bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano‐CaCO3‐embodied polyacrylicacid/dextran nanocomposites for packaging applications
Authors: Sethy Pramod K. , Prusty Kalyani , Mohapatra Priyaranjan , Swain Sarat K. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn present work, Dextran‐grafted poly(acrylic acid) [D‐g‐PAA] hybrid nanocomposites are prepared in aqueous medium with reinforcement of various concentrations of nano‐CaCO3 (CC) through in situ polymerization of acrylic acid. The chemical interactions between filler and polymeric matrix are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The structural properties of the D‐g‐PAA/CC nanocomposite are investigated by X‐ray diffraction, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The aloe vera plant structured morphology is noticed by interaction of dextran with PAA, where CC nanoparticles are embedded within the D‐g‐PAA matrix. The thermal stability of the D‐g‐PAA/CC hybrid nanocomposites is enhanced by the incorporation of nano‐CC. The tensile properties and antibacterial behavior of D‐g‐PAA/CC hybrid nanocomposites are also increased by incorporation of nano‐CC. The oxygen barrier behavior of hybrid nanocomposites is increased by 11‐folds with a reinforcement of 8 wt % of nano‐CC. Herein, the incorporation of nano‐CC enhances the oxygen barrier, thermal, and antimicrobial properties of the D‐g‐PAA matrix by which the synthesized material is suitable for packaging applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48298.
Occurrence, abundance and associations of Topeka shiners (Notropis topeka) in restored and unrestored oxbows in Iowa and Minnesota, USA
Authors: Simpson Nicholas T. , Bybel Alexander P. , Weber Michael J. , Pierce Clay L. , Roe Kevin J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

In the USA, the Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka) is a federally listed endangered species that has been in decline for decades. A key reason for the decline is the alteration of naturally flowing streams and associated oxbow habitats resulting from land‐use changes. The focus of recent conservation efforts for Topeka shiners has been the restoration of oxbow habitats by removing sediment from natural oxbows until a groundwater connection is re‐established. This restoration practice has become common in portions of Iowa and south‐west Minnesota.
The goals of this study were to compare the occurrence and abundance of Topeka shiners in restored and unrestored oxbows and to determine the characteristics that influenced their presence in these systems.
In 2016–2017, 34 unrestored and 64 restored oxbows in the Boone, Beaver Creek, North Raccoon and Rock River basins in Iowa and Minnesota were sampled for their fish assemblages and abiotic features. Topeka shiners were present more often and with higher average relative abundances in restored oxbows.
Nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordinations indicated that fish assemblages found in oxbows where Topeka shiners were present were less variable than assemblages found at oxbows where they were absent, but that abiotic characteristics were similar between oxbow types.
Logistic regression models suggested that the presence of Topeka shiners in oxbows was positively associated with species richness, brassy minnow (Hybognathus hankinsoni) catch per unit effort (no. fish/100 m2; CPUE), orangespotted sunfish (Lepomis humilis) CPUE, dissolved oxygen and turbidity, and negatively associated with oxbow wetted length. These results highlight the use of restored oxbows by Topeka shiners while also providing new information to help guide restoration and conservation efforts.
Real‐time thermal Management of Open‐Cathode PEMFC system based on maximum efficiency control strategy
Authors: Yin Liangzhen , Li Qi , Wang Tianhong , Liu Lu , Chen Weirong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractImproving the efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system is the main problem should be solved for the commercialization of PEMFC. In this paper, the efficiency characteristic of PEMFC system under load and stack temperature variation is analyzed through theoretical modeling and experimental verification. For high efficiency operation of PEMFC system, the maximum efficiency control strategy (MECS) is proposed for thermal management of PEMFC system. According to the efficiency characteristics of PEMFC system, the optimal efficiency trajectory of system is obtained under maximum efficiency optimization (MEO). As PEMFC system is a nonlinear system with the characteristics of time‐variation, and uncertainty, a constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC) is proposed to realize real‐time optimal efficiency trajectory tracking. The MECS based on MEO and CGPC is implemented on‐line, experimentally validated on the established H‐300 open‐cathode PEMFC system. The experimental result shows better tracking ability compared with PID control and testifies the validity of MECS for increasing the system efficiency. Therefore, the proposed MECS can provide better system dynamic response and higher system efficiency.
