bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of olive oil preparation for topical use in pressure ulcer prevention: Multicentre, controlled, randomised, and double‐blinded clinical trial
Authors: Díaz‐Valenzuela Antonio , García‐Fernández Francisco P. , Carmona Fernández PedroJ. , Valle Cañete M. Jesús , Pancorbo‐Hidalgo Pedro L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis non‐inferiority, multicentre, randomised, controlled, and double‐blinded clinical trial compared the therapeutic effectiveness of the topical application of an olive oil solution with that of a hyperoxygenated fatty acid compound for the prevention of pressure ulcers in at‐risk nursing home residents. The study population comprised 571 residents of 23 nursing homes with pressure ulcer risk, randomly assigned to a hyperoxygenated fatty acid group (n = 288) or olive oil solution group (n = 283). Both solutions were applied on at‐risk skin areas every 12 hours for 30 days or until pressure ulcer onset. The main outcome variable was the pressure ulcer incidence. The absolute risk difference was estimated (with 95% CI) using Kaplan‐Meier survival and Cox regression curves. The groups did not significantly differ in any study variable at baseline. The pressure ulcer incidence was 4.18% in the olive oil group vs 6.57% in the control group, with an incidence difference of −2.39% (95% CI = −6.40 to 1.56%), which is within the pre‐established non‐inferiority margin of ±7%, thus supporting the study hypothesis. We present the first evidence of the effectiveness and safety of the topical application of olive oil to prevent pressure ulcers in the institutionalised elderly.
The bolster technique utilising small intestinal submucosa wound matrix: A novel approach to wound treatment
Authors: Collini Francis J. , Stevenson Samantha C. , Hodde Jason P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractManaging acute wounds with soft tissue loss can be very challenging for both patients and physicians. Successful wound healing depends on several factors including exudate control, prevention of infection, and moisture balance. In this case series, we describe a novel combination treatment method utilising small intestinal submucosa wound matrix (SISWM) with the bolster technique as a way of assisting the integration of collagen‐based wound treatment products into the base of complex wounds with the intent of restoring a dysfunctional extracellular matrix. In case 1, a 44‐year‐old female presented with an acute wound resulting from a spider bite to the posterior aspect of the right knee. In case 2, a 12‐year‐old male sustained multiple injuries to his right foot from an all‐terrain vehicle accident. In case 3, an 80‐year‐old female on anticoagulants sustained an avulsion injury to her left lower leg. In case 4, a 41‐year‐old female sustained a severe complex avulsion injury to the dorsal left forearm sustained from a dog bite. All patients were successfully treated with SISWM and the bolster technique, and their wounds healed completely within 6 weeks. The bolster technique, when combined with an SISWM, is a novel method designed to enable the SISWM to impart its wound healing properties to these complex traumatic wounds. This case series presents treating clinicians with a different treatment methodology to assist the patient in achieving a successful outcome.
Combination therapy using non‐ablative fractional laser and intralesional triamcinolone injection for hypertrophic scars and keloids treatment
Authors: Shin Jongweon , Cho Jin Tae , Park Song I. , Jung Sung No 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCombinations of various treatment modalities were shown to be more effective than monotherapy when treating hypertrophic scars and keloids. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of combination therapy with non‐ablative fractional laser and intralesional steroid injection. From May 2015 to June 2017, a total of 38 patients with hypertrophic scars or keloids were evaluated. The control group of 21 patients received steroid injection alone, and 17 patients (the combined group) received 1550‐nm erbium‐glass fractional laser treatment and steroid injection simultaneously. The mean number of treatment sessions was statistically fewer in the combined group than in the control group (6.95 vs 5.47, P = .042). There was a significant difference in the patient's scale in the combined group (14.62 vs 22.82, P = .005); however, the observer's scale was not significantly different (17.92 vs 20.55, P = .549). The recurrence rate was 38.1% (8/21) in the control group and 35.3% (6/17) in the combined groups and showed no significant difference (P = .859). However, the mean remission period was statistically longer in the combined group (3.00 months vs 4.17 months, P = .042). Combination therapy with non‐ablative fractional laser and intralesional steroid injection showed better results for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids with fewer treatment sessions, better patient satisfaction, and longer remission periods.
