bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wikis como herramientas de trabajo colaborativo complementario y desarrollo de recursos para la formación en traducción a nivel universitario: Análisis retrospectivo
Authors: Vitalaru Bianca 
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene dos objetivos. En primer lugar, nos hemos propuesto hacer un análisis retrospectivo de los diferentes tipos de actividades realizadas con alumnos de un Máster de Traducción e Interpretación para desarrollar la habilidad de trabajo en grupo utilizando nuevas tecnologías como parte de la competencia interpersonal, fundamental para los traductores según la Red EMT de la Comisión Europea. En segundo lugar, nos interesa evaluar la utilidad de las herramientas wiki para facilitar el trabajo colaborativo en la creación/producción de recursos propios y de materiales bilingües/multilingües para personas en formación del campo de la TI en los servicios públicos (TISP). En este sentido tendremos en cuenta el tipo de tarea, las adaptaciones y cambios de los diferentes cursos académicos en los que se ha implementado desde 2007 hasta 2010 y las habilidades desarrolladas por los alumnos. Finalmente, propondremos unas reflexiones y recomendaciones generales.
This article has two objectives. The first one is to include a retrospective analysis of the different types of activities carried out with students of a Translation and Interpreting Master’s Degree in order to develop the ability to work in groups using new technologies as part of the interpersonal competence, fundamental for translators according to the EMT Network of the European Commission. Moreover, we are interested in evaluating the usefulness of wiki tools to facilitate collaborative work in the creation / production of resources and bilingual / multilingual materials by students enrolled in community interpreting (PSIT) studies. In this context we will take into account the type of task, the adaptations and changes of the different academic courses in which wikis have been implemented from 2007 to 2010 and the skills developed by the students. Finally, we will propose some reflections and general recommendations.
Clarifying a trophic black box: stable isotope analysis reveals unexpected dietary variation in the Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens
Authors: Pizarro Jessica , Docmac Felipe , Harrod Chris 
Published: May 2019

Background
Small fishes play fundamental roles in pelagic ecosystems, channelling energy and nutrients from primary producers to higher trophic levels. They support globally important fisheries in eastern boundary current ecosystems like the Humboldt Current System (HCS) of the SE Pacific (Chile and Peru), where fish catches are the highest in the world (per unit area). This production is associated with coastal upwelling where fisheries target small pelagic fishes including the Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens). The elevated biomass attained by small pelagics is thought to reflect their low trophic position in short/simple food chains. Despite their global importance, large gaps exist in our understanding of the basic ecology of these resources. For instance, there is an ongoing debate regarding the relative importance of phytoplankton versus animal prey in anchovy diet, and ecosystem models typically assign them a trophic position (TP) of ∼2, assuming they largely consume phytoplankton. Recent work based on both relative energetic content and stable isotope analysis (SIA) suggests that this value is too low, with δ15N values indicating that anchovy TP is ca. 3.5 in the Peruvian HCS.

Methods
We characterised the trophic ecology of adult anchovies (n = 30), their putative prey and carnivorous jack mackerel (n = 20) captured from N Chile. SIA (δ13C and δ15N) was used to estimate the relative contribution of different putative prey resources. δ15N was used to estimate population level trophic position.

Results
Anchovies showed little variability in δ13C (−18.7 to −16.1‰) but varied greatly in δ15N (13.8 to 22.8‰)—individuals formed two groups with low or high δ15N values. When considered as a single group, mixing models indicated that anchovy diet was largely composed of zooplankton (median contribution: 95% credibility limits), with major contributions of crustacean larvae (0.61: 0.37–0.77) and anchovy (preflexion) larvae (0.15: 0.02–0.34), and the assimilation of phytoplankton was negligible (0.05: 0–0.22). The modal (95% credibility limits) estimate of TP for the pooled anchovy sample was 3.23 (2.93–3.58), overlapping with recent SIA-based estimates from Peru. When the two δ15N groups were analysed separately, our results indicate that the lower δ15N group largely assimilated materials from crustacean larvae (0.73: 0.42–0.88), with a TP of 2.91 (2.62–3.23). Mixing models suggested high δ15N anchovies were cannibalistic, consuming anchovy preflexion larvae (0.55: 0.11–0.74). A carnivorous trophic niche was supported by high TP (3.79: 3.48–4.16), mirroring that of carnivorous juvenile jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi; 3.80: 3.51–4.14). Our results support recent conclusions regarding high TP values of anchovy from Peru and reveal new insights into their trophic behaviour. These results also highlight the existence of cryptic trophic complexity and ecosystem function in pelagic food webs, classically considered as simple.
