bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of mosquito repellant gel formulations from various natural volatile oils: comparative study with the marketed formulation odomos®
Authors: Shivhare Ruchi S. , Kamble Manish A. , Mahapatra Debarshi Kar , Ingole Ashwini R. , Baheti Jagdish R. 
Published: January 2019

DEET based mosquito repellents were found to be comparatively harmful to the person suffering from urea cycle disorders such as ornithine transcarbamylase (OTD) deficiency and, are therefore, contraindicated in individuals. These situations lead to the budding necessity of natural mosquito repellents which will have inexpensive, effectual, non-toxic, environment-friendly, and biodegradable attributes. Inspired from the upcoming global need, a carbopol 940 based mosquito repellant gel formulation was prepared from the essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus, Murraya Koenigii, Cymbopogon citratus, Tridax procumbens, Eucalyptus globules, and Azadirachta indica, and further evaluating them for their appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, swelling index, and accelerated studies. The mosquito repellent potential was evaluated and simultaneously compared with the positive control (Odomos®). In several developing nations, where the majority of the people do not have access to mosquito net, high-cost mosquito repellant creams, and miscellaneous physical methods, this gel formulation may be an effective, inexpensive, and easily accessible way to prevent mosquito-borne diseases, like malaria, dengue, etc. in the lower sections of the society.
Keywords: Mosquito, Repellent, Malaria, Gel, Formulation, DEET.
Formulation Development to Enhance the Solubility of Metoclopramide Base Drug by Solid Dispersion and Evaluation of Transdermal Film
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Goutam , Mukhopadhyay Rahul , Mukhopadhyay Ankita , Kundu Shymodip , Shreya Banerjee , Manna Debasmita , Sarkar Argha , Nazar Tarique , Sarkar Srotoswini , Bala Sauris 
Published: January 2019

Aims & Objectives: The present work deals with the modification of controlled release dosage form of poorly water soluble drug (Metoclopramide hydrochloride) in order to improve the bioavailability and to control drug release for a longer period of time by the aid of solid dispersion.
Methods: Various binary combination of MET-solid dispersion was prepared with different carriers such as HPβCD, PVP K30 and PLX-188 by solvent evaporation technique and then the aqueous solubility, dissolution study and phase solubility study was performed. DSC analysis is performed to carry out for metoclopramide loaded solid dispersion, physical mixture & also for pure drug to analyze the crystalline and amorphous nature of compounds.
Results and Discussion: The saturation solubility of Metoclopramide with various carriers at different pH was performed and found that in pH 5.5 (solubility is 5553.2µg/ml), pH 6.8 (3363.3µ/ml), pH 7.4 (1367.3µg/ml) at 37oC. In dissolution study of solid dispersion (5:1) of different carriers in DDW, the Cumulative % dissolution is found in the order of PVP K30>PLX-Met>HPβCD-Met & in pH 7.4, in the order of PLX-Met>PVP K30>HPβCD-Met. DSC thermogram of Metoclopramide base showed a sharp endothermic peak at its melting point (147oC) which exhibits in crystalline form complying with that of Metoclopramide hydrochloride form, melting point was found to be 850C. In the ex-vivo study of several transdermal patches, patch C [SD of MET: HPβCD (1:5)] showed the controlled release and permeation of drug.
Conclusion: Poor solubility of new chemical entities being a well known problem for past few decades despite the imbalance between significant research efforts & few successful marketed formulations, the solid dispersion proves to hold a key position among all the various formulation strategies to enhance the aqueous solubility & dissolution rate and thereby the bioavailability of poorly aqueous solubility of drug.
Keywords: Bioavailability,DSC, Metoclopramide hydrochloride, solid dispersion, HPβCD,
Unani Perspective and New Researches of Sa’ad ku’fi (Cyperus rotundus): A Review
Authors: Abbasi Hana , Kabir Hifzul 
Published: January 2019

