bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Correlate of Visual Familiarity in Macaque Area V2
Authors: Huang Ge , Ramachandran Suchitra , Lee Tai Sing , Olson Carl R. 
Published: September 2018

Neurons in macaque inferotemporal cortex (ITC) respond less strongly to familiar than to novel images. It is commonly assumed that this effect arises within ITC because its neurons respond selectively to complex images and thus encode in an explicit form information sufficient for identifying a particular image as familiar. However, no prior study has examined whether neurons in low-order visual areas selective for local features also exhibit familiarity suppression. To address this issue, we recorded from neurons in macaque area V2 with semichronic microelectrode arrays while monkeys repeatedly viewed a set of large complex natural images. We report here that V2 neurons exhibit familiarity suppression. The effect develops over several days with a trajectory well fitted by an exponential function with a rate constant of ∼100 exposures. Suppression occurs in V2 at a latency following image onset shorter than its reported latency in ITC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFamiliarity suppression, the tendency for neurons to respond less strongly to familiar than novel images, is well known in monkey inferotemporal cortex. Suppression has been thought to arise in inferotemporal cortex because its neurons respond selectively to large complex images and thus explicitly to encode information sufficient for identifying a particular image as familiar. No previous study has explored the possibility that familiarity suppression occurs even in early-stage visual areas where neurons are selective for simple features in confined receptive fields. We now report that neurons in area V2 exhibit familiarity suppression. This finding challenges our current understanding of information processing in V2 as well as our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie familiarity suppression.
Diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy of focal liver lesions
Authors: Ichim Vlad Andrei , Chira Romeo Ioan , Mircea Petru Adrian 
Published: September 2018

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has become an indispensable method for diagnosis and therapeutic procedures in gastroenterology. As experience with this technique grows, new indications continue to emerge. Due to the vicinity of the transducer to the liver, endoscopic ultrasonography provides detailed images of the liver segments and its vascular and biliary structures. Endosonographers have made an effort to define a clinical role for endoscopic ultrasound in liver diseases; however, not much is known about endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in hepatic focal lesions.
This review summarizes the available evidence regarding the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in patients with focal liver lesions.
Determination of predominant soluble salts in soils of the irrigation district Alto Chicamocha of Boyacá
Authors: Walteros Torres Ingrid , Cely Reyes German Eduardo , Moreno Perez Diego 
Published: September 2018

El distrito de riego y drenaje del Alto Chicamocha (DRACH por sus siglas en español), es la principal unidad de producción agropecuaria del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia, abarca un área de 8016,78 hectáreas y debido a las condiciones naturales y al manejo que se le ha venido dando a la cuenca alta del Río Chicamocha, la salinización ha sido reconocida como limitante. Por lo anterior se buscó determinar las sales solubles predominantes en los suelos que comprenden el DRACH. Con base en la información de análisis químicos de suelos de 301 muestras, obtenidas de estudios realizados por el GISSAT-UPTC y Corpoica, se determinó C.E, pH, aniones y cationes presentes en el suelo. Para el análisis espacial de las variables estudiadas se usó el sofware ArcGis 10.3. Se colectaron 31 muestras de agua en pozos de la red freatimétrica para realizar la caracterización química del agua. Se encontró que el 48,01% de los suelos del distrito eran no salinos, el 22,93% ligeramente salino, el 14,74% moderadamente salino y salinos el 14,33%. Las principales sales solubles en el suelo fueron el Na2SO4, Ca2SO4, NaCl2 y CaCl2, las cuales están relacionadas con el origen lacustre y la presencia de termales en la región. Las zonas con mayor riesgo de salinización se presentan en los municipios de Tibasosa, veredas Patrocinio, Ucaca, las Vueltas; en Santa Rosa de Viterbo en la vereda Salitre; en Duitama en las veredas Cebadero e Higueras con C.E. mayores a 2,00 dS m-1.
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield response to chemical and biological fertilization in different localities of Colombia
Authors: Tamayo Vélez Alvaro , Bernal E. Jorge Alonso 
Published: September 2018

