bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible Circuits Synthesis from Functional Decision Diagrams by using Node Dependency Matrices
Authors: Stojković Suzana , Stanković Radomir , Moraga Claudio , Stanković Milena 
Published: June 2019

Decision diagrams are a data structure suitable for reversible circuit synthesis. Functional decision diagrams (FDDs) are particularly convenient in synthesis with Toffoli gates, since the functional expressions for decomposition rules used in them are similar to the functional expressions of Toffoli gates. The main drawback of reversible circuit synthesis based on decision diagrams is the usually large number of ancilla lines. This paper presents two methods for the reduction of the number of ancilla lines in reversible circuits derived from FDDs by selecting the order of implementation of nodes. In the first method, nodes are implemented by levels, starting from the bottom level to the top. The method uses appropriately defined level dependency matrices for choosing the optimal order of implementation of nodes at the same level. In this way, the optimization is performed level by level. The second method uses a diagram dependency matrix expressing mutual dependencies among all the nodes in the diagram. This method is computationally more demanding than the first method, but the reductions of both the number of lines and the Quantum cost of the circuits are larger.
Fifty years of the Wilson Cycle concept in plate tectonics: an overview
Authors: Wilson R. W. , Houseman G. A. , Buiter S. J. H. , McCaffrey K. J. W. , Doré A. G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
It is now more than 50 years since Tuzo Wilson published his paper asking ‘Did the Atlantic close and then re-open?’. This led to the ‘Wilson Cycle’ concept in which the repeated opening and closing of ocean basins along old orogenic belts is a key process in the assembly and breakup of supercontinents. This implied that the processes of rifting and mountain building somehow pre-conditioned and weakened the lithosphere in these regions, making them susceptible to strain localization during future deformation episodes. Here we provide a retrospective look at the development of the concept, how it has evolved over the past five decades, current thinking and future focus areas. The Wilson Cycle has proved enormously important to the theory and practice of geology and underlies much of what we know about the geological evolution of the Earth and its lithosphere. The concept will no doubt continue to be developed as we gain more understanding of the physical processes that control mantle convection and plate tectonics, and as more data become available from currently less accessible regions.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Advanced Imaging in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Divakaran Sanjay , Stewart Garrick C. , Lakdawala Neal K. , Padera Robert F. , Zhou Wunan , Desai Akshay S. , Givertz Michael M. , Mehra Mandeep R. , Kwong Raymond Y. , Hedgire Sandeep S. , Ghoshhajra Brian B. , Taqueti Viviany R. , Skali Hicham , Dorbala Sharmila , Blankstein Ron , Di Carli Marcelo F. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
The diagnostic yield of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) by endomyocardial biopsy is limited. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may facilitate noninvasive diagnosis, but the accuracy of this approach is not well defined. We aimed to correlate findings from FDG PET and cardiac MRI with histological findings from explanted hearts of patients who underwent cardiac transplantation.

Methods:
We analyzed the explanted heart histology for all patients who underwent cardiac transplant at our center from April 2008 to July 2018 and had pretransplant FDG PET (n=18) or cardiac MRI (n=31). The likelihood of CS based on FDG PET or cardiac MRI was categorized in a blinded fashion using a previously published method.

RESULTS:
Using a CS probable cutoff for FDG PET resulted in a sensitivity of 100.0% (95% CI, 54.1%–100.0%) and a specificity of 33.3% (95% CI, 9.9%–65.1%). Three of the 9 CS probable by FDG PET cases were found to be arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. The test characteristics of cardiac MRI are more challenging to comment on using our data as there was only one confirmed case of CS on post-transplant histological assessment. Of the 8 CS highly probable or probable cases by cardiac MRI, 3 were found to be dilated cardiomyopathy, and 2 were found to be end-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions:
FDG PET and cardiac MRI can help facilitate the diagnosis of CS in patients with advanced heart failure with a high degree of sensitivity but lower specificity.
ACC1 (Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase 1) Is a Potential Immune Modulatory Target of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhou Yuxi , Tang Dan , Zhu Ziyu , Li Yan , Huang Tingting , Müller Rolf , Yu Weifeng , Li Peiying 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

