bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Perceived Skin Cancer Risk Reduction and Sunscreen Use
Authors: Sharma Timmie R. , Yeh Vanessa , Debanne Sara M. , Bordeaux Jeremy S. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND
Understanding factors that influence people to use sunscreen would allow clinicians to counsel patients in a way that is influential. Perceived efficacy of sunscreen has been associated with sunscreen use, but it is unclear whether the degree of efficacy is important.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether larger perceived efficacy of sunscreen (larger skin cancer risk reduction) is associated with increased sunscreen use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cohort of 131 patients with a history of skin cancer visiting a Mohs micrographic surgery center were surveyed.

RESULTS
Participants believed sunscreen would reduce their risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) by 61.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.4–65.9), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by 59.4% (95% CI = 54.6–64.2), and melanoma by 59.5% (95% CI = 54.8–64.3). Perceived magnitude of risk reduction of BCC, SCC, and melanoma was significant independent predictors of sunscreen use (BCC: odds ratio [OR] 3.5, 95% CI 1.1–11.2, p = .04. Squamous cell carcinoma: OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0–7.6, p = .05. Melanoma: OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.8–14.2, p = .002).

CONCLUSION
Larger perceived skin cancer (BCC, SCC, and melanoma) risk reduction was associated with increased sunscreen use.
Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty With Polydioxanone Threads and Fillers
Authors: Kang Seung H. , Moon Seok H. , Kim Hei S. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND
Absorbable wedge-shaped polydioxanone (PDO) sutures are currently available for facial rejuvenation, and they are extremely popular in the aesthetic clinics in Korea. Other than face lifting, threads also can be used for nonsurgical rhinoplasty. The Asian nose is typified by a flat nasal bridge, indistinct nasal dorsum, underprojected and broad nasal tip, and a short columella. In the past, Asian rhinoplasty mainly focused on dorsal augmentation. At present, augmentation of the nasal tip is very popular and is considered an important aspect of achieving a natural and balanced nose.

OBJECTIVE
To describe a novel technique with PDO threads in nonsurgical rhinoplasty. In addition, the authors aimed to assess the overall safety and efficacy of nonsurgical rhinoplasty combining both fillers and threads.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed on Korean patients who received rhinoplasty with PDO threads and fillers. All participants underwent a single treatment session. The results were assessed objectively by 2 independent dermatologists using serial photography and subjectively based on the patients' satisfaction scores at 6-month follow-up.

RESULTS
A total of 31 patients were evaluated, and 93.5% considered the results satisfactory. Consensus ratings at the 6-month follow-up were largely categorized as very much improved (38.7%), much improved (35.5%), and improved (25.8%). An average increase of 6.3° (percentage increase by 7.6) in the nasolabial angle (p < .05) was measured at follow-up. The incidence of the complications was low, and the ones reported were minor.

CONCLUSION
Nonsurgical rhinoplasty combining PDO threads and fillers can be safe and effective, maintaining good results at 6 months after the procedure. Threads are especially useful for lifting-up the nasal tip, contributing to a more harmonious and pleasing nasal appearance by modifying the columella-labial angle.
Disease Severity and Quality of Life Outcome Measurements in Patients With Keloids: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lyons Alexis B. , Peacock Anjelica , Braunberger Taylor L. , Viola Kate V. , Ozog David M. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND
Keloids have been assessed by numerous methods and severity indices resulting in a lack of standardization across published research.

OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate published keloid randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and identify the need for a gold standard of assessment.

METHODS and MATERIALS
PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched for human RCTs on keloid treatment during a 10-year period. Eligible studies were English language RCTs reporting disease severity outcome measures after keloid treatments.

RESULTS
A total of 40 disease outcome measures were used in 41 included RCTs. Twenty-four (59%) of the included studies used more than one disease severity scale. The most frequently used outcome measures were the Vancouver Scar Scale (34%) (n = 14), followed by serial photography (24%) (n = 10). These were followed by adverse events and complications (20%) (n = 8), Visual Analogue Scale (12%) (n = 5), keloid dimensions (12%) (n = 5), and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (10%) (n = 4). Only one study reported quality of life outcomes.

