bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Malodour and its Management: A Periodontal Perspective
Authors: Pavankumar Kalwa 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Halitosis is a very common condition which may affect up to 30% of the population. In most cases the aetiology of the condition is from local oral causes (oral malodour). Oral malodour is the result of the action of anaerobic bacteria in producing a range of malodorous molecular species including volatile sulphur compounds. Patients with halitosis may seek treatment from dental clinicians for their perceived oral malodour. Physiologic halitosis, oral pathologic halitosis and pseudo-halitosis would be in the treatment realm of dental practitioners. Management of oral malodour is directed at managing and reducing the bacterial load both in periodontitis and in tongue coatings by instituting proper oral hygiene measures, control of tongue flora by brushing or scraping, and possibly the adjunctive use of antiseptic agents. Treatments have also been proposed to neutralise malodorous compounds by chemical agents to mask the presence of the condition. Further evidence is required to demonstrate the long-term efficacy of therapies for this troublesome condition. The purpose of this article is to review the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of oral malodor from a periodontal perspective. The review will be limited to bad breath odors originating within the mouth.
Bilateral Mandibular Canine Impaction: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Monika Rohilla , Mahesh Goel , Nikhil Marwah 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Retention that is a permanent tooth which is unerupted more than a year after the normal age of eruption is a relatively rare event, except in the case of the third molars and the upper canines. We report the case of a 17 year old female presenting with bilateral mandibular canine impaction. This rare condition usually requires extraction of the involved tooth because orthodontic forces are seldom successful at erupting these teeth into their proper location. Henceforth, the canines were extracted.
Mesiodens with an Unususal Morphology - A Case Report
Authors: Leena Verma , Krishan Gauba , Sidhi Passi , Archna Agnihotri , Navjot Singh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch. They may be single, multiple, unilateral or bilateral erupted or unerupted and in one or both jaws. Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth found in the premaxilla between two central incisors. Presented here is a case of ten year old male child with supplemental mesiodens with talons cusp erupted in the oral cavity causing malocclusion and another horizontally impacted mesiodens near the nasal floor.
Limitations in Adult Orthodontics: A Review
Authors: Bagga Dinesh K. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAdults seeking orthodontic treatment have been increased considerably over the years as society is gradually becoming more esthetic oriented. These adults have already completed growth of craniofacial complex and treatment modality of growth modification is not an option for them. Many biological and psychosocial factors associated with adults need a change in biomechanics and treatment approach than that in growing adolescents. The present article attempts to explore the limitations in adult orthodontics.
Epidemiological Status of 3rd Molars – Their Clinical Implications
Authors: Shetty Devi Charan , Ahuja Puneet , Urs Aadithya B. , Bablani Deepika , Paul Mayura 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to describe the presence and impaction status of third molars in a Western U.P. population between age group of 17 and 24 years. A total of 3000 college students were clinically evaluated for the status of their 3rd molars. Out of these, the soft tissue associated with prophylactically extracted asymptomatic 3rd molars was histopathologically assessed. A definite eruption pattern of third molars was observed such that the percentage of teeth that were not erupted was much higher at age 17 years than at age 24 years. A decline in the eruption of teeth along with increased chances of impaction for teeth which were not erupted at 21 years was noted. Hence, it can be hypothesized that a substantial proportion of teeth impacted at 17 years do erupt fully, in the oral cavity with maximal chances of eruption between 17-21 years of age. The assessment of soft tissue changes in asymptomatically extracted teeth revealed definite histopathological alterations.
Comparision of Periodontal Status of Urban and Rural Population in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State
