bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology for Stress Measurement by Transparent Dental Aligners using Strain Gauge
Authors: Juneja Mamta , Jindal Prashant , Bajaj Divya , Madhav Ishan , Tuli Rakesh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
Orthodontic tooth movement is a pressing issue nowadays. An increased esthetic demand during orthodontic treatment has resulted in several alternative treatments. However, the need to avoid conventional fixed orthodontic prosthesis has led to the usage of computer-aided scanning, imaging, and printing technology along with the emergence of transparent dental aligners. The motive of this study is to present methodology of measurement of the stress applied by transparent dental aligners on human teeth using a strain gauge-based measurement device.

Materials and methods
Three dimensional (3D) scanner, 3D printer, thermoforming machine, strain gauge, data acquisition device, 3Shape Ortho Analyzer software were used.

Results
For a full-bridge Wheatstone bridge data acquisition system (DAQ), a standard aligner can strain a constantan-based strain gauge by nearly 2.5 × 10—4. This is based on the strain gauge factor of 2, input voltage 5 V for which a change in voltage of 2.5 mV was detected. Young's modulus for constantan strain gauge is given as 17.5 MPa; hence, this produced a stress of nearly 4.38 × 10—3 MPa.

Conclusion
This article describes an effective and convenient methodology for orthodontic treatment design for patients with crowding problem using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software and, thereafter, printing different stages of maxilla and mandible using fused deposition modeling (FDM) rapid prototyping technique. A transparent aligner is fabricated using thermoforming process, and the applied stresses on manipulated teeth by aligner can be evaluated using a strain gauge-based DAQ.

Clinical significance
This approach is expected to understand the efficacy of the thermoformed aligners for teeth movements by calculating applied forces and stresses.

How to cite this article
Bajaj D, Madhav I, Juneja M, Tuli R, Jindal P. Methodology for Stress Measurement by Transparent Dental Aligners using Strain Gauge. World J Dent 2018;9(1):13-18.
Frontal Sinus as an aid in Gender Identification in Forensic Dentistry: A Retrospective Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Binnal Almas , Jacob Anu S 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of our study was to measure the frontal sinus morphology that could aid us in gender determination and also to assess the difference in measurements between the right and left frontal sinus.

Materials and methods
A retrospective study was done using 100 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images (50 males and 50 females) matched with age and gender with full field of view (FOV). The examinations were carried out using Promax 3DMid (Planmeca Oy., Helsinki, Finland) CBCT unit. The frontal sinus was assessed in coronal, sagittal, and axial planes, and the maximum measurements in each section were recorded. The results to compare the right and left frontal sinus were analyzed using paired t-tests, and independent Student's t-test was used to compare the difference in measurements of frontal sinus between males and females.

Results
We found that the left side of the frontal sinus was bigger than the right side, and while comparing between the genders, it was found that the measurements were greater in males. Statistically significant results were obtained on comparing between the sides and gender.

Conclusion
As mentioned in previous studies, frontal sinus measurements are significantly higher in males compared with females which can, therefore, be used in gender identification in cases of mass disasters.

Clinical significance
Frontal sinus measurements can be used as an adjunct in gender identification in mass disasters and with advances in technology. Cone beam computed tomography, in addition to providing accurate measurements, has overcome all the disadvantages with two-dimensional imaging.

How to cite this article
Denny C, Jacob AS, Ahmed J, Natarajan S, Binnal A, Sujir N. Frontal Sinus as an aid in Gender Identification in Forensic Dentistry: A Retrospective Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. World J Dent 2018;9(1):34-37.
A Systematic Review of the Hemorrhage Risk for Patients on Antithrombotic Medication after Dental Procedures
Authors: Pirlog Cristian D , Pirlog Alina M , Maghiar Teodor 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
Antithrombotic medication represents a challenge for any dental practitioner due to the possible hemorrhage complications that can be associated with an important morbidity/mortality risk. The objective of the present literature review is to establish which dental procedures have a risk to increase the incidence of hemorrhage in patients on antithrombotic therapy.

Materials and methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted using MEDLINE, PubMed, and DiscoverEd databases. The inclusion criteria used were as follows: Current antithrombotic therapy, invasive dental procedures, and postoperative incidence of bleeding follow-up.

Results
A total of 14 clinical studies and 5 literature reviews were selected after the initial screening. The incidence of hemorrhage was assessed for dental implant placements, dental extractions, simple dental procedures, and periodontal treatment.

Conclusion
A well-coagulated patient can safely have invasive dental procedures in a hospital environment or nonhospital setting without having their antithrombotic therapy altered. Local hemostatic measures can offer a proper hemorrhage control.

