bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Survival Benefits are Needed to Make Adjuvant Sorafenib Worthwhile After Resection of Intermediate- or High-Risk Renal Cell Carcinoma? Clinical Investigators’ Preferences in the SORCE Trial
Authors: Lawrence Nicola J. , Martin Andrew , Davis Ian D. , Troon Simon , Sengupta Shomik , Hovey Elizabeth , Coskinas Xanthi , Kaplan Richard , Smith Benjamin , Ritchie Alastair , Meade Angela , Eisen Tim , Blinman Prunella , Stockler Martin R. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Decisions about adjuvant therapy involve trade-offs between possible benefits and harms. Objective: We sought to determine the survival benefits that clinical investigators would judge as sufficient to warrant treatment with adjuvant sorafenib in the SORCE trial after nephrectomy for apparently localised renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: A subset of clinical investigators in the SORCE trial completed a validated questionnaire that elicited the minimum survival benefits they judged sufficient to warrant one year of adjuvant sorafenib in scenarios with hypothetical baseline survival times of 5 years and 15 years, and baseline survival rates at 5 years of 65% and 85%. Results: The 100 participating SORCE investigators had a median age of 42 years, and 74 were male. For one year of sorafenib versus no therapy, the median benefits in survival times the investigators judged sufficient to warrant treatment were an extra nine months beyond five years and an extra 12 months beyond 15 years; the median benefits in survival rates were an extra 5% beyond baseline survival rates of both 65% and 85% at five years. The patients recruited in the SORCE trial by these investigators judged smaller benefits sufficient to warrant adjuvant sorafenib for both survival rate scenarios ( p≤0.0001). The survival benefits the investigators judged sufficient to warrant one year of adjuvant therapy with sorafenib for RCC were similar to those of other clinicians considering three months of adjuvant chemotherapy for lung cancer, but smaller than those of clinicians considering six months of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Conclusion: SORCE investigators judged larger benefits necessary to warrant adjuvant sorafenib than their patients. The benefits required by the investigators were similar or smaller than those other clinicians considered sufficient to warrant adjuvant chemotherapy for other cancers. Clinicians should recognise that their patients and colleagues may have preferences that differ from their own when considering the potential benefits and harms of adjuvant treatment.
Could recreational soccer players recover single-leg heel raise performance 12-weeks after Achilles tenorrhaphy through immediate rehabilitation?
Authors: De la Fuente Carlos , Chamorro Claudio , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Araya Juan Pablo , Torres Gustavo , Yañez Aquiles 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND: Immediate rehabilitation is increasingly used for tendon injuries, but complete single-leg heel raise recovery after injury remains uncommon. PURPOSE: This study primarily determined if immediate versus traditional rehabilitation resulted in better single-leg heel raise recovery against the physiological reference, and compared performance recovery against the non-injured limb. The study also explored if clinical parameters at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-tenorrhaphy are predictors of more single-leg heel raises at week 12 in recreational soccer players. METHOD: Twenty-six amateur soccer players (43.2±10.1 years-old, BMI 29.5±3.9 kg/m2) underwent rehabilitation using early or traditional rehabilitation following Dresden tenorrhaphy of the Achilles tendon. The main outcome was the single-leg heel raise repetitions. RESULTS: Immediate rehabilitation resulted in significantly more single-leg heel raises than traditional rehabilitation ( p < 0.001). Performance capacity compared to the physiological reference was significantly greater for immediate rehabilitation ( p < 0.001) but significantly lower for traditional rehabilitation ( p < 0.001). Only immediate rehabilitation recovered single-leg heel raise capacity as compared to the non-injured limb ( p = 0.217). The beta coefficients for weight and dorsiflexion range of motion at week 12 were respectively – 0.81±0.25 and 1.86±0.61. CONCLUSIONS Immediate AT tenorrhaphy rehabilitation more quickly recovers reference values and approximates non-injured-limb values for single-leg heel raise capacity after a 12-week physical therapy program. Dorsiflexion range of motion at week 12 and weight were predictors for more single-leg heel raise repetitions at week 12.
Effectiveness of individualised intervention on pulmonary function in women with post-mastectomy syndrome
Authors: Odynets Tetiana , Briskin Yuriy , Putrov Sergiy 
Published: July 2018

