bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autonomous seawater pCO2 and pH time series from 40 surface buoys and the emergence of anthropogenic trends
Authors: Sutton Adrienne J. , Feely Richard A. , Maenner-Jones Stacy , Musielwicz Sylvia , Osborne John , Dietrich Colin , Monacci Natalie , Cross Jessica , Bott Randy , Kozyr Alex , Andersson Andreas J. , Bates Nicholas R. , Cai Wei-Jun , Cronin Meghan F. , De Carlo Eric H. , Hales Burke , Howden Stephan D. , Lee Charity M. , Manzello Derek P. , McPhaden Michael J. , Meléndez Melissa , Mickett John B. , Newton Jan A. , Noakes Scott E. , Noh Jae Hoon , Olafsdottir Solveig R. , Salisbury Joseph E. , Send Uwe , Trull Thomas W. , Vandemark Douglas C. , Weller Robert A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Ship-based time series, some now approaching over 3 decades long, are critical climate records that have dramatically improved our ability to characterize natural and anthropogenic drivers of ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and biogeochemical processes. Advancements in autonomous marine carbon sensors and technologies over the last 2 decades have led to the expansion of observations at fixed time series sites, thereby improving the capability of characterizing sub-seasonal variability in the ocean. Here, we present a data product of 40 individual autonomous moored surface ocean pCO2 (partial pressure of CO2) time series established between 2004 and 2013, 17 also include autonomous pH measurements. These time series characterize a wide range of surface ocean carbonate conditions in different oceanic (17 sites), coastal (13 sites), and coral reef (10 sites) regimes. A time of trend emergence (ToE) methodology applied to the time series that exhibit well-constrained daily to interannual variability and an estimate of decadal variability indicates that the length of sustained observations necessary to detect statistically significant anthropogenic trends varies by marine environment. The ToE estimates for seawater pCO2 and pH range from 8 to 15 years at the open ocean sites, 16 to 41 years at the coastal sites, and 9 to 22 years at the coral reef sites. Only two open ocean pCO2 time series, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Hawaii Ocean Time-series Station (WHOTS) in the subtropical North Pacific and Stratus in the South Pacific gyre, have been deployed longer than the estimated trend detection time and, for these, deseasoned monthly means show estimated anthropogenic trends of 1.9±0.3 and 1.6±0.3 µatm yr−1, respectively. In the future, it is possible that updates to this product will allow for the estimation of anthropogenic trends at more sites; however, the product currently provides a valuable tool in an accessible format for evaluating climatology and natural variability of surface ocean carbonate chemistry in a variety of regions. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.7289/V5DB8043 and https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/ocads/oceans/Moorings/ndp097.html (Sutton et al., 2018).
Using paired catchments to quantify the human influence on hydrological droughts
Authors: Van Loon Anne F. , Rangecroft Sally , Coxon Gemma , Breña Naranjo José Agustín , Van Ogtrop Floris , Van Lanen Henny A. J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Quantifying the influence of human activities, such as reservoir building, water abstraction, and land use change, on hydrology is crucial for sustainable future water management, especially during drought. Model-based methods are very time-consuming to set up and require a good understanding of human processes and time series of water abstraction, land use change, and water infrastructure and management, which often are not available. Therefore, observation-based methods are being developed that give an indication of the direction and magnitude of the human influence on hydrological drought based on limited data. We suggest adding to those methods a “paired-catchment” approach, based on the classic hydrology approach that was developed in the 1920s for assessing the impact of land cover treatment on water quantity and quality. When applying the paired-catchment approach to long-term pre-existing human influences trying to detect an influence on extreme events such as droughts, a good catchment selection is crucial. The disturbed catchment needs to be paired with a catchment that is similar in all aspects except for the human activity under study, in that way isolating the effect of that specific activity. In this paper, we present a framework for selecting suitable paired catchments for the study of the human influence on hydrological drought. Essential elements in this framework are the availability of qualitative information on the human activity under study (type, timing, and magnitude), and the similarity of climate, geology, and other human influences between the catchments. We show the application of the framework on two contrasting case studies, one impacted by groundwater abstraction and one with a water transfer from another region. Applying the paired-catchment approach showed how the groundwater abstraction aggravated streamflow drought by more than 200 % for some metrics (total drought duration and total drought deficit) and the water transfer alleviated droughts with 25 % to 80 %, dependent on the metric. Benefits of the paired-catchment approach are that climate variability between pre- and post-disturbance periods does not have to be considered as the same time periods are used for analysis, and that it avoids assumptions considered when partly or fully relying on simulation modelling. Limitations of the approach are that finding a suitable catchment pair can be very challenging, often no pre-disturbance records are available to establish the natural difference between the catchments, and long time series of hydrological data are needed to robustly detect the effect of the human activities on hydrological drought. We suggest that the approach can be used for a first estimate of the human influence on hydrological drought, to steer campaigns to collect more data, and to complement and improve other existing methods (e.g. model-based or large-sample approaches).
EXPANSÃO URBANA E IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NA ZONA COSTEIRA NORTE DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO LUÍS (MA)
Authors: Serra Janilci Silva , Farias Filho Marcelino Silva 
Published: March 2019

