bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic dynamics of nanoparticles in clusters at a solid-liquid interface by laser trapping
Authors: Hanasaki Itsuo , Hosokawa Chie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
It is well-recognized that the Brownian motion of particles in fluids is random. Nevertheless, there can be characteristics depending on the specific physical conditions. We analyze the system of nanoparticle clusters formed by the laser trapping force field at the solid-liquid interface, based on the microscopy movie data. Since the laser trapping force field is basically a function of radial distance from the focal point in the two dimension at the liquid-solid interface, we examine the difference of displacement distributions in the radial and circumferential directions. The results show that the basic characteristics in this system depends on the laser power, and there is an anisotropy in the stochastic motion of the nanoparticles.
Modulation of Graphene/Au(111) Interaction by Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Fukushima Tomohiro , Yasuda Kensuke , Hasebe Hidetaka , Zhou Ruifeng , Minamimoto Hiro , Murakoshi Kei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Electronic structure of monolayer graphene with metal contacts can be modified by control of interfacial interaction. Here, we show that the strength of local interfacial interaction between graphene and Au(111) surface can be electrochemically controlled by the hydrogen evolution reaction process. Graphene/Au(111) electrodes were prepared by the chemical vapour deposition. Raman spectroscopy indicated existence of monolayer of graphene over Au surface. Local interaction of graphene/Au(111) interaction can be differentiated by intercalation of H2 molecules at interface. This study shed lights on the possibility of proton penetration through the graphene to modify the strength of interaction between graphene and Au(111) surface.
Time-resolved measurement of photocarrier generation in CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals
Authors: Tanaka Y , Akimoto I 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A giant microwave response is transiently observed in CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals under pulsed laser excitation at temperatures in both structural phases across the transition at 161 K. The response is caused by photocarriers generated in the specimen mounted in a microwave cavity. This detection technique is capable of measuring the carrier dynamics with a time-resolution of a few nanoseconds. Based on the time-resolved excitation spectrum near the absorption edge, we unveil that the photocarriers are generated by long-lived excitons as well as by fast band-to-band transition.
Nonlinear polarization optical response to entangled state of biexciton
Authors: Tsuji T , Oohata G , Mizoguchi K 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We have investigated the nonlinear optical responses of biexcitons which show the polarization entanglement by using pump-probe spectroscopy. Measuring all polarization combinations of pump-probe signals and precise analysis using the idea of quantum tomography enable us to extract the specific property of the entanglement. The obtained results indicate the two kinds of the third-order nonlinear response, namely the photo-induced absorption and the optical Kerr effect. From the analysis with the optical Kerr effect signals, the polarization correlations of the optical responses are clearly derived.
Spectral properties of chiral electromagnetic near fields created by chiral plasmonic nanostructures
Authors: Hashiyada S. , Endo K. , Narushima T. , Togawa Y. , Okamoto H. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The surface-enhanced chiral-optical spectroscopy is based on the interaction of chiral molecules with chiral electromagnetic near field localized on a chiral plasmonic nanostructure. It is of fundamental importance to reveal the spectral characteristics of chiral near fields for maximizing the chiral interaction. Here we investigate relations between near field and far field polarization characteristics of the chiral plasmonic nanostructures, using electromagnetic simulations. We found that spectral features of chiral near fields created by the nanostructures intercorrelate with those of far field optical rotation. This finding may provide us a method to characterize and design the chiral near field.
Second harmonic generation from complementary triangular Au metamaterials
Authors: Habibullah Y B , Iwata K , Ishihara T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Sub-wavelength square array of a triangular Au platelet and its complementary structure (i.e. that of a triangular hole in a square film of Au) are compared in terms of second harmonic generation efficiency for fundamental light in the near infrared and visible region of spectrum for normal incidence. Electric field strength around the convex corners of a triangular particle is at least 10 times larger than the one around the concave corners of triangular hole in the complementary structure. Nevertheless the SHG intensity at the respective resonant frequency is found to be comparable, which are numerically estimated by an overlap integral of nonlinear polarization and electric field at the SHG frequency in the nonlinear optical scattering theory originally proposed by Roke et al. (Phys. Rev. B 70, 115106 (2004)). The reason is due to the large electric field strength at the sides of the triangular hole at the resonance frequency, which compensates the suppressed electric field at the concave corners in the overlap integral.
