bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing User Reviews on Digital Detox Apps: A Text Mining and Sentiment Analysis Approach
Authors: Khan Nazar Fatima , Khan Mohammed Naved 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDue to the growing concerns around problematic smartphone use and its negative impact, there is a rising interest in digital detox. While many digital detox apps have been developed in recent years, there is still limited understanding of the long‐term effectiveness of digital detox applications and the attitude of people towards these apps. This study fills this gap by identifying the topics that people post in their reviews on the Google Play Store about digital detox apps and the emotion‐based sentiment of those reviews. A total of 3500 reviews of 25 digital detox apps were collected from the Google Play Store using a scraping tool called “Parsehub.” Data was analyzed using R studio. Sentiment analysis results suggest that positive sentiments dominated the data frame. “Trust” and “anticipation” were the two most expressed emotions in the reviews. Regression analysis confirmed that sentiment scores could explain the ratings of the apps. Through LDA topic modeling four major topics of the reviews were identified and are discussed in detail in the later section of the research paper. The findings of this study may help app developers and marketers improve digital detox apps so that people can learn and practice mindful smartphone use with the help of these apps. This study fills a gap in digital detox research by adopting a new methodological approach and procedure since it combines text mining, sentiment analysis (NRC Lexicon using Syuzhet package), regression analysis, and LDA topic modeling. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which uses this research approach in the context of digital detox apps.
Copper Nanoclusters Imparted Metalloporphyrin Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Wang Qian , Feng Bangli , Rong Yan , Pan Danxuan , Ye Mingfu , Xin Zhifeng , Chen Yifa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStrategies that can introduce catalytic auxiliary into electrocatalysts to boost the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) are meaningful in exploring hybrid electrocatalytic systems. Here, a series of hybrid electrocatalysts (Cu NCs@MOF‐545‐M, M=Fe, Co and Ni) have been prepared by assembly Cu NCs with MOF‐545‐M (M=Fe, Co and Ni) and successfully applied in electrocatalytic CO2RR. In the obtained MOF‐545‐M (M=Fe, Co and Ni), the integration of Cu NCs with MOF‐545‐M (M=Fe, Co and Ni) can create a hybrid electrocatalytic system that enhances the charge transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic CO2RR activity. Specifically, the optimal Cu NCs@MOF‐545‐Co presents remarkable FECO over a wide potential range (−0.7 V to −1.0 V), high CO generation rate (8.2 mol m−2 h−1) and excellent maximum energy efficiency (69 %, −0.7 V), which is superior to Cu NCs and MOF‐545‐Co, and represented to be one of the best performances to date. This work demonstrates a facile approach to significantly improve the FECO by loading metal nanoclusters into MOFs, providing a valuable reference for future studies on hybridization strategies to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts.
Labor oder Atelier
Authors: Gerhartz Wolfgang , Offermanns Heribert 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungChemiker haben ein ganz spezielles Verhältnis zu Farben. Sie ermittelten die Struktur von natürlichen Farbstoffen, entwickelten Totalsynthesen für sie, z.B. Indigo, erfanden neue Farbstoffe, z.B. Berliner Blau oder Phthalocyanine ohne Vorbild in der Natur, und erarbeiteten Färbeverfahren. In der Analytik schufen sie Farbreaktionen. Den theoretischen Unterbau zur Erfassung, Verarbeitung, Ein‐ und Zuordnung von Farbphänomenen und Farbprinzipien (Einfärbeprinzipien) erforschten viele bedeutende Naturwissenschaftler und schufen Farbenlehren. Die Krönung der Liebe zu den Farben ist, wenn Chemiker ihr Labor auf Zeit oder auf Dauer verlassen, um in einem Atelier oder der freien Natur zu malen: Teil 1 „Chemiker und Maler“ (Chem. unserer Zeit 2023, 57 (1), 2). Viele Chemiker haben sich auch als Kunstsammler profiliert und bedeutende Sammlungen zusammengetragen: Teil 2: Chemiker und Kunstsammler.
