bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response characteristics of the resistivity and water content during the imbibition process in remolded coal without gas
Authors: Yue Jiwei , Wang Zhaofeng , Chen Jinsheng , Wang Bin , An Fenghua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe water content distribution in a coal body is closely related to the gas distribution. It is difficult to directly determine the water content distribution in the process water imbibition. To retrieve the water content by the resistivity value and establish a relationship between the resistivity and water content, the response characteristics of the resistivity and water content of remolded coal formed under different loads are studied by a self‐designed resistivity experimental system. The results show that the resistivity of the remolded coal decreases over time during the imbibition process, including a rapidly decreasing stage and a slowly decreasing stage. The resistivity of the remolded coal is related to the water in the macropore in the rapidly decreasing stage. In the slowly decreasing stage, the resistivity is related to the contact between coal particles. The pressing load, imbibition range, and imbibition speed are negatively correlated with porosity. The resistivity of the steady state is also negatively correlated with the water content and pressing load. The relationship between the resistivity of the steady state and the water content fit a power function. This study reveals the law of resistivity and the water content during the imbibition process and provides an effective methodology to bridge the gap for measuring water content distribution during the imbibition process.
Comparative Lethality of In ovo Exposure to PCB 126, PCB 77, and 2 Environmentally Relevant PCB Mixtures in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Dean Karen M. , Marcell Allegra M. , Baltos Leah D. , Carro Tiffany , Bohannon Meredith E.B. , Ottinger Mary Ann 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) egg bioassay was used to directly compare the toxicity of 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 3,3’,4,4’-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77), and 2 environmentally relevant polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures over specified dose ranges relative to vehicle and uninjected controls. Measures included lethality and deformities. Results showed clear dose-response relationships for PCB 126 and the 2 PCB mixtures by logistic analysis of covariance using a varying threshold model because there was a low but significant slope for mortality of vehicle controls over incubation. No dose-dependent increase in mortality was observed with PCB 77 treatment. Mortality increased above baseline for PCB 126 and the 2 mixtures after embryonic day 7 (ED07) to a stable slope from ED10. Median lethal doses and thresholds for response differed for PCB 126 and the 2 PCB mixtures, with the mixtures having lower initial toxicity and all showing progressively greater toxicity over the course of development. Further, the lethality of the PCB mixtures appeared to involve both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and non-AhR mechanisms. Incidence of deformities was unrelated to treatments. In summary, complex mixtures of PCBs were lethal in a dose-related manner, with sublethal effects from exposure to PCB 77. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2637–2650. © 2019 SETAC
Study on molecular mechanisms of nattokinase in pharmacological action based on label‐free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Pan Xia , Liang Pengyu , Teng Luyao , Ren Yuhao , Peng Jixian , Liu Weizhi , Yang Yan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of premature death and disability in people around the world. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of CVDs has become an important subject. In this study, we verified the thrombolytic activities of a nattokinase‐like protease named NK‐01 in vivo. Label‐free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) technique was used in our study. NK‐01 could inhibit the activity of coagulation factors though the up‐regulation of proteinase C inhibitors and protein S. NK‐01 also could inhibit the angiotensinogen conversion to AngII and promote the degradation of kininogen to reduce the blood pressure. In addition, NK‐01 could increase the content of paraoxonase 1, which could prevent atherosclerosis. In our study, we found that NK‐01 cloud effect some key proteins which participant in CVDs associated metabolic processes such as coagulation system, blood pressure, and atherosclerosis. Taken together, the underlying molecular mechanisms for the biological beneficial of NK‐01 were investigated. Our proteomic study will provide further theoretical basis for application of NK in prevention or adjuvant treatment in biomedicine areas.
