bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of ophthalmic laser surgeries by a local thermal non-equilibrium two-temperature model
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhao Yibo , Li Dong 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to understand the laser–tissue interaction mechanism during ophthalmic laser surgeries through numerical analysis. The influence of laser parameters and the multipulse technique were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
The ocular fundus was simplified as a multilayered homogenous medium model. Afterward, the multilayer Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the propagation and energy deposition of laser light, and a local thermal non-equilibrium two-temperature model was established to simulate the temperature variation of chromophores and surrounding tissue with different laser wavelength.

Findings
Through the model, the selective heating of chromophore (melanin and blood vessels) was clearly illustrated: 1) neglecting the laser energy absorbance by blood in the traditional model will cause significant errors in temperature calculation; 2) the non-thermal equilibrium heat transfer model was needed to obtain an accurate description of the thermal process when the dimensionless pulse width (tp*) is <105. For 532 nm Argon laser, the optimize tp* is around 105 and the appropriate energy density is 5 J/cm2; 3) multipulse technique makes the energy more concentrated within the melanin, thereby reducing the thermal damage in surrounding tissue, with most appropriate pulse number and duty cycle is 10 and 1/10.

Originality/value
Taking the blood absorption into account, the different temperature variations of melanin/vessels and surrounding tissue caused by the selective photo-thermolysis were simulated successfully. By understanding the mechanism of laser therapy, laser parameters and multipulse technique are suggested to improve the clinical results.
Multisensory experience for enhancing hotel guest experience
Authors: Lee Minwoo , Lee Seonjeong (Ally) , Koh Yoon 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effect of customers’ multisensory service experience on customer satisfaction with cognitive effort and affective evaluations using big data and business intelligence techniques.

Design/methodology/approach
Online customer reviews for all New York City hotels were collected from Tripadvisor.com and analyzed through business intelligence and big data analytics techniques including data mining, text analytics, sentiment analysis and regression analysis.

Findings
The current study identifies the relationship between affective evaluations (i.e. positive affect and negative affect) and customer satisfaction. Research findings also find the negative effect of reviewer’s cognitive effort on satisfaction rating. More importantly, this study demonstrates the moderating role of multisensory experience as an innovative marketing tool on the relationship between affect/cognitive evaluation and customer satisfaction in the hospitality setting.

Originality/value
This study is the first study to explore the critical role of sensory marketing on hotel guest experience in the context of hotel customer experience and service innovation, based on big data and business intelligence techniques.
Senior consumers’ dining-out behaviors: the roles of physical, psychological and economic health
Authors: Kim DongHee , Jang SooCheong (Shawn) 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of three types of perceived healthiness (physical, psychological and economic health) on restaurant consumption activities among senior consumers.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 325 restaurant customers in the USA through a Web-based survey conducted by an online marketing research firm. Following previous studies’ categorization of senior consumers, this study distinguished between “senior consumers” (age 60 or older) and “younger consumers” (age 39 or younger) to better compare different age-related behaviors. A series of two-way ANOVA was conducted for dining-out frequency and the number of choice sets.

Findings
The results revealed that senior diners’ perceptions of healthiness are critical in determining senior consumers’ restaurant behaviors, such as information processing and purchasing behaviors. The results provide evidence that seniors with a positive perception of their physical and psychological status seek a greater number of alternative restaurant choices, which is actively related to purchasing frequency.

Practical implications
The managerial implications indicate that restaurant marketers should avoid stereotypes and instead rely on more recent and accurate information regarding today’s senior consumers.

