bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additively Manufactured 3D Clamp‐Culture System for the Investigation of Material‐Cell Interactions in Multi‐Material Hybrid Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Defects
Authors: Enbergs Simon , Shopperly Lennard K. , Engels Andreas , Laue Dominik , Ertel Wolfgang , Sittinger Michael , Rendenbach Carsten , Dehne Tilo , Jagielski Michal , Spinnen Jacob 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe emergence of hybrid scaffolds, blending biomaterials with diverse properties, offers promise in musculoskeletal tissue engineering. However, a need for in vitro platforms investigating biological behavior and the interplay of different load‐bearing and colonizable synthetic bone substitute materials remains. Herein, we present a novel, in‐house producible, and scalable clamp culture system designed for facile in vitro analysis of interactions between biomaterials, hydrogels, and cells. The system, constructed here from an exemplary 3D‐printable polymer and photopolymerizable hydrogel using a widely available benchtop 3D printer, ensures mechanical stability and protection for the embedded hydrogel via its double‐clamp structure, facilitating various analytical methods while preserving culture integrity. Hybrid clamp cultures were additively manufactured from polylactic acid, filled with a bone precursor cell‐laden methacrylate gelatin hydrogel, cultured for 14 days, and analyzed for cell viability, mineralization, and osseous differentiation. Results indicate no adverse effects on osteogenic differentiation or mineralization compared to conventional droplet cultures, with enhanced cell viability and simplified handling and downstream analysis. This system demonstrates the potential for robust experimentation in tissue engineering and is adaptable to various plate formats, and thus highly suitable for the investigation of biomaterial‐cell interactions and the development of implants for musculoskeletal tissue defects.
Comparative Anatomical, Histochemical, and Phytochemical Characterization of Species of the Genus Cucumis L.
Authors: da Silva Elizandra Maria , Magalhães Cledson dos Santos , Randau Karina Perrelli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCucumis anguria L. and Cucumis dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach belong to the Cucurbitaceae family and are popularly known as “maxixe.” In folk medicine, they are used to treat pneumonia, hyperglycemia, wounds, and malaria. This study aims to characterize the anatomy, histochemistry, and phytochemistry of C. anguria and C. dipsaceus. Conventional methods in plant anatomy and microscopy were used to prepare and analyze semi‐permanent slides containing cross‐sections of the stem, petiole, leaves, and paradermal sections of the leaf blade. For the histochemical analysis, different reagents were used according to the target metabolite. Phytochemical tests of methanolic extracts of leaves were performed by thin‐layer chromatography. The microscopic analysis allowed obtaining the differentiation of plant cells, the presence of tector and glandular trichomes, in addition to showing anatomical traits such as stem shape, petiole shape, and organization of the mesophyll. Histochemistry showed the presence of alkaloids, starch, phenolic compounds, lipophilic compounds, lignin, and tannins. Phytochemical prospection identified monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, and reducing sugars. The obtained results provide important information for quality control and species differentiation since there are few studies in the literature on these species.
Soil Acidification and Its Temporal Changes in Tea Plantations of Guizhou Province, Southwest China
Authors: Gao Xiubing , Liu Chunyan , Guo Can , Duan Xueyi , Zhang Yuan , Ma Chiyu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSoil acidification is a significant problem in intensive agricultural systems, particularly in tea plantations. Guizhou province, located in the center of the karst mountainous region of southwest China, has the largest tea plantation area in China. However, the soil acidification characteristics in the tea plantations of Guizhou province, as well as their temporal changes, have not yet been adequately studied. Therefore, soil acidification and associated soil properties in the major tea‐planting counties of Guizhou province were extensively assessed, and the temporal changes in soil acidity over the past 11 years were also evaluated through long‐term and short‐term experiments. The results showed that the average soil pH in the tea plantations in Guizhou province varied from 4.08 to 4.87, with a mean of 4.47. The average cation exchange capacity (CEC), TEA (total exchangeable acidity, TEA), EH (exchangeable H+), and EA (exchangeable Al3+) values were 9.6, 3.7, 5.8, and 19.0 cmol/kg, respectively. Seasonal changes in tea plantation soil pH were observed in low‐ and moderately acidic soils but not in highly acidic soils. The soil pH values did not significantly change during three consecutive years of in situ observations but significantly decreased over the past 11 years at an average of 0.03 yearly. Correlation analysis revealed that the soil pH in tea plantations was significantly positively correlated with the content of specific amino acids, such as glutamic acid, arginine, and valine, but was significantly negatively correlated with certain soil physicochemical properties. The findings of this study indicate that soil acidification in tea plantations of the Guizhou province is severe and possesses distinctive attributes that should be considered for its effective management.
