bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENYARINGAN AIR KERUH MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR LDR DAN BLUETOOTH HC-05 SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGONTROLAN GUNA MENINGKATKAN MUTU KEBERSIHAN AIR DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Aritonang Michael Dudikof , Perdana Prasetya Perwira Putra 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRAK
Kesehatan merupakan kondisi fisik seseorang berjalan dengan baik dan normal.kesehatan dapat diperngaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal,air merupakan salah satu dari faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan,oleh karena itu sumber air untuk kebutuhan manusia haruslah bersih dan jernih serta bebas dari bahaya bakteri, mikroorganisme, logam berat , tingkat keasamaan, dan juga ph yang standard.. Oleh karena itu perancangan penyaring air keruh menggunakan module HC-05 sebagai media pengontrol alat guna meningkatkan mutu air di lingkungan sekolah yaitu SDN 011 TANJUNGPINANG TIMUR, inovasi ini berguna untuk mencegah pengguna air terjangkit oleh berbagai macam penyakit. Proses filtrasi air mempunyai beberapa tahapan yaitu module HC-05 akan menerima data dari android untuk menghidupkan pompa air, kemudian pompa air akan mentrasfer air ke filter guna menyaring kotoran,hasil penyaringan akan dialiri ke sumber air itu juga, lampu LED berwarna hijau sebagai indikator proses filterasi sedang berjalan,dan menggunakan lampu LED merah sebagai indikator alat sedang tidak beroperasi.Selain sederhana inovasi ini juga hamat daya karna menggunakan energi listrik yang sangat rendah sehingga lebih hemat energi,selain itu juga inovasi ini sangat berguna untuk menjernihkan air sehingga pengguna air di lingkungan sekitar tidak ragu dalam menggunakan air.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan, Kejernihan, Air, Filterasi, Lingkungan Sekolah

ABSTRACT
Health is a physical condition of a person running well and normally. Health can be influenced by internal and external factors. Water is an external factor that can affect health, therefore water sources for human must be clean from the dangers of bacteria, microorganisms, heavy metals, the level of acidity, and also the standard ph. Therefore the design of turbid water filters uses the HC-05 module as a tool to control the prototype to improve water quality in the school, namely SDN 011 TANJUNGPINANG TIMUR. This innovation is useful to prevent water users from being infected by various diseases. The water filtration process has several stages, HC-05 module will receive data from android to turn on the water pump, then the water pump will transfer water to filter to filter impurities, the filtering results will be fed to the water source too, green LED lights as an indicator of the filtration process is running, and uses a red LED light as a tool indicator is not operating. In addition to this simple innovation also has power because it uses very low electrical energy so it is more energy efficient, besides that this innovation is very useful to purify water so that users of water in the surrounding environment no doubt in using water.
Keywords: Health, Clarity, Water, Filtration, School Enviroment
Sagittal diffusion-weighted imaging in preventing the false-negative diagnosis of acute brainstem infarction: Confirmation of the benefit by anatomical characterization of false-negative lesions
Authors: Takeshige Nobuyuki , Aoki Takachika , Sakata Kiyohiko , Kajiwara Soushou , Negoto Tetsuya , Nagase Satoshi , Tanoue Syuichi , Uchiyama Yusuke , Hirohata Masaru , Abe Toshi , Morioka Motohiro 
Published: September 2019

Background:
In some cases of acute brainstem infarction (BI), standard axial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) does not show a lesion, leading to false-negative (FN) diagnoses. It is important to recognize acute BI accurately and promptly to initiate therapy as soon as possible.

Methods:
Of the 171 patients with acute cerebral infarctions in our institution who were examined, 16 were diagnosed with true-positive BI (TP-BI) and six with FN-BI. We evaluated the effectiveness of sagittal DWI in accurately diagnosing acute BI and sought to find the cause of its effectiveness by the anatomical characterization of FN-BIs.

