bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal blood pressure patterns and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with masked hypertension
Authors: Presta Vivianne , Figliuzzi Ilaria , D'Agostino Michela , Citoni Barbara , Miceli Francesca , Simonelli Francesca , Coluccia Roberta , Musumeci Maria Beatrice , Ferrucci Andrea , Volpe Massimo , Tocci Giuliano 
Published: July 2018

Masked hypertension (MHT) is characterized by normal clinic and above normal 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) levels. We evaluated clinical characteristics and CV outcomes of different nocturnal patterns of MHT. We analyzed data derived from a large cohort of adult individuals, who consecutively underwent home, clinic, and ambulatory BP monitoring at our Hypertension Unit between January 2007 and December 2016. MHT was defined as clinic BP <140/90 mm Hg and 24‐hour BP ≥ 130/80 mm Hg, and stratified into three groups according to dipping status: (a) dippers, (b) nondippers, and (c) reverse dippers. From an overall sample of 6695 individuals, we selected 2628 (46.2%) adult untreated individuals, among whom 153 (5.0%) had MHT. In this group, 67 (43.8%) were nondippers, 65 (42.5%) dippers, and 21 (13.7%) reverse dippers. No significant differences were found among groups regarding demographics, clinical characteristics, and prevalence of risk factors, excluding older age in reverse dippers compared to other groups (P < 0.001). Systolic BP levels were significantly higher in reverse dippers than in other groups at both 24‐hour (135.6 ± 8.5 vs 130.4 ± 6.0 vs 128.2 ± 6.8 mm Hg, respectively; P < 0.001) and nighttime periods (138.2 ± 9.1 vs 125.0 ± 6.3 vs 114.5 ± 7.7 mm Hg; P < 0.001). Reverse dipping was associated with a significantly higher risk of stroke, even after correction for age, gender, BMI, dyslipidemia, and diabetes (OR 18.660; 95% IC [1.056‐33.813]; P = 0.046). MHT with reverse dipping status was associated with higher burden of BP and relatively high risk of stroke compared to both dipping and nondipping profiles, although a limited number of CV outcomes have been recorded during the follow‐up.
Multispecies coalescent analysis confirms standing phylogenetic instability in Hexapoda
Authors: Freitas Lucas , Mello Beatriz , Schrago Carlos G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe multispecies coalescent (MSC) has been increasingly used in phylogenomic analyses due to the accommodation of gene tree topological heterogeneity by taking into account population‐level processes, such as incomplete lineage sorting. In this sense, the phylogeny of insect species, which are characterized by their large effective population sizes, is suitable for a coalescent‐based analysis. Furthermore, studies so far recovered short internal branches at early divergences of the insect tree of life, indicating fast evolutionary radiations that increase the probability of incomplete lineage sorting in deep time. Here, we investigated the performance of the MSC for a phylogenomic data set of hexapods compiled by Misof et al. (2014, Science 346:763). Our analysis recovered the monophyly of most insect orders, and major phylogenetic relationships were in agreement with current insect systematics. We identified, however, some evolutionary associations that were consistently problematic. Most noticeable, Hexapod monophyly was disrupted by the sister group relationship between the remiped crustacean and Insecta. Additionally, the interordinal relationships within Polyneoptera and Neuropteroidea were found to be phylogenetically unstable. We show that these controversial phylogenetic arrangements were also poorly supported by previous analyses, and therefore, we evaluated their robustness to stochastic errors from sampling sites and terminals, confirming standing problems in hexapod phylogeny in the genomics age.
