bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychometric properties and temporal dynamics of subjective stress, retrospectively assessed by different informants and questionnaires, and hair cortisol concentrations
Authors: Weckesser Lisa J. , Dietz Friedericke , Schmidt Kornelius , Grass Juliane , Kirschbaum Clemens , Miller Robert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo date, there is only scarce evidence for a considerable association of subjective and objective stress measures, which might be attributable to method bias (e.g., confounding) and/or asynchrony of their temporal changes. To validate different subjective stress measures by a physiological measure of long-term stress (hair cortisol concentrations; HCC), 37 heterosexual couples (N = 74) completed a 12-week internet-based assessment protocol comprised of a weekly hassle scale (WHS; once per week), a perceived stress scale (PSS; once per month), and a chronic stress scale (TICS; once after three months). Partners provided vicarious stress ratings. When averaged across time, self-reported WHS significantly predicted HCC (r = 0.27), whereas the PSS and TICS did not (r < 0.22). Dynamic factor analysis (i.e., state-space modelling) confirmed that WHS was the most valid indicator of subjective stress, explaining up to 16% of the variance in HCC (r = 0.37) with a time lag of ~4 weeks. This temporally delayed effect of subjective stress is consistent with the presumed retrospective character of HCC, but also suggests that the majority of variance in hair cortisol is attributable to other causes than subjective stress such as individual disposition to display increased adrenocortical activity.
In Vivo Response of Acellular Porcine Pericardial for Tissue Engineered Transcatheter Aortic Valves
Authors: Khorramirouz Reza , Go Jason L. , Noble Christopher , Morse David , Lerman Amir , Young Melissa D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCurrent heart valve prostheses have limitations that include durability, inability to grow in pediatric patients, and lifelong anticoagulation. Transcatheter aortic valve replacements are minimally invasive procedures, and therefore have emerged as an alternative to traditional valve prostheses. In this experiment, the regenerative capacity of potential tissue engineered transcatheter valve scaffolds (1) acellular porcine pericardium and (2) mesenchymal stem cell-seeded acellular porcine pericardium were compared to native porcine aortic valve cusps in a rat subcutaneous model for up to 8 weeks. Immunohistochemistry, extracellular matrix evaluation, and tissue biomechanics were evaluated on the explanted tissue. Acellular valve scaffolds expressed CD163, CD31, alpha smooth muscle actin, and vimentin at each time point indicating host cell recellularization; however, MSC-seeded tissue showed greater recellularization. Inflammatory cells were observed with CD3 biomarker in native porcine pericardial tissue throughout the study. No inflammation was observed in either acellular or MSC-seeded scaffolds. There was no mechanical advantage observed in MSC-seeded tissue; however after the first week post-explant, there was a decrease in mechanical properties in all groups (p < 0.05). MSC-seeded and acellular porcine pericardium expressed decreased inflammatory response and better host-cell recellularization compared to the native porcine aortic valve cusps.
Genetic regulatory mechanisms in human osteoclasts suggest a role for the STMP1 and DCSTAMP genes in Paget’s disease of bone
Authors: Mullin Benjamin H. , Zhu Kun , Brown Suzanne J. , Mullin Shelby , Tickner Jennifer , Pavlos Nathan J. , Dudbridge Frank , Xu Jiake , Walsh John P. , Wilson Scott G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPaget’s disease of bone (PDB) is characterised by focal abnormalities of bone remodelling, with increased osteoclastic resorption the primary feature of the disease. Genetic factors have been shown to play an important role in PDB, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 7 genetic loci as associated with PDB at the genome-wide level. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies using cell types that are directly relevant to the disease of interest are increasingly being used to identify putative effector genes for GWAS loci. We have recently constructed a unique osteoclast-specific eQTL resource using cells differentiated in vitro from 158 subjects for study of the genetics of bone disease. Considering the major role osteoclasts have in PDB, we used this resource to investigate potential genetic regulatory effects for the 7 PDB genome-wide significant loci on genes located within 500 kb of each locus. After correction for multiple testing, we observed statistically significant associations for rs4294134 with expression of the gene STMP1, and rs2458413 with expression of the genes DPYS and DCSTAMP. The eQTL associations observed for rs4294134 with STMP1, and rs2458413 with DCSTAMP were further supported by eQTL data from other tissue types. The product of the STMP1 gene has not been extensively studied, however the DCSTAMP gene has an established role in osteoclast differentiation and the associations seen between rs2458413 and PDB are likely mediated through regulatory effects on this gene. This study highlights the value of eQTL data in determining which genes are relevant to GWAS loci.
