bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium Behavior in Competing Dynamic Matching Markets
Authors: Li Zhuoshu , Gupta Neal , Das Sanmay , Dickerson John P. 
Published: July 2018

Rival markets like rideshare services, universities, and organ exchanges compete to attract participants, seeking to maximize their own utility at potential cost to overall social welfare. Similarly, individual participants in such multi-market systems also seek to maximize their individual utility. If entry is costly, they should strategically enter only a subset of the available markets. All of this decision making---markets competitively adapting their matching strategies and participants arriving, choosing which market(s) to enter, and departing from the system---occurs dynamically over time. This paper provides the first analysis of equilibrium behavior in dynamic competing matching market systems---first from the points of view of individual participants when market policies are fixed, and then from the points of view of markets when agents are stochastic. When compared to single markets running social-welfare-maximizing matching policies, losses in overall social welfare in competitive systems manifest due to both market fragmentation and the use of non-optimal matching policies. We quantify such losses and provide policy recommendations to help alleviate them in fielded systems.
Reinforced Self-Attention Network: a Hybrid of Hard and Soft Attention for Sequence Modeling
Authors: Shen Tao , Zhou Tianyi , Long Guodong , Jiang Jing , Wang Sen , Zhang Chengqi 
Published: July 2018

Many natural language processing tasks solely rely on sparse dependencies between a few tokens in a sentence. Soft attention mechanisms show promising performance in modeling local/global dependencies by soft probabilities between every two tokens, but they are not effective and efficient when applied to long sentences. By contrast, hard attention mechanisms directly select a subset of tokens but are difficult and inefficient to train due to their combinatorial nature. In this paper, we integrate both soft and hard attention into one context fusion model, "reinforced self-attention (ReSA)", for the mutual benefit of each other. In ReSA, a hard attention trims a sequence for a soft self-attention to process, while the soft attention feeds reward signals back to facilitate the training of the hard one. For this purpose, we develop a novel hard attention called "reinforced sequence sampling (RSS)", selecting tokens in parallel and trained via policy gradient. Using two RSS modules, ReSA efficiently extracts the sparse dependencies between each pair of selected tokens. We finally propose an RNN/CNN-free sentence-encoding model, "reinforced self-attention network (ReSAN)", solely based on ReSA. It achieves state-of-the-art performance on both the Stanford Natural Language Inference (SNLI) and the Sentences Involving Compositional Knowledge (SICK) datasets.
The Price of Usability: Designing Operationalizable Strategies for Security Games
Authors: Mc Carthy Sara Marie , Laan Corine M. , Wang Kai , Vayanos Phebe , Sinha Arunesh , Tambe Milind 
Published: July 2018

We consider the problem of allocating scarce security resources among heterogeneous targets to thwart a possible attack. It is well known that deterministic solutions to this problem being highly predictable are severely suboptimal. To mitigate this predictability, the game-theoretic security game model was proposed which randomizes over pure (deterministic) strategies, causing confusion in the adversary. Unfortunately, such mixed strategies typically involve randomizing over a large number of strategies, requiring security personnel to be familiar with numerous protocols, making them hard to operationalize. Motivated by these practical considerations, we propose an easy to use approach for computing strategies that are easy to operationalize and that bridge the gap between the static solution and the optimal mixed strategy. These strategies only randomize over an optimally chosen subset of pure strategies whose cardinality is selected by the defender, enabling them to conveniently tune the trade-off between ease of operationalization and efficiency using a single design parameter. We show that the problem of computing such operationalizable strategies is NP-hard, formulate it as a mixed-integer optimization problem, provide an algorithm for computing epsilon-optimal equilibria, and an efficient heuristic. We evaluate the performance of our approach on the problem of screening for threats at airport checkpoints and show that the Price of Usability, i.e., the loss in optimality to obtain a strategy that is easier to operationalize, is typically not high.
Admissible Abstractions for Near-optimal Task and Motion Planning
Authors: Vega-Brown William , Roy Nicholas 
Published: July 2018

