bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erasmus’ Paraphrases on the New Testament and the Presentation of Christ’s Teaching
Authors: Mack Peter 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Erasmus wrote his Paraphrases on the New Testament (1517–1524) at the climactic point of his literary career, just after his new edition of the New Testament, the humanistic edition of the Adagia and his edition of the works of St Jerome. This lecture asks why Erasmus gave so much time to paraphrase at such a key moment, what he hoped his paraphrase would give to early sixteenth-century Christians, and how his paraphrase clarifies, dramatizes and adds to the Biblical text. It analyses quotations from the paraphrases on Romans and the Gospel of Mark, relating to his historicization of the text, his criticism of the contemporary church, and his presentation of issues of law, grace and faith, the appropriate attitude to civic authority and Christian love. It compares Erasmus’ approach to teaching from the New Testament to his hero Rudolph Agricola’s Oration on Christ’s Nativity (1484) and to Philipp Melanchthon’s approach in the first version of his Loci communes (1521).
Negated tautologies and copular contradictions
Authors: Escandell-Vidal Victoria , Vilinbakhova Elena 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates utterances with the structure A is not A, showing that they can be fully informative and are felicitously used and understood in discourse. Relying on the notions of metalinguistic and metarepresentational negation, we argue that the class of utterances A is not A is heterogeneous and differs in regard to the lower-order representation under the scope of the negative operator. Specifically, we distinguish negated tautologies and copular contradictions. The understanding of negated tautologies involves identifying the corresponding affirmative deep tautology (Bulhof & Gimbel, 2001) and rejecting the assumptions derived from it. The interpretation of copular contradictions is based on distinguishing each of the occurrences of the repeated constituent as describing (a) one single referent with different properties; (b) two different referents satisfying the same description in different evaluation worlds; (c) two different referents, with different properties, which are accessed by means of the same linguistic expression.
Current issues in the ontology and form of directive speech acts
Authors: Ruytenbeek Nicolas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A general issue in pragmatics concerns the definitions of speech act (SA) types. Cognitive linguists agree that a directive SA involves a speaker exerting a force towards her addressee’s (A) performance of some action, and the subtypes of directives have been approached in terms of a metaphorical grounding based on force image-schemas. These idealized cognitive models include graded features, the values and the centrality of which differ across directive subtypes. I address the relationship between the form of utterances used as directives and the ontology of directives, and I discuss recent experiments supporting a view of SA s as graded categories. I show that these approaches enable adopting an empirically adequate distinction between the levels of pragmatic meaning and semantic meaning, which raises interesting possibilities for further experimental work on speech act recognition in cognitive linguistics.
Exclamatives, exclamations, miratives and speaker’s meaning
Authors: Unger Christoph 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Exclamations, exclamatives and miratives are utterances that do not merely convey some informative content, but are designed to express the emotional attitude of surprise. In this paper I argue that analysing what it means to express surprise must be based on three main ideas: (1) the idea that exclamatives are instances of metarepresentational use; (2) the idea that what is communicated in exclamatives and exclamations are what relevance theorists call impressions, rather than definite propositions, where impressions are communicated by slightly increasing the manifestness of a whole range of propositions; and (3) the idea that utterances may not only communicate by conveying Gricean meaning, but also by showing, i.e. by providing direct evidence for certain thoughts. Thus, what is communicated in exclamatives and exclamations is typically not reducible to Gricean speaker meanings. I outline the implications of my approach by comparing it to some recent semantic accounts.
Recognition and pathos
Authors: Mills Jon 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Throughout this essay I offer an adumbrated critique of recognition theory through a psychoanalytic sensibility. Contemporary recognition theory relies on an overly optimistic and intellectualized view of social relations that fails to adequately consider pathological processes inherent in human motivation, particularly those that are unconsciously mediated by collective prejudice and dysrecognition. In revisiting the Hegelian struggle for recognition, much of social reality today is mired in a collective pathos that prevents optimal mutual recognition among social collectives. Not all people are disposed, let alone capable, of recognizing the Other. We may have to contend that, in the end, recognition means tolerance of difference and not merely acceptance of one other, which could still bring about a pragmatic co-existence even if people cannot recognize each other as equals. This is largely due, I suggest, to the ontology of prejudice, attachment deficits, and the failure to adopt empathy toward alterity.