Unpacking the climatic drivers of US agricultural yields
Authors: Ortiz-Bobea Ariel , Wang Haoying , Carrillo Carlos M , Ault Toby R 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Understanding the climatic drivers of present-day agricultural yields is critical for prioritizing adaptation strategies to climate change. However, unpacking the contribution of different environmental stressors remains elusive in large-scale observational settings in part because of the lack of an extensive long-term network of soil moisture measurements and the common seasonal concurrence of droughts and heat waves. In this study, we link state-of-the-art land surface model data and fine-scale weather information with a long panel of county-level yields for six major US crops (1981–2017) to unpack their historical and future climatic drivers. To this end, we develop a statistical approach that flexibly characterizes the distinct intra-seasonal yield sensitivities to high-frequency fluctuations of soil moisture and temperature. In contrast with previous statistical evidence, we directly elicit an important role of water stress in explaining historical yields. However, our models project the direct effect of temperature—which we interpret as heat stress—remains the primary climatic driver of future yields under climate change.
The Human Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus Samples Visual Space Differently From Other Face-Selective Regions
Authors: Pitcher David , Pilkington Amy , Rauth Lionel , Baker Chris , Kravitz Dwight J , Ungerleider Leslie G 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Neuroimaging studies show that ventral face-selective regions, including the fusiform face area (FFA) and occipital face area (OFA), preferentially respond to faces presented in the contralateral visual field (VF). In the current study we measured the VF response of the face-selective posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). Across 3 functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments, participants viewed face videos presented in different parts of the VF. Consistent with prior results, we observed a contralateral VF bias in bilateral FFA, right OFA (rOFA), and bilateral human motion-selective area MT+. Intriguingly, this contralateral VF bias was absent in the bilateral pSTS. We then delivered transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over right pSTS (rpSTS) and rOFA, while participants matched facial expressions in both hemifields. TMS delivered over the rpSTS disrupted performance in both hemifields, but TMS delivered over the rOFA disrupted performance in the contralateral hemifield only. These converging results demonstrate that the contralateral bias for faces observed in ventral face-selective areas is absent in the pSTS. This difference in VF response is consistent with face processing models proposing 2 functionally distinct pathways. It further suggests that these models should account for differences in interhemispheric connections between the face-selective areas across these 2 pathways.
Estienne Roger and his agent Adam Christoph Sellius: new light on Italian and French music in Bach’s world
Authors: Górny Tomasz 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The article opens with a discussion of the Italian and Italianate concertos that Johann Sebastian Bach transcribed for the organ and harpsichord (bwv592–96, bwv972–87). Hans-Joachim Schulze has suggested that Bach encountered these Italian instrumental works as a result of a trip by Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar to the Netherlands. This article suggests an alternative route for Bach to have gained copies of Italian concertos, namely via the Halle and Leipzig bookseller Adam Christoph Sellius. He traded in sheet music published by Estienne Roger in Amsterdam and also in French printed music, probably imported through his contacts in the Netherlands.