Results:
Considering the direction of the brainstem perforating arteries, we supposed that sagittal DWI might more effectively detect BIs than axial DWI. We found that sagittal DWI detected all FN-BIs more clearly than axial DWI. The mean time between the onset of symptoms and initial DWI was significantly longer in the TP group (17.6 ± 5.5 h) than in the FN group (5.0 ± 1.2 h; P < 0.0001). The lesion volumes were much smaller in FN-BIs (259 ± 82 mm3) than in TP-BIs (2779 ± 767 mm3; P = 0.0007). FN-BIs had a significant inverse correlation with the ventrodorsal length of infarcts (FN 3.5 ± 1.1 mm, TP 11.4 ± 3.6 mm; P < 0.0004) and no correlation with other size parameters such as rostrocaudal thickness and lateral width.

Conclusion:
Anatomical characterization clearly confirmed that the addition of sagittal DWI to the initial axial DWI in suspected cases of BI ensures its accurate diagnosis and improves the patient’s prognosis.
Working Conditions Of Teachers Of Elementary Schools In The Valley Districts Of Manipur
Authors: Devi N. Nomika , Premika Devi Nongmeikapam 
Published: September 2019

Working conditions of teachers include many tangible and intangible factors such as proper sanitary conditions, arrangements for good air and water, provision for adequate resting places, quite atmosphere, good climate, proper lighting, and cordial relations between the workers and the head with smooth liaison between the two. The State Education Commission, Manipur 1992 observed that “Lack of even the minimum essential facilities in schools particularly elementary schools, is a serious handicap in raising the quality of school education in the state. The State Education Commission, Manipur also reported that the teachers are sore about their low emoluments, poor conditions of service and lack of even essential physical infrastructure and proper teaching-learning environment in most of the schools. The matter calls for serious attention. The objective is to study the overall working conditions of elementary school teachers in the valley districts of Manipur. The investigator selected representative sample of 96 schools from different managements on the basis of stratified cluster sampling technique. Working conditions questionnaire were administered to 600 teachers. It was found 23% of the respondents reported that they do not have toilet facilities. It was reported that 42.17% teachers had insufficient numbers of teachers in their respective schools. Majority of the respondents (59%) reported that salaries were not paid in time. . Majority of the elementary teachers did not have computer knowledge (62.67%). It was also found that 32.5% did not teach their concern subject. In terms of using teaching aids (65.33%) and preparing lesson-plan(100%), the responses were high. 75.67% of teachers reported to have cordial relationship among the teachers. Only 37.33% of teachers have computer knowledge and 14.17% respondents used computer in teaching. In the age of technology the use of computer is a must. Majority of the elementary teachers did not have computer knowledge (62.67%).
Analisis Pembelajaran PKLH Secara Terintegrasi Dengan Pelajaran Lain Di SMP
Authors: Lullulangi Mithen 
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the success of the program of Population and Environmental Education (PKLH) especially to evaluate the three main shutter in PKLH, ie cognitive shutter, affective shutter, and psychomotor shutter taught in an integrated manner with other subjects in Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), Negeri 1 Balla Kecamatan Balla Mamasa Regency. The population of this study is all students of SMP Negeri 1 Balla, which consists of Class VII = 97 people, Class VIII = 88 people, so the population = 185 people. The sample in this study was determined by 134 students, taken by probability proportionate stratified random sampling. The research variables are: 1) The domain of thinking process (cognitive domain), 2) Affective domain and 3) the psychomotor domain of PKLH material. The data in this research is the result of the test to the respondent, that is the test done to know the knowledge, attitude, and skill of the students about things related to PKLH material. Data were analyzed descriptively and multiple regression using SPSS software as a tool. The results showed that: 1) The domain of the thinking process (cognitive domain), is in the low category, 2) Affective domain is in the medium category, and 3) The psychomotor domain is in the medium category. In addition, the result of multiple regression analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the variables of thinking process and the sphere of attitude toward the skill domain, with an influence value of 68.4% about PKLH material.
Pencemaran Udara Akibat Gas Buang Kendaraan Bermotor Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kesehatan
Authors: Haruna Haruna , Lahming Lahming , Amir Faizal , Asrib Ahmad Rifqi 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT. This study aims: to describe the composition and behavior of exhaust gases of motorized vehicles that can have an impact on human health. Based on the results of a theoretical study of various information that the main pollutants in motor vehicle exhaust gases are carbon monoxide (CO), hindrocarbon compounds, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur (SOx), and dust particulates including lead (PB). Chemical reactions in the atmosphere sometimes take place in a long and complex reaction chain, and produce an end product that can be more active or weaker than the original compound. Motor vehicle exhaust gases which have an impact on health are classified as follows; (1). Pollutants which mainly interfere with the respiratory tract. Included in this group are sulfur oxides, particulates, nitrogen oxides, ozone and other oxides, (2). Pollutants that cause systemic poisons, such as monoxide and lead / lead hydrocarbons, (3). Pollutants suspected of causing cancer such as hydrocarbons, (4). Conditions that interfere with comfort such as noise, street dust, etc. So the conclusion is that in anticipating the negative impacts caused by motor vehicle exhaust gases, the role of the government in setting several regulations and policies in the environmental field is needed, where every business or activity is prohibited from violating the quality standards and standard criteria of environmental damage set by government. ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan: menguraikan tentang komposisi dan perilaku gas buangan kendaraan bermotor yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan manusia. Berdasarkan hasil kajian teori dari berbagai informasi bahwa bahan pencemar yang utama didalam gas buangan kendaraan bermotor adalah karbon monoksida (CO), senyawa hindrokarbon, oksida nitrogen (NOx) dan sulfur (SOx), dan partikulat debu termasuk timbel (PB). Reaksi kimia di atmosfer kadangkala berlangsung dalam suatu rantai reaksi yang panjang dan rumit, dan menghasilkan produk akhir yang dapat lebih aktif atau lebih lemah dibandingkan senyawa aslinya. Gas buang kendaraan bermotor yang berdampak pada kesehatan digolongkan sebagai berikut; (1). Bahan – bahan pencemar yang terutama mengganggu saluran pernafasan. Yang termasuk dalam golongan ini adalah oksida sulfur, partikulat, oksida nitrogen, ozon dan oksida lainnya, (2). Bahan– bahan pencemar yang menimbulkan pengaruh racun sistemik, seperti hidrokarbon monoksida dan timbel/timah hitam, (3).Bahan-bahan pencemar yang dicurigai menimbulkan kanker seperti hidrokarbon, (4). Kondisi yang mengganggu kenyamanan seperti kebisingan, debu jalanan, dll. Sehingga kesimpulannya bahwa dalam mengantisipasi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh gas buangan kendaraan bermotor, maka peran pemerintah dalam menetapkan beberapa peraturan dan kebijaksanaan di bidang lingkungan hidup sangat dibutuhkan, dimana setiap usaha atau kegiatan dilarang melanggar baku mutu dan kriteria baku kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah.
The study of immunity dysfunction and high susceptibility of infections in patients with diabetes and pre-diabetes: A prescription based study
Authors: Rafique Kiran , Nesar Shagufta , Iftikhar Sobia , Saify Zafar Saied , Raza Aleeza , Hassan Alisha , Rizvi Alina 
Published: September 2019

