bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Mixture Analysis to Crude Materials from Natural Resources (III)[1]: NMR Spectral Studies to Analyze Chalcones from Angelica keiskei
Authors: Fukuda Eriko , Baba Masaki , Uesawa Yoshihiro , Kamo Osamu , Arifuku Kazunori , Tsubono Koji , Okada Yoshihito 
Published: March 2019

This study presents the application of the NMR-based analyses, DOSY and ROSY, to the chalcones, xanthoangelol (1) and 4-hydroxyderricin (2) from Angelica keiskei. We investigated whether virtual separation and structural information from each compound can be obtained. DOSY displays spectra of (1) and (2) in one dimension and diffusion spectra in the other. And the 1H slice spectra were analyzed in detail by comparison with authentic samples previously isolated from the same material. The resulting ROSY spectrum clearly showed two distinct peaks in the 1H T1 dimension. Each slice of the ROSY spectrum along the 13C dimension contains over-lapped signals, which are difficult to assign at this time. The result of our experiments shows that DOSY and ROSY are very useful as methods for various kinds of mixture analyses to crude natural materials.
Primary Hip Arthroscopic Surgery With Labral Reconstruction: Is There a Difference Between an Autograft and Allograft?
Authors: Maldonado David R. , Lall Ajay C. , Laseter Joseph R. , Kyin Cynthia , Chen Jeffrey W. , Go Cammille C. , Domb Benjamin G. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Labral reconstruction has been described as a solution for the irreparable labrum. Initial techniques employed autografts, while more recent procedures have utilized allografts. No study, to our knowledge, has compared graft types. Purpose: To compare outcomes between patients who underwent primary labral reconstruction with a hamstring allograft versus hamstring autograft. Hypothesis: No significant differences in outcomes will be found between patients who underwent primary labral reconstruction with an allograft versus autograft. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data from September 2010 to March 2015 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were primary hip arthroscopic surgery with labral reconstruction using either a hamstring allograft (ALLO group) or autograft (AUTO group), with minimum 2-year follow-up scores for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sports-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Exclusion criteria were previous ipsilateral hip surgery, previous hip conditions, preoperative Tönnis osteoarthritis grade >1, and workers’ compensation claims. Significance was set at P = .05. Results: Twenty-nine patients (29 hips) were included (85.3% follow-up). There were 17 patients (17 hips) in the ALLO group and 12 patients (12 hips) in the AUTO group. All patient-reported outcome scores demonstrated significant improvements at latest follow-up except for the mHHS for the AUTO group ( P = .064). Comparisons between the ALLO and AUTO groups at the preoperative and latest follow-up time points showed no significant differences (preoperative mean [range]: mHHS, 67.5 [33.0-100.0] and 65.8 [29.0-96.0], respectively [ P = .826]; NAHS, 65.6 [26.3-92.5] and 58.5 [35.0-79.0], respectively [ P = .322]; HOS-SSS, 43.7 [12.5-100.0] and 40.1 [19.0-78.0], respectively [ P = .707]) (latest follow-up mean [range]: mHHS, 86.4 [56.0-100.0] and 81.4 [57.0-100.0], respectively [ P = .46]; NAHS, 87.7 [60.0-100.0] and 82.4 [56.3-100.0], respectively [ P = .396]; HOS-SSS, 81.7 [0.0-100.0] and 70.9 [27.8-100.0], respectively [ P = .423]). Conclusion: Primary arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction yielded improvements in patient-reported outcome scores and high patient satisfaction. In this small series, no differences were found in clinical outcomes between hamstring allografts and autografts. Based on these results, hamstring allografts and autografts may be considered comparable graft choices for primary reconstruction. Because of the avoidance of donor site morbidity and the possible increase in patient satisfaction, allografts may be the preferred choice in a surgical setting when they are accessible.
Women’s Values and Preferences Regarding Osteoporosis Treatments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barrionuevo Patricia , Gionfriddo Michael R , Castaneda-Guarderas Ana , Zeballos-Palacios Claudia , Bora Pavithra , Mohammed Khaled , Benkhadra Khalid , Sarigianni Maria , Murad Mohammad Hassan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Several treatments are available to reduce the risk of fragility fractures associated with osteoporosis. The choice of treatment requires knowledge of patients’ values and preferences. The aim of the present study was to summarize what is known about the values and preferences relevant to the management of osteoporosis in women.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases for studies reported in any language that had included women who had already started or were about to start any pharmacological therapy for osteoporosis. Pairs of reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The results were synthesized narratively.