Originality/value
The position taken in this study recognizes the need to enhance the understanding of senior consumers’ patterns regarding their perceived physical, psychological and economic health. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the impact of three types of health on seniors’ dining behaviors.
Deep reflection seismic imaging of iron‐oxide deposits in the Ludvika mining area of central Sweden
Authors: Markovic Magdalena , Maries Georgiana , Malehmir Alireza , von Ketelhodt Julius , Bäckström Emma , Schön Monica , Marsden Paul 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTReflection seismic data were acquired within two field campaigns in the Blötberget, Ludvika mining area of central Sweden, for deep imaging of iron‐oxide mineralization that were known to extend down to 800–850 m depth. The two surveys conducted in years 2015 and 2016, one employing a seismic landstreamer and geophones connected to wireless recorders, and another one using cabled geophones and wireless recorders, aimed to delineate the geometry and depth extent of the iron‐oxide mineralization for when mining commences in the area. Even with minimal and conventional processing approaches, the merged datasets provide encouraging information about the depth continuation of the mineralized horizons and the geological setting of the study area. Multiple sets of strong reflections represent a possible continuation of the known deposits that extend approximately 300 m further down‐dip than the known 850 m depth obtained from historical drilling. They show excellent correlation in shape and strength with those of the Blötberget deposits. Furthermore, several reflections in the footwall of the known mineralization can potentially be additional resources underlying the known ones. The results from these seismic surveys are encouraging for mineral exploration purposes given the good quality of the final section and fast seismic surveys employing a simple cost‐effective and easily available impact‐type seismic source.
Microbial degradation of phthalates: biochemistry and environmental implications
Authors: Boll Matthias , Geiger Robin , Junghare Madan , Schink Bernhard 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe environmentally relevant xenobiotic esters of phthalic acid (PA), isophthalic acid (IPA) and terephthalic acid (TPA) are produced on a million ton scale annually and are predominantly used as plastic polymers or plasticizers. Degradation by microorganisms is considered as the most effective means of their elimination from the environment and proceeds via hydrolysis to the corresponding PA isomers and alcohols under oxic and anoxic conditions. Further degradation of PA, IPA and TPA differs fundamentally between anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. The latter introduce hydroxyl functionalities by dioxygenases to facilitate subsequent decarboxylation by either aromatizing dehydrogenases or cofactor‐free decarboxylases. In contrast, anaerobic bacteria activate the PA isomers to the respective thioesters using CoA ligases or CoA transferases followed by decarboxylation to the central intermediate benzoyl‐CoA. Decarboxylases acting on the three PA CoA thioesters belong to the UbiD enzyme family that harbour a prenylated flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor to achieve the mechanistically challenging decarboxylation. Capture of the extremely instable PA‐CoA intermediate is accomplished by a massive overproduction of phthaloyl‐CoA decarboxylase and a balanced production of PA‐CoA forming/decarboxylating enzymes. The strategy of anaerobic phthalate degradation probably represents a snapshot of an ongoing evolution of a xenobiotic degradation pathway via a short‐lived reaction intermediate.
Associations Between Drinking and Cortical Thickness in Younger Adult Drinkers: Findings From the Human Connectome Project
Authors: Morris Vanessa L. , Owens Max M. , Syan Sabrina K. , Petker Tashia D. , Sweet Lawrence H. , Oshri Assaf , MacKillop James , Amlung Michael 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundPrevious neuroimaging studies examining relations between alcohol misuse and cortical thickness have revealed that increased drinking quantity and alcohol‐related problems are associated with thinner cortex. Although conflicting regional effects are often observed, associations are generally localized to frontal regions (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC], inferior frontal gyrus [IFG], and anterior cingulate cortex). Inconsistent findings may be attributed to methodological differences, modest sample sizes, and limited consideration of sex differences.MethodsThis study examined neuroanatomical correlates of drinking quantity and heavy episodic drinking in a large sample of younger adults (N = 706; Mage = 28.8; 51% female) using