bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The IgG2 Isotype of Anti–Transcription Intermediary Factor 1γ Autoantibodies Is a Biomarker of Cancer and Mortality in Adult Dermatomyositis
Authors: Aussy Audrey , Fréret Manuel , Gallay Laure , Bessis Didier , Vincent Thierry , Jullien Denis , Drouot Laurent , Jouen Fabienne , Joly Pascal , Marie Isabelle , Meyer Alain , Sibilia Jean , Bader‐Meunier Brigitte , Hachulla Eric , Hamidou Mohammed , Huë Sophie , Charuel Jean‐Luc , Fabien Nicole , Viailly Pierre‐Julien , Allenbach Yves , Benveniste Olivier , Cordel Nadège , Boyer Olivier ,   the OncoMyositis Study Group
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveAnti–transcription intermediary factor 1γ (anti‐TIF1γ) antibodies are the main predictors of cancer in dermatomyositis (DM). Yet, a substantial proportion of anti‐TIF1γ–positive DM patients do not develop cancer. This study was undertaken to identify biomarkers to better evaluate the risk of cancer and mortality in DM.MethodsThis multicenter study was conducted in adult anti‐TIF1γ–positive DM patients from August 2013 to August 2017. Anti‐TIF1γ autoantibody levels and IgG subclasses were identified using a newly developed quantitative immunoassay. Age, sex, DM signs and activity, malignancy, and creatine kinase (CK) level were recorded. Risk factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis according to a Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsAmong the 51 adult patients enrolled (mean ± SD age 61 ± 17 years; ratio of men to women 0.65), 40 (78%) had cancer and 21 (41%) died, with a mean ± SD survival time of 10 ± 6 months. Detection of anti‐TIF1γ IgG2 was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.0011) and occurrence of cancer during follow‐up (P < 0.0001), with a 100% positive predictive value for cancer when the mean fluorescence intensity of anti‐TIF1γ IgG2 was >385. None of the patients developed cancer after 24 months of follow‐up. Univariate survival analyses showed that mortality was also associated with age >60 years (P = 0.0003), active DM (P = 0.0042), cancer (P = 0.0031), male sex (P = 0.011), and CK level >1,084 units/liter (P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed that age >60 years (P = 0.015) and the presence of anti‐TIF1γ IgG2 (P = 0.048) were independently associated with mortality.ConclusionOur findings indicate that anti‐TIF1γ IgG2 is a potential new biomarker of cancer that should be helpful in identifying the risk of mortality in anti‐TIF1γ–positive DM patients.
Assessing a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Baker Emma K. , Richdale Amanda L. , Hazi Agnes , Prendergast Luke A. 
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep, psychopathology (anxiety, depression and presleep arousal) symptoms, and cortisol in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample composed of 29 adults with ASD (51.7% males) and 29 control adults (51.7% males) aged 21–44 years. Thirteen adults with ASD were medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression (ASD‐Med), while the remaining 16 adults with ASD were not medicated for such diagnoses (ASD‐Only). Participants completed a questionnaire battery, 14‐day sleep/wake diary and 14‐day actigraphy assessment. On one day during the data collection period, participants collected five saliva samples, hourly, prior to sleep and two morning samples; immediately upon waking and 30 min thereafter for the analysis of cortisol. Cortisol 1 hr prior to habitual sleep onset time was associated with poorer sleep efficiency in both ASD groups and increased wake after sleep onset duration (ASD‐Only). Higher subjective somatic arousal was also associated with increased sleep onset latency, regardless of group, and poorer sleep efficiency in the ASD‐Only group. ASD‐Only participants had significantly greater reductions in evening cortisol concentrations compared to both ASD‐Med and control participants. No significant group differences were found for the cortisol awakening response. Findings suggest a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with ASD. Moreover, the low cortisol levels observed in ASD‐Only adults suggest dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Longitudinal studies exploring the interplay between insomnia, anxiety and HPA axis regulation across the lifespan in those with ASD are warranted. Autism Res 2019, 12: 897–910. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryBoth objective (cortisol) and subjective (somatic) physiological arousal were associated with poor sleep quality in adults on the autism spectrum. Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who were not medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression also had dampened cortisol secretion, suggesting a dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between sleep, psychopathology symptoms and physiological arousal in autistic individuals are warranted. Autism Res 2019. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PEGylated PAMAM dendrimers loading oxaliplatin with prolonged release and high payload without burst effect
