bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Infant Mortality in Southeast Nigeria: Results from the Healthy Beginning Initiative, 2013-2014
Authors: Slinkard, BA Samantha A , Pharr, PhD Jennifer R , Bruno, MPH Tamara , Patel, MSN Dina , Ogidi, MEd Amaka , Obiefune, MBBS Michael , Ezeanolue, MD, MPH Echezona 
Published: May 2018

Background: Neonatal mortality due to preventable factors occurs at high rates throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Community-based interventions increase opportunities for prenatal screening and access to antenatal care services (ANC) services. The Healthy Beginning Initiative (HBI) provided congregation-based prenatal screening and health counseling for 3,047 women in Enugu State. The purpose of this study was to identify determinants for infant mortality among this cohort.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of post-delivery outcomes at 40 churches in Enugu State, Nigeria between 2013 and 2014. Risk factors for infant mortality were assessed using chi square, odds ratios, and multiple logistic regression.

Results: There were 2,436 live births from the 2,379 women who delivered (55 sets of twins and one set of triplets), and 99 cases of neonatal/early postneonatal mortality. The neonatal mortality rate was 40.6 per 1,000 live births. Risk factors associated with neonatal mortality were lack of access to ANC services [OR= 8.81], maternal mortality [OR= 15.28], caesarian section [OR= 2.47], syphilis infection [OR= 6.46], HIV-positive status [OR= 3.87], and preterm birth [OR= 14.14].

Conclusions and Global Health Implications: These results signify that culturally-acceptablecommunity-based interventions targeted to increase access to ANC services, post-delivery services for preterm births, and HIV and syphilis screening for expectant mothers are needed to reduce infant mortality in resource-limited settings.

Key words: Infant Mortality • Neonatal Mortality • HIV, Antenatal Care • Nigeria • Healthy Beginning Initiative

Copyright © 2018 Slinkard et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Application of Computational Tools to Analyze and Test Mini Gas Turbine
Authors: El-sadi Haifa , Duva Anthony 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Performance analysis and testing of the Mini Gas Turbine was carried out in Wentworth Institute of Technology’s Thermodynamics Laboratory. The computational tool allows students to focus on more design-oriented problems. Furthermore, students had the ability to see immediate results to variations of the design conditions as well as different parameters that would affect the mini turbine. This project was carried out as a senior design project (Capstone), the students updated the existing data acquisition system, writing a new data acquisition program in LabVIEW, installing new pressure and temperature sensors, and performing a first and second law of thermodynamics analysis on the engine in Engineering Equation Solver. In order to update the existing data acquisition system, new NI SCB-68 connector blocks were implemented along with NI USB-6251 terminals. The new hardware is operated through a LabVIEW program running on a new laptop designated and mounted to the mini jet turbine housing. Instrumentation, testing, and calibration are the three main milestones for this project As a result, The Inlet Mass Flow Rate numeric indicator value is calculated, not measured. The calculated value is dependent on the measured values of Compressor Inlet Temperature (T1), Compressor Inlet Static Pressure (Ps), and Compressor Inlet Dynamic Pressure (Pt-Ps). However, the pressure, temperature and thrust were tested as a function of RPM. The mini turbine engine is ready to be used in student experimental settings. Feedback from students proves that the use of different tools significantly enhances the student learning experience and encourages the students to use different theory from different courses, make the course more dynamic, and motivate the students to learn the material.
Fertilizer Management for a Rye Cover Crop to Enhance Biomass Production
Authors: Balkcom Kipling S. , Duzy Leah M. , Arriaga Francisco J. , Delaney Dennis P. , Watts Dexter B. 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Additional N can enhance cereal cover crop biomass production and maximize benefits.
Cover crop N fertilizer recovery efficiency averaged 37% across all treatments.
Commercial N fertilizer increased biomass for less money compared to poultry litter.
Winter cereal cover crops are necessary to achieve maximum benefits of conservation tillage in the southeastern United States. These benefits generally increase as cover crop biomass increases; therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate N application times, sources, and optimal rates to maximize cover crop biomass production at Headland, AL, on a Fuquay sand (loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Arenic Plinthic Kandiudults) during the 2006–2008 growing seasons. Treatments were arranged in a split‐split plot treatment restriction in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots were time of fertilizer application (fall and spring), subplots were N source (commercial fertilizer and poultry [Gallus gallus domesticus] litter), and sub‐subplots were N rate (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1 as commercial fertilizer and 0, 2.2, 4.5, and 6.7 Mg ha−1 as poultry litter [as‐sampled basis]) for a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop. Commercial fertilizer produced 13% greater biomass compared to poultry litter across all rates and application times. Lower biomass production and higher costs for poultry litter reduced the feasibility of poultry litter as an N source compared with commercial N. Higher C/N ratios were measured for fall‐applied N compared to spring‐applied N, while N fertilizer recovery efficiency (REN) averaged 37% across the experiment. Results indicated fall application of commercial fertilizer N produced superior results across cover crop responses examined in this study, while providing general information about N fertilizer requirements to increase surface residue associated with cover crops across the southeastern United States.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Optimization for Sugarbeet in the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota
Authors: Chatterjee A. , Subedi K. , Franzen D.W. , Mickelson H. , Cattanach N. 
Published: May 2018

