bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium supplementation from dairy products in the diet of women over the age of 55 from Zabrze (the Silesian Osteoactive Study – nutritional part)
Authors: Martela Katarzyna , Kuźniewicz Roman , Pluskiewicz Wojciech , Tabor Elżbieta , Zagórski Piotr 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe primary goal of the study was to assess calcium intake among women over the age of 55.Material and methodsThe study participants were randomly selected from the female population of Zabrze, a town in the Upper Silesia Region in Poland, making use of the framework of the Silesia Osteoactive Study Project. The Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (sFFQ) was used for nutritional assessment. A total of 388 women at the median age of 65.2 years responded to written and mailed invitations and decided to participate in the study.ResultsThe mean calcium intake in the group of enrolled post-menopausal women was 886.9 ±615.1 mg/day. Only 32.9% of the participants met the daily calcium intake criterion of > 1000 g/day (the Estimated Average Requirement of 1000 mg according to the Nutrition Standards from 2017 for women in the age group of 51–65 years). Calcium supplementation, identified among women over the age of 55 years in Zabrze, was not sufficient and significantly differed from indicated nutrition standards. Fermented dairy products were the main source of calcium for the studied women. The quantity of calcium provided from yoghurts, kefirs and buttermilk was 338.3 mg/day. The level of consumption of fortified plant products, e.g., soy milk, was found to be very low. Some of the study participants (approximately 32%) reported the intake of calcium supplements or OTC medicinal products with calcium.ConclusionsSumming up, the studied women reported low calcium intake levels, which calls for appropriate adjustments, including either dietary modifications or proper supplementation programmes with calcium containing agents.
Diagrama de manejo de la densidad para los bosques mezclados de la región de El Salto, Durango
Authors: Cabrera-Pérez Reyna S. , Corral-Rivas Sacramento , Quiñonez-Barraza Gerónimo , Nájera-Luna Juan A. , Cruz-Cobos Francisco , Calderón-Leal Víctor H. 
Published: December 2018

Introducción: Los diagramas para el manejo de la densidad (DMD) son herramientas útiles en la caracterización y manejo de la densidad del rodal.Objetivo: Desarrollar un DMD para programar aclareos en los bosques naturales mezclados de la región de El Salto, Durango.Materiales y métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron en 441 parcelas temporales de muestreo en 263 rodales mezclados con especies de los géneros Pinus y Quercus, principalmente. El DMD se basó en el índice de Hart-Becking y una relación de dos ecuaciones alométricas: 1) el diámetro medio cuadrático (dg, cm) con la densidad (N, árboles·ha-1) y altura dominante (Hd, m), y 2) el volumen (V, m3·ha-1) con el dg, Hd y N. En el ajuste de los parámetros de las ecuaciones se utilizó el método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios no lineales en forma simultánea. El límite de densidad máxima se estimó mediante regresión cuantílica potencial que relacionó N con la Hd.Resultados y discusión: En los modelos ajustados se obtuvieron estadísticos de bondad de ajuste eficientes, en términos de la raíz del error medio cuadrático (2.29) y coeficiente de determinación (0.86). El DMD sugiere aplicar aclareos debajo de la línea de densidad máxima para evitar mortalidad. A través del DMD se pueden evaluar diferentes alternativas silvícolas, programar aclareos, maximizar el espacio de crecimiento, promover el incremento de árboles y mejorar los productos forestales.Conclusión: El DMD desarrollado es útil para programar aclareos con fines de producción de madera para asierre al final del turno.
