bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Screening and Treatment Program for the Prevention of Fractures in Older Women: A Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Merlijn Thomas , Swart Karin MA , van Schoor Natasja M , Heymans Martijn W , van der Zwaard Babette C , van der Heijden Amber A , Rutters Femke , Lips Paul , van der Horst Henriëtte E , Niemeijer Christy , Netelenbos J Coen , Elders Petra JM 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Population screening for fracture risk may reduce the fracture incidence. In this randomized pragmatic trial, the SALT Osteoporosis Study (SOS), we studied whether screening for fracture risk and subsequent treatment in primary care can reduce fractures compared with usual care. A total of 11,032 women aged 65 to 90 years with ≥1 clinical risk factor for fractures were individually randomized to screening (n = 5575) or usual care (n = 5457). Participants in the screening group underwent a screening program, including bone densitometry and vertebral fracture assessment. Participants with a high 10-year fracture probability (FRAX) or a vertebral fracture were offered treatment with anti-osteoporosis medication by their general practitioner. Incident fractures as reported by questionnaires were verified with medical records. Follow-up was completed by 94% of the participants (mean follow-up = 3.7 years). Of the 5575 participants in the screening group, 1417 (25.4%) had an indication for anti-osteoporosis medication. Screening and subsequent treatment had no statistically significant effect on the primary outcome fracture (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–1.08), nor on the secondary outcomes osteoporotic fractures (HR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.81–1.03), major osteoporotic fractures (HR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.80–1.04), hip fractures (HR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.71–1.15), falls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91; 95% CI 0.72–1.15), or mortality (HR = 1.03; 95% CI 0.91–1.17). Post hoc explorative finding suggested that screening might be most effective after a recent fracture (HR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.44–0.96 for major osteoporotic fractures and HR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.79 for hip fractures). The results of this study might have been compromised by nonparticipation and medication nonadherence in the screening group. Overall, this study does not provide sufficient indications to consider screening for fracture prevention. However, we cannot exclude its clinical relevance to reduce (major) osteoporotic fractures and hip fractures because of the relatively small number of women with a treatment indication in the intervention group. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aerobic training induces differential expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissues
Authors: de Souza Cordeiro Letícia Maria , Mario Érica Guilhen , Moreira Carolina Campos Lima , Rodrigues Angélica Heringer , Wanner Samuel Penna , Soares Danusa Dias , Botion Leida Maria , Ferreira Adaliene Versiani Matos 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAerobic training induces adaptive responses in skeletal muscles and white adipose tissues, thus facilitating lipid utilization as energy substrates during a physical exercise session. However, the effects of training on cytokines levels and on transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism in muscle and different white adipose depots are still unclear; therefore, these were the aims of the present study. Nineteen adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a trained group or a control, non‐trained group. The 10‐week training protocol consisted of running on a treadmill, during 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, at 75% of maximum aerobic speed. As expected, trained rats improved their aerobic performance and had augmented citrate synthase activity in the soleus, while the control rats did not. Although body weight was not different between groups, the adiposity index and white adipose depots (ie, epididymal and retroperitoneal) were reduced in trained rats. Training reduced serum concentration of insulin, but failed to change serum concentrations of glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and nonesterified fatty acids. Training increased sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1c expression in the gastrocnemius and epididymal adipose tissue, and reduced peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression in most of the tissues analyzed. The expression of PPARα and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 increased in the gastrocnemius and mesenteric adipose tissue but reduced in epididymal adipose tissue. Triacylglycerol content and tribbles 3 expression reduced in the gastrocnemius of trained rats. Tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐6 were increased in all adipose depots evaluated. Collectively, our data indicate that the 10‐week aerobic training changed gene expression to improve muscle oxidative metabolism and facilitate lipid degradation in adipose tissues. Our data also highlight the existence of adaptive responses that are distinct between the skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue and between different adipose depots.
