bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Cutaneous Gene Expression after Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer in Parry-Romberg Syndrome
Authors: Chen Jenny Tzujane , Eisinger Brian , Esquibel Corinne , Poore Samuel O. , Eliceiri Kevin , Siebert John W. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Parry-Romberg syndrome is an enigmatic craniofacial disorder characterized by progressive facial atrophy. The pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms governing Parry-Romberg syndrome have never before been described. The purpose of the current study was twofold: (1) to begin to elucidate the pathophysiology of this disease using next-generation RNA sequencing and (2) to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment on gene expression.

Methods:
Patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome underwent microvascular free tissue transfer to the face to address contour deformity in both active and burned out disease. Tissue samples were collected for analysis at the time of initial microvascular free tissue transfer, and 6 months later at a scheduled revision operation. Patients presenting for rhytidectomy had tissue samples taken as control tissue. Samples from patients with disease were compared to control samples.

Results:
Twenty-two subjects were evaluated (six control and 16 Parry-Romberg syndrome patients). All patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome underwent microvascular free tissue transfer to the face. Thirteen patients underwent scheduled 6-month revision surgery. Disease samples were distinct from healthy controls, and postoperative patient samples were more similar to healthy control samples. Parry-Romberg syndrome patients had a unique proinflammatory gene expression profile, including up-regulation of IL24, ADAMTS4, and GFCSF3. Postoperatively, more than 3400 genes were changed (p < 0.005), and of the 460 genes dysregulated in disease, 118 were changed in a corrective fashion by microvascular free tissue transfer.

Conclusions:
The authors describe for the first time molecular signatures in Parry-Romberg syndrome. Molecular signatures in skin became more similar to those in healthy controls and were associated with clinical improvement after microvascular free tissue transfer in Parry-Romberg syndrome.
Cerebrovascular disorders
Authors: Fazekas Franz , Gattringer Thomas , Enzinger Christian 
Published: June 2018

Purpose of review
Not unexpected from the variety of cerebrovascular disorders and their morphologic and clinical consequences the contributions of neuroimaging are also quite diverse and go with different approaches in different directions. By reviewing the recent advances in these various areas, we will attempt to highlight those contributions, which may be most meaningful both for the clinician and the researcher dealing with cerebrovascular disorders.

Recent findings
After long expectations of the utility of mismatch concepts, such patient selection has proven successful in extending the benefit of recanalization of acute ischaemic stroke by mechanical thrombectomy beyond 6 h and the importance of infarct size and collaterals has been documented. Insights into the association of bleeding markers such as cerebral microbleeds and cortical superficial siderosis with spontaneous, treatment-related, first or recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage have been consolidated and explored further. New data have been added to better understand the clinical and prognostic impact of the various features of small vessel disease including cortical microinfarcts.

