bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Child in European Human Rights Law
Authors: Trotter Sarah 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article examines the category of ‘the child’ in European human rights law, based on an analysis of the child‐related jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. It argues that a full account of legal selfhood is constructed through the notion of ‘the child’ in this jurisprudence. The two notions – of ‘the child’ and ‘the self’ – are, from the outset, mutually dependent. The conceptualisation of ‘the child’ in human rights law is underpinned by an account of the self as originating in another and childhood is cast as enabling self‐understanding by making possible the formation of a narrative about the self. The vision of ‘the self’ that emerges is one of ‘the narrative self’, and I assess the implications of this both for the idea of childhood in which this narrative originates and for the vision of the human condition that is expressed in European human rights law more broadly.
Restoring Confidence: Replacing the Fixed‐term Parliaments Act 2011
Authors: Craig Robert 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article considers both the Fixed‐term Parliaments Act 2011 (FTPA) and the political constitution, to place the former in its political and constitutional context. It begins by setting out the background to the FTPA – which was a part of a Coalition agreement – and considers difficulties with the most commonly‐made arguments in favour of fixed‐term parliaments. The second part of the article considers the impact and potential practical legal consequences if the FTPA is repealed without any replacement, arguing that it will only be possible to revive the ‘dissolution’ prerogative by express words in a new Act. The final part of the article addresses the question of whether the prerogative should be revived, before arguing both that it should not and that a statutory power to call an election should be conferred on the Prime Minister subject to a vote by simple majority in the House of Commons.
An Improved Protection for the (Mentally Ill) Trans Parent: A Queer Reading of AP, Garçon and Nicot v France
Authors: Gonzalez‐Salzberg Damian A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe European Court of Human Rights has been deciding cases concerning LGBT rights since the early 1980s. Its case law on trans rights has changed drastically over time, imposing upon the states of the Council of Europe certain minimum standards regarding the legal recognition of gender identity. In its recent judgment of April 2017 the Court laid down a new rule to be adopted by domestic legislation; namely, that the legal recognition of gender transition cannot be made conditional upon pursuing medical or surgical procedures which have (or are likely to have) sterilising effects. This article analyses the judgment from a critical perspective grounded in queer theory, noting both the positive and the negative elements of the Court's decision.
Extracting information or resource? The Hotelling rule revisited under asymmetric information
Authors: Martimort David , Pouyet Jérôme , Ricci Francesco 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA concessionaire has private information on the initial stock of resource. A “virtual Hotelling rule” describes how the resource price evolves over time and how extraction costs are compounded with information costs along the optimal extraction path. Fields which are heterogeneous in terms of their initial stocks follow different extraction paths. Resource might be left unexploited in the long run as a way to foster incentives. The optimal contract may sometimes be implemented through royalties and license fees. With a market of concessionaires, asymmetric information leads to a “virtual Herfindahl principle” and to another form of heterogeneity across active concessionaires.
Apparent conflicts of interest, elected officials and codes of conduct
Authors: Jepson Valerie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article examines the concept of an apparent conflict of interest and asserts that it is well established that elected officials ought to avoid both actual and apparent conflicts. The article then examines why there is a reluctance to include an appearance standard in applicable codes of conduct. The article concludes by situating the debate within the broader context of ethics programs for elected officials and encourages a view that such programs be viewed as sui generis frameworks designed for democratic systems of accountability rather than professional regulatory frameworks.
Harnessing the Twittersphere: How using social media can benefit government ethics offices
Authors: Stedman Ian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEthics commissioners who strive to be innovative may be able to exploit opportunities that have emerged as a result of growing public interest in issues of government ethics and transparency. This article explores how social media has driven greater public interest in political discourse, and I offer some suggestions for how government ethics offices can effectively harness the power of these social tools. I argue that, by thinking outside the box, ethics commissioners can take advantage of low‐cost opportunities to inform and empower the public in a way that propels government ethics forward without the need for legislative change.