MicroRNA‐329 upregulation impairs the HMGB2/β‐catenin pathway and regulates cell biological behaviors in melanoma
Authors: Mo You , Fang Rui‐Hua , Wu Jiang , Si Yuan , Jia Shu‐Qing , Li Qun , Bai Jing‐Zhu , She Xi‐Ning , Wang Jian‐Qin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMelanoma is responsible for the majority of deaths caused by skin cancer. Antitumor activity of microRNA‐329 (miR‐329) has been seen in several human cancers. In this study, we identify whether miR‐329 serves as a candidate regulator in melanoma. Melanoma‐related differentially expressed genes were screened with its potential molecular mechanism predicted. Melanoma tissues and pigmented nevus tissues were collected, where the levels of miR‐329 and high‐mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) were determined. To characterize the regulatory role of miR‐329 on HMGB2 and the β‐catenin pathway in melanoma cell activities, miR‐329 mimics, miR‐329 inhibitors, and siRNA‐HMGB2 were transfected into melanoma cells. Cell viability, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed. miR‐329 was predicted to influence melanoma by targeting HMGB2 via the β‐catenin pathway. High level of HMGB2 and low miR‐329 expression were observed in melanoma tissues. HMGB2 was targeted and negatively regulated by miR‐329. In melanoma cells transfected with miR‐329 mimics or siRNA‐HMGB2, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were impeded, yet cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were promoted, corresponding to decreased levels of β‐catenin, cyclin D1, and vimentin and increased levels of GSK3β and E‐cadherin. Collectively, our results show that miR‐329 can suppress the melanoma progression by downregulating HMGB2 via the β‐catenin pathway.
Expression and activity of key lipases during the larval development of walking catfish (Clarias magur)
Authors: Mir Ishfaq Nazir , Srivastava P. P. , Bhat Irfan Ahmad , Dar Showkat Ahmad , Sushila Ngairangbam , Varghese Tincy , Muralidhar A. P. , Jain K. K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe study was conducted to investigate the expression and activity of key lipolytic enzymes during the ontogenetic development of Clarias magur. After partial characterization, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL), and bile salt‐activated lipase (BAL) genes along with the specific lipase activity were performed in larvae from Day 1 after hatching till 34‐day posthatch (dph). Heterogeneous patterns of mRNA expression were shown by the important lipolytic enzymes and were detected before first exogenous feeding during the yolk‐sac stage. LPL started increasing from 13 dph and peaked at 16 dph followed by a declining trend till 34 dph. However, the PL observed to be peaking at 9, 22, and 30 dph. Similarly, BAL showed an increasing trend from 11 to 22 dph with a significantly high level of mRNA expression at 16 dph. Later, the specific lipase activity was evaluated which appears at Day 1 after hatching with a progressive increase from 7 to 16 dph and a further declining trend afterwards with a peak at 22 dph. The results indicated the development of exocrine pancreas at 16 dph. Furthermore, the transcript levels and the activity of lipases were regulated with the age. Hence, the present study can be helpful in devising different strategies containing optimum lipid levels at a suitable stage of development for improving the survival during larval rearing. Furthermore, the study could be a baseline for elucidating the optimized dietary lipid levels of this catfish during its larval rearing.
Role of surgical resection in the era of FOLFIRINOX for advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Byun Yoonhyeong , Han Youngmin , Kang Jae Seung , Choi Yoo Jin , Kim Hongbeom , Kwon Wooil , Kim Sun‐Whe , Oh Do‐Youn , Lee Sang Hyub , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong‐Tae , Jang Jin‐Young 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of FOLFIRINOX regimen greatly changed the treatment for advanced pancreatic cancers. However, detailed studies on the clinical effects and factors affecting the prognosis are insufficient. We performed this study to evaluate the effects of FOLFIRINOX and the surgical resection in advanced pancreatic cancer.MethodsThree hundred and thirty‐seven patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who initially received FOLFIRINOX, from January 2011 to December 2017, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were evaluated according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline, responses after four to six cycles of FOLFIRINOX were re‐evaluated according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, and further treatment was decided in the multidisciplinary meeting.ResultsSixty‐seven (19.9%) patients had borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, 135 (40.1%) locally advanced pancreatic cancer, and 135 (40.1%) metastatic pancreatic cancer. The median survival period was significantly longer in the surgical group than in the nonsurgical group in each clinical stage, even in metastatic pancreatic cancer (32 vs. 14, P = 0.012). In multivariate analysis, metastatic status at diagnosis, progressive disease after FOLFIRINOX, surgical resection, and declined CA19‐9 after FOLFIRINOX were significant prognostic factors.ConclusionsSurgical treatment greatly affects survival outcomes in advanced pancreatic cancer treated with FOLFIRINOX. Further studies on the optimal indication of operation and the protocol are needed.
