bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spray drying of Mengkudu herbal extract: Effect of wheat flour
Authors: Duduku K , Anisuzzaman S M , Awang B , Rozianie R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of Mengkudu, and the mixture of Mengkudu with wheat flour. Three major processes are involved in this research such as extraction of Mengkudu, spray drying of Mengkudu extract and the mixture of Mengkudu with wheat flour at 1400C. From results, it was found that the phenolics and flavonoid compounds are present in concentrated Mengkudu extract (CME) and due to these compounds the antioxidant activity of CME was increased. The total phenolic and flavonoid content in the mixture of concentrated Mengkudu extract with wheat flour (MCMEWF) and also in the mixture of spray dried Mengkudu extract with wheat flour (MSDMEWF) are lower than in CME but antioxidant activity of these mixtures was higher compared to antioxidant activity of their individual components. This shows that antioxidant compounds in the mixture exhibit synergistically to donate the hydrogen to DPPH radicals thus increased the antioxidant activity.
Analysis of Evaporation Data from an Enclosed Pond Ventilated by Solar Chimney
Authors: Mizanur R Md. , Ashikur R Md. , Noor Ajian M L , Ming chu Chi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Water removal from industrial effluent streams, salt cultivation farms, biodiesel conversion process from microalgae, and food drying by using pond evaporation with a higher rate of mass flux can be considered as an economical and energy saving scheme. The objective of this study is to utilize a method of enhancing the pond natural evaporation rate to improve the sustainability of industrial operations. In this study, canopied ventilation technology was employed to enhance the pond evaporation. This technology caused the natural draft enhancement by installing a wire mesh on the chimney. The unit consists of a solar irradiated solid wall chimney installed on the evaporation pan as a means to increase the evaporation rate of existing water body. Experiments were conducted in square pan at the same size as class-A pan in three configurations. The experimental result showed that the evaporation flux from configuration YY (Solar chimney with wire mesh) averaged at 13 per cent more than configuration NN (Open Pond) and at 20 per cent more than configuration YN(Solar chimney without wire mesh). Counter to intuition, for configuration YN the evaporation averaged at 6 per cent lower than the evaporation from the open pond configuration. The pan evaporation flux was found to be predicted satisfactorily by the Rayner[5] evaporation model showing it is able to aggregate reasonably the effect of changing characteristics of the three configurations in terms of net radiation, vapor pressure deficit and natural ventilation draft.
Structural Analysis of Laterally Aerated Moving Bed (LAMB) Dryer by using Robot Structural Analysis (RSA) Professional 2018
Authors: Marcellus K , Jidon J , Nancy J S , Willey Y H L 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The structural design of Laterally Aerated Moving Bed (LAMB) dryer is subjected to buckling effects due to the loads of the paddy bed, self-weight and static pressures by the air blower to overcome the air resistance in the paddy bed, perforated tube and the bed chamber perforated wall. The dryer structural type is a spatial complex structure where the boundary conditions are not very clear, thus the Robot Structural Analysis (RSA) Professional 2018 is used to determine the critical values of loads when the overall structural elements instability occurred to form buckling. The RSA analysed the global buckling of a structure to find the critical coefficient value to be multiply with the case load for the critical buckling load determination. Three different model of dryer structural designs were prepared and analysed by RSA to find the buckling critical coefficient values (αcr), displacements (mm), reactions (N) and moments (Nm). All structural design model was designed with similar type of materials, different sizes and geometrical arrangements. The RSA results within the three structural design models were compared. The structural design model with the best buckling coefficient values with minimum displacement had been selected for the actual LAMB dryer structural construction.
Free Neurocognitive Screening Initiative: An Opportunity to Address Health Disparities and Promote Cultural Competence in Northcentral Florida
Authors: Amofa Sr. P , Arias F , Trifilio E , Belser-Ehrlich J , Rohl B , Lopez F , Levy S-A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
The risk for cognitive impairment is greater in individuals with low SES and limited education. In rural areas, distance and economic concerns preclude individuals from accessing care. In Alachua County, 23% of residents live below poverty and 16% are uninsured. The Neurocognitive Screening Initiative (NSI) attempts to reduce disparities in Alachua by offering free neurocognitive screening. NSI also aspires to promote cultural competence through unique training opportunities for clinical neuropsychology doctoral students.

Method
Patients learned about NSI through flyers, word of mouth, or referrals. Appointments include a clinical interview, cognitive testing, and mood questionnaires. Patients receive feedback, brain health recommendations, and referrals to community resources. Phase 1 began in November 2017 and involved selection of appropriate cognitive measures, development and dissemination of advertising materials, identification of resources, and trainee recruitment. From February 2018 to August 2018, phase 2 involved administration of cognitive screeners. Phase 3 involved continued provision of clinical services, expansion of the NSI team and increased culturally relevant outreach.

