bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convective response to large-scale forcing in the tropical western Pacific simulated by spCAM5 and CanAM4.3
Authors: Mitovski Toni , Cole Jason N. S. , McFarlane Norman A. , von Salzen Knut , Zhang Guang J. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Changes in the large-scale environment during convective precipitation events in the
tropical western Pacific simulated by version 4.3 of the Canadian Atmospheric
Model (CanAM4.3) are compared against those simulated by version 5.0 of the
super-parameterized Community Atmosphere Model (spCAM5). This is done by
compositing sub-hourly output of convective rainfall, convective available
potential energy (CAPE), CAPE generation due to large-scale forcing in the
free troposphere (dCAPELSFT) and near-surface vertical velocity
(ω) over the time period May–July 1997. Compared to spCAM5, CanAM4.3
tends to produce more frequent light convective precipitation (<0.2 mm h−1) and underestimates the frequency of extreme convective
precipitation (>2 mm h−1). In spCAM5, 5 % of convective
precipitation events lasted less than 1.5 h and 75 % lasted between 1.5
and 3.0 h, while in CanAM4.3 80 % of the events lasted less than 1.5 h.
Convective precipitation in spCAM5 is found to be a function of
dCAPELSFT and the large-scale near-surface ω with
variations in ω slightly leading variations in convective
precipitation. Convective precipitation in CanAM4.3 does not have the same
dependency and instead is found to be a function of CAPE.
Numerical issues of the Total Exchange Flow (TEF) analysis framework for quantifying estuarine circulation
Authors: Lorenz Marvin , Klingbeil Knut , MacCready Parker , Burchard Hans 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. For more than a century, estuarine exchange flow has been quantified by means
of the Knudsen relations which connect bulk quantities such as inflow and
outflow volume fluxes and salinities. These relations are closely linked to
estuarine mixing. The recently developed Total Exchange Flow (TEF) analysis framework, which uses
salinity coordinates to calculate these bulk quantities, allows an exact
formulation of the Knudsen relations in realistic cases. There are however
numerical issues, since the original method does not converge to the TEF bulk
values for an increasing number of salinity classes. In the present study,
this problem is investigated and the method of dividing salinities,
described by MacCready et al. (2018), is mathematically introduced. A
challenging yet compact analytical scenario for a well-mixed estuarine
exchange flow is investigated for both methods, showing the proper
convergence of the dividing salinity method. Furthermore, the dividing
salinity method is applied to model results of the Baltic Sea to demonstrate
the analysis of realistic exchange flows and exchange flows with more than
two layers.
Empidoid flies from Cabo Verde (Diptera, Empidoidea, Dolichopodidae and Hybotidae) are not only composed of Old World tropical species
Authors: Grootaert Patrick , Van de Velde Isabella 
Published: May 2019

In the present paper three empidoid fly species new to science are described from the island Sal of the Cabo Verde archipelago. Aphrosylus salensis sp. nov., a marine dolichopodid fly, is found in the splash zone of a rocky sea shore. Crossopalpus salensis sp. nov. (Hybotidae) is recorded from two different sebkhas. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov. is reported from an irrigated wasteland. A key to the species of these two genera occurring on Cape Verde is provided. The presence of the morphospecies Tachytrechus tessellatus (Macquart, 1842), a presumed Old World tropical species, is confirmed.
