bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tragverhalten kombinierter Stahlspundwände unter Wasserdruck unter dem Einfluss von Lageimperfektionen
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Just Adrian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHerrn Univ.‐Prof. em. Dr.‐Ing. habil. Joachim Lindner zur Vollendung seines 80. Lebensjahres gewidmetDer steigende Welthandel führt zu einer deutlichen Erweiterung und Verstärkung von Seehafenanlagen und damit zu einem zunehmenden Einsatz von Kaimauern mit tiefen kombinierten Stahlspundwänden. Horizontale Lasten, die überwiegend aus Grundwasserdruck kommen, werden von Z‐förmigen Zwischenbohlen über spezielle Schlossprofile an I‐förmige Tragbohlen weitergeleitet und dann in den Baugrund abgetragen. Der Nachweis der Zwischenbohlen ist in DIN EN 1993‐5 geregelt. Die dort aufgeführte versuchsbasierte Methode liefert die genauesten und damit wirtschaftlichsten Ergebnisse. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie mit dieser Methode für das HZ‐M/AZ‐System [2] in Solllage Wasserdruckwiderstände hergeleitet wurden. Einflüsse bei der Herstellung führen in der Realität aber immer wieder zu Abweichungen von der Solllage, die die Zwischenbohlen ausgleichen müssen. In diesem Beitrag wird der Einfluss einer Streckung einer Spundwand in Wandrichtung und damit einer Erhöhung des Systemmaßes untersucht. Dabei wird zunächst die Streckung an sich analysiert und als zweites wird das Tragverhalten des gestreckten Systems mit dem des Systems in Solllage verglichen.
Zu den Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Seilhängern in Stabbogenbrücken
Authors: Schmidmeier Michael , Schütz Karl G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHerrn Dipl.‐Ing. Rainer Ehmann zum Dank für die langjährige gute Zusammenarbeit zu seiner Pensionierung gewidmetEs wird über ein Forschungsvorhaben berichtet, in dem die Einsatzmöglichkeiten von vollverschlossenen Seilen als Seilhänger in Stabbogenbrücken untersucht wurden. Dabei wurde insbesondere die Wirkung von Biegung am Übergang von der Endverankerung auf die freie Seillänge betrachtet. Die Herangehensweise an die Thematik und das für die Praxis abgeleitete Nachweisverfahren werden vorgestellt. Abschließend wird über aktuelle Erkenntnisse bei der Ausführung und der Normung von Seilhängern berichtet.
Concise Review: Bipotent Megakaryocytic-Erythroid Progenitors: Concepts and Controversies
Authors: Xavier-Ferrucio Juliana , Krause Diane S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHematopoietic stem and progenitor cells maintain blood formation throughout our lifetime by undergoing long- and short-term self-renewal, respectively. As progenitor cells progress through the hematopoiesis process, their differentiation capabilities narrow, such that the precursors become committed to only one or two lineages. This Review focuses on recent advances in the identification and characterization of bipotent megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors (MEP), the cells that can further produce two completely different functional outputs: platelets and red blood cells. The existence of MEP has sparked controversy as studies describing the requirement for this intermediate progenitor stage prior to commitment to the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages have been potentially contradictory. Interpretation of these studies is complicated by the variety of species, cell sources, and analytical approaches used along with inherent challenges in the continuum of hematopoiesis, where hematopoietic progenitors do not stop at discrete steps on single paths as classically drawn in hematopoietic hierarchy models. With the goal of improving our understanding of human hematopoiesis, we discuss findings in both human and murine cells. Based on these data, MEP clearly represent a transitional stage of differentiation in at least one route to the generation of both megakaryocytes and erythroid cells.
