bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate governance, board ethnicity and financial statement fraud: evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Nasir Noorul Azwin Binti Md , Ali Muhammad Jahangir , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between the presence of a Malay director on the board and financial statement fraud in Malaysia. Further, the authors investigate whether financial statement fraud firms improve their governance mechanisms compared to non-fraud firms subsequent to the fraud year.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use hand-collected data comprising 76 financial statement fraud and 76 non-fraud firms over a period of eight years from 2001 to 2008.FindingsUsing a univariate and logistic regression model, the results demonstrate a significant positive relationship between the proportion of Malay directors on the board and the financial statement fraud. The authors also find that fraud firms significantly increase the proportion of independent directors on their boards, increase the frequency of board and audit committee meetings and reduce duality subsequent to the detection of financial statement fraud compared to the non-fraud firms.Originality/valueThe findings of the study are useful to policy-makers, regulators, firms and investors.
Board gender composition, dividend policy and COD: the implications of CEO duality
Authors: Benjamin Samuel Jebaraj , Biswas Pallab 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This study aims to examine whether CEO duality affects the association between board gender composition, dividend policy and cost of debt (COD).

Design/methodology/approach
The S&P 1500 firms’ data for this study were collected from the Bloomberg professional service terminal for the period 2010-2015.

Findings
The results show that board gender composition positively impacts both a firm’s propensity to pay dividends and the level of payouts. However, this positive association is only present in firms with CEO duality. The authors find no significant association between board gender composition and COD, but when the authors split the sample into firms with and without CEO duality, the authors find a negative association in firms without CEO duality.

Practical implications
The empirical results highlight important issues for policymakers, managers and investors. The study provides positive feedback on corporate governance rejuvenation efforts that seek to engender and advocate the appointments of female directors to corporate boards. Market participants, such as financial analysts and lenders, could recognize the empirical specifics related to the influence of board gender composition on firms’ dividend policy and COD in the context of CEO duality.

Originality/value
This study fills an important gap in the literature on the relationship between board gender composition and its relation with dividend policy and COD.
Bandits and bounties: the intersection of information search and investment decisions
Authors: Meder Anthony A. , Schwartz Steven , Young Richard 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to describe two scenarios where the problem of information search interacts with the firm’s investment decisions. Investment decisions cannot be made separately from the need to acquire information.

Design/methodology/approach
The scenarios are illustrated with easy-to-follow numerical examples. Vignettes put the numerical examples in their real-world context.

Findings
In both scenarios, the firm should choose what might myopically appear as the lower net per value (NPV) alternative to efficiently deal with the information search problem.

Originality/value
Long-term investments are an important topic in the study of both accounting and finance, but it is in the study of accounting where information issues related to long term investments come to the fore. The traditional textbook approach on whether to accept long-term investment opportunities is to use the NPV rule. However, as illustrated in this note, in many important situations where information search is crucial to investment choice, the NPV rule will not lead to efficient investment decisions.
A method for fault diagnosis of nonlinear circuits
Authors: Tadeusiewicz Michal , Halgas Stanislaw 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a method for multiple soft fault diagnosis of nonlinear circuits including fault detection, identification of faulty elements and estimation of their values in real circumstances.Design/methodology/approachThe method for fault diagnosis proposed here uses a measurement test leading to a system of nonlinear equations expressing the measured quantities in terms of the circuit parameters. Nonlinear functions, which appear in these equations are not given in explicit analytical form. The equations are solved using a homotopy concept. A key problem of the solvability of the equations is considered locally while tracing the solution path. Actual faults are selected on the basis of the observation that the probability of faults in fewer number of elements is greater than in a larger number of elements.FindingsThe results indicate that the method is an effective tool for testing nonlinear circuits including bipolar junction transistors and junction field effect transistors.Originality/valueThe homotopy method is generalized and associated with a restart procedure and a numerical algorithm for solving differential equations. Testable sets of elements are found using the singular value decomposition. The procedure for selecting faulty elements, based on the minimal fault number rule, is developed. The method comprises both theoretical and practical aspects of fault diagnosis.
Outsourcing mandated corporate social responsibility in India: risks and performance
Authors: Subramaniam Nava , Kansal Monika , Mihret Dessalegn Getie , Babu Shekar 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the risks and challenges of corporate social responsibility (CSR) management in the Indian-mandated CSR ecosystem from a service purchaser–supplier dualistic perspective and the role management control systems (MCS) and social capital play in managing such risks and challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
This study undertook a qualitative approach that involved in-depth interviews of 22 CSR directors, managers or chief executive officers from 13 central public sector enterprises (CPSEs) that had purchased CSR services and nine managers of non-government organisations (NGOs) serving as CSR suppliers. Data analysis was founded on the principal–agent and social capital theoretical perspectives.

