bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ simulation and its effects on patient outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Goldshtein Daniel , Krensky Cole , Doshi Sachin , Perelman Vsevolod S. 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe use of in situ simulation has previously been shown to increase confidence, teamwork and practical skills of trained professionals. However, a direct benefit to patient outcomes has not been sufficiently explored. This review focuses on the effect of in situ simulation training in a hospital setting on morbidity or mortality.MethodsA combined search was conducted in PUBMED, OVID, WEB OF SCIENCE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and EMBASE. 478 studies were screened with nine articles published between 2011 and 2017 meeting the inclusion criteria for analysis.ResultsThis review selected eight prospective studies and one prospective-retrospective study. Three studies isolated in situ simulation as an experimental variable while the remaining studies implemented in situ programmes as a component of larger quality improvement initiatives. Seven studies demonstrated a significant improvement in morbidity and/or mortality outcomes following integrated in situ simulation training.ConclusionExisting literature, albeit limited, demonstrates that in situ training improves patient outcomes either in isolation or within a larger quality improvement programme. However, existing evidence contains difficulties such as isolating the impact of in situ training from various potential confounding factors and potential for publication bias.
The Casimir effect in string theory
Authors: Kehagias Alexandros , Partouche Hervé 
Published: April 2019

We discuss the Casimir effect in heterotic string theory. This is done by considering a [Formula: see text] twist acting on one external compact direction and three internal coordinates. The hyperplanes fixed by the orbifold generator [Formula: see text] realize the two infinite parallel plates. For the latter to behave as “conducting material,” we implement in a modular invariant way the projection [Formula: see text] on the spectrum running in the vacuum-to-vacuum amplitude at one-loop. Hence, the relevant projector to account for the Casimir effect is orthogonal to that commonly used in string orbifold models which is [Formula: see text]. We find that this setup yields the same net force acting on the plates in the context of quantum field theory and string theory. However, when supersymmetry is not present from the onset, finiteness of the resultant force in field theory is reached by adding formally infinite forces acting on either side of each plate, while in string theory, both contributions are finite. On the contrary, when supersymmetry is spontaneously broken à la Scherk–Schwarz, finiteness of each contribution is fulfilled in field and string theory.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Versus Human Chorionic Gonadotropin for Ovulation Induction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Ha Anh N. , Pham Toan D. , Dang Vinh Q. , Vuong Lan N. , Ho Tuong M. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Gonadotropins have been recommended to improve ovulation, pregnancy and live birth rates in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with anovulatory infertility and clomiphene citrate (CC) resistance. However, this could increase the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) triggering could significantly reduce the risk of OHSS in patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation. However, data on the use of GnRHa in intrauterine insemination (IUI) is limited. This study compared the effectiveness of GnRHa and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for ovulation induction in PCOS patients undergoing IUI. Methods: This non-inferiority, single-centre, randomised controlled trial was conducted at IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between April 2016 and May 2018. PCOS patients aged 18–37 years with CC resistance and [Formula: see text] 3 developing ([Formula: see text] 16 mm) follicles on trigger day after stimulation with gonadotropins were eligible. Those with uterine abnormalities or tubal damage or inseminated with frozen semen were excluded. Triptorelin 0.1 mg or hCG 5000 IU was used when there was [Formula: see text] 1 follicle of [Formula: see text] 17 mm. IUI was performed at 36 hours after triggering. Primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy. Secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, miscarriage and OHSS. Results: A total of 380 patients were randomised (190 per group). Treatment groups had similar characteristics at baseline. Ongoing pregnancy rate was 23.7% in the GnRHa group versus 25.3% in the hCG group (Relative risk 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–1.34; p [Formula: see text] 0.81). Secondary outcome parameters were also not significantly different between the two groups. There were two cases of mild OHSS in the hCG group and none in the GnRHa group. Conclusion: 0.1 mg triptorelin was non-inferior to 5000 IU hCG IU in PCOS patients undergoing ovulation induction by hMG followed by IUI with respect to pregnancy outcomes.
Simultaneous Comparison of Electrocardiographic Imaging and Epicardial Contact Mapping in Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Graham Adam J. , Orini Michele , Zacur Ernesto , Dhillon Gurpreet , Daw Holly , Srinivasan Niel T. , Lane Jem D. , Cambridge Alex , Garcia Jason , O’Reilly Nanci J. , Whittaker-Axon Sarah , Taggart Peter , Lowe Martin , Finlay Malcolm , Earley Mark J. , Chow Antony , Sporton Simon , Dhinoja Mehul , Schilling Richard J. , Hunter Ross J. , Lambiase Pier D. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The accuracy of ECG imaging (ECGI) in structural heart disease remains uncertain. This study aimed to provide a detailed comparison of ECGI and contact-mapping system (CARTO) electrograms.

