bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over‐dispersed count data in crop and agronomy research
Authors: Kosma Michał , Studnicki Marcin , Wójcik‐Seliga Justyna , Michalska‐Klimczak Beata , Wyszyński Zdzisław , Wójcik‐Gront Elżbieta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile evaluating plant response to biotic or abiotic stress and genotype–environment interactions and searching causes of yield gap, very often are observed data with non‐normal distributions. One of the commonly encountered types of variables with a non‐normal distribution is count data. Count data are defined as the type of observations which have a positive, non‐zero, integer value. The selection of appropriate probability distributions and model types is very important due to the risk of estimating the variance incorrectly—the phenomenon of over‐dispersion. Increasingly, biologists and agronomists have been using methods based on generalized linear models. However, sometimes, when including count data, they are not aware of or disregard their over‐dispersion. One of the solutions for over‐dispersed count data is to use probability distributions and model types which assume a more flexible mean and variance relationship. Thus, the aim of this study is to present various ways of assessing over‐dispersion. Additionally, we present alternative distributions and discuss other approaches to solve the problem of over‐dispersion in count data sets. As examples in this study are used real data sets from different agricultural experiments. In our study, in one out of the two data sets used, this phenomenon occurred. Thus, in the analysis of count data, instead of using default distribution (usually Poisson distribution), other distributions should be considered because of the possible occurrence of over‐dispersion. We also observed that there is not one universal distribution to use and each data set might need a separate assessment to choose its distribution. For an efficient and proper count data analysis, with potential over‐dispersion, it is important to explore several options, i.e. evaluate models with an alternative to Poisson probability distributions and then make an informed choice.
IL‐35Ig–expressing dendritic cells induce tolerance via Arginase 1
Authors: Panfili Eleonora , Mondanelli Giada , Orabona Ciriana , Bianchi Roberta , Gargaro Marco , Fallarino Francesca , Puccetti Paolo , Grohmann Ursula , Volpi Claudia , Belladonna Maria Laura 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe cytokine interleukin IL‐35 is known to exert strong immunosuppressive functions. Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and Arginase 1 (Arg1) are metabolic enzymes that, expressed by dendritic cells (DCs), contribute to immunoregulation. Here, we explored any possible link between IL‐35 and the activity of those enzymes. We transfected a single chain IL‐35Ig gene construct in murine splenic DCs (DC35) and assessed any IDO1 and Arg1 activities as resulting from ectopic IL‐35Ig expression, both in vitro and in vivo. Unlike Ido1, Arg1 expression was induced in vitro in DC35, and it conferred an immunosuppressive phenotype on those cells, as revealed by a delayed‐type hypersensitivity assay. Moreover, the in vivo onset of a tolerogenic phenotype in DC35 was associated with the detection of CD25+CD39+, rather than Foxp3+, regulatory T cells. Therefore, Arg1, but not Ido1, expression in DC35 appears to be an early event in IL‐35Ig–mediated immunosuppression.
Metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in organ transplant recipients and the immunocompetent population: is there a difference? a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Genders R.E. , Weijns M.E. , Dekkers O.M. , Plasmeijer E.I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundOrgan transplant recipients (OTR) have a higher risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) compared to the immunocompetent population. Immunosuppression is often stated as a risk factor for metastasis. However, evidence for this is scarce.ObjectivesTo investigate the cSCC metastasis risk in OTR and the immunocompetent population by systematically reviewing the literature.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed up to January 2018 using: Medline; Embase; Web of Science and ISI Science Citation Index. Studies assessing cSCC metastasis risk in ORT or immunocompetent cohorts were considered. A pooled risk estimate for metastasis was calculated for the immunocompetent population and OTR separately.ResultsThe pooled metastasis risk estimate for OTR was, respectively, 7.3% (95% CI 6.2–8.4) for cSCC on total body, and 11.0% (95% CI 7.7–14.8) for cSCC of the head neck area. For the immunocompetent population reported risk estimate analysis showed a pooled metastatic risk of 3.1% (95% CI 2.8–3.4) in total body cSCC and of 8.5% (95% CI 7.3–9.8) in cSCC of the head and neck area.Pooled risk estimate per single cSCC in OTR was 1.3% (95% CI 1.0–1.7) in total body cSCC and 4.0% (95% CI 2.7–5.5) in cSCC of the head and neck area. In the immunocompetent population, these pooled risk estimates were, respectively, 2.4% (95% CI 2.1–2.6) and 6.7% (95% CI 5.7–7.8).ConclusionsOrgan transplant recipients show a higher overall risk of cSCC metastasis compared to the immunocompetent population. Metastasis risks per single cSCC were substantially lower in both groups. However, due to heterogeneity and differences between studies, comparisons are difficult. Comprehensive follow‐up studies with defined cohorts are necessary to adequately asses the risk for cSCC metastasis.
