bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Model for Low-Frequency Transmission Loss Calculation of Zero-Prestressed Plates With Arbitrary Mass Loading
Authors: Edwards William T. , Chang Chia-Ming , McKnight Geoffrey , Nutt Steven R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
As the importance of sound attenuation through weight-critical structures has grown and mass law based strategies have proven impractical, engineers have pursued alternative approaches for sound attenuation. Membrane-type acoustic metamaterials have demonstrated sound attenuation significantly higher than mass law predictions for narrow, tunable bandwidths. Similar phenomena can be achieved with plate-like structures. This paper presents an analytical model for the prediction of transmission loss through rectangular plates arbitrarily loaded with rigid masses, accommodating any combination of clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. Equations of motion are solved using a modal expansion approach, incorporating admissible eigenfunctions given by the natural mode shapes of single-span beams. The effective surface mass density is calculated and used to predict the transmission loss of low-frequency sound through the plate–mass structure. To validate the model, finite element results are compared against analytical predictions of modal behavior and shown to achieve agreement. The model is then used to explore the influence of various combinations of boundary conditions on the transmission loss properties of the structure, revealing that the symmetry of plate mounting conditions strongly affects transmission loss behavior and is a critical design parameter.
Passive Isolation by Nonlinear Boundaries for Flexible Structures
Authors: Mao Xiao-Ye , Ding Hu , Chen Li-Qun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A simple passive technique of vibration isolation for flexible structures by nonlinear boundaries is investigated, which to our best knowledge is the first study of its kind reported in the literature. The equations of the structure are derived with Hamilton’s principle. An iterative analytic method is investigated to improve the accuracy of the response prediction. The effect of nonlinear boundaries of the structure is studied compared with the linear structure. It is found that stronger nonlinearities in the boundary make the system more stable. Analytical and simulation results show that nonlinear boundaries can significantly reduce the vibration and stress of flexible structures. It is important to point out that with the help of nonlinear boundaries, structural vibration and stress control can be achieved without altering the original structure.
No association between abdominal pain and Dientamoeba in Dutch and Belgian children
Authors: Brands Martijn Ramon , Van de Vijver Els , Haisma Sjoukje Marije , Heida Anke , van Rheenen Patrick Ferry 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo study the association between Dientamoebafragilis colonisation and faecal calprotectin to see whether the parasite is a harmless commensal or a gut pathogen.DesignCross-sectional study of previously collected stool samples.Setting and patientsTwo hundred stool samples originated from children aged 5–19 years with chronic abdominal pain and diarrhoea, who were seen in paediatric clinics in the Netherlands and Belgium and in whom somatic gastrointestinal disorders were excluded. Another 122 samples came from a healthy community-based reference population of the same age. All stool samples were analysed with real-time PCR for the detection of D. fragilis and with an ELISA for calprotectin—a biomarker of gastrointestinal inflammation.Main outcome measuresPrevalence of D. fragilis colonisation and results of stool calprotectin testing.ResultsD. fragilis was detected in 45% (95% CI 38% to 51%) of patients and in 71% (95% CI 63% to 79%) of healthy children. Median (IQR) concentrations of calprotectin in patients and healthy children with a positive PCR result were not different from those with a negative PCR result (40 (40–55) μg/g vs 40 (40–75) μg/g, respectively).ConclusionSince D. fragilis colonisation is most prevalent in healthy children and is not associated with an increase in faecal calprotectin concentration, our data do not support the inference that D. fragilis is a pathogenic parasite. Routinely testing for D. fragilis in children with chronic abdominal pain should therefore be discouraged.
