bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidden Dangers: Pulmonary Embolism Risk in Sickle Cell Trait - Insights from the NIS Database 2020
Authors: Sanjeevi Aditya , Vijay Rao Aniket , Bhandari Samikchhya Keshary , Jose Domench Daniel Idoate , Kharel Himal 
Published: December 2024

Background: Sickle cell trait is a genetic condition that occurs when an individual inherits a gene for normal hemoglobin (HbA) and a gene for sickle hemoglobin (HbS). Patients are usually asymptomatic and are diagnosed through screening tests followed by genetic analyses. In this study, we aim to compare the incidence of PE in patients with sickle trait and those without it to determine if sickle cell trait increased the risk of development of PE.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the NIS database 2020 with an International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for sickle cell trait, PE and other comorbid conditions. STATA version SE 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. We used multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities to determine the odds of developing PE in patients with sickle cell trait in comparison to those without it.
Results: During our study period, we noted a total number 31,766,068 hospitalizations out of which sickle cell trait hospitalizations accounted for 56,195. The median age of patients with sickle cell trait hospitalizations was 35.6 years (95% CI 35.05-36.33) and there was a female predominance. 56.39% of the patients with a sickle cell trait related hospitalization had a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of 56.39%, 17.75% had a CCI 1, 7.48% had a CCI of 2 and 18.38% had a CCI of 3. The total number of PE cases noted in the group without sickle cell trait was 181,565 while the number of PE cases in patient with sickle cell trait was 455 during the study period. We did a subgroup analysis in patients with sickle cell trait related hospitalization after adjusting for age, gender, race, CCI and the risk factors for PE such as smoking, oral contraceptive intake, obesity, history of thrombosis, thrombophilia, cancer, myeloproliferative neoplasms, fracture, COPD, and varicose veins using multivariate regression analysis. This revealed that the sickle cell trait group had higher odds of developing PE with an aOR - 1.56 (95% CI 1.26-1.94, p&lt;0.001)
Conclusions: Our study shows that patients with sickle cell trait are at significantly increased odds of developing PE in comparison to patients without the trait. While this highlights the heightened thrombotic risk associated with sickle cell trait, we must also appreciate the fact that thus far the mechanism by which this happens is poorly understood. One proposed mechanism is tPA resistance induced by sickle cells indicating a complex interplay between various blood cell types. Further studies are needed to explore the role of sickle cell trait as a risk factor in adverse health outcomes.
The paternal influence on early childhood development in Africa: implications for child and adolescent mental health
Authors: Osborne Augustus , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis commentary examines the influence of fathers in early childhood development in Africa and its implications for child and adolescent mental health. Historically overshadowed by maternal influence, research increasingly highlights the multifaceted impact of paternal involvement on children’s cognitive, emotional, social, and behavioural development. Fathers contribute uniquely to children’s mental growth through stimulating play and rich language interaction. Their emotional engagement fosters children’s self-esteem and resilience. Moreover, fathers influence social skills by modelling interactions and encouraging exploration. Paternal involvement is linked to improved behaviour regulation. Beyond direct interaction, factors such as paternal mental health, economic stability, and co-parenting dynamics also shape child outcomes. Despite the impact of engaged fatherhood on children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development, many fathers encounter barriers such as economic pressures, cultural norms, and migration. These challenges often hinder their ability to participate actively in their children’s lives, resulting in a disconnect that can affect family dynamics and child well-being. Addressing cultural and societal barriers to father involvement is crucial to optimise child development. To address these issues, the paper outlines several key policy implications aimed at promoting paternal involvement. This commentary serves as a foundation for further exploration of fathers’ complex and vital role in shaping children's lives.
Multimodal genome-wide survey of progressing and non-progressing breast ductal carcinoma in-situ
Authors: Debeljak Marija , Cho Soonweng , Downs Bradley M. , Considine Michael , Avin-McKelvey Brittany , Wang Yongchun , Perez Phillip N. , Grizzle William E. , Hoadley Katherine A. , Lynch Charles F. , Hernandez Brenda Y. , van Diest Paul J. , Cozen Wendy , Hamilton Ann S. , Hawes Debra , Gabrielson Edward , Cimino-Mathews Ashley , Florea Liliana D. , Cope Leslie , Umbricht Christopher B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive form of invasive breast cancer (IBC). Due to improved breast cancer screening, it now accounts for ~ 25% of all breast cancers. While the treatment success rates are over 90%, this comes at the cost of considerable morbidity, considering that the majority of DCIS never become invasive and our understanding of the molecular changes occurring in DCIS that predispose to invasive disease is limited. The aim of this study is to characterize molecular changes that occur in DCIS, with the goal of improving DCIS risk stratification.

