bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low birth weight and PM2.5 in Puerto Rico
Authors: Kirwa Kipruto , McConnell-Rios Rafael , Manjourides Justin , Cordero J. , Alshawabekeh A. , Suh Helen H. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Low birth weight (LBW) has been associated with adverse health outcomes across the lifespan. Among ethnic/racial minority populations, few studies have examined the association between LBW (<2,500 or ≥2,500 g) and prenatal exposure to air pollution, a key modifiable environmental risk factor.

Methods:
We examined the association between LBW and prenatal exposure to PM2.5 in a Hispanic and black population in Puerto Rico between 1999 and 2013, adjusting for individual and municipality-level confounders. We used modified Poisson regression to estimate the association and performed sensitivity analyses treating birth weight as continuous or polychotomous. In secondary analyses, we applied a 2-stage mixed effects model suitable for longitudinally measured exposures and binary outcomes.

Results:
Among 332,129 total and 275,814 term births, 12.2% and 6.3% of infants had LBW, respectively. Eighty-eight percent of mothers were Hispanic. Mean (SD) PM2.5 concentrations declined from 9.9 (1.7) µg/m3 in 1999 to 6.1 (1.1) µg/m3 in 2013. Mean birth weights dropped to 3,044 g in 2010 and rose steadily afterward. Among term births, a SD increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 3.2% (95% CI = −1.0%, 6.3%) higher risk of LBW. First (risk ratio, 1.02; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.04) and second (1.02; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.05) trimester exposures were associated with increased LBW risk. In a 2-stage approach that longitudinally modeled monthly prenatal exposure levels, a standard deviation increase in average PM2.5 was associated with higher risk of LBW (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.08).

Conclusions:
In Puerto Rico, LBW is associated with prenatal PM2.5 exposure.
Return to Productivity Projections for Individuals With Moderate to Severe TBI Following Inpatient Rehabilitation: A NIDILRR TBIMS and CDC Interagency Collaboration
Authors: Pretz Christopher , Kowalski Robert G. , Cuthbert Jeffrey P. , Whiteneck Gale G. , Miller A. Cate , Ketchum Jessica M. , Dams-O'Connor Kristen 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
Return to work and school following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an outcome of central importance both to TBI survivors and to society. The current study estimates the probability of returning to productivity over 5 years following moderate to severe brain injury.

Design:
A secondary longitudinal analysis using random effects modeling, that is, individual growth curve analysis based on a sample of 2542 population-weighted individuals from a multicenter cohort study.

Setting:
Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Participants:
Individuals 16 years and older with a primary diagnosis of TBI who were engaged in school or work at the time of injury.

Main Outcome Measures:
Participation in productive activity, defined as employment or school, as reported during follow-up telephone interviews at 1, 2, and 5 years postinjury.

Results:
Baseline variables, age of injury, race, level of education and occupational category at the time of injury, disability rating at hospital discharge, substance abuse status, and rehabilitation length of stay, are significantly associated with probability of return to productivity. Individual-level productivity trajectories generally indicate that the probability of returning to productivity increases over time.

Conclusions:
Results of this study highlight the importance of preinjury occupational status and level of education in returning to productive activity following moderate to severe TBI.
Contemporary Microbiology and Antimicrobial Treatment of Complicated Appendicitis
Authors: Viel-Thériault Isabelle , Bettolli Marcos , Toye Baldwin , Harrison Mary-Ann , Le Saux Nicole 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Antimicrobial stewardship interventions to curtail the use of third-generation cephalosporins and antipseudomonal penicillins for the treatment of complicated appendicitis in children are challenging given the tendency to treat complicated disease with broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Reasons for this are unclear, but there is a paucity of contemporary microbiologic data associated with the child presenting with either acute perforated or gangrenous appendicitis. This study aimed to justify the appropriateness of an empiric regimen consisting of ampicillin, tobramycin/gentamicin plus metronidazole and to analyze duration of postoperative therapy.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from February 1, 2017, to October 31, 2018, in children who underwent appendectomy or interventional radiologic drainage for primary complicated appendicitis. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who had a pathogen isolated from peritoneal fluid culture that was not susceptible to the recommended empiric therapy. The secondary outcomes were the total duration of antimicrobial therapy and the proportion of patients with a postoperative infectious complication within 30 days after intervention.

Results:
Of 425 children with primary acute appendicitis, 158 (37%) had complicated appendicitis at presentation. Culture was performed in 53 (40%) of the 133 who underwent a surgical or interventional radiologic intervention. The group with peritoneal cultures was more likely to present with longer symptom duration before admission [3 (interquartile range, 2–5) vs 2 (interquartile range, 1–2) days; P < 0.001] and with purulent peritonitis [47% (25/53) vs 13% (10/80); P < 0.001]. The most common pathogens isolated were anaerobes (81%), Escherichia coli (74%) and Streptococcus anginosus group (62%). Only 4% of isolated bacteria were resistant to empiric therapy. Postoperative infectious complications were documented in 23 (17%) patients and were not associated with the presence of a resistant pathogen or the choice of antimicrobial agents but with more severe disease and higher C-reactive protein values (303 vs 83 mg/L; P=0.03) at presentation.