How to cite this article
Pirlog CD, Pirlog AM, Maghiar T. A Systematic Review of the Hemorrhage Risk for Patients on Antithrombotic Medication after Dental Procedures. World J Dent 2018;9(1):59-67.
Introducing a Method to facilitate making Acrylic Resin Bars for Splinting Multiple Implant Impression Copings
Authors: Ghodsi Safoura , Rasaeipour Sasan , Aghandeh Ramin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
With the growth in implant application and observing complications associated with nonpassively fit prostheses, various techniques have been proposed to enhance the accuracy of transferring implants’ position from the patient mouth to laboratory worktable. The present article introduces an applicable method for the same purpose.

Aim
The present study aims to introduce an easy and applicable method to achieve a precise impression of multiple implants in the logical timeframe with minimal effort.

Technique
Acrylic resin bars were fabricated in different widths and kept to be adapted to the position of implant impression copings for accurate impression.

Conclusion
The explained method could facilitate precise transferring of implants’ position from the mouth to laboratory in a practical and predictable manner.

Clinical significance
Introduction of a method providing an accurate impression of the implants with accessible equipment will significantly improve the treatment quality and prognosis.

How to cite this article
Aghandeh R, Rasaeipour S, Ghodsi S. Introducing a Method to facilitate making Acrylic Resin Bars for Splinting Multiple Implant Impression Copings. World J Dent 2018;9(1):76-78.
An Unusual Presentation of Partial Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzyme Levels, and Low Platelet Levels Syndrome in a Case of in vitro Fertilization-DEM Pregnancy
Authors: Garg Nupur , Govind Revathi , Avula Smitha 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or autoimmune conditions is complicated by complementmediated injury and is associated with increased risk of preeclampsia. Immunological intolerance between the mother and the fetus may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The present case highlights the influence of susceptibility to preeclampsia/hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet levels (HELLP) syndrome due to preexisting autoimmune conditions.In vitrofertilization (IVF)- Donor embryo pregnancy (DEM) pregnancy is one such unique scenario where there exists partial immunological disparity between the native intrauterine environment and the implanted donor embryo that could predispose to autoimmune problems in pregnancy. This case illustrates a similar scenario in which a pregnant woman with IVF-DEM conception and antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive status manifested with a normotensive partial HELLP syndrome which was reiterated by the fact that there was clinical evidence of retroperitoneal hemorrhage intraoperatively during cesarean along with the neonate who was diagnosed to have L-carnitine deficiency, which is unique to fetuses with mothers of HELLP syndrome.How to cite this articleGarg N, Govind R, Avula S, Rao KA. An Unusual Presentation of Partial Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzyme Levels, and Low Platelet Levels Syndrome in a Case ofin vitroFertilization-DEM Pregnancy. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(2):73-75.
Gingival Biotype in the Maxillary Esthetic Zone: A Pilot Study comparing Three Noninvasive Assessment Methods
Authors: Nettemu Sunil K , Nettem Sowmya , Paulose Bryan J , How Vi V , Singh Vijendra P 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This pilot study aims to compare reliability of visual, probe transparency, and soft tissue cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) methods for estimating gingival biotype in maxillary esthetic zone. This study included 10 patients with indications for dental implant therapy in the esthetic zone of maxilla. Visually, the gingival biotype in the maxillary esthetic zone was examined by two examiners. Subsequently, the gingival sulcus was probed and observed for its transparency, and soft tissue thickness was measured using soft tissue CBCT. A 100% correlation was found between probe transparency and visual inspection. When comparing visual inspection and probe transparency to soft tissue CBCT, a statistical discrepancy of 57.1% was found. However, the p-value of 0.125 indicated a nonsignificant difference. As per our knowledge, this is the first study comparing the reliabilities of these three noninvasive biotype assessments.

How to cite this article
Nettemu SK, Nettem S, Paulose BJ, How VV, Singh VP. Gingival Biotype in the Maxillary Esthetic Zone: A Pilot Study comparing Three Noninvasive Assessment Methods. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):85-88.
Localized Laryngeal Amyloidosis
Authors: Baruah Ronica , Kalita Abhijit 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Amyloidosis in head and neck is rare but a benign disease. Among the sites in head and neck, larynx is the most commonly involved. A 40-year-old female had presented with hoarseness of voice and dyspnea with a mass in false vocal cord, which was biopsied and diagnosed as amyloidosis. After excluding systemic diseases, final diagnosis of localized laryngeal amyloidosis was given.