Methods
We identified and obtained a total of 197 breast tissue samples from 5 institutions (93 DCIS progressors, 93 DCIS non-progressors, and 11 adjacent normal breast tissues) that had at least 10-year follow-up. We isolated DNA and RNA from archival tissue blocks and characterized genome-wide mRNA expression, DNA methylation, DNA copy number variation, and RNA splicing variation.

Results
We obtained all four genomic data sets in 122 of the 197 samples. Our intrinsic expression subtype-stratified analyses identified multiple molecular differences both between DCIS subtypes and between DCIS and IBC. While there was heterogeneity in molecular signatures and outcomes within intrinsic subtypes, several gene sets that differed significantly between progressing and non-progressing DCIS were identified by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.

Conclusion
DCIS is a molecularly highly heterogenous disease with variable outcomes, and the molecular events determining DCIS disease progression remain poorly defined. Our genome-wide multi-omic survey documents DCIS-associated alterations and reveals molecular heterogeneity within the intrinsic DCIS subtypes. Further studies investigating intrinsic subtype-stratified characteristics and molecular signatures are needed to determine if these may be exploitable for risk assessment and mitigation of DCIS progression. The highly significant associations of specific gene sets with IBC progression revealed by our Gene Set Enrichment Analysis may lend themselves to the development of a prognostic molecular score, to be validated on independent DCIS cohorts.
Rore: robust and efficient antioxidant protein classification via a novel dimensionality reduction strategy based on learning of fewer features
Authors: Meng Chaolu , Hou Yongqi , Zou Quan , Shi Lei , Su Xi , Ju Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In protein identification, researchers increasingly aim to achieve efficient classification using fewer features. While many feature selection methods effectively reduce the number of model features, they often cause information loss caused by merely selecting or discarding features, which limits classifier performance. To address this issue, we present Rore, an algorithm based on a feature-dimensionality reduction strategy. By mapping the original features to a latent space, Rore retains all relevant feature information while using fewer representations of the latent features. This approach significantly preserves the original information and overcomes the information loss problem associated with previous feature selection. Through extensive experimental validation and analysis, Rore demonstrated excellent performance on an antioxidant protein dataset, achieving an accuracy of 95.88% and MCC of 91.78%, using vectors including only 15 features. The Rore algorithm is available online at http://112.124.26.17:8021/Rore.
Remission of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A After Adrenalectomy
Authors: Sato Megumi , Otsuki Michio , Mori Tomomi , Yanagida Juro , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Nakagami Tomoko 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 37-year-old man presented with symptoms of polyuria and weight loss over the past year. Initial laboratory examination showed elevated blood glucose level (468 mg/dL [25.9 mmol/L]; normal reference range [RR], 75-109 mg/dL [4.1-6.0 mmol/L]), high glycated hemoglobin A1c (13.2% [120 mmol/mol]; RR, 4.6-6.2% [26-44 mmol/mol]), low urinary C-peptide excretion (17.4 μg/day [5.76 nmol/day]; RR, 18.3-124.4 μg/day [6.0-41.1 nmol/day]), and ketosis, leading to a diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Subsequent investigations identified medullary thyroid carcinoma and bilateral pheochromocytomas. Given the detected RET gene variant and the patient's family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A), the diagnosis of MEN2A was confirmed. Upon hospital admission, intensive insulin therapy was commenced, which resolved the symptoms and normalized blood glucose levels. Subsequently, laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy was performed, after which the patient's glucose tolerance normalized, eliminating the need for diabetes treatment and avoiding hypoglycemia. This case highlights the potential for catecholamine-induced suppression of insulin secretion via α2 action on pancreatic β-cells to be remission and rapidly improved by adrenalectomy in individuals with MEN2A experiencing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Safety Net Spending on Children and the Sources of Household Income Across U.S. States, 1997–2016
Authors: Jackson Margot I. , Wimer Christopher , Zilkha Chloe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
High levels of poverty and economic precarity in the United States relative to other countries have led to academic and policy debates about whether welfare state investments accomplish what they are intended to. Although social safety net spending clearly has antipoverty effects at the national level, there is scant evidence on the “resource pathway” presumed to underlie the effects of the local welfare state on families with children. Which types of public investments have especially contributed to the total resources of households with children? Understanding this question at the state level is important, given dramatic variation in states’ safety net spending on children and the rise of federalism, which increases state autonomy in designing and administering social programs. Using annual data from the 1997–2016 State-by-State Spending on Kids Dataset linked to data from the Census Bureau's Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey, we examine the relationship between transfer spending in states and household income sources. Findings suggest that government transfers raise the total income of households with the lowest income and educational levels and that transfer income among these households is more multidimensional than among higher resource households. Further, analyses using variation within and across states demonstrate that state-level spending in each area is associated with an increase in corresponding transfer income among non-college-educated households and those in the bottom half of the income distribution; such spending is associated with no increase (or a decrease) in transfer income among college-educated households and those in the top quarter of the income distribution. These results suggest that increases in state-level spending disproportionately benefit the budgets of households with the lowest resources and might be a promising means to reduce resource gaps between households.
Εναλλακτικές ιδέες προπτυχιακών φοιτητών/τριων Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης για το υδατικό αποτύπωμα
Authors: Γκίτσας Στέργιος , Μαλανδράκης Γεώργιος , Θεοδοσίου Νικόλαος , Λαμπρινός Νικόλαος 
Published: December 2024

