bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigated Intraoperative 2-Dimensional Ultrasound in High-Grade Glioma Surgery: Impact on Extent of Resection and Patient Outcome
Authors: Moiraghi Alessandro , Prada Francesco , Delaidelli Alberto , Guatta Ramona , May Adrien , Bartoli Andrea , Saini Marco , Perin Alessandro , Wälchli Thomas , Momjian Shahan , Bijlenga Philippe , Schaller Karl , DiMeco Francesco 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Maximizing extent of resection (EOR) and reducing residual tumor volume (RTV) while preserving neurological functions is the main goal in the surgical treatment of gliomas. Navigated intraoperative ultrasound (N-ioUS) combining the advantages of ultrasound and conventional neuronavigation (NN) allows for overcoming the limitations of the latter.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of real-time NN combining ioUS and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on maximizing EOR in glioma surgery compared to standard NN.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed a series of 60 cases operated on for supratentorial gliomas: 31 operated under the guidance of N-ioUS and 29 resected with standard NN. Age, location of the tumor, pre- and postoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), EOR, RTV, and, if any, postoperative complications were evaluated.

RESULTS
The rate of gross total resection (GTR) in NN group was 44.8% vs 61.2% in N-ioUS group. The rate of RTV > 1 cm3 for glioblastomas was significantly lower for the N-ioUS group (P < .01). In 13/31 (42%), RTV was detected at the end of surgery with N-ioUS. In 8 of 13 cases, (25.8% of the cohort) surgeons continued with the operation until complete resection. Specificity was greater in N-ioUS (42% vs 31%) and negative predictive value (73% vs 54%). At discharge, the difference between pre- and postoperative KPS was significantly higher for the N-ioUS (P < .01).

CONCLUSION
The use of an N-ioUS-based real-time has been beneficial for resection in noneloquent high-grade glioma in terms of both EOR and neurological outcome, compared to standard NN. N-ioUS has proven usefulness in detecting RTV > 1 cm3.
Intra-Regional Glu-GABA vs Inter-Regional Glu-Glu Imbalance: A 1H-MRS Study of the Neurochemistry of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Hjelmervik Helene , Craven Alexander R , Sinceviciute Igne , Johnsen Erik , Kompus Kristiina , Bless Josef J , Kroken Rune A , Løberg Else-Marie , Ersland Lars , Grüner Renate , Hugdahl Kenneth 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Glutamate (Glu), gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA), and excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance have inconsistently been implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia. Elevated Glu levels in language regions have been suggested to mediate auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), the same regions previously associated with neuronal hyperactivity during AVHs. It is, however, not known whether alterations in Glu levels are accompanied by corresponding GABA alterations, nor is it known if Glu levels are affected in brain regions with known neuronal hypo-activity. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we measured Glx (Glu+glutamine) and GABA+ levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left and right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), in a sample of 77 schizophrenia patients and 77 healthy controls. Two MRS-protocols were used. Results showed a marginally significant positive correlation in the left STG between Glx and AVHs, whereas a significant negative correlation was found in the ACC. In addition, high-hallucinating patients as a group showed decreased ACC and increased left STG Glx levels compared to low-hallucinating patients, with the healthy controls in between the 2 hallucinating groups. No significant differences were found for GABA+ levels. It is discussed that reduced ACC Glx levels reflect an inability of AVH patients to cognitively inhibit their “voices” through neuronal hypo-activity, which in turn originates from increased left STG Glu levels and neuronal hyperactivity. A revised E/I-imbalance model is proposed where Glu-Glu imbalance between brain regions is emphasized rather than Glu-GABA imbalance within regions, for the understanding of the underlying neurochemistry of AVHs.
An Overcrowded Loblolly Pine Stand Thinned With Fire
Authors: McNab W. Henry 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A low-intensity fire in a dense young stand of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in the Piedmont of central Georgia reduced the number of stems by 65 percent. No tree larger than four inches in diameter at the groundline was killed. Thus, low-intensity fires may be beneficial in precommercially thinning young loblolly pine, but the technique should be considered only for stands with a wide range of diameters.
