bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of intervertebral disc disease on scoliosis in the lumbar spine
Authors: Wojcik Gustaw , Piskorz Jolanta , Ilzecka Joanna , Bulikowski Wlodzimierz 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Lumbar intervertebral discopathy is a common clinical problem and a significant cause of low back pain. Usually it is associated with overload and damage to the intervertebral disc, which directly relates to the instability of the motion segment. Renal normal anatomy between tissues within the spinal canal is a cause of the reflex curvature of the spine, the goal is to increase the volume of the spinal channel and reduce the compression of the nerve tissue. Knee-jerk reaction to pain is an non physiological change of the setting of the spine in the frontal plane.
The aim of the study was to establish the relationship of migration of the intervertebral disc with reflex scoliosis in the lumbar region in patients with lumbar disc herniation.
Material and methods. The studies involved 78 patients aged 18-55 years with damaged intervertebral disc with annulus fibrosus of the bulge in the posterior-lateral direction. The study used multi-row spiral CT scanner.
Results. In the patients, reflex lateral curvature was observed. The angle of scoliosis was measured with Cobb method; it did not exceed 10 degrees. It was also established that spontaneously the shallowing of lumbar lordosis and vertical alignment of the sacrum occured.
Conclusion. The study shows that in most patients diagnosed with lateral migration of the intervertebral disc there develops a slight lateral curvature of the spine, which is a reflex reaction of axial musculoskeletal to discogenic pain.
Consumption and awareness of students about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Wawryk-Gawda Ewelina , Chylinska-Wrzos Patrycja , Lis-Sochocka Marta , Jodlowska-Jedrych Barbara 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used by millions of people worldwide to neutralize pain that is of different origin, as well as to treat fever and inflammation. However, NSAIDs misuse/overuse can induce many adverse effects and some potentially serious complications. The aim of the our study was to ascertain young people’s knowledge about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The research tool was a questionnaire. This study was carried out among students of the Medical University in Lublin, and it involved 236 persons of an average age of 20 years. The questions were intended to assess the frequency of NSAIDs use and the general knowledge that is held with respect to them. The results of this work show that more than 77% of the respondents confirmed that they use NSAIDs. Our results revealed no statistical correlation between the place of living or origin and the use of this drug. Hence, it can be said that while young adults quite often use NSAIDs, their knowledge about the dangers associated with the use of NSAIDs is low. Therefore, it is necessary to more intensively disseminate knowledge on the potential adverse effects of NSAID utilization.
Selected caries diagnostic methods
Authors: Kuchta Ewa , Szymanska Jolanta 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Standard caries diagnostic methods include a visual tactile method, as well as several radiographic methods. The former is a subjective method, while bitewing radiographs and digital radiographs (radiovisiography) enable detection of caries lesions only after 30% of hard dental tissue mineral substances have been lost. The paper presents methods based on electrical and optical phenomena that allow early caries diagnosis. Strengths and weaknesses of each presented method are discussed, basing this on recent literature review. The methods of caries detection generally used in daily clinical practice, combined with alternative methods, make it possible to significantly increase the effectiveness of dental caries diagnosis.
Impact of the grasping test on women’s cardiovascular systems, and the possibility of replacing the orthostatic tolerance test with it
Authors: Zaluska Karolina , Sawicki Tomasz , Kulesza Bartlomiej , Nogalski Adam 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the impact of the Grasping Test (GT) on the female cardiovascular system and to ascertain the possibility of using this to replace the Orthostatic Tolerance Test (OT). In this study, 15 volunteer female students were examined, and their physiological parameters - their systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP), and their heart rates (HR) - were compared. We found that the Orthostatic Tolerance Test (changing the position of the body from recumbent to upright) and the Grasping Test induced meaningful but similar changes in the functioning of the women’s cardiovascular system. The results confirm that there were significant similarities between the cardiovascular system measurements as produced through the Orthostatic Tolerance Test and the Grasping Test. The possibility of introducing the procedure into clinical practice is a crucial factor for continuing our research in the wider population.
