bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAT-TR-318-007: A Double-lined M Dwarf Binary with Total Secondary Eclipses Discovered by HATNet and Observed by K2*

†
Authors: Hartman J. D. , Quinn S. N. , Bakos G. Á. , Torres G. , Kovács G. , Latham D. W. , Noyes R. W. , Shporer A. , Fulton B. J. , Esquerdo G. A. , Everett M. E. , Penev K. , Bhatti W. , Csubry Z. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery by the HATNet survey of HAT-TR-318-007, a

period detached double-lined M dwarf binary with total secondary eclipses. We combine radial velocity (RV) measurements from TRES/FLWO 1.5 m and time-series photometry from HATNet, FLWO 1.2 m, BOS 0.8 m, and NASA K2 Campaign 5, to determine the masses and radii of the component stars:

,

,

, and

. We obtained a FIRE/Magellan near-infrared spectrum of the primary star during a total secondary eclipse, and we use this to obtain disentangled spectra of both components. We determine spectral types of

and

and effective temperatures of

and

for the primary and secondary star, respectively. We also measure a metallicity of [Fe/H]

for the system. We find that the system has a small, but significant, nonzero eccentricity of

. The K2 light curve shows a coherent variation at a period of

days, which is slightly longer than the orbital period, and which we demonstrate comes from the primary star. We interpret this as the rotation period of the primary. We perform a quantitative comparison between the Dartmouth stellar evolution models and the seven systems, including HAT-TR-318-007, that contain M dwarfs with

, have metallicity measurements, and have masses and radii determined to better than 5% precision. Discrepancies between the predicted and observed masses and radii are found for three of the systems.
Abundances in the Local Region. III. Southern F, G, and K Dwarfs
Authors: Luck R. Earle 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Stellar parameters and abundances have been derived from a sample of 907 F, G, and K dwarfs. The high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra utilized were acquired with the HARPS spectrograph of the European Southern Observatory. The stars in the sample with −0.2 < [Fe/H] < +0.2 have abundances that strongly resemble that of the Sun, except for the lithium content and the lanthanides. Near the solar temperature, stars show two orders of magnitude range in lithium content. The average content of stars in the local region appears to be enhanced at about the +0.1 level relative to the Sun for the lanthanides. There are over 100 planet hosts in this sample, and there is no discernible difference between them and the non-hosts regarding their lithium content.
The Effect of Toroidal Magnetic Fields on Solar Oscillation Frequencies
Authors: Kiefer René , Roth Markus 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Solar oscillation frequencies change with the level of magnetic activity. Localizing subsurface magnetic field concentrations in the Sun with helioseismology will help us to understand the solar dynamo. Because the magnetic fields are not considered in standard solar models, adding them to the basic equations of stellar structure changes the eigenfunctions and eigenfrequencies. We use quasi-degenerate perturbation theory to calculate the effect of toroidal magnetic fields on solar oscillation mean multiplet frequencies for six field configurations. In our calculations, we consider both the direct effect of the magnetic field, which describes the coupling of modes, and the indirect effect, which accounts for changes in stellar structure due to the magnetic field. We limit our calculations to self-coupling of modes. We find that the magnetic field affects the multiplet frequencies in a way that depends on the location and the geometry of the field inside the Sun. Comparing our theoretical results with observed shifts, we find that strong tachocline fields cannot be responsible for the observed frequency shifts of p modes over the solar cycle. We also find that part of the surface effect in helioseismic oscillation frequencies might be attributed to magnetic fields in the outer layers of the Sun. The theory presented here is also applicable to models of solar-like stars and their oscillation frequencies.
Full-data Results of Hubble Frontier Fields: UV Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 6–10 and a Consistent Picture of Cosmic Reionization
Authors: Ishigaki Masafumi , Kawamata Ryota , Ouchi Masami , Oguri Masamune , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Ono Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present UV luminosity functions of dropout galaxies at

with the complete Hubble Frontier Fields data. We obtain a catalog of ∼450 dropout-galaxy candidates (350, 66, and 40 at

