bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Sulfur–Limonene‐Based Electrode for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: High‐Performance by Self‐Protection
Authors: Wu Feixiang , Chen Shuangqiang , Srot Vesna , Huang Yuanye , Sinha Shyam Kanta , van Aken Peter A. , Maier Joachim , Yu Yan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur battery is considered as one of the most promising energy storage systems and has received enormous attentions due to its high energy density and low cost. However, polysulfide dissolution and the resulting shuttle effects hinder its practical application unless very costly solutions are considered. Herein, a sulfur‐rich polymer termed sulfur–limonene polysulfide is proposed as powerful electroactive material that uniquely combines decisive advantages and leads out of this dilemma. It is amenable to a large‐scale synthesis by the abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally benign raw materials sulfur and limonene (from orange and lemon peels). Moreover, owing to self‐protection and confinement of lithium sulfide and sulfur, detrimental dissolution and shuttle effects are successfully avoided. The sulfur–limonene‐based electrodes (without elaborate synthesis or surface modification) exhibit excellent electrochemical performances characterized by high discharge capacities (≈1000 mA h g−1 at C/2) and remarkable cycle stability (average fading rate as low as 0.008% per cycle during 300 cycles).
Rational Design of Multifunctional Fe@γ‐Fe2O3@H‐TiO2Nanocomposites with Enhanced Magnetic and Photoconversion Effects for Wide Applications: From Photocatalysis to Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Meifang , Deng Kerong , Lü Wei , Deng Xiaoran , Li Kai , Shi Yanshu , Ding Binbin , Cheng Ziyong , Xing Bengang , Han Gang , Hou Zhiyao , Lin Jun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTitanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely investigated and used in many areas due to its high refractive index and ultraviolet light absorption, but the lack of absorption in the visible–near infrared (Vis–NIR) region limits its application. Herein, multifunctional Fe@γ‐Fe2O3@H‐TiO2nanocomposites (NCs) with multilayer‐structure are synthesized by one‐step hydrogen reduction, which show remarkably improved magnetic and photoconversion effects as a promising generalists for photocatalysis, bioimaging, and photothermal therapy (PTT). Hydrogenation is used to turn white TiO2in to hydrogenated TiO2(H‐TiO2), thus improving the absorption in the Vis–NIR region. Based on the excellent solar‐driven photocatalytic activities of the H‐TiO2shell, the Fe@γ‐Fe2O3magnetic core is introduced to make it convenient for separating and recovering the catalytic agents. More importantly, Fe@γ‐Fe2O3@H‐TiO2NCs show enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency due to more circuit loops for electron transitions between H‐TiO2and γ‐Fe2O3, and the electronic structures of Fe@γ‐Fe2O3@H‐TiO2NCs are calculated using the Vienna ab initio simulation package based on the density functional theory to account for the results. The reported core–shell NCs can serve as an NIR‐responsive photothermal agent for magnetic‐targeted photothermal therapy and as a multimodal imaging probe for cancer including infrared photothermal imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and photoacoustic imaging.
Constructing a broadly inclusive seed plant phylogeny
Authors: Smith Stephen A. , Brown Joseph W. 
Published: February 2018

Premise of the StudyLarge phylogenies can help shed light on macroevolutionary patterns that inform our understanding of fundamental processes that shape the tree of life. These phylogenies also serve as tools that facilitate other systematic, evolutionary, and ecological analyses. Here we combine genetic data from public repositories (GenBank) with phylogenetic data (Open Tree of Life project) to construct a dated phylogeny for seed plants.MethodsWe conducted a hierarchical clustering analysis of publicly available molecular data for major clades within the Spermatophyta. We constructed phylogenies of major clades, estimated divergence times, and incorporated data from the Open Tree of Life project, resulting in a seed plant phylogeny. We estimated diversification rates, excluding those taxa without molecular data. We also summarized topological uncertainty and data overlap for each major clade.Key ResultsThe trees constructed for Spermatophyta consisted of 79,881 and 353,185 terminal taxa; the latter included the Open Tree of Life taxa for which we could not include molecular data from GenBank. The diversification analyses demonstrated nested patterns of rate shifts throughout the phylogeny. Data overlap and inference uncertainty show significant variation throughout and demonstrate the continued need for data collection across seed plants.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a means for combining available resources to construct a dated phylogeny for plants. However, this approach is an early step and more developments are needed to add data, better incorporating underlying uncertainty, and improve resolution. The methods discussed here can also be applied to other major clades in the tree of life.