Panproteome-wide analysis of antibody responses to whole cell pneumococcal vaccination
Authors: Campo Joseph J , Le Timothy Q , Pablo Jozelyn V , Hung Christopher , Teng Andy A , Tettelin Hervé , Tate Andrea , Hanage William P , Alderson Mark R , Liang Xiaowu , Malley Richard , Lipsitch Marc , Croucher Nicholas J 
Published: December 2018

Pneumococcal whole cell vaccines (WCVs) could cost-effectively protect against a greater strain diversity than current capsule-based vaccines. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to a WCV were characterised by applying longitudinally-sampled sera, available from 35 adult placebo-controlled phase I trial participants, to a panproteome microarray. Despite individuals maintaining distinctive antibody ‘fingerprints’, responses were consistent across vaccinated cohorts. Seventy-two functionally distinct proteins were associated with WCV-induced increases in IgG binding. These shared characteristics with naturally immunogenic proteins, being enriched for transporters and cell wall metabolism enzymes, likely unusually exposed on the unencapsulated WCV’s surface. Vaccine-induced responses were specific to variants of the diverse PclA, PspC and ZmpB proteins, whereas PspA- and ZmpA-induced antibodies recognised a broader set of alleles. Temporal variation in IgG levels suggested a mixture of anamnestic and novel responses. These reproducible increases in IgG binding to a limited, but functionally diverse, set of conserved proteins indicate WCV could provide species-wide immunity.Clinical trial registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with Identifier NCT01537185; the results are available from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT01537185.
Usefulness of hybrid deformable image registration algorithms in prostate radiation therapy
Authors: Motegi Kana , Tachibana Hidenobu , Motegi Atsushi , Hotta Kenji , Baba Hiromi , Akimoto Tetsuo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo evaluate the accuracy of commercially available hybrid deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms when using planning CT (pCT) and daily cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) in radiation therapy for prostate cancer. The hybrid DIR algorithms in RayStation and MIM Maestro were evaluated. Contours of the prostate, bladder, rectum, and seminal vesicles (SVs) were used as region‐of‐interest (ROIs) to guide image deformation in the hybrid DIR and to compare the DIR accuracy. To evaluate robustness of the hybrid DIR for prostate cancer patients with organs with volume that vary on a daily basis, such as the bladder and rectum, the DIR algorithms were performed on ten pairs of CT volumes from ten patients who underwent prostate intensity‐modulated radiation therapy or volumetric modulated arc therapy. In a visual evaluation, MIM caused unrealistic image deformation in soft tissues, organs, and pelvic bones. The mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) ranged from 0.46 to 0.90 for the prostate, bladder, rectum, and SVs; the SVs had the lowest DSC. Target registration error (TRE) at the centroid of the ROIs was about 2 mm for the prostate and bladder, and about 6 mm for the rectum and SVs. RayStation did not cause unrealistic image deformation, and could maintain the shape of pelvic bones in most cases. The mean DSC and TRE at the centroid of the ROIs were about 0.9 and within 5 mm generally. In both software programs, the use of ROIs to guide image deformation had the possibility to reduce any unrealistic image deformation and might be effective to keep the DIR physically reasonable. The pCT/CBCT DIR for the prostate cancer did not reduce the DIR accuracy because of the use of ROIs to guide the image deformation.
Polymeric Films Containing Sodium Chlorite That Release Disinfectant Gas upon Activation with UV Light
Authors: Abbasi Reza , Jain Rishabh , Nelson Kevin , Busche David , Lynn David M. , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPolymeric films that release disinfectant gas on demand have the potential to be useful for management of microbial burden (e.g., sterilization). Past attempts to create such films, however, have suffered from the need for stringent control over moisture or exposure to visible light prior to use. It is reported that polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyolefin (POD) films that contain NaClO2 crystals can release ClO2 gas upon UV‐activation and exposure to moisture. In addition to showing that the concentration of gaseous ClO2 released from the polymeric films is sufficiently high for antimicrobial activity, fundamental insights into factors controlling ClO2 release are provided by using atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, Raman microscopy, and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Specifically, by determining the sizes of the polymer‐dispersed NaClO2 particles, support for the hypothesis that UV light activates an interfacial layer of the NaClO2 crystals to generate ClO2 is obtained. Additionally, it is found that the half‐life of the UV‐activated state of NaClO2 depends on the reactivity of the polymer matrix. Because both PVA and POD possess properties analogous to polymers used in packaging films, it is concluded that the approach described in this study may enable introduction of deodorizing or antimicrobial functional properties into polymeric packaging.
