bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agricultural irrigation development in Castilla y León (Spain): driving forces and outcomes for landscape and sustainability in the 21st century
Authors: Frey Fabienne , Mohr Franziska , Ruiz‐Aragón Virginia , Akinyemi Felicia O. , Bürgi Matthias 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Context
Agriculture relies on irrigation in many parts of the world, and the need for irrigation is increasing due to rising demands for agricultural products and climate change-induced alterations in rainfall patterns. However, irrigated agriculture has been found to damage ecosystems and threaten landscape sustainability.

Objectives
Against this background, there has been a recent development towards large-scale irrigation in Spain. The aim of this study is to understand this development at the landscape level and its impact in the context of landscape sustainability.

Methods
We focused on two study sites in Castilla y León using a mixed-methods approach. We studied driving forces, landscape changes, and sustainability outcomes through document analysis, interviews, and aerial photograph analysis.

Results
The development of a landscape-level underground pipe network took place at one study site and is planned for the second study site. Interviewees perceived institutional and social driving forces as particularly influential and technological driving forces as less influential. Political and economic driving forces were often interlinked. The irrigation development tied to land consolidation led to landscape changes, such as the removal of trees and increases in field size. Thus, in terms of environmental sustainability, trade-offs were found, while social sustainability outcomes were mainly positive. The impact on farmers’ economic security varied.

Conclusions
For further landscape-level irrigation developments, we recommend integrating preserving seminatural habitats and the structural diversity of the agricultural landscape in planning processes. We also recommend a shift towards more water efficient crops, evapotranspiration management, and a new funding scheme for farmers to offset rising electricity costs.
DArTseq genotyping facilitates identification of Aegilops biuncialis chromatin introgressed into bread wheat Mv9kr1
Authors: Gaál Eszter , Farkas András , Türkösi Edina , Kruppa Klaudia , Szakács Éva , Szőke-Pázsi Kitti , Kovács Péter , Kalapos Balázs , Darkó Éva , Said Mahmoud , Lampar Adam , Ivanizs László , Valárik Miroslav , Doležel Jaroslav , Molnár István 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWild wheat relative Aegilops biuncialis offers valuable traits for crop improvement through interspecific hybridization. However, gene transfer from Aegilops has been hampered by difficulties in detecting introgressed Ub- and Mb-genome chromatin in the wheat background at high resolution. The present study applied DArTseq technology to genotype two backcrossed populations (BC382, BC642) derived from crosses of wheat line Mv9kr1 with Ae. biuncialis accession, MvGB382 (early flowering and drought-tolerant) and MvGB642 (leaf rust-resistant). A total of 11,952 Aegilops-specific Silico-DArT markers and 8,998 wheat-specific markers were identified. Of these, 7,686 markers were assigned to Ub-genome chromosomes and 4,266 to Mb-genome chromosomes and were ordered using chromosome scale reference assemblies of hexaploid wheat and Ae. umbellulata. Ub-genome chromatin was detected in 5.7% of BC382 and 22.7% of BC642 lines, while 88.5% of BC382 and 84% of BC642 lines contained Mb-genome chromatin, predominantly the chromosomes 4Mb and 5Mb. The presence of alien chromatin was confirmed by microscopic analysis of mitotic metaphase cells using GISH and FISH, which allowed precise determination of the size and position of the introgression events. New Mv9kr1-Ae. biuncialis MvGB382 4Mb and 5Mb disomic addition lines together with a 5DS.5DL-5MbL recombination were identified. A possible effect of the 5MbL distal region on seed length has also been observed. Moreover, previously developed Mv9kr1-MvGB642 introgression lines were more precisely characterized. The newly developed cytogenetic stocks represent valuable genetic resources for wheat improvement, highlighting the importance of utilizing diverse genetic materials to enhance wheat breeding strategies.
Increasing support for economic freedom: responses in a representative sample of US adults
Authors: Krouse Michael D. , Zak Paul J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe relationship between economic freedom and improvements in social and economic outcomes is well-documented. Yet, increasing support for government control of voluntary exchange has arisen in the US and many other countries. The present study analyzed whether videos describing human flourishing would influence support for economic freedom. In Study 1, a ‘‘brain as predictor’’ approach measured the neurologic responses of participants (N = 64) to a library of videos in order identify the videos most likely to influence people's attitudes. Study 2 then sent two videos to a representative sample of US adults (N = 1212) and assessed support for economic freedom compared to a no-video control group. The analysis first identified demographic categories that had statistically low support for economic freedom (Californians, those with low incomes, Democrats, young adults, individuals without a college education, people receiving substantial government support, and women) as targets for influence. Two different videos increased support for economic freedom between 5 and 10% among Californians and among those receiving government aid. A feature importance analysis was used to rank the demographic factors affecting support for economic freedom, identifying those receiving government aid as the group for whom future messaging would have the largest impact.
Riding the merger wave: the gatekeeping role of auditors
Authors: Carnes Robert 
Published: November 2024