PES1 promotes the occurrence and development of papillary thyroid cancer by upregulating the ERα/ERβ protein ratio
Authors: Qiu Yi-Bo , Liao Ling-Yao , Jiang Rong , Xu Man , Xu Lin-Wan , Chen George G. , Liu Zhi-Min 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPES1, a BRCT domain-containing protein, has been shown to play a role in modulating the balance and ratio between ERα and ERβ protein, which is involved in the occurrence and development of breast and ovarian cancer. However, its role in connection with the balance and ratio between ERα and ERβ protein in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains unclear. Here, we found that ERα and ERβ were co-expressed in human PTC tissues and cells. ERα promoted and ERβ inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of PTC cells. PES1 modulated the balance between ERα and ERβ by elevating the ERα protein level and simultaneously reducing the ERβ protein level, then upregulating the ERα/ERβ protein ratio and promoting the proliferation, invasion and migration of PTC cells. In PTC tissues, PES1 protein level was positively correlated with the ERα protein level and negatively correlated with the ERβ protein level. The PES1 and ERα protein levels were gradually increased and the ERβ protein level was decreased by degree in the occurrence and development of PTC. Increased PES1 and ERα protein levels and decreased ERβ protein level were correlated with the aggressive behaviors of PTC patients such as large tumor size, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), high BRAFV600E expression and high TNM stage. It is suggested that PES1 promotes the occurrence and development of PTC by elevating the ERα protein level and reducing the ERβ protein level, and then upregulating the ERα/ERβ protein ratio.
Positive interactions may decrease cooperation in social dilemma experiments
Authors: Wardil Lucas , Silva Ivair R. , da Silva Jafferson K. L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA social dilemma appears in the public goods problem, where the individual has to decide whether to contribute to a common resource. The total contributions to the common pool are increased by a synergy factor and evenly split among the members. The ideal outcome occurs if everyone contributes the maximum amount. However, regardless of what the others do, each individual is better off by contributing nothing. Yet, cooperation is largely observed in human society. Many mechanisms have been shown to promote cooperation in humans, alleviating, or even resolving, the social dilemma. One class of mechanisms that is under-explored is the spillover of experiences obtained from different environments. There is some evidence that positive experiences promote cooperative behaviour. Here, we address the question of how experiencing positive cooperative interactions – obtained in an environment where cooperation yields high returns – affects the level of cooperation in social dilemma interactions. In a laboratory experiment, participants played repeated public goods games (PGGs) with rounds alternating between positive interactions and social dilemma interactions. We show that, instead of promoting pro-social behaviour, the presence of positive interactions lowered the level of cooperation in the social dilemma interactions. Our analysis suggests that the high return obtained in the positive interactions sets a reference point that accentuates participants’ perceptions that contributing in social dilemma interactions is a bad investment.
A feasibility study for predicting optimal radiation therapy dose distributions of prostate cancer patients from patient anatomy using deep learning
Authors: Nguyen Dan , Long Troy , Jia Xun , Lu Weiguo , Gu Xuejun , Iqbal Zohaib , Jiang Steve 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith the advancement of treatment modalities in radiation therapy for cancer patients, outcomes have improved, but at the cost of increased treatment plan complexity and planning time. The accurate prediction of dose distributions would alleviate this issue by guiding clinical plan optimization to save time and maintain high quality plans. We have modified a convolutional deep network model, U-net (originally designed for segmentation purposes), for predicting dose from patient image contours of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OAR). We show that, as an example, we are able to accurately predict the dose of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer patients, where the average Dice similarity coefficient is 0.91 when comparing the predicted vs. true isodose volumes between 0% and 100% of the prescription dose. The average value of the absolute differences in [max, mean] dose is found to be under 5% of the prescription dose, specifically for each structure is [1.80%, 1.03%](PTV), [1.94%, 4.22%](Bladder), [1.80%, 0.48%](Body), [3.87%, 1.79%](L Femoral Head), [5.07%, 2.55%](R Femoral Head), and [1.26%, 1.62%](Rectum) of the prescription dose. We thus managed to map a desired radiation dose distribution from a patient’s PTV and OAR contours. As an additional advantage, relatively little data was used in the techniques and models described in this paper.
