bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND NATURAL SCIENCE ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Mawar Sari Dewi Nurhayati Arum , Nailil Muna Anjanisa , Susilayati Muslimah 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: This study aims to determine the material integration of Islamic religious education and natural science on photosynthesis experiments.
Methodology: This research is library research. Data obtained from a literature review. The analytical method used is conceptual-descriptive.
Findings: The results of the study show that there are two topics of natural science material experiments closely relatedtoscientific cues on QS. Yasin verse 80, QS. Nuh verse 16, and QS. Thaha verse 53. Those topics are about light and photosynthesis. Light (an-nur) is one of the names of letters in the Qur'an. Photosynthesis experiments can explain the relationship of light interpretation materially. Sunlight is the main source of energy for the life of all living things in the world. For plants especially those with chlorophyll, sunlight greatly determines photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a basic process in plants to produce food. The food produced will determine the availability of energy for plant growth and development. Low light intensity has three choices, namely: reduction of respiration speed, increase in leaf area to obtain a larger surface absorption of light; and increased photosynthetic velocity per unit of light energy and leaf area.
Applications: This study can be used by Islamic education institution for education, research, and community services.
Novelty/Originality: This study is the integration between scientific cues and natural science experiment material.
Análise sensorial e físico-química de geleia de achachairu (Garcinia humillis (Vahl) C. D. Adam)
Authors: Oliveira Karla Danielle de Castro , Silva Sumária Sousa e , Loss Raquel Aparecida , Guedes Sumaya Ferreira 
Published: February 2019

O objetivo desse trabalho foi elaborar duas formulações de geleias dos frutos de achachairu e avaliar suas caraterísticas físico-químicas (acidez, cinzas, sólidos solúveis totais, pH e umidade) e sensoriais (aceitação, preferência, intenção de compra, escala do ideal e índice de aceitabilidade). Uma das formulações foi elaborada com açúcar mascavo e a outra com açúcar cristal, na proporção de 50% de polpa e açúcar. A geleia com açúcar mascavo apresentou maiores médias de acidez (0,7%), cinzas (0,8%), sólidos solúveis totais (67,4°Brix), pH (4,1) e umidade (39,1%). Na análise sensorial, ambas mostraram igual preferência e aceitação. No teste da escala do ideal, a geleia com açúcar cristal foi classificada como ideal pela maioria dos julgadores, de acordo com os atributos sensoriais de acidez (76%), doçura (78%) e viscosidade (68%). Já a intenção de compra, ficou na escala de certamente compraria para 40 e 44% dos provadores da geleia com açúcar cristal e mascavo, respectivamente. O índice de aceitabilidade das duas formulações de geleias adoçadas com açúcar cristal e mascavo foi de 94,96% e 94,14%, respectivamente. Portanto, a formulação de geleia com a polpa de achachairu torna-se uma alternativa para agregar valor às frutas exóticas brasileiras.
Practicality Analysis of Developing the Student Worksheet Oriented Blended Learning in Acid Base Material
Authors: Irsalina Ayu , Dwiningsih Kusumawati 
Published: February 2019

<div class="WordSection1"><p>This study aims to produce a Student Worksheet (LKPD) in an integrated manner with blended learning oriented, the learning was carried out based on 1) the online and offline activities of students; and 2) student responses. The design of this study was using the stages of defining, designing, and developing, followed by testing. Data collection had been conducted by using instruments for measuring student activity and responses. The results of this study indicate that 1) the online and offline activities of students were 97.03 and 98.33%, respectively and 2) the results of the questionnaire responses of students were 93.33%. Based on the results of the response and online and offline activities it can be indicated that the development of LKPD is very practical to be use in acid-base subject learning.</p><p> </p></div>
Utility of Perioperative Peripheral Nerve Block in Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Radi Joshua K. , Curtis Amy B. , DiSilvio Frank , Vangsnes Eric , Byram Scott , Summers Hobie 
Published: February 2019

Background:
There is a problem with opioid use in the United States. The aim of this research was to identify techniques to decrease opioid use in a specific patient population. Is perioperative peripheral nerve block (PNB) for tibial plateau fractures associated with postoperative opioid prescription, inpatient length of stay, and readmission?

