bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vergleich der Langzeitergebnisse bei Small Incision Refractive Lenticule Extraction (ReLEx SMILE) und Femto-LASIK
Authors: Breyer Detlev R. H. , Beckers Lena , Hagen Philipp , Kaymak Hakan , Klabe Karsten , Auffarth Gerd Uwe , Kretz Florian Tobias Alwin 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Ziel dieser retrospektiven Analyse war es, im 5-Jahres-Verlauf die ReLEx-SMILE-Methode und die femtosekundenlaserassistierte LASIK (FsLASIK, Femto-LASIK) in Bezug auf Sicherheit, Effektivität, Stabilität und intraoperative Komplikationen umfassend zu vergleichen. Bisherige Vergleichsstudien beschränken sich auf maximal 3 Jahre, sodass unsere Ergebnisse erstmalig längerfristige Daten zeigen.
Material/Methoden Es wurden 404 Augen nach FsLASIK (Mel 80, Carl Zeiss Meditec) und 1192 Augen nach ReLEx SMILE (VisuMax, Carl Zeiss Meditec) verglichen. Erhoben wurden die verwendeten Patientendaten 6 Monate, 1 Jahr, 2 Jahre, 3 Jahre und 5 Jahre nach refraktivem Eingriff.
Ergebnisse Fünf Jahre postoperativ zeigten beide Methoden vergleichbare Ergebnisse bei allen untersuchten Parametern. Innerhalb dieser 5 Jahre zeigte die ReLEx-SMILE-Methode hinsichtlich Sicherheit nach 6 Monaten, 1 Jahr und 2 Jahren signifikant bessere Visuswerte (p < 0,05). Auch der Verlauf des Fernvisus war nach der ReLEx-SMILE-Methode 1 Jahr, 2 Jahre und 3 Jahre postoperativ signifikant besser. Die Vorhersagbarkeit beider Methoden war gleichwertig und auch die intraoperativen Komplikationen fielen bei beiden Methoden gleich niedrig aus.
Zusammenfassung Die retrospektive Analyse unserer 5-Jahres-Ergebnisse zeigt, dass die ReLEx-SMILE-Methode und die FsLASIK mindestens ebenbürtig in Bezug auf die Sicherheit und Effektivität sowie Stabilität der Refraktionswerte sind. Aufgrund der hohen Patientenzufriedenheit, des hohen postoperativen Patientenkomforts und der naturgemäßen Abwesenheit von Flap-Komplikationen ist die ReLEx SMILE bei uns und unseren Patienten die Methode der Wahl, wenn es um einen refraktivchirurgischen Eingriff an der Hornhaut zur Korrektur von Myopie und myopem Astigmatismus geht.
Optimizing the Personalized, Risk-Adjusted Management of Pulmonary Embolism: An Integrated Clinical Trial Programme
Authors: Barco Stefano , Konstantinides Stavros V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAcute pulmonary embolism (PE) contributes significantly to the global burden of cardiovascular disease. The severity of the acute PE event determines the expected estimated risk of early death. This risk is influenced by the degree of dysfunction of the right ventricle (RV), as assessed by the presence of acute RV pressure overload on imaging and/or elevated cardiac biomarkers, and by demographic and clinical factors, including relevant comorbidities. Haemodynamic instability and cardiogenic shock is at the top of the PE severity spectrum, as it represents the most extreme manifestation of RV failure and a key determinant of poor prognosis. Ideally, risk-adjusted treatment should implement: (1) optimized timing and regimens of reperfusion therapy for unstable patients; (2) early discharge and continuation of anticoagulation treatment at home (low-risk PE); or (3) hospital admission and clinical/haemodynamic monitoring in patients at intermediate risk. The challenge is now to provide the basis for a comprehensive personalized, risk-adjusted care for patients with acute PE. The aim of the integrated academic clinical trial programme of the Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis at the University of Mainz is to develop and prospectively validate, in multinational studies, strategies for reperfusion and anticoagulant treatment of acute PE across the entire spectrum of early risk as well as clinical pathways for post-PE patient care and follow-up.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies in a General Obstetric Population: Clinical Impact on Pregnancy Outcome and Relationship with the M2 Haplotype in the Annexin A5 (ANXA5) Gene
Authors: Villani Michela , Colaizzo Donatella , Martinelli Pasquale , Cappucci Filomena , Fischetti Lucia , Maruotti Giuseppe M. , Intrieri Mariano , Greco Luigi , Chinni Elena , Tiscia Giovanni L. , Margaglione Maurizio , Grandone Elvira ,   on behalf of PRENACEL Study Group
Published: July 2019

AbstractAntiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies are recognised risk factors for adverse obstetric outcomes. Recently, carriers of the M2 haplotype in the Annexin A5 gene have been shown to have a higher susceptibility to develop aPL antibodies. In a general obstetric population, we prospectively evaluated the possible relationship between: (1) aPL antibodies and M2 haplotype; and (2) aPL antibodies and/or M2 haplotype and obstetric outcomes. From a cohort of 3,097 consecutive pregnant women, 1,286 samples were analysed for the presence of both anti-cardiolipin and anti-human β2-glycoprotein I antibodies; samples with available DNA (n = 606) were also investigated for the M2 haplotype. Overall, 41/1,286 (3.2%) women showed the presence of aPL antibodies. Among them, 2 (4.8%) experienced a pregnancy loss and 38 (92.7%) gave birth to live-born babies (p-value = non-significant vs. those without aPL antibodies). M2 haplotype was identified in 140 (23.1%) out of 606 women with DNA available: 3/140 (2.1%) M2 carriers and 17/466 (3.6%) non-carriers tested positive for aPL antibodies, respectively (p-value = non-significant). In total, 15/150 (10%) M2 and/or aPL antibody carriers, and 38/445 (8.5%) non-aPL antibody and/or M2 carriers suffered from obstetric complications, respectively (p-value = non-significant). No relationship between aPL antibodies and M2 haplotype was found. Furthermore, neither aPL antibodies nor the M2 haplotype is associated with obstetric complications.
Physiopathological Aspects of Sellar Epidermoid Cyst Determining Endocrine Disturbances: A Case Report
Authors: Cambruzzi Eduardo , Ferreira Nelson Pires , Barcellos Gabriel , Fruet Pablo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEpidermoid cysts (ECs) of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute benign circumscribed lesions that are more common in lateral than in midline sites. Epidermoid cysts of the CNS arise more frequently in the cerebellopontine angle, around the pons, near the sella, within the temporal lobe, in the diploe, and in the spinal canal. Most common tumoral lesion of sellar region is pituitary adenoma, and sellar cystic epithelial masses may be difficult to differentiate based only on clinical and imaging findings. Epidermoid cysts are covered by keratinized squamous epithelium and are usually filled with keratin lamellae. The process is, for the most part, maldevelopmental in origin, presumably arising from trapped surface ectodermal elements in association with the developing CNS during the closure of the neural groove or formation of the secondary cerebral vesicles. In the present study, the authors describe a case of sellar epidermoid cyst producing endocrine alterations and visual disturbance in a 35 years woman, and review the physiopathological and diagnostic criteria of this lesion.
Antimicrobial resistance, inflammatory responses: a comparative analysis of pathogenicities, knowledge hybrids and the semantics of antibiotic use
Authors: Lambert Helen , Chen Meixuan , Cabral Christie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is widely recognised as a global threat to human health. This paper explores the mobilisation of biomedical concepts and technologies within local semantic registers and addresses the implications of translation and knowledge complexity for attempts to mitigate the problem of antibiotic resistance. In China, antibiotics are frequently prescribed for common complaints and are widely available without prescription. Drawing on field research in three rural counties of one province, we show that current patterns of antibiotic use are the result of sociocultural, economic and systems drivers within a medical context that draws on precepts from both biomedicine and Chinese medical knowledge. Comparative analysis with European settings suggests that pathogenicity, the set of explanatory frameworks regarding the production of disease, varies socio-temporally in the causal mechanisms that are prioritised. Incorporated within diagnostic strategies that direct treatment towards the bodily response to infection rather than to the infecting pathogen, ‘anti-inflammatory medicine’ as the popular term for antibiotics in parts of Asia foregrounds physiological process over microbial invasion. We examine the articulation of biomedical knowledge paradigms within a non-Pasteurian milieu in relation to socio-historical process, including hybridisation between ontologically distinct medical traditions and the heterogeneity of scientific knowledge claims that underpin contemporary practices of antibiotic prescribing. We conclude that the concept of inflammation functions as a boundary object which effectively mediates the interfaces between popular knowledges, biomedical sciences and local medical practices. Our analysis may have wide relevance because popular and scientific understandings of inflammation alike draw on metaphors grounded in universal sensory experience that provides a common basis for culturally diverse conceptual elaboration. Situated understandings of inflammation and associated treatment preferences constitute a contextually coherent response to available medical technologies in community health care. Our analysis also calls into question simplistic interpretations of antibiotic use for non-bacterial conditions as deriving from lack of education or public awareness and suggests a need to reconsider current public health knowledge translation strategies.
