bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O papel do sotaque nas relações intergrupais: apresentação de uma área de pesquisa
Authors: Souza Luana Elayne Cunha , Camino Leoncio , Lima Tiago Jessé Souza , Fontenele Ana Beatriz Gomes 
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: O presente artigo apresenta uma revisão teórica sobre o estudo do sotaque e sua influência nas relações intergrupais dentro da Psicologia Social. Nesse sentido, analisamos a definição de sotaque e sua centralidade já nos primeiros anos de vida, discutimos sobre o mito de uma língua padrão e apresentamos as principais metodologias no estudo do sotaque. Além disso, analisamos o processo de avaliação dos sotaques, evidenciando a importância que eles têm para a identidade social dos indivíduos, para desencadear o processo de categorização social e formação de estereótipos e, consequentemente, na discriminação em diversos contextos sociais contra falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão. Finalmente, analisamos diferentes interpretações acerca da atribuição de valor negativo a falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão e propomos que essa avaliação negativa do sotaque funciona como uma justificação aparentemente neutra utilizada por indivíduos preconceituosos para discriminar falantes de sotaques não padrão, ou seja, os membros de grupos minoritários. Deste modo, defendemos que o estigma do sotaque per se não leva à discriminação, isso só vai ocorrer naqueles indivíduos que já tenham uma representação negativa do grupo alvo.Palavras-chave: sotaque; relações intergrupais; preconceito; discriminação; legitimação.ABSTRACT: This article presents a theoretical review on the study of the accent and its influence on intergroup relations within Social Psychology. In this sense, we analyze the definition of an accent and its centrality already in the first years of life, we discuss about the myth of a standard language and present the main methodologies in the study of the accent. In addition, we analyze the process of assessment of accents, highlighting the importance its have for the social identity of individuals, to trigger the process of social categorization and stereotyping and, consequently, discrimination in various social contexts against speakers of accents considered non-standard. Finally, we analyze different interpretations of negative evaluations of speakers of accents considered non-standard and propose that this negative assessment of accent works as a seemingly neutral justification used by prejudiced individuals to discriminate non-standard accent speakers, that is, the minority groups. In this way, we argue that the accent stigma per se does not lead to discrimination, this will only occur in those individuals who already have a negative representation of the target group.Keywords: accent; intergroup relations; prejudice; discrimination; legitimacy.
Caminhos de uma pesquisa virtual: um estudo de lideranças e ação coletiva no Facebook no debate sobre o direito à cidade
Authors: Cavalcanti Davi Barbosa , Ferreira Demétrius Rodrigues de Freitas 
Published: April 2018

Como internautas são mobilizados por líderes virtuais para reivindicar o direito à cidade e discutir política? Este artigo analisa o caso do grupo Direitos Urbanos (DU), o qual é responsável por discutir e articular várias mobilizações no Recife (Brasil) através do Facebook. A proposta é fazer uma discussão metodológica de aspectos que podem orientar investigações atuais e futuras acerca da mobilização de pessoas através das redes sociais virtuais. Metodologicamente, combinou-se a Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) e a Teoria do Discurso para se compreender o processo de mobilização de pessoas. Foram realizadas entrevistas com líderes virtuais, aplicação de questionários e técnicas de netnografia. Os resultados obtidos indicam a (I) tendência a qual os membros do DU têm de se relacionar com pessoas de círculos sociais parecidos e (II) a identificação das principais ações do DU para mobilizar internautas. A temática é relevante por contemplar desafios contemporâneos de mobilizações recentes, como os Ocupas, Junho de 2013 e os movimentos anti e pró-impeachment de 2015 e 2016 no Brasil.
