bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposal for a positive listing of the uses evaluated at zonal level according to EPPO Standard PP 1/278
Authors: Hucorne P. 
Published: December 2018

For a more harmonized application of EPPO Standard PP 1/278 Principles of zonal data production and evaluation, it would be useful to have an agreed list of major uses that can be evaluated at zonal level. This paper proposes a methodology for developing such a list and shows possible results from following such a methodology. It represents the views of the author on an approach which could be considered for inclusion in future EPPO guidance.
Effects of dietary supplementation with creatine on homocysteinemia and systemic microvascular endothelial function in individuals adhering to vegan diets
Authors: Van Bavel Diogo , de Moraes Roger , Tibirica Eduardo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe incidence of cardiovascular diseases in vegetarian individuals is lower than that in the general population. Nevertheless, individuals who adhere to vegan diets have a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia with eventual adverse effects on vascular reactivity. Creatine supplementation (CrS) reduces plasma homocysteine levels and enhances vascular reactivity in the microcirculation. Thus, we investigated the effects of CrS on systemic microcirculation and homocysteine blood levels in strict vegan subjects. Forty‐nine strict vegan subjects were allocated to the oral CrS (5 g micronized creatine monohydrate daily for three weeks; n = 31) and placebo (n = 18) groups. Laser speckle contrast imaging coupled with acetylcholine skin iontophoresis was used to evaluate cutaneous microvascular reactivity, and intravital video‐microscopy was used to evaluate skin capillary density and reactivity before and after CrS. We demonstrated that CrS reduces the plasma levels of homocysteine and increases those of folic acid. After the CrS period, the homocysteine levels of all of the vegan subjects normalized. CrS also induced increases in baseline skin functional capillary density and endothelium‐dependent capillary recruitment in both normo‐ (N‐Hcy) and hyperhomocysteinemic (H‐Hcy) individuals. CrS increased endothelium‐dependent skin microvascular vasodilation in the H‐Hcy vegan subjects but not in the N‐Hcy vegan subjects. In conclusion, three weeks of oral CrS was sufficient to increase skin capillary density and recruitment and endothelium‐dependent microvascular reactivity. CrS also resulted in plasma increases in folic acid levels and reductions in homocysteine levels among only the H‐Hcy individuals.
Use of platelet‐rich plasma to suspend noncultured epidermal cell suspension improves repigmentation after autologous transplantation in stable vitiligo: a double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Parambath Nimitha , Sharma Vinod K. , Parihar Anita S. , Sahni Kanika , Gupta Somesh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundNoncultured epidermal cell suspension (NCES) is an effective surgical modality for stable vitiligo which involves transplantation of the basal layer of epidermal cells onto the dermabraded vitiliginous patch. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has growth factors which may stimulate melanocyte migration and proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The objective of this study was to compare the extent of repigmentation achieved by transplantation of NCES suspended in PRP with that of NCES suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS).MethodsTwenty‐one patients of stable vitiligo with at least two lesions of comparable size were included. The two vitiligo patches were randomized to receive NCES suspended in PRP or PBS. Postoperatively after 1 week, patients were given heliotherapy for 15 minutes daily.ResultsAt 6 months follow‐up, mean repigmentation by area method in PRP arm was 75.6 ± 30% SD and in non‐PRP arm was 65 ± 34% SD (P = 0.0036). Patient satisfaction by visual analogue scale at 6 months also showed better results in PRP arm (P = 0.001). Assessment by three independent observers showed better repigmentation in PRP side both at 3 and 6 months.ConclusionsSuspending NCES in PRP can result in significantly greater mean repigmentation and patient satisfaction than suspending in PBS.
Induction of Krüppel‐like factor 2 reduces K/BxN serum‐induced arthritis
Authors: Das Manjusri , Laha Dipranjan , Kanji Suman , Joseph Matthew , Aggarwal Reeva , Iwenofu Obiajulu H. , Pompili Vincent J. , Jain Mukesh K. , Das Hiranmoy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractKrüppel‐like factor 2 (KLF2) critically regulates activation and function of monocyte, which plays important pathogenic role in progressive joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is yet to be established the molecular basis of KLF2‐mediated regulation of monocytes in RA pathogenesis. Herein, we show that a class of compound, HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) induced KLF2 expression in monocytes both in vitro and in vivo. KLF2 level was also elevated in tissues, such as bone marrow, spleen and thymus in mice after infusion of HDACi. Importantly, HDACi significantly reduced osteoclastic differentiation of monocytes with the up‐regulation of KLF2 and concomitant down‐regulation of matrixmetalloproteinases both in the expression level as well as in the protein level. In addition, HDACi reduced K/BxN serum‐induced arthritic inflammation and joint destruction in mice in a dose‐dependent manner. Finally, co‐immunoprecipitation and overexpression studies confirmed that KLF2 directly interacts with HDAC4 molecule in cells. These findings provide mechanistic evidence of KLF2‐mediated regulation of K/BxN serum‐induced arthritic inflammation.
