bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging ICT UAV applications and services: Design of surveillance UAVs
Authors: Kwak Jeonghoon , Park Jong Hyuk , Sung Yunsick 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAn unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft with no pilot. The autonomous flight technology of a UAV is combined with emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) applications and services to monitor diverse kinds of environments. UAVs are suitable for surveillance of targets because of their onboard cameras. It is possible to autonomously capture images of surveillance targets based on predefined paths. However, UAVs must generate a flight path for autonomous flight considering the surveillance targets. This paper proposes a UAV control process for surveillance taking into account various aspects of their operation. In particular, because flights of autonomous UAVs are based on analyzed past flight records, this paper first described surveillance using UAVs and then introduced the sequential processes for the generation of optimal UAV flight paths.
A pilot study of multifamily therapy group for young adults with anorexia nervosa: Reconnecting for recovery
Authors: Tantillo Mary , McGraw Jennifer Sanftner , Lavigne Holly McGregor , Brasch Judith , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect sizes on outcome measures of Reconnecting for Recovery (R4R) Multifamily Therapy Group for young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodTen participants (mean age = 23 years, SD = 3.6) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition criteria for a restrictive eating disorder (AN or other specified feeding and eating disorder) and 14 family members received 16 R4R outpatient sessions over 26 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated by recruitment and retention rates and patient/family member suitability scores. Outcomes were determined utilizing the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), weight (body mass index), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale.ResultsAll participants and 12 family members were retained, and the majority found R4R acceptable. EDE global score and lack of emotional awareness improved significantly from baseline (BL) to end‐of‐treatment (EOT) and BL to 6‐month follow‐up (6MFU) with moderate to large effect sizes (0.47–1.41). Limited access to emotion regulation strategies (LAERS) improved significantly from BL to 6MFU (moderate effect size; 0.57). Improvements in LAERS from BL to EOT (0.32) and weight from BL to EOT and BL to 6MFU were not significant (effect sizes 0.16–0.22).DiscussionFindings provide preliminary evidence that R4R is feasible, acceptable, and produces clinically significant changes in targeted outcomes.
Ductility demands of tall buildings subjected to base rocking induced by Rayleigh waves
Authors: Meza Fajardo Kristel C. , Papageorgiou Apostolos S. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryPerformance‐based earthquake engineering requires accurate estimation of structural response associated with different damage states because of strong ground motion. In recent work (Meza‐Fajardo and Papageorgiou, 2018, EESD), we demonstrated that a significant contribution to the response of elastic soil‐structure systems for high‐rise buildings is attributed to base rocking associated with Rayleigh waves. The present paper presents results of a study investigating the effects of Rayleigh waves on the response of soil‐structure systems with nonlinear behavior at the level of the superstructure. By introducing a rigid‐elastic rotational spring at the base of the building, we take into account the stiffness reduction due to damage to the lateral load‐resisting system at its root, and with it, increased displacement demands. Considering different levels of ductility and post‐yield stiffness, we investigate the impact of rocking because of Rayleigh waves on maximum and residual interstory drift ratios. Our results indicate that rocking due to surface waves should be an important consideration for design and evaluation of tall buildings, as inelastic action elongates their effective natural period, and consequently, they are more prone to be damaged by resonance and excitation of extended duration because of Rayleigh waves.
Machine learning identifies unaffected first‐degree relatives with functional network patterns and cognitive impairment similar to those of schizophrenia patients
Authors: Jing Rixing , Li Peng , Ding Zengbo , Lin Xiao , Zhao Rongjiang , Shi Le , Yan Hao , Liao Jinmin , Zhuo Chuanjun , Lu Lin , Fan Yong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ) patients and their unaffected first‐degree relatives (FDRs) share similar functional neuroanatomy. However, it remains largely unknown to what extent unaffected FDRs with functional neuroanatomy patterns similar to patients can be identified at an individual level. In this study, we used a multivariate pattern classification method to learn informative large‐scale functional networks (FNs) and build classifiers to distinguish 32 patients from 30 healthy controls and to classify 34 FDRs as with or without FNs similar to patients. Four informative FNs—the cerebellum, default mode network (DMN), ventral frontotemporal network, and posterior DMN with parahippocampal gyrus—were identified based on a training cohort and pattern classifiers built upon these FNs achieved a correct classification rate of 83.9% (sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 80.0%, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.914) estimated based on leave‐one‐out cross‐validation for the training cohort and a correct classification rate of 77.5% (sensitivity 72.5%, specificity 82.5%, and AUC 0.811) for an independent validation cohort. The classification scores of the FDRs and patients were negatively correlated with their measures of cognitive function. FDRs identified by the classifiers as having SCZ patterns were similar to the patients, but significantly different from the controls and FDRs with normal patterns in terms of their cognitive measures. These results demonstrate that the pattern classifiers built upon the informative FNs can serve as biomarkers for quantifying brain alterations in SCZ and help to identify FDRs with FN patterns and cognitive impairment similar to those of SCZ patients.
