bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of the Costs and Benefits of Outsourcing Vs. Insourcing Cleaning Services in a Rural Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Mujasi Paschal N , Nkosi Zerish Z 
Published: May 2018

Background:This study estimates the net cost benefit of outsourcing cleaning services in a hospital in Uganda. The aim is to demonstrate an approach that can be applied by hospital managers using readily available data to conduct a cost benefit analysis as part of pre-sourcing evaluation.Methods:A before and after design was used to analyze, from the hospital manager’s perspective, the impact of outsourcing cleaning services on the hospital’s costs. Cost and service quality data was collected for the pre- and post- outsourcing period. Net costs of outsourcing were determined using a total cost pre- and post-out-sourcing approach. Benefits were monetized by comparing the costs of outsourcing with the theoretical in-sourcing costs that would be required to achieve the same quality as outsourced cleaning services. The theoretical in-sourcing costs were estimated by weighting the actual insourcing costs by a quality factor based on the hospital manager’s rating of service quality pre- and post-outsourcing. The outcome measures were the net total cost and cost per square meter cleaned for a one-year period.Results:Before adjusting for quality, outsourcing cleaning services were more costly than insourcing, with an annual cost of UGX 644.35 ($ 0.25) and UGX 568.07 ($ 0.22) per square meter cleaned, respectively. After adjusting for quality, outsourcing is cost-beneficial, providing a cost saving of UGX 372.20 ($ 0.14) per square meter cleaned. Sensitivity analysis indicates that cost of the outsourcing contract and manager’s quality rating of outsourced services have the greatest impact on value for money from outsourcing. An annual contract cost above UGX 1000 ($ 0.38) per square meter cleaned makes outsourcing less beneficial, keeping all other factors constant. An average quality rating below 5 for the outsourced service makes outsourcing less beneficial cost wise.Conclusion:Outsourcing resulted in additional hospital expenditure compared to in-sourcing, but also resulted in better quality service. Adjusting for quality makes outsourcing more cost beneficial. The magnitude of the cost benefit is sensitive to the contract value and the managers’ quality rating of the outsourced services.
Randomized Outpatient Trial of Single- and Dual-Hormone Closed-Loop Systems That Adapt to Exercise Using Wearable Sensors
Authors: Castle Jessica R. , El Youssef Joseph , Wilson Leah M. , Reddy Ravi , Resalat Navid , Branigan Deborah , Ramsey Katrina , Leitschuh Joseph , Rajhbeharrysingh Uma , Senf Brian , Sugerman Samuel M. , Gabo Virginia , Jacobs Peter G. 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVEAutomated insulin delivery is the new standard for type 1 diabetes, but exercise-related hypoglycemia remains a challenge. Our aim was to determine whether a dual-hormone closed-loop system using wearable sensors to detect exercise and adjust dosing to reduce exercise-related hypoglycemia would outperform other forms of closed-loop and open-loop therapy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSParticipants underwent four arms in randomized order: dual-hormone, single-hormone, predictive low glucose suspend, and continuation of current care over 4 outpatient days. Each arm included three moderate-intensity aerobic exercise sessions. The two primary outcomes were percentage of time in hypoglycemia (&lt;70 mg/dL) and in a target range (70–180 mg/dL) assessed across the entire study and from the start of the in-clinic exercise until the next meal.RESULTSThe analysis included 20 adults with type 1 diabetes who completed all arms. The mean time (SD) in hypoglycemia was the lowest with dual-hormone during the exercise period: 3.4% (4.5) vs. 8.3% (12.6) single-hormone (P = 0.009) vs. 7.6% (8.0) predictive low glucose suspend (P &lt; 0.001) vs. 4.3% (6.8) current care where pre-exercise insulin adjustments were allowed (P = 0.49). Time in hypoglycemia was also the lowest with dual-hormone during the entire 4-day study: 1.3% (1.0) vs. 2.8% (1.7) single-hormone (P &lt; 0.001) vs. 2.0% (1.5) predictive low glucose suspend (P = 0.04) vs. 3.1% (3.2) current care (P = 0.007). Time in range during the entire study was the highest with single-hormone: 74.3% (8.0) vs. 72.0% (10.8) dual-hormone (P = 0.44).CONCLUSIONSThe addition of glucagon delivery to a closed-loop system with automated exercise detection reduces hypoglycemia in physically active adults with type 1 diabetes.
