bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Matrigel® on the Survival and Differentiation of a Human Neural Progenitor Dissociated Sphere Culture
Authors: Kaiser Andreas , Kale Ajay , Novozhilova Ekaterina , Olivius Petri 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTWe have previously developed an in vitro organotypic culture setting in order to investigate the performance of cellular substrates transplanted to the auditory nervous system. We have utilized this system to predict the efficacy of human neural progenitor cells (HNPCs) in transplantation to the auditory nerve to facilitate regeneration of sensory auditory nerve structures in vivo and in vitro. To optimize the growth and differentiation of HNPCs we have introduced an expansion of our in vitro system, exploring the impact of a growth factor‐altered microenvironment. Here, we seeded HNPCs as a dissociated sphere culture on a hydrogel matrix coating (Matrigel®). We evaluated the performance of HNPCs by studying their survival, differentiation, and their axon‐forming capacity. In identical culture conditions, we found that the overall survival rate of HNPCs on Matrigel coated surfaces was better than that on surfaces that were not coated with Matrigel. Furthermore, cells on Matrigel differentiated into neuronal cells to a far greater extent leading to strong synaptic marker signatures. Overall, our findings show that the present Matrigel matrix setting offers an experimental environment for the HNPCs to grow where these cells show novel and promising phenotypic characteristics suitable for further in vivo transplantation to the auditory nerve. Anat Rec, 303:441–450, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Maternal diabetes and hypertensive disorders in association with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Cordero Christina , Windham Gayle C. , Schieve Laura A. , Fallin Margaret Daniele , Croen Lisa A. , Siega‐Riz Anna Maria , Engel Stephanie M. , Herring Amy H. , Stuebe Alison M. , Vladutiu Catherine J. , Daniels Julie L. 
Published: April 2019

Previous studies have shown complications of pregnancy, often examined in aggregate, to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results for specific complications, such as maternal diabetes and hypertension, have not been uniformly consistent and should be investigated independently in relation to ASD in a large community‐based sample. The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED), a US multisite case–control study, enrolled children born in 2003–2006 at 2–5 years of age. Children were classified into three groups based on confirmation of ASD (n = 698), non‐ASD developmental delay (DD; n = 887), or controls drawn from the general population (POP; n = 979). Diagnoses of any diabetes or hypertensive disorder during pregnancy were identified from prenatal medical records and maternal self‐report. Logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, smoking during pregnancy, and study site. Models for hypertension were additionally adjusted for parity and plurality. Among 2,564 mothers, we identified 246 (9.6%) with any diabetes and 386 (15.1%) with any hypertension in pregnancy. After adjustment for covariates, any diabetes during pregnancy was not associated with ASD (aOR = 1.10 [95% CI 0.77, 1.56]), but any hypertension was associated with ASD (aOR = 1.69 [95% CI 1.26, 2.26]). Results were similar for DD, and any diabetes (aOR = 1.29 [95% CI 0.94, 1.78]) or any hypertension (aOR = 1.71 [95% CI 1.30, 2.25]). Some pregnancy complications, such as hypertension, may play a role in autism etiology and can possibly serve as a prompt for more vigilant ASD screening efforts. Autism Res 2019, 12: 967–975. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryWe studied if common complications in pregnancy are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a large sample of mothers and children. Our results show an association between conditions marked by high blood pressure and ASD, but no association with conditions marked by high blood sugar and ASD. Associations were similar for children who had a developmental disorder that was not ASD, suggesting that this relationship may not be specific to ASD.
Decision Tree‐PLS (DT‐PLS) algorithm for the development of process: Specific local prediction models
Authors: Narayanan Harini , Sokolov Michael , Butté Alessandro , Morbidelli Massimo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis work presents a novel multivariate statistical algorithm, Decision Tree‐PLS (DT‐PLS), to improve the prediction and understanding of dynamic processes based on local partial least square regression (PLSR) models for characteristic process groups defined based on Decision Tree (DT) analysis. The DT‐PLS algorithm is successfully applied to two different cell culture data sets, one obtained from bioreactors of 3.5 L lab scale and the other obtained from the 15 ml ambr microbioreactor system. Substantial improvement in the predictive capabilities of the model can be achieved based on the localization compared to the classical PLSR approach, which is implemented in the commercially available packages. Additionally, the differences in the model parameters of the local models suggest that the governing process variables vary for the different process regimes indicating the different states of the cell under different process conditions.
