bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hallux Interphalangeal Arthrodesis Following First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis
Authors: Thitiboonsuwan Songwut , Kavolus Joseph , Nunley James 
Published: September 2018

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Hallux interphalangeal (IP) arthritis can occur after first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthrodesis. IP Arthrodesis is a standard treatment, but in the setting of prior MTP surgery there will be increased stress on the IP joint and decrease local blood supply. These may result in diminished potential for bone healing. This investigation seeks to assess the outcomes of hallux IP arthrodesis after first MTP arthrodesis. Methods: Charts were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent interphalangeal arthrodesis between 1/1/2007 and 4/3/2017 and who had a minimum of 12-weeks of follow-up. We compared patients with and without prior ipsilateral first MTP arthrodesis. Charts were reviewed for clinical and radiographic union. Outcomes of interest were nonunion, complications, time to union and speed of union. Statistical data were analyzed by multivariable regression. Results: There were 42 patients whose median follow-up was nine (range, 3-135) months. Median time from previous first MTP arthrodesis until IP arthrodesis was 54 months. Six nonunions (35.3%) occurred in 17 patients with prior first MTP arthrodesis. Only two nonunions (8.0%) occurred in 25 patients with isolated IP arthrodesis. The multivariable risk difference of nonunion was 53.3% (P = .001). Prior first MTP arthrodesis also was more likely to have complications (52.9% vs. 24.0%, respectively). The multivariable risk difference of complications was 35.7% (P = .082). The speed of bone healing was statistically significant, with a multivariable rate ratio of 0.21 (P = .012). Conclusion: Prior first MTP arthrodesis resulted in 4.8 times slower bone healing for IP arthrodesis. The numbers needed to harm was two patients for nonunion and three patients for any complication.
Stage-specific roles for Zmiz1 in Notch-dependent steps of early T-cell development
Authors: Wang Qing , Yan Ran , Pinnell Nancy , McCarter Anna C. , Oh Yeonjoo , Liu Yiran , Sha Cher , Garber Noah F. , Chen Yitong , Wu Qingqing , Ku Chia-Jui , Tran Ivy , Serna Alarcon Amparo , Kuick Rork , Engel James Douglas , Maillard Ivan , Cierpicki Tomasz , Chiang Mark Y. 
Published: September 2018

Key Points
Notch1 cofactor Zmiz1 induces a subset of Notch target genes and drives pre–T-cell proliferation during normal and stress thymopoiesis. Disrupting the Zmiz1-Notch1 protein-protein interaction impairs Myc induction, pre–T-cell expansion, and leukemic proliferation.
Autophagy-dependent cell death – where, how and why a cell eats itself to death
Authors: Bialik Shani , Dasari Santosh K. , Kimchi Adi 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Autophagy as a means of cell killing was first advanced by Clark's phenotypic description of ‘Type II autophagic cell death’ in 1990. However, this phenomenon later came into question, because the presence of autophagosomes in dying cells does not necessarily signify that autophagy is the cause of demise, but rather may reflect the efforts of the cell to prevent it. Resolution of this issue comes from a more careful definition of autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD) as a regulated cell death that is shown experimentally to require different components of the autophagy machinery without involvement of alternative cell death pathways. Following these strict criteria, ADCD has been validated in both lower model organisms and mammalian cells, highlighting its importance for developmental and pathophysiological cell death. Recently, researchers have defined additional morphological criteria that characterize ADCD and begun to explore how the established, well-studied autophagy pathway is subverted from a survival to a death function. This Review explores validated models of ADCD and focuses on the current understanding of the mechanisms by which autophagy can kill a cell.
RPGRIP1L helps to establish the ciliary gate for entry of proteins
Authors: Lin Huawen , Guo Suyang , Dutcher Susan K. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Mutations in transition zone genes change the composition of the ciliary proteome. We isolated new mutations in RPGRIP1L (denotated as RPG1 in algae) that affect the localization of the transition zone protein NPHP4 in the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. NPHP4 localization is not affected in multiple new intraflagellar transport (IFT) mutants. We compared the proteome of cilia from wild-type and mutants that affect the transition zone (RPGRIP1L) or IFT (IFT172 and DHC1b) by mass spectrometry. The rpg1-1 mutant cilia show the most dramatic increase in cytoplasmic proteins. These nonciliary proteins function in translation, membrane remodeling, ATP production and as chaperonins. These proteins are excluded in isolated cilia from fla11-1 (IFT172) and fla24-1 (DHC1b). Our data support the idea that RPGRIP1L, but not IFT proteins, acts as part of the gate for cytoplasmic proteins. The rpg1-1 cilia lack only a few proteins, which suggests that RPGRIP1L only has a minor role of in the retention of ciliary proteins. The fla11-1 mutant shows the greatest loss/reduction of proteins, and one-third of these proteins have a transmembrane domain. Hence, IFT172 may play a role in the retention of proteins.
Detection of noncalcified breast cancer in patients with extremely dense breasts using digital breast tomosynthesis compared with full-field digital mammography
Authors: Yi Ann , Chang Jung Min , Shin Sung Ui , Chu A Jung , Cho Nariya , Noh Dong-Young , Moon Woo Kyung 
Published: September 2018