La investigación se realizó en 2015 en cinco localidades productoras de frijol en Colombia. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes tratamientos de fertilización química y biológica sobre el rendimiento de frijoles volubles y arbustivos. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, en Antioquia, es posible reemplazar la fertilización química por fertilización biológica en el frijol voluble Corpoica LAS-106 y el arbustivo Citará. En Cundinamarca, similar situación se presentó con el frijol “Cargamanto Rojo”. En Santander, se encontró que la combinación de micorrizas (AMF) y Rhizobium mejora el rendimiento de los fríjoles arbustivos ICA-Rovirense (2839,5 t ha-1) e ICA- Radical-J1J1 (1955,7 t ha-1), con respecto al rendimiento promedio nacional (1,2 t ha-1). El uso de biofertilizantes (hongos formadores de micorriza y Rhizobium) mejoró los rendimientos en el cultivo del frijol, con los materiales utilizados (volubles y arbustivos) y en las localidades estudiadas. Existe un efecto aditivo en las aplicaciones de los biofertilizantes evaluados, ya que se observó un mayor rendimiento en el cultivo de frijol cuando estos se aplicaron combinados que individualmente.
A Theoretical Study of Deflection of AFM Bimaterial Cantilevers Versus Irradiated Position
Authors: Dat Le Tri , Huy Ho Thanh , Vy Nguyen Duy 
Published: September 2018

The bimaterial cantilevers of atomic force microscopes have been widely used in chemical and bio-sensing. Due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the two layers, the cantilever is deflected and its deflections is dependent on the heat absorption from the ambient environment or the objects adsorbed on the cantilever surface. In this study, we theoretically examine the deflection of this cantilever considering different irradiated configurations of a laser beam and thicknesses of the coating layer. We show that the temperature difference between the end and the clamped position is maximized for an irradiation at the cantilever end and this difference reduces with increasing coating thickness. Especially, the maximal deflection is seen for an irradiation in the middle of the cantilever, around 0.6 of the cantilever length from the clamped position. The obtained results could help determining an irradiated configuration of laser and the coating thickness to optimize the sensitivity of the cantilevers in thermally sensing devices.
Concordance Study Between IBM Watson for Oncology and Clinical Practice for Patients with Cancer in China
Authors: Zhou Na , Zhang Chuan-Tao , Lv Hong-Ying , Hao Chen-Xing , Li Tian-Jun , Zhu Jing-Juan , Zhu Hua , Jiang Man , Liu Ke-Wei , Hou He-Lei , Liu Dong , Li Ai-Qin , Zhang Guo-Qing , Tian Zi-Bin , Zhang Xiao-Chun 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
IBM Watson for Oncology (WFO), which can use natural language processing to evaluate data in structured and unstructured formats, has begun to be used in China. It provides physicians with evidence-based treatment options and ranks them in three categories for treatment decision support. This study was designed to examine the concordance between the treatment recommendation proposed by WFO and actual clinical decisions by oncologists in our cancer center, which would reflect the differences of cancer treatment between China and the U.S.

Patients and Methods
Retrospective data from 362 patients with cancer were ingested into WFO from April 2017 to October 2017. WFO recommendations were provided in three categories: recommended, for consideration, and not recommended. Concordance was analyzed by comparing the treatment decisions proposed by WFO with those of the multidisciplinary tumor board. Concordance was achieved when the oncologists' treatment decisions were in the recommended or for consideration categories in WFO.

Results
Ovarian cancer showed the highest concordance, which was 96%. Lung cancer and breast cancer obtained a concordance of slightly above 80%. The concordance of rectal cancer was 74%, whereas colon cancer and cervical cancer showed the same concordance of 64%. In particular, the concordance of gastric cancer was very low, only 12%, and 88% of cases were under physicians choice.

