bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-Creating Tailored Solutions to Combat Sedentary Behaviour: Insights from Scottish SMEs
Authors: Vogelsang M , McCaffrey L , Ryde G , Verloigne M , Dall P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) poses health risks for office workers, especially in small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often overlooked by current interventions. This abstract aims to report and examine solutions developed through co-creation for SB in SMEs.

Methods
Three Scottish SMEs, a construction company (n = 150) and two charities (n = 100; n = 30), participated in a co-creation process to create SME-specific actions on SB. Each formed an action group of employees (n = 9-12) as co-creators. The process consisted of between 6-8 workshops (each 1.5h) depending on the company, with workshops improved during the process based on formative reflection from co-creators. The co-creation workshops, facilitated by two researchers, initially involved jointly mapping the company’s current situation and building knowledge and awareness of SB. Further workshops focused on action planning, including brainstorming, feasibility, piloting, and final action(s) development. Following the co-creation of actions, researchers identified the Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) underlying the developed actions.

Results
Each company created a set of actions unique to them, e.g. standing desk promotion, a games room, and innovative meeting strategies. Regarding the BCTs, all companies included adding objects to the environment, physical restructuring, prompts or cues, and addressing health or social and environmental consequences. Additionally, they all incorporated ‘step challenges’ with behaviour self-monitoring and feedback techniques. Two companies offered incentives or rewards; one emphasized role modelling, and another included social support.

Conclusions
The three companies created tailored actions through the co-creation process. While there were some commonalities, the differences in actions and BCTs among companies underscore the necessity for solutions tailored to the organizational context and the importance of involving employees in creating solutions.

Key messages
• Co-created actions to combat SB used diverse strategies, emphasising a multifaceted approach to address workplace SB.
• Variability among SMEs’ co-created actions underscores the importance of stakeholder involvement to tailor solutions to organisational contexts.
Sexual health education in Italian schools: preliminary results of EduForIST3 national project
Authors: Chinelli A , Martinelli D , Paparatto G , Bonaldo L , Di Nino M G , Ubbiali M , Farinella M , Ciardullo S , Suligoi B , Tavoschi L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
School-based comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is the best approach to disseminate scientific evidence and promote healthier sexual behaviours among young people. However, in Italy, CSE is not included in schools curricula. This study, funded by the Ministry of Health, seeks to investigate information uptake and attitudes towards sexuality among adolescents included in a pilot CSE intervention in 6 Italian regions, from December 2023 to June 2024.

Methods
A 10-hours education intervention was implemented in a convenient sample of 26 upper and lower secondary schools (U/LSS), covering topics such as changes in adolescence, relationships and consent, sexual identity, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), contraception and sexual health services. Students’ evaluation comprised pre/post tests assessing knowledge, attitudes towards sexuality and satisfaction. A Solomon 4-group design study was used to compare intervention and control classes. A follow-up test will be conducted 4-6 months post-intervention.

Results
Preliminary analysis of available data as of 30 April, 510 pre-tests and 266 post-tests, showed incremented correct answers in all items. A significant increase (p&lt;.05) was found in 12/21 items for USS and in 9/19 items for LSS, especially in the domain STIs symptoms and prevention, among those mostly appreciated. Over 90% of students considered schools as suitable setting to receive CSE, preferably by external experts. Ongoing qualitative and long-term analysis will provide further insights of the overall impact of the activity.

Conclusions
The pilot CSE intervention increased the knowledge and attitudes of the students involved. Additional insights will be available after study completion. Findings from this study will contribute to evaluate the effects of CSE initiatives on sexual health knowledge and attitudes among Italian secondary schools students, as well as the effectiveness of such programs in fostering healthier behaviours.

Key messages
• Providing evidence-based, relevant information and education on sexual health to young people in secondary schools increases their knowledge and improves attitudes towards sexuality.
• CSE should be included in Italian school curricula in order to promote an incremental uptake of information and to improve young people’s sexual health.
School teachers’ perceptions of intersectoral working with health in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gray N J , Manandhar S , Chabot C , Tsai M-C , Jourdan D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the challenge for teachers to integrate protective health measures into their academic daily responsibilities. The aim of this abstract is to analyse how school teachers’ views on intersectoral collaboration with health professionals during COVID-19 vary by country, seeking insights for future directions.

