bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing-Structure-Property Correlation Understanding of Microfibrillated Cellulose Based Dimensional Structures for Ferric Ions Removal
Authors: Karim Zoheb , Svedberg Anna , Lee Koon-Yang , Khan Mohd Jahir 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this research article, wood based microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was studied to gain a better understanding of the process of dependent network formation. Networking potential and obtained properties of the produced dimensional structures could be controlled using opted processing routes. The fabricated dimensional structure, using freeze-drying (FD) is a highly open and porous network (98% porosity) compared to slightly tight, dense and less porous network produced after pressing at 200kN (96% porosity), followed by vacuum-filtered (VF) networks (33% porosity). The porosity (17%) was further decreased when the casting (CS) method was used, further producing a highly dense and compressed network. High water flux (180.8 ± 11 L/m2h) of pressed freeze-dried (PFD) followed by vacuum-filtered (VF) (11.4 ± 1.9 L/m2h) and casting CS (0.7 ± 0.01 L/m2h) were calculated using device. Furthermore, increased water flux (1.4 fold) of Experimental Paper Machine (XPM) based structures was reported in comparison with CS structures. Pore-sized distribution and surface area were measured using Hg porosimetry; they showed an average pore size of 16.5 μm for FD, followed by PFD (8.2 μm) structures. A 27-fold decrease in average pore-size was observed for CS structure in comparison with the FD structures. Highest tensile strength (87 ± 21 MPa) was recorded for CS structures, indicating a more highly compacted network formation compared to VF (82 ± 19 MPa) and PFD (1.6 ± 0.06 MPa). Furthermore, an attempt was made to upscale the VF structures using traditional paper making approach on XMP. Improved tensile strength (73 ± 11 MPa) in machine produced structures is due to alignment of fibers towards machine direction compared to cross directional (43 ± 9 MPa) fractured structures as shown in our Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Surface functionalization of MFC using enzyme (hexokinase) was performed to increase the adsorption efficiency towards ferric ions removal. All fabricated structures were further evaluated for Fe(iii) removal and it was summarized that charge densities of functional groups, produced ζ-potential and networking potential were dominating influential factors for adsorption fluctuation of ferric ions.
Advanced method for fabrication of molecularly imprinted mesoporous organosilica with highly sensitive and selective recognition of glyphosate
Authors: Kim Youngdo , Lee Jaeho , Shin Ik-Soo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, we synthesized molecularly imprinted mesoporous organosilica (MIMO) in the presence of a new precursor having a zwitterionic functional group and an imprint molecule, namely, glyphosate (MIMO-z). The precursor-glyphosate complex engaged in a typical base-catalyzed sol-gel reaction and the introduced zwitterion group remained intact in the framework after the extraction process had been completed. To test the rebinding performance of the target molecule, graphene quantum dots were encapsulated (MIMO-zQ) into pores and the fluorescence intensity change was monitored according to the concentration of glyphosate. When the MIMO-zQ suspension was diluted into the glyphosate solutions, notable fluorescence quenching occurred, right down to sub-nanomolar levels of concentration; 9.2 ± 0.18% quenching at 0.1 nM (0.017 ppb, 17 pg/mL). This result is one of the best reported to date for sensing using MIMO. The synthesized probe also exhibited a distinct signal compared to a series of competing compounds, aminomethylphosphonic acid and glycine; 4.3 ± 0.019% and 3.7 ± 0.041% quenching at 100 nM.
Very high-energy constraints on the infrared extragalactic background light
Authors: Franceschini A. , Foffano L. , Prandini E. , Tavecchio F. 
Published: July 2019

Context. Measurements of the extragalactic background light (EBL) are a fundamental source of information on the collective emission of cosmic sources.
Aims. At infrared wavelengths, however, these measurements are precluded by the overwhelming dominance from interplanetary dust emission and the Galactic infrared foreground. Only at λ >  300 μm, where the foregrounds are minimal, has the infrared EBL (IR EBL) been inferred from analysis of the COBE maps. The present paper aims to assess the possibility of evaluating the IR EBL from a few micrometers up to the peak of the emission at > 100 μm using an indirect method that avoids the foreground problem.
