bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Autismo y su Afectación en un Estudiante de Educación Básica
Authors: Ramón Gualán María Leonor , Riofrío Ayabaca Lisseth Mariana , Salgado Chévez Egidio Yobanny , Ramón Gualán Haydee Evelina 
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo, dar a conocer la influencia del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) en un estudiante y cómo ayudarlo a mejorar en el ámbito educativo. Para lograr este objetivo, se hace necesario sumergirse en la investigación de lo significa tener este trastorno y cómo afecta la funcionalidad humana, con el fin de lograr la comprensión de esta dificultad tan desconocida para muchos. Avanzando en la investigación y con el aporte de la ciencia impregnada en este trabajo, se determina que el autismo es un estado, el cual puede ir acompañado de otras comorbilidades, que afectan el desarrollo neurológico. No se trata de una enfermedad, por lo que no tiene cura, solo tratamiento; y su afectación se reduce a la falta de habilidades cognitivo-lingüísticas, con restricciones en su comportamiento, al presentar conductas repetitivas e intereses limitados, imposibilitando el desarrollo normal de sus actividades académicas, sus capacidades y competencias generales. Al ser un trastorno que se manifiesta en los tres primeros años de vida, los profesionales en educación inicial deben conocer las señales de alerta, con el propósito de transmitir esta información a sus padres y el estudiante reciba tratamiento lo antes posible, con el objeto de mejorar su calidad de vida. Los docentes en general, deben ser capaces de aplicar estrategias escolares de acuerdo a su diagnóstico y tratamiento, con el fin de lograr su progreso académico.
Coherencia Paradigmática de la Investigación Cualitativa
Authors: Astudillo Carlena 
Published: November 2024

