bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From personal narrative to global call for action
Authors: Mustafa Balsam 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper examines personal narratives and how they change according to the context in which they are narrated. In particular, it argues that personal narratives change as they are mediated by various discourses, genres and modes, as well as by the peculiarities that emerge when speaking and writing in different languages and when undertaking translation. It uses a case-study approach to analyse the different narratives told by Islamic State’s Yezidi female survivor, and United Nations Goodwill ambassador, Nadia Murad, in different contexts in 2014 and in2015. In 2014, when two Western mass media outlets interviewed Murad, her narrative was compacted and less detailed. This shifted in December2015when Murad testified about her ordeal before the Security Council. Mediated by the discourse of the latter and by the genre of testimony, Murad’s narrative became more detailed, and transformed from a description of a personal suffering into a call for action.
Moving music for moving source texts
Authors: Naranjo Sánchez Beatriz 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBased on previous findings about the role of music as an emotional stimulus, as well as the potential benefits of music-driven emotional engagement in written production and creative behaviour, the present study investigates the impact of emotional background music on translation quality and creativity. A translation experiment in two different conditions (music vs. silence) was conducted in a controlled environment. Participants translated two literary texts of opposing emotional contents (happy vs. sad) while they listened to an emotionally-matching soundtrack. Statistical analysis of within- and between-group comparisons only revealed conclusive results for the sad condition, showing a positive effect of sad music on translation creativity and a negative effect on accuracy.
Sociology: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Bruce Steve 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Drawing on studies of social class, crime and deviance, education, work in bureaucracies, and changes in religious and political organizations, Sociology: A Very Short Introduction explores the tension between the individual’s place in society and society’s role in shaping the individual, and demonstrates the value of sociology for understanding the modern world. It outlines the unique vision of sociology and shows that much social theory is actually philosophy or literary theory. It discusses the continuing arguments for social egalitarianism, considering issues such as gay marriage, women in combat roles, and the 2010 Equality Act to debunk contemporary arguments against parity, and looks at the likely consequences for society as gender divisions are increasingly questioned.
Causes and consequences
Authors: Bruce Steve 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
One of the ways that sociology differs from common sense is in challenging the image of ourselves as authors of our own thoughts and actions. If there is to be any explanation of human behaviour, there must be regular patterns to life and those regularities will be partly caused by forces outside our control and cognition. ‘Causes and consequences’ explains that if we wish to understand what people are doing and why, we must be interested in their motives and intentions, in how they see the world. But if we wish to understand why the world is as it is, we need to be concerned with unintended and unanticipated consequences.
Epidemiology of Diabetic Foot Infection in the Metro-Detroit Area With a Focus on Independent Predictors for Pathogens Resistant to Recommended Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Henig Oryan , Pogue Jason M , Cha Raymond , Kilgore Paul E , Hayat Umar , Ja’ara Mahmoud , Ali Raza Muhamad , Mahboob Salman , Pansare Rahul , Deeds Kathryn , Joarder Bushra , Kandala Hyndavi , Dhar Sorabh , Kaye Keith S 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
The polymicrobial nature of diabetic foot infection (DFI) and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance have complicated DFI treatment. Current treatment guidelines for deep DFI recommend coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and susceptible Enterobacteriaceae. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of DFI and to identify predictors for DFI associated with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and pathogens resistant to recommended treatment (PRRT).

Methods
Adult patients admitted to Detroit Medical Center from January 2012 to December 2015 with DFI and positive cultures were included. Demographics, comorbidities, microbiological history, sepsis severity, and antimicrobial use within 3 months before DFI were obtained retrospectively. DFI-PRRT was defined as a DFI associated with a pathogen resistant to both vancomycin and ceftriaxone. DFI-MDRO pathogens included MRSA in addition to PRRT.

Results
Six-hundred forty-eight unique patients were included, with a mean age of 58.4 ± 13.7 years. DFI-MDRO accounted for 364 (56%) of the cohort, and 194 (30%) patients had DFI-PRRT. Independent predictors for DFI-PRRT included history of PRRT in a diabetic foot ulcer, antimicrobial exposure in the prior 90 days, peripheral vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Long-term care facility residence was independently associated with DFI due to ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and recent hospitalization was an independent predictor of DFI due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.