Impact of selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility test results in urinary tract infections in the outpatient setting: a protocol for a pragmatic, prospective quasi-experimental trial
Authors: Binda Francesca , Fougnot Sébastien , De Monchy Patrice , Fagot-Campagna Anne , Pulcini Céline , Thilly Nathalie 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionAntibiotic resistance is a serious and increasing worldwide threat to global public health. One of antibiotic stewardship programmes’ objectives are to reduce inappropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics’ prescription. Selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) results, which consists of reporting to prescribers only few (n=5-6) antibiotics, preferring first-line and narrow-spectrum agents, is one possible strategy advised in recommendations. However, selective reporting of AST has never been evaluated using an experimental design.Methods and analysisThis study is a pragmatic, prospective, multicentre, controlled (selective reporting vs usual complete reporting of AST), before-after (year 2019 vs 2017) study. Selective reporting of AST is scheduled to be implemented from September 2018 in the ATOUTBIO group of 21 laboratories for allEscherichia coliidentified in urine cultures in adult outpatients, and to be compared with the usual complete AST performed in the EVOLAB group of 20 laboratories. The main objective is to assess the impact of selective reporting of AST forE. coli-positive urine cultures in the outpatient setting on the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics frequently used for urinary tract infections (amoxicillin-clavulanate, third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones). The primary end point is the after (2019)–before (2017) difference in prescription rates for the previously mentioned antibiotics/classes that will be compared between the two laboratory groups, using linear regression models. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the feasibility of selective reporting of AST implementation by French laboratories and their acceptability by organising focus groups and individual semi-structured interviews with general practitioners and laboratory professionals.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by French national ethics committees (Comité d’expertise pour les recherches, les études et les évaluations dans le domaine de la santé (TPS 29064)andCommission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (Décision DR-2018–141)). Findings of this study will be widely disseminated through conference presentations, reports, factsheets and academic publications and generalisation will be further discussed.Trial registration numberNTC03612297.
Surgical congenital anomalies in Albania: incidence, prenatal diagnosis and outcome
Authors: Bakalli Ilirjana , Kola Elmira , Lluka Robert , Celaj Ermela , Sala Durim , Gjeta Inva , Sallabanda Sashenka , Klironomi Dea 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionSignificant progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of congenital anomalies (CA). In our study, we aimed to evaluate prenatal diagnosis, trend of surgical CA, mortality rate and the factors affecting their prognosis in our country.MethodsWe enrolled in our study all children with CA who underwent surgery from January 2008 to December 2017. We compared prenatal diagnosis, incidence and mortality for two 5-year periods: the first period in 2008–2012 and the second period in 2013–2017.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 321 cases with CA were presented, with an incidence of 0.69–1.18 per 1000 live births. Intestinal, anal and esophageal atresia remain the most important CAs (23%, 18% and 16%), followed by diaphragmatic hernia and gastroschisis (10% and 7%). Comparing the incidence for the two periods, we did not find statistical differences (p=0.73), but the mortality rate has been reduced from 31.4% during the first period to 24.6% during the second period (p=0.17). Prenatal diagnosis has increased: 28% in the second period compared with 10% in the first period (p<0.001), without significantly affecting the prognosis (p=0.09). Birth of premature babies resulted in a significantly negative predictive factor for the prognosis of these anomalies (p=0.0002).ConclusionIncidence of CA has not changed over the years in our country. Advances in intensive care, surgical techniques and parenteral nutrition made in recent years have significantly increased the survival of neonates born with surgical CA. Birth of premature babies was a significantly negative predictive factor for the prognosis of these anomalies.