Conclusions:
In a cohort of previously healthy children presenting with complicated appendicitis requiring surgical drainage, the most common bacteria from peritoneal cultures continue to be S. anginosus, aminoglycoside-susceptible Gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes. In an attempt to reduce extended-spectrum cephalosporin use, these data were useful in supporting the use of metronidazole with ampicillin and an aminoglycoside, rather than third-generation cephalosporins.
Demographic Differences Among Patients Undergoing Blepharoplasty Based on Surgeon Training in New York State
Authors: Gorbea Enrique , Legocki Alex T. , Gray Mingyang , Yang Anthony , Schwarcz Robert , Iloreta Alfred , Rosenberg Joshua D. 
Published: July 2019

Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure commonly performed by ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, and plastic surgeons to address cosmetic concerns or visual impairment related to the eyelids.

Purpose:
To evaluate whether patient demographics and surgical metrics varied among differently trained surgeons performing blepharoplasty.

Methods:
The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database was used to identify patients who underwent blepharoplasty in New York State. Surgeons were grouped based on residency training as listed in the New York State Physician Profile. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine predictors of patient characteristics based on surgeon training.

Results:
There were 361 surgeons who performed 39,932 cases of blepharoplasty in New York State from 2008 to 2016. When aggregated by surgeon training, there were significant differences among procedure times and total charges for blepharoplasty. On average, cases performed by ophthalmologists took 66.7 minutes and patients were charged $6,860; cases performed by otolaryngologists took 158.2 minutes and patients were charged $9,084; and cases performed by plastic surgeons took 131.8 minutes and patients were charged $11,028. Unlike plastic surgeons or otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists tended to have older patients and more male patients. Ophthalmologists were more likely to operate on patients with comorbidities as well as non-white patients (p < 0.0001). They were also significantly more likely to have patients with insurance coverage than self-pay (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Demographic and surgical metrics of blepharoplasty cases performed by surgeons trained in otolaryngology and plastic surgery are similar. Ophthalmology-trained surgeons performed blepharoplasty on patients that were more likely to be older, male, non-white, and had insurance coverage. Ophthalmologist procedure time for blepharoplasty was also less than half of the procedure time of otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons.
Daytime and Nighttime Sleep Characteristics and Pain Among Adults With Stable Heart Failure
Authors: Conley Samantha , Feder Shelli L. , Jeon Sangchoon , Redeker Nancy S. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Pain and sleep disturbance are common among patients with heart failure (HF) and are associated with symptom burden, disability, and poor quality of life. Little is known about the associations between specific sleep characteristics and pain in people with HF.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between nocturnal sleep characteristics, use of sleep medication, and daytime sleep characteristics and pain among people with HF.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study of stable participants with HF. We administered the SF36 Bodily Pain Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Sleep Habits Questionnaire and obtained 3 days of wrist actigraphy and 1 night of home unattended polysomnography. We conducted bivariate analyses and generalized linear models.

Results:
The sample included 173 participants (mean [SD] age, 60 [16.1] years; 65.3% [n = 113] male). Insomnia symptoms (P = .0010), sleep duration (P = .0010), poor sleep quality (P = .0153), use of sleep medications (P = .0170), napping (P = .0029), and daytime sleepiness (P = .0094) were associated with increased pain. Patients with the longest sleep duration, who also had insomnia, had more pain (P = .0004), fatigue (P = .0028), daytime sleepiness (P = .0136), and poorer sleep quality (P < .0001) and took more sleep medications (P = .0029) than did those without insomnia.

Conclusions:
Pain is associated with self-reported poor sleep quality, napping, daytime sleepiness, and use of sleep medication. The relationship between pain and sleep characteristics differs based on the presence of insomnia and sleep duration. Studies are needed to evaluate the causal relationships between sleep and pain and test interventions for these cooccurring symptoms.
Theory Testing of Patient Perspectives Using a Mobile Health Technology System in Heart Failure Self-care
Authors: Hägglund Ewa , Strömberg Anna , Hagerman Inger , Lyngå Patrik 
Published: July 2019

Background:
There is an increasing interest in mobile health (mHealth), the use of mobile devices for supporting self-care in persons with heart failure. However, an established theoretical framework to explain, predict, and understand the phenomena of mHealth to support self-care is lacking.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to deductively test if the situation-specific theory of heart failure self-care could be applied in the context of persons with heart failure using an mHealth system with a tablet computer connected to a weighing scale to support their self-care. We wanted to test whether the 3 phases of the self-care process (ie, self-care maintenance, symptom perception, and self-care management) could be validated in the experiences of persons with heart failure using an mHealth tool.