Methods:

Simultaneous epicardial mapping using CARTO (Biosense-Webster, CA) and ECGI (CardioInsight) in 8 patients was performed to compare electrogram morphology, activation time (AT), and repolarization time (RT). Agreement between AT and RT from CARTO and ECGI was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient,
ρ

AT

and
ρ

RT

, root mean square error,
E

AT

and
E

RT

, and Bland-Altman plots.

Results:

After geometric coregistration, 711 (439–905; median, first-third quartiles) ECGI and CARTO points were paired per patient. AT maps showed
ρ

AT

=0.66 (0.53–0.73) and
E

AT

=24 (21–32) ms, RT maps showed
ρ

RT

=0.55 (0.41–0.71) and
E

RT

=51 (38–70) ms. The median correlation coefficient measuring the morphological similarity between the unipolar electrograms was equal to 0.71 (0.65–0.74) for the entire signal, 0.67 (0.59–0.76) for QRS complexes, and 0.57 (0.35–0.76) for T waves. Local activation map correlation,
ρ

AT

, was lower when default filters were used (0.60 (0.30–0.71),
P
=0.053). Small misalignment of the ECGI and CARTO geometries (below ±4 mm and ±4°) could introduce variations in the median
ρ

AT

up to ±25%. Minimum distance between epicardial pacing sites and the region of earliest activation in ECGI was 13.2 (0.0–28.3) mm from 25 pacing sites with stimulation to QRS interval <40 ms.