Économie-monde et civilisation russe selon Fernand Braudel. Un dialogue entre historiens français et soviétiques
Authors: Cœuré Sophie 
Published: March 2019

Résumé
Cet article se propose de questionner la lecture de l’espace russe par Fernand Braudel (1902-1985). Le rôle de Fernand Braudel dans l’invention des aires culturelles à la française et sa promotion des échanges Est-Ouest sont contextualisés par l’histoire du dialogue asymétrique et politisé entre historiens français et soviétiques. L’article montre que son analyse de l’économie-monde russe des 16e-18e siècles et de la civilisation russe a amené Braudel à proposer un décentrement original de l’analyse spatiale, loin du regard occidental traditionnellement porté de l’Ouest vers l’Est. Cette lecture a été en partie effacée par l’ombre portée du marxisme.
Die Vereinigung Ivangorods mit Narva unter städtebaulicher Betrachtung (1645-1649)
Authors: Herfurth Stefan 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im Mittelpunkt dieses Artikels stehen die städtebauliche Vereinigung Ivangorods mit Narva und die daraus resultierenden Ressentiments zwischen den deutschen Kaufleuten und der russischen Bevölkerung Ivangorods. Die zähe Umsiedlung wird dabei gegenläufig im Sinne des städtisch-merkantilen Wettbewerbs analysiert und in den Kontext der städtebaulichen Erweiterung eingebunden. Im Betrachtungzeitraum von 1617 bis 1657 werden auch die Diskussionen über eine urbane Integration der russischen Bevölkerung in Narva diskutiert.
World Literature, Indian Views, 1920s–1940s
Authors: Orsini Francesca 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
“For any given observer,” David Damrosch argued in What is World Literature?, “even a genuinely global perspective remains a perspective from somewhere, and global patterns of the circulation of world literature take shape in their local manifestations.” Within world-system approaches that fix centres, peripheries and semiperipheries, or with approaches that consider world literature only that which circulates transnationally or “globally,” the relativizing import of this important insight remains inert or gets forgotten. As Indian editors and writers in the early decades of the twentieth century undertook more translations of foreign works and discussed the relationship between India and the world, overlapping understandings of world literature emerged in the Indian literary field. This essay explores three different visions of world literature from the same region and period but in different languages – English, Hindi, and Urdu – highlighting their different impulses, contexts, approaches, and outcomes in order to refine our notion of location. And whereas much of the recent debate and activities around world literature has revolved around the curriculum or around publishers’ series and anthologies, in the Indian case exposure to and discussion of literature from other parts of the world took largely place in the pages of periodicals.
The Value of Accurate High-Resolution and Spatially Continuous Snow Information to Streamflow Forecasts
Authors: Li Dongyue , Lettenmaier Dennis P. , Margulis Steven A. , Andreadis Konstantinos 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Previous studies have shown limited success in improving streamflow forecasting for snow-dominated watersheds using physically based models, primarily due to the lack of reliable snow water equivalent (SWE) information. Here we use a hindcasting approach to evaluate the potential benefit that a high-resolution, spatiotemporally continuous, and accurate SWE reanalysis product would have on the seasonal streamflow forecast in the snow-dominated Sierra Nevada mountains of California if such an SWE product were available in real time. We tested the efficacy of a physically based ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) framework when initialized with the reanalysis SWE. We reinitialized the SWE over the Sierra Nevada at the time when the Sierra Nevada had domain-wide annual maximum SWE for each year in 1985–2015, and on 1 February of the driest years within the same period. The early season forecasts on 1 February provide valuable lead time for mitigating the impact of drought. In both experiments, initializing the ESP with the reanalysis SWE reduced the seasonal streamflow forecast errors; compared with existing operational statistical forecasts, the peak-annual SWE insertion and the 1 February SWE insertion reduced the overall root-mean-square error of the seasonal streamflow forecasts by 13% and 23%, respectively, over the 13 major rivers draining the Sierra Nevada. The benefits of the reanalysis SWE insertion are more pronounced in areas with greater snow accumulation, while the complex snow and runoff-generation processes in low-elevation areas impede the forecasting skill improvement through SWE reinitialization alone.
