bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal postpartum plasma folate status and preterm birth in a high-risk US population
Authors: Olapeju Bolanle , Saifuddin Ahmed , Wang Guoying , Ji Yuelong , Hong Xiumei , Raghavan Ramkripa , Summers Amber , Keiser Amaris , Ji Hongkai , Zuckerman Barry , Yarrington Christina , Hao Lingxin , Surkan Pamela J , Cheng Tina L , Wang Xiaobin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveWhile maternal folate deficiency has been linked to poor pregnancy outcomes such as neural tube defects, anaemia and low birth weight, the relationship between folate and preterm birth (PTB) in the context of the US post-folic acid fortification era is inconclusive. We sought to explore the relationship between maternal folate status and PTB and its subtypes, i.e. spontaneous and medically indicated PTB.DesignObservational study.SettingBoston Birth Cohort, a predominantly urban, low-income, race/ethnic minority population at a high risk for PTB.ParticipantsMother–infant dyads (n 7675) enrolled in the Boston Birth Cohort. A sub-sample (n 2313) of these dyads had maternal plasma folate samples collected 24–72 h after delivery.ResultsUnadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions revealed an inverse relationship between the frequency of multivitamin supplement intake and PTB. Compared with less frequent use, multivitamin supplement intake 3–5 times/week (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0·78; 95 % CI 0·64, 0·96) or &gt;5 times/week (aOR = 0·77; 95 % CI 0·64, 0·93) throughout pregnancy was associated with reduced risk of PTB. Consistently, higher plasma folate levels (highest v. lowest quartile) were associated with lower risk of PTB (aOR = 0·74; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·97). The above associations were similar among spontaneous and medically indicated PTB.ConclusionsIf confirmed by future studies, our findings raise the possibility that optimizing maternal folate levels across pregnancy may help to reduce the risk of PTB among the most vulnerable US population in the post-folic acid fortification era.
Recombinant inbred lines derived from cultivars of pea for understanding the genetic basis of variation in breeders' traits
Authors: Moreau Carol , Knox Maggie , Turner Lynda , Rayner Tracey , Thomas Jane , Philpott Haidee , Belcher Steve , Fox Keith , Ellis Noel , Domoney Claire 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn order to gain an understanding of the genetic basis of traits of interest to breeders, the pea varieties Brutus, Enigma and Kahuna were selected, based on measures of their phenotypic and genotypic differences, for the construction of recombinant inbred populations. Reciprocal crosses were carried out for each of the three pairs, and over 200 F2 seeds from each cross advanced to F13. Bulked F7 seeds were used to generate F8–F11 bulks, which were grown in triplicated plots within randomized field trials and used to collect phenotypic data, including seed weight and yield traits, over a number of growing seasons. Genetic maps were constructed from the F6 generation to support the analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits and have led to the identification of four major genetic loci involved in seed weight determination and at least one major locus responsible for variation in yield. Three of the seed weight loci, at least one of which has not been described previously, were associated with the marrowfat seed phenotype. For some of the loci identified, candidate genes have been identified. The F13 single seed descent lines are available as a germplasm resource for the legume and pulse crop communities.
Die Rolle von Partnerschaft, Erziehung und Elternstress beim Problemverhalten von Kindern im Vorschulalter
Authors: Feldkötter Anna-Leena , Thomsen Tamara , Lessing Nora 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung. Das Elternhaus bildet für Kinder, insbesondere in jüngeren Lebensjahren, den zentralen Lebensraum. Dabei sind Eltern die ersten und engsten Bezugspersonen und tragen für die Entwicklung und Entfaltung der Kinder Verantwortung. Die vorliegende Fragebogenstudie untersucht bei N = 81 Elternteilen und ihren Kindern im Alter von 3 bis 6 Jahren (M = 5.22 J., SD = 0.86) den Zusammenhang von Partnerschaftszufriedenheit, positiven sowie negativen Erziehungsverhaltensweisen und Elternstress auf das kindliche Problemverhalten. Multiple Regressionsanalysen zeigen, dass der negative Zusammenhang zwischen der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit und dem kindlichen Problemverhalten vollständig über das negative Erziehungsverhalten bzw. den Elternstress vermittelt wird. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen somit die Spillover-Hypothese und nicht die Kompensationshypothese. Insgesamt legen die Befunde zudem den Schluss nahe, dass negatives Erziehungsverhalten mehr negative Verhaltensweisen der Kinder begünstigt, als positives Erziehungsverhalten dieses vermeidet.
