bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal guaranteed cost control for discrete‐time LPV systems with bounded rates of variation
Authors: Pereira Renan L. , Kienitz Karl H. , Leandro Marco A. C. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIn this paper, an optimal guaranteed cost control strategy to stabilize discrete‐time linear parameter‐varying systems with bounded rates of variation is presented. Sufficient conditions for the synthesis of fixed gain and gain‐scheduled guaranteed cost controllers are given in terms of two sets of linear matrix inequalities. The main advantage of the proposed conditions is to rely on the use of homogeneous polynomial parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions of arbitrary degree that allow to assess the stability of the closed‐loop system under the prescribed bound on the rate of parameter variations. In order to make the approach feasible, linear matrix inequality relaxations based on Pólya's theorem are addressed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed design methods is illustrated through numerical examples.
An assessment of the general public's knowledge of fatal fetal anomalies
Authors: Power Stacey , Meaney Sarah , O'Donoghue Keelin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate the general population's knowledge of fatal fetal anomaly (FFA).MethodsDescriptive statistics were utilised to describe the data. Chi‐square tests assessed associations with knowledge of FFA, termination of pregnancy (TOP) for FFA, and perinatal palliative care (PPC).ResultsNine hundred seventy adults of the Irish population selected by random digit dialling with 83.9% (n = 814) agreed to partake. Only 30% could correctly define FFA with little knowledge demonstrated regarding the classification of FFA. Almost half of the respondents were unaware that medical intervention was required for survival once born. Half of respondents stated that they did not know if PPC could commence at diagnosis, once the baby reached 24 weeks or not until the baby was born alive. One in 5 had knowledge that medical follow‐up after TOP for FFA was available, and a third were unaware that bereavement care was available following a TOP for FFA.ConclusionThis study identifies lack of accurate knowledge on FFA, its classification, diagnosis, survival, and supports available following a diagnosis of FFA among the general public. This knowledge deficit highlights the need for improved health information about FFA in antenatal education and public health campaigns to facilitate informed decision‐making following a FFA diagnosis.
Role of Intrinsic Disorder in Animal Desiccation Tolerance
Authors: Janis Brett , Belott Clinton , Menze Michael A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis review compares the molecular strategies employed by anhydrobiotic invertebrates to survive extreme water stress. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) play a central role in desiccation tolerance in all species investigated. Various hypotheses about the functions of anhydrobiosis‐related intrinsically disordered (ARID) proteins, including late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) and tardigrade‐specific intrinsically disordered proteins, are evaluated by broad sequence characterization. A surprisingly wide range in sequence characteristics, including hydropathy and the frequency and distribution of charges, is discovered. Interestingly, two clusters of similar proteins are found that potentially correlate with distinct functions. This may indicate two broad groups of ARID proteins, composed of one group that folds into functional conformations during desiccation and a second group that potentially displays functions in the hydrated state. A broad range of physiochemical properties suggest that folding may be induced by factors such as hydration level, molecular crowding, and interactions with binding partners. This plasticity may be required to fine‐tune the ARID‐proteome response at different hydration levels during desiccation. Furthermore, the sequence properties of some LEA proteins share qualities with IDPs known to undergo liquid–liquid phase separations during environmental challenges.
Exact and asymptotic tests under the sequential parallel comparison design
Authors: Lui Kung‐Jong 
Published: August 2018