Conclusions
An unexpectedly high prevalence of DFI-PRRT pathogens was identified. History of the same pathogen in a prior diabetic foot ulcer and recent antimicrobial exposure were independent predictors of DFI-PRRT and should be considered when selecting empiric DFI therapy.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 2: The Lateral Frontal Lobe
Authors: Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Briggs Robert G , Conner Andrew K , Glenn Chad A , Morgan Jake P , Stafford Jordan , Sali Goksel , McCoy Tressie M , Battiste James D , O’Donoghue Daniel L , Sughrue Michael E 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
In this supplement, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 2, we specifically address regions relevant to the lateral frontal lobe.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 5: The Insula and Opercular Cortex
Authors: Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Briggs Robert G , Conner Andrew K , Glenn Chad A , Robbins Justin M , Sheets John R , Sali Goksel , McCoy Tressie M , Battiste James D , O’Donoghue Daniel L , Sughrue Michael E 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
In this supplement, we build on work previously published under the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 5, we specifically address regions relevant to the insula and opercular cortex.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 9: The Occipital Lobe
Authors: Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Briggs Robert G , Stafford Jordan , Conner Andrew K , Glenn Chad A , Sali Goksel , McCoy Tressie M , Battiste James D , O’Donoghue Daniel L , Sughrue Michael E 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
In this supplement, we build on work previously published under the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, we seek to show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 9, we specifically address regions relevant to the occipital lobe and the visual system.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 10: Tractographic Description of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus
Authors: Conner Andrew K , Briggs Robert G , Rahimi Meherzad , Sali Goksel , Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Glenn Chad A , Battiste James D , Sughrue Michael E 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
The superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate white matter complex (SLF/AC) is the largest and most complex white matter tract of the human cerebrum with multiple inter-linked connections encompassing multiple cognitive functions such as language, attention, memory, emotion, and visuospatial function. However, little is known regarding the overall connectivity of this complex. Recently, the Human Connectome Project parcellated the human cortex into 180 distinct regions. Utilizing diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the SLF/AC in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 15: Tractographic Description of the Uncinate Fasciculus
Authors: Briggs Robert G , Rahimi Meherzad , Conner Andrew K , Sali Goksel , Baker Cordell M , Burks Joshua D , Glenn Chad A , Battiste James D , Sughrue Michael E 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
In this supplement, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In this chapter, we specifically address the regions integrating to form the uncinate fasciculus.
Police Cybercrime Training: Perceptions, Pedagogy, and Policy
Authors: Cockcroft Tom , Shan-A-Khuda Mohammad , Schreuders Z Cliffe , Trevorrow Pip 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Cybercrime presents numerous issues for police organizations. A key challenge is to understand how best to impart relevant skills and knowledge about cybercrime throughout the organization to enable police officers to react appropriately to such incidents. This article is drawn from research undertaken as part of the CARI Project, a major study into the effectiveness of cybercrime investigation within a large UK police force funded by the Police Knowledge Fund. As part of the needs assessment for the above project, concerns were raised about the effectiveness of existing training arrangements in facilitating the development of cyber skills within police officers. The present research, based on survey data, explored the effectiveness of different training styles as perceived by those who had undertaken cyber training. The research found that officers perceived some modes of training as more effective than others and highlighted some of the organizational contexts that impact negatively on the delivery of effective cyber training. The findings are presented within a context, informed by existing literature, that acknowledges wider debates surrounding the pedagogy of police learning and the organizational challenges of developing cyber skills within police officers. The authors believe that the findings will have relevance to police training policy both in the UK and in the wider international context.
New applications of sonoelastography in rheumatology: where are we now?
Authors: Martins-Rocha Teresa , Azzolin Irene , Serban Teodora , Massazza Giuseppe , Iagnocco Annamaria 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Ultrasound elastography (UE) is a non-invasive imaging method that allows the assessment of tissue elastic property. Different UE techniques are currently available (i.e. strain UE and acoustic radiation force impulse UE), with several potential clinical applications. Recent studies investigated the role of UE in two systemic rheumatic diseases and psoriasis. This research added interesting information to the already known applications of UE in the assessment of tendinopathies. In SS, acoustic radiation force impulse UE has shown a potential role in the diagnosis of the disease, with lower sensitivity than and similar specificity to salivary gland histology. In SSc, a potential use of UE in screening pre-clinical disease has been reported. In psoriasis, the use of strain UE in evaluating treatment response has been highlighted. UE is a promising tool in rheumatology, with a potential role in the evaluation of various tissues and pathologies.
Overachieving Municipalities in Public Health: A Machine-learning Approach
Authors: Chiavegatto Filho Alexandre Dias Porto , dos Santos Hellen Geremias , do Nascimento Carla Ferreira , Massa Kaio , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Identifying successful public health ideas and practices is a difficult challenge towing to the presence of complex baseline characteristics that can affect health outcomes. We propose the use of machine learning algorithms to predict life expectancy at birth, and then compare health-related characteristics of the under- and overachievers (i.e., municipalities that have a worse and better outcome than predicted, respectively).