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects on the pulmonary function in women with post-mastectomy syndrome during different 48-week individualised physical rehabilitation programs. METHODS: The participants of this study were 115 breast cancer patients with late symptoms of post-mastectomy syndrome who completed intervention and 50 healthy women (control group). Women had undergone surgical treatment and adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer. Women with post-mastectomy syndrome were enrolled for the first individualised program (first main group, MG1, n = 45), for the second individualised program (second main group, MG2, n = 40) and for the third individualised program (third main group, MG3, n = 30). The first program included aqua aerobics (aqua jogging, aqua building, aqua stretching), conditional swimming, and recreational aerobics; the second program included conditional swimming and Pilates exercises; the third program included yoga-based exercises and stretching. RESULTS: It was found that most of the spirometry parameters steadily improved in all groups during a 48-week individualised physical rehabilitation programs. After that period of training the individualised program for women of the first main group came to have an advantageous effect on all the indicators of respiratory function ( p < 0.05– p < 0.001) as compared with the healthy women, except for the expiratory reserve volume, and maximal voluntary ventilation, which were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that individualized physical rehabilitation programs had a positive effect on pulmonary function in women with post-mastectomy of all groups.
Nanomaterials Based Drinking Water Purification: Comparative Study with a Conventional Water Purification Process
Authors: Şimşek Barış , Sevgili İnci , Ceran Özge Bildi , Korucu Haluk , Şara Osman Nuri 
Published: July 2018

One of the ways of fully securing the presence of fresh water is water treatment process. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology offers an innovative solution for water treatment. In this study, physical, chemical and microbiological improvement rates of raw water were analyzed after filtration with graphene oxide. Graphene oxide's water treatment performance; silver nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles & graphene oxide composites that are commonly used in water treatment were compared with a traditional treatment method. When compared to the traditional method, there were improvements of 50 %, 40.7 %, 86.8 % and 45.5 % for color, TIC, TOC and hardness properties, respectively in water treatment by GO-based filtration with solid liquid ratio of 0.7 % (v/v). In water treatment with GO-Ag based filtration, 39.8 %, 69.8 %, 10.3 % and 28.6 % of improvements were obtained for TIC, TOC, hardness and LSI value compared to the conventional method. Both GO at 0.7 % (v/v) solid-liquid ratio and GO-Ag nanocomposites were successful in the number of total viable microorganisms and inhibiting microorganisms such as Escherichia coli fecal (gaita-infected), Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomona aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Among the studied parameters GO-Ag nanocomposites found to be the most suitable for drinking water treatment.
Detections of Massive Stars in the Cluster MCM2005b77, in the Star-forming Regions GRS G331.34−00.36 (S62) and GRS G337.92−00.48 (S36)
Authors: Messineo Maria , Menten Karl M. , Figer Donald F. , Chen C.-H. Rosie , Rich R. Michael 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Large infrared and millimeter wavelength surveys of the Galactic plane have unveiled more than 600 new bubble H ii regions and more than 3000 candidate star clusters. We present a study of the candidate clusters MCM2005b72, DBS2003−157, DBS2003−172, and MCM2005b77 based on near-infrared spectroscopy taken with SofI on the NTT and infrared photometry from the 2MASS, VVV, and GLIMPSE surveys. We find that (1) MCM2005b72 and DBS2003−157 are subregions of the same star-forming region, H ii GRS G331.34−00.36 (bubble S62). MCM2005b72 coincides with the central part of this H ii region, while DBS2003−157 is a bright mid-infrared knot of the S62 shell. We detected two O-type stars at extinction

