bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examination of Clear Speech in Parkinson Disease Using Measures of Working Vowel Space
Authors: Whitfield Jason A. , Mehta Daryush D. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of the current study was to characterize clear speech production for speakers with and without Parkinson disease (PD) using several measures of working vowel space computed from frequently sampled formant trajectories.

Method
The 1st 2 formant frequencies were tracked for a reading passage that was produced using habitual and clear speaking styles by 15 speakers with PD and 15 healthy control speakers. Vowel space metrics were calculated from the distribution of frequently sampled formant frequency tracks, including vowel space hull area, articulatory–acoustic vowel space, and multiple vowel space density (VSD) measures based on different percentile contours of the formant density distribution.

Results

Both speaker groups exhibited significant increases in the articulatory–acoustic vowel space and VSD
10
, the area of the outermost (10th percentile) contour of the formant density distribution, from habitual to clear styles. These clarity-related vowel space increases were significantly smaller for speakers with PD than controls. Both groups also exhibited a significant increase in vowel space hull area; however, this metric was not sensitive to differences in the clear speech response between groups. Relative to healthy controls, speakers with PD exhibited a significantly smaller VSD
90
, the area of the most central (90th percentile), densely populated region of the formant space.

Conclusions
Using vowel space metrics calculated from formant traces of the reading passage, the current work suggests that speakers with PD do indeed reach the more peripheral regions of the vowel space during connected speech but spend a larger percentage of the time in more central regions of formant space than healthy speakers. Additionally, working vowel space metrics based on the distribution of formant data suggested that speakers with PD exhibited less of a clarity-related increase in formant space than controls, a trend that was not observed for perimeter-based measures of vowel space area.
Effects of Concurrent Manual Task Performance on Connected Speech Acoustics in Individuals With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Whitfield Jason A. , Kriegel Zoe , Fullenkamp Adam M. , Mehta Daryush D. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Prior investigations suggest that simultaneous performance of more than 1 motor-oriented task may exacerbate speech motor deficits in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD). The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the extent to which performing a low-demand manual task affected the connected speech in individuals with and without PD.

Method
Individuals with PD and neurologically healthy controls performed speech tasks (reading and extemporaneous speech tasks) and an oscillatory manual task (a counterclockwise circle-drawing task) in isolation (single-task condition) and concurrently (dual-task condition).

Results
Relative to speech task performance, no changes in speech acoustics were observed for either group when the low-demand motor task was performed with the concurrent reading tasks. Speakers with PD exhibited a significant decrease in pause duration between the single-task (speech only) and dual-task conditions for the extemporaneous speech task, whereas control participants did not exhibit changes in any speech production variable between the single- and dual-task conditions.

Conclusions
Overall, there were little to no changes in speech production when a low-demand oscillatory motor task was performed with concurrent reading. For the extemporaneous task, however, individuals with PD exhibited significant changes when the speech and manual tasks were performed concurrently, a pattern that was not observed for control speakers.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8637008
Influence of rotating magnetic field on Maxwell saturated ferrofluid flow over a heated stretching sheet with heat generation/absorption
Authors: Majeed Aaqib , Zeeshan Ahmed , Noori Farzan Majeed , Masud Usman 
Published: July 2019

This article is focused on Maxwell ferromagnetic fluid and heat transport characteristics under the impact of magnetic field generated due to dipole field. The viscous dissipation and heat generation/absorption are also taken into account. Flow here is instigated by linearly stretchable surface, which is assumed to be permeable. Also description of magneto-thermo-mechanical (ferrohydrodynamic) interaction elaborates the fluid motion as compared to hydrodynamic case. Problem is modeled using continuity, momentum and heat transport equation. To implement the numerical procedure, firstly we transform the partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying similarity approach, secondly resulting boundary value problem (BVP) is transformed into an initial value problem (IVP). Then resulting set of non-linear differentials equations is solved computationally with the aid of Runge–Kutta scheme with shooting algorithm using MATLAB. The flow situation is carried out by considering the influence of pertinent parameters namely ferro-hydrodynamic interaction parameter, Maxwell parameter, suction/injection and viscous dissipation on flow velocity field, temperature field, friction factor and heat transfer rate are deliberated via graphs. The present numerical values are associated with those available previously in the open literature for Newtonian fluid case (γ
1 = 0) to check the validity of the solution. It is inferred that interaction of magneto-thermo-mechanical is to slow down the fluid motion. We also witnessed that by considering the Maxwell and ferrohydrodynamic parameter there is decrement in velocity field whereas opposite behavior is noted for temperature field.