Single fertilizer nitrogen rate of 146 kg N ha−1 for sugarbeet is outdated.
Sugarbeet–fertilizer nitrogen recommendation should consider soil characteristics.
Sugarbeet yield and sugar content was optimized at 112 kg N ha−1.
In‐season soil nitrogen and red‐edge normalized difference vegetative index can predict yield response to nitrogen.
Economic optimum nitrogen rate varies from 0 to 405 kg N ha−1.
Fertilizer N application is critical to optimize sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) yield and sugar concentration. Regardless of observed yields, current fertilizer recommendations in North Dakota and Minnesota suggest a single application rate of 146 kg N ha−1 (considering both fertilizer N residual soil N of 120 cm depth) for the Red River Valley (RRV) irrespective of soil type and organic matter content. Field experiments were conducted at three sites to determine sugarbeet response to N application rates, 0, 112, 146, 179, and 213 kg N ha−1 and optimal N rate during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. Year and site had a significant effect on yield and sugar concentration. In 2015, fertilizer‐N significantly increased yield for all three sites, but in 2016, only one site responded to N. The highest N rate (213 kg N ha−1) reduced sugar concentration in 2016. In‐season soil available N (of 0–120 cm) significantly correlated with yield (R2 = 0.35) and economic return (R2 = 0.28). In season, red edge normalized difference vegetative index (RENDVI) based on the handheld optical sensor was significantly (P < 0.05) related to fertilizer‐N application rate. Economic optimum N rate for three sites varied from 0 to 405 kg N ha−1 depending on year and site characteristics. Our results suggest a revision of current sugarbeet fertilizer N recommendation to replace the single rate with N rates based on site characteristics and profitability to N applications.
KEUNGGULAN SERTA PENGEMBANGAN CABE MERAH DAN TOMAT DI KABUPATEN SUKABUMI - Superiority with Development of Chili and Tomato In The District of Sukabumi
Authors: Sukmawani Reny , Karmana Maman Haeruman , Sulistyowati Lies , Perdana Tomy 
Published: May 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan cabe merah dan tomat di Kabupaten Sukabumi agar dapat menetapkan arah pengembangannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey, dengan fokus penelitian mengaplikasikan metode description scoring dalam menentukan kriteria unggul cabe merah dan tomat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis description scoring tersebut kemudian diusulkan arah pengembangannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cabe merah memiliki kriteria lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan tomat. Walaupun berdasarkan nilainya cabe merah lebih unggul, namun berdasarkan kategori keduanya termasuk pada komoditas sedang berdasarkan kriteria unggul. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak kelemahan pada kedua komoditas ini yang harus ditingkatkan sehingga keduanya dapat dikatakan benar-benar memiliki keunggulan yang tinggi. Berdasarkan kelemahan pada kriteria unggul, pengembangan cabe merah dan tomat di Kabupaten Sukabumi hendaknya diarahkan kepada peningkatan pada kriteria-kriteria keunggulan yang masih kurang. Upaya peningkatan dapat dilakukan diantaranya dengan penguatan kelompok tani dan peningkatan peran pemerintah.Kata Kunci:, unggul, pengembangan, cabai merah, tomatAbstractThe objective of this study was to find out the superiority of chili and tomato in order to determine its development. Survey method was conducted by applying description scoring in determining superior criteria of chili and tomato. Its development would be suggested based on the result of description scoring analysis. The result of this study indicated that based on the score chili has more superior criteria than tomato. However based on category both of them were included in medium commodity of superior criteria. Thus, it indicated both of the commodities have weaknesses that should be improved to gain high superiority. Based on the weaknesses on superior criteria, the development of chili and tomato in the District of Sukabumi should be directed to the improvement of superiority criteria which were still lacking. The efforts of improvement could be conducted by reinforcing group of farmers and increasing role of government. Keywords: superior, development, chili, tomato
Rendimiento mnésico y ejecutivo de pacientes con Accidente Cerebrovascular: Estudio comparativo
Authors: Montaña Mogollón Gloria Johana , Gómez Díaz Karen Lorena , Siabato Macías Elsa Fernanda 
Published: May 2018

