bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up of the conventional versus no-touch isolation technique for resection of primary colon cancer (JCOG1006): randomized clinical trial
Authors: Komori Koji , Takii Yasumasa , Mizusawa Junki , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Shiozawa Manabu , Ohue Masayuki , Ikeda Satoshi , Kobatake Takaya , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Katayama Hiroshi , Fukuda Haruhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) 1006 was a phase III trial of patients with clinical T3/T4 colon cancer comparing the no-touch isolation technique (‘No Touch’) with the conventional technique (‘Conventional’). The planned primary analysis at 3 years failed to confirm the superiority of the No Touch over the ‘Conventional’. The present study aimed to compare the ‘No Touch’ and ‘Conventional’ using long-term (6-year) follow-up data.

Methods
Patients aged 20–80 years who had a clinical classification of T3–4, N0–2, and M0 with histologically proven colon cancer were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to undergo open surgery using ‘Conventional’ or ‘No Touch’ techniques. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival.

Results
In total, 853 patients from 30 institutions were assigned to the ‘Conventional’ (427) or ‘No Touch’ (426) groups between June 2011 and November 2015. The 6-year disease-free survival was 70.3% and 69.4% for ‘Conventional’ and ‘No Touch’ arms respectively (HR 1.030; 95% c.i. 0.813 to 1.304; one-sided P = 0.60). The 6-year overall survival was 89.4% and 86.6% respectively (HR 1.276; 95% c.i. 0.902 to 1.807). The 6-year relapse-free survival was 78.9% and 75.0% respectively (HR 1.209; 95% c.i. 0.920 to 1.589). The 6-year liver relapse-free survival was 85.1% and 80.2% respectively (HR 1.311; 95% c.i. 0.961 to 1.787).

Conclusion
Long-term follow-up data did not support the superiority of ‘No Touch’ over ‘Conventional’ technique in patients with stages II and III colon cancer. These study findings indicate that the conventional technique is still standard surgery for managing colon cancers.

Trial registration number
UMIN000004957
Knowledge, Values, and Preferences Regarding Contraceptive Choices Among Women Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Limdi Jimmy K , Rhodes Sarah , Liu Eleanor , Kuriakose Kuzhiyanjal Anish J , Brookes Matthew , Farraye Jennifer , Cannon Rachel , Woodhams Elisabeth , Farraye Francis A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at conception is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. International guidelines address antenatal care, but contraception counseling and risk assessment are not addressed. Data on healthcare professionals’ guidance for women with IBD regarding contraception are scarce. We aimed to describe contraceptive use, preferences, knowledge, and barriers among women with IBD.

Methods
A 34-item questionnaire was administered to female IBD patients aged 18-45. Disease control was measured using PRO-2 and IBD-control questionnaire, and contraceptive preferences were assessed by the contraceptive features survey. Logistic regression explored associations between contraceptive use, attitudes, disease remission status, and other factors.

Results
Of 338 women surveyed, 243 (74%) used some form of contraception. Oral birth control pills (28%) and barrier methods (18%) were most used but 20% used long-acting methods. Women with active disease were more likely to use long-acting contraception (23%) compared to those in remission (17%). Contraceptive priorities were effectiveness (78%), ease of use (75%), and minimal side effects (68%). Only 25% women had discussed reproductive issues with their IBD clinician, though 85% were comfortable to do so. Preferred sources for reproductive counseling were IBD nurses (79%), general practitioners (75%), IBD doctors (68%), and gynecologists (49%).