Methods
In 2021, an online survey was conducted in 6 languages with education and health professionals, followed by optional online semi-structured interviews. We explored the: 1-effect of the pandemic on schools/pupils/teachers; 2-reorganisation of schools; 3-experience of implementing infection control measures in schools; 4-intersectoral working; 5-important resources for keeping schools open. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Analysis of a survey question seeking professionals’ rating of intersectoral working led to a directed content analysis of transcripts and free-text survey responses regarding intersectoral working experiences.

Results
Data were analysed from 1046 school teacher survey responses from 6 countries/territories and 21 follow-up interviews. Ratings varied considerably across countries. A large majority of teachers in Taipei (83%) reported excellent or good collaboration with health professionals, about half in China (53%) and Portugal (51%), and far fewer in Brazil (38%), Morocco (29%) and France (15%). Taipei respondents cited the key role of school nurses as a positive factor; others added clear national guidelines and local protocols. Negative ratings related to health professionals’ rare visits or absence.

Conclusions
The direct support of health professionals in schools was offered as explanation for teachers’ positive ratings of intersectoral working in the pandemic. Policy and practice varied geographically; thus, understanding contextual factors that influence the effectiveness of intersectoral working in schools is crucial to orient future public health strategies.

Key messages
• This highlights the importance of understanding contextual factors that influence the effectiveness of intersectoral working in implementing protective health measures in schools.
• This suggests that policy support and the presence of dedicated health personnel within schools play a pivotal role in ensuring effective collaboration between the education and health sectors.
Development and Implementation of Health Education Tools for Excluded Areas in the Czech Republic
Authors: Maršálková H , Volevach E , Ely M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Reducing health inequalities among population groups is imperative, however, health communication strategies tailored to ethnic minorities remain under-researched. To address this issue, various health communication strategies were developed and tested within the 3 year Saste Roma project, focused on improving health literacy and disease prevention in the excluded Czech Roma population.

Methods
A planning group comprising of doctors, sociologists, psychologists, NGOs and community health workers was established to create tailored health communication tools. The tools were developed with consideration of the sociocultural specifics of the Roma community, using focus groups, in-depth interviews, and the Delphi method. A PR agency was hired to implement the tools. Reach, engagement and Price Per Click = PPC were measured for online tools; feedback on offline tools was collected via surveys and interviews.

Results
From April 2021 to March 2024, 12 online and offline tools addressing 10 diseases were developed for various age groups and implemented. These tools, such as health literacy brochures and leaflets (78,500 pcs distributed), music videoclips (viewed 150,000 times), a mobile application (with over 500 users), social media profiles dedicated to health (with 140 followers), preventative events, school-based e-learning modules (implemented in 86 elementary schools in excluded areas), online campaigns (reaching 556,337 people; PPC of 0.85 EUR in case of in-house campaign Vs. PPC of 3.21 EUR by PR agency) or poster campaigns (engaging 3,046 individuals) focusing on excluded areas.

Lessons
This project represents the first extensive use of diverse communication tools targeting the Roma population. The involvement of community representatives (patients, artists, actors, and residents) in tool development is crucial. Training and support for health community workers are essential to achieve effective engagement with the community.

Key messages
• Tools must be delivered in a culturally sensitive and comprehensible manner by members of the communities.
• Commercial PR agencies failed with this specific campaign. Cooperation with Roma artists and influencers is essential.
Combined HIV prevention: knowledge and attitudes among higher education students in Portugal
Authors: Holzmann A P , Forte Camarneiro A P , Aparec Barbosa D , Cunha-Oliveira A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Combined Prevention is a strategy that combines different methods of HIV prevention that can be used simultaneously or sequentially, depending on the characteristics and life stage of everyone. Among the methods are condom use, regular HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Combined prevention is particularly important for more vulnerable groups, such as adolescents and young adults.

Objectives
To investigate the knowledge and attitudes related to combined HIV prevention among college students.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with college students from two institutions in a Portuguese city in the year 2022. Sampling was non-probabilistic, by convenience. Students aged 18 to 29 who had initiated sexual activity were included. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire sent to students online. Data were analyzed descriptively. Ethical aspects were respected.