Conclusion
Different cancer types showed different concordances, and only gastric cancers were significantly less likely to be concordant. Incidence and pharmaceuticals may be the major cause of discordance. To be comprehensively and rapidly applied in China, WFO needs to accelerate localization. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03400514.
SOME TRENDS OF THE WORLD REE MARKET AND PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA
Authors: Gasanov A. A. , Naumov A. V. , Yurasova O. V. , Petrov I. M. , Litvinova T. E. 
Published: September 2018

The paper presents a review of some trends observed on the world market of rare-earth elements (REE). This review takes into account actual changes in the commercial and industrial policy of China and the current trends of REE consumption. Main characteristics of the modern REE markets are considered. The paper provides an assessment of world production volumes, world trade and prices. The article describes the REE market behavior in 2000–2020 and provides a forecast of main indicators and prices up to 2020. It contains a description of current world REE resources, production and trade over the main countries. In addition, the prices and the main buyers of REE are specified indicating the forecast of consumption. The prospects of the Russian REE market are estimated taking into account the «Development of the Rare and Rare-Earth Elements Industry» subprogram implemented as part of the State Program of the Russian Federation «Industry Development and Competitiveness Improvement». The purpose of the subprogram is to create a competitive rare-earth industry of an integrated production cycle in the Russian Federation in order to satisfy the needs of the domestic defense industry complex, civil industries and enter the foreign markets. It is noted that this subprogram should be upgraded with regard to changes in the market conditions and development of rare-earth elements production in the Russian Federation including by means of statutory, non-tariff and technical regulation. Loparite and apatite will remain the main sources of rare-earth elements as raw materials for industrial processing in Russia in the near future, while REE production from apatite will increase. It is emphasized that the prospects of REE development in Russia consist not so much in increasing the primary production as in establishing new plants consuming rare-earth products.
INFLUENCE OF METHODS FOR ALTI MASTER ALLOY PRODUCTION ON ITS STRUCTURE AND EFFICIENCY IN ALUMINUM ALLOY MODIFICATION
Authors: Nikitin K. V. , Timoshkin I. Yu. , Nikitin V. I. 
Published: September 2018

A comparative study on the effect of methods for obtaining AlTi4 modifying master alloys on the sizes of Al3Ti intermetallics is made. It is found that increasing cooling rates at solidification from 10–15 °C/s (crystallization in a hot cast iron mold, a plate 30 mm in thickness) to 60–65 °C/s (crystallization in a cold cast iron chill mold, a rod 20 mm in diameter, 170 mm in length) reduces the length and thickness of needle-shaped intermetallics almost twice (397×23 to 215×13 μm). At the same time, lower electrical conductivity and higher alloy density in a solid state are observed. Melt modification with 0,5 wt.% magnesium addition causes the formation of homogeneous 98×3 μm fine-needle intermetallics. The addition of magnesium slightly reduces electrical conductivity and density compared with the AlTi4 master alloy crystallized at the same cooling rate (60–65 °C/s). Modification of A97 grade aluminum and AK9ch alloy (Al–Si–Mg system) with the specified master alloys at the same amount of titanium added (0,01 wt.%) exerts hereditary influence on the density and electrical conductivity, and macrograin (A97) and dendrites of aluminium (AK9ch). The maximum modifying effect is provided by the AlTi4 master alloy containing 0,5 wt.% magnesium. When introduced into the alloy, it contributes to the formation of 10 μm aluminum dendrites 1427 pcs/mm2 in total in the alloy structure. When the AK9ch alloy is modified with the master alloy crystallized at cooling rates of 10–15 °C/s, 28 μm dendrites 672 pcs/mm2 in total are formed in the alloy structure. It is suggested to use density and electrical conductivity determination methods for express evaluation of master alloy modifying effectiveness.
Requirement, feasibility and possible opportunities of determination of real tariff prices for non-wood herbal products
Authors: TÜRKER Mustafa Fehmi , BERKER Elif , YILMAZ Canan 
Published: September 2018