Conclusions
A quarter of women with IBD were not using any contraception, and long-acting contraceptive use was low. Women prefer effective, easy-to-use contraceptives with minimal side effects but lack knowledge on effective contraception-related issues. Better education and proactive discussions between healthcare providers and patients could improve reproductive health in women with IBD.
Ultra-low-dose coronary computed tomography angiography using photon-counting detector computed tomography
Authors: Araki Suguru , Nakamura Satoshi , Takafuji Masafumi , Ichikawa Yasutaka , Sakuma Hajime , Kitagawa Kakuya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT), which allows the exclusion of electronic noise, shows promise for significant dose reduction in coronary CT angiography (CCTA). This study aimed to assess the radiation dose and image quality of CCTA using PCD-CT, combined with high-pitch helical scanning and an ultra-low tube potential of 70 kVp, and investigate the effect of a sharp kernel on image quality and stenosis assessment in such an ultra-low-dose CCTA setting.

Methods and results
Forty patients (65% male) with stable heart rates and no prior coronary interventions were included. Data on CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP) were collected, with effective radiation dose estimated using a conversion factor of 0.014. Images were reconstructed using kernels of Bv64 and Bv40 for image quality and stenosis assessment. The mean CTDIvol, DLP, and effective dose of CCTA were 1.72 ± 0.38 mGy, 29.1 ± 6.8 mGy·cm, and 0.41 ± 0.09 mSv, respectively. Image quality was similar (P = 0.75) between the two kernels, with over 95% of segments achieving a rating of good image quality for both kernels. The per-segment stenosis score distribution between Bv40 and Bv64 reconstruction images showed significant differences for both non-calcified and calcified plaques (P &lt; 0.001 for both).

