bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying ecological factors mediating the spread of three invasive mosquito species: citizen science informed prediction
Authors: Garamszegi László Zsolt , Soltész Zoltán , Szentiványi Tamara , Kurucz Kornélia , Nagy Gergely , Bede-Fazekas Ákos 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to their potential role in pathogen transmission, invasive mosquitoes pose considerable threats to human and animal health. Several studies have identified the most important ecological drivers mediating the establishment and spread of key mosquito species (e.g., Aedes aegypti, and Ae. albopictus), and made predictions for future distribution. We evaluated the effect of an exhaustive list of environmental predictors on the distribution of three invasive species in Hungary (Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus, and Ae. koreicus) by using the same standards for data collection based on citizen science observations. Current distribution maps of these species were generated from a 5-year survey, then were compared with various predictor maps reflecting climate, habitat type, food supply, traffic, and interspecific competition by using a boosted regression trees approach that resulted in a subset of variables with the strongest impact. The best predictor sets were used to predict the probability of occurrence of the focal species for the whole country, and these predictions based on citizen science were evaluated against the results of an independent recent field surveillance. We uncovered species-specific patterns and found that different predictor sets were selected for the three different species, and only predictions for Ae. albopictus could be validated with direct trapping data. Therefore, citizen science informed distribution maps can be used to identify ecological predictors that determine the spread of invasive mosquitoes, and to estimate risk based on the predicted distribution in the case of Ae. albopictus.
Exploring Trichoderma Diversity for Sustainable Disease Management in Lolium perenne Against Fusarium avenaceum
Authors: García-Latorre Carlos , Velázquez Rocío , Hernández Alejandro , Moraga Carlos , Poblaciones Maria J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFusarium species represent a significant threat to pasture health, necessitating the development of sustainable solutions. This study explores the potential of regionally adapted Trichoderma isolates for controlling Fusarium avenaceum and promoting plant growth in the grasslands of the Iberian Peninsula. To this end, seven Trichoderma isolates (belonging to T. koningiopsis, T. koningii and T. gamsii) were obtained from soils of Extremadura and then evaluated as potential biocontrol agents against Fusarium avenaceum. For the purposes of this evaluation, water was used as a negative control, while a commercial Trichoderma product served as a positive control. An initial in vitro evaluation revealed that six Trichoderma isolates significantly inhibited F. avenaceum in a dual culture assay, reducing pathogen growth by 18 to 49%. Additionally, two of the isolates showed antifungal potential during the evaluation of their culture filtrates. Subsequently, two greenhouse assays were conducted to assess the effects of Trichoderma isolates and the pathogen on the development of Lolium perenne. One focused on seed germination and the other on established plants. The greenhouse experiments indicated that T08 (T. koningiopsis), T14 (T. koningii), and T19 (T. gamsii) significantly improved seed germination and plant growth, even outperforming the positive control on total dry matter in pathogen-infected plants during the postemergence test. Our study highlights the potential of Trichoderma isolates, particularly T08, T14, and T19, to boost plant growth and control Fusarium avenaceum in Lolium perenne. It emphasizes the importance of in planta testing and reveals the varying effects of the isolates throughout the plant cycle.
Implementation of Measurement-Based Care in Mental Health Service Settings for Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Whitmyre Emma D. , Esposito-Smythers Christianne , López Roberto , Goldberg Debora G. , Liu Freda , Defayette Annamarie B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMeasurement-Based Care (MBC) is the systematic use of patient-reported data to inform care decisions and monitor treatment progress. MBC has been shown to improve patient outcomes across medical and mental health treatment settings for adults and youth. While many studies have examined the use of MBC in specific care settings, few have focused on the implementation of MBC among youth populations or across care settings. While a review has shown that use of MBC benefits youth, no published reviews exist that summarize the successful strategies and barriers to implementation models across studies in youth service settings. To address these gaps, the present systematic review (N = 25 studies) focuses on the implementation of MBC across four youth service settings, including outpatient mental health centers, medical centers/pediatric clinics, schools, and clinical psychology training clinics. Results suggest that few studies employ consistent implementation models or strategies to guide efforts. Further, there is significant overlap in the successful strategies employed as well as the barriers to implementation of MBC across youth service settings, at the client, clinician, and organizational levels. Broadly, the authors recommend on the basis of findings that future implementation work in youth service settings: incorporate comprehensive training in the use of MBC for clinicians; incorporate stakeholder feedback into the implementation process for initial and sustained use; employ digital measurement feedback systems to deliver MBC that allow for real-time feedback and continuous technical support; and employ a health equity lens in implementation efforts to help address disparities in access to and use of MBC so that all youth and families may benefit from this evidence-based practice.
