bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic Evaluation of Avalon Elite Bi‐Caval Dual Lumen Cannulas and Femoral Arterial Cannulas
Authors: Wang Shigang , Force Madison , Kunselman Allen R. , Palanzo David , Brehm Christoph , Ündar Akif 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTranslational research is a useful tool to provide scientific evidence for cannula selection during extracorporeal life support (ECLS). The objective of this study was to evaluate four Avalon Elite bi‐caval dual lumen cannulas and nine femoral arterial cannulas in terms of flow range, circuit pressure, pressure drop, and hemodynamic energy transmission in a simulated adult ECLS model. A veno‐venous ECLS circuit was used to evaluate four Avalon Elite bi‐caval dual lumen cannulas (20, 23, 27, and 31 Fr), and a veno‐arterial ECLS circuit was used to evaluate nine femoral arterial cannulas (15, 17, 19, 21, and 23 Fr). The two circuits included a Rotaflow centrifugal pump, a Quadrox‐D adult oxygenator, and 3/8 in ID tubing for arterial and venous lines. The circuits were primed with lactated Ringer’s solution and packed human red blood cells (hematocrit 40%). Trials were conducted at rotational speeds from 1000 to 5000 RPM (250 rpm increments) for each Avalon cannula, and at different flow rates (0.5–7 L/min) for each femoral arterial cannula. Real‐time pressure and flow data were recorded for analysis. Small caliber cannulas created higher circuit pressures, higher pressure drops and higherM‐numbers compared with large ones. The inflow side of Avalon dual lumen cannula had a significantly higher pressure drop than the outflow side (inflow vs. outflow: 20 Fr‐100.2 vs. 49.2 mm Hg at 1.1 L/min, 23 Fr‐93.7 vs. 41.4 mm Hg at 1.6 L/min, 27 Fr‐102.3 vs. 42.8 mm Hg at 2.6 L/min, 31 Fr‐98.1 vs. 44.7 mm Hg at 3.8 L/min). There was more hemodynamic energy lost in the veno‐arterial ECLS circuit using small cannulas compared to larger ones (17 Fr vs. 19 Fr vs. 21 Fr at 4 L/min—Medtronic: 71.0 vs. 64.8 vs. 60.9%; Maquet: 71.4 vs. 65.6 vs. 62.0%). Medtronic femoral arterial cannulas had lower pressure drops (Medtronic vs. Maquet at 4 L/min: 17 Fr‐121.7 vs. 125.0 mm Hg, 19 Fr‐71.2 vs. 73.7 mm Hg, 21 Fr‐42.9 vs. 47.4 mm Hg) and hemodynamic energy losses (Medtronic vs. Maquet at 4 L/min: 17 Fr‐43.6 vs. 44.4%, 19 Fr‐31.0 vs. 31.4%, 21 Fr‐20.8 vs. 22.4%) at high flow rates when compared with the Maquet cannulae. The results for this study provided valuable hemodynamic characteristics of all evaluated adult cannulas with human blood in order to guide ECLS cannula selection in clinical practice. Use of larger cannulas are suggested for VV‐ and VA‐ECLS.
Provocative induction of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Noninferiority of an induction technique without versus with placebo
Authors: Chen David K. , Dave Hina , Gadelmola Kareem , Jeroudi Myrtle , Fadipe Melissa 
Published: October 2018

SummaryWe aim to demonstrate, in a sufficiently powered and standardized study, that the success rate of inducing psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) without placebo (saline infusion) is noninferior to induction with placebo. The clinical data of 170 consecutive patients with suspected PNES who underwent induction with placebo from January 21, 2009 to March 31, 2013 were pair‐matched with 170 consecutive patients with suspected PNES who underwent the same induction technique but without addition of placebo from April 1, 2013 to February 7, 2018 at the same center. The success rates of induction were 79.4% (135/170) without placebo and 73.5% (125/170) with placebo. The difference of these two proportions was 5.9%, with two‐sided 95% confidence interval ranging from −3.6% to 15.2%, indicating a non–statistically significant difference. The lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (−3.6%) was above the noninferiority margin (δ = −5%), hence inferring noninferiority of induction without versus with placebo. The greater cumulative induction experiences of the clinician performer (influencing the manner/presentation of induction) may supplant the potential advantage from addition of placebo (the means utilized). Among experienced performers, provocative induction without placebo should be the preferred diagnostic approach, given more ethically acceptable transparency and the noninferior success rate when compared to the same induction technique with placebo.
