bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan karya tulis dan majalah dinding bagi siswa madrasah tsanawiyah Al Madaniyah Jempong Ampenan Mataram
Authors: Hakim Lukman 
Published: March 2019

[Bahasa]: Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan Pelatihan Karya Tulis dan Majalah Dinding Bagi Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Madaniyah Jempong Ampenan Mataram. Terdapat beberapa tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan ini, yaitu; untuk mendeskripsikan potensi menulis dan berkreasi dalam mengekpresikan diri atau kelompok dalam bahasa tulis dan simbol bagi siswa, mendeskripsikan cara membuat dan mengelola majalah dinding sebagai media karya dan komunikasi pada komunitas, dan mendeskripsikan cara pemanfaatan media untuk berekpresi secara positif dan produktif. Pelatihan ini menggunakan metode ceramah dan simulasi serta praktek membuat tulisan karya tulis dan membuat majalah dinding di madrasah. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah adalah (1) secara kognitif ada peningkatan pengetahuan siswa dalam penulisan karya tulis dan majalah dinding, (2) siswa memiliki keterampilan dasar dalam menulis karya tulis dan membuat majalah dinding, (3) siswa dapat menuangkan ide kreatif dalam mengembangkan hasil kreasi dan variasi model keterampilan dalam karya tulis dan majalah dinding, dan (4) siswa dapat menerbitkan hasil karya tulis mereka dalam majalah dinding.
Kata kunci: pelatihan, karya tulis, majalah dinding, madrasah
[English]: This community service is carried out to provide Writing and Wall Magazines Training for Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Madaniyah Jempong Ampenan Mataram Students. There are several objectives to be achieved from this activity, namely; to describe the potential of writing and being creative in expressing themselves or groups in written language and symbols for students, describe how to make and manage wall magazines as a medium of work and communication in the community, and describe how to use media to express positively and productively. This training uses lecture and simulation methods as well as the practice of writing papers and making wall magazines in the madrasa. The conclusions obtained from this activity are (1) cognitively increasing students' knowledge in writing and wall magazines, (2) students have basic skills in writing papers and making wall magazines, (3) students can put creative ideas in developing the creation and variation of skill models in wall papers and magazines, and (4) students can publish their written work in wall magazines.
Keywords: training, papers, wall magazine, madrasa
Perancangan sistem informasi akademik berbasis web di MTS Nurul Muhsinin Batujai Lombok Tengah
Authors: Nujumuddin Nujumuddin 
Published: March 2019

[Bahasa]: Pendidikan adalah jembatan dalam pengembangan retorika dan konstruksi sosial. Pendidikan mempengaruhi perkembangan dan pertumbuhan manusia dan perkembangan peradaban ke arah yang lebih baik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan peran semua pihak termasuk institusi pendidikan perguruan tinggi dalam mengembangkan pendidikan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan, meningkatkan pengalaman dan penguasaan teknologi informasi kepada sumber daya manusia di MTs Nurul Muhsinin. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan melalui tahapan observasi, sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa program pelatihan dan pendampingan yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman guru dalam merancang dan mendesain website sebagai bagian dari sistem informasi yang bermanfaat bagi pengembangan sekolah.
Kata kunci: perancangan, sistem informasi, website
[English]: Education is a bridge in the development of rhetoric and social construction. Education influences human development and growth and the development of civilization in a better direction. Therefore, the role of all parties, including tertiary educational institutions, is needed in developing education. The purpose of this community service program is to provide knowledge, enhance the experience and mastery of information technology to human resources at MTs Nurul Muhsinin. This program is carried out through stages of observation, socialization, training, and mentoring. The results show that training and mentoring programs carried out can increase the knowledge and experience of teachers in designing and designing websites as part of an information system that is beneficial for school development.
