bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of socio-demographic characteristics of the dog owners on dog breed choices
Authors: Özcan Mustafa , Ekiz Bülent , Öztürk Nurşen , Berk Özlem Sertel 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to identify the socio-demographic characteristics of the professional, semi-professional and non-professional dog owners who participate/interested are in any of association, social platform, pet fair and pet show related with dogs. Furthermore, it was purposed to determine the choices of owners from different demographic characteristics on size, dominance statue and function of the dog. This study was conducted by an online survey. The link of this survey was sent to members and followers of Dog Breed Federation through their corporate social networking site. 619 dog owners from various socio-demographic profile of the society attended voluntarily to this survey and 581 fully answered surveys were accepted as the material of the study. As a result, it was determined that more than half of the dog owners made their breed choices on breeds over 35 kg live weight, large size and with dominance traits. Owners’ tendencies for the dog breeds was affected by gender, age, education statues and environment where the dog is kept. However, marital status, income level, house sharing, child number in the family and owning another pet(s) at home didn’t have any significant affect on the breed choices.
The effects of furnished cages on the behaviour of laying hens in the post-stress adaptation period.
Authors: Matur Erdal , Ekiz Elif Ergül , AKYAZI İbrahim , ERASLAN Evren , ERGEN Ezgi , EREK Mert , ACAR BOLAT Bilge , ÖZCAN Mukaddes 
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study is to
investigate whether housing laying hens in furnished cages in post-stress
adaptation period causes any changes in behaviors or not. Due to the affects of animal welfare on
production performance, the relationship between behavioral changes and egg
production has also been studied. In the present study, 22 weeks old, 32 laying
hens were used. The hens were subjected to transport. The transport procedure,
including loading and unloading took 8 hours. Just after the transportation,
birds were randomly divided into two groups as furnished and conventional
cages; each consists of two subgroups with 8 hens. It was ensured that the hens in subgroups were unfamiliar with each other to induce social stress. On the top of
each cage, a camera was fixed and continuous recording was done for 24 hours
for 6 days. The behavior of animals was scored by time sampling method. Eating, drinking, resting, preening, wing
flapping, tail-wagging, stretching, ground-scratching, gentle pecking,
stereotyped and aggressive pecking behaviors were scored. In addition, the locations of the hens were
also determined in furnished cages. Frequency
of eating, drinking and ground-scratching behaviours significantly increased,
but tail-wagging behaviour tended to increase in hens housed in furnished
cages. On the other hand, resting, stretching and aggressive pecking behaviours
significantly decreased in hens housed in furnished cages. In addition, the use of perch and nest rate in
furnished cages significantly increased from the second day. In the conclusion,
cage furnishing improves some comfort behaviour such as ground-scratching and
tail wagging and decreasing aggressive pecking in laying hens. Therefore, it
would be beneficial to keep stress exposed hens in furnished cages in the
post-stress adaptation period.
MUHASEBE MESLEK ETİĞİ VE UYGULAMALARI: BATI AKDENİZ BÖLGESİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Hakan , KESKİN Serkan 
Published: March 2018

Muhasebe meslek etiği kuralları, mesleki uygulamaları
standartlaştırmak ve mesleğin itibarını korumak amacıyla geliştirilmiştir. Etik
kurallar, muhasebenin sosyal sorumluluğunun yerine getirilmesinde önemli bir
unsurdur.

Çalışmanın amacı,
muhasebe meslek mensuplarının, meslek
etiği uygulamalarına bakış açılarının tespit etmektir. Çalışmada, muhasebe
meslek etiği kavramsal olarak ele alınmış, meslek etiğinin önemi vurgulandıktan
sonra, meslek etik kurallarının gelişim süreçleri açıklanmıştır.

