bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
II. MEŞRUTİYET DÖNEMİNDE TRABZON’DA DERNEK FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: KÖKSAL Ülkü 
Published: May 2019

Osmanlı Devleti’nde dernekleşme faaliyetleri Tanzimat dönemi ile
başlayan değişim ve dönüşüme paralel olarak ortaya çıktı. II. Meşrutiyet’in
ilanı sonrasında sosyal ve kültürel açıdan oldukça hareketli bir dönemin
yaşandığı Trabzon vilayetinde çeşitli dernekler kuruldu. İttihat ve Terakki
Cemiyetinin etkin olduğu bu süreçte sosyal ve kültürel amaçlı kulüplerden
mesleki örgütlenmelere, yardım cemiyetlerinden spor kulüplerine kadar
çeşitlilik arz eden bu derneklerin bir kısmı İstanbul merkezli cemiyetlerin
şubeleri olarak faaliyet gösterirken bir kısmı da müstakil şekilde kuruldu.
Balkan Savaşları ve I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında topladıkları bağışlarla genel
merkeze destekte bulunan yardım dernekleri en ücra kaza ve nahiyelerde de
teşkilatlanarak halkın desteğine başvurdu. Sosyal ve kültürel amaçlı dernekler
bu alanda canlılık ve hareket katan örgütlenmelerdi. Derneklerin bir kısmı ise
belirli meslek gruplarına yönelik olup mesleki dayanışmayı hedefledi. Bu
çalışmada II. Meşrutiyet döneminde Trabzon’da kurulan derneklerin teşkilatlanma
ve faaliyetlerine yer verildi.
TRABZON MERKEZ VE İLÇELERİNDEKİ ÖNEMLİ TARİHİ YAPILAR
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şifa 
Published: May 2019

“Trabzon Merkez ve İlçelerindeki Önemli
Tarihi Yapılar”
adlı kitap Prof. Dr. Haşim Karpuz tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Trabzon
tarihiyle ilgili olan bu kıymetli eserin yazarı Prof. Dr. Haşim Karpuz, Konya
Karatay Üniversitesi, Sanat Tarihi Bölümü öğretim üyelerindendir. Yazar, söz
konusu eserinden başka Trabzon’un sosyal ve kültürel tarihiyle ilgili pek çok
kıymetli çalışmayı bilim dünyasına kazandırmıştır. Tanıtacağımız
eser; Önsöz, Sunuş, Giriş ve 4 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca, kitabın sonunda
Mustafa Reşat Sümerkan’ın “Trabzon’da
Kırsal Mimarlık” adlı çalışmasına yer verilmiştir. Okuyucunun ve
araştırmacıların yararlanmasını kolaylaştıracak
bir dizinle birlikte eser tamamlanmıştır.
Does Adding Transdermal Nitroglycerine to Other Therapies Used for Management of Left-sided Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs Speed the Resolution of Clinical Signs?
Authors: Stillion Jenefer R , Boysen Søren R 
Published: May 2019

<p><strong><strong>There is an erratum to this paper published in <em>Veterinary Evidence</em> Vol 3, Issue 1 (2018): <a id="pub-id::doi" href="/index.php/ve/article/view/168/220" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.18849/ve.v3i1.168</a></strong></strong></p><p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong></p><p>There is very weak veterinary clinical and experimental evidence based upon a limited number of studies to indicate that adding transdermal nitroglycerine to other therapies used for management of left-sided congestive heart failure in dogs speeds the resolution of clinical signs.</p><p> </p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />
Evaluating Leadership Competency in DNP Clinical Practice
Authors: Nordick Christina L. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundEvaluating the growth of leadership competencies of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) students in academic and organizational settings has been a challenge.ObjectiveThe purpose of developing a method of evaluating DNP student leadership focused on a strategy to assess DNP student growth in the areas associated with leadership and change.MethodsCompetencies of leadership that were evidenced based and effective in healthcare environments were employed as a basis for the leadership narrative. The resulting tool served both as structure for the student's development and as a method of instruction and evaluation in the academic setting.ResultsUsing a descriptive and experiential leadership narrative as one method of evaluation is an effective strategy for fostering DNP student leadership development in both the direct patient and system-focused settings. Moreover, the leadership narrative is easily generalizable and transferable in environments where growth in leadership and competency development is valued.ConclusionsThe process of developing leadership narratives is a transformational experience for the doctoral student and future nursing leader.Implications for NursingEasily incorporated into the DNP practicum structure and beyond, the leadership narrative is an effective method for formative and summative evaluation of DNP student leadership development. Moreover, consistent with the accrediting body for DNP education, the leadership narrative can be used as one method of demonstrating program effectiveness.
Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education in Community Health
Authors: Brown Keila , Lee Loretta T. , Selleck Cynthia 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundDiabetes self-management education (DSME) programs utilize a multidisciplinary, skills-based approach allowing participants to make self-management choices and follow a comprehensive plan of care, improving their glycemic control.ObjectiveThe purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the effectiveness of DSME on the reduction of hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) in overweight/obese community health center patients.MethodsThe free program met 2 hours weekly for 6 consecutive weeks. A retrospective chart review was conducted to compare baseline to post-session HgbA1c and BMI 12 weeks after completion of the program. Pre- and post-session surveys were also conducted to assess improved diabetes knowledge and confidence.ResultsMean HgbA1c decreased by 1.6% (p = .003) 12 weeks after completion of the program; however, BMI remained unchanged (p = .582). Diabetes knowledge and confidence also improved significantly following DSME (p = .000 and p = .001, respectively).ConclusionsThe study demonstrated that a reduction in HgbA1c levels and an increase in diabetes knowledge and confidence can occur in low income, community health center patients following participation in DSME.Implications for NursingCommunity health center patients who have access to free DSME can improve their health, self-efficacy, and diabetes self-management practices.
Best Practices of Assisted History Matching Using Design of Experiments
Authors: Li Boxiao , Bhark Eric W. , Gross (ret.) Stephen , Billiter Travis C. , Dehghani Kaveh 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAssisted history matching (AHM) using design of experiments (DOE) is one of the most commonly applied history-matching techniques in the oil and gas industry. When applied properly, this stochastic method finds a representative ensemble of history-matched reservoir models for probabilistic uncertainty analysis of production forecasts. Although DOE-based AHM is straightforward in concept, it can be misused in practice because the work flow involves many statistical and modeling principles that should be followed rigorously.In this paper, the entire DOE-based AHM work flow is demonstrated in a coherent and comprehensive case study that is divided into seven key stages: problem framing, sensitivity analysis, proxy building, Monte Carlo simulation, history-match filtering, production forecasting, and representative model selection. The best practices of each stage are summarized to help reservoir-management engineers understand and apply this powerful work flow for reliable history matching and probabilistic production forecasting.One major difficulty in any history-matching method is to define the history-match tolerance, which reflects the engineer's comfort level of calling a reservoir model “history matched” even though the difference between simulated and observed production data is not zero. It is a compromise to the intrinsic and unavoidable imperfectness of reservoir-model construction, data measurement, and proxy creation. A practical procedure is provided to help engineers define the history-match tolerance considering the model, data-measurement, and proxy errors.
Effectiveness of A Package of Folate-oriented Tertiary Interventions on Incidence of Fetus and Birth Defects: protocol for a single blind cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Mengru , Chen Xiaotian , Wang Dingmei , Ji Mi , Jiang Yuan , Dou Yalan , Ma Xiaojing , Sheng Wei , Huang Guoying , Yan Weili 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Birth defects are the main cause of fetal death, infant mortality and morbidity, as well as long-term disability in China. Though the etiology of birth defects remains unknown, many studies indicated that maternal key nutrition factors, especially maternal folate status during periconception period, played an important role in organogenesis, the incidence of neural tube defects, congenital heart diseases and some other birth defects. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of package of folate-oriented interventions during periconception on incidence reduction of fetus and birth defects.
