bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated serum HER‐2 predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer and is correlated to ADAM10 expression
Authors: Zheng Hui , Zhong Ailing , Xie Suhong , Wang Yanchun , Sun Jiajun , Zhang Jie , Tong Ying , Chen Miaomiao , Zhang Guihong , Ma Qian , Kai Jinyan , Guo Lin , Lu Renquan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHuman epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER‐2) overexpression in breast tumor tissues is associated with a poor prognosis but may benefit from treatment with trastuzumab. The extracellular domain (ECD) of HER‐2 can be measured in serum and which has been a new inspection item in clinical laboratory of several hospitals. However, whether serum HER‐2 ECD can be a marker of HER‐2 status in tumor tissues still confused clinicians. This study is a retrospective observation to explore the correlation between serum HER‐2 ECD shedding and tissue HER‐2 status in breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, we will further uncover the potential clinical significance of serum HER‐2 ECD detection. A total of 545 unselected breast cancer patients from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were enrolled in this study. At primary diagnosis without any treatment, serum HER‐2 ECD was measured on ADVIA Centaur assay; meanwhile, tissue HER‐2 from core needle biopsy was tested through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). We showed that serum HER‐2 ECD concentration was related to tissue HER‐2 status. Nevertheless, 36.9% of patients with tissue HER‐2 overexpression had low levels of HER‐2 ECD shedding (<15 ng/mL) in serum. Here, we demonstrated that HER‐2 ECD shedding was also associated with protein expression and alpha‐secretase activity of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) using tumor tissues and cell lines. Progression‐free survival (PFS) data from breast cancer patients in TNM phase II and III with tissue HER‐2 IHC 3+ were analyzed using Kaplan‐Meier plotter. The patients with serum HER‐2 ECD above 15 ng/mL had lower progression‐free survival than those with serum HER‐2 ECD <15 ng/mL. Thus, serum HER‐2 ECD could be a biomarker to identify the subgroup of poorer outcome among HER‐2 overexpression breast cancer patients. Inhibition of ADAM10 activity may have potential therapeutic benefit for this most aggressive tumor subgroup.
Role of promoters and catalyst supports for selective synthesis of higher alcohols over molybdenum carbides
Authors: Aslam Waqas , Beltramini Jorge , Atanda Luqman , Rashidi Masih , Konarova Muxina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of higher alcohols from syngas is a very promising avenue as syngas can be derived from renewable (biomass) and non‐renewable feedstock (coal, natural gas). To date no commercial process exists for the conversion of syngas into higher alcohols due to poor alcohols yield and selectivity. The search for selective catalysts requires fundamental insight into how to enhance active sites for the formation of alcohols. In the present work, the dispersion of K2CO3 promoted molybdenum carbides over three different supports i.e., highly acidic (ɣ‐alumina), neutral (activated carbon), and basic (magnesium oxide) has been studied. The results revealed that acid sites of ɣ‐alumina expedited the dispersion of the K2CO3 promoter over the molybdenum carbide catalyst and facilitated carbon monoxide dissociation to form C2+ alcohols. The effect of the incorporation of cobalt into the textural and catalytic properties of alumina supported K‐Mo2C was also investigated. The elemental mapping of Co into the K‐Mo2C structure showed the presence of segregated Co and Mo2C islands, but an interaction was observed at the molecular level, resulting in a different H2 temperature‐programmed desorption pattern. With the decreased availability of surface adsorbed hydrogen of the Co promoted K‐Mo2C/Al2O3, the concentration of methanol was significantly reduced and the product selectivity shifted more towards higher alcohols.