Responsabilidade do gestor público e a judicialização da saúde no contexto do Estado do Ceará / Responsibility of the public manager and health judicialization in the context of the State of Ceará
Authors: Nepomuceno Nogueira Rômulo Luiz , De Andrade Mariana Dionísio 
Published: April 2018

DOI: 10.12957/rqi.2018.29241 ResumoO presente artigo se propõe a responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: deveria o gestor público responder pessoalmente pela ineficiência na prestação dos serviços públicos de saúde? O artigo possui como objetivo a análise da responsabilidade do gestor público, no âmbito do Estado do Ceará, diante do fenômeno da judicialização da saúde, demonstrando seus impactos na Administração Pública e para o próprio burocrata na gestão da pasta. O estudo possui abordagem qualitativa, porque interpreta a relação de causalidade entre fenômenos jurídicos e sociais, e possui suporte em elementos quantitativos, na medida em que utiliza dados mensuráveis e padrões numéricos para a melhor compreensão do assunto. Conclui-se que a ineficiência do Estado na promoção da saúde não poderia ser resolvida apenas por um administrante, que poderá sofrer sanção judicial por fatos anteriores à sua gestão. Verifica-se, ainda, a relevância do contínuo debate acerca dos meios de resolubilidade da judicialização da saúde, considerando a abrangência e importância essencial desse direito fundamental.Palavras-chave: Judicialização da Saúde; Responsabilidade Pessoal; Gestor Público; Ineficiência do Estado; Resolubilidade da Judicialização.AbstractThe present article proposes to answer the following research problem: should the public manager respond personally for the inefficiency in the provision of public health services? This article aims to analyze the responsibility of the public manager, in the context of the State of Ceará, facing the phenomenon of health judicialization, demonstrating its impact on the Public Administration and on the bureaucrat himself in the management of the agenda. The study has a qualitative approach, because it interprets the causal relationship between legal and social phenomena, and has support in quantitative elements, in that it uses measurable data and numerical standards to the better understanding of the subject. It is concluded that the inefficiency of the State in the promotion of health could not be solved only by an administrator, who could suffer judicial sanction for facts previous to his management. It is also verified the relevance of the continuous debate about the means of resolubility of the health judicialization, considering the comprehensiveness and essential importance of this fundamental right.Keywords: Health Judicialization; Personal Responsibility; Public Manager; Inefficiency of the State; Resilubility of the Judicialization.
CRIMES TRIBUTÁRIOS SOB A ÓTICA DA CRIMINOLOGIA CRÍTICA: Extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento do tributo e a Teoria do Etiquetamento.
Authors: Mansoldo Mary Cristina Neves 
Published: April 2018

O estudo apresentado tem o escopo de analisar os crimes tributários sob a ótica da Criminologia crítica, no que diz respeito à extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento do tributo devido e pela análise do labeling approach ou teoria do etiquetamento, que questiona os mecanismos de seleção criminal do atual sistema punitivo, analisando-se a diferenciação de tratamentos entre os delitos comuns e fiscais. O arcabouço teórico sobre assuntos criminológicos e tributários e a jurisprudência predominante foram relevantes para o desenvolvimento do estudo em seus métodos de pesquisa doutrinária e jurisprudencial. Concluiu-se que a seleção do sistema penal viola as finalidades da Ordem Econômica, dispostas no art. 170 da Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como, os Direitos Fundamentais, individuais e coletivos, consagrados pela Carta Maior em seu art. 5º. Observou-se que para a criação de políticas criminais que atendam as atuais necessidades sociais é fundamental a união da ciência do Direito Penal com a ciência da Criminologia, em uma ótica crítica, para que os objetivos sociais sejam alcançados. Em suma, a pesquisa explorou um tema que merece muita atenção do Estado e da sociedade, ou seja, o processo de criminalização do sistema penal brasileiro.
