bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disabled children's evolving digital use practices to support formal learning. A missed opportunity for inclusion
Authors: Cranmer Sue 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper takes an interdisciplinary approach combining digital education with disability theory to investigate disabled children's digital use practices for formal learning. Evidence suggests that children's lives have been transformed through engagement with digital technologies, eg, computers, laptops and mobile devices. Even so, empirical studies about disabled children's uses of technology remain limited, particularly studies that engage with disabled children's own views in context. In response, an exploratory, participatory research study was designed to gain up‐to‐date insights into how visually impaired children, as an illustrative case, experienced digital technologies for learning within the context of inclusive education policy. Disabled children and teachers were interviewed in mainstream schools in England; results were analysed using social practice theory to identify digital use practices characterised as digital learning and digital accessibility practices alongside children's experiences. Outcomes were mixed. Youngsters saw benefits to using digital technologies, particularly tablets, for learning. Nevertheless, digital accessibility practices were potentially stigmatising and carried an extra task load to overcome barriers that occurred when teachers had not developed inclusive digital pedagogy. The paper discusses the implications of these findings and calls for further research to guide schools to use digital technologies to support inclusion.
Predictive value of left ventricular myocardial strain by four‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography combined with red cell distribution width in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Fang Sihua , Zhang Zhihua , Wang Ying , Jiang Fan , Yang Kai , He Fei , Zhang Chaoxue 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe diagnostic difficulty of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is differentiating it in patients with similar symptoms and signs. This study aimed to assess the potential predictive value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global area strain (GAS) measured by four‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (4DSTE) combined with red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with HFpEF.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐nine patients with symptoms or signs indicative of chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% and fifty controls with normal LVEF were recruited in this study. Standard echocardiography and 4DSTE examinations were performed. Laboratory examinations including RDW were performed on the same day as the echocardiographic study.ResultsGLS, GCS, GRS, and GAS in the patient cohort were significantly lower, and RDW was significantly higher than those in the control cohort (P < 0.01), and the strain parameters in definite HFpEF patients were also dramatically lower than the rest patients (P < 0.01). The associations of age, gender, NYHA classification, hypertension history, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index, interventricular septal thickness, and diastolic dysfunction with HFpEF were significantly improved by adding 4DSTE parameters (P < 0.01) and further improved by adding RDW (P < 0.01).ConclusionsIn suspected HFpEF patients, who have symptoms or signs of heart failure, even without other conventional evidence of this diagnosis, GLS, GRS, and GCS have potential independent predictive value, while RDW has independent incremental predictive value for HFpEF.
Right ventricular total isovolumic time: Reference value study
Authors: Tavazzi Guido , Boffi Andrea , Savioli Gabriele , Greco Alessandra , Pavesi Claudia , Klersy Catherine , Guida Stefania , Iotti Giorgio , Mojoli Francesco , Ghio Stefano , Via Gabriele , Barbier Paolo , Raineri Claudia , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Price Susanna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is lack of noninvasive indices to detail the right side cardiovascular physiology. Total isovolumic time (tIVT) is a sensitive marker of left ventricular electromechanical efficiency and systolic‐diastolic interaction. The aim of the study was to evaluate normal reference value of the right ventricular tIVT with increasing age.Methods and resultsOne hundred and eighty‐one healthy volunteers (51% male) underwent transthoracic echocardiography. The population was divided into four categories according to age: A < 30 years; B 30–39 years; C 40–49 years; and C ≥ 50 years old. tIVT was computed in seconds/minutes as: 60 – (tET + tFT). tET and tFT are the total ejection and filling time adjusted by the heart rate, measured, respectively, from the onset to the end of the right ventricle (RV) forward flow through the pulmonary valve and from the onset of the E‐wave and the end of the A‐wave at the level of the tricuspid valve. The mean RV tIVT was 7 ± 1.1 s/min and increased significantly with age, from a 3.4 to 9.7 s/min(P < 0.0001). Significant correlation was found between tIVT and trans‐tricuspid E/E′ (P < 0.0001; 0.78 (95% CI: 0.715–0.831) while weaker between tIVT and E/A (P = 0.001; −0.283 95% CI: −0.413 to −0.143).ConclusionThe normal values of RV tIVT increase with age and correlate significantly with Doppler diastolic parameters.
FDA's and EMA's approval of brentuximab vedotin for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma: Another player in the town?
Authors: Milunović Vibor , Mišura Jakobac Karla , Kursar Marin , Mandac Rogulj Inga , Ostojić Kolonić Slobodanka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractECHELON‐1 study is a randomized open‐labeled controlled trial investigating whether addition of brentuximab vedotin to chemotherapy offers benefit over the standard chemotherapy regimen in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma. After a median follow‐up of 24.6 months, it has met its primary endpoint the reduction of modified progression‐free survival being 23 percent. However, the beneficial effects have not been seen across all subgroups leading to further questions. The main aim of this review is to tackle these questions to provide the reader with in‐depth insight of pros and cons of this novel, promising but ultimately controversial regimen.
