bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid Atherosclerosis Severity in Unorganized Adult Population
Authors: Kaveshnikov V. S. , Serebryakova V. N. , Trubacheva I. A. , Shalnova S. A. 
Published: March 2019

Aim.To study sex and age distribution of ultrasound parameters characterizing carotid atherosclerotic (CAS) severity in the unorganized urban population.Material and methods. The data obtained in Tomsk as a fragment of the ESSE-RF study are presented (n=1600; 25-64 years age; 59% – women). All participants signed informed consent. We studied CAS plaque count, both total and maximum plaque thickness and stenosis degree in the carotid arteries.Results. The general population quantitative indicators of CAS increased with age, most actively in 40-54 years in men and 45-59 years in women. At the age of 40-44 years in men, the growth of the general population indicators was due to a noticeable increase in both plaque prevalence and of CAS severity. In 45-49 years, the prevalence increased intensively, whereas in 50-54 years growth of plaque count/size indicators were more attributive. In women 45-59 years old formation of the general population indicators concerned was mostly due to steady increase in the plaque prevalence, while out of all quantitative CAS parameters the total stenosis degree only increased significantly in 50-54 years. The general population indicators of CAS severity were higher in men than in women starting up with the age of 40 and until 55 the gender effect was merely explained by the difference in the plaque prevalence.Conclusion. Features of the gender and age distribution of the quantitative parameters of CAS among the adult urban population are determined; the age periods of their most active growth are established. The presented data on the CAS severity percentile distribution can be useful as an additional tool for risk stratification and the choice of therapy/lifestyle modification tactics in people of working age. Further studies are needed to help to explain the trends and to clarify the predictive role of the indicators studied.
Pengembangan Soft Skills Peserta Didik melalui Integrasi Pendekatan Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) dalam Pembelajaran Asam Basa
Authors: Apriliana Mentari Reza , Ridwan Achmad , Hadinugrahaningsih Tritiyatma , Rahmawati Yuli 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan soft skills peserta didik melalui integrasi pendekatan STEAM dalam pembelajaran asam basa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas XI pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan reflektif jurnal. Kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menerapkan enam tahapan yaitu memberikan pertanyaan esensial, membuat perencanaan proyek, menyusun jadwal proyek, memonitor peserta didik dan perkembangan proyek, menilai atau menguji hasil, dan mengevaluasi pengalaman peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa integrasi pendekatan STEAM dalam project based learning dapat mengembangkan soft skills peserta didik, yaitu bekerja sama, berpikir kritis, peduli lingkungan, tanggung jawab, keterampilan beradaptasi, dan berpikir kreatif.
Kata kunci: pendekatan STEAM, soft skills, pembelajaran asam basa
Water Weakening: A Laboratory Study of Marcellus, Woodford, Eagle Ford, and Wolfcamp Shales
Authors: Gupta Ishank , Rai Chandra , Sondergeld Carl , Hofmann Ronny 
Published: March 2019

Summary
Hydraulic fracturing is the completion method of choice in unconventional resource plays. Common laboratory protocols for measuring rock strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio typically do not account for moisture content in rocks, yet these parameters are critical in fracture designs and are greatly affected by rock moisture content.
The process of water weakening is particularly complicated in shales because of the presence of both organic matter and inorganic minerals, such as clays, silica, and calcite. We study the effects of spontaneous fluid imbibition (brine and dodecane) on Young's modulus and hardness in shales using nanoindentation. The shales studied include Marcellus, Woodford, Eagle Ford, and Wolfcamp.
A key objective was to compare the weakening effects of 2.5 and 7.5% KCl brine solutions vs. dodecane. Our measurements show that irrespective of the shale wettability, brine led to a greater reduction in Young's modulus (45% reduction in Marcellus, 25% in Woodford, 12% in Eagle Ford, and 21% in Wolfcamp) than dodecane (25% reduction in Marcellus, 17% in Woodford, 4% in Eagle Ford, and 3% in Wolfcamp). Increasing the concentration of the clay stabilizers, such as KCl, led to lower weakening. On the basis of these measurements, it seems that wettability also plays a role in water weakening. Marcellus, being strongly water-wet, experienced the greatest reduction in Young's modulus and hardness. On the other hand, the Eagle Ford samples, being predominantly oil-wet, experienced the least reduction in Young's modulus and hardness. The Wolfcamp and Woodford samples, being mixed-wet, experienced moderate reductions in Young's modulus and hardness.
An Interpretation of Proppant Transport Within the Stimulated Rock Volume at the Hydraulic-Fracturing Test Site in the Permian Basin
Authors: Maity Debotyam , Ciezobka Jordan 
Published: March 2019

