bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The problem associated with the spread of Sosnovskyi hogweed (Heracleum sosnovskyi), in the mountainous geosystems of the Ukrainian-Polish border
Authors: Shtoiko Rehina , Koinova Iryna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The article highlights the problem of spreading of the invasive species Heracleum sosnovskyi in mountainous geosystems in the border district of Turka in the Lviv region of Ukraine particularly along the border with Poland. The aim of the article was to investigate the areas covered and peculiarities of the spread of Heracleum sosnovskyi. The research methodology consisted of three consecutive steps: preparation, field work, and cameral. The following general scientific methods were used: system analysis and synthesis, comparison, ranking, and the special methods of geoecological studies: field, cartographic, drone survey and photofixation. During the field studies, we sampled seven model areas, representing mountain geosystems with different types of economic use and the presence of Heracleum sosnovskyi: - river valleys, uncultivated agricultural land, narrow strips along roads, abandoned territories. In one of the model areas, a drone survey was conducted, on the basis of which we charted a map presented in the article. We also analysed the stock data and the current state of distribution of the spread Heracleum sosnovskyi in village councils and in the region as a whole. The main problem with the uncontrolled spread of Heracleum sosnovskyi in Turka district is the lack of true data as to the extent of the environmental disaster and the absence of a systematic and planned fight control measures. The article describes the main recommendations for the effective control fight against of this invasive species using foreign experience.
Economic Impact of the 11th Douro Valley Half Marathon
Authors: Carvalho Maria José , Sousa Marisa , Paipe Gustavo , Bavaresco Gustavo , Felipe José Luis 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the direct economic impact of the 11th Douro Valley Half Marathon held in Portugal in 2016. An ad-hoc questionnaire was designed for collecting data. It was composed of four dimensions: (i) socio-demographic data, (ii) expenses, (iii) sports practice, and (iv) satisfaction with the event (54 items in total). There were 375 questionnaires randomly collected in a total of 16,330 runners. The mean expense of local participants in this half marathon was €219, while non-resident participants expended about €320. Thus, the local participants’ inflow was €1,036,965, while the non-resident participants’ inflow was €3,709,760, resulting in a total participant inflow of €4,746,725. Regarding the participants’ specific expenses, the following order was obtained: 1st, accommodation; 2nd, food; 3rd, travel costs; 4th, shopping. It was calculated that the total local economic impact of the 11th Douro Valley Half Marathon participants was almost five million euros (€4,746,725).
Sexual Behaviour of Combative Athletes – Is There a Greater Risk?
Authors: Vajda Petr , Reguli Zdenko 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Athletes are often associated with a greater degree of risk behaviour. It also includes potentially dangerous sexual habits and behaviour, among other things. This study deals with sexual habits and behaviour of combative athletes. The research sample (n-65) consists of representatives of various combat sports and these representatives are categorized into three groups: international (n-15), national (n-28), and regional competitors (n-22). Data were collected through the medium of a questionnaire which allowed us to compare results with sexual behaviour of Czech population over last 20 years. Athletes comprised in this study are more sexually active, have more sexual partners over the life, and tend to have various, risk sexual behaviour more likely than common Czech population. This phenomenon is more significant in elite athletes. We believe this could be affected by access to short-term relationships and by the awareness of athletes that they are attractive to women. In the light of these findings, we suggest to increase prevention of risky sexual behaviour for athletes in masculine sports.
Moderato: Master and disciple – A Case Study in the Olympic Landscape
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The text characterizes the master-disciple relationship, which is interpreted in a historical context (of ancient Greece) and the contemporary one. In the first case it refers to the connection taking place between Socrates and his disciples (and especially between him and Plato). In the second case the author presents a study of one case of a supposed master-disciple relationship as a typical case study. He comes to a conclusion that the occurrence of such a relationship depends on two persons: a master and a disciple. When both of them agree that there was, there is and, maybe, there will be such a connection between them, it can be proclaimed with certainty that such a relationship existed or can start to exist. However, when any party of the supposed relationship is of an opinion that it has never existed, it is necessary to concede that (s)he is right, since it is not proper when one party maintains against the second party’s will - or without his/her knowledge - that there was a master-disciple relationship between them.
