bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulsation properties of ultra-massive DA white dwarf stars with ONe cores
Authors: De Gerónimo Francisco C. , Córsico Alejandro H. , Althaus Leandro G. , Wachlin Felipe C. , Camisassa María E. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Ultra-massive hydrogen-rich white dwarf stars are expected to harbor oxygen/neon cores resulting from the progenitor evolution through the super-asymptotic giant branch phase. As evolution proceeds during the white dwarf cooling phase, a crystallization process resulting from Coulomb interactions in very dense plasmas is expected to occur, leading to the formation of a highly crystallized core. In particular, pulsating ultra-massive white dwarfs offer a unique opportunity to infer and test the occurrence of crystallization in white dwarf interiors as well as physical processes related with dense plasmas.
Aims. We aim to assess the adiabatic pulsation properties of ultra-massive hydrogen-rich white dwarfs with oxygen/neon cores.
Methods. We studied the pulsation properties of ultra-massive hydrogen-rich white dwarf stars with oxygen/neon cores. We employed a new set of ultra-massive white dwarf evolutionary sequences of models with stellar masses in the range 1.10 ≤ M⋆/M⊙ ≤ 1.29 computed by taking into account the complete evolution of the progenitor stars and the white dwarf stage. During the white dwarf cooling phase, we considered element diffusion. When crystallization set on in our models, we took into account latent heat release and also the expected changes in the core chemical composition that are due to phase separation according to a phase diagram suitable for oxygen and neon plasmas. We computed nonradial pulsation g-modes of our sequences of models at the ZZ Ceti phase by taking into account a solid core. We explored the impact of crystallization on their pulsation properties, in particular, the structure of the period spectrum and the distribution of the period spacings.
Results. We find that it would be possible, in principle, to discern whether a white dwarf has a nucleus made of carbon and oxygen or a nucleus of oxygen and neon by studying the spacing between periods.
Conclusions. The features found in the period-spacing diagrams could be used as a seismological tool to discern the core composition of ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars, this should be complemented with detailed asteroseismic analysis using the individual observed periods.
Therapierefraktäre Schmerzen
Authors: Keßler Jens , Geist Marcus , Bardenheuer Hubert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPain therapy concepts should be based on a biopsychosocial model. A prerequisite for adequate pain therapy is the detailed medical history. The questions about the intensity of pain and especially about the quality of pain are crucial for the selection of drug therapy. In addition to the questioning, targeted physical examination is essential. This should be repeated in case of therapy-refractory pain in the course. The transfer of clinically relevant knowledge about the emergence and the development of pain occurs in the new cross-sectional area ​​14 “pain medicine” and has been anchored in the licensing regulations. Treatment-refractory pain, despite adequate pharmacological therapy, may be the result of individual metabolism. For tumor-related pain, opioid rotation is a suitable symptom control procedure. To avoid treatment-refractory pain peaks, the medication for the need for basic medication should be adjusted in the dose. Non-drug treatment should be targeted for treatment-refractory pain to promote patient’s ownership. Physiotherapeutic measures have the goal of increasing the self-efficacy of pain and regaining confidence in one’s own bodily functions.
Wie handhaben Ärzte ihre eigene Darmkrebsvorsorge und was empfehlen sie ihren Patienten?
Authors: Fischbach Wolfgang , Al-Taie Oliver 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Darmkrebsvorsorge senkt Inzidenz und Sterblichkeit des kolorektalen Karzinoms. Die Teilnehmerraten in Deutschland sind immer noch vergleichsweise gering. Die Handhabung der eigenen Darmkrebsvorsorge gibt Hinweise darauf, wie Ärzte den Nutzen dieser Maßnahme sehen und was sie demzufolge ihren Patienten empfehlen.
Methode Alle bei der KV Unterfranken registrierten 450 niedergelassenen Allgemeinärzte und Internisten im Alter von über 50 Jahren wurden angeschrieben. Sie erhielten einen Fragebogen zu persönlichen Daten, ihrer eigenen Darmkrebsvorsorge und zu ihrer Einstellung in diesem Thema gegenüber ihren Patienten.