Use of the Wholesale Price Index for all Commodities in Determining Future Stumpage Prices Under Long-Term Leases
Authors: Hotvedt James E. , Tedder Philip L. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Stumpage prices based on the wholesale price index (WPI) for all commodities tend to under-estimate actual market prices paid. Upper limits on the WPI (and other indexes) in such calculations may also result in disparaties between prices paid and observed market prices.
Loblolly Pine Response to Bedding and Fertilization Varies by Drainage Class on Lower Atlantic Coastal Plain Sites
Authors: McKee W. H. , White L. P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Growth response of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to bedding and phosphorus fertilization was determined on three sites classified as moderately well, somewhat poorly, and poorly drained. Ten-year growth in terms of height and diameter showed a pronounced response to treatments on the poorly drained site but only a small response on the other sites on which competition was eliminated as a factor in all treatments. Bedding and fertilization interacted only on the poorly drained site where response to bedding was most pronounced. Our projection of height over age curves for individual treatments suggest that response to phosphorus alone may compare favorably with bedding plus phosphorus after the pines are about age 20 on the poorly drained site. Nutrient concentration in foliage alone was not indicative of the differential growth response to fertilizer obtained over drainage classes.
Evaluation of Thinning for Reduction of Losses from Southern Pine Beetle Attack in Loblolly Pine Stands
Authors: Burkhart Harold E. , Haney Harry L. , Newberry James D. , Leuschner William A. , Morris Caleb L. , Reed David D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Thinning has been recommended to lower stand basal areas in order to reduce losses from southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) attack. In this study, benefits of thinning loblolly pine stands for reduction of losses from southern pine beetle (SPB) attack were evaluated. Results showed that thinning can be expected to reduce losses from SPB attack on average and better sites.
South. J. Appl. For. 10:105-108, May 1986.
Helicopter Logging of Baldcypress in Southern Swamps
Authors: Jackson Ben D. , Morris Robert A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A Boeing Vertol-107 II helicopter with support men and equipment, yarding large baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) from a southern swamp, hourly produced 2,773 ft3 of wood at a cost of $2,087. The average payload was 120 ft3 or 7,747 lb, 70% of the machine payload capacity, with an average cycle time of 2.57 min. The cycle elemental times were poorly correlated with yarding distance, payload weight, stems flown, and density altitude. Positioning, descent, hooking, and ascending with the logs accounted for most of the variation and length of the average cycle time. A predictive equation of per cycle cubic foot volume as a function of payload weight and the number of stems flown was developed.
South J. Appl. For. 10:92-95, May 1986.
An Analysis of Multiple Product Merchandising Strategies for Loblolly Pine Stumpage
Authors: Greber Brian J. , Smith H. Don 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Procedures are outlined for analyzing the value of loblolly pine stands, given various merchandising strategies, product specifications, and market conditions. Taper equations are used extensively for determining tree-bucking strategies that meet production specifications. An empirical example demonstrates the application of the procedures to a comparison of ten merchandising strategies for a timber stand. Among the products considered are pulpwood, chip-n-saw, plylogs, and sawlogs, with the latter three in both standard-cut and tree-length forms. Several sensitivity analyses demonstrate the impacts of changes in markets and product specifications on the values implicit in the merchandising strategies. South. J. Appl. For. 10:137-41, Aug. 1986.
Development of a Southern Appalachian Hardwood Stand After Clearcutting
Authors: Beck Donald E. , Hooper Ralph M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A mixed hardwood stand composed of 53% oak (Quercus spp.), 33% yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), and 14% other species, was clearcut in 1963. Twenty years later a developing, even-aged stand of predominantly sprout origin is dominated by yellow-poplar, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and sweet birch (Betula lenta L.). The oaks are a minor and decreasing component. This and other studies suggest that clearcuts on good sites in the Southern Appalachians will be dominated by aggressive intolerant species—mainly yellow-poplar. If a larger oak component is desired, measures to ensure strong advance reproduction and lessen competition from prolific sprouters such as red maple will be necessary. South. J. Appl. For. 10:168-72. Aug. 1986.