Environmentally Tight TiO2–SiO2 Porous 1D‐Photonic Structures
Authors: García‐Valenzuela Aurelio , López‐Santos Carmen , Rico Victor , Alvarez Rafael , Palmero Alberto , González‐Elipe Agustín R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough thin film porosity is the basis of many optical sensors, it can be deleterious for a stable optical behavior of passive optical elements due to the condensation of water and other vapors in their pores. This paper proposes a new strategy for the magnetron sputtering (MS) fabrication of environmentally tight SiO2–TiO2 porous multilayers. Thin films of these two oxides deposited in an oblique angle configuration (MS‐OAD) present a nanocolumnar and highly porous nanostructure and, as a consequence, experience significant changes in their optical properties when exposed to water vapor. Similarly, the optical properties of Bragg reflectors and Bragg microcavities made of the stacking of porous and compact SiO2 and TiO2 thin films experience reversible changes when these 1D‐photonic structures are exposed to water pressure. A key finding of this work is that a very thin capping layer of SiO2 deposited on the surface of porous SiO2 films in the stack, at the interlayer between the two oxides, efficiently seals the pores making the photonic structures environmentally tight. This capping layer approach is a useful strategy to incorporate porosity as an additional parameter to design the optical behavior of planar photonic structures while preserving optical and environmental stability.
Energy‐Dependent Spectral Analysis of Photon‐Assisted Carrier Transport at Resonance in Graphene Oxide
Authors: Oh Juyeong , Kim Sun Jun , Yoon Hyong Seo , Lee Jaemin , Kim Jae Hun , Lee Yongshik , Jun Seong Chan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOwing to its excellent optoelectronic properties, graphene oxide (GO) has been investigated for use in optoelectronic devices in the past decade. GO‐based devices such as photodetectors are expected to show remarkable high‐frequency transmittances. However, the band properties are typically investigated using optical measurement methods, and these techniques have limitations on the maximum light intensity that can be employed and require the use of filters. To overcome these problems, high‐frequency electrical measurements are applied to use resonance under illumination. The measured resonance signal probes the band properties of GO, while the electromagnetic radiation excites the samples. The spectral analysis of GO‐based optoelectronic devices reveals the relationship between the band properties and the photon energy. Moreover, the resistance of GO, which is measured via the de‐embedding process, is related to the band levels and photon energies. Thus, spectral analysis can be used to probe not only the photodetector properties of GO‐based devices but also their band structure.
Multidimensional Manipulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect with a Single‐Layer Dielectric Metasurface
Authors: Li Siqi , Li Xingyi , Wang Guoxi , Liu Sheng , Zhang Lingxuan , Zeng Chao , Wang Leiran , Sun Qibing , Zhao Wei , Zhang Wenfu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe photonic spin Hall effect, originating from photonic spin–orbit interactions, has attracted considerable research interest due to its potential for applications in spin‐controlled nanophotonics. However, most research efforts have focused only on 1D modulation, including transverse or longitudinal spin‐dependent splitting. Here, a novel method is proposed for multidimensional spin‐dependent splitting on a single‐layer dielectric metasurface. Due to the interplay of the Pancharatnam–Berry phase and dynamic phase, the longitudinal focusing and transverse shifting of the different spin state photons can be simultaneously achieved. Moreover, the conjugated characteristic of the modulated phases of Pancharatnam–Berry phase metasurfaces for different spin photons can be broken, and both symmetric and asymmetric transverse spin‐dependent splitting are obtained with the proposed method. This method can be used for the multidimensional and flexible manipulation of spin photons and has potential in spin‐controlled nanophotonics, ranging from optical communication to beam shaping and optical sensors.