Keywords: design, system of information, website
EXTENDED EXPONENTIATED POWER LINDLEY DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Ranjbar V. , Alizadeh M. , Hamedani G. G. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a new model called the Extended Exponentiated Power Lindley distribution which extends the Lindley distribution and has increasing, bathtub and upside down shapes for the hazard rate function. It also includes the power Lindley distribution as a special case. Several statistical properties of the distribution are explored, such as the density, hazard rate, survival, quantile functions, and moments. Estimation using the maximum likelihood method and inference on a random sample from this distribution are investigated. A simulation study is performed to compare the performance of the different parameter estimates in terms of bias and mean square error. We apply a real data set to illustrate the applicability of the new model. Empirical findings show that proposed model provides better fits than other well-known extensions of Lindley distributions.
Diversity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria in a simultaneously nitrifying and denitrifying rotating biological contactor treating real wastewater at low temperatures
Authors: Ito Tsukasa , Aoi Toru , Miyazato Naoki , Hatamoto Masashi , Fuchigami Shunji , Yamaguchi Takashi , Watanabe Yoshimasa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNitrification and denitrification processes occur simultaneously in aerobic wastewater biofilms. Although wide regions of the world have average temperatures of less than 15 °C for a half year, few studies have investigated the nitrogen removal by nitrification and denitrification in a single-stage aerobic biofilm reactor used for treating real wastewater under low-temperature conditions. This study showed successful wastewater treatment in a high average nitrogen removal rate of 78% at low water temperatures by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a rotating biological contactor (RBC) biofilm. Batch operations using the RBC to evaluate the rates of ammonium decrease at low temperatures demonstrated that the rate of ammonium decrease at 8 °C was 76% of that at 20 °C. Daily monitoring of nitrification and denitrification rates suggested that the denitrification rate was highly correlated with the nitrification rate. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis revealed the presence of diverse and abundant denitrifying bacteria and aerobic bacteria in the RBC biofilm more than those in the activated sludge samples, which probably enabled the achievement of the high nitrogen removal rates at such low temperatures. Furthermore, correlation with the colony counts showed that the NGS analysis had the quantification range of three orders of magnitude (from 0.001% to 1%).
Nuclear Activation Techniques for Heavy Metal Pollutants
Authors: Jervis R.E. , Tiefenbach B. , LePage W. , Debrun J-L 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The sensitive radioactivation analysis technique has considerable scope for application in environmental studies. In this paper the use of the applied nuclear method for the determination of nanogram to microgram quantities of several toxic metals (such as F, As, Se, Cd, Hg and Th) in environmental materials, is reported. In typical analyses, samples 0.05 to 0.5 grams in weight have been irradiated for periods up to 50 hours in the McMaster Reactor at approximately 1013 neutrons/cm2 sec thermal neutron flux. With certain samples the identification and determination of trace metal has been accomplished quickly and with high sensitivity by the use of instrumental or non-destructive g-ray spectrometry, while in certain other samples containing metals at lower concentrations, the analysis was facilitated by the use of a few radiochemical separation steps.
The mercury content of fish samples taken from various water bodies in Ontario and elsewhere has been determined in the concentration range from 0.01 to 2 ppm. The levels found have been tentatively related to the particular species of fish and their feeding habits as well as to the pollution level in the water system. Similar pollution levels of Se and As have been determined in areas suspected of industrial pollution, and hair activation analyses have been used to monitor human ingestion of these and other toxic metals. A novel on-stream method for the detection of trace levels of metals such as Th and U is also outlined and its application to water pollutants such as P is discussed.
Chemical Neutralization of Alkaline Wastewater During Activated Sludge Treatment
Authors: Ganczarczyk Jerzy 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The chemical neutralization of alkaline wastewater during the activated sludge treatment is due mostly to the development of CO2 during such biological treatment.
The full-scale activated sludge treatment of alkaline wastewater without preliminary separate chemical neutralization was studied for the case of an unbleached Kraft pulp mill effluent. The treatment was carried out in limited-mixing aeration tanks at conventional loadings. Maximum pH values of the mixed liquor were 10.2, and the corresponding total alkalinity values reached 23.8 me/l.