Incidence time trends and socioeconomic factors in the observed incidence of autism spectrum disorder in israel: A nationwide nested case–control study
Authors: Segev Avital , Weisskopf Marc G. , Levine Hagai , Pinto Ofir , Raz Raanan 
Published: July 2019

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) trends have been gaining a great deal of focus in recent decades, as many studies worldwide show a continued rise in incidence rates. Many researchers have begun analyzing socioeconomic data in relation to ASD in an effort to understand the source of these changing rates and the role of awareness and access to resources. In this study, we aim to contribute to this body of knowledge by examining incidence time trends of ASD in Israel according to socioeconomic factors. While similar studies have been conducted in Israel, this study is the first of its kind to include the total population. Individual‐level data from the Israeli National Insurance Institute were used to determine cumulative incidence of ASD, first for the total population, and then stratified by population group and income categories. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to analyze associations between income category and both risk of ASD and risk of ASD diagnosis in later age. A total of 431,348 children were examined in this study, with 13,841 cases of ASD. The cumulative incidence of all children aged 8 in 2015 was 0.64%, marking an increase compared to previous literature from Israel. Within our study period, ASD incidence followed this increase until the 2009 birth cohort, where it began to stabilize. Our initial findings from regression models showed strong positive associations between household income and ASD incidence, as expected. After factoring in population group, however, the elevated ASD incidence rates in the highest income bracket decreased. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1870–1879. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis study contributes comprehensive and current data on ASD trends overtime in Israel and introduces crucial insights regarding the impact of socioeconomic factors on ASD diagnoses. We found a rise in ASD that began leveling off in 2009. We identified more ASD diagnoses occurring in families with higher incomes and in the General Population, pointing to the important role of sociodemographic factors on ASD diagnoses.
Effect of acupuncture at ST36 on motor cortical excitation and inhibition
Authors: Sun Zhong‐Guang , Pi Yan‐Ling , Zhang Jian , Wang Miao , Zou Jun , Wu Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) is often used to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. However, the effect of acupuncture at ST36 on motor cortical excitation and inhibition remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of acupuncture at ST36 on motor cortical excitation and inhibition.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers were recruited to receive acupuncture treatment. We selected the acupoint ST36 and its respective sham point as the experimental acupoint. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to measure motor‐evoked potentials (MEP) at 7 time points—before acupuncture (Pre), acupuncture (T0), 4 and 8 min after acupuncture (T4; T8), needle removal (T12), 4 and 8 min after needle removal (T16; T20). Simultaneously, paired TMS (pTMS) was employed to measure short‐ and long‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI [short latency intracortical inhibition]; LICI [long latency intracortical inhibition]), respectively, at three time points—before acupuncture (Pre), acupuncture (T0), needle removal (T12). After removing the acupuncture needle, all subjects were asked to quantify their Deqi sensation using a Gas table.ResultsThe average Deqi sensation score of all subjects during acupuncture at ST36 was higher than that observed at the sham point. With acupuncture at ST36, the MEP amplitude was higher at three time points (T0, T4, T8) than at Pre, although the MEP amplitude tended toward Pre after needle removal. The MEP amplitude was also higher at the same time points (T0, T4, T8) than at the sham point. Furthermore, the Deqi sensation score was correlated with MEP amplitude. With acupuncture at ST36, SICI and LICI at T0 were higher than those at Pre, and SICI and LICI at T0 were higher than those at the sham point.ConclusionAcupuncture at ST36 increased motor cortical excitation and had an effect on the remaining needle phase. Deqi sensation was correlated with MEP amplitude. Acupuncture at ST36 also decreased motor cortical inhibition.
