bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing the Co-Worker Acceptance of Disabled Employees (CADE) Scale
Authors: Breen Jonathon S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThere are a number of scales intended to measure workplace attitudes toward people with disabilities. However, there is limited demonstration of validity evidence, especially theoretical validity. This article reports on the development of the Co-Worker Acceptance of Disabled Employees (CADE) Scale, including an examination of theoretical and empirical validity evidences. Theoretical validity is supported by screening each scale item through the difference model of disability. Empirical validity evidence is generated through a content validity study and an initial validity study. Exploratory factor analysis reveals that workplace attitudes toward employees with disabilities are based on perceived differences between those with disabilities and others. The CADE Scale will support workplace training and provide evidence of attitude change subsequent to workplace disability-related interventions.
Audiovestibular functions in chronic kidney disease in relation to haemodialysis
Authors: Gabr T A , Kotait M A , Okda H I 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have reported that the audiovestibular system is affected in patients with chronic kidney disease.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate how the audiovestibular system is affected in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease.MethodsSixty participants were divided into three groups: group 1 – controls; group 2 – chronic kidney disease patients receiving conservative treatment; and group 3 – chronic kidney disease patients undergoing regular haemodialysis. Assessments included: standard and high-frequency audiometry and otoacoustic emissions testing, oculomotor tests, and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials testing.ResultsFifty per cent of group 2 and 60 per cent of group 3 had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. High-frequency pure tone audiometry showed reduced detectability and higher thresholds at 12 kHz and 16 kHz in patients than in controls. Otoacoustic emissions, tracking, optokinetic and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potential tests showed abnormal results in chronic kidney disease cases.ConclusionBoth the auditory and vestibular pathways are affected in different stages of chronic kidney disease. High-frequency pure tone audiometry, otoacoustic emissions and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials could be performed routinely in patients with chronic kidney disease, regardless of the disease stage.
A note on the depots of the 1897 Andrée balloon expedition
Authors: Lantz Björn 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent research suggests that the members of the 1897 Andrée balloon expedition could have survived if they had marched towards the depot at Seven Islands instead of the Cape Flora depot after the forced landing at 82°56’N 29°52’E, and furthermore, that they reasonably should have done so given what they knew about the ice drift in the area. This paper comprises an analysis of the expedition’s depots based on a review of original sources, and the results elucidate Andrée’s initial decision to march towards Cape Flora. The Seven Island depot was not yet laid when Andrée departed in his balloon, and the information he had at the time indicated that it was highly uncertain that depot could be laid at all. Moreover, he knew it might be difficult to find the depot even if it had been laid since no exact position for it could be determined in advance. If he arrived at the Seven Islands without being able to obtain supplies there, Andrée knew he would have to continue all the way to Nordenskiöld’s old hut in Mossel Bay. Cape Flora, on the other hand, was certain to offer both supplies and shelter.
The epistemic division of labour in markets: knowledge, global trade and the preconditions of morally responsible agency
Authors: Herzog Lisa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMarkets allow for the processing of decentralized information through the price mechanism. But in addition, many markets rely on other mechanisms in markets, or non-market institutions, that provide and manage other forms of knowledge. Within national economies, these institutions form an ‘epistemic infrastructure’ for markets. In global markets, in contrast, this epistemic infrastructure is very patchy, undermining the preconditions for morally responsible agency. New technologies might help to improve the epistemic infrastructure of global markets, but they require conceptualizing knowledge not only as a tradable good, but also as a precondition of morally responsible agency.
Palliative care for older South Asian migrants: A systematic review
Authors: Shabnam Jahan , Timm Helle , Nielsen Dorthe S. , Raunkiaer Mette 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveSouth Asian migrants have a higher burden of life-threatening diseases and chronic diseases compared to other ethnic groups. Yet, knowledge gaps remain around their palliative care needs in the host countries. The aim of the review was to present results from a systematic literature review of available international evidence on experiences with and perspectives on palliative care among older South Asian migrants, relatives, and healthcare providers.MethodsA systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines was conducted in February 2018, searching PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and EMBASE databases. PROSPERO #CRD42018093464. Studies included empirical research, providing international evidence on experiences and perspectives on palliative care of South Asian migrants and were published between 2000 and 2018. Thematic synthesis was used to analyze data.ResultsA total of 30 articles were included: qualitative (24), quantitative (5), and mixed methods (1). Three main themes were discovered: 1) palliative care practice within the family, 2) trust as a precondition of palliative care, and 3) the importance of knowledge and cultural competency. All the themes, to a greater or lesser extent, are related to access to and use of palliative care services by South Asian migrant families.Significance of resultsInvolvement of family members in palliative care decision making could improve the satisfaction of South Asian migrant families toward the service. For example, Advanced Care Planning involving family members could be a possible way to engage family members in palliative care decision making. Supportive interventions, e.g. providing knowledge, aimed at patients and their family members might improve knowledge and increase awareness among South Asian migrant families of palliative care. Knowledge gained from this review could be implemented with other ethnic minority groups.