Mercury and Selenium in Twelve Cutthroat Trout Tissues from High‐Elevation Colorado Lakes, USA: Intraspecific and Interspecific Comparisons
Authors: Herrmann Scott J. , Nimmo Del Wayne R. , Vanden Heuvel Brian D. , Carsella James S. , Kennedy Christopher M. , Rogers Kevin B. , Wood John S. , Herrmann‐Hoesing Lynn M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTotal mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) concentrations were measured in 12 internal and external tissues of three different wild Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii populations occurring in pristine, high‐elevation lakes of Colorado, USA, within watersheds devoid of past and present mining activities. We have not found any comparable baseline data sets. The primary objective was to show how THg and Se bioaccumulate differentially among 12 tissues from Cutthroat Trout occurring in widely distant wilderness areas. A second objective was to compare THg and Se tissue levels in Cutthroat Trout from the pristine habitats to Cutthroat Trout populations elsewhere and to Brown Trout Salmo trutta from urbanized environments. The baseline tissue data from this investigation could be used to gauge other intraspecific and interspecific data sets. Results showed that both THg and Se concentrations were generally highest in the detoxifying organ tissues (liver, kidney, and spleen) and lowest in external tissues (skin and gill). In all three populations, THg levels were highest in kidney and second highest in spleen, while Se was highest in the liver. For 10 of 12 tissues, mean concentrations of THg were lower in Brown Trout from an urban setting than in the Cutthroat Trout from the pristine sites; testes and skin were the exceptional tissues. Threshold effect tissue concentrations of THg for muscle or ovary/eggs were not evident. None of the 34 Cutthroat Trout showed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Se exceedances for ovary/eggs or muscle tissue. To show the relationship between THg and Se in each tissue, we calculated mean Se : Hg molar ratios, which were lowest in epaxial muscle in all three populations (range = 5.74–30.58), while kidney Se : Hg ratios were also in the low range (17.88–42.63). All tissues had a ratio greater than 1. In spite of atmospheric source‐inputs of both organometalloids to these pristine sites, the trout tissues appear to show no indication of deleterious trends.
Extrinsic Factors Influencing Somatic Growth of Lake Sturgeon
Authors: McDougall C. A. , Nelson P. A. , Barth C. C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractVariation in somatic growth of Lake SturgeonAcipenser fulvescenshas primarily been attributed to temperature (latitude), but recent studies have suggested additional complexities. Based on populations in Manitoba, Canada, a multivariate analysis was conducted to reevaluate the extrinsic factors influencing growth of Lake Sturgeon. Length at ages 3, 6, 9, and 12 and the following six explanatory variables were examined: latitude, mean annual air temperature,pH, conductivity, juvenile Lake Sturgeon density (gill‐netCPUE), and water velocity. Length‐at‐age variables were highly correlated, but considerable variation for fish of a given age was observed along the flow axes of individual rivers (and even within multibasin reservoirs). For example, fork length at age 12 ranged from 520 to 906 mm. After dropping latitude due to colinearity with both temperature andpH, a redundancy analysis based on the remaining five explanatory variables explained 79.9% of the variation in the four length‐at‐age variables. Lake Sturgeon growth was negatively correlated with bothCPUE(41.2% of variation) and velocity (19.2%) and positively correlated with conductivity (14.8%). The temperature andpHvariables lacked statistical significance for inclusion in a forward‐selection model, regardless of which other variables were included. Our results suggest that the influence of temperature (latitude) on Lake Sturgeon growth may previously have been overstated because habitat variation was not accounted for. Indeed, because populations exploit a diversity of river types across the species range, the discussion of growth needs to be placed in the context of habitat. Individuals from two Lake Sturgeon populations occupying similar latitudes can exhibit markedly different rates of somatic growth, with much of the variation being explained by juvenile density, water velocity, and conductivity. As Lake Sturgeon recovery proceeds, fisheries managers will need to contend with dynamic growth trajectory responses to increasing abundance, much as they would for other species.
Cover Image, Volume 7, Issue 3
Authors: Roly Zahida Yesmin , Backhouse Brendan , Cutting Andrew , Tan Tiong Yang , Sinclair Andrew H. , Ayers Katie L. , Major Andrew T. , Smith Craig A. 
