bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric gastrostomy tube referral patterns and postoperative use: A single‐center experience
Authors: Krinock Derek J. , Stephenson Krista J. , Whaley Madison G. , Wells Allison , Wolf Lindsey L. , Dassinger Melvin S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesPractice variability exists regarding the timing of gastrostomy tube (GT) placement in patients unable to maintain adequate oral nutrition. We sought to assess patient factors predictive of longer surgical GT use to inform patient selection.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, retrospective cohort study including children ≤18 years who underwent surgical GT placement from June 1, 2018 to June 1, 2021 at a children's hospital. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of referral patterns, operative indications, and patient comorbidities on the length of GT use.ResultsFour hundred fifty‐eight children underwent GT placement. Median age at placement was 5 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 2–12) and 52% were male. Fifty‐six percent were referred from a neonatal intensive care unit;/cardiovascular intensive care unit provider before initial hospital discharge and 19% were outpatient referrals. Forty‐six percent were premature and 50% exhibited oropharyngeal dysphagia. The median duration of nasogastric (NGT) feeding before GT placement was 36.5 days (IQR: 16–64). In those with GT removal (n = 140), the median duration of use was 269 days (IQR: 144–474), with 23% of the cohort no longer utilizing the GT within 12 months of placement. Patients with congenital lung disease (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03, p = 0.002) and genetic anomalies excluding isolated Trisomy 21 (OR: 3.57, p = 0.003) were more likely to require prolonged GT use.ConclusionsNearly a quarter of children attain full oral feeding within a year of GT placement. The identified factors predictive of prolonged GT use suggest early placement in these patients. Continuing NGT feeds in other patients may decrease the morbidity of unnecessary GT placement.
Untargeted Profiling of Shenfu Qiangxin Pills Based on High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Absolute Quantitation of Multiple Components Using Parallel Reaction Monitoring
Authors: Gao Yan , Liang Xv , Zhang Nihui , Zhang Xiangyang , Li Xia , Gao Wenyuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTShenfu Qiangxin (SFQX) pills are proprietary traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of chronic heart failure with significant clinical effects. However, the systematic identification and quantification of complexed components in SFQX have not been reported yet. In this work, a reliable and comprehensive method for a rapid identification of chemical components was developed by data dependent acquisition using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q Exactive‐Orbitrap‐MS). A total of 104 compounds mainly including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, and phenolic acids were identified through database searching. The identified compounds were further ascribed to herb species in SFQX pills, such as Ginseng Radis et Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (processed), Mori Cortex, Lepidii Semen, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and Polyporus. Thirty‐two representative compounds were elaborated with cleavage pathways and characteristic fragments in MS/MS spectrum of commercially available standards. A quantification method based on parallel reaction monitoring technique was established, and absolute quantification of 28 components in SFQX pills was then carried out. This work constitutes a basis and methodological reference for the quality control, consistency evaluation, and standardization of similar proprietary Chinese medicines.
Differential Comparison of Chemical Compositions Between Two Wutou Decoctions Based on Ultrahigh–Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined With Chemometric Analysis
Authors: Liu Yizhe , Tao Chujun , Ma Han , Qiu Feng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWutou decoction is an ancient compound preparation composed of five herbal medicines, which has good therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis. There are two classic preparation methods of Wutou decoction using honey and water as decocting excipients, respectively. However, the differences of chemical compositions between these two Wutou decoctions yet remain unclear. Therefore, honey‐decocting Wutou decoction was prepared according to the record written in Synopsis of Golden Chamber, and water‐decocting Wutou decoction was prepared by the process commonly used in clinics nowadays. Wutou decoction database was also established for the identification of their chemical compositions. Ultrahigh–performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry technique combined with chemometric analysis was further established and applied to analyze their chemical compositions. A total of 128 components were identified in honey‐decocting Wutou decoction, whereas 126 components in water‐decocting Wutou decoction. Isoguanosine and aromadendrin were found to exist only in honey‐decocting Wutou decoction, but not in water‐decocting Wutou decoction. Principal component analysis results showed that there were obvious differences between honey‐decocting Wutou decoction and water‐decocting Wutou decoction. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis further verified these differences, of which 30 potential differential components were found by calculation of their variable importance in the projection values. Different chemical compositions will inevitably affect the toxicity and safety of Wutou decoction, and it is imperative to calibrate its preparation process.
