bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for cats with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum following high-dose rate brachytherapy
Authors: Lino Mafalda , Lanore Didier , Lajoinie Mathilde , Jimenez Ana , Crouzet Franck , Queiroga Felisbina L 
Published: January 2019

Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate retrospectively the prognostic impact of variables such as sex, neuter status, breed, age, number of lesions, location and size of the tumour, tumour extension beyond the nasal planum, ulceration and lymph node status, among others, in a population of cats treated with high-dose rate brachytherapy. Methods This study reviews the outcome of 58 cats with cytologically and/or histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum, treated at the Clinic Alliance (Bordeaux, France) with high-dose rate brachytherapy from 2010–2016. The total radiation dose delivered was 30 Gy, administered in two different schedules: five fractions of 6 Gy for a period of 4 days (Tuesday–Friday) or four fractions of 7.5 Gy for a period of 3 days (Tuesday– Thursday). Data were collected from cats’ clinical records. Results Complete response was achieved in 72% (n = 36) of the cats, partial response in 24% (n = 13) and 2% (n = 1) did not respond. Median progression-free survival and overall survival times were 316 and 835 days, respectively. Conclusions and relevance Results indicated that sex ( P = 0.045), extension of the tumour from the nasal planum to the upper lip ( P = 0.015), tumour size ( P = 0.015; P = 0.001), the existence of a previous treatment ( P = 0.043) and the tumour response to high-dose rate brachytherapy ( P = 0.038; P <0.001) are prognostic factors for cats with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum following high-dose rate brachytherapy.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension in connective tissue disorders: Pathophysiology and treatment
Authors: Zanatta Elisabetta , Polito Pamela , Famoso Giulia , Larosa Maddalena , De Zorzi Elena , Scarpieri Elena , Cozzi Franco , Doria Andrea 
Published: January 2019

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious complication of connective tissue disorders (CTDs), and CTD-PAH is the second cause of PAH after the idiopathic form. PAH is characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, which can lead to right heart failure and death. About 90% of CTD-PAH cases are associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc, 74%), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD, 8%) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, 8%). CTD-PAH has also been reported, albeit rarely, in Sjögren syndrome, inflammatory idiopathic myopathies and rheumatoid arthritis. As for idiopathic PAH, the impaired production of vasoactive mediators such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin, and the increased production of vasoconstrictors and proliferative mediators such as endothelin-1, affect the vascular tone and promote vascular remodeling. Moreover, there is growing evidence suggesting that inflammation and autoimmunity may contribute to the genesis and progression of CTD-PAH, especially in SLE and MCTD patients who require an early administration of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants in order to avoid irreversible pathologic changes in pulmonary vessels. Conversely, immunosuppressive agents are ineffective in SSc-PAH, which requires a timely and aggressive treatment with specific PAH therapies (combination therapy). In this review, we summarized the current data on the pathophysiology and treatment of CTD-PAH. Impact statement Our article focuses on the pathogenesis and treatment of CTD-PAH. In the latest ESC/ESR guidelines for PAH, the authors underline that although CTD-PAH should follow the same treatment protocol as idiopathic PAH, the therapeutic approach is more complex and difficult in the former. This review throws light on several peculiar aspects of CTD-PAH and the latest findings in the pathogenesis, namely, the role of inflammation in the maladaptive right ventricle remodeling in SSc-PAH where immunosuppressants are classically believed to be ineffective. Furthermore, we discuss the major critical points in the therapy of CTD-PAH which is one of the strengths of our article. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other reviews that exclusively focus on the pathogenesis and treatment of CTD-PAH patients, with an emphasis on the more critical issues. Thus, it is our contention that our work would be of interest to the readers.
The Marriage of Risk Assessment and Significance Assessment
Authors: Bullock Veronica M. 
Published: January 2019

The results of risk assessments and significance assessments can help collecting organisations set work priorities. However, the complementary nature of the two methods, deriving from different professional traditions, means that recommended priorities may differ. The desire of cultural heritage risk analysts to include significance determinations in their workings is understandable. In the more comprehensive risk analysis systems, this inclusion depends on the quantification of changes in value due to changes in states of objects or collections, which can be difficult to deliver. Significance assessment purists reject the reduction of complex, shifting meanings to numerical values because of the apparent rigidity and certainty this implies. The purpose of this essay is to provoke discussion. Should risk assessment or significance assessment come first when decisionmaking for collections? Who has the power of veto if opinions differ? Do concepts of ‘value,’ as differentiated from significance, assist? Will professional demarcations doom the marriage of these two hopefuls?
Disaster Risk Assessment Methods and Response Plans for Cultural Heritage in Taiwan
Authors: Chien Shen-Wen , Lien Chun-Chieh , Sie Huei-Ru , Song Yi-Ting 
Published: January 2019