Cerebral ischemic stroke elicits profound responses of CD4
+
T cells, which in turn significantly affect the ischemic brain injury. ACC1 (acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase 1) is a key enzyme that has been recently found to propagate CD4
+
T cell–associated inflammation by mediating de novo fatty acid synthesis; however, its role in the context of ischemic stroke remains unknown.

Methods—

Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 minutes in mice. Seahorse XF glycolysis assay and targeted lipidomic profiling were used to detect metabolic changes in CD4
+
T cell after stroke. CD4

cre

mice were crossed with ACC1

fl/fl

mice to generate the CD4
+
T-cell–specific deletion of ACC1 (CD4

cre

ACC1

fl/fl

mice) mice. Pretreatment with calorie restriction (CR; with 30% reduction of food for 4 weeks before middle cerebral artery occlusion) or post-treatment with ACC1 inhibitor, soraphen A were both used to test the effect of ACC1 modulation on poststroke neuroinflammation.

Results—

Cerebral ischemic stroke increased glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis in peripheral CD4
+
T cells, in which the expression of ACC1 was also upregulated. CR downregulated the expression of ACC1 in CD4
+
T cells after stroke. Both CD4

cre

ACC1

fl/fl

mice and CR-pretreated mice exhibited significantly reduced ischemic brain injury and preserved the balance of peripheral regulatory T cells/T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Furthermore, conditional knockout of ACC1 in CD4
+
T cells attenuated the protection exerted by CR both on ischemic brain injury and peripheral balance of regulatory T cells/Th17 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of ACC1 after middle cerebral artery occlusion attenuates neuroinflammation, preserves regulatory T cells/Th17 balance, and improves neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke.

Conclusions—
ACC1 is a novel immune metabolic modulation target to balance the regulatory T cells and Th17 cells and blunt neuroinflammation after stroke. Inhibition of ACC1 can be a previously unrecognized mechanism that underlies CR-afforded neuroprotection against cerebral ischemic stroke.
Incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a validated, register-based nationwide study
Authors: Olesen Winnie Hedevang , Titlestad Ingrid Louise , Andersen Poul Erik , Lindahl-Jacobsen Rune , Licht Peter Bjørn 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesThe incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is partly unknown. Commonly quoted estimates were published decades ago and recent large-scale epidemiological publications lack validation. We validated the pneumothorax diagnosis in a national registry and estimated the incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young patients.MethodsComplete data on patients with an assigned pneumothorax diagnosis was retrieved from the National Danish Patient Registry. Initially, we validated the diagnosis in a selected population: all patient charts with an assigned pneumothorax diagnosis from one cardiothoracic department over a 25-year period (1984–2008) were reviewed. Subsequently, the national incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young, healthy individuals was estimated by restricting our population to patients ≤40 years of age admitted during a 5-year period (2009–2014). We performed a systematic read-though of patient charts in 50% of the complete national cohort to ensure that we only included patients with their first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax.ResultsValidation revealed a poor inter-rater agreement (κ=0.08). Therefore, we abstained from further analysis on directly retrieved data from the national database. Subsequently, a systematic re-evaluation of 7022 patients revealed an incidence rate of 12.3 cases per 100 000 (95% CI 11.5–13.1) in males and 2.2 cases per 100 000 (95% CI 1.9–2.6) in females (male/female ratio 5.9). Compared with the general Danish population, pneumothorax patients had a lower body mass index (p<0.001) and smoked more than the Danish population in general (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in a validated national study was lower than previously reported.
Functional cognitive disorders: identification and management
Authors: Poole Norman A. , Cope Sarah R. , Bailey Cate , Isaacs Jeremy D. 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARYWe review the various functional cognitive disorders (FCDs) – complaints about memory function or another cognitive process in the absence of relevant neuropathology. These are increasingly coming to the attention of psychiatrists and neurologists and FCD encompasses some newly recognised conditions in addition to classic types such as pseudodementia and psychogenic amnesia. The clinical features, neuropsychological findings and treatment are presented and discussed.LEARNING OBJECTIVESAfter reading this article you will be able to:
•describe clinical features of FCD and how it differs from neurodegenerative causes of cognitive impairment•be able to subclassify cases of FCD using the proposed nosology•understand how to discuss the diagnosis with the patient and explain how the symptoms arise.
Zbrodnicza medycyna. Eksperymenty farmakologiczne i doświadczenia z użyciem środków chemicznych przeprowadzane na więźniach z Auschwitz
Authors: Okoniewska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2019

