bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Biopolymeric Films Produced from Fruit and Vegetable Waste
Authors: S Vijaya Kumar M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Over the past decades, significant efforts have been made to prepare biofilms. These efforts aim to achieve biopolymeric films from fruits and vegetables waste with soluble and biodegradable new films. In the current study, biopolymeric films were prepared by the starch extracted from banana peel and potato peel and the mechanical and physical properties of the prepared samples were studied. The mechanical property showed that tensile strength decreased by increasing the banana peel starch content whereas the percentage elongation at break was increased. The swelling studies revealed that the weight of the films increased when the film was soaked in distilled water. Biodegradation studies showed biopolymeric films with potato peel composition of was 60% (P60) and 100% (P100) were completely degraded in 16 days. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicated an increase in the degradation rate compared to the biofilms prepared using neat banana and potato peel starch. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images suggesting two-phase morphology which shows incompatibility of the blends prepared by potato and banana starch. The pure potato peel-based starch film showed good results compared to other compositions as well as neat banana peel starch based films. Based on the results obtained for 100% potato peel shows higher values compare to other compositions. The results suggested that the prepared biopolymeric films could be mainly used in wrapping applications and food packaging where load bearing properties is of least importance.
A Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship Exercise in Interprofessional Education – A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Schwartz Jennifer E. , Ko Paul , Freed Stephanie , Safdar Neelum , Christman Megan , Page Renee , Wallach Paul M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Medical students must function within an interprofessional team to provide effective, patient-centered care. Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM) integrated an interprofessional exercise into each clerkship to improve understanding of each professional’s contribution to patient care.
Methods: Between 2022-2023, IUSM medical students interviewed a healthcare professional engaged in the care of a mutual patient, answered questions, and evaluated the experience. Students interviewed a different professional in each clerkship to broaden their exposure.
Results: 3088 encounters occurred, 67.5% at the Indianapolis campus and 32.5% at regional campuses. 82.6 – 94.5% of students agreed or strongly agreed that the exercise aided their understanding of the benefits of an interprofessional team to patient care, that they understood when participation of the specific healthcare professional would benefit their patient, that the experience contributed to their understanding of the role of that profession within the healthcare team, that their confidence in engaging other healthcare professionals on the health care team improved, and that the experience aided in understanding of their own role as a member of the health care team.
Conclusion: This exercise was easy to implement across a multi-campus system and improved student satisfaction and comprehension of the interprofessional team and indications for their engagement in patient care.
Microsoft HoloLens 2 vs. Tablet-based Augmented Reality and 3D printing for fronto- orbital reconstruction of craniosynostosis: A case study
Authors: Pose-Díez-de-la-Lastra Alicia , García-Sevilla Mónica , Tapp Austin , Tousidonis Manuel , Darriba-Alles Juan-Vicente , Linguraru Marius George , Pascau Javier , Ochandiano Santiago 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background Craniosynostosis is a congenital condition characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures, leading to potential complications such as abnormal skull growth, increased intracranial pressure, and cognitive delays. Traditionally, open cranial vault reconstruction (OCVR) has been used to treat this condition. However, it is highly subjective and greatly dependent on the surgeon's expertise, which can lead to residual deformities and the need for reoperation. Effective preoperative planning can greatly improve surgical outcomes, although the major challenge is accurately translating this plan into the clinical setting. Recently, augmented reality (AR) and 3D printing have emerged as promising technologies to facilitate this endeavor. In this work, we propose three alternatives, leveraging these technologies, to guide the precise repositioning of remodeled bone fragments in the patient.Methods The three guidance methods are AR on a tablet, AR with Microsoft HoloLens 2, and 3D-printed spacers. The accuracy of each method was assessed by measuring the deviation of each bone fragment from the virtual surgical plan (VSP) in a simulated environment using 3D-printed phantoms based on a 14-month-old boy with trigonocephaly. The same assessment was also performed during his actual surgery.Results All three guidance methods demonstrated similar levels of accuracy, with mean placement errors below 1 mm in all cases. The AR systems allowed for real-time adjustments, enhancing precision. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in error rates between the different methods or attempts.Conclusions Integrating AR and 3D printing into craniosynostosis surgery holds great potential for improving OCVR. While 3D-printed spacers are useful when digital technologies are unavailable, AR-based methods provide more comprehensive guidance. Nevertheless, our study suggests that the choice may depend more on the specific clinical context, user-specific skills, and available resources rather than on a clear superiority of one method over the others.
