bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of basalt/jute fiber composites to improve the phenomenon of drawing delamination
Authors: Cao Zhiguo , He Jianmin , Zhang Yuhui , Hu Yingcheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, natural fibers have been commonly used to reinforce various polymers, resulting in composites with excellent mechanical properties. To address the challenge of delamination and significant fiber pull‐out in inter‐laminar hybrid composites during stretching, this study focused on preparing intra‐laminar hybrid textile composites using basalt fibers (BFs) and jute fibers (JFs) as raw materials. Moreover, the mechanical properties of BF/JF intra‐layer blended fabric composites were investigated. The prepared composites underwent tensile, flexural, impact, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The results indicated that intra‐laminar blended composites demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to inter‐laminar blended fabric composites. The DMA results revealed that the intra‐laminar blended composites featured a high peak loss factor. Morphological analysis indicated enhanced stress transfer from fiber‐to‐fiber and fiber‐to‐matrix in the intra‐laminar blended composites.Highlights
Fiber blending can expand the application areas of natural fibers.
Fiber blending can reduce interlayer damage.
Intra‐layer blending differs from interlayer hybrid composites.
Strong bonding between fibers facilitates effective stress transfer.
“Green” composites exhibit exceptional mechanical properties.
Public attitudes and knowledge about self‐injury: A cross‐sectional web‐based survey of Japanese adults
Authors: Takahashi Masaru , Imahara Kasumi , Miyamoto Yukiko , Myojo Kayoko , Yasuda Michiko , Kadomodo Izumi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimNonsuicidal self‐injury is common among adolescents. Dispelling related public misconceptions is essential for creating effective prevention and intervention strategies, as these myths contribute to stigmatization. This study examined the prevalence of self‐injury myths among the Japanese public and explored how demographics and personal experiences influence these beliefs.MethodsA nationwide web‐based self‐report survey of 2000 Japanese adults (mean age = 44.6 ± 14.3 years) examined their agreement with 14 scientifically unsupported self‐injury beliefs. Endorsement rates for each myth were calculated, and the associations between myth beliefs and other variables were explored.ResultsFourteen myths were analyzed, with endorsement rates of 21.0%–68.7%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that men were more likely to endorse the myth that self‐injury is uncommon (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17–1.79), whereas women were more prone to myths about the rarity of self‐injury, using a single method, stimulation as the exclusive purpose, wrist‐cutting prevalence, and average onset age. Younger participants were more likely to believe that self‐injury is solely for stimulation than other age groups. Those with human‐service professional experience were more likely to view self‐injury as attention‐seeking compared to those without such experience (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.07–2.46). With some exceptions, individuals who expressed confidence in their ability to respond to self‐injurers were more likely to endorse the myths.ConclusionThese findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions to dispel misconceptions about self‐injury and improve public understanding of this complex behavior.
Hemodynamic markers independent of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure can discriminate between pre and postcapillary exercise‐induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Montovano Margaret , Scheel Paul J. , Cubero Salazar Ilton M. , Hassoun Paul M. , Tedford Ryan J. , Hsu Steven 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe discrimination between pre and postcapillary exercise‐induced pulmonary hypertension relies on accurate measurement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, which can be unreliable. We found that exercise pulmonary artery compliance and right atrial pressure (AUC 0.88, 0.89, respectively) can differentiate subtypes of exercise‐induced pulmonary hypertension in the absence of wedge pressure.
Permutation Test for Image‐on‐Scalar Regression With an Application to Breast Cancer
Authors: Jiang Shu , Colditz Graham A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTImage based screening is now routinely available for early detection of cancer and other diseases. Quantitative analysis for effects of risk factors on digital images is important to extract biological insights for modifiable factors in prevention studies and understand pathways for targets in preventive drugs. However, current approaches are restricted to summary measures within the image with the assumption that all relevant features needed to characterize an image can be identified and appropriately quantified. Motivated by data challenges in breast cancer, we propose a nonparametric statistical framework for risk factor screening that uses the whole mammogram image as outcome. The proposed permutation test allows assessment of whether a set of scalar risk factors is associated with the whole image in the presence of correlated residuals across the spatial domain. We provide extensive simulation studies and illustrate an application to the Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort using the mammogram imaging data.
