bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tense and aspect marking in (Low) German perfect constructions based on variety contact
Authors: Weber Kathrin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Synchronic variability is an essential characteristic of all human languages. However, issues of linguistic variation have only recently become a popular topic within the framework of construction grammar (cf. Hoffmann 2011), cognitive sociolinguistics (Geeraerts et al. 2010) and variety contact (Höder 2014). This paper investigates synchronic variation of perfect auxiliary constructions with the verb anfangen (‘to start/to begin’) in variety contact of Low- and High German in the Westphalian and Emslandic areas. Based on qualitative and quantitative data analysis, we provide a model of the constructions within Cognitive Linguistics in the form of a two-dimensional geometric analysis of aspectual construals (Croft 2012) and Construction Grammar (Goldberg 1995).
Distributional assimilation in constructional semantics
Authors: Colleman Timothy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper brings a contact linguistic perspective to the investigation of variation and change in the semantic structures of schematic argument structure constructions, i.e. diachronic constructional semasiology. The empirical focus is on three clusters of ongoing change in the lexical and semantic possibilities of three-argument constructions in Afrikaans that can plausibly be related to interlingual identification with formally and functionally similar English argument structure constructions. The main theoretical argument is that the concept of distributional assimilation as introduced by Gast & van der Auwera (2012) can be fruitfully extended to constructional semantics.
Constructions as cross-linguistic generalizations over instances
Authors: Östman Jan-Ola 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The study takes the position that constructions (as form–meaning–function constellations) are not by definition language specific. This position is supported and illustrated with a case where different types of passive constructions in one language come in contact with ways of expressing comparable meanings and functions in another language. The functions of the constructions in the languages are in many respects similar, albeit that the languages express these functions differently in form. This opens up the very question of what is to be counted as “the same form” in two different languages, which leads to an approach where semantic and pragmatic features are given a more central place in the constructional analysis.
The two languages and their contact features investigated are Finnish and Swedish, and in particular the Solv dialect of Swedish, i.e., languages that are both typologically and genetically very different from each other. Actives and passives are seen as constituting different patterns that speakers orient to and use; patterns are not constructions in the traditional sense of form–meaning pairs, but constructions as meaning–function constellations. The study suggests that what we may interpret as Swedish dialects having borrowed features from Finnish in their passive constructions is rather the result of a long-standing cultural give-and-take situation between Finnish and Swedish in the Solf community.
A constructional account of the modal particle ‘ja’ in Texas German
Authors: Boas Hans C. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The last decade has seen the expansion of systematic study of spoken language within Construction Grammar (Fried & Östman 2005, Östman 2006,
Günthner 2006, Imo 2007). While most studies have only noted that a specific syntactic pattern may have different manifestations in spoken language and in ‘standard’ grammar, the emphasis in these studies has been on the domain of the sentence/utterance as the appropriate context of analysis (e.g. Lambrecht & Lemoine 2005). To overcome this bias, this paper presents a case study of a constructional representation and analysis of a regular patterning in natural discourse, namely the modal particle ja in Texas German, a critically endangered dialect (see Boas 2009, Boas & Pierce 2011).
ConDo: protein domain boundary prediction using coevolutionary information
Authors: Hong Seung Hwan , Joo Keehyoung , Lee Jooyoung 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Domain boundary prediction is one of the most important problems in the study of protein structure and function. Many sequence-based domain boundary prediction methods are either template-based or machine learning (ML) based. ML-based methods often perform poorly due to their use of only local (i.e. short-range) features. These conventional features such as sequence profiles, secondary structures and solvent accessibilities are typically restricted to be within 20 residues of the domain boundary candidate.

Results
To address the performance of ML-based methods, we developed a new protein domain boundary prediction method (ConDo) that utilizes novel long-range features such as coevolutionary information in addition to the aforementioned local window features as inputs for ML. Toward this purpose, two types of coevolutionary information were extracted from multiple sequence alignment using direct coupling analysis: (i) partially aligned sequences, and (ii) correlated mutation information. Both the partially aligned sequence information and the modularity of residue–residue couplings possess long-range correlation information.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/gicsaw/ConDo.git

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A two-stage estimation procedure for non-linear structural equation models
Authors: Holst Klaus Kähler , Budtz-Jørgensen Esben 
Published: November 2018

