bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion on autonomic symptoms in advanced Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review
Authors: Galli Silvia , De Carolis Lanfranco , Bianchini Edoardo , Alborghetti Marika , Caliò Bianca , Pacilio Pierre , Fanciulli Alessandra , Pontieri Francesco E. , Rinaldi Domiziana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Autonomic failure has a major impact on the quality of life of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), especially in advanced stages of the disease. Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) infusion is a well-established treatment for advanced PD with severe motor fluctuations and provides substantial benefit in managing some non-motor symptoms (NMS), such as sleep, fatigue, and neuropsychiatric issues. The effect of LCIG on autonomic symptoms is by contrast not well known. Here we performed a systematic review on the influence of LCIG therapy on autonomic dysfunction in PD individuals.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched for studies that included autonomic outcome measures in LCIG-treated PD individuals, limiting the search to articles written in English and published between January 2005 and June 2023. We evaluated improvement, stability, or worsening of gastrointestinal, urinary, and cardiovascular symptoms at six different timepoints according to clinimetric scale changes compared to baseline. Data on autonomic adverse events (AEs) possibly related to LCIG treatment were also collected.

Results
Of the 1476 studies identified in the initial search, 16 ultimately met the inclusion criteria and underwent quality assessment and data extraction, with data from 1361 PD patients (18.3 months mean follow-up). Thirteen studies reported improvement or stability of gastrointestinal, urinary, and cardiovascular symptoms over the interventional period. One study found a worsening of cardiovascular symptoms and two of urological symptoms. Regarding safety, seven studies reported gastrointestinal (8.4%), urinary (0.5%), and cardiovascular (1.1%) autonomic LCIG-related AEs.

Conclusions
LCIG infusion may help to reduce the burden of autonomic symptoms in advanced PD. Prospective studies specifically addressing the effect of LCIG on autonomic function in advanced PD are warranted.
Pharmakotherapie und begleitende Labordiagnostik im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Steinhoff Bernhard J. 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Anfallssupprimierende Medikamente (ASM) werden bei erwachsenen Patientinnen und Patienten in der Regel über lange Zeit eingesetzt. Je nach pharmakokinetischem Profil sind dabei als Begleiterscheinung mannigfaltige Auswirkungen auf den Organismus und die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit anderer Medikamente denkbar, die auch zu typischen Laborveränderungen führen können. Darauf bezogen ist es essenziell, vor Beginn mit einem ASM der Wahl durch geeignete Labordiagnostik Risikofaktoren zu identifizieren, die unter Therapie womöglich zu gesundheitsgefährdenden Änderungen führen können und unter Umständen auch die ASM-Auswahl vor Therapiebeginn beeinflussen. Die hier vorgelegte Übersicht soll dabei helfen, solche Konstellationen kennenzulernen und Ratschläge zu erteilen, welche Parameter wann bestimmt werden sollten. Eine zweite wichtige Säule der epileptologischen Labordiagnostik betrifft die Serumkonzentrationen von ASM. Deren generelle Wertigkeit einschließlich des sog. therapeutischen Bereichs wurde früher überschätzt. Heute wissen wir, dass Serumkonzentrationen von ASM nur bei geeigneten klinischen Fragestellungen und nicht routinemäßig bestimmt werden sollten. Wir bevorzugen heute die Definition eines individuellen und nicht pauschalen Referenzbereichs und schlagen sogar, gestützt auf die jüngsten Daten zu neu eingeführten ASM, vor, diesen Referenzbereich eher als typisch oder erwartbar zu bezeichnen, ohne dass unmittelbare klinische Schritte ohne klinisches Korrelat vorgenommen werden sollten.
An experimental assessment of biomass loss due to red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) grazing on agricultural grass meadows in Norway
Authors: Unsgård Even , Meisingset Erling L. , Rivrud Inger Maren , Fossland Gunn Randi , Thorvaldsen Pål , Veiberg Vebjørn , Mysterud Atle 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In Europe, over a third of the agricultural area is grass meadows used for livestock grazing and fodder production. Grass meadows provide a food source for wild ungulates causing human-wildlife conflicts due to forage removal. Few experimental studies have quantified biomass loss with enough replicates to determine how surrounding environments influences level of biomass removal. Using an exclosure experiment on 57 grassland meadows over five years at the northwest coast of Norway covering 10 650 km2, we quantified biomass removal by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) and how environmental factors impacted biomass loss (Study 1). Furthermore, we examined development of biomass loss and crude protein concentration in five fields throughout the growing season (Study 2). The average predicted biomass loss to red deer grazing was 16% for the first harvest, and 7.3% for the second harvest (Study 1). Biomass loss increased with red deer density from 0% at the lowest density (0.6 red deer harvested/km2) to 31% at the highest density (4 red deer harvested/km2). Biomass loss increased from 12% to 32.8% as terrain ruggedness index (TRI) rose from 2.1 to 7.1. Absolute biomass loss increased towards time of grass harvest (Study 2). Crude protein concentration was higher in unfenced plots during the period before first harvest, but not between first and second harvest (Study 2). The quantification of biomass removal at a large spatial scale over several years in this study provides a better understanding of factors causing variation in losses.
Isomorphism Problems and Groups of Automorphisms for Ore Extensions $$K[x][y; f\frac{d}{dx} ]$$ (Prime Characteristic)
Authors: Bavula V. V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Let

