bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in facial temperature measured by digital infrared thermal imaging in patients after transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block
Authors: Kim Na Eun , Park Bumhee , Moon Yeo Rae , Lee Sook Young , Gil Ho Young , Kim Sunok , Lee Seryeon , Chang Hyuk Soo , Jeong Hae Won , Park Hyungbae , Lee A Ram , Ahn Soohwan , Kim Tae Kwang , Kim Ji Eun , Choi Jong Bum 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) is a technique developed in the 1990s for the management of head and neck pain patients. Recently, transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block (TN-SPGB) has been widely used for these patients; however, no objective methods exist for validating the success of TN-SPGB. In this study, we measured the changes in facial temperature before and 30 minutes after TN-SPGB by using digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) to validate its success.
The medical records of patients, who underwent TN-SPGB and facial DITI between January 2016 and December 2017, were reviewed. TN-SPGB and facial DITI were performed 36 times in 32 patients. The changes in facial temperatures measured at the forehead (V1), maxillary area (V2), and mandibular area (V3) by using DITI before and 30 minutes after TN-SPGB were recorded and compared. The temperatures on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of these areas were also compared. The comparison between pain relief group and pain maintenance group was analyzed.
After TN-SPGB, the temperature decreased significantly on both sides of V1 (P = .0208, 0.0181). No significant differences were observed between the ipsilateral and contralateral sides (P > .05). There was no correlation between changes in temperature and changes in pain score in the pain regions after the procedure (P > .05).
The temperature decreased significantly in V1 area at 30 minutes after TN-SPGB compared with the temperature before TN-SPGB. Based on these results, we propose using DITI to measure temperature changes as an objective method for verifying the success of TN-SPGB.
Effectiveness of music therapy with relaxation technique on stress management as measured by perceived stress scale: Retraction
Authors: Ogba Francisca N. , Ede Moses O. , Onyishi Charity N. , Agu Patricia U. , Ikechukwu-Ilomuanya Amaka B. , Igbo Janet N. , Egenti Nkechi , Manafa Ifeyinwa , Amoke Chijioke , Nwosu Nneka C. , Omeke Faith C. , Nwafor Bernedeth N. , Amadi Kingsley C. , Nwokenna Edith N. , Ugwoke Samuel C. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
Living in Nigerian environment is enough stress. In our time, many students could not cope with the stress of school environment like ours and others are still suffering from different health problems attributed to stress. Based on this, we investigated the effect of music therapy with relaxation technique on stress management among university students in southeastern Nigeria.

Methods:
Participants for the study were 142 university students in the Southeastern Nigeria. Perceived stress scale (PSS) was used to measure the symptoms of stress. Statistical tool used was repeated measures with analysis of variance (ANOVA) to ascertain the effectiveness of music therapy with relaxation. Among other tools used was Partial η2 to examine the effect sizes and level of changes inthemanagement of stress across groups.

Results:
The finding indicated that there were no baseline differences in levels of stress management between participants in the treatment and waitlist control conditions. Results revealed significant improvement in stress management for participants in the music therapy with relaxation group, whereas the waitlist control group showed no significant change in their score over the same period. Furthermore, the positive effect of music therapy with relaxation was maintained at follow-up.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study suggest that the efficacy of music therapy with relaxation technique for improving the students’ stress management can be consistent at follow-up. Hence, music therapists, counsellors and psychotherapists should continue to investigate the beneficial effects of music therapy with relaxation on stress management among university students in every part of the world.
Green tea extract for treatment of cancers
Authors: Cheng Kai , Chi Nan-Nan , Liu Jun-Dong 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous clinical studies suggested that green tea extract (GTE) may benefit patients with a variety of cancers. However, its efficacy is still inconclusive. Thus, the objective of this study will systematically collate the clinical studies testing its efficacy and safety for cancers.