Polyhalogen and Polyinterhalogen Anions from Fluorine to Iodine
Authors: Sonnenberg Karsten , Mann Lisa , Redeker Frenio A. , Schmidt Benjamin , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis Review deals with the evolving field of polyhalogen chemistry, specifically polyhalogen anions (polyhalides). In addition to a historical outline, current progress in synthetic approaches towards the formation of polyfluorides, polychlorides, polybromides, and polyinterhalides is also illustrated. The structural diversity of polyhalides has substantially increased in the past decade, especially for polychlorides and polybromides, which are commonly characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and quantum‐chemical calculations. Polyfluorides have been examined by sophisticated state‐of‐the‐art quantum‐chemical calculations and investigated spectroscopically in noble gas matrix‐isolation experiments under cryogenic conditions at 4 K. The bonding in such polyhalide systems is also discussed. The last Section deals with applications of polyhalides in halogenation reactions and electrochemistry as well as their use as reactive ionic liquids, emphasizing the promising future of polyhalogen chemistry.
Bio‐Based Polyurethanes from Microbially Converted Castor Oil
Authors: Tran Tuan Kiet , Kumar Prasun , Kim Hak‐Ryul , Hou Ching T. , Kim Beom Soo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBio‐based new polyurethanes (PU) were synthesized from microbially converted castor oil. Castor oil was used as a raw material to synthesize 7,10,12‐trihydroxy‐8(E)‐octadecenoic acid (TOD) by the strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3. Subsequently, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) was used in different ratios and reacted with TOD to produce new PU. Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were used to confirm the identity of TOD. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile property testing were used to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of PU. PU synthesized based on TOD had a tensile strength of 45.4 MPa with low elongation at break of 8.16% at an isocyanate/hydroxyl ratio of 2.0. To modify the properties of PU, TOD was blended separately with polyethylene glycol or polycaprolactone diol at different weight ratios before reacting with HMDI. The modified polymer showed improved thermal stability and comparatively higher elongation at break. This is the first study demonstrating the conversion of castor oil into TOD that can be used stand alone or as a blend for PU synthesis.
Tailoring of oxidized starch's adhesion using crosslinker and adhesion promotor for the recycling of fiberboards
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi , Park Byung‐Dae , Hong Min‐Kug 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe growing interest in recycling waste medium density fiberboards (MDFs) is driving the development of new adhesives that provide sufficient adhesion, and allow disintegration of the waste MDFs. Described in here is the preparation of adhesives based on oxidized starch (OS) in combination with blocked‐polymeric 4‐4 diphenylmethane diisocyanate (B‐pMDI) as a crosslinker and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as an adhesion promotor for the recycling of waste MDFs. The COOH groups of OS were reacted with NCO groups of B‐pMDI to form amide linkages, and the CHO groups were reacted with OH groups of PVA through hydrogen bonding. Further, when applied as an adhesive, the OS formed ester linkages with OH of MDF fibers. As the results, MDF bonded with 1% B‐pMDI/15% PVA/OS adhesive had an internal bonding strength of 0.13 MPa, 0.01 mg L−1 of formaldehyde emission (FE), and 12% of degree of fiber disintegration. These results demonstrate that the B‐pMDI/PVA/OS adhesive is a possible alternative to the current urea–formaldehyde resins for the recycling of waste MDFs into recycled MDFs without FE. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47966.
