bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First report of ostracods (Crustacea) associated with Bithynian (Anisian, Middle Triassic) Tubiphytes‐microbial reef in the North Dobrogean Orogen (Romania)
Authors: Forel Marie‐Béatrice , Grădinaru Eugen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Mahmudia Quarry is located in the North Dobrogean Orogen (Romania), representing the western tip of the Palaeotethys‐issued Cimmeride Orogenic System. One sample from the Tubiphytes‐microbial reef exposed in the quarry yielded an abundant well‐preserved ostracod assemblage of Bithynian, early Middle Anisian, Middle Triassic age. We report the occurrence of 56 ostracod species distributed among 23 genera. Ten species are newly described: Acratia caeracella sp. nov., Bairdia mandruella sp. nov., B. liviae sp. nov., Hungarella mahmudiaensis sp. nov., Kempfina tineriella sp. nov., Liuzhinia antalyaformis sp. nov., L. bithynica sp. nov., L. edvardgriegi sp. nov., Microcheilinella? contrariella sp. nov., Paracypris oanaella sp. nov. One species is renamed, Bairdia monostorii nom. nov. and the diagnosis of the genus Palaeocypridina is emended to include the central muscle scars pattern. The Tubiphytes ecosystem is complex with a multi‐layer food chain, as shown by the presence of diversified carnivorous nekto‐benthic ostracods, being both prey and predators of other organisms. The palaeoenvironmental requirements of the main ostracod taxa indicate a deposition in an open marine environment, on the outer platform‐upper slope zone, in accordance with information provided by other proxies. We discuss the relationship between ostracods and microbial mats during the Triassic and conclude that the composition of assemblages is related both to the characteristics of this chemosynthetically‐driven habitat and to bathymetry. However, some taxa, such as the genus Liuzhinia, are typical of Triassic microbial ecosystems. We perform the first analysis of ostracod provincialism during the Anisian and identify a distinct peri‐Palaeo‐Tethyan province.
Appendages, functional morphology and possible sexual dimorphism in a new ceratiocaridid (Malacostraca, Phyllocarida) from the Early Devonian Hunsrück Slate (south‐western Germany)
Authors: Poschmann Markus , Bergmann Alexandra , Kühl Gabriele 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe describe a new archaeostracan phyllocarid from the famous Early Devonian Hunsrück Slate, Germany. Morphological features suggest a new ceratiocaridid species for which we propose the name Ceratiocaris harpago sp. nov. The exceptionally well‐preserved holotype specimen is the most completely known ceratiocaridid with an almost entire set of appendages including biflagellate antenniform antennules, robust uniramous antennae with hook‐like flagellum, thoracopods densely covered with setae and probably six pairs of pleopods. A nectobenthic lifestyle is considered the most probable and the clasper‐like morphology of the antennae suggests the presence of a sexual dimorphism in this taxon, with the holotype specimen being a male individual.
Successful verification of subcontracted work in the construction industry
Authors: Makkinga Rick , de Graaf Robin , Voordijk Hans 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDue to the introduction of new types of contracts, such as Design, Build, Finance, & Maintain (DBFM), a major shift in tasks and responsibilities from client to contractor can be seen in the construction industry. To manage these new contracts and corresponding shifts in responsibilities, systems engineering (SE) is seen as a relevant instrument and applied increasingly in this industry. When these new, integrated contracts are applied in combination with SE, the contractor becomes responsible for verification. The contractor, however, is not the only organization that executes verification tasks as contractors regularly subcontract work to suppliers. Although the main contractor bears the final responsibility toward the client, it may be expected that the supplier verifies its own work. This requires verification to be carried out further down the supply chain. However, many problems are experienced when allocating these verification responsibilities to the suppliers. This paper explores which verification problems are faced in construction work that is subcontracted to suppliers. A conceptual framework is applied to categorize these problems and to analyze the solutions applied in the construction industry. The major finding of this study is that causes of verification problems can be found at both the contractor and the supplier side. Improvements are suggested for both these sides.
