bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the Oxidative Stress-Related Molecular Characteristics and Potential Therapeutic Targets of Schizophrenia through Integrated Gene Expression Data Analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiu-Mei , Chen Ji , Liu Jian-Wei , Guo Rui , Ba Hua-Jie , Yang Chun , Li Shi-Lin , Huang Ping , Li Cheng-Tao , Zhang Su-Hua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by oxidative stress imbalances. The underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress-related gene expression in schizophrenia require further investigation. Additionally, the diagnosis of schizophrenia lacks sensitive and specific biomarkers as well as predictive models for assessing susceptibility.
Methods
We analyzed genome-wide mRNA expression profiles from GSE38484 (schizophrenia = 106, control = 96) and GSE54913 (schizophrenia = 18, control = 12) using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and machine learning to identify oxidative stress-related hub genes in schizophrenia. Subsequent analyses included Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, protein-protein interaction networks, immune cell infiltration, and molecular docking. A diagnostic model was also constructed.
Results
We identified five hub genes associated with oxidative stress in schizophrenia: CTSB, RNH1, REC8, ITIH4, and TNFAIP8L1, and constructed a diagnostic model (AUC = 0.954). Five hub genes and twenty co-expressed genes were enriched in pathways related to endopeptidase and endoribonuclease activities. Significant differences in the abundance of seven immune cell types were noted in schizophrenia samples. Drug prediction and molecular docking suggested UREA and COUMARIN as potential therapeutic agents targeting CTSB.
Conclusions
We identified five hub genes associated with oxidative stress in schizophrenia: CTSB, RNH1, REC8, ITIH4, and TNFAIP8L1. We carried out downstream analyses and constructed a diagnostic model for schizophrenia.
Transcriptome based weighted gene coexpression network analysis reveals synergistic effects of darkness and mechanical stimulation on pod development in peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)
Authors: Huang Lu , Umer Muhammad J. , Liu Hao , Li Haifen , Wang Runfeng , Qianxia Yu , Li Shaoxiong , Varshney Rajeev K. , Pandey Manish K. , Hong Yanbin , Lu Qing , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Peanut is an important oil crop with atypical fruitification pattern which require darkness and mechanical stimulation to facilitate normal pod development. Despite some progress in understanding peanut pod development and its response to external environmental stimulation, numerous unresolved questions and knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of darkness and mechanical stimulation in this complex process. Results: In this study, we managed to investigate the impacts of dark and mechanical stimulation on peanut pod development via transcriptome. A total of 55,087 genes along with a series of DEGs and pathways were identified among different treatment groups (CK, TB, TML and TMB) that play crucial roles, and offers a novel perspective on the role of photosynthesis during peanut pod development. Moreover, by utilizing weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) we identified several hub genes (e.g., IAA9 (Ahy_B07g086610), BSK5 (Ahy_B03g068305), GRF7 (Ahy_B10g103808), and PER17 (Ahy_B10g105104)) and key pathways (e.g., plant hormonal and signal transduction pathway, and lignin biosynthesis pathway) that might be true candidates for peanut pod development. Further, the expression patterns of key candidates were validated via qRT-PCR during different pod development stages. Conclusions: Overall, our findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying peanut pod development in responding to darkness and mechanical stimulations.
Novel Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Soil Moisture Content Using Hydrological and Soil Characteristics: A Comparative Analysis of ANN, SVM, and ANFIS Models
Authors: Taylan Osman , Al-Juaidi Ahmed E. M. , Guloglu Bulent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The agricultural system's ability to make decisions on water management and irrigation scheduling depends on knowledge of the soil moisture content. However, when used with large datasets, standard techniques for estimating soil moisture content, like time-domain reflectometry and gravimetric analysis, need a significant amount of time and manual labor. The moisture content of soil is significantly influenced by numerous critical hydrological and soil parameters. As a result, these characteristics can be used to calculate and predict the soil moisture content. This work offers an alternative machine learning (ML) method for modeling and predicting moisture content of soil based on hydrological and soil characteristics. To predict the moisture content of soil from various hydrological and soil properties, such as average water depth (feet), average soil bulk density (g/cm3), average organic matter (%), Cation-Exchange capacity (meq/100g), percentages of clay and sand content (%), and tonnage of residuals (ton/acre), three machine learning techniques were employed: artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were employed for the prediction of the soil moisture content. The findings demonstrated that all three methods (ANN, SVM, and ANFIS) could accurately predict moisture content, with different prediction error rates. The average prediction error (APE) of ANN, SVM, and ANFIS is 9.057%, 10.834%, and 5.753%, respectively, of which the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) was observed for ANFIS of the testing (0.9979) and training (1.0049) datasets. In nutshell, the created models may be used to forecast the moisture in the soil of any farms with given hydrological and soil characteristics to control the water management system, saving money, effort and scarce water resources in the process of figuring out the soil moisture content.
Exploring the Barriers and Facilitators to Vaccination among the Immunocompromised Population: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ejiegbu Anne , Shayanfar Melody , Brondani Mario 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Individuals with immune deficiency are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality caused by vaccine-preventable diseases. Despite the advantages of vaccination, some members of this high-risk population question or refuse vaccines. This study aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to vaccination among people with altered immunocompetence via a scoping review.
Methods
This review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's framework to identify relevant publications examining factors influencing vaccine behaviours in immunocompromised populations. Our search encompassed studies published from January 1974 to July 25, 2022, across various databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, ProQuest, TRIP, CHODARR, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. Both peer-reviewed and grey literature were incorporated, irrespective of language, in line with predefined criteria. The synthesis specifically addressed vaccine uptake and hesitancy outcomes, along with factors acting as barriers or facilitators.
Results
Seventy-six publications were included, addressing both congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies. Notably, vaccines for COVID-19, Influenza, Pneumococcal disease, and Hepatitis B featured prominently. Vaccine uptake rates exhibited a wide range, spanning from 5.6–96.7%. Factors deterring vaccination uptake included concerns about adverse vaccine effects, doubts about vaccine benefits, lack of healthcare professional recommendations, and younger age. Conversely, predictors of higher vaccination uptake comprised older age, perceived vulnerability to vaccine-preventable diseases, higher education attainment, prior vaccination history, and longer immunosuppression duration.
Conclusions
Our study highlights that immunocompromised individuals' vaccination behaviours are influenced by unique health-related factors, such as concerns about vaccine safety and reliance on physicians due to limited vaccine knowledge. These insights are pivotal in the formulation of effective public health policies and interventions that address safety concerns and knowledge gaps and enhance understanding to support informed vaccination decisions.
Recent Patents on Cageless Rolling Bearings
Authors: Pan Chengyi , Guo Jiahe , Zhang Fanfan 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Rolling bearings are widely used as core components in mechanical
equipment. Most bearings are equipped with a cage. However, when bearings work under conditions
of large load and high speed, the cage will produce violent friction and collision between the
rolling body and the rings of the bearing, which will reduce the stability of the bearing operation
and even fracture the cage. Bearing cage significantly impacts the rotational accuracy and life of
the bearing. Therefore, in recent years, many scholars have begun researching cageless rolling
bearings. The cageless rolling bearing eliminates the various adverse effects brought about by the
cage and reduces the weight of the bearing. However, the bearing structure must be reasonably designed
to eliminate the reverse friction between adjacent rolling elements in cageless cases. Therefore,
it is essential to design the structure of cageless rolling bearings and study their performance.

