bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Timing of Incarceration on Mental Health: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Authors: Baćak Valerio , Andersen Lars H , Schnittker Jason 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
There is growing evidence that incarceration is associated with adverse health outcomes, but little is known about how circumstances surrounding incarceration relate to health. In the present study, we estimate the effect of timing of incarceration on mental health using panel data constructed from the Danish population registry. We exploit a 1994 criminal justice reform as a natural experiment that created exogenous variation in the age at which offenders were first incarcerated: because of policy change, incarceration occurred earlier than it would have otherwise. For the three out of the four mental health outcomes assessed in the study—having undergone psychiatric treatment, being in therapy or consultation, and being charged with the possession of drugs—we found consistent support for the notion that earlier incarceration is more harmful. The study refines our understanding of the collateral consequences of incarceration and it is the first to provide quasi-experimental evidence for the mental health effects of timing of incarceration.
On The Third Type of Headed Relative Clause in Post‐Classical and Early Byzantine Greek
Authors: Bentein Klaas , Bağrıaçık Metİn 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt has been claimed that Archaic and Classical Greek had two main types of headed relative clauses: (i) postnominal externally headed relative clauses; and (ii) internally headed relative clauses (Perna ; ; Fauconnier ; Probert ). In this article, we take a closer look at the semantic and syntactic properties of the second category in Post‐classical and Early Byzantine Greek (I–VIII ad). Analysing a corpus of documentary texts, we show that a good deal of the examples in this period do not correspond to the established properties of internally headed relative clauses in the history of Greek. This leads us to propose that at least some examples that are apparently internally headed should be revised as a third relative clause type, namely prenominal externally headed relative clauses. We hypothesise that such examples came into existence through form‐function reanalysis of internally headed relative clauses, a process which we suggest took place already in the Classical period (V–IV bc). In the last part of our article, we investigate the motivation for the choice of internally headed and prenominal externally headed relative clauses over the postnominal ones: we show that such examples occur strikingly frequently in formal texts such as contracts, petitions and formal letters. We propose that in such texts, internally headed and prenominal externally headed relative clauses, which are syntactically more complex, function as ‘transparent signifiers’ (Hodge & Kress ), serving as a marker of a higher social level.
Depression and cancer were independently associated with quality of life in Brazilian older people
Authors: Ritti‐Dias Raphael M , Cucato Gabriel Grizzo , de Matos Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot , Cendoroglo Maysa Seabra , Nasri Fabio , Wolosker Nelson , Costa Maria Luiza Monteiro , Gazelato de Mello Franco Fabio 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo analyse the factors associated with low health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people living in Brazil.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study of the Jewish community residing in Sao Paulo, Brazil, we extensively evaluated the characteristics – including clinical, functional and sociodemographic – of 496 older people. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life‐BREF (WHOQOL‐BREF), while the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to measure depressive symptoms.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, we found that GDS score (β = −0.07; P = 0.04) and cancer (β = −0.47; P = 0.05) were associated with a low WHOQOL‐BREF score.ConclusionDepressive symptoms and cancer were independently associated with low HRQoL among older people living in Brazil.
The Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS), a randomized clinical trial: design, methodology and baseline data
Authors: Bengtsson Boel , Heijl Anders , Johannesson Gauti , Andersson‐Geimer Sabina , Aspberg Johan , Lindén Christina 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeThe primary objective of the ongoing Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS) is to evaluate the effectiveness of immediate intensive treatment in comparison with the commonly recommended stepped regimen on the predicted visual field. The two treatment arms are also being compared regarding quality of life (QoL), intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, frequency of reported side‐effects, adverse events and adherence to prescribed treatment.DesignA randomized, two‐centre, prospective open‐labelled treatment trial for open‐angle glaucoma.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 40–78 years with previously untreated and newly diagnosed glaucoma with early to moderate visual field loss were eligible.MethodsPatients were randomized to initial treatment either using drug monotherapy in accordance with common glaucoma guidelines or using a more intensive approach including eyedrops containing drugs from three different classes combined with 360° laser trabeculoplasty. The patients are to be followed for 5 years at visits including standard automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography (OPT) and tonometry. Change of treatment is allowed and decided upon jointly with the patient as in conventional glaucoma management.Main outcome: The estimated predicted preserved visual field and QoL at end of expected lifetime.ResultsA total of 242 patients, 45% females, mean age 68 years, were randomized. The median untreated IOP was 24 mm Hg, and the median visual field index (VFI), indicating the percentage of a full field, was 92%.ConclusionGlaucoma Intensive Treatment Study is a clinical trial in which two groups of patients randomized to different initial intensities of IOP‐reducing treatment are being compared with regard to rate of visual field progression and prediction of serious glaucomatous visual field loss at estimated at end of life.
Nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy and its association with obstructive sleep apnoea: a health insurance database study
Authors: Sun Ming‐Hui , Lee Chia‐Yi , Liao Yaping Joyce , Sun Chi‐Chin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundNonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common acute optic neuropathy in old age. Although there are several known risk factors, the influence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between NAION and OSA.MethodsThis retrospective, longitudinal cohort study used the national health insurance database of Taiwan covering the period 1996–2013. Patients without NAION at the diagnosis of OSA or who developed NAION 1 year after the diagnosis of OSA were enrolled. The patients were followed until death or the last day of the study. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to investigate the association between OSA and NAION.ResultsThere were 8488 patients in the OSA group and 33 952 in the control group (without OSA), for a ratio of approximately 1:4. The percentages of NAION were 0.36% and 0.2% in the OSA and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01; chi‐square test), and this significant difference remained in multivariate analysis (p = 0.019) with a significantly higher HR (1.66; 95% CI: 1.08–2.55). There was significant difference in the 30–39 years age group in multivariate analysis (p < 0.01, HR: 6.30; 95% CI: 2.28–17.40).ConclusionThere was a strong association between NAION and OSA, and the patients with OSA had a higher risk of NAION. Further large‐scale, prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of OSA on developing NAION.
IL‐33 regulates cytokine production and neutrophil recruitment via the p38 MAPK‐activated kinases MK2/3
Authors: McCarthy Pierre C , Phair Iain R , Greger Corinna , Pardali Katerina , McGuire Victoria A , Clark Andrew R , Gaestel Matthias , Arthur J Simon C 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIL‐33 is an IL‐1‐related cytokine that can act as an alarmin when released from necrotic cells. Once released, it can target various immune cells including mast cells, innate lymphoid cells and T cells to elicit a Th2‐like immune response. We show here that bone marrow‐derived mast cells produce IL‐13, IL‐6, TNF, GM‐CSF, CCL3 and CCL4 in response to IL‐33 stimulation. Inhibition of the p38 MAPK, or inhibition or knockout of its downstream kinases MK2 and MK3, blocked the production of these cytokines in response to IL‐33. The mechanism downstream of MK2/3 was cytokine specific; however, MK2 and MK3 were able to regulate TNF and GM‐CSF mRNA stability. Previous studies in macrophages have shown that MK2 regulates mRNA stability via phosphorylation of the RNA‐binding protein TTP (Zfp36). The regulation of cytokine production in mast cells was, however, independent of TTP. MK2/3 were able to phosphorylate the TTP‐related protein Brf1 (Zfp36 l1) in IL‐33‐stimulated mast cells, suggesting a mechanism by which MK2/3 might control mRNA stability in these cells. In line with its ability to regulate in vitro IL‐33‐stimulated cytokine production, double knockout of MK2 and 3 in mice prevented neutrophil recruitment following intraperitoneal injection of IL‐33.
The contribution of Tannerella forsythia dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in the breakdown of collagen
Authors: Yost Susan , Duran‐Pinedo Ana E. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this study, we characterized a serine protease from Tannerella forsythia that degrades gelatin, type I, and III collagen. Tannerella forsythia is associated with periodontitis progression and severity. The primary goal of this research was to understand the mechanisms by which T. forsythia contributes to periodontitis progression. One of our previous metatranscriptomic analysis revealed that during periodontitis progression T. forsythia highly expressed the bfor_1659 ORF. The N‐terminal end is homologous to dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV). DPP IV is a serine protease that cleaves X‐Pro or X‐Ala dipeptide from the N‐terminal end of proteins. Collagen type I is rich in X‐Pro and X‐Ala sequences, and it is the primary constituent of the periodontium. This work assessed the collagenolytic and gelatinolytic properties of BFOR_1659. To that end, the complete BFOR_1659 and its domains were purified as His‐tagged recombinant proteins, and their collagenolytic activity was tested on collagen‐like substrates, collagen type I and III combined, and on the extracellular matrix (ECM) formed on human gingival fibroblasts culture HGF‐1. BFOR_1659 was only found in T. forsythia supernatants, highlighting its potential role on the pathogenicity of T. forsythia. We also found that BFOR_1659 efficiently degrades all tested substrates but the individual domains were inactive. Given that BFOR_1659 is highly expressed in the periodontal pocket, its clinical relevance is suggested to periodontitis progression.