Published: April 2018

The cover image, by Zahida Yesmin Roly et al., is based on the Advanced Review The cell biology and molecular genetics of Müllerian duct development, DOI: 10.1002/wdev.310.
image
Molecular interactions at the surface of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Buzás Edit I. , Tóth Eszter Á. , Sódar Barbara W. , Szabó-Taylor Katalin É. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractExtracellular vesicles such as exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and large oncosomes have been shown to participate in a wide variety of biological processes and are currently under intense investigation in many different fields of biomedicine. One of the key features of extracellular vesicles is that they have relatively large surface compared to their volume. Some extracellular vesicle surface molecules are shared with those of the plasma membrane of the releasing cell, while other molecules are characteristic for extracellular vesicular surfaces. Besides proteins, lipids, glycans, and nucleic acids are also players of extracellular vesicle surface interactions. Being secreted and present in high number in biological samples, collectively extracellular vesicles represent a uniquely large interactive surface area which can establish contacts both with cells and with molecules in the extracellular microenvironment. Here, we provide a brief overview of known components of the extracellular vesicle surface interactome and highlight some already established roles of the extracellular vesicle surface interactions in different biological processes in health and disease.
Swallowing dysfunction as risk factor for undernutrition in older people admitted to Swedish short-term care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hägglund Patricia , Fält Anna , Hägg Mary , Wester Per , Levring Jäghagen Eva 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundSwallowing dysfunction and risk of undernutrition increase the risk of pneumonia, morbidity, and mortality. Short-term care is an unexplored care context, where many older people stay yearly.AimThis cross-sectional study aimed to describe and analyze the relationship between swallowing dysfunction and risk of undernutrition among older people in short-term care, including potential gender-related differences.MethodsIn total, 391 people (209 women), aged ≥ 65 years (median age 84 years) and admitted to short-term care in five Swedish counties participated. They went through a timed water swallow test to assess swallowing dysfunction, including abnormal swallowing capacity and signs of aspiration (i.e., cough and voice change). Risk for undernutrition was assessed using the Minimal Eating Observation and Nutrition Form-version II.ResultsSwallowing dysfunction was observed in 248 of 385 (63%) participants, including abnormal swallowing capacity in 213 of 385 (55%) and aspiration signs in 127 of 377 (34%). Abnormal swallowing capacity was more frequent among women (p = 0.030), whereas men with normal swallowing capacity exhibited signs of aspiration more frequently (coughp = 0.038, voice changep = 0.004). Risk of undernutrition was found in 91 of 390 (23%) participants, more frequently among women (p = 0.007). A logistic regression model revealed an increased risk of undernutrition among older people with abnormal swallowing capacity (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.04–2.92,p = 0.034).ConclusionsThe high prevalence of swallowing dysfunction and risk of undernutrition highlight the need for a systematic screening program and feasible treatment to improve swallowing function for adequate and safe food intake among older people in short-term care.Clinical trial registrationThis study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on July 4, 2016, under NCT02825927.
Science for children in a colonial context: Bengali juvenile magazines, 1883–1923
Authors: CHANDO ROY GAUTAM 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn a period of anti-colonial political struggle and conservative reaction against liberal social reform in India, a band of Bengali men and women reached out to children through magazines with the intention of moulding them so that they would grow up to aid their nation's material progress and uphold a society bereft of colonial indignities and traditional injustices. Integral to this agenda was the attempt to explain the physical world scientifically to them, to make them knowledgeable, and to forge them into rational beings capable of looking at society critically. They wished the young to harbour a compassionate attitude towards nature, but they characterized the modern Western scientific way of knowing about the physical world as the only one worth imbibing, thereby infusing in children a bias against all who thought and lived otherwise. This science instruction was the endeavour of the avant-garde, an iconic hegemonic milieu that left its imprint in social reform and political struggle in colonial Bengali society for a long time.