Effects of muscle protein denaturation and water distribution on the quality of false abalone (Volutharpa ampullacea perryi) during wet heating
Authors: He Shudong , Sun Xianbao , Du Ming , Chen Hui , Tan Mingqian , Sun Hanju , Zhu Beiwei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe effects of wet heating at 95–100 °C on the degree of myosin and actin denaturation in false abalone (Volutharpa ampullacea perryi) were predicted by a heat transfer model. The contributions of water mobility and tenderness to sensory acceptability were assessed after 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min heating treatments. 3D finite element heat transfer analysis and reaction kinetics demonstrated that the muscle proteins were completely denatured in 60–80 s during wet heating. In the low field 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses, the content of immobilized water was reduced with extended cooking time, and the shear force also decreased. Sensory acceptability was reduced with the increase of cooking time. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis indicated a high correlation among immobilized water, color, taste, and sensory acceptability. Our results may help in understanding the mechanisms of quality assessment and control during seafood cooking.Practical applicationsFalse abalone (Volutharpa ampullacea perryi) has been widely consumed as it can provide a high quality of nutrition with a relatively inexpensive cost. Wet heating is the most conventional processing procedure, then the effects of heating on the sensory and textual properties of false abalone meat should be carefully controlled. Since most researches are concerning the changes of collagen, the present study provided quantitative characterizations of muscle protein denaturation and water distribution on the quality of false abalone using 3D finite element heat transfer analysis, LF‐NMR, MRI techniques, and PLS analysis. The results would be useful to simulate actin and myosin denaturation as well as the protons distribution under different thermal schedules of food cooking, and they could be applied for the food quality control in the industry.
The fractional calculus in studies on drying: A new kinetic semi‐empirical model for drying
Authors: de Souza Matias Gustavo , Bissaro Camila Andressa , de Matos Jorge Luiz Mario , Rossoni Diogo Francisco 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this article is introduced a new kinetic semi‐empirical model for drying. The model was developed by arbitrary‐order generalization of Lewis's kinetic equation that was obtained using the Laplace transform and Laplace's Inverse Transform. Kinetic data on soybean drying at 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C were retrieved to test the model which was compared to first‐order Lewis's model and to Page's model by quantitative criteria. Results show that the process is best described by the fractional‐order model and that arbitrary‐order equation may be employed to adjust experimental data on drying, with better results among other models analyzed.Practical applicationsDrying is one of the most complex and energy‐consuming chemical unit operations. The modeling of drying kinetics can be applied in the project of drying equipment and to reduce costs of energy consumption. In general, the approach used in drying kinetics modeling is based on differential balances to represent the temporal variability of moisture content. In some cases, the Mathematical models cannot fit good the experimental data by to the fact that the models obtained by differential balances are exponential and the experimental data nonexponential. The fractional calculus can be an alternative to generalize the order of differential equations and fit process. The modeling procedure presented in this article presents the use of fractional calculus to generalize the order of a classic differential model. The model obtained by the fractional calculus approach provides best fits and more reliable adjusts than the classic model, the results indicate an anomalous diffusion.
Bacteriological quality of commonly consumed fruit juices and vegetable salads sold in some fruit juice houses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Kechero Fekadu Ketema , Baye Kaleab , Tefera Anteneh Tesfaye , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study was conducted by collecting samples of 63 fruit juices and 21 vegetable salads from 21 juice houses. The survey indicated poor kiosk sanitary situation and personal hygiene, and bad storage conditions. Mean average of total viable counts of the samples of juices and vegetable salads was found to be 5.96 log cfu/g. The highest and lowest mean total coliform counts (TCCs) were that of avocado (1.17 log cfu/mL) and mango (0.51 log cfu/mL) juice samples. Mean fecal coliform counts were between 0.04 and 0.09 log cfu/mL. Treatment with sodium benzoate (0.1%) was found effective in reducing the total viable count. Escherichia coli and Salmonella were detected from 32.14% and 3.6% of samples, respectively. All E. coli and Salmonella isolates were found resistant to vancomycin. Hygienic status of the kiosks, storage situation of prepared juices and vegetable salads, and ingredients are the critical contributing factors for high microbial load of juices and vegetable salads.Practical applicationsThis study was conducted to assess the hygienic status, risk associated with consumption of juices and vegetable salads, and effectiveness of treatments used before serving in juice houses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Our results showed the existing sanitary situation and bacteriological safety status of the preparation of juices and vegetable salads in the vending kiosks; moreover, the risks associated with the consumption of the products. The study has pointed out the need for targeted awareness creation training on the attitude and practices of workers in the houses. The findings may further serve as an additional evidence on the level of risk associated with the consumption of the products. The results of this study may also be used by the regulatory bodies to take the due care they need to exercise in licensing and during their regular inspection of the kiosks to reduce the degree of the problem to protect consumers.