Cryptococcus neoformans Mating and Genetic Crosses
Authors: Sun Sheng , Priest Shelby J. , Heitman Joseph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Cryptococcus pathogenic species complex is a group of opportunistic human fungal pathogens that cause cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, an infection associated with unacceptably high mortality rates. The public health relevance of these pathogens has galvanized extensive research over the past several decades and led to characterization of their sexual cycles. This research has allowed several Cryptococcus species to develop into model fungal organisms for both pathogenesis and basic science studies. Many of these studies require observation of the meiotic process and its associated mating structures as well as generation of meiotic progeny with novel phenotypes and genotypes. Herein, we describe how to set up genetic crosses between Cryptococcus strains and observe their mating phenotypes as well as how to recover progeny from these crosses for further analysis. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Relationship Between Benralizumab Exposure and Efficacy for Patients With Severe Eosinophilic Asthma
Authors: Chia Yen Lin , Yan Li , Yu Binbing , Wang Bing , Barker Peter , Goldman Mitchell , Roskos Lorin 
Published: January 2019

We evaluated the relationship between benralizumab (30 mg every 4 and 8 weeks (Q4W, Q8W)) pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure and end points of asthma exacerbation rates (AERs) and change from baseline in prebronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) for patients with severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma in the SIROCCO/CALIMA phase III trials. In empirical assessment, AER ratios in SIROCCO were similar across PK quartiles. However, the lowest PK quartile in CALIMA had reduced efficacy; low CALIMA placebo AER possibly confounded this result. In population modeling, estimated benralizumab 90% effective concentration for AER reduction was 927 ng/mL, below the Q8W dosage steady‐state average PK concentration (1,066 ng/mL). Benralizumab treatment resulted in more rapid FEV1 improvement vs. placebo (estimated half‐maximum time: 7.6 vs. 18 days); this response was greater for patients with greater baseline eosinophil counts. These results confirmed 30 mg Q8W is the optimal benralizumab dosage for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma.
Demonstrating Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects Among Patients: An Overlooked but Important Step Toward Precision Medicine
Authors: Gewandter Jennifer S. , McDermott Michael P. , He Hua , Gao Shan , Cai Xueya , Farrar John T. , Katz Nathaniel P. , Markman John D. , Senn Stephen , Turk Dennis C. , Dworkin Robert H. 
Published: January 2019

Although heterogeneity in the observed outcomes in clinical trials is often assumed to reflect a true heterogeneous response, it could actually be due to random variability. This retrospective analysis of four randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multiperiod (i.e., episode) crossover trials of fentanyl for breakthrough cancer pain illustrates the use of multiperiod crossover trials to examine heterogeneity of treatment response. A mixed‐effects model, including fixed effects for treatment and episode and random effects for patient and treatment‐by‐patient interaction, was used to assess the heterogeneity in patients’ responses to treatment during each episode. A significant treatment‐by‐patient interaction was found for three of four trials (P < 0.05), suggesting heterogeneity of the effect of fentanyl among different patients in each trial. Similar analyses in other therapeutic areas could identify conditions and therapies that should be investigated further for predictors of treatment response in efforts to maximize the efficiency of developing precision medicine strategies.
Drug‐Induced Liver Injury due to Flucloxacillin: Relevance of Multiple Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles
Authors: Nicoletti Paola , Aithal Guruprasad P. , Chamberlain Thomas C. , Coulthard Sally , Alshabeeb Mohammad , Grove Jane I. , Andrade Raul J. , Bjornsson Einar , Dillon John F. , Hallberg Par , Lucena M. Isabel , Maitland‐van der Zee Anke H. , Martin Jennifer H. , Molokhia Mariam , Pirmohamed Munir , Wadelius Mia , Shen Yufeng , Nelson Matthew R. , Daly Ann K. ,   the International Drug‐Induced Liver Injury Consortium (iDILIC)
Published: January 2019

Some patients prescribed flucloxacillin (~ 0.01%) develop drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). HLA‐B*57:01 is an established genetic risk factor for flucloxacillin DILI. To consolidate this finding, identify additional genetic factors, and assess relevance of risk factors for flucloxacillin DILI in relation to DILI due to other penicillins, we performed a genomewide association study involving 197 flucloxacillin DILI cases and 6,835 controls. We imputed single‐nucleotide polymorphism and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes. HLA‐B*57:01 was the major risk factor (allelic odds ratio (OR) = 36.62; P = 2.67 × 10−97). HLA‐B*57:03 also showed an association (OR = 79.21; P = 1.2 × 10−6). Within the HLA‐B protein sequence, imputation showed valine97, common to HLA‐B*57:01 and HLA‐B*57:03, had the largest effect (OR = 38.1; P = 9.7 × 10−97). We found no HLA‐B*57 association with DILI due to other isoxazolyl penicillins (n = 6) or amoxicillin (n = 15) and no significant non‐HLA signals for any penicillin‐related DILI.