Summary
We collected more than 500 ft of through-fracture core in the Upper Wolfcamp (UWC) and Middle Wolfcamp (MWC) formations in the Permian Basin. As part of core characterization, we analyzed the core-sludge samples for the presence of proppant and natural-calcite particles. Apart from sample preparation and imaging, we designed and developed a novel image-processing work flow to detect and classify the particles. We used the observations from the identified particle distribution within the stimulated rock volume to understand proppant-transport behavior. We used relative distributions of smaller 100-mesh- and larger 40/70-mesh-proppant particles to interpret proppant placement in relation to perforation clusters. Finally, we used the relative distribution of particles to understand the interaction between natural and hydraulic fractures. We observe that stress variations and the degree of natural fracturing have a bearing on local proppant-screenout behavior. Smaller 100-mesh proppant seems to dominate at larger lateral offsets from the hydraulically fractured wells. We also observe indications of heel-side bias according to lateral proppant distribution. We share our work flow for particle detection and classification, which can serve as a template for proppant analysis in the future if significant through-fracture cores are collected in similar field experiments.
Field and Laboratory Hydraulic Characterization of Landslide‐Prone Soils in the Oregon Coast Range and Implications for Hydrologic Simulation
Authors: Ebel Brian A. , Godt Jonathan W. , Lu Ning , Coe Jeffrey A. , Smith Joel B. , Baum Rex L. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Laboratory hydraulic parameters differ substantially from values estimated from field data.
Hydraulic parameters determined in the laboratory overestimate hysteresis magnitude.
Field data‐based model parameterizations may simulate landslide initiation more accurately.Unsaturated zone flow processes are an important focus of landslide hazard estimation. Differences in soil hydraulic behavior between wetting and drying conditions (i.e., hydraulic hysteresis) may be important in landslide triggering. Hydraulic hysteresis can complicate soil hydraulic parameter estimates and impact prediction capability. This investigation focused on hydraulic property estimation for soil in a landslide‐prone area where the relative importance of hysteresis is unclear. Laboratory measurements of soil‐water retention from field soils in the Oregon Coast Range during wetting and drying show that pronounced hydraulic hysteresis is present. In contrast, a 4‐yr field data record of pore‐water pressure and soil‐water content from multiple soil pits at the same landslide‐prone area shows relatively minor hydraulic hysteresis compared with the laboratory estimates. Simulated subsurface hydrologic response parameterized using estimates from field data more closely matched hydrologic observations relative to model parameterization based on laboratory analysis of repacked soil samples. Our results suggest that (i) unsaturated hydraulic parameter estimates based on in situ field data, as opposed to laboratory measurements alone, may lead to more accurate simulation of the hydrologic response to rainfall, (ii) in situ data of soil‐water retention may need to include values at both high suctions and near saturation to improve estimates of soil hydraulic parameters for slope failure applications, and (iii) laboratory measurements of soil‐water retention made under dynamic conditions may overestimate hydraulic hysteresis.
Treatment of RO concentrate from six potable reuse facilities in the southwestern USA with a new photobiological process
Authors: Ikehata Keisuke , Zhao Yuanyuan , Kulkarni Harshad V. , Li Yuan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this study, 11 reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate samples from six full-scale potable reuse facilities in the southwestern United States were treated by a new photobiological treatment process using brackish water diatoms at a laboratory scale. While eight out of the 11 RO concentrate samples were successfully treated by the photobiological treatment, the other three samples obtained from the facilities where non-nitrified effluent was used as a source water were unsuitable for the treatment due to high levels of ammonia-N in these samples. As low as 16 mg · L−1 of ammonia-N was found to be inhibitory. Lower pH was found to be undesirable because of lower calcium removal efficiency. Ozone pre-treatment and the presence of antiscalant appeared to have no impact on the photobiological process. This study demonstrated a wider applicability of this photobiological process for the treatment of RO concentrate from potable reuse facilities with different process schemes.
Diabetes-induced Alterations in HDL Subfractions Distribution
Authors: Femlak Marek , Gluba-Brzozka Anna , Franczyk Beata , Rysz Jacek 
Published: March 2019

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) due to its increasing prevalence and associated morbidity and
mortality has become a serious public health problem. In DM, HDL may lose its beneficial features and become
proatherogenic due to its altered biological activity thus increasing cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was
to assess the influence of the presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 and its duration on the distribution of HDL
subfractions. Moreover, the effect of statin treatment on HDL subfraction share was analysed in this study.

