bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagining Modernization: The Symbolic Embrace of GDP in China
Authors: van Heijster Joan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn China, economic development has been almost exclusively defined through the lens of gross domestic product (GDP). Additionally, the indicator is deeply ingrained in national and local policymaking. Despite its power, we know almost nothing about how GDP gained such a politically prominent position in China. This paper therefore asks: how was GDP embraced politically and integrated into the Chinese governance system in the mid-1980s and 1990s? The paper argues that in China GDP appropriated a symbolic function. Chinese politicians used the indicator as an ‘instrument of imagination’ and conceptualized the political goal of achieving modernization in terms of GDP. GDP improved the practical applicability and persuasiveness of the modernization narrative by reducing uncertainty and strengthening China’s socialist identity. Furthermore, the symbolic appropriation shaped the adoption of GDP targets in Five-Year Plans as well as the uptake of GDP in the local performance assessment system as a control tool. The Chinese case shows that macroeconomic indicators have different social functions, which make them dynamic tools that can be adjusted to a diverse range of societies. The empirical analysis is based on personal interviews with statisticians in China and the World Bank and extensive document analysis.
Optimization of end milling on Al–SiC-fly ash metal matrix composite using Topsis and fuzzy logic
Authors: Tamiloli N. , Venkatesan J. , Murali G. , Kodali Shyam Prasad , Sampath Kumar T. , Arunkumar M. P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMetal matrix composites are extensively used in aerospace, automobile and other engineering applications as an alternative to a wide range of elements. High strength–weight ratio, durability and high corrosion resistance are benefits of metal matrix composites. The study that exhibits adopts optimal cutting parameters (speed, feed and depth of cut). The initial study is to explore end milling process of alumina (AA6082 with SiC 3% and fly ash 2%) molted metal matrix composite. The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and fuzzy logic for optimizing the cutting parameter values has been utilized in the MMC. The response surface methodology is being used to develop the numerical model between output responses and machining parameters. The second-order regression models are studied through analysis of variance. The experimental investigation exhibits that feed rate is the important factor on response variables.
Mental health and politics since the eurozone crisis: The role of mental
health professionals
Authors: Perera Isabel M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Some of the most immediate health effects of the 2008 economic crisis
concerned the mind, not the body. Rates of generalized anxiety, chronic
depression, and even suicide spiked in many European societies. This
viewpoint highlights the role of mental health professionals in responding
to this emergency, and argues that their sustained mobilization is necessary
to its long-term resolution.
Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV-1
Authors: de Oliveira Cassius José Vitor , Carneiro Neto José Abraão , Andrade Rosana C.P. , de La Glória Orge Maria , Liberato de Matos Sheila Nunes F. , Rocha Paulo Novis , Marcelino de Carvalho Filho Edgar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with neurological damage due to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection, but hormonal and psychogenic factors also cause ED.AimTo evaluate the association of psychogenic and hormonal factors with ED in men infected with HTLV-1.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we compared total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurologic manifestations in HTLV-1-infected men with or without ED. The International Index of Erectile Function was used to determine the degree of ED. Participants were grouped according to Osame’s Motor Disability Scale and the Expanded Disability Status Scale: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), probable HAM/TSP, or HTLV-1 carrier. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the groups, and regression analyses were used to show predictors of ED.Main Outcome MeasureSexual hormonal levels, psychogenic factors, and neurologic disabilities were found to be associated with ED.ResultsED was associated with age older than 60 years (P &lt; .001), degree of neurologic involvement (P &lt; .001), depression (P = .009), and anxiety (P = .008). In the multivariate analyses, only age and degree of neurological injury remained as risk factors for ED.Clinical ImplicationsNeurological manifestations are a stronger predictor of ED than hormonal and psychogenic factors in HTLV-1-infected men.Strengths & LimitationsThe statistical power of the study was limited due to the low number of participants, but neurologic manifestations were clearly associated with ED. There was no strong association between hormonal and psychogenic factors and ED.ConclusionHormonal and psychogenic factors did not show a strong association with ED in individuals with HTLV-1, but neurological manifestations were strongly associated with ED in these individuals.
