bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis dan produksi nitrit oksida pada makrofag peritoneum tikus Sprague Dawley yang diberi Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 dan ekstrak serat ubi jalar
Authors: Lestari Lily Arsanti , Soesatyo Marsetyawan Heparis Nur Ekandaru , Iravati Susi , Harmayani Eni 
Published: March 2019

Background: Macrophages play an important role as part of the innate immune response in the gut and they represent one of the first lines of nonspecific defense against bacterial invasion. Previous studies indicated that probiotics and prebiotics may act as an immunomodulator agents. Nevertheless, research on the immunomodulatory effect of local materials has never been performed.Objective: To study the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 and sweet potato fiber on the activity and Nitric Oxide (NO) production of peritoneal macrophages of Sprague Dawley rats.Method: Ninety six Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were divided into two groups; A (not infected with Salmonella typhimurium) and B (infected with S. typhimurium). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups and assigned to standard AIN-93M diet (KON), 109 CFU/ml of L. plantarum Mut7 (PRO), modified AIN-93M diet with sweet potato fiber (PRE), and both component (SIN). After 3 weeks of treatment, 6 rats of each subgroup were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophages were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production. The rest of the rats continued the treatments for another 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, they were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophage were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production.Results: Oral administration of L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both improve phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage which was indicated by an increase in the percentage of macrophages that phagocyte latex particles (p<0.05) and an increase in the number of latex particles engulfed by macrophages either after 3 or 5 weeks of treatment (p<0.05). Oral administration of L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both were unable to increase the nitric oxide production after 3 weeks of treatment (p>0.05), but after 5 weeks of treatment the production of NO was significantly increased (p<0.05).Conclusion: L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both increase the non specific immune response as they could improve the activity and NO production of peritoneal macrophages.
Pengaruh konseling gizi dan penambahan makanan terhadap asupan zat gizi dan status gizi pasien HIV/AIDS
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti , Purba Martalena Br , Pangastuti Retno 
Published: March 2019

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome of opportunistic disease due to decreased immunity in patient HIV/AIDS with the symptom of losing weight progressively and low nutrition status. To cover the condition, it is necessary to give nutrition support. Objective: To compare the effect of nutrition counseling and nutrition supplementation with nutrition counseling only towards the nutrition status and nutrition intake of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Method: The study was experimental non randomized control group pre-post test design. Subject consisted of two groups i.e. nutrition counseling plus (with nutrition supplementation) and nutrition counseling only. The study was carried out at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from January to March 2012. The sample were taken purposively with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and linear regression to calculate nutrient intake and nutrition status.Results: The energy intake of nutrition counseling plus group showed significantly higher amount than the group with nutrition counseling only (change of 141.40 kcal vs 15.99 kcal; OR=4.96). Protein intake was insignificantly higher than nutrition counseling (change of 6.28 g vs 5.11 g; OR=1.94), weight were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (change of 0.46 kg vs 0.75 kg; OR=1.21), and nutrition status were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (changes in body mass index 0.18 kg/m2 vs 0.32 kg/m2; OR=1.25).Conclusion: Nutrition counseling plus could increase energy intake but could not increase protein intake, weight, and body mass index.
Pengaruh pemberian diet rendah karbohidrat tinggi lemak terhadap penurunan CO2 darah dan perbaikan respirasi pada pasien penyakit paru obstruktif kronik di Rumah Sakit Immanuel Bandung
Authors: Wijaya Ruth R , Pramantara I Dewa Putu , Susetyowati Susetyowati 
Published: March 2019

Background: Lung diseases are one of the main health problems in Indonesia. Among the lung diseases, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the 7th leading causes of death in Indonesia. The prevalence COPD tends to increase due to increasing smoking habit, industrialization, air pollution, and more elderly people. Diet regulation for COPD patients were mainly for energy consumption, and accurate proportion of carbohydrate and fat. Excessive carbohydrate intake will increase blood CO2.Objective: To evaluate the influence of low carbohydrate and high fat diet on the decrease of CO2 concentration and improving respiration in acute exacerbation of COPD.Methods: This is an experiment study, with pre and posttest design. The subjects were COPD patients who hospitalized due to acute exacerbation. The subjects must be conscious, no left heart failure, no coronary heart disease, no acute respiratory failure that need ventilator and hospitalized for minimum 7 days and could take oral diet.Results: Women, younger, and no smoking COPD patients had decreased blood CO2 offer low carbohydrate high fatty diet. All patients with this diet experience had improvement in their respiratory symptoms.Conclusion: Low carbohydrate high fat diet decreases blood CO2 in new acute exacerbation of COPD patients, no smoking women and younger patients. However, this diet improved respiratory symptoms for all patients who receive it.
Pengaruh status gizi ibu menyusui terhadap eksklusivitas pemberian ASI dan pertumbuhan bayi di RSUD Prof. Dr. WZ. Johannes Kupang
Authors: Soi Beatrix , Julia Madarina , Budiningsari R Dwi 
Published: March 2019