Colistin Use Patterns and Toxicity in Critically Ill Patients in Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital
Authors: Aitullina Aleksandra , Krūmiņa Angelika , Cauce Vinita , Purviņa Santa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Colistin is used systemically in critically ill patients for treatment of infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, e.g., Acinetobacter baumanii. It is potentially nephro- and neurotoxic. It is recommended to decrease the dose of colistin in case of renal impairment or renal replacement therapies (RRT) but clear recommendations are not available yet. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine colistin use patterns in critically ill patients in Pauls Stradiņš University Hospital. Forty patients were included in this study. The most common indications for colistin were pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation or sepsis caused by MDR A. baumanii. Median duration of colistin therapy was 11.5 (IQR 7.0; 17.0) days and median cumulative dose was 91.5 (43.0; 150.0) million units (MU). The usual regimen was 9 MU as loading dose and 3 MU three times daily as maintenance dose, but in case of renal impairment and RRT colistin regimens varied a lot between the patients. In 21% (7 from 33) of cases, acute kidney injury (AKI) was observed during colistin therapy (serum creatinine increases more than twice from baseline). All these AKI cases occurred in patients with previously normal renal function and none of the patients in this group needed RRT.
Cosmic Airburst on Developing Allerød Substrates (Soils) in the Western Alps, Mt. Viso Area
Authors: Mahaney William C. , West llen , Milan Alison , Krinsley David H. , Somelar Peeter , Schwartz Stephane , Milner Michael W. , Allen Christopher C. R. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Although much has been written about a cosmic impact event in the Western Alps of the Mt. Viso area, the event closely tied with the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) of 12.8 ka and onset of the Younger Dryas (YD), the affected land surface is considered to contain a similar black mat suite of sediment found on three continents. While work elsewhere has focused on recovered sediment from lake and ice cores, buried lacustrine/alluvial records, and surface glacial and paraglacial records, no one has traced a mountain morphosequence of deposits with the objective of investigating initial weathering/ soil morphogenesis that occurred in ice recessional deposits up to the YDB when the surface was subjected to intense heat, presumably, as hypothesized by Mahaney et al. (2016a) from a cosmic airburst. With the land surface rapidly free of ice following glacial retreat during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial, weathering processes ~13.5 to 12.8 ka led to weathering and soil morphogenesis in a slow progression as the land surface became free of ice. To determine the exposed land character in the mid- to late-Allerød, it is possible to utilize an inverted stratigraphic soil morphogenesis working backward in time, from known post-Little Ice Age (LIA) (i.e. time-zero) through LIA (~0.45 to ~0.10 ka), to at least the middle Neoglacial (~2 ka), to answer several questions. What were the likely soil profile states in existence at the end of the Allerød just prior to the cosmic impact/airburst (YDB)? Assuming these immature weathered regolith sections of the Late Allerød approximated the <1 ka old profiles seen today, and assuming the land surface was subjected to a hypothesized instant temperature burst from ambient to ~2200°C at ~12.8 ka, what would be the expected effect on the resident sediment? To test the mid-LG (YDB) to YD relationship we analyzed the paleosols in both suites of deposits - mid-LG to YD - to test that the airburst grains are restricted to Late Allerød paleosols and using relative-age-determination criteria, that the overlapping YD to mid-LG moraines are closely related in time. These are some of the questions about the black mat that we seek to answer with reference to sites in the upper Guil and Po rivers of the Mt. Viso area.