Methods: This is a two-arm single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) in clinical settings. Twenty-two tertiary community health care centers will be randomly allocated to the intervention arm or control arm. Eligible women will be recruited before conception and receive folate-oriented tertiary intervention procedures in addition to the routine perinatal care (intervention arm), or only routine perinatal care (control arm) according to the national recommendation and guideline. The difference was the procedures to aware and ensure sufficient folate levels before conception in the intervention arm. The participants will be blinded to the allocation. Participants of the control arm will not be offered any information about the intervention procedures during the study period to prevent contamination. The composite primary outcome is defined as occurrence of fetus defects, still birth, and neonatal birth defects identified from the confirmation of pregnancy to 28 days after birth. Secondary outcomes include abortions, financial burden of fetus and birth defects, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, pregnancy weight gain (entire and early gestation), maternal body weight and HbA1c at and after 6 months of delivery and neonatal development.
Discussion: This trial will provide important evidence on the effectiveness of a package of folate-oriented tertiary interventions on the reduction of the incidence of fetus and birth defects compared to routine periconceptional and antenatal health care. This evidence is expected to impact policy making about improving primary prevention of birth defects in China.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03725878，Registered on 24 October 2018, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03725878?term=Huang+guoying&rank=2
Clinical diagnostic application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in children with severe pneumonia
Authors: Wang Heping , Lu Zhiwei , Bao Yaomin , Yang Yonghong , Groot Ronald de , Dai Wenkui , Jonge Marien I. de , Zheng Yuejie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Pneumonia is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Identification and characterization of pathogens that cause infections are crucial for accurate treatment and accelerated recovery of the patients. However, in most cases the causative agent cannot be identified partly due to the limited spectrum covered by current diagnostics based on nucleic acid amplification. Therefore, in this study we explored the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of children with severe pneumonia.
Methods: From April to July 2017, 32 children were hospitalized with severe pneumonia in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. Blood tests were conducted immediately after hospitalization to assess infection, oropharygeal swabs were collected to identify common pathogens. After bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were collected for further pathogen identification using standardized laboratory and mNGS.
Results: Blood tests were normal in 3 of the 32 children. In oropharygeal swabs from 5 patients Mycoplasma pneumoniae by qPCR, 27 cases showed negative results for common pathogens. In BALFs we detected 6 cases with Mycoplasma pneumoniae with qPCR, 9 patients with adenovirus by using a Direct Immunofluorescence Assay (DFA) and 4 patients with bacterial infections, as determined by culture, In 3 of the cases a co-infection was detected. In 15 cases no common pathogens were found in BALF samples, using the current diagnostics, while in all the 32 BALFS pathogens were identified using mNGS, including adenovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, cytomegalovirus andbocavirus.
Conclusions: mNGS can increase the sensitivity of detection of the causative pathogens in children with severe pneumonia. In addition, mNGS will give more strain specific information, will help to identify new pathogens and could potentially help to trace and control outbreaks. In this study we have shown that it is feasible to have the results within 24 hours, making the application of mNGS feasible for clinical diagnostics.
Investigating DSSAT: Bermudagrass Response to Nitrogen as Influenced by Soil and Climate
Authors: Woli P. , Rouquette F. M. , Long C. R. 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
The DSSAT perennial forage model predicted bermudagrass response to N reasonably well.The model prediction accuracy was linked mainly to soil water holding capacity.Bermudagrass production in the southern United States could be impacted by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation.The La Niña (El Niño) phase was associated with above (below) normal production.The impact of El Niño‐Southern Oscillation was greater on a soil with a coarser texture.
The perennial forage model in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) suite is a newly developed model. Studies involving the use of the forage model for predicting biomass production for a perennial grass such as bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] are few. By conducting a series of simulation investigations, we examined the DSSAT forage model for simulating ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass biomass response to N as affected by soil and climate variability in the southern United States. The simulation results indicated that the DSSAT forage model predicted the biomass response to N reasonably well. However, the accuracy of simulations was linked primarily to the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil used. A seemingly small difference in WHC, such as 0.03 mm mm−1, made a significant difference in the biomass response to N rate by a margin of about 3 Mg ha−1. These results indicated that providing more leverage to WHC than to the soil name, texture, or type being used for simulations could provide more accurate results. The simulations further indicated that bermudagrass production in the southern United States could be impacted by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with the La Niña and El Niño phases providing above‐normal and below‐normal production, respectively. The rate of increase in biomass with an increase in N rate was higher under La Niña than under El Niño. The impact of ENSO was greater on a soil with a coarser texture.
