bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences of Medical Care for Acute Severe Viral Bronchiolitis in Two Urban Areas in Europe
Authors: Dohna-Schwake Christian , Mücher Katrin , Stehling Florian , Rothoeft Tobias , Roll Claudia , Brevis Nuńez Francisco , Seiffert Peter , Heister Peter , Hofmann Michael , Stein Anja , Jacobs Arnd , Zuzak Tycho , Durand Philippe , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Tissières Pierre 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Acute viral bronchiolitis is a frequent disease in infancy. There is little knowledge on medical care of severely affected infants in different European countries.
Patients: Infants (n=146) with bronchiolitis requiring respiratory support in winter season 2015/2016 treated in either one of two regions in Central Europe: South of greater Paris region in France (group 1) and Ruhr area in Germany (group 2).
Methods Retrospective chart review. Primary outcome parameter was duration of respiratory support.
Results Infants in group 1 (n=96) were younger, suffered less frequently from neurologic disorders and had lower respiratory rates than in group 2 (n=50). CO2 levels and dyspnea score were similar. Ninety percent of infants in group 1 were treated by nasal Continuous Airway Pressure CPAP, while 80% of infants in group 2 were treated by High Flow Nasal Cannula HFNC. Duration of respiratory support was significantly shorter in group 1. Infants in group 2 received more frequently infusion therapy, more antibiotics and more inhalation therapy.
Discussion Our results show better outcome for infants with viral bronchiolitis treated in France. Striking differences were the practice of respiratory support (nasal CPAP vs. HFNC) and the prescription of supportive treatments.
Conclusion Treatment approaches in severe acute viral bronchiolitis differ widely between a French and a German urban region.
Dreifachfixkombinationen (LAMA/LABA/ICS) zur inhalativen Dauertherapie der schwergradigen COPD
Authors: Gillissen A. , Paparoupa M. , Frings D. , Atique B. , Koczulla R. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungCOPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) ist durch eine persistierende Atemwegsobstruktion charakterisiert, die durch eine meist jahrzehntelange Exposition gegenüber inhalativen Noxen wie Zigarettenrauch, Stäuben oder Gasen hervorgerufen wird. Langwirksame Beta-2-Mimetika und langwirksame Anticholinergika (LABA/LAMA), getrennt oder in einem Inhalationsdevice, sind gegenwärtig die wichtigste Grundlage in der COPD-Therapie. LABA/ICS- (inhalatives Kortikosteroid) Kombinationen haben ihren Stellenwert im Rahmen der Eskalation v. a. bei Patienten mit ≥ 2 Exazerbationen/Jahr. Neuere Studien zu Dreifachfixkombinationen, die entweder Fluticason/Vilanterol/Umeclidinium oder Beclometason/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium enthalten, haben unser Wissen zur ICS-basierten Therapie der COPD erweitert. Die inhalativen Triple-Therapien reduzierten im Vergleich zu LABA/ICS, zur LAMA-Monotherapie und zur LABA/LAMA-Kombination signifikant sowohl die Exazerbationsrate, als auch die Dyspnoe und verbesserten die Lungenfunktion (FEV1) sowie die Lebensqualität. Ende 2017 wurde eine Kombination aus Beclometason/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium und Anfang 2018 eine Kombination aus Fluticasonfuroat/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol als fixe Triple-Präparate für die inhalative COPD-Therapie zugelassen. Die Domäne für die LABA/LAMA/ICS-Kombinationen ist die schwere COPD der Gruppen C + D.
Application of Two Neutral Mspl DNA Polymorphisms in the Analysis of Hereditary Protein C Deficiency
Authors: Reitsma P H , te Lintel Hekkert W , Koenhen E , van der Velden P A , Allaart C F , Deutz-Terlouw P P , Poort S R , Bertina R M 
Published: August 2018

