bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status Imunisasi sebagai Determinan Utama Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut di Rumah Sakit Islam Gondanglegi Malang
Authors: Wulandari Endah Sri , Agustina Maria 
Published: November 2024

<p class="StyleTitle"> <em>Acute respiratory tract infections are among the 10 most common diseases and are one of the main health problems often experienced by toddlers in Indonesia. This disease has a serious impact on toddlers' health, ranging from decreased quality of life to death. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causative factors of acute respiratory tract infections in the pediatric ward of Gondanglegi Islamic Hospital, Malang. This study was a cross-sectional study, involving 62 respondents. Data were collected by filling out a questionnaire, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that the p value for each factor was: immunization status = 0.012, exclusive breastfeeding = 0.041, birth weight = 0.034, housing density = 0.032, family members smoking = 0.041; so it could be interpreted that these five factors influence the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections. The conclusion of this study showed that immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, birth weight, housing density and the presence of family members who smoke were determinants of the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections in children at Gondanglegi Islamic Hospital, Malang.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: acute respiratory tract infections; toddler; risk factors; immunization</em></p><p class="StyleTitle"> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="StyleTitle"> </p><p>Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut termasuk dalam 10 penyakit terbanyak dan merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang sering dialami oleh balita di Indonesia. Penyakit ini berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan balita, mulai dari penurunan kualitas hidup hingga kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab dari infeksi saluran pernapasan akut di ruang perawatan anak Rumah Sakit Islam Gondanglegi Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi c<em>ross-sectional</em>, dengan keterlibatan 62 responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner, lalu dianalisis dengan uji <em>Chi-square</em>. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai p untuk masing-masing faktor adalah: status imunisasi = 0,012, air susu ibu eksklusif = 0,041, berat badan lahir = 0,034, kepadatan hunian = 0,032, anggota keluarga merokok = 0,041; sehingga dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa kelima faktor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa status imunisasi, air susu ibu eksklusif, berat badan lahir, kepadatan hunian dan keberadaan anggota keluarga yang merokok merupakan determinan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut pada anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Gondanglegi Malang.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: infeksi saluran pernafasan akut; balita; faktor risiko; imunisasi</p><p class="StyleTitle"> </p>
Biomechanical analysis of limits of stability using computerized posturography: correlations with functional mobility in elderly individuals with hip osteoarthritis – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alahmari Khalid A. , Reddy Ravi Shankar 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHip osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that predominantly affects the elderly, causing significant morbidity due to joint pain, stiffness, and loss of function. This study aimed to assess the limits of stability (LOS) using computerized posturography and evaluate the correlations with functional mobility in elderly individuals with hip OA.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included elderly individuals aged 65 years and above with a clinical diagnosis of hip OA and age-matched asymptomatic controls. The LOS was measured using a computerized dynamic posturography system, which quantified the maximum distance and angle participants could shift their center of gravity without losing balance. Functional mobility was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, which measures the time taken for participants to stand up, walk 3 m, turn around, walk back, and sit down.ResultsThe study included 86 elderly individuals with hip OA and 86 age-matched asymptomatic controls. LOS assessments showed that individuals with hip OA had significantly lower stability scores across all directions compared to controls (p &lt; 0.001). TUG test times were significantly slower for the OA group (10.50 ± 2.20 s) compared to controls (8.70 ± 2.00 s, p &lt; 0.001). Positive correlations were found between LOS and functional mobility (r = 0.50, p = 0.009). Moderation analysis revealed that age and duration of OA significantly influenced the relationship between stability and mobility.ConclusionHip OA significantly impacts stability and functional mobility in elderly individuals. Enhanced stability is associated with improved mobility, and demographic and clinical variables such as age and duration of OA play crucial roles in these relationships. These findings underscore the importance of targeted therapeutic interventions to improve stability and mobility in this population.
Estimation of gait parameters in healthy and hemiplegic individuals using Azure Kinect: a comparative study with the optoelectronic system
Authors: Cerfoglio Serena , Ferraris Claudia , Vismara Luca , Amprimo Gianluca , Priano Lorenzo , Bigoni Matteo , Galli Manuela , Mauro Alessandro , Cimolin Veronica 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWalking ability is essential for maintaining functional independence, but it can be impaired by conditions like hemiplegia resulting from a stroke event. In post-stroke populations, accurately assessing gait anomalies is crucial for rehabilitation to promote functional recovery, and to prevent falls or injuries.MethodsThe aim of this study is to evaluate gait-related parameters using a solution based on a single RGB-D camera, specifically Microsoft Azure Kinect DK (MAK), on a short walkway in both healthy (n= 27) and post-stroke individuals with hemiplegia (n= 20). The spatio-temporal and center of mass (CoM) parameters estimated by this approach were compared with those obtained from a gold standard motion capture (MoCap) system for instrumented 3D gait analysis.ResultsThe overall findings demonstrated high levels of accuracy (&gt; 93%), and strong correlations (r &gt; 0.9) between the parameters estimated by the two systems for both healthy and hemiplegic gait. In particular, some spatio-temporal parameters showed excellent agreement in both groups, while CoM displacements exhibited slightly lower correlation values in healthy individuals.DiscussionThe results of the study suggest that a solution based on a single optical sensor could serve as an effective intermediate tool for gait analysis, not only in clinical settings or controlled environments but also in those contexts where gold standard systems are not feasible.
