bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Unfractionated Heparin Unresponsiveness during Endovascular Repair of a Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm following Administration of Andexanet Alfa for the Reversal of Rivaroxaban
Authors: Eche Ifeoma Mary , Elsamadisi Pansy , Wex Nicole , Wyers Mark C. , Brat Gabriel A. , Cunningham Katherine , Bauer Kenneth A. 
Published: June 2019

The authors describe a case of unfractionated heparin (UFH) unresponsiveness in the operating room secondary to reversal of rivaroxaban with coagulation factor Xa (recombinant) inactivated‐zhzo (andexanet alfa). A 70‐year‐old man with a known 4.5‐ to 5.0‐cm abdominal aortic aneurysm and atrial fibrillation managed with rivaroxaban presented with severe right‐sided flank pain radiating to the left side of his abdomen. Computed tomography‐angiography on arrival demonstrated a left retroperitoneal hematoma and a suspected ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. He received andexanet alfa to reverse rivaroxaban prior to an emergent endovascular aneurysm repair. During surgery, he received a total of 14,000 units (167 units/kg) of UFH with minimal changes in activated clotting time (132–144 sec; baseline 135 sec [reference range 74–137 sec]). This case highlights the potential complications of using UFH anticoagulation following reversal of factor Xa inhibitors with andexanet alfa and underscores the importance of peri‐procedural anticoagulation planning. For patients who require intra‐operative anticoagulation, providers should consider anticoagulation reversal with prothrombin complex concentrate instead of andexanet alfa or administration of a parenteral direct thrombin inhibitor, such as argatroban or bivalirudin during the surgical procedure.
PVDF/PMMA dielectric films with notably decreased dielectric loss and enhanced high‐temperature tolerance
Authors: Nie Run‐Pan , Li Yue , Jia Li‐Chuan , Lei Jun , Huang Hua‐Dong , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTPolymer dielectrics generally have comparatively low dielectric constant, operating temperatures, and/or high dielectric loss, which limits their uses especially in harsh environment. In this article, a novel trilayered nanocomposite film (TNF) was constructed via solution‐casting and, subsequently, hot‐pressing process, which was composed of two outer layers of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, high dielectric constant) and a middle layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, high glass transition temperature, Tg). The two outer layers of TNF were filled with barium strontium titanate nanoparticles to further increase the dielectric constant of PVDF. The PMMA in the middle layer was used to largely suppress the dielectric loss and simultaneously improve the temperature tolerance of TNF. Results show that the introduction of PMMA induced oriented crystal formation in the interface regions between PVDF and PMMA components. Moreover, most of the impurity ions were dramatically immobilized by partly oriented α crystals and high Tg PMMA layer until the temperature exceeded 120 °C. Therefore, the TNFs showed a high‐temperature tolerance and notably decreased loss, which are promising for widespread energy storage applications where harsh working conditions are present. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1043–1052
Losing a parent to cancer as a teenager: Family cohesion in childhood, teenage, and young adulthood as perceived by bereaved and non‐bereaved youths
Authors: Birgisdóttir Dröfn , Bylund Grenklo Tove , Nyberg Tommy , Kreicbergs Ulrika , Steineck Gunnar , Fürst Carl J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate levels of perceived family cohesion during childhood, teenage years, and young adulthood in cancer‐bereaved youths compared with non‐bereaved peers.MethodsIn this nationwide, population‐based study, 622 (73%) young adults (aged 18‐26) who had lost a parent to cancer 6 to 9 years previously, when they were teenagers (aged 13–16), and 330 (78%) non‐bereaved peers from a matched random sample answered a study‐specific questionnaire. Associations were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsCompared with non‐bereaved youths, the cancer‐bereaved participants were more likely to report poor family cohesion during teenage years (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI, 1.0‐2.4, and 2.3, 95% CI, 1.5‐3.5, for paternally and maternally bereaved youths, respectively). This was also seen in young adulthood among maternally bereaved participants (OR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6‐4.1), while there was no difference between paternally bereaved and non‐bereaved youths. After controlling for a number of covariates (eg, year of birth, number of siblings, and depression), the adjusted ORs for poor family cohesion remained statistically significant. In a further analysis stratified for gender, this difference in perceived poor family cohesion was only noted in females.ConclusionTeenage loss of a parent to cancer was associated with perceived poor family cohesion during teenage years. This was also noted in young adulthood among the maternally bereaved. Females were more likely to report poor family cohesion. Our results indicate a need for increased awareness of family cohesion in bereaved‐to‐be families with teenage offspring, with special attention to gender roles.