Effect of combined high voltage electrostatic with air blast freezing on quality attributes of lamb meat
Authors: Dalvi‐Isfahan Mohsen , Hamdami Nasser , Le‐Bail Alain 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe aim of this research was to compare the effects of electrostatic freezing (ESF) and air blast freezing on quality characteristics of meat after thawing. The effects of four voltages and three freezing temperatures on the quality of fresh lamb such as drip loss after thawing, color, texture, and microstructure were investigated. The results showed that with increasing voltage or decreasing freezing temperature, a slight decrease in the drip loss value and increase in the hardness value could be seen. However, only varying the voltage variable had a significant effect on equivalent diameter, hardness, and drip loss. Total color difference was not significantly influenced by both independent variables. Histological examination of the meat samples demonstrated that the improving the quality of the meat samples under ESF may be due to the ice crystal size reduction which resulted in limited freezing damage on the microstructure of meat.Practical applicationElectrostatic freezing (ESF) as one of the novel methods of freezing can reduce the freezing damage in meat products by decreasing ice crystal size. Additional benefits for the food industry are that ESF can be applied uniformly over the whole sample, easily integrated with ordinary freezer, and energy consumption is low.
Effect of normal and modified atmosphere packaging on shelf life of roast chicken meat
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Huang Jichao , Sun Xiaobin , Lu Qing , Huang Ming , Zhou Guanghong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of packaging method on physicochemical and microbiological properties of roast chicken meat. The samples were stored under normal atmosphere (A) and four different proportions of CO2 and N2 modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) conditions: N (N2, 100%), M2 (CO2/N2, 20%/80%), M3 (CO2/N2, 30%/70%), and M4 (CO2/N2, 40%/60%). Microbiological quality, pH, headspace gas composition, color, and lipid oxidation of roast chicken meat were measured. The time to reach the acceptable total viable counts (TVC, 4 log cfu/g) was 8, 16, 18, 21, and 22 days in A, N, M2, M3, and M4 samples, respectively. The thiobarbituric acid values under MAP packaging were lower than those in normal packaging. In addition, the growth rate of TVC, molds, and yeasts in roast chicken was slower with the increase of carbon dioxide content in MAP. The present findings demonstrate that packaging with CO2/N2, 40%/60% could extend the longer shelf life of roast chicken at 4°C.Practical applicationsThe results showed that CO2/N2 modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) could effectively extend the shelf life of roast chicken products. The effects of different gas compositions in MAP on the pH, color, and fat oxidation of roasted chicken were not significant. The results of this study have guided significance for the storage and consumption of products in the roast poultry processing industry, and provide the references for the storage of other barbecue products.
Tissue changes over time after polydioxanone thread insertion: An animal study with pigs
Authors: Yoon Jung Hyun , Kim Sang Seop , Oh Seung Min , Kim Bong Cheol , Jung Wonsug 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundPolydioxanone (PDO) sutures have been widely used to tighten and lift the face. However, why the complexion brightens and skin elasticity is maintained with a smaller facial outline after a PDO monofilament thread treatment remains unclear.AimsWe aimed to determine what significant changes occur in the tissue over time when a PDO suture is inserted.MethodsWe selected four White Yucatan variety pygmy pigs with skin that most closely resembles the structure of human skin. 4‐0 PDO thread was inserted into the subcutaneous fat. Tissue samples were obtained at 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks. For the histologic analysis, H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, and anti‐smooth muscle actin immunohistochemical staining techniques were used.ResultsNine histological findings appeared over time, and these findings are summarized as five tissue changes.ConclusionsPDO sutures cause specific changes to the surrounding tissues that result in neo‐collagenesis, a fibrous merging effect, fat reduction, tissue contracture, and an improved vascular environment. The results of this study explain the positive changes described in previous clinical research.