Bucking Logs to Cable Yarder Capacity Can Decrease Yarding Costs and Minimize Wood Wastage
Authors: LeDoux Chris B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Data from selected time and motion studies and a forest model plot, used in a simulation model, show that logging managers planning felling, bucking, and limbing for a cable yarding operation must consider the effect of alternate bucking rules on wood wastage, yarding production rates and cost, the number of chokers to fly and total logging costs. Results emphasize the need to consider initial logging activities in terms of effects on cable yarding system efficiencies and wood wastage. Results also emphasize the need to match payload (piece size) to cable yarder capacity. Results suggest that cable yarding costs can be decreased by 20 to 32% by simply bucking logs to yarder capacity. South. J. Appl. For. 10:180-183, Aug. 1986.
Predicting Inside Bark Diameter for Shortleaf, Loblolly, and Longleaf Pines
Authors: Cao Quang V. , Pepper William D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Equations are presented for prediction of inside bark diameter from outside bark diameter, outside and inside bark diameter at breast height, relative height, and total height for shortleaf, loblolly, natural longleaf, and planted longleaf pines. These equations performed somewhat better than the three options in Grosenbaugh's (1974) STX computer program. Users can select equations that do or do not require bark measurement at breast height. Results from shortleaf data indicated that a single equation seemed adequate for different physiographic regions. South J. Appl. For. 10:220-224, Nov. 1986.
Private Forestry Consultants: 1983 Status and Accomplishments in Georgia
Authors: Hodges Donald G. , Cubbage Frederick W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Private forestry consultants working in Georgia were surveyed regarding technical assistance provided to the state's nonindustrial private forest landowners. In 1983, the 79 responding consultants managed more than 1.3 million ac, site-prepared 27,375 ac, planted 21,515 ac, and marked and sold more than 274,000 cords of pine pulpwood and 178,000,000 bd ft of pine sawtimber. Projections for the total known consultant population in Georgia indicate that 1.8 million ac were managed, 37,427 ac site-prepared, and 29,413 ac planted. Average fees charged by consultants were also surveyed and summarized. South. J. Appl. For. 10:225-230, Nov. 1986.
Estimating Fusiform Rust Losses in Five Southeast States
Authors: Anderson Robert L. , McClure Joe P. , Cost Noel , Uhler Robert J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Annual losses to fusiform rust are estimated at over $35 million in the five States from Virginia to Florida. Losses were estimated by taking Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data on fusiform rust through a series of growth and yield equations and sawtimber quality loss projections. The result is a system that estimates cordwood and sawtimber losses by state for loblolly and slash pine in natural and planted stands. Each time a state is resurveyed by FIA, a new estimate of loss can be made. This system applied to a 5-state area also shows that about 8.8 million acres of the 24 million acres of slash and loblolly pine have at least 10 percent of the trees infected. South. J. Appl. For. 10:237-240, Nov. 1986.
Effects of Site Preparation on Soil Physical Properties, Growth of Loblolly Pine, and Competing Vegetation
Authors: Slay J. Melinda , Lockaby B. G. , Adams J. C. , Vidrine C. G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Competing vegetation, seedling survival, and growth of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were evaluated one year following four site-preparation techniques in north Louisiana. The treatments were chop and burn, windrow, fuelwood harvest, and fuelwood harvest followed by a herbicide. Physicalsoil properties were evaluated before and after treatment application. The study was designed as a randomized complete block and was installed on a Gore silt loam (Vertic Paleudalf) soil.
Windrowing significantly increased surface bulk densities. Fuelwood had significantly higher bulk densityvalues for subsurface samples. In comparisons among treatments, surface bulk densities for the windrow treatment were significantly higher than both of the fuelwood treatments. The fuelwood treatment was significantly higher in competing vegetation while the fuelwood followed by a herbicidetreatment was significantly lowest.
The fuelwood followed by a herbicide ranked significantly higher in seedling height, ground line diameter, and volume. Seedling growth was inversely related to competing vegetation dry weight. There were no significant differences among treatments in seedlingsurvival. South. J. Appl. For. 11(2):83-86.
