bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 clusters: C-type lectin receptors with fundamental roles in immunity
Authors: Malamud Mariano , Brown Gordon D 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ability of myeloid cells to recognize and differentiate endogenous or exogenous ligands rely on the presence of different transmembrane protein receptors. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), defined by the presence of a conserved structural motif called C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD), are a crucial family of receptors involved in this process, being able to recognize a diverse range of ligands from glycans to proteins or lipids and capable of initiating an immune response. The Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 clusters involve two groups of CLRs, with genes genomically linked within the natural killer cluster of genes in both humans and mice, and all characterized by the presence of a single extracellular CTLD. Fundamental immune cell functions such as antimicrobial effector mechanisms as well as internalization and presentation of antigens are induced and/or regulated through activatory, or inhibitory signalling pathways triggered by these receptors after ligand binding. In this review, we will discuss the most recent concepts regarding expression, ligands, signaling pathways and functions of each member of the Dectin clusters of CLRs, highlighting the importance and diversity of their functions.
Local translatome sustains synaptic function in impaired Wallerian degeneration
Authors: Paglione Maria , Restivo Leonardo , Zakhia Sarah , Llobet Rosell Arnau , Terenzio Marco , Neukomm Lukas J 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAfter injury, severed axons separated from their somas activate programmed axon degeneration, a conserved pathway to initiate their degeneration within a day. Conversely, severed projections deficient in programmed axon degeneration remain morphologically preserved with functional synapses for weeks to months after axotomy. How this synaptic function is sustained remains currently unknown. Here, we show that dNmnat overexpression attenuates programmed axon degeneration in distinct neuronal populations. Severed projections remain morphologically preserved for weeks. When evoked, they elicit a postsynaptic behavior, a readout for preserved synaptic function. We used ribosomal pulldown to isolate the translatome from these projections 1 week after axotomy. Translatome candidates of enriched biological classes identified by transcriptional profiling are validated in a screen using a novel automated system to detect evoked antennal grooming as a proxy for preserved synaptic function. RNAi-mediated knockdown reveals that transcripts of the mTORC1 pathway, a mediator of protein synthesis, and of candidate genes involved in protein ubiquitination and Ca2+ homeostasis are required for preserved synaptic function. Our translatome dataset also uncovers several uncharacterized Drosophila genes associated with human disease. It may offer insights into novel avenues for therapeutic treatments.
Determination of the focus point for measurements of the modulation transfer function MTF
Authors: Dierke Hanno , Schake Markus 
Published: October 2024

At PTB, a multi camera MTF measurement setup is developed for the traceable determination of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of objectives. In recent works the MTF of a reference objective is determined within the image field in an angular range of up to ±20° to the optical axis. For the investigation of angular dependency of the transfer function the MTF for a given spatial frequency is evaluated at a datum point. A common choice of the datum point is the focus point Pf.
There are different methods to obtain the focus point from the measurement data. In this contribution several approaches for the determination of the focus point are investigated and compared. In addition, owing to the temperature depending extension of the measurement setup the position of the focus point strongly depends on the ambient temperature. We present also some results of the investigations on the influence of temperature changes on the position of the focus point.
Plasmapheresis for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-induced hemolysis in infants
Authors: Budhu Gail , Morris-Whyte Kaydeen , Constantinescu Alexandru R. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Intravascular hemolysis is a known complication of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Characterized by elevated plasma-free hemoglobin (PFH), intravascular hemolysis is associated with cytotoxic effects leading to renal replacement therapy (RRT), longer ECMO runs, and mortality. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in tandem with ECMO was described as a therapy for various pathologic conditions, but there are no Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) guidelines for the treatment of ECMO-induced hemolysis. We describe the use of TPE in the management of severe ECMO-induced hemolysis. Methods: Two-term neonates receiving veno-arterial (VA) ECMO developed severe PFH, with peak values over 500 mg/dL. TPE was performed in tandem with the ECMO circuit. Packed red cells were used to prime the TPE circuit, and citrate anticoagulation was added to establish the interface, which could not be achieved with existing heparin in the ECMO circuit. Therapy was completed with saline solution as a decoy for citrate, to avoid hypocalcemia and intracranial bleeding. Plasma volume was replaced by fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Results: In one patient PFH fell to 120 mg/dL, but rebounded to close to 500 mg/dL, only to stabilize between 210 and 300 mg/dL after the second TPE. He was liberated from ECMO, but could not survive a respiratory decompensation. The other patient’s PFH improved to 360 mg/dL after one TPE and continued to decline to 120 mg/dL over the ensuing days. Despite that improvement, care was withdrawn. Conclusion: TPE is effective in decreasing the burden of PFH and is well tolerated in tandem with ECMO, and a database of infants with ECMO-induced hemolysis needs to be created to assess the current practice and establish clinical guidelines for its most appropriate therapy.