Authors: Ho Minh Nhat , Bach Long Giang , Nguyen Dai Hai , Nguyen Cong Hao , Nguyen Cuu Khoa , Tran Ngoc Quyen , Nguyen Ngoc Vinh , Hoang Thi Thai Thanh 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOxaliplatin (OXA) was coupled to PEGylated polyamidoamine dendrimers of fourth generation (G4‐PEG@OXA) in the comparison to PEGylated ones of odd generation (G3.5‐PEG@OXA). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy were used to confirm the successful incorporation of OXA as well as the synthesis of carrier systems. Both two types of carrier systems exhibited in sphere nanoparticle shape with size of less than 100 nm that was in the range being able to cause toxicity on cancer cells. The average drug loading efficiency (DLE) of G4‐PEG@OXA was obtained at 84.63% that was higher than DLE of G3.5‐PEG of 75.69%. The release kinetic of G4‐PEG@OXA and G3.5‐PEG@OXA did not show any burst release phenomenon while free OXA was released over 40% at the first hour. The sustainable release of OXA was achieved when it was encapsulated in these carriers, but the G4 generation liberated OXA (3.4%‐6.4%) slower than G3.5 one (11.9%‐22.8%). The in vitro cytotoxicities of G4‐PEG@OXA were evaluated in HeLa cell lines using resazurin assay and live/dead staining test. Although the free OXA showed a rather moderate killing ability, the G4‐PEG@OXA still displayed the low viability of HeLa that was better to the result of G3.5‐PEG@OXA due to released OXA amount. The benefit of this system was to overcome the burst release phenomenon to minimize OXA toxicity without compromising its efficiency.
Silver‐based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy devices for detection of organophosphorus pesticides traces
Authors: Dias Soares Juliana M. , de Oliveira Helinando P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe detection of traces of substances by surface‐sensitive techniques such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) explores the interaction of adsorbed molecules on plasmonic surfaces to improve the limit of detection of analytes. This article is an overview about recent development in SERS substrates applied in the detection of organophosphorus pesticides on plasmonic surfaces (arrays of metal nanoparticles). The morphology, roughness, chemical functionalization degree, and aggregation level of plasmonic centers are some of the critical parameters to be controlled in the optimization of SERS signal from specific analytes.
Hormonal therapy in uterine sarcomas
Authors: Zang Yuqin , Dong Mengting , Zhang Kai , Gao Chao , Guo Fei , Wang Yingmei , Xue Fengxia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUterine sarcomas (USs) are a group of rare but aggressive uterine malignancies, accounting for only 1% of the malignant tumors of female reproductive organs. Due to the high rate of recurrence and metastasis, the prognosis of USs is poor. Given the high mortality rate and limited clinical benefit of surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, hormonal therapy has shown good prospects in recent years. Hormonal agents include progestins, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogue (GnRH‐a). According to the literature, hormonal therapy has been confirmed effective for recurrent, metastatic or unresectable low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) and hormone receptor positive (ER+/PR+) uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) with favorable tolerance and compliance. Besides, hormonal therapy can also be used in patients with early‐staged disease who desire to preserve fertility. However, due to the rarity of USs, the rationale of hormonal therapy is generally extrapolated from data of hormone‐sensitive breast cancer, and present studies of hormonal therapy in USs were almost limited to case reports and small‐sized retrospective studies. Therefore, further systematic researches and standardized clinical trials are needed to establish the optimal hormonal therapy regimen of USs. Herein, we reviewed the existing studies related to the hormonal therapy in USs in order to provide reference for clinical management in specific settings.
The prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated with 5‐azacytidine: Results from the Hellenic 5‐azacytidine registry
Authors: Diamantopoulos Panagiotis , Koumbi Dafni , Kotsianidis Ioannis , Pappa Vasiliki , Symeonidis Argiris , Galanopoulos Athanasios , Zikos Panagiotis , Papadaki Helen A. , Panayiotidis Panayiotis , Dimou Maria , Hatzimichael Eleftheria , Vassilopoulos George , Delimpasis Susan , Mparmparousi Despoina , Papageorgiou Sotirios , Variami Eleni , Kyrtsonis Marie‐Christine , Megalakaki Aekaterini , Kotsopoulou Maria , Repousis Panagiotis , Adamopoulos Ioannis , Kontopidou Flora , Christoulas Dimitrios , Kourakli Alexandra , Tsokanas Dimitrios , Konstantinos Papoutselis Menelaos , Kyriakakis Georgios , Viniou Nora‐Athina ,   the Hellenic MDS study group
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities has not yet been fully elucidated, except for isochromosome 17q that has been characterized as an intermediate risk abnormality in the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS‐R). To further characterize the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities we analyzed the hematologic and prognostic characteristics of 548 adult patients with MDS treated with 5‐azacytidine through the Hellenic 5‐azacytidine registry and found 32 patients with a chromosome 17 abnormality (6 with i[17q], 15 with ‐17, 3 with add[17p] and the rest with other rarer abnormalities, mostly translocations). The presence of a chromosome 17 abnormality was correlated with poor prognostic features (high IPSS, IPSS‐R, and WPSS scores) and a low overall survival rate (15.7 vs 36.4 months for patients without chromosome 17 abnormalities, Kaplan–Meier, Log Rank P < 0.00001), but these results were confounded by the fact that most (92.3%) of the cases with a chromosome 17 abnormality (with the exception of i(17q) that was found in all cases as an isolated abnormality) were found in the context of a complex karyotype. Nevertheless, one should not ignore the contribution of chromosome 17 abnormalities to the prognostic significance of a complex karyotype since 33.8% of complex karyotypes encompassed a chromosome 17 abnormality.
Epoxide‐Mediated Stevens Rearrangements of α‐Amino‐Acid‐Derived Tertiary Allylic, Propargylic, and Benzylic Amines: Convenient Access to Polysubstituted Morpholin‐2‐ones
Authors: Jin You‐Xiang , Yu Bang‐Kui , Qin Si‐Ping , Tian Shi‐Kai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA new strategy has been established for the synthesis of polysubstituted morpholin‐2‐ones through Stevens rearrangements of tertiary amines via in situ activation with epoxides. A range of α‐amino acid‐derived tertiary allylic, propargylic, and benzylic amines reacted with epoxides in the presence of zinc halide catalysts to afford structurally diverse allyl‐, allenyl‐, and benzyl‐substituted morpholin‐2‐ones, respectively, in moderate‐to‐good yields with high regioselectivity. The process involves [2,3]‐ and [1,2]‐Stevens rearrangements of quaternary ammonium ylide intermediates and constitutes a very convenient method to prepare polysubstituted morpholin‐2‐ones through tandem formation of C−N, C−O, and C−C bonds. Moreover, replacing epoxides with aziridines permitted the synthesis of polysubstituted piperazin‐2‐ones.
Linderazulen aus einer invasiven Pflanze
Authors: Keltsch Nils , Munzert Viola , Zeller Klaus‐Peter , Siehl Hans‐Ullrich , Berger Stefan , Sicker Dieter 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungLinderazulen, ein kristallines Azulenderivat, sieht wegen des annelierten Furanrings violett aus und nicht blau wie viele andere Azulene. Linderazulen kommt in der Natur in Hornkorallen vor. Einige Pflanzen bilden farblose sesquiterpenoide Vorstufen des Linderazulens. Ihr Abbau kann zu Linderazulen als Aromat führen, z. B. bei einer Wasserdampfdestillation. Die chromatografische Isolierung von Linderazulen in winziger Menge aus dem durch Wasserdampfdestillation erhaltenen ätherischen Öl von Samen der Stängelumfassenden Gelbdolde wird beschrieben. Dieser attraktive Doldenblütler ist eine invasive Pflanze. Der gesamte Spektrensatz von Linderazulen wird beschrieben und interpretiert. Dieser 30. Beitrag beendet die Reihe zur Isolierung und Spektroskopie von Naturstoffen. Er basiert auf einer Vertiefungsarbeit und ergänzt die Kapitel des Buchs “Classics in Spectroscopy” von S. Berger und D. Sicker (Wiley‐VCH 2009).