Mixed aortic valve disease treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a high risk patient presenting with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Raj Leah , Mehra Anilkumar , Shavelle David M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMixed aortic valve disease refers to the combination of aortic regurgitation (AR) and aortic stenosis (AS). Commonly etiologies include a bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic heart disease, and endocarditis superimposed upon a stenotic aortic valve. Treatment depends upon the severity of disease, the presence of symptoms and the size and function of the left ventricle. We present a case of a young patient that presented with new onset acute decompensated heart failure with mixed aortic valve disease that was successful treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Invasive hemodynamics at baseline and following TAVR provide an insight into the characteristic features of mixed aortic valve disease. TAVR represents a new treatment option for critically ill patients deemed high risk or nonoperable for surgical aortic valve replacement.
Improved Ion‐Transfer Behavior and Capacitive Energy Storage Characteristics of SnO2 Nanospacer‐Incorporated Reduced Graphene Oxide Electrodes
Authors: Noh Yuseong , Kim Yoongon , Han Hyunsu , Jung Wan‐Gil , Kim Jong Guk , Kim Youngmin , Kim Hyung Ju , Kim Bong‐Joong , Kim Won Bae 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis report demonstrates the modification of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets by decorating SnO2 nanorod bundles and nanoparticles on the surface for effective use of the graphene as supercapacitor electrode materials. The shape‐ and density‐controlled SnO2 nanostructures were prepared through hydrothermal synthesis and acted as spacer materials to physically inhibit the overlapping of the RGO sheets; this is known as the restacking effect. When measuring the electrochemical properties, the electrode comprising RGO with SnO2 nanorod bundles (RGO−SnO2−NR) revealed a higher capacitance, rate capability, and cyclic stability than the RGO electrode with SnO2 nanoparticles (RGO−SnO2−NP) and the bare RGO electrode, indicating the effective role of the surface‐implanted SnO2 spacer during the electrode reactions of the double‐layer capacitor. The electrochemical superiority of RGO−SnO2−NR could be explained by the fact that wedge‐like SnO2 nanorod bundles between the RGO sheets promote fast transfer and approach of electroactive species to form the electrochemical double layer at the electrode surface. Moreover, the improved mass transfer behavior of the RGO−SnO2 composite electrodes and the role of the SnO2 nanostructures were reasonably verified by various electrochemical analyses.
Hückel and Möbius Aromaticity in Charged Sigma Complexes
Authors: Mauksch Michael , Tsogoeva Svetlana B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn sigma complexes, intermediates in nucleophilic and electrophilic aromatic substitution and other reactions, delocalization in the aromatic ring is formally disrupted. Unexpectedly, computational evidence is presented that favorable processes contain aromatic sigma complexes. Tetracoordinated carbon therein surprisingly employs orbitals that are more similar to sp2 than to sp3 hybrids in sigma bonds with adjacent ring atoms. Both leaving groups and nucleo‐ or electrophiles may donate electrons to the π‐system depending on the availability of p‐type orbitals to fulfill Hückel (4N+2) or Möbius (4N) rules of aromaticity in analogy to conjugated transition‐metal metallacycles.
