today's most popular way of consuming music. These services give their users access to a comprehensive music library without providing legal ownership of that music. However, recent research suggests that music streaming users still continue to experience feelings of ownership. To advance our understanding, this study investigates the role of psychological ownership in music streaming consumption. In particular, based on the theory of psychological ownership, it is analyzed how service‐ and music‐based psychological ownership emerge. The study further investigates the relationship between these two targets of ownership and whether music‐based psychological ownership is positively related to users' intention to switch from a music streaming service's free version to its paid premium version. Using structural equation modeling, the results indicate that service‐based psychological ownership, stemming from users' investment of self into the service, is positively related to music‐based psychological ownership, which is positively influenced by the sense of control over the music accessed. The results also show that music‐based psychological ownership is strongly related to users' intention to switch from free to premium, which highlights the importance of psychological ownership for providers of music streaming services, particularly those operating a feature‐limited freemium model.
Facile Fabrication of Triphenylamine‐Based Redox‐Active Nanocomposites by a Sol‐Gel Method: Enhanced Electrochromic Response Capability and Stability Performance
Authors: Fan Yang‐Ze , Chen Chia‐Hui , Liou Guey‐Sheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this research, a new design of organic‐inorganic hybrid networks involving covalently bonding, novel, electron‐donating triphenylamine (TPA)‐containing electroactive molecules to inorganic metal oxides is successfully developed by using a facile sol‐gel process. These anodically electrochromic TPA‐containing materials exhibit multicolor electrochromic behaviors at various oxidation states. By introducing zirconium oxide into electrochromic materials, not only can an excellent optical transparency in the visible light region at a neutral state be achieved given the nature of the large energy bandgap, but the electrochromic switching can also be driven by a lower oxidation potential with an enhanced response capability (shorter coloring times and bleaching times). Moreover, the hybrid films show outstanding electrochemical stability and high reversibility under long‐term operations owing to their good adhesion to the electrode. Consequently, the electrochromic devices derived from these novel hybrid electroactive materials reveal a huge potential for electrochromic applications.
Lnc‐GIHCG promotes cell proliferation and migration in gastric cancer through miR‐ 1281 adsorption
Authors: Liu Guozheng , Jiang Zaipeng , Qiao Mingliang , Wang Fengyong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are from the family of noncoding RNAs. Existing studies have shown that lncRNAs are involved in many biological processes and are strongly related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Recent studies have indicated that lncRNA GIHCG participates in the progression of many cancers by adjusting cell proliferation and migration. Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that arises from gastric epithelium. This study mainly explored the influence of GIHCG on GC and its underlying mechanism.MethodsGIHCG expression was detected in GC through quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction while the relationship of GIHCG with miR‐1281 and miR‐1281 with TLE1 was verified using dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The influence of GIHCG, miR‐1281 and TLE1 on cell function was verified using cell counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and Transwell experiment.ResultsIn GC, GIHCG was significantly overexpressed and significantly increased cell proliferation and migration, with the possible mechanism of upregulatingTLE1 expression through adsorption of miR‐1281.ConclusionTaken together, we revealed the role of GIHCG/miR‐1281/TLE1 in GC and provided a new perspective.
Local aromaticity mapping in the vicinity of planar and nonplanar molecules
Authors: Kupka Teobald , Gajda Łukasz , Stobiński Leszek , Kołodziej Łukasz , Mnich Adrianna , Buczek Aneta , Broda Małgorzata A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report on nucleus‐independent magnetic shielding (NICS) scans over the centers of six‐ and five‐membered rings in selected metal phthalocyanines (MPc) and fullerene C60 for more accurate characterization of local aromaticity in these compounds. Detailed tests were conducted on model aromatic molecules including benzene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, and carbazole and subsequently applied to H2Pc, ZnPc, Al(OH)Pc, and CuPc. Similar behavior of three selected magnetic probes, Bq, 3He, and 7Li+, approaching perpendicularly the ring centers, was observed. For better visualization of shielding zone over the centers of aromatic rings, we introduced a simple mathematical procedure: the first and second derivatives of scan curves with respect to magnetic probe position enabled their additional examination. It allowed an easier localization of curve minimum and discrimination between areas in space varying by the magnetic field magnitude and to illustrate local aromaticity of two different kinds of rings in MPc with better resolution. Our results supported earlier reports on very low aromaticity indexes of pyrrole ring incorporated into MPc and significant aromaticity of the central macrocycle. No direct dependence between harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity and NICS was observed. Instead, a correlation between position of scan curve minimum and its magnitude were observed. In addition, the NICS values and 3He chemical shifts in the middle of neutral C60 and C606− anion agreed well with the reported experimental NMR values for He@C60 and He@C606−.