Mapping the Surface Microbiome and Metabolome of Brown Seaweed Fucus vesiculosus by Amplicon Sequencing, Integrated Metabolomics and Imaging Techniques
Authors: Parrot Delphine , Blümel Martina , Utermann Caroline , Chianese Giuseppina , Krause Stefan , Kovalev Alexander , Gorb Stanislav N. , Tasdemir Deniz 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe brown algaFucus vesiculosusis a keystone marine species, which is subject to heavy surface colonisation. This study was designed to analyse the surface epibiome ofF.vesiculosusin conjunction with the composition and spatial distribution of its surface metabolome. The amplicon sequencing, SEM and CARD-FISH imaging studies showed Alphaproteobacteria to predominate the epibiotic bacteria. Fungi of the class Eurotiomycetes were visualised for the first time on an algal surface. An untargeted metabolomics approach using molecular networks,in silicoprediction and manual dereplication showed the differential metabolome of the surface and the whole tissue extracts. In total, 50 compounds were putatively dereplicated by UPLC-MS/MS, 37 of which were previously reported from both seaweeds and microorganisms. Untargeted spatial metabolomics by DESI-Imaging MS identified the specific localisation and distribution of various primary and secondary metabolites on surface imprints and in algal cross sections. The UPLC-MS, DESI-IMS and NMR analyses failed to confirm the presence of any surface-associated metabolite, except for mannitol, which were previously reported fromF.vesiculosus. This is the first study analysing the seaweed surface microbiome in conjunction with untargeted surface metabolomics and spatial metabolomics approaches.
Clostridium perfringens α-toxin impairs granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor-mediated granulocyte production while triggering septic shock
Authors: Takehara Masaya , Seike Soshi , Sonobe Yuuta , Bandou Hiroto , Yokoyama Saki , Takagishi Teruhisa , Miyamoto Kazuaki , Kobayashi Keiko , Nagahama Masahiro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDuring bacterial infection, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is produced and accelerates neutrophil production from their progenitors. This process, termed granulopoiesis, strengthens host defense, butClostridium perfringensα-toxin impairs granulopoiesis via an unknown mechanism. Here, we tested whether G-CSF accounts for the α-toxin-mediated impairment of granulopoiesis. We find that α-toxin dramatically accelerates G-CSF production from endothelial cells in response to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Meanwhile, α-toxin inhibits G-CSF-mediated cell proliferation of Ly-6G+neutrophils by inducing degradation of G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR). During sepsis, administration of α-toxin promotes lethality and tissue injury accompanied by accelerated production of inflammatory cytokines in a TLR4-dependent manner. Together, our results illustrate that α-toxin disturbs G-CSF-mediated granulopoiesis by reducing the expression of G-CSFR on neutrophils while augmenting septic shock due to excess inflammatory cytokine release, which provides a new mechanism to explain how pathogenic bacteria modulate the host immune system.
