bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers predictive value for early diagnosis of Stroke‐Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Zapata‐Arriaza Elena , Mancha Fernando , Bustamante Alejandro , Moniche Francisco , Pardo‐Galiana Blanca , Serrano‐Gotarredona Pilar , Navarro‐Herrero Silvia , Pallisa Esther , Faura Julia , Vega‐Salvatierra Ángela , Penalba Anna , Escudero‐Martínez Irene , Ramos‐Herrero Víctor Darío , Azurmendi Leire , Charles Sanchez Jean , Montaner Joan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo confirm the diagnostic accuracy of candidate biomarkers in stroke‐associated pneumonia (SAP), we prospectively enrolled ischemic stroke patients with NIHSS ≥ 10 on admission from March‐2016 to August‐2017. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 24 and 48 h after stroke onset. Biomarkers (MR‐proADM, suPAR, SAA) were determined by immunoassays. Regarding biomarkers, MR‐proADM at 24 h (P = 0.04) and both suPAR and SAA at 48 h (P = 0.036 and P = 0.057) were associated with pneumonia. The combination of SAA > 25.15 mg/dL and suPAR> 3.14 ng/mL at 48 h had 80% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity when both biomarkers were above the cut‐off. The evaluated biomarkers represent promising tools to be evaluated in future large, prospective studies on SAP. An accurate SAP diagnosis by thorax CT might help to reduce variability in such studies.
Monolithic Dual‐Material 3D Printing of Ionic Skins with Long‐Term Performance Stability
Authors: Yin Xiang‐Yu , Zhang Yue , Xiao Junfeng , Moorlag Carolyn , Yang Jun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractArtificial “ionic skin” is of great interest for mimicking the functionality of human skin, such as subtle pressure sensing. However, the development of ionic skin is hindered by the strict requirements of device integration and the need for devices with satisfactory performance. Here, a dual‐material printing strategy for ionic skin fabrication to eliminate signal drift and performance degradation during long‐term use is proposed, while endowing the ionic skins with high sensitivity by 3D printing of ionic hydrogel electrodes with microstructures. The ionic skins are fabricated by alternative digital light processing 3D printing of two photocurable precursors: hydrogel and water‐dilutable polyurethane acrylate (WPUA), in which the ionically conductive hydrogel layers serve as soft, transparent electrodes and the electrically insulated WPUA as flexible, transparent dielectric layers. This novel dual‐material printing strategy enables strong chemical bonding between the hydrogel and the WPUA, endowing the device with designed characteristics. The resulting device has high sensitivity, minimal hysteresis, a response time in the millisecond range, and excellent repetition durability for pressure sensing. The results demonstrate the potential of the dual‐material 3D printing strategy as a pathway to realize highly stable and high‐performance ionic skin fabrication to monitor human physiological signals and human–machine interactions.
Energy‐Free, Singlet Oxygen‐Based Chemodynamic Therapy for Selective Tumor Treatment without Dark Toxicity
Authors: Chen Yanrui , Deng Jian , Liu Fang , Dai Peipei , An Yang , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yanjun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTraditional singlet oxygen‐based antitumor therapies have been burdened with the necessity of external energy (e.g., light and ultrasound) and harmful dark toxicity. Ascorbate at the pharmacological concentration could accumulate hydrogen peroxide only in the tumor site. It is postulated that the concurrent delivery of ascorbate and nanoparticulate hypochlorous ion (ClO−) could produce singlet oxygen at the tumor site as an energy‐free, tumor‐specific therapy. The ClO− is loaded in a hybrid core–shell nanocarrier consisting of a zeolitic imidazolate framework and amphiphilic poloxamer 188. Intracellular singlet oxygen production is verified in 4T1 cells by the cooperation between hybrid nanocarriers and ascorbate, which induces significant apoptotic cell death. Upon intravenous nanocarriers delivery plus intraperitoneal ascorbate administration to xenograft mice, the in vivo antitumor efficacy of this cooperative nanomedicine is demonstrated without noticeable side‐effects. This work demonstrates a proof‐of‐concept of singlet oxygen‐based chemodynamic therapy for selective tumor eradication, which produces a novel trigger‐free, singlet oxygen‐based cancer therapy without the side effects of traditional photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy.