Prognostic Factors of Salvage Esophagectomy for Residual or Recurrent Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kiyozumi Yuki , Yoshida Naoya , Ishimoto Takatsugu , Yagi Taisuke , Koga Yuki , Uchihara Tomoyuki , Sawayama Hiroshi , Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Baba Yoshifumi , Miyamoto Yuji , Watanabe Masayuki , Matsuyama Tomohiko , Oya Natsuo , Baba Hideo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to confirm prognostic factors for salvage esophagectomy for remnant or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after definitive chemoradiotherapy.Study designWe retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological backgrounds of 50 patients who underwent salvage esophagectomy between April 2005 and January 2016. Salvage esophagectomy comprised 40 three‐incision esophagectomies, two transhiatal esophagectomies and eight pharyngolaryngoesophagectomies. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival were assessed using Cox regression analysis of the factors.ResultsSalvage esophagectomy remains a highly invasive surgery and correlated with a higher incidence of all morbidities of Clavien–Dindo classification (CDc) ≥II, severe morbidities of CDc ≥ IIIb, any pulmonary morbidities and chylorrhea, compared with those in patients without preoperative definitive chemoradiotherapy. Cox regression analysis suggested that R0 resection (hazard ratio [HR] 6.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.03–9.68, P = 0.002), absence of severe complications (HR 4.97; 95% CI 1.70–14.81, P = 0.004) and early pStage (0–II) (HR 3.42; 95% CI 1.24–10.12, P = 0.018) were independent prognostic factors for salvage esophagectomy.ConclusionsSalvage esophagectomy remains correlated with a high incidence of postoperative complications. Avoiding non‐curative surgery and reducing the incidence of severe postoperative complications are important if patients are to receive prognostic benefit of this highly invasive surgery.
Characterization of a novel lytic bacteriophage from an industrial Escherichia coli fermentation process and elimination of virulence using a heterologous CRISPR–Cas9 system
Authors: Halter Mathew C , Zahn James A 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Bacterial–bacteriophage interactions are a well-studied and ecologically-important aspect of microbiology. Many commercial fermentation processes are susceptible to bacteriophage infections due to the use of high-density, clonal cell populations. Lytic infections of bacterial cells in these fermentations are especially problematic due to their negative impacts on product quality, asset utilization, and fouling of downstream equipment. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a novel lytic bacteriophage, referred to as bacteriophage DTL that is capable of rapid lytic infections of an Escherichia coli K12 strain used for commercial production of 1,3-propanediol (PDO). The bacteriophage genome was sequenced and annotated, which identified 67 potential open-reading frames (ORF). The tail fiber ORF, the largest in the genome, was most closely related to bacteriophage RTP, a T1-like bacteriophage reported from a commercial E. coli fermentation process in Germany. To eliminate virulence, both a fully functional Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR3 plasmid and a customized S. thermophilus CRISPR3 plasmid with disabled spacer acquisition elements and seven spacers targeting the bacteriophage DTL genome were constructed. Both plasmids were separately integrated into a PDO production strain, which was subsequently infected with bacteriophage DTL. The native S. thermophilus CRISPR3 operon was shown to decrease phage susceptibility by approximately 96%, while the customized CRISPR3 operon provided complete resistance to bacteriophage DTL. The results indicate that the heterologous bacteriophage-resistance system described herein is useful in eliminating lytic infections of bacteriophage DTL, which was prevalent in environment surrounding the manufacturing facility.