Cyperus rotundus L. (cyperaceae) is an important medicinal plant which is used in traditional medicine particularly in Unani system of medicine. It is commonly known as motha which is a lawn grass and grows easily in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Major Chemical constituents enclosed with this herb are flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, furochromones, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sitosterol, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, essential oils, starch, carbohydrates, protein, separated amino acids and many other secondary metabolites. Different parts of cyperus rotundus have been reported to possess multiple pharmacological actions like antibacterial, anticancerous, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, antimalarial, antimutagenic, antiobesity, antioxidant, anti-uropathogenic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and nootropic agent.
Keywords: Unani, sa’ad, flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, antibacterial, antilipidemic.
A comprehensive review on pharmaceutical mini tablets
Authors: Priyanka Priyanka , Kumar Kapil , Teotia Deepak 
Published: January 2019

Mini-tablets represent a new trend in solid dosage form design, with the main goal of overcoming some therapeutic obstacles. Mini tablets are multiple unit dosage forms and are advantageous than pellets or any other oral dosage forms as they are easy to manufacture and stability problems are less. Offering some therapeutic benefits such as dose flexibility and combined release patterns. They do not require any solvent for their production and also local irritation can be avoided by the use of mini tablet Mini tablet offer several advantages like they can be manufactured relatively easily, They are not require less coating materials and also there is a great flexibility during their formulation development. Mini tablet are more acceptable in children and elderly people as they are easy to swallow. The objective of controlled drug delivery systems is to reduce the frequency of the dosing and to increase the effectiveness of the drug by localization.
Keywords: Mini-tablets, solid dosage form, oral dosage forms.
REFLECTÂNCIA DA VEGETAÇÃO EM IMAGEM HIPERESPECTRAL
Authors: Souza Elizabeth Mª Feitosa da Rocha de 
Published: January 2019

O conhecimento sobre o uso do solo e o estado atual da cobertura vegetal representam importantes etapas para a compreensão da dinâmica espacial em áreas com crescente supressão da vegetação e pressão antrópica. Nesse sentido, o interesse sobre padrões e processos que acarretam mudanças ambientais vem recebendo grande apoio das tradicionais geotecnologias para fins de monitoramente, manejo e planejamento ambiental. Seguindo essa tendÊncia, o presente estudo utiliza produtos oriundos de geotecnologia hiperespectral para identificar novas metodologias de análise da paisagem, nas áreas com remanescentes de vegetação de Mata Atlântica. O objetivo do projeto é explorar uma tecnologia ainda pouco conhecida entre os especialistas em geociências, especialmente a Geografia, com a finalidade de identificar os estágios sucessionais da vegetação, considerando diferentes respostas espectrais da cobertura vegetal, em um trecho com disponibilidade de imagens hiperespectrais, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
CONDIÇÃO FINANCEIRA ATRAVÉS DE INDICADORES BASEADOS EM ATIVOS E PASSIVOS ATUARIAS: UMA ANÁLISE NO INSTITUTO DE PREVIDÊNCIA DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Fagundes Fábio Marsicano , Cruz Vera Lúcia , Dos Santos Ramon Rodrigues 
Published: January 2019

O estudo objetivou evidenciar a situação financeira e atuarial da Paraíba Previdência (PBPREV) através dos indicadores propostos por Lima e Diniz (2016). Para isto, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental, no qual, foram coletadas as informações dos balanços financeiros e patrimoniais, além de outras demonstrações do ente PBPREV no período de 2013 a 2016, e, na sequência, foram aplicados os índices propostos pelos autores. Com base nas análises realizadas, foi evidenciado que a situação atuarial do PBPREV apresenta-se com uma tendência para o déficit, já a financeira, está equilibrada, em virtude dos recursos provenientes das transferências governamentais, além das que são previstas nos cálculos atuariais, no entanto, em todo o período analisado, encontra-se no limite. O estudo concluiu que o PBPREV não possui uma condição financeira e atuarial satisfatória que possa garantir a continuidade das atividades do instituto no médio prazo, o que pode comprometer a solvência do ente. O estudo sugeri a realização de medidas corretivas que busquem garantir seu equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial, cujos procedimentos podem ajudar a corrigir alguns problemas que possam está comprometendo a saúde financeira e atuarial da PBPREV.
Mendeteksi Kerentanan Keamanan Aplikasi Website Menggunakan Metode Owasp (Open Web Application Security Project) Untuk Penilaian Risk Rating
Authors: Ghozali Bahrun , Kusrini Kusrini , Sudarmawan Sudarmawan 
Published: January 2019