Amaç doğrultusunda Batı
Akdeniz Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren, meslek mensuplarına yönelik ankete dayalı
bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, istatistikî metotlarla test
edilmiş, muhasebe meslek mensuplarının muhasebe meslek etiği uygulamalarına
bakış açıları ile ilgili sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Application of Cost Reduction Tools in Manufacturing Organizations at Pokhara
Authors: Sharma Devilal 
Published: March 2018

Today’s business organization’s success highly depends upon the satisfaction of customer needs and wants since it become the age of globalization. All the manufacturing organizations of Pokhara valley are needed to mass customize their product as the requirement of the customer and satisfy to their needs and wants. For this purpose, organizations have to use the modern technology. This study aims to evaluate the application of cost reduction tools in Nepalese manufacturing organizations with reference to Pokhara valley. Out of total manufacturing firm, only 10 organizations have been selected at least two samples from each stratum out of the target population. Primary data have been collected through the structured questionnaires by distributing it to the production manager or finance manager of the concerned organization. The information has been collected through unit visits. An empirical investigation has been conducted in order to find out various aspects of cost reduction tools. The major tool used for this purpose is the questionnaire. Nepalese manufacturing organizations are selecting the purchase of raw material, production planning and control as the area of reducing their cost. All of the organizations are conscious about TQM as the technique of cost reduction. Most of the organizations are applying product line rationalization, supply chain management, KAIZEN system, reengineering as the technique of cost reduction. Most of the organizations are not applying the Design for manufacturability and concurrent engineering, on demand lean production, build to order, part standardization, Just in Time production system as the tools of cost reduction. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017), page: 45-59
Awareness on Hypertension and its Self-Management Practices among Hypertensive Patients in Pokhara, western Nepal
Authors: Karmacharya Ranjita , Paudel Kalpana 
Published: March 2018

Hypertension is a condition that affects most of the population throughout the world and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Hypertension-related knowledge and practice such as life style modification, physical activity, nutrition etc. plays an important role in controlling and preventing its long-term complications of hypertension. Therefore the purpose of the study was to find out the awareness of hypertensive patients about their own disease and self care practices. A cross-sectional descriptive study was done in the Pokhara sub metropolitan-13 (10% of total toles). Data was collected with all the respondents who were taking anti-hypertensive medicine of that area, which included 67 respondents. Data was collected from July to August, 2015 with structured interview schedule and data analysis was done by using SPSS version 16. Eighty six percent of the respondents were aware about hypertension. Most of the respondents (64%) belonged to the age group of 60 and above with mean age of 65.21±11.92 years, 60% were male, 71.6% were literate and 38.8% were diagnosed as hypertension since 1 to 5 years. Fifty two percent of the respondents have positive family history of Hypertension. The awareness regarding hypertension seems good but less self care practices among the study population was revealed. Therefore, efforts should be made towards improving the lifestyle modification of hypertensive patients through the initiation of motivational strategies and interventions such as free health camps, mobilization of Community Health Volunteers to encourage the public towards self care practices. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017), page: 110-120
Phytochemical Studies of Taxus Species and Their Uses in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Subedi Thaneshwar 
Published: March 2018