We define an admissibility condition for abstractions expressed using angelic semantics and show that these conditions allow us to accelerate planning while preserving the ability to find the optimal motion plan. We then derive admissible abstractions for two motion planning domains with continuous state. We extract upper and lower bounds on the cost of concrete motion plans using local metric and topological properties of the problem domain. These bounds guide the search for a plan while maintaining performance guarantees. We show that abstraction can dramatically reduce the complexity of search relative to a direct motion planner. Using our abstractions, we find near-optimal motion plans in planning problems involving 10^13 states without using a separate task planner.
GraspNet: An Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Real-time Grasp Detection for Low-powered Devices
Authors: Asif Umar , Tang Jianbin , Harrer Stefan 
Published: July 2018

Recent research on grasp detection has focused on improving accuracy through deep CNN models, but at the cost of large memory and computational resources. In this paper, we propose an efficient CNN architecture which produces high grasp detection accuracy in real-time while maintaining a compact model design. To achieve this, we introduce a CNN architecture termed GraspNet which has two main branches: i) An encoder branch which downsamples an input image using our novel Dilated Dense Fire (DDF) modules - squeeze and dilated convolutions with dense residual connections. ii) A decoder branch which upsamples the output of the encoder branch to the original image size using deconvolutions and fuse connections. We evaluated GraspNet for grasp detection using offline datasets and a real-world robotic grasping setup. In experiments, we show that GraspNet achieves superior grasp detection accuracy compared to the stateof-the-art computation-efficient CNN models with real-time inference speed on embedded GPU hardware (Nvidia Jetson TX1), making it suitable for low-powered devices.
Tempe sebagai Pengganti Hormon Estrogen pada Reseptor Estrogen α Dengan Metode Autodock Vina
Authors: Mulyati Budi 
Published: July 2018

<p>Reseptor Estrogen (RE) α akan berinteraksi dengan estrogen dalam tubuh manusia. Bila kadar Estrogen berkurang akan menyebabkan menopause. Isoflavon merupakan fitoestrogen yang dapat terikat pada kedua jenis estrogen reseptor.Tempe merupakan makanan yang mengandung isoflavon yaitu faktor II (6,7,4-trihidroksi isoflavon). Isoflavon bermanfaat antara lain untuk mencegah penyakit tulang, menurunkan kolesterol jahat, dan mencegah kanker. RE α merupakan target penting dalam dunia pengobatan untuk mencari hormon pengganti pada wanita menopause dan obat kemoterapi melawan kanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan urutan ligan yang berinteraksi lebih kuat terhadap RE α serta menentukan gugus fungsi yang berperan aktif dan jenis interaksi yang terjadi antara ligan dan reseptor. Penelitian diawali dengan optimasi struktur RE α (PDB kode <em>2OUZ</em><em>)</em>, kemudian disimulasikan <em>d</em><em>o</em><em>cking</em> dengan ligan menggunakan <em>autodock Vina, </em>dan ditentukan energi afinitasnya<em>.</em> Ligan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah faktor II, daidzein, genistein, glisitein dan biochanin A dengan estrogen sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan energi afinitas RE α berturut-turut adalah -6,3 kkal/mol; -6,2 kkal/mol; -6,1 kkal/mol; -5,9 kkal/mol; dan -5,7 kkal/mol.</p>
Sharing more than friendship – transmission of NDM-5 ST167 and CTX-M-9 ST69 Escherichia coli between dogs and humans in a family, Finland, 2015
Authors: Grönthal Thomas , Österblad Monica , Eklund Marjut , Jalava Jari , Nykäsenoja Suvi , Pekkanen Katariina , Rantala Merja 
Published: July 2018

Introduction
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) have rarely been reported in dogs, and never in animals in Finland. However, in April 2015, two meropenem-resistant Escherichia coli were identified from two dogs in one family. Both dogs suffered from chronic otitis externa. Methods: Epidemiological and molecular investigations (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing) were conducted to investigate the source of infection and transmission routes. Results: In both dogs and one family member New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM-5)-producing multidrug-resistant ST167 E. coli was found. Whole genome sequencing confirmed that the isolates were identical or only had one or two allelic differences. Additionally, the dogs and humans of the family carried an identical extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M-group 9 E. coli ST69 strain, indicating interspecies transmission. While the original source remains unclear, human-to-canine transmission is possible. No carbapenems had been administered to the dogs, but exposure to numerous other antimicrobials likely sustained the bacteria and supported its propagation in the canine host. Conclusion: To our knowledge, canine clinical NDM-5 E. coli in Europe, and confirmed CPE transmission between dogs and humans have not been previously reported. The screening of veterinary Enterobacteriaceae isolates for carbapenem resistance is highly recommended.
Types of large flood events (1985-2016)
Authors: Meyer Chloé 
Published: July 2018