AbstractI investigate whether auditors engage in greater monitoring of acquirers during industry merger waves. Merger waves are periods of industry transformation (i.e., disruption) that are accompanied by greater uncertainty, limited internal and external corporate monitoring, and poorer acquisition performance. These factors threaten the quality of acquirers’ financial reports. I test whether auditors respond to these periods by increasing their effort, which improves audit quality, and by resigning from high-risk engagements to reduce their portfolio risk. For in-wave audits, I find that audit fees are higher, financial statements are less likely to be materially misstated, auditors are more likely to timely identify and report internal control deficiencies, and auditor resignations are higher. Overall, these findings are consistent with auditors adapting to merger waves and providing higher-quality corporate monitoring within the scope of their influence. Importantly, this study provides insights that broaden our understanding of auditing and M&A transactions.
Development of the organizational animalistic dehumanization scale
Authors: Cheung Francis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study reports the development of a new organizational animalistic dehumanization scale. Two longitudinal studies were conducted to validate the scale. In Study 1, 667 American participants participated in an online survey at Time (1) Two factors, namely organizational animalistic dehumanization (OAS) and organizational subservience and loyalty (OSL), were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). At Time 2, 574 participants were included. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor model. The new scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergence, and predictive validity. Study 2 reported the validation study of the Chinese-translated organizational animalistic dehumanization scale. 420 Chinese working adults in Hong Kong were recruited and matched their responses in the two-wave surveys. In line with Study 1, a two-factor solution was obtained and supported in the EFA and CFA. The translated scale also demonstrated good psychometric properties, including internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Finally, the animalistic dehumanization scales at Time 1 correlated significantly with criterion variables measured at Time (2) Limitations and implications were discussed.
Familiengrundschulzentren – Problemkonstruktionen, Folgen- und Wirkungserwartungen von pädagogischen Leitungskräften
Authors: Hermstein Björn , Lünenschloß Johannes , Sauerwein Markus N. 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungProgramme zur Förderung von Familienbildung an Kindertageseinrichtungen und Grundschulen zeugen von der wahrgenommenen Bedeutung zusammenwirkender gesellschaftlicher Sozialisationsinstanzen zugunsten eines kindgerechten Aufwachsens und zielen auf die Reduzierung sozialer Ungleichheiten. Für die Familiengrundschulzentren in NRW ist abseits offizieller Programmtheorien bisher gänzlich ungeklärt, von welchen Problemkonstruktionen und Folgenerwartungen in der (sozial-)pädagogischen Praxis ausgegangen wird. Auf Basis einer Interviewstudie an fünf Familiengrundschulzentren zeigt der Beitrag, dass die habitusvermittelte Distanz zu gesellschaftlichen Institutionen aus Bildung und Kultur, sprachliche Schwierigkeiten sowie Defizite in der Erziehungs- und Sozialkompetenz von den Leitungskräften als zentrale, von Familiengrundschulzentren zu adressierende, soziale Probleme identifiziert werden. Daneben wird deutlich, dass sich die mit der Eingliederung familienbezogener Bildungsangebote an Schulen assoziierten Folgenerwartungen allenfalls indirekt auf die sozialen Probleme selbst beziehen, sondern vielmehr die Stabilisierung der Institution Schule fokussieren.
Application of the GIS methods along with measured parameters to identify the NH4+ origin in the Hranice Karst (Czech Republic)
