bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiphasic Collagen Scaffolds for Engineered Tissue Interfaces
Authors: Lausch Alexander J. , Chong Lester C. , Uludag Hasan , Sone Eli D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHard–soft tissue interfaces pose unique challenges for regeneration due to architectural, mechanical, and compositional changes between tissues, which are difficult to incorporate into tissue engineering scaffolds. Multiphasic scaffolds are needed to better mimic structural and chemical changes through the incorporation of layers with distinct properties. A particular challenge in the production of multilayered constructs is achieving cohesion between layers. Herein, a novel system is developed, which combines sequential collagen self‐assembly and diffusion gradients in mineralization to produce multiphasic collagen scaffolds that have intrinsic connectivity and porosity between layers, with no need for adhesives or heat treatments. The scaffolds incorporate mineralized layers, wherein the mineralized collagen fibrils have intrafibrillar oriented mineral resembling bone, alongside unmineralized layers. The interface between mineralized and unmineralized layers is sharp and well defined, with nonmineralized fibrils inserting into the mineralized layer to create mechanical interlock and cohesion. Inspired by the complex architecture of the periodontal attachment apparatus (bone–ligament–cementum), it is demonstrated that the model system can be applied to the development of a trilayered collagen scaffold with potential for periodontal regeneration.
Dynamic Electronic Doping for Correlated Oxides by a Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Chen Yuliang , Zhang Ying , Wang Zhaowu , Zhan Taotao , Wang Yi‐Cheng , Zou Haiyang , Ren Hui , Zhang Guobin , Zou Chongwen , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe metal–insulator transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2) is exceptionally sensitive to charge density and electron orbital occupancy. Thus three‐terminal field‐effect transistors with VO2 channels are widely adopted to control the phase transition by external gating voltage. However, current leakage, electrical breakdown, or interfacial electrochemical reactions may be inevitable if conventional solid dielectrics or ionic‐liquid layers are used, which possibly induce Joule heating or doping in the VO2 layer and make the voltage‐controlled phase transition more complex. Here, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a VO2 film are combined for a novel TENG‐VO2 device, which can overcome the abovementioned challenges and achieve electron‐doping‐induced phase modulation. By taking advantage of the TENG structure, electrons can be induced in the VO2 channel and thus adjust the electronic states of the VO2, simultaneously. The modulation degree of the VO2 resistance depends on the temperature, and the major variation occurs when the temperature is in the phase‐transition region. The accumulation of electrons in the VO2 channel also is simulated by finite element analysis, and the electron doping mechanism is verified by theoretical calculations. The results provide a promising approach to develop a novel type of tribotronic transistor and new electronic doping technology.
A Simple and Fast Electrochemical CO2 Sensor Based on Li7La3Zr2O12 for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Struzik Michal , Garbayo Inigo , Pfenninger Reto , Rupp Jennifer L. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the goal of a sustainable energy future, either the energy efficiency of renewable energy sources is increased, day‐to‐day energy consumption by smart electronic feedback loops is managed in a more efficient way, or contribution to atmospheric CO2 is reduced. By defining a next generation of fast‐response electrochemical CO2 sensors and materials, one can contribute to local monitoring of CO2 flows from industrial plants and processes, for energy management and building control or to track climate alterations. Electrochemical Li+‐garnet‐based sensors with Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolytes can reach notable 1 min response time at lowered operation temperatures to track 400–4000 ppm levels of CO2 when compared with state‐of‐the‐art NASICON‐based sensors. By using principles of redefining the electrode electrochemistry, it is demonstrated that Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 can be used to alter its classic use as energy‐storage function to gain additional functions such as CO2 tracking.