SummaryApplications of structural equation models (SEMs) are often restricted to linear associations between variables. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in non-linear models may be complex and require numerical integration. Furthermore, ML inference is sensitive to distributional assumptions. In this article, we introduce a simple two-stage estimation technique for estimation of non-linear associations between latent variables. Here both steps are based on fitting linear SEMs: first a linear model is fitted to data on the latent predictor and terms describing the non-linear effect are predicted by their conditional means. In the second step, the predictions are included in a linear model for the latent outcome variable. We show that this procedure is consistent and identifies its asymptotic distribution. We also illustrate how this framework easily allows the association between latent variables to be modeled using restricted cubic splines, and we develop a modified estimator which is robust to non-normality of the latent predictor. In a simulation study, we compare the proposed method to MLE and alternative two-stage estimation techniques.
In vitro anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles
Authors: de Souza Silveira Valente Júlia , Braga Caroline Quintana , Brasil Carolina Litchina , Baptista Cristiane Telles , Reis Guilherme Fonseca , Panagio Luciano Aparecido , Nakazato Gerson , de Oliveira Hübner Silvia , Soares Mauro Pereira , de Avila Botton Sônia , Pereira Daniela Isabel Brayer 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPythium insidiosum belongs to the phylum Oomycota. It is capable of infecting mammals causing a serious condition called pythiosis, which affects mainly horses in Brazil and humans in Thailand. The objective of the present study was to verify the in vitro anti-P. insidiosum activity of a biogenic silver nanoparticle (bio-AgNP) formulation. The in vitro assays were evaluated on P. insidiosum isolates (n = 38) following the M38-A2 protocol. Damage to the P. insidiosum hyphae ultrastructure was verified by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bio-AgNP inhibition concentrations on P. insidiosum isolates ranged from 0.06 to 0.47 μg/ml. It was observed through SEM that P. insidiosum hyphae treated showed surface roughness, as well as cell walls with multiple retraction areas, loss of continuity, and rupture in some areas. The TEM of treated hyphae did not differentiate organelle structures; also, the cellular wall was rarefied, showing wrinkled and partly ruptured borders. The bio-AgNP evaluated has excellent in vitro anti-P. insidiosum activity. However, further studies on its in vivo action are necessary as so to determine the possibility of its use in the treatment of the disease in affected hosts.
Evolution of galactic magnetic fields
Authors: Rodrigues L F S , Chamandy L , Shukurov A , Baugh C M , Taylor A R 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTWe study the cosmic evolution of the magnetic fields of a large sample of spiral galaxies in a cosmologically representative volume by employing a semi-analytic galaxy formation model and numerical dynamo solver in tandem. We start by deriving time- and radius-dependent galaxy properties using the galform galaxy formation model, which are then fed into the non-linear mean-field dynamo equations. These are solved to give the large-scale (mean) field as a function of time and galactocentric radius for a thin disc, assuming axial symmetry. A simple prescription for the evolution of the small-scale (random) magnetic field component is also adopted. We find that, while most massive galaxies are predicted to have large-scale magnetic fields at redshift $z$ = 0, a significant fraction of them is expected to contain negligible large-scale field. Our model indicates that, for most of the galaxies containing large-scale magnetic fields today, the mean-field dynamo becomes active at $z$ &lt; 3. Moreover, the typical magnetic field strength at any given galactic stellar mass is predicted to decline with time up until the present epoch, in agreement with our earlier results. We compute the radial profiles of pitch angle, and find broad agreement with observational data for nearby galaxies.
High rates of protein intake are associated with an accelerated rate of decline of residual kidney function in incident peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Otero Alonso Pablo , Pérez Fontán Miguel , López Iglesias Antía , García Falcón Teresa , Rodríguez-Carmona Ana 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundPreservation of residual kidney function (RKF) is a relevant objective in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The influence of dietary protein intake (PI) on this variable has not been adequately investigated.MethodsFollowing an observational design, we studied 336 patients incident on PD, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. The main study variable was the mean PI [normalized rate of protein nitrogen appearance (nPNA)] during the first 4 months on PD. The main outcome variables were the absolute rate of decline of RKF and the proportion of patients presenting a >50% decay of their RKF during the first year of follow-up. We applied univariate and multivariate strategies of analysis, taking into consideration the main control