bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of change in fertility desire on change in family planning use: A longitudinal investigation in urban Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Srivastava Ujjaval , Singh Anjali , Verma Prashant , Singh Kaushalendra Kumar 
Published: June 2019

Background: Reproductive choice is one of the rights of any woman, but women are often ambivalent towards fertility desires and choice of contraception. Our study explores how the change in fertility desires influence the change in use of modern contraception over time in six cities of Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods: Data for this study comes from the Measurement, Learning and Evaluation (MLE) Project for Urban Health Initiative in six cities of Uttar Pradesh. Our study sample consists of 8735 women (weighted n=8655) who were fertile, non-sterilized and non-pregnant at the time of baseline survey. Potential bias due to lost to follow up was addressed using inverse probability weighing and then generalized estimating equations were applied to get odds for change in use of modern contraceptives. Results: Contraceptive use increased by different magnitudes from baseline to endline across all six cities. At baseline and endline, women who desired no more children reported a higher use of modern contraception than those who desired more children over time. Women from all cities who desired no more children at baseline had higher odds of modern contraceptive use than that of women who desired more children. The tempo of change in use of modern contraception over time among women with different fertility desires differed across the considered cities. Conclusion: Although there were city-wise differences observed, women’s fertility intentions have an impact on their use of modern contraceptives over the time period between baseline to endline. To obtain greater insight into city-level differences, mixed method studies will be more effective.
Immunolocalization of hexose transporters in ostriches' intestinal epithelial cells during their first postnatal week
Authors: Hussar Piret , Järveots Tõnu , Dūrītis Ilmārs 
Published: June 2019

Although hexoses glucose and fructose serve as important energy sources of food, up to now, there is little information about hexose transporters in birds’ intestinal epithelium during their first postnatal week. The aim of the investigation was to carry out an immunohistochemical study of integral membrane proteins glucose transporter-2 and -5 (GLUT-2 and GLUT-5) on intestinal epithelial cells of ostrich chicks during their first postnatal week.
The material from duodenum and ileum was collected from 9 female ostriches (Struthio camelus var. Domesticus) divided into three age groups, three birds in each group: chicks immediately after hatching, 3-day-old ostriches and 7-day-old chicks. The material was fixed in 10% formalin, embedded into paraffin, slices 7μm thick were cut followed by immunohistochemical staining with polyclonal primary antibodies Rabbit anti- GLUT-2 and Rabbit anti-GLUT-5, carried out according to the manufacturer’s guidelines (IHC kit, Abcam, UK).
Immunohistochemical localization of GLUT-2 and -5 in the intestinal epithelial cells in ostriches of different age groups was determined. In the groups of chicks after hatching and 3-day-old ostriches, enterocytes in duodenal epithelium were mostly unstained and goblet cells stained weakly for both antibodies. Weak staining of enterocytes and goblet cells was also noted in the ileal epithelium of the chick after hatching. Moderate staining of goblet cells was noted in the 3-day-old chicks’ ileal epithelium. In 7-day-old ostriches, the expression of both antibodies was weak in duodenal but moderate in ileal epithelial cells.
The pattern of immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-2 and GLUT-5 in ostriches’ intestinal epithelial cells confirms our hypothesis that the intestinal tract of ostriches after hatching is not yet entirely capable of transportation of hexoses and showed that it is completing gradually during the first postnatal week.
Risk of Developing Metachronous Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia After Polypectomy in Patients With Multiple Diminutive or Small Adenomas
Authors: Kim Nam Hee , Jung Yoon Suk , Lee Mi Yeon , Park Jung Ho , Park Dong Il , Sohn Chong Il 
Published: June 2019

INTRODUCTION:
Current post-polypectomy guidelines recommend a 3-year surveillance interval for ≥3 nonadvanced adenomas (NAAs) without discrimination between diminutive (1–5 mm) and small (6–9 mm) adenomas. We compared the risk of metachronous advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN) among these groups.

