bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital Provider’s Perspectives on MOUD Initiation and Continuation After Inpatient Discharge
Authors: Shearer Riley , Englander Honora , Hagedorn Hildi , Fawole Adetayo , Laes JoAn , Titus Hope , Patten Alisa , Oot Emily , Appleton Noa , Fitzpatrick Amy , Kibben Roxanne , Fernando Jasmine , McNeely Jennifer , Gustafson Dave , Krawczyk Noa , Weinstein Zoe , Baukol Paulette , Ghitza Udi , Siegler Tracy , Bart Gavin , Bazzi Angela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Individuals with opioid use disorder have high rates of hospital admissions, which represent a critical opportunity to engage patients and initiate medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). However, few patients receive MOUD and, even if MOUD is initiated in the hospital, patients may encounter barriers to continuing MOUD in the community.

Objective
Describe hospital providers’ experiences and perspectives to inform initiatives and policies that support hospital-based MOUD initiation and continuation in community treatment programs.

Design
As part of a broader implementation study focused on inpatient MOUD (NCT#04921787), we conducted semi-structured interviews with hospital providers.

Participants
Fifty-seven hospital providers from 12 community hospitals.

Approach
Thematic analysis examined an emergent topic on challenges transitioning patients to outpatient MOUD treatment and related impacts on MOUD initiation by inpatient providers.

Key Results
Participants described structural barriers to transitioning hospitalized patients to continuing outpatient MOUD including (a) limited outpatient buprenorphine prescriber availability, (b) the siloed nature of addiction treatment, and (c) long wait times. As a result of observing these structural barriers, participants experienced a sense of futility that deterred them from initiating MOUD. Participants proposed strategies that could better support these patient transitions, including developing partnerships between hospitals and outpatient addiction treatment and supporting in-reach services from community providers.

Conclusions
We identified concerns about inadequate and inaccessible community-based care and transition pathways that discouraged hospital providers from prescribing MOUD. As hospital-based opioid treatment models continue to expand, programmatic and policy strategies to support inpatient transitions to outpatient addiction treatment are needed.

NCT Trial Number
04921787.
Student attrition in gender-atypical fields of study: a case of disapproval by parents and friends or lacking social integration?
Authors: Jusri Regina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn most industrialized countries, the choice of college majors is segregated by gender. Few students enroll in gender-atypical majors. Previous studies suggested that some attrition risks are associated with the gender composition of majors. In this paper, I investigated whether students in gender-atypical majors are more likely to leave the major by dropping out or switching to a different major with more same-sex students than those majoring in gender-typical subjects. Furthermore, I hypothesized that the relation between gender composition and non-completion risks is partially mediated by two social processes, namely poor social integration and disapproval of the major from parents and friends. Using data from undergraduate students from the German National Educational Panel Study, I conducted discrete-time survival analyses and a KHB decomposition. I found that both men and women in gender-atypical majors have a higher risk of switching to a major with a higher percentage of same-sex students than students in gender-typical majors. Women in gender-atypical majors also have a higher dropout risk. Poor social integration and disapproval of the major by parents and friends increase the switching risk and, in the case of social integration, also the dropout risk for all students. However, these two aspects cannot explain the higher attrition risk for students in gender-atypical majors, with one exception. Only for women in gender-atypical majors, lower approval of the major by friends partly mediates the association between the gender composition of the major and the risk of switching to a more female-dominated major.
Mast Cells and Mas-related G Protein-coupled Receptor X2: Itching for Novel Pathophysiological Insights to Clinical Relevance
Authors: Castells Mariana , Madden Michael , Oskeritzian Carole A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Clinical interest in non-IgE activation of mast cells has been growing since the description of the human MRGPRX2 receptor. Its participation in many allergic and inflammatory conditions such as non histaminergic itch, urticaria, asthma and drug hypersensitivity has been growing. We present here an updated review of its structure, expression and biology to help understand conditions and diseases attributed to its activation and/or overpexression and the search for agonists and antagonists of clinical utility.

Recent Findings
The description of patients presenting anaphylaxis when exposed to one or multiple MRGPRX2 agonists such as general anesthetics, antibiotics, opiods and other agents has provided evidence of potential heterogeneity in humans.