Methods:
We will perform a systematic review of clinical studies assessing the efficacy of GTE in variety of cancers. We will search Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDILINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) using a comprehensive strategy. We will also screen the reference lists of relevant studies to identify any additional studies for potential inclusion. All databases will be searched up to February 1, 2019. All eligible case-control studies and randomized controlled trials will be included in this study. Two independent authors will review all searched literature. Upon inclusion of trials, we will extract data by using a predefined standardized form. The risk of bias assessment will be evaluated by using Cochrane risk of bias tool. We will use RevMan 5.3 software to pool the data and carry out meta-analysis.

Results:
The primary outcome includes overall response rate. The secondary outcomes comprise of overall survival, progression-free survival, the disease control rate, and any adverse events.

Conclusions:
The results of this study will contribute to the understanding of the efficacy of GTE in the setting of cancers and promote future research of GTE in patients with cancers.

Dissemination and ethics:
The results of this systematic review are expected to be published through peer-reviewed journals. This study does not need ethic approval, because it does not utilize individual patient data.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019125111.
Managing Adult-onset Still's disease: The effectiveness of high-dosage of corticosteroids as first-line treatment in inducing the clinical remission. Results from an observational study
Authors: Ruscitti Piero , Cipriani Paola , Liakouli Vasiliki , Guggino Giuliana , Carubbi Francesco , Berardicurti Onorina , Ciccia Francesco , Giacomelli Roberto 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
To assess the effectiveness of the treatment with high dosage of corticosteroids (CCSs), as first-line therapy, in inducing remission in naïve Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) patients compared with low dosage of CCSs, after 6 months. To further evaluate the rate of patients maintaining the remission and the rate of CCSs discontinuation, after additional 12 months of follow-up.
A retrospective evaluation of patients prospectively followed was designed to compare the rate of clinical remission in naïve AOSD patients treated with high dosages of CCSs (0.8–1 mg/kg/day of prednisone-equivalent) or low dosage of CCSs (0.2–0.3 mg/kg/day of prednisone-equivalent), after 6 months. An additional analysis was performed to compare the rate of monocyclic pattern between these groups, after further 12 months of follow-up.
The clinical remission was achieved in a higher percentage of patients treated with the first-line treatment with high dosage of CCSs than treated the first-line treatment with low dosage of CCSs. At the end of 18 months of follow-up, a larger percentage of patients treated the first-line treatment with high dosage of CCSs was classified as monocyclic pattern and discontinued CCSs when compared with patients treated the first-line treatment with low dosage of CCSs. Patients defined as CCSs non-responder were treated with methotrexate (MTX)+CCSs or with combination therapy CCSs+MTX+biologic drug. The clinical remission was observed in a percentage of these patients.
We showed the effectiveness of the first-line treatment with high dosage of CCSs in inducing clinical remission in naïve AOSD patients when compared with the first-line treatment with low dosage of CCSs. The first-line treatment with high dosage of CCSs was also associated with the achievement of monocyclic pattern and CCSs discontinuation, after 18 months of follow-up.
Impaired neuromuscular control up to postoperative 1 year in operated and nonoperated knees after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jin Hyuck , Han Seung-Beom , Park Jong-Hoon , Choi Jae-Hyuk , Suh Dae Keun , Jang Ki-Mo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The current study was performed to assess serial changes in neuromuscular control until 1 year postoperatively in nonathletic patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).
Ninety-six patients were included. Serial neuromuscular control tests were performed preoperatively, at 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Neuromuscular control was evaluated using acceleration time (AT) and dynamic postural stability (overall stability index, OSI). Functional activity levels were assessed using the Tegner activity-level scale.
Preoperative AT of quadriceps and hamstrings in operated knees was 78.9 ± 6.4 and 86.5 ± 6.2 ms, respectively, which significantly reduced to 56.9 ± 2.0 and 62.5 ± 2.8 ms at 1 year (P = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively). In nonoperated knees, preoperative AT of quadriceps and hamstrings was 47.6 ± 1.7 and 56.5 ± 1.7 ms, respectively, which was significantly prolonged to 54.3 ± 2.0 and 67.9 ± 2.7 ms at 1 year (P = 0.02 and 0.001, respectively). Preoperative OSI of nonoperated knees was 1.2 ± 0.0°. It significantly increased to 1.5 ± 0.1° at 1 year (P < 0.001). In operated knees, preoperative OSI was 1.8 ± 0.1°. It significantly decreased to 1.4 ± 0.1° at 1 year (P = 0.001). Tegner scale at 6 months and 1 year were significantly lower than pre-operative scale (P < 0.001). AT and OSI on both knees showed significant negative correlation with Tegner scale at 6 months and 1 year.
Neuromuscular control in both knees was not restored to preoperative levels of the nonoperated knees until 1 year after ACLR. Therefore, clinicians and physical therapists should attempt to enhance neuromuscular control in both nonoperated and operated knees.
Congenital absence of the penis (aphallia)
Authors: Qiang Shuai , Li Feng Yong , Zhou Yu , Yuan Ye , Li Qiang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Absence of the penis, known as aphallia, is a very rare congenital anomaly. It is believed to be a result of either the absence of the genital tubercle or its failure to fully develop and is associated with the level of hormones and chromosomal rearrangements. The failure of the genital tubercle influences the development of the penis and partly depends upon testosterone secreted by Leydig cells of the testis. Chromosomal polymorphisms may affect the functions of protection and regulation, potentially leading to susceptibility to congenital diseases. Herein, an extremely rare case of a congenital absence of the penis is described.