Este estudo tem por finalidade analisar a alteração do uso e ocupação da Zona Costeira Norte de São Luís(MA) e identificar os principais impactos ambientais que surgiram a partir da transformação do espaço natural desta região verificando as normas e diretrizes estabelecidas nos instrumentos de gestão urbana ( lei de Zoneamento, Parcelamento, Uso e Ocupação do Solo, Plano Diretor e a lei Orgânica de São Luís). Para a análise da alteração do uso e ocupação foi feito a classificação de imagens de satélite, foram utilizados imagens multiespectrais do sensor TM (Thematic Mapper) a bordo do satélite Landsat 5, a classificação foi realizada em ambiente SIG (Sistema de informações Geográficas), foram utilizadas 2 imagens referentes aos dias 20/06/1984 e 04/02/2010, na classificação foram mapeadas 5 classes (urbano, vegetação, solo exposto e água). Os resultados mostraram que houve significativa redução da área com vegetação em consequência do intenso processo de expansão urbana, em 1984 a área urbana ocupava um total de 29,27% da área e em 2010 ocupava um total de 56,26%.
AS CARACTERÍSTICAS SEDIMENTARES DO TRANSPORTE DA CARGA DE FUNDO NAS CONFLUÊNCIAS DO RIO IVINHEMA-MS COM O RIO PARANÁ
Authors: Grzegorczyk Vanderlei , Santos Manoel Luiz dos , Pagotto Dayane 
Published: March 2019

Esta pesquisa aborda o transporte de carga de fundo nas áreas de confluências do rio Ivinhema-MS, com o rio Paraná durante o ano de 2013. A bacia hidrográfica da área das confluências inserida em sua totalidade no contexto geológico da bacia sedimentar do Paraná, onde inúmeras pesquisas foram realizadas por pesquisadores e alunos do GEMA/UEM (Grupo de Estudos Multidisciplinares do Ambiente). O rio Ivinhema-MS no seu curso inferior corre sobre depósitos aluviais, quaternários, planícies e terraços do rio Paraná. Possui três confluências que deságuam no rio Paraná; é um rio multicanal e cada um possui características próprias de hidrodinâmica, de transporte de sedimentos, de velocidade de fluxos e de processos geomorfológicos; cada confluência tem suas próprias características. As confluências foram dividas em seções transversais numeradas de jusante para montante de 1, 2 etc. Foram verificados ainda dados sobre velocidade e direção dos fluxos e vazão do canal. Coletaram-se amostras de carga de fundo junto às margens e no meio do canal. O reconhecimento da área ocorreu por meio do sensoriamento remoto, aerofotos e cartas topográficas. Mapas batimétricos foram gerados por dados obtidos por uma ecossonda da marca Furuno GP-1650-F, acoplada a um GPS Sistema de Posicionamento Global. Constatou-se ao final da pesquisa que a área de escavamento se fez presente nas confluências estudadas. A vazão e as velocidades dos canais secundários não determinam os vórtices de limpeza na área de escavamento, devendo atribuir ao processo de mistura das águas. O rio Paraná movimenta grandes quantidades de carga de fundo durante o ano, sendo mais intenso nas cheias quando a areia hidrotransportada promove grandes alterações geomorfológicas ocorrendo também o transporte de areia grossa e cascalhos nas seções mais velozes e deposição de lama nas áreas represadas pelos rios e nas margens de ambos os rios em contato com a planície, indicando que a mesma é a principal fonte de fornecimento desta fração granulométrica pelos processos erosivos. No rio Ivinhema-MS, areia grossa e cascalho têm origem no processo erosivo das cascalheiras; a carga de fundo predominante na área da pesquisa é de areia proveniente da Formação Caiuá e da Formação Botucatu, presentes em toda bacia hidrográfica do rio Paraná e transporta por ele e seus.
AS HEPATITES VIRAIS NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DOS SEUS TERRITÓRIOS
Authors: Farias Cleilton Sampaio de , Luz Maurício R. M. P. da , Oliveira Ricardo Antunes Dantas de 
Published: March 2019

