bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Intrasplenic Varix in a Patient with Chronic Liver Disease and Portal Hypertension
Authors: Kumarasamy Sivasundhar , Sekhar Karumuri Srinivas , Vaithyanathan Malathi , Sengottaiyan Saravanakumar , Shanmugasundaram Saravanan Thangam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe present a rare case of spontaneous intrasplenic varix in a patient with chronic liver disease and portal hypertension. The venous collaterals and presence of portal hypertension was incidentally detected by abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomographic imaging during evaluation of a suspected abdominal trauma following a road traffic accident. There have been a few reports of splenic vein aneurysms in the extrasplenic location. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of intrasplenic varix that developed in an adult with chronic liver disease and portal hypertension which is a rare manifestation of a well-known disease.
Small Bowel Diverticulosis Causing Pneumoperitoneum without Peritonitis: A Case Report
Authors: Benjamin Geena , Thomas Agnes , Koshy Mathew 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmall bowel diverticulosis is a rare finding, with varied clinical presentations, which make the diagnosis difficult and delayed. Many cases are asymptomatic. However, it is an entity that can present with fatal complications. Here, we present a case of a 79-year-old male patient with diffuse small bowel diverticulosis, who presented with loose stools and acute exacerbation of chronic abdominal pain. Plain abdominal X-ray showed dilated bowel loops and pneumoperitoneum, which raised the possibility of bowel perforation. Computed tomography images revealed diffuse small bowel diverticulosis and pneumoperitoneum. Subsequent explorative laparotomy revealed no bowel perforation. Small bowel diverticulosis is a well-known cause of chronic/recurrent pneumoperitoneum without peritonitis or surgery.
Multidetector Computed Tomographic Characterization of a Rare Retroperitoneal Mass in the Left Psoas Compartment
Authors: Ramanan Rochita Venkata , Krishnan Elankumaran , Menon Maya , Shivanandan Ponneyinchelvi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe discuss a case of a rare, large, left-sided retroperitoneal mass that presented a diagnostic difficulty in characterization both radiologically and pathologically. We analyze the imaging findings in a step-by-step manner to understand its structure of origin, components, and tissue characterization. Intraoperative images are correlated with multidetector computed tomographic (CT) scan images to demonstrate spatial orientation. A discussion of the pathological findings, and conclusions are made. This discussion highlights the methodology by which radiologic diagnosis is made on multidetector CT scans.
Regulation of nuclear architecture, mechanics, and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of epigenetic factors by cell geometric constraints
Authors: Alisafaei Farid , Jokhun Doorgesh Sharma , Shivashankar G. V. , Shenoy Vivek B. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Growing evidence suggests that cytoskeleton-mediated transmission of mechanical forces from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the nucleus alters nuclear mechanics and architecture and these alterations can, in turn, impact the ability of the cell to respond to its mechanical microenvironment by regulating important nuclear functions including gene expression in both normal and diseased cells. Using a chemomechanical model together with micropatterning experiments, we elucidate how the physical properties of the microenvironment impact the properties of the nucleus by regulating the mechanisms through which mechanical forces are directly and indirectly transmitted from the ECM to the nucleus. This information can be used to understand how chromosome configurations are altered in response to changes in nuclear mechanical properties following cues from the microenvironment.
Persistence of the permeability transition pore in human mitochondria devoid of an assembled ATP synthase
Authors: Carroll Joe , He Jiuya , Ding Shujing , Fearnley Ian M. , Walker John E. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Mitochondria generate the cellular fuel, adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, to sustain complex life. Production of ATP depends on the oxidation of energy-rich compounds to produce a chemical potential difference for hydrogen ions (or proton motive force, pmf), across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Disruption of the IMM, dissipation of the pmf, and cell death occur if the total concentration of calcium inside mitochondria is elevated sufficiently to open a pore in the IMM. It has been proposed that the pore is in the membrane sector of the ATP synthase. Here, we show that five membrane proteins associated with the enzyme’s stator are not involved in the pore, and that the pore persists in the absence of the enzyme complex.
Diminutive formation in a Libyan dialect with some phonological implications
Authors: Gadoua Abdulhamid , Davis Stuart 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Detailed studies of diminutives in Arabic dialects are uncommon. In this article, after discussing the diminutive in Classical Arabic, Coastal Dhofari Arabic, and Moroccan Arabic, we present a detailed description of diminutives in Asābʽā Arabic, a rural Libyan dialect. We note two diminutive templates in Asābʽā Arabic: CCeeC and CCayX. Further, we document a subtype of the CCeeX template applicable to base words that begin with a labial consonant followed by a long vowel, e.g. [faar] ‘mouse’, which has the diminutive [ʔuf.feer] rather than [fweer]. We suggest that this is an OCP effect influencing (non-identical) adjacent labials. We also discuss other implications of the diminutive in Asābʽā Arabic, including the nature of its diachronic relationship with the Classical Arabic diminutive.