Cancer occurs when cell division runs amok. Cancer is a mass of abnormal, unhealthy cells that are dividing and growing in an uncontrolled way. Cancerous cells with oncogene and damaged deoxyribo nuclic acid (DNA) neither repair nor die. Chemical carcinogens, ionizing radiations, viral or bacterial infection, hormonal change, heredity etc are the main cancer causing agents. In this article, treatment of cancer by plant alkaloid, Taxol, is studied by using secondary sources. Cancer can be treated by plant alkaloids; Taxol, vica rosea, colchicine known as anticancer drugs. Paclitaxel binds the protein tubulin in mitotic spindle, suppresses the tubulin-microtubule dynamic equilibrium, kills the DNA damaged defective cells to control abnormal rapid cell division. Paclitaxel (C47H51NO14) has a large number of common, infrequent and rare sideeffects. Its structure was elucidated and published on the basis of H1–NMR spectrum. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017), Page: 148-159
Quality of life following surgical treatment of lesions within the pineal region
Authors: Fedorko Stepan , Zweckberger Klaus , Unterberg Andreas W. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEPineal region tumors are a rare and heterogeneous group of lesions. The optimal therapeutic approach is currently a topic of controversy, particularly in light of the potential operative risks and complications. The potential beneficial effects of surgery have already been described, but information about neurological outcome and, in particular, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is still lacking in the literature. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of resection of pineal region lesions, emphasizing grade of tumor resection, neurological outcome, quality of life, and the necessity of additional shunt procedures.METHODSThe authors performed a prospective study of HRQOL in 32 patients who had undergone surgical treatment of lesions in the pineal region (20 tumors and 12 cysts) between 2008 and 2014. All patients had at least 6 months of follow-up, with reexamination including standardized neurological assessment, an evaluation of dependency using the modified Rankin Scale, and an evaluation of HRQOL. The authors retrospectively examined patient charts and collected information regarding imaging studies, neurological status prior to surgery, surgical strategies used, any complications, and histological diagnoses.RESULTSIn this study, there was no surgery-associated mortality or major morbidity. Permanent minor morbidity was reported for 4 patients (13%). Comparing pre- and postoperative neurological symptoms, 75% of tumor patients had either complete resolution or improvement of preoperative symptoms; symptoms were unchanged in 10% of tumor patients and deteriorated in 15%. In patients with pineal cysts, long-term follow-up showed that 42% of patients were free of any symptoms and 58% experienced improvement of their preoperative symptoms. These outcomes were also reflected in the modified Rankin Scale scores, which demonstrated significant improvement following resection of pineal region lesions. Furthermore, significant improvements in HRQOL scores occurred in global health status, in all functional scales, and in pain, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, and insomnia (p < 0.0001). Moreover, a significant reduction in the necessity for permanent shunt procedures was observed after gross-total tumor resection compared with subtotal resection (p = 0.035) of pineal cysts.CONCLUSIONSDespite potential risks, (radical) surgery is a highly effective and safe treatment option for pineal region lesions and should be considered for the majority of patients.
Increase in brain atrophy after subdural hematoma to rates greater than associated with dementia
Authors: Bin Zahid Abdullah , Balser David , Thomas Rebekah , Mahan Margaret Y. , Hubbard Molly E. , Samadani Uzma 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEChronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a highly morbid condition associated with brain atrophy in the elderly. It has a reported 30% 1-year mortality rate. Approximately half of afflicted individuals report either no or relatively unremarkable trauma preceding their diagnosis, raising the possibility that cSDH is a manifestation of degenerative or inflammatory disease rather than trauma. The purpose of this study was to compare the rates of cerebral atrophy before and after cSDH to determine whether it is more likely that cSDH causes atrophy or that atrophy causes cSDH. The authors also compared atrophy rates in patients with cSDH to the rates in patients with and without dementia.METHODSThe authors developed algorithmic segmentation analysis software to measure whole-brain, CSF, and intracranial space volumes. They then identified military veterans who had undergone at least 4 brain CT scans over a period of 10 years. Within this database, the authors identified 146 patients with 962 head CT scans who had received diagnoses of either cSDH, dementia, or no known dementia condition. Volumetric analyses of brains in 45 patients with dementia (dementia group) and 73 patients without dementia (nondementia group), in whom 262 and 519 head CT scans were obtained, respectively, were compared with 11 patients in whom 81 CT scans were obtained a mean of 4.21 years before a cSDH diagnosis and 17 patients in whom 100 scans were obtained a mean of 4.24 years after SDH. Longitudinal measures were then related to disease status and the time since first scan by using hierarchical models, and atrophy rates between the groups were compared.RESULTSHead CT scans from patients were obtained for an average time period of 4.21 years (SD 1.69) starting at a mean patient age of 74 years. Absolute brain volume loss for the 17 patients in the post-SDH group (13 were treated surgically) was significantly greater, at 16.32 ml/year, compared with 6.61 ml/year in patients with dementia, 5.33 ml/year in patients without dementia, and 3.57 ml/year in pre-SDH patients. The atrophy rate for these individuals prior to enrollment in the study was 2.32 ml/year (p = 0.001). In terms of brain volume normalized to cranial cavity size, the post-SDH group had an atrophy rate of 0.7801%/year, compared with 0.4467%/year in patients with dementia, 0.3474%/year in patients without dementia, and 0.2135%/year in the pre-SDH group.CONCLUSIONSPrior to development of a cSDH, the atrophy rates in patients who ultimately develop cSDH are similar to those of patients without dementia. After development of a cSDH, the atrophy rates increase to more than twice those of patients with dementia. Chronic subdural hematoma is thus associated with a significant increase in brain atrophy rate. These findings suggest the neurotoxic consequences of cSDH and may have implications for better understanding of the pathophysiology of cerebral atrophy and dementia.
Invasionen und Zusammenbrüche von Baumarten nach der Eiszeit
Authors: Tinner Willy , (Pim) van der Knaap W.O. , Conedera Marco , Ammann Brigitta 
Published: March 2018