Characterization of Opioid Agonist Morphine Derivatives with Emphasis on Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Malik Alaa , Hosztafi Sándor , Vincze Anna , Marton András , Kraszni Márta , Balogh György T. , Noszál Béla , Mazák Károly 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRelieving severe pains is an unmet medical need, in which opioids are of prime importance and in the focus of pharmaceutical companies. The objective of this study is to characterize the physicochemical properties, namely basicity, lipophilicity and permeability of thirty opioid ligands, which include eleven newly synthesized compounds. pH‐potentiometry and the shake‐flask method were used for the characterization of species‐specific basicity and lipophilicity. The effective permeability was determined using a brain‐specific parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. Structural modifications, namely O‐methylation in position 3, isomerization in position 6, saturation of the double bond in position 7, 14‐hydroxylation, and the substitution of N‐(β‐phenylethyl) and N‐cyclobutylmethyl side chains all have various effects on these physicochemical properties, and these are explained and compared to computationally predicted values. Computational predictions inadequately capture hydrogen bond formation with the tertiary amino group in case of 14‐hydroxylation, just as the effects of hydroxy oxidation at position 6 and N‐methyl substitution with N‐(β‐phenylethyl). The relationship between lipophilicity, permeability and potency is presented by lipophilic efficiency plots that reveal the most promising compounds. This study emphasizes the importance of experimental determination of these essential physicochemical parameters, furthermore, it can contribute to a more thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetic properties.
ytopt: Autotuning Scientific Applications for Energy Efficiency at Large Scales
Authors: Wu Xingfu , Balaprakash Prasanna , Kruse Michael , Koo Jaehoon , Videau Brice , Hovland Paul , Taylor Valerie , Geltz Brad , Jana Siddhartha , Hall Mary 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs we enter the exascale computing era, efficiently utilizing power and optimizing the performance of scientific applications under power and energy constraints has become critical and challenging. We propose a low‐overhead autotuning framework to autotune performance and energy for various hybrid MPI/OpenMP scientific applications at large scales and to explore the tradeoffs between application runtime and power/energy for energy efficient application execution, then use this framework to autotune four ECP proxy applications—XSBench, AMG, SWFFT, and SW4lite. Our approach uses Bayesian optimization with a Random Forest surrogate model to effectively search parameter spaces with up to 6 million different configurations on two large‐scale HPC production systems, Theta at Argonne National Laboratory and Summit at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The experimental results show that our autotuning framework at large scales has low overhead and achieves good scalability. Using the proposed autotuning framework to identify the best configurations, we achieve up to 91.59% performance improvement, up to 21.2% energy savings, and up to 37.84% EDP (energy delay product) improvement on up to 4096 nodes.
Key Process Control for Synthesizing High‐Performance Inherently Flame‐Retardant Long‐Chain Bio‐Based Polyamide
Authors: Zhang Lurong , Cao Zhiwen , Zhao Shikun , Hu Qing , Zhao Zihe , Zhao Biao , Pan Kai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLong‐chain bio‐based polyamide has shown promising development prospects due to its excellent properties and green renewable characteristics; however, synthesizing inherently flame‐retardant long‐chain bio‐based polyamide remains a big challenge due to the lack of effective knowledge of the key polymerization process. Herein, intrinsicly flame‐retardant long‐chain bio‐based polyamide 512 (PA512) was synthesized in the presence of a reactive flame retardant with high thermal stability and good water solubility. The reaction conditions and existing problems in each stage of the copolymerization system have been clarified and optimized. By utilizing a two‐step pre‐polymerization approach, a series of intrinsicly flame‐retardant PA512 (FRPA512) with large molecular weight, high phosphorus element content and good mechanical properties were obtained. More importantly, the prepared FRPA512 with 5 wt % flame retardant loading exhibited good flame retardancy, showing a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.1 % and a vertical burning rating of V‐0. This study provides a feasible solution to the common problem in the synthesis of flame‐retardant polyamides, while also offering new insights for future modification of polyamide copolymerization.
