bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and tolerability of lurbinectedin (PM01183) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Benton Christopher B. , Chien Kelly S. , Tefferi Ayalew , Rodriguez Jose , Ravandi Farhad , Daver Naval , Jabbour Elias , Jain Nitin , Alvarado Yesid , Kwari Monica , Pierce Sherry , Maiti Abhishek , Hornbaker Marisa , Santos Margarida A. , Martinez Sara , Siguero Mariano , Zblewski Darci , Al‐Kali Aref , Hogan William J. , Kantarjian Hagop , Pardanani Animesh , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTrabectedin is an FDA‐approved DNA minor groove binder that has activity against translocation‐associated sarcomas. Lurbinectedin is a next‐generation minor groove binder with preclinical activity against myeloid leukemia cells. A dose‐finding phase 1 clinical trial was performed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with further assessment of safety and tolerability. Forty‐two patients with relapsed/refractory AML/MDS received lurbinectedin administered as a 1‐hour intravenous infusion in a 3 + 3 study design. Two dosing schedules were used: 3.5, 5, 7, or 6 mg on days 1 and 8 or 2, 3, 1, or 1.5 mg for 3 consecutive days on days 1 to 3. Three patients experienced dose‐limiting toxicities of rhabdomyolysis (grade 4), hyperbilirubinemia (grade 3), and oral herpes (grade 3) with the day 1 and 8 schedule. Otherwise, adverse events mainly consisted of gastrointestinal manifestations (n = 11), febrile neutropenia/infections (n = 4), pulmonary toxicity (n = 2), and renal failure (n = 2). The most common laboratory abnormalities observed were an increase in creatinine (93%) and anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia (100%). Overall, 33 of 42 patients (79%) had reduction in blasts in peripheral blood or bone marrow. One patient achieved a partial response and 2 patients a morphologic leukemia‐free state. Most (n = 30, 71%) were discontinued due to progressive disease. Early deaths occurred from disease‐related causes that were not attributable to lurbinectedin. Four patients with a chromosome 11q21‐23 abnormality had significantly greater bone marrow blast reduction than those without such abnormality, with decrease of 31 ± 14% (n = 4) vs 8 ± 8% (n = 16), respectively (P = .04). Overall, lurbinectedin was safe and tolerated using the schedules and dose levels tested. While no sustained remissions were observed, single‐agent lurbinectedin was transiently leukemia suppressive for some patients.
A Plea for Identity and Criticality: Reframing Literacy Learning Standards Through a Four‐Layered Equity Model
Authors: Muhammad Gholnecsar E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCurrently, learning standards that govern schools are skills and knowledge centered, but when revisiting historical roots of literacy learning in communities of color, literacy was much more expansive and advanced to also include goals of identity meaning making and criticality. In this essay, the author argues for a reframed set of learning standards in literacy education—one that is grounded in the historical excellence of literacy development. The four‐layeredHILLframework offered in the essay embodies a teaching and learning model that is in concert for advancing students’ identity, skill development, intellectualism and criticality. This model becomes essential for youth in classrooms, especially youth of color who have been traditionally marginalized in learning standards, policies, and school practices. Further, the framework incorporates multiple theoretical orientations to pedagogy including cognitive, sociocultural, critical and sociohistorical theories.