Οι ανθρώπινες δραστηριότητες χρησιμοποιούν και ρυπαίνουν μεγάλες ποσότητες νερού. H χρήση της μεθοδολογίας του Υδατικού Αποτυπώματος (ΥΑ) μπορεί να βοηθήσει στην καλύτερη διαχείριση του νερού από τα άτομα και τις κυβερνήσεις. Η παρούσα έρευνα είχε ως σκοπό τη συλλογή πληροφοριών σχετικά με τις εναλλακτικές αντιλήψεις προπτυχιακών εκπαιδευτικών από Παιδαγωγικά Τμήματα Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης για το ΥΑ. Τα δεδομένα της έρευνας συλλέχθηκαν μέσω ηλεκτρονικού ερωτηματολογίου 9 Ερωτήσεων, το οποίο συμπληρώθηκε από 64 φοιτητές/τριες. Πραγματοποιήθηκε ανάλυση περιεχομένου στις απαντήσεις των φοιτητών/τριών με μονάδα ανάλυσης τη μονάδα νοήματος. Η ανάλυση περιεχομένου φανέρωσε πολλές εναλλακτικές αντιλήψεις και παρανοήσεις των συμμετεχόντων σχετικά με τον εννοιολογικό προσδιορισμό του ΥΑ.
Ανάπτυξη ταυτότητας διδασκαλίας Φυσικών Επιστημών από μελλοντικούς εκπαιδευτικούς Πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης σε κέντρο επιστήμης
Authors: Μιχαηλίδη Αιμιλία 
Published: December 2024

Στην παρούσα εργασία εξετάζεται η αξιοποίηση ενός κέντρου επιστήμης ως περιβάλλοντος για την προετοιμασία μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης υπό το πρίσμα της ανάπτυξης ταυτότητας διδασκαλίας Φυσικών Επιστημών. Οι 15 φοιτητές/τριες ΠΤΔΕ που συμμετείχαν στην έρευνα ανέπτυξαν διερευνητικές δραστηριότητες τις οποίες εφάρμοσαν στα πλαίσια οργανωμένων σχολικών επισκέψεων σε έναν εργαστηριακό χώρο άτυπης μάθησης. Τα δεδομένα που συλλέχθηκαν αποκαλύπτουν τις δυνατότητες που προσφέρουν αντίστοιχοι χώροι για την οικοδόμηση ταυτότητας διδασκαλίας Φυσικών Επιστημών καθώς και τις πτυχές της αναδυόμενης ταυτότητας διδασκαλίας ΦΕ που ενισχύονται.
Διερεύνηση των στάσεων εκπαιδευτικών Δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης απέναντι στα ψηφιακά μαθησιακά αντικείμενα
Authors: Τσερόλας Αλέξανδρος , Κόντου Ευθαλία 
Published: December 2024

Η ψηφιακή τεχνολογία παρέχει πολλές και ποικίλες ευκαιρίες στη νέα γενιά, για την απόκτηση γνώσης προκειμένου να ανταπεξέλθει στις απαιτήσεις της σύγχρονης εποχής. Τα ψηφιακά μαθησιακά αντικείμενα(ΨΜΑ), ως εκπαιδευτικοί και ελεύθεροι διαδικτυακοί πόροι, αποτελούν βασικό παράγοντα στον επανασχεδιασμό της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν διερεύνηση των στάσεων των εκπαιδευτικών δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης απέναντι στα Ψηφιακά Μαθησιακά Αντικείμενα, με παράδειγμα τα ΨΜΑ του Εθνικού αποθετηρίου «Φωτόδεντρο». Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το ερωτηματολόγιο από την έρευνα του Τσερόλα (2023). Η ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων επιβεβαίωσε τα όσα αναφέρει η εισαγωγή για τις στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών απέναντι στα ΨΜΑ.
Ενεργοποίηση και νοηματοδότηση διερευνητικών πρακτικών μελλοντικών νηπιαγωγών στο πλαίσιο της εκπαίδευσής τους: Μελέτη περίπτωσης
Authors: Ζουπίδης Αναστάσιος , Τσελφές Βασίλης , Καριώτογλου Πέτρος 
Published: December 2024

