bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sows experiencing more severe white line lesions and heel overgrowth and erosion had poorer farrowing performance, regardless of parity order, in Brazilian commercial herds
Authors: Klein Alan A. , Kramer Ton , Cornelison Alyssa S. , Rapp Christof , Langer Stefan , Socha Mike T. , Rodrigues Lucas A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Claw lesions are a major contributor to lameness, significantly affecting sow welfare, yet the relationship between farrowing performance and lesion severity is underexplored. This study used a multivariate approach to examine the link between farrowing performance—total piglets born (TB), piglets born alive (BA), and stillbirth rate (SBR)—and various claw lesions.
Results
The sows were clustered into two groups (C1 and C2) using k-means clustering based on claw lesions and farrowing performance. Clusters differed notably in heel overgrowth and erosion (HOE), white line (WL), lesion index (L-Index), and stillbirth rate (SBR), which decreased from C1 to C2, while BA increased (P < 0.05). Linear (LR) and quadratic (QR) models were applied to assess relationships among claw lesions, farrowing performance, and parity order (PO). Additionally, linear mixed models evaluated the effects of claw lesion severity on farrowing performance and vice versa. Parity order progression increased the severity of HOE and L-Index and decreased the severity of WL in C1 (P < 0.05). Parity order had a concave quadratic effect on TB and BA and a convex quadratic effect on SBR across clusters (P < 0.05). Sows scored 3 for HOE had the highest SBR, while those scored 0 and 1 had the lowest, independent of cluster (P < 0.05). Farrowing performance did not influence lesion severity (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that Brazilian sows with severe claw lesions, especially WL and HOE, have poorer farrowing outcomes, as indicated by increased SBR, regardless of PO.
A decoupling attempt study of China's marine fishery's economic production and carbon emissions
Authors: Umair Muhammad , Hakimova Yegana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

While the marine capture fishing industry contributes significantly to economic growth, it also leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions. To improve the financial efficiency of this sector while managing its environmental impact, it is essential to understand the relationship between revenue generation and greenhouse gas emissions. This study examines the correlation between emissions and revenue in marine capture fisheries, identifying key variables influencing carbon emissions. Additionally, it evaluates the effectiveness of separation efforts in China’s coastal fisheries using the separation directory, breakdown method, and separation framework.
The findings highlight the following: (i) The separation condition has improved across all coastal regions, with Guangdong showing the most robust and stable separation. (ii) Fossil content plays a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and advancing separation efforts, while the structure of commerce remains a significant barrier to further progress in most regions. (iii) All coastal areas made notable efforts to decouple emissions from economic activity, with more than half of the regions implementing significant separation initiatives.
These results underscore the need for targeted policies to enhance separation efforts and reduce the environmental impact of marine capture fisheries.
A New Approach to Ransomware Detection Using Hierarchical Entropic Pattern Analysis
Authors: Plott Laurence , Pennington James , Kingsley Thomas , Wainwright Emily , Lamberton Arthur 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The escalating sophistication of cyber threats, characterized by increasingly complex attack vectors and adaptive malicious software, requires the development and implementation of innovative detection methodologies that can effectively identify and mitigate these evolving threats. The Hierarchical Entropic Pattern Analysis (HEPA) framework offers a novel approach to identifying ransomware activities through multi-layered entropy analysis. By examining entropy variations across hierarchical data structures, HEPA effectively distinguishes between benign and malicious behaviors. The system's modular design ensures seamless integration with existing cybersecurity infrastructures, promoting scalability and adaptability. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate HEPA's high detection accuracy and low false positive rates across diverse ransomware variants. Resource utilization assessments indicate minimal impact on system performance, affirming the framework's operational efficiency. Detection latency measurements reveal prompt identification of ransomware activities, enabling timely intervention. The analysis of entropic patterns provides deeper insights into ransomware encryption behaviors, enhancing threat intelligence. Comparative analyses highlight HEPA's superiority over traditional detection methods, showing its potential to advance cybersecurity defenses. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of entropy-based detection mechanisms and their practical applications in combating sophisticated cyber threats.
Russian Geographical Terminology in Vvozhdenie v kosmografiiu: A Linguistic Perspective
Authors: Н.В. Николенкова 
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена описанию структуры предисловия к переводу «Атласа Блау», который был сделан в 1650-е годы в Москве кружком Епифания Славинецкого. В ряде списков это предисловие носит название «Ввождение в космографию». Мало изученный лингвистами, этот текст является ценным источником по истории языка. Мы покажем, что целый ряд научных терминов, которые обычно считаются введенными в оборот в начале XVIII в., впервые употреблены на 50 лет ранее в тексте «Ввождения в Космографию». Кроме того, Славинецкий и его помощники предвосхитили развитие научной терминологии, предложив разные варианты передачи иностранных (латинских) лексем.
Известие о «северных скифах» («росах») в трактате «Тактика» византийского императора Льва VI Мудрого
Authors: А.С. Щавелев 
Published: November 2024