Dialect contact in the Tunisian diaspora
Authors: D’Anna Luca 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Tunisian community of Mazara del Vallo (Sicily) is the oldest Tunisian community in Italy, its first immigrants arriving at the end of the 1960s. The linguistic dynamics of the community differ from those observed in other Arab communities in the European and American diaspora. Many second-generation speakers are still Arabic-dominant, and active competence is also demonstrated by third-generation speakers. This situation provides a rare opportunity to study dialect contact outside of mainland Tunisia, where the phenomena of leveling and accommodation have already been studied by Gibson (1998, 2002). The demographic structure of the Tunisian community of Mazara del Vallo shows a clear prevalence of speakers from the town of Mahdiyya, followed by Chebba and other Tunisian towns. This paper focuses on Tunisian speakers hailing from Chebba (in the governorate of Mahdiyya), whose village dialect is distinguished from the varieties spoken in both Mahdiyya and Tunis by a set of clearly recognizable isoglosses. The analysis focuses on the realization of the uvular /q/, the interdentals /θ, ð, ðˤ/ and the diphthongs /ay, aw/. The results are compared with Gibson’s (2002) findings concerning dialect leveling in Tunisian Arabic to ascertain whether language change in mainland Tunisia and in the diaspora follows similar trends.
Speaker-oriented attitude datives as authority indexicals
Authors: Haddad Youssef A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Most, if not all, Arabic dialects license the use of optional dative pronouns that index or point to the speaker as an authority figure in relation to the hearer and the activity that the speaker and hearer are involved in. I refer to these pronouns as speaker-oriented attitude datives and analyze the social conditions on their use as authority indexicals. I focus on directives (e.g., orders, requests) used during family talk in the Syrian soap opera ba:b l-ħa:ra ‘the neighborhood gate.’
Interactions between temporal acoustics and indexical information in speech rate perception
Authors: Aldholmi Yahya , Park Hanyong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study examines the interplay between a number of factors that affect speech rate perception. Three factors were investigated: pause type/length (short, long, and non-silent), actual speech rate (accelerated vs. decelerated), and utterance type (native Arabic, accented Arabic, and unfamiliar language). A group of Arabic speakers judged whether the sentences they heard were slow or fast, and rated their speed on a 1–7 scale (1 = extremely slow, 7 = extremely fast). The findings show that all three factors influence speed judgments and ratings and that they interact with one another on different levels. Our results testify that perceived speech rate is the outcome of an interaction between the actual linguistic and acoustic properties of an utterance along with a listener’s indexical knowledge about the speaker.
Peripheral and central auditory function in adults with epilepsy and treated with carbamazepine
Authors: Hamed Sherifa A. , Oseily Amira M. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study:
Epilepsy is a chronic medical disease in one third of patients. Chronic epilepsy and its antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) therapy are commonly associated with comorbid adverse somatic conditions. This study aimed to evaluate auditory function in patients with idiopathic epilepsy and on treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ).

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional case-control study. It included 50 patients with idiopathic epilepsy (mean age = 34.56 ± 7.11 and duration of illness = 17.84 ± 7.21years) and 40 healthy subjects. Hearing was evaluated using pure tone audiometry and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) analyses.

Results:
Mild bilateral hearing impairment and abnormal acoustic reflex (but normal tympanometry) were reported in more than one third of patients. Compared to controls, BAEPs of patients had prolonged waves I, III, V latencies and I–III, III–V and I–V interpeak latencies (IPLs) particularly at high repetition frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between CBZ dose, serum level and duration of treatment with waves I, III and V and I–III, III–V and I–V latencies at high repetition frequencies.

Conclusions:
Long-term treatment with CBZ may result in delayed auditory conduction within the peripheral pathways and brainstem. This should be taken into account during drug selection and monitoring of patients with epilepsy.
Ab initio computational study of electronic structure part-1: reaction mechanism of peptide bond formation between amino acid alanine and glycine
Authors: Dzikrullah A , Cahyono B , Laksitorini M D , Siahaan P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The porosity of the peptide delivery pathway to the brain is hindered by the presence of tight junctions which are intercellular cadherin interactions, but this can be overcome by modulating the cadherin molecule using peptide derived synthesis, one of which is ADT-10 (Ac-QGADTPPVGV-NH2)’ where there are amino acids glycine (G) and alanine (A). Formation reaction of the peptide is one of the most important chemical reactions, one way to probe the reaction of peptide synthesis is the computational method. The purpose of this research is to determine which mechanism of the reaction is most preferred to the synthesis of peptide bond formation between alanine and glycine from four pathways of the reaction mechanism, as well as glycine and glycine from two pathway of reaction mechanisms by ab initio computational approach. The calculations were carried out by theory and basis set HF/6-31g**. The results show the most preferred reaction of peptide synthesis of amino acid glycine and alanine is on the mechanism IV which result in Ac-GA-NH2 with activation energy 759.614 kJ⋅mol−1, while in glycine and glycine is on the mechanism II with an activation energy of 933.550 kJ⋅mol−1.