Inducing Ni sensitivity in the Ni hyperaccumulator plant Alyssum inflatum Nyárády (Brassicaceae) by transforming with CAX1, a vacuolar membrane calcium transporter
Authors: Ghasemi Rasoul , Share Hoorieh , Sharifi Roza , Boyd Robert S. , Rajakaruna Nishanta 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe importance of calcium in nickel tolerance was studied in the nickel hyperaccumulator plant Alyssum inflatum by gene transformation of CAX1, a vacuolar membrane transporter that reduces cytosolic calcium. CAX1 from Arabidopsis thaliana with a CaMV35S promoter accompanying a kanamycin resistance gene was transferred into A. inflatum using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformed calli were sub‐cultured three times on kanamycin‐rich media and transformation was confirmed by PCR using a specific primer for CAX1. At least 10 callus lines were used as a pool of transformed material. Both transformed and untransformed calli were treated with varying concentrations of either calcium (1–15 mM) or nickel (0–500 µM) to compare their responses to those ions. Increased external calcium generally led to increased callus biomass, however, the increase was greater for untransformed callus. Further, increased external calcium led to increased callus calcium concentrations. Transformed callus was less nickel tolerant than untransformed callus: under increasing nickel concentrations callus relative growth rate was significantly less for transformed callus. Transformed callus also contained significantly less nickel than untransformed callus when exposed to the highest external nickel concentration (200 µM). We suggest that transformation with CAX1 decreased cytosolic calcium and resulted in decreased nickel tolerance. This in turn suggests that, at low cytosolic calcium concentrations, other nickel tolerance mechanisms (e.g., complexation and vacuolar sequestration) are insufficient for nickel tolerance. We propose that high cytosolic calcium is an important mechanism that results in nickel tolerance by nickel hyperaccumulator plants.
Simulation of the Growth of Austenite from As-Quenched Martensite in Medium Mn Steels
Authors: Huyan Fei , Yan Jia-Yi , Höglund Lars , Ågren John , Borgenstam Annika 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
As part of an ongoing development of third-generation advanced high-strength steels with acceptable cost, austenite reversion treatment of medium Mn steels becomes attractive because it can give rise to a microstructure of fine mixture of ferrite and austenite, leading to both high strength and large elongation. The growth of austenite during intercritical annealing is crucial for the final properties, primarily because it determines the fraction, composition, and phase stability of austenite. In the present work, the growth of austenite from as-quenched lath martensite in medium Mn steels has been simulated using the DICTRA software package. Cementite is added into the simulations based on experimental observations. Two types of systems (cells) are used, representing, respectively, (1) austenite and cementite forming apart from each other, and (2) austenite forming on the cementite/martensite interface. An interfacial dissipation energy has also been added to take into account a finite interface mobility. The simulations using the first type of setup with an addition of interfacial dissipation energy are able to reproduce the observed austenite growth in medium Mn steels reasonably well.
Development and Comparison of Algorithms to Derive Vehicle Location from Speed Profile Data
Authors: Powell Jonathan Peter , Palacín Roberto 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The rapid increases in the quantity of data being gathered regarding technological systems such as railways can promote improvements in their design and operation. Combining information from different datasets allows more in-depth analysis, such as using train location data to enhance the analysis of speed profiles and energy consumption. Positioning systems such as GPS are frequently used to obtain this information, but are not necessarily always available, such as in underground metro systems. The focus of this paper is therefore the development of algorithms to derive train location information from measured speed profile data and network topology. Two different algorithms were developed to extract individual station-to-station journeys from an example consisting of a dataset of speed profiles and energy consumption from an urban rail system, and four classification algorithms were developed to identify the station pairs associated with each journey. It was found that the best-performing approach for this task was to compare the cumulative distance of a group of several consecutive journeys against a database of station-to-station distances to find the best match. This was more resilient than constructing sequences of consecutive journeys from possible matches in a database of station-to-station distances and orders of magnitude faster than heuristic algorithms.
