bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of propionic acid‐induced autism‐like behaviors in rats by fenofibrate: A focus on reduction of brain galectin‐3 levels
Authors: Erdogan Mumin Alper , Akbulut Mine Ceren , Altuntaş İlknur , Tomruk Canberk , Uyanıkgil Yiğit , Erbaş Oytun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive behaviors. This study examines the effects of fenofibrate on a propionic acid (PPA)‐induced rat model of ASD, focusing on behavioral changes, inflammatory markers, and histological findings.Materials and MethodsThirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: a control group, a group receiving PPA and saline, and a group treated with PPA and fenofibrate for 15 days. Behavioral assessments, including the three‐chamber sociability test, open‐field test, and passive avoidance learning, were conducted. Biochemical analyses measured TNF‐α, NGF, IL‐17, IL‐2, and galectin‐3 levels in brain tissues. Histological evaluations focused on Purkinje neuron counts in the cerebellum and neuronal changes in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, along with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels.ResultsFenofibrate treatment significantly improved behavioral outcomes, reducing autism‐like behaviors compared to the PPA/saline group. Biochemically, the PPA/saline group showed elevated levels of malondialdehyde, TNF‐α, IL‐2, IL‐17, and galectin‐3, which were reduced following fenofibrate treatment. Histologically, the PPA/saline group exhibited fewer, dysmorphic Purkinje neurons and increased glial activity in the CA1 region, both of which were ameliorated by fenofibrate treatment.ConclusionFenofibrate shows promise in mitigating autism‐like behaviors in a rat model of ASD, likely due to its antioxidative and neuroprotective properties, which contribute to preserving neuronal integrity and reducing inflammation.
Synergistic Regulation of DNA Morphology by Metal Cations and Low pH
Authors: Wang Xia , Wang Ying , Gao Mingyan , Hou Fengyan , Wang Junxi , Wang Jingyu , Li Ye , Wang Zuobin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs a flexible biomolecule, the spatial structure of DNA is variable. The effects of concentration, metal cations, and low pH on DNA morphology were studied. For the high concentration of DNA, the cross‐linked branch‐like or network structures were formed. For the low concentration of DNA, isolated, random and freely loose linear DNA chains were presented. These phenomena were related to the intermolecular interactions. Branch‐like DNA structures were reformed with the addition of metal cations to the low concentration of DNA at pH 7–4, suggesting the negative charges of DNA were neutralized, thus transforming the spatial structure of DNA into a low charge density morphology and presenting the hypochromic effect. Compared to the monovalent alkaline metal cations, more negative charges of DNA were screened by the alkaline‐earth metal cations. Distinct DNA morphologies were observed for pH 3. The linear and condensed DNA structures were simultaneously observed, which was met regardless of the solution with or without the addition of metal cations. This was further confirmed by the absorbance of DNA. Compared to the pure DNA, bulky and aggregated DNA collapsed structures were formed when the sodium and magnesium cations were added to the reaction solution. In addition, it was verified that the condensed DNA structures failed to revert back to the chain structure by neutralizing acidic solutions with alkali, but the compacted DNA spheres became loose. The conductivities of various DNA morphologies were measured. They were morphology‐dependent. This study provides guidance for the behavior of DNA in the acidic solutions and further promotes the application of DNA in DNA‐based nano‐optoelectronic devices.
