bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERACTION OF ALUMINUM-COBALT AND ALUMINUM-NICKEL ALLOYS ACTIVATED BY LIQUID GALLIUM-INDIUM EUTECTIC WITH TERT-BUTYL CHLORIDE FOR FORMATION OF CATALYTIC METAL - ALUMO-CHLORIDE COMPLEXES
Authors: Arbuzov Aleksey B. , Drozdov Vladimir A. , Shlyapin Dmitry A. , Lavrenov Alexander V. 
Published: November 2018

It is known that binary alloys of aluminum and metals of the iron group (cobalt, nickel) after their activation with the liquid eutectic gallium-indium by the removal of “passivating” oxide layers sharply increase the reactivity with respect to organochlorines. Corresponding reactions lead to the formation of metal – alumo - chloride complexes as inorganic products, which are active in many practically important catalytic reactions of liquid-phase conversion of hydrocarbons such as: alkylation, isomerization, oligomerization. This approach which was previously developed by the authors for the polycrystalline aluminum, is of interest in metal-complex catalysis since the formation of catalytic alumo-chloride and/or metal-alumo-chloride complexes can be carried out directly in the reaction medium, i.e. in situ. In this work, the local composition, structure and morphology of surface layers of aluminum-cobalt and aluminum-nickel alloys activated with liquid gallium-indium eutectic were studied using the methods of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry to determine the physicochemical regularities of the dynamics of their interaction with tert-butyl chloride at room temperatures. The formation of metal chloride complexes in the interphase area “activated alloy - tert-butyl chloride” was studied by ATR-FT-IR method in situ. The results obtained indicate that mono- and bi- nuclear alumo-chloride anions stabilized by cobalt and nickel cations are formed during the interaction. It is assumed that the ionic complex pairs formed are the active centers in liquid-phase reactions of hydrocarbons transformation at low temperatures. These structures are responsible for significantly change in the selectivity of catalytic processes compared to aluminum chloride catalyst.
For citation:
Arbuzov A.B., Drozdov V.A., Shlyapin D.A., Lavrenov A.V. Interaction of aluminum-cobalt and aluminum-nickel alloys activated by liquid gallium-indium eutectic with tert-butyl chloride for formation of catalytic metal - alumo-chloride complexes. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 64-69
The addition of very light loads into the routine testing of the bench press increases the reliability of the force–velocity relationship
Authors: Cuevas-Aburto Jesualdo , Ulloa-Díaz David , Barboza-González Paola , Chirosa-Ríos Luis Javier , García-Ramos Amador 
Published: November 2018

Background
The aim of this study was to examine whether the addition of very light loads for modeling the force–velocity (F–V) relationship during the bench press (BP) exercise can confirm its experimental linearity as well as to increase the reliability and concurrent validity of the F–V relationship parameters (maximum force (F0), maximum velocity (V0), F–V slope, and maximum power (Pmax)).

Method
The F–V relationship of 19 healthy men were determined using three different methods: (I) 6-loads free method: six loads performed during the traditional free-weight BP exercise (≈ 1–8–29–39–49–59 kg), (II) 4-loads free method: four loads performed during the traditional free-weight BP exercise (≈ 29–39–49–59 kg), and (III) 4-loads Smith method: four loads performed during the ballistic bench press throw exercise in a Smith machine (≈ 29–39–49–59 kg).

Results
The linearity of the F–V relationship was very high and comparable for the three F–V methods (p = 0.204; median Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99). The three methods were ranked from the most to the least reliable as follows: 6-loads free (coefficient of variation (CV) range = 3.6–6.7%) > 4-loads Smith (CV range = 4.6–12.4%) > 4-loads free (CV range = 3.8–14.5%). The higher reliability of the 6-loads free method was especially pronounced for F–V slope (CVratio ≥ 1.85) and V0 (CVratio ≥ 1.49) parameters, while the lowest difference in reliability was observed for F0 (CVratio ≤ 1.27). The 6-loads free and 4-loads free methods showed a very high concurrent validity respect to the 4-loads Smith method for F0 and Pmax (r ≥ 0.89), a moderate validity for the F–V slope (r = 0.66–0.82), and a low validity for V0 (r ≤ 0.37).

