bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enseñanza de la colocación basada en la analogía del inglés
Authors: Tsutahara Ryo 
Published: July 2019

Resumen: En este trabajo, empezamos por defender la importancia del conocimiento de colocaciones para los estudiantes de ELE. La falta del conocimiento puede provocar frases que pueden ser gramaticalmente correctas pero poco naturales como lluvia pesada. Aprendiendo colocaciones se amplía el vocabulario y se mejora la capacidad de expresión. Sin embargo, en cada lengua existen numerosas palabras que forman una gran cantidad de colocaciones, por lo que es provechoso buscar una estrategia que facilite el aprendizaje de estas. Considerando que la analogía que existe entre el español y el inglés ayuda a mejorar la enseñanza de la colocación, hemos establecido un material docente basado en esta analogía. El segundo objetivo de este trabajo es presentar este material y sus particularidades. También mostraremos los datos que justifican la eficacia de nuestra estrategia, datos que indican que la mayoría de las colocaciones en español y sus correspondientes en inglés son léxicamente paralelas.Palabras claves: colocación, inglés, comparación, material docente, corpus Abstract: In this paper, at first, I will try to show the importance of the knowledge of collocations for ELE students. Insufficient knowledge of collocations may cause phrases that can be grammatically correct but sound strange like lluvia pesada. By learning collocations, the students can expand their vocabulary and improve their capacity of expression. Therefore, it is useful to develop a strategy to facilitate the learning of collocations. I think that the parallels between Spanish and English could improve the teaching of collocations and I have established teaching materials based on this analogy. The second objective of this paper is to present it and show the distinctive feature of these materials. I will also show data that support the validity of the strategy, the data that indicate that the majority of the collocations in Spanish and the corresponding ones in English are lexically parallel. Keywords: Collocation, English, comparison, teaching materials, corpus
Recursos mediáticos en la práctica educativa de E/LE en la Universidad de Relaciones Internacionales de Moscú (MGIMO)
Authors: Yakovleva Victoria , Vereshchinskaya Yulia 
Published: July 2019

Resumen: Este trabajo está dedicado a compartir la experiencia de la práctica didáctica del uso de los recursos mediáticos en clase de E/LE. Analizamos la eficacia de tipos de materiales audiovisuales en la aplicación al proceso educativo tanto en el marco del curso general de los niveles A1-A2, B1-B2, como en el marco del español con fines específicos (B2-C1). En este trabajo exponemos las técnicas utilizadas en la MGIMO con apoyo de recursos mediáticos como uno de los mejores métodos para transmitir la lengua en un contexto real, explorando sus peculiaridades lingüísticas y extralingüísticas.Palabras clave: texto mediático, recursos audiovisuales, medios de comunicación, Español con Fines Específicos, competencias auditivas. Abstract: This work is dedicated to share our educative practice experience in the use of media resources in the SFL. We analyze the efficiency of types of audiovisual materials in their didactic and pedagogical implications in the general course A1-A2, B1-B2 as well as in the course of Spanish For Specific Purposes (B2-C1). We expose the methodology of application of such instruments at the MGIMO University as one of the best methods to transmit the language in the real context with exploring of its linguistic and extra linguistic peculiarities.Key words: mediatext, audiovisual resources, mass media, Spanish For Specific Purposes, listening skills.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphism at long non-coding RNA 8138.1 with duration of fertility in egg-laying hens
Authors: Adetula Adeyinka Abiola , Azmal Syed Ali , Sun Chenghao , Elokil Abdelmotaleb , Li Shijun 
Published: July 2019