A Simple Vacuum‐Based Microfluidic Technique to Establish High‐Throughput Organs‐On‐Chip and 3D Cell Cultures at the Microscale
Authors: Visone Roberta , Ugolini Giovanni Stefano , Vinarsky Vladimir , Penati Miriam , Redaelli Alberto , Forte Giancarlo , Rasponi Marco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMicrofluidic‐based 3D cell culture and organs‐on‐chip have proved able to generate accurate in vitro models of human physiology. Their widespread application and adoption are however hampered by limited scalability and throughput. Here, a novel strategy is described to significantly enhance the throughput of microfluidic systems for 3D cell culture and organs‐on‐chips. A series of 3D culture chambers (up to 96 replicates) can be seeded with a single pipetting operation and a system of normally closed microfluidic valves ensures the resulting 3D microtissues are independent. Devices fabricated with this design principle are employed to perform 3D cultures of rat cardiac fibroblasts and profile two known drugs (doxorubicin, sotalol) in terms of cytotoxicity. In addition, human contractile cardiac microtissues is generated using iPSC‐derived cardiac myocytes and functional assays on microtissues calcium transients after treatment with a known chronotropic drug (verapamil) are performed. The systems here described thus open up new perspective in the scalability of organs‐on‐chip and pave the way to multireplicate 3D cell cultures in microfluidics.
Formation of Tertiary Alcohol via Chelation‐Assisted Nickel(II)‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Unactivated 1‐(Quinolin‐8‐yl)ethan‐1‐one
Authors: Wu Shutao , Guo Weijie , Wang Tao , Xie Qingxiao , Wang Jianhui , Liu Guiyan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of tertiary alcohol via chelation‐assisted nickel‐catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to unactivated ketones was reported in this study. A series of substituted arylboronic acids was reacted with 1‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)ethan‐1‐one and its derivatives to provide various substituted 1‐aryl‐1‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)ethan‐1‐ols and relevant compounds in medium to good yields. The N‐directing group is essential for the addition reaction of arylboronic acids to these unactivated ketones. Nickel(II) acetylacetonate (10.0 mol%) in combination with sodium iodide (2 equiv.) and potassium carbonate (0.8 equiv.) was identified as the optimal catalytic system for the current transformations.magnified image
Asymmetric Phosphine‐Catalyzed [4+1] Annulations of o‐Quinone Methides with MBH Carbonates
Authors: Zhou Tao , Xia Tong , Liu Zhenli , Liu Lu , Zhang Junliang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChiral dihydrobenzofuran units are frequently present in molecules with significant biological and pharmaceutical activities. Herein, we present the first enantioselective formal [4+1] annulation of Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman carbonates with o‐quinone methides (o‐QMs) catalyzed by a newly designed chiral phosphine catalyst. Under the mild and eco‐friendly conditions, a wide range of polysubstituted dihydrobenzofurans were obtained in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities.magnified image
Topology‐Optimized 3D Photonic Structures with Maximal Omnidirectional Bandgaps
Authors: Meng Fei , Jia Baohua , Huang Xiaodong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThree‐dimensional photonic crystals with large omnidirectional bandgaps are critical for diverse device applications, but have been challenging to design due to their structural complexity. A topology optimization algorithm based on the evolutionary topology optimization method to design omnidirectional bandgaps on demand is proposed. Considering an asymmetric simple cubic lattice, large bandgaps between any two neighbor bands are successfully realized and novel 3D photonic structures obtained. The topology‐optimized designs have a uniform bicontinuous character, which originates from the orthogonal distribution of electric fields at the bounds of the bandgaps. The distribution of the dielectric material follows the directions of the wave vectors of the maximum frequencies at the lower bounds. Consequently, the macroscopic effective properties, such as permittivity, exhibit corresponding directionality. The isotropy of effective permittivity indicates the flatness of the lower bound and photonic crystals with large bandgaps tend to have isotropic effective permittivity.
Self‐Assembled Hole Transporting Monolayer for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Magomedov Artiom , Al‐Ashouri Amran , Kasparavičius Ernestas , Strazdaite Simona , Niaura Gediminas , Jošt Marko , Malinauskas Tadas , Albrecht Steve , Getautis Vytautas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe unprecedented emergence of perovskite‐based solar cells (PSCs) has been accompanied by an intensive search of suitable materials for charge‐selective contacts. For the first time a hole‐transporting self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) as the dopant‐free hole‐selective contact in p–i–n PSCs is used and a power conversion efficiency of up to 17.8% with average fill factor close to 80% and undetectable parasitic absorption is demonstrated. SAM formation is achieved by simply immersing the substrate into a solution of a novel molecule V1036 that binds to the indium tin oxide surface due to its phosphonic anchoring group. The SAM and its modifications are further characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared and vibrational sum‐frequency generation spectroscopy. In addition, photoelectron spectroscopy in air is used for measuring the ionization potential of the studied SAMs. This novel approach is also suitable for achieving a conformal coverage of large‐area and/or textured substrates with minimal material consumption and can potentially be extended to serve as a model system for substrate‐based perovskite nucleation and passivation control. Further gains in efficiency can be expected upon SAM optimization by means of molecular and compositional engineering.
