bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing urban energy consumption and carbon emissions: a novel GIS-based model for sustainable spatial accessibility to local services and resources
Authors: Rahmati Baran , Rabiei-Dastjerdi Hamidreza , Bibri Simon Elias , Aghajani Mohammad Ali , Kazemi Maryam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study explores the complex interconnections among global population growth, energy consumption, CO2 production, and disparities in service access through the lens of a single case study. Rapid population growth in many major cities has created significant challenges related to equitable access to services and socio-economic development, thereby impacting both their energy consumption patterns and environmental impacts. The case investigated in this study, like many other cases in developing countries, exhibits differences in service provision, infrastructure development, and energy usage, particularly between the northern and southern regions, which significantly affect the quality of life, environmental sustainability, and economic development. Previous efforts to narrow these geographic disparities have yielded limited success and exhibited several shortcomings. By employing a GIS Analytical Network Process method, this study examines service accessibility patterns in a single-case city, with a particular emphasis on green spaces, food services, and educational facilities and services. This GIS-based approach seeks to achieve sustainable levels of access to multiple land uses by evaluating their accessibility and identifying areas of overlap between them. The study endeavors to increase access and density of service standards when planning the placement of new facilities based on these standards in new locations. The method developed in this study represents a critical stride toward achieving these key objectives. The findings reveal that only 47% of city population blocks enjoy high service accessibility, while 40% have moderate accessibility, and 2.6% experience poor accessibility. These insights are of significant value to urban planners, researchers, and policymakers striving to reduce energy shortages and promote sustainable energy and transportation strategies to mitigate environmental impact in urban areas.
A personalized query method for spatial keywords in indoor environments
Authors: Zhang Liping , Li Chunhong , Li Song 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of indoor Location Based Services (LBS), a growing volume of textual data is being generated in indoor environments. Consequently, indoor spatial keyword query holds significant potential for development in the coming years. However, existing methods for indoor spatial keyword queries often neglect the personalized needs of users. To solve this problem, we propose an Indoor Spatial Keyword Personalized Query (ISKPQ) method. First, a novel index structure called ISKIR-tree has been designed. This index integrates Hilbert encoding techniques and introduces Bloom filters and distance matrices to enhance the efficiency of processing indoor spatial keyword problems. Subsequently, an efficient pruning algorithm based on the ISKIR-tree index is proposed to refine the dataset effectively. Finally, a comprehensive scoring function that considers text similarity, spatial proximity, and user preferences is introduced to score and rank the pruned data points, thereby filtering out the optimal query results that meet users’ personalized requirements. Theoretical analysis and experimental studies demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method in terms of both efficiency and accuracy.
Contributions of urban productive safety net program to enhancing food security and livelihood diversification: an in-depth analysis of household-Level perceptions among urban populations in Ethiopia
Authors: Borku Abraham Woru , Utallo Abera Uncha , Tora Thomas Toma 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Urban Productive Safety Net Program is one of Africa’s most ambitious social protection initiatives, and it has achieved measurable successes. However, existing literature focusing on the role of programs in improving people’s lives, especially in ensuring food security and income diversification, gives more focus to rural areas and depends on data from individuals beyond those directly targeted by the program. Hence, this study examines beneficiaries’ perceptions of the program’s contribution to food security and livelihood diversification in the South Ethiopia Regional State. The study used a mixed research approach that included a questionnaire, interviews, observation, and focus group discussions. To select 310 survey household heads, a multistage sampling procedure was employed. We analyzed the quantitative data using SPSS version 27, while the qualitative data was analyzed through narration and summarization. The findings indicate that the selection process for beneficiaries, activities performed by public work groups, and beneficiaries graduating with reliable sources of income are generally positive, whereas negative assumptions exist regarding the adequacy and timeliness of cash transfers and the overall living status of residents. Therefore, the program managers and zonal-level team leaders should collaborate closely to directly engage with beneficiaries, monitor the support system, and raise awareness.
Electrospun silk for biomedical applications
Authors: Dai Shufen , Liang Huarun , Zhu Mengjia , Zhang Yingying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrospinning technology, capable of creating nanofiber-based materials with large specific surface areas and exceptional breathability, has become an important tool in the biomedical field. Silk, as a well-known natural biopolymer, features good biocompatibility, customizable biodegradability, and superior mechanical properties. The conversion of silk into nanofibers via electrospinning allows for the fine-tuning of its properties, thereby enhancing its suitability for a variety of biomedical applications. Electrospun silk not only inherits the natural advantages of silk but also acquires optimized characteristics such as increased surface area, high porosity, and good air permeability. This review article begins by summarizing the latest advances in the rational design and controlled fabrication of electrospun silk. Then, the biomedical applications of electrospun silk in three main areas: health monitoring, regenerative medicine, and personal protection, are reviewed. Lastly, the existing challenges and future perspectives of electrospun silk are discussed. This review aims to highlight the cutting-edge role of electrospun silk in biomedical applications, potentially revolutionizing traditional healthcare into a personalized model.
Graphical Abstract
Citrus greening, retail fruit prices, and household welfare: A demand system approach
Authors: Dong Diansheng , Stewart Hayden , Byrne Anne T. , Saavoss Monica 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPests and diseases like citrus greening that threaten agricultural productivity also pose a risk to consumers. Reductions in food supply due to outbreaks and spread could increase food prices. We model U.S. household fruit demand using a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System and data from Circana’s 2020 and 2021 household panel. Price and income elasticity estimates reveal how household behavior might adjust with shocks to citrus and other fruit prices. Shocks to retail fruit prices can be from either citrus greening or other phenomena such as adverse weather. We also use compensating variation to estimate the impact that changes in fruit prices could have on consumer welfare.
Pilot of a bowel habit assessment tool to enable early identification of Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Kon Shelley E. , Gunter Christine , Hough Heidi , Craig Randi , Lane Ashley M. , Bessesen Mary T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To develop a symptom assessment tool to assist health care providers with discussing bowel habits in a sensitive and accurate method.