Selective incorporation of proteinaceous over nonproteinaceous cationic amino acids in model prebiotic oligomerization reactions
Authors: Frenkel-Pinter Moran , Haynes Jay W. , C Martin , Petrov Anton S. , Burcar Bradley T. , Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan , Hud Nicholas V. , Leman Luke J. , Williams Loren Dean 
Published: July 2019

Significance
One of the long-standing questions in origins-of-life research centers on how the proteinaceous side chains and the protein backbone were selected during the earliest phases of evolution. Here we have studied oligomerization reactions of a group of positively charged amino acids, both proteinaceous and nonproteinaceous. Amino acids spontaneously oligomerized without the use of enzymes or activating agents, under mild, hydroxy acid-catalyzed, dry-down conditions. We observed that the proteinaceous amino acids oligomerized more extensively and with greater preference for reactivity through their α-amine compared with nonproteinaceous amino acids, forming predominantly linear, protein-like backbone topologies. These findings provide a purely chemical basis for selection of the positively charged amino acids found in today’s proteins.
Alternative truths and delegitimization pragmatic strategies around the 2018 Italian elections
Authors: Baldi Benedetta , Franco Ludovico , Savoia Leonardo M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper we aim at analysing, from a pragmatic viewpoint, the rhetoric of delegitimization of the opponent in new media insofar as it triggers individual, uncontrolled and deep-rooted forms of communications. The communicative context is that of the political controversies and the propaganda around the Italian elections of March 2018. Accusations of fake news, hate speech and other delegitimizing rhetorical tools occur within the messages distributed on social media by politicians. We are specifically interested in illustrating and examining the disposition/standpoint of public social actors, of politicians in particular, toward the (delegitimizing) effects of the spreading of foul language, hate speech and fake news as instruments for re-shaping reality and introducing an alternative reading of facts.
Consideration of Opioid Agonist Treatment in A Pregnant Adolescent: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Spada Meredith , Kmiec Julie , Glance Jody B. , Gopalan Priya 
Published: July 2019

Background: Opioid use greatly increases the risk of overdose death, as well as contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis. Opioid agonist treatment is recommended for pregnant women who are dependent on opioids. However, there is a dearth of studies on the use of opioid agonist treatment in pregnant teenagers. Case: Ms. A, a 15 year-old G1PO in foster care, presented to our tertiary women's hospital requesting opioid agonist treatment for use of pill opioids. She reported nasal inhalation of 5–6 opioid tablets daily, with recent attempts to self-taper using nonprescribed buprenorphine since learning of her pregnancy. Last reported opioid use was >24 hours prior to admission. Urine drug testing was positive only for opioids (negative for buprenorphine and methadone). She did not exhibit significant withdrawal symptoms while hospitalized. The psychiatric treatment team recommended deferring opioid agonist treatment and pursuing outpatient substance use treatment. Unfortunately, Ms. A did not attend outpatient treatment and was lost to follow up. Discussion: Based upon our experience and review of the studies regarding opioid use disorder (OUD) and perinatal and adolescent opioid use, we recommend that pregnant adolescents with OUD be referred to opioid agonist treatment with buprenorphine or methadone. Studies specifically addressing opioid agonist treatment in pregnant teenagers are needed.
