bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment fidelity in Model of Human Occupation research
Authors: Bowyer Patricia , Tkach Melanie Morriss 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Treatment fidelity is an important consideration in occupational therapy efficacy research. It involves methodological strategies that enhance quantitative rigor and improves confidence in research outcomes. This study examines treatment fidelity in Model of Human Occupation efficacy literature because it is a widely used, occupation-focused theory with a substantial evidence base. Method Relevant articles ( n = 17) were coded for treatment fidelity with the Treatment Fidelity Measure. Percentages of articles reporting treatment fidelity strategies and mean adherence to fidelity strategies were calculated. One-way analysis of variance was used to examine fidelity over time. Results Only one study reported provider training strategies and measured nonspecific treatment effects. Overall mean adherence to treatment fidelity strategies for Model of Human Occupation research was 0.57; one study demonstrated high fidelity with a score of ≥0.80. Model of Human Occupation efficacy literature trends toward higher levels of treatment fidelity over time. Conclusion Model of Human Occupation research demonstrates a moderate level of treatment fidelity overall; it has stronger treatment fidelity from 2001 to the present. As the model progresses toward more outcomes studies, Model of Human Occupation scholars should report provider training and strategies that monitor treatment delivery to improve the quality and applicability of research outcomes.
Advantages of an Attached Semitendinosus Tendon Graft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Liu Shaohua , Sun Yaying , Wan Fang , Ding Zheci , Chen Shiyi , Chen Jiwu 
Published: October 2018

Background: The semitendinosus tendon graft with an intact tibial insertion has a sustainable blood supply and might be beneficial for graft maturation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, its potential advantages for graft tendon-bone healing is still unclear. Hypothesis: Intact tibial insertion of the hamstring tendon can preserve enough blood supply to keep the harvested tendon alive, which can improve tendon-bone healing and the biomechanical strength of the graft. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixty-four healthy New Zealand White rabbits underwent unilateral ACLR with a semitendinosus tendon autograft after random enrollment into 2 groups (study group, n = 32 rabbits with semitendinosus tendon–preserved tibial insertions; control group, n = 32 rabbits with free semitendinosus tendons). At weeks 3, 6, 12, and 24, 8 rabbits in each group were sacrificed to evaluate tendon-bone healing by histologic staining, micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) examination, and biomechanical test. Results: The grafts in the study group maintained a similar cell count with no signs of necrosis or hypocellularity across all time points, but the grafts in the control group underwent a characteristic stage of necrosis at weeks 3 and 6. Sharpey-like fibers were observed from postoperative 3 weeks at the tendon-bone interface in the study group, and a normal insertion-like structure was formed at week 12, which became more mature at week 24. In the control group, however, Sharpey-like fibers could not be observed until week 12, and a normal transition through cartilage from bone to tendon was not observed at any time point. Histologic scores of the tendon-bone interface in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group at week 6 ( P = .04), week 12 ( P < .001), and week 24 ( P = .04). As compared with the control group via micro-CT, the study group had a significantly smaller bone tunnel area at week 6 ( P = .01) and larger bone volume/total volume at week 3 ( P = .0026) and week 6 ( P = .01). Also, the study group had a significantly higher failure load at weeks 12 and 24 (both P = .03) and a significantly higher stiffness at week 24 ( P < .001) versus the control group. Conclusion: The semitendinosus tendon graft with an intact tibial insertion in ACLR would bypass the graft avascular necrosis stage, which improves tendon-bone healing and biomechanical strength. Clinical Relevance: An alive graft in ACLR could improve tendon-bone healing and the biomechanical strength of the graft, which might be beneficial to early and intensive rehabilitation after ACLR.
Change in Food and Beverage Availability and Marketing Following the Introduction of a Healthy Food Financing Initiative–Supported Supermarket
Authors: Singleton Chelsea R. , Li Yu , Odoms-Young Angela , Zenk Shannon N. , Powell Lisa M. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI) aims to expand access to healthy foods in low-resourced communities across the United States. This study examined changes in food and beverage availability and marketing in nearby small food stores after the opening of an HFFI-supported supermarket in a predominately low-income and African American community. Design: Natural experiment. Setting: Rockford, Illinois. Participants: A full audit was conducted of the small grocery and limited service stores located in a 1-mile radius around the new supermarket (N = 22) and a 1-square mile area within a nearby demographically matched comparison community (N = 18). Stores were audited in 2015 (1 month preopening) and 2016 (1 year afterward). Measures: Store characteristics, item availability, and interior and exterior promotions/advertisements were examined. Analysis: Difference-in-difference (DID) regression models assessed pre- and postintervention changes in availability and marketing between small food stores in the intervention and comparison communities. Results: The DID regression models indicated no difference between intervention and comparison communities with respect to changes in availability and marketing of all food items with the exception of frozen vegetables which had higher availability postintervention in the comparison community versus intervention (β for interaction term = .67; standard error: 0.33; P = .04). Conclusion: After the opening of the HFFI-supported supermarket, food and beverage availability and marketing in nearby small food stores did not change significantly. However, the wide range of staple foods offered by the supermarket contributed to the expansion of healthy food retail in the intervention community.