Cocrystals Strategy towards Materials for Near‐Infrared Photothermal Conversion and Imaging
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhu Weigang , Du Wenna , Liu Xinfeng , Zhang Xiaotao , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA cocrystal strategy with a simple preparation process is developed to prepare novel materials for near‐infrared photothermal (PT) conversion and imaging. DBTTF and TCNB are selected as electron donor (D) and electron acceptor (A) to self‐assemble into new cocrystals through non‐covalent interactions. The strong D–A interaction leads to a narrow band gap with NIR absorption and that both the ground state and lowest‐lying excited state are charge transfer states. Under the NIR laser illumination, the temperature of the cocrystal sharply increases in a short time with high PT conversion efficiency (η=18.8 %), which is due to the active non‐radiative pathways and inhibition of radiative transition process, as revealed by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. This is the first PT conversion cocrystal, which not only provides insights for the development of novel PT materials, but also paves the way of designing functional materials with appealing applications.
A Benzene‐1,3,5‐Triaminyl Radical Fused with ZnII‐Porphyrins: Remarkable Stability and a High‐Spin Quartet Ground State
Authors: Shimizu Daiki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA benzene‐1,3,5‐triaminyl radical fused with three ZnII‐porphyrins was synthesized through a three‐fold oxidative fusion reaction of 1,3,5‐tris(ZnII‐porphyrinylamino)benzene followed by oxidation with PbO2 as key steps. This triaminyl radical has been shown to possess a quartet ground state with a doublet–quartet energy gap of 3.1 kJ mol−1 by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) studies. Despite its high‐spin nature, this triradical is remarkably stable, which allows its separation and recrystallization under ambient conditions. Moreover, this triradical can be stored as a solid for more than one year without serious deterioration. The high stability of the triradical is attributed to effective spin delocalization over the porphyrin segments and steric protection at the nitrogen centers and the porphyrin meso positions.
Study on the tribological properties of modified polyurethane material for water‐lubricated stern bearing
Authors: Jiang Shaoli , Guo Zhiwei , Yuan Chengqing , Liu Aixue , Bai Xiuqin 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTPolyurethane (PU) has been studied as alternative bearing material for marine water‐lubricated stern tube due to its excellent wear resistance, remarkable mechanical properties and so on. In this study, nine types of PU samples which are composed of different additives were prepared and tested in order to investigate their tribological properties under various working conditions. A pin‐on‐disc tribo‐tester was used to conduct tests. Then comparison analyses were conducted from three aspects, including the friction coefficient, wear mass loss, and the wear surface topography. The analysis results showed that: (1) the different additives as well as the mass fraction of these additives lead to significant difference in terms of tribological properties of PU; (2) the lubricating grease, as one of additives, improved the wear resistance and friction performance effectively; (3) modified PU is eligible to work as matrix because of satisfied mechanical properties and specific internal morphology. It is believed that understandings in this study are beneficial to the improvement of the tribological properties of PU and also provide the real practical basis for the studies of polymer materials which applied on water‐lubricated marine stern tube bearing. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2018,135, 46305.