The Korean food franchise industry: Diverse development and conceptual definitions of a food safety managing body
Authors: Park Jong Myong , Kim Jong Mun , Lee Ah Reum , Cho Hyun Min , Hong Ji Won , Ghim Sa‐Youl 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFactors in the operation of diversified food franchises in Korea have a direct impact on food safety management. The body in charge of systemic food safety management must be clearly identified and provided with a statute‐based system governing all aspects of food safety management. Several types of Korean food franchise business operations were first defined and categorized. Factors related to each food franchise operation have a direct impact on determining the managing body and its responsibility and authority. Multiple Korean statutory systems are closely related to food safety management in each category of franchise operations. These legal systems cannot clearly define a food safety managing body, especially considering the newly emerging food franchise operation types: the master franchise, concession industry, and commercial facilities. These clues provide basic data for further reinforcement of the national statutory system. In ambiguous situations, food franchises can complement food safety management using their own tactics.Practical applicationsFoodservice businesses, especially franchises, are currently rapidly developing in Korea. Depending on the development history of these food franchises and their growth strategies, complex new types of franchises with different operating strategies are appearing. New entities have been involved in the establishment or operation of diverse food franchise types, such as master franchises or concession businesses. This has led to a lack of clarity in the identification of the food safety or food origin managing body. In fact, that body may not even exist, while in other contexts, there may be overlapping bodies. This is because the Korean statutory system that directly governs food safety and indirectly governs food franchise operations has gaps as a result of the fast‐paced changes in the food franchise industry. The statutory system in Korea stipulates duties required of a specific subject (either a type of seller or a business owner). However, the statutory system for the Korean food industry does not address the diverse forms of franchise operations and various operating entities (such as master franchisors, master franchisees and their unit stores, direct franchisors and their unit franchisee stores, operators of nonfood commercial facilities, operators of concession businesses, and others). This study contends that if this description of the situation is accurate, the food safety management system can be supplemented by the strategic or hygienic controls of each food franchise or through inter‐business‐contract management with multiple operational entities. This study also makes a case for amending the national statutory framework.
Distribution of liver stiffness in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease with higher fibrosis‐4 index than low cut‐off index
Authors: Tomeno Wataru , Imajo Kento , Kuwada Yukiko , Ogawa Yuji , Kikuchi Minako , Honda Yasushi , Kato Takayuki , Kessoku Takaomi , Kirikoshi Hiroyuki , Yoneda Masato , Kitahora Tetsuji , Saito Satoru , Ozawa Yukihiko , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and AimIn the condition of high prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a new diagnostic algorithm to efficiently identify NAFLD patients with significant fibrosis is urgently required. We evaluated the predictive ability of the fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4 index) for significant liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2) in a cohort of Japanese patients with NAFLD.MethodsWe prospectively calculated the FIB‐4 index in patients who were incidentally diagnosed as fatty liver in medical checkups and then conducted liver stiffness measurement by vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE) only in patients in whom the FIB‐4 index was more than the low cut‐off index (> 1.45).ResultsOf the 5929 people who underwent medical checkups, a total of 1374 people were identified as having fatty liver. Among these, we performed VCTE in 106 patients in whom the FIB‐4 index was higher than 1.45. The distribution of the fibrosis stage as estimated by VCTE in the patients was as follows: F0, 52.8%; F1, 10.3%; F2, 21.6%; F3, 11.3%; and F4, 3.7%. The positive predictive value of the FIB‐4 index for detecting NAFLD with significant fibrosis was 36.6%. The minimum value of the FIB‐4 index was constant for each estimated fibrosis stage.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective study to evaluate the usefulness of the FIB‐4 index as the first step to screen NAFLD patients with significant fibrosis. In Japan, addition of one further step that combined with the FIB‐4 index is necessary to meaningfully reduce the number of patients needing liver stiffness measurement or liver biopsy.
