bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Declining Orangutans Population in the Unprotected Forest of Batang Toru
Authors: Arfah Nasution  , Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah  , Sri Suci Utami-Atmoko  
Published: July 2018

Habitat loss and hunting are major threats to the long-term survival of the viable orangutan population in Batang Toru. East Batang Toru Forest Block (EBTFB) is the most threatened area due to low forest cover and high encroachment. Based on a preliminary survey in 2008, Hopong forest which is located in EBTFB, had the highest orangutan density (0.7 ind/km2). However illegal logging and hunting of protected species were occuring in this unprotected forest. Since this location has been gazetted as unprotected forest from the first survey until this study was conducted, it is important to assess orangutans population trends. This study aims to provide an updated density of orangutan in Hopong forest. The study included the location of the original survey but covered a wider overall area. The line transect method was used to record orangutan nests, ficus and trees bearing fruits. A quadrat method was used to record vegetation. The encounter rate of orangutan declined from 0.7 ind/km2 to 0.4 ind/km2 between 2008 and 2015. Forest cover has also changed in the seven years between surveys and this has influenced orangutan and orangutan nest encounter rates in Hopong. Since unprotected forest is at more risk in comparison with protected forest, allocation status of the Hopong forest is critical to reduce the threats it faces.
Clinical and functional characteristics of diabetic nephropathy in children
Authors: Kiselnikova O. V. , Mozzhukhina L. I. , Spivak E. M. 
Published: July 2018

Objective: To determine the clinical and functional characteristics of kidney damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) type I in children to establish the criteria for the prediction and early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Patients and methods. A total of 125 patients 4–18 years with type 1 diabetes. Kidney function was assessed by determining serum cystatin C and calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the formula Hawke. Results and discussion: the majority of patients with type 1 diabetes with the NAM, the median age was observed for 2.5 years more than in the comparison group (p <0.01). The high risk of developing MD in children with early-onset disease (51.7% of cases – up to 5 years of life) and the duration of diabetes for over 10 years. Nam 100% combined with other disease complications: neuropathy, retinopathy. In patients with DN revealed lower values of birth weight: 3,100 (2800–3400) c. against 3280 (3100–3600) c. In assessing the physical development of children, more than half have a disharmonious physical development. Assessment of blood pressure levels revealed its increase in most of the patients with DN. The majority of patients with DN (72.4%) marked signs of dyslipidemia, which is significantly higher than in the comparison group (29.2%, p <0.005). Conclusions: The risk factors for the formation of NAM in children are older than 15 years, disease duration of more than 10 years, presence of neuropathy, retinopathy, cataract, and combinations of these complications, low growth, hypertension, lipid spectrum of the blood plasma.
Acetaminophen-induced fulminant liver failure (clinical case presentation and a review of the literature)
Authors: Klimov L. Ya. , Aksenov A. G. , Popova E. V. , Pogorelova L. V. , Cucaev R. O. , Bykov Yu. V. , Kashnikov V. S. , Bobryshev D. V. , Kuryaninova V. A. , Stoyan M. V. , Pankov A. D. 
Published: July 2018

Acetaminophen (AAP) is one of the most common and widely used antipyretic drugs, but its overdose is the leading cause of fulminant hepatic insufficiency in the world. Mechanisms of liver damage at the use of toxic doses of AAP are caused by the transformation of the isoform of cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1, CYP2A6) into a reactive metabolite, N-acetyl-parabenzoquinonimine (NAPQI), which plays a major role in hepatotoxicity. Another mechanism of hepatotoxicity includes the formation of peroxynitrite – a toxic free radical produced in the mitochondria, which causes oxidative damage. In addition to liver damage in case of acetaminophen poisoning, nephrotoxic effect can occur. Potential mechanisms of nephrotoxicity in overdose of AAP are presented, caused by cytochrome P450, as well as prostaglandin synthetase and enzyme N-deacetylase are described. In the clinical case described by us, the development of fulminant hepatic insufficiency against the background of acetaminophen administration led to the development of a coma along with the kidney damage, however, a stable positive dynamics, was achieved during treatment. In the catamnesis 2.5 years later, there were no signs of fibrosis or cirrhosis of the liver.
Nilai keutamaan pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan dalam konteks pendidikan karakter bangsa
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Ahmad Jamil Bin , Hamzah Mohd. Isa Bin 
Published: July 2018

Pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan adalah nilai keutamaan tentang fungsi kognitif. Pengetahuan dapat diimplementasikan dalam peningkatan kualitas hidup manusia. Dalam konteks pendidikan karakter bangsa, nilai kreatif, rasa ingin tahu, dan gemar membaca merupakan faktor kekuatan karakter yang membangun nilai keutamaan pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa struktur nilai-nilai karakter bangsa yang menjadi bagian dari nilai keutamaan pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 780 responden siswa SMA. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahwa terbentuk tiga faktor kekuatan karakter yaitu kreatif, rasa ingin tahu, dan gemar membaca. Ketiga faktor tersebut merupakan faktor yang dapat membangun nilai keutamaan pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan.Kata kunci: pengetahuan dan kebijaksanaan, pendidikan karakter bangsa THE EXCELLENCE VALUES OF KNOWLEDGE AND WISDOM IN NATIONAL CHARACTER EDUCATION CONTEXTAbstractKnowledge and wisdom are the excellence value of cognitive function. Knowledge can be implemented in improving the quality of human life. In the context of the nation’s character education, the values of creativity, curiosity and reading habits are the factors of character strengths that build the excellence value of knowledge and wisdom. This study is aimed at examining the structure of the nation's character values which become part of knowledge and wisdom priorities. The study involved 780 senior high school students as the respondents. The findings of the study show that there are three factors of character strength, including creativity, curiosity, and reading habits. These three factors are the factors that can build the excellence value of knowledge and wisdom.Keywords: knowledge and wisdom, national character education
Pengembangan instrumen asesmen diri guru terhadap aktivitas pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan
Authors: Kasmayadi Wirman , Kumaidi Kumaidi , Sumarno Sumarno 
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen asesmen diri guru pada aktivitas pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan yang handal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan yang mengacu pada lima tahapan dalam model Plomp. Subyek penelitian adalah guru SMA di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Jumlah subyek penelitian pada uji coba awal sebanyak 350 orang dan uji coba lapangan utama sebanyak 950 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner skala Likers (1-5). Pengujian validitas isi menggunakan expert judgment, sedangkan validitas dan reliabilitas empiris menggunakan analisis faktor konfirmatori (CFA) dengan bantuan program Lisrel 8.80. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) konstrak aktivitas pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan guru memiliki tujuh dimensi, yaitu: membaca, pengembangan pembelajaran dan penilaian, pendidikan dan pelatihan, publikasi ilmiah, publikasi karya inovatif, reflektif dan kolaboratif; (2) instrumen yang telah dikembangkan secara keseluruhan memiliki kecocokan sebagai model asesmen yang baik dengan RMSEA 0.005 dan CFI 1.00 (valid) dan composite reliability lebih dari 0.70 (reliable).Kata kunci: asesmen diri guru, pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan DEVELOPING TEACHERS’ SELF-ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIESAbstractThis research is aimed at developing a reliable teachers' self-assessment instrument for sustainable professional development activity. This study was a development research using five-stage model of Research and Development by Plomp. The subjects are high school teachers in the West Nusa Tenggara province, that were selected by cluster random sampling technique. The research subjects in preliminary field test were 350 people and in the main field test were 950 people. The data were collected using Likers scale (1-5) questionnaire. The content validity was tested using expert judgment, whereas the empirical validity and reliability were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with Lisrel 8.80 program. The results of the research show that: (1) the construct of teachers’ sustainable professional development activities has seven dimensions, namely: reading, learning and assessment development, education and training, scientific publications, the publication of innovative works, reflective and collaborative; (2) the instruments have an overall fit as a good assessment model with the value of RMSEA 0.005, CFI 1.00 (Valid), and composite reliability of more than 0.70 (reliable).Keywords: teachers’ self-assessment, sustainable professional development
PERINEAL RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY
Authors: Bezrukov E. A. 
Published: July 2018

