bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term risk of maternal renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Barrett Peter M , McCarthy Fergus P , Kublickiene Karolina , Evans Marie , Cormican Sarah , Judge Conor , Perry Ivan J , Kublickas Marius , Stenvinkel Peter , Khashan Ali S 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionAdverse pregnancy outcomes, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes (GDM) and preterm birth have been linked to maternal cardiovascular disease in later life. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased risk of postpartum microalbuminuria, but there is no clear consensus on whether HDP increases the risk of maternal chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Similarly, it is uncertain whether GDM, preterm birth and delivery of low birth-weight infants independently predict the risk of maternal renal disease in later life. The aims of this proposed systematic review and meta-analysis are to summarise the available evidence examining the association between adverse outcomes of pregnancy (HDP, GDM, preterm birth, delivery of low birth-weight infant) and later maternal renal disease and to synthesise the results of relevant studies.Methods and analysisA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science will be undertaken using a detailed prespecified search strategy. Two authors will independently review the titles and abstracts of all studies, perform data extraction and appraise the quality of included studies using a bias classification tool. Original case–control and cohort studies published in English will be considered for inclusion. Primary outcomes of interest will be CKD and ESKD; secondary outcomes will be hospitalisation for renal disease and deaths from renal disease. Meta-analyses will be performed to calculate the overall pooled estimates using the generic inverse variance method. The systematic review will follow the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis will be based on published data, and thus there is no requirement for ethics approval. The results will be shared through publication in a peer reviewed journal and through presentations at academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018110891
Sexually transmitted infections in young people and factors associated with HIV coinfection: an observational study in a large city
Authors: Sentís Alexis , Martin-Sanchez Mario , Arando Maider , Vall Martí , Barbera María Jesus , Ocaña Inma , González Cordón Ana , Alsina Mercè , Martin-Ezquerra Gemma , Knobel Hernando , Gurguí Mercè , Vives Alvaro , Coll Josep , Caylà Joan Artur , Garcia de Olalla Patricia 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesYoung people are a critical target group for sexually transmitted infections (STI) surveillance due to their particular behavioural and social related vulnerability. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and trends in the incidence of gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV and venereal lymphogranuloma (LGV) among 15–24-year-olds in Barcelona, and to determine factors associated with HIV coinfection.DesignWe performed a population-based incidence study covering the 2007–2015 period.ParticipantsAll new cases of STI—HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV—notified to the epidemiological surveillance system in Barcelona between 2007 and 2015. 1218 cases were studied: 84.6% were men, 19.3% were 15–19 years old and 50.6% were born in Spain. Among men, 73.7% were men who have sex with men (MSM); among women, 85.6% were women that have sex with men.Primary and secondary outcomesIncidence of HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV. HIV coinfection.ResultsThere was an increase in the incidence of gonorrhoea, from 1.9 cases per 10 000 people in 2007 to 7.6/10 000 in 2015 (p<0.01), in MSM from 27.1 to 228.8/10 000 (p<0.01). The incidence of syphilis increased from 0.4/10 000 in 2007 to 3.1/10 000 in 2015 (significant in men only, p<0.01), in MSM from 18.1 to 116.9/10 000 (p<0.01). The incidence of HIV showed a non-significant increase in men (p=0.27), and that of LGV remained stable (p=0.59). Factors associated with increased risk of HIV coinfection included being MSM (adjusted OR[ORa]=14.14, 95% CI 3.34 to 59.91) and having >10 sexual partners (ORa=4.11, 95% CI 1.53 to 11.01) or STI diagnosis during the previous 12 months (ORa=2.06; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.77).ConclusionsThe incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis among 15–24-year-olds increased, while HIV infection remained stable but with a high incidence among MSM. Being MSM, having sex with multiple partners and having a diagnosis of an STI in the previous 12 months were factors associated with HIV coinfection.