Metabolite Profiling by Hyphenated Liquid Chromatographic Mass Spectrometric Technique (HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) and Neurobiological Potential of Haplophyllum sahinii and H. vulcanicum Extracts
Authors: Karahisar Esengul , Tugay Osman , Orhan Ilkay Erdogan , Sezer Senol Deniz Fatma , Vlad Luca Simon , Skalicka‐Wozniak Krystyna , Sahin Mustafa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the current study, the ethanol extracts of flower, stem, and root parts of two endemic Turkish species, e. g., Haplophyllum sahinii O. Tugay & D. Ulukuş and H. vulcanicum Boiss. & Heldr., were screened against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) associated with Alzheimer's disease as well as tyrosinase (TYR) linked to Parkinson's disease using ELISA microplate assay at 200 μg/mL. Among the extracts, the highest inhibition was caused by the stem extract of H. sahinii against BChE (IC50=64.93±1.38 μg/mL). Consistently, all of the extracts were found to exert a selective inhibition towards BChE to some extent. It was only the root extract of H. vulcanicum that could inhibit AChE at low level (IC50=203.18±5.33 μg/mL). None of the extracts displayed an inhibition over 50 % against TYR. Metabolite profiling of the extracts was achieved by a highly hyphenated liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric technique (HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS), which revealed the presence of furoquinoline (β‐fagarine, γ‐fagarine) and amide (tubasenicine, tubacetine) alkaloids; furano‐ (rutamarin), pyrano‐ (xanthyletine), and geranyloxy coumarins; phenylpropanoid (secoisolariciresinol), arylnaphthalene (mono‐O‐acetyldiphyllin apioside), and dibenzylbutyrolactone (kusunokinin, haplomyrfolin) lignans. Several important differences were observed between the extracts analyzed. β‐Fagarine was the major alkaloid in H. vulcanicum, whereas γ‐fagarine was present only in the roots of both Haplophyllum species; moreover, secoisolariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol dimethyl ether were the main lignans in the stems and flowers. This is the first study identifying ChE and TYR inhibitory effect and metabolic profiles of H. vulcanicum and H. sahinii.
Measurement of Disodium 5'‐Inosinate and Disodium 5'‐Guanylate in Aqueous Ethanol by Attenuated Total Reflection Ultraviolet Method
Authors: Li Binghui , Song Yang , Sun Liangjie , Guan Guoqiang , Jiang Yanbin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn online concentration monitoring method was established by using attenuated total reflection ultraviolet (ATR‐UV) coupled with a suitable partial least squares regression for a multi‐solute crystallization system, namely, disodium 5'‐inosinate (IMP) and disodium 5'‐guanylate (GMP) in aqueous ethanol. The results indicated that the established method accurately predicted the concentration of IMP and GMP in the solution. The solubility data was measured at various temperatures and ethanol/water mass ratios, and the experimental data was well correlated by applying the modified Apelblat equation and modified Jouyban‐Acree model. The implementation of cooling crystallization demonstrates that the developed calibration model is suitable for online concentration monitoring with reasonable accuracy and precision.
Slow Magnetic Relaxation, Antiferromagnetic Ordering, and Metamagnetism in MnII(H2dapsc)‐FeIII(CN)6Chain Complex with Highly Anisotropic Fe‐CN‐Mn Spin Coupling
Authors: Zorina Leokadiya V. , Simonov Sergey V. , Sasnovskaya Valentina D. , Talantsev Artem D. , Morgunov Roman B. , Mironov Vladimir S. , Yagubskii Eduard B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractReactions of [Mn(H2dapsc)Cl2]⋅H2O (dapsc=2,6‐ diacetylpyridine bis(semicarbazone)) with K3[Fe(CN)6] and (PPh4)3[Fe(CN)6] lead to the formation of the chain polymeric complex {[Mn(H2dapsc)][Fe(CN)6][K(H2O)3.5]}n⋅1.5n H2O (1) and the discrete pentanuclear complex {[Mn(H2dapsc)]3[Fe(CN)6]2(H2O)2}⋅4 CH3OH⋅3.4 H2O (2), respectively. In the crystal structure of1the high‐spin [MnII(H2dapsc)]2+cations and low‐spin hexacyanoferrate(III) anions are assembled into alternating heterometallic cyano‐bridged chains. The K+ions are located between the chains and are coordinated by oxygen atoms of the H2dapsc ligand and water molecules. The magnetic structure of1is built from ferrimagnetic chains, which are antiferromagnetically coupled. The complex exhibits metamagnetism and frequency‐dependent ac magnetic susceptibility, indicating single‐chain magnetic behavior with a Mydosh‐parameterφ=0.12 and an effective energy barrier (Ueff/kB) of 36.0 K withτ0=2.34×10−11 s for the spin relaxation. Detailed theoretical analysis showed highly anisotropic intra‐chain spin coupling between [FeIII(CN)6]3−and [MnII(H2dapsc)]2+units resulting from orbital degeneracy and unquenched orbital momentum of [FeIII(CN)6]3−complexes. The origin of the metamagnetic transition is discussed in terms of strong magnetic anisotropy and weak AF interchain spin coupling.