The information presented highlights large flood events from 1985 to 2016 identified by the Dartmouth Flood Observatory. For more information, visit: floodobservatory.colorado.edu/Archives/index.html
For mapping purposes, some types of flood events have been merged into one, under the "MAINCAUSEF" attribute. Please refer to the "MAINCAUSE" attribute for original data.

Flood
Hydropower plants in the Dinaric Alps region (2013)
Authors: Meyer Chloé 
Published: July 2018

Water accounts for the main source of production of electrical power in the Dinaric Alps, and contribute significantly to the countries’ economies. Albania gains 83 % of all electricity from hydropower plants, Montenegro 75 %, Bosnia and Herzegovina 60% and Croatia 54 %.
Data were collected in the framework of the DIKTAS project. For more information, visit the DIKTAS project website: http://diktas.iwlearn.org/resources/projectdocuments/transboundart-diagniostics-analysis/transboundary-diagnostic-analysis-tda/view

Karst
Surface water
Transboundary
Use/Reuse
Presence of water in 696 water points in Bolivia (2015-2016)
Authors: Meyer Chloé 
Published: July 2018

This layer identifies if any water was available at the water point on the day of the visit (recognizing that it may be a limited flow) in Bolivia. Data was gathered from the Water Point Data Exchange (WPDx) platform, a tool established for sharing water point data throughout the global water sector.
The goal of the Water Point Data Exchange is to simplify the way water point data is shared so all stakeholders can work more efficiently.
For more information, visit the WPDx website at https://www.waterpointdata.org/

Accessibility
Drinking water
Supply
Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and handwashing in 2015 for 15-49 year-old males
Authors: Guefradj Najet 
Published: July 2018

This layer represents the percentage of total Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and handwashing for 15-49 year-old males in 2015.
One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation.
Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd

Gender
Health
Youth
STRONGLY IRREGULAR PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF THE FIRST-ORDER LINEAR HOMOGENEOUS DISCRETE EQUATION
Authors: Demenchuk A. K. 
Published: July 2018

In 1950 J. Massera proved that a fi rst-order scalar periodic ordinary differential equation has no strongly ira proved that a first-order scalar periodic ordinary differential equation has no strongly irregular periodic solutions, that is, such solutions whose period of solution is incommensurable with the period of equation. For difference equations with discrete time, strong irregularity means that the period of the equation and the period of its solution are relatively prime numbers. It is known that in the case of discrete equations, the above result of J. Massera has no complete analog.The purpose of this article is to investigate the possibility to realize Massera’s theorem for certain classes of difference equations. To do this, we consider the class of linear difference equations. It is proved that a first-order linear homogeneous non-stationary periodic discrete equation has no strongly irregular non-stationary periodic solutions.
16 Nisan 2017 Anayasa Değişikliği Referandumunda Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’ın Sosyal Medyadaki Görsel İmajı Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: Batu Mikail , Tos Onur 
Published: July 2018

Türkiye’de
siyasi seçimlerde uygulanan stratejilere bakıldığında, stratejilerin hayata
geçirilmesi için kullanılan mecralar farklı partilerde benzerlik
gösterebilmektedir. Ancak 21. yüzyılla beraber, yeni iletişim teknolojileri, dünyada
olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de sosyal hayatı doğrudan etkileyebilecek duruma gelmiş
ve siyasal iletişimde kullanılan ana mecralardan biri olmuştur. Özellikle
sosyal medya, kullanan kişi sayısı ve sahip olduğu özellikleri nedeni ile yeni
dönemin çok önemli bir siyasi taktiği haline gelmiştir. 2000’li yıllardan sonra
da Türkiye’deki partiler de bu önemli taktiği stratejilerinin en önemli
parçalarından biri olarak düşünmektedir. Son yıllarda bunun örneklerine sıklıkla
rastlanmaktadır.