Conclusion
PCD-CT technology with high-pitch helical scanning and the tube potential of 70 kVp can provide CCTA with ultra-low radiation exposure (DLP, 29 mGy·cm). The noise reduction capability of PCD-CT allows the use of a sharp kernel even in this low-dose CCTA setting without compromising image quality, potentially improving the evaluation of coronary artery stenosis.
Predicting population-level vulnerability among pregnant women using routinely collected data and the added relevance of self-reported data
Authors: Molenaar Joyce M , Leung Ka Yin , van der Meer Lindsey , Klein Peter Paul F , Struijs Jeroen N , Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recognizing and addressing vulnerability during the first thousand days of life can prevent health inequities. It is necessary to determine the best data for predicting multidimensional vulnerability (i.e. risk factors to vulnerability across different domains and a lack of protective factors) at population level to understand national prevalence and trends. This study aimed to (1) assess the feasibility of predicting multidimensional vulnerability during pregnancy using routinely collected data, (2) explore potential improvement of these predictions by adding self-reported data on health, well-being, and lifestyle, and (3) identify the most relevant predictors. The study was conducted using Dutch nationwide routinely collected data and self-reported Public Health Monitor data. First, to predict multidimensional vulnerability using routinely collected data, we used random forest (RF) and considered the area under the curve (AUC) and F1 measure to assess RF model performance. To validate results, sensitivity analyses (XGBoost and Lasso) were done. Second, we gradually added self-reported data to predictions. Third, we explored the RF model’s variable importance. The initial RF model could distinguish between those with and without multidimensional vulnerability (AUC = 0.98). The model was able to correctly predict multidimensional vulnerability in most cases, but there was also misclassification (F1 measure = 0.70). Adding self-reported data improved RF model performance (e.g. F1 measure = 0.80 after adding perceived health). The strongest predictors concerned self-reported health, socioeconomic characteristics, and healthcare expenditures and utilization. It seems possible to predict multidimensional vulnerability using routinely collected data that is readily available. However, adding self-reported data can improve predictions.
Politicians, power, and the people's health: US elections and state health outcomes, 2012–2024
Authors: Krieger Nancy , Moallef Soroush , Chen Jarvis T , Balasubramanian Ruchita , Cowger Tori L , Hamad Rita , McGregor Alecia J , Hanage William P , Tabb Loni Philip , Bassett Mary T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Our descriptive study examined current associations (2022–2024) between US state-level health outcomes and 4 US state-level political metrics: 2 rarely used in public health research (political ideology of elected representatives based on voting records; trifectas, where 1 party controls the executive and legislative branches) and 2 more commonly used (state policies enacted; voter political lean). The 8 health outcomes spanned the life course: infant mortality, premature mortality (death at age &lt;65), health insurance (adults aged 35–64), vaccination for children and persons aged ≥65 (flu; COVID-19 booster), maternity care deserts, and food insecurity. For the first 3 outcomes, we also examined trends in associations (2012–2024). For all political metrics, higher state-level political conservatism was associated with worse health outcomes, especially for the metrics for political ideology and state trifectas. For example, in 2016, the premature mortality rate in states with Republican vs Democratic trifectas was higher by 55.4 deaths per 100 000 person-years (95% CI: 7.7, 103.1), and the slope of the rate of increase to 2021 was also higher, by 27.0 deaths per 100 000 person-years (95% CI: 24.4, 29.7). These results suggest elections, political ideology, and concentrations of political power matter for population health.
Body size and survival of urban and rural populations of a common wolf spider are not influenced by lifelong exposure to lead pollution
Authors: Guarnieri Lucy , Taylor Leo , Phelan P Larry , Gardiner Mary Margaret 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is pervasive in urban soils, and it can negatively impact the fitness of arthropods. Arthropod populations can evolve to become more tolerant or resistant to metals, but the mechanisms of these processes are understudied. Here, we tested the hypotheses of fixed adaptation and facultative adaptation in a lead (Pb)-exposure experiment using the progeny of field-collected Pardosa milvina spiders from urban (elevated soil Pb) and rural (background soil Pb) habitats. We predicted that spiders from both populations that were reared in the elevated Pb treatment would exhibit decreased body size in comparison to individuals reared in background Pb soil due to a facultative shift in metabolic investment from growth to Pb resistance, or, alternatively, that urban spiders would exhibit no change in body size across treatments, supporting fixed adaptation as a consequence of a legacy effect of urban Pb pollution. We found no evidence that exposure to elevated Pb soil had an effect on P. milvina’s adult body size or survival, regardless of population origin. Our results indicate that the amount of Pb accumulated by the spiders was not sufficient to induce a measurable change in body size, or that there was a fitness cost that was not measured in the experiment, such as changes in fecundity or body condition. Overall, these findings do not provide support for fixed or facultative adaptation to Pb pollution in P. milvina; as such, future studies should investigate other possible tradeoffs, including changes in egg size, body weight, and foraging effort.
An unexpected primary squamous cell carcinoma of the left colon: a rare case report