В статье анализируется текст известия главы «Наумахика» из трактата «Тактика» императора Византии Льва VI Мудрого, в котором описываются корабли «северных скифов» в сравнении с кораблями сарацин. В одной из древнейших рукописей, Ambros. B 119-sup. (начало второй половины X в.), содержащих данное известие, есть уточнение, что эти «северные скифы» называются Ῥῶς. Сопоставление списков трактата «Тактика», стиля текста данного известия и исторических реалий, которые он содержит, говорит в пользу того, что в изначальном тексте трактата времени Льва VI этноним Ῥῶς, был. Таким образом, перед нами первое упоминание «росов» в византийской литературе, не связанное непосредственно с описанием набега руси в 860 г. Это известие «Тактики» вписывается в совокупность текстов, содержащих упоминания Руси, конца IX – начала X в. Это — «Житие патриарха Игнатия» Никиты Давида Пафлагона, протограф 42 главы трактата «Об управлении империей» Константина VII Багрянородного, военно-канцелярские заметки о походах на Крит, вошедшие в трактат «О церемониях» Константина VII Багрянородного, сообщение хроники Псевдо-Симеона о «роса-дромитах». Можно говорить о небольшом, но вполне информативном комплексе известий о Руси и росах в текстах времени Льва VI Мудрого.
To Study the Effectiveness & Perception Towards Celebrity Endorsement Across all Customer Gender Group
Authors: Sharma Sonam , Kumar Dr. Pradeep 
Published: November 2024

Utilizing celebrity endorsement is a prevalent strategy in marketing. Notably, celebrities are currently featured in advertising, which has been a prevailing trend. This type of advertising has great potential since it attracts customers to the VIPs. They are overwhelmed by their mundane daily routine, hence they require guidelines and positive role models. The rationale behind employing celebrity brand ambassadors in advertising is to serve as a highly effective strategy for promoting businesses and goods. In the era of data and advertising, testimonials can capture consumers’ attention in marketing and enhance the perception of the marketed product. Their renown, glamour, grace, and charm are the reasons behind this. Hence, marketers are actively seeking renowned, influential, aesthetically pleasing, and optimistic testimonials to enhance a company’s reputation and promote its products. Celebrity brand ambassadors play a crucial part in the marketing and reputation of a company, as well as in the lives of customers. The daily routines and behavior of celebrities and the brands they endorse influence consumers’ mindsets and purchasing decisions. The objective of this study is to ascertain if celebrity endorsement is effective across all customer groups or if the perception of this marketing strategy varies based on individuals’ gender. Two consumer cohorts were surveyed regarding the impact of celebrity endorsements on their purchasing decisions and product demand. Recent findings indicate that there are still discernible disparities between male and female clients in their perception of celebrity endorsement. Each individual believes that advertising holds significance and occasionally alters their preferences based on a product’s promotional campaign. Women tend to have greater faith in celebrity brand endorsements and their influence on the promoted product compared to men, who aremore practical and hesitant about this phenomenon.
Probabilistic assessment of peak discharge and debris flow concentration in the Surma River using Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Majumdar Saurov Nandi , Anti Shawly Deb , Nury Ahmad Hasan , Al Sadee Md. Siam , Alam Md. Jahir Bin , Munna Gulam Md. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Rivers, vital for household and industrial needs, vary in size due to erosion and sedimentation and are significantly impacted by climate variations. Accurate estimation of river characteristics like discharge and debris flow concentration is essential for designing hydraulic systems in flood-prone areas. This study assesses these factors in the Surma River, located in Sylhet, Bangladesh, by using Monte Carlo simulation to reduce uncertainty. The simulation optimized the time of concentration against water level height. Peak discharge results for 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year return periods were 1,904.66, 2,174.77, 2,543.63, 2,846.72, and 3,124.25 m3/s, with corresponding debris flow concentrations (Cv) of 0.5499989, 0.5499976, 0.5499967, 0.5499940, and 0.5499147. During the monsoon season, the maximum peak discharge reached 5,095.58 m3/s with a Cv of 0.7886368. Model validation using the F test and R2 test demonstrated high accuracy, indicated by low mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE), along with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7097. The p-value from the F test (0.197852) indicated strong alignment between predicted and observed discharges. This study enhances understanding of flow dynamics, improves prediction precision, and underscores the importance of historical data in flood risk assessment.
Hydrogenation of Benzene and Toluene by a Ruthenium(II) Quinoxaline Schiff Base Complex as Catalyst
Authors: Arun Vasudevan 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
A four-coordinate ruthenium(II) quinoxaline Schiff base complex with formula [Ru2LCl2].H2O has been synthesized and characterized. The hydrogenation of benzene and toluene using this complex as a catalyst was studied in a semi-batch reactor.

