bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction effect of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression on child behavioural problems
Authors: Choi Damee , Tsuchiya Kenji J. , Takei Nori 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have reported interaction effects of oxytocin receptor genotype (rs53576) and environmental factors on mental health in youth. However, the findings are mixed, especially regarding the type of allele (i.e., A vs. G), and it remains unanswered whether such an interaction presents at an early stage of development. Thus, using a unique longitudinal birth cohort sample in Japan (n = 568), we examined whether there was an effect of the interaction between the OXTR rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression, as an environmental risk, on behavioural problems in children. Child behavioural problems (internalising and externalising problems) were ascertained using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire when children were 6 years old. Maternal postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale when children were at 2 months and 10 months of age. The results revealed a significant effect in the interaction between OXTR rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression on externalising problems in children with AA genotype (β = 0.136, 95% CI 0.032 to 0.240), but not in those with GG/GA genotype. This indicates that an interaction of vulnerable genotypes (i.e., A allele of OXTR rs53576) with an environmental burden (i.e. maternal postpartum depression) may be one of the potential elements that predisposes the infant to developing behavioural problems early in life. Hence, special attention needs to be paid to children exposed to environmental risks such as maternal postpartum depression, to facilitate the provision of appropriate care.
Review of the Long-term Effects of Autologous Bone-Marrow Mononuclear Cell Implantation on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Kajikawa Masato , Matsui Shogo , Hashimoto Haruki , Kishimoto Shinji , Maruhashi Tatsuya , Chowdhury Moniruddin , Noma Kensuke , Nakashima Ayumu , Kihara Yasuki , Sueda Taijiro , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCritical limb ischemia (CLI) is associated with a high risk of limb amputation. It has been shown that cell therapy is safe and has beneficial effects on ischemic clinical symptoms in patients with CLI. The aim of this study was to further investigate the outcomes of intramuscular injection of autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) in a long-term follow-up period in atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients who have no optional therapy. This study was a retrospective and observational study that was carried out to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes in 42 lower limbs of 30 patients with atherosclerotic PAD who underwent BM-MNC implantation. The median follow-up period was 9.25 (range, 6–16) years. The overall amputation-free rates were 73.0% at 5 years after BM-MNC implantation and 70.4% at 10 years in patients with atherosclerotic PAD. The overall amputation-free rates at 5 years and at 10 years after implantation of BM-MNCs were significantly higher in atherosclerotic PAD patients than in internal controls and historical controls. There were no significant differences in amputation rates between the internal control group and historical control group. The rate of overall survival was not significantly different between the BM-MNC implantation group and the historical control group. Implantation of autologous BM-MNCs is feasible for a long-term follow-up period in patients with CLI who have no optional therapy.
Quantifying the social symptoms of autism using motion capture
Authors: Budman Ian , Meiri Gal , Ilan Michal , Faroy Michal , Langer Allison , Reboh Doron , Michaelovski Analya , Flusser Hagit , Menashe Idan , Donchin Opher , Dinstein Ilan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a remarkably heterogeneous condition where individuals exhibit a variety of symptoms at different levels of severity. Quantifying the severity of specific symptoms is difficult, because it either requires long assessments or observations of the ASD individual, or reliance on care-giver questionnaires, which can be subjective. Here we present a new technique for objectively quantifying the severity of several core social ASD symptoms using a motion capture system installed in a clinical exam room. We present several measures of child-clinician interaction, which include the distance between them, the proportion of time that the child approached or avoided the clinician, and the direction that the child faced in relation to the clinician. Together, these measures explained ~30% of the variance in ADOS scores, when using only ~5 minute segments of “free play” from the recorded ADOS assessments. These results demonstrate the utility of motion capture for aiding researchers and clinicians in the assessment of ASD social symptoms. Further development of this technology and appropriate motion capture measures for use in kindergartens and at home is likely to yield valuable information that will aid in quantifying the initial severity of core ASD symptoms and their change over time.