Bioinspired Amyloid Nanodots with Visible Fluorescence
Authors: Lapshina Nadezda , Shishkin Ivan I. , Nandi Ramesh , Noskov Roman E. , Barhom Hani , Joseph Sijo , Apter Boris , Ellenbogen Tal , Natan Amir , Ginzburg Pavel , Amdursky Nadav , Rosenman Gil 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNanoscale bioimaging is a highly important scientific and technological tool, where fluorescent (FL) proteins, organic molecular dyes, inorganic quantum dots, and lately carbon dots are widely used as light emitting biolabels. In this work, a new class of visible FL bioorganic nanodots, self‐assembled from short peptides of different composition and origin, is introduced. It is shown that the electronic energy spectrum of native nonfluorescent peptide nanodots (PNDs) is deeply modified upon thermally mediated refolding of their biological secondary structure from native metastable to stable β‐sheet rich structure. This refolding leads to the appearance of a broadband optical absorption across visible region and tunable, excitation‐dependent visible FL of the nanodots with a high quantum yield of ≈30%. It is shown that this intriguing biophotonic effect appears in several peptides/proteins and does not require the presence of aromatic residues. It is assumed that the origin of the phenomenon is related to proton transfer along network of reconstructed intermolecular hydrogen bonds, stabilizing the thermally induced supramolecular β‐sheet structure. The biocompatible FL PNDs can be potentially applied as high‐resolution bioimaging labels toward advanced biotechnology and biomedical theranostics.
Latinx child farmworkers in North Carolina: Study design and participant baseline characteristics
Authors: Arcury Thomas A. , Arnold Taylor J. , Sandberg Joanne C. , Quandt Sara A. , Talton Jennifer W. , Malki Andreina , Kearney Gregory D. , Chen Haiying , Wiggins Melinda F. , Daniel Stephanie S. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAlthough children as young as 10 years can work in agriculture, little research has addressed their occupational health. This paper describes a large, multicomponent study of hired Latinx child farmworkers, and the characteristics of children participating in this study.MethodsSurvey interviews were conducted in 2017 with 202 Latinx children aged 10‐17 years employed in agriculture across North Carolina (NC).ResultsMost (81.2%) participants were born in the United States, 37.6% were female, and 21.3% were aged 10‐13 years. Most (95.1%) were currently enrolled in school. Thirty‐six (17.8%) were migrant workers. 34.7% had worked in agriculture for 1 year; 18.3% had worked 4+ years. 33.7% worked piece rate. 57.4% worked in tobacco. Participants in western NC differed in personal and occupational characteristics from those in eastern NC.ConclusionsThis study has enrolled a large and diverse child farmworker sample. This overview indicates several important issues for further analysis.
Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome in a 39‐year‐old male patient with suspected acromegaly—A case study
Authors: Andrysiak‐Mamos Elżbieta , Sagan Karol Piotr , Lietz‐Kijak Danuta , Kijak Edward , Kaźmierczak Beata , Pietrzyk Aleksandra , Sowinska‐Przepiera Elżbieta , Sagan Leszek , Syrenicz Anhelli 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSimpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome (SGBS) is a rare genetic condition and is inherited in an X‐linked recessive manner. The disease is caused by a change in the nucleotide sequence of an X‐linked gene encoding glypican 3, a protein belonging to the heparan‐sulfate membrane proteoglycan family. SGBS case studies are almost entirely restricted to the pediatric population. Scarce literature describing SGBS course in adults may be due to both the high mortality of SGBS patients in childhood and low rate of SGBS diagnosis in adults. We present a case of a 39‐year‐old man with an initial diagnosis of acromegaly. Genetic tests revealed a hitherto unreported deletion in the GPC3 gene. SGBS manifestations in our patient included tall stature, dysmorphic features, and central nervous system (CNS) anatomical pathology. MRI of the head visualized abnormalities of median line structures, a feature consistent with SGBS: an unclosed craniopharyngeal canal, a sellar‐suprasellar cyst, dysmorphic pituitary gland, and a cyst of the septum pellucidum. Moreover, cardiomyopathy complicated by life‐threatening paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia was diagnosed. Although various cardiac anomalies are often found in SGBS, their pathogenesis is unclear and may be multifactorial. We believe that the presented case contributes to a better understanding of SGBS and may help clinicians in introducing prophylaxis and treatment for its comorbidities.