Who Receives Naloxone from Emergency Medical Services? Characteristics of Calls and Recent Trends
Authors: Geiger Caroline , Smart Rosanna , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: July 2019

Background: With the rapid rise in opioid overdose-related deaths, state policy makers have expanded policies to increase the use of naloxone by emergency medical services (EMS). However, little is known about changes in EMS naloxone administration in the context of continued worsening of the opioid crisis and efforts to increase use of naloxone. This study examines trends in patient demographics and EMS response characteristics over time and by county urbanicity. Methods: We used data from the 2013–2016 National EMS Information System to examine trends in patient demographics and EMS response characteristics for 911-initiated incidents that resulted in EMS naloxone administration. We also assessed temporal, regional, and urban–rural variation in per capita rates of EMS naloxone administrations compared with per capita rates of opioid-related overdose deaths. Results: From 2013 to 2016, naloxone administrations increasingly involved young adults and occurred in public settings. Particularly in urban counties, there were modest but significant increases in the percentage of individuals who refused subsequent treatment, were treated and released, and received multiple administrations of naloxone before and after arrival of EMS personnel. Over the 4-year period, EMS naloxone administrations per capita increased at a faster rate than opioid-related overdose deaths across urban, suburban, and rural counties. Although national rates of naloxone administration were consistently higher in suburban counties, these trends varied across U.S. Census Regions, with the highest rates of suburban administration occurring in the South. Conclusions: Naloxone administration rates increased more quickly than opioid deaths across all levels of county urbanicity, but increases in the percentage of individuals requiring multiple doses and refusing subsequent care require further attention.
MAICA: an ICA-based method for source separation in a low-channel EEG recording
Authors: Rejer Izabela , Górski Paweł 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective. The paper aims to present a method that enables the application of independent component analysis (ICA) to a low-channel EEG recording. The idea behind the method (called moving average ICA or MAICA) is to extend the original low-sensor matrix of signals by applying a set of zero-phase moving average filters to each of the recorded signals.Approach. The paper discusses the theoretical background of the MAICA algorithm and verifies its usefulness under three exemplary settings: (i) a pure mathematic system composed of ten source sinusoids; (ii) real EEG data recorded from 64 channels; (iii) real EEG data recorded from five subjects during 200 trials with motor imagery brain–computer interface.Main results. The first system shows that MAICA is able to decompose two mixed signals (composed of ten source sinusoids) into ten components with an extremely high correlation between the source patterns and identified components (99%–100%). The second system shows that when used over five channels, MAICA is able to recognize more artefact components than those recognized by classic ICA used over 64 channels. Finally, the third system demonstrates that MAICA is capable of working in an online mode without significant delays; the additional time needed to run MAICA for one trial was less than 6ms in the survey reported in the paper.Significance. The method presented in the paper should have a significant impact on all areas of medical signal processing where a large number of known and/or unknown patterns have to be retrieved in real time from complex signals recorded from a small number of external/internal body sensors.
New insights on human essential genes based on integrated analysis and the construction of the HEGIAP web-based platform
Authors: Chen Hebing , Zhang Zhuo , Jiang Shuai , Li Ruijiang , Li Wanying , Zhao Chenghui , Hong Hao , Huang Xin , Li Hao , Bo Xiaochen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Essential genes are those whose loss of function compromises organism viability or results in profound loss of fitness. Recent gene-editing technologies have provided new opportunities to characterize essential genes. Here, we present an integrated analysis that comprehensively and systematically elucidates the genetic and regulatory characteristics of human essential genes. First, we found that essential genes act as ‘hubs’ in protein–protein interaction networks, chromatin structure and epigenetic modification. Second, essential genes represent conserved biological processes across species, although gene essentiality changes differently among species. Third, essential genes are important for cell development due to their discriminate transcription activity in embryo development and oncogenesis. In addition, we developed an interactive web server, the Human Essential Genes Interactive Analysis Platform (http://sysomics.com/HEGIAP/), which integrates abundant analytical tools to enable global, multidimensional interpretation of gene essentiality. Our study provides new insights that improve the understanding of human essential genes.
