bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Respiratory Movements upon the Circulating Leukocytes
Authors: BIERMAN H. R. , KELLY K. H. , CORDES F. L. , PETRAKIS N. L. , KASS H. , SHPIL E. L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
1. The leukocyte content of venous and arterial blood of 17 subjects was studied repeatedly and frequently during respirations and the Valsalva and Muller maneuvers. The venous and arterial samples were drawn simultaneously and were obtained by direct puncture from freely-flowing peripheral veins or arteries or by catheterization from the right ventricle, pulmonary artery, hepatic vein, left ventricle or aorta.
2. During the Valsalva maneuver, the arterial leukocyte count decreased markedly with relatively little alteration in the simultaneous venous counts; upon release of the forced expiration both counts promptly regained the control level.
3. During the Muller maneuver, increases in both arterial and venous leukocyte counts occurred in one patient, while no significant effect was observed in venous samples in a second subject.
4. During inspiration the arterial leukocyte count fell and the simultaneous venous count rose with reciprocal changes upon expiration. These changes occurred whether the initial counts were elevated, normal or leukopenic.
5. The changes in leukocyte number of both arterial and venous blood during respiratory movements are not due to hemoconcentration or hemodilution and suggest a tidal ebb and flow of leukocytes into and from the pulmonary circulation of a significant degree.
Treatment of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria with ACTH
Authors: KALANT NORMAN , CYR DONAT P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A proven case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is reported in which the patient was treated with ACTH on three occasions. Following an initial failure, the second course of ACTH resulted in a dramatic deceleration of hemolysis which, however, lasted only a short time after the cessation of treatment. A third attempt was again of no avail in relieving the condition. Treatment with dicumarol coincided with a remission of the hemolysis which has lasted, so far, for five weeks.
The Clinical Use of Triethylene Melamine
Authors: KRAVITZ SHELDON C. , DIAMOND HENRY D. , CRAVER LLOYD F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Triethylene melamine (TEM), a nitrogen mustard-like compound, which can be administered orally and intravenously, has been found to be of considerable clinical use in the palliative treatment of the lymphomas and leukemias. This drug is indicated when a patient presents generalized disease and constitutional symptoms such as fever and pruritus. The incidence of nausea and vomiting following TEM administration is significantly less than that following HN2. The other toxic effects of the two agents are comparable. TEM may be used in conjunction with roentgen therapy. Patients may be maintained om small oral doses of TEM for long periods of time, but extreme caution must be exercised in the oral use of TEM since its tolerance varies considerably with each individual.
The Effect of Sublingual Administration of Crystalline Vitamin B12 in Tropical Sprue
Authors: SUÁREZ RAMÓN M. , SABATER JUAN , SUÁREZ RAMÓN M. , BUSO ROBERTO 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sublingual administration of crystalline vitamin B12 in daily doses of 25 µg for ten consecutive days failed to induce clinical or hematologic remissions in 5 patients with tropical sprue.
Activation of Plasminogen by Trypsin and Plasmin
Authors: KOCHOLATY WALTER , ELLIS WILLIAM W. , JENSEN H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Incubation of human or bovine plasminogen with trypsin or bovine plasmin resulted in the production of increased fibrinolytic activity, indicating that plasminogen is converted into plasmin under these conditions. Chymotrypsin under idential conditions was found not to possess this property.
Separation and Purification of Leukocytes and Platelets
Authors: TULLIS JAMES L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Methods and equipment for the separation of the formed elements of the blood are outlined and discussed. Selection of any given method should be predicated on the purposes for which the isolated cells are to be used. The technics vary from simple fractional sedimentation requiring no equipment (when viable cells are not necessary) to complex, refrigerated, centrifuge equipment when cells in their true state in nature are desired. An apparatus for the rapid separation of blood in a continuous, closed-system is described and discussed.