Mild and Practical Dirhodium(II)/NHPI‐Mediated Allylic and Benzylic Oxidations with Air as the Oxidant
Authors: Wang Yi , Chen Xiaochuan , Jin Hong , Wang Yuanhua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAerobic allylic and benzylic oxidations catalyzed by dirhodium(II) complexes with N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) are described. The open flask reaction occurs at mild temperature, using air as the oxidant. Mechanistic studies suggest that dirhodium(II) complexes axially coordinate with NHPI to activate the O−H bond in NHPI and decrease the bond‐dissociation energy (BDE).
A Near‐Infrared‐Controllable Artificial Metalloprotease Used for Degrading Amyloid‐β Monomers and Aggregates
Authors: Ma Mengmeng , Wang Ying , Gao Nan , Liu Xinping , Sun Yuhuan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProteolysis of amyloid‐β (Aβ) is a promising approach against Alzheimer's disease. However, it is not feasible to employ natural hydrolases directly because of their cumbersome preparation and purification, poor stability, and hazardous immunogenicity. Therefore, artificial enzymes have been developed as potential alternatives to natural hydrolases. Since specific cleavage sites of Aβ are usually embedded inside the β‐sheet structures that restrict access by artificial enzymes, this strongly hinders their efficiency for practical applications. Herein, we construct a NIR (near‐IR) controllable artificial metalloprotease (MoS2‐Co) using a molybdenum disulfide nanosheet (MoS2) and a cobalt complex of 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid (Codota). Evidenced by detailed experimental and theoretical studies, the NIR‐enhanced MoS2‐Co can circumvent the restriction by simultaneously inhibition of β‐sheet formation and destroying β‐sheet structures of the preformed Aβ aggregates in living cell. Furthermore, our designed MoS2‐Co is an easy to graft Aβ‐target agent that prevents misdirected or undesirable hydrolysis reactions, and has been demonstrated to cross the blood brain barrier. This method can be adapted for hydrolysis of other kinds of amyloids.
A Short Synthesis of (+)‐Brefeldin C through Enantioselective Radical Hydroalkynylation
Authors: Gnägi Lars , Martz Severin Vital , Meyer Daniel , Schärer Robin Marc , Renaud Philippe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA very concise total synthesis of (+)‐brefeldin C starting from 2‐furanylcyclopentene is described. This approach is based on an unprecedented enantioselective radical hydroalkynylation process to introduce the two cyclopentane stereocenters in a single step. The use of a furan substituent allows a high trans diastereoselectivity to be achieved during the radical process and it contains the four carbon atoms C1–C4 of the natural product in an oxidation state closely related to the one of the target molecule. The eight‐step synthesis requires six product purifications and it provides (+)‐brefeldin C in 18 % overall yield.
Prevention of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis in Japanese breast cancer patients using Japanese standard postoperative radiation fields: Experience at a single institution
Authors: Takuwa Haruko , Tsuji Wakako , Yotsumoto Fumiaki , Yamauchi Chikako 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy is an effective local control therapy for breast cancer. Locoregional control is associated with distant metastasis risk and survival after surgery.AimWe aimed to evaluate whether Japanese standard postoperative radiotherapy after surgery correlates with disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival and clarify the characteristics of patients who benefit from it.Method and ResultsThis retrospective study included 626 operable breast cancer patients. Tumor characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between patients who received radiotherapy and those who did not. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to analyze prognostic factors for DFS and perform subgroup analysis. Propensity score matching was used to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy using a logistic regression model in patients who received radiotherapy or did not. The median follow‐up duration after diagnosis of breast cancer was 63 months. DFS and overall survival were better in the irradiated group (P= .002 and P = .001, respectively). Radiotherapy was more effective for estrogen receptor (ER)–positive disease and for early breast cancer without lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that radiotherapy was a dependent risk factor for recurrence or metastasis.ConclusionRadiotherapy prevents distant metastasis and recurrence in early breast cancer patients. In particular, ER‐positive, node‐negative patients benefit from Japanese standard tangent field radiation.
