bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new occurrence of retrogressed eclogite from the Sanbagawa belt of southwest Japan and its significance
Authors: Taguchi Tomoki , Endo Shunsuke , Igami Yohei , Miyake Akira 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe present paper reports, for the first time, the occurrence of an omphacite‐bearing mafic schist from the Asemi‐gawa region of the Sanbagawa belt (southwest Japan). The mafic schist occurs as thin layers within pelitic schist of the albite–biotite zone. Omphacite in the mafic schist only occurs as inclusions in garnet, and albite is the major Na phase in the matrix, suggesting that the mafic schist represents highly retrogressed eclogite. Garnet grains in the sample show prograde‐type compositional zoning with no textural or compositional break, and contain mineral inclusions of omphacite, quartz, glaucophane, barroisite/hornblende, epidote and titanite. In addition to the petrographic observations, Raman spectroscopy and focused ion beam system–transmission electron microscope analyses were used for identification of omphacite in the sample. The omphacite in the sample shows a strong Raman peak at 678 cm−1, and concomitant Raman peaks are all consistent with those of the reference omphacite Raman spectrum. The selected area electron diffraction pattern of the omphacite is compatible with the common P2/n omphacite structure. Quartz inclusions in the mafic schist preserve high residual pressure values of Δω1 > 8.5 cm−1, corresponding to the eclogite facies conditions. The combination of Raman geothermobarometries and garnet–clinopyroxene geothermometry gives peak pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions of 1.7–2.0 GPa and 440–540 °C for the mafic schist. The peak P–T values are comparable to those of the schistose eclogitic rocks in other Sanbagawa eclogite units of Shikoku. These findings along with previous age constraints suggest that most of the Sanbagawa schistose eclogites and associated metasedimentary rocks share similar simple P–T histories along the Late Cretaceous subduction zone.
Molecular characterization of edible vegetable oils via free fatty acid and triacylglycerol fingerprints by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Yongyong , Jiang Bin , Lou Yongjiang , Shi Quan , Zhuang Rongyu , Zhan Zhao‐Wen 
Published: June 2019

SummaryFree fatty acids (FFAs) and triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the main components of edible vegetable oils. In this work, electrospray ionisation (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR MS) was employed to characterise the molecular composition of FFAs and TAGs in various vegetable oils, including soybean, rapeseed, corn, sunflower, peanut, linseed and olive oils. Semiquantitative analysis of FFAs and structural analysis of TAGs by MS/MS were further conducted to reveal the differences in the molecular compositions of the various vegetable oils. It was found that each vegetable oil has characteristic fingerprints of FFAs and TAGs. MS/MS measurements showed that the high‐abundance TAGs in each vegetable oil were mainly composed of their abundant FFAs and glycerol. FFA and TAG fingerprints of genetically modified (GM) and nongenetically modified (non‐GM) vegetable oils were similar, exhibiting only subtle differences, as confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA).
Re‐storying the Business, Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Concepts: The Model‐Narrative Review Method
Authors: Hakala Henri , O'Shea Gregory , Farny Steffen , Luoto Seppo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe propose a novel literature review method in order to systematically trace and reveal the dominant narratives of a body of literature: themodel‐narrativereview method. We apply this method to an ever‐growing literature on ecosystems in business studies, as it resembles a rich knowledge base with somewhat competing, overarching stories, replete with emplotted characters, systematic puzzles and embellished scientific drama. To interpret these unfolding storylines, we both separately engage with and connect seminal work on business, entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystems. Throughthematic readingwe map the key themes and scientific puzzles in each ecosystem type. Throughenstoried readingwe identify how authors construct the plot, narrative setting, emplotted characters, narrative voices and moral lessons around ecosystems. Throughrhetorical readingwe explicate the rhetorical devices and strategies that claim the relevance of their work. Our findings expose a number of hidden meanings and underlying assumptions, adding transparency to ecosystem rhetorics and enhancing conceptual clarity. Altogether, this method offers a systematic construction ofmodel‐narrativesto synthesize and critically reflect upon similarities and differences between related concepts and opens up space for alternative research questions.
The relationship between work environment and career success among nurses with a master's or doctoral degree: A national cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Lixin , Tian Shuangyue , Wu Jie , Lu Jie , Wang Feifei , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate the career success and work environment among nurses with a master's or doctoral degree and analyse the effect of work environment on their career success.MethodsThis was a national descriptive, cross‐sectional study. A total of 1223 nurses with a master's or doctoral degree from 115 tertiary hospitals across mainland China participated in the study. Subscales of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index and career success scale were utilized for data collection via email in the summer of 2017. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the collected data.ResultsThe research showed that the career success and work environment ratings of nurses with a master's or doctoral degree were at a moderate level. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that work environment was positively correlated with career success for three of the four subscales.ConclusionThe career success and work environment is moderate among nurses with a master's or doctoral degree, and improving the work environment for nurses may lead to higher career success.