Telugu domain identification using multiple channel LSTM-CNN
Authors: Buddha Hari Kumar , P Chitra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Retrieving domain-oriented information from text data offers a wide range of applications in information retrieval and natural language processing due to the rapid increase of text information. The text is condensed and represented by thematic keywords. Text summarization, information extraction, question-answering, machine translation, and sentiment analysis all frequently rely heavily on domain identification. In this study, we proposed the Telugu Technical Domain Identification Multichannel LSTM-CNN approach. The ICON shared task "TechDOfication 2020" utilised and tested this architecture, and our system received a 69.9% F1 score on the test dataset and a 90.01% F1 score on the validation set.
Geological and experimental evidence of bioavailable phosphite during the Great Oxygenation Event
Authors: Baidya Abu , Boden Joanne , Li Yuhao , Smith Albertus , Konhauser Kurt , Stüeken Eva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) availability throughout geologic time has likely impacted the co-evolution of life and Earth’s environments. Phylogenetic data suggest that phosphate was the primary P-source for microbial life during the Archean, but phosphite, a reduced form of P, became relatively more important leading up towards the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE) in the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic. However, seawater phosphite concentrations during this time, and the potential processes driving this shift in P utilization, are unknown. Here, we performed laboratory experiments simulating the precipitation of banded iron formations (BIFs) as hydrous ferric oxyhydroxides (HFO) in deionized water, diluted seawater, and seawater containing phosphate and phosphite. We also measured phosphite concentrations in BIF samples from four Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic formations. Our results indicate a weaker removal of phosphite compared to phosphate by HFO irrespective of solution chemistry. Paired with measurements of phosphite (up to 0.05–250 ppm) in BIFs, we estimate that seawater phosphite concentration at the onset of the GOE could have reached up to 0.01–0.17 µM. We propose that the preferential removal of phosphate relative to phosphite by HFO, coupled with microbial competition for P facilitated by oxygenic photosynthesis, might have created phosphate-depleted environments, prompting life to exploit alternative P sources such as phosphite.
Relationship between intraoperative blood pressure variability and postoperative acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Xiao Rong , Zhou Ronghua , Luo Ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a notably common complication in pediatrics, with an incidence rate ranging from 15% to 64%. This rate is significantly higher than that observed in adults. Currently, there is a lack of substantial evidence regarding the association between intraoperative blood pressure variability (BPV) during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the development of AKI in pediatric patients.
Methods This retrospective observational study encompassed children aged of 0 – 7
years undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. Intraoperative BPV was calculated using coefficients of variation (CVs) and the area under the curve (AUC). Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify risk factors associated with CSA-AKI.
Results Among 570 patients (median age 1 year) reviewed. 36.1% developed CSA-AKI (68.9% risk stage, 22.8% injury stage, 8.3% failure stage). After adjusting for other variables, male gender (OR=2.044, 95%CI: 1.297-3.222, P=0.002), congenital heart surgery risk assessment grade (RACHS-1) classification ≥3 (OR=0.510, 95%CI: 0.307-0.846, P=0.009), longer CPB time (OR=1.022, 95%CI: 1.007-1.037, P=0.004) and higher peak value of intraoperative vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) (OR=1.072, 95%CI: 1.026-1.119, P=0.002) were identified as independent risk factors for CSA-AKI. ±30%AUCm was different in univariate analysis (P=0.014), however, not statistically different in multifactor analysis (P=0.610).
Conclusion Greater BPV, specifically MAP variations exceeding 30%AUC during CPB, may be a potential risk factor for CSA-AKI in pediatric. Further large sample clinical studies are warranted to analyze the correlation between BPV and CSA-AKI.
Mfsd2a suppresses colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis via the S100A14/STAT3 axis
Authors: Sun linfeng , Pu Liyong , Li Xiangdong , Xiao Yuhao , Yu Wenjie , Chen Xuyang , Wang Ziyi , Xia Nan , Chen Xuejiao , Chen Minghao , Zhu Haoliang , Li Jie , Wei Jie , Han Sheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits a high incidence globally, with the liver being the most common site of distant metastasis. At the time of diagnosis, 20–30% of CRC patients already present with liver metastases. Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is a major cause of mortality among CRC patients. The pathogenesis of CRLM involves complex molecular mechanisms and the hepatic immune microenvironment, but current clinical prevention and treatment are significantly limited. Recent studies have revealed that the major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein-2a (Mfsd2a) plays a pivotal role in the development and metastasis of various cancers.. For instance, Mfsd2a inhibits gastric cancer initiation and progression and may impact angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which Mfsd2a influences CRC progression and liver metastasis remain unclear.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a survival analysis of Mfsd2a in colorectal cancer using data from the GEPIA and GEO databases, and examined the expression differences between primary tumor (PT) and liver metastasis (LM). We further assessed the clinical significance and prognostic relevance of Mfsd2a through immunohistochemical analysis of tissue samples from 70 CRLM patients. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to perform survival analysis on these patients. The biological function of Mfsd2a in CRLM was confirmed by a series of experiments conducted both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we investigated downstream molecular pathways using western blot, co- immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and mass spectrometry techniques.