The cytoskeletal crosslinking protein MACF1 is dispensable for thrombus formation and hemostasis
Authors: Schurr Yvonne , Spindler Markus , Kurz Hendrikje , Bender Markus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCoordinated reorganization of cytoskeletal structures is critical for key aspects of platelet physiology. While several studies have addressed the role of microtubules and filamentous actin in platelet production and function, the significance of their crosstalk in these processes has been poorly investigated. The microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1; synonym: Actin cross-linking factor 7, ACF7) is a member of the spectraplakin family, and one of the few proteins expressed in platelets, which possess actin and microtubule binding domains thereby facilitating actin-microtubule interaction and regulation. We used megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific Macf1 knockout (Macf1fl/fl, Pf4-Cre) mice to study the role of MACF1 in platelet production and function. MACF1 deficient mice displayed comparable platelet counts to control mice. Analysis of the platelet cytoskeletal ultrastructure revealed a normal marginal band and actin network. Platelet spreading on fibrinogen was slightly delayed but platelet activation and clot traction was unaffected. Ex vivo thrombus formation and mouse tail bleeding responses were similar between control and mutant mice. These results suggest that MACF1 is dispensable for thrombopoiesis, platelet activation, thrombus formation and the hemostatic function in mice.
Angiotensin II-mediated MYH9 downregulation causes structural and functional podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Kang Jeong Suk , Lee Seung Joo , Lee Ji-Hye , Kim Ji-Hee , Son Seung Seob , Cha Seung-Kuy , Lee Eun Soo , Chung Choon Hee , Lee Eun Young 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMYH9, a widely expressed gene encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain, is also expressed in podocytes and is associated with glomerular pathophysiology. However, the mechanisms underlying MYH9-related glomerular diseases associated with proteinuria are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of MYH9 in diabetic kidney injury. MYH9 expression was decreased in glomeruli from diabetic patients and animals and in podocytes treated with Ang II in vitro. Ang II treatment and siRNA-mediated MYH9 knockdown in podocytes resulted in actin cytoskeleton reorganization, reduced cell adhesion, actin-associated protein downregulation, and increased albumin permeability. Ang II treatment increased NOX4 expression and ROS generation. The Ang II receptor blocker losartan and the ROS scavenger NAC restored MYH9 expression in Ang II-treated podocytes, attenuated disrupted actin cytoskeleton and decreased albumin permeability. Furthermore, MYH9 overexpression in podocytes restored the effects of Ang II on the actin cytoskeleton and actin-associated proteins. Ang II-mediated TRPC6 activation reduced MYH9 expression. These results suggest that Ang II-mediated MYH9 depletion in diabetic nephropathy may increase filtration barrier permeability by inducing structural and functional podocyte injury through TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx by NOX4-mediated ROS generation. These findings reveal a novel MYH9 function in maintaining urinary filtration barrier integrity. MYH9 may be a potential target for treating diabetic nephropathy.
American Civil War plant medicines inhibit growth, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing by multidrug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Dettweiler Micah , Lyles James T. , Nelson Kate , Dale Brandon , Reddinger Ryan M. , Zurawski Daniel V. , Quave Cassandra L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA shortage of conventional medicine during the American Civil War (1861–1865) spurred Confederate physicians to use preparations of native plants as medicines. In 1863, botanist Francis Porcher compiled a book of medicinal plants native to the southern United States, including plants used in Native American traditional medicine. In this study, we consulted Porcher’s book and collected samples from three species that were indicated for the formulation of antiseptics: Liriodendron tulipifera, Aralia spinosa, and Quercus alba. Extracts of these species were tested for the ability to inhibit growth in three species of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria associated with wound infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Extracts were also tested for biofilm and quorum sensing inhibition against S. aureus. Q. alba extracts inhibited growth in all three species of bacteria (IC50 64, 32, and 32 µg/mL, respectively), and inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 1 µg/mL) in S. aureus. L. tulipifera extracts inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 32 µg/mL) in S. aureus. A. spinosa extracts inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 2 µg/mL) and quorum sensing (IC50 8 µg/mL) in S. aureus. These results support that this selection of plants exhibited some antiseptic properties in the prevention and management of wound infections during the conflict.