IL6Rα function in myeloid cells modulates the inflammatory response during irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: Frempah Benjamin , Luckett‐Chastain Lerin R. , Gallucci Randle M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIrritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is characterized by epidermal hyperplasia, infiltration of leucocytes into lesional skin and inflammatory cytokine release. The cellular infiltrate during ICD comprises primarily cells of the myeloid lineage. Our group has previously shown that the cytokine IL‐6 confers a protective effect to lesional skin during ICD. How IL‐6Rα function in myeloid cells is involved in the inflammatory response during ICD is, however, unknown. In the present study, utilizing a chemical model of ICD, it is shown that mice with a myeloid‐specific knockout of the IL‐6Rα (IL‐6RαΔmyeloid) display an exaggerated inflammatory response to benzalkonium chloride (BKC) and Jet propellant‐8 (JP8) fuel, two well‐characterized irritants relative to littermate control. Results from immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analyses revealed that IL‐6RαΔmyeloid mouse skin displayed increased epidermal hyperplasia and inflammatory monocyte influx into lesional skin but lower numbers of resident macrophages relative to littermate controls after irritant exposure. Multiplex immunoassay revealed significantly higher levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1α and TNF‐α, but reduced expression of chemokine proteins including CCL2‐5, CCL7, CCL11, CXCL1 and CXCL10 in IL‐6RαΔmyeloid mouse skin relative to littermate control following irritant exposure. These results highlight a previously unknown role of IL‐6Rα function in myeloid cells in modulating the inflammatory response and myeloid population dynamics during ICD.
Resolving oxidative damage to methionine by an unexpected membrane‐associated stereoselective reductase discovered using chiral fluorescent probes
Authors: Makukhin Nikolai , Havelka Václav , Poláchová Edita , Rampírová Petra , Tarallo Vincenzo , Strisovsky Kvido , Míšek Jiří 
Published: June 2019

Nonenzymatic oxidative processes in living organisms are among the inevitable consequences of respiration and environmental conditions. These oxidative processes can lead to the formation of two stereoisomers (R and S) of methionine sulfoxide, and the redox balance between methionine and methionine sulfoxide in proteins has profound implications on their function. Methionine oxidation can be reverted enzymatically by methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs). The two enzyme classes known to fulfill this role are MsrA, reducing the (S)‐isomer, and MsrB, reducing the (R)‐isomer of methionine sulfoxide. They are strictly stereoselective and conserved throughout the tree of life. Under stress conditions such as stationary phase and nutrient starvation, Escherichia coli upregulates the expression of MsrA but a similar effect has not been described for MsrB, raising the conundrum of which pathway enables reduction of the (R)‐isomer of methionine sulfoxide in these conditions. Using the recently developed chiral fluorescent probes Sulfox‐1, we show that in stationary phase‐stressed E. coli, MsrA does have a stereocomplementary activity reducing the (R)‐isomer of methionine sulfoxide. However, this activity is not provided by MsrB as expected, but instead by the DMSO reductase complex DmsABC, widely conserved in bacteria. This finding reveals an unexpected diversity in the metabolic enzymes of redox regulation concerning methionine, which should be taken into account in any antibacterial strategies exploiting oxidative stress.DatabaseThe mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD013610.
Microbiological contamination of cosmetic products – observations from Europe, 2005–2018
Authors: Michalek I.M. , John S.M. , Caetano dos Santos F.L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough cosmetic products are not expected to be fully aseptic, their potential microbiological contamination might be dangerous, especially for immunocompromised patients. The extent of such contamination of cosmetics in Europe is poorly studied.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to explore whether microbiologically contaminated cosmetic products are available for sale in Europe and what type of contamination was reported.MethodsWe searched the European Union Rapid Information System for dangerous non‐food products (Rapex), a database of non‐compliant products among 31 European countries, to identify microbiologically contaminated cosmetics reported between 2005 and 2018, and present a detailed summary of these notifications.ResultsIn the years 2005–2018, 104 reports on microbiologically contaminated cosmetics were identified. Twenty of them were products for children. The majority of the products (65.38%) were produced in Rapex member states. In most cases, contamination was caused by Gram‐negative bacteria (59.62%), mostly Pseudomonas spp. (35.58%) and Enterobacter spp. (11.54%).ConclusionsGram‐negative rod‐shaped bacteria are the most common microbiota contaminating cosmetic products in Europe. Most of the reported microbiologically contaminated cosmetics originated from European countries.
