bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of Static and Adaptive Screeners to Assess Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior
Authors: Calear Alison L. , Batterham Philip J. , Sunderland Matthew , Carragher Natacha 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to use a 23‐item bank of self‐reported symptoms of suicidal thoughts and behaviors to develop new brief measures of suicide risk using data‐driven methods. Collectively referred to as the Rapid Measurement Toolkit for Suicidality (RMTS), the new brief static and adaptive measures would allow more efficient screening for suicide risk in clinical and research settings.MethodData for the current study consist of 3,175 Australian adults who form the development sample and 3,755 Australian adults who form the validation sample. Both samples were independently recruited online using Facebook advertisements. Item response theory (IRT) was applied to the 23‐item suicide item bank to develop a brief static dimensional measure and to simulate various computerized adaptive algorithms.ResultsA 5‐item brief static dimensional screener was developed, which performed as well as the commonly used Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire‐Revised (SBQ‐R), with marginally greater sensitivity and more information across the continuum of suicidality. An adaptive screener required a mean of 6.2 items and correlated 0.98 with the full item bank.ConclusionsThe RMTS provides reliable and valid brief static and adaptive screeners for the measurement of suicide risk in community, research, and clinical settings.
Solar‐induced dorsal skin necrosis in sheep
Authors: García Juan A. , Romero Agustín , Uzal Francisco A. , Tarigo Laura , Affolter Verena K. , Dutra Fernando 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundSolar‐induced thermal burns of dark skin over the dorsum have been reported in dogs, sheep and a pig.ObjectivesThis report describes an outbreak of solar‐induced thermal burns over the dorsal skin of criollo and Texel sheep in Uruguay.Animals and methodsCross‐bred criollo and pure‐bred Texel adult ewes from a flock of 80 animals presented with severe skin lesions. Eight animals were evaluated clinically and skin biopsy specimens were collected from three ewes for histopathology. Epidemiological data were collected.ResultsBlack/brown criollo sheep presented with extensive, wide, linear dorsal skin necrosis extending from the interscapular to the lumbosacral area. Necrotic skin was firm, dry and largely detached from the underlying subcutis. Nonpigmented Texel sheep showed milder lesions with rapid re‐epithelialization and healing. Histological features were consistent with third‐degree burns, characterized by full‐thickness coagulative necrosis of epidermis and dermis, including blood vessels and adnexa. The cumulative incidence of the disease was 21% during the 30 days post‐shearing, affecting 50% of criollo and 7.4% of Texel sheep (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe findings are consistent with post‐shearing, sun‐induced thermal burns leading to dorsal skin necrosis. Risk factors include sunlight exposure during hot months after shearing, dark skin and obesity.
Boundedness and stabilization in a population model with cross‐diffusion for one species
Authors: Tao Youshan , Winkler Michael 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work studies the two‐species Shigesada–Kawasaki–Teramoto model with cross‐diffusion for one species, as given by

with positive parameters and , and nonnegative constants and . Beyond some statements on global existence, the literature apparently provides only few results on qualitative behavior of solutions; in particular, questions related to boundedness as well as to large time asymptotics in seem unsolved so far.In the present paper it is inter alia shown that if and is a bounded convex domain with smooth boundary, then whenever and are nonnegative, the associated Neumann initial‐boundary value problem for possesses a global classical solution which in fact is bounded in the sense that

Moreover, the asymptotic behavior of arbitrary nonnegative solutions enjoying the boundedness property is studied in the general situation when is arbitrary and no longer necessarily convex. If , then in both cases and , an explicit smallness condition on is identified as sufficient for stabilization of any nontrivial solutions toward a corresponding unique nontrivial spatially homogeneous steady state. If and , then without any further assumption all nonzero solutions are seen to approach the equilibrium (0,1). As a by‐product, this particularly improves previous knowledge on nonexistence of nonconstant equilibria of .