Invasions and collapses of tree species after the Ice Age
Pollen and macrofossils are used to reconstruct mechanisms and processes of past invasions and collapses of tree species. They are also providing bottom lines for future invasions and collapses. The Swiss forest communities were always shifting to adjust to climate and land use changes. Some invasions occurred surprisingly synchronous in space. Ecosystem adjustment processes started rapidly after climate change or disturbance, but usually lasted several centuries, given that they involved several tree generations. The available climate and vegetation history evidence suggests that the today's rather homogenous sweet chestnut, oak, beech and spruce forests are particularly prone to be invaded, because the communities were created by millennial-long land use and also because the realized climatic niche of the dominant species is strongly anthropogenically widened. On the other hand, the realized climatic niche of silver fir is strongly narrowed by human impact. This implies that silver fir is far more resilient to climate change than its today's range would suggest. Thus new plant species may have considerable difficulties to enter quasi-natural mixed silver fir forest communities. A similar finding, although less pronounced, was obtained for linden, elm, ash and maple species. Evergreen broadleaved species from the Mediterranean region, which are native to Switzerland since millennia but were not able to expand due to climatic reasons (e.g. Quercus ilex), will presumably spread spontaneously within a few decades under changing climate. Such future invasions can be considered as a natural process from an ecological point of view, if the invading species involved originate from the neighboring subtropics.
Götterbaum und Paulownie: die «neuen Wilden» im Schweizer Wald?
Authors: Wunder Jan , Knüsel Simon , Dorren Luuk , Schwarz Massimiliano , Bourrier Franck , Conedera Marco 
Published: March 2018

Ailanthus and Paulownia: “The New Wild” in Swiss forests?
“The New Wild” resulting from biological invasions is a controversial concept focussing on the integration of exotic species into indigenous ecosystems. Following this rationale, the great vitality of the new species could be exploited to populate ecosystems heavily altered or largely destroyed by man. Here we discuss this integration approach using the example of Ailanthus altissima and Paulownia tomentosa. Both species have begun to spread spontaneously into some forests in Switzerland. New studies indicate that the two pioneer tree species will not prevail on a large scale and that they do not necessarily reduce the required forest services. For example, Ailanthus trees growing in forests protecting from natural hazards appear to be similarly resistant to rockfall as the local tree species and less affected by heart rot decay than originally feared. For Switzerland, a spatially differentiated strategy with control and integration measures is required.
Stratégie de lutte envers une néophyte envahissante – exemple de la puéraire
Authors: Morisoli Romina , Conedera Marco , Moretti Giorgio , Crivelli Simona , Soldati Veronica , Bertossa Mario , Pezzatti Gianni Boris 
Published: March 2018

