bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Quality Hexagonal Nonlayered CdS Nanoplatelets for Low‐Threshold Whispering‐Gallery‐Mode Lasing
Authors: Mi Yang , Jin Bao , Zhao Liyun , Chen Jie , Zhang Shuai , Shi Jia , Zhong Yangguang , Du Wenna , Zhang Jun , Zhang Qing , Zhai Tianyou , Liu Xinfeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLow threshold micro/nanolasers have attracted extensive attention for wide applications in high‐density storage and optical communication. However, constrained by quantum efficiency and crystalline quality, conventional semiconductor small‐sized lasers are still subjected to a high lasing threshold. In this work, a low‐threshold planar laser based on high‐quality single‐crystalline hexagonal CdS nanoplatelets (NPLs) using a self‐limited epitaxial growth method is demonstrated. The as‐grown CdS NPLs show multiple whispering‐gallery‐mode lasing at room temperature with a threshold of ≈0.6 µJ cm−2, which is the lowest value among reported CdS‐based lasers. Through power‐dependent lasing studies at 77 K, the lasing action is demonstrated to originate from a exciton–exciton scattering process. Furthermore, the edge length‐ and thickness‐dependent lasing threshold studies reveal that the threshold is inversely proportional to the second power of lateral edge length while partially affected by vertical thickness, and the lasing modes can be sustained in NPLs as thin as 60 nm. The lowest threshold emerges with the thickness of ≈110 nm due to stronger energy confinement in the vertical Fabry–Pérot cavity. The results not only open up a new avenue to fabricate nonlayered material‐based coherent light sources, but also advocate the promise of nonlayered semiconductor materials for the development of novel optoelectronic devices.
Hyperthin Membranes for Gas Separations via Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly
Authors: Pramanik Nabendu B. , Regen Steven L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThin film formation via the Layer‐by‐Layer method is now a well‐established and broadly used method in materials science. We have been keenly interested in exploiting this technique in the area of gas separations. Specifically, we have sought to create hyperthin (<100 nm) polyelectrolyte‐based membranes that have practical potential for the separation of CO2 from N2 (flue gas) and H2 from CO2 (syngas). In this personal account, we summarize recent studies that have been aimed at measuring the influence of a variety of factors that can affect the permeability and permeation selectivity of hyperthin polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs).
Ion temperature measurement by laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy in panta
Authors: Arakawa Hirotyuki , Inagaki Shigeru , Kosuga Yusuke , Sasaki Makoto , Kin Fumiyoshi , Hasamada Kazunobu , Yamasaki Kotaro , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Yamada Takuma , Nagashima Yoshihiko , Fujisawa Akihide , Kasuya Naohiro , Itoh Kimitaka , Itoh Sanae‐I 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy system was developed in a linear magnetized helicon plasma at Kyushu University. The thermal Doppler broadening on velocity distribution function follows the Maxwell distribution, and the averaged central ion temperature was evaluated to be ∼0.36 eV. The effect of Zeeman splitting was observed for a more accurate assessment of the measurement and is consistent with the calculation. The temperature ratio of electrons and ions, Ti/Te, was evaluated to be ∼0.1. The result is valuable for evaluating the nonlinear processes of the plasma turbulence. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Impact of water hardness on oxytetracycline oral bioavailability in fed and fasted piglets
Authors: Decundo Julieta M. , Diéguez Susana N. , Martínez Guadalupe , Romanelli Agustina , Fernández Paggi María B. , Pérez Gaudio Denisa S. , Amanto Fabián A. , Soraci Alejandro L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWater hardness is a critical factor that affects oxytetracycline dissolution by chelation with cations. These interactions may lead to impaired dosing and consequently decrease absorption. Moreover, feed present in gastrointestinal tract may interact with antibiotic and alter pharmacokinetic parameters. In the present study, dissolution profiles of an oxytetracycline veterinary formulation were assessed in purified, soft and hard water. Furthermore, oxytetracycline absolute bioavailability, after oral administration of the drug dissolved in soft or hard water, was evaluated in fed and fasted piglets. A maximum dissolution of 86% and 80% was obtained in soft and hard water, respectively, while in purified water dissolution was complete. Results from in vivo study reconfirmed oxytetracycline's very low oral bioavailability. The greatest values were attained when antibiotic was dissolved in soft water and in fasted animals. Statistically significant lower absolute bioavailability was achieved when hard water was used and/or animals were fed. Moreover, Cmax attained in all treatments was lower than MIC90 of most important swine pathogens. For these reasons, the oral use of OTC formulations, that have demonstrated low oral bioavailability, should be avoided to treat systemic diseases in pigs.