To Investigate the Impact of Land Use Change on the Potential Groundwater Recharge on Hillslope With Deep Loess Deposits
Authors: Li Han , Cai Yiming , Min Min , Tao Ze , Si Bingcheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurately estimating groundwater recharge in hilly areas with limited water and thick vadose zones is challenging. This study investigated the impact of land use changes on groundwater recharge at a hillslope scale of Yuanzegou Watershed in China's Loess Plateau. Three adjacent hillslopes were selected for three different land uses: arbor (jujube, Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), subshrub (native grass, Artemisia gmelinii), and crop (millet, Setaria italica). Soil cores (as deep as 10–16/18 m) were collected at each of the three landscape positions on a hillslope. Reported tritium profiles in the watershed were used to estimate the net chloride input into vadose zone on hillslope associated with inverse chloride mass balance (CMB) method/chloride accumulation method (CAM). Soil water content and chloride profiles in the study were measured to determine recharge rates at each landscape position beneath different vegetation types. For the first time, we evaluated the actual chloride input into vadose zone on hillslopes as 540.2 ± 23.8 mg m−2 yr.−1, excluding the impact of runoff. Then, estimated recharge rates ranged from 42.7 ± 3.5 to 62.4 ± 4.7 mm yr.−1, consistent with nearby studies. Results showed that groundwater recharge does not change with landscape position except for higher value on upslope beneath subshrub hillslope. In contrast, groundwater recharge did significantly reduce by 12.9% ± 5.4% and 26.5% ± 4.5% after conversion from cropland to subshrub/arbor on the hillslope, respectively. Our findings contribute to understanding the ecohydrological effects of land use changes on groundwater recharge on hillslope and help to select suitable afforested vegetation for greening efforts in water‐limited hilly areas, with a priority on groundwater safety.
Multi‐Wavelength Achromatic Graphene Metalenses for Visible, NIR, and Beyond
Authors: Cao Guiyuan , Wei Shibiao , Wang Siqi , Xu Xining , Liu Wenbo , Zhang Huihui , Liu Jingheng , Han Zhenqian , Zhao Weisong , Li Haoyu , Lin Han , Yuan Xiaocong , Jia Baohua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe demand for achromatic ultrathin flat lenses has become increasingly stringent, particularly for high‐performance imaging and display applications. Despite significant progress in achromatic metasurface and diffraction lenses, no single material has yet been capable of constructing ultrathin achromatic flat lenses covering ultrabroad wavebands, including the visible and near‐infrared (NIR), due to the limitations of material bandgaps. This limitation complicates fabrication processes, integration, and miniaturization, often leading to instability. In this paper, making use of the dispersionless nature of graphene, high numerical aperture multi‐wavelength achromatic metalenses (MAGLs) made entirely from graphene is proposed and demonstrated. This approach, based on a partial intensity resonance (PIR) mechanism, requires no iterative algorithms. Two MAGLs for visible and communication bands, respectively, are designed and fabricated. Remarkably, the measured focal lengths only deviate by less than 0.15% from the desired values. The graphene metalens (GML) in the visible produced clear and high‐quality images of microscopic character and Brassica napus cells. The demonstrated MAGLs significantly simplify the fabrication process and enhance integration, miniaturization, and stability. Their unique single‐material design offers tremendous potential to replace conventional refractive lenses in applications such as virtual reality glasses, hyperspectral imaging systems, and fluorescence microscopes.