Pragmatic considerations for fostering reproducible research in artificial intelligence
Authors: Carter Rickey E. , Attia Zachi I. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Friedman Paul A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractArtificial intelligence and deep learning methods hold great promise in the medical sciences in areas such as enhanced tumor identification from radiographic images, and natural language processing to extract complex information from electronic health records. Scientific review of AI algorithms has involved reproducibility, in which investigators share protocols, raw data, and programming codes. Within the realm of medicine, reproducibility introduces important challenges, including risk to patient privacy, challenges in reproducing results, and questions regarding ownership and financial value of large medical datasets. Scientific review, however, mandates some form of resolution of these inherent conflicts. We propose several approaches to permit scientific review while maintaining patient privacy and data confidentiality.
The ubiquitin ligase PHR promotes directional regrowth of spinal zebrafish axons
Authors: Bremer Juliane , Marsden Kurt C. , Miller Adam , Granato Michael 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo reconnect with their synaptic targets, severed axons need to regrow robustly and directionally along the pre-lesional trajectory. While mechanisms directing axonal regrowth are poorly understood, several proteins direct developmental axon outgrowth, including the ubiquitin ligase PHR (Mycbp2). Invertebrate PHR also limits regrowth of injured axons, whereas its role in vertebrate axonal regrowth remains elusive. Here we took advantage of the high regrowth capacity of spinal zebrafish axons and observed robust and directional regrowth following laser transection of spinal Mauthner axons. We found that PHR directs regrowing axons along the pre-lesional trajectory and across the transection site. At the transection site, initial regrowth of wild-type axons was multidirectional. Over time, misdirected sprouts were corrected in a PHR-dependent manner. Ablation of cyfip2, known to promote F-actin-polymerization and pharmacological inhibition of JNK reduced misdirected regrowth of PHR-deficient axons, suggesting that PHR controls directional Mauthner axonal regrowth through cyfip2- and JNK-dependent pathways.
A controlled synthesis method of alkyl methacrylate block copolymers via living anionic polymerization at ambient temperature
Authors: Li Zheng , Chen Jianding , Zou Guijin , Zhang Tongyuan , Wei Dafu , Xu Xiang , Guan Yong , Zheng Anna 
Published: May 2019

A series of well-defined diblock copolymers containing PMMA, PEMA and PBMA blocks were synthesized with narrow MWDs and high yields via anionic polymerization, while t-BuOK was selected as initiator in THF at 0 °C. .
Analytical modelling and power density optimisation of a single phase dual active bridge for aircraft application
Authors: Fritz Niklas , Rashed Mohamed , Bozhko Serhiy , Cuomo Fabrizio , Wheeler Pat 
Published: May 2019

A design procedure for the dual active bridge (DAB) converter is presented, which aims to optimised power density and computational effort. When designing a DAB, the selection of circuit design parameters such as switching frequency, leakage inductance and semiconductor technologies is a complex question when targeting losses and weight minimisation of the final design. In this study, analytical models of the operating waveforms, the losses and the weight of all DAB components are developed. The proposed design algorithm is used for designing a 3 kW high‐frequency DAB for an aircraft DC power system.
Design, construction, and testing of an aero‐engine starter‐generator for the more‐electric aircraft
Authors: Balachandran Ajith , Boden Mark , Sun Zhigang , Forrest Stephen J. , Ede Jason D. , Jewell Geraint. W. 
Published: May 2019

This study describes the design, construction, and testing of an aero‐engine starter‐generator and its associated power electronic converter. A high‐speed, permanent magnet machine and a dual‐channel machine‐facing converter with an electrical power offtake rating of 95 kW have been developed for a small civil turbofan application. The study also describes the more‐electric architecture into which the machine and converter are integrated and reviews the multi‐faceted performance specification, which is a common feature of machines of this type.
