bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of cangrelor in acute stenting for the treatment of cerebrovascular pathology: preliminary experience in a single-center pilot study
Authors: Aguilar-Salinas Pedro , Agnoletto Guilherme Jose , Brasiliense Leonardo B C , Santos Roberta , Granja Manuel F , Gonsales Douglas , Aghaebrahim Amin , Sauvageau Eric , Hanel Ricardo A 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundTreatment of acute cerebrovascular pathology, such as acute ischemic stroke or intracranial aneurysms, presents a challenge if an extracranial or intracranial stent is required; immediate platelet inhibition is vital. To date, there is no standardized approach for antiplatelet inhibition in an acute setting.ObjectiveTo report our preliminary experience and lessons learnt using cangrelor in acute neurointervention.MethodsA single-arm pilot study was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of cangrelor plus aspirin for platelet inhibition in patients who require acute stenting in the setting of neuroendovascular treatment.ResultsEight patients were enrolled between October 2017 and August 2018. Median age was 71 years (53–86). Seven patients were treated in an acute setting according to the stroke protocol at our institution, while one patient was treated for a symptomatic, unruptured aneurysm with flow diversion and coiling. At admission, the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score for the patients with stroke was 12.5 (range 2–22.3). Cangrelor was infused and all patients achieved adequate platelet inhibition (<200 PRU (P2Y12 reaction units)). Six of seven patients with ischemic stroke had a carotid stent placed and one had an intracranial stent deployed in the middle cerebral artery. None of the patients experienced intraprocedural thromboembolic complications, intraprocedural in-stent thrombosis, hemorrhagic complications, or stroke within 24 hours after the intervention. The majority of patients (6/8) had a good clinical outcome at discharge (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that cangrelor is a promising alternative in acute stenting for the treatment of cerebrovascular pathology. However, further studies with larger samples are required to accurately elucidate its safety and effectiveness in neuroendovascular procedures.
Interação entre magmas graníticos e a origem de epissienitos potássicos estaníferos do granito Madeira, mina Pitinga, Amazonas
Authors: Borges Régis Munhoz Krás , Gaia Sulsiene Machado de Souza , Costi Hilton Tulio , Lamarão Claudio Nery , Marques Gisele Tavares 
Published: December 2018

O estudo petrográfico de amostras da zona de contato entre as fácies albita-granito de borda e feldspato alcalino-granito hipersolvus porfirítico, na borda oeste do plúton Madeira, identificou rochas com características texturais e composicionais herdadas das duas fácies. Tal feição é interpretada como um processo de interação entre os dois magmas graníticos, colocados e cristalizados contemporaneamente. Em condições subsolidus, fluidos hidrotermais causaram alteração potássica pervasiva, ou epissienitização, caracterizada pela dissolução de quartzo das fácies graníticas, gerando cavidades e aumentando a permeabilidade das rochas alteradas. Paralelamente, a albita da fácies de borda do albita-granito foi desestabilizada e substituída por microclínio hidrotermal e, nos estágios mais tardios, as cavidades foram preenchidas por quartzo, microclínio, fluorita, hematita, cassiterita, fengita, clorita, pirita, esfalerita, galena e calcopirita. Os epissienitos potássicos são rochas de coloração vermelha escura a marrom, granulação fina a média, ricas em microclínio hidrotermal, apresentando-se ora porosas, ora com cavidades preenchidas por quartzo e sulfetos. A cassiterita das rochas epissienitizadas é mais pura e relativamente mais pobre em Nb do que aquela presente no albita-granito magmático. Os fluidos que desencadearam a epissienitização devem ter sido oxidados, ricos em K, alcalinos e subsaturados em sílica. Propõem-se duas hipóteses para a sua origem: 1) por separação de uma fase fluida a partir do líquido magmático formador do granito hipersolvus; 2) pela ação do mesmo fluido que desencadeou o processo de autometassomatismo do albita-granito de núcleo, gerando sua fácies de borda.
Orbiculoidea baini and Orbiculoidea excentrica (Brachiopoda, Discinidae) from the Middle Devonian (Alto Garças Sub-basin, Paraná Basin) of Caiapônia, Goiás (Brazil)
Authors: Carbonaro Fábio Augusto , Comniskey Jeanninny Carla , Corral Heloísa Stok , Ghilardi Renato Pirani 
Published: December 2018