Aminated Microcrystalline Cellulose Aerogel for Efficient CO2 Capture
Authors: Qi Man , Pang Bo , Zhang Yu , Frisinger Maja‐Stina Svanberg , Chang Jian , Kulangara Ashin Vadakke , Hedin Niklas , Yuan Jiayin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven the substantial emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere, there is a critical need for effective CO2 adsorbents at scale, ideally derived from abundant and sustainable natural resources. In this work, microcrystalline cellulose derived from cotton is used to fabricate cellulose aerogel as porous support via a NaOH/urea‐based dissolution and regeneration process, followed by surface modification with a series of amino silane coupling agents to produce aminated cellulose aerogel as CO2 adsorbent. The as‐synthesized optimal adsorbent exhibits a high CO2 sorption capacity of up to 1.5 and 1.3 mmol g−1 at 0 °C and 25 °C at 1 bar, respectively. Notably, in‐depth analysis shows that the adsorbent achieves an impressive capacity of CO2 uptake of 0.29 mmol g−1 at 25 °C at an exceptionally low CO2 pressure of 0.4 mbar, i.e., under ambient CO2 pressure. It implies its potential use as adsorbent both for the traditional point‐source capture and the direct air capture as an emerging negative emission technology. This study underscores the environmentally friendly, cost‐effective, and biosourced attributes of aminated cellulose aerogel as a compelling alternative for carbon capture, contributing to global initiatives combating CO2 emissions and stressing the key role of sustainable materials in tackling this global environmental challenge.
Prognostic impact of age on outcomes of hepatic decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis (CHESS2102): an international, multicenter cohort study
Authors: Liu Shanghao , Li Jia , Wong Yujun , Yim Hyung Joon , Hirooka Masashi , Enomoto Hirayuki , Xie Qing , Dai Erhei , Hanafy Amr Shaaban , Cao Zhujun , Zhao Lili , Teh Kok Ban , Kim Tae Hyung , Jung Young Kul , Koizumi Yohei , Hiasa Yoichi , Nishimura Takashi , Iijima Hiroko , Tian Qingyi , Guo Xinru , Jia Yansheng , Sun Jinfang , Liu Chuan , Qi Xiaolong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBaveno VII criteria (B7C) and Baveno VI criteria (B6C) have been widely used to estimate the risk of hepatic decompensation. However, the impact of age on these criteria warrants further investigation. The international, multicenter cohort study included 1138 patients with compensated cirrhosis (median follow‐up of 40.6 months), aiming to evaluate the value of age in predicting hepatic decompensation. We identified age as an independent predictor of hepatic decompensation, with 60 years determined as the optimal cut‐off value. The occurrence of decompensation was 18.7% and 6.7% in the older (age ≥60 years) and younger (age <60 years) groups, respectively (p < 0.001). We subsequently integrated age into the existing Baveno criteria. In patients not meeting Baveno criteria (defined as not meeting B6C or B7C), the older group exhibited a significantly elevated risk of decompensation compared to the younger group (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the older and younger groups in patients meeting Baveno criteria (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that integrating age into the Baveno criteria could enhance the assessment of hepatic decompensation. Age should be considered before discharging patients with compensated cirrhosis from the surveillance of hepatic decompensation.
Intersection of Sleep Disorders and Parkinson Disease: Unveiling the Bidirectional Relationship
Authors: Antelmi Elena , Lanza Giuseppe , Mogavero Maria Paola , Mingolla Gloria Pompea , Plazzi Giuseppe , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Ferri Raffaele , Tinazzi Michele 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) frequently exhibit non‐motor symptoms, particularly sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders in PD patients are intricately linked to the pathogenesis and progression of PD itself, exacerbating neurodegenerative processes and worsening patient quality of life.ObjectivesThis review underscores the significance of sleep disorders in PD, highlighting their prevalence, impact on disease progression, and the bidirectional relationship between sleep disruption and neurodegeneration. It aims to enhance clinician awareness for better diagnosis and management of sleep‐related comorbidities in PD.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus using key terms such as “sleep disorders”, “Parkinson's disease”, “REM sleep behavior disorder”, “restless legs syndrome”, “insomnia”, “obstructive sleep apnea”, “excessive daytime sleepiness”, “circadian rhythm disorders”, “sleep and neurodegeneration”.ResultsSleep disorders are prevalent in PD affecting up to 90% of patients. Conditions such as insomnia, REM sleep behavior disorder, restless legs syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, excessive daytime sleepiness, and circadian rhythm disorders are commonly reported. These disorders are linked to multifactorial biological mechanisms and are associated with more severe disease phenotypes. Of note, several evidence shows that sleep abnormalities may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, further accelerating the disease course.ConclusionsSleep disturbances are critical non‐motor symptoms in PD. Early diagnosis and tailored management of sleep disorders are essential for improving clinical outcomes and potentially offering neuroprotective benefits.