Examination of risk scores to better predict hospital‐related harms
Authors: Than Stephanie , Crabtree Amelia , Moran Chris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundMany hospitals use predictive scores to identify a person's risk of inpatient falls, pressure injury and malnutrition despite evidence of limited predictive accuracy.AimTo examine whether we could improve predictive accuracy by generating a score combining all components of currently used tools.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, cross‐validation study in a single sub‐acute (geriatrics and rehabilitation) hospital, extracting data regarding hospital risk scores, and incidence of falls, pressure injury and malnutrition from January 2014 to June 2016. The sample was randomly halved into training and testing data sets. For each harm outcome, model fit was examined using area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and proportions of people reclassified based on a combined score were calculated. Secondary analyses explored the predictive performance of individual question‐responses.ResultsData were available for 4487 admissions (median age 83.0 years). A total of 667 (15%) people had at least one fall, 499 (11%) had at least one pressure injury and 20 (0.4%) malnutrition. The currently used tools had, at best, moderate ability to predict risk of harm outcomes (AUC 0.56–0.73). Testing of the combined score models resulted in minimal change in AUC (<5.1%) and did not add value to risk category reclassification. Most of the predictive ability of the currently used tools relied on the performance of two individual question‐responses.ConclusionCombining scores or reducing to two‐item question‐responses did little to change predictive accuracy. This study highlights the limitations of hospital harm predictive scores and emphasises the importance of rigorous testing of predictive scores.
Unveiling Contemporaneous Relations Between Jump Risk and Cross Section of Stock Returns
Authors: Kshatriya Saranya , Prasanna Krishna 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study analyzes the impact of time varying jump risk on aggregate returns. We, in particular, examine the pricing of jump size and intensity components in the cross section of stock returns for four Asian markets. We use stochastic volatility model with jumps to estimate jump size and intensity. Fama–MacBeth regression results indicate that both jump size and intensity have statistically significant effect on expected returns. A one standard deviation increase in jump intensity beta lowers the expected annual returns by 1% for Japan, 2% for China, 5% for India, and 7% for South Korea. The results are consistent even after controlling for the Fama and French three factors, firm size, and liquidity proxies.
Psychological disorders and oral lichen planus: A systematic review
Authors: Cerqueira Joana D. M. , Moura Jamille R. , Arsati Franco , Lima‐Arsati Ynara B. de O. , Bittencourt Roberto A. , Freitas Valéria S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to identify and analyze scientific evidence available in the literature to answer the following question: Are psychological disorders associated with the development of oral lichen planus (OLP)? Using scientific databases (PubMed, LILACS, and Science Direct), a literature search was conducted between December 2016 and January 2017, using previously selected keywords. Two independent reviewers critically assessed the results in three stages, strictly obeying the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined in the study protocol. We assessed paper quality based on STROBE (Strengthening The Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology). After analysis, we selected 14 papers, of which 10 showed evidence of association between psychological disorders (in particular, stress, anxiety, and depression) and the development of OLP. The paper‐quality assessment by means of STROBE showed that 13 papers presented intermediate quality and one paper presented high quality. In the present systematic review, we found an association between psychological disorders and the development of OLP.