Endolysosomal compartments as platforms for orchestrating innate immune and metabolic sensors
Authors: Miyake Kensuke , Saitoh Shin-ichiroh , Sato Ryota , Shibata Takuma , Fukui Ryutaro , Murakami Yusuke 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
TLRs respond to a variety of microbial products and initiate defense responses against bacteria and viruses. A variety of pathogens invade into and control the endosomal compartment to survive in host cells. On the other hand, host cells deploy cell surface and endosomal TLRs to pathogen-containing vesicles to mount defense responses. The endosomal compartment is a site for pathogen-sensing. As TLR-dependent defense responses are accompanied with a shift to the anabolic state, TLR responses need to be under metabolic control. Cellular metabolic state is monitored by sensing lysosomal metabolites by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Type I IFN production induced by endosomal TLRs requires mTORC1. Recent studies have demonstrated that the interaction between TLRs and mTORC1 depends on their anterograde movement to the cell periphery. In a nutrient-sufficient state, a molecular complex called Ragulator recruits and activates mTORC1 in lysosomes. In parallel, Ragulator allows the small GTPase Arl8b to drive lysosomes to the cell periphery. Nutrient-activated mTORC1 in peripheral lysosomes is constitutively associated with type I IFN signaling molecules such as TRAF3 and IKKα. On the other hand, TLR7 and TLR3 are activated in the endosomal compartment and induce trafficking of TLR-containing vesicles to the cell periphery in a manner dependent on Arl8b or another GTPase Rab7a, respectively. Lysosomal trafficking helps TLR7 and TLR3 to interact with nutrient-activated mTORC1 and type I IFN signaling molecules. The endosomal compartments serve as platforms where metabolic sensing machinery licenses TLRs to initiate type I IFN responses.
Dynamic magnetic resonance measurements of calf muscle oxygenation and energy metabolism in peripheral artery disease
Authors: Bakermans Adrianus J. , Wessel Chang Ho , Zheng Kang H. , Groot Paul F.C. , Stroes Erik S.G. , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundClinical assessments of peripheral artery disease (PAD) severity are insensitive to pathophysiological changes in muscle tissue oxygenation and energy metabolism distal to the affected artery.PurposeTo quantify the blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) response and phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery kinetics on a clinical MR system during a single exercise‐recovery session in PAD patients.Study TypeCase–control study.SubjectsFifteen Fontaine stage II patients, and 18 healthy control subjectsField Strength/SequenceInterleaved dynamic multiecho gradient‐echo 1H T2* mapping and adiabatic pulse‐acquire 31P‐MR spectroscopy at 3T.AssessmentBlood pressure in the arms and ankles were measured to determine the ankle‐brachial index (ABI). Subjects performed a plantar flexion exercise‐recovery protocol. The gastrocnemius and soleus muscle BOLD responses were characterized using the T2* maps. High‐energy phosphate metabolite concentrations were quantified by fitting the series of 31P‐MR spectra. The PCr recovery time constant (τPCr) was derived as a measure of in vivo mitochondrial oxidative capacity.Statistical TestsComparisons between groups were performed using two‐sided Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Relations between variables were assessed by Pearson's r correlation coefficients.ResultsThe amplitude of the functional hyperemic BOLD response in the gastrocnemius muscle was higher in PAD patients compared with healthy subjects (–3.8 ± 1.4% vs. –1.4 ± 0.3%; P < 0.001), and correlated with the ABI (r = 0.79; P < 0.001). PCr recovery was slower in PAD patients (τPCr = 52.0 ± 13.5 vs. 30.3 ± 9.7 sec; P < 0.0001), and correlated with the ABI (r = –0.64; P < 0.001). Moreover, τPCr correlated with the hyperemic BOLD response in the gastrocnemius muscle (r = –0.66; P < 0.01).Data ConclusionMR readouts of calf muscle tissue oxygenation and high‐energy phosphate metabolism were acquired essentially simultaneously during a single exercise‐recovery session. A pronounced hypoxia‐triggered vasodilation in PAD is associated with a reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:98–107.