Finite element analysis of the knee joint: a computational tool to analyze the combined behavior after treatment of torn ligaments and menisci in the human knee joint
Authors: Vasiliadis Angelo V. , Giovanoulis Vasileios , Maris Alexandros , Chytas Dimitrios , Katakalos Konstantinos , Paraskevas George , Noussios George , Vassiou Aikaterini 
Published: October 2024

Finite element analysis (FEA) is a fundamental tool that can be used in the orthopaedic world to simulate and analyze the behaviour of different surgical procedures. It is important to be aware that removing more than 20% of the meniscus could increase the shear stress in the cartilage and enlarge the risk of knee joint degeneration. In this fact, the maximal shear stress value in the medial cartilage increased up to 225% from 0.15 MPa to 0.5 MPa after medial meniscectomy. Also, meniscal root repair can improve meniscal biomechanics and potentially reduce the risk of osteoarthritis, even in cases of a loose repair. FEA has been used to better understand the biomechanical role of cruciate ligaments in the knee joint. ACLr with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft at 60 N of pretension and double-bundle PCLr were closer to that of a native knee in terms of biomechanics. The addition of a lateral extra-articular augmentation technique can reduce 50% of tibial translation and internal rotation, protecting the graft and minimizing the risk of re-rupture. Interestingly, anatomic and non-anatomic medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction increased the pressure applied to the patellofemoral joint by increasing patellar contact pressure to 0.14 MPa at 30° of knee flexion using the semitendinosus as a graft. After all the advances in medical imaging technologies, future studies should take into consideration patient-specific data on both anatomy and mechanics, in order to better personalize the experimental model.
Genomic predictors of fat mass response to the standardized exercise
training
Authors: Yang Xiaolin , Li Yanchun , Bao Dapeng , Yan Bing , Mei Tao , Liu Xiaoxi , Cięszczyk Pawel , Ahmetov IldusI. , Mc Naughton LarsRobert , He Zihong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo explore the genetic architecture underlying exercise-induced fat mass change,
we performed a genome-wide association study with a Chinese cohort consisting of
442 physically inactive healthy adults in response to a 12-week exercise
training (High-intensity Interval Training or Resistance Training). The
inter-individual response showed an exercise-induced fat mass change and ten
novel lead SNPs were associated with the response on the level of
P<1×10−5. Four of them (rs7187742, rs1467243, rs28629770 and
rs10848501) showed a consistent effect direction in the European ancestry. The
Polygenic Predictor Score (PPS) derived from ten lead SNPs, sex, baseline body
mass and exercise protocols explained 40.3% of the variance in fat mass
response, meanwhile importantly the PPS had the greatest contribution. Of note,
the subjects whose PPS was lower than −9.301 had the highest response in
exercise-induced fat loss. Finally, we highlight a series of pathways and
biological processes regarding the fat mass response to exercise, e.g. apelin
signaling pathway, insulin secretion pathway and fat cell differentiation
biological process.