Summary
This review provides the most recent developments into the receptor structure, tissue expression and signaling pathways including the potential enhancement of IgE-mediated mast cell activation. New insight into its agonists and antagonists is described and future developments to adress its modulations.
Sclerite ray canals in the Cambrian coeloscleritophoran Chancelloria from North Greenland (Laurentia)
Authors: Peel John S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA sclerite of Chancelloria from the Henson Gletscher Formation (Cambrian Stage 4) of North Greenland preserves phosphatised central ray canals within the sclerite rays, confirming the extension of epithelial tissue into the sclerite interior. The canals fill the basal foramina and extend as thin central tubes within the lumen towards the apex of the individual rays, developing longitudinal ridges distally. In general terms they resemble the robust central canal of Sinosachites (= Thambetolepis), although the leaf-like sclerites of this halkieriid develop an extensive pattern of lateral canals and tubules not seen in the conical rays of Chancelloria. This internal similarity between chancelloriid and halkieriid calcareous sclerites adds support to the notion that coeloscleritophores are a paraphyletic group in which parallel episodes of calcareous mineralisation of pre-bilaterian and bilaterian coeloscleritophoran stocks took place in the early Cambrian from a sclerotised but non-mineralised, chancelloriid-like, eumetazoan ancestor.
Biochemical characterization of abnormally softened sardine “soggy meat” during the spring spawning migration
Authors: Ito Mayu , Noda Ryouga , Honda Sigetaka , Matsuoka Yukari , Igura Ruki , Ueda Himawari , Kinoshita Kana , Yamashita Michiaki , Inoue Masayuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract“Soggy meat”, which is abnormally softened crushed sardine meat, is often detected in canned sardines seasoned with tomato chili sauce. As soggy meat represents lysed and decomposed tissue, we examined protease activity in the sardine meat during the spawning season. Abnormally soft sardine meat is often found in canned sardine meat from fish caught during the spring and landed at Choshi Fishing Port in Japan, located on the Pacific Ocean. We measured cathepsin L activity in the muscle and protein, lipid, and moisture, as well as the trace elemental concentrations. High cathepsin L activity was detected in February and March during the Pacific sardine spawning season. In addition, 4 of 20 fish had extremely high protease activity of more than 30 units/g. Cathepsin L activity in the muscle was negatively correlated with selenium, protein, and lipid concentrations, indicating that sardines in the spring were starving during their spawning migration. Therefore, starved physiological conditions during the spawning season may be responsible for soggy meat.
Simulation of wheat water footprint using AquaCrop model under the climate change, case study in Qazvin plain
Authors: Ahmadi Mojgan , Etedali Hadi Ramezani , Salem Ali , Al-Mukhtar Mustafa , Elbeltagi Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSimulating crop water consumption has been introduced as a valuable decision tool in food security. Such a tool is typically used to support a better understanding of how to increase water-use efficiency to satisfy optimal water management and sustainability. However, climate change is one of the most important and influential factors that restrain sustainable development, agriculture, and food security. Wheat is one of the most important and strategic products in the world and Iran. Therefore, in this study, the impacts of future climate changes on winter wheat yield, water requirement (WR), evapotranspiration (ET), and water footprint (WF) were evaluated in Qazvin Plain, Iran. As such, the outputs from five general circulation models (EC-EARTH, GFDL-CM3, MPI-ESM-MR, MIROC5, and HADGEM2-ES) were fed into the LARS-WG model to get finer spatial climate data for four future periods (P1:2021–2040, P2:2041–2060, P3:2061–2080, P4:2081–2100) considering three emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5). Thereafter, the projected climate change data were used in the FAO AquaCrop model to simulate the variability of wheat characteristics. The results proved the superiority of LARS-WG to model the maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation (P) of the baseline scenario (1986–2015). Moreover, results revealed that the wheat WF will decrease in future periods. The modeling results showed that the average wheat yield and biomass will increase in future periods by 7.67 and 15.98 tons/ha, respectively, as compared to the baseline. The highest increase was recorded by the HadGEM2-ES model with RCP8.5 during 2081–2100. The average WR in the baseline was 127.14 mm, which was projected to decrease in future periods. The results show that ET will potentially increase in the period 2021–2040. As a consequence, the adapted methodology produced significantly superior outcomes and can aid in decision-making for both water managers and development planners.
Controlling stormwater at the source: dawn of a new era in integrated water resources management
