bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catheter‐based retrograde coronary sinus infusion is a practical delivery technique for introducing biological molecules into the cardiac system
Authors: Rodenberg Eric J. , Patel Dimki S. , Shirley Brad , Young Brandt W. , Taylor Amanda F. , Steidinger Hayley R. , Fisher Scott J. , Patel Amit N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo demonstrate coronary sinus (CS) retrograde catheterization as a practicable technique for delivering biologics into the heart.BackgroundThere are many options to deliver biologics into the heart. However, there is no single optimal technique when considering safety, biologic retention, and reproducibility. Retrograde delivery has the potential to address many of these concerns. This study evaluated retrograde CS infusion of luciferase‐expressing plasmid in a porcine model using the Advance® CS Coronary Sinus Infusion Catheter and bioluminescence imaging to track the expression of the infused biological markers.MethodsPlasmid was delivered retrograde into the CS in one of three infusion volumes. Twenty‐four hours post‐infusion, hearts were excised and underwent bioluminescence imaging to characterize the expression of the infusates. Heart and lung biopsies were also assessed for luciferase expression using RT‐qPCR.ResultsRetrograde infusion was safe and successful in all nine test subjects. Luciferase detection was inconsistent in the low volume group. Bioluminescence was confined predominantly along the posterolateral left ventricle for medium volume infusions and was more broadly dispersed along the anterior side of the heart for high volume infusions. Tissue mRNA analysis corroborated the bioluminescence results, with the highest concentration of luciferase expression localized in the left ventricle.ConclusionsRetrograde CS infusion is a promising technique for delivering biological molecules to the heart. Specifically, this study demonstrated that the low pressure coronary venous system accommodates a wide range of infusion volumes and that biological infusates can be maintained in situ following the resumption of coronary venous flow.
Core‐Shell Structured LiTi2(PO4)3/C Anode for Aqueous Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Leilei , Wen Yuehua , Zhang Hao , Ming Hai , Pang Jie , Zhao Pengcheng , Cao Gaoping 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA simple high‐temperature solid‐state reaction route incorporating a polymerization‐coating method is developed to prepare a core‐shell structured LiTi2(PO4)3/C composite (PDA‐cLTP), using polydopamine(PDA) as the carbon and nitrogen source. The PDA‐cLTP shows an excellent discharge capacity of 117 mAh g−1 at 1 C with a high retention of 91.4 % for 200 cycles. Cycled at 10 C, a capacity of 80 mAh g−1 and a retention of 76.0 % for 1000 cycles are preserved. The high rate capability and cycling stability of PDA‐cLTP are ascribed to the more homogeneous nitrogen‐doped carbon coating on the surface of LiTi2(PO4)3/C composite compared to PAN‐cLTP using polyacrylonitrile(PAN) as carbon and nitrogen sources. The reported PDA‐cLTP synthesis and coating design strategies offer effective approaches to develop high electrochemical performance and long‐life aqueous lithium‐ion batteries for utility‐scale/bulk‐storage energy storage applications.
Thermo‐Photocatalysis: Environmental and Energy Applications
Authors: Nair Vaishakh , Muñoz‐Batista Mario J. , Fernández‐García Marcos , Luque Rafael , Colmenares Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCatalysis is an integral part of a majority of chemical operations focused on the generation of value‐added chemicals or fuels. Similarly, the extensive use of fossil‐derived fuels and chemicals has led to deterioration of the environment. Catalysis currently plays a key role in mitigating such effects. Thermal catalysis and photocatalysis are two well‐known catalytic approaches that were applied in both energy and environmental fields. Thermo‐photocatalysis can be understood as a synergistic effect of the two catalytic processes with key importance in the use of solar energy as thermal and light source. This Review provides an update on relevant contributions about thermo‐photocatalytic systems for environmental and energy applications. The reported activity data are compared with the conventional photocatalytic approach and the base of the photothermal effect is analyzed. Some of the systems based on the positive aspects of thermo‐ and photocatalysis could be the answer to the energy and environmental crisis when taking into account the outstanding results with regard to chemical efficiency and energy saving.
