bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photometric redshift galaxies as tracers of the filamentary network
Authors: Kruuse M. , Tempel E. , Kipper R. , Stoica R. S. 
Published: April 2019

Context.Galaxy filaments are the dominant feature in the overall structure of the cosmic web. The study of the filamentary web is an important aspect in understanding galaxy evolution and the evolution of matter in the Universe. A map of the filamentary structure is an adequate probe of the web.Aims.We propose that photometric redshift galaxies are significantly positively associated with the filamentary structure detected from the spatial distribution of spectroscopic redshift galaxies. The long-term aim is to use the photometric galaxies in addition to spectroscopic galaxies to create a more detailed and far-reaching map of the filamentary structure.Methods.The catalogues of spectroscopic and photometric galaxies are seen as point-process realisations in a sphere, and the catalogue of filamentary spines is proposed to be a realisation of a random set in a sphere. The positive association between these sets was studied using a bivariateJ-function, which is a summary statistics studying clustering. A quotientDwas built to estimate the distance distribution of the filamentary spine to galaxies in comparison to the distance distribution of the filamentary spine to random points in 3-dimensional Euclidean space. This measure also gives a physical distance scale to the distances between filamentary spines and the studied sets of galaxies. In the 3-dimensional case, galaxies and random points are described as line of sights following through their positions on the sphere.Results.The bivariateJ-function shows a statistically significant clustering effect in between filamentary spines and photometric redshift galaxies. The quotientDconfirms the previous result that smaller distances exist with higher probability between the photometric galaxies and filaments. The trend of smaller distances between the objects grows stronger at higher redshift. Additionally, the quotientDfor photometric galaxies gives a rough estimate for the filamentary spine width of about 1 Mpc.Conclusions.Photometric redshift galaxies are positively associated with filamentary spines detected from the spatial distribution of spectroscopic galaxies. In addition to the spatial distribution of spectroscopic galaxies, the information embedded in the photometric galaxies could contribute greatly to the detection of cosmic web structures.
An extensive grid of DARWIN models for M-type AGB stars
Authors: Bladh S. , Liljegren S. , Höfner S. , Aringer B. , Marigo P. 
Published: April 2019

Context. The stellar winds of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are commonly attributed to radiation pressure on dust grains, formed in the wake of shock waves that arise in the stellar atmospheres. The mass loss due to these outflows is substantial, and modelling the dynamical properties of the winds is essential both for studies of individual stars and for understanding the evolution of stellar populations with low to intermediate mass.
Aims. The purpose of this work is to present an extensive grid of dynamical atmosphere and wind models for M-type AGB stars, covering a wide range of relevant stellar parameters.
Methods. We used the DARWIN code, which includes frequency-dependent radiation-hydrodynamics and a time-dependent description of dust condensation and evaporation, to simulate the dynamical atmosphere. The wind-driving mechanism is photon scattering on submicron-sized Mg2SiO4 grains. The grid consists of ~4000 models, with luminosities from L⋆ = 890 L⊙ to L⋆ = 40 000 L⊙ and effective temperatures from 2200 to 3400 K. For the first time different current stellar masses are explored with M-type DARWIN models, ranging from 0.75 M⊙ to 3 M⊙. The modelling results are radial atmospheric structures, dynamical properties such as mass-loss rates and wind velocities, and dust properties (e.g. grain sizes, dust-to-gas ratios, and degree of condensed Si).
Results. We find that the mass-loss rates of the models correlate strongly with luminosity. They also correlate with the ratio L*∕M*: increasing L*∕M* by an order of magnitude increases the mass-loss rates by about three orders of magnitude, which may naturally create a superwind regime in evolution models. There is, however, no discernible trend of mass-loss rate with effective temperature, in contrast to what is found for C-type AGB stars. We also find that the mass-loss rates level off at luminosities higher than ~14 000 L⊙, and consequently at pulsation periods longer than ~800 days. The final grain radii range from 0.25 to 0.6 μm. The amount of condensed Si is typically between 10 and 40%, with gas-to-dust mass ratios between 500 and 4000.
Strain Ultrasound Elastography of Muscles in Healthy Children and Healthy Adults
Authors: Wenz Helena , Dieckmann Andrea , Lehmann Thomas , Brandl Ulrich , Mentzel Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2019

