bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Pain and Specimen Quality by Use of a Novel 25-Gauge Blood Collection Set With Ultra-Thin Wall Cannula and 5-Bevel Tip Design
Authors: Mouser Amy , Uettwiller-Geiger Denise , Plokhoy Elizabeth , Berube Julie , Ahuja Aparna Jha , Stankovic Ana K 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Phlebotomy has significant impact on overall patient satisfaction. Smaller gauge needles, such as a 25 gauge, may lessen patient discomfort but increase hemolysis and tube-filling times. Our studies evaluated the effect of a 5-bevel, 25-gauge blood collection set (BCS) with ultra-thin wall cannula [BD Vacutainer® UltraTouch™ Push Button BCS (UltraTouch)] on patient pain and anxiety compared with two 3-bevel, thin-wall, 23-gauge BCSs [BD Vacutainer® Safety-Lok™ (Safety-Lok) and Greiner Bio-One Vacuette® (Vacuette)]. Our studies also evaluated the 25-gauge UltraTouch for sample quality and tube filling compared with the 3-bevel, thin-wall, 23-gauge BD Vacutainer Push Button BCS.

Methods
We conducted 2 studies with 214 subjects to compare pain and anxiety regarding future phlebotomy with the 3 aforementioned devices. Another study with 52 subjects assessed hemolysis in specimens collected with the UltraTouch and Push Button BCS; bench testing evaluated tube-filling times with these devices. A questionnaire captured pain upon needle insertion, overall pain, and anxiety regarding future phlebotomy. Hemolysis was evaluated visually, by Hemolysis Index and hemolysis-sensitive indicators potassium (K) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

Results
A statistically significant decrease was noted for overall pain with UltraTouch compared with Vacuette and with insertion pain compared with Safety-Lok. There was no significant difference in anxiety regarding future phlebotomy. No increase was observed in Hemolysis Index, K or LDH. Tube-filling times were comparable for each device.

Conclusions
The 25-gauge UltraTouch provided less overall pain compared with the 23-gauge Vacuette, less pain upon needle insertion than the 23-gauge Safety-Lok, and no compromise in specimen quality or flow rate.
Effectiveness of Laboratory Practices to Reduce Specimen Labeling Errors at the Time of Specimen Collection in Healthcare Settings: A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP) Systematic Review
Authors: Sandhu Paramjit K , Bandyopadhyay Kakali , Hunt William , Taylor Thomas H , Birch Rebecca J , Krolak John , Ernst Dennis J 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundSpecimen labeling errors have long plagued the laboratory industry, putting patients at risk of transfusion-related death, medication errors, misdiagnosis, and patient mismanagement. Many interventions have been implemented and deemed to be effective in reducing specimen error rates. The objective of this review was to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of laboratory practices and interventions to develop evidence-based recommendations for the best laboratory practices to reduce labeling errors.ContentThe standardized Laboratory Medicine Best Practices InitiativeTM A-6 methods were used to conduct this systematic review. Total evidence included 12 studies published from 1990 to September 2015. Combined data from 7 studies found that the interventions developed from improved communication and collaboration between the laboratory and clinical staff resulted in substantial decreases in specimen labeling errors [median relative percent change in labeling errors: −75.86; interquartile interval (IQI): −84.77, −58.00]. Further data from the subset of 4 studies showed a significant decrease in specimen labeling errors after the institution of the standardized specimen labeling protocols (median relative percent decrease in specimen labeling errors: −72.45; IQI: −83.25, −46.50).SummaryBased on the evidence included in this review, interventions that enhance communication and collaboration between laboratory and healthcare professionals can decrease the number of specimen identification errors in healthcare settings. However, more research is needed to make any conclusion on the effectiveness of other evaluated practices in this review, including training and education of the specimen collection staff, audit and feedback of labeling errors, and implementation of new technology (other than barcoding).
Lowering the Bar for Mass Spectrometry: A Comparison between Immunoassay and Rapid Time-of-Flight for Presumptive Screening of Drugs in Urine
Authors: Rasmussen Natalie N , Barker Adam , Strathmann Frederick G 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Immunoassay-based techniques and creatinine quantification have historically been the methods of choice for urine drug screening. Positive presumptive drug screen results are reflexed to more specific, confirmatory testing using gas or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. False positives and false negatives with immunoassay techniques are common problems that have substantial down-stream consequences for patient care, laboratory operations, and total costs.

Methods
The final workflow included rapid enzymatic hydrolysis, rapid liquid chromatographic methods, and time-of-flight mass spectrometry for detection. In total, 84 drugs and metabolites were included and reported qualitatively using 11 isotopically labeled internal standards selected to represent compound classes, retention time, and expected abundances to control for method inefficiencies and matrix suppression/enhancement. The method performance validation included 420 individual urine specimens.