METHODS:
We studied 9,733 patients who underwent ≥1 adenoma removal and follow-up colonoscopic surveillance. Patients were classified based on baseline adenoma characteristics: group 1, 1–2 NAAs (n = 8,051); group 2, ≥3 diminutive NAAs (n = 293); group 3, ≥3 small NAAs (n = 258); and group 4, advanced adenomas (AAs) (n = 1,131).

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study population was 45.8 ± 8.2 years. In group 4, most patients (94.5%) had 1 AA. The 3- and 5-year cumulative incidence rates of metachronous ACRN in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 0.9%, 2.8%, 3.5%, and 4.0% and 3.1%, 10.7%, 15.1%, and 8.5%, respectively. Groups 2, 3, and 4 had a higher risk of metachronous ACRN than group 1. Compared with those for group 1, adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for metachronous ACRN were 2.07 (1.16–3.68), 3.29 (1.94–5.56), and 2.73 (2.00–3.72) for groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively. However, this relationship was statistically insignificant between groups 2, 3, and 4. Compared with those for group 2, adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for groups 3 and 4 were 1.59 (0.76–3.30) and 1.32 (0.72–2.42), respectively, and 0.83 (0.47–1.46) for group 4 compared with group 3. The results of patients aged ≥50 years were identical to those of all patients.

DISCUSSION:
Risk of metachronous ACRN was not different between patients aged ≥50 years who underwent polypectomy of ≥3 diminutive NAAs, ≥3 small NAAs, and AA, thus supporting current guidelines that recommend a uniform surveillance interval for these lesions.
Novel HLA Class I Alleles Outside the Extended DR3 Haplotype Are Protective against Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Lammert Craig , McKinnon Elizabeth J. , Chalasani Naga , Phillips Elizabeth J. 
Published: June 2019

INTRODUCTION:
HLA class II allele, DRB1*03:01, is the most common genetic risk factor for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), but other unrecognized HLA related risks exist.

METHODS:
We compared the HLA class I (A, B, C) and class II (DR, DQ, DP) typing between patients with well-characterized AIH and healthy controls by high resolution sequencing of the HLA region. Seventy-three patients with AIH and 87 healthy controls were included. Association between HLA alleles and AIH was considered singly and in clusters and adjusted for age, gender, and DRB1*03:01.

RESULTS:

DRB1*03:01 was singly associated with AIH among whites (odds ratio [OR]: 3.09, P = 0.002) and carriers of DRB1*03:01 also carried DQA*05:01 and DQB1*02:01. Significant HLA class I alleles were associated with AIH including those belonging to the A03 (OR: 0.4, P = 0.01) and B44 supertype (OR: 0.44, P = 0.03). Further refinement of HLA-A by binding pocket structure revealed that the sequence Y(F/T)AVMENV(H/Q)Y, corresponding to HLA-A alleles A*03:01-02; *31:01; *32:02, was protective for AIH (OR: 0.3, P = 0.002). A protective association also existed for alleles belonging to the HLA-B binding pocket structure Y(H/Y)TVKEISNY (OR: 0.35, P = 0.01), corresponding to HLA-B alleles: B*40:01-02; *41:02; *44:02-03; *45:01; *49:01; *50:01-02. Associations with specific class I alleles belonging to the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (HLA-A*01:01, HLA-B*08:01, HLA-C*07:01) were not significant when considered jointly with DRB1*03:01 and reported protective class I alleles.