Testosterone levels and androgen receptor copy number variations in castration‐resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide
Authors: Lolli Cristian , De Lisi Delia , Conteduca Vincenza , Gurioli Giorgia , Scarpi Emanuela , Schepisi Giuseppe , Ravaglia Giorgia , Menna Cecilia , Farolfi Alberto , Altavilla Amelia , Burgio Salvatore Luca , Tonini Giuseppe , Santini Daniele , De Giorgi Ugo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeOur study aims to investigate the association between copy number of the androgen receptor (AR) and testosterone levels in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with second‐generation antiandrogen therapies.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from mCRPC treated with abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide. Serum testosterone levels were collected at baseline, at 3 months since the start of therapy and at disease progression. A cohort of cases treated with docetaxel was also used to evaluate the impact of testosterone levels.ResultsPatients treated with abiraterone with AR copy number aberrations and basal testosterone levels below 0.09 nmol/L had worse progression‐free survival (PFS) compared to patients with no
AR copy number abnormalities (8.5 vs 2.9 months,
P = 0.005). No relevant differences were observed in the enzalutamide group with a PFS of 3.9 months (no
AR gain) vs 2.7 months (
AR gain,
P = 0.004) for patients with below 0.09 nmol/L testosterone levels. Similar results are obtained for univariate analysis for overall survival (OS). The negative prognostic role of
AR copy number gain in OS for both treatment groups (25.5 vs 10.6 months,
P = 0.0002 for abiraterone and 14.1 vs 8.3 months,
P = 0.031 for enzalutamide) was confirmed, and it was recognized the negative prognostic impact of testosteronemia below 0.09 only for patients treated with enzalutamide (8.8 vs 42.8 months,
P = 0.016). On multivariate analysis for patients treated with abiraterone, low testosterone levels below 0.09 and plasma
AR gain were significantly associated with worse PFS and OS. These data are confirmed in the enzalutamide group for PFS.ConclusionsTestosterone levels and the AR copy number alterations were considered as independent prognostic factors. The results of this study show that serum testosteronemia associated with changes in copy number of AR gene could represent a noninvasive biomarker useful to identify a subgroup of patients with worse prognosis that can benefit less from second‐generation antiandrogen therapies in the mCRPC setting.
Sample acidification has a predictable effect on isotopic ratios of particulate organic matter along the Chilean coast
Authors: Barrios‐Guzmán Carmen , Sepúlveda Maritza , Docmac Felipe , Zarate Patricia , Reyes Hernán , Harrod Chris 
Published: June 2019

RationaleStable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen have proved to be valuable tools for researchers working across the different subfields of ecology. However, the chemical pretreatment of samples prior to analytical determination of stable isotope ratios can influence the results, and therefore conclusions regarding the ecology of the taxon or system under study. Here, we determined the effect of vapor acidification with concentrated HCl on the δ13C and δ15N values of particulate organic matter (POM), which are commonly used as baselines for studies of trophic ecology, or to understand oceanographic patterns.MethodsSamples of marine POM were obtained along a large‐scale latitudinal gradient (ca 3000 km) along the Chilean coast, along with a range of oceanographic variables thought to potentially influence inorganic carbon at each sampling location. A random subset of 50 samples was divided into two parts: one acidified by HCl fumigation treatment, and the other acting as a control. We compared paired differences in δ13C and δ15N values measured by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry and used a model selection approach to examine which oceanographic factor best explained shifts in values following acid treatment.ResultsAcidification resulted in statistically significant reductions in both δ13C and δ15N values, but the effect was relatively small. The model that best explained the differences between acidified and non‐acidified δ13C values included depth, salinity and sea‐surface temperature at the sampling point. A regression of acidified on non‐acidified δ13C values shows that the treatment effect was strongest on samples more depleted in 13C.ConclusionsThe differences between δ13C and δ15N values in acidified and non‐acidified samples are linear and predictable. This implies that the nature of the POM and its possible alteration during the acid treatment are important factors that support the reliable determination of the values of δ13C and δ15N of POM.