Methodological Considerations for a Vascular Function Test Battery
Authors: Kimble Rachel , Keane Karen M. , Lodge John K. , Howatson Glyn 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThere is a dearth of information regarding the reliability of non-invasive measures of vascular function taken in a single testing session. This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of a test battery of vascular function measures: automated blood pressure (BP), laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis (LDI), digital volume pulse (DVP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx) measured by pulse wave analysis (PWA) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) taken within and between sessions. Measures were taken in 21 non-smoking males intra-session and again inter-session (one week apart) to determine repeatability and reproducibility, respectively. There was moderate to excellent repeatability (ICC: 0.53–0.93; CV=2.2–18.1%) and reproducibility (ICC: 0.71–0.96; CV 1.9–14.2%) for BP, DVP stiffness index, PWV, AIx, AIx normalised to heart rate (75 bpm), absolute and percentage FMD. Repeatability of the DVP reflection index was moderate (ICC: 0.64; CV=9.5%) but there was poor reproducibility (ICC: 0.17; CV=15.1%). Moreover, the repeatability and reproducibility of the LDI measures ranged from poor to good (ICC: 0.31–0.84; CV=28.4–36.7%). These data indicated that there was considerable variability in the repeatability and reproducibility of measurements of endothelial function and arterial stiffness taken in a battery of measurements, which needs careful consideration in future research designs.
Key performance measures for colonoscopy in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program
Authors: Bugajski Marek , Rupinski Maciej , Wieszczy Paulina , Pisera Małgorzata , Regula Jaroslaw , Kaminski Michal F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has published guidelines on key performance measures for colonoscopy. We analyzed whether those standards were met in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program (PCSP) and whether the monitoring was feasible.
Methods We analyzed database records for 43 277 PCSP participants (25 PCSP centers) for the years 2014 – 2015. We used the guideline definitions to calculate values for all key performance measures and compared these with the proposed standards at individual, center, and program level. All data were acquired from the PCSP database, apart from complication data which was assessed from external registries.
Results At the program level, four of five minimum standards and one of two target standards (no set minimum standard) were met. Adequate bowel preparation rate was 91.3 % for the whole program (range among individual centers 79.2 % – 99.2 %). Cecal intubation rate was 97.4 % (93.4 % – 99.4 %). Adenoma detection rate was 29.8 % (19.1 % – 39.1 %). An appropriate polypectomy technique was applied in 62.7 % of cases (0.4 % – 97.8 %). Regarding complications, 7-day hospitalization rate after screening colonoscopy was 0.3 % (n = 127), and 30-day all-cause mortality was 0.02 % (n = 9). Patient feedback was assessed in 66.2 % of colonoscopies (7.6 % – 81.8 %). Appropriate post-polypectomy surveillance was proposed in 95.4 % of cases (range 84.9 % – -99.7 %). It was easy to monitor 6 of 7 key performance measures within the PCSP database, but monitoring complications required the additional effort of data extraction from external registries.
Conclusions The PCSP meets most proposed minimum standards at program level. Some centers need additional interventions to meet the complete set of quality standards. Use of ESGE performance measures for monitoring colonoscopy is generally feasible in the setting of the colonoscopy screening program.