Design:
Pre and Post education survey.

Setting:
180 bed academically affiliated Veterans Affairs Hospital.

Participants:
Nurses, nursing assistants and physicians who participated in a brief educational session.

Methods:
A Bowel Habits Assessment Tool (BHAT) was developed to assist health care providers in learning skills to assess patient bowel habits accurately. The BHAT was introduced at educational sessions. An anonymous pre and post survey employing a 5-point Likert scale was administered to participants.

Results:
Pre-educational session survey results for Question 1 (Q1) “I am comfortable discussing patient’s bowel habits included: 4.6% strongly disagreed or somewhat disagreed, 3% neither agreed nor disagreed, 20% somewhat agreed and 72.3% strongly agreed. After the BHAT education, 100% (n=65) of participants strongly agreed or somewhat agreed that they were comfortable discussing patient’s bowel habits. Q1 pre/post mean difference 0.25 (CI 0.06539 - 0.4269, p = 0.0084). On the pre-survey, only 34% of participants strongly agreed that they were aware of tools to help discuss patients’ bowel habits. This increased to 77% after the BHAT educational session. (Q2). Q2 pre/post mean difference 1.02 (CI 0.7366 - 1.294, p <0.0001).

Conclusions:
The BHAT improved clinicians’ comfort level discussing patient’s bowel habits. Health care providers found the BHAT useful and related to their work. This tool shows promise in improving providers’ comfort discussing bowel habits and diagnosing Clostridioides difficile in a timely manner.
Beyond formal politics: the epistemic facet of business power
Authors: Heinrich Clara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article introduces “epistemic business power” as a distinct facet of corporate influence. Epistemic business power refers to the strategic communication of firms to influence the perceptions and beliefs of policymakers, experts, media, and the public regarding which issues, goals, norms, methods, and instruments to be politically considered. Rather than influencing decision-making and policy formulation directly, this form of power enables firms to intermediate the anticipatory dynamics of structural forms of business power and shape issue salience as well as the definition and recognition of topics as political problems. The article explores the scope conditions of epistemic business power, detailing the interaction of material aspects, corporate communication and issue salience dynamics. Based on quantitative and qualitative content as well as reception analyses, ownership data and interviews, a case study of the world’s largest asset manager BlackRock illustrates how today’s finance capital can use epistemic channels with regard to fundamental questions about the role of state capacity and private enterprise in capitalist democracies. By foregrounding the political nature of corporate public relations, the conceptual endeavor and its empirical illustration contribute to a deeper understanding of corporate power and its multifaceted role in shaping politics in capitalist democracies.
On the use of names and example sentences in the linguistics classroom
Authors: Konnelly Lex , Umbal Pocholo , Sanders Nathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn addition to representing a main source of data in linguistic research, example sentences are a core vehicle for linguists in teaching a wide range of phenomena to our students. However, the content of these sentences often reflects the biases of the researchers who construct them: referents are typically given Anglocentric proper names like John and Mary, reflecting (at least implicitly) dominant white culture and conformity to heteronormative gender roles. To support linguists in shifting these practices, we present the Diverse Names Database, a database of 78 names from a variety of languages and cultures, confirmed with native speakers. We outline the goals for the project, introduce our process of developing and adjusting the design, and present some additional issues and reflections for consideration, such as how to use the database as one component of an affirming, anti-racist, and gender-equitable linguistics pedagogy. We aim to generate meta-level discussions about disciplinary conventions and canons, and to challenge the idea that underlying linguistic structures are, or should be, the only things of relevance when constructing example sentences. How we teach linguistics is part of how we practise it, and how we do both matters to the composition and direction of the field.
Ready or Not? The Emergency Preparedness State-of-art Among Italian Public Health Medical Residents
Authors: Zotti Nunzio , Guicciardi Stefano , Di Serafino Francesca , Bardhi Dorian , Iagnemma Annalisa , Mimmo Riccardo , Sanna Andrea , Granvillano Giuseppa , Rosiello Francesco , Volpi Beatrice , Zichichi Salvatore , Rizzo Caterina , Tafuri Silvio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Italy often experiences major events, such as earthquakes, floods, and migrant shipwrecks. Current and future global challenges for health workers are made up by climate change, pandemics, and wars. In this work, we will assess the state-of-art of training and interest towards these challenges among Italian post-degree public health schools.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Italy in June 2023 among Italian public health residents. The study investigated training levels and updates regarding emergencies in Italian residencies. It also analyzed interest and importance of topic, impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and sources of information.