Is incident rheumatoid arthritis interstitial lung disease associated with methotrexate treatment? Results from a multivariate analysis in the ERAS and ERAN inception cohorts
Authors: Kiely Patrick , Busby A D , Nikiphorou E , Sullivan K , Walsh D A , Creamer P , Dixey J , Young A 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo assess predictive factors for rheumatoid arthritis interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) in two early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) inception cohorts with a focus on methotrexate (MTX) exposure.DesignMulticentre prospective early RA inception cohort studies; the early RA study (ERAS) and the early RA network (ERAN).SettingSecondary care, ERAS nine centres, ERAN 23 centres in England, Wales and Ireland.ParticipantsPatients with new diagnosis of RA, n=2701. Standardised data including demographics, drug therapies and clinical outcomes including the presence of RA-ILD were collected at baseline, within 3–6 months, at 12 months and annually thereafter.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome was the association of MTX exposure on RA-ILD diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were the association of demographic, comorbid and RA-specific factors on RA-ILD diagnosis and the association of MTX exposure on time to RA-ILD diagnosis.ResultsOf 92 eligible ILD cases, 39 occurred in 1578 (2.5%) MTX exposed and 53 in 1114 (4.8%) non-MTX exposed cases. The primary analysis of RA-ILD cases only developing after any conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment (n=67) showed MTX exposure not to be associated with incident RA-ILD (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.49, p=0.578) and a non-significant trend for delayed ILD diagnosis (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.06, p=0.072). In an extended analysis including RA-ILD cases present at RA diagnosis (n=92), MTX exposure was associated with a significantly reduced risk of incident RA-ILD (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.79, p=0.004) and longer time to ILD diagnosis (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.75, p=0.004). Other independent baseline associations with incident RA-ILD were higher age of RA onset, ever smoking, male gender, rheumatoid nodules and longer time from first RA symptom to first outpatient visit.ConclusionsMTX treatment was not associated with an increased risk of RA-ILD diagnosis. On the contrary, evidence suggested that MTX may delay the onset of ILD.
First reported detection of biofilm formation byCampylobacter fetusduring investigation of a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis
Authors: Lynch Caoimhe , O'Connor James A , O'Brien Deirdre , Vaughan Carl , Bolton Declan , Coffey Aidan , Lucey Brigid 
Published: May 2019

AimsCampylobacter fetussubspfetus(CFF) can cause intestinal illness, particularly in immunocompromised humans, with the potential to cause severe systemic infections. CFF is a zoonotic pathogen with a broad host range among farm animals and humans, inducing abortion in sheep and cows. The current paper describes a strain of CFF isolated from a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis in Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland, during 2017. Only five cases ofC. fetusas a cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis have been reported in the literature, with no reports of biofilm formation within the species.MethodsThe aetiological strain was speciated and subspeciated by the VITEK 2 NH card and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. CFF biofilm formation was analysed using a crystal violet staining method.C. jejuniNational Collection of Type Cultures (NCTC) 11168 was used as a positive control organism. Strains were incubated statically in Mueller-Hinton broth and Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with 0.025% sodium deoxycholate for 3 and 7 days at 37°C, microaerobically.ResultsThe CFF strain formed stronger attached biofilms on polystyrene plates on day 3 (72 hours) than theC. jejuniNCTC 11168 control strain, but were weaker than the control strain on day 7 in Mueller-Hinton broth. Monoculture of thisC. fetusisolate was found to exist in three defined forms of biofilms (attached, air–liquid interface and floccules).ConclusionsThis clinically significantC. fetusisolate showed considerable biofilm-forming capability, which we suggest conferred a survivalist advantage, contributing to the genesis of infective prosthetic valve endocarditis.