Symptomerleben und Coping-Strategien bei Patient*innen mit Primär
Biliärer Cholangitis: eine qualitative Interviewstudie im Rahmen von
SOMA.LIV
Authors: Hasenbank Nele , Buck Laura , Maehder Kerstin , Hartl Johannes , Löwe Bernd , Schramm Christoph , Toussaint Anne 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungPatient*innen mit Primär Biliärer Cholangitis (PBC) leiden unter einer Vielzahl
körperlicher Beschwerden wie Müdigkeit, Juckreiz oder Gelenkschmerzen. Da über
das Beschwerdeerleben und die entsprechenden Coping-Strategien in dieser
Patient*innengruppe bislang wenig bekannt ist, wurde eine qualitative
Interviewstudie durchgeführt, in der 15 Patient*innen mit PBC befragt wurden.
Die Patient*innen berichteten in ihrem Alltag durch zahlreiche Körperbeschwerden
belastet zu sein, die teilweise umfangreiche Bewältigungs- und
Anpassungsprozesse erfordern. Mit Hilfe der Thematischen Analyse konnten aus dem
Datenmaterial zwei übergeordnete Themen herausgearbeitet werden:
„Einschränkungen hinnehmen und Grenzen verschieben“ beschreibt die
Herausforderung der Patient*innen, eigene Belastungsgrenzen neu zu definieren
sowie Ansprüche und Erwartungen an die eigene Leistungsfähigkeit anzupassen.
„Normalität erhalten und neu orientieren“ beschreibt das Spannungsfeld zwischen
dem Wunsch nach Aufrechterhaltung von Normalität und der Herausforderung, die
Beschwerden als wahrnehmbare Anzeichen ihrer Erkrankung in das eigene Selbstbild
zu integrieren. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die zentrale Rolle körperlicher
Beschwerden im Alltag vieler Patient*innen mit PBC, die Komplexität des
Beschwerdeerlebens und die Herausforderungen im Umgang mit diesen Beschwerden.
Zudem unterstreichen sie die unterstützende und vermittelnde Funktion von
Behandler*innen bei der individuellen Symptombewältigung.
Acid-Catalyzed Condensation of Primary/Secondary Amines with 2-Oxo-2-aryl-N-arylethanethioamides: A Highly Regioselective Synthesis of α-Oxoamidines
Authors: Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S , Mantelingu Kempegowda , Honnabandar Kanaka Vijayashankar , Suresh Rajaghatta N , Kavya Kumar , Swaroop Toreshettahally R 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this letter, we present a synthesis of a-oxoamidines by the condensation of primary/secondary amines with N-aryl-α-oxothioamides catalyzed by benzoic acid in toluene at 80 °C. The required N-aryl-α-oxothioamide substrates were synthesized by the sodium hydride-induced condensation of aromatic amines with α-oxodithioesters. The amines reacted with high regioselectivity toward thiocarbonyl groups over carbonyl groups to afford α-oxoamidines. The present method overcomes the limitations of previously reported methods.
Fire severity and plant productivity recovery in a mixed grass prairie wildfire driven by extreme winds
Authors: Grover Sera A , Vera-Velez Roy , Guo Xulin , Lamb Eric G. 
Published: October 2024

Background Wildfire on rangelands in the mixed grassland can severely disrupt livestock operations. Understanding how fire severity impacts post-fire production recovery is important for grazing management. Aims We examined how topography and other environmental factors influence wildfire severity, or the consumption of biomass and exposure of soil, under extreme (>120 km h−1) wind conditions in native mixed grass prairie in western Canada. We also examined how variation in fire severity impacts grassland production recovery. Methods Fire severity and production recovery were measured using the bare soil index (BSI) and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI). Impacts of topography, wind exposure, and site capability on fire severity and production recovery were assessed using generalised additive models. Key results Fire severity varied as a function of slope, wind exposure and fuel load. Severity peaked at NDVI between 0 and 0.4, values associated with high litter content and minimal green vegetation. Interactions between slope and aspect with respect to dominant wind direction generated very high fire severity on slopes greater than 15° that faced into the wind. Production recovery increased moderately with higher fire severity and recovery was generally higher on sites with lower potential productivity. Implications Post-fire production recovery was rapid; fire severity and site capability had only modest impacts on recovery rates demonstrating the resilience of grassland ecosystems to even severe wildfire.