Noninvasive and in vivo assessment of upper and lower limb skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism activity and microvascular responses to glucose ingestion in humans
Authors: Soares Rogério Nogueira , Colosio Alessandro L. , Murias Juan Manuel , Pogliaghi Silvia 
Published: February 2019

This study investigated changes in muscle oxidative metabolism and microvascular responsiveness induced by glucose ingestion in the upper and lower limbs using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Fourteen individuals (aged 27 ± 1.4 years) underwent 5 vascular occlusion tests (VOT) (pre-intervention (Pre), 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after glucose challenge). NIRS-derived oxygen saturation (StO2) was measured on the forearm and leg muscle at each VOT. Muscle oxidative metabolism was determined by the StO2downslope during cuff inflation (deoxygenation slope); microvascular responsiveness was estimated by the StO2upslope (reperfusion slope) following cuff deflation. There was a significant increase in arm (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.860) and leg (p < 0.05; 1-β = 1.000) oxidative metabolism activity as represented by the faster deoxygenation slope at 60, 90, and 120 min (0.08 ± 0.03, 0.08 ± 0.03, 0.08 ± 0.02%·s–1, respectively) (leg) and at 90 min (0.16 ± 0.08%·s−1) (arm) observed after glucose ingestion when compared with their respective Pre values (leg = 0.06 ± 0.02; arm = 0.11 ± 0.04%·s−1). There was a significant increase in arm (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.880) and leg (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.983) reperfusion slope at 60 min (arm = 3.63 ± 2.1%·s−1; leg = 1.56 ± 0.6%·s−1), 90 min (arm = 3.91 ± 2.1%·s−1; leg = 1.60 ± 0.6%·s−1), and 120 min (arm = 3.91 ± 1.6%·s−1; leg = 1.54 ± 0.6%·s−1) when compared with their Pre values (arm = 2.79 ± 1.7%·s−1; leg = 1.26 ± 0.5%·s−1). Our findings showed that NIRS–VOT technique is capable of detecting postprandial changes in muscle oxidative metabolism activity and microvascular reactivity in the upper and lower limb.Novelty NIRS-VOT is a promising noninvasive clinical approach that may help in the early, limb-specific detection of impairments in glucose oxidation and microvascular function.
Comparative proteome analysis of drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant maize leaves under osmotic stress
Authors: Pei Yuhe , Bai Jianfen , Guo Xinmei , Zhao Meiai , Ma Qingmei , Song Xiyun 
Published: February 2019

Drought is a major yield-limiting factor in maize production. Osmotic stress was applied to two maize inbred lines with polyethylene glycol 6000 treatments. Proteins from the leaves were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting at two time points, 24 and 48 h after osmotic stress. Thirty-five proteins were differentially expressed between control and treatment groups in the two maize inbred lines. In ‘Qi319’, a drought-tolerant inbred line, there were five up-regulated proteins at 24 h and 13 up-regulated and one down-regulated protein at 48 h. In drought-sensitive line ‘Zheng58’, 10 proteins were up-regulated at 24 h, while six proteins were up-regulated at 48 h. The 35 proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry and 17 proteins were successfully identified. These proteins were classified into six categories: photosynthesis-related, energy and metabolism, signaling pathways, protein synthesis, defense-related, and unclassified.
AAC Stronghold durum wheat
Authors: Ruan Y. , Singh A.K. , DePauw R.M. , Knox R.E. , Cuthbert R.D. , McCallum B. , Fetch T. , Beres B.L. 
Published: February 2019

AAC Stronghold durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] is adapted to the durum production area of the Canadian prairies. Averaged over 3 yr, AAC Stronghold yielded significantly more grain than AC Navigator. AAC Stronghold had a protein concentration significantly less than Strongfield but significantly more than Brigade. AAC Stronghold had a plant height significantly shorter than Brigade, Strongfield, and AAC Cabri, with a lodging score significantly less than Strongfield and AAC Cabri. AAC Stronghold has a solid stem, which confers resistance to cutting by the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton). AAC Stronghold had low grain cadmium concentration and stronger gluten than Strongfield. AAC Stronghold is eligible for grades of Canada Western Amber Durum.
Inflationary limits on the size of compact extra space
Authors: Nikulin V. V. , Rubin Sergey G. 
Published: February 2019

We study restrictions imposed on the parameters of the Kaluza–Klein extra space supplied by the standard inflationary models. It is shown that the size of the extra space cannot be larger than [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm and the [Formula: see text]-dimensional Planck mass should be larger than [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV. The validity of these estimates is discussed. We also study creation of stable excitations of scalar field as the result of the extra metric evolution.