The Devonian brachiopods from Goiás (Alto Garças Sub-basin, Paraná Basin) present records in the cities of Caiapônia, Amorinópolis, and Doverlândia. However, most of the papers only mention the presence of these fossils in these areas, without any taxonomic description. Thus, our aim was to describe the discinoids Orbiculoidea baini, Orbiculoidea excentrica, and Orbiculoidea sp. found in Caiapônia city. These discinoids were preserved in assemblage, instigating a simplified taphonomic approach. The fossils were found parallel to bedding planes in a poorly package assemblage. Most of them are entire and unarticulated. Although in smaller numbers, several fragmented individuals were also found (some quite fragmented). Therefore, the material was transported configuring a parautochthonous to allochthonous taphocenosis. Another interesting aspect is the decreased size of the brachiopods, which were preserved in sandstone lens on the top of a siltstone layer that overlap black shales of the Early Givetian age. These features can be related to the Lilliput Effect, due to the preserved discinoids present both in adult and juvenile forms. The Lilliput Effect resulted from a biotic crisis (KAČÁK Event) that occurred in the Eifelian-Givetian. This is the first piece of evidence of this effect in the Devonian of Goiás (Alto Garças Sub-basin, Paraná Basin).
Caracterização química de vegetal holocênico mineralizado procedente de Camocim, Ceará
Authors: Xavier Sérgio Augusto Santos , Viana Maria Somália Sales , Souza Elnatan Bezerra de 
Published: December 2018

Este estudo teve como foco a análise e a identificação da composição química de restos vegetais mineralizados por soterramento, presentes em eolianitos, oriundos da zona litorânea de Camocim, a fim de determinar de maneira qualitativa e quantitativa a identidade mineral na qual esses materiais foram preservados. As análises foram feitas a partir da técnica de espectometria por dispersão de energia de raios X em microscópio eletrônico, sendo considerado um método qualitativo e semiquantitativo para a identificação elemental de materiais. Cinco amostras foram preparadas de acordo com as normas de utilização da Central Analítica do curso de Física da Universidade Federal do Ceará, onde as análises foram realizadas; as amostras foram fragmentadas ao máximo de 1 cm e, em seguida, metalizadas com ouro, posteriormente observadas em microscópio eletrônico varredura modelo Inspect S50, da marca FEI, que conta com um espectrômetro por energia dispersiva de raios X. Os resultados mostraram que as cinco amostras não apresentaram variações significativas entre suas composições químicas, sendo essencialmente formadas por carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3), que constitui mais de 90% da composição de cada uma, proveniente dos bioclastos marinhos abundantes no conteúdo sedimentar da zona costeira de Camocim. Elementos traço como magnésio, silício, alumínio, ferro e cloro também foram identificados. A presença desses elementos pode estar relacionada à diversa origem diagenética composicional dos sedimentos depositados no litoral da região.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Kannan Lakshmi , Shaw Pamela A. , Morley Michael P. , Brandimarto Jeffrey , Fang James C. , Sweitzer Nancy K. , Cappola Thomas P. , Cappola Anne R. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
The effects of thyroid dysfunction in patients with preexisting heart failure have not been adequately studied. We examined the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and associations with cardiovascular outcomes in a large, prospective cohort of outpatients with preexisting heart failure.

Methods and Results:

We examined associations between thyroid dysfunction and New York Heart Association class, atrial fibrillation, and a composite end point of ventricular assist device placement, heart transplantation, or death in 1365 participants with heart failure enrolled in the Penn Heart Failure Study. Mean age was 57 years, 35% were women, and the majority had New York Heart Association class II (45%) or III (32%) symptoms. More severe heart failure was associated with higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), higher free thyroxine (FT4), and lower total triiodothyronine (TT3) concentrations (
P
<0.001 all models). Atrial fibrillation was positively associated with higher levels of FT4 alone (
P
≤0.01 all models). There were 462 composite end points over a median 4.2 years of follow-up. In adjusted models, compared with euthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 4.51–19.99 mIU/L with normal FT4) was associated with an increased risk of the composite end point overall (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.27–2.61;
P
=0.001) and in the subgroup with TSH ≥7.00 mIU/L (hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.96–5.39;
P
<0.001), but not in the subgroup with TSH 4.51–6.99 mIU/L (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.78–2.06;
P
=0.34). Isolated low T3 was also associated with the composite end point (hazard ratio, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65–2.72;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
In patients with preexisting heart failure, subclinical hypothyroidism with TSH ≥7 mIU/L and isolated low T3 levels are associated with poor prognosis. Clinical trials are needed to explore therapeutic effects of T4 and T3 administration in heart failure.
On Mì ‘Honey’ (說 “蜜”)
Authors: Xu (許全勝) Quansheng 
Published: December 2018

It has been known for nearly 100 years (since Polivanov 1916) that the Chinese word for ‘honey’ is most likely to be of Indo-European origin (probably via Tocharian B):

Chin. mì 【蜜】 ‘honey’ < mc
mjit < oc *mit (Baxter and Sagart 2014)
Toch. B mit ‘honey’ < PToch. *m’ət- < pie *medhu-.

The Chinese word can also be compared with Skt. madhu, Gr. μεθυ (methu)/μεθη (methē), ocs. medŭ, Lith. midùs/medùs, oe. meodu, ohg. metu, Ger. met, and Eng. mead. The present article will focus on mi ‘honey’ and fēng 蠭 ‘bee’ in ancient Chinese books and unearthed texts. It is deduced that honey was probably introduced into China before the 1st millennium b.c.
“蜜”[mì ‘honey’< mc
mjit < oc *mit] （Baxter and Sagart 2014）是極少數有確切證據源于印歐語的漢語外來詞，它可能即源自吐火羅語B（即龜茲語）的mit。一個世紀以前，俄國語言學家Polivanov（1916）已撰文證明“蜜”可追溯到原始印歐語*medhu。這個詞還可與梵語madhu（蜜，蜂蜜酒）、希臘語μεθυ（methu，葡萄酒）/μεθη（methē，烈性酒）、古教堂斯拉夫語medŭ（蜜）、立陶宛語midùs/medùs（蜜）、古英語meodu（蜂蜜酒）、古高地德語metu（蜂蜜酒）、德語met（蜂蜜酒）、英語mead（蜂蜜酒）比較。
1
本文重新檢討古典文獻及出土文獻中所見的“蜜”字和“蠭”字，推測蜂蜜很可能在西元前一千年之前已傳入中國。(This article is in Chinese.)
Symmetric dimethylarginine is a stronger predictor of mortality risk than asymmetric dimethylarginine among older people with kidney disease
Authors: Patel Liyona , Kilbride Hannah S , Stevens Paul E , Eaglestone Gillian , Knight Sarah , L Carter Joanne , Delaney Michael P , Farmer Christopher KT , Dalton Neil , Lamb Edmund J 
Published: December 2018

Background Circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine are increased in patients with kidney disease. Symmetric dimethylarginine is considered a good marker of glomerular filtration rate, while asymmetric dimethylarginine is a marker of cardiovascular risk. However, a link between symmetric dimethylarginine and all-cause mortality has been reported. In the present study, we evaluated both dimethylarginines as risk and glomerular filtration rate markers in a cohort of elderly white individuals, both with and without chronic kidney disease. Methods Glomerular filtration rate was measured in 394 individuals aged >74 years using an iohexol clearance method. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine and iohexol were measured simultaneously using isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Results Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations were increased ( P < 0.01) in people with glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 compared with those with glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, but did not differ ( P > 0.05) between those with glomerular filtration rate 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Plasma symmetric dimethylarginine increased consistently across declining glomerular filtration rate categories ( P < 0.0001). Glomerular filtration rate had an independent effect on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentration, while glomerular filtration rate, gender, body mass index and haemoglobin had independent effects on plasma symmetric dimethylarginine concentration. Participants were followed up for a median of 33 months. There were 65 deaths. High plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine ( P = 0.0412) and symmetric dimethylarginine ( P < 0.0001) concentrations were independently associated with reduced survival. Conclusions Among elderly white individuals with a range of kidney function, symmetric dimethylarginine was a better marker of glomerular filtration rate and a stronger predictor of outcome than asymmetric dimethylarginine. Future studies should further evaluate the role of symmetric dimethylarginine as a marker of outcome and assess its potential value as a marker of glomerular filtration rate.
Occupational therapy in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Liu Lili 
Published: December 2018