Case Report: The Detection of Malignant Melanoma by Bone Marrow Aspiration A Report of Two Cases
Authors: FRANKLIN JOHN W. , ZAVALA DONALD C. , RADCLIFFE C. E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We have presented 2 cases of disseminated malignant melanoma with bone marrow metastases which are, so far as we have been able to find, the ninth and tenth cases reported in the literature. In Case 1 the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained abundant dark pigment, whereas in Case 2 the pigment deposits were rare. A study of the morphology of the bone marrow smears reveals that the melanoma cell usually differs from other tumor cells by the presence of deposits of dark pigment in the cytoplasm. The amelanotic type would not be easily identifiable since it is without pigment. Caution is needed not to confuse the melanoma cell with the reticulo-endothelial cell. A study of other patients with malignant melanoma is now in progress.
Residual amounts of glycoprotein Ib concomitant with near-absence of glycoprotein IX in platelets of Bernard-Soulier patients
Authors: Drouin J , McGregor JL , Parmentier S , Izaguirre CA , Clemetson KJ 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A study of the Bernard-Soulier syndrome in two unrelated families using different polyclonal antibodies in a sensitive immunoblot assay showed residual amounts of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) lb in the eight homozygotes, as well as the near-absence of GPlb beta and GPIX. The eight heterozygotes studied showed a double band pattern for GPlb and about half the normal level of GPlb beta and GPIX. Therefore, we conclude that the Bernard-Soulier syndrome is heterogeneous and is probably not due to gene deletions.
Multiple bidirectional alterations of phenotype and changes in proliferative potential during the in vitro and in vivo passage of clonal mast cell populations derived from mouse peritoneal mast cells
Authors: Kanakura Y , Thompson H , Nakano T , Yamamura T , Asai H , Kitamura Y , Metcalfe DD , Galli SJ 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mouse peritoneal mast cells (PMC) express a connective tissue-type mast cell (CTMC) phenotype, including reactivity with the heparin-binding fluorescent dye berberine sulfate and incorporation of [35S] sulfate predominantly into heparin proteoglycans. When PMC purified to greater than 99% purity were cultured in methylcellulose with IL-3 and IL-4, approximately 25% of the PMC formed colonies, all of which contained both berberine sulfate-positive and berberine sulfate-negative mast cells. When these mast cells were transferred to suspension culture, they generated populations that were 100% berberine sulfate-negative, a characteristic similar to that of mucosal mast cells (MMC), and that synthesized predominantly chondroitin sulfate [35S] proteoglycans. When “MMC-like” cultured mast cells derived from WBB6F1-+/+ PMC were injected into the peritoneal cavities of mast cell-deficient WBB6F1- W/Wv mice, the adoptively transferred mast cell population became 100% berberine sulfate-positive. In methylcellulose culture, these “second generation PMC” formed clonal colonies containing both berberine sulfate-positive and berberine sulfate-negative cells, but exhibited significantly less proliferative ability than did normal +/+ PMC. Thus, clonal mast cell populations initially derived from single PMC exhibited multiple and bidirectional alterations between CTMC-like and MMC-like phenotypes. However, this process was associated with a progressive diminution of the mast cells' proliferative ability.
A monoclonal antibody to exfoliated surface vesicles that recognizes a membrane-associated erythroid burst-promoting activity
Authors: Dainiak N , Warren G , Sutter D , Kreczko S , Howard D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) recognizing a membrane-associated erythroid burst-promoting factor was prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with plasma membrane-derived vesicles exfoliated from lymphocytes under serum-free conditions. Hybrids secreting antibody reactive with lymphocyte plasma membranes were formally cloned and IgG was purified from monoclonal supernatants or from BALB/c mouse ascites fluid. Two clones (D3-E4 and D3-G9) were found to suppress burst forming unit- erythroid (BFU-E) proliferation when added directly to serum-free human marrow culture. Inhibition to a level of 100% was observed in a dose- dependent fashion over a wide range of antibody concentrations (0–200 micrograms/mL). Neither antibody altered the proliferation of colony forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) or colony forming unit- granulocyte-erythroid-monocyte-megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM) progenitor cells in human bone marrow culture. The D3-E4 clone was found to produce an IgG1 antibody which adsorbs an erythroid burst-promoting activity (BPA) from supernatants of, and octylglucoside extracts of shed vesicles present in, serum-free, lymphocyte conditioned medium (LCM), and which recognizes a vesicular protein of Mr approximate 30,000 on immunoblots of membrane proteins electrophoresed on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/polyacrylamide and transferred to nitrocellulose. In contrast, the D3-G9 clone was found to produce an IgG1 cytotoxic antibody. These antibodies will be important to the study of cell-cell and growth factor-cell interactions in vitro.