DISCUSSION:
Our study identified novel supertypes and HLA-A and B peptide binding structures protective against AIH. Further risk assessment of class I molecules remains important in AIH as they are key mediators of adaptive immunity.
Pertumbuhan dan produksi dua varietas selada (Lactuca sativa l.) pada berbagai tingkat naungan dengan metode hidroponik
Authors: Hakim M Arif Rohman , Sumarsono Sumarsono , Sutarno Sutarno 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The study aims to determine the growth and production of two varieties of lettuce at various levels of shade by hydroponic methods. This research was done by using serie experiment by Randomized Block Design with 3 bloks. Treatment of varieties with 3 series groups on each shade treatment. The shade treatment consisted of four shaded treatment levels (N0), 50% Shade (N1), 60% Shade (N2), and 70% Shade (N3). every shade was tested 2 varieties of lettuce Romain Romain green varieties (V1) and Romain lettuce varieties Tiberius (V2). Parameters observed for plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight of plant, and dry weight of plant. The results showed that shade levels increased plant height in 50% and 60% shade, but decreased leaf number, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight as shade level increased. Tiberius varieties produce higher plant height, leaf number, and wet weight significantly higher than Green Romain varieties. Keywords :Lettuce, shades, varieties, hydroponic ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan dan produksi dua varietas selada pada berbagai tingkat naungan dengan metode hidroponik. Penelitian ini dilakukan percobaan seri dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 kelompok. Perlakuan varietas dengan 3 kelompok seri pada setiap perlakuan naungan. Perlakuan naungan terdiri dari empat taraf perlakuan yaitu tanpa naungan (N0), Naungan 50% (N1), Naungan 60% (N2), dan Naungan 70% (N3). Pada setiap naungan dicobakan 2 varietas selada yaitu selada Romain varietas Green Romain (V1) dan selada Romain varietas Tiberius (V2). Parameter yang diamati tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat naungan menaikkan tinggi tanaman pada naungan 50% dan 60%, tetapi menurunkan jumlah daun, luas daun, berat basah, dan berat kering seiring dengan meningkatnya tingkat naungan. Varietas Tiberius menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat basah lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibandingkan varietas Green Romain. Kata kunci : Selada, naungan, varietas, hidroponik
Pengaruh substitusi pupuk anorganik dengan pupuk herbal organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum mill) varietas permata
Authors: Sari Rifaya Dania , Budiyanto Susilo , Sumarsono Sumarsono 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to observe of subtitution of inorganic fertilizer with organic herbs fertilizer on growth and production of tomato plants. The research used Monofactor Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications. The treatment that substitution of inorganic fertilizer with organic herbal fertilizer were 100%+0% (T0); 80%+20% (T1); 60%+40% (T2); (T3) 40%+60% (T3);20%+80% (T4); 0%+100% (T5). Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, number of fruit and weight of fresh fruit. Data were analysis of variabel (F Test) and further test with Tukey Multiple Range Test (BNT). The results showed that the substitution of fertilizer on treatment T3 (40% of inorganic fertilizers + 60% organic herbal fertilizer) can give number of leaves, number of flowers, number of fruit and weight of fresh fruit higher than compared with the other treatment. However, no significant effect on plant height. Keywords: Tomato varieties of permata, organic herbal fertilizer, dosage ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi pupuk anorganik dengan pupuk herbal organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat. Penelitian menggunakan percobaan Monofaktor Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikanadalah substitusi pupuk anorganik dengan pupuk herbal organik yaitu 100%+0% (T0); 80%+20% (T1); 60%+40% (T2); (T3) 40%+60% (T3);20%+80% (T4); 0%+100% (T5). Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah dan berat buah segar. Data diolah dengan analisis ragam (Uji F) dan uji lanjut denganBeda Nyata Terkecil (BNT).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi pupuk pada perlakuan T3(40% pupuk anorganik + 60% pupuk herbal organik) dapat menghasilkan jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah dan berat segar buah tomat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Kata kunci: tomat varietas permata, pupuk herbal organik, dosis
A Multiobjective Robust Approach for the Design of Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines
Authors: Ahmadian Behrooz Hesam 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a chance-constrained multiobjective optimization framework for the optimal design of gas transmission lines (GTL) in which the total annual cost (TAC) and operability index as the two conflicting objectives are minimized and maximized, respectively. The delivery flow rates are assumed to be random Gaussian variables since the customer demand can be uncertain in the design phase. Accordingly, a robustness measure is introduced in order to quantify the risk of the final design against delivery uncertainties. The proposed model is capable of determining the optimum design variables including the pipeline diameter and thickness along with the location of the compressor stations and their capacities. The effects of design parameters including pipe thickness, pipe diameter and customer demand uncertainty level on the design of a GTL are investigated from economic as well as the robustness point of view. It is shown that the design with the highest nominal pipe size (NPS) and least thickness possible is the optimal design when TAC is considered as the objective function while the design with both the highest NPS and thickness possible shows the highest robustness and flexibility against delivery demand fluctuations. The final decision about the optimal NPS and thickness should be made on the basis of the expected uncertainty of the customer future demand. The results also can quantitatively suggest the required over-design factor that must be considered in the design phase of the GTL for various compressor stations.
T-dual solutions of the Hull–Strominger system on non-Kähler threefolds
Authors: Garcia-Fernandez Mario 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We construct new examples of solutions of the Hull–Strominger system on non-Kähler torus bundles over K3 surfaces, with the property that the connection