A guide to results and diagnostics within a STRmix™ report
Authors: Russell Laura , Cooper Stuart , Wivell Richard , Kerr Zane , Taylor Duncan , Buckleton John , Bright Jo‐Anne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUntil recently, forensic DNA profile interpretation was predominantly a manual, time‐consuming process undertaken by analysts using heuristics to determine those genotype combinations that could reasonably explain a recovered profile. Probabilistic genotyping (PG) has now become commonplace in the interpretation of DNA profiling evidence. As the complexity of PG necessitates the use of algorithms and modern computing power it has been dubbed by some critics as a “black box” approach. Here we discuss the wealth of information that is provided within the output of STRmix™, one example of a continuous PG system. We discuss how this information can be evaluated by analysts either to give confidence in the results or to indicate that further interpretation may be warranted. Specifically, we discuss the “primary” and “secondary” diagnostics output by STRmix™ and give some context to the values that may be observed.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Biology > Interpretation of Biological Evidence
Forensic Biology > Forensic DNA Technologies
Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium Potentials of Neoproterozoic Peralkaline Siwana Granite of Malani Igneous Suite, Barmer District, Rajasthan
Authors: Bhushan S.K. , Somani O.P. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The bimodal volcano-plutonic association of Neoproterozoic Malani Igneous Suite of western Rajasthan has resulted in enrichment of rare earth elements (REE), especially heavy rare earth elements (HREE) due to fractionation during polychronous emplacement of riebeckite / aegirine bearing peralkaline granite in three phases. The modal mineralogy indicates bastnasite (La-Ce), parasite, La-Ce-Ba cebaite, cerianite, thorianite, carbocernaite, ancylite, strontianite, celestire, allanite, fergusonite, REE silicates, xenotime, monazite, REE clays and zircon in order of abundance. The distribution of minerals shows total REE minerals 2.04% in Gudanal (east), 2.23% in Gudanal (west), 2.15% in Meli and 2.5% in Bhatikhera. The end phase of magmatic activity represented by boss, dykes and veins of microgranite has rich potentials for HREE. Out of several blocks having preponderance of dykes/veins, Gudanal (east and west), Bhatikhera, Phulan and Meli areas are most promising. The HREE and yttrium abundance of Gudanal (west) is 0.33%, Gudanal (east), 0.22%, Bhatikhera as 0.31% and Phulan 0.93%. Majority of REE minerals are small in size (&lt; 20 microns) occurring as carbonates, followed by phosphates, oxides and silicates and will warrant detailed bulk mineral processing test for the recovery of REE minerals and subsequent metallurgical tests.
Sexual harassment and appearance‐based peer victimization: Unique associations with emotional adjustment by gender and age
Authors: Duncan Narelle , Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie J. , Furman Wyndol 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe examined sexual harassment, alongside other forms of peer victimization, as correlates of self‐worth, depression, and anxiety (emotional adjustment). In addition, we investigated joint moderating effects of gender and age in the relationship between sexual harassment and emotional adjustment.MethodsParticipants were 277 high school and 492 university students (12–24 years, 60% female) residing in Australia. All completed a survey to report sexual harassment experiences, as well as in‐person and online/social media appearance‐related peer victimization, global self‐worth, and social anxiety and depressive symptoms.ResultsAge was positively associated with sexual harassment, as well as with general and social media victimization; males and females did not differ. Participants who reported more sexual harassment reported poorer adjustment, but only the association with depressive symptoms remained significant after controlling for other forms of peer victimization. When gender and age were tested as moderators, the positive association between sexual harassment and depression was significant for all groups but younger males and there was a positive association between harassment and anxiety among only younger females and older males.ConclusionSexual harassment was commonly reported, but rather weakly and intermittently associated with emotional health, after controlling for appearance‐related peer victimization. Future research should examine when and why youth seem fairly resilient to negative emotional effects that could follow sexual harassment. It is possible that messages about the cause of sexual harassment are being heard and this aids youth to avoid self‐blame and emotional maladjustment.