Topography of the dorsal nasal artery and its clinical implications for augmentation of the dorsum of the nose
Authors: Choi Da‐Yae , Bae Jung‐Hee , Youn Kwan‐Hyun , Kim Wooram , Suwanchinda Atchima , Tanvaa Tansatit , Kim Hee‐Jin 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundInjections of filler into the nose for dorsum augmentation have a higher risk of complications due to the complicated blood supply and anastomotic channels in this area.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the anatomical features and location of the dorsal nasal artery (DNA), and to provide clinical anatomical information to reduce side effects and severe complications in the perinasal area.MethodsUsing the 31 cadaveric noses in Asians, dissections and histologic examinations were performed to identify the location and depth of the vascular structures including DNA.ResultsDorsal nasal artery ran downward at 20.3 ± 3.5 mm from the intercanthal line and the communicating branch that connected the bilateral DNAs was located 8.5 ± 3.5 mm inferior to the intercanthal line. The DNA was located at 4.4 ± 3.2 mm, 4.6 ± 4.4 mm, and 5.2 ± 4.4 mm lateral to the midline of the nose on the intercanthal, quadrisected, and bisected lines, respectively. At the level of nasal bone, DNA was located superficial to the muscular layer and it runs inferolaterally on dorsum on nose. It was running more deeply and located beneath the fibromuscular layer at the cartilaginous portion of the dorsum of nose.ConclusionsInjection into deep fatty layer may reduce the risk of arterial injury and the consequent complications. However, in a hooked nose, the tip of the needle traveling along the deep layer approaches the superficial layer due to the convexity of the hump as it passes over it, which can increase the probability of damaging the DNA.
Prevention of surgical site infection via antibiotic administration according to guidelines after gynecological surgery
Authors: Toba Mikayo , Moriwaki Mutsuko , Oshima Noriko , Aiso Yoshibumi , Shima Mari , Nukui Yoko , Obayashi Satoshi , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimWe modified the antimicrobial prophylaxis of surgical site infection (SSI) according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and Japan Society of Infectious Diseases (hereinafter referred to as optimization) and measured outcomes.MethodsFrom April 2016 to March 2017, we performed cesarean section and open hysterectomy with optimization, and compared the outcome to that of surgery performed without optimization between April 2014 and March 2016. We measured the rates of antibiotic discontinuation, appropriate antibiotic selection, SSI incidence, resumption of antibiotic therapy and fever incidence, as well as the length of postoperative hospital stay and medical expenses for antibiotics to evaluate the appropriateness and outcomes of antibiotic prophylaxis.ResultsOptimization resulted in a change in the method of selecting antibiotics for cesarean section, but there was no change in SSI incidence rate (0.74% vs 0.0%, P = 0.36). Optimization reduced the use of antibiotics and medical expenses of hysterectomy (median reduction of 50% and 78% for hysterectomy without or with lymphadenectomy, respectively). However, there was no change in outcome regarding SSI incidence (5.7% vs 0.0%, P = 0.11 and 7.8% vs 9.5%, P = 0.77, respectively).ConclusionAppropriate use of antibiotics according to guidelines reduced antibiotic dose and medical expenses, but there was no change in outcome regarding SSI incidence rate. These findings suggested that implementation of dosing regimens according to the guidelines would be useful to reduce antibiotic medicine costs and prevent resistant bacteria and complications associated with antibiotics.
Distribution of monocyte subsets and polarization in preeclampsia and intrauterine fetal growth restriction
Authors: Alahakoon Thushari I. , Medbury Heather , Williams Helen , Fewings Nicole , Wang Xin M. , Lee Vincent W. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimMonocytes are likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), given their role in homeostasis and tissue repair. Our aim was to study the gestational changes in monocytes in normal pregnancy and to determine whether monocyte subsets and phenotype are altered in pregnancy complications, such as PE and IUGR.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional case–control study was conducted. Pregnant women between 24 and 40 weeks of gestation (n = 54) were recruited and classified into four clinical groups of normal pregnancy, PE, IUGR and PE + IUGR. The maternal monocyte subsets classical, intermediate and nonclassical were compared for each clinical group. Monocyte polarization towards M1 (inflammatory) and M2 (repair) phenotypes was assessed by surface expression of CD86 and CD163 ratio, using flow cytometry.ResultsThe classical monocytes were reduced and intermediate monocyte elevated compared to normal pregnancy in PE, IUGR and PE + IUGR in gestations <37 weeks and IUGR in 26–40 weeks. CD163 expression was increased and CD86/CD163 ratio decreased in IUGR compared to normal pregnancy for all subsets. Nonclassical monocyte counts and CD163 expression increased with advancing gestation in normal pregnancy.ConclusionThese results show for the first time, a shift towards increased intermediate maternal monocyte subtype in IUGR and in preterm PE as well as skewing of maternal peripheral monocytes (all subsets) towards M2 phenotype in pregnancies complicated by IUGR.