Differentiating Postural and Kinetic Tremor Responses to Deep Brain Stimulation in Essential Tremor
Authors: Butler Rebecca D. , Brinda Annemarie K. , Blumenfeld Madeline , Bryants Marina N. , Grund Peter M. , Pandey Shivansh R. , Cornish Chelsea K.S. , Sullivan Disa , Krieg Jordan , Umoh Matthew , Vitek Jerrold L. , Almeida Leonardo , Orcutt Tseganesh , Cooper Scott E. , Johnson Matthew D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of thalamus or posterior subthalamic area (PSA) can suppress forms of action tremor in people with Essential Tremor, previous studies have suggested postural tremor may respond more robustly than kinetic tremor to DBS.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to more precisely quantify the (1) onset/offset dynamics and (2) steady‐state effects of VIM/PSA‐DBS on postural and kinetic tremor.MethodsTremor data from wireless inertial measurement units were collected from 11 participants with ET (20 unilaterally assessed DBS leads). Three postural hold tasks and one kinetic task were performed with stimulation turned off, in 2‐min intervals after enabling unilateral DBS at the clinician‐optimized DBS setting (15 min), and in 2‐min intervals following cessation of DBS (5 min).ResultsAt baseline, kinetic tremor had significantly higher amplitudes, standard deviation, and frequency than postural tremor (P < 0.001). DBS had a more robust acute effect on postural tremors (54% decrease, P < 0.001), with near immediate tremor suppression in amplitude and standard deviation, but had non‐significant improvement of kinetic tremor on the population‐level across the wash‐in period (34% decrease). Tremor response was not equivalent between wash‐in and wash‐out timepoints and involved substantial individual variability including task‐specific rebound or long wash‐out effects.ConclusionsProgramming strategies for VIM/PSA‐DBS should consider the individual temporal and effect size variability in postural versus kinetic tremor improvement. Improved targeting and programming strategies around VIM and PSA may be necessary to equivalently suppress both postural and kinetic tremors.
Potential Disease‐Modifying Effects of Ganglioside GM1 Pulse Treatment on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3, a Parallel‐Group, Double‐Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Yong‐Kang , Tian Hai‐Yan , Zhu Qing‐Yong , Zhang Rui , Liang Dong‐Xiao , Wang Jiu‐Qi , Feng Ren‐Yi , Qin Chi , Ma Ming‐Ming , Jiang Hong , Tang Bei‐Sha , Ding Xue‐Bing , Wang Xue‐Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no cure, nor effective treatment strategy.ObjectiveOur aim was to investigate the safety and efficacy of high‐dose ganglioside GM1 (ganglioside‐monosialic acid) pulse treatment in patients with SCA3.MethodsPatients were randomly allocated to receive either high‐dose GM1 (400 mg on the first day followed by 200 mg/day), low‐dose GM1 (40 mg/day), or placebo (normal saline) for 4 weeks. The primary outcome, assessed by measuring the change in the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) scores from baseline to 12 weeks post‐treatment, is central to evaluating treatment efficacy. Secondary outcomes included changes in the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) score, Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GABA levels. Safety was assessed in all treated patients.ResultsA total of 48 patients with SCA3 were enrolled in this study. After 12 weeks, data from 43 patients were included in the efficacy analysis (intention‐to‐treat analysis). The least‐squares mean change in the SARA score from baseline to 12 weeks post‐treatment was −3.80 (standard error [SE], 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], −4.58 to −3.02) in the high‐dose GM1 group, 0.34 (SE, 0.40; 95% CI, −0.46 to 1.13) in the low‐dose GM1 group, and 0.73 (SE, 0.40; 95% CI, −0.07 to 1.52) in the placebo group, respectively. Secondary outcomes showed improvements in the ICARS score, Barthel Index of ADL, and plasma and CSF GABA levels in the high‐dose GM1 group compared to the low‐dose GM1 and placebo groups. All treatments were well‐tolerated and safe.ConclusionsHigh‐dose GM1 treatment significantly ameliorated ataxic symptoms in patients with SCA3. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Resolving Tongue Entrapment: A Comprehensive Review with Case Report
Authors: Pershad Alisha R. , Gorelik Daniel , Preciado Diego , Zalzal Habib G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo report a case of oral tongue entrapment due to a metal water bottle and review clinical considerations for managing this rare pathology.Study DesignCase report and literature review.SettingTertiary care hospital.MethodsA 6‐year‐old female presented with her tongue trapped in a threaded aluminum water bottle. Upon admission, her tongue was edematous and actively bleeding, though she was spontaneously breathing. A systematic review was then performed to document similar case studies found in the literature.ResultsEmergency removal of the foreign body was performed in the operating room using drill cutting burrs and metal shears. The bottle was successfully removed with minimal injury to the oral tongue. The patient required nasal intubation for seven days to allow the tongue edema to subside. Subsequent literature review identified 14 similar cases, with the vast majority occurring with similar brand of aluminum water bottle.ConclusionThe increasing use of reusable bottles may lead to a higher incidence of tongue entrapment cases. Awareness of this complication and appropriate management strategies are crucial to prevent severe outcomes in pediatric patients.