THE REIFICATION OF FATE IN EARLY CHINA
Authors: Valmisa Mercedes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEarly Chinese texts make us witnesses to debates about the power, or lack thereof, that humans had over the course of events, the outcomes of their actions, and their own lives. In the midst of these discourses on the limits of the efficacy of human agency, the notion ofming命 took a central position.In this article, I present a common pattern of thinking about the relationship between the person and the world in early China. I call it the reifying pattern because it consisted in thinking aboutmingas a hypostasized entity with object-like features. Although external and independent,mingwas not endowed with human qualities such as the capacities for empathy, responsivity, and intersubjectivity. The reification of fate implied an understanding ofmingas an external, amoral, and determining force that limited humans without accepting intercommunication with them, thereby causing feelings of alienation, powerlessness, and existential incompetence.I first show that the different meanings ofminghold a sense of prevailing external reality, and hence can be connected to the overarching meaning of fate. Then, I offer an account of the process of reification of fate in early China and its consequences, theoretical and practical, through cases study of received (Mengzi孟子) and found (Tang Yu zhi dao唐虞之道) texts. I end with some reflections on the implications ofmingas a nonpersonal and nonsubjective type of actor for both early Chinese and twenty-first-century accounts of agency.
Dissatisfied employees, diminished helping: Using psychological capital to buffer the damaging effects of job dissatisfaction on helping behaviours
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Haq Inam Ul , Azeem Muhammad Umer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDrawing from conservation of resources theory, this study considers how employees' job dissatisfaction might reduce their engagement in helping behaviour, whereas their psychological capital might enhance this behaviour. The negative relationship between job dissatisfaction and helping behaviour in turn might be buffered by psychological capital. Data from Pakistani organizations provide empirical support for these theoretical predictions. The findings indicate that organizations with employees who feel unhappy about their job situation can still enjoy productive helping behaviours, to the extent they develop adequate personal resources within their ranks.
Working with neuromuscular conditions: A review and evaluation
Authors: Athanasou James A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA major concern of rehabilitation counselors is the likelihood of work following illness and the purpose of this paper is to determine the work rate of persons with neuromuscular conditions. A review of 38 published reports indicated the capacity for employment, but this varied according to the specific neuromuscular condition. A quantitative summary of previous studies that comprised a total of 2926 participants indicated that 1266 or 43.2% were working. Higher work rates were reported for studies where (a) the focus was on specific disorders rather than neuromuscular conditions in general or (b) where the participation rate was greater than 80%.
Beyond Prestige and Magnificence: The Theological Significance of Gold in the Israelite Tabernacle
Authors: Amzallag Nissim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExamination of Exodus 25–31 and 35–40 shows that preciousness and aesthetic considerations were not the main precipitants of the use of gold in the tabernacle. Rather, the distribution of this metal in both the tabernacle and the priestly garments reveals a theological criterion for its use and distribution. It is suggested here that this criterion is rooted in pre-Israelite Yahwism, and that it emanates from the parallel of gold, approached as the metal produced by YHWH, and copper, its human-made counterpart. Accordingly, YHWH’s residence within the tabernacle is associated with pure gold, whereas the function of communion with the Israelites in this facility is attached to a gold-copper alloy (ordinary gold). It is shown that the theological significance of gold related in Exodus contrasts with the considerations of prestige and magnificence associated in Kings with the use of gold in the Jerusalem temple. These observations reveal a divergence between the Priestly and the Deuteronomistic sources in regard to the status of gold and, by extension, of the pre-Israelite background of Yahwism. It is concluded that the description of the tabernacle in Exodus challenges the abandonment of the theological dimension of gold and metallurgy in the Jerusalem temple in the late monarchic period or, alternately, serves as fundament for a theodicy that justifies the fall of the city.
OFFICE, POLITICAL THEORY, AND THE POLITICAL THEORIST
Authors: KEARNS DAVID , WALTER RYAN 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT‘Theory’ is taken for granted as an object of historical study, especially in relation to the history of political thought, and most historiography proceeds as if little were lost by construing authors such as Aristotle, Machiavelli, and Smith as ‘theorists’. This article argues that the costs are likely to be high, and that in consequence ‘theory’ ought not to be considered a generic category capable of neutrally describing a given piece of thinking from the past. On the one hand, ascribing theoretical argument can obscure the nature of rival idioms for making claims regarding political life, such as biblical criticism, the common law, and ‘office talk’. On the other hand, the evidence suggests that the ‘political theorist’, as an avowed identity, only emerged in Britain late in the eighteenth century, tentatively and under the force of peculiar pressures. It follows that it will rarely be appropriate to use the term before c. 1800, and considerable caution will still be necessary when using the label in the post-1800 period. Abiding by this discipline is likely to lead to new discoveries in what has been a flat terrain of ‘political theory’.