Patient concerns:
A 3-month-old was brought to the OPD by his parents with complaints of absence of penis since birth and urine being passed rectally. When he was born, he was registered as a boy because his chromosomes were 46XY but with 9qh+. Local examination revealed the total absence of the penis. The scrotum was well developed. The testes were palpable bilaterally. The anal opening was located normally. No urethral orifice could be identified. However, his parents had not yet decided whether to accept treatment. The child has been lost to follow up.

Diagnosis:
Congenital absence of the penis (aphallia) (46 XY normal male karyotype).

Interventions:
We explained the nature of the abnormality and management options to the parents. However, it was much regretted that the patient was too young to make a decision and that his parents had not made a decision yet. They left without any further contact.

Outcome:
Because the parents left our hospital without any contact, it has not been possible to develop a follow-up plan.

Lessons:
In consideration of the rarity and devastating psychosocial consequences of this case, we accordingly call for active cooperation with doctors to minimize the negative impact of this malformation. Early assignment of gender avoids confusion and contradiction. Parental confidence solidifies the child's own confidence in his or her gender.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to Streptococcus suis in a 12-year-old girl
Authors: Liu Shuang-Shuang , Wang Yue , Xue Lu , Ma Cui , Li Chun-Huai 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome that can be caused by bacterial infection. Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause severe disease in both pigs and humans. We report the first-ever documented case of HLH secondary to S. suis infection.

Patient concerns:
A 12-year-old girl presented with fever, rash, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and elevated levels of ferritin and soluble CD25. Bone marrow examination revealed hemophagocytosis. Blood culture was positive for S. suis.

Diagnosis:
A diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome due to S. suis was established.

Interventions:
We treated the patient with intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous imipenem, and supportive care.

Outcomes:
The patient eventually showed complete recovery.

Lessons:
Inflammatory response plays an important role in S. suis infection. Aberrant inflammatory response to S. suis infection may induce HLH. This case report illustrates that early definitive diagnosis and prompt treatment is a key imperative in patients with suspected S. suis infection.
Acute pancreatitis with abdominal bloating and distension, normal lipase and amylase
Authors: Wang Yuan-Yu , Qian Zhen-Yuan , Jin Wei-Wei , Chen Ke , Xu Xiao-Dong , Mou Yi-Ping , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, and its correct diagnosis is an area of interest for clinicians. In accordance with the revised Atlanta classification, acute pancreatitis can be diagnosed if at least 2 of the following 3 criteria are fulfilled: abdominal pain; serum lipase (or amylase) activity at least 3 times the upper limit of normal; or characteristic findings of acute pancreatitis on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or, less often, magnetic resonance imaging or transabdominal ultrasonography. Diagnostic imaging is essential in patients with no or slight enzyme elevation. If enzymes are normal in cases with abdominal distension, there is clinical doubt about the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, so an early CT scan should be obtained and other life-threatening disorders excluded.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old male presented with a 1-day history of abdominal bloating and distension. On physical examination, abdominal bulging and mild epigastric tenderness were detected. Laboratory evaluation showed normal amylase and lipase. There was no abnormality on abdominal ultrasound or CT of the abdomen and pelvis. On the fourth day of admission, CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a hypodense lesion in the pancreas surrounded by a moderate amount of peripancreatic fluid.

