bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical mandibular asymmetry in angle’s class II subdivision malocclusion
Authors: siddiqui Shireen , Tikku Tripti , Srivastava Kamna , Verma Snehlata , Khanna Rohit 
Published: November 2024

To evaluate and compare vertical mandibular asymmetry like condylar, ramal and condylar plus ramal mandibular vertical asymmetry using asymmetry indices among subjects with Angle’s class II subdivision malocclusion and subjects with Angle’s class I malocclusion from Orthopantomogram. Asymmetries in the lower third of the face are mainly due to mandibular asymmetries because of asymmetry in the height of condyle and ramus. As there is morphological variability in jaw bases in different malocclusion, it is anticipated that there will be variability in mandibular asymmetry. Considering this, it is decided to assess mandibular asymmetry in subjects with Angle’s class II subdivision and compare with subjects with Angle’s class I malocclusion. A total of 40 subjects coming to the department of orthodontics for fixed orthodontic treatment were equally divided into two groups i.e., Angle’s class II subdivision malocclusion group and Angle’s class I malocclusion group have selected (clinical examination) to assess type of malocclusion after screening of 80 subjects. Orthopantomogram of these subjects were taken before start of treatment and condylar height (CH), ramal height (RH), total height (RH) and mandibular asymmetry Index by Habet’s formula were evaluated. Data was obtained and subjected to statistical analysis. For group I and group II, CH (L&#62;R), RH (R&#62;L) and TH (L&#62;R) but the difference was statistically significant only for condylar height of group II. Asymmetry indices did not show any significant difference between group I and group II. As mandibular asymmetry not show any significant difference between group I and group II hence it can be suggested that mandibular asymmetry in subjects with class II subdivision group was dentoalveolar in nature not skeletal.
Penerapan Terapi Islam Pada Kesehatan Mental Menggunakan Metode Tilawah Al-Quran
Authors: Irwan Diyas Albar , Putri Novi Anisa , Putri Khoirunnisa Cahyanti , Kibtyah Maryatul 
Published: November 2024

Abstrak: Kajian ini menganalisis konsep dan implementasi Aplikasi Terapi Islam melalui

metode Tilawah. Terapi Islam metode tilawah adalah suatu pendekatan terapi yang menggunakan bacaan Al-Quran sebagai sarana untuk penyembuhan dan pemulihan psikologis dan kesehatan mental. Terapi ini dilakukan dengan membaca, mendengarkan, dan merenungkan ayat-ayat Al-Quran serta memahami maknanya dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan hal tersebut individu dapat memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang tujuan hidup serta dapat menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam kehidupan. Penerapan terapi ini dapat membantu individu untuk mencapai keseimbangan emosionalnya, meningkatkan ketenangan jiwa, dan mengurangi stres dan kecemasan. Selain itu juga dapat membantu individu lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT, Dengan demikian penerapan metode terapi tilawah dapat mejadi salah satu alternatif yang efektif dalam upaya meningkatkan kesehatan mental dan kesejahteraan individu. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi efektivitas metode terapi tilawah sebagai pendekatan alternatif untuk penyembuhan pada individu yang mengalami masalah seperti stres, depresi, kesemasan dan gangguan kesehatan mental lainnya.
Not All Antiseptic Solutions Are Equivalent in Removing Biofilm
Authors: Chao Christina A. , Khilnani Tyler K. , Jo Suenghwan , Shenoy Aarti , Bostrom Mathias P.G. , Carli Alberto V. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Antiseptic solutions are commonly utilized during total joint arthroplasty (TJA) to prevent and treat periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The purpose of this study was to investigate which antiseptic solution is most effective against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Escherichia coli biofilms established in vitro on orthopaedic surfaces commonly utilized in total knee arthroplasty: cobalt-chromium (CC), oxidized zirconium (OxZr), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).