Conclusions:
This simultaneous assessment demonstrates that ECGI maps activation and repolarization parameters with moderate accuracy. ECGI and contact electrogram correlation is sensitive to electrode apposition and geometric alignment. Further technological developments may improve spatial resolution.
Genetic diversity of three Aegla species (Decapoda, Anomura) revealed by AFLP and mtDNA markers
Authors: Zimmermann Bianca L. , De Vargas Machado Jober V. , Santos Sandro , Bartholomei-Santos Marlise L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Representatives of the genus Aegla present a conserved morphology; thus, the increased use of molecular markers has raised many taxonomic issues. We used AFLP and mtDNA to investigate the genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of morphologically similar species with overlapping distribution areas in southern Brazil: A. georginae, A. ludwigi, and A. platensis. While A. platensis is widely distributed, the critically endangered A. georginae and A. ludwigi have limited distributions. Although both markers showed populations with low levels of genetic variability, they differed markedly in revealing relationships between populations; according to AFLP, the genetic distances between A. platensis populations were as high as those between distinct species, a result not observed when considering mtDNA data. We emphasize that the use of multiple lines of evidence is necessary for defining correct levels of genetic diversity and a good species-level taxonomic resolution. Such features are essential for the management and conservation of Aegla species.
First record of Propagurus haigae (McLaughlin, 1997) (Decapoda, Anomura, Paguridae) from Japan
Authors: Osawa Masayuki , Higashiji Takuo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Propagurus haigae (McLaughlin, 1997), a relatively large-sized species of Paguridae, is reported for the first time from Japanese waters based on a single specimen collected from a depth of 620 m off Ie Island, central Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. It is the third species of the genus Propagurus McLaughlin & de Saint Laurent, 1998 known from Japanese waters. The present specimen greatly extends the distribution range of P. haigae, because the previous northernmost record was the Molucca Sea in Indonesia.
Incomplete Secularization of History: Ethan Kleinberg and Hayden White
Authors: Chorell Torbjörn Gustafsson 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
According to the displacement model of secularization, religious-theological concepts, themes, and values have been reinterpreted in non-religious contexts without fully dispensing with the religious content. Secularization is thus incomplete. The incomplete secularization argument can be used as a lens through which to read Ethan Kleinberg’s deconstructive approach to the past. In his narrative, as reconstructed here, deconstruction promises to bring us closer to a secular relationship to the past than the ontological realism Kleinberg says still dominates contemporary historical theory. By contrasting Kleinberg’s analysis with Hayden White’s, whose oeuvre can be read as structured by the idea of incomplete secularization and a wish to liberate history from religious themes in order to enable a direct confrontation with meaninglessness, I argue that Kleinberg’s deconstructive approach does not fulfill its promise. Rather, it opens up a post-secular historiography in which religious themes might find a place at the very heart of historical reasoning.
A View of History from the Mountains: Daoist Hermitage in the Six Dynasties
Authors: Wei Bin , Lee Casey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDuring the Six Dynasties period, the cultural landscape of the mountains underwent a transformation. Most notable among these were the appearance of monasteries and Daoist temples as well as the system of immortals’ grottos and estates that accompanied the latter. Because of this shift, mountains began to constitute a special religious and cultural space. Two factors contributed to this shift. The first was religious, specifically, the movement of Daoist and Buddhist practice into mountain retreats. The second was political, namely, how political power was shaped by new geopolitical configurations centered on the city of Jiankang (Nanjing). With these two factors at work, a new cultural form and spatial configuration emerged from the mountains that reflects the intimate relationship between the Six Dynasties politics, society, and culture.
Mount Longjiao’s “Capital of Immortals” [龍角仙都]: Representation and Evolution of a Sacred Site from the Tang Dynasty
Authors: Lei Wen , Henderson Kathryn 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Abbey Celebrating the Tang [Qingtang guan 慶唐觀], a Daoist temple on Mount Longjiao in southern Shanxi Province, played a special role in the religious history of China in the Tang dynasty. Because of the myth that Laozi himself emerged from this mountain during the war to found the Tang state, this abbey was closely linked to the political legitimation of the Tang. Even plants in this abbey were regarded as the harbingers of the fate of the state. The emperor Xuanzong erected a huge stele in the Abbey Celebrating the Tang, demonstrating the support enjoyed from the royal house. Images of the six emperors, from Tang Gaozu to Xuanzong, were also held in the abbey. After the collapse of the Tang dynasty in 907, the Abbey Celebrating the Tang lost its political, legitimizing privileges, but its connection with the local community continued to develop well into the Song, Liao, Jin, and later dynasties. The creation and transformation of the Abbey Celebrating the Tang not only show the political influence of popular religion in ancient medieval China but also provide an interesting case of how a Daoist temple grew in popularity and prestige after it lost favor with the state.
Thinking Elsewhere
Authors: Marion Jean-Luc , Becker Brian W. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This essay traces the phenomenon of revelation beginning with the humblest (sports), to the most personal (love), to the most exalted (religion). Through this analysis, we discover several qualities of revelation: it reveals itself from itself, reveals a new world to me, and reveals another me to myself and to others. Turning to divine Revelation, a further set of concepts is uncovered: the witness who encounters a Revelation without understanding it, a resistance to the testimony of the witness, and a paradox that provokes this resistance by exceeding expectations. These qualities make Revelation both more intelligible and meaningful. For, while holding an exceptional privilege, divine Revelation nonetheless remains in continuity with phenomenality in general and, in arriving from elsewhere by its own initiative, it opens my eyes to the unfolding of its unseen reserves.
Double Hospitality
Authors: Kearney Richard 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A precarious balance exists between remaining faithful to one’s own language and history while also maintaining an ethical attentiveness to the Other. The danger in the former is the penchant for colonizing and violently reducing the Other. The danger of the later is a supine servility and inability to offer a linguistic home for welcoming the Other. To navigate these two extremes, the conditional hospitality of Ricoeur’s hermeneutics is brought into dialogue with the unconditional hospitality of Derrida’s deconstruction. What is needed is the more embodied approach of a carnal hospitality that assists in discerning the right ways of touching and not touching, of uniting word and body, teaching us how to incarnate the impossible possibility of reconciliation and forgiveness with the stranger.
Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera)
Authors: EL-HAWAGRY MAGDI S. , GILBERT FRANCIS 
Published: April 2019

