bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelets in In-stent Restenosis: From Fundamental Role to Possible Prognostic Application
Authors: Haybar Habib , Pezeshki Seyed M.S. , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Introduction of new generations of stents has decreased the percentage of
patients experiencing in-stent restenosis (ISR) following the implantation of stent. However, a large
number of patients are still afflicted with this phenomenon, which necessitates further study of ISR
pathophysiology.

Methods:
Relevant English literature was searched up to 2018 and retrieved form the PubMed database
and Google Scholar search engine. The following keywords were used: "In-stent restenosis",
"Platelet", "Chemokine", "Inflammation", "Vascular smooth muscle cell" and "Neointima".

Results:
Previous studies have shown that ISR is a pathophysiologic response to damage of the artery
wall after its elongation and separation of the atherosclerotic plaque. Development of neointimal
hyperplasia (NIH) following this pathophysiologic response is a function of inflammation
caused by platelets, monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, as well as rapid migration and proliferation
of generally quiescent cells in the median layer of the artery wall.

Conclusion:
After damage to the artery wall, platelets play an essential role in the incidence of NIH
by contributing to inflammation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and extracellular
matrix remodeling, especially via secretion of different chemokines; therefore, developing therapeutic
strategies for platelet inhibition in a controlled manner could be the basis of preventive
treatments in the near future. In this study, for the first time, we hypothesize that evaluation of
platelet activity profile in patients before and after stent implantation may determine the prognosis
and likelihood of ISR.
InGaP Nano-pattern Structure Realized by Thermally Dewetted Au Nanoparticles and Anisotropic Dry Etching
Authors: Lam Nguyen Dinh 
Published: July 2019

Background::
Optical reflection loss can be reduced more than 30% when multilayers
ARC are deposited on the optoelectronic devices surface. Besides that, sub-wavelength structures,
which have a period sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of light, have been introduced as an
antireflection layer to offer a new possibility to suppress the Fresnel reflection. Normally, e-bean and
nano-imprint lithography techniques are used to create nano-scale etch mask patterns. Metallic
nanoparticles, which can be formed by a thermal dewetting process of metal thin film without any
nanolithography techniques, can be utilized as an etch mask for the nano structure fabrications. The
nano-patterned structures were fabricated on a silicon nitride passivation layer of a GaInP/GaAs/Ge
triple-junction solar cell and showed an enhancement of its performance due to improved optical
transmission and current matching.

Objective::
Investigate the influences of InGaP nano-pattern structures on the optical characteristics
and applied for compound solar cells.

Method::
In this report, disordered InGaP nano-pattern structures were formed by thermally dewetted
Au nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching processes. The effects of the InGaP nano-patterned
structure on the optical reflection characteristics were investigated.

Results::
The result indicated that the InGaP nano-patterned structure can reduce the optical reflection
in a wide range of wavelengths and, thus, can work as an antireflection layer. The InGaP nanostructure
can improve up to 14.8% in the short circuit current density compared to that of the planar cell.