MEDIATOR18 influences Arabidopsis root architecture, represses auxin signaling and is a critical factor for cell viability in root meristems
Authors: Raya‐González Javier , Oropeza‐Aburto Araceli , López‐Bucio Jesús S. , Guevara‐García Ángel A. , de Veylder Lieven , López‐Bucio José , Herrera‐Estrella Luis 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe Mediator (MED) complex plays a key role in the recruitment and assembly of the transcription machinery for the control of gene expression. Here, we report on the role of MEDIATOR18 (MED18) subunit in root development, auxin signaling and meristem cell viability in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Loss‐of‐function mutations in MED18 reduce primary root growth, but increase lateral root formation and root hair development. This phenotype correlates with alterations in cell division and elongation likely caused by an increased auxin response and transport at the root tip, as evidenced by DR5:GFP, pPIN1::PIN1‐GFP, pPIN2::PIN2‐GFP and pPIN3::PIN3‐GFP auxin‐related gene expression. Noteworthy, med18 seedlings manifest cell death in the root meristem, which exacerbates with age and/or exposition to DNA‐damaging agents, and display high expression of the cell regeneration factor ERF115. Cell death in the root tip was reduced in med18 seedlings grown in darkness, but remained when only the shoot was exposed to light, suggesting that MED18 acts to protect root meristem cells from local cell death, and/or in response to root‐acting signal(s) emitted by the shoot in response to light stimuli. These data point to MED18 as an important component for auxin‐regulated root development, cell death and cell regeneration in root meristems.
Parametric Investigation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle for High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR)
Authors: Zhao Gang , Ye Ping , Yang Xiaoyong , Wang Jie 
Published: October 2018

High-temperature Gas-cooled Reactor Pebble-bed Module (HTR-PM) is under construction in Shidao Bay, Shandong of China. It is supposed to be the world’s first pebble-bed modular commercial demonstration plant for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR). In HTR-PM project, water-Rankine cycles have been used in the power conversion system. Meanwhile, supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle has shown great potentials for future HTGR technology.
Comparing with typical helium Brayton cycle, in S-CO2 cycle where critical properties of carbon dioxide are utilized, compressor work may reduce significantly and thermal efficiency may improve greatly. Furthermore, the general sizes of S-CO2 cycle equipment, such as heat exchanger and turbine, would be orders of magnitude smaller than water-Rankine system at similar power output. Therefore, parameters study of S-CO2 were conducted in this paper for future HTGR.
Firstly, a physical model of S-CO2 Brayton cycles was built and the performance of cycles were analyzed. Secondly, compression ratio, temperature ratio, the inlet temperature of turbine, inlet parameters of compressor, and recuperated effectiveness were discussed as key cycle parameters. For heat capacities of CO2 are significantly different as a function of temperature and pressure, flow recompression was considered. Calculation was based on a split-flow cycle configuration. The split flow ratio was also analyzed. Finally, the parameters of S-CO2 cycle were optimized for HTGR. In conclusion, S-CO2 Brayton cycle will be a good option for future HTGR.
Outcomes of idiopathic chronic large pericardial effusion
Authors: Imazio Massimo , Lazaros George , Valenti Anna , De Carlini Caterina Chiara , Maggiolini Stefano , Pivetta Emanuele , Giustetto Carla , Tousoulis Dimitris , Adler Yehuda , Rinaldi Mauro , Brucato Antonio 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveAim of this paper is to evaluate the outcomes of ‘idiopathic’ chronic large pericardial effusions without initial evidence of pericarditis.MethodsAll consecutive cases of idiopathic chronic large pericardial effusions evaluated from 2000 to 2015 in three Italian tertiary referral centres for pericardial diseases were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. The term ‘idiopathic’ was applied to cases that performed a complete diagnostic evaluation to exclude a specific aetiology. A clinical and echocardiographic follow-up was performed every 3–6 months.Results100 patients were included (mean age 61.3±14.6 years, 54 females, 44 patients were asymptomatic according to clinical evaluation) with a mean follow-up of 50 months. The baseline median size of the effusion (evaluated as the largest end-diastolic echo-free space) was 25 mm (IQR 8) and decreased to a mean value of 7 mm (IQR 19; p<0.0001) with complete regression in 39 patients at the end of follow-up. There were no new aetiological diagnoses. Adverse events were respectively: cardiac tamponade in 8 patients (8.0%), pericardiocentesis in 30 patients (30.0%), pericardial window in 12 cases (12.0%) and pericardiectomy in 3 patients (3.0%). Recurrence-free survival and complications-free survival was better in patients treated without interventions (log rank p=0.0038).ConclusionsThe evolution of ‘idiopathic’ chronic large pericardial effusions is usually benign with reduction of the size of the effusion in the majority of cases, and regression in about 40% of cases. The risk of cardiac tamponade is 2.2%/year and recurrence/complications survival was better in patients treated conservatively without interventions.