Methods:
The study group consisted of 50 patients with newly diagnosed DM and 50 persons with DM for longer
than 10 years while the control group consisted of 50 healthy volunteers. HDL subfractions were analysed with
the use of Lipoprint.

Results:
We demonstrated progressive worsening of heart functioning and impairment of its structure in the
course of diabetes mellitus. Moreover, we observed that HDL-6 subfraction and intermediate HDL fraction are
lowest in the group with advanced DMt2 compared to the group with newly diagnosed DM and a healthy control
group. Finally, the results of our study indicated the effect of statin treatment on HDL subfractions that seems not
to be advantageous.

Conclusion:
It seems that in patients with diabetes mellitus compromised antiatherogenic properties of HDL, as a
result of oxidative modification and glycation of the HDL protein as well as the transformation of the HDL proteome
into a proinflammatory protein, increase cardiovascular risk.
Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA): Pathogenesis, Clinical Aspects and Treatment Approaches
Authors: Ciofalo Andrea , Gulotta Giampiero , Iannella Giannicola , Pasquariello Benedetta , Manno Alessandra , Angeletti Diletta , Pace Annalisa , Greco Antonio , Altissimi Giancarlo , de Vincentiis Marco , Magliulo Giuseppe 
Published: March 2019

:Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), or Horton’s Arteritis, is a chronic form of vasculitis of the large and medium vessels, especially involving the extracranial branches of the carotid arteries, in particular, the temporal artery, with the involvement of the axillary, femoral and iliac arteries too. Arterial wall inflammation leads to luminal occlusion and tissue ischemia, which is responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease.:A substantial number of patients affected by GCA present head and neck symptoms, including ocular, neurological and otorhinolaryngological manifestations.:The aim of this article is to present pathogenesis, clinical aspects and treatment approaches of GCA manifestations.
Comparison of Bone Uptake in Bone Scan and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT Images in Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Acar Emine , Bekiş Recep , Polack Berna 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare images from Tc-99m MDP bone scan
(BS) and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT of patients with prostate cancer in terms of bone metastases.

Methods:
Overall, 34 patients exhibited a mean age of 66 ± 9.5 (50-88) years, mean PSA of 51 ±
159ng/ml (0-912), and mean Gleason score of 8 (6-9). BS and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT were applied
to 34 patients within 30 days, and the results were evaluated, retrospectively. In both tests, radiopharmaceutical
uptake in bones were compared.

Results:
In 7 patients (20.5%), uptake was not significant on BS and Ga-68 PSMA PET / CT images,
which is related to metastasis. In 14 (41%) patients, bone metastases were observed in both
examinations. However, more metastatic lesions were observed in the Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT of 3
patients and in the bone scintigraphy of 2 patients. PSMA expression was not observed on Ga-68
PSMA PET / CT in 13 (38%) patients with increased activity in bone scintigraphy. Two (6%) of
these patients were thought to be metastatic, 2 (6%) were suspicious for metastasis, and 9 (26%)
had no metastasis. When a lesion-based evaluation was performed, a total of 480 activities were
evaluated: increased activity uptake was found in 305 BS, and 427 PSMA expression activity was
detected. Furthermore, 435 of these activities were evaluated as metastatic.

Conclusion:
Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT provides an additional contribution to the BS evaluation of activity
areas because of the presence of PSMA expression and anatomical lesions. In 6% of the patients,
activity on BS and metastatic appearance in CT images were observed and the presence of
lesions in the absence of PSMA was determined. This suggests that bone metastases without
PSMA expression may also be present.
De-novo Drug Design, Molecular Docking and In-Silico Molecular Prediction of AChEI Analogues through CADD Approaches as Anti-Alzheimer’s Agents
Authors: Pandey Surabhi , Singh B.K. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
There are over 44 million persons who suffer with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
worldwide, no existence of cure and only symptomatic treatments are available for it. The aim of this
study is to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer potential of designed AChEI analogues using computer simulation
docking studies. AChEIs are the most potential standards for treatment of AD, because they have
proven efficacy. Among all AChEIs donepezil possesses lowest adverse effects, it can treat mildmoderate-
severe AD and only once-daily dosing is required. Therefore, donepezil is recognized as a
significant prototype for design and development of new drug molecule.