Secondary dispersion‐based reactive pressure‐sensitive adhesives with improved tack
Authors: Kutlug Özgür , Reck Stephan , Hartwig Andreas 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTReactive pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSA) have to meet the requirements for sufficient tack prior to crosslinking but also high shear after crosslinking. This article examines the use of secondary acrylic dispersions with reactive groups and epoxy resin dispersions for such PSA. Long‐term stable secondary PSA dispersions with high tack after film formation were obtained. Tack was dependent on the amount of carboxylic acid groups in the polymer as well as the base used for partial neutralization of the solvent‐borne copolymers. Reactive PSA were prepared by mixing a secondary dispersion with high amounts of carboxylic acid groups with an epoxy resin dispersion providing no tack. Variation of mixing ratio gave reactive PSA with sufficient tack, peel, and shear prior to crosslinking. Crosslinking of these reactive PSA at elevated temperatures led to high shear which was limited by incomplete molecular mixing of both phases. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46315.
Morphological and rheological footprints corroborating optimum foam processability of PP/ethylene acrylic elastomer blend
Authors: Dutta Anindya , Ghosh Anup K. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe focus of the present work is optimization of microcellular foam processing of Polypropylene (PP)/ethylene acrylic elastomer blends, through design of experiment approach using Taguchi technique and establishing correlation among foamability, morphological, and rheological parameters of blends. PP and elastomer are melt blended in a twin screw extruder and thereafter foaming parameter optimization is carried out using Taguchi method followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) for batch foaming setup. Scanning electron microscope reveals development of submicron elastomer domains, which increase with the elastomer content. Further, complex viscosity and van Grup–Palmen plots are found to have a vital role in attaining cellular morphology development in blends. From Taguchi and ANOVA analysis it is established that foaming temperature has a great influence and major contribution on foamability. Blends with low elastomer content are optimized for better foamability using statistical approach and proved to be consistent with the morphological and rheological outcomes. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46322.
The virtual microscopy database—sharing digital microscope images for research and education
Authors: Lee Lisa M. J. , Goldman Haviva M. , Hortsch Michael 
Published: February 2018

Over the last 20 years, virtual microscopy has become the predominant modus of teaching the structural organization of cells, tissues, and organs, replacing the use of optical microscopes and glass slides in a traditional histology or pathology laboratory setting. Although virtual microscopy image files can easily be duplicated, creating them requires not only quality histological glass slides but also an expensive whole slide microscopic scanner and massive data storage devices. These resources are not available to all educators and researchers, especially at new institutions in developing countries. This leaves many schools without access to virtual microscopy resources. The Virtual Microscopy Database (VMD) is a new resource established to address this problem. It is a virtual image file‐sharing website that allows researchers and educators easy access to a large repository of virtual histology and pathology image files. With the support from the American Association of Anatomists (Bethesda, MD) and MBF Bioscience Inc. (Williston, VT), registration and use of the VMD are currently free of charge. However, the VMD site is restricted to faculty and staff of research and educational institutions. Virtual Microscopy Database users can upload their own collection of virtual slide files, as well as view and download image files for their own non‐profit educational and research purposes that have been deposited by other VMD clients. Anat Sci Educ 11: 510–515. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.
Isomeric N‐Annulated Perylene Diimide Dimers for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Zetong , Fu Huiting , Meng Dong , Jiang Wei , Sun Yanming , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTwo isomeric N‐annulated perylene diimide dimers, namely, p‐BDNP and m‐BDNP were designed and synthesized via geometric tuning. The distinct molecular geometry and packing arrangements of isomers with almost identical optical and electrochemical properties rendered us an in‐depth understanding of the molecular structure–aggregation state–photovoltaic performance relationship. Blended with the commercially available donor PCE‐10, p‐BDNP and m‐BDNP showed distinct differences in photovoltaic performance with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 5.01 % and 4.15 %, respectively.
Vorgehensmodell zur vergaberechtskonformen Ausschreibung und Bieterauswahl bei BIM‐Projekten am Beispiel des Pilotprojekts ABS Stendal–Uelzen
Authors: Bergmann Matthias , Schenkel Marcus 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDie DB Netz AG, als Eisenbahninfrastrukturunternehmen (EIU) im integrierten Konzern der Deutschen Bahn AG, investiert jedes Jahr ca. 7 Mrd. Euro in den Aus‐ und Neubau sowie in den Ersatz des vorhandenen Streckennetzes. Insbesondere Projekte des Aus‐ und Neubaus sind gekennzeichnet durch sehr lange Projektlaufzeiten – oft mehrere Dekaden – zwischen Projektidee und Inbetriebnahme (IBN) der oft dringend benötigten zusätzlichen Netzkapazität und – damit auch verbunden – wesentlichen Kostensteigerungen in den Projekten selbst.
