bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Pollution of the Atmosphere of the City of Kabul with Fine Dust
Authors: Solovyova T V , Nasimi M H , Tertischnikov I V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents new results of many years of research conducted by the national agency of Afghanistan on ecology and environmental protection as well as studies by Russian authors on the assessment of atmospheric air pollution in Kabul. The paper presents data for the spring months (March, April, and May) of 2016. The analysis of information on the quality of atmospheric air in the city of Kabul examining its street-road network and the mining industry located near the city as a source of chemical pollution of the air was performed. A mathematical model of the dependence of the concentration of fine dust (PM10
) on three factors: wind speed, humidity, and temperature for each month has been obtained. For the maximum daily concentration (PM10
), a density function and an integrated distribution function are obtained. A comparative analysis of atmospheric air pollution in the spring months of 2015 and 2016 was performed. It was not possible to obtain a general mathematical model for all three months.
Multiple Regression Model for Determining and Predicting the Viscosity of Crude Oils Mixture
Authors: Baykova L R , Garris N A , Karimova G I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents development stages of a reliable multiple regression model for determining and predicting the oils mixture viscosity as a multifactor parameter. On the data of the laboratory experiment, a correlation and regression analysis was performed to select significant factors in the model. A fractional factorial experiment was carried out. A matrix of regression coefficients and a multiple linear regression equation were obtained. Estimation of the model significance has shown that the equation obtained describes empirical data with a high degree of reliability. The conducted studies showed that the known dependencies adequately describe the viscosity of crude oils mixture only when the content of a high-sulfur component is less than 10% or more than 90%. On a wider range of concentrations (20-80%), the viscosity of the mixture becomes a multifactor parameter and is more accurately described by the regression equation. The obtained dependence has a wide field of application in the practice of operating pipelines transporting compounded oil.
Evaluating the Radiation Status of the Environment on the Underground Nuclear Explosion Site Code-Named Tavda
Authors: Skipin L N , Burlaenko V Z 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper analyzes the radiation status of environmental components on the underground nuclear explosion site codenamed Tavda, which is located in the Nizhnetavdinsky District of Tyumen Oblast. This underground nuclear explosion occurred in 1967 and was part of the Program #7 Nuclear Explosions for the National Economy; it is currently one of the sources of radiation pollution in its environment. The authors hereof present the analysis of technogenic radionuclide contamination of soils in the explosion epicenter as well as within 500 meters thereof, which analysis takes into account the horizontal and vertical migration of radionuclides, and the contamination of grassy vegetation with strontium-90 and caesium-137 (measurements were taken at 100 m intervals).
We have found out that the radiation burden is essentially a function of strontium-90 content in the soil. Maximum density of strontium-90 and caesium-137 contamination is observed in deeper soil layers. Technogenic radionuclide contamination is present in naturally growing grass on the Tavda site due to a high concentration of strontium-90 with a mean specific radionuclide activity of 288.33 Bq/kg, while the maximum permissible concentration of this element in natural hay is 180 Bq/kg. The concentration of caesium-137 in collected samples was not found to be in excess of the permissible concentrations.
Analysis of Mine Ventilation Network by 1D FEM: Simulation of Fans and Natural Draught
Authors: Dudar O I , Dudar E S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The version of simulating fans in mine ventilation network analysis by using the combination of FEM with the laminar solution method is considered. Two ways of fan insertion are discussed: in the form of a separate active element and in the form of combined element (an active element inserted into a passive element). The latter approach allows changing a position of the fan in a design stage without renumbering of a grid. The method of chords is used to linearize in general nonlinear fan characteristic. It is shown that the dependence of air discharge on the upstream-downstream pressure difference is an ascending curve for the fan. This provides a convergence for the iterative procedure of solving the FEM nonlinear equations system. A method of calculation of convective heat transfer between the air flow and the rock wall based on Lyon’s solution for a pipe with the constant density of boundary heat flow is described. As the density of heat flow and the air properties are slowly varying functions along a mine working (a branch of a network), then discretizing each branch into small segments permits to consider these parameters as constant along segments. Calculation of nonhomogeneous temperature field and treatment of gravity allow modelling the natural draught effect. The results of solution of the test problems validating used algorithms are given. Calculation results of flow mass rate in a mine network within the year are also represented which make it possible to estimate the influence of natural draught on venting capability.
