bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline Variation and Breast Cancer Incidence: A Gene-Based Association Study and Whole-Genome Prediction of Early-Onset Breast Cancer
Authors: Scannell Bryan Molly , Argos Maria , Andrulis Irene L. , Hopper John L. , Chang-Claude Jenny , Malone Kathleen E. , John Esther M. , Gammon Marilie D. , Daly Mary B. , Terry Mary Beth , Buys Saundra S. , Huo Dezheng , Olopade Olofunmilayo I. , Genkinger Jeanine M. , Whittemore Alice S. , Jasmine Farzana , Kibriya Muhammad G. , Chen Lin S. , Ahsan Habibul 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Although germline genetics influences breast cancer incidence, published research only explains approximately half of the expected association. Moreover, the accuracy of prediction models remains low. For women who develop breast cancer early, the genetic architecture is less established.
Methods: To identify loci associated with early-onset breast cancer, gene-based tests were carried out using exome array data from 3,479 women with breast cancer diagnosed before age 50 and 973 age-matched controls. Replication was undertaken in a population that developed breast cancer at all ages of onset.
Results: Three gene regions were associated with breast cancer incidence: FGFR2 (P = 1.23 × 10−5; replication P &lt; 1.00 × 10−6), NEK10 (P = 3.57 × 10−4; replication P &lt; 1.00 × 10−6), and SIVA1 (P = 5.49 × 10−4; replication P &lt; 1.00 × 10−6). Of the 151 gene regions reported in previous literature, 19 (12.5%) showed evidence of association (P &lt; 0.05) with the risk of early-onset breast cancer in the early-onset population. To predict incidence, whole-genome prediction was implemented on a subset of 3,076 participants who were additionally genotyped on a genome wide array. The whole-genome prediction outperformed a polygenic risk score [AUC, 0.636; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.614–0.659 compared with 0.601; 95% CI, 0.578–0.623], and when combined with known epidemiologic risk factors, the AUC rose to 0.662 (95% CI, 0.640–0.684).
Conclusions: This research supports a role for variation within FGFR2 and NEK10 in breast cancer incidence, and suggests SIVA1 as a novel risk locus.
Impact: This analysis supports a shared genetic etiology between women with early- and late-onset breast cancer, and suggests whole-genome data can improve risk assessment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(9); 1057–64. ©2018 AACR.
As alteridades em Cetshwayo: um estudo sobre representações em disputa
Authors: Oliveira Isabel Filier de 
Published: June 2018

Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar a formação de um discurso de alteridade sobre o monarca zulu Cetshwayo kaMpande, contido na obra Cetshwayo’s Dutchman, de 1880, escrita pelo comerciante holandês Cornelius Vijn e pelo bispo anglicano, John William Colenso. Pautado nos aportes teóricos de François Hartog e Tzvetan Todorov sobre a retórica da alteridade, assim como no trabalho de Roger Chartier sobre representações, a análise é realizada a partir de três temáticas principais, nomeadamente a questão fronteiriça, a relação entre Cetshwayo e seus súditos e a questão missionária. É objetivo do artigo explicitar a relação da obra com a Guerra Anglo-Zulu de 1879, verificando como o relato busca responder às críticas feitas ao monarca zulu, pelo oficial inglês Sir Bartle Frere. Também é foco do artigo comentar a fonte à luz da bibliografia sobre relatos de viagem, em especial a discussão sobre o caráter dos relatos de autoria feminina e masculina, e quanto ao trabalho de Mary Louise Pratt sobre o olhar imperial.
Wood preservation with gold hydroxyapatite system
Authors: Ion Rodica-Mariana , Nyokong Tebello , Nwahara Nnamdi , Suica-Bunghez Ioana-Raluca , Iancu Lorena , Teodorescu Sofia , Dulama Ioana Daniela , Stirbescu Raluca Maria , Gheboianu Anca , Grigorescu Ramona Marina 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Over centuries, the external factors such as fire, low temperature, light or microbiological agents, act on the wood and induce some degradation processes, sometimes irreversible, identified by discoloration, fragility and unsightly appearance. Although there are numerous literature reports about different nanomaterials used for preservation and restoration of wood surfaces (calcium hydroxides, magnesium hydroxides, hydroxyapatite, or even organic resins as Paraloid B72), in this paper it is proposed a new system—gold hydroxyapatite (AuHAp), tested on the hazelnut wood samples (young and aged specimens), as a new solution for preservation of some wooden artifacts. This paper addresses a broad range of analytical methods: X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, chromatic parameters and hardness test. Also, humidity sorption/desorption measurements are used for humidity sorption and desorption evaluation. The adsorption and desorption tests determined the hydroscopic sorption properties of the wood specimens by measuring the mass of the specimens in equilibrium with air at a specific temperature and RH. All the results concluded that after the application of the new system on the hazelnut wood surface, a well distributed and uniform layer consisting from AuHAp systems with a network aspect are observed, which covers the wood vessels and fibers, filling the voids and stopping the wood weathering process, more accentuated at aged wood than at the young species.
Boron neutron capture therapy for vulvar melanoma and genital extramammary Paget's disease with curative responses
Authors: Hiratsuka Junichi , Kamitani Nobuhiko , Tanaka Ryo , Yoden Eisaku , Tokiya Ryuji , Suzuki Minoru , Barth Rolf F. , Ono Koji 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the most commonly recommended treatment for melanoma and extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) of the genital region is wide surgical excision of the lesion, the procedure is highly invasive and can lead to functional and sexual problems. Alternative treatments have been used for local control when wide local excision was not feasible. Here, we describe four patients with genital malignancies who were treated with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).MethodsThe four patients included one patient with vulvar melanoma (VM) and three with genital EMPD. They underwent BNCT at the Kyoto University Research Reactor between 2005 and 2014 using para‐boronophenylalanine as the boron delivery agent. They were irradiated with an epithermal neutron beam between the curative tumor dose and the tolerable skin/mucosal doses.ResultsAll patients showed similar tumor and normal tissue responses following BNCT and achieved complete responses within 6 months. The most severe normal tissue response was moderate skin erosion during the first 2 months, which diminished gradually thereafter. Dysuria or contact pain persisted for 2 months and resolved completely by 4 months.ConclusionsTreating VM and EMPD with BNCT resulted in complete local tumor control. Based on our clinical experience, we conclude that BNCT is a promising treatment for primary VM and EMPD of the genital region.Trial registration numbers UMIN000005124
Effect of precipitation on soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved forest
Authors: Jeong Seok-Hee , Eom Ji-Young , Park Joo-Yeon , Chun Jung-Hwa , Lee Jae-Seok 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background
For understanding and evaluating a more realistic and accurate assessment of ecosystem carbon balance related with environmental change or difference, it is necessary to analyze the various interrelationships between soil respiration and environmental factors. However, the soil temperature is mainly used for gap filling and estimation of soil respiration (Rs) under environmental change. Under the fact that changes in precipitation patterns due to climate change are expected, the effects of soil moisture content (SMC) on soil respiration have not been well studied relative to soil temperature. In this study, we attempt to analyze relationship between precipitation and soil respiration in temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest for 2 years in Gwangneung.

Results
The average soil temperature (Ts) measured at a depth of 5 cm during the full study period was 12.0 °C. The minimum value for monthly Ts was − 0.4 °C in February 2015 and 2.0 °C in January 2016. The maximum monthly Ts was 23.6 °C in August in both years. In 2015, annual precipitation was 823.4 mm and it was 1003.8 mm in 2016. The amount of precipitation increased by 21.9% in 2016 compared to 2015, but in 2015, it rained for 8 days more than in 2016. In 2015, the pattern of low precipitation was continuously shown, and there was a long dry period as well as a period of concentrated precipitation in 2016. 473.7 mm of precipitation, which accounted for about 51.8% of the precipitation during study period, was concentrated during summer (June to August) in 2016. The maximum values of daily Rs in both years were observed on the day when precipitation of 20 mm or more. From this, the maximum Rs value in 2015 was 784.3 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 in July when 26.8 mm of daily precipitation was measured. The maximum was 913.6 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 in August in 2016, when 23.8 mm of daily precipitation was measured. Rs on a rainy day was 1.5~1.6 times higher than it without precipitation. Consequently, the annual Rs in 2016 was about 12% higher than it was in 2015. It was shown a result of a 14% increase in summer precipitation from 2015.