Results
Of 289 respondents, 86.2% deemed the topic important and 74.4% expressed interest. 90.1% pointed out the lack of dedicated courses and 93.1% of specialized master’s programs. Perceived importance in the topic was associated with the desire to attend dedicated conferences. As for COVID-19, 24.6% recognized the importance of this topic pre-pandemic, while 50.9% raised awareness during the pandemic.

Conclusions
This survey shows the need for the offer of emergency training programs in Italian public health schools. Professionals in public health can make a great contribution to emergencies, not only in preparedness, but also in response and recovery phases.
Shaping Rights Through European Consensus or Trend
Authors: Martenet Vincent 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The question of when and how a European consensus or trend contributes to shaping rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights and its Protocols is controversial. The European Court of Human Rights quite often performs an analysis of the laws and practices of the Council of Europe’s Member States or of relevant international material. However, the cases where rights have actually been shaped by a European consensus or trend are quite rare. In the last twenty-five years, some 27 out of 424 judgments on the merits of the Grand Chamber of the Court established a consensus or trend having a “shaping impact” on these rights. Further, only one advisory opinion based on Protocol No. 16 contained comparative law material having such an influence. This Article assesses the intensity of the impact of a consensus or a trend analysis on a judgment’s or an advisory opinion’s ratio decidendi, shows what shaping a right actually means, and suggests that cases that are more prone to a potentially persuasive consensus or trend analysis will typically deal with matters of political or general policy, sensitive moral or ethical issues, or changes in the case law.
Redistribution policies towards poor families in Europe
Authors: Frericks Patricia , Gurín Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPoverty prevention is a central concern of welfare states, and the redistribution of financial resources has been a major strategy to realise it. The differences in addressees, extent, and conditions of this redistribution have been intensively studied. The relevance of family in poverty prevention policies, though, has hardly been analysed, although all forms of welfare redistribution “factor in” family in one way or another, and particularly so in poverty prevention. We analyse how family membership impacts welfare state redistribution to the poor to identify redistributive logics in terms of family, that is the unequal redistribution of public resources to particular family types. We systematically analyse and present the similarities and differences in these redistributive logics, using the micro-simulation model EUROMOD for the countries of the EU. The results show that poor families benefit from anti-poverty measures in form of additional benefits, but family-related financial obligations often exceed these.
Growing inequality and diverging paths in early childhood education and care: Educational disparities in Europe
Authors: Välimäki Sanni , Lammi-Taskula Johanna , Mesiäislehto Merita , Närvi Johanna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEarly childhood education and care (ECEC) is among the most important services for children and their parents as it promotes children’s development and enables mothers’ employment. Previous research has shown that there is an educational gradient as children of mothers with a low education level participate less in ECEC services, but less is known about the development of this inequality. This study, using EU-SILC survey data, focuses on the development of inequality in ECEC use of children under 3 years of age during 2004–2019, and on disparities between three categories of education levels among mothers. The results show that, together with increasing ECEC participation rates, overall inequality has increased in Europe. Inequality has increased between low- and other education levels, whereas in a few cases, a decrease has happened between medium- and high-educated mothers. It is important to pay attention to socioeconomic disparities with rising participation rates.
Prevalence of self-harm among children and adolescents in the Republic of Ireland: a systematic review
Authors: Lynch S. , Begley A. , McDonnell T. , Leahy D. , Gavin B. , McNicholas F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Youth self-harm (SH) is viewed as a public health concern and one of the main reasons for urgent psychiatry assessment. This systematic review sought to establish prevalence of SH among youth in Ireland.