Plasmonic Silver Nanoparticles Facilitate Electron Emission from Diamond upon Sun‐Like Excitation
Authors: Bellucci Alessandro , Mastellone Matteo , Catone Daniele , O'Keeffe Patrick , Martelli Faustino , Ammirati Giuseppe , Paladini Alessandra , Turchini Stefano , Toschi Francesco , Santagata Antonio , Pace Maria Lucia , Polini Riccardo , Salerno Raffaella , Valentini Veronica , Trucchi Daniele M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of a stable, non‐toxic material that emits electrons following absorption of visible light may have a major impact on the solar photocatalysis of difficult reactions such as CO2 and N2 reduction, as well as for targeted chemical transformations in general. Diamond is a good candidate, however it is a wide bandgap material requiring deep UV photons (
<227 nm) to promote electrons from the valence band into the conduction band. Embedding silver nanoparticles under the diamond surface allows the photoconductivity of the diamond in the spectral region of the surface plasmon resonance to be increased, while also leading to an enhancement of visible light photoemission. Considering the low intensity of the light sources used in this work and the spectral properties of the enhanced photoconductivity and photoemission a mechanism based on plasmonically enhanced photoconductivity which in turn allows surface states emptied by photoemission to be recharged thus leading to enhanced photoemission in the visible range is proposed.
A finite mixture distribution to model genetic architecture of image‐based oat grain morphology
Authors: Berro Inés , Yandell Brian S. , Gutiérrez Lucía 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe multi‐floral oat (Avena sativa L.) inflorescence influences grain size and shape distributions, affecting the physical attributes of grain quality such as plumpness, size, and uniformity. While the grain size and shape distribution has been characterized as multi‐modal, very little is known about the genetic determinants of those distributions and their properties. The goal of this study was to model grain size and shape distribution using a finite mixture distribution approach and propose new distributional traits (i.e., emerging distributional traits) to characterize genotypes. We evaluated 47 oat genotypes in four highly replicated field experiments. Grains of three panicles per plot were individually threshed and scanned. Grain area, length, width, and roundness were obtained from each grain‐based image, while emerging distributional traits were evaluated using a finite mixture distribution approach. Finally, grain size distributions from hand‐threshed panicles (representing the full biological distribution) were compared with the grain size distributions of grains harvested with a combine harvester representing commercial harvest where small grains may be blown out. The heritability of all grain traits was high (0.89–0.94), and trait distributions differed among genotypes. Grain area and length show bi‐ and trimodal distributions, while grain width and roundness are uni‐ and bimodal. Although the full biological distribution of grains differed from the combine‐harvested grains, their genetic correlations were high, suggesting the combine‐harvested distributions can be used as a proxy for full biological distributions. This study proposes a straightforward methodological approach to model grain attributes that can aid in quality evaluations for genetic studies, breeding decisions, and industry characterization.
Cellulose‐based Conductive Materials for Bioelectronics
Authors: Saleh Ahmed K. , El‐Sayed Mohamed H. , El‐Sakhawy Mohamed A. , Alshareef Shareefa Ahmed , Omer Noha , Abdelaziz Mahmoud A. , Jame Rasha , Zheng Hongjun , Gao Mengge , Du Haishun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for electronic devices has led to excessive stress on Earth′s resources, necessitating effective waste management and the search for renewable materials with minimal environmental impact. Bioelectronics, designed to interface with the human body, have traditionally been made from inorganic materials, such as metals, which, while having suitable electrical conductivity, differ significantly in chemical and mechanical properties from biological tissues. This can cause issues such as unreliable signal collection and inflammatory responses. Recently, natural biopolymers such as cellulose, chitosan, and silk have been explored for flexible devices, given their chemical uniqueness, shape flexibility, ease of processing, mechanical strength, and biodegradability. Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer, has been widely used across industries, and can be transformed into electronically conductive carbon materials. This review focuses on the advancements in cellulose‐based conductive materials for bioelectronics, detailing their chemical properties, methods to enhance conductivity, and forms used in bioelectronic applications. It highlights the compatibility of cellulose with biological tissues, emphasizing its potential in developing wearable sensors, supercapacitors, and other healthcare‐related devices. The review also addresses current challenges in this field and suggests future research directions to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of cellulose‐based bioelectronics.