Microspectrophotometric Estimation of the Desoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Content of Individual Normal and Leukemic Human Lymphocytes
Authors: PETRAKIS NICHOLAS L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The DNA content, in arbitrary units, of individual circulating lymphocytes from nine normal subjects, nine patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and five patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia was estimated microspectrophotometrically with the Feulgen dye. Normal circulating lymphocytes were found to contain twice the average DNA content of normal human spermatids, corroborating their diploid chromosome number. Lymphocytes from normal and leukemic lymph node and bone marrow were frequently found possessing four times the average spermatid DNA value. Three out of nine patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and four of five patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia had significantly increased numbers of circulating lymphocytes containing DNA values which were elevated above the normal diploid value. The patients demonstrating cells with elevated DNA values were in a clinically exacerbated phase of their disease. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Blood Volume and Molybdenum Toxicity in Rabbits
Authors: BURKE JACK D. , ARRINGTON L. R. , DAVIS G. K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The blood volume of normal rabbits and rabbits anemic with molybdenum toxicity was determined using the dye and P32 methods. The blood volume per unit of body weight was found to be within the normal range indicating that rabbits were able to maintain normal blood volume even though anemic as a result of molybdenum toxicity.
Case Report: A Case of Erythremic Myelosis (Di Guglielmo)
Authors: BÁEZ-VILLASEÑOR JOSÉ , SÁNCHEZ-MEDAL LUIS 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A case of chronic erythremic myelosis (Di Guglielmo) is presented; the diagnosis was established by clinical, hematologic, and pathologic data. The peculiar characteristics of this particular case are discussed, as well as the differential diagnosis from hemolytic anemia and acute leukemia.
Researches on a Circulating Anticoagulant in a Hemophiliac
Authors: VAN CREVELD S. , HOORWEG P. G. , PAULSSEN M. M. P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The influence of the administration of ACTH and cortisone on a circulating anticoagulant appearing after repeated blood transfusions in a hemophiliac was studied. It was found that the activity of the anticoagulant was diminished to a considerable degree, even though temporarily, and the clotting time was reduced by plasma transfusions more than prior to the administration of ACTH and cortisone. Antibodies to the Duffy antigen were also present together with the circulating anticoagulant, but their activity was not clearly affected by the administration of ACTH and cortisone.
Studies on Abnormal Hemoglobins
Authors: SINGER KARL , FISHER BEN 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
1. A family is reported in which 2 children have unmistakable sickle cell anemia, but the mother’s red cells do not sickle; the father and a third child exhibit the typical sickle cell trait. Electrophoretic studies of the hemoglobin solution prepared from the mother’s erythrocytes demonstrated, however, the presence of a small amount (5 per cent) of type S hemoglobin. This abnormal component was identified by its mobility and by addition experiments.
2. The finding that the mother’s erythrocytes contain small quantities of S hemoglobin, but are incapable of sickling, confirms the genetic concept that sickle cell anemia will only develop when both parents transmit the gene for S hemoglobin.
3. The physico-chemical and possible medico-legal aspects of the fact that S hemoglobin is sometimes only detectable by means of electrophoresis, are discussed.
The Influence of Intra-arterial Administration of Histamine upon the Circulating Leukocytes of Man
Authors: BIERMAN H. R. , BYRON R. L. , KELLY K. H. , CORDES F. , WHITE L. P. , LITTMAN A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
1. The leukocyte content of femoral arterial and venous blood was determined simultaneously following the administration of 0.1 to 0.3 mg. of histamine (as base) directly into the femoral artery in 5 patients at rates varying from 1.1 to 6.7 µg. per second.
