bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NIK–IKK complex interaction controls NF-κB-dependent inflammatory activation of endothelium in response to LTβR ligation
Authors: Kucharzewska Paulina , Maracle Chrissta X. , Jeucken Kim C. M. , van Hamburg Jan Piet , Israelsson Elisabeth , Furber Mark , Tas Sander W. , Olsson Henric K. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK; also known as MAP3K14) is a central regulator of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in response to stimulation of TNF receptor superfamily members, such as the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR), and is implicated in pathological angiogenesis associated with chronic inflammation and cancer. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized role of the LTβR–NIK axis during inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells (ECs). Engagement of LTβR-triggered canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling promoted expression of inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules, and increased immune cell adhesion to ECs. Sustained LTβR-induced inflammatory activation of ECs was NIK dependent, but independent of p100, indicating that the non-canonical arm of NF-κB is not involved. Instead, prolonged activation of canonical NF-κB signaling, through the interaction of NIK with IκB kinase α and β (also known as CHUK and IKBKB, respectively), was required for the inflammatory response. Endothelial inflammatory activation induced by synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients was significantly reduced by NIK knockdown, suggesting that NIK-mediated alternative activation of canonical NF-κB signaling is a key driver of pathological inflammatory activation of ECs. Targeting NIK could thus provide a novel approach for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
NHX-type Na+(K+)/H+ antiporters are required for TGN/EE trafficking and endosomal ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Dragwidge Jonathan Michael , Scholl Stefan , Schumacher Karin , Gendall Anthony Richard 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The regulation of ion and pH homeostasis of endomembrane organelles is critical for functional protein trafficking, sorting and modification in eukaryotic cells. pH homeostasis is maintained through the activity of vacuolar H+-ATPases (V-ATPases) pumping protons (H+) into the endomembrane lumen, and counter-action by cation/proton exchangers, such as the NHX family of Na+(K+)/H+ exchangers. In plants, V-ATPase activity at the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) is important for secretory and endocytic trafficking; however, the role of the endosomal antiporters NHX5 and NHX6 in endomembrane trafficking is unclear. Here we show through genetic, pharmacological and live-cell imaging approaches that double knockout of NHX5 and NHX6 results in the impairment of endosome motility and protein recycling at the TGN/EE, but not in the secretion of integral membrane proteins. Furthermore, we report that nhx5 nhx6 mutants are partially insensitive to osmotic swelling of TGN/EE induced by the monovalent cation ionophore monensin, and to late endosomal swelling by the phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase inhibitor wortmannin, demonstrating that NHX5 and NHX6 function to regulate the luminal cation composition of endosomes.
DSS-induced damage to basement membranes is repaired by matrix replacement and crosslinking
Authors: Howard Angela M. , LaFever Kimberly S. , Fenix Aidan M. , Scurrah Cherie' R. , Lau Ken S. , Burnette Dylan T. , Bhave Gautam , Ferrell Nicholas , Page-McCaw Andrea 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Basement membranes are an ancient form of animal extracellular matrix. As important structural and functional components of tissues, basement membranes are subject to environmental damage and must be repaired while maintaining functions. Little is known about how basement membranes get repaired. This paucity stems from a lack of suitable in vivo models for analyzing such repair. Here, we show that dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) directly damages the gut basement membrane when fed to adult Drosophila. DSS becomes incorporated into the basement membrane, promoting its expansion while decreasing its stiffness, which causes morphological changes to the underlying muscles. Remarkably, two days after withdrawal of DSS, the basement membrane is repaired by all measures of analysis. We used this new damage model to determine that repair requires collagen crosslinking and replacement of damaged components. Genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that crosslinking is required to stabilize the newly incorporated repaired Collagen IV rather than to stabilize the damaged Collagen IV. These results suggest that basement membranes are surprisingly dynamic.