Background. While occupational therapy’s inception was from the Arts and Crafts movement and the moral treatment movement with war veterans, the profession has evolved to requiring a professional entry-level master’s degree to practice, and involves complex relationships with clients across the life span. Throughout history, a consistent impact of each industrial revolution has been the loss of jobs to automation. This consequence is even more profound today with the exponential growth of innovations and automation. Purpose. The objectives of this article are to (a) set the context by reviewing the evolution, or five eras, of occupational therapy in Canada; (b) present what is meant by the “Fourth Industrial Revolution”; and (c) examine the technological innovations faced by occupational therapists and our clients as we enter the “sixth” era of occupational therapy in Canada. Key Issues. Although occupational therapy, as a profession, has low risk for automation, a great number of our clients will not be able to reskill fast enough to keep up with job market requirements. Telerehabilitation, the Internet of Things, virtual reality, 3-D printing, robotics, artificial intelligence, and autonomous vehicles are challenging ways occupational therapists provide services to clients. Implications. It is recommended that occupational therapists engage with disciplines beyond current typical connections, as our expertise is called upon to advocate for ourselves and our clients who are end users of these technologies.
A Review of Intervention Studies Conducted with Individuals with Autism and Sensory Impairments
Authors: Banda Devender R. , Griffin-Shirley Nora , Okungu Phoebe A. , Ogot Orpa P. , Meeks Melanie K. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Recently, there has been heightened interest in individuals with autism and sensory impairments, and interventions that affect this population. To date, no reviews have analyzed intervention studies, and the present study adds to intervention research literature. Methods Based on an electronic search, eight studies were included in the review. Results The results indicated that four of the studies focused on communication skills, while the other four targeted problem behaviors. All participants made progress in communication and showed improvements in their behaviors. Discussion Although positive results were seen in all participants, the studies suffer from methodological limitations. Thus, future research is needed to replicate studies as well as provide maintenance and generalization data. Implications for practitioners Some suggestions are to include preference assessments prior to the development of intervention studies to create a modified picture exchange communication system with tangible objects or symbols.
The Research Priorities of People with Visual Impairments in the Netherlands
Authors: Schölvinck Anne-Floor M. , Pittens Carina A. C. M. , Broerse Jacqueline E. W. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Despite the relatively high prevalence and challenges of visual impairments, limited funding is available for ophthalmologic research in the Netherlands. The research needs of people with visual impairments could aid the ophthalmological research community to optimally distribute research resources. The objective of the study presented here was to identify daily life problems, concerns, and wishes for future research from people with ophthalmological disorders, visual impairments, or deafblindness in order to set a research agenda that provides directions for future ophthalmology research. Methods A four-phase participatory research approach was carried out using mixed methods to stimulate needs-articulation. Eight focus group discussions, seven feedback meetings, and seven interviews were organized, in which 89 consumers were consulted. Surveys to prioritize the topics were developed for both the medical and sociopsychological topics, which were completed by 784 and 631 respondents, respectively. Results For the medical research agenda, research directly aimed at the cause of the ophthalmological disorders was considered more important than research aimed at improving quality of life. The themes “new and regenerative medicine,” “cause and disease mechanism,” “prevention and diagnosis,” and “improvement of current treatments” were prioritized as high. For the sociopsychological agenda, needs concerning the “improvement of technologies for people with visual impairments” and “navigation, orientation, and accessibility of public space” were considered top priorities. Discussion The identified research needs were relatively uniform across different consumer groups, providing opportunities for joint action. The research agenda included themes that can be taken up by “traditional” ophthalmological research, more broadly defined health care–related research, and more policy-influencing strategies. Implications for practitioners The research needs could help researchers and policymakers in ophthalmology and visual impairment research to guide their research focus and legislation priorities.
Stress Associated with Transportation: A Survey of Persons with Visual Impairments
Authors: Crudden Adele , Cmar Jennifer L. , McDonnall Michele C. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction This study evaluated transportation-related stress and factors predicting stress among persons with visual impairments. Methods Participants with visual impairments completed electronic surveys rating their stress levels experienced when completing various walking and public transportation tasks. They also indicated activities they avoided due to transportation stress. Results Higher stress was reported for navigating unfamiliar bus routes, walking in urban areas without sidewalks, and walking in unfamiliar places. Significant predictors of walking stress were age, years since vision loss, dog guide use, physical limitations, and frequency of public transportation use. Significant predictors of public transportation stress were age, orientation and mobility (O&M) training, physical limitations, and frequency of public transportation use. Most-avoided activities due to transportation-related stress were entertainment or leisure activities and visiting family and friends. Discussion Unfamiliar situations and unpredictable environments were associated with higher stress. Frequent public transportation use and longer time since vision loss predicted lower stress, which indicates that increased and varied experiences may affect transportation-related stress. Older persons and persons with physical limitations had more transportation-related stress. Social activities, which are important in managing stress, were most frequently avoided due to transportation stress. Implications for practitioners O&M instructors should keep in mind that providing varied experiences and longer training is indicated for persons with high stress, particularly for older persons, and those with recent vision loss or physical limitations. Everyone involved in the rehabilitation process should remember that building relationships with consumers, encouraging public transportation use, participating in support groups, and overcoming travel barriers for social activities may help reduce transportation stress.
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Does Not Improve Osseous Integration of Osteochondral Allografts for the Treatment of Chondral Defects in the Knee at 6 and 12 Months: A Comparative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis
Authors: Wang Dean , Lin Kenneth M. , Burge Alissa J. , Balazs George C. , Williams Riley J. 
Published: December 2018

