bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological trajectories of mothers and fathers following their child's diagnosis of a life‐threatening illness or injury: A longitudinal investigation
Authors: Darling Simone J. , Hearps Stephen J.C. , Muscara Frank , McCarthy Maria , Nicholson Jan M. , Burke Kylie , Dimovski Anica , Anderson Vicki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveExplore the mental health trajectories of parents following their child's life‐threatening illness/injury.MethodsParticipants were 217 parents (mean age: 34.9–40.0; 66 fathers) of 165 children who presented to a tertiary hospital with a life‐threatening illness/injury. Parents completed questionnaires about their mental health and psychosocial stressors within 4 weeks of the child's illness/injury (T1), and 4 months (T2), 7 months (T3), and 19 months (T4) postdiagnosis.ResultsFor both mothers and fathers, mental health symptoms were elevated at diagnosis declining to normal levels by T3, with a pattern of increase at T4. Fathers demonstrated a faster decline in symptoms between T1 and T2, and fathers, but not mothers, experienced a relapse in depressive symptoms at T4. Fathers reported higher rates of work changes.ConclusionsThese findings have important implications for the design and timing of parental interventions to support families of children with life‐threatening disease/injury.
Laminin‐derived peptide C16 regulates Tks expression and reactive oxygen species generation in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Caires‐dos‐Santos Livia , da Silva Suély V. , Smuczek Basilio , de Siqueira Adriane S. , Cruz Karen S. P. , Barbuto José Alexandre M. , Augusto Taize M. , Freitas Vanessa M. , Carvalho Hernandes F. , Jaeger Ruy G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLaminin peptides influence cancer biology. We investigated the role of a laminin‐derived peptide C16 regulating invadopodia molecules in human prostate cancer cells (DU145). C16 augmented invadopodia activity of DU145 cells, and stimulated expression Tks4, Tks5, cortactin, and membrane‐type matrix metalloproteinase 1. Reactive oxygen species generation is also related to invadopodia formation. This prompted us to address whether C16 would induce reactive oxygen species generation in DU145 cells. Quantitative fluorescence and flow cytometry showed that the peptide C16 increased reactive oxygen species in DU145 cells. Furthermore, significant colocalization between Tks5 and reactive oxygen species was observed in C16‐treated cells. Results suggested that the peptide C16 increased Tks5 and reactive oxygen species in prostate cancer cells. The role of C16 increasing Tks and reactive oxygen species are novel findings on invadopodia activity.
Apelin/APJ system: A novel promising target for neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Luo Huaiqing , Han Li , Xu Jin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), are incurable diseases characterized by progressive loss of cognitive or motor function, which construct a serious threat to the life quality of aging populations and their life spans. Apelin is an endogenous ligand for the G protein‐coupled receptor. Apelin is reported to be detected not only in the cardiovascular system but also in neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, alterations in the expression level of apelin appear to play a pivotal role in various physiological processes including loss of structure or function of neurons, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, Ca2+ signaling, apoptosis, and autophagy. All of these processes are intimately related to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, apelin is reported to improve cognitive impairment in PD by antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Hence, it is becoming increasingly appreciated that altering the level of apelin can change the course or dictate the outcome of neurodegenerative events such as AD, PD, and HD, suggesting that apelin could be a potential target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases possibly acting on a variety of signaling pathways such as suppression of inflammatory responses, inhibition of oxidative stress, reduction of Ca2+ signaling, induction of autophagy, and suppression of apoptosis.
Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization and seed germination effects of green‐emitting graphene oxide‐carbon dot composite using brown macroalgal bio‐oil as precursor
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Sivashunmugam , Vishnukumar Perumalsamy , Hariram Muruganandham , Vivekanandhan Singaravelu , Camus Carolina , Buschmann Alejandro H , Navia Rodrigo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBio‐oils can be effectively used for the preparation of bio‐based materials owing to their chemical compositions. In this study, brown macroalgal‐derived bio‐oil was used for the synthesis of graphene oxide‐carbon dot composite by a simple hydrothermal process.RESULTSA simple and facile hydrothermal process was explored for the preparation of green‐emitting graphene oxide‐carbon dot (GO‐CD) composite from brown macroalgal biomass‐derived bio‐oil as carbon source in water medium at 170 °C for 4 h. An aqueous solution of the prepared GO‐CD composite exhibited green emission under ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses confirmed the successful formation of GO‐CD composite. Physicochemical characterizations such as phase structure and optical properties of the GO‐CD were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, UV–visible and photoluminescence analyses. The effects of the GO‐CD composite on the seed germination of mung bean were studied. It was found that, compared with the control (100/0 vol% water; total length of plant ∼20 cm), the 75/25 vol% water/GO‐CD ratio treatment resulted in better plant growth (total length of plant ∼25 cm) under the studied conditions. Further increase in GO‐CD concentration above the optimum level resulted in a decrease in plant growth but did not have a significant effect on the mass, root and leaf mass development.CONCLUSIONBrown macroalgal bio‐oil‐derived graphene oxide‐carbon dot composite were explored for the seed germination of mung bean and the results showed that a low concentration enhanced the plant growth. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A recommended and verified procedure for in situ tryptic digestion of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues for analysis by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Judd Audra M. , Gutierrez Danielle B. , Moore Jessica L. , Patterson Nathan Heath , Yang Junhai , Romer Carrie E. , Norris Jeremy L. , Caprioli Richard M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) is a molecular imaging technology uniquely capable of untargeted measurement of proteins, lipids, and metabolites while retaining spatial information about their location in situ. This powerful combination of capabilities has the potential to bring a wealth of knowledge to the field of molecular histology. Translation of this innovative research tool into clinical laboratories requires the development of reliable sample preparation protocols for the analysis of proteins from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues, the standard preservation process in clinical pathology. Although ideal for stained tissue analysis by microscopy, the FFPE process cross‐links, disrupts, or can remove proteins from the tissue, making analysis of the protein content challenging. To date, reported approaches differ widely in process and efficacy. This tutorial presents a strategy derived from systematic testing and optimization of key parameters, for reproducible in situ tryptic digestion of proteins in FFPE tissue and subsequent MALDI IMS analysis. The approach describes a generalized method for FFPE tissues originating from virtually any source.
Association of HLA‐DQB1*03:01 and DRB1*11:01 with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus in Chinese Li ethnicity, an ethnic group genetically distinct from Chinese Han ethnicity and infected with unique HCV subtype
Authors: Huang Jieting , Xu Ru , Wang Min , Liao Qiao , Huang Ke , Shan Zhengang , You Qingzhu , Li Chengyao , Rong Xia , Fu Yongshui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSpecific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II alleles have been associated with spontaneous clearance or persistent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV), which seemed to be restricted by the host's ethnicity and viral genotype. Recently we reported a high prevalence and spontaneous clearance rate of HCV in a cohort of Chinese Li ethnicity who were infected with new variants of HCV genotype 6. In this study, we found that the distribution of HLA class I and class II alleles in HCV infected individuals of Chinese Li ethnicity (n = 143) was distinct from that of Chinese Han ethnicity which was reported in our previous study. HLA‐DRB1*11:01 and DQB1*03:01 were more prevalent in Chinese Li subjects who cleared HCV spontaneously than those who were chronically infected (P = .036 and P = .024, respectively), which were consistent with our previous report regarding the Chinese Han population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DQB1*03:01 (odds ratio = 3.899, P = .017), but not DRB1*11:01, associated with HCV spontaneous clearance, independent of age, sex, and IFNL3 genotype. Because DQB1*03:01 and DRB1*11:01 were tightly linked because of linkage disequilibrium, our results clearly supported the associations of these two alleles with HCV spontaneous clearance in Chinese Li as well as Han ethnicity.
Natural history of liver‐related disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: An analysis using a Markov chain model
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Toyoda Hidenori , Yasuda Satoshi , Miyake Nozomi , Kumada Takashi , Kurisu Akemi , Ohisa Masayuki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundLong‐term prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis C infection (HCV) remains incompletely characterized. We investigated the long‐term prognosis of liver disease in patients with chronic HCV infection who have not received antiviral therapy.MethodsA total of 2304 patients with chronic HCV who were not received interferon‐based therapy were included.ResultsIn the assessment of 1‐year disease state of liver transition probabilities, progression to chronic hepatitis occurred in 12% to 14% of patients across all age groups in male asymptomatic carriers. In male patients with chronic hepatitis, progression to cirrhosis was observed mostly in the 60 to 69 (7.6%) and ≥70 age groups (9.6%). In addition, in male patients with cirrhosis, HCC development occurred in approximately 5% of patients over the age of 40. In female asymptomatic carriers, progression to chronic hepatitis was observed in 6% to 14% of patients across all age groups. In female patients with chronic hepatitis, progression to cirrhosis was observed mostly in the 60 to 69 (8.7%) and ≥70 (7.4%) age groups. In addition, in female patients with cirrhosis, HCC development occurred in 0.9% to 3.3% of patients over the age of 50. Under assumptions of either chronic hepatitis or asymptomatic carrier state at age 40 as the starting condition for simulation over the following 40 years, the probability of HCC gradually increased with age and was higher in male patients.ConclusionsThere is a risk of cirrhosis or HCC development in HCV patients with not only chronic hepatitis but the asymptomatic carrier state as well.