Methods:
This was a retrospective secondary data analysis of patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years with operative tibial plateau fractures from 2006 to 2015 at a level-I trauma center. Exclusion criteria included preinjury opioid use or history of opioid dependence, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class of ≥3, renal or lower-extremity neurological impairment, and/or rheumatoid arthritis. Three hundred and fifteen operative tibial plateau fractures were identified and, following application of our exclusion criteria, the final sample size was 216. The patients were classified as receiving a single-shot PNB versus no PNB. The main outcome measurements included total inpatient and long-term opioid use, hospital length of stay, and early follow-up, which were compared in both groups.

Results:
There was less total opioid use on the day of surgery (p = 0.044, t = 2.028, mean difference = 27.109 mg, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.766 to 53.452], degrees of freedom [df] = 1) and a decrease in hospital length of stay by 2.8 days in the single-shot PNB group (p = 0.003, t = 2.990, mean difference = 2.812 days, 95% CI [0.952 to 4.672]) compared with the no-PNB group.

Conclusions:
Single-shot PNB may be an effective method for decreasing day-of-surgery opioid use and hospital length of stay for patients undergoing tibial plateau fracture repair compared with no PNB. Single-shot PNB did not impact readmission or long-term opioid usage compared with no PNB for tibial plateau fracture repair. Rebound pain needs to be controlled for on postoperative day 1.
Current Options in Tendon Transfers for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Checchia Caio , Domos Peter , Grimberg Jean , Kany Jean 
Published: February 2019

* For posterosuperior tears, even though these are not absolute contraindications, the following preoperative variables have been found to significantly correlate with poorer outcomes when performing a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer (or possibly even other tendon transfers, but very few data are available concerning these tears): previous shoulder surgical procedure, atrophy and fatty infiltration (Goutallier stage of ≥3) of the teres minor muscle, subscapularis insufficiency (positive lift-off test), pseudoparetic shoulders (defined as those with massive rotator cuff tears and with active elevation of <90°), and passive forward elevation of ≤80°.* For isolated subscapularis failure, pectoralis major tendon transfers have disappointing results, and some data on combined latissimus dorsi and teres major transfers have shown clinical improvement at 2 years.* The following 5 principles of tendon transfers should be respected whenever possible: (1) accurate positioning of the transferred tendon reimplantation site, (2) physiological tensioning of the transferred muscle-tendon unit, (3) strong osseous fixation of the reimplanted tendon, (4) minimally invasive surgery to reduce muscle scarring (so as not to hinder excursion of the transfer), and (5) a synergistic transfer.
Petroleum Engineering - The Best Profession
Authors: Mody Rustom K. 
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering
Short of choosing a life partner, deciding on a profession may be the most important decision any of us ever makes. And there are many who would debate which of these takes precedence. I consider myself amazingly fortunate in having made perfect choices in both categories. Anyone who has met my wife, Dina, can vouch for the first one. This is my opportunity to talk about the second.
When people ask me what I think about petroleum engineering as a profession, I answer, “Petroleum engineering is not just a great profession; it’s the best profession.” Here is why. Name another profession that is fun, intellectually and physically challenging, personally and financially rewarding, and critical to true global sustainability on both a macro and micro scale. I can’t think of one.
Beyond the basics of skills, aptitude, education, and interest, the way we choose our professions has changed dramatically over the past 50 to 60 years. The goal for many of our parents, and even some of us, depending on our age, was to join a company where we could make a good living, rise in the ranks, and work from graduation to retirement. That world no longer exists.