Precaution and preparation, as established in emergency plans, are the most effective means of disaster mitigation and heritage protection. Emergency plans should include evaluation of cultural heritage assets, including buildings, both contents and structures, as well as surroundings and landscapes. These frameworks are based on common experience and reflect viewpoints shared worldwide. However, due to regulations imposed in Taiwan, it is difficult to achieve the goal of preserving cultural and historical heritages. This project analyzes the fire risk assessment of historical architectures and develops a new fire risk assessment method, as well as improved protection recommendations for Lukang Lung–shan Temple, an important national heritage property in Taiwan. The survey techniques and assessment procedures used in this case study can also be modified and applied to all heritage buildings. This enables heritage property managers and supporting organizations to construct fire emergency preparation and damage control plans suitable to a specific case.
A Step Further in the History of Protection of Romanian Heritage
Authors: Bernath Andrea 
Published: January 2019

Museums in Romania have cared for their cultural property for a long time. In recent years, however, conservation and protection of heritage has made major step changes and is following new directions. In this context, focus is shifting from restoration of objects to preventive conservation of collections. This is an important concept change in our country which has previously considered mostly treating individual objects as the first option for improving preservation of heritage. In this regard, two important events brought to Romania were the International ICCROM Course Reducing Risk to Collections, as well as the Directions in Preventive Conservation international conference, both held in 2007 at ASTRA Museum in Sibiu. At the national level, they were meant to introduce the most recent knowledge in this field and to create a starting point for specialists to adopt or adapt new ideologies and strategies in their museums. For our museum it was a very good gantry as the case studies which were carried out during the ICCROM course clearly revealed deficiencies in the storage conditions for our collections. It also offered us a tool for expressing the urgent need of changing the past situation as well as for making possible successful application for external funds for building a new storage facility. The ASTRA Centre for Heritage has been established and is functioning as an example for many other museums in Romania.
Three laws for paperlessness
Authors: Thimbleby Harold 
Published: January 2019

We are familiar with paper and rarely think much about it, except that in healthcare there seems to be too much of it, and it is slow, inefficient, and so old. In contrast, paperlessness promises the future and freedom from paper’s obvious limitations. We need to think clearly how to ensure paperlessness really improves healthcare, hence three simple laws: 1.  Keep in sight the goal of improving healthcare. Paperlessness must be first about improving clinical processes, supporting staff and patients, not about replacing paper with new ‘solutions’. 2.  Only implement evidence-based change. Pursue paperlessness only where there is scientific evidence it is better for the real task. Successful paperlessness depends on user centred design and on quality implementation. 3.  Plan for cultural change and moving goal posts. Culture has to change to take advantage of technology, and technology is changing at pace regardless. Paperless requires planning for monitoring, improvement, revision and, eventually, obsolescence and further innovation. Pay attention to culture, including regulation, and to developing human skills to exploit new technologies.
A Comparison of Knee Abduction Angles Measured by a 3D Anatomic Coordinate System Versus Videographic Analysis: Implications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Englander Zoë A. , Cutcliffe Hattie C. , Utturkar Gangadhar M. , Garrett William E. , Spritzer Charles E. , DeFrate Louis E. 
Published: January 2019

Background: Knee positions involved in noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury have been studied via analysis of injury videos. Positions of high ACL strain have been identified in vivo. These methods have supported different hypotheses regarding the role of knee abduction in ACL injury. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare knee abduction angles measured by 2 methods: using a 3-dimensional (3D) coordinate system based on anatomic features of the bones versus simulated 2-dimensional (2D) videographic analysis. We hypothesized that knee abduction angles measured in a 2D videographic analysis would differ from those measured from 3D bone anatomic features and that videographic knee abduction angles would depend on flexion angle and on the position of the camera relative to the patient. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Models of the femur and tibia were created from magnetic resonance images of 8 healthy male participants. The models were positioned to match biplanar fluoroscopic images obtained as participants posed in lunges of varying flexion angles (FLAs). Knee abduction angle was calculated from the positioned models in 2 ways: (1) varus-valgus angle (VVA), defined as the angle between the long axis of the tibia and the femoral transepicondylar axis by use of a 3D anatomic coordinate system; and (2) coronal plane angle (CPA), defined as the angle between the long axis of the tibia and the long axis of the femur projected onto the tibial coronal plane to simulate a 2D videographic analysis. We then simulated how changing the position of the camera relative to the participant would affect knee abduction angles. Results: During flexion, when CPA was calculated from a purely anterior or posterior view of the joint—an ideal scenario for measuring knee abduction from 2D videographic analysis—CPA was significantly different from VVA ( P < .0001). CPA also varied substantially with the position of the camera relative to the participant. Conclusion: How closely CPA (derived from 2D videographic analysis) relates to VVA (derived from a 3D anatomic coordinate system) depends on FLA and camera orientation. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a novel comparison of knee abduction angles measured from 2D videographic analysis and those measured within a 3D anatomic coordinate system. Consideration of these findings is important when interpreting 2D videographic data regarding knee abduction angle in ACL injury.
Lumbar Spine Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes: A 5-Season Epidemiological Study
Authors: Hassebrock Jeffrey D. , Patel Karan A. , Makovicka Justin L. , Chung Andrew S. , Tummala Sailesh V. , Peña Austin J. , Williams Kyle E. , Hartigan David E. , Chhabra Anikar 
Published: January 2019