Advances in Single Particle Mass Analysis
Authors: Lai Szu‐Hsueh , Maclot Sylvain , Antoine Rodolphe , Masselon Christophe D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSingle particle mass analysis methods allow the measurement and characterization of individual nanoparticles, viral particles, as well as biomolecules like protein aggregates and complexes. Several key benefits are associated with the ability to analyze individual particles rather than bulk samples, such as high sensitivity and low detection limits, and virtually unlimited dynamic range, as this figure of merit strictly depends on analysis time. However, data processing and interpretation of single particle data can be complex, often requiring advanced algorithms and machine learning approaches. In addition, particle ionization, transfer, and detection efficiency can be limiting factors for certain types of analytes. Ongoing developments in the field aim to address these challenges and expand the capabilities of single particle mass analysis techniques. Charge detection mass spectrometry is a single particle version of mass spectrometry in which the charge (z) is determine independently from m/z. Nano‐electromechanical resonator mass analysis relies on changes in a nanoscale device's resonance frequency upon deposition of a particle to directly derive its inertial mass. Mass photometry uses interferometric video‐microscopy to derive particle mass from the intensity of the scattered light. A common feature of these approaches is the acquisition of single particle data, which can be filtered and concatenated in the form of a particle mass distribution. In the present article, dedicated to our honored colleague Richard Cole, we cover the latest technological advances and applications of these single particle mass analysis approaches.
A Novel Metasurface Antenna With Enhanced CP Bandwidth Through Decreasing Q Factor
Authors: Mao Yunlong , Zhu Minghui , Liu Haonan , Li Si , Zhang Shunqi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a novel metasurface antenna with improved axial ratio bandwidth using parasitic annular sector strips which decreased the Q factor. First, a metasurface antenna composed of a circular patch with etched annular cracks was designed and analyzed through characteristic analysis. Later, to enhance the axial bandwidth, four annular sector parasitic strips were added to decrease the Q factor based on transmission line analysis. In the end, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The results show that the proposed antenna operates in the frequency band from 8.77 to 9.68 GHz; its 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 9.19–9.62 GHz, which is significantly improved by 119% compared to the case without the parasitic strips; the maximum gain is 7.2 dBic, which makes it a good candidate for marine search and rescue communications.
Scaled Coherence Factor Based Delay Multiply and Sum Beamforming Algorithm in Microwave Imaging
Authors: Hao Si‐si , Li Jian‐ying , Chen Xin‐zhao , Li Xiang‐long 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMicrowave imaging is a highly promising modality for the early detection of breast cancer. A multitude of image reconstruction algorithms have been devised. Previous methods utilized the coherence factor (CF) to enhance image quality. However, CF‐based methods often oversuppress the desired signals and introduce image artifacts when the signal‐to‐noise ratio is low. This study introduces a scaled coherence factor‐based delay multiply and sum (DMAS) Beamforming technique to achieve good noise suppression while maintaining robustness. The performance of this method was evaluated using datasets derived from an experimental breast phantom. The results show that the proposed method achieves improvements of signal‐to‐clutter ratio by 26%, signal‐to‐mean ratio by 7%, full‐width at half‐maximum by 8%, and localization error by 51% compared to the CF‐DMAS method. The suggested microwave imaging approach for breast cancer detection provides high resolution, contrast, and localization accuracy along with low computational complexity.
A Multi‐Time Stepping Algorithm for the Modelling of Heterogeneous Structures With Explicit Time Integration
Authors: Chan Kin Fung , Bombace Nicola , Sap Duygu , Wason David , Falco Simone , Petrinic Nik 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHeterogeneous solids often exhibit complex dynamic behavior, requiring simulations to use varying time steps. However, the conventional use of a single‐time step for the entire domain can be inefficient. This article proposes a multi‐time stepping algorithm that addresses this challenge by relaxing the constraint for an integer or constant time step ratio between subdomains and eliminating the need for kinematic interpolation. The algorithm ensures the satisfaction of the Courant‐Friedrichs‐Lewy condition, deviating only to allow subdomains to remain in synchronization. Consequently, less integration steps are performed in comparison to state‐of‐the‐art asynchronous integrators. We extend to the coupling of multiple subdomains, where each subdomain has its time step. Simulating stress wave propagation in metamaterials demonstrates that the proposed algorithm significantly accelerates simulation time, without sacrificing accuracy.