Summary
Neuroimaging findings increasingly serve to guide treatment decisions in acute ischaemic stroke, to identify morphologic markers associated with the risk for intracerebral haemorrhage and to detect and understand the consequences of chronically accumulating cerebrovascular damage.
Nano-particles from Chaetomium against Rice Blast
Authors: Song JiaoJiao , Soytong Kasem 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTThe effective isolate of Chaetomium sp actively against Magnaporthe sp causing rice blast were tested. Morphology and phylogenic identification was also confirmed Chaetomium.sp. Magnporthe sp proved to be virulent isolate to cause blast of rice. Bi-culture test proved that Chaetomium sp can be suppressed the growth of Magnaporthe sp. The fungal metabolites extracted from Chaetomium sp expressed antifungal Magnaporthe sp. Nano-particles derived from Chaetomium sp extracts exhibited significantly antifungal activity against Magnaporthe sp. Further investigation is to formulate the nanoparticles from active compounds of Chaetomium sp for plant immunity and to be applied in the rice fields.IMPORTANCERice blast is an economic important disease which caused by Magnaporthe. It causes yield loss and economic damage wherever rice is grown in Asia. It becomes the main disease due to wide distribution and most infection under favorable condition. The farmers have been applied several kinds of chemical fungicides that leading to the pathogen become resistant to those fungicides, and causes environmental pollution which the toxic chemicals residue in soil, water and surrounding environment. The significance of this research is to discover a new agricultural input as nanoparticles from Chaetomium to control the blast pathogen which will develop the nanoproduct to elicit immunity in rice, environmental protection and food safety.
Biophysical modeling of VIM to assess contributions of oscillatory activity to essential tremor
Authors: Lee Shane , Segar David J , Asaad Wael F , Jones Stephanie R 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEssential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder, in which the primary symptom is a prominent, involuntary 4–10 Hz rhythmic movement. The presence of tremor frequency oscillations (TFOs) in the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) is well-established, but it is often assumed that it is driven by cerebellar tremor frequency activity, while the role of intrinsic oscillatory activity in VIM is not clear. An improved understanding of the mechanisms of tremor and non-tremor frequency activity in VIM is critical to the development of improved pharmacological and neuromodulatory therapies. Starting from a canonical model of thalamus, we developed a biophysically-principled computational model of tremor field activity in the VIM, coupled with the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). We simulated TFOs in the model generated either by extrinsic tremor-periodic drive or intrinsic VIM-TRN interaction to understand whether these networks exhibited distinct biophysical properties, which may impact the efficacy of pharmacological or stimulation treatment for TFOs. Extrinsic and intrinsic TFOs in the model depended on T-type Ca2+channels in different ways. Each also depended on GABA modulation in a site- and type-specific manner. These results suggested that efficacy of pharmacological manipulations may depend upon the mechanisms generating TFOs in VIM. Simulated non-tremor-related motor activity from cerebellum decreased extrinsic but increased intrinsic TFOs. Our results suggest that both mechanisms may be important to understand the emergence and cessation of TFOs in VIM and lead to experimentally testable predictions on how to modulate tremor frequency activity to improve treatment strategies for ET.Significance StatementEssential Tremor (ET) is a movement disorder in which the primary symptom is a prominent, involuntary, and rhythmic shaking, often of the hands. Electrical activity in many areas of the brain exhibit rhythmicity related to the patient’s tremor. One such area resides in a structure called the thalamus, but it is not fully known what gives rise to tremor-related activity. We created a computational model of this activity, which suggested how to differentiate tremor mechanisms and how these differences may contribute to other impairments in ET. Knowledge of the biophysical mechanisms contributing to tremor can ultimately lead to improvements in treatments to alleviate symptoms of ET.
Longitudinal changes in the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infection following expanded community-wide mass drug administration in the delta region of Myanmar
Authors: Dunn Julia C , Bettis Alison A , Wyine Nay Yee , Moe Moe Lwin Aye , Tun Aung , Maung Nay Soe , Anderson Roy M 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMass drug administration (MDA), targeted at school-aged children is the method recommended by the World Health Organization for the control of morbidity induced by soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection in endemic countries. However, MDA does not prevent reinfection between treatment rounds. In countries with endemic infection, such as Myanmar, the MDA coverage, who is targeted, and rates of reinfection in given environmental and social settings will determine how effective mass drug treatment is in suppressing transmission in the long-term. In this paper, data from an epidemiology study on STH, conducted between June 2015 and June 2016 in the delta region of Myanmar, are analysed to determine the risks of STH infection in the whole community over a year which included two MDA rounds. Risk ratios (RRs) for the four-month reinfection period were below one, whereas RRs for the six-month reinfection period were above one, indicating that more people were infected after six months of exposure post-MDA. Evidence of predisposition, as measured by the Kendall Tau-b statistic, was found for all STH species and across all age groups. This study demonstrates that a six-month gap between MDA in these communities is enough time for STH infection to return to pre-MDA levels and that the same individuals are being consistently infected between MDA rounds.Author summaryMass drug administration (MDA), treating either whole communities or targeted groups without a prior diagnosis, is used as a control strategy for many neglected tropical diseases, including soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection. MDA takes place at set intervals, aiming to reduce morbidity caused by the target disease and potentially interrupt transmission. In this study we measure STH infection in two villages in the delta region of Myanmar over the course of a year, both before and after MDA rounds, to quantify the effect of treatment on infection and to identify groups with persistent infections. We found that whilst overall prevalence of STH infection decreased over the year, intensity of infection, measured by eggs per gram of faeces, did not significantly decrease. We also found evidence to suggest that particular people are predisposed to STH infection. This is possibly due to non-compliance to MDA, or behavioural and social factors. The findings presented here will provide evidence to support continuing Myanmar’s MDA programme for STH control and using accurate diagnostics to identify and target “predisposed” people for sustained treatment.