Editing the firstJournal of World History: global history from inside the kitchen
Authors: Goldin Marcovich Gabriela , Markovits Rahul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article offers the first study of theCahiers d’Histoire Mondiale, theJournal of World Historypublished under the auspices of UNESCO from 1953 to 1972 as a by-product of the ‘History of mankind’ project. Drawing on material in the UNESCO archives, it delves into what Lucien Febvre, the first editor of theCahiers, called his ‘kitchen’, in order to understand world history as a practice. Data on author origin and article subject matter point to the journal’s mitigated success in overcoming Eurocentrism. The article ultimately contends that theCahierswas at once a laboratory that experimented with new forms of relational history, and a forum where the very nature of world history was discussed by scholars from around the world (mainly from the West, but also from the East and the South). It suggests that today’s epistemological discussion on global history might benefit from the reflection offered by this now largely forgotten experiment.
A compact four-port UWB MIMO antenna with connected ground and wide axial ratio bandwidth
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Lee Gwan Hui , Kim Dong Hwi , Mohyuddin Wahab , Choi Hyun Chul , Kim Kang Wook 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new design method of an ultra-wideband circularly-polarized planar multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of four unit cell antennas, being comprised of a microstrip feed line and a square slotted ground plane. In the proposed unit cell design, a circular stub is protruded from the ground plane strip for achieving circular polarization. The unit cell of the MIMO antenna is optimized by adjusting design parameters. The compact four-port MIMO antenna prototype is designed on the FR4 substrate with the overall dimensions of 45 × 45 × 1.6 mm3. The proposed four-port MIMO antenna design provides an impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) of 112% (3.1–11 GHz) and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 36% (4.8–6.9 GHz). The performance of the fabricated MIMO antenna shows good agreement between the EM simulation and measurement results.
The Seismically Active Lobate Scarps and Coseismic Lunar Boulder Avalanches Triggered by 3 January 1975 (MW 4.1) Shallow Moonquake
Authors: Kumar P. Senthil , Mohanty Rupali , Lakshmi K. Jaya Prasanna , Raghukanth S. T. G. , Dabhu Anjali C. , Rajasekhar R. P. , Menon Rajeev 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOn 3 January 1975, the largest shallow moonquake (MW 4.1) occurred at Laue impact crater on the Moon. The fault responsible for the moonquake and origins of coseismic boulder avalanches are unknown. Our study reveals a set of previously unreported, seismically active, young lobate scarps near the epicenter. In addition, hundreds of boulder falls are observed on the interior walls of two impact craters on either side of the lobate scarps. The varying preservation levels and crater size‐frequency distributions of impact craters superimposed on the boulder falls indicate their episodic origins at 1.6 Ma and during the 1975 shallow moonquake. Our ground motion simulations confirm that the MW 4.1 moonquake along the lobate scarp at 1‐ to 5‐km focal depths produced strong ground shaking that triggered the boulder avalanches. Also, the fault slip along the Lorentz basin wall beneath the Laue crater floor produced the lobate scarps and the shallow moonquakes.
