bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Genomic Selection by Response to Selection for Winter Wheat Variety Improvement
Authors: Hu Xiaowei , Carver Brett F. , Powers Carol , Yan Liuling , Zhu Lan , Chen Charles 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe genomic revolution opened up the possibility for predicting un-tested phenotypes in schemes commonly referred as genomic selection (GS). Considering the practicality of applying GS in the line development stage of a hard red winter (HRW) wheat variety development program (VDP), effectiveness of GS was evaluated by prediction accuracy, as well as by the response to selection across field seasons that demonstrated challenges for crop improvement under significant climate variability. Important breeding targets for HRW wheat improvement in the southern Great Plains of USA, including Grain Yield, Kernel Weight, Wheat Protein content, and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Sedimentation Volume as a rapid test for predicting bread-making quality, were used to estimate GS’s effectiveness across harvest years from 2014 (drought) to 2016 (normal). In general, nonparametric algorithms RKHS and RF produced higher accuracies in both same-year/environment cross validations and cross-year/environment predictions, for the purpose of line selection in this bi-parental doubled haploid (DH) population. Further, the stability of GS performance was greatest for SDS Sedimentation Volume but least for Wheat Protein content. To ensure long-term genetic gain, our study on selection response suggested that across this sample of environmental variability, and though there are cases where phenotypic selection (PS) might be still preferential, training conducted under drought stress or in suboptimal conditions could still provide an encouraging prediction outcome, when selection decisions were made in normal conditions. However, it is not advisable to use training information collected from a normal field season to predict trait performance under drought conditions. Further, the superiority of response to selection was most evident if the training population can be optimized.Core IdeasPrediction performance for winter wheat grain yield and end-use quality traits.Prediction accuracy evaluated by cross validations significantly overestimated.Non-parametric algorithms outperform, when considering cross-year predictions.Strategically designing training population improves response to selection.Response to selection varied across growing seasons/environments.
Freeze-frame imaging of synaptic activity using SynTagMA
Authors: Perez-Alvarez Alberto , Fearey Brenna C. , Schulze Christian , O’Toole Ryan J. , Moeyaert Benjamien , Mohr Manuel A. , Arganda-Carreras Ignacio , Yang Wei , Wiegert J. Simon , Schreiter Eric R. , Gee Christine E. , Hoppa Michael B. , Oertner Thomas G. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTInformation within the brain travels from neuron to neuron across synapses. At any given moment, only a few synapses within billions will be active and are thought to transmit key information about the environment, a behavior being executed or memory being recalled. Here we present SynTagMA, which marks active synapses within a ~2 s time window. Upon violet illumination, the genetically expressed tag converts from green to red fluorescence if bound to calcium. Targeted to presynaptic terminals, preSynTagMA allows discrimination between active and silent axons. Targeted to excitatory postsynapses, postSynTagMA creates a snapshot of synapses active just before photoconversion. To analyze large datasets, we developed an analysis program that automatically identifies and tracks the fluorescence of thousands of individual synapses in tissue. Together, these tools provide a high throughput method for repeatedly mapping active synapses in vitro and in vivo.