2. A marked and prompt decrease in leukocyte number was found in the blood from the femoral vein of the same leg after the histamine infusion started; this preceded the changes in the blood from the femoral artery.
3. The discrepancy between the venous and arterial counts indicates the withdrawal of leukocytes within the circulation of the lower extremity which is generally related to the rate and amount of histamine administered.
4. In 6 patients, histamine (0.15 to 0.4 mg.) was administered directly into the aorta at levels from T3 to L2. In five of nine instances, blood from the pulmonary artery or inferior vena cava initially showed a prompt fall in leukocyte number, which exceeded the leukopenia observed in blood sampled from the aorta. In two instances, the leukocyte counts from the aorta exhibited no significant change.
5. The venous leukopenia following the administration of histamine into the aorta probably occurs as a result of sequestration of leukocytes in the peripheral capillaries which accompanies the arterial leukopenia due to a similar effect in the pulmonary circulation.
Case Report: Chronic Granulocytic (Myelogenous) Leukemia and Pregnancy
Authors: SHUB HAROLD , BLACK MAURICE M. , SPEER FRANCIS D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
1. An additional case of coexistent pregnancy and chronic granulocytic (myelogenious) leukemia is reported.
2. Coincident with pregnancy the leukemia in this patient underwent a transition from the chronic phase in remission to acute myeloblastic disease with rapid exitus.
3. The pertinent literature concerning pregnancy and chronic granulocytic leukemia has been reviewed and evaluated.
4. Our findings indicate that pregnancy may have a deleterious effect on the course of the patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia, and may initiate an acute exacerbation of the disease.
5. In approximately one-third of the cases of chronic granulocytic leukemia complicated by pregnancy, an exacerbation and death occurred within eight months postpartum.
6. In chronic granulocytic leukemia, pregnancy should be avoided.
Two Cases of Sickle Cell Disease Presumably Due to the Combination of the Genes for Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Authors: NEEL JAMES V. , ITANO HARVEY A. , LAWRENCE JOHN S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A family of Greek derivation is described in which 2 out of 6 children examined exhibited a sickle cell type of anemia. The father of these children was found to have thalassemia minor and the mother the sickle cell trait. It is presumed that the anemia in the two children was due to simultaneous heterozygosity for the sickling and thalassemia genes. Biochemical studies with reference to the occurrence and amounts of normal, sickle cell, and fetal hemoglobin were carried out on the parents and the 6 children. The theoretic interpretation of the biochemical findings is discussed.
Erythrophagocytosis in a Case of Plasma Cell Leukemia
Authors: BUTTERWORTH CHARLES E. , FROMMEYER WALTER B. , RISER WILLIAM H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A case of plasma cell leukemia is presented in which erythrophagocytosis by cells of the plasma cell series occurred. This case serves to add the cells of the plasma cell series to those of the monocytic and granulocytic series as cells capable of erythrophagocytosis under certain conditions.
Effect of Horse Serum, Adrenal Hormones, and Histamine on the Number of Eosinophils in the Blood and Peritoneal Fluid of Mice
Authors: PANZENHAGEN H. , SPEIRS R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A technic of performing reliable eosinophil determinations on the peritoneal fluid of mice is described. This procedure was found to be rapid and did not necessitate killing the animals.
Simultaneous determinations of the blood and peritoneal eosinophils were made at 3 hour intervals throughout a 24 hour period. A marked diurnal rhythm was found in the blood eosinophils, but little change occurred in the number of eosinophils found in the peritoneal cavity.
During a period of 3 hours following stress, there was a marked blood eosinopenia, but little or no change in the peritoneal eosinophils. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 ml. normal horse serum resulted in a great increase in the number of peritoneal eosinophils. These cells appeared to be morphologically identical with the blood eosinophils. In mice which were pretreated with horse serum, relatively large injections of cortisone, compound F, epinephrine and histamine produced a marked blood eosinopenia, but failed to reduce the number of peritoneal eosinophils within 3 hours. The response of eosinophils in blood and peritoneal fluid to cortisone was essentially the same either when it was injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally.