Background: Diabetes, being the most prevalent co-morbidity associated with various metabolic complaints and is considered as the principal emerging health issue of 21st century. As along with conformist complications, the disease due to having immuno-deficiency characteristics that leads to low functioning of T-cells and neutrophils consequently becomes highly accountable for frequent infections. The present study was conducted to analyze the co-morbidity of infections with diabetes and to describe and control the foremost complications of infectious diseases and their management allied with this metabolic disorder.
Methodology: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted in the diabetic clinics of public and private sector hospitals of Karachi. 170 diabetic patients were included in the study, 26 were tested to be pre-diabetic and while the remaining 144 were not only diabetic also on antibiotics. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 17.
Results: The data of study reveals that the frequency of infection was found utmost in diabetic patients, as the antibiotics prescription rate and antiseptic utilization for treating various infections was increased among these cases. As among 144 diabetic patients 50% were found to have frequent infection as were often prescribe antibiotics.
Conclusion: We concluded, severe hyperglycemia can drastically alter body immune response against pathogens, that strongly favors the deprived outcomes and severe complications. Health care professionals are required to encourage the patients to follow the recommendations and guidelines to reduce the morbidity of diabetes along with infection and prescribe drugs of choice for the management of pathogenic bacteria at early phase to avoid the severity of pathogenicity and recommendation of supplements and medicine that enhances the immunity must be enforced.
ASAL USUL ILMU QIRA’AT
Authors: Sitorus Iwan Romadhan 
Published: September 2019