Results
Of the 420 samples screened by immunoassay, 117 failed to confirm by mass spectrometry and were immunoassay false positives. None of these 117 samples screened positive on the liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) assay. The LC-TOF-MS method failed to detect 1 sample in each of the following classes: buprenorphine, ethanol markers, and opiates owing to concentrations below the established cutoffs. Out of 579 samples, 275 (47.4%) screened positive by LC-TOF-MS for nicotine and at least 2 of its metabolites. Quantitative creatinine comparison to an existing Jaffe method yielded a slope of 0.91 and a correlation coefficient of 0.96.

Conclusions
We investigated whether immunoassay-based drug screening and creatinine quantification could be sufficiently replaced by a rapid LC-TOF-MS screen with higher specificity and accuracy than existing methods. The LC-LC-TOF-MS method is a sensitive and more specific way to screen for drugs, providing creatinine quantification and potential novel specimen validity testing with the inclusion of nicotine metabolites.
Evidence-Based Validation of Hemolysis Index Thresholds by Use of Retrospective Clinical Data
Authors: Mays James A , Greene Dina N , Merrill Anna E , Mathias Patrick C 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Semiquantitative hemolysis indices (HIs) are used by chemistry analyzers to measure sample integrity, but there is little standardization in HI reporting or validation of analyte-specific HI flagging. Additional methods of HI threshold validation are needed.

Methods
We retrospectively queried serum and plasma potassium measurements, HIs, and contemporaneous whole blood potassium measurements. Serum and plasma values were compared to whole blood values drawn within 6 h (n = 6422 pairs), and discrepancies between values were compared across HIs. We also retrieved orders of potassium-lowering medications occurring shortly after release of potassium results from hemolyzed samples.

Results
While nonhemolyzed samples showed high agreement, a significant percentage of released hemolyzed samples (36.1% of the most hemolyzed group) were discrepant by 1 mEq/L or more. In total, 15.5% of patients with an order from the hyperkalemia order set had the order after a hemolyzed value; the majority of those patients (42 of 46; 91.3%) received a potassium-lowering medication, most of whom did not have a redraw before drug administration.

Conclusions
Retrospective review of discrepancies identified marked inconsistencies among higher HI samples and identified opportunities for improving the laboratory reporting policy, offering a clinical validation of the HI thresholds for potassium. Clinicians generally treated patients with hemolyzed samples, underscoring the importance of maintaining sample quality.
Multicenter Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori IgG Antibody Seroprevalence Among Patients Seeking Clinical Care in the US
Authors: Jalaly Jalal B , Couturier Marc Roger , Burnham Carey-Ann D , Gronowski Ann M , Munigala Satish , Theel Elitza S 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Current American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) guidelines suggest that Helicobacter pylori serologic testing may be helpful to rule out H. pylori in areas with low disease prevalence. However, even in low prevalence regions, the positive predictive value of a positive serologic result remains low. Additionally, both the ACG and the American Gastroenterological Association recommend that this noninvasive testing be avoided entirely for patients 55 years and older.

Methods
The objective of this multicenter retrospective study was to assess H. pylori seroprevalence rates among symptomatic patients and serologic test utilization at the local, state, and national level. Submitted specimens were presumed to be collected from patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms suspicious for an H. pylori etiology. Results for H. pylori IgG serologic tests performed between 2005 and 2014 were collected from 5 medical centers. Data were evaluated in the context of professional practice guidelines, with a focus on patients ages 55 years and older.

Results
Nationwide seropositivity among symptomatic individuals is approximately 25%, and 4 of 5 centers reported decreasing seropositivity rates over this 10-year period. State-specific seropositivity among symptomatic patients ranged from 12.4% in the state of Washington to 33.9% in Mississippi.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that for 48 states &gt;25% of all H. pylori serologic testing was performed in individuals ≥55 years. Despite recommendations to avoid serologic evaluation for H. pylori infection, this study indicates that serology continues to be used at high rates across age-groups.
Real-Time PCR to Detect α-1 Antitrypsin S and Z Alleles in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue
Authors: Pac Lincoln J , Cheeney Gregory , Westerhoff Maria , Konnick Eric Q , Greene Dina N , Lockwood Christina M 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
α-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive genetic disease with incomplete penetrance that can cause pulmonary and liver disease. Multiple methods are available to determine A1AT genotype using peripheral blood specimens, but none are validated to detect A1AT alleles in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue.

Methods
A real-time PCR assay was validated to detect the SERPINA1 S and Z alleles (NM_000295.4: c.863A&gt;T, p.E288V and c.1096G&gt;A, p.E366K, respectively) in FFPE liver tissue using allele-specific dual hybridization probes and melting curve analysis. Validation experiments were performed on genomic DNA samples (n = 11) with A1AT genotypes previously determined by orthogonal methods.