$$\Lambda (f) = K[x][y; f\frac{d}{dx} ]$$

Λ

(
f
)

=
K

[
x
]

[
y
;
f

d

dx

]

be an Ore extension of a polynomial algebra K[x] over an arbitrary field K of characteristic

$$p>0$$

p
>
0

where

$$f\in K[x]$$

f
∈
K
[
x
]

. For each polynomial f, the automorphism group of the algebras

$$\Lambda (f)$$

Λ
(
f
)

is explicitly described. The automorphism group

$$\textrm{Aut}_K(\Lambda (f))=\mathbb {S}\rtimes G_f$$

Aut
K

(
Λ

(
f
)

)

=
S
⋊

G
f

is a semidirect product of two explicit groups where

$$G_f$$

G
f

is the eigengroup of the polynomial f (the set of all automorphisms of K[x] such that f is their common eigenvector). For each polynomial f, the eigengroup

$$G_f$$

G
f

is explicitly described. It is proven that every subgroup of

$$\textrm{Aut}_K(K[x])$$

Aut
K

(
K

[
x
]

)

is the eigengroup of a polynomial. It is proven that the Krull and global dimensions of the algebra

$$\Lambda (f)$$

Λ
(
f
)

are 2. The prime, completely prime, primitive and maximal ideals of the algebra

$$\Lambda (f)$$

Λ
(
f
)