Authors: Siphambe Tebogo Vivian , Ahana Bayongwa Samuel , Aliyu Abdurrahman , Tiwangye Amans , Fomena-Tchinda Hermann , Tchouandem-Nzali Coretta , Mwamila Tulinave Burton , Nya Esther Laurentine , Abdelbaki Chérifa , Gwenzi Willis , Noubactep Chicgoua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPublished results on rainwater management systems revealed a lack of holistic science-based design principles. A new approach to rainwater management is proposed. Its necessity and feasibility are discussed. It is demonstrated that quantitatively harvesting rainfall and infiltrating a fraction should be mandatory. Thus, the primary site-specific parameter is the intensity of rainfall. Clearly, rainwater should be harvested and used everywhere as a valuable resource. Under arid semi-arid conditions large tanks maximize water storage for the long dry season while under humid conditions the same helps to minimize the frequency of emptying to avoid flooding. The new approach separates rainwater (and stormwater) from sewage and has the potential to maintain the natural hydrological cycle in urban areas despite urbanization. In already crowded slums, rainwater harvesting (RWH) can also be used to restore the hydrological cycle. The new approach advocates for decentralized RWH infrastructures to harvest, infiltrate, and store rainwater in individual residences, while piping overflows to semi-centralized cluster-scale tanks. Rooting integrated water resource management on RWH appears to be the missing puzzle in: (i) restoring the natural hydrological cycle where it has been disturbed (landscape restoration), (ii) avoiding flooding, and (i) mitigating soil erosion. This is essential for sustainable development.
A generalization of modified $$\alpha $$-Bernstein operators and its related estimations and errors
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Goyal Meenu , Ansari Khursheed J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the present article, we introduce a novel generalization of modified Bernstein operators which is again a positive linear operator. We show the necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of these operators. We also study some other approximation properties of these operators using standard tools of approximation theory.
Effect of silane-doped argon shielding gases for gas metal arc welding of S355
Authors: Treutler Kai , Neef Philipp , Wesling Volker 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe welding of steel grades relies primarily on the interaction of the weld metal with doped oxygen components of the shielding gas. This mainly serves to decrease the viscosity and reduce the surface tension of the melt in order to achieve an adjusted material transition. Interference with the ambient atmosphere is undesirable in this context. In order to prevent material-related changes in the microstructure, slag initiators are admixed which promote the precipitation of low-density oxides on the weld seam surface. Manufacturing technology is increasingly striving to eliminate the interaction of atmospheric oxygen in the production process. It is primarily intended to counteract the negative effects of oxygen during manufacturing. For this objective, silane-doped gases for subtractive manufacturing processes and additive manufacturing via the PBF-LB/M process have been considered. Small amounts of silane in conventional inert shielding gases allow partial pressures of oxygen that are comparable to a high vacuum. In the scope of this publication on investigations for welding applications, blind welds on S355 substrate plates were performed using G3Si1 filler material. In addition to the recommended M21, an argon shielding gas with 1.5% silane doping and argon 4.6 are applied for welding. Apart from the observation of the resulting energy input, the weld seams are metallographically characterized. For this purpose, the formation of silicates on the weld seam surface and the development of the weld seam within the base material are investigated. The volume of the weld seam is reduced as a result of the silane doping compared to the M21 application. The composition of the weld metal is significantly influenced by the silane content, leading to an increased manganese content in particular. The silane doping results in an intensified formation of an acicular bainitic structure and an accompanying hardening within the weld metal.
The Scale Goes Up, the Joy Goes Down? Investigating the Causal Effect of Body Weight on Happiness
Authors: Bittmann Felix 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOverweight and obesity represent significant public health challenges in many contemporary Western societies. In countries such as Germany, the majority of the population is classified as overweight. While being overweight is well-documented as a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, the relationship between overweight status and happiness remains less clear. This study investigates the impact of overweight and obesity on happiness, utilizing large-scale German panel data (N = 8,815) collected across ten survey waves. Employing fixed-effects regression models that account for relevant time-varying confounders—such as age, health, and employment status—I estimate the causal effect of body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overweight on happiness. The results indicate that being overweight, whether BMI is treated as a continuous or categorical variable, does not have a negative impact on happiness. These findings hold across both genders and all age groups. In some models or subgroups, even small positive associations between weight gain and happiness are observed, despite the exclusion of underweight individuals from the analyses. Further validation is provided by a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM), which corroborates the initial findings and offers additional insights into the temporal dynamics of this relationship.
Multi-branch convolutional neural network in building polygonization using remote sensing images