Hydrazide–Hydrazone Small Molecules as AIEgens: Illuminating Mitochondria in Cancer Cells
Authors: Patil Sohan , Pandey Shalini , Singh Amit , Radhakrishna Mithun , Basu Sudipta 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAggregation‐induced‐emission luminogens (AIEgens) have gained considerable attention as interesting tools for several biomedical applications, especially for bioimaging due to their brightness and photostability. Numerous AIEgens have been developed for lighting up the subcellular organelles to understand their forms and functions not only healthy but also unhealthy states, such as in cancer cells. However, there is lack of easily synthesizable, biocompatible small molecules for illuminating mitochondria (powerhouses) inside cells. To address this issue, an easy and short synthesis of new biocompatible hydrazide–hydrazone‐based small molecules with remarkable aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties is described. These small‐molecule AIEgens showed hitherto unobserved AIE properties due to dual intramolecular H‐bonding confirmed by theoretical calculation, pH‐ and temperature‐dependent fluorescence and X‐ray crystallographic studies. Confocal microscopy showed that these AIEgens were internalized into the HeLa cervical cancer cells without showing any cytotoxicity. One of the AIEgens was tagged with a triphenylphosphine (TPP) moiety, which successfully localized in the mitochondria of HeLa cells in a selective way compared to L929 noncancerous fibroblast cells. These unique hydrazide–hydrazone‐based biocompatible AIEgens can serve as powerful tools to illuminate multiple subcellular organelles to elucidate their forms and functions in cancer cells for next‐generation biomedical applications.
1,3,9‐Triaza‐2‐oxophenoxazine: An Artificial Nucleobase Forming Highly Stable Self‐Base Pairs with Three AgI Ions in a Duplex
Authors: Fujii Akane , Nakagawa Osamu , Kishimoto Yuki , Okuda Takumi , Nakatsuji Yusuke , Nozaki Natsumi , Kasahara Yuuya , Obika Satoshi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Osamu Nakagawa and Satoshi Obika at Osaka University. The image depicts a DNA double helix structure dynamically constructed by incorporation of silver ions into 9‐TAP self‐base pairs. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201900373.
Coupled s‐excess HMM for vessel border tracking and segmentation
Authors: Essa Ehab , Jones Jonathan‐Lee , Xie Xianghua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel image segmentation technique, based on hidden Markov model (HMM), which we then apply to simultaneously segment interior and exterior walls of fluorescent confocal images of lymphatic vessels. Our proposed method achieves this by tracking hidden states, which are used to indicate the locations of both the inner and outer wall borders throughout the sequence of images. We parameterize these vessel borders using radial basis functions (RBFs), thus enabling us to minimize the number of points we need to track as we progress through multiple layers and therefore reduce computational complexity. Information about each border is detected using patch‐wise convolutional neural networks (CNN). We use the softmax function to infer the emission probability and use a proposed new training algorithm based on s‐excess optimization to learn the transition probability. We also introduce a new optimization method to determine the optimum sequence of the hidden states. Thus, we transform the segmentation problem into one that minimizes an s‐excess graph cut, where each hidden state is represented as a graph node and the weight of these nodes are defined by their emission probabilities. The transition probabilities are used to define relationships between neighboring nodes in the constructed graph. We compare our proposed method to the Viterbi and Baum–Welch algorithms. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis show superior performance of the proposed methods.
Rational Design of Framework Nucleic Acids for Bioanalytical Applications
Authors: Su Yuwei , Li Dan , Liu Bingyi , Xiao Mingshu , Wang Fei , Li Li , Zhang Xueli , Pei Hao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWith the advent of DNA nanotechnology, nucleic acids have been used building blocks for constructing various DNA nanostructures. As classical and simple DNA nanostructures, framework nucleic acids (FNAs) have attracted enormous attention in the field of biosensing. The sequence‐specific self‐assembly properties and high programmability of nucleic acids allow FNAs to be incorporated in advanced probe design. In addition, FNAs enable the engineering of surfaces for biosensing (e. g., probe orientation, probe spacing), thereby improving the accessibility of target molecules to the probes arranged on heterogeneous surfaces. Moreover, FNAs offer a universal and promising platform for sensing cellular molecules because of their prominent biocompatibility and cellular permeability. Herein recent advances in FNA‐based biosensors are summarized, including electrochemical detection, optical detection, and intracellular sensing. It is hoped that this review will provide guidelines for the design and construction of FNA scaffold‐based biosensors.