Predicting survival in patients with SARS-CoV-2 based on cytokines and soluble immune checkpoint regulators
Authors: Lee Nuri , Jeon Kibum , Park Min-Jeong , Song Wonkeun , Jeong Seri 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been widespread for over four years and has progressed to an endemic stage. Accordingly, the evaluation of host immunity in infected patients and the development of markers for prognostic prediction in the early stages have been emphasized. Soluble immune checkpoints (sICs), which regulate T cell activity, have been reported as promising biomarkers of viral infections.MethodsIn this study, quantitative values of 17 sICs and 16 cytokines (CKs) were measured using the Luminex multiplex assay. A total of 148 serum samples from 100 patients with COVID-19 were collected and the levels were compared between survivors vs. non-survivors and pneumonic vs. non-pneumonic conditions groups. The impact of these markers on overall survival were analyzed using a machine learning algorithm.ResultssICs, including sCD27, sCD40, herpes virus entry mediator (sHVEM), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (sTIM-3), and Toll-like receptor 2 (sTLR-2) and CKs, including chemokine CC motif ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), were statistically significantly increased in the non-survivors compared to those of in the survivors. IL-6 showed the highest area under the receiver-operating curve (0.844, 95% CI = 0.751–0.913) to discriminate non-survival, with a sensitivity of 78.9% and specificity of 82.4%. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with procalcitonin over 0.25 ng/mL, C-reactive protein (CRP) over 41.0 mg/dL, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio over 18.97, sCD27 over 3828.8 pg/mL, sCD40 over 1283.6 pg/mL, and IL-6 over 21.6 pg/mL showed poor survival (log-rank test). In the decision tree analysis, IL-6, sTIM-3, and sCD40 levels had a strong impact on survival. Moreover, IL-6, CD40, and CRP levels were important to predict the probability of 90-d mortality using the SHapley Additive exPlanations method.ConclusionsICs and CKs, especially IL-6, sCD27, sCD40, and sTIM-3 are expected to be useful in predicting patient outcomes when used in combination with existing markers.
Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study of atrial fibrillation and breast cancer
Authors: Ding Fan , Chen Chen , Wang Yuling , Zhu Tingting , Jiao Linke , Shen Zihuan , Zhang Zhiwei , Lv Lifei , Cui Xiangning , Lu Yingdong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundObservational studies have shown an association between Breast Cancer (BC) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF). However, due to confounding factors and reverse causality, the causal role between BC and AF remains unclear. In this study, bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) combined with meta-analysis was used to evaluate the causal association between BC and AF.MethodsBased on the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) summary data sets, the Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main method, the weighted median method and MR-Egger method were used for Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization, and the Egger intercept test was used to detect horizontal pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was tested by Cochran's Q test, and sensitivity analysis was performed by “leave-one-out”. GWAS data for AF and BC were obtained from three separate databases (FinnGen, UKBiobank, GWAScatalog) for European individuals. Finally, meta-analysis was performed on the MR Analysis results from different databases.ResultsThe pooled IVW results showed no evidence of an effect of BC on the risk of AF (IVW: OR = 0.9994; 95% CI = 0.9967–1.0022). There was also no evidence of an effect of AF on BC risk (IVW: OR = 0.9970; 95% CI = 0.9154–1.0859).ConclusionThe results of the Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization study show that there is no causal relationship between BC and AF.