Effect of gypsum on transport of IMX‐104 constituents in overland flow under simulated rainfall
Authors: Polyakov Viktor , Beal Samuel , Meding Stephen Mercer , Dontsova Katerina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResidue of energetic formulations, which is deposited on military training grounds following incomplete detonation, poses biotic hazards. This residue can be transported off‐site, adsorb to soil clays and organic matter, transform or degrade, or taken up by plants and animals. Its harmful effects can be mitigated by localizing the energetics at the site of initial deposition using soil amendments and allowing them to bio‐ and photodegrade in situ. Small plots with coarse loamy soil were used to study the effect of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) on transport and redistribution under simulated rainfall of various sizes of insensitive munition explosive (IMX)‐104 particles, which consist of 3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one (NTO), 2,4‐dinitroanisole (DNAN), hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX), and octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tertranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX). The addition of gypsum more than doubled infiltration and decreased sediment loss by 16% compared to the control. The post‐rainfall mass balance of IMX‐104 in the order from greater to smaller pools was as follows: (1) soil surface retention, (2) off‐site loss to overland flow, and (3) sub‐surface infiltration. Overall, the application of gypsum significantly decreased concentration and the total mass loss of dissolved DNAN, RDX, and HMX in surface runoff. In addition, gypsum significantly decreased (for NTO, DNAN, and HMX) or delayed (for NTO, DNAN, RDX, and HMX) the peak discharge of <2 mm particulate energetics. The infiltration of NTO in the gypsum treatment was fivefold greater than in the control. Moreover, DNAN and RDX were also present in infiltration, while in the gypsum‐free control none were found. Gypsum shifted the total mass balance of energetics toward subsurface flow. This study indicates that gypsum may decrease off‐site transport of energetic constituents in the soils that are subject to surface sealing.
Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Effects of Selenium And Nano Selenium‐Loaded Exosomes on Hepatic Dysfunction of Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Alahmari Layla A. , Ali Lashin S. , Fansa Hoda A. , Alshaya Dalal S. , Al‐Salmi Fawziah A. , El‐Hallous Ehab I. , Eldesoqui Mamdouh , Gad Elsaid Fahmy , Fayad Eman , El‐Mansy Ahmed A. , Alsharif Ghadi , Khalil Dlovan Y. , Mahmood Maryam Bakir , Khalil Rozhan Yassin , Rashwan Hanan M. , El‐Sawah Shady G. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMesenchymal stem cells‐derived exosomes (MSCs‐EXs) applications have brought a key breakthrough in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its diabetic complications. However, various recent strategies aimed to construct prominent engineered EXs with greater precision and higher efficiency for diabetes syndrome were conducted. In this research, we seek to enhance the medicinal potentialities of MSCs‐EXs on type 1 diabetic rats' hepatic complications, via loading with either selenium (Se) or nano selenium (NSe) particles. For consecutive 4‐weeks, rats were divided into 8 groups as; control, EXs, EXs + Se, EXs + NSe, STZ‐diabetic (D), D + EXs, D + EXs + Se, and D + EXs + NSe groups. The three diabetic‐treated groups manifested a significant reduction in hepatic contents of oxidative stress (OS) (MDA, NO, and H2O2) inflammatory (IL‐6, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β), and apoptotic (P53, BAX, caspase‐3, and Bcl2) markers, with marked elevation in hepatic antioxidant levels (GSH, GPX, SOD, and CAT). Such results were supported by the marked diminish in serum total proteins, liver function enzymes (AST, ALT, and bilirubin), and both serum and liver lipid profile fractions. In addition, hepatic histological examination showed marked improvement in liver architecture of all treated diabetic rats' groups, compared to diabetic untreated rats. Significantly, diabetic rats with EXs loaded with NSe exhibited the most therapeutic superiority.
Fibrinogen concentrate use in the operating theatre at a quaternary hospital in Australia
Authors: Ziser Kate Elizabeth Doreen , Bullock Madeline , Coghill Brett , Al‐Kureshy Sarah , Nihal Aaron , Bendeich Jess 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAt our quaternary teaching hospital in Queensland, Australia, there has been a rapid increase from 2019 to 2022 in the usage of fibrinogen concentrate (FC) in preference to cryoprecipitate for cardiac surgery. FC is indicated for patients having major trauma requiring haemostatic resuscitation, major intraoperative haemorrhage, or liver transplant patients with major intraoperative haemorrhage. These patients must exhibit severe hypofibrinogenaemia, which is assessed using assay cut‐offs of thromboelastogram (TEG) (citrated functional fibrinogen [CFF] ≤ 10 mm) or rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) (FIBTEM A5 ≤ 8 mm). FC usage over cryoprecipitate for cardiac surgery is an ongoing debate due to advantages such as dose predictability, rapid reconstitution, viral inactivation, and minimal transfusion‐related adverse events; however, it is expensive. The aim of this study was to capture prescribing patterns of FC and appropriateness against local guidelines. Retrospective data were analysed, and the practice was compared to hospital guidelines. Data from 52 patients over a 4‐year period (2019–2022) showed intraoperative haemorrhage was the leading indication for FC use (65%, n = 34), followed by liver transplantation (27%, n = 14), and major trauma (8%, n = 4). When breaking down the cause of intraoperative haemorrhage, cardiothoracic surgery, both elective (50%, n = 17) and emergency procedures (41%, n = 14), accounted for 91% of all operative bleeding requiring FC. There were 34 (65%) of 52 patients who received a differing dose of FC compared to what was recommended in the hospital guideline, with 50% (n = 17) receiving a higher than recommended dose and 50% (n = 17) receiving lower than recommended doses. This project was exempt due to the local policy requirements that constitute research by the Metro South Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference no: CM2305202303). The justification for this exemption was as follows: the study presented no foreseeable risk of patient harm as it involved evaluation of standard care involved the use of existing non‐identifiable patient records.