, 8, and 9, respectively), with UV absolute magnitudes that reach

mag, ∼2 mag deeper than the Hubble Ultra Deep Field detection limits. We carefully evaluate number densities of the dropout galaxies by Monte Carlo simulations, including all lensing effects such as magnification, distortion, and multiplication of images as well as detection completeness and contamination effects in a self-consistent manner. We find that UV luminosity functions at

have steep faint-end slopes,

, and likely steeper slopes,

at

. We also find that the evolution of UV luminosity densities shows a non-accelerated decline beyond

in the case of

, but an accelerated one in the case of

. We examine whether our results are consistent with the Thomson scattering optical depth from the Planck satellite and the ionized hydrogen fraction Q
H ii
at

based on the standard analytic reionization model. We find that reionization scenarios exist that consistently explain all of the observational measurements with the allowed parameters of

and

for

, where

is the escape fraction, M
trunc is the faint limit of the UV luminosity function, and

is the conversion factor of the UV luminosity to the ionizing photon emission rate. The length of the reionization period is estimated to be

(for

), consistent with the recent estimate from Planck.
M101: Spectral Observations of H ii Regions and Their Physical Properties
Authors: Hu Ning , Wang Enci , Lin Zesen , Kong Xu , Cheng Fuzhen , Fan Zou , Fang Guangwen , Lin Lin , Mao Yewei , Wang Jing , Zhou Xu , Zhou Zhiming , Zhu Yinan , Zou Hu 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
By using the Hectospec 6.5 m Multiple Mirror Telescope and the 2.16 m telescope of the National Astronomical Observatories, of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we obtained 188 high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of

regions in the nearby galaxy M101, which is the largest spectroscopic sample of

regions for this galaxy so far. These spectra cover a wide range of regions on M101, which enables us to analyze two-dimensional distributions of its physical properties. The physical parameters are derived from emission lines or stellar continua, including stellar population age, electron temperature, oxygen abundance, etc. The oxygen abundances are derived using two empirical methods based on O3N2 and R
23 indicators, as well as the direct

method when

is available. By applying the harmonic decomposition analysis to the velocity field, we obtained a line-of-sight rotation velocity of 71

and a position angle of 36°. The stellar age profile shows an old stellar population in the galaxy center and a relatively young stellar population in outer regions, suggesting an old bulge and a young disk. The oxygen abundance profile exhibits a clear break at ∼18 kpc, with a gradient of −0.0364 dex kpc−1 in the inner region and −0.00686 dex kpc−1 in the outer region. Our results agree with the “inside-out” disk growth scenario of M101.
Shape of LOSVDs in Barred Disks: Implications for Future IFU Surveys
Authors: Li Zhao-Yu , Shen Juntai , Bureau Martin , Zhou Yingying , Du Min , Debattista Victor P. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The shape of line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) carries important information about the internal dynamics of galaxies. The skewness of LOSVDs represents their asymmetric deviation from a Gaussian profile. Correlations between the skewness parameter (h
3) and the mean velocity (

) of a Gauss–Hermite series reflect the underlying stellar orbital configurations of different morphological components. Using two self-consistent N-body simulations of disk galaxies with different bar strengths, we investigate

correlations at different inclination angles. Similar to previous studies, we find anticorrelations in the disk area, and positive correlations in the bar area when viewed edge-on. However, at intermediate inclinations, the outer parts of bars exhibit anticorrelations, while the core areas dominated by the boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulges still maintain weak positive correlations. When viewed edge-on, particles in the foreground/background disk (the wing region) in the bar area constitute the main velocity peak, whereas the particles in the bar contribute to the high-velocity tail, generating the

correlation. If we remove the wing particles, the LOSVDs of the particles in the outer part of the bar only exhibit a low-velocity tail, resulting in a negative

correlation, whereas the core areas in the central region still show weakly positive correlations. We discuss implications for IFU observations on bars, and show that the variation of the