Methods:
Our outcome was life expectancy at birth for Brazilian municipalities, and we used as predictors 60 local characteristics that are not directly controlled by public health officials (e.g., socioeconomic factors).

Results:
The highest predictive performance was achieved by an ensemble of machine learning algorithms (cross-validated mean squared error of 0.168), including a 35% gain in comparison with standard decision trees. Overachievers presented better results regarding primary health care, such as higher coverage of the massive multidisciplinary program Family Health Strategy. On the other hand, underachievers performed more cesarean deliveries and mammographies and had more life-support health equipment.

Conclusions:
The findings suggest that analyzing the predicted value of a health outcome may bring insights about good public health practices.
The Association Between Childhood Leukemia and Population Mixing
Authors: Berrie Laurie , Ellison George T.H. , Norman Paul D. , Baxter Paul D. , Feltbower Richard G. , Tennant Peter W.G. , Gilthorpe Mark S. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Studies investigating the population-mixing hypothesis in childhood leukemia principally use two analytical approaches: (1) nonrandom selection of areas according to specific characteristics, followed by comparisons of their incidence of childhood leukemia with that expected based on the national average; and (2) regression analyses of region-wide data to identify characteristics associated with the incidence of childhood leukemia. These approaches have generated contradictory results. We compare these approaches using observed and simulated data.

Methods:
We generated 10,000 simulated regions using the correlation structure and distributions from a United Kingdom dataset. We simulated cases using a Poisson distribution with the incidence rate set to the national average assuming the null hypothesis that only population size drives the number of cases. Selection of areas within each simulated region was based on characteristics considered responsible for elevated infection rates (population density and inward migration) and/or elevated leukemia rates. We calculated effect estimates for 10,000 simulations and compared results to corresponding observed data analyses.

Results:
When the selection of areas for analysis is based on apparent clusters of childhood leukemia, biased assessments occur; the estimated 5-year incidence of childhood leukemia ranged between zero and eight per 10,000 children in contrast to the simulated two cases per 10,000 children, similar to the observed data. Performing analyses on region-wide data avoids these biases.

Conclusions:
Studies using nonrandom selection to investigate the association between childhood leukemia and population mixing are likely to have generated biased findings. Future studies can avoid such bias using a region-wide analytical strategy. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B431.
Testing Differential Associations Between Smoking and Chronic Disease Across Socioeconomic Groups
Authors: de Mestral Carlos , Bell Steven , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Batty G. David 
Published: September 2018

Background:
For the same quantity of cigarettes smoked, relative to more affluent people, socioeconomically disadvantaged people have higher levels of smoking biomarkers. This may be ascribed to inhaling cigarette smoke more deeply and more frequently and/or choosing higher tar-containing brands. We investigated whether this increased tobacco load, as captured using cotinine measurements, is associated with a greater risk of mortality in lower social groups.

Methods:
We used Cox proportional hazards models stratified by socioeconomic position to calculate hazard ratios in a pooled sample of 15 English and Scottish prospective cohort studies (N = 81,476).

Results:
During a mean (SD) follow-up of 10.3 (4.4) years, 8234 deaths occurred. Risk of total mortality (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval) for smokers relative to never-smokers in the high (2.5; 2.1, 3.1), intermediate (2.1; 1.8, 2.4), and low (2.0; 1.9, 2.2) educational groups did not differ markedly (P for interaction=0.61). Similar findings emerged when using cause-specific outcomes and occupational social class and housing tenure as socioeconomic indices.

Conclusion:
Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no indication that chronic disease mortality associated with smoking was higher in disadvantaged people.
The Impact of Nurses' Uniforms on Nurse-Patient Interactions
Authors: Tam Wai Yi , Ng Deborah Li Li , Kowitlawakul Yanika 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to explore patients' perceptions toward the nursing uniforms used in a hospital in Singapore and how different uniforms impact nurse-patient interactions.

BACKGROUND
Nursing uniforms act as a form of nonverbal communication. However, implications of the increasing variety of nursing uniforms on patients' perceptions of nurses and nurse-patient interactions are unexplored.