An Experimental Investigation of Electrical and Thermal Performance of Battery Pack for Zero Emission Vehicle
Authors: Sidorov K M , Grishchenko A G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A motor transport is a leading cause of the negative ecological situation and the excessive use of non-renewable resources. Increasing the volume of emissions from the operation of internal combustion engines and increasing consumption of hydrocarbon fuel are factors that stimulate the development of electric vehicles which are environmentally friendly and energy efficient. However, today electric vehicles are difficult to counter conventional cars in terms of cost and performance, determined mainly by characteristics and operating modes of traction battery packs. This article considers some topical issues related to the practical implementation of traction battery packs based on lithium-ion cells. The electric and thermal characteristics of the battery pack are considered by the authors in conditions of a discharge mode simulation. This is believed to be a the technical solution for the implementation of a modular battery pack, The present experimental investigations give qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the heat release of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) cells and demonstrate the efficiency of the realized passive air cooling. This article partly fills the gap existing with regard to real (experimental) data on temperature conditions and heat release of NMC-cells in battery packs of electric vehicles.
Cloud Service for Sonar Signal Processing
Authors: Kovalenko E O , Sushchenko A A 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNowadays, a lot of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV) are created in the Institute of Marine Technology Problem FEB RAS. Most of all include side-scan sonar (SSS) EdgeTechSonar with 32-bit resolution. Robots solve different problems. There are bottom map construction, monitoring of underwater channels, tubes, mineral exploration. Signal processing requires complex numerical resources. Unfortunately, AUV doesn’t solve these problems on the board independently. Real signal requires additional processing. Hence, sonar data is processed in the laboratory. Currently researchers have large databases of AUV. Data processing in the laboratory is inconvenient. If engineer adds additional processing algorithm he changes all local software. In this paper authors use cloud approach for solving this problem. The data from SSS EdgeTechSonar upload directly to the cloud service. Afterwards, user chooses any filter for sonar image processing. The cloud service includes a database of sonar images with its geolocation. Moreover, user uses different filters for image processing. Filters in cloud service are executed with parallel technology for fastest processing. There are 512 parallel processors with mpi-technology and several GPU-processors. Choice of technology depends on filter properties. Authors research some filters for sonar image processing and design special parallel algorithms for each of them.
Danger of Fragmentation Failures of Composite Gas Fuel Cylinders with Micro- and Macrodamages of Inner Metal Shell
Authors: Yakovleva S P , Makharova S N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Gas fuel cylinders (GFCs) for motor vehicles are a source of man-made danger with such damaging factors as thermal radiation, open flame, as well as shock air waves and fragments in a case of an explosive nature of depressurization. To increase reliability of GFC, it is urgent to study causes of their fracture under various conditions of operation, in particular in a cryolithozone. A purpose of this paper is analysis the fragmentation of GFC to identify factors affecting safety of operation of gas cylinder vehicles in the sharply continental climate conditions. A character and causes of premature destruction of two metal-composite cylinders for compressed natural gas, occurred in winter and summer time, were investigated. It is found that the destruction was induced by defects of an inner steel shell of the cylinders (mechanical damage, presence of a decarburized layer, and hydrogen degradation), which caused initial cracks formation according to a fatigue mechanism. The main natural and climatic factor that stimulated reaching a state of overload in GFC with the defects of the inner shell was environment temperature fluctuations. Results of the paper can be used to improve operational capability of GFC, to ensure the safety of their operation and development of compensatory measures.
Substantiation of Choice of Method of Manufacturing and Delivery of Emulsion Explosives in Modern Conditions of Functioning of Mining Enterprises
Authors: Domozhirov D V , Pytalev I A , Nosov I I , Nosov V I , Gaponova I V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper shows the mineral deposits of the southern Urals, which do open-pit mining with the use of emulsion explosives (EE). The classification of EE type “water in oil” is developed depending on the main components of the emulsion matrix at the final stage of its production. Possible variants of mobile technological complexes and their adaptation in the conditions of the market and modern conditions of functioning of the mining enterprises are presented. Technological chain is presented from point of fabrication emulsion on base mobile technological complexes to the loading downhole charges with emulsion explosives. The ways to improve the competitiveness by an example of famous mining enterprises with different production capacity, wich use emulsion explosives of the type “water in oil”, are shown and worked over. Adaptation models are developed to improve the efficiency of mining enterprises in the conditions of modern market relations by transferring the preparation process to outsourcing or partial outsourcing to companies with special mobile technological complexes. The scheme of relations between mining companies and outsourcing companies and the efficiency of the outsourcing project is shown on the example of the organization LLC “Ural Sibirit” (Magnitogorsk), which manufactures emulsion explosives “Sibirit-1000 and 1200” on base of mobile technological complex.