Trends in prevalence of gestational diabetes and perinatal outcomes in Catalonia, Spain, 2006 to 2015: the Diagestcat Study
Authors: Gortazar Lucía , Flores‐Le Roux Juana A. , Benaiges David , Sarsanedas Eugènia , Payà Antonio , Mañé Laura , Pedro‐Botet Juan , Goday Alberto 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundNo recent epidemiologic studies on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been conducted in Spain. The present study aimed to explore trends in the prevalence of GDM and ascertain whether the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes changed between 2006 and 2015 in Catalonia.MethodsIn this population‐based study, all hospital admissions for singleton births in Catalonia for the period 2006 to 2015 were collected from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set. Cases of GDM were identified from hospital delivery discharge reports using ICD‐9‐CM codes. Data regarding maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes were analysed. Crude and age‐adjusted annual prevalences were calculated. The Poisson regression model was used to assess trends in prevalence and perinatal outcomes, adjusted for age and smoking habit; however, they could not be adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and ethnicity.ResultsData from 743 762 deliveries were collected. GDM prevalence over the study period was 4.80% (95% CI 4.75‐4.85%). Crude GDM prevalence rose from 3.81% (95% CI 3.67‐3.95%) in 2006 to 6.53% (95% CI 6.33‐6.72%) in 2015 (P < 0.001). Women with GDM showed a stable trend in rates of preeclampsia (2.56%), prematurity (15.7%), and large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) newborns (18.3%), whereas a lower rate of macrosomia was observed during the study period (from 9.16% to 7.84%). Caesarean deliveries rose from 28% to 31%; however, significance was lost after adjustment.ConclusionsThe prevalence of GDM in Catalonia almost doubled between 2006 and 2015. During the study period, the frequency of macrosomia decreased whereas pre‐eclampsia, prematurity, LGA, and age‐adjusted Caesarean rates remained stable.
Risk of dementia and mild cognitive impairment among older adults in same‐sex relationships
Authors: Perales‐Puchalt Jaime , Gauthreaux Kathryn , Flatt Jason , Teylan Merilee Ann , Resendez Jason , Kukull Walter A. , Chan Kwun C.G. , Burns Jeffrey , Vidoni Eric D. 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionSexual minority discrimination might lead to a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of MCI and dementia between older adults in same‐sex relationships (SSR) and opposite‐sex relationships (OSR).MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center up to September 2017. Analyses included cognitively normal individuals 55+ at baseline who had a spouse, partner, or companion as study partner at any assessment. Associations were calculated using survival analysis adjusting for demographics and APOE‐e4 carrier status.ResultsHazard ratios of MCI and dementia did not differ statistically between SSR and OSR individuals in the total sample nor stratified by sex.ConclusionThe lack of association between SSR and MCI and dementia warrants future research into their potential resilience mechanisms and the inclusion of sexual minority status questions in research and surveillance studies. The potential recruitment bias caused by nonprobabilistic sampling of the cohort and the reporting and ascertainment bias caused by using SSR to infer sexual minority status may have influenced our findings.
Moisture transport and seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of rainfall in Central American and Andean Páramo during El Niño conditions (2015–2016)
Authors: Esquivel‐Hernández Germain , Mosquera Giovanny M. , Sánchez‐Murillo Ricardo , Quesada‐Román Adolfo , Birkel Christian , Crespo Patricio , Célleri Rolando , Windhorst David , Breuer Lutz , Boll Jan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHigh‐elevation tropical grassland systems, called Páramo, provide essential ecosystem services such as water storage and supply for surrounding and lowland areas. Páramo systems are threatened by climate and land use changes. Rainfall generation processes and moisture transport pathways influencing precipitation in the Páramo are poorly understood but needed to estimate the impact of these changes, particularly during El Niño conditions, which largely affect hydrometeorological conditions in tropical regions. To fill this knowledge gap, we present a stable isotope analysis of rainfall samples collected on a daily to weekly basis between January 2015 and May 2016 during the strongest El Niño event recorded in history (2014–2016) in two Páramo regions of Central America (Chirripó, Costa Rica) and the northern Andes (Cajas, south Ecuador). Isotopic compositions were used to identify how rainfall generation processes (convective and orographic) change seasonally at each study site. Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) air mass back trajectory analysis was used to identify preferential moisture transport pathways to each Páramo site. Our results show the strong influence of north‐east trade winds to transport moisture from the Caribbean Sea to Chirripó and the South American low‐level jet to transport moisture from the Amazon forest to Cajas. These moisture contributions were also related to the formation of convective rainfall associated with the passage of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over Costa Rica and Ecuador during the wetter seasons and to orographic precipitation during the transition and drier seasons. Our findings provide essential baseline information for further research applications of water stable isotopes as tracers of rainfall generation processes and transport in the Páramo and other montane ecosystems in the tropics.
