bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Turkish Earthquake: Adapting a Relevant Medical Relief Response Mode
Authors: Benov Avi , Merin Ofer , Koler Tomer , Ezgi Güneş Tümer , Glassberg Elon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
On February 6, 2023, a Mw 7.8 earthquake struck southern and central Turkey and northern and western Syria. Over 50 000 people were confirmed dead, and nearly 130 000 were injured. The Turkish government was leading the response there through coordination by the Disaster and Emergency Management Agency (AFAD). A massive search and rescue operation continued, and humanitarian partners were rapidly ramping up efforts to provide life-saving assistance. Over 53 000 Turkish emergency workers were deployed to the regions affected by the earthquakes. More than 100 nations and international organizations mounted a massive, unprecedented response. Among them, the State of Israel dispatched 2 missions, with the first on the ground the same day as the earthquake. Under guidance of the local health authorities, it was determined that the most effective approach would be to support an existing medical facility rather than establishing a standalone field operation. Teams responding to disaster zones should arrive only after a formal request and deploy after full coordination with the local country. The devastated country understands best what is really needed. Deploying in full collaboration has an advantage of better cultural understanding and long-term effect in restoring the local needs.
What happens to the ‘terrorists’?
Authors: Haspeslagh Sophie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lists have come to define terrorism. In the absence of an agreed-upon definition of what constitutes terrorism, proscription, or the inclusion of non-state armed groups on terrorist lists, has created a new category, a new reality. The material and symbolic consequences of these lists have been explored in human rights law and critical terrorism studies literature. But as the world seems to shift away from the terrorist framing, what happens to the ‘terrorists’ stuck on these lists?
Grounded in empirical research with listed non-state armed groups the article explores how listed actors themselves react to the listings. They should not be seen as mere passive recipients of these labels and lists – they are active agents and able to cope strategically with this stigma. Building on Rebecca Adler-Nissen’s work on stigma in world politics, the article shifts the focus from state to non-state actors and assesses how different listed groups cope using Adler-Nissen’s typology of stigma recognition, stigma rejection, and counter-stigmatisation. This diversity in reaction is unpacked through three case studies (ETA, Hezbollah, and FARC). While some armed groups have tried to explicitly reject the label imposed on them, others have embraced it.
The article traces what happens to the ‘terrorists’, how they are reacting, and whether they can ever escape their condition. Listing regimes have enabled the continuation of the war on terror through their embeddedness in the multilateral system, creating a permanence that can endlessly be reactivated.
Introduction: Making the invisible visible in European Union law
Authors: Dothan Shai , Mair Sabine , Mayoral Juan A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInterdisciplinary analysis of law is a powerful tool for analyzing a variety of legal problems. The strength of interdisciplinarity is its ability to unveil significant factors that remain hidden when seen solely within disciplinary boundaries. This symposium aims to focus on the analytic abilities of interdisciplinarity when exploring European law. To provide the proper background, the introduction reviews the use of interdisciplinarity for the study of European Union law in the literature. The contributions to the symposium have used a variety of interdisciplinary tools to reflect on questions relating to European law. These contributions are briefly reviewed in this introduction.
The Markov chain embedding problem in a one-jump setting
Authors: Carette Philippe , Guerry Marie-Anne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The embedding problem of Markov chains examines whether a stochastic matrix

$\mathbf{P} $

can arise as the transition matrix from time 0 to time 1 of a continuous-time Markov chain. When the chain is homogeneous, it checks if

$ \mathbf{P}=\exp{\mathbf{Q}}$

for a rate matrix

$ \mathbf{Q}$

with zero row sums and non-negative off-diagonal elements, called a Markov generator. It is known that a Markov generator may not always exist or be unique. This paper addresses finding

$ \mathbf{Q}$

, assuming that the process has at most one jump per unit time interval, and focuses on the problem of aligning the conditional one-jump transition matrix from time 0 to time 1 with