Hantavirus infection in Iranian patients suspected to viral hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Salehi‐Vaziri Mostafa , Kaleji Azadeh Salarian , Fazlalipour Mehdi , Jalali Tahmineh , Mohammadi Tahereh , Khakifirouz Sahar , Baniasadi Vahid , Pouriayevali Mohammad Hassan , Mahmoudi Ahmad , Tordo Noel , Mostafavi Ehsan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground: Hantaviruses are a group of emerging pathogens causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in human. This study was conducted to investigate Hantavirus infection among Iranian viral hemorrhagic fever suspected patients.Methods: From April 2014 to June 2016, 113 cases from 25 different provinces of Iran were analyzed for Hantavirus infection by IgM/IgG ELISA and pan‐Hantavirus RT‐PCR tests.Results: Although, viral genome was detected in none of the subjects, IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in 19 and 4 cases, respectively. Differentiation of the anti‐Hantavirus antibodies according to virus species by EUROLINE Anti‐Hantavirus Profile Kit revealed three Puumala virus IgM positive, one Hantaan virus IgM positive, one Hantaan virus IgM borderline, and two Puumala virus IgG borderline cases.Conclusions: This study demonstrates the circulation of Hantaviruses in Iran and calls for further investigations of these life‐threatening viruses in the country.
Multiple‐pass‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy for long‐term monitoring of hydrogen isotopologues
Authors: Wen Chengwei , Huang Xin , Wang Weiwei , Shen Chunlei , Li Hairong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report a variant of multiple‐pass Raman spectroscopy with enhanced sensitivity for engineering applications. A four‐mirror multiple pass cell is introduced and compared with the conventional two (concave)‐mirror configuration. With this system, gas samples in static cells are measured and monitored. The results show that the noise equivalent detection limit (3σn) close to 100 ppm for hydrogen isotopologues can be achieved within two seconds with a 1.5‐W red laser. The relative precision is characterized by long‐term measurement, and the results indicate high system stability. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in different configurations are investigated, and results show that high (greater than nine) SNR gain is achieved in the configuration of 12 passes. This newly designed Raman system is highly stable and suitable for fast and precise in‐line monitoring of hydrogen isotopologue mixtures, as well as other (hazardous) gas samples.
Effect of treatment sequence on survival in stage IV rectal cancer with synchronous and potentially resectable liver metastases
Authors: Ghiasloo Mohammad , Kahya Hasan , Van Langenhove Samuel , Grammens Julien , Vierstraete Maaike , Berardi Giammauro , Troisi Roberto I. , Ceelen Wim 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe optimal treatment sequence in stage IV rectal cancer (RC) with synchronous liver metastases (SLM) remains undefined. Here, we compared outcomes between patients treated with the bowel‐first approach (BFA) or the liver‐first approach (LFA).MethodsConsecutive patients diagnosed with stage IV RC with SLM and who underwent complete resection were included. Both groups were matched using propensity scores. Differences in postoperative outcome, local control, and long‐term survival were studied. In addition, a decision analysis (DA) model was built using TreeAge Pro to define the approach that results in the highest treatment completion rate.ResultsDuring a 12‐year period, 52 patients were identified, 21 and 31 of whom underwent the BFA and the LFA, respectively. Twenty‐eight patients were matched; patients treated with the BFA experienced a longer median OS (50.0 vs 33.0 months; P = .40) and higher 5‐year OS (42.9% vs 28.6%). The DA defined the BFA to be superior when the failure threshold (ie, no R0 resection, treatment discontinuation regardless of cause) for colectomy is less than 28.6%.ConclusionsIn stage IV rectal cancer with SLM, either the BFA or the LFA result in similar long‐term outcomes. Treatment should be tailored according to clinicopathological variables.