The effects of trauma on brain and body: A unifying role for the midbrain periaqueductal gray
Authors: Terpou Braeden A. , Harricharan Sherain , McKinnon Margaret C. , Frewen Paul , Jetly Rakesh , Lanius Ruth A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a diagnosis that may follow the experience of trauma, has multiple symptomatic phenotypes. Generally, individuals with PTSD display symptoms of hyperarousal and of hyperemotionality in the presence of fearful stimuli. A subset of individuals with PTSD; however, elicit dissociative symptomatology (i.e., depersonalization, derealization) in the wake of a perceived threat. This pattern of response characterizes the dissociative subtype of the disorder, which is often associated with emotional numbing and hypoarousal. Both symptomatic phenotypes exhibit attentional threat biases, where threat stimuli are processed preferentially leading to a hypervigilant state that is thought to promote defensive behaviors during threat processing. Accordingly, PTSD and its dissociative subtype are thought to differ in their proclivity to elicit active (i.e., fight, flight) versus passive (i.e., tonic immobility, emotional shutdown) defensive responses, which are characterized by the increased and the decreased expression of the sympathetic nervous system, respectively. Moreover, active and passive defenses are accompanied by primarily endocannabinoid‐ and opioid‐mediated analgesics, respectively. Through critical review of the literature, we apply the defense cascade model to better understand the pathological presentation of defensive responses in PTSD with a focus on the functioning of lower‐level midbrain and extended brainstem systems.
Task load modulates tDCS effects on language performance
Authors: Rodrigues de Almeida Lílian , Pope Paul A. , Hansen Peter C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects in cognition are inconsistent across studies. This study aimed to discuss why typical models might be insufficient to explain these effects, and to investigate a brain state factor, task load, with behavioral experiments on phonological processing. The motor theory of speech perception states that motor codes for articulation take part in speech perception, a view sharpened by neuroimaging findings, which show that the motor role in phonological processing is weighted by the nature of the tasks. Three groups of 20 participants, each under a different tDCS condition (anodal, cathodal, or sham), performed a categorical perception (CP), a lexical decision (LD), and a word naming (WN) task while stimulated on the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus, a language area typically involved with the motor role. These tasks were assumed to be subserved by a network of nodes which included the target, believed to be increasingly relevant for performance from speech perception to speech production. A‐tDCS facilitation and C‐tDCS downregulation should directly increase with the relevance of the target for the task. Downregulation of a low relevance node could result in facilitation by compensation from other nodes. Overall, our brain stimulation findings support the neuroimaging literature in that motor participation in phonological processing depends on task nature and show that tDCS effects are modulated by task load relative to the target. Outcomes such as the improved performance following cathodal tDCS in CP and WN suggest that compensatory mechanisms may take place when the tasks involve more complex neuronal networks.
The spillover effects of coworker, supervisor, and outsider workplace incivility on work‐to‐family conflict: A weekly diary design
Authors: Zhou Zhiqing E. , Meier Laurenz L. , Spector Paul E. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis study used an experience sampling design to examine the spillover effects of experienced workplace incivility from organizational insiders (coworkers and supervisors, respectively) and organizational outsiders (patients and their visitors) on targets' work‐to‐family conflict and to test the mediating effect of burnout and the moderating effect of display rules. Data collected over five consecutive weeks from 84 full‐time nurses showed that within individuals, weekly experiences of coworker incivility and outsider incivility were positively related to weekly experience of work‐to‐family conflict, and burnout mediated these relationships while controlling for initial level of burnout before participants started a week's work. In addition, display rules, defined as the extent to which individuals perceive they are expected to display desired positive emotions and suppress negative emotions at work, moderated the relationship between outsider incivility and burnout; specifically, the positive relationship between weekly outsider incivility and burnout was stronger for individuals who perceived a higher level of display rules. Our findings contribute to the literature by demonstrating the mediating effect of burnout and the moderating effect of perceived display rules in the relationship between workplace incivility from multiple sources and work‐to‐family conflict from a resource perspective.
Disclosure of stigmatized identities at work: An interdisciplinary review and agenda for future research
Authors: Follmer Kayla B. , Sabat Isaac Emmanuel , Siuta Rose L. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis review focuses on the disclosure decisions faced by employees with concealable stigmatized identities—one of the most challenging decisions these individuals must make on a day‐to‐day basis. Indeed, multiple theoretical frameworks have provided a foundation for understanding the antecedents and outcomes associated with the decision to disclose or not to disclose a stigmatized identity. What is less clear, however, is the extent to which these frameworks have been empirically supported. This systematic review serves to unify the extant literature and prompt continued research related to employees with concealable stigmatized identities. Specifically, we draw upon multiple fields of study, including applied psychology, management, social psychology, and occupational health as a means to systematically synthesize the existing empirical research related to disclosure of stigmatized identities at work. In addition to advancing the scholarly knowledge of disclosure, this review also provides practical utility to organizations as they continue to create work environments that foster inclusion of all stigmatized and nonstigmatized employees.