∇

{\nabla}

on the tangent bundle is Hermite–Yang–Mills. With this ansatz for the connection

∇

{\nabla}

, we show that the existence of solutions reduces to known results about moduli spaces of slope-stable sheaves on a K3 surface, combined with elementary analytical methods. We apply our construction to find the first examples of T-dual solutions of the Hull–Strominger system on compact non-Kähler manifolds with different topology.
Oppositions, overlaps, and ontologies: The general theory of verbal humor revisited
Authors: Oring Elliott 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe General Theory of Verbal Humor (GTVH) has dominated the discussion of humor theory for the last quarter of a century. It generated a great deal of interest in humor studies by scholars both within and outside the discipline of linguistics. Problems are resident in GTVH, however, which have been inherited from its predecessor the Semantic Script Theory of Humor (SSTH). Script Opposition and Script Overlap are not adequately defined, nor are they sufficient for the identification of a joke-carrying text. The resource of the Logical Mechanism posited by GTVH may have complicated rather than simplified the matter as the list of proposed mechanisms are too loosely defined and woefully incomplete. The Ontological Semantics Theory of Humor (OSTH) has promised to demonstrate the adequacy of the linguistic theories of humor by the ability of computers to process natural language input to discriminate between joke-carrying and non-joke-carrying texts. That promise, also decades old, remains to be fulfilled, and it is questionable whether it can be fulfilled if based on SSTH and GTVH platforms.
The relationship between serum FGF-23 concentration and insulin resistance, prediabetes and dyslipidemia in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Kutluturk Yesim , Akinci Aysehan , Ozerol Ibrahim Halil , Yologlu Saim 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Obesity is known to cause metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and alters bone mineralization. The effects of obesity on fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), which is important in bone mineralization, have not yet been clarified. Our aim was to investigate the association between FGF-23 concentration and obesity-associated dysmetabolism.

Methods
Subjects comprised 46 obese children and adolescents. The same number of age-matched, healthy controls were recruited. Markers of bone mineralization and glucose metabolism were measured. Thyroid function and insulin resistance were investigated in both groups. In obese subjects; an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and hemoglobin A1c and lipid fractions were measured. Bone mineral density and hepatic steatosis were investigated.

Results
Serum FGF-23, α-klotho and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were significantly lower while fasting insulin, fasting glucose, C-peptide and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly higher in the obese group compared to controls. A significant negative correlation was observed between free tri-iodothyronine (fT3) and both FGF-23 and α-klotho in the obese group. Significant negative correlation was found between FGF-23 and C-peptide and a positive correlation was found between FGF-23 and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) in the obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Significant negative correlations were found between FGF-23 and both fasting insulin levels and C-peptide levels in the obese subjects with hepatic steatosis.