Assessing Additive Manufacturing Repeatability of Inherently Damped Nickel Alloy Components
Authors: Scott-Emuakpor Onome , George Tommy , Runyon Brian , Holycross Casey , Sheridan Luke , O'Hara Ryan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The repeatability of an additive manufacturing (AM) process that fabricates a unique specimen with inherent damping capability is explored. A laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique is used to additively manufacture nickel alloy components with the same geometry/dimensions. Key aspects to the manufacturing process such as scan strategy and build orientation are observed alongside damping performance. The results from forced-response testing show repeatable correlation between damping performance and modal response information. Furthermore, despite different scan strategies and build sequences, the results demonstrate that inherent damping repeatability is driven by the unique component geometry and has minimal sensitivity to manufacturing.
Robust Limit Cycle Generation in Nonlinear Dynamical Systems With Nominal Performance Recovery
Authors: Hakimi A. R. , Binazadeh T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a disturbance observer (DO)-based method for shaping robust limit cycles in a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The modified Lyapunov theorem is utilized to shape desirable limit cycles in the nominal system. Then, a high-gain filter is designed to robustify the controller and add the nominal performance recovery capability to it. It is proved that the trajectories of uncertain system coincide with those of the nominal system. The effective performance of the proposed controller is illustrated by simulation.
Bi-Material Re-Entrant Triangle Cellular Structures Incorporating Tailorable Thermal Expansion and Tunable Poisson's Ratio1
Authors: He Xiaobing , Yu Jingjun , Xie Yan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the bi-material triangle lattice cell, a new cellular structure, bi-material re-entrant triangle (BRT) cellular structure, is devised to incorporate tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and tunable Poisson's ratio (PR) properties by replacing the straight base of a triangle with two hypotenuse members. A general thermoelasticity equation to systematically build the relationship among the external force, the temperature load, and the deformation for planar lattice structures with bounded joints is derived and then embedded into a theoretical model for the devised BRT structure. Using assembled thermoelasticity equation, effective PR, Young's modulus, as well as CTE are computed. In order to guide designers to construct initial concepts, the design domain for coupling negative CTE and negative PR properties is plotted. The material-property-combination region that can be achieved by this cellular structure is determined within an Ashby material selection chart of CTE versus PR. Nine available combinations of CTE and PR properties are extracted and demonstrated with abaqus simulation.
A New Formulation for Establishing the Lateral Interaction Between Buried Steel Pipeline and Sandy Soil Subjected to Strike-Slip Faulting
Authors: Ashrafy Mohammad , TahamouliRoudsari Mehrzad , Hosseini Mahmood 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBuried pipelines are faced with and vulnerable to extreme hazards such as earthquakes, different types of faulting, and landslides. Generally, a buried pipeline is modeled as a beam on a series of springs, which represent the surrounding soil. To determine the specifications of these springs, the equations proposed by ASCE Guideline are usually used. Its accuracy was doubted by some recent studies. In this study, two full-scale tests simulating the effect of strike-slip faulting were initially carried out on 4 and 8-in. diameter steel pipes buried in compacted sandy soil. The displacement of the pipe was recorded directly at any moment, along its length. Then through optimization-based simulations, the specifications of the equivalent springs of the soil were calculated so that the deformation of the pipe along its length would be consistent with the experimental results. Then, based upon verified finite element models, a database of different parameters of buried pipes subjected to strike-slip faulting including the diameters and different burial depths was created. The results showed that the ASCE equations need modification at the condition of strike-slip faulting and so, based on the created database, a new form of the equations of lateral interaction between dense sandy soil and steel pipe in the presence of strike-slip fault was proposed.