A journey on plate tectonics sheds light on European crayfish phylogeography
Authors: Pârvulescu Lucian , Pérez‐Moreno Jorge L. , Panaiotu Cristian , Drăguț Lucian , Schrimpf Anne , Popovici Ioana‐Diana , Zaharia Claudia , Weiperth András , Gál Blanka , Schubart Christoph D. , Bracken‐Grissom Heather 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCrayfish can be used as model organisms in phylogeographic and divergence time studies if reliable calibrations are available. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the phylogeography of the European stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium) and includes samples from previously unstudied sites. Two mitochondrial markers were used to reveal evolutionary relationships among haplogroups throughout the species’ distributional range and to estimate the divergence time by employing both substitution rates and geological calibration methods. Our haplotype network reconstruction and phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of a previously unknown haplogroup distributed in Romania's Apuseni Mountains. This haplogroup is closely related to others that are endemic in the Dinarides, despite their vast geographical separation (~600 km). The separation is best explained by the well‐dated tectonic displacement of the Tisza–Dacia microplate, which started in the Miocene (~16 Ma) and possibly carried part of the A. torrentium population to the current location of the Apuseni Mountains. This population may thus have been isolated from the Dinarides for a period of ca. 11 m.y. by marine and lacustrine phases of the Pannonian Basin. The inclusion of this geological event as a calibration point in divergence time analyses challenges currently accepted crayfish evolutionary time frames for the region, constraining the evolution of this area's crayfish to a much earlier date. We discuss why molecular clock calibrations previously employed to date European crayfish species divergences should therefore be reconsidered.
Toward reliable population density estimates of partially marked populations using spatially explicit mark–resight methods
Authors: Carter Andrew , Potts Joanne M. , Roshier David A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCamera traps are used increasingly to estimate population density for elusive and difficult to observe species. A standard practice for mammalian surveys is to place cameras on roads, trails, and paths to maximize detections and/or increase efficiency in the field. However, for many species it is unclear whether track‐based camera surveys provide reliable estimates of population density.Understanding how the spatial arrangement of camera traps affects population density estimates is of key interest to contemporary conservationists and managers given the rapid increase in camera‐based wildlife surveys.We evaluated the effect of camera‐trap placement, using several survey designs, on density estimates of a widespread mesopredator, the red foxVulpes vulpes, over a two‐year period in a semi‐arid conservation reserve in south‐eastern Australia. Further, we used the certainty in the identity and whereabouts of individuals (via GPS collars) to assess how resighting rates of marked foxes affect density estimates using maximum likelihood spatially explicit mark–resight methods.Fox detection rates were much higher at cameras placed on tracks compared with off‐track cameras, yet in the majority of sessions, camera placement had relatively little effect on point estimates of density. However, for each survey design, the precision of density estimates varied considerably across sessions, influenced heavily by the absolute number of marked foxes detected, the number of times marked foxes was resighted, and the number of detection events of unmarked foxes.Our research demonstrates that the precision of population density estimates using spatially explicit mark–resight models is sensitive to resighting rates of identifiable individuals. Nonetheless, camera surveys based either on‐ or off‐track can provide reliable estimates of population density using spatially explicit mark–resight models. This underscores the importance of incorporating information on the spatial behavior of the subject species when planning camera‐trap surveys.