Outcomes
NSI’s greatest challenge is recruitment of the appropriate demographic. Since phase 2, we have evaluated 10 patients with diverse racial, socioeconomic, and clinical characteristics. NSI has recruited an ethnoracially diverse cohort of trainees comprised of 4 graduate students and 2 postdoctoral fellows supervised by a clinical neuropsychologist.

Discussion
Efforts to provide services to marginalized individuals have uncovered challenges in attracting patients who might benefit from these services. NSI is forging community partnerships with churches, libraries, and local organizations to reach the targeted audience. Via weekly meetings, participation in community events/outreach, and clinical work, NSI provides unique training for emerging neuropsychologists.
C-47 Associations of Executive Functioning with Neural Mechanisms of Reward Processing in Youth
Authors: Kryza-Lacombe M , Christian I , Wiggins J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
Executive functioning (EF) deficits and difficulty adjusting to reward contingencies in youth are associated with concurrent and future psychopathology. Little is known about how EF relates to reward processing mechanisms. This study examines the associations of neural mechanisms of reward processing with cognitive flexibility and response inhibition, two subdomains of EF.

Method
dYouths (n = 22), ages 11-14, completed a youth-friendly monetary incentive delay task during multiband fMRI acquisition by hitting a piñata target via button press, to obtain a potential reward. The task included anticipation and feedback periods. On the same day, youths also completed two NIH Toolbox EF tasks on an iPad; the Dimensional Change Card Sort task and the Flanker task, measuring cognitive flexibility and response inhibition respectively. Whole-brain analyses evaluate brain activation associated with EF scores during anticipation and feedback periods.

Results
Cognitive flexibility was associated with left insula activation during feedback (xyz = -35,11,10, F(1,20) = 25.36, k = 30, p < .005, uncorrected), with lower scores predicting higher activation in left insula when participants failed to obtain a potential reward (r = -.52, p = 0.014). During reward anticipation, the Cognitive Flexibility x Reward Condition interaction predicted activation in the left fusiform (xyz = -45,-41,-16, F(1,20) = 23.94, k = 38) and left inferior frontal gyri (xyz = -39,33,10, F(1,20) = 16.86, k = 21; both p < .005, uncorrected), but post-hocs were non-significant. Response inhibition analyses are currently underway.