ANÁLISE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DAS ÁGUAS DE TRÊS POÇOS AMAZONAS NO CENTRO DA CIDADE DE POMBAL-PB
Authors: Crispim Diêgo Lima , Oliveira Andréa Maria Brandão Mendes de , Chaves Alan Dél Carlos Gomes , Coelho Luiz Fernando de Oliveira , Andrade Sanduel Oliveira de 
Published: May 2019

A água subterrânea é uma fonte imprescindível para o abastecimento público de diversas cidades da região semiárida, haja vista que vários municípios passam por períodos prolongados de estiagem e secas severas, fazendo com que os reservatórios utilizados para o abastecimento de água tenham redução drástica dos seus níveis de água, e consequentemente, prejudicando o abastecimento. Na cidade de Pombal a água proveniente do manancial subterrâneo vem sendo utilizada para suprir as necessidades e atividades diárias de alguns habitantes. Ante o exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade da água de três poços tipo amazonas localizados no centro da cidade de Pombal-PB, por meio da avaliação de parâmetros físico-químicos. No período de agosto a dezembro de 2012, foram realizadas sete campanhas, e os parâmetros físico-químicos analisados foram: Cor, Turbidez, Condutividade elétrica, Sólidos totais dissolvidos, pH, Oxigênio dissolvido (OD), Alcalinidade, Dureza total, Cloretos, Temperatura do ar e Temperatura da água. As análises foram realizadas no Laboratório de Análises de Água – LAAg, da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Pombal-PB. O procedimento de coleta, acondicionamento e preservação seguiram as normas estabelecidas no manual prático da Funasa. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que as amostras encontram-se dentro dos valores máximos estabelecidos pela Portaria nº. 2.914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde. Embora o parâmetro alcalinidade total não seja previsto na legislação brasileira, os valores encontrados excedem o limite máximo da OMS.
Modelo de envejecimiento activo: causas, indicadores y predictores en adultos mayores en Chile
Authors: Fernández Francisca , Nazar Gabriela , Alcover Carlos María 
Published: May 2019

ResumenCon el aumento de la población adulta mayor a nivel mun­dial, existe un creciente interés por comprender los facto­res implicados en el envejecimiento activo. No obstante, lo extendido del uso del constructo y de investigaciones en la materia, aún persisten complejidades en su operaciona­lización y factores predictores. En el presente estudio se diseñó un modelo de envejecimiento activo utilizando un modelo MIMIC (Múltiple Causas y Múltiples Indicado­res), una variante de ecuaciones estructurales, en una muestra de 204 adultos mayores chilenos. La funcionali­dad física y cognitiva, junto a variables asociadas a la to­nalidad afectiva, aparecen como causas, mientras que la ausencia de sintomatología depresiva y la condición de ac­tivo en el mercado laboral, aparecen como indicadores de envejecimiento activo. El modelo mostró un ajuste satis­factorio, χ² (80) = 107.8, p = .34, CFI = .942, TLI = .942 y RMSEA = .0416, p = .74, y permitió generar un indicador de envejecimiento activo, a partir del cual se identificaron sus predictores. Las variables sociales mostraron una alta capacidad predictiva (R² = .214), seguidas por las varia­bles de estilo de vida (R² = .154) y características indivi­duales (R² = .137). El modelo propuesto se considera un aporte relevante en la operacionalización de envejeci­miento activo.AbstractWith the increase in the elderly population worldwide there is an increasing interest for understanding the factors involved in the successful or active aging. However, de­spite the use of the construct and studies on the issue, com­plexities persist in its operationalization and its predicting factors. In the present study, a model of active aging using a MIMIC model (Multiple Causes and Multiple Indica­tors) a variant of structural equations was used, in a sample of 204 Chilean elderly. Both physical and cognitive func­tionality, together with variables associated to affective tone appear as causes, whereas the absence of depressive symptoms and the active role in the labor market appear as indicators of active aging. The model showed a good fit, χ²(80) = 107.8, p = .34, CFI = .942, TLI = .942 y RMSEA = .0416, p = .74 and allowed generating an indi­cator of active aging, from which its predictors were iden­tified. Social variables showed high predictive capacity (R² = .214), followed by variables related to lifestyle (R² = .154) and individual variables (R² = .137). The pro­posed model is considered as a significant contribution in the operationalization of the active aging.
Recent progress of tunnel junction-based ultra-violet light emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Yuewei , Jamal-Eddine Zane , Rajan Siddharth 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
AlGaN-based UV LEDs are promising for a wide range of industrial, household and healthcare applications. However, widespread adoption of UV LEDs is limited by the poor device efficiency. This has been attributed to the strong internal light absorption and poor electrical injection efficiency associated with the conventional UV LED structures, which typically use an absorbing p-GaN layer for p-type contact. Recent development of ultra-wide bandgap AlGaN tunnel junctions enabled a novel UV LED design with the absence of the absorbing p-GaN contact layer. In this work, we review the recent progress of AlGaN tunnel junctions and the development of tunnel junction-based UV LEDs, and discuss the challenges and future perspectives for the realization of high power, high efficiency UV LEDs.