Kinetics of competitive Cd2+ binding pathways: the realistic structure of intrinsically disordered, partially metallated metallothioneins
Authors: Wong Daisy L , Korkola Natalie C , Stillman Martin J 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The 20-cysteine mammalian metallothioneins are considered to be central to the homeostatic control of the essential metals Zn(ii) and Cu(i) and, as part of their metal-loaded status, play a role in reversing oxidative stress. Native apo-MT does not adopt a well-known structural motif, being described as a random-coil or intrinsically-disordered. Conclusions reached from a combination of ESI-mass spectral charge states, As(iii) metallation of apo-MT at low pH, from molecular dynamic calculations and from metallation of the α-domain fragment, suggest that in fact the native apo-MT adopts a structure that is highly efficient towards metallation at physiological pH. The results in this paper show that the initial (M &lt; 5) Cd(ii) metallation at physiological pH takes place to form structures based on isolated Cd(SCYS)4 units, beads. At pH 5, cysteine bridged Cd4(SCYS)11 clusters form. ESI-mass spectral profile of cysteine modification of apo-MT at physiological pH shows that it is folded, whereas in the presence of 3 M guandinium hydrochloride the apo-MT is unfolded. Stopped flow kinetic studies of the Cd(ii) metallation shows that the reaction is much slower for the unfolded vs. the folded apo-MT for formation of either beads or clusters. Metallation is also much slower for the formation of clusters than the formation of beads. These results are first to quantify the presence of structure in native apo-MT in terms of the critical metallation properties. The implications of this study suggest that oxidation of apo-MT due to ageing or other agent will negatively impact the metallation process for essential metals.
Transition metal transporters in rhizobia: tuning the inorganic micronutrient requirements to different living styles
Authors: Abreu Isidro , Mihelj Paula , Raimunda Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA group of bacteria known as rhizobia are key players in symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in partnership with legumes. After a molecular exchange, the bacteria end surrounded by a plant membrane forming symbiosomes, organelle-like structures, where they differentiate to bacteroids and fix nitrogen. This symbiotic process is highly dependent on dynamic nutrient exchanges between the partners. Among these are transition metals (TM) participating as inorganic and organic cofactors of fundamental enzymes. While the understanding of how plant transporters facilitate TMs to the very near environment of the bacteroid is expanding, our knowledge on how bacteroid transporters integrate to TM homeostasis mechanisms in the plant host is still limited. This is significantly relevant considering the low solubility and scarcity of TMs in soils, and the in crescendo gradient of TM bioavailability rhizobia faces during the infection and bacteroid differentiation processes. In the present work, we review the main metal transporter families found in rhizobia, their role in free-living conditions and, when known, in symbiosis. We focus on discussing those transporters which could play a significant role in TM-dependent biochemical and physiological processes in the bacteroid, thus paving the way towards an optimized SNF.
Specific and rapid identification of the Pheretima aspergillum by loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Huang Qing , Li Zhiwu , Ma Zhiguo , Li He , Mao Runqian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Guang-dilong (Pheretima aspergillum) is a traditional Chinese animal medicine that has been used for thousands of years in China. In the present study, we purposed to establish a new rapid identification method for Guang-dilong. We provided a useful technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to differentiate Guang-dilong from other species. Four specific LAMP primers were designed based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequences of Guang-dilong. LAMP reaction, containing DNA template, four primers, 10× Bst DNA polymerase reaction buffer, dNTPs, MgSO4, and Bst DNA polymerase, was completed within 60 min at 63°C. The LAMP product can be visualized by adding SYBR Green I or detected by 2% gel electrophoresis. LAMP technology was successfully established for rapid identification of Guang-dilong. In addition, DNA template concentration of 675 fg/μl was the detection limit of LAMP in Guang-dilong, which was 1000-times higher than conventional PCR. The simple, sensitive, and convenient LAMP technique is really suited for on-site identification of Guang-dilong in herbal markets.
Congruence in Research Question, Design, and Analysis: A Tutorial on the Measurement of Change in Clinical Speech and Language Research
Authors: Skoczylas Melissa J. 
Published: January 2019

PurposeMeasuring change is a common goal in clinical research, and comparing nonequivalent groups is sometimes a necessity in this context. Yet, evaluating change in this way can be problematic, and little consensus is reported on the best way to conduct such an evaluation. This tutorial presents the process of planning a clinical study designed to measure change in the context of a therapeutic intervention.MethodThis article presents a hypothetical clinical research scenario and follows the process of study design from question formulation to interpretation of results. The presentation focuses on the use of gain score analysis in the context of nonequivalent participant groups, methods that may be particularly relevant to the clinical context. Conditions that are favorable to gain score use, as well as situations that are problematic for gain score use, are presented.ConclusionsIn this article, the clinical research process is presented, following a logical process from formulation of a clear research question to selection of an appropriate research design to implementation of an effective analysis method. Gain score analysis is presented as an effective tool to measure change in clinical research, even with nonequivalent groups, given the correct conditions.
