bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KOMUNIKASI TRANSBUDAYA PONDOK PESANTREN: KAJIAN TEORETIS DALAM PARADIGMA KONSTRUKTIVIS
Authors: Wazis Kun 
Published: May 2018

An intercultural communication that occurs in a boarding school (pesantren) environment is a unique phenomenon. A number of pesantrens in Indonesia apply a pattern of multicultural education. Therefore, their students (santri) understand different culture of students who come from different cultural background. Through literature review and theoretical studies in constructivist paradigm, it can reveal a number of interesting scientific realities about transcultural communication of boarding schools in Indonesia. First, the students of different cultures understand each other and they make friends well during their study at the pesantren. Secondly, kyai has a strong influence in conveying messages of intercultural communication among santri by using pesantren symbols. Third, pesantren cultivation develops multicultural education based on Islamic teachings that understand plurality in human relations. Fourth, the boarding school environment can communicate a multicultural communication message through pesantren network, both national and international so they can build the spirit of togetherness in the diversity.
Sürdürülebilir Çevre İçin Arı Farkındalığı Yaratılmasında "Arı Biziz Bal Da Bizdedir" Projesinin Yeri
Authors: KEKEÇOĞLU Meral 
Published: May 2018

Bal arısı
bal, polen, arı sütü ve propolis gibi arı ürünlerinin üretimi nedeniyle insan
yaşamında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bundan daha önemlisi doğal tozlaşmada en
fazla etkili böcek grubu olarak geleceğin besin güvencesidir. Ancak ne yazık ki
çocuklarımız arı iğnesi ile sokar korkusu ile büyümekte ve bu korkuyla büyüyen
çocuklar arıların doğa ve doğal sürdürülebilirlik açısından önemini fark
edememektedir. Böcekler içinde önemli bir yere sahip olan bal arılarını
çocuklara tanıtmak bilgilendirerek sevdirmek ve bu şekilde farkındalık yaratmak
üzere TÜBİTAK Bilim ve Toplum Projeleri kapsamında “Arı Biziz Bal da Bizdedir”
projesi yapıldı. Projenin amacı çocuklara bal arısını ve onun insan yaşamı ve
ekolojik dengedeki fonksiyonunu kavratmaktır. Proje yaş grubuna yönelik olarak
teorik ve uygulamalı eğitimler şeklinde, toplam 80 katılımcı (4 grup, her
grupta 20 kişi) ile gerçekleştirildi. Her gruba eğitim öncesinde ve sonrasında
arılarla ilgili mevcut bilişsel, duyuşsal becerilerini, ekosentrik ve
antroposentrik bakış açılarını ve eğitim sonunda edindikleri kazanımları
belirlemek amacıyla ön test ve son test uygulamaları yapıldı. Başarı testi ve
resim çalışmalarından elde edilen bulgulara göre araştırma kapsamında amaçlanan
arılar ile ilgili bilişsel farkındalıklarının önemli düzeyde arttığı sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.
BURSA İLİNDE SATIŞA SUNULMUŞ BALLARIN NAFTALİN KALINTISI YÖNÜNDEN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TOSUNOĞLU Hakan 
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada Bursa
ilinde satışa sunulmuş olan balların naftalin kalıntısı yönünden durumlarının
ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda piyasadan alınan 45 bal
örneği Katı Faz Mikro Ekstraksiyon yöntemi ile ekstrakte edilip GC-MS cihazında
analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda çalışılan hiçbir örnekte tespit limiti olan
2 µg/kg değerinin üzerinde naftalin kalıntısına rastlanmamıştır. Bu sonuçlar
geçmiş yıllarda ülkemiz ballarında önemli bir sorun olan naftalin kalıntısı
probleminin ortadan kalkmaya başladığını düşündürmesi nedeniyle önemli
bulunmuştur.
Outcomes and Challenges of A PD-First Program, A South-African Perspective
Authors: Davidson Bianca , Crombie Kenneth , Manning Kathryn , Rayner Brian , Wearne Nicola 
Published: May 2018