Parametric Finite Element Analysis of Intramedullary Nail Fixation of Proximal Femur Fractures
Authors: Tucker Scott M. , Wee Hwabok , Fox Edward , Reid J. Spence , Lewis Gregory S. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTProximal femur fracture fixation with intramedullary nailing relies on stability at the fracture site and integrity of the fixation construct to achieve union. The biomechanics that dictate fracture site stability and implant stress depend on fracture type as well as implant features such as nail length, nail diameter, presence of distal fixation screws, and material composition of the implant. When deciding how to fix a fracture, surgeons have choices in these implant‐related design variables. This study models all combinations of a range of implant variables for nine standard AO/OTA proximal femur fractures using finite element analysis. Under simulated maximum load during gait, the maximum stress in the implant and screws as well as interfragmentary motions at the fracture site in the axial and shear directions were computed. The results were separated by fracture type to show the influence of each design variable on measured biomechanical outcomes. Filling the reamed canal with the largest fitting nail diameter reduced axial and shear interfragmentary motion for all fracture types. Nail length was less predictive of shear interfragmentary motion for most simulated fracture types than other construct variables. Furthermore, gapping at the fracture site predisposed the construct to higher implant stresses and larger interfragmentary motions. Clinical significance: Biomechanical outcomes from this computational study can aid in surgical decision‐making for optimizing hip fracture fixation with IM nailing. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2358–2366, 2019
Platelet‐Rich Plasma Released From Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogels Exerts Beneficial Effects on Human Chondrocytes
Authors: Jain Era , Chinzei Nobuaki , Blanco Alexandra , Case Natasha , Sandell Linda J. , Sell Scott , Rai Muhammad Farooq , Zustiak Silviya P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease resulting from chronic joint inflammation and erosion of articular cartilage. A promising biological treatment for OA is intra‐articular administration of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). However, immediate bolus release of growth factors limits beneficial therapeutic effects of PRP, thus necessitating the demand for sustained release platforms. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic value of PRP released from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel on articular chondrocytes/cartilage explants derived from OA patients. Lyophilized PRP (PRGF) was encapsulated in PEG hydrogels at 10% w/v and hydrogel swelling, storage modulus and degradation and PRGF release kinetics were determined. PRGF releasate from the hydrogels was collected on day 1, 4, and 11. Encapsulation of PRGF at 10% w/v in PEG hydrogels had minimal effect on hydrogel properties. PRGF was released with an initial burst followed by sustained release until complete hydrogel degradation. Effect of PRGF releasates and bolus PRGF (1% w/v PRGF) on patient‐derived cartilage explants or chondrocytes was assessed by chondrocyte proliferation (pico‐green assay), gene expression for COL1A1, COL2A1, MMP13, COX2, and NFKB1 (real‐time polymerase chain reaction), and measurement of nitric oxide concentration (Griess’ assay). Compared to bolus PRGF, PRGF releasates enhanced chondrocyte proliferation, suppressed the expression of genes like MMP13, NFKB1, COL1A1, and COL2A1 and reduced levels of nitric oxide. Taken together, these results indicate that release of PRGF from PEG hydrogels may improve the therapeutic efficacy of PRP and merits further investigation in an animal model of OA. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2401–2410, 2019
Response surface methodology approach for the preparation of a molecularly imprinted polymer for solid‐phase extraction of fenoxycarb pesticide in mussels
Authors: Atayat Amani , Mergola Lucia , Mzoughi Nadia , Del Sole Roberta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop an efficient method for the selective extraction and analysis of fenoxycarb, a carbamate pesticide, in mussel samples using a molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction device. The optimization of molecularly imprinted polymer synthesis was performed using the experimental design under the response surface methodology approach. A fast rebinding study and Freundlich isotherm adsorption were carried out to calculate binding capacity B, site number n, and affinity constant Kf. The optimum molecularly imprinted polymer was successfully used as sorbent of a solid‐phase extraction cartridge for the determination of fenoxycarb in real mussel samples. The range of linearity was 0.3–30 mg/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. The limit of detection was 0.247 mg/kg. The recovery of fenoxycarb extracted from mussel samples of Mediterranean sea was 97% (n = 3) with relative standard deviation between 6 and 7% proving the reliability of the developed method.