Ergebnisse Auf der Basis von 237 erhaltenen Fragebögen zeigt sich, dass 72 % der Ärzte sich einer Darmkrebsvorsorgeuntersuchung unterzogen haben. 81 % wählten hierfür die Vorsorgekoloskopie. Überzeugt von dem Nutzen der Darmkrebsvorsorge empfehlen 90 % der Befragten ihren Patienten aktiv die Teilnahme an der Darmkrebsvorsorge. Konkret raten 88 % zur Vorsorgekoloskopie.
Schlussfolgerung Ärzte unterziehen sich in einem hohen Prozentsatz der Darmkrebsvorsorge. Die hohe Teilnehmerrate von Ärzten könnte ein zusätzlicher Motivationsfaktor bei Aufklärungskampagnen zur Darmkrebsprävention sein.
Next Generation Sequencing in der medizinischen Versorgung – Stellen Zusatzbefunde und ihre potentiellen ökonomischen Implikationen eine
Adoptionshürde dar?
Authors: Raths Susan , Paland Heiko , Buschke Marit , Fleßa Steffen 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit Ziel ist es, die Bedeutung des Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) und die Relevanz von Zusatzbefunden im derzeitigen klinischen Alltag zu
bewerten. Dies soll eine Beurteilung erlauben, ob die ökonomischen Konsequenzen von Zusatzbefunden in der klinischen Routine einer Adoption von modernen
Genanalysen entgegenstehen.
Methodik Hierzu wurde eine Literaturrecherche sowie eine Online-Befragung unter Humangenetikern (n = 53) zur Relevanz von NGS-Methoden und Zusatzbefunden
durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Whole Exome und Genome Sequencing (WES/WGS) werden bislang nur für ausgewählte Patientengruppen angewandt. Die Auftrittswahrscheinlichkeit von
Zusatzbefunden wird nur von wenigen Publikationen thematisiert und hängt von der Filterstrategie der Rohdaten ab. Soweit keine ausdrückliche Suche nach
Zusatzbefunden erfolgt, scheinen sie nicht gehäuft aufzutreten. Dies deckt sich mit den Angaben der deutschen Humangenetiker, wobei die Befragten zukünftig eine
deutliche Zunahme von genetischen Analysen und Zusatzbefunden erwarten.
Schlussfolgerung Umfassende Genanalysen sind bisher kein Massenphänomen in der Versorgung, sondern stellen eine frühe Mikroinnovation des
Gesundheitswesens dar. Zusatzbefunde können durch fokussierte Auswertungsstrategien minimiert werden. Derzeit behindern (noch) vielfältige Herausforderungen und
die teilweise fehlende Evidenz des Patientennutzens eine Übernahme als Standardlösung. Zusatzbefunde und ihre potentiellen Kosten spielen hingegen (noch) keine
bedeutende Rolle im Adoptionsprozess dieser Versorgungsinnovation.
New Cytotoxic Cycloartane Triterpenes from the Aerial Parts of Actaea heracleifolia (syn. Cimicifuga heracleifolia)
Authors: Shi Qiang-Qiang , Wang Wei-Hua , Lu Jing , Li Da-Shan , Zhou Lin , Qiu Ming-Hua 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOne new 15,16-seco-cycloartane triterpene (1), three new cycloartane triterpene glycosides (2–4), and five known compounds (5–9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Actaea heracleifolia. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of NMR analysis, HRTOF-ESIMS data, and other spectroscopic methods. Selected compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A549, MCF-7, and SW480) in vitro. Compounds 3 and 4 showed weak activity against the HL-60, A-549, and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 21.34 to 36.98 µM.
An Electrical Double Layer Theory for Platelet Adhesiveness and Initiation of Intravascular Thrombosis
Authors: Dawber J. G , Roberts J. C 
Published: September 2018

SummaryA theory based upon the concept of zeta potential is suggested for platelet adhesiveness. It is postulated that substances influence platelet adhesiveness by affecting the zeta potential at the platelet surface. The theory is tested by measuring the effects of various physiologically active compounds upon the streaming potential of saline solution flowing through a sintered glass membrane. The effects of the compounds on the streaming potential and hence zeta potential at the glass/liquid interface parallels their effects on platelet adhesiveness. The theory is extended to include the zeta potential of the vascular endothelium.