Age‐dependent brain volume and neuropsychological changes after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Blommaert Jeroen , Schroyen Gwen , Vandenbulcke Mathieu , Radwan Ahmed , Smeets Ann , Peeters Ron , Sleurs Charlotte , Neven Patrick , Wildiers Hans , Amant Frédéric , Sunaert Stefan , Deprez Sabine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study investigated volumetric brain changes and cognitive performance in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients treated for early‐stage breast cancer. Participants underwent elaborate neurocognitive assessments (neuropsychological testing, cognitive failure questionnaire, and high‐resolution T1‐weighted structural MRI) before and after chemotherapy. Volumetric brain changes were estimated, using longitudinal deformation‐based morphometry, and correlated with cognitive changes. In total, 180 women participated in this study, of whom 72 patients with breast cancer had received adjuvant chemotherapy (C+), 49 patients did not receive chemotherapy (C−), and 59 healthy controls (HC). The population was categorized into two age groups: A young group who were premenopausal and younger than 52 years at baseline (n = 55C+/32C−/41HC), and an older group who were postmenopausal and older than 60 years (n = 17C+/17C−/18HC). Cognitive impairment occurred after chemotherapy in both young and older patients, although older patients showed more decline in processing speed (Trail making test b). White matter volume expansion was observed after chemotherapy, only significantly present in the younger subgroup of patients. In patients not treated with chemotherapy, diffuse gray and white matter volume reduction was observed. Less white matter expansion concurred with more cognitive decline (r > .349, p < .05). In conclusion, we found age‐dependent cognitive decline and white matter volume changes in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy, which could possibly be linked to neuroinflammatory processes. White matter expansion after chemotherapy, more pronounced in premenopausal patients, correlated with less cognitive decline. This suggests such expansion to be age‐dependent, possibly caused by a protective response in the younger brain to chemotherapy‐induced neurotoxicity.
Changing functional status within 6 months posttreatment is prognostic of overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer: NRG Oncology Study
Authors: Eldridge Ronald C. , Pugh Stephanie L. , Trotti Andy , Hu Kenneth , Spencer Sharon , Yom Sue S. , Rosenthal David , Read Nancy , Desai Anand , Gore Elizabeth , Shenouda George , Mishra Mark V. , Bruner Deborah , Xiao Canhua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundIs posttreatment functional status prognostic of overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsIn an HNC clinical trial, 495 patients had two posttreatment functional assessments measuring diet, public eating, and speech within 6 months. Patients were grouped by impairment (highly, moderately, modestly, or not impaired) and determined if they improved, declined, or did not change from the first assessment to the second. Multivariable Cox models estimated overall mortality.ResultsAcross all three scales, the change in posttreatment patient function strongly predicted overall survival. In diet, patients who declined to highly impaired had three times the mortality of patients who were not impaired at both assessments (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.60; 95% confidence interval, 2.02‐6.42). For patients improving from highly impaired, mortality was statistically similar to patients with no impairment (HR = 1.38; 95% CI, 0.82‐2.31).ConclusionsPosttreatment functional status is a strong prognostic marker of survival in patients with HNC.
Coupled rainfall and water vapour stable isotope time series reveal tropical atmospheric processes on multiple timescales
Authors: Munksgaard Niels C. , Zwart Costijn , Haig Jordahna , Cernusak Lucas A. , Bird Michael I. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigh‐frequency stable isotope data are useful for validating atmospheric moisture circulation models and provide improved understanding of the mechanisms controlling isotopic compositions in tropical rainfall. Here, we present a near‐continuous 6‐month record of O‐ and H‐isotope compositions in both water vapour and daily rainfall from Northeast Australia measured by laser spectroscopy. The data set spans both wet and dry seasons to help address a significant data and knowledge gap in the southern hemisphere tropics. We interpret the isotopic records for water vapour and rainfall in the context of contemporaneous meteorological observations. Surface air moisture provided near‐continuous tracking of the links between isotopic variations and meteorological events on local to regional spatial scales. Power spectrum analysis of the isotopic variation showed a range of significant periodicities, from hourly to monthly scales, and cross‐wavelet analysis identified significant regions of common power for hourly averaged water vapour isotopic composition and relative humidity, wind direction, and solar radiation. Relative humidity had the greatest subdiurnal influence on isotopic composition. On longer timescales (weeks to months), isotope variability was strongly correlated with both wind direction and relative humidity. The high‐frequency records showed diurnal isotopic variations in O‐ and H‐isotope compositions due to local dew formation and, for deuterium excess, as a result of evapotranspiration. Several significant negative isotope anomalies on a daily scale were associated with the activity of regional mesoscale convective systems and the occurrence of two tropical cyclones. Calculated air parcel back trajectories identified the predominant moisture transport paths from the Southwest Pacific Ocean, whereas moisture transport from northerly directions occurred mainly during the wet season monsoonal airflow. Water vapour isotope compositions reflected the same meteorological events as recorded in rainfall isotopes but provided much more detailed and continuous information on atmospheric moisture cycling than the intermittent isotopic record provided by rainfall. Improved global coverage of stable isotope data for atmospheric water vapour is likely to improve simulations of future changes to climate drivers of the hydrological cycle.
