bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Medical Costs, Health Care Use, and Labor Productivity Among People With Hypertension
Authors: Lee Jun Soo , Segura Escano Raul , Therrien Nicole L. , Kumar Ashutosh , Bhatt Ami , Pollack Lisa M. , Jackson Sandra L. , Luo Feijun 
Published: November 2024

Background
Hypertension affects nearly half of US adults yet remains inadequately controlled in over three‐quarters of these cases. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to antihypertensive medications and total medical costs, health care use, and productivity‐related outcomes.

Methods and Results
We conducted cross‐sectional analyses using MarketScan databases, which included individuals aged 18 to 64 years with noncapitated health insurance plans in 2019. Adherence was defined as ≥80% medication possession ratio for prescribed antihypertensive medications. We used a generalized linear model to estimate total medical costs, a negative binomial model to estimate health care use (emergency department visits and inpatient admissions), an exponential hurdle model to estimate productivity‐related outcomes (number of sick absences, short‐term disability, long‐term disability), and a 2‐part model to estimate productivity‐related costs in 2019 US dollars. All models were adjusted for age, sex, urbanicity, census region, and comorbidities. We reported average marginal effects for outcomes related to antihypertensive medication adherence. Among 379 503 individuals with hypertension in 2019, 54.4% adhered to antihypertensives. Per person, antihypertensive medication adherence was associated with $1441 lower total medical costs, $11 lower sick absence costs, $291 lower short‐term disability costs, and $69 lower long‐term disability costs. Per 1000 individuals, medication adherence was associated with lower health care use, including 200 fewer emergency department visits and 90 fewer inpatient admissions, and productivity‐related outcomes, including 20 fewer sick absence days and 442 fewer short‐term disability days.

Conclusions
Adherence to antihypertensives was consistently associated with lower total medical costs, reduced health care use, and improved productivity‐related outcomes.
The Efficacy of Red Flag Warnings in Mitigating Human-Caused Wildfires across the Western United States
Authors: Abatzoglou J. T. , Fleishman E. , Williams E. L. , Rupp D. E. , Jenkins J. S. , Sadegh M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Red flag warnings (RFWs) are issued by the U.S. National Weather Service to alert fire and emergency response agencies of weather conditions that are conducive to extreme wildfire growth. Distinct from most weather warnings that aim to reduce exposure to anticipated hazards, RFWs may also mitigate hazards by reducing the occurrence of new ignitions. We examined the efficacy of RFWs as a means of limiting human-caused wildfire ignitions. From 2006 to 2020, approximately 8% of wildfires across the western United States and 19% of large wildfires (≥40 ha) occurred on days with RFWs. Although the occurrence of both lightning- and human-caused wildfires was elevated on RFW days compared to adjacent days without RFWs, we found evidence that modification of short-term behavioral choices on RFW days may reduce the number of certain human-caused ignitions (e.g., debris burning). By contrast, there is limited historical evidence that RFWs reduce the number of ignitions caused by habitual behaviors (e.g., smoking) or infrastructure (e.g., power lines). Furthermore, the conditional probability of a human-caused wildfire becoming a large wildfire was 33% greater on days with RFWs, underscoring the value of wildfire prevention on these days. While RFWs are helpful in certain cases, our results suggest that their efficacy as a wildfire prevention measure has been somewhat limited in the western United States. As the biophysical wildfire potential and the density of people living in wildfire-prone areas increase, so do the benefits of improved wildfire early warning systems that complement other wildfire mitigation and adaptation efforts.
Impact of Long COVID symptoms on individuals in Hong Kong: Implications for occupational therapy practices
Authors: Tsui Chi-man , Chan Sze-chit , Lam Ling-fung , Lam Man-kit Jadon , Lee Tsz-yan , Leung Kelly 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: From occupational therapy perspective, this study investigates the nature and impact of Long COVID symptoms on individuals in Hong Kong according to their gender, age, and occupation and to understand their treatment needs Method: A total of 193 participants with an acute COVID-19 episode 3 months ago and having recovered from it who were experiencing subjective symptoms of Long COVID were recruited through snowball sampling from local COVID-19 support groups and healthcare facilities to participate in a cross-sectional design via an online survey assessing their symptoms and the impact on daily activities, and exploring their treatment preferences. Findings: Respiratory, systemic, sleep, and cognitive symptoms were found to be the most prevalent, with significant variations in symptom severity and impact on daily life across different age and occupational status groups. The treatment preference was quite strongly inclined to traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion: This study has uncovered the critical and yet recognized roles of occupational therapy in managing Long COVID impact by identifying the potential gaps of occupational therapy in its management and calling for advocating promotion in the community and interdisciplinary collaboration with traditional Chinese medicine. Implications about occupational therapy management and the healthcare policies for tailoring treatment programs are discussed.
Collective Housing Tenure in Global Perspective: Articulations across the South/North Divide
Authors: Shelby Hayden 
Published: November 2024