Background South Africa (SA) currently performs the most peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Africa. Yet outcome data on PD programs on the continent are limited. With the escalating need for renal replacement, PD remains a life-saving modality especially as hemodialysis is limited in the public sector. This study aims to evaluate and report the outcomes of a PD-First program performed in a resource-limited setting and identify factors linked to poor outcomes. Methods This observational cohort study was performed at Groote Schuur Hospital, analyzing all PD patients retrospectively from January 2008 to June 2014 and thereafter prospectively until June 2015. Variables included demographics, adequacy, modality, fluid status, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The influence of these variables on peritonitis rate, technique survival, and patient survival was assessed. Results In total, 230 patients were initiated on PD, 31 of whom excluded as they were on PD for < 90 days. The mean age was 39.7 ± 10.4 years (standard deviation [SD]), 49.8% were male, 63.8% were mixed ancestry and 9.8 % were diabetic at dialysis initiation. The average length of time on PD was 17 months (interquartile range [IQR] 8 – 32). The peritonitis rate was 0.87 (confidence interval [CI] 7.8 – 9.7) events per patient year. The 1-, 2- and 5-year patient and technique survival was 91.3%, 79.6%, 50.2% and 85.0%, 75.2%, 45.0%, respectively. Diabetes subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) 3.16 (95% CI 1.34 – 7.45, p = 0.009) strongly predicted an increased cumulative incidence for death when accounting for competing risks. African ethnicity SHR 2.16 (95% CI 1.26 – 3.71, p = 0.005) was a strong predictor of increased cumulative incidence for technique failure. Conclusions In our PD-First program the results are encouraging, despite the lack of home visits due to safety, resource limitations, and a high disease burden. Technique failure in the African race needs further evaluation. Peritoneal dialysis remains a viable, life-saving alternative in an African setting.
Ultrasound-Guided Oblique Sub-Costal Transversus Abdominis Plane Block as the Principal Anesthesia Technique in Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Implantation and Plasma Ropivacaine Concentration Evaluation in Esrd Patients: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Zi , Tang Xiao Hong , Li Qi , Zhang Wen-juan , Tao Tian , Zhu Tao 
Published: May 2018

Background The ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is generally used for analgesia but not for anesthesia. A TAP block has a partial analgesic effect on the parietal peritoneum in abdominal surgeries. We hypothesized that an ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal TAP block, used as the principal anesthesia technique, could provide a better anesthetic effect on peritoneum stimulation in peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) implantation in end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients than local anesthetic infiltration (LAI). Methods End-stage renal disease patients undergoing PDC implantation were randomized into 3 groups: LAI Group, unilateral TAP group (Uni-TAP Group) and bilateral TAP group (Bi-TAP Group). A 40-mL dose of 0.25% ropivacaine was used for the regional block (LAI or TAP). The quality of anesthesia, visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, cumulative rescuing sufentanil consumption, and venous plasma ropivacaine concentrations were compared among the 3 groups. Results Sixty-nine patients were enrolled, and higher ‘Satisfied’ anesthesia rates from nephrologists and patients were recorded in the 2 TAP groups, compared with the LAI Group. Significantly lower VAS scores were observed in the Uni-TAP Group at a majority of time points compared with the LAI Group. Less cumulative rescuing sufentanil was used in the 2 TAP groups (2.5 ± 2.7 and 3.0 ± 2.8 μg, respectively) compared with the LAI Group (5.8 ± 2.6 μg, p < 0.05). The median peak venous plasma ropivacaine concentrations were below the reported toxic threshold in all 3 groups. Conclusions As the principal anesthesia technique, an ultrasound-guided unilateral oblique subcostal TAP block with 40 mL of 0.25% ropivacaine provided better anesthetic effect in PDC implantations in ESRD patients than LAI.
Circumnuclear Star Formation and AGN Activity: Clues from Surface Brightness Radial Profile of PAHs and [
S
IV
]
Authors: Esparza-Arredondo Donaji , González-Martín Omaira , Dultzin Deborah , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , Almeida Cristina Ramos , Díaz-Santos Tanio , García-Bernete Ismael , Martinez-Paredes Mariela , Rodríguez-Espinosa Jose Miguel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We studied the circumnuclear mid-IR emission in a sample of 19 local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with high spatial resolution spectra using T-ReCS (Gemini) and CanariCam (GTC), together with Spitzer/IRS observations. We measured the flux and the equivalent width for the 11.3 μm PAH feature and the [S iv] line emission as a function of galactocentric distance. This allowed us to study the star formation (SF) at subkiloparsec scales from the nucleus for a large sample of nearby AGNs. The [S iv] line emission could be tracing the AGN radiation field within a few thousand times the sublimation radius (R
sub), but it often peaks at distances greater than 1000 R
sub. One possibility is that the SF is contributing to the [S iv] total flux. We found an 11.3 μm PAH emission deficit within the inner few tens of parsecs from the AGN. This deficit might be due to the destruction of the molecules responsible for this feature or the lack of SF at these distances. We found a sensible agreement in the expected shift of the relation of the AGN bolometric luminosity and the SF rate. This indicates that numerical models attributing the link between AGN activity and host galaxy growth to mergers are in agreement with our data, for most inner galaxy parts.
Persistent X-Ray Emission from ASASSN-15lh: Massive Ejecta and Pre-SLSN Dense Wind?
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Zhuo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The persistent soft X-ray emission from the location of the most luminous supernova (SN) so far, ASASSN-15lh (or SN 2015L), with