As hepatites virais são doenças provocadas por diferentes agentes etiológicos que afetam particularmente o fígado. No Brasil, estudos indicaram a prevalência heterogênea das diferentes hepatites: de 39,5% da infecção prévia pelo VHA; de 7,4% da infecção prévia pelo VHB; de 0,37% do portador crônico do VHB e de 1,38% da infecção pelo VHC. No entanto, são escassos ou inexistem estudos sobre a distribuição das hepatites virais pelas unidades da federação com o uso de mapas. Assim, objetiva-se mapear a ocorrência das hepatites virais A, B, C e D, no período de 2010 a 2014, por meio de indicadores e propondo hipóteses iniciais para explicar sua territorialização, seu território e suas territorialidades. Para isso, analisou-se a ocorrência das hepatites virais por meio dos casos confirmados e das taxas de incidências, a partir de dados obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN e realizou-se o mapeamento com o software QGIS. A análise possibilitou o entendimento do mapa das hepatites virais no Brasil e permitiu perceber que as suas relações estão especialmente territorializadas na região Norte onde se encontram os seus principais territórios, com destaque para o Acre, que registrou as maiores incidências das hepatites A, B e D e a segunda maior da hepatite C. Esse trabalho pode auxiliar no planejamento das ações de saúde e indicar os locais prioritários para investimento em educação, habitação, saneamento básico e educação relacionadas às hepatites virais.
Vida fabricada: Reptes científics i socials de la biologia sintètica
Authors: Porcar Manuel , Peretó Juli 
Published: March 2019

Des que la biologia es va secularitzar i inicià l’escrutini molecular de la vida, la possibilitat de la síntesi artificial de cèl·lules vivents en un laboratori fou palpable. La biologia sintètica contemporània aspira a dissenyar i fabricar noves formes de vida amb la intenció d’obtenir beneficis socials i econòmics, tot i que no s’ha de descartar que també obtindrem, per la via sintètica, recompenses científiques en termes d’una major comprensió de la complexitat biològica a les quals no podríem accedir per la via analítica. És clar, per tant, que biologia sintètica és un terme que desperta expectatives, però no és menys cert que també provoca inquietud. En aquest article partim d’una crítica de la identificació de les cèl·lules amb les màquines per a discutir l’abast dels esforços per estandarditzar la biologia sintètica i exposem també algunes implicacions socials derivades dels intents de fabricar la vida.
Avaliação do desempenho da investigação aplicada no Ensino Superior Politécnico: construção de um modelo
Authors: Patrício Maria Teresa , Alves João Emílio , Alves Elisa , Mourato Joaquim , Santos Patrícia , Valente Rui Pulido 
Published: March 2019

Apresenta-se um modelo de avaliação de desempenho da investigação aplicada nas instituições de ensino superior politécnico (IESP) em Portugal, centrado na construção de indicadores quantitativos e qualitativos, na missão destas instituições, bem como no impacto regional decorrente da sua ação. O modelo, apurado a partir de três estudos de caso, organiza-se em três dimensões: inputs, outputs e impactos da investigação aplicada. Inova por representar uma perspetiva holística da avaliação da produção académica, em particular das IESP. A inexistência de modelos de avaliação deste tipo no ensino superior português coloca, porém, desafios ao seu desenho, à recolha de informação e ao próprio modo de funcionamento das IESP (financiamento, organização, etc.).
Isolation of cancer stem cells by selection for miR-302 expressing cells
Authors: Rahimi Karim , Füchtbauer Annette C. , Fathi Fardin , Mowla Seyed J. , Füchtbauer Ernst-Martin 
Published: March 2019

Background
Cancer stem cells are believed to be a major reason for long-term therapy failure because they are multi-drug resistant and able to rest mitotically inactive in the hypoxic center of tumors. Due to their variable number and their often low proliferation rate, cancer stem cells are difficult to purify in decent quantities and to grow in cell culture systems, where they are easily outcompeted by faster growing more ‘differentiated’, i.e., less stem cell-like tumor cells.