Characteristic Earthquake Magnitude Frequency Distributions on Faults Calculated From Consensus Data in California
Authors: Parsons Tom , Geist Eric L. , Console Rodolfo , Carluccio Roberto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn estimate of the expected earthquake rate at all possible magnitudes is needed for seismic hazard forecasts. Regional earthquake magnitude frequency distributions obey a negative exponential law (Gutenberg‐Richter), but it is unclear if individual faults do. We add three new methods to calculate long‐term California earthquake rupture rates to the existing Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast version 3 efforts to assess method and parameter dependence on magnitude frequency results for individual faults. All solutions show strongly characteristic magnitude‐frequency distributions on the San Andreas and other faults, with higher rates of large earthquakes than would be expected from a Gutenberg‐Richter distribution. This is a necessary outcome that results from fitting high fault slip rates under the overall statewide earthquake rate budget. We find that input data choices can affect the nucleation magnitude‐frequency distribution shape for the San Andreas Fault; solutions are closer to a Gutenberg‐Richter distribution if the maximum magnitude allowed for earthquakes that occur away from mapped faults (background events) is raised above the consensus threshold ofM = 7.6, if the moment rate for background events is reduced, or if the overall maximum magnitude is reduced fromM = 8.5. We also find that participation magnitude‐frequency distribution shapes can be strongly affected by slip rate discontinuities along faults that may be artifacts related to segment boundaries.
Evaluation of Gridded Precipitation Data and Interpolation Methods for Forest Fire Danger Rating in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Cai Xinli , Wang Xianli , Jain Piyush , Flannigan Mike D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System is the primary measurement of wildfire danger in Canada. Interpolating daily precipitation, one of the inputs for the Fire Weather Index System is a key challenge in areas without sufficient weather stations. This work evaluates the performance of gridded precipitation from the Canadian Precipitation Analysis (CaPA) System and six interpolation methods to achieve the best fire danger rating in Alberta, Canada. Results show that the CaPA System has only average performance due to limited radar coverage (10%) in the forested region; however, using the CaPA System as a covariate with regression kriging generates significantly better precipitation estimates. Ordinary kriging, regression kriging with elevation as a covariate, and the thin‐plate smoothed spline are methods with similar performance. Fuel moisture codes of the Fire Weather Index System respond differently to precipitation amounts due to differences in their time constants for drying. Fine fuels with a short drying time (Fine Fuel Moisture Code) are best estimated by the CaPA System because of its enhanced skill in estimating small precipitation events. Compacted organic fuels with longer drying times (Duff Moisture Code and Drought Code) are best estimated by regression kriging with CaPA because it better predicts significant precipitation events. The dense fire weather station network in our study area (~3.0 stations/10,000 km2) allows us to perform a sensitivity analysis, and we find that a threshold of >0.5 stations/10,000 km2is needed for regression kriging with CaPA to become appreciably better than the CaPA System.
NSD2 is a conserved driver of metastatic prostate cancer progression
Authors: Aytes Alvaro , Giacobbe Arianna , Mitrofanova Antonina , Ruggero Katia , Cyrta Joanna , Arriaga Juan , Palomero Luis , Farran-Matas Sonia , Rubin Mark A. , Shen Michael M. , Califano Andrea , Abate-Shen Cory 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDeciphering cell-intrinsic mechanisms of metastasis progression in vivo is essential to identify novel therapeutic approaches. Here we elucidate cell-intrinsic drivers of metastatic prostate cancer progression through analyses of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) and correlative studies of human prostate cancer. Expression profiling of lineage-marked cells from mouse primary tumors and metastases defines a signature of de novo metastatic progression. Cross-species master regulator analyses comparing this mouse signature with a comparable human signature identifies conserved drivers of metastatic progression with demonstrable clinical and functional relevance. In particular, nuclear receptor binding SET Domain Protein 2 (NSD2) is robustly expressed in lethal prostate cancer in humans, while its silencing inhibits metastasis of mouse allografts in vivo. We propose that cross-species analysis can elucidate mechanisms of metastasis progression, thus providing potential additional therapeutic opportunities for treatment of lethal prostate cancer.