$ \mathbf{P}$

. We derive a formula for this matrix in terms of

$ \mathbf{Q}$

and establish that for any

$ \mathbf{P}$

with non-zero diagonal entries, a unique

$ \mathbf{Q}$

, called the

${\unicode{x1D7D9}}$

-generator, exists. We compare the

${\unicode{x1D7D9}}$

-generator with the one-jump rate matrix from Jarrow, Lando, and Turnbull (1997), showing which is a better approximate Markov generator of

$ \mathbf{P}$

in some practical cases.
The ORT and the uGMRT pulsar monitoring program: Pulsar timing irregularities & the Gaussian process realisation
Authors: Grover Himanshu , Joshi Bhal Chandra , Singha Jaikhomba , Gügercinoğlu Erbil , Arumugam Paramasivan , Bandyopadhyay Debades , Chibueze James O. , Desai Shantanu , Eya Innocent O. , Kundu Anu , Urama Johnson O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The spin-down law of pulsars is generally perturbed by two types of timing irregularities: glitches and timing noise. Glitches are sudden changes in the rotational frequency of pulsars, while timing noise is a discernible stochastic wandering in the phase, period, or spin-down rate of a pulsar. We present the timing results of a sample of glitching pulsars observed using the Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT) and the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT). Our findings include timing noise analysis for 17 pulsars, with seven being reported for the first time. We detected five glitches in four pulsars and a glitch-like event in PSR J1825–0935. The frequency evolution of glitches in pulsars, J0742–2822 and J1740–3015, is presented for the first time. Additionally, we report timing noise results for three glitching pulsars. The timing noise was analysed separately in the pre-glitch and post-glitch regions. We observed an increase in the red noise parameters in the post-glitch regions, where exponential recovery was considered in the noise analysis. Timing noise can introduce ambiguities in the correct evaluation of glitch observations. Hence, it is important to consider timing noise in glitch analysis. We propose an innovative glitch verification approach designed to discern between a glitch and strong timing noise. The novel glitch analysis technique is also demonstrated using the observed data.
How enriched diet of the second trophic level (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) affects the performance of the third trophic level (Neoseiulus cucumeris): the role of pollens and legumes
Authors: Yazdanpanah Shima , Fathipour Yaghoub 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe generalist predatory mite, Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the most effective biocontrol agents to control the pests of many crops in indoor cultivations. In this study, the effects of the enriched diets of the second trophic level, i.e. the stored-product mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) on the performance of N. cucumeris as the third trophic level was determined in a tritrophic system. In the first step, different pollens including almond, maize, date palm, castor bean, saffron, and cattail or different legume flours including pinto bean, lentil, black-eyed pea, chickpea, mung bean and broad bean as enrichment additives were added to the basic diet, i.e. a mixture of wheat bran and flour as a basic diet of T. putrescentiae. In the second step, to reveal the effects of the mentioned additives on the performance of N. cucumeris, the demographic parameters of the predator were determined when it was fed with the prey enriched with the additives. Our results indicated that N. cucumeris had higher performance by feeding on the prey reared on diets enriched by either pollens or legumes compared with the basic diet. Overall, there was no significant difference between pollen grains and some legume flours when the predatory mite was fed with them through its prey. Since legumes are more available and cost-effective food sources than pollens, they can be affordable supplementary diets for the mass rearing of N. cucumeris.
The role of psychotropics on the associations between extreme temperature and heat-related outcomes among people with mental health conditions: population-based study
Authors: Wong Angel Y. S. , Iwagami Masao , Taniguchi Yuta , Kawamura Chitose , Suzuki Ai , Douglas Ian J. , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Sugiyama Takehiro , Kuroda Naoaki , Nitsch Dorothea , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between heatwave and heat-related outcomes in people with mental health conditions with and without psychotropics was unclear.MethodsWe identified people with severe mental illness (SMI) and depression, respectively, using Japanese claim data of Ibaraki prefecture during 1/1/2014–31/12/2021. We conducted self-controlled case series to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of heat-related illness, myocardial infarction and delirium, respectively, during 5-day pre-heatwave, heatwave, and 5-day post-heatwave periods v. all other periods (baseline) within an individual, stratified by periods prescribed psychotropics and periods not prescribed psychotropics, respectively.ResultsAmong people with SMI, heatwave