Nanocomposite Material Sb2S3:SnS:MnS2 its Fabrication and Utilization as Efficient Electrode for Energy Storage in Supercapacitor
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Shahzad Ahmad Khuram , Nawaz Faisal , Makawana Bhumikaben , Gupta Ram K. , Abdel‐Maksoud Mostafa A. , Al‐Qahtani Wahidah H. , Malik Abdul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe nanocomposite material Sb2S3: SnS:MnS2 was fabricated by single precursor technique by using dithio‐carbamate ligand as Sb2S3:SnS:MnS2 (DDTC) complex. An internal and external look at the anatomy and activity of the substance was obtained by using a variety of analytical techniques like XRD, FTIR, UV‐Vis and SEM. Additionally, various electro‐analytical tools like LSV, CV, GCD and EIS were applied to confirm material's rich electro‐active capability for photoactive electrode. XRD revealed its average crystallite size of 12.33 nm with 82.8 % crystallinity. Optical characteristics represented describe effective semiconducting nature of nanomaterials with optimum band gap of 2.65 eV. By using electrochemical processes, LSV and CV demonstrated fertile opto‐electrical nature of Sb2S3: SnS: MnS2 (DDTC) material with specific capacitance, Csp, of 1080 F/g at scan rate of 2 mV/s. With a high specific power density of 2656 W/kg, the GCD technique attempted to validate the nature of the material as an electrode with a good charge‐discharge mechanism. In EIS, low series resistance, Rs=0.73 Ω, was observed to be very beneficial argument in validating the nanocomposite synthesized in this research project as effective and low‐cost material which can be applied in different energy producing and storing devices like solar system and super‐capacitors etc.
Developing supervised machine learning algorithms to classify lettuce foliar tissue samples into interpretation zones for 11 plant essential nutrients
Authors: Veazie Patrick , Chen Hsuan , Hicks Kristin , Holley Jake , Eylands Nathan , Mattson Neil , Boldt Jennifer , Brewer Devin , Lopez Roberto , Whipker Brian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGreenhouse crop nutrient management recommendations based on foliar tissue testing rely heavily on human interpretation, which can result in recommendation variations and errors. Critical nutrient ranges vary for each species, and the potential for error in interpretation increases due to this complexity. Machine learning can be utilized to develop algorithms to accurately classify new information using models developed on known data from a training dataset. This study examines four different machine learning algorithms (J48, random forest [RF], sequential minimal optimization [SMO], and multilayer perceptron [MLP]) by two different cross‐validation strategies (10‐fold and 66% split) to determine if machine learning can be utilized to accurately classify foliar tissue samples within corresponding nutrient ranges. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) foliar tissue samples (n = 1950) from a variety of controlled experiments and diagnostic samples from state and private labs were compiled and assigned to one of five nutrient ranges of deficient, low, sufficient, high, or excessive for each of 11 plant essential nutrients of interest based on Gamma or Weibull distributions. Individual machine learning algorithms were developed for each nutrient. For all examined essential nutrients, J48 or RF yielded the >98% greatest percentage correct classification when compared to MLP or SMO. This study establishes the novel use of machine learning for lettuce foliar nutrient analysis results interpretation with a higher accuracy rate than by traditional statistical methods.