Methods:
A qualitative study design was used with semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed deductively using content analysis and coded according to a structured matrix into 1 of the 3 predefined categories: self-care maintenance, symptom perception, or self-care management

Results:
Seventeen persons with heart failure, with mean age of 75 years, participated. The mHealth system was found to be feasible, influencing adherence and providing support for maintaining self-care as well as influencing both physical and psychological symptom perception.
In persons with heart failure, the mHealth tool experience influenced the development and use of skills and fostered independence in self-care management. An interaction with healthcare professionals was sometimes needed in combination with the mHealth tool.

Conclusions:
The findings confirmed that “the situation-specific theory of heart failure self-care” could be applied in this context.
Adverse-Event Free Survival, Hospitalizations, and Mortality in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients
Authors: Alonso Windy , Hupcey Judith E. , Kitko Lisa , Pozehl Bunny , Kupzyk Kevin 
Published: July 2019

Background
The number of individuals with advanced heart failure (HF) receiving left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is growing. Postimplantation LVAD recipients return home to both rural and urban locations. The impact of rural or urban living on postimplantation outcomes has not been adequately explored.

Objective
This cohort study examined adverse event–free survival, hospitalization-free survival, and all-cause mortality between rural and urban LVAD recipients in the first 2 years after implantation.

Methods
Data from LVAD recipients (N = 141) implanted at a single center in the northeastern United States were analyzed. Recipients of LVAD were designated as rural or urban by county of residence. Adverse events, hospitalizations, and survival time were examined using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Thirty-seven percent of LVAD recipients in the cohort were rural. Two-thirds of all LVAD recipients experienced at least 1 adverse event (96/141, 68.1%). Although more urban recipients experienced adverse events, including death, rural versus urban models of both adverse events and survival were nonsignificant (adverse events: log-rank = 1.18, P = .28; hazard ratio [HR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–1.63; P = .89; survival: log-rank =2.81, P = .09; HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.17–1.23; P = .12). Rural LVAD recipients experienced significantly more hospitalizations and shorter hospitalization-free survival (log-rank = 6.67, P = .009). However, the HR for survival was nonsignificant (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.94–2.39; P = .08).

Conclusions
Frequent adverse events and hospitalizations are of ongoing concern for LVAD recipients. More data are necessary to understand why urban LVAD recipients may experience shorter survival time compared with rural counterparts. Hospitalization may serve as a protective factor for rural LVAD recipients.
Graphmap2 - splice-aware RNA-seq mapper for long reads
Authors: Marić Josip , Sović Ivan , Križanović Krešimir , Nagarajan Niranjan , Šikić Mile 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper we present Graphmap2, a splice-aware mapper built on our previously developed DNA mapper Graphmap. Graphmap2 is tailored for long reads produced by Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore devices. It uses several newly developed algorithms which enable higher precision and recall of correctly detected transcripts and exon boundaries. We compared its performance with the state-of-the-art tools Minimap2 and Gmap. On both simulated and real datasets Graphmap2 achieves higher mappability and more correctly recognized exons and their ends. In addition we present an analysis of potential of splice aware mappers and long reads for the identification of previously unknown isoforms and even genes. The Graphmap2 tool is publicly available at https://github.com/lbcb-sci/graphmap2.
From space group to space groupoid: the partial symmetry of low-temperatureE-vanillyl oxime
Authors: Ehrmann Katharina , Baudis Stefan , Stöger Berthold 
Published: July 2019

The phase transition ofE-vanillyl oxime {1-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzene, C8H9NO3} has been analysed by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. The high-temperature (HT) phase (P21/a,Z′ = 1) transforms into the low-temperature (LT) phase (threefold superstructure, P\overline{1},Z′ = 6) atca 190 K. The point operations lost on cooling, {m[010], 2[010]}, are retained as twin operations and constitute the twin law. The screw rotations and glide reflections are retained in the LT phase as partial operations acting on a subset of Euclidean space {\bb E}^3. The full symmetry of the LT phase, including partial operations, is described by a disconnected space groupoid which is built of three connected components.
A two-stage model for monitoring the green supplier performance considering dual-role and undesirable factors
Authors: Li Fang , Deng Lei , Li Longxiao , Cheng Zizhen , Yu Han 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to monitor the environmental efficiency of suppliers in the presence of undesirable output and dual-role factors with static and dynamic aspects. Meanwhile, it also aims to explain the main reason for the low efficiency of suppliers.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose a modified data model considering undesirable output and dual-role factors. The study integrates the modified data envelopment analysis model into the distance function of the Malmquist–Luenberger index. Moreover, this study uses the global benchmark technology to formulate a two-stage model. To verify the validity of this model, a model application is conducted on an automotive spare components company in China.