Authors: Cornwell Charlotte , Kim Tae Jun , Byrne Chris M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common cancer with a large burden of disease. Adenocarcinomas account for majority of colorectal cancers, arising from glandular epithelium. Other malignancies including neuroendocrine, adenosquamous, spindle cell and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are seldomly encountered. Primary colorectal SCC was first reported in 1919 and is particularly rare. It is difficult to manage as patients present late, with locally invasive or metastatic disease. We present the case of a woman in her 40s with a previously resected sigmoid adenocarcinoma and a new splenic flexure mass. Histopathology revealed an SCC without evidence of extra-colonic disease. The patient underwent resection with clear margins, however, did not tolerate systemic adjuvant treatment and developed local recurrence within twelve months. We add our patient’s case to the small compilation of cases of primary colorectal SCC along with a summary of its clinical and histological characteristics, strategies in management and considerations for future research.
Resection of accessory parotid gland tumor utilizing trans-oral technique: a case report
Authors: Alrohaimi Fayez A , Alharbi Nader S , Alshammari Abdulrazaq M , Alotaibi Salman K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this report, we discuss a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma in the accessory parotid gland of a 39-year- old male, which is generally a difficult tumor to manage because of the danger of facial scarring and nerve injury from external incisions. A minimally invasive trans-oral surgical technique was used, resulting in a successful resection without the usual complications, demonstrating a promising option that focuses on cosmetic and functional benefits. The importance of complete preoperative evaluations is emphasized, as is the possibility for broader applicability with additional study, establishing the technique’s efficacy to improve outcomes for patients in similar circumstances.
Microsurgery for basilar apex aneurysms: a case series
Authors: Acha Sánchez José Luis , Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E , Contreras Montenegro Luis , Cueva Manuel , Bellido Adriana , Contreras Shamir , Santos Oscar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although endovascular management has been increasingly adopted for basilar apex aneurysms (BAAs), microsurgery still represents an amenable treatment option. In this case series, six female patients (median age: 46 years) with six saccular high-riding BAAs (50% ruptured) were included. The median neck size was 5.3 mm (range: 2.9–7.9), and the median length from base to dome was 7.25 mm (range: 5.2–11.4). Preoperative complications included hydrocephalus (22%) and rebleeding (22%). All patients underwent clipping with a pterional craniotomy with extension into the temporal bone base. Intraoperative aneurysm rupture occurred in one patient (17%). Postoperative complications occurred in two patients (34%), of which one died because of extensive cerebral vasospasm and hospital-acquired pneumonia. At the 6-month follow-up, all remaining patients had modified Rankin scale scores ≤ 2. Microsurgery remains a viable option for BAAs in limited-resource settings. Technical success depends on delicate tissue work, in-depth anatomical knowledge, and maneuverability in narrow corridors.
Case report of central serous chorioretinopathy with intraretinal fluid and normal fundus fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography
Authors: Hegde Manasi , Weaver Travers 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A 73-year-old man was diagnosed with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). He had atypical features including a normal indocyanine green angiography (ICG) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), uncommon age group for initial diagnosis and a finding of intraretinal fluid. This case report is the first of our knowledge that exemplifies this type of unusual clinical presentation for CSCR.
A Cylindrical Lens Spectrometer with Parallel Detection for Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
Authors: Hwang Junhyeok , Park In-Yong , Ogawa Takashi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) has played a pivotal role in allowing researchers to explore the characteristics of various bulk materials. This study presents results for the low-loss region of REELS with a new cylindrical lens spectrometer integrated into a low-voltage scanning electron microscope. The operational principles and implementation of the spectrometer are explained through comparisons between electron optical simulations and experimental results. Notably, the analysis shows the ability to distinguish samples in film and bulk forms. Graphene and graphite, despite their identical elemental composition and crystalline structure, are found to have distinct energy spectra as indicated by plasmon peaks. Furthermore, the study explores the bandgap measurement of SiO2 at low-energy conditions of 2.5 keV, highlighting the proposed instrument's advantages in the measurement without the harmful effect of Cherenkov loss. Additionally, this method reaffirms the capability to measure multiple plasmon peaks from the energy spectra of bulk gold samples, thus introducing a pioneering avenue in energy spectrum measurement. Leveraging the compact size and simple experimental setup of the spectrometer for REELS, the method enables the measurement of energy spectra of both bulk- and film-formed samples under low electron energy conditions, marking a significant advancement in the field.
Investigation of Military Spouse Suicide
Authors: Cole Rebekah , Cowan Rebecca G , Pearce Elizabeth , Quintana Taqueena , Ren Xiao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Recent statistics released by the Department of Defense have revealed increasing numbers of military spouse suicide. Although past qualitative research has suggested possible reasons for this phenomenon, there is a lack of wide-scale quantitative research regarding suicide within the military spouse population. To fill this gap, we aimed to examine military spouses’ perceptions of suicide and their ability to access mental health care. We also aimed to explore the perceptions of sucide within various subgroups of military spouses.