Commissions of inquiry as vectors for change in public sector ethics: A few thoughts for further research
Authors: Cartier Geneviève 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article addresses the question whether public commissions of inquiry have the potential for driving constructive change in ethical behaviour within the public sector. It suggests two hypotheses. One is that the climate of discussion that often accompanies commissions of inquiry, and the systemic approaches that commissions are encouraged to take in their recommendations, negatively affect the receptiveness of public sector members to change in matters of ethics. The other hypothesis is that highly politicized commissions create a dynamic that may press governments to take courses of action that may not be conducive to constructive change in public sector ethics.
Prognostic markers in core‐binding factor AML and improved survival with multiple consolidation cycles of intermediate‐/high‐dose cytarabine
Authors: Prabahran Ashvind , Tacey Mark , Fleming Shaun , Wei Andrew , Tate Courtney , Marlton Paula , Wight Joel , Grigg Andrew , Tuckfield Annabel , Szer Jeff , Ritchie David , Chee Lynette 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectivesCore‐binding factor acute myeloid leukaemia (CBF AML) defined by t(8;21)(q22;q22) or inv(16)(p13q22)/t(16;16)(p13;q22) has a favourable prognosis; however, 30%‐40% of patients still relapse after chemotherapy. We sought to evaluate the risk factors for relapse in a de novo CBF AML cohort.Patients/Materials/MethodsA retrospective review of patients from four Australian tertiary centres from 2001 to 2012, comprising 40 t(8;21) and 30 inv(16) AMLs.ResultsMultivariate analysis identified age (P = .032) and white cell count (WCC)>40 (P = .025) as significant predictors for inferior OS and relapse, respectively. Relapse risk was higher in the inv(16) group vs the t(8;21) group (57% vs 18%, HR 4.31, 95% CI: 1.78‐10.42, P = .001). Induction therapy had no bearing on OS or relapse‐free survival (RFS); however, consolidation treatment with >3 cycles of intermediate‐/high‐dose cytarabine improved OS (P = .035) and RFS (P = .063). Five patients demonstrated post‐treatment stable q PCR positivity without relapse.Conclusions

>3 consolidation cycles of intermediate‐/high‐dose cytarabine improves patient outcomes

Age and inv(16) CBF AML subtype are predictors of inferior OS and RFS, respectively.

Stable low‐level MRD by qPCR does not predict relapse

Similar OS in the inv(16) cohort compared to the t(8;21) cohort, despite a higher relapse rate, confirms salvageability of relapsed disease.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Older Adults
Authors: Yadav Sumit , Yang Yun , Dutra Eliane H. , Robinson Jennifer L. , Wadhwa Sunil 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo review the literature and summarize the evidence of temporomandibualar joint (TMJ) disorders (TMDs) in older adults, focusing on clinical manifestations of TMDs in older adults, highlighting the incidence and sexual dimorphism of TMJ degeneration and the role of sex hormones in this process, and providing potential treatment options for TMD in older adults.DesignTwo review authors performed the literature search, study inclusion, and data extraction. PubMed, Embase, and Google scholar were searched for literature until August 2017 (Figure ). We adopted a combination of Medical Subject Headings with related free text words for the search in PubMed and optimized the search in other search engines.ResultsTraditionally, it was believed that TMDs predominantly affected women of childbearing age, but recent large studies in Europe and the United States have shown that the prevalence of TMD peaks after childbearing age (45–64) and then gradually decreases with age, although not much is known about the disease in older adults.ConclusionMost older adults have TMJ degeneration, which affects women more than men. In most older adults, the symptoms of TMD are mild and self‐limiting and can usually be treated with self management.
Why Do Incumbents Respond Heterogeneously to Disruptive Innovations? The Interplay of Domain Identity and Role Identity
Authors: Kammerlander Nadine , König Andreas , Richards Melanie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe adopt a multifaceted view of organizational identity to contribute to research on organizational identity and incumbent adaptations to disruptive innovations. Based on a qualitative, multi‐case study on the responses of German publishing houses to the emergence of digitalization, we distill a novel and thus far disregarded facet of organizational identity: organizational role identity. We show how organizational role identity and organizational domain identity – the facet that has so far dominated research on identity and innovation – interactively determine how organizations interpret and respond to a disruptive innovation. In contrast to previous studies, we show that incumbents experience dysfunctional identity‐driven struggles when one of the two identity facets is challenged by the disruptive innovation while the other is enhanced. We also induce that domain and role identities can jointly determine how quickly incumbents react to a disruption, whether they adopt that disruption, and the innovativeness of their responses.