Authors: Geršl Milan , Sedláček Jozef , Oppeltová Petra , Ulrich Ondřej , Kohoutková Kristýna , Vlček Vítězslav , Klepárník Radim , Babák Vladimír 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study aims to determine the source of NH4+ ions in the mineral waters of the Hranice Karst. The study area is located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, Europe. The area is known mainly for its carbon dioxide of deep origin; the gas was the factor that enabled the formation of hypogene karst, in the Palaeozoic limestones, as well as warm mineral waters. The limestones of the area are covered by Neogene (Miocene) sediments of variable thickness and lithology. Recurrent sampling was done at 36 sites. A total of 96 surface water samples, 65 borehole water samples and 96 karst water samples were assessed. Major anions, cations and the content of nitrogen and its forms were determined for all water samples. The soil types were characterised by a field pedological survey. The normalised difference vegetation index was calculated in QGIS and vegetation vitality was evaluated. Since places with remarkably low vegetation index were found to be linked to the occurrence of Miocene sandstones, they represent points of rather fast entry of rainwater into the ground. As the presence of carbon dioxide creates an anoxic setting underground, the entering nitrates are transformed into NH4+ ions. This mechanism of transformation within the nitrogen cycle explains the presence of NH4+ ions in areas with elevated CO2.
Electrode/Electrolyte Optimization-Induced Double-Layered Architecture for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-(Dual) Halogen Batteries
Authors: Zhou Chengwang , Ding Zhezheng , Ying Shengzhe , Jiang Hao , Wang Yan , Fang Timing , Zhang You , Sun Bing , Tang Xiao , Liu Xiaomin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc-halogen batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to their abundant resources, intrinsic safety, and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, the uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and spontaneous shuttle effect of active species have prohibited their practical implementation. Herein, a double-layered protective film based on zinc-ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (ZEA) artificial film and ZnF2-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer has been successfully fabricated on the zinc metal anode via electrode/electrolyte synergistic optimization. The ZEA-based artificial film shows strong affinity for the ZnF2-rich SEI layer, therefore effectively suppressing the SEI breakage and facilitating the construction of double-layered protective film on the zinc metal anode. Such double-layered architecture not only modulates Zn2+ flux and suppresses the zinc dendrite growth, but also blocks the direct contact between the metal anode and electrolyte, thus mitigating the corrosion from the active species. When employing optimized metal anodes and electrolytes, the as-developed zinc-(dual) halogen batteries present high areal capacity and satisfactory cycling stability. This work provides a new avenue for developing aqueous zinc-(dual) halogen batteries.
Study on Characterization of SrO Aerosols Generated by Optimized Thermal Plasma Torch Aerosol Generator
Authors: Kumar Amit , Narayanam Sujatha Pavan , Pujala Usha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlasma Torch Aerosol Generation System (PTAGS) has been employed to generate nano aerosols with desirable characteristics. The operational parameters of PTAGS installed in the aerosol test facility have been optimized, and aerosols are generated using non-radioactive SrO2 powder. The current-voltage characteristics, electro-thermal efficiency and torch power are studied as a function of the flow rate of the plasma-generating gas (mixture of argon and nitrogen) and the arc current of the plasma torch. The relation of arc characteristics is determined using the Nottingham formulation. Based on this, torch parameters evolved and optimized as 20 kW power, 70% electro-thermal efficiency, 25 L min− 1 flow rate of plasma forming gas, 5 mg min− 1 powder feed rate and for 4–5 min torch operation towards the generation of SrO nano aerosols to achieve 1012 m− 3 and ~ 25 mg m− 3 for the count and mass concentration of aerosol respectively. The initial size distribution of the aerosols is in the few tens of nanometre range (10–40 nm) with a mean diameter of 26 nm (σg = 1.45). Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the morphology of nano aerosols was nearly spherical and the formation of SrO nanoparticles. A set of PTAGS operational parameters has been standardized to perform further experiments related to reactor safety analysis. PTAGS shall be tuned for aerosol generation in a large facility to achieve the characteristics equivalent to reactor accidental conditions.
Quantifying Specific and Systemic Factors in the Black-White Wealth Gap in the United States
Authors: Habibi Hamidreza , Liu Rongchen , Respighi Grasso Gonzalo Martin , Sanyal Anirban , Singh Nirvikar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a new quantitative analysis of the role of specific and systemic factors in racial wealth disparities in the United States. Specific or individual factors include characteristics such as education, occupation, homeownership, and inheritance. Systemic factors can be reflected in unexplained racial differences, or by considering the effect of differences in characteristics when taken together. Utilizing the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances and different approaches to estimating the effects of various characteristics, we argue that measured individual characteristics are limited in their ability to explain much of the Black-White wealth gap in the US. Quantile regressions find that the racial wealth gap exists within comparable segments of the wealth distribution, and also suggest that race matters, beyond measured characteristics.
A research on China–Russia arms control cooperation in outer space: achievement, challenge, and prospect
Authors: Liu Ying 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since entering the twenty-first century, advancements in space technology have accelerated the exploration and utilization of outer space, leading to significant developments in various fields of human society. However, this progression has also led to the acceleration of the militarization and weaponization of outer space, escalating the arms race and contributing to environmental pollution in outer space. Despite opposition from the US and other countries, China and Russia have made strides in cooperating on outer space arms control to prevent further militarization and arms race. In this new era of unprecedented changes unseen in a century, outer space faces increasingly serious security threats. Guided by the principle of a global community of shared future, China and Russia must continue to strengthen cooperation within the framework of multilateral mechanisms such as the United Nations. They must work together to promote international negotiations in the field of outer space arms control and reach international legal documents on outer space security. Furthermore, they must make due contributions to promoting global security governance and the peaceful development of human society.
Preoperative anemia is associated with increased length of stay in adult spinal deformity surgery: evaluation of a large single-center patient cohort and future suggestions for patient optimization
Authors: Dagli Mert Marcel , Wathen Connor A. , Golubovsky Joshua L. , Ghenbot Yohannes , Arena John D. , Santangelo Gabrielle , Heintz Jonathan , Ali Zarina S. , Welch William C. , Yoon Jang W. , Arlet Vincent , Ozturk Ali K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the relationship of preoperative hemoglobin levels as an independent prognostic factor for hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD), with the intent of determining whether there exists a correlation and enhancing patient preoperative optimization protocols.