Photogrammetric surveying forests and woodlands with UAVs: techniques for automatic removal of vegetation and digital terrain model production for hydrological applications
Authors: Giagkas Fotis , Patias Petros , Georgiadis Charalampos 
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is the photogrammetric survey of a forested area using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and the estimation of the digital terrain model (DTM) of the area, based on the photogrammetrically produced digital surface model (DSM). Furthermore, through the classification of the height difference between a DSM and a DTM, a vegetation height model is estimated, and a vegetation type map is produced. Finally, the generated DTM was used in a hydrological analysis study to determine its suitability compared to the usage of the DSM. The selected study area was the forest of Seih-Sou (Thessaloniki). The DTM extraction methodology applies classification and filtering of point clouds, and aims to produce a surface model including only terrain points (DTM). The method yielded a DTM that functioned satisfactorily as a basis for the hydrological analysis. Also, by classifying the DSM–DTM difference, a vegetation height model was generated. For the photogrammetric survey, 495 aerial images were used, taken by a UAV from a height of ∼200 m. A total of 44 ground control points were measured with an accuracy of 5 cm. The accuracy of the aerial triangulation was approximately 13 cm. The produced dense point cloud, counted 146 593 725 points.
TET2 Deficiency Causes Germinal Center Hyperplasia, Impairs Plasma Cell Differentiation, and Promotes B-cell Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Dominguez Pilar M. , Ghamlouch Hussein , Rosikiewicz Wojciech , Kumar Parveen , Béguelin Wendy , Fontán Lorena , Rivas Martín A. , Pawlikowska Patrycja , Armand Marine , Mouly Enguerran , Torres-Martin Miguel , Doane Ashley S. , Calvo Fernandez María T. , Durant Matt , Della-Valle Veronique , Teater Matt , Cimmino Luisa , Droin Nathalie , Tadros Saber , Motanagh Samaneh , Shih Alan H. , Rubin Mark A. , Tam Wayne , Aifantis Iannis , Levine Ross L. , Elemento Olivier , Inghirami Giorgio , Green Michael R. , Figueroa Maria E. , Bernard Olivier A. , Aoufouchi Said , Li Sheng , Shaknovich Rita , Melnick Ari M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

TET2 somatic mutations occur in ∼10% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) but are of unknown significance. Herein, we show that TET2 is required for the humoral immune response and is a DLBCL tumor suppressor. TET2 loss of function disrupts transit of B cells through germinal centers (GC), causing GC hyperplasia, impaired class switch recombination, blockade of plasma cell differentiation, and a preneoplastic phenotype. TET2 loss was linked to focal loss of enhancer hydroxymethylation and transcriptional repression of genes that mediate GC exit, such as PRDM1. Notably, these enhancers and genes are also repressed in CREBBP-mutant DLBCLs. Accordingly, TET2 mutation in patients yields a CREBBP-mutant gene-expression signature, CREBBP and TET2 mutations are generally mutually exclusive, and hydroxymethylation loss caused by TET2 deficiency impairs enhancer H3K27 acetylation. Hence, TET2 plays a critical role in the GC reaction, and its loss of function results in lymphomagenesis through failure to activate genes linked to GC exit signals.

Significance:
We show that TET2 is required for exit of the GC, B-cell differentiation, and is a tumor suppressor for mature B cells. Loss of TET2 phenocopies CREBBP somatic mutation. These results advocate for sequencing TET2 in patients with lymphoma and for the testing of epigenetic therapies to treat these tumors.
See related commentary by Shingleton and Dave, p. 1515.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1494
Males increase their fitness by choosing large females in the common bedbug Cimex lectularius
Authors: Kaufmann Elena , Otti Oliver 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Mate choice is often a role assigned to females. Already Darwin realised that males are eager to copulate, and females are choosy. However, male mate choice is not as rare as assumed. Males should choose females if females vary in quality, i.e., fecundity. Indeed, males often choose larger mates and through this preference increase fitness benefits. In addition, if mating costs reduce the number of copulations a male can potentially perform, he should be choosy. Bedbug females vary in their fecundity and female size is positively related to fecundity. Male bedbugs are limited in seminal fluid availability and, hence, the number of consecutive matings they can perform. Traumatic insemination gives males full control over mating, therefore low female mating resistance could further allow males to be choosy. Here, using mate choice arenas, we investigated if male bedbugs prefer to mate with large females. We observed mating behaviour and measured female fecundity to investigate potential male fitness benefits. Males chose to mate with large females 1.8 times more often than small females and large females laid significantly more eggs than small females. Our study provides first evidence for male mate choice based on female body size in bedbugs and males can increase their fitness by mating large females. It has to be further established if male mate choice is driven by mating costs in terms of ejaculate investment and if such male mate choice based on female size could be a driver of sexual size dimorphism in bedbugs.