Switching generalized autoregressive score copula models with application to systemic risk
Authors: Bernardi Mauro , Catania Leopoldo 
Published: August 2018

SummaryRecent financial disasters have emphasized the need to accurately predict extreme financial losses and their consequences for the institutions belonging to a given financial market. The ability of econometric models to predict extreme events strongly relies on their flexibility to account for the highly nonlinear and asymmetric dependence patterns observed in financial time series. In this paper, we develop a new class of flexible copula models where the dependence parameters evolve according to a Markov switching generalized autoregressive score (GAS) dynamics. Maximum likelihood estimation is performed using a two‐step procedure where the second step relies on the expectation–maximization algorithm. The proposed switching GAS copula models are then used to estimate the conditional value at risk and the conditional expected shortfall, measuring the impact on an institution of extreme events affecting another institution or the market. The empirical investigation, conducted on a panel of European regional portfolios, reveals that the proposed model is able to explain and predict the evolution of the systemic risk contributions over the period 1999–2015.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐133a inhibits gastric cancer cells growth, migration, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process by targeting presenilin 1
Authors: Chen Xin‐Bo , Li Wei , Chu Ai‐Xia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Accumulating evidence reported that microRNA (miR)‐133a was involved in GC. This study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of miR‐133a in the development and progression of GC. The expression of miR‐133a and presenilin 1 (PSEN1) in two GC cell lines, SGC‐7901 and BGC‐823, were inhibited and overexpressed by transient transfections. Thereafter, cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were measured by trypan blue exclusion assay, transwell migration assay, and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify whether PSEN1 was a direct target of miR‐133a. Furthermore, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were mainly performed to assess the expression changes of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐associated proteins, apoptosis‐related proteins, and Notch pathway proteins. MiR‐133a inhibitor significantly increased cell viability and migration, while miR‐133a mimic decreased cell viability, migration, and induced apoptosis. miR‐133a suppression accelerated transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)‐induce EMT, as evidenced by upregulation of E‐cadherin, and downregulation of N‐cadherin, vimentin, and Slug. Of contrast, miR‐133a overexpression blocked TGF‐β1‐induce EMT by altering these factors. PSEN1 was a direct target of miR‐133a, and suppression of PSEN1 abolished the promoting functions of miR‐133 suppression on cell growth and metastasis. Moreover, PSEN1 inhibition decreased Notch 1, Notch 2, and Notch 3 protein expressions. This study demonstrates an antigrowth and antimetastasis role of miR‐133a in GC cells. Additionally, miR‐133a acts as a tumor suppressor may be via targeting PSEN1.
Characterization and proteomic profiling of pancreatic cancer‐derived serum exosomes
Authors: Jiao Yu‐J. , Jin Dan‐D. , Jiang Feng , Liu Jin‐X. , Qu Li‐S. , Ni Wen‐K. , Liu Zhao‐X. , Lu Cui‐H. , Ni Run‐Z. , Zhu Jing , Xiao Ming‐B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers known worldwide, and its prognosis is poor in most patients. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles, which are released from various cell types. They are involved in cellular communication. The diagnosis and treatment of PC were improved substantially with exosomes. In this study, we isolated PC‐derived exosomes and investigated their proteomic profile. Then, we conducted bioinformatic analysis on proteomic data. Differential ultracentrifugation was performed to isolate exosomes from human serum samples and four PC cell lines. Transmission electron microscopy and Western blot analysis were used to characterize the isolated exosomes. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was conducted to identify the proteome of serum exosomes. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that all the serum exosomes were derived from three cohorts of human subjects; these serum exosomes contained a total of 655 proteins, out of which 315 proteins overlapped with ExoCarta database. Gene oncology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses provided the functional annotation of the proteome. Interestingly, 18 or 14 proteins were upregulated and 11 or 14 proteins were downregulated in serum exosomes derived from patients with PC as compared with in serum exosomes derived from healthy volunteers or from pancreatitis patients respectively. Annexin A11, a calcium‐dependent phospholipid‐binding protein, was expressed in a PC cell line (CFPAC‐1)‐derived exosomes and in tumor tissues of patients with PC, respectively. Our data provided a basic foundation for further studies on the protein composition of PC‐derived exosomes and its involvement in PC biology.