The lures of neo‐Victorianism presentism (with a feminist case study ofPenny Dreadful)
Authors: Kohlke Marie‐Luise 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCommonly credited with a distinctly presentist agenda, neo‐Victorian works invite readers/viewers to infer seeming parallels and continuities between the 19th century and postmodernity. The discernment of presentism's exact operations, however, presupposes an informed audience with a comparatively high level of historical knowledge and sophistication, which cannot be assumed by works targeting a diverse mass market, as in the case of televisual productions. This often results in mixed messages that undermine neo‐Victorianism's ethical agenda and endorsement of liberal politics, pitting critical self‐conscious engagement with the past against its naïve and unreflective consumption. This essay considers presentism's complex ramifications via an overview of the presentist debate and its application to neo‐Victorian studies, followed by a case study of Season Three of Showtime/Sky's popularPenny Dreadful(2014–2016) series, created by John Logan, specifically the plotline centred on the characters Brona Croft/Lily, Dr Victor Frankenstein, and Dorian Gray. Their triangulated narrative, I argue, reveals a disturbing tension between the series' apparent avowal of feminist ideals and activism, on the one hand, and a parodic skewing of both, on the other, raising issues of potential viewer manipulation and insidious historical distortion.
Kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate as a predictor of successful continuous renal replacement therapy discontinuation
Authors: Yoshida Teruhiko , Matsuura Ryo , Komaru Yohei , Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Yoshimoto Kohei , Hamasaki Yoshifumi , Noiri Eisei , Morimura Naoto , Nangaku Masaomi , Doi Kent 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAimNo standardized criteria for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) discontinuation have been established. Kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a newly developed estimation method based on dynamic changes of serum creatinine expected to reflect the true GFR. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of kinetic eGFR for CRRT discontinuation.MethodsA retrospective single‐centre cohort study was conducted. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients who received CRRT between May 2015 and April 2016 were enrolled. Successful CRRT discontinuation was defined as neither resuming CRRT for the next 48 h nor receiving intermittent haemodialysis 7 days from the CRRT discontinuation. Clinical factors associated with CRRT discontinuation were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsOf 52 AKI patients treated with CRRT, 38 could discontinue CRRT while 14 could not. Urine volume, regular and kinetic eGFR of days 0 (day of CRRT discontinuation) and 1 were all good predictive parameters (area under the ROC curve (AUC) > 0.7). Kinetic eGFR of day 1 showed the AUC of 0.87 [95% confidence interval 0.73–0.94]). Combining kinetic eGFR of day 1 and urine volume of day 0 gave a high AUC of 0.93 [95% confidence interval 0.82–0.97]. The combination was significantly greater than urine volume of day 0 (P = 0.008).ConclusionKinetic eGFR combined with urine volume was a better predictor for CRRT discontinuation. Evaluation of kinetic eGFR utility in other clinical settings will be necessary.