A collaborative educational intervention on procedural sedation and analgesia across the Pacific
Authors: Norii Tatsuya , Kimura Nobuhiko , Homma Yosuke , Funakoshi Hiraku , Crandall Cameron 
Published: December 2018

AimWorldwide, health‐care providers carry out procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in the emergency department. However, training opportunities are limited in many Asian countries, including Japan. We formed an educational group consisting of board‐certified emergency physicians in the USA and Japanese physicians and developed a PSA training module. The aims of our study were to demonstrate the effectiveness of training and to describe PSA practice in Japan.MethodsWe undertook a pretest of PSA knowledge questions and a retest immediately after the training intervention. We also carried out a survey and asked about participants' PSA practice. The training module consisted of four didactic hours and three simulation and skills laboratory hours. Results of all pre‐ and post‐intervention knowledge questions were analyzed with McNemar's test, and overall scores were analyzed with a paired t‐test.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐four health‐care providers including 123 physicians, 16 nurses, two pharmacists, and three medical students participated in the training. A total of 119 (83%) completed both the pre‐ and post‐intervention knowledge questions. Before the training, participants scored an average 66% (63%–69%) on the written knowledge test. After the intervention, participants showed significant improvement on the knowledge test (improvement 17%; 14%–20%). Among participants who answered the practice survey, 121 (88%) have undertaken PSA. Only 14 (12%) participants always or often use a continuous capnography for PSA. Only 32 (26.4%) participants undertook pre‐PSA systematic evaluation.ConclusionOur educational intervention successfully increased participants' knowledge. Only the minority of health‐care providers use capnography routinely for PSA, and pre‐PSA evaluation is not commonly carried out.
Purcell Effect and Nonlinear Behavior of the Emission in a Periodic Structure Composed of InAs Monolayers Embedded in a GaAs Matrix
Authors: Pozina Galia , Girshova Elizaveta I. , Morozov Konstantin M. , Ivanov Konstantin A. , Egorov Anton Yu. , Kaliteevski Mikhail A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEnhancement of spontaneous emission in a resonant Bragg quantum well (QW) structure with 60 periods of triple InAs monolayers embedded in a GaAs matrix is studied experimentally and theoretically. From measurements of the time‐resolved photoluminescence, besides the QW exciton at 1.47 eV, a specific super‐radiant (SR) emission demonstrating nonlinear properties is found. The SR mode shows a near‐quadratic dependence of intensity on excitation power, while its energy position follows the Bragg condition. It is revealed that the SR mode shows a peculiar non‐monotonic dependence of intensity on direction, with a maximum observed at approximately 40°. The enhancement in the SR emission at a specific direction is correlated well with suggested theoretical consideration of the modal Purcell factor for periodic quantum well structures.
Gold nanoparticles stabilized by modified halloysite nanotubes for catalytic applications
Authors: Massaro Marina , Colletti Carmelo G. , Fiore Bruno , La Parola Valeria , Lazzara Giuseppe , Guernelli Susanna , Zaccheroni Nelsi , Riela Serena 
Published: December 2018

A highly sustainable prototype of a flow system based on gold nanoparticles (4.2 nm) supported on thiol‐functionalized halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was developed for catalytic applications. The catalytic performances were evaluated using the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol as a model system. Under the best experimental conditions (0.0001 mol%, 1.97 × 10−8 mg of Au nanoparticles), an impressive apparent turnover frequency value up to 2 204 530 h−1 was achieved and the halloysite‐based catalyst showed full recyclability even after ten cycles. The high catalytic activity confirms the importance of the use of HNTs as support for Au nanoparticles that can exert a synergistic effect both as medium for transfer of electrons from borohydride ions to 4‐nitrophenol and by modulating interfacial electron transfer dynamics. With the application of flow technology, the obtained heterogeneous HNT@Au catalyst was fully recovered and reused for at least one month.
Back to Basics: Mass Casualty Incidents
Authors: Spruce Lisa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTerrorist attacks, mass shootings, violent crimes, and other disasters may leave those affected feeling afraid and overwhelmed with emotion. It has been more than 17 years since the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City killed almost 3,000 people. Since that time, the world has experienced a profuse number of mass casualty events; they are becoming commonplace and a risk that everyone recognizes as part of daily life. When disasters occur, health care providers may be required to mobilize and should be prepared for anything. Regardless of the size of the facility or the trauma level designation, perioperative nurses need to be aware of how they may be affected by traumatic events. This Back to Basics article reviews some significant mass casualty incidents and explores strategies for perioperative staff members to execute a successful response.