Conclusions
In this study, it was concluded that the precipitation pattern has a great effect on soil respiration. We confirmed that short-term but intense precipitation suppressed soil respiration due to a rapid increase in soil moisture, while sustained and adequate precipitation activated Rs. In especially, it is very important role on Rs in potential activating period such as summer high temperature season. Therefore, the accuracy of the calculated values by functional equation can be improved by considering the precipitation in addition to the soil temperature applied as the main factor for long-term prediction of soil respiration. In addition to this, we believe that the accuracy can be further improved by introducing an estimation equation based on seasonal temperature and soil moisture.
Over the counter: The potential for easing pharmacy provision of family planning in Senegal
Authors: Peterson Jill , Brunie Aurelie , Diop Ibrahima , Diop Seynabou , Stanback John , Chin-Quee Dawn 
Published: June 2018

Background: This research assessed the potential for expanding access to family planning through pharmacies in Senegal, by examining the quality of the services provided through pharmacies, and pharmacy staff and client interest in pharmacy-based family planning services. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in eight urban districts in and around Dakar employing an audit of 250 pharmacies, a survey with 486 pharmacy staff and a survey with 3,569 women exiting pharmacies. Results: Most (54%) pharmacies reported offering method-specific counseling to clients. Family planning commodities were available in all pharmacies, and 72% had a private space available to offer counseling. Three quarters (76%) did not have any counseling materials available. 49% of pharmacists and 47% of assistant pharmacists reported receiving training on family planning during their professional studies. Half had received counseling training. Few pharmacists met pre-determined criteria to be considered highly knowledgeable of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and injectable contraceptive provision (0.6% and 1.1%). Overall, 60% of women surveyed were current family planning users; of these, 11% procured their method through the pharmacy. Among non-users of family planning, and current users who did not obtain their method through a pharmacy, 47% said they would be interested in procuring a method through a pharmacy. Conclusions: Senegal’s urban pharmacies are well-positioned to meet the country’s increasing desire for modern contraception. With proper training, pharmacy staff could better provide effective counseling and provision of OCPs and injectables, and lifting the requirement for a prescription could help support gains in contraceptive prevalence.
The neural determinants of age-related changes in fluid intelligence: a pre-registered, longitudinal analysis in UK Biobank
Authors: Kievit Rogier A. , Fuhrmann Delia , Borgeest Gesa Sophia , Simpson-Kent Ivan L. , Henson Richard N. A. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Fluid intelligence declines with advancing age, starting in early adulthood. Within-subject declines in fluid intelligence are highly correlated with contemporaneous declines in the ability to live and function independently. To support healthy aging, the mechanisms underlying these declines need to be better understood. Methods: In this pre-registered analysis, we applied latent growth curve modelling to investigate the neural determinants of longitudinal changes in fluid intelligence across three time points in 185,317 individuals (N=9,719 two waves, N=870 three waves) from the UK Biobank (age range: 39-73 years). Results: We found a weak but significant effect of cross-sectional age on the mean fluid intelligence score, such that older individuals scored slightly lower. However, the mean longitudinal slope was positive, rather than negative, suggesting improvement across testing occasions. Despite the considerable sample size, the slope variance was non-significant, suggesting no reliable individual differences in change over time. This null-result is likely due to the nature of the cognitive test used. In a subset of individuals, we found that white matter microstructure (N=8839, as indexed by fractional anisotropy) and grey-matter volume (N=9931) in pre-defined regions-of-interest accounted for complementary and unique variance in mean fluid intelligence scores. The strongest effects were such that higher grey matter volume in the frontal pole and greater white matter microstructure in the posterior thalamic radiations were associated with higher fluid intelligence scores. Conclusions: In a large preregistered analysis, we demonstrate a weak but significant negative association between age and fluid intelligence. However, we did not observe plausible longitudinal patterns, instead observing a weak increase across testing occasions, and no significant individual differences in rates of change, likely due to the suboptimal task design. Finally, we find support for our preregistered expectation that white- and grey matter make separate contributions to individual differences in fluid intelligence beyond age.
Ground state solutions for the Hénon prescribed mean curvature equation
Authors: Azzollini Antonio 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the analogous of the Hénon equation for the prescribed mean curvature problem in