Consistent with the changes and the increase in demand for the forests in the society, utilization of forest products became significant. Non-wood herbal products, which constitute a significant part among non-wood forestry products, is an important source of income for State Forest Enterprises and forestry industry in domestic and international markets, however non-wood herbal products are generally neglected in the Turkish forestry industry. Within the scope of the study, it was aimed to determine the income earned from the sales of Vaccinum sp., Arumitalicum, Galanthus woronowii and Cyclamen sp. species which are produced under the Sürmene State Forestry Enterprise management and the proportional distribution of these incomes between channel members. The share received from income of distribution channel members was determined by evaluating data obtained from Sürmene State Forestry Enterprise Production Tables and the records of a joint-stock company trading non-wood herbal products in Sürmene via percentage analysis method. In Turkey, an analysis of distribution of income among the members of non-wood herbal products distribution channels would reflect an unfair distribution. Most of the revenues are kept by wholesalers and especially retailers if present, while raw material producer State Forestry Enterprise and raw material gatherer forest villagers do not get their fair share. One of the major problems behind this is the low tariff prices. The extremely law tariff rates adversely affects the economic success of State Forestry Enterprise and active and productive use of resources by the enterprise. To resolve these problems, the actual tariff rates should be calculated for non-wood herbal products and the production and trade of these products should be conducted based on these rates and enforced policies should support rural development.
Aile Uyum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formunun Psikometrik Özellikleri
Authors: DUMAN KULA Müge , EKŞİ Halil , DEMİRCİ İbrahim 
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı Aile Uyum Ölçeği’nin kısa formunu Türkçeye uyarlamak
ve ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Çalışma grubunda 483
katılımcı bulunmaktadır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde tek boyutlu yapı iyi
uyum göstermiştir. Madde faktör yükleri .70 ile .89 arasında değişiklik
göstermektedir. İç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı .91 bulunmuştur. Aile Uyum
Ölçeği’nin madde toplam korelasyon katsayıları .68 ile .84 arasında
değişmektedir. Aile Uyum Ölçeği’nin yaşam doyumu ve öznel mutluluk ile gösterdiği
pozitif ilişkiye göre ölçeğin kabul edilir ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliğe sahip
olduğu söylenebilir. Araştırmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda Aile Uyum Ölçeği’nin
Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik özellikleri ölçeğin Türkiye’de yapılacak
bilimsel çalışmalarda kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir
Hybridising Teaching Personal Social Responsibility (TPSR) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Physical Education
Authors: Rahayu Nur Indri , Suherman Adang , Jabar Bambang Abdul 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The aim of this research was to test the effectiveness of TPSR and PBL in physical education to increase students personal and social responsibility. Method: This is quasi experimental research with pre test post test control group design, Sample of this research were senior high school as many as 122 students. The instrument used was an adaptation of Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education (TARE) Observation, while the data analysis using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. Result: The results showed there was significant effect of hybridising TPSR and PBL in enhancing student’s personal and social responsibility. Discussion/Conclusion: hybridising TPSR and PBL is effective to increase student’s personal and social responsibility in physical education. Recomendation: Next, more in-depth research is required by involving a random samplig with larger sample size or by using another scientific learning approach such as inquairy or project based learning.
TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS REPELLEN EKSTRAK DAUN TITONIA TERHADAP KUTU PUTIH
Authors: Widyastuti Rahma , Susanti Dian , Wijayanti Retno 
Published: September 2018

<em>Titonia (</em>Tithonia diversifolia<em>) is a wild </em><em>species commonly found in the medium to high altidudes. Titonia leaves contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, and tannins that can act as a botanical fungicide and insecticides, antifeedant, as well as antioviposition. The bioactive content in the titonia leaf can be used to control whitefly (</em>Aleurodicus dugesii<em>), the important insect pest of iler </em>(Plectranthus scutellarioides). The r<em>esearch was conducted to determine the toxicity and repellency of tithonia leaf extracts against whiteflies. Tithonia leaf was extracted with infundation method using water as a solvent. The study was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with concentrations of tithonia leaves extract was 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg.l<sup>-1</sup>, repeated five times. The toxicity was tested by spraying water extract of </em>T. diversifolia<em> leaves on whiteflies (0.5 ml/adult insect). After 60 minutes of application, the whiteflies then were inserted into a chamber containing </em>P. scutellarioides<em>. The repellency was examined by multiple choice method using four </em>P. scutellarioides<em> plants sprayed with water extract of </em>T. diversifolia<em> leaves (250 ml/plant). The observation on toxicity performed everyday for seven days, while the repellency was observed </em><em>for 48 hours. The extracts water of </em>T. diversifolia<em> leaf 4 mg.l<sup>-1</sup> was toxic to whiteflies as contact poison with LC<sub>50</sub> was 3.192 mg.l<sup>-1</sup> and LT<sub>50</sub> was 4.169 days. Moreover, concentration of 0.5 mg.l<sup>-1</sup> was effective as repellent for whiteflies. Botanical insecticide containing water extract of </em>T. diversifolia<em> leaves can be used to prevent and control whiteflies attack on </em>P. scutellarioides<em>.</em>
A prática das oficinas terapêuticas aplicadas ao Centro de Atenção Psicossocial no Vale do Jequitinhonha
Authors: Matos Nadaby De Oliveira , Caldeira Ana Luísa De Paulo , Lima Antonio Moacir de Jesus 
Published: September 2018