When one studies treatments for psychological or mental diseases in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial with a high placebo response rate, the sequential parallel comparison design (SPCD) has been proposed elsewhere to improve power. All procedures for testing equality of treatments under the SPCD have been so far derived from large sample theory. If the trial size is small, asymptotic test procedures can be theoretically invalid. Thus, the development of an exact test procedure assuring type I error rate to be less than or equal to the nominal α‐level is of use and interest. Using the conditional arguments to remove nuisance parameters, we derive two exact and one asymptotic procedures for testing equality of treatments for the SPCD. On the basis of Monte Carlo simulation, we find that all three test procedures can control type I error rate well in a variety of situations. We use the data taken from a double‐blind placebo‐controlled SPCD trial to assess the efficacy of a low dose (2 mg/day) of aripiprazole adjunctive to antidepressant therapy in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder with a history of inadequate response to prior antidepressant therapy to illustrate the use of these test procedures.
Adaptive estimation and output feedback FTC for nonlinear systems with unknown nonlinearities and faults
Authors: Huang Sheng‐Juan , Zhang Da‐Qing , Guo Liang‐Dong , Wu Li‐Bing 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe adaptive estimation mechanism and output feedback fault‐tolerant control (FTC) design is concerned for nonlinear systems with faults, where the unknown nonlinearities are not required to satisfy the Lipschitz condition. An intermediate variable–based adaptive output feedback FTC with an adaptive parameter estimator and an adaptive state tracker is designed. The designed controller can be updated online to compensate the effect of nonlinearities and process faults on systems so that the states of the closed‐loop transformed system are uniformly bounded. The control output is able to be adjusted online by the designed event‐triggering mechanism to maintain fluctuating within a prescribed small range. Numerical examples exhibit the simulation results under the proposed FTC.
Trade‐offs between sustainable tourism development goals: An analysis of Tibet (China)
Authors: Zhang Jiekuan , Zhang Yan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn the field of tourism development, decision‐makers are often confronted with multiple goals regarding the tourism economy, environment and society. Taking Tibet (China) as a case study, the current paper proposes an innovative methodology for quantifying the trade‐off between various tourism development goals, drawing on the Delphi method and goal programing. Our results indicate that Tibet's sustainable tourism development goals mainly consist of 10 subgoals and depend on nine decision‐making variables. Depending on whether the greatest priority is given to economic, social or environmental goals, the practical implications are markedly different. We further examine changes in the subgoals and decision variables under each priority scenario. Our results allow us to recognize the key objectives involved in sustainable tourism development. This study also provides a good research framework for weighing up the priority that should be assigned to different development goals and making relevant decisions.
South–south labour migration and sustainable development: Implications for Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Pholphirul Piriya 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEven though the majority of labour migration appears to be inter‐regional and takes place between developed and developing countries (north–south migration), labour migration today is, however, becoming more intra‐regional, and occurs more among developing countries (south–south migration). The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) presents a perfect case study to help explain the increasing trend of south–south labour migration. This article aims to explain the relationship between south–south labour migrants in ASEAN and the links to the United Nations's Sustainable Development Goals. Results show that migration can have a big impact, both positively and negatively, on each sustainable development goal in the region. As a result, certain policy recommendations for labour migration management for both migrant‐sending countries and migrant‐receiving countries are needed to ensure that the region can achieve its sustainable development goals from this dynamic intra‐regional movement of labour.
ISO 31000‐based integrated risk management process assessment model for IT organizations
Authors: Barafort Béatrix , Mesquida Antoni‐Lluís , Mas Antònia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGovernance, Risk management, and Compliance activities are key challenges faced by organizations. Process Models and Capability Process Assessments are governance instruments that can help organization in assessing and improving their processes. Several ISO standards propose process models for Management System Standards based on ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 20000‐1, and ISO/IEC 27001, and for project management with ISO 21500. The ISO 31000 standard provides guidance for Risk management with a process approach and systemic perspective. This paper presents an ISO 31000‐based Integrated Risk Management Process Assessment Model (PAM) for IT organizations enabling to integrate on an easy way several ISO process‐oriented standards which are often targeted by IT organizations. This PAM integrates risk management dimensions with ISO 9001, ISO 21500, ISO/IEC 20000‐1, and ISO/IEC 27001. It offers a centralized and integrated risk management approach which provides the basis to improve, coordinate, and interoperate risk management activities.
Hierarchical Cobalt Phosphide Hollow Nanocages toward Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis under Ambient Pressure and Room Temperature
Authors: Guo Wenhan , Liang Zibin , Zhao Junliang , Zhu Bingjun , Cai Kunting , Zou Ruqiang , Xu Qiang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) under room temperature and ambient pressure is a promising energy‐ and environmental‐friendly method for ammonia synthesis, which currently highly relies on the energy‐consuming Haber‐Bosch process with enormous CO2 emissions. This study reports the synthesis of a noble‐metal‐free CoP hollow nanocage (CoP HNC) catalyst from a metal‐organic framework precursor through a layered‐double‐hydroxide intermediate, and the use as the cathode for electrochemical NRR. The 3D hierarchical nanoparticle–nanosheet–nanocage structure provides rich surface active sites for nitrogen adsorption and reduction. When applied for NRR, CoP HNC exhibits exciting performance with high Faraday efficiency at low overpotentials (7.36% at 0 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode [RHE]), and the ammonia yield rate increases exponentially at more negative potential, reaching 10.78 µg h−1 at −0.4 V (vs RHE) with good selectivity (no hydrazine produced) under ambient conditions. This noble‐metal‐free electrocatalyst with promising performance demonstrates the unique potential of transition metal and their compounds in the field of NRR, providing new perspectives to rational catalyst design and mechanism study.