SummaryScreening of restriction erzyme digested DNA from normal and protein C deficient individuals with a variety of probes derived from the protein C locus has revealed the existence of two neutral MspI polymorphism. One polymorphism (MI), which is located ≈7 kb upstream of the protein C gene, has allelic frequencies of 69 and 31%, and was used to exclude extensive gene deletions as a likely cause of type I protein C deficiency in 50% of cases in a panel of 22 families. Furtherrnore, the same polymorphism has been used in 5 doubly affected individuals establishing compound heterozygosity in 3 of these.The second, intragenic, polymorphism (MII) has allelic frequencies of 99 and 1% in the normal population. The frequency of the rare allele of this RFLP was with 7% much higher in a panel of 22 Dutch families with protein C deficiency. Interestingly, in all three probands that were heterozygous for MII the rare allele
of MII coincided with a point mutation that leads to a stop codon in amino acid position 306 of the protein C coding sequence. This mutation may account for 14% of the protein C deficient individuals in The Netherlands.
Fibrinolysis in the Domestic Chicken (Gallus domesticus)
Authors: Allen B. V 
Published: August 2018

Summary1. Spontaneous fibrinolysis has been demonstrated in the domestic chicken.2. Lysis is dependent on optimum conditions both in the euglobulin lysis time and fibrin plate techniques. High ionic strength buffers increase the lysis time as does a low molarity of CaCl2. A combination of the two greatly reduces the sensitivity of the tests. Absence of Ca++ from the standard fibrin plate prevented lysis from taking place.3. The euglobulin precipitate of chickens contains almost all of the plasma fibrinogen. This would suggest that euglobulin lysis times are influenced by plasma concentrations of fibrinogen.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation and Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complexes
Authors: Lipiński B , Worowski K , Myśliwiec M , Farbiszewski R 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIt is shown in the present work that highly significant correlation (r = 0.836) exists between the level of SFMC and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood of 56 patients. No correlation of ESR with fibrinogen content was observed in 1 patient during the post-operative period, as well as in the group of experimentally infected rabbits. Administration of fibrinolysis inhibitors into rabbits (EACA, IP-315, HgCl2) caused in all cases a significant increase in ESR and in plasma SFMC with unrelated elevation of the fibrinogen level. Protamine sulphate added to whole blood with high ESR to final concentration 1 mg/ml of blood completely abolished the sedimentation of erythrocytes. A hypothesis is formulated according to which red cells interacting with SFMC increase their sedimentation rate.
An Evaluation of a Plasma Fractionation System
Authors: Shinowara George Y. , Ruth E. Mary 
Published: August 2018

SummaryFour primary fractions comprising at least 97 per cent of the plasma proteins have been critically appraised for evidence of denaturation arising from a low temperature—low ionic strength fractionation system. The results in addition to those referable to the recovery of mass and biological activity include the following: The high solubilities of these fractions at pH 7.3 and low ionic strengths; the compatibility of the electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal data of the individual fractions with those of the original plasma; and the recovery of hemoglobin, not hematin, in fraction III obtained from specimens contaminated with this pigment. However, the most significant evidence for minimum alterations of native proteins was that the S20, w and the electrophoretic mobility data on the physically recombined fractions were identical to those found on whole plasma.The fractionation procedure examined here quantitatively isolates fibrinogen, prothrombin and antithrombin in primary fractions. Results have been obtained demonstrating its significance in other biological systems. These include the following: The finding of 5 S20, w classes in the 4 primary fractions; the occurrence of more than 90 per cent of the plasma gamma globulins in fraction III; the 98 per cent pure albumin in fraction IV; and, finally, the high concentration of beta lipoproteins in fraction II.
Statistical Correlation of Liver Function Tests with Coagulation Factor Deficiencies in Laennec’s Cirrhosis
Authors: Kupfer H. G , Gee W , Ewald A Timothy , Turner Malcolm E. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryHemorrhage is one of the most serious complications of chronic liver disease. Deficiency of plasma coagulation factors, thrombocytopenia, and increased vascular fragility have been reported in many patients with Laennec’s cirrhosis. Factors V, VII, IX, X and prothrombin were deficient in a majority of the 25 patients included in this study.Six tests of liver function and seven of plasma coagulation factors were evaluated, using the method of statistical regression analysis. The intercorrelation of tests in each group was evaluated as well as the correlation between liver function tests and plasma coagulation factors. Fibrinogen deficiency was not felt to play a significant role in hemorrhagic diathesis in our cases.
Reconstruction of Radioscaphocapitate Ligament in Treatment of Ulnar Translation
Authors: Aita Marcio , Alves Rafael , Ibanez Daniel , Consoni Daniel , de Oliveira Ricardo , Ruggiero Gustavo 
Published: August 2018