correlation in the disk galaxy may be used as a kinematic indicator of the bar and the B/PS bulge.
Two-dimensional Core-collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport
Authors: O’Connor Evan P. , Couch Sean M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present results from simulations of core-collapse supernovae in FLASH using a newly implemented multidimensional neutrino transport scheme and a newly implemented general relativistic (GR) treatment of gravity. We use a two-moment method with an analytic closure (so-called M1 transport) for the neutrino transport. This transport is multienergy, multispecies, velocity dependent, and truly multidimensional, i.e., we do not assume the commonly used “ray-by-ray” approximation. Our GR gravity is implemented in our Newtonian hydrodynamics simulations via an effective relativistic potential that closely reproduces the GR structure of neutron stars and has been shown to match GR simulations of core collapse quite well. In axisymmetry, we simulate core-collapse supernovae with four different progenitor models in both Newtonian and GR gravity. We find that the more compact proto–neutron star structure realized in simulations with GR gravity gives higher neutrino luminosities and higher neutrino energies. These differences in turn give higher neutrino heating rates (upward of ∼20%–30% over the corresponding Newtonian gravity simulations) that increase the efficacy of the neutrino mechanism. Three of the four models successfully explode in the simulations assuming GREP gravity. In our Newtonian gravity simulations, two of the four models explode, but at times much later than observed in our GR gravity simulations. Our results, in both Newtonian and GR gravity, compare well with several other studies in the literature. These results conclusively show that the approximation of Newtonian gravity for simulating the core-collapse supernova central engine is not acceptable. We also simulate four additional models in GR gravity to highlight the growing disparity between parameterized 1D models of core-collapse supernovae and the current generation of 2D models.
Frequency, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome of Gastrointestinal Disease in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and Microscopic Polyangiitis
Authors: Eriksson Per , Segelmark Mårten , Hallböök Olof 
Published: February 2018

Objective.Involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a rare complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). The aim was to describe frequency, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of GI disease in a large series of patients in a single center.Methods.A database that includes all patients with GPA and MPA diagnosed since 1997 in a defined area of southeastern Sweden as well as prevalent older cases and tertiary referral patients was screened for patients with GI disease. Data were retrieved from the patient’s medical records, and GI manifestations of vasculitis were defined as proposed by Pagnoux,et alin 2005.Results.Fourteen (6.5%) of 216 consecutive patients with GPA/MPA had GI manifestations. Abdominal pain and GI bleeding were the most common symptoms. Radiology was important for detection of GI disease, while endoscopy failed to support the diagnosis in many patients. Because of perforation, 5 patients underwent hemicolectomy or small intestine resection. Primary anastomosis was created in 2/5 and enterostomy in 3/5 patients. One patient had a hemicolectomy because of lower GI bleeding. One sigmoid abscess was treated with drainage, and 1 intraabdominal bleeding condition with arterial coiling. Two patients died from GI disease. GPA and MPA patients with and without GI disease exhibited a similar overall survival.Conclusion.GI disease was found in 6.5% among 216 patients with GPA or MPA. Surgery was judged necessary only in cases with GI perforation or severe bleeding. Multidisciplinary engagement is strongly recommended.
Increased Levels of Soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1 Associate with Malignancy in Patients with Dermatomyositis
Authors: Chen He , Peng Qinglin , Yang Hanbo , Yin Liguo , Shi Jingli , Zhang Yamei , Wang Guochun 
Published: February 2018