Comparative effectiveness of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with prior myocardial infarction
Authors: Ko Dennis , Azizi Paymon , Koh Maria , Chong Alice , Austin Peter , Stukel Therese , Jackevicius Cynthia 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveAlthough ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly prescribed for patients with coronary artery disease, whether these medications are similarly effective is still a subject of intense debate. Our objective was to compare the clinical effectiveness of ACEIs and ARBs in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsAll residents older than 65 years, alive on 1 April 2012, with a prior MI were included. Propensity weighting was used to balance potentially confounding baseline covariates between the treatment groups. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalisation for MI or unstable angina at 3 years.ResultsOur cohort included 59 353 patients with MI; their mean age was 77 years and 40% were women. In the propensity-weighted cohort, the primary outcome occurred in 6.5% in the ACEI group and 5.7% in the ARB group at 1 year (HR comparing ACEI with ARB 1.14, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.23, p<0.001). At 3 years, the primary outcome occurring in 16.0% with ACEIs and 15.1% with ARBs (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.12; p<0.001). A significant interaction with sex was observed, with women prescribed ACEIs having a higher hazards (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) compared with ARBs, while no significant difference was seen among men (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.06, interaction p<0.001).ConclusionsDespite previous concerns regarding ARBs, we found that they had slightly lower rates of adverse clinical cardiovascular outcomes among older patients with MI compared with ACEIs. The observed difference in clinical outcomes may be related to a sex difference in effectiveness.
Sympathetic blocks for complex regional pain syndrome: a survey of pain physicians
Authors: Zhu Xiaoying , Kohan Lynn R , Morris Joshua D , Hamill-Ruth Robin J 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundSympathetic blocks (SB) are commonly used to treat pain from complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). However, there are currently no guidelines to assist pain physicians in determining the best practices when using and performing these procedures.MethodsA 32-question survey was developed on how SBs are used and performed to treat CRPS. The survey was conducted online via SurveyMonkey. The responses were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, and comparing academic versus non-academic, and fellowship versus non-fellowship-trained physicians.ResultsA total of 248 pain physicians responded with a response rate of 37%. Forty-four percent of respondents schedule the first SB at the first clinic visit; 73% perform one to three consecutive blocks; over 50% will repeat the block if a patient receives at least 50% pain relief from the previous one lasting 1–7 days.Fifty-four percent of respondents perform stellate ganglion blocks (SGB) at the C6 vertebral level, 41% at C7; 53% perform lumbar sympathetic blocks (LSB) at L3 level, 39% at L2; 50% use fluoroscopy to guide SGB, 47% use ultrasound. More respondents from academic than non-academic centers use ultrasound for SGB. About 75% of respondents use a total volume of 5–10 mL for SGB and 10–20 mL for LSB. The most commonly used local anesthetic is 0.25% bupivacaine. About 50% of respondents add other medications, mostly steroids, for these blocks.ConclusionOur study showed a wide variation in current practice among pain physicians in treating CRPS with SBs. There is a clear need for evidence-based guidelines on when and how to perform SBs for CRPS.
Mycoplasma genitaliumincidence, persistence, concordance between partners and progression: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cina Manuel , Baumann Lukas , Egli-Gany Dianne , Halbeisen Florian S , Ali Hammad , Scott Pippa , Low Nicola 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundMycoplasma genitaliumis increasingly seen as an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen, and has been likened toChlamydia trachomatis, but its natural history is poorly understood. The objectives of this systematic review were to determineM. genitaliumincidence, persistence, concordance between sexual partners and the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).MethodsWe searched Medline, EMBASE, LILACS, IndMed and African Index Medicus from 1 January 1981 until 17 March 2018. Two independent researchers screened studies for inclusion and extracted data. We examined results in forest plots, assessed heterogeneity and conducted meta-analysis where appropriate. Risk of bias was assessed for all studies.ResultsWe screened 4634 records and included 18 studies; six (4201 women) reported on incidence, five (636 women) on persistence, 10 (1346 women and men) on concordance and three (5139 women) on PID. Incidence in women in two very highly developed countries was 1.07 per 100 person-years (95% CI 0.61 to 1.53, I20%). Median persistence ofM. genitaliumwas estimated from one to three months in four studies but 15 months in one study. In 10 studies measuringM. genitaliuminfection status in couples, 39%–50% of male or female sexual partners of infected participants also hadM. genitaliumdetected. In prospective studies, PID incidence was higher in women withM. genitaliumthan those without (risk ratio 1.73, 95% CI 0.92 to 3.28, I20%, two studies).DiscussionIncidence ofM. genitaliumin very highly developed countries is similar to that forC. trachomatis, but concordance might be lower. Taken together with other evidence about age distribution and antimicrobial resistance in the two infections,M. genitaliumis not the new chlamydia. Synthesised data about prevalence, incidence and persistence ofM. genitaliuminfection are inconsistent. These findings can be used for mathematical modelling to investigate the dynamics ofM. genitalium.Registration numbersCRD42015020420, CRD42015020405