Background : Numerous research have been made to find out contributive factors of the exclusive breastfeeding.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out whether mothers’ nutritional status had any influence on the exclusivity of breastfeeding and on the growth of their babies up to 4 months.Methods: This observational study was carried out with a prospective cohort design and lasted from November 2004 to May 2005. The subjects were 80 pairs of mother and baby treated at the Obstetric and Gynecology Unit (UPF) of Local Public Hospital (RSUD) Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes at Kupang – NTT. The subjects were divided into two groups namely Undernutrition status group marked by <23,5 cm mid arm-circumference, and control group comprised 46 mothers of well- nutrition status who had bigger mid arm-circumference >23,5 cm. Observed babies were those of normal or spontaneous delivery, non twin with >2500 g birth weight. Follow up observations were made at family home and the data on breastfeeding characteristics were collected by interview, babies weight were measured by Secca baby scale with 0,01 kg level of accuracy mid arm-circumference was measured by means of LILA tape, and body length was measured using length-board. Tools measure with 0,1 cm level of accuracy. Some statistical tests were used namely Chi-Square; student’s t-test; and while Kaplan Meier log-rank test as needed.Results: More than 50% of under-nutrition mothers were under 25 years old. Chi-Square test shows that significant difference between mother’s age was (p=0,04). More than 50% of the KEK group gave birth for the first time or ‘primipara’ (p=0,25). Kaplan Meier analysis showed that there was no difference between survival median of breastfeeding be- tween the both group (p=0,53). t-test showed that there were significant differences of the babies body weight of the both KEK and non KEK mothers, namely pd”0,01, p=0.01, and p=0.03 in the first, second, third, and the fourth month respectively. In terms of the average babies body length, the t-test also showed significant differences between both groups with p=0.02 and p=0.01 in the third and the fourth month respectively.Conclusion: I can be concluded that mother’ nutrition status did not have any influence on the exclusivity of breastfeeding, however, it did significantly influence babies growth from 0- 4 month.
Hubungan antara asupan energi, asupan lemak, dan obesitas pada remaja siswa-siswi SLTP di Kota Yogyakarta dan di Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Medawati Ana , Hadi Hamam , Pramantara I Dewa Putu 
Published: March 2019

Background: The prevalence of obesity in young children and adolescents has been increasing very dramatically during the last two decades, especially in big cities. High intake of energy and fat may have contributed to obesity.Objective: To examine the relationship between energy intake, fat intake and obesity among adolescents.Method: A Case Control Study was conducted in 2003. Subjects were Junior High School students, age 10–15 years, living in the city of Jogjakarta and Bantul Regency were included in the study. Data on nutrition intake were collected by using Food Frequency Questionnaires from 140 obese and 140 non obese junior high school students.Results: On average, the energy intake among cases and controls from the city of Jogjakarta were 2818,32 ± 618,05 kcal/day and 2210,42 ± 329,81 kcal/day respectively. Whereas total average of energy intake among cases and controls from Bantul were 2416,99 ± 673,52 kcal/day and 1778,09 ± 312,03 kcal/day respectively. Obesity was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with total energy and fat intakes in both city Jogjakarta and Bantul.Conclusion: Obesity was associated with total energy and fat intakes in Junior High School Students.
Pengaruh suplementasi Fe dan Zn terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan kesegaran jasmani pada lansia anemia di Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Pamungkasiwi Endang , Lestariana Wiryatun , Pangastuti Retno 
Published: March 2019