Methods. To this purpose we exploit the effect of pair-production from gamma-gamma interaction by considering the highest-energy photons emitted by extragalactic sources and their interaction with the IR EBL photons. We simulate observations of a variety of low-redshift emitters with the forthcoming Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) arrays (CTA in particular) and water Cherenkov observatories (LHAASO, HAWC, SWGO) to assess their suitability to constrain the EBL at such long wavelengths.
Results. We find that even under the most extremely favorable conditions of huge emission flares, extremely high-energy emitting blazars are not very useful for our purpose because they are much too distant (> 100 Mpc the nearest ones, MKN 501 and MKN 421). Observations of more local AGNs displaying very high-energy emission, like low-redshift radio galaxies (M 87, IC 310, Centaurus A), are better suited and will potentially allow us to constrain the EBL up to λ ≃ 100 μm.
Bauchlagerung bei Beatmung – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Vogt Tobias Bertram , Sensen Barbara , Kluge Stefan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is still a very severe condition in intensive care patients. Prone positioning is known to improve outcome in patients with moderate to severe ARDS. Therefore proning in these patients is nowadays to be regarded as a standard of care. The risks of proning are reasonably low – if proning is done correctly. Therefore a method of proning in a step-by-step-approach is shown in this article.
Chronische Rückenschmerzen, zervikothorakale Myeolopathie und Gewichtsverlust – ein Fallbericht über eine IgG4-assoziierte Erkrankung
Authors: Kiefer David , Kiltz Uta , Braun Jürgen 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Eine 68-jährige Patientin wurde mit seit 6 Monaten bestehender Verschlechterung des Allgemeinzustandes, Rückenschmerzen, 20 kg Gewichtsverlust sowie akuten Paresen der Hände aufgenommen.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Es zeigten sich beidseitige Paresen der Hand- und Fingermuskulatur mit Nachweis entsprechender motorischer Defizite im EMG. Die MRT zeigte eine intraspinale Raumforderung mit Myelonkompression in HWS und BWS. Das Biopsat einer Hemilaminektomie bei HWK 7 zeigte IgG4-positive Plasmazellen, und eine IgG4-assoziierte Erkrankung (IgG4-RD) mit spinalem Pseudotumor wurde diagnostiziert.
Therapie und Verlauf Nach Einleitung einer Therapie mit hochdosierten Glukokortikoiden (GC) und einer Cyclophosphamidpulstherapie verbesserte sich der Allgemeinzustand und die motorischen Defizite der Patientin erheblich.
Folgerung Das ZNS ist eine seltene Manifestation der IgG4-RD. Typischerweise entsteht dabei eine verdrängend wachsende Raumforderung, die in der MRT oder im PET-CT gut dargestellt werden kann und die klinisch meist mit Schmerzen und neurologischen Defiziten imponiert und eine charakteristische Histologie zeigen kann. Initial hochdosierte GC und eine darüber hinausgehende immunsuppressive Therapie führen in der Regel zu gutem klinischen Erfolg.
Unverträglichkeitsreaktionen auf Pflanzen
Authors: Esser P. R. , Müller S. , Martin S. F. 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel beschreiben wir den Fallbericht eines Gärtners mit allergischer Reaktion auf Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe, gehen kurz auf die unterschiedlichen Formen der Kontaktdermatitis (photo-/irritative/allergische) ein und bieten zudem eine Literaturübersicht über kürzlich erschienene Publikationen zum Thema pflanzenvermittelte Kontaktdermatitis.
Review of Dancing Parasites in Lymphatic Filariasis
Authors: Dietrich Christoph F. , Chaubal Nitin , Hoerauf Achim , Kling Kerstin , Piontek Markus Schindler , Steffgen Ludwig , Mand Sabine , Dong Yi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLymphatic filariasis is an infection transmitted by blood-sucking mosquitoes with filarial nematodes of the species Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi und B. timori. It is prevalent in tropical countries throughout the world, with more than 60 million people infected and more than 1 billion living in areas with the risk of transmission. Worm larvae with a length of less than 1 mm are transmitted by mosquitoes, develop in human lymphatic tissue to adult worms with a length of 7–10 cm, live in the human body for up to 10 years and produce millions of microfilariae, which can be transmitted further by mosquitoes. The adult worms can be easily observed by ultrasonography because of their size and fast movements (the so-called “filarial dance sign”), which can be differentiated from other movements (e. g., blood in venous vessels) by their characteristic movement profile in pulsed-wave Doppler mode. Therapeutic options include (combinations of) ivermectin, albendazole, diethylcarbamazine and doxycycline. The latter depletes endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria from the worms and thus sterilizes and later kills the adult worms (macrofilaricidal or adulticidal effect).