Determinants of Physical Activity for Latino and White Middle School‐Aged Children
Authors: Garcia Aileen S. , Takahashi Shinya , Anderson‐Knott Mindy , Dev Dipti 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDPhysical activity (PA) has long been acknowledged to contribute health benefits among children. However, research has consistently shown that PA declines as children grow older. Thus, this study examined the factors which are associated to children's PA in order to identify potential barriers to PA.METHODSUsing data from the KidQuest Program, we conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses on survey data collected from fifth to seventh grade students in a small Midwestern city.RESULTSWe found that food knowledge, eating breakfast, and talking with family about eating healthy foods, are positively related to PA. On the other hand, screen time is negatively related to PA. In addition, our results evinced differences between ethnicities and found that Latino children's screen time affects their PA levels more than their white counterpart.CONCLUSIONSThere are different factors which can be tapped to increase PA among middle school‐aged children. Given the differences between the Latino and white samples especially in screen time, schools should consider individualized intervention, rather than a “one size fits all” program, to increase PA participation.
School‐Based Health Centers and School Connectedness
Authors: Bersamin Melina , Coulter Robert W. S. , Gaarde Jenna , Garbers Samantha , Mair Christina , Santelli John 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDImprovements in health behaviors and academic outcomes have been associated with school‐based health centers (SBHCs). However, underlying mechanisms for these associations have been largely unexamined, particularly among lower‐income youth. The current study examines the relationship between SBHCs and school connectedness and whether this relationship differs by youths' socioeconomic status (SES).METHODSStudent‐level cross‐sectional data from 503 traditional high schools in California were analyzed using multilevel regression models. California Healthy Kids Survey 2013‐2014 data included information on 3 dimensions of school connectedness and demographic characteristics including SES as measured by parental education. School‐level demographic data was gathered from publicly available sources.RESULTSAlthough no significant relationship between SBHCs and any of the school connectedness dimensions emerged, there were significant cross‐level interactions between SBHCs and parent education. SBHCs were more positively associated with school connectedness (adult caring, adult expectations, and meaningful participation) among lower SES students compared to students with higher SES.CONCLUSIONSSBHCs may be particularly effective in affecting school connectedness among lower income youth populations. This has wide ranging implications with regards to planning (eg, careful selection of where SBHCs can be most effective), and future research (eg, examining the effectiveness of specific SBHC strategies that support connectedness).
A Prospective Cohort Study on Injuries Among Intensely Physically Active High School Students
Authors: Krtinic Gordana , Duric Predrag 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe leading cause of nonfatal injuries in age group 14‐19 is sports injuries. Purpose of the study was to determine the association between intense physical activity and injury and to identify the circumstances and environment in which injuries are most likely to occur.METHODSA prospective cohort study included 698 high school students 15‐19 years old, divided into those exposed and those unexposed to intense physical activity. The international standard questionnaire about physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire—IPAQ) and the metabolic equivalent task (MET) scores were used.RESULTSThe risk of injuries was 7 times higher (relative risk [RR]: 7.041; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.071, 8.187) and the risk of injuries requiring treatment in health facilities was 15 times higher (RR: 14.717; 95% CI: 10.652, 20.592) in the intensely physically active adolescents. The risk of gaining sports injuries was 11 times higher in the exposed group (RR: 11.212; 95% CI: 9.013, 14.074), with a significantly higher incidence rate (Inc.) among men (82.9 per 100). Most injuries occurred in football (Inc. 4.4 per 1000 hours), volleyball (Inc. 3.9 per 1000 hours), and boxing/kickboxing (Inc. 3.7 per 1000 hours).CONCLUSIONSIntensely physically active high school students have a much higher risk of injury, which usually occurs during training or a match.
Prevalence and Types of School‐Based Out‐of‐School Time Programs at Elementary Schools and Implications for Student Nutrition and Physical Activity
Authors: Sliwa Sarah A. , Calvert Hannah G. , Williams Heather P. , Turner Lindsey 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDOut‐of‐school time (OST) programs are an important setting for supporting student health and academic achievement. This study describes the prevalence and characteristics of school‐based OST programs, which can inform efforts to promote healthy behaviors in this setting.METHODSA nationally representative sample of public elementary schools (N = 640) completed surveys in 2013‐2014. Administrators reported on OST programs and policies at their school. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the prevalence of school‐based OST programs, adjusting for school characteristics. Among schools with OST programs (N = 475), chi‐square tests identified school characteristics associated with having an OST policy about physical activity or nutrition.RESULTSThree fourths of elementary schools (75.6%) had a full‐ or partial‐year school‐based OST program, with 30.8% having both. Full‐ and partial‐year programs were significantly less prevalent in rural and township areas versus urban settings. Only 27.5% of schools with OST programs reported having physical activity and/or nutrition policies.CONCLUSIONSMost US elementary schools have an on‐site OST program, but disparities in access exist, and most lack policies or awareness of existing policies regarding physical activity and nutrition. To maximize OST programs' potential benefits, strategies are needed to increase access to programs and physical activity and/or nutrition policy adoption.