Purpose Standardized application and evaluation of the strain ultrasound elastography method (USE) by means of a strain color scale (SCS) and a strain ratio analysis. To determine differences in muscle elasticity in healthy children and adults.
Materials and Methods Initially Mm. biceps brachii, Mm. recti femoris and Mm. gastrocnemii of 22 healthy adults were examined before and after exercise. Secondly measurements were obtained at rest in 21 healthy children.
Results There was a difference in muscle elasticity between the upper and lower extremity. Muscle elasticity tends to be higher after exercise in healthy adults. SCS and strain ratio analysis show a similar trend. In comparison to adults, healthy children show lower muscle elasticity at rest using both analysis methods.
Conclusion Strain elastography is an easy to perform, cost-effective, non-invasive method to determine muscle stiffness, if the conditions of standardized measurements are given.
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Babesiosis in Pregnancy: An Imitator of HELLP Syndrome
Authors: Khangura Raminder , Williams Nayo , Cooper Shontreal , Prabulos Anne- Marie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) is a serious pregnancy complication that can cause significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. There are several conditions that may occur in pregnancy that may imitate the laboratory findings and clinical presentation of HELLP syndrome. Babesiosis is a parasitic imitator of HELLP syndrome that can be spread by the tick, transfusions, or congenitally. Recognition and treatment of this condition is important to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes.
Accelerated Immunodeficiency-associated Vaccine-derived Poliovirus Serotype 3 Sequence Evolution Rate in an 11-week-old Boy With X-linked Agammaglobulinemia and Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure
Authors: Jallow Sabelle , Wilmshurst Jo M , Howard Wayne , Copelyn Julie , Seakamela Lerato , Chan Koon-Wing , Sebunya Robert , Sibiya Rosinah , Du Plessis Heleen , Jacobs Charlene , Berkowitz Natacha , Blumberg Lucille , McCarthy Kerrigan , Maseti Elizabeth , Kamupira Mercy , Dlamini Nonhlanhla , Gumede Nicksy , Diop Ousmane M , Lau Yu Lung , Moonsamy Shelina , Eley Brian , Suchard Melinda 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies are risk factors for the generation of vaccine-derived polioviruses. We report immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus serotype 3 in an 11-week-old boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Unique characteristics of this case include early age of presentation, high viral evolutionary rate, and the child’s perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus.
Reconciling Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Response in Antimicrobial Treatment of Chronic Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections
Authors: Waters Valerie J , Kidd Timothy J , Canton Rafael , Ekkelenkamp Miquel B , Johansen Helle Krogh , LiPuma John J , Bell Scott C , Elborn J Stuart , Flume Patrick A , VanDevanter Donald R , Gilligan Peter ,   Antimicrobial Resistance International Working Group in Cystic Fibrosis, Bullington Wendy , Burgel Pierre-Regis , Byrnes Catherine , Drevinek Pavel , Holmes Alison , Kahl Barbara , Maples Holly , Martiniano Stacey , McColley Susanna , Morris Andrew , Muhlebach Marianne , Parkins Michael , Ratjen Felix , Roberts Jason , Saiman Lisa , Shah Anand , Smyth Alan , Somayaji Ranjani , Taccetti Giovanni , Tunney Michael , Winthrop Kevin , Zemanick Edith 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMedian cystic fibrosis (CF) survival has increased dramatically over time due to several factors, including greater availability and use of antimicrobial therapies. During the progression of CF lung disease, however, the emergence of multidrug antimicrobial resistance can limit treatment effectiveness, threatening patient longevity. Current planktonic-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing lacks the ability to predict clinical response to antimicrobial treatment of chronic CF lung infections. There are numerous reasons for these limitations including bacterial phenotypic and genotypic diversity, polymicrobial interactions, and impaired antibiotic efficacy within the CF lung environment. The parallels to other chronic diseases such as non-CF bronchiectasis are discussed as well as research priorities for moving forward.
A ruptured penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the ascending aorta: a case report of an endovascular repair with extending the length of the aortic coverage by debranching the innominate artery
Authors: Chenesseau Josephine , Barral Pierre-Antoine , Piquet Philippe , Gaudry Marine 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
An endovascular approach to the management of a ruptured plaque in the ascending aorta may be an alternative to open surgery in high-risk patients. This option may become inevitable due to the number of elderly patients unfit for open cardiac surgery. There are very few stent grafts able to fit the ascending aorta and in emergency cases, most medical teams have been limited to current thoracic aortic endografts, the shortest of which measure 10 cm.