Die Duplexsonografie in der Diagnostik der Riesenzellarteriitis
Authors: Löffler Christian , Hellmich Bernhard 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungAufgrund ihrer hohen Inzidenz und des hohen Risikos für Erblindung und Apoplexie muss die Diagnose einer Riesenzellarteriitis rasch gestellt werden. Bei entsprechender klinischer Konstellation mit temporalen Kopfschmerzen, Kauclaudicatio, plötzlichem Visusverlust, Polymyalgia-rheumatica-Symptomatik und konstitutionellen Symptomen ist es mithilfe der Duplexsonografie in der Regel möglich, die Erkrankung zu diagnostizieren. Typische sonografische Befunde als Ausdruck der Gefäßwandinflammation sind echoarme Intima-Media-Verdickungen, Haloformationen, ein positives Kompressionszeichen sowie Stenosen und Vasookklusionen. Dabei kann die Duplexsonografie in geübten Händen hinsichtlich Sensitivität und Spezifität problemlos mit der Temporalisbiopsie, PET/CT und MRT konkurrieren. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit möchten wir die aktuelle Datenlage zur Duplexsonografie darlegen und praktische Hinweise für die Anwendung im Alltag liefern.
Challenges of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation during Pregnancy
Authors: Durga Padmaja , Padhy Shibani , Bardaa Anupama 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCardiac arrest, though rare, is the most feared complication in the pregnant woman as it involves two lives. Most arrests occur because of conditions that result from the pregnancy itself or from preexisting medical conditions exacerbated by the pregnancy. Prompt resuscitative efforts are crucial for favorable outcomes for the mother and fetus. The basic principles of resuscitation during pregnancy such as airway, breathing, and circulation are similar to the resuscitation in a cardiopulmonary arrest in any patient; however, certain modifications are necessary to account for the physiologic changes that occur during the pregnancy. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of the parturient should include uterine tilt or displacement to relieve the compression of the inferior vena cava and aorta by the gravid uterus, intubation using rapid sequence intubation with cricoid pressure, and timely perimortem cesarean section (PMCS). Ideally, the PMCS must be performed within 5 minutes of cardiac arrest if the pregnant woman does not have a return of spontaneous circulation, and resuscitation is deemed unsuccessful. The PMCS is performed if the gestational age is at least 20 weeks or the gravid uterus is evident. A high-quality CPR and multispecialty team approach, consisting of obstetricians, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, neonatologists, and nursing staff, is essential for survival.
Stress Diastolic Function for Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Murki Naveen Kumar , Kala Jeethender Kumar Jain , Mamidi Mythri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction Prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) has increased to alarming levels globally. There is a significant improvement in the noninvasive modalities for the early CAD detection by costly investigations such as computed tomographic (CT) coronary angiogram. The authors want to see the efficacy of adding pulse and tissue Doppler parameters, which is a cheaper modality, to the TMT (treadmill test) stress testing, for the detection of CAD.