Background This article measures the life quality, clinical, and functional outcomes of a patient who had undergone reconstruction of the radioscaphocapitate ligament (RSL), using brachioradialis tendon in the treatment of ulnar translation of the carpus.
Case Description We present a 36-year-old man with ulnar translation in his left, nondominant wrist, after fall accident. Reconstruction of the RSL was performed. One year later, the patient experienced good evaluation. Wrist flexion was 70 degrees, extension was 60 degrees, radial deviation was 20 degrees, and ulnar deviation was 30 degrees. Forearm pronation was 85 degrees and supination was 90 degrees and digit motion was full. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score of 5, Visual Analog Scale of 0, and grip strength of 82% were obtained compared with the unaffected side. Wrist radiographic aspects showed radiocarpal joint congruency. The period of fixator treatment was 8 weeks. Good stability and joint congruency of the radiocarpal joint were obtained. Good radiographic, clinical, and functional results were obtained improving the quality of life of the patient.
Literature Review The treatment of ulnar translation is difficult and complicated. There is no consensus to the overall management. As there is still a lack of long-term results, the indications for surgery, various surgical options, and the type of intervention have been a matter of controversy in the literature. Would radiocarpal joint be stable when reconstruction of the RSL using brachioradialis tendon was obtained? Is it possible to reduce an ulnar translation with this technique?
Clinical Relevance We would like to suggest that the radiocarpal ligament reconstruction will improve the outcome. We believe that this technique will make the wrist more stable and functional. We agree that the best time to perform the corrections is early. The authors prefer to first reconstruct the RSL and then the radiocarpal ligament suture or radioscapholunate arthrodesis.
Distinct roles of prefrontal and parietal areas in the encoding of attentional priority
Authors: Sapountzis Panagiotis , Paneri Sofia , Gregoriou Georgia G. 
Published: August 2018

Significance
During search, information about the similarity of stimuli to the searched-for target is thought to be encoded in spatial priority maps, which signal the behavioral relevance of stimuli across the visual field. The frontal eye field (FEF) and the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) have both been reported to hold priority maps, but it is unknown whether the two areas have identical or distinct roles in encoding attentional priority. Here, we show that whereas LIP responses reflect the similarity of stimuli to the target, FEF responses integrate perceptual relevance with oculomotor decisions. Moreover, although feature-based attention effects are stronger within FEF, they emerge at similar latencies in subpopulations of the two areas, implying parallel processing of priority information.
Anomalous Hall effect in Weyl semimetal half-Heusler compounds RPtBi (R = Gd and Nd)
Authors: Shekhar Chandra , Kumar Nitesh , Grinenko V. , Singh Sanjay , Sarkar R. , Luetkens H. , Wu Shu-Chun , Zhang Yang , Komarek Alexander C. , Kampert Erik , Skourski Yurii , Wosnitza Jochen , Schnelle Walter , McCollam Alix , Zeitler Uli , Kübler Jürgen , Yan Binghai , Klauss H.-H. , Parkin S. S. P. , Felser C. 
Published: August 2018