Mendeteksi kerentanan keamanan aplikasi berbasis website adalah hal yang penting, dan dapat memperkirakan resiko yang ada terhadap keberlangsungan suatu bisnis. Terjadinya transisi bisnis tradisional ke dalam lingkup aplikasi berbasis website dimanfaatkan oleh beberapa pelaku kejahatan dunia maya dengan tujuan mencuri informasi rahasia pengguna demi keuntungan pribadi. Walaupun para developer sudah mencari permasalahan keamanan dengan menggunakan code review atau uji penetrasi. Terkadang masalah tidak akan ditemukan hingga aplikasi sudah masuk tahap produksi bahkan hingga aplikasi sudah diretas. Penelitian ini akan menerapkan mekanisme metode asesmen resiko pada sistem informasi harga komoditas utama yang dibangun oleh PT.Gitsolution. Dimana sistem tersebut merupakan informasi harga pokok untuk kehidupan sehari-hari yang dikelola oleh salah satu instansi pemerintah yang ada di Indonesia. Untuk mengetahui tingkat resiko pada sistem informasi harga komoditas utama menggunakan metode Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Risk Rating untuk mendeteksi kerentanan keamanan pada aplikasi berbasis website. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tingkat resiko pada aplikasi berbasis website.Kata kunci— Vulnerability – OWASP, Risk Rating, Security Assessment.
ANALISA POROS ALAT UJI KEAUSAN UNTUK SISTEM KONTAK TWO-DISC DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA
Authors: Saputro Anang Hadi , Hidayat Taufiq , - Qomaruddin 
Published: January 2019

Poros uji spesimen menggunakan bahan ST60. Pada poros uji spesimen ini mendapatkan momen torsi dan tekanan pada saat dilakukan pengujian yang memungkinkan terjadinya kegagalan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa kekuatan pada poros spesimen uji pada alat uji keausan untuk sistem kontak two-disc dengan memvariasikan putaran (500 Rpm, 1000 Rpm, 1500 Rpm) dan beban dari pneumatik (30N, 40N, 50N). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode elemen hingga yang dimana dilakukan perhitungan tegangan Von Misses Stress secara teotitis kemudian dilakukan simulasi menggunakan software Autodesk Inventor 2015 dengan variabel beban sebesar 30 N, 40N, dan 50N. Serta menggunakan variabel putaran sebesar 500 Rpm, 1000 Rpm, dan 1500 Rpm. Poros spesimen uji dinyatakan aman dikarenakan nilai dari Von Misses Stress yang terjadi pada poros uji spesimen lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan nilai yield strength per safety factor poros tersebut.
Cambio climático y populismos en américa latina: un análisis comparativo de los posicionamientos de argentina, ecuador, chile y brasil en el camino al acuerdo de parís de 2015
Authors: Torres Jorge Foa 
Published: January 2019

