bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corn starch dextrin changes intestinal microbiota and its metabolic activity in rats fed a basal and high-fat diet
Authors: Barczynska Renata , Jurgoński Adam , Slizewska Katarzyna , Juśkiewicz Jerzy , Kapusniak Janusz 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of low-fat and high-fat diets supplemented with dextrin obtained from corn starch on the numbers and relative proportions of enteric bacteria Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides, Prevotella), Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium) and Firmicutes (Clostridium, Lactobacillus). Moreover, basic indicators of gastrointestinal function (among other things: epidydymal fat mass, mass with contents, pH in the colon, cecum, small intestine, fecal enzymes were investigation) and short-chain fatty acids are analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
In vivo experimental studies in rats (analized samples of the ileal, cecal and colonic digesta; pH; blood serum; fecal enzymes); determination of the number of bacteria – fluorescence in situ hybridization; and determination of type and concentration SCFA – HPLC were considered.

Findings
No statistically significant differences in final body weight were found between rats fed low-fat and high-fat diets supplemented with dextrin. In rats fed the low-fat diet with dextrin, the gut microbiota composition was as follows: 42.74 percent Bacteroises and Prevotella (Bacteroidetes), 35.28 percent Clostridium and Lactobacilllus (Firmicutes) and 21.98 percent Bifidobacterium (Actinobacteria), while in rats fed the high-fat diet with dextrin it was similar. Irrespective of the diet type, supplementation with dextrin enhances bacterial glycolytic activity and the cecal production of total SCFAs, with strongly increased propionate and decreased butyrate fermentation.

Practical implications
Dextrin may enrich food or be a component of functional foods.

Originality/value
Dextrin from corn starch may contribute to changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota.
Exploring consumers’ health perception across cultures in the early stages of new product development
Authors: Sulistyawati Ita , Sijtsema Siet , Dekker Matthijs , Verkerk Ruud , Steenbekkers Bea 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore consumers’ health perception and demonstrate its relevance in product and process design in early stages of new product development.Design/methodology/approachA dried mango was used as a case study involving three countries: Indonesia, China and the Netherlands. Data were collected from nine focus groups (n=53 participants) and were content-analysed to acquire in-depth insights.FindingsFour themes of health perception emerged, namely, nutrition, naturalness, taste and well-being, which were all expressed on different levels of abstractness. Participants’ health perception of dried mango varied, it is related to the product category it is compared with, e.g. candy or fresh fruit, and the eating context, e.g. position in the diet either as a snack or a meal. In extension participants mentioned product and process characteristics. Application of the insights into product and process design was performed through iterative interactions between consumer scientists and food technologists. The development of two product concepts was elaborated to transform the insights into technical product and process specifications for a natural dried mango product.Originality/valueThis transformation suggests that iterative interactions are necessary to achieve relevant product and process characteristics in the simultaneous design of the technical product and process specifications based on consumer perceptions.
Effect of addition of banana peel powder (Musa balbisiana) on physicochemical and sensory properties of fish patty
Authors: Bin Mohd Zaini Hana , Bin Sintang Mohd Dona , Dan Yi Ning , Ab Wahab Noorakmar , Bin Abdul Hamid Mansoor , Pindi Wolyna 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the physicochemical and sensory properties of fish patties added with banana peel powder (BPP),Musa balbisiana.Design/methodology/approachFour different fish patty formulations were produced containing 0 per cent (BPP0) (Control), 2 per cent (BPP2), 4 per cent (BPP4) and 6 per cent (BPP6) of BPP (M. balbisiana).FindingsThe addition of BPP was shown to improve the hardness, cooking yield, water holding capacity (WHC) and redness (a* value) as well as the dietary fibre (DF) content (p<0.05). The BPP, however, also turned the fish patties darker (lowerL*) (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation showed that fish patties with a concentration of 2 per cent BPP had the highest overall acceptability, whereas the concentration of 6 per cent BPP was found to be unacceptable compared to that of control sample (p<0.05). The declining sensory acceptability of fish patty with 6 per cent BPP is related to the harder texture and the darker color of the patties compared to the control sample (BPP0).Originality/valueThe addition of BPP can potentially improve the quality of fish patties in terms of textural properties (hardness) by increasing their WHC, reducing the cooking loss and enhancing the DF content.
Consumers’ perception of vitamin D and fortified foods
Authors: Clark Beth , Hill Tom , Hubbard Carmen 
Published: July 2019