Impact of phagostimulants on effectiveness of OMRI‐listed insecticides used for control of spotted‐wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura)
Authors: Roubos Craig R. , Gautam Bal K. , Fanning Philip D. , Van Timmeren Steven , Spies Janine , Liburd Oscar E. , Isaacs Rufus , Curry Shane , Little Brian A. , Sial Ashfaq A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSpotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is an invasive pest in the United States that causes considerable damage to fruit crops. It is responsible for many millions of dollars of revenue loss. The female D. suzukii has a heavily sclerotized ovipositor and can lay eggs in ripening or ripe fruit. The arrival of this invasive species has disrupted existing integrated pest management programmes, and growers rely on repeated insecticide applications to protect fruit. Organic growers have few chemical control options, and their reliance on spinosad increases the risk of developing insecticide resistance. We hypothesized that combining phagostimulants with insecticides would increase insecticide efficacy by prompting flies to spend more time in contact with residues. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sucrose and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as phagostimulants in combination with organic biopesticides against D. suzukii in blueberries. Adding sucrose with or without yeast did not improve insecticide efficacy in terms of adult fly mortality or fruit infestation. Spinosad was very effective in all experiments, and for this product, there is little room for improvement. The phagostimulants had no effect on residual activity of any insecticide. The addition of sucrose with or without yeast did not improve the effectiveness of organic insecticides for D. suzukii. Concentrations of these phagostimulants in our experiments (0.36%) may have been too low to elicit a response. Further research is recommended to test different types and concentrations of phagostimulants.
The multiple faces of practical wisdom in complex clinical practices: An empirical exploration
Authors: Bontemps‐Hommen Marij C.M.L. , Vosman Frans J.H. , Baart Andries J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesIn recent publications, attention has been drawn to the importance of practical wisdom in order to ensure good, individually attuned care in complex clinical practices. However, what remains insufficiently elucidated is how practical wisdom emerges in the workplace. This study aims to describe manifestations of practical wisdom in medical practices within a general hospital. It also seeks to clarify the interruptions that can be considered as triggers for the emergence of practical wisdom. Furthermore, we searched for figurations, which possibly elicit or constrain the emergence of practical wisdom.MethodsWe used 10 thick descriptions of very distinct patient cases to carry out an explorative qualitative heuristic in‐depth analysis.ResultsThese varied cases enabled us to describe diverse manifestations of practical wisdom; in addition, we were able to discern 10 different “interruptions” that triggered practical wisdom, and finally, we hypothesize that certain infrastructural figurations might facilitate the manifestation of practical wisdom.ConclusionsWe found that practical wisdom frequently emerged in unexpected and diverse guises in these clinical practices, although the “interruptions” that we discovered did not automatically trigger practical wisdom. We have investigated the figurations mentioned only to a limited degree. More empirical research is needed to make the philosophical concept of practical wisdom better manageable for clinical practices and to gain better understanding of the figurations that elicit or obstruct its manifestation.
