bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging and spatial cues influence the updating of navigational memories
Authors: Merhav Maayan , Wolbers Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUpdating navigational memories is important for everyday tasks. It was recently found that older adults are impaired in updating spatial representations in small, bi-dimensional layouts. Because performance in small-scale areas cannot predict navigational behavior, we investigated how aging affects the updating of navigational memories encoded in large, 3-dimensional environments. Moreover, since locations can be encoded relative to the observer (egocentric encoding) or relative to landmarks (allocentric encoding), we tested whether the presumed age-related spatial updating deficit depends on the available spatial cues. By combining whole-body motion tracking with immersive virtual reality, we could dissociate egocentric and allocentric spatial cues and assess navigational memory under ecologically valid conditions (i.e., providing body-based and visual cues). In the task, objects were relocated overnight, and young and older participants had to navigate to the updated locations of the objects. In addition to replicating age-related deficits in allocentric memory, we found age-related impairments in updating navigational memories following egocentric encoding. Finally, older participants depicted stronger representations of the previous navigational context that were correlated with their spatial updating deficits. Given that these effects may stem from inefficient suppression of former navigational memories, our findings propose a mechanism that helps explain the navigational decline in aging.
A unique life cycle transition in the red seaweed Pyropia yezoensis depends on apospory
Authors: Mikami Koji , Li Chengze , Irie Ryunosuke , Hama Yoichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPlant life cycles consist of two temporally separated stages: a haploid gametophyte and a diploid sporophyte. In plants employing a haploid–diploid sexual life cycle, the transition from sporophyte to gametophyte generally depends on meiosis. However, previous work has shown that in the red seaweed Pyropia yezoensis, this transition is independent of meiosis, though how and when it occurs is unknown. Here, we explored this question using transcriptomic profiling of P. yezoensis gametophytes, sporophytes, and conchosporangia parasitically produced on sporophytes. We identify a knotted-like homeobox gene that is predominately expressed in the conchosporangium and may determine its identity. We also find that spore-like single cells isolated from the conchosporangium develop directly into gametophytes, indicating that the gametophyte identity is established before the release of conchospores and prior to the onset of meiosis. Based on our findings, we propose a triphasic life cycle for P. yezoensis involving production of gametophytes by apospory.
Microstructure and optical and electrical properties of TiO2 nanotube thin films prepared by spin‐coating method
Authors: Bao Tana , Ning Jun , Bolag Altan , Narengerile Narengerile 
Published: August 2019

Titanium dioxide nanotubes prepared by hydrothermal method and the TiO2 films and TiO2 nanotube film were prepared by spin‐coating method. The TiO2 nanotube film and a part of TiO2 film were annealed at 150°C for 1 h, while the another part of TiO2 film was annealed at 500°C. The high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the TiO2 nanotubes prepared by hydrothermal method have been crystallised and the lattice plane indices corresponded to anatase {200}, and the TiO2 nanotube grown along the 〈100〉 direction. The atomic force microscopy results show that the surface morphology of the TiO2 film annealed at 150°C was smooth and uniform (0.62 nm in roughness) compared to the surface morphology of TiO2 film annealed at 500°C (roughness is 2.41 nm). For the TiO2 nanotube film, the nanotube fragments were uniformly dispersed in the base and the complete films have been prepared and the roughness was reached to 6.4 nm. The optical properties showed that the visible light transmittance of the TiO2 nanotube film was larger (larger than 95%) than the TiO2 film. The electrical properties showed that square resistance of TiO2 nanotube film was smaller than that of TiO2 film.
Detection of new strongly variable brown dwarfs in the L/T transition
Authors: Eriksson Simon C. , Janson Markus , Calissendorff Per 
Published: August 2019

Context. Brown dwarfs in the spectral range L9–T3.5, within the so called L/T transition, have been shown to be variable at higher amplitudes and with greater frequency than other field dwarfs. This strong variability allows for the probing of their atmospheric structure in 3D through multi-wavelength observations for studying the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the variability. The few known strongly variable dwarfs in this range have been extensively studied. Now, more variables such as these need to be discovered and studied to better constrain atmospheric models. This is also critical to better understand giant exoplanets and to shed light on a number of possible correlations between brown dwarf characteristics and variability.
Aims. Previous studies suggest an occurrence rate for strong variability (peak-to-peak amplitudes > 2%) of up to ∼39% among brown dwarfs within the L/T transition. In this work, we aim to discover new strong variables in this spectral range by targeting ten previously unsurveyed brown dwarfs.
