bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) cone on performance, egg quality, gut microflora, and immune response in laying hens
Authors: Kim Min‐Jeong , Jung U‐Suk , Lee Jae‐Sung , Jeon Seung‐Woo , Kim Won‐Seob , An Byoung‐Ki , Kim Eun‐Jib , Wang Tao , Kim Bae‐Young , Im Jin‐Taek , Lee Hong‐Gu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from discarded Korean pine cones (Pinus koraiensis) on the performance, egg quality, immune response and gut microflora in laying hens. A total of 400 Hy‐Line brown laying hens (50‐week old) were allotted into four dietary treatments including a control diet or a diet supplemented with phytoncides at 0.002%, 0.004% and 0.008%. During the 6 weeks of experimental feeding, 0.008% of dietary phytoncides improved egg production, feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05), but not feed intake, egg weight or feed efficiency. Although dietary phytoncides had no effect on egg quality, decreases in Haugh units depending on storage periods were improved by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides (p < 0.05). To investigate the roles of dietary phytoncides on the alteration of the immune response during inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline was intraperitoneally injected into 10 hens per diet group on the end date of the experimental feeding period. Serum immunoglobulins and splenic cytokine expression at mRNA levels were then measured at 4 hr postinjection. Although the levels of IgA were decreased by LPS injection in all dietary groups, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed a higher level of IgA by LPS (p < 0.05). Interestingly, although LPS injection resulted in an enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1β and IL‐6, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed less increased levels of them (p < 0.05). Gut microflora was examined from 10 hens per diet group at the end of the experimental period. While the number of Lactobacillus spp. was increased (p < 0.05), Escherichia coli counts in the cecal contents were decreased by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides. Taken together, these results demonstrate that dietary supplementation of 0.008% phytoncides improved the egg production, immune responses during inflammation and gut microflora in laying hens.
Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada case accompanied by polyneuropathy
Authors: Tsunoda Keiichiro , Ohta Yasuyuki , Tadokoro Koh , Sasaki Ryo , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Sato Kota , Nomura Emi , Takemoto Mami , Hishikawa Nozomi , Yamashita Toru , Kajita Ai , Abe Koji 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease (VKHD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that targets melanocyte‐rich tissues such as eye, central nervous system, inner ear, and skin. Here, we report a case of VKHD accompanied by polyneuropathy. After VKHD was diagnosed, depending on the involvement of bilateral ocular, auditory, and central nervous systems, he expressed muscle weakness, pain, and numbness in bilateral lower extremities. Nerve conduction studies suggested sensorimotor polyneuropathy, while a skin, muscle, and nerve biopsy suggested vasculitis. Steroid therapy improved his symptoms. The present case might suggest a relationship between VKHD and polyneuropathy.
Origins of Specialization: The CeramicChaîne Opératoireand Technological Take‐Off at Vinča‐Belo Brdo, Serbia
Authors: Spataro Michela 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis paper presents scientific analyses of Neolithic pottery from Miloje Vasić’s–34 excavations at Vinča‐Belo Brdo, which has long been a key site in south‐eastern European prehistory. Results show a series of changes in the chaîne opératoire of pottery production, both between the early Neolithic Starčevo and middle–late Neolithic Vinča periods, and between Vinča A and Vinča B phases. Unlike in Starčevo assemblages, Vinča pottery fabrics probably served specific functions, but cult objects (an anthropomorphic figurine and several prosopomorphic lids) were made locally using the same raw materials and technology used to make Vinča fine ware. In contrast to the uniformity of Starčevo pottery technology, Vinča pottery production was geographically diverse and evolved over time. Higher firing temperatures of Vinča pottery apparently preceded the development of metallurgy by more than a century.
Congenital nevus comedonicus complicated by a hidradenitis suppurativa‐like lesion: Report of a childhood case
Authors: Ravaioli Giulia Maria , Neri Iria , Zannetti Guido , Patrizi Annalisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNevus comedonicus is a rare, benign hamartoma of the pilosebaceous unit that may be isolated or part of the nevus comedonicus syndrome. Although rare in children, complication by hidradenitis suppurativa‐like lesions has been described. We present a report of a 9‐year‐old girl in whom surgical excision was curative, with a review of the relevant literature.