ANALISIS DESAIN PESAN DAN MATERI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DALAM BUKU AJAR DURUUS AL MUFRADAAT WA AL MUHAADATSAAT AL ‘ARABIYAH
Authors: Mukroji Mukroji 
Published: May 2018

STAIN Purwokerto has target of Arabic learning on campus, thestudents can talk and communicate with fluent Arabic and actively correct . This target would be difficult to achieve if not supported by the mastery of vocabulary and conversation. Therefore , the book "Duruus al Mufradaat wa al Muhaadatsaat al ' Arabiyah" to design messages and material that is in it is one way that this goal can be realized. Design messages and materials in Arabic learning has an important role, because the design of the message and Arabic learning materials has great significance in the achievement of goals that need to be carefully. Message ( message ) is a pattern of sign / symbol , either in the form of words and images, which are intended to change the behavior of cognitive (thinking) , affective (attitude) and psychomotor (acting) a person or group . While the draft (design) is a process of analysis and synthesis that begins with a communication problem and ends with a plan operational solutions. STAIN Purwokerto memiliki target belajar bahasa Arab di kampus, siswa dapat berbicara dan berkomunikasi dengan fasih bahasa Arab dan aktif yang benar . Target ini akan sulit dicapai jika tidak didukung oleh penguasaan kosakata dan percakapan. Oleh karena itu, buku "Duruus al Mufradaat wa al Muhaadatsaat al ' Arabiyah " untuk merancang pesan dan materi yang ada di dalamnya adalah salah satu cara bahwa tujuan ini dapat direalisasikan. Pesan desain dan bahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab memiliki peran penting, karena desain pesan dan materi pembelajaran bahasa Arab memiliki arti besar dalam pencapaian tujuan yang harus hati-hati. Pesan ( message ) adalah pola tanda / simbol, baik dalam bentuk kata-kata dan gambar, yang dimaksudkan untuk mengubah perilaku kognitif (berpikir) , afektif (sikap) dan psikomotor (acting) seseorang atau kelompok . Sedangkan rancangan (design) adalah proses analisis dan sintesis yang diawali dengan masalah komunikasi dan berakhir dengan solusi operasional rencana.
TEOLOGI BENCANA; SOLUSI PENDIDIKAN LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Muhdi Ali 
Published: May 2018

Every person should be able to learn the causes of the disaster among them . This is needed so that people can anticipate and avoid the coming disaster in the days to come . Humans can also learn from history or record of previous ones related disaster or calamity that befell at that time to take a lesson or knowledge about how to respond should disaster. In the next stage, become an important environmental education are given to prepare the various ways in which humans actively to manage their environment properly. Environmental education can also be interpreted as efforts to establish expertise, guidance, and rules to understand and measure the proper relationship between man and his environment, and explain the importance of keeping the environment resources. This work is done for the realization of human prosperous in order to get a degree and a good decent life. Setiap orang harus dapat mempelajari penyebab bencana di antara mereka. Hal ini diperlukan agar masyarakat dapat mengantisipasi dan menghindari datangnya bencana di masa yang akan datang. Manusia juga bisa belajar dari sejarah atau catatan yang sebelumnya bencana atau musibah yang menimpa pada saat itu untuk mengambil pelajaran atau pengetahuan tentang bagaimana menanggapi seharusnya bencana yang terkait. Pada tahap selanjutnya, menjadi pendidikan lingkunganpenting diberikan untuk menyiapkan berbagai cara di mana manusia secara aktif untuk mengelola lingkungan dengan baik. Pendidikan lingkungan juga dapat diartikan sebagai upaya untuk membangun keahlian, bimbingan, dan aturan untuk memahami dan mengukur hubungan yang tepat antara manusia dan lingkungannya, dan menjelaskan pentingnya menjaga sumber daya lingkungan. Upaya ini dilakukan demi terwujudnya sejahtera manusia untuk mendapatkan gelar dan kehidupan yang layak baik.
PERANAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP MINAT DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Maesaroh Siti 
Published: May 2018

The low quality of student learning outcomes is caused by two factors, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors are experienced and internalized factors that affect students' learning process and results include : attitudes toward learning, interest and motivation to learn, learning concentration, while external factors include such things as : the teacher as learning coaches, infrastructure and learning facilities, policies assessment, the social environment of students at school and at home as well as school curriculum . Learn something thatattracts attention, would be more readily accepted than in studying things that do not attract attention, learning this also can not be underestimated or not important. In the case of interest, of course, someone who took an interest in a certain field will be easier to learn the field. Learning course will culminate with school performance achieved which will illustrate the success and success in learning . To achieve good learning, a lot of things that influence it, among others, the learning method used by teachers. Learning achievements will be achieved best when all factors support, such as teaching methods, with an interesting method which can be a bridge to reach the competencies. Rendahnya kualitas hasil belajar siswa disebabkan oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan eksternal . Faktor internal yang berpengalaman dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses belajar siswa dan hasil yang diinternalisasi meliputi: sikap terhadap belajar, minat dan motivasi belajar , konsentrasi belajar, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi hal-hal seperti : guru sebagai pelatih belajar, infrastruktur dan fasilitas belajar, kebijakan penilaian, lingkungan sosial siswa di sekolah dan di rumah serta kurikulum sekolah. Pelajari sesuatu yang menarik perhatian, akan lebih mudah diterima daripada dalam mempelajari hal-hal yang tidak menarik perhatian, belajar ini juga tidak bisa dianggap remeh atau tidak penting. Dalam kasus yang menarik, tentu saja, seseorang yang menaruh minat pada bidang tertentu akan lebih mudah untuk belajar lapangan. Belajar tentunya akan berujung dengan kinerja sekolah yang akan dicapai menggambarkan keberhasilan dan kesuksesan dalam belajar. Untuk mencapai belajar yang baik, banyak hal yang mempengaruhinya, antara lain, metode pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru. Prestasi belajar akan tercapai dengan baik ketika semua faktor mendukung, seperti metode pengajaran, dengan metode yang menarik yang dapat menjadi jembatan untuk mencapai kompetensi.
KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA (Kualifikasi, Kompetensi dan Sertifikasi Guru)
Authors: Sunhaji Sunhaji 
Published: May 2018

One of the characteristics of today's globalization era is that there are various competition in people's life. The globalization era is marked by a variety of scientific progress and the success of technology. The globalized world gives a challenge for people who can compete and deal with it, other wise it can become a threat to those who are not ready to deal with it. The era of globalization is one of the advantages for educated human resources. Education as one of the main pillars of human resource development will be the benchmark for excellence of human resources. A teacher is one of the main pillars for human resource development, without which the education process will not run. Efforts to improve human resources, especially teachers, are mainly by increasing their competences, qualifications and certification of educations. Improving teachers' qualification, competencies and certification of education is a “condicio sine qua non” or an indispensable and essential action for the Indonesian government. Salah satu ciri era global seperti sekarang ini adalah kompetisi dalam berbagai kehidupan, dengan ditandai oleh berbagai kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.Iindividu yang sukses adalah yang dapat bersaing dengan dunia global sehingga era global merupakan tantangan dan sekaligus ancaman bagi mereka yang tidak siap menghadapinya. Salah satu bekal untuk menghadapainya adalah sumber daya manusia yang unggul. Pendidikan sebagai salah satu pilar utama pengembangan SDM akan menjadi tolok ukur sebuah keunggulan SDM. Guru adalah salah orang yang utama dan pertama sebagai pilar peningkatan SDM, tanpa guru proses pendidikan tidak akan berjalan. Upaya peningkatan SDM terutama guru adalah dengan melalui peningkatan kualifikasi dan kompetensi serta sertifikasi pendidik. Peningkatan kualifikasi, kompetensi serta sertifikasi pendidik adalahmerupakan condition sine quanon atau suatu kefardhuan Nasional bagi bangsa Indonesia.