Bu
çalışma Türkiye’de siyasal iletişim sürecinde sosyal ağlarda neler yapıldığı
temel düşüncesi ile ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı; 2017 yılında Türkiye’de
yapılan başkanlık sistemine yönelik referandum sürecinde, sosyal ağlarda Recep
Tayyip Erdoğan’ın görsel imajının nasıl yansıtıldığını ortaya koymaktır. Çözülmeye
çalışılan temel sorunsal ise; bir siyasi
liderin sosyal ağlardaki fotoğraflarında en çok nelerin öne çıkarıldığını belirlemektir.
Sorunsalın çözümlenmesi için, yapısal uygunluğu ve Türkiye’de kullanıcı sayısı
bakımından ilk sıralarda yer alan Facebook ve Instagram isimli sosyal ağlarda Recep
Tayyip Erdoğan’ın görsel kimliğinin nasıl yansıtıldığı, göstergebilimsel analiz
yöntemiyle irdelenmiştir. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’ın sosyal ağlarındaki
fotoğraflarında; mavi, kırmızı ve beyaz renkler, pozitif imaj oluşturabilecek
beden dili, çoğunda takım elbiseli bireysel görüntüsü (çok azında seçmenle birlikte)
ve tebessümü öne çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca fotoğraflarda Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ana
karakter olarak kullanılmış ve sadelik benimsenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Recep
Tayyip Erdoğan’ın referandum sürecinde sosyal ağlarda görsel imajının profesyonel
bir şekilde yönetildiği ve seçim sürecini pozitif yönde etkileyebilecek
karelerin paylaşıldığı görülmüştür.
Elementos fisiológicos y fisiopatológicos en la Fluorosis dental
Authors: Cáceres Correa Silvia Alexandra , Hernández Navarro Elena , Leiva Suero Lizette Elena 
Published: July 2018

La Fluorosis dental es una enfermedad grave que implica además un problema estético, caracterizada por una anomalía de las piezas dentales, que es el primer signo de que la persona ha estado expuesta a niveles elevados de flúor, en el Ecuador su prevalencia es mayor en la región andina. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática y crítica de la literatura sobre la Fluorosis dental. Material y Métodos: Se efectuó una revisión sistemática y crítica de la literatura, usando motores de búsqueda de artículos indexados en Scopus, Latindex, Scielo sobre el tema Fluorosis Dental. Resultados: La revisión sistemática de la Literatura permitió analizar 20 artículos publicados en revistas indexadas sobre el tema Fluorosis Dental, evidenciándose que es una condición irreversible causada por la ingestión excesiva de fluoruros presentes en el medio ambiente, alimentos, pastas dentales, agua, enjuagues, que afecta no solo a la estética sino fundamentalmente a la formación y maduración normal de las estructuras del esmalte en dentición temporal y definitiva en grupos etarios comprendidos entre 1 - 18 años. Se analizó la documentación y se evidenció que entre los factores determinantes de la salud para esta patología tenían mayor relevancia los biológicos, sociales, medio ambientales y la asistencia sanitaria estableciendo que el patrón común de la patología era el suministro de agua y de ahí su posibilidad de prevención. Por ser el agua la fuente principal de fluoruros y su fluorización, hace varios años, se constituyó en estrategia, asumida por varios países como medio de prevención de caries, hoy por el contrario se prohíbe, al considerar que el consumo de alimentos y bebidas embotelladas, los efectos aditivos de los dentífricos y suplementos fluorados son suficientes y están dentro del límite establecido de aporte al organismo. Conclusiones: La Fluorosis dental puede ser evitable regulando la fluorización del agua de consumo en las comunidades andinas.
Vaccine Induced Acute Transverse Myelitis: A Case Report
Authors: Chandra Avinash , Rajbhandari Reema , Acharya Samir , Gurung Priya , Pant Basant 
Published: July 2018