Developing Water Leaders as Catalysts for Change: The Nebraska Water Leaders Academy
Authors: Burbach Mark E. , Reimers‐Hild Connie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractManaging water resources is increasingly complex and dynamic. Sustaining freshwater ecosystem services in the face of increasing challenges and emerging threats is a supreme leadership challenge. Leadership development program designers should look to social science theories and methods to prepare leaders to catalyze the change necessary to meet future challenges. This paper provides evidence that a new generation of water leaders is needed; and correspondingly, there is a need for new leadership development programs. The Nebraska Water Leaders Academy and its evaluation is presented as a case study of a successful program training leaders in social science‐based skills in order to produce catalysts of change. The Academy is theoretically grounded in transformational leadership, champions of innovation, civic capacity, and entrepreneurial leadership. The Academy employs a process‐based curriculum with developmental experiences that includes key components of assessment, challenge, and support. Formative assessment provides constructive feedback from participants and guides the development of future sessions and curriculum. Summative assessment is used to gauge participants’ leadership knowledge, skills, and behaviors, and evaluate the instructional methods used in the Academy. Results of pre‐ and post‐Academy assessments of participants from both the participants’ and raters’ perspectives indicate statistically significant increases in transformational leadership behaviors, champion of innovation behaviors, civic capacity, entrepreneurial leadership behavior, awareness of Nebraska water issues, and engagement with Nebraska water issues.
Using Social Science to Improve Outreach to Protect Endangered Aquatic Animals: The Case of Freshwater Mussels in Indiana
Authors: Bentlage Belyna M. , Esman Laura A. , Fisher Brant , Prokopy Linda S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFreshwater mussel populations in North America have been declining over the past two centuries due to a variety of land‐use changes and anthropogenic water quality degradation. The Tippecanoe River, located in northcentral Indiana, was once home to the world’s largest population of clubshell mussels. Currently, the river supports six federally listed species. The Indiana Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) partnered with Purdue University to design and implement an outreach and education campaign to raise awareness about and promote protection of these imperiled species. This article details how researchers used the principles of community‐based social marketing to create and evaluate the campaign. Lessons learned and recommendations for future campaigns are provided.
Assessing Principles of Good Governance: The Case of Lake Wausau, Wisconsin
Authors: Floress Kristin , Thompson Aaron , Fisher Cherie LeBlanc 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper describes how in‐depth interviews and content analysis of water‐related policies and plans were used to assess good governance principles (transparency, effectiveness, equity, accountability, and appropriate scale) for Lake Wausau in central Wisconsin. The purpose of the research was to support and inform development of a lake management plan. One of the key findings was that the existing system of water governance lacked transparency. In addition, responsibility for and benefits from potential improved lake conditions were distributed unevenly and inequitably among stakeholders. Local and county plans were vague and lacked strong language (e.g., “should” vs. “must” comply) to indicate which actions were required. Both barriers to and opportunities for creating a more effective system were identified. This paper offers suggestions for improving the governance system, discusses the limits of local watershed planning for overcoming watershed management issues, and provides suggestions for anyone wishing to undertake governance analyses to support water resources management.
Absence of estrogen receptor beta leads to abnormal adipogenesis during early tendon healing by an up‐regulation of PPARγ signalling
Authors: Bian Xuting , Liu Tianyao , Zhou Mei , He Gang , Ma Yuanyuan , Shi Youxing , Wang Yunjiao , Tang Hong , Kang Xia , Yang Mingyu , Gustafsson Jan‐Åke , Fan Xiaotang , Tang Kanglai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAchilles tendon injury is one of the challenges of sports medicine, the aetiology of which remains unknown. For a long time, estrogen receptor β (ERβ) has been known as a regulating factor of the metabolism in many connective tissues, such as bone, muscle and cartilage, but little is known about its role in tendon. Recent studies have implicated ERβ as involved in the process of tendon healing. Tendon‐derived stem cells (TDSCs) are getting more and more attention in tendon physiological and pathological process. In this study, we investigated how ERβ played a role in Achilles tendon healing. Achilles tendon injury model was established to analyse how ERβ affected on healing process in vivo. Cell proliferation assay, Western blots, qRT‐PCR and immunocytochemistry were performed to investigate the effect of ERβ on TDSCs. Here, we showed that ERβ deletion in mice resulted in inferior gross appearance, histological scores and, most importantly, increased accumulation of adipocytes during the early tendon healing which involved activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signalling. Furthermore, in vitro results of ours confirmed that the abnormity might be the result of abnormal TDSC adipogenic differentiation which could be partially reversed by the treatment of ERβ agonist LY3201. These data revealed a role of ERβ in Achilles tendon healing for the first time, thereby providing a new target for clinical treatment of Achilles tendon injury.