Though rich literatures exist on housing models using collective tenure in both the Global South and Global North, research across these geographies is rarely in the same scholarly conversation, and the field uses a variety of imprecise keywords. I put forward “collective housing tenure” as a global keyword to describe this family of programs. I outline the institutional forms of several models around the world, the theoretical frameworks scholars employ to understand them, and findings emerging from empirical research. I find several articulations between the models across South-North geographies, which invites further investigations into collective housing tenure as a traveling policy.
Decompressive craniectomy versus craniotomy for acute subdural hematoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis with an adjusted subgroup analysis
Authors: Ali Syed Hasham , Tharwani Zoaib Habib , Siddiqui Asad Ali , Iqbal Fizza , Sadiq Mahnoor , Abdullah Ali , Khalid Abdullah , Ansari Huzaifa Ul Haq , Usman Muhammad , Qazi Shurjeel Uddin , Munaf Uzair , Haque Ibtehaj Ul , Marsia Shayan 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Acute subdural hematomas are major causes of morbidity which warrant immediate treatment. If surgical intervention is warranted, craniotomy (CO) and decompressive craniectomy (DC) are employed, largely based on a loosely defined criteria and the neurosurgeon’s best judgment. The primacy of one approach over another is a matter of dispute. Objective We attempt to further clarify any advantages in the two techniques, and include a propensity score matched (PSM) subgroup analysis to eliminate bias. Design This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data Sources and Methods A literature review was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar from inception to September 2023. 15 studies were extracted, and three outcomes were meta-analyzed: Mortality, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores and patients undergoing re-operations/revisions. Odds Ratios (OR) and Mean Difference (MD) were used in dichotomous and continuous variables respectively. PSM data was used wherever possible. A subgroup analysis was conducted with 5 PSM studies and a trial. Heterogeneity was addressed if above 40% and the P-value is significant (≤ .05). Results A total of 15 studies were meta-analyzed with a total of 2327 and 2171 patients undergoing CO and DC respectively. Patients undergoing DC had a significantly worse GOS 5 outcome (OR: .63 [95% CI: .45-.87]; P = .005; I2 = 0%) and higher mortality (OR: 1.58 [95% CI: 1.20-2.08]; P = .001; I2 = 67%). In subgroup analysis of adjusted studies, DC still had significantly higher mortality. (OR: 1.50 [95% CI: 1.03-2.18]; P = .001; I2 = 83%). Conclusions This meta-analysis determines that CO is more viable than DC as a surgical option due to its less invasive nature. DC can be employed, albeit under strict preprocedural patient selection and for highly specific indications.
Compound 7 regulates microglia polarization and attenuates radiation-induced myelopathy via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro studies
Authors: Wu Han , Wu Jianping , Jiang Jianzhuo , Qian Zeyu , Yang Shuang , Sun Yanze , Cui Hongxia , Li Shengwen , Zhang Peng , Zhou Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiation-induced myelopathy (RM) is a significant complication of radiotherapy with its mechanisms still not fully understood and lacking effective treatments. Compound 7 (C7) is a newly identified, potent, and selective inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction. This study aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of C7 on RM in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
Western blotting, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial polarization, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, genetic editing techniques, locomotor functions, and tissue staining were employed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of C7 in radiation-induced primary rat microglia and BV2 cells, as well as RM rat models.

Results
In this study, we found that C7 inhibited the production of pro-inflammation cytokines and oxidative stress induced by irradiation in vitro. Further, the data revealed that radiation worsened the locomotor functions in rats, and C7 significantly improved histological and functional recovery in RM rats. Mechanically, C7 activated Nrf2 signaling and promoted the microglia transformation from M1 to M2 phenotype.

Conclusion
C7 could ameliorate RM by boosting Nrf2 signaling and promoting M2 phenotype microglia polarization in vitro and in vivo.
Effect of intravitreal injection of anti-interleukin (IL)-6 antibody in experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice
Authors: Hösel Kristin , Chasan Büsra , Tode Jan , Rose-John Stefan , Roider Johann Baptist , Ehlken Christoph 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the functional and clinical impact of intravitreal administration of a neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody in the treatment of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in mice.