Noxa mitochondrial targeting domain induces necrosis via VDAC2 and mitochondrial catastrophe
Authors: Han Ji-Hye , Park Junghee , Myung Seung-Hyun , Lee Sung Hang , Kim Hwa-Young , Kim Kyung Sook , Seo Young-Woo , Kim Tae-Hyoung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNoxa, a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only protein of the Bcl-2 family, is responsive to cell stresses and triggers apoptosis by binding the prosurvival Bcl-2-like proteins Mcl1, BclXL, and Bcl2A1. Although the Noxa BH3 domain is necessary to induce apoptosis, the mitochondrial targeting domain (MTD) of Noxa functions as a pronecrotic domain, an inducer of mitochondrial fragmentation, and delivery to mitochondria. In this study, we demonstrate that the extended MTD (eMTD) peptide induces necrotic cell death by interaction with the VDAC2 protein. The eMTD peptide penetrates the cell membrane, causing cell membrane blebbing, cytosolic calcium influx, and mitochondrial swelling, fragmentation, and ROS generation. The MTD domain binds VDACs and opens the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in a CypD-independent manner. The opening of mPTP induced by eMTD is inhibited either by down-regulation of VDAC2 or by the VDACs inhibitor DIDS. These results indicate that the MTD domain of Noxa causes mitochondrial damage by opening mPTP through VDACs, especially VDAC2, during necrotic cell death.
A spacetime area law bound on quantum correlations
Authors: Kull Ilya , Allard Guérin Philippe , Brukner Časlav 
Published: July 2019

AbstractArea laws are a far-reaching consequence of the locality of physical interactions, and they are relevant in a range of systems, from black holes to quantum many-body systems. Typically, these laws concern the entanglement entropy or the quantum mutual information of a subsystem at a single time. However, when considering information propagating in spacetime, while carried by a physical system with local interactions, it is intuitive to expect area laws to hold for spacetime regions. In this work, we prove such a law for quantum lattice systems. We consider two agents interacting in disjoint spacetime regions with a spin-lattice system that evolves in time according to a local Hamiltonian. In their respective spacetime regions, the two agents apply quantum instruments to the spins. By considering a purification of the quantum instruments, and analyzing the quantum mutual information between the ancillas used to implement them, we obtain a spacetime area law bound on the amount of correlation between the agents’ measurement outcomes. Furthermore, this bound applies both to signaling correlations between the choice of operations on the side of one agent, and the measurement outcomes on the side of the other; as well as to the entanglement they can harvest from the spins by coupling detectors to them.
A ParDE-family toxin antitoxin system in major resistance plasmids of Enterobacteriaceae confers antibiotic and heat tolerance
Authors: Kamruzzaman Muhammad , Iredell Jonathan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractToxin-antitoxin (TA) systems were initially discovered as plasmid addiction systems on low-copy-number plasmids. Thousands of TA loci have since been identified on chromosomes, plasmids and mobile elements in bacteria and archaea with diverse roles in bacterial physiology and in maintenance of genetic elements. Here, we identified and characterised a plasmid mediated type II TA system in Enterobacteriaceae as a member of the ParDE super family. This system (hereafter, ParDEI) is distributed among IncI and IncF-type antibiotic resistance and virulence plasmids found in avian and human-source Escherichia coli and Salmonella. It is found that ParDEI is a plasmid stability and stress response module that increases tolerance of aminoglycoside, quinolone and β-lactam antibiotics in E. coli by ~100–1,000-fold, and thus to levels beyond those achievable in the course of antibiotic therapy for human infections. ParDEI also confers a clear survival advantage at 42 °C and expression of the ParEI toxin in trans induces the SOS response, inhibits cell division and promotes biofilm formation. This transmissible high-level antibiotic tolerance is likely to be an important factor in the success of the IncI and IncF plasmids which carry it and the important pathogens in which these are resident.
2D chemical evolution model: The impact of Galactic disc asymmetries on azimuthal chemical abundance variations
Authors: Spitoni E. , Cescutti G. , Minchev I. , Matteucci F. , Silva Aguirre V. , Martig M. , Bono G. , Chiappini C. 
Published: July 2019

Context. Galactic disc chemical evolution models generally ignore azimuthal surface density variation that can introduce chemical abundance azimuthal gradients. Recent observations, however, have revealed chemical abundance changes with azimuth in the gas and stellar components of both the Milky Way and external galaxies.Aims. Our aim is to quantify the effects of spiral arm density fluctuations on the azimuthal variations of the oxygen and iron abundances in disc galaxies.Methods.We developed a new 2D Galactic disc chemical evolution model that is capable of following not just radial but also azimuthal inhomogeneities.Results. The density fluctuations resulting from a Milky Way-like N-body disc formation simulation produce azimuthal variations in the oxygen abundance gradients of the order of 0.1 dex. Moreover, the azimuthal variations are more evident in the outer Galactic regions, which is in agreement with the most recent observations in external galaxies. Using a simple analytical model, we show that the largest fluctuations with azimuth result near the spiral structure co-rotation resonance where the relative speed between the spiral and gaseous disc is the slowest.Conclusion. We provide a new 2D chemical evolution model capable of following azimuthal density variations. Density fluctuations extracted from a Milky Way-like dynamical model lead to a scatter in the azimuthal variations of the oxygen abundance gradient, which is in agreement with observations in external galaxies. We interpret the presence of azimuthal scatter at all radii by the presence of multiple spiral modes moving at different pattern speeds, as found in both observations and numerical simulations.