Lecture is devoted to the main provisions of perineal prostatectomy. At present, laparoscopic and robotic prostatectomy techniques have been widely developed. Nevertheless, the use of perineal access surgery remains indisputable for carefully selected patient groups. Undoubtedly, this type of intervention has obvious advantages, which are described amply in the lecture, in particular such as minimally invasive and economical expediency. The article presents modern functional and oncological results of perineal radical prostatectomy. This lecture will be useful for urologists and oncologists for improving their skills in performing this type of radical prostatectomy.Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The author have declared no conflicts of interest.
Prevalensi Kesulitan Belajar Peserta Didik di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri I Bandar Lampung
Authors: Defriyanto Defriyanto , Dernawan Oki 
Published: July 2018

Untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik di sekolah, perlu diberikan bantuan-bantuan yang dapat mengatasi mereka dalam proses pembelajaran. Ada baiknya sebelum dilakukan upaya membantu peserta didik dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar, perlu diketahui seberapa besar prevalensi (angka kejadian) peserta yang mengalami kesulitan belajar. Mengukur prevalensi kesulitan belajar di madrasah memang perlu dilakukan, karena hal ini akan berhubungan dengan diagnosis kesulitan belajar dan program apa yang tepat diberikan kepada peserta didik. Dengan mengetahui prevalensi kesulitan belajar peserta didik di madrasah, maka akan membantu guru dalam memberikan bantuan yang tepat kepada peserta didik tersebut. Madrasah Aliyah Negeri I Bandar Lampung merupakan madrasah Aliyah yang memiliki peserta didik yang sangat banyak. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan guru bimbingan konseling di madrasah ini ada sejumlah siswa yang prestasi belajarnya rendah dan mengalami kesulitan belajar (Wawancara dengan ibu Dina Kurniasih). Adapun rumusan masalah penelitian ini: Bagaimana profil kesulitan belajar peserta didik di MAN I Bandar Lampung? dan Berapa besar prevalensi kesulitan belajar di MAN I Bandar Lampung? Berdasarkan hasil analisis data maka penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi kesulitan belajar di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri I Bandar Lampung sebesar 26, 2%. Prevalensi kesulitan belajar lebih banyak terjadi pada peserta didik laki-laki dari pada peserta didik perempuan. Sedangkan Tempat tinggal peserta didik dan jurusan tidak menentukan prevalensi kesulitan belajar. Boleh dikatakan bahwa tempat tinggal dan jurusan peserta didik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan prevalensi kesulitan belajar yang dialami oleh peserta didik tersebut.
Can fiscal policy spur fertility?
Authors: Kudła Janusz , Walczyk Konrad 
Published: July 2018

Research background: The decreasing fertility rate is a serious problem for policymakers as it affects the pension system as well as private consumption and savings. It seems reasonable to analyze whether fiscal policy may mitigate the low birthrate problem.
Purpose of the article: In this paper we strive to answer the question whether fiscal incentives spur fertility if parents are rational.
Methods: A theoretical economic model of utility maximization is applied to analyze the impact of fiscal policy on fertility. The conclusions are based on the analysis of comparative statics simulation calibrated for actual data from Poland.
Findings & Value added: The results indicate that a substantial fertility effect can be obtained by raising subsidies for children or general benefits for families.
Credit volatility and productivity growth
Authors: Brzozowski Michał 
Published: July 2018