Study on the Expansion Force of TWIP Steel Expandable Tubular in Solid Expandable Tubular Technology
Authors: Wang Shengkun , Huang Shengjun , Wang Minglei , Chen Gang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the expansion process of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel tubular undergoing the large circumferential plastic deformation in expandable tubular technology. The expansion process was performed by propagating a mandrel through the tubular mechanically. This paper aimed at developing the mathematical models to predict the expansion force required for the radial expansion of the TWIP steel tubular using the rigid-perfectly plastic model and the linear hardening rigid plastic model, respectively. The volume incompressible condition together with the Tresca yield criterion was used to describe the plastic behavior of the tubular material in the expansion process. Besides, the finite element analysis of the expansion process was developed using the commercial software abaqus to validate the theoretical results and determine the scope of application of the derived expansion force formula. Further to this, the effect of the process parameters, such as the expansion ratio, friction coefficient and the cone angle, on the expansion force was investigated. It was found that the expansion force difference of two models have similar variation trend. The accuracy and applicability of the expansion force formula using the linear hardening rigid plastic model improve as the expansion ratio increases and the expansion cone angle decreases.
Comparison of Additively Manufactured Louvered Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers
Authors: Bichnevicius Michael , Saltzman David , Lynch Stephen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) enables improved heat exchanger (HX) designs where performance is based on the achievable geometry. However, consequences of the AM process that affect HX performance such as increased surface roughness, dimensional tolerance issues, and defects like cracks may vary among identically designed AM parts due to AM machine settings. This paper experimentally compares the thermal and hydraulic performance of three AM HXs built using a traditionally manufactured, stamped aluminum oil cooler design. The AM HXs exhibited significantly higher air-side pressure drop and higher heat transfer rate than the traditional HX in large part due to increased AM surface roughness. Among AM HXs, one AM HX had notably higher heat transfer rate and air-side pressure drop due to poor print quality on the thin air-side fin features. The fin thickness among AM HXs also varied by about 15%, and there were only slight differences in surface roughness. This study indicates that functional HXs built using AM vary in performance even when the same digital model is used to print them and that AM HXs as a group can perform considerably differently than their traditional counterparts.
Numerical and Experimental Studies of Labyrinth Seal Aeroelastic Instability
Authors: Miura Toshimasa , Sakai Naoto 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A labyrinth seal is commonly used to decrease the flow leakage loss between rotating and static components in aero engines. It is susceptible to aeroelastic instability because of its low stiffness. The aim of this study was to establish methods to predict and suppress it effectively. To achieve this, both numerical and experimental investigations are conducted using ansyscfx and ansys mechanical. These solvers are coupled to simulate the flutter precisely. Also, to assess the accuracy of the simulation qualitatively and quantitatively, a test rig is built. In the first part of this study, the accuracy of the numerical method is confirmed for several test cases with different seal clearance variations. Flutter inception is evaluated in detail for various pressure ratios and rotation speeds. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental results. It is also confirmed that the aeroelastic instability is very sensitive to the seal clearance variations. These results show the same tendency as those in previous works. In the second part of this study, this paper tries to develop a flutter suppression method with higher leakage performance. This is achieved by changing the seal geometry. To detect the important geometric parameters, the contribution of each geometric component to aeroelastic instability is carefully analyzed. On the basis of this, the seal geometry is modified and its performance is evaluated. The optimized labyrinth seal shows good performance in terms of flow leakage and aeroelastic stability. Through this study, a new flutter suppression method is established.
Analysis of Wave Action Through Multiple Submerged Porous Structures
Authors: Khan Mohamin B. M. , Behera Harekrushna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWave interaction with multiple bottom-standing rectangular porous structures of different structural parameters is numerically modeled using the multidomain boundary element method and the matched eigenfunction expansion method, while assuming linear water wave theory. The sensitivity of wave reflection and transmission to the wave and structural parameters is analyzed with the objective to maximize wave energy attenuation. Different configurations of multiple structures are tested for maximizing the efficiency of dissipation. Furthermore, wave trapping by multiple porous structures near a sloping rigid wall is studied. Bragg resonance is observed in the case of wave scattering by multiple structures irrespective of wave and structural parameters and is found as proportional to the number of structures deployed. In addition, the study reveals that in the presence of multiple structures, due to more wave energy dissipation, wave transmission in the lee side of the structures is reduced significantly when compared with that observed for a single structure.