are classified.
Psychosocial Outcomes of Supported Living for People with Severe Mental Illness: A One Year Evaluation of Floating Outreach in Germany
Authors: Dehn Lorenz B. , Schreiter Julia , Steinhart Ingmar , Driessen Martin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSupported living plays an important role in the community-based care for people with mental illness. However, support services like floating outreach have hardly been the subject of longer-term research to date, especially with regard to Germany. Thus, the main aim of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the psychosocial outcomes of floating outreach support for non-homeless people with severe mental illness across a one-year period. In a group of n = 119 people (M = 41 years old, 36% with affective disorders) the quantitative analyses revealed significant improvements in quality of life (MANSA), overall social functioning (SFS), as well as general support and care needs (CAN-EU). Nevertheless, there were still some unmet (and even increasing) care needs among the respondents after one year, especially in the domains of “physical health” and “company of others“. These findings therefore indicate areas of support that should be given more attention in the future.
Intestinal mucosal turnover in germ-free piglets infected with E. coli
Authors: Tóth Štefan , Fagová Zuzana , Holodová Monika , Čurgali Kristína , Mechírová Eva , Kunová Alexandra , Maretta Milan , Nemcová Radomíra , Gancarčíková Soňa , Danková Marianna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We focused on investigation of E. coli infection influence on the turnover and apoptosis of intestinal mucosa. We have verified changes in proliferation and apoptosis in epithelial lining as well as in lamina propria of jejunum and colon of germ-free (GF) piglets as healthy control group and GF piglets in which at 5th day their gut was colonized with E. coli bacteria (ECK group). According to our results we detected significant increase in proliferation of the epithelial cells only in the jejunum of the ECK group, indicating a higher sensitivity to colonization with E. coli. Significant changes in the TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry of other studied markers (TNF-α, Caspase-3 and HSP-70) were noted only in the lamina propria mucosae of both intestinal segments in the ECK group. In conclusion, we found that the commensal gut microbiota plays a role in regulation of the turnover rate in the epithelial lining, but also in the cells in the lamina propria mucosae in both intestinal segments, and that the host response is dependent on the colonising bacteria.
Impacts of phosphorus limitation in the toxicity of environmental concentrations of lead and zinc in Raphidocelis subcapitata (Chlorophyceae)
Authors: Rocha Giseli Swerts , Melão Maria G. G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicroalgal metabolism is affected by the surrounding environment and nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential for optimal metabolism, as well as trace amounts of essential metals such as zinc (Zn); although in higher doses than required, Zn can be toxic. Lead (Pb) is a non-essential metal that can harm organisms from different trophic levels. In the environment, algae are exposed to several stressors simultaneously and adapt their metabolism. In the present study, we evaluated P limitation combined with environmental concentrations of Zn or Pb to the freshwater microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata regarding growth, pigments production, and photosynthetic parameters. Our results indicate that P limitation affected the growth, pigments production, relative maximum electron transport rate (rETRmax), and saturation irradiance; while Pb altered growth, pigments production, and maximum quantum yield; and Zn affected pigment production, photochemical and non-photochemical quenching, and rETRmax. However, the combination of metal and P limitation resulted in synergistic responses, i.e., higher damages than the isolated stressors, in growth, maximum and effective quantum yield, and in the rapid light curve parameters. On the other hand, antagonism, i.e., lower damages than isolated stressors, was observed in pigments production and non-photochemical quenching, suggesting that algae activated defense mechanisms to cope with both stressors simultaneously. In addition, our results indicate an algal metabolism adjustment to P limitation and highlight the importance of considering physicochemical water characteristics when defining regulations of acceptable levels of metals in aquatic ecosystems.
The Need for a Whole of Family Response: The Invisibility of Siblings in Adolescent-to-Parent Violence Interventions
Authors: Young Amy , Venables Jemma , O’Leary Patrick , Fannon David , Walter Bronte 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Adolescent-to-parent violence (APV), especially son-to-mother violence, often occurs in the context of adult-perpetrated domestic and family violence (DFV). APV interventions largely focus on the behaviour of the young person using violence, and their relationship with the protective parent, often the mother. Focus on the mother-young person dyad is important yet ignores their relationships with siblings, who have also experienced DFV and APV. If dynamics within the home are unaccounted for, strategies developed within the contained environment of an intervention program are unlikely to be sustained. This paper examines the experiences of siblings whose mothers and brothers are attending an APV intervention. In order to inform more responsive policies and practices, it addresses two research questions: 1) What are the needs of siblings whose brothers are engaging in APV? and (2) how can APV interventions better recognise and respond to the needs of siblings?

Methods
This paper reports on a subset of qualitative data from the evaluation of an Australian APV intervention, conducted between 2020 and 2022. Interviews were undertaken with mothers (n = 17), sons using APV (n = 9), practitioners (n = 11) and a sibling (n = 1). Case files (n = 16) containing data related to the levels of violence witnessed by siblings were also reviewed.

Results
Thematic analysis produced five themes: (1) intersecting complexity; (2) recognition of violence experienced by siblings; (3) different sibling cohorts; (4) family disruption; and (5) siblings and the program.