scRNABatchQC: multi-samples quality control for single cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Liu Qi , Sheng Quanhu , Ping Jie , Ramirez Marisol Adelina , Lau Ken S , Coffey Robert J , Shyr Yu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSummarySingle cell RNA sequencing is a revolutionary technique to characterize inter-cellular transcriptomics heterogeneity. However, the data are noise-prone because gene expression is often driven by both technical artifacts and genuine biological variations. Proper disentanglement of these two effects is critical to prevent spurious results. While several tools exist to detect and remove low-quality cells in one single cell RNA-seq dataset, there is lack of approach to examining consistency between sample sets and detecting systematic biases, batch effects and outliers. We present scRNABatchQC, an R package to compare multiple sample sets simultaneously over numerous technical and biological features, which gives valuable hints to distinguish technical artifact from biological variations. scRNABatchQC helps identify and systematically characterize sources of variability in single cell transcriptome data. The examination of consistency across datasets allows visual detection of biases and outliers.Availability and implementationscRNABatchQC is freely available at https://github.com/liuqivandy/scRNABatchQC as an R package.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Trans-acting non-synonymous variant of FOXA1 predisposes to hepatocellular carcinoma through modulating FOXA1-ERα transcriptional program and may have undergone natural selection
Authors: Wang Sheng , Xiang Chan , Mou Lin , Yang Yuan , Zhong Rong , Wang Liyan , Sun Chang , Qin Zhaoyu , Yang Jingmin , Qian Ji , Zhao Yuanyuan , Wang Yi , Pan Xuedong , Qie Jingbo , Jiang Yan , Wang Xiaofeng , Yang Yajun , Zhou Wei-Ping , Miao Xiaoping , He Fuchu , Jin Li , Wang Haijian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Interplay of pioneer transcription factor forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) and estrogen receptor has been implicated in sexual dimorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but etiological relevance of its polymorphism was unknown. In the case control study (1152 patients versus1242 controls), we observed significant increase in HCC susceptibility in hepatitis B virus carriers associated with a non-synonymous Thr83Ala variant of FOXA1 (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11−1.48, for Ala83-containing genotype, after validation in an independent population with 933 patients versus 1030 controls), a tightly linked (CGC)5/6or7 repeat polymorphism at its promoter (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.10–1.60, for (CGC)6or7-repeat-containing genotype), and their combined haplotype (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.24–1.81, for (CGC)6or7−Ala83 haplotype). The susceptible FOXA1-Ala83 impairs its interaction with ERα, attenuates transactivation toward some of their dual target genes, such as type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase, UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17 and sodium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide, but correlates with strengthened cellular expression of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and elevated AFP serum concentration in HCC patients (n = 1096). The susceptible FOXA1 cis-variant with (CGC)6or7 repeat strengthens the binding to transcription factor early growth response 1 and enhances promoter activity and gene expression. Evolutionary population genetics analyses with public datasets reveal significant population differentiation and unique haplotype structure of the derived protective FOXA1-Thr83 and suggest that it may have undergone positive natural selection in Chinese population. These findings epidemiologically highlight the functional significance of FOXA1-ERα transcriptional program and regulatory network in liver cancer development.
Development of Hippocampal–Prefrontal Cortex Interactions through Adolescence
Authors: Calabro Finnegan J , Murty Vishnu P , Jalbrzikowski Maria , Tervo-Clemmens Brenden , Luna Beatriz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Significant improvements in cognitive control occur from childhood through adolescence, supported by the maturation of prefrontal systems. However, less is known about the neural basis of refinements in cognitive control proceeding from adolescence to adulthood. Accumulating evidence indicates that integration between hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) supports flexible cognition and has a protracted neural maturation. Using a longitudinal design (487 scans), we characterized developmental changes from 8 to 32 years of age in HPC-PFC functional connectivity at rest and its associations with cognitive development. Results indicated significant increases in functional connectivity between HPC and ventromedial PFC (vmPFC), but not dorsolateral PFC. Importantly, HPC-vmPFC connectivity exclusively predicted performance on the Stockings of Cambridge task, which probes problem solving and future planning. These data provide evidence that maturation of high-level cognition into adulthood is supported by increased functional integration across the HPC and vmPFC through adolescence.