Die praktische Ausbildung des medizinischen Nachwuchses –
Identifizierung von Lehrpraxen-Charakteristika in der
Allgemeinmedizin
Authors: Grunewald Dorit , Pilic Larisa , Bödecker August-Wilhelm , Robertz Jörg , Althaus Astrid 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine flächendeckende hausärztliche Versorgung
wird durch die soziodemografische Entwicklung der Bevölkerung sowie
durch Nachwuchsprobleme in der Allgemeinmedizin gefährdet. Positive
Erfahrungen Medizinstudierender während absolvierter Praktika in den
akademischen Lehrpraxen wecken das Interesse am Beruf des allgemeinmedizinischen
Hausarztes. Bislang gab es jedoch keine hinlänglichen Untersuchungen,
welche Lehrpraxen-Charakteristika von Bedeutung sein können, um
Medizinstudierende für den Beruf als Hausarzt zu begeistern.
Methoden Es wurden vier Fokusgruppen mit insgesamt 22 Studierenden
durchgeführt. Die Gruppendiskussionen wurden aufgezeichnet,
anschließend transkribiert und danach mittels qualitativer
Inhaltsanalyse softwareunterstützt ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Variablen, die die wahrgenommene Attraktivität des
Berufs des Hausarztes steigerten waren Anleitung und Betreuung durch den
Lehrpraxen-Inhaber sowie dessen Feedback-Verhalten, eine offene und respektvolle
Haltung des Lehrarztes gegenüber den Studierenden, die
Möglichkeit zum selbstständigen Arbeiten, das breite
Krankheitsspektrum und der abwechslungsreiche Arbeitsalltag, langjährige
Arzt-Patienten-Beziehungen sowie eine ausgewogene Work-Life Balance. Variablen,
die die wahrgenommene Attraktivität des Berufs Hausarztes reduzierten
waren das wirtschaftliche Risiko der Praxisgründung und
Selbstständigkeit, das Überweisen von Patienten zu Spezialisten
bei „interessanten Befunden“ sowie eine nicht ausgewogene
Work-Life Balance.
Schlussfolgerung Die praktische Ausbildung Medizinstudierender in
Lehrpraxen hat das Potenzial, die Attraktivität des Berufes Hausarzt zu
steigern und damit die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Studierende sich später
für den Tätigkeitsbereich „Hausarzt“
entscheiden. Dazu bedarf es motivierter Lehrpraxen-Inhaber, die Studierenden
einen positiven Einblick in den Praxisalltag vermitteln.
Septic Shock and Death after Microwave Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Liver Transplant Patient with a Bilioenteric Anastomosis
Authors: Melikian Raymond , Minocha Jeet 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPercutaneous thermal ablation of hepatic tumors continues to play an integral role in the treatment of early-stage primary or secondary hepatic malignancies. Interventional radiologists must be familiar with potential complications of this procedure, associated risk factors, and methods for prevention. The authors report a devastating case of septic shock and death following percutaneous microwave ablation of a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma in a liver transplant patient with a bilioenteric anastomosis (BEA). We review the literature regarding prophylactic antibiotic regimens and bowel preparation prior to performing thermal ablation in patients with BEAs.
Supporting mathematics vocabulary instruction through mathematics curricula
Authors: Barnes Erica M. , Stephens S. Joy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study examines four of the most commonly‐used core mathematics curricula in the USA for evidence of support for research‐based instructional strategies for mathematics vocabulary in first and second grade. Content analyses of the teachers’ editions of two units for each grade level were analyzed per curriculum (n = 16). Statistically significant differences among curricula were found for number of target words (range 6–51 per unit), level of difficulty of terms (basic to technical), and number of support strategies per word. Multiple means of representation varied in terms of verbal and non‐verbal strategies for target terms. These differences indicate children are experiencing substantially different mathematics vocabulary learning opportunities, which may impact later mathematics achievement. Implications for practice, curriculum development, and future research are addressed.