Consumers' hedonic liking of different labeled and conventional food products in Slovenia
Authors: Kos Skubic Mira , Erjavec Karmen , Ule Anita , Klopčič Marija 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn recent years, like others in Europe, the Slovenian government has introduced national and European quality schemes and launched a campaign to inform consumers and boost demand for local products. Very few studies consider consumers' hedonic liking of different food products labeled with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)/Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) indications. This study therefore aims to fill this research gap and identify whether information affects the hedonic liking of various typical Slovenian PDO/PGI‐labeled products compared to their alternative conventional food products, whether Slovenian consumers like different typical Slovenian PDO/PGI‐labeled food products relative to their conventional food products, and which food products they sensorically prefer. The study findings show consumer hedonic liking is identical for all PDO/PGI‐labeled regional products, yet their sensory preferences reveal some significant differences between the analyzed products by age, gender, and education. Accordingly, studies should employ different sensory analyses for different food products and not generalized consumer hedonic liking/preference based on just one food product.Practical applicationsThe finding that consumers do not hold hedonic preferences for either PDO/PGI‐labeled or conventional products when both informed and blind has significant implications for the Slovenian government, the marketers of labeled products and consumer policy aiming to promote better labeled products. For transition countries like Slovenia that have recently introduced food products labeling meeting EU standard but have a relatively small food industry based on local ingredients, traditional recipes, and production methods, our findings reveal the need to extend and intensify promotion and communication activities that highlight the guaranteed quality and use of local ingredients to boost consumers' preferences for PDO/PGI‐labeled products like cheese, ham, and honey.
Oral deferiprone administration ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Makhdoumi Pouran , Abnous Khalil , Mehri Soghra , Etemad Leila , Imenshahidi Mohsen , Karimi Gholamreza 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Cisplatin is one of the widely used antitumour agents with major clinical side effect, nephrotoxicity. We showed the role of iron in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity that entrance to the cell via transferrin receptor (TfR) as a gatekeeper for iron uptake. We also examined the effect of iron chelator deferiprone against this toxicity.

Methods
Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group I (saline orally for 10 days); group II (saline orally for 10 days plus single injection of cisplatin 7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally on 5th day); groups III, IV and V (deferiprone 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for 10 days, respectively, plus cisplatin on 5th day). Group VI (deferiprone, orally).

Results
Deferiprone provided functional and significant histological-proven protection in group IV. Deferiprone attenuated the increased creatinine, BUN, malondialdehyde and iron concentrations in cisplatin-injected animals. The increased amounts of TfR and decreased levels of HIF-1α and related anti-apoptotic genes expression in cisplatin-treated animals were improved by deferiprone.

Conclusions
The results supported a role for iron in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and TfR may serve as an important source of iron. Based on these findings, deferiprone pretreatment may play a role in preventing cisplatin-induced nephropathy in cancer patient.
Jumps into Democracy: Integrating the Short and Long Run in the Democratic Transition
Authors: Paldam Martin , Gundlach Erich 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWhen countries become wealthy, they become democracies. Using kernel regressions, we show that the long‐run path in the Polity index looks exactly like a transition curve. However, the literature lacks a short‐run model that can generate this path. We note that the main political regime index is constant for most years. However, the stability is interrupted by infrequent jumps that are often quite large. We argue that periods of constancy represent political status quo equilibria that need to be broken by a triggering event. We find that such events occur randomly; they cannot be explained by economic variables. But if an event causes a change in the regime, the jump is normally in the direction of the transition curve. Hence, the curve acts as an attractor for the jumps. This is a new finding that integrates the short and the long run of the Democratic Transition.