Methods:
A systematic review using pre-defined search terms was conducted (Jan 1980–March 2024).

Results:
From a total of 204 papers identified, 18 were included. Significant variation in rates of SH was found. Limiting data to adolescent years (15–18), best estimates for overall lifetime rates of SH ranged from 1.5% (when rates of SH were reported based on a two-stage study design), to 23% (where SH was limited to non-suicidal SH). SH was typically higher in females, impulsive in nature, and occurred in the home setting. Whilst almost half of youth sought help before (43.7%) or after (49.8%) the SH episode, this was most often to a friend or family member. Overall rates of professional help seeking were low.

Conclusions:
Robust studies using clear definitions of terms, separately capturing SH with and without suicidal intent, and distinguishing SH in the context of a mental illness, are required to inform service developments. Given the frequent occurrence of SH among youth accompanied by predominance of help seeking via friends and family, it is imperative that psychoeducation is delivered to families and peers. Out of hours community and specialist mental health services are essential to address this important issue.
Retranslation in Mughal South Asia: The Impressive Failure of a Persian Panchatantra
Authors: Kotler Ayelet 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explores Muṣṭafá Khāliqdād ʿAbbāsī's 1590s Persian retranslation of the Panchatantra, commissioned by the Mughal emperor Akbar. Examining this text vis-à-vis other translations by Khāliqdād, other court-commissioned Sanskrit-Persian translations from Akbar's time, and the long Kalīla wa Dimna tradition in the Persianate world, this paper argues that retranslations, particularly unsuccessful ones, are where literary traditions and translation norms are most clearly negotiated and contested. Studying retranslations, as shown here, is a useful methodology for revealing tensions between different contemporaneous perspectives on what it takes to fully Persianize a text.
The influence of the shock-to-reshock time on the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability in reshock
Authors: Ferguson Kevin , Jacobs Jeffrey W. 
Published: November 2024

Experiments on the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) in a dual driver vertical shock tube (DDVST) are described. An initially planar, stably stratified membraneless interface is formed by flowing air from above and sulfur hexafluoride from below the interface location using the method of Jones & Jacobs (Phys. Fluids, vol. 9, issue 1997, 1997, pp. 3078–3085). A random three-dimensional, multi-modal initial perturbation is imposed by vertically oscillating the gas column to produce Faraday waves. The DDVST design generates two shock waves, one originating above and one below the interface, with these shocks having independently controllable strengths and interface arrival times. The shock waves have nominal strengths of

$M_L=1.17$

and

$M_H=1.18$

for the shock wave originating in the light and heavy gas, respectively, with these strengths chosen to result in arrested bulk interface motion following reshock. The influence of the length of the shock-to-reshock time, as well as the order of shock arrival, on the post-reshock RMI is examined. The mixing layer width grows according to

$h\propto t^\theta$

, where

$\theta _H=0.36\pm 0.018$

(95 %) and

$\theta _L=0.38\pm 0.02$

(95 %) for heavy and light shock first experiments, respectively, indicating no strong dependence on the order of shock wave arrival. Volume integrated specific turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in the mixing layer versus time is found to decay according to

$E_{tot}/\bar {\rho }\propto t^p$

with

$p_H=-0.823\pm 0.06$

(95 %) and

$p_L=-1.061\pm 0.032$

(95 %) for heavy and light shock first experiments, respectively. Notably, the 95 % confidence intervals do not overlap. Analysis on the influence of the shock-to-reshock time on turbulent length scales, transition criteria, spectra and mixing layer anisotropy are also presented.
Numerical simulation of glacier terminus evolution using the dual action principle for momentum balance
Authors: Shapero Daniel R. , de Diego Gonzalo Gonzalez 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The momentum conservation equation for glacier flow can be described through minimization of an action functional. Several software packages for glacier flow modeling use this action principle in the design of numerical solution procedures. We derive here an equivalent dual action principle for the shallow stream approximation and implement this model using the finite element method. The key feature of the dual action is that the flow law and friction law are both inverted, which changes the character of the non-linearities. This altered character makes it possible to implement numerical solvers for the dual form that work even when the ice thickness or strain rate are exactly equal to zero. Solvers for the primal form typically fail on such input data and require regularization of the problem. This robustness makes it possible to implement iceberg calving in a simple way: the modeler sets the ice thickness to zero in the desired area. We provide several demonstrations and a reference implementation.