Diagnoses:
In accordance with the revised Atlanta classification, acute pancreatitis was diagnosed, based on the presence of abdominal pain, and the results of the CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with fasting, gastrointestinal decompression bowel rest, intravenous rehydration, and somatostatin.

Outcomes:
After 2 days of treatment, his abdominal distension was significantly relieved, and the patient was discharged on the seventh day of admission. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient had no recurrence of pancreatitis.

Lessons:
This case of abdominal distension could not be explained by common causes, such as ascites, bowel edema, hematoma, bowel distension, or ileus, which led us to suspect pancreatitis.
Traumatic neuroma in mastectomy scar
Authors: Chen Wenyi , Zhang Huan , Huang Jiayan , Li Yixuan , Zhang Zhang , Peng Yulan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Traumatic neuroma is a reparative proliferative response of the nerve after trauma or surgery, which rarely occurs in the breast. However, it must be distinguished from tumor recurrence.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old woman underwent left-sided modified radical mastectomy for invasive carcinoma, 7 years before this case. Two painless nodules near the mastectomy scar were discovered in regular follow-up physical examination. A 62-year-old woman had received right-sided modified radical mastectomy for intraductal carcinoma, 4 years before this case. An asymptomatic nodule near the mastectomy scar was detected during follow-up ultrasound (US) examination.

Diagnosis:
The lesions in both patients were diagnosed as traumatic neuroma.

Interventions:
The first patient underwent excisional biopsy. The second patient underwent US guided core-needle aspiration, followed by conservative therapy.

Outcomes:
Neither patient complained of any discomfort, nor both exhibited normal physical and US findings during follow-up examinations.

Lessons:
Newly discovered nodules with the benign imaging features near the mastectomy site of a patient, especially with the tail sign, traumatic neuromas should be taken into consideration. Routine US examination is important for follow-up of breast cancer patients who have undergone mastectomy.
Acute myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Zhang Ting , Peng Bo , Tu Xiang , Zhang Shan , Zhong Sen , Cao Wenzhai 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the aorta and its major branches. Initial diagnosis is usually difficult due to the highly variable symptoms. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a very rare presentation in patients with TA. Moreover, the choice of early management for these patients is not well established.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old woman was taken to the Emergency Department of our hospital, presenting with a sudden onset and persistent retrosternal chest pain radiating to both upper extremities for 2 hours. Blood pressures were different between 2 arms with 151/115 mm Hg on the right arm and 140/100 mm Hg on the left arm.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with TA according to the medical history, physical examination, and vascular imaging.

Interventions:
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) was performed to restore the coronary flow of left anterior descending. Meanwhile, combination of oral glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents was administered to halt disease progression of TA.

Outcomes:
Chest pain was relieved without rest and exertional angina. The patient achieved long-term remission without symptom relapse during our follow-up.

Lessons:
Percutaneous coronary intervention was essential and effective in AMI of TA. Timely immunosuppressive therapy could improve the long-term outcome.
Primary yolk sac tumor originating from the endometrium
Authors: Song Liang , Wei Xiaoxia , Wang Danqing , Yang Kaixuan , Qie Mingrong , Yin Rutie , Li Qingli 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are malignant germ cell tumors that secrete alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). These tumors commonly develop in infants, young children, and young women and often originate in the gonads. Primary endometrial YST is a very rare malignancy, and a primary endometrial YST in the absence of abnormal AFP levels is even rarer.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old woman presented with the chief complaint of prolonged menstruation and increased menstrual bleeding with a duration of more than 2 months.