Transient upregulation of TASK‐1 expression in the hypoglossal nucleus during chronic intermittent hypoxia is reduced by serotonin 2A receptor antagonist
Authors: Li Wen‐Yang , Wang Aidi , Jin Hongyu , Zou Ying , Wang Zanfeng , Wang Wei , Kang Jian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHypoglossal motoneurons innervate genioglossus muscle, the contraction of which is critical in the maintenance of upper airway patency in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. As a potassium channel distributed in hypoglossal motoneurons, TWIK‐related acid‐sensitive K+ channel‐1 (TASK‐1) could be inhibited by 5‐HT. This study aimed to investigate if TASK‐1 expression in hypoglossal nucleus could be influenced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and 5‐HT2A receptors antagonist. Two hundred twenty‐eight rats were exposed to CIH or normoxia (NO) in the presence and absence of 5‐HT
2A receptor antagonist (MDL‐100907) microinjected into the hypoglossal nucleus. The expression of 5‐HT and TASK‐1 in the hypoglossal nucleus were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day of CIH exposure. The mean optical density (MOD) of 5‐HT in the XII nucleus was significantly increased in the CIH and CIH + MDL group than the NO group on the 7th and 21st day (
p < 0.05). Compared with the NO group, the MOD and gene expression of TASK‐1 in the CIH group was significantly increased on the 7th and 14th day (
p < 0.05), then normalized on the 21st day. The TASK‐1 expression in the CIH + MDL group was significantly lower than the CIH + PBS and CIH group on the 7th and 14th day (
p < 0.05). The CIH‐induced transiently upregulation of the TASK‐1 expression in the hypoglossal nucleus could be reversed by 5‐HT
2A receptor antagonist, indicating that the modulation of the TASK‐1 expression in response to CIH involves 5‐HT and 5‐HT
2A receptors, and this CIH effect might be 5‐HT
2A receptor‐dependent.
Sophorolipid Biosurfactants Activate Taste Receptor Type 1 Member 3‐Mediated Taste Responses and Block Responses to Bitter Taste In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Ozdener Mehmet Hakan , Ashby Richard D. , Jyotaki Masafumi , Elkaddi Nadia , Spielman Andrew I. , Bachmanov Alexander A. , Solaiman Daniel K. Y. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSophorolipids (SL) are typically produced and secreted by select nonpathogenic yeast species (i.e., Candida) from renewable substrates. They are currently being used by industry on a limited basis in formulations for cleaning solutions as well as laundry and dishwashing detergents. Due to the nature of their chemical structure, it was hypothesized that SL would demonstrate taste‐sensory properties. In this study, SL were produced via fermentation on a mixed substrate platform with glucose and either palmitic acid, stearic acid, or oleic acid using Candida (currently reclassified as Starmerella) bombicola ATCC 22214. The taste properties of SL were determined using a single‐cell manual calcium imaging technique on cultured human fungiform taste papillae (HBO) cells. The results of those studies demonstrated that sweetener‐responsive HBO cells also respond to SL, and these responses are mediated by the type 1 taste receptors 3 (T1R3), because they were blocked by lactisole (a T1R3 receptor‐specific blocker). The involvement of the T1R3 receptor in SL recognition was confirmed via the chorda tympani nerve recording (CTNR) study in a (−/−) T1R3 knockout (KO) mouse model. We further demonstrated that SL are capable of blocking the bitter stimuli‐elicited responses both in HBO cells and in the CTNR study. This is the first report demonstrating that SL have taste‐sensory properties, which opens up numerous possibilities for practical applications of SL to ameliorate bitter tastes in foods and drugs and understand the potential source of dysgeusia in some patients.