Fitness for Service Assessment of Cross Country Oil Pipelines Based on API 579 (Application of API 579 on ASME B 31.4)
Authors: Purnana Pradeep , Ibrahim Shiyas 
Published: July 2019

Pipelines are one of the safest forms of transportation for oil and gas. However, Pipelines may experience defects, such as corrosion, cracks during service period. Therefore, evaluation of these defects is very important in terms of assessment and for continued safe operation. Corrosion defects at the external surface of pipelines are often the result of fabrication faults, coating or cathodic protection issues, residual stress, cyclic loading, temperature or local environment (soil chemistry). In general, corrosion may occur in most pipes due to coating failure, and a pipe without any protective coating will experience external corrosion after some years. However, corrosion can occur on the internal surface of the pipeline due to contaminants in the products such as small sand particles.
At present, there are different assessment methods for different types of defects in pipelines. The most popular codes for defect assessment in oil and gas pipelines are RSTRENG, Modified B31G, BS 7910 and API 579. Besides these codes and methods, there are numerical programs, such as CorLAS, which have been used successfully for assessing crack flaws in Pipelines. RSTRENG and B 31G methods are very simple when compared with API 579. API 579 is very complex method of assessing defects but very useful for remaining life assessment of Pipelines.
In this paper corrosion defects like general metal loss, localized metal loss, pitting corrosion, other defects like dents, gouges, cracks, their remediation methods assessed based on API 579 method and our experience in Oil Pipelines. Since API 579 doesn’t cover cross country pipelines explicitly, we have made a research applying API 579 to ASME B31.4.
Even though, we have done research on all types of defects (Level 1 and Level 2 assessment), in this paper we have covered only General metal loss assessment.
Haziness in HSD: Temperature Effect on Soluble Water Content
Authors: Sanguley Leeladhar , Purohit Samarth 
Published: July 2019

Quality parameters in petroleum products HSD/SKO/MS are being ascertained on the basis of IS standards and accordingly every OMC produces petroleum product. These products are transferred from refinery to receiving terminals through, rail, road or cross country pipelines. In a particular instance, one of the pipeline fed location in BPCL were continuously getting Haziness in diesel batches.
This location was Kota terminal in Rajasthan state and the scenario was such that receipts taken through their MMBPL pipeline was Hazy in appearance. The hazy batches were required to keep ideal for almost 3–4 days to clear its appearance, however all other parameters were meeting the QC guidelines / IS standards.
The peculiar behavior depicted in HSD batches was only at their end pipeline location (Kota), on other intermediate locations at upstream of Kota location, the same HSD batches were passing the appearance test. The study was undertaken to know the root cause for such phenomenon and on the basis of RCA , corrective action were implemented for altering the manufacturing process of HSD.
Paleohydrology of southwest Nevada (USA) based on groundwater 234U/238U over the past 475 k.y.
Authors: Wendt Kathleen A. , Pythoud Mathieu , Moseley Gina E. , Dublyansky Yuri V. , Edwards R. Lawrence , Spötl Christoph 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Subaqueous calcite deposited on the walls of Devils Hole 2 cave (Nevada, USA) represents a unique archive for geochemical variations within the regional aquifer. Here, we present a 475,000-year record of initial 234U/238U activity ratios in delta notation (δ234U0). Results show a range in values from 1851–1616‰. Variations in δ234U0 coincide with interglacial-glacial cycles over the past 475,000 years. Maximum δ234U0 values correspond to the last five glacial intervals, during which southwest Nevada experienced cool, pluvial conditions. Minimum δ234U0 values correspond to interglacial intervals, during which this region experienced warm, arid conditions. We propose that an elevated water table during glacial periods inundated previously dry bedrock and basin sediments, thereby leaching excess 234U accumulated in these materials. We interpret Devils Hole 2 cave δ234U0 as a proxy for water-rock interactions in this regional aquifer, which is ultimately tied to the surface moisture conditions at recharge zones. The mechanism proposed here serves as a testable hypothesis and possible analogue for future subaqueous speleothem studies in similar hydrogeologic settings. Due to its unprecedented duration, the Devils Hole 2 cave δ234U0 record provides the first paleo-moisture record in southwest Nevada for marine isotope stages 10–12. In addition, high-precision δ234U measurements of modern groundwaters sampled from Devils Hole 2 cave are presented.