Results
A total of 424 students participated in the study; majority were female (79.2%), white (92.9%), single (96.7%), Catholic (67.2%), with a mean age of 20.8 years (SD = 2.3). The number of sexual partners in the last semester ranged from none to 19, with an average of two partners (SD = 1.9). Nearly all students (94.3%) agreed that condoms are the main form of HIV prevention, however, 45.2% did not use condoms in their last casual sexual encounter. Only 15.5% and 13.9% of participants reported knowing about pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis, respectively. The majority had never been tested for HIV (81.8%) and did not know where tests could be done for free (70.9%).

Conclusions
Despite higher education, students are vulnerable to HIV and have unsatisfactory knowledge about combined prevention measures.

Key messages
• College students are young individuals with high vulnerability to contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
• Universities should assume their role as promoters of health and develop strategies that contribute to students’ knowledge and reflection on HIV and its prevention methods.
ISCO-08 Classification and scope of practice of nurses: Survey among WHO-Europe member states
Authors: Kurt S , Sermeus W 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The expansion of nurse’s roles in the delivery of care needs transparent defining of roles, extra education/training opportunities, and complementary legislative regulations.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was planned to explore status of nursing and midwifery workforce in WHO Europe member states. Data were collected from December 2020 until September 2023.

Results
ISCO-08 2221 is used to classify for only bachelor prepared-nurses in 2 of countries (Bulgaria and Spain). Besides, it is used only for vocational prepared-nurses in 2 of countries (Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan). Those countries only have vocational or bachelor education. ISCO-08 2221 is used in 1 of countries which have two entry levels with vocational and bachelor prepared-nurses (Georgia). ISCO-08 3221 is referred to vocational training in 5 (20%) countries (Armenia, Finland, the UK, Croatia, Hungary). ISCO-08 2221 is main classification for all levels prepared nurses in 18 countries including Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Ireland, Israel, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Lithuania Latvia, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovakia, Türkiye. Scope of practice of vocational and bachelor prepared nurses is defined by law/legislation in 25 of member states. Scope of practice vocational versus bachelor depends on conduct scientific tasks (Switzerland), being broader (Kazakhstan), competency level (Hungary, Croatia, Portugal) exceptionally there is no difference in Malta. Scope of Registered Nurse, Specialist Nurse and Advanced Nurse Practitioner differ in 22 of countries of those which on activities/practice/roles, expanded authority, working with determined care group. As a result, while scope of practice of professional nurses varies in line with their education level, ISCO-08 2221 is used for nurses’ classification from all education levels in member states.

Key messages
• There is no classification for postgraduate trained nurses (as is the case for physicians), even though scope of practice is different across education levels.
• When revising the ISCO-08 classification, it should be recommended that a common terminology is needed to define postgraduate nurses in region.
The Population-Centered Medical Model: a method of practice for public health physicians
Authors: Ranade S , Freeman T , Thind A , Brown J B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Public Health Physicians (PHPs) in Canada occupy a liminal space between medicine and public health. Current practice frameworks for the care of individual patients by physicians do not account for the complexity of working with communities and populations for health. Similarly, frameworks for public health practice do not account for the roles and responsibilities of physicians in public health. A method of practice that outlines how public health physicians care for populations is vital for training and development of practice for this specialty group within medicine and public health.

Methods
Constructivist Grounded Theory methods were used in this study. Ethics approval was obtained through The Western University Health Sciences Research Ethics Board. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eighteen (18) currently practicing PHPs across Canada. Data was analysed iteratively using constant comparison, multi-level coding, and memo writing. Thick description and reflexivity were employed to enhance rigour.

Results
The key finding is the elucidation of the Population-Centered Medical Model. In this empirically grounded model, PHPs bring values, knowledge and stances to their practice of Public Health Medicine. PHPs consider the population as patient, along with ethical obligations that flow from the physician to the population as a consequence. The process of caring for populations involves both diagnosis and intervention, with a focus on systems and prevention. It relies on knowledge sharing and relationship building between the physician and the population.

Conclusions
This is the first empirical model to describe the practice of PHPs. The model firmly grounds PHP practice in both medicine (diagnosis and intervention, the construction of a patient) and public health (focus on populations, systems and prevention). It also presents an opportunity to develop a general model of medical practice for n patients, where n can range between 1 and N.