Associations of fat‐soluble micronutrients and redox biomarkers with frailty status in the FRAILOMIC initiative
Authors: Kochlik Bastian , Stuetz Wolfgang , Pérès Karine , Pilleron Sophie , Féart Catherine , García García Francisco José , Bandinelli Stefania , Gomez‐Cabrero David , Rodriguez‐Mañas Leocadio , Grune Tilman , Weber Daniela 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundA poor fat‐soluble micronutrient (FMN) and a high oxidative stress status are associated with frailty. Our aim was to determine the cross‐sectional association of FMNs and oxidative stress biomarkers [protein carbonyls (PrCarb) and 3‐nitrotyrosine] with the frailty status in participants older than 65 years.MethodsPlasma levels of vitamins A (retinol), D3, E (α‐tocopherol and γ‐tocopherol) and carotenoids (α‐carotene and β‐carotene, lycopene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and β‐cryptoxanthin), PrCarb, and 3‐nitrotyrosine were measured in 1450 individuals of the FRAILOMIC initiative. Participants were classified into robust, pre‐frail, and frail using Fried's frailty criteria. Associations between biomarkers and frailty status were assessed by general linear and logistic regression models, both adjusted for cohort, season of blood sampling, gender, age, height, weight, and smoking.ResultsRobust participants had significantly higher vitamin D3 and lutein/zeaxanthin concentrations than pre‐frail and frail subjects; had significantly higher γ‐tocopherol, α‐carotene, β‐carotene, lycopene, and β‐cryptoxanthin concentrations than frail subjects, and had significantly lower PrCarb concentrations than frail participants in multivariate linear models. Frail subjects were more likely to be in the lowest than in the highest tertile for vitamin D3 (adjusted odds ratio: 2.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.42–3.26), α‐tocopherol (2.12; 1.39–3.24), α‐carotene (1.69; 1.00–2.88), β‐carotene (1.84; 1.13–2.99), lycopene (1.94; 1.24–3.05), lutein/zeaxanthin (3.60; 2.34–5.53), and β‐cryptoxanthin (3.02; 1.95–4.69) and were more likely to be in the highest than in the lowest tertile for PrCarb (2.86; 1.82–4.49) than robust subjects in multivariate regression models.ConclusionsOur study indicates that both low FMN and high PrCarb concentrations are associated with pre‐frailty and frailty.