Rotational spectroscopy of imidazole: improved rest frequencies for astrophysical searches
Authors: Giuliano B. M. , Bizzocchi L. , Pietropolli Charmet A. , Arenas B. E. , Steber A. L. , Schnell M. , Caselli P. , Harris B. J. , Pate B. H. , Guillemin J.-C. , Belloche A. 
Published: July 2019

Context. Organic ring compounds play a key role in terrestrial biochemistry, and they were also most likely pivotal ingredients in Earth’s prebiotic chemistry. The five-membered ring imidazole, c-C3N2H4, is a substructure of fundamental biological molecules such as the purine nucleobases and the amino acid histidine. An unsuccessful search for imidazole in a sample of cold-core clouds and massive star-forming regions was performed almost 40 years ago. At that time, the spectroscopic knowledge of this species was scarce: the existing laboratory study was limited to the centimetre-wave region, and the precision of the rest frequencies in the millimetre regime was not adequate.
Aims. The goal of the present work is to perform a comprehensive investigation of the rotational spectrum of imidazole in its ground vibrational state from the microwave region to the 1 mm wavelength regime.
Methods. The rotational spectrum of imidazole was recorded in selected frequency regions from 2 to 295 GHz. These intervals were covered using various broadband spectrometers developed at DESY (Hamburg) and at the University of Virginia. High-level ab initio calculations were performed to obtain reliable estimates of the quartic and sextic centrifugal distortion constants. We used the EMoCA imaging spectral line survey to search for imidazole towards the hot molecular core Sgr B2(N2).
Results. About 700 rotational transitions spanning a J interval from 0 to 59 and Kc interval from 0 to 30 were analysed using the Watson S-reduced Hamiltonian. These new data allowed the determination of a much extended set of spectroscopic parameters for imidazole in its vibrational ground state. The improved spectral data allow us to set an upper limit to the column density of imidazole in Sgr B2(N2). Its non-detection implies that it is at least 3400 times less abundant than ethyl cyanide in this source.
Conclusions. With the new set of spectroscopic constants, it has been possible to compute reliable rest frequencies at millimetre wavelengths. We suggest a search for imidazole towards TMC-1, where the aromatic molecule benzonitrile was recently detected.
3C 294 revisited: Deep Large Binocular Telescope AO NIR images and optical spectroscopy
Authors: Heidt J. , Quirrenbach A. , Hoyer N. , Thompson D. , Pramskiy A. , Agapito G. , Esposito S. , Gredel R. , Miller D. , Pinna E. , Puglisi A. , Rossi F. , Seifert W. , Taylor G. 
Published: July 2019

Context. High redshift radio galaxies are among the most massive galaxies at their redshift, are often found at the center of protoclusters of galaxies, and are expected to evolve into the present day massive central cluster galaxies. Thus they are a useful tool to explore structure formation in the young Universe.
Aims. 3C 294 is a powerful FR II type radio galaxy at z = 1.786. Past studies have identified a clumpy structure, possibly indicative of a merging system, as well as tentative evidence that 3C 294 hosts a dual active galactic nucleus (AGN). Due to its proximity to a bright star, it has been subject to various adaptive optics imaging studies.
Methods. In order to distinguish between the various scenarios for 3C 294, we performed deep, high-resolution adaptive optics near-infrared imaging and optical spectroscopy of 3C 294 with the Large Binocular Telescope.