Objective:
To evaluate the tumour visibility and diagnostic performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in patients with noncalcified T 1 breast cancer.

Methods:
Medical records of 106 females with noncalcified T 1 invasive breast cancer who underwent DBT and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) between January 2012 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. To assess tumour visibility (score 1–3), all DBT and FFDM images were reviewed by two radiologists blinded to clinicopathological information. A reference standard was established by an unblinded consensus review of all images. Clinicopathological and imaging variables were analysed based on tumour visibility. After adding 159 negative controls, the diagnostic performance of DBT + FFDM was compared with that of FFDM.

Results:
The tumour visibility was significantly higher through DBT + FFDM (2.5 vs 1.8; p = 0.002) than FFDM alone. Breast composition was the independent variable for tumour visibility through DBT + FFDM (extremely dense; odds ratio, 0.02; p &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity (p = 0.642), specificity (p = 0.463), positive-predictive value (p = 0.078), and negative-predictive value (p = 0.072) of DBT + FFDM were not significantly superior to those of FFDM in 55 females with extremely dense breast composition, whereas specificity (p = 0.002) and positive-predictive value (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly higher in 210 females with other breast compositions.

Conclusion:
Addition of DBT to FFDM showed no significant increase in the tumour visibility and diagnostic performance in patients with noncalcified T 1 cancer in extremely dense breasts.

Advances in knowledge:
Addition of DBT to FFDM did not further improve the detection of noncalcified early breast cancers in females with extremely dense breasts.
Unrecognised Outbreak: Human parainfluenza virus infections in a pediatric oncology unit. A new diagnostic PCR and virus monitoring system may allow early detection of future outbreaks
Authors: Smielewska Anna , Pearson Callum , Popay Ashley , Roddick Iain , Reacher Mark , Emmott Edward , He Jenny , Thaxter Rachel , Chenery Carol , Goodfellow Ian , Burke Amos , Jalal Hamid 
Published: September 2018

Background:Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are significant causes of both upper and lower respiratory tract infections with type 3 (HPIV3) causing the most severe disease in the immunocompromised cohorts. The objective of this study was to analyse the epidemiological nature of a cluster of cases of HPIV3 in a pediatric oncology unit of a major teaching hospital.Methods:In order to determine whether the activity observed represented a deviation from the norm, seasonal trends of HPIV3 in the surrounding geographical area as well as on the ward in question were analysed. The genetic link between cases was established by the phylogenetic analysis of the non-coding hypervariable region between the M (Matrix) and F (fusion) genes of HPIV3. The 15 cases involved and 15 unrelated cases were sequenced. Transmission routes were subsequently inferred and visualized using Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) 3.3.2.Results:Of the 15 cases identified, 14 were attributed to a point source outbreak. Two out of 14 outbreak cases were found to differ by a single mutation A182C. The outbreak strain was also seen in 1 out of 15 unrelated cases, indicating that it was introduced from the community. Transmission modeling was not able to link all the cases and establish a conclusive chain of transmission. No staff were tested during the outbreak period. No deaths occurred as a result of the outbreak.Conclusion:A point source outbreak of HPIV3 was recognizedpost factumon an oncology pediatric unit in a major teaching hospital. This raised concern about the possibility of a future more serious outbreak. Weaknesses in existing systems were identified and a new dedicated respiratory virus monitoring system introduced. Pediatric oncology units require sophisticated systems for early identification of potentially life-threatening viral outbreaks.
Selective dorsal rhizotomy in ambulant children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Wang K. K. , Munger M. E. , Chen B. P.-J. , Novacheck T. F. 
Published: September 2018

