bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and management of atrial fibrillation using remote monitoring
Authors: Hickey Kathleen T. , Riga Teresa C. , Mitha Shazia A. , Reading Meghan J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common dysrhythmia encountered in the United States. Symptoms may be similar to those of other cardiac conditions, which can delay the timely detection, diagnosis, and management of AF. This article provides an overview of AF and modalities used in remote monitoring.
ADHD
Authors: Wesemann Daniel , Van Cleve Susan N. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects approximately 11% of children between the ages of 4 and 17 years. This article discusses performing a comprehensive assessment for ADHD, the use of validated tools to make an accurate diagnosis, physical exam findings that may be suggestive of certain conditions, and ADHD treatment options.
Adolescent use of electronic nicotine delivery systems
Authors: Vincent Debra , Potts Jeanne , Durbin Jessica , Moore Jill M. , Eley Susan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract:
Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems is flourishing among adolescents. The long-term effects have not been fully determined; however, literature suggests there is potential for significant harm. Providers must be aware of usage trends, device safety, and product knowledge. Adolescents should be evaluated through routine screening, and cessation counseling should be initiated.
Bibliometric Analysis of Gender Authorship Trends and Collaboration Dynamics Over 30 Years of Spine 1985 to 2015
Authors: Brinker Alexander R. , Liao Jane L. , Kraus Kent R. , Young Jocelyn , Sandelski Morgan , Mikesell Carter , Robinson Daniel , Adjei Michael , Lunsford Shatoria D. , Fischer James , Kacena Melissa A. , Whipple Elizabeth C. , Loder Randall T. 
Published: February 2018

Study Design.
A bibliometric analysis.

Objective.
The aim of this article was to study bibliometric changes over the last 30 years of Spine. These trends are important regarding academic publication productivity.

Summary of Background Data.
Inflation in authorship number and other bibliometric variables has been described in the scientific literature. The issue of author gender is taking on increasing importance, as efforts are being made to close the gender gap.

Methods.
From 1985 to 2015, 10-year incremental data for several bibliometric variables were collected, including author gender. Standard bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Trends over time were assessed by the Cochran linear trend. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results.
Inclusion criteria were met for 1566 manuscripts. The majority of the manuscripts were from North America (51.2%), Europe (25.2%), and Asia (20.8%). The number of manuscripts, authors, countries, pages, and references all increased from 1985 to 2015. There was a slight increase in female first authors over time (17.5% to 18.4%, P = 0.048). There was no gender change over time for corresponding authors (14.3% to 14.0%, P = 0.29). There was an 88% increase in the percentage of female first authors having male corresponding authors (P = 0.00004), and a 123% increase in male first authors having female corresponding authors (P = 0.0002). The 14% to 18% of female authors in Spine is higher than the ∼5% female membership of the Scoliosis Research Society and North American Spine Society.

Conclusion.
Manuscripts in Spine over the past 30 years have shown a significant increase in the number of authors, collaborating institutions and countries, printed pages, references, and number of times each manuscript was cited. There has been a mild increase in female first authorship, but none in corresponding authorship. Increases in female authorship will likely require recruitment of more females into the discipline rather than providing females in the discipline with authorship opportunities.

Level of Evidence: N/A
Relationships Between Meibomian Gland Loss and Age, Sex, and Dry Eye
Authors: Pult Heiko 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
This study evaluated relationships between meibomian gland loss (MGL) and age, sex, and dry eye.

Methods:
Dry eye and MGL of the lower eyelid was evaluated from 112 randomly selected subjects (66 women; mean age 62.8; SD ±15.7; and age range: 19–89 years) from Horst Riede GmbH, Weinheim, Germany. In addition, subjects were grouped into dry eye and non–dry eye by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, lid-parallel conjunctival folds and non-invasive break-up time. Symptoms were evaluated by the OSDI. Meibography of the lower eyelid was performed using a Cobra camera (bon Optic, Lübeck, Germany), and images were analyzed by its digital grading tool. Data were analyzed by backward, multiple regression analyses and Pearson correlation.