Conclusion::
The InGaP nano structures have been successfully fabricated by thermal dewetted Au
nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching methods. The fabricated Au nanoparticles pattern was
found to be the best when annealing temperature is 400°C for 30 minutes with the 5nm thick of Au
film. By controlling dry etching time, the height of InGaP nanostructures can be varied from 95 nm
to 150 nm. With the increasing of the height, the optical reflectance can be down to 22%. The InGaP
nanostructure with the height of 150 nm was also introduced to the window layer of a single junction
GaAs soar cell. The result indicated that the InGaP nanostructure only affects on the short circuit
current density.
Clinical Effectiveness of Cardiocytoprotective Therapy in Patients with Acute Coronar Syndrome (ACS) – Myocardial Infarction (MI), Who Were Performed Balloon Angioplasty and Coronary Artery Stenting
Authors: Shved Mykola , Tsuglevych Lesia , Heryak Svitlana 
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of restorative treatment of patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Miocardial Infarction) by incorporating the protocol therapy for the course of parenteral use of L-arginine and L-carnitine (Tivorel).
It has been determined that patients with ACS (MI) after percutaneous coronary intervention often develop reperfusion syndrome with manifestations of left ventricular insufficiency and rhythm disturbances. Substantial clinical and functional improvement was noted under the influence of standard medical treatment in patients of control group. At the same time postinfarction remodeling with systolic and diastolic function of the heart, with the development of heart failure syndrome and endothelial dysfunction of blood vessels, and also remained resistant to extrasystole therapy, progressed.
Patients in the experimental group under the influence of complex medical treatment with the inclusion of L-arginine and L-carnitine marked a significant decrease in the frequency of violations of rhythm and conduction for the second day of observation, as well as a decrease in the manifestations of post-infarction remodeling of LV, which ultimately manifested a significant improvement in myocardial contractility (EF increased by 13%) and decreased diastolic dysfunction. Improvement of the inotropic function of the heart and a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of reperfusion arrhythmias was achieved precisely due to cardiometabolic effects of L-carnitine. In addition, in patients undergoing additional treatment with L-arginine and L-carnitine after 10 days of treatment, the activity of ET-1 was significantly lowered and the concentration of nitrogen oxide metabolites in the blood plasma increased and reach the level of healthy subjects (p>0.05). So, they recovered the endothelial function of the vessels.
Modern View on the Problem of Treating Minor Dentition Defects with the Use of Zirconium Oxide Ceramic Resin-Bonded Prostheses
Authors: Kumgyr Iryna , Ozhogan Zinoviy 
Published: July 2019

The objective of the research was to substantiate the effective method of treating minor dentition defects in the lateral and frontal areas considering anatomic features, functionality and aesthetic appearance of the prosthesis.
Materials and methods. A new approach to the problem of treating minor dentition defects with the use of zirconium oxide ceramic resin-bonded prostheses was proposed. The method of its manufacturing was described and the indications to the application were clearly explained. The comparative analysis with similar prostheses was conducted and the advantages of the proposed prosthesis were proved. Ceramic resin-bonded prosthesis allowed us to restore the dentition integrity in the presence of small bounded edentulous spaces in the lateral region and to provide high aesthetic qualities and bio-inertness of the prosthesis with maximum approximation to the physiological characteristics of natural teeth.
Results. Thirty-eight patients with small bounded edentulous space in the lateral region were treated with the use of zirconium oxide resin-bonded prosthesis for 18 months. The obtained results of prosthetic treatment indicated that the proposed prosthesis provided an opportunity to restore the aesthetic appearance and integrity of the dentition, to prevent the occurrence of the deformations and to ensure the functionality of the dento-facial system.
Conclusions. The framework made of zirconium oxide allowed us to significantly reduce the depth of hard dental tissue preparation resulting in a great aesthetic appearance thereby providing an opportunity to significantly expand the indications for use. The remote results of treatment indicated the absence of marginal coloration at the margin of indirect restoration and hard dental tissues, namely the marginal ridge, ensuring good aesthetics and functional integrity of the restorative construction.
Building a Medical Education Outcomes Center: Development Study
Authors: Rosenberg Mark E , Gauer Jacqueline L , Smith Barbara , Calhoun Austin , Olson Andrew P J , Melcher Emily 
Published: June 2019

Background
Medical education outcomes and clinical data exist in multiple unconnected databases, resulting in 3 problems: (1) it is difficult to connect learner outcomes with patient outcomes, (2) learners cannot be easily tracked over time through the education-training-practice continuum, and (3) no standard methodology ensures quality and privacy of the data.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to develop a Medical Education Outcomes Center (MEOC) to integrate education data and to build a framework to standardize the intake and processing of requests for using these data.

Methods
An inventory of over 100 data sources owned or utilized by the medical school was conducted, and nearly 2 dozen of these data sources have been vetted and integrated into the MEOC. In addition, the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile data of the University of Minnesota Medical School (UMMS) graduates were linked to the data from the National Provider Identifier (NPI) registry to develop a mechanism to connect alumni practice data to education data.