Sexual Intercourse for Induction of Spontaneous Onset of Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Carbone Luigi , De Vivo Valentino , Saccone Gabriele , D’Antonio Francesco , Mercorio Antonio , Raffone Antonio , Arduino Bruno , D’Alessandro Pietro , Sarno Laura , Conforti Alessandro , Maruotti Giuseppe Maria , Alviggi Carlo , Zullo Fulvio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionSexual intercourse during pregnancy is commonly believed to trigger the onset of contractions and, therefore, labor. However, in low-risk pregnancies, there is neither association with preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, or low birth weight, nor with spontaneous onset of labor at term.AimTo evaluate the effectiveness of sexual intercourse for spontaneous onset of labor at term in singleton pregnancies.MethodsThe systematic search was conducted using electronic databases from inception of each database to June 2019. Review of articles also included the abstracts of all references retrieved from the search. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials comparing sexual intercourse in singleton low-risk pregnancies at term with controls (either reduced number of coitus or no coitus) for spontaneous onset of labor. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the incidence of spontaneous onset of labor. The summary measures were reported as summary relative risk with 95% CI using the random-effects model of DerSimonian and Laird.ResultsData extracted from 3 trials, including 1,483 women with singleton pregnancy at term and cephalic presentation, were analyzed. Women who were randomized in the sexual intercourse group had similar incidence of spontaneous onset of labor compared with control subjects (0.82% vs 0.80%; relative risk 1.02, 95% CI 0.98–1.07).Clinical ImplicationSexual intercourse should not be restricted in low-risk term pregnancies. Further studies are needed to properly evaluate the impact of orgasm, penetration, condom use, frequency of intercourse and other factors on induction of labor at term.Strength & limitationsOur study has several strengths. The three included trials had low risk of allocation bias; intention-to-treat analysis was used; this is the first meta-analysis on this issue so far. Limitations mainly depend on the design of the included studies. Firstly, compliance to the protocol relied on self-reporting by patients; in addition, not all the features of sexual intercourse could be adequately assessed (orgasm, nipple stimulation, sexual positions, etc.).ConclusionIn women with singleton, cephalic, low-risk pregnancies, sexual intercourse at term does not significantly increase the incidence of spontaneous onset of labor.
The Portuguese Radical Left Parties Supporting Government: From Policy-Takers to Policymakers?
Authors: De Giorgi Elisabetta , Cancela João 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHow do parties that have long been confined to opposition behave once they take the decision to support government? This article analyses the case of the three Portuguese radical left parties that took such a move in the wake of the post-bailout 2015 election. Leveraging the concept of contract parliamentarism and the analysis of different data sources through different methods, we show that the three parties adopted a similar strategy after agreeing deals with the centre-left socialists. Specifically, while keeping close scrutiny on the executive action, the parties have voted consensually on most of the legislation proposed by the government. In exchange, the majority of policy pledges agreed with the socialists were implemented by the beginning of the legislature. Based on these findings, the article underlines the importance for supporting parties of conducting a thorough negotiation of policy goals and the timing of their implementation before joining the government, and of pursuing an autonomous discursive agenda.
The Meaning and Telos of Israel’s Election: An Interfaith Response to N.T. Wright’s Reading of Paul
Authors: Kaminsky Joel , Reasoner Mark 
Published: September 2019

AbstractN. T. Wright offers a systematic and highly influential metanarrative to account for Paul’s theology of Israel. However, Wright overlooks or underemphasizes important dimensions of Paul’s thinking, leading to problematic distortions. Thus, Wright claims that God rejected the historic people of Israel due to their failure to missionize the gentile nations, an idea not easily found in the Hebrew Bible texts Paul utilizes or in Paul’s own statements concerning his fellow Jews. Wright relies heavily on the diatribe of Rom 2 to build a Pauline theology of Israel, but he downplays the many positive things Paul says elsewhere about Israel’s status. Particularly troubling is Wright’s use of Rom 5 to argue that Paul characterizes Torah as divinely intended to draw sin onto Israel, with the expected consequence that human sin would reach its zenith within Israel, a view that moves Wright toward the very supersessionism against which Paul cautioned his gentile followers. These exegetical decisions, which form a tightly structured messiah-oriented understanding of Israel’s election, ignore what the Hebrew Bible and Paul affirm: while God accomplishes certain larger aims through Israel, God’s election of Israel is ultimately grounded in God’s inalienable love for Israel and Israel’s ancestors.