Conclusions
In our study, insulin resistance-associated hyperinsulinism and/or lower 1,25(OH)2D3 levels, both present in obese children and adolescents, may lead to decreased serum FGF-23 concentrations in obese subjects.
Socio-cultural and clinician determinants in the maternal decision-making process in the choice for trial of labor vs. elective repeated cesarean section: a questionnaire comparison between Italian settings
Authors: Triunfo Stefania , Minciotti Claudia , Burlon Barbara , Giovannangeli Franca , Danza Michelangela , Tateo Saverio , Lanzone Antonio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify socio-cultural and clinician determinants in the decision-making process in the choice for trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) or elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS) in delivering women.MethodsA tailored questionnaire focused on epidemiological, socio-cultural and obstetric data was administered to 133 patients; of these, 95 were admitted for assistance at birth at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” (FPG) IRCCS, Rome, and 38 at S. Chiara Hospital (SCH), Trento, Italy. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression modeling were performed.ResultsVaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rates were higher at SCH than at FPG (68.4% vs. 23.2%; P < 0.05). Maternal age in the TOLAC/VBAC group was significantly higher at SCH than at FPG (37.1 vs. 34.9 years, P < 0.05). High levels of education and no-working condition corresponded to a lower rate of VBAC. Proposal on delivery mode after a previous CS was missed in the majority of cases. Participation in prenatal course was significantly less among women in the ERCS groups. Using logistic regression, the following determinants were found to be statistically significant in the decision-making process: maternal age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.968 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.941–0.999); P = 0.019], education level [OR = 0.618 (95% CI 0.419–0.995); P = 0.043], information received after the previous CS [OR = 0.401 (95% CI 0.195–1.252); P = 0.029], participation in antenatal courses [OR = 0.534 (95% CI 0.407–1.223); P = 0.045] and self-determination in attempting TOLAC [OR = 0.756 (95% CI 0.522–1.077); P = 0.037].ConclusionIn the attempt to promote person-centered care, increases in TOLAC/VBAC rates could be achieved by focusing on individual maternal needs. Anad hocstrategy for making birth safer should begin from accurate information at the time of the previous CS.
Crystal structure of 2-tert-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, C10H13N3
Authors: Huang Guo-Ling , Chen Xiu-Wen , Chen Lu , Li Yi-Biao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
C10H13N3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 14), a = 9.4795(7) Å, b = 10.7585(10) Å, c = 18.8783(13) Å, V = 1925.3(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0702, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1959, T = 296(2) K.
Determination of 210Po in low-level wild bilberries reference material for quality control assurance in environmental analysis using extraction chromatography and α-particle spectroscopy
Authors: Hurtado-Bermúdez Santiago , Mas José Luis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Certified reference materials (CRM) are being widely used for quality control assurance in environmental analysis. For certain CRM, the analytes and/or the range of concentrations are not be available or certified at all. The Joint Research Centre – Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (JRC-IRMM) of the European Commission has issued a CRM of Wild Berries (IRMM-426) in order to validate radionuclide measurement methods for activity concentrations of the natural radionuclide 40K and the anthropogenic nuclides 90Sr and 137Cs, but not for 210Po. The aim of the work was to determine low-level activity concentration of 210Po in these wild berries. The activity concentration of 210Po was assessed by α-particle spectroscopy after dissolution of the sample by wet digestion and chemical isolation of Po by extraction chromatography. According to the time elapsed since sample collection, the results here shown can be useful not only for ultra low-level analysis of 210Po but also for 210Pb in the reference material.
Más allá de la independencia: editoriales anarquistas colombianas como formaciones culturales y medios alternativos radicales
Authors: Hurtado Tarazona Alejandra 
Published: June 2019

En este artículo se aborda el caso de tres editoriales independientes anarquistas colombianas (Pie de Monte Editorial, Imprenta Comunera y Gato Negro), en aras de estudiar su papel dentro de un contexto editorial en el que impera la concentración del mercado en grandes conglomerados transnacionales. El objetivo principal es analizar de qué modo estas editoriales constituyen (o no) formaciones emergentes y medios alternativos radicales; el concepto de formaciones emergentes se aborda desde la teoría de Raymond Williams, y los medios alternativos radicales desde John Downing y Chris Atton. A partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a los editores y análisis documental, este artículo genera conocimiento inédito en el campo de los estudios editoriales, el cual está en proceso de consolidación en Colombia y Latinoamérica. Se concluye que los proyectos en cuestión ofrecen alternativas a las dinámicas capitalistas neoliberales de las editoriales dominantes, a partir de un modelo de autogestión que apunta hacia un quehacer editorial relacionado con la idea de los comunes (commons).