Trata-se de um relato de experiência de acadêmicos do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem como monitores das oficinas terapêuticas e no horizonte que se abre no contexto do tratamento psiquiátrico por meio da realização das mesmas. As oficinas ocorreram no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Renascer, na região dovale do Jequitinhonha em Minas Gerais, e se caracterizaram como agentes potencializadores da reinserção social, buscando sempre estabelecer a autonomia dos usuários, estímulo do autocuidado e interação com o processo medicamentoso e psicoterápico do tratamento adotado.
STUDY OF DENDRITIC CELL MIGRATION USING CELL-IQ ANALYSIS SYSTEM
Authors: Nekhaeva T. L. , Danilova A. B. , Baldueva I. A. 
Published: September 2018

Dendritic cells (DCs) belong to specialized pool of antigen-presenting cells with high functional plasticity and manifest with immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive potential depending on sequence and combination of microenvironment stimuli, which determine their differentiation, maturation and activation. The use of antitumor DCs vaccines is based on the ability of DCs specifically activated in vitro migrate for antigen presentation to T- lymphocytes. We studied the components of the tumor microenvironment that are capable of inhibiting DCs migration. The study of the mobility of DCs in Cell-IQ experimental analytical system showed the presence of an inverse correlation of high strength between the average trajectory speed and the level of immunosuppressive factors (ISFs) in supernatants of cultured skin melanoma cells (TGFβ1, IL-10, IL-18, VEGF-A, EGF, FGF, HGF, sFASL (p<0.01). An inverse relation of high force was found between the movement angle of the DCs population and the expression of cancer testis antigens (CTAs) and other tumor- associated antigens (TAAs) on tumor cells (Melan A, tyrosinase, families of MAGE, BAGE, NY- ESO-1 (p<0.01)). The speed of DCs movement in culture system with melanoma cells #894 was 30.10±2.23 μm/h and differed from that in the presence of IL-10 1 ng/ml (10.45±0.52 μm/h), TGFβ1 10 ng/ml (14.32±0.42 μm/h), VEGF 50 ng/ml (18.7±1.89 μm/h) (p<0.05). One can assume that content of this ISFs in the blood is one of the factors determining clinical efficacy of DCs immune therapy.
INDUCTION OF EPITHELIAL-TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN MCF-7-SNAI1 CELLS LEADS TO REORGANIZATION OF ADHERENS JUNCTIONS AND ACQUISITION OF MIGRATORY ACTIVITY
Authors: Zhitnyak I. Y. , Litovka N. I. , Rubtsova S. N. , Gloushankova N. A. 
Published: September 2018

Using DIC and confocal microscopy, changes in morphology, migratory characteristics and adherence junctions (AJs) were analyzed in the mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7-SNAI1 after activation of the EMT transcription factor SNAI1. Western Blot analysis showed that after removal of tetracycline from the cell culture medium expression of SNAI1 reached its peak in 24 hours and then plateaued for 7 days. During the 7 days the cells continued to express E-cadherin; however, tangential AJs typical for cells with stable cell-cell adhesion, changed into radial AJs. The radial AJs continued to accumulate E-cadherin during 24‑72 hours after tetracycline removal. As a result of SNAI1 activation, the cells underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and became migratory. On a two-dimensional substrate, cells exhibited both individual and collective migration. As the tetracycline washout period progressed, the fraction of the cells capable of migrating through migration chamber membranes increased; on the contrary, cells’ ability to invade an epithelial monolayer decreased. These results demonstrate that retaining a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype and accumulation of E-cadherin in AJs during early stages of EMT do not impede disruption of stable cell-cell adhesion and cells’ acquisition of migratory activity.