Results
We included 26 studies reporting on 15,348 women (mean age, 66 years). The women considered the effectiveness and adverse events equally, followed by the convenience of taking the drug and its effect on daily routine (less frequent dosing was preferred, the oral route was preferred, and the injectable route was preferred over oral if given less frequently). The treatment cost and duration were less important factors for decision making. Fear of breast cancer and fear of resuming uterine bleeding were common reasons for not choosing estrogen therapy. Calcium and vitamin D were viewed as safe and natural. Across the studies, the preferences were not affected by age, previous drug exposure, or employment status.

Conclusions
Women starting osteoporosis medications value effectiveness and side effects equally and prefer medications given less frequently. Injectable drugs appear acceptable if given less frequently. More research on patient values and preferences is needed to guide decision making in osteoporosis.
Lipid-Lowering Agents in Older Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Ponce Oscar J , Larrea-Mantilla Laura , Hemmingsen Bianca , Serrano Valentina , Rodriguez-Gutierrez Rene , Spencer-Bonilla Gabriela , Alvarez-Villalobos Neri , Benkhadra Khaled , Haddad Abdullah , Gionfriddo Michael R , Prokop Larry J , Brito Juan P , Murad Mohammad Hassan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of lipid-lowering agents on patient-important outcomes in older individuals is unclear.MethodsWe included randomized trials that enrolled individuals aged 65 years or older and that included at least 1 year of follow-up.Pairs of reviewers selected and appraised the trials.ResultsWe included 23 trials that enrolled 60,194 elderly patients. For primary prevention, statins reduced the risk of coronary artery disease [CAD; relative risk (RR): 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.91] and myocardial infarction (MI; RR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.66) but not all-cause or cardiovascular mortality or stroke. These effects were imprecise in patients with diabetes, but there was no significant interaction between diabetes status and the intervention effect. For secondary prevention, statins reduced all-cause mortality (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.89), cardiovascular mortality (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.58 to 0.79), CAD (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.77), MI (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.79), and revascularization (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.77). Intensive (vs less-intensive) statin therapy reduced the risk of CAD and heart failure. Niacin did not reduce the risk of revascularization, and fibrates did not reduce the risk of stroke, cardiovascular mortality, or CAD.ConclusionHigh-certainty evidence supports statin use for secondary prevention in older individuals. Evidence for primary prevention is less certain. Data in older individuals with diabetes are limited; however, no empirical evidence has shown a significant difference based on diabetes status.
Procedural Challenges During Intubation in Patients With Oropharyngeal Masses: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Bryan Yvon F. , Morgan Amelia G. , Johnson Kathleen N. , Harris Hannah M. , May Joseph , Whelan Deborah M. , Tung Avery 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:
In patients who undergo surgery for oropharyngeal masses, intubation is almost always successful. However, technical aspects of airway management, including bag mask ventilation and oxygenation, may still be difficult. Although rates of airway difficulty and intubation success in these patients have been studied, these data may not reflect difficulty with individual components of the intubation process. We hypothesized that rates of complications with individual elements of the intubation process would not be reflected in the rate of eventual intubation success. To test our hypothesis, we observed the process of airway management and resulting complications with oxygenation and bag mask ventilation in patients with oropharyngeal masses undergoing otorhinolaryngology procedures under general anesthesia.

METHODS:
Forty-four patients with oropharyngeal masses scheduled for surgery were observed during the process of airway management. Observers recorded the number of airway devices used, the overall number of intubation attempts, the number and type of manual maneuvers required during bag mask ventilation, and the incidence of oxygen desaturation. The eventual intubation success rate was also recorded.