The Response of Litter‐Associated Myxomycetes to Long‐Term Nutrient Addition in a Lowland Tropical Forest
Authors: Walker Laura M. , Cedeño‐Sanchez Marjorie , Carbonero Franck , Herre Edward Allen , Turner Benjamin L. , Wright S. Joseph , Stephenson Steven L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMyxomycetes (plasmodial slime molds) are abundant protist predators that feed on bacteria and other microorganisms, thereby playing important roles in terrestrial nutrient cycling. Despite their significance, little is known about myxomycete communities and the extent to which they are affected by nutrient availability. We studied the influence of long‐term addition of N, P, and K on the myxomycete community in a lowland forest in the Republic of Panama. In a previous study, microbial biomass increased with P but not N or K addition at this site. We hypothesized that myxomycetes would increase in abundance in response to P but that they would not respond to the sole addition of N or K. Moist chamber cultures of leaf litter and small woody debris were used to quantify myxomycete abundance. We generated the largest myxomycete dataset (3,381 records) for any single locality in the tropics comprised by 91 morphospecies. In line with our hypothesis, myxomycete abundance increased in response to P addition but did not respond to N or K. Community composition was unaffected by nutrient treatments. This work represents one of very few large‐scale and long‐term field studies to include a heterotrophic protist highlighting the feasibility and value in doing so.
Multidisciplinary Implant Rehabilitation of a Patient with Cleidocranial Dysostosis: A Journey from Age 13 to 21
Authors: Ambard Alberto J. , Clemens Stephen , Phillips Daniel S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis clinical report describes the multidisciplinary oral rehabilitation of a teenage female patient with cleidocranial dysostosis, whose treatment was started in her teenage years. The unique challenges of delayed intervention are described in this report, highlighting the surgical, orthodontic, and prosthodontic care the patient received from age 13 to 21. Maintaining as many natural teeth as possible, orthodontically erupting impacted teeth using a mandibular provisional fixed implant prosthesis as anchor, crowning several natural teeth, and rehabilitating edentulous areas with fixed implant restorations provided the patient with esthetic and functional outcomes.
Double Full‐Arch Fixed Implant‐Supported Prostheses: Outcomes and Complications after a Mean Follow‐Up of 5 Years
Authors: Papaspyridakos Panos , Bordin Thaisa Barizan , Natto Zuhair S. , Kim Yong‐Jeong , El‐Rafie Khaled , Tsigarida Alexandra , Chochlidakis Konstantinos , Weber Hans‐Peter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeTo retrospectively assess complications and clinical and radiographic outcomes of edentulous patients treated with double full‐arch implant‐supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) after a mean observation period of 5.1 years.Materials and MethodsThe single‐visit clinical and radiographic examination included medical and dental history review and clinical assessment of biologic and technical complications encountered with all implants and IFCDPs. Life table analysis and Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were calculated. Analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between prosthesis survival and several risk factors such as type of opposing occlusion, nightguard use, and presence of bruxism.ResultsNineteen edentulous patients restored with 38 IFCDPs were included. A total of 249 implants were placed and 2 implants failed after a mean observation period of 5.1 years (range: 1‐12 years), yielding an overall implant survival rate of 99.2% and prosthesis survival rate of 92.1%. Three out of 38 IFCDPs were lost, 1 after implant losses and 2 due to technical complications. The most frequent minor biologic complication was soft tissue recession with an estimated 5‐year rate of 45.5% (95% CI: 39.4‐57.5), while the most frequent major complication was peri‐implantitis with an estimated 5‐year implant‐based rate of 9.5% (95% CI: 6.7‐11.3). The most frequent minor technical complication was wear of the prosthetic material with an estimated 5‐year rate of 49.0% (95% CI: 37.4‐76.4), while the most frequent major technical complication was fracture of the prosthetic material with an estimated 5‐year dental unit‐based rate of 8.0% (95% CI: 6.6‐10.1).ConclusionsAfter a mean use time of 5.1 years, high implant and prosthesis survival rates were observed. The most frequent major biologic complication was peri‐implantitis, and the most frequent major technical complication was fracture of the prosthetic material. The 5‐year estimated cumulative rates for “prosthesis free of biologic complications” was 50.7% (95% CI: 33.7‐65.4) and for “prosthesis free of technical complications” was 57.1% (95% CI: 39.3‐71.5).