Genetic variants in p53 signaling pathway genes predict chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Ke , Meng Yixuan , Cao Xiangming , Xu Ye , Du Mulong , Wu Yuan , Liu Lingxiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe murine double minute‐2 gene (MDM2) was originally identified as predicting chemotherapy efficacy. However, little is known regarding the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the p53 signaling pathway and prognosis/chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer.MethodsWe analyzed the association between 111 SNPs in 22 p53 signaling pathway genes and both progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease control rate (DCR) using Cox regression and logistics regression analysis. The false discovery rate method was used for correction of multiple testing. Secondary structure was predicted by RNAfold. Expression qualitative trait locus analysis and mRNA expression differences were assessed using the GTEx and TCGA databases.ResultsWe found that the rs747828 C allele of TP73 was significantly associated with reduced PFS (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.27‐2.12, P = 2.00 × 10−4) in the additive model. In the stratified analysis, the rs747828 C allele was significantly associated with both reduced PFS (P = 1.40 × 10−3) and DCR (P = 1.82 × 10−2) in oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. The secondary structure of TP73 was altered in response to different rs747828 genotypes. Although the rs747828 C allele was not associated with messenger RNA (mRNA) TP73 expression, it was significantly associated with increased mRNA TP73‐AS1 expression levels in sigmoid tissues. TP73 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (P = 2.36 × 10−19).ConclusionOur findings indicate that functional genetic variants of TP73 mediate the response to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
Sequential cetuximab/bevacizumab therapy is associated with improved outcomes in patients with wild‐type KRAS exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Hsu Hung‐Chih , Liu Yu‐Chun , Wang Chuang‐Wei , Chou Wen-Chi , Hsu Yu-Jen , Chiang Jy-Ming , Lin Yung-Chang , Yang Tsai-Sheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeCombination of biological therapy and chemotherapy improves the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the optimal biological therapy sequence remains unclear. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients with mCRC treated with different sequences of biological therapies as first‐ and third‐line therapy.MethodsWe only included patients with wild‐type KRAS exon 2 mCRC who had received cetuximab, bevacizumab, and standard chemotherapy. The patients were treated with cetuximab or bevacizumab as first‐ or third‐line therapy combined with a similar chemotherapy backbone.ResultsIn total, 102 patients were included. Forty‐six patients received first‐line cetuximab therapy followed by third‐line bevacizumab therapy (cetuximab → bevacizumab group) and 56 patients received first‐line bevacizumab therapy followed by third‐line cetuximab therapy (bevacizumab → cetuximab group). The cetuximab → bevacizumab group was associated with increased survival (OS) compared with the bevacizumab → cetuximab group (median OS: 30.4 months vs 25.7 months, hazard ratio (HR): 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36‐0.86). When calculated from the start of second‐ and third‐line therapies, OS was also higher in the cetuximab → bevacizumab group (second‐line: 20.6 months vs 14.8 months, HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34‐0.81; third‐line: 12.5 months vs 9.9 months, HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35‐0.83). The cetuximab → bevacizumab group was also associated with better progression‐free survival than the bevacizumab → cetuximab group (8.8 vs 4.5 months, HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25‐0.58) in the third‐line setting, but not in the first‐ or second‐line settings.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that first‐line cetuximab therapy followed by third‐line bevacizumab therapy was associated with favorable clinical outcomes as compared to the reverse sequence.
Transient N4‐Acyl‐DNA Protection against Cleavage by Restriction Endonucleases
Authors: Jakubovska Jevgenija , Tauraitė Daiva , Meškys Rolandas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA set of five N4‐acyl‐modified 2′‐deoxycytidine 5′‐triphosphates were incorporated into modified DNA by using phi29 DNA polymerase, and cleavage by selected restriction endonucleases was studied. Modified DNA containing N4‐acyl functional groups in either one or both strands of a DNA molecule was resistant to the majority of restriction enzymes tested, whereas modifications outside of the recognition sequences were well tolerated. The N4‐acylated cytidine derivatives were subjected to competitive nucleotide incorporation by using phi29 DNA polymerase, showing that a high‐fidelity phi29 DNA polymerase efficiently used the modified analogues in the presence of its natural counterpart. These N4 modifications were also demonstrated to be easily removed in an aqueous ethanolamine solution, in which all steps, including primer extension, demodification, and cleavage by restriction endonuclease, could be performed in a one‐pot procedure that eliminated additional purification stages. It is suggested that N4‐modified nucleotides are promising building blocks for a programmable; transient; and, most importantly, straightforward DNA protection against specific endonucleases.