Adjunctive use of anti-inflammatory drugs for schizophrenia: A meta-analytic investigation of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cho Myeongju , Lee Tae Young , Kwak Yoo Bin , Yoon Youngwoo Brian , Kim Minah , Kwon Jun Soo 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Recent evidence suggests that adjuvant anti-inflammatory agents could improve the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. However, the effects of the adjuvant anti-inflammatory agents on cognitive function, general functioning and side effects have not yet been systematically investigated. The present meta-analysis aimed to explore the effects of anti-inflammatory agents in patients with schizophrenia comprehensively. Method: We performed a literature search in online databases, including PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind studies that investigated clinical outcomes including psychopathology, neurocognition, general functioning and extrapyramidal side effects were included. The examined anti-inflammatory agents included aspirin, celecoxib, omega-3 fatty acids, estrogen, selective estrogen receptor modulator, pregnenolone, N-acetylcysteine, minocycline, davunetide and erythropoietin. Results: Sixty-two double-blind randomized clinical trials studying 2914 patients with schizophrenia met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Significant overall effects were found for anti-inflammatory agents for reducing total, positive and negative symptom scores in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Cognitive improvements were significant with minocycline and pregnenolone augmentation therapy. General functioning was significantly enhanced by overall anti-inflammatory agents. There were no significant differences in side effects compared with placebo. Baseline total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score and illness duration were identified as moderating factors in the effects of anti-inflammatory augmentation on psychiatric symptom improvements. Conclusion: The comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety supported the use of anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy over the use of antipsychotics alone. However, future studies could focus on patients with homogeneous clinical profile to figure out more detailed effects of anti-inflammatory therapy.
‘A smile stands for health and a bed for illness’: Graphic cues in children’s drawings
Authors: Bonoti Fotini , Christidou Vasilia , Spyrou Georgia Maria 
Published: March 2019

Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether children use specific types of graphic cues (facial, postural, contextual) in their drawings of healthy and ill persons and whether these cues differ as a function of age. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: A public primary school in a medium-sized city in Greece. Method: A total of 200 children in the age group of 5, 7, 9 and 11 years were first asked to define the terms under investigation, and then to draw a healthy and an ill person, as well as a baseline drawing (of a person neither healthy nor ill). Human figure drawings of health and illness were compared with their baseline drawing in an attempt to detect possible alterations in the (1) face, (2) body and (3) overall context of the drawing. Results: From the age of 5 years onwards, children were able to use a combination of graphic cues to convey health and illness in their drawings. Moreover, children in all age groups more often (1) employed facial cues to depict illness and health, (2) used more postural and contextual cues to depict illness than health, (3) introduced a variety of contextual cues in their drawings (e.g. linguistic, nutritional, environmental, physical and medical) and (4) used more types of graphic cues as well as more categories of contextual cues to depict illness than health. Finally, it was found that the drawings of the 5-year-old children involved significantly fewer graphic cues than those of the 7- and 11-year-olds, and significantly less contextual cues than the drawings produced by the 9- and 11-year-olds. Conclusion: Study findings shed light on the way children perceive and represent graphically illness and health and these are discussed in relation to their implications for health education.