Findings
A highly bureaucratic, time-pressured mandated environment poses several goal congruence and adverse selection threats to outsourced CSR project arrangements. A mix of formal and informal control mechanisms is critical for enhancing trust or bonding between service purchasers and service providers and enriching bridging capital or access to resources derived from interpersonal connections between NGOs and communities.

Practical implications
NGOs and CPSEs may benefit from understanding each other’s goals and culture and using appropriate formal and informal MCS for managing CSR expectations and outcomes.

Originality/value
Drawing on a unique mandatory CSR regime, this study offers principal–agent and social capital perspectives on CSR programme delivery, highlighting the importance of various formal and informal MCS in lowering agency costs in outsourced CSR relationships.
An ethnographic study comparing approaches to inter-professional knowledge sharing and learning in discharge planning and care transitions
Authors: Waring Justin , Bishop Simon , Marshall Fiona , Tyler Natasha , Vickers Robert 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how three communication interventions commonly used during discharge planning and care transitions enable inter-professional knowledge sharing and learning as a foundation for more integrated working. These interventions include information communication systems, dedicated discharge planning roles and group-based planning activities.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-year ethnographic study was carried out across two regional health and care systems in the English National Health Service, focussing on the discharge of stroke and hip fracture patients. Data collection involved in-depth observations and 213 semi-structured interviews.

Findings
Information systems (e.g. e-records) represent a relatively stable conduit for routine and standardised forms of syntactic information exchange that can “bridge” time–space knowledge boundaries. Specialist discharge roles (e.g. discharge coordinators) support personalised and dynamic forms of “semantic” knowledge sharing that can “broker” epistemic and cultural boundaries. Group-based activities (e.g. team meetings) provide a basis for more direct “pragmatic” knowledge translation that can support inter-professional “bonding” at the cultural and organisational level, but where inclusion factors complicate exchange.

Research limitations/implications
The study offers analysis of how professional boundaries complicate discharge planning and care transition, and the potential for different communication interventions to support knowledge sharing and learning.

Originality/value
The paper builds upon existing research on inter-professional collaboration and patient safety by focussing on the problems of communication and coordination in the context of discharge planning and care transitions. It suggests that care systems should look to develop multiple complementary approaches to inter-professional communication that offer opportunities for dynamic knowledge sharing and learning.
Does idiosyncratic risk matter? Evidence from mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Nguyen Pascal , Ben Zaied Younes , Pham Thu Phuong 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate whether idiosyncratic volatility is a priced risk factor in the Australian stock market.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the change in idiosyncratic volatility around acquisition announcements and the related stock price revaluation to test whether the idiosyncratic risk is priced. If the idiosyncratic risk is priced, increases (decreases) in idiosyncratic volatility should be associated with decreases (increases) in the acquirer’s stock price, as the latter’s future cash flows are discounted at a higher (lower) rate. The sample consists of 2,656 completed acquisitions by Australian listed firms over the period January 1990 to October 2014 for which deal value represents more than 5 per cent of the acquirer’s market value.

Findings
Increases (decreases) in idiosyncratic risk are associated with significant decreases (increases) in firm value. This negative relationship is robust to the presence of outliers; is unaffected by the incidence of the 2007-2008 financial crisis; holds using alternative measures of idiosyncratic risk; and is more significant after excluding the resources sector. Firms with a higher idiosyncratic risk prior to the acquisition, and firms avoiding stock to pay for the acquisition, experience a more significant stock price increase in relation to a decrease in idiosyncratic risk.

Research limitations/implications
Considering the small size of the Australian economy, investors may have less scope to mitigate idiosyncratic risk. As a consequence, idiosyncratic risk is associated with the positive excess return, contrary to what standard asset pricing theory assumes. The results support Merton’s (1987) hypothesis that investors are exposed to idiosyncratic risk due to imperfect portfolio diversification and receive compensation for bearing that risk.