Transition Between Two Worlds: Morphological Continuity in Iron Age Cattle, Pig, and Sheep Populations (800–50 bc) of the Rhône Valley (France)
Authors: Seigle Michaël 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe Rhône valley is an important contact point between the Mediterranean and Northern Europe. In Iron Ages (800–50 bc), it was an area of circulation between different material and cultural worlds, where different practices and cultures met. In this particular context, archeozoological studies can offer a different view of these questions of exchange and potential influence, by approaching the issues of food and animal husbandry. This study seeks to approach this question through the prism of animal morphology, the result of a selection of morphotypes by breeders, notably cattle, pig, and sheep, the most common species in the region at the time. Thanks to the log size index method, a certain stability can be demonstrated in pig and cattle morphology over time and space, as well as a slow homogenization of their sizes, which is really visible at La Tène D (125–50 bc). Sheep show a specific pattern with a notable high increase during La Tène C (250–125 bc). Comparison with data from other parts of the Mediterranean world would suggest that the development of local morphotypes owes little or nothing to the influence of Mediterranean breeding practices.
Enhancing the ion transportation on PVDF‐HFP and PMMA based solid polymer electrolyte by fusing Co3O4 and NiO NPs for energy storage applications
Authors: Vijaya B. , Jasmine Beulah Salome S. , Esther Swetha S. , Nallakumar Santhosh , Anand Sekar , Jayasurya D. , Sashmitha K. , Usha Rani M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are desirable for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries due to their flexibility, processability, and increased safety. However, limited ionic conductivity in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) restricts lithium‐ion transport, hindering battery performance. Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) emerge as a potential solution by addressing this limitation. A novel CPE with enhanced ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability is developed in this work to overcome this difficulty. The novel electrolytes are synthesized by incorporation of prepared nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanofillers at varying weight percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) into a PVDF‐HFP/PMMA/LiClO4/EC polymer blend using a solution casting technique. X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirm the effective incorporation of the fillers into the blend by assessing the structure of the polymer electrolyte. The optimal composition, containing 15 wt% each of NiO and Co3O4, exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 10−3 S/cm and an electrochemical stability window of 4.5 V at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a porous structure with a smooth surface in the Li‐ion conducting blend, facilitating faster ion movement. The enhanced Li‐ion transportation, improved mechanical and thermal properties, and fire‐retardant characteristics make these CPEs promising candidates for energy storage devices.Highlights
A novel PVDF‐HFP based polymer electrolyte is prepared for LIB application.
Amalgamation of NiO and Co3O4 nanofillers enhanced electrochemical performance.
The PEs conductivity (⁓10−3 S/cm) is sufficient for implementation in LIBs.
Synthesized PEs can be a potential alternative for the conventional PEs.
Transport of penetrants in polymeric materials
Authors: Chen Chen , Mei Baicheng , Schweizer Kenneth S , Evans Christopher M , Braun Paul V 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransport phenomena of chemical species in polymers underpin many applications. This mini‐review discusses several key transport scenarios in polymer gels, melts and crosslinked polymer networks. Transport mechanisms of a wide variety of penetrant and polymer chemistries are discussed via activated hopping theory and cover across the rubbery, intermediate/deeply supercooled and glassy states of polymers. Moreover, we also discuss the ionic conductivity in polymer electrolytes, emphasizing the relationship between ion diffusion and the segmental relaxation of polymers and highlighting current challenges in the community. Finally, potential research directions are suggested concerning how external fields, such as mechanical force fields, active matter and self‐propelling particles, affect the particle transport in polymers. This mini‐review offers a general overview of motivations for studying penetrant transports in polymers and diverse mechanisms involved. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Utilisation of nanocellulose from cassava peels in polymer electrolyte membrane fabrication
Authors: Widiarto Sonny , Hadi Sutopo , Ndruru Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo , Pramono Edi , Rochliadi Achmad , Arcana I Made 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, lithium‐ion batteries have become the leading energy storage solution due to their rechargeability, long lifespan, high energy density and lightweight design, although the conventional liquid electrolytes used raise performance and safety concerns, particularly regarding volatility and flammability at high temperatures. This study explores the incorporation of nanocellulose (NC) derived from cassava peels into polymer electrolyte membranes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). NC serves as a reinforcing agent, enhancing the mechanical properties of the membranes, such as tensile strength, while its natural abundance and biocompatibility offer a sustainable alternative for electrolyte materials. The membranes were prepared via the solution casting method utilising water as the solvent and subsequently characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XRD, a tensile tester, SEM and TGA/differential thermal analysis/DSC. Incorporating NC into the PEO matrix resulted in enhanced tensile strength and reduced strain at break, while negligibly impacting the ionic conductivity of the membrane. The most effective membrane composition was achieved at a PEO to NC ratio of 80:20, with the optimum ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte being 1.54 × 10−4 S cm−1, a tensile strength of 34.87 MPa and an elongation at break of 65.6%. This research sheds light on the potential of utilising NC from cassava peels to improve the performance and safety of polymer electrolyte membranes for lithium‐ion batteries. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Disruptive Student Behavior and Emotional Exhaustion in Dutch Primary Special Education Teachers: The Mediating Role of Teachers' Competence Beliefs