Storytelling as Adaptive Collective Sensemaking
Authors: Bietti Lucas M. , Tilston Ottilie , Bangerter Adrian 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStorytelling represents a key element in the creation and propagation of culture. Three main accounts of the adaptive function of storytelling include (a) manipulating the behavior of the audience to enhance the fitness of the narrator, (b) transmitting survival‐relevant information while avoiding the costs involved in the first‐hand acquisition of that information, and (c) maintaining social bonds or group‐level cooperation. We assess the substantial evidence collected in experimental and ethnographic studies for each account. These accounts do not always appeal to the specific features of storytelling above and beyond language use in general. We propose that the specific adaptive value of storytelling lies in making sense of non‐routine, uncertain, or novel situations, thereby enabling the collaborative development of previously acquired skills and knowledge, but also promoting social cohesion by strengthening intragroup identity and clarifying intergroup relations.
Epidemiology of infections and antimicrobial use in Greek Neonatal Units
Authors: Gkentzi Despoina , Kortsalioudaki Christina , Cailes Benjamin Campbell , Zaoutis Theoklis , Kopsidas John , Tsolia Maria , Spyridis Nikos , Siahanidou Soultana , Sarafidis Kosmas , Heath Paul T , Dimitriou Gabriel 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiology of neonatal infections and of antimicrobial use in Greek Neonatal Units (NNUs) in order to develop national, evidence-based guidelines on empiric antimicrobial use for neonatal sepsis in Greece.DesignRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected infection surveillance data from 2012 to 2015, together with a Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) on antimicrobial use and the collection of data on local empiric antimicrobial policies.Setting16 NNUs in Greece participating in the neonIN infection surveillance networkPatientsNewborns in participating NNUs who had a positive blood, cerebrospinal fluid or urine culture and were treated with at least 5 days of antibiotics.Results459 episodes were recorded in 418 infants. The overall incidence of infection was 50/1000 NNU-admissions. The majority of episodes were late-onset sepsis (LOS) (413, 90%).Coagulase-negative Staphylococci(80%) were the most common Gram-positive organisms causing LOS andKlebsiellaspp (39%) the most common Gram-negative. Nearly half (45%) of theKlebsiellaspp were resistant to at least one aminoglycoside. The PPS revealed that 196 of 484 (40%) neonates were on antimicrobials. The survey revealed wide variation in empiric antimicrobial policies for LOS.ConclusionsThis is the largest collection of data on the epidemiology of neonatal infections in Greece and on neonatal antimicrobial use. It provides the background for the development of national evidence-based guidelines. Continuous surveillance, the introduction of antimicrobial stewardship interventions and evidence-based guidelines are urgently required.
Peak ACL force during jump landing in downhill skiing is less sensitive to landing height than landing position
Authors: Heinrich Dieter , van den Bogert Antonie J , Nachbauer Werner 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundCompetitive skiers face a high risk of sustaining an ACL injury during jump landing in downhill skiing. There is a lack of knowledge on how landing height affects this risk.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of varied landing height on peak ACL force during jump landing and to compare the effect of the landing height with the effect of the landing position varied by the trunk lean of the skier.MethodsA 25-degree-of-freedom sagittal plane musculoskeletal model of an alpine skier, accompanied by a dynamic optimisation framework, was used to simulate jump landing manoeuvres in downhill skiing. First, a reference simulation was computed tracking experimental data of competitive downhill skier performing a jump landing manoeuvre. Second, sensitivity studies were performed computing 441 landing manoeuvres with perturbed landing height and trunk lean of the skier, and the corresponding effects on peak ACL force were determined.ResultsThe sensitivity studies revealed that peak ACL force increased with jump height and backward lean of the skier as expected. However, peak ACL was about eight times more sensitive to the trunk lean of the skier compared with landing height. The decreased sensitivity of the landing height was based on the lower effects on the knee muscle forces and the shear component of the knee joint reaction force.ConclusionPreventive measures are suggested to focus primarily on avoiding trunk backward lean of the skier, and consequently on proper jump preparation and technique, and secondarily on strategies to reduce landing height during jumps.