Results:
Analyzing all subjects, multiple regression analyses detected that age and dry eye status (dry eye diagnosis or OSDI) but not sex were significantly related to MGL. In both, non–dry eye (n=66) and dry eye subjects (n=46), dry eye status (OSDI) but not age or sex was significantly related to MGL. Ocular Surface Disease Index scores were significantly correlated with MGL, but this correlation was stronger among all subjects (Pearson correlation; r=0.536, P<0.001) and dry eye group subjects (r=0.520, P<0.001) than in non–dry eye group subjects (r=0.275, P=0.014).

Conclusions:
Dry eye group subjects showed significantly increased MGL of the lower eyelid. Age and dry eye status were related to MGL of the lower eyelid, but sex was not; dry eye status was the dominant factor.
Comparison of the Lotrafilcon B and Comfilcon A Silicone Hydrogel Bandage Contact Lens on Postoperative Ocular Discomfort After Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Mohammadpour Mehrdad , Heidari Zahra , Hashemi Hassan , Asgari Soheila 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:
To compare the lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods:
One hundred twenty eyes of 60 patients who underwent PRK were included in this randomized clinical trial study. In the end of the surgery, the lotrafilcon B (Air Optix; Ciba Vision, Duluth, GA) was used in one eye and the comfilcon A (Biofinity; Coopervision, Fairport, NY) was used in the fellow eye randomly. Pain and discomfort were assessed on the first and third day after surgery by visual analogue scale.

Results:
The mean pain score was 3.75±3.32 and 4.47±3.60 on the first day (P=0.253) and 3.63±3.48 and 4.16±3.60 on the third day (P=0.416) after the use of the lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A, respectively. The results showed no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.823). The mean score of foreign body sensation was 4.31±3.38 and 5.49±3.04 on the first day (P=0.045) and 4.44±3.34 and 5.13±3.23 on the third day (P=0.250) after the use of the lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A, respectively. The comfilcon A lens caused a more severe foreign body sensation only on the first day. There was no significant difference in photophobia, epiphora, and blurred vision between the two lenses (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
Both lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses reduce clinical symptoms after PRK effectively. We found no difference in pain control and discomfort between them. However, the patients using the lotrafilcon B lens showed less foreign body sensation on the first day postoperatively.
Sensitization of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 and increasing its endogenous ligand 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid in rats with monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis
Authors: Hinata Mikie , Imai Sunao , Sanaki Takao , Tsuchida Junji , Yoshioka Takeshi , Higashino Kenichi , Yamamoto Miyuki , Imai Masayuki , Soga Masahiko , Horita Narumi , Fukuda Isao , Ikeda Minoru , Yamane Shoji , Morita Atsushi , Kanemasa Toshiyuki , Sakaguchi Gaku , Hasegawa Minoru , Minami Masabumi , Morioka Yasuhide 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) receptor modulates pain, and this has been noted in several animal models. However, the involvement of TRPV4 in osteoarthritic (OA) pain remains poorly understood. This study assessed the functional changes in TRPV4 and the expression of its endogenous ligand 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET) in a rat monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA pain model (MIA rats). Monoiodoacetate-treated rats showed reduced grip strength as compared to sham-treated rats, and this loss in function could be recovered by the intraarticular administration of a TRPV4 antagonist (HC067047 or GSK2193874). By contrast, the intraarticular administration of the TRPV4 agonist, GSK1016790A, increased the pain-related behaviors in MIA rats but not in sham rats. TRPV4 expression was not increased in knee joints of MIA rats; however, the levels of phosphorylated TRPV4 at Ser824 were increased in dorsal root ganglion neurons. In addition, 5,6-EET was increased in lavage fluids from the knee joints of MIA rats and in meniscectomy-induced OA pain model rats. 5,6-EET and its metabolite were also detected in synovial fluids from patients with OA. In conclusion, TRPV4 was sensitized in the knee joints of MIA rats through phosphorylation in dorsal root ganglion neurons, along with an increase in the levels of its endogenous ligand 5,6-EET. The analgesic effects of the TRPV4 antagonist in the OA pain model rats suggest that TRPV4 may be a potent target for OA pain relief.
Analysis of Football Injuries by Position Group in Division I College Football: A 5-Year Program Review
Authors: Krill Michael K. , Borchers James R. , Hoffman Joshua T. , Krill Matthew L. , Hewett Timothy E. 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate injury characteristics by position groups.