Implantations of pellets of cortisone acetate in the peritoneal cavity produced a blood eosinopenia beginning within 1 hour and reaching a maximum at approximately 3 hours. The peritoneal eosinophils did not begin to drop until approximately 6 to 10 hours after the implantation.
These data were interpreted as indicating that physiologic doses of cortisone, compound F, epinephrine or histamine do not have a direct lytic action upon the eosinophils of mice.
Splenic Aspirations in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: SHAPIRO HENRY D. , WATSON R. JANET 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
1. Splenic aspirations were performed in ten consecutive patients with multiple myeloma, in only three of whom the spleen was palpable.
2. In nine of the ten patients there was an increase of the percentage of myeloma cells in the splenic aspirations comparable to that in the marrow.
3. It is postulated that these findings support the concept of multiple myeloma as a generalized hematopoietic disease comparable to the leukemias.
Mutations in the pyruvate kinase L gene in patients with hereditary hemolytic anemia
Authors: Lenzner C , Nurnberg P , Thiele BJ , Reis A , Brabec V , Sakalova A , Jacobasch G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We have completely sequenced the introns of the human L-type pyruvate kinase (PK) gene using the published cDNA sequence. Subsequently, DNA from 12 unrelated PK deficiency (PKD) patients of Central European origin was investigated for mutations in this gene by solid-phase sequencing. We detected 10 different mutations, 9 of which result in single amino acid alterations, whereas the tenth destroys a splice site. Eight of the 10 mutations have not been described before. We found 7 missense mutations: G994-->A (Gly-332-->Ser), G1006-->T (Ala- 336-->Ser), A1081-->G (Asn-361-->Asp), G1174-->A (Ala-392-->Thr), G1493- ->A (Arg-498-->His), G1529-->A (Arg-510-->Gln), C1594-->T (Arg-532-- >Trp), one in-frame triplet deletion (del) as well as one insertion (ins): del AAG1060–62 (del Lys-354), ins AGC after C1203 (ins Ser after Cys-401), and one splice-site mutation at the border of intron A to exon 3: g/G283-->a/G. Although the enzymatic properties are substantially changed in all PK mutations, only two affected amino acid positions are in or close to the active site. Mutations C1594-->T, G994- ->A, del AAG1060–62 and the splice-site mutation g/G283-->a/G have been detected in two different patients each. Mutation G1529-->A was found in five different alleles. Haplotype analysis with the A/C polymorphism at position 1705 gave evidence for a single origin of this most frequent mutation in PKD as suggested by Baronciani and Beutler (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4324, 1993). Carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis are now feasible for the affected families.
Increased incidence of second neoplasms in patients treated with interferon alpha 2b for hairy cell leukemia: a clinicopathologic assessment [see comments]
Authors: Kampmeier P , Spielberger R , Dickstein J , Mick R , Golomb H , Vardiman JW 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We report that there is an unexpectedly high incidence of second neoplasms in patients after treatment of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with interferon alpha 2b (IFN). In a cohort of 69 patients with HCL entered in a protocol using IFN as the primary treatment, and followed thereafter for a median of 91 months (range, 0.2 to 109 months), 13 patients (19%) developed a second neoplasm. Six neoplasms were of hematopoietic origin, whereas the remaining seven were adenocarcinomas. The expected number of second tumors in this cohort is three (based on calculations from the National Cancer Institute's SEER data), so the excess frequency (observed:expected) is 4.33. However, the excess frequency is even greater for the hematopoietic neoplasms; the expected frequency is 0.15, whereas six hematopoietic tumors occurred, for an observed:expected ratio of 40. In general, the second neoplasms have behaved aggressively, and the median survival after diagnosis of the second neoplasm was only 8.8 months. Although we cannot entirely exclude the possibility that IFN therapy has some direct oncogenic effect, we suspect that increased frequency of second tumors is related to prolonged survival of patients who are immunocompromised because of HCL and thus prone to develop second tumors. If so, the frequency of second neoplasms in patients with HCL may be even greater in the future with continued improvements in therapy.