A previous genome-wide transcriptional analysis identified long non-coding RNA 8138.1 (lncRNA8138.1) as a candidate gene related to hen duration of the fertility (DF) trait.LncRNA8138.1gene response to growth factor and reproductive system development suggests it has a vital role in reproduction. In this study, we investigated thelncRNA8138.1gene sequence in a population of egg-laying hens. The sequence analysis of thelncRNA8138.1gene containing about 1.6 k nucleotides (nt) was observed with four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 7 nt indel including r.4937159A > G; r.4937219T > C; r.4937258G > C; r.4937318C > G and g.4937319_4937325delinsTGTGTGG. Next, the genomic DNAs from laying hen populations were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to detect a region of 457 bp carryinglncRNA8138.1r.4937159A > G substitution. Further inspection of the region containing r.4937159A > G mutation revealed three genotypes viz., AA, AG, and GG were observed with respective frequencies of 0.106, 0.607, and 0.287 in laying hen population 1 (P1) (n = 1, 042) and respective frequencies of 0.176, 0.708, and 0.116 in laying hen population 2 (P2) (n = 826). Moreover, to further examining the frequencies of r.4937159A > G genotypes in P1 and P2, and their additive and dominance effects; r.4937159A > G locus was significantly associated with DF-trait in both P1 and P2 (EN: the number of eggs, FN: the number of fertile eggs after a single AI), and DN (the number of days post-insemination until last fertile egg). In testing for additive and dominance effects, additive effect was significant (P < 0.05) in both P1 and P2 for DF-trait, and the dominance effect was significant (P < 0.05) for EN and FN traits, suggesting that r.4937159A > G polymorphism is a potential biomarker for DF-trait. However, the identified novel r.4937159A > G mutation and others require further investigation to confirm phenotypic causality and potential genetic relationships with reproductive traits. Overall, our findings suggest the significance of genetic variation in long non-coding RNAs may assist in future breeding programs to improve selection for prolonged DF-trait.
Genotoxic Assessment of the Metabolite M-11 of Mepanipyrim, the Active Ingredient in the Plant Protection Product FRUPICA SC
Authors: Dirven Hubert , Lyche Jan Ludvig , Låg Marit , Nilsen Asbjørn Magne , Borgå Katrine , Eklo Ole Martin , Grung Merete , Sverdrup Line Emilie , Källqvist Torsten 
Published: July 2019

The VKM Panel for plant protection products considered Frupica SC in a meeting on 25.11.2010, and found the active ingredient problematic with regard to carcinogenic effects and possible genotoxicity. M11 is a metabolite of mepanipyrim which is the active ingredient the plant protection product Frupica SC. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has asked the applicant for further assessment of the genotoxic potential of the metabolite M11. The applicant has submitted a rat liver in vivo Comet assay of the metabolite, and the panel has been requested to consider if the genotoxic properties of mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 is adequately documented.
The metabolite M11 caused positive findings in in vitro studies for bacterial mutation and chromosomal aberrations. Three in vivo studies (Micronucleus, unscheduled DNA synthesis and Comet assay) did not show evidence of genotoxicity. Based on the documentation available, VKMs Panel on Plant Protection Products concludes that mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 should not be considered genotoxic in vivo. The lack of demonstrated in vivo genotoxicity makes it likely that mepanipyrim induces liver tumors in rats and mice by a mechanism that involves a threshold below which tumors are not expected to develop. This conclusion is strengthened by the finding of a promoter-like behavior of mepanipyrim for induction of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase positive foci in rat liver.
Microorganisms in Biostimulants
Authors: Joner Erik , Skjerve Eystein , Sundheim Leif , Tronsmo Arne , Wastson Yngvild , Eckner Karl , Kapperud Georg , Lassen Jørgen Fredrik , Narvhus Judith , Nesbakken Truls , Robertson Lucy , Rosnes Jan Thomas , Skjerdal Olaug Taran , Vold Line 
Published: July 2019

In March 2016, the EU Commission presented a proposal for new regulations on fertilising material. The regulation includes product rules for a wide range of organic and inorganic products. Microbial biostimulants is one of the categories of products that are included. Biostimulants, in the draft EU regulation, are defined as fertilising materials that affect nutrient processes independently of the product's own nutrient content and with the purpose of improving nutrient utilisation, tolerance for abiotic stress or quality of the crop. Positive list in which species of these bacterial genera are listed: Azotobacter spp, Rhizobium spp., Azospirillum spp and Mycorrhizal fungi are a part of the regulation.
Since the import and use of these organisms are the responsibility of both the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Environment Agency, they asked VKM to submit a joint report on effects on health (humans, plants and animals), biodiversity and dispersal, quality of agricultural land and on soil environment.