ResumenEl presente estudio no experimental de tipo transversal con alcance comparativo tuvo por objetivo identificar el funcionamiento mnesico y ejecutivo de pacientes que han sufrido un Accidente Cerebrovascular de acuerdo con la edad y el nivel educativo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 13 participantes de una IPS de Boyacá, con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y 87 años. Se aplicó el Test de Grober y Bushcke, la subescala de Semejanzas del WAIS III, el test de Stroop y el test de Clasificación de tarjetas de Wisconsin. Se hallaron diferencias en el funcionamiento amnésico y en perseveración de acuerdo con el rango de edad, pero no al nivel educativo. Mnemonic and executive performance of patients with Stroke: Comparative studyAbstractThe present non-experimental cross-sectional study with comparative scope aimed to identify the mnesical and executive functioning of patients who have suffered a Stroke according to age and educational level. The sample consisted of 13 participants from a IPS in Boyacá, aged between 25 and 87 years. The Grober and Bushcke Test, the Similarity subscale of the WAIS III, the Stroop test and the Wisconsin Card Classification test were applied. Differences were found in amnestic functioning and in perseveration according to the age range but not to the educational level. Desempenho mnemônico e executivo de pacientes com AVC: estudo comparativoResumoO presente estudo transversal não experimental com escopo comparativo visou identificar o funcionamento mnésical e executivo de pacientes que sofreram um acidente vascular cerebral de acordo com a idade e o nível educacional. A amostra consistiu em 13 participantes de um IPS em Boyacá, com idade entre 25 e 87 anos. O teste de Grober e Bushcke, a subescala de similaridade do WAIS III, o teste de Stroop e o teste de classificação de cartão de Wisconsin foram aplicados. As diferenças foram encontradas no funcionamento amnésico e na perseverança de acordo com a faixa etária, mas não ao nível educacional.
Size of Non-Metallic Inclusions in High-Grade Medium Carbon Steel
Authors: Lipiński T. , Wach A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Non-metallic inclusions found in steel can affect its performance characteristics. Their impact depends not only on their quality, but also, among others, on their size and distribution in the steel volume. The literature mainly describes the results of tests on hard steels, particularly bearing steels. The amount of non-metallic inclusions found in steel with a medium carbon content melted under industrial conditions is rarely presented in the literature. The tested steel was melted in an electric arc furnace and then desulfurized and argonrefined. Seven typical industrial melts were analyzed, in which ca. 75% secondary raw materials were used. The amount of non-metallic inclusions was determined by optical and extraction methods. The test results are presented using stereometric indices. Inclusions are characterized by measuring ranges. The chemical composition of steel and contents of inclusions in every melts are presented. The results are shown in graphical form. The presented analysis of the tests results on the amount and size of non-metallic inclusions can be used to assess them operational strength and durability of steel melted and refined in the desulfurization and argon refining processes.
The Pain: How Does Anthropology Look at it? Suffering of Body and Mind
Authors: Singh Ravinder 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper reviews pain, social and physical, and its suffering in and beyond the body. It has reviewed evidences for neuro-chemical and neural overlap between social and physical pain. It also explores the consequences of this overlap followed by the sociocultural aspects of pain through an anthropological lens. This is an anthropological exploration of pain for the benefit of the understanding of our clinicians about human pain and suffering beyond the body in their local world.
Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder, Uji Toksisitas dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium)
Authors: Ulfa Ninin Kartika , Fridayanti Aditya , Maulidya Vina , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Gliricidia sepium merupakan tanaman dari famili Fabaceae yang secara tradisional dimanfaatkan sebagai obat luar ruam kulit, demam, dan gangren. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder, untuk mengetahui toksisitas dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak daun gamal (G. sepium). Hasil skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol positif mengandung alkaloid, saponin, fenolik, tanin, dan steroid. Pada fraksi n-heksan positif mengandung alkaloid dan steroid serta pada fraksi etil asetat positif mengandung alkaloid, saponin, fenolik, dan tanin. Metode uji toksisitas yang digunakan adalah Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dengan penentuan nilai LC50 menggunakan analisa probit. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai LC50 ekstrak etanol 409.5 ppm, fraksi n-heksan 350.63 ppm dan fraksi etil asetat 463.15 ppm. Metode uji aktivitas antioksidan yang digunakan adalah metode peredaman DPPH. Berdasarkan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan fraksi diperoleh hasil nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan dan fraksi etil asetat berturut-turut adalah 350.1 ppm, 784,98 ppm dan 166,6 ppm. Dari data tersebut dapat ditafsirkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan lebih baik.