Occupational asthma associated with bleached chlorine‐free cellulose dust in a sanitary pad production plant
Authors: Knight David , Lopata Andreas L. , Nieuwenhuizen Natalie , Jeebhay Mohamed F. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundCellulose is an insoluble plant polysaccharide produced from soft‐wood pulp. Although chronic respiratory effects associated with high cellulose‐based dust levels have been previously described, occupational asthma has not. A 37 year old machine operator in a sanitary pad production factory presented with new‐onset work‐related asthma symptoms for two years.MethodsThe worker underwent clinical, pulmonological and immunological (skin prick tests, serum specific IgE determinations) evaluation using standardised procedures. The cellulose product was subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination. A specific inhalation challenge test performed with the cellulose product ensured that dust concentrations were kept below 5 mg/m3.ResultsThe subject was not atopic and did not have elevated IgE to pine wood or xylanase. The cellulose product appeared to be free of protein contaminants on SEM. The Work Effect Index computed on serial PEF recordings was elevated (WEI = 3.8).Specific inhalational challenge with the cellulose product dust revealed a late bronchial response (39% drop in FEV1 at 3 hours post challenge).ConclusionThis is the first reported case of occupational asthma to a cellulose fibre product. A non‐specific immune reaction or irritant response seems likely. These fibres may therefore not be biologically inert. The occupational exposure limit of 10 mg/m3 generally used for cellulose dust appears to be non‐protective.
Evaluating bone remodeling by measuring Hounsfield units in a rabbit model of rhinosinusitis: is it superior to measuring bone thickness?
Authors: Dong Yi , Zhou Bing , Huang Zhenxiao , Huang Qian , Cui Shunjiu , Li Yunchuan , Fan Erzhong , Li Ying , Wang Xinyan 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe traditional method of evaluating bone remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis is to measure bone thickness. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of measuring the computed tomography (CT) value in Hounsfield units (HU) as an method and explore whether it is superior to measuring bone thickness.MethodsThe study was a prospective animal trial. Twenty normal rabbits were included in the control group, and 60 rabbit models were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus to induce rhinosinusitis. The rabbit models were divided into 3 groups according to the time of infection. All animals were euthanized after the CT exam. The samples were scored based on mucus and bone changes. The rabbits were divided into negative and positive groups according to whether bone remodeling was observed. We obtained diagnostic threshold values by measuring the bone thickness and HU of each rabbit's maxillary sinus and compared the values obtained using the 2 methods by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe AUC for the measured bone thickness was 0.838, the diagnostic threshold was 1.165 mm. The AUC for the measured HU value was 0.937, the diagnostic threshold was 904.5. The correlation coefficients were r1 = 0.645 for the measured bone thickness and r2 = 0.797 for the HU measurement (r2 > r1; p < 0.01).ConclusionEvaluating bone remodeling is feasible by measuring either the bone wall thickness or the CT value. However, using CT to evaluate the sinus bones in rabbits with rhinosinusitis appears to be a more valuable option.