variables bearing a correlation with nPNA and/or RKF.ResultsMean nPNA (first 4 months) was 1.23 ± 0.33 g/kg/day, while the overall rate of decline of RKF was −0.13 ± 0.29 mL/min/month; 69 patients (25.1%) had lost >50% of their initial RKF by the end of the first year. Univariate analysis disclosed consistent associations between the main study variable on one hand and baseline RKF (r = 0.32, P < 0.0005) and its rate of decline (r = −0.23, P < 0.0005) on the other. The latter two variables were also significantly correlated (r = −0.36, P < 0.0005). Multivariate analysis identified mean nPNA as an independent predictor of the rate of decline of RKF [odds ratio 1.09 per 0.10 g/kg/day, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99–1.19, P = 0.058] and, in particular, of the probability of losing >50% of the baseline RKF during the first year of treatment (odds ratio 1.15 per 0.10 g/kg/day, 95% CI 1.04–1.27, P = 0.006).ConclusionHigher rates of PI during the first months of therapy are associated with a faster decline of RKF among patients incident on PD. Our results underline the convenience of keeping an adequate balance between sufficient protein ingestion, to prevent malnutrition and wasting, and sensible restriction in stable, adequately nourished individuals with rates of intake in the higher range or above-recommended allowances.
Prevention of Opioid-Induced Nausea and Vomiting During Treatment of Moderate to Severe Acute Pain: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Comparing CL-108 (Hydrocodone 7.5 mg/Acetaminophen 325 mg/Rapid-Release, Low-Dose Promethazine 12.5 mg) with Conventional Hydrocodone 7.5 mg/Acetaminophen 325 mg
Authors: Zuniga John R , Papas Athena S , Daniels Stephen E , Patrick Kyle , Muse Derek D , Oreadi Daniel , Giannakopoulos Helen E , Granquist Eric J , Levin Lawrence M , Chou Joli C , Maibach Hilda , Schachtel Bernard P 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the prevention of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting (OINV) and the relief of moderate to severe acute pain by CL-108, a novel drug combining a low-dose antiemetic (rapid-release promethazine 12.5 mg) with hydrocodone 7.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg (HC/APAP) was used.MethodsThis was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled multidose study. After surgical extraction of two or more impacted third molar teeth (including at least one mandibular impaction), 466 patients with moderate to severe pain (measured on a categorical pain intensity scale [PI-CAT]) were randomized to CL-108, HC/APAP, or placebo. Over the next 24 hours, patients used the PI-CAT to assess pain at regular intervals whereas nausea, vomiting, and other opioid-related side effects were also assessed prospectively. Study medications were taken every four to six hours as needed; supplemental rescue analgesic and antiemetic medications were permitted. Co-primary end points were the incidence of OINV and the time-weighted sum of pain intensity differences over 24 hours (SPID24).ResultsRelative to HC/APAP treatment alone, CL-108 treatment reduced OINV by 64% (P &lt; 0.001). Treatment with CL-108 significantly reduced pain intensity compared with placebo (SPID24 = 16.2 vs 3.5, P &lt; 0.001). There were no unexpected or serious adverse events.ConclusionsCL-108 is a safe and effective combination analgesic/antiemetic for the prevention of OINV during treatment of moderate to severe acute pain.
A MODEL TO PREDICT 238U IN AQUIFER ROCK BASED ON 222Rn AND 226Ra MEASUREMENT IN GROUNDWATER SAMPLES: A CASE STUDY AT SOUTH BENGALURU CITY, KARNATAKA, INDIA
Authors: Poojitha C G , Sahoo B K , Ganesh K E , Pranesha T S , Sapra B K 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNaturally occurring 222Rn and 226Ra concentrations were investigated in groundwater samples collected from different parts of South Bengaluru city using Smart RnDuo monitor developed indigenously by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), India. The study area has been divided into two zones on the basis of external gamma radiation dose rates as zone A (100–200 nSv/h) and zone B (above 200 nSv/h). Radon concentration in groundwater for various sites, both supported (contribution from dissolved 226Ra in water) and unsupported (contribution from aquifer rock), was estimated. Assuming that 238U and 226Ra are roughly in secular equilibrium in the aquifer rock, a model has been proposed to predict the uranium (238U) content in the aquifer rocks using onsite measured 222Rn concentration and dissolved 226Ra concentration in the groundwater. Results of a case study carried out at South Bengaluru city, Karnataka, India have been discussed in the paper.
Abnormal Pouchogram Predicts Pouch Failure Even in Asymptomatic Patients
Authors: Sossenheimer Philip H. , Glick Laura R. , Dachman Abraham H. , Skowron Kinga B. , Rubin Michele A. , Umanskiy Konstantin , Smith Radhika , Cannon Lisa M. , Hurst Roger D. , Cohen Russell D. , Hyman Neil H. , Rubin David T. 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND:
Anastomotic complications after restorative total proctocolectomy with IPAA for ulcerative colitis alter functional outcomes and quality of life and may lead to pouch failure. Routine contrast enema of the pouch assesses anastomotic integrity before ileostomy reversal, but its clinical use is challenged.

