bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A corpus-based analysis of ‘vernacular synonyms’
Authors: Guardamagna Caterina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Against the backdrop of the significant social changes taking place during the Renaissance, this paper
interrogates the lexical domain of citizenship, focusing on three words deemed near-synonymous in the historical literature:
citizens, burgesses, and freemen. The study takes a quantitative corpus-linguistic approach
to the data in the
Early English Books Online
corpus (1550–1699) and
consults lexicographical sources (the Oxford English Dictionary, the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford
English Dictionary, and the Lexicons of Early Modern English 1550–1700) to offer an overview of the
organisation of the conceptual domain occupied by citizenship terms referring to “dwellers”. The relationships between
citizens, burgesses, and freemen over time are addressed through detailed quantitative
collocation analysis, considering their overall profile, stability and innovation, and areas of functional overlap and
distinctiveness. Overall, the results support historians’ intuitions that citizens, burgesses, and
freemen are “vernacular synonyms”.
Segmentation and analysis of the two English excerpts
Authors: Raso Tommaso , Barbosa Plínio A. , Cavalcante Frederico A. , Mittmann Maryualê M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper has a tripartite focus: (1) to establish the best
segmentation for two American English texts according to inter-rater agreement measurements.
By doing this, we differentiate the behavior of experts and non-experts annotators. The
experts’ annotation constitute the basis for the analysis; (2) to capture, measure, and
analyze the phonetic features that correlate with boundaries, as they are marked by the
expert annotators; (3) to informationally annotate prosodic units according to the Language
into Act Theory, and analyze their corresponding information structure: in order to do this,
we make and justify decisions in marking the reference units and assigning informational
value to prosodic units; additionally we further discuss some cases of major
disagreements.
Parameters Optimization of Decoy-State Phase-Matching Quantum Key Distribution Based on the Nature-Inspired Algorithms
Authors: Liu 刘 Chang 畅 , Li 李 Yue 悦 , Wang 王 Haoyang 浩洋 , Shi 石 Kaiyi 开毅 , Ma 马 Duo 铎 , Zhang 张 Yujia 育嘉 , Ma 马 Haiqiang 海强 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Phase-matching quantum-key distribution (PM-QKD) has achieved significant results in various practical applications. However, real-time communication requires dynamic adjustment and optimization of key parameters during communication. In this letter, we predict the PM-QKD parameters using nature-inspired algorithms (NIAs). The results are obtained from an exhaustive traversal algorithm (ETA), which serves as a benchmark. We mainly study the parameter optimization effects of the two NIAs: ant colony optimization (ACO) and the genetic algorithm (GA). The configuration of the inherent parameters of these algorithms in the decoy-state PM-QKD is also discussed. The simulation results indicate that the parameters obtained by the ACO exhibit superior convergence and stability, whereas the GA results are relatively scattered. Nevertheless, more than 97% of the key rates predicted by both algorithms are highly consistent with the optimal key rate. Moreover, the relative error of the key rates remained below 10%. Furthermore, NIAs maintain power consumption below 8 W and require three orders of magnitude less computing time than ETA.
Generation of Isolated Attosecond Pulses by the Harmonic Spectrum of MgO under a Three-Color Laser Pulse
Authors: Chen 陈 Jiaqi 家祺 , Jiang 蒋 Wenli 文丽 , Qiao 乔 Yue 月 , Yang 杨 Yujun 玉军 , Chen 陈 Jigen 基根 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines the high-order harmonic radiation behavior of MgO crystals driven by combined pulses based on the numerical solution of the semiconductor Bloch equation. We found that compared with the monochromatic pulse, the MgO crystal can radiate a continuous harmonic spectrum with two platforms driven by the three-color combined pulse. The reason is that under the three-color combined pulse, the electron ionization and recombination can be effectively controlled within a half-optical cycle of the laser pulse. Using this continuous spectrum, we synthesized an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of approximately 370 as. This study provides a new perspective on all-solid-state compact optical devices.