Trisomy silencing by XIST normalizes Down syndrome cell pathogenesis demonstrated for hematopoietic defects in vitro
Authors: Chiang Jen-Chieh , Jiang Jun , Newburger Peter E. , Lawrence Jeanne B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that an integrated XIST transgene can broadly repress one chromosome 21 in Down syndrome (DS) pluripotent cells. Here we address whether trisomy-silencing can normalize cell function and development sufficiently to correct cell pathogenesis, tested in an in vitro model of human fetal hematopoiesis, for which DS cellular phenotypes are best known. XIST induction in four transgenic clones reproducibly corrected over-production of megakaryocytes and erythrocytes, key to DS myeloproliferative disorder and leukemia. A contrasting increase in neural stem and iPS cells shows cell-type specificity, supporting this approach successfully rebalances the hematopoietic developmental program. Given this, we next used this system to extend knowledge of hematopoietic pathogenesis on multiple points. Results demonstrate trisomy 21 expression promotes over-production of CD43+ but not earlier CD34+/CD43−progenitors and indicates this is associated with increased IGF signaling. This study demonstrates proof-of-principle for this epigenetic-based strategy to investigate, and potentially mitigate, DS developmental pathologies.
Macrophage cells secrete factors including LRP1 that orchestrate the rejuvenation of bone repair in mice
Authors: Vi Linda , Baht Gurpreet S. , Soderblom Erik J. , Whetstone Heather , Wei Qingxia , Furman Bridgette , Puviindran Vijitha , Nadesan Puviindran , Foster Matthew , Poon Raymond , White James P. , Yahara Yasuhito , Ng Adeline , Barrientos Tomasa , Grynpas Marc , Mosely M. Arthur , Alman Benjamin A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe pace of repair declines with age and, while exposure to a young circulation can rejuvenate fracture repair, the cell types and factors responsible for rejuvenation are unknown. Here we report that young macrophage cells produce factors that promote osteoblast differentiation of old bone marrow stromal cells. Heterochronic parabiosis exploiting young mice in which macrophages can be depleted and fractionated bone marrow transplantation experiments show that young macrophages rejuvenate fracture repair, and old macrophage cells slow healing in young mice. Proteomic analysis of the secretomes identify differential proteins secreted between old and young macrophages, such as low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (Lrp1). Lrp1 is produced by young cells, and depleting Lrp1 abrogates the ability to rejuvenate fracture repair, while treating old mice with recombinant Lrp1 improves fracture healing. Macrophages and proteins they secrete orchestrate the fracture repair process, and young cells produce proteins that rejuvenate fracture repair in mice.
Effective nose-to-brain delivery of exendin-4 via coadministration with cell-penetrating peptides for improving progressive cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Kamei Noriyasu , Okada Nobuyuki , Ikeda Takamasa , Choi Hayoung , Fujiwara Yui , Okumura Haruka , Takeda-Morishita Mariko 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn a recent study, we demonstrated the potential of a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) penetratin to deliver the peptide drug insulin to the brain via nasal administration, and its pharmacological effect on the mild cognitive dysfunction in senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP8). However, the therapeutic potential of intranasal insulin administration was attenuated when applied to the aged SAMP8 with severe cognitive dysfunction. The present study, therefore, aimed to overcome the difficulty in treating severe cognitive dysfunction using insulin by investigating potential alternatives, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists such as exendin-4. Examination using normal ddY mice demonstrated that the distribution of exendin-4 throughout the brain was dramatically increased by intranasal coadministration with the L-form of penetratin. The activation of hippocampal insulin signaling after the simultaneous nose-to-brain delivery of exendin-4 and an adequate level of insulin were confirmed by analyzing the phosphorylation of Akt. Furthermore, spatial learning ability, evaluated in the Morris water maze test after daily administration of exendin-4 with L-penetratin and supplemental insulin for 4 weeks, suggested therapeutic efficacy against severe cognitive dysfunction. The present study suggests that nose-to-brain delivery of exendin-4 with supplemental insulin, mediated by CPP coadministration, shows promise for the treatment of progressive cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8.
E-Mental-Health
Authors: Senger Katharina 
Published: November 2018

Technologischer FortschrittRapide technologische Fortschritte, gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen hin zu einer
„vernetzen Welt“, aus der Smartphones und ein unbegrenzter Internetzugang nicht mehr
weg zu denken sind sowie die hohe Nachfrage nach psychosozialer Unterstützung bei
gleichzeitig nicht ausreichendem Versorgungsangebot, sind Gründe für die Nutzung
neuer Technologien in der psychosozialen Versorgung. E-Mental-Health, d. h.