Autocrine activin A signalling in ovarian cancer cells regulates secretion of interleukin 6, autophagy, and cachexia
Authors: Pettersen Kristine , Andersen Sonja , van der Veen Anna , Nonstad Unni , Hatakeyama Shinji , Lambert Christian , Lach‐Trifilieff Estelle , Moestue Siver , Kim Jana , Grønberg Bjørn Henning , Schilb Alain , Jacobi Carsten , Bjørkøy Geir 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of patients with advanced cancer develop cachexia, a weight loss syndrome that severely reduces quality of life and limits survival. Our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that cause the condition is limited, and there are currently no treatment options that can completely reverse cachexia. Several tumour‐derived factors and inflammatory mediators have been suggested to contribute to weight loss in cachectic patients. However, inconsistencies between studies are recurrent. Activin A and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) are among the best studied factors that seem to be important, and several studies support their individual role in cachexia development.MethodsWe investigated the interplay between activin A and IL‐6 in the cachexia‐inducing TOV21G cell line, both in culture and in tumours in mice. We previously found that the human TOV21G cells secrete IL‐6 that induces autophagy in reporter cells and cachexia in mice. Using this established cachexia cell model, we targeted autocrine activin A by genetic, chemical, and biological approaches. The secretion of IL‐6 from the cancer cells was determined in both culture and tumour‐bearing mice by a species‐specific ELISA. Autophagy reporter cells were used to monitor the culture medium for autophagy‐inducing activities, and muscle mass changes were evaluated in tumour‐bearing mice.ResultsWe show that activin A acts in an autocrine manner to promote the synthesis and secretion of IL‐6 from cancer cells. By inhibiting activin A signalling, the production of IL‐6 from the cancer cells is reduced by 40–50% (up to 42% reduction on protein level, P = 0.0048, and 48% reduction on mRNA level, P = 0.0308). Significantly reduced IL‐6 secretion (P < 0.05) from the cancer cells is consistently observed when using biological, chemical, and genetic approaches to interfere with the autocrine activin A loop. Inhibiting activin signalling also reduces the ability of the cancer cells to accelerate autophagy in non‐cancerous cells (up to 43% reduced autophagy flux, P = 0.0006). Coherent to the in vitro data, the use of an anti‐activin receptor 2 antibody in cachectic tumour‐bearing mice reduces serum levels of cancer cell‐derived IL‐6 by 62% (from 417 to 159 pg/mL, P = 0.03), and, importantly, it reverses cachexia and counteracts loss of all measured muscle groups (P < 0.0005).ConclusionsOur data support a functional link between activin A and IL‐6 signalling pathways and indicate that interference with activin A‐induced IL‐6 secretion from the tumour has therapeutic potential for cancer‐induced cachexia.
Red‐eared slider hatchlings (Trachemys scripta) show a seasonal shift in behavioral types
Authors: Nichols Haley , Carter Amanda W. , Paitz Ryan T. , Bowden Rachel M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCorrelated and repeatable patterns of behavior, termed behavioral types, can affect individual fitness. The most advantageous behavioral type may differ across predictable environments (e.g., seasonally), and maternally mediated effects may match hatchling behavior to the environment. We measured righting response, an indicator of behavioral type, of juvenile red‐eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) emerging from early and late season clutches to understand if the production of behavioral types differs across the nesting season. There was a significant effect of season, with early season hatchlings righting more quickly than late season hatchlings, and we explored two potential underlying mechanisms, maternal estrogens and maternal investment (e.g., yolk allocation). We dosed early season eggs with an estrogen mixture to mimic late season eggs and assayed hatchling righting response, but found no significant effect of this maternal effect. We assessed maternal investment by measuring egg, hatchling, and residual yolk masses. We found a seasonal pattern in yolk allocation, where early season eggs have more yolk than late season eggs. Early season hatchlings used more yolk for growth rather than maintenance of existing tissues, resulting in larger hatchlings. Interestingly, across both seasons, hatchlings that received less maternal yolk appeared to be more efficient at converting yolk to tissue, but we found no direct correlation with righting behavior. We demonstrate that the prevalence of behavioral types varies across the nesting season, creating correlated suites of seasonal phenotypes in turtle hatchlings, but it appears that neither maternal estrogens or investment in yolk directly underlie this shift in behavior.
Orientations of graphs avoiding given lists on out‐degrees
Authors: Akbari S. , Dalirrooyfard M. , Ehsani K. , Ozeki K. , Sherkati R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLet be a graph and be a mapping. The graph is said to be ‐
avoiding if there exists an orientation of such that for every , where denotes the out‐degree of in the directed graph with respect to . In this paper it is shown that if is bipartite and for every , then is ‐avoiding. The bound is best possible. For every graph , we conjecture that if for every , then is ‐avoiding. We also argue about this conjecture for the best possibility of the conditions and also show some partial solutions.