METHODS
An exploratory qualitative study design using semistructured interviews was adopted for the study. Twenty-one patients agreed to be interviewed. An audio recorder was used during data collection. The thematic analysis method was used for data analysis.

RESULTS
Four major themes were identified: identity, subjectivity, suitability, and inconsequential. Nurses' uniform was regarded as a representation of identity. Suitability of the uniform for nurses was a main concern for patients. However, nurses' uniforms were inconsequential to nurse-patient interactions.

CONCLUSION
Patients' perceptions of nurses' uniforms were highly subjective and have no substantial impact on nurse-patient interactions.
V-Mart, a Virtual Reality Grocery Store
Authors: Levy Charles E. , Miller David M. , Akande Christiana A. , Lok Benjamin , Marsiske Michael , Halan Shivahankar 
Published: September 2018

Objective
This study examined the potential usability, relevance, and acceptability of V-Mart, a virtual reality grocery store as an assessment and intervention tool for veterans with mild traumatic brain injury.

Design
Six focus groups were conducted for a 2-yr period to assess perceptions from the following three key stakeholders: therapists, veterans with neither mild traumatic brain injury nor posttraumatic stress disorder, and veterans with mild traumatic brain injury with or without posttraumatic stress disorder (mild traumatic brain injury/posttraumatic stress disorder). The System Usability Scale was applied as an objective measure of usability. Transcripts from the six focus groups were subjected to thematic analyses using the constant, comparative method.

Results
The focus groups indicated that V-Mart was perceived as highly usable, relevant, and acceptable. Early technical problems were resolved satisfactorily. Therapists indicated that they would use an application such as V-Mart if it were available. The veterans with neither mild traumatic brain injury nor posttraumatic stress disorder felt that it was realistic and likely to be useful, as did the veterans with mild traumatic brain injury/posttraumatic stress disorder. The System Usability Scale mean follow-up scores ranged from 71.4 to 86.0, surpassing the threshold for acceptable usability in health care settings.

Conclusions
Focus group and System Usability Scale data indicate that the V-Mart has great potential as an assessment tool and intervention for veterans with mild traumatic brain injury/posttraumatic stress disorder. Further development and clinical trials are warranted.
Metformin induces lipogenic differentiation in myofibroblasts to reverse mouse and human lung fibrosis
Authors: Kheirollahi Vahid , Wasnick Roxana M. , Biasin Valentina , Vazquez-Armendariz Ana Ivonne , Chu Xuran , Moiseenko Alena , Weiss Astrid , Wilhelm Jochen , Zhang Jin-San , Kwapiszewska Grazyna , Herold Susanne , Schermuly Ralph T. , Seeger Werner , Günther Andreas , Bellusci Saverio , Agha Elie El 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal, incurable lung disease in which the intricate alveolar network of the human lung is progressively replaced by fibrotic scars, eventually leading to respiratory failure. Myofibroblasts are the effector cells that lead to abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and therefore mediate fibrotic disease not only in the lung but also in other organs. Emerging literature suggests a correlation between fibrosis and metabolic alterations in IPF. In this study, we show that the first-line antidiabetic drug, metformin, exerts potent antifibrotic effects in the lung by modulating metabolic pathways, inhibiting TGFβ1 action, suppressing collagen formation, activating PPARγ signaling and inducing lipogenic differentiation in lung myofibroblasts derived from human patients. Using genetic lineage tracing in a murine model of lung fibrosis, we show that metformin alters the fate of myofibroblasts and accelerates fibrosis resolution by inducing myofibroblast-tolipofibroblast transdifferentiation. Detailed pathway analysis showed that the reduction of collagen synthesis was largely AMPK-dependent, whereas the transdifferentiation of myo- to lipofibroblasts occurred in a BMP2-PPARγ-dependent fashion and was largely AMPK-independent. Our data report an unprecedented role for metformin in lung fibrosis, thus warranting further therapeutic evaluation.
Thesaurus: quantifying phosphoprotein positional isomers
Authors: Searle Brian C. , Lawrence Robert T. , MacCoss Michael J. , Villén Judit 
Published: September 2018

AbstractProteins can be phosphorylated at neighboring sites resulting in different functional states, and studying the regulation of these sites has been challenging. Here we present Thesaurus, a search engine that detects new positional isomers using site-specific fragment ions from parallel reaction monitoring and data independent acquisition mass spectrometry experiments. We apply Thesaurus to analyze phosphorylation events in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and show neighboring sites with distinct quantitative profiles, indicating regulation by different kinases.