bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on Self-Assessment of Teaching Competencies of PE Student Teachers from Poland and Kosovo
Authors: Bronikowski Michał , Krzemińska Ida Laudańska , Kantanista Adam , Bronikowska Małgorzata , Szczepanowska Ewa , Morina Besnik 
Published: May 2019

Research backgrounds and hypothesis. This study investigates the student teachers’ preparation for the practical school placement in Poland and Kosovo. Considering the two countries with different academic backgrounds there might be reasonable differences in the state of students’ preparation to work practice. While other research concentrates on teachers’ supervision during practical placement the literature review carried out for this paper illustrates that teaching practicum, which has been a focal point of many academic discussions, has been relatively little researched, especially from the students’ perspective of the process. Understanding the differences regarding various academic systems may bring some more light into the search for the most effective ways of preparing student teachers for the school practical placement. Research aim. The purpose of the study was to analyse the student teachers’ assessments of their actual teaching competencies in order to further prepare a Cooperating PE Teachers Programme (COPET) at both universities. A sample of 154 second year Bachelor undergraduates in Poznań and 128 students from Pristina and respectively 109 from Master students from Poznań, and 45 from Master students of the international post-graduate programme in Physical Education and Sport in Kosovo were surveyed.Research method. Quantitative data were collected via the Pre-Service PE Teachers Self-Assessment Questionnaire including 25-items concerning three areas: organizational, didactic and pedagogical. A multivariate analysis of variance showed the differences between students from Poznań and Pristina. Research results. In our own research, the analysis of progression (visible in the difference between Bachelor and Master students) in their self-assessment indicates more critical self-reflection present in the assessments of students in Poznań. This was not common in the self-assessment of the students in Pristina as levels of their self-assessment at the two phases of the PETE programme (Bachelor and Master) were similar.Discussion and conclusions. Recommendations for further improvements of PETE programmes in both Polish and Kosovan Higher Education Institutions concern the introduction of a COPET programme. Improving teaching practice and professional preparedness of student teachers requires elevating the quality of academic teaching delivered to students throughout their studies. This especially concerns subjects dealing with the teaching of practical and methodological skills. Equally important is the quality of early practical experience.Keywords: PE practical school placement, student teachers’ competencies, self-assessment.
From Cooperation of Parents and Educators Towards Empowering Partnership
Authors: Dumčienė Audronė , Šukienė Diana 
Published: May 2019

Background. Partnership in this thesis is interpreted as the responsibility of children education which is taken by the members and their activity. The main role of the partners is to organize the environment of preschool education for children to use their prior knowledge and experience to understand new information and meaningful context.Methods. Two questionnaires were included in this research, 191 parents and 199 educators were questioned. Results. Educators and parents generally see the purpose of preschool education institution to stimulate the child’s social and cognitive development (88.9%) and considerably rarely the purpose is related to meeting the natural needs of a child (32.2%). Educators more often than parents thought that it was necessary to strengthen the education of parents in partnership with their children’s education (p < .001). Mutual ambition to collaborate (67.3%), better education of parents (49.2%), the maintenance of permanent connection (41.7%), information exchange (49.7%) and better confidence in each other (45.7%) would be helpful in seeking for more effective cooperation.Conclusions. Only a small percentage of parents understand that preschool education is most important to meet the natural needs of children, create healthy situations for the development of children’s inborn inclinations. Educators are not reoriented enough to the tendencies of nowadays and only one third of them believe in its importance to meet the natural needs of a child. In most cases parents and educators indicated the same factors which might influence empowering of parents and educators for the education cooperation which would develop into to partnership, but the importance of the factors was often different.Keywords: empowering, cooperation, communication, preschool education, partnership.
Studentų vertybinių orientacijų ypatumai
Authors: Lekavičienė Rosita 
Published: May 2019