A single‐center audit of the indications and clinical impact of prolonged ambulatory small intestinal manometry
Authors: Ang D. , Pannemans J. , Vanuytsel T. , Tack J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundSmall bowel manometry is a diagnostic test available only in a few specialized referral centers. Its exact place in the management of refractory symptoms is controversial.MethodsThe records of all patients who underwent 24‐hour ambulatory duodenojejunal manometry over a 6‐year period were retrospectively reviewed. We studied the clinical indications for small bowel manometry, and reviewed the impact of manometric findings on the clinical outcome. One hundred and forty‐six studies were performed in 137 patients (46M, 91F) with a mean age of 44.9 ± 15.7 years. Mean follow‐up duration was 15.1 ± 22.6 months. Appropriate endoscopic, radiological and gastric scintigraphy studies were performed in all patients prior to small bowel manometry. Criteria for abnormal motor activity were based on Bharucha's classification.Key ResultsThe indications for small bowel manometry were chronic abdominal pain (n = 43), slow‐transit constipation (n = 17), refractory gastroparesis (n = 16), chronic diarrhea (n = 7), recurrent episodes of subocclusion (n = 16), postsurgical evaluation (n = 36), suspicion of gut involvement in systemic disease (n = 9), and unexplained nausea (n = 2). The most common finding was a normal 24‐hour ambulatory small bowel manometry (n = 113). Thirty‐three studies yielded abnormal findings which included extrinsic neuropathy (n = 6), intrinsic neuropathy (n = 18), intestinal myopathy (n = 2), and subocclusion (n = 7). Ambulatory small bowel manometry excluded a generalized motility disorder in 77% and had a significant impact on the subsequent clinical course in 23%.Conclusions & InferencesAmbulatory small bowel manometry is a useful and safe diagnostic tool to complement traditional investigative modalities in patients with severe unexplained abdominal symptoms.
Targeting an epicardial‐endocardial breakthrough in a case with an intractable common atrial flutter using ultra–high‐resolution three‐dimensional mapping
Authors: Higuchi Satoshi , Shoda Morio , Iwanami Yuji , Yagishita Daigo , Ejima Koichiro , Hagiwara Nobuhisa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe recent development of high‐density high‐spatial resolution three‐dimensional mapping has provided detailed information for understanding complicated atrial activation patterns at a level not previously possible. Using this technology, we report a case with recurrent common atrial flutter, demonstrating the presence of a bridging epicardial fiber that traveled across the previous cavotricuspid isthmus ablation lesion with apparent epicardial‐endocardial breakthrough (EEB) sites located on both sides of the ablation line. The entrainment study indicated that the EEB site, located adjacent to the coronary sinus ostium, was part of the recurrent circuit and a focal ablation targeting that site terminated the tachycardia.
Ownership, Use, and Exclusivity: The Kantian Approach
Authors: Weinrib Ernest J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOwnership combines the owner's right to exclude others from the owned object and the owner's liberty to use that object. This article addresses the relationship between using and excluding, by presenting Grotius's and Kant's classic accounts of ownership. Grotius's approach treats use and exclusivity as separate notions, with the latter evolving out of the former. For Kant, in contrast, use and exclusivity are integrated aspects of ownership as a right within a regime of equal reciprocal freedom. This article offers a Kantian critique of Grotius's account of the original right to use, and then presents Kant's notion of usability as the basis for his integration of use and exclusivity.
Time in Law's Domain
Authors: Postema Gerald J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLaw bends the past of a community's common life towards its future.Precedent is one of law's favored tools for doing the bending, and legal systems that assign precedent a starring role seem especially mindful of time. Yet, mindfulness of time goes far deeper into law's DNA. It is not limited to the doctrine of precedent or unique to common‐law jurisdictions. Recognizing that time is an elemental dimension of human experience and basic ordering principle of practical agency, law utilizes and orders time. Temporality is essential to law's distinctive mode of governance and guidance.
Overcoming Doctrinal School Thought: A Unifying Approach to Human Dignity
Authors: Gisbertz Philipp 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe concept of human dignity is criticized due to its vagueness, but by discussing the most important schools of thought, we can identify a core meaning that is common to most understandings of human dignity: Whether we conceptualize human dignity in terms of autonomy, self‐respect, social acts, or equal status, we always refer to some kind of personal identity. This personal identity consists in those aspects that we consider to be constitutive of our individual personality. Instead of remaining within doctrinal school thought, this core meaning can be taken as a common denominator for human dignity discourse.
Asymmetric Effect of Monetary Policy in Emerging Countries: The Case of Egypt
Authors: Abdelsalam Mamdouh Abdelmoula M. 