Internal control quality and relationship‐specific investments by suppliers and customers
Authors: Lai Shu‐Miao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the association between the quality of internal control over financial reporting (ICOFR) and relationship‐specific investments by suppliers/customers. I find a significant negative association between the disclosure of a material weakness (MW) in ICOFR and changes in the relationship‐specific investments of suppliers/customers. Relationship‐specific investments of suppliers/customers have a stronger negative association with inventory‐related MW. The negative association between MW disclosures and the relationship‐specific investments of suppliers/customers is stronger when economic dependence between the firms and the suppliers/customers is more important and when the suppliers/customers have greater bargaining power. Also, suppliers/customers significantly increase their relationship‐specific investments following the remediation of ineffective ICOFR. Overall, my findings show that a firm's quality of ICOFR affects the relationship‐specific investment decisions of suppliers/customers.
Phylogeography of the highly dispersible landscape‐dominant woody species complex,Metrosideros, in Hawaii
Authors: Stacy Elizabeth Ann , Sakishima Tomoko 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimLittle is known about how diversification occurs within long‐lived, highly dispersible and continuously distributed groups. We examined the distribution of genetic variation within the woody genusMetrosiderosacross the Hawaiian Islands for insights into how diversification occurs within this animal‐pollinated, wind‐dispersed group. Among Hawaiian plants,Metrosiderosis unique in its formation of continuous stands within islands that span a remarkable range of environments and comprise numerous predominantly single‐island taxa.LocationHawaiian Islands.TaxonMetrosideros.MethodsWe performed population genetic analyses of variation at nine nuclear microsatellite loci from 1,486 adults of 23Metrosiderosmorphotypes sampled from five main Hawaiian Islands plus additional Pacific Island populations.ResultsAmerican Samoa and Tahiti populations clustered most closely with the older islands. Results also revealed isolation by distance across the archipelago, clustering of populations predominantly by island, and evidence of multiple colonizations or back‐colonizations of three islands. The number of genetic clusters peaked on islands of intermediate age, coincident with peak morphotype richness. All islands comprised a broad range of genetic distances among taxa with the greatest overall genetic distance observed on Oahu. The two taxa that are distributed broadly across the archipelago were weakly but significantly differentiated only on volcanically active Hawaii Island, where they partition early‐ and late‐successional environments. One of these taxa was positioned centrally both within individual‐island splitstree networks and across the archipelago‐wide network.Main conclusionsDistance‐dependent gene flow contributes to isolation ofMetrosiderosacross islands, especially on terminal islands. Morphological diversity likely accumulates rapidly within this group, likely associated with differential adaptation across heterogeneous environments, but isolation of gene pools through speciation within continuousMetrosiderosstands likely requires persistent disruptive selection where environments are stable for long periods. The generalist, wet‐forestM.polymorphavar.glaberrimamay play a central role in the generation of the group's many, largely island‐endemic, taxa.
The urokinase‐type plasminogen activator system as drug target in retinitis pigmentosa: New pre‐clinical evidence in the rd10 mouse model
Authors: Cammalleri Maurizio , Dal Monte Massimo , Locri Filippo , Pecci Valeria , De Rosa Mario , Pavone Vincenzo , Bagnoli Paola 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is characterized by progressive loss of vision due to photoreceptor degeneration leading to secondary inflammation. The urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) system contributes to retinal inflammation, but its role in RP is unknown. In the rd10 mouse model of RP, we addressed this question with the use of the peptide UPARANT designed to interact with the uPA system. UPARANT was systemically administered from post‐natal day (PD) 10 to PD30 when its efficacy in RP rescue was investigated using electroretinographic recordings, Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Temporal profile of protein expression in the uPA system was also investigated. UPARANT reduced both Müller cell gliosis and up‐regulated levels of inflammatory markers and exerted major anti‐apoptotic effects without influencing the autophagy cascade. Rescue from retinal cell degeneration was accompanied by improved retinal function. No scotopic phototransduction was rescued in the UPARANT‐treated animals as determined by the kinetic analysis of rod‐mediated a‐waves and confirmed by rod photoreceptor markers. In contrast, the cone photopic b‐wave was recovered and its rescue was confirmed in the whole mounts using cone arrestin antibody. Investigation of the uPA system regulation over RP progression revealed extremely low levels of uPA and its receptor uPAR both of which were recovered by HIF‐1α stabilization indicating that HIF‐1 regulates the expression of the uPA/uPAR gene in the retina. Ameliorative effects of UPARANT were likely to occur through an inhibitory action on up‐regulated activity of the αvβ3 integrin/Rac1 pathway that was suggested as a novel target for the development of therapeutic approaches against RP.