Application of genus Cassia in the treatment of Constipation: A systematic review
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Shahzad 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: Role of genus cassia in the treatment of Constipation Methods: Methodological analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of identified studies using RevMan Result and Discussion: Cassia fistula was partially effected in treating constipation however there is a need for improvement in the protocol of studies to reduce biases. These results were only limited to one species so it cannot be generalized among all species of Cassia. Conclusion: Cassia fistula is partially effective in reducing the pain and consistency of stool during constipation among children.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with marsupialization of the lacrimal sac.
Authors: Celis-Aguilar Erika , Castro-Urquizo Angel , Escobar-Aispuro Lucero , Alarid-Coronel José , Villanueva-Ramos Nadia , Hernández-Castillo Eugenia Nemiliztli , Solórzano-Barrón Vicente , Perdomo-Martinez Rómulo 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with marsupialization of the lacrimal sac compared with other techniques of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Material and methods: Clinical chart review. Patients with lacrimal sac pathologies and endoscopic DCR with or without marsupialization of the lacrimal sac were included from 2011 to 2015. The outcome measurements were absence of ocular symptoms and permeability of the lacrimal sac. Results: A total of 24 patients were evaluated, 17 women and 7 men, average age was 47 years. Seven patients underwent DCR with marsupialization, 17 patients underwent other endoscopic techniques. Average follow-up was 18 months. The efficacy (absence of symptoms and permeability of the lacrimal sac) of the DCR technique with marsupialization was 71%, without significant difference compared to other techniques (p = 0.686). Conclusion: Similar results were found in the different types of endoscopic DCR techniques. More studies are needed to corroborate our results.
Safety and efficacy of Azithromycin in prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmed Almegdad , Koko Abubaker , Abdelsalam Ahmed , Hilali Awab , Elsheikh Mohamed 
Published: March 2019

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes a major burden in terms of deaths and hospitalizations worldwide; it is associated with progressive lung function loss, and frequent exacerbations. Administration of macrolides has been considered beneficial in reducing the frequency of COPD exacerbations. The aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of long-term administration of Azithromycin for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: An extensive search was conducted on SCOPUS, and PubMed databases, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov clinical trial registers for randomized clinical trials conducted on COPD patients and administered Azithromycin for more than two weeks. The selected studies underwent assessment for the risk of bias. We conducted random-effect model meta-analysis for the frequency of acute exacerbations during follow-up as a primary outcome. Results: Out of 1021 screened records, 3 RCTs (Randomized controlled trials) involving 1264 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled data of all 3 trials showed that administration of Azithromycin reduced the frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD [risk ratio (RR) = 0.69; 95% CI 0.53, 0.91, p = 0.01]. Subgroup analysis indicated that 500 mg Azithromycin [risk ratio (RR) =0.65; 95% CI 0.53-0.79, p=0.01] was found to be more beneficial than 250 mg Azithromycin [risk ratio (RR) = 0.60; 95% CI 0.27-1.33, p=0.21] in reducing acute exacerbation rate, however due to many limitations the analysis of the dosage was not conclusive. Conclusion: Long-term Azithromycin administration for COPD patients is statistically not associated with increased risk of developing adverse events; in addition, it might be effective in reducing the frequency of acute exacerbations of COPD. However, dosage and duration of Azithromycin administration analysis was not conclusive and thus more RCTs are needed in these areas.