Efficacy of precutting endoscopic mucosal resection with full or partial circumferential incision using a snare tip for difficult colorectal lesions
Authors: Yoshida Naohisa , Inoue Ken , Dohi Osamu , Yasuda Ritsu , Hirose Ryohei , Naito Yuji , Murakami Takaaki , Ogiso Kiyoshi , Inada Yutaka , Inagaki Yoshikazu , Morinaga Yukiko , Kishimoto Mitsuo , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background We analyzed the efficacy of precutting endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), which is a method of making a full or partial circumferential mucosal incision around a tumor with a snare tip for en bloc resection.
Methods We reviewed cases from 2011 to 2018 in which precutting EMR (n = 167) and standard EMR (n = 557) were performed for lesions of 10 – 30 mm. Precutting EMR was indicated for benign lesions of 20 – 30 mm or lesions of < 20 mm for which standard EMR was difficult. Through propensity score matching of the two groups, the therapeutic outcomes for 35 lesions of ≥ 20 mm and 98 lesions of < 20 mm in each group were analyzed.
Results In the two sizes of lesion, there were significant differences between the precutting and standard groups in the en bloc resection rate (≥ 20 mm 88.6 % vs. 48.5 %, P < 0.001; < 20 mm 98.0 % vs. 85.7 %, P = 0.004) and the histological complete resection rate (≥ 20 mm 71.4 % vs. 42.9 %, P = 0.02; < 20 mm 87.8 % vs. 67.3 %, P < 0.001).
Conclusion Precutting EMR enabled high en bloc resection rates in cases involving difficult lesions.
Is Preoperative Planning for Hip Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Printed Models Associated with Improved Intra- and Postoperative Outcomes? A Systematic Review
Authors: Mosca Michael J. , Castañeda Pablo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUse of three-dimensional (3D) printed models for preoperative planning, patient-specific surgical guides, and implants in orthopaedic surgery is a burgeoning technology. It has not been established if 3D-printed models for preoperative planning are associated with improved clinical outcomes or if they are cost-effective for hip surgeries including total hip arthroplasty (THA), periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), proximal femoral osteotomy (PFO), and/or hip fractures. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic search and literature review to determine if preoperative planning for hip surgery using 3D-printed models was associated with improved intra- and postoperative outcomes. Specific aims were to determine the (1) types of applications and studies conducted, (2) types of 3D printing/materials used, (3) specific outcomes evaluated, (4) efficacy of 3D printing in planning for hip surgery, and (5) limitations of current research. The authors searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and PubMed from inception through July 2017. Original research publications were included if the primary purpose was to evaluate 3D-printed models' ability to assist with the planning of hip surgeries. Papers were excluded if they were reviews, abstracts, and not available in English, their models were not patient-specific, or their research did not evaluate surgery of the acetabulofemoral joint or pelvis. Of the 3,369 unique papers identified, 21 met inclusion criteria after full-text review. Among the included studies, six evaluated 3D printing in THA, seven in PAO/PFO, and eight in fracture repairs/reconstruction. The research included nine case reports, three case series, one retrospective uncontrolled study, six prospective uncontrolled studies, and two prospective controlled studies. 3D printed models resulted in: reduced intraoperative improvisation, operating room time, blood loss/transfusions, improved positioning of plates/screws/implants, clinical scores, measures of realignment, and functional status. Recent innovations in 3D printing are promising but unproven to improve clinical outcomes in hip surgeries due to limitations of published research. This may impact utilization and reimbursement of 3D-printed models in hip surgery. Studies of resource utilization, cost-effectiveness, and controlled trials with standardized methods and clinical outcomes of relevance are needed.
Endovascular Management of Varicose Veins: A Review of Literature
Authors: Singhal Soumil , Uthappa Mangerira Chinnappa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVenous insufficiency of the lower limb is a common condition characterized by a spectrum of symptoms, including bulging leg veins, pain, swelling, and ulceration. Various treatment options are available; however, the newer endovascular options are easy, highly effective, safe, and quick in relieving symptoms. Endovascular treatment options include thermal ablation, mechanicochemical ablation, and foam sclerotherapy. This review article briefly describes various scoring systems used in varicose veins, the role of imaging, different management techniques, and guidelines proposed in the management of this condition.