Property–Activity Relations for Methane Activation by Dual‐Metal Cu–Oxo Trimers in ZSM‐5 Zeolite
Authors: Liu Chong , Li Guanna , Pidko Evgeny A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe identification of correlations between the experimentally or computationally measurable parameters of a catalytic system and its reactivity is one of the key steps toward the realization of a catalysis by design strategy. Here, periodic density functional theory calculations to establish such correlations for perspective catalysts for selective methane oxidation based on dual‐metal cation‐exchanged zeolites are employed. A representative trimeric metal–oxo active site is considered as a model reactive center. Computations reveal that the activation barrier for the homolytic CH bond cleavage in methane correlates well with the thermodynamic stability of the resulting CH3·⋯HO intermediate. The stability of the HO part approximated by the hydrogen affinity of the active site correlates with the activity trend, but deviations are observed due to inability of this descriptor to account for the stabilization of the CH3∙ moiety. Such fundamental characteristics as the atomic spin density and the basicity of reactive oxygen sites cannot be directly correlated with the catalyst reactivity, implying the complexity in property–reactivity relationship for methane activation. Calculations suggest that the initial screening of the potent zeolite‐based catalyst for methane activation can be established based on the analysis of both the thermodynamics and perturbation of base molecular adsorption probes such as pyrrole.
An agent‐based model for improved system of systems decision making in air transportation
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Ehsan , Grenn Michael W. , Roberts Blake 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTeam collaboration and decision making have a significant role in the overall performance of complex system of systems (SoS). Improved systems engineering (SE) processes and tools are needed during the systems development lifecycle to make decisions and rapidly evaluate and assess multiple design alternatives to effectively select architectural design strategies that result in the highest mission performance. Therefore, the early and consistent evaluation of these strategies and collaborative team decisions are essential. The degree of utility of alternative decision strategy designs may vary given the condition, but conditions are not always considered when these decisions are being made. This article applies the SE principles of design for change and flexibility in an agent‐based model for simulation of design alternatives for systems analysis and decision making in evaluating and selecting the decision(s) for SoS comprised of collaborative teams that result in higher mission performance. The authors apply the proposed agent‐based model to test the flight delay within the SoS structure of the air transportation domain. The flight delays are due to the management strategies initiated by the air traffic facilities to balance the air demand and capacity when conditions are not normal (such as severe weather). The experimental results suggest that: (1) the current strategies may result in unnecessary delays and underdelivery of flights to the airport during the hours where demand is well below capacity; (2) aggressive strategies may have the reverse effect; and (3) longer‐duration strategies have a more significant impact on delays during severe weather conditions.
Model verification for system design of complex mechatronic products
Authors: Chen Ruirui , Liu Yusheng , Zhao Jianjun , Ye Xiaoping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIncreasing complexity of mechatronic products leads to more challenging designs. As the most important stage, system design determines the overall product architecture. Defects in this stage are difficult to rectify in future stages, thus requiring greater model accuracy. With the development of model‐based systems engineering (MBSE), model verification can detect design defects, reduce development costs, improve development efficiency, and ensure system reliability. Currently, conventional verifications are performed only after design processes, which makes it difficult to make systematic modifications. To solve this problem, a model verification method implemented in the design stage is proposed in this study. Using this method, designers are able to detect defects earlier, thereby reducing modification costs. The proposed method is as follows: first, a language named Relation‐based Modeling for Static Properties (RMSP) is proposed to formalize the static properties of requirements; second, the representation of “Conceptual Graphs” is extended to meet the needs of model verification of mechatronic products; finally, requirements in RMSP and system design in Systems Modeling Language (SysML) are transformed into the Extension of Conceptual Graphs. In this manner, the incorrectness and inconsistencies between requirements and system design can be found through projection in the system design stage. The omitted or improperly designed requirement items would be found and redesigned to fulfill the product requirements.
Identifying novel genetic determinants for oxidative stress tolerance in Candida glabrata via adaptive laboratory evolution
Authors: Huang Mian , Kao Katy C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCandida glabrata (C glabrata) is an important yeast of industrial and medical significance. Resistance to oxidative stress is an important trait affecting its robustness as a production host or virulence as a pathogenic agent, but current understanding of resistance mechanisms is still limited in this fungus. In this study, we rapidly evolved C glabrata population to adapt to oxidative challenge (from 80mM to 350mM of H2O2) through short‐term adaptive laboratory evolution. Adaptive mutants were isolated from evolved populations and subjected to phenotypic and omics analyses to identify potential mechanisms of tolerance to H2O2. Phenotypic characterizations revealed faster detoxification of H2O2 and ability to initiate growth at a higher concentration of the oxidant in the isolated adaptive mutants compared with the wild type. Genome resequencing and genome‐wide transcriptome analysis revealed multiple genetic determinants (eg, CAGL0E01243g, CAGL0F06831g, and CAGL0C00385g) that potentially contribute to enhanced H2O2 resistance. Subsequent experimental verification confirmed that CgCth2 (CAGL0E01243g) and CgMga2 (CAGL0F06831g) are important in C glabrata tolerance to oxidative stress. Transcriptome profiling of adaptive mutants and bioinformatic analysis suggest that NADPH regeneration, modulation of membrane composition, cell wall remodeling, and/or global regulatory changes are involved in C glabrata tolerance to H2O2.
Re(ϵ′
K/ϵK) and $$ K\to \pi \nu \overline{\nu} $$ in a two-Higgs doublet model
Authors: Chen Chuan-Hung , Nomura Takaaki 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