, is puzzling. We show that it can be explained by radiation from electrons accelerated by the SN shock inverse-Compton scattering the intense UV photons. The non-detection in radio requires strong free–free absorption in the dense medium. In these interpretations, the circumstellar medium is derived to be a wind (n ∝ R
−2) with mass-loss rate of

, and the initial velocity of the bulk SN ejecta is

. These constraints imply a massive ejecta mass of

in ASASSN-15lh, and a strong wind ejected by the progenitor star within

yr before explosion.
The Black Hole Masses and Eddington Ratios of Type 2 Quasars
Authors: Kong Minzhi , Ho Luis C. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Type 2 quasars are an important constituent of active galaxies, possibly representing the evolutionary precursors of traditionally studied type 1 quasars. We characterize the black hole (BH) mass (M
BH) and Eddington ratio (L
bol/L
Edd) for 669 type 2 quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, using BH masses estimated from the M
BH–σ
* relation and bolometric corrections scaled from the extinction-corrected [O iii] λ5007 luminosity. When stellar velocity dispersions cannot be measured directly from the spectra, we estimate them from the core velocity dispersions of the narrow emission lines [O ii] λλ3726, 3729, [S ii] λλ6716, 6731, and [O iii] λ5007, which are shown to trace the gravitational potential of the stars. Energy input from the active nucleus still imparts significant perturbations to the gas kinematics, especially to high-velocity, blueshifted wings. Nonvirial motions in the gas become most noticeable in systems with high Eddington ratios. The BH masses of our sample of type 2 quasars range from M
BH ≈ 106.5 to 1010.4
M
⊙ (median 108.2
M
⊙). Type 2 quasars have characteristically large Eddington ratios (L
bol/L
Edd ≈ 10−2.9–101.8; median 10−0.7), slightly higher than in type 1 quasars of similar redshift; the luminosities of ∼20% of the sample formally exceed the Eddington limit. The high Eddington ratios may be consistent with the notion that obscured quasars evolve into unobscured quasars.
Alignment between Satellite and Central Galaxies in the SDSS DR7: Dependence on Large-scale Environment
Authors: Wang Peng , Luo Yu , Kang Xi , Libeskind Noam I. , Wang Lei , Zhang Youcai , Tempel Elmo , Guo Quan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The alignment between satellites and central galaxies has been studied in detail both in observational and theoretical works. The widely accepted fact is that satellites preferentially reside along the major axis of their central galaxy. However, the origin and large-scale environmental dependence of this alignment are still unknown. In an attempt to determine these variables, we use data constructed from Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR7 to investigate the large-scale environmental dependence of this alignment with emphasis on examining the alignment’s dependence on the color of the central galaxy. We find a very strong large-scale environmental dependence of the satellite–central alignment (SCA) in groups with blue centrals. Satellites of blue centrals in knots are preferentially located perpendicular to the major axes of the centrals, and the alignment angle decreases with environment, namely, when going from knots to voids. The alignment angle strongly depends on the