Effect of Crown Scorch on Mortality and Diameter Growth of 19-Year-Old Loblolly Pine
Authors: Lilieholm Robert J. , Hu Shih-Chang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Various levels of crown scorch on 19-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were examined. Scorching and mortality were greatest for small-diameter, suppressed trees. Diameter growth one year after scorching was not diminished for lightly scorched trees but decreased with increasing crown scorch. During the second and third growing seasons after scorching, only trees receiving complete crown scorch exhibited significantly less diameter growth. South. J. Appl. For. 11(4):209-211.
Soil Movement after Broadcast Burning in the Southern Appalachians
Authors: Van Lear D. H. , Danielovich S. J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Soil movement on slopes following high-intensity broadcast burning of logging slash in the Southern Appalachians was not increased on August-burned plots over that on clearcut plots and averaged 1.36t/ha/yr. Neither the amount of exposed mineral soil nor the weight of the fine root mat was significantly altered by burning. Infiltration rates were high (173 ± 25 cm/hr) on both burned and unburned plots. Burning reduced slash biomass 30-38%. The resulting ash significantly increased exchangeable nutrients and pH of eroded sediments. After one growing season, the shrub and herbaceous biomass on burned plots was twofold greater than on control plots. Logging slash can be burned under proper fuel and weather conditions without increasing soil movement in the Southern Appalachians. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):49-53.
Response Following Aerial Applications of Glyphosate for Release of Loblolly Pine in the Virginia Piedmont
Authors: Zutter Bruce R. , Minogue Patrick J. , Gjerstad Dean H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Four growing seasons after aerial applications of glyphosate at 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 lb ai/ac in a three-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in late summer, diameter at breast height (dbh) and total height of pines were greater on treated compared to untreated areas. Pines on treated plots averaged 2.5 in. dbh and 15.2 ft in height while pines on untreated plots averaged 1.9 in. dbh and 13.5 ft in height. Height growth curves of treated pines through four growing seasons following treatment. In general, reduction in hardwood density and pine response each increased with increasing glyphosate rate. Relative composition of red maple in the stand increased two years after treatment for all rates of glyphosate, but did not change in the plots without treatment. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):54-58.
Soil Spot Herbicides for Single-Stem Hardwood Control
Authors: Miller James H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Soil spot treatments of undiluted Velpar® L and a concentrated mixture of Spike® 80W were applied around test trees of five hardwood species. The test rates were 2, 4, and 6 ml of herbicide/in. of dbh applied to the soil within 3 ft of each tree Hardwood topkill was assessed after two growing seasons. The 4-ml rate of Velpar L was required to achieve 80% or greater average topkill of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) and water oak (Quercus nigra) on loamy soils, while a 6-ml rate was needed to exceed 80% topkill of dogwood (Cornus florida). Spike 80W gave about 80% topkill of both water oak and dogwood at the 2-ml rate but was ineffective on sweetgum. Only Spike 80W at the 6-ml rate yielded greater than 70% average topkill of boxelder (Acer negundo) and hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana). Nearby hardwoods of susceptible species within 3 ft of treated trees were also killed, extending the cost-effectiveness of these hardwood control treatments. South. J. Appl. For. 12(3):199-203.
New-Ground Syndrome: An Ectomycorrhizal Deficiency in Pine Nurseries
Authors: South David B. , Mitchell R. J. , Dixon R. K. , Vedder Mark 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In July 1986, stunted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were studied at a nursery in Union Springs, Alabama. Stunted seedlings were found only in seedbeds formed on new ground (soil having no history of producing a nursery crop of ectomycorrhizal tree seedlings). The stunted seedlings were either nonmycorrhizal or had extremely low levels of ectomycorrhizae, whereas nonstunted seedlings had a greater degree of ectomycorrhizal development. Stunted seedlings were deficient in phosphorus (0.07%), whereas nonstunted seedlings had sufficient phosphorus (0.15%). An application of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to stunted seedlings increased shoot phosphorus and resulted in substantial growth improvement. The phosphorus application reduced the percentage of cull seedlings (root-collar diameter <3.2 mm) from 62% to 8%. This study also demonstrates that when a seedbed is formed on new ground, ectomycorrhizal deficiencies can occur even when ectomycorrhizal tree hosts are present in the immediate vicinity. The ectomycorrhizal deficiency in the seedlings observed in this study may have been related to restricted spore dispersal caused by insufficient rainfall that had occurred after spring fumigation. South J. App. For. 12(4):234-239.