Conclusions:
Health risks:
Based upon our literature review, we have found no indication of any specific diseases in plants, animals or humans induced by the discussed microorganisms. A few reported cases of human disease are caused through wound infections or injections in immunocompromised patients. These represent a situation where any microorganism may induce infections and is not specific for the agents discussed in this report. In summary, the risk of any disease caused by the discussed microorganisms is considered negligible.
Environmental risks:
In soil the biodiversity, competition, adaptation and functional redundancy of microorganisms are extremely high. This means that introduced microorganisms have a very small chance for establishing, and even less so for affecting biodiversity and soil functioning. Introduction of nitrogen fixing species or fungi that can transport P to plants (mycorrhiza) will lead to an increase in the primary production. However, even a large increased activity for these processes will not outcompete naturally occurring symbiotic N-fixation or growth of inherently non-mycorrhizal plant species. Thus, the risks associated with introduced non-pathogenic microorganisms are very low.
In vitro Assessment of Fosfomycin: A Beacon of Hope in Drug Resistant Organisms Causing Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Anand Mridu , Sahu Chinmoy , Negi Arti , Singh Avinash 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections affecting humans.. Fosfomycin has been approved for use in uncomplicated UTI caused by E. coli and Enterococcus. However, data regarding sensitivity of organisms causing hospital acquired or complicated UTI is scarce worldwide. We aimed to determine the in vitro sensitivity of drug resistant organisms causing hospital acquired and complicated UTI towards fosfomycin.
Materials and Methods: Over a 6 month period, urine samples were processed as per standard microbiological protocols. Bacterial isolates were identified by routine microbiological methods followed by automated methods. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done for different antibiotics. Fosfomycin sensitivity was tested by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by E test method.
Results: A total of 248` organisms causing hospital acquired and/or complicated UTI were isolated of which E. coli 88(35.48%) was most common followed by K. pneumoniae 78(31.45%) and P. aeruginosa 64(25.80%). Of 248, 92.74% (230/248) isolates were sensitive to fosfomycin. All the E. coli isolates were sensitive to fosfomycin with a low MIC (range 0.064-16 mg/L) while 97.43% (76/78) of the K. pneumoniae and 71.87% (46/64) P. aeruginosa of isolates were sensitive with a higher MIC (range 0.5-32 mg/L and 6-64mg/L respectively). Fosfomycin MIC geometric mean among E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa was; 1.05, 7.19 and 19.61 mg/L respectively. K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa showed a significantly higher geometric mean MIC compare to E. coli (P <0.0001).
Conclusions: This study suggests that fosfomycin has the potential to replace the parenteral antibiotics for treating complicated or hospital acquired lower UTI especially in case of Enterobacteriaceae.
Dosimetric impact and detectability of multi‐leaf collimator positioning errors on Varian Halcyon
Authors: Gay Skylar S. , Netherton Tucker J. , Cardenas Carlos E. , Ger Rachel B. , Balter Peter A. , Dong Lei , Mihailidis Dimitris , Court Laurence E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the dosimetric impact of multi‐leaf collimator (MLC) positioning errors on a Varian Halcyon for both random and systematic errors, and to evaluate the effectiveness of portal dosimetry quality assurance in catching clinically significant changes caused by these errors. Both random and systematic errors were purposely added to 11 physician‐approved head and neck volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment plans, yielding a total of 99 unique plans. Plans were then delivered on a preclinical Varian Halcyon linear accelerator and the fluence was captured by an opposed portal dosimeter. When comparing dose–volume histogram (DVH) values of plans with introduced MLC errors to known good plans, clinically significant changes to target structures quickly emerged for plans with systematic errors, while random errors caused less change. For both error types, the magnitude of clinically significant changes increased as error size increased. Portal dosimetry was able to detect all systematic errors, while random errors of ±5 mm or less were unlikely to be detected. Best detection of clinically significant errors, while minimizing false positives, was achieved by following the recommendations of AAPM TG‐218. Furthermore, high‐ to moderate correlation was found between dose DVH metrics for normal tissues surrounding the target and portal dosimetry pass rates. Therefore, it may be concluded that portal dosimetry on the Halcyon is robust enough to detect errors in MLC positioning before they introduce clinically significant changes to VMAT treatment plans.