Are social contracts possible without actual negotiation?
Authors: Holcombe Randall G. , Robson Gregory J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article addresses one of the several moral arguments for the state, the social contract argument, showing that this argument has been inadequately justified. The terms of any contract are determined by negotiation among the parties to the contract. The terms of any contract cannot be known absent actual negotiation to produce them. Social contract theorists widely believe that actual negotiation and actual agreement with a social contract did not occur, so their theories rest on hypothetical scenarios in which people would agree to the contract’s terms. Because actual negotiations did not produce a social contract, one cannot know its terms. This calls into question whether people could be obligated to abide by a social contract whose terms were not negotiated and hence are unknowable.
Agricultural drought monitoring and early warning at the regional scale using a remote sensing-based combined index
Authors: Satapathy Trupti , Dietrich Jörg , Ramadas Meenu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEarly detection of agricultural drought can alert farmers and authorities, enhancing the resilience of the food sector. A framework is proposed for developing a novel regional agricultural drought index (RegCDI) by combining remotely sensed vegetation health, soil moisture and crop water stress via a transparent Shannon’s entropy weighting method. The framework consists of the selection of suitable datasets based on their regional performance, the aggregation of selected drought indicators, the validation of the combined index against crop yield, and the testing of predictive capabilities. The creation and performance of RegCDI are demonstrated for the drought prone Indian state of Odisha. MODIS surface reflectance is selected for crop water stress and GLDAS-2 for assessing soil moisture deficits and vegetation health. Three selected indicators (SMCI, TCI, and SIWSI-1) are combined into RegCDI for Odisha. The performance of RegCDI is evaluated (a) against other popular drought indices and (b) by comparing with seasonal crop yields. RegCDI is used to identify drought hotspots based on drought severity, duration, and propensity over the study area. A reforecast evaluation of RegCDI (up to three months ahead) showed that the indicators based on soil moisture deficit and crop water stress could predict drought conditions up to two months ahead with no less than 80% accuracy. This demonstrated the potential of the RegCDI framework and its component indicators for early warning of drought in Odisha.
Exploring the host compound dynamics of 1,4-phenylene-bis(di-p-fluorophenylmethanol) in mixed pyridines
Authors: Barton Benita , Vorgers Jarryd A. , Hosten Eric C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, the wheel-and-axle host compound, 1,4-phenylene-bis(di-p-fluorophenylmethanol) (H), was demonstrated to have inclusion ability for each of PYR, 2MP, 3MP and 4MP (1:1, 1:2, 1:2 and 1:2 were the H: G ratios). In the equimolar guest competition experiments, H was observed to have an overwhelming affinity for PYR and 4MP relative to 2MP and 3MP. In fact, selectivity coefficients calculated from the non-equimolar binary guest competition experiments suggested that this host compound would be an efficient candidate for the separation of all PYR/2MP mixtures and a 40:60 4MP/3MP solution through host-guest chemistry strategies. SCXRD analyses established the preferred guests (PYR and 4MP) to be involved in significantly shorter stabilizing classical hydrogen bonding interactions with H, explaining the selectivity behaviour of this host compound in the guest mixtures. Additionally, Hirshfeld surface considerations also explained this behaviour, but only for PYR. Furthermore, thermal analyses were used to ascertain the relative thermal stabilities of the four complexes and, satisfyingly, the PYR- and 4MP-containing complexes possessed the greater thermal stabilities compared with H·2(2MP) and H·2(3MP), as was demonstrated by a comparison of their guest release onset temperatures.