How to cite this article
Baruah R, Khaund G, Kalita A. Localized Laryngeal Amyloidosis. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):32-34.
Single vs Two-session Root Canal Treatment: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: de Castro Rizzi-Maia Claudia , Maia-Filho Etevaldo M , Segato Raquel AB , Paula-Silva Francisco WG , da Silva Pereira Sângela M , da Silva Léa AB 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimsTo compare root canal treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) in a single or two visits, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and methodsTwenty-six pairs of teeth (13 patients) were assigned to two groups: Group single-session (GSS): Instrumentation and root canal filling in the same session; and group two-session (GTS): A calcium hydroxide intracanal medication (Calen®paste) was used for 14 days between two sessions. Cone beam computed tomography scans were obtained before and 12 months after treatment. The pre- and postoperative volume of the AP lesions was measured in mm3. The percentages of volume reduction was compared using Student's t-test and the existence of significant difference between the groups for cases with ≤50% or > 50% lesion volume reduction was assessed by chi-squared test ratio likelihood test (α = 5%).ResultsThe volume reduction was greater in GTS (79.25%) than GSS (68.35%), though without significant difference (p > 0.05). After 12 months, complete repair was not observed in any specimen. Lesion volume reduction > 50% was significantly greater with the use of an intracanal medication (p < 0.05).ConclusionTwelve months posttreatment, CBCT did not show complete repair in any of the teeth, suggesting that this follow-up period is not sufficient for complete lesion regression. In both groups, similar AP lesion volume reduction was observed after 12 months, with a more advanced repair (> 50% volume reduction) in the teeth medicated with calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing.Clinical significanceCalcium hydroxide intracanal dressing provided clinical evidence to indicate its use in teeth with apical periodontitis prior to definitive root canal filling.How to cite this articlede Castro Rizzi-Maia C, Maia-Filho EM, Nelson-Filho P, Segato RAB, de Queiroz AM, Paula-Silva FWG, da Silva Pereira SM, Borges AH, da Silva LAB. Single vs Twosession Root Canal Treatment: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):515-521.
Assessment of Facial Soft Tissue Dimensions in Adult Patients with Different Sagittal Skeletal Classes using Cone beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Hajeer Mohammad Y , Ajaj Mowaffak A , Jazmati Heba M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Few studies utilized cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate soft tissue dimensions in malocclusion patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional (3D) soft tissue relationships of adult patients according to their gender and skeletal sagittal class using CBCT.

Materials and methods
The study sample consisted of 96 CBCT images of patients of both genders; aged 18 to 25 years with a normal vertical skeletal pattern. Patients were segregated into three groups according to their skeletal sagittal class: Class I (2 < ANB < 4), class II (ANB > 4), and class III (ANB < 2). The soft tissue measurements were analyzed in both the sagittal views and frontal volumetric rendered views using 3D-OnDemand software.

Results
In males, the measurements (U1-stom, nasal width, mouth width) were greater in class I than in class II group. Lower lip thickness was greater in class I than in class III group (p < 0.05). In females, both labiomental fold thickness and upper lip height measurements showed greater mean values in class II than in class I group. In contrast, lower lip height was greater in class I than in class III group. Ls-Pr, U1-stom, and face width at Cheilion revealed greater values in class III patients than in class II patients. On the other hand, the lower lip thickness, upper lip height, and lower lip height measurements showed greater values in class II than in class III group (p < 0.05). Soft tissue thicknesses and measurements were greater in males than in females. However, statistically significant differences between the two sexes were not detected for all of the variables measured in each skeletal class.

Conclusion
The current study indicates the presence of differences in soft tissue thicknesses and facial soft tissue dimensions among skeletal classes and between the two sexes.

Clinical significance
Cone beam computed tomography imaging is a very valuable tool to analyze 3D soft tissue characteristics of patients with different skeletal patterns of malocclusion.

How to cite this article
Jazmati HM, Ajaj MA, Hajeer MY. Assessment of Facial Soft Tissue Dimensions in Adult Patients with Different Sagittal Skeletal Classes using Cone beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):542-548.
An in vitro Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Three Endodontic Sealers with Different Composition
Authors: Gupta Iti , Singh Gurpreet , Elshamy Faheim MM , Homeida Husham E , Boreak Nezar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims
The aim of the study was to compare the antimicrobial property of newly introduced EndoSequence BC sealer with commonly used zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealer (Zical) and epoxy resin-based sealer (MM-Seal) against Candida albicans, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Materials and methods
The agar diffusion test was done to measure the antimicrobial activity of sealers. The sealers were put in the 4 mm wells prepared in the inoculated agar plates. The agar plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the zones of inhibition that appeared was measured. Chi-square test was done to evaluate intraobserver bias for all study samples. Intergroup comparison was done for all five parameters using Pearson correlation statistical analysis.