A prospective observational cohort study of concomitant versus sequential phlebectomy for tributary varicosities following axial mechanochemical ablation
Authors: Mohamed Abduraheem , Leung Clement , Hitchman Louise , Wallace Tom , Smith George , Carradice Daniel , Chetter Ian 
Published: March 2019

Introduction Endovenous mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) is an increasingly popular non-thermal non-tumescent technique used to treat axial reflux in patients with superficial venous incompetence. However, the optimal management of varicose tributaries following this technique is unknown and may impact on patient outcomes. This study compares MOCA with concomitant phlebectomy (MOCAP) versus ablation with sequential phlebectomy if required (MOCAS). Methods Patients with symptomatic Comprehensive Classification System for Chronic Venous Disorders (CEAP C2–C6) unilateral axial reflux were studied. Patient choice determined whether concomitant treatment of varicosities was carried out. The primary outcome was the Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ) at one year. Secondary outcomes included: Venous Clinical Severity Scores (VCSS), EuroQol 5-Domain quality of life scores, complications, procedure duration, procedural and post-operative pain scores and need for secondary procedures. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and then one week, six weeks, six months and one year post intervention. Results Fifty patients underwent MOCAP and 33 patients MOCAS. The two groups were comparable at baseline. MOCAP was associated with lower (better) AVVQ scores at six weeks (3.4 (0.5–6.0) vs. 6.1 (1.8–12.1); P = 0.009) and at six months (1.6 (0.0–4.5) vs. 3.34 (1.8–8.4); P = 0.009) but by one year the difference was no longer statistically significant (1.81 (0.0–4.5) vs. 3.81 (0.2–5.3); P = 0.099). MOCAP was associated with longer procedural duration (45 min (36–56) vs. 30 min (25–37); P < 0.001) and higher maximal periprocedural pain (31 (21–59) vs. 18 (7–25); P = 0.001). VCSS at all time points were lower in favour of MOCAP (0 (0–1) vs. 1 (0–3); P < 0.001). MOCAP was associated with fewer episodes of clinically significant thrombophlebitis (6 of 50 (12%) vs. 10 of 33 (30%); P = 0.039) and lower numbers of secondary procedures (2 (4%) vs. 6 (18%); P = 0.032). Conclusion Concomitant treatment of tributary varicosities following MOCA improves quality of life and clinical severity, while reducing rates of re-intervention and post-operative thrombophlebitis compared to sequential treatment. The penalty is a modest increase in procedural duration and discomfort. Further evidence from longer-term follow-up is needed.
Visualization of large vessel occlusion, clot extent, and collateral supply using volume perfusion flat detector computed tomography in acute stroke patients
Authors: Hoelter Philip , Goelitz Philipp , Lang Stefan , Luecking Hannes , Kalmuenzer Bernd , Struffert Tobias , Doerfler Arnd 
Published: March 2019

Background Flat detector computed tomography angiography (FDCTA) can be reconstructed from volume perfusion flat detector computed tomography (VP-FDCT). Thus, CTA equivalent stroke imaging might be feasible within the angio suite. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FDCTA in detecting large vessel occlusion (LVO) and collateral supply in acute stroke patients. Material and Methods Sixteen patients with LVO of the anterior circulation were analyzed retrospectively. Each patient underwent a multimodal CT stroke protocol, subsequent VP-FDCT, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for endovascular stroke therapy. Angiographic images reconstructed secondarily from VP-FDCT were evaluated with regard to visualization of LVO, Collateral Score (CS), Clot Burden Score (CBS), and image quality. Results Image quality of FDCTA was sufficient for diagnosis with a strong correlation between CTA and FDCTA (median score: CTA = 4 ± 0.447; FDCTA = 4 ± 0.5). Detection of LVO could be achieved with high sensitivity and specificity for FDCTA and CTA (97.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 96.0–99.9; 92.6%, 95% CI = 84.3–100.0 vs. 96.8%, 95% CI = 93.2–100.0; 86.3%, 95% CI = 88.2–95.2). CBS and CS assessment showed no significant difference between FDCTA and CTA for both readers (reader1CBS: P = 0.751, reader1CS: P = 0.718; reader2CBS: P = 0.164; reader2CS: P = 0.582) and an excellent interrater agreement (CTACBSICC = 0.984, FDCTACBSICC = 0.951; CTACSICC = 0.754, FDCTACSICC = 0.789). Conclusion FDCTA, reconstructed from VP-FDCT data, allows reliable detection of ICA or MCA M1 segment occlusion comparable to CTA and may provide information concerning the clot extent with sufficient image quality.