Peer facilitation and teacher‐less pedagogy: A case study of a tertiary EFL listening course
Authors: Sun Xiaomei , Jiang Ling 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe benefits of peer facilitation on the development of students' skills in various fields have been widely discussed. However, we know very little about how teachers could draw on peer facilitation to improve pedagogical designs. This study aimed to investigate the influence of peer facilitation carried out in a tertiary EFL (English as a Foreign Language) listening course on students and teacher's pedagogical improvement. This qualitative case study collected data from four main sources: students' (n = 20) presentation slides; student feedback survey (n = 17) conducted at the end of the 4‐month listening project; teacher's reflective journal; teacher's observation notes. Two researchers adopted the approach of thematic analysis, following the six steps in the process of data analysis. On students' part, results indicate that pre‐facilitation training and teacher‐student communication in the preparation stage helped students improve linguistic, social and affective, cognitive and metacognitive skills. Learner autonomy was reflected in a good showcase of student personalities in peer facilitation and an awareness of demonstrating positionality when selecting materials and designing exercises for listening. On the teacher's part, by providing training for student peer facilitation, monitoring the preparation, observing the presentation, and giving feedback on the facilitation, the teacher gained a profound understanding of student needs, aspirations, and techniques adopted in their facilitation, which in turn helped the teacher improve pedagogical designs.
A Growth–Survival Trade‐Off Along an Elevation Gradient Is Altered by Earthquake Disturbance in a Monodominant Southern Beech Forest
Authors: Allen Robert B. , MacKenzie Darryl I. , Wiser Susan K. , Bellingham Peter J. , Burrows Lawrence E. , Coomes David A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTree growth–survival relationships link two demographic processes that individually dictate the composition, structure and functioning of forest ecosystems. While these relationships vary intra‐specifically, it remains unclear how this reflects environmental variation and disturbance. We examined the influence of a 700‐m elevation gradient and an Mw = 6.7 earthquake on intra‐specific variability in growth–survival relationships. We expected that survival models that incorporated recent growth would be better supported than those only using other factors known to influence tree survival. We used a permanent plot network that representatively sampled a monodominant Nothofagus forest in New Zealand's Southern Alps in 1974 and that was remeasured seven times through to 2009. The relationships were assessed using pre‐earthquake growth and survival, pre‐earthquake growth and post‐earthquake survival (0–5 years post‐earthquake), and post‐earthquake growth and survival (5+ years post‐earthquake). Survival was related to growth of 4504 trees on 216 plots using Bayesian modelling. We hypothesised there would be a positive, logistic relationship between growth and survival. Pre‐earthquake, we found a positive, logarithmic growth–survival relationship at all elevations. At higher elevations, trees grew more slowly but had higher survival than trees at lower elevations, supporting our hypothesised demographic trade‐off with elevation. The earthquake altered growth–survival relationships from those found pre‐earthquake and 0–5 years post‐earthquake survival held little relationship with growth. A strong, logarithmic growth–survival relationship developed 5+ years post‐earthquake because of enhanced survival of fast‐growing trees yet low survival of slow‐growing trees. Synthesis. Our findings demonstrate a trend in growth–survival relationships along an elevation gradient. If we assume a gradual climate warming is the equivalent of a forest stand shifting to a lower elevation, then data from our pre‐earthquake period suggest that tree growth–survival relationships at any elevation could adjust to faster growth and lower survival. We also show how these novel growth–survival relationships could be altered by periodic disturbance.