Ilmu qiraat termasuk salah satu disiplin ilmu yang sangat penting untuk dipelajari dan salah satu elemen penting dalam memahami Al-Quran, sebab diskursus ini berpengaruh dalam beberapa disiplin ilmu seperti linguistik, Tauhid (teologi), fikih, tafsir, , Nahu – Shorof (siktaksis-morfologi) dan disiplin disiplin ilmu lainnya. Ketika berbagai disiplin ilmu mulai dikodifikasikan , tidak terkecuali dengan ilmu qiraat , Abu Ubaid Al- Qosim Ibn Salam (w :244 H) mempelopori kodifikasi ilmu ini sebagai satu disiplin ilmu tersendiri. Setelah itu Ulama berlomba-lomba menuangkan karya monumental mereka dalam bidang qiraat baik itu dalam bentuk prosa (natsr) atau syair (nadzm).
KONSEP SAKINAH, MAWADDAH DAN RAHMAH DALAM PERNIKAHAN
Authors: Kusmidi Henderi Kusmidi 
Published: September 2019

Perkawinan merupakan bagian dari ajaran Islam. Siapa yang menghindari perkawinan berarti ia telah meninggalkan sebagian dari ajaran agamanya. Disamping itu perkawinan dapat menghindarkan diri dari perbuatan zina. Islam melarang ummatnya melepaskan naluri seksual secara bebas tidak terkendali. Karena itulah Islam mengharamkan perbuatan zina dengan segala hal yang mengantarkannya dan segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengannya. Pada saat yang sama Islam memerangi kecenderungan sebaliknya yaitu kecenderungan yang melawan naluri dan mengekangnya. Karena itulah ia menyerukan kepada perkawinan, melarang kecenderungan melajang terus dan mengebiri diri. Tidak halal bagi seorang muslim berpaling dari perkawinan, pada hal ia mampu melakukannya dengan alasan konsentrasi untuk beribadah, menjauhi dari dunia dan mengabdi secara penuh kepada Allah SWT.
Communication Model Of Siak Children’s Forum Cohesiveness In Actualizing Siak Child-Friendly City
Authors: Yohana Nova , Nor M , Hardianti Fitri , Harahap Tuti Khairani 
Published: September 2019

The Siak Children’s Forum (FASI) is a children's organization organized by the government of Siak Regency to bridge communication and interaction between government and children in order to fulfill the rights of children’s participation and empowerment in a development policy program of Siak Regency as a child-friendly city. This study is conducted in order to inform and analyze the participation and communication of cohesiveness to achieve empowerment in a development policy of child-friendly city in Siak Regency. The research is qualitative with collecting data methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. The result objective of this research is to show the world that FASI as the sponsor for fulfilling and empowering childrens’ rights in participation is having an active participation to share and think of social participation and an interest in participation. FASI group cohesiveness is clearly seen from members’ intensive interaction, loyalty and communication in the forum through face-to-face communication or virtual network communication of all channels as the efforts to actualize and fulfill children’s rights in Siak Regency.
Financial Literacy Model at Micro Small Medium Entreprise (MSMEs)
Authors: Widiyati Sri , Wijayanto Edi , Prihartiningsih Prihartiningsih 
Published: September 2019

Financial literacy level of MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) is only 15.68% and majority of the actors are unbanked. The level of MSMEs actors’ financial literacy is important in business sustainability. This study aims to measure level of MSMEs financial literacy and determine its correlation with demographic and economic variables as well as designing models to increase the literacy.Results show that 51 (25.5%) actors of MSMEs have low literacy level, 105 (52.5%) have moderate level, and the rest of 44 (22%) have high literacy level. Contingency Coefficient of <0.6 indicates that demographic and socioeconomic correlation is less strong in level of literacy.
The Effectiveness of Group Counseling to Improve Students’ Social Skill in Telkom University Bandung
Authors: Qana'a Mutia , Nawangsih Endah 
Published: September 2019