Biohybrid Nanoparticles to Negotiate with Biological Barriers
Authors: Mohammadi M. Rezaa , Corbo Claudia , Molinaro Roberto , Lakey Jonathan R. T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIncapability of effective cross‐talk with biological environments has partly impaired the in vivo functionality of nanoparticles (NPs). Homing, biodistribution, and function of NPs could be engineered through regulating their interactions with in vivo niches. Inspired by communications in biological systems, endowing a “biological identity” to synthetic NPs is one approach to control their biodistribution, and immunonegotiation profiles. This synthetic‐biological combination is referred to as biohybrid NPs, which comprise both i) engineerable, readily producible, and trackable synthetic NPs as well as ii) biological moieties with the capability to cross‐talk with immunological barriers. Here, the latest understanding on the in vivo interactions of NPs, biological barriers they face, and emerging methods for quantitative measurements of NPs' biodistribution are reviewed. Some key biomolecules that have emerged as negotiators with the immune system in the context of cancer and autoimmunity, and their inspirations on biohybrid NPs are introduced. Critical design considerations for efficient cross‐talk between NPs and innate and adaptive immunity followed by hybridization methods are also discussed. Finally, clinical translation challenges and future perspectives regarding biohybrid NPs are discussed.
An adaptive plan‐oriented and continuous software migration to cloud in dynamic enterprises
Authors: Nabavi Seyyed Yahya , Bushehrian Omid 
Published: June 2019

SummaryReplacing existing software/hardware components with their equivalent cloud services is an important decision faced by IT managers in today's enterprises. A variety of possible migration targets and cloud services with too many configurations and cost models, disparate and changing strategic objectives of the enterprise management that triggers the migration process, and the complex structure of the legacy applications make software migration to the cloud a challenging issue. In contrast to the existing approaches that model the migration process as an optimization problem to find the optimal deployment of software components on cloud services without presenting a practical migration plan, in this paper, a plan‐oriented migration approach is proposed by which the enterprise management is able to follow migration steps of a valid plan. All valid plans are modeled using a labeled transition system, and a recommender engine directs the management through the possible migration paths using predefined fitness functions. It was observed that, particularly in dynamic and changing conditions that a flexible migration plan is essential, the proposed plan‐oriented method is very much effective in satisfying the enterprise strategic objectives. Evaluations have been performed using two quality indicators: total cost of ownership and scalability index.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Functionalized Azaheterocycles from Carbocycles through Oxidative Ring Opening/Reductive Ring Closing Protocols
Authors: Kiss Loránd , Ouchakour Lamiaa , Ábrahámi Renáta A. , Nonn Melinda 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFluorine‐containing organic scaffolds are of significant interest in medicinal chemistry. The incorporation of fluorine into biomolecules can lead to remarkable changes in their physical, chemical, and biological properties. There are already many drugs on the market, which contain at least one fluorine atom. Saturated functionalized azaheterocycles as bioactive substances have gained increasing attention in pharmaceutical chemistry. Due to the high biorelevance of organofluorine molecules and the importance of N‐heterocyclic compounds, selective stereocontrolled procedures to the access of new fluorine‐containing saturated N‐heterocycles are considered to be a hot research topic. This account summarizes the synthesis of functionalized and fluorine‐containing saturated azaheterocycles starting from functionalized cycloalkenes and based on oxidative ring cleavage of diol intermediates followed by ring expansion with reductive amination.