India's Export Performance of Animal Products under New Food Safety Law Regime
Authors: Kumar Sarvesh , Gautam Harsh Kumar , Singh Shailendra Vikram 
Published: May 2019

The study attempts an appraisal of the effectiveness of India’s new food safety regulation on animal products exported to various countries. The study is based on data (quantity) of exports of different animal products exported from India collected for period 2005-06 to 2016-17. The mean of and variability in exports (quantity) of animal products were compared for pre and post FSS regime to assess the magnitude and stability in the exports of animal products after implementation of India’s new food safety law. The result shows that most of the animal products, except sheep and goat meat, animal casing and caseins, exported from India were stable as CV values significantly decreased during Post-FSS Regime as compared to Pre-FSS Regime. It indicates that new food safety law (FSS Act) of India addressed the food safety issues in the sequence of the global demand. The country-wise quantity of export of animal products was analyzed and found that natural honey, caseins, buffalo meat and poultry products were main animal products exported to the USA as well as EU except for buffalo meat, as indicated higher mean value. Similarly, most of the animal products exported to the USA were higher in post-FSS regime in comparison to the pre-FSS regime as a significant increase in the mean value of said products during the post-FSS regime. However, the export quantity of sheep & goat meat, dairy products, caseins exported to USA decrease drastically in the post-FSS regime. Contrary, quantities of all animal products exported from India to EU were decreased in the post-FSS regime. Further, import procedure/ border check in the developed countries have made differences and restricts the import of animal products exported from India in its geographical boundaries. The shipments refusal of most of the agricultural commodities including animal products exported from India were increased in post FSS regime. The study found that imposing new food safety standards by India tend to have a positive impact on the export of animal products but food safety standard still a trade barrier for developing countries like India because of insufficiency of harmonized food safety law at a domestic level across the articles.
Separation, Analysis and Validation of Metal Ions in Aqueous Samples Using Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Hailemichael Aron , Crouch Andrew Martin , Manohar Arumugam , Afewerki Medhanie 
Published: May 2019

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been developed as one of the powerful separation techniques for the analysis of inorganic and organic ions in complex matrices in the recent past. In aqueous samples, most of the inorganic ions are having weak absorption profiles in the UV-Vis region of the spectrum. These low absorption profile ionic species are commonly detected by indirect UV absorbance with the addition of an absorbing co-ion (chromophore) into the electrolyte. The inorganic cations oftenly require an additional complexing agent to selectively alter their similar mobilities and proper separation. The indirect detection at 214 nm was performed with α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (α-HIBA)-4-aminopyridine background electrolyte (BGE) that has a characteristic absorbance at 214 nm. The BGE was applied for the separation, analysis, and validation of metal ions in water samples. The metal ions such as K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ were separated successfully in this study. Also, the effect of electrolyte pH, applied voltage and injection time for the separation of cations was investigated.
Photoreversible Soft Azo Dye Materials: Toward Optical Control of Bio‐Interfaces
Authors: Chang Victoria Y. , Fedele Chiara , Priimagi Arri , Shishido Atsushi , Barrett Christopher J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPhotoreversible optically switchable azo dye molecules in polymer‐based materials can be harnessed to control a wide range of physical, chemical, and mechanical material properties in response to light, that can be exploited for optical control over the bio‐interface. As a stimulus for reversibly influencing adjacent biological cells or tissue, light is an ideal triggering mechanism, since it can be highly localized (in time and space) for precise and dynamic control over a biosystem, and low‐power visible light is also an inherently gentle, benign, and nondamaging stimulus in a biological environment. Azobenzene‐based dyes in particular are emerging as especially attractive candidates among photoreversible molecules, and soft azobenzene‐containing materials are promising due to their ease of incorporation, and efficient and robust photochemistry and photophysics. This review provides a current survey of the use of photoreversible azo soft materials in cell biology and tissue engineering bio‐interface applications, to afford light control over molecular motion (orientation, flow), by inscribing surface morphological patterns or macroscopically photoactuating surfaces and structures, via three key photophysical and bioactive effects enabled by the azo groups' light‐induced photo‐orientation, topological optical patterning, and photomechanical actuation.