It was observed that considerable parts of the waste-water alkalinity were removed during the initial periods of mixed liquor aeration. The practical limit of this type of neutralization seems to be close to pH of 8.
The Environmental and Hygienic Safety of Nitrilotriacetate (NTA)
Authors: Flynn F.G. , Jones P.H. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
NTA is the prime substitute for detergent phosphates and its use in large quantities, approximately 0.5 × 106 metric tons per year in Canada and the United States, is possible.
This paper is a summary of the literature and of work done at the University of Toronto regarding evaluation of the environmental and hygienic safety of NTA and NTA built detergents.
A large number of topics is covered, the conclusion of each being that NTA is safe to use. Such topics include: aerobic biodegradability, toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and nitrate contribution.
Areas of doubt regarding NTA are its non-degradability under anaerobic conditions and the possibility of its delivering heavy metals into drinking water supplies.
A Technique for the Mathematical Modelling of Mixing in Natural Streams
Authors: Hudspith R. C. , Norman J. D. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Frequency response techniques are employed to characterize the mixing dynamics in a natural stream. Lumped parameter models, consisting of regions of complete mixing and plug flow, are formulated in such a way as to simulate the mechanisms causing mixing in the real system. The models are fitted to the experimental data in the frequency domain using a least squares criteria.
The results of a series of experimental runs on a real stream are presented. A pulse of fluorescent dye is injected at one point and is measured as it passes a second point downstream. The dominant mechanisms causing mixing in the stream studied are irregular velocity profiles and an exchange of mass with relatively stagnant regions along the bottom and shorelines. A model to simulate these mechanisms is presented and the parameters are evaluated as a function of streamflow
Filterability of Lime-Iron Sludges Generated in the Chemical Precipitation of Phosphorus from Treated Sewage
Authors: Wayne Scott G. , Cornwall G. M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Consideration of sludge disposal is an important aspect in the rational selection of the most appropriate phosphorous removal technique. The dewatering of lime-iron sludges (generated by dosing the chemicals to biologically treated municipal wastewater) was studied by means of the Buchner Funnel and the Filter Leaf Apparatus. The results indicate that the sludges dewater more effectively than conventional biological sludges with conditioning. Although the sludge dewaters well, it displays lower filter yields than would be expected because of an inability to form a thick cake during the pick-up portion of the cycle. A number of techniques exist for increasing the filter yield of these sludges
Control of Bulking in an Extended Aeration Sewage Treatment Plant
Authors: Cane D.D.P. , Farguhar G.J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A case of filamentous activated sludge bulking was investigated at an extended aeration plant treating wastes from a highway service centre. The purpose of the study was to find an effective control measure for the bulking and, if possible, to determine the cause of the bulking condition. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects upon bulking of: (a) a controlled copper dosage to the mixed liquor, (b) variations in the organic loading rate, and (c) maintenance of high and low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the mixed liquor.
The microorganism responsible for the bulking condition was tentatively identified as Sphaerotilus natans. Extensive growths of these bacteria occurred in the sludge when the mixed liquor dissolved oxygen concentration dropped below 0.5 mg/1. Such dissolved oxygen levels had frequently occurred at this plant due to the use of timed aeration cycles and the use of insufficient air supply during peak loading periods. Variations in organic loading rates were found to have no adverse effect on sludge settleability.
When bulking was slight, the condition could be improved by increasing the dissolved oxygen level to 1.5 mg/1, or more. The rate at which the filamentous growths could be eliminated from a highly filamentous sludge by increased aeration was very slow, but could be greatly increased by the simultaneous feeding of copper to the mixed liquor at a dosage rate of 1.0 mg/1, based on the raw sewage flows.
Effect of SO2 Removal on the Biodegradability of Arbiso Spent Sulphite Liquor
Authors: Ng K.S. , Jajic J.E. , Manchester D.F. , Ng Y.K. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The spent sulphite liquor derived from Abitibi Paper Company, Iroquois Falls Mills Arbiso process contained about 11.3% dissolved solid, 0.52% (W/V) residual SO2 and had a low pH of 4.3. The COD of the liquor was about 109,000 ppm and BOD5 26,000 ppm. The objective of the study was to investigate the technical feasibility of utilizing biodegradation to reduce the BOD5 of the spent liquor to acceptable levels.