Background: Lumbar spine injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes have not been well studied. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of lumbar spine injuries in NCAA athletes during the 2009/2010 through 2013/2014 academic years utilizing the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP). Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A voluntary convenience sample of NCAA varsity teams from 25 sports was examined. Mechanism of injury, injury recurrence, and time lost from sport were recorded. Injury rates were calculated as the number of injuries divided by the total number of athlete-exposures (AEs). AEs were defined as any student participation in 1 NCAA-sanctioned practice or competition. Injury rate ratios and injury proportion ratios were calculated to compare the rates within and between sports by event type, season, patient sex, mechanism, injury recurrence, and time lost from sport. Comparisons between sexes were made utilizing data that had both male and female samples. Results: An estimated 50,834 lumbar spine injuries were identified. The overall rate of injuries was 2.88 per 10,000 AEs. The rate of injuries was 2.60 per 10,000 AEs in men compared with 2.89 per 10,000 AEs in women for sex-comparable sports. Women were 1.11 times more likely than men to suffer a lumbar spine injury. Women's gymnastics (8.02 injuries per 10,000 AEs) and women's tennis (5.73 injuries per 10,000 AEs) had the highest rates of lumbar spine injuries. Athletes were 1.6 and 2.4 times more likely to sustain a lumbar spine injury during the preseason than the regular season or postseason, respectively. Noncontact was the most common mechanism of injury (45%). Injury recurrence was most common in men’s outdoor track (43%). Most injuries resulted in less than 24 hours of time loss from event participation (64%). Conclusion: The rate of lumbar spine injuries was high in NCAA athletes, and injuries commonly recurred (20.73%). In general, women were more likely to sustain a lumbar spine injury compared with men. Higher injury rates occurred during competition and via a noncontact mechanism of injury. In addition to prevention programs, reconditioning programs should be considered to prevent these injuries.
Use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire to identify treatment needs in looked-after children referred to CAMHS
Authors: Wright Hannah , Wellsted David , Gratton Jacqui , Besser Sarah Jane , Midgley Nick 
Published: January 2019

Background: In England and Wales, the single-informant Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is used to assess and monitor looked-after children’s (LAC) mental health; and some targeted Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) include a minimum SDQ score in their acceptance criteria. However, its ability to identify LAC who need mental health treatment is insufficiently understood. Methods: One hundred and forty four LAC referrals to a Targeted CAMHS Team were screened as part of a larger study. To establish how well the SDQ identified children who required treatment, Total Difficulties Scores from single-informant SDQs submitted at referral were compared to treatment recommendations following routine CAMHS assessment in a real-world setting. To explain the results, clinicians ( n = 9) from the team were interviewed and key themes identified using thematic analysis. Results: AUROC analysis found that the single-informant SDQ discriminated between children who were assessed as needing a mental health intervention and those who did not with low accuracy when SDQs were completed by carers or young people themselves, and moderate accuracy for teacher-completed SDQs. Optimal cutoff scores are calculated and are lower than advised in scoring guidance. Key themes from clinician interviews identified possible gaps and limitations: Developmental trauma and attachment difficulties, A different kind of patient?, Seeing the “bad” but neglecting the sad, and The importance of clinical judgment. Conclusions: Contrary to current UK Government policy, this study suggests that the single-report SDQ should not be relied upon as a sole means of identifying mental health difficulties in this vulnerable, high-risk population.
Genetic predisposition to MDS: clinical features and clonal evolution
Authors: Kennedy Alyssa L. , Shimamura Akiko 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) typically presents in older adults with the acquisition of age-related somatic mutations, whereas MDS presenting in children and younger adults is more frequently associated with germline genetic predisposition. Germline predisposition is increasingly recognized in MDS presenting at older ages as well. Although each individual genetic disorder is rare, as a group, the genetic MDS disorders account for a significant subset of MDS in children and young adults. Because many patients lack overt syndromic features, genetic testing plays an important role in the diagnostic evaluation. This review provides an overview of syndromes associated with genetic predisposition to MDS, discusses implications for clinical evaluation and management, and explores scientific insights gleaned from the study of MDS predisposition syndromes. The effects of germline genetic context on the selective pressures driving somatic clonal evolution are explored. Elucidation of the molecular and genetic pathways driving clonal evolution may inform surveillance and risk stratification, and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Statistical methods to enable practical on-site tomographic imaging of whole-core samples
Authors: Mendoza Alberto , Roininen Lassi , Girolami Mark , Heikkinen Jere , Haario Heikki 
Published: January 2019