Authors: Kamath Deepa G , Varma B R R , Kamath Sai Giridhar , Kudpi Ramya Shenoy 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Periopathological studies have indicated that diseases of gums and loosening of teeth are as old as humanity. It continues to be one of the most common diseases affecting the human dentition. It has been seen that, due to differences between life styles and oral hygiene habits, there is a wide variation between the periodontal status of urban and rural population. As 70-80% of Indian population live in rural areas devoid of adequate treatment facilities, an attempt has been made through this study to compare the periodontal status of the urban and rural population of Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State using CPI (Community Periodontal Index with Loss of Attachment).
A total of 1251 individuals were examined from Mangalore and Ujire populations in the age group of 15-19, 35-44 and 65-74 years using two stages stratified random sampling technique. It was observed that the periodontal status of urban population (14.52% with CPI code 0) was significantly better than in rural population (2.48% with CPI code 0). Also with increasing age, there was increase in severity of periodontal disease. These findings highlighted that the prevalence of periodontal disease was more in rural compared to the urban population.
Effect of Fennel Seeds On Dental Plaque and Salivary pH-A Clinical Study
Authors: Shirahatti Ravi V , Nagesh L 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimNumerous types of practices have been developed over a period of time and have been traditionally followed by various cultures. Chewing of fennel seeds is one of such practices. Scientifically known as foeniculum vulgare, seeds of this plant are commonly chewed after food in Indian sub-continent. Aim of this study was to know the effect of chewing fennel seeds on plaque pH and salivary pH.Materials and MethodTwenty subjects were recruited based on eligibility criteria and were informed not to use any oral hygiene measures 24 hours prior to appointment. Plaque was collected to represent buccal surfaces of posterior teeth. For measurement of salivary pH, 2 ml of stimulated saliva was collected. Baseline pH was determined for both plaque and saliva using a calibrated glass combination electrode. After the subjects chewed seeds for five minutes resultant plaque and salivary pH were measured again. A third saliva sample was taken and pH measured five minutes later.ResultsA highly significant but a very transient drop in salivary pH on chewing the seeds was observed. However plaque pH did not show any significant change.ConclusionThe drop in pH is not sustained and is returning to normal limits within five minutes after chewing the seeds suggesting that the seeds have very little Cariogenic potential.
Endodontic Flare – Ups: An Overview
Authors: Mittal Rakesh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Numerous hypothetical mechanisms responsible for pain and swelling in endodontic flare ups are presented, even though these mechanisms may be interrelated. This review article also underlines the various treatment modalities for relief of pain and swelling in such situations, including pre-medication, drainage establishment, relief of occlusion, intracanal and systemic medication.
Jaw Osteonecrosis a Risk Factor in Bisphosphonate Therapy - A Dental Concern
Authors: Walia Manpreet S , Arora Saryu , Singal Bhawana 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Bisphosphonates are compound used in the treatment of many skeletal disorders such as bone metastases, osteoporosis, Paget's disease, hypercalcaemia of malignancy and bone pain. A new complication of bisphosphonate therapy administration i.e. osteonecrosis of jaw also known as bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws seems to be developing. Over suppression of bone turn over is probably the primary mechanism for the development of this condition, although there may be contributing comorbid factors. Complete prevention of this complication is not currently possible. However, preventive dental care reduces this incidence. Conservative debridement of necrotic bone, pain control, infection management, use of antimicrobial oral rinses and withdrawal of bisphosphonates are preferable to aggressive surgical measures for treating this condition.
Management Of Early Childhood Caries A Perpetual Challenge To Clinician
Authors: Jayakumar HL , Mahesh Chandra K , Pallavi H N , Jyothi D 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The incidence of Early Childhood caries is increasing due to complex behavioral variations among the children; the dental professionals are facing an uphill task to manage this condition in their routine practice. Many treatment protocols have been designed, each one claiming a distinct advantage over the other. Early childhood caries still remains an incompletely managed oral disease leading to prevalence of increased disease load among children.
Lip Prints - Can it Aid in Individual Identification
Authors: Nagesh L , Amith HV 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare the Lip Print Patterns of males and females, and to find out quadrant wise and sex wise predilection of lip print patterns.