Upon first analysis, it appeared that the liquor would be amenable to biological degradation because of the presence of wood sugars. However, biological oxidation was retarded due to the presence of SO2. The maximum SO2 concentration tolerated by the microbes was about 0.32% (W/V). Boiling and lime treatment were found to be effective in reducing the SO2.
Other major factors affecting biological activity were initial pH adjustment and nutrient addition. Nutrients required and optimal operating conditions are discussed. Under optimal conditions, a batch biological system was capable of removing 60% BOD5, in 11 days and 80% BOD5 in 16 days.
Determination of the Size Distribution of Dissolved Organics in Effluents
Authors: Addie L.A. , Murphy K.L. , Robertson J.L. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The importance of removing the small amounts of residual organics is increasing as the sources of clean surface water decrease. Knowledge of the nature of these soluble residual organics will be needed in order to assess the type of treatment required for their removal. Residual organics in three different biological treatment plants were analyzed and compared. An attempt was made to characterize these organics by a molecular size distribution on a Sephadex column monitored by differential ultraviolet and refractive index detectors. The organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand of the fractions collected from the column was also determined. An investigation of some of the problems inherent in the monitoring systems was conducted.
Removal of Trace Metals From Wastewater by Activated Carbon
Authors: Netzer A. , Norman J.D. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The merits of activated carbon for removal of organic compounds from wastewater have been well documented in the literature. On the other hand there is a lack of published data on the use of activated carbon for the removal of trace metals from wastewater.
Experiments were designed to assess the possibility that activated carbon treatment would remove aluminum, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver and zinc from wastewater. All metals studied were tested over the pH range 3-11. Greater than 99.5% removal was achieved by pH adjustment and activated carbon treatment for most of the metals tested.
Studies on the Effects of Pollution on the Diaton Communities of the St Lawrence River Near
Authors: Ahmad Alauddin , Chodorowski Andrzej , Legendre Pierre 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A study was conducted to establish the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of two water masses (St. Lawrence and Ottawa) just before they meet near Montreal. The two water masses show marked differences in physico-chemical properties and in the composition of algal communities they support. As compared with that of St. Lawrence River, the water of Ottawa River shows lower values of alkalinity, conductivity, total hardness and chlorides. The value of pH is also slightly lower. But the quantity of Silica and Ammonia present in the Ottawa River is much higher. There is a marked difference in the composition of Algal communities supported by the two water masses. Over 100 species of Diatoms were found to colonize the artificial substrates (glass slides), of which only about 40 species were found to be common in both waters. Some 38 species were found only in St. Lawrence River and another 39 species only in Ottawa River. The two water masses also differed in supporting other groups of algae. Cladophora glomerata was very abundant in Ottawa River, whereas, it was absent or very rare in St. Lawrence River. On the other hand, some members of Zygnemaceae (like Sirogonium sticticum, Spirogyra sp., Mougeotia sp., and Zygnema sp.) were very abundant in St. Lawrence River and very rare in Ottawa River.
Degradation of Cellulose and Wood Products in Polluted and Unpolluted Rivers
Authors: Kushner D. J. , Vincent M. , Novitsky C. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Natural rates of degradation of cellulose and of wood products were studied by enclosing this material in nylon sacs with 20 um diameter pores and suspending the sacs in different parts of the Gatineau and Ottawa Rivers, for periods of up to 90 days. White spruce chips and sawdust were studied, either without treatment or after chemical conversion to holocellulose or cellulose. Untreated wood was almost entirely resistant to degradation, as measured by weight loss. Conversion to holocellulose made wood quite susceptible to degradation, but conversion of holocellulose to cellulose did not increase the rate of degradation. Cotton fibres (almost pure cellulose) were less rapidly degraded than treated wood.