Examining the effects of frustration on working memory capacity
Authors: Fillauer Jonathan Parks , Bolden Jennifer , Jacobson Melanie , Partlow Brock H. , Benavides Andrea , Shultz Jessica N. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe present study attempts to expand our understanding of frustration, clinical symptoms, and working memory by examining the unique contribution of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and frustration to working memory capacity (WMC). A factor‐analytic framework was utilized to isolate and examine WMC based on results from three working memory tasks that were administered in counterbalanced order to control for individual differences in baseline WMC. All participants provided subjective ratings of frustration both prior to and after administration of a frustration induction. Results suggest that although we were able to systematically induce subjective frustration for participants in the experimental group relative to the control group, WMC was not associated with induced frustration in the present study. Results also indicated that inattention symptoms predicted baseline frustration levels. This work highlights the need to examine the extent to which storage/rehearsal WMC and additional process‐oriented working memory‐related performance variables are related to frustration. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
Self‐Propelled 3D‐Printed “Aircraft Carrier” of Light‐Powered Smart Micromachines for Large‐Volume Nitroaromatic Explosives Removal
Authors: Kong Lei , Ambrosi Adriano , Nasir Muhammad Zafir Mohamad , Guan Jianguo , Pumera Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSelf‐propelled micro‐/nanomotors are in the forefront of materials research, for applications ranging from environmental remediation to biomedicine. However, due to their limited sizes, they can only navigate within small distances, typically in the order of millimeters, which inevitably hinder their use for large‐volume real applications. Here it is shown that a 3D‐printed millimeter‐scale motor (3DP‐motor) can act as “aircraft carrier” of TiO2/Pt Janus micromotors and be used for enhanced large‐volume environmental remediation applications. The 3DP‐motor can move fast for tens of meters through the Marangoni effect by asymmetrically releasing ethanol. During its navigation, this 3DP‐motor can carry and slowly release in solution TiO2/Pt Janus micromotors which can be propelled by light illumination while acting as photodegradation agents. Highly efficient degradation of nitroaromatic explosives over a large solution area is achieved. A wall‐following motion of the 3DP‐motor without external guidance is also demonstrated which is generated by the chemiosmotic flow at the wall vicinity. This can be easily tuned by changing the wettability of the wall surface and also modifying the shape of 3DP‐motor, leading to different motion behaviors. This work introduces a new concept of micromotors carried by large millimeter sized motors to traverse long distances and it should find a broad range of applications.
Carbon Quantum Dots Codoped with Nitrogen and Lanthanides for Multimodal Imaging
Authors: Bouzas‐Ramos Diego , Cigales Canga Jesus , Mayo Juan Carlos , Sainz Rosa Maria , Ruiz Encinar Jorge , Costa‐Fernandez Jose Manuel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNanoparticles are increasingly being used as advantageous alternatives to commonly used contrast agents in bioimaging, not only due to their improved imaging capabilities but also their great potential in theranostics. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) codoped with nitrogen and lanthanides (i.e., Gd and Yb) are synthesized using a one‐pot microwave‐assisted hydrothermal method and evaluated as improved multimodal contrast agents for imaging purposes. The obtained doped‐CQDs exhibit an intense fluorescence emission with excellent quantum yields (66 ± 7%) along with outstanding magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) contrast properties, without showing appreciable cytotoxicity after their exposure to three different cell lines for 24 and 72 h. Such outstanding features turn these nanoparticles into ideal labels for multimodal imaging. To actually prove such potential, first, these CQDs codoped with N and lanthanides are successfully applied to in vitro fluorescence, and MR and CT cell imaging. In addition, such nanoparticles demonstrate to have great potential as contrast agents for multimodal imaging in vivo as significant MR and CT contrast enhancement is observed in the bladder and kidneys of a mouse after their intravenous injection into the tail vein.