El conocimiento adquiere un significado y alcance específico, relacionado con el avance de las organizaciones centrándose en la generación de conocimiento productivo, cuyos resultados se traducen en riqueza material, impulsando el proceso de transformación para convertirse en bien público, cambiante, dinámico, capaz de superarse en un proceso retro alimentador que potencie su desarrollo, lo cual solo es posible, mediante el aprendizaje continuo que se adquiere mediante la práctica investigativa. Al reflexionar sobre el entendimiento epistemológico de una investigación desde un enfoque cualitativo, se visualiza la necesidad de contribuir a la generación de conocimientos orientados no solo a interpretar la realidad, sino a transformarla en pro de mejorar la calidad de vida del ser humano; configurándose una actitud filosófica conducente a un inevitable relativismo epistemológico, que sirve de sustento legitimador a la emergencia de subjetividades. El propósito de este trabajo comprende la reflexión de los argumentos filosóficos que dimensionan el enfoque epistemológico vivencial introspectivo sobre el que descansa el paradigma del interpretativismo, el método fenomenológico-hermenéutico, y consecuentemente el accionar procedimental de perspectiva cualitativa para completar la coherencia paradigmática de una investigación cualitativa en el marco ontoepistemico ya citado
Obesidad y Cáncer de Próstata. Una Visión Descriptiva
Authors: Bello Guerrero Israel , Tzompantzi Pablo Susana , Arcega Dominguez Artuto , Retama Xochicale Jose Victor , Badillo Franco Idalmy 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Para el 2022 el cáncer de próstata ocupó el primer lugar en incidencia y el segundo en mortalidad a nivel mundial. En México la incidencia del cáncer de próstata es de 27.3 por cada 100,000 hombres convirtiéndola en una enfermedad de relevancia para la salud pública. La prevalencia de obesidad en hombres adultos en México durante el periodo 2020-2023 es del 33 %. Los estudios que buscan la relación entre obesidad y cáncer de próstata se han realizado en poblaciones blancas con resultados controversiales, por lo que es indispensable determinar dicha relacion en la población mexicana. Objetivo: describir si pacientes con cáncer de próstata presentan obesidad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, retrolectivo, en una unidad de primer nivel, se incluyeron pacientes que cuenten con el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata registrados en la unidad, identificados de manera retrospectiva a 20 años, a los cuales se les identificó índice de masa corporal y el valor de antígeno prostático especifico al momento del diagnóstico. Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 107 hombres con diagnóstico definitivo de cáncer de próstata, respecto a la edad presentaron una media 70.7 ± 9.08, el antígeno prostático especifico una media de 19.1 ±14.8. ng/dl. Se obtuvo el índice de masa corporal y los pacientes se agruparon como normopeso 29% (31), sobrepeso 62% (66), obesidad 9% (10). Conclusiones: en este estudio un porcentaje pequeño de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata presento obesidad.
oMEGACat. IV. Constraining the Ages of Omega Centauri Subgiant Branch Stars with HST and MUSE
Authors: Clontz C. , Seth A. C. , Dotter A. , Häberle M. , Nitschai M. S. , Neumayer N. , Feldmeier-Krause A. , Latour M. , Wang Z. , Souza S. O. , Kacharov N. , Bellini A. , Libralato M. , Pechetti R. , van de Ven G. , Alfaro-Cuello M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present age estimates for over 8100 subgiant branch (SGB) stars in Omega Centauri (ω Cen) to study its star formation history. Our large data set, which combines multi-wavelength Hubble Space Telescope photometry with MUSE metallicities, provides an unprecedented opportunity to measure individual stellar ages. We do this by fitting each star’s photometry and metallicity with theoretical isochrones that are embedded with an empirical [C + N + O]–[Fe/H] relation specific to ω Cen. The bulk of the stars have ages between 13 and 10 Gyr, with the mean stellar age being 12.08 ± 0.01 Gyr and the median age uncertainty being 0.68 Gyr. From these ages we construct the most complete age–metallicity relation for ω Cen to date. We find that the mean age of stars decreases with increasing metallicity and find two distinct streams in the age–metallicity plane, hinting at different star formation pathways. We derive an intrinsic spread in the ages of 0.75 ± 0.01 Gyr for the whole cluster, with the age spread showing a clear increase with metallicity. We verify the robustness of our age estimations by varying isochrone parameters and constraining our systematics. We find the C + N + O relation to be the most critical consideration for constraining the age–metallicity relation. We also present an SGB chromosome map with age information. In the future these stellar ages could be combined with chemical abundances to study age differences in subpopulations and uncover the chemical evolution history of this massive nuclear star cluster.
Extreme-mass-ratio Inspirals in the Strong Segregation Regime—to Inspiral or to Get Ejected?
Authors: Kaur Karamveer , Perets Hagai B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) are among the main targets for upcoming low-frequency gravitational wave (GW) detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. In the classical scenario, EMRIs are formed when BHs scatter off each other and are driven onto highly eccentric orbits that gradually inspiral due to GW emission. If the cluster is in a state of strong mass segregation, the BHs are expected to reside in a steep cusp around the central massive black hole (MBH), which would facilitate more efficient EMRI formation. However, strong mass segregation may also lead to an increased rate of ejections due to close encounters between the BHs. Here, we test the relevance of such ejections for EMRI formation by numerically solving a two-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation. Our formalism includes the effects of two-body relaxation, GW dissipation, and ejections. We find that the EMRI formation rate can be suppressed due to ejections by more than an order of magnitude for strongly segregated BH cusps with density index γ ≳ 2.25 around central MBHs of mass M
• ≲ 106
M
⊙. The EMRI formation rate levels off up to a maximum value of ≃200 Gyr−1 due to ejections, which is roughly an order of magnitude lower than the usual scenarios ignoring ejections for steep BH cusps around low-mass MBHs. Our analysis reveals the significance of strong scatterings for EMRI formation in galactic nuclei.
Faire travailler un patient le crâne ouvert
Authors: El Haïk-Wagner Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