A marathon, not a sprint: Growth and evolution of community‐based pharmacy residency education and training
Authors: Goode Jean‐Venable R. , Owen James A. , Bennett Marialice S. , Burns Anne L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCommunity‐based pharmacy residency programs, which emerged over 35 years ago, have grown to 218 programs to be the second largest first‐year postgraduate pharmacy residency education and training program in the United States. This paper is intended to provide a history and current status of community‐based pharmacy residency education and training. Multiple major milestones and activities, including funding, advisory panels, training for meeting the Accreditation Standard and other resources have contributed to the evolution of community‐based pharmacy residency programs. Over the years, the community‐based residency program education and training guidelines and standards have changed to focus on the individual. This focus has resulted in the emergence of new practice sites for training such as health‐system community pharmacies and federally‐qualified healthcare centers. The longitudinal learning experiences of the Standard enable residency graduates to function as community‐based pharmacist practitioners (CPPs). CPPs provide leadership and patient care services to meet the needs of patients in the communities that they serve. The next generation of CPPs will lead the advancement and transformation of community‐based pharmacy practice and provide increased access to care and improved patient outcomes.
Bioadaptive nanorod array topography of hydroxyapatite and TiO2 on Ti substrate to preosteoblast cell behaviors
Authors: Pang Shumin , Sun Manman , Huang Zhiqiang , He Yuan , Luo Xueshi , Guo Zhenzhao , Li Hong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBioadaptive nanostructure coatings of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and TiO2 on titanium (Ti) implants are essential for biomaterial‐tissue osteointegration. However, there is no specific report, so far, that focuses on the different influences of the two bioadaptive coatings on preosteoblast behaviors. Herein, adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic potential of preosteoblast on HAP and TiO2 coatings with nanorod array topography were studied. XRD, TEM, and SAED analysis indicated that rod‐like HAP nanoarray and anatase TiO2 nanoarray coatings were fabricated successfully, and there was insignificant difference in roughness and fibronectin adsorption of the two coatings. Adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells on the two coatings were of no significant difference, besides a larger projected area of the cells on HAP coating. MC3T3‐E1 cells cultured on the HAP coating displayed significantly higher expression of runt‐related transcription factor‐2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen type‐1 (Col I) after culture for 21 days compared with those on TiO2 coating, except alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study provides beneficial suggestion for intelligent selection of biocoatings.
Fibulin‐5 contributes to colorectal cancer cell apoptosis via the ROS/MAPK and Akt signal pathways by downregulating transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1
Authors: Chen Yan , Li Junzhi , Jin Lei , Lei Kai , Liu Haiwang , Yang Yong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFibulin‐5, a multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, is secreted into the ECM, regulating metastasis and invasion in many malignant tumors. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been reported. In this study, we detected the expression of fibulin‐5 in 56 CRC patients and eight CRC cell lines, revealing that fibulin‐5 was expressed lower in CRC tumor tissues than in peritumor tissues. Furthermore, our study verified that fibulin‐5 promoted cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by inhibiting transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) in CRC cells. Moreover, NAC (the scavenger of ROS), SB203580 (the inhibitor of p38), PD98059 (the inhibitor of ERK), and SC79 (the activator of Akt) were used to uncover that fibulin‐5 induced apoptosis through the ROS/mitogen‐activated protein kinase and Akt signal pathways by downregulating TRPV1. Together, these results suggest that fibulin‐5 might serve as a novel drug target for the treatment of CRC patients.
Autophagy and mTOR pathways in mouse embryonic stem cell, lung cancer and somatic fibroblast cell lines
Authors: Oltulu Fatih , Kocatürk Duygu Ç. , Adalı Yasemin , Özdil Berrin , Açikgöz Eda , Gürel Çevik , Karabay Yavasoğlu N. Ulku , Aktuğ Huseyin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEmbryonic developmental stages and regulations have always been one of the most intriguing aspects of science. Since the cancer stem cell discovery, striking for cancer development and recurrence, embryonic stem cells and control mechanisms, as well as cancer cells and cancer stem cell control mechanisms become important research materials. It is necessary to reveal the similarities and differences between somatic and cancer cells which are formed of embryonic stem cells divisions and determinations. For this purpose, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), mouse skin fibroblast cells (MSFs) and mouse lung squamous cancer cells (SqLCCs) were grown in vitro and the differences between these three cell lines signalling regulations of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and autophagic pathways were demonstrated by immunofluorescence and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Expressional differences were clearly shown between embryonic, cancer and somatic cells that mESCs displayed higher expressional level of Atg10, Hdac1 and Cln3 which are related with autophagic regulation and Hsp4, Prkca, Rhoa and ribosomal S6 genes related with mTOR activity. LC3 and mTOR protein levels were lower in mESCs than MSFs. Thus, the mechanisms of embryonic stem cell regulation results in the formation of somatic tissues whereas that these cells may be the causative agents of cancer in any deterioration.
