bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: evolution strongly favoured over orientation
Authors: Klindt L , Alexander D M , Rosario D J , Lusso E , Fotopoulou S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A minority of the optically selected quasar population are red at optical wavelengths due to the presence of dust along the line of sight. A key focus of many red quasar studies is to understand their relationship with the overall quasar population: are they blue quasars observed at a (slight) inclination angle or do they represent a transitional phase in the evolution of quasars? Identifying fundamental differences between red and blue quasars is key to discriminate between these two paradigms. To robustly explore this, we have uniformly selected quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with mid-infrared counterparts, carefully controlling for luminosity and redshift effects. We take a novel approach to distinguish between colour-selected quasars in the redshift range of 0.2 &lt; z &lt; 2.4 by constructing redshift-sensitive g* − i* colour cuts. From cross-matching this sample to the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) survey, we have found a factor ≈ 3 larger fraction of radio-detected red quasars with respect to that of blue quasars. Through a visual inspection of the FIRST images and an assessment of the radio luminosities (rest-frame ${L_{\rm 1.4\, GHz}}$ and ${L_{\rm 1.4\, GHz}}/{L_{\rm 6\mu m}}$), we find that the radio-detection excess for red quasars is primarily due to compact and radio-faint systems (around the radio-quiet – radio-loud threshold). We show that our results rule out orientation as the origin for the differences between red and blue quasars and argue that they provide broad agreement with an evolutionary model.
The Random Transiter – EPIC 249706694/HD 139139
Authors: Rappaport S , Vanderburg A , Kristiansen M H , Omohundro M R , Schwengeler H M , Terentev I A , Dai F , Masuda K , Jacobs T L , LaCourse D , Latham D W , Bieryla A , Hedges C L , Dittmann J , Barentsen G , Cochran W , Endl M , Jenkins J M , Mann A 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
We have identified a star, EPIC 249706694 (HD 139139), that was observed during K2 Campaign 15 with the Kepler extended mission that appears to exhibit 28 transit-like events over the course of the 87-d observation. The unusual aspect of these dips, all but two of which have depths of 200 ± 80 ppm, is that they exhibit no periodicity, and their arrival times could just as well have been produced by a random number generator. We show that no more than four of the events can be part of a periodic sequence. We have done a number of data quality tests to ascertain that these dips are of astrophysical origin, and while we cannot be absolutely certain that this is so, they have all the hallmarks of astrophysical variability on one of two possible host stars (a likely bound pair) in the photometric aperture. We explore a number of ideas for the origin of these dips, including actual planet transits due to multiple or dust emitting planets, anomalously large TTVs, S- and P-type transits in binary systems, a collection of dust-emitting asteroids, ‘dipper-star’ activity, and short-lived starspots. All transit scenarios that we have been able to conjure up appear to fail, while the intrinsic stellar variability hypothesis would be novel and untested.
Impact of Weak Lensing Mass Calibration on eROSITA Galaxy Cluster Cosmological Studies – a Forecast
Authors: Grandis S , Mohr J J , Dietrich J P , Bocquet S , Saro A , Klein M , Paulus M , Capasso R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We forecast the impact of weak lensing (WL) cluster mass calibration on the cosmological constraints from the X-ray selected galaxy cluster counts in the upcoming eROSITA survey. We employ a prototype cosmology pipeline to analyze mock cluster catalogs. Each cluster is sampled from the mass function in a fiducial cosmology and given an eROSITA count rate and redshift, where count rates are modeled using the eROSITA effective area, a typical exposure time, Poisson noise and the scatter and form of the observed X-ray luminosity– and temperature–mass–redshift relations. A subset of clusters have mock shear profiles to mimic either those from DES and HSC or from the future Euclid and LSST surveys. Using a count rate selection, we generate a baseline cluster cosmology catalog that contains 13k clusters over 14,892 deg2 of extragalactic sky. Low mass groups are excluded using raised count rate thresholds at low redshift. Forecast parameter uncertainties for ΩM, σ8 and w are 0.023 (0.016; 0.014), 0.017 (0.012; 0.010), and 0.085 (0.074; 0.071), respectively, when adopting DES+HSC WL (Euclid; LSST), while marginalizing over the sum of the neutrino masses. A degeneracy between the distance–redshift relation and the parameters of the observable–mass scaling relation limits the impact of the WL calibration on the w constraints, but with BAO measurements from DESI an improved determination of w to 0.043 becomes possible. With Planck CMB priors, ΩM (σ8) can be determined to 0.005 (0.007), and the summed neutrino mass limited to ∑mν < 0.241 eV (at 95%). If systematics on the group mass scale can be controlled, the eROSITA group and cluster sample with 43k objects and LSST WL could constrain ΩM and σ8 to 0.007 and w to 0.050.
The quantity of dark matter in early-type galaxies and its relation to the environment
Authors: Nigoche-Netro A , Ramos-Larios G , Lagos P , de la Fuente E , Ruelas-Mayorga A , Mendez-Abreu J , Kemp S N , Diaz R J 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
We study the behaviour of the dynamical and stellar mass inside the effective radius of early-type galaxies (ETGs) as a function of environment considering Newtonian dynamics, different surface-brightness profiles, different initial mass functions (IMF), and different redshift ranges. We use several samples of ETGs – ranging from 19 000 to 98 000 objects – from the ninth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We assume that any difference between the dynamical and stellar mass is due to dark matter and/or a non-universal IMF. The main results, considering samples in the redshift range 0.0024 ≤ z ≤ 0.35, are as follows: (i) the amount of dark matter inside ETGs depends on the environment; (ii) ETGs in low-density environments span a wider dark matter range than ETGs in dense environments; (iii) the amount of dark matter inside ETGs in the most dense environments will be less than approximately 55–75 per cent of the dynamical mass; (iv) the accurate value of this upper limit depends on the impact of the IMF on the stellar mass estimation; (v) in the case of an ETG sample which is approximately complete for log(MVirial/MSun) > 10.5 and in the redshift range 0.04 ≤ z ≤ 0.08, we find that the amount of dark matter in the most dense environments will be less than approximately 60–65 per cent of the dynamical mass.
Mapping of scaffold/matrix attachment regions in human genome: a data mining exercise
Authors: Narwade Nitin , Patel Sonal , Alam Aftab , Chattopadhyay Samit , Mittal Smriti , Kulkarni Abhijeet 
Published: June 2019

AbstractScaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs) are DNA elements that serve to compartmentalize the chromatin into structural and functional domains. These elements are involved in control of gene expression which governs the phenotype and also plays role in disease biology. Therefore, genome-wide understanding of these elements holds great therapeutic promise. Several attempts have been made toward identification of S/MARs in genomes of various organisms including human. However, a comprehensive genome-wide map of human S/MARs is yet not available. Toward this objective, ChIP-Seq data of 14 S/MAR binding proteins were analyzed and the binding site coordinates of these proteins were used to prepare a non-redundant S/MAR dataset of human genome. Along with co-ordinate (location) details of S/MARs, the dataset also revealed details of S/MAR features, namely, length, inter-SMAR length (the chromatin loop size), nucleotide repeats, motif abundance, chromosomal distribution and genomic context. S/MARs identified in present study and their subsequent analysis also suggests that these elements act as hotspots for integration of retroviruses. Therefore, these data will help toward better understanding of genome functioning and designing effective anti-viral therapeutics. In order to facilitate user friendly browsing and retrieval of the data obtained in present study, a web interface, MARome (http://bioinfo.net.in/MARome), has been developed.
Role of Era in assembly and homeostasis of the ribosomal small subunit
Authors: Razi Aida , Davis Joseph H , Hao Yumeng , Jahagirdar Dushyant , Thurlow Brett , Basu Kaustuv , Jain Nikhil , Gomez-Blanco Josue , Britton Robert A , Vargas Javier , Guarné Alba , Woodson Sarah A , Williamson James R , Ortega Joaquin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAssembly factors provide speed and directionality to the maturation process of the 30S subunit in bacteria. To gain a more precise understanding of how these proteins mediate 30S maturation, it is important to expand on studies of 30S assembly intermediates purified from bacterial strains lacking particular maturation factors. To reveal the role of the essential protein Era in the assembly of the 30S ribosomal subunit, we analyzed assembly intermediates that accumulated in Era-depleted Escherichia coli cells using quantitative mass spectrometry, high resolution cryo-electron microscopy and in-cell footprinting. Our combined approach allowed for visualization of the small subunit as it assembled and revealed that with the exception of key helices in the platform domain, all other 16S rRNA domains fold even in the absence of Era. Notably, the maturing particles did not stall while waiting for the platform domain to mature and instead re-routed their folding pathway to enable concerted maturation of other structural motifs spanning multiple rRNA domains. We also found that binding of Era to the mature 30S subunit destabilized helix 44 and the decoding center preventing binding of YjeQ, another assembly factor. This work establishes Era’s role in ribosome assembly and suggests new roles in maintaining ribosome homeostasis.
Impact of the “Stoptober” Smoking Cessation Campaign in England From 2012 to 2017: A Quasiexperimental Repeat Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kuipers Mirte A G , West Robert , Beard Emma V , Brown Jamie 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Since 2012, England has an annual “Stoptober” campaign for collective smoking cessation. Our aim was to assess (1) overall impact of the Stoptober campaign on quit attempts over its first 6 years, (2) consistency of impact over the campaign years, and (3) the role of the campaign budget.