PurposeAs natural dietary sources of vitamin D are not consumed in sufficient quantities, fortified foods could play a role in maintaining vitamin D sufficiency. With public consultation, an integral part of designing acceptable fortification strategies, the purpose of this paper is to understand public awareness and perception of vitamin D fortified foods.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-methods approach was taken with two focus groups and 109 surveys conducted using a non-probability sample from North-East England. Thematic analysis of focus group data identified six themes, with factor and cluster analysis identifying seven factors and four clusters, respectively, which highlighted differences in vitamin D knowledge and fortified food perceptions.FindingsDespite identifying sunlight as the main vitamin D source (91 per cent), participants were less aware of the main dietary source (33 per cent), and few could state fortified products (51 per cent). Although attitudes towards fortification were generally favourable (63 per cent agreeing that selected products should be fortified), nearly half (43 per cent) were unsure if more products should be made available. Results suggest that more natural products to complement existing market offerings would be most preferred. Factor and cluster analysis results identified awareness of health benefits and/or dietary sources as essential to have favourable attitudes towards fortified products.Originality/valueThis research adds to the limited literature regarding consumer attitudes towards fortified foods. It highlights a need to improve public awareness and labelling of fortified products to potentially increase fortified food consumption.
Presence of palm oil in foodstuffs: consumers’ perception
Authors: Guadalupe Grobert A. , Lerma-García María Jesús , Fuentes Ana , Barat José Manuel , Bas María del Carmen , Fernández-Segovia Isabel 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the presence of palm oil in food products on sale, and to study and compare consumers’ opinions about this oil type in Spain (importing country) and Peru (producing country).

Design/methodology/approach
Recent news published in both countries, which could influence consumer perceptions, were analysed. A study on the labelling of foodstuffs in Spain was carried out, as was a survey with Spanish and Peruvian consumers.

Findings
Palm oil was found in a large number of products and in a wide range of foods, especially those from the bakery sector. The percentages of saturated fats varied substantially within the same product type. Spanish consumers showed much more interest in the labelling and information on nutritional properties, especially energy values, saturated fats and sugars, while Peruvians focused more on energy values, and protein, vitamin and mineral contents. In Spain, palm oil was considered the worst quality fat/oil and had a clearly negative effect on both health and the environment. In Peru, palm oil was neither perceived by the majority of respondents as low quality oil nor associated with negative health effects. However, they were aware of the environmental problems that could result from its production.

Originality/value
These results confirm that the food industry should make efforts to reduce or replace palm oil in foods, mainly in Spain, as most consumers believe that palm oil negatively affects their health and the environment.
Stator tooth shape optimization for double salient hybrid excitation generator based on asymmetric circuit analysis
Authors: Yao Shuchun , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to clarify the relationship between stator tooth shape and DC voltage fluctuation of a double salient hybrid excitation generator (DSHEG). It analyzes the asymmetrical characteristics of the magnetic circuit and inductance between each phase. The study aims to reduce voltage fluctuation by using a stator shape optimization scheme, which helps reducing inductance difference.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper opted for a method combined with theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental verification. The stator tooth optimization scheme is given based on theoretical asymmetrical analysis and Taguchi method. A series of two-dimensional finite element analysis simulation of different conditions are conducted. Two prototypes with different stator tooth shape are made and experiments are carried out.

Findings
The paper provides empirical insights into how the stator tooth shape influences the asymmetry of inductance and DC voltage fluctuation. Compensation adjustments to the stator tooth shape can narrow the inductance differences of each phase. It suggests that “LTL” shaped DSHEG has lower voltage ripple than “III” shaped DSHEG without sacrificing output power.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the chosen research approach, the gap between magnets and stator and end effect are not considered. Errors exist between simulation and experimental results.

Practical implications
The paper includes implications for other “C” shaped tooth optimization. Study on phase asymmetry of the special machine can further improve quality testing and simplify control strategy.

Originality/value
This paper analyzes the asymmetry of DSHEG and proposes an optimized stator tooth shape to reduce DC voltage fluctuation.
Temporal reflection of electromagnetic waves in simple polar-molecule reactions
Authors: Liu Xingpeng , Yan Dandan , Huang Kama 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the temporal reflection of electromagnetic waves (EMWs) in simple polar-molecule reactions whose polarization changes with the proceeding of the reactions.

Design/methodology/approach
At a temporal boundary, based on the continuity of the electric displacement and magnetic induction, the reflected condition of EMWs is obtained, and the expression of the transmission and reflection coefficients in the reactions is derived. Subsequently, a one-dimensional model is used to validate the reflected condition and expression.

Findings
If the time scale of the component concentration variation is greater than the wave period, the polarization of the reactions at a temporal boundary is continuous. The reflection does not happen. On the other hand, when the time scale of the component concentration variation is smaller than the wave period, the polarization is not continuous at a temporal boundary. The impedance of the reactions at the temporal boundary changes and the reflection occurs.