miR‐497a‐5p attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory injury by targeting IRAK2
Authors: Guo Shuai , Chen Yu , Liu Junfeng , Yang Jing , Yang Chao , Zhang Tao , Jiang Kangfeng , Wu Zhimin , Shaukat Aftab , Deng Ganzhen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a severe acute inflammatory reaction of the lungs caused by a variety of factors, which can lead to a high mortality rate. MicroRNAs are a novel therapeutic molecule that play a vital role in many diseases. However, its mechanism of action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced mouse ALI is not clear. The study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of miR‐497 in LPS‐induced ALI. As a result, it was found that the expression of miR‐497 in the inflammatory reaction showed a decrease in time and dose trends. Importantly, miR‐497 reduced LPS‐induced expression levels of related inflammatory factors. In addition, we also demonstrated that IRAK2 is a direct target molecule of miR‐497. Interestingly, we further found that miR‐497 inhibits the expression of IRAK2 by targeting IRAK2–3′UTR. Therefore, miR‐497 can partially negatively regulate the activation of IRAK2‐NF‐κB pathway in LPS‐induced inflammatory responses.
Discovery of Novel D‐A and D‐π‐A Structured Carbazole‐Based Formazan Dyes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Gundogdu Hizliates Cevher 
Published: May 2019

In the current study, new carbazole‐based formazan dyes, D‐A and D‐π‐A, were synthesized, and their spectroscopic properties were studied for the first time. For this aim, carbazole aldehyde compounds were modified by the derivatization of carbazole, a natural electron‐donor compound, from 3‐ and 9‐position. Then, hydrazone derivatives were synthesized from these aldehyde derivatives. Finally, D‐A (5A–C) and D‐π‐A (6A–C) carbazole–formazan dyes were obtained by the interaction of the hydrazone compounds with p‐substituted aniline. After characterization of the structures of these compounds, photophysical properties of the carbazole–formazans were studied in the different polarity media (i.e., acetonitrile, toluene, and chloroform) in order to detect the solvent effects. Because of the π‐conjugated bridge and the electron acceptor nitro group at the para position, D‐π‐A structured carbazole–formazan dye 6C showed the highest Stokes shift of 155 nm.
Can texture analysis in ultrashort echo‐time MRI distinguish primary graft dysfunction from acute rejection in lung transplants? A multidimensional assessment in a mouse model
Authors: Euler André , Blüthgen Christian , Wurnig Moritz C. , Jungraithmayr Wolfgang , Boss Andreas 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundDifferentiation of early postoperative complications affects treatment options after lung transplantation.PurposeTo assess if texture analysis in ultrashort echo‐time (UTE) MRI allows distinction of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) from acute transplant rejection (ATR) in a mouse lung transplant model.Study TypeLongitudinal.Animal ModelSingle left lung transplantation was performed in two cohorts of six mice (strain C57BL/6) receiving six syngeneic (strain C57BL/6) and six allogeneic lung transplants (strain BALB/c (H‐2Kd)).Field Strength/Sequence4.7T small‐animal MRI/eight different UTE sequences (echo times: 50–5000 μs) at three different postoperative timepoints (1, 3, and 7 days after transplantation).AssessmentNineteen different first‐ and higher‐order texture features were computed on multiple axial slices for each combination of UTE and timepoint (24 setups) in each mouse. Texture features were compared for transplanted (graft) and contralateral native lungs between and within syngeneic and allogeneic cohorts. Histopathology served as a reference.Statistical TestsNonparametric tests and correlation matrix analysis were used.ResultsPathology revealed PGD in the syngeneic and ATR in the allogeneic cohort. Skewness and low‐gray‐level run‐length features were significantly different between PGD and ATR for all investigated setups (P < 0.03). These features were significantly different between graft and native lung in ATR for most setups (minimum of 20/24 setups; all P < 0.05). The number of significantly different features between PGD and ATR increased with elapsing postoperative time. Differences in significant features were highest for an echo‐time of 1500 μs.Data ConclusionOur findings suggest that texture analysis in UTE‐MRI might be a tool for the differentiation of PGD and ATR in the early postoperative phase after lung transplantation.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:108–116.