Site‐specific effects of fertilizer on hay and grain yields of oats: evidence from large‐scale field experiments
Authors: Mao Liping , Zhang Hongbo , Yang Zengnan , Li Yuan , Shen Yuying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDOat (Avena sativa L.) is a valuable crop due to its strong adaptability to marginal environments, making it an important component of agricultural systems in regions where other cereals may not thrive. The application of chemical fertilizer can influence oat hay and grain yield significantly. However, large‐scale meta‐analytical studies of the size and variability of oat hay and grain yields in response to fertilizer addition are still lacking. Based on 83 studies worldwide, this meta‐analysis quantifies the impact of the addition of fertilizer on oat hay and grain yields under varying environmental conditions (e.g., soil nutrient levels, texture, and climate).RESULTSThe results confirmed that the fertilizer application increased oat hay yield by 48.9% and grain yield by 36.2%. This study demonstrated that balanced fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium generally enhances oat hay and grain yield despite large temporal and spatial variations. Boosted regression tree (BRT) models suggest that changes in hay and grain yield were primarily dominated by soil pH and nitrogen fertilizer. The response ratio (the natural logarithm of the mean values of hay yield or grain yield with and without fertilization, respectively) of hay yield declined linearly with soil pH. Elevation was the second most important factor affecting the change in response ratio of hay yield and the third most important factor affecting the change in response ratio of grain yield but climatic conditions were not the dominant factors affecting changes in oat hay or grain yield.CONCLUSIONOverall, these results will benefit producers considering site‐specific fertilization management of oat. They could increase yields and save investment in fertilizer, and help to facilitate the genetic breeding of oat varieties with high nutrient use efficiency. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Angioedema following venipuncture in a patient on angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor and dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV inhibitor therapy: A case report
Authors: Bénic Adrien , Boyard Adrien , Pogossian Alexan , Misery Laurent , Roguedas‐Contios Anne‐Marie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcquired angioedema (AAE) is a rare, potentially life‐threatening condition, primarily induced by medications, with attacks typically triggered by major trauma. We report a rare case of AAE triggered locally by minor trauma—a forearm venipuncture—in a 77‐year‐old male taking ramipril and sitagliptin. The venipuncture and these medications acted synergistically through distinct pathways in bradykinin metabolism, resulting in localized AAE. This case highlights the importance of recognizing minor trauma as a potential trigger in patients on multiple AAE‐inducing medications.