Enhanced gas barrier properties of brominated butyl rubber nanocomposites embedded with orientation Al2O3@PDA‐Fe3O4 nanoplatelets by a magnetic field
Authors: Li Yingjun , Lu Yingchun , Li Yunpeng , Duan Hanwen , Zhu Chaoyi , Zhou Yuanlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe strategic alignment of nanoplatelets within polymer matrices is pivotal for the development of nanocomposites with superior gas barrier characteristics. In this work, the effect of lamellar particles orientation in polymer for gas permeation was demonstrated. The magnetic α‐Al2O3 (Al2O3@PDA‐Fe3O4) was first prepared by in situ growth of Fe3O4 nanoparticles immobilized on polydopamine (PDA)‐modified Al2O3 surface. Subsequently the orientation of magnetic α‐Al2O3 in brominated butyl rubber (BIIR) was achieved by modulating the applied magnetic field direction. Results show that the PDA, as the role of surface adhesive, not only anchored Al2O3 substrate but also bound ferric ions for the further in situ formation of Fe3O4, which ensured the physico‐chemical stability of the magnetic α‐Al2O3. Comparison of hydrogen permeation performance of composites with in‐plan, middle‐of plane and out‐of plane alignment demonstrated the effect of lamellar particles orientation. The Al2O3@PDA‐Fe3O4/BIIR composite with in‐plane alignment had the best hydrogen barrier property by a 50% reduction in hydrogen permeability coefficient compared to the neat BIIR, underscoring the critical role of particle orientation in enhancing the gas barrier properties of nanocomposites.Highlights
The structural stability of magnetic Al2O3 nanocomposites was enhanced by polydopamine (PDA).
The composites with in‐plane alignment, middle‐of plane alignment and out‐of plane alignment were prepared by a magnetic field.
The effect of lamellar particles orientation on gas permeation of polymer nanocomposites was studied.
The composites with in‐plane alignment possesses the best gas barrier property.
Heterozygous Beta‐Thalassaemia in Pregnancy: Two Rare Causes of Severe Fetal Anemia Requiring Intrauterine Blood Transfusions
Authors: van der Meij Eva , Smiers Frans J. W. , Koopmann Tamara T. , Krapels Ingrid , LePoole Kaatje , Lopriore Enrico , Middeldorp Johanna M. , Ootjers Claudia S. , Scharnhorst Volkher , Scheepers Hubertina C. J. , Harteveld Cornelis L. , Verweij E. J. T. (Joanne) 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimIn this article, we present two cases of severe fetal hemolytic anemia based on a beta‐thalassaemia trait inherited from a single parent.ResultsThese cases, presented at 20 and 28 weeks' gestation, necessitated intra‐uterine blood transfusions. This occurrence is remarkable because it challenges the common assumption that beta‐thalassaemia typically has no prenatal implications regarding fetal anemia. Both fetuses inherited a rare heterozygous mutation from their mother, resulting in gamma‐thalassaemia‐related anemia. In the first case, the anemia was related to a deletion in the beta locus control region (βLCR) and in the second case, a deletion on chromosome 11p15.4 was the cause. These mutations not only affect the beta chain production, but also the gamma chain production, leading to a reduction in the synthesis of HbF, ineffective erythropoiesis and consequently, perinatal hemolytic anemia.ConclusionClinicians should be vigilant regarding these rare mutations in families with a history of beta‐thalassaemia as the fetal clinical consequences can be severe and intra‐uterine blood transfusions may prove life‐saving for these fetuses.