Diagnoses:
Postoperative pathology confirmed a diagnosis of endometrial YST with metastasis to the greater omentum (stage IVB).

Interventions:
The patient underwent a laparoscopic extrafascial hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, abdominal para-aortic lymphadenectomy, omentectomy, and appendectomy. Additionally, she received 6 courses of multidrug chemotherapy (bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin; BEP).

Outcomes:
After completing chemotherapy, the patient underwent regular follow-up examinations. No recurrence was noted during a 24-month follow-up period.

Lessons:
YST is mainly treated using surgery and chemotherapy, which may spare endocrine functions in young patients. The BEP regimen appears to be an effective postoperative chemotherapy regimen for patients with endometrial YST.
A novel case of global developmental delay syndrome with microdeletion at 10p14–p15.3 and microduplication at 18p11.31–p11.32
Authors: Zhang Danyan , Zhu Yijian , Feng Xuefei , Dai Limeng , Ma Mingfu , Li Lianbing , Guo Hong , Zhao Letian , Zhang Yuping , Bai Yun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
To characterize the etiology underlying a novel case of global developmental delay syndrome (GDDS) identified in a female child, aged 3 years old. This syndrome is a common pediatric presentation estimated to affect 3.65% of children aged 3 to 17 years.
The proband's detailed family history was used to infer a likely mode of inheritance for the GDDS. Genomic DNA samples collected from the proband and her parents were evaluated using conventional karyotyping, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), comparative genomic hybridization microarray (aCGH), and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis techniques.
An analysis of the proband's family history suggested that she inherited the GDDS from her father. The conducted conventional karyotyping and MLPA methods failed to identify a causative defect for the GDDS; however, the aCGH analysis revealed both a 6.6-Mb deletion at p14–p15.3 of chromosome 10 (arr[hg19]; 100,026–6,710,183), and a 6.3-Mb duplication at p11.31–p11.32 of chromosome 18 (arr[hg19]; 136,226–6,406,733) in the proband. The conducted FISH analysis subsequently determined that these mutations resulted from a balanced translocation t(10;18)(p15.3; p11.32) carried by the proband's father. Finally, a bioinformatic analysis of the proband's mutations revealed ZMYND11 as a promising candidate causative gene for this case of GDDS.
The present study demonstrates that the aCGH method can be used to effectively identify the location and approximate size of microdeletions and/or microduplications, but not balanced reciprocal translocations. The nonconventional analysis methods used in the present study may be applicable to other GDDS cases with elusive etiology, and likewise, ZMYND11 should be considered as a potential causative gene during the investigation of future GDDS cases.
Primary malignant mesothelioma of the diaphragm with liver invasion
Authors: Huang Wen-Jing , Li Zhi-Han , Wang Zhao , Yang Mai-Qing , Xu Hong-Tao 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant mesothelioma is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis, which usually originates in the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardial cavity. Mesotheliomas that originate from the diaphragm are very rare. Here, we report a case of primary malignant mesothelioma of the diaphragm with liver invasion.

Patient concerns:
A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a “liver space-occupying lesion,” without any special clinical symptoms. Imaging examinations suggested a cystic-solid mixed lesion in the right lobe of the liver.

Diagnosis:
The tumor was diagnosed as epithelioid mesothelioma of the diaphragm with liver invasion.

Intervention:
The patient underwent abdominal surgery in our hospital to remove the diaphragmatic mass, liver mass, and part of the diaphragm.

Outcomes:
The postoperative course was uneventful.

Lessons:
Primary diaphragmatic malignant mesothelioma is very rare and may involve liver or lung tissue and be mistaken for liver or lung tumor. Accurate diagnosis depends on careful pathological examination. Immunohistochemical staining is very useful to distinguish this tumor from other liver or diaphragmatic tumors.