Background: Poor osseous integration after fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA) may be associated with graft subsidence and subchondral bone collapse after implantation. The augmentation of OCA with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has been hypothesized to improve osseous incorporation of the implanted allograft. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of autogenous BMAC treatment on osseous integration at the graft-host bony interface after OCA. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated with OCA+BMAC or OCA alone for full-thickness chondral defects of the distal femur from March 2015 to December 2016 was conducted. Seventeen knees treated with OCA+BMAC and 16 knees treated with OCA alone underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early postoperative phase (mean, 6 months). Eighteen knees treated with OCA+BMAC and 16 knees treated with OCA alone underwent MRI in the late postoperative phase (mean, 12 months). Bone, cartilage, and ancillary features on MRI were graded using the Osteochondral Allograft MRI Scoring System (OCAMRISS) by a musculoskeletal radiologist blinded to the patient’s history and treatment. Results: There were no significant differences in the demographics or lesion characteristics between treatment groups in either postoperative phase. In the early postoperative phase, the mean OCAMRISS bone score was 3.0 ± 0.7 and 3.3 ± 0.7 for the OCA+BMAC group and OCA alone group, respectively ( P = .76); 71% (OCA+BMAC) and 81% (OCA alone) of MRI scans demonstrated discernible clefts at the graft-host junction ( P = .69), and 41% (OCA+BMAC) and 25% (OCA alone) of MRI scans demonstrated cystic changes at the graft and graft-host junction ( P = .46). In the late postoperative phase, the mean OCAMRISS bone score was 2.7 ± 0.8 and 2.9 ± 0.8 for the OCA+BMAC group and OCA alone group, respectively ( P = .97); 44% (OCA+BMAC) and 63% (OCA alone) of MRI scans demonstrated discernible clefts at the graft-host junction ( P = .33), and 50% (OCA+BMAC) and 31% (OCA alone) of MRI scans demonstrated the presence of cystic changes at the graft and graft-host junction ( P = .32). The mean OCAMRISS cartilage, ancillary, and total scores were not significantly different between groups in either postoperative phase. Conclusion: OCA augmented with BMAC was not associated with improved osseous integration; decreased cystic changes; or other bone, cartilage, and ancillary feature changes compared with OCA alone.