Practical implications
The pricing of idiosyncratic risk may also explain why the Australian stock market has historically offered a high equity risk premium. A practical implication would be for international investors to take advantage of the diversification constraints of local investors to capture higher risk premiums and achieve superior returns.

Originality/value
While prior studies demonstrate that stocks with higher idiosyncratic risk are associated with higher subsequent returns, the authors show that an increase in idiosyncratic risk is associated with a decrease in stock prices using acquisition announcements as shocks to a firm’s idiosyncratic risk. In other words, the results arise from within-firm variations rather than from cross-sectional differences in stock returns.
Numerical and experimental studies on sustainable alkali activated concretes at elevated temperatures
Authors: Yaragal Subhash , B. Chethan Kumar , Abhinav Manoj Uddavolu 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTo reduce environmental impact caused by excessive use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and to mitigate scarcity of base materials such as natural coarse aggregate (NCA), industrial by-products can be carefully used as alternatives to OPC and NCA, in production of concrete. This paper aims to describe the performance of using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), fly ash (FA) as a complete replacement to OPC and ferrochrome slag (FCS) as replacement to NCA in production of novel FCS based alkali activated slag/fly ash concretes (AASFC) and evaluate their performance at elevated temperatures.Design/methodology/approachTwo control factors with three levels each i.e. FA (0, 25 and 50 per cent by weight) and FCS (0, 50 and 100 per cent by volume) as a GGBS and NCA replacement, respectively, were adopted in AASFC mixtures. Further, AASFC mixture specimens were subjected to different levels of elevated temperature, i.e. 200°C, 400°C, 600°C and 800°C. Compressive strength and residual compressive strength were considered as responses. Three different optimization techniques i.e. gray relational analysis, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and Desirability function approach were used to optimize AASFC mixtures subjected to elevated temperatures.FindingsAs FA replacement increases in FCS based AASFC mixtures, workability increases and compressive strength decreases. The introduction of FCS as replacement to NCA in AASFC mixture did not show any significant change in compressive strength under ambient condition. AASFC produced with 75 per cent GGBS, 25 per cent FA and 100 per cent FCS was found to have excellent elevated temperature enduring properties among all other AASFC mixtures studied.Originality/valueAlthough several studies are available on using GGBS, FA and FCS in production of OPC-based concretes, present study reports the performance of novel FCS based AASFC mixtures subjected to elevated temperatures. Further, GGBS, FA and FCS used in the present investigation significantly reduces CO2emission and environmental degradation associated with OPC production and NCA extraction, respectively.
Recent advances and applications of abrasive processes for microelectronics fabrications
Authors: Zhong Zhao-Wei 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to review recent advances and applications of abrasive processes for microelectronics fabrications.

Design/methodology/approach
More than 80 patents and journal and conference articles published recently are reviewed. The topics covered are chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) for semiconductor devices, key/additional process conditions for CMP, and polishing and grinding for microelectronics fabrications and fan-out wafer level packages (FOWLPs).

Findings
Many reviewed articles reported advanced CMP for semiconductor device fabrications and innovative research studies on CMP slurry and abrasives. The surface finish, sub-surface damage and the strength of wafers are important issues. The defects on wafer surfaces induced by grinding/polishing would affect the stability of diced ultra-thin chips. Fracture strengths of wafers are dependent on the damage structure induced during dicing or grinding. Different thinning processes can reduce or enhance the fracture strength of wafers. In the FOWLP technology, grinding or CMP is conducted at several key steps. Challenges come from back-grinding and the wafer warpage. As the Si chips of the over-molded FOWLPs are very thin, wafer grinding becomes critical. The strength of the FOWLPs is significantly affected by grinding.

Originality/value
This paper attempts to provide an introduction to recent developments and the trends in abrasive processes for microelectronics manufacturing. With the references provided, readers may explore more deeply by reading the original articles. Original suggestions for future research work are also provided.
Diversification of educational services in the conditions of industry 4.0 on the basis of AI training
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei V. , Lobova Svetlana V. , Karp Marina V. , Vologdin Evgeny V. , Alekseev Alexander N 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to determine the perspectives of diversification of educational services in the conditions of industry 4.0 on the basis of artificial intelligence (AI) training, determine the consequences of this process for academic and teaching staff and to develop recommendations for its practical implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The methods of horizontal, trends and regression analysis are used for studying social consequences of digital modernization of the markets of higher education (for academic and teaching staff). The research is performed by the example of modern Russia on the basis of the statistical data of Federal State Statistics Service and the International Telecommunication Union. The timeframe of the research covers academic years 2000/2001-2018/2019.