Effects of Pichia manshurica yeast supplementation on ruminal fermentation, nutrient degradability, and greenhouse gas emissions in aflatoxin B1 contaminated diets
Authors: Soltan Yosra , Morsy Amr , Elazab Mahmoud , El-Nile Amr E. , Hashem Nesrein , Sultan Mohamed , Hamad Younis , El Lail Gomaa Abo , Abo-Sherif Sohila , Dabour Nassra , Kheadr Ehab , Hafez Elsayed , Sallam Sobhy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractYeast feed additives present a natural approach for mitigating ruminal greenhouse gases (GHG) in an environmentally sustainable manner. This study aimed to isolate yeast strains from ruminal fluids capable of reducing GHG from Aflatoxin (AFB1) contaminated diets. Two isolates of Pichia manchuria (FFNLYFC1 and FFNLYFC2) were isolated and identified from the ruminal contents of dairy Zaraibi goats. An in vitro gas production assay was conducted to evaluate the impact of the yeast supplementations on a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 or not. The treatments were control (-AFB1; basal diet without supplements), control with AFB1 contamination (+ AFB1; basal diet containing 20 ppb AFB1), and yeast-supplemented diets (basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and three treatments of P. manchuria [FFNLYFC1, FFNLYFC2, and their mixture at 1:1 ratio (Mix)]. High biological components were detected in abundance of both FFNLYFC1, FFNLYFC2 filtrates (e.g., diisooctyl phthalate). The Mix and FFNLYFC2 of P. manchuria reduced (P < 0.05) methane by 23.5 and 20.8%, respectively, while only Mix inhibited carbon dioxide by 44% compared to the + AFB1 diet. All yeast diets improved (P < 0.05) ammonia concentration, total protozoal and Entodinium spp. counts compared to + AFB1 diet. The Mix exhibited higher (P < 0.05) values of ruminal degraded cellulose, total short-chain fatty acids, acetate and propionate compared to the individual isolates diets. The results suggest synergistic interactions among P. manshurica isolates, leading to enhanced ruminal fermentation and reduced GHG emissions while alleviating the adverse effects of AFB1. Therefore, we recommended the Mix of P. Manchuria as a novel feed additive to ruminant diets.
Genotyping-by-sequencing shows high genetic diversity in Corylus avellana germplasm resistant to eastern filbert blight
Authors: Lombardoni J. J. , Honig J. A. , Vaiciunas J. N. , Kubik C. , Capik J. M. , Mehlenbacher S. A. , Molnar T. J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEuropean hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is an anemophilous, dichogamous, self-incompatible tree nut species. It is native to a large portion of Europe, Turkey, and the Caucasus region, across which a wealth of plant genetic resources is present. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of a core set of C. avellana representing the world’s germplasm using genotyping-by-sequencing derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and to classify novel eastern filbert blight (EFB) resistant or tolerant accessions. Two-hundred-twenty-two accessions underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) to generate SNP markers. From this, 1,250 SNP markers were used to construct a neighbor-joining (NJ) dendrogram and perform a STRUCTURE and discriminant analysis of principal coordinates (DAPC) analyses. In the dendrogram, five major groups were established, which generally corresponded to geographic origins of the plant materials studied. In STRUCTURE, support was found for groupings at (K) = 3, (K) = 6, and (K) = 10 populations, with the greatest Δ-(K) value occurring at (K) = 10. Although the three different analyses indicated slightly different solutions, the overall results were generally consistent from the standpoint of identifying similar accession groupings. For many of the accessions, recorded origins tended to correspond with their genetic grouping, although there was also evidence of intermixing and likely movement of plant materials. Interestingly, in all three analyses, a vast majority of the new accessions from the Republic of Georgia formed their own distinct group, highlighting this geographic region as a unique pool of C. avellana genetic resources. Overall, EFB resistant/tolerant accessions were placed across a wide range of genetic backgrounds. Thus, our results indicate EFB resistance/tolerance is present across a wide spectrum of C. avellana genetic resources, with the Georgian accessions representing a new and relatively unique germplasm pool that can be incorporated into hazelnut breeding programs.