Methods:
MSSA and E. coli biofilms were grown on CC, OxZr, and PMMA discs for 24 and 72 hours. Biofilm-coated discs were treated with control or various antiseptic solutions for 3 minutes. Solutions included 10% povidone-iodine, a 1:1 mixture of 10% povidone-iodine plus 3% hydrogen peroxide, diluted povidone-iodine, 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate, and a surfactant-based formulation of ethanol, acetic acid, sodium acetate, benzalkonium chloride, and water. Following treatment, discs were sonicated to quantify adherent bacteria or underwent imaging with scanning electron microscopy to identify biofilm. Antiseptic solutions were considered efficacious if they produced a 3-log (1,000-fold) reduction in colony-forming units compared with controls.

Results:
On both OxZr and CC, 10% povidone-iodine with hydrogen peroxide eradicated all MSSA, and it achieved clinical efficacy on PMMA at both 24-hour MSSA biofilm (p < 0.0002) and 72-hour MSSA biofilm (p = 0.002). On 72-hour MSSA biofilm, 10% povidone-iodine eradicated all bacteria on OxZr and CC, and it achieved clinical efficacy on PMMA (p = 0.04). On 24-hour MSSA biofilm, 10% povidone-iodine achieved efficacy on all surfaces (all p < 0.01). The surfactant-based formulation only achieved clinical efficacy on 72-hour MSSA biofilms on CC (p = 0.04) and OxZr (p = 0.07). On 72-hour E. coli biofilm, 10% povidone-iodine with or without hydrogen peroxide achieved clinical efficacy on all surfaces. No other solution achieved clinical efficacy on either MSSA or E. coli.

Conclusions:
Antiseptic solutions vary considerably in efficacy against bacterial biofilm. The 10% povidone-iodine solution with or without hydrogen peroxide consistently removed MSSA and E. coli biofilms on multiple orthopaedic surfaces and should be considered for clinical use.

Clinical Relevance:
Clinicians should be aware of the differences in the efficacy of antiseptic solutions on different orthopaedic surfaces when treating MSSA or E. coli biofilms.
The Impact of Sustained Outreach Efforts on Gender Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Buckley Jenni M. , Dearolf Laura M. , Wood Lily , Agel Julie , Van Heest Ann E. , Lattanza Lisa L. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Orthopaedic surgery is one of the least gender-diverse surgical specialties, with only 7% women in practice and 20.4% in residency. There are numerous “leaks” in the talent pipeline for women orthopaedic surgeons that lead to the field as a whole falling short of a critical mass (30%) of women. For over a decade, a network of professional and nonprofit organizations, including the Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society, The Perry Initiative, Nth Dimensions, and others, have focused on targeted outreach and mentoring of women in the talent pipeline; they report a positive effect of these interventions on recruitment and retention of women in the field.

Methods:
In this study, we applied mathematical models to estimate the historic and future impacts of current outreach and hands-on exposure efforts to recruit more women into orthopaedic surgery. The model uses published data on program reach and impact from one of the largest and longest-running programs, The Perry Initiative, and combines it with AAMC and AAOS Census data. These data were used to forecast the percentage of women entering the profession as postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residents and among practicing orthopaedic surgeons.

Results:
The results of the mathematical models suggest that the increase in women in the PGY1 population from 14.7% to 20.9% from 2008 to 2022 is at least partially attributable to current mentoring and outreach efforts by The Perry Initiative and others. Assuming continued intervention at present levels, the PGY1 residency class will reach peak diversity of 28% women in 2028, and the field as a whole will reach a steady-state composition of approximately 25% practicing women orthopaedic surgeons by 2055.

Conclusions:
The results of this study indicate that outreach and exposure efforts, such as those of The Perry Initiative, are having a substantive impact on gender diversity in orthopaedic surgery. With continued intervention, the field as a whole should approach a critical mass of women within a generation. The collective efforts of the orthopaedics community over the past decade to close the gender gap serve as a guidebook for other professions seeking to diversify.
Desain Turbin Tesla Sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air
Authors: Marfizal Marfizal , Wardianto Dedi , Sufiyanto Sufiyanto , Yusuf Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini fokus pada desain Turbin Tesla Sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air sederhana, desain ini fokus pada dimensi dimensi utama Turbin Tesla seperti diameter, jarak , ketebalan disk dan komponen pendukung lainnya . Turbin tesla ini didesain untuk . Head 9,8 m dan debit 0,028 m3/s sehingga di peroleh dimensi disk : jarak antar disk , diameter disk , tebal disk aspect ratio , , jumlah disk . Untuk dimensi Nozel: Luas permukaan nozel , Diameter nozel , Lebar nozel Untuk rumah turbin di peroleh dimensi sebagai berikut : lebar rumah turbin , tinggi rumah turbin , Tebal dinding , Diameter rumah turbin , tebal rumah turbin