Quantifying different modes of the late Cenozoic shortening in the central Andes
Authors: Babeyko Andrey Y. , Sobolev Stephan V. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Since the late Miocene, the two main segments of the central Andean high plateau, Altiplano and Puna, demonstrate different styles and magnitudes of tectonic shortening. Through numerical simulation of thermomechanical processes, we show that different shortening modes—pure and simple shear accompanied by thin-or thick-skinned tectonics—might be controlled by strength of the foreland uppermost crust and by temperature of the foreland lithosphere. Mechanical weakening and failure of the thick Paleozoic sediments overlying the cold lithosphere in the Altiplano foreland at 13–9 Ma explains the transition from pure to simple shear shortening accompanied by broad thin-skinned thrusting, started before the major uplift of the plateau. However, the high strength of the uppermost crust combined with a relatively warm lithosphere results in the thick-skinned shortening typical for the foreland of the Puna. Failure of Paleozoic sediments in the Altiplano foreland significantly reduces the force required to shorten the lithosphere, which may be the reason for the increased bulk shortening rate in the late Miocene.
Formation of Martian outflow channels by catastrophic dewatering of evaporite deposits
Authors: Montgomery David R. , Gillespie Alan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Geological mapping based on topographic analysis of Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data, together with photointerpretation of Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) images and thermodynamic and heat-flow considerations, frame a new hypothesis for the formation of Martian outflow channels through catastrophic dewatering of evaporite deposits. MOLA transects across Valles Marineris show that the valley is located at the crest of a 3-km-high topographic bulge on the flank of the much larger Tharsis Rise. Interpretation of MOC images showing layered deposits within Valles Marineris as unconformably underlying Hesperian-age lava flows means that these thick deposits, thought to contain hydrous sulfates, were heated by an increased geothermal gradient due to development of Tharis. Increased temperatures adequate to dehydrate hydrous evaporites would trigger significant volumetric expansion and catastrophically release tremendous amounts of overpressured water.
From tectonically to erosionally controlled development of the Himalayan orogen
Authors: Thiede Rasmus C. , Arrowsmith J Ramón , Bookhagen Bodo , McWilliams Michael O. , Sobel Edward R. , Strecker Manfred R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Whether variations in the spatial distribution of erosion influence the location, style, and magnitude of deformation within the Himalayan orogen is a matter of debate. We report new 40Ar/39Ar white mica and apatite fission-track (AFT) ages that measure the vertical component of exhumation rates along an ∼120-km-wide NE-SW transect spanning the greater Sutlej region of northwest India. The 40Ar/39Ar data indicate that first the High Himalayan Crystalline units cooled below their closing temperature during the early to middle Miocene. Subsequently, Lesser Himalayan Crystalline nappes cooled rapidly, indicating southward propagation of the orogen during late Miocene to Pliocene time. The AFT data, in contrast, imply synchronous exhumation of a NE-SW–oriented ∼80 × 40 km region spanning both crystalline nappes during the Pliocene–Quaternary. The locus of pronounced exhumation defined by the AFT data correlates with a region of high precipitation, discharge, and sediment flux rates during the Holocene. This correlation suggests that although tectonic processes exerted the dominant control on the denudation pattern before and until the middle Miocene; erosion may have been the most important factor since the Pliocene.