Background Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a surgical procedure for treating spasticity in ambulant children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, controversies remain regarding indications, techniques and outcomes. Current evidence summary Because SDR is an irreversible procedure, careful patient selection, a multi-disciplinary approach in assessment and management and division of the appropriate proportion of dorsal rootlets are felt to be paramount for maximizing safety. Reliable evidence exists that SDR consistently reduces spasticity, in a predictable manner and to a substantial degree. However, functional improvements are small in the short-term with long-term benefits difficult to assess. Future outlook There is a need for high-quality studies utilizing long-term functional outcomes and well-matched control groups. Collaborative, multicentre efforts are required to further define the role of SDR as part of the management paradigm in maximizing physical function in spastic CP.
Systematic Comparison of Bacterial Colonization of Endometrial Tissue and Fluid Samples in Recurrent Miscarriage Patients: Implications for Future Endometrial Microbiome Studies
Authors: Liu Yingyu , Wong Karen Ka-Wing , Ko Elaine Yee-Ling , Chen Xiaoyan , Huang Jin , Tsui Stephen Kwok-Wing , Li Tin Chiu , Chim Stephen Siu-Chung 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
A recent study has reported that the microbiota in endometrial fluid of patients receiving in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) may predict implantation and pregnancy rates. However, studies are lacking that simultaneously compare the microbiota between endometrial fluid and tissue samples. Whether the microbiota composition in endometrial fluid reflects that in the endometrial tissue remains unclear.

METHODS
We systematically profiled the microbiota in endometrial fluid and tissue samples of IVF-ET patients using massively parallel sequencing. The bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V4 region) was PCR-amplified. Sequencing reads with &gt;98% nucleotide identity were clustered as a bacterial taxon. To account for the different number of reads per sample, we normalized the read counts of each taxon before comparing its relative abundances across samples.