Kata Kunci : Desain, Turbin, Tesla, Disk
Direct measurement of brake wear particles from light-duty vehicle under real-world driving conditions
Authors: AlWasif-Ruiz Tawfiq , Suárez-Bertoa Ricardo , Sánchez-Martín José Alberto , Barrios-Sánchez Carmen Cecilia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

As tailpipe emissions have decreased, there is growing focus on the relative contribution of non-exhaust sources of vehicle emissions. Addressing these emissions is key to better evaluating and reducing vehicles’ impact on air quality and public health. Tailoring solutions for different non-exhaust sources, including brake emissions, is essential for achieving sustainable mobility. Studying emissions from vehicles in real-world scenarios provides a more understanding of their environmental impact compared to laboratory testing alone. This study presents findings on the direct measurement of brake particles and the characterization of this source of particulate matter in real-world conditions using a mobile laboratory. In situ measurements of particle concentration and size distribution showed good agreement with previous laboratory studies, indicating the suitability of the approach to investigate break particle emissions during real-world operation. The study demonstrates that particle size distributions can vary based on the temperature of the brake disk, which is influenced by the initial braking speed, with significant variations observed between speeds of 60, 80, 100, and 120 km/h. Particles with sizes between 6 nm and 523 nm were released into the air from the brake system, although it is likely that larger particles were also emitted but not captured due to the upper detection limit of the Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer. During harsh braking events, such as decelerations of 15 m/s2 from 120 km/h, a concentration of up 106 (#/cm3) was measured for particles under 8nm. Moreover, scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that nanoparticles are present in the form of agglomerates, whose shape can change depending on the formation process. Elements present in the particles comprised mainly iron, copper, and aluminium, indicating wear of the brake pad materials and disk components.
Evaluation of Chemical and Elemental Analyses of Airborne Particulate Matter in Nigeria
Authors: Ewona I. O , Ekah B. J , Akwagiobe J. U , Udo S. O , Rabiu B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This article evaluates air quality index (AQI) from toxic and heavy metal concentration across selected cities in Nigeria. Gravitational sedimentation method was used to collect air sediments to extract toxic and heavy metals present in airborne particulates. Funnel shaped collectors securely attached to clean empty containers were exposed in open spaces at designated locations within the city, for a period of nine months, covering the two major seasons in Nigeria (January to September, 2023). Airborne particles were allowed to settle naturally in the container along with rainwater. Samples from various points in a city were put together for laboratory analyses. This procedure was repeated in five other cities covering various geographical and climatic regions in Nigeria. The locations include: Benin, Lagos, Calabar in the South and Abuja, Enugu and kano in the North. The samples were analyzed for elemental concentration using spectroscopy. Data for PM 2.5 was donated by Penn State University purple air quality network in Nigeria. MATLAB, SPSS and MS excel software were used to prepare the data for analyses. Air quality indices for the studied locations were determined. The associated AQI colour codes reflect health concern levels. The results show maximum concentration values as follows: PM2.5 (1350), Pb (566), Ni (458), and Mn (443) indicate hazardous levels, Cd (183) indicates unhealthy levels, Fe (130) and Cr (106) show unhealthy levels for sensitive groups, K (86) shows moderate levels, while elements compounds like NO2 (32.83), Al (30), F (11), Cu (11.53), NO3 (4.16), CO (3.13), and Zn (1.43) fall within safer levels. The results further reveal that the air in Benin carries hazardous levels for Ni (550) and Pb (400), While Kano reveals very unhealthy levels of Pb (800) and Ni (490) levels in the air; Abuja air also has high levels of Pb (600) and Ni (490), while Lagos has high levels of Ni (430). Enugu on the other hand presents extremely high values for Mn (1600), Pb (500), and Ni (310).
Endophytic fungal culture induced ferulic acid biosynthesis and antibacterial activity in Kalanchoe daigremontiana cultivated in vitro