Novel guanosine derivatives against Zika virus polymerase in silico
Authors: Elfiky Abdo A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak, which started in the year 2015, is considered the fastest and most widely spread outbreak reported for this flavivirus. The polymerase domain of the NS5 protein has been targeted in other viral infections and is recognized as a suitable target in ZIKV infection. Different novel modified compounds against ZIKV NS5 have been tested in silico. A few structures have been solved for ZIKV polymerase and deposited in the protein data bank website. Two of these solved structures (with a resolution of less than 1.9  A) are used in this study to test the binding of 74 novel compounds in silico. Molecular docking is used to quantify the binding affinities of ZIKV polymerase and compare it to the hepatitis C virus NS5B. A total of 19 novel compounds revealed results that are either similar to or better than the physiological molecule, guanosine triphosphate. Water molecules are found to facilitate the binding of the compounds to ZIKV RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) structures. The presented 19 novel compounds represent good binders to ZIKV RdRp and could be suitable candidates for developing a new and effective anti‐ZIKV polymerase nucleotide inhibitor.
Spectroscopic investigations of the new anhydrous proton‐conducting compound of pyrazole with oxalate acid
Authors: Widelicka Małgorzata , Pogorzelec‐Glaser Katarzyna , Pankiewicz Radosław , Łapiński Andrzej 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDicarboxylic acid salts are a good group of compounds in which one can study a variety of supramolecular structures as dimers, catemer chains, and rings and are interesting for crystal engineering of proton conductors for applications in solid‐state hydrogen fuel cells. The optical properties of the new proton‐conducting compound of pyrazole with oxalate acid were investigated using Raman and IR spectroscopy taking into account the formal classification of the fundamental modes. To gain more information on the intermolecular interactions and molecular vibrations, experimental data obtained for 1H‐pyrazol‐2‐ium hydrogen oxalate salt were supported by the quantum‐chemical calculations (density functional theory), Hirshfield surfaces and fingerprint plots analysis, and Bader theory calculations. Topological properties of the planar oxalic acid dimer and oxalic acid pyrazole tetramer have been calculated within the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, and it was shown that dominant types of interactions in the investigated salt are medium strength hydrogen‐bonding interactions.
Evaluation of physicochemical and functional properties of spray‐dried protein hydrolysate from non‐penaeid shrimp (Acetes indicus)
Authors: Dhanabalan Vignaesh , Xavier Martin , Murthy Lakshmi N , Asha Kurukkan K , Balange Amjad K , Nayak Binaya B 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDProtein hydrolysate powder was prepared from non‐penaeid shrimp (Acetes indicus) by enzymatic hydrolysis using Alcalase enzyme. Extraction conditions such as pH (6.5, 7.5 and 8.5), enzyme to substrate ratio (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) and temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) were optimized against the degree of hydrolysis using response surface methodology.RESULTSProtein hydrolysate comprised of 740 g kg−1 protein, 150 g kg−1 ash and 90 g kg−1 fat contents. The amino acid score showed superior attributes with 56% essential amino acids. Furthermore, the functional properties of spray‐dried protein hydrolysates were evaluated. Protein solubility was found to be the 90.20% at pH 2 and 96.92% at pH 12. Emulsifying properties were found to vary with the concentration of protein hydrolysates and the highest emulsifying capacity (26.67%) and emulsion stability (23.33%) were found at a concentration of 20 mg mL−1. The highest and the lowest foaming capacity were observed at pH 6 and pH 10 with a concentration of 20 mg mL−1. The water holding capacity of protein hydrolysate was found to increase with concentration, with a value of 5.4 mL g−1 at a concentration of 20 mg mL−1.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study indicate that the use of A. indicus for the production of protein hydrolysate has good functional properties and nutritional value, rendering it suitable for broad industrial food applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry