bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Windinduzierte Schwingungen an den Hängern der ÖBB‐Rheinbrücke
Authors: Castillo Ruano Pablo , Dallinger Sonja , Bruschetini‐Ambro Zoran , Bartl Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDie ÖBB‐Rheinbrücke bei Lustenau ist ein in ihrer Art neuartiges Stahl‐Betonverbund‐Bogentragwerk mit einer Spannweite von 102 m. Das Haupttragwerk ist ein Langerscher Balken mit zwölf Rundstahlhängern je Brückenseite zu je 100 mm Durchmesser mit einer maximalen Hängerlänge von 18,9 m. Bei derartigen Bogenbrücken mit Stahlhängern können vom Wind angeregte Hängerschwingungen hochfrequente Spannungsschwankungen mit großer Amplitude in den Hängern und deren Anschlüssen hervorrufen. Dies kann sich aus ermüdungstechnischer Sicht als problematisch erweisen. Nach der Fertigstellung der Brücke wurde planmäßig ein umfangreiches Monitoring durchgeführt, welches das Ziel verfolgte, Informationen über die auftretenden Hängerschwingungen und die daraus entstehenden Schädigungen des Materials zu erhalten, sodass festgestellt werden kann, ob schwingungsreduzierende Maßnahmen getroffen werden müssen. Im Zuge des Monitorings und der Auswertung wurde festgestellt, dass vom Wind angeregte Hängerschwingungen bewirken können, dass ermüdungsrelevante Spannungsschwingbreiten auftreten. In diesem Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen von zwei verschiedenen physikalischen Phänomenen – wirbelerregte Querschwingungen und Regen‐Wind‐induzierte Schwingungen – auf die Lebensdauer des Bauwerks diskutiert sowie schwingungsreduzierende Maßnahmen vorgestellt, die zur Abschwächung dieser Effekte beitragen.
Zur Sanierung von Stahl‐Kassettenwänden
Authors: Kuhnhenne Markus , Pauli Gesa , Pyschny Dominik 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDie Sanierung von Stahl‐Kassettenwänden in Bestandsgebäuden bietet ein erhebliches Potenzial zur Energieeinsparung. Die insbesondere bei Nichtwohngebäuden häufig genutzte mehrschalige Konstruktionsweise, bestehend aus raumabschließenden, ausgedämmten Kassettenprofilen und einer Außenschale, entspricht ohne Zusatzdämmung nicht den heutigen Anforderungen an die thermische Qualität von Gebäudehüllen. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz werden neben dem vollständigen Austausch des gesamten Wandaufbaus zwei Möglichkeiten zur Sanierung vorgestellt, bei denen die vorhandenen Kassettenprofile bestehen bleiben und somit der laufende Betrieb im Gebäude aufrechterhalten werden kann. Zum einen ist eine Sanierung mit Stahl‐Sandwichelementen möglich, zum anderen können mehrteilige Distanzkonstruktionen mit einer zusätzlichen Dämmebene genutzt werden. Die vorgestellten Untersuchungen zeigen, dass beide Varianten eine erhebliche Reduktion der Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten des Wandaufbaus und somit eine Verbesserung der thermischen Qualität ermöglichen. Bei der Sanierung sind außerdem statische Anforderungen gemäß den aktuellen technischen Baubestimmungen einzuhalten. Neben veränderten Windlastannahmen sind eine ausreichende Stabilisierung der Kassettenprofile und der Abtrag der vertikalen Lasten aus dem Eigengewicht der Zusatzkonstruktion zu berücksichtigen.
A model for predicting flexural capacity of PVC‐CFRP tube confined reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Yu Feng , Zhang Yuxuan , Song Zekang , Fang Yuan , Xu Bo , Chen Zongping , Zhang Yufen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental study on 18 specimens, including 15 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)‐carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) tube confined reinforced concrete beams with longitudinal CFRP sheets (PCT‐RCBs‐LCS) and 3 PVC‐CFRP tube confined reinforced concrete beams (PCT‐RCBs). The effects of five studied parameters, such as longitudinal reinforcement rate (), concrete strength grade (), width () and number () of longitudinal CFRP sheet, and specimen dimensions (), on the failure mode and flexural capacity are investigated. The PCT‐RCBs‐LCS with lower and fail by the breakage of the PVC tube and the fracture of longitudinal CFRP sheets. Conversely, the cracking of PVC tube dominates the damage of the PCT‐RCBs‐LCS with higher and , while the longitudinal CFRP sheets are not broken. The introduction of longitudinal CFRP sheets can significantly improve the flexural capacity. The ultimate flexural capacity of the PCT‐RCBs‐LCS increases as the , , , or increases. In addition. considering the influence of RC beam section shape, a model for predicting the ultimate flexural capacity of the PCT‐RCBs‐LCS is proposed based on the limit equilibrium theory and cross‐sectional strain relationship. The predicted results of the proposed model agree well with test data.
Robustness of Dry‐Assembled Precast Wall and Coupled Wall‐Frame High‐Rise Structures With Voided Prestressed Slabs
Authors: Dal Lago Bruno , Gajera Krunal , Martinelli Paolo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPrecast concrete structures are recognized among the structural typologies that may mostly suffer from progressive collapse as a consequence of local unpredicted damage, also due to past accidents occurred in buildings employing old precast technologies neglecting the basic robustness criteria and characterized by poorly detailed and/or executed joints and connections. Although vertical ties may relatively easily be provided in both frame and wall panel structures by employing ductile connection devices, dry‐assembled precast systems avoiding concrete pouring in the whole superstructure typically struggle to provide horizontal ties as strong as required by the current standards concerning progressive collapse, in which they are not fully framed yet. Nevertheless, these systems may exploit alternative sources of robustness to stop collapse progression arising from their structural arrangement, the shape of the slab elements employed, and the slab mechanical connections. This article presents the results of a numerical investigation focused on the structural behavior of a dry‐assembled precast floor system consisting of prestressed box‐section slab elements employed in either wall panel or coupled wall‐frame structural systems following the loss of one or multiple primary load‐bearing vertical elements. Nonlinear static simulations of different loss scenarios occurring in prototypes of 100‐m‐tall high‐rise buildings were carried out based upon spread plasticity modeling of the structural elements and experimentally calibrated nonlinear behavior of mechanical connections.
Justice‐centered STEM education with multilingual learners to address societal challenges: A conceptual framework
Authors: Lee Okhee , Grapin Scott 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe propose a conceptual framework for STEM education that is centered around justice for minoritized groups. Justice‐centered STEM education engages all students in multiple STEM subjects, including data science and computer science, to explain and design solutions to societal challenges disproportionately impacting minoritized groups. We articulate the affordances of justice‐centered STEM education for one minoritized student group that has been traditionally denied meaningful STEM learning: multilingual learners (MLs). Justice‐centered STEM education with MLs leverages the assets they bring to STEM learning, including their transnational experiences and knowledge as well as their rich repertoire of meaning‐making resources. In this position paper, we propose our conceptual framework to chart a new research agenda on justice‐centered STEM education to address societal challenges with all students, especially MLs. Our conceptual framework incorporates four interrelated components by leveraging the convergence of multiple STEM disciplines to promote justice‐centered STEM education with MLs: (a) societal challenges in science education, (b) justice‐centered data science education, (c) justice‐centered computer science education, and (d) justice‐centered engineering education. The article illustrates our conceptual framework using the case of the COVID‐19 pandemic, which has presented an unprecedented societal challenge but also an unprecedented opportunity to cultivate MLs' assets toward promoting justice in STEM education. Finally, we describe how our conceptual framework establishes the foundation for a new research agenda that addresses increasingly complex, prevalent, and intractable societal challenges disproportionately impacting minoritized groups. We also consider broader issues pertinent to our conceptual framework, including the social and emotional impacts of societal challenges; the growth of science denial and misinformation; and factors associated with politics, ideology, and religion. Justice‐centered STEM education contributes to solving societal challenges that K‐12 students currently face while preparing them to shape a more just society.
Complexity, Features, and Comparisons in Forensic Handwriting Examination
Authors: Jones Kylie , Bird Carolyne 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article describes the approach and methodology utilized by forensic handwriting examiners (FHEs) in analyzing and comparing handwriting and signatures, with a focus on assessing complexity and characterizing features. This is one part of the handwriting examination process where the ultimate goal is to express an authorship opinion. The perceived complexity of handwriting by FHEs is a critical element in the examination process. It relates to the examiner's judgment of both the ease with which a handwriting sample might be simulated, and the possibility of a chance correspondence of features between two and more samples of writing written by different individuals. This assessment is relevant as part of both the pre‐analysis and evaluation stages of an examination. A broader set of features is also defined, comprising construction, spatial, and line quality features. Both habits and variations are noted. These are used to determine whether there are similarities or dissimilarities between two and more samples being compared.
Introduction
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

Abstract“Trust is the glue of life,” wrote the American author Stephen R. Covey about what he considered to be the most essential ingredient in effective communication. “It’s the foundational principle that holds all relationships—marriages, families, and organizations of every kind—together” (Covey et al., 1994, p. 203). This insight captures the essence of what this book is all about—an exploration into the critical role of trust. In our daily lives, trust is not only necessary when someone opens the door early in the morning and leaves the house to start the day; it forms the basis of our most routine actions and interactions. Without this fundamental trust, even the simplest tasks become daunting, underscoring the pervasive influence of trust in shaping our experiences. Trust dependence becomes even more pronounced in situations where individuals commit long-term resources, manifesting in forms such as marriage, pursuing higher education, purchasing a home, starting a business, or investing in one. Probably the most difficult investment decisions are those where past results cannot be used to make future predictions, either because circumstances have changed or because there are no available results upon which to project the future. The latter is especially true for startups; these companies lack reliable facts and figures as they are, by definition, still young. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and increasingly perfect deepfakes, contributions to a better understanding of the mechanism of trust formation are poised to grow in importance. This book provides a language-related contribution to these efforts in a context where factual evidence on which to base trust is scarce.
The Crisis Episode
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNikola’s surge in valuation was short-lived due to accusations from a short seller that triggered a trust crisis, casting doubt on the company’s technology claims and the founder’s integrity. This chapter argumentatively reconstructs the factors leading to Nikola’s decline, identifying the central points of attack against the backdrop of Nikola’s strategic investor communication framework. The chapter then examines Nikola’s response to the crisis and explores the transformative dynamics of the startup’s strategic communication during the crisis episode.
Findings and Evaluation
Authors: Born Marius 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter summarizes and discusses the findings of the Nikola Corporation case study, focusing on the intricate interplay of arguments and narratives in the startup’s strategic communication. The rapid rise and subsequent fall in valuation serve as a cautionary tale, offering broader insights into the challenges faced by emerging tech ventures. The discussion highlights the critical importance of effective and transparent strategic communication, emphasizing the risks associated with blind faith in charismatic founders and the necessity for robust internal checks and balances to guard against deception. By identifying red flags that should have alerted investors, this chapter provides valuable lessons on detecting early signs of overpromise and potential fraud in a startup’s strategic persuasion efforts.
Concluding Remarks: Toward a New Research Agenda
Authors: Rohne Till Emelie , Andersson Martin , Tsakok Isabelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter summarizes the book’s main findings and claims. Based on the analysis of the agricultural transformation of Taiwan, China (1950–1980); Ethiopia (1994–2020); the Philippines (1946–2020); and Malawi (1964–2020), the hypothesis that effective political leadership is necessary for successful agricultural transformation still stands. With this, this chapter aims to initiate a new research agenda, where the political economy of leaders is included as one important factor impacting agricultural transformation. The chapter proposes that integrating the role of leadership and its interaction with the socio-political system is a fruitful—indeed crucial—addition to the hitherto more common approach of focusing only on the sectoral structure of the economy in the process of an agricultural transformation.
Erkenntnisse aus der Studie
Authors: Staub Sabina 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel erfolgt eine Darstellung der Untersuchungsergebnisse in Form von Fallbeschreibungen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden zwei Kindergartenlehrerinnen, Sandra Sommer und Dora Dünki, für die Analyse ausgewählt. Es werden zunächst soziodemografische und statistische Informationen zu den Lehrerinnen und ihren Klassen dargelegt. Im Anschluss erfolgt eine detaillierte Beschreibung beider Fälle. Bei beiden Lehrerinnen wird jeweils ein Kurzporträt ihrer Person und ihrer Klasse vorgestellt, gefolgt von der Rekonstruktion zentraler Sequenzen aus den videogestützten Unterrichtsbeobachtungen. Darauf aufbauend werden die Erkenntnisse aus den Interviews mit den Lehrerinnen präsentiert und interpretiert. Am Ende jeder Fallanalyse werden die Ergebnisse der Video- und Interviewinterpretationen zusammengeführt.
Rényi second laws for black holes
Authors: Bernamonti Alice , Galli Federico , Myers Robert C. , Reyes Ignacio A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hawking’s black hole area theorem provides a geometric realization of the second law of thermodynamics and constrains gravitational processes. In this work we explore a one-parameter extension of this constraint formulated in terms of the monotonicity properties of Rényi entropies. We focus on black hole mergers in asymptotically AdS space and determine new restrictions which these Rényi second laws impose on the final state. We evaluate the entropic inequalities starting from the thermodynamic ensembles description of black hole geometries, and find that for many situations they set more stringent bounds than those imposed by the area increase theorem.
Fragmented perspective of self-organized criticality and disorder in log gravity
Authors: Mvondo-She Yannick 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We use a statistical model to discuss nonequilibrium fragmentation phenomena taking place in the stochastic dynamics of the log sector in log gravity. From the canonical Gibbs model, a combinatorial analysis reveals an important aspect of the n-particle evolution previously shown to generate a collection of random partitions according to the Ewens distribution realized in a disconnected double Hurwitz number in genus zero. By treating each possible partition as a member of an ensemble of fragmentations, and ensemble averaging over all partitions with the Hurwitz number as a special case of the Gibbs distribution, a resulting distribution of cluster sizes appears to fall as a power of the size of the cluster. Dynamical systems that exhibit a distribution of sizes giving rise to a scale-invariant power-law behavior at a critical point possess an important property called self-organized criticality. As a corollary, the log sector of log gravity is a self-organized critical system at the critical point μl = 1. A similarity between self-organized critical systems, spin glass models and the dynamics of the log sector which exhibits aging behavior reminiscent of glassy systems is pointed out by means of the Pòlya distribution, also known to classify various models of (randomly fragmented) disordered systems, and by presenting the cluster distribution in the log sector of log gravity as a distinguished member of this probability distribution. We bring arguments from a probabilistic perspective to discuss the disorder in log gravity, largely anticipated through the conjectured AdS3/LCFT2 correspondence.
The effect of environmental and anthropogenic factors on the microbiome of the sponge, Halichondria panicea, at three coastal sites with different bathing water quality in North east England
Authors: Al-Haddad Sakinah , Caldwell Gary S. , Clare Anthony S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The breadcrumb sponge, Halichondria panicea, is a cosmopolitan marine species. Life functions, such as feeding, metabolism and defence, are maintained through microbial symbiosis. As such, perturbations to the symbiotic balance can be expected to affect the health and survival of the sponge. Although generally tolerant of environmental variables, such as temperature, pH and salinity, responses to anthropogenic factors are poorly understood. In this study, the microbial community of the H. panicea was examined over the course of 1 year. Sponge and seawater samples were collected in January, April, July and October 2022, from three locations with different levels of bathing water quality, according to the UK’s Environment Agency. Samples were sequenced using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were inferred from the generated data. Differences in bacterial diversity and abundance among sponge samples from the three locations were examined. A correlation test was used to study the effect of physical and chemical environmental factors along with faecal indicator bacteria on the abundance of the top ten most abundant bacterial phyla. Environmental factors (determined from seawater physicochemical properties) and pollution (determined from trace metals, nutrients and faecal bacteria levels) were found to play an important role in shaping the microbial community of this sponge. The sponge microbiome showed a noticeable seasonal shift, with some species flourishing in January and others emerging in April, notably the faecal and coliform bacteria. Sponge microbiomes from sites with poor-quality bathing water were generally less diverse and had lower microbial abundance, resulting in a greater range of intra-species dispersion than those of sponges living in excellent–good quality waters.
Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring compared with blood glucose monitoring is associated with lower HbA1c and a reduced risk of hospitalisation for diabetes-related complications in adults with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapies
Authors: Nathanson David , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Spelman Tim , Bülow Erik , Kyhlstedt Mattias , Levrat-Guillen Fleur , Bolinder Jan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
We assessed the impact of initiating intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) compared with capillary blood glucose monitoring (BGM) on HbA1c levels and hospitalisations for diabetes-related complications in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes in Sweden.

Methods
This retrospective comparative cohort study included adults with type 2 diabetes who had a National Diabetes Register initiation date for isCGM after 1 June 2017. Prescribed Drug Register records identified subgroups treated with multiple daily insulin injections (T2D-MDI) or basal insulin (T2D-B), with or without other glucose-lowering drugs. The National Patient Register provided data on hospitalisation rates.

Results
We identified 2876 adults in the T2D-MDI group and 2292 in the T2D-B group with an isCGM index date after 1 June 2017, matched with 33,584 and 43,424 BGM control participants, respectively. The baseline-adjusted difference in the change in mean HbA1c for isCGM users vs BGM control participants in the T2D-MDI cohort was −3.7 mmol/mol (−0.34%) at 6 months, and this was maintained at 24 months. The baseline-adjusted difference in the change in HbA1c for isCGM users vs BGM control participants in the T2D-B cohort was −3.5 mmol/mol (−0.32%) at 6 months, and this was also maintained at 24 months. Compared with BGM control participants, isCGM users in the T2D-MDI cohort had a significantly lower RR of admission for severe hypoglycaemia (0.51; 95% CI 0.27, 0.95), stroke (0.54; 95% CI 0.39, 0.73), acute non-fatal myocardial infarction (0.75; 95% CI 0.57, 0.99) or hospitalisation for any reason (0.84; 95% CI 0.77, 0.90). isCGM users in the T2D-B cohort had a lower RR of admission for heart failure (0.63; 95% CI 0.46, 0.87) or hospitalisation for any reason (0.76; 95% CI 0.69, 0.84).

Conclusions/interpretation
This study shows that Swedish adults with type 2 diabetes on insulin who are using isCGM have a significantly reduced HbA1c and fewer hospital admissions for diabetes-related complications compared with BGM control participants.

Graphical Abstract
Concentration of ground state solutions for supercritical zero-mass (N, q)-equations of Choquard reaction
Authors: Shen Liejun , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study the following singularly perturbed (N, q)-equation of Choquard type $$\begin{aligned} -\varepsilon ^N\Delta _Nu-\varepsilon ^q\Delta _qu=\varepsilon ^{\mu -N} \bigg (\int _{\mathbb {R}^N}\frac{K(y)F(u(y))}{|x-y|^{\mu }}dy\bigg )K(x)f(u),~x\in \mathbb {R}^N, \end{aligned}$$

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