Šiuolaikinėje diskusijoje apie vertybinių orientacijų prigimtį ir pobūdį išsiskiria dvi kryptys: 1) vertybė traktuojama kaip nuoroda į tikslą ir ji iškyla prieš žmogų kaip tai, kas turi būti; 2) vertybė suprantama kaip realiai funkcionuo-janti, t. y. kaip socialinio elgesio reguliatorius. Straipsnyje pristatomas empirinis tyrimas, kurio tikslas — nustatyti, ar vertybių eiliškumo viršūnėje esančios individo vertybės yra aktyviai funkcionuojančios, ar, priešingai, yra siekia-mybė, idealas, „kažko trūkumas“. Tiriamieji — 630 Lietuvos aukštųjų mokyklų studentų. Tyrimui naudota R. Ullrich ir R. de Muynck (1998 d) metodika „Mano dabartinių vertybinių orientacijų anketa”. Nustatyta, kad studentų ver-tybiniai prioritetai yra „savęs realizacija ir nepriklausomybė“ (M = 2,16; σ = 0,56), „pripažinimas ir pagyrimas“ (M = 2,09; σ = 0,57), „palankumas ir pagalba“ (M = 2,08; σ = 0,56). Pastaroji vertybė dažniausiai ir realizuojama gyvenime (M = 1,89; σ = 0,46). Studentams mažiausiai vertinga „ramaus gyvenimo ir atsipalaidavimo“ vertybė (M = 1,42; σ = 0,91) bei „galėjimas valdyti ir turėti įtakos kitiems“ (M = 1,43; σ = 0,83). Nustatyta statistiškai reikšminga teigiama koreliacija (p = 0,000) tarp visų vertybių reikšmingumo tiriamajam ir tarp tą vertybę atitinkančio elgesio poreiškio dažnumo. Glaudžiausias ryšys tarp vertybės reikšmingumo ir tą vertybę atitinkančio elgesio po-reiškio dažnumo užﬁksuotas pagal „Kontaktų ir bendravimo“, „Valdžios ir įtakos“, „Ramybės ir atsipalaidavimo“ skales (visi τ b = 0,42; p = 0,000). Taigi galima teigti, kad vertybės atlieka socialinio elgesio reguliatoriaus vaidmenį ir rodo ketinimą veikti kurioje nors asmenybės socialinio aktyvumo srityje.Raktažodžiai: vertybinės orientacijos, vertybiniai prioritetai, elgesys.
Gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybų poveikis šuolininkų su kartimi pusiausvyros gebėjimams
Authors: Aleksandravičienė Roma , Grigorjeva Marina , Stasiulevičienė Loreta , Zaičenkovienė Kristina , Škikas Laimutis , Liaugminienė Ramunė 
Published: May 2019

Judėjimas visada susijęs su greičio pokyčiais, t. y. pagreičiais, kurie yra judančių žmogaus organizmo dalių dirgi-kliai. Žmogaus koordinacija ir orientacija erdvėje priklauso nuo pusiausvyros, regos, judėjimo analizatorių ir jų treniruotumo. Tai ypač aktualu sportinėje veikloje. Egzistuoja tiesioginis ryšis tarp sportinio meistriškumo ir vesti-bulinės funkcijos. Įvairių šakų sportininkų vestibulinės funkcijos atsparumo išraiška esti skirtinga, kadangi sporto šakų speciﬁ ka nevienodai veikia vestibulinį analizatorių (Авижонене, 1993; Катуков и Шорин, 1990). Daugelis lengvosios atletikos rungčių reikalauja geros judesių koordinacijos. Ypač tai aktualu atliekant šuolius su kartimi. Todėl šiuo tyrimu bandyta atskleisti, kokį poveikį jaunųjų šuolininkų su kartimi pusiausvyros somatinėms reakcijoms turi gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybos. Tyrimo tikslas — nustatyti gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybų poveikį jaunųjų šuolininkų su kartimi pusiausvyros gebėjimams. Buvo tiriamos dvi 12—15 m. amžiaus vienerių—trejų metų sportinio stažo šuolininkų su kartimi grupės: pirma — gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybas (n = 8) lankantys tris mėnesius vieną kartą per savaitę (2007 metais) ir keturis mėnesius vieną kartą per savaitę (2008 metais); antra — nelankantys gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybų (n = 8). Tirtų šuolininkų stabilograﬁ jos testo rezultatai palyginti su 12—15 m. jaunųjų sprinterių rodikliais (n = 8).Pusiausvyros somatinių reakcijų dydis buvo tiriamas taikant aktyvųjį otolitinės reakcijos mėginį OR 5 ir 10-ies ap-sisukimų maksimaliuoju greičiu į abi puses (penkis kartus kairėn ir penkis — dešinėn) testą vestibulinei funkcijai įvertinti (Rušas, Bagočiūnas, 1999).Visi pusiausvyros rodikliai atlikus aktyvųjį otolitinės reakcijos mėginį, 10-ties apsisukimų kairėn ir dešinėn testą bei stabilograﬁ jos testą buvo geresni gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybas lankančių šuolininkų su kartimi negu to paties amžiaus sprinterių ir šuolininkų su kartimi, nelankančių tokio pobūdžio pratybų. Vadinasi, gimnastikos ir akrobatikos pratybos teigiamai veikia jaunųjų šuolininkų su kartimi vestibulinę funkciją ir pusiausvyrą.Raktažodžiai: šuoliai su kartimi, gimnastika, akrobatika, pusiausvyra, vestibulinė funkcija.
Dehidratacijos ir rehidratacijos hipertermijos sąlygomis poveikis aktyviai sportuojančių suaugusiųjų periferiniam ir centriniam nuovargiui
Authors: Vadopalas Kazys , Brazaitis Marius , Skurvydas Albertas , Stanislovaitis Aleksas , Eimantas Nerijus , Minderis Petras , Kudrevičius Justinas 
Published: May 2019