Environmental Problems of Solid Fuel Combustion in House Furnaces and Small Boilers and Ways their Solution
Authors: Maysyuk E P , Kozlov A N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This work is devoted to the determination of the volume and composition of emissions into the atmosphere during the combustion of solid fuels (coal, wood) in house furnaces and small boilers with capacity till 1 Gcal/h. The relevance of this work is stipulated by the fact that a large number of small boiler operate in Russia, especially in rural and decentralized areas of energy supply. In addition, each city has many private residencies heated by wood and coal-burning house furnaces. The large coal reserves, as well as its low cost, make it a priority fuel, especially in the eastern regions of the country. When coal and wood are burnt in small heat sources, the resulting emissions enter directly into the atmosphere surface layer, where human activity is carried out. Thus, using the example of Irkutsk Oblast, it has been demonstrated that the burning of high-ash Cheremkhovsky coal in house furnaces produces the estimated amount of emissions that is 4.4 times higher than that produced by small boilers. Such amount of emissions is due to the low efficiency of coal combustion. As a result, conducting environmental assessments of the impact of small boilers and house furnaces on the environment help formulate the main environmental problems and determine the range of issues that need to be solved.
Technogenic Fillers for Epoxy Composites Using Slag of Electric Furnace Steelmaking Production
Authors: Kiryushina N Yu , Semeykin A Yu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of slag of the Oskol Electrometallurgical Plant (JSC «OEMK») as fillers for epoxy composites. The research data indicate the possibility of using this technogenic product as a filler to increase physical and chemical resistance in the production of composites, which contributes to saving energy resources, waste utilization and improving the ecological situation in the Belgorod region.
Information System for Forecasting and Management of Occupational Risks
Authors: Klimova E V , Semeykin A Yu , Nosatova E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper shows that the main reason for the occurrence of accidents at work is the human factor. The human factor should be attributed to the possibility of human mistaken or illogical decisions in specific situations, as well as incorrect actions caused by changes in the psychological and / or physiological state of a person due to the influence of factors in the working environment and the labour process, the lack or inadequacy of information support. The task of forecasting and reducing injuries and professional risks can be solved by using modern information technologies for statistical data processing and event prediction. For forecasting and management of professional risks at BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov information system has been developed. System allows to make the right decisions in real conditions taking into account various factors and to reduce the level of occupational injuries and accidents at industrial enterprises. This system is also used in training of managers, specialists and students in the field of occupational safety. The paper presents the structure and algorithm for analysing and predicting incidents and accidents using an information system.
Assessment of Toxicity of Technical Detergents Using Complex of Bioassay Methods
Authors: Saksonov M N , Balayan A E , Stom D I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to compare the sensitivity of biotesting techniques based on the change in bioluminescence intensity of the “Ecolum” test system, the survival rate and the variation in the trophic activity of daphnia in determining the toxicity of waters containing “TOR-LOCOMOTIVE” and “Chemitek Polypro”. “Tor-locomotive” and “Chemitek Polypro” – highly effective technical means for removing complex contaminants of various nature, for washing the main diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. The trophic activity of the crustaceans was estimated by decreasing the fluorescence intensity of chlorophyll of algal cells. It was revealed that “TOR-LOCOMOTIVE” and “Chemitek Polypro” have an inhibitory effect on the ability of plankton filter-daphnia to extract algae from water during their filtration activity. A number of sensitivity of test-functions of biotests in relation to the detergents studied is constructed: trophic activity of crustaceans > survival of daphnia > bioluminescence “Ecolum”. The most sensitive method of biotesting is to change the trophic activity of daphnia, and the most rapid one is to quench the luminescence of the luminous bacteria. The danger of getting these detergents into the water bodies is associated with the violation of ecological processes essential for self-purification of water, including Lake Baikal.
Wide-Area Data Acquisition System with a Precise Time Synchronization
Authors: Popov M A , Kapitonov V P , Keyno M Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper describes a data acquisition system developed in the Far Eastern State Transport University for the state monitoring of the geographically distributed systems. Currently this type of tasks often arises in the various sectors of industry and on the railroads. Using the modern hardware and software platform the prototype of the distributed monitoring system was designed. Various technologies were combined in one solution: sensor networks, microprocessors, data transmitters, wide-area networks, data warehouses, algorithms for data processing and visualization. When data arrive from remote nodes and most of the data contains the fast changing signal arrays, the efficiency of signal processing highly depends on the data synchronization. The main feature of the described system is full automation of the measurements with precision time stamps. It is based on light microprocessor platform operated by Python scripts. The distributed database allows building the united database nodes, which are located on the remote regional servers. The Python-based frameworks were used in order to operate the data in the mid-level and for client interface. The advanced math can be used for the data processing thanks to the precise data synchronization. The proposed approach seems to be very promising for the design of the monitoring systems for the power grids and for the railway infrastructure and rolling stock.