Factors affecting the concentration of metals and metalloids in the kidneys of a top predator, the Eurasian Buzzard (Buteo buteo) wintering in farmland in Poland
Authors: Kitowski Ignacy , Jakubas Dariusz , Wiącek Dariusz , Pitucha Grzegorz , Sujak Agnieszka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDuring late autumn and winter, raptors in the western Palearctic face challenges due to food scarcity and dropping temperatures. That time they can be exposed to various elements including toxic ones ingested with food. Kidney samples from 22 females and 19 males of a medium-sized raptor, the Common Buzzard Buteo buteo found dead in farmland of Eastern Poland in winter were analyzed for a concentration of 21 elements. Elemental concentrations were analyzed regarding the age and sex of birds. Results revealed that only 4.9% of individuals had kidney lead levels exceeding 8.0 mg, while 9.8% showed cadmium levels above 8.0 mg/kg, indicating potential poisoning. The study also highlighted the limited entry of arsenic into agricultural ecosystems exploited by Common Buzzards. Sex differences were noted, with females accumulating more lead and vanadium than males which can be associated with foraging niche partitioning between sexes driven by body size dimorphism. Sulfur showed complex interactions with cadmium, mercury, and zinc, with a positive correlation between sulfur and zinc levels in the kidneys, emphasizing dietary needs during food scarcity. A positive correlation was found between zinc and lead concentrations, indicating zinc’s role in mitigating lead’s impact. The study also revealed positive correlations between selenium and highly toxic elements like mercury (Spearman correlation, rs = 0.41) and cadmium (rs = 0.51), suggesting a mitigating effect of selenium on exposure to heavy metals. This study enhances understanding of year-round environmental contamination exposure for raptors and sheds light on bioaccumulation in a top predator.
Comparative analysis of airborne fungal spore distribution in urban and rural environments of Slovakia
Authors: Žilka Matúš , Hrabovský Michal , Dušička Jozef , Zahradníková Eva , Gahurová Dominika , Ščevková Jana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMonitoring airborne fungal spores is crucial for public health and plant production since they belong to important aeroallergens and phytopathogens. Due to different land use, their concentration can differ significantly between urban and rural areas. We monitored their spectrum and quantity on two geographically close sites with a different degree of urbanisation: Bratislava City and Kaplna Village in Slovakia, located 38 km apart. We recorded the spectrum of airborne fungal spores over a year and confirmed the microscopic results by amplicon-based metagenomic analysis. The main spore season of the most frequent genera lasted over a week longer in Kaplna, but its intensity was approximately two-fold higher in Bratislava. This can be possibly connected to the microclimatic conditions of the urban area (especially wind speed and heat island effect) and the lesser use of fungicides. Cladosporium was the dominant genus on both sites, influencing the intensity most significantly. Through statistical analysis of the influence of meteorological parameters on airborne fungal spore levels, we identified a significant relationship with temperature, while the impact of other parameters varied depending on the spore type and release mechanism. Our results show the differences in airborne fungal spore levels between urban and rural areas and highlight the necessity for more monitoring stations in various environments.
Embracing the New Normal or Clinging to the Past? Digital Anxiety Among Elementary School Teachers in Post-COVID Taiwan
Authors: Chen Ken-Zen , Lo Shih-Yu , Lin Yi-Hsuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the extent of digital anxiety among elementary school teachers in Hsinchu City, Taiwan, in the context of the post-COVID new normal. Specifically, the study employs the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) to measure the level of anxiety experienced by teachers in adapting to digital teaching methods. The online survey was conducted in November 2021, and 358 valid responses were obtained from Hsinchu City. The results of the survey provides insights into the challenges that teachers face in adapting to the new normal and the impact of digital anxiety on their change of teaching. Result reveals that when going back to teaching face-to-face, teachers’ levels of depression, anxiety, and stress soon returned to normal. However, the stress of teachers without kids and special education teachers dropped dramatically. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of digital anxiety among elementary school teachers in Hsinchu City and offers recommendations for supporting teachers' well-being and promoting effective digital teaching practices in the post-COVID era.