was associated with an increased rate of heat-related illness v. baseline, with no evidence of a difference in the IRRs between those prescribed v. not prescribed antipsychotics (IRR: 1.48 [95% CI 1.40–1.56]; 1.45 [95% CI 1.35–1.56] respectively, p interaction: 0.53). Among people with depression, heatwave was similarly associated with heat-related illness, with no evidence of a difference in the IRRs between those prescribed v. not prescribed antidepressants (IRR: 1.54 [95% CI 1.46–1.64]; 1.64 [95% CI 1.57–1.71] respectively, p interaction: 0.33). Smaller increased rates of heat-related illness were also observed in pre- and post-heatwave periods, v. baseline in both cohorts. There was weak evidence of an increased risk of MI and delirium associated with heatwave v. baseline.ConclusionsWe showed an increased risk of heat-related illness, myocardial infarction and delirium associated with heatwave in people with mental health conditions regardless of whether being prescribed psychotropics. Risks of heat-related illness, myocardial infarction and delirium associated with heatwave might not be factors to influence decisions about the routine use of psychotropics.
La medición de la renta de la tierra minera en Chile y sus cursos de apropiación (1940–2017)
Authors: Rivas Gabriel , Kornblihtt Juan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present the foundations and results for a new rent database on mining land in Chile (1940–2017), which takes into account not only the surplus profits of the sector, but also the different mechanisms in which this land is appropriated by other social actors. The results are weighted in relation to the whole national economy, which is why an original time series of the general rate of profits and its components, surplus-value and total advance capital, is also provided. In this paper, we posit a methodological foundation based on Marx's developments and a critical review of the existing statistics and previous measures. The results are original as they are the first long-run time series of mining land rent which considers the main appropriation mechanisms by different social actors. In turn, it shows that previous studies underestimate the weight of mining land rent in the Chilean economy, particularly when the prices of copper are rising. In addition, the results make it possible to pose new questions regarding the development of the national specificity considered. As a result of this new evidence, we indicate specific determinations of the different political cycles in Chilean national life, showing the historical persistency of mining land rent beyond changes in its appropriation forms and, therefore, stepping outside of the import substitution industrialization and neoliberalism dichotomy, which dominates the long-run economic historiography in this country.
How do we respond to the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria? Comparison of antibiotic appraisals from 2016 to 2020 of the French, English, and German HTA agencies
Authors: Dumont Rémy , Lengliné Etienne , Delorme Clara , Bru Jean-Pierre , Ansart Sévérine , Aslangul Elisabeth , Kelley Sophie , Cochat Pierre , Chevret Sylvie , Diatta Thierno 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide growing concern over the past decades. Thus, encouraging manufacturers to develop new antibiotics is needed. We hypothesised that transparency on the regulatory appraisals of antibiotics would provide an incentive to pharmaceutical development. We thus aimed at reporting the French health technology assessment (HTA) opinions and reimbursement decision on antibiotics to those German (G-BA) and English (NICE) HTA bodies.
A qualitative analysis of the Transparency Committee of the French National Authority for Health (TC-HAS) opinions regarding antibiotics assessment between 2016 and 2020 was performed. Decisions of reimbursement by TC-HAS were compared to those from G-BA and NICE when available. TC-HAS recognized a clinical benefit (CB) for 15/15 evaluated indications, a clinical added value for 9/15, and a public health interest for 8/15. Among the valued antibiotics by HAS, 5 were recommended for restricted use as a “reserve” to protect against the risk of resistance emergence. A comparison of HTA opinions was possible across HTA for only 8 antibiotics. The G-BA granted a reserve status for 4 drugs and NICE a reserve with restricted use for 5 antibiotics. Three of these antibiotics were positioned similarly by the English, German, and French HTA bodies. This qualitative analysis of HTA opinions between different European HTA bodies shows a consistent reimbursement decision of antibiotics against MDR bacteria and tuberculosis besides the differences in the applied assessment methods. This work also shows how HTA bodies could recognize a clinical added value in a context of the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Sampling from the random cluster model on random regular graphs at all temperatures via Glauber dynamics
Authors: Galanis Andreas , Goldberg Leslie Ann , Smolarova Paulina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider the performance of Glauber dynamics for the random cluster model with real parameter