{{\mathbb{R}^{N}}}

, both in the Euclidean and in the Minkowski spaces. Motivated by the studies of Ni and Serrin [W. M. Ni and J. Serrin,
Existence and non-existence theorems for ground states for quasilinear partial differential equations,
Att. Convegni Lincei 77 1985, 231–257], we have been interested in finding the relations between the growth of the potential and that of the local nonlinearity in order to prove the nonexistence of a radial ground state. We also present a partial result on the existence of a ground state solution in the Minkowski space.
New Light on Peripheral Akkadian from Qaṭna: Texts between Language and Writing System
Authors: Baranowski Krzysztof J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe linguistic status of Peripheral Akkadian is a complex question. The texts from Qaṭna help to elucidate it. The texts, which underlie these documents, were uttered in Hurrian, while Sumerian, Akkadian and Hurrian constituted complementary writing platforms to record it. Seen in this light, the question of defining the language of these texts is malapropos. Instead, it is necessary to differentiate the status of individual languages. Such an inquiry is historically feasible by adopting second language acquisition as a theoretical framework.
A note on the Borel types of some small sets
Authors: Kharazishvili Alexander 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Borel types of some classical small subsets of the real line are considered.
In particular, under Martin’s axiom it is shown that there are at least

𝐜
+

{{\mathbf{c}}^{+}}

pairwise
incomparable Borel types of generalized Luzin sets (resp. of generalized Sierpiński sets),
where