= 1.0–1.3 mag. Their spectrophotometric properties are consistent with the near-kinematic distance to GRS G331.34−00.36 of 3.9 ± 0.3 kpc. (2) DBS2003−172 coincides with a bright mid-infrared knot in the S36 shell (GRS G337.92−00.48), where we detected a pair of candidate He i stars embedded in a small cometary nebula. (3) The stellar cluster MCM2005b77 is rich in B-type stars, has an average

of 0.91 mag, and is adjacent to the H ii region IRAS 16137−5025. The average spectrophotometric distance of ∼5.0 kpc matches the near-kinematic distance to IRAS 16137−5025 of 5.2 ± 0.1 kpc.
Warm CO Gas Generated by Possible Turbulent Shocks in a Low-mass Star-forming Dense Core in Taurus
Authors: Tokuda Kazuki , Onishi Toshikazu , Saigo Kazuya , Matsumoto Tomoaki , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Fukui Yasuo , Machida Masahiro N. , Tomida Kengo , Hosokawa Takashi , Kawamura Akiko , Tachihara Kengo 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We report ALMA Cycle 3 observations in CO isotopes toward a dense core, MC27/L1521F in Taurus, which is considered to be at an early stage of multiple star formation in a turbulent environment. Although most of the high-density parts of this core are considered to be as cold as ∼10 K, high-angular resolution (∼20 au) observations in 12CO (J = 3–2) revealed complex warm (>15–60 K) filamentary/clumpy structures with the sizes from a few tens of astronomical units to ∼1000 au. The interferometric observations of 13CO and C18O show that the densest part with arc-like morphologies associated with the previously identified protostar and condensations are slightly redshifted from the systemic velocity of the core. We suggest that the warm CO clouds may be consequences of shock heating induced by interactions among the different density/velocity components that originated from the turbulent motions in the core. However, such a small-scale and fast turbulent motion does not correspond to a simple extension of the line–width–size relation (i.e., Larson's law), and thus the actual origin remains to be studied. The high-angular resolution CO observations are expected to be essential in detecting small-scale turbulent motions in dense cores and to investigate protostar formation therein.
A Possible Mechanism for Enriching Heavy Ions in 3He-rich Solar Energetic Particle Events
Authors: Mason Glenn M. , Klecker Berndt 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We investigate a mechanism to produce a seed population enriched in heavy ions, such as those observed in 3He-rich solar energetic particle events. It is shown that if an initial particle population following a power law in energy nucleon−1 passes through a small amount of material, at energies below the dE/dx Bragg peak, the greater affinity of heavier ions for electron pick-up results in their penetrating the material more easily. This results in an enhancement of heavy ions in the particle population that just barely penetrates the material. The bulk of the seed particles fall in the energy range of 10 s of keV nucleon−1. It is supposed that some further process then energizes this seed population to produce the particles observed in interplanetary space. We find a broad range of parameters that produces enhancements comparable to Fe/O ∼ 8 commonly observed.
The Extended Distribution of Baryons around Galaxies
Authors: Bregman Joel N. , Anderson Michael E. , Miller Matthew J. , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Dai Xinyu , Li Jiang-Tao , Li Yunyang , Qu Zhijie 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We summarize and reanalyze observations bearing on missing galactic baryons, where we propose a consistent picture for halo gas in L ≳ L* galaxies. The hot X-ray-emitting halos are detected to 50–70 kpc, where typically M
hot(<50 kpc) ∼ 5 × 109
M
⊙, and with density n ∝ r
−3/2. When extrapolated to R
200, the gas mass is comparable to the stellar mass, but about half of the baryons are still missing from the hot phase. If extrapolated to 1.7R
200–3R
200, the ratio of baryon to dark matter approaches the cosmic value. Significantly flatter density profiles are unlikely for R < 50 kpc, and they are disfavored but not ruled out for R > 50 kpc. For the Milky Way, the hot halo metallicity lies in the range 0.3–1 solar for R < 50 kpc. Planck measurements of the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect toward stacked luminous galaxies (primarily early type) indicate that most of their baryons are hot, are near the virial temperature, and extend beyond R
200. This stacked SZ signal is nearly an order of magnitude larger than that inferred from the X-ray observations of individual (mostly spiral) galaxies with M
* > 1011.3
M
⊙. This difference suggests that the hot halo properties are distinct for early- and late-type galaxies, possibly due to different evolutionary histories. For the cooler gas detected in UV absorption line studies, we argue that there are two absorption populations: extended halos, and disks extending to ∼50 kpc, containing most of this gas, and with masses a few times lower than the stellar masses. Such extended disks are also seen in 21 cm H i observations and in simulations.
Reversals in the Direction of Polarization Rotation in OJ 287
Authors: Cohen M. H. , Aller H. D. , Aller M. F. , Hovatta T. , Kharb P. , Kovalev Y. Y. , Lister M. L. , Meier D. L. , Pushkarev A. B. , Savolainen T. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We have obtained a smooth time series for the electric vector position angle (EVPA) of the blazar OJ 287 at centimeter wavelengths, by making ±nπ adjustments to archival values from 1974 to 2016. The data display rotation reversals in which the EVPA rotates counterclockwise for ∼180° and then rotates clockwise by a similar amount. The timescale of the rotations is a few weeks to a year, and the scale for a double rotation, including the reversal, is 1–3 yr. We have seen four of these events in 40 yr. A model consisting of two successive outbursts in polarized flux density, with EVPAs counterrotating, superposed on a steady polarized jet, can explain many of the details of the observations. Polarization images support this interpretation. The model can also help to explain similar events seen at optical wavelengths. The outbursts needed for the model can be generated by the supermagnetosonic jet model of Nakamura et al. and Nakamura & Meier, which requires a strong helical magnetic field. This model produces forward and reverse pairs of fast and slow MHD waves, and the plasma inside the two fast/slow pairs rotates around the jet axis, but in opposite directions.
Collections Access and Custom Storage Solutions at the Smithsonian’s Museum Support Center
Authors: Haigler Daniella 
Published: July 2018