Increasing rates of surgical treatment for paediatric tibial shaft fractures: A national database study from between 2000 and 2012
Authors: Kleiner J E. , Raducha J E. , Cruz A. I. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose Tibia fractures are the third most common long bone fracture in children. Because of the remodelling potential of the tibial diaphysis, nonoperative treatment has historically been advocated for most tibial shaft fractures in children. The purpose of this study was to estimate the rate of surgical treatment of tibial shaft fractures over time and identify demographic factors associated with surgical treatment, utilizing a large, publicly available, national database. Methods The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids’ Inpatient Database was evaluated for the years between 2000 and 2012. Tibial shaft fractures and surgically treated patients were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine variables associated with a greater proportion of surgical treatment. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing SAS statistical software v.9.4. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results In all, 24 166 tibial shaft fracture admissions were identified, with 15 621 (64.7%) treated surgically. The percentage of patients receiving surgery to treat tibial shaft fractures increased from 57.3% in 2000 to 74.3% in 2012 (p < 0.001). Multivariable regression showed that increasing age was associated with increased rate of surgical treatment (p < 0.001). The greatest increase in surgical treatment was seen in children aged five to nine years, increasing from 23.0% in 2000 to 46.2% in 2012. Conclusion The rate of operative treatment of paediatric tibial shaft fractures increased over time. The largest increase was seen in children aged five to nine years. Increased proportion of surgical treatment was associated with older age, concurrent femur fracture and non-Medicaid insurance status. Level of Evidence Level III - Retrospective comparative study
Metáfora y estructura conceptual
Authors: Castaño Castaño Emilia , Hilferty Joseph 
Published: March 2019

La lingüística cognitiva siempre ha argumentado que la metáfora no pertenece exclusivamente al lenguaje, sino que es una competencia que se basa en la habilidad humana de concebir un dominio de experiencia en términos de otro. Entendida así, la metáfora no puede ser otra cosa que un fenómeno conceptual. No obstante, pocos adeptos de la lingüística cognitiva han concentrados sus esfuerzos en catalogar manifestaciones metafóricas en ámbitos no lingüísticos. En este trabajo, sugerimos que es factible encontrar pruebas de que la metáfora es un proceso conceptual y, como tal, se manifiesta en esferas que no son estrictamente lingüísticas. Para ello, aportamos un seguido de evidencias muy diversas, como por ejemplo su papel en el razonamiento lógico-matemático de los niños en la fase preoperacional del desarrollo cognitivo, la programación de interfaces para aplicaciones informáticas y los resultados de tres estudios empíricos realizados recientemente en el campo de la psicología cognitiva que analizan los efectos whorfianos en la conceptualización del tiempo y los efectos del espacio en la memoria emocional.
Avaluació online en grups grans: ACME a la Facultat d’Economia i Empresa de la UAB
Authors: Márquez Cebrián M. Dolores , Soriano Sáez Pilar 
Published: March 2019

El nombre d’estudiants matriculats als primers cursos a la Facultat d’Economia i Empresa de la UAB és molt elevat, això dificulta el seu seguiment de forma individualitzada i continua. En les assignatures de Matemàtiques i Estadística és essencial que els alumnes realitzin un gran nombre d’exercicis per tal de poder assolir tant la destresa en el tractament de la informació, com l’adquisició dels conceptes. Per aquest motiu i per les funcionalitats que ofereix, es va decidir utilitzar ACME com plataforma d’aprenentatge. L'ACME “Avaluació Continuada i Millora de l'Ensenyament” és una plataforma d’e-learning perfectament connectada amb Moodle i orientada a la correcció automàtica d'un gran ventall d'exercicis. En aquesta comunicació es presenten el procés i els resultats de la implantació d’ACME durant el curs 2014/15 en les assignatures de Matemàtiques I, d’una banda, i Estadística I i II d’altra banda. Els objectius que es perseguien en cada una de les assignatures han estat diferents, però en general es pot concloure que la plataforma és útil i està ben valorada pel professorat com a eina complementària en el procés d’avaluació.