Implementing Quality Systems in the Management of the Animal Care and Use Program
Authors: Guillén Javier , Kalman Rony , Wells Sara , Gardiner Mark , Steckler Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe laboratory animal science community is moving toward increasing the quality of their work. There are two main reasons for that: first, the objective of improving the care and use of the animals to ensure animal well-being; and second, the general trend by animal researchers toward enhancing the quality, reproducibility, and translatability of the research outcome. Therefore, animal care and use program managers are more and more involved, by personal and/or institutional commitment, in the implementation of quality practices in all animal program areas. In addition to internal quality measures, that may or may not be imposed by regulations, there are several external quality systems that can, and have been traditionally applied, to animal care and use programs. The practical aspects of the implementation of the three most common quality systems in the animal research environment (AAALAC International, GLP, and ISO) are described.
Non-supersymmetric heterotic strings and chiral CFTs
Authors: De Freitas Héctor Parra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Non-supersymmetric heterotic strings share various properties with their supersymmetric counterparts. Torus compactifications of the latter live in a component of the moduli space of string vacua with 16 supercharges, and various asymmetric orbifolds thereof realize vacua in other components, exhibiting qualitative differences such as rank reduction. We set out to study the analogous problem for non-supersymmetric heterotic strings, framing it in relation to chiral fermionic CFTs with central charge 24, which were classified recently. We find that for the case analogous to the so-called CHL string, which has gauge group rank reduced by 8, there are in total four non-supersymmetric versions. These include the well known E8 string and three other constructions a la CHL, which can be distinguished qualitatively by how tachyons appear in their classical moduli spaces. We also discuss the classification problem for lower rank theories and the relationship between MSDS models and Scherk-Schwarz reductions.
Explainable AI classification for parton density theory
Authors: Kriesten Brandon , Gomprecht Jonathan , Hobbs T. J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Quantitatively connecting properties of parton distribution functions (PDFs, or parton densities) to the theoretical assumptions made within the QCD analyses which produce them has been a longstanding problem in HEP phenomenology. To confront this challenge, we introduce an ML-based explainability framework, XAI4PDF, to classify PDFs by parton flavor or underlying theoretical model using ResNet-like neural networks (NNs). By leveraging the differentiable nature of ResNet models, this approach deploys guided backpropagation to dissect relevant features of fitted PDFs, identifying x-dependent signatures of PDFs important to the ML model classifications. By applying our framework, we are able to sort PDFs according to the analysis which produced them while constructing quantitative, human-readable maps locating the x regions most affected by the internal theory assumptions going into each analysis. This technique expands the toolkit available to PDF analysis and adjacent particle phenomenology while pointing to promising generalizations.
Dark matter raining on DUNE and other large volume detectors
Authors: Acevedo Javier F. , Berger Joshua , Denton Peter B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Direct detection is a powerful means of searching for particle physics evidence of dark matter (DM) heavier than about a GeV with 𝒪(kiloton) volume, low-threshold detectors. In many scenarios, some fraction of the DM may be boosted to large velocities enhancing and generally modifying possible detection signatures. We investigate the scenario where 100% of the DM is boosted at the Earth due to new attractive long-range forces. This leads to two main improvements in detection capabilities: (1) the large boost allows for detectable signatures of DM well below a GeV at large-volume neutrino detectors, such as DUNE, Super-K, Hyper-K, and JUNO, as possible DM detectors, and (2) the flux at the Earth’s surface is enhanced by a focusing effect. In addition, the model leads to a significant anisotropy in the signal with the DM flowing dominantly vertically at the Earth’s surface instead of the typical approximately isotropic DM signal. We develop the theory behind this model and also calculate realistic constraints using a detailed GENIE simulation of the signal inside detectors.
Towards $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 superconformal higher-spin theory
Authors: Kuzenko Sergei M. , Raptakis Emmanouil S. N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Three years ago, we proposed free off-shell models for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal higher-spin multiplets in arbitrary conformally flat backgrounds, constructed conserved conformal higher-spin supercurrents for a massless hypermultiplet, and sketched the Noether procedure to generate its cubic couplings to the superconformal higher-spin multiplets. This paper is devoted to completing the Noether procedure. Specifically, we: (i) describe the unique off-shell primary extensions of the conformal higher-spin supercurrents; (ii) embed the off-shell superconformal prepotentials into primary unconstrained isotwistor multiplets; and (iii) present the unique gauge transformations of the hypermultiplet and the isotwistor prepotentials. An extension of the Noether procedure beyond the cubic level is also sketched, following the earlier $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 superconformal approach developed by the authors and Ponds in 2022. Our construction is based on making use of the polar hypermultiplet within the projective-superspace setting.