Key messages
• The Population-Centered Medical Model is an empirically grounded model that describes the work of Public Health Physicians in Canada and grounds practice firmly in medicine and in public health.
• Public Health Physicians consider populations as patients. They diagnose and intervene for health, with a focus on systems and prevention, by building relationships and sharing knowledge.
The pivotal role of positive emotions in maintaining nurses’ trust and preventing pandemic fatigue
Authors: Bord S , Sharabani S , Admi H 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Nursing is a challenging profession that demands quick adaptation to changing conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on nursing teams, leading to high-stress levels and uncertainty. This study examines how nurses’ emotional response at the start of the pandemic predicts their trust in the healthcare system and pandemic fatigue after three morbidity waves.

Methods
This study included collecting self-reported data among Israeli nurses in three time periods: 346 nurses during March-May 2020 (T1), 260 nurses during June-July 2020 (T2), and 91 nurses during February 2022 (T3). Change in the study variables was assessed using repeated-measure ANOVA. Two multiple linear regression models were calculated for trust and pandemic fatigue at T3, with the emotions at T1 and professional seniority as predictors.

Results
A significant increase in negative emotions was observed between T1 and T2 (M = 2.65, SD = 1.12 and M = 3.20, SD = 1.29 respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in trust levels between T1 and T3 (M = 4.68, SD = 1.14 and M = 4.07, SD = 1.08 respectively). The regression model for trust was significant, with 20% of the variance explained in it, revealing that higher positive emotions at T1 predicted higher trust at T3. Similarly, the regression model for pandemic fatigue was significant (R2=22%), showing that lower professional seniority and lower positive emotions at T1 were predictors of higher pandemic fatigue at T3.

Conclusions
During a crisis, nurses may experience intense negative emotions like fear and anxiety. However, positive emotions, such as pride and a sense of mission, are crucial in maintaining their trust and preventing the onset of pandemic fatigue. Healthcare organizations should promote emotional support and provide emotional resources so that nurses can continue to deliver high-quality care even during challenging times.

Key messages
• During times of crisis, it’s crucial to foster positivity and encourage a sense of pride and accomplishment in nursing staff.
• Healthcare organizations must provide emotional support to nursing teams in routine and crisis situations to prevent burnout and maintain trust and long-term functioning.
Workshops: Enhancing communication for nursing students with patients with hearing disabilities
Authors: Tannenbaum-Baruchi C , Izhak L , Levi D , Debre D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Nursing students need guidance on effective communication strategies for interacting with patients with hearing disabilities, emphasizing the importance of addressing this gap in their education as future healthcare professionals.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among nursing students at seven institutions before and after workshops led by guides with hearing disabilities from a non-profit organization Ma’agalei Shema and funded by the National Insurance Institute. Data was collected from 2023 to March 2024 and analyzed using SPSS software.

Results
279 participants completed the survey before the workshops. and 136 responding afterward. Almost 80% were female. Before the workshops, 68.46% of students expected to gain communication tools for patients with hearing disabilities. About one-third believed the healthcare system offers accessible treatment to these patients, while only 22.22% foresaw no barriers. One-third reported no clinical contact with such patients. Among those who did, lip-reading (25.53%), writing (17.73%), assistance from family members (15.6%), and sign language (9.22%) were commonly used. Only 2.84% used professional sign language interpreters, and 20.57% reported never meeting a patient with hearing disabilities (8% reported “other”). Post-workshop surveys showed that around 82.48% of participants felt the workshops would significantly enhance their communication skills with such patients, with only 5.11% reporting a lack of practical tools received.

Conclusions
Practical workshops can significantly enhance communication skills and improve patient care. This study underscores the potential impact of minor adjustments in communication strategies on patient care, such as increasing the use of professional interpreters. Main messages: Providing training to nursing students in effective communication with these patients can streamline interactions, diminish reliance on family intermediaries, and enhance medical care.

Key messages
• Nursing students need guidance on communicating with patients with hearing disabilities to improve future healthcare interactions.
• Practical workshops enhance communication skills, stressing the importance of minor adjustments for better patient care.