SignificanceGdPtBi and NdPtBi belong to the Heusler family of compounds and are conventional antiferromagnets below 9 and 2.1 K, respectively. We present evidence for magnetic-field–induced Weyl physics in these compounds, namely, a chiral anomaly (negative magnetoresistance) and an anomalous Hall effect (AHE) with a large anomalous Hall angle over a wide range of temperature. The AHE and chiral anomaly have a similar temperature dependence, indicating their common origin. These studies plus band structure calculations reveal that GdPtBi and NdPtBi develop Weyl points in the presence of an external magnetic field that arises from an exchange field. Our observations open the path to the realization of the quantum AHE in antiferromagnetic Heusler thin films.
QTY code enables design of detergent-free chemokine receptors that retain ligand-binding activities
Authors: Zhang Shuguang , Tao Fei , Qing Rui , Tang Hongzhi , Skuhersky Michael , Corin Karolina , Tegler Lotta , Wassie Asmamaw , Wassie Brook , Kwon Yongwon , Suter Bernhard , Entzian Clemens , Schubert Thomas , Yang Ge , Labahn Jörg , Kubicek Jan , Maertens Barbara 
Published: August 2018

Significance
The QTY (glutamine, threonine, and tyrosine) code-designed detergent-free chemokine receptors may be useful in many applications. The QTY variants may be useful not only as reagents in deorphanization studies but also for designing biologics to treat cancer and autoimmune or infectious diseases. The QTY code allows membrane proteins to be systematically designed through simple, specific amino acid substitutions. The QTY code is robust and straightforward: It is the simplest tool to carry out membrane protein design without sophisticated computer algorithms. Thus it can be used broadly. The QTY code has implications for designing additional G protein-coupled receptors and other membrane proteins or, potentially, for rendering water-insoluble and aggregated proteins soluble.
Propositionalism about intention: shifting the burden of proof
Authors: Campbell Lucy 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA widespread view in the philosophy of mind and action holds that intentions are propositional attitudes. Call this view ‘Propositionalism about Intention’. The key alternative holds that intentions have acts, or do-ables, as their contents. Propositionalism is typically accepted by default, rather than argued for in any detail. By appealing to a key metaphysical constraint on any account of intention, I argue that on the contrary, it is the Do-ables View which deserves the status of the default position, and Propositionalism which bears the burden of proof. I go on to show that this burden has not been met in the literature.
Research partnerships between Coca-Cola and health organizations in Spain
Authors: Rey-López Juan Pablo , Gonzalez Carlos A 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe reduction of soda intake in the population remains an important goal to improve population health. Concerns exist about how industry-sponsored studies in nutrition tend to favour the interest of the sponsor. We describe the scope of partnerships between Coca-Cola and health organizations in Spain, examining marketing strategies contained in scientific papers funded by Coca-Cola.MethodsFunding for health organizations in Spain during 2010–2016 was retrieved of the Coca-Cola transparency list. We systematically searched research projects and publications (by PubMed) of all the recipient organizations. In addition, we characterize the research agenda and the level of alignment of sponsored authors with marketing strategies used by Coca-Cola.ResultsA total of 74 health organizations received funding from Coca-Cola between 2010 and 2016. Nutritional and cardiology organizations received the highest financial support. A total of 20 articles derived of two research projects were identified. Most publications (14 out of 20) were aligned with marketing strategies used by Coca-Cola (e.g. focusing on physical inactivity as the main cause of obesity). Authors identified did not disclose having previous conflicts of interest.ConclusionIn Spain, numerous health organizations receive financial support from Coca-Cola. We provide evidence that research funded by this beverage company is serving its commercial objectives that, in many cases, are at odds with efforts to improve population health. Problems with transparency among authors and the recipient organizations imply that we are offering very conservative estimates about the impact of this company on public health.
ANALYTICAL MODEL TO ESTIMATE EQUIVALENT DOSE FROM INTERNAL NEUTRONS IN PROTON THERAPY OF CHILDREN WITH INTRACRANIAL TUMORS
Authors: Gallagher Kyle J , Taddei Phillip J 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study developed a computationally efficient and easy-to-implement analytical model to estimate the equivalent dose from secondary neutrons originating in the bodies (‘internal neutrons’) of children receiving intracranial proton radiotherapy. A two-term double-Gaussian mathematical model was fit to previously published internal neutron equivalent dose per therapeutic absorbed dose versus distance from the field edge calculated using Monte Carlo simulations. The model was trained using three intracranial proton fields of a 9-year-old girl. The resulting model was tested against two intracranial fields of a 10-year-old boy by comparing the mean doses in organs at risk of a radiogenic cancer estimated by the model versus those previously calculated by Monte Carlo. On average, the model reproduced the internal neutron organ doses in the 10-year-old boy within 13.5% of the Monte Carlo at 3–10 cm from the field edge and within a factor of 2 of the Monte Carlo at 10–20 cm from the field edge. Beyond 20 cm, the model poorly estimated H/DRx, however, the values were very small, at <0.03 mSv Gy−1.
Changes in adiposity and other factors in relation to age at natural menopause: analyses from the coronary artery risk development (CARDIA) study
Authors: Costanian Christy , McCague Hugh , Edgell Heather , Ardern Chris I. , Tamim Hala 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective:
The age at natural menopause has subsequent health implications. Earlier age at natural menopause is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Despite extensive study, no clear and conclusive association between anthropometric measures and age at natural menopause has emerged. This study aims to assess whether baseline and/or longitudinal changes in adiposity are associated with age at natural menopause.