Findings
It is determined that digital modernization of the sphere of higher education stimulates the reduction of the universities’ need for academic and teaching staff and growth of their unemployment. However, further digital modernization of economy on the basis of breakthrough technologies of industry 4.0 will lead to creation of a new type of educational services that are provided within entrepreneurship of universities – AI training of business. This will ensure development of university entrepreneurship (and reduction of dependence of universities on state financing), as well as growth of the employment opportunities for experts (academic and teaching staff) in the sphere of AI, which will not depend on the number of students, but will be connected to demand for AI training from digital business.

Originality/value
The role of AI training in the structure of production business processes of a university in the conditions of industry 4.0 is determined. The necessity for state stimulation of development of digital business in the modern economic systems is substantiated. It is shown that government has to pay close attention to the issues of support in the sphere of AI and mass distribution of their results. Because of this, it will be possible to control social risks in the sphere of higher education.
Mechanisms of institutional regulation of government policy building in the higher education system in the conditions of Industry 4.0
Authors: Vodenko Konstantin V. , Ivanchenko Olga S. , Tereshchenko Eleonora V. , Petrova Nina F. , Mishchenko Viktoria A. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The article analyzes the mechanisms of institutional regulation of government policy on the establishment and development of the research-innovative potential of youth in the higher education system.

Design/methodology/approach
The concepts of this paper are focused on the research of innovation within transformation of education, studying youth as a subject of innovation, analyzing the socio-cultural points of youth innovation activity in the professional area and revealing the theoretical and methodological foundations of personal creative development.

Findings
The article provides analysis of research-innovative practices offering their own methodological basis for the research of public regulation of the establishment and development of the research-innovative potential of the person. The analysis made it possible to conclude that an important short-term objective is to create competitive and convenient conditions for scientific research, opportunities for self-development and self-control of the national scientific-technical system, forging relations between actors at all stages of the knowledge cycle.

Originality/value
It is substantiated that the young people who should provide an innovation breakthrough and development of an innovative economy plays a crucial role in taken development measures. We managed to identify three types of student attitudes to scientific and research-innovative activity and, respectively, support and stimulation measures for each type (young research workers, formalists (or officially involved in R&D), passive observers).
Intellectual capital efficiency and bank’s performance
Authors: Buallay Amina , Cummings Richard , Hamdan Allam 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Intellectual capital (IC) plays a pivotal role in the high-tech and knowledge-based economic sectors. With the emergence of FinTech, which, with respect to the banking sector, is merging high-tech with the k-economy, there is an emerging need to highlight the importance and understand the dynamics of bank IC. With respect to Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies, where FinTech has become de rigueur, banking is bifurcated into Islamic and banking sectors. Through comparative empirical analysis, the purpose of this paper is to examine IC efficiency in Islamic and conventional banks with a view to elucidating the impact of IC, in aggregate and decomposed into its components, on an operational, financial and market performance of Islamic banks juxtaposed with conventional banks.

Design/methodology/approach
Using data collected from 59 banks for five years (2012-2016) involving 295 observations, an independent variable derived from the modified value added IC (MVAIC) components are regressed against dependent bank performance indicator variables [Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Tobin’s Q (TQ)]. Two types of control variables complete the regression analysis in this study: bank-specific and macroeconomic.

Findings
The findings elicited from the empirical results demonstrate that there is positive relationship between IC efficiency and financial performance (ROE) and market performance (TQ) in Islamic banks. In conventional banks, however, there is a positive relationship between IC and operational performance (ROE) and financial performance (ROE).

Originality/value
The model in this paper presents a valuable analytical framework for exploring IC efficiency as a driver of performance in dual-sector banking economies characterized by co-existence of Islamic and conventional financial institutions. In addition, this paper highlights bank management lacunae manifesting in terms of the weak nexus between: IC and asset efficiency (ROA) in Islamic banks and IC and market value (TQ) in conventional banks.