Late Holocene Palaeoenvironment of TSE Dura, a Later Stone Age (Lsa) Rock Shelter, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Orijemie Emuobosa Akpo 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Palynological and archaeobotanical analyses were conducted on excavated sediments from Tse Dura, a Later Stone Age rock shelter in north-central Nigeria with the aim of reconstructing the environment conditions at the site within the last millennium. From 933 ± 29 BP to 802 ± 29 BP, the environment alternated between Guinea savanna with dry conditions, and secondary and riverine forests with humid conditions. During these periods of environmental fluctuations, the LSA populations engaged in the management of economic plants the most significant of which included Dioscorea spp. Pennisetum glaucum and Elaeis guineensis, and exploited wild plants such as Pavetta crassipes, Sarcocephalus latifolius and Lophira cf. lanceolata for dietary and ethnomedicinal purposes. Around 310 ± 30 BP cal, the environment became very wet after which it was succeeded by a drier period. It was during this period that Sorghum bicolor became prominent, and the environment attained its current status dominated by Guinea savanna elements and secondary forests.
Research on Sharing Economic Development of â€œBig Data + Block Chainâ€â€”â€”Based on Industry Convergence Theory
Authors: Liu Haiying 
Published: July 2018

Sharing economy as an important productÂ of the Internet Era, its essence is to rely on InternetÂ technology, especially big data technology to reuse theÂ idle resources of society and creating new market value.Â However, with the increasing scope of the sharingÂ economy, the problems of data security, circulation,Â sharing and privacy protection are gradually emerging,Â and big data technology has become the biggestÂ bottleneck for further development of shared economy.Â The block chain technology is composed of a varietyÂ of technology and communication protocol to formÂ a new Internet architecture, it through cryptographicÂ sharing, distributed books and other feathers to provideÂ new methods and ideas for data distribution andÂ sharing and complementary with big data technology.Â Therefore, through the combination of block chainÂ technology and big data technology, they can subvertÂ the traditional shared economic business model andÂ provide a new opportunity for sharing economicÂ development.
Percepción de estudiantes de bachillerato sobre contenidos relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y marihuana en las redes sociales
Authors: Montero-Domínguez Félix Ángel , Cruz-Juárez Alma De los Ángeles , Tiburcio-Sainz Marcela Alejandra , García-González Janet 
Published: July 2018

Las redes sociales son espacios virtuales, en los que millones de adolescentes alrededor del mundo se comunican libremente acerca de temas relevantes para su desarrollo y entretenimiento. La literatura internacional indica que, la exposición a contenidos relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y marihuana, contribuye al desarrollo de una menor percepción de riesgo al consumo, y una mayor tolerancia social hacia el uso de estas drogas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar la percepción del consumo de alcohol y marihuana, que aparece en las redes sociales, en una muestra de 35 estudiantes de bachillerato. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio a través de cuatro grupos focales, integrados por alumnos de bachillerato de la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz, de ambos sexos, de entre 15 y 19 años de edad, provenientes de distintos contextos socioeconómicos. El contenido de las entrevistas grupales fue transcrito y analizado, utilizando la metodología de la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados indican que, las redes sociales eran la principal fuente de información de los estudiantes, sobre la disponibilidad y los efectos del alcohol y la marihuana, sobrepasando a la televisión, los padres y los profesores. Los estudiantes percibieron el contenido sobre el consumo de drogas en las redes sociales, como una extensión de la presión de sus pares para iniciarse en el consumo de alcohol y marihuana.