Authors: Xu Yajin , Schuegraf Philipp , Bittner Ksenia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Building extraction and polygonization is important for urban studies, such as urbanization monitoring, urban planning. Remote sensing images, especially in RGB bands, provide sufficient semantic information which is useful for the task of building extraction and polygonization. Deep learning using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is proven to be successful in many fields, including building extraction from remote sensing images. In this paper, we propose a two-stage method to solve the task of building polygonization from remote sensing images based on deep learning. Firstly, we decompose a 2‑D building footprint model into three basic geometry primitives. Leveraging stacked Multi-Branch Modules (MBMs), we separate the task of building extraction into tasks of predicting the three geometry primitives using our proposed CNN. At the second stage, we propose an efficient enhanced building polygonization and adjustment algorithm to generate the final building polygons. This algorithm is able to handle both building blocks and individual buildings. We evaluate our model on three open datasets. For building blocks, our model achieved average precision of 62.7% and average recall of 73.6% on the CrowdAI mapping challenge dataset, and 13.9% and 24.4% respectively on the Urban Building Classification (UBC) dataset which contains mainly individual buildings. On the Inria aerial image dataset, the proposed method achieved Intersection over Union (IoU) over 71%.
An Analysis of UK Households’ Directional Forecasts of Interest Rates
Authors: Kladívko Kamil , Österholm Pär 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate the directional interest-rate forecasts of UK households from the Bank of England’s Inflation Attitudes Survey. Employing a test for directional forecast accuracy and data on the survey balance ranging from 1999Q4 to 2023Q2, we find that the balance is not able to predict in which direction the interest rate will move over the coming year. In addition, regression models based on the balance are not able to generate forecasts for the quantitative change in the interest rate over the coming twelve months that have higher precision than a naïve forecast of no change. In order to provide information as to whether our findings are due to the inherent difficulty when it comes to forecasting interest rates or if households are not very insightful regarding interest rates, we investigate – again using data on the survey balance and testing for directional accuracy – whether households have been able to correctly assess the directional change of the interest rate over the previous twelve months; our results indicate some amount of “literacy” among the households regarding the interest rates that they face. Finally, analyses based on individual-response level data suggest that literacy regarding interest rates – proxied by the respondent having been correct regarding the directional change over the previous twelve months – does not appear helpful when forecasting.
A value driven framework for cybersecurity innovation in transportation and infrastructure
Authors: Alevizos Lampis , Bhakuni Lalit , Jäschke Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a value-driven cybersecurity innovation framework for the transportation and infrastructure sectors, as opposed to the traditional market-centric approaches that have dominated the field. Recontextualizing innovation categories into sustaining, incremental, disruptive, and transformative, we aim to foster a culture of self-innovation within organizations, enabling a strategic focus on cybersecurity measures that directly contribute to business value and strategic goals. This approach enhances operational effectiveness and efficiency of cyber defences primarily, while also aligns cybersecurity initiatives with mission-critical objectives. We detail a practical method for evaluating the business value of cybersecurity innovations and present a pragmatic approach for organizations to funnel innovative ideas in a structured and repeatable manner. Lastly, shifting the focus from general market appeal to sector-specific needs, our framework provides cybersecurity leaders with the strategic cyber-foresight necessary for prioritizing impactful initiatives, thereby making cybersecurity a core business enabler rather than a burden.
War of skeleton defense: the protection of bone in the process of tumor treatment
Authors: Xu Meng , Tang Peifu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBone health and maintenance of integrity are essential aspects for cancer patients receiving comprehensive treatment. With the breakthrough in different cancer therapies, the number of long-term cancer survivors is rapidly expanding. At the same time, the bone health issues are gradually becoming more serious. This commentary aims to summarize the bone damage derived from tumor itself, cancer bone metastases and cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, immune therapy and to highlight strategies for protecting the skeleton.
Policy paper: interventions for sustainable millet production in Sudan
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Mahgoub , Daoud Mahmoud Adam , Ibrahim Muntaser Eltybe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research delves into the sustainability of millet production and its impact on food security in Sudan, particularly in the Darfur states, examining challenges faced by producers and the overall contribution of millet to food security and poverty alleviation. It also provides a comparative analysis of millet production and trade in several countries, shedding light on challenges and opportunities within the industry. The study proposes strategies to address challenges such as climate change, limited access to inputs and technology, and insufficient infrastructure, aiming to inform policymakers and stakeholders and contribute to the development of sustainable and profitable millet production in Sudan. Additionally, a collection of articles explores various aspects of millet production, consumption, and its impact on sustainable peace, community development, and food security, offering valuable perspectives for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders. Furthermore, a comprehensive policy paper outlines a set of policy options aimed at promoting millet cultivation, processing, and consumption to enhance food security, economic viability, and sustainable agriculture, providing a holistic framework for addressing the multifaceted aspects of millet production and consumption in Sudan.