bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone Quality is Associated with Fragility Fracture in Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Ellen B Fung , Iman Sarsour , Raquel Manzo , Ashutosh Lal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLow bone mass is common in adults with thalassemia (Thal) and sickle cell disease (SCD), though disease-specific artifacts may contribute to inaccuracies in bone mineral density (BMD) assessment. Trabecular bone score (TBS), an indicator of bone quality, is not susceptible to these challenges and may improve fracture risk prediction.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with Thal or SCD who had at least one spine BMD scan by DXA performed in the past 10 years. The most recent scan was reanalyzed for bone quality using TBS Insight (Medimaps v 3.0.2) with abnormal defined as TBS <1.20. Fracture prevalence was determined by patient report with medical record validation. Patients were compared to healthy controls who participated in previous research.ResultsData was abstracted from 126 patients with Thal (31.7±11.9 yrs, 51% Male), 170 with SCD (24.6±13.5 yrs, 43% Male), and 64 controls (25.9±8.0 yrs, 17% Male). Low bone mass was observed in 63% of Thal compared with 36% of SCD and 3% of controls (p<0.001); while only 15% of patients had abnormal TBS. History of fracture was present in 35.6% of Thal and 22.9% of SCD; of which 15.7% were fragility fractures. After adjusting for age and hypogonadism, low bone mass was associated with an increased overall fracture prevalence (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.23; p=0.041), but not with fragility fracture. In contrast, abnormal bone quality was strongly associated with fragility fracture after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (OR: 11.4, 95% CI: 2.2, 59.1, p=0.004).ConclusionsBone quality by TBS may be a valuable tool in predicting the risk of fragility fractures in young adults with hemoglobinopathies and should be considered when making decisions for anti-resorptive therapy in those with low BMD naive to fracture or where disease-specific artifacts complicate accurate spine assessment by BMD alone.
Spatial resolution of dijet photoproduction in near-encounter ultraperipheral nuclear collisions
Authors: Eskola Kari J. , Guzey Vadim , Helenius Ilkka , Paakkinen Petja , Paukkunen Hannu 
Published: November 2024

We present next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions for inclusive dijet photoproduction in ultraperipheral nucleus-nucleus collisions (UPCs) within the impact-parameter dependent equivalent photon approximation. Taking into account the finite size of both the photon-emitting nucleus and the target nucleus, we show that this process is sensitive to the transverse-plane geometry of the UPC events. We show that this leads to a sizable, 20–40% effect for large values of the zγ variable in the dijet photoproduction cross section in lead-lead UPCs at 5.02 TeV compared to the widely used pointlike approximation where the nuclear radius is accounted for only as a sharp cutoff in the photon flux calculation. This resolution of the spatial degrees of freedom is a result of having high-transverse-momentum jets in the final state, which at the large-zγ kinematics requires a highly energetic photon in the initial state, thus biasing the collisions to small impact-parameter “near-encounter” configurations. We further discuss the role of the forward-neutron event-class selection in isolating the photonuclear cross section in the nucleus-nucleus collisions, and employ the needed electromagnetic breakup survival factor in our predictions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The role of industry 4.0 and ambidexterity on the SCM-SME performance link: Australia evidence
Authors: Mamun Mehadi 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationships amongst supply chain management (SCM) implementation, Industry 4.0 technologies, organisational ambidexterity and SMEs’ performance in Australia. It further examines whether Industry 4.0 technologies and organisational ambidexterity have mediating effects on such relationships.Design/methodology/approachResearch data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of a sample of 204 SMEs from different industries in Australia. The overall model fit and hypotheses were tested through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM).FindingsThe statistical results reveal that successful SCM implementation, Industry 4.0 technologies and organisational ambidexterity approach through exploiting existing competencies and exploring new opportunities improve SMEs' performance in Australia. In addition, Industry 4.0 technologies and organisational ambidexterity are found to mediate the relationship between SCM implementation and SMEs’ performance.Originality/valueThe coexisting impacts of SCM implementation, Industry 4.0 technologies and organisational ambidexterity on SMEs’ performance, and how Industry 4.0 technologies and organisational ambidexterity mediate and affect the relationship of SCM implementation and SMEs’ performance have not been addressed previously in Australia. This study, thus, addresses these research gaps, which are expected to be beneficial to managerial practices to support SMEs in their strategic planning and performance enhancement goals.