Characterizing Antecedent Conditions Prior to Annual Maximum Flood Events in a High-Elevation Watershed Using Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Holman Kathleen D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Flood frequency estimates are required for many water management and design engineering projects, including dam safety risk management activities. Most studies assume that annual or peak-over-threshold flood events are sampled from a single homogeneous population, an assumption that is sometimes invalid. In this study, we characterize conditions prior to annual maximum flood events in the Taylor Park watershed between water years 1981 and 2016 using historical observations and the self-organizing maps (SOM) algorithm. Inputs to the SOM algorithm include annual maximum daily reservoir inflow, annual maximum snow water equivalent (SWE), SWE melt length, and 4-day antecedent precipitation. Four-day antecedent precipitation is defined as the precipitation accumulated over the 3 days prior to and on the day of the annual maximum event. Results based on a 2 × 2 SOM output map, which represents four flood categories, suggest that 58% of events are the result of snowmelt with a near-negligible contribution from antecedent precipitation, 17% of events are the result of snowmelt combined with large antecedent precipitation, and the remaining 25% of events are the result of snowmelt with no contribution from antecedent precipitation. These results, which highlight the existence of more than one flood mechanism, may have implications for future flood frequency analyses in this watershed and other watersheds within the region.
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and its relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Guizhou, China
Authors: Hong-Bi Song , Yin Xu , Xiaowu Yang , Ying Wang , Yang Xu , Ting Cao , Na Wei 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women in Guizhou, China and its correlation with adverse infant and maternal outcomes during the perinatal period. Methods In total, 220 pregnant women who received perinatal care and delivered in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from November 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled. Each woman’s serum vitamin D concentration was tested during early pregnancy, and its correlation with adverse infant and maternal outcomes in the perinatal period was analyzed. Results The mean serum vitamin D concentration was 29.5 ± 5.8 nmol/L. More than 90% of pregnant women had vitamin D insufficiency. Additionally, 38.4% of women with vitamin D deficiency and 22.2% with vitamin D inadequacy developed adverse perinatal outcomes. The vitamin D level was negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among pregnant women in Guizhou, China. The incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes was far higher in association with vitamin D deficiency than sufficiency. A negative correlation was found between the vitamin D level and the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women. Therefore, targeted screening and proper supplementation are needed during early pregnancy.
Gender Inequality in Postcapitalism: Theorizing Institutions for a Democratic Socialism
Authors: Hopkins Barbara E. 
Published: October 2018

In this paper, I explore the implications for gender equality of building democratic institutions in workplaces and democratic planning in the economy. I review proposals for postcapitalism and consider whether those institutional innovations are likely to address three aspects of gender equality: discrimination and harassment at work, adequate provision for care work, and social control over consumer decisions. I propose three areas for developing competency at democratic decision making that could improve gender equity. JEL Classification: P4, B54
Drivers of Bank Solvency, Risk Provisioning and Profitability in the Armenian Banking System
Authors: Pakhchanyan Suren , Prokop Jörg , Sahakyan Gor 
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of bank-specific, regulatory and macroeconomic determinants on solvency, risk provisioning, and profitability in the Armenian banking sector. We show that abnormal loan growth is associated with a decrease in regulatory capital ratios, an increase in loan loss provisions, and a reduction in loan portfolio profitability. In addition, we observe an inverse relationship between GDP growth and bank solvency as well as profitability. Regarding regulation, we identify a decrease in regulatory capital ratios as well as a drop in profitability after the implementation of the Basel II Accord. JEL Classification: G32, G21, G28