Criminal Medicine: Pharmacological Experiments and Those Executed with the Use of Chemical Substances Carried out on Auschwitz Prisoners
Helmuth Vetter and Friedrich Entress were responsible for pharmacological experiments undertaken in Auschwitz. Both of them tested the following: Be-1034. rutenol and 3582-rutenol in granules supplied by the pharmacological concerns (Bayer and I.G. Leverkusen). It was their task to test these medicaments according to guidelines supplied by the medical companies.In August 1941 experiments with chemicals were initiated in Auschwitz to test the efficiency of these chemicals in killing prisoners. Hydrogen dioxide, gasoline, hydrogen, barbituric acid and phenol were injected to prisoners. In effect of these injections about 30,000 prisoners were murdered.
Społeczne formy oddziaływania nazistowskiego mistycyzmu według polskiej literatury przedmiotu
Authors: Szuppe Paweł 
Published: June 2019

Social Forms of Influence of Nazi Mysticism According to Polish Scholarly Literature
The article presents the social forms of influence of Nazi mysticism through the lens of Polish literature on the subject. It analyses how the broadly understood propaganda of the Third Reich has influenced and shaped social attitudes.
Sejmik ziemi wiskiej wobec zagrożenia moskiewskiego w latach 1654‑1667
Authors: Gajewski Artur 
Published: June 2019

The Wizna Land Dietine Facing the Moscow Threat in the Years 1654‑1667
The war between Poland and Moscow was a turning point in the history of Eastern Europe. This conflict is an excellent moment to analyse the attitudes of Polish nobles towards a multitude of issues. Most of the hitherto contributions and articles have avoided the essential social issues of the conflict. This article sets out to research the attitudes of the Wizna land nobles towards various problems connected with the war, such as ways of financing the conflict, engagement in defence of fatherland, and general opinions on war and peace.
LOS MEDIOS AUDIOVISUALES COMO HERRAMIENTA DIDÁCTICA PARA EL PROCESO ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE DE LA TERMODINÁMICA
Authors: Celeghin Adelina Guadalupe 
Published: June 2019

En el presente trabajo se desarrolló una experiencia pedagógica con alumnos de primer año de la Licenciatura en Nutrición, durante el cursado del módulo Termodinámica, en el año 2017,a cargo de una estudiante avanzada de dicha carrera, en el marco de una Formación Extracurricular en Docencia. Con el objetivo de contribuir en el aprendizaje del concepto de Entalpía de Combustión y su relación con fenómenos de la realidad que lo rodean, se realizó una actividad práctica que fue registrada con herramientas audiovisuales, luego presentadas a los alumnos en una clase expositiva y ancladas en la plataforma virtual de acceso libre para su consulta.
El formato de video, como herramienta didáctica, fue elegido por el 39,62% de los alumnos, quienes lo describieron como más dinámico, entretenido y atrayente que otras metodologías de trabajo. Un 65,09% utilizó este recurso desde la plataforma virtual para la resolución de las guías de coloquios. Con vistas a futuro, se considera de gran valor pedagógico la utilización de este tipo de estrategias para incentivar en el alumno la capacidad de reflexión y lograr que pueda trasladar lo aprendido a situaciones de la vida cotidiana, utilizando la tecnología educativa como material didáctico facilitador del aprendizaje.