AsterX: a new open-source GPU-accelerated GRMHD code for dynamical spacetimes
Authors: Kalinani Jay V , Ji Liwei , Ennoggi Lorenzo , Lopez Armengol Federico G , Timotheo Sanches Lucas , Tsao Bing-Jyun , Brandt Steven R , Campanelli Manuela , Ciolfi Riccardo , Giacomazzo Bruno , Haas Roland , Schnetter Erik , Zlochower Yosef 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present AsterX, a novel open-source, modular, GPU-accelerated, fully general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code designed for dynamic spacetimes in 3D Cartesian coordinates, and tailored for exascale computing. We utilize block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) through CarpetX, the new driver for the Einstein Toolkit, which is built on AMReX, a software framework for massively parallel applications. AsterX employs the Valencia formulation for GRMHD, coupled with the ‘Z4c’ formalism for spacetime evolution, while incorporating high resolution shock capturing schemes to accurately handle the hydrodynamics. AsterX has undergone rigorous testing in both static and dynamic spacetime, demonstrating remarkable accuracy and agreement with other codes in literature. Using subcycling in time, we find an overall performance gain of factor 2.5–4.5. Benchmarking the code through scaling tests on OLCF’s Frontier supercomputer, we demonstrate a weak scaling efficiency of about 67%–77% on 4096 nodes compared to an 8-node performance.
A new study of the Unruh effect
Authors: Dickinson Robert , Forshaw Jeff , Jenkinson Ross , Millington Peter 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We revisit the Unruh effect within a general framework based on direct, probability-level calculations. We rederive the transition rate of a uniformly accelerating Unruh–DeWitt monopole detector coupled to a massive scalar field, from both the perspective of an inertial (Minkowski) observer and an accelerating (Rindler) observer. We show that, for a measurement at a finite time after the initial state is prepared, the two perspectives give the same transition rate. We confirm that an inertial detector in a thermal bath of Minkowski particles responds differently to the accelerated detector (which perceives a thermal bath of Rindler particles), except in the case of a massless field where there is agreement at all times. Finally, new numerical results for the transition rate are presented and explained, highlighting the transient effects caused by forcing the field to initially be in the Minkowski vacuum state.
Single ion effect on material and electrical properties of deposited and annealed Al2O3 film on 4H-SiC by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Miao Yuyang , Shen Zhanwei , Zhu Xiaogang , Hu Yinze , Yue Shizhong , Yu Huiyong , Wang Zhijie , Zhang Feng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC) devices are highly preferred for space applications due to robust covalent bonding of the material, which imparts excellent radiation tolerance. However, metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices with silicon dioxide (SiO2) gate dielectrics continue to exhibit a high density of interface states. These defects create significant challenges in accounting for latent gate damage formed along the paths of heavy ion incidences. High-k materials, such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), offer promising alternatives to the current SiO2 gate dielectrics. This study investigates the effects of heavy ion impact on the surface morphology and interfacial properties of Al2O3 gate dielectrics on 4 H-SiC, utilizing bismuth (Bi) ion radiation with a linear energy transfer of 99.8 MeV cm2 mg−1. It was observed that the uniformity of the refractive index in Al2O3 films annealed at 1100 °C was less affected by radiation compared to that in as-deposited films. The root mean square roughness (R
q) of the annealed films showed a minor variation from 0.28 nm to 0.34 nm before and after radiation exposure, whereas the roughness of the as-deposited films increased significantly from 0.24 nm to 0.54 nm. Furthermore, radiated amorphous Al2O3 exhibited swelling of approximately 3.10%, indicating the formation of bombarded pores, which were scarcely visible in annealed Al2O3 films. The radiation also led to the formation of oxygen vacancies or interstitial oxygen, contributing to a reduction in Al–O and Al–O–Si bonds. Nevertheless, poly-crystalline Al2O3 induced by annealing displayed more robust and stable bonding between aluminum and oxygen, with fewer damaged elemental components. This improvement led to a significant reduction in radiation-induced interfacial trap density from 6.00 × 1012 cm−2 in as-deposited films to 2.20 × 1012 cm−2 in annealed Al2O3/SiC MOS devices. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of heavy ion radiation effects and are crucial for developing radiation-hardened processes in SiC MOS field-effect transistors.