Today the question of what to consider when choosing a profession consumes magazines, books, and the internet. A 2018 online Harvard Business Review (HBR) article reported on what motivates people at work, beyond obvious basics such as salary, time off, and benefits. To find answers, HBR’s people analytics team collaborated with Facebook. Based on surveys conducted twice a year asking what employees value most, the team identified three big buckets of motivators: career, community, and cause.
As the article said, “It turns out we’re all hoping to find a what, a who, and a why.”
Career—The What
According to HBR, career is about work. It’s about autonomy, about using your strengths, and promoting learning and development. It’s at the heart of intrinsic motivation. It’s what you do throughout your working life, and may span many jobs and many companies.
Engineers share many traits, perhaps the most common of which is our love of solving problems. Petroleum engineering is the pinnacle of problem solving. For the 7.2 billion people on our planet, we have to solve the problem of how to deliver affordable energy from oil and gas, and how to do so safely and economically. We must solve the problem of operating in ways that don’t threaten our planet and its future generations. And, we must do all of this in a way that helps our employers achieve acceptable return on investment.
What Lies Ahead for Hydrocarbons in the Global Energy Mix?
Authors: Whitfield Stephen 
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering
Continual change is an indisputable feature of the oil and gas industry. The industry that exists today bears little resemblance to the one that existed 40 years ago. Forty years from now, energy demand, consumption habits, technologies to produce and deliver energy, and regulations will again have changed in ways known and unknown.
One of the big drivers in the shift moving forward is climate change, and the downward pressure on carbon emissions needed to achieve goals outlined in the Paris Agreement, an intergovernmental climate deal aimed at taking steps to limit the increase in global warming. World energy demand will continue to rise, and fueling the world will require abundant resources from a variety of sources. The transition is already under way to diversify the fuel mix, and hydrocarbons remain in a position to meet the needs of a changing environment, whatever they may be.
The New Energy Landscape
In January, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) released its 2019 Energy Outlook, a collection of modeled projections of what may happen in the energy sector given certain assumptions and methodologies. Its reference case projection is the agency’s best assessment of how US and world energy markets will operate through 2050, assuming improvement in known energy production, delivery, and consumption technology trends.
The outlook focused on US oil and gas production in the near term, but it also discussed the changing mix in energy sources expected to materialize over the next couple of decades. Renewable energy will become a larger part of the mix. Driven by solar and wind, renewables today make up nearly 20% of electricity generation, a change that has resulted in the overall carbon dioxide intensity of the electric power sector declining by 25% from the mid-2000s to today. EIA projects this downward trend to continue through 2050.
While increased renewable use has led to reduction in CO2 intensity in some areas, some are questioning whether that reduction is enough. During an EIA webcast panel discussing key findings from the outlook, moderator Jason Grumet, founder and president of the Bipartisan Policy Center, said that based on the scenarios outlined in the Paris Agreement and a report by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released last year, the energy industry will need to innovate to reduce emissions to levels needed to limit global warming.
The X-Factor in PE: Women in the Industry
Authors: Feder Judy 
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering
Employment of petroleum engineers is projected to grow 15% from 2016 to 2026, much faster than the average for all occupations. There is a strong movement within the industry and among the companies that comprise it to ensure that as this growth occurs, the percentage of women in the global workforce and in senior positions also grows. Increased gender diversity has been proven to benefit organizational performance through higher-quality teamwork, improved problem solving, greater creativity, and lower-risk decision making, as exemplified by the women interviewed for this article.
Vicki Hollub, Occidental Petroleum
Vicki Hollub, president and chief operating officer of Occidental Petroleum (Oxy), is the first female CEO of a major US oil company. She was appointed CEO in April 2016 during a severe downturn in the industry.
Under Hollub, Oxy cut production costs in response to falling crude prices, but decided not to lay off employees, and focused instead on existing core operations in the Middle East, the US, and Colombia, and selling low-yield fields in the US and Middle East.