Improved Charge Transport and Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss Enable Over 16% Efficiency in Ternary Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Runnan , Yao Huifeng , Cui Yong , Hong Ling , He Chang , Hou Jianhui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent advances in the material design and synthesis of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) have revealed a new landscape for polymer solar cells (PSCs) and have boosted the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to over 15%. Further improvements of the photovoltaic performance are a significant challenge in NFA‐PSCs based on binary donor:acceptor blends. In this study, ternary PSCs are fabricated by incorporating a fullerene derivative, PC61BM, into a combination of a polymer donor (PBDB‐TF) and a fused‐ring NFA (Y6) and a very high PCE of 16.5% (certified as 16.2%) is recorded. Detailed studies suggest that the loading of PC61BM into the PBDB‐TF:Y6 blend can not only enhance the electron mobility but also can increase the electroluminescence quantum efficiency, leading to balanced charge transport and reduced nonradiative energy losses simultaneously. This work suggests that utilizing the complementary advantages of fullerene and NFAs is a promising way to finely tune the detailed photovoltaic parameters and further improve the PCEs of PSCs.
Dopant‐Free Small‐Molecule Hole‐Transporting Material for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 21%
Authors: Wang Yang , Chen Wei , Wang Lei , Tu Bao , Chen Tian , Liu Bin , Yang Kun , Koh Chang Woo , Zhang Xianhe , Sun Huiliang , Chen Guocong , Feng Xiyuan , Woo Han Young , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , He Zhubing , Guo Xugang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHole‐transporting materials (HTMs) play a critical role in realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Considering their capability of enabling PVSCs with good device reproducibility and long‐term stability, high‐performance dopant‐free small‐molecule HTMs (SM‐HTMs) are greatly desired. However, such dopant‐free SM‐HTMs are highly elusive, limiting the current record efficiencies of inverted PVSCs to around 19%. Here, two novel donor–acceptor‐type SM‐HTMs (MPA‐BTI and MPA‐BTTI) are devised, which synergistically integrate several design principles for high‐performance HTMs, and exhibit comparable optoelectronic properties but distinct molecular configuration and film properties. Consequently, the dopant‐free MPA‐BTTI‐based inverted PVSCs achieve a remarkable efficiency of 21.17% with negligible hysteresis and superior thermal stability and long‐term stability under illumination, which breaks the long‐time standing bottleneck in the development of dopant‐free SM‐HTMs for highly efficient inverted PVSCs. Such a breakthrough is attributed to the well‐aligned energy levels, appropriate hole mobility, and most importantly, the excellent film morphology of the MPA‐BTTI. The results underscore the effectiveness of the design tactics, providing a new avenue for developing high‐performance dopant‐free SM‐HTMs in PVSCs.
Multifunctional High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Properties of Nb2O5 Incorporated Carbon Nanofibers as Pt Support Catalyst
Authors: Shanmugapriya Sathyanarayanan , Zhu Pei , Yan Chaoyi , Asiri Abdullah M. , Zhang Xiangwu , Selvan Ramakrishnan Kalai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDesigning an electrocatalyst by integrating multiple classes of materials is an effective strategy for reinforcing the electrode properties. This study demonstrates a facile electrospinning technique for functionalizing the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with Nb2O5 co‐catalyst as the support material for platinum nanoparticles. The resultant Nb CNF‐Pt electrode has a sensible Pt loading of 30 µg cm−2 and manifests high catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The Nb CNF‐Pt outperforms the commercial 20 wt% Pt loaded carbon with high positive onset potential (0.99 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and half‐wave potential (0.87 V vs RHE) during ORR. It also provides large electrochemical active surface area (94.19 m2 g−1) and mass activity (783.34 mA mg−1) during MOR. Furthermore, the Nb CNF‐Pt electrode demands an extremely minimal overpotential of 37 and 325 mV and a Tafel slope of 38 and 81 mV dec−1 for HER and OER, respectively. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Nb CNF‐Pt is attributed to the strong metal–support interaction between Nb2O5 and Pt, resulting in a uniform loading of Pt NPs with reduced particle size and agglomeration‐free distribution.