MANAJEMEN PENINGKATAN AKHLAK MULIA DI SEKOLAH BERBASIS ISLAM
Authors: Nursanti Ririn 
Published: May 2018

Moral crisis phenomena experienced by our students are at alarming level. Educational institutions come as enlighten bodies to anticipate such situations by optimizing each part of learning environments in order to build student’s characters comprehensively. There is a need of breakthrough innovation of reliable management programs so that the students can get their ready-to-life skills to face the nowadays phenomena as well as the future ones. This article will elaborate the descriptive study of how to manage noble-character improvements particularly in Islamic School. The study shows that the management of improving noble character in the Islamic School must be performed through the following stagess: planning, organizing, mobilizing, and monitoring. The strategy that can be chosen to implement character-educations management in Islamic schools are as follows: 1) Achieve teachers' commitment to the implementation of moral education (teacher component), 2) Integrate character education into the curriculum (curriculum component), 3) Creating a financial plan in favour of the implementation of moral education (financing component), and 4) Designing and creating a school culture based on moral education (management component). Krisis akhlak yang melanda peserta didik saat ini menjadi fenomena sosial yang cukup memprihatinkan. Lembaga pendidikan sebagai pengemban fungsi konservatif/penyadaran diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan dan memberdayakan semua lingkungan belajar untuk melaksanakan proses pendidikan akhlak secara optimal. Sehingga diperlukan upaya inovatif untuk mengembangkan pendidikan akhlak tersebut agar mampu menghasilkan peserta didik yang ready for life di era globalisasi dengan manajemen yang handal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan manajemen peningkatan akhlak mulia khususnya di sekolah Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen peningkatan akhlak mulia di sekolah harus melalui tahapan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggerakkan, dan pengawasan. Adapun strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengimplementasikan manajemen pendidikan akhlak di sekolah Islam adalah dengan melalui: 1) Mewujudkan komitmen guru dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan akhlak (komponen guru), 2) Mengintegrasikan pendidikan akhlak ke dalam kurikulum (komponen kurikulum), 3) Membuat rencana pembiayaan yang berpihak pada pelaksanaan pendidikan akhlak (komponen pembiayaan), dan 4) Mendesain dan menciptakan budaya sekolah berbasis pendidikan akhlak (komponen pengelolaan.
PENDIDIKAN SEKS BAGI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Aziz Safrudin 
Published: May 2018

Nowadays, sex education for children with special needs becomes a necessity. In term of it, besides based on philosophical and juridical, sex education is the preventive efforts in order that every child with special needs can recognize, understand, handle his/her biological development and change. In addition sex education for children with special needs also aims at guiding them to appreciate other people’s sexual behavior and not to make them being stuck on deviate sex conduct as well as not getting violence and sexual abuse from others. This is because their physical and psychological condition, which has some problems, enables them to be easily manipulated and courted, so that many of them are often stuck to be the object of sexual harassment of irresponsible person. This writing specifically is going to explain the concept of sex education for children with special needs, which includes characteristic of children with special needs, theory of sex education, the anvil of sex education, as well as material, method, and teacher competencies in the implementation of sex education for them. Pendidikan seks bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus kini menjadi sebuah keniscayaan. Perihal tersebut selain didasarkan secara filosofis maupun yuridis, pendidikan seks merupakan upaya preventif agar setiap anak berkebutuhan khusus dapat mengenali, memahami dan mengelola perkembangan dan perubahan secara biologis pada dirinya, menghargai perilaku seks orang lain, serta tidak terjebak pada perilaku seks yang menyimpang ataupun mendapatkan kekerasan dan pelecehan seks dari orang lain. Sebab seiring dengan kondisi fisik dan psikologi yang bermasalah menjadikan anak berkebutuhan khusus mudah dimanipulasi, dirayu, sehingga kerap kali terjebak untuk dijadikan objek pelampiasan syahwat oleh orang yang berkepribadian buruk. Tulisan ini secara khusus akan menguraikan tentang konsep pendidikan seks bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus mencakup karakteristik anak berkebutuhan khusus, teori pendidikan seks, landasan pendidikan seks, materi, metode serta kompetensi guru dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan seks.