ETFDH Mutations and Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Homeostasis Disturbance Are Essential for Developing Riboflavin‐Responsive Multiple Acyl–Coenzyme A Dehydrogenation Deficiency
Authors: Xu Jingwen , Li Duoling , Lv Jingwei , Xu Xuebi , Wen Bing , Lin Pengfei , Liu Fuchen , Ji Kunqian , Shan Jingli , Li Honghao , Li Wei , Zhao Yuying , Zhao Dandan , Pok Joo Y. , Yan Chuanzhu 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveRiboflavin‐responsive multiple acyl–coenzyme A dehydrogenation deficiency (RR‐MADD) is an inherited fatty acid metabolism disorder mainly caused by genetic defects in electron transfer flavoprotein–ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF:QO). The variant ETF:QO protein folding deficiency, which can be corrected by therapeutic dosage of riboflavin supplement, has been identified in HEK‐293 cells and is believed to be the molecular mechanism of this disease. To verify this hypothesis in vivo, we generated Etfdh
(h)A84T knockin (KI) mice.MethodsTissues from these mice as well as muscle biopsies and fibroblasts from 7 RR‐MADD patients were used to examine the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) concentration and ETF:QO protein amount.ResultsAll of the homozygous KI mice (Etfdh
(h)A84T/(h)A84T, KI/KI) were initially normal. After being given a high‐fat and vitamin B2–deficient (HF‐B2D) diet for 5 weeks, they developed weight loss, movement ability defects, lipid storage in muscle and liver, and elevated serum acyl‐carnitine levels, which are clinically and biochemically similar to RR‐MADD patients. Both ETF:QO protein and FAD concentrations were significantly decreased in tissues of HF‐B2D–KI/KI mice and in cultured fibroblasts from RR‐MADD patients. After riboflavin treatment, ETF:QO protein increased in proportion to elevated FAD concentrations, but not related to mRNA levels. These results were further confirmed in cultured fibroblasts from RR‐MADD patients.InterpretationFor the first time, we successfully developed a RR‐MADD mice model and confirmed that FAD homeostasis disturbances played a crucial role on the pathomechanism of RR‐MADD in this mouse model and culture cells from patients. Supplementation of riboflavin may stabilize variant ETF:QO protein by rebuilding FAD homeostasis. Ann Neurol 2018;84:667–681
Finite‐Time Fault‐Tolerant Control for a Class of Non‐Affine Nonlinear System Using Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Wang Cui , Xu Dezhi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study investigates a finite‐time fault‐tolerant control scheme for a class of non‐affine nonlinear system with actuator faults and unknown disturbances. A global approximation method is applied to non‐affine nonlinear system to convert it into an affine‐like expression with accuracy. An adaptive terminal sliding mode disturbance observer is proposed to estimate unknown compound disturbances in finite time, including external disturbances and system uncertainties, which enhances system robustness. Controllers based on finite‐time Lyapunov theory are designed to force tracking errors to zero in finite time. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
Bioanalytical method development and validation of moxidectin in plasma by LC–MS/MS: Application to in vitro metabolism
Authors: Chhonker Yashpal S. , Sleightholm Richard L. , Murry Daryl J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMoxidectin (MOX) has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of river blindness in select populations. It is also being evaluated as an alternative for the use of ivermectin, widespread resistance to which is becoming a global health issue. Moreover, MOX is becoming increasingly used as a prophylactic antiparasitic in the cattle industry. In this study, we developed and validated an LC–MS/MS method of MOX in human, monkey and mouse plasma. The separation was achieved on an ACE C18 (50 × 3.0 mm, 3 μm) column with isocratic elution using 0.1% acetic acid and methanol–acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) as mobile phase. MOX was quantitated using MS/MS with an electrospray ionization source operating in negative multiple reaction monitoring mode. The multiple reaction monitoring precursor ion → product ion transitions for MOX and abamectin (IS) were m/z 638.40 → 236.30 and m/z 871.50 → 565.35 respectively. The MS/MS response was linear over the concentration range 0.1–1000 ng/mL in plasma with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.997 or better. The within‐ and between‐day precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) and accuracy were within the acceptable limits per US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The method was successfully applied to an in vitro metabolic stability study of MOX.