Kajian Kesesuaian dan Efek Samping Penggunaan Kontrasepsi pada Akseptor Kontrasepsi: Studi Kasus di Klinik Harmoni Kota Samarinda
Authors: Hidayah Siti Ulfah , Ibrahim Arsyik , Hajrah Hajrah , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara berkembang membentuk program Keluarga Berencana (KB) untuk mengatasi masalah laju pertumbuhan penduduk. Program ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan kontrasepsi sebagai alat atau upaya untuk mencegah kehamilan. Keberhasilan program KB ditunjukkan dari durasi penggunaan kontrasepsi, yaitu dengan melihat perilaku penggantian alat kontrasepsi (kesesuaian penggunaan kontrasepsi). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kesesuaian kontrasepsi yaitu efek samping. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat kesesuaian dan efek samping penggunaan kontrasepsi di klinik Harmoni kota Samarinda dengan metode cross sectional dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 84. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 93% akseptor KB pernah berpindah metode kontrasepsi dan sebanyak 90% menyatakan alasan perpindahan tersebut akibat efek samping yang mengganggu. Alasan lainnya termasuk penggunaan yang sulit (8%), metode gagal (1%), dan harga (1%). Efek samping seperti kenaikkan berat badan paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor kontrasepsi pil (47 %), amenorrhea paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor kontrasepsi suntik 3 bulan (53 %), jerawat paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor pil (43 %), sakit kepala paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor pil (40 %), mual-muntah paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor suntik 1 bulan (35 %), dan perdarahan paling banyak dirasakan oleh akseptor implan (67%).
PROJETO DE PRODUTO SIMBÓLICO DA CULTURA CABOCLA DA REGIÃO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Favaretto Alexandre Júnior , Quadros Rachel Corrêa de , Telles Neto Henrique 
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa, na qual realizou-se um resgate histórico sobre o caboclo da região oeste de Santa Catarina, por meio de pesquisas qualitativas e análises comparativas, relacionando design e cultura cabocla, a fim de compreender fatores como: a importância das funções de produto como mantenedora da cultura cabocla na região estudada, projeto de produto, identidade cultural e o valor simbólico dos produtos artesanais produzidos pelos caboclos. Como conclusão deste estudo, projetou-se a reprodução fiel de um produto de design de fator simbólico a partir das pesquisas realizadas nos artigos anteriores, mostrando que é possível inovar no planejamento de novos produtos sem perder a cultura e as raízes do caboclo.
PERBEDAAN BERAT (GRAM) BIBIT KERANG MUTIARA (PINCTADA MAXIMA) ANTAR WARNA CANGKANG DI PERAIRAN TEKALOK LOMBOK TIMUR NTB
Authors: Septy Suryaningsih Syachruddin AR., Abdul Syukur, 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKBibit kerang mutiara jenis Pinctada maximamemiliki berbagai macam warna cangkang, tetapi yang lebih menonjol, adalah : warna coklat, warna kuning, warna hitam dan warna putih. Berat bibit kerang mutiara berdasarkan warna cangkangnya bervariasi. Hasil penelitian tentang berat bibit menurut kelompok warna, menunjukkan bahwa: berat dan variasi beratnya, adalah : Warna Coklat (0,564 gram dengan variasi 0,010); Warna Kuning (0,557gram dengan variasi 0,012); Warna Hitam (0,565 gram dengan variasi 0,054) dan Warna Putih (0,575 gram dengan variasi 0,013). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa : perbedaan berat bibit antar kelompok warna tidak signifikan, karena Fhitung (1,436) < Ftabel (2,608) dan nilai P (0,230) < Pcritikal (2,608). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: pertumbuhan berat bibit kerang mutiara antar kelompok warna tidak ada perbedaannya, namun berdasarkan reratanya bibit yang berwarna putih cenderung lebih berat dibandingkan dengan bibit yang berwarna lainnya dengan urutan berat, sebagai berikut: Putih (0,575 gram) > Hitam (0,565 gram) > Coklat (0,564 gram) > Kuning (0,557gram). Key word : bibit, warna cangkang, berat dan variasi. ABSTRACT Cockle pearl seed Pinctada maxima species owning assorted ofcolour of shell but more uppermost, is : brown yellowcolour, black colour and white colour. Heavy of pearl cockle seed pursuant to the colour of him vary. Result of research concerning seed weight according to colour group, indicating that: wt. variation and weight, is : Brown ( 0,564 gram with variation of 0,010); Yellow Colour(0,557gram with variation [of] 0,012); Black Colour ( 0,565 gram with variation [of] 0,054) and White Colour (0,575 gram with variation of 0,013). Statistical analysis result show that : heavy difference of seed between colour group do not isn't it, because Fcount(1,436) <Ftable ( 2,608) and value of P (0,230) <Pcritikal ( 2,608). This Research result indicate that: heavy growth of pearl cockle seed between colour group there no difference of him, but pursuant to the average of seed which was white chromatic tend to compared to heavier of seed which is other chromatic with heavy sequence, as follows: White ( 0,575 gram > Black ( 0,565 gram > Brown ( 0,564 gram > Yellow (0,557gram).Key word : seed, colour of shell, heavy and variation.
PENGARUH BOKASHI TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Raksun Ahmad 
Published: May 2018