Interpreting technologized
Authors: Pöchhacker Franz , Liu Minhua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As an introduction to a selection of current research on the theme of interpreting and technology this article
offers an overview of the technologization of interpreting in the course of the past century, with particular emphasis on
developments during recent decades. The application of various types of technology in different professional domains and settings
is discussed with reference to the main functions of technology: enabling service delivery, assisting the process and replacing
human agency. A brief review of some (proto)typical applications of technology in different settings and modalities of interaction
then serves as a backdrop to a summary discussion of the technology-related literature to date and an introduction to the current
research presented in Interpreting 26:2 (2024).
Multispecies language landscapes
Authors: Lamb Gavin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Hawaiian monk seal is the most endangered of all pinnipeds (walruses, sea lions, and seals). The threat of
extinction has loomed large for these seals, especially as sea-level rise threatens to inundate their primary habitat, but an
alliance of conservation actors, from federal agencies to non-profit volunteer groups, are working to bring this species back from
the brink in Hawai‘i. Today, the monk seal population is finally beginning to recover, but as monk seals make a comeback and
reclaim busy beaches, new and unpredictable human relationships with monk seals are taking shape in an uncertain time of climate
change. Drawing on data from my ethnographic research of the monk seal-human contact zone in Hawai‘i, in this article, I explore
possibilities for a multispecies approach to linguistic and semiotic Landscape research that seeks to ‘multiply’ our understanding
of social life and meaning-making in public space as a rich, multispecies entanglement.
The influence of lattice anharmonicity on the thermal transport properties of two-dimensional MgF2
Authors: She Aixian , Zhao Yinchang , Ni Jun , Dai Zhenhong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Graphene research has ignited interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials. In addition to their unique electronic, mechanical, and optical properties, 2D materials exhibit distinctive thermal transport characteristics. A profound understanding of the microscopic mechanisms underlying the thermal transport properties of 2D materials is crucial for applications in energy conversion and storage devices. However, current studies lack insights into the influence of higher-order lattice anharmonicity on the transport behavior of 2D materials. Thus, this paper focuses on the 2D 1T phase MgF2, analyzing its microscopic thermal transport properties through an anharmonic lattice dynamics approach. Our methodology comprehensively accounts for the effects of quartic anharmonicity and four-phonon scattering on the thermal transport properties of 2D materials.
Scaling of HeatLMD-simulated impurity outflux from COMPASS-U liquid metal divertor
Authors: Horacek J. , Lukes S. , Jaulmes F. , Cecrdle J. , Tskhakaya D. , Komm M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The liquid metal divertor (LMD) concept offers a promising solution to manage extreme heat loads in plasma devices. This study presents predictive simulations using the HeatLMD model for the COMPASS-U tokamak with a full toroidal liquid metal divertor, expected to achieve reactor-relevant divertor heat flux densities. We derive the scaling of the Li|Sn outflux over 7 assumed independent parameters, transferable to other tokamaks. Its transport to LCFS (via ERO2.0) and its radiation (via Aurora and FACIT) predicts acceptably low lithium concentration and negligible plasma cooling. However, for tin, the medium power scenario requires backside cooling beyond the capability of the ITER-like water-cooled divertor, though a temporary heat absorber can approximate this for a 1 s plasma pulse. For incident divertor power exceeding 2 MW and strike point T
e < 10 eV, HeatLMD predicts significant tin plasma radiative disruption.
First principles investigation of elastic, electronic and thermoelectric properties of lead-free Cs–X–I (X = Pb, Gd, Nd, Y) perovskites
Authors: Alruqi Adel Bandar , Ongwen Nicholas O 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Perovskites have become the center of recent research for their possible application in perovskite solar cells, owing to their desirable optical and electronic properties, flexibility, tunability, and low–cost fabrication. Most of the perovskites are however made of lead, which is a highly poisonous element. It is therefore necessary to seek alternative perovskites for this application that are less toxic. This study investigated the elastic, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of Cs–X–I (X = Pb, Gd, Nd, and Y) as possible replacements to the leaded CsPbI3 due to their less toxic nature. The density functional theory was utilized in the computations, with quantum espresso and BoltzTrap packages. The results showed that all the materials were structurally stable. The computed mechanical properties also showed that all the other materials had better elastic constants compared to those of CsPbI3. CsPbI3 was observed to exhibit the lowest band gap, unlike the others. Moreover, the other materials possessed higher elastic constants, electrical conductivities, and lowest thermal conductivities, which are highly needed in the perovskite solar cells. However, an experimental treatment needs to be done on the studied structures in order to confirm the properties obtained in this work.