Systemic medical conditions and periodontal status in older individuals
Authors: Chatzopoulos Georgios S. , Cisneros Alejandro , Sanchez Miguel , Wolff Larry F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsThe purposes of this study are to: (1) assess the prevalence of systemic and periodontal disease in older individuals, (2) compare periodontal conditions between four age cohorts, and (3) investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic medical conditions.MethodsElectronic records from a total of 5,000 adults were randomly selected from the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry database. Individuals ≥60 years of age, with at least six remaining teeth in their dentition with a complete medical history and full‐mouth series of radiographs were included in the study to determine the severity of periodontal disease based on the percentage of radiographic bone loss.ResultsA total of 2,163 patients were included in the final analysis. The multivariable regression analysis showed that patients self‐reported tobacco use and diabetes were significantly associated with moderate and severe bone loss than none to mild, whereas the opposite was found for those with joint replacement, past use of steroids and acid reflux/GERD.ConclusionA number of systemic medical conditions and tobacco use are associated with periodontitis. This reflects the importance of an interdisciplinary interaction between dental and medical professionals.
Long‐term determinants of changes in television viewing time in adults: Prospective analyses from the Young Finns Study
Authors: Yang Xiaolin , Kankaanpää Anna , Biddle Stuart J. H. , Hirvensalo Mirja , Helajärvi Harri , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Raitakari Olli T. , Tammelin Tuija 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe long‐term effects of sociodemographic and health characteristics on television viewing (TV) time changes have not been identified in adulthood. We aimed to examine the modifiable and non‐modifiable determinants of changes in TV‐time in young adults over 10 years.MethodsParticipants (N = 2929) aged 24‐39 years were recruited between 2001 and 2011 from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Data were collected using questionnaires and a medical examination. The determinants of changes in TV‐time were estimated using latent growth modeling for men and women separately.ResultsFor men, inverse associations with initial levels of TV‐time were observed for students becoming employed and already has children, and direct associations were observed for both those who stayed a smoker and those who stayed overweight/obese. Increasing attention to health habits was inversely associated with a slope of TV‐time, whereas age and becoming unemployed were positively associated with the slope of TV‐time. For women, inverse associations with the levels of TV‐time were found for age, staying in non‐manual work, and paying consistently high and increasing attention to health habits, and direct associations were found for staying unemployed, smoking and overweight/obese, and becoming employed, single and non‐smoking. Increasing physical activity, becoming employed, motherhood, and normal weight were inversely associated with the slope of TV‐time, whereas age and staying in non‐manual work were positively associated with the slope of TV‐time.ConclusionsThis suggests several gender‐specific determinants of changes in TV‐time that can help identify potential targets for interventions to prevent excessive TV‐time in adulthood.
A comparison of different methods of red blood cell leukoreduction and additive solutions on the accumulation of neutrophil‐priming activity during storage
Authors: Loi Michele M. , Kelher Marguerite , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Hansen Kirk C. , Banerjee Anirban , West F. Bernadette , Stanley Crystal , Briel Matthew , Silliman Christopher C. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUNDThree methods of leukoreduction (LR) are used worldwide: filtration, buffy coat removal (BCR), and a combination of the previous two methods. Additionally, there are a number of additive solutions (ASs) used to preserve red blood cell (RBC) function throughout storage. During RBC storage, proinflammatory activity accumulates; thus, we hypothesize that both the method of LR and the AS affect the accumulation of proinflammatory activity.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTen units of whole blood were drawn from healthy donors, the RBC units were isolated, divided in half by weight, and leukoreduced by: 1) BCR, 2) filtration, or 3) BCR and filtration (combination‐LR); stored in bags containing AS‐3 per AABB criteria; and sampled weekly. The supernatants were isolated and frozen (–80°C). RBC units drawn from healthy donors into AS‐1–, AS‐3–, or AS‐5–containing bags were also stored and sampled weekly, and the supernatants were isolated and frozen. The supernatants were assayed for neutrophil (PMN)‐priming activity and underwent proteomic analyses.RESULTSFiltration and combination LR decreased priming activity accumulation versus buffy coat LR, although the accumulation of priming activity was not different during storage. Combination LR increased hemolysis versus filtration via proteomic analysis. Priming activity from AS‐3 units was significant later in storage versus AS‐1– or AS‐5–stored units.CONCLUSIONSAlthough both filtration and combination LR decrease the accumulation of proinflammatory activity versus buffy coat LR, combination LR is not more advantageous over filtration, has increased costs, and may cause increased hemolysis. In addition, AS‐3 decreases the early accumulation of PMN‐priming activity during storage versus AS‐1 or AS‐5.
The world stock markets under geopolitical risks: Dependence structure
Authors: Lee Jong‐Eun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper reveals joint stochastic behaviours of the world’s stock markets and geopolitical risk by a copula approach for the 37 world’s stock markets over the period of June 1997 to December 2017. The various bivariate copulas show the different degrees of tail dependences and rank correlations. The differences between overall geopolitical risk index and action‐related geopolitical risk index lie in the higher tail dependence with overall geopolitical risk index, the dominancy of concordant movements of stock market indexes with overall geopolitical risk and that of discordant movements of stock market indexes with action‐related geopolitical risk index. The results illustrate that action‐related geopolitical risk is more often adversely related to the world’s stock market performances with less tail dependence.