Case summary
We report a case of an endovascular repair of a ruptured penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the ascending aorta. The patient was considered for open cardiac surgery but was evaluated at a high mortality risk based on his age, his medical history, and significant calcifications on his aorta. Our vascular surgical team decided then to perform an endovascular repair with extending the length of the aortic coverage by debranching the innominate artery.

Discussion
Endovascular treatment of an acute ruptured aorta is feasible in high-risk patients with thoracic endovascular stent grafts and coverage of the innominate artery. Endovascular treatment of the ascending aorta is at its infancy and in need of further research. New stent grafts designed for the ascending aorta are in progress and should increase the numbers of interventions in the years to come.
EuroGTP II: a tool to assess risk, safety and efficacy of substances of human origin
Authors: Trias Esteve , Lomas Richard , Tabera Jaime , Piteira A Rita , Tilleman Kelly , Casaroli-Marano Ricardo P , Chandrasekar Akila ,   EuroGTP II Study Group
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A systematic methodology, able to assess risk and predict clinical safety and efficacy of Substances of Human Origin’ (SoHO) has been developed. The model consists of a risk based approach taking into account factors such as novelty of the product, preparation process, clinical indication, and its technical complexity.
Microcirculatory Free Flap Failure With Patent Anastomosis Salvaged by In Situ Thrombolysis in Vulnerable Phase Burn
Authors: Coeugniet Edouard , Al Yafi Mohamed Nazhat , Lafrance Dominique , Danino Michel Alain , Soulez Gilles , Nguyen Quynh , Harris Patrick 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Free flap reconstruction in acute burns has high failure rates, relating mainly to a systemic inflammatory state. The “vulnerable phase” can last for 6 weeks after burn and can cause thrombosis of the flap microcirculation with patent arterial and venous anastomoses. Revision surgery alone may be unsuccessful, but thrombolysis can lead to flap salvage. We describe a case of successful flap salvage with thrombolysis after unsuccessful revision surgery by permeable arterial and venous anastomoses in a patient in the acute burn phase suffering from microcirculatory thrombosis. Thrombolysis in these cases has not been described to date, but it could contribute to salvaging flaps by radiological intervention alone. A 23-year-old man was admitted with a 38% TBSA burn, including loss of all eyelid skin. The right eye was reconstructed in a satisfactory manner, but the left eye required urgent corneal coverage on day 32 with a dorsalis pedis fasciocutaneous free flap. The flap was hypo-perfused postoperatively, but anastomoses were found to be permeable on exploration. Angiography performed postoperatively after revision confirmed anastomotic patency, but failed to demonstrate small vessel beds within the flap. Thus, r-tPa was given at the anastomosis site and immediately the flap recovered completely. However, a total of 10 packed red blood cell transfusions were needed over the next 9 days. Thrombolysis in the context of free flap microvascular compromise may improve the overall success rates, especially in acute-phase burn patients where this etiology may be found, due to a vulnerable inflammatory period.
On the Possibility of Informative Equilibria in Futures Markets with Feedback
Authors: Lieli Robert P , Nieto-Barthaburu Augusto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe study the existence of equilibria and the information content of prices in futures markets where the probability of future payoffs can be altered by an intervening agent who acts in response to the market price, hence creating a feedback effect. We focus on the market with the simplest possible structure: traders betting on the occurrence of a future event by buying or selling Arrow-Debreu securities (one dollar claims contingent on a binary outcome). We find that in the presence of feedback: (i) a rational expectations equilibrium may not exist; (ii) the market price may decline in response to information that is ex-ante more favorable to the occurrence of the underlying event; (iii) an equilibrium that reveals no information may obtain. Thus, feedback from an intervening agent materially alters the way in which price responds to information, and potentially undermines the viability of the market itself.
Early Prediction of Prognosis in Elderly Acute Stroke Patients
Authors: Bautista Alexander F. , Lenhardt Rainer , Yang Dongsheng , Yu Changhong , Heine Michael F. , Mascha Edward J. , Heine Cate , Neyer Thomas M. , Remmel Kerri , Akca Ozan 
Published: April 2019