Discussion
The routine testing of the F–V relationship of upper-body muscles through the BP exercise should include trials with very light loading conditions to enhance the reliability of the F–V relationship.
Analytical CPG model driven by limb velocity input generates accurate temporal locomotor dynamics
Authors: Yakovenko Sergiy , Sobinov Anton , Gritsenko Valeriya 
Published: November 2018

The ability of vertebrates to generate rhythm within their spinal neural networks is essential for walking, running, and other rhythmic behaviors. The central pattern generator (CPG) network responsible for these behaviors is well-characterized with experimental and theoretical studies, and it can be formulated as a nonlinear dynamical system. The underlying mechanism responsible for locomotor behavior can be expressed as the process of leaky integration with resetting states generating appropriate phases for changing body velocity. The low-dimensional input to the CPG model generates the bilateral pattern of swing and stance modulation for each limb and is consistent with the desired limb speed as the input command. To test the minimal configuration of required parameters for this model, we reduced the system of equations representing CPG for a single limb and provided the analytical solution with two complementary methods. The analytical and empirical cycle durations were similar (R2 = 0.99) for the full range of walking speeds. The structure of solution is consistent with the use of limb speed as the input domain for the CPG network. Moreover, the reciprocal interaction between two leaky integration processes representing a CPG for two limbs was sufficient to capture fundamental experimental dynamics associated with the control of heading direction. This analysis provides further support for the embedded velocity or limb speed representation within spinal neural pathways involved in rhythm generation.
Risk and protective factors for drug dependence in two Moroccan high-risk male populations
Authors: Sfendla Anis , Lemrani Dina , Ahlström Britt Hedman , Senhaji Meftaha , Kerekes Nóra 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundSubstance use is linked to biological, environmental, and social factors. This study provides insights on protective and risk factors for drug dependence in two Moroccan, high-risk, male samples.MethodsData from the “Mental and Somatic Health without borders” (MeSHe) survey were utilized in the present study. The MeSHe survey assesses somatic and mental health parameters by self-report from prison inmates (n= 177) and outpatients from an addiction institution (n= 54). The “Drug dependence” and the “No drug dependence” groups were identified based on the Arabic version of the Drug Use Disorder Identification Test’s (DUDIT) validated cutoff for identifying individuals with drug dependence, specifically in Morocco.ResultsThe majority of participants who had at least high school competence (67.6%), were living in a partnership (53.7%), were a parent (43.1%), and/or had a job (86.8%) belonged to the “No drug dependence” group, while the presence of mental health problems was typical among the “Drug dependence” group (47.4%). A multivariable regression model (χ2(df= 5,N= 156) = 63.90,p< 0.001) revealed that the presence of depression diagnosis remains a significant risk factor, while a higher level of education, having a child, and being employed are protective factors from drug dependence.DiscussionFindings support the importance of increasing academic competence and treating depression as prevention from the persistence of drug addiction in male high-risk populations.
Preparation of Ordered Mesoporous Au using Double Gyroid Mesoporous Silica KIT‐6 via a Seed‐Mediated Growth Process
Authors: Shimasaki Yuta , Kitahara Masaki , Shoji Miho , Shimojima Atsushi , Wada Hiroaki , Kuroda Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOrdered mesoporous Au was prepared using double gyroid (cubic Ia‐3d) mesoporous silica KIT‐6 as a template. The Au frameworks were formed within the template via a seed‐mediated growth process. Au nanoparticles were initially prepared as seeds within the mesopores, and subsequently, they were grown under mild and controlled reducing conditions. The transmission electron micrographs and scanning electron micrographs of mesoporous Au after the removal of the template revealed the formation of mesoporous Au replicas. The small‐angle X‐ray scattering pattern of mesoporous Au reveals that the obtained mesoporous Au has a cubic I4132 mesostructure, which is different from that of the original template, implying that Au was deposited within only one mesochannel of the two interconnected ones. The seed‐mediated growth process is a key factor in the successful formation of ordered mesoporous Au using a mesoporous silica template. Our preparative method can serve as a guide for further development of synthetic and materials chemistry of mesoporous Au.
Functional anatomy of the female reproductive system of the American lobster (Homarus americanus)
Authors: Comeau Michel , Benhalima Kadra 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLight microscopy studies of the female American lobster Homarus americanus reproductive system are essentially nonexistent or outdated. Based on samples taken in the spring, summer, and autumn from the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence between 1994 and 2014, and using a combination of histological and scanning electron microscope techniques, we propose an ovarian cycle with 10 stages, identifying for the first time a recovery stage. Also, an atypical resorption stage, characterized by massive reabsorption of mature oocytes, is occasionally observed during summer months. The oviducts are composed of connective tissue (elastic and collagen fibers) with no muscle or secretory activities. Their epithelium shows a cyclic pattern and phagocytosis activities linked to spawning. Although the role of the seminal receptacle is to store and protect semen, free spermatozoa (i.e., without the spermatophoric wall and the acellular gelatinous substance that constitute the semen) were also observed in its posteriolateral grooves immediately prior to spawning, which is consistent with an external fertilization mechanism at the seminal receptacle. Unexpectedly, free spermatozoa were observed externally near two pore‐like structures located on the gonopore's operculum, not at the seminal receptacle, after spawning; hence, more work is needed to fully understand the fertilization mechanism for the American lobster.