Impacts of feedstock properties on the process economics of fast‐pyrolysis biorefineries
Authors: Ou Longwen , Kim Hoyong , Kelley Stephen , Park Sunkyu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFeedstock properties are an important factor affecting the process yields and economics of fast‐pyrolysis biorefineries. This study develops a fast‐pyrolysis process model sensitive to feedstock properties based on experimental results. Sixty‐four simulations are run to evaluate the impacts of carbon, ash, and moisture content in biomass feedstocks on process yields and energy consumptions. An economic analysis is conducted for each run to quantify process economics under different feedstock properties. With biomass feedstocks of 48% carbon and 15% moisture, minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) increases from $0.97/L to $1.06/L when ash content increases from 1% to 7%, due to reduced hydrocarbon yields. With biomass feedstocks of 48% carbon and 3% ash content, MFSP increases from $1.03/L to $1.08/L when feedstock moisture increases from 15% to 45% as a consequence of increased energy demand for feedstock drying. The impact of feedstock ash content decreases gradually as ash content increases. Feedstock carbon content has less significant impacts on process economics in this study. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Characterization of neuropeptide K processing in rat spinal cord S9 fractions using high‐resolution quadrupole–Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Authors: Salem Jennifer Ben , Nkambeu Bruno , Beaudry Francis 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTachykinins are a family of pronociceptive neuropeptides with a specific role in pain and inflammation. Several mechanisms regulate endogenous tachykinins levels, including the differential expression of protachykinin mRNA and the controlled secretion of tachykinin peptides from neurons. We suspect that proteolysis regulates extracellular neuropeptide K (NPK) and neurokinin A (NKA) concentrations and NPK is a precursor of NKA. Here, we provide evidence that proteolysis controls NPK and NKA levels in the spinal cord, leading to the formation of active C‐terminal peptide fragments. Using high‐resolution mass spectrometry, specific tachykinin fragments were identified and characterized. The metabolic stability in rat spinal cord fractions of NPK and NKA was very short, resulting in half‐lives of 1.9 and 2.2 min respectively. Following the degradation of NPK, several C‐terminal fragments were identified, including NPK1–26, NKA, NKA2–10, NKA3–10, NKA5–10 and NKA6–10, which conserve affinity for the neurokinin 2 receptor but also for the neurokinin 1 receptor. Interestingly, the same fragments were identified following the degradation of NKA. A specific proprotein convertases inhibitor was used and showed a significant reduction in the rate of formation of NKA, providing strong evidence that proprotein convertase is involved in C‐terminal processing of NPK in the spinal cord, leading to the formation of NKA.
High expression of DJ‐1 promotes growth and invasion via the PTEN‐AKT pathway and predicts a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lin Yong , Chen Qian , Liu Quan‐xing , Zhou Dong , Lu Xiao , Deng Xu‐feng , Yang Hua , Zheng Hong , Qiu Yuan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCancer cell invasion and unlimited proliferation are key factors in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Increased protein deglycase DJ‐1 in cancer cells is known to promote tumor growth; however, its role in CRC progression is not well defined. In this study, we investigated 100 CRC patients with disease stages I–IV to determine whether DJ‐1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker in CRC. These results showed that DJ‐1 expression in CRC tissues was higher than that in normal colon tissues and was associated with the (Tumor Node Metastasis) TNM stage. CRC patients with low DJ‐1 expression had a longer overall survival than those with high expression, and multivariate and univariate analyses indicated that DJ‐1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in CRC. Furthermore, DJ‐1 overexpression in two colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and SW480, activated protein kinase AKT and downregulated tumor suppressor PTEN, whereas DJ‐1 knockdown upregulated PTEN expression and effectively suppressed CRC cell invasion and proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, revealing a mechanism underlying DJ‐1 pro‐oncogenic activity in CRC. Treatment of MK2206, the specific AKT inhibitor, significantly decreased DJ‐1‐mediated cell proliferation and mobility in vitro. Taken together, these results suggest that DJ‐1 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in human CRC.