The effect of one-electron reduced drugs on hepatic aconitase activity and triglycerides level
Authors: Wnukowska Magdalena , Mandziuk Slawomir , Korga Agnieszka , Jodlowska-Jedrych Barbara , Matysiak Wlodzimierz , Halasa Justyna , Burdan Franciszek , Iwan Magdalena , Gieroba Renata , Dudka Jaroslaw 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The redox cycle triggered by one electron reduction of doxorubicin and tirapazamine - both anticancer agents - leads to superoxide production. This superoxide production itself removes one iron atom from the [4Fe-4S] cluster, being an active center of aconitase. In addition, the incurred changes in cell redox equilibrium may affect lipid metabolism. The aim of the study was to evaluate a concomitant effect of both drugs on hepatic aconitase activity and triglycerides level. In our study, doxorubicin (1.8 mg/kg b.w.) was administered intraperitoneal (i.p.) six times, once a week, within male Wistar rats, to achieve a cumulative dose of 10.8 mg/kg b.w. Two hours before every doxorubicin administration, tirapazamine in the dose of either 5 or 10 mg/kg b.w. was also i.p. injected. A week after withdrawing drug administration, the liver was taken for biochemical analysis. Therein, an increase in aconitase activity and a decrease in triglycerides level was seen in all groups exposed to doxorubicin. Our work demonstrated that tirapazamine administration had no influence on both tested parameters, but its higher dose rate normalized aconitase activity affected by doxorubicin.
The activity of micafungin against clinical isolates of non-albicans Candida spp.
Authors: Biernasiuk Anna , Dobiecka Ewelina , Zdzienicka Grazyna , Malm Anna 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Infections caused by non-albicans Candida spp. are an important medical problem in people from risk groups, e.g. hematooncological patients. The aim of this paper was to analyse the in vitro activity of micafungin against 30 clinical isolates of non-albicans Candida spp. (C. glabrata, C. famata, C. tropicalis, C. inconspicua, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei) by way of the E-test procedure, allowing determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Data presented in this paper indicate that most of the studied clinical isolates - 27 (90%) showed sensitivity to micafungin, with MIC values ranging from 0.004 to 2 mg/l, while 3 (10%) isolates, including 2 isolates of C. tropicalis and 1 isolate of C. famata, were resistant to micafungin, with MIC values > 32 mg/l. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of micafungin, defined as MIC inhibited growth of 50% or 90% of the isolates studied, were 0.008 mg/l or 2 mg/l, respectively. In the case of C. glabrata isolates, MICs ranged from 0.004 to 0.016 mg/l, while MIC50 was 0.004 mg/l and MIC90 - 0.008 mg/l. Our data confirm the utility of micafungin for the therapy of the infections caused by non-albicans Candida spp., especially C. glabrata.
A preliminary report on the susceptibility to aminoglycosides of Escherichia coli isolated from the community-acquired urinary tract infections in adults in south-east Poland
Authors: Fidecka-Skwarzynska Magdalena , Juda Marek , Maziarczyk Lucyna , Malm Anna 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
World-wide, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important clinical problem. In such, the most frequently isolated uropathogen is Escherichia coli. In the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs, e.g. cystitis, the widely used antibiotics are nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin trometamol or ciprofloxacin, while the treatment of pyelonephritis requires the usage of antibiotics with a broader spectrum of activity, such as cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation, aminoglycosides or even carbapenems. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility to aminoglycosides (such as amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin) of E. coli isolated from UTIs in adult community patients living in Lubelszczyzna. We found that all of the 86 strains of E. coli encountered were susceptible to amikacin. Moreover, the prevalence of susceptibility to tobramycin, gentamicin or netilmicin among the tested strains was found to be 89,5%, 90,7% or 94,2%, respectively. The data obtained in the present study shows the high susceptibility to aminoglycosides of E. coli isolated from the community-acquired UTIS in adults. These data, together with that derived from current literature, indicate that aminoglycosides, when employed in combination therapy with other antibiotics, may still be very useful group of antibacterial agents in the treatment of UTI’s in Poland.