Blocking CXCR1/2 contributes to amelioration of lipopolysaccharide‐induced sepsis by downregulating substance P
Authors: Wang Miaoshu , Zhong Danfeng , Dong Ping , Song Yukang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesC‐X‐C chemokine receptor types 1/2 (CXCR1/2) is known to be activated in liver damage in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure; however, the role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced sepsis is unknown. The current study was designed to determine whether or not CXCR1/2 blockade with reparixin ameliorates acute lung injury (ALI) by affecting neuropeptides in a LPS‐induced sepsis mouse model.Materials and MethodsMale C57BL/6 mice (10 to 14‐week old) were divided into sham, LPS, sham‐R, and LPS‐R groups. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected and evaluated. The lung histopathology was assessed by immunocytochemistry staining. Western blot analysis was used to measure myeloperoxidase, substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide.ResultsLPS‐induced animal models were ameliorated by cotreatment with a CXCR1/2 antagonist. Moreover, the protective effects of CXCR1/2 antagonists were attributed to the increased secretion of pro‐opiomelanocortin and decreased the secretion of SP. Reparixin decreased the expression of necroptosis cell death markers induced by LPS.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that blockade of CXCR1/2 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis‐associated ALI through regulation of neuropeptides and necroptosis.
Chronic fatigue syndrome and the somatic expression of emotional distress: Applying the concept of illusory mental health to address the controversy
Authors: Bram Anthony D. , Gottschalk Kiley A. , Leeds William M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe process of somatization in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was investigated using the concept of illusory mental health (IMH). IMH involves self‐reporting low emotional distress alongside performance‐based assessment of distress.MethodWe studied IHM and physical symptoms in 175 women across four groups: (a) CFS plus depression; (b) CFS with no depression (CFS‐ND); (c) depressive disorder without CFS; and (d) healthy controls (HC). IMH was assessed using a self‐report measure plus the performance‐based Early Memory Index (EMI).ResultsCFS‐NDs were no more likely to have IMH compared with HCs. Among the CFS‐NDs, IMH was associated with more physical symptoms. For CFS‐NDs, EMI added meaningfully beyond self‐reported mental health in predicting physical symptoms.ConclusionFindings refute reducing CFS to somatization, but there is a subgroup of CFS whose lacking access to emotional distress is associated with heightened physical symptomatology.
A qualitative study to explore paraprofessionals’ role in school‐based prevention and early intervention mental health services
Authors: Rusch Dana , Walden Angela L. , Gustafson Erika , Lakind Davielle , Atkins Marc S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study explored the role of paraprofessionals within a school‐based prevention and early intervention program to promote children's engagement in learning and positive parenting practices. Study aims were designed to understand how paraprofessionals perceive their role in high‐need communities and how they define their work within schools. Two focus groups were conducted with school family liaisons (SFLs) during the 2015–2016 school year. Transcribed audio recordings were coded using thematic analysis wherein 2 authors coded independently, followed by audited discussion and final consensus codes. SFLs acknowledged the importance of serving high‐need communities and relationship building was central to their role. They leveraged contextual knowledge (culture, language, and neighborhood) to engage parents, allowing them to serve as effective advocates for parents/families in the school setting. Findings support the importance of paraprofessionals in prevention‐focused services and highlight how leveraging shared experiences and prioritizing relationship building facilitates their work as advocates within schools.
Changes in Health‐Related Quality of Life in People With Intellectual Disabilities Who Discontinue Long‐Term Used Antipsychotic Drugs for Challenging Behaviors
Authors: Ramerman Lotte , Hoekstra Pieter J. , de Kuijper Gerda 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHealth‐related quality of life in people with intellectual disabilities can be affected by challenging behaviors and side effects of antipsychotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of discontinuation antipsychotic drugs on health‐related quality of life, including data from 2 discontinuation trials: an open‐label trial of various antipsychotic drugs and a double‐blind trial of risperidone. In both studies, antipsychotics were discontinued in 14 weeks, with steps of 12.5% of the baseline dosage every 2 weeks. Health‐related quality of life was measured at baseline and at 16 weeks, and 40 weeks after baseline, by means of the RAND‐36 (domains on physical well‐being, role limitations caused by physical or emotional problems, vitality, pain, mental well‐being, social functioning, general health, and changes in health). Participants who had completely discontinued antipsychotics according to the scheduled discontinuation and were still free of use at 40 weeks were compared with those who had incompletely discontinued. Physical well‐being showed an increase in the group that had achieved complete discontinuation. Social functioning showed a decrease in the group that incompletely discontinued, which recovered at follow‐up. Mental well‐being decreased at 16 weeks but recovered at follow‐up, regardless of complete or incomplete discontinuation. To conclude, discontinuation of antipsychotics had a positive effect on physical well‐being when complete discontinuation was possible. When complete discontinuation was not possible, there was a negative effect on health‐related quality‐of‐life domains. However, none of the unfavorable effects were irreversible.