Results
Over 160 data requests have been fulfilled, culminating in a range of outcomes analyses, including support of accreditation efforts. The MEOC received data on 13,092 UMMS graduates in the AMA Physician Masterfile and could link 10,443 with NPI numbers and began to explore their practice demographics. The technical and operational work to expand the MEOC continues. Next steps are to link the educational data to the clinical practice data through NPI numbers to assess the effectiveness of our medical education programs by the clinical outcomes of our graduates.

Conclusions
The MEOC provides a replicable framework to allow other schools to more effectively operate their programs and drive innovation.
A RAPID VALIDATED UNI-DIMENSIONAL DOUBLE DEVELOPMENT HPTLC-DENSITOMETRY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, GLICLAZIDE AND PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: Varade Rajesh , Mishra Harsha 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop and validate a uni-dimensional double development high-performance thin layer chromatography (UDDD-HPTLC) for estimation of anti-diabetic medicine compromising of metformin (MET) gliclazide (GLZ) and pioglitazone hydrochloride (PIO).
Methods: The chromatographic separation of these drugs was carried out on precoated TLC plates silica gel 60F254by two mobile phases consisting of Ammonium Sulphate: Methanol: Acetonitrile: Water (4:3:2:1) for MET and PIO and Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Formic Acid (6:4:0.5) for GLZ respectively for ideal separation and good resolution. The densitometric detection and quantification were carried out at 237 nm for MET and 200 nm for GLZ and PIO. The validation parameters were strictly followed as per the ICH guidelines.
Results: The linearity range was obtained at 3000-8000ng/spot, 360-960 ng/spot, 90-240 ng/spot for MET, GLZ and PIO with r2value>0.999. The other parameters such as precision, reproducibility, robustness were efficiently obtained within the limits. The proposed method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of MET, GLZ and PIO in the commercial formulation.
Conclusion: In simultaneous estimation, the different polarity of drugs makes it more cumbersome to develop and validate any chromatographic method. In the present study, a uni-dimensional double development high-performance thin layer chromatography (UDDD-HPTLC) for estimation of these drugs have been developed and validated to resolve the estimation problem. It is an effortless and speedy method which was developed and validated using ICH guidelines. The developed and validated method using ICH guidelines is effortless and speedy technique.
Research Paper DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF EMPAGLIFLOZIN ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS USING DIFFERENT SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
Authors: DWIVEDI AKANKSHA , DARWHEKAR G. N. 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate orodispersible tablets containing empagliflozin by direct compression method with sufficient hardness and rapid disintegration time and to study the effect of functionality differences of super-disintegrants on the tablet properties.
Methods: A two factor three level factorial design (32) was used for the formulation optimization of orodispersible tablets of Empagliflozin and experimental trials were performed on all possible formulations, in which the amount of β-cyclodextrin, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium were selected as independent variables (factor) varied at three different levels: low (-1), medium (0), and high (+1) levels. The drug release and disintegration time were used as dependent variables (response). All formulations were characterized for parameters such as diameter, hardness, weight, thickness, friability, disintegration time, drug release.
Results: Formulation FD6 having 30 sec disintegration time, 98.84% drug release after 30 min, 2.8 kg/cm2 hardness and 0.292% friability was found best among all formulations and selected as an optimized formulation with rapid onset of action and enhanced bioavailability (more than 98% drug release within 30 min.) as compared to the oral empagliflozin tablet.
Conclusion: Empagliflozin orodispersible tablets with different superdisintegrants were successfully prepared and formulation containing highest percentage of crospovidone was found best among all other formulations in terms of bioavailability and rapid onset of action.
TASTE MASKING BY HOT MELT EXTRUSION WITHOUT LOSS OF BIOAVAILABILITY FOR PEDIATRICS
Authors: M. Dhananjay , C. Pravin , M. Smita 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of present work was to develop a platform technology for the pediatric dosage form to mask the bitter taste of Furosemide (FUR) and prepare a flexible solid oral dosage form.
Methods: Excipient compatibility study was carried out by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Taste masking was done by hot melt extrusion (HME) technology. Eudragit EPO and Soluplus were used as a taste masking and solubilizing polymers respectively. The prepared solid dispersion and tablets were evaluated for their physicochemical parameters such as hardness, friability, disintegration, in vitro drug release.
Results: Experimental data revealed that physical integrity, brittleness of granules, conversion of a drug in amorphous form was improved by combining Eudragit EPO with Soluplus. Plasticizer helped to complete HME at 80 °C. Less than 10% drug release in pH 6.8 medium revealed that release would be extremely limited in the saliva and thus avoiding bitterness. Animal study data revealed that bioavailability has been increased by 30%. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) tests confirmed the existence of molecularly dispersed drug. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the unchanged functional groups of FUR after HME processing.
Conclusion: Proposed platform technology masked the bitter taste and enhanced the bioavailability of FUR in D: P ratio of 1:2.
The Role of the UN Peacekeeping in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights
Authors: Caracciolo Ida 
Published: June 2019