Research background: The issues of finance-growth nexus and financial instability have attracted considerable attention, but have been studied in isolation. This paper aims at filling this gap by providing insights into the implications of financial instability for long term productivity growth.
Purpose of the article: This paper sheds light on the relationship between credit-to-GDP ratio volatility and the total factor productivity (TFP) growth rate. The impact of systemic banking crises and financial depth on productivity growth is also studied.
Methods: The System GMM estimation of panel data for over 100 countries and spanning the period of 1970?2009 is used. The decomposition of credit-to-GDP ratio into trend and cyclical component is performed using the Hodrick-Prescott filter and a regression analysis with country-specific intercepts and slopes. The data on TFP comes from the Penn World Tables database.
Findings & Value added: TFP growth is negatively affected by credit volatility, mainly in less technologically advanced countries, while financial depth exerts a negative influence on TFP growth in economies with superior technology. Systemic banking crises and the concomitant credit crunches have a negative impact on productivity growth, regardless of the level of technological development. Moreover, the level of human capital, patents and globalization fuel productivity growth. Macroeconomic instability, measured by the rate of inflation, hampers TFP growth.
Process and product innovations, multi-product status and export performance: firm-level evidence from V?4 countries
Authors: Cieślik Andrzej , Michałek Jan Jakub 
Published: July 2018

Research background: In this paper, we study empirically the relationship between different forms of innovations, multi-product status and export performance of firms from four Visegrad countries. We treat innovations as the key element that can increase the level of firm productivity.
Purpose of the article: The main objective is to analyze the empirical relationship between different firms of innovation of firms from Visegrad countries and their export performance. In contrast to previous studies that use R&D spending as a measure of innovation, we rather relay on innovation outcomes. Our detailed hypotheses postulate the existence of positive relationships between firm export performance and different forms of innovation. We seek to determine which type of innovation activity is of the greatest importance for exporting and whether it depends on firm size, the level of internationalization, the use of human capital and its sector of activity. In addition, we control for the multi-product status of firms, i.e. whether they sell one or many products.
Methods: The measures of innovative activity of companies include both spending on R&D as well as its effects, such as product and process innovations. In addition, we control for the multi-product status measured by the share of the main product in total sales of the firm, as well as for other firm-level characteristics. The empirical implementation of the theoretical framework is based on the probit models, applied to the fifth edition of BEEPS firm level data set covering the period 2011?2014.
Findings & Value added: Our results indicate that the probability of exporting is positively related to both product and process innovations and the multi-product status. In addition, we find that the probability of exporting is related to the set of control variables including labor productivity, firm size, the share of university graduates in productive employment, foreign capital participation and the use of foreign licenses.
The condition of economies. Do most valuable global brands matter?
Authors: Flisikowski Karol , Kucharska Wioleta 
Published: July 2018

Research background: Brands are considered to be the most valuable asset of a company. Some of them achieve spectacular global results. The significance of global brands is proved by the fact that their value is often greater than the sum of all company?s net assets.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to highlight that brand value does not only create company?s value, but also leverages economies. The Authors claim that even though global brands are sold worldwide and are a part of ?global factories?, they strongly relate to the development of economies in the countries where these brands? headquarters are located.
Methods: Based on 500 Brandirectory, the Most Valuable Global Brands ranking powered by Brand Finance, an analysis of spatial autocorrelation of brand values, GDP per capita was performed and also the interdependency between them was illustrated with the use of the spatial cross-regressive model (SCM). The SCM approach allowed us to include spatial effects of brand values into the final form of the estimated equation. The empirical analysis was performed for 33 countries in 2014.
Findings & Value added: Findings confirm the hypothesis that there is a highly statistically significant relationship between brand value and GDP per capita and, what?s more, it is observed that spatial dependencies matter for brand values. The evidence is based on the results of spatial cross-regressive model (SCM).
Estructuración del sistema de riesgos de las sociedades anónimas
Authors: Silva Hernández Gabriel Mauricio 
Published: July 2018