Synaptotagmin-1 and Doc2b exhibit distinct membrane remodeling mechanisms
Authors: Sorkin Raya , Marchetti Margherita , Logtenberg Emma , Piontek Melissa , Kerklingh Emma , Brand Guy , Voleti Rashmi , Rizo Josep , Roos Wouter H. , Groffen Alexander J. , Wuite Gijs J. L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile the role of Synaptotagmin-1 in living cells has been described in detail, it remains a challenge to dissect the contribution of membrane remodelling by its two cytoplasmic C2 domains (C2AB) to the Ca2+-secretion coupling mechanism. Here, we study membrane remodeling using pairs of optically-trapped beads coated with SNARE-free synthetic membranes. We find that the soluble C2AB domain of Syt1 strongly affects the probability and strength of membrane-membrane interactions in a strictly Ca2+- and protein-dependent manner. A lipid mixing assay with confocal imaging reveals that at low Syt1 concentrations, no hemifusion is observed. Notably, for similar low concentrations of Doc2b hemifusion does occur. Consistently, both C2AB fragments cause a reduction in the membrane bending modulus, as measured by an AFM-based method. This lowering of the energy required for membrane deformation likely contributes to the overall Ca2+-secretion triggering mechanism by calcium sensor proteins. When comparing symmetrical (both sides) and asymmetrical (one side) presence of protein on the membranes, Syt1 favors an asymmetrical but Doc2b a symmetrical configuration, as inferred from higher tether probabilities and break forces. This provides support for the direct bridging hypothesis for Syt-1, while hinting to possible preference for protein-protein (and not protein-membrane) interactions for Doc2b. Overall, our study sheds new light on the mechanism of Ca2+ induced fusion triggering, which is essential for fundamental understanding of secretion of neurotransmitters and endocrine substances.
Deflection analysis of the airship structure based on the tapered inflatable beam
Authors: Chen Zheng , Zhao Haitao , Li Xiaowang , Chen Ji’an 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the deflection of the flexible airship structure in a new way which can decrease the calculation amount and improve the calculation speed.

Design/methodology/approach
Infinitesimal method and tapered inflatable beam theory are combined to study the mechanics characteristics of the airship. Firstly, infinitesimal method is introduced into the airship structure analysis. The airship structure can be divided into several tapered inflatable beam elements. Then, tapered inflatable beam theory is improved and a developed model of the tapered inflatable beam under bending moment is presented. Besides, it is proved that deflection caused by pure load and pure moment can be linearly superimposed. Finally, the deflection of the airship structure is studied by means of tapered inflatable beam theory.

Findings
This paper improved the tapered inflatable beam theory. Besides, the proposed method for deflection analysis of the flexible airship in this paper can reach the same accuracy with traditional finite element method (FEM). However, the number of beam elements is much less than the one of FEM shell elements, which will decrease the calculation amount much and improve the calculation speed.

Practical implications
The flexible airship is a new and developing research area in engineering practice. The proposed method in this paper provides one precise and high-speed way to analyse the deformation of the airship.

Originality/value
The paper draws its value from the contributions to development of inflatable structure and the flexible airship mechanics research.
A Test of Sex Estimation in Subadults Using the Elevation of the Auricular Surface from Four Samples of Known Age and Sex
Authors: Blake Kathleen A.S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBiological sex is foundational to the work of forensic anthropologists and bioarcheologists. The lack of reliable biological sex estimation methods for subadults has, thus, greatly limited forensic and bioarcheological analyses. Auricular surface elevation showed promise as a subadult sex estimation method in previous studies. This study examined two auricular surface elevation evaluation methods on four subadult samples of known age, sex, and ancestry. Samples were scored as “male,” “female,” or “indeterminate” and results were examined with chi‐square analysis. No consistent sex estimation pattern, accuracy, or predictive value was produced between samples. Only one test was significant using Fisher's exact test analysis (FET = 7.501, p < 0.022): the composite approach on the Hamann‐Todd sample. While age, sample size, or developmental factors may play a role in these results, clearly sample variation does as well. This study found auricular surface elevation was not a useful subadult sex estimation method.