<p>The objective of this essay is to explore the UN peacekeeping approach to human rights issues in light of the legal and political connection between promotion and protection of human rights and maintenance of international peace and security. To begin with, the evolution of peacekeeping vis-à-vis human rights will be examined from the first experiences of the UN missions in this field, mainly focused on the promotion of human rights, to the most recent ones where the protection of human rights is a fundamental component of their mandate. </p><div> </div>
Utilizzabilità effettiva dei diritti umani per la emancipazione delle persone con disabilità ad oltre 10 anni dalla entrata in vigore della Convenzione di New York
Authors: D. Marra Angelo 
Published: June 2019

<p>n questo scritto si affronta il problema dei diritti umani (e della loro invocabilità concreta) cercando di mettere in luce le diverse dimensioni del godimento e dell’esercizio dei diritti. Dall’empowerment all’aumento della consapevolezza fino ai rimedi giudiziari. Muovendo anche da esperienze di ricerca emancipative maturate in Italia ed all’estero, l’autore prova a evidenziare tanto la portata innovativa della Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite sui Diritti delle Persone con Disabilità (UN CRPD), a 10 anni dalla entrata in vigore in Italia, quanto i limiti di approcci meramente giudiziali e rimediali.</p><div> </div>
La admisibilidad de la declaración preconstituida del menor en fase de instrucción del proceso penal
Authors: Maravall Buckwalter Isabel 
Published: June 2019

<p>La confrontación constituye una de las garantías más fundamentales de un juicio justo. Paradigma de los ordenamientos fundamentados en el estado de Derecho, el derecho a confrontar configurado en términos absolutos, o cuasi absolutos puede potencialmente convertirse en una norma discriminatoria frente a determinados tipos de víctimas. Debido al reciente movimiento en defensa de las víctimas y los efectos discriminatorios que producen determinados tipos de normas procesales sobre la práctica de la prueba, este trabajo analiza el desarrollo jurisprudencial en el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos que ha avalado una excepción al derecho a confrontar víctimas y testigos a través de la admisibilidad de la declaración preconstituida en fase de instrucción.</p><div> </div>
El importante derecho a la presunción de inocencia: especial referencia a la regulación y titularidad en el ordenamiento jurídico español
Authors: Villanueva Turnes Alejandro 
Published: June 2019

<p>La presunción de inocencia es un derecho que está a la orden del día. Es frecuente que en distintos medios de comunicación se haga alusión al mismo. Este derecho también es uno de los principales de todo proceso en el que entra en juego el ius puniendi del Estado. A raíz de esto, el presente estudio pretende abordar una serie de aspectos básicos de este derecho. En primer lugar se abordará una conceptualización del derecho a la presunción de inocencia. Posteriormente se analizarán dos aspectos concretos en el caso español. Por un lado la regulación, y por otro la determinación de quienes son los titulares. Para finalizar se llevará a cabo un somero análisis de la denominada Directiva europea de la presunción de inocencia.</p><div> </div>
Sirvent Gutiérrez Consuelo, López Durán Rosalío, (Coords) De Cromwell a Gorbachov, Instituto de Estudios Jurídicos, México, 2018.
Authors: Juárez Quezada Guadalupe 
Published: June 2019