Topology Optimization Design of Compliant Mechanism of Composite Wing Leading Edge
Authors: Zhao Lijie , Li Kai , Chang Yingying , Li Jingkui 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces a topology optimization design method for flexible mechanism of composite wing leading edge based on discrete material optimization (DMO) with composite material. The DMO method is combined with the topology optimization to select the deviation of the actual displacement and the target displacement of the 10 coordinate points on the initial curve of the leading edge as the objective function, and the volume fraction of each phase material is used as the constraint to establish the composite material optimization model, which is solved by the OC optimization criterion method. The MATLAB codes are compiled to calculate the optimization problem and a distinct result image is obtained. The CATIA software is used to model the topology image in three dimensions, and the model is imported into Hyperworks software for simulation analysis. The results show that this complaint mechanism can achieve a maximum deflection of 9.1 degrees, which verifies the feasibility of the method.
Aircraft Surface Trajectory Prediction Method Based on LSTM with Attenuated Memory Window
Authors: Ma Zhiming , Yao Mengfei , Hong Tao , Li Bo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
With the rapid development of the global air transport industry, airport surface traffic is increasingly busy. The safety hazards of taxiing conflict still exist during the airport operation for the initially planned taxiing path about aircraft, which directly affects the operational safety and efficiency of the airport surface. Using the correlation and dependence between the position sequences of aircraft glide motion, a method based on Long Short Term Memory networks (LSTM) is used. Combining the change of the motion state of the surface aircraft, the attenuation memory window is introduced to improve the hidden layer structure to further enhance the prediction accuracy in the LSTM model, and it is compared and verified under different parameters. The method realizes the target of surface position prediction for the aircraft in future period, lays the foundation for aircraft surface taxiing conflict detecting, and avoids taxiing conflict.
Analysis on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Continuous Whole Variable Camber Airfoil
Authors: Zhao Anmin , Hui Zou , Jin Haichuan , Wen Dongsheng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper, based on the genetic algorithm, a 4-section optimization airfoil structure is designed, which can change entire camber of the airfoil. For this new type of integral changeable camber airfoil, its first structure cam be deflected downward by 30 degrees, the second section is fixed, the third stage be capable of deflect downward by 30 degrees, and the fourth section be able to bend up and down by 30 degrees. In addition, the computational fluid dynamics method is adopted to numerically simulate the aerodynamic performance of variable camber airfoils. The numerical results observe that the used of varying camber airfoil has better been stalling characteristics and larger lift coefficient comparison with the Clark Y airfoil and NACA114 airfoil.
Numerical Experiment of Flow Around a Compound Airfoil
Authors: Yokoi Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A numerical simulation around a compound airfoil was performed using the vortex method. The compound airfoil consists of a front airfoil, a fixed wing, and a rear airfoil, and it assumes the rudder of a submarine. As for the shape of the front airfoil and the rear airfoil, NACA0012 was used. Reynolds number was Re = 3.8×105. In the numerical simulation, the angle of attack of a front airfoil and a rear airfoil was changed, and the magnitude of the gap between these movable airfoils and the fixed wing was changed. The time history of the fluid force of acting on an airfoil, and the flow pattern were investigated. The total lift was greatly produced, when the front airfoil and rear airfoil attached the same attack angle as the same direction. It was found that the total lift with the large one where the gap between these movable airfoils and the fixed wing is larger can be obtained. It was found that the rear airfoil governs the flow of the compound airfoil.
Nonlinear Aeroelastic Modeling of a Folding Wing Structure
Authors: Li Peicheng , Ni Yingge , Hou Chi , Wan Xiaopeng , Zhao Meiying 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The nonlinear aeroelastic response of a folding wing with the hinge free-play nonlinearity is investigated. A nonlinear structural dynamic model is established based on the modal synthesis of free-substructures by modification of the connected relationships, and is unnecessary to re-establish it if the stiffness changes. The nonlinear aeroelastic equation is obtained by rational function approximation of the unsteady aerodynamic force, and solved by Runge-Kutta method to predict the aeroelastic response of the folding wing. The results show that the free-play at hinges changes the aeroelastic characteristic of the folding wing, leading to the occurrence of the limit cycle oscillation within a certain velocity range. Moreover, the sensitivity to the free-play is different for the inboard and outboard hinges. If the free-play is controlled within a certain value, the motion of nonlinear aeroelastic system of the folding wing can be considered linear approximately.