CONCLUSION
There is wide variation in keloid outcome measures in the published literature. A standardized method of assessment should be implemented to reduce the disparities between studies and to better be able to compare the numerous treatment modalities.
Intrinsic Adaptation of SHR Right Atrium Reduces Heart Rate
Authors: Rodrigues Juliano Quintella Dantas , Camara Henrique , da Silva Junior Edilson Dantas , Godinho Rosely Oliveira , Jurkiewicz Aron 
Published: September 2019

Abstract:Hypertension represents an autonomic dysfunction, characterized by increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic cardiovascular tone leading to resting tachycardia. Therefore, studies assessing hypertension-associated changes in isolated cardiac tissues were conducted under electric field stimulation to stimulate the neurons. Herein, we characterize the influence of the autonomic neurotransmitter on the baseline atrial chronotropism of unpaced isolated right atria of normotensive Wistar rats (NWR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Our results revealed a resting bradycardia in tissues from SHR in comparison to NWR. The release of autonomic neurotransmitters, acetylcholine or norepinephrine, still occurs in the electrically unstimulated right atrium, after excision of the sympathetic nerve, which could explain differences in basal heart rate between NWR and SHR. Nicotine and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine reduced the chronotropism of right atria from either NWR or SHR. Conversely, the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine did not affect the basal chronotropism of tissues from both strains. Furthermore, tyramine increased the chronotropism of NWR and SHR atria indicating availability of the neuronal stocks of noradrenaline. Although the monoamine uptake inhibitor cocaine increased right atrium chronotropism in both strains, the basal heart rate was not affected by the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol. In summary, after acute section of the sympathetic nerve, autonomic neurotransmitters are still released either in resting conditions or upon pharmacological stimulation of right atria from both strains. Nevertheless, autonomic neurotransmission does not affect resting chronotropism, nor is the responsible for reduced basal heart rate of the isolated right atrium of hypertensive rats.
The menopause transition and women's health at midlife: a progress report from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
Authors: El Khoudary Samar R. , Greendale Gail , Crawford Sybil L. , Avis Nancy E. , Brooks Maria M. , Thurston Rebecca C. , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie , Waetjen L. Elaine , Matthews Karen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective:
Our initial understanding of the menopause transition (MT) has been framed by clinical samples of women seeking treatment rather than by population-based studies. The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) initiated in 1996 with an overall goal to define the MT, to characterize its biological and psychosocial antecedents and sequelae in an ethnically and racially diverse sample of midlife women.

Methods:
This review summarizes the central findings of SWAN to date that can inform women and their healthcare providers about the impact of the MT and midlife aging on overall health and well-being.

Results:
SWAN characterized changes in reproductive axis and menstrual cycle patterns that informed the development of the reproductive aging staging system Staging of Reproductive Aging Workshop+10; MT-related symptoms and mental health (vasomotor symptoms, sleep complaints, psychological symptoms, cognitive performance, and urogenital and sexual health); and physiological systems and functions (cardiovascular and cardiometabolic health, bone health, physical function performance) that are influenced by the MT. SWAN demonstrated substantial interrelations among these changes and significant racial/ethnic differences in the rate and magnitude of change in multiple health indictors in midlife women. The findings point to midlife as a critical stage for adopting healthy behavior and preventive strategies.

Conclusions:
Over the past 23 years, SWAN has advanced our understanding of the impact of the MT and midlife aging on health and well-being in women. SWAN will be instrumental to determine whether MT-related changes during midlife are related to unfavorable health and well-being in early old age.
Stage IV Breast Implant–associated Anaplastic Large-cell Lymphoma with Complete Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Thibodeau Renee , Fan Kenneth L. , Wehner Patricia B. 
Published: September 2019

Summary:
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare lymphoma that has been associated with textured breast implants. Most cases present as a delayed (>1 year) seroma, which can be aspirated for diagnosis. Fewer patients present with masses or skin signs. Surgical resection is the cornerstone of treatment for this form of lymphoma. For advanced disease, treatment is multidisciplinary and incorporates adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and potentially, the immunotherapeutic agent brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate. However, relapse rates are high among patients with peripheral ALCL. We present the case of a 39-year-old woman who developed BIA-ALCL 13 years after augmentation with silicone, textured implants and had a complete pathologic response to neoadjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (hydroxydaunomycin), vincristine (Oncovin), etoposide, prednisolone (CHOEP) at time of bilateral removal of implants and capsules. CHOEP is a long-standing regimen for treatment of peripheral ALCL and is a suggested regimen for treatment of BIA-ALCL. This case report is the first to demonstrate the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of BIA-ALCL and suggests a role for its use in advanced disease.
Not All Dry Eye in Contact Lens Wear Is Contact Lens–Induced
Authors: Molina Karen , Graham Andrew D. , Yeh Thao , Lerma Mariel , Li Wing , Tse Vivien , Lin Meng C. 
Published: September 2019

Objectives:
To compare subjective and clinical outcomes in three study groups: (1) asymptomatic contact lens (CL) wearers (ASYM); (2) symptomatic CL wearers who become asymptomatic on lens removal; and (3) symptomatic CL wearers who do not resolve on lens removal.

Methods:
Ninety-two subjects completed the Berkeley Dry Eye Flow Chart with and without lenses, ocular surface examinations, and a battery of questionnaires.