Objective:
By analyzing and summarizing the research on cageless rolling bearings in recent
years, the current problems and the future development of cageless rolling bearings are analyzed
to provide a reference for researchers in the related fields.

Method:
This paper reviews representative patents related to cageless rolling bearings, discusses
the structure and performance of various cageless rolling bearings, and analyzes their advantages
and disadvantages, mainly including full complement cageless bearings, isolation element bearings,
and special cageless bearings. Each type of bearing is analyzed through ball bearings and
roller bearings.

Results:
Through the analysis of the related patents on cageless rolling bearings, it is found that
the main problems affecting the development of cageless rolling bearings are the irregular collision
of rolling elements with each other, the friction between rolling elements and the adjacent elements,
and the difficulty in machining the particular shape isolation and raceway. Future research
focuses on how to improve the service performance of cageless rolling bearings comprehensively
so that they can work under high speed and heavy load.

Conclusion:
Cageless rolling bearings simplify the bearing structure to increase the number of
rolling elements. Therefore, the capacity of the rolling bearing is improved. The internal bearing
friction can be reduced through structural innovation design. Cageless rolling bearings have broad
development prospects
Parental Perspectives on Childhood Fever and Antipyretics: A Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs in Bekaa Valley
Authors: Tohme Fardous , Nasser Sahar , Assi Mohammad , Wattar Jana , Dabbous Mariam , Kenaan Seham , Hamad Faten , Sakr Fouad 
Published: December 2024

Background
Fever in children is one of the most common reasons for seeking pediatric medical care. Many parents believe that elevation in body temperature is an immune response to illness, while others perceive it as a disease requiring immediate attention. The use of drugs (antipyretics and antibiotics) often presents a significant challenge for parents when assessing the condition of their child. Most of the parents, regardless of their education level, medical background, or previous experience in treating a child with fever, feel very intimidated by underdiagnosed or untreated fever.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess parental knowledge and attitude towards fever in children aged 3-5 years and their practice during assessment and treatment.

Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among Bekaa elementary schools. This study targeted parents through a questionnaire sent to them at home. They were asked to fill out the questionnaire, which included participants’ demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding fever and drugs. The practice score was calculated using 13 different variables to evaluate the knowledge.

Results
Out of 1300 parents, a total of 808 parents participated in this study; 42.7% of them recognized fever as a body temperature above 38.5ºC, and 28% believed that fever reflects a healthy immune response. Moreover, 65.5% of parents were found to give their children antipyretics when body temperature was below the defined threshold. The calculated median knowledge score was 8. According to bivariate analysis, parents with higher education levels or with medical specialties demonstrated no difference in treating fever from non-educated parents or parents who did not belong to the medical field (P-value: 0.268 and 1, respectively), whereas the age of parents positively affected the knowledge.

Conclusion
In this study, parental knowledge regarding fever was generally acceptable, but it failed to evaluate the impact of knowledge on attitudes and practices. Still, parental awareness regarding fever assessment and management must be carefully addressed by primary caregivers and community pharmacists.
Transforming Wound Management: Advancement in Nanomaterials-based Therapeutics
Authors: Goyal Kanika , Ahalwat Shaveta , Jogpal Vikas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
The landscape of wound management has undergone a revolutionary transformation
with the integration of nanomaterials-based therapeutics. This abstract explores the profound impact
of nanotechnology on wound care, highlighting the unique properties of nanomaterials and
their role in advancing therapeutic interventions. Nanomaterials, characterized by their dimensions
at the nanoscale, have emerged as versatile tools in wound management. The review focuses
on various types of nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanofibers, and nanocomposites,
which offer tailored solutions for optimizing wound healing processes to facilitate controlled drug
delivery, developing a novel approach on account of achieving controlled transport of bioactive
agents, such as growth factors, antimicrobial compounds, and anti-inflammatory drugs. This precision
in drug delivery enhances therapeutic efficacy, promoting optimal wound healing outcomes.
One of the pivotal contributions of nanomaterials to wound management is their engineered antimicrobial
properties. Nanoparticles also exhibit effective antibacterial characteristics, addressing
concerns related to wound infections. Nanomaterials integrated into dressings and scaffolds enhance
mechanical strength and provide a conducive environment for cellular processes, fostering
tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix synthesis. Nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant functionalities create a balanced microenvironment, reduce chronic inflammation,
and promote a pro-regenerative milieu. In conclusion, integrating nanomaterials into
wound management strategies represents a paradigm shift in therapeutic approaches.
Neutrophil-lymphocyte, Lymphocyte-monocyte, and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratios: Non-invasive Biomarkers for Assessing Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity
Authors: Patel Dhruvkumar M. , Patel Dhara K. , Patel Maitri M. , Patel Lalitkumar B. , Shaikh Ronak T. , Shaikh Neha T. , Patel Mukundkumar V. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) necessitate cost-effective biomarkers
for efficient management. This study aimed to explore the potential correlations of neutrophil-to--
lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
(PLR) with IBD disease activity. Additionally, we assessed their associations with other inflammatory
markers.

Methods:
We recruited 180 IBD patients with over 12 months of disease duration, categorized into
two groups: Group 1 (active IBD) with 113 cases and Group 2 (inactive IBD) with 67 cases,
alongside 200 group-matched healthy controls (Group 3). Hemogram, NLR, LMR, PLR, hs-CRP,
ESR, fecal calprotectin (FC), and relevant parameters were recorded.

Results:
NLR and PLR were elevated, while LMR was decreased in active IBD patients compared
to those in remission. The cutoff values for active IBD were determined as NLR > 1.98, LMR <
3.01, and PLR > 147, exhibiting sensitivity of 92%, 88%, and 91%, and specificity of 93%, 87%,
and 89% respectively. Optimal cutoff values for IBD disease activity were CRP > 9.71, ESR > 24,
and FC > 176. Multivariate logistic regression identified NLR, LMR, and PLR as robust parameters
for discriminating IBD disease activity after adjusting for WBC, CRP, ESR, and FC markers
(p < 0.05). NLR and PLR exhibited proportional increases with IBD severity, while LMR lacked
such predictive capability.