Statistical methods enable the use of portable industrial scanners with sparse measurements, suitable for fast on-site whole-core X-ray computed tomography (CT), as opposed to conventional (medical) devices that use dense measurements. This approach accelerates an informed first-stage general assessment of core samples. To that end, this novel industrial tomographic measurement principle is feasible for rock-sample imaging, in conjunction with suitable forms of priors in Bayesian inversion algorithms. Gaussian, Cauchy, and total variation priors yield different inversion characteristics for similar material combinations. An evaluation of the inversion performance in rock samples considers, in a discrete form, conditional mean estimators, via Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms with noise-contaminated measurements. Additionally, further assessment indicates that this statistical approach better characterizes the attenuation contrast of rock materials, compared with simultaneous iterative reconstruction techniques. Benchmarking includes X-ray CT from numerical simulations of synthetic and measurement-based whole-core samples. To this end, we consider tomographic measurements of fine- to medium-grained sandstone core samples, with igneous-rich pebbles from the Miocene, off the Shimokita Peninsula in Japan, and fractured welded tuff from Big Bend National Park, Texas. Bayesian inversion results confirm that with only 16 radiograms, natural fractures with aperture of less than 2 mm wide are detectable. Additionally, reconstructed images found approximately spherical concretions of 6 mm diameter. To achieve similar results, filtered back projection techniques require hundreds of radiograms, only possible with conventional laboratory scanners.
Addition of Chemotherapy Is Associated With Decreased Survival in Early-Stage (T1-2N0M0) Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Definitive Radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Chenyang , Kishan Amar U. , Raldow Ann , Beron Philip , Wong Deborah J. , St John Maie , Steinberg Michael L. , Chin Robert 
Published: January 2019

Purpose The role of chemoradiation (CRT) in treating patients with early-stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), especially for T2N0M0 glottic SCC with impaired vocal cord mobility, remains unexplored. We sought to evaluate the impact of CRT on survival in early-stage glottic SCC by using the SEER database. Patients and Methods We included patients with localized (T1-4N0M0) glottic SCC (N = 4,743) diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 and treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) alone, CRT, or laryngectomy alone in the SEER database. Disease-specific mortality (DSM) was evaluated via multivariable regression using a competing risk model that accounts for other-cause mortality as a competing risk event for DSM. One-to-one propensity score matching between CRT and RT cohorts was also performed to facilitate comparison of cumulative DSM and other-cause mortality incidences stratified by T stage. Results After stratification by T stage, CRT was associated with increased DSM in T1-2N0M0 glottic SCC (adjusted hazard ratios [AHRs], 4.222 and 2.260 for T1 and T2 disease, respectively; P < .001 for both). For T2N0M0 glottic SCC with and without impaired vocal cord mobility, CRT resulted in significantly increased DSM compared with RT alone in both cohorts (AHR, 2.084; P = .046 and AHR, 2.412; P < .001, respectively). After propensity score matching, cumulative incidence plots demonstrated a statistically significant increase in DSM associated with CRT compared with RT alone for both T1 and T2 glottic SCC ( P < .001 and P = .003, respectively). Conclusion CRT for T1-2N0M0 glottic SCC was associated with increased DSM compared with RT alone. This pattern persisted upon further stratification on the basis of vocal cord mobility status for T2N0M0 glottic SCC. This finding warrants careful consideration of chemotherapy in early-stage glottic SCC.
El nexo entre migración, seguridad y derechos humanos en la política migratoria de Argentina (1990-2015)
Authors: Pereira Andrés 
Published: January 2019

Uno de los cambios más relevantes en la forma en que son comprendidas y tratadas las migraciones internacionales, en particular la “inmigración limítrofe”, en el marco de las políticas migratorias en Argentina es la adopción de discursos, prácticas y políticas humanitarias a través de las que se reformulan las maneras en que los migrantes son construidos como una cuestión vinculada a la seguridad. Sujetos considerados como víctimas/vulnerables, a los cuales hay que proteger y garantizar sus derechos humanos, e convierten en imágenes cada vez más usuales y estas conviven al mismo tiempo con formas de comprender las migraciones como una amenaza o riesgo para la seguridad. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprender el nexo entre migración, seguridad y derechos humanos que se ha desarrollado en el campo de las políticas migratorias de Argentina en el período 1990-2015, analizando los discursos y prácticas de los actores relevantes en el campo de las políticas migratorias.