Capital mobility, financial development and sustainable trade development in sub-Saharan Africa: a GMM-PVAR based analysis
Authors: Aawaar Godfred , Abendin Simon , Naatu Felicia , Nyeadi Joseph Dery 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe existing literature on the effects of capital mobility and financial development on sustainable trade development in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries has been centered on production-based carbon emissions without investigating consumption-based or trade-adjusted carbon emissions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of capital mobility and financial development on sustainable trade development, specifically trade-adjusted carbon emissions in SSA economies.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed the novel GMM-PVAR estimator and the Drisc-Kraay fixed effect panel corrected standard error (PCSE) dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and the fully modified least squares (FMOLS) approaches on panel data from 46 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over the period 1992–2021.FindingsThe study established that capital mobility has a significant positive effect on sustainable trade development in SSA in the long run. Further, the empirical results reveal that the link between financial development and sustainable trade development is significantly positive in the long run. Moreover, the results suggest that capital mobility and financial development have predictive power on sustainable trade development.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study imply that policymakers ought to pay equal attention to capital mobility and financial development when developing sustainable trade development policies.Originality/valueThe existing literature has been centered on production-based carbon emissions, without specifically considering sustainable trade development (consumption-based carbon emissions). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of capital mobility and financial development on sustainable trade development in SSA countries context.
Disaggregating air, water and renewable energy disclosures in developing economies: the role of regulatory impact and board characteristics
Authors: Saha Anup Kumar , Khan Imran 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study examines how board characteristics influence air, water and renewable energy (AWR) disclosures in an emerging economy. It argues for the necessity of separating these disclosures to address unique environmental impacts and stakeholder concerns.Design/methodology/approachUsing longitudinal data from environmentally sensitive firms (2014–2022), a disclosure index based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework was developed to quantify AWR separately. To address potential statistical issues such as endogeneity and selection bias, the analysis employed a set of robust regression models, including the industry fixed effects (FE) model, a lagged model and a two-stage least squares (2SLS) model.FindingsBoard size and audit committees positively influence all AWR disclosures, while foreign directors significantly impact air and renewable energy disclosures. Board meetings negatively affect water disclosures. Surprisingly, board independence shows no significant impact, and gender diversity has no notable relationship. Post-amendment, firms increased AWR disclosures, though participation remains limited.Research limitations/implicationsGrounded in legitimacy theory, this study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how separating the unique characteristics of AWR disclosures offers stakeholders more precise insights into how firms manage specific environmental concerns. The findings are based on data from listed firms in Bangladesh and may not be generalisable to unlisted firms or other regions.Practical implicationsThe study emphasises the importance of distinct AWR reporting, offering valuable insights for regulators and corporate boards to improve transparency and sustainability practices.Social implicationsSeparating AWR disclosures provides stakeholders with clearer assessments of firms' environmental performance, promoting accountability and informed decision-making.Originality/valueThis study uniquely emphasises the need for disaggregating air, water and renewable energy disclosures in emerging economies. By focussing on each environmental issue separately, the research highlights how distinct disclosures offer clearer insights into how firms address specific environmental challenges, such as air pollution, water management and the transition to renewable energy sources. This disaggregation is essential for stakeholders – particularly regulators, investors and policymakers – to assess and respond to firms' sustainability efforts accurately.
Unlocking knowledge transfer dynamics across borders: key drivers in international strategic alliances
Authors: Rezaei Mojtaba 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
In today’s swiftly evolving and intensely competitive business landscape, organisations increasingly recognise the significance of cross-border collaborative partnerships. International Strategic Alliances (ISAs) have emerged as effective platforms to foster innovation and gain a competitive advantage. Within the context of the hotel industry, which epitomises international operations, this study aims to investigate the pivotal role of knowledge transfer (KT) in the performance of ISAs.

Design/methodology/approach
The research framework draws on the influence of technological drivers (TD), organisational drivers (OD) and individual drivers (ID) on successful KT within ISAs. By analysing data from managers and owners of international hotel businesses using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), this study empirically examines the relationships between these drivers and KT dynamics.

Findings
Findings highlight the direct impact of these drivers on KT and subsequent alliance performance. However, among these drivers, factors related to TDs, such as Web 2.0, knowledge management systems and IT infrastructure, generally received the highest values.

Originality/value
This study contributes to international business and knowledge management and sheds light on the intricate interactions between the drivers of KT and ISAs. The insights derived from this study provide a foundation for enhancing strategic alliance practices in a global context. By embracing KT mechanisms, organisations can harness collaborative potential, drive innovation and achieve sustainable growth.