Role of a Checklist to Improve Patient Safety in Interventional Radiology
Authors: Singhal Soumil , Uthappa Mangerira Chinnappa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA checklist can be defined as a comprehensive formal list of essential actions to be taken in a specific fashion. This concept has been extended from the aviation industry to health care to improve patient outcome and patient satisfaction with a significant reduction in complication rates. This review article aims to assess the importance and benefits associated with the use of a well-formulated checklist while performing the various minimally invasive image-guided procedures. Various databases including PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched for using various keywords including “Checklist,” “Radiology,” “Interventional Radiology,” “Image-Guided Procedure,” and “minimally invasive procedure.” The use of a checklist is the way ahead especially when patients today require minimal risk but demand high-quality care. Implementation of such an easy-to-perform tailor-made mechanism can significantly improve patient outcome and patient satisfaction.
Contrast-Related Neurotoxicity: An Entity Not to be Forgotten
Authors: Rajagopal Rengarajan , Raju Sreenivasa Narayana , Pandey Niraj Nirmal , Sharma Sanjiv 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNeurotoxicity related to intra-arterial use of iodinated contrast agents is a relatively uncommon complication of angiography. The authors describe the case of a 42-year-old patient with type B aortic dissection, who developed contrast-related neurological symptoms.
Superresolution effect on a microstep phase image in a laser heterodyne microscope
Authors: Akhmedzhanov I.M. , Baranov D.V. , Zolotov E.M. , Shupletsova Yu.I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The possibility of achieving superresolution on a microstep phase image in a laser scanning differential heterodyne microscope is studied both heoretically and experimentally. The superresolution is estimated as the width ratio for the amplitude and phase components of the microscope response measured at half the height of the corresponding parts of the response. It is shown theoretically that superresolution greatly exceeding unity can be achieved for an object in the form of a phase microstep introducing a phase shift equal to π. Superresolution of ∼2 is experimentally obtained for certified test micro-objects. A possibility of tuning a test sample into the superresolution regime by shifting a point photodetector in the microscope’s Fourier plane is demonstrated.
Erbium-doped optical fibre with enhanced radiation resistance for superluminescent fibre sources
Authors: Ponosova A.A. , Azanova I.S. , Mironov N.K. , Yashkov M.V. , Riumkin K.E. , Kel’ O.L. , Sharonova Yu.O. , Melkumov M.A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a study of the properties of erbium-doped optical fibres with enhanced gamma-ray resistance at a high dose rate. The fibres have a silica core containing different dopants. The gamma-ray resistance of the fibres is due to additional doping of their core with cerium and germanium ions, as well as to aluminium concentration optimisation. We assess the effect of fibre composition on the radiation-induced loss at a wavelength of 1310 nm and the output power and weighted average wavelength of superluminescent fibre sources based on erbium-doped fibre under pulsed gamma irradiation (dose per pulse, ∼ 20 Gy). The fibre doped with aluminium, germanium and cerium oxides is shown to be optimal for use in gamma-ray-resistant broadband superluminescent fibre sources.