color of centrals. We suggest that the SCA is the result of a competition between satellite accretion within large-scale structure (LSS) and galaxy evolution inside host halos. For groups containing red central galaxies, the SCA is mainly determined by the evolution effect, while for blue central dominated groups, the effect of the LSS plays a more important role, especially in knots. Our results provide an explanation for how the SCA forms within different large-scale environments. The perpendicular case in groups and knots with blue centrals may also provide insight into understanding similar polar arrangements, such as the formation of the Milky Way and Centaurus A’s satellite system.
Planet-driven Spiral Arms in Protoplanetary Disks. I. Formation Mechanism
Authors: Bae Jaehan , Zhu Zhaohuan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Protoplanetary disk simulations show that a single planet can excite more than one spiral arm, possibly explaining the recent observations of multiple spiral arms in some systems. In this paper, we explain the mechanism by which a planet excites multiple spiral arms in a protoplanetary disk. Contrary to previous speculations, the formation of both primary and additional arms can be understood as a linear process when the planet mass is sufficiently small. A planet resonantly interacts with epicyclic oscillations in the disk, launching spiral wave modes around the Lindblad resonances. When a set of wave modes is in phase, they can constructively interfere with each other and create a spiral arm. More than one spiral arm can form because such constructive interference can occur for different sets of wave modes, with the exact number and launching position of the spiral arms being dependent on the planet mass as well as the disk temperature profile. Nonlinear effects become increasingly important as the planet mass increases, resulting in spiral arms with stronger shocks and thus larger pitch angles. This is found to be common for both primary and additional arms. When a planet has a sufficiently large mass (≳3 thermal masses for (h/r)
p
= 0.1), only two spiral arms form interior to its orbit. The wave modes that would form a tertiary arm for smaller mass planets merge with the primary arm. Improvements in our understanding of the formation of spiral arms can provide crucial insights into the origin of observed spiral arms in protoplanetary disks.
Simulation of the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure Increase in 2014 and Its Effect on Energetic Neutral Atom Fluxes from the Heliosphere
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , Heerikhuisen J. , McComas D. J. , Pogorelov N. V. , Reisenfeld D. B. , Szalay J. R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In late 2014, the solar wind dynamic pressure increased by ∼50% over a relatively short time (∼6 months). In early 2017, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) observed an increase in heliospheric energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes from directions near the front of the heliosphere. These enhanced ENA emissions resulted from the increase in SW pressure propagating through the inner heliosheath (IHS), affecting the IHS plasma pressure and emission of ∼keV ENA fluxes. We expand on the analysis by McComas et al. on the effects of this pressure change on ENA fluxes observed at 1 au using a three-dimensional, time-dependent simulation of the heliosphere. The pressure front has likely already crossed the termination shock (TS) in all directions, but ENA fluxes observed at 1 au will change over the coming years, as the TS, heliopause, and IHS plasma pressure continue to change in response to the SW pressure increase. Taken in isolation, the pressure front creates a “ring” of increasing ENA fluxes projected in the sky that expands in angular radius over time, as a function of the distances to the heliosphere boundaries and the ENA propagation speed. By tracking the position of this ring over time in our simulation, we demonstrate a method for estimating the distances to the TS, heliopause, and ENA source region that can be applied to IBEX data. This will require IBEX observations at 4.3 keV up through ∼2020, and longer times at lower ENA energies, in order to observe significant changes from the heliotail.
Species Entropies in the Kinetic Range of Collisionless Plasma Turbulence: Particle-in-cell Simulations
Authors: Gary S. Peter , Zhao Yinjian , Hughes R. Scott , Wang Joseph , Parashar Tulasi N. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of the forward cascade of decaying turbulence in the relatively short-wavelength kinetic range have been carried out as initial-value problems on collisionless, homogeneous, magnetized electron-ion plasma models. The simulations have addressed both whistler turbulence at β

i
= β

e
= 0.25 and kinetic Alfvén turbulence at β

i
= β

e
= 0.50, computing the species energy dissipation rates as well as the increase of the Boltzmann entropies for both ions and electrons as functions of the initial dimensionless fluctuating magnetic field energy density ε

o
in the range 0 ≤ ε

o
≤ 0.50. This study shows that electron and ion entropies display similar rates of increase and that all four entropy rates increase approximately as ε