El empresario colombiano al incursionar en el mercado está sujeto a diversos riesgos que pueden llegar a comprometer su patrimonio e incluso su libertad. El ejercicio de la libertad de empresa genera unas obligaciones-cargas para losaccionistas en la designación de sus administradores y de estos en la identificación de los sucesos futuros o inciertos que de realizarse afecten el interés de la sociedad, del Estado y de los terceros. Dicha autorregulación debe hacersedesde la estructuración de los estatutos sociales a través del diseño de un Sistema de Administración de Riesgos y de un Código de Buen Gobierno Corporativo para adoptar una política de prevención ante los riesgos inherentes a la actividad económica de las empresas.
La mediación: un camino para mitigar los efectos del bullying
Authors: Jaramillo marín Ruby 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo desarrolla el tema del bullying (acoso esco- lar), desde una mirada teórica y crítica. Propone el diálogo y la mediación como métodos específicos para la resolu- ción de conflictos generados a partir de las agresiones físicas y verbales, originadas principalmente en las aulas de clase, así como en distintos entornos sociales donde la intolerancia y la falta de respeto hacia el otro son el detonante para que se presente este fenómeno. En el desa- rrollo de la investigación se utilizó el método cualitativo. This article develops the theme of bullying (bullying), from a theoretical and critical eye. Calls for dialogue and mediation as specific methods for conflict resolution gen- erated from physical and verbal attacks originated mainly in the classroom as well as in different social environ- ments where intolerance and lack of respect for others are the trigger for this phenomenon is present. The quali- tative method was used in the development of research.
Recurrencias argumentativas y cuestiones en trabajos de titulación de pregrado: insumos para la programación de la formación argumental a nivel de pregrado
Authors: Risco del Valle Eduardo 
Published: July 2018

<p>La centralidad de la enseñanza de la argumentación en la formación universitaria ha sido transversal a toda la formación de pre y posgrado y connatural a ella desde los orígenes medievales de la propia institución universitaria; de hecho, esta formación se pone en ejercicio –y a veces es medida– en grados crecientes de complejidad a lo largo de toda la formación de pregrado con instrumentos entre los que descuella de manera particular el ensayo académico y su culminación más prístina: la tesis de grado.</p><p>El trabajo que presentamos forma parte de una investigación mayor destinada a recoger insumos relevantes para una programación de la formación argumental a nivel universitario, de manera que sus resultados son aún preliminares, pero, entre ellos, seleccionamos los que tienen relación con la recurrencia de cuestiones presentes y los tipos de argumentos preferidos por los estudiantes a la hora de escribir sus tesis de grado. Los resultados de la investigación revelan un panorama que acusa serios vacíos en la formación argumental de los estudiantes y una alarmante escasez de manejo de los recursos disponibles.</p>
A Phenomenological Study on Issuess Of Planning and Budgeting Consistency in The Perspectives of Local Government Budget Team
Authors: Ocktavianto Eko Prasetyo , Triyuwono Iwan , Purwanti Lilik 
Published: July 2018

<p>This study aims to gain an understanding of the importance of maintaining the consistency of planning and budgeting from the viewpoint of the Local Government Budget Team (TAPD). Using a phenomenological approach allows the disclosure of meaning systematically related to the phenomenon being studied. The study was developed using primary and secondary data sources. The primary data were derived from unstructured interviews and the secondary data used by researcher were in the form planning and budgetting documents, namely, RPJMD, RKPD, KUA PPAS and APBD. Some findings indicate that there are still many problems in the process of budget planning and budgeting at the research site. The problems manifest in the form of constraints in achieving consistency in planning and budgeting caused by both internal and external factors. Eventually, the results of the study conclude that efforts to maintain the consistency of planning and budgeting interpreted by TAPD of Probolinggo as guidance in realizing the accountability of the financial performance of local government through loyalty, effective evaluation and supervision and strong commitmen from the employees.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: budget, consistency, planning and budgeting, TAPD</p>