magnetic resonance imaging data from the Human Connectome Project. Exploratory analyses examined neuroanatomical correlates of executive function (flanker task) and working memory (list sorting).ResultsHierarchical linear regression models (controlling for age, sex, education, income, smoking, drug use, twin status, and intracranial volume) revealed significant inverse associations between drinks in past week and frequency of heavy drinking and cortical thickness in a majority of regions examined. The largest effect sizes were found for frontal regions (DLPFC, IFG, and the precentral gyrus). Follow‐up regression models revealed that the left DLPFC was uniquely associated with both drinking variables. Sex differences were also observed, with significant effects largely specific to men.ConclusionsThis study adds to the understanding of brain correlates of alcohol use in a large, gender‐balanced sample of younger adults. Although the cross‐sectional methodology precludes causal inferences, these findings provide a foundation for rigorous hypothesis testing in future longitudinal investigations.
Telepresence robots: Encouraging interactive communication between family carers and people with dementia
Authors: Moyle Wendy , Jones Cindy , Sung Billy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of using telepresence robots to encourage interactive communication in dementia care, from the perspective of family carers.MethodsQualitative findings from semi‐structured interviews with six family carers.ResultsGenerally, family carers reported a feeling of presence and connectedness when talking to their family member via the telepresence robots. They reported the robots as helping to enhance longer conversations and social connection with their family member.ConclusionTelepresence may offer potential to encourage social connection, in particular where families are unable to make regular visits to the nursing home.
Do Voters Polarize When Radical Parties Enter Parliament?
Authors: Bischof Daniel , Wagner Markus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDo voters polarize ideologically when radical views gain political legitimacy, or does the rise of radical voices merely reflect societal conflict? We argue that elite polarization as signaled by radical parties' first entrance into parliament leads to voter divergence. Immediately after the election, legitimization and backlash effects mean that voters on both ideological sides move toward the extremes. In the longer term, this polarization is solidified because of radical parties' parliamentary presence. A panel study of Dutch voters shows that the 2002 parliamentary entrance of a radical‐right party indeed led to immediate ideological polarization across the political spectrum. Estimating time‐series cross‐sectional models on Eurobarometer data from 17 countries (1973–2016) shows an additional long‐term impact of radical‐right party entry on polarization. The presence of radical voices on the right has polarizing effects, illustrating how such institutional recognition and legitimization can have a far‐reaching impact on society.
Life satisfaction of informal care recipients: Findings from the German Ageing Survey
Authors: Zwar Larissa , König Hans‐Helmut , Hajek André 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesGlobal judgements of life satisfaction are a core aspect of subjective well‐being, and of central relevance to understanding how those in need of care view their lives. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the receipt of informal care and life satisfaction in a longitudinal setting.DesignLongitudinal analysis of a population‐based data set of community‐dwelling individuals aged 40 years and older.MethodsData from the German Ageing Survey were used (Waves 2002, 2008, 2011, 2014). Fixed effects regression analysis was implemented to investigate the longitudinal association between receipt of informal care (no/yes) and life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), while controlling for sociodemographic data (e.g., age) and health‐related factors (e.g., physical and mental health).ResultsResults from fixed effects longitudinal models revealed that transitioning from not receiving informal care to receiving informal care predicted a decrease in life satisfaction. This result remained stable when specific types of receipt of informal care were used as predictors.ConclusionsReceiving informal care is associated with a decrease in life satisfaction, irrespective of the type of informal care received. These results highlight the necessity of taking the care recipient's perception into consideration, and indicate the imminent need for the care situation to be improved, if the life satisfaction of care recipients is to be maintained.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on the topic?