ASFormer: attentive semantic feature fusion transformer for pixel-level defect detection
Authors: Zhu Qinmiao , Hu Huan , Liu Teng , Yang Hua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Surface defect detection is pivotal for ensuring product quality in various industries. These defects typically manifest as low background contrast, substantial variations in shape, and a scarcity of balanced training samples. Traditional defect detection methods often encounter limitations in terms of low detection accuracy and insufficient detection granularity. This study introduces an innovative attentive semantic feature fusion transformer network (ASFormer) tailored for pixel-level defect detection tasks to overcome these challenges. Initially, the transformer architecture is employed to extract the multiscale features of defects. Subsequently, a multiscale semantic fusion module is integrated, complemented by a dynamic upsampling mechanism, to mitigate the loss of detailed information during feature fusion. Moreover, a scale-aware dual-attention module is developed, which effectively captures the intricacies of the fused features across both channel and spatial dimensions, ensuring pixel-level detection precision. Additionally, a contextual boundary loss function is proposed to augment the ability of the network to discern defect boundaries, different categories and defect scales. Experimental validation on the NEU-Seg and Crack500 surface defect datasets demonstrated that the proposed ASFormer achieved state-of-the-art performance, with mIoU scores of 85.24% and 78.20%, respectively.
Vehicle identification and analysis based on lightweight YOLOv5 on edge computing platform
Authors: Hong Tiansong , Ma Yongjie , Jiang Hui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With the accelerating process of urbanization, the role of intelligent transportation systems in urban traffic management has become more crucial. Nevertheless, traditional surveillance cameras only possess the ability to capture videos and lack the capacity for vehicle detection. Consequently, in order to enhance the intelligent capabilities of front-end surveillance cameras and achieve lightweight model deployment, this research has designed a lightweight detection model that can be deployed on embedded devices. Deploying detection models on embedded devices requires a high level of storage and system computing power, and there exist issues such as model speed, model accuracy, model size, and energy efficiency that are difficult to address in existing studies. Specifically, based on YOLOv5, we first use lightweight structures to replace the C3 module and introduce GSConv and Slim Neck structures to replace the Neck of YOLOv5 in order to reduce the model’s parameters and computational complexity. After replacing the model structure, we use global channel pruning to remove redundant information, and use asymmetric quantization to convert model parameters from floating point numbers to fixed point numbers, significantly reducing the model’s size and load time, and improving the inference speed. For the target tracking part, we combine the ByteTrack target tracking algorithm with the proposed model, effectively reducing the impact of target occlusion on detection and improving the correlation between video frames. In terms of data recording, detection information such as vehicle color, license plate number, and road blockage level can be uploaded to the database server, and the model’s detection results can be encoded using the H.264 video encoding format and uploaded to the streaming media server through streaming media protocols. In the experimental part, we selected the embedded Rk3399pro as the deployment object and achieved 97.8% accuracy in the vehicle counting task, meeting the real-time performance requirements of 31 FPS.
Remaining useful life prediction of pressure regulating shutoff valve based on feature fusion and bidirectional gated recurrent unit
Authors: Meng Ziran , Zhu Jun , Yang Lu , Yu Yang , Huo Yingdong , Zhao Zhibin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the bleed air system of the ARJ21 aircraft, pressure regulating shutoff valve (PRSOV) failures are common, and their failures can lead to disasters and economic losses. Accordingly, prediction of the degradation performance of PRSOV is crucial. This work proposes a life prediction method based on principal component analysis (PCA) and bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRUs) to achieve accurate prediction. After obtaining pressure data throughout the entire life of PRSOV, considering that the pressure required for PRSOV during the takeoff and climb phases is the most critical, data from this phase are selected for focused monitoring. Classical statistical feature extraction methods are used to extract features from the raw pressure data during the takeoff and climb phases. An empirical feature extraction method with low-pressure weighting is also proposed based on engineering practical experience. Feature fusion is performed using PCA based on these two types of features. Finally, BiGRU is utilized to model the fused degradation feature indicators and estimate the remaining service life of PRSOV. The results of the analysis of the full life data of PRSOV in ARJ21 aircraft indicated that the proposed method can effectively predict its remaining service life. The proposed method demonstrated higher prediction accuracy compared with the related prediction methods.
