bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable Artificial Skins Accomplish Antiscar Healing with Multiple Appendage Regeneration
Authors: Xiong Mingchen , Yang Xinling , Shi Ziwei , Xiang Jiangbing , Gao Huanhuan , Ji Shuaifei , Li Yingying , Pi Wei , Chen Huating , Zhang Hongliang , Wang Mengyang , Li Yan , Hong Yiyue , Liu Dongsheng , Fu Xiaobing , Dong Yuanchen , Sun Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFunctional appendage regeneration is essential for skin rehabilitation, but it has always failed by current existing healing approaches, owing to their inefficacy in preventing disfiguring scars. In this study, a novel regeneration‐directing artificial skin (RDAS) system is presented, which is based on the rational design of multi‐layered hydrogels that closely mimic natural skin matrices. By leveraging the programmability and architectural rigidity of DNA components, without the need for exogenous cell transplantation, such RDAS effectively minimizes tissue fibrosis by accurately guiding the regenerative process in wound fibroblasts, enabling rapid scarless wound repair, restoration of dermal function, and successful in situ regeneration of multiple appendages, such as hair follicles (HFs), sebaceous glands (SGs), and sweat glands (SwGs). Therefore, the RDAS offers a cell‐free antiscarring therapeutic strategy for regenerative wound healing, resulting in improved outcomes. This innovative approach holds great potential for future clinical applications and burn rehabilitation.
Engineering of Single‐Atomic Sites for Electro‐ and Photo‐Catalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Li Yunxiang , Luan Deyan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect electro‐ and photo‐synthesis of H2O2 through the 2e− O2 reduction reaction (ORR) and H2O oxidation reaction (WOR) offer promising alternatives for on‐demand and on‐site production of this chemical. Exploring robust and selective active sites is crucial for enhancing H2O2 production through these pathways. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs), featuring isolated active sites on supports, possess attractive properties for promoting catalysis and unraveling catalytic mechanisms. This review first systematically summarizes significant advancements in atomic engineering of both metal and nonmetal single‐atom sites for electro‐ and photo‐catalytic 2e− ORR to H2O2, as well as the dynamic behaviors of active sites during catalytic processes. Next, the progress of single‐atom sites in H2O2 production through 2e− WOR is overviewed. The effects of the local physicochemical environments on the electronic structures and catalytic behaviors of isolated sites, along with the atomic catalytic mechanism involved in these H2O2 production pathways, are discussed in detail. This work also discusses the recent applications of H2O2 in advanced chemical transformations. Finally, a perspective on the development of single‐atom catalysis is highlighted, aiming to provide insights into future research on SACs for electro‐ and photo‐synthesis of H2O2 and other advanced catalytic applications.
Atomic Layer Processing (ALP): Ubi es et Quo Vadis?
Authors: Ashurbekova Kristina , Knez Mato 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAtomic Layer Processing (ALP) techniques have transformed materials engineering by enabling atomic/molecular‐level control over composition, fidelity in structure replication, and properties. Tracing its origins to pioneering molecular layering and atomic layer deposition work in the mid‐20th century, this multifaceted field has remarkably diversified to include molecular layer deposition (MLD), atomic layer etching (ALE), area‐selective deposition (ASD), and vapor‐phase infiltration (VPI) processes. ALP is making great impacts across diverse disciplines – facilitating semiconductor miniaturization through ultrathin dielectric films, improving battery materials and engineering catalysts for energy applications, creating bioactive surfaces for advanced biomaterials, and promoting sustainable membranes for environmental remediation. As ALP techniques continue evolving through integration with additive manufacturing, machine learning, and in situ diagnostics, new frontiers in materials design are emerging, driven by the growing focus on environmental considerations like renewable precursors, energy‐efficient processes, and waste minimization. This perspective article examines ALP's historical development, highlights current state‐of‐the‐art applications across selected fields, and provides insights into the anticipated future trajectory, emerging application domains, and the pivotal role of academic‐industry‐research laboratory collaborations in catalyzing ALP innovations and facilitating its widespread adoption as a transformative manufacturing platform.
The Effects of Inhibitor Chivosazole A on Actin Interacting with Profilin: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Liu Jia , Lin Lirui , Xu Li‐Yan , Li, En‐Min , Dong Geng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractActin is highly conserved and contributes to numerous cellular activities. Profilin, one of actin binding proteins, promotes the exchange rate of nucleotide of actin, which leads to a fast elongation of actin filament. To slow down the elongation of filament, chivosazole A (ChivoA) is developed as an inhibitor of blocking actin‐profilin interaction. Intriguingly, known from the solved crystal structure, ChivoA does not bind on the interface between actin and profilin. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is used to study the possible mechanism how ChivoA inhibits actin‐profilin interaction. First, principal component analysis and representative structures comparisons reveal that the conformation of ChivoA‐bound actin is restrained at a closed state, whereas a trend toward an open state is found in profilin‐bound actin. Then, Peptide Gaussian accelerated MD shows that ChivoA limits the ability of the DNase I binding loop (D‐loop) swings and enlarges a distance between two major profilin binding regions. On the contrary, the distance between these two regions of profilin‐bound actin decreases in a clamp‐like motion mode. Finally, binding energies are calculated by molecular mechanics/poisson‐boltzmann surface area method and display that the ChivoA‐bound actin is less favorable for profilin binding.
Concrete‐Inspired Bionic Bone Glue Repairs Osteoporotic Bone Defects by Gluing and Remodeling Aging Macrophages
Authors: Li Chong , Xu Wei , Li Lei , Zhou Yonghui , Yao Gang , Chen Guang , Xu Lei , Yang Ning , Yan Zhanjun , Zhu Chen , Fang Shiyuan , Qiao Yusen , Bai Jiaxiang , Li Meng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOsteoporotic fractures are characterized by abnormal inflammation, deterioration of the bone microenvironment, weakened mechanical properties, and difficulties in osteogenic differentiation. The chronic inflammatory state characterized by aging macrophages leads to delayed or non‐healing of the fracture or even the formation of bone defects. The current bottleneck in clinical treatment is to achieve strong fixation of the comminuted bone fragments and effective regulation of the complex microenvironment of aging macrophages. Inspired by cement and gravel in concrete infrastructure, a biomimetic bone glue with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres is developed and levodopa/oxidized chitosan hydrogel stabilized on an organic‐inorganic framework of nanohydroxyapatite, named DOPM. DOPM is characterized via morphological and mechanical characterization techniques, in vitro experiments with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, and in vivo experiments with an aged SD rat model exhibiting osteoporotic bone defects. DOPM exhibited excellent adhesion properties, good biocompatibility, and significant osteogenic differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that DOPM improved the