Overexpression of LncRNA GHET1 predicts an unfavourable survival and clinical parameters of patients in various cancers
Authors: Jiang Yao‐Fei , Zhang Hong‐Yan , Ke Jin , Shen Hui , Ou Hai‐Bin , Liu Yu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRecently, increasing studies have reported that long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) gastric carcinoma highly expressed transcript 1 (GHET1) is highly expressed in variety of cancers and relevant to poor prognosis of cancer patients. Nevertheless, the results were inconsistent and the systematic analysis of lncRNA GHET1 in cancers has not been inspected. Thus, we aim to evaluate the relationship between lncRNA GHET1 expression and clinical outcomes in human cancers. We searched keywords in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrial.gov. Stata SE12.0 software was used in the quantitative meta‐analysis. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (95% Cl) were calculated to evaluate the clinical significance of lncRNA GHET1. Twelve studies totalling 761 patients with cancers were included for analysis. The pooled results of this study indicated that high lncRNA GHET1 expression level was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS, HR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.75‐3.02) in human cancers. The statistical significance was also detected in subgroup analysis stratified by analysis method, cancer type, sample size and follow‐up time respectively. In addition, the elevated lncRNA GHET1 expression was also significantly related to more advanced clinical stage, earlier lymph node metastasis, earlier distant metastasis and bigger tumour size. LncRNA GHET1 may serve as a promising biomarker for prognosis in Asians with cancers.
The role of functional constraints in nonrandom mating patterns for a dance fly with female ornaments
Authors: Murray Rosalind L. , Gwynne Darryl T. , Bussière Luc F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMost hypotheses to explain nonrandom mating patterns invoke mate choice, particularly in species that display elaborate ornaments. However, conflicting selection pressures on traits can result in functional constraints that can also cause nonrandom mating patterns. We tested for functional load‐lifting constraints during aerial copulation in Rhamphomyia longicauda, a species of dance fly that displays multiple extravagant female‐specific ornaments that are unusual among sexual traits because they are under stabilizing selection. R. longicauda males provide females with a nuptial gift before engaging in aerial mating, and the male bears the entire weight of the female and nuptial gift for the duration of copulation. In theory, a male's ability to carry females and nuptial gifts could constrain pairing opportunities for the heaviest females, as reported for nonornamented dance flies. In concert with directional preferences for large females with mature eggs, such a load‐lifting constraint could produce the stabilizing selection on female size previously observed in this species. We therefore tested whether wild‐caught male R. longicauda collected during copulation were experiencing load‐lift limitations by comparing the mass carried by males during copulation with the male's wing loading traits. We also performed permutation tests to determine whether the loads carried by males during copulation were lighter than expected. We found that heavier males are more often found mating with heavier females suggesting that whereas R. longicauda males do not experience a load‐lift constraint, there is a strong relationship of assortative mating by mass. We suggest that active male mate choice for intermediately adorned females is more likely to be causing the nonrandom mating patterns observed in R. longicauda.
Sexual selection and the evolution of sperm morphology in sharks
Authors: Rowley Amy , Locatello Lisa , Kahrl Ariel , Rego Mariana , Boussard Annika , Garza‐Gisholt Eduardo , Kempster Ryan M. , Collin Shaun P. , Giacomello Eva , Follesa Maria C. , Porcu Cristina , Evans Jonathan P. , Hazin Fabio , Garcia‐Gonzalez Francisco , Daly‐Engel Toby , Mazzoldi Carlotta , Fitzpatrick John L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPost‐copulatory sexual selection, and sperm competition in particular, is a powerful selective force shaping the evolution of sperm morphology. Although mounting evidence suggests that post‐copulatory sexual selection influences the evolution of sperm morphology among species, recent evidence also suggests that sperm competition influences variation in sperm morphology at the intraspecific level. However, contradictory empirical results and limited taxonomic scope have led to difficulty in assessing the generality of sperm morphological responses to variation in the strength of sperm competition. Here, we use phylogenetically controlled analyses to explore the effects of sperm competition on sperm morphology and variance in sharks, a basal vertebrate group characterized by wide variation in rates of multiple mating by females, and consequently sperm competition risk. Our analyses reveal that shark species experiencing greater levels of sperm competition produce sperm with longer flagella and that sperm flagellum length is less variable in species under higher sperm competition risk. In contrast, neither the length of the sperm head and midpiece nor variation in sperm head and midpiece length was associated with sperm competition risk. Our findings demonstrate that selection influences both the inter‐ and intraspecific variation in sperm morphology and suggest that the flagellum is an important target of sexual selection in sharks. These findings provide important insight into patterns of selection on the ejaculate in a basal vertebrate lineage.