Methods
The authors reviewed consecutive patients who underwent elective thoracolumbosacral posterior spinal fusion (PSF) involving six or more vertebrae for ASD from January 1, 2013, to December 13, 2021, with a minimum follow-up period of two years. This study primarily investigated the association of preoperative hemoglobin levels with hospital and ICU LOS. To analyze the data, both unadjusted and adjusted generalized linear models (GLM), incorporating cubic splines for non-linear variables, were applied.

Results
A total of 598 patients were included. GLMs for hospital and ICU LOS demonstrated nonlinear relationships with preoperative hemoglobin levels. Specifically, hospital LOS decreased with increasing preoperative hemoglobin until a significance threshold of 13.5 g/dl. Similarly, ICU LOS significantly decreased with increasing preoperative hemoglobin until 13.0 g/dl. Lower preoperative hemoglobin was associated with more perioperative transfusions, less likely discharge to home, and greater risk of reoperation.

Conclusions
Preoperative anemia is an independent non-linear risk factor that significantly affects LOS, disposition, and outcomes after surgery for ASD. These findings advocate for a systemic preoperative approach and highlight the need for future research to improve postoperative outcomes and reduce hospital resource utilization.

Level of evidence
IV.
Towards carbon neutrality: asymmetric impact of financial development and digitalization on carbon dioxide emissions in Mediterranean countries
Authors: Mehta Dhyani 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe current research investigates the impact of financial development, digitalization, green trade, manufacturing, and national income on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of six Mediterranean countries (MEDIT-6). The study uses a nonlinear panel quantile regression model with panel data of MEDIT-6 countries from 1994 to 2022. The study asserts that higher financial development will reduce CO2 emissions for MEDIT-6 countries, as it provides more financing options to invest in green energy and potentially curb excessive energy consumption which in turn reduces CO2 emissions. The study also provides evidence that digitalization in MEDIT-6 countries has led to dematerialization, thereby reducing CO2 emissions. Digitalization makes trade and commerce platforms more efficient by facilitating the smooth flow of information and enhancing the efficiency of production processes. The positive relationship between manufacturing and national income and CO2 emissions exhibits a U-shaped pattern, which supports the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. The study shows how the MEDIT-6 countries have been successful in promoting financial development and digitalization, which helps reduce their CO2 emissions. However, it also raises concerns for policymakers as promoting developmental activities such as manufacturing is inevitable, but it comes with environmental challenges such as higher CO2 emissions. The current study contributes to the reservoir of existing literature by providing fresh evidence from the Mediterranean region on the impact of financial development and digitalization on CO2 emissions.
Graphical Abstract
Unlocking the potential of precision agriculture for sustainable farming
Authors: Mgendi George 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Abstract
Precision agriculture, a transformative farming approach, has gained prominence due to advancements in digital technologies. This paper explores the multifaceted landscape of precision agriculture, focusing on its tangible benefits, challenges, and future directions.

Purpose
Amidst the growing interest in precision agriculture, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of its various aspects. Specifically, it seeks to elucidate the benefits of precision agriculture in optimizing resource utilization, enhancing crop health, and promoting sustainability. Moreover, it examines the challenges faced in its implementation and proposes future directions to overcome these obstacles.

Findings
Through a review of existing literature and case studies, this paper presents a nuanced understanding of precision agriculture's impact on crop farming, livestock production, economic outcomes, and environmental sustainability. It identifies key challenges such as data security, implementation costs, and regulatory frameworks, while also highlighting innovative solutions and promising advancements in the field.

Originality
To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents a rigorous attempt to comprehensively analyze the landscape of precision agriculture, with a focus on its original contributions to the field. By synthesizing existing research and offering insights into future directions, it adds to the emerging knowledge base surrounding precision agriculture and its potential to revolutionize modern farming practices.
Wavelet-based vibration denoising for structural health monitoring
Authors: Silik Ahmed , Noori Mohammad , Wu Zhishen , Altabey Wael A. , Dang Ji , Farhan Nabeel S. D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the context of civil engineering applications, vibration responses are complex, exhibiting variations in time and space and often containing nonlinearity and uncertainties not considered during data collection. These responses can also be contaminated by various sources, impacting damage identification processes. A significant challenge is how to effectively remove noise from these data to obtain reliable damage indicators that are unresponsive to noise and environmental factors.This study proposes a new denoising algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) that addresses this issue. The suggested method offers a strategy for denoising using distinct thresholds for positive and negative coefficient values at each band and applying denoising process to both detail and trend components. The results prove the effectiveness of the technique and show that Bayes thresholding performs better than the other techniques in terms of the evaluated metrics. This suggests that Bayes thresholding is a more accurate and robust technique for thresholding compared to other common techniques.