Influence of low‐pressure nonthermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma on chlorpyrifos reduction in tomatoes
Authors: Ranjitha Gracy Thirugnanasambandan Kalaivendan , Gupta Vidhi , Mahendran Radhakrishnan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the influence of nonthermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on chlorpyrifos reduction in tomatoes. As plasma contains highly reactive species and free radicals, it is expected to cause oxidative degradation of the target pesticide chlorpyrifos into its metabolites, thereby reducing the pesticide concentration. Tomatoes applied with three initial pesticide concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 ppm were subjected to DBD plasma of 2–5 W for the exposure of 4–6 min. The plasma‐treated and control samples were examined for the concentration of pesticide and the physicochemical attributes. The maximum reduction of 89.18% in the pesticide concentration was observed with 5 W at 6 min, which might be due to the intensified reactions of oxidative plasma species. This was further confirmed by GC–MS analysis, and the predominant metabolite of chlorpyrifos degradation, 3,5,6‐trichloro pyridinol (TCP) was identified in the treated sample. The physicochemical attributes except TSS and pH were also significantly (p < .05) influenced by the plasma treatments. Tomato color index (TI) was enhanced while firmness, bio yield point, carotenoids, and total phenolic contents were decreased considerably after plasma treatment. Thus, the cold plasma would be a promising nonthermal technique to degrade and reduce the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos in tomatoes.Practical applicationsThe present study investigates the potential of cold plasma technique to reduce the pesticide contaminant in the perishable commodity, which would result in a safer as well as intact freshness product. The discovered process conditions, that is, the plasma power of 5 W and the treatment time of 6 min giving maximum pesticide reduction would be efficient as well as economical to consider this method of decontamination as a feasible pretreatment. This would further facilitate its application in processing and distribution lines even on a large scale level to promise the consumers a benign product.
Heat capacities of ordinary chondrite falls below 300 K
Authors: Macke Robert J. , Opeil Cyril , Consolmagno Guy J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLow‐temperature specific heat capacities of meteorites provide valuable data for understanding the composition and evolution of meteorites and modeling the thermal behavior of their source asteroids. By liquid nitrogen immersion, we measured average low‐temperature heat capacities for 60 ordinary chondrite falls from the Vatican collection. We further characterized the temperature dependence of ordinary chondrite by direct measurement of Cp(T) over the range 5–320 K for five OC falls, coupled by composition‐based models for 94 ordinary chondrites. We find that the heat capacity as a function of temperature for typical ordinary chondrites can be closely approximated by a third‐order polynomial in temperature. Furthermore, those polynomial coefficients can be estimated from the single‐value average heat capacity measurement. These measurements have important implications for the orbital and spin evolution of S‐ and Q‐type asteroids via the various Yarkovsky effects and the thermal evolution of meteorite parent bodies.
Challenging feedback myths: Values, learner involvement and promoting effects beyond the immediate task
Authors: Molloy Elizabeth , Ajjawi Rola , Bearman Margaret , Noble Christy , Rudland Joy , Ryan Anna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractContextResearch suggests that feedback in the health professions is less useful than we would like. In this paper, we argue that feedback has become reliant on myths that perpetuate unproductive rituals. Feedback often resembles a discrete episode of an educator “telling,” rather than an active and iterative involvement of the learner in a future‐facing process. With this orientation towards past events, it is not surprising that learners become defensive or disengaged when they are reminded of their deficits.MethodsWe tackle three myths of feedback: (a) feedback needs praise‐criticism balancing rules; (b) feedback is a skill residing within the teacher; and (c) feedback is an input only. For each myth we provide a reframing with supporting examples from the literature.ConclusionsEquipping learners to engage in feedback processes may reduce the emotional burden on both parties, rendering techniques such as the feedback sandwich redundant. We also highlight the benefits for learners and teachers of conceptualising feedback as a relational activity, and of tracing the effects of information exchanges. These effects may be immediate or latent, and may manifest in different forms such as changes in learner evaluative judgement or professional identity.
Nrf2–Keap1 pathway–mediated effects of resveratrol on oxidative stress and apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide–treated rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes
Authors: Zhang Ye , Wang Gaoyuan , Wang Taorong , Cao Wei , Zhang Lixia , Chen Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResveratrol (Res) is a polyphenolic compound that has a variety of biological functions and activities. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of the antioxidant and proapoptotic effects of Res in H2O2‐treated rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (RA‐FLSs) by the Nrf2–Keap1 signaling pathway. We found that 5 µM H2O2 promoted cell proliferation and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in RA‐FLSs. However, Res could reverse these effects in 5 µMH2O2‐treated RA‐FLSs by (1) promoting expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), (2) reducing expression of Kelch‐like ECH–related protein 1 (Keap1), (3) inhibiting production of ROS and MDA, (4) blocking activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) p65, (5) inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, and (6) activating Bcl‐2/Bax to induce apoptosis. After lentiviral silencing of Nrf2 (siNrf2) mRNA expression in RA‐FLSs, Res addition did not increase the expression of Nrf2 or HO‐1 to reduce the production of mitochondrial ROS caused by 5 µM H2O2. Res reduced the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio, but siNrf2 reduced the ability of Res to promote apoptosis. We conclude that Res inhibits ROS production by activating the Nrf2 pathway, thereby inhibiting activation of NF‐κB and proliferation and migration of RA‐FLSs, to induce apoptosis. Targeting the Nrf2–Keap1 pathway may be a relevant aim of using Res in the treatment of RA.