Reduced risk of stroke following cholecystectomy: A nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Wei Cheng‐Yu , Chuang Shu‐Hung , Lin Cheng‐Li , Kung Woon‐Man , Tai Hsu Chih , Tsai Kevin Wen‐Kai , Kao Chia‐Hung , Chen Chien‐Hua , Yeh Yung‐Hsiang , Hsu Chung Y 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and AimGallstones and stroke are common diseases worldwide. The relationship between gallstones and stroke has been documented in the literature. In this work, to characterize the risk of stroke among gallstone patients with and without cholecystectomy, we investigated the effects of cholecystectomy in a nationwide population‐based retrospective cohort study.MethodsData were obtained from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. The study comprised 155 356 gallstone patients divided into two groups: those with and without cholecystectomy.ResultsDuring the study period (2000–2012), 19 096 (17.8/1000 person‐years) gallstone patients without cholecystectomy and 11 913 (10.6/1000 person‐years) gallstone patients with cholecystectomy had a stroke. Following gallstone removal, the patients exhibited a significant decrease in the risk of overall stroke (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.59–0.61), ischemic stroke (HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.58–0.61), and hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.53–0.59). Asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstone patients had lower overall stroke risk after cholecystectomy (HR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.62–0.67 and HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.56–0.59) than did asymptomatic gallstone patients without cholecystectomy.ConclusionsThis population‐based cohort study demonstrated that cholecystectomy is related to reduce the risk of overall stroke, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke. Preventive measures for stroke may be considered for gallstone patients, particularly those presenting risk factor(s) for stroke.
Post‐ischemic salubrinal administration reduces necroptosis in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia
Authors: Font‐Belmonte Enrique , Ugidos Irene F. , Santos‐Galdiano María , González‐Rodríguez Paloma , Anuncibay‐Soto Berta , Pérez‐Rodríguez Diego , Gonzalo‐Orden Jose Manuel , Fernández‐López Arsenio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIschemic stroke is one of the most important causes of death and disability worldwide. Subroutines underlying cell death after stroke are largely unknown despite their importance in the design of novel therapies for this pathology. Necroptosis, a recently described form of regulated cell death, has been related with inflammation and, in some models, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesize that alleviation of ER stress following a salubrinal treatment will reduce the ischemic‐dependent necroptosis. To probe the hypothesis, we measured, at 48 and 72 h after transient global cerebral ischemia in rat, in cerebral cortex and cornu ammonis 1, the main hallmarks of necroptosis: mRNA levels and phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase as well as receptor interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3, along the years 2017–2018. Selective neuronal loss after 7 days of the ischemic insult, and other markers related with the inflammatory response were also measured. This study shows that necroptosis in cerebral cortex can be detected after 72 h of the insult and seems to be elicited before 48 h of reperfusion. The type of necroptosis here observed seems to be tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 independent. Necroptotic response is less evident in the cornu ammonis 1 hippocampal area than in cerebral cortex. The treatment with salubrinal administered 1 and 24 h after the ischemia, decreased the necroptotic marker levels and reduced the areas of selective neuronal loss, supporting the presence of ischemic‐dependent necroptosis, and the notion that ER stress is involved in the necroptotic response.
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Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials BadgeFor more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/
Regulation of subtelomeric fungal secondary metabolite genes by H3K4me3 regulators CclA and KdmB
Authors: Lukito Yonathan , Chujo Tetsuya , Hale Tracy K. , Mace Wade , Johnson Linda J. , Scott Barry 
Published: June 2019

SummaryStudies on the regulation of fungal secondary metabolism highlight the importance of histone H3K4 methylation regulators Set1, CclA (Ash2) and KdmB (KDM5), but it remains unclear whether these proteins act by direct modulation of H3K4me3 at the target genes. In filamentous fungi, secondary metabolite genes are frequently located near telomeres, a site where H3K4 methylation is thought to have a repressive role. Here we analyzed the role of CclA, KdmB and H3K4me3 in regulating the subtelomeric EAS and LTM cluster genes in Epichloë festucae. Depletion of H3K4me3 correlated with transcriptional activation of these genes in ΔcclA, similarly enrichment of H3K4me3 correlated with transcriptional repression of the genes in ΔkdmB which was accompanied by significant reduction in the levels of the agriculturally undesirable lolitrems. These transcriptional changes could only be explained by the alterations in H3K4me3 and not in the subtelomerically‐important marks H3K9me3/K27me3. However, H3K4me3 changes in both mutants were not confined to these regions but occurred genome‐wide, and at other subtelomeric loci there were inconsistent correlations between H3K4me3 enrichment and gene repression. Our study suggests that CclA and KdmB are crucial regulators of secondary metabolite genes, but these proteins likely act via means independent to, or in conjunction with the H3K4me3 mark.