Tyrimo tikslas — nustatyti dehidratacijos ir rehidratacijos hipertermijos sąlygomis poveikį aktyviai sportuojančiųjų centriniam ir periferiniam nuovargiui.Tiriamieji — suaugę aktyviai sportuojantys vyrai (n = 10, amžius 21,1 ± 1,3 m., kūno svoris 70,46 ± 6,54 kg, ūgis 174 ± 5,3 cm) ir suaugusios aktyviai sportuojančios moterys (n = 8, amžius 21,2 ± 2,4 m., kūno masė 60,88 ± 8,4 kg, ūgis 170,2 ± 4,9 cm). Visi tiriamieji ⎯ vidutinių nuotolių bėgikai, sportuojantys ne mažiau kaip 10 valandų per savaitę.Atlikti trys tyrimai — vienas kontrolinis ir du eksperimentiniai. Vieno eksperimento metu buvo sukeliama organizmo I° dehidratacija hipertermijos sąlygomis (tiriamieji 45 minutes sėdėjo panirę iki juosmens šiltoje vonioje, kurios vandens temperatūra 44 ± 1 o C). Eksperimento metu tiriami vyrai vidutiniškai neteko 0,94 ± 0,15 kg (1,33 ± 0,13%), moterys ⎯ 0,62 ± 0,18 kg (1,01 ± 0,18%) kūno svorio. Kito eksperimento metu tokia pačia procedūra sukeliant hipertermiją buvo atliekama peroralinė organizmo rehidratacija (per 1 valandą kas 6 minutes tiriamiesiems buvo duodama po 100 ml (iš viso 1000 ml) 37 o C ﬁ ziologinio 0,9% NaCl tirpalo). Vyrų svoris vidutiniškai padidėjo 0,1 ± 0,42 kg (0,1 ± 0,58%), moterų — 0,34 ± 0,18 kg (0,57 ± 0,32%) kūno svorio. Nuovargis sukeltas atliekant maksimaliosios valingos jėgos (MVJ) izometrinį krūvį, kuris tęsėsi 120 s: kas 15 s raumuo buvo stimuliuojamas elektros impulsų pluoštu (250 ms trukmės 100 Hz dažnio elektrinių impulsų serija (TT-100 Hz)). Registruotas raumenų MVJ momentas (N·m), nevalinga raumenų susitraukimo jėga (sukelta TT-100 Hz stimuliacijos) ir raumenų centrinio aktyvavimo laipsnis (CAR).Sukėlus dehidrataciją ir atlikus rehidrataciją hipertermijos sąlygomis vyrų ir moterų rektalinė kūno temperatūra vidutiniškai padidėjo ~2 o C (p < 0,001). MVJ, TT-100 Hz ir CAR rodikliai tarp aktyviai sportuojančių vyrų ir moterų skirtingų eksperimentų metu reikšmingai nesiskyrė. Rehidratacija hipertermijos sąlygomis reikšmingai sumažino tiriamųjų centrinį nuovargį, lyginant su dehidratacija hipertermijos sąlygomis. Tačiau šis rodiklis dehidratacijos ir rehidratacijos hipertermijos sąlygomis buvo nustatytas reikšmingai didesnis, lyginant su kontroliniu eksperimentu (t. y. CAR rodiklis, lyginant su pradine reikšme, 26% sumažėjo dehidratacijos eksperimento metu; rehidratacijos eksperimento ⎯ 42%; kontrolinio tyrimo metu ⎯ 15%). MVJ ir TT-100 Hz sukeltos jėgos momento rodiklių kaita krūvio metu tarp eksperimentų reikšmingai nesiskyrė.Raktažodžiai: izometrinis krūvis, raumenų centrinis aktyvavimo laipsnis, rektalinė temperatūra, pasyvus šildymas.
Peculiarities of Cardiovascular Reactions of Elite Greco‑Roman Wrestlers to Repetitive Dosed Exercise Test
Authors: Buliuolis Alfonsas , Ežerskis Mindaugas , Poderienė Kristina 
Published: May 2019