Experimental Analysis of Condensation Rate in Conductive Cooling Systems for Dairy Cattle
Authors: Perano Kristen Michelle , Shelford Timothy J , Gebremedhin Kifle G 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Conductive cooling for dairy cattle is an emerging technology that holds promise as a way of relieving heat stress. A conductive cooling system using modified Dual Chamber Comfort (DCC) waterbeds from Advanced Comfort Technologies as heat exchangers placed in the stalls of dairy cows was tested. Rate of moisture accumulation in two types of bedding (sand and sawdust) was studied for two levels of relative humidity (RH) of air (~60% and ~75%). Four bedding thicknesses were considered in this study and were 0.5, 2.5, 7.5, and 20 cm. The experiment consisted of the following: (1) two waterbeds cooled by circulating water at 4.5°C, and (2) two more waterbeds (control) where the water in the waterbeds was not cooled. Moisture content of the bedding was measured in duplicate at three locations on the surface of each waterbed for each of 20 treatments (sand and sawdust bedding measured at both ~60% RH and ~75% RH and at five bedding thicknesses/sampling depths). The moisture measurements were conducted before and after 2 h of cooling. In cases where the bedding thickness was 2.5 cm or more, the temperature of the bedding was measured at three points using thermocouples: (1) at the surface of the waterbed, (2) at mid depth, and (3) at 0.5 cm below the bedding surface. Mixed linear models were used to calculate the condensation rates and the equilibrium temperatures. In all treatment combinations, the surface temperature of the cooled waterbeds was at least 7.5°C lower than the dewpoint temperature of the air. For the 0.5-cm thick sawdust, condensation rates, calculated in percent increase in dry basis of moisture content per hour (% d.b. h-1), were 3.5% d.b. h-1 higher for the cooled waterbeds than that for the control waterbeds at the ~75% RH. For 0.5-cm thick sawdust at ~60% RH, the condensation rate for the cooled waterbeds was 3.1% d.b. h-1 higher than that for the control waterbeds. Similarly, the condensation rates for the 0.5-cm thick sand were 2.0% d.b. h-1 higher for the cooled waterbeds than for the control waterbeds at the ~75% RH conditions and 1.3% d.b. h-1 higher at the ~60% RH conditions. The condensation rate for the 2.5-cm thick sand bedding measured at the top surface of the waterbed (the bottom 0.5 cm of the bedding) was statistically significant but negligible (0.1% d.b. h-1). No other treatments yielded any difference in condensation rate between the cooled waterbeds and the control waterbeds. Keywords: Animal housing, Bedding thickness, Condensation rate, Conductive cooling, Dairy cows, Stall bedding.
Supplemental Irrigation for Grain Sorghum Production in the U.S. Eastern Coastal Plain
Authors: Stone Kenneth C , Sigua Gilbert C , Bauer Philip J 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Grain sorghum is one of the top five cereal crops and an important grain crop throughout the world. It is generally considered more drought tolerant compared to other grain crops such as maize. Recently, in the U.S. eastern Coastal Plain region, there was an emphasis on increasing regional grain production in which grain sorghum played an important role. The region’s soils have low water holding capacities that combined with high rainfall variability cause crops frequently to be exposed to water stress. In this research, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield response of two grain sorghum varieties at different supplemental irrigation depths and three nitrogen levels. During our 3-year study, seasonal rainfall was adequate to produce acceptable grain sorghum yields. Seasonal rainfall ranged from 421, 365, and 357 mm in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. These rainfall amounts were greater than the seasonal calculated crop evapotranspiration requirement, but rainfall distribution was not adequate to maintain acceptable soil water potentials throughout the growing season. Supplemental irrigation was 51, 38, and 13 mm in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively, to maintain soil water potential above -30 kPa. These irrigation amounts did not increase grain sorghum yields. No significant differences were found in grain yield between the two sorghum varieties or for increasing nitrogen applications. This lack of response to nitrogen applications may have been related to adequate supplies in the soil from previous crops. Results from this study suggest that there would be little benefit for supplemental irrigation for sorghum production in the U.S. eastern Coastal Plain. Keywords: Keyword. Grain sorghum, Irrigation, Irrigation management.
Treatment of Meat-processing Wastewater with a Full-scale, Low-cost Sand/Gravel Bioreactor System
Authors: Mancl Karen M , Kopp Ryan , Tuovinen Olli H 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. A full-scale sand/gravel bioreactor system was constructed to treat turkey processing wastewater. The system was designed to treat 757,000 L day-1 at a surface application rate of 6 cm day-1. Twelve 25 × 55 m sand bioreactors cover 1.6 ha on the plant property site. Construction cost was $1,426,000 (2011-2012) and operating costs were $57,600 per year. Normalized to volume of wastewater treatment, the estimated (2013) capital and operation cost is $1.03 m-3. The plant began discharging effluent in 2013. Throughout 30 months, the plant has met all effluent requirements for CBOD5, TSS, and fat, oil, and grease (FOG). FOG was always below the detection level of 5 mg L-1 in the treated effluent. Ammonia is removed by the sand/gravel bioreactors through the summer months. During the winter/spring months, supplemental ammonia removal with an ion-exchange system is used to meet effluent standards. The low cost of the sand bioreactor system makes it suitable for small-scale meat processors. Keywords: Ammonia removal, FOG (fat, oil and grease), Sand filtration, Turkey processing, Ion-exchange.