Results
The S and Z allele assays accurately genotyped all FFPE validation specimens that had a threshold cycle &lt;32. Validation samples produced mean melting temperatures of 55.4 °C (SD = 0.30) for mutant S alleles, 48.6 °C (SD = 0.28) for non-S alleles, 61.2 °C (SD = 0.34) for mutant Z alleles, and 54.7 °C (SD = 0.19) for non-Z alleles. Samples failing to meet quality control parameters were infrequent.

Conclusions
Poor PCR amplification because of low nucleic acid concentration in small biopsy specimens and time-dependent degradation in specimens stored for extended periods were the most common reasons for assay failure. The ability to determine A1AT genotype from archived surgical pathology specimens can facilitate research on the role of A1AT globules in liver disease.
Las narrativas y las prácticas docentes: Repensando la práctica docente: ¿cómo analizar la sociedad hispanoamericana de los siglos XVI y XVII?
Authors: Reinares Juan Francisco 
Published: July 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una «investigación práctica de mi práctica de enseñanza» con el sentido que le da Ana Zavala (2008). Es por ello que se analiza la compleja conformación de la sociedad hispanoamericana durante los siglos XVI y XVII a través de la confrontación de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas. En este sentido, se lo vinculó con una experiencia personal realizada con esta problemática en la práctica docente de nivel superior en la cátedra Historia Americana I de la carrera de Profesorado en Historia de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la UNL (Santa Fe, Argentina), donde se identificaron las limitaciones y posibilidades de la propuesta elaborada y llevada a cabo. Dicha situación permitió reflexionar en torno a la propuesta de práctica sobre la temática trabajada, destacando la importancia que tiene revisar nuestras prácticas y reflexionar sobre ellas, para pensar en alternativas y nuevas metodologías de trabajo.
Profile of Hypospadias Cases in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Maritska Ziske , Santosa Ardy , Ariani Mahayu Dewi , Juniarto Achmad Zulfa , Faradz Sultana MH 
Published: July 2018

Background: Hypospadia is believed to be a multifactorial disease. The risk factors that may induce the formation of hypospadias are environmental factors, endocrine disruptors, and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of hypospadias patients who visited the Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.Methods: This study is an observational study, using patients’ medical record in CEBIOR from 2010 to 2012. The hypospadias cases were classified into syndromic, isolated and severe hypospadias based on their phenotype. The history of pregnancy, birth characteristics, and family history of the patients were described.Results: There were 120 cases of hypospadias, consisted of 48.33% severe hypospadias, 41.67% mild isolated hypospadias and 10% syndromic hypospadias. There were 38.33% hypospadias cases whose mothers were being exposed to repellant usage and 39.17% cases whose fathers were smoking. Forty (33.33%) probands’ mothers were aged above 35 years old when they gave birth to their affected son.Conclusion: Majority of hypospadias cases were severe and mild isolated. Environtmental factors including maternal age more than 35 years old, use of repellant, and smoking fathers were found in this study.
Expression of p53 and Bcl2 Mammary Adenocarcinoma in C3H Mice Administered With Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge root extract
Authors: Dewi Liza Suryani , Widjayahadi Noor , Wijaya Indra 
Published: July 2018

Background: Breast cancer is on the first or second most malignancy in many places around the world. The incidence of breast cancer was increasing, also in Indonesia. Prevention and treatment of breast cancer have not been satisfactory, since patients and medical practitioners are searching for other therapeutic and preventive agents. Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge roots is one of the therapeutics agent used in traditional medicine have been studied in foreign country.Objective: To prove the p53 and Bcl2 expression in C3H mice mammary adenocarcinoma using multilevel doses of the Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge roots extract. Methods :The study is a randomized post-test only controlled group design. A total of 18 adenocarcinoma mice, divided into 3 groups. The first group was administered with 60mg/KgBW/day and the second group was given by 180mg/KgBW/day, for 21 days. All mice were terminated on day 22nd. The p53 and Bcl2 expressions were analyzed using Allred score, statistically analized by Kruskal Wallis followed by Post-Hoc Mann Whitney U test.Results :Immunohistochemistry staining shows the p53 expressions have been increased between groups, but Bcl2 were decreased. The Kruskal-Wallis and Post-Hoc Mann Whitney U test are significantly difference between groups.Conclusion :All of the p53 and Bcl2 expressions between groups are significantly differences.
The Effects of Rusip on the Amount of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Efrizal Wiwin , Wahyono Hendro , Johan Andrew 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTBackground : Rusip consumption can change the microbial composition of the digestive system. Microbial changes due to rusip consumption that is measured by lactic acid bacteria count has not been conducted.Objective : The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of rusip consumption to the number of lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.Methods : Experimental study with post test only control group design using twelve Rattus novergicus Sprague dawley strains aged 2-2.5 months which were divided into 2 groups. Rats adapted for a week, then they were given rusip 5.1 mg/g body weight for 14 days. Cecal content were taken on the 22th day to be analysed for the lactic acid bacteria count.Results : The number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the group given rusip was lower compared to the control group, but not significantly different (p=0.180). Weight gain was greater in the treatment group compared to the control group. The given group tends to have more weight in cecal content and lower pH compared to the control group.Conclusion : Rusip consumption does not increase the number of lactic acid bacteria in gastrointestinal tract. Keywords : Rusip, cecum, fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, gastrointestinal tract
The global impact of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Education and Management Division: engaging stakeholders and assessing HbA1c quality in a multicentre study across China
Authors: English Emma , Weykamp Cas , Ji Linong , Siebelder Carla , Shan Zhongyan , Wang Yufei , Li Huijun , Garry John W. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a major global issue and high quality testing is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The IFCC Committee for the Education in the Utility of Biomarkers in Diabetes (C-EUBD) plays a global role in improving knowledge and understanding around diabetes testing. This paper describes a multi-stakeholder approach, to improving diagnostic and therapeutic testing for diabetes, using a multicentre study in China as an example of the global impact of the group.