Results
We observed that Mfsd2a expression is reduced in LM compared to PT, and higher Mfsd2a levels are associated with better prognosis in CRLM patients. Furthermore, function assays demonstrated that Mfsd2a suppresses CRC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro, while also delaying tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, Mfsd2a interacts with S100A14, enhancing its expression and inhibiting phosphorylation of STAT3. In addition, the STAT3 activator colivelin partially reversed the inhibitory effect of Mfsd2a overexpression on the progression of colorectal cancer and liver metastasis.
Conclusion
In summary, Mfsd2a inhibits colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis by interacting with S100A14, thereby suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT3. Mfsd2a functions as a tumor suppressor in CRLM and could be a promising therapeutic target for treating CRC patients with liver metastasis.
Evaluation of urinary vanin-1 for the early prediction of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Uchino Tomonobu , Iwano Yuna , Miyazaki Yasunori , Nakajo Michiaki , Osawa Misa , Nagai Erina , Taki Yusuke , Sato Shinsuke , Watanabe Masaya , Takagi Masakazu , Kagawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Cisplatin (CDDP) induces acute kidney injury (AKI) as a side effect during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Urinary vanin-1 excretion might increase during CDDP treatment. We investigated whether urinary vanin-1 may be an early biomarker of CDDP-induced AKI.
Methods
Thirty patients were administrated 80 mg/m2 CDDP on day 1 as NAC for esophageal cancer. Blood and urine samples were collected on days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 after CDDP administration. Serum creatinine (sCr) and urinary vanin-1 were measured. Creatinine clearance (cCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were calculated from sCr. Based on the change of sCr after CDDP administration, AKI and non-AKI groups were defined using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes classification. Changes in sCr, cCr, eGFR, and urinary vanin-1 were compared between the two groups.
Results
A gradual increase in sCr and decrease in eGFR were observed over time post-CDDP administration, with differences between the two groups becoming significant by day 4. However, urinary vanin-1 levels increased on day 3 after CDDP administration, and the difference between the two groups was already significant on day 3. Receiver operating characteristic curves of urinary vanin-1 on day 3 revealed that a cut-off value of 3.17 ng urinary vanin-1/mg urinary creatinine yielded an area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.83 (P < 0.05), 75.0%, and 22.7%, respectively. The non-AKI incidence below the cut-off value of urinary vanin-1 of 3.17 ng/mg uCr was 89.5%.
Conclusion
Urinary vanin-1 is a superior minimally invasive biomarker for early prediction of CDDP-induced AKI.
Safety and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Pre-treatment Reduced Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Tzuberi Maor , Brzezinski Rafael Y. , Flint Nir , Slieman Moaad , Zornitzki Lior , Viskin Dana , Hemed Anna Rozenfeld , Waissengrin Barliz , Barak Renana , Golomb Inbal , Wolf Ido , Topilsky Yan , Banai Shmuel , Kapusta Livia , Perl Michal Laufer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment outcomes. However, the response varies across different populations, and their use may lead to life-threatening cardiovascular (CV) events. While pre-treatment reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is considered a marker for high-risk cardiotoxicity and a contraindication for anthracycline and HER2-targeted therapies, there is limited evidence on the safety and efficacy of ICIs therapy in patients presenting with pre-treatment reduced LVEF. The study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICIs therapy in patients with pre-treatment reduced LVEF.
Methods: Retrospective single center cohort of patients treated with ICIs therapy, who performed pre-treatment LVEF assessment. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of ICIs among this population, assessed by CV events (composite of myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and arrhythmias). The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the efficacy of ICIs, assessed by all-cause mortality and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results: The cohort included 307 patients, with 30 (10%) presenting with pre-treatment reduced LVEF, with a mean LVEF of 39±7%. While a significantly higher incidence of CV events was observed in the reduced LVEF group (37% vs. 14%, p=0.004), following a multivariate Cox regression analysis including baseline CV diseases and risk factors, pre-treatment reduced LVEF did not remain a significant independent predictor (p=0.635). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding all-cause mortality and PFS.
Conclusions: Pre-treatment reduced LVEF was not identified as an independent marker for the safety and efficacy of ICIs therapy.
Palliative Endoscopic Treatment of Malignant Central Airway Obstruction
Authors: Bøgh Mads , Heinonen Sebastian , Larsen Dalia Gustaityté , Gade Søren , Schytte Sten , Pedersen Ulrik , Kjaergaard Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the outcome of palliative endoscopic treatment of malignant central airway obstruction (CAO) and identify predictors for Days Alive and Out of Hospital (DAOH), overall survival and treatment related complications.