Evolutionary origin of a periodical mass‐flowering plant
Authors: Kakishima Satoshi , Liang Yi‐shuo , Ito Takuro , Yang Tsung-Yu Aleck , Lu Pei‐Luen , Okuyama Yudai , Hasebe Mitsuyasu , Murata Jin , Yoshimura Jin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe evolutionary origin of periodical mass‐flowering plants (shortly periodical plants), exhibiting periodical mass flowering and death immediately after flowering, has not been demonstrated. Within the genus Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae), which includes more than 50 periodical species, Strobilanthes flexicaulis on Okinawa Island, Japan, flowers gregariously every 6 years. We investigated the life history of S. flexicaulis in other regions and that of closely related species together with their molecular phylogeny to reveal the evolutionary origin of periodical mass flowering. S. flexicaulis on Taiwan Island was found to be a polycarpic perennial with no mass flowering and, in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan, a monocarpic perennial with no mass flowering. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicated that a polycarpic perennial was the ancestral state in this whole group including S. flexicaulis and the closely related species. No distinctive genetic differentiation was found in S. flexicaulis among all three life histories (polycarpic perennial, monocarpic perennial, and periodical plant). These results suggest that among S. flexicaulis, the periodical mass flowering on Okinawa Island had evolved from the polycarpic perennial on Taiwan Island via the monocarpic perennial in the Yaeyama Islands. Thus, the evolution of life histories could have taken at the level of local populations within a species.
Minimally invasive biventricular mechanical circulatory support with Impella pumps as a bridge to heart transplantation: a first‐in‐the‐world case report
Authors: Varian Kenneth , Xu Weining David , Lin Weiqin , Unai Shinya , Tong Michael Z. , Soltesz Edward , Krishnaswamy Amar , Kapadia Samir , Feitell Scott , Hanna Mazen , Joyce Emer , Schoenhagen Paul , Starling Randall C. , Taylor David O. , Perez Antonio L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCardiogenic shock from biventricular failure that requires acute mechanical circulatory support carries high 30 day mortality. Acute mechanical circulatory support can serve as bridge to orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) in selected patients. We report a patient with biventricular failure secondary to rapidly progressive cardiac sarcoidosis refractory to medical management who was bridged to OHT with Impella 5.0 and Impella RP—temporary left and right ventricular assist devices, respectively. This is the first successful bridge to transplantation using these devices in biventricular heart failure and cardiogenic shock. We discuss considerations for using this strategy over veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or surgically implanted assist devices in patients with cardiogenic shock and biventricular failure as a bridge to OHT.
Overwash‐dominated stratigraphy of barriers with intermittent inlets
Authors: Green Andrew N. , Pillay Talicia , Cooper J. Andrew G. , Guisado‐Pintado Emilia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe morphodynamics and structure of barriers with persistent tidal inlets have been well studied. In contrast the stratigraphy and functioning of barrier systems with ephemeral inlets is poorly understood. This article examines the barrier‐inlet systems of two intermittently closed open lagoons or temporarily open closed estuaries on the east coast of South Africa. Multiple geophysical surveys using ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) were correlated with exposed sections of the barrier where inlet formation revealed the internal stratigraphy. Stratigraphic observations were placed in the context of the contemporary wave dynamics and mesoscale geomorphic evolution. The integrated databases reveal an absence of migrating channel features. Instead the stratigraphy is dominated by landward dipping sheets of alternating high‐ and low‐amplitude reflectors. These correlate with gravel, shell debris and heavy mineral‐lined beds formed by overwash processes. Where ephemeral inlet structures are preserved in the stratigraphy, their fills comprise aggrading, high‐amplitude reflectors, linked to washover infilling of the inlet mouth. Multiple small channels in the more distal portions of the barrier in georadar stratigraphy are related to channelized washover flow.These barriers often breach during high swell and are subsequently sealed during fairweather wave conditions. Time series analysis of waves and satellite imagery shows a link between storms from the south and breach events. This is consistent with the truncations in subsurface images and inferred barrier lowering by overwash channelling. These barriers experience quasi‐stable oscillations in their landward and seaward shore position, punctuated by periods of barrier rollover associated with the most intense storms. As overwash is responsible in part for both the constructive and destructive phases of the barrier, these barriers have low preservation potential. Persistent rollover driven by overwashing will terminate once accommodation space is eliminated and the barriers are eroded by storm activity. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seasonal plasticity in anti-predatory strategies: Matching of color and color preference for effective crypsis