Materials and Methods The authors have recruited 51 patients, who were referred for TMT for detection of inducible ischemia. Mean age of the patients was 51.9 years. Patients with renal failure, rhythm disturbances, and hypertension more than stage 1 were excluded. Along with the TMT, basal and exercise pulse wave and tissue Doppler parameters were recorded. These echocardiogram parameters were compared with presence and absence of CAD, along with the severity of CAD (SVD [single-vessel disease], DVD [double-vessel disease], and TVD [triple-vessel disease]) on a conventional coronary angiogram (CAG).There was no statistical difference between basal and after TMT in pulse wave diastolic parameters (basal E-wave velocities: 0.76 ± 0.18 vs. 0.88 ± 0.22, p = 0.29: after TMT: 1.03 ± 0.22 vs. 1.12 ± 0.21, p = 0.29) for detection of CAD on CAG. However, most tissue Doppler velocities were significantly different both in basal and after TMT in CAD group when compared with no-CAD group (S′ septal, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.002, E′ septal, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.0015, A′ septal, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.0195, S′ lateral, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.0018, E′ lateral, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.0016, S′ Inferior, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.0036, A′ inferior, basal, and after TMT, p = 0.023). Average E/E′ after TMT for DVD was 12.29 ± 2.09 (vs. no-CAD 10.70 ± 2.00) and for TVD it was 12.2 ± 2.19 (vs. no-CAD 10.69 ± 2.1), which were statistically significantly higher than no-CAD (p = 0.02, p = 0.02).
Conclusion Tissue Doppler velocities of different left ventricular (LV) walls (S′, E′, A′ of septal; S′, E′, of lateral; S′, A′ of inferior) in CAD at basal and after TMT were different from the no-CAD group, which were statistically different. Ratios such as E/E′, E/A′ of septal, lateral, and inferior, after TMT were useful for the detection of not only the presence of CAD but also for the severity of the CAD (for DVD: 12.29 ± 2.09 vs. 10.70 ± 2.00, p = 0.023; TVD: 12.2 ± 2.19 vs. 10.69 ± 2.1, p = 0.023). In conclusion, diastolic stress evaluation is useful to predict the occurrence of CAD and its severity.
Post-Traumatic Septic Bone Sequestration in Three Dogs
Authors: Hayes Graham , Harris Karen , Langley-Hobbs Sorrel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFormation of discreet bony sequestra is reported in three dogs presenting with post-traumatic osteomyelitis with no previous history of orthopaedic surgery. Two cases had a presumed or confirmed history of dog bites, while the third case had a fracture treated conservatively. All three were treated with surgical debridement and sequestrectomy with good outcome.
Blood Lead Level of Children and its Trend in Mitrovica, Kosova
Authors: Shabani Driton , Murtezani Ardiana , Tahirbegolli Bernard , Bozalija Adnan , Alili-Idrizi Edita , Ibraimi Zana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEnvironmental exposure to lead is considered to be one of the most important hazards to the health of children. Most commonly exposed are those who are poor and live in developing countries. The environmental lead pollution problem in the Roma Mahala neighborhood of Mitrovica was discovered through the appearance of high blood lead levels (BLLs) in children living there. The aim of our study was to investigate the BLLs in children according to gender, age, and area of residence. This study describes the results from a 7-year retrospective study (January 2010–April 2017) based on BLLs conducted on children aged 0 to 13 years living in all three districts of Mitrovica. The survey included 331 children. Blood lead analysis was performed in the laboratory using capillary and venipuncture samples tested by anodic stripping voltammetry using LeadCare II machines. Mean BLLs were the highest in the Roma Mahala with 23.6 mg/dL (standard deviation ± 15.9 µg/dL). We obtained a statistical significance (p < 0.0001) between BLLs according to the settlements. The mean BLLs was higher in the 3 to 4 years aged children group in comparison with other age groups (p = 0.009). In none of the age groups with the Mann–Whitney test we obtained a significant gender difference on BLL (p > 0.05). Lead poisoning levels continue to be a serious problem among children living in Mitrovica over the past several years due to heavy lead pollution. All children from this region should receive environmental evaluations and medical examinations.
Background gamma radiation and soil activity measurements in the northern Marshall Islands
Authors: Abella Maveric K. I. L. , Molina Monica Rouco , Nikolić-Hughes Ivana , Hughes Emlyn W. , Ruderman Malvin A. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
From 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons in the Marshall Islands, a remote constellation of atolls in the Pacific Ocean that was then a US trust territory. Two atolls, Bikini and Enewetak, were used as ground zero for the tests, which caused unprecedented environmental contamination and, for the indigenous peoples of the islands, long-term adverse health effects. In addition to the populations of Bikini and Enewetak, the people of Rongelap and Utirik were also affected by radioactive fallout from the largest nuclear test the United States has ever conducted, the Bravo test held March 1, 1954. This article presents a picture of current radiological conditions by examining external gamma radiation and soil radionuclide activity concentrations.