Conclusions
These preliminary results suggest that EF may moderate reward-related neural activation in brain areas related to stimulus-driven attentional networks. Subjects with lower cognitive flexibility may have difficulty reframing failure when a reward is missed. Findings may inform intervention efforts.
Ataxia–telangiectasia mutated coordinates the ovarian DNA repair and atresia-initiating response to phosphoramide mustard
Authors: Clark Kendra L , Keating Aileen F 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAtaxia–telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) protein recognizes and repairs DNA double strand breaks through activation of cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair proteins. Atm gene mutations increase female reproductive cancer risk. Phosphoramide mustard (PM) induces ovarian DNA damage and destroys primordial follicles, and pharmacological ATM inhibition prevents PM-induced follicular depletion. Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 or Atm+/− mice were dosed once intraperitoneally with sesame oil (95%) or PM (25 mg/kg) in the proestrus phase of the estrous cycle and ovaries harvested 3 days thereafter. Atm+/− mice spent ~25% more time in diestrus phase than WT. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on ovarian protein was performed and bioinformatically analyzed. Relative to WT, Atm+/− mice had 64 and 243 proteins increased or decreased in abundance, respectively. In WT mice, PM increased 162 and decreased 20 proteins. In Atm+/− mice, 173 and 37 proteins were increased and decreased, respectively, by PM. Exportin-2 (XPO2) was localized to granulosa cells of all follicle stages and was 7.2-fold greater in Atm+/− than WT mice. Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 1 was 6.8-fold lower in Atm+/− mice and was located in the surface epithelium with apparent translocation to the ovarian medulla post-PM exposure. PM induced γH2AX, but fewer γH2AX-positive foci were identified in Atm+/− ovaries. Similarly, cleaved caspase-3 was lower in the Atm+/− PM-treated, relative to WT mice. These findings support ATM involvement in ovarian DNA repair and suggest that ATM functions to regulate ovarian atresia.
The Selling of Virtual Reality: Novelty and Continuity in the Cultural Integration of Technology
Authors: Nagy Jeff , Turner Fred 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSince the spring of 2014, the consumer virtual reality (VR) industry has once again been racing to reach the public, providing an opportunity to track an emerging medium’s cultural integration in real time. We examined three sites on the sales chain that stretches from the laboratory to the living room: industry developer conferences, industrial prototypes, and end-user experiences. At each of these sites, marketers renegotiate VR’s novelty in order to sell it to specific constituencies. Paradoxically, these negotiations reveal how VR, typically presented as a disruptive innovation, has been called upon to stabilize and ensure the continuity of the past: that is, of particular cultural forms and of the industrial and technological infrastructures that sustain them. We argue that the enculturation of VR demonstrates that the processes that summon new technologies and construct them as novel also reinforce existing—and often unspoken—agreements about the ways that culture should be organized.
Tumor necrosis factor-α blockade ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in rats
Authors: Cheng Dongsheng , Liang Rulian , Huang Baorui , Hou Jiasheng , Yin Jianyong , Zhao Ting , Zhou Lu , Wu Rui , Qian Youcun , Wang Feng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundTubular injury plays a critical role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN), but current DN therapies do not combat tubular injury. This study was conducted to investigate if tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition protects against tubular injury in diabetic rats and to examine the associated mechanisms.MethodsKidney biopsy tissues were collected and analyzed from 12 patients with DN and 5 control subjects. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with a TNF-α inhibitor for 12 weeks. Renal function, albuminuria, histological injury, renal TNF-α messenger RNA (mRNA) and the NOD- (nucleotide-binding), LRR- (domain-like receptor) and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were assessed.ResultsDiabetic patients with tubulointerstitial injury (TIN) presented with higher renal tubular expression of TNF-α mRNA and the NLRP3 inflammasome (P &lt; 0.05). TNF-α inhibition reduced albuminuria, glomerular injury and tubular injury in STZ-induced diabetic rats (P &lt; 0.05). Importantly, TNF-α inhibition significantly reduced the NLRP3 inflammasome in tubules (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, TNF-α inhibition decreased expression of tubular interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A mRNA.ConclusionsTNF-α inhibition protects against TIN by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome in DN rats. Future studies may focus on the clinical protective effects of TNF-α inhibition using prospective observation.
Group Consumption with Caring Individuals
Authors: Cherchye Laurens , Cosaert Sam , Demuynck Thomas , De Rock Bram 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to model joint consumption decisions of individuals who care for each other. The model encompasses a continuum of group consumption models situated between the fully co-operative model and the non-cooperative model without caring. We also define a measure for the degree of intragroup cooperation that quantifies how close the observed group behaviour is to fully co-operative behaviour. Following a revealed preference approach, we derive testable implications of the model for empirical data. We use our model to analyse decisions made by children in an experimental setting.
Assessing health system performance: effective coverage at the Mexican Institute of Social Security
Authors: Leslie Hannah H , Doubova Svetlana V , Pérez-Cuevas Ricardo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Universal health coverage is a national priority in Mexico, with active efforts to expand public healthcare system access, increase financial protection and improve quality of care. We estimated effective coverage of multiple conditions within the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), which covers 62 million individuals. We identified routinely collected performance indicators at IMSS from 2016 related to use and quality of care for conditions avertable with high-quality healthcare; where candidate indicators were available, we quantified need for service from a population-representative survey and calculated effective coverage as proportion of individuals in need who experience potential health gains. We assessed subnational inequality across 32 states, and we weighted conditions by relative contribution to national disease burden to estimate composite effective coverage. Conditions accounting for 51% of healthcare-avertable disability-adjusted life years lost in Mexico could be assessed: antenatal care, delivery care, newborn care, childhood diarrhoea, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Estimated effective coverage ranged from a low of 27% for childhood diarrhoea to a high of 74% for newborn care. Substantial inequality in effective coverage existed between states, particularly for maternal and child conditions. Overall effective coverage of these six conditions in IMSS was 49% in 2016. Gaps in use and quality of care must be addressed to ensure good health for all in Mexico. Despite extensive monitoring of health status and services in Mexico, currently available data are inadequate to the task of fully and routinely assessing health system effective coverage. Leaders at IMSS and similar healthcare institutions must be more purposeful in planning the assessment of population need, utilization of care and quality impacts of care to enable linkage of these data and disaggregation by location or population sub-group. Only then can complex health systems be fairly and fully evaluated.
Histological examination of explanted tissue-engineered bovine pericardium following heart valve repair
Authors: Deutsch Oliver , Bruehl Frido , Cleuziou Julie , Prinzing Anatol , Schlitter Anna Melissa , Krane Markus , Lange Rüdiger 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to present histopathological findings of human explants of a tissue-engineered bovine pericardium CardioCel (Admedus Regen Pty Ltd, Malaga, WA, Australia) used for heart valve repair in patients with congenital and acquired heart valve disease.