This research has done in Ketangga Jeraeng Village East Lombok. The objective of this research are: (1) to know the effect of bokashi on the production of rice (2) to identify the dosage of bokashi in order that rice can product optimally. Complately randomized design with four replicates were used in this research. Data analysis with Anova and least significant different (LSD).The result of this research are: (1) the application of bokashi has significant effect on the production of rice, (2) the dosage of bokasi that must be given in order that rice can product optimally is 0,8 kg bokashi/10 kg soil.Keywords: Bokashi, Production, Rice
Physiological ecology of incubation of ptarmigan eggs at high and low altitudes
Authors: Carey Cynthia , Martin Kathy 
Published: May 2018

The broad altitudinal distribution of ptarmigan Lagopus spp. makes this group an excellent model with which to ask how morphological and physiological specializations foster successful reproduction of birds at their distributional limits. Eggshell conductance and permeability to gases, shell surface area, shell thickness, daily water loss, and egg volume were measured in willow ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus breeding at 720 m a.s.l. and whitetailed ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus breeding between 3,600 and 4,100 m a.s.l. Of these characteristics, only egg volume and shell surface area differed significantly between the two species. Since the rate of daily water loss is similar at the two breeding locations, embryos develop in similar hydric environments inside the shell. High altitude embryos facilitate oxygen delivery with acclimatory adjustments in certain cardiovascular and cellular characteristics.