Splitting Risks in Insurance Markets With Adverse Selection
Authors: Picard Pierre 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe characterize the design of insurance schemes when policyholders face several insurable risks in a context of adverse selection. Splitting risks emerges as a feature of second‐best Pareto optimality. This may take the form of risk‐specific contracts, or of contracts where risks are bundled but subject to differential coverage rules, such as risk‐specific copayments combined with a deductible or a cap on coverage.
Within‐industry agglomeration of occupations: Evidence from census microdata
Authors: Goldman Benjamin , Klier Thomas , Walstrum Thomas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study uses worker‐level data on industry, occupation, and place of work to explore differences in the spatial properties of production, administrative, and R&D occupation groups within industries. To measure differences, we calculate location quotients at the local labor market level and the Duranton and Overman (2005) agglomeration index for each group. We find appreciable differences in the spatial distribution of occupation groups within most manufacturing industries, with R&D occupations consistently exhibiting the highest degree of spatial concentration. Our results are consistent with the core theoretical and empirical results in the agglomeration literature.
Textural and compositional evidence for in situ crystallization of palisade bodies in coarse‐grained Ca‐Al‐rich inclusions
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Lin Yangting , Leya Ingo , Tang Guoqiang , Liu Yu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPalisade bodies, mineral assemblages with spinel shells, in coarse‐grained Ca‐, Al‐rich inclusions (CAIs) have been considered either as exotic “mini‐CAIs” captured by their host inclusions (Wark and Lovering ) or as in situ crystallization products of a bubble‐rich melt (Simon and Grossman ). In order to clarify their origins, we conducted a comprehensive study of palisade bodies in an Allende Type B CAI (BBA‐7), using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), micro‐computed tomography (Micro‐CT), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). New observations support the in situ crystallization mechanism: early/residual melt infiltrated into spinel‐shelled bubbles and crystallized inside. Evidence includes (1) continuous crystallography of anorthite from the interior of the palisade body to the surrounding host; (2) partial consolidation of two individual palisade bodies revealed by micro‐CT; (3) a palisade body was entirely enclosed in a large anorthite crystal, and the anorthite within the palisade body shows the same crystallographic orientation as the anorthite host; and (4) identical chemical and oxygen isotopic compositions of the constituent minerals between the palisade bodies and the surrounding host. Oxygen isotopic compositions of the major minerals in BBA‐7 are bimodal‐distributed. Spinel and fassaite are uniformly 16O‐rich with ∆17O = −23.3 ± 1.5‰ (2SD), and melilite and anorthite are homogeneously 16O‐poor with ∆17O = −3.2 ± 0.7‰ (2SD). The latter ∆17O value overlaps with that of the Allende matrix (∆17O ~ −2.87‰) (Clayton and Mayeda ), which could be explained by secondary alteration with a 16O‐poor fluid in the parent body. The mobility of fluid could be facilitated by the high porosity (1.56–2.56 vol%) and connectivity (~0.17–0.55 vol%) of this inclusion.