Methods. We used the NOTCam at the Nordic Optical Telescope to observe 11 targets, with spectral types ranging from L9.5 to T3.5, in the J-band during October 2017 and September 2018. Using differential aperture photometry, we then analysed the light curves for significant variability using Lomb-Scargle periodogram algorithms and least squares fitting.
Results. We report first discoveries of strong and significant variability in four out of the ten targets (false alarm probability < 0.1%), measuring peak-to-peak amplitudes up to 10.7 ± 0.4% in J for the T1 dwarf 2MASS J22153705+2110554, for which we observe significant light curve evolution between the 2017 and 2018 epochs. We also report a marginally significant detection of strong variability, and confirm that the well known 2MASS J01365662+0933473 is still strongly variable three years after the last reported epoch. Finally, we present an extensive multi-epoch catalogue of strong variables reported in the literature and discuss possible correlations that are identifiable from the catalogue.
Conclusions. We significantly add to the number of known strong variables, and through Poisson statistics infer an occurrence rate for strong variability among L9–T3.5 brown dwarfs of 40 +32−19%, which is in agreement with previous estimates. The new variables identified in this work are also excellently suited for extensive multi-wavelength observations dedicated to probing the 3D structure of brown dwarf atmospheres.
New insights on the central stellar population and gas outflow in NGC 1068 from YJH spectroscopy with SPHERE/VLT
Authors: Vermot Pierre , Clénet Yann , Gratadour Damien 
Published: August 2019

Aims. We characterise the properties of stars, dust, and gas and their spatial distribution in the central region of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068.
Method. Our study is based on near-infrared (YJH, 0.95−1.650 μm, R = 350) long-slit spectroscopy observations of the central region of NGC 1068 with a 0.4″ spatial resolution. We decomposed the observed continuum emission into three components: hot dust, stars, and scattered light from the central engine. We measured their contributions at various distances from the nucleus. We also measured fluxes and Doppler shifts for the emission lines in our spectrum to probe the physical conditions of the narrow line region.
Results. Dust and stars are the main sources of continuum emission, but scattered light from the central engine has also been detected in the very central region. Together, these three components reproduce the observed continuum well. The dust emission is compatible with a 830 K blackbody. It has only been detected in the very central region and is not spatially resolved. The stellar content is ubiquitous. It harbours a 250 pc cusp centred around the nucleus, over-imposed on a young stellar background. The spectrum of the cusp is consistent with a 120 Myr old single stellar population. Finally, the emission lines exhibit a significant Doppler shift that is consistent with a radial outflow from the nucleus in a biconical structure. The [Fe II] behaviour strongly differs from other lines, indicating that it arises from a different structure.
Comparison of Knee Kinematics and Kinetics during Stair Descent in Single- and Multi-Radius Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sumner Bonnie , McCamley John , Jacofsky David J. , Jacofsky Marc C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite continuing advances, nearly 20% of patients remain dissatisfied with their total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes. Single-radius (SR) and multiradius (MR) TKA designs are two commonly used knee replacement designs based on competing theories of the flexion/extension axis of the knee. Our aim was to characterize stair descent kinematics and kinetics in SR and MR TKA subjects. We hypothesized that 1 year after TKA, patients who received SR TKA will more closely replicate the knee kinematics and kinetics of healthy age-matched controls during stair descent, than will MR TKA patients. SR subjects (n = 12), MR subjects (n = 12), and age-matched controls (n = 12) descended four stairs affixed to force platforms, while 10 infrared cameras tracked markers attached to the body to collect kinematic and kinetic data. Both patient groups had improvements in stair descent kinetics and kinematics at the 1-year postoperative time point. However, SR TKA subjects were indistinguishable statistically from age-matched controls, while MR TKA subjects retained many differences from controls. Similar to previous reports for level walking, the SR knee design performs closer to healthy controls than MR knees during stair descent. This study demonstrates that patients who receive SR TKA have more improved kinematic normalization during stair descent postoperatively than those who received an MR TKA.
Spontaneous Per Oral Explantation of Intragastric Balloon—A Case Report
Authors: Karthik Somu , Shah Aashish R. , Ravishankar K. S. , Jan Nawab 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObesity is a modern-day pandemic that was once a disease of only the affluent Western world. However, over the years it has achieved a global footprint. The need to treat obesity with nonsurgical means in patients who do not qualify or refuse bariatric surgery or in some patients as a bridge to surgery is all the more relevant now. It is for this subset of patients that a modality like the intragastric balloon holds promise. Previously reported complications of the balloon include esophagitis, severe nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, hiccoughs, belching, intestinal obstruction, gastric perforation, pancreatitis, and aspiration.1 Balloon rupture/leak leading to intestinal migration and obstruction has been managed by surgical intervention. Review of literature did not reveal any report of spontaneous per oral explantation of the deflated balloon. We are reporting a case of the same.