Multiple Paths to a Larger Mouth: Morphological Divergence in Two Island Populations of Australian Tiger Snakes (Notechis scutatus)
Authors: Palci Alessandro , Lee Michael S. Y. , Aubret Fabien , Sherratt Emma 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe studied ontogenetic variation in skull morphology in tiger snakes sampled from mainland South Australia (Coffin Bay), mainland Western Australia (Herdsman Lake), Franklin Island, and Hopkins Island. The snakes from the two islands were selected because of their unusually large absolute body and head size, likely attained as a result of dietary constraints and strong selective pressure during thousands of years of isolation on islands. We performed geometric morphometric analysis of the skulls from these snakes to identify and precisely quantify morphological differences. Island snakes are born larger (trunk length) than mainland snakes, and consequently also tend to have larger absolute head size at birth. The heads of island snakes also show a faster relative growth rate (positive allometry) compared to those of mainland snakes, likely to cope with the large prey items found on these islands. However, the snakes from the two islands differ from each other in terms of morphological change associated with ontogeny, especially with regard to a palatal bone (ectopterygoid), which, compared to mainland snakes, is relatively longer in the snakes from Hopkins Island but shorter in the snakes from Franklin Island. Some morphological traits potentially associated with promoting a larger gape were also observed in one of the mainland populations (Herdsman Lake), consistent with standing variability for selection. Our results reveal that discernible changes in morphology and allometry in skull bones have evolved in island populations of tiger snakes in less than 10 000 years, and suggest that the large heads of island tiger snakes might develop via slightly different paths through morphospace on different islands.
Unschuldig!
Authors: Arikoglu Selin 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungKinder, deren Eltern inhaftiert sind stehen oft vor einzigartigen Herausforderungen und benötigen besondere Unterstützung, um mit der Situation umzugehen und ihr Leben weiterzuführen. Hinzukommen die prekären Lebenslagen, traumatisierenden Erlebnisse, fehlende emotionale oder persönliche Lebensperspektiven. Bislang orientiert sich sowohl die Praxis als auch die Wissenschaft am straffälligen Verhalten eines Menschen, statt sich der fehlenden Netzwerkarbeit zwischen der Kinder-Jugendhilfe, Strafvollzugsanstalt, Straffälligen,-Angehörigenarbeit zu widmen.
Bibliometrics and National Institutes of Health Funding: Associated Factors in Academic Rhinology
Authors: Revercomb Lucy , Patel Aman M. , Tripathi Om B. , Wassef David W. , Cowan Paul T. , Schwartz Cynthia , Filimonov Andrey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOur study aims to evaluate demographics and research productivity in academic rhinology and to establish the relationship between bibliometrics such as the Hirsch index (h-index) and the more recently developed relative citation ratio (RCR) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding. Retrospective cohort study. The demographics of academic rhinologists were collected from institutional faculty profiles (N = 207). Funding data were obtained from the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Reports Database. The h-index was calculated using Scopus. The mean (m-RCR) and weighted RCR (w-RCR) were calculated using the NIH iCite tool. The majority of academic rhinologists were men (72.9%). Only 8.7% of rhinologists (N = 18) received NIH funding. Rhinologists receiving NIH funding had greater h-index (31 vs. 11), m-RCR (2.6 vs. 1.6), and w-RCR (339.9 vs. 44.7) (P < 0.001). Men had greater h-index (14 vs. 10, P < 0.001) and w-RCR (56.8 vs. 36.9, P = 0.025) but not m-RCR (1.7 vs. 1.6, P = 0.799) than women. Stratifying by academic professorship rank and across all career durations, h-index, m-RCR, and w-RCR were not significantly different between men and women. Among academic rhinologists the h-index, m-RCR, and w-RCR were all associated with receiving NIH funding. Similar h-index, m-RCR, and w-RCR between men and women across all academic professorship ranks and career durations suggests production of similar quality and quantity of research. The m-RCR and w-RCR help to address some of the limitations of the h-index and are useful for assessing research productivity.