Inpatient cost comparison of total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with medial compartmental osteoarthritis using time‐driven activity‐based costing
Authors: Lim Perry L. , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Goh Graham S. , Melnic Christopher M. , Bedair Hany S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeUsing time‐driven activity‐based costing (TDABC), we sought to compare the total facility costs, comprising supply and personnel costs during the episode of care for the index procedure, in patients with isolated medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) versus total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 100 UKAs and 100 TKAs from 2019 to 2022. From a larger sample of 4899 TKAs and 137 UKAs, patients with isolated medial OA (Kellgren–Lawrence Grade <2 in other compartments) were radiographically identified. Demographic data included age, sex and body mass index, with comorbidities controlled using the Charlson comorbidity index. Facility costs were calculated using TDABC and standardized in cost units (CUs), a metric for comparing costs across procedures. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of TKA versus UKA on facility costs.ResultsTKA patients had similar operative times (TKA vs. UKA: 1.01×, p = 0.783) and supply costs (1.00×, p = 0.866), where ‘x’ denotes the relative cost ratio. However, TKA was associated with higher personnel costs (260.0 vs. 222.5 CUs [1.17×], p < 0.001) and total facility costs, both including (706.3 vs. 667.5 CUs [1.06×], p = 0.007) and excluding implants (353.8 vs. 312.5 CUs [1.13×], p < 0.001). Adjusted for demographics and comorbidities, TKA had increased facility costs, including (32.2 CUs, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.9–61.5, p = 0.031) and excluding implants (37.8 CUs, 95% CI: 15.2–60.3, p = 0.001).ConclusionsTDABC analysis revealed higher total facility costs for the index procedure in TKA, suggesting UKA may be a cost‐saving alternative for isolated medial compartment knee OA.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.
Individualized post‐operative prediction of cochlear implantation outcomes in children with prelingual deafness using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhao Xue , Liu Haotian , Wang Yuyang , Zhang Zhikai , Zhang Yuxuan , Liu Yuhe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to develop an objective measure and predictor of cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for young children with prelingual deafness.MethodsSound‐evoked hemodynamic responses were recorded from auditory and language‐related cortical regions of 47 child CI recipients (35.47 ± 17.24 months of age) using fNIRS shortly after CI activation (0.26 ± 0.30 months). There were four sound conditions (natural speech, instrumental music, multi‐speaker babble noise, and speech‐in‐noise). Post‐CI auditory and verbal communication performance was evaluated using clinical questionnaires with caretakers. Both classification and individualized regression models were constructed to predict post‐CI behavioral improvement from fNIRS data using support vector machine (SVM) learning algorithms.ResultsAuditory cortical responses shortly after CI hearing onset yielded highly accurate prediction of behavioral development in young CI children. For classification models, optimal prediction was achieved using cortical responses to two or more sound conditions, with the highest accuracy of 98.20% (precision = 98.17%, sensitivity = 98.96%, area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve = 99.61%) obtained with the combination of speech, noise, and music stimuli. Similarly, for regression models, best prediction of individual development was achieved using three (highest r = 0.919) or four (r = 0.966) sound conditions. The predictability of cortical responses far outperformed (Cohen's d: 18.56) that of the collection of audiological and demographic parameters (classification accuracy: 0.62) under the same SVM algorithms and could not benefit from the inclusion of the latter.ConclusionMachine learning models using auditory cortical hemodynamic responses shortly after CI activation were able to predict individualized post‐CI behavioral improvement in children with prelingual deafness.Level of EvidenceLevel 5.
Multi‐Color Optical Quasiparticle Laser Source Formed of a Pr3+ Doped Fiber Laser with a Dual‐Output Coupling Geometry
Authors: Yoneda Yuto , Allam Srinivasa Rao , Kerridge‐Johns William R. , Fujimoto Yasushi , Omatsu Takashige 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe generation of multicolor (523, 605, 637, and 719 nm) optical quasiparticles (bimerons and skyrmions with topologically protected polarization textures) from a diode‐pumped Pr3+‐doped fluoro‐aluminate glass (Pr3+: WPFG) fiber simply with intra‐cavity plano‐convex lens and wedge‐plate and without any wavefront control elements, such as a spatial light modulator is demonstrated. This robust and cost‐saving system efficiently produces Bloch‐, Néel‐, and anti‐quasiparticles with high mode purity. In particular, the green optical quasiparticles will have the potential to explore many applications in materials science and biotechnologies.