Στην εργασία αυτή μελετάμε (ως περίπτωση) τα μοτίβα ενεργοποίησης και νοηματοδότησης των διδακτικών πρακτικών δύο μελλοντικών νηπιαγωγών που μετείχαν σε εξαμηνιαίο μάθημα των φυσικών επιστημών με κύριο χαρακτηριστικό τη διερεύνηση. Ο στόχος της μελέτης είναι αφενός η εξακρίβωση των δυνατοτήτων του θεωρητικού μας μοντέλου να ανιχνεύει μοτίβα διδακτικών πρακτικών, καθώς και τη σχέση τους με συνδεδεμένες απόψεις/ γνώσεις και αφετέρου η δυνατότητα εξαγωγής, μέσω αυτής της ανάλυσης, συμπερασμάτων χρήσιμων για την εκπαίδευση των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών.
Εξελιγμένη μορφή του μοντέλου της NetLοgo για τη φωτιά στο δάσος: Μία διδακτική προσέγγιση σε μαθητές Δημοτικού
Authors: Μπενίση Αικατερίνη , Γκιολμάς Αριστοτέλης , Στούμπα Αρτεμησία , Χαλκίδης Άνθιμος , Μπόικος Ηλίας , Ψωμά Βασιλική , Κατσιαμπούρα Γιάννα , Σκορδούλης Κωνσταντίνος , Παπαναγιώτου Ζωγραφιά , Παπαναγιώτου Αλεξάνδρα - Τριανταφυλλιά 
Published: December 2024

Στην παρούσα εργασία προτείνεται και περιγράφεται μια διδακτική παρέμβαση, μεθοδολογικά στηριγμένη στην καθοδηγούμενη διερεύνηση, με αλληλεπίδραση με υπολογιστές και με χρήση του εργαλείου μοντελοποίησης, προσομοίωσης και προγραμματισμού της NetLogo. Εξελίξαμε το προϋπάρχουν μοντέλο “Fire” (“Φωτιά στο Δάσος”) (από τη Βιβλιοθήκη Μοντέλων της NetLogo) και προσθέσαμε επιπλέον παραμέτρους όπως η ταχύτητα και διεύθυνση του ανέμου, η πιθανότητα για χαμηλά ποσοστά υγρασίας και η δυνατότητα να τεθεί η εστία της φωτιάς στο κέντρο. Η παραπάνω προσέγγιση υλοποιείται σε μαθητές Δ’ Δημοτικού από σχολείο της Αθήνας. Σκοπός μας είναι οι μαθητές να αντιληφθούν τις βασικές έννοιες που διέπουν το “πολύπλοκο” σύστημα της φωτιάς αλληλεπιδρώντας με την προσομοίωση.
Το νέο πρόγραμμα σπουδών Φυσικής Λυκείου
Authors: Τόμπρας Γεώργιος , Κατέρης Αλέξανδρος , Πολυζώης Γεώργιος , Καλκάνης Γεώργιος Θ. 
Published: December 2024

Το 2023 ολοκληρώθηκε η σύνταξη του νέου Προγράμματος Σπουδών για τη Φυσική Λυκείου ενσωματώνοντας παρατηρήσεις/βελτιώσεις που προέκυψαν από την πιλοτική του εφαρμογή σε Πρότυπα και Πειραματικά σχολεία. Το Πρόγραμμα Σπουδών (ΠΣ) Φυσικής Λυκείου σε συνέργεια με αυτά της Φυσικής Γυμνασίου και των «Φυσικών» του Δημοτικού σχολείου (τάξεις Ε και ΣΤ), αναφέρονται στα ίδια θεματικά πεδία, που διατρέχουν όλες τις βαθμίδες, εμπλουτιζόμενες και λαμβάνοντας υπόψη, τα νεότερα πορίσματα της επιστήμης και της εκπαίδευσης με τεκμηρίωση που εδράζεται στην διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Βασική μέθοδος στην διδακτική πλαισίωση, είναι η επιστημονική-εκπαιδευτική μέθοδος με διερεύνηση, κεντρικό ρόλο στην οποία αποτελεί ο αποδεικτικός πειραματισμός που οδηγεί τους μαθητές στην εκπόνηση εργαστηριακής αναφοράς για την οποία αξιολογούνται. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο το ΠΣ εστιάζει στις επιστημονικές πρακτικές και τις ενσωματώνει στην διδακτική πλαισίωση και στον σχεδιασμό μάθησης. Οι επιστημονικές πρακτικές απαιτούν ταυτόχρονα συντονισμό γνώσης και δεξιοτήτων και η εμπλοκή των μαθητών στις πρακτικές των επιστημόνων τους προσφέρει μια καλύτερη κατανόηση του τι είναι επιστημονική γνώση και πώς αυτή παράγεται και τροποποιείται. Στο ΠΣ Φυσικής Λυκείου οι διδακτικοί μετασχηματισμοί του επιστημονικού περιεχομένου για κάθε τάξη λαμβάνουν υπόψη τις γνωστικές και γνωσιακές (ή ηλικιακές) ικανότητες, στάσεις και δεξιότητες των μαθητών/τριών, τις πολιτισμικές τους καταβολές ή / και την υλικοτεχνική υποστήριξη της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας και εκλαμβάνονται ως τελικό μορφωτικό αγαθό των μαθητών/τριών / μελλοντικών πολιτών.
Between Chaos and Cosmic Order
Authors: Dimakopoulos Stavros 
Published: December 2024