Methods:
In all, 2,030 premenopausal women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study—a prospective study with 25 years follow-up—were included for analysis from 1985 to 1986 until menopause was attained. Anthropometry included body mass index and waist circumference. Discrete-time survival analysis was then used to determine the association between anthropometric measures at baseline, and also their changes with age at natural menopause, while adjusting for various time-varying and invariant covariates in separate models for body mass index and waist circumference.

Results:
Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that baseline body mass index (hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94-0.98) and baseline waist circumference (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99) significantly increased the risk of later age at natural menopause. Neither time-varying body mass index nor waist circumference indicating change across time associated with age at natural menopause. Premenopausal hypertension was strongly associated with an earlier age at natural menopause.

Conclusion:
These findings show that age at natural menopause is partly determined by modifiable factors such as premenopausal hypertension and baseline adiposity. These results highlight the importance of both control and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors such as excess weight in early to mid-adulthood before menopause onset.
Functional Outcome Scores With Standard Myoelectric Prostheses in Below-Elbow Amputees
Authors: Salminger Stefan , Vujaklija Ivan , Sturma Agnes , Hasenoehrl Timothy , Roche Aidan D. , Mayer Johannes A. , Hruby Laura A. , Aszmann Oskar C. 
Published: August 2018

Objective
The aim of the study was to report normative outcome data of prosthetic hand function in below-elbow amputees using four different objective measurements closely related to activities of daily living.

Design
Seventeen patients who underwent prosthetic fitting after unilateral below-elbow amputation were enrolled in this study. Global upper extremity function was evaluated using the Action Research Arm Test, Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure, the Clothespin-Relocation Test, and the Box and Block Test, which monitor hand and extremity function.

Results
The patients achieved a mean ± SD Action Research Arm Test score of 35.06 ± 4.42 of 57. The mean ± SD Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure score was 65.12 ± 13.95 points. The mean ± SD time for the Clothespin-Relocation Test was 22.57 ± 7.50 secs, and the mean ± SD score in the Box and Block Test was 20.90 ± 5.74.

Conclusions
In the current economic situation of health care systems, demonstrating the effectiveness and necessity of rehabilitation interventions is of major importance. This study reports outcome data of below-elbow amputees and provides a useful guide for expected prosthetic user performance.