Acute transverse myelitis is a focal infl ammatory disorder of the spinal cord. One of the main etiologic factors include, multiple sclerosis, post-infectious and post-traumatic events although autoimmune phenomenon is the most common cause. Transverse Myelitis (TM) due to etiology other than Multiple Sclerosis has shown spinal cord involvement of two or more segments. Annually millions of active immunization with vaccines is carried out globally with few transverse myelitis caused because of the adverse reactions due to these vaccinations. In order to improve accuracy of reporting, research and diagnosis, the Transverse Myelitis Consortium Working Group (TMCWG) have produced criteria for the diagnosis of ATM. Here we report a case of TM in adult, diagnosed as TM consistent with the TMCWG criteria and probably this is the first ever been reported case from Nepal. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience. Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016, Page: 89-91
The Prevalence of Protrusion of Infraorbital Nerve into Maxillary Sinus Identified on CT Scan of the Paranasal Sinuses at a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Rupesh , Adhikari Deepak , Dhital Matrika , Thakur Sudip , Adhikari Bhawana 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The variation in the course of infraorbital canal and protrusion of the infraorbital nerve through it to the maxillary sinus may lead to its accidental injury during reconstructive or endoscopic sinus surgery. Preoperative identification of this variant will prevent unintended injuries. Methods: A retrospective study of 307 patients who underwent CT scan study of the paranasal sinuses at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal was conducted. The protrusion of infraorbital nerve to the maxillary sinus was identified and the length of the bony septum along with the infraorbital nerve was measured. It was further classified as Class I to III according to the length of the septum.Results: The prevalence of protrusion of inferior orbital nerve in our study was 11.40 % and bilateral protrusion was 5.8 %. The median length of the protruding component along with the septum was 4.9 mm. Conclusion: Preoperative identification of the normal protrusion of infraorbital nerve to the maxillary sinus will prevent accidental injuries during sinus surgery. CT scan of the paranasal sinus would be the modality of choice for identification of this variant.
IMPLEMENTASI TAX AMNESTY DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Wibowo Sarwo Eddi 
Published: July 2018

This study aims to determine the social-economic changes of the poor community after the acceptance of the business capital assistance program, to develop the tax potential and tax ratio realization for the realization of participation, community responsibility and independence in development.The results showed that the implementation of tax amnesty in the form of national tax reform is to further enforce the independence of the State in financing national development by way of more directed all the capabilities / potential of the taxpayer community.
RICHNESS AND ABUNDANCE OF GALL-FORMING INSECTS IN THE MAMIRAUA VARZEA, A FLOODED AMAZONIAN FOREST
Authors: Julião Genimar Rebouças , Venticinque Eduardo Martins , Fernandes G. Wilson 
Published: July 2018

Several studies have indicated a worldwide trend for higher gall-forming insect richness on sclerom orphic vegetation growing in infertile soils. The goal of this study was to survey the gall-forming insect fauna in the varzea, a seasonally flooded forest in the Amazonian region. Samples were taken at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, AM , Brazil. 21,098 insect galls belonging to 236 morphotypes were found on 242 tree crowns. The number of gall morphotypes was correlated with the number of plants sampled and gall abundance. Contrary to the predictions, we found a high richness and abundance of galling insects in the
varzea, a non-scleromorphic vegetation that grow in fertile soils. The explanation to the trends found may lie on plant physiological
adaptations to flooding and occurrence of different plant communities due to different flood levels and flooding time extents, or even due to the harsh conditions found in the upper canopy.
ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS DE <i>PYRRHULINA SEMIFASCIATA</i> STEINDACHNER, 1876 (CHARACIFORMES: LEBIASINIDAE) NA RESERVA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL AMANÃ, AM.
Authors: Favero Jana Menegassi del , Valladares Ana Carolina Prado , Pompeu Paulo Dos Santos 
Published: July 2018

The present work aimed characterizing some biological aspects of Pyrrhulina semifasciata in the Reserve of Sustainable Development Amanã, Amazonas. Of the 472 sampled individuals, 126 were females and 42 were males. Sex identification of 304 individuals was not possible due to the small size of their gonads. The growth was considered isometric, with individuals’ length ranging from 10 to 57 mm. Fish immature and in maturation process were found during all the sampled period (April 2006 to February 2007), indicating that reproductive activity occurs throughout the year, but it is more intense from December to February. Average fecundity was estimated at 939 oocytes. This study supplies basic information about P. semifasciata, a species too little studied with a great ornamental potential.