Home Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Feeding: Difficulties and Needs of Caregivers, Qualitative Study
Authors: Sezer Rana Elcin , Ozdemir Koken Zeliha , Senol Celik Sevilay 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) may cause complications when adequate and appropriate care is not provided. To avoid these complications, caregivers’ experiences and practices must be considered.MethodsThis study used the phenomenological qualitative research method. Twenty‐one caregivers underwent in‐depth interviews and were observed for PEG practices. Interview and observational data were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsThis study revealed 8 themes and 24 subthemes under 3 categories of PEG management, social‐emotional change of the caregivers, and expectations, and it was observed that caregivers made errors in stoma care, tube feeding, and medication administration through the PEG tube.ConclusionResults indicated that comprehensive and practical discharge training, and home care and counseling services should be provided to effectively address the challenges faced by caregivers of patients with PEG.
Salt Effect on the Solution Properties of Cationic Gemini/Conventional Surfactants in the Presence of the Nonionic Polymer Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose
Authors: Bhardwaj Prashant , Kamil Mohammad , Panda Manorama 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this article, we report the salt effect on interaction of a water‐soluble polymer hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) with the cationic Gemini surfactant (ethane‐1, 2‐diyl bis(N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐hexadecylammoniumacetoxy) dichloride, 16‐E2‐16), and also its monomeric counterpart cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) using the tensiometric method. Surface tension of the amphiphiles diminished in the presence of the polymer as well as salts; eventually, the polymer gets saturated with the surfactant and there is no further change of surface tension of the solution. Interaction between the polymer and surfactant starts at the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) that is stronger for 16‐E2‐16 than CTAC. CAC and critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of the surfactant‐polymer binary mixtures at various concentrations of the polymer were determined. CAC as well as CMC of 16‐E2‐16 are considerably lower than CTAC. The inorganic salts (KCl and KBr) have a considerable influence on the polymer–surfactant interaction.
Effect of raw material and starters on the metabolite constituents and microbial community diversity of fermented soy sauce
Authors: Liang Ru , Huang Jun , Wu Xueming , Fan Jun , Xu Yi , Wu Chongde , Jin Yao , Zhou Rongqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe quality of soy sauce is strongly affected by microorganisms and raw materials (defatted soybean or whole soybean). The present study investigated the effect of two types of fortified pattern, including inoculation with starters (Tetragenococcus halophilus combined with Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Candida versatilis), and adding culture medium (saccharified rice flour solution), on the metabolite profiles and microbial community of soy sauce produced from defatted soybean (DP) and whole soybean (HD). Relationships between microbes and volatiles, and their interactions, were shown.RESULTSThe dominant metabolites differed in the soy sauce samples except for isoflavones. Alcohols and phenols were higher in DP moromi. Two classes of dominant esters, long‐chain fatty acid esters (LFAE) and unsaturated‐short‐chain fatty acid esters (USFAE), were higher in HD moromi than DP. Weissella, Leuconostoc, and Aspergillus were the dominant microbes. Leuconostoc, and Aspergillus increased, and Weissella decreased in moromi inoculated with starters compared with a control. Similar changes to Leuconostoc were observed in moromi added culture medium.CONCLUSIONSThe microbes were responsible for the formation of volatiles. The intergeneric interactions with microbes were affected by fortified pattern. The effect of starters or culture medium on microbial community and metabolites of soy sauce depended on the raw material. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Annual survival in female white‐winged scoters and lesser scaup
Authors: Slattery Stuart M. , Clark Robert G. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTQuantifying survival and understanding underlying sources of variation are important for developing population models and informing management decisions. We estimated apparent survival (i.e., true survival less permanent emigration) for adult female white‐winged scoters (Melanitta fusca) and lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) breeding at a northern boreal forest site in western Canada, 2002–2008. We also evaluated variation in survival relative to indices of breeding status, individual quality, spring weather conditions, local small‐mammal abundance, and overwinter climate. Breeding female scoters had higher apparent survival than did nonbreeding females, suggesting that breeders had higher survival or fidelity to the study area, or that more nonbreeders were transient birds that may have bred elsewhere in subsequent years. Apparent survival rate for breeding female scoters was unrelated to other individual and environmental covariates. Nest‐trapped female scaup had higher apparent survival rates than did prenesting females captured in decoy traps, implying that more pre‐nesters dispersed permanently or died after marking. Nesting female scaup with higher body condition or those in years when small mammals were more abundant had higher apparent survival; associations between survival and other environmental covariates were less certain. Overall, apparent survival rate of breeding adult female scoters was lower than reported for scoters from other North American locations or for other sea duck species, whereas estimates for nesting female scaup were comparable with those from other boreal and prairie‐parkland locations. Our results indicate that for scaup in this region, factors influencing female body condition, such as maintaining high‐quality habitat, areas with abundant food or low disturbance, could improve annual survival. © The Wildlife Society, 2019