In general, few studies investigate the care recipients’ perspective regarding outcomes associated with the receipt of informal care. Particularly, studies on the association between receipt of informal care and life satisfaction, and especially longitudinal population‐based studies, are rare.

What does this study add?

Evidence of a population‐based longitudinal study in a sparsely investigated field of research

Our longitudinal study found recipients of informal care to report reduced life satisfaction

This negative association remained stable when investigating different tasks of informal care
Effectiveness of biodiversity‐conservation marketing
Authors: Ryan Jillian , Mellish Sarah , Dorrian Jillian , Winefield Tony , Litchfield Carla 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConservation marketing holds potential as a means to engage audiences with biodiversity conservation and help to address the human dimensions of biodiversity loss. Empirical evaluations of conservation marketing indicatives are growing, so we reviewed the literature on this research to inform future directions in the field. We used a systematic search strategy to identify studies that evaluated the effects of conservation marketing interventions (techniques and campaigns) on psychosocial outcomes, categorized as cognitive, affective, or behavioral. Six academic databases (Business Source Complete, Communication & Mass Media Complete, Greenfile, Proquest, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collections), 3 gray‐literature databases (BASE, Zenodo, and Google Scholar), and 2 websites (Rare and WildAid) were searched. Articles were subjected to critical appraisal to assess their methodological quality, and data were extracted from each article and analyzed using narrative synthesis. Altogether 28 studies from 26 articles were included in the review. Twenty‐five studies were conducted from 2014 through 2016. Methodological quality of most studies was weak (n = 16, 57%) (moderate quality n = 8, 29%; high quality n = 4, 14%). The proportion of studies that evaluated a conservation‐marketing technique (e.g., variants of texts, images, or videos) versus a campaign (e.g., community‐based campaigns targeting locally relevant issues, such as unsustainable palm oil agriculture, light pollution, or wood fuel fire use) was relatively balanced. Although many studies reported statistically significant results in the intended direction, the utility of findings was limited by persistent methodological limitations, such as a lack of a comparator group, use of non‐validated assessment tools, and a focus on self‐reported data and subjective outcomes. Conservation marketing is clearly a nascent field of scientific enquiry that warrants further, high‐quality research investigations.
An ambient intelligence approach for learning in smart robotic environments
Authors: Bacciu Davide , Di Rocco Maurizio , Dragone Mauro , Gallicchio Claudio , Micheli Alessio , Saffiotti Alessandro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSmart robotic environments combine traditional (ambient) sensing devices and mobile robots. This combination extends the type of applications that can be considered, reduces their complexity, and enhances the individual values of the devices involved by enabling new services that cannot be performed by a single device. To reduce the amount of preparation and preprogramming required for their deployment in real‐world applications, it is important to make these systems self‐adapting. The solution presented in this paper is based upon a type of compositional adaptation where (possibly multiple) plans of actions are created through planning and involve the activation of pre‐existing capabilities. All the devices in the smart environment participate in a pervasive learning infrastructure, which is exploited to recognize which plans of actions are most suited to the current situation. The system is evaluated in experiments run in a real domestic environment, showing its ability to proactively and smoothly adapt to subtle changes in the environment and in the habits and preferences of their user(s), in presence of appropriately defined performance measuring functions.
Glycaemic target attainment in people with Type 2 diabetes treated with insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed‐ratio combination: a post hoc analysis of the LixiLan‐O and LixiLan‐L trials