Objective.To investigate the levels of soluble programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) and evaluate its association with malignancy in patients with dermatomyositis (DM).Methods.Levels of sPD-L1 were measured in serum from 88 DM patients without malignancies (sDM), 40 with cancer-related DM (CRDM), and 30 healthy controls (HC) using ELISA. The CRDM subjects were divided into new-onset cancers (nCRDM) and stable cancers (sCRDM). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff sPD-L1 value that distinguished patients with nCRDM from those who were sDM. Serum antitranscriptional intermediary factor 1-γ (TIF1-γ) antibodies were detected using immunoblot, and the diagnostic values for malignancy were compared with sPD-L1 levels in patients with DM.Results.Serum sPD-L1 levels were significantly higher in sDM [median 12.3 ng/ml, interquartile range (IQR) 8.4–16.2] than in HC (median 1.3 ng/ml, IQR 0.4–2.2, p = 0.0001). Extremely high sPD-L1 levels were seen in nCRDM (median 18.5 ng/ml, IQR 13.8–22.4), much higher than those in sCRDM (median 8.5 ng/ml, IQR 6.8–11.8, p = 0.0001). The sPD-L1 levels in 4 patients with nCRDM decreased after curative cancer treatment (p = 0.013). ROC curve analysis revealed that the sPD-L1 value distinguishing nCRDM from sDM was 16.1 ng/ml, with an area under the curve value of 0.72 ± 0.04 (p = 0.0001). The combination of sPD-L1 and anti-TIF1-γ antibodies yielded greater specificity and positive predictive value in diagnosing cancer, reaching values of 95% and 70%, respectively.Conclusion.Serum sPD-L1 levels increased significantly in sDM, and markedly high sPD-L1 levels could be a diagnostic indicator for malignancies in patients with DM, especially in those with anti-TIF1-γ antibodies.
Feasibility, Validity, and Reliability of the 10-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Short Form in Outpatients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kasturi Shanthini , Szymonifka Jackie , Burket Jayme C. , Berman Jessica R. , Kirou Kyriakos A. , Levine Alana B. , Sammaritano Lisa R. , Mandl Lisa A. 
Published: February 2018

Objective.To assess the feasibility, validity, and reliability of the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Short Form (PROMIS10) in outpatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods.SLE outpatients completed PROMIS10, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), LupusQoL-US, and selected PROMIS computerized adaptive tests (CAT) at routine visits at an SLE Center of Excellence. Construct validity was evaluated by correlating PROMIS10 physical and mental health scores with PROMIS CAT, legacy instruments, and physician-derived measures of disease activity and damage. Test-retest reliability was determined among subjects reporting stable SLE activity at 2 assessments 1 week apart using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).Results.A diverse cohort of 204 out of 238 patients with SLE (86%) completed survey instruments. PROMIS10 physical health scores strongly correlated with physical function, pain, and social health domains in PROMIS CAT, SF-36, and LupusQoL, while mental health scores strongly correlated with PROMIS depression CAT, SF-36, and LupusQoL mental health domains (Spearman correlations ≥ 0.70). Active arthritis, comorbid fibromyalgia (FM), and anxiety were associated with worse PROMIS10 scores, but sociodemographic factors and physician-assessed flare status were not. Test-retest reliability for PROMIS10 physical and mental health scores was high (ICC ≥ 0.85). PROMIS10 required < 2 minutes to complete.Conclusion.PROMIS10 is valid and reliable, and can efficiently screen for impaired physical function, pain, and emotional distress in outpatients with SLE. With strong correlations to LupusQoL and SF-36 but significantly reduced responder burden, PROMIS10 is a promising tool for measuring patient-reported outcomes in routine SLE clinical care and value-based healthcare initiatives.
Communicating science: The profile of science journalists in Spain
Authors: Cassany Roger , Cortiñas Sergi , Elduque Albert 
Published: February 2018