The National Museum of Natural History is committed to long-term stewardship of collections and to supporting their use by scientists and the general public. This stewardship role is unique among other US natural history museums. As the nation’s natural history museum, the National Museum of Natural History has a mandated commitment to conserve and protect its collections in a manner that will assure their continued accessibility by future generations and maintain the National Museum of Natural History mission.
A significant number of objects from the National Museum of Natural History are permanently stored at the Museum Support Center in Suitland, MD. This space not only includes collections from the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), but also the Museum Conservation Institute (MCI), the National Museum of American History (NMAH), the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (HMSG), the Freer Sackler Gallery (FSG) and the National Museum of African Art (AfA) as well as several other museums.
In terms of collections access and use, the museum support center has a team, Collections Support Services (CSS), dedicated to collections’ long-term care and preservation. Collections Support Services provides access and support for the 730,000 square feet of collections housed at MSC. CSS staff perform a variety of technical and labor tasks related to the cleaning, preparation, packing, transport, unpacking, and permanent storage of objects and specimens. This includes building custom aluminum pallets for oversized objects and whale skull cradles.
Moreover, while the use of palletized storage is not a new concept in museum storage, the construction of Pod 4 at the Museum Support Center in Suitland, MD posed some unique challenges for the permanent storage of oversized collections. Pod 4 provides continuous rows of 2', 4' and 8' deep cantilevered open racking from floor to ceiling (22 feet high), and allows palletized objects to be moved and placed in the racking via forklift. Traditional wooden pallets are unacceptable by archival standards, as they are acidic by nature, bulky, heavy, not fire-retardant, and prone to pest infestation. Collections Support Services circumvented these issues by establishing an innovative system of customized aluminum pallets for collections’ long-term care and preservation. These pallets are durable and lightweight, and must pass several quality control tests that include dropping and jarring. They are also designed with multiple functions in mind for ease of use, storage, transport, and maintenance.
Investigating director development in South Africa
Authors: Mans-Kemp Nadia , Viviers Suzette , Staal Blanche-Mari , Van Schalkwyk Jurie 
Published: July 2018