All known Egyptian taxa of the family Syrphidae (flower flies or hover flies) are systematically catalogued. A total number of 51 species belonging to 22 genera, 7 tribes and 2 subfamilies has been treated, including eight species that are listed as unconfirmed records from Egypt. Data for this study have been compiled from both available literature and specimens collected from different Egyptian localities by the authors or preserved in the main Egyptian insect collections. Old World synonymies, type localities, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities and activity periods are provided. Remarks on habitat, habits and biology of particular species are provided as well. Two species, Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius) and Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus) are recorded for the first time from Egypt.
Interaction between the MJO and High-Frequency Waves over the Maritime Continent in Boreal Winter
Authors: Zhu Yan , Li Tim , Zhao Ming , Nasuno Tomoe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe two-way interaction between Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and higher-frequency waves (HFW) over the Maritime Continent (MC) during boreal winter of 1984–2005 is investigated. It is noted from observational analysis that strengthened (weakened) HFW activity appears to the west (east) of and under MJO convection during the MJO active phase and the opposite is seen during the MJO suppressed phase. Sensitivity model experiments indicate that the control of HFW activity by MJO is through change of the background vertical wind shear and specific humidity. The upscale feedbacks from HFW to MJO through nonlinear rectification of condensational heating and eddy momentum transport are also investigated with observational data. A significantly large amount (25%–40%) of positive heating anomaly () at low levels to the east of MJO convection is contributed by nonlinear rectification of HFW. This nonlinear rectification is primarily attributed to eddy meridional moisture advection. A momentum budget diagnosis reveals that 60% of MJO zonal wind tendency at 850 hPa is attributed to the nonlinear interaction of HFW with other scale flows. Among them, the largest contribution arises from eddy zonal momentum flux divergence . Easterly (westerly) vertical shear to the west (east) of MJO convection during the MJO active phase causes the strengthening (weakening) of the HFW zonal wind anomaly. This leads to the increase (decrease) of eddy momentum flux activity to the east (west) of the MJO convection, which causes a positive (negative) eddy zonal momentum flux divergence in the zonal wind transitional region during the MJO active (suppressed) phase, favoring the eastward propagation of the MJO.
On the Importance of Statistical Homogeneity to the Scaling of Rain
Authors: Jameson A. R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractScaling studies of rainfall are important for the conversion of observations and numerical model outputs among all the various scales. Two common approaches for determining scaling relations are the Fourier transform of observations and the Fourier transform of a correlation function using the Wiener–Khintchine (WK) theorem. In both methods, the observations must be wide-sense statistically stationary (WSS) in time or wide-sense statistically spatially homogeneous (WSSH) in space so that the correlation function and power spectrum form a Fourier transform pair. The focus here is on developing an explicit understanding for the requirement. Statistically heterogeneous (either in space or time) data can produce serious scaling errors. This work shows that the effects of statistical heterogeneity appear as contributions from cross correlations among all of the distinct contributing rainfall components using either method so that the correlation function and its FFT do not form a transform pair. Moreover, the transform then also depends upon the time and location of the observations so that the “observed” power spectrum no longer represents a “universal” scaling function beyond the observations. An index of statistical heterogeneity (IXH) defined in previous work provides a way of determining whether or not a set of rain data may be considered to be WSS or WSSH. The greater IXH exceeds the null, the more likely the derived power spectrum should not be used for general scaling. Numerical simulations and some observations are used to demonstrate all of these findings.
Medium-Range Convection-Allowing Ensemble Forecasts with a Variable-Resolution Global Model
Authors: Schwartz Craig S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Two sets of global, 132-h (5.5-day), 10-member ensemble forecasts were produced with the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) for 35 cases in April and May 2017. One MPAS ensemble had a quasi-uniform 15-km mesh while the other employed a variable-resolution mesh with 3-km cell spacing over the conterminous United States (CONUS) that smoothly relaxed to 15 km over the rest of the globe. Precipitation forecasts from both MPAS ensembles were objectively verified over the central and eastern CONUS to assess the potential benefits of configuring MPAS with a 3-km mesh refinement region for medium-range forecasts. In addition, forecasts from NCEP’s operational Global Ensemble Forecast System were evaluated and served as a baseline against which to compare the experimental MPAS ensembles. The 3-km MPAS ensemble most faithfully reproduced the observed diurnal cycle of precipitation throughout the 132-h forecasts and had superior precipitation skill and reliability over the first 48 h. However, after 48 h, the three ensembles had more similar spread, reliability, and skill, and differences between probabilistic precipitation forecasts derived from the 3- and 15-km MPAS ensembles were typically statistically insignificant. Nonetheless, despite fewer benefits of increased resolution for spatial placement after 48 h, 3-km ensemble members explicitly provided potentially valuable guidance regarding convective mode throughout the 132-h forecasts while the other ensembles did not. Collectively, these results suggest both strengths and limitations of medium-range high-resolution ensemble forecasts and reveal pathways for future investigations to improve understanding of high-resolution global ensembles with variable-resolution meshes.
Cry Wolf Effect? Evaluating the Impact of False Alarms on Public Responses to Tornado Alerts in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Lim JungKyu Rhys , Liu Brooke Fisher , Egnoto Michael 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
On average, 75% of tornado warnings in the United States are false alarms. Although forecasters have been concerned that false alarms may generate a complacent public, only a few research studies have examined how the public responds to tornado false alarms. Through four surveys (N = 4162), this study examines how residents in the southeastern United States understand, process, and respond to tornado false alarms. The study then compares social science research findings on perceptions of false alarms to actual county false alarm ratios and the number of tornado warnings issued by counties. Contrary to prior research, findings indicate that concerns about false alarm ratios generating a complacent public may be overblown. Results show that southeastern U.S. residents estimate tornado warnings to be more accurate than they are. Participants’ perceived false alarm ratios are not correlated with actual county false alarm ratios. Counterintuitively, the higher individuals perceive false alarm ratios and tornado alert accuracy to be, the more likely they are to take protective behavior such as sheltering in place in response to tornado warnings. Actual country false alarm ratios and the number of tornado warnings issued did not predict taking protective action.