Methods:
At 60ºC with 2.82 × 10–6 mol catalyst and 30 bar hydrogen pressure, turnover fre-quencies 7362 h−1 and 5873 h−1 have been found for the reduction of benzene (0.34 mol) and toluene (0.28 mol), respectively. i

Results:
Both partial and complete reduction occurs with more selectivity for the formation of completely reduced products. The initial rate approach was used to study the kinetics of benzene hydrogenation, and the reaction was discovered to be first order with regard to benzene and the catalyst, while following Michaelis-Menton kinetics with respect to dihydrogen

Conclusion:
This kinetic data proposed an intermediate hydride/dihydrogen complex as the catalytically active species which controls the overall hydrogenation rate.
The effectiveness of agroforestry on agricultural productivity and erosion control in Rwanda
Authors: Byiringiro Boniface , Akshay Ujjwal , Kayijuka Claude , Bharti Babita 
Published: November 2024

Agroforestry bridges the gap that often separates agriculture and forestry by building integrated systems that address both environmental and socio-economic objectives. Agroforestry can improve the resiliency of agricultural systems and mitigate the impacts of climate change. Existing research suggests that integrating trees on farms can prevent environmental degradation, improve agricultural productivity, increase carbon sequestration, generate cleaner water, and support healthy soil and healthy ecosystems while providing stable incomes and other benefits to human welfare. This research aims to provide for identifying and adopting the evidence demonstrating the effects of agroforestry practices and interventions on agricultural productivity, erosion control, ecosystem services, and human well-being.
To study the effectiveness of agroforestry on agricultural productivity and erosion control in Rwanda, raw data was collected with the aid of a questionnaire and focus groups. It was found that most farmers (95.6%) adopted and were fully engaged in agroforestry while all the officials made up to the mark. Woody species like Grevillea robusta, Cassia siamea, Albizia spp, Acacia albida, Persea americana, and Mangifera indica were found to be tree species the most integrated with crops in all the provinces of Rwanda. It was evident that farmers practice agroforestry to enhance the overall sustainability of farming systems by improving agricultural productivity and preventing erosion.
Immersive Virtual Reality for Health Promotion and Primary Prevention in Psychology: Scoping Review
Authors: Bonneterre Solenne , Zerhouni Oulmann , Boffo Marilisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool in health promotion and prevention psychology. Its ability to create immersive, engaging, and standardized environments offers unique opportunities for interventions and assessments. However, the scope of VR applications in this field remains unclear.

Objective
This scoping review aims to identify and map the applications of VR in health promotion and prevention psychology, focusing on its uses, outcomes, and challenges.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted across 3 electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus) for studies published between 2010 and 2024. Eligibility criteria included empirical studies using immersive VR for health promotion and prevention, while studies using nonimmersive VR, lacking health-related applications, or focusing on clinical interventions were excluded. The review followed PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, and 4295 records were initially identified, with 51 studies included after screening. Data were synthesized qualitatively to identify key applications, limitations, and emerging trends.

Results
VR was primarily used in three areas: (1) delivering interventions (eg, pilot testing, skills training), (2) exploring fundamental research questions, and (3) assessing outcomes such as behavioral or psychological responses. Although VR demonstrated potential for enhancing user engagement and replicating ecological scenarios, its effectiveness compared to nonimmersive methods varied. Most studies were pilot or feasibility studies with small, nonrepresentative samples, short follow-up periods, and limited methodological standardization.

Conclusions
VR offers a versatile and promising tool for health promotion and prevention but its applications are still in the early stages. The evidence is limited by methodological weaknesses and variability in outcomes. Future research should prioritize replication, longitudinal designs, and standardized methodologies to strengthen the evidence base and expand the applicability of VR interventions.
A Comparison of Patient and Provider Perspectives on an Electronic Health Record–Based Discharge Communication Tool: Survey Study
Authors: Wang Dorothy Yingxuan , Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Cheung Annie Wai-Ling , Tang Kam-Shing , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hospital discharge for older adult patients carries risks. Effective patient-provider communication is crucial for postacute care. Technology-based communication tools are promising in improving patient experience and outcomes. However, there is limited evidence comparing patient and provider user experiences on a large-scale basis, hindering the exploration of true patient-provider shared understanding.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate an electronic health record–based discharge communication tool by examining and comparing patient and provider perspectives.