Methods
We used data of 51 399 adult smokers and ex-smokers in 132 repeat cross-sectional monthly surveys in England, 2007–2017. In a quasiexperimental design, adjusted logistic regression analyses compared past-month quit attempt rate between (1) October and other months in the year, between 2007–2011 and 2012–2017; (2) October and other months, across years 2012–2017; and (3) October and other months, between high-budget (2012–2015) and low-budget Stoptober campaigns (2016–2017). Bayes factors (BF) differentiated insensitive data and absence of an effect.

Results
(1) In 2012–2017, quit attempts were more prevalent in October versus other months (odds ratio [OR]: 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00 to 1.53), whereas similar in 2007–2011 (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.18; BF = 0.2); data were somewhat insensitive but supported this difference (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.75; BF = 2.1). (2) In 2012–2017, quit attempt prevalence ranged from 3.1% to 8.5% in October and 5.0% to 7.3% in other months. The difference between October and other months was large in 2012 (absolute unadjusted difference of 3.3%; OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.23 to 2.98) and 2015 (3.1%; OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.95), but small in 2013–2014 and 2016–2017 (0.36 &lt; BF &lt; 1.02). (3) Data were somewhat insensitive but supported interaction with campaign budget (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.92 to 2.44; BF = 2.2).

Discussion
In 2012–2017, there appears to have been an increase in past-month quit attempts during October in England. The increase was inconsistent across Stoptober campaigns and appears to have been greater when the campaign budget was higher.

Implications
Over the first 6 years of Stoptober campaigns, there appears to have been an overall increase in past-month quit attempts during October in England, and the data imply that a sufficiently high budget contributes to greater impact of the Stoptober campaign. These findings encourage the further spread of the Stoptober campaign to other countries. Future research should clarify how increased quit attempts as a consequence of Stoptober translate into quit success and which of Stoptober’s ingredients were most important in increasing quit attempts, especially among vulnerable groups.
Robot-Assisted Insular Depth Electrode Implantation Through Oblique Trajectories: 3-Dimensional Anatomical Nuances, Technique, Accuracy, and Safety
Authors: Bottan Juan S , Rubino Pablo A , Lau Jonathan C , MacDougall Keith W , Parrent Andrew G , Burneo Jorge G , Steven David A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The insula is a deep cortical structure that has renewed interest in epilepsy investigation. Invasive EEG recordings of this region have been challenging. Robot-assisted stereotactic electroencephalography has improved feasibility and safety of such procedures.

OBJECTIVE
To describe technical nuances of three-dimensional (3D) oblique trajectories for insular robot-assisted depth electrode implantation.

METHODS
Fifty patients who underwent robot-assisted depth electrode implantation between June 2017 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Insular electrodes were implanted through oblique, orthogonal, or parasagittal trajectories. Type of trajectories, accuracy, number of contacts within insular cortex, imaging, and complication rates were analyzed. Cadaveric and computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging 3D reconstructions were used to visualize insular anatomy and the technical implications of oblique trajectories.

