bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS) in ovarian cancer patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC: Two pathogenetic types based study
Authors: Yarema Roman , Fetsych Taras , Volodko Natalya , Оhorchak Myron , Petronchak Orest , Huley Roman , Mylyan Yuriy , Glehen Olivier 
Published: May 2018

Background and ObjectivesClinical experience suggests that cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) play an important role in the management of ovarian cancer. In order to improve patient selection, the peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS) was previously introduced for use in colorectal cancer patients. However, almost no data exist regarding the utility of the PSDSS index in ovarian cancer patients.MethodsA retrospective study of the effectiveness of CRS and HIPEC was carried out in 59 patients with ovarian cancer. The PSDSS was based on three criteria: symptoms, extent of peritoneal dissemination, and primary tumor structure as assessed by histology and biomarker expression.ResultsThe overall survival time for patients with ovarian cancer in PSDSS Stage I was 48 ± 25.3 months. For PSDSS Stage II, the survival time was 26.5 ± 4.7 months. For PSDSS Stage III, it was 15.5 ± 4 months, and for PSDSS Stage IV, it was 6 ± 4.3 months. A multivariate analysis showed that the PSDSS stage was the only independent survival predictor.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that a PSDSS based on two pathogenetic types may be useful for predicting survival outcomes in ovarian cancer patients treated with CRS/HIPEC.
Screening and investigation of triplex DNA binders from Stephania tetrandra S. Moore by a combination of peak area‐fading ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography with orbitrap mass spectrometry and optical spectroscopies
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Wang Yihan , Yu Wenjing , Shi Lei , Wang Hongfeng , Su Rui , Chen Changbao , Liu Shuying 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe identification and screening of triplex DNA binders are important because these compounds, in many cases, are potential anticancer agents as well as promising drug candidates. Therefore, the ability to screen for these compounds in a high‐throughput mode could dramatically improve the drug screening process. A method involving a combination of 96‐well plate format and peak area‐fading ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry was employed for screening bioactive compounds binding to the triplex DNA from the extracts of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore. Two compounds were screened out and identified as fangchinoline and tetrandrine based on the comparison of retention time and tandem mass spectrometry data with those of standards. The binding mechanisms of fangchinoline and tetrandrine at the molecular level were explored using tandem mass spectrometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. Collision‐induced dissociation experiments showed that the complexes with fangchinoline and tetrandrine were dissociated by ligand elimination. According to these measurements, an intercalating binding is the most appropriate binding mode of these two alkaloids to the triplex DNA. The current work provides not only deep insight into alkaloid‐triplex DNA complexes but also useful guidelines for the design of efficient anticancer agents.
Protonation of polyaniline‐coated silica stationary phase affects the retention behavior of neutral hydrophobic solutes in reversed‐phase capillary liquid chromatography
Authors: Taraba Lukáš , Křížek Tomáš , Kozlík Petr , Hodek Ondřej , Coufal Pavel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBecause of its high conductivity when acid doped, polyaniline is known as a synthetic metal and is used in a wide range of applications, such as supercapacitors, biosensors, electrochromic devices, or solar and fuel cells. Emeraldine is the partly oxidized, stable form of polyaniline, consisting of alternating diaminobenzenoid and iminoquinoid segments. When acidified, the nitrogen atoms of emeraldine become protonated. Due to electrostatic repulsion between positive charges, the polarity and morphology of emeraldine chains presumably change; however, the protonation effects on emeraldine have not yet been clarified. Thus, we investigated these changes by reversed‐phase capillary liquid chromatography using a linear solvation energy relationship approach to assess differences in dominant retention interactions under a significantly varied mobile phase pH. We observed that hydrophobicity dominates the intermolecular interactions under both acidic and alkaline eluent conditions, albeit to different extents. Therefore, by tuning the mobile phase pH, we can even modulate the retention of neutral hydrophobic solutes, such as aromatic hydrocarbons, because the pH‐dependent charge and structure of polymer chains of the emeraldine‐coated silica stationary phase show a mixed‐mode separation mechanism.