RESULTS:
All 44 patients (100%; 95% CI, 92%–100%) were successfully intubated. Thirty-six (81.8%) of 44 patients were intubated asleep and 8 (18.2%) of 44 were intubated awake using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Thirty-one (86.1%) of 36 patients who were intubated asleep received bag mask ventilation before intubation, while the other 5 patients underwent a rapid sequence induction. Twenty-seven (61.4%) of 44 patients (95% CI, 45%–75%) had ≥1 complication during airway management. Ten (23%) of 44 patients (95% CI, 11%–37%) required ≥3 attempts to intubate, 21 (68%) of 31 patients (95% CI, 49%–83%) had difficult mask ventilation, and 15 patients (34%; 95% CI, 20%–50%) experienced desaturation (oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry, <95%).

CONCLUSIONS:
We found that, although all patients were successfully intubated, clinicians frequently encountered complications with both intubation and mask ventilation. These complications required frequent use of additional manual maneuvers during mask ventilation and a high incidence of oxygen desaturation. The difficulty of airway management in patients with oropharyngeal masses may not be effectively assessed by success rate alone.
Association of Testosterone Replacement Therapy and the Incidence of a Composite of Postoperative In-Hospital Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Men Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Argalious Maged Y. , Steib John , Daskalakis Nikolas , Mao Guangmei , Li Minwei , Armanyous Sherif , Roselli Eric 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:
Data on testosterone replacement therapy and cardiovascular outcomes are conflicting, with the Food and Drug Administration requiring prescription testosterone preparations to indicate a possible increased cardiovascular risk. Whether patients on testosterone replacement therapy undergoing cardiac surgery have an increased risk of postoperative in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events remains unknown. We therefore sought to identify the impact of testosterone replacement on the incidence of a composite of postoperative in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events in men undergoing cardiac surgery.

METHODS:
After institutional review board approval, data from male American Society of Anesthesiologists III/IV patients ≥40 years of age who underwent cardiac surgery between May 2005 and March 2017 at the Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland, OH) main campus were included. The primary exposure was preoperative testosterone use. The primary outcome was a collapsed composite of postoperative in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism. The secondary outcome was a collapsed composite of minor cardiovascular events, including postoperative rhythm disturbance requiring permanent device, atrial fibrillation, and deep venous thrombosis. We compared patients who received testosterone and those who did not, using propensity score matching within surgical procedure matches. Moreover, as a sensitivity analysis, we used a multivariable logistic regression model to assess the association between testosterone replacement therapy and major or minor cardiovascular events adjusted for potential baseline and intraoperative confounders by including all eligible patients.

RESULTS:
Among 20,604 patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria, 301 patients who used testosterone routinely within 1 month before the surgery were matched to 1505 of 20,303 patients who did not use testosterone. Among the matched cohort, 8 (2.7%) patients in the testosterone group and 45 (3.0%) in the nontestosterone group had ≥1 major cardiovascular adverse event after surgery. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.41–1.90; P = .756), comparing testosterone to nontestosterone patients. As for the secondary outcomes, 89 (30%) patients in the testosterone group and 525 (35%) patients in the nontestosterone group had ≥1 minor cardiovascular event. The odds of minor events were not significantly different, with an odds ratio of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.60–1.02; P = .074) comparing testosterone to nontestosterone patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative testosterone is not associated with a statistically significant increased incidence of a composite of postoperative in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events after cardiac surgery.
Radtools: R utilities for convenient extraction of medical image metadata
Authors: Russell Pamela H. , Ghosh Debashis 
Published: March 2019