Adhesion of Bread Dough to Solid Surfaces Under Controlled Heating: Balance Between the Rheological and Interfacial Properties of Dough
Authors: Huault Lucie , Vésinet Manon , Brogly Maurice , Giampaoli Pierre , Bistac Sophie , Bosc Véronique 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe adhesion of wheat dough affects many aspects of industrial baking, from kneading raw dough to the final baking process. In this work, an original method was developed to study the effect of temperature on the adhesive properties of bread dough in contact with a solid surface during heating. Using this approach, it will be possible to understand the factors that affect adhesion between dough and a baking surface, which will aid in developing methods to prevent dough from sticking. Overall, the dough's adhesion to a hydrophobic surface globally decreased with an increase in temperature from 35 to 97 °C, with the exception of the temperature range between 55 and 70 °C, in which the energy of adhesion increased slightly. Under these circumstances, the evolution of adhesion was primarily shaped by the rheological properties of the dough. However, when we used a solid surface with different surface energy, the results changed significantly, which suggests that the mechanisms of adhesion during heating are governed by a balance between the interfacial and bulk properties of the heated dough. The overall decrease in the adhesion of the dough to the hydrophobic glass surface may be explained by a decrease in dough hydrophobicity due to structural and chemical changes in the dough.
Characteristics and long‐term outcomes of advanced pleural mesothelioma in Latin America (MeSO‐CLICaP)
Authors: Rojas Leonardo , Cardona Andrés F. , Trejo‐Rosales Rogelio , Zatarain‐Barrón Zyanya Lucia , Ramírez‐Tirado Laura‐Alejandra , Ruiz‐Patiño Alejandro , Campos Gómez Saúl , Corrales Luis , Oblitas George , Bacon Ludwing , Martín Claudio , de Lima Vladmir C. Cordeiro , Freitas Helano C. , Mas Luis , Vargas Carlos , Carranza Hernán , Otero Jorge , Pérez María Angelina , González Lisde , Chirinos Luis , Granados Sara T. , Rodriguez July , Báez Renata , Remolina Bonilla Yuly‐Andrea , Núñez Cerrillo Gustavo , Archila Pilar , Cuello Mauricio , Karachaliou Niki , Rosell Rafael , Arrieta Oscar ,   on behalf CLICaP
Published: February 2019

BackgroundMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor, associated with poor prognosis. There is a lack of information about the clinical and pathological features related with survival in the Latin American population.MethodsThe MeSO‐CLICaP registry identified 302 patients with advanced MPM diagnosed and treated between January 2008 and March 2016. The Cox model was applied to determine the variables associated with survival. A random forest tree model was built to predict the response to first‐line chemotherapy among Latin American patients.ResultsThe median age was 61.1 years (SD 10.6 years), 191 (63.2%) were men, 65.9% were ever smokers, and 38.7% had previous exposure to asbestos. A total of 237 (78.5%) had epithelioid tumors, and 188 (62.3%) and 114 (37.7%) cases had stage III or IV MPM, respectively. A total of 49 patients (16.2%) underwent pleurectomy, 57 (18.9%) received radiotherapy, and 279 patients received first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy. The overall response rate to first‐line chemotherapy was 40.4%, progression‐free survival to first‐line treatment was 5.7 months (95% CI 4.9–6.5), and 63 (20.8%) patients had pemetrexed maintenance. The median overall survival was 16.8 months (95% CI 13.0–20.5), and multivariate analysis found that stage (P = 0.013), and pleurodesis (P = 0.048), were independent prognostic factors for first‐line overall survival. The model to predict response to first‐line chemotherapy obtained a 0.98 area under the curve, a sensitivity of 93%, and a specificity of 95% for detecting responders and non‐responders.ConclusionThis study identifies factors associated with clinical benefit from chemotherapy among advanced MPM Latin American patients, emphasizing the impact of histology and the clinical benefit of chemotherapy on outcomes.