In situ measurement of cesium-137 contamination in fruits from the northern Marshall Islands
Authors: Topping Carlisle E. W. , Abella Maveric K. I. L. , Berkowitz Michael E. , Molina Monica Rouco , Nikolić-Hughes Ivana , Hughes Emlyn W. , Ruderman Malvin A. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
The United States performed nuclear testing on Bikini and Enewetak Atolls in the northern Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958. Fallout from the largest test Bravo, detonated in 1954, spread over a large area, exposing to radiation not only land and ocean but also Marshallese people living in neighboring atolls, including Rongelap and Utirik. Cesium-137, present in the fallout, has a half-life of approximately 30 y and is readily absorbed by food crops, thus representing a health hazard for island inhabitants. In situ measurements of cesium-137 content were made for fruits from 11 islands on four atolls. Contamination remains above limits set by international safety standards in some measured fruits, and several islands display contamination from this human-made radionuclide.
Vortical structures interaction
Authors: Gaifullin A M , Gadzhiev D A , Zhvick V V , Zoubtsov A V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
As a rule, a fluid flow near solid bodies is corresponded by vortical structures generation. Mathematical methods for study of vortical flows depend on the vortical structures genesis and scale. Four problems connected with the extended vortical structures interaction with each other and with solid bodies are solved in this paper.
Conservation laws and the equivalence group
Authors: Megrabov A G 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe paper generalizes differential conservation laws for the two-dimensional hydrodynamic Euler equations and their equivalent conservation laws for families of streamlines previously derived by the author. Three-dimensional analogues of these results, i.e., differential conservation laws for the three-dimensional hydrodynamic Euler equations, are presented. All conservation laws are divergent identities of the form divF= 0 and are found in two equivalent forms: in “mathematical-physical” form, where the vector fieldFis expressed in terms of quantities included in the Euler equations and their partial derivatives, and in geometric form. The second form represents conservation laws for families of streamlines where the vector fieldFunder the divergence sign is expressed in terms of the classical geometric characteristics of curves — their Frenet unit vectorsτ,ν, andβ(the unit tangent, principal normal, and binormal vectors), the first curvature k, and the second curvatureϰ. Special attention is paid to the geometric interpretation of the obtained conservation laws and their constituent expressions. Issues related to the equivalence group of the eikonal equation and other equations are discussed.All results were obtained using the general vector and geometric formulas (differential conservation laws and other formulas), obtained by the author for families of arbitrary smooth curves, families of arbitrary smooth surfaces, and arbitrary smooth vector fields.
Translational prospects of untethered medical microrobots
Authors: Ceylan Hakan , Yasa Immihan C , Kilic Ugur , Hu Wenqi , Sitti Metin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Untethered mobile microrobots have the potential to transform medicine radically. Their small size and wireless mobility can enable access to and navigation in confined, small, hard-to-reach, and sensitive inner body sites, where they can provide new ways of minimally invasive interventions and targeted diagnosis and therapy down to the cellular length scales with high precision and repeatability. The exponential recent progress of the field at the preclinical level raises anticipations for their near-future clinical prospects. To pave the way for this transformation to happen, however, the formerly proposed microrobotic system designs need a comprehensive review by including essential aspects that a microrobot needs to function properly and safely in given in vivo conditions of a targeted medical problem. The present review provides a translational perspective on medical microrobotics research with an application-oriented, integrative design approach. The blueprint of a medical microrobot needs to take account of microrobot shape, material composition, manufacturing technique, permeation of biological barriers, deployment strategy, actuation and control methods, medical imaging modality, and the execution of the prescribed medical tasks altogether at the same time. The incorporation of functional information pertaining each such element to the physical design of the microrobot is highly dependent on the specific clinical application scenario. We discuss the complexity of the challenges ahead and the potential directions to overcome them. We also throw light on the potential regulatory aspects of medical microrobots toward their bench-to-bedside translation. Such a multifaceted undertaking entails multidisciplinary involvement of engineers, materials scientists, biologists and medical doctors, and bringing their focus on specific medical problems where microrobots could make a disruptive or radical impact.