Long‐Term Follow‐Up of Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation in a Pediatric Population: Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Complications
Authors: Frontera Antonio , Vlachos Konstantinos , Kitamura Takeshi , Mahida Saagar , Pillois Xavier , Fahy Gerard , Marquie Christelle , Cappato Riccardo , Stuart Graham , Defaye Pascal , Kaski Juan Pablo , Ector Joris , Maltret Alice , Scanu Patrice , Pasquie Jean‐Luc , Deisenhofer Isabelle , Blankoff Ivan , Scherr Daniel , Manninger Martin , Aizawa Yoshifusa , Koutbi Linda , Denis Arnaud , Pambrun Thomas , Ritter Philippe , Sacher Frederic , Hocini Meleze , Maury Philippe , Jaïs Pierre , Bordachar Pierre , Haïssaguerre Michel , Derval Nicolas 
Published: May 2019

Background

The natural history and long‐term outcome in pediatric patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (
IVF
) are poorly characterized. We sought to define the clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of a pediatric cohort with an initial diagnosis of
IVF
.

Methods and Results

Patients were included from an International Registry of
IVF
(consisting of 496 patients). Inclusion criteria were: (1)
VF
with no identifiable cause following comprehensive analysis for ischemic, electrical or structural heart disease and (2) age ≤16 years. These included 54 pediatric
IVF
cases (age 12.7±3.7 years, 59% male) among whom 28 (52%) had a previous history of syncope (median 2 syncopal episodes [interquartile range 1]). Thirty‐six (67%) had
VF
in situations associated with high adrenergic tone. During a median 109±12 months of follow‐up, 31 patients (57%) had recurrence of ventricular arrhythmias, mainly
VF
. Two patients developed phenotypic expression of an inherited arrhythmia syndrome during follow‐up (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and long
QT
syndrome, respectively). A total of 15 patients had positive genetic testing for inherited arrhythmia syndromes. Ten patients (18%) experienced device‐related complications. Three patients (6%) died, 2 due to
VF
storm.

Conclusions

In pediatric patients with
IVF
, a minority develop a definite clinical phenotype during long‐term follow‐up. Recurrent
VF
is common in this patient group.
Is it Possible to Identify ‘Orality’?
Authors: Moretti Paola Francesca 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFirst, based on analysis of some—mostly late—Latin texts that positively reflect actual oral delivery, I present some remarks on structure and frequency of Verb-Phrases ‘auxiliary+infinitive’ as arguable markers of ‘orality’ in Latin. Second, I examine the occurrence of these Verb-Phrases in some works by Ambrose of Milan and show that, on the one hand, the investigation of Verb-Phrases might support the view that the De sacramentis and Explanatio symboli are unrevised catecheses, but, on the other hand, it is of no help in the conjecture of the degree of elaboration undergone by those works that, stemming from an oral homiletic delivery, were later revised in view of publication.
Jer 25,1-14 im masoretischen und im alexandrinischen Text des Jeremiabuchs Ein Gespräch mit Shimon Gesundheit
Authors: Stipp Hermann-Josef 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The article casts doubt on Shimon Gesundheit’s theory, published in this journal (VT 62 [2012] 29-57), that in the case of Jer 25,1-14—contrary to mainstream scholarly opinion—the Masoretic text form commands priority over the edition represented by the LXX. Even though Gesundheit’s approach is basically sound, his results fail to convince. The conclusions drawn from a diachronic analysis of the passage hold wider implications for the redaction history of the book of Jeremiah, the working philosophies of the ancient tradents of the book, and exegetical method in general.
Metaphors of Miscarriage in the Psalms
Authors: Grohmann Marianne 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The article applies the conceptual blending theory of metaphor to a specific imagery in the Psalms: metaphors of miscarriage or stillbirth. It asks whether miscarriage is considered a real threat or a “mere” metaphor in these texts, and situates the texts within the conceptual systems about miscarriage and stillbirth in the Hebrew Bible and the ancient Near East. In the Psalms, miscarriage and stillbirth are described by three terms with different connotations: שכל (bereavement) in Ps 35:12, נפל (falling down) in Ps 58:9, and יצא (going forth/coming out) in Ps 144:14. Conceptual blending offers a framework to integrate both “literal” and “metaphoric” references to miscarriage in the Psalms.