Sedation and Anesthesia in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Indian Scenario
Authors: Shah Apurva , Bohra Shravan , Shah Megha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSedation in endoscopy is a drug-induced depression in the level of consciousness. Traditionally, the sedation regime most commonly used for conscious sedation during gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy was a combination of opioids and benzodiazepines. However, in the last two decades, propofol is regarded as the sine qua non agent for gastroenterological endoscopic sedation. A thorough risk evaluation before the procedure and monitoring during the procedure are paramount. In elective endoscopy, unplanned adverse events are rare, occurring in 1.4% of procedures. All currently available guidelines state that the endoscopist is not permitted to administer propofol and to monitor the patient. This task must be done by an additional person, who has the sole responsibility of administering the sedative and monitoring the patient. Various scoring systems exist for defining the discharge criteria, of which the Aldrete score is the most commonly used.
Factors Related to Meniscal Extrusion and Cartilage Lesions in Medial Meniscus Root Tears
Authors: Jeon Sang-Woo , Jung Min , Choi Chong Hyuk , Kim Sung-Guk , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting medial meniscus extrusion and cartilage degeneration in medial meniscus root tears (MMRT) and to determine the optimal cut-off values for the factors that predict disease severity. We retrospectively evaluated 86 consecutive patients diagnosed with an isolated MMRT by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations and arthroscopic procedures for 2 years. Patient-specific factors such as age, sex, the time between injury and MRI (mTIME), the time between injury and surgery (sTIME), the time between MRI and surgery (dTIME), Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grades, and the mechanical tibiofemoral axis angle (mTFA) were documented. Regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. The mTIME was only positively correlated with meniscal extrusion (r = 0.425, p < 0.001). The patients who had grades 3 and 4 cartilage lesions had only significantly higher KL grades and longer sTIME than the patients who had lower grades of cartilage lesion (6.5 months [interquartile range (IQ): 3.0–12.0) vs. 2.5 months [IQ: 0.9–3.9]; p < 0.001). The cut-off value of mTIME and sTIME were 2.5 and 6 months. Relapse times greater than 2.5 months and 6 months after a specific event were associated with a 7.8-fold increased risk for meniscus extrusion and an 18.2-fold increased risk for cartilage lesions, respectively. The risk of medial extrusion of the meniscus and the severity of articular cartilage lesions increased with time after an injury. The period of time from 2.5 to 6 months after traumatic event might be a critical window for intervention in the patients with MMRT to perform the repair in the status which the meniscus did not extrude more than 3 mm and the cartilage lesion did not progress more than grade 3. This study is a retrospective and uncontrolled case series and reflects level IV of evidence.
Strained epitaxial interfaces of metal (Pd, Pt, Au) overlayers on nonpolar CdS (

101¯0

) surfaces from first-principles
Authors: Gupta S. S. , van Huis M. A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The depositions of (1 1 1) and (1 0 0) overlayers of Pd, Pt and Au on the CdS (1 0

0) surface are studied within epitaxial mismatches of 6%–7%, using spin-polarized density functional theory. For both compressively strained and tensile-strained interfaces, the (1 0 0) overlayers were found to be thermodynamically more stable owing to better interfacial matching, and higher surface uncoordination resulting in higher reactivity. Pt(1 1 1) exhibits slip dislocations even for five-atomic-layer thick Pt slabs. Along with the leading metal-S interaction, the interfacial charge transfers indicate a weak metal-Cd interaction which decreases in strength in the order Pd  >  Pt  ∼  Au. For the same substrate area, the accumulation of electronic charge for Pt overlayers is  ∼1.5–2 times larger than that of Pd and Au. The n-type Schottky barriers of Au overlayers with the minimum mismatch are within 0.1 eV of the predictions of Schottky–Mott rule, indicating a relatively ideal, scantily reactive interface structure. This is in clear contrast to the Pt epitaxial overlayers which deviate by 0.6–0.8 eV.
Dissipated electrical power and electron density in an RF atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet
Authors: Golda J , Kogelheide F , Awakowicz P , Gathen V Schulz-von der 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasmas have great potential, especially for biomedical applications, due to the large number of reactive species produced. In particular with regard to these applications, the comparability of processes through appropriate control of plasma parameters is essential for treatment safety. Here we present a method for the operando determination of absolute absorbed power in an RF atmospheric pressure helium plasma discharge using miniaturized probes. A detailed error analysis demonstrates the reliability of the measured power values. With the help of a global model, the sheath width and electron density (4 × 1016–11 × 1016 m−3) are derived from these power measurements and compared to literature. The results and thus the validity of the electrical model are confirmed by a second, independent characterization method using optical emission spectroscopy and time-averaged imaging.