Clinical Outcomes and Complications of Midfoot Charcot Reconstruction With Intramedullary Beaming
Authors: Ford Samuel E. , Cohen Bruce E. , Davis W. Hodges , Jones Carroll P. 
Published: October 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical outcomes and complications of patients with midfoot Charcot managed with midfoot osteotomy, realignment arthrodesis, and stabilization using intramedullary beams. Methods: Consecutive patients with midfoot Charcot treated at a tertiary-care foot and ankle center from January 2013 to July 2016 who underwent corrective osteotomy with internal beam fixation were identified; 25 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients with a minimum 1-year follow-up were evaluated with physical examination, weightbearing radiographs, and patient-reported outcome measures. The primary outcome measure was defined as restoration of a stable, plantigrade, ulcer-free foot. Median age was 58 years, median BMI was 32, and 80% were diabetic (75% insulin-dependent). Results: An ulcer-free, stable, plantigrade foot was obtained in 84% of patients. The radiographic lateral and anteroposterior Meary angle medians improved 9° and 15°, respectively, from preoperative to final postoperative weightbearing measurements ( P < .001 and P = .02). Overall, 46% of midfoot osteotomies were united on final radiographs at a median 18-month radiographic follow-up. Deep infection developed in 6 (24%) patients. The presence of a preoperative ulcer was found to be predictive of postoperative infection (P = .04); all 6 deep infections occurred in patients with preoperative ulceration. Four (16%) patients progressed to amputation at a mean 15 postoperative months, all for deep infection. Conclusion: Midfoot Charcot reconstruction with intramedullary beaming allowed for restoration of an ulcer-free, plantigrade foot in most patients, but the complication rates were high, especially in patients with preoperative ulceration. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
PROMIS and FAAM Minimal Clinically Important Differences in Foot and Ankle Orthopedics
Authors: Hung Man , Baumhauer Judith F. , Licari Frank W. , Voss Maren W. , Bounsanga Jerry , Saltzman Charles L. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Establishing score points that reflect meaningful change from the patient perspective is important for interpreting patient-reported outcomes. This study estimated the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) values of 2 Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Sports subscale within a foot and ankle orthopedic population. Methods: Patients seen for foot and ankle conditions at an orthopedic clinic were administered the PROMIS Physical Function (PF) v1.2, the PROMIS Pain Interference (PI) v1.1, and the FAAM Sports at baseline and all follow-up visits. MCID estimation was conducted using anchor-based and distribution-based methods. Results: A total of 3069 patients, mean age of 51 years (range = 18-94), were included. The MCIDs for the PROMIS PF ranged from approximately 3 to 30 points (median = 11.3) depending on the methods being used. The MCIDs ranged from 3 to 25 points (median = 8.9) for the PROMIS PI, and from 9 to 77 points (median = 32.5) for the FAAM Sports. Conclusions: This study established a range of MCIDs in the PROMIS PF, PROMIS PI, and FAAM Sports indicating meaningful change in patient condition. MCID values were consistent across follow-up periods, but were different across methods. Values below the 25th percentile of MCIDs may be useful for low-risk clinical decisions. Midrange values (eg, near the median) should be used for high stakes decisions in clinical practice (ie, surgery referrals). The MCID values within the interquartile range should be utilized for most decision making. Level of Evidence: Level I, diagnostic study, testing of previously developed diagnostic measure on consecutive patients with reference standard applied.