Results:
Thirty-seven subjects (40%) were ASYM, 30 (33%) had contact lens–induced dry eye (CLIDE), and 25 (27%) had underlying physiological DE. Visual Analog Scale ratings, OSDI score, and SPEED score were significantly better for the ASYM group (P<0.001) but did not distinguish CLIDE from DE. The DE group was significantly worse than CLIDE and ASYM, which were similar, in precorneal noninvasive tear breakup time (8.2 sec DE vs. 12.3 sec CLIDE and 14.3 sec ASYM; P=0.002), anterior displacement of the Line of Marx (P=0.017), and superior conjunctival staining (P=0.001).

Conclusions:
Many CL wearers presenting with dryness symptoms have an underlying DE condition and will not respond to treatments aimed at changing lenses or solutions. Contradictory results from research studies of DE in CL wearers could be due in part to a failure to distinguish subjects with symptoms due specifically to CL wear from those whose symptoms have underlying causes unrelated to CL wear.
Comparison of Laser Platform Estimation and Objective Measurement of Maximum Ablation Depth Using Scheimpflug Pachymetry in Myopic Femtosecond Laser In Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Febbraro Jean-Luc , Picard Hervé , Moran Sarah , Grise-Dulac Alice , Salomon Laurence , Gatinel Damien 
Published: September 2019

Purpose:
To compare the preoperative estimation of maximum ablation depth provided by the laser platform with objective measurement using Scheimpflug pachymetry in myopic femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).

Methods:
This is a prospective study carried out at the Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France. In 89 consecutive myopic eyes (45 patients) treated with FS-LASIK, the maximum ablation depth was calculated by measuring the difference between preoperative and 3-month postoperative measurements in central corneal thickness using Scheimpflug pachymetry (Pentacam HR; Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany). These values were compared with the preoperative estimation of the maximum ablation depth provided by the laser platform, without nomogram adjustment.

Results:
We found a strong linear correlation between laser platform estimation of maximum ablation depth and Scheimpflug pachymetry (P < 0.00001). The mean ablation depth measured using Scheimpflug pachymetry was greater than that predicted by the laser platform, with a mean overall difference of 2.15 μm (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed a difference in ablation depth measurements of 7.1 μm in the high myopia subgroup, which was the only subgroup where the difference remained statistically significant.

Conclusions:
In myopic FS-LASIK, laser platform estimation of maximum ablation depth correlates well with measurement of maximum ablation depth using Scheimpflug pachymetry and therefore can be used safely.
Effects of Massage and Acupressure on Relieving Labor Pain, Reducing Labor Time, and Increasing Delivery Satisfaction
Authors: GÖNENÇ Ilknur Munevver , TERZIOĞLU Füsun 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Background:
Several recent studies have documented the effects of massage and acupressure in reducing labor pain and labor time and in satisfaction with the delivery. However, few studies have investigated the comparative effects of these two therapies.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of massage and acupressure on labor-related pain management, duration, and satisfaction with delivery.

Methods:
This randomized controlled trial (n = 120) included three intervention groups (massage only, acupressure only, and massage + acupressure) and one control group, in which patients received no massage or acupressure treatment. A personal information form, Pregnant Watch Form, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to collect data. Frequency and percentage calculations, chi-square test, Student's t test, Tukey's honestly significant difference test, and one-way variance analysis were used for data analysis.