Construction of a comprehensive beer proteome map using sequential filter‐aided sample preparation coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Sun Zhen , Yu Xinhe , Zhang Yanrong , Xu Jiuxiang , Li Xianzhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe quality traits of beer, which include flavor, texture, foam stability, gushing, and haze formation, rely on contributions from beer proteins and peptides. Large‐scale proteomic analysis of beer is gaining importance, not only with respect to authenticity of raw material in beer but also to improve quality control during beer production. In this work, foam proteins were first isolated from beer by virtue of their high hydrophobicity. Then sequential filter‐aided sample preparation coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze both beer protein and foam protein. Finally, 4692 proteins were identified as beer proteins, and 3906 proteins were identified as foam proteins. In total, 7113 proteins were identified in the beer sample. Several proteins contributing to beer quality traits, including lipid transfer protein, serpin, hordein, gliadin, and glutenin, were detected in our proteins list. This work constructed a comprehensive beer proteome map that may help to evaluate potential health risks related to beer consumption in celiac patients.
Measuring the impact of dysphonia on quality of life using health state preferences
Authors: Naunheim Matthew R. , Goldberg Leanne , Dai Jennifer B. , Rubinstein Benjamin J. , Courey Mark S. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesFormal evaluation of health states related to dysphonia have not been rigorously evaluated in affected patients. The objective of this project was to evaluate the health states of mild, moderate, and severe dysphonia using formal health state preference evaluation, and to compare these outcomes with the degree of voice handicap.DesignProspective health state preference assessment.MethodsA convenience sample of patients presenting with voice complaints were enrolled from an academic voice center. Demographic and voice handicap index (VHI‐10) data were obtained, and an assessment of preference for five health states (monocular blindness, binocular blindness, mild dysphonia, moderate dysphonia, and severe dysphonia) was performed. Utility scores were calculated on a scale from 0 (death) to 1 (perfect health). Analysis was performed with ANOVA testing with post‐hoc comparisons and correlation statistics.ResultsOf 209 assessments, 149 (75.6%) met quality criteria. Relative to monocular blindness (score 0.61 [CI 0.57–0.64]), moderate dysphonia (0.58 [0.54–0.62]) was rated equivalently, with severe dysphonia (0.33 [0.29–0.37]) ranking significantly worse and mild dysphonia (0.96 [0.95–0.98]) significantly better. Binocular blindness (0.18 [0.15–0.21]) was the worst‐ranked health state. There was a weak inverse correlation of VHI‐10 with dysphonia‐related preference scores; with worsening reported voice handicap, scores decreased.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that dysphonia had a significant impact of quality of life, with moderate dysphonia ranking equivalently with monocular blindness. These numerical estimates may be used for ongoing research into the value and cost‐effectiveness of medical, therapeutic, and surgical interventions for voice disorders.Level of Evidence2c (outcomes research)Laryngoscope, 130:E177–E182, 2020
Prenatal cytogenomic identification and molecular refinement of compound heterozygous STRC deletion breakpoints
Authors: Shi Lisong , Bai Yan , Kharbutli Yara , Oza Andrea M. , Amr Sami S. , Edelmann Lisa , Mehta Lakshmi , Scott Stuart A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHere, we report the prenatal detection of a compound heterozygous deletion at chromosome 15q15.3 by clinical chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing that included the CATSPER2 male infertility gene. However, given the low resolution of CMA at this homologous locus, it was unclear if the neighboring STRC hearing loss gene was also affected. Therefore, we developed a novel allele‐specific PCR strategy, which narrowed the proximal breakpoint of the maternally inherited deletion to a 310 bp interval that was 440 bp upstream from the STRC transcription start site.