Initiating End-of-Life Care at the Emergency Department: An Observational Study
Authors: Chor Wei Ping Daniel , Wong Sarah Yun Ping , Ikbal Muhammad Fadhli bin Mohamad , Kuan Win Sen , Chua Mui Teng , Pal Rakhee Yash 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Terminally ill patients at their end-of-life (EOL) phase attending the emergency department (ED) may have complex and specialized care needs frequently overlooked by ED physicians. To tailor to the needs of this unique group, the ED in a tertiary hospital implemented an EOL pathway since 2014. The objective of our study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics, symptom burden and management of patients using a protocolized management care bundle. Methods: We conducted an observational study on the database of EOL patients over a 28-month period. Patients aged 21 years and above, who attended the ED and were managed according to these guidelines, were included. Clinical data were extracted from the hospital’s electronic medical records system. Results: Two hundred five patients were managed under the EOL pathway, with a slight male predominance (106/205, 51.7%) and a median age of 78 (interquartile range 69-87) years. The majority were chronically frail (42.0%) or diagnosed with cancer or other terminal illnesses (32.7%). The 3 most commonly experienced symptoms were drowsiness (66.3%), dyspnea (61.5%), and fever (29.7%). Through the protocolized management care bundle, 74.1% of patients with dyspnea and/or pain received opiates while 59.5% with copious secretions received hyoscine butylbromide for symptomatic relief. Conclusion: The institution of a protocolized care bundle is feasible and provides ED physicians with a guide in managing EOL patients. Though still suboptimal, considerable advances in EOL care at the ED have been achieved and may be further improved through continual education and enhancements in the care bundle.
Open-Loop Audiovisual Stimulation Induces Delta EEG Activity in Older Adults With Osteoarthritis Pain and Insomnia
Authors: Tang Hsin-Yi (Jean) , McCurry Susan M. , Riegel Barbara , Pike Kenneth C. , Vitiello Michael V. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: People with chronic insomnia tend to have cortical hyperarousal marked by excessive beta-/gamma-frequency brain activity during both wake and sleep. Currently, treatment options for managing hyperarousal are limited. Open-loop audiovisual stimulation (AVS) may be such a treatment. The purpose of this study was to provide a mechanistic foundation for future AVS research in sleep promotion by examining quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) responses to an AVS sleep-induction program. Method: Sixteen older adults with both chronic insomnia and osteoarthritis pain were randomly assigned to either active- or placebo-control AVS. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was collected during baseline (5 min, eyes closed/resting) and throughout 30 min of AVS. Results: Findings showed significantly elevated mean baseline gamma (35–45 Hz) power in both groups compared to an age- and gender-matched, noninsomnia normative database, supporting cortical hyperarousal. After 30 min of exposure to AVS, the active group showed significantly increased delta power compared to the placebo-control group, providing the first controlled evidence that active AVS induction increases delta QEEG activity in insomnia patients and that these changes are immediate. In the active group, brain locations that showed the most delta induction (Cz, Fp, O1, and O2) were associated with the sensory–thalamic pathway, consistent with the sensory stimulation provided by the active AVS program. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that delta induction, which can promote sleep, is achievable using a 30-min open-loop AVS program. The potential for AVS treatment of insomnia in the general population remains to be demonstrated in well-designed clinical trials.