General Interfacial Self‐Assembly Engineering for Patterning Two‐Dimensional Polymers with Cylindrical Mesopores on Graphene
Authors: Tian Hao , Qin Jieqiong , Hou Dan , Li Qian , Li Chen , Wu Zhong‐Shuai , Mai Yiyong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFree‐standing 2D porous nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest as ideal candidates of 2D film electrodes for planar energy storage devices. Nevertheless, the construction of well‐defined mesopore arrays parallel to the lateral surface, which facilitate fast in‐plane ionic diffusion, is a challenge. Now, a universal interface self‐assembly strategy is used for patterning 2D porous polymers, for example, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polydopamine, with cylindrical mesopores on graphene nanosheets. The resultant 2D sandwich‐structured nanohybrids are employed as the interdigital microelectrodes for the assembly of planar micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), which deliver outstanding volumetric capacitance of 102 F cm−3 and energy density of 2.3 mWh cm−3, outperforming most reported MSCs. The MSCs display remarkable flexibility and superior integration for boosting output voltage and capacitance.
Ovatodiolides: Scalable Protection‐Free Syntheses, Configuration Determination, and Biological Evaluation against Hepatic Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Xiang Junhong , Ding Yahui , Li Jiaxin , Zhao Xiuhe , Sun Yuanjun , Wang Da , Wang Liang , Chen Yue 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA concise, scalable, six‐step (longest linear sequence) synthetic route to ovatodiolide scaffolds was developed for the first time. This protecting‐group‐free route features tandem ring‐opening metathesis/ring‐closing metathesis reactions to install the macrocycle‐fused butenolide ring and a tandem allylboration/lactonization to build the α‐methylene‐γ‐lactone. Our syntheses have enabled the determination of the hitherto unknown stereochemical configurations of this family of natural products. Preliminary tests of structure–activity relationships were conducted with four natural ovatodiolides and three analogues. Further assays indicated that the synthetic natural product isoovatodiolide can significantly decrease the population of hepatic cancer stem cells and reduce the tumorsphere‐forming capability of HepG2 cells.
Organoboron Complexes in Edge‐Sharing Macrocycles: The Triphyrin(2.1.1)–Tetraphyrin(1.1.1.1) Hybrid
Authors: Stawski Wojciech , Hurej Karolina , Skonieczny Janusz , Pawlicki Miłosz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe formation of a precisely designed environment predefined for stabilizing electron‐deficient atoms, such as boron(III), is an important approach for optimizing the properties of a chromophore. A triphyrin(2.1.1) motif built on the extended π‐system of a tetraphyrin(1.1.1.1) skeleton creates a new coordination environment, with a CNN set of donors confined in a limited space predefined for binding small cations. The entrapment of boron(III) in the triphyrin(2.1.1) sector, with formation of a direct B−C bond, significantly changes the optical response and the global aromatic character of the compound, leading to an extension of the π‐delocalisation.
Kupferkatalysierte regio‐ und enantioselektive Addition von Silicium‐Grignard‐Reagenzien an durch Azaarylgruppen aktivierte Alkene
Authors: Mao Wenbin , Xue Weichao , Irran Elisabeth , Oestreich Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEs wird über eine neue Anwendung von Silicum‐Grignard‐Reagenzien in der C(sp3)‐Si‐Bindungsknüpfung berichtet. Mit Unterstützung von BF3⋅OEt2 addieren diese Siliciumnukleophile unter Kupferkatalyse an Alkene, die durch verschiedene Azaarylgruppen aktiviert sind. Für Benzoxazol als Heteroarylsubstituent wurde eine enantioselektive Variante unter Verwendung eines CuI‐Josiphos‐Komplexes entwickelt, mit der die C(sp3)‐Si‐Bindung mit guten bis hohen Enantiomerenverhältnissen gebildet wird (bis zu 97:3). Die Methode bereichert das Repertoire für die Knüpfung von C(sp3)‐Si‐Bindungen über eine konjugierte Addition.
