bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA004: Early cancer dissemination: Circulating tumor cells in ductal carcinoma in situ patients
Authors: Nagrath Sunitha , Nagpal Neha , Rupp Brittany , Hong Yan , Behbod Fariba , Wicha Max 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Raised awareness about the importance of early breast cancer diagnostics has led to an increased detection rate of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) through mammographic screening. DCIS, often termed as 'Stage 0' carcinoma, is characterized by neoplastic cells confined within the basement membrane. Despite the significant treatment efforts for most DCIS patients, the 20-year breast cancer mortality rate post-diagnosis, with or without treatment, remains at 3.3%. To deepen the understanding of breast cancer oncogenesis, recent studies have highlighted the clonal diversity within the DCIS tumor microenvironment and the presence of disseminated tumor cells in DCIS patients. Nonetheless, significant gaps persist in identifying diagnostic characteristics that predict which DCIS patients are more likely to experience progression or recurrence. Ultimately, this project aims to enhance DCIS patient stratification through the high-throughput isolation and analysis of circulating biomarkers. In this study, we establish a novel workflow that addresses the limitations of traditional tissue-based diagnostics by transitioning to liquid biopsies. This research not only builds upon emerging evidence of early breast cancer cell dissemination during carcinogenesis but also explores the utility of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers in DCIS. The use of the labyrinth, a high-throughput inertial microfluidic device, has shown success in isolating CTCs based on their larger size relative to white blood cells. Unlike antigen- based isolation methods, inertial microfluidic devices can capture heterogeneous CTCs with varying surface proteins. Leveraging this technology, we successfully isolated and identified CTCs in DCIS patients. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing of the isolated DCIS CTCs allowed us to identify prognostically significant signatures. Overall, our study presents a workflow capable of identifying characteristics associated with a greater risk of progression, thus contributing valuable insights into the stratification and management of DCIS patients.
Citation Format: Sunitha Nagrath, Neha Nagpal, Brittany Rupp, Yan Hong, Fariba Behbod, Max Wicha. Early cancer dissemination: Circulating tumor cells in ductal carcinoma in situ patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr IA004.
Abstract IA021: Plasma-only ultrasensitive liquid biopsy to monitor tumor burden and clonal evolution
Authors: Widman Adam , Cheng Alexandre P. , Zinno John , Rajagopalan Srinivas , Saxena Ashish , Altorki Nasser , Landau Dan A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Individual bulk tumor biopsies are invasive and may fail to capture clonal heterogeneity within primary tumors and metastatic sites of disease. Further, analyses of subclonal variants are often hindered by background error rates related to tissue preservation methods (e.g. FFPE) and sequencing artifact. Use of plasma-only ultrasensitive liquid biopsy approaches may allow for noninvasive inference of clonality and dynamically track changes in tumor burden. We previously developed MRD-EDGE, a tumor-informed machine learning classifier for ultrasensitive liquid biopsy monitoring of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) using standard plasma whole genome sequencing. For SNVs, MRD- EDGE uses a novel machine learning framework to classify individual cell free DNA (cfDNA) fragments as circulating tumor DNA or cfDNA sequencing artifact. We demonstrated the potential of plasma-only MRD-EDGE to identify SNVs in advanced melanoma and monitor tumor burden throughout treatment with immune checkpoint inhibiton. In tumor-informed settings, MRD-EDGE was used to identify minimal residual disease at tumor fractions (TFs) of 1:100,000 and below. Accurate SNV classification is a function of classifier performance and background error rate. To reduce error rates, we combined MRD-EDGE SNV with paired plus- minus sequencing (ppmSeq) from Ultima Genomics. ppmSeq is a PCR-free approach that leverages the hydrogen bonds of complementary DNA to carry matched native strands directly into sequencing, enabling scalable duplex sequencing. Use of MRD-EDGE SNV together with ppmSeq enables ultrasensitive tracking of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer throughout neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Plasma-only MRD-EDGE is therefore poised to enable dynamic monitoring of tumor burden and clonal composition outside the scope of tumor-informed approaches, including the comparison of SNV composition in cancer recurrence with preoperative disease.
Citation Format: Adam Widman, Alexandre P. Cheng, John Zinno, Srinivas Rajagopalan, Ashish Saxena, Nasser Altorki, Dan A. Landau. Plasma-only ultrasensitive liquid biopsy to monitor tumor burden and clonal evolution [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr IA021.
Abstract IA024: Validation of liquid biopsy approaches for the care of children with cancer
Authors: Crompton Brian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pediatric cancers are driven by a unique set of mutations, destinct from the variants that typically drive adult cancers. Therefore, widely available liquid biopsy assays are often not relevant for detection, quantificaiton, or profiling of circulating tumor DNA in childhood cancer. Custom liquid biopsy approaches have been developed by the Crompton lab and others and these assays demonstrate that ctDNA levels provide valuable prognostic information and can guide some therapeutic choices in pediatrics. Implementation of liquid biopsies into national phase 3 trials for children with cancer will require translation of these approaches into a clinical molecular laboratory environment.
Citation Format: Brian Crompton. Validation of liquid biopsy approaches for the care of children with cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr IA024.
Abstract IA026: Methods for tumor subtype classification using cell-free DNA
Authors: Ha Gavin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurately diagnosing the tumor histological subtype is crucial for clinical care. Changes in subtype can emerge during treatment resistance. However, obtaining a biopsy to determine the tumor histology presents challenges for patients with advanced cancers. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a non-invasive 'liquid biopsy' solution that overcomes this limitation of tissue accessibility. Current ctDNA approaches primarily focuses on detecting genetic mutations, but these alterations alone may not fully delineate tumor histological subtypes or explain treatment resistance. Recent advancements highlight the value of epigenetic information obtained from profiling nucleosome positioning and accessibility in ctDNA. I will discuss how we applied these concepts to develop computational methods for predicting transcriptional activity and classifying tumor subtypes and phenotypes in breast, prostate, and lung cancers. These tools have applications in monitoring treatment-induced phenotype changes and expand on the utility of ctDNA for precision oncology.
Citation Format: Gavin Ha. Methods for tumor subtype classification using cell-free DNA [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr IA026.
Abstract 4135497: Model-informed dosing recommendations for digoxin in interstage single ventricle heart disease
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth , Gonzalez Ramirez Rodrigo , Kumar Karan , Allen Kiona , Benscoter Alexis , Hornik Chi , Del Grippo Erica , Anderson Brett , KHAN DANYAL , Suttner Denise , Costello John , Eghtesady Pirooz , Halnon Nancy , Hornik Christoph 
Published: November 2024