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this research was to assess the relationship among preoperative clinical characteristics, abnormal pouchography, and long-term pouch complications.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective chart review.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted at a tertiary care center between 2000 and 2010.

PATIENTS:
Ulcerative colitis patients with IPAA undergoing pouchography before ileostomy closure were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Patient demographics, incidence of pouch-related complications, and findings on pouchogram were recorded. Primary outcome was pouch failure, defined as excision or permanent diversion of the ileoanal pouch. Independent predictors of pouch failure were determined by multivariate regression.

RESULTS:
A total of 262 patients with ulcerative colitis were included. Contrast extravasation was seen in 27 patients (10.3%): 14 (51.9%) were clinically asymptomatic at the time of pouchogram. Six (22.2%) of 27 patients with extravasation developed pouch failure despite normalization of the pouchogram before ileostomy closure. Forty patients (15.3%) were found to have pouch-anal anastomotic stenosis; only 1 developed pouch failure. Pre-IPAA serum albumin and hemoglobin levels were inversely associated with contrast extravasation (serum albumin: OR = 0.42; hemoglobin: OR = 0.77; p < 0.05). Contrast extravasation was associated with delayed takedown operation (average = 67 d), increased risk (OR = 5.25; p < 0.01), and shorter time (median = 32.0 vs 72.5 mo; HR = 5.88; p < 0.05) to pouch failure, as well as increased risk of pouch-related complications (p < 0.05).

LIMITATIONS:
The study was limited by its retrospective nature and small number of patients who developed pouch failure.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pouchography before ileostomy takedown is useful in identifying patients with ulcerative colitis at risk for postoperative complications. Radiologic resolution of IPAA-related leak does not reliably predict healing; caution is warranted in this subgroup. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A818.
Changes in Body Mass Index and Rates of Death and Transplant in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Brilleman Samuel L. , Moreno-Betancur Margarita , Polkinghorne Kevan R. , McDonald Stephen P. , Crowther Michael J. , Thomson Jim , Wolfe Rory 
Published: November 2018

Background:
The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and patient survival in end-stage kidney disease is not well understood and has been the subject of much debate over recent years.

Methods:
This study used a latent class joint modeling approach to identify latent groups that underpinned associations between patterns of change in BMI during hemodialysis and two competing events: transplant and death without transplant. We included all adult patients who initiated chronic hemodialysis treatment in Australia or New Zealand between 2005 and 2014.

Results:
There were 16,414 patients included in the analyses; 2,365 (14%) received a transplant, 5,639 (34%) died before transplant, and 8,410 (51%) were administratively censored. Our final model characterized patients based on five broad patterns of weight change (BMI trajectories): “late BMI decline” (about 2 years after commencing hemodialysis); “rapid BMI decline” (immediately after commencing hemodialysis); “stable and normal/overweight BMI”; “stable and morbidly obese BMI”; or “increasing BMI.” Mortality rates were highest among classes with declining BMI, and the timing of weight loss coincided with the timing of increases in mortality. Within the two stable BMI classes, death rates were slightly lower among the morbidly obese.

Conclusions:
The findings from this descriptive analysis suggest a paradoxical association between obesity and better survival. However, they also suggest that the shape of the BMI trajectory is important, with stable BMI trajectories being beneficial. Future research should be aimed at understanding the causes of weight changes during dialysis, to determine whether there could be strategies to improve patient survival.
Relationship Between UGT1A4 and UGT2B7 Polymorphisms and the Steady-State Plasma Concentrations of Lamotrigine in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depressive Disorder Receiving Lamotrigine as Augmentation Therapy
Authors: Suzuki Takeshi , Mihara Kazuo , Nagai Goyo , Kagawa Shoko , Nakamura Akifumi , Nemoto Kenji , Kondo Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2018

Background:
In a previous study, the authors had shown that in treatment-resistant depressive disorder, an early therapeutic response to lamotrigine augmentation therapy is dependent on its plasma concentrations. Lamotrigine is mainly metabolized by UGT1A4 and UGT2B7, and polymorphisms of said UGTs that affect enzyme activities have been reported. This study investigated the effect of these polymorphisms on the steady-state plasma concentrations (Css) of lamotrigine in patients with treatment-resistant depressive disorder receiving lamotrigine as augmentation therapy.

Methods:
The subjects were 103 depressed patients who had already shown insufficient response to at least 3 psychotropics including antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and atypical antipsychotics. The diagnoses were major depressive disorder (n = 46), bipolar II disorder (n = 44), and bipolar I disorder (n = 13). They received augmentation therapy with lamotrigine for 8 weeks. The final doses of lamotrigine were 100 mg/d for 67 subjects who were not taking valproate and 75 mg/d for 36 subjects taking valproate, respectively. Blood sampling was performed at the 8th week. Plasma concentrations of lamotrigine were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The genotypes of UGT1A4 142T>G, UGT2B7 -161C>T, and UGT2B7 372A>G were identified by polymerase chain reaction analyses.

Results:
There were no significant relationships between these polymorphisms and the Css of lamotrigine in the subjects regardless of valproate comedication.

Conclusions:
This study suggests that these genetic polymorphisms do not affect the Css of lamotrigine in patients with treatment-resistant depressive disorder receiving lamotrigine as augmentation therapy.