Photo‐Accelerated Synthesis of Oligo(triazole amide)s
Authors: Petropoulos Alexandros , Charles Laurence , Becht Jean‐Michel , Schmitt Michael , Lalevée Jacques , Lutz Jean‐François 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA photo‐assisted process is explored for improving the synthesis of oligo(triazole amide)s, which are prepared by solid phase synthesis using a repeated cycle of two reactions: amine‐carboxylic acid coupling and copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The improvement of the second reaction is investigated herein. A catalytic system involving Cu(II)Cl2, N,N,N’,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) and a titanocene photoinitiator is explored for reducing the reaction time of CuAAC. This catalyst is first tested on a model reaction involving phenylacetylene and ethyl azidoacetate in DMSO. The kinetics of these model experiments are monitored by 1H NMR in the presence of different concentrations of the photoinitiator. It is found that 30 mol% of photoinitiator leads to quantitative reactions in only 8 min. These conditions are then applied to the solid phase synthesis of oligo(triazole amide)s, performed on a glycine‐loaded Wang resin. The backbone of the oligomers is constructed using 6‐heptynoic acid and 1‐amino‐11‐azido‐3,6,9‐trioxaundecane as submonomers. Due to slow reagent diffusion, the CuAAC step required more time in the solid phase than in solution. Yet, one hour only is necessary to achieve quantitative CuAAC on the resin, which is twice as fast as previously‐reported conditions. Using these optimized conditions, oligo(triazole amide)s of different length are prepared.
Activated Phenyl Ester Vitrimers
Authors: Engelen Stéphanie , Daelman Bram , Winne Johan M. , Du Prez Filip E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAromatic esters are amongst the oldest known chemical motifs that allow for thermal (re)processing of thermosetting polymers. Moreover, phenyl esters are generally known as activated esters that do not require a catalyst to undergo acyl transfer reactions. Even though dynamic aromatic esters find applications in commercialized thermoset formulations, all‐aromatic esters have found limited use so far in the design of covalent adaptable networks (CAN) as a result of their high glass transition temperature (Tg) and specific curing process. Here, a strategy to include partly aromatic esters as dynamic cross‐links inside low Tg (−40 °C) thermosetting formulations, using aliphatic esters derived from para‐hydroxybenzoic acid, which serves as a highly activated phenol or as a reactive “phenylogous anhydride” is reported. A small molecule study shows that the activated phenyl ester bonds can readily exchange with free phenol moieties at 200 °C under catalyst‐free conditions, while the addition of a catalyst allows for a faster exchange. Robust and hydrophobic polymer networks are conveniently prepared via rapid thiol‐ene UV‐curing of unsaturated phenol esters. The obtained networks show high thermal stability (350 °C), fast processability, good water resistance, and low creep up to 120 °C, thus showing good promise as a platform for CAN.
Bubble‐Assisted Sample Preparation Techniques for Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Elpa Decibel P. , Urban Pawel L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis review delves into the efficacy of utilizing bubbles to extract analytes into the gas phase, offering a faster and greener alternative to traditional sample preparation methods for mass spectrometry. Generating numerous bubbles in liquids rapidly transfers volatile and surface‐active species to the gas phase. Recently, effervescence has found application in chemical laboratories for swiftly extracting volatile organic compounds, facilitating instantaneous analysis. In the so‐called fizzy extraction, liquid matrices are pressurized with gas and then subjected to sudden decompression to induce effervescence. Alternatively, specifically designed effervescent tablets are introduced into the liquid samples. In situ bubble generation has also enhanced dispersion of extractant in microextraction techniques. Furthermore, droplets from bursting bubbles are collected to analyze non‐volatile species. Various methods exist to induce bubbling for sample preparation. The polydispersity of generated bubbles and the limited control of bubble size pose critical challenges in the stability of the bubble–liquid interface and the ability to quantify analytes using bubble‐based sample preparation techniques. This review covers different bubble‐assisted sample preparation methods and gives practical guidance on their implementation in mass spectrometry workflows. Traditional, offline, and online approaches for sample preparation relying on bubbles are discussed. Unconventional bubbling techniques for sample preparation are also covered.
The Effects of Carbonate on Candida albicans Filamentation, Biofilm Formation, and Antifungal Resistance
Authors: Miedema Trenton P. , Grooters Kayla E. , Cleary Ian A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCandida albicans, a member of the normal microbial population of healthy humans, is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients. An important virulence factor of C. albicans is the formation of biofilms. These organized communities of cells are efficient at attaching to host cells and implanted medical devices. Carbonate has been studied as an agricultural antifungal agent, and here we demonstrate that carbonate can affect filamentation, biofilm formation, and antifungal drug resistance in C. albicans.