The inflluence of emulsifiers on physical properties and release parameters of creams with caffeine
Authors: Dwornicka Dorota , Wojciechowska Katarzyna , Zun Maria , Kasperek Regina , Swiader Katarzyna , Szumilo Michal , Poleszak Ewa 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Caffeine is well known alkaloid chemical compound belonging to the methyl-xanthines group. It is an active substance that is found in many cosmetic products, as it has a stimulating action on both the central nervous system and the metabolism. Commercially available topical formulations normally contain 3% of caffeine and 7% anticellulite products.
The aim of our work was to investigate the properties of four cream preparations. These consisted of 5% of caffeine and one of four different emulsifiers (GSC, Sodium polyacrylate, Emulsifying Base, MDS). In our work, we compared the physical properties (spreadability, slip and tenacity), the rheological structure of the resulting creams and the caffeine release from the obtained preparations. The results showed that the properties of these creams and their drug release depended upon the kind of the emulsifiers utilised. What is more, all preparations have a pseudoplastic character of flow and most of them have significant thixotropy. Furthermore, the amount of released caffeine is the largest from the MDS cream, and this emulsifier seems to be the most optimal in all the examined items.
A chemical activity evaluation of two dental calcium silicate-based materials
Authors: Chalas Renata , Mielko Ewelina , Zubrzycka-Wrobel Joanna , Nowak Jakub 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Calcium silicate-based materials are interesting products widely used in dentistry. The study was designed to compare the chemical reaction between analyzed two preparates and dentin during cavity lining. In our work, dentinal discs were prepared from human extracted teeth filled with Biodentine and MTA+. The samples were then analyzed by way of SEM, EDS and Raman spectroscopy. The obtained results revealed differences in elemental composition between both materials. Biodentine showed higher activity in contact with dentine. Moreover, the interfacial layer in the tooth filled by Biodentine was wider than that in the tooth filled with MTA+. The applied methods of analysis confirmed that both materials have a bioactive potential which is a promising ability.
Analysis of mutation and promoter methylation of TP53 gene in tumors of the head and neck
Authors: Jarzynski Adrian , Papiernik Katarzyna , Polz-Dacewicz Malgorzata 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
According to current World Health Organization data, worldwide, cancer is second to cardiovascular diseases as the leading cause of death. The p53 protein is a translation product of the TP53 gene, and it has many functions in cells. Indeed, for this, it is commonly called the “guardian of the genome”. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of mutation and methylation in the promoter of the TP53 gene in cells affected with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The research material consisted of 34 DNA samples isolated from surgically removed tissue fragments of head and neck tumors. In this work, analysis of all samples for the presence of mutations proved negative. This result simultaneously revealed an absence of mutation in the TP53 gene promoter in the analyzed material. However, the detection of changes in the methylation profile status of the promoter of the TP53 gene in the DNA samples revealed the presence of both methylated alleles in 76.5% of the sample population, while in the remaining 23.5%, methylation was present in only one allele of the studied gene. In our work, we assumed that samples displaying methylation involving two alleles will show greater predisposition to the development of a malignant tumor. The obtained results reveal that despite the lack of mutation in the TP53 gene promoter, its functioning may be impaired by other mechanisms – either epigenetic or environmental.