Effects of Bradykinin on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Study in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Neri Serneri G. G , Rossi Ferrini P. L , Paoletti P , Panti A , D’Ayala Valva G 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe effects of bradykinin on coagulation and fibrinolysis have been studied both “in vitro” and “in vivo” in man. “In vitro” bradykinin employed at different concentrations does not affect the coagulation and fibrinolysis processes in any appreciable way. Bradykinin, intraarterially injected in man in the dose of 10 y, does not modify coagulation studied both with global investigations (thrombelastogram, recalcification time) and with analytical researches (Quick’s time, activation test of intrinsic thromboplastin, thrombin generation test and thromboplastin test, thrombin time, determination of antithrombin II and III). Bradykinin instead produces an activation of fibrinolysis both in the thrombelastographic investigation and in the lysis time of euglobulins. The decrease in the activity of the proactivator and of plasminogen supports our view that bradykinin produces an activation of the fibrinolytic system by liberating tissue kinases which act on the proactivator. The authors have discussed the physiological and physiopathological significance of the observed findings.
Radiation-Induced Skin Changes after Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy: A Pilot Study on Indicators for Timing of Delayed Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Kung Theodore , Kidwell Kelley , Speth Kelly , Pang Judy , Jagsi Reshma , Newman Lisa , Wilkins Edwin , Momoh Adeyiza 
Published: September 2018

Background Delayed autologous breast reconstruction is commonly recommended in patients requiring postmastectomy radiation. This study examines gross and histologic changes in the breast skin of patients who have undergone postmastectomy radiation to help determine when radiation-induced skin changes begin to stabilize.
Methods A prospective pilot study was conducted on eight patients with invasive breast cancer who required mastectomy and radiotherapy. At the time of mastectomy and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 months after completion of radiotherapy, a punch biopsy was taken from the radiated mastectomy skin of each patient. Serial standardized photographs were taken before and after radiotherapy to evaluate the degree of hyperpigmentation and graded by three blinded plastic surgeons. Skin biopsies were processed for histologic assessment of inflammation, elastin organization, and vascularity.
Results Grading of patient photographs revealed an increase in hyperpigmentation after radiotherapy compared with baseline with a gradual improvement over time. SMAD3 immunostaining demonstrated a trend toward an increase in inflammation over 12 months. The elastin distribution within samples showed an increase in fiber disorganization, thickening, and clumping, with no improvement throughout the study period. The average number of vessels per high powered field decreased steadily through the duration of the study.
Conclusion Histologic changes in dermal inflammation, elastin organization, and vascularity do not appear to correspond with the gradual improvement of hyperpigmentation, resulting from postmastectomy radiation. These histologic changes persist beyond the 12 month observation period and will require clinical correlation to determine the potential impact on postoperative outcomes.
Gestational Weight Gain during Pregnancy as an Important Factor Influencing a Successful Trial of Labor following Two Previous Cesareans
Authors: Sargent James , Savitsky Leah , Dissanayake Mekhala , Lo Jamie , Cheng Yvonne , Caughey Aaron 
Published: September 2018

Objective We sought to identify factors associated with a successful trial of labor (TOL) following two cesarean deliveries (CDs) in a contemporary North American cohort.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of term, nonanomalous, singleton, vertex pregnancies attempting a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) following a history of two previous CDs in the United States from 2012 to 2014. Maternal and intrapartum factors were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression.
Results A total of 22,762 women met the inclusion criteria and underwent TOL. Of these, 12,192 (53.6%) had a VBAC. Using multivariate logistic regression, previous vaginal delivery and delivery at 40 to 41 weeks' gestation were associated with VBAC; maternal age, education, Medicaid insurance, non-Caucasian race/ethnicity, weight (overweight or obese), and gestational weight gain above the Institute of Medicine guidelines (adjusted odds ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.81–0.95) were associated with CD. Induction of labor did not affect the VBAC rate.