In Timaeus (30a ff.), Plato presents matter as a passive principle, inherently predisposed to disorder, subject to mechanistic necessity, and apparently devoid of any volition or predisposition towards the Demiurge. This cosmological framework, however, is not uniformly embraced by Middle Platonists. Instead, three divergent conceptions of matter emerge: one aligned with Plato’s notion of passivity, another in which matter resists the Demiurge with malevolence, and a third where it actively seeks union with the intelligible realm. This study pursues two primary objectives: first, to explore the ontological status and disposition of matter in relation to the intelligible within Middle Platonic thought; second, to elucidate why matter assumes such antithetical attributes.
Leadership and management: exploring culture shock in clinical settings in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Abdul-Rahim Hadi Zulhiqman , Abdul-Mumin Khadizah H 
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims For midwifery students, differences between the academic and clinical settings may cause culture shock, as a result of the dynamic and demanding nature of clinical practice. This study explored culture shock among midwifery students during clinical attachments in Brunei Darussalam, as they developed leadership and management skills. Methods Through written essays, 43 university students shared their perspectives on factors contributing to culture shock, challenges hindering clinical learning, and suggestions for how to enhance the learning experience. Their essays were analysed thematically. Results Culture shock resulted from a lack of familiarity with the clinical environment, role confusion related to leadership and poor communication and adaptability skills. The participants emphasised the importance of a gradual introduction to leadership, and advocated for more practical, hands-on learning. Conclusions Further research is needed to investigate additional strategies for improving students’ readiness in developing their leadership and managerial skills. Implications for practice Educators and clinical policymakers must collaborate to improve student preparation for clinical practice. Educators should address clinical challenges, while clinical policymakers should invest in training for staff to effectively mentor students.
Concomitant osteochondral lesion of the talus affects in vivo ankle kinetics in patients with chronic ankle instability
Authors: Cao Shengxuan , Chen Yungu , Zhu Yunchao , Jiang Shuyun , Yu Yan , Wang Xu , Wang Chen , Ma Xin 
Published: December 2024

AimsThis cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the in vivo ankle kinetic alterations in patients with concomitant chronic ankle instability (CAI) and osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT), which may offer opportunities for clinician intervention in treatment and rehabilitation.MethodsA total of 16 subjects with CAI (eight without OLT and eight with OLT) and eight healthy subjects underwent gait analysis in a stair descent setting. Inverse dynamic analysis was applied to ground reaction forces and marker trajectories using the AnyBody Modeling System. One-dimensional statistical parametric mapping was performed to compare ankle joint reaction force and joint moment curve among groups.ResultsThe patients with OLT showed significantly increased dorsiflexion moment in the ankle joint compared with healthy subjects during 38.2% to 40.9% of the gait cycle, and increased eversion moment in the ankle joint compared with patients without OLT during 25.5% to 27.6% of the gait cycle. Compared with healthy subjects, the patients with OLT showed increased anterior force during 42% to 43% of the gait cycle, and maximal medial force (p = 0.005, ηp2 = 0.399).ConclusionThe patients with concomitant CAI and OLT exhibit increased dorsiflexion and eversion moment, as well as increased anterior and medial ankle joint reaction force during stair descent, compared with patients with CAI but without OLT and healthy subjects, respectively. Thus, a rehabilitative regimen targeting excessive ankle dorsiflexion and eversion moment may help to reduce ankle joint loading.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(12):716–724.