Research background and hypothesis. The synergy of central and peripheral changes while performing easy exercises in repetitive manner should show central or peripheral changes which start increasing and become a trigger for functional mobilization.Research aim. The aim of this study was to determine the mobilization peculiarities of central and peripheral cardiovascular function in Greco-Roman wrestlers cohort while performing a dosed exercise test in repetitive manner.Research methods. Greco-Roman wrestlers, sprinters, endurance runners and non-athletes underwent three Roufier tests (30 squats per 45s) with 2 minutes of recovery between them. The changes in the heart rate (HR) and JT interval taken from 12-lead ECG and O 2 desaturation (StO 2 ) registered by near-infrared spectroscopy were analyzed.Research results. HR increased and JT interval decreased more and more in both non-athlete cohorts while there were no significant changes in all three athlete cohorts, i. e. we did not find any summing effects of the repetition of workloads. The tendency of increase in StO 2 at the second minute after the dosed workload was greater and greater with each consequent repetition of the testing workload in all cohorts.Discussion and conclusions. We have proved our hypothesis that peripheral changes during repetitive exercising start increasing earlier than the central ones. The dynamics of central and peripheral cardiovascular indices in non-athlete cohorts while repeating a dosed aerobic exercise test every two minutes demonstrates the cumulative effect of physical exertion whereas in elite Greco-Roman wrestlers as well as in other individuals adapted to physical loads functional indices reiterated.Keywords: electrocardiogram, dosed exercise test, oxygen saturation.
Attitudes of Physical Education Teachers and Students towards Manifestations of Tolerance
Authors: Dumčienė Audronė , Saulius Tomas 
Published: May 2019

Research background and hypothesis. In academic literature construct of tolerance has not been sufficiently revealed, limits of tolerance are not clear, especially they vary in different cultures. There is a noticeable increase in the number of children from various ethnic groups in Lithuanian schools. Therefore, multidimensional knowledge of various manifestations of tolerance/intolerance is of great importance. Research aim was to reveal attitudes of PE teachers and students towards manifestations of tolerance/intolerance.Research methods. In our research questionnaire was applied with six groups of tolerance manifestations distinguished altogether with 36 related statements. There were six other statements according to six groups of tolerance manifestations for the potential behavior of participants. Validity of the questionnaire was examined calculating Cronbach’s constant α: for the first part of the questionnaire Cronbach’s α = 0.87, and for the second – α = 0.79. Values of χ 2 and Student’s t criterion were calculated. The sample of the research included 243 students of IX-XII classes form regional schools, 129 students of the same age from city schools, 47 physical education teachers from city schools and 38 teachers from regional schools. Research results. We found statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between positive attitudes towards tolerance among students from city schools and positive attitudes among students from regional schools. Statistically significant difference between positive attitudes towards tolerance for PE teachers from city schools and positive attitudes for those from regional schools was not found (p > 0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences between positive attitudes towards tolerance of students from city schools and PE teachers from city schools (χ 2 (5) = 37.27; p < 0.05), also between positive attitudes towards tolerance of students from regional schools and PE teachers from regional schools (χ 2 (5) = 37.27; p < 0.05). We found statistically significant difference (t = 3.81; p < 0.05) between tolerance estimators of students and PE teachers from city schools. On the other hand, relevant differences between tolerance estimators of students from city schools and from regional schools, and differences between tolerance estimators of PE teachers from city schools and from regional schools were not found (p > 0.05).Discussion and conclusion: in fact, attitudes towards intolerance, which are incident to the PE teachers from city schools and their colleagues from regional schools, did not differ, but they contrasted with students’ attitudes. In cases of intolerance manifestations, students from city schools would be more passive than students from regional schools, but PE teachers from city schools would be more active than their students.Keywords: tolerance, intolerance, social distance.
Sport as the Basic Contents of Leisure in Biodromal Perspective. An Example of Long-Distance Runners
Authors: Bednář Miloš , Malinauskas Romualdas 
Published: May 2019