583. El negocio de la conservación ambiental: cómo la naturaleza se ha convertido en una nueva estrategia de acumulación capitalista en la zona andino-lacustre de Los Ríos, sur de Chile
Authors: De Matheus e Silva Luis Fernando , Zunino Hugo Marcelo , Huiliñir Curío Viviana 
Published: March 2019

Actualmente, la “naturaleza” se ha convertido en una nueva estrategia de acumulación y determinados lugares han experimentado un proceso de resignificación, debido a sus características naturales y paisajísticas. Es el caso de la zona andino-lacustre de la región de Los Ríos, sur de Chile. Históricamente, esta zona (lar ancestral del pueblo mapuche) tenía como principal actividad la explotación maderera, pero ahora el lugar se ve convertido en una nueva frontera para la expansión capitalista, sustentada por la ideología de la naturaleza “prístina”. Aquí discutimos una de las aristas de este proceso: la creación de grandes áreas de protección natural ligadas al capital, teniendo como referencia la reserva Huilo Huilo, con 100 mil hectáreas. Sugerimos que el establecimiento de este nuevo “latifundio verde” se origina en los mecanismos de acumulación por desposesión desatados con la neoliberalización de la economía chilena, generando una serie de consecuencias, como la apropiación privada de la naturaleza, la re-concentración fundiaria y el incremento de la especulación inmobiliaria.
Misja Sędziwoja z Szubina do Zadaru. Epizod z czasów bezkrólewia w Polsce 1382-1384
Authors: Wróbel Dariusz Adam 
Published: March 2019

Artykuł dotyczy jednego z najbardziej tajemniczych i sensacyjnych epizodów z czasu bezkrólewia po śmierci Ludwika Andegaweńskiego. Wojewoda kaliski Sędziwój z Szubina pojechał na Węgry po królewnę Jadwigę przeznaczoną na tron polski, lecz nie zdołał zrealizować celu swojej misji. Został zatrzymany w Zadarze wraz ze swymi towarzyszami, natomiast królowa Elżbieta Bośniaczka wysłała do Polski młodego Jana z Tarnowa, syna kasztelana sandomierskiego z zadaniem zajęcia zamku wawelskiego. Autor dowodzi, że wyjazd Sędziwoja z Krakowa, jego feralne spotkanie z królową Elżbietą w Zadarze i jego ucieczka do Polski miały miejsce w 1383 r. Ma to zasadnicze wpływ na postrzeganie charakteru misji i jej znaczenia w kontekście relacji polsko-węgierskich w tym okresie.
Modelling of the Response of Partially Saturated Non-cohesive Soil Subjected to Undrained Loading
Authors: Świdziński Waldemar , Mierczyński Jacek , Smyczyński Marcin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with the modelling of the undrained response of non-cohesive partially saturated soils subjected to triaxial compression. The model proposed is based on an incremental equation describing the pre-failure response of non-cohesive soils during shearing. The original model, developed by Sawicki, was modified by taking into account pore fluid compressibility. The governing equation makes it possible to simulate effective stress paths under undrained conditions. Numerical results are compared with experimental data.
Economics of NHS Cost-Saving and its Morality on the ‘Living Dead’
Authors: Jackson Emerson Abraham 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article has been championed on account of the experience of (perceived) economic rationalization which seem to be the foremost of patients’ care as opposed to addressing distress to human existing well-being, while in a state of being tormented with agonizing news of prolonged ill health. Several considerations have been proposed as a way of addressing the need to rationalize resources in ensuring the long standing history of the NHS focus on ‘free health care’ is critically covered, but not in a way that destroys confidence on the ability of professionals to manifest ethical prudence in their acts of judgments about whether patients care is to be made immediate or prolonged on a waiting list. There is certainly serious impacts to be comprehended with in situation of economic rationality through services provided by the NHS; it is believed that tangible outcomes about definitive care for patients can be addressed collaboratively.
Kants Begriff der Vernunft
Authors: Marx Esther 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The task of this article is to explore whether Kant developed his insights into reason on the basis of a pre-conceptual paradigm and to explain the functions assumed in this paradigm by metaphorical devices. As far as methods are concerned, the author refers to Lichtenberg’s ideas concerning paradigmatic cognition, but also to Blumenberg, who conceded important functions of orientation to pre-conceptual constructions of knowledge. Starting from the metaphor of a tree of knowledge, Kant develops a paradigm, which includes analogies with the natural sciences of the Modern era. Kant’s reasoning also refers to the paradigm of the courtroom hearing. The author considers that both paradigms are essential to the foundation of Kant’s concept of reason.