Sacral nerve modulation for irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled crossover study
Authors: Fassov Janne , Lundby Lilli , Laurberg Søren , Krogh Klaus 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is among the most common gastrointestinal disorders, and a substantial proportion of patients have an insufficient response to treatment. In a single‐blinded study, sacral nerve modulation (SNM) significantly reduced symptoms of IBS. The aim of the present double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled study was to evaluate the effect of SNM for IBS.MethodsWe included patients with diarrhea‐predominant or mixed IBS and a minimum baseline IBS‐specific symptom score of 40 points (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale‐IBS version). Patients underwent a 6‐week period of SNM. In the first 4 weeks, the patients were randomized 1:1 to have the neurostimulator set subsensory or OFF for 2 weeks and then the opposite for another 2 weeks. Patients and investigators were blinded to settings. In the remaining 2 weeks, the stimulation was set suprasensory. IBS‐specific symptoms and quality of life were assessed with validated questionnaires and bowel diaries.Key ResultsTwenty‐one patients were randomized and eligible for analysis. The IBS‐specific symptom score was reduced with borderline significance during stimulation (subsensory‐OFF median change −1 (−26, 9), OFF‐subsensory median change 8 (−11, 36); P = 0.0572). Pain was significantly reduced during stimulation (subsensory‐OFF median change −1.5 (−4, 1), OFF‐subsensory median change 1 (−4, 3); P = 0.0188), along with the number of daily bowel movements (subsensory‐OFF median change 0 (−1.8, 0.2), OFF‐subsensory median change 0.2 (−0.5, 1.1); P = 0.0373). The median placebo effect was 14% (0, 55).Conclusion and InferencesSacral nerve modulation for IBS seems promising but should be considered experimental until larger multicenter studies have been performed.
Guilt experienced by caregivers to individuals with dementia: A concept analysis
Authors: Prunty Maggie M. , Foli Karen J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimTo create a comprehensive understanding and definition of guilt in caregivers of individuals with dementia. Through this concept analysis, we hope to empower nurses to more accurately identify guilt in caregivers and tailor interventions to specifically reduce these symptoms of guilt.BackgroundIndividuals with dementia are often cared for by relatives, friends and neighbours. Many caregivers express feelings of guilt, increasing the risk of depression and psychological burden. In turn, this impacts their availability to render care.DesignConcept analysis according to Walker and Avant (Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall; 2011).MethodA literature search was completed utilising the following databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar for the years 2003–2017. Common definitions and lay usage were also considered.ResultsThe identified critical attributes of guilt experienced by caregivers to individuals with dementia include the following: (a) The expectation of a moral responsibility to care for the individual with dementia; (b) a negative, subjective appraisal of one’s own caregiving performance, including neglecting other roles and responsibilities and self‐neglect; and (c) a sense of transgression or violation of a moral standard as a caregiver to the individual with dementia. These defining attributes were then applied in three cases: model, borderline and contrary. Pertinent antecedents and consequences to the concept of guilt in caregivers to individuals with dementia were identified.DiscussionAs a result of the guilt, the caregiver may experience poor mental and physical health, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and a greater sense of caregiver burden.ConclusionA new, comprehensive conceptual definition of guilt in caregivers to individuals with dementia is described.Implications for practiceA conceptual definition of guilt in caregivers of individuals with dementia allows nurses to assess and identify caregivers at risk for, or currently experiencing, guilt and help direct caregivers to appropriate interventions and supportive services.
Combined orthodontic and surgical treatment in PTH1R‐negative ‘primary failure of eruption’‐like anomalies: report of two cases with satisfactory long‐term response to traction
Authors: Perrin J.‐P. , Millot G. , Isidor B. , Salagnac J.‐M. , Corre P. , Khonsari R.H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionPrimary failure of eruption (PFE) is a sporadic or inherited disorder of dental eruption that can be caused by mutations in the PTH1R gene. PFE typically manifests as a severe posterior open bite. Orthodontic treatment is considered ineffective in PFE.Case presentationHere, we report two unrelated PTH1R‐negative cases of severe eruption disorders presenting several of the typical clinical features of PFE, and where we tracted the impacted teeth using Bollard bone anchors.ManagementWe managed to obtain a satisfactory occlusion in both cases without extended ankylosis induced by the orthodontic movements based on bone anchors.OutcomeThese cases underline the need for a better understanding of the genetics of dental eruption disorders related to PFE before establishing strict clinical guidelines ruling out potentially efficient orthodontic management protocols within the PFE spectrum.