Frente a diversas críticas a lo populista que suelen pronunciarse desde el campo ambiental, este trabajo presenta un análisis comparativo de los posicionamientos Argentina, Ecuador, Chile y Brasil en las recientes negociaciones internacionales desde la Conferencia de las Partes de Copenhague hasta el Acuerdo de París de 2015.
El artículo se ordena en función de las siguientes preguntas de investigación: ¿de qué manera las prácticas discursivas enunciadas en los foros internacionales relativos a cambio climático por Argentina, Ecuador, Chile y Brasil significan a los problemas ambientales globales, sus posibles soluciones y al rol de los Estados Latinoamericanos en tales procesos? ¿Cuáles diferencias y similitudes entre los posicionamientos discursivos de esos Estados es posible identificar? ¿De qué manera tales posicionamientos y coaliciones se vinculan a los procesos populistas latinoamericanos recientes?
La conclusión principal es que los procesos populistas tienden a tomar posicionamientos más radicalizados o antagónicos en cuanto al reclamo a los países desarrollados por la asunción de sus responsabilidades históricas en la generación del calentamiento global. Mientras los procesos no populistas tienden a hacer mayor énfasis en posturas pragmáticas facilitadoras del logro de acuerdos internacionales.
Impact of Low Resolution on Image Recognition with Deep Neural Networks: An Experimental Study
Authors: Koziarski Michał , Cyganek Bogusław 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Due to the advances made in recent years, methods based on deep neural networks have been able to achieve a state-of-the-art performance in various computer vision problems. In some tasks, such as image recognition, neural-based approaches have even been able to surpass human performance. However, the benchmarks on which neural networks achieve these impressive results usually consist of fairly high quality data. On the other hand, in practical applications we are often faced with images of low quality, affected by factors such as low resolution, presence of noise or a small dynamic range. It is unclear how resilient deep neural networks are to the presence of such factors. In this paper we experimentally evaluate the impact of low resolution on the classification accuracy of several notable neural architectures of recent years. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of improving neural networks’ performance in the task of low resolution image recognition by applying super-resolution prior to classification. The results of our experiments indicate that contemporary neural architectures remain significantly affected by low image resolution. By applying super-resolution prior to classification we were able to alleviate this issue to a large extent as long as the resolution of the images did not decrease too severely. However, in the case of very low resolution images the classification accuracy remained considerably affected.
Professional Development on a Sustainable Shoestring: Propagating Place-Based Art Education in Fertile Soil
Authors: Bertling Joy , Rearden Kristin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Research on the impact of place-based education (PBE), in which educational experiences are situated in the local environment (Smith, 2002), consistently suggests academic, social, and affective benefits across demographics. Traditionally, professional development supporting PBE has been designed to support large-scale initiatives. In this study, a bottom-up approach for expanding the reach of place-based art education (PBAE) was implemented with teachers (n=11) from a school district in the southeastern United States through two sequential professional development workshops. We examined the extent to which this minimal intervention impacted teachers’ understanding, buy-in, and creation of PBAE curricula. Results suggest that this organic approach, with teachers positioned as agents of change, can build upon pre-existing teacher interest and equip teachers to expand PBAE into their teaching contexts.
Sustaining School Based Religious Education Leadership
Authors: Buchanan Michael T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The number of people applying for school based religious education leadership positions is scarce in most regions throughout Australia as well as other geographical regions. Drawing on the insights from key stakeholders associated with religious education leadership in schools this qualitative study aimed to identify factors which militated against sustaining school based religious education leadership. This paper reports on the findings emanating from the study and proceeds to outline practical solutions that may contribute to attracting and sustaining future generations of religious education leaders. The key factors impacting on the sustainability of religious education leaders include feelings of disconnection, excessive demands associated with the role and a lack of structural support. Practical recommendations are outlined to contribute to sustaining school based religious education leadership. The recommendations include a review of teacher appraisal processes, equity in terms of industrial conditions and the inclusion of middle leadership positions that support the leader.
Impact of Reading Frequencies and Attitudes on Early Childhood Teachers’š Teaching Efficacy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Kotaman Hüseyin , Balcι Aslι , Kιlιç Aydιn Zeynep Nur 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of early childhood teachers’ reading attitudes, the total number of the books they have read about their profession, the total number of the books they have read on general topics, and their teaching experience on their teaching efficacy. Participants consist of 362 early childhood teachers from 51 different cities in Turkey. Of the 362 participants, 333 are female (91%) and 29 are male (9%). The ages of the teachers range from 21 to 50, with a mean age of 27.47. The participants responded to a personal questionnaire; Early Childhood Teachers’ Teacher Efficacy Scale (ECTTES) and Reading Attitude Scale (RAS). Stepwise regression analyses for subtests CM, SE, PI, P and for total teaching efficacy indicate that reading attitude and teaching experience are significant predictors. For subtest C, reading attitude and age appear as significant predictors. For subtest IS, only reading attitude appears as a significant predictor. Accordingly, in order to improve early childhood teachers’ reading attitudes, book clubs and peer reading groups are recommended.