The essay film as address: The epistle as relational act
Authors: Munro Kim 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The epistle has long associations with the essay film not only through the notable filmmakers who have used the form, but also in how it addresses an audience. This tendency reflects the lineage of the development of the Montaignian literary essay from private letter to public audience. In this article I explore the use of the epistolary address, both formally within the text, and as part of the filmmaking process in the construction of a subjectivity that is always relational and contingent. Framed by a number of essayistic works that make use of the epistle – the filmed correspondences of José Luis Guerin, Jonas Mekas, Fernando Eimbcke and So Yong Kim (2009–11), Chantal Akerman’s News from Home (1977) and Ross McElwee’s The Photographic Memory (2012) – this article discusses the process of making my film, Closer Than They Appear (Munro, 2016). I also draw on theories of epistolary transcendence of time and space (Naficy) and collective subjectivity (Braidotti). Through these films I propose the letter film to be a transformative process that shifts the filmmaker’s subjectivity towards a more collective and relational position through the act of address.
Denetime İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Gündüz Yüksel , Elma Cevat , Aslan Hüseyin 
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı,
denetlenenlerin denetime ilişkin tutumlarını ölçen, geçerli ve güvenilir bir
ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Bu araştırmanın evrenini 2016-2017 öğretim yılında
Samsun İli merkez ilçelerinde görev yapan yönetici ve öğretmenler
oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemini ise, bu evrenden random olarak seçilen ve
araştırmaya gönüllü katılmayı kabul eden 554 yönetici ve öğretmen
oluşturmuştur. Ölçeğin, açımlayıcı faktör analizi kullanılarak
29 madde üzerinden yapılan analizden sonra
özdeğeri 1’in üstünde olan üç alt boyuttan oluştuğu anlaşılmıştır. Üç alt
boyutun birlikte açıkladığı toplam varyans yüzdesi ise 65,17 olmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizine göre ise,
bütün maddelerin ilgili faktörler altında anlamlı bir yapı oluşturduğu ve
standart faktör yük değerlerinin .30 ve üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin toplam puanlarının
Cronbach’s Alpha değerleri .95, Guttman değeri .87 ve Spearman Brown değeri .87
olmuştur. Bu değerler, “Denetime İlişkin Tutum
Ölçeği”nin denetlenenlerin denetime
ilişkin tutumlarını ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm yapabileceğinin kanıtı olarak kabul edilebilir.
Wyzwania ewangelizacji w realizacji prorockiego zadania Kościoła podejmowane przez Jana Pawła II w przemówieniach i homiliach wygłoszonych podczas pielgrzymek do Ameryki Łacińskiej
Authors: ŚLUSARCZYK OLGA 
Published: April 2018

Wyzwania ewangelizacji w realizacji prorockiego zadania Kościoła podejmowane przez Jana Pawła II w przemówieniach i homiliach wygłoszonych podczas pielgrzymek do Ameryki Łacińskiej
Nonparametric Interval Estimators for the Coefficient of Variation
Authors: Wang Dongliang , Formica Margaret K. , Liu Song 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The coefficient of variation (CV) is a widely used scaleless measure of variability in many disciplines. However the inference for the CV is limited to parametric methods or standard bootstrap. In this paper we propose two nonparametric methods aiming to construct confidence intervals for the coefficient of variation. The first one is to apply the empirical likelihood after transforming the original data. The second one is a modified jackknife empirical likelihood method. We also propose bootstrap procedures for calibrating the test statistics. Results from our simulation studies suggest that the proposed methods, particularly the empirical likelihood method with bootstrap calibration, are comparable to existing methods for normal data and yield better coverage probabilities for nonnormal data. We illustrate our methods by applying them to two real-life datasets.
