bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengukuran Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMA Kelas X di Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Muawanah Siti 
Published: July 2018

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui kelayakan instrumen penilaian yang dikembangkan sesuai dengan spesifikasi standar tes; (2) mengetahui kemampuan instrumen penilaian yang dikembangkan dalam mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan R&D dengan mengadaptasi model Borg and Gall yang dimodifikasi menjadi sembilan bagian, yaitu pengumpulan informasi, perencanaan produk, pengembangan draf produk, uji coba lapangan awal, dan revisi I, uji coba lapangan, revisi II, uji pelaksanaan lapangan, dan diseminasi. Analisis data menggunakan program Quest. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) instrumen penilaian layak sesuai dengan spesifikasi standar tes; (2) instrumen penilaian yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan hasil siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sangat tinggi yaitu 8,25 %; siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah tinggi sebesar 65,97 %; siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sedang sebesar 17,53%; siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah rendah sebesar 8,25% yang dilakukan pada 3 SMA di kabupaten Klaten.
Kata kunci: penilaian, pengukuran, pemecahan masalah

MEASURING PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT’S GRADE X IN KLATEN
Abstract
This study aims to investigate: (1) the appropriateness of assessment instrument to measure students problem solving skill according to the standardized test, (2) the capability of assessment instrument for measuring student’s problem solving skills.This study is research and development that adapted Borg & Gall models modified into nine steps: collecting information, planning product, developing product, preliminary field testing, main field revision, main field testing, operational product revision, operational field testing, and dissemination. The result of the study are (1) essay test items that are valid to measure problem solving skills according to the standardized test; (2) the items are used to measure problem solving skills at 3 schools in Klaten District. The result of capability instrument to measure problem solving skills from 97 students indicated; very high grade 8,25%; high grade 65,97; medium grade 17,53%; and low grade 8,25%.
Keywords: assessment, measuring, problem solving skill
Pengembangan Buku Berjendela pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Astutik Indah Puji , Rasiman Rasiman , Handayani Diana Endah 
Published: July 2018

FLAPPED BOOK DEVELOPMENT FOR GRADE V SCIENCE LEARNING
Abstract
The aims of this study are: 1) to develop an instructional media on the function of human digestive organs and its relation with food and health topic for grade V students, and 2) to know the characteristics, and 3) to develop the Fllaped Book that meet the valid and practical criteria. This research used ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) model. The data of this study were obtained from media expert judgement questionnaire, science subject matter expert judgement questionnaire, teacher response questionnaire, and student response questionnaire. The result of analysis from media expert judgement is 91.75% with very feasible category, subject matter expert judgemnet at 91% with very feasible category , teacher response questionnaire at 96% with very feasible category and student response questionnaire at 98% with very feasible category. So it indicates that the Flapped Book is 1) able to facilitate the students in understanding the topic and 2) can be use as the instructional media of science learning on the functions of human digestive organs topic for grade V students.
Keywords: Development, Flapped Book, Science Learning.
MODEL JARINGAN RANTAI PASOK PASAR TRADISIONAL UNTUK KOMODITAS GULA KRISTAL PUTIH DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Sutandi Sutandi 
Published: July 2018

The traditional market is a trading entity that supports the Indonesian economy to absorb labor force of 12.5 million spread over 13,450 traders traditional markets. But in the traditional market development driven by the modern market presence is indicated by the decline in the trade share of 2% per year (AC Nielsen, 2011). Policies that have not yet noticed the problem in the traditional markets, namely the long supply chain system and undergo several stages of transfer of ownership. The transfer of ownership will lead to inefficiency of distribution channels, resulting in the increase in distribution costs and the selling price of goods. Commodities white crystal sugar is one of the staples which directly influence the dynamics of price inflation. The impact of supply shortages and inefficient distribution networks creates white sugar white sugar price volatility in the country. The purpose of this research to develop a supply chain network model of traditional markets for commodities white sugar with a case study of West Java. Thesolution model using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) with the help of software Lingo 9.0 version. From the test results the model developed total logistics costs proposed model is Rp. 160.403.940.760, - per year. With the decision to open 9 (nine) distributor, three (3) sub-distributor and seven (7) wholesale. The results of the proposed model lowers the cost of 31% of the existing condition of the distribution network of traditional market after the increase in warehouse capacity by 11%. Meanwhile, when compared with the modern market distribution network which has a total cost of logistics Rp.160.804.298.500,- per year. So the total cost of the proposed lower logistic models.
Kajian Yuridis Pembuktian dengan Informasi Elektronik dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Perdata di Pengadilan
Authors: Heniyatun Heniyatun , Iswanto Bambang Tjatur , Sulistyaningsih Puji 
Published: July 2018