Background. The study analyses sport as the basic contents of leisure in biodromal perspective ad the ascetic lifestyle of an athlete. Ascetic lifestyle is observed not only as it contributes to the best performances, but also to lifelong participation including, for instance, long-distance runners with the stage of minimally 20 years of competition racing. The latter is the centre of our attention. The object of the research is sport as the basic contents of leisure in biodromal perspective. Research aim is to analyse the ascetic lifestyle of an athlete; to map the real role of asceticism in the sports sphere on example of long-distance runners.Methods. We researched a special group of long-distance runners with the stage of minimally 20 years of competition racing (168 athletes). A research questionnaire with this special group was implemented. Descriptive statistical evaluation was performed.Results. We found noticeable ascetic features of lifestyle among long-distance runners with the stage of minimally 20 years of competition racing. They exercise (it is an original meaning of the Greek word askésis) both body and will in lifelong horizon. They know that running (which is higher level of jogging) is also joined with some portion of pain and they are ready to sign a specific runners´ motto: “Pain is inevitable. Suffering is optional.” If the option is “suffering”, the situations open the way to peak experiences.Conclusion. Promoting “reasonable asceticism” can be one aspect of raison d´être of today’s sport in this postmodern world with the supremacy of hedonistic orientation.Keywords: leisure, running, lifestyle, motivation, asceticism.
Body and Functional Capacity of Lithuanian Deaf Basketball Team Players and Characteristics of Game Indices
Authors: Milašius Kazys , Paulauskas Rūtenis , Dadelienė Rūta , Šatas Algimantas 
Published: May 2019

Background. The purpose of the present study was to establish and evaluate body capacity and functional capacity of Lithuanian deaf basketball national team players, 2013 Deaflympic champions, and to provide the data analysis of the players’ participation in Deaflympic Games comparing it with the data of participation in the Games of 2005 and 2009.Deaflympic Games comparing it with the data of participation in the Games of 2005 and 2009.Methods. The group of investigated persons included 12 Lithuanian deaf basketball national team members. Basketball players’ body development, body and functional capacity testing was performed. Method of systemic analysis was employed to perform comparative analysis of Lithuanian deaf basketball national team players’ game indicators.Results. The results of our research showed that body development and physical capacity indices of Lithuanian deaf basketball national team players who participated in 2013 Deaflympic Games allowed accomplishing the technical and tactical requirements of contemporary basketball for players of such level. Lithuanian deaf basketball national team members have demonstrated better results in muscle mass and reached higher physical capacities comparing to those of the participants of the previous Games. This increase resulted in improved quality of the game and for the first time becoming gold medals winners. Conclusion. Comparative analysis of game indices of the teams having participated in various Games showed that the majority of the competitive activity indices were better in 2013 Games in Sofia: field of goals precision was 49.2%, the high number of defensive rebounds and less turnovers during competitions allowed very effective fast breaks.Keywords: muscle power, body composition, psychomotor functions, agility game activity.
A Cidade em “Guerra”: a Vila da Paz e sua história (Teresina, 1986-1990)
Authors: De Sousa Neto Marcelo , Viana da Silva Karina 
Published: May 2019

Recebido: 02/10/2018Aprovado: 17/12/2018Publicado: 10/12/2018Inserido no contexto de expansão das cidades brasileiras durante a redemocratização, o presente artigo tem como interesse central discutir o processo de expansão e ocupação dos espaços da cidade de Teresina (PI), destacando as formas de acesso à moradia e a problemáticas que envolvam histórias, memórias e a relação dos sujeitos com o cenário urbano. Dessa maneira, o trabalho analisa os mecanismos de ocupação e disputas políticas existentes no bairro Vila da Paz, no recorte de 1986 a 1990, tomando como ponto de partida das análises o processo de ocupação da área e as disputas entre herdeiros, ocupantes e Estado, destacando o início de sua urbanização e a atuação da Igreja Católica na definição dos contornos tomados pela comunidade. Nesse percurso, a pesquisa lançou mão do estudo hemerográfico e do uso da metodologia da História Oral, a partir de entrevistas temáticas com moradores da Vila, no intuito de discutir como a imprensa retratava a ocupação da Vila e os significados atribuídos por seus primeiros moradores sobre o processo. Palavras-chave: Cidade; Urbanização; Memória; Vila da Paz; Teresina (PI).
Alguns Apontamentos Sobre Racismo e Luta de Classes
Authors: Da Silva Junior Antônio Moreira , Da Silva Wellington Amâncio 
Published: May 2019

Recebido: 13/12/2018Aprovado: 29/12/2018Publicado: 10/12/2018O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as particularidades e possíveis articulações entre racismo e sociedade de classes enquanto processos construídos histórica, social e culturalmente. O texto traz informações sobre o racismo explanando suas origens, e justificando que o mesmo só tem razão de ser mediante a sociedade comercial. Levanta também a questão referente ao condicionamento que alguns segmentos são submetidos para concretizar sua adestração e dominação. Sugere que só através da consciência da sociedade de classes e seu fim poderemos tornar o mundo mais humano. Palavras-chave: racismo; condicionamento; classe social; capitalismo