HIF1α‐mediated AIMP3 suppression delays stem cell aging via the induction of autophagy
Authors: Kim Chul , Park Ji‐Min , Song Youngsook , Kim Sunghoon , Moon Jisook 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSenescence in stem cells, which occurs as a consequence of chronic responses to the environment, defines the capacity of stem cells for proliferation and differentiation as well as their potential for tissue regeneration and homeostasis maintenance. Although stem cells reside under low oxygen pressure and the availability of oxygen is known to be a crucial determinant in their fate, the key modulators in stem cell aging and the underlying mechanism have yet to be unraveled. Human placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hpMSCs) were cultured under hypoxia (3% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) to investigate the key factors that regulate stem cell senescence under hypoxic conditions. RNA sequencing results suggested that the expression of aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase‐interacting multifunctional protein 3 (AIMP3, EEF1E1), an aging inducer, in the hpMSCs was dramatically repressed under hypoxia with concurrent suppression of the aging marker p16INK4a. The hpMSCs that overexpressed AIMP3 under hypoxic conditions displayed significantly decreased proliferation and fewer stem cell characteristics, whereas the downregulation of AIMP3 ameliorated the age‐related senescence of MSCs. Consistent with the results of the hpMSCs, MSCs isolated from the adipose tissue of AIMP3‐overexpressing mice exhibited decreased stem cell functions. Interestingly, AIMP3‐induced senescence is negatively regulated by hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and positively regulated by Notch3. Furthermore, we showed that AIMP3 enhanced mitochondrial respiration and suppressed autophagic activity, indicating that the AIMP3‐associated modulation of metabolism and autophagy is a key mechanism in the senescence of stem cells and further suggesting a novel target for interventions against aging.
Drinking and Intimate Partner Violence Severity Levels Among U.S. Ethnic Groups in an Urban Emergency Department
Authors: Caetano Raul , Cunradi Carol B. , Alter Harrison J. , Mair Christina , Yau Rebecca K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundEmergency departments (EDs) provide care to ethnically diverse populations with multiple health‐related risk factors, many of which are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). This paper examines ethnic‐specific 12‐month rates of physical IPV by severity and their association with drinking and other sociodemographic and personality correlates in an urban ED sample.MethodsResearch assistants surveyed patients at an urban ED regarding IPV exposure as well as patterns of alcohol and drug use, psychological distress, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and other sociodemographic features.ResultsThe survey (N = 1,037) achieved an 87.5% participation rate. About 23% of the sample reported an IPV event in the past 12 months. Rates were higher (p < 0.001) among blacks (34%), whites (31%), and multiethnic (46%) respondents than those among Asians (13%) and Hispanics (15%). Modeled results showed that black respondents were more likely than Hispanics (reference) to report IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.98–2.66, p < 0.05) and that respondents’ partner drinking was associated with IPV (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.25–2.73, p < 0.01) but respondents’ drinking was not. Use of illicit drugs, younger age, impulsivity, depression, partner problem drinking, ACEs, and food insufficiency were all positively associated with IPV.ConclusionsThere was considerable variation in IPV rates across ethnic groups in the sample. The null results for the association between respondents’ drinking and IPV was surprising and may stem from the relatively moderate levels of drinking in the sample. Results for ethnicity, showing blacks as more likely than Hispanics to report IPV, support prior literature.
Composite pronator quadratus: radial forearm free flap in functional lip reconstruction
Authors: Grinsell Damien , Herle Pradyumna 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundReconstruction of lip defects following neoplasia and trauma is a common procedure in plastic surgery. Reconstruction of large lip defects is a difficult undertaking and some degree of residual functional impairment and disability are likely to occur. Microsurgical reconstruction is the recommended technique for large lip defects; however, limitations exist regarding optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes with current free flap options.MethodWe propose a new composite flap design based on the innervated pronator quadratus with the radial forearm free flap for a more dynamic reconstruction of total or near total lip defects. Results of our series of four patients have been reviewed.ResultsThe radial forearm flap – innervated pronator quadratus flap has been used in four patients thus far for lip reconstruction. This flap, in our limited series has shown excellent results in achieving oral competence, good motor function and acceptable cosmetic appearance.ConclusionThe composite radial forearm–pronator quadratus flap is a promising new lip reconstruction technique that has potential to provide a higher level of oral competence, sphincteric function and symmetrical lip movement, than current microsurgical options in dynamic lip reconstruction. This method warrants further investigation in plastic surgery literature.