Palabras clave: experiencia pedagógica, herramientas audiovisuales, enseñanza, tecnología.
Kesantunan Berbahasa pada Film Kartini Karya Hanung Bramantyo: Tinjauan Sosiopragmatik
Authors: Triana Dina Rizki 
Published: June 2019

Abstrak Kesantunan berbahasa merupakan hal yang dilakukan penutur dalam rangka meminimalisir perasaan tidak senang atau sakit hati akibat tuturan yang diungkapkan. Objek yang dikaji dalam skripsi ini adalah film Kartini karya Hanung Bramantyo. Rumusan masalah pertama, bagaimana wujud-wujud kesantunan menurut Leech dalam film Kartini dan kedua, faktor-faktor apa yang melatarbelakangi kesantunan tersebut. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena kesantunan yang terdapat dalam film Kartini jarang terlihat lagi di kehidupan sekarang. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mendeskripsikan wujud-wujud kesantunan pada film Kartini dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi kesantunan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah simak bebas libat cakap. Penyimakan dilakukan dengan mengamati langsung data-data kebahasaan yang dimunculkan dalam film Kartini, terkait dengan maksim kesopanan dalam percakapan film tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Leech yang mengemukakan enam maksim. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa film Kartini mengandung keenam maksim yang diajukan oleh Leech, yaitu kebijaksanaan, penerimaan, kemurahan, kerendahan hati, kecocokan, dan kesimpatian. Keenam maksim tersebut mengandung tindak tutur ilokusi asertif, direktif, komisif, dan ekspresif.. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesantunan berbahasa yaitu status hubungan, jarak sosial, perbedaan usia, dan lingkungan keraton.Kata kunci: Kesantunan Berbahasa; Film Kartini; Sosiopragmatik
Pengaruh Diabetes Mellitus Gestasional Terhadap Sirkulasi Uteroplasenta
Authors: Sindharta Redhy , Isngadi Isngadi , Uyun Yusmein , Rahardjo Sri 
Published: June 2019

Diabetes mellitus pada kehamilan (Gestational diabetes mellitus/GDM) adalah intoleransi glukosa yang ditemukan pertama kali pada masa kehamilan dan sering menimbulkan komplikasi pada ibu yang mengandung maupun janin yang dikandung. Beberapa organ pada GDM mengalami perubahan struktur dan perubahan fungsi termasuk disfungsi endothel mikrosirkulasi dan makrosirkulasi fetoplasenta. Endothelium-derived Relaxing Factors (EDRF) khususnya prostasiklin dan nitrik oksid berperan penting dalam mengontrol sirkulasi fetoplasental. Endothel vaskuler pasien GDM mengalami disfungsi, sehingga sintesa dan pelepasan prostasiklin dan nitrik oksid (NO) mengalami gangguan sehingga tonus arteria meningkat. Peningkatan tonus arteri yang menuju uterus akan menurunkan aliran darah uteroplasenta dan akhirnya menurunkan umbilical blood flow (UmBF). Endothel pembuluh darah merupakan target utama dari stress oksidatif. Sintesa NO merupakan mekanisme penting yang mendasari perubahan pembuluh darah sistemik dan pembuluh darah uterine selama kehamilan. Beberapa evidensi penelitian membuktikan peranan NO dan ADMA pada kehamilan normal dan insufiensi plasenta. Dengan berkembangnya pengetahuan akan mekanisme gangguan jalur ADMA-NO, pilihan tambahan untuk intervensi terapetik akan dapat ditemukan. Tatalaksana GDM secara umum adalah dengan pengaturan diet, latihan fisik selama tidak ada kontraindikasi, pengawasan dan kontrol gula darah, dan terapi farmakologi Berbagai penelitian lain terus berusaha menemukan terapi-terapi baru untuk memperbaiki endothel dan sirkulasi uteroplasenta pada pasien GDM.
Kadar Substansi P Serum Pada Pemberian Parasetamol Intravena Perioperatif Pada Pasien Kraniotomi
Authors: Cahyadi Bondan Irtani , Satoto Hariyo , Jatmiko Heru Dwi 
Published: June 2019