Methods
EAU was induced in 17 female B10.RIII mice by administering Inter-Photoreceptor-Binding-Protein (IRBP) in complete Freund’s adjuvant, followed by a boost with Pertussis toxin. Intravitreal injections of anti-Interleukin (IL)-6 antibody were administered on days 10, 13, and 16 after EAU induction (day 0) into the randomized treatment eye, with an isotype antibody similarly injected into the fellow control eye. Visual acuity was assessed using the optomotor reflex via OptoDrum, and clinical scoring was performed via fundus imaging (utilizing 6 EAU grades) in a single-blinded manner on days 0, 10, 13, 16, and 18.

Results
Uveitis developed in all 17 mice. Significantly higher visual acuity was observed in treated eyes compared to control eyes on days 13, 16, and 18. The most pronounced effect was noted on days 16 and 18 (p < 0.001). On days 13, 16, and 18 the number of eyes with lower EAU-score was significantly higher in the treatment group, with the most notable effect observed on day 18 (p < 0.003).

Conclusion
Intravitreal administration of anti-IL-6 treatment notably mitigates experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice, both functionally and clinically. Further investigations are warranted to assess the potential of intravitreal anti-IL-6 therapy as a treatment option for non-infectious uveitis in humans.
Closed-incision negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in elderly patients following sacral pressure sore reconstruction
Authors: Jeong Ji Won , Lee Seungkeun , Park Jun Ho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Pressure sores significantly affect elderly patients, with the sacrum being especially vulnerable, often due to its proximity to the anus and potential for fecal contamination. Despite preventive measures such as frequent repositioning and specialized cushions, some sores still necessitate surgical intervention. Postoperative care focuses on monitoring, hygiene, and pressure alleviation. This study assessed the efficacy of Closed-Incision Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (CI-NPWT) for postoperative wound management in patients with sacral pressure sores treated with local flaps.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on sacral sore patients who underwent reconstructive surgery from March 2019 through April 2023. Surgical procedures involved debridement and wound coverage using gluteal artery perforator-based fasciocutaneous flaps, followed by postoperative monitoring. Patients were grouped into conventional monitoring or NPWT management, with the latter utilizing the INFOV.A.C. The therapy unit was calibrated to 125 mmHg. Data on patient demographics, flap metrics, fluid drainage amounts, and six-month postoperative outcomes were collected, and then analyzed with SPSS Statistics.

Results
In this study of 52 patients with sacral pressure sores, the NPWT group (n = 25) showed significantly fewer flap complications and a lower drainage volume on the seventh postoperative day (mean 17.2 cc) compared to the conventional dressing group (mean 27.8 cc, P < 0.05). No postoperative complications were observed in the NPWT group, whereas the conventional group (n = 27) experienced one infection and three cases of dehiscence. Both groups achieved a 100% flap survival rate.

Conclusion
Closed-incision negative pressure wound therapy (CI-NPWT) shows promise in reducing wound dehiscence and infection rates in elderly patients undergoing sacral pressure sore reconstruction with local flaps. However, further research with larger, randomized studies is needed to confirm its effectiveness as an alternative to conventional postoperative care.
Trial registration.
The study was retrospectively registered by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center (No. 20–2023–25, Date: Mar. 24 2023).
Letter to Editor: a giant peritoneal loose body in the pelvic cavity
Authors: Wu Ke , Wang Qiu-Ling , Ren Wei , Guo Wu-Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A response to the case report by Zhang et al. and supplement another case of giant peritoneal loose body discovered due to abdominal pain. A 68-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain. CT revealed an ovoid mass in the pelvis measuring approximately 11.5 × 8.6 × 7.4 cm. During laparotomy, yellowish-white mass was identified within the pelvis. Histological examination revealed that the mass was hyalinized fibrous connective tissue with focal calcification. We report an extremely rare and interesting case.
Using normalisation process theory (NPT) to explore implementation of the maternal perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) policy in Uganda: a reflection
Authors: Walugembe David Roger , Plamondon Katrina , Kaharuza Frank , Waiswa Peter , Wylie Lloy , Wathen Nadine , Kothari Anita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The implementation of the maternal perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) policy is among the envisaged strategies to reduce the high global burden of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. However, implementation of this policy across various contexts is inconsistent. Theoretically informed approaches to process evaluation can support assessment the implementation of policy interventions such as MPDSR, particularly in understanding what the actors involved actually do. In this article, we reflect on how the normalisation process theory (NPT) was used to explore implementation of the MPDSR policy in Uganda. NPT is a sociological theory concerned with the social organisation of the work (implementation) of making practices routine elements of everyday life (embedding) and of sustaining embedded practices in their social contexts (integration).