Methods
This study comprised a cross-sectional self-administered staff survey and a pre-post cross-sectional patient survey. Physicians, nurses, and older adult patients aged 65 years and older discharged from 4 public hospitals were included. Patient-provider comparison items focused on 3 aspects of the design quality of the tool (information clarity, adequacy, and usefulness) and overall satisfaction with the tool. In addition, patients’ experience of discharge information and their medication-taking behaviors before and after the program implementation were compared based on a validated local patient experience survey instrument. Providers’ perceived usefulness of this tool to their work and implementation intentions were measured based on the technology acceptance model to enhance understanding of their experiences by conducting structural equation modeling analysis.

Results
A total of 1375 and 2353 valid responses were received from providers and patients, respectively. Patients’ overall satisfaction with this communication tool is significantly higher than providers’, and patients rated the information clarity and usefulness presented by this tool higher as well (P<.001). However, patients rated information adequacy significantly lower than providers (P<.001). Meanwhile, patients reported a significant improvement in their experience of discharge medication information, and fewer patients reported side effects encounters after the program implementation (126/1083, 11.6% vs 111/1235, 9%; P=.04). However, providers showed inconsistent implementation fidelity. Providers’ perceived quality of the tool design (β coefficient=0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.40) and perceived usefulness to their work (β coefficient=0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.71) significantly impacted their satisfaction. Satisfaction can significantly impact implementation intentions (β coefficient=0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.64), which further impacts implementation behaviors (β coefficient=0.16, 95% CI 0.10-0.23).

Conclusions
A notable disparity exists between patients and health care providers. This may hinder the achievement of the tool’s benefits. Future research should aim for a comprehensive overview of implementation barriers and corresponding strategies to enhance staff performance and facilitate patient-provider shared understanding.
User Outcomes for an App-Delivered Hypnosis Intervention for Menopausal Hot Flashes: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Scheffrahn Katherine , Hall Claire , Muñiz Vanessa , Elkins Gary 
Published: November 2024

Background
Hypnotherapy has been shown to be a safe, nonhormonal intervention effective for treating menopausal hot flashes. However, women experiencing hot flashes may face accessibility barriers to in-person hypnotherapy. To solve this issue, a smartphone app has been created to deliver hypnotherapy. The Evia app delivers audio-recorded hypnotherapy and has the potential to help individuals experiencing hot flashes.

Objective
This study aims to determine user outcomes in hot flash frequency and severity for users of the Evia app.

Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of a dataset of Evia app users. Participants were divided into 2 groups for analysis. The first group reported daytime hot flashes and night sweats, while the second group was asked to report only daytime hot flashes. The participants in the first group (daytime hot flashes and night sweats) were 139 women with ≥3 daily hot flashes who downloaded the Evia app between November 6, 2021, and June 9, 2022, with a baseline mean of 8.330 (SD 3.977) daily hot flashes. The participants in the second group (daytime hot flashes) were 271 women with ≥3 daily hot flashes who downloaded the Evia app between June 10, 2022, and February 5, 2024, with a baseline mean of 6.040 (SD 3.282) daily hot flashes. The Evia program included a 5-week program for all participants with daily tasks such as educational readings, hypnotic inductions, and daily hot-flash tracking. The app uses audio-recorded hypnosis and mental imagery for coolness, such as imagery for a cool breeze, snow, or calmness.

Results
A clinically significant reduction, defined as a 50% reduction, in daily hot flashes was experienced by 76.3% (106/139) of the women with hot flashes and night sweats and 56.8% (154/271) of the women with daily hot flashes from baseline to their last logged Evia app survey. On average, the women with hot flashes and night sweats experienced a reduction of 61.4% (SD 33.185%) in their hot flashes experienced at day and night while using the Evia app, and the women with daily hot flashes experienced a reduction of 45.2% (SD 42.567%) in their daytime hot flashes. In both groups, there was a large, statistically significant difference in the average number of daily hot flashes from baseline to end point (women with hot flashes and night sweats: Cohen d=1.28; t138=15.055; P<.001; women with daily hot flashes: Cohen d=0.82; t270=13.555; P<.001).

Conclusions
Hypnotherapy is an efficacious intervention for hot flashes, with the potential to improve women’s lives by reducing hot flashes without hormonal or pharmacological intervention. This study takes the first step in evaluating the efficacy of an app-delivered hypnosis intervention for menopausal hot flashes, demonstrating the Evia app provides a promising app delivery of hypnotherapy with potential to increase accessibility to hypnotherapy.