Reseña acerca del libro con el cuál un grupo de destacados profesores de la Facultad de Derecho, y un profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias Politicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, rinden homenaje académico al Distinguido e ilustre Dr. José de Jesús López Monroy, abordando diversos temas y materias en las cuales se interesó, tales como el Derecho Romano, la Historñua del derecho, el Derecho Colonial y el Derecho Sovietico.
Comentario de la Ley Constitucional de los Derechos Humanos y sus Garantías de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Soto Flores Armando 
Published: June 2019

Se realiza un análisis de la Ley Constitucional de los Derechos Humanos y sus Garantías de la Ciudad de México, publicada el 8 de febrero de 2019 en la Gaceta Oficial de la Ciudad de México.
Pilas, una forma experimental de enseñanza de los procesos Redox
Authors: Cataldo Droguett Fernando Patricio , Hernández Diógenes , Arriagada Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

<p>Las pilas como procesos químicos redox son conocidos, sin embargo existen ciertas variaciones entre lo teórico y lo práctico. El trabajo aquí propuesto permitió medir el voltaje generado y la importancia del puente salino al desarrollar una serie de pilas con materiales de uso común. Los voltajes observados en varias de las combinaciones no coincidieron con los teóricos, en algunos casos por que los metales están en forma de aleaciones o en otras por que se recubren rápidamente con una capa de óxido. Además pudimos visualizar la importancia y el papel que juega el puente salino en estos procesos, especialmente en la corrosión.</p>
#VEMPRARUA: jornadas de um espaço em rede
Authors: Santos Gustavo Souza 
Published: June 2019

As jornadas de junho se constituíram como um movimento de insurgência disposto sobre o Brasil no período de junho de 2013, com base nas iniciativas do MPL em protesto contra a tarifa do transporte público em São Paulo, mas cujo escopo se ampliou e abarcou uma série de demandas sociais cuja origem é o âmago da sociedade brasileira na extensão e nas particularidades do território nacional. Na dinâmica dos atos, redes de comunicação alternativa e autônoma foram instrumentos de movimentação, informação e coesão das manifestações, por meio de dispositivos e redes sociais. A proposta deste estudo foi refletir as dinâmicas das Jornadas de Junho, considerando a dimensão do ciberespaço como elemento aglutinador de práticas socioespaciais e de insurgência, na busca de uma aproximação entre Geografia e ciberespaço no contexto do exame do caso em questão.
Palavras-chave: Jornadas de Junho. Movimentos Sociais. Espaço. Ciberespaço. Rede.

#VEMPRARUA: journeys of a space in network
ABSTRACT
The June days were constituted as an insurgency movement arranged over Brazil in the period of June 2013, based on the MPL initiatives in protest against the São Paulo public transportation fare, but whose scope has been expanded and encompassed a series of social demands whose origin is the core of Brazilian society in the extension and particularities of the national territory. In the dynamic of the acts, alternative and autonomous communication networks were instruments of movement, information and cohesion of the manifestations, through devices and social networks. The purpose of this study was to reflect the dynamics of the June Conference, considering the dimension of cyberspace as an agglutinating element of socio-spatial and insurgency practices, in the search for an approximation between Geography and cyberspace in the context of the examination of the case in question.
Keywords: June Jorneys. Social Movements. Space. Cyberspace. Network.

#VEMPRARUA: jornadas de un espacio en red
RESUMEN
Las jornadas de junio se constituyeron como un movimiento de insurgencia dispuesto sobre Brasil en el período de junio de 2013, con base en las iniciativas del MPL en protesta contra la tarifa del transporte público en São Paulo, pero cuyo alcance se amplió y abarcó una serie de las demandas sociales cuyo origen es el núcleo de la sociedad brasileña en la extensión y en las particularidades del territorio nacional. En la dinámica de los actos, redes de comunicación alternativa y autónoma fueron instrumentos de movimiento, información y cohesión de las manifestaciones, por medio de dispositivos y redes sociales. La propuesta de este estudio fue reflejar las dinámicas de las Jornadas de Junio, considerando la dimensión del ciberespacio como elemento aglutinante de prácticas socioespaciales y de insurgencia, en la búsqueda de una aproximación entre Geografía y ciberespacio en el contexto del examen del caso en cuestión.
Palabras clave: Jornadas de Junio. Movimientos Sociales. Espacio. Ciberespacio. Red.