Combing Transcriptomes for Secrets of Deep-Sea Survival: Environmental Diversity Drives Patterns of Protein Evolution
Authors: Winnikoff J R , Francis W R , Thuesen E V , Haddock S H D 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCtenophores, also known as comb jellies, live across extremely broad ranges of temperature and hydrostatic pressure in the ocean. Because various ctenophore lineages adapted independently to similar environmental conditions, Phylum Ctenophora is an ideal system for the study of protein adaptation to extreme environments in a comparative framework. We present such a study here, using a phylogenetically-informed method to compare sequences of four essential metabolic enzymes across gradients of habitat depth and temperature. This method predicts convergent adaptation to these environmental parameters at the amino acid level, providing a novel view of protein adaptation to extreme environments and demonstrating the power and relevance of phylogenetic comparison applied to multi-species transcriptomic datasets from early-diverging metazoa. Across all four enzymes analyzed, 46 amino acid sites were associated with depth-adaptation, 59 with temperature-adaptation, and 56 with both. Sites predicted to be depth- and temperature-adaptive occurred consistently near Rossmann fold cofactor binding motifs and disproportionately in solvent-exposed regions of the protein. These results suggest that the hydrophobic effect and ligand binding may mediate efficient enzyme function at different hydrostatic pressures and temperatures. Using predicted adaptive site maps, such mechanistic hypotheses can now be tested via mutagenesis.
Expressions of melanoma-associated antigen A1 as a prognostic factor in Chinese patients with resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yu Yue , Huang Chenjun , Li Zhihua , Zhao Fei , Zhou Yue , Li Jun , Zhu Chenxiang , Li Qifan , Zhuang Yu , Xu Jing , Luo Jinhua , Chen Liang , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESMelanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1) is a potential target for immunotherapy and has been associated with poor survival rate in several cancers. However, little is known about the prognostic predictive value of MAGEA1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aims to determine whether the expression of MAGEA1 is an independent predictor of survival in patients with resectable OSCC.METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on a large cohort of 197 patients with OSCC who underwent radical surgical treatment in the Department of Thoracic Surgery between January 2006 and December 2012. The expression of MAGEA1 in OSCC and matched normal oesophageal mucosa specimens from these patients was detected by immunohistochemistry with tissue microarray technology.RESULTSThe MAGEA1 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tumour cells. The positive expression rate of MAGEA1 was significantly higher in OSCC tissue than in normal oesophageal mucosa (73.6% vs 5.6%, P < 0.001). MAGEA1 expression had no correlations with sex, age, history of smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer, T stage, lymph node metastasis, grade/location of the tumour or TNM stage (all at P > 0.05). Compared with those with negative MAGEA1 expression, patients with positive MAGEA1 expression were associated with a reduced overall survival rate (5-year survival rate: 53.8% vs 37.2%; P = 0.018). The multivariable analysis revealed that MAGEA1 expression is an independent predictor of prognosis (P = 0.007, hazard ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.19–2.89).CONCLUSIONSThe expression of MAGEA1 is abundant in Chinese patients with OSCC and is related to a worse clinical outcome. MAGEA1 may be a useful prognostic factor in patients with resectable OSCC.
Cognitive Impairment That Is Induced by (R)-Ketamine Is Abolished in NMDA GluN2D Receptor Subunit Knockout Mice
Authors: Ide Soichiro , Ikekubo Yuiko , Mishina Masayoshi , Hashimoto Kenji , Ikeda Kazutaka 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has attracted attention because of its rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in depressed patients, its side effects have raised some concerns. Ketamine is a racemic mixture of equal amounts of the enantiomers (R)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine. The neural mechanisms that underlie the differential effects of these enantiomers remain unclear. We investigated cognitive impairment that was induced by ketamine and its enantiomers in N-methyl-D-aspartate GluN2D receptor subunit knockout (GluN2D-KO) mice. In the novel object recognition test, (RS)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine caused cognitive impairment in both wild-type and GluN2D-KO mice, whereas (R)-ketamine induced such cognitive impairment only in wild-type mice. The present results suggest that the GluN2D subunit plays an important role in cognitive impairment that is induced by (R)-ketamine, whereas this subunit does not appear to be involved in cognitive impairment that is induced by (RS)-ketamine or (S)-ketamine.