Zoneamento de Risco de Incêndio e Queimadas na Cidade de Sorocaba – São Paulo
Authors: Lopes Elfany Reis do Nascimento , Silva Amanda Pereira Patrício , Peruchi João Felipe , Lourenço Roberto Wagner 
Published: February 2019

Houve diversas modificações na superfície terrestre devido à apropriação do homem na natureza como maneira de desenvolvimento social e econômico, predispondo as cidades a maior risco de ocorrência de incêndios e queimadas. O trabalho teve como intuito elaborar elaborar uma proposta de zoneamento de risco a incêndio e queimadas, baseado em características físicas, antrópicas e dados de focos de incêndio da cidade de Sorocaba-SP, utilizando geoprocessamento em ambiente SIG. Foi realizado o mapeamento do uso do solo e cobertura vegetal utilizando imagem SPOT-5 e RapidEye por meio da classificação supervisionada e interpretação visual. Foram determinados pesos de importância para a declividade, hidrografia e malha viária segundo a risco para incêndio e queimadas. O zoneamento foi obtido pela média ponderada dos mapas temáticos dos parâmetros. Realizou-se o levantamento dos focos de incêndio e queimadas e procedeu-se a sua relação com o zoneamento de risco produzido. Um total de 93% da cidade é classificada com risco alto a extremo, revelando a predisposição da cidade para a ocorrência de incêndios e queimadas de origem natural ou antrópica. 74 focos de incêndio ocorreram entre 2017 e 2018, sendo enquadradas nas zonas de risco muito alto (39%), alto (35,36%) e extremo (19,5%). A proposta de zoneamento é condizente com a realidade natural e socioeconômica da cidade, sendo um caminho para o monitoramento ambiental da cidade.
Implementing internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with cardiovascular disease and psychological distress: a scoping review
Authors: Neher Margit , Nygårdh Annette , Nilsen Per , Broström Anders , Johansson Peter 
Published: February 2019

Background: Comorbid psychological distress (i.e. insomnia and depression) is experienced by 20–40% of patients with cardiovascular disease. This has a considerable impact on their health and quality of life, leading to frequent re-hospitalisations, higher healthcare costs and a shorter life expectancy. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy shows great potential for treating psychological distress in cardiovascular disease. Effective and feasible treatments can, however, only benefit patients if they are fully implemented in clinical care. Aim: This scoping review aimed to explore the literature for internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy in cardiovascular disease and for strategies to implement the intervention. Methods: We searched electronic databases, journals and internet sources to find original studies about internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy in cardiovascular disease, adhering to scoping methodology guidelines. After identifying 267 titles, we screened 40 abstracts and chose 11 full-text articles for full-text screening. The results sections in four articles were searched for outcomes that related to the effectiveness and implementation of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy by directed qualitative content analysis using an implementation framework. Results: Three of the four articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria concerned internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for treating mild to moderate depressive symptoms in cardiovascular disease, and none focused on insomnia. The studies showed evidence for the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy, and/or described patient factors influencing clinical effectiveness. Our qualitative content analysis showed that many implementation aspects and stakeholder perspectives remain unexplored. Conclusions: Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy promises to alleviate patient suffering in cardiovascular disease. There is, however, little research about internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for cardiovascular disease, and about how this evidence-based intervention is implemented.
The nuclear receptor corepressor NCoR1 regulates hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis in vivo
Authors: Wan Xiaoling , Liu Lulu , Zhou Peipei , Hui Xinhui , He Qiaomei , Yu Fangfang , Zhang Wei , Ding Xiaodan , Yuan Xiujie , Zhang Na , Zhao Yingxi , Zhu Ruihong , Liu Yuanhua , Hao Pei , Auwerx Johan , Song Xianmin , Leng Qibin , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEnhanced understanding of normal and malignant hematopoiesis pathways should facilitate the development of effective clinical treatment strategies for hematopoietic malignancies. Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) has been implicated in transcriptional repression and embryonic organ development, but its role in hematopoiesis is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we showed that hematopoietic-specific loss of NCoR1 leads to expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool due to aberrant cell cycle entry of long-term HSCs under steady-state conditions. Moreover, NCoR1-deficient HSCs exhibited normal self-renewal capacity but severely impaired lymphoid-differentiation potential in competitive hematopoietic-reconstitution assays. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that several hematopoiesis-associated genes are regulated by NCoR1. In addition, NCoR1 deficiency in hematopoietic cells delayed the course of leukemia and promoted leukemia cell differentiation in an MLL-AF9–induced mouse model. NCoR1 and its partner, histone deacetylase 3, can modulate histone acetylation and gene transcription through binding the promoter regions of myeloid-differentiation genes. Our collective results support the critical involvement of NCoR1 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis in vivo.