Pathogenic WDFY3 variants cause neurodevelopmental disorders and opposing effects on brain size
Authors: Le Duc Diana , Giulivi Cecilia , Hiatt Susan M , Napoli Eleonora , Panoutsopoulos Alexios , Harlan De Crescenzo Angelo , Kotzaeridou Urania , Syrbe Steffen , Anagnostou Evdokia , Azage Meron , Bend Renee , Begtrup Amber , Brown Natasha J , Büttner Benjamin , Cho Megan T , Cooper Gregory M , Doering Jan H , Dubourg Christèle , Everman David B , Hildebrand Michael S , Santos Francis Jeshira Reynoso , Kellam Barbara , Keller-Ramey Jennifer , Lemke Johannes R , Liu Shuxi , Niyazov Dmitriy , Payne Katelyn , Person Richard , Quélin Chloé , Schnur Rhonda E , Smith Brooke T , Strober Jonathan , Walker Susan , Wallis Mathew , Walsh Laurence , Yang Sandra , Yuen Ryan K C , Ziegler Andreas , Sticht Heinrich , Pride Michael C , Orosco Lori , Martínez-Cerdeño Verónica , Silverman Jill L , Crawley Jacqueline N , Scherer Stephen W , Zarbalis Konstantinos S , Jamra Rami 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The underpinnings of mild to moderate neurodevelopmental delay remain elusive, often leading to late diagnosis and interventions. Here, we present data on exome and genome sequencing as well as array analysis of 13 individuals that point to pathogenic, heterozygous, mostly de novo variants in WDFY3 (significant de novo enrichment P = 0.003) as a monogenic cause of mild and non-specific neurodevelopmental delay. Nine variants were protein-truncating and four missense. Overlapping symptoms included neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, macrocephaly, and psychiatric disorders (autism spectrum disorders/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). One proband presented with an opposing phenotype of microcephaly and the only missense-variant located in the PH-domain of WDFY3. Findings of this case are supported by previously published data, demonstrating that pathogenic PH-domain variants can lead to microcephaly via canonical Wnt-pathway upregulation. In a separate study, we reported that the autophagy scaffolding protein WDFY3 is required for cerebral cortical size regulation in mice, by controlling proper division of neural progenitors. Here, we show that proliferating cortical neural progenitors of human embryonic brains highly express WDFY3, further supporting a role for this molecule in the regulation of prenatal neurogenesis. We present data on Wnt-pathway dysregulation in Wdfy3-haploinsufficient mice, which display macrocephaly and deficits in motor coordination and associative learning, recapitulating the human phenotype. Consequently, we propose that in humans WDFY3 loss-of-function variants lead to macrocephaly via downregulation of the Wnt pathway. In summary, we present WDFY3 as a novel gene linked to mild to moderate neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability and conclude that variants putatively causing haploinsufficiency lead to macrocephaly, while an opposing pathomechanism due to variants in the PH-domain of WDFY3 leads to microcephaly.
Unifying the Notions of Modularity and Core–Periphery Structure in Functional Brain Networks during Youth
Authors: Gu Shi , Xia Cedric Huchuan , Ciric Rastko , Moore Tyler M , Gur Ruben C , Gur Raquel E , Satterthwaite Theodore D , Bassett Danielle S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAt rest, human brain functional networks display striking modular architecture in which coherent clusters of brain regions are activated. The modular account of brain function is pervasive, reliable, and reproducible. Yet, a complementary perspective posits a core–periphery or rich-club account of brain function, where hubs are densely interconnected with one another, allowing for integrative processing. Unifying these two perspectives has remained difficult due to the fact that the methodological tools to identify modules are entirely distinct from the methodological tools to identify core–periphery structure. Here, we leverage a recently-developed model-based approach—the weighted stochastic block model—that simultaneously uncovers modular and core–periphery structure, and we apply it to functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired at rest in 872 youth of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We demonstrate that functional brain networks display rich mesoscale organization beyond that sought by modularity maximization techniques. Moreover, we show that this mesoscale organization changes appreciably over the course of neurodevelopment, and that individual differences in this organization predict individual differences in cognition more accurately than module organization alone. Broadly, our study provides a unified assessment of modular and core–periphery structure in functional brain networks, offering novel insights into their development and implications for behavior.