Methods: Consecutive adult patients treated endoscopically for malignant CAO at Aarhus University Hospital from 2012 to 2022 were included in the study. Statistical analyses were carried out to identify predictors for DAOH, survival and complications.
Results: 127 consecutive patients met the inclusion criteria. The majority of patients were categorised with stage IV lung cancer, the majority being males, with a median age of 67 years. The endoscopic interventions were mainly tumour debulking combined with airway stent insertion or tumour debulking alone. The complication rate was 21.0 % and the mortality rate was 3.9 %. In total, 89.8 % of the patients experienced symptom relief following surgery, and the majority (92.1 %) were discharged from hospital within two days after intervention. Mean survival time following intervention was 144 days, mean DAOH30 was 20.8 and mean DAOH365 was 157. Survival was associated with comorbidity, type of intervention, preoperative respiratory support and postoperative oncologic treatment. A high preoperative ASA-score, preoperative respiratory support, urgency of intervention, female gender and insertion of airway stent were predictors for a poorer DAOH-outcome.
Conclusion: Endoscopic palliative treatment of malignant CAO is generally feasible and safe, offering symptom relief in most cases. The method is considered an effective measure for short to median term palliation of respiratory distress.
A prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled study on the effectiveness and safety of oral lactulose combined with carbohydrate-based clear fluids for bowel preparation in painless colonoscopy
Authors: Huang Chen , Liu Hongli , Luo Jing , Xu Zhe , Tian Xu , Li Jibin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lactulose combined with carbohydrate-based clear fluid for bowl preparation in painless colonoscopy procedures.
Methods
A total of 209 patients undergoing painless colonoscopy at Chongqing General Hospital between March and December 2023 were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into either the experimental (n = 104) or the control group (n = 105). The experimental group received lactulose (100-200ml) combined with carbohydrate-based clear fluid (800ml) and simethicone (12ml), while the control group received the standard reconstituted solution of polyethylene glycol electrolyte (3L) and simethicone (12ml). Outcomes assessed included the success rate of bowl preparation, safety, and willingness to repeat the bowel cleaning regime.
Results
There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the groups (33.7% vs. 40%). The success rate of bowel preparation was similar between the experimental and control groups (96.2% vs. 97.1%). The change in blood glucose levels before and after bowel preparation was significantly lower in the experimental group (0.01 mmol/L vs. 0.23 mmol/L). Patient willingness to repeat the bowel preparation regimen was also similar (96.2% vs. 95.2%). Subgroup analysis of high-risk patients showed no significant differences between the two groups in all outcomes.
Conclusion
Lactulose combined with carbohydrate-based clear fluid is a well-tolerated and comfortable regimen for bowel preparation, achieving high rates of preparation success and lesion detection comparable to polyethylene glycol electrolyte solutions.
Trial registration:
The study protocol was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry platform on Jun 20, 2022, with the register number of ChiCTR2200062035.
Community-based pathogen-specific incidence of influenza-like illness due to respiratory viruses in South-central Vietnam in 2009–2012, after a pandemic of influenza A viruses
Authors: Takahashi Kensuke , Tsuzuki Shinya , Le Minh Nhat , Anh Nguyen Hien , Anh Dang Duc , Ariyoshi Koya , Yoshida Lay-Myint 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background.
Influenza-like illness (ILI) is one of the most common illnesses caused by various respiratory viruses and brings high expense to household directly or indirectly. However, the pathogen-specific incidence and health-seeking behaviour in communities is not well described.
Method.
A longitudinal cohort study using a self-recorded health calendar among 1,000 households was performed in South-central Vietnam from October 2009 to September 2012. Endemic respiratory viruses in the community were monitored by random sampling in polyclinics. Monthly incidence of specific pathogens was calculated using Bayesian method.
Findings.
Among 5,016 household members, 3,687 ILI episodes were reported during study period. Monthly incidence of ILI was 21.7 (95% confidence interval 21.0–22.4) per 1,000 population for all ages and highest in children under 2 years old with 71.6 (64.7–81.8) followed by 2–4 years old with 71.3 (65.8–78.2). Rhinovirus had the highest incidence with 22.5 among the age under 2 years, followed by adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with 12.5 and 9.9, respectively. The majority of individuals sought treatment from drug stores rather than healthcare facilities except for younger children. RSV outbreaks significantly increase the numbers of health care visit among children under 2 years but not in older age groups.
Interpretation.
Several surges of ILI were attributed by multiple respiratory viruses. Health care seeking patterns were varied by pathogens. Highly transmissible viruses like rhinovirus and adenovirus have potential risk of next pandemic.