Evaluation of static and dynamic pupil characteristics in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia
Authors: Yetkin Esat , Tekin Kemal , Kiziltoprak Hasan , Sekeroglu Mehmet Ali , Cankurtaran Veysel , Yasar Hakan Halit 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study is to perform a comparison of static and dynamic pupillometry measurements in patients with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and age-matched controls. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study consisted of 38 patients with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and 80 control subjects. A quantitative pupillometry system was used to evaluate the pupil characteristics of higher hyperopic eyes (Group 1), the fellow eyes (Group 2), and healthy eyes (Group 3). Static pupillometry measurements were taken including scotopic pupil diameter, mesopic pupil diameter, low-photopic pupil diameter, and high-photopic pupil diameter. Subsequently, dynamic pupillometry measurements were taken including resting diameter, amplitude of pupil contraction, latency of pupil contraction, duration of pupil contraction, velocity of pupil contraction, latency of pupil dilation, duration of pupil dilation, and velocity of pupil dilation. Results: Groups 1 and 2 had statistically significantly lower scotopic and high-photopic pupil diameter values compared with Group 3 (p < 0.05). The amplitude of pupil contraction values were also statistically significantly lower in Groups 1 and 2 compared with Group 3 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003). However, there were no significant differences between the study and the control eyes with respect to mesopic and high-photopic pupil diameter, resting diameter, latency of pupil contraction, duration of pupil contraction, velocity of pupil contraction, latency of pupil dilation, duration of pupil dilation, and velocity of pupil dilation values (p > 0.05, for all). Conclusion: Static and dynamic pupil characteristics of higher hyperopic eyes and their fellow eyes are similar. This may support that amblyopia is not a monocular disorder, but can affect both eyes.
Evaluation of ocular motility deviation changes in exotropic patients after cycloplegic eye drops versus prism adaptation test
Authors: Zahavi Alon , Friling Ronit , Ron Yonina , Ehrenberg Miriam , Nahum Yoav , Snir Moshe 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To evaluate changes in ocular motility deviation with cycloplegic eye drop examination compared to the prism adaptation test in patients with strabismus. Methods: The medical charts were reviewed of all patients who underwent primary strabismus surgery in our center from December 2013 to July 2015. Data collected included demographics, medical history, and findings on pre-operative ophthalmic/orthoptic examination. Ocular motility deviation was measured before instillation of cycloplegic eye drops, immediately after maximal dilation (end point), and 10 and 20 min later. Prism adaptation test readings were taken at baseline, immediately after prism removal (end point), and 10 and 20 min later. Results: A total of 43 patients had complete pre- and post-operative evaluations. Our analysis focused only on the exotropic patients (n = 33). On cycloplegics, there was no significant difference in ocular motility deviation between baseline and end point for distance and near (p = 0.584, p = 0.468, respectively). On prism adaptation test, comparison of ocular motility deviation between baseline and end point was statistically significant for distance and near (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, respectively). Changes remained significant 10 min after the end point for near (p = 0.011). Comparison at the end points between the tests revealed statistical significance for distance and near, favoring the prism adaptation test (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). This significance was maintained even after 10 min for near (p = 0.036). Conclusion: The prism adaptation test is preferred over cycloplegic eye drops for the evaluation of maximal reserve of distance/near motility before surgical correction of exotropia.
Surgical closure of giant traumatic macular hole with retinal graft
Authors: Özkan Berna , Karabaş V Levent 
Published: October 2018

Aim: To present a case with a large traumatic macular hole that we repaired with a retinal graft. Case description: A 24-year-old male patient presented with corneal penetration and an intraocular foreign body caused by a work accident. Vitrectomy and intraocular foreign body removal were performed. One month after the surgery, the patient had macula on retinal detachment in the nasal and superior quadrant. In addition, a giant macular hole was formed. However, the macula was atrophic because of the trauma, and we could not repair the hole with classic macular hole surgery techniques. For this reason, we used a retinal graft to cover the macular hole, and we observed that the hole was closed in follow-up visits. Conclusion: Retinal grafts can be used in patients with giant macular holes. They may be useful especially in patients with atrophic macula in trauma cases.
Contextualized bilingualism among adolescents from four different ethnic groups in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Betty Tjipta , van de Vijver Fons J R , Chasiotis Athanasios , Bender Michael 
Published: October 2018

Aims and objectives: We were interested in group differences in Indonesia in bilingualism, whether vocabulary knowledge shows a differential pattern across the languages, and whether language skill and usage differences between groups are moderated by contextual factors, such as ethnic group size. Data and analysis: We examined group differences in language usage at home and in public, self-reported proficiency, and vocabulary scores in both languages among 632 adolescents (292 males, Mage = 14.57 years) from four ethnic groups in Indonesia (214 Javanese, 115 Batak Toba, 108 Toraja, and 195 Chinese). Differential item functioning analysis was conducted to test whether adolescents had different vocabulary they only know in one language, which would indicate equality or inequality in access to knowledge in the two languages. Findings: There were large differences in language knowledge and usage. The lowest scores in ethnic language vocabulary and usage were found among the Chinese group. Across groups, scores for Bahasa Indonesia (L2) vocabulary were higher than ethnic language (L1) vocabulary. However, the ranking from easy to difficult words was similar across the languages and there were no specific sets of items that were differentially known in any language. Implication: Despite the differences in bilingualism skill and usage, all groups have similar access to different domains of the languages, and L2 (Bahasa Indonesia) seems to have become the dominant language in all groups. Our findings also imply that bilingualism comprises various domains, including language skill, self-reported proficiency, and self-reported usage, and that the associations between these components are not very strong. Originality: We investigated bilingualism among non-immigrant adolescents in an under-researched, non-WEIRD (western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic) society. The study shows the role of language usage and skill that is different from a western context in various aspects, such as the dominance of L2 in all groups.