Rapid adaptation of endocytosis, exocytosis and eisosomes after an acute increase in membrane tension in yeast cells
Authors: Lemière Joël , Ren Yuan , Berro Julien 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDuring clathrin-mediated endocytosis in eukaryotes, actin assembly is required to overcome large membrane tension and turgor pressure. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the actin machinery adapts to varying membrane tension remain unknown. In addition, how cells reduce their membrane tension when they are challenged by hypotonic shocks remains unclear. We used quantitative microscopy to demonstrate that cells rapidly reduce their membrane tension using three parallel mechanisms. In addition to using their cell wall for mechanical protection, yeast cells disassemble eisosomes to buffer moderate changes in membrane tension on a minute time scale. Meanwhile, a temporary reduction of the rate of endocytosis for 2 to 6 minutes, and an increase in the rate of exocytosis for at least 5 minutes allow cells to add large pools of membrane to the plasma membrane. We built on these results to submit the cells to abrupt increases in membrane tension and determine that the endocytic actin machinery of fission yeast cells rapidly adapts to perform clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Our study sheds light on the tight connection between membrane tension regulation, endocytosis and exocytosis.
Is it the staff or is it the food? How the attire of restaurant employees affects customer judgments of food quality
Authors: Chen Yen-Cheng Daniel , Lee Ching-Sung 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how the appearances of Chinese restaurant employees, including gender and the style and color of dress, influence the appetites and additional order intentions of customers.Design/methodology/approachThis research implemented questionnaire survey. Consumers in Chinese restaurants of international tourist hotels located in Taipei, Taiwan, were targeted as research objects. After deleting questionnaires with incomplete answers, the researchers obtained 818 valid questionnaires for data analysis.FindingsThe analysis results indicate that the gender, style of dress and degree of color coordination of a waitperson’s clothing can significantly influence consumer perceptions and feelings.Originality/valueThe analysis of this study implies that restaurant management should stress professional attendant training. By strengthening training and regulating attendant style, a management team can effectively improve upon their customers’ recognition of a business. This research addresses the influence of different dress style and dress color combinations on consumer appetites and additional order intentions.
Sustainability reporter classification matrix: explaining variations in disclosure quality
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Bilal , Ahmed Ammad , Nadeem Muhammad 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a sustainability reporter classification matrix (hereafter referred to as the “matrix”) to explain why some reporters publish better-quality sustainability reports than others and why some reporters experience improvements in the quality of their sustainability reports while others experience no improvement or a decline in sustainability report quality.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws on the existing literature, which is analysed using a combination of legitimacy theory (i.e. commitment to sustainability reporting) and resource-based view (RBV, i.e. competencies in sustainability reporting).FindingsA two-dimensional matrix is developed representing organisations’ competencies in (explained using the RBV) and commitment to (explained using legitimacy theory) sustainability reporting. Based on these two dimensions the matrix identifies four reporter classifications: incompetent uncommitted reporters (who publish low-quality reports); competent uncommitted reporters (who publish average-quality reports); incompetent committed reporters (who publish average-quality reports); and competent committed reporters (who publish high-quality reports). The matrix explains how reporters can transition from one quadrant/classification to another and how this transition can be either forward (moving from a lower quadrant to a higher quadrant), resulting in improvements in report quality, or backward (moving from a higher quadrant to a lower quadrant), leading to a deterioration in disclosure quality.Originality/valueThe study builds on the extant literature, combining legitimacy theory with the RBV, to provide a more complete explanation for why organisations publish sustainability reports of varying quality and why this quality varies over time. These insights can also be used to explain variations in the quality of integrated reports. The matrix may prove useful to practitioners as a tool for classifying reporters, identifying issues, assessing risk and tracking progress made.
Innovativeness and accounting practices: an empirical investigation
Authors: Healy Margaret , Cleary Peter , Walsh Eimear 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Innovation, the outcome of innovativeness, is a collaborative activity, requiring an integrated approach to the development and management of organisational capabilities (Tushman and Nadler, 1986), and therefore inextricably implicated in the accounting practices of organisations. Extant research however is not conclusive as to the influence of accounting practices on organisational innovativeness with some considering them enabling while others view them as restricting. This study aims to investigate the process of innovation as suggestive of a greater understanding of innovativeness as a dynamic organisational capability and therefore requiring greater consideration of the enabling conditions underpinning this.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a case study approach, and from the perspectives of three separate functionally specific organisational actors, this paper investigates the role of accounting practices in managing innovativeness within one high-technology organisation. Structuration theory is used as a lens through which the data collected are analysed.