Negative Predictive Value of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound in Differentiating Avascular Solid‐Appearing From Vascularized Masses: A Retrospective Consecutive Study
Authors: Alrashed Abdulmohsen , Ahmad Hassan , Khalili Korosh , Kim Tae Kyoung , Jang Huynh‐Jung , Atri Mostafa 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo determine the negative predictive value (NPV) of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to establish the lack of vascularity in a mass.MethodsThis work was an Institutional Review Board–approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant retrospective study. Acquisition of consent was waived. We included all CEUS examinations performed for tissue characterization between 2004 and 2014 that reported showing no vascularity in a mass. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound findings were considered true‐negative when there was stability on imaging for at least 1 year or no evidence of a solid mass, if biopsied, and false‐negative if there was lesion growth on imaging within 12 months or an indication of a solid mass on the pathologic examination, if biopsied. One author reviewed all of the reports and follow‐up examinations. We conducted a consensus review of all false‐negative findings mixed with an equal number of true‐negative findings by 2 reviewers, who were blinded to the final results.ResultsThe study population consisted of 97 CEUS examinations in 97 patients, including 48 women and 49 men (mean age ± SD, 65 ± 14 years). Examinations were performed for lesion characterization in the liver (n = 23), pancreas (n = 17), kidney (n = 54), 1 gallbladder, 1 adnexa, and 1 peritoneal lesion. The overall false‐negative rate on the official prospective review was 2% (2 of 97). Two false‐negative findings were correctly identified on the consensus review. The NPV of CEUS was 97.9% (95 of 97; 95% confidence interval, 93%– 99%) on the official review.ConclusionsContrast‐enhanced ultrasound has a very high NPV to exclude the presence of flow in a mass, and it can be used to exclude the presence of a solid mass.
A Quality Study to Explore Rationale for Pregnant Women to Decline Transvaginal Cervical Length Screening
Authors: Keller Matthew , Burgess Adriane , Hole James , Warren Margaret , Burkindine Jessica , Johnson Mary Jo 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo identify patient rationale for pregnant women to decline transvaginal cervical length screening.MethodsSurvey data from 511 women presenting for second‐trimester anatomy and transvaginal cervical length sonography were collected during a 4‐month period from September 2016 to January 2017. Each patient completed a medical questionnaire that includes demographic and obstetric history data and a survey to document their acceptance or declination of transvaginal cervical length screening.ResultsOf the 511 women included in the study, 5.9% (n = 30) declined transvaginal cervical length screening. Demographic characteristics and risk factors for prematurity were similar between those who accepted and declined. The sonographer performing the study was significantly associated with declination of transvaginal cervical length screening (P < .001), with 4 of 13 sonographers accounting for 83.3% of all declinations. The most frequently reported reasons for declining the transvaginal cervical length screening were feeling that it was not needed (47%; n = 14) and not feeling prepared for the transvaginal sonography (27%; n = 8).ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that the sonographer performing transvaginal cervical length screening may be associated with declination. The most common reasons patients cited for declining included not feeling that the study was needed and not feeling prepared for the procedure. Increased sonographer education and sonographer use of a scripted approach when discussing the procedure with patients may improve patient acceptance.
Spatiotemporal nexus between the pattern of land degradation and land cover dynamics in Iran
Authors: Minaei Masoud , Shafizadeh‐Moghadam Hossein , Tayyebi Amin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn recent decades, extensive land transformations and environmental and climate change events such as floods and droughts, increasing heat waves, and forest fires have been observed in Iran. Monitoring and intensity analysis of the land cover dynamics and land degradation in Iran are lacking due to the lack of fine resolution land cover data. In this paper, we explore the type, extent, and intensity of land transformations and the intensity of transitions among land cover classes from 2000 to 2010 using GlobeLand30 land cover data. Our results indicate that approximately 35% of Iran changed during 2000–2010, due mainly to the active gain of barren land. Furthermore, the increase in barren targeted grass and shrub. Barren expansion in Iran is alarming because most of the country is located in arid and semi‐arid regions. Iran has actively participated in desertification combat plans, and thus, it is critical to explore extra intervals of land dynamics. This will help to evaluate the temporal rate of land degradation at multiple intervals and assess the effectiveness of desertification management strategies. Additionally, investigating the role of climate and human‐made interventions into the type and extent of land transformation is recommended.
Impacts of human activities on the structural and functional connectivity of a river network in the Taihu Plain
Authors: Deng Xiaojun , Xu Youpeng , Han Longfei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHuman activities are expected to change the hydrological connectivity of river networks. Understanding the impacts of human activities on hydrological connectivity is crucial for river‐basin management. The present study investigated the impacts of river network change and water gate construction on the structural and functional connectivity in the Taihu Plain. We found that the network circuitry, edge‐node ratio, and network connectivity of the arterial river network increased by 8.82%, 3.59%, and 3.57%, respectively, during the 1960s–2010s. In Jiangyin, the indexes decreased by 46.40%, 15.43%, and 15.42%, respectively, throughout the river network during the 1960s–1980s. The indexes of the capillary river network decreased by 61.90%, 24.89%, and 24.88%, respectively, while those of the arterial river network increased by 6.58%, 4.73%, and 2.72%, respectively. We also found that the current longitudinal continuity of the river network was 8.15. In the Sangan River of Zhangjiagang, the migratory continuity of the river network was 0.27, but it was between 0.33 and 1.00 when the current water gates were considered separately, and the decreases of their maximum values under different combinations were greater than those of their minimum values. Moreover, we found that the various water levels of the river network all exhibited increasing trends, and their correlations with functional connectivity were significant and positive. Our study suggests that the negative effects of river network changes on structural connectivity were far greater than the positive effects, and the impacts of water gate construction on functional connectivity had gradient and cumulative effects.