Weekend effect: analysing temporal trends in solid organ donation
Authors: Hedley James A. , Chang Nicholas , Kelly Patrick J. , Rosales Brenda M. , Wyburn Kate , O'Leary Michael , Cavazzoni Elena , Webster Angela C. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundResearch suggests patients treated over weekends experience poorer outcomes. Only one US‐based study explored this weekend effect in organ donation, specifically the kidney discard rate. In Australia potential donors are referred to a donation service, and donation proceeds if family consent is granted and the donor is deemed medically suitable to donate. Organ procurement occurs when utilization is almost certain hence discard rates are much lower than in the USA. We aimed to characterize the effect of weekend referral on organ donation in Australia.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service logs from 2010 to 2016. Our primary outcome was progression to organ procurement, and secondary outcomes were family consent and meeting medical suitability thresholds. We used logistic regression with random effects adjusting for clustering of referral hospitals.ResultsOf 3496 potential donors referred for consideration, 694 (20%) progressed to organ procurement. There were fewer referrals on weekends (average 415 versus 588 for weekdays). However, donation rates were no lower for weekend compared to weekday referrals (adjusted OR 1.17; 95% CI 0.95, 1.44). Family consent (adjusted OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.00, 1.44) and medical suitability (adjusted OR 1.15; 95% CI 0.96, 1.38) were not lower for weekend compared to weekday referrals. Similar results were found for all sensitivity analyses conducted.ConclusionsIn Australia, the donation pathway operates consistently throughout the week, with donation no less likely to proceed on weekends and holidays. This finding contrasts with findings in the USA.
National trends in surgical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in Australia
Authors: Patel Rohan M. , Bariol Simon 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundTo determine national trends in the utilization of surgical procedures for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Australia over the last 20 years.MethodsThe Medicare Australia and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare databases were used to determine the annual number of surgical procedures and hospital admissions for BPH.ResultsFrom 1998 to 2017, surgical procedures for BPH have increased by 79% which is largely commensurate with population growth. From 1998 to 2008, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was the predominant surgical therapy, accounting for 96% of all surgical treatments. From 2008 to 2017, TURP use reduced to 70% and in the last 5 years has been replaced with photoselective vaporization (16%), UroLift (8%) and holmium laser prostatectomy (6%). UroLift is used significantly more in younger men (P < 0.001).ConclusionThere has been a substantial increase in surgical treatments for BPH over the last 20 years. In the last 5 years, TURP use has declined due to an increase in laser prostatectomy and UroLift procedures.
The response of gene expression associated with intramuscular fat deposition in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Simmental × Yellow breed cattle to different energy levels of diets
Authors: Zhang Haibo , Guan Weikun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study was designed to estimate dietary energy level on intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in Simmental × Yellow breed cattle. Results showed that ultimate weight and average daily gain in high and medium energy groups were significantly higher than low‐energy group, yet feed conversion ratio was significantly lower. IMF content was significantly increased by dietary energy increasing, whereas longissimus muscle shear force significantly decreased. Serum‐free fatty acids, triglycerides and glucose significantly increased by dietary energy increasing, whereas growth hormone (GH) significantly decreased. Enzyme activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) significantly increased by dietary energy increasing, whereas hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT‐1) significantly diminished. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1, stearoyl‐CoA desaturase, adipocyte‐fatty acid‐binding proteins, ACC, LPL, and FAS gene or protein expression significantly increased by dietary energy increasing, whereas HSL, CPT‐1, and GH gene or protein expression significantly decreased. These results indicated that high dietary energy promoting IMF deposition is mainly by downregulating pituitary GH gene expression, decreasing serum GH concentration, increasing lipogenic genes levels of mRNA, enzyme activities and protein expression, and decreasing lipolytic genes levels of mRNA, enzyme activities, and protein expression.