Association of Symptoms of Obstructive Lung Disease and All‐Cause Mortality in Older Adult Smokers
Authors: Opina Maria Theresa D. , Nicklas Barbara J. , Lovato James F. , Files Daniel C. , Kritchevsky Stephen B. , Moore Wendy C. 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVESThis study aims to investigate the impact of respiratory symptoms in current and former smokers with and without obstructive lung disease (OLD) on all‐cause mortality.DESIGNSecondary analysis in a prospective cohort (the Health, Aging and Body Composition study).SETTINGMemphis, Tennessee, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.PARTICIPANTSBlack and white men and women with a history of current and former smoking (N = 596; 63% male and 37% female) aged 70‐79 years followed for 13 years. Participants were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups based on symptom profile and forced expiratory volume in the 1st second to forced vital capacity ratio. The groups were Less Dyspnea‐No OLD (N = 196), More Dyspnea‐No OLD (N = 104), Less Dyspnea‐With OLD (N = 162), and More Dyspnea‐With OLD (N = 134).MEASUREMENTSAll‐cause mortality.RESULTSOverall, 53% in Less Dyspnea‐No OLD, 63% in More Dyspnea‐No OLD, 67% in Less Dyspnea‐With OLD, and 84% in More Dyspnea‐With OLD died within the 13‐ year follow up period (log‐rank χ2 = 44.4, P < .0001). The hazard ratio was highest for participants with OLD, both with (HR =1.91, 95% CI 1.44 ‐ 2.54; P < .0001) and without dyspnea (HR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.15 ‐ 2.02; p = .004). Participants without OLD but with dyspnea had a similar risk of death to subjects who had OLD but fewer symptoms.CONCLUSIONSOLD is associated with high risk of death with different risk profiles based on symptom group. Patients with symptoms of shortness of breath without OLD should be considered an at‐risk group given their similar mortality to those with OLD with minimal symptoms. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2116–2122, 2019
Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the salivary flow of patients with hyposalivation induced by radiotherapy in the head and neck region—A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Dalbem Paim Émille , Costa Batista Berbert Monalise , Gonzales Zanella Virgilio , Beatris Martins Vera , Edler Macagnan Fabricio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHyposalivation is a frequent complication after treatment with radiotherapy. To evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the hyposalivation assessed through stimulated salivary flow (SSF). In this clinical trial, 68 patients (with hyposalivation) were randomly assigned to control (n = 31) or TENS (n = 37) group. Participants in control group received habitual care, while those in TENS group received 8 sessions (20 minutes each) delivered twice a week for four weeks. The electrodes were attached over the skin covering the salivary glands. The electric pulse was adjusted at a frequency of 50 Hz, pulse width of 250 μs and as intense as tolerated. SSF was evaluated through sialometry. Self‐perception of salivary flow (SPSF) and quality of life (QL) was evaluated prior to, during and at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. Although no changes were observed in the control group for SSF at any timepoints, TENS group showed a progressive increase in SSF from the third session until the end of the treatment. Significant improvements were also found in SPSF, especially when the SSF reached values ≥0.7 mL/minute. The most expressive results were evident at 6 months after treatment so that SSF, SPSF and QL remained significantly higher (F = 9.5, P = 0.0001; H = 143.77, P < 0.0001; χ2 = 9.162, P = 0.02, respectively). TENS was effective at improving hyposalivation. The benefits on SSF, SPSF and QL give base to a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with hyposalivation after radiotherapy treating head and neck cancer.
Accuracy of Scanned Stock Abutments Using Different Intraoral Scanners: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Kim Jong‐Eun , Hong Young‐Sun , Kang You‐Jung , Kim Jee‐Hwan , Shim June‐Sung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeTo determine the accuracy of a digital manufacturing method for dental implant restorations on stock abutments using intraoral scanners and prefabricated stock‐abutment libraries.Materials and MethodsTwo dental implants with internal hexagonal connections were placed in the mandibular second premolar and second molar areas of a partially edentulous dentoform model; stock abutments with a diameter of 5 mm, abutment height of 5.5 mm, and gingival cuff height of 2 mm were connected. The study model was scanned 10 times using a reference tabletop scanner and 5 types of intraoral scanners (IOSs). The data collected by 5 types of IOSs were divided into 3 groups, based on the type and matching of stock abutment library data: no library, optical library, and contact library groups. A total of 160 data files were analyzed, including reference data. The resulting data were used to evaluate trueness and precision.ResultsTrueness and precision values in the group in which library data of the stock abutment were not used were 42.0 to 76.3 µm and 30.5 to 99.7 µm; corresponding values when the library data using an optical scanner were matched were 51.2 to 73.4 µm and 26.3 to 62.8 µm, and those when contact scanner library data were used were 30.1 to 62.4 µm and 15.5 to 55.9 µm. Thus, the accuracy of the contact library group was significantly higher than the accuracies of the no library (p < 0.001) and optical library groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe application of prefabricated library data of stock abutments using a contact scanner improved the accuracy of scan data. Scan accuracy of the stock abutments differed significantly based on the type of scanner.