Cetuximab in the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma – a narrative review
Authors: Iqbal M S , Wilkinson D , Tin A , Bossi P , Gradwell-Nelson L , Kovarik J , O'Hara J , Kelly C 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundConcurrent chemotherapy with radiotherapy is the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. Cetuximab can be used in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, the randomised studies that led to approval for its use in this setting excluded nasopharyngeal cancer. In the context of limited data for the use of cetuximab in nasopharyngeal cancer in the medical literature, this review aimed to summarise the current evidence for its use in both primary and recurrent or metastatic disease.MethodA literature search was performed using the keywords ‘nasopharyngeal neoplasm’, ‘cetuximab’ and ‘Erbitux’.ResultsTwenty studies were included. There were no randomised phase III trials, but there were nine phase II trials. The use of cetuximab in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been tested in various settings, including in combination with induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and in the palliative setting.ConclusionThere is no evidence of benefit from the addition of cetuximab to standard management protocols, and there is some evidence of increased toxicity. There is more promise for its use in metastatic or locally recurrent settings. This review draws together the existing evidence and could provide a focus for future studies.
Predicting psychosis risk using a specific measure of cognitive control: a 12-month longitudinal study
Authors: Guo Joyce Y. , Niendam Tara A. , Auther Andrea M. , Carrión Ricardo E. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Ragland J. Daniel , Adelsheim Steven , Calkins Roderick , Sale Tamara G. , Taylor Stephan F. , McFarlane William R. , Carter Cameron S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying risk factors of individuals in a clinical-high-risk state for psychosis are vital to prevention and early intervention efforts. Among prodromal abnormalities, cognitive functioning has shown intermediate levels of impairment in CHR relative to first-episode psychosis and healthy controls, highlighting a potential role as a risk factor for transition to psychosis and other negative clinical outcomes. The current study used the AX-CPT, a brief 15-min computerized task, to determine whether cognitive control impairments in CHR at baseline could predict clinical status at 12-month follow-up.MethodsBaseline AX-CPT data were obtained from 117 CHR individuals participating in two studies, the Early Detection, Intervention, and Prevention of Psychosis Program (EDIPPP) and the Understanding Early Psychosis Programs (EP) and used to predict clinical status at 12-month follow-up. At 12 months, 19 individuals converted to a first episode of psychosis (CHR-C), 52 remitted (CHR-R), and 46 had persistent sub-threshold symptoms (CHR-P). Binary logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to test prediction models.ResultsBaseline AX-CPT performance (d-prime context) was less impaired in CHR-R compared to CHR-P and CHR-C patient groups. AX-CPT predictive validity was robust (0.723) for discriminating converters v. non-converters, and even greater (0.771) when predicting CHR three subgroups.ConclusionsThese longitudinal outcome data indicate that cognitive control deficits as measured by AX-CPT d-prime context are a strong predictor of clinical outcome in CHR individuals. The AX-CPT is brief, easily implemented and cost-effective measure that may be valuable for large-scale prediction efforts.
Phan Chu Trinh's Democratic Confucianism
Authors: Pham Kevin D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA consensus on three claims has emerged in literature that explores the relationship between Confucianism and democracy: democracy is not the exclusive property of Western liberalism, Confucianism and liberalism are opposed, and democracy in East Asia would be best buttressed by Confucianism, not liberalism. Why, then, does Phan Chu Trinh (1872–1926), Vietnam's celebrated nationalist of the French colonial period, argue that liberalism and democracy are Western creations that cannot be decoupled, and, if adopted by the Vietnamese, will allow Confucianism to find its fullest expression? The answer is that Trinh ignores liberalism's individualism while celebrating other aspects of liberalism and Western civilization. Trinh's interpretation of Western ideas, although naive, is a creative one that offers political theorists a lesson: it may be useful to view foreign ideas as foreign, to interpret them generously, and to import the creative distortion to revive our own cherished, yet faltering, traditions.
The Cambridge School and Kripke: Bug Detecting with the History of Political Thought
Authors: Bosworth William , Dowding Keith 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe propose a two-step method for studying the history of political thought roughly in line with the contextualism of the Cambridge School. It reframes the early Cambridge School as a bug-detecting program for the outdated conceptual baggage we unknowingly accommodate with our political terminology. Such accommodation often entails propositions that are inconsistent with even our most cherished political opinions. These bugs can cause political arguments to crash. This reframing takes seriously the importance of theories of meaning in the formative methodological arguments of the Cambridge School and updates the argument in light of new developments. We argue the new orthodoxy of Saul Kripke's causal theory of meaning in the philosophy of language better demonstrates the importance of contextual analysis to modern political theory.
Emotions in the development of moral norms within cooperative relationships
Authors: Carpendale Jeremy I. M. , Wallbridge Beau 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We support May's criticism of attempts to reduce morality to being primarily based on evolved emotional reactions. However, we question the clarity and consistence of his own position and suggest taking a developmental approach. We focus on providing a developmental approach to the role of emotions in the social origin of moral norms.