Zinc application in conjunction with urea as a fertilization strategy for improving both nitrogen use efficiency and the zinc biofortification of barley
Authors: Gonzalez Demetrio , Almendros Patricia , Obrador Ana , Alvarez Jose M 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntensive cropping systems have caused widespread Zn deficiency, low nutritional quality of cereals and environmental problems. The aim of the microplot field experiment reported in this paper was to assess the option of using Zn in conjunction with urea fertilization in order to reduce N rate and to maintain the yield level and grain quality but minimizing environmental risks. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was cultivated in a calcareous soil under semi‐realistic conditions. Combinations of four Zn levels, applied by spraying aqueous solutions of ZnSO4, and three N levels, applied by spreading granular urea, were tested.RESULTSZn and N showed a synergistic effect, increasing yield and Zn content in all plant parts and protein content in grain. A low Zn dosage of 5 kg ha−1 was sufficient to significantly increase the amount of bioavailable Zn in soil and significantly raise its concentration in plant material and also the protein content in grain. The remobilization of Zn from leaf tissue to grain was dependent on the availability of Zn and was only crucial when its bioavailability was low.CONCLUSIONSA Zn dosage of 5 kg ha−1 enhanced the agronomic efficiency of N by 15.5 kg grain kg−1 N. The Zn applied to the soil permitted a reduction in the rate of N with only a small decrease in barley grain yield and nutritional value. However, due to the interannual variability in rainfall, which is characteristic of Mediterranean climates, further studies will be necessary to confirm and extend these results. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for the rapid detection of diethylstilbestrol in milk samples
Authors: Huang YuXia , Zhao Tao , He Jinxing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDiethylstilbestrol (DES) residues are harmful to human health because of their potential carcinogenic properties. Therefore, it is important to develop a fast and efficient pretreatment method to prevent their harmful effects on human health and the environment.RESULTSIn this paper, two types of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) of DES were prepared by bulk polymerization and the sol–gel method, respectively. The synthetic materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Adsorption capacities of the bulk and sol–gel MMIPs were investigated. A rapid detection method was developed using the two types of MMIPs as sorbents, coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography, for the determination of DES residues in milk samples. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection (S/N = 3) of both methods for DES was 2.0 μg L−1; and the linear response range to DES was 0.1–500 mg L−1. The milk samples were analyzed according to this method with good recoveries of 88.3–97.6 and 90.5–103.5% for the two types of MMIPs, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe method described had high sensitivity and high selectivity, and could prove to be a new method for the rapid determination of DES residues in milk samples. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Distinct gelatinous zooplankton communities across a dynamic shelf sea
Authors: Haberlin Damien , Raine Robin , McAllen Rob , Doyle Thomas K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnderstanding how gelatinous zooplankton communities are structured by local hydrography and physical forcing has important implications for fisheries and higher trophic predators. Although a large body of research has described how fronts, hydrographic boundaries, and different water masses (e.g., mixed vs. stratified) influence phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, comparatively few studies have investigated their influence on gelatinous zooplankton communities. In July 2015, 49 plankton samples were collected from 50 m depth to the surface, across five transects in the Celtic Sea, of which, four crossed the Celtic Sea Front. Two distinct gelatinous communities were found in this dynamic shelf sea: a cold water community in the cooler mixed water that mainly contained neritic taxa and a warm water community in the warmer stratified water that contained a mixture of neritic and oceanic taxa. The gelatinous biomass was 40% greater in the warm water community (∼ 2 mg C m−3) compared with the cold water community (∼ 1.3 mg C m−3). The warm water community was dominated byAglantha digitale, Lizzia blondina, andNanomia bijuga, whereas the cold water community was dominated byClytia hemisphaericaand ctenophores. Physonect siphonophores contributed > 36% to the gelatinous biomass in the warm water community, and their widespread distribution suggests they are ecologically more important than previously thought. A distinct oceanic influence was also recorded in the wider warm water zooplankton community, accounting for a ∼ 20 mg C m−3increase in biomass in that region.
