bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standard cross‐linking versus photorefractive keratectomy combined with accelerated cross‐linking for keratoconus management: a comparative study
Authors: Iqbal Mohammed , Elmassry Ahmed , Tawfik Ahmed , Elgharieb Mervat , Nagy Khaled , Soliman Ashraf , Saad Hisham , Tawfik Tarek , Ali Osama , Gad Ahmed , El Saman Islam , Radwan Alaa , Elzembely Hosam , Abou Ali Amin , Fawzy Omar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the safety and efficacy of standard 30 min epithelium‐off cross‐linking (CXL) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) combined with accelerated epithelium‐off cross‐linking (AXL) for the treatment of progressive keratoconus (CXL‐Plus).MethodsThis study was a prospective multicentre comparative clinical study. A total of 125 eyes of 75 patients with grade 1 keratoconus and documented progression were divided into two groups. Group A included 58 eyes treated with standard CXL. Group B included 67 eyes treated with combined PRK and AXL. The recorded data included UDVA, CDVA, subjective and objective refraction, keratometry and pachymetry using corneal topographies preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of follow‐up.ResultsIn group A, at 24 months of UDVA and CDVA were improved from 1.12 ± 0.38 and 0.58 ± 0.42 to 0.66 ± 0.20 and 0.20 ± 0.12 (LogMAR±SD). The spherical equivalent was reduced from 4.03 ± 1.18 to 1.78 ± 1.04 D. The cylinder reduction was 0.32 ± 0.19 D. In group B, at 24 months of UDVA and CDVA were improved from 1.26 ± 0.52 and 0.68 ± 0.36 to 0.58 ± 0.28 and 0.20 ± 0.16 (LogMAR ± SD). The spherical equivalent was reduced from 4.23 ± 0.95 to 1.92 ± 0.74 D. The cylinder reduction was ±1.76 D.ConclusionSurprisingly, standard CXL showed close results to CXL‐Plus at the 24th follow‐up month. Standard CXL acted as a stabilizing procedure associated with a late myopic component reduction. CXL‐Plus acted as a refractive and stabilizing procedure with an early effect on both the myopic and the astigmatic component but no later improvements. Standard CXL seems to be more powerful than AXL in its long‐term effect. Therefore, in the future, we want to test the combination of PRK with standard CXL.
Use of an alternative method to evaluate erythema severity in a clinical trial: difference in vehicle response with evaluation of baseline and postdose photographs for effect of oxymetazoline cream 1·0% for persistent erythema of rosacea in a phase IV study
Authors: Eichenfield L.F. , Del Rosso J.Q. , Tan J.K.L. , Hebert A.A. , Webster G.F. , Harper J. , Baldwin H.E. , Kircik L.H. , Stein-Gold L. , Kaoukhov A. , Alvandi N. 
Published: November 2018

Summary

Background
Once-daily topical oxymetazoline cream 1·0% significantly reduced persistent facial erythema of rosacea in trials requiring live, static patient assessments.

Objectives
To evaluate critically the methodology of clinical trials that require live, static patient assessments by determining whether assessment of erythema is different when reference to the baseline photograph is allowed.

Methods
In two identically designed, randomized, phase III trials, adults with persistent facial erythema of rosacea applied oxymetazoline or vehicle once daily. This phase IV study evaluated standardized digital facial photographs from the phase III trials to record ≥ 1-grade Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) improvement at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h postdose.

Results
Among 835 patients (oxymetazoline n =415, vehicle n =420), significantly greater proportions of patients treated with oxymetazoline vs. vehicle achieved ≥ 1-grade CEA improvement. For the comparison between phase IV study results and the original phase III analysis, when reference to baseline photographs was allowed while evaluating post-treatment photographs, the results for oxymetazoline were similar to results of the phase III trials (up to 85.7%), but a significantly lower proportion of vehicle recipients achieved ≥ 1-grade CEA improvement (up to 29.7% [phase 4] vs. 52.3% [phase 3]; P&lt;0.001). In the phase IV study, up to 80·2% of patients treated with oxymetazoline achieved at least moderate erythema improvement vs. up to 22·9% of patients treated with vehicle. The association between patients’ satisfaction with facial skin redness and percentage of erythema improvement was statistically significant.