RESULTS
Forty-one patients (98 insular electrodes) were included. Thirty (73.2%) patients had unilateral insular coverage. Average insular electrodes per patient was 2.4. The mean number of contacts was 7.1 (SD ± 2.91) for all trajectories and 8.3 (SD ± 1.51) for oblique insular trajectories. The most frequently used was the oblique trajectory (85 electrodes). Mean entry point error was 1.5 mm (0.2-2.8) and target error was 2.4 mm (0.8-4.0), 2.0 mm (1.1-2.9) for anterior oblique and 2.8 mm (0.8-4.9) for posterior oblique trajectories. There were no complications related to insular electrodes.

CONCLUSION
Oblique trajectories are the preferred method for insular investigation at our institution, maximizing the number of contacts within insular cortex without traversing through sulci or major CSF fissures. Robot-assisted procedures are safe and efficient. 3D understanding of the insula's unique anatomical features can help the surgeon to improve targeting of this structure.
Effects of Mental Health Disorders on Nursing Home Residents’ Nine-Month Pain Trajectories
Authors: Brennan Penny L , SooHoo Sonya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the key classes of nursing home residents’ nine-month pain trajectories, the influence of residents’ mental health disorders on membership in these classes, and nine-month health-related outcomes associated with pain trajectory class membership.MethodsFour times over a nine-month period, the MDS 3.0 resident assessment instrument was used to record the demographic characteristics, mental health disorder diagnoses, pain characteristics, and health and functioning outcomes of 2,539 Department of Veterans Affairs Community Living Center (VA CLC) residents. Growth mixture modeling was used to estimate the key classes of residents’ nine-month pain trajectories, the influence of residents’ mental health disorders on their pain trajectory class membership, and the associations of class membership with residents’ health and functioning outcomes at nine-month follow-up.ResultsFour-class solutions best described nursing home residents’ nine-month trajectories of pain frequency, severity, and interference. Residents with dementia and severe mental illness diagnoses were less likely, and those with depressive disorder, PTSD, and substance use disorder diagnoses more likely, to belong to adverse nine-month pain trajectory classes. Membership in adverse pain frequency and pain severity trajectory classes, and in trajectory classes characterized by initially high but steeply declining pain interference, portended more depressive symptoms but better cognitive and physical functioning at nine-month follow-up.ConclusionsNursing home residents’ mental health disorder diagnoses help predict their subsequent pain frequency, severity, and interference trajectories. This may be clinically useful information for improving pain assessment and treatment approaches for nursing home residents.
Current and future advances in genetic testing in systemic autoinflammatory diseases
Authors: Schnappauf Oskar , Aksentijevich Ivona 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are a group of inflammatory disorders caused by dysregulation in the innate immune system that leads to enhanced immune responses. The clinical diagnosis of SAIDs can be difficult since individually these are rare diseases with considerable phenotypic overlap. Most SAIDs have a strong genetic background, but environmental and epigenetic influences can modulate the clinical phenotype. Molecular diagnosis has become essential for confirmation of clinical diagnosis. To date there are over 30 genes and a variety of modes of inheritance that have been associated with monogenic SAIDs. Mutations in the same gene can lead to very distinct phenotypes and can have different inheritance patterns. In addition, somatic mutations have been reported in several of these conditions. New genetic testing methods and databases are being developed to facilitate the molecular diagnosis of SAIDs, which is of major importance for treatment, prognosis and genetic counselling. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest advances in genetic testing for SAIDs and discuss potential obstacles that might arise during the molecular diagnosis of SAIDs.
Clinical characteristics of rheumatic syndromes associated with checkpoint inhibitors therapy
Authors: Kostine Marie , Truchetet Marie-Elise , Schaeverbeke Thierry 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCompared with conventional cancer therapies, the spectrum of toxicities observed with checkpoint inhibitors is unique and can affect any organ system. Arthralgia and myalgia were by far the most commonly reported rheumatic immune-related adverse events in clinical trials, and there is now a growing number of case series and reports describing clinical features of de novo rheumatic immune-related adverse events, which will be the focus of this review. Some patients develop genuine classic rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, but a number of rheumatic immune-related adverse events mimic rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases with atypical features, mainly polymyalgia rheumatica, rheumatoid arthritis and myositis, as well as several systemic conditions, including sicca syndrome, vasculitis, sarcoidosis, systemic sclerosis and lupus.
Changes in skin score in early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis are associated with changes in global disease severity
Authors: Zheng Boyang , Nevskaya Tatiana , Baxter Carl A , Ramey Dena R , Pope Janet E , Baron Murray ,   Canadian Scleroderma Research Group, Pope Janet E , Baron Murray , Hudson Marie , Gyger Geneviève , Larché Maggie J , Khalidi Nader A , Masetto Ariel , Sutton Evelyn , Robinson David , Rodriguez-Reyna Tatiana S , Smith Doug , Thorne Carter , Fortin Paul R , Fritzler Marvin J , Pope Janet E , Baron Murray , Hudson Marie , Gyger Geneviève , Larché Maggie J , Khalidi Nader A , Masetto Ariel , Sutton Evelyn , Robinson David , Rodriguez-Reyna Tatiana S , Smith Doug , Thorne Carter , Fortin Paul R , Fritzler Marvin J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objective
To determine whether skin score changes are associated with changes in overall disease severity, function and quality of life in early dcSSc patients.