Latar belakang : Manajemen nyeri pasca kraniotomi sangat penting karena 60-84% pasien pasca kraniotomi merasakan nyeri sedang hingga berat. Rasa nyeri ini ditransmisikan olehserabutsaraf C yang melibatkan neuropeptida substansi P (SP). Pemberian analgetik golongan opioid memiliki efek samping seperti alergi, gangguan gastrointestinal, mual, muntah, hipotensi, depresi nafas maupun retensi urin. Paracetamol memiliki efek yang mengurangi kebutuhan analgesia opioid, dan menghambat hiperalgesia yang dimediasi oleh SP.Tujuan : Mengetahui efek pemberian parasetamol intravena perioperatif terhadap kadar SP serum pasca kraniotomi.Metode : Empat puluh responden berusia 18-45 tahun akan menjalani kraniotomi reseksi tumor intraserebral elektif, ASA I-II, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok P diberikan paracetamol 1000 mg intravena per 6 jam selama 24 jam pasca operasi, kelompok K mendapat plasebo. Analgetik pasca operasi menggunakan morfin syringe pump 0,01 mg/kg/jam titrasi sesuai VAS. Level SP serum diperiksa menggunakan Cusabio SP ELISA kit sebelum operasi dan 12 jam setelah operasi. VAS dinilai pada jam 1, 6, 12, dan 24 jam pasca operasi. Jumlah total pemakaian morfin dalam 24 jam dan efek mual muntah dicatat.Hasil : Kadar SP pra operasi pada kelompok P 16,89± 31,395 pg/ml dan pasca operasi 36,58 ± 46,960 pg/ml. Level SP pra operasi kelompok K 9,58 ± 10,656 pg/ml dan pasca operasi 26,09 ± 22,506 pg/ml. Peningkatan kadar SP pasca operasi kelompok P sebesar 19,69± 28,625 pg/ml, sedangkan kelompok K 16,51 ± 14,972 pg/ml. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar SP dan peningkatannya pada kedua kelompok penelitian (p=0,793 dan p=0,540), sedangkan nilai VAS dan jumlah morfin yang diberikan berbeda bermakna (p<0,05).Simpulan : Pemberian parasetamol intravena perioperatif pada pasien kraniotomi mengurangi kebutuhan morfin dan nilai VAS lebih baik, namun tidak mempengaruhi kadar SP pasca operasi.
DINÂMICA DO DESMATAMENTO NO MUNICÍPIO DE ÓBIDOS (PA) E O ESTUDO DA GESTÃO DO PROGRAMA MUNICÍPIOS VERDES (PMV)
Authors: Aires Alana Paula de Araújo , Carvalho André Cutrim , Nunes Silvia Ferreira , Ravena Nírvea 
Published: June 2019