Conclusions
Assessment of study photographs, with comparison to baseline, confirmed significant erythema reduction with oxymetazoline on the first day of application. Compared with the phase III trial results, significantly fewer vehicle recipients attained ≥ 1-grade CEA improvement, suggesting a mitigated vehicle effect. This methodology may improve the accuracy of clinical trials evaluating erythema severity.
Hydrogen sulfide and hepatic lipid metabolism – a critical pairing for liver health
Authors: Loiselle Julie J , Yang Guangdong , Wu Lingyun 
Published: November 2018

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the most recently recognized gasotransmitter, influencing a wide range of physiological processes. As a critical regulator of metabolism, H2S has been suggested to be involved in the pathology of many diseases, particularly obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Its involvement in liver health has been brought to light more recently, particularly through knockout animal models, which show severe hepatic lipid accumulation upon ablation of H2S metabolic pathways. A complex relationship between H2S and lipid metabolism in the liver is emerging, which has significant implications for liver disease establishment and/or progression, regardless of the disease‐causing agent. In this review, we discuss the critical importance of H2S in hepatic lipid metabolism. We then describe the animal models so far related with H2S and lipid‐associated liver disease, as well as H2S‐based treatments available. Finally, we highlight important considerations for future studies and identify areas in which much still remains to be determined.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc
Glutathione S‐transferase Pi 1 is a valuable predictor for cancer drug resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ogino Shinpei , Konishi Hirotaka , Ichikawa Daisuke , Matsubara Daiki , Shoda Katsutoshi , Arita Tomohiro , Kosuga Toshiyuki , Komatsu Shuhei , Shiozaki Atsushi , Okamoto Kazuma , Kishimoto Mitsuo , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: November 2018

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a lethal malignancy. However, there are few useful markers for diagnosis and treatment. Glutathione S‐transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) has been reported as a predictor of malignancy or anticancer drug resistance in some cancers. We investigated the association of GSTP1 expression with the malignancy or drug resistance in ESCC cell lines and clinical tissue samples. Proliferation and apoptosis assays regarding GSTP1 expression were examined in ESCC cell lines. Proliferation of GSTP1 knockdown cells was significantly decreased (P < .01), and the frequency of early apoptosis was increased (P < .05). Invasion capacity of GSTP1 knockdown cells was slightly decreased in transwell assay. These results suggest that GSTP1 plays an important role in malignant potential. To examine the effects of GSTP1 on drug resistance, chemosensitivity assay and apoptosis assay under cisplatin exposure were carried out. Viability of GSTP1 knockdown cells treated with cisplatin was lower than that of control cells (P < .01). Moreover, the frequency of early and late apoptosis in GSTP1 knockdown cells was markedly increased over that of control cells by cisplatin exposure (P < .01). In immunohistochemistry assay of resected tissue samples, GSTP1 expression was significantly associated with clinical downstaging (P = .04) in 72 ESCC patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Furthermore, there was a significant association between GSTP1 expression in resected tissue and biopsy samples in 34 ESCC patients without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = .02). In summary, GSTP1 was related to malignant potential and may be a predictive marker of drug resistance in ESCC patients.
Effect of implant‐supported mandibular overdentures versus reline on masticatory performance and salivary flow rates in very old adults—A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Maniewicz Sabrina , Duvernay Elena , Srinivasan Murali , Perneger Thomas , Schimmel Martin , Müller Frauke 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the masticatory efficiency (ME), maximum voluntary bite force (MBF), masseter muscle thickness (MMT), and salivary flow rates (SFR) in completely edentulous dependent elders treated either with a conversion of their existing mandibular complete removable dental prostheses (CRDPs) into a two‐implant overdenture (IOD) or a conventional reline of the CRDP.Material and MethodsParticipants were randomly allocated into intervention (IG) and control (CG) groups. The IG received two implants in the mandibular canine regions, and their CRDPs were transformed into IODs. The CG received a conventional reline of their mandibular CRDPs. Outcomes were recorded at each recall visit (baseline, immediately, 3 months, 12 months after intervention, and subsequently on an annual basis). Statistical analyses used mixed linear regression models (level of significance: p < 0.05).ResultsThe IG comprised 16 participants (age = 85.0 ± 6.2 years), while the CG comprised 16 (age = 84.8 ± 5.4 years), with a mean follow‐up of 2.7 ± 2.2 years (range: 3 months–7 years). A significant increase of MBF in the IG was observed with an overall gain of 80 N (p < 0.001) compared with the reline group. There were no significant long‐term changes in SFR, MMT, or ME within/between groups.ConclusionSince dependent elders with mandibular IODs present a significant gain in MBF, but no relative increase in SFR, MMT, and ME, it seems that this increased capacity of MBF is not exploited by the elders during their habitual chewing.
Widespread introgression in Chinese indigenous chicken breeds from commercial broiler
Authors: Zhang Chunyuan , Lin Deng , Wang Yuzhe , Peng Dezhi , Li Huifang , Fei Jing , Chen Kuanwei , Yang Ning , Hu Xiaoxiang , Zhao Yiqiang , Li Ning 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChinese indigenous chickens (CICs) constitute world‐renowned genetic resources due to their excellent traits, including early puberty, good meat quality and strong resistance to disease. Unfortunately, the introduction of a large number of commercial chickens in the past two decades has had an adverse effect on CICs. Using the chicken 60 K single nucleotide polymorphism chip, we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 1,187 chickens, representing eight Chinese indigenous chicken breeds, two hybrid chicken breeds, two ancestral chicken breeds, two commercial populations and additional red jungle fowl. By investigating haplotype similarity, we found extensive gene introgression from commercial broiler to almost all CICs. Approximately 15% of the genome, on average, of CICs was introgressed, ranging from 0.64% for Tibetan chicken to 21.52% for Huiyang Bearded chicken. Further analysis revealed signals consistent with positive selection in the introgression loci. For the first time, we systematically mapped and quantified introgression from commercial broiler to CICs at the whole genome level. Our data provided a usable resource for chicken genetic diversity, and our findings indicated a dire need for protecting the genetic resources of CICs.
Tenoscopic‐assisted treatment of a solitary caudodistal tibial osteochondroma
Authors: Agass R. F. , Fraser B. S. L. 
Published: November 2018