Little or no degradation occurred in the Gatineau River, which is relatively unpolluted by sewage or industrial wastes. Much more occurred in both water and sediments of the heavily polluted Ottawa River. An especially active site was found just below the Canadian International Paper Company. These results emphasize the importance of lignin in protecting cellulose from biodegradation and suggest in which natural sites we might expect biodegradation of wood products to occur most rapidly.
Effect of Starch on the Flocculation and Settling Behaviour of Titanium Dioxide Suspensions
Authors: Ray S.N. , Hsi C. , Lu B.C. -Y. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study concerns the problem of removal of suspended solids from the effluent streams of paper mills by chemical treatment.
As titanium dioxide is one of the ingredients used in paper mills and present in the effluent streams, its flocculation and settling behaviour were investigated. Jar test experiments were conducted using alum and organic polyelectrolyte as the flocculants. As starch is also used in the paper making process, its influence on the flocculation and settling behaviour of titanium dioxide was conducted with the concentration of starch varying between 0–3% of the dry solids.
The experimental results on flocculation are expressed in terms of dimensionless function Gθϕ and flocculation rate constants. The fraction of solids settled is presented in terms of the settling velocity. Concentration of starch was found to have a significant influence. The amount of alum required could be reduced by 75% by using starch 0.6% of the amount of titanium dioxide in the suspension and at the same time improving the settling velocity two folds. A possible application of this finding in pollution abatement is discussed.
A Study of Nutrients from Sludge Applied to Land
Authors: Aldridge T. E. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
As part of experiments relating to the application of liquid digested sludge to cropland, four small plots bearing couch grass (Agropyrons repens) were treated at four rates ranging from 7.5 ins. to 0.9 in. in seven weeks. The nitrogen phosphorus and carbon content of each inch of the sludge was equivalent to: total nitrogen, 210 lb./ac.; ammonia nitrogen, 140 lb./ac.; total phosphate, 235 lb./ac; easily soluble phosphate, 45 lb./ac; total carbon, 1,800 lb./ac. Soil samples from the 0–3 in. level and from the 10–12 in. level of the uppermost soil horizon were analyzed for changes in the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter. Also growth and crop yield in terms of dry weight were determined at the various rates. By the end of eight weeks at the highest rate, the increases in nutrients in the top 3 inches were: ammonia nitrogen, 105 mg./Kgm; nitrate nitrogen, 50 mg./Kgm.;total phosphate, 1,450 mg./Kgm.; easily soluble phosphate, 50 mg./Kgm; organic carbon, 1.7%. The corresponding increases at the lowest rate were: ammonia nitrogen, 15 mg./Kgm.; nitrate nitrogen, 4.5 mg./Kgm.; total phosphate, 325 mg./Kgm.; easily soluble phosphate, 0; total carbon 0.1%. At the higher rates the nutrients were well in excess of requirements for a growing season and the excess was liable to leaching and transport in surface runoff. At the lower rates there appeared to be a fair balance between nutrients supplied and nutrients that would be taken up by the grass over a full growing season.
Activated Sludge Exocellular Material Extraction Methods and Problems
Authors: Carr D.F. , Ganczarczyk J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Activated sludge samples from two Toronto sewage treatment plants were subjected to the extraction of exocellular material by means of 9 different methods suggested for this purpose. Some of those methods, originally developed for pure bacterial cultures, were modified for the application to activated sludge.
The amount of exocellular material obtained varied for Lakeview sludges from 0.4 to 3.2% of their dry volatile solids, and for Humber sludges from 0.3 to 5.3%. It has been found that extractions by the use of sulphuric acid, high-speed centrifugation and sodium hydroxide, were not suitable for the studied material. Especially surprising was the ineffectiveness of high-speed centrifugation to yield any measurable amounts of extract. The boiling water extraction is recommended for further studies on activated sludge exocellular material.
The material extracted from activated sludge is very complex in nature. Generally more polysaccharide than protein was extracted, but the remaining volatile material may form up to 70% of the dry weight.