o
, consistent with the assumption that the quasilinear premise is valid for the initial conditions assumed for these simulations. The simulations further predict that the time rates of ion entropy increase should be substantially greater for kinetic Alfvén turbulence than for whistler turbulence.
A Simplified Ab Initio Cosmic-ray Modulation Model with Simulated Time Dependence and Predictive Capability
Authors: Moloto K. D. , Engelbrecht N. E. , Burger R. A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
A simplified ab initio approach is followed to model cosmic-ray proton modulation, using a steady-state three-dimensional stochastic solver of the Parker transport equation that simulates some effects of time dependence. Standard diffusion coefficients based on Quasilinear Theory and Nonlinear Guiding Center Theory are employed. The spatial and temporal dependences of the various turbulence quantities required as inputs for the diffusion, as well as the turbulence-reduced drift coefficients, follow from parametric fits to results from a turbulence transport model as well as from spacecraft observations of these turbulence quantities. Effective values are used for the solar wind speed, magnetic field magnitude, and tilt angle in the modulation model to simulate temporal effects due to changes in the large-scale heliospheric plasma. The unusually high cosmic-ray intensities observed during the 2009 solar minimum follow naturally from the current model for most of the energies considered. This demonstrates that changes in turbulence contribute significantly to the high intensities during that solar minimum. We also discuss and illustrate how this model can be used to predict future cosmic-ray intensities, and comment on the reliability of such predictions.
Livre culte, livre maudit : Histoire du Devoir de violence de Yambo Ouologuem
Authors: Orban Jean-Pierre 
Published: May 2018

En septembre 1968, paraît aux Éditions du Seuil le roman d’un jeune Malien inconnu de vingt-huit ans : Yambo Ouologuem. Le 18 novembre suivant, Le Devoir de violence obtient le premier prix Renaudot attribué à un écrivain africain. Son succès est rapide et, traduit dans dix langues, l’ouvrage dépasse les frontières, des États-Unis au Japon. Mais le 5 mai 1972, le Times Literary Supplement (TLS) londonien accuse l’auteur de plagiat à l’encontre de l’écrivain britannique Graham Greene. Un scandale éclate. Il poursuivra Yambo Ouologuem jusqu’à sa mort en 2017. Cinquante ans après la première édition du Devoir de violence et alors que le roman reparaît au Seuil dans la collection « Cadre Rouge » qui l’avait accueilli à l’origine, quarante-six ans, mois pour mois, après le début de l’« Affaire Ouologuem » dans le TLS, qu’en est-il du bien ou mal-fondé des rumeurs qui ont surgi, en sens divers, sur la genèse et le traitement éditorial de ce livre culte devenu livre maudit ? S’appuyant sur le seul dossier solide à ce jour, celui des archives du Seuil déposées à l’IMEC (Institut Mémoires de l’Édition contemporaine) et rendues publiques pour la première fois, cette étude vise à relater, sur la seule base des documents disponibles, en réduisant au minimum les extrapolations risquées et les interprétations hâtives, l’histoire du Devoir de violence et, à travers elle, de son auteur, depuis ses premières approches des Éditions du Seuil en 1963 jusqu’à sa retraite définitive au Mali vers 1976. Et son enfermement dans le silence public.
Retinoic Acid Signaling in Thymic Epithelial Cells Regulates Thymopoiesis
Authors: Wendland Kerstin , Niss Kristoffer , Kotarsky Knut , Wu Nikita Y. H. , White Andrea J. , Jendholm Johan , Rivollier Aymeric , Izarzugaza Jose M. G. , Brunak Søren , Holländer Georg A. , Anderson Graham , Sitnik Katarzyna M. , Agace William W. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Despite the essential role of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) in T cell development, the signals regulating TEC differentiation and homeostasis remain incompletely understood. In this study, we show a key in vivo role for the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), in TEC homeostasis. In the absence of RA signaling in TEC, cortical TEC (cTEC) and CD80loMHC class IIlo medullary TEC displayed subset-specific alterations in gene expression, which in cTEC included genes involved in epithelial proliferation, development, and differentiation. Mice whose TEC were unable to respond to RA showed increased cTEC proliferation, an accumulation of stem cell Ag-1hi cTEC, and, in early life, a decrease in medullary TEC numbers. These alterations resulted in reduced thymic cellularity in early life, a reduction in CD4 single-positive and CD8 single-positive numbers in both young and adult mice, and enhanced peripheral CD8+ T cell survival upon TCR stimulation. Collectively, our results identify RA as a regulator of TEC homeostasis that is essential for TEC function and normal thymopoiesis.