Perkembangan teknologi dan perkembangan Informasi Elektronik yang semakin pesat saat ini sangat memudahkan untuk memperoleh akses informasi relatif lebih cepat, misalnya sekarang ini orang berkirim surat tidak lagi menggunakan jasa pos, akan tetapi sudah melalui e-mail, karena penggunaan e-mail dianggap lebih murah dan cepat. Informasi Elektronik juga berperan dalam berbagai kegiatan misalnya dalam bidang pendidikan, bisnis, sosial dan berbagai kegiatan lainnya. Elektronik Data Interchange (EDI) sudah sejak lama digunakan. Persoalan mulai timbul ketika salah satu pihak dianggap merugikan pihak lain dengan penggunaan Informasi Elektronik tersebut. Kemudian yang menjadi permasalahan yaitu jika persoalan tersebut berakhir di pengadilan apakah Informasi Elektronik tersebut dapat dipakai sebagai alat bukti, dan bagaimana cara membuktikannya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji apakah Informasi Elektronik dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti dalam pemeriksaan perkara di pengadilan, dan bagaimana cara melakukan pembuktian dengan menggunakan Informasi Elektronik tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu data utama dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan, sedangkan data pendukung dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kepada para responden. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis, yang diolah dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Informasi Elektronik dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara perdata. Informasi Elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah dalam perkara perdata karena dikatagorikan sebagai alat bukti tertulis. Pasal 5 ayat (2) UU ITE mengatur bahwa Dokumen Elektronik (termasuk Informasi Elektronik) sebagai perluasan dari alat bukti yang sah sesuai dengan hukum acara yang berlaku di Indonesia. Adapun cara melakukan pembuktian dengan mengunakan alat bukti Informasi Elektronik dalam perkara perdata yaitu dengan menampilkan Informasi Elektronik di sidang pengadilan agar Informasi Elektronik tersebut dapat dianggap sebagai bukti digital dengan format yang dapat terbaca dan masih dalam format asli. Informasi Elektronik dapat digolongkan ke dalam alat bukti tertulis, sehingga cara pembuktiannya yaitu dengan mencetak atau menampilkannya pada saat persidangan, dan harus cocok/ sesuai dengan aslinya, namun untuk memastikan kebenarannya hakim dapat meminta keterangan dari saksi ahli.
REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS FOR BORROWING WAQF MONEY AT THE RUMELIA IN THE OTTOMAN PERIOD
Authors: Çınar Hüseyin , Çınar Hüseyin 
Published: July 2018