Rehabilitation Course and Specification of Dysmetria of a Patient With Ataxia, Dysmetria, and Hemiparesis After a Stroke in the Corona Radiata: A Case Presentation
Authors: Mohar Monir , Hartman Kosandra , Long Bronwyn , Lee Peter , Didita Adrian , Altschuler Eric L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe present a case of a patient with ataxia, dysmetria, and hemiparesis after a stroke in the corona radiata. The patient had an excellent clinical course with near resolution of symptoms in 2 and a half weeks and returned back to work full duty and full time a couple of weeks later. We use videos of several neurologic tests to demonstrate and characterize the dysmetria. Interestingly, a key characteristic of the dysmetria appears to be different from that seen in patients with dysmetria arising from a cerebellar, thalamic, or pontine lesion. We propose a possible neurophysiologic mechanism—damage to and redundancy of part of the corticopontine portion of the cerebellar circuit located in the corona radiata—respectively responsible for this condition and recovery. We also discuss how a simple noninvasive study of patients with ataxia and dysmetria secondary to corona radiata, thalamic, pontine, and possibly other brain lesions may be helpful in elucidating the contribution of pontocerebellar fibers and other structures to motor control.Level of EvidenceV
Enhancing motion cueing using an optimisation technique
Authors: Jones M. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTVirtual engineering tools are not currently employed extensively during the certification and commissioning of flight simulator motion systems. Subjective opinion is regarded as sufficient for most applications, as it provides verification that the motion platform does not cause false cueing. However, the results of this practice are systems that may be far from optimal for their specific purpose. This paper presents a new method for tuning motion systems objectively using a novel tuning process and tools which can be applied throughout the simulators life-cycle. The use of the tuning method is shown for a number of simulated test cases.
Thick drops climbing uphill on an oscillating substrate
Authors: Bradshaw J. T. , Billingham J. 
Published: February 2018

Experiments have shown that a liquid droplet on an inclined plane can be made to move uphill by sufficiently strong, vertical oscillations (Brunet et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 99, 2007, 144501). In this paper, we study a two-dimensional, inviscid, irrotational model of this flow, with the velocity of the contact lines a function of contact angle. We use asymptotic analysis to show that, for forcing of sufficiently small amplitude, the motion of the droplet can be separated into an odd and an even mode, and that the weakly nonlinear interaction between these modes determines whether the droplet climbs up or slides down the plane, consistent with earlier work in the limit of small contact angles (Benilov and Billingham, J. Fluid Mech. vol. 674, 2011, pp. 93–119). In this weakly nonlinear limit, we find that, as the static contact angle approaches $\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$ (the non-wetting limit), the rise velocity of the droplet (specifically the velocity of the droplet averaged over one period of the motion) becomes a highly oscillatory function of static contact angle due to a high frequency mode that is excited by the forcing. We also solve the full nonlinear moving boundary problem numerically using a boundary integral method. We use this to study the effect of contact angle hysteresis, which we find can increase the rise velocity of the droplet, provided that it is not so large as to completely fix the contact lines. We also study a time-dependent modification of the contact line law in an attempt to reproduce the unsteady contact line dynamics observed in experiments, where the apparent contact angle is not a single-valued function of contact line velocity. After adding lag into the contact line model, we find that the rise velocity of the droplet is significantly affected, and that larger rise velocities are possible.