Moral reasoning performance determines epistemic peerdom
Authors: McAuliffe William H. B. , McCullough Michael E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe offer a friendly criticism of May's fantastic book on moral reasoning: It is overly charitable to the argument that moral disagreement undermines moral knowledge. To highlight the role that reasoning quality plays in moral judgments, we review literature that he did not mention showing that individual differences in intelligence and cognitive reflection explain much of moral disagreement. The burden is on skeptics of moral knowledge to show that moral disagreement arises from non-rational origins.
Analyzing debunking arguments in moral psychology: Beyond the counterfactual analysis of influence by irrelevant factors
Authors: Demaree-Cotton Joanna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
May assumes that if moral beliefs are counterfactually dependent on irrelevant factors, then those moral beliefs are based on defective belief-forming processes. This assumption is false. Whether influence by irrelevant factors is debunking depends on the mechanisms through which this influence occurs. This raises the empirical bar for debunkers and helps May avoid an objection to his Debunker's Dilemma.
Defending optimistic rationalism: A reply to commentators
Authors: May Joshua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn response, I elaborate on my conception of moral reasoning, as well as clarify the structure of debunking arguments and how my cautious optimism is only of the “glass half full” sort. I also explain how rationalism can capture insights purportedly only explained by sentimentalist and Humean views. The reply concludes by clarifying and admitting some limits of the book's scope.
Mass separated particle flux from a laser-ablation metal cluster source
Authors: Ishikawa Yuta , Hasegawa Jun , Horioka Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFlux waveforms of aluminum cluster beams supplied from a laser-ablation cluster source were precisely investigated under various source conditions such as background pressure, ablation laser intensity, and nozzle structure. A time-of-flight mass spectroscopy revealed that aluminum clusters with sizes up to 200 were generated and the amount of the clusters could be maximized by choosing a proper background pressure (~2 MPa) and an ablation laser fluence (~40 mJ/cm2). Flux waveforms of clusters having specific sizes were carefully reconstructed from the observed mass spectra. It is found that the pulse widths of the aluminum cluster beams were typically about 100 µs and much smaller than that of the monoatomic aluminum beam, indicating that the cluster formation was limited in a relatively small volume in the laser-ablated vapor. Introducing a conical nozzle having a large open angle was also found to enhance the cluster beam velocity and reduce its pulse width. A velocity measurement of particles in the cluster beam was conducted to examine the velocity spread of the supplied clusters. We found that the aluminum clusters were continuously released from the source for about 100 µs and this release time mainly determined the pulse width of the cluster beam, suggesting that controlling the behavior of an ablated vapor plume in the waiting room of the cluster source holds the key to drastically improving the cluster beam flux.
“Put the Gangsters Out of Business”: Gambling Legalization and the War on Organized Crime
Authors: Cohen Jonathan D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract:From the 1950s through the 1970s, American policymakers engaged in an extensive campaign against illegal gambling in an effort to turn the tide in the government’s crusade against organized crime. At the grassroots, however, voters endorsed a different form of state expansion to beat back the mob menace. Between 1963 and 1977, fourteen northeastern and Rust Belt states enacted the first government-run lotteries in the twentieth-century United States on the belief that legalized gambling would undercut the mob’s gambling profits. While gambling opponents pointed to Las Vegas as proof that organized crime would flourish following legalization, supporters argued that illegal gambling was already pervasive, so the state may as well profit from this irrepressible activity. The history of gambling legalization challenges narratives on the popularity of law-and-order politics and offers a new perspective on crime policy in the post–World War II period.
General international law in the relations between international organizations and their members
Authors: Bordin Fernando Lusa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo what extent do rules of general international law apply between international organizations and their members? The article tackles this question by distinguishing between two categories of relations: those that take place on the international plane and those that are, rather, situated on the institutional plane constituted by the organization’s internal law. I argue that general international law applies by default to relations belonging to the first category, only being displaced when the internal law of an organization contains applicable lex specialis, but that it cannot claim a similar role at the level of internal institutional relations. The question there becomes one concerning the dialogue between relatively autonomous international legal orders, so that it is the internal law of each organization that defines the terms on which rules of international law are allowed in. At the same time, a normative argument can be made for a ‘monistic presumption’ for the application of general international law in cases where the rules of the organization are silent. By delving into such questions of applicable law and identifying the relevant analytical frameworks, the article aims to help international lawyers dealing with complex disputes opposing international organizations and their members to structure the legal analysis.