Right lateral geniculate nucleus infarct presenting as a left monocular temporal hemianopia
Authors: Liu Antonio , Sanguino Luis 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA lesion to the right lateral geniculate nucleus should cause a complete left monocular hemianopia. We present a case of a patient with left eye monocular temporal hemianopia with two MRIs demonstrating an ischemic defect at the right lateral geniculate body as the likely culprit. Patient improved after 4 days.
Role of Ligand in the Selective Production of Hydrogen from Formic Acid Catalysed by the Mononuclear Cationic Zinc Complexes [(L)Zn(H)]+ (L=tpy, phen, and bpy)
Authors: Piacentino Elettra L. , Parker Kevin , Gilbert Thomas M. , O'Hair Richard A. J. , Ryzhov Victor 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA series of zinc‐based catalysts was evaluated for their efficiency in decomposing formic acid into molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the gas phase using quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry experiments. The effectiveness of the catalysts in the series [(L)Zn(H)]+, where L=2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (tpy), 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2′‐bipyrydine (bpy), was found to depend on the ligand used, which turned out to be fundamental in tuning the catalytic properties of the zinc complex. Specifically, [(tpy)Zn(H)]+ displayed the fastest reaction with formic acid proceeding by dehydrogenation to produce the zinc formate complex [(tpy)Zn(O2CH)]+ and H2. The catalysts [(L)Zn(H)]+ are reformed by decarboxylating the zinc formate complexes [(L)Zn(O2CH)]+ by collision‐induced dissociation, which is the only reaction channel for each of the ligands used. The decarboxylation reaction was found to be reversible, since the zinc hydride complexes [(L)Zn(H)]+ react with carbon dioxide yielding the zinc formate complex. This reaction was again substantially faster for L=tpy than L=phen or bpy. The energetics and mechanisms of these processes were modelled using several levels of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Experimental results are fully supported by the computational predictions.
Hydrogen‐Bond Structure and Dynamics of TADDOL Asymmetric Organocatalysts Correlate with Catalytic Activity
Authors: Cha Seoncheol , Marekha Bogdan , Wagner Manfred , Hunger Johannes 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe catalytic efficiency of diol‐based organocatalysts has been shown to strongly depend on the diols molecular structure including hydrogen‐bonding, yet, the underlying molecular‐level origins have remained elusive. Herein a study on the inter‐ and intramolecular hydrogen‐bonding of two isomeric diol‐based catalysts (TADDOLs) in solution is presented: 1‐Naphthyl substituted TADDOL (1nTADDOL), which exhibits high catalytic efficiency, and 2‐naphthyl substituted TADDOL (2nTADDOL), which is a poor catalyst. Using nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy, comparable hydrogen‐bond strengths for both TADDOLs in solution were found, however, significantly slower bonding dynamics for 1nTADDOL. In aromatic solvents, 1nTADDOL forms less, but longer‐lived, intermolecular OH⋅⋅⋅π bonds to solvent molecules, as compared to 2nTADDOL. Thus, rather than previously suggested differences in intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding strengths, the results suggest that the hydrogen‐bonding kinetics and entropies differ for both TADDOLs, which also explains their vastly different catalytic activities.