Fermion and boson pairs in beamsplitters and Mach–Zehnder interferometers
Authors: Hance Jonte R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this short topical review, we look at something typically considered trivial, but not given formally elsewhere—the behaviour of first multiple fermions, then multiple bosons, in a beamsplitter. Extending from this, we then describe the behaviour of multiple fermions and multiple bosons in Mach–Zehnder interferometers. We hope that by showing how to go from mathematically simple but unintuitive quantum field theory to a phenomenological description, this review will help both researchers and students build a stronger intuition for the behaviour of quantum particles.
Design and experimental evaluation of a non-contact ultrasonic motor using acoustic phase holography
Authors: Ghavami Namin Behzad , Hojjat Yousef 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Non-contact ultrasonic motors address certain limitations of conventional ultrasonic motors. However, they continue to have intricate designs and electronics. Acoustic holography has emerged as a technique for its flexibility and dynamicity in manipulating acoustic phase and amplitude patterns in the nearfield, offering a reduction in mentioned complexities. Therefore, this technique may find utility in the development of non-contact ultrasonic motors. This paper discusses a novel design for non-contact rotary ultrasonic motor using acoustic holography. Acoustic holographic technique modulates the acoustic phase to create a phase gradient, resulting in a rotary flow that drives the rotor in the interface of aqueous media and air. The motor’s performance is influenced by factors such as the acoustic pressure amplitude, the number of 0 to

2
π

pitches, and the rotor’s geometry. An empirical study using the Response Surface Method (RSM) identified an optimal number of pitches for maximum rotational speed at a constant voltage. The motor torque was measured by calculating the drag forces applied to the rotor blades. It was found that the minimum output torque occurs when the stator phase pitches match the rotor blades. The ideal motor performance is achieved with eight rotor blades and six phase pitches. The motor’s top speed reached 40 rpm, and the output torque varied around 0.1 μN.m, depending on the phase pitches and rotor blades. In summary, the research highlights the potential of acoustic holography in designing a non-contact ultrasonic motor, with specific configurations yielding optimal speed and torque.
Rapid parameter estimation for merging massive black hole binaries using continuous normalizing flows
Authors: Liang Bo , Du Minghui , Wang He , Xu Yuxiang , Liu Chang , Wei Xiaotong , Xu Peng , Qiang Li-e , Luo Ziren 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Detecting the coalescences of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is one of the primary targets for space-based gravitational wave observatories such as laser interferometer space antenna, Taiji, and Tianqin. The fast and accurate parameter estimation of merging MBHBs is of great significance for the global fitting of all resolvable sources, as well as the astrophysical interpretation of gravitational wave signals. However, such analyses usually entail significant computational costs. To address these challenges, inspired by the latest progress in generative models, we explore the application of continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) on the parameter estimation of MBHBs. Specifically, we employ linear interpolation and trig interpolation methods to construct transport paths for training CNFs. Additionally, we creatively introduce a parameter transformation method based on the symmetry in the detector’s response function. This transformation is integrated within CNFs, allowing us to train the model using a simplified dataset, and then perform parameter estimation on more general data, hence also acting as a crucial factor in improving the training speed. In conclusion, for the first time, within a comprehensive and reasonable parameter range, we have achieved a complete and unbiased 11-dimensional rapid inference for MBHBs in the presence of astrophysical confusion noise using CNFs. In the experiments based on simulated data, our model produces posterior distributions comparable to those obtained by nested sampling.