Materials and Methods
A total of 200 dental students who satisfied the eligibility criteria were selected. Lip impressions of all these subjects were recorded. Suzuki's classification of Lip Prints was used and the results were analyzed.

Results
Type II pattern was dominant in males in the Third and Fourth quadrants. Type III pattern did not occur in Third and Fourth quadrants at all. It has occurred in First/ Second quadrant exclusively in males. The results were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusions
With these results it can be concluded that Lip Prints are characteristic of an individual and behold a potential in individual identification like the Finger Prints. Further longitudinal investigations with larger sample size should be carried out to know more about this science.
Bio Medical Waste And Dentistry
Authors: Singh Ajay , Agarwal Bhaskar , Agarwal Srishti , Shekhar Abhinav 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and amalgam waste, and provides suggestions for managing the other wastes that result from the day-to-day activities of a dental office such as used X-ray fixers and developers; cleaners for X-ray developer systems; lead foils, shields and aprons; chemiclave/chemical sterilant solutions; disinfectants, cleaners, and other chemicals; and, general office waste.
Gum Bugs Hit Heart: State-of-the-Science
Authors: Luthra Kaushal , Luthra Sarita , Aggarwal Nidhi , Luthra Shaily 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Gingival bleeding is a hallmark of chronic periodontal disease; it is likely that the bacteria associated with this disease may produce a low level bacteraemia over extended time periods and the periodontal bacteria enter the bloodstream and travel to major organs like the heart. Microbial infections associated with periodontal disease contribute to cardiovascular disease via transient bacteraemia. Inflammatory and immunological mechanisms which may link periodontal infection and athermanous diseases may be numerous and diverse, potentially involving various cellular and molecular components, direct effects of bacteremia and indirect effects of periodontal tissue inflammation.
Barodontalgia: A Clinical Entity
Authors: Gaur Tarun K , Shrivastava Tarun V 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Barodontalgia is the oral pain caused by the changes in the pressure caused due to altitude changes either on deep sea diving or inflight conditions. Barodontalgia is one of the important clinical entities which present with such overlapping signs and symptoms, that in normal clinical setup the pain due to barodontalgia goes unnoticed. Also the literature available in textbooks is also less informative and revealing of the nature of pain caused due to barodontalgia. Hence this article focuses on those untouched aspects of barodontalgia which are to be paid attention.
Supplemental Mesiodens with Facial Talons Cusp-An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Neeraja R , Kayalvizhi G 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch. Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth found in the premaxilla between two central incisors. Talon cusp is a supernumerary structure projecting from the dento-enamel junction to a variable distance towards the incisal edge of an anterior tooth and mostly on the palatal aspect. Only few have been reported on the facial aspect of the teeth. Here we present a case of a ten year old male child with supplemental mesiodens associated with facial talons cusp.
Prosthetically Driven Implant Placement with Immediate Function in the Esthetic Zone - A Case Report
Authors: Rathee Manu , Luthra Kaushal , Luthra Sarita 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A waiting period of two weeks after osteotomy increases the surrounding tissue activity to its maximum level as collagen formation and neo-angiogenesis represents a relaxed and acceptable implant bed configuration. In this case delayed implant placement protocol and conventional implant placement was followed with immediate function of esthetics, phonetics and comfort with implant restoration in the esthetic zone with minimal invasive approach. Early osteotomy with delayed implant placement showed lesser bone resorption and higher success rates than conventional implant placement.
Evaluation of Awareness Among Muslim Parents of Preschool Children in Udaipur City of Rajasthan India, Regarding the Importance of Primary Dentition
Authors: Arora Ruchi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
Little data is available on the initiative shown by the Muslim parents for dental health care of their children. This study was conducted to evaluate the awareness among Muslim parents of preschool children in Udaipur city of Rajasthan India, regarding the importance of primary teeth.

Material and Methods
A total of hundred Muslim parents of preschool children were included in the study with equal ratio of males and females. Self-administered questionnaire were given to the parents to be completed by holding interactive meetings with the help of respective community heads. Chi-square test was applied and significance level was calculated.

Results
The results showed that a high proportion of parents were unaware of their children's dental needs. It was surprising to note that the male parents (67.7%) were more aware as compared to the female parents (58.2%).

Conculusion
Parents lack adequate knowledge on importance of the primary teeth; hence, there is an increasing need to increase the knowledge of parents through effective strategies. Educational background appeared to influence the level of awareness of the importance of primary dentition.
Fresh Mouth is a Gateway to a Healthy Body – An Overview of Current Use of Chlorhexidine
Authors: Gambhir Ramandeep Singh , Sohi Ramandeep Kaur , Randhawa Amaninder , Bansal Vikram , Sogi G.M , Veeresha KL 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
For the past many years intensive research has been conducted on various chemical agents, as adjunct to mechanical plaque control measures, for the reduction of oral diseases. Various chemical formulations are available for control of plaque which is the causative factor in gingivitis. Extensive amount of literature is present, providing proof of efficacy of chlorhexidine in plaque control. After three decades of use by the dental profession, chlorhexidine is still recognized as the gold standard against which other antiplaque and antigingivitis agents are measured. It is both bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal in nature owing to different concentrations. Chlorhexidine is available in different forms like gels, sprays, mouth rinses etc. It appears to be mainly useful in situations where oral hygiene is difficult to maintain.
Prevalence of Gingivitis Among Children Living in Bhopal
Authors: Hiremath Vinaykumar , Mishra Nishi , Patil Anandkumar G , Sheetal Aparna , Kumar Sheetal 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
Study was conducted to determine prevalence of gingivitis amongst school going children between 5-13 years old around sub-urban area of Bhopal city.

Method
A total of 928 children (510 boys and 418 girls of age 5-13 years were examined). Out of 928 children 738 showed gingivitis.

Results
Prevalence of gingivitis was seen more in boys than girls. Age wise prevalence was evident amongst the children who were between the ages of 5-7 years.