Objectives:
Acute stroke has a high morbidity and mortality in elderly population. Baseline confounding illnesses, initial clinical examination, and basic laboratory tests may impact prognostics. In this study, we aimed to establish a model for predicting in-hospital mortality based on clinical data available within 12 hours of hospital admission in elderly (≥ 65 age) patients who experienced stroke.

Design:
Retrospective observational cohort study.

Setting:
Academic comprehensive stroke center.

Patients:
Elderly acute stroke patients—2005–2009 (n = 462), 2010–2012 (n = 122), and 2016–2017 (n = 123).

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively queried elderly stroke patients’ data from 2005 to 2009 (training dataset) to build a model to predict mortality. We designed a multivariable logistic regression model as a function of baseline severity of illness and laboratory tests, developed a nomogram, and applied it to patients from 2010 to 2012. Due to updated guidelines in 2013, we revalidated our model (2016–2017). The final model included stroke type (intracerebral hemorrhage vs ischemic stroke: odds ratio [95% CI] of 0.92 [0.50–1.68] and subarachnoid hemorrhage vs ischemic stroke: 1.0 [0.40–2.49]), year (1.01 [0.66–1.53]), age (1.78 [1.20–2.65] per 10 yr), smoking (8.0 [2.4–26.7]), mean arterial pressure less than 60 mm Hg (3.08 [1.67–5.67]), Glasgow Coma Scale (0.73 [0.66–0.80] per 1 point increment), WBC less than 11 K (0.31 [0.16–0.60]), creatinine (1.76 [1.17–2.64] for 2 vs 1), congestive heart failure (2.49 [1.06–5.82]), and warfarin (2.29 [1.17–4.47]). In summary, age, smoking, congestive heart failure, warfarin use, Glasgow Coma Scale, mean arterial pressure less than 60 mm Hg, admission WBC, and creatinine levels were independently associated with mortality in our training cohort. The model had internal area under the curve of 0.83 (0.79–0.89) after adjustment for over-fitting, indicating excellent discrimination. When applied to the test data from 2010 to 2012, the nomogram accurately predicted mortality with area under the curve of 0.79 (0.71–0.87) and scaled Brier’s score of 0.17. Revalidation of the same model in the recent dataset from 2016 to 2017 confirmed accurate prediction with area under the curve of 0.83 (0.75–0.91) and scaled Brier’s score of 0.27.

Conclusions:
Baseline medical problems, clinical severity, and basic laboratory tests available within the first 12 hours of admission provided strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in elderly acute stroke patients. Our nomogram may guide interventions to improve acute care of stroke.
Glomerular Filtration Rate Is a Major Predictor of Clearance of Oxcarbazepine Active Metabolite in Adult Chinese Epileptic Patients: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis
Authors: Lin Wei-Wei , Wang Chang-Lian , Jiao Zheng , Yu Xiao-Li , Zhang Jin , Zhang Wen-Bin , Lin Rong-Fang , Lin Shen , Lin Xin-Hua 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Oxcarbazepine (OXC) is almost completely metabolized to its10-monohydroxy derivative (MHD), which is responsible for the pharmacological effects of the drug. Several studies have described the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of MHD in pediatric patients, but little is known about its pharmacokinetics in adult patients. In addition, no study to date has proposed a model to investigate the influence of genetic polymorphisms on MHD pharmacokinetics. The aim of this study was to establish a PPK model of MHD to investigate the effects of genetic polymorphisms in UGT2B7, UGT1A9, ABCB1, and ABCB2 in adult Chinese patients with epilepsy and to develop a new dosage guideline for OXC.