This study aims to see the effectiveness of group counseling in improving student social skills. Many students complain about social problems such as the difficulty to get along with and be accepted in the campus which is a new environment for them. These problems will impact on students' psychological conditions such as the decline of learning motivation, inferior feeling and even intention to resign. One of the campuses that were examined in this study was Telkom University Campus. Based on student unit data, the rate of student resign is increasing which it is a challenge for the institution. One of ways to handle student problems on psychosocial aspects such as unsociable and having no social skill is by establishing and consulting to group counseling. The group can be one of media in dealing with adolescent social problems because the task of adolescents’ development is to have peer groups. This research used Quasi Experimental method with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design, and the research subject was Telkom University student. Based on the Wilcoxon Statistics test, it showed that the Z value is -2.023 with a significance level of ᾳ = 0.05, which means the group counseling improved social skills of Telkom University students.
Development and Certification of Calcium Chloride Casein Reference Standard
Authors: Sukhanova S. M. , Volkova R. A. , Zakharova N. E. , Fadeikina O. V. 
Published: September 2019

In accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, 14th edition, Clostridium novyi 198 test strain is used to determine growth promoting properties of thioglycollate medium when testing sterility of immunobiological medicinal products. The preservation of C. novyi 198 as spores requires a special liquid medium containing insoluble calcium chloride casein (CChC). At present, there is no reference standard available on the Russian market for the quality control of CChC used as a component of the media for preservation of C. novyi 198.The aim of the study was to develop and certify the first batch of calcium chloride casein industry reference standard (IRS) for the quality control of CChC batches and liquid media containing CChC which is used to preserve C. novyi 198 as spores.Materials and methods: thermally denatured CChC which was chemically synthesized from industrial CChC was used as candidate material. The quality control was performed using the test procedures described in procedural guidelines MUK 4.2.2316-08. C. novyi 198 spores were obtained as described in the «Sterility testing» section of MUK 4.2.2316-08 (preparation, inoculation and incubation in the medium containing calcium chloride casein IRS).Results: a list of quality parameters was developed for calcium chloride casein IRS: «Spore formation» (certifiable parameter), «Appearance», «Loss on drying», «Clarity of medium». The first batch of the candidate calcium chloride casein IRS was certified. The value of the «Spore formation» certifiable parameter was found to be (32.6 ± 7.3) %, the IRS shelf life was 5 years when stored in a dry place protected from light at a temperature of 15 to 25 °C. A documentation package for the IRS 4228-444-2018 was prepared and approved. The liquid medium containing CChC reference material (0.3 g/10 mL) allows for preservation of the biological properties of the C. novyi 198 working culture for at least 12 months.Conclusions: the certification results demonstrate that the calcium chloride casein IRS meets the applicable requirements and can be used as reference material to control the quality of new CChC batches and to assess the suitability of liquid medium containing CChC for preservation purposes. The use of the calcium chloride casein IRS makes it possible to standardise and greatly simplify the procedure for preserving the stability of C. novyi 198, to increase the efficiency and reliability of immunobiologicals quality control in terms of Sterility, and to reduce costs when using a freeze-dried strain.
Self-Reported Oral Hygiene Habits amongst Visually Impaired Students
Authors: Nayak Prahi , Mathur Aditi , Shetty Neema , Makhijani Barkha , Bali Ashish , Manohar Balaji 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Good oral hygiene provides a basis for good oral health and is important for prevention and treatment of oral conditions in children. Hence, it is essential to provide knowledge and treatment at regular intervals to the visually impaired individuals.
Objective: To evaluate the oral hygiene practices of visually impaired students attending a blind school with the help of a questionnaire.
Methods: The oral hygiene practices were evaluated in visually impaired students between the ages of 6 years to 22 years. A total of 92 students were enrolled from a blind school in Udaipur. The oral hygiene practice was assessed by a questionnaire survey.
Results: About 96.7% of the students brushed their teeth daily out of which 94.3% brushed their teeth with the help of a toothbrush and toothpaste. Majority of them brushed once a day in the morning. A total of 39.1% of the students cleaned their tongue also. All the students brushed alone without any guidance or supervision.
Conclusion: Although the blind students cannot see, they still practice good oral hygiene.