Monogenoidean parasites of Acestrorhynchus falcatus (Characiformes: Acestrorhynchidae) from Pará, Brazil: species of Diaphorocleidus and Rhinoxenoides n. gen. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae)
Authors: Santos Neto J.F. , Costa N.G.S. , Soares G.B. , Domingues M.V. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTwo new species of Diaphorocleidus and one new species of Rhinoxenoides n. gen. are described from the gills of Acestrorhynchus falcatus (Bloch) from rivers of north-eastern Pará, Brazil. Diaphorocleidus jaymedeloyolai n. sp. is characterized by a male copulatory organ (MCO) possessing three counterclockwise coils; similar anchors with subtriangular superficial roots; a ventral bar with posteromedial projection; and hooks of pairs 1, 4 and 7 approximately three times longer than hook pair 5. Diaphorocleidus sclerocolpus n. sp. differs from its congeners by a dual-branched accessory piece articulated with the MCO and a sclerotized tubular vagina with a bottle-shaped vestibule. Rhinoxenoides n. gen. is proposed and is characterized by possessing: MCO sclerotized with clockwise coils; an accessory piece articulated to the base of MCO; a sinistroventral vaginal aperture; ventral anchor with conspicuous roots; dorsal anchor with superficial root five times longer than deep root; and absence of dorsal bar. The proposal of Rhinoxenoides n. gen. is also supported by its phylogenetic relationship with Protorhinoxenus prochilodi and species of Rhinoxenus, using 16 morphological characters, which resulted in the following hypothesis of sister-group relationships: Rhinoxenoides n. gen. [Protorhinoxenus (Rhinoxenus curimatae (R. nyttus (R. bulbovaginatus (R. guianensis, R. piranhus, R. euryxenus (R. arietinus, R. anaclaudiae)))))].
Effects of cumulative illness severity on hippocampal gray matter volume in major depression: a voxel-based morphometry study
Authors: Zaremba Dario , Enneking Verena , Meinert Susanne , Förster Katharina , Bürger Christian , Dohm Katharina , Grotegerd Dominik , Redlich Ronny , Dietsche Bruno , Krug Axel , Kircher Tilo , Kugel Harald , Heindel Walter , Baune Bernhard T , Arolt Volker , Dannlowski Udo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with major depression show reduced hippocampal volume compared to healthy controls. However, the contribution of patients’ cumulative illness severity to hippocampal volume has rarely been investigated. It was the aim of our study to find a composite score of cumulative illness severity that is associated with hippocampal volume in depression.MethodsWe estimated hippocampal gray matter volume using 3-tesla brain magnetic resonance imaging in 213 inpatients with acute major depression according to DSM-IV criteria (employing the SCID interview) and 213 healthy controls. Patients’ cumulative illness severity was ascertained by six clinical variables via structured clinical interviews. A principal component analysis was conducted to identify components reflecting cumulative illness severity. Regression analyses and a voxel-based morphometry approach were used to investigate the influence of patients’ individual component scores on hippocampal volume.ResultsPrincipal component analysis yielded two main components of cumulative illness severity: Hospitalization and Duration of Illness. While the component Hospitalization incorporated information from the intensity of inpatient treatment, the component Duration of Illness was based on the duration and frequency of illness episodes. We could demonstrate a significant inverse association of patients’ Hospitalization component scores with bilateral hippocampal gray matter volume. This relationship was not found for Duration of Illness component scores.ConclusionsVariables associated with patients’ history of psychiatric hospitalization seem to be accurate predictors of hippocampal volume in major depression and reliable estimators of patients’ cumulative illness severity. Future studies should pay attention to these measures when investigating hippocampal volume changes in major depression.
Prestige Asymmetry in American Physics: Aspirations, Applications, and the Purloined Letter Effect
Authors: Martin Joseph D. 
Published: February 2018

ArgumentWhy do similar scientific enterprises garner unequal public approbation? High energy physics attracted considerable attention in the late-twentieth-century United States, whereas condensed matter physics – which occupied the greater proportion of US physicists – remained little known to the public, despite its relevance to ubiquitous consumer technologies. This paper supplements existing accounts of this much remarked-upon prestige asymmetry by showing that popular emphasis on the mundane technological offshoots of condensed matter physics and its focus on human-scale phenomena have rendered it more recondite than its better-known sibling field. News reports about high energy physics emphasize intellectual achievement; reporting on condensed matter physics focuses on technology. And whereas frontier-oriented rhetoric of high energy physics communicates ideals of human potential, discoveries that smack of the mundane highlight human limitations and fail to resonate with the widespread aspirational vision of science – a consequence I call “the purloined letter effect.”