SBML Level 3 package: Multistate, Multicomponent and Multicompartment Species, Version 1, Release 1
Authors: Zhang Fengkai , Meier-Schellersheim Martin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRule-based modeling is an approach that permits constructing reaction networks based on the specification of rules for molecular interactions and transformations. These rules can encompass details such as the interacting sub-molecular domains (components) and the states such as phosphorylation and binding status of the involved components. Fine-grained spatial information such as the locations of the molecular components relative to a membrane (e.g. whether a modeled molecular domain is embedded into the inner leaflet of the cellular plasma membrane) can also be provided. Through wildcards representing component states entire families of molecule complexes sharing certain properties can be specified as patterns. This can significantly simplify the definition of models involving species with multiple components, multiple states and multiple compartments. The SBML Level 3 Multi Package (Multistate, Multicomponent and Multicompartment Species Package for SBML Level 3) extends the SBML Level 3 core with the “type” concept in the Species and Compartment classes and therefore reaction rules may contain species that can be patterns and be in multiple locations in reaction rules. Multiple software tools such as Simmune and BioNetGen support the SBML Level 3 Multi package that thus also becomes a medium for exchanging rule-based models.
Addressing Human Rights Concerns in the Extractive Resource Industry in Sub-Saharan Africa using the Lens of Article 46 (C) of the Malabo Protocol
Authors: Abe Oyeniyi , Ordor Ada 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In June 2014, the African Union, Heads of States and Government adopted the Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (known in short as the Malabo Protocol). If ratified, the Protocol would expand the jurisdiction of the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights to adjudicate matters of corporate criminal liability in Africa. This paper analyses the prospects of advancing corporate respect for human rights and access to judicial remedies by victims of corporate human rights abuse through the lens of Article 46 (C) of the Malabo Protocol. The departure point is that the adoption and ratification of the Protocol would be an important step in preventing or stopping human rights violations by corporate actors in Africa’s extractive resource industry. This position is predicated on the inference that the expanded jurisdiction provided by the Malabo Protocol is consistent with the commitment of African countries to implement Pillar II of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (Guiding Principles) on respect for human rights by corporate entities. In addition, the Malabo Protocol’s proposal to adjudicate corporate criminal liability is consistent with Pillar III of the Guiding Principles on the provision of remedies for human rights violations. Creating a regional approach to address corporate criminality is an important African solution to a pressing African problem.
Effectiveness of treatment with endostatin in combination with emcitabine, carboplatin, and gemcitabine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Yu Xun , Zhang Lemeng , Chen Jianhua 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This study investigated the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerance of endostatin combined with gemcitabine and carboplatin for patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
From January 2010 to January 2014, 49 patients with advanced NSCLC were retrospectively evaluated; we defined 2 subgroups: a combination group (chemotherapy + anti-angiogenic therapy) and a chemotherapy group (chemotherapy only). The cases in the chemotherapy group received treatment with gemcitabine and carboplatin only, whereas the cases in the combination group received endostatin in combination with gemcitabine and carboplatin. The patients received 2 cycles of treatment (21 days/cycle). The clinical efficacy and adverse events were observed and compared.
The disease control rate in the combination group was significantly higher compared with the chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). When comparing the cases of squamous carcinoma, the disease control rate in the combination group was significantly higher than the chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the progression free survival in the combination group was higher than that for the chemotherapy group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).
The combination of endostatin with chemotherapeutic agents is improve to the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC favorably; the adverse events of this regimen are well tolerated.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-(3-(5-methyl-1-4-tolyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-(5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C31H26N8O
Authors: Alotaibi Mohammad Hayal , Mohamed Hanan A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , El-Enin Mohammed Abu Bakr Abu , Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Hiti Gamal A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C31H26N8O, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.6046(3) Å, b = 15.1056(8) Å, c = 15.2115(8) Å, α = 61.996(2)°, β = 80.390(3)°, γ = 87.579(2)°, V = 1319.97(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
int = 0.108, wR(F
2) = 0.143, T = 296(2) K.