Treatment of Relapse of Clinical Stage I Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors on Surveillance
Authors: Hamilton Robert J. , Nayan Madhur , Anson-Cartwright Lynn , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Bedard Philippe L. , Hansen Aaron , Chung Peter , Warde Padraig , Sweet Joan , O’Malley Martin , Sturgeon Jeremy , Jewett Michael A.S. 
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE Active surveillance (AS) for testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) is widely used. Although there is no consensus for optimal treatment at relapse on surveillance, globally patients typically receive chemotherapy. We describe treatment of relapses in our non–risk-adapted NSGCT AS cohort and highlight selective use of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND). METHODS From December 1980 to December 2015, 580 patients with clinical stage I NSGCT were treated with AS, and 162 subsequently relapsed. First-line treatment was based on relapse site and extent. Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with need for multimodal therapy on AS relapse. RESULTS Median time to relapse was 7.4 months. The majority of relapses were confined to the retroperitoneum (66%). After relapse, first-line treatment was chemotherapy for 95 (58.6%) and RPLND for 62 (38.3%), and five patients (3.1%) underwent other therapy. In 103 (65.6%), only one modality of treatment was required: chemotherapy only in 58 of 95 (61%) and RPLND only in 45 of 62 (73%). Factors associated with multimodal relapse therapy were larger node size (odds ratio, 2.68; P = .045) in patients undergoing chemotherapy and elevated tumor markers (odds ratio, 6.05; P = .008) in patients undergoing RPLND. When RPLND was performed with normal markers, 82% required no further treatment. Second relapse occurred in 30 of 162 patients (18.5%). With median follow-up of 7.6 years, there were five deaths (3.1% of AS relapses, but 0.8% of whole AS cohort) from NSGCT or treatment complications. CONCLUSION The retroperitoneum is the most common site of relapse in clinical stage I NSGCT on AS. Most are cured by single-modality treatment. RPLND should be considered for relapsed patients, especially those with disease limited to the retroperitoneum and normal markers, as an option to avoid chemotherapy.
Adorno and Arendt
Authors: Holden Terence 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Through a comparative analysis of their diagnosis of radical evil with the divergent ways in which Theodor W. Adorno and Hannah Arendt register and respond to the exhaustion of the modern regime of historicity, this article employs the terminology of historical anthropology as developed by Reinhart Koselleck and François Hartog. It proceeds to a retrospective reconstruction of the fashion in which both thinkers stand between the modern and contemporary regimes of historicity by interpreting these diagnoses, precisely in their divergence, as symptomatic of the “crisis of time,” as Hartog puts it, which emerges across the evolution from the former to the latter regime. Adorno and Arendt provide, by virtue of their transitional status, an interesting perspective from which to address the pathological features of the contemporary regime of historicity as identified by Hartog and Hartmut Rosa.
Functional Groups of Organochlorosilanes Influenced Microporous Structure in Organosiloxane Microcapsules Synthesized Using a Water-in-Oil Emulsion Template
Authors: Okada Tomohiko , Aizawa Takayuki 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Studies on functional groups in organosilyl chlorides have focused on their contribution to the resulting structure and morphology of porous hollow polyorganosiloxane microspheres. The silane coupling agents employed included trifunctional (octylsilyl, methylsilyl, and phenylsilyl trichlorides) and bifunctional (dimethyldisilyl dichloride) silanes. These organosilanes participated in sol-gel reactions (hydrolysis and polycondensation) to produce hollow microspheres at the interfaces of aqueous droplets in a water-in-oil emulsion. Phenylsilyl groups contributed to forming smaller spherical hollow particles via an emulsification effect, while dimethyldisilyl groups deformed the hollow shape. Trifunctional methylsilyl groups allowed the formation of a microporous structure with a large surface area (approximately 400 m2/g), where bulky organic groups (octyl and phenyl) buried the micropores to reduce the specific surface area. These bulky groups were removed via oxidative decomposition to transform microporous polymethylsiloxane. Hence, trifunctional methylsilyl groups were key for tailoring microporous hollow spherical organosilica particles via emulsion templated syntheses.