SummarySolitary osteochondromas are a relatively infrequent cause of lameness in the horse, most commonly occurring in the caudal distal radial metaphysis, with sparse reports in other locations. Their presence adjacent to a synovial sheath frequently results in intra‐thecal tendinous laceration and resultant synovial effusion. Surgical excision in combination with arthroscopic debridement of the tendinous pathology offers the best prognosis for soundness. This report details the successful treatment of a caudodistal tibial osteochondroma using a combination of open surgical excision and tarsal sheath tenoscopy.
A Latent Profile Analysis of the Parent–Adolescent Relationship: Assessing Both Parent and Adolescent Outcomes
Authors: Withers Mathew C. 
Published: November 2018

Using family systems and attachment theory frameworks, this study identified specific dimensions of the parent–adolescent relationship and examined the association between those dimensions and adolescent depression and delinquency, and parental depression 2 years later in a racially and ethnically diverse sample. Parent–adolescent relationships were identified using a person‐centered approach, latent profile analysis, using closeness, communication, conflict, and autonomy as dimensions of the relationship. The latent profile analysis produced a four‐profile solution, which was labeled secure, avoidant, anxious, and detached. Next, parent and adolescent outcomes were examined. Results indicated that adolescents in the detached profile exhibited the highest amount of delinquency, whereas the parents exhibited the lowest amount of depression. Adolescents in the avoidant profile also exhibited high levels of delinquency, and parents in this profile also exhibited the highest amount of depression symptoms. No profile differences were found for adolescent depression symptoms. Implications for family interventions are discussed.
Optimising the ratio of long‐ to short‐chain triglycerides of the lipid phase to enhance physical stability and bioaccessibility of lycopene‐loaded beverage emulsions
Authors: Raikos Vassilios , Hayward Nick , Hayes Helen , Meroni Erika , Ranawana Viren 
Published: November 2018