An original feature retention deconvolution algorithm and its application to bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Cheng Lei , Yang Gang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traditional blind deconvolution algorithms perform well in estimating the repetition rate of impulses within signals; however, they fall short in preserving the original features of the signal. In engineering applications, particularly for cyclic impulse signals, maintaining signal fidelity is as crucial as accurately estimating impulse counts, making pure impulse count estimation insufficient for practical needs. To address this limitation, we propose a novel deconvolution algorithm—maximum correlation Pearson fidelity coefficient deconvolution (MCPSFD). This method constructs an objective function based on two key metrics: the correlation Pearson coefficient (CPC), which quantifies the periodicity of impulses, and the signal fidelity coefficient (SFC), which measures the similarity between the original and recovered signals. By combining CPC and SFC, we introduce a new objective function, termed the correlated Pearson fidelity factor (CPSF), which simultaneously considers both the number of impulses and the original characteristics of the filtered signal without introducing redundant parameters. The MCPSFD algorithm is derived by maximizing the CPSF function. Extensive experiments on simulated and measured bearing signals demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing deconvolution algorithms in recovering periodic impulses and minimizing signal distortion.
Improved performance in 0D/2D mixed dimensional homojunction MoS2 photodetectors by enhancing light absorption
Authors: Zhang Lin , Cheng Peiyu , Du Yongqiang , Wang Quan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) possesses excellent potential for applications in the field of optoelectronic detection. However, the atomic-level thickness of the monolayer MoS2 leads to weak light absorption and a restricted absorption spectrum. The performance of monolayer MoS2 devices has reached a bottleneck. Fortunately, the above issues can be effectively solved by coupling with various types of photosensitivity nanostructures. In this work, we integrated MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) with high efficient light absorption with monolayer MoS2 to fabricate 0D/2D MoS2 QDs/MoS2 hybrid dimensional homojunction photodetectors. In this structure, MoS2 is used as an efficient carrier transport channel, while MoS2 QDs act as effective light absorbers to enhance the local electric field around MoS2. The synergistic effect of MoS2 QDs and MoS2 is utilized to accelerate the migration rate of photogenerated carriers in the structure, and in particular, the highest responsivity of the MoS2 QDs/MoS2 hybrid device is 27.6 A W−1 with the detectivity as high as 2.13 × 1011 Jones under 532 nm laser, which is an order of magnitude higher than that of the pristine MoS2 devices. The synergistic effect of MoS2 QDs with monolayer MoS2 is verified by finite-difference time-domain simulation. The results will pave the way for the future development of high-performance MoS2-based photodetectors.
Electronic, magnetic, and topological properties of ferromagnetic 2D perovskite-type oxides
Authors: Arokiasamy Susaiammal , Macam Gennevieve M , P C Sreeparvathy , Villaos Rovi Angelo B , Huang Zhi-Quan , Hsu Chia-Hsiu , Okada Yoshinori , Lin Hsin , Chuang Feng-Chuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials within the hematene-type binary oxides and perovskites family have recently gathered huge research interest for nanoelectronic devices. However, the exploration of their fascinating topological properties remains limited. Herein, through first-principles calculations, we systematically examine the electronic, magnetic, and topological properties of substitutionally doped 2D ABO3 (A = As, Sb, or Bi, and B = V, Nb, or Ta) perovskite structures at the B site of a B2O3 system. Interestingly, the atomic substitution makes the 2D ABO3 structures dynamically stable. Our detailed calculations show the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic phases of these materials. The calculated Chern number (C) for the FM 2D ABO3 (A = As, Sb, or Bi, B = Nb or Ta) suggests their topologically non-trivial phases. Furthermore, the computed nontrivial Berry curvature highlights the topological properties in AsNbO3. These findings highlight opportunities in 2D-ABO3 materials, for applications in spintronics.