Form and Content in the Story of Asa in 2 Chr 13:23b-16:14: A Diachronic-Synchronic Reading
Authors: Amar Itzhak 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In contrast to the brief and positive Deuteronomistic description of Asa’s reign (1 Kgs 15:9-24), the Chronicler provides us with a complex, lengthy account (2 Chr 13:23b-16:14). The first part of his rule is depicted as good, the second as bad. This formulation creating various thematic, chronological, linguistic, and theological problems. Analyzing these both diachronically and synchronically, the complementary approach adopted herein reveals the unit’s constitutive components, together with the central themes shaping it. Hereby, we gain a broader and deeper picture of the way in which Asa is portrayed, particularly in comparison with of his predecessors, Rehoboam and Abijah on the one hand and Jehoshaphat on the other.
Hatching dynamics of the beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, following exposure to root leachates from cultivars of sugar beet, white mustard and radish
Authors: Wright Alistair J.D. , Sparkes Debbie L. , Stevens Mark , Back Matthew A. 
Published: May 2019

Summary
The hatching and emergence of juveniles from cysts of Heterodera schachtii in response to various stimuli are well understood. These responses relate to means of optimising the chances of successful reproduction and survival of populations. However, the effect of different cultivars of host species is not so well understood. To gain a further understanding of any differences between cultivars of host species, we conducted a number of experiments using root leachates obtained from a range of cultivars of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), radish (Raphanus sativus) and white mustard (Sinapis alba). Heterodera schachtii cysts were exposed to root leachate solutions in in vitro laboratory assays during which emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2) from cysts was monitored weekly. Significant differences in the stimulation of hatch of J2 were found in response to different sugar beet cultivars and these differences may be driven by differing growth habits of such varieties. However, results obtained from experiments using brassica varieties showed contrasting responses. In one experiment, root leachates appeared to inhibit hatch of J2. However, two experiments did show a stimulation of hatch of J2 and also significant differences in hatch responses due to the age of the plant. These findings may help develop future screening procedures for brassica trap crops and help identify those that show the greatest potential for H. schachtii control.
Reconfiguring the South Sudanese Women’s Movement
Authors: Edward Jane Kani 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article examines multiple aspects that prompted the emergence and development of the women’s movement in South Sudan. It intends to outline challenges and opportunities for the women’s movement over the years. Indeed, there are numerous sociocultural, economic, political, and structural aspects that impinge on women’s collective actions and mobilization. Nevertheless, this article focuses on how the efforts of the women’s movement strived to articulate and promote critical issues related to women and gender in South Sudan that are partly constrained by three interrelated factors: its close association with the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM), persistent civil wars and political instability, and donor agencies’ influence on its agenda and activities. The paper argues that, without any tangible changes in these dynamics, the women’s movement in South Sudan will not be able to simultaneously and effectively tackle practical and strategic gender concerns and interests and achieve gender equality in South Sudan.
Rüsen’s Legacy of Synthetic Historicism
Authors: Fernández Vega Juan L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The English translation of Jörn Rüsen’s Historik is a major event in the global community of the theory of history. Few contemporary thinkers in this field have been so systematic and comprehensive as Rüsen. This book, rendered as Evidence and Meaning, is the outcome of a whole life devoted to the renewal of German historicism. Rüsen’s contribution mirrors the great debates held in West Germany since the 1960s about the theory of history (Historik), discussions that prompted a conjoint reassessment of the old dispute between historicist academia and Marxist or Weberian sociologism, including the consequences of the linguistic turn. Rüsen has opened the German historicist tradition toward spaces of compromise with the Western “scientific” or more generalizing history. Furthermore, Rüsen’s synthetic historicism, with its insistence on praxis, might be taken as a case of convergent evolution between German and American syntheses of historical life and historical knowledge.