Conclusion
We argue that a whole of family response is needed for families recovering from DFV where APV is present.
Exploring Acoustic Detection of α-Synuclein Fibrils
Authors: Brun-Cosme-Bruny M. , Gerfault L. , Mourier V. , Torres N. , Bleuet P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Over the past decades, the incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) cases has doubled in industrialized countries. While patients over 70 years old still represent more than half of the cases, the disease is increasingly affecting younger individuals. Environmental factors have been implicated, such as the effects of certain pesticides or chemicals on neurons, such as rotenone or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Researchers have also demonstrated the influence of genetic mutations in younger patients. A-synuclein is a protein encoded by the SNCA gene, known to undergo various mutations in hereditary cases of PD. These mutations alter the composition and spatial arrangements of α-synuclein. The proteins, originally of linear shape, aggregate during the progression of PD, forming fibrillary structures that propagate through brain tissues. Among the physical therapies investigated for treating α-synuclein aggregation, ultrasonic waves, capable of altering protein and cell behaviors, have recently been used to disrupt α-synuclein fibrils within tissues in cellular and animal models, with the hope of developing treatments based on ultrasound properties. However, detecting fibrils typically requires invasive and non-biocompatible chemical compounds or cumbersome machinery. In this study, our acoustic experimental setup allowed us to investigate the response of α-synuclein to ultrasound perturbations. By capturing the transmitted wave across proteins over a frequency range 10 kHz to 10 MHz, no ultrasound signature indicating the presence of proteins was observed.

Significance Statement: The results report there is no ultrasound signature of the presence of α-synuclein fibrils, from 10 kHz to 10 MHz.
Contrasting topography-vegetation relationships at natural and human-influenced mountain treelines in the Peruvian Andes
Authors: Urquiaga-Flores Erickson G. , Bader Maaike Y. , Kessler Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Context
The tropical Andes have a long history of human land use, which has affected vegetation patterns especially at high elevations. However, reference patterns to quantify these effects are missing due to lacking data from mountain ranges unaffected by humans.

Objectives
We compared landscape-scale patterns of forest distribution in the largest tropical Andean mountain range without high-elevation human occupancy, the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, and a nearby range with a long land-use history, the Cordillera de San Miguel, in Peru.

Methods
We quantified topographical positions (exposition, slope, wetness index) of 12.5 × 12.5-m2 pixels with and without forest cover in 100-m elevational bands and compared the study regions.

Results
In the undisturbed range (Vilcabamba), forest consistently occurred on steeper slopes than non-forest, differing little in other topographic metrics except a slight preference for the less sunny South- and West-facing slopes. In the disturbed range (San Miguel), forest showed little preference for any landscape position at elevations below 3500 m, but at higher elevations patterns were very clear: forest was more restricted to valley bottoms, as indicated consistently by higher topographic wetness and lower slope and topographic position indices, and to the less sunny South-facing slopes.

Conclusions
Land-use has a strong influence on landscape-level forest distribution in this part of the tropical Andes. Similar effects are likely in other tropical mountains, although no reference areas are available in most of them. The patterns described here can support the use of remote sensing to detect minimally disturbed tropical alpine-treeline ecotones, which should be focal points for conservation and research.
Statistical variable selection and causality in the social and behavioral sciences
Authors: Kincaid Harold 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe problem of “variable selection” is a fundamental one across the sciences. In its broadest terms, this problem would be at least part of the general issue of theory selection and comparison. However, there is a more circumscribed problem that concerns primarily the choice of variables for the best fitting model, given some set of data, usually observational in nature, and specific statistical techniques, typically multiple regression. There is a deep strand in econometrics and other applied social, behavioral, and biomedical science statistics to want formal decision rules or algorithms to pick out variables. The paper examines seven such formal procedures using a simulated data set with known causal relations. The conclusion is that seven often-used procedures make systematic causal errors. Some suggestions about better alternatives conclude.
The comprehensibility continuum: a novel method for analysing comprehensibility of patient reported outcome measures
Authors: Gale Victoria , Powell Philip A. , Carlton Jill 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence of comprehensibility is frequently required during the development of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs); the respondent’s interpretation of PROM items needs to align with intended meanings. Cognitive interviews are recommended for investigating PROM comprehensibility, yet guidance for analysis is lacking. Consequently, the quality and trustworthiness of cognitive interview data and analysis is threatened, as there is no clear procedure detailing how analysts can systematically, and consistently, identify evidence that respondent interpretations align/misalign with intended meanings.