Resolving degeneracy in diffusion MRI biophysical model parameter estimation using double diffusion encoding
Authors: Coelho Santiago , Pozo Jose M. , Jespersen Sune N. , Jones Derek K. , Frangi Alejandro F. 
Published: March 2019

PurposeBiophysical tissue models are increasingly used in the interpretation of diffusion MRI (dMRI) data, with the potential to provide specific biomarkers of brain microstructural changes. However, it has been shown recently that, in the general Standard Model, parameter estimation from dMRI data is ill‐conditioned even when very high b‐values are applied. We analyze this issue for the Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging with Diffusivity Assessment (NODDIDA) model and demonstrate that its extension from single diffusion encoding (SDE) to double diffusion encoding (DDE) resolves the ill‐posedness for intermediate diffusion weightings, producing an increase in accuracy and precision of the parameter estimation.MethodsWe analyze theoretically the cumulant expansion up to fourth order in b of SDE and DDE signals. Additionally, we perform in silico experiments to compare SDE and DDE capabilities under similar noise conditions.ResultsWe prove analytically that DDE provides invariant information non‐accessible from SDE, which makes the NODDIDA parameter estimation injective. The in silico experiments show that DDE reduces the bias and mean square error of the estimation along the whole feasible region of 5D model parameter space.ConclusionsDDE adds additional information for estimating the model parameters, unexplored by SDE. We show, as an example, that this is sufficient to solve the previously reported degeneracies in the NODDIDA model parameter estimation.
A second‐order reduced asymptotic homogenization approach for nonlinear periodic heterogeneous materials
Authors: Fish Jacob , Yang Zhiqiang , Yuan Zifeng 
Published: March 2019

SummaryAn efficient second‐order reduced asymptotic homogenization approach is developed for nonlinear heterogeneous media with large periodic microstructure. The two salient features of the proposed approach are (i) an asymptotic higher‐order nonlinear homogenization that does not require higher‐order continuity of the coarse‐scale solution and (ii) an efficient model reduction scheme for solving higher‐order nonlinear unit cell problems at a fraction of computational cost in comparison to the direct computational homogenization. The former is a consequence of a sequential solution of increasing order solutions, which permits evaluation of higher‐order coarse‐scale derivatives by postprocessing from the zeroth‐order solution. The efficiency and accuracy of the formulation in comparison to the classical zeroth‐order homogenization and direct numerical simulations are assessed on hyperelastic and elastoplastic periodic structures.
Robust topology optimization of compliant mechanisms with uncertainties in output stiffness
Authors: Cardoso E. L. , da Silva G. A. , Beck A. T. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis work addresses the topology optimization approach to design robust compliant mechanisms with respect to uncertainties in the output stiffness, when compared to the traditional deterministic approach. To this end, two formulations are proposed: probabilistic and nonprobabilistic. The probabilistic formulation minimizes a joint objective function of expected output displacement plus a measure of its standard deviations, for given statistical distribution of the output stiffness. The nonprobabilistic formulation is written as minimization of a joint function of the median of output displacements, plus the width of the intervals that contains the extreme values of the output displacements, for a given interval of output stiffness. The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to evaluate expected values and standard deviations of output displacements in the probabilistic formulation and to assess results obtained with the deterministic approach. It is shown that both formulations lead to designs where output displacements are less sensitive to variations of output stiffness when compared to the traditional deterministic approach. Furthermore, as an additional benefit, it is observed that large variations of output stiffness can hinder the appearance of one‐node connected hinges, usually found in the deterministic design of compliant mechanisms.