Ethanol marshall bundle elimination, pulmonary vein isolation, and linear ablation for atrial fibrillation with or without heart failure
Authors: Chen Hongxu , Li Huahua , Chen Dan , Xiong Xiong , Li Xi , Chen Yanhong , Zhang Jinlin 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn medical practice, atrial fibrillation (AF) is intricately associated with heart failure (HF). Currently, ethanol infusion of vein of Marshall (EIVOM) for AF ablation in HF patients remains significantly limited.MethodThis was a non-randomized, single-center, retrospective observational study. AF patients received 4-step ablation composed of EIVOM, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and linear ablation. The primary composite endpoint was defined as recurrence of atrial tachycardia over 30 s. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce selection bias.ResultsFrom April 2020 to May 2022, 362 patients were included, comprising of 182 HF patients and 180 non-HF patients. EIVOM success rate was lower in HF patients than non-HF patients (86.8% vs. 93.9%). Cardiac effusion was more common in HF patients (44.0% vs. 37.2%), and 2 cases of atrial-esophageal fistula were observed in the HF group. During a median follow-up of 12 months, no significant difference in the primary endpoint was observed between HF and non-HF group. Different HF subgroups had similar AF recurrence. After PSM, AF recurrence rate remained statistically equivalent between the HF and non-HF groups.ConclusionEVIOM combining catheter ablation can be completed with comparable success rate in AF patients with or without HF. However, peri-procedural safety is a concern for HF patients undergoing EIVOM combing AF catheter ablation. During the follow-up, HF status before ablation is not related with increased AF recurrence.
Unraveling impact and potential mechanisms of baseline pain on efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients: a retrospective and bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhang Zexin , Zhao Wenjie , Lv Chang , Wu Zexia , Liu Wenhao , Chang Xuesong , Yu Yaya , Xiao Zhenzhen , He Yihan , Zhang Haibo 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivePain is a prevalent discomfort symptom associated with cancer, yet the correlations and potential mechanisms between pain and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy remain uncertain.MethodsNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the inpatient department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were retrospectively enrolled. Through cox regression analysis, prognostic factors and independent prognostic factors affecting the efficacy of ICIs were identified, and a nomogram model was constructed. Hub cancer-related pain genes (CRPGs) were identified through bioinformatic analysis. Finally, the expression levels of hub CRPGs were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsBefore PSM, a total of 222 patients were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate cox analysis indicated that bone metastasis and NRS scores were independent prognostic factors for the efficacy of ICIs. After PSM, a total of 94 people were enrolled in this study. Univariate cox analysis and multivariate cox analysis indicated that age, platelets, Dnlr, liver metastasis, bone metastasis, and NRS scores were independent prognostic factors for the efficacy of ICIs. A nomogram was constructed based on 6 independent prognostic factors with AUC values of 0.80 for 1-year, 0.73 for 2-year, and 0.80 for 3-year survival. ELISA assay results indicated that the level of CXCL12 significantly decreased compared to baseline after pain was relieved.ConclusionBaseline pain is an independent prognostic factor affecting the efficacy of ICIs in lung cancer, potentially through CXCL12-mediated inflammation promotion and immunosuppression.
Immunophenotyping characteristics and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine during the Omicron surge
Authors: Qiu Meihua , Song Xiaogang , Zhang Qianqian , Zou Shenchun , Pang Lingling , Nian Xueyuan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundLittle is known about immunophenotyping characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine during the Omicron variant surge.MethodsThis study enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from December 2022 to February 2023. The primary outcome was defined as all-cause mortality, along with a composite outcome reflecting disease progression. The enrolled patients were followed for a period of 60 days from their admission.ResultsA total of 268 COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine were enrolled in this retrospective study. The study found that the counts of lymphocyte subsets were significantly reduced in the composite outcome and all-cause mortality groups compared to the non-composite outcome and discharge groups (all p &lt; 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between lymphocyte subsets cell counts and inflammatory markers levels. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified low CD4+ T cell count as the most significant predictor of disease progression and all-cause mortality among the various lymphocyte subsets. Additionally, both the Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that low CD4+ T cell count level (&lt; 156.00 cells/μl) was closely associated with all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine.ConclusionsA low CD4+ T cell count may serve as a significant predictive indicator for identifying COVID-19 patients receiving azvudine treatment who are at an elevated risk of experiencing adverse outcomes. These findings may offer valuable insights for physicians in optimizing the administration of azvudine.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of benmelstobart, anlotinib, and chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
Authors: You Maojin , Luo Lingling , Lu Tingting , Chen Shaofang , He Ying 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe ETER701 trial assessed the efficacy and safety of benmelstobart combined with anlotinib plus etoposide/cisplatin (BEN-AL-EC) as a first-line therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Results indicated that BEN-AL-EC, when compared with placebo in combination with etoposide/cisplatin (PLB-EC), significantly enhanced both progression-free and overall survival rates, while demonstrating an acceptable safety profile among patients with ES-SCLC. However, BEN-AL-EC is expensive, necessitating its cost-effectiveness analysis.MethodsA Markov model with three health states was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of BEN-AL-EC, AL-EC and PLB-EC for the treatment of ES-SCLC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. Drug costs were derived from national tender prices, whereas other costs and utility values were derived from published literature. The key outcomes assessed included total costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Sensitivity analyses, including one-way and probabilistic analyses, were performed to assess the robustness of the model.ResultsThe total cost of BEN-AL-EC was $55,117.42, yielding 1.09 QALYs, whereas that of PLB-EC was $15,238.15, yielding 0.71 QALYs. The ICER of BEN-AL-EC compared with PLB-EC was $106,249.42 per QALY gained. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $38,133 per QALY, BEN-AL-EC had a 0% probability of being cost-effective relative to PLB-EC. The key parameters influencing these outcomes included utility values for PFS, the cost of benmelstobart, and the discount rate.ConclusionFrom the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system, BEN-AL-EC as a first-line treatment for ES-SCLC is unlikely to be cost-effective when compared with PLB-EC.