A High Mobility Conjugated Polymer Enables Air and Thermally Stable CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells with an Efficiency Exceeding 15%
Authors: Zhao Huan , Yang Shaomin , Han Yu , Yuan Shihao , Jiang Hong , Duan Chenyang , Liu Zhike , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInorganic cesium lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), such as CsPbI2Br, have made a striking breakthrough with a power conversion efficiency of over 16%. However, CsPbI2Br is known to be very sensitive to moisture, and the intrinsic long‐term stability of CsPbI2Br film remains a critical challenge. Interface engineering has been proven to be an effective way for solving the instability‐to‐moisture issue and enhancing the performance of inorganic–organic hybrid PSCs, while there are a few reports on interface engineering for inorganic PSCs. Here, a conjugated polymer, poly(N‐alkyldiketopyrrolo‐pyrrole dithienylthieno[3,2‐b]thio‐phene) (DPP‐DTT), with high mobility is introduced as a novel interface passivation for CsPbI2Br PSCs, which can significantly reduce nonradiative recombination in perovskite, leading to significant enhancement in both efficiency and stability of CsPbI2Br PSCs. Through DPP‐DTT passivation, a champion efficiency of 15.14% is obtained in CsPbI2Br PSCs. Moreover, the Lewis base DPP‐DTT can serve as an ultrahydrophobic agent to hold the photovoltaic performance of CsPbI2Br PSCs under ambient environment with humidity or thermal stress. These results provide a simple while highly effective route of fabricating the highly efficient and stable inorganic PSCs.
Unravelling Why and to What Extent the Topology of Similar Ce‐Based MOFs Conditions their Photodynamic: Relevance to Photocatalysis and Photonics
Authors: Caballero‐Mancebo Elena , Cohen Boiko , Smolders Simon , De Vos Dirk E. , Douhal Abderrazzak 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging materials for luminescent and photochemical applications. Armed with femto to millisecond spectroscopies, and fluorescence microscopy, the photobehaviors of two Ce‐based MOFs are unravelled: Ce‐NU‐1000 and Ce‐CAU‐24‐TBAPy. It is observed that both MOFs show ligand‐to‐cluster charge transfer reactions in ≈100 and ≈70 fs for Ce‐NU‐1000 and Ce‐CAU‐24‐TBAPy, respectively. The formed charge separated states, resulting in electron and hole generation, recombine in different times for each MOF, being longer in Ce‐CAU‐24‐TBAPy: 1.59 and 13.43 µs than in Ce‐NU‐1000: 0.64 and 4.91 µs. The linkers in both MOFs also undergo a very fast intramolecular charge transfer reaction in ≈160 fs. Furthermore, the Ce‐NU‐1000 MOF reveals excimer formation in 50 ps, and lifetime of ≈14 ns. The lack of this interlinkers event in Ce‐CAU‐24‐TBAPy arises from topological restriction and demonstrates the structural differences between the two frameworks. Single‐crystal fluorescence microscopy of Ce‐CAU‐24‐TBAPy shows the presence of a random distribution of defects along the whole crystal, and their impact on the observed photobehavior. These findings reflect the effect of linkers topology and metal clusters orientations on the outcome of electronic excitation of reticular structure, key to their applicability in different fields of science and technology, such as photocatalysis and photonics.
Photocatalytic performance of BiFeO3 based on MOFs precursor
Authors: Li Zhendong , Zhang Shilong , Xu Ruicheng , Zhang Qianwei , Wang Zhenhua , Fu Chunlin 
Published: July 2019

BiFeO3 (BFO) is considered to be a potential visible light photocatalytic material for organic degradation due to its narrow band gap. In this work, the BFO with smaller band gap and better photocatalytic performance was prepared by thermal decomposition of we prepared smaller band gap and better photocatalytic performance BFO by thermal decomposition of MOFs precursor Bi[Fe (CN)6]·5H2O. Among them, BFO‐0.5 has the best photocatalytic activity, which the photocatalytic degradation rate of methyl orange (MO) aqueous solution is 98.1% within 60 minutes. The photocatalytic activity is almost unchanged after four cycles of use. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of BFO could be attributed to the enhanced optical absorption and smaller particles. It may be conducive to design more efficient photocatalysts for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.