Results. We resolve the 3C 294 system into three distinct components separated by a few tenths of an arcsecond on our images. One is compact, the other two are extended, and all appear to be non-stellar. The nature of each component is unclear. The two extended components could be a galaxy with an internal absorption feature, a galaxy merger, or two galaxies at different redshifts. We can now uniquely associate the radio source of 3C 294 with one of the extended components. Based on our spectroscopy, we determined a redshift of z = 1.784 ± 0.001, which is similar to the one previously cited. In addition we found a previously unreported emission line at λ6749.4 Å in our spectra. It is not clear that it originates from 3C 294. It could be the Ne [IV] doublet λ2424/2426 Å at z = 1.783, or belong to the compact component at a redshift of z ∼ 4.56. We thus cannot unambiguously determine whether 3C 294 hosts a dual AGN or a projected pair of AGNs.
Lebensstilintervention aha!2.0 zur Reduktion von modifizierbaren Risikofaktoren des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 bei Risikopersonen: Eine Longitudinalstudie im Hausarztsetting in Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Binder Sebastian , Püschner Franziska , Bertram Nick , Weber Valeria , Amelung Volker Eric , Göhl Martin , Petersen Carsten 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Lebensstilveränderungen können das Risiko, an Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 zu erkranken, senken. Das evaluierte aha!2.0-Programm („ab heute anders!“) fokussiert einerseits auf die Erkennung des Diabetes-mellitus-Typ-2-Risikos und anderseits auf die Modifizierung des Lebensstils zur Reduktion bekannter Risikofaktoren. Ziel von aha!2.0 war es deshalb, zunächst die Punktprävalenz der teilnehmenden Personen mit einem sehr hohen Diabetes-mellitus-Typ-2-Risiko in Schleswig-Holstein zum Zeitpunkt des Studienbeginns mittels FINDRISK zu schätzen. Des Weiteren wurde die Entwicklung der relevanten Endpunkte Körpergewicht, Taillenumfang und Body Mass Index untersucht.
Methodik Die Studie wurde zwischen dem 01.07.2014 und dem 31.12.2016 in einem einarmigen longitudinalen Studiendesign und 15-monatigem Follow-up (davon 12 Wochen Intervention) mit insgesamt fünf Kontrollzeitpunkten (t–1 bis t3) durchgeführt. Die Rekrutierung der Studienteilnehmer erfolgte in Hausarztpraxen in Schleswig-Holstein. Es wurden gesetzlich Versicherte ab 18 Jahren eingeschlossen, die eine erkennbare abdominelle Adipositas und/oder eine relevante Familienanamnese und/oder einen bewegungsarmen Lebensstil aufwiesen. Die Intervention bestand zum einen aus dem FINDRISK-Test (Modul 1), der das Zehn-Jahres-Risiko, an Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 zu erkranken, mittels eines Scores abschätzt, und zum anderen aus der Lebensstilintervention selbst (Modul 2). Aufbauend auf einem Arzt-Versicherten-Gespräch erhielten Teilnehmer das aha!-Startset, bestehend aus einer Chip-Liste©, einem Ernährungs- und Bewegungstagebuch, einem Trainingsband mit Übungsposter und einem Maßband zur Messung des Taillenumfangs.
Ergebnisse Die Punktprävalenz für Personen mit einem sehr hohen Risiko (50 % laut FINDRISK), in den nächsten zehn Jahren an Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 zu erkranken, lag bei 12,2 % [95 %-CI: 10,3, 14,5] in der Population von in Hausarztpraxen in Schleswig-Holstein rekrutierten Personen mit einem hausärztlich vermuteten Diabetes-mellitus-Typ-2-Risiko. Die 205 Teilnehmer, die das Programm über den 15-monatigen Follow-up-Zeitraum durchliefen, konnten ihr Körpergewicht um 4,5 kg [CI-95 %: –5,6, –3,4], ihren Taillenumfang um –5,7 cm [95 %-CI: –6,5, –4,7] und ihren Body Mass Index um 1,6 kg/m² [95 %-CI: –2,0, –1,2] senken.
Schlussfolgerung aha!2.0 erwies sich in Schleswig-Holstein als implementierbar. Teilnehmer konnten modifizierbare Risikofaktoren für Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 im 15-monatigen Follow-up reduzieren. Von 205 der ursprünglich 935 Teilnehmer (21,9 %) konnten zum letzten Follow-up Daten ausgewertet werden. Zukünftige Studien zu Lebensstilinterventionen in Bezug auf Reduktion von verhaltensbedingten Risikofaktoren von DMT2 im Hausarztsetting sollten die Wirkung von adhärenzsteigernden Maßnahmen evaluieren.