The Kaon direct CP violation Re(ϵ

K

′
/ϵ
K
) below the experimental data of a 2σ in the standard model, which is calculated using the RBC-UKQCD lattice and a large N

c
dual QCD, indicates the necessity of a new physics effect. In order to resolve the insufficient Re(ϵ

K

′
/ϵ
K
), we study the charged-Higgs contributions in a generic two-Higgs-doublet model. If we assume that the origin of the CP-violation phase is uniquely from the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) phase when the constraints from the B- and K-meson mixings, B → X

s

γ, and Kaon indirect CP violating parameter ϵ
K
are simultaneously taken into account, it is found that the Kaon direct CP violation through the charged-Higgs effects can reach Re(ϵ

K

′
/ϵ
K
)
H
± ∼ 8 × 10− 4. Moreover, with the constrained values of the parameters, the branching ratios of the rare

$$ K\to \pi \nu \overline{\nu} $$

K
→
π
ν

ν
¯

decays can be

$$ BR\left({K}^{+}\to\ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right)\sim 13 \times 1{0}^{-11} $$

B
R

K
+

→

π
+

ν

ν
¯

∼
13

×

1

0

−
11

and

$$ BR\left({K}_L\to {\pi}^0\nu \overline{\nu}\right)\sim 3.6\times 1{0}^{-11} $$

B
R

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν
¯

∼
3.6
×
1

0

−
11

, where the results can be tested through the NA62 experiment at CERN and the KOTO experiment at J-PARC, respectively.
Life and the Space of Reasons: On Hegel’s Subjective Logic
Authors: Ng Karen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper defends Hegel’s positive contribution in the Subjective Logic and argues that it can be understood as presenting a compelling account of the space of reasons as a form of second nature. Taking Hegel’s praise of Kant’s conception of internal purposiveness and its connection to what he calls the Idea as a point of departure, I argue that Hegel’s theory of the Idea that concludes theLogicmust be understood in direct reference to Kant’s argument in the thirdCritiquethat purposiveness defines the space of judgement’s power. I take up two arguments that help to understand Hegel’s appropriation and transformation of Kant’s purposiveness thesis: first, Hegel’s contention that internal purposiveness must have primacy over external purposiveness when considered in relation to judgement; and second, Hegel’s presentation of a logical concept of life as the immediate form of the Idea.
Testing for human impacts in the mismatch of living and dead ostracode assemblages at nested spatial scales in subtropical lakes from the Bahamian archipelago
Authors: Michelson Andrew V. , Kidwell Susan M. , Park Boush Lisa E. , Ash Jeanine L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNaturally time-averaged accumulations of skeletal remains—death assemblages—provide reliable, albeit temporally coarse, information on the species composition and structure of communities in diverse settings, and their mismatch with local living communities usually signals recent human-driven ecological change. Here, we present the first test of live–dead mismatch as an indicator of human stress using ostracodes. On three islands along a gradient of human population density in the Bahamas, we compared the similarity of living and death assemblages in 10 lakes with relatively low levels of human stress to live–dead similarity in 11 physically comparable lakes subject to industrial, agricultural, or other human activities currently or in the past. We find that live–dead agreement in pristine lakes is consistently excellent, boding well for using death assemblages in modern-day and paleolimnological biodiversity assessments. In most comparison of physically similar paired lakes, sample-level live–dead mismatch in both taxonomic composition and species’ rank abundance is on average significantly greater in the stressed lakes; live–dead agreement is not lower in all samples from stressed lakes, but is more variable. When samples are pooled for lake-level and island-level comparisons, stressed lakes still yield lower live–dead agreement, but the significance of the difference with pristine lakes decreases—species that occur dead-only (or alive-only) in one sample are likely to occur alive (or dead) in other samples. Interisland differences in live–dead agreement are congruent with, but not significantly correlated with, differences in human population density. This situation arises from heterogeneity in the timing and magnitudes of stresses and in the extent of poststress recovery. Live–dead mismatch in ostracode assemblages thus may be a reliable indicator of human impact at the sample level with the potential to be a widely applicable tool for identifying impacted habitats and, perhaps, monitoring the progress of their recovery.