La chirurgie éveillée, au cours de laquelle un patient participe activement à l’intervention par le biais d’exercices moteurs et cognitifs, vise à retirer le plus possible de tumeur sans générer de séquelles neurologiques irréversibles. Cette intervention met à l’épreuve l’ordre symbolique du bloc opératoire et les dispositions collectives des professionnels, comme l’objectivation du patient. Sur la base d’observations et d’entretiens dans le service de neurochirurgie d’un CHU parisien, cet article soutient que la mise au travail des patients en chirurgie éveillée implique un « travail de contrainte », légitimé par un discours psychocognitif. Ce discours n’épuise toutefois pas les dilemmes que les professionnels rencontrent face au flou des normes éthiques et à l’incertitude majorée, qui font de cette intervention une « épreuve de professionnalité » partagée. Le collectif de travail, qui partage le « travail émotionnel » et entretient la figure d’un « patient acteur », aide les professionnels à traverser cette épreuve.
Modelling and semi-analytical solutions for fingering instability during zero-dimensional nano floodings
Authors: Sahabandu C. W. , Dewasurendra M. T. M. 
Published: November 2024

Fingering instability, a pivotal phenomenon in multiphase flow within porous media, is thoroughly examined. It stems from the interplay of capillary and viscous forces, yielding distinctive finger-like patterns, and holds critical implications for oil recovery and environmental remediation. A comprehensive mathematical model, fortified by the Method of Directly Defining the inverse Mapping, is established. This study scrutinizes the efficacy of zero-dimensional nanoparticles: aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, and silicon dioxide. Nano-powders were infused at 0.4% concentration in a brine solution, a pioneering approach to enhanced oil recovery. The model was established to identify the saturation of injected fluid where a layer of crude oil is positioned at an angle relative to the horizontal plane. This means that instead of being perfectly flat, the layer tilts or slopes in a particular direction. Such inclined formations are common in natural reservoirs, and understanding their geometry and properties is crucial for effective oil extraction and recovery processes. Gravity now plays a more pronounced role in determining the direction of oil movement. Analysis of the resulting graph, generated through Maple 16, indicates that the injection of aluminium oxide leads to the highest saturation levels in comparison to the other fluids. Conversely, the use of magnesium oxide results in the lowest saturation. This finding underscores the potential significance of aluminium oxide in optimizing oil extraction techniques and contributes valuable insights into optimizing oil recovery processes and managing subsurface fluid dynamics, fostering advancements in enhanced oil recovery methodologies.
Ultrasound as a Diagnostic Tool for Nursemaid’s Elbow with Typical Sonographic “J Sign”
Authors: Lo Chun-Hin , Cheng Kai-Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Nursemaid’s elbow is a common upper extremity injury with a peak incidence between 2 and 3 years of age. Sometimes, the exact injury mechanism is not always distinct, making it difficult to differentiate whether it is a fracture or pulled elbow.

Objectives:
Here, we examine the efficacy and accuracy of ultrasonography as an objective diagnostic and verifying tool for pulled elbows before and after manipulation.

Materials and Methods:
Eleven children with suspected nursemaid’s elbow based on their clinical history and physical findings were examined from October 2021 to August 2022 by one pediatricorthopedic physician in one medical center. Portable ultrasonography was performed before and after pulled elbow reduction and observe the findings on echo images.

Results:
The specific “J sign” was detected in all patients before manipulation under evaluation of portable echo. After successful reduction, the “J sign” was not seen under portable echo, and the annular ligament was back to its normal anatomic position.