Originality/value
The results may be helpful in disclosing the non-uniform distribution of EMWs in chemical reactions.
Dynamic hysteresis modeling for soft magnetic composites based on isotropic vector play model and Cauer ladder network
Authors: Watanabe Naoya , Takahashi Yasuhito , Fujiwara Koji 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose an effective modeling method of dynamic hysteresis properties for soft magnetic composite (SMC) core using an equivalent circuit representation. Because the eddy currents flowing inside iron powder particles should be considered, it is well known that an accurate magnetic field analysis of the SMC core in a wide range of excitation frequency is not easy. To overcome this difficulty, a dynamic hysteresis modeling based on the standard Cauer circuit is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed method, the first inductance represents the static magnetic property of the SMC, and the latter part represents the dynamic effect because of the eddy currents. The values of the circuit elements were determined by an optimization method based on symmetric loops measured at several frequencies. To verify the validity of the proposed modeling method, finite-element analyses of a ring core inductor and an alternating current reactor were performed.

Findings
By comparing the simulated and measured magnetic properties, the necessity to consider magnetic hysteresis in the equivalent circuit model is clarified. Furthermore, the frequency-dependent inductances of practical reactors can be obtained from the finite-element analysis combined with the proposed method.

Originality/value
This paper demonstrates the significance of determining the circuit parameters in the equivalent circuit for dynamic hysteresis modeling based on the measured magnetic properties. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing frequency-dependent inductances of two kinds of reactors between the simulation and measurement.
Time-varying importance measure of mechanical systems considering maintenance
Authors: Li Yangfan , Zhang Yingjie , Zhang Lin , Dai Bochao 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes in its importance due to the maintenance and repair of components.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a concept of time-varying importance measure is proposed to solve the problem of component importance change caused by maintenance. When the system is broken-down, the probability difference between the component works well after repairing and the component break down before repairing is solved, this difference is measured as an index of time-varying importance method. Then, the approach has been verified by the CNC machine tool.

Findings
The paper provides a method to analyze the importance of changes of components in the system due to maintenance. The time-varying importance measure can evaluate the component importance anytime during its whole life span, and it has the ability to find out the most responsible component for a system failure in the actual production process. What is more, it provides guidance for the next maintenance work.

Originality/value
The proposed method can guide the next maintenance time according to the change of component performance caused by each maintenance activity of the manufacturing system, and avoid the waste of resources caused by repeated maintenance.
Effects of perceived diversity on perceived organizational performance
Authors: Blouch Riffat , Azeem Malik Faisal 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between constructs of employee perception of diversity (EPD) and perceived organizational performance (POP) through components of organizational justice over different hierarchal levels and also across the private and public healthcare sector organizations. Additionally, this study also examines whether employees from diverse backgrounds vary in their perceptions regarding diversity in healthcare sector of Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from primary sources, that is medical, paramedical and administrative staff (different designations) of both public and private hospitals for analyzing the results. The overall population consisted of 250 respondents and the hypotheses were tested using two-way ANOVA and CAUSALMED procedures. The data were collected during the course of three months in different time slots from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Statistical Analysis Software was used to analyze the data.FindingsFindings indicate that regardless of their gender or categories, employees recognize diversity positively, but their responses have significant difference over the hierarchal levels. Furthermore, it is found that EPD is positively linked to the POP, and the relationship gets stronger in the presence of perceived organizational justice (POJ).Research limitations/implicationsThe study was confined to the healthcare sector, so further studies can be conducted in other sectors. The present study checked the impact of POJ, but other important reasonable factors that can intervene in the relationship between perceived diversity and POP can be studied, such as organizational commitment.Practical implicationsFirst of all, it is dispensable for the organizations to ensure the positive perception of these initiatives from employees to implement the diversity programs. Second, the management must ensure the presence of all groups of employees to get the right responses for the diversity management initiatives. Third, the healthcare industry of Pakistan needs to be assessed in the context of current study and diversity initiatives should be taken in hiring and retention of the employees.Originality/valueThe presence of employees of healthcare industry across the sector over hierarchal levels will absolutely add value to the existing knowledge on diversity, diversity management, management theory and practice.
HR technologies and HR-staff technostress: an unavoidable or combatable effect?
Authors: Florkowski Gary Walter 
Published: July 2019