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study is to explore the asymmetric effect of the unanticipated monetary policy shocks on inflation and real production. This is done by utilizing the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Nonlinear ARDL allows us to check for the asymmetric effect of the policy in terms of the size of the shocks: large or small, and the stance of the shocks: loose or tight. Additionally, Wald test is employed to confirm the underlying relationship. The results provided a sufficient evidence for the idea of the asymmetric effect of monetary policy in Egypt. Firstly, regarding the size of the policy, only small shocks have a considerable effect on both inflation and real production. Secondly, regarding the direction of the policy, only positive shocks have a considerable influence on both variables. Wald test confirmed the abovementioned results. Therefore, based on these results, the monetary policy in Egypt is only effective under some circumstances and thus other economic policies such as fiscal policy might be more effective in these cases.
Complete Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter indicus Type Strain SGAir0564 Isolated from Tropical Air Collected in Singapore
Authors: Vettath Vineeth Kodengil , Junqueira Ana Carolina M. , Uchida Akira , Purbojati Rikky W. , Houghton James N. I. , Chénard Caroline , Drautz-Moses Daniela I. , Wong Anthony , Kolundžija Sandra , Clare Megan E. , Kushwaha Kavita K. , Panicker Deepa , Putra Alexander , Gaultier Nicolas E. , Heinle Cassie E. , Premkrishnan Balakrishnan N. V. , Schuster Stephan C. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter indicus
(
Gammaproteobacteria
) is a strict aerobic nonmotile bacterium. The strain SGAir0564 was isolated from air samples collected in Singapore. The complete genome is 3.1 Mb and was assembled using a combination of short and long reads. The genome contains 2,808 protein-coding genes, 80 tRNAs, and 21 rRNA subunits.
Complete Genome Sequencing of a Classical Swine Fever Virus Strain Endemic in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Ha Thanh , Dang Hoang Vu , Nguyen Dung Tien , Miyazawa Kohtaro , Kokuho Takehiro 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
A Vietnamese strain of classical swine fever virus, VN91, was isolated in Hung Yen in 1991. While VN91 has been used as a challenge strain in efficacy tests of vaccines, its genetic background has never been described. Here, we report the genome sequence of the strain circulating in Vietnam.
Metagenome Sequences of Sediment from a Recovering Industrialized Appalachian River in West Virginia
Authors: Huber David H. , Ugwuanyi Ifeoma R. , Malkaram Sridhar A. , Montenegro-Garcia Natalia A. , Lhilhi Noundou Vadesse , Chavarria-Palma Jesus E. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

We sequenced two metagenomes from upper sediment layers (0 to 5 and 6 to 10 cm) from the Kanawha River, West Virginia. The watershed includes inputs from the forested Appalachian Mountains, surface coal mining, municipal residues, and extensive chemical manufacturing. The dominant bacterial phyla were
Proteobacteria
,
Bacteriodetes
,
Firmicutes
,
Actinobacteria
, and
Chloroflexi
. Xenobiotic degradation pathways were present.
Genome Sequence of Lysinibacillus sphaericus, a Lignin-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Soil
Authors: Persinoti Gabriela F. , Paixão Douglas A. A. , Bugg Timothy D. H. , Squina Fabio M. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
strain A1, a potential lignin-degrading bacterium isolated from municipal solid waste (MSW) soil and capable of enhancing gas release from lignocellulose-containing soil.
Characterization of an Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 Strain Isolated from Dove in Southern China
Authors: Li Dan , Li ZhengTing , Xie Zhixun , Li Meng , Xie Zhiqin , Liu Jiabo , Xie Liji , Deng Xianwen , Luo Sisi 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
We report here the complete genome sequence of strain H9N2, an avian influenza virus (AIV) isolated from dove in Guangxi, China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it was a novel reassortant AIV derived from chicken, duck, and wild bird. This finding provides useful information for understanding the H9N2 subtype of AIV circulating in southern China.
First Insight into the Genome Sequence of Clostridium liquoris DSM 100320, a Butyrate- and Ethanol-Producing Bacterium
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Neubauer Hannes , Niemeyer Philipp , Daniel Rolf 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Clostridium liquoris
is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, nonmotile, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium. The major fermentation products from glucose are ethanol and butyrate.
C. liquoris
was isolated from a 20-year-old liquor fermentation pit. The draft genome sequence consists of a chromosome (2.892 Mb) harboring 2,788 predicted protein-encoding genes.