Diana Hoff, Antero Resources
Diana Hoff, vice president of operations for Antero Resources, says petroleum engineering has been a lifelong connection to her “pumper Grandpa” and a life’s work with meaning.
Hoff began her career as a production engineer for Chevron in the US Gulf of Mexico, often supervising jobs such as wireline interventions and stimulations herself on site. Starting in production gave her the opportunity to interact with diverse groups across reservoir engineering, geoscience, drilling and completions, and joint ventures, and built a solid foundation in understanding the interactions among these groups and the needs of each to be effective.
Karen Olson, Southwestern Energy
Karen Olson, technology director for Southwestern Energy, is recognized for leading industry efforts to manage water use and become better stewards of fresh water. Her SPE Distinguished Lecture, “Freshwater Neutral: Managing Water Use and Giving Back to the Environment,” is based on her leading role in Southwestern Energy’s ECH2O— Energy Conserving Water—initiative to replenish or offset each gallon of fresh water used in hydraulic fracturing operations through conservation practices, projects, and technologies.
Soma Chakraborty, Baker Hughes
Soma Chakraborty is engineering technical leader for Baker Hughes, a GE company, an expert in nanotechnology, and a pioneer in its application in oilfield operations. Chakraborty, who holds a PhD in chemistry from the India Institute of Technology in Mumbai and completed a post-doctoral fellowship in nanotechnology at Rice University, joined Baker Hughes in 2008.
Petroleum: The Gift That Keeps On Giving
Authors: Rao Vikram 
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering
In 1798, Thomas Malthus, an English cleric and scholar, published An Essay on the Principle of Population. The central thesis was that population would grow exponentially, while food production would do so linearly, leading to catastrophic famine beyond the cross-over point. He did explore interventions on population growth, but the linearity of food production was not seriously challenged until a century later.
In 1909, Fritz Haber invented a means to produce industrial-scale ammonia (later perfected in collaboration with a BASF colleague, Carl Bosch, yielding the Haber-Bosch process) by reacting hydrogen from natural gas with nitrogen from the air. For this he received the Nobel Prize in 1918, although not without controversy due to his wartime role in the production of chlorine as a chemical weapon. Ammonia-based fertilizer, primarily in the form of ammonium nitrate and urea, transformed agricultural production, resulting in complete avoidance of the “Malthusian catastrophe.” This was the first dramatic contribution of the petroleum industry for the betterment of the human condition.
For sheer impact, in touching the lives of virtually everybody on the planet, Haber-Bosch is hard, if not impossible, to beat. While food (together with water) is arguably the most important human need in terms of sustaining life, affordable energy is an important determinant of the quality of that life. Low-cost energy is the tide that lifts all boats of economic prosperity. Innovation in the petroleum industry has, in the past decade alone, created widespread low-cost energy that appears to be here to stay.
It began with shale gas. The first decade of this century saw wild fluctuation in the price of natural gas. Few parameters dampen the enthusiasm for capital investment more than uncertainty in the price of key consumables. Unlike oil, gas pricing is regional. The chemical industry fed by natural gas, such as methanol production, fled from the US to countries with cheap gas. Then, a combination of the technologies of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing led to the exploitation of gas in geologies previously considered intractable: shale gas deposits. An explosion of drilling resulted in gas priced under $3/million BTU. The volumes eliminated the need for imported liquefied natural gas (LNG). In fact, the US became an exporter of LNG. The net effect was that natural gas prices dropped and stabilized worldwide, although at higher levels than in the US. And increased availability of LNG in Europe resulted in gas no longer being considered as a potential weapon of political will.
Shale gas single-handedly accounted for the emergence of the US from the last recession. Natural gas is either a critical raw material (e.g., for ammonia or methanol synthesis) or is a source of energy for a reaction such as in steel making. Cheap and plentiful natural gas catapulted the growth of the associated industrial processes.