Isomeric Carborane Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
Authors: Goswami Lalit N. , Olds Tyson J. , Monk Terri G. , Johnson Quinn L. , Dilger James P. , Shanawaz Mohammed A. , Jalisatgi Satish S. , Hawthorne M. Frederick , Kracke George R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe synthesized a family of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMB) based on decamethonium, but containing a carborane cluster in the methylene chain between the two quaternary ammonium groups. The carborane cluster isomers o‐NMB, m‐NMB, and p‐NMB were tested in animals for neuromuscular block and compared with agents used clinically: rocuronium and decamethonium. All three isomers caused reversible muscle weakness in mice as determined by grip strength and inverted screen tests, with a potency rank of p‐NMB > rocuronium > decamethonium > m‐NMB > o‐NMB. The mechanism of action of the compounds was determined by using the in vitro rat phrenic nerve hemi‐diaphragm preparation and electrophysiologic measurements in cells. Neostigmine reversed hemi‐diaphragm weakness caused by the three isomers and rocuronium, but not succinylcholine. In electrophysiologic recordings of currents through acetylcholine receptor channels, the carborane compounds did not activate channel activity but did inhibit channel activation by acetylcholine. These results demonstrate that the carborane neuromuscular blocking agents are non‐depolarizers in contrast to the depolarizing action of the parent compound.
Dicyanodistyrylthiophene‐Based Emissive Chiral Photoswitches: Effect of the Position of the Cyano Group on Reversible Photoisomerization and Fatigue Resistance
Authors: Lin Siyang , Li Juntao , Krishna Bisoyi Hari , Juan Ao , Guo Jinbao , Li Quan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEmissive chiral molecular switches with reversible and tunable attributes are promising materials for both fundamental studies and device applications. In this study, we have developed two novel chiral fluorescent photoswitches bearing one dicyanodistyrylthiophene as the emissive scaffold and bridged binaphthyl moieties as chiral entities. The position of the cyano group in these photoswitches 1 and 2 is varied and its effect on the photochemical properties of the light‐driven chiral molecular switches is investigated. Experimental and molecular simulation studies indicate that both of these two regio‐isomeric dicyanodistyrylthiophene photoswitches initially exist in (Z,Z) configuration and exhibit partial reversible Z/E photoisomerization and variation of fluorescence intensity upon blue and UV light irradiations in solution as well as in a room‐temperature liquid‐crystal (LC) matrix. The helical twisting power (HTP) values of the switches in inducing cholesteric LCs (Ch−LCs) depend on the position of the cyano group, being higher for switch 1 than switch 2. However, the switch 2 doped Ch−LC system shows a better photoresponsive behavior and pronounced fatigue resistance, while the Ch−LC system fabricated using switch 1 undergoes a considerable degradation in performance after several switching cycles, which might be due to photodissociation of switch 1 with the cyano group close to the thiophene ring upon light irradiation. Finally, simultaneous phototuning of both the reflection band and fluorescence intensity in a Ch−LC sample doped with 14.0 wt % switch 2 is demonstrated. These results provide a route for designing chiral fluorescent photoswitches with reversible photoisomerization characteristics.
Rational Design of a Composite Electrode to Realize a High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Battery
Authors: Kim KyungSu , Park Jesik , Jeong Goojin , Yu Ji‐Sang , Kim Yong‐Chan , Park Min‐Sik , Cho Woosuk , Kanno Ryoji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA potential solid electrolyte for realizing all‐solid‐state battery (ASB) technology has been discovered in the form of Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS), a lithium superionic conductor with a high ionic conductivity (≈12 mS cm−1). Unfortunately, the achievable Li+ conductivity of LGPS is limited in a sheet‐type composite electrode owing to the porosity of this electrode structure. For the practical implementation of LGPS, it is crucial to control the pore structures of the composite electrode, as well as the interfaces between the active materials and solid‐ electrolyte particles. Herein, the addition of an ionic liquid, N‐methyl‐N‐butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Py14][TFSI]), is proposed as a pore filler for constructing a highly reliable electrode structure using LGPS. [Py14][TFSI] is coated onto the surface of LGPS powder through a wet process and a sheet‐type composite electrode is prepared using a conventional casting procedure. The [Py14][TFSI]‐embedded composite electrode exhibits significantly improved reversible capacity and power characteristics. It is suggested that pore‐filling with [Py14][TFSI] is effective for increasing contact areas and building robust interfaces between the active materials and solid‐electrolyte particles, leading to the generation of additional Li+ pathways in the composite electrode of ASBs.
Expandable interleaved high voltage gain boost DC‐DC converter with low switching stress
Authors: Saadatizadeh Zahra , Chavoshipour Heris Pedram , Babaei Ebrahim , Sadikoglu Fahreddin 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn this paper, an interleaved DC‐DC step‐up boost converter with high voltage conversion ratio and low voltage stresses on switches and diodes is proposed. The proposed converter has low average current passing through the diodes and switches and low input current ripple as a feature of interleaved converters. The voltage gain of the proposed converter can be increased by adding more diode‐capacitor modules; therefore, the proposed converter has expandable structure. In addition, by implementing more diode‐capacitor modules, the switching stresses would be more decreased. Also, to evaluate the performance of the proposed converter, it is compared with other similar presented circuits in the literature. The proposed converter is not only able to provide higher voltage gain but also has lower voltage stresses on switches and diodes. Consequently, switches and diodes with low voltage ratings can be selected. Theoretical analysis is provided in this study for each operation mode and the average current through the switches, diodes and inductors, voltage stresses on switches and diodes, voltage gain, and input current ripple are calculated. Finally, to demonstrate the accuracy performance of the proposed converter, a 450‐W prototype is implemented practically.
Using deep learning to combine static and dynamic power analyses of cryptographic circuits
Authors: Xu Jiming , Heys Howard M. 
Published: March 2019

SummarySide‐channel attacks have shown to be efficient tools in breaking cryptographic hardware. Many conventional algorithms have been proposed to perform side‐channel attacks exploiting the dynamic power leakage. In recent years, with the development of processing technology, static power has emerged as a new potential source for side‐channel leakage. Both types of power leakage have their advantages and disadvantages. In this work, we propose to use the deep neural network technique to combine the benefits of both static and dynamic power. This approach replaces the classifier in template attacks with our proposed long short‐term memory network schemes. Hence, instead of deriving a specific probability density model for one particular type of power leakage, we gain the ability of combining different leakage sources using a structural algorithm. In this paper, we propose three schemes to combine the static and dynamic power leakage. The performance of these schemes is compared using simulated test circuits designed with a 45‐nm library.
A Framework for Assessing Scientific Merit in Ethical Review of Clinical Research
Authors: Binik Ariella , Hey Spencer Phillips 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTEthics guidelines and commentary suggest that a central function of research ethics committees is to assess the scientific merit of the protocols they review. However, some commentators object to this role, and evidence suggests that the assessment of scientific merit is a significant source of confusion and animosity between ethics committees and clinical investigators. In this essay, we argue that ethics committees should assess the scientific value and validity of research protocols and that new decision‐making tools are needed to help them do so in a systematic, transparent, and reliable way. We present a novel ethical framework that can assist in this task.
Anticipatory Waivers of Consent for Pediatric Biobanking
Authors: Hartsock Jane A. , Schwartz Peter H. , Waltz Amy C. , Ott Mary A. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAs pediatric biobank research grows, additional guidance will be needed about whether researchers should always obtain consent from participants when they reach the legal age of majority. Biobanks struggle with a range of practical and ethical issues related to this question. We propose a framework for the use of anticipatory waivers of consent that is empirically rooted in research that shows that children and adolescents are often developmentally capable of meaningful deliberation about the risks and benefits of participation in research. Accordingly, bright‐line legal concepts of majority or competency do not accurately capture the emerging capacity for autonomous decision‐making of many pediatric research participants and unnecessarily complicate the issues about contacting participants at the age of majority to obtain consent for the continued or first use of their biospecimens that were obtained during childhood. We believe the proposed framework provides an ethically sound balance between the concern for potential exploitation of vulnerable populations, the impetus for the federal regulations governing research with children, and the need to conduct valuable research in the age of genomic medicine.