Factors associated with first-year discontinuation of Implanon in Upper Egypt: clients’ and providers’ perspectives
Authors: Aziz Mirette M , El-Gazzar Amira F , Elgibaly Omaima 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe etonogestrel implant Implanon is a favourable and cost-effective contraceptive method for women in developing countries, and expansion of its use represents a priority for the family planning (FP) programme in Egypt. We studied the factors affecting first-year Implanon discontinuation from clients' and providers' perspectives.MethodsWe used a mixed quantitative-qualitative methodology. We conducted a household survey of Implanon clients and three focus group discussions with FP physicians and directors.ResultsWe found that 13.5% of Implanon users discontinued its use in the first year. Survival analysis found that clients who had previously used Implanon (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.88) and whose husbands had secondary or a higher level of education (HR 0.36,95% CI 0.19 to 0.69) were less likely to discontinue Implanon use after the first year, while clients who experienced side effects of Implanon use were more likely to discontinue it (HR 3.6,95% CI 1.60 to 8.11). Other causes of discontinuation which emerged in the qualitative analysis were the unjustified advice for Implanon removal by non-gynaecologists, due to unrelated users' complaints, and deficient pre-insertion counselling.ConclusionsImplanon has a low first-year discontinuation rate as compared with other contraceptive methods. FP clients should be given sufficient pre-insertion counselling about side effects of Implanon and duration of protection. Physicians should offer Implanon mainly to clients seeking long-term contraception in order to decrease its discontinuation rate and increase its cost effectiveness.
An unusual cause of intestinal failure
Authors: Stead Gavin Alistair , Warner Ben , Clough Jennifer , Lanaspre Effie , O’Donohue John 
Published: June 2018

A 62-year-old man presented to the emergency department with 5 weeks of worsening lower abdominal pain associated with watery diarrhoea, vomiting and 10% loss of body weight. He had recently experienced night blindness.There was no history of foreign travel. His past medical history included hypertension, sickle cell trait and type 2 diabetes well controlled on metformin. He had not been prescribed any recent steroids and denied significant alcohol intake.On examination, he had a tachycardia at 110 bpm and was afebrile and normotensive. He was malnourished with pedal pitting oedema extending to both knees. His abdomen was soft but distended and diffusely tender.Blood tests showed a serum albumin of 12 g/L. Stool samples were negative. HIV testing was negative, and immunoglobulin levels were normal.CT of the abdomen showed thickened, hyperenhancing jejunal loops with diffuse mesenteric inflammatory fat stranding and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. Colonoscopy was unremarkable.Enteroscopy showed granular oedematous mucosa and extensive, deep ulcerations. Jejunal biopsies were obtained. Microscopy samples were negative for tuberculosis (TB) culture.Histology revealed inflamed and ulcerated small bowel mucosa with plump endothelial cells with the appearance below. There were no granulomata (figures 1 and 2).Figure 1Endoscopic examination of the jejunum.Figure 2Plump endothelial cells seen on microscopy.QuestionWhat is the differential diagnosis?