Performance of Small Grapple Skidders in Plantation Thinning Applications
Authors: Greene W. Dale , Stokes Bryce J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Small grapple skidders working on two thinning operations in the Atlantic coastal plain were examined. When gate delimbing was used, production per PMH was reduced from 11.47 cords to 7 85 cords—a reduction of 32%. This reduction in skidder productivity was compensated by a reduction in total production cost per cord because of the high cost of manually delimbing trees. With increases in insurance rates for labor-intensive operations continuing to rise dramatically, gate delimbing systems should continue to be competitive. South., J. Appl. For. 12(4):243-246.
A Habitat Suitability Index for White-Tailed Deer in the Piedmont
Authors: Crawford Hewlette S. , Marchinton R. Larry 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A habitat suitability index based on winter foods was designed to evaluate habitat changes affecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the Piedmont region of the southeastern United States. Habitat components incorporated in the index were (1) the standing crop of availableherbaceous vegetation and leaves of woody plants remaining green during late autumn and winter, (2) basal area of oak (Quercus spp.) 10" dbh and larger, (3) number of oak species in the stand ≥5% of total basal area, (4) site index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) or mixed oak, (5) percentageof agricultural land, and (6) distance from agricultural land to forest or shrub cover. The rationale for inclusion of each component of the index is given, and methods for sampling each habitat component are described. The index should be useful on private small landownerships as well ason larger private and public holdings. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):12-16
Longleaf Pine Management on the DeSoto National Forest—A Case Study
Authors: Sirmon Gene A. , Dennington Roger W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill) reforestation efforts were successful on the National Forest in south Mississippi when foresters began applying the proper technology. Artificial regeneration by planting bareroot seedlings and natural regeneration by the shelterwood system bothresulted in a plantation success rate consistently above 90%. This success can be attributed to better site preparation, better seedling culture, care, and handling, and more highly trained personnel committed to excellence in longleaf pine regeneration. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):34-40.
Survival and Growth of Nuttall Oak Seedlings Following Selection Cutting—28-Year Remeasurement
Authors: Johnson Robert L. , Krinard Roger M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A Nuttall oak (Quercus nuttallii Palmer) seedling stand that averaged 138,000 trees/ac 1 year after establishment from the 1957 seed crop was reduced to 708 trees/ac after 28 years where seedling release consisted of a one-time selection cut. None of the dominant/codominant trees atage 28 were oak, and only 20% of the plots had oaks of intermediate crown class. The regenerated stand will apparently become ash-sugarberry to replace the original stand that was two-thirds oak. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):43-46.
Recent Research Indicates Plant Community Responses to Intensive Treatment Including Chemical Amendments
Authors: Swindel Benee F. , Smith Joel E. , Neary Daniel G. , Comerford Nicholas B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Plant community responses to several factors (planted species, competition control, and nutrients) that influence stand development were tested in a factorial experiment on a flatwoods Spodosol. A moisture gradient across replications, augmented by irrigation, permitted testing of afourth factor (moisture regime). There were differences between slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) crown development, but no response to moisture gradient. Pines and other plants responded dramatically to continuing competition control andrepeated fertilization. Nonpine crown cover was reduced from 100% on plots without herbicides to less than 10% on treated plots. Pine crown cover at 5 years averaged 73% with both fertilization and competition control versus 11% on control plots. Both pine and nonpine cover changed significantlyacross bed, furrow, and interbed niches, and niche interacted with chemical (fertilizer and herbicide) treatment. Competition control dramatically reduced plant species richness; modal number of species observed on 5 m transects was reduced from 10 on plots without herbicides to 2 on plotsrepeatedly treated. South. J. Appl. For. 13(3):152-156.