Assessing the Impacts of Climate Variability on Fertilizer Management Decisions for Reducing Nitrogen Losses from Corn Silage Production
Authors: Smith Ward , Grant Brian , Qi Zhiming , He Wentian , VanderZaag Andrew , Drury Craig F. , Vergè Xavier , Balde Hambaliou , Gordon Robert , Helmers Mathew J. 
Published: May 2019

There is an incentive for dairy farmers to maximize crop production while minimizing costs and environmental impacts. In cold climates, farmers have limited opportunity to balance field activities and manure storage requirements while limiting nutrient losses. A revised DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) model for simulating tile drainage was used to investigate fertilizer scenarios when applying dairy slurry or urea on silage corn (Zea mays L.) to examine N losses over a multidecadal horizon at locations in eastern Canada and the US Midwest. Management scenarios included timing (spring, fall, split, and sidedress) and method of application (injected [10 cm], incorporated [5 cm], and broadcast). Reactive N losses (NO3− from drainage and runoff, N2O, and NH3) were greatest from broadcast, followed by incorporated and then injected applications. Among the fertilizer timing scenarios, fall manure application resulted in the greatest N loss, primarily due to increased N leaching in non‐growing‐season periods, with 58% more N loss per metric ton of silage than spring application. Split and sidedress mineral fertilizer had the lowest N losses, with average reductions of 9.5 and 4.9%, respectively, relative to a single application. Split application mitigated losses more so than sidedress by reducing the soil pH shift due to urea hydrolysis and NH3 volatilization during the warmer June period. This assessment helps to distinguish which fertilizer practices are more effective in reducing N loss over a long‐term time horizon. Reactive N loss is ranked across 18 fertilizer management practices, which could assist farmers in weighing the tradeoffs between field trafficability, manure storage capacity, and expected N loss.Core Ideas
The impacts of climate variability were often greater than the impacts of fertilizer management.
Fall‐applied manure resulted in more N loss than spring‐applied, primarily from N leaching.
Lowest N loss occurred from split and sidedress urea at all three locations.
More NH3 volatilization and N2O losses occurred from organic fertilizer, but N leaching was similar.
Similar fertilizer management recommendations can be made across all three locations.
A Cross‐Validation of Statistical Models for Zoned‐Based Prediction in Cultivar Testing
Authors: Buntaran Harimurti , Piepho Hans‐Peter , Hagman Jannie , Forkman Johannes 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe principal goals of a plant breeding program are to provide breeders with cultivar information for selection purposes and to provide farmers with high‐yielding and stable cultivars. For that reason, multi‐environment trials need to be done to predict future cultivar yield, and a robust statistical procedure is needed to provide reliable information on the tested cultivars. In Sweden, the statistical procedure follows the tradition of modeling cultivar effects as fixed. Moreover, the analysis is performed separately by zone and level of fungicide treatment, and so the factorial information regarding cultivar × zone × fungicide combinations is not explored. Thus, the question arose whether the statistical method could be improved to increase accuracy in zone‐based cultivar prediction, since the cultivar recommendation is zone based. In this paper, the performance of empirical best linear unbiased estimation (E‐BLUE) and empirical best linear unbiased prediction (E‐BLUP) are compared using cross‐validation for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), in single‐year and multiyear series of trials. Data were obtained from three agricultural zones of Sweden. Several linear mixed models were compared, and model performance was evaluated using the mean squared error of prediction criterion. The E‐BLUP method outperformed the E‐BLUE method in both crops and series. The prediction accuracy for zone‐based yield was improved by using E‐BLUP because the random‐effects assumption for cultivar × zone interaction allows information to be borrowed across zones. We conclude that E‐BLUP should replace the currently used E‐BLUE approach to predict zone‐based cultivar yield.