RESULTS
Thirteen taxa, including Verrucomicrobiaceae, Brevundimonas, Achromobacter, Exiguobacterium, and Flavobacterium, were consistently detected only in endometrial tissue samples but not fluid samples. Eight taxa were detected in fluid but not tissue. Twenty-two taxa were differentially abundant between fluid and tissue samples (adjusted P values, 4.1 × 10−25 to 0.025). The numbers of taxa identified per 1000 sequencing reads, diversity, and evenness in fluid samples were smaller than those in tissue samples.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that the microbiota composition in endometrial fluid does not fully reflect that in endometrial tissue. Sampling from both endometrial fluid and biopsy allows a more comprehensive view of microbial colonization. Further efforts are needed to identify the preanalytical effects, including sampling sites, methods, and sequencing depth, on profiling endometrial microbiota.
Applying Standard Clinical Chemistry Assay Validation to Droplet Digital PCR Quantitative Liquid Biopsy Testing
Authors: Milosevic Dragana , Mills John R , Campion Michael B , Vidal-Folch Noemi , Voss Jesse S , Halling Kevin C , Highsmith W Edward , Liu Minetta C , Kipp Benjamin R , Grebe Stefan K G 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDDroplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is an emerging technology for quantitative cell-free DNA oncology applications. However, assay performance criteria must be established in a standardized manner to harness this potential. We reasoned that standard protocols used in clinical chemistry assay validation should be able to fill this need.METHODSWe validated KRAS, EGFR, and BRAF quantitative ddPCR assays based on the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act regulations for laboratory-developed tests in clinical chemistry and the matching Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. This included evaluation of limit of the blank (LOB), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), intraassay and interassay imprecision, analytical range, dilution linearity, accuracy (including comparison with orthogonal platforms), reference range study, interference, and stability studies.RESULTSFor the ddPCR assays, the LOB was 4 mutant copies, LODs were 12 to 22 copies, and LOQs were 35 to 64 copies. The upper limit of the dynamic range was 30000 copies, and dilutions were linear down to the LOQs with good accuracy of spike recovery of Horizon reference material. Method comparisons with next-generation sequencing and an alternative ddPCR platform showed complete qualitative agreement and quantitative concordance, with slopes of 0.73 to 0.97 and R2s of 0.83 to 0.99. No substantial interferences were discovered. Wild-type copy numbers in plasma ranged from 462 to 6169/mL in healthy individuals.CONCLUSIONSStandard clinical chemistry assay validation protocols can be applied to quantitative ddPCR assays. This should facilitate comparison of the performance of different assays and allow establishment of minimal significant change thresholds in monitoring applications.
Completeness of Reporting of Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Based on the PRISMA-DTA Reporting Guideline
Authors: Salameh Jean-Paul , McInnes Matthew D F , Moher David , Thombs Brett D , McGrath Trevor A , Frank Robert , Dehmoobad Sharifabadi Anahita , Kraaijpoel Noémie , Levis Brooke , Bossuyt Patrick M 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We evaluated the completeness of reporting of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) systematic reviews using the recently developed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA)-DTA guidelines.

METHODS
MEDLINE® was searched for DTA systematic reviews published October 2017 to January 2018. The search time span was modulated to reach the desired sample size of 100 systematic reviews. Reporting on a per-item basis using PRISMA-DTA was evaluated.

RESULTS
One hundred reviews were included. Mean reported items were 18.6 of 26 (71%; SD = 1.9) for PRISMA-DTA and 5.5 of 11 (50%; SD = 1.2) for PRISMA-DTA for abstracts. Items in the results were frequently reported. Items related to protocol registration, characteristics of included studies, results synthesis, and definitions used in data extraction were infrequently reported. Infrequently reported items from PRISMA-DTA for abstracts included funding information, strengths and limitations, characteristics of included studies, and assessment of applicability. Reporting completeness was higher in higher impact factor journals (18.9 vs 18.1 items; P = 0.04), studies that cited PRISMA (18.9 vs 17.7 items; P = 0.003), or used supplementary material (19.1 vs 18.0 items; P = 0.004). Variability in reporting was associated with author country (P = 0.04) but not journal (P = 0.6), abstract word count limitations (P = 0.9), PRISMA adoption (P = 0.2), structured abstracts (P = 0.2), study design (P = 0.8), subspecialty area (P = 0.09), or index test (P = 0.5). Abstracts with a higher word count were more informative (R = 0.4; P &lt; 0.001). No association with word counts was observed for full-text reports (R = −0.03; P = 0.06).