$q\gt 1$

and temperature

$\beta \gt 0$

. Recent work by Helmuth, Jenssen, and Perkins detailed the ordered/disordered transition of the model on random

$\Delta$

-regular graphs for all sufficiently large

$q$

and obtained an efficient sampling algorithm for all temperatures

$\beta$

using cluster expansion methods. Despite this major progress, the performance of natural Markov chains, including Glauber dynamics, is not yet well understood on the random regular graph, partly because of the non-local nature of the model (especially at low temperatures) and partly because of severe bottleneck phenomena that emerge in a window around the ordered/disordered transition. Nevertheless, it is widely conjectured that the bottleneck phenomena that impede mixing from worst-case starting configurations can be avoided by initialising the chain more judiciously. Our main result establishes this conjecture for all sufficiently large

$q$

(with respect to

$\Delta$

). Specifically, we consider the mixing time of Glauber dynamics initialised from the two extreme configurations, the all-in and all-out, and obtain a pair of fast mixing bounds which cover all temperatures

$\beta$

, including in particular the bottleneck window. Our result is inspired by the recent approach of Gheissari and Sinclair for the Ising model who obtained a similar flavoured mixing-time bound on the random regular graph for sufficiently low temperatures. To cover all temperatures in the RC model, we refine appropriately the structural results of Helmuth, Jenssen and Perkins about the ordered/disordered transition and show spatial mixing properties ‘within the phase’, which are then related to the evolution of the chain.
Compact multiband cuff button antenna for WBAN application
Authors: Bijimanzil Abdulkareem Sapna , Kuppusamy Ramasamy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A compact dual layer conformal wearable quad band antenna is proposed for wireless body area network applications. The proposed button like patch antenna resonates at 2.5 GHz (industrial, scientific, and medical bands)/3.6 GHz sub six 5G band/5.75 GHz (wireless local area network/ISM band)/ and 9.8 GHz (X band) frequencies. The circular textile antenna is constructed with jean and polydimethylsiloxane substrate having a slotted ground of radius 10 mm and thickness 1.5 mm. The simulated gains obtained at the operating bands are 1.85/2.03/1.49/3.27 dBi, respectively. The designed antenna’s directed radiation pattern assures reduced backward radiation to body tissue. The specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis for the antenna at multiple resonant frequencies has also been reported, which are well below the SAR threshold of 1.6 W/kg for 1 gm of tissue, indicating that the model works adequately for wearable applications. The experimental characterization on- and off-body of the fabricated antenna validates the simulated results.
Spectral and magnetic properties of the jet base in NGC 315
Authors: Ricci L. , Boccardi B. , Röder J. , Perucho M. , Mattia G. , Kadler M. , Benke P. , Bartolini V. , Krichbaum T. P. , Madika E. 
Published: December 2024