Authors: de Souza Khaoanny , Colauto Nelson Barros , Peiter Gabrielle Caroline , Schaker Patricia Dayane Carvalho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Kalanchoe daigremontiana is valued for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, mainly due to bioactive compounds like phenolic acids, including ferulic acid. Endophytic fungi can act as elicitors in tissue culture, enhancing compound production, promoting growth, and improving microbial control. This study aims to evaluate the compound profile, growth promotion, and antibacterial activity of K. daigremontiana plantlets grown in vitro in a culture medium supplemented with an antioxidant endophytic fungus from K. daigremontiana used as an elicitor. Sixteen endophytic fungal strains were recovered from mineral oil preservation and tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, with Alternaria alternata (strain 16) showing the highest activity. Identified through macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular methods, this strain was cultured and used as a biotic elicitor in Murashige-Skoog medium for K. daigremontiana explants. Extracts from elicited and non-elicited in vitro-cultivated plantlets, as well as non-elicited in vivo-cultivated plantlets, were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography for phenolic compounds and tested for antibacterial activity using microdilution method. Elicitation enhanced plantlet growth and altered the compound profile, with ferulic acid found exclusively in in vitro plantlets. Elicited in vitro plantlets showed the strongest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These results suggest that in vitro elicitation improves the growth and antibacterial properties of K. daigremontiana, offering a potential strategy to enhance bioactive compound production, particularly ferulic acid. This approach could be an alternative to manage systemic phytopathogens in vivo, particularly non-culturable ones, in other plants.
Attention-Driven Frequency-Based Zero-Shot Learning with Phase Augmentation
Authors: Yin Wanting , Ge Jiannan , Zhang Lei , Li Pandeng , Xie Hongtao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) aims to recognize unseen classes by aligning visual and semantic information. However, existing methods often struggle with noise in the RGB domain, which limits their ability to capture fine-grained semantic attributes, such as a grey bird's tail blending with the ground. This visual ambiguity in the RGB domain negatively impacts model performance. In contrast, the frequency domain can better capture high-frequency signals that are often overlooked in RGB, making areas that are easily confused in RGB more distinguishable.To address this issue, we propose a novel Frequency-based framework that transforms spatial features into the frequency domain, allowing for more robust attribute representation and improved noise suppression. The framework incorporates a Multi-Scale Frequency Fusion Module that integrates multi-scale feature maps with frequency domain attention, and a Phase-based Augmentation Module that enhances key attributes by augmenting phase information. Additionally, we introduce two novel modules: the Masked Residual Aggregation Module for combining global and local features and the Phase High-Frequency Filtering Module for image denoising. The Mean Class Accuracy results of our method on CUB, AWA2 and aPY datasets are 2.8%, 5.0%, and 7.4% higher than other methods, respectively. We establish a new direction in frequency-based zero-shot learning. Source code at \href{https://github.com/Waldeinsamkeit628/AFPA}{https://github.com/Waldeinsamkeit628/AFPA}.
Estimating forest aboveground carbon sink based on Landsat time-series and its response to climate change
Authors: Yang Kun , Luo Kai , Zhang Jialong , Qiu Bo , Wang Feiping , Xiao Qinglin , Cao Jun , He Yunrun , Yang Jian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Accurately estimating forest carbon sink and exploring their climate-driven mechanisms are essential for achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development. Taking Pinus densata in Shangri-La as the research object, we established three Random Forest (RF) dynamic models based on Landsat time series and ground data with 5-year interval variation, 10-year interval variation, and annual average variation. Then, Genetic Algorithm (GA) was applied to optimize the parameters of RF to establish GA-RF dynamic models, and selected the optimal model to estimate the carbon sink intensity (CSI) of Pinus densata. Finally, climate-driven mechanisms were explored by correlation analysis. We found that 1) the GA-RF model based on the annual average variation had the highest accuracy with an R2 of 0.83. 2) The CSI of Pinus densata in Shangri-La was 7.84–12.35×104 t C·hm− 2 from 1987 to 2017. 3) Precipitation had the greatest effect on CSI. The joint weak drive of CSI by precipitation, temperature and surface solar radiation was the most dominant form of CSI drive for Pinus densata. These results suggest that the GA-RF model can be used for large-scale long-term estimation of above-ground carbon sinks in highland forests. In addition, the precipitation-led multifactorial synergistic driving mechanism will stabilize the carbon sink capacity of Pinus densata in the long term.