Para vakıfları Osmanlı döneminde kendine has uygulamaları ile vakfedilen diğer akarlar içinde ayrı bir yere sahipti. Bu dönemde para vakıfları ile ilgili tartışmaların merkezinde daha çok paranın vakfedilmesinin hukukî yönü ve uygulamada ortaya çıkan bazı idari ve mali tasarruf usulleri yer almıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde beş asrı aşan bir zaman diliminde para vakfı uygulamalarına sıkça rastlanmış öyle ki çoğu zaman pek çok vakfın tek gelir kaynağı vakıf para olmuştur. Osmanlı döneminde Rumeli’de / Balkan coğrafyasında kurulan vakıfların gelir kalemleri arasında yer alan paranın kullandırılmasında, bir başka ifade ile işletilmesinde uyulması gereken kurallar, vakıf kurucularının talepleri / şartları arasında ne şekilde yer almıştır? Bu çalışmada Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi’ndeki vakfiyelerden yola çıkılarak, para vakıflarının yaygın bir uygulama alanı bulduğu Osmanlı’nın Rumeli coğrafyasında kurulan vakıflardaki para kullandırma usulleri üzerine bir durum tespiti ve değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Böylece vakıf kurucusunun vakıf paranın işletilmesi sırasında doğabilecek zararı aza indirmek için başvurduğu yöntem ve şartlar bir nebze de olsa gözler önüne serilecek ve vakıf kurucularının iç dünyalarına bir yolculuk yapılacaktır.
Elevated markers of brain injury as a result of clinically asymptomatic high-acceleration head impacts in high-school football athletes
Authors: Joseph Jacob R. , Swallow Jennylee S. , Willsey Kylene , Lapointe Andrew P. , Khalatbari Shokoufeh , Korley Frederick K. , Oppenlander Mark E. , Park Paul , Szerlip Nicholas J. , Broglio Steven P. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEThis prospective observational cohort study of high-school football athletes was performed to determine if high-acceleration head impacts (HHIs) that do not result in clinically diagnosed concussion still lead to increases in serum levels of biomarkers indicating traumatic brain injury (TBI) in asymptomatic athletes and to determine the longitudinal profile of these biomarkers over the course of the football season.METHODSSixteen varsity high-school football athletes underwent baseline neurocognitive testing and blood sampling for the biomarkers tau, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), neurofilament light protein (NF-L), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs). All athletes wore helmet-based accelerometers to measure and record head impact data during all practices and games. At various time points during the season, 6 of these athletes met the criteria for HHI (linear acceleration > 95g and rotational acceleration > 3760 rad/sec2); in these athletes a second blood sample was drawn at the end of the athletic event during which the HHI occurred. Five athletes who did not meet the criteria for HHI underwent repeat blood sampling following the final game of the season. In a separate analysis, all athletes who did not receive a diagnosis of concussion during the season (n = 12) underwent repeat neurocognitive testing and blood sampling after the end of the season.RESULTSTotal tau levels increased 492.6% ± 109.8% from baseline to postsession values in athletes who received an HHI, compared with 164% ± 35% in athletes who did not receive an HHI (p = 0.03). Similarly, UCH-L1 levels increased 738.2% ± 163.3% in athletes following an HHI, compared with 237.7% ± 71.9% in athletes in whom there was no HHI (p = 0.03). At the end of the season, researchers found that tau levels had increased 0.6 ± 0.2 pg/ml (p = 0.003) and UCH-L1 levels had increased 144.3 ± 56 pg/ml (p = 0.002). No significant elevations in serum NF-L, GFAP, or SBDPs were seen between baseline and end-of–athletic event or end-of-season sampling (for all, p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSIn this pilot study on asymptomatic football athletes, an HHI was associated with increased markers of neuronal (UCH-L1) and axonal (tau) injury when compared with values in control athletes. These same markers were also increased in nonconcussed athletes following the football season.
Hypertension referrals from community pharmacy to general practice: multivariate logistic regression analysis of 131 419 patients
Authors: Albasri Ali , Prinjha Suman , McManus Richard J , Sheppard James P 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe burden of hypertension in primary care is high, and alternative models of care, such as pharmacist management, have shown promise. However, data describing outcomes from routine consultations between pharmacists and patients with hypertension are lacking.AimTo identify factors associated with referral of patients from pharmacies to general practice within the first 2 weeks of starting a new antihypertensive medication.Design and settingMultivariate logistic regression conducted on data from community pharmacies in England.MethodData were obtained from the New Medicine Service between 2011 and 2012. Analyses were conducted on 131 419 patients. In all, 15 predictors were included in the model, grouped into three categories: patient-reported factors, demographic factors, and medication-related factors.ResultsMean patient age was 65 years (±13 years), and 85% of patients were of white ethnicity. A total of 5895 (4.5%) patients were referred by a pharmacist to a GP within the first 2 weeks of starting a new antihypertensive medication. Patients reporting side effects (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 11.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.85 to 12.41) were most likely to be referred. Prescriptions for alpha-blockers were associated with referral (adjusted OR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.47), whereas patients receiving angiotensin-II receptor blockers were less likely to be referred (adjusted OR 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.99).ConclusionMost patients were followed up by pharmacists without the need for referral. Patient-reported side effects, medication-related concerns, and the medication class prescribed influenced referral. These data are reassuring, in that additional pharmacist involvement does not increase medical workload appreciably, and support further development of pharmacist-led hypertension interventions.
Stability of CH3NCO in Astronomical Ices under Energetic Processing: A Laboratory Study
Authors: Maté B. , Molpeceres G. , Tanarro I. , Peláez R. J. , Guillemin J. C. , Cernicharo J. , Herrero V. J. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO) was recently found in hot cores and suggested to exist on comet 67P/CG. The incorporation of this molecule into astrochemical networks requires data on its formation and destruction. In this work, ices of pure CH3NCO and of CH3NCO(4%–5%)/H2O mixtures deposited at 20 K were irradiated with a UV D2 lamp (120–400 nm) and bombarded by 5 keV electrons to mimic the secondary electrons produced by cosmic rays (CRs). The destruction of CH3NCO was studied using IR spectroscopy. After processing, the ν
a–NCO band of CH3NCO disappeared and IR bands corresponding to CO, CO2, OCN−, and HCN/CN− appeared instead. The products of photon and electron processing were very similar. Destruction cross sections and half-life doses were derived from the measurements. Water ice provides a good shield against UV irradiation (half-life dose of ∼64 eV molecule−1 for CH3NCO in water ice), but is not so good against high-energy electrons (half-life dose ∼18 eV molecule−1). It was also found that CH3NCO does not react with H2O over the temperature range 20–200 K. These results indicate that hypothetical CH3NCO in the ices of dense clouds should be stable against UV photons and relatively stable against CRs over the lifetime of a cloud (∼107 yr), and could sublime in the hot core phase. On the surface of a Kuiper Belt object (the original location of comet 67P/CG) the molecule would be swiftly destroyed, by both photons and CRs, but embedded below just 10 μm of water ice, the molecule could survive for ∼109 yr.
Comparative Effectiveness of 8- and 12-Week Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Regimens for HCV Infection
Authors: Ojha Rohit P , MacDonald Brooke R , Chu Tzu-Chun , Fasanmi Esther O , Moore Jonathan D , Stewart Rachel A 
Published: July 2018