𝐜

{{\mathbf{c}}}

stands for the cardinality of the continuum.
Shaq is Not Alone: Free-Throws in the Final Moments of a Basketball Game
Authors: Gómez Miguel-Ángel , Avugos Simcha , Oñoro Miguel-Ángel , Lorenzo Alberto , Bar-Eli Michael 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIt has been previously observed that basketball free-throw (FT) shooting efficiency decreases towards the end of the game. The aim of the current study was to explore possible determinants for this distinctive pattern during close games (point differential of equal or under 2 points during the final minute of the game). A sample of shots attempted by 92 players in the Spanish professional basketball league (ACB) was collected. Several personal (age, experience, playing position and career FT percentage) and contextual (team ability, competition stage, game location, seconds remaining and score differential) variables were considered for the analysis of the data. The effects of the predictor variables on the players’ performance were analyzed according to two game contexts (FT attempted during the final minute or the last pair of FTs) using binomial logistic regression analysis. The results showed that during the final minute the only statistically significant variable was being in the center playing position (OR = 1.58), which decreased the FT shooting percentage compared to forwards and guards. In addition, the results during the last pair of FTs showed that the playing position of guards (OR = 1.70) and centers (OR = 2.22) was significant (a decrease in their FT percentage). Conversely, the score differential when tied (OR = -1.17) or losing (OR = -2.43) was significant, reflecting a lower probability of missing the shot. The results were interpreted and discussed from the viewpoints of crisis theory and the literature on choking in athletic performance.
Discriminatory Power of Women’s Handball Game-Related Statistics at the Olympic Games (2004-2016)
Authors: Saavedra Jose M. , Þorgeirsson Sveinn , Chang Milan , Kristjánsdóttir Hafrún , García-Hermoso Antonio 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Sports performance analysis has been a growing field of study in the last decade. However, the number of studies in handball is small. The aims of this present study were (i) to compare handball game-related statistics by the match outcome (winning and losing teams) and (ii) to identify characteristics that discriminated performance in elite women’s handball. The game-related statistics of the 236 matches played in the last four Olympic Games (Athens, Greece, 2004; Beijing, China, 2008; London, United Kingdom, 2012; and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2016) were analysed. Differences between match outcomes (winning or losing teams) were determined using the chi-squared statistic, also calculating the effect sizes of the differences. A discriminant analysis was then performed applying the sample-splitting method according to match outcomes. The results showed the differences between winning and losing teams were red cards and assists. Also, the discriminant analysis selected five variables (shots, goalkeeper-blocked shots, technical fouls, steals, and goalkeeper-blocked fast-break shots) that classified correctly 83% of matches. The selected variables included offensive and defensive predictors. Coaches and players can use these results as a reference against which to assess their performance and plan training.
Balance and Lower Limb Muscle Activation Between in-Line and Traditional Lunge Exercises
Authors: Marchetti Paulo H. , Guiselini Mauro A. , da Silva Josinaldo J. , Tucker Raymond , Behm David G. , Brown Lee E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In-line and traditional lunge exercises present differences in technique as lower limb positioning (anterioposterior), and medio-lateral (ML) balance may differentially affect primary and stabilizer muscles. The purposes of this study were to examine ML balance and muscle activation in anterior and posterior leg positions between in-line and traditional lunge exercises. Fifteen young, healthy, resistance-trained men (25 ± 5 years) performed 2 different lunge exercises (in-line and traditional) at their 10 repetition maximum in a randomized, counterbalanced fashion. Surface electromyography measured muscle activation of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius. ML balance was measured with a Wii Fit Balance Board. The vastus lateralis activity was not significantly different between exercises or leg positions. The biceps femoris activity was not significantly different between exercises, however, it was significantly greater in the anterior compared to the posterior position for the in-line (p = 0.003), and traditional lunge (p < 0.001). The gluteus maximus activity was not significantly different between exercises, however, it was significantly greater in the anterior compared to posterior position for the in-line (p < 0.001) and traditional lunge (p < 0.001). ML balance was significantly greater in the in-line exercise in the anterior limb (p = 0.001). Thus, both in-line and traditional lunge exercises presented similar overall levels of muscle activation, yet the anterior limb generated the highest biceps femoral and gluteus maximus muscle activation when compared to the posterior limb. The in-line lunge presents greater ML balance when compared to the traditional lunge exercise.
Design and Development of the Mass Image Storage Platform Based on Hadoop
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqing , Gou Jiangjing , Zhou Zhiyong , Sun Jiaxiu 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
With fast development and deep appliance of the Internet, problem of mass image data storage stand out, so the problem of low management efficiency, low storage ability and high cost of traditional storage framework has appeared. The appearance of Hadoop provides a new thought. However, Hadoop itself is not suit for the handle of small files. This paper puts forward a storage framework of mass image files based on Hadoop, and solved the internal storage bottleneck of NameNode when small files are excessive through classification algorithm of preprocessing module and lead-in of high efficiency and first-level of index mechanism. The test manifests that the system is safe, easy to defend and has fine extension quality; as a result, it can reach to a fine effect.
The Establishment and Implementation of Information Network Security Plan
Authors: Yuanyuan Wang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper explains the idea of information security and discusses the establishment of the security system of information network. By using the information system security engineering method, we will establish and improve the network security plan and disaster recovery plan through strict organization and management, adequate financial support, strong talent support and deep technical guarantee. This paper puts forward the overall strategic goal of the “people-oriented, to prevent the main” network security and the overall plan to solve the network security problems.