Extra‐Virgin Olive Oil with Natural Phenolic Content Exerts an Anti‐Inflammatory Effect in Adipose Tissue and Attenuates the Severity of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Ldlr−/−.Leiden Mice
Authors: Luque‐Sierra Amparo , Alvarez‐Amor Leticia , Kleemann Robert , Martín Franz , Varela Lourdes M. 
Published: May 2018

ScopeThe present study investigates the effect of olive oils with different phenolic content in high‐fat diets (HFDs) on hypertrophy and inflammation in adipose tissue and associated atherosclerosis, in the context of obesity.Methods and resultsLdlr−/−.Leiden mice were fed three different HFDs for 32 weeks and were compared with mice fed the standard low‐fat diet (LFD). The different fats provided in the HFDs were lard (HFD‐L), extra‐virgin olive oil (EVOO; 79 mg kg–1 of phenolic compounds, HFD‐EVOO), or EVOO rich in phenolic compounds (OL, 444 mg kg–1 of phenolic compounds, HFD‐OL). All HFD‐fed mice became obese, but only HFD‐L–induced adipocyte hypertrophy. HFD‐EVOO mice exhibited the greatest levels of Adiponectin in adipose tissue and presented atherosclerotic lesions similar to the LFD group, with a very low count of monocyte/macrophage compared with HFD‐L and HFD‐OL mice. Enrichment of the phenolic content of olive oil reduced the secretion of nitrites/nitrates in the aorta, but atherosclerosis was not attenuated in HFD‐OL mice compared to other HFD mice.ConclusionConsumption of olive oil with a natural content of phenolic compounds attenuates adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation and exerts antiatherosclerotic effects in mice. A higher phenolic content of olive oil did not provide further benefits in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Factors associated with self‐management among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dao‐Tran Tiet‐Hanh , Anderson Debra , Chang Anne , Seib Charrlotte , Hurst Cameron 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimThe study described diabetes self‐management (DSM), diabetes knowledge, family and friends’ support, healthcare providers’ support, belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy, and explored DSM's associations among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignA cross‐sectional design was applied.MethodsThe study used self‐report questionnaires to collect data from 198 participants. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis.ResultsVietnamese adults with T2DM performed DSM limitedly in certain aspects. They had strong belief in treatment effectiveness, good family and friends support, limited diabetes knowledge, healthcare professional support and self‐efficacy. Their DSM was directly associated with diabetes knowledge, family and friends’ support, healthcare providers’ support, belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy. Their DSM was indirectly associated with diabetes knowledge and family and friends’ support through their belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy.
An Efficient Synthesis, Evaluation of Parameters and Characterization of Nitro‐Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (Nitro‐HTPB)
Authors: Ghayeni Hamid Reza , Razeghi Reza , Olyaei Abolfazl 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article reports the nitration of Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) backbone by facile and efficient “one pot” procedure, resulting in the formation of conjugated nitro‐alkene derivative of HTPB. The reaction was carried out with sodium nitrite and iodine. In order to optimization of the effective parameters on the synthesis of Nitro‐HTPB, the proportional amounts of reactant, amount of solvent and temperature were investigated and the effect of these parameters on the nitration double bond on HTPB backbone was evaluated. The product Nitro‐HTPB was characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as DSC, and TG.
Leading the Green Transition?
Authors: Affolderbach Julia , Schulz Christian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractUrban green building transitions are driven by experiments and innovations raising questions of drivers and barriers behind these processes. This chapter discusses spatial and temporal perspectives on green building innovations drawing on research on policy mobilities and innovation. It discusses green building in Freiburg, Vancouver, Brisbane and Luxembourg as places of transition where innovations and change are shaped by internal (local) and external (extra-local) factors. Further, it highlights how the nature and objectives of green building have changed over time based on experiments with green neighbourhoods and flagship buildings and describes how green building is increasingly used for competitive positioning, green marketing and city branding. Finally, the chapter discusses the mobility of green building innovations for the four case study regions differentiating between Freiburg and Vancouver that are predominantly characterised by local policies, models and knowledge and Brisbane and Luxembourg that largely draw on external green building innovations. Together, the chapter highlights the value of spatially sensitive analysis of green building transitions.