Integrating multi-omics techniques and in vitro experiments reveals that GLRX3 regulates the immune microenvironment and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion through iron metabolism pathways
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Yuan , Zhang Yang , Fang Yunsheng , Wu Ling , Zhao Ying , Wang Danqiong , Qiao Xiaoyuan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide, and its development is closely related to abnormalities in iron metabolism. This study aims to systematically analyze changes in iron metabolism in the tumor microenvironment of HCC using single-cell sequencing technology, and investigate the potential mechanisms by which iron metabolism regulation affects the survival of liver cancer patients.Materials and methodsSingle-cell sequencing data from hepatocellular carcinoma patients were obtained from the GEO database. By iron metabolism genomic scoring, we assessed differences in iron metabolism levels in hepatocellular carcinoma samples. By cell communication analysis as well as GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, we determined the functional role of iron metabolism in different cell types. We used survival analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves to assess the impact of iron metabolism levels on patient prognosis. In addition, we identified and analyzed the expression profile of the GLRX3 gene, investigated its key regulatory role in iron metabolism, and validated its clinical value as a prognostic marker. Finally, we explored the effect of GLRX3 on hepatocellular carcinoma phenotype by in vitro experiments such as PCR, transwell, CCK8, and wound healing assay.ResultsBioinformatics results and experimental validation confirmed the dysregulation of iron metabolism in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, revealing iron’s regulatory influence across various cell types. Additionally, GLRX3 was identified as a key regulatory factor in iron metabolism, and the mechanism by which GLRX3 regulates tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion was determined. Furthermore, experiments verified GLRX3’s role in facilitating tumor cell proliferation and invasion.ConclusionThis study highlights the critical role of iron metabolism in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly the regulatory mechanism of the GLRX3 gene in tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion. Iron metabolism abnormalities are not only drivers of liver cancer development but also key indicators of patient prognosis.
Crop, semi-natural, and water features of the cotton agroecosystem as indicators of risk of infestation of two plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) pests
Authors: Brewer Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study considers concepts and tools of landscape ecology and geographic information systems (GIS) to prioritize insect monitoring in large-scale crops, using the cotton agroecosystem of the Texas Gulf Coast and two plant bug species (Creontiades signatus Distant and Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) [Hemiptera: Miridae]) as a case study. The two species differed in host plants and time span as cotton pests.MethodsC. signatus and P. seriatus abundance in early growth of cotton were regressed on landscape metrics. Comparisons of three approaches to select landscape variables in stepwise multiple regressions were made across spatial scales and two weeks of insect data extracted from monitoring of 21 cotton fields, years 2010 through 2013.Results and discussionThe spatial variation of plant bug abundance and the landscape features were substantial, aiding the regression approach. For full stepwise regression models using 18 landscape variables, regression model fit using C. signatus data was modestly better in week one of sampling when C. signatus adults and young nymphs were detected (R2 range of 0.56 to 0.82), as compared with model fit at week two (R2 range of 0.49 to 0.77). The smallest scale (2.5 km radius) models had the greatest number of variables selected and highest R2, while two broader scales (5 and 10 km) and truncating the models to three variables produced a narrower range of R2s (0.49 to 0.62) and more consistent entry of variables. Wetland composition had a consistent positive association with C. signatus abundance, supporting its association with seepweeds which are common in coastal wetlands. When selected, the composition of cotton and grassland/shrubland/pasture also had a positive association with C. signatus abundance. Aggregation metrics were also relevant, but composition metrics in the models were arguably more easily utilized in prioritizing insect monitoring. In contrast, there were few significant regressions using P. seriatus data, possibly due to the widespread distribution of its weedy host plants and lower abundance. Overall, selected landscape features served as indicators of C. signatus infestation potential in cotton particularly grown near coastal wetlands, but landscape features were not useful for P. seriatus infestation potential in cotton.