Effects of the preference for environmental quality on the export competition between China and OECD countries
Authors: La Jung Joo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study examines how importers’ preferences for environmentally friendly products influence the effect of China’s export growth on the exports of OECD countries to third markets. The effect of China’s export growth is systematically investigated using the theoretical gravity model, which assumes that importers’ environmental preferences are heterogeneous among countries. A new measure is also proposed to represent importers’ revealed preferences for environmental quality across countries. Panel data consisting of observations for 30 OECD exporting countries and 60 importing countries over the 2000–10 period confirm that the crowding‐out effect of China’s export growth on the exports of OECD countries observed in markets for consumption goods and the dampening effect observed in markets for intermediate goods are becoming weaker as the importer preference for environmental quality becomes stronger.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on the Activity of Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in the Hypothalamus and Amygdala in Rats Exposed to Restraint Water-Immersion Stress
Authors: He Feng , Wang Min , Geng Xiwen , Ai Hongbin 
Published: September 2018

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on gastric mucosal lesions and the activity of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CNA) in a rat model of restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS). Methods 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal, RWIS, and RWIS+EA (n=8 per group). Rats in the RWIS group and RWIS+EA group received RWIS for 3 hours. For rats in the RWIS+EA group, EA was applied at ST36 in the bilateral hind legs for 30 min before RWIS. Rats in the normal group did not receive stressors or EA treatment. The gastric mucosal lesions of each rat were evaluated by the erosion index (EI) according to the methods of Guth. The activity of CRH neurons in the PVN and CNA was measured by a dual immunohistochemical test for Fos and CRH in the brain sections. Results RWIS induced serious gastric mucosal lesions. The mean gastric EI was significantly decreased in the RWIS+EA group versus the RWIS group (P=0.005). Stress induced significant activation of CRH neurons in the PVN and CNA compared with the normal group (P<0.001 for both). The mean number of Fos+CRH immunoreactive neurons in the PVN and CNA were both decreased inRWIS+EA versusRWIS groups (P<0.001 and P=0.001). Conclusions EA at ST36 can ameliorate RWIS-induced gastric mucosal lesions and suppress the Fos expression of CRH neurons in the PVN and CNA, suggesting a potentially therapeutic role for EA in stress-related gastric disorders.
Efficacy of cloxacillin versus cefazolin for methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureusbacteraemia (CloCeBa): study protocol for a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Burdet Charles , Loubet Paul , Le Moing Vincent , Vindrios William , Esposito-Farèse Marina , Linard Morgane , Ferry Tristan , Massias Laurent , Tattevin Pierre , Wolff Michel , Vandenesch François , Grall Nathalie , Quintin Caroline , Mentré France , Duval Xavier , Lescure François-Xavier 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionMethicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) bacteraemia is a common and severe disease responsible for approximately 65 000 deaths every year in Europe. Intravenous antistaphylococcal penicillins (ASP) such as cloxacillin are the current recommended antibiotics. However, increasing reports of toxicity and recurrent stock-outs of ASP prompted healthcare providers to seek for alternative antibiotic treatment. Based on retrospective studies, cefazolin, a first-generation cephalosporin, is recommended in patients at risk of severe ASP-associated toxicity.We hypothesised that cefazolin has a non-inferior efficacy in comparison to cloxacillin, with a better safety profile for the treatment of MSSA bacteraemia.Methods and analysisThe CloCeBa trial is an open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial conducted in academic centres throughout France. Eligible patients are adults with MSSA bacteraemia without intravascular device or suspicion of central nervous system infection. Patients will be randomised (1:1) to receive either cloxacillin or cefazolin by the intravenous route, for the first 14 days of therapy. The evaluation criteria is a composite criteria of negative blood cultures at day 5, survival, absence of relapse and clinical success at day 90 after randomisation. Secondary evaluation criteria include both efficacy and safety assessments. Three ancillary studies are planned to describe the epidemiology of β-lactamase encoding genes, the ecological impact and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters of cefazolin and cloxacillin. Including 300 patients will provide 80% power to demonstrate the non-inferiority of cefazolin over cloxacillin, assuming 85% success rate with cloxacillin and taking into account loss-to-follow-up, with a 0.12 non-inferiority margin and a one-sided type I error of 0.025.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol received authorisation from the ethics committee Sud-Est I on 13 November 2017 (2017-87-PP)and French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products (170661A-43). Results will be disseminated to the scientific community through congresses and publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03248063and 2017-003967-36.