Simulation of the effects of sea‐salt aerosols on cloud ice and precipitation of a tropical cyclone
Authors: Jiang Baolin , Lin Wenshi , Li Fangzhou , Chen Baojun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study used the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF‐Chem) with a parameterization for the emissions of sea‐salt aerosols to assess the effects of sea‐salt aerosols on a tropical cyclone. A control simulation (Ctl) and a simulation with a sea‐salt emission flux that is one‐tenth of that in Ctl (Low) were conducted. Results show that sea‐salt aerosols enhance the condensation process, promoting vertical motion and precipitation in a tropical cyclone. Peak precipitation value in Ctl is 120% that in Low. Enhanced vertical motion in Ctl results in increase of water vapor transport to the upper atmosphere, which promotes deposition growth of cloud ice crystals. Therefore, cloud ice mixing ratio and stratiform precipitation in Ctl are larger than those in Low. Stratiform precipitation in the rain band is about 0.5 mm/h in Ctl and about 0.4 mm/h in Low.
Effect of quercetin on E‐NTPDase/E‐ADA activities and cytokine secretion of complete Freund adjuvant–induced arthritic rats
Authors: Saccol Renata da Silva Pereira , da Silveira Karine Lanes , Adefegha Stephen Adeniyi , Manzoni Alessandra Guedes , da Silveira Leonardo Lanes , Coelho Ana Paula Visintainer , Castilhos Livia Gelain , Abdalla Fátima Husein , Becker Lara Vargas , Martins Nara Maria Beck , Oliveira Juliana Sorraila , Casali Emerson André , Leal Daniela Bitencourt Rosa 
Published: July 2019

The effect of quercetin was assessed in rats induced with complete Freund adjuvant (CFA). Arthritis scores, paw oedema, latency, activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E‐NTPDase), and ectoadenosine deaminase (E‐ADA) in lymphocytes were determined. Furthermore, nucleotide and nucleoside levels as well as the secretion of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Animals were treated with saline and quercetin in doses of 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 45 days. The result revealed that quercetin (50 mg/kg) reduced arthritis score and paw oedema, and increased the latency in the thermal hyperalgesia test. Histopathological analysis showed that all the doses of quercetin reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. MPO activity was increased in the arthritis group; however, quercetin reduced this activity. E‐NTPDase activity was increased in lymphocytes of arthritis rats, and treatment with quercetin reversed this increase. However, E‐ADA activity was reduced in the arthritis group, and treatment with quercetin modulated the activity of this enzyme in arthritis rat groups. Serum adenosine levels were increased in arthritis, and the levels were lowered with quercetin treatment. Quercetin treatment in arthritis groups decreased the elevated levels of cytokines in the arthritis control group. Thus, quercetin demonstrated an anti‐inflammatory effect, and this flavonoid may be a promising natural compound for the treatment of arthritis.Significance of the studyQuercetin may represent a potential therapeutic compound in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Findings from this study indicate that quercetin suppresses swelling and attenuates the underlying inflammatory responses. This is the first report where quercetin was shown to modulate the immune response to arthritis via attenuation of the purinergic system (E‐NTPDase and E‐ADA activities) and the levels of IFN‐gamma and IL‐4. Thus, this work is relevant to basic research and may be translated into clinical practice.
Audiovisual telesupport system for cardiovascular catheter interventions: A preliminary report on the clinical implications
Authors: Adachi Toru , Sato Akira , Kuroki Kenji , Terai Tomoko , Hanaoka Daisuke , Hiraya Daigo , Machino Takeshi , Nogami Akihiko , Ieda Masaki , Aonuma Kazutaka 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to validate the clinical implications of audiovisual telesupport system use.BackgroundAn audiovisual telesupport system with supervisors has been effective in guiding procedures when surgeons have limited experience with the technique. However, cardiovascular catheter interventions using an audiovisual telesupport system has not been previously reported.MethodsStarting in September 2017, two cardiologists in Kamisu Saiseikai Hospital (Kamisu, Japan, with limited cardiologists) began performing cardiovascular catheter interventions using an audiovisual telesupport system. This system enabled them to perform catheter interventions with the support of advisors in the University of Tsukuba (Tsukuba, Japan). We retrospectively assessed procedure time and complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and catheter ablation (CA).ResultsIn the first 10 months, 21 patients with coronary artery disease underwent PCI using this system. The mean procedure duration of PCI was 42 ± 10 min. Nine patients with tachyarrhythmia including supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), ventricular premature contraction (VPC), common atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) underwent CA using this system. The mean CA procedure time was 134 ± 31 min for SVT, 100 ± 14 min for VPC, and 200 min for AF. All PCI and CA procedures were successfully performed without any complications.ConclusionsThe audiovisual telesupport system enabled cardiologists with limited human resources to provide safe and high‐quality catheter interventions.