Methods
Here we present a proof of principle study based on the idea to select cancer stem cells by means of the expression of a stem cell-specific gene. A selectable egfp-neo coding sequence was inserted in the last exon of the non-coding murine miR-302 host gene. As a stem cell specific regulatory element, 2.1 kb of the genomic region immediately upstream of the miR-302 host gene transcription start site was used. Stable transgenic CJ7 embryonic stem cells were used to induce teratomas.

Results
After three weeks, tumors were removed for analysis and primary cultures were established. Stem cell-like cells were selected from these culture based on G418 selection. When the selection was removed, stem cell morphology and miR-302 expression were rapidly lost, indicating that it was not the original ES cells that had been isolated.

Conclusions
We show the possibility to use drug resistance expressed from a regulatory sequence of a stem cell-specific marker, to isolate and propagate cancer stem cells that otherwise might be hidden in the majority of tumor cells.
Effects of Fermenter Technology on the Yield of Various Crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Authors: . Asmatullah , Khan Ayesha , Parvaiz Urbooba , Ullah Rehmat 
Published: March 2019

The principle objective of this research was to investigate the effects of fermenter technology on yield of various cash crops grown in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 128 farmers using fermenter technology in six districts of Malakand division were the universes of the study.50.8% of the farmers using fermenter were holding a land between the groups of 1.6 to 2.5 hectares. Majority of the farmer’s 84.4% source of awareness about the fermenter technology were extension worker. Major cash crops grown by the respondents in the study area were tomato, onion and wheat. T-test results reveal a highly significant (P=0.000) increase in yield of tomato, onion and wheat. On average 1668.868 kg ha-1 increased were recorded in tomato, 1293.478 kg ha-1 increased in onion and 98.791 kg ha-1 in wheat crop. The finding of study suggests that various crops yield were increased with adopting fermenter technology. So the fermenter technology should be promoted and imparted to the entire farming community to meet with the increasing demand.
Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Concise Update on Clinical, Diagnostic and Integrative and Alternative Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Qureshi Naseem A. , Alsubaie Hamoud A. , Ali Gazzaffi I. M. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome is a common multifactorial condition that presents with key manifestations and comorbid with many systemic diseases and regional pain syndromes. Objective: This study aims to concisely review clinical, diagnostic and integrative therapeutic aspects of myofascial pain syndrome.
Methods: E-searches (2000-2019) using keywords and Boolean operators were made and using exclusion and inclusion criteria, 50 full articles that focused on myofascial pain syndrome were retained for this review.
Results: Myofascial pain syndrome is a multidimensional musculoskeletal disorder with ill-understood etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology and characterized by tender taut muscle with myofascial trigger points, muscle twitch response, specific pattern of referred pain and autonomic symptoms. A variety of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies with variable efficacy are used in myofascial pain syndrome, the latter modalities such as education, stretching and exercises, moist hot and cold packs, dry needling and myofascial massage or myofascial trigger point massage are used as first line options.
Conclusion: Myofascial pain syndrome and trigger points initiated by repeated strains and injuries co-occur with diverse physical diseases and regional pain syndromes, which need comprehensive diagnostic evaluation using multiple methods. Several interventions are used in patients with myofascial pain syndrome who effectively respond to myofascial massage. This study calls for exploring etiopathogenesis and basic pathophysiological mechanisms underlying myofascial pain syndrome in future.
Effect of Storage Temperature and Preservatives on the Stability and Quality of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms Herbal Health Drinks
Authors: MinhThu Nguyen , Son Hoang Le 
Published: March 2019