Internetgestützte Interventionen, stellen hierbei eine orts- und zeitunabhängige
Alternative dar.
Antihormonelle Therapie des Prostatakarzinoms − Behandlungsindikation und kardiovaskuläres Risikoprofil − Vorteil für GnRH-Antagonisten?
Authors: Höfner Thomas 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Prostatakarzinom ist die häufigste urologische Tumorerkrankung des Mannes. Im lokalisierten Tumorstadium in Kombination mit der Strahlentherapie und insbesondere im fortgeschrittenen metastasierten Tumorstadium stellt die klassische antihormonelle Therapie ein wesentliches Therapieverfahren dar. Seit ca. 10 Jahren nimmt unser Wissen um das kardiovaskuläre Risiko dieser Therapie ständig zu. Die hier vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit stellt die wesentlichen Arbeiten zum kardiovaskulären Risiko der antihormonellen Therapie vor und beschreibt im Besonderen die aktuellen Daten zum kardiovaskulären Risiko beim Einsatz der GnRH-Antagonisten. Die multizentrische prospektive PRONOUNCE-Studie soll die Frage nach einem tatsächlichen Vorteil der GnRH-Antagonisten-Therapie im Vergleich zur klassischen LHRH-Analoga-Therapie im Hinblick auf kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse detaillierter beantworten. Der Artikel stellt weiterhin das Problem der heutigen antihormonellen Übertherapie trotz fehlender wissenschaftlicher Evidenz heraus und weist auf eine verbesserte Patientenselektion für den Einsatz der antihormonellen Therapie hin.
Preoperative CHA2DS2-VASc Score Predicts Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Lobectomy
Authors: Lee Charles , Strauss David , Stone Lauren , Stoltzfus Jill , Puc Matthew , Burfeind William 
Published: November 2018

Background Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) affects 10 to 20% of noncardiac thoracic surgeries and increases patient morbidity and costs. The purpose of this study is to determine if preoperative CHA2DS2-VASc score can predict POAF after pulmonary lobectomy for nonsmall cell lung cancer.
Methods Patients with complete CHA2DS2-VASc data who underwent lobectomies from January 2007 to January 2016 at a single institution were analyzed in a retrospective case–control study using a prospective database. An independent samples t-test was used to compare the mean CHA2DS2-VASc scores of POAF and non-POAF groups. A multivariable logistic regression analysis (MVA) evaluated the independent contribution of variables of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting POAF. Chi-square test with univariate odds ratios (ORs) was used to determine a statistically significant cutoff score for predicting POAF.
Results Of 525 total patients, 82 (15.6%) developed POAF (mean CHA2DS2-VASc score: 2.7) and 443 (84.4%) did not develop POAF (mean score: 2.3). Mean difference between these groups was significant at 0.43 (p = 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09–0.76). In the MVA, significant predictors of POAF were age 65 to 74 years (adjusted OR [aOR] = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.31–4.70; p = 0.006) and age ≥75 years (aOR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.62–5.95; p = 0.0006). Patients with CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥5 had significantly increased OR for POAF (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.22–5.50).
Conclusions Preoperatively calculated CHA2DS2-VASc score can predict POAF in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy. Age is the most statistically significant independent predictor, and patients with scores ≥5 have significantly increased risk. Trials for POAF prophylaxis should target this population.
Hypophosphatasie
Authors: Roth A. , Seefried L. , Hennings R. 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Hypophosphatasie (HPP) ist eine seltene, vererbbare Erkrankung mit Beteiligung des Knochen- und Mineralstoffwechsels. Verursachende Mutationen des ALPL-Gens (OMIM 171760) führen zu einer gestörten Aktivität der gewebeunspezifischen alkalischen Phosphatase (TNAP), welche eine entscheidende Funktion in der Skelettmineralisation hat. Die im Serum gemessene alkalische Phsophatase (AP) setzt sich zu 90 % aus der TNAP zusammen und stellt den laborchemischen Leitparameter dar. Erhöhte Serumkonzentrationen der Substrate der TNAP, insbesondere Phyridoxal- 5`-Phosphat (PLP) unterstützen die Diagnostik. Die Diagnosesicherung kann mittels molekulargenetischer Analyse des ALPL-Gens erfolgen. Anhand des Manifestationsalters werden mehrere Formen (perinatale, infantile, kindliche und adulte odonto-HPP) unterschieden. Eine Unterscheidung der Formen ist oft nicht sicher möglich. Neben dem Skelettapparat können zahlreiche Organsysteme (ZNS, Lunge, Gastrointestinaltrakt, Nieren) betroffen sein, sodass die HPP als metabolische Multisystemerkrankung gewertet werden sollte. Schwere kindliche Formen sind mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden. Eine kurative Therapie steht aktuell nicht zur Verfügung. Bei allen Manifestationsformen zielen die therapeutischen Maßnahmen auf eine Verbesserung der krankheitsassoziierten Symptome und Vermeidung von Komplikationen. Seit 2015 steht mit dem rekombinanten Enzym Asfotase alfa (Strensiq®) ein Präparat zur Enzymersatztherapie für HPP-Formen mit nachgewiesener Erstmanifestation im Kindesalter zur Therapie der Skelettmanifestation zur Verfügung.