Calidad informativa en la representación de actores sociales en el noticiero Visión Informativa del Instituto Morelense de Radio y Televisión, Canal 49
Authors: Gomez Loperena Susana 
Published: July 2018

La representación de actores políticos y ciudadanos, en las noticias de las televisoras públicas, puede apreciarse como un ejercicio de la distribución democrática del poder social. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de la información en relación a la proporción de inclusión de actores políticos y ciudadanos, mujeres y hombres con imagen y habla, en el noticiero Visión Informativa, del Canal 49, del Instituto Morelense de Radio y Televisión. Se aplicó la técnica cuantitativa de análisis de contenido, con unidades de análisis excluyentes. Los resultados mostraron una brecha de más de 16.82 %, con sobrerrepresentación noticiosa de hombres y de menos de 16.83 % con subrepresentación noticiosa de mujeres, en relación a la proporción poblacional de mujeres y hombres en el año 2015, en el estado de Morelos. La esfera política fue dominada por los hombres, con una representación del 65.85 %, con el 63.23 % de imagen y el 64.70 % de habla; las mujeres llegaron al 51.35 % de representación noticiosa, con el 45.63 % de imagen y el 51.96 % de habla. En la esfera ciudadana, las mujeres dominaron con una representación noticiosa de 48.64 %, con el 54.36 % de imagen y el 48.03 % de habla; los hombres obtuvieron 31.70 % de representación, con 32.64 % de imagen y 33.82 % de habla. Todos los actores internacionales y religiosos fueron hombres, registrando 2.43 % de representación, 4.12 % de imagen y 1.47 % en habla. Existió sobrerrepresentación noticiosa de los hombres en la esfera política, mientras los ciudadanos estuvieron menos representados que las ciudadanas. Aunque las mujeres estuvieron representadas por debajo de la tasa poblacional, existió una brecha de 2.71 % en la representación femenina a favor de la esfera política, resaltando la dominancia en el habla de las mujeres parlamentarias.
EKSPLOITASI SEKSUAL SEBAGAI BENTUK KEJAHATAN KESUSILAAN DALAM PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Yuniantoro Fredi 
Published: July 2018

Eksploitasi Seksual sebagai kejahatan kesusilaan tidaklah dilihat dalam suatu pemahaman sempit mengenai bagaimana bentuk aktivitas seksual dan proses keterlibatan korban didalamnya. Aktivitas seksual yang dimaksud adalah bentuk konten yang dipertunjukan dimuka umum yang menggambarkan kecabulan dan melanggar norma kesusilaan. Ketentuan pidana mengenai Aktivitas Eksploitasi Seksual telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yaitu Pasal 296 dan Pasal 506 KUHP, Pasal 4 dan Pasal 30 Undang-undang No 44 Tahun 2008, Pasal 1 dan Pasal 2 Undang-undang No 21 Tahun 2008 dan Pasal 27 dan Pasal 45 Undang-undang No 11 Tahun 2008. Apabila diantara aturan itu terdapat aturan umum dan khusus maka dikenakan adalah aturan khusus yang memuat ancaman paling berat berdasar pada Asas Concursus Idealis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pendekatan undang-undang, Kasus dan Konseptual. Kata Kunci : Eksploitasi Seksual, Kejahatan Kesusilaan
Природопользование и устойчивость биосферы
Authors: Арчегова И. Б. , Панюков А. Н. 
Published: July 2018

В статье представлена концепция «ускоренного природовосстановления» и система практических приемов восстановления природных экосистем. Методологической базой является принципсистемности. С его позиций естественная природная экосистема является целостным единством двух основных компонентов – биоты и субстрата, осваиваемого растительным сообществом, т.е. почвы. Была разработана двухэтапная система практических приемов ускоренного (управляемого) восстановления разрушенных естественных экосистем с учетом суровых климатических условий. На ее основе развиты теоретические и практические аспекты эколого-экономической системы рационального природопользования, направленной на сохранение стабильного состояния биосферы в условиях интенсивно развивающейся экономики в Арктике. Заложенный в концепции природовосстановления системно-географический подход при известной корректировке имеет широкие возможности применения в разных регионах с целью восстановления природных экосистем и сохранения устойчивости биосферы.
Как меняются озера в Республике Коми
Authors: Соловьева Н. , Джонс В. , Тернер С. 
Published: July 2018

В течение почти 20 лет ученые из Университетского колледжа Лондонa (УКЛ) проводят совместные работы по изучению арктических и субарктических озер в Республике Коми (в районах Большеземельской тундры, бассейнах рек Усы и Печоры и в Уральских горах).
Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery for cavernous sinus meningioma: long-term follow-up in 200 patients
Authors: Park Kyung-Jae , Kano Hideyuki , Iyer Aditya , Liu Xiaomin , Tonetti Daniel A. , Lehocky Craig , Faramand Andrew , Niranjan Ajay , Flickinger John C. , Kondziolka Douglas , Lunsford L. Dade 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEThe authors of this study evaluate the long-term outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM).METHODSThe authors retrospectively assessed treatment outcomes 5–18 years after SRS in 200 patients with CSM. The median patient age was 57 years (range 22–83 years). In total, 120 (60%) patients underwent Gamma Knife SRS as primary management, 46 (23%) for residual tumors, and 34 (17%) for recurrent tumors after one or more surgical procedures. The median tumor target volume was 7.5 cm3 (range 0.1–37.3 cm3), and the median margin dose was 13.0 Gy (range 10–20 Gy).RESULTSTumor volume regressed in 121 (61%) patients, was unchanged in 49 (25%), and increased over time in 30 (15%) during a median imaging follow-up of 101 months. Actuarial tumor control rates at the 5-, 10-, and 15-year follow-ups were 92%, 84%, and 75%, respectively. Of the 120 patients who had undergone SRS as a primary treatment (primary SRS), tumor progression was observed in 14 (11.7%) patients at a median of 48.9 months (range 4.8–120.0 months) after SRS, and actuarial tumor control rates were 98%, 93%, 85%, and 85% at the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year follow-ups post-SRS. A history of tumor progression after microsurgery was an independent predictor of an unfavorable response to radiosurgery (p = 0.009, HR = 4.161, 95% CI 1.438–12.045). Forty-four (26%) of 170 patients who had presented with at least one cranial nerve (CN) deficit improved after SRS. Development of new CN deficits after initial microsurgical resection was an unfavorable factor for improvement after SRS (p = 0.014, HR = 0.169, 95% CI 0.041–0.702). Fifteen (7.5%) patients experienced permanent CN deficits without evidence of tumor progression at a median onset of 9 months (range 2.3–85 months) after SRS. Patients with larger tumor volumes (≥ 10 cm3) were more likely to develop permanent CN complications (p = 0.046, HR = 3.629, 95% CI 1.026–12.838). Three patients (1.5%) developed delayed pituitary dysfunction after SRS.CONCLUSIONSThis long-term study showed that Gamma Knife radiosurgery provided long-term tumor control for most patients with CSM. Patients who underwent SRS for progressive tumors after prior microsurgery had a greater chance of tumor growth than the patients without prior surgery or those with residual tumor treated after microsurgery.
Surgical outcomes of pediatric spinal cord astrocytomas: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Azad Tej D. , Pendharkar Arjun V. , Pan James , Huang Yuhao , Li Amy , Esparza Rogelio , Mehta Swapnil , Connolly Ian D. , Veeravagu Anand , Campen Cynthia J. , Cheshier Samuel H. , Edwards Michael S. B. , Fisher Paul G. , Grant Gerald A. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEPediatric spinal astrocytomas are rare spinal lesions that pose unique management challenges. Therapeutic options include gross-total resection (GTR), subtotal resection (STR), and adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. With no randomized controlled trials, the optimal management approach for children with spinal astrocytomas remains unclear. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on pediatric spinal astrocytomas.METHODSThe authors performed a systematic review of the PubMed/MEDLINE electronic database to investigate the impact of histological grade and extent of resection on overall survival among patients with spinal cord astrocytomas. They retained publications in which the majority of reported cases included astrocytoma histology.RESULTSTwenty-nine previously published studies met the eligibility criteria, totaling 578 patients with spinal cord astrocytomas. The spinal level of intramedullary spinal cord tumors was predominantly cervical (53.8%), followed by thoracic (40.8%). Overall, resection was more common than biopsy, and GTR was slightly more commonly achieved than STR (39.7% vs 37.0%). The reported rates of GTR and STR rose markedly from 1984 to 2015. Patients with high-grade astrocytomas had markedly worse 5-year overall survival than patients with low-grade tumors. Patients receiving GTR may have better 5-year overall survival than those receiving STR.CONCLUSIONSThe authors describe trends in the management of pediatric spinal cord astrocytomas and suggest a benefit of GTR over STR for 5-year overall survival.