Design:
Prospective, observational study.

Setting:
A single, major Division I collegiate football program.

Participants:
All players on a collegiate football program each fall regular season.

Independent Variables:
Exposure to Division I collegiate football and position groups.

Main Outcome Measures:
Injury rates (IRs) per 1000 athlete exposures (AEs) and injury rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated and analyzed for all monitored injury variables, which included time in the season, body part, type of injury, game and practice injuries, mechanism of injury, and type of exposure.

Results:
During the 2012 to 2016 fall regular seasons, there were 200 reported injuries sustained from 48 615 AE. The overall 5-year IR was 4.11 per 1000 AEs (3.57-4.72 95% confidence intervals). Skill players sustained the highest IR in the preseason (IR, 7.56) compared with line (IR, 4.26) and other (IR, 4.10) position groups. In addition, skill players demonstrated a significantly higher IRR compared with the line (IRR, 1.75, P < 0.05) and other (IRR, 1.85, P < 0.05) position groups.

Conclusions:
Skill players sustained most of their injuries in the preseason, whereas the linemen and other position groups suffered most of their injuries in the first half of the regular season. Skill players demonstrated a significantly higher IR in preseason, noncontact mechanism injuries, and injuries to the upper leg and thigh compared with line and other position groups. Efforts to reduce soft-tissue muscle strains in skill players targeting the preseason may provide one of the best opportunities to significantly decrease current football IRs, whereas efforts to reduce contact exposures may have the greatest effect on concussions and contact mechanism injuries for the other position group. There were no significant differences in IRs between position groups and type of exposure.
Band 3 function and dysfunction in a structural context
Authors: Abbas Yazan M. , Toye Ashley M. , Rubinstein John L. , Reithmeier Reinhart A.F. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose of review
Current research on the human band 3 glycoprotein, the red cell chloride/bicarbonate anion exchanger (AE1), is highlighted and placed within a structural context.

Recent Findings
The determination of the crystal structure of the membrane domain of human band 3, the founding member of the solute carrier 4 (SLC4) family of bicarbonate transporters, is a major breakthrough toward understanding the mechanism of action of this membrane transport protein, its interaction with partner proteins, and how mutations linked to disease affect its ability to fold and function.

Summary
Band 3 contains 14 transmembrane segments arranged in a 7+7 transmembrane inverted repeat topology common to all members of the SLC4 family and the unrelated SLC26 anion transporter family. A functional feature of this fold is the presence of a core and a gate domain: the core domain contains two short transmembrane helices (TM3 and 10) that face each other in the middle of the membrane with the positive N-terminal helix dipoles creating the anion-binding site, whereas the gate domain forms the dimer interface. During transport, the movement of these two domains relative to each other provides the intracellular and extracellular compartments with alternating access to the central anion-binding site.
Friendly Faces
Authors: Marr Mollie , Horwitz Sarah M. , Gerson Ruth , Storfer-Isser Amy , Havens Jennifer F. 
Published: February 2018

Objectives
Pediatric mental health emergency department (ED) visits continue to rise with 19% to 62% of youth presenting to the ED ultimately returning for a mental health–related complaint. To better understand the needs of children returning to the ED, this study examines the clinical, demographic, and environmental factors associated with revisits to a dedicated child psychiatric ED.