Mapping land enclosures and vegetation cover changes in the surroundings of Kenya's Dadaab refugee camps with very high resolution satellite imagery
Authors: Rossi Massimiliano , Rembold Felix , Bolognesi Michele , Nori Michele , Mureithi Stephen , Nyberg Gert 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe immediate surroundings of refugee camps in drylands are among the areas exposed to highest pressure on natural resources including vegetation and soil. Understanding the dynamics of land fencing in these areas is critical for sustainable camp management and can help to improve the knowledge about land management in drylands in general. Very high resolution satellite imagery provides a means to observe such areas over time and to document land cover and use changes. This study uses satellite images to map fenced areas, which can be divided into pastoral enclosures and the so called ‘green belts’ (areas fenced for afforestation) around the Hagadera Camp in Dadaab (Kenya). It then analyses change dynamics between 2006 and 2013, a period where the refugee camp has been subject to high oscillations in camp population, due to a combination of conflicts and droughts in Somalia. The applied methodology allows detailed fence mapping and shows a large increase in fenced area (56%) over the 7‐year period. Although new pastoral enclosures expanded into more densely vegetated surroundings, land cover density inside already fenced areas either decreased or remained stable. Green belt areas grew at a similar rate (58%) but did not show evidence of greening over time and their longer term success is strongly dependent on maintenance. The settlement area did also expand remarkably in the same time (65%), and human and animal movements in the surroundings intensified with a negative impact on vegetation density. The study could not fully investigate the socio‐economic drivers and impacts linked to the rapid increase of enclosures, which are inextricably linked to evolutions in local agro‐pastoral practices. However, by documenting spatial and temporal dynamics of fenced areas, it adds new evidence to their increasing relevance in rangeland management, and opens the way to a number of hypotheses, stimulating the debate about long‐term ecological and socio‐economic impact.
The Formation of an Oxygen Wave by Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Tenfjord P. , Hesse M. , Norgren C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOxygen of ionospheric origin is a ubiquitous particle species in magnetospheric dynamics. We investigate how an oxygen population influences magnetic reconnection and how it is energized, using particle‐in‐cell simulations. The oxygen population is inserted initially in the inflow region, at two equal distances above and below the current sheet, and as time evolves it is captured by the reconnection process. Three simulations with different initial oxygen temperature are investigated. As the oxygen gets involved, layers of high‐oxygen density forms in a region bounded by the Hall electric field. These density striations consist of a quasi‐steady horizontal layer and a dynamic, inclined, wavefront‐like layer. The acceleration of the oxygen population is dominated by electric forces, as the oxygen remains approximately demagnetized for the relevant timescales of the simulation. We describe two mechanisms of oxygen acceleration that lead to these two different structures.
Evaluation of Simulated Snow and Snowmelt Timing in the Community Land Model Using Satellite‐Based Products and Streamflow Observations
Authors: Toure Ally M. , Luojus Kari , Rodell Matthew , Beaudoing Hiroko , Getirana Augusto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate snow and snowmelt simulated by version 4 of the Community Land Model (CLM4). We performed uncoupled CLM4 simulations, forced by Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Land‐only meteorological fields. GlobSnow snow cover fraction, snow water equivalent (SWE), and satellite‐based passive microwave snowmelt‐off day of year (MoD) data were used to evaluate snow cover fraction, SWE, and snowmelt simulations. Simulated runoff was then fed into a river routing scheme and evaluation was performed at 408 snow‐dominated catchments using gauge observations. CLM4 and GlobSnow snow cover extent showed a strong agreement, especially during the peak snow cover months. Overall there was a good correlation between simulated and observed SWE (correlation coefficient, R = 0.6). Simulated and observed SWE were similar over areas with relatively flat terrain and moderate forest density. The simulated MoD agreed (MoD differences [CLM4‐passive microwave] = ±7 days) with observations over 39.4% of the study domain. Snowmelt‐off occurred earlier in the model compared to the observations over 39.5% of the domain and later over 21.1% of the domain. Large differences of MoD were seen in the areas with complex terrain and dense forest cover. We also found that, although streamflow seasonal phase was accurately modeled (R = 0.9), the peaks controlled by snowmelt were underestimated. Routed CLM4 streamflow tended to occur early (by 10 days on average).
In silico identification and characterization of a diverse subset of conserved microRNAs in bioenergy crop Arundo donax L.