Assessing the effect of advertising expenditures upon sales: A Bayesian structural time series model
Authors: Gallego Víctor , Suárez‐García Pablo , Angulo Pablo , Gómez‐Ullate David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe propose a robust implementation of the Nerlove‐Arrow model using a Bayesian structural time series model to explain the relationship between advertising expenditures of a countrywide fast‐food franchise network with its weekly sales. Due to the flexibility and modularity of the model, it is well suited to generalization to other markets or situations. Its Bayesian nature facilitates incorporating a priori information reflecting the manager's views, which can be updated with relevant data. This aspect of the model will be used to support the decision of the manager on the budget scheduling of the advertising firm across time and channels.
PBX3 hypermethylation in peripheral blood leukocytes predicts better prognosis in colorectal cancer: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Sun Hongru , Huang Hao , Li Dapeng , Zhang Lei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Xu Jing , Liu Ying , Liu Yupeng , Zhao Yashuang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe significance of gene methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) for assessing cancer prognosis is poorly understood. Our purpose is to assess the association between PBX3 methylation in PBLs and colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis.MethodsA total of 369 CRC patients were followed up for up to 10 years in this cohort study. PBL PBX3 methylation levels were determined by methylation‐sensitive high‐resolution melting. Cox regression models and Log‐rank tests were used to analyze the associations between PBX3 methylation status and CRC prognosis with a propensity score (PS) method to control confounding biases.ResultsIn this study, we found that CRC patients with PBL PBX3 hypermethylation status had a better overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HRPS‐adjusted], 0.72 [95% CI, 0.52‐1.00]; P = 0.049). Subgroup analyses showed that the beneficial effect of PBX3 hypermethylation status on CRC 10‐years OS remained significant among UICC stage III patients ([HRPS‐adjusted], 0.60 [95% CI, 0.38 to 0.95]; P = 0.029) and colon cancer patients ([HRPS‐adjusted], 0.49 [95% CI, 0.26 to 0.92]; P = 0.027).ConclusionPBL PBX3 hypermethylation is positively associated with better prognosis of CRC, especially for the UICC stage III CRC patients and colon cancer patients.
Impact of intensively lowered low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol on deferred lesion prognosis
Authors: Nakamura Shun , Yamamoto Takanobu , Teng Yun , Matsumoto Sawa , Kasano Kensuke , Yoshiwara Hirotaka , Hattori Eijiro , Tokunaga Takeshi , Yonetsu Taishi , Hirao Kenzo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of intensively lowered low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) level on the deferred lesion prognosis after revascularization deferral based on fractional flow reserve (FFR).BackgroundLowering LDL‐C is associated with lower cardiovascular event rate, but its benefit on the deferred lesion prognosis has not been well evaluated.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center, observational study analyzed 192 deferred lesions with FFR value >0.80 in 192 patients with stable coronary artery disease. According to the first follow‐up LDL‐C level, they were assigned to the LOW group (<70 mg/dL) or the HIGH group (≥70 mg/dL). Deferred lesion failure (DLF) was defined as the composite of deferred lesion revascularization and deferred vessel myocardial infarction.ResultsOf all participants, 61 and 131 patients were assigned to the LOW and the HIGH group, respectively. During the median follow‐up of 2.8 years, DLF occurred in 1 and 14 patients in the LOW group and the HIGH group (1.6% and 10.7%, log‐rank p = .043), respectively. The incidence of any unplanned revascularization was also significantly lower in the LOW group than in the HIGH group (3.3% vs. 14.5%, log‐rank p = .032).ConclusionsThe incidence of DLF was significantly lower in the patients with LDL‐C < 70 mg/dL than in those with LDL‐C ≥ 70 mg/dL at the first follow‐up after FFR‐based deferral of revascularization.
Asymptomatic migration of ventral mesh for incisional hernia into the small intestine: A case report
Authors: Triantafyllou Evangelia , Anastasiadis Iraklis , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Syllaios Athanasios , Gerovasileiou Efrosyni , Tsiripidis Orestis 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEven though mesh migration is a rare complication, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis when investigating abdominal pain and digestive complications in patients with history of abdominal operations.