Methods:
Data were prospectively collected from 187 adult patients with epilepsy who were taking OXC. MHD trough concentrations were detected by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay. Patients were genotyped for 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (UGT2B7 802T>C, UGT1A9 I399C>T, ABCB1 3435C>T, and ABCB2 1249G>A). Other covariates included sex, age, body weight (BW), hepato-renal function, and concomitant medications. Data were analyzed using the nonlinear mixed effects modelling software.

Results:
The apparent clearance (CL) of MHD was significantly influenced by glomerular filtration rate and BW, and was unrelated to other covariates such as genetic polymorphisms and coadministration with levetiracetam, lamotrigine, and topiramate. Moreover, a new dosage guideline was proposed based on the final model to individualize OXC regimens for adult patients with varying BW and renal function.

Conclusions:
Glomerular filtration rate was first found as an important covariate influencing MHD CL. A PPK model was established to estimate the individual MHD CL for adult patients taking OXC and may be applied for individualizing doses in the target population.
Changes in Physical Performance and Their Association With Health-Related Quality of Life in a Mixed Nonischemic Cardiac Population That Participates in Rehabilitation
Authors: Tang Lars Hermann , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe , Doherty Patrick , Oldridge Neil , Berg Selina Kikkenborg , Christensen Jan 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves physical performance and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, whether improvements in physical performance are associated with changes in HRQoL has not been adequately investigated in a nonischemic cardiac population.

Methods:
Patients who were ablated for atrial fibrillation, who underwent heart valve surgery or who were treated for infective endocarditis, and who participated in 1 of 3 randomized controlled rehabilitation trials were eligible for the current study. Change in physical performance and HRQoL were measured before and after a 12-wk exercise intervention. Physical performance was assessed using a cardiopulmonary exercise test, a 6-min walk test, and a sit-to-stand test. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the generic 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and the disease-specific HeartQoL questionnaire. Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) and linear regressions quantified the association between changes in physical outcome measures and changes in HRQoL.

Results:
A total of 344 patients were included (mean age: 60.8 ± 11.6 yr and 77% males). Associations between changes in physical outcome measures and HRQoL ranged from very weak to weak (ρ = −0.056 to 0.228). The observed associations were more dominant within physical dimensions of the HRQoL compared with mental or emotional dimensions. After adjusting for sex, age, and diagnosis, changes in physical performance explained no more than 20% of the variation in the HRQoL.

Conclusion:
The findings show that the positive improvement in HRQoL from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation cannot simply be explained by an improvement in physical performance.
Does toe clipping for genotyping interfere with later-in-life nociception in mice?
Authors: Frezel Noémie , Kratzer Gilles , Verzar Philipp , Bürki Jérôme , Weber Fabienne A. , Zeilhofer Hanns Ulrich 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Genetically modified mice are widely used in studies on human and animal physiology and pharmacology, including pain research. The experimental design usually includes comparisons of genetically modified mice with wild-type littermates, requiring biopsy material for genotyping and methods for unequivocal identification of individual mice. Ethical standards and, in some countries, legislation require that both needs are reached with a single procedure. Clipping of the most distal phalanx of up to two toes per paw (toe clipping) is the favored procedure in most research fields, but it may be problematic in sensory physiology and pain research.

Objectives:
To systematically investigate whether toe-clipping influences later-in-life nociceptive sensitivity or the susceptibility to neuropathic or inflammatory hyperalgesia.

Methods:
We tested in male mice whether the clipping of 2 toes of a hind paw influences nociceptive sensitivities to noxious heat or cold, or to mechanical stimulation under baseline conditions, after peripheral nerve injury (chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve) or during peripheral inflammation induced by subcutaneous zymosan A injection. We tested not only for the presence of significant differences but also specifically addressed bioequivalence using the 2 one-sided t test procedure. We chose a threshold of 25% variation of the control value for nonequivalence, which is usually taken as a threshold for biological relevance in pain tests.

Results:
Using this value, we found that for all conditions (non-neuropathic and non-inflamed, neuropathic and inflamed), nociceptive sensitivities significantly fell within the equivalence bounds of the non–toe-clipped control mice.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that toe clipping does not have long-term effects on nociceptive sensitivities and does not alter the susceptibility of male mice to neuropathic or inflammatory hyperalgesia.