Methods
This qualitative multiple case study conducted across eight districts in Uganda and among 10 health facilities (cases) representing four out of the seven levels of the Uganda health care system. NPT was utilised in several ways including informing the study design, structuring the data collection tools (semi-structured interview guides), providing an organising framework for analysis, interpreting and reporting of study findings as well as making recommendations. Study participants were purposely selected to reflect the range of actors involved in the policy implementation process. This included direct care providers located at each of the cases, the Ministry of Health and from agencies and professional associations. Data were collected using semi-structured, in-depth interviews and were inductively and deductively analysed using NPT constructs and subconstructs.

Results and conclusion
NPT served useful for process evaluation, particularly in identifying factors that contribute to variations in policy implementation. Considering the NPT focus on the agency of people involved in implementation, additional efforts are required to understand how recipients of the policy intervention influence how the intervention becomes embedded within the various contexts.
Regulation of ADAM10 activity through microdomain-dependent intracellular calcium changes
Authors: Gharzia Federico Guillermo , Aljohmani Ahmad , Beck Andreas , Philipp Stephan E. , Yildiz Daniela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) are transmembrane proteases that cleave other proteins close to the surface in a process called shedding. The prominent member ADAM10 has been linked to several pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, bacterial infection, cancer development and metastasis. Although the regulation of the ADAM10 activity by calcium influx and calmodulin inhibition has been reported, the spatiotemporal regulation of Ca2+-dependent ADAM10 activation and the required source of Ca2+ ions have not been thoroughly studied. In the present study, we observed the rapid Ca2+-dependent activation of ADAM10 in A549 lung carcinoma cells upon stimulation with ionomycin. The calmodulin-inhibitors trifluoperazine and ophiobolin A mediated delayed activation of ADAM10, which apparently did not depend on intracellular Ca2+ in the case of trifluoperazine. Furthermore, the surface translocation and release of ADAM10 in extracellular vesicles exhibited different kinetics and were only partially linked to catalytic activation. Finally, ADAM10 activation was observed after the entry of Ca2+ through certain channels, such as canonical members of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Therefore, the opening of particular channels for Ca2+ entry points and subsequent Ca2+ flux as well as the temporal aspects of the consequent increase in Ca2+ levels, must be considered for future therapeutic options involving the increasing or decreasing ADAM10 activity.
High level of aneuploidy and recurrent loss of chromosome 11 as relevant features of somatotroph pituitary tumors
Authors: Rymuza Julia , Kober Paulina , Maksymowicz Maria , Nyc Aleksandra , Mossakowska Beata J. , Woroniecka Renata , Maławska Natalia , Grygalewicz Beata , Baluszek Szymon , Zieliński Grzegorz , Kunicki Jacek , Bujko Mateusz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Somatotroph neuroendocrine pituitary tumors (sPitNET) are a subtype of pituitary tumors that commonly cause acromegaly. Our study aimed to determine the spectrum of DNA copy number abnormalities (CNAs) in sPitNETs and their relevance.

Methods
A landscape of CNAs in sPitNETs was determined using combined whole-genome approaches involving low-pass whole genome sequencing and SNP microarrays. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used for microscopic validation of CNAs. The tumors were also subjected to transcriptome and DNA methylation analyses with RNAseq and microarrays, respectively.

Results
We observed a wide spectrum of cytogenetic changes ranging from multiple deletions, recurrent chromosome 11 loss, stable genomes, to duplication of the majority of the chromosomes. The identified CNAs were confirmed with FISH. sPitNETs with multiple duplications were characterized by intratumoral heterogeneity in chromosome number variation in individual tumor cells, as determined with FISH. These tumors were separate CNA-related sPitNET subtype in clustering analyses with CNA signature specific for whole genome doubling-related etiology. This subtype encompassed GNAS-wild type, mostly densely granulated tumors with favorable expression level of known prognosis-related genes, notably enriched with POUF1/NR5A1-double positive PitNETs. Chromosomal deletions in sPitNETs are functionally relevant. They occurred in gene-dense DNA regions and were related to genes downregulation and increased DNA methylation in the CpG island and promoter regions in the affected regions. Recurrent loss of chromosome 11 was reflected by lowered MEN1 and AIP. No such unequivocal relevance was found for chromosomal gains. Comparisons of transcriptomes of selected most cytogenetically stable sPitNETs with tumors with recurrent loss of chromosome 11 showed upregulation of processes related to gene dosage compensation mechanism in tumors with deletion. Comparison of stable tumors with those with multiple duplications showed upregulation of processes related to mitotic spindle, DNA repair, and chromatin organization. Both comparisons showed upregulation of the processes related to immune infiltration in cytogenetically stable tumors and deconvolution of DNA methylation data indicated a higher content of specified immune cells and lower tumor purity in these tumors.

Conclusions
sPitNETs fall into three relevant cytogenetic groups: highly aneuploid tumors characterized by known prognostically favorable features and low aneuploidy tumors including specific subtype with chromosome 11 loss.