Methods:
In this study the Inhibitory potential of the design compounds on acetylcholinesterase enzyme
has been evaluated. Docking studies has been performed which further analyzed by in-silico
pharmacokinetic evaluation through pharmacopredicta after that Interaction modes with enzyme active
sites were determined. Docking studies revealed that there is a strong interaction between the active
sites of AChE enzyme and analyzed compounds.

Results:
As a result 26 compounds have been indicates better inhibitory activity on AChE enzyme and
all the screening parameters have also been satisfied by all 26 compounds. From these 26 compounds,
six compounds 17, 18, 24, 30, 36 and 56 are found to be the most potent inhibitors of this series by insilico
study through INVENTUS v 1.1 software, having highest bio-affinities i.e. - 8.51, - 7.67, - 8.30,
- 7.59, - 8.71 and -7.62 kcal/mol respectively, while the standard or reference drug donepezil had binding
affinity of - 6.32 kcal/mol.

Conclusion:
Computer aided drug design approach has been playing an important role in the design
and development of novel anti- AD drugs. With the help of structure based drug design some novel analogues
of donepezil have been designed and the molecular docking studies with structure based ADME
properties prediction studies is performed for prediction of AChE inhibitory activity. The binding
mode of proposed compounds with target protein i.e. AChE has been evaluated and the resulting data
from docking studies explains that all of the newly designed analogues had significantly high affinity
towards target protein compared to donepezil as a reference ligand.
Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Corrigiola telephiifolia in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Hebi Morad , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
The evaluation of the hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of the aerial
parts aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia (APAE of C. telephiifolia) in normal and streptozotocin
(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:
The effects of oral administration of APAE of C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) on the lipid profile
as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity of this aqueous extract have been determined.

Results:
APAE of C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) reduced significantly (p<0.001) the plasma total cholesterol
levels in diabetic rats. In contrast, no significant increase in plasma triglyceride levels in normal
and in STZ-induced diabetic rats was observed. On the other hand, APAE of C. telephiifolia showed
an antioxidant activity.

Conclusion:
The APAE of C. telephiifolia exhibits an antioxidant, cholesterol and body weightlowering
activities in diabetic rats.
PERENCANAAN JALUR PENGANGKUTAN SAMPAH DI KABUPATEN BOGOR, KOTA BOGOR, DAN KOTA DEPOK MENUJU STASIUN PENGUMPUL ANTARA (SPA)
Authors: Rusmaya Deni , Rochaeni Anni , Mulyana Hendra 
Published: March 2019

Sampah merupakan sisa kegiatan manusia dan/atau proses alam yang berbentuk padat. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, diketahui bahwa di ketiga daerah rencana (Kabupaten Bogor, Kota Bogor, dan Kota Depok) sudah tidak memiliki TPA yang layak. Oleh karena itu pihak provinsi menyediakan TPA terpadu yang dapat melayani ketiga daerah tersebut. maka diperlukannya perencanaan jalur operasional menuju TPA terpadu tersebut. Perencanaan jalur dibuat menuju Stasiun Pengumpul Antara (SPA) terlebih dahulu sebelum menuju TPA. Perencanaan ini dilakukan dengan cara menghitung terlebih dahulu jumlah timbulan sampah sampai akhir tahun perencanaan kemudian menganalisa jalur existing yang ada dan membuat jalur yang baru. Dari hasil penelitian didapat timbulan sampah yang terlayani sampai akhir tahun perencanaan yaitu Kabupaten Bogor mencapai 12.845,30 m3/hari dengan persentase pelayanan 58 % untuk daerah domestik. Sedangkan timbulan sampah non domestik akan mencapai 3.537,51 m3/hari dengan persen pelayanan 100 %. Kota Bogor mencapai 6.824,86 m3/hari dengan persentase pelayanan 100 % untuk daerah domestik. Sedangkan timbulan sampah non domestik akan mencapai 219,47 m3/hari dengan persen pelayanan 100 %. Dan Kota Depok mencapai 11.179,43 m3/hari dengan persentase pelayanan 87 % untuk daerah domestik. Sedangkan timbulan sampah non domestik akan mencapai 395,32 m3/hari dengan persen pelayanan 100 %. Dari hasil pengamatan di lapangan, maka dibuat jalur terbaik menurut waktu dan jarak tempuh pengumpulan dan pengangkutan. Dalam perencanaan ini dilakukan juga analisa terhadap data dan perhitungan yang mengacu pada literatur dan dengan rumus-rumus yang ada dapat pula dihitung proyeksi kebutuhan armada sampai akhir tahun perencanaan.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEBISINGAN LALU LINTAS DI JALAN CIHAMPELAS DAN JALAN SUKAJADI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Yustiani Yonik Meilawati , Juliandahri Andika 
Published: March 2019