The thin line: exploring sales job stress effects on disidentification and intention to quit
Authors: Satpathy Shyamali , Meher Jamini Ranjan , Patel Gokulananda 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to ascertain the effects of stress in sales positions and the intention of employees to quit their jobs. The paper also places a distinct focus on unraveling the intricate mechanisms of organizational disidentification that underlie the connection between job stress and the intention to quit.Design/methodology/approachTo secure results of high precision and reliability, this study employed a convenient sampling approach to gather data from sales personnel in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR). A total of 329 samples were meticulously gathered and subjected to analysis through partial structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using SMART PLS 4.0. This method enabled the relationships between the variables, yielding invaluable insights for our research.FindingsThe study's findings emphasize a clear connection between job stress and the inclination to quit. The data indicates that heightened job stress increases the likelihood of employees contemplating job departure. Notably, the study unveils organizational disidentification as a crucial factor in this association. Essentially, when employees feel disconnected from their organization, they are more prone to job stress and consider leaving. The takeaway is evident: employers must prioritize employee well-being, foster a positive work environment and thereby diminish job stress to retain their valuable workforce.Research limitations/implicationsThe research makes it evident that job stress is leading employees to withdraw from social interactions and, in some cases, quit their jobs. To address this issue, organizations can lower dissatisfaction by supporting stress management initiatives and promoting a healthy environment. The study underscores the significance of adopting strategies and practices that instill a sense of pride in employees for being part of the organization. This approach not only helps in retaining top talent but also cultivates a more positive work environment.Originality/valueUncovering the nuanced relationship between job stress and the intention to quit is the primary goal of this study. What sets this research apart is its capability to illuminate the existence of organizational disidentification arising from stress in sales jobs.
Exploring the influence of green inclusive leadership on green creativity: examining the underlying mechanisms
Authors: Liu Jia-Xin 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of green inclusive leadership (GIL) on green creativity (GCRY) within the context of higher education institutions (HEIs) in China. Specifically, it aims to examine the mediating roles of green intrinsic motivation (GIM), environmental knowledge (EK) and green thinking (GT) according to the componential theory of creativity (CTC).Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a series of questionnaire surveys to collect data at three different time points from various sources. A total of 583 leader-faculty matched samples were obtained from two universities in China. The hypothesized relationships were tested using PROCESS macro in SPSS.FindingsThe findings indicate a beneficial influence of GIL on GCRY, mediated by GIM, EK and GT. Noteworthy interaction effects were observed, with GIM fostering EK and GT, and EK laying the groundwork for GT.Practical implicationsThis research contributes to the existing literature by confirming the implementation of GIL and supporting the CTC, offering insights into the motivational processes driving GCRY and with practical implications discussed for the effective management of GIL and GCRY in higher education settings.Originality/valueThe novelty of this research model lies in its operationalization of environmental sustainability within the CTC. This study is the initial investigation highlighting the role of GIL in fostering GCRY within HEIs. The key contribution of the study is the investigation of GIM, EK and GT as potential mediators in the relationship between GIL and GCRY. This expands the theoretical boundaries of the CTC framework.
Technical and environmental inefficiency measurement in agriculture using a flexible by‐production stochastic frontier model
Authors: Skevas Ioannis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn light of the urgent need for farms to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining economic viability, this paper analyses technical and environmental inefficiencies and their determinants based on a flexible multi‐equation by‐production stochastic frontier model, which accounts for the stochastic dependence between good and bad outputs via a copula function. An empirical application to Dutch dairy farms illustrates the distortions in the inefficiency scores and in the estimates of their determinants that occur when the dependence between good and bad outputs is ignored. The empirical results indicate a strong positive dependence between the good output (milk) and the bad output (methane emissions), which is particularly pronounced in the upper tail of the distribution. Notably, farms exhibit high efficiency in maximising their good output and minimising their bad output. Subsidies are negatively related to good output inefficiency but positively related to bad output inefficiency, while stock density exhibits a negative association with inefficiencies in both outputs. Disregarding output dependence leads to distortions in inefficiency estimates, particularly affecting the estimates for their determinants.
A fatal case of potassium gold cyanide poisoning
Authors: Seol Ilung , Lee Seungho , Kim Hyejung , Kim Hyung Joo , Ahn Su‐Jin , Jung Jieun , Lee Jaesin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA 77‐year‐old professional gold craftsman ingested a white powder used in goldsmithing, mistaking the powder for a health supplement. He detected a strange taste and immediately fell sick, reported the incident to 911, and was taken to the emergency room. He died approximately 8.5 h post‐ingestion despite treatment. There were no significant findings in the autopsy, the victim's heart blood sample, gastric contents, and the white powder the victim had taken were submitted to the department of forensic toxicology. Using scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, potassium and gold (Au) were detected in the white powder. Ion chromatography analysis detected cyanide. Concentrations of cyanide were 0.5 mg/L in heart blood and 13.3 mg/L in gastric contents. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of Au in the heart blood sample and gastric contents using inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectrometry detected concentrations of 79.8 mg/L and 2010.1 mg/L, respectively. Au and cyanide synergistically enhance cytotoxicity through inhibition of detoxification and increasing intracellular accumulation. In the present case, the detected blood cyanide concentration was sub or minimally lethal, and the blood Au concentration was high. The cause of the victim's death was the combined toxicity of Au and cyanide.