Authors: van den Brink Femke , Vollmann Manja , Tick Nouchka T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEmotional exhaustion is prevalent among special education teachers (Brunsting et al. 2022). Previous research showed that disruptive student behavior is positively associated with teachers' emotional exhaustion (e.g., Kollerová et al. 2023). However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The present study investigated teachers' competence beliefs as potential underlying mechanisms in the relationship between disruptive student behavior and teachers' emotional exhaustion, specifically examining the sequential mediating role of (a) teachers' perceived capability to manage disruptive behavior and (b) teachers' perceived efficacy in the key domains of effective teaching (i.e., instructional practices, student engagement, and classroom management). In a cross‐sectional design, 313 Dutch primary special education teachers completed an online survey assessing the relevant variables. The sequential mediation model was tested using path analysis. Results showed an indirect relationship between disruptive student behavior and teachers' emotional exhaustion through teachers' perceived capability to handle disruptive behavior and their perceived efficacy in classroom management consecutively. Additionally, a direct association between disruptive student behavior and teachers' emotional exhaustion was found. Findings suggest that training teachers' knowledge and skills to deal with disruptive student behaviors and strengthening their feelings of competence in handling these behaviors may be helpful in the prevention of emotional exhaustion.
Rh(I) Catalyzed Polymerization of Propargylated Monosaccharides to Electrospinable Helically Chiral Linear Polyacetylenes and Sorption‐Active Porous Polyacetylene Networks
Authors: Vaňková Michaela , Havelková Lucie , Brus Jiří , Kočková Olga , Vyskočilová Eliška , Vagenknechtová Alice , Coufal Radek , Bashta Bogdana , Sedláček Jan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe report the Rh(I)‐catalyzed chain‐growth polymerizations of propargylated monosaccharides to form π‐conjugated polyacetylene‐type products with the monosaccharide substituents attached to the polyacetylene backbone via short methylene spacers. The homopolymerization provides helically chiral linear polyacetylenes of M

w
~ 20,000 soluble in either water (monosaccharide substituents with free OH groups) or organic solvents (acetylated monosaccharide substituents). The methodology is established for the transformation of prepared chiral polymers into fibers (average diameter ~2.7 μm) taking advantage of the electrospinning technique. Copolymerization of propargylated monosaccharides with 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene cross‐linker provides hyper‐cross‐linked polyacetylene networks with monosaccharide units content up to 46 wt.%, permanent micro/mesoporosity and S
BET area up to 482 m2 g−1. The monosaccharide substituents of the networks serve as centers active in reversible isothermal adsorption of water vapor from the air. The achieved H2O capture capacity of 200 mg g−1 (298 K, RH = 90%) shows monosaccharides as promising (co)building blocks for the construction of porous materials effective in water harvesting from air.
Exploration of individualized neoadjuvant therapy model for operable esophageal cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database analysis
Authors: Zhou Xingyu , Xue Jiao , Chen Long , Qin Songbin , Zhao Qi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to examine the individualized neoadjuvant therapies for operable esophageal cancer.Methods and MaterialsData of 95,444 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2017 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), and surgery alone was compared in patients with stage II esophageal cancer. Patients with stage III disease were divided into “local invasive type” group (type I, T3N1M0, T4N0‐1M0) and “regional metastatic type” group (type II, T1‐2N2‐3M0) according to the tumor invasion pattern. The effectiveness of nCRT and nCT in different patterns was compared.ResultsIn 2,706 patients with stage II disease, a statistical difference was observed in the overall survival (OS) between nCRT (85.1%), nCT (3.0%), and surgery alone (11.9%, P<0.001, median OS (mOS): 54 vs 41 vs 24 months). Meanwhile, 3,303 patients with stage III disease who received nCRT were included in the propensity score matching. A statistical difference was observed in the OS between “Type I” (n = 217) and “Type II” (n = 217, P = 0.023, mOS: 45 VS 28 months). Among 93 patients with stage III receiving nCT, those with “Type II” (23.7%) showed a greater potential benefit from nCT than those with “Type I” (76.3%, P = 0.686, mOS: 51 vs 40 months).ConclusionsnCRT is recommended for stage II esophageal cancer. In patients with stage III, those with “local invasive type” may greatly benefit from nCRT, while those with “regional metastatic type” may greatly benefit from nCT.