Conclusions:
NLR, PLR, and LMR emerge as simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective independent
markers of IBD disease activity, complementing traditional markers like CRP and ESR.
Al-Mashlahah and Reinterpretation of Islamic Law in Contemporary Context
Authors: Zuhdi Muhammad Harfin , Abdun Nasir Mohamad 
Published: December 2024

Substantially, all Islamic law comes with a mission of benefiting humans, as the theory of al-mashlahah suggests. This article elaborates extensively on the theory of al-mashlahah in the discourse of Islamic legal thought from classical to contemporary times, starting from al-Ghazâli's theory of al-mashlahah in his book al-Mustashfa to `Izz al-Dîn ibn 'Abd al-Salâm’s concept of jalb al-manafi wa daf’u al-mafasid (taking benefit, refuting harm) and al-Shatibi with a comprehensive integralistic approach in his work al-Muwafaqat. Contemporary Muslim intellectuals, such as Ibn Asyur, Abdul Majid Al-Najjar, Jamaluddin 'Athiyah and Jasser Auda further develop this theory. This article finds that there is a continuous dynamic of Islamic legal methods related to the theory of al-mashlahah, which is used as an argument in the contemporary era, transforming into maqashid al-shariah. The reform in Islamic law mostly makes use of the maqashid as the basic paradigm, which covers not only individual but also social, communal and universal social benefits. In this context, Al-Najar, 'Athiyyah, and Jasser Auda offer new scope and dimensions of maqasid al-shari'ah theory to answer the problems of contemporary Islamic law.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Number of Families at Risk of Stunting in Merangin Regency Using Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression
Authors: Fadlan Rafly Muhammad , Zilrahmi  , Dony Permana  , Dina Fitria  
Published: December 2024

Jumlah keluarga berisiko mengalami stunting menjadi salah satu perhatian penting yang berdampak negatif terhadap pembangunan sumber daya manusia yang unggul di Kabupaten Merangin. Jumlah keluarga berisiko stunting diupayakan untuk diatasi dengan mengidentifikasi komponen-komponen yang berkontribusi. MGWR merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan model spesifik yang mempengaruhi setiap lokasi secara lokal dan model yang bersifat global. Regresi linier berganda dan GWR digunakan untuk membuat model MGWR digunakan ketika data memiliki pengaruh heterogenitas spasial. Proyek ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model MGWR yang akan digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah keluargaberisiko stunting di setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Merangin yang berisiko stunting pada tahun 2022. Matriks pembobot kernel fixed gaussian digunakan dalam pemodelan MGWR. Pada CV minimal 0,6152241, fixed gaussian kernel digunakan sebagai fungsi pembobot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang diperoleh memiliki tingkat akurasi sebesar 99,18%, yang berarti variabel prediktor dapat menjelaskan model sebesar persentase tersebut. Keluarga dengan akses air minum yang tidak memadai merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah keluarga yang berisiko stunting, keluarga dengan sanitasi yang kurang memadai, usia ibu kurang dari 20 tahun dan keluarga yang memiliki balita.
The ‘breakthrough generation’ as the bearer of the idea of a European federation
Authors: Svoboda Jan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The term ‘breakthrough generation’ was coined by the German philosopher Hugo Fischer (1897–1975) in 1930, at the very beginning of the Great Depression. This structural notion represents a timeless, emancipation oriented ideal that effectively integrates the relevant positive qualities and abilities of modern and critically thinking man, which he has potentially picked up in the course of his historical development towards a higher humanity as a European and realist, and which he actually possesses as qualities and norms. This complex ethos is intended to form the initial basis on which the modern idea of a European federation is consciously realised. The purpose of this paper is not only to creatively point to these concrete and supporting motivational starting points and qualitative-historical assumptions of the modern European and to place them in a functional framework of intelligibility, but also to recall the important historical-philosophical fact that Fischer’s specifically grasped and developed idea of the formation of post-war Europe is very closely linked to the thinking of T. G. Masaryk, whom Fischer admired and respected as a philosopher and statesman and whose democratizing idea of a ‘new’ Central European space fundamentally inspired him in many ways.
Transformations and controversies in ethical and moral thinking in Slovak philosophical thought in the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Foltin Martin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to examine ethical and moral philosophical thinking in Slovakia in the 1950s and 1960s, with particular emphasis on the content of the journal Filozofia published by the Slovak Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA). This study analyses how political and social transformations, especially after February 1948, influenced philosophical discourse, paying particular attention to the development and reformulation of ethical and moral concepts. The main hypothesis of the paper is that, despite the dominant influence of Marxist-Leninist philosophy in the period under study, efforts to criticize and reinterpret this ideology gradually emerged in the 1960s, while alternative approaches began to take shape. The first part of the study focuses on an analysis of the journal Filozofia from its beginnings in 1946 to the end of the 1950s. The second part examines how the authors gradually revised the dogmatic principles of Marxist-Leninist philosophy, criticized Stalinist distortions, and opened the way for new ethical and moral approaches. The controversies that arose in this context reflect an effort to overcome ideological limitations and find new ways of philosophical thinking in a period of fundamental socio-political change.