Methods
Educational workshops were developed to support the scientific aims of the study in which 30 centres around China received identical, fresh frozen whole blood samples with values assigned using IFCC secondary reference methods and undertook precision (EP-5) and trueness studies. Performance was assessed using sigma metrics.

Results
A successful multi-stakeholder group was developed and sustained throughout the study through several educational workshops, which enabled the formation of a long-term collaboration with key opinion leaders and policy makers in China. All 30 centres showed good performance with within and between laboratory coefficient of variations (CVs) below 3% in SI units at both low and high haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. All individual laboratories met the criteria of a sigma of two or more at a total allowable error (TAE) of 5 mmol/mol (0.46% NGSP).

Conclusions
The study led to a successful multi-partner approach to improving diabetes testing in China. All centres involved in the study meeting the published IFCC quality criteria, paving the way for future clinical trials and an expanded role for HbA1c testing across the country.
The Influence of Financial Incentives and Non Financial Incentives to Job Performance: Motivation of Work as A Variable of Modernation in Employee Cooperation of Save Loans (Ksp) Mitra Sari Dana Denpasar Oleh
Authors: Sukanta I Wayan , Yuesti Anik , Kepramareni Putu 
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of financial incentives on job motivation, the influence of non-financial incentives on job motivation, the influence of financial incentives on job performance, the influence of non-financial incentives on job performance, and the influence of work motivation on job performance in the Cooperative Savings and Loans (KSP) Mitra Sari Dana Denpasar. This research is a quantitative research using primary data obtained from the questionnaire and measured by using Likert scale. The population of this research is employees at Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) Mitra Sari Dana Denpasar. The method of selecting the sample of this study using purposive sampling. The sample of this research is all employees who work Cooperative Savings and Loans (KSP) Mitra Sari Dana Denpasar as much as 32 people. Data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using SmartPLS 3.0 program.The result of the research shows that (1) financial incentive has positive and significant effect to job motivation, (2) non financial incentive has positive and significant effect to job motivation, (3) financial incentive has positive and significant effect to job performance, (5) the influence of mediation of job motivation variable on indirect influence of financial incentive to job performance is partial, and (7) influence of mediation job motivation variable on the indirect effect of non-financial incentives on job performance is partial
Performance in the Deep Squat Test and the risk of musculoskeletal injuries: a systematic review
Authors: Santos Bunn Priscila Dos 
Published: July 2018

Deep Squat Test (DS) is a functional test frequently used in risk classification protocols for musculoskeletal injuries in physical activities. Objective: To systematically evaluate the literature on the validity of DS as a predictor of musculoskeletal injuries. Method: A search without language or time filters was carried out on the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases with the following title words: injury prediction, injury risk and deep squat. We included prospective studies of DS as a risk classification test for musculoskeletal injuries during the practice of physical activities until December 2016. The participants' profile, sample size, classification of musculoskeletal injuries, follow-up time, study design and results were extracted from the studies. The bias risk analysis was performed with the Newgate-Ottawa Scale. Results: Five studies were included, using different analyzes, whose results varied. The odds ratio ranged from 1.21 to 2.59 (95% CI = 1.01 - 3.28). The relative risk was 1.68 (95% CI = 1.50 - 1.87), sensitivity from 3 to 24%, specificity from 90 to 99%, PPV from 42 to 63%, NPV from 72 to 75% and AUC from 51 to 58%. Conclusion: DS is a test whose presence of movement dysfunctions is a predictor of the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in individuals who practice physical activities. However, due to the methodological limitations presented, caution is suggested when interpreting such results.