bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОЇ ФОРМИ В НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ПРОЦЕС НА ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОМУ ЕТАПІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЛІКАРІВ-ІНТЕРНІВ ДО СКЛАДАННЯ ЛІЦЕНЗІЙНОГО ІСПИТУ “КРОК-3. СТОМАТОЛОГІЯ”: РЕАЛІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Sichkoris O. E. , Pupin T. I. , Minko L. Yu. , Kolach T. S. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – впровадження дистанційної форми в навчальний процес лікарів-інтернів як складової підготовки до складання ліцензійного іспиту “Крок-3. Стоматологія”, оцінка переваг та недоліків.Основна частина. До курсу ДН “КРОК-3. Стоматологія” на програмній платформі “Модус” [http://misa.meduniv.lviv.ua/] залучено 145 лікарів-інтернів першого року навчання, котрі проходили очну частину інтернатури на ФПДО ЛНМУ імені Данила Галицького. Аналіз результатів трьох блоків вказує на зниження середнього відсотка успішності на фоні підвищення середньої кількості пропущених претестувань в Блоках ІІ та ІІІ порівняно з Блоком І. Так, на кінець Блоку ІІ ДН середній відсоток успішності знизився на 9,71 %, на кінець Блоку ІІІ – на 32,58 % порівняно з Блоком І, при зростанні середньої кількості пропущених претестувань у Блоці ІІ – у майже 2,5 раза та у Блоці ІІІ – у 3,17 раза порівняно з підготовкою на очному циклі інтернатури. Встановлено вірогідний зворотний кореляційний зв’язок між середньою кількістю пропущених претестувань та результатами “КРОК-3” (r= - 0,14 при р<0,05) і прямий кореляційний зв’язок між середнім відсотком підготовки за три блоки ДН та результатами “КРОК-3” (r=0,23 при р<0,05). Аналіз проведених трьох блоків ДН лікарів-інтернів, що склали та не склали “КРОК-3. Стоматологія”, вказує на достовірну різницю між показниками як середньої кількості пропущених тестових тренувань – нижче в 1,2 раза в осіб, що склали іспит (р<0,01), порівняно з тими, хто не склав, так і вищого в 1,32 раза середнього відсотка успішності на тестових тренуваннях відповідно (р<0,0001).Висновки. Запровадження ДН дозволило лікарям-інтернам проходити претестування в зручний для них час з обов’язковим контролем хронометражу часу та можливістю ревізії власних помилок; викладачам здійснювати контроль за підготовкою до “КРОК-3” дистанційно й забезпечити безперервність підготовки до ліцензійного іспиту. Водночас, згідно з аналізом проведеного дослідження, ДН не може бути самостійною формою в підготовці до “КРОК-3. Стоматологія”, оскільки вимагає високого рівня самодисципліни лікаря-інтерна, проте як інтегрований курс дозволяє виявити та сформувати групу ризику на підставі аналізу даних середньої кількості пропущених претестувань та середнього відсотка успішності, особливо на етапі заочної форми інтернатури.