Contemporary pharmacological obesity treatments
Authors: Kaszubska Katarzyna , Budzynska Barbara , Biala Grazyna 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In the last few years, obesity has become a global epidemic. Consequently, worldwide costs associated with managing obesity and obesity-related comorbidities are huge. Numerous studies have focused on discerning the appropriate proper treatment of weight related problems such as overweight and obesity. Moreover, many clinical trials have been conducted for many years in order to introduce effective anti-obesity drugs. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of current and future pharmacotherapy for obesity, and to provide the reader with a determination of the concentration and composition of long and short term anti-obesity drugs, doing so by placing emphasis on pharmacotherapy and up-to-day solutions. It should be noted that, currently, the worldwide pharmacotherapy is represented by phendimetrazine, benzphetamine and diethylpropion, as well as by orlistat, lorcaserin, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion and liraglutide. In our paper, individual cases of patients’ needs are thoroughly illustrated by way of examples. Medical prescriptions and contraindications are also described.
Using tests and models to assess antidepressant-like activity in rodents
Authors: Kedzierska Ewa , Wach Izabela 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In today's world, depression is one of the more prevalent forms of mental illness. According to WHO, about 10%-30% of all women and 7%-15% of all men are afflicted by depression at least once in their life-times. Today, depression is assessed to be affecting 350 million people. Regarding this issue, an important challenge for current psychopharmacology is to develop new, more effective pharmacotherapy and to understand the mechanism of action of known antidepressants. Furthermore, there is the necessity to improve the effectiveness of anti-depression treatment by way of bringing about an understanding of the neurobiology of this illness. In achieving these objectives, animal models of depression can be useful. Yet, presently, all available animal models of depression rely on two principles: the actions of known antidepressants or the responses to stress. In this paper, we present an overview of the most widely used animal tests and models that are employed in assessing antidepressant-like activity in rodents. These include amphetamine potentiation, reversal of reserpine action, the forced swimming test, the tail suspension test, learned helplessness, chronic mild stress and social defeat stress. Moreover, the advantages and major drawbacks of each model are also discussed.
Monosaccharide composition of Herniaria glabra L. and Herniaria polygama J.Gay
Authors: Kozachok Solomiia , Marchyshyn Svitlana , Ostapchuk Andriy , Zavyalova Liudmyla 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The plants from Herniaria genus (Caryophyllaceae family) are mainly applied as diuretic agents for the treatment of kidney and gall-stones, gouts, urinary tract infections, hypertension and diabetes. The most widely spread species in Europe is Herniaria glabra L. (HG). Herniaria polygama J.Gay (HP) is found growing from Eastern Europe to Asia. Surprisingly, no work has been reported on the analysis of primary metabolites of HP yet and there is only a limited data on HG. The aim of our study was to establish the monosaccharide composition after a complete hydrolysis and in a free state in the entire herbs of HG and HP harvested in the western and central parts of Ukraine. The carbohydrates were separated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion into volatile derivatives as aldononitrile acetate. As a result, the monosaccharide composition after a total hydrolysis was established with the contribution of the following components: D-rhamnose, D-arabinose, D-fucose, D-xylose, D-manose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-pinitol, myo-inisitol, D-mannitol, D-dulcitol. In a free state it was detected: D-fructose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-pinitol, myo-inisitol, D-mannitol and D-saccharose. The following monosaccharides were found in the most abundant quantities in HG and HP respectively: glucose was determined as the major component – 33.40 and 22.80 mg/g, the second dominant sugar was pinitol – 16.80 and 18.07 mg/g, followed by galactose – 13.88 mg/g in HG and arabinose – 8.13 mg/g in HP. Sugars were determined in these plant species for the first time and this finding shed new light on their pharmacological application.