SummaryOil‐in‐water beverage emulsions (pH3.2) with different long‐ to short‐chain triglyceride (LCT to SCT) ratios were used to encapsulate lycopene. Beverages containing 3% w/w oil from carrier lipids were prepared as follows (w/w): 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 (corn oil:tributyrin). The beverages prepared using a low LCT to SCT ratio (0:100) were physically unstable mainly due to Ostwald ripening phenomena, as indicated by confocal laser microscopy. The oil droplet size was significantly reduced for emulsions formulated with corn oil (2.6 μm) compared with tributyrin (5.4 μm). Lycopene was not bioaccessible in beverages formulated with tributyrin only and bioaccessibility increased significantly with increasing the LCT to SCT ratio. Data indicated that bioaccessibility for lycopene is 2.7% for emulsions with high LCT ratios (>75). Results indicate that the carrier lipid phase of emulsion‐based systems is critical for the formulation of functional drinks for the delivery of lipophilic bioactive compounds.
Crowdfunding mechanism comparison when product quality is uncertain
Authors: Nie Tengfei , Wang Xinxiu , Zhu Yangguang , Du Shaofu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany entrepreneurs have recently employed crowdfunding to raise money. Although there are several crowdfunding mechanisms, there is no clear dominant strategy for the type of mechanisms that should be adopted by the entrepreneur. This paper compares two commonly used mechanisms of crowdfunding by building a two‐person and two‐period model where the entrepreneur first makes the decision then two consumers follow. The all‐or‐nothing () mechanism allows entrepreneurs to set a funding target and keep nothing unless the goal is achieved. In contrast, entrepreneurs under the keep‐it‐all () mechanism must also set a target and keep any funds regardless of whether the goal has been achieved. To compare these two mechanisms, we assume that customers are not sure about the quality of the product, which is very common in reward‐based crowdfunding. Using a unified model, our results show that large or poorly scalable projects are more likely to choose the mechanism.
miR‐129‐2‐3p directly targets SYK gene and associates with the risk of ischaemic stroke in a Chinese population
Authors: Huang Suli , Lv Ziquan , Wen Ying , Wei Yazhen , Zhou Li , Ke Yuebin , Zhang Yanwei , Xu Qianhui , Li Lu , Guo Yinsheng , Li Di , Xie Changhui , Guo Yi , Cheng Jinquan 
Published: November 2018

AbsstractSpleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) gene has been identified as novel susceptibility locus for ischaemic stroke (IS) previously. However, regulation of SYK gene remains unknown in IS. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that might be involved in the development of IS by targeting SYK gene. miRNAs were firstly screened by bioinformatics predicting tool. The expression levels of SYK gene were detected by qRT‐PCR and western blotting, respectively, after miRNA transfection. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to investigate the direct binding between miRNAs and target gene. miRNA levels were detected by miRNA TaqMan assays in the blood cells of 270 IS patients and 270 control volunteers. Results suggest that SYK gene might be a direct target of miR‐129‐2‐3p. The blood level of miR‐129‐2‐3p was significantly lower in IS patients (P < 0.05), and negatively associated with the risk of IS (adjusted OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80‐0.98; P = 0.021) by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The blood levels of SYK gene were significantly higher in IS patients, and miR‐129‐2‐3p expression was negatively correlated with mean platelet volume. In summary, our study suggests that miR‐129‐2‐3p might be involved in the pathogenesis of IS through interrupting SYK expression and the platelet function, and further investigation is needed to explore the underlying mechanism.
MCLPMDA: A novel method for miRNA‐disease association prediction based on matrix completion and label propagation
Authors: Yu Sheng‐Peng , Liang Cheng , Xiao Qiu , Li Guang‐Hui , Ding Ping‐Jian , Luo Jia‐Wei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMiRNAs are a class of small non‐coding RNAs that are involved in the development and progression of various complex diseases. Great efforts have been made to discover potential associations between miRNAs and diseases recently. As experimental methods are in general expensive and time‐consuming, a large number of computational models have been developed to effectively predict reliable disease‐related miRNAs. However, the inherent noise and incompleteness in the existing biological datasets have inevitably limited the prediction accuracy of current computational models. To solve this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel method for miRNA‐disease association prediction based on matrix completion and label propagation. Specifically, our method first reconstructs a new miRNA/disease similarity matrix by matrix completion algorithm based on known experimentally verified miRNA‐disease associations and then utilizes the label propagation algorithm to reliably predict disease‐related miRNAs. As a result, MCLPMDA achieved comparable performance under different evaluation metrics and was capable of discovering greater number of true miRNA‐disease associations. Moreover, case study conducted on Breast Neoplasms further confirmed the prediction reliability of the proposed method. Taken together, the experimental results clearly demonstrated that MCLPMDA can serve as an effective and reliable tool for miRNA‐disease association prediction.
Debating the EU's Raison d'Être: On the Relation between Legitimacy and Justice
Authors: Sangiovanni Andrea 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSince the eurozone, refugee and Brexit crises, it has become evident that the EU contributes to divergence among member states and inequality within them. It is also evident that the days of permissive consensus, integration by stealth, and trust in promises of peace and prosperity are long gone. Publics across the EU now wonder why the EU ought to garner their respect, and what role, if any, the EU should play in mitigating both cross‐ and intra‐national socioeconomic inequalities. They wonder, that is, what gives the EU legitimacy beyond securing a growth dividend and protecting against another European war, and what criteria of justice we ought to use in assessing the distributional consequences of integration. This contribution articulates a conception of legitimacy that has received very little attention in the literature, namely telic legitimacy, distinguishes it from conventional criteria of ‘input’ and ‘output’ legitimacy, explains its usefulness in addressing the EU's crisis in confidence, and outlines its relation to principles of justice.
Dysregulation of human miRNAs and increased prevalence of HHV miRNAs in obese periodontitis subjects
Authors: Naqvi Afsar R. , Brambila Maria F. , Martínez Gloria , Chapa Gabriela , Nares Salvador 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate human and herpesvirus‐encoded microRNA (miRNA) expression in healthy and diseased gingiva of obese and non‐obese subjects and compare the impact of localized and systemic inflammation on human miRNA profiles.Material and methodsHealthy and inflamed gingival biopsies were collected from obese and non‐obese subjects. Human and herpesvirus miRNA expression was quantified using quantitative PCR. Predicted targets of dysregulated miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics analysis, validated by dual luciferase assays and their expression assessed in healthy and diseased tissues.ResultsOur results show differential expression of miRNAs in both diseased groups compared to healthy counterparts. MMP‐16 is identified as a novel target of miRNAs altered in disease. Expression analysis of genes predicted as target of differentially expressed miRNAs show significant changes in disease compared with healthy tissues. Finally, quantitation of four herpesvirus‐derived viral miRNAs show that the expression and prevalence of herpesvirus miRNAs in diseased gingiva of obese subjects.ConclusionOur findings show that miRNA (both cellular and virus) expression is differentially responsive to local and systemic inflammation. Some of these miRNAs can modulate key cellular genes with direct consequences on inflammatory pathways suggesting their impact on oral tissue transcriptome and functions.
Time between recall visits and residual probing depths predict long‐term stability in patients enrolled in supportive periodontal therapy
Authors: Ramseier Christoph A. , Nydegger Martina , Walter Clemens , Fischer Gabriel , Sculean Anton , Lang Niklaus P. , Salvi Giovanni E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimTo relate the time between recall visits and residual periodontal probing depths (PPDs) to periodontal stability in patients enrolled in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).Materials and methodsRetrospective data on residual PPDs from 11,842 SPT visits were evaluated in SPT patients at the Medi School of Dental Hygiene (MSDH), Bern, Switzerland, 1985–2011. A residual PPD‐based algorithm was developed to compute SPT intervals with no expected change of residual PPD.ResultsA total of 883 patients aged 43.9 (±13.0) years and 55.4% (n = 489) being females were identified. Linear mixed model analysis yielded highest statistically significant impact on PPD change with time between SPT visits, presence of residual PPD ≥4 mm, and bleeding on probing (p < 0.0001). Patients returning for SPT five times consecutively earlier than computed presented mean % PPDs ≥4 mm of 5.8% (±3.9) compared with patients returning later (19.2%, ±7.6) (p < 0.0001). Additionally, patients attending >50% of their SPT visits earlier versus later demonstrated increased periodontal stability after 5 years (p = 0.0002) and a reduced frequency of tooth loss (0.60, ±0.93 versus 1.45, ±2.07) after 20 years (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsTo reach and maintain periodontal stability during SPT, individual quantitative data from comprehensive residual PPD profiles may contribute to the improved planning of SPT intervals.