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP DAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Apsari Nurliana Cipta , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Humaedi Sahadi , Raharjo Santoso Tri , Wibhawa Budhi 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT The rights of children from poor family and geographically unfortunate is violated due to limited access. Assisting families to overcome the access limitation by entrepreneurship is an effort for child protection. The study was conducted at Genteng Village to families with children between 0-18 years old using qualitative methode with in-depth interview technique. The result shows that geographically, the village is located in remote area with limited and unsmooth rocky road. The number of children in the village is high, however the education facilities are not sufficient. The majority of the parents work as farmers which the daily expenses are often greater than the income. These conditions made the children in the village vulnerable of receiving social injustice thus entrepreneurship can be endorsed in addressing poverty in the area. The entrepreneurship potential in the village such as cooperation and various farmers group are supported to enhance the earner of the members to decrease the poor family thus the children can escape from the poverty. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, child protection, social justice ABSTRAK Anak dari keluarga miskin dan secara geografis terisolasi mendapatkan ketidakadilan sosial karena keterbatasan akses. Mendekatkan akses atau membantu mengurangi kesenjangan yang dialami keluarga dengan kegiatan kewirausahaan adalah usaha perlindungan anak. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Genteng kepada orang tua dengan anak usia 0-18 tahun dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menemukan lokasi geografis jauh dari pusat keramaian dengan jalan berkelok dan berbatu. Jumlah anak cukup tinggi, namun fasilitas pendidikan minim. Orang tua mayoritas bertani dengan pengeluaran cenderung lebih banyak daripada pendapatan. Keadaan ini membuat anak di Desa Genteng rawan mendapatkan ketidakadilan sosial, sehingga kewirausahaan menjadi cara mengatasi kemiskinan. Potensi kewirausahaan seperti koperasi, dan kelompok tani teridentifikasi dapat meningkatkan pendapatan di Desa Genteng, sehingga anak-anak dapat terlepas dari rantai kemiskinan. Kata kunci: Kewirausahaan, perlindungan anak, keadilan sosial
ANALISIS STRATEGI BISNIS PADA UMKM KERAJINAN BAMBU DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Bahtiar , Hakim Raden Marsha Aulia , Damiri Devi Melisa , Zahra Fithriya 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTSMEs in Indonesia continue to grow and become one of the economic sectors that can guarantee the lives of a more prosperous society. The increase of SMEs also opening up new jobs for the community so as to reduce unemployment in Indonesia. However this is in line with the increasing levels of competition both on National and International scale. This research will analyze business strategy on SMEs bamboo based craft. This study aims to study and know the Business Strategy on SMEs bamboo crafts in Bandung.The type of research used in this research is descriptive analysis with qualitative approach, and data analysis method used are SWOT Analysis and Porter’s Generic Strategy. The results of this study found that SMEs in this research has implemented Porter's Generic Strategy well. However on a cost leadership strategy only applied by Haur Bamboo, and differentiation and focus strategies are applied by Sari Kurnia and Awi Virage. Keywords: Bamboo craft, business strategy, SWOT, SMEs. ABSTRAKPertumbuhan UMKM di Indonesia setiap tahunnya terus bertambah dan menjadi salah satu sektor ekonomi yang dapat menjamin kehidupan masyarakat lebih sejahtera. Dengan adanya peningkatan UMKM ini juga membuka lapangan pekerjaan baru bagi masyarakat sehingga mampu mengurangi pengangguran di Indonesia. Namun demikian hal ini seiring dengan semakin tingginya tingkat persaingan baik pada skala Nasional maupun Internasional. Penelitian ini akan dianalisis strategi bisnis pada UKM kerajinan berbasis bambu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui Strategi Bisnis pada UKM kerajinan bambu di Kota Bandung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis SWOT dan Porter’s Generic Strategy. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa secara keseluruhan ketiga UMKM dalam penelitian ini telah menerapkan Porter’s Generic Strategy dengan baik. Namun pada strategi keunggulan biaya hanya diterapkan oleh Haur Bamboo, serta strategi diferensiasi dan fokus diterapkan oleh Sari Kurnia dan Virage Awi. Kata kunci : Kerajinan bambu, strategi bisnis, SWOT, UMKM.
Izcara Palacios, Simón Pedro (2016) Coyotaje y migración indocumentada: La teoría de la demanda laboral. Editorial Fontamara
Authors: Entrena-Durán Francisco 
Published: May 2018

Se trata de una reseña del libro
Izcara Palacios, Simón Pedro (2016) Coyotaje y migración indocumentada: La teoría de la demanda laboral. Editorial Fontamara