Symptoms Matter: A Symptomatic but Radiographically Elusive Ascending Aortic Dissection
Authors: Papanikolaou Dimitra , Zafar Mohammad , Tanweer Maryam , Imran Mahnoor , Abdelbaky Mohamed , Ziganshin Bulat , Elefteriades John 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSymptoms attributable to a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) are a separate indication for prophylactic repair, irrespective of aortic size. We present the case of a 56-year-old female with a history of a thoracic ascending aortic aneurysm (TAAA) and four other heart and arch vessel abnormalities who presented to us with chest pain radiating to her back. Computed Tomography and echocardiography showed no evidence of a dissection and revealed a maximal ascending aortic diameter of 4.2 cm. The patient subsequently underwent root-sparing ascending aortic and hemiarch replacement due to her threatening symptomatology. A focal dissection was discovered intraoperatively, resembling a similar case previously reported by our team.
Towards a constructional analysis of the progressive aspect in Texas German
Authors: Blevins Margaret 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper provides a constructional analysis of progressive aspect in Texas German (TxG) in present, indicative, active, non-negative sentences. TxG speakers used the present tense (progressive), am-progressive, tun-progressive, and the adverb jetzt to translate English sentences containing the present tense progressive be + -ing into TxG. This paper compares translation elicitation data from TxG speakers from Gillespie County from Gilbert’s (1972)

Linguistic Atlas of Texas German, Guion (1996), and the present-day Texas German Dialect Project. It demonstrates that there is still a range of constructions available to TxGs to express progressivity, with the present tense being the most commonly used construction, followed by the temporal adverb jetzt (38%), the am-progressive (7%), and the tun-progressive (4%).
Texas German and English word order constructions in contact
Authors: Dux Ryan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
After reviewing previous accounts of Texas German (TxG) syntax, I define the basic word order constructions of English and German and identify which are identical across the languages (i.e. diaconstructions). Next, I analyze 300 TxG utterances and determine whether their syntax corresponds more closely to German, English, or German-English diaconstructions. Finally, I discuss sentences exhibiting unusual word order and how they demonstrate the need for a (Diasystematic) Construction Grammar approach.
AKT phosphorylation sites of Ser473 and Thr308 regulate AKT degradation
Authors: Wei Yingze , Zhou Jianyun , Yu Haiyan , Jin Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Protein kinase B (AKT) is a serine-threonine kinase that mediates diverse cellular processes in a variety of human diseases. Phosphorylation is always the best studied posttranslational modification of AKT and a connection between phosphorylation and ubiquitination has been explored recently. Ubiquitination of AKT is an important step for its phosphorylation and activation, while whether phosphorylated AKT regulated its ubiquitination status is still unknow. In the present study, we mimic dephosphorylation of AKT by using mutagenesis techniques at both Thr308 and Ser473 into Alanine (AKT-2A). After losing phosphorylation activity, AKT enhances its degradation and prevents itself release from the plasma membrane after insulin stimulation. Fourthermore, AKT-2A is found to be degraded through ubiquitin- proteasome pathway which declared that un-phosphorylation of AKT at both Ser473 and Thr308 sites increases its ubiquitination level. In conclusion, AKT phosphorylated at Ser473 and Thr308 sites have a significant effect on its ubiquitination status.
Abbreviations: AKT: Protein kinase B; Ser: serine; Thr: threonine; IF: immunofluorescence; Epo: Epoxomicin; Baf: Bafilomycin; PBS: phosphate buffer solution