Methods
Clinical factors, home environment, and mental health service utilization of 885 children presenting to a dedicated child psychiatric ED over a 1-year period were abstracted by retrospective chart review. Bivariate analyses comparing demographic and clinical characteristics for children with and without revisits and a multivariable logistic regression were performed.

Results
Of the children presenting to the ED, 186 (21.0%) had at least 1 revisit in the subsequent 180 days. Thirty-one percent of initial visits presented as urgent, 55% presented as emergent. Children presenting with more severe symptoms at their initial visit were more likely to return within 6 months. Female gender, suicidal and disruptive behavioral symptomatology, and a diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder were associated with repeat visits. Children with mental health system involvement were more likely to have revisits than those who were “treatment naive.”

Conclusions
Revisits to the ED are driven by both clinical factors, including severity and psychosocial complexity, and barriers to accessing services. Addressing the problem of return ED visits will require the development of a robust mental health service system that is accessible to children and families of all socioeconomic levels.
Effects of Hyaluronic Acid and Hydroxyapatite/Beta-tricalcium Phosphate in Combination on Bone Regeneration of a Critical-size Defect in an Experimental Model
Authors: Diker Nurettin , Gulsever Serap , Koroglu Taner , Yilmaz Akcay Eda , Oguz Yener 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HyA) is an outstanding new product in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HyA on bone regeneration in critical-size calvarial defects. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. In each rat, 4 critical-size defects received different treatments: no treatment (control); HyA; Graft; and HyA + Graft combination. New bone formation, defect closure, inflammation, vascular proliferation, immature bone formation, mature bone formation, and bone marrow existence were investigated based on histological findings. The healing parameters related to bone formation (new bone formation, defect closure, immature bone formation) were significantly higher in the HyA group compared with the control group. However, HyA alone was unable to induce sufficient bone regeneration compared with treatments involving graft materials (Graft and HyA + Graft). In the Graft and HyA + Graft groups, prominent enhancement of all healing parameters was noted. The present results demonstrate that HyA alone did not adequately enhance bone regeneration in critical-size defects. Moreover, addition of HyA to a biphasic alloplastic graft material did not result in improved regeneration compared with the graft material alone.
Location of the Septoaponeurosis Junction Relative to the Tarsal Plate in Upper Eyelids
Authors: Hwang Kun , Yoo Seong Kyung , Kim Dae Joong 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the location of the septoaponeurosis junction relative to the tarsal plate in the upper eyelids of Koreans through a histologic study.
Thirty-four upper eyelids from 34 Korean adult cadavers (mean age, 77.8 years) were used. Sagittal sections on the midpupillary line were made, and 10-μm-thick sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome. Under a magnifying loupe with a scale, the height of the tarsal plate (HTP), thickness of the tarsal plate (TTP), distance from the lid margin to the septoaponeurosis junction (MJD), and distance from the upper border of the tarsal plate to the septoaponeurosis junction (TJD) were measured.
The mean HTP was 8.09 ± 1.68 mm (range: 4.0–0.8 mm). The mean TTP was 1.52 ± 1.56 mm (range: 0.8–3.0 mm). The mean MJD was 9.18 ± 2.69 mm (range: 2.5–13.0 mm). The mean TJD was 1.1 ± 2.6 mm (range: −5.5–7.0 mm). In 25 (73.5%) of the 34 eyelids, the SAJ (1.1 ± 2.6 mm) was above the upper border of the tarsal plate (UTP); however, in 9 (26.5%) of the 34 eyelids, below the UTP. The greater the HTP, the greater the MJD was (y=0.620x+4.166, P = 0.024 [linear regression analysis]). However, there was no significant correlation between the HTP and TJD (P = 0.155 [correlation analysis]).
The results of this study provide a useful guide for performing operations involving the orbital septum and levator aponeurosis.
Facial Fracture-Associated Blindness
Authors: Béogo Rasmané , Coulibaly Toua Antoine , Dolo Mariam Traoré , Traoré Ibraima , Ouattara Balla , Diallo Jean Wenceslas 
Published: February 2018

Introduction:
Yet uncommon, blindness is a potential associated injury of facial fractures.