Hospitals should replace emergency codes with plain language
Authors: Dauksewicz Benjamin W. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe common and frequent use of emergency codes by hospitals to communicate during life‐threatening emergencies routinely segregates hospital staff from patients, visitors, and first‐responders during emergencies by providing each group with a different level of information regarding the threat. By relying on codes instead of plain language to communicate during an emergency, a hospital may introduce ambiguity into a potentially life‐threatening situation. Consequently, this means that coded alerts may endanger staff, patients, and visitors rather than protecting them from threats.This paper will maintain that (1) relying on codes, even standardized color codes for hospitals, interferes with the full integration of health care into the National Incident Management System (NIMS); (2) that planning to use plain language notifications improves coordination among response partners and ultimately increases safety for hospital patients, staff, and visitors; and (3) that the change to plain language is both practical and possible. This paper identifies both real world events and studies that demonstrate the benefits of using plain language alerts with directive messaging to elicit the desired response among members of the public during emergencies. This paper also presents guides that hospitals can use to transition from coded emergency messaging to plain language emergency alerts.
The utility of cross‐sectional imaging in the management of suspected scaphoid fractures
Authors: Wijetunga Asanka R. , Tsang Venessa H. , Giuffre Bruno 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionScaphoid fractures are the commonest carpal bone fracture. If untreated they pose significant risk to patients, thus if a scaphoid fracture is suspected, patients are managed with immobilisation. Although scaphoid fractures may be difficult to diagnose on plain radiography, sometimes for months after injury, ongoing radiographic surveillance is preferred due to its low upfront cost. Patients in immobilising casts for long periods experience significant personal and social ramifications such as difficulty working and self‐caring. This study examines whether cross‐sectional imaging by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is quicker than serial X‐ray surveillance at allowing a scaphoid fracture to be either excluded or confirmed.MethodsA retrospective record review was performed of the 1709 patients who presented to Royal North Shore Hospital in 2015 with wrist injuries, finding 104 patients clinically suspicious for a fractured scaphoid.ResultsAll patients were examined by X‐ray during their initial hospital presentation, providing 33.7% of final diagnoses in 0.6 ± 1.7 days. However, if initial X‐ray proved inconclusive, subsequent serial X‐ray surveillance made a final diagnosis after a mean of 24.1 ± 17.2 days, with some being immobilised for up to 67 days before diagnosis. Cross‐sectional imaging significantly reduced diagnosis time to 9.8 ± 5.8 days (P = 0.0016), with a maximum immobilisation time of 24 days.ConclusionCross‐sectional imaging allows for faster scaphoid fracture diagnosis than X‐ray. We propose a protocol for scaphoid fracture diagnosis wherein patients undergo two episodes of X‐ray separated by 7 days, followed by a single MRI if clinical suspicion remains, minimising unnecessary immobilisation.