Background Real-world studies have aimed to compare the effects of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens on sustained virological response (SVR) among HCV infection genotype-1 (HCV-1) treatment-naive patients. Nevertheless, real-world comparative effectiveness studies pose unique challenges, such as confounding by indication, that were not adequately addressed in prior studies. We thus aimed to address limitations in prior studies and compare overall- and subgroup-specific effectiveness of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens among HCV-1 treatment-naive patients. Methods Patients eligible for our study were aged ≥18 years and initiated 8- or 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens for treatment-naive HCV-1 at an urban public hospital network. We excluded patients with HIV or cirrhosis. We used marginal structural models to estimate overall and subgroup-specific risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence limits (CL) comparing the effect of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens on 12-week SVR. Results Our study population comprised 191 patients. Among both regimens, the majority were aged >50 years, non-Hispanic White and uninsured. The overall risk of SVR was comparable between the 8- and 12-week regimens (RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.92, 1.11). The risk of SVR did not vary by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black: RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.84, 1.21; non-Hispanic White: RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.89, 1.04). Conclusions Our real-world results suggest that 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir have comparable effects on SVR among HCV-1 patients without cirrhosis or HIV. In addition, the comparable effectiveness of 8- and 12-week regimens among non-Hispanic Black individuals adds to the growing body of evidence that supports the removal of race-based treatment guidelines.
D’autres points de vue sur l’Académie de peinture de Marseille : une lettre anonyme, un libelle, un brouillon de discours
Authors: Bonfait Olivier 
Published: July 2018

Cette contribution édite et étudie trois textes inédits : une lettre anonyme de 1763 au recteur de l’Académie Verdiguier, l’informant de rumeurs contre l’Académie et de la possibilité de leur publication ; un libelle de 1780 adressée par certains membres de l’Académie à son protecteur, le Surintendant des bâtiments du Roi, demandant une réforme de l’institution ; un brouillon de discours du secrétaire de l’Académie, Moullinneuf, qui demande à ses collègues académiciens de revenir à une observation fidèle aux premiers principes de l’institution, afin de restaurer le lustre ancien de celle-ci. Elle montre ainsi qu’il existe une autre histoire possible de l’Académie que la chronique idéalisante dressée par l’érudition positiviste au xixe siècle, faite de tensions, et parfois d’échecs, mais qui permet de mieux comprendre les enjeux de cette école académique dans la France des Lumières.
Morphological Analysis of Frontier Villages in Cyprus
Authors: Zafer Comert Nevter , Edgu Erincik , Ozgece Nezire 
Published: July 2018

Borders may be built for security reasons however; they also demarcate administrative, economic, socio-cultural, ethnic or religious divergence. Borders change the destinies of the societies at both sides because they affect the process of urban development and delimit the economic and socio-cultural interactions. Cyprus has been experiencing an interrupted continuity along the border, i.e. green line, under the rule of UN that divides north from the south. In this regard the aim of the study is to figure out how the de facto borders affect the configuration of villages upon their existing position. As a part of an ongoing research which investigates all eleven frontier villages and towns located along the border line, this paper only focuses on the morphological and syntactic comparison of four frontier villages. Within this context, initial exploration is about the village morphologies by means of Morphological Regions based on the evolutionary insights of Conzen (2004) and Whitehand (2009). Additionally, considering shifted centrality and transformed social gathering spaces, research discusses the applicability of the comparative analyses of syntactic and morphological methods in order to reveal the characteristics of the frontier villages. The preliminary findings of the research indicates that edge villages located along the green line have a controlled spatial development with dead ends and loop layouts, where the spatial configuration presents an introverted structure. On the other hand, villages divided by the green line, presents a relatively integrated spatial structure developed on both sides of the border, maintaining traditional centrality along with emphasizing forced territoriality. References: Conzen MRG, 2004, Morphogenesis and Structure of the Historic townscape in Britain: ed. M.P Conzen in Thinking About Urban Form: Papers on Urban Morpholgoy 1932-1998, Peter Lang, London Hillier, B. (1996) Space is the machine (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). Whitehand, J.W.R. (2009) ‘The structure of urban landscapes: strengthening research and practice’, Urban Morphology 13, 5‐27, University of Birmingham