Background: Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory is a province of “elderly” structure population, as viewed from the number of elderly which is 15% of total population. Anemia is one of nutrition problems of elderly which reaches as high as 50%. This is caused by low intake of iron and other substances related to iron metabolism process in forming hemoglobin. Low hemoglobin concentration can be one of causes of elderly declining physical fitness. Efforts to overcome anemic problems can be done through the supply of iron and zinc for the elderly twice a week.Objective: To know effect of iron and zinc supply to hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness for anemic elderly at Bantul District, Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory.Methods: The study was a randomized double blind controlled trial design. Subject of the study were anemic elderly that fulfilled inclusion criteria. The supply of iron, combination of iron and zinc to trial group was given twice a week on different days, supply of iron was given on Monday and Thursday, while supply of zinc was given on Tuesday and Saturday. Laboratory and physical fitness examination to both group were done prior and after treatment. Nutrition intake data were achieved through food record. Next, to know effect of iron, iron and zinc supply to elderly hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness, covariant analysis was done.Results: The result of the study showed that after 3 months’ treatment, there was significant difference of hemoglobin concentration caused by different treatment of group with iron supply, iron and zinc combination supply and control group (p=0.012) although iron and combined iron and zinc supply had equal effectiveness in increasing hemoglobin concentration (p=0.404). There was no significant relationship between elderly hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness (p=0.448). This showed that treatment given affected increase of hemoglobin concentration but the supply and increase of hemoglobin concentration did not affect increase of elderly physical fitness.Conclusion: The supply of iron and combined iron and zinc increase hemoglobin concentration, but the supply and in- crease of hemoglobin concentration did not increase the elderly physical fitness.
Pola konsumsi makanan di luar rumah sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas pada remaja SMP di Kota Palembang
Authors: Podojoyo Podojoyo , Hadi Hamam , Huriyati Emy 
Published: March 2019

Background: Teenagers nutriture are complicated because teenagers often ignore meal time, have snacks and do not eat regularly so that eating out such as having fast foods becomes a favorite choice. Prevalence of obesity among teenagers in Yogyakarta is 7.8%, Tangerang 5.01% and Surabaya 6.5%. Changes of eating pattern in the family and habit of eating out at restaurants or food courts are presumed as factors that increase prevalence of obesity at Palembang Municipality.Objectives: To explore prevalence of obesity and identify relationship of eating out pattern among obese and non obese junior high school teenagers at Palembang Municipality.Method: First, a survey was done to 1,300 junior high school teenagers at Palembang Municipality to find out prevalence of obesity using cross sectional design with cluster random sampling technique. Next, to find out relationship between eating out consumption pattern and obesity, case control study with simple random sampling technique was used. Total number of samples in case control design was as many as 174 people, matched with age, sex, and grade. The study was conducted in July–December 2005. Data were analyzed using univariable, bivariable, and multivariable techniques.Results: Prevalence of obesity among junior high school teenagers at Palembang Municipality was 6.62%. There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between eating out fre- quency, consumption of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate, and occurence of obesity. There was significant relationship (p<0.05) between total consumption of energy, fat, carbohydrate, frequency of eating in, obese status of parents, social economic status of the family, education of fathers and mothers, and occurence of obesity. Conclusions: Factors related to occurence of obesity were frequency of eating in, total consumption of energy, obese status of parents and education of fathers. The factor most dominantly related to obesity was frequency of eating in.
Konsumsi karbohidrat dan lemak dan hubungannya dengan daya tahan jantung paru atlet sepak bola PS Semen Padang Divisi Utama PSSI Liga Bank Mandiri IX tahun 2003
Authors: Ferry Ferry , Kushartanti Woro , Noerhadi Mochammad 
Published: March 2019

Background: Football is body movement that need energy balanced for maintaining optimum cardiorespiratory endurance. Macronutrient and micronutrient are the most nutrient needed to produce energy so that athletes have maximal performance in each sport activity. Athlete’s menu must be consist of 60-70% carbohydrate and 20-25% fat of total energy.Objective: To find out the correlation between the pattern of carbohydrate and fat intake with cardiorespiratory endurance of football athletes of PS Semen Padang in the top division of PSSI Liga Bank Mandiri in 2003.Method: This research was observational with cross sectional design. The subjects were football athletes of PS Semen Padang in the top division of PSSI Liga Bank Mandiri in 2003. Variables consisted of the pattern of carbohydrate and fat intake, and cardiorespiratory endurance. Data were analysed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis.Results: There were no significant correlation between carbohydrate (p=0.751) and fat (p=0.297) intake with cardio- respiratory endurance, while BMI (p=0.034), triglyceride (p=0.044) and body fat (p=0.007) had significant correlation with cardiorspiratory endurance. The most influential variable to cardiorespiratory endurance was body fat (OR=12.00).Conclusion: There were significant correlation between BMI, triglyceride, and body fat with cardiorespiratory endurance of football athletes of PS Semen Padang in the top division of PSSI Liga Bank Mandiri in 2003, but there was no correlation between pattern of carbohydrate and fat intake with cardiorespiratory endurance.
Asupan yodium dan asupan goitrogenik hubungannya dengan status gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY) pada anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Dairi Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sitohang Urbanus , Sudargo Toto , Widagdo Dhuto 
Published: March 2019