PurposeDrawing on the job demands-resources and IS literatures, the purpose of this paper is to identify organizational factors that mitigate technostress in the HR department; and to evaluate how technostress and techno-insecurity affect technology’s impact on job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis research draws on a web-based survey of 169 US and Canadian firms targeting HR executives as key informants. An HR-context-specific, technostress model was tested with structural equation modeling. Exploratory factor analysis evaluated the structural properties of all multi-item scales and supported their usage. Moderated regression analysis further assessed whether the age and scope of technology portfolios affected certain relationships.FindingsAs predicted, department work stress was less likely to increase when there was HR technology (HRT) governance involvement and top management support for this class of technologies. Heightened techno-insecurity had the opposite effect, another anticipated outcome. HR’s IT-knowledge actually increased technostress, a counterintuitive result. In turn, HRTs were less likely to improve job satisfaction when technostress and techno-insecurity were high. Top management HRT support and an HR innovation climate better enabled portfolios to enhance satisfaction. Moderating influences were detected as well. As hypothesized, techno-insecurity had a stronger negative effect on job-satisfaction impact for younger portfolios, while innovation climate had a weaker relationship with techno-insecurity where portfolios were limited in scope.Research limitations/implicationsExternal validity would be strengthened by not only increasing sample sizes for the USA and Canada, but also targeting more nations for data collection. In addition, incorporating more user-oriented constructs in the present model (e.g. group potency, collective efficacy) may enhance its explanatory power.Practical implicationsThese findings underscore the need to consider HR-staff attitudes in technology rollouts. To the extent HR technologies generate technostress, they at a minimum are impediments to department satisfaction, which may have important ramifications for usage and service. The results further establish that initiatives can be taken to offset this problem, both in terms of the ways portfolios are internally supported and how they are managed.Originality/valueThis is the first study to formally assess how collective work-attitudes in the HR department are affected by HR technologies. Prior research has focused on user-reactions to HRT features or their wider influence on stakeholder perceptions. It is also the first investigation to empirically test potential technostress inhibitors in HR settings.
When a proximate starts to gossip
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Tariq Hussain , Weng Qingxiong (Derek) , Shillamkwese Samson Samwel , Sohail Nadeem 
Published: July 2019

PurposeBased on revenge theory and the three objectives of social interaction theory of aggression, the purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to answer why and when a subordinate’s own behaviour instigates abuse at the workplace. In particular, the authors argue that subordinate gossip behaviour instils in supervisors a thought of revenge towards that subordinate, which, in turn, leads to abusive supervision. Specifically, this hypothesised relationship is augmented when the supervisor feels close to the gossiper (i.e. psychological proximity).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two independent studies to test the moderated mediation model, which collectively investigate why and when subordinate gossip behaviour provokes abusive supervision in the workplace. A lagged study (i.e. Study 1: 422 supervisors and subordinates) in a large retail company and an experience sampling study (i.e. Study 2: 96 supervisors and subordinates with 480 daily surveys) in multiple organisations provide support for the moderated mediation model.FindingsThe two-study (i.e. a lagged study and an experience sampling study) findings support the integrated model, which has mainly focussed on instrumental consideration of abusive supervision that influences the supervisor–subordinate relationship.Originality/valueThe two-study investigation has important and meaningful implications for abusive supervision research because it determines that subordinate gossip behaviour is more threating to a supervisor when the subordinate and the supervisor are psychological close to each other than when they are not. That is because when they are close, the supervisor is not expecting gossip behaviour from the subordinate, thus giving rise to an abusive workplace.
Strategic alignment of IT and human resources management in manufacturing SMEs
Authors: L'Écuyer François , Raymond Louis , Fabi Bruno , Uwizeyemungu Sylvestre 
Published: July 2019

PurposeWithin the manufacturing sector, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face specific challenges with regard to their strategic HRM capabilities. In this context, an emerging issue for both researchers and practitioners regards HR information systems (HRIS), i.e. the deployment of strategic IT capabilities to enable the firm’s high-performance work system (HPWS) capabilities and thus improve the performance of its HR function. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue by using a capability-based mediation perspective to study the strategic alignment of HR and IT.Design/methodology/approachA survey study of 206 manufacturing SMEs was realized and the data thus obtained was analyzed through structural equation modeling.FindingsResults confirm that the HRIS capabilities of SMEs influence the performance of the HR function through their strategic alignment with the HPWS capabilities of these enterprises.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that the manufacturing SMEs most active in developing their HRIS capabilities while developing their HPWS capabilities are most likely to develop a competitive advantage through the improved performance of their HR function. This is especially important in a time when firms of all sizes across the globe are waging a “war for talent,” and are enabled to do so by their strategic use of IT.Originality/valueThe results of the study constitute a valid basis for prediction and prescription with regards to the strategic alignment of human and IT resources.