Reaching cardiovascular prevention guideline targets with a polypill-based approach: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Selak Vanessa , Webster Ruth , Stepien Sandrine , Bullen Chris , Patel Anushka , Thom Simon , Arroll Bruce , Bots Michiel L , Brown Alex , Crengle Sue , Dorairaj Prabhakaran , Elley C Raina , Grobbee Diederick E , Harwood Matire , Hillis Graham S , Laba Tracey-Lea , Neal Bruce , Peiris David , Rafter Natasha , Reid Christopher , Stanton Alice , Tonkin Andrew , Usherwood Tim , Wadham Angela , Rodgers Anthony 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of polypill-based care on the achievement of 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline targets for blood pressure (BP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and antiplatelet therapy.MethodsWe conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of three randomised clinical trials that compared a strategy using a polypill containing aspirin, statin and antihypertensive therapy with usual care in patients with a prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) event or who were at high risk of their first event. Overall, the trials included 3140 patients from Australia, England, India, Ireland, the Netherlands and New Zealand (75% male, mean age 62 years and 76% with a prior CVD event). The primary outcome for this study was the proportion of people achieving ESC guideline targets for BP, LDL and antiplatelet therapy.ResultsThose randomised to polypill-based care were more likely than those receiving usual care to achieve recommended targets for BP (62% vs 58%, risk ratio (RR) 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.15), LDL (39% vs 34%, RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.25) and all three targets for BP, LDL and adherence to antiplatelet therapy (the latter only applicable to those with a prior CVD event) simultaneously (24% vs 19%, RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.47) at 12 months. There was no difference between groups in antiplatelet adherence (96% vs 96%, RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.01). There was heterogeneity by baseline treatment intensity such that treatment effects increased with the fewer the number of treatments being taken at baseline: for patients taking 3, 2 and 0–1 treatment modalities the RRs for reaching all three guideline goals simultaneously were 1.10 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.30, 22% vs 20%), 1.62 (95% CI 1.09 to 2.42, 27% vs 17%) and 3.07 (95% CI 1.77 to 5.33, 35% vs 11%), respectively.ConclusionsPolypill-based therapy significantly improved the achievement of all three ESC targets for BP, LDL and antiplatelet therapy compared with usual care, particularly among those undertreated at baseline.
Pacing: a new look. Don’t be deceived
Authors: Chow Chee Loong , Abu Baker Barveen , Mohamed Uwais 
Published: June 2018

Clinical introductionA 78-year-old man presents following a syncopal episode in the setting of intermittent sinus bradycardia and left bundle branch block (LBBB). With symptoms likely due to documented intermittent sinus node dysfunction, and finding of a diseased left bundle, a pacemaker was inserted (online supplementary figure 1 shows the electrode position in a PA fluroscopy view). His baseline ECG is shown in figure 1A, with a QRS width of 160 ms, and his echocardiogram revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 45%. His ECG day 1 postdevice insertion is shown in figure 1B. His device check confirmed excellent function. His QRS width on ECG postdevice insertion is now normalised to 80 ms.Supplementary file 1QuestionWhat type of device therapy has this patient received?Biventricular pacing.Right ventricular outflow septal pacing.His bundle pacing.Right ventricular apical pacing.Figure 1(A) Baseline ECG and (B) day 1 postpacemaker implantation.
Latent profile analysis approach to the relationship between patient and physician global assessments of rheumatoid arthritis activity
Authors: Karpouzas George A , Strand Vibeke , Ormseth Sarah R 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivePatients and physicians commonly differ in their assessments of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity. Clinically meaningful discordance thresholds or validation of their ability to predict functional outcomes are lacking. We explored whether an unbiased, person-centred latent profile analysis (LPA) approach could classify cases based on patient global assessment (PtGA) and physician global assessment (MDGA) assessments of RA activity. We further examined whether the LPA groups displayed greater differences in clinical outcomes compared with traditional threshold-based groups. Finally, we evaluated whether LPA yielded higher explanatory power for clinical outcomes.MethodsLPA was performed in 618 patients with established RA from a single centre. A threshold-based discordance definition was used as a comparator, with patients classified into concordant (PtGA–MDGA within ± 3 cm), positively discordant (PtGA–MDGA ≥3 cm) and negatively discordant groups (PtGA–MDGA ≤−3 cm).ResultsLPA yielded five distinct groups: low PtGA/low MDGA (35.9%), moderate PtGA/moderate MDGA (18.6%), high PtGA/high MDGA (14.7%), high PtGA/low MDGA (23.3%) and low PtGA/high MDGA (7.4%). Groups differed across clinical, physical function, pain, fatigue, health-related quality of life, work productivity and activity impairment outcomes (p<0.001). Concordance groups, in particular, displayed marked heterogeneity in outcomes depending on the magnitude of disease activity reported, with the low/low group faring the best (p<0.001). The LPA solution demonstrated superior explanatory power for all outcomes (p<0.001).ConclusionsWe confirmed the validity and advantages of LPA in characterising the relationship between PtGA and MDGA over a conventional threshold-based definition. LPA yielded optimally distinct, clinically meaningful and cohesive groupings, demonstrating superior explanatory power for disease-related outcomes of interest.