Conclusion For those desiring a TOL after two previous CDs, prospective studies are needed to assess interventions that limit gestational weight gain as well as the safety and optimal timing of an induction of labor. The decision to attempt a TOL should be guided by counseling regarding the risks, benefits, and chances of a successful TOL.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells inhibit T cell activation through nitrating LCK in mouse cancers
Authors: Feng Shan , Cheng Xi , Zhang Lin , Lu Xuemin , Chaudhary Seema , Teng Ruifang , Frederickson Christian , Champion Matthew M. , Zhao Ren , Cheng Liang , Gong Yiyi , Deng Haiteng , Lu Xin 
Published: September 2018

SignificanceImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) to reinvigorate cytotoxic T lymphocytes using antibodies against CTLA4 or PD1 generates durable therapeutic responses in patients across a variety of cancer types. However, some cancers such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) show overwhelming resistance to ICB. Here, we develop a nitroproteomic approach and uncover a potential mechanism for the immunotherapy resistance where a key protein for T cell activation, lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), is nitrated and inactivated by myeloid-derived suppressor cell–generated reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the resistant tumor. An agent that neutralizes RNS significantly sensitizes CRPC to ICB therapy in a mouse model. Therefore, our studies illuminate a clinical path hypothesis for combining ICB with RNS-reducing agents in the treatment of ICB-resistant cancers.
Stepwise oral immunotherapy for 10 days in an egg-white allergy mouse model did not ameliorate the severity of allergy but induced the production of allergen-specific IgA
Authors: Maeta Akihiro , Katahira Risako , Matsushima Marin , Onishi Haruka , Nakamura Yu , Takahashi Kyoko 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
We examined whether the stepwise oral immunotherapy (OIT) for 10 days ameliorates the severity of allergy and the biomarkers in an allergy mouse model. The OIT could not protect anaphylaxis symptoms after allergen challenges but promote the production of antibodies, especially allergen-specific IgA. It was suggested that this OIT influenced the function of immuno response against the allergen.
Abbreviations: EW: egg white; IFC: intraperitoneal food challenge; IFN-γ: interferon-γ; IL: interleukin; OVA: ovalbumin; OM: ovomucoid; OFC: oral food challenge; OIT: oral immunotherapy.
The impact of diabetes mellitus on the clinical phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wasserstrum Yishay , Barriales-Villa Roberto , Fernández-Fernández Xusto , Adler Yehuda , Lotan Dor , Peled Yael , Klempfner Robert , Kuperstein Rafael , Shlomo Nir , Sabbag Avi , Freimark Dov , Monserrat Lorenzo , Arad Michael 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Aims
Diabetes mellitus (DM) aggravates the clinical features of ischaemic and hypertensive heart diseases and worsens the prognosis of heart failure patients. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and diabetes coexist fairly frequently in elderly patients but the impact of DM on the clinical phenotype of HCM is yet unknown. We sought to describe if predominant features of heart failure in DM patients exist independently in HCM.

Methods and results
We reviewed clinical characteristics of 937 patients, age ≥40, diagnosed with HCM, from two tertiary medical centres in Spain and Israel. A propensity score matched cohort of 294 patients was also analysed. Our cohort comprised 102 HCM patients with diabetes (8.7%). Patients with DM were older at diagnosis {median 56 [interquartile range (IQR) 47–67] vs. 53 (IQR 43–63), P = 0.02} and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with DM had a higher prevalence of diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, significant mitral regurgitation, and pacemaker implantation. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with DM had a higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (P &lt; 0.001) and lower exercise capacity [7.0 METS (IQR 5.0–10.0) vs. 9.0 METS (IQR 6.6–11.0), P = 0.002]. These findings were independent of age, gender, country of origin, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Patients with diabetes had a significantly higher 15-year mortality (22% vs. 15%, P = 0.03), with no differences in sudden cardiac death, appropriate implanted cardioverter-defibrillator therapy, or heart transplantation.

Conclusion
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with diabetes are older and have a higher cardiovascular risk profile. They have a lower functional capacity and more heart failure symptoms due to diastolic dysfunction.