Aims: Polyscias fruticosa has been well-known as a traditional medicinal herb which shares the same function as ginseng, favorable for their antioxidant capacity. In this study, the herbal health drink had been developed based on the Polyscias fruticosa extract. The effect of preservatives and storage temperature on the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and total saponin content were investigated over the period of 16 weeks.
Methodology: Polyscias fruticosa extract based herbal drinks were formulated. Potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate were used as preservatives while storage temperature was set at 4 and 250C. Determination of total phenolic content was performed by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Meanwhile, analysis of total flavonoid and saponin content was conducted by colorimetric methods.
Results: In general, the effect of preservatives and storage temperature on the concentration of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content can clearly be seen after 6 weeks, while significant difference in concentration of total saponin content had been evidenced from week 11. Typically, The concentration of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total saponin content in formulas added preservatives and kept at 4°C were measured at 2.80±0.26 mg GAE/g, 8.24±0.44 mg CE/g and 20.29±0.27 mg OAE/g after 16 weeks, respectively; however, without adding preservatives and stored at 25°C, these components were found at a value of 1.77±0.1 mg GAE/g, 0.0±0.28 mg CE/g, 14.63±0.59 mg OAE/g, respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, the presence of preservatives and fridge temperature (4°C) has been the optimal condition to maintain the quantity of biological phytocomponents in herbal health drink; however, the addition of preservatives and storage temperature should be taken into consideration depending on the storage time of herbal drink.
Stack Pressure Enhanced Size Threshold of Si Anode Fracture in All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Menglin , Xue Dingchuan , Rong Zhaoyu , Fang Ruyue , Wang Bo , Liang Yali , Zhang Xuedong , Huang Qiao , Wang Zhenyu , Zhu Lingyun , Zhang Liqiang , Tang Yongfu , Zhang Sulin , Huang Jianyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) has long captured the spotlight as an anode candidate for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its exceptionally high theoretical capacity and abundant availability. However, chemomechanical failure of larger‐sized Si has plagued its electrochemical performance. Herein the presence of a stack pressure‐dependent size effect of Si particles in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) is unveiled that can be harnessed to overcome the chemomechanical failure of Si. Remarkably, the application of stack pressure, necessary to enhance interface contact and charge transfer in ASSBs, shifts the size threshold from nanometer scale observed in liquid electrolyte batteries to the microscale in ASSBs. The essence of the stack pressure‐dependent size effect is the suppression of the Hoop stress that causes the fracture of Si particles during lithiation by the applied external stress. This revelation offers an effective strategy to optimize the size of Si for the desired electrochemical performance in ASSBs. These findings provide invaluable insights that offer indispensable guidance for mitigating Si anode failure in ASSBs, ultimately advancing the next‐generation high‐performance Si‐based ASSBs.
All‐Mg3Sb2‐Based Module for Thermoelectric Power Generation
Authors: Hu Jinsuo , Sun Yuxin , Wu Hao , Yu Zhiyuan , Zhu Jianbo , Guo Fengkai , Liu Zihang , Cai Wei , Sui Jiehe 
Published: November 2024

Abstractn‐Type Mg3(Sb, Bi)2 shows great prospects in mid‐temperature power generation due to its extraordinary thermoelectric (TE) performance, low‐cost, and environment‐friendly attributes. However, its practical application is hindered by the slow progress of its p‐type counterpart. Herein, a high ZT of ≈0.9 at 773 K is achieved for p‐type Na0.01Mg1.7Zn1Yb0.25Sb2 through manipulation of the electronic transport properties. Then thermal expansion matched barrier material Fe75Sb25 is subtly obtained for Na0.01Mg1.7Zn1Yb0.25Sb2. The contact resistivity no longer increases significantly after aging for 72 hours at 673 K and tends to stabilize, remaining below ≈17 µΩ cm2 after 168 hours. Paired with the high‐performance n‐type Mg3(Sb, Bi)2, the transient liquid phase bonding technique is adopted to connect the hot side of the all‐Mg3Sb2‐based legs to electrode at low temperature, which enables service at high temperature. This all‐Mg3Sb2‐based module displays a high efficiency of ≈8.3% at a temperature difference of ≈430 K and shows good thermal stability when the hot side temperature is maintained at 673 K. This work merits the great potential of the all‐Mg3Sb2‐based device for heat recovery.