A pesquisa visa efetuar uma análise preliminar sobre as transformações socioambientais e econômicas ocorridas no município de Óbidos, no Estado do Pará. Uma vez que os recursos naturais são de grande importância e o seu uso requer planejamento e utilização de políticas públicas locais no momento de manejar estes recursos e utilizá-los da melhor forma, tanto para geração de renda para população que reside na região, quanto para preservação desses. No entanto, nos últimos anos o planejamento inadequado para extração desses recursos não tem sido realizado com êxito e com a devida parcimônia com o meio ambiente. Isso acabou gerando um comprometimento muito elevado dos recursos naturais com drásticas consequências para o meio ambiente e para o desenvolvimento do Estado do Pará. Por outro lado, o crescimento econômico e desordenado em regiões de fronteira como o município de estudo, continua sendo as principais causas do desmatamento. Nesses termos, o presente artigo apresenta como objetivo identificar o processo de desmatamento, bem como o vínculo com o desmatamento e a importância das instituições na região paraense e no município de Óbidos, a partir da implementação do programa municípios verdes (PMV). A pesquisa discutirá as políticas públicas locais utilizadas para combater o desmatamento na região, considerando as necessidades e a preposição de alternativas capazes de oferecer melhorias no quadro atual da população dessa região.
Palavras-chave: Desmatamento. Meio ambiente. Desenvolvimento. Programa munícipios verdes.
INFORMAÇÕES EDITORIAIS
Authors: AVELAR KATIA ELIANE SANTOS , De Farias Bruno Matos 
Published: June 2019

A revista Semioses: Inovação, Desenvolvimento e Sustentabilidade é uma publicação trimestral do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Local, do Centro Universitário Augusto Motta. Tem como foco temas interdisciplinares voltados para as Ciências Ambientais e áreas afins. Desse modo, são bem-vindos artigos que versem sobre as questões ambientais e o desenvolvimento sustentável, como a proteção de biomas, erradicação de pobreza, direitos humanos, cidadania, novas tecnologias, educação básica, empreendedorismo, reutilização de matérias primas, construções sustentáveis, energias limpas, inovações tecnológicas, saúde coletiva, produtos e alimentos saudáveis.
Palavras-chave: Ciências Ambientais. Engenharias. Interdisciplinar. Humanidades. Saúde Pública.
El monocultivo de la caña de azúcar en el valle geográfi co del río Cauca (Valle del Cauca, Colombia): un enclave que desnaturaliza la vida ecosistémica
Authors: Ayala-Osorio Germán 
Published: June 2019

En el artículo se hace un recorrido histórico acerca del proceso de dominación y domesticación de la naturaleza, que sirvió a los propósitos de la agroindustria cañicultora instalada en el Valle del Cauca y que extendió sus dominios al valle geográfi co del río Cauca (Colombia). La lectura crítica la asume el autor desde la ecología política, y desde ese campo se le propone llamar al agroecosistema de la caña de azúcar como Enclave Artifi cial Desnaturalizante (EAD). Con estas categorías se expone un ejercicio refl exivo y crítico, con el que se confrontan el discurso con el que se valida a diario la plantación de caña de azúcar y la propia lógica que está detrás del monocultivo de dicha gramínea. Se trata de un artículo de reflexión, anclado en las disquisiciones propias de la ecología política, en la búsqueda de encontrar consensos y provocar discusiones no solo alrededor de la nueva categoría nominativa para el cultivo de la caña de azúcar, sino sobre la sostenibilidad, alejada, por supuesto, de toda lógica de plantación, por los efectos conflictos socioambientales que de tiempo atrás viene provocando dicho cultivo y sus prácticas industrializadas.
Optically Stable Biocompatible Flame-made SiO2-coated Y2O3:Tb3+ Nanophosphors for Cell Imaging
Authors: Sotiriou G.A. , Franco D. , Poulikakos D. , Ferrari A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNanophosphors are a promising new class of inorganic labels for bio-imaging applications, possessing a narrow emission bandwidth, good photostability and low toxicity. The effect of crystallinity of the host matrix on the phosphorescence of Tb-doped (1-5 at% Tb) Y2O3 nanophosphors is explored. Nanophosphors with different crystal phase (cubic and monoclinic) and morphology (uncoated and SiO2-coated) but with similar sizes were prepared by flame spray synthesis. That allowed the direct comparison of their phosphorescence performance excluding any observed size effect. The as prepared nanophosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The meta-stable monoclinic crystal structure of Y2O3:Tb3+ nanophosphors favors their green phosphorescence.