Mycobacterium chimaera Encephalitis Following Cardiac Surgery: A New Syndrome
Authors: Lau Darren , Cooper Ryan , Chen Justin , Sim Valerie L , McCombe Jennifer A , Tyrrell Gregory J , Bhargava Ravi , Adam Benjamin , Chapman Erin , Croxen Matthew A , Garady Cherif , Antonation Kym , van Landeghem Frank K H , Ip Shannon , Saxinger Lynora 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report the cases of 3 patients with fatal, disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infections following cardiac surgeries. Progressive neurocognitive decline and death were explained by active granulomatous encephalitis, with widespread involvement of other organs. This syndrome is clinically elusive and, thus, may have caused deaths in prior reported series.
Uncovering the mouse olfactory long non-coding transcriptome with a novel machine-learning model
Authors: Camargo Antonio P , Nakahara Thiago S , Firmino Luiz E R , Netto Paulo H M , do Nascimento João B P , Donnard Elisa R , Galante Pedro A F , Carazzolle Marcelo F , Malnic Bettina , Papes Fabio 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Very little is known about long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the mammalian olfactory sensory epithelia. Deciphering the non-coding transcriptome in olfaction is relevant because these RNAs have been shown to play a role in chromatin modification and nuclear architecture reorganization, processes that accompany olfactory differentiation and olfactory receptor gene choice, one of the most poorly understood gene regulatory processes in mammals. In this study, we used a combination of in silico and ex vivo approaches to uncover a comprehensive catalogue of olfactory lncRNAs and to investigate their expression in the mouse olfactory organs. Initially, we used a novel machine-learning lncRNA classifier to discover hundreds of annotated and unannotated lncRNAs, some of which were predicted to be preferentially expressed in the main olfactory epithelium and the vomeronasal organ, the most important olfactory structures in the mouse. Moreover, we used whole-tissue and single-cell RNA sequencing data to discover lncRNAs expressed in mature sensory neurons of the main epithelium. Candidate lncRNAs were further validated by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR, leading to the identification of lncRNAs found throughout the olfactory epithelia, as well as others exquisitely expressed in subsets of mature olfactory neurons or progenitor cells.
Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome after pulmonary lobectomy: a rare entity with a difficult diagnosis
Authors: Krasas Athanasios , Tzifa Afroditi , Mallios Dimitrios , Iliadis Kosmas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare clinical entity. It is characterized by position-dependent dyspnoea and oxygen desaturation in the upright position with orthodeoxia resolving in the supine position, and is mainly associated with cardiac defects. Only 9 cases of post-lobectomy POS have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of POS in a woman who underwent a lobectomy and in whom POS was diagnosed and treated.
Computations of Eigenvalues and Resonances on Perturbed Hyperbolic Surfaces with Cusps
Authors: Levitin Michael , Strohmaier Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper we describe a simple method that allows for a fast direct computation of the scattering matrix for a surface with hyperbolic cusps from the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map on the compact manifold with boundary obtained by removing the cusps. We illustrate that even if the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map is obtained by a finite element method (FEM) one can achieve good accuracy for the scattering matrix. We give various interesting examples of how this can be used to investigate the behaviour of resonances under conformal perturbations or when moving in Teichmüller space. For example, based on numerical experiments we rediscover the four arithmetic surfaces of genus one with one cusp. This demonstrates that it is possible to identify arithmetic objects using FEM. All the videos accompanying this paper are available with its online version, or externally either at http://michaellevitin.net/hyperbolic.html or as a dedicated YouTube playlist.
Living with the Dead as a Way of Life: A Materialist Historiographical Approach to Cemetery Asceticism in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms
Authors: Witkowski Nicholas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study challenges the long-standing scholarly conception that ascetic practice was incompatible with the institutional imperatives of the Indian Buddhist monastery in the “middle period.” Drawing upon the rich narrative tradition in Indian Buddhist law codes (Vinaya), I employ a new hermeneutical approach in order to demonstrate that cemetery (śmaśāna) asceticism remained central to the Buddhist monastic lifestyle. I begin with an extended methodological discussion that locates my approach—what I call materialist historiography—in a genealogy of scholarship that reads literary texts for an anthropology of everyday life. I then draw from a wide range of Vinaya narratives to argue that, despite the increasingly vocal presence of a Brahmanical purity party, the ascetic practices of residing in the cemetery, meditating on corpses, scavenging for goods on the charnel ground, and stripping corpses of their funeral shrouds remained an everyday affair in the monastery.