A preliminary report of clinical experience in managing patients with sepsis and septic shock in emergency medicine ward
Authors: Li Chun Kit , Wong Oi Fung , Ko Shing , Ma Hing Man , Lit Chau Hung Albert 
Published: June 2018

Background:Sepsis and septic shock are common causes of hospital admission, morbidity, and mortality, posing a significant burden on the health‐care systems.Objective:The objective of this study was to report the clinical experience of management and outcomes of sepsis patients in the emergency medical ward of a community hospital. The risk factors associated with adverse outcomes of sepsis patients were also analyzed.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with sepsis or septic shock managed in the emergency medical ward of North Lantau Hospital from 1 March 2015 to 31 March 2017. Their characteristics, clinical outcomes, risk factors associated with in‐hospital mortality, 28‐day mortality, and prolonged hospital stay (>14 days) were analyzed.Results:A total of 68 eligible patients met the inclusion criteria during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 73 (standard deviation, 16.7; range, 34–100) years. The mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score of all the cases was 4.5 (standard deviation, 2.4); range, 2–11). The most common source of infection was pneumonia (50%). During the stay in the emergency medical ward, 35 cases (49%) required vasopressor support for management of septic shock, and 12 cases required non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) support. Five patients were eventually transferred to tertiary hospital (Princess Margaret Hospital) for further management. There were five in‐hospital mortality cases and two 28‐day mortality cases. From the univariate analysis, factors associated with in‐hospital mortality included Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score >6 (p < 0.000), increasing number of organ dysfunction (p < 0.000), presence of chronic liver disease (p = 0.025), respiratory dysfunction during admission (p = 0.028); factors associated with 28‐day mortality were advanced age (p < 0.000), increasing number of organ dysfunction (p = 0.033), presence of congestive heart failure (p = 0.004), and the presence of cancer (p = 0.034); factors associated with prolonged hospital stay were advanced age, presence of chronic obstructive airway disease (p = 0.003), advanced age (p = 0.041), and the use of NIV support (p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, weak associations between in‐hospital mortality and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score >6 (p = 0.226) and increased number of organ dysfunction (p = 0.108) were demonstrated; there was a trend of prolonged length of stay with increased age (p = 0.139).Conclusion:Our experience and knowledge in managing sepsis patients in the emergency medical ward with implementation of critical care bed services increased significantly. These preliminary results demonstrated that, with appropriate patient selection, sepsis patients can be safely managed in the emergency medical ward. Further study with larger sample size is needed to identify risk factors of adverse outcomes in this group of patients managed in the emergency medical ward.
A contested terrain: Re/conceptualising the well-being of homeworkers
Authors: Naz Farah , Bögenhold Dieter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDisenchantment with traditional income-based measures of well-being has led to the search for alternative measures. Two major alternative measures of well-being come from subjective well-being research and the objective capability approach. The capability approach has been largely discussed in the context of development studies and economics and is mainly used within quantitative frameworks, but it also raises many questions that are worthy of discussion from a sociological perspective as well. This study opts for a qualitative approach to transpose capability approach in order to assess the well-being of female homeworkers in the football industry of Pakistan. The aim of this empirical research is to focus on the capabilities of homeworkers in accessing economic, individual, social and psychological aspects of well-being.
Growing spaces: an evaluation of the mental health recovery programme using mixed methods
Authors: Howarth Michelle , Rogers Michaela , Withnell Neil , McQuarrie Cath 
Published: June 2018

Background Therapeutic horticulture is a nature-based method that includes a range of green activities, such as gardening, to promote wellbeing. It is believed that therapeutic horticulture provides a person-centred approach that can reduce social isolation for people with mental health problems. Aims The aim of the project was to evaluate the impact of a mental health recovery programme that used therapeutic horticulture as an intervention to reduce social inclusion and improve engagement for people with mental health problems. Methods A mixed-methods approach was used and data from four semi-structured focus group interviews, 11 exit interviews and 20 ‘recovery star' datasets were collected from September 2015 to October 2017. Qualitative data from the interviews were thematically analysed, and quantitative data based on a recovery star outcomes tool were analysed using descriptive statistics to demonstrate trends and progression. The findings were then triangulated to provide a rich picture of the impact of the mental health recovery programme. Results The recovery star data indicated that participants were working towards self-reliance. Qualitative data from the exit interview and semi-structured focus groups found similar results. The triangulated findings highlight that the mental health recovery programme enabled participant integration into the community through providing a space to grow and build self-confidence while re-engaging with society. The results suggest that using therapeutic horticulture as an intervention within the mental health recovery programme can support people with mental health problems to re-engage socially. Nature-based activities could be used within the ‘social prescribing’ movement to encourage partnership working between the NHS and voluntary sector organisations which can complement existing mental health services. Conclusion The use of therapeutic horticulture as an intervention within a mental health recovery programme can support people with mental health problems to re-engage with the community and is integral to the rehabilitation process. The mental health recovery programme should be promoted within the social prescribing movement as an evidence-based opportunity to support people in the community.