Urban Sustainability and the Governance of Greening
Authors: Affolderbach Julia , Schulz Christian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCities have long been seen as important in achieving sustainability. However, conceptions of and approaches to urban sustainability and greening have changed over time from a primary focus of environmental problems as urban problems to cities as leaders in global climate change mitigation. This chapter provides a brief overview over the changes in understandings of and research on urban sustainability over the past few decades with a specific focus on governance and sustainability approaches. The literature review provides the context for situating and understanding green building transitions in the four case study regions where interpretations and implementations of green building have changed over time and need to be understood within the broader spatial and temporal context. The chapter introduces the concept of policy mobility and related work on urban assemblages that emphasise the relational character of local and urban processes. These perspectives understand cities as consisting of both local and global influences and elements. One emphasis of policy mobility is to understand these relationships through processes of learning, adaptation and mutation of knowledge and practises (e.g. green building policies, certification programs, planning approaches and construction techniques) between individuals and actor groups such as policy-makers, consultants, scientists, urban designers and architects. The chapter proposes an analytical framework that utilises the synergies of policy mobility and transition study approaches and that addresses the complexity of sustainability transitions as socio-spatial and socio-technical processes.
Host selection and distribution of Dendrobium okinawense, an endangered epiphytic orchid in Yambaru, Japan
Authors: Abe Shin , Kotaka Nobuhiko , Takashima Atsushi , Abe Tetsuto , Saito Kazuhiko , Masaki Takashi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe investigated the epiphytic habit and distribution of Dendrobium okinawense, an endangered orchid in Yambaru (northern Okinawa), Japan. Fifty individuals of D. okinawense were detected on 46 host trees. From the canopy size in chronological aerial photographs, the habitat stands where D. okinawense was found were estimated to be mature. Host trees tended to have larger diameters. The most common host species was Castanopsis sieboldii, which dominates in Yambaru; several other tree species were described as hosts for the first time to our knowledge. However, the orchid was mainly associated with one of these, Distylium racemosum, irrespective of this tree's small basal area relative to other trees. We attribute this preference by D. okinawense to the external form and longevity of D. racemosum. The presence of D. okinawense and its host D. racemosum with large diameter is a good indicator of the existence of old‐growth forests containing endemic rare species in Yambaru.
Underdiagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: A consequence of ignoring practice effects
Authors: Elman Jeremy A. , Jak Amy J. , Panizzon Matthew S. , Tu Xin M. , Chen Tian , Reynolds Chandra A. , Gustavson Daniel E. , Franz Carol E. , Hatton Sean N. , Jacobson Kristen C. , Toomey Rosemary , McKenzie Ruth , Xian Hong , Lyons Michael J. , Kremen William S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionLongitudinal testing is necessary to accurately measure cognitive change. However, repeated testing is susceptible to practice effects, which may obscure true cognitive decline and delay detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsWe retested 995 late‐middle‐aged men in a ∼6‐year follow‐up of the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. In addition, 170 age‐matched replacements were tested for the first time at study wave 2. Group differences were used to calculate practice effects after controlling for attrition effects. MCI diagnoses were generated from practice‐adjusted scores.ResultsThere were significant practice effects on most cognitive domains. Conversion to MCI doubled after correcting for practice effects, from 4.5% to 9%. Importantly, practice effects were present although there were declines in uncorrected scores.DiscussionAccounting for practice effects is critical to early detection of MCI. Declines, when lower than expected, can still indicate practice effects. Replacement participants are needed for accurately assessing disease progression.
Study participant reported outcomes of mental health interventions: results from a randomized controlled trial among survivors of systematic violence in southern Iraq
Authors: Mahmooth Z. , Weiss W. M. , Zangana G. A. S. , Bolton P. 
Published: May 2018

Background.Common mental health problems experienced by survivors of systematic violence include trauma, depression, and anxiety. A trial of mental health interventions by community mental health workers for survivors of systematic violence in southern Iraq showed benefits from two psychotherapies on trauma, depression, anxiety, and function: Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT). This study assessed whether other non-predetermined changes reported by intervention participants were more common than in the control group.Methods.The trial involved 342 participants (CETA: 99 intervention, 50 control; CPT: 129 intervention, 64 control). Sixteen intervention-related changes since enrollment were identified from free-listing interviews of 15 early therapy completers. The changes were then added as a new quantitative module to the follow-up questionnaire. The changes were organized into eight groupings by thematic analysis – family, social standing, anger management, interest in regular activities, optimism, feeling close to God, avoiding smoking and drugs, and physical health. All participants were interviewed with this module and responses were compared between intervention and control participants.Results.Multi-level, multi-variate regression models showed CETA intervention subjects with significant, positive changes relative to CETA controls on most themes. CPT intervention subjects showed little to no change compared with CPT controls in most themes.Conclusions.Participants receiving CETA reported more positive changes from therapy compared with controls than did participants receiving CPT. This study suggests differential effects of psychotherapy beyond the predetermined clinical outcome measures and that identification of these effects should be part of intervention evaluations.