From Family to Domestic and Global Labour? A Decade of Proletarisation of Labour in the Norwegian Horticulture Industry
Authors: Rye Johan Fredrik , Slettebak Marie Holm , Bjørkhaug Hilde 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper analyses the profound structural transformations that took place in Norway's horticulture industry between 1999 and 2010. The aggregate industrial outputs from the industry remained stable in this period. However, the number of horticulture farms dropped by 40.5% and the remaining farms became accordingly larger. We analyse how this development was related to changing labour strategies on Norwegian farms during this period, in part affected by labour market deregulation following the EU enlargements in 2004 and 2007. The analysis utilises Agricultural Census data covering the full population of horticulture farms in Norway in 1999 (N=5,105) and all farms in the country in 2010 (N=46,624, of which 3036 now were horticulture farms). Results suggest that the enhanced availability of inexpensive and flexible global labour is strongly associated with a stepwise proletarisation of Norwegian horticulture. Family labour is being systematically replaced by wage labour and domestic workers are being replaced by lowwage migrant workers.
Status Quo and Potential of Remigration Among Transylvanian Saxons to Rural Romania
Authors: Kordel Stefan , Lutsch Stefanie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Return migration recently became of scientific interest on an intra-European scale. As remigrants bring along various forms of capital, this form of migration is frequently considered as an opportunity to revitalize rural communities. Since Romania entered the EU in 2007, a certain number of Transylvanian Saxons, i.e., ethnic Germans, who emigrated to Germany in the 1980s and 1990s, temporarily or permanently returned to rural Romania. By means of qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey among returnees and potential re-emigrants, this study provides empirical insights to the status quo and the potential of this phenomenon. A particular emphasis is given to their everyday practices and implications on the Transylvanian community, mostly aiming at preservation of the cultural heritage.
Metabolic Profile Comparison between Follicular Fluid and Serum in Normal Cows and Those Affected by Ovarian Cysts
Authors: Mimoune Nora , Kaidi Rachid , Benaissa Mohammed Hocine , Bahouh Mohamed Wail , Baazizi Ratiba , Azzouz Mohamed Yassine 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to carry out the metabolic profile comparison between follicular fluid and serum in normal cows and those affected by ovarian cysts (OC). After slaughtering, blood samples and follicular fluids from normal and cystic animals were collected and assayed using commercial kits to determine the concentrations of metabolites (glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, cortisol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine and insulin) and the liver enzymes activity. Data showed that OC were characterized by low levels of glucose, total protein, cholesterol and cortisol in cystic fluid, while urea concentrations were high compared to normal follicular fluid (P<0.001). On the other hand, serum assays of cystic animals revealed very low values of insulin and urea, whereas cortisol levels were relatively high in comparison with the serum of normal cows (P<0.001). Significant correlations between the serum and follicular fluid concentrations of normal cows were found for glucose (r=0.49), total cholesterol (r=0.31), cortisol (r=0.38) and total protein (r=0.63). The highest correlation was found for urea (r=0.86). On contrary, weak correlations were observed between metabolites concentrations in cystic fluid and in serum for normal and cystic cows. In conclusion, OC grow and persist in a metabolic environment, which differs from follicular fluid to blood. These changes may act together and/or separately to ensure the continuous development of OC. To understand a part of the mechanism, the authors propose a deep study about blood-follicle-barrier.
Characterization and optimization of spectrophotometric colour removal from dye containing wastewater by Coagulation-Flocculation
Authors: Obiora-Okafo I.A. , Onukwuli O.D. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The performance of Vigna unguiculata coagulant (VUC) for colour removal from acid dye was investigated in this study. The proximate, structure and morphology of the coagulant were investigated using standard official methods, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) using face-centred central composite design (FCCD) optimized four process variables including pH, coagulant dosage, dye concentration and time. The colour removal efficiency obtained from the optimization analysis was 99.26% at process conditions of pH 2, coagulant dosage 256.09 mg/l, dye concentration 16.7 mg/l and time 540 min. The verification experiments agreed with the predicted values having a standard error value of 1.96%. Overlay contour plot established optimum areas where the predicted response variable is in an acceptable range (≥ 70%) with respect to optimum conditions. The FCCD approach was appropriate for optimizing the process giving higher removal efficiency when compared to the main effect plots.