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chandratreya Abhijit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The meta-analysis investigates the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and financial performance, synthesizing findings from various empirical studies. The study addresses the ongoing debate about whether CSR initiatives enhance financial outcomes or detract from them due to potential resource diversion. Through a systematic review of the literature, the analysis quantifies the overall effect size of CSR on financial performance and identifies key moderating factors, such as industry, firm size, and geographical context, that influence this relationship. The findings indicate a generally positive correlation between CSR and financial performance, particularly in areas like environmental responsibility. The study also highlights significant variations in results depending on the specific CSR dimensions (environmental, social, governance) and the methodological approaches of the studies analyzed. The analysis underscores the importance of context in understanding the CSR-financial performance nexus and suggests that CSR can be strategically leveraged to improve financial outcomes, especially in larger firms and developed markets.
Perinatal outcomes in pregnancy with allergic rhinitis across seasons and postpartum status, stratified by depression presence: A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Li Fan , Liao Yuan , Lei Cheng , Zhou Jie , Li Yannan , Shi Qiuling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The goal of this study was to investigate the factors that influence postpartum depression in pregnant women with allergic rhinitis (AR).
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included women with AR between June 2015 to June 2019 in Harvard University Partners Healthcare Systems (PARTNERS) in the USA. The study group was divided into postpartum depression and non-postpartum depression. Routine clinical and laboratory information was collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study associations between AR women pregnant in the pollen seasons and adverse outcomes. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluates discriminative ability by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The calibration curve (DCA) was conducted to determine the clinical utility and benefit of the nomogram.
Results
A total of 216 pregnant women with AR participated in this study. Univariate analysis showed that 7 indicators were significantly different (P<0.05). We conducted LASSO analysis and multivariate regression to establish a postpartum depressionnomogram during the AR pregnants, the four selected risk predictors are as follows: pollen season pregnancy (OR=1.514, 95%CI: 0.771-2.973), history of preterm birth (OR=2.723, 95%CI: 1.157-6.406), number of pregnancies (OR=2.104, 95%CI: 1.356-3.267), anti-allergy medication during pregnancy (OR=2.975, 95%CI: 1.521-5.819). The calibration curve and DCA present optimal predictive power. DCA demonstrates that the nomogram could be applied clinically.
Conclusions
We highlighted the comorbidity of AR and postpartum depression, and suggested that a multidisciplinary consideration between allergists and obstetricians or midwives is needed to ensure that pregnant women consult experts to reduce AR symptoms.
Postnatal care service Completeness within first the 48 hours among mothers Ghana: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Yabila Solomon , Amenu Johnpaul , Gmayinaam Vincent Uwumborihyie , Geyevu Delali Victus , Dzando Gideon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Postnatal care within the first 48 hours after delivery is critical for the health and well-being of both women and their newborns. Despite the benefits of early postnatal care, the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey reported that only 45% of women received all the recommended postnatal health checks within the period. This study analysed the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. A multi-level logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors influencing postnatal care completeness. The data was weighted and analyzed using STATA 17.0. The results shows that 53% of women did not receive complete postnatal care within 48 hours. Married women were 57% more likely to receive complete postnatal care compared to unmarried women (OR = 1.57* [95% CI: 1.02, 2.42]). Similarly, women enrolled in the National Health Insurance Scheme were 56% more likely to receive full postnatal care (OR = 1.56** [95% CI: 1.20, 2.04]).