Assessment of commercial hydrate inhibitors using the 3‐in‐1 method
Authors: Ovalle Sebastian , Martinez Camilo , Bonilla Luna , Lara Andres , Beltran Juan G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhase equilibria, kinetics, and morphology studies of gas hydrates require separate pieces of equipment and experimentation times in the order of days. Recently, we designed a reactor that allows for tight control of the crystallization temperature. Coupled with a novel method, this reactor can screen the crystal morphology, phase equilibria, and apparent kinetics of gas hydrates. Compared to traditional multi‐trial methods, the main advantage of this method is that only a single experiment, completed in the order of hours, is required to assess: (a) the change in hydrate growth velocity with respect to temperature, (b) the HLV equilibrium temperature at the experimental pressure, and (c) the change in crystal morphology with respect to driving force. Using this 3‐in‐1 method, methane hydrate growth and dissociation was studied in the presence of four commercial inhibitors. Phase equilibria, kinetics, and morphology were obtained for all hydrate systems with inhibitors. The standard uncertainty for the HLV equilibrium temperature was 0.05 K and for pressure 0.005 MPa. The apparent rates of growth were measured for all systems (standard uncertainty was 0.008 mm · s−1) and the difference between the inhibited systems and the pure system was very clear. Crystal habits varied considerably among inhibitors and radically with respect to the uninhibited system. Overall, we present an innovative technology to assess the morphology, kinetics, and thermodynamics of hydrate forming systems with a single apparatus. Furthermore, with little time investment, small sample sizes can be used to obtain replicates with minimum temperature and pressure uncertainties.
Multimodal PSSMA‐Functionalized GdF3 : Eu3+(Tb3+) Nanoparticles for Luminescence Imaging, MRI, and X‐Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Shapoval Oleksandr , Kaman Ondřej , Hromádková Jiřina , Vavřík Daniel , Jirák Daniel , Machová Daniela , Parnica Jozef , Horák Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiocompatible poly(4‐styrenesulfonic acid‐co‐maleic acid)‐stabilized GdF3 : Eu3+(Tb3+) nanoparticles were obtained by a one‐step coprecipitation method in ethylene glycol or water. The particles are very small (3 nm), have a narrow size distribution, and were detectable by fluorescence, magnetic resonance, and X‐ray contrast imaging. These properties allow multimodal imaging, which has prospective applications in the simultaneous and detailed detection of diseased tissues.
Trade‐offs constrain the evolution of an inducible defense within but not between plant species
Authors: Agrawal Anurag A. , Hastings Amy P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInducible defense is a common form of phenotypic plasticity, and inducibility (change in defense after herbivore attack) has long been predicted to trade off with constitutive (or baseline) defense to manage resource allocation. Although such trade‐offs likely constrain evolution within species, the extent to which they influence divergence among species is unresolved. We studied cardenolide toxins among genetic families in eight North American Asclepias species, spanning the full range of defense in the genus. Using common environment experiments and chemical assays, we report a consistent trade‐off (negative genetic correlation) between concentrations of constitutive cardenolides and their inducibility within each species. However, no trade‐off was found in a phylogenetic analysis across species. To investigate factors driving differences in defense allocation among species we used latitude as a proxy for growing season and herbivore pressure and found that divergence into lower latitudes resulted in evolution of higher cardenolides overall. Next we used an enzymatic assay of the cellular target of cardenolides (sodium‐potassium ATPase) and confirm that higher cardenolides resulted in stronger toxicity to a sensitive species, but not to specialized monarch butterflies. Thus, plant speciation into biogeographic regions with alternative resources or pest pressure resulted in the macroevolution of cardenolide defense, especially against unspecialized herbivores. Nonetheless, trade‐offs persist in the extent to which this defense is allocated constitutively or is inducible among genotypes within each species.