Multistate Evaluation of Reduced‐Lignin Alfalfa Harvested at Different Intervals
Authors: Arnold Angela M. , Cassida Kimberly A. , Albrecht Kenneth A. , Hall Marvin H. , Min Doohong , Xu Xuan , Orloff Steve , Undersander Daniel J. , van Santen Edzard , Sulc R. Mark 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTNutritive value of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is limited by indigestible cell wall constituents, especially lignin. Commercially released genetically engineered alfalfa cultivars with reduced lignin (RL) concentration were developed recently by downregulation of the caffeoyl CoA 3‐O‐methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) enzyme in the lignin pathway. This research compared forage nutritive value and dry matter yield of a RL cultivar (‘HarvXtra‐008’) with non‐RL cultivars (‘54R02’ and ‘WL355RR’) across six states in the northern United States. A randomized complete block design with a split‐plot restriction on treatment randomization was used, where harvest intervals (28, 33, and 38 d) were assigned to whole plots and cultivars were the subplots. Harvest interval and cultivar effects were significant (P < 0.001) for all variables, and cultivars responded similarly across harvest intervals in that forage yield increased and nutritive value declined with increasing harvest interval. HarvXtra‐008 was consistently greater in forage nutritive value than non‐RL cultivars averaged across harvest intervals: it was 8.4% lower in acid detergent lignin, 3.5 to 7.5% lower in amylase‐treated neutral detergent fiber, and 5.3 to 7.7% greater in neutral detergent fiber digestibility, but 4.8 to 7.0% lower in dry matter yield. HarvXtra‐008 was slightly higher or similar in nutritive value and had similar or greater dry matter yield compared with non‐RL cultivars harvested on a harvest schedule 5 to 10 d earlier and more frequent. Thus, RL alfalfa can extend the time interval when it is possible to harvest forage with adequate fiber digestibility for animals with high energy requirements.
Evaluation of Soil Test Phosphorus Extractants in Idaho Soils
Authors: Dari Biswanath , Rogers Christopher W. , Leytem April B. , Schroeder Kurtis L. 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Bray‐1, Mehlich‐3, Haney–Haney–Hossner–Arnold, and Olsen‐P were compared on primarily alkaline calcareous soils.
Mehlich‐3 was correlated with the Olsen‐P extractant regardless of pH or inorganic C content.
Soil P testing is critical to ensure the accuracy of fertilizer recommendations and to optimize crop yield while minimizing negative environmental consequences. Olsen‐P is the most commonly used soil P test for alkaline calcareous soils found in Idaho and the western United States. The Bray‐1 test is commonly used in the Pacific Northwest on neutral to acidic soils but underestimates P in alkaline calcareous soils. Mehlich‐3 has been evaluated throughout various regions in the United States. Few data evaluating Mehlich‐3 exist for soils in the western United States. Additionally, the comparatively newly developed Haney–Haney–Hossner–Arnold (H3A) test, a component of the soil health tool, has not been widely evaluated on alkaline calcareous soils. Soil samples from the 0‐ to 30‐cm depth were collected from agricultural fields throughout Idaho and analyzed with Bray‐1, H3A, Mehlich‐3, and Olsen‐P extractants. The results indicate that Olsen‐P was correlated with Mehlich‐3, whereas Bray‐1 and H3A were not correlated with Olsen‐P. Both Bray‐1 and H3A resulted in lower values of extractable P than the Olsen‐P test, whereas Mehlich‐3 resulted in greater values. A threshold point in CaCO3 (i.e., inorganic C) of 6.7 and 5.1 mg kg‐1 for the Bray‐1 and H3A was obtained, respectively, which indicated that inorganic C concentrations at or above these levels resulted in a reduction in extractable soil P. Thus Mehlich‐3 could be evaluated for use in alkaline calcareous soils, whereas Bray‐1 and H3A have notable issues that would limit their applicability.