The radiology community has adopted several widely used standards for medical image files, including the popular DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) and NIfTI (Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative) standards. These file formats include image intensities as well as potentially extensive metadata. The NIfTI standard specifies a particular set of header fields describing the image and minimal information about the scan. DICOM headers can include any of >4,000 available metadata attributes spanning a variety of topics. NIfTI files contain all slices for an image series, while DICOM files capture single slices and image series are typically organized into a directory. Each DICOM file contains metadata for the image series as well as the individual image slice. The programming environment R is popular for data analysis due to its free and open code, active ecosystem of tools and users, and excellent system of contributed packages. Currently, many published radiological image analyses are performed with proprietary software or custom unpublished scripts. However, R is increasing in popularity in this area due to several packages for processing and analysis of image files. While these R packages handle image import and processing, no existing package makes image metadata conveniently accessible. Extracting image metadata, combining across slices, and converting to useful formats can be prohibitively cumbersome, especially for DICOM files. We present radtools, an R package for convenient extraction of medical image metadata. Radtools provides simple functions to explore and return metadata in familiar R data structures. For convenience, radtools also includes wrappers of existing tools for extraction of pixel data and viewing of image slices. The package is freely available under the MIT license at GitHub and is easily installable from the Comprehensive R Archive Network.
Case Report: Unprovoked venous thromboembolism in a young adult male
Authors: Dhabhar Jeyhan , Mehta Varshil , Desai Nimit , Dawoodi Sameer , Zaman Sojib Bin 
Published: March 2019

A 24-year-old male was presented to us with sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea for the past one hour. There was no history of calf pain, trauma, surgery, prolonged immobilization, long-haul air travel, bleeding diathesis or any other co-morbidity. The patient denied any addiction history. The heart rate was 114 beats/min, and blood pressure was 106/90 mmHg. Electrocardiogram showed tachycardia with S 1Q 3T 3 pattern. The left arterio-venous Doppler study was suggestive of a thrombus in popliteal vein and sapheno-popliteal junction. The CT-Pulmonary Angiogram scan was suggestive of a massive pulmonary thromboembolism. The patient was thrombolysed with Intravenous Alteplase immediately and was put on tab Rivaroxaban for maintenance. He was later discharged after being stable. Unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) is very rare and has the potential to lead to pulmonary embolism which could be disastrous, especially in young adults. We present such a case where unprovoked VTE was diagnosed and treated. This case suggests that high clinical suspicion is the key for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism, especially in the absence of history suggestive of deep vein thrombosis.
Mobile Targeting Using Customer Trajectory Patterns
Authors: Ghose Anindya , Li Beibei , Liu Siyuan 
Published: March 2019