Aims. The dynamics of relativistic jets in inner parsec regions are deeply affected by the nature of magnetic fields. The level of magnetization of the plasma as well as the geometry of these fields on compact scales have not yet been fully constrained.
Methods. In this paper, we employ multi-frequency and multi-epoch very long baseline interferometry observations of the nearby radio galaxy NGC 315. We aim to derive insights into the magnetic field properties on sub-parsec and parsec scales by examining observational signatures such as the spectral index, synchrotron turnover frequency, and brightness temperature profiles. This analysis was performed by considering the properties of the jet acceleration and collimation zone, which can be probed thanks to the source vicinity as well as the inner part of the jet conical region.
Results. We observed remarkably steep values for the spectral index on sub-parsec scales (α ∼ −2, Sν ∝ να), which flatten around α ∼ −0.8 on parsec scales. We suggest that the observed steep values may result from particles being accelerated via diffusive shock acceleration mechanisms in magnetized plasma and subsequently experiencing cooling through synchrotron losses. The brightness temperature of the 43 GHz cores indicates a dominance of the magnetic energy at the jet base, while the cores at progressively lower frequencies reveal a gradual transition toward equipartition. Based on the spectral index and brightness temperature along the incoming jet and by employing theoretical models, we derived that the magnetic field strength has a close-to-linear dependence with distance going from parsec scales up to the jet apex. Overall, our findings are consistent with a toroidal-dominated magnetic field on all the analyzed scales.
A population-based model of indicators of allied health workforce needs: proof-of-concept in podiatry
Authors: Horsley Joshua , Nancarrow Susan 
Published: December 2024

Objective Allied health workforce planning faces challenges because of insufficient metrics that accurately reflect population need for services. This paper presents a method and proof-of-concept in the podiatry profession for developing population-based need indicators and indices suitable for allied health workforce planning and comparative benchmarking. Methods Population-based indicators of podiatry need were selected and combined into an index of need by Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) in Australia. Medicare patient age and sex distributions for relevant item numbers were used to determine the inclusion of specific population age groups and sex as indicators. Other indicators included diabetes, socioeconomic status, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status. The need index was calculated based by aggregating these indicators at the SA3 level. The resulting need index was compared with podiatry supply (per capita clinician counts) using a population-weighted correlation coefficient (pwCorr). Results Analysis of Medicare usage data led to the inclusion of indicators: population aged 65 and over, and female gender. The need index had a small but significant negative correlation with supply at the SA3-level (pwCorr = −0.12, P = 0.03) and positively, but not significantly, correlated at the state/territory-level (pwCorr = 0.42, P = 0.30). Conclusions Developing profession-specific population-based need indices provides a valuable tool for allied health workforce planners to benchmark need and supply within professions. Combining single need indicators with supply metrics offers a concise framework for effective workforce planning and advocacy.
Nitrate toxicity and health hazards: Problems and mitigation challenges
Authors: Kesarwani Amit , Pramanick Biswajit , Chowdhury Arnab Roy , Rani Manisha , Kumar Rajeew , Jayara Alok Singh , Saini Ramesh Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Nitrogenous fertilizers are considered an essential input for productive agriculture and the factor highly responsible for higher biomass production. Unfortunately, intensive mineral fertilization brings tremendous changes in soil fertility and productivity, but productivity decreases rapidly in cereal-based cropping systems or without legumes. The excessive use of mineral nitrogenous fertilizers reported an increase in potential health hazards and environmental problems such as groundwater contamination, eutrophication, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and methemoglobinemia in humans. With future applications’ elevated use and prognosis, this problem may expand to several folds in the approaching decades. Large consumption of defiled water or food with higher concentrations of nitrates (according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the permissible limit is 7 mg.kg
−1
body weight per day) causes severe infant diseases such as Blue Baby Syndrome, respiratory ailments, gastric cancer, birth malformation and other health problems which earlier were rarely explained or explored worldwide. The unsustainable agronomic practices resulted in our soil being stripped of natural health and blind dependency on mineral fertilizers, ultimately leading to poor human and environmental health. There is an immediate need for new technologies related to farming systems to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in view of changing climate. Various sustainable practices such as applying organic manures, precision N management, Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) approach, and nitrogen (N) inhibitors hold tremendous potential to reduce the ill effects of nitrates and secure the food chain if adopted on a large scale.