TLR signals license CD8 T cells to destroy oligodendrocytes expressing an antigen shared with a Listeria pathogen
Authors: Sánchez‐Ruiz Monica , Polakos Noelle Katherine , Blau Tobias , Utermöhlen Olaf , Brunn Anna , Montesinos‐Rongen Manuel , Hünig Thomas , Deckert Martina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests a role of CD8 T cells in autoimmune demyelinating CNS disease, which, however, is still controversially discussed. Mice, which express ovalbumin (OVA) as cytosolic self‐antigen in oligodendrocytes (ODC‐OVA mice), respond to CNS infection induced by OVA‐expressing attenuated Listeria with CD8 T cell‐mediated inflammatory demyelination. This model is suitable to decipher the contribution of CD8 T cells and the pathogen in autoimmune CNS disease.Here, we show that both antigen and pathogen are required in the CNS for disease induction, though not in a physically linked fashion. Intracerebral challenge with combined toll like receptor (TLR) TLR2 and TLR9 as well as TLR7 and TLR9 agonists substituted for the bacterial stimulus, but not with individual TLR agonists (TLR2, TLR3,TLR5,TLR7, TLR9). Furthermore, MyD88 inactivation rendered ODC‐OVA mice resistant to disease induction.Collectively, CD8 T cell‐mediated destruction of oligodendrocytes is activated if (i) an antigen shared with an infectious agent is provided in the CNS microenvironment and (ii) innate immune signals inform the CNS microenvironment that pathogen removal warrants an immune attack by CD8 T cells, even at the expense of locally restricted demyelination.
A simple electrical approach to monitor dielectrophoretic focusing of particles flowing in a microchannel
Authors: Reale Riccardo , De Ninno Adele , Businaro Luca , Bisegna Paolo , Caselli Federica 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper reports an impedance‐based system for the quantitative assessment of dielectrophoretic (DEP) focusing of single particles flowing in a microchannel. Particle lateral positions are detected in two electrical sensing zones placed before and after a DEP‐focusing region, respectively. In each sensing zone, particle lateral positions are estimated using the unbalance between the opposite pulses of a differential current signal obtained with a straightforward coplanar electrode configuration. The system is used to monitor the focusing of polystyrene beads of 7 or 10 μm diameter, under various conditions of DEP field intensities and flow rates that produce different degrees of focusing. This electrical approach represents a simple and valuable alternative to optical methods for monitoring of particle focusing systems.
Retracted: Design and Experiments of a Hybrid Wind Turbine Drive Train using both Hydraulic and Mechanical Transmissions
Authors: Gu Haigang , Li Wei , Lin Yonggang 
Published: January 2019

Retraction: Gu, H., Li, W. and Lin, Y. (2019). Design and Experiments of a Hybrid Wind Turbine Drive Train using both Hydraulic and Mechanical Transmissions. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy. DOI: 10.1002/ep.13045The above article, published online on 20 January 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, Haigang Gu, Wei Li, Yonggang Lin, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Professor Martin Abraham, the AIChE, and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The retraction has been agreed as it was submitted by the submitting author, Xiuxing Yin, who is not listed as an author on the published version, without the consent of the authors listed on the article who were unaware of its submission.
Efficacy of bergamot: From anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative mechanisms to clinical applications as preventive agent for cardiovascular morbidity, skin diseases, and mood alterations
Authors: Perna Simone , Spadaccini Daniele , Botteri Leonardo , Girometta Carolina , Riva Antonella , Allegrini Pietro , Petrangolini Giovanna , Infantino Vittoria , Rondanelli Mariangela 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe summarize the effects of bergamot (extract, juice, essential oil, and polyphenolic fraction) on cardiovascular, bone, inflammatory, skin diseases, mood alteration, anxiety, pain, and stress. This review included a total of 31 studies (20 studies on humans with 1709 subjects and 11 in animals (rats and mice)). In humans, bergamot‐derived extract (BE) exerts positive effects on hyperlipidemia with an oral dose from 150 mg to 1000 mg/day of flavonoids administered from 30 to 180 days, demonstrating an effect on body weight and in modulating total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL. Studies in animals confirm promising data on glucose control (500/1000 mg/day of BE with a treatment lasting 30 days) are available in rats. In animals models, bergamot essential oil (BEO, 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg daily for 20 weeks) increases bone volume, decreases psoriatic plaques, increases skin collagen content, and promotes hair growth. Bergamot juice (20 mg/kg) is promising in terms of pro‐inflammatory cytokine reduction. In humans, aromatherapy (from 15 to 30 min) does not appear to be useful in order to reduce stress, anxiety, and nausea, compared to placebo. Compared to baseline, BE topical application and BEO aromatherapy reduce blood diastolic and systolic pressure and could have a significant effect on improving mental conditions.