Kebisingan dapat diartikan sebagai suara yang tidak diinginkan atau suara keras yang tidak menyenangkan atau tidak terduga. Kebisingan bersumber dari kegiatan manusia seperti penggunaan alat transportasi dan aktifitas industri. Dampak dari kebisingan ini bukan hanya pada kota-kota besar. Pengukuran tingkat kebisingan diatur dalam KEP-48/MENLH/11/1996 tentang Baku Tingkat Kebisingan. Ada dua cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat kebisingan, yaitu: cara sederhana dan cara langsung. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sound level meter, seperangkat alat hitung dan stopwatch. Penentuan tingkat kebisingan lingkungan menggunakan sound level meter dilakukan di 2 (dua) lokasi yang merupakan daerah komersial di Kota Bandung, yaitu Jalan Cihampelas (Ciwalk) dan Jalan Sukajadi (PVJ). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh tingkat kebisingan paling tinggi terjadi di PVJ pada saat akhir pekan yaitu sebesar 69,8 dBA. Tingkat kebisingan terendah terjadi di Ciwalk pada saat hari kerja, yaitu sebesar 68,4 dBA. Nilai ini tidak melebihi baku kebisingan berdasarkan KEPMENLH No. 48 Tahun 1996 untuk daerah perdagangan dan jasa yaitu sebesar 70 dBA.
IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DAN TIMBULAN AIR LIMBAH TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN DESA KARANGSONG, KECAMATAN INDRAMAYU, KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Yustiani Yonik Meilawati , Mulyatna Lili , Suwirkas Suwirkas 
Published: March 2019

Sampai saat ini di Indramayu belum memiliki Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) yang menerapkan sistem sanitasi yang higienis. Penerapan sistem fasilitas sanitasi yang higienis mutlak diperlukan untuk memberikan keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi pengguna dan lingkungan sekitarnya.Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Karangsong di Kabupaten Indramayu menempati lahan seluas 4000 m2 dilengkapi dengan beberapa fasilitas pendukung, dilengkapi dengan dermaga yang berfungsi sebagai tempat bersandarnya kapal atau perahu ketika membongkar muatan. Tujuan penelitian in adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan air bersih dan timbulan air buangan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Karangsong Kabupaten Indramayu. Identifikasi ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai dasar penentuan konsep penyediaan prasarana agar dapat berjalan secara efisien dan efektif sesuai dengan tingkat pelayanan yang direncanakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif, mengamati dan mengambil data kondisi eksisting serta menentukan alternatif penyediaan fasilitas sanitasi untuk TPI higienis sesuai dengan literatur yang tersedia. Perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air minum adalah 0,025 liter/detik, dengan fluktuasi 0,04375 liter/detik. Secara total, kebutuhan air bersih untuk TPI ini adalah 1,862 liter/detik. Jumlah air buangan yang ditimbulkan adalah 1,494 liter/detik. Hasil identifikasi karakteristik air buangan menunjukkan bahwa nilai BOD mencapai nilai 836 mg/L, COD sebesar 128 mg/L dan nitrat sebesar 150mg/L. Nilai konsentrasi yang ditunjukkan dari karakteristik limbah TPI menunjukkan perlunya disediakan instalasi pengolahan air limbah dengan efisiensi yang tinggi. Unit utama dalam pengolahan air limbah TPI ini adalah septic tank termodifikasi.