To never exist is always best. A critique of the metaphysics of pronatalism in contemporary bioethics
Authors: Szocik Konrad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe subject of this paper is a critique of the pronatalist metaphysics that underlies bioethics and shapes the thinking and discourse on reproductive rights. The point of reference is the philosophy of antinatalism presented by Marcus T. L. Teo. Seemingly arguing in favor of antinatalism, Teo mixes antinatalist concepts with pronatalist intuitions. The consequence of combining the impossible is the restoration of negative eugenics on the one hand, and a series of contradictions on the other. The article shows that philosophical antinatalism is a universal position that indicates that procreation always, everywhere and for everyone is wrong. The paper simultaneously exposes and criticizes the metaphysics of pronatalism underlying bioethical discourse. Weakening pronatalism in bioethics and turning more attention to antinatalism could bring good results for women, the environment, and bioethics itself in terms of its thematic preferences.
Mafia and Political Competition Redirecting Votes not Discouraging Candidates
Authors: Baraldi Anna Laura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe efforts of organized crime to affect the outcome of elections have been well documented. In the present paper, we exploit the staggered enforcement of Law 164/1991, an anticrime measure that mandates dissolution of the city council in the case of suspected mafia infiltration, to show that political competition in municipal elections in Italy, measured by the win margin between the two “strongest” candidates and the Herfindahl index, increases sharply in the first election following a compulsory administration in dissolved municipalities compared to the control group of municipalities that have never been subject to council dissolution. We find that this effect of the anti‐mafia policy remains slightly significant up to the third election after dissolution, after which time it disappears. The paper suggests that mafias manipulate electoral outcomes principally by affecting voter behaviour, rather than by discouraging unfriendly candidates. We investigate several channels that might be driving these results.
Integration of genomic and transcriptomic layers in RNA‐Seq data leads to protein interaction modules with improved Alzheimer's disease associations
Authors: Düz Elif , İlgün Atılay , Bozkurt Fatma Betül , Çakır Tunahan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and it is currently untreatable. RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) is commonly used in the literature to identify AD‐associated molecular mechanisms by analysing changes in gene expression. RNA‐Seq data can also be used to detect genomic variants, enabling the identification of the genes with a higher load of deleterious variants in patients compared with controls. Here, we analysed AD RNA‐Seq datasets to obtain differentially expressed genes and genes with a higher load of pathogenic variants in AD, and we combined them in a single list. We mapped these genes on a human protein–protein interaction network to discover subnetworks perturbed by AD. Our results show that utilizing gene pathogenicity information from RNA‐Seq data positively contributes to the disclosure of AD‐related mechanisms. Moreover, dividing the discovered subnetworks into highly connected modules reveals a clearer picture of altered molecular pathways that, otherwise, would not be captured. Repeating the whole pipeline with human metabolic network genes led to results confirming the positive contribution of gene pathogenicity information and enabled a more detailed identification of altered metabolic pathways in AD.
Crude Oil Markets Volatility Forecasting: A Novel Deep Learning Hybrid Model
Authors: Lin Zixiao , Tan Bin , Lin Yu , Lu Qin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo the national economy, increasing the forecasting accuracy of realised volatility (RV) on crude oil futures markets is of critical strategic importance. However, the RV of crude oil futures cannot be accurately predicted with a single model. For this study, we adopt a hybrid model which combines gated recurrent unit (GRU) and complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) to forecast the RV of crude oil futures. Moreover, back propagation neural networks (BP), Elman neural networks (Elman), support vector regression machine (SVR), autoregressive model (AR), heterogeneous autoregressive model (HAR), and their hybrid models with CEEMDAN are adopted as comparisons. In general, this article demonstrates the superiority of the CEEMDAN‐GRU model in RV forecasting from several aspects: for both evaluation criteria, CEEMDAN‐GRU achieves the highest RV forecasting accuracy in emerging and developed crude oil futures markets; furthermore, the empirical results are robust to alternative realised measures and training sets of different lengths.