A general gas‐assisted three‐liquid‐phase extraction method for separation and concentration of puerarin, 3′‐methoxydaidzin, puerarinxyloside, daidzin and daidzein from puerariae extract
Authors: Hu Weilun , Shao Qian , Xi Xingjun , Chu Qiao , Lan Tao , Che Fenfang , Liu Yuanyuan , Lu Yanzhen , Wei Yun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this work, a general and novel separation technique gas‐assisted three‐liquid‐phase extraction was established and applied in separating and concentrating isoflavonoids from the actual sample of puerariae extract by one step. For the gas‐assisted three‐liquid‐phase extraction method, optimal conditions were selected: polyethylene glycol 2000 and ethyl acetate as the flotation solvent, pH 5, (NH4)2SO4 concentration 350 g/L in aqueous phase, N2 flow rate 30 mL/min, flotation time 50 min, and flotation twice. Five isoflavonoids compounds puerarin, 3′‐methoxydaidzin, puerarinxyloside, daidzin and daidzein were separated with recoveries of 82, 84, 80, 88 and 89%, respectively. The separated products were purified by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the purity of the final products was >96%. The established general gas‐assisted three‐liquid‐phase extraction was used to separate anthraquinones from Cassiae Semen under the optimal conditions, and the recoveries were >75%. The experimental results showed that the established gas‐assisted three‐liquid‐phase extraction method is a general technique for separating active compounds from herb extract.
A case for expanding carrier testing to include actionable X‐linked disorders
Authors: Rope Alan F. , Kauffman Tia L. , Himes Pat , Amendola Laura M. , Punj Sumit , Akkari Yassmine , Potter Amiee , Davis James V. , Schneider Jennifer L. , Reiss Jacob A. , Gilmore Mari J. , McMullen Carmit K. , Nickerson Deborah A. , Richards C. Sue , Jarvik Gail P. , Wilfond Benjamin S. , Goddard Katrina A. B. 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageA research study utilizing whole‐genome sequence analysis for preconception carrier screening provided a genome‐first detection of a severe de novo Factor VIII mutation in a woman with implications for pregnancy management and life‐saving interventions of her newborn son, and a challenge to the existing paradigm regarding carrier testing.
Catalytic Conversion of CO2 to Value‐Added Products under Mild Conditions
Authors: Yu Yulv , Huang Jin , Wang Yuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe catalytic synthesis of multi‐carbon alcohols (MCA, CnH2n+1OH, n≥3) and higher hydrocarbons from CO2 and H2 under low or even ambient temperature are realized for the first time over a prepared bimetallic catalyst composed of nanoparticles of Pt and Ru supported on Fe3O4 (Ru−Pt/Fe3O4). At 40 °C, the selectivity for alcohols, MCA, and higher hydrocarbons reached 77.1 %, 4.5 %, and 19.5 %, respectively, while that for methane was only 3.4 % (carbon based). As revealed by isotope tracer experiments using O18 labeled water, in the hydrogenation of CO2 over Ru−Pt/Fe3O4, MCA could form by catalytic hydrolysis of alkyl, a novel reaction pathway enabling the formation of MCA at low temperature, which is different from the previously reported one based on CO insertion at high temperature. It was discovered that in Ru−Pt/Fe3O4, both Ru and Pt nanoparticles played catalytic roles in the reduction of CO2 to CHx species and the carbon‐carbon coupling reaction to form alkyl, while the catalytic hydrolysis of formed long‐chain alkyl occurred on Pt nanoparticles.
Rational Design of Carbon Nitride Materials by Supramolecular Preorganization of Monomers
Authors: Barrio Jesús , Shalom Menny 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe control over the chemical and electronic properties of carbon nitride‐based materials is highly challenging due to limitations of the traditionally used solid‐state reaction. Tailoring parameters, such as morphology, surface area, or energy band positions, in this kind of materials is essential for the improvement of the overall performance in a given application, namely photo‐ or electrocatalysis, sensing, or water treatment, amongst others. The supramolecular preorganization of carbon‐nitrogen based monomers via non‐covalent interactions prior to the thermal condensation has made it possible to design graphitic carbon nitride‐like (CN) materials and target specific properties. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in the synthesis of CN and other carbon‐based materials from the supramolecular preorganization of monomers and the consequences on the photocatalytic performance. The monomer sequence, solvent, and reaction conditions which determine the final structure of the supramolecular assembly, and therefore the final CN properties after calcination, are thoroughly discussed.