Authors: Jike Wuhe , Sablok Gaurav , Bertorelle Giorgio , Li Mingai , Varotto Claudio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plants. Arundo donax L. is a perennial C3 grass considered one of the most promising bioenergy crops. Despite its relevance, many fundamental aspects of its biology still remain to be elucidated. In the present study we carried out the first in silico mining and tissue-specific characterization of microRNAs and their putative targets in A. donax. We identified a total of 141 miRNAs belonging to 14 families along with the corresponding primary miRNAs, precursor miRNAs and a total of 462 high-confidence predicted targets and novel target sites were validated by 5′-race. Gene Ontology functional annotation showed that miRNA targets are constituted mainly by transcription factors, but three of the newly validated targets are enzymes involved in novel functions like RNA editing, acyl lipid metabolism and post-Golgi trafficking. Folding variability of pre-miRNA loops and phylogenetic analyses indicate variable selective pressure acting on the different miRNA families. The set of miRNAs identified in this study will pave the road to further miRNA research in Arundo donax and contribute towards a better understanding of miRNA-mediated gene regulatory processes in other bioenergy crops.
Metabolomics analysis of gut barrier dysfunction in a trauma-hemorrhagic shock rat model
Authors: Li Zhongqi , Li Jian , Zhang Shouwei , Chen Gang , Chi Shaohua , Li Xugang , Guo Fei , Zhu Jianbo , Sun Baoxi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction has been implicated in the development of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome caused by the trauma-hemorrhagic shock (THS). However, the mechanisms underlying THS-induced gut barrier injury are still poorly understood. In the present study, we used the metabolomics analysis to test the hypothesis that altered metabolites might be related to the development of THS-induced barrier dysfunction in the large intestine. Under the induction of THS, gut barrier failure was characterized by injury of permeability and mucus layer, which were companied by the decreased expression of zonula occludens-1 in the colon and increased levels of inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in the serum. A total of 16 differential metabolites were identified in colonic tissues from THS-treated rats compared with control rats. These altered metabolites included dihydroxy acetone phosphate, ribose-5-phosphate, fructose, glyceric acid, succinic acid, and adenosine, which are critical intermediates or end products that are involved in pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate biosynthesis. These findings may offer important insight into the metabolic alterations in THS-treated gut injury, which will be helpful for developing effective metabolites-based strategies to prevent THS-induced gut barrier dysfunction.
Gene expression profiles analysis identifies a novel two-gene signature to predict overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Sun Chengtao , Cheng Xianfeng , Wang Chaoyu , Wang Xi , Xia Bing , Zhang Yizhuo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common hematologic malignancy, however, specific tumor-associated genes and signaling pathways are yet to be deciphered. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were computed based on gene expression profiles from GSE32018, GSE56315, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) DLBC. Overlapping DEGs were then evaluated for gene ontology (GO), pathways enrichment, DNA methylation, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis as well as survival analysis. Seventy-four up-regulated and 79 down-regulated DEGs were identified. From PPI network analysis, majority of the DEGs were involved in cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways. Six hub genes including CDC20, MELK, PBK, prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), PCNA, and CDK1 were selected using the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE). CDC20 and PTGDS were able to predict overall survival (OS) in TCGA DLBC and in an additional independent cohort GSE31312. Furthermore, CDC20 DNA methylation negatively regulated CDC20 expression and was able to predict OS in DLBCL. A two-gene panel consisting of CDC20 and PTGDS had a better prognostic value compared with CDC20 or PTGDS alone in the TCGA cohort (P=0.026 and 0.039). Overall, the present study identified a set of novel genes and pathways that may play a significant role in the initiation and progression of DLBCL. In addition, CDC20 and PTGDS will provide useful guidance for therapeutic applications.
Effect of electrodes material on transient currents in dielectric liquid
Authors: Beldjilali Abdeslem , Saidi‐Amroun Nadia , Mansour Mahdi , Saidi Mohamed 
Published: November 2018

In this study, results of polarisation and depolarisation currents measured on an insulating liquid are presented. The goal is to contribute to a better understanding of mechanisms occurring at the metal–liquid contact. Electrodes of different metallic nature are associated with the same mineral oil, the metal/liquid/metal structure is submitted to DC voltages and the transient current is recorded with a high sensitive electrometer. The current versus time feature shows that the conduction process is in good compliance with the metal work function rather than with its electric conductivity. The current versus field characteristics indicate a predominance of the ohmic behaviour for the low fields. The space charge limited conduction regime appears as soon as the electrical constraint exceeds ∼1 MV/m, which corresponds to 10% of the breakdown voltage. Schottky injection is suspected to occur from the metal into the liquid since the applied fields are uniform and non‐extremely intensified.