Drug holiday in patients with polycystic liver disease treated with somatostatin analogues
Authors: van Aerts René M. M. , Kolkman Marieke , Kievit Wietske , Gevers Tom J. G. , Nevens Frederik , Drenth Joost P. H. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Somatostatin analogues (SAs) reduce liver volume and relief symptoms in polycystic liver disease (PLD). Its effect wears off after continuing therapy suggesting development of SA tolerance in patients on chronic therapy. We postulate that a drug holiday resensitizes the liver to its acute pharmacological effects. Therefore, this study examines the liver volume-reducing effect of SAs after a drug holiday. Methods: Patients were identified from the International PLD Registry and included in our analysis when (1) treated with SAs during two cycles separated by a drug holiday and (2) height-adjusted total liver volume (hTLV) was available at start and end of each cycle. For our primary outcome we compared the effect of SAs (in % per 6 months) on hTLV between the first and second treatment cycle. Results: In 34 patients, initial liver volume-reducing effect was similar to that after rechallenge [−2.6% per 6 months (interquartile range, −3.8–0.8) versus −1.6% per 6 months (interquartile range, −3.1–1.1), p = 0.510]. Cessation of treatment led to a rebound effect, but liver volume remained stable compared with the baseline with intermittent therapy in responders to SA [−0.6% (interquartile range, −7.4–5.7) after 46.5 months]. Conclusions: PLD patients treated with SAs benefit from retreatment after a drug holiday. The significant increase of liver volume after cessation of treatment complicates widespread use of a drug holiday as new treatment strategy. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the pharmacological effect of SAs and help to identify patients who might benefit.
Effect of Nigella sativa Nasal Spray on the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without a Nasal Polyp
Authors: Rezaeian Ahmad , Amoushahi Khouzani Sanaz 
Published: October 2018

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of nasal and paranasal sinuses, with many treatment methods available for the management of this disease. Recently, herbal medicines have shown a significant impact on inflammatory diseases such as CRS, and one of these herbal medicines is Nigella sativa. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of N. sativa in patients with CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP). Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 65 patients with mild to moderate CRSsNP were enrolled based on the inclusion criteria. Patients were divided randomly into 2 parallel groups: intervention and placebo groups. Patients in the intervention group received 2 puffs/day of N. sativa nasal spray (1 g/day of N. sativa) and in the placebo group received 2 puffs/day of sodium chloride spray 0.65%. Results Thirty-one patients (19 men and 12 women) in the intervention group and 34 in the placebo group (18 men and 16 women) were evaluated. Lund–McKay, Lund Kennedy, and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 scores were assessed for both groups after 8 weeks of treatments. These scores decreased significantly in both groups. However, these scores were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the placebo group ( P < .0001, for all). Conclusion The use of N. sativa nasal spray has symptom reliever effect with no adverse effects in patients with CRSsNP.
Application of black phosphorus nanodots to live cell imaging
Authors: Shin Yong Cheol , Song Su-Jin , Lee Yu Bin , Kang Moon Sung , Lee Hyun Uk , Oh Jin-Woo , Han Dong-Wook 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as a novel class of nanomaterials owing to its unique optical and electronic properties. BP, a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, is a structure where phosphorenes are stacked together in layers by van der Waals interactions. However, although BP nanodots have many advantages, their biosafety and biological effect have not yet been elucidated as compared to the other nanomaterials. Therefore, it is particularly important to assess the cytotoxicity of BP nanodots for exploring their potentials as novel biomaterials.

Methods
BP nanodots were prepared by exfoliation with a modified ultrasonication-assisted solution method. The physicochemical properties of BP nanodots were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. In addition, the cytotoxicity of BP nanodots against C2C12 myoblasts was evaluated. Moreover, their cell imaging potential was investigated.

Results
Herein, we concentrated on evaluating the cytotoxicity of BP nanodots and investigating their cell imaging potential. It was revealed that the BP nanodots were cytocompatible at a low concentration, although the cell viability was decreased with increasing BP nanodot concentration. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the cells took up the BP nanodots, and the BP nanodots exhibited green fluorescence.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings suggest that the BP nanodots have suitable biocompatibility, and are promising candidates as fluorescence probes for biomedical imaging applications.