Rapid improvements in the precision of mobile technologies now make it possible for advertisers to go beyond real-time static location and contextual information on consumers. In this paper we propose a novel “trajectory-based” targeting strategy for mobile recommendation that leverages detailed information on consumers’ physical-movement trajectories using fine-grained behavioral information from different mobility dimensions. To analyze the effectiveness of this new strategy, we designed a large-scale randomized field experiment in a large shopping mall that involved 83,370 unique user responses for a 14-day period in June 2014. We found that trajectory-based mobile targeting can, as compared with other baselines, lead to higher redemption probability, faster redemption behavior, and higher transaction amounts. It can also facilitate higher revenues for the focal store as well as the overall shopping mall. Moreover, the effect of trajectory-based targeting comes not only from improvements in the efficiency of customers’ current shopping processes but also from its ability to nudge customers toward changing their future shopping patterns and, thereby, generate additional revenues. Finally, we found significant heterogeneity in the impact of trajectory-based targeting. It is especially effective in influencing high-income consumers. Interestingly, however, it becomes less effective in boosting the revenues of the shopping mall during the weekends and for those shoppers who like to explore across products categories. Our overall findings suggest that highly targeted mobile promotions can have the inadvertent impact of reducing impulse-purchasing behavior by customers who are in an exploratory shopping stage. On a broader note, our work can be viewed as a first step toward the study of large-scale, fine-grained digital traces of individual physical behavior and how they can be used to predict—and market according to—individuals’ anticipated future behavior. This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
Sympathy Control: Sentimental Politics and Early European Aesthetics
Authors: Schweighauser Philipp 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This essay re-reads early American sentimental novels (Charlotte Temple, The Coquette, Emily Hamilton) through the lens of contemporaneous European aesthetics (Baumgarten, Schiller) to argue that American writers’ anxieties concerning the power of their work to either educate or deceive are more than defensive responses to the novel’s detractors. These anxieties are real: they testify to concerns about the reliability of sensuous perception that also haunt early European aestheticians. Once we realize this, we see that sentimental writers do not, as major theorists of sentimentalism claim, unconditionally affirm the expression of feelings. Instead, they advocate what I call sympathy control.
Aufstehen mit oder ohne #aufstehen?
Authors: Rucht Dieter 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Die Ausrufung der linken Sammlungsbewegung #aufstehen mit der Galionsfigur Sahra Wagenknecht hat weit über die Linkspartei hinaus Wellen geschlagen. Inzwischen lässt das mediale Interesse nach. Auch weicht die positive wie negative Erregung innerhalb linker Kreise einer abwartenden Haltung. Der zunächst rasante Zulauf hat sich verlangsamt. Vor diesem Hintergrund zieht der Beitrag eine erste Zwischenbilanz und wagt eine Prognose. Die These: Das Vorhaben einer „sozialen und demokratischen Erneuerungsbewegung“, das den Kriterien einer basisnahen und partizipatorischen Bewegung bislang zuwiderläuft, wird es bald mit den „Mühen der Ebenen“ zu tun haben und mittelfristig ins Stocken geraten. Dann kann für die InitiatorInnen der „Bewegung“ die ohnehin nicht ausgeschlossene Option einer neuen linken Partei attraktiv werden. Das würde ihnen zwar eine eigene Machtbasis verschaffen, aber das Zusammenrücken bereits bestehender linker und halblinker Parteien eher behindern.
Protestforschung zwischen allen Stühlen
Authors: Ullrich Peter 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Der Essay nimmt jüngere Angriffe auf die Protestforschung, sie sei staatliche „Gegnerkunde“, zum Anlass einer Analyse des Forschungsfeldes. Er geht der Frage nach der Berechtigung des Vorwurfs in zweierlei Hinsicht nach: Erstens werden die verschiedenen Beziehungsmuster zwischen den „Protestforscher*innen“ und ihrem Feld, die sich auf die Art der Wissensproduktion auswirken können, dargestellt. Entlang der Dimensionen „Positioniertheit“ und „Bewertung“ werden drei Grundtypen von Protestforscher*innen (Interessierte, Engagierte, Distanzierte) sowie diverse Randphänomene vorgestellt. Zweitens wird gezeigt, wie sich Protestforschung im Hinblick auf ihren gesellschaftlichen Nutzen, der in den harschen Kritiken kaum Beachtung findet, begründen lässt. Dafür werden wissenschaftliche, progressiv-bewegungsnahe und liberale Argumente angeführt. Dieser Nutzen steht aber unter dem Vorbehalt der Beachtung forschungsethischer Herausforderungen, die aus den spezifischen Ambivalenzen des Feldes der Protestforschung resultieren. Der Autor spricht sich im Fazit für eine transparente und selbstreflexive Protestforschung als soziologische Aufklärung für die Gesellschaft und die Bewegungen selbst aus und damit für eine Forschung, die gleichsam zwischen den Stühlen sitzt.
Vapor detection through dynamic process of molecule desorption from butterfly wings
Authors: Luo Zhen , Weng Zhaoyue , Shen Qingchen , An Shun , He Jiaqing , Fu Benwei , Zhang Ruoxi , Tao Peng , Song Chengyi , Wu Jianbo , Deng Tao , Shang Wen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This work explores an alternative vapor sensing mechanism through analyzing dynamic desorption process from butterfly wings for the differentiation of both individual and mixed vapors quantitatively. Morpho butterfly wings have been used in differentiating individual vapors, but it is challenging to use them for the differentiation of mixed vapor quantitatively. This paper demonstrates the use of Morpho butterfly wings for the sensitive and selective detection of closely related vapors in mixtures. Principal components analysis (PCA) is used to process the reflectance spectra of the wing scales during dynamic desorption of different vapors. With the desorption-based detection mechanism, individual vapors with different concentrations and mixed vapors with different mixing ratios can be differentiated using the butterfly wing based sensors. Both the original butterfly wings and butterfly wings with surface modification show the capability in distinguishing vapors in mixtures, which may offer a guideline for further improving selectivity and sensitivity of bioinspired sensors.