Methods
This paper presents a novel, structured approach to comprehensibility analysis - the ‘Comprehensibility Continuum’ – that builds upon existing cognitive interview guidance.

Results
The Comprehensibility Continuum comprises a structured rating scale to code depth of alignment between intended item meaning and respondent interpretation and consists of five main stages: before cognitive interviews are conducted, researchers must (1) Define intended meanings of PROM items; and (2) Determine comprehensibility thresholds for both participant- and item-level. After conducting interviews, they (3) Prepare data by transcribing interviews ‘intelligent’ verbatim; (4) Code transcripts using the Comprehensibility Continuum scale in iterative sets, assigning an overall code for each item at participant-level; and (5) Compare participant-level codes across all participants to determine overall item comprehensibility, such that decisions can be made to retain, modify, or remove items.

Conclusion
Quality in qualitative data analysis is achieved through rigorous methods that are clearly described and justified. Given insufficiency in guidelines, cognitive interviewers must reflect on how best to demonstrate PROM comprehensibility systematically and consistently from interview data, and the Comprehensibility Continuum method offers a potential solution.
Narratives in European debate concerning new genomic techniques
Authors: Napiórkowski Marcin , Nowak Andrzej , Biesaga Mikołaj , Talaga Szymon , von Holstein Erika Staël 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven the complexity of agricultural problems, it is essential to develop acceptable solutions for various stakeholders with diverse knowledge, viewpoints, and preferences. However, European public opinion has become highly polarized, making constructive discussions on these issues difficult. We present the results of the narrative analysis of media debate on new genomic techniques. The study identified two primary narrative groups: ‘precaution-focused’ and ‘innovation-focused.’ The former emphasizes caution, potential risks, and the need for stringent regulation, while the latter highlights benefits, progress, and the promise of genome editing for sustainable agricultural practices. Within each group of narratives, several distinct narratives were identified. The research has revealed that despite the high polarization, the narratives shared important values and beliefs. Going beyond the dividing narratives and concentrating on common values can depolarize the debate and set the stage for new narratives, enabling constructive debate, concentrating on solving problems, and maximizing collective outcomes.
Phosphorus removal from irrigation return flow using an iron oxide filter and denitrifying pine bark bioreactor treatment train
Authors: Dekle Jack L. , Strosnider William H. J. , White Sarah A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDevelopment of low-cost aqueous P removal methods is imperative for water resource protection. This study assessed the contribution of an iron oxide (FeOx) filter for P sorption paired with a denitrifying pine bark bioreactor, quantifying the effect of treatment order on P removal. FeOx filters were placed upstream (order 1) or downstream (order 2) of pine bark bioreactors receiving a continuous flow of simulated irrigation return flow after constructed floating wetland treatment. The FeOx filters removed 0.095 ± 0.01 g P·m−3·d−1 and 0.21 ± 0.01 g P·m−3·d−1 in the spring and fall, respectively. P concentration was reduced from 5.08 to 3.8 mg·L−1 and from 6.72 to 4.5 mg·L−1 in the spring and fall experiments, respectively. The FeOx substrate sorbed 1.49 ± 0.08 mg P·g FeOx−1 in spring and 3.18 ± 0.2 mg P·g FeOx−1 fall experiments. P sorption varied by season due to differences in the load presented to the FeOx filters. Reclaimed FeOx substrates were viable P removal filters, especially during cooler months when the nutrient uptake capacity of constructed floating wetland plants was limited. Overall, findings indicate that FeOx filters can be used as a substrate for P sorption in conjunction with constructed floating wetlands or other plant-based treatment technologies that can be limited by seasonality.