Frequency mode identification using modified masking signal‐based empirical mode decomposition
Authors: Ray Papia , Lenka Rajesh Kumar , Biswal Monalisa 
Published: January 2019

A modified masking empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for effectively improving the mode separation capability of standard EMD while analysing power system signals with closely spaced modes of frequency is proposed here. A multi‐frequency test signal resembling the dynamic power system signal and the actual data recorded by wide area measurement systems (WAMS) from Northern Grid, India, on 1 June 2010 due to generation loss are analysed by both the existing method and the proposed method. Various components of modal frequency extracted by masking signal base EMD are compared with extracted components by the proposed modified masking EMD. Further, the time–frequency representation of extracted modes by Hilbert spectral analysis is implemented to know mode behaviour with time reference. Simulation results prove that the EMD with proposed modification is capable of separating various modes of frequencies present in the WAMS signal.
ZVS/ZCS Vienna rectifier topology for high power applications
Authors: Ali Abdar , Mansoor Khan Muhammad , Yuning Jiang , Ali Yaqoob , Faiz Muhammad Talib , Chuanwen Jiang 
Published: January 2019

This paper focuses on the study of a soft‐switched unidirectional boost‐type rectifier employing a snubber circuit, used as a front‐end converter stage in high‐power applications. The proposed rectifier operates with soft switching which results in high efficiency and low cost. The switching losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI) result in poor efficiency, therefore, soft switching techniques need to be developed to improve the efficiency. To achieve the desired result, the snubber circuit which consists of a lossless snubber switch cell and a resonant inductor, is introduced in the above‐mentioned converter. The topology of the proposed converter is derived from the conventional T‐type three‐level boost rectifier. The circuit operation, theoretical analysis, and simulation of the converter in MATLAB/Simulink environment are carried out. Finally, a 10 kW laboratory set‐up of the proposed soft‐switched unidirectional rectifier is built. The experimental results obtained validate the theoretical analysis of the circuit.
Hyperkaliämie – Ursachen, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Kettritz Ralph 
Published: January 2019

Was ist neu?
Bedeutung und Pathogenese Kalium spielt eine tragende Rolle bei Entstehung von Transmembranpotenzialen. Störungen des Kaliumhaushaltes können zu schweren Krankheitsbildern führen. Patienten mit Niereninsuffizienz sind besonders häufig betroffen. Kalium-Verschiebungen zwischen IZR- und EZR sowie eine verminderte renale Kaliumausscheidung aufgrund verminderter glomerulärer Filtrationsrate und/oder reduzierter Kaliumsekretion im distalen Nephron sind häufige Hyperkaliämie-Ursachen.
Diagnostik Eine Hyperkaliämie sollte mit einer sofortigen Kontrolle in der BGA-Maschine kontrolliert werden. Man erhält zusätzliche Information über eine begleitende Säure-Basen-Haushalt-Störung.
Therapie Hämodialyse ist das effektivste Nierenersatzverfahren zur Kaliumsenkung. Die medikamentösen Maßnahmen sollten bis zum Dialysebeginn allerdings nicht vergessen werden. Insulin senkt Kalium zuverlässig. Beta-Agonisten sind effektive Kaliumsenker, aber für Patienten mit hohem kardiovaskulärem Risiko nicht immer geeignet. Bikarbonat kann bei ausgeprägten metabolischen Azidosen (HCO3 < 10 mmol/l) verabreicht werden. Bei Hyperkaliämie wird in Deutschland am häufigsten Polystyrensulfonat verabreicht. Neue orale nicht-resorbierbare Kaliumsenker werden aktuell in klinischen Studien erprobt und zeigen bislang vielversprechende Resultate.