CONCLUSIONS
Recently published reports of DTA systematic reviews are not fully informative when evaluated against the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. These results should guide knowledge translation strategies, including journal level (e.g., PRISMA-DTA adoption, increased abstract word count, and use of supplementary material) and author level (PRISMA-DTA citation awareness) strategies.
Overcoming prejudice, seeking support: Transnational social media communication of female Vietnamese students in South Korea and Singapore
Authors: An Soontae , Lim Sun Sun , Lee Hannah , Pham Becky 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This study examined the role of social media in the daily lives of migrant students. The focus of this study was students’ use of social media and the benefits that they derived from it, particularly for communication with friends and family back in their home country. A total of 45 female Vietnamese students participated in a week-long social media-deprivation exercise in which they abstained from using social media to connect with friends and family in Vietnam and/or focus group discussions on their daily communication practices. A cross-cultural comparison was conducted to evaluate the differences between twenty Vietnamese students living in South Korea and 25 Vietnamese students living in Singapore. The findings indicate key differences in the sociocultural environment that influence their social media communication. Vietnamese students in South Korea drew closer to their co-national friends due to stronger perceptions of discrimination than their counterparts in Singapore, who integrated more easily into the multi-cultural environment. The findings suggest that international students should optimize their social media use to build diverse and encompassing social networks that are mutually reinforcing rather than mutually exclusive to facilitate adaptation.
Why they left home again: Understanding repeat migration to the United States
Authors: Narayan Anjana , Ocampo Anthony 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
While sociologists of immigration have examined the mechanisms of both circulatory and return migration, there has been relatively little discussion of repeat migration. Repeat migration refers to a small, but significant segment of immigrants who made the decision to permanently migrate back to the adopted country, after attempts to resettle back in the home society failed. Drawing on in-depth interviews with highly skilled Indian repeat migrants in the United States, we attempt to fill this gap. Although these migrants possessed the economic, legal and cultural capacity to reintegrate back to their home society, our findings revealed that the value of these forms of capital was diminished upon going back home. In chronicling their labour market, cultural and emotional challenges, we also demonstrate the limits of transnational and return migration frameworks for explaining the phenomena of repeat migration.
Book Reviews
Authors: Sin I Lin , Zhang Juan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Race, Education and Citizenship: Mobile Malaysians, British Colonial Legacies and a Culture of Migration, Sin Yee Koh (2017) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 293 pp., ISBN: 9781137503435, h/bk, £99.99
Marriage Migration in Asia: Emerging Minorities at the Frontiers of Nation-States, Sari K. Ishii (ed.) (2016) Singapore: NUS Press, 216 pp., ISBN: 9789814722100, p/bk, SGD 38.00
Plant spacing and phosphate fertilization on costus
Authors: Da Luz Petterson Baptista , De Paiva Sobrinho Severino , Tavares Armando Reis 
Published: September 2018

The Cheilocostus speciosus is a species with ornamental potential, but the lack of scientific and technical information for fertilization and management of cut flowers production, turns essential to research in this area on floriculture. The aim of this work was to evaluate the production of C. speciosus fertilized with different levels of phosphate and plant spacing. Four treatments were used in a factorial scheme, with two plant spacing (1.20 x 0.80 m and 1.20 x 1.60 m) and two levels of phosphate fertilization (35 and 70 g per plant). The variables analyzed were number of vegetative stems, clump height, number of inflorescences, inflorescence diameter, inflorescence height and stem with inflorescence height. The interaction plant spacing and P doses for height of stem with inflorescence showed that the 1.20 x 0.8 m spacing presented the best results independently of the P dose applied and for clump height treatment the spacing 1.20 x 0.80 m and 35 g P showed the best results. Phosphorus fertilization had no effect on C. speciosus flower production for all other variables analyzed, and the spacing 1.2 x 0.8 m is recommended for C. speciosus flower production.
A Late Antique Loan of Money on Mortgage
Authors: Koroli Aikaterini 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The article presents an edition of a Greek papyrus belonging to the Austrian National Library. Its recto contains a long fragment of a money loan upon mortgage, which was drawn up in the capital of the Herakleopolite nome, and is one of the rare instances where the borrowers are a married couple. One of its main points of interest is the sum of the borrowed money, which amounts to thirty-six golden solidi. The verso preserves the remains of at least two unspecified texts.
Zu einer Innerdemotischen Parallele für die Übertragene Verwendung von Mèdr „Ohr = Henkel“ In P.Berlin 6848, 1/21
Authors: Bojowald Stefan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this contribution, a new approach to interpreting the semantic shift of the word mÈDr from „ear‟ to „handle“ in P.Berlin 6848 1/21 is undertaken. The main focus is on a comparison in Medinet Habu Ostrrakon 4038 A (14-17) which shows the same development in the word „on.t‟ „claw“.