Methods:
Epidemiology, mechanisms, fracture types, and outcome of facial fractures-associated blindness in a 10-year period are retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Out of 907 facial fractures patients, 10 had blindness, giving a frequency of 1.1%. There were 9 men and 1 woman whom age range was 6 to 59 years (mean: 31.2 years). Intentional injury patients were significantly the most at risk of blindness (P = 0.02). In all the patients, the fracture involved at least 1 of the orbit walls. Risk of blindness was significantly higher in naso-fronto-orbito-ethmoidal complex fractures (P = 0.03). The vision loss was recorded in 13 eyes (unilateral in 7 patients and bilateral in 3). Its predominant mechanism was a globe rupture or perforation, recorded in 8 eyes. A treatment with intention to improve the vision was attempted in 1 patient only. None of the patients had vision recovery.

Discussion:
The findings of this study commend comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation in any patient with an orbit wall fracture.
High CRP Levels After Critical Illness are Associated With an Increased Risk of Rehospitalization
Authors: Grander Wilhelm , Koller Bernhard , Ludwig Christine , Dünser Martin W. , Gradwohl-Matis Ilse 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Chronic inflammation, even at subclinical levels, is associated with adverse long-term outcome.

Patients and Methods:
In this prospective, observational study, 66 critically ill patients surviving to hospital discharge were included. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined at hospital discharge, 1, 2, and 6 weeks after hospital discharge. All the patients were repeatedly screened for adverse events resulting in rehospitalization or death for 1.5 years.

Results:
After hospital discharge, over two-thirds of the patients exhibited elevated CRP levels (>2.0 mg/L). During the first week, CRP decreased compared with hospital discharge (P < 0.001) but did not change after week 1 (P = 0.67). Age (P = 0.24), surgical status (P = 0.95), or sepsis (P = 0.77) did not influence the CRP course. The latter differed between patients with (n = 15) and without (n = 51) adverse events (P = 0.003). CRP levels of patients without adverse events persistently decreased after hospital discharge (P = 0.03), whereas those of patients with adverse events did not (P = 0.86) but rebounded early.

Conclusions:
Plasma CRP levels in critically ill patients decreased during the first week after hospital discharge but remained unchanged during the subsequent 5 weeks. Over two-thirds of the patients exhibited elevated CRP levels compatible with chronic sub-clinical inflammation. Persistently elevated CRP levels after hospital discharge are associated with higher risk of rehospitalization.
Erlotinib Protects LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Inhibiting EGFR/TLR4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tao Huan , Li Na , Zhang Zhao , Mu Honglan , Meng Chen , Xia Huimin , Fu Lisha , Xu Younian , Zhang Shihai 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been reported to initiate the inflammatory response, but its activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine model of acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of EGFR in the LPS-induced murine model of ALI and explored whether its inhibitor erlotinib could affect the progression of lung injury. We first detected the phosphorylated EGFR (p-EGFR)/EGFR ratio at different time points after LPS stimulation, and then different concentrations of erlotinib were used to treat mice at 1 h before LPS stimulation and collected samples at the time point of the highest p-EGFR/EGFR ratio. Lung injury indicators were detected and compared among groups. EGFR and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction factors, including p-EGFR, p-AKT, p-ERK1/2, p-p65, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were measured with western blot. We found that the mice challenged with LPS suffered from the most serious lung injury at 24 h after LPS stimulation when the p-EGFR/EGFR ratio was relatively the highest. Erlotinib significantly diminished LPS-induced exudation of total cells, neutrophils, and proteins in BALF. Both the ELISA and western blot results showed that erlotinib attenuated the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-induced ALI in mice. Inhibition of EGFR by erlotinib downregulated the expression of p-p65 protein level as well as blocked the activation of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Taken together, erlotinib alleviated the LPS-induced ALI in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing EGFR activation and downregulating the NF-κB-mediated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.