Response of Composite Laminate Beam Using Higher Order Beam Theory
Authors: Narkhede Kundan M , Gadade Appaso M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work proposes the composite laminate beam behaviour using higher order beam theory (HBT). The higher order displacement field with twelve degrees of freedom and nine node isoparametric element is used for the finite element formulation. The finite element model for linear static analysis is developed using MATLAB code. The numerical results are obtained for the deflection of beam for arbitrary boundary conditions, stacking angle, aspect ratio and different loading conditions. The results are validated using the literature and it shows good agreement.
A novel hybrid MCDM approach based on DEMATEL, AHP and TOPSIS to evaluate green suppliers
Authors: Jayant Arvind , Neeru  , Agarwal Anshul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study present a new hybrid strategic decision-making framework for multi-criteria assessment for Green Supply Chain supplier selection, which joins numerous green processes with order allocation for vibrant supply chains to deal with market differences. More precisely, the established approach replicates the knowledge attainment and manipulation in a way same to the decision makers who have congregated significant knowledge and expertise in procurement domain. DEMATEL is first applied to find the causal relationship between the criteria and to find out the most affecting criteria. AHP method is used for evaluation of green supplier criteria weights, which are qualitatively expressive. Thereafter, using TOPSIS method, the criteria application is quantitatively assessed for order allocation of suppliers. As a result, the approach produces decision-making knowledge, and thereafter, the established combination of rules for order allocation. To illustrate the applicability of the developed framework, a real-life study Indian electronics industry is developed, and the results are analysed accordingly.
CFD Analysis of Diesel Autorickshaw Exhaust System
Authors: Yadav Monil , Sansgiri Sanjiv M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This work aims to study exhaust flow pattern of one of the Three Wheeler Exhaust System (Bajaj RE Diesel Auto Rickshaw) in order to understand the exhaust characteristics, implications to surroundings, flow tendencies and exhaust dispersion at outlet. This work utilizes Finite Volume Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis which is performed using Solid Works Flow Simulation tool to analyse Autorickshaw Exhaust System Model developed using Proe Creo. The Model is created by measuring actual dimensions of the Exhaust System Components, neglecting all hangar positions as their contribution to thermal behaviour is negligible.
Vibration characteristics of cracked functionally graded structures using XFEM
Authors: Raza Ahmed , Pathak Himanshu , Talha Mohammad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Crack is critical for structural health and their service life under dynamic condition. Vibration characteristics of cracked functionally graded structures have been investigated using extended finite element method (XFEM). A small crack in structures can leads to catastrophic failure. Vibrations of structures may initiate cracks and also causes opening and closing of cracks. Therefore the study of cracked geometry especially in dynamic condition becomes more important. The location of cracks is tracked by level set functions. Numerical results for both crack and un-crack plates have been presented. The effect of crack on natural frequency has been studied in detail. Natural frequency for in-plane free vibration of functionally graded structures with various crack length and crack orientation has been presented for different crack position. Further, different cases are considered with multiple crack systems to understand dynamic response of cracked structures.
Electrochemical discharge machining of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites: a challenging approach
Authors: Gupta P K , Debnath K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a hybrid machining method called electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) has been applied for making micron size holes in glass/epoxy composites. Initially, pilot experiments were conducted to check the feasibility of ECDM method for making a micro hole in glass/epoxy composites which is nonconductive in nature. Then the parametric investigations were conducted to analyse the influence of different parameters on the process performance. The influence of (i) applied voltage and (ii) pulse-on-time on (a) material removal rate (MRR) and (b) thickness of the heat-affected zone (THAZ) has been studied. It was identified that the ECDM method is a viable solution for making micron size holes in glass/epoxy composites.
Finite element analysis of taper ionic polymer metal composites energy harvester
Authors: Patel S N , Mukherjee S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper report our recent effort on tapered in thickness IPMC in connection with the application in energy harvesting. The ability of ionic polymer metal composites to generate electrical output under mechanical deformation exploited for the development of energy harvester. In this research, new geometry (other than the conventional one) of IPMC for energy harvesting from mechanical vibrations is proposed. Uniform as well as taper in thickness IPMC cantilever beams are modelled in COMSOL for capturing the voltage and power generated by the energy harvesters. Finite element results shows that voltage across the load for taper beam is slightly greater than the uniform beam by considering same boundary, geometry and material properties.