Authors: van Bergen Erik , Beldade Patrícia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEffective anti-predatory strategies typically require matching appearance and behavior in prey, and there are many compelling examples of behavioral repertoires that enhance the effectiveness of morphological defenses. When protective adult morphology is induced by developmental environmental conditions predictive of future predation risk, adult behavior should be adjusted accordingly to maximize predator avoidance. While behavior is typically strongly affected by the adult environment, developmental plasticity in adult behavior—mediated by the same pre-adult environmental cues that affect morphology—could ensure an effective match between anti-predatory morphology and behavior. The coordination of environmentally induced responses may be especially important in populations exposed to predictable environmental fluctuations (e.g., seasonality). Here, we studied early and late life environmental effects on a suite of traits expected to work together for effective crypsis. We focused on wing color and background color preference in Bicyclus anynana, a model of developmental plasticity that relies on crypsis as a seasonal strategy for predator avoidance. Using a full-factorial design, we disentangled effects of developmental and adult ambient temperature on both appearance and behavior. We showed that developmental conditions affect both adult color and color preference, with temperatures that simulate natural dry season conditions leading to browner butterflies with a perching preference for brown backgrounds. This effect was stronger in females, especially when butterflies were tested at lower ambient temperatures. In contrast to the expectation that motionlessness enhances crypsis, we found no support for our hypothesis that the browner dry-season butterflies would be less active. We argue that the integration of developmental plasticity for morphological and behavioral traits might improve the effectiveness of seasonal anti-predatory strategies.
Nutrients and chemical composition of Desplatsia dewevrei
Authors: Ovuakporie‐Uvo Oghale , Idu MacDonald , Omoregie Ehimwenma Sheena 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral plants species have served as food for man because of their nutritional values. However, there is a lack of data on the nutritional benefits of Desplatsia dewevrei. Hence, this study was aimed at investigating the nutrients and chemical composition of D. dewevrei leaves and fruits. Vitamins, amino acid profile, and mineral composition of D. dewevrei were investigated. Minerals found present include copper, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. Vitamins B, C, and K up to the daily standard required intake levels according to World Health Organization standards were discovered in D. dewevrei. The protein score from the amino acid composition was 100%. Phytate and oxalate, which are non‐nutritional components, were found present in D. dewevrei; however, in values far below the daily intake required limit by the WHO standard. In conclusion, D. dewevrei from this research finding has convincing qualities of a reliable nutraceutical raw material, which can be properly finished and incorporated into the human diet to harness its vitality.
Tools for optimizing rock mass grouting
Authors: Kieffer Scott , Dreese Trent , Weil Jonas , Kleberger Johannes 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOptimization of rock grouting procedures during construction is necessitated when sparse data sets and incomplete geologic understanding form the basis of initial design. Relying on geologic investigation findings that often have limited budgets, initial designs typically consider data from only a small volume of the entire rock mass to be grouted. During construction, thousands of production boreholes may be drilled and grouted, and each of these boreholes has the potential to provide valuable information for modifying the injection materials and construction means/methods. Implementation of procedural changes is greatly facilitated by the ability to efficiently assemble, query, visualize and interpret vast amounts of 3D data in near real‐time.This contribution summarizes the main targets of rock mass characterization in the context of grouting works, along with investigative tools that provide valuable information: (1) regarding the distribution and properties of in situ permeability features; (2) for modifying and optimizing grouting procedures; and (3) for verifying grouting results in situ. Three dimensional modeling approaches that are amenable to data visualization are reviewed, including the workflow for near real‐time model updating as construction proceeds.