Results:
In the latent phase of labor, the mean VAS scores of the massage-only group and massage + acupressure group were lower (4.56 ± 1.36 and 4.63 ± 1.52, respectively) than that of the control group (6.16 ± 1.46; p < .01). In the active and transition phases, the mean VAS scores of the massage-only group, acupressure-only group, and massage + acupressure group were significantly lower than that of the control group (p < .01 and p < .001, respectively). During postpartum, the mean VAS score of the massage + acupressure group was lower (2.30 ± 0.70) than that of the control group (2.96 ± 0.72; p = .003). Cervical dilatation completion time and 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were similar among all of the groups (p > .05). The three intervention groups reported relatively more positive feelings than the control group, and all three of the interventions were found to be effective in improving satisfaction.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
The results of this study indicate that the dual application of massage and acupressure is relatively more effective than either therapy applied alone and that massage is more effective than acupressure.
An exploratory study examining the relationship between performance status and systemic inflammation frameworks and cytokine profiles in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Dolan Ross D. , Laird Barry J.A. , Klepstad Pål , Kaasa Stein , Horgan Paul G. , Paulsen Ørnulf , McMillan Donald C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The role of cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is now well established. This is in keeping with the role of the SIR in tumorigenesis, malignant spread, and the development of cachexia. However, the relationship between performance status/systemic inflammation frameworks and cytokine profiles is not clear. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the Eastern cooperative oncology group performance status/modified Glasgow prognostic score (ECOG-PS/mGPS) and cooperative oncology group performance status/neutrophil platelet score (ECOG-PS/NPS) frameworks and their cytokine profile in patients with advanced cancer.
This was a retrospective interrogation of data already collected as part of a recent clinical trial (NCT00676936). The relationship between the independent variables (ECOG-PS/mGPS and ECOG-PS/NPS frameworks), and dependent variables (cytokine levels) was examined using independent Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests where appropriate.
Of the 40 patients included in final analysis the majority had evidence of an SIR assessed by mGPS (78%) or NPS (53%). All patients died on follow-up and the median survival was 91 days (4–933 days). With increasing ECOG-PS there was a higher median value of Interleukin 6 (IL-6, P = .016) and C-reactive protein (CRP, P < .01) and lower albumin (P < .01) and poorer survival (P < .001). With increasing mGPS there was a higher median value of IL-6 (P = .016), Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF, P = .010), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, P < .01) and poorer survival (P < .01). With increasing NPS there was a higher median value of TGF-β (P < .001) and C-reactive protein (P = .020) and poor survival (P = .001). When those patients with an ECOG-PS 0/1 and mGPS0 were compared with those patients with an ECOG-PS 2 and mGPS2 there was a higher median value of IL-6 (P = .017) and poorer survival (P < .001). When those patients with an ECOG-PS 0/1 and NPS0 were compared with those patients with an ECOG-PS 2 and NPS1/2 there was a higher median value of IL-6 (P = .002), TGF-β (P < .001) and poorer survival (P < .01).
In patients with advanced cancer IL-6 was associated with the ECOG-PS/mGPS and ECOG-PS/NPS frameworks and survival in patients with advanced cancer. Therefore, the present work provides supporting evidence that agents targeting IL-6 are worthy of further exploration.
Autoimmune hepatitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Mubder Mohamad , Azab Mohamed , Jayaraj Mahendran , Cross Chad , Lankarani Daisy , Dhindsa Banreet , Pan Jen-Jung , Ohning Gordon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Liver disease in patients with HIV is common and typically has complex and multifactorial presentations that represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is rarely reported in patient with HIV and the disease course and clinical outcomes for treatment have not been well characterized. We are aiming to determine the patient characteristics, disease prevalence, and treatment outcomes from published articles of patients with HIV and AIH.

Method:
A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar through February 20th, 2019 identified 15 studies that reported the outcomes of AIH in patients with HIV. Because of the small sample sizes and skewed distributions, resampling tests of mean differences using permutation distributions (MAXn = 10,000 permutations) were utilized; analyses were performed using R (v. 3.5.1). Categorical differences were calculated using Fisher exact test for odds ratio = 1 (equal odds), and Cramer V was calculated for effect size; analyses were completed in SPSS (v. 25).

Results:
By reviewing 15 studies reporting a total of 35 patients with AIH and HIV, male patients were found to have significantly higher aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels at time of diagnosis. No other significant findings identified. The CD4 count and viral load did not show significant correlation with AIH diagnosis or its prognosis. All patients but one who presented with severe immune deficiency and responded to highly active anti-retroviral therapy received immunosuppressive treatment without side effects and achieved remission except 2 lost to follow-up and 3 expired.

Conclusion:
Although rare, but AIH can develop in patients with HIV and physicians should consider it in the differential diagnosis for HIV patients presented with abnormal liver function tests, especially after excluding hepatitis C virus and drug-induced liver injury.
Patients with immune deficiency disorders who present with AIH can be treated safely with steroid either as monotherapy or in combination with another immune suppressant therapy.
Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify key modules and hub genes in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yin Ke , Zhang Ying , Zhang Suxin , Bao Yang , Guo Jie , Zhang Guanhua , Li Tianke 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in head and neck, but its molecular mechanism is not clear.

Methods:
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) combining with gene differential expression analysis, survival analysis to screen key modules and hub genes related to the progress of TSCC. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify biological pathways that might be involved.

Results:
Weighted gene co-expression network was constructed based on dataset GSE34105. The blue module and turquoise module most related to the progress of TSCC were identified by the network. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 2 key modules were significantly enriched in apoptosis and immunity related biological processes and pathway. Network topology analysis, gene difference analysis and survival analysis were used to screen 9 hub genes (NOC2L, AIMP2, ANXA2, DIABLO, H2AFZ, MANBAL, PRDX6, SNX14, TIMM23). The expression of hub genes was significantly correlated with the prognosis of TSCC. GSEA showed that the high expression group of hub genes was mainly enriched in olfactory transduction, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and the low expression group was mainly enriched in base excision repair, cysteine and methionine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation.

Conclusion:
Two key modules and 9 hub genes screened by WGCNA were closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of TSCC. Hub genes can be used as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of TSCC in the future.