Conclusions:
We suggest the use of ultrasound examination regularly before any reduction attempts in every case, which is a more objective, fast, noninvasive, and convenient way to identify the pulled elbow.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Lifestyle Impact
Authors: Mathur Shashi , Singh Pratibha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Respiratory infections, a global health priority according to the World Health Organization, cause around 7.5 million deaths annually, constituting 14% of global mortality. Beyond severe health implications, these diseases exacerbate social disparities and impose a substantial economic burden. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combines chronic bronchitis (airway inflammation) and emphysema (air sac destruction) caused by prolonged exposure to irritants, and poor lifestyle choices lead to airway blockage and breathing difficulties. Lifestyle choices significantly influence health trajectories, evidenced by a consistent increase in “positive comfort” over time. A Chinese study highlights the correlation between adopting a healthy lifestyle and increased life expectancy. European health initiatives address these challenges, emphasizing early detection through large-scale health camps to identify new cases and assess severity. Exacerbation and infections are primary triggers, with bacteria and viruses requiring antibiotic interventions. Awareness campaigns targeting causes, symptoms, and prevention, including childhood infection initiatives with influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, are crucial. Motivating smoking cessation and encouraging whole grain, fruit, and vegetable consumption mitigate lung oxidative damage. Promoting physical activity and addressing environmental pollution contribute to overall lung health. Timely nutritional evaluations for newly diagnosed cases manage obesity and malnutrition and prevent further lung function deterioration. There is growing attention toward the influence of poor lifestyle choices like sedentary lifestyle, environmental exposure, and unhealthy dietary patterns on the increased risk of COPD development besides smoking. This essay explores these factors, recognizing the intricate interplay between lifestyle and COPD prevention and management.
Childhood High Adiposity has no Advantage for Height in Adulthood: Cross-Sectional Studies in Indonesian Children to Young Adults
Authors: Hastuti Janatin , Rahmawati Neni Trilusiana , Julia Madarina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Childhood obesity is associated with faster linear growth; nonetheless, its benefit to the mature height of Indonesian children is questionable. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adiposity and height growth of Indonesian children, adolescents, and young adults aged 7 to 23 years.

Methods:
Height and skinfolds at triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and calf were measured in 2,520 children, adolescents, and young adults aged 7 to 23 years (boys = 1,116, girls = 1,404). Central adiposity (subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds) and peripheral adiposity (triceps and calf skinfolds) were projected against heights in each age group. The ANCOVA test and partial correlation were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
With the exception of ages 8 to 12 years, boys were always taller than girls after controlling for age and central or peripheral adiposity. Boys with higher central and peripheral adiposity were taller than their peers up to the age of 17 (r = 0.30–0.72, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Girls with central adiposity grew taller than their thinner peers until the age of 14 (r = 0.17–0.50, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), whereas girls with peripheral adiposity benefit from this advantage over a more extended period of time. Afterward, adiposity did not offer any benefit on heights.

Conclusions:
Children with high adiposity who were taller at an earlier age have no significant advantage over their thinner peers in terms of adult height.
Significant association between insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2, interleukin-6 polymorphisms, and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Elssaig Elmutuz H , Ahmed-Abakur Eltayib H , Alnour Tarig M S , Alsubai Mohamed A. , Yousif Aadil 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The study aimed to detect the association between insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) polymorphisms among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and Methods:
This study involved 500 individuals; 250 obese DM cases and 250 healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the small nucleoproteins rs4402960 (G>T) and small nucleoproteins rs800795 (G>C).

Results:
The results indicated that the mutant C-allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800795 variant was highly significantly associated with the study group (P = 0.002). The occurrence of genotypes (C/G and C/C) versus normal G/G genotype of the IL-6 variant was highly significant (P = 0.004) in the study group (49.2% vs. 50.8%) compared to the control group (62% vs. 38%). Similar findings were observed in SNPs for the rs440960 variant, in which the T-allele indicated a highly significant relationship (P = 0.0001) with the study group; the frequency of G/G genotype versus both (T/T and G/T) genotypes was highly significant (P = 0.0001) in the case group (34% vs. 66%) than in the healthy control group (52% vs. 48%).