Science journalists are mainly responsible for publicly communicating science, which, in turn, is a major indicator of the social development of democratic societies. The transmission of quality scientific information that is rigorously researched and understandable is therefore crucial, and demand for this kind of information from both governments and citizens is growing. We analyzed the academic profiles of a representative sample of practicing science journalists in Spain to clarify what training they had received and how they perceived the quality and scope of this training. Using an ethnographic methodology based on a survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with science journalists working for the main Spanish media (mainly printed press, audiovisual, Internet and news agencies), we analyze their academic backgrounds and collect information on their opinions and proposals. Our findings depict a complex and heterogeneous scenario and also reveal that most science journalists not only do not have any scientific training, but also do not even consider this to be necessary to exercise as science reporters. They also criticize the current system for training journalists and consider that the best way of learning the profession is by acquiring experience on the job.
El periodista científico es uno de los principales responsables en la cadena de transmisión e interpretación hacia la sociedad de toda noticia, novedad o avance de carácter científico. A su vez, una información científica rigurosa, comprensible y de calidad es, además, un indicador del desarrollo social. La demanda de este tipo de información crece cada día en nuestras sociedades, tanto por parte de los gobiernos como de los ciudadanos. Por este motivo, y con el objetivo de esclarecer cuál es el perfil de los periodistas científicos que deben lidiar con tal responsabilidad, cómo se han formado y cómo ellos mismos creen que deberían haber sido formados, en esta investigación analizamos los perfiles académicos (tanto el real como el ideal) de estos profesionales en España. Utilizando una metodología etnográfica, basada en entrevistas, cuestionarios y focus group con periodistas científicos que trabajan en los principales medios españoles, analizamos su trayectoria académica y sus consideraciones y propuestas al respecto. Los resultados muestran un escenario complejo y heterogéneo, pero también revelan que la mayoría de los periodistas científicos no solo no goza de una titulación universitaria en el ámbito científico, sino que tampoco la considera necesaria. Los periodistas científicos son críticos con el sistema educativo y consideran que la mejor forma de aprender es trabajar en los medios, más que estudiar.
Prosumers and emirecs: Analysis of two confronted theories
Authors: Aparici Roberto , García-Marín David 
Published: February 2018

In the 1970s, the publications of Alvin Toffler and Jean Cloutier were essential for the emergence of two concepts, prosumer, and emirec, whose meanings have been mistakenly equated by numerous scholars and researchers. At the same time, the mercantilist theories linked to prosumption have made invisible the models of communication designed by Cloutier. In this article, configured as a review of the state of the art made from an exhaustive documentary analysis, we observe that, while the notion of prosumer represents vertical and hierarchical relations between companies and citizens, Cloutier's emirec evokes a horizontal relationship and an isonomy between professional and amateur media creators. The prosumption presents an alienated subject, which is integrated into the logic of the market under free work dynamics and from the extension of time and productive spaces, while the emirec is defined as a potentially empowered subject that establishes relations between equals. The theory of the prosumer reproduces the hegemonic economic model by seeking solutions from the field of marketing so that the media and entertainment industries must face the challenges they have to face in the digital world. On the contrary, the emirec theory connects with disruptive communicative models that introduce new relationships between media and audiences and the establishment of logic of affinity between communication participants.
En los años 70, las publicaciones de Alvin Toffler y Jean Cloutier resultan esenciales para el surgimiento de dos conceptos, prosumidor y emirec, cuyos significados han sido equiparados de forma errónea por numerosos académicos e investigadores. De forma paralela, las teorías mercantilistas vinculadas a la prosumición han invisibilizado a los modelos de comunicación entre iguales de Cloutier. En este artículo, configurado como una revisión del estado de la cuestión realizada a partir de un exhaustivo análisis documental, observamos que, mientras que la noción de prosumidor representa unas relaciones verticales y jerárquicas entre las fuerzas del mercado y los ciudadanos, el emirec de Cloutier evoca a una relación horizontal y una isonomía entre comunicadores profesionales y amateurs. La prosumición presenta un sujeto alienado e integrado en la lógica del mercado bajo dinámicas de trabajo gratis y a partir de la extensión del tiempo y los espacios productivos, mientras que el emirec se define como un sujeto potencialmente empoderado que establece relaciones entre iguales. La teoría del prosumidor pretende la reproducción del modelo económico hegemónico buscando soluciones desde el ámbito del marketing a los constantes desafíos que la industria de los medios y el entretenimiento deben afrontar en el mundo digital. Por contra, la teoría del emirec conecta con modelos comunicativos disruptivos que introducen nuevas relaciones entre medios y audiencias y el establecimiento de la lógica de la afinidad entre los participantes de la comunicación.