Romantic competence behavior during problem solving among emerging adult dating couples: Development of an observational coding system
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Davila Joanne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study examined the hypothesis that romantic competence (RC) skills would be demonstrated behaviorally during dating couple problem solving interactions. A coding system was developed for RC behavior, and its validity was examined through its association with relationship satisfaction and negative affect expressed. A total of 106 emerging adult dating couples in different‐sex relationships were assessed using the Romantic Competence Interview for Emerging Adults, and they participated in a dyadic problem‐solving interaction coded for RC behavior and negative affect. Men's behavioral RC was positively associated with both his and his partner's satisfaction. Behavioral RC was also more associated with satisfaction than was negative affect. Implications for the utility of teaching RC skills in young couples are discussed.
On fundamental responsibility
Authors: Malmgren Anna‐Sara 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSome psychological states—paradigmatically, beliefs and intentions—are rationally evaluable: they can be rational or irrational, justified or unjustified. Other states—e.g. sensations and gastrointestinal states—aren't: they're a‐rational. On a familiar but hard‐to‐make‐precise line of thought, at least part of what explains this difference is that we're somehowresponsiblefor (having/being in) states of the former sort, in a way we're not for the others. But this responsibility can't be modeled on the responsibility we have for our (free, intentional) actions. So how should it be understood? In this paper I address that question. The overall shape of my answer is in line with tradition: I take the responsibility to be grounded in certain capacities forreflectionandcontrol. Answers in this family have recently been subjected to an interesting challenge. But the version I defend meets that challenge.
A coefficient identification problem for a mathematical model related to ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Wu Bin , Chen Qun , Yu Jun , Wang Zewen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe consider a coefficient identification problem for a mathematical model with free boundary related to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This inverse problem aims to determine the nutrient consumption rate from additional measurement data at a boundary point. We first obtain a global‐in‐time uniqueness of our inverse problem. Then based on the optimization method, we present a regularization algorithm to recover the nutrient consumption rate. Finally, our numerical experiment shows the effectiveness of the proposed numerical method.
Disparities in Modes and Content of Civic Engagement: An Analysis Using Data from the Current Population Survey
Authors: Shores Kenneth , Ben‐Porath Sigal , Jefferson Michael 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveWe describe disparities in civic engagement along two axes: the modal, describing the extent to which civic engagement is structured, and its content, describing the extent to which civic engagement has partisan objectives. Accordingly, this structure creates four domains of civic engagement: associational–partisan (e.g., voting), social–partisan (e.g., boycotting), associational–civic (e.g., participating in parent–teacher organizations), and social–civic (e.g., talking with neighbors).MethodUsing data from the Current Population Survey and item response theory methods, we generate civic engagement scores in each of these domains for as many as 35,618 U.S. respondents.Results and ConclusionsSimilar to prior studies, income and educational attainment are associated with large disparities in civic engagement across all domains. However, in contrast to prior studies, young Americans are not outpacing older Americans in social–partisan engagement; rather, older Americans are more engaged in every sector of engagement we measure.
A Prior High-Intensity Exercise Bout Attenuates the Vascular Dysfunction Resulting From a Prolonged Sedentary Bout
Authors: Garten Ryan S. , Scott Matthew C. , Zúñiga Tiffany M. , Hogwood Austin C. , Fralin R. Carson , Weggen Jennifer 
Published: September 2019

Background: This study sought to determine the impact of an acute prior bout of high-intensity interval aerobic exercise on attenuating the vascular dysfunction associated with a prolonged sedentary bout. Methods: Ten young (24 ± 1 y) healthy males completed two 3-hour sessions of prolonged sitting with (SIT-EX) and without (SIT) a high-intensity interval aerobic exercise session performed immediately prior. Prior to and 3 hours into the sitting bout, leg vascular function was assessed with the passive leg movement technique, and blood samples were obtained from the lower limb to evaluate changes in oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase) and inflammation (interleukin-6). Results: No presitting differences in leg vascular function (assessed via passive leg movement technique-induced hyperemia) were revealed between conditions. After 3 hours of prolonged sitting, leg vascular function was significantly reduced in the SIT condition, but unchanged in the SIT-EX. Lower limb blood samples revealed no alterations in oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, or inflammation in either condition. Conclusions: This study revealed that lower limb vascular dysfunction was significantly attenuated by an acute presitting bout of high-intensity interval aerobic exercise. Further analysis of lower limb blood samples revealed no changes in circulating oxidative stress or inflammation in either condition.