Conclusion:
The current study indicated that IGF2BP2 rs4402960 and IL-6 rs1800795 polymorphism were highly significantly associated with the increased risk of obese T2DM among the Saudi Arabian population and presented a genetic model to screen the high-risk individuals with further validations.
Seroprevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in a major referral eye center in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Adegbehingbe Stella A. , Olusi Titus A. , Oniya Mobolanle O. , Fagbemi Aderonke T. 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To assess the prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis by seroprevalence of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii among people attending the referral eye center in Southwest Nigeria, and to identify associated risk factors and socio-economic determinants related to ocular toxoplasmosis.

Methods:
A systematic questionnaire was used and blood samples of 3 mL each were taken. Serological tests of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were performed using the ELISA kit. Eye examinations were performed.

Results:

T. gondii antibodies were detected in 52.6% of the tested patients. A total of 409 respondents were surveyed. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis increased with age which was statistically significant (P=0.001). The highest prevalence was found in farmers (69.2%, P=0.011). The overall prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis within the study area was 1.7%.

Conclusions:
The high seroprevalence recorded in this study is suggestive of the endemic nature of the disease. Awareness among the populace about Toxoplasma infection is imperative in understanding the epidemiology of the infection.
Mortality trends among Indian Medical Association member doctors in India (2018-2023): Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jyotsana Nirmal , Trivedi Ashish , Pandit Niraj , Audichya Harsh , Pandit Yagna 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To analyze mortality trends among Indian Medical Association (IMA) member doctors in India from 2018 to 2023 and to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study based on secondary data analysis of the doctors’ mortality reported to and published by the IMA as a part of their National Social Security Scheme. Yearly membership details and death records of the member doctors from 2018 to 2023 were accessed from the published annual reports of IMA-National Social Security Scheme and analyzed.

Results:
The number of deaths reported annually among IMA member doctors increased from 896 out of a total population of 15862 in 2018 to 1579 out of 16253 in 2023. The calculated death rate among member doctors was 56.5 per 1000 in 2018 and 97.1 per 1 000 in 2023. The mean age at death among doctors during the COVID period (64.9±9.0) was significantly lower than that during pre-COVID (67.3±11.1) and post-COVID (66.1±8.5) periods.

Conclusions:
This study shows a rising number of deaths and death rate among member doctors of IMA from 2018 to 2023. The average age at death during the study period ranged from 64 to 67 years, with a significant decline of approximately 2.4 years during the COVID-19 period.
Respiratory Therapists’ Knowledge and Attitudes on Safe Ventilator Management in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Units: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hadi Yasser H. , Alrefaei Mosaab G. , Almfrege Abdullah A. , Mohammed Assala D. , Sendi Eyad T. , Alahmadi Ghadi S. , Hakami Aishah M. , Alzahrani Raniya M. , Hawsawi Hassan B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Respiratory therapists (RTs) play a crucial role in managing ventilators in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) units, where magnetic fields pose safety risks, emphasizing the need for comprehensive knowledge of MRI safety procedures to prevent patient harm.

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate RTs’ knowledge of MRI systems and safety procedures to ensure the safe and effective management of ventilators within an MRI environment.

Subjects and Methods:
An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires were distributed to RTs via various social media platforms, collecting data from multiple cities and hospitals. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 22.

Results:
The study included 269 participants, with 37.9% of females and 62.1% of males. Regarding MRI safety knowledge, 48.0% of participants received training during orientation, while 20.4% received no training postgraduation. In addition, 69.5% lacked certification in MRI safety. Despite this, 88.1% reported no safety incidents, and 90.7% acknowledged the importance of communication with MRI teams. Significant relationships were found between MRI safety knowledge and variables such as age (P = 0.042), time since last learning (P = 0.0001), and the institution of the last qualification (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:
This study identifies significant gaps in MRI safety knowledge among RTs in Saudi Arabia, with 69.5% lacking formal certification. Despite these gaps, 88.1% reported no incidents. The findings underscore the need for structured training programs and continuous professional development to enhance MRI safety and improve patient care. Policymakers should mandate comprehensive MRI safety training to ensure consistent practices across health-care facilities.