Dynamic Wetting Properties of Mesh Substrates with Tunable Water Adhesion
Authors: Ramos Chagas Gabriela , Fradin Caroline , Celestini Franck , Guittard Frédéric , Darmanin Thierry 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the NICE Lab and InPhyNi from University Côte d′Azur (France). The image shows how to better characterize complex surfaces such as mesh substrates with tunable water adhesion using a catapult‐like process. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.201900443.
Recent Advances on Stimuli‐Responsive Smart Materials and their Applications
Authors: Mrinalini Madoori , Prasanthkumar Seelam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials have raised major attention in digital technology, sensors and biomedical applications owing to quick response towards external stimuli, for example light, voltage, pressure, temperature, mechanical friction and pH. Nevertheless, action of external stimuli on organic materials affects their internal physico‐chemical properties and facilitates improved thermal/photo stability, tuning detection sensitivity, accuracy and biocompatibility. This review article highlights recent progress on stimuli‐responsive materials with mixed valence species, viologens, twisting chirality, crystalline/amorphous, sol‐gel phase transitions and resulting supramolecular nanostructures via non‐covalent interactions. These materials can be applied in flexible electronics, drug delivery, detection of pollutants and bioimaging. Thus, the demand for widespread research on development of stimuli‐responsive materials are requisite to resolve the challenges pertaining to stability and sensitivity of devices for design in comprehensive technology.
A study on treatment sensitivity of ecological momentary assessment in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Rupp Christian , Falke Charlotte , Gühne Daniela , Doebler Philipp , Andor Fabian , Buhlmann Ulrike 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs part of a larger clinical trial, this ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study pursued the main goal of demonstrating that the EMA method is sensitive to treatment effects of detached mindfulness and cognitive restructuring for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). A second goal was to provide a descriptive analysis of OCD symptoms and influencing factors in participants' everyday lives. Thirty‐nine participants were included in the final analyses. EMA sampling involved a smartphone and comprised 4 days with 10 random prompts per day both before (Pre‐Treatment EMA) and after the completion of a 2‐week clinical intervention of either detached mindfulness or cognitive restructuring (Post‐Treatment EMA) that participants had been randomly allocated to. The EMA questionnaire included items on the frequency of obsessions, subjective burden due to obsessions, perceived current stress, emotions, and on the frequency of compulsions and other dysfunctional behaviors. Descriptive Pre‐Treatment EMA results highlight the importance of compulsions and emotional states of tension/discomfort in OCD. Pre–Post comparisons showed a significant reduction of avoidance behavior, obsessions, and burden due to obsessions, with a nonsignificant trend also indicating a reduction of compulsions. There was no pre to post effect concerning emotions. This study adds to the existing research on OCD symptoms and offers further evidence in confirmation of established theoretical models of OCD. Also, our results can be taken as evidence for treatment sensitivity of the EMA method in OCD. Further research is needed to replicate, broaden, and generalize our results.
Microstructure and Metastable Phase in Rapidly Solidified TiAl Alloy Prepared by Vacuum Suction Casting
Authors: Liu Yi , Shi Lei , Yang Guang , Jin Wen‐zhong , Cui Jing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEffect of the cooling rates on microstructure and metastable phase formation in Ti‐50Al‐2Cr‐2Nb alloy is investigated by vacuum suction casting to realize rapid solidification by chilling Cu‐mold. The temperature distribution field is simulated by the ANSYS software, and the cooling rates are calculated about 6.0 × 103–2.2 × 104 K s−1 and 5.3 × 104–6.0 × 104 K s−1, respectively. The results show that phase selection and microstructural evolution are closely related to cooling rates. The transformation of primarily formed α phase into β phase from directional growth zone to the mushy zone determined by microstructural analysis at the cooling rate of 6.0 × 103 K s−1, indicates the occurrence of phase selection and the formation of metastable phase. In addition, the occurrence of massive transformation in the surface chilling zone is generally different from that of heat treatment due to high cooling rates during suction casting.