Ignoring the vertical dimension: biased view on feeding dynamics of vertically migrating sprat (Sprattus sprattus)
Authors: Kulke Rini , Bödewadt Viola , Hänselmann Kristin , Herrmann Jens-Peter , Temming Axel 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a common behaviour and often relates with the diurnal feeding periodicity. Nonetheless, sprat feeding behaviour and daily ration (DR) estimation are usually based on daytime stomach contents from deeper layers. Our study provides a new approach for DR estimation, taking into consideration the DVM associated feeding periodicity. We analysed sprat DVM by hydroacoustics and collected stomach contents in the Central Baltic Sea at different depths. The main outcome is that feeding in the deep during the day represents only 16–39% of the DR. DRs were 1.4-times higher using our approach compared to the established approach. The underestimation by the established approach was mainly caused by ignoring the effect of higher temperatures from the upper layers on the gastric evacuation rate. Our results have major implications not only for DR estimates but also on the interpretation of prey selectivity. The study emphasizes the importance of adapting the sampling design to the vertical feeding dynamics to avoid a biased picture of predator prey interactions.
Stream function formulation of surface Stokes equations
Authors: Reusken Arnold 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper we present a derivation of the surface Helmholtz decomposition, discuss its relation to the surface Hodge decomposition and derive a well-posed stream function formulation of a class of surface Stokes problems. We consider a $C^2$ connected (not necessarily simply connected) oriented hypersurface $\varGamma \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ without boundary. The surface gradient, divergence, curl and Laplace operators are defined in terms of the standard differential operators of the ambient Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^3$. These representations are very convenient for the implementation of numerical methods for surface partial differential equations. We introduce surface $\mathbf H({\mathop{\rm div}}_{\varGamma})$ and $\mathbf H({\mathop{\rm curl}}_{\varGamma})$ spaces and derive useful properties of these spaces. A main result of the paper is the derivation of the Helmholtz decomposition, in terms of these surface differential operators, based on elementary differential calculus. As a corollary of this decomposition we obtain that for a simply connected surface to every tangential divergence-free velocity field there corresponds a unique scalar stream function. Using this result the variational form of the surface Stokes equation can be reformulated as a well-posed variational formulation of a fourth-order equation for the stream function. The latter can be rewritten as two coupled second-order equations, which form the basis for a finite element discretization. A particular finite element method is explained and the results of a numerical experiment with this method are presented.
A mixed finite-element method for elliptic operators with Wentzell boundary condition
Authors: Bänsch Eberhard , Gahn Markus 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper we introduce and analyze a mixed finite-element approach for a coupled bulk-surface problem of second order with a Wentzell boundary condition. The problem is formulated on a domain with a curved smooth boundary. We introduce a mixed formulation that is equivalent to the usual weak formulation. Furthermore, optimal a priori error estimates between the exact solution and the finite-element approximation are derived. To this end, the curved domain is approximated by a polyhedral domain introducing an additional geometrical error that has to be bounded. A computational result confirms the theoretical findings.
Survivability of moon systems around ejected gas giants
Authors: Rabago Ian , Steffen Jason H 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
We examine the effects that planetary encounters have on the moon systems of ejected gas giant planets. We conduct a suite of numerical simulations of planetary systems containing three Jupiter-mass planets (with the innermost planet at 3 au) up to the point where a planet is ejected from the system. The ejected planet has an initial system of 100 test-particle moons. We determine the survival probability of moons at different distances from their host planet, measure the final distribution of orbital elements, examine the stability of resonant configurations, and characterize the properties of moons that are stripped from the planets. We find that moons are likely to survive in orbits with semi-major axes out beyond 200 planetary radii (0.1 au in our case). The orbital inclinations and eccentricities of the surviving moons are broadly distributed and include nearly hyperbolic orbits and retrograde orbits. We find that a large fraction of moons in two-body and three-body mean-motion resonances also survive planetary ejection with the resonance intact. The moon–planet interactions, especially in the presence of mean-motion resonance, can keep the interior of the moons molten for billions of years via tidal flexing, as is seen in the moons of the gas giant planets in the solar system. Given the possibility that life may exist in the subsurface ocean of the Galilean satellite Europa, these results have implications for life on the moons of rogue planets – planets that drift through our Galaxy with no host star.