METHODS
Sixty patients underwent heart valve repair from May 2014 to November 2018 using CardioCel as a substitute for valve tissue. We identified 9 cases in which the CardioCel patch was explanted following valve repair and available for histomorphological analyses. CardioCel explants were evaluated histologically using haematoxylin and oeosin, Elastica van Gieson and immunohistochemical stains.

RESULTS
The indications for explantation were related to the CardioCel patch in 6 patients. Median time between the implantation and explantation was 242 (range 3–1247) days. We demonstrated a characteristic remodelling pattern with superficial coating of the tissue-engineered bovine pericardium by granulation tissue composed of histiocytes, few lymphocytes and fibrin. We had 2 cases with a multifocal nodular disruption, fragmentation and sclerosis of the decellularized collagen matrix with focal calcification after 795 and 1247 days in situ.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that the tissue-engineered CardioCel patch is initially tolerated in the valvular position in the majority of patients. However, we also experienced graft failures that showed degeneration with fragmentation of the collagen matrix and even 2 cases with focal calcification evident from the histopathological analysis. Further analyses of mid- and long-term performance are mandatory.
Left atrial appendage clipping as an adjunctive therapy in lung cancer surgery for patients with atrial fibrillation: a case report
Authors: Toale Conor , Jones John , Fitzmaurice Gerard J , Eaton Donna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is thought to be responsible for the vast majority of embolic strokes, and has become an important target in the surgical management of atrial fibrillation (AF). Epicardial clipping of the LAA has emerged as a potentially safe, durable and effective method of surgical closure, and has been performed both as a stand-alone procedure (thoracoscopic LAA clipping) and as an adjunct in patients undergoing open cardiac surgery. To our knowledge, the use of epicardial clipping in the setting of non-cardiac thoracic surgery for patients with concurrent diagnosis of AF has not been previously reported. This report highlights the case of a 70-year-old gentleman with a diagnosis of AF, who underwent concomitant LAA clipping at the time of elective thoracoscopic left upper lobectomy for a pT2aN0 lung adenocarcinoma.
To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the feasibility of LAA clipping as an adjunctive procedure in lung cancer surgery.
The Impact of Nonsampling Errors on Estimators of Catch from Electronic Reporting Systems
Authors: Stokes S Lynne , Williams Benjamin M , McShane Ryan P A , Zalsha Shalima 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The National Marine Fisheries Service is the agency charged with estimating the number of fish removed from US oceans by recreational anglers. Two surveys produce data for these estimates; one measures number of angler trips and the other fish caught per trip by species, geography, and time period. Both surveys collect data from people and have the usual sources of nonsampling error afflicting demographic surveys. Due to lack of accessibility to fishing sites, they also have additional sources such as undercoverage. The rare incidence of saltwater fishing among the general population makes the current method costly and time-consuming. Consequently, new ways of obtaining information to supplement or replace the current method are of interest. One is the electronic logbook (ELB); this approach allows anglers to self-report their catch using cellphones or other communication devices. Estimation of catch from these data are possible with estimators using capture-recapture methods, but new sources of nonsampling error are rising. In this article, we examine three sources of nonsampling error in estimators of catch and approximate their biasing effect. We illustrate the method by comparing the effects using data from an ELB study in the Gulf of Mexico.
Exploring the role of expectations and stimulus relevance on stimulus-specific neural representations and conscious report
Authors: Meijs Erik L , Mostert Pim , Slagter Heleen A , de Lange Floris P , van Gaal Simon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Subjective experience can be influenced by top-down factors, such as expectations and stimulus relevance. Recently, it has been shown that expectations can enhance the likelihood that a stimulus is consciously reported, but the neural mechanisms supporting this enhancement are still unclear. We manipulated stimulus expectations within the attentional blink (AB) paradigm using letters and combined visual psychophysics with magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings to investigate whether prior expectations may enhance conscious access by sharpening stimulus-specific neural representations. We further explored how stimulus-specific neural activity patterns are affected by the factors expectation, stimulus relevance and conscious report. First, we show that valid expectations about the identity of an upcoming stimulus increase the likelihood that it is consciously reported. Second, using a series of multivariate decoding analyses, we show that the identity of letters presented in and out of the AB can be reliably decoded from MEG data. Third, we show that early sensory stimulus-specific neural representations are similar for reported and missed target letters in the AB task (active report required) and an oddball task in which the letter was clearly presented but its identity was task-irrelevant. However, later sustained and stable stimulus-specific representations were uniquely observed when target letters were consciously reported (decision-dependent signal). Fourth, we show that global pre-stimulus neural activity biased perceptual decisions for a ‘seen’ response. Fifth and last, no evidence was obtained for the sharpening of sensory representations by top-down expectations. We discuss these findings in light of emerging models of perception and conscious report highlighting the role of expectations and stimulus relevance.