Efficacy and safety of cardioversion with continuous landiolol infusion for atrial tachyarrhythmia in an inflammatory state caused by volvulus in a child with TARP syndrome and postoperative tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Miyamoto Kenji , Ishii Junpei , Fukuda Hironobu , Ariga Shinichiro , Suzumura Hiroshi , Kurosawa Hidemitsu , Kamijima Toru , Yamaguchi Takeshi , Ogino Megumi , Tsuchioka Takashi , Yoshihara Shigemi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA 2‐year‐old boy was diagnosed with TARP syndrome and underwent surgery for tetralogy of Fallot. He developed fever and had an acute abdomen. After 12 hours, atrial tachyarrhythmia (300 beats/min [bpm]) occurred. After nine administration of adenosine and two cardioversions, it relapsed promptly. Landiolol (10 μg/kg/min) was administered until the heart rate decreased to 270 bpm, and cardioversion was performed until sinus rhythm was normal. Exploratory laparotomy revealed small bowel volvulus. Systemic inflammation causing an acute abdomen may be associated with atrial tachyarrhythmia in postoperative tetralogy of Fallot. We speculated that landiolol lowered the defibrillation threshold of the atrium.
Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in nonischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Okubo Kenji , Gigli Lorenzo , Della Bella Paolo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe number of patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) undergoing catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) has increased by the years, however, there are no randomized studies of VT ablation in this population. Many studies have reported more mixed or inferior outcome after the ablation in patients with NICM as compared to in those with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM)—likely because of the heterogeneous VT substrates in each etiology. While, various ablation strategies for substrate modification in the setting of ICM, including low voltage area ablation, late potential abolition, and local abnormal ventricular activity elimination, have been well established, it is still unknown which ablation strategy is effective for prevention of recurrence VTs in NICM patients. Therefore, this review will highlight the recent progress made in VT ablation in patients with NICM.
Cost, Time, and Error Assessment During Preparation of Parenteral Nutrition: Multichamber Bags Versus Hospital‐Compounded Bags
Authors: Berlana David , Almendral M. Asunción , Abad María Reyes , Fernández Ana , Torralba Amalia , Cervera‐Peris Mercedes , Piñeiro Guadalupe , Romero‐Jiménez Rosa , Vázquez Amparo , Ramírez Esther , Yébenes María , Muñoz Álvaro 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundParenteral nutrition (PN) is associated with material and manpower costs and requires preparation time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost of PN using multichamber bags (MCBs) compared with hospital‐compounded bags (COBs). The secondary aim of this study was to assess and compare preparation time and errors related to the production and preparation processes of PN bags.Materials and MethodsA prospective, observational, cost‐accounting study was conducted in 10 Spanish hospital pharmacy services. The cost assessments included components, raw materials, and hospital staff. Only PN bags with equivalent volume and nutrition value were included in the analyses. Assessment of errors related to PN was performed simultaneously with the cost and time comparison analyses.ResultsAmong the 597 PN bags (295 MCBs, 302 COBs) evaluated, 392 PN bags (295 MCBs, 97 COBs) had an equivalent volume and nutrition value. The mean (standard deviation) total cost of the MCB was $62.11 ($12.34) per bag compared with $67.54 ($8.50) per bag for COBs, resulting in a significant cost savings of $5.71. On average, the time required to prepare an MCB was 38 minutes shorter (P < .001). Significantly fewer total number (percent) of errors was observed in the preparation of MCBs (3 [1.0%]) compared with COBs (15 [5.0%]); P < .01).ConclusionThe use of MCBs results in significant savings in cost and preparation time, which may have a beneficial effect on the economic burden associated with PN as well as a reduction in errors related to PN preparation.
Solid‐state reflective displays (SRD®) for video‐rate, full color, outdoor readable displays
Authors: Talagrand Clement , Triggs Graham , Bandhu Lokeshwar , Garcia‐Castillo Sergio , Broughton Ben , Bhaskaran Harish , Hosseini Peiman 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSolid‐state reflective displays (SRD®) have been proposed as a new route for next generation reflective displays. We present the first optical measurements of a combined RGBW states, together with a simulated black state. These results demonstrate the feasibility of a future high performance, video capable, full color, solid‐state reflective display.