Who are the most inclined to learn? Evidence from Chinese multinationals’ internationalization in the European Union
Authors: Chen Liang , Li Yi , Fan Di 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhile it is widely recognised that an asset-augmenting rather than asset-exploiting strategy drives emerging multinationals’ (EMNEs) internationalization, current research focuses on the motivations behind knowledge seeking FDI. What remains less clear is why latecomer firms can engage in learning in advanced countries. Conjoining the “Linkage-Leverage-Learning (LLL)” framework and knowledge seeking literature, this study shows how Chinese investment in the European Union reveals the preconditions for foreign knowledge sourcing. We follow a set-theoretic approach, utilizing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), to identify equifinal configurations of linkage and leverage conditions leading to high learning propensity of EMNEs. Our analysis extends the LLL framework and complements the recent debate on the theory of the EMNE. We develop propositions based on distinct constellations of learning antecedents.
Impact of Weather and Herd Size Management on Beef Cow Profitability
Authors: Tester Colson A. , Popp Michael P. , Kemper Nathan P. , Nalley Lanier L. , West Grant 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProducers often contemplate expanding or contracting production to take advantage of cyclical cattle price trends. This study quantifies profitability and risk implications of (1) constant herd size, (2) dollar cost averaging, and (3) price signal-based, anticipatory countercyclical expansion/contraction strategies. Weather simulation on forages with different calving season and land use intensity showed fall calving herds with added hay sales from greater fertilizer use and the countercyclical herd size management strategy to be most profitable regardless of weather or time period analyzed. Income risk was comparable to least fertilizer use. Overall, holding herd size constant led to little regret.
Work and Discipline on the East African Coast
Authors: White Luise 
Published: June 2019

Abstract:Frederick Cooper’s first three books, published between 1977 and 1987, were written during African historians’ first sustained critical engagement with African archives and African voices. Cooper’s books were literally in the weeds with slave and free labor in East Africa, yet their importance went beyond the region. Read in sequence, we see how Cooper’s work was shifting toward studies of the metropole by the mid-1980s. Taken together we see how practices in the workplace shaped policies in Whitehall, that conditions on plantations and on docks caused a rethinking of how colonialists might most successfully exert control.
A framework for input–output analysis of wall-bounded shear flows
Authors: Ahmadi Mohamadreza , Valmorbida Giorgio , Gayme Dennice , Papachristodoulou Antonis 
Published: June 2019

We propose a new framework to evaluate input–output amplification properties of nonlinear models of wall-bounded shear flows, subject to both square integrable and persistent disturbances. We focus on flows that are spatially invariant in one direction and whose base flow can be described by a polynomial, e.g. streamwise-constant channel, Couette and pipe flows. Our methodology is based on the notion of dissipation inequalities in control theory and provides a single unified approach for examining flow properties such as energy growth, worst-case disturbance amplification and stability to persistent excitations (i.e. input-to-state stability). It also enables direct analysis of the nonlinear partial differential equation rather than of a discretized form of the equations, thereby removing the possibility of truncation errors. We demonstrate how to numerically compute the input–output properties of the flow as the solution of a (convex) optimization problem. We apply our theoretical and computational tools to plane Couette, channel and pipe flows. Our results demonstrate that the proposed framework leads to results that are consistent with theoretical and experimental amplification scalings obtained in the literature.
Relative periodic solutions in conducting liquid films flowing down vertical fibres
Authors: Ding Zijing , Willis Ashley P. 
Published: June 2019

The dynamics of a conducting liquid film flowing down a cylindrical fibre, subjected to a radial electric field, is investigated using a long-wave model (Ding et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 752, 2014, p. 66). In this study, to account for the complicated interactions between droplets, we consider two large droplets in a periodic computational domain and find two distinct types of travelling wave solutions, which consist of either two identical droplets (type I) or two slightly different droplets (type II). Both are ‘relative’ equilibria, i.e. steady in a frame moving at their phase speed, and are stable in smaller domains when the electric field is weak. We also study relative periodic orbits, i.e. temporally recurrent dynamic solutions of the system. In the presence of the electric field, we show how these invariant solutions are linked to the dynamics, where the system can evolve into one of the steady travelling wave states, into an oscillatory state, or into a ‘singular structure’ (Wray et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 735, 2013, pp. 427–456; Ding et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 752, 2014, p. 66). We find that the oscillation between two similarly sized large droplets in the oscillatory state is well represented by relative periodic orbits. Varying the electric field strength, we demonstrate that relative periodic solutions arise as the dynamically important solution once the type-I or type-II travelling wave solutions lose stability. Oscillation can be either enhanced or impeded as the electric field’s strength increases. When the electric field is strong, no relative periodic solutions are found and a spike-like singular structure is observed. For the case where the electric field is not present, the oscillation is instead caused by the interaction between a large droplet and a nearby much smaller droplet. We show that this oscillation phenomenon originates from the instability of the type-I travelling wave solution in larger domains, and that the oscillatory state can again be represented by an exact relative periodic orbit. The relative periodic orbit solution is also compared with experimental study for this case. The present study demonstrates that the relative periodic solutions are better at capturing the wave speed and oscillatory dynamics than the travelling wave solutions in the unsteady flow regime.
Iron Age landscape changes in the Benoué River Valley, Cameroon
Authors: Wright David K. , MacEachern Scott , Ambrose Stanley H. , Choi Jungyu , Choi Jeong-Heon , Lang Carol , Wang Hong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe introduction of agriculture is known to have profoundly affected the ecological complexion of landscapes. In this study, a rapid transition from C3to C4vegetation is inferred from a shift to higher stable carbon (13C/12C) isotope ratios of soils and sediments in the Benoué River Valley and upland Fali Mountains in northern Cameroon. Landscape change is viewed from the perspective of two settlement mounds and adjacent floodplains, as well as a rock terrace agricultural field dating from 1100 cal yr BP to the recent past (<400 cal yr BP). Nitrogen (15N/14N) isotope ratios and soil micromorphology demonstrate variable uses of land adjacent to the mound sites. These results indicate that Early Iron Age settlement practices involved exploitation of C3plants on soils with low δ15N values, indicating wetter soils. Conversely, from the Late Iron Age (>700 cal yr BP) until recent times, high soil and sediment δ13C and δ15N values reflect more C4biomass and anthropogenic organic matter in open, dry environments. The results suggest that Iron Age settlement practices profoundly changed landscapes in this part of West Africa through land clearance and/or utilization of C4plants.
Disgruntled Elites and Imperial States: The Making of Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Civil Society in Congress Poland and Western Galicia.
Authors: Kurjanska Malgorzata 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhy does civil society in some cases become a tool of elite organization and domination of non-elites, and in others a sphere for non-elite self-organization and self-determination? To answer this question, this article compares the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century divergent developments of civil society in two regions of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Russian-ruled Congress Poland, with a focus on the Warsaw Governorate (1815–1915), and Austrian-ruled western-Galicia, concentrating on the Grand Duchy of Krakow (1846–1914). This analysis of variation in elite domination of civil society shifts the focus of civil society debates away from the market and the state and toward elites. It argues that while imperial policies of regional integration and socioeconomic changes spurred by the transition from feudalism shaped the potential paths of civil society's development in both regions, their effects on civil society's relative autonomy in each were mediated, and thus steered, by the interests and conflicts of local elites.