Background: Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a health problem which affects the quality of human resources. IDD is caused by lack of iodine substance. The substance is needed for numerous syntheses and metabolism in the body, particularly thyroid glands. IDD may also be caused by high consumption goitrogenic substance.Objective: The study was meant to identify relationship between iodine and thiocyanate intake and IDD, and to identify differences in iodine and thiocyanate intake based on endemic level.Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. Method used were palpation of goiter glands to measure endemic level, food recall, and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure iodine and thiocyanate intake, ammonium persulfate digestion to measure urine iodine excretion. Data analysis used chi-square, Pearson correlation and anova.Results: The result of chi-square analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between iodine intake and IDD (p > 0.05, CI 95%: 0,34–1,18), but there was significant relationship between iodine intake and urine iodine excretion (p < 0.05, CI 95%: 2.2–7.2) with OR 3.9. There was significant relationship between IDD and thiocyanate intake (p < 0.05, CI 95%: 3.0–11.3) with OR 5.9, but there was no significant relationship between thiocyanate intake and urine iodine excretion (p > 0.05, CI 95%: 0.48–1.97). The result of Pearson correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between iodine and thiocyanate FFQ and IDD (p > 0.05); there was no significant relationship (but there was a tendency) between thiocyanate FFQ and IDD (p > 0.05). There were significant differences in iodine intake, thiocyanate intake, iodine FFQ and thiocyanate FFQ based on endemic level (p > 0.05).Conclusion: There was relationship between iodine intake and IDD/non-IDD, but there was relationship between urine iodine excretion and IDD. Children with IDD had higher consumption of thiocyanate than those who did not have IDD. There were differences in all measurements based on endemic level.
Jenis kelamin anak, pendidikan ibu, dan motivasi dari guru serta hubungannya dengan preferensi makanan anak sekolah pada anak prasekolah di TK Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
Authors: Proverawati Atikah , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Kuntjoro Tjahjono 
Published: March 2019

Background: Preference to foods among children is a predictor of food consumption pattern. Therefore good under- standing on food preference of children, factors related to foods most likes and disliked needs to be studied for nutrition education and food supply planning for children.Objective: To find out the relationship between children sex, education of mother, and motivation of teachers with preference to foods available in school among preschool children at Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto.Methods: The study used cross sectional approach by analyzing data of 60 preschool children. Observation and interview were carry out to identify food preference of the children. The independent variables were children sex, education of mothers, and motivation of teachers whereas the dependent variable was preference to foods available in school.Results: Boys liked jellies and quail egg satay whereas girls liked vegetable filled pastry and cracker fries. The result of chi-square test showed that there was difference in food preference between the girls and boys (p<0.05). Education of mothers was also related to preference to foods among children.Conclusion: There were significant relationship between sex and education of mothers with preference to foods available in school among preschool children
Pemberian suplemen seng sulfat dan pengaruhnya terhadap kadar seng serum dan jumlah CD4+ pada wanita usia lanjut sehat
Authors: Sari Yang Rusfinda , Juffrie Muhammad , Pramantara I Dewa Putu 
Published: March 2019

Background: Aging is a natural process which happens to all living creatures. Aging is followed by declining physiological function. Elderly is a risk factor of micronutrient deficiency including zinc which has an important role in the immune system. This condition causes declining cellular immunity functions through reduced amount of CD4 .Objective: To identify the effect of zinc sulphate supply to serum zinc level and amount of CD4 among the elderly.Method: The study used clinical test research design, one group pre-post test design (before and after trial). Subject of the study were “healthy” elderly individuals of more than 60 years old, willing to be studied. Assessment on nutritional status, physical examination and zinc level were made to the subjects. Next, subjects were supplied with 15 mg of zinc supplement once a day for 28 days. Then, re-examination was made to identify zinc level and the amount of CD4 lymphocyte. Statistical analysis used paired t-test.Results: Average age of the elderly observed (n = 30) was 64.43 ± 3.10 years. Average zinc level before the study was 5.85 ± 1.95 μmol/L, as many as 26 subjects (86%) had zinc under normal level, 4 subjects (14%) had normal zinc level + + + and no subject had zinc above normal level. Zinc level at the end of the study increased in as many as 27 subjects (90%) with average as 4.54 ± 3.84 μmol/L (p < 0.001). The amount of CD4 lymphocyte increased in 11 subjects (36%) with + average increase 26.83 ± 137.46 (/mm) (p = 0.29). Factors affecting increase of CD4 lymphocyte were age, weight, score of mini nutritional assessment and upper arm circle, and preliminary zinc level.Conclusion: The supply of 15 mg zinc for 28 days among the elderly could elevate serum zinc level significantly and could increase the amount of CD4 lymphocyte only in 11 subjects (36%).