Functional composition of epiphyte communities in the Colombian Andes
Authors: Agudelo Claudia Milena , Benavides Ana Maria , Taylor Tyeen , Feeley Kenneth J. , Duque Alvaro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe identify changes in the functional composition of vascular epiphytes along a tropical elevational gradient with the aim of quantifying the role of climate in determining the assembly of epiphyte communities. We measured seven leaf functional traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry‐matter content, leaf thickness, force to punch, stomatal density, and potential conductance index) in the 163 most abundant epiphyte species recorded across 10 sites located along an elevational gradient between 60 and 2,900 m above sea level in the Colombian Andes. We grouped the epiphyte species into seven hierarchical functional groups according to their most characteristic leaf traits. Along the elevational gradient, the two main independent leaf trait dimensions that distinguished community assemblages were defined primarily by leaf area‐photosynthetic (LAPS) and mass‐carbon (LMCS) gradients. Mean annual temperature was the main determinant of species position along LAPS. In contrast, local changes in specific leaf area due to variation in the epiphytes’ relative height of attachment was the main determinant of their position along the LMCS. Our findings indicate that epiphytic plant leaves have evolved to optimize and enhance photosynthesis through a leaf area–based strategy and carbon acquisition through investments in construction costs of leaf area per unit of biomass that aim to regulate light capture and tissue development. Given that most studies of plant functional traits neglect vascular epiphytes, our quantification of the multiple dimensions of epiphyte leaf traits greatly augments our understanding of vascular plant function and adaptation to changing environments.
Recent excavations at Owl Ridge, interior Alaska: Site stratigraphy, chronology, and site formation and implications for late Pleistocene archaeology and peopling of eastern Beringia
Authors: Graf Kelly E. , Gore Angela K. , Melton J. Anne , Marks Tarah , DiPietro Lyndsay , Goebel Ted , Waters Michael R. , Rhode David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe early archaeological record of Beringia is complicated by the occurrence of several lithic industries. Site assemblages, dating from 14,000 to 12,800 years ago and located from the Yana‐Indigirka Lowlands of Siberia to the upper Tanana River basin, contain artifacts characteristic of the Nenana technological complex. After 12,800 years ago, site assemblages contain artifacts diagnostic of the Denali technocomplex. To explain the variation in lithic industries, we first and foremost need well‐stratified and well‐dated sites with multiple components so we securely know their ages and depositional relationships. We present excavation results of one such site located in interior Alaska, Owl Ridge, with the goal of assessing site stratigraphy, radiocarbon chronology, and natural site formation processes. Owl Ridge was visited three times during the Pleistocene‐Holocene transition with a Nenana‐complex occupation at 13,380–12,800 years ago followed by two Denali‐complex occupations at 12,540–11,430 years ago and 11,270–11,200 years ago. Assemblage change at Owl Ridge was diachronically patterned, as at the nearby Dry Creek archaeological site, and separated by two climatic events, a brief extremely windy Younger Dryas (lasting 300–250 years) and a very brief wetter period (lasting ~160 years). Our results indicate these climate and environmental conditions played a role in settlement of eastern Beringia.
Transcription factor CEBPB inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma by regulating downstream target gene CLEC5A
Authors: Lu Jianhua , Chen Weikai , Liu Hao , Yang Huilin , Liu Tao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo screen the gene related to osteosarcoma (OS) metastasis and the molecular mechanism.MethodsGEO database and R2 chip analysis platform were used to screen genes related to OS metastasis. UCSC gene browser was used to find the transcription factor (TF) of CLEC5A. The mRNA level and protein expression of CLEC5A in OS tissues and normal tissues were determined by RT‐PCR and Western blotting, respectively. OS cell lines MG‐63 were transfected with CEBPB recombinant plasmid. After transfection, the expression of CLEC5A in MG‐63 cells was determined and the cell proliferation situation was determined by clone formation assay.ResultsThree genes CLEC5A, ALOX5AP, and RNASE3 were obtained, and CLEC5A has the highest correlation with OS. CLEC5A has screened the gene related to OS metastasis, and CEBPB can be taken as TF regulating downstream gene CLEC5A. CEBPB can regulate the downstream CLEC5A as transcription factor. The relative mRNA level and protein expression of CLEC5A in OS tissues were significantly higher than those in normal tissues. CLEC5A can prevent OS metastasis. Transfection of CEBPB increased the expression of CLEC5A in MG‐63 cells and also inhibited the proliferation of OS.ConclusionCEBPB can inhibit the proliferation of OS cells via regulating the expression of CLEC5A.