Technology Focus: Production Monitoring
Authors: Mittal Rohit 
Published: February 2019

Technology Focus
It stands to reason that a major draw for JPT’s readers is the continual discussion of new technologies and emerging methods in its pages. Professionals in our industry, working in a highly technical field to begin with, appreciate innovation backed by rigorous study that will make their jobs easier and enable the goal of improving life for the planet’s population. (For more reflections on this theme, please see the Professional Pride section.) To this end, I have selected three papers that join this desire for innovation with the potential offered by emerging technologies.
Oil-rim position is literally a moving target in the context of production monitoring and is often too challenging a task for the conventional approach of using periodic gradiometric surveys. The authors of paper SPE 188868, however, explore the possibilities presented by optical pressure gauges in capturing these fluid levels with greater accuracy without requiring costly interventions and associated health, safety, and environmental risks.
In a similar vein, precise monitoring of the waterflooding process by traditional means of seismic- and gravity-based methods is problematic for a variety of reasons. One potential solution is the use of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) techniques, but these have mostly been limited to 2D geometries. In paper SPE 191544, the authors discuss the implementation of a technique that marries CSEM technology with 3D-measurement capability to overcome the monitoring difficulties posed by the waterflooding process.
Finally, as the big data revolution over-takes our industry as well as many others, increased attention has been paid to the area of machine learning. The authors of paper SPE 192819 use artificial neural networks to interpret data and estimate production rate effectively in both simulated and field data. Though many factors can influence the outcomes (as with any type of measurement), the method holds promise for improving the flowmetering and back-allocation phases of monitoring.
As noted last year in this space, our industry is one often considered reactive and overly tradition-bound. These new technologies, however—and, more importantly, the drive of these researchers to harness their capabilities—prove that petroleum engineers remain at the forefront of innovation and discovery and that we all may share in their professional pride.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 193051 Revisiting Petrophysical and Fluid Characteristics of a Mature Smectite-Rich Shally Sand Reservoir for EOR Screening in the Sultanate of Oman by Arwa al-Harrasi, Petroleum Development Oman, et al.
SPE 193183 Real-Time Hydrocarbon Mapping by Time-Lapse Borehole Electric Tomography by Paolo Dell’Aversana, Eni, et al.
Impact of Management Practices on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Corn–Soybean Rotations
Authors: Dold C. , Hatfield J. L. , Prueger J. H. , Sauer T. J. , Moorman T. B. , Wacha K. M. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
Soil management affects carbon and water dynamics.
Net ecosystem production was higher in reduced till systems.
Ecosystem respiration was higher in tillage systems.
Residue management most likely to affect net ecosystem production and ecosystem respiration.
Corn [Zea mays L.] and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are important US crops, and soil management typically comprises tillage activities, yet improvements in management practices may have substantial impact on C and water dynamics. This study's aim was to determine management impact on C and water fluxes. Four eddy covariance stations monitored evapotranspiration (ET) and net ecosystem production (NEP) in 2016–2017 in two corn–soybean–rotation systems—a conventional and a transitional system to reduced till with cover crop (i.e., aspirational). Net biome production (NBP), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), and inherent water use efficiency (IWUE*) were calculated. Aspirational site NEP was higher than the conventional site with 565 vs. 421 g C m−2 in corn, and 108 vs. −64 g C m−2 in soybean. The aspirational RE was lower than under conventional management for both corn and soybean. Aspirational corn GPP was lower than conventional with 1285 and 1405 g C m−2, and no difference in soybean with 750 and 742 g C m−2. Linear regression (p < 0.05) showed higher NEP regression slopes in spring in the conventional compared with the aspirational system, with −0.016 and −0.004 in soybean, and −0.012 and −0.005 in corn. The soybean‐years were a C source in both management systems. Although annual ET was similar among crops and management with 589 to 610 mm, the growing season IWUE* was higher under conventional management. Reduced tillage substantially improved C dynamics in corn and soybean, whereas ET was less affected.