Modeling and Predicting Developmental Trajectories of Neuropsychiatric Dimensions Associated With Copy Number Variations
Authors: Hiroi Noboru , Yamauchi Takahira 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCopy number variants, such as duplications and hemizygous deletions at chromosomal loci of up to a few million base pairs, are highly associated with psychiatric disorders. Hemizygous deletions at human chromosome 22q11.2 were found to be associated with elevated instances of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder in 1992 and 2002, respectively. Following these discoveries, many mouse models have been developed and tested to analyze the effects of gene dose alterations in small chromosomal segments and single genes of 22q11.2. Despite several limitations to modeling mental illness in mice, mouse models have identified several genes on 22q11.2—Tbx1, Dgcr8, Comt, Sept5, and Prodh—that contribute to dimensions of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, including working memory, social communication and interaction, and sensorimotor gating. Mouse studies have identified that heterozygous deletion of Tbx1 results in defective social communication during the neonatal period and social interaction deficits during adolescence/adulthood. Overexpression of Tbx1 or Comt in adult neural progenitor cells in the hippocampus delays the developmental maturation of working memory capacity. Collectively, mouse models of variants of these 4 genes have revealed several potential neuronal mechanisms underlying various aspects of psychiatric disorders, including adult neurogenesis, microRNA processing, catecholamine metabolism, and synaptic transmission. The validity of the mouse data would be ultimately tested when therapies or drugs based on such potential mechanisms are applied to humans.
Microbubble dynamics in a viscous compressible liquid near a rigid boundary
Authors: Wang Qianxi , Liu WenKe , Leppinen David M , Walmsley A D 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper is concerned with microbubble dynamics in a viscous compressible liquid near a rigid boundary. The compressible effects are modelled using the weakly compressible theory of Wang & Blake (2010, Non-spherical bubble dynamics in a compressible liquid. Part 1. Travelling acoustic wave. J. Fluid Mech., 730, 245–272), since the Mach number associated is small. The viscous effects are approximated using the viscous potential flow theory of Joseph & Wang (2004, The dissipation approximation and viscous potential flow. J. Fluid Mech., 505, 365–377), because the flow field is characterized as being an irrotational flow in the bulk volume but with a thin viscous boundary layer at the bubble surface. Consequently, the phenomenon is modelled using the boundary integral method, in which the compressible and viscous effects are incorporated into the model through including corresponding additional terms in the far field condition and the dynamic boundary condition at the bubble surface, respectively. The numerical results are shown in good agreement with the Keller–Miksis equation, experiments and computations based on the Navier–Stokes equations. The bubble oscillation, topological transform, jet development and penetration through the bubble and the energy of the bubble system are simulated and analysed in terms of the compressible and viscous effects.
Newborn screening for sickle cell disease: an innovative pilot program to improve child survival in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Nkya Siana , Mtei Lillian , Soka Deogratias , Mdai Vera , Mwakale Promise B , Mrosso Paul , Mchoropa Issa , Rwezaula Stella , Azayo Mary , Ulenga Nzovu , Ngido Melkiory , Cox Sharon E , D’Mello Brenda S , Masanja Honorati , Kabadi Gregory S , Mbuya Frederick , Mmbando Bruno , Daniel Yvonne , Streetly Allison , Killewo Japhet , Tluway Furahini , Lyimo Magdalena , Makani Julie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is a recognized cause of childhood mortality. Tanzania has the fifth highest incidence of SCD (with an estimated 11 000 SCD annual births) worldwide. Although newborn screening (NBS) for SCD and comprehensive healthcare have been shown to reduce under-5 mortality by up to 94% in high-income countries such as the USA, no country in Africa has maintained NBS for SCD as a national health program. The aims of this program were to establish and evaluate NBS-SCD as a health intervention in Tanzania and to determine the birth prevalence of SCD.MethodsMuhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences conducted NBS for SCD from January 2015 to November 2016. Dried blood spot samples were collected and tested for SCD using isoelectric focusing.ResultsScreening was conducted on 3981 newborns. Thirty-one (0.8%) babies had SCD, 505 (12.6%) had sickle cell trait and 26 (0.7%) had other hemoglobinopathies. Twenty-eight (90.3%) of the 31 newborns with SCD were enrolled for comprehensive healthcare.ConclusionsThis is the first report on NBS as a health program for SCD in Tanzania. The SCD birth prevalence of 8 per 1000 births is of public health significance. It is therefore important to conduct NBS for SCD with enrollment into a comprehensive care program.