Increased Reproductive Output and Telomere Shortening Following Calcium Supplementation in a Wild Songbird
Authors: Rodriguez Marina D. , Bailey Susan M. , Doherty Paul F. , Huyvaert Kathryn P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTLife history theory predicts increased parental investment comes with fitness costs, often expressed as negative effects on survival and future reproduction. To better understand the costs of reproduction and life history trade‐offs, we evaluated calcium supplementation at a high‐elevation site in Colorado as a novel approach to experimentally alter reproductive investment in nesting female Tachycineta bicolor (tree swallow). Calcium is a nutrient critical to avian reproduction as the intake of natural calcium is essential for egg production, embryo development, and nestling growth. Altering calcium availability exclusively during the breeding season allowed examination of individual biological responses to experimental modification of reproduction, as well as the reproductive costs associated with egg production and laying an entire clutch. As a functional endpoint and proxy for fitness and longevity, telomere length was measured at the beginning and end of each breeding season. Telomeres—protective “caps” at the ends of chromosomes—have been shown to shorten with aging and a variety of stressors, including higher reproductive output. Results demonstrate that tree swallow mothers supplemented with calcium during the breeding season experience higher reproductive output and produce offspring with longer telomeres, which came at the cost of relatively shorter telomeres during the reproductive season. These findings provide additional support for reproductive trade‐offs, and also challenge previous calcium supplementation studies that suggest excess calcium reduces the cost of reproduction.
Climate gradient‐driven intraspecific aggregation propensity linked to interpatch modulation in grassland communities
Authors: Liu Huaiqiang , Wang Xinyu , Liu Zhiying , Jaesong Saihanna , Liu Jiayue , Yang Qianhui , Wang Ning , Gao Xiaotian , Feng Yarong , Li Haoxin , Chai Jianru , Zhang Jialu , Li Kexin , Li Frank Yonghong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe response of vegetation to climate change on a large scale should be studied at the community level rather than the species level. This necessitates a focused exploration of emerging spatial patterns. Here, we surveyed 264 sites in the Inner Mongolia typical steppe, using the “needling” method to investigate 39,600 clumps formed through the coexistence relationships of dominant species. We found that the effects of slow climate change on grassland communities can be categorized into two general trends: (1) a monotone relationship, characterized by changes in the number of dominant species, compositional diversity, and optimal patch area, and (2) a unimodal relationship, reflected in variations in the number of patches and interspecific associations. The two distinct trends, connected by optimal patch area, concurrently support both the habitat amount hypothesis and the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. These findings suggest that climate change indirectly influences the area and amount of vegetation patches by regulating the arrangement of clumps. Moreover, they indicate that it is the distribution, rather than the number, of species that serves as the front line for plant communities adapting to climate change.
Unpacking Forest Stewardship Council certification in Chile: The scope and limitations of neoliberal market‐driven governance for achieving sustainable development
Authors: Undurraga Tomas , Fergnani Mario 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is an international NGO promoting sustainable forest management by setting standards and certifying timber as eco‐friendly. After facing significant resistance from the Chilean forestry sector, which is plagued by environmental and territorial conflicts, FSC began certifying Chile's main forestry corporations in 2010. This article examines the implementation of FSC's standards by addressing two questions. First, how does FSC function in practice, including the roles of consultants, chambers, and instruments in the certification process? Second, what are the scope and limitations of FSC in achieving sustainable development and managing forestry industry conflicts? Elaborating on 24 interviews with key forestry stakeholders, ethnographic fieldwork, and documentary analysis, the findings indicate that FSC enhances management practices in the forestry industry by promoting legal compliance, rational production management, and improved relations between firms and local communities. FSC provides a green imaginary that ‘cleans up’ timber production as conflict‐free, facilitating its free circulation in the international market. However, as a private governance system, FSC is based on an artificial consensus that has limitations such as power imbalances between firms and communities, limited sanctioning power, and close ties with large industry actors. This neoliberal form of governance fails to resolve structural problems between industry and indigenous communities, yet it creates strategic opportunities for mediating the relationships between actors. In Chile, FSC enables incomplete citizenship for communities and serves as a ‘soft regulation’ for firms, reducing the likelihood of increased State regulation in the forestry sector.