Potential important roles and signaling mechanisms of YPEL4 in pulmonary diseases
Authors: Truong Lillian , Zheng Yun‐Min , Song Tengyao , Tang Yi , Wang Yong‐Xiao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundHuman Yippee‐like‐4 (YPEL4) is a member of the YPEL gene family. This family has been characterized as the first highly conserved family of genes coding for proteins that contain putative zinc‐finger‐like metal‐binding domains, known as the Yippee domain. The YPEL family proteins are located at the centrosome adjacent to the nucleolus during interphase and mitotic apparatus during mitosis. Due to its subcellular localization, it is believed that YPEL4 may have an important role in the cell cycle and proliferation. Recent studies have shown the involvement of YPEL4 in biological processes such as the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway and adrenal cell proliferation. Research on YPEL4 up to date also suggests that YPEL4 is a very important player in pulmonary diseases.ConclusionsYPEL4 may regulate the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway to mediate adrenal cell proliferation; this molecule is also likely to be a very important player in pulmonary diseases. Although the function of YPEL4 is largely unknown, further research may substantiate the functional importance and underlying molecular processes in pulmonary and other diseases that would allow YPEL4 to become a therapeutic target.
The impact of modifiable risk factor reduction on childhood asthma development
Authors: Abreo Andrew , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Stone Cosby A. , Hartert Tina V. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChildhood asthma is responsible for significant morbidity and health care expenditures in the United States. The incidence of asthma is greatest in early childhood, and the prevalence is projected to continue rising in the absence of prevention and intervention measures. The prevention of asthma will likely require a multifaceted intervention strategy; however, few randomized controlled trials have assessed such approaches. The purpose of this review was to use previous meta‐analyses to identify the most impactful risk factors for asthma development and evaluate the effect of risk factor reduction on future childhood asthma prevalence. Common and modifiable risk factors with large effects included acute viral respiratory infections, antibiotic use, birth by cesarean section, nutritional disorders (overweight, obesity), second hand smoke exposure, allergen sensitization, breastfeeding, and sufficient prenatal vitamin D level. Evaluation and estimates of risk factor modification on populations at risk should guide scientists and policymakers toward high impact areas that are apt for additional study and intervention.
A retrospective cohort study to compare post-injury admissions for infectious diseases in burn patients, non-burn trauma patients and uninjured people
Authors: Duke Janine M. , Randall Sean M. , Boyd James H. , Fear Mark W. , Rea Suzanne , Wood Fiona M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Injury triggers a range of systemic effects including inflammation and immune responses. This study aimed to compare infectious disease admissions after burn and other types of injury using linked hospital admissions data.

Methods
A retrospective longitudinal study using linked health data of all patients admitted with burns in Western Australia (n = 30,997), 1980–2012, and age and gender frequency matched cohorts of people with non-burn trauma (n = 28,647) and no injury admissions (n = 123,399). Analyses included direct standardisation, negative binomial regression and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
Annual age-standardised infectious disease admission rates were highest for the burn cohort, followed by the non-burn trauma and uninjured cohorts. Age-standardised admission rates by decade showed different patterns across major categories of infectious diseases, with the lower respiratory and skin and soft tissue infections the most common for those with burns and other open trauma. Compared with the uninjured, those with burns had twice the admission rate for infectious disease after discharge (incident rate ratio (IRR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.04, 1.98–2.11) while non-burn trauma experienced 1.74 times higher rates (95%CI: 1.68–1.81). The burn cohort experienced 10% higher rates of first-time admissions after discharge when compared with the non-burn trauma (hazard ratio (HR), 95%CI: 1.10, 1.05–1.15). Compared with the uninjured cohort, incident admissions were highest during the first 30 days after discharge for burns (HR, 95%CI: 5.18, 4.15–6.48) and non-burn trauma (HR, 95%CI: 5.06, 4.03–6.34). While incident rates remained high over the study period, the magnitude decreased with increasing time from discharge: burn vs uninjured: HR, 95%CI: 30 days to 1 year: 1.69, 1.53–1.87; 1 to 10 years: 1.40, 1.33–1.47; 10 years to end of study period: 1.16, 1.08–1.24; non-burn trauma vs uninjured: HR, 95%CI: 30 days to 1 year: 1.71, 1.55–1.90; 1 to 10 years: 1.30, 1.24–1.37; 10 years to end of study period: 1.09, 1.03–1.17).