Individual Differences in Syntactic Ability and Construction Learning: An Exploration of the Relationship
Authors: Riches Nick , Jackson Laura 
Published: July 2018

Syntactic abilities vary across individuals. Weak syntax is typically ascribed to limited competence (knowledge) or poor performance (processing). However, with many questioning this dichotomy, alternative explanations should be considered. Arguments related to language exposure are insufficient because language‐impaired children often have good input. An alternative account, the learning hypothesis, assumes that individual variation in syntactic abilities reflects variation in construction‐learning ability. To evaluate this claim, we tested construction learning in 49 5‐year‐old English‐speaking children, targeting two complex constructions rarely attested in child‐directed speech, though with no control of prior exposure. The results revealed that there was substantial variation in the children's construction‐learning ability, which was strongly associated with their performance on static standardized language assessments (the Test of Reception of Grammar and the Renfrew Action Picture Task) and that nonadjacent open slots were problematic. While our findings supported the learning hypothesis, further research should determine causes of individual variation in syntactic ability.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded an Open Materials badge. Study materials are publicly accessible via the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/ztrnq. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Recovery of food webs following natural physical disturbances
Authors: Spiller David A. , Schoener Thomas W. , Piovia‐Scott Jonah 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe objective of our paper is to develop a mechanistic conceptual framework for how food webs recover from natural physical disturbances. We summarize our work on the effect of hurricanes on island food webs and review other studies documenting how other types of physical disturbances (including fires, floods, and volcanic eruptions) alter food–web interactions. Based on these case studies, we propose that four factors play an important role in food‐web succession: (1) disturbance intensity, (2) sequential recovery/colonization of successively higher trophic levels, (3) tradeoffs between growth rate of organisms at different successional stages and susceptibility to consumers, and (4) detritus including autochthonous and allochthonous sources. Studies on river flooding and islands disturbed by hurricanes indicate that energy flow is higher and trophic cascades are stronger during recovery than when the food web is at a steady state. We suggest that as consumer species colonize during succession, they may change the species or phenotypic composition of their food supply from highly vulnerable to less vulnerable items, thereby weakening both bottom‐up and top‐down effects throughout the food web. High inputs of detritus caused by disturbances can amplify bottom‐up effects during early succession, and subsequently alter top‐down effects.
Effects of intentional weight loss in patients with obesity and heart failure: a systematic review
Authors: McDowell K. , Petrie M.C. , Raihan N. A. , Logue J. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryObjectiveObesity is an independent risk factor for the development of heart failure, and the two commonly co‐exist. The European Society of Cardiology does not provide guidance regarding weight loss strategies in heart failure. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for outcomes following intentional weight loss in patients with heart failure and obesity.MethodA systematic review of English articles was undertaken using databases PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting outcomes following intentional weight loss by lifestyle, surgical or pharmacotherapy intervention in patients with obesity and heart failure were included.ResultsFour randomized controlled trials and seven observational studies were identified. Two randomized controlled trials used diet and exercise as an intervention, one used diet alone and one used a pharmacological intervention (orlistat). All but one reported significant weight loss. Two reported improvement in exercise capacity and quality of life. One reported improvement in New York Heart Association functional class in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The observational studies, five of which reported on outcomes following bariatric surgery, despite being small, heterogeneous and high risk of bias, suggested a trend in improvement of left ventricular function, quality of life and exercise capacity following weight loss.ConclusionWeight loss is achievable with lifestyle intervention in those with heart failure and obesity and may result in improvements in New York Heart Association classification, quality of life and exercise capacity.