Higher frequency of false‐positive serum galactomannan tests among older subjects and the association with elevated serum immunoglobulin G levels
Authors: Abe Yoshiaki , Narita Kentaro , Kobayashi Hiroki , Kitadate Akihiro , Takeuchi Masami , Matsue Kosei 
Published: June 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe incidence of false‐positive serum galactomannan (GM) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay test results has been scarcely examined among older subjects. Additionally, previous studies have highlighted the influence of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels on GM test results. We hypothesised that age‐related IgG level elevation might also be associated with false‐positive GM test results in older subjects.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association between false‐positive GM test results and age or serum IgG levels.Patients/MethodsWe investigated the association between false‐positive serum GM test results and age in 1071 healthy adult subjects. Then, we validated this association and further explored the correlation with serum IgG levels by retrospectively identifying 700 patients with newly diagnosed haematologic disorders without probable or proven invasive aspergillosis.ResultsHealthy subjects with false‐positive GM test results were significantly older than those without false‐positive results (P < 0.001). Among patients with haematologic disorders, IgG myeloma patients showed significantly higher false‐positive rates (57/125 [45.6%]) than patients with other haematologic disorders (non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: 48/315 [15.2%], myelodysplastic syndrome/aplastic anaemia: 19/141 [13.5%]; both P < 0.001) or other types of myeloma (IgA myeloma: 13/60 [21.7%], light chain myeloma: 9/52 [17.3%]; both P < 0.01). Furthermore, among non‐multiple myeloma patients, advanced age and higher IgG level were also significantly associated with the high frequency of false‐positive GM test results.ConclusionsFalse‐positive serum GM test results were frequent among older subjects and patients with elevated serum IgG levels. These results suggested that age‐ and/or disease‐related IgG level elevation could induce this phenomenon.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis due to Fusarium species and review of the literature on fungal cholecystitis
Authors: Szvalb Ariel D. , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryFungal cholecystitis is an uncommon entity, and no cases of cholecystitis associated with mould infection have been reported. We present a case of acute Fusarium cholecystitis in a cytopenic patient with leukaemia who had disseminated fusariosis. We also review the published cases of fungal cholecystitis, which is most often caused by Candida species. Although it is rare, fungal cholecystitis should be part of the differential diagnosis of acute cholecystitis in high‐risk patients with predisposing factors for opportunistic fungal infections.
Anesthetic management of acute nasal epistaxis occurring during general anesthesia
Authors: Chandrakantan Arvind , Mohammad Shazia , Adler Adam C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSpontaneous epistaxis under general anesthesia is a rare untoward event. Typically, mild epistaxis occurs from a nasal airway manipulation and usually resolves spontaneously or with external pressure to the affected nares for a short period of time. In case of epistaxis that is difficult to control with pressure or oxymetazoline, thorough evaluation should be considered. We present a case of a 12‐year‐old experiencing spontaneous nasal bleeding upon emergence difficult to control with noninvasive methods and required intervention by otolaryngology.
Effect of NUDT15 on incidence of neutropenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Buaboonnam Jassada , Sripatanatadasakul Pariwan , Treesucon Ajjima , Glomglao Waraporn , Siraprapapat Preeyanun , Narkbunnam Nattee , Vathana Nassawee , Takpradit Chayamon , Phuakpet Kamon , Pongtanakul Bunchoo , Tongsai Sasima , Sinlapamongkolkul Phakatip , Sanpakit Kleebsabai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground6‐Mercaptopurine (6‐MP) is considered the backbone of therapy in the maintenance phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Gene polymorphisms involved in thiopurine degradation are predictors of toxicity in patients treated with 6‐MP. We investigated the effects of nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X (nudix) type motif 15 (NUDT15) polymorphism NUDT15c.415C>T on neutropenia incidence, dose adjustment for 6‐MP, and survival rates in Thai children with ALL.MethodsChildren diagnosed with ALL who received 6‐MP in the maintenance phase of treatment, in 2005–2016, were retrospectively enrolled.ResultsThe subjects consisted of 102 patients (median age, 5.2 years; 58 boys). On genetic testing 78, 22, and two patients were normal (CC), heterozygous (CT), and homozygous (TT), respectively. The incidence of neutropenia at 3 months was significantly higher in the CT/TT than CC polymorphism groups (OR, 12; 95%CI: 3.781–38.085, P < 0.001). The mean dose of 6‐MP at 3, 6, and 12 months was significantly lower in the CT/TT versus the CC group (P < 0.001). The 5 year overall survival (OS) rate for CC was 80.4%, and for CT/TT, 95.5% (P = 0.34). The 5 year event‐free survival (EFS) for CC and CT/TT was 75.1% and 85.7%, respectively (P = 0.17). After adjusted risk classification, no significant differences were observed for OS or EFS between the CC and CT/TT groups.ConclusionPatients harboring the CT/TT polymorphism of NUDT15 had a significantly higher incidence of neutropenia during the first 3 months of maintenance, resulting in significantly lower doses of 6‐MP.