Mandibular osteomyelitis in the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) (Odontoceti: Cetacea): first case in the Mexican Caribbean
Authors: Niño-Torres Carlos Alberto , Castelblanco-Martínez Delma Nataly , Blanco-Parra María del Pilar , Sánchez Okrucky Roberto 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Oral pathological conditions are common in mammals and have been relatively well documented for some wild groups, but are rarely reported in marine mammals. Here, we report for the Mexican Caribbean the first case of mandibular osteomyelitis in a free-ranging dolphin. A bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus adult male (256.5 cm total length) was found stranded dead in the west coast of the State Reserve “Chetumal Bay Manatee Sanctuary”. Herein, we discuss some plausible explanations about the origin of this lesion to improve the knowledge about the species biology.
Failing States, Human (In)Security, and the American World Novel
Authors: Watson David 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
As a growing number of contemporary American novelists take the world and its socio-cultural and geopolitical complexity as their subject matter, the contemporary novel’s form and sense of worldliness are shifting. Twenty-first century US fiction challenges normative models of the world proposed by theories of cosmopolitan relationality by projecting fragile worlds of strife and trauma, in which violence accompanies geopolitical turbulence. In these novels, discourses around human security—the everyday security needs of vulnerable populations—are increasingly prominent. Accordingly, contemporary US fiction often incorporates within its geopolitical imaginary such issues as human rights, humanitarian interventions, development, and how life is disabled by prejudice, civil war, scarcity, and health or other crises. In this essay, I range across a number of works by contemporary American novelists such as Dave Eggers, Jennifer Egan, Denis Johnson, Dana Spiotta, and Bob Shacochis in which state failures as well as human and geopolitical security concerns impact on the form given to the world by these novelists. In their novels, narratives concerning human security as well as threats to geopolitical stability produce transnational geographies in which global interconnections and circulation intensify feelings of insecurity.
Adaptive Design for Educational Hypermedia Environments and Bio-Educational Adaptive Design for 3D Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Santoianni Flavia , Ciasullo Alessandro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAdaptive learning environments design has been originally influenced by the adaptive learning environments model, which has been recently re-shaped by the bio-educational adaptive approach. Adaptive and bio-educational models share the common main idea that education should be adaptive. Since the 90’s the adoption of an adaptive educational point of view have been at the base of adaptive educational hypermedia systems, which design joins interest towards learners’ individual differences with adaptive learning environments research. Educational hypermedia systems have been overcome by the technology of 3D Virtual Learning Environments. Some emerging questions are related to the design criteria of adaptive learning environments. Which lessons learned from adaptive hypermedia systems design could be now applied to VLEs’ design? How a virtual learning environment should be designed to be adaptive? This research tries to answer to these questions by describing Federico 3DSU, an educational University 3D Virtual Learning Environment which has been designed with adaptive criteria, according to bio-educational model
Self-quotations and politeness: The construction of discourse events and its pragmatic implications
Authors: Cohen-Achdut Miri 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The article discusses self-quotations as a strategy of politeness. I maintain that self-quotations fulfill strategies of linguistic politeness, and that the fulfillment of these strategies must be understood through the discourse event standing in the background of the self-quotation. In the corpus – 13 Hebrew articles written by women in eastern Europe in the nineteenth century – 35 self-quotations were found. All of them are “fictional”, i.e. they do not refer to an actual discourse event that occurred in the past. Nevertheless, the fictionality is not identical in all the cases examined, and it arises from the specific characteristics of each case. The examination of the construction of the other discourse event (past, future, or fictional) reveals that it strongly influences the quotation’s pragmatic function, and specifically its “polite” character. The discourse event might be a speech or thought event; it might actually have occurred in the past or only be implied by a future tense or a conditional structure; or sometimes it may be openly declared as a discourse event that will not take place altogether. Self-quotations function as hedging devices, qualifying various aspects of the utterance – its illocutionary force, comprehensiveness, the degree of social authority it expresses, or the act of uttering itself.