Phase I/II study of intermitted erlotinib in combination with docetaxel in patients with recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (WJOG4708L)
Authors: Kimura Tatsuo , Kawaguchi Tomoya , Chiba Yasutaka , Yoshioka Hiroshige , Watanabe Katsuya , Kijima Takashi , Kogure Yoshihito , Oguri Tetsuya , Yoshimura Naruo , Niwa Takashi , Kasai Takashi , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Ono Akira , Asai Kazuhisa , Tanaka Hiroshi , Yano Seiji , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Nakanishi Yoichi , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Preclinical data suggest sequential administration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) following chemotherapy may improve efficacy. We hypothesized that intermittent delivery of EGFR-TKI following chemotherapy may increase efficacy.

Methods
This was a multicenter, single-arm phase I/II study to evaluate the efficacy of intermitted erlotinib in combination with docetaxel in patients with EGFR-negative NSCLC who failed one prior chemotherapy. The phase I primary objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose (RD) of erlotinib. Erlotinib was administered orally once per day on days 2–16 in combination with 60 mg/m2 docetaxel on day1 for 21 days. A standard 3 + 3 dose escalation design was employed for erlotinib from 100 to 150 mg/dose. The phase II primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). The ORR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a binomial distribution. This study required 45 patients.

Results
In the phase I part, the planned dose escalation was completed without reaching MTD. The RD of erlotinib was determined as 150 mg/dose. In the phase II part, the ORR and disease control rate were 17.1% (95%CI: 7.2–32.1%) and 53.7% (95%CI: 37.4–69.3%), respectively. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.5 (95%CI: 3.1–4.5) and 11.3 (95%CI: 8.6–16.6) months, respectively. The common non-hematological adverse event was febrile neutropenia (grade 3–4:19.6%). Two treatment-related deaths were occurred because of interstitial lung disease and pleural infection.

Conclusions
Intermittent dosing of erlotinib plus docetaxel is clinically feasible in phase I part but did not significantly improve ORR in phase II part.
Early positive effects of tree species richness on soil organic carbon accumulation in a large-scale forest biodiversity experiment
Authors: Li Yin , Bruelheide Helge , Scholten Thomas , Schmid Bernhard , Sun Zhenkai , Zhang Naili , Bu Wensheng , Liu Xiaojuan , Ma Keping 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Aims
Tree species richness has been reported to have positive effects on aboveground biomass and productivity, but little is known about its effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation.

Methods
To close this gap, we made use of a large biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiment in subtropical China (BEF-China) and tested whether tree species richness enhanced SOC accumulation. In 2010 and 2015, vertically layered soil samples were taken to a depth of 30 cm from 57 plots ranging in tree species richness from one to eight species. Least squares-based linear models and analysis of variance were used to investigate tree diversity effects. Structural equation modeling was used to explore hypothesized indirect relationships between tree species richness, leaf-litter biomass, leaf-litter carbon content, fine-root biomass and SOC accumulation.

Important Findings
Overall, SOC content decreased by 5.7 and 1.1 g C kg−1 in the top 0–5 and 5–10 cm soil depth, respectively, but increased by 1.0 and 1.5 g C kg−1 in the deeper 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil depth, respectively. Converting SOC content to SOC stocks using measures of soil bulk density showed that tree species richness did enhance SOC accumulation in the different soil depths. These effects could only to some extent be explained by leaf-litter biomass and not by fine-root biomass. Our findings suggest that carbon storage in new forests in China could be increased by planting more diverse stands, with the potential to contribute to mitigation of climate warming.