Orientation: To effectively fulfil their multiple roles, the four King Reports suggest several development mechanisms for newly appointed and seasoned directors.Research purpose: This study investigated the most prominent King III director development initiatives used by the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Top 40 companies over the period 2011–2015.Motivation for the study: Despite the emphasis on director development in the King Reports, there is a paucity of academic research on the topic. The authors hence evaluated corporate reporting on and the application of selected director development mechanisms.Research design, approach and method: A mixed-methods approach was adopted. Key words were used to conduct content analysis on the companies’ integrated reports. Disclosure and depth scores were constructed to evaluate reporting trends. To gain further insight into these trends, semi-structured personal interviews were conducted with directors who had varying levels of experience.Main findings: The majority of the JSE Top 40 companies disclosed some details regarding the director development initiatives they used. The key word analysis revealed that most companies focused their development efforts on new board appointees. The interviewees emphasised that the entire directorate should be continuously developed. Participants indicated that mentoring is an important informal development mechanism. In line with literature, they stressed that all directors should take personal responsibility for their development.Contribution/value-add: This study emphasises the importance of continuous director development beyond the orientation of new board appointees. A well-developed board is in a better position to fulfil its responsibilities to shareholders and other key stakeholders than a less developed one.
Johan Heyns and critique in the Dutch Reformed Church against apartheid: The moderator a prophet?
Authors: Strauss Piet J. 
Published: July 2018

Johan Heyns was the moderator of the General Synod of the Dutch Reformed Church from 1986 to 1990. This church was known as a moral and theological supporter of apartheid until the 1980s. In 1980 Heyns was, for the first time, involved in public critique against the pro-apartheid stance of his church. He took an influential part in writing a new document that criticised apartheid and was accepted by the General Synod of 1986. Heyns was elected as moderator or chairman of this synod. The years from 1986 to 1990 became the busiest of his life. He became the leader in his church’s defence of the new document Church and Society in and beyond South Africa. In order to get back into the World Alliance of Reformed Churches and to stay on in the Reformed Ecumenical Synod, the Dutch Reformed Church decided to depart from its apartheid ways. Heyns’ message on apartheid was shaped by his Reformed approach to life, in which he chose reform as the method for change.
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among large commercial pig herds in South Africa
Authors: Van Lochem Shani , Thompson Peter N. , Annandale Cornelius H. 
Published: July 2018

The prevalence of nasal carrier status of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs has been described elsewhere, but is unknown in South Africa. To address concerns that exist regarding the zoonotic risk that carriers pose to workers, the herd-level prevalence of MRSA was determined among 25 large (> 500 sows) commercial pig herds in South Africa, representing 45% of the large commercial herds in the country. From each herd, the nasal contents of 18 finisher pigs were sampled at the abattoir, pooled into three and selectively cultured to determine the presence of MRSA. A herd was classified as MRSA-positive if one or more of the three pooled samples cultured positive. Three of the 25 herds tested positive for MRSA, equating to a 12% herd prevalence (95% CI: 7% – 23%) among South African commercial piggeries. The prevalence of nasal MRSA carriers among large commercial pig herds in South Africa was low compared to what has been reported elsewhere and suggests a relatively low zoonotic MRSA risk to workers in South African commercial piggeries and abattoirs.
The woodcarving genre of Lamidi Olonade Fakeye: A synthesis of multiple artworlds
Authors: Edewor Uyoyou Nelson O. 
Published: July 2018

Lamidi Olonade Fakeye’s (1928-2009) woodcarving practice from 1938-2009, bestrides different Artworlds that span from the colonial to the modern art practice periods in Nigeria. A number of studies on Lamidi exist, the trailblazer being Kevin Carroll’s (1967) book on Yoruba Religious Carvings. This paper analyses a trajectory of his practice within longstanding Yoruba woodcarvingand modern art traditions, by interrogating his training, formal repertoire, theme and patronage pattern. Adopting the biographical and formalistic methods of art historical writing, library sources, interviews and participant observation have been employed as instruments for data collection, validation, and analysis. Conclusively, the paper advances a categorization paradigm in Lamidi’s practice. This is aimed at situating him within the matrix of Nigerian art history and development.Key Words: Artworlds, Longstanding Traditions, Igbomina/ Ekiti, Periodization, Categorization