The Acculturation Strategy of the Tabut Community in Bengkulu
Authors: Marhayati Nelly , Suryanto Suryanto 
Published: March 2018

This research examines the acculturation strategy of the Tabut community, a minority group in Bengkulu. Acculturation occurs when two or more cultures meet, and the purpose of an acculturation of an acculturation strategy is to harmonize the contact. According to the Berry perspective, there are four strategies that groups or individuals can apply during acculturation. These are: integration, separation, assimilation, and marginalization. Most cultures in Indonesia, physical or non-physical, have been formed through an acculturation process. The Tabut tradition in Bengkulu is an example of a non-physical cultural process of acculturation. The Tabut came to Bengkulu from Punjab hundreds of years ago, and the long process of acculturation has occurred within the community and through their traditions. An integration strategy has been used by the Tabut community to preserve their heredity. In this context integration means maintaining the original culture and perceived cultural contact.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.4319
Islām wa fiqh Nusantara: al-Tanāfus ‘alá al-huwīyah wa ‘alāqat al-sulṭah wa al-ramz al-dīnī li jam‘īyah Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Harisudin Muhammad Noor 
Published: March 2018

This article tries to explain how the debate of Islam Nusantara and Fiqh Nusantara discourses among internal Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) happened. The debate, in fact, not only comes from the external of NU’s adherents, but also from the inner-circle of NU’s followers. In the 2015 NU Congress in Jombang, East Java, the debate was polarized into two main groups, namely the traditional ulama and the liberal ulama. The liberal group of NU as represented by Said Aqil Siradj, the General Chairman of PBNU for two periods (2010-2015 and 2015-2020) has been considered as a group of Islam Nusantara bearer, while Hasyim Muzadi, the former General Chairman of PBNU (1999-2004 and 2004-2010) has been considered as a representation of traditional group who reject the concept of Islam Nusantara. This study finds that the debate is not solely about the Islam Nusantara content, but it relates to the power relations among NU’s elite in identifying NU organization with the others to seize the symbols of “power” within NU organization.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.4324
The Quranic Exegesis, Reformism, and Women in Twentieth Century Indonesia
Authors: Ismail Norbani B. 
Published: March 2018

The paper examines the process of idea formation and intellectual roots of al-Manār reform in the field of tafsīr and the transmission of its ideas through the tafsīr work of Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, also known as Hamka (d.1981). It argues that Hamka internalized al-Manār reform in his writings, particularly in his seminal exegetical work, Tafsir al-Azhar. This paper studies Hamka’s interpretation of the Qur’anic verses and passages related to women, such as: equality in marriage and divorce, gender equality, polygamy, and modesty. Hamka exhibited originality and creativity within a Southeast Asian context in interpreting these verses related to women’s issues. His writing also synthesized and manifested the symbiotic links between past exegetical approaches and modern ones. The result was an interpretation of the Quran that speaks to the Southeast Asian indigenous Muslim culture, while being firmly rooted within the Islamic intellectual tradition and modernist reform.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.5187
Islam, Radicalism, Democracy, and Global Trends in Southeast Asia
Authors: Fadlan Muhammad Nida' , Saputra Rangga Eka 
Published: March 2018

In the last few years, we have witnessed tremendous events occurred on social, religious and political fields in Southeast Asia. This region is believed to be one the most hybrid regions in the world. On one hand, we see the proliferation of democracy and civil society in most of Southeast Asian countries. On the other hand, we also see religious extremism, terrorism, ethno-religious conflicts, and other religious-based violence which have disrupted the stability of this region. The Marawi conflict in the Philippines, the Rohingya case in Myanmar, as well as several cases of violence against minorities in Indonesia and several other Southeast Asian countries are clear evidence that this problem poses threats to the stability of this highly plural societies in the region. For the reason above, the Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta held the 2nd Studia Islamika International Conference 2017 with the main theme "Southeast Asian Islam: Religious Radicalism, Democracy and Global Trends" on 8-10 August 2017 in Jakarta, Indonesia. This conference is a continuation of the first conference held in 2014.The 2nd Studia Islamika International Conference 2017 is organized to respond various aspects related to current social and religious issues in Southeast Asia. The conference explores Southeast Asian's political trends including religious radicalism, democratic development, and global trends. In addition, the conference is also dedicated to promote Studia Islamika, published by PPIM, as an important reference on studies of Islam in Indonesia and Southeast Asia.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.6566