Authors: Davidson J. A. , Desouza C. , Fonseca V. , Frias J. P. , Van Gaal L. , Giorgino F. , Chao J. , Dex T. A. , Roberts M. , Saremi A. , Leiter L. A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsBoth fasting (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) contribute to HbA1c levels. We investigated the relationship between achievement of American Diabetes Association (ADA) and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) recommended FPG and/or PPG targets and glycaemic efficacy outcomes in two trials.MethodsIn this post hoc analysis, data from participants with Type 2 diabetes in the phase 3 LixiLan‐O (NCT 02058147) and LixiLan‐L (NCT 02058160) trials were evaluated to compare the relationship between achievement of society‐recommended FPG and/or PPG targets and efficacy (HbA1c change, HbA1c goal attainment, weight change) and safety outcomes in the treatment groups.ResultsAcross treatment arms, iGlarLixi achieved the highest proportion of participants meeting both ADA‐ and AACE‐recommended FPG and PPG targets at study end in both trials. A higher proportion of participants in the iGlarLixi (fixed‐ratio combination of insulin glargine and lixisenatide) vs. insulin glargine alone or lixisenatide alone treatment arms achieved HbA1c goals (P < 0.001 for overall comparisons), irrespective of ADA‐ or AACE‐defined targets. Hypoglycaemia rates [any, documented symptomatic (plasma glucose ≤ 3.9 mmol/l), and clinically important (plasma glucose < 3.0 mmol/l)] were low across all groups. Participants treated with iGlarLixi tended to show weight loss or less weight gain compared with participants receiving insulin glargine alone. No differences were observed in average daily basal insulin dose at week 30 between the two treatment arms or across the different FPG and PPG target groups.ConclusionInsulin glargine and lixisenatide as a fixed‐ratio combination resulted in more participants reaching both FPG and PPG targets, leading to better HbA1c target attainment.
Implementing simple algorithms to improve glucose and lipid management in people with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Lan N. S. R. , Fegan P. G. , Rankin J. M. , Bell D. A. , Watts G. F. , Yeap B. B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimDiabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes following acute coronary syndrome. Translating evidence‐based recommendations into practice is necessary to improve outcomes. We evaluated whether implementing algorithms to guide inpatient care improved glycaemic control, and increased use of sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and lipid‐lowering medication in a tertiary cardiac unit.MethodA 3‐month audit (phase 1) was conducted to evaluate hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia management, and medication prescriptions. Consecutive people with diabetes admitted for acute coronary syndrome were prospectively identified. Target blood glucose level was defined as 5–10 mmol/l. A multidisciplinary committee designed and implemented decision‐support algorithms plus education. A 3‐month post‐implementation audit (phase 2) was conducted.ResultsThere were 104 people in phase 1 and 101 in phase 2, with similar characteristics [HbA1c 64 ± 20 mmol/mol vs. 61 ± 21 mmol/mol (8.0 ± 1.8% vs. 7.8 ± 1.9%]. Post implementation, the incidence of blood glucose levels > 10 mmol/l was lower [phase 1: 46.4% vs. phase 2: 31.8%, rate ratio (RR) = 0.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.60–0.98; P = 0.031], without a difference in blood glucose levels < 5mmol/l (phase 1: 4.9% vs. phase 2: 4.5%, RR = 1.20, 95% CI 0.70–2.08; P = 0.506). SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions increased significantly (baseline to discharge: 12.5% to 15.4% vs. 7.9% to 24.8%; P = 0.007) but high‐intensity statin prescriptions did not (baseline to discharge: 35.6% to 72.1% vs. 40.6% to 85.1%; P = 0.074). Prescription rates of non‐statin lipid‐lowering medications were not significantly increased.ConclusionsImplementing decision‐support algorithms was associated with improved inpatient glycaemic control and increased use of cardioprotective therapies at discharge in people with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐2 mobilizes lipids from the intestine by a systemic nitric oxide‐independent mechanism
Authors: Xiao Changting , Stahel Priska , Morgantini Cecilia , Nahmias Avital , Dash Satya , Lewis Gary F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo test the hypothesis that gut hormone glucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2) mobilizes intestinal triglyceride (TG) stores and stimulates chylomicron secretion by a nitric oxide (NO)‐dependent mechanism in humans.MethodsIn a randomized, single‐blind, cross‐over study, 10 healthy male volunteers ingested a high‐fat formula followed, 7 hours later, by one of three treatments: NO synthase inhibitor L‐NG‐monomethyl arginine acetate (L‐NMMA) + GLP‐2 analogue teduglutide, normal saline + teduglutide, or L‐NMMA + placebo. TG in plasma and lipoprotein fractions were measured, along with measurement of blood flow in superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries using Doppler ultrasound in six participants.ResultsTeduglutide rapidly increased mesenteric blood flow and TG concentrations in plasma, in TG‐rich lipoproteins, and most robustly in chylomicrons. L‐NMMA significantly attenuated teduglutide‐induced enhancement of mesenteric blood flow but not TG mobilization and chylomicron secretion.ConclusionsGLP‐2 mobilization of TG stores and stimulation of chylomicron secretion from the small intestine appears to be independent of systemic NO in humans.