Findings
Creative tensions (Simons, 2000) at the operational level between innovativeness and performance measurement are managed through the development of creative boundaries (“guide rails”), within which innovative solutions must be developed.

Practical implications
The findings support the assertion that the use of performance metrics (i.e. accounting practices) can support organisational innovativeness thereby potentially contributing to enhanced organisational performance.

Originality/value
Accounting metrics are simultaneously enabling and constraining, whereby the tension created from this dual functionality generates ways of empowering organisational capabilities for innovativeness throughout the organisation.
Economic development, food demand and the consequences for agricultural resource requirements: an application to Indonesia
Authors: Briggs Adam , Chowdhury Shyamal 
Published: June 2018

We analyse food demand patterns of Indonesian households from a resource intensity perspective and quantify the impact of changed demand patterns on the use of three major resource inputs: fossil fuel; land; and water in agricultural production. Using Indonesian Family Life Survey data, 13 major food items (which constitute 70 per cent of food expenditure) are categorised into low, moderate and high resource intensity, and income elasticity and Engel curves are estimated for the period from 1997 to 2007. Our results show that income growth in Indonesia is associated with demand patterns that are more resource intensive. By 2007, per capita requirements of fossil fuel, land and water increased by 42.7 per cent (3.13 MJ), 44.9 per cent (1.24 m2) and 50.4 per cent (2.1 kL), respectively, relative to 1997. The results imply that, at least for Indonesia, changed food demand patterns resulting from economic development will increase the demand for natural resources substantially.
A Hydraulic MultiModel Ensemble Framework for Visualizing Flood Inundation Uncertainty
Authors: Zarzar Christopher M. , Hosseiny Hossein , Siddique Ridwan , Gomez Michael , Smith Virginia , Mejia Alfonso , Dyer Jamie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWhile deterministic forecasts provide a single realization of potential inundation, the inherent uncertainty associated with forecasts also needs to be conveyed for improved decision support. The objective of this study was to develop an ensemble framework for the quantification and visualization of uncertainty associated with flood inundation forecast maps. An 11‐member ensemble streamflow forecast at lead times from 0 to 48 hr was used to force two hydraulic models to produce a multimodel ensemble. The hydraulic models used are (1) the International River Interface Cooperative along with Flow and Sediment Transport with Morphological Evolution of Channels solver and (2) the two‐dimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center‐River Analysis System. Uncertainty was quantified and augmented onto flood inundation maps by calculating statistical spread among the ensemble members. For visualization, a series of probability flood maps conveying the uncertainty in forecasted water extent, water depth, and flow velocity was disseminated through a web‐based decision support tool. The results from this study offer a framework for quantifying and visualizing model uncertainty in forecasted flood inundation maps.
The value and rationale of gender‐specific intervention with at‐risk adolescent girls
Authors: Piller Shir , Gibly Jess , Peled Einat 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGender‐specific intervention (GSI) with at‐risk adolescent girls (ARAGs) is highly prevalent in Israel and elsewhere; professionals commonly consider GSI to be beneficial for ARAGs. However, despite the popularity of such programmes, there is little empirical support for their effectiveness and almost no critical examination of their theoretical rationale. The aim of this qualitative, naturalistic study was to explore how experienced professionals in this domain perceive the value and rationale of GSI with ARAGs, based on in‐depth, semistructured interviews with 15 female Israeli professionals. All of the interviewees claimed that overall, GSI is the “right” or most effective way to work with ARAGs. The discussion reviews the empirical support for participants' assumptions regarding the value of GSI for ARAGs and critically considers the potential drawbacks of GSI with ARAGs.
A new minimally invasive treatment of pilonidal sinus disease with the use of a diode laser: a prospective large series of patients
Authors: Pappas A. F. , Christodoulou D. K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimVarious surgical techniques are available for the management of pilonidal sinus, but there is still controversy concerning the optimal surgical approach. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and clinical outcome of a laser procedure for the treatment of pilonidal sinus.MethodPatients suffering from pilonidal sinus were operated on with sinus laser therapy (SiLaT) in our institute. SiLaT was applied under local anaesthesia after a small skin incision of 0.5–1 cm and careful cleaning of the sinus tracts with a curette. A radial fibre connected to a diode laser set at a wavelength of 1470 nm was then introduced into the tracts. The laser energy was delivered in continuous mode.ResultsTwo‐hundred and thirty‐seven patients (183 male, median age 24 years, range 14–58) suffering from pilonidal sinus were operated on using the SiLaT laser procedure in our referral Institute and prospectively evaluated. A high healing rate was observed after the first session (90.3%, 214 of 237) with a median healing time of 47 days (range 30–70 days). A second treatment was offered for patients failing in the first session; this was successful in 78.3% (18/23). The duration of the procedure ranged between 20 and 30 min and had limited morbidity (wound infection in 7.2%, 17 of 237).ConclusionSiLaT proved to be a safe and effective procedure for treating patients suffering from pilonidal sinus. Clinical results showed low morbidity and recurrence rates comparable to the published literature for other modern techniques.