STAG2 Is a Biomarker for Prediction of Recurrence and Progression in Papillary Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Lelo Alana , Prip Frederik , Harris Brent T. , Solomon David , Berry Deborah L. , Chaldekas Krysta , Kumar Anagha , Simko Jeffry , Jensen Jørgen Bjerggaard , Bhattacharyya Pritish , Mannion Ciaran , Kim Jung-Sik , Philips George , Dyrskjøt Lars , Waldman Todd 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Most bladder cancers are early-stage tumors known as papillary non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). After resection, up to 70% of NMIBCs recur locally, and up to 20% of these recurrences progress to muscle invasion. There is an unmet need for additional biomarkers for stratifying tumors based on their risk of recurrence and progression. We previously identified STAG2 as among the most commonly mutated genes in NMIBC and provided initial evidence in a pilot cohort that STAG2-mutant tumors recurred less frequently than STAG2 wild-type tumors. Here, we report a STAG2 biomarker validation study using two independent cohorts of clinically annotated papillary NMIBC tumors from the United States and Europe.
Experimental Design: The value of STAG2 immunostaining for prediction of recurrence was initially evaluated in a cohort of 82 patients with papillary NMIBC (“Georgetown cohort”). Next, the value of STAG2 immunostaining for prediction of progression to muscle invasion was evaluated in a progressor-enriched cohort of 253 patients with papillary NMIBC (“Aarhus cohort”).
Results: In the Georgetown cohort, 52% of NMIBC tumors with intact STAG2 expression recurred, whereas 25% of STAG2-deficient tumors recurred (P = 0.02). Multivariable analysis identified intact STAG2 expression as an independent predictor of recurrence (HR = 2.4; P = 0.05). In the progressor-enriched Aarhus cohort, 38% of tumors with intact STAG2 expression progressed within 5 years, versus 16% of STAG2-deficient tumors (P &lt; 0.01). Multivariable analysis identified intact STAG2 expression as an independent predictor of progression (HR = 1.86; P = 0.05).
Conclusions: STAG2 IHC is a simple, binary, new assay for risk stratification in papillary NMIBC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4145–53. ©2018 AACR.
Theology and Race
Authors: Prevot Andrew 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study develops a Christian theological response to the problems of race and anti-black racism in conversation with black theology and womanist theology. It provides a detailed introduction to multiple voices, developments, and tensions in these two theological traditions over the last half century. It offers an overview of James Cone’s arguments and their reception. It considers turns toward pragmatism and genealogy in black religious scholarship, focusing on Cornel West, Peter Paris, Dwight Hopkins, Victor Anderson, Anthony Pinn, Bryan Massingale, J. Kameron Carter, and Willie Jennings. It analyzes womanist theological treatments of intersectionality, narrative, and embodiment through Jacquelyn Grant, Katie Cannon, Delores Williams, Emilie Townes, Karen Baker-Fletcher, Kelly Brown Douglas, Diana Hayes, and M. Shawn Copeland. Finally, it suggests some open questions related to hybridity, sexuality, and ecology. Ultimately, it argues that the credibility of Christian theological witness depends significantly on the quality of Christian theology’s response to anti-black racism.
Conidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) of Lakshadweep, India
Authors: RAVINESH RAVEENDHIRAN , KUMAR APPUKUTTANNAIR BIJU , KOHN ALAN J. 
Published: June 2018

Lakshadweep, the northernmost region of the Chagos-Maldives-Lakshadweep group of islands located southwest of the Malabar coast of India in the Arabian Sea, is the only chain of coral atolls in India. This paper documents the diversity of the molluscan family Conidae from the seas around all ten inhabited islands of Lakshadweep. Of the 78 species of cone snails now reported from Lakshadweep, 49 were recorded in this study. Three of these had not previously been reported from India, and four are newly reported from Lakshadweep. The results increase the number of Conidae species known from Lakshadweep by 10%.