American Evangelicals and African Politics: The Archives of the Fellowship Foundation, 1960s–1987
Authors: Jacobs Nancy J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract:This article describes the archives of the Fellowship Foundation, best known as the organizers of the National Prayer Breakfast in Washington DC. The secretive character of the Fellowship probably accounts for its lack of visibility in African historical narratives to date. This article makes a case that this evangelical network was significant as a clandestine “track two” diplomatic organization with ties throughout Africa. Historians of international relations, it is suggested, may find useful sources in the public archives of Fellowship Foundation correspondence at the Billy Graham Center at Wheaton College in Illinois. The article reviews the records for several countries and offers examples of the banal, secretive, and sometimes usefully suggestive evidence to be found in the correspondence.
The begotten-not-made distinction in the eastern pro-Nicenes
Authors: JACOBS NATHAN A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Nicene–Constantinopolitan profession that the Son of God is begotten, not made, presents the tension that the Son is caused by God but not created. This claim was a point of controversy in the semi-Arian and Eunomian/Anomean disputes of the fourth century. The latter argued that unoriginateness is central to divinity. Hence, the Son, being originate, cannot be of the same nature as the Father. Some philosophers of religion today echo this same conclusion. In this article, I show, contrary to both ancient and modern critics of the begotten-not-made distinction, that the Eastern fathers offer clear differences between begetting and creating, which clarify why the distinction is cogent and necessary within their metaphysics.
The social theory of the Trinity
Authors: SWINBURNE RICHARD 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSubsequent to the fifth century until modern times all theologians agreed that God the Trinity is constituted by three persons (in Boethius's sense of ‘an individual substance of a rational nature’) who have a common divine essence, and are individuated only by their relations to each other. Having that essence entailed each being omnipotent and so perfectly good. In virtue of his perfect goodness the Father necessarily produces the Son (in order to have one equal whom to love and be loved by) and the Spirit (in order that the Son have one equal other than the Father to love and be loved by). There cannot be more than three divine persons because three persons are sufficient for the existence of unselfish love, and so any fourth divine person would be produced by an act which none of the three needed to produce, and so would not exist necessarily and so could not be divine. Necessarily if there is one divine person, there are three and only three divine persons.
Patient and companion concerns when receiving a dementia diagnosis: an observational study of dementia diagnosis feedback meetings
Authors: XANTHOPOULOU PENNY , DOOLEY JEMIMA , MEO ILARIA , BASS NICK , MCCABE ROSE 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTReceiving a diagnosis of dementia is a life-changing event and can cause strong emotional reactions. The aim of this study was to examine patient and companion concerns expressed during dementia diagnosis feedback meetings. Sixty consultations between 19 health-care professionals (HCPs), 60 patients and 59 companions were video-recorded and transcribed. Concerns were identified from the transcripts and were (a) content analysed, (b) coded aselicitedby the HCP orvolunteeredby the patient or companion, and (c) coded according to whether the HCPencouragedordiscouragedelaboration of the concern. A total of 249 concerns were identified (average four concerns per consultation). There were three areas of findings: (a) patients and companions were concerned about the symptoms of dementia and receiving a diagnosis; other concerns related to patients’ mental and physical health, and prognosis, (b) HCPs elicited more patient than companion concerns and mostly elicited concerns aligned with the agenda of diagnosis feedback, and (c) HCPs were more likely to encourage elaboration when they elicited the concern. Nearly 40 per cent of concerns were discouraged by the HPC changing topic, with concerns about prognosis most commonly discouraged. The findings suggest that there were a wide variety of concerns at dementia diagnosis, many extending beyond the experience of dementia symptoms. HCP avoidance of concerns about prognosis demonstrated delicacy in discussing the deteriorating course of dementia.