Oxygen‐Bridged Ga2(Et)3(OTeF5)3 and the Weakly Coordinating Anions [Ga(Et)(OTeF5)3]− and [Ga(OTeF5)4]−
Authors: Wiesner Anja , Fischer Lukas , Steinhauer Simon , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSalts of the weakly coordinating anions [Ga(OTeF5)4]− as well as [Ga(Et)(OTeF5)3]− and the neutral Ga2(Et)3(OTeF5)3 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Ga2(Et)3(OTeF5)3 was formed by treating GaEt3 with pentafluoroorthotelluric acid (HOTeF5) and reacted with PPh4Cl and CPh3Cl to [PPh4][Ga(Et)(OTeF5)3] and [CPh3][Ga(Et)(OTeF5)3]. In contrast, Ag[Ga(OTeF5)4] was prepared from AgOTeF5 and GaCl3 and was used as a versatile starting material for further reactions. Starting with Ag[Ga(OTeF5)4] the substrates [PPh4][Ga(OTeF5)4] and [CPh3][Ga(OTeF5)4] were formed from PPh4Cl and CPh3Cl.
Impacts of spectral variations in multiwavelength excitation method on measurements of fluorescently whitened papers
Authors: Imura Kenji 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe multiwavelength excitation (MWE) method for measuring the colorimetric properties of fluorescent whitening agent (FWA)‐treated specimens illuminated by a standard daylight illuminant computationally approximates not the spectral power distribution (SPD) of the illuminant but the luminescent SPD excited thereby by a weighted sum of the luminescent SPDs excited by a few different narrow‐band illuminations. The weights are optimized for the actual SPDs of those illuminations and the bispectral luminescent radiance factors of typical FWA‐treated paper specimens. Since the latter is invariant among instruments once provided as the common numerical data, the variations of the narrow‐band SPDs give major impacts to the reproducibility of this method. The weights optimized for the varied SPDs, however, mitigate the impacts. For investigating how they impact, one basic illumination system and its 16 simple variation systems were built virtually. The basic system consists of three narrow‐band LEDs and one blue‐excited white LED, whereas the individual simple variation system has either the peak wavelength or spectral width of one of the four LEDs (including the blue LED in the white LED) varied. With those systems, seven FWA‐treated papers with the known bispectral radiance factors were measured computationally by simulating the procedure of the MWE method. The differences in the colorimetric values measured with the simple variation systems from those with the basic system are far below the just noticeable difference, which indicates that the MWE method can be a practical solution for better reproducibility in measuring FWA‐treated papers.
Quantification of Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Time‐Lapse Recordings
Authors: Schneider René , Sampathkumar Arun , Persson Staffan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe cytoskeleton is key to many essential processes in a plant cell, e.g., growth, division, and defense. Contrary to what “skeleton” implies, the cytoskeleton is highly dynamic, and is able to re‐organize itself continuously. The advent of live‐cell microscopy and the development of genetically encoded fluorophores enabled detailed observation of the organization and dynamics of the cytoskeleton. Despite the biological importance of the cytoskeletal dynamics, quantitative analyses remain laborious endeavors that only a handful of research teams regularly conduct. With this protocol, we provide a standardized step‐by‐step guide to analyze the dynamics of microtubules. We provide example data and code for post‐processing in Fiji that enables researchers to modify and adapt the routine to their needs. More such tools are needed to quantitatively assess the cytoskeleton and thus to better understand cell biology. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nivolumab Clearance Is Stationary in Patients With Resected Melanoma on Adjuvant Therapy: Implications of Disease Status on Time‐Varying Clearance
Authors: Hamuro Lora , Statkevich Paul , Bello Akintunde , Roy Amit , Bajaj Gaurav 
Published: May 2019

Nivolumab clearance (CL) in patients with advanced melanoma (MEL) decreases over the treatment duration, with change in CL associated with improved disease status, measured by reduced tumor burden. Here, we characterize the pharmacokinetics of nivolumab administered as adjuvant therapy for patients with MEL (AdjMEL) whose tumors were removed by surgical resection. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using data from 1,773 patients with AdjMEL, MEL, non‐small cell lung cancer, and other solid tumors who received nivolumab over a dose range of 0.1–20 mg/kg every 2 weeks. In patients with AdjMEL, the geometric mean nivolumab CL of 6.0 mL/hour was 40% lower at baseline and did not vary with time and 20% lower at steady state compared with patients with MEL. Lower nivolumab CL in patients with AdjMEL and absence of time dependence support the hypothesis that changes in nivolumab CL in the metastatic setting are associated with disease status after treatment.