Conclusions
Burns and non-burn trauma patients had higher admission rates for infectious diseases compared with age and gender matched uninjured people. The pattern of annual admission rates for major categories of infectious diseases varied across injury groups. Overall, the burn cohort experienced the highest rates for digestive, lower respiratory and skin and soft tissue infections. These results suggest long-term vulnerability to infectious disease after injury, possibly related to long-term immune dysfunction.
An ethical relationship with pharma
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sarmishtha , Benbow Susan Mary 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARYThis brief article reflects on the relationship between psychiatrists and pharmaceutical companies (pharma), which continues to generate debate and concerns. We suggest that psychiatrists should consider both the biomedical ethical principles and how values guide actions and clinical decision-making in their dealings with pharma. In addition, the Royal College of Psychiatrists should err towards eschewing influences that might be regarded by others as distorting its position, and individual psychiatrists should declare interests that others might regard as competing/conflicting in order to maintain the trust of patients and the public.DECLARATION OF INTERESTS.M.B. practises as an independent systemic psychotherapist. Both authors have undertaken various roles within the Royal College of Psychiatrists and S.B. is involved in recruiting patients for clinical trials.
Parity of esteem: evaluating inequalities in older adult healthcare
Authors: Ashcroft James , Thomas Gareth 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARYAddressing inequalities between mental and physical healthcare in older adult healthcare is imperative for safe patient care. This evaluation of services at The Harbour mental health hospital, Blackpool, UK gives insight into parity of esteem and prompts investigation into the clinical decisions of doctors working in older adult mental healthcare.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
Hobbit regulates intracellular trafficking to drive insulin-dependent growth duringDrosophiladevelopment
Authors: Neuman Sarah D. , Bashirullah Arash 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTAll animals must coordinate growth rate and timing of maturation to reach the appropriate final size. Here, we describe hobbit, a novel and conserved gene identified in a forward genetic screen for Drosophila animals with small body size. hobbit is highly conserved throughout eukaryotes, but its function remains unknown. We demonstrate that hobbit mutant animals have systemic growth defects because they fail to secrete insulin. Other regulated secretion events also fail in hobbit mutant animals, including mucin-like ‘glue’ protein secretion from the larval salivary glands. hobbit mutant salivary glands produce glue-containing secretory granules that are reduced in size. Importantly, secretory granules in hobbit mutant cells lack essential membrane fusion machinery required for exocytosis, including Synaptotagmin 1 and the SNARE SNAP-24. These membrane fusion proteins instead accumulate inside enlarged late endosomes. Surprisingly, however, the Hobbit protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results suggest that Hobbit regulates a novel step in intracellular trafficking of membrane fusion proteins. Our studies also suggest that genetic control of body size, as a measure of insulin secretion, is a sensitive functional readout of the secretory machinery.
Areca nut extract demonstrated apoptosis-inducing mechanism by increased caspase-3 activities on oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sari Liza Meutia , Subita Gus Permana , Auerkari Elza Ibrahim 
Published: June 2018

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a neoplasm of keratinocyte cells of oral mucosa epithelium that can potentially spread through lymphatic tissue or blood vessel. Although areca nut is one of the plants with risk of inducing that cancer, areca nut is believed to have high antioxidant properties. Due to the current interest in the apoptosis effects from areca nut for oral cancer treatment, we investigated its ability to induce apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in oral cancer cell lines: HSC-2 and HSC-3. Methods: We examined the effect of areca nut on apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells. Flow cytometry was conducted for the quantification of the cells that were apoptotic and expressing the caspase-3 enzyme for 24 and 48 hours. Results: Areca nut induced a significant increase (p<0.01) in late apoptosis of HSC-2 cells and mostly occurred over 48 hours. The study also found that in HSC-3, there were significant increases (p<0.01) the percentage of cells in early apoptosis after 24 hours and late apoptosis at 48 hours. Caspase-3 activity increased after 24 and 48 hours of areca nut exposure in both cells. Conclusions: The study showed that areca nut could be considered as a potential anticancer agent through its capability in inducing a caspase-dependent apoptosis.
A cross-sectional study of the use and effectiveness of the Individual Development Plan among doctoral students
Authors: Vanderford Nathan L. , Evans Teresa M. , Weiss L. Todd , Bira Lindsay , Beltran-Gastelum Jazmin 
Published: June 2018

Background: The Individual Development Plan (IDP) was introduced as a tool to aid in career planning for doctoral trainees. Despite the National Institutes of Health and academic institutions creating policies that mandate the use of IDPs, little information exists regarding the actual use and effectiveness of the career planning tool. Methods: We conducted a multi-institutional, online survey to measure IDP use and effectiveness. The survey was distributed to potential respondents via social media and direct email. IDP survey questions were formatted using a five-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree). For data analysis purposes, responses were grouped into two categories (agree versus does not agree/disagree). The data were summarized as one-way frequencies and the Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance. Results: Usage of the IDP among doctoral students was low and the tool produces minimal effectiveness with regard to the perception of whether it is helpful to one’s career development. Further, our data suggests that the IDP is most effective when doctoral students complete the tool with faculty mentors with whom they have a positive relationship. Respondents who are confident about completing their doctoral training and their post-training career plans, and who take advantage of career development resources at their institution are also more likely to perceive that the IDP is useful for their career development. Conclusion: Given the nuanced use and effectiveness of the IDP, we call for more research to determine why IDP use and effectiveness is low, exactly how IDPs are being used, and whether there are unintended negative consequences created through the use of the tool. Furthermore, we recommend an enhancement of career development infrastructure that would include mentorship training for faculty in order to provide substantially more career planning support to doctoral trainees.
What is ‘religious experience’ in Schleiermacher’s Dogmatics, and why does it matter?
Authors: Dole Andrew 
Published: June 2018

Schleiermacher is often credited with elevating the notion of ‘religious experience’ to prominence in theology and the study of religion. But his position on religious experience is poorly understood, largely because he is typically read through the lens of his later appropriators. In this essay I make a set of claims about what ‘religious experience’ amounts to in Schleiermacher’s mature dogmatics, The Christian Faith (or Glaubenslehre). What is noteworthy about Schleiermacher’s position is its calculated coherence with religious naturalism, understood as the position that religious phenomena have natural causes. I then argue that Schleiermacher’s understanding of religious experience is actually promising for contemporary discussions– partly because it allows for productive conversation with religious naturalists, and partly in virtue of the utility of Schleiermacher’s claim regarding the kind of religious experience at the heart of Christian religious identity.
Transformada wavelet na análise do efeito da terapia LED sobre a atividade do músculo masseter em mulheres com disfunção temporomandibular
Authors: Costa Davidson Ribeiro , Costa David Ribeiro , Pacetti Giovanni Arnaldo , Nicolau Renata Amadei 
Published: June 2018

AIMS: To present the wavelet transform as an alternative tool in the evaluation of the masseter muscle electrical activity in women with temporomandibular disorder after therapy with Light Emitting Diode (LED).METHODS: Five volunteers with temporomandibular disorder underwent four sessions of LED therapy. Electromyography of the masseter muscle was performed bilaterally before and after treatment. For analysing the electromyographic signals, the wavelet transform was applied in the Morlet function. RESULTS: In the scalogram, a decrease in the activation of the high-frequency fibers in the rest protocol and its increase in the isometric movement protocol were observed. In the analysis based on the RGB color system, we observed that in the right masseter muscle resting protocol, the moments of maximum energy intensities were reduced by 82% for frequencies of 256-512 Hz and by 42% for frequencies above 512 Hz. In the left masseter muscle the reduction was 42% in the frequency band of 256-512 Hz.CONCLUSIONS: Analysis by the wavelet transform allowed identification of physiological factors related not only to the activation of the masseter muscle, but also to the intensity and time / frequency relationship, as well as the main types of fibers activated during the protocols before and after LED therapy in patients with dysfunction temporomandibular.