Methods
A total of 154 and 128 dcSSc patients from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group database with 1 and 2 year follow-up and a disease duration ⩽5 years without end-stage organ damage and/or significant comorbidity at the initial visit were included. Skin was assessed using the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) and disease severity by the summed Medsger disease severity score (DSS) (without skin domain), physician and patient global assessments, function [HAQ disability index (HAQ-DI)] and quality of life [36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) physical component summary (PCS)]. Analyses were repeated in patients with a disease duration ⩽3 years.

Results
At 2 years, 64 (50%) patients had improved skin (mRSS decrease of ⩾5 points and/or ⩾25%). Skin improvers had improved summed DSS (P = 0.002); better physician global assessments of disease activity, severity and damage (all P ⩽ 0.003); better HAQ-DI (P = 0.001) and SF-36 PCS (P = 0.005). Changes in the mRSS were positively correlated with changes in summed DSS (P = 0.006) and other disease outcomes. In the 26 (20.3%) patients with worsened skin (mRSS increase of ⩾5 points and/or ⩾25%), the summed DSS and physician global assessments were worse (P = 0.01 and P ⩽ 0.009, respectively). In the subgroup with a disease duration ⩽3 years, similar associations were found.

Conclusion
At 1 and 2 years, overall disease improvement parallels skin improvement in early dcSSc. This is important for prognosis and reflects the value of mRSS as an outcome measure in trials with these patients.
Arm swapping autograft shows functional equivalency of five arms in sea stars
Authors: Wakita Daiki , Aonuma Hitoshi , Tochinai Shin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractExtant echinoderms show five-part radial symmetry in typical shape. However, we can find some asymmetry in their details, represented by the madreporite position not at the center, different skeletal arrangement in two of the five rays of sea urchins, and a circular cavity formed by two-end closure. We suspect the existence of any difference in hidden information between the five. In our hypothesis, deep equivalency makes no issue in function even after exchanging the position of rays; otherwise, this autograft causes some trouble in behavior or tissue formation. For this attempt, we firstly developed a method to transplant an arm tip to the counterpart of another arm in the sea starPatiria pectinifera. As a result, seven arms were completely implanted—four into the original positions for a control and three into different positions—with underwater surgery where we sutured with nylon thread and physically prevented nearby tube feet extending. Based on our external and internal observation, each grafted arm (i) gradually recovered movement coordination with the proximal body, (ii) regenerated its lost half as in usual distal regeneration, and (iii) formed no irregular intercalation filling any positional gap at the suture, no matter whether two cut arms were swapped. We here suggest a deep symmetry among the five rays of sea stars not only in morphology but also in physiology, representing an evolutionary strategy that has given equal priority to all the radial directions. Moreover, our methodological notes for grafting a mass of body in sea stars would help echinoderm research involving positional information as well as immunology.