bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Public Health Service Equalization Program in the Control of Hypertension in China: Results from a Cross-sectional Health Interview Survey
Authors: Qin Jiangmei , Zhang Yanchun , Fridman Masha , Sweeny Kim , Zhang Lifang , Mao Lu , Lin Chunmei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main cause of mortality in China. In 2009, the Chinese government introduced the Public Health Service Equalization (PHSE) program to restore the primary healthcare system in both essential medical care and public health service provision. This study evaluates the impact of management on hypertension control and evaluate how the program works.MethodsThe China National Health Development Research Centre (CNHDRC) undertook the Cross-sectional Health Service Interview Survey (CHSIS) of 62,097 people from primary healthcare reform pilot areas, across 17 provinces from eastern, central and western parts of China in 2014. This study is based on CHSIS survey responses from 9,607 participants, who had been diagnosed with hypertension. Regression analysis was used to estimate the impact of management provided under PHSE on hypertension control adjusting for the effects of other known determinants of hypertension control.FindingsUncontrolled hypertension was markedly lower among respondents, whose hypertension had been managed (22.4% in managed patients versus 31.1% in unmanaged patients, p<0.001). The interaction between PHSE management and the geographical region was highly significant in the model (p<0.001), suggesting that the PHSE program was not equally effective in all regions. Further analysis suggested that approximately 10% of regional variability was attributed to differences in administrative systems, as there was a significant association (P=0.014) between the presence of established regional Information Management Systems (IMS) and increased PHSE effectiveness. Insurance (χ2(5)=4.4, p=0.496) and Hukou (χ2(1)=2.4, p=0.121), which denote social security and urban rural differences, respectively, were not significant predictor of hypertension control.ConclusionActive management of hypertension through the PHSE program was effective with 7.31 million more patients receiving hypertension control and equalization of service delivery was reflected to some extent. The link between established IMS and regional variability in the impact of PHSE highlights the importance of effective management of patient referrals and follow-up. Further investigation is needed to explore the factors that influence the effectiveness of PHSE.
Downregulation of hippocampal NR2A/2B subunits related to cognitive impairment in a pristane-induced lupus BALB/c mice
Authors: Luciano-Jaramillo Jonatan , Sandoval-García Flavio , Vázquez-Del Mercado Mónica , Gutiérrez-Mercado Yanet Karina , Navarro-Hernández Rosa Elena , Martínez-García Erika Aurora , Pizano-Martínez Oscar , Corona-Meraz Fernanda Isadora , Bañuelos-Pineda Jacinto , Floresvillar-Mosqueda Jorge , Martín-Márquez Beatriz Teresita 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNeuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a severe complication associated with the neurotoxic effects of circulating autoantibodies in the central nervous system (CNS) manifested frequently as a learning and memory deficit. Pristane-induced lupus in BALB/c female mice is an experimental model that resembles some clinical and immunological SLE pathogenesis associated with environmental factors. Nevertheless, there is no experimental evidence that relate pristane-induced lupus with cognitive dysfunction associated with autoantibodies production.ObjectiveTo evaluate cognitive impairment related to memory deficits in a pristane-induced lupus BALB/c female mice related to mRNA expression levels of NR2A/2B hippocampal subunits in short and long-term memory task at 7 and 12 weeks after LPS exposition (7wLPS and 12wLPS) in a behavioral test with the employment of Barnes maze.MethodsFifty-four female BALB/c mice of 8-12 weeks old were included in 2 experimental groups: 7 and 12 weeks after lypopolissacharide (LPS) exposure and classified in subgroups (control, pristane and pristane+LPS). To determine cognitive dysfunction, mice were tested in a Barnes maze. Serum anti-Sm antibodies and relative expression of hippocampal NR2A/NR2B subunits were quantified.ResultsPristane and pristane+LPS mice showed a prolonged escape latency at 7wLPS than at 12wLPS in short-term memory. Downregulation of hippocampal NR2A subunit was more evident than NR2B in pristane and pristane+LPS at 7wLPS and 12wLPS. The anti-Sm autoantibodies levels correlate with the relative expression of NR2A.ConclusionDownregulation of hippocampal NR2A/2B subunits in the pristane-model of lupus in BALB/c mice may be related to anti-Sm autoantibodies production with the consequence of cognitive impairment in early stages of autoimmune disease.
Single-cell selectivity and functional architecture of human lateral occipital complex
Authors: Decramer Thomas , Premereur Elsie , Uytterhoeven Mats , Van Paesschen Wim , van Loon Johannes , Janssen Peter , Theys Tom 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe human lateral occipital complex (LOC) is more strongly activated by images of objects compared to scrambled controls, but detailed information at the neuronal level is currently lacking. We recorded with microelectrode arrays in the LOC of two patients, and obtained highly selective single-unit, multi-unit and high-gamma responses to images of objects. Contrary to predictions derived from functional imaging studies, all neuronal properties indicated that the subsector of LOC we recorded from occupies an unexpectedly high position in the hierarchy of visual areas. Notably, the response latencies of LOC neurons were long, the shape selectivity was spatially clustered, LOC receptive fields were large and bilateral, and a number of LOC neurons exhibited 3D-structure selectivity (a preference for convex or concave stimuli), which are all properties typical of end-stage ventral stream areas. Thus, our results challenge prevailing ideas about the position of the LOC in the hierarchy of visual areas.
Dispersal ofMycobacterium tuberculosisto indigenous populations driven by historical European trade in the South Pacific
Authors: Mulholland Claire V. , Shockey Abigail C. , Aung Htin L. , Cursons Ray T. , O’Toole Ronan F. , Gautam Sanjay S. , Brites Daniela , Gagneux Sebastien , Roberts Sally A. , Karalus Noel , Cook Gregory M. , Pepperell Caitlin S. , Arcus Vickery L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTheMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex lineage 4 (L4), also known as the “Euro-American” lineage, is the most widely dispersed of the seven human adapted lineages. L4 is comprised of ten sublineages including L4.4, which has a moderate global distribution and is the most common L4 sublineage in New Zealand. We have used a phylodynamics approach and a dataset of 236 globalM. tuberculosisgenomes to trace the origins and dispersal of L4.4 strains in New Zealand that are predominantly found in Māori and Pacific people. We identify an L4.4.1.1 sublineage clade of European origin, likely French, that is prevalent in indigenous populations in both New Zealand and Canada. Molecular dating suggests that expansion of European trade networks in the early 19th century led to dispersal of this clade to the South Pacific. We also identify historical and social factors within the region that have contributed to the local spread and expansion of these strains, including recent Pacific migrations to New Zealand and the rapid urbanization of Māori in the 20th century. Our results offer new insight into the dispersal ofM. tuberculosisin the South Pacific region and provide a striking example of the role of historical European migrations in the dispersal ofM. tuberculosis.Author SummaryTuberculosis kills more people worldwide than any other infectious disease and indigenous populations are disproportionately affected by the disease. Here, we have used a large global dataset ofMycobacterium tuberculosisbacterial genomes to trace the historical origins of tuberculosis strains in New Zealand that are most frequently found in Māori and Pacific people. These strains are locally known as the ‘Rangipo’ and ‘Otara’ strains (both Māori place names) and belong to the “Euro-American” lineage ofM. tuberculosis. Via genome analysis, we find that these strains are closely related toM. tuberculosisstrains found in indigenous populations in Canada that have a European origin. We used a molecular dating approach (a molecular clock) to infer the ages of these strains and date divergence events. The timing we infer corresponds to the introduction of these strains to Polynesia via expanding European trade networks in the South Pacific in the early 19th century and suggests that the Otara strain has migrated to New Zealand from the Pacific Islands multiple times. Our results provide insight into human social phenomena underlying the expansion and dispersal ofM. tuberculosisand reassert the important role of European colonial migrations in the global dispersal of theM. tuberculosisEuro-American lineage. This work also highlights the pejorative and stigmatizing mislabelling of the New Zealand strains with indigenous Māori place names, suggesting that these strains should be renamed.
Regeneration Rosetta: An interactive web application to explore regeneration-associated gene expression and chromatin accessibility
Authors: Rau Andrea , Dhara Sumona P. , Udvadia Ava J. , Auer Paul L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTime-course high-throughput assays of gene expression and enhancer usage in zebrafish provide a valuable characterization of the dynamic mechanisms governing gene regulatory programs during CNS axon regeneration. To facilitate the exploration and functional interpretation of a set of fully-processed data on regeneration-associated temporal transcription networks, we have created an interactive web application called Regeneration Rosetta. Using either built-in or user-provided lists of genes in one of dozens of supported organisms, our web application facilitates the (1) visualization of clustered temporal expression trends; (2) identification of proximal and distal regions of accessible chromatin to expedite downstream motif analysis; and (3) description of enriched functional gene ontology categories. By enabling a straightforward interrogation of these rich data without extensive bioinformatic expertise, Regeneration Rosetta is broadly useful for both a deep investigation of time-dependent regulation during regeneration in zebrafish and hypothesis generation in other organisms.
The shortest-path spanning tree of assembly dimension and its application
Authors: Wang Youli , Dai Liming , Zhang Xueliang , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to obtain the reasonable dimensioning for each part and a full-dimension model of assembly dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe relational path graph of assembly dimension, the shortest-path spanning tree of functional dimension and a revised spanning tree are established in this paper.FindingsThe proposed method can obtain reasonable dimensioning of parts and establishment of dimension model in an assembly.Originality/valueThe proposed method can easily realise by computer and be more suitable to automatic dimensioning and establishment of dimension model of parts.
Dynamic response analysis on vibration of ground and track system induced by metro operation
Authors: Ding Zhi , Li Danwei 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the dynamic response of surrounding foundation and study the vibration characteristics of track system.Design/methodology/approachA double-line underground coupling analysis model was established, which included two moving train, track, liner and the ground field.FindingsBased on the 2.5D (D is diameter) finite element analysis, the influence of the important factors such as the depth of the subway tunnel, the nature of the foundation soil, the relative position relation of the double tunnel, the subway driving speed on the foundation and the orbital vibration are analyzed in this article.Originality/valueThe results in paper may have reference value for the prediction of train induced vibrations and for the research of dynamic response of ground field.
Mission K-54: turning around the US$3bn Indian auto major – Ashok Leyland
Authors: Cr Rajan , T.N. Swaminathan , Ganduri Uma Rao 
Published: May 2019

Learning outcomes
Learning outcomes are eliminating usual options for a turnaround, understanding how organizations can respond to adverse industry /market changes through cost and productivity management, managing strategic cost control turnaround deployed across a company, turning a huge threat into an opportunity and the role of leadership in driving strategic cost management and importance of internal communication and buy-in for a successful implementation.

Case overview/synopsis
Ashok Leyland Ltd. is the 2nd largest manufacturer of commercial vehicles in India, the 4th largest manufacturer of buses in the world and the 12th largest manufacturer of trucks globally. Vinod Dasari joined this company in 2005, and since 2011, he has been the MD and CEO of the company. This case is about restaging of this company that commenced in the year 2013 when the company was heading toward a loss for the very first time in its 65 plus years of history. Ashok Leyland was heaving under its own weight, saddled with overheads, grappling with intense competition from old and new players and struggling to become agile and meet the new challenges in the market. A potential loss of up to Rs 750 crores (US$123m) looked inevitable. The challenges were that major structural changes were required and the company needed not only a transformational change but also a surgery. The company had to come up with savings of Rs 750 crores (US$123m) annually to avoid making losses. The projection of 54,000 unit sales volumes be achieved. Internal communication and buying in by all employees. This case outlines the path chosen by Dasari to restage, turn around, overcome the challenges and deal with employee resistance.

Complexity academic level
This study is applicable for MBA programs in business strategy, strategic marketing, international marketing and BBA programs in business strategy, strategic marketing and international marketing.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Appreciative enquiry peer review improving quality of services
Authors: Burbach Frank R. , Amani Sarah K. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Mental health service improvement initiatives often involve the setting of targets and monitoring of performance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the application of appreciative enquiry (AE), a radically different but complementary approach to quality assurance and improvement, to specialist mental health services across a health region.

Design/methodology/approach
This case study describes a regional quality improvement (QI) project involving 12 early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services in South West England. In total, 40 people were trained in AE interviewing skills and in non-reciprocal peer review visits 59 interviews were conducted involving 103 interviewees including service users, carers, clinicians, managers and commissioners. Immediate verbal feedback was provided and main themes summarised in individual reports to host teams using the following headings: team values, strengths, dreams and development plans. A thematic analysis was conducted on team reports and a project report produced which summarised the stages and results of this regional initiative.

Findings
All participants rated the experience as positive; it enhanced staff motivation and led to service development and improvement.

Research limitations/implications
The experiences of these 12 EIP teams may not necessarily be generalisable to other services/regions but this positive approach to service improvement could be widely applied.

Practical implications
AE is applicable in large-scale QI initiatives.

Originality/value
To the authors knowledge this is the first time that AE has been applied to large-scale mental health service improvement and innovation.
Experience-based co-design to improve a pulmonary rehabilitation programme
Authors: Williams Sharon , Turner Alice M. , Beadle Helen 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate patient perspectives on attending pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). This qualitative case study identifies the benefits and challenges to attending PR and presents areas of improvements as recommended by patients.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative case study of a UK case study based on a PR programme based on undertaking focus groups (n=3) and interviews (n=15) with current and former patients.

Findings
The findings report patient perspectives of the challenges and benefits of attending a PR programme along with recommendations on how the service could be improved.

Research limitations/implications
The authors focussed solely on a UK PR programme, so the findings might not be applicable to other countries if PR is organised and provided in a unique way or setting.

Practical implications
This paper provides valuable insights to patient perspectives offrom patients attending PR programmes, which are useful to those running and designing these services.

Originality/value
The findings identify the benefits and challenges for patients attending PR programmes and suggest areas where improvements can be made.
An exploration of how domains of quality of care relate to overall care experience
Authors: Shepherd Ashley Jill , Cowie Julie , Beattie Michelle 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the relative influence of the different domains of healthcare quality from the Care Experience Feedback Improvement Tool (CEFIT) and identify key predictors of healthcare quality from the patients’ perspective. Measurement is necessary to determine whether the quality of healthcare is improving. The CEFIT was developed as a brief measure of patient experience. It is important to determine the relative influence of the different domains of healthcare quality to further clarify how the CEFIT can be used and identify key predictors of healthcare quality from the patients’ perspective.Design/methodology/approachIn sum, 802 people with a healthcare experience during the previous 12 months were telephoned to complete the CEFIT questions and an additional 11-point global rating of patient experience. To estimate the influence of different domains of healthcare quality on patient overall ratings of quality of healthcare experience, the authors regressed the overall rating of patient experience with each component of quality (safety, effectiveness, timely, caring, enables system navigation and person-centred).FindingsThe authors found that all of the domains of the CEFIT influenced patient experience ratings of healthcare quality. Specifically, results show the degree of influence, the impact of demographics and how high scores for overall rating of patient experience can be predicted.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that all of the CEFIT domains are important in terms of capturing the wholeness of the patient experience of healthcare quality to direct local quality improvement.
Reworks causes and related costs in construction: case of Parand mass housing project in Iran
Authors: Balouchi Mohammad , Gholhaki Majid , Niousha Ali 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the main reworks and their causes in a case study of the ongoing mass housing project in Iran. Using the real data captured from the project, the most important causes for reworks have been computed and prioritized.

Design/methodology/approach
More than 900 non-conformance forms filled in the construction site have been used to categorize reworks. Then, the frequency and cost of each rework group in the project have been estimated. Finally, using these data, the primary classification and sorting of the main causes of reworks have been specified.

Findings
Results show “Poor site supervision and inspection” with 24 percent of costs had the most impact and “unclear project management process” with about 6 percent of costs had the least impact on the formation of non-conformances. “Cost of each incidence” (COI) ranged from 0.67 for “The need to categorize the complicated operations” to 1.86 for “Unclear project management process.”

Research limitations/implications
The causes of rework which are not in contractor’s hand (like change orders from the client) have not been considered in this study.

Originality/value
Although some works have been done in rework causes, the key elements and causes of reworks in mass housing projects in developing countries have not been yet fully specified through the real data. Knowing the root causes of reworks can help project managers to remove them and reduce reworks costs in future projects. COI which is defined here for the first time and computed in a relative concept could be a good criterion to compare rework causes between two or more similar projects.
Informal learning for sustainability in higher education institutions
Authors: Gramatakos Anastasia Luise , Lavau Stephanie 
Published: May 2019

PurposeMany higher education institutions are committed to developing students as skilled professionals and responsible citizens for a more sustainable future. In addition to the formal curriculum for sustainability education, there is an increasing interest in informal learning within universities. This paper aims to extend the current understanding of the diversity and significance of informal learning experiences in supporting students’ learning for sustainability.Design/methodology/approachSix focus groups were formed with 30 undergraduate and postgraduate students from an Australian higher education institution committed to supporting graduate competencies for sustainability. An inductive and qualitative inquiry was designed to enable participants to reflect on the ways in which their university experiences support meaningful and significant learning for sustainability.FindingsThe paper presents a typology of the diverse communities of informal learning that students create and engage with. These range from ongoing to transient groups, from environmentally to more socially oriented groups and from incidental to intended learning, from local to national in scale, with varying types and degrees of connection to the formal curriculum and the university campus. The paper demonstrates that these student-led experiences support three domains of learning: cognitive, practical and affective.Originality/valueDeepening the understanding of the forms and significance of student-led learning within their university experience contributes to the identification of the roles that informal learning may play alongside formal education in developing graduates as agents of change for a more sustainable future.