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor CIP2A indicates resistance to radiotherapy in rectal cancer
Authors: Birkman Eva‐Maria , Elzagheid Adam , Jokilehto Terhi , Avoranta Tuulia , Korkeila Eija , Kulmala Jarmo , Syrjänen Kari , Westermarck Jukka , Sundström Jari 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPreoperative (chemo)radiotherapy, (C)RT, is an essential part of the treatment of rectal cancer patients, but tumor response to this therapy among patients is variable. Thus far, there are no clinical biomarkers that could be used to predict response to (C)RT or to stratify patients into different preoperative treatment groups according to their prognosis. Overexpression of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been demonstrated in several cancers and is frequently associated with reduced survival. Recently, high CIP2A expression has also been indicated to contribute to radioresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, but few studies have examined the connection between CIP2A and radiation response regarding other malignancies. We have evaluated CIP2A protein expression levels in relation to tumor regression after preoperative (C)RT and survival of rectal adenocarcinoma patients. The effects of CIP2A knockdown by siRNA on cell survival were further investigated in colorectal cancer cells exposed to radiation. Patients with low‐CIP2A‐expressing tumors had more frequently moderate or excellent response to long‐course (C)RT than patients with high‐CIP2A‐expressing tumors. They also had higher 36‐month disease‐specific survival (DSS) rate in categorical analysis. In the multivariate analysis, low CIP2A expression level remained as an independent predictive factor for increased DSS. Suppression of CIP2A transcription by siRNA was found to sensitize colorectal cancer cells to irradiation and decrease their survival in vitro. In conclusion, these results suggest that by contributing to radiosensitivity of cancer cells, low CIP2A protein expression level associates with a favorable response to long‐course (C)RT in rectal cancer patients.
Mortality risk after cancer diagnosis in kidney transplant recipients: the limitations of analyzing hospital administration data alone
Authors: Jackson‐Spence Francesca , Gillott Holly , Tahir Sanna , Nath Jay , Mytton Jemma , Evison Felicity , Sharif Adnan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAdministrative data are frequently used for epidemiological studies but its usefulness to analyze cancer epidemiology after kidney transplantation is unclear. In this retrospective population‐based cohort study, we identified every adult kidney‐alone transplant performed in England (2003–2014) using administrative data from Hospital Episode Statistics. Results were compared to the hospitalized adult general population in England to calculate standardized incidence and mortality ratios. Data were analyzed for 19,883 kidney allograft recipients, with median follow‐up 6.0 years' post‐transplantation. Cancer incidence was more common after kidney transplantation compared to the general population in line with published literature (standardized incidence ratio 2.47, 95% CI: 2.34–2.61). In a Cox proportional hazards model, cancer development was associated with increasing age, recipients of deceased kidneys, frequent readmissions within 12 months post‐transplant and first kidney recipients. All‐cause mortality risk for kidney allograft recipients with new‐onset cancer was significantly higher compared to those remaining cancer‐free (42.0% vs. 10.3%, respectively). However, when comparing mortality risk for kidney allograft recipients to the general population after development of cancer, risk was lower for both cancer‐related (standardized mortality ratio 0.75, 95% CI: 0.71–0.79) and noncancer‐related mortality (standardized mortality ratio 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85–0.95), which contradicts reported literature. Although some plausible explanations are conceivable, our analysis likely reflects the limitations of administrative data for analyzing cancer data. Future studies require record linkage with dedicated cancer registries to acquire more robust and accurate data relating to cancer epidemiology after transplantation.