Recovery of high value‐added protein from enzyme‐assisted aqueous extraction (EAE) of soybeans by dead‐end ultrafiltration
Authors: Zhang Qiaozhi , Li Yang , Wang Zhongjiang , Qi Baokun , Sui Xiaonan , Jiang Lianzhou 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe skim fraction (SF) obtained from enzyme‐assisted aqueous extraction (EAE) of soybeans is a by‐product with high protein content of up to 60.67%. As such, it is of great interest to develop an efficient method to recover protein from this fraction. In this study, the potential of dead‐end ultrafiltration (UF) in recovering skim protein extracted with different proteases was evaluated. Two polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with molecular weight cutoffs (MWCO) of 3 kDa and 5 kDa were utilized. Results revealed that the membrane with the MWCO of 5 kDa exhibited better filtration efficiency, since higher permeate flux values and lower impurity rejections were observed. Compared with Flavourzyme and Protex 7L, Alcalase 2.4L and Protex 6L exhibited stronger hydrolyzing ability, resulting in higher filtration fluxes but lower protein rejection coefficients. The recovered protein showed comparable amino acid profile to SPC, while with significantly reduced levels of trypsin inhibitors and phytate (p < 0.05), indicating high quality of the recovered protein. Overall, UF can be applicable to recover high value‐added protein from EAE of soybeans and remove undesired components from the resulting protein products.
Delayed diagnosis of intraperitoneal bladder perforation after blunt trauma
Authors: Wang Lu , Ogawa Soichiro , Onagi Akifumi , Tanji Ryo , Honda Ruriko , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Kurimura Yoshimasa , Onoda Mitsutaka , Hata Junya , Yabe Michihiro , Sato Yuichi , Akaihata Hidenori , Kataoka Masao , Haga Nobuhiro , Ishibashi Kei , Kojima Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionIntraperitoneal urinary bladder perforation due to blunt trauma in intoxicated patients requires quick and accurate diagnosis. However, this is difficult to correctly diagnose in intoxicated patients because their symptoms can be masked. We describe a rare case of intraperitoneal urinary bladder perforation that occurred after blunt trauma.Case presentationA 66‐year‐old intoxicated man stumbled, tripped on a stone step and landed on his lower abdomen, but felt no pain at the time. Two days later, he was diagnosed with intraperitoneal urinary bladder perforation, which was repaired by open surgery.ConclusionUrinary bladder perforation should be considered when patients present with abdominal pain and decrease in urine volume following trauma.
Report of the AAPM TG‐256 on the relative biological effectiveness of proton beams in radiation therapy
Authors: Paganetti Harald , Blakely Eleanor , Carabe‐Fernandez Alejandro , Carlson David J. , Das Indra J. , Dong Lei , Grosshans David , Held Kathryn D. , Mohan Radhe , Moiseenko Vitali , Niemierko Andrzej , Stewart Robert D. , Willers Henning 
Published: January 2019

The biological effectiveness of proton beams relative to photon beams in radiation therapy has been taken to be 1.1 throughout the history of proton therapy. While potentially appropriate as an average value, actual relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values may differ. This Task Group report outlines the basic concepts of RBE as well as the biophysical interpretation and mathematical concepts. The current knowledge on RBE variations is reviewed and discussed in the context of the current clinical use of RBE and the clinical relevance of RBE variations (with respect to physical as well as biological parameters).The following task group aims were designed to guide the current clinical practice:

Assess whether the current clinical practice of using a constant RBE for protons should be revised or maintained.
Identifying sites and treatment strategies where variable RBE might be utilized for a clinical benefit.
Assess the potential clinical consequences of delivering biologically weighted proton doses based on variable RBE and/or LET models implemented in treatment planning systems.
Recommend experiments needed to improve our current understanding of the relationships among in vitro, in vivo, and clinical RBE, and the research required to develop models. Develop recommendations to minimize the effects of uncertainties associated with proton RBE for well‐defined tumor types and critical structures.