Materials and Methods
We recruited military spouse participants (officer and enlisted) through social media to complete a 12-item Likert survey focusing on their perception of suicide in the military spouse community, including the threat level of suicide, their own mental health status, barriers and stigmas to accessing mental health care, the view from the spouse’s leadership, and the leading causes for military spouse suicide. A total of 141 military spouses participated in our study.

Results
Spouses’ perception of the main threats to their mental health and suicides in their community were an ongoing sense of loss of control (27.7%), loss of identity (25.5%), difficulty accessing mental health services (19.1%), and fear of seeking mental health services (10.6%). Additionally, 28.3% of participants were moderately concerned, quite concerned, or extremely concerned about their mental health. The participants also believed that the threat of suicides in their community was moderately prevalent (35.5%), quite prevalent (17.7%), and extremely prevalent (5%). There was no difference between spouses of officers or enlisted service members, spouses of service members in the Army, Navy, or Air Force on perceptions of suicide risk prevalence, stigma, participants’ concern for themselves, confidence in their ability to access resources, confidence in their ability to help another spouse, or the perceived importance military leaders place on preventing suicide. Spousal tenure was similarly not significantly related to any of the variables of interest.

Conclusions
Our military spouse particpants reported elevated perceptions about the prevalence of suicide threats, concern for themselves, and stigma toward accessing mental health resources, as well as low perceived importance placed on spouse suicide prevention by military leadership. The spouses reported moderate confidence in their ability to help another spouse or access suicide prevention resources. Our participants also reported challenges in accessing mental health services and perceived a stigma associated with receiving counseling services. Continued focus and advocacy is needed to ensure military spouses receive the mental health support needed to prevent suicide within this population.
New radial velocities for 40 nearby dwarf galaxies
Authors: Karachentsev Igor D , Chazov Maxim I , Kaisin Serafim S 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The 6-metre BTA telescope has been used to determine radial velocities for 40 galaxies, recently identified in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys as nearby objects. Half of them have kinematic distances within 11 Mpc being new probable companions to the bright Local Volume galaxies: NGC 628, Maffei 2, NGC 2787, M 81, NGC 4605, and NGC 4631. Six relatively isolated objects with heliocentric velocities in the range of $[-150, +70]$ km s$^{-1}$, together with the blue compact dwarf NGC 6789, form a diffuse association of dwarf galaxies located in the near part of the Local Void.
A molecular module improves rice grain quality and yield at high temperatures
Authors: Lu Feifei , Jiao Guiai , Qiu Jiehua , Zhao Shaolu , Zhao Fengli , Wang Ping , Chen Luna , Chen Pengfei , Li Xinwei , Dong Nannan , Cao Ruijie , Li Xiaoxue , Ruan Zheyan , Shao Gaoneng , Hu Shikai , Sheng Zhonghua , Xie Lihong , Tang Shaoqing , Hu Peisong , Wei Xiangjin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Excessive temperatures during grain filling can compromise endosperm starch biosynthesis and decrease grain quality and yield in rice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these remain unclear. Here, we show that heat shock protein OsHsp40-1 interacts with and elevates the ATPase activity of OsHsp70-2 in rice. OsHsp40-1 also interacts with the key starch biosynthetic enzymes OsGBSSI and OsPPDKB and thereby enhances their stability and activity, which is essential for maintaining rice quality and grain yield under moderate high-temperature (HT) conditions. Overexpression of OsHsp70-2 and OsHsp40-1 in rice significantly improved grain quality and yield at HT. Furthermore, a haplotype analysis identified favorable alleles of OsHsp70-2 and OsHsp40-1, which could be used for improving thermotolerance in rice. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which the OsHsp70-2–OsHsp40-1 module ameliorates the effects of HT on starch biosynthesis, providing a new strategy for genetic improvement of rice quality and yield under HT conditions.
A Comparison of Two DAAs Used in a Unique Model of Care to Treat Hepatitis C Infections in New Jersey
Authors: Slim Jihad , Bellafiore Paul , Tempalski Barbara , Rosmarin-DeStefano Corey , Leyden Kevin , Torres Juan , Duprey Sheena , Levaggi Emily 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this prospective observational study, we compare the efficacy of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir vs sofosbuvir/velpatasvir in treating hepatitis C within a unique model of care utilizing a combination of telehealth, an ambulatory van, case management, and a contracted pharmacy. Among 769 patients treated, 90.4% completed treatment, with 9.6% lost to follow-up. Both regimens demonstrated high completion rates and efficacy.