TOWARD A CONTINGENCY MODEL FOR HOSPITAL-BASED HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: EVIDENCE FROM ADHOPHTA PROJECT
Authors: Cicchetti Americo , Iacopino Valentina , Coretti Silvia , Fiore Alessandra , Marchetti Marco , Sampietro-Colom Laura , Kidholm Kristian , Wasserfallen Jean-Blaise , Kahveci Rabia , Halmesmäki Esa , Rosenmöller Magdalene , Wild Claudia , Kivet Raul-Allan 
Published: April 2018

Objectives: Hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) is becoming increasingly relevant because of its role in managing the introduction and withdrawal of health technologies. The organizational arrangement in which HB-HTA activities are conducted depends on several contextual factors, although the dominant models have several similarities. The aims of this study were to explore, describe, interpret, and explain seven cases of the application of HB-HTA logic and to propose a classification for HB-HTA organizational models which may be beneficial for policy makers and HTA professionals.Methods: The study was part of the AdHopHTA Project, granted under the European 7th Framework Research Programme. A case study methodology was applied to analyze seven HB-HTA initiatives in seven countries, with collection of qualitative and quantitative data. Cross-case analysis was performed within the framework of contingent organizational theory.Results: Evidence showed that some organizational or “structural” variables, namely the level of procedure formalization/structuration and the level of integration with other HTA bodies at the national, regional, and provincial levels, predominantly shape the HB-HTA approach, determining a contingency model of HB-HTA. Crossing the two variables, four options have emerged: integrated specialized HTA unit, stand-alone HTA unit, integrated-essential HTA, independent group unit.Conclusions: No one-best-way approach can be used for HTA at the hospital level. Rather, the characteristics of HTA models depend on many contextual factors. Such conceptualization may aid the diffusion of HB-HTA to inform managerial decision making and clinical practice.
The Silurian hypothesis: would it be possible to detect an industrial civilization in the geological record?
Authors: Schmidt Gavin A. , Frank Adam 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIf an industrial civilization had existed on Earth many millions of years prior to our own era, what traces would it have left and would they be detectable today? We summarize the likely geological fingerprint of the Anthropocene, and demonstrate that while clear, it will not differ greatly in many respects from other known events in the geological record. We then propose tests that could plausibly distinguish an industrial cause from an otherwise naturally occurring climate event.
The LINC01138 drives malignancies via activating arginine methyltransferase 5 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Zhe , Zhang Jiwei , Liu Xinyang , Li Shengli , Wang Qifeng , Di Chen  , Hu Zhixiang , Yu Tao , Ding Jie , Li Jinjun , Yao Ming , Fan Jia , Huang Shenglin , Gao Qiang , Zhao Yingjun , He Xianghuo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecurrent chromosomal aberrations have led to the discovery of oncogenes or tumour suppressors involved in carcinogenesis. Here we characterized an oncogenic long intergenic non-coding RNA in the frequent DNA-gain regions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), LINC01138 (long intergenic non-coding RNA located on 1q21.2). The LINC01138 locus is frequently amplified in HCC; the LINC01138 transcript is stabilized by insulin like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding proteins 1/3 (IGF2BP1/IGF2BP3) and is associated with the malignant features and poor outcomes of HCC patients. LINC01138 acts as an oncogenic driver that promotes cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, tumour invasion and metastasis by physically interacting with arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and enhancing its protein stability by blocking ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation in HCC. The discovery of LINC01138, a promising prognostic indicator, provides insight into the molecular pathogenesis of HCC, and the LINC01138/PRMT5 axis is an ideal therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Inducing skyrmions in ultrathin Fe films by hydrogen exposure
Authors: Hsu Pin-Jui , Rózsa Levente , Finco Aurore , Schmidt Lorenz , Palotás Krisztián , Vedmedenko Elena , Udvardi László , Szunyogh László , Kubetzka André , von Bergmann Kirsten , Wiesendanger Roland 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are localized nanometer-sized spin configurations with particle-like properties, which are envisioned to be used as bits in next-generation information technology. An essential step toward future skyrmion-based applications is to engineer key magnetic parameters for developing and stabilizing individual magnetic skyrmions. Here we demonstrate the tuning of the non-collinear magnetic state of an Fe double layer on an Ir(111) substrate by loading the sample with atomic hydrogen. By using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, we discover that the hydrogenated system supports the formation of skyrmions in external magnetic fields, while the pristine Fe double layer does not. Based on ab initio calculations, we attribute this effect to the tuning of the Heisenberg exchange and the Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interactions due to hydrogenation. In addition to interface engineering, hydrogenation of thin magnetic films offers a unique pathway to design and optimize the skyrmionic states in low-dimensional magnetic materials.