Results
EndoSequence BC sealer showed maximum mean of diameter of zones of inhibition against all the microorganisms but with no statistically significant difference with other sealers. Zical did not show any zone of inhibition against the P. aeruginosa. MM-Seal did not show any inhibitory activity against the P. aeruginosa and C. albicans.

Conclusion
EndoSequence BC sealer showed antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms and proved to be a better choice when compared with other two sealers.

Clinical significance
Antimicrobial properties of endodontic sealers are important to prevent the persistent infection of the complex root canals. EndoSequence BC sealer has been proved to be a better sealer in this aspect.

How to cite this article
Singh G, Elshamy FMM, Homeida HE, Boreak N, Gupta I. An in vitro Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Three Endodontic Sealers with Different Composition. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):553-556.
Effect of Different Obturation Techniques on the Prognosis of Endodontic Therapy: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sachdeva Jyoti , Sarin Anurag , Gupta Ajai , Sachdeva Shobhit 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionSuccess of root canal therapy (RCT) is largely dependent upon the quality of biomechanical preparation and obturation of the pulp canal. Improperly cleaned or shaped root canal, regardless of the type of obturation method and obturating material, cannot lead to the success of endodontic therapy. Hence, we conducted a clinical comparative analysis of two obturating techniques.Materials and methodsA total of 140 patients receiving RCT at the department of Endodontic were included in the present study. The average follow-up time for the patients was 29 months (18–38 months). Patients were grouped into two depending on the type of obturating technique used. Evaluation of the clinical and radiographic follow-up records of the patients was done and analysis was made. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for assessing the level of significance.ResultsThe average age of the patients undergoing obturation with carrier-based obturation (CO) technique and lateral compaction (LC) technique was 43 and 48 years respectively. While comparing failure and success of the teeth at the time of follow-up, nonsignificant results were obtained. Significant difference was seen, while comparing the presence of voids and type of teeth in which endodontic therapy was performed using different obturating techniques.ConclusionEndodontic therapy done with LC obturating technique or with CO technique shows prognostic difference on the outcome or quality of treatment therapy.Clinical significanceQuality of obturation is more important rather than type while performing endodontic therapy for better prognosis.How to cite this articleSarin A, Gupta P, Sachdeva J, Gupta A, Sachdeva S, Nagpal R. Effect of Different Obturation Techniques on the Prognosis of Endodontic Therapy: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):582-586.
Oral Leukoplakia: Clinicopathological Correlation and Its Relevance to Regional Tobacco-related Habit Index
Authors: Shetty Prashanth , Hegde Shweta , Vinod KS , Kalra Salona , Goyal Prasoon , Patel Mimansha 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A case control study was carried out to evaluate the synergistic effects of habits quantified by habit index and its effect and severity on the clinicopathological features of oral leukoplakia in a cohort of 100 patients visiting Triveni Dental College, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.

Materials and methods
One hundred patients indulging in tobacco-related habits (smoking and smokeless forms) were categorized into two groups: A case/experimental group consisting of 50 patients presenting with oral leukoplakia lesion and a control group consisting of 50 patients with no clinical signs of oral leukoplakia. Habit index was calculated in both groups. Case group was further subjected to incisional biopsy of the lesion followed by histopathological examination. All the variables in the study were statistically analyzed for the mean, standard deviation, i.e., value of central tendency, z-test, test of significance, and Pearson's correlation (r-test).

Results
For p < 0.05 bidi habit index was significantly higher in the case group. Higher bidi habit index was evident in the severe stages of lesion ice, p < 0.001 (highly significant). The degree of dysplasia was higher with advancing clinical stage of the lesion.

Conclusion
Higher bidi habit index in the case group contributed significantly for severe stages of lesion and thereby indicates its probable progression toward malignancy. Nonhomogenous leukoplakia of the speckled subtype exhibited moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia. Hence, quantification of tobacco-related habits and the clinical appearance of the premalignant lesion predict the risk of subsequent malignant transformation of the disease.

How to cite this article
Shetty P, Hegde S, Vinod KS, Kalra S, Goyal P, Patel M. Oral Leukoplakia: Clinicopathological Correlation and Its Relevance to Regional Tobacco-related Habit Index. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):601-608.