THE RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF METHODIST TICKETS, AND ASSOCIATED PRACTICES OF COLLECTING AND RECOLLECTING, 1741–2017
Authors: LLOYD SARAH 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAmong all the paper ephemera surviving from eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Britain, the humble Methodist ticket has attracted little attention from scholars and collectors. Issued quarterly to members as a testimonial to religious conduct, many still exist, reflecting the sheer quantity produced by 1850, and the significance of keeping practices, where Methodist habits were distinctive. This article explores first the origin and spread of tickets primarily within British Methodism, but also noting its trans-oceanic contexts. Apparently inconsequential objects, they shaped experience and knowledge, illuminating eighteenth-century religious life, female participation, and plebeian agency. Discussion then turns to patterns of saving and memorialization that from the 1740s preserved Methodists’ tickets. Such practices extended the lifecycle of the individual ticket and created the accidents of its survival, giving it new uses as an institutional resource. In recovering the dead, it acquired nostalgic value, but other capacities were lost and forgotten. The ticket's origins, uses, and preservation intersect with major historical and historiographical currents to complicate established narratives of print, urban association, and commerce, and to present alternative understandings of collecting.
Using Google Trends to understand information-seeking behaviour about throat cancer
Authors: Faoury M , Upile T , Patel N 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveMany people seek health information from internet sources. Understanding this behaviour can help inform healthcare delivery. This study aimed to review Google Trends as a method for investigating internet-based information-seeking behaviour related to throat cancer in terms of quantity, content and thematic analysis.MethodData was collected using Google Trends. Normalised data was created using the search terms ‘throat cancer’, ‘cancer’, ‘HPV’, ‘laryngeal cancer’ and ‘head and neck cancer’. The search data was used to analyse the temporal and geographical interest pattern of these terms from 2004 to 2015.ResultsThree important peaks in searches for ‘throat cancer’ were identified. The first and greatest increase in interest was in September 2010, and there were also peaks in June 2013 and in October 2011.ConclusionInternet-search analysis can provide an insight into the information-seeking behaviour of the public. Mass media can hugely affect this information-seeking behaviour. Possessing tools to investigate and understand information-seeking behaviour may be used to improve healthcare delivery.
Money and Meaning in Elections: Towards a theory of the vote
Authors: BANERJEE MUKULIKA 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article offers a comprehensive set of explanations for why people vote. Based on evidence from Indian elections, where voter turnouts remain consistently high—and rising—despite voting not being compulsory, the article shows that two broad sets of reasons exist. First, a set of transactional factors, labelled ‘money’ here, encompass within it the instrumental and coercive reasons that propel people to vote. Secondly, evidence shows that people also attribute ‘meaning’ to the act of voting itself so they vote for the sake of performing the act itself. Drawing from the wider literature and the author's own ethnographic work, including comparative ethnographic research conducted by a team across India, this article brings together these diverse set of reasons to propose a holistic explanation for why people vote.
Applying music-and-movement to promote agency development in music education: a case study in a special school
Authors: Sutela Katja , Juntunen Marja-Leena , Ojala Juha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article, we describe the agency development in one student with special needs through Dalcroze-based music-and-movement activities. The case study was conducted in the context of classroom music education in a special school. The data were produced via a teaching experiment (from August 2015 to March 2016), in which a group (n= 13) of 15- to 16-year-old students participated in added lessons (one lesson per week) provided by the first author. The lessons included a variety of Dalcroze-based activities, such as singing with movement, quick reaction and follow exercises, movement improvisation, body percussion exercises, dances, and relaxation exercises. The data consist of video-recordings of the lessons, a research diary, and interviews with teachers, teaching assistants, a therapist, and a specialist of special education. During the teaching experiment, the case student’s agency developed from being a passive outsider to being an active participant and leader. The change in agency was noticed also outside the classroom. The study suggests that using music-and-movement in a music classroom offers possibilities for nonverbal embodied interaction and thereby opportunities for the development of students’ agency and autonomy foremost by developing their body and social skills. On a more general level, the article contributes to developing such music education theory and practice that acknowledges the significance of experience in learning music and in embodied interaction, where individuals interact and make sense of the world through nonverbal communication. In addition, this study highlights the strength of such education in supporting the development of the whole human being.
Parent–teacher partnerships in group music lessons: a collective case study
Authors: Ang Kathryn , Panebianco Clorinda , Odendaal Albi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDeveloping effective parent–teacher relationships in music lessons is important for the well-being and learning outcomes of the learners. The aim of this collective case study was to explore the relationship between teachers and parents of pre-school children in group music lessons in the Klang Valley, which is an area in West Malaysia centred on Kuala Lumpur. It includes the neighbouring cities and towns in the state of Selangor. Interviews were conducted with nine parents and three teachers of three group music classes for pre-school children. The results point to the values and attitudes that parents and teachers hold and the interactions between them that both encouraged and discouraged parent–teacher partnerships, which are relationships where trust, reciprocity, mutuality, shared goals and decision making are essential characteristics.