Findings
The results identify the unique status of dual-role factors based on the global optimality of the model and then categorize inefficient suppliers in an individual evaluation cycle. In addition, each supplier is projected on a frontier curve after obtaining the improved data. Furthermore, through the status plot of M-L and its components, this paper concludes that efficiency scale change is the main reason for the gap in ecological performance between different suppliers.

Research limitations/implications
The proposed model considers both undesirable output and dual-role factors; however, variables with different features, such as imprecise, fuzzy and qualitative characteristics, can be embedded into the presented two-stage model.

Originality/value
Evaluating green suppliers through multiple consecutive evaluation cycles will aid a company in effectively managing its key suppliers. Furthermore, the evaluation provides policy guidance for further improvement of suppliers.
The effect of socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) on frontline employees’ knowledge sharing
Authors: Jia Xingping , Liao Shudi , Van der Heijden Beatrice I.J.M. , Guo Zhiwen 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This study in the hospitality industry aims to explore the underlying mechanisms through which socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) affects frontline employees’ knowledge sharing, as well as the moderating effects of role conflict and role ambiguity.

Design/methodology/approach
Two data waves have been collected from one of the largest restaurant chains in China. Using Mplus 7.0, a structural equation modeling model is empirically tested to investigate the hypothesized moderated mediation model.

Findings
First, SRHRM appears to foster frontline employees’ perceived respect and organizational trust and further stimulates their knowledge sharing. Second, role conflict is found to weaken the relationship between SRHRM and organizational trust, while role ambiguity seems to weaken the strength of the linkage between SRHRM and perceived respect.

Practical implications
Managers should make SRHRM policies more visible and implement appropriate SRHRM practices to facilitate employees proactively to share knowledge at work. Furthermore, managers should realize the dark side effects of role conflict and role ambiguity, as they might hinder the positive impact of SRHRM on knowledge sharing.

Originality/value
This study uncovers the meditating roles of perceived respect and organizational trust through which SRHRM impacts on employees’ knowledge sharing. By incorporating the possible moderating roles of role conflict and role ambiguity, this scholarly work also increases the understanding of possible hindrances in this regard.
Correlation between human rights promotion and health protection: a cross country analysis
Authors: Akgungor Sedef , Alaei Kamiar , Chao Weng-Fong , Harrington Alexandra , Alaei Arash 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the correlation among health outcomes, and civil and political rights (CPR) and also economic, social and cultural rights.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses cross-sectional data from 161 countries. The authors use health outcomes and human rights variables in the model. In order to combine dimensions of human rights, this paper uses factor analysis and obtains proxy variables that measure economic, social and cultural rights and CPR. The two proxy variables are used as independent variables to explain variations in health in a regression model. The paper then classifies countries by cluster analysis and explores the patterns of different components of human rights and health outcomes across country clusters.FindingsThe regression model demonstrates that the economic, social and cultural rights variables explain variations in all health outcomes. The relationship between CPR and health is weaker than that of the economic, social and cultural rights. Cluster analysis further reveals that despite the country’s commitment to CPR, those that highly respect economic, social and cultural rights lead to superior health outcomes. The more respect a country has for economic, social and cultural rights, the better the health outcomes for the citizens of that country.Practical implicationsNational policies should consider equal emphasis on all dimensions of human rights for further improvements in health.Originality/valueThe sole promotion of CPR such as democracy and empowerment, absence of adequate support of economic, social and cultural rights such as rights to housing, education, food and work can only contribute partially to health.
Transitioning towards a sustainable food city
Authors: Quest Jill , Shiel Chris , Watson Sarah 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a case study of a capacity building project and critical reflection in relation to transitioning to a sustainable food city.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study research approach was adopted involving two research initiatives: first, a survey to elicit stakeholders’ understanding of sustainable local food, with a view to creating a shared agenda and informing future strategic direction and second a combination of research approaches, including paired discussions, generation of pictorial outputs and a workshop, aimed to inform the future vision and mission of the Partnership.

Findings
Collaboration with stakeholders through a variety of research initiatives has facilitated the development of a sustainable food city partnership, with the overarching aim of achieving a transition towards a more sustainable food system. Moreover, collaboration has contributed to the transition of the Partnership to ensure sustainability and continuity after the initial funding stage.

Research limitations/implications
While universities have an important role to play in guiding direction and shaping new community initiatives for sustainability in their regions, the challenges, resources and time involved may be under-estimated; these projects take considerable time to yield fruit.

Practical implications
The findings of the study will be of interest to those working in the community to promote education for sustainable development and better food systems.

Originality/value
This paper addresses a gap in the literature in relation to universities and their collaboration with key stakeholders in building capacity and contributing to local sustainability transitions.