Solving recurrence relations for multiloop integrals in the limit of large values of the dimensional regularization parameter
Authors: Baikov P. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A method for calculating the 1/d expansion coefficients for solutions of integration by parts relations for Feynman integrals is presented. The idea is to use linear substitutions to transform these relations to an explicitly recursive form. A possible type of such substitutions is proposed for the case of vacuum integrals. Its applicability is shown for several families of massless (with one massive line) vacuum integrals up to the 7-loop level.
Cubic interactions for massless and partially massless spin-1 and spin-2 fields
Authors: Boulanger Nicolas , Garcia-Saenz Sebastian , Pan Songsong , Traina Lucas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We perform a complete classification of the consistent two-derivative cubic couplings for a system containing an arbitrary number of massless spin-1, massless spin-2, and partially massless (PM) spin-2 fields in D-dimensional (anti-)de Sitter space. In addition to previously known results, we find a unique candidate mixing between spin-1 and PM spin-2 fields. We derive all the quadratic constraints on the structure constants of the theory, allowing for relative “wrong-sign” kinetic terms for any of the fields. In the particular case when the kinetic terms in each sector have no relative signs, we find that the unique consistent non-trivial theory is given by multiple independent copies of conformal gravity coupled to a Yang-Mills sector in D = 4. Our results strengthen the well-known no-go theorems on the absence of mutual interactions for massless and PM spin-2 fields.
Exploring replica-Potts CFTs in two dimensions
Authors: Kousvos Stefanos R. , Piazza Alessandro , Vichi Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We initiate a numerical conformal bootstrap study of CFTs with S

n
⋉ (S

Q
)
n
global symmetry. These include CFTs that can be obtained as coupled replicas of two-dimensional critical Potts models. Particular attention is paid to the special case S
3 ⋉ (S
3)3, which governs the critical behaviour of three coupled critical 3-state Potts models, a multi-scalar realisation of a (potentially) non-integrable CFT in two dimensions. The model has been studied in earlier works using perturbation theory, transfer matrices, and Monte Carlo simulations. This work represents an independent non-perturbative analysis. Our results are in agreement with previous determinations: we obtain an allowed peninsula within parameter space for the scaling dimensions of the three lowest-lying operators in the theory, which contains the earlier predictions for these scaling dimensions. Additionally, we derive numerous bounds on admissible scaling dimensions in the theory, which are compatible with earlier results. Our work sets the necessary groundwork for a future precision study of these theories in the conformal bootstrap.
Plant intelligence dux: a comprehensive rebuttal of Kingsland and Taiz
Authors: Trewavas Anthony 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Intelligence is a fundamental property for all life enabling an increased probability of survival and reproduction under wild circumstances. Kingsland and Taiz (2024) think that plants are not intelligent but seem unaware of the extensive literature about intelligence, memory, learning and chromatin topology in plants. Their views are consequently rejected. Their claim of fake quotations is shown to result from faulty reasoning and lack of understanding of practical biology. Their use of social media as scholarly evidence is unacceptable. Darwin’s views on intelligence are described, and their pertinence to the adaptive responses of plants is discussed. Justifications for comments I have made concerning McClintock and her “thoughtful” cell, von Sachs writings as indicating purpose (teleonomy) to plant behaviour, Went and Thimann’s allusions to plant intelligence and Bose legacy as the father of plant electrophysiology are described. These scientists were usually first in their field of knowledge, and their understanding was consequently deeper. The article finishes with a brief critical analysis of the 36 scientists who were used to condemn plant neurobiology as of no use. It is concluded that participants signed up to a false prospectus because contrary evidence was omitted.
Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a nurse-led, transitional care model to improve care coordination for patients with cardiovascular diseases: results from the “Cardiolotse” study
Authors: Coors Marie , Schüttig Wiebke , Reber Katrin C. , Darius Harald , Holzgreve Alfred , Karmann Sebastian , Stürtz Anica , Zöller Rebecca , Kropp Saskia , Riesner Petra , Sundmacher Leonie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To assess the 12-month cost-effectiveness of the nurse-led transitional care program “Cardiolotse” (CL) for patients with cardiovascular diseases compared to usual care (UC).

Methods
A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-utility analysis (CUA) were conducted from the perspective of statutory health insurance (SHI), covering a time horizon of 12 months. Analyzed outcomes included the number of rehospitalizations and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Total costs comprised program costs and the utilization of healthcare resources. Point estimates are presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to illustrate uncertainty and provide insights into the impact mechanisms of the CL program.

Results
The study population consisted of 2550 patients, with 1256 allocated to the intervention group and 1294 to the control group. Patients who received support from CLs experienced fewer rehospitalizations and lower inpatient costs from an SHI perspective, compared to the UC group. HRQoL assessments indicated higher utility values for CL patients at the 12-month follow-up. Total program costs amounted to €1454.65 per patient. The CEA and CUA demonstrate that the CL program is dominant compared to UC from the SHI perspective.

Conclusion
Our study shows that the CL program not only reduces the number of rehospitalizations and costs but increases HRQoL, resulting in a dominant ICER and ICUR. Further research is necessary to evaluate longer periods of time, different levels of care intensity, and perspectives of different healthcare stakeholders.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00020424, 2020-06-18, retrospectively registered.
Fluctuating population density of the goby Lubricogobius exiguus during the breeding season with artificial nests at Oto Beach, Kagoshima, southern Japan
Authors: Oyama Takumi , Sunobe Tomoki , Dewa Shin-ichi , Sakai Yoichi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCryptobenthic reef fish (CRF), which are benthic reef fish with body lengths of less than 50 mm, generally exhibit life history characteristics, such as a short lifespan, early maturation, high mortality, and microhabitat specialization. In this study, we investigated breeding season and population fluctuation patterns of a gobiid CRF fish Lubricogobius exiguus. At our field study site, the breeding season of L. exiguus extended from April to November. The population densities of L. exiguus fluctuated considerably, starting at low density early in the breeding season, increasing to a peak in the middle of the season, and stabilizing at a medium density by the end of the season. This seasonal pattern was influenced by two peaks in juvenile recruitment, and the adult population increased after these peaks. The fluctuating numbers of juveniles and adults suggest that some individuals may have a short post-settlement lifespan of less than 80 days.
Human rights engagement, stigma and attitudes towards mental health among Colombian social work and medical students
Authors: Agudelo-Hernández Felipe , Vélez-Botero Helena , Guapacha-Montoya Marcela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHuman rights training in mental health professions is essential to reduce stigma and facilitate recovery processes. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between engagement to human rights and stigma towards people with mental disorders, as well as attitudes towards mental illness in medical and social work students of a Latin American context. An analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 243 students in the last two years of study. Community Attitudes Towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI), Mental Illness Clinicians’ Attitude Scale (MICA), Human Rights Exposure in Social Work (HRXSW) and Human Rights Engagement in Social Work (HRESW) were used as instruments. To determine how the explanatory variables are related to the engagement to human rights (dependent variable) a binary logistic regression model was used. Correlations were found between the scales and their components. Economic condition, intersectional approach, authoritarianism, benevolence and mental health ideology explained 55.11% of the variance for commitment to the engagement of human rights. Some factors related to the stigma of mental disorders and the focus on human rights in future mental health professionals are highlighted that should be more visible in the training practices of these professions.