Transport Routes as a Factor in the Transformation of Flora (for the Example of the Khabarovsk Territory)
Authors: Babkina S V , Safonova E V , Mutin V A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the article the peculiarities of the flora of transport lines (road and railways) of Khabarovsk Territory and their influence on flora of adjoining communities are considered. The authors analyzed the peculiarities of flora formation on various structural elements of roads such as roadway; embankments and slopes; negative elements of relief (side drain and drainage ditches); adjoining phytocenoses. The particularities of roadside flora of roads and railways are considered in comparison. The authors give examples of road participation in the distribution of native and alien species. Peculiarities of roadside flora formation are described in the article taking into account ecological characteristics of the region: climatic factors and zonal types of communities. The main trends in the distribution of alien species are indicated. The authors analyzed the existing approaches to assessing the potential danger of quarantine species and concluded their potential threat to the region.
Distribution Ti in Mineral Fractions of Ferromanganese Deposits From the N-W Pacific
Authors: Khanchuk A I , Mikhailik P E , Mikhailik E V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The research is presents results of titanium concentrations in mineral fractions of ferromanganese deposit deferent genesis formed in N-W Pacific active and stable tectonic settings. The obtained data are shown that the distribution of titanium in the mineral fractions of the FMD from the N-W Pacific is an additional criterion for their genetic classification. The potential ores of the Magellan seamounts Guyots contain 2.6 million tons of easily recovered titanium, which brings them closer to the reserves of titanomagnetite placers of the coastal strip of the marginal seas of the Far East of Russia Federation.
Methodological Bases of Creation and Development of a New Type of Natural and Technical Systems of Multipurpose Water Use in Urban Areas
Authors: Khetsuriani E D , Bondarenko V L , Polyansky N A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the development of the class of natural-technical systems (NTS) “Natural Environment-Object of Activity-Population” (“NE-OA-P”) on the use of water resources in the multifaceted types of economic and other activities, giving the results of theoretical studies of a specialized type “NTS” in where the component “PS” means the natural water environment (NWE) of a water body as a source of the multi-purpose water supply system (MWS) of the objects of urban households, settlements, enterprises of the fuel and energy complex (TPP, HES, NPP); Under the “OA” water intake technological complex (WITC) is considered, which includes various for the functional purpose of hydraulic structures (HS) and devices for ensuring the selection of estimated water flow (Qm3/s) with an environmentally safe level of protection of the water environment of the water body in the zones of influence of the WITC and the functional work of the treatment facilities in the composition of the MWS; under the component "P is considered MWS that provides water of normative quality to specific water consumers and water users. The methodological basis in creation of new type NTS “NWE - WITC -MWS” considers the system analysis and the approach which is based on concept of “System”. The methodology for creating and developing this type is based on 4 axiomatic conditions: (1) existence as a fundamental characteristic; (2) a multitude of structural formations; (3) unity, as the relationship between natural technogenic components; (4) sufficiency of the initial material for an assessment of an ecological condition of water environment «NWE - WITC -MWS".
The Organizational and Economic Mechanism for the Implementation of Technological Processes in the Field of Waste Management
Authors: Kirillova A N , Musinova N N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article discusses topical environmental problems that disrupt the natural balance of the environment and affect the quality of life, also highlights and structures the main problems in the management of domestic and industrial waste in the territory of most municipalities: deterioration of the sanitary condition of the territories, an increase in the number of unauthorized dumps, a low level of use of secondary resources and subsidized financing for enterprises engaged in the collection, transportation, processing and disposal of waste, inadequate study of technological and economic forecasts. The proposed organizational and economic mechanism of an effective waste management system, based on a cluster approach, includes: creating a platform for interaction and coherence among stakeholders in the implementation of non-waste production and consumption programs; stimulation of business entities to separate collection of municipal waste, engineering solutions for the construction of production facilities for processing. The authors propose the creation of a regional situational waste management center. At the inter-municipal level, it is required to establish an inter-municipal control center for video surveillance, which monitors the construction of facilities and the operation of waste recycling enterprises. An integral system in the sphere of waste management is the organization of environmental education and public control over the state of the natural environment and ensuring the quality of citizens’ residence.