Conclusion
This indicates the need for community health activities and awareness program.
Articulator and Facebow: Review of Literature and History of Articulators
Authors: Batra P 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Articulators and facebows are the integral part of any branch of prosthodontics. We all have seen, the constant innovation, expansion and evolution of these two important instruments through the years. The core aim of this article is to bring in light, the way these instruments were used around more than five decades back till recent times as well as theories and principles related to their uses are also changing as the passes. This review has shown conclusions of many researchers on so many concepts like superiority of arcon articulator over non-arcon articulators, survey of their use in dental school/ colleges, various techniques of recording jaw movements like transographic, stereographic, axiographic, digital & more and importance of terminal hinge axis. Efforts were made and still going on to record the accurate jaw movements in order to make a prosthesis which functions harmoniously and also preserve the remaining tissues, which is a big aim of prosthodontics.
Management of Syncope in Dental Camps
Authors: Gururaju CR , Raghu KM , Thanuja R , Jayaprakash K 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Syncope is a transient, self-limiting, self-correcting loss of consciousness, usually leading to fall on prolonged standing. The normal circulation is restored immediately after the collapse lest the patient is suffering from any underlying diseases. Dental camps as an adjunct to public health dentistry provide awareness and treatment but lack hospital level management or emergency support system. Hence, in a dental camp, a dental practitioner should be well aware of the prevention and treatment practices to manage patients experiencing syncope with available limited resources. The present article summarizes such treatment guidelines for efficient management of syncope in dental camps till the medical emergency unit arrive thus facilitating better health care delivery.
Prevalence of Caries and Periodontal Disease in Betel Quid Chewers in Relation to Gender
Authors: Wali A , Siddiqui TM , Taqi M , Niazi N , LNU Rizwaullah 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in betel quid chewers in relation to gender and to determine the treatment need and priorities in Betel quid chewers attending Baqai Dental College.

Material and Method
A cross sectional study conducted among patients selected from the out patient department of Baqai Dental College Karachi. A total of 100 patients aged between 22 to 60 years participated in the study. Patients with consumption of minimum seven betel quid since at least 6 months were included. Informed consent was obtained before the study began and each patient completed a questionnaire. The purpose of which was to access and obtain the information about the betel quid habits. Patients were asked to proceed for an oral examination as soon as they had finished filling the questionnaire. Reliability and validity of data was analyzed by chi square test using SPSS 19.0 version.

Result
A Total of 100 patients were examined in this survey. The total number of sound teeth in males was 443(84%) and total number of teeth with decay was 85(16%). The total number of sound teeth in females was 207(76%) and total number of teeth with decay was 65(24%). Female subjects showed 61% of pocket 4-5mm, mostly observed in lower right first molar. In males 4-5mm pocket was 80%, Bleeding on probing was 1% in females and 4% in males. Pocket greater than 6mm was 27% in females and 16% in males.

Conclusion
The present study concluded that effect of dental caries in betel quid chewers is less. A high prevalence rate of periodontal disease was found in betel quid chewers.
Usefulness of Oral Exfoliative Cytology in Dental Practice
Authors: Saxena S , Kaur M , Samantha YP , Chawla G , Yadav G 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTEarly detection of oral cancers is not easy, because oral precancerous lesions and early oral cancers can mimic many benign conditions in the mouth, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. There is a need to emphasize the early diagnosis of oral cancers in order to reduce the unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Oral exfoliative cytology can be a powerful tool for early detection of malignant and premalignant lesions as well as for some viral and fungal infections. The use of oral exfoliative cytology in clinical practice declined due to the subjective nature of its interpretation and because there may be only a small number of abnormal cells identifiable in a smear. The more recent application of quantitative techniques, together with advances in immunocytochemistry, has refined the potential role of cytology, stimulating a reappraisal of its value in the diagnosis of oral cancer. The limitations of the method should be thoroughly understood and appreciated by the dental clinician. The aim of the publication is to encourage maximum participation of dental professional in early detection and control of oral cancer by means of early diagnosis through use of cytological smear.
Prevalence and Relationship Between Dental Caries, Diet and Nutrition, Socioeconomic Status and Oral Hygiene Habits in Children Using Laser Fluorescence Device (Diagnodent)
Authors: Kumar A , Goel M , Dutta S , Namdev R , Mehta R , Hooda A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The study assessed the incidence of dental caries in first permanent molars, evaluate and compare caries activity between upper and lower first permanent molar and evaluates the effect of various variables on the incidence.

Materials and Methods
Caries were detected using DIAGNOdent as a valuable adjunct to clinical examination. The visual appearance of the site recorded using the criteria proposed by Ekstrand et al.

Results
Out of total teeth examined, 50.17% were affected by dental caries and 49.90% teeth had no carious lesion. Out of affected teeth enamel caries consisted of 108 (20.69%) teeth, outer half dentin caries affected 101(19.35%) teeth and 53(10.15%) teeth showed dentin caries extended to inner half of teeth. Further significant associations were noted in between different variables.

Conclusions
An early preventive program at the age of 6-7 years reduced caries incidence in permanent molars.