STIPS: The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Imaging Product Simulator
Authors:   STIPS Development Team, Gomez Sebastian , Bellini Andrea , Al-Kowsi Hanna , Desjardins Tyler , Geda Robel , Han Eunkyu , Otor O. Justin , Riedel Adric , Ryan Russell , Spitzer Isaac , York Brian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Space Telescope Imaging Product Simulator (STIPS) is a Python-based package that can be used to simulate scenes from the upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman). STIPS is able to generate post-pipeline astronomical images of any number of sensor chip assembly (SCA) detectors, up to the entire 18-SCA Wide-Field Instrument array on Roman. STIPS can inject either point spread functions generated with WebbPSF, or extended sources in any of the Roman filters. The output images can include flat field, dark current, and cosmic ray residuals. Additionally, STIPS includes an estimate of Poisson and readout noise, as well as an estimate of the zodiacal background and internal background from the telescope. However, STIPS does not include instrument saturation, nonlinearity, or distortion effects. STIPS is provided as an open source repository on GitHub ✎.
Combining machine learning algorithms with traditional methods for resolving the atomic-scale dynamic structure of monolayer MoS2 in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Meng 蒙 Yu 宇 , Wang 王 Shuya 淑雅 , Ren 任 Xibiao 锡标 , Xue 薛 Han 涵 , Yue 岳 Xuejun 学军 , Jin 金 Chuanhong 传洪 , Lin 林 Shanggang 上港 , Lin 林 Fang 芳 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) promises rapid atomic-scale dynamic structure imaging. Yet, the precision limitations of aberration parameters and the challenge of eliminating aberrations in Cs-corrected transmission electron microscopy constrain resolution. A machine learning algorithm is developed to determine the aberration parameters with higher precision from small, lattice-periodic crystal images. The proposed algorithm is then validated with simulated HRTEM images of graphene and applied to the experimental images of a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayer with 25 variables (14 aberrations) resolved in wide ranges. Using these measured parameters, the phases of the exit-wave functions are reconstructed for each image in a focal series of MoS2 monolayers. The images were acquired due to the unexpected movement of the specimen holder. Four-dimensional data extraction reveals time-varying atomic structures and ripple. In particular, the atomic evolution of the sulfur-vacancy point and line defects, as well as the edge structure near the amorphous, is visualized as the resolution has been improved from about 1.75 Å to 0.9 Å. This method can help salvage important transmission electron microscope images and is beneficial for the images obtained from electron microscopes with average stability.
EMC3-EIRENE simulations of edge plasma and impurity transport by toroidally localized argon seeding on CFETR X-divertor
Authors: Xie T. , Li H. , Zhang W. , Ding R. , Wang L. , Luo Y. , Wang D.Z. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) edge Monte Carlo transport code EMC3-EIRENE has been employed to study edge plasma and impurity transport with toroidally localized argon seeding using the Chinese fusion engineering testing reactor (CFETR) X-divertor configuration. The argon impurity seeded at different poloidal locations was investigated to evaluate the varied profile of the main plasma in the scrape-off layer (SOL) and on the divertor targets, which showed a strong dependence on the poloidal position of argon gas puffing. The argon impurity seeded in the upstream SOL regions can result in a toroidally asymmetric distribution of electron density and temperature, while a toroidally symmetric distribution was obtained for argon seeded in the strike point regions. The deposition pattern of electron density and temperature showed several lobe-like and island-like structures on the 3D divertor targets of CFETR with upstream argon injection, whereas a perturbed profile was achieved for argon seeding in the strike point regions. In order to verify the toroidal asymmetry of heat load distribution, the argon impurity seeded at different poloidal locations was investigated to estimate its influence on the toroidal heat load on divertor plates. The argon injected in the strike point regions gave rise to a toroidal asymmetry of heat load distribution on divertor targets, while a toroidal symmetry of heat load distribution was observed for argon injected in upstream SOL locations.