Strategy to control an invasive neophyte: the study case of kudzu
Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is a vine native to East Asia that grows under optimal conditions up to 30 cm per day. In Switzerland, the species is found on the blacklist of the invasive neophytes. At present 41 spots covering 35 141 m2 are known in southern Switzerland. Historical spots known since 2006 have extended their area by 45% in the last six years, whereas 16 new spots have been registered and four sites have been eradicated. Seeds produced by mature lianas revealed to be viable and able to germinate in the wild. Kudzu has thus passed the naturalization stage and may soon enter the phase of a possible rapid expansion, what suggests adopting a strategy of systematic eradication of the species in the mid-term. Preliminary tests allowed to confirm the efficiency of the chemical and the mechanical (surgical removing of root crowns) control methods, the last allowing the treatment of kudzu in forest and in protected areas as well. Kudzu represents thus a good example for how combining early detection, better understanding of the ecology, and the development of suitable eradication methods of the species may allow to control or even systematically eradicate a species at reasonable costs.
Searching Ultra-compact Pulsar Binaries with Abnormal Timing Behavior
Authors: Gong B. P. , Li Y. P. , Yuan J. P. , Tian J. , Zhang Y. Y. , Li D. , Jiang B. , Li X. D. , Wang H. G. , Zou Y. C. , Shao L. J. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Ultra-compact pulsar binaries are both ideal sources of gravitational radiation for gravitational wave detectors and laboratories for fundamental physics. However, the shortest orbital period of all radio pulsar binaries is currently 1.6 hr. The absence of pulsar binaries with a shorter orbital period is most likely due to technique limit. This paper points out that a tidal effect occurring on pulsar binaries with a short orbital period can perturb the orbital elements and result in a significant change in orbital modulation, which dramatically reduces the sensitivity of the acceleration searching that is widely used. Here a new search is proposed. The abnormal timing residual exhibited in a single pulse observation is simulated by a tidal effect occurring on an ultra-compact binary. The reproduction of the main features represented by the sharp peaks displayed in the abnormal timing behavior suggests that pulsars like PSR B0919+06 could be a candidate for an ultra-compact binary of an orbital period of ∼10 minutes and a companion star of a white dwarf star. The binary nature of such a candidate is further tested by (1) comparing the predicted long-term binary effect with decades of timing noise observed and (2) observing the optical counterpart of the expected companion star. Test (1) likely supports our model, while more observations are needed in test (2). Some interesting ultra-compact binaries could be found in the near future by applying such a new approach to other binary candidates.
Blowing in the Milky Way Wind: Neutral Hydrogen Clouds Tracing the Galactic Nuclear Outflow
Authors: Di Teodoro Enrico M. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Lockman Felix J. , Denbo Sara R. , Endsley Ryan , Ford H. Alyson , Harrington Kevin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We present the results of a new sensitive survey of neutral hydrogen above and below the Galactic Center with the Green Bank Telescope. The observations extend up to Galactic latitude

with an effective angular resolution of 9.′5 and an average rms brightness temperature noise of 40 mK in a 1

channel. The survey reveals the existence of a population of anomalous high-velocity clouds extending up to heights of about 1.5 kpc from the Galactic plane and showing no signature of Galactic rotation. These clouds have local standard of rest velocities

, and assuming a Galactic Center origin, they have sizes of a few tens of parsec and neutral hydrogen masses spanning

. Accounting for selection effects, the cloud population is symmetric in longitude, latitude, and V
LSR. We model the cloud kinematics in terms of an outflow expanding from the Galactic Center and find the population consistent with being material moving with radial velocity

distributed throughout a bicone with opening angle

. This simple model implies an outflow luminosity

erg s−1 over the past 10 Myr, consistent with star formation feedback in the inner region of the Milky Way, with a cold gas mass-loss rate

. These clouds may represent the cold gas component accelerated in the nuclear wind driven by our Galaxy, although some of the derived properties challenge current theoretical models of the entrainment process.