Absolute frequency measurements for emission transitions of molecular iodine in the range of 1053 – 1068 nm
Authors: Nesterenko M.I. , Ignatovich S.M. , Kuznetsov S.A. , Matyugin Yu.A. , Skvortsov M.N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Results of high-precision frequency measurements are presented for certain components of the 127I2 hyperfine structure, which correspond to emission transitions of the B – X band in the range of 1053 – 1068 nm. The frequencies are measured by using a femtosecond optical frequency synthesiser based on a Ti:sapphire laser. The hyperfine structure is resolved by the method of three-level laser spectroscopy. The frequency-doubled cw Nd : YAG laser is used as an excitation radiation source, and the probe radiation in the range of 1050 – 1070 nm is generated by an external-cavity diode laser. The frequencies of both lasers are simultaneously locked to those of two adjacent hyperfine structure components of iodine lines, which have a common upper level. Correspondingly, the frequency of the Nd : YAG laser is locked to the frequency of the absorption transition component, and the diode laser frequency – to the frequency of the emission transition component. The radiation frequency of the diode laser ‘locked’ in this way is measured. Frequencies of 18 hyperfine structure components for six emission lines corresponding to the bands (32 – 54) and (32 – 53) are measured. The relative uncertainty of the measurement is 8 × 10–10.
Thermoelectrically cooled, repetitively pulsed Fe : ZnSe laser
Authors: Zakharov N.G. , Zakhryapa A.V. , Kozlovsky V.I. , Korostelin Yu.V. , Skasyrsky Ya.K. , Frolov M.P. , Chuvatkin R.S. , Yutkin I.M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report the investigation of a repetitively pulsed laser based on a Fe : ZnSe crystal, cooled to a temperature of 195 K by two thermoelectric modules with a maximum cooling power of 34 W. Two pulsed synchronised Er : YAG lasers, operating in the free-lasing regime, are used for pumping. It is shown that the average laser power in a series of short pulses may exceed 20 W. An average power of 3.1 W is attained in the stationary temperature regime. The lasing spectrum is centred at a wavelength of 4.38 μm, and the total divergence angle is 5 mrad.
Ultranarrow-waveguide AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs lasers
Authors: Bobretsova Yu.K. , Veselov D.A. , Klimov A.A. , Vavilova L.S. , Shamakhov V.V. , Slipchenko S.O. , Pikhtin N.A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We have designed, fabricated and studied ultranarrow-waveguide heterostructure lasers emitting in the spectral range 1000 – 1100 nm. The lasers have been characterised by current – voltage, light – current, far-field intensity distribution and internal optical loss measurements. The ultranarrow-waveguide lasers have been shown to have a threshold current density of ∼75 A cm−2, internal quantum efficiency near 100 % and internal optical loss near the lasing threshold under 1 cm−1, which corresponds to the level of standard heterostructures. We have demonstrated the possibility of obtaining up to 5 W of output power in continuous mode and up to 30 W in pulsed mode, with a beam convergence (FWHM) of 17.8°. The slope of the internal optical loss as a function of pump current for the ultranarrow-waveguide lasers can be markedly lower than that in lasers with a standard design, but internal quantum efficiency drops to 40 % with increasing pump current. The use of barrier layers in ultranarrow-waveguide lasers makes it possible to substantially reduce the drop in internal quantum efficiency.
Developing intercultural learning capabilities
Authors: O’Neill Fiona , Crichton Jonathan , Scarino Angela 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper reports on a semester-long study that explored the
experience of a group of local and international students from multiple
disciplines, and their teachers, in a core Intercultural Communication
undergraduate course of 550 students in which there is an orientation to
learning, teaching and assessment that seeks to develop students’ intercultural
learning capabilities. To capture the experience of learning, teaching and
assessment in a highly diverse Australian university, data were collected over
the life cycle of the course. The research design was ethnographic and
collaborative, involving the research team, members of the teaching staff, and
members of the university’s learning and teaching unit. The data include
interviews with students and teachers, students’ written assessments, and
observations of weekly teaching staff meetings. The overarching finding of the
study is that, to enable students to develop their intercultural learning
capabilities, there is a need to rethink notions of experience and engagement,
specifically to attend to the central role of language/s and culture/s in all
students’ experience of learning, teaching, and assessment. Analysed examples
from the data are used to illustrate four specific guiding principles
underpinning this (re)orientation to learning. The study was one of two case
studies funded by the University of South Australia as part of a larger project:
Developing English Language and Intercultural Learning Capabilities.1