Digoxin is commonly used in infants with single ventricle heart disease (SVD) and may decrease mortality in the interstage period. While labeled for the treatment of heart failure in infants, dosing recommendations do not account for alterations in drug disposition in SVD. We aimed to characterize digoxin pharmacokinetics (PK) in interstage infants with SVD.
Infants <3 months with SVD who received enteral digoxin per standard of care after stage 1 and prior to stage 2 palliation were included in this prospective, multicenter, open-label PK study. Preterm infants and those with creatinine >2mg/dL or on extracorporeal support at enrollment were excluded. PK samples were prospectively collected and digoxin plasma concentrations quantitated by HPLC/MS/MS assay validated per FDA guidance. Population PK analysis was performed in NONMEM. Effects of covariates on PK parameters were evaluated. Dosing simulations were conducted in a virtual cohort of infants with SVD that optimized dosing to achieve trough concentrations of 0.5-2 ng/mL, the label-endorsed reference range for heart failure.

Across 10 sites, 50 infants contributed 207 PK samples.
Table 1
shows cohort characteristics. A 2-compartment model with transit compartment absorption and linear elimination best described the data. Renal function and weight were significant covariates. Infants with SVD had lower apparent clearance than previously reported in infants without SVD. Current labeled dosing resulted in simulated exposures above the reference range (
Figure 1
). A new dosing regimen for infants with SVD is proposed.

Digoxin PK is altered in infants with SVD. Dosing should account for renal function, age, and weight.
Abstract 4136822: Implementation of a Community-Engaged Amputation Prevention Intervention in Rural Appalachia
Authors: Minc Samantha , Wright Lauren , O'Dell Jordyn , Beimel Christiana , Rothenberg Paul , Hopkins Rosalie , Smith Gordon , Armstrong David , Misra Ranjita , Peek Monica , ZimmermanOwen Pamela , Dino Geri 
Published: November 2024

Amputation is a devastating complication of diabetes and peripheral artery disease and a marker for health inequity. Implementation Science (IS) and Community Engaged-Research (CenR) allow for real-world adaptation of evidence-based interventions and provide critical frameworks for reproducibility and sustainability. However, few amputation interventions use these approaches. We describe the feasibility and acceptability of an IS and CEnR driven amputation intervention in a high-risk rural community.
A Pre-Post mixed methods design was used (Fig 1). Intervention components were mapped to the Social-Ecological Model (Fig 2) and guided by the CFIR. Community and Project Advisory Boards collaborated on needs assessment, mobilizing resources, intervention adaptation, data review and dissemination. A 3-component intervention was implemented in 2 clinics to improve local foot care. Components included diabetic foot exams (DFEs), a multidisciplinary limb preservation team, and a “hot-foot” hotline. Pre-implementation, a retrospective chart review was performed along with focus groups. DFE training was then conducted at each site. After training, a prospective chart review was performed with clinic check-ins for 12 months. Focus groups were held 6- and 12-months post-implementation. Concurrently, monthly multidisciplinary teleconferences were held, and a “hot-foot” phoneline connected providers to specialty nurses.
At baseline, 155/224 (69.2%) patients received an annual DFE, 17% had all four exam components, 15.6% had foot abnormalities identified and 3.6% were referred to specialists. At 12-months 212/268 (79.1%) patients received a DFE, 84.7% had all components, 54.9% had abnormalities and 20.1% were referred. All findings were statistically significant. Clinically there was a significant decrease in patients with foot wounds, infection, and foot-related hospitalization/ED visits. There were no changes in amputations. (Table 1) The virtual teleconference completed 12 sessions. The hotline was used once with clinicians reporting they did not need it.
We demonstrate successful, sustained implementation of an amputation prevention intervention in a high-risk rural community using IS and CEnR. This approach was crucial for overcoming barriers to intervention implementation in a resource poor environment. Additional research to assess patient experience, understand key components of the intervention and study scalability and clinical effectiveness is planned.
Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds and Blood Pressure in NHANES 2011 to 2018
Authors: McGraw Katlyn E. , Domingo-Relloso Arce , Riggs Daniel W. , Medgyesi Danielle N. , Neupane Raghavee , Stingone Jeanette A. , Sanchez Tiffany R. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Exposure to VOCs is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, including elevated blood pressure in susceptible populations. However, research in the general population, particularly among nonsmoking adults, is limited. We hypothesized that higher VOC exposure is associated with higher blood pressure and hypertension, among nonsmokers.

METHODS:
We included 4 cycles of data (2011–2018) of nonsmoking adults (n=4430) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Urinary VOC metabolites were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, adjusted for urine dilution, and log-transformed. We estimated mean differences in blood pressure using linear models and prevalence ratio of stage 2 hypertension using modified Poisson models with robust standard errors. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle.

RESULTS:
Participants were 54% female, with a median age of 48 years, 32.3% had hypertension, and 7.9% had diabetes. The mean differences (95% CI) in systolic blood pressure were 1.61 (0.07–3.15) and 2.46 (1.01–3.92) mm Hg when comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of urinary acrolein (N-acetyl-S-[2-carboxyethyl]-L-cysteine) and 1,3-butadiene (N-acetyl-S-[3,4-dihydroxybutyl]-L-cysteine) metabolites. The prevalence ratios for hypertension were 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02–1.09) and 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01–1.09) when comparing the highest with lowest quartiles of urinary acrolein (N-acetyl-S-[2-carboxyethyl]-L-cysteine) and 1,3-butadiene (N-acetyl-S-[3,4-dihydroxybutyl]-L-cysteine), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to VOCs may be a relevant yet understudied environmental contributor to cardiovascular disease risk in the nonsmoking, US population.
Out of the Mouth of Babes … (Ps. 8:2)
Authors: Weinreich Matthias 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present paper investigates the role of children as mediators between the world of humans and the divine, as reflected in Zoroastrian Middle Persian texts. Taking the curious portrayal of the main protagonist of the Pahlavi “Story of Jōišt ī Friyān” as a starting point, it examines how the author of the tale accentuates his own educational message by attributing it to an underage boy. In this context the article attempts to contribute to the discussion on the place of visions in traditional Zoroastrian society and literature.
Progress and Regress in the Interpretation of the Concept of Essential Security Interests in International and Regional Courts
Authors: Al-Kuwari Jassim Salih 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores the concept of ‘essential security interests’ (esi) within the framework of international and regional law, specifically focusing on its historical evolution and current interpretations. The esi exception, which allows states to prioritize their security concerns over international obligations, has gained increased relevance since the turn of the millennium. This study provides a detailed analysis of how the International Court of Justice (icj) and the European Court of Justice (ecj) interpret esi clauses, highlighting the convergence and divergence between international and regional jurisprudence. By examining both self-judging and non-self-judging esi clauses, the article assesses their reviewability and the implications for legal consistency and state sovereignty. The analysis aims to clarify the practical application of esi exceptions and offer insights into potential areas for improvement in their judicial review.
Cotton-mycorrhizal symbiosis: a comprehensive review of benefits for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Santosh Savitha , Velmourougane Kulandaivelu , Verma Pooja , Santosh HB , Blaise Desouza 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fertilizers and plant protection chemicals have played crucial role in modern agriculture. However, their excessive and imbalanced use over decades has resulted in the degradation and deterioration of soil health. The sustainability of agricultural systems largely depends on improving soil health. In this context, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) association is a well-known interaction among plant microbial symbiotic associations that plays a multifunctional role in maintaining plant-soil health. More than 90% of terrestrial crop plants, including cultivated cotton, have a mutualistic symbiotic association with AMF. Symbiosis provides several benefits, such as the acquisition of mineral nutrients (primarily phosphorus), protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, and improved yield and fiber quality, contributing to the growth and development of the host plant. Under controlled conditions, the percent root length colonization of cotton was 50 to 70%, indicating the potential of AMF as a biological agent and plant growth promoter for sustainable cotton production. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of cotton-mycorrhizal symbiosis and its benefits.
Verification of Operational Forecast Models in Cases of Extratropical Transition of North Atlantic Hurricanes
Authors: Bower Erica , Reed Kevin A. , Alaka Ghassan J. , Hazelton Andrew T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Operational forecast models are necessary for the prediction of weather events in real time. Verification of these models must be performed to assess model skills and areas in need of improvement, particularly with different types of weather events that may occur. Despite the devastating impacts that can be caused by tropical cyclones (TCs) that undergo extratropical transition (ET) and become post-tropical cyclones (PTCs), these storms have not been extensively studied in the context of short-term weather prediction. This study completes the first analysis of the Global Forecast System (GFS) and a preoperational version of the newly operational Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) models in forecasting the occurrence of ET and the rainfall associated with ET storms in the North Atlantic basin. GFS’s skill exceeds that of HAFS in forecasting the occurrence of ET, but HAFS tends to have lower track and rain-rate errors in the fully tropical phase of ET storms’ life cycles. Both models simulate rain rates that are often too high near the storm center and fail to capture the larger area of moderate rain rates that greatly contributes to total rainfall accumulation. The discrepancies in rain rates between the models and Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) could be attributed to the models’ tendency to keep storms too intense and too compact with an overly strong warm core, even throughout the ET process.
Impact localization of CFRP laminate based on FBG sensing and GWO-BP neural network
Authors: Ding Guoping , Chen Yuxin 
Published: November 2024

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) structures are susceptible to external energy impact during service, resulting in invisible damage. Therefore, accurate localization of these impact sites is crucial for the maintenance and safety of CFRP structures. In this paper, the strain data of the impact response of the CFRP laminate is obtained by using the fiber grating (FBG) sensor, and the data are mapped to the impact location by BP neural network. However, the traditional BP neural network is susceptible to local minima and slow convergence speed. Therefore, Grey Wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) is introduced in this study to optimize the BP neural network, which improves the convergence speed and positioning accuracy of the model. The experimental results show that the GWO-BP neural network model has excellent performance in impact positioning, with the maximum positioning error of 17.01 mm and the average positioning error of 13.05 mm. Compared with other machine learning methods, it has higher accuracy and efficiency.
Traditional and Online Bullying Victimization Among School-going Adolescents: The Role of Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Suresh Sruthi , R Vijaya , Alfonso Thaddeus , Rajan Santhosh 
Published: November 2024

Background: Bullying in school is a vital issue as researchers increasingly find that it can be detrimental to students’ well-being and academic excellence. From an ecological systems theory perspective, examining school bullying reveals that numerous psychosocial factors influence student behavior. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of sociodemographics—at the individual (age, gender), microsystem and mesosystem (grade level, school type), exosystem (region), macrosystem (socioeconomic status), and chronosystem (shift from traditional to virtual classroom during COVID-19) levels—in the victimization of traditional and online bullying. Methods: After obtaining ethical clearance, an online survey form was deployed to collect sociodemographic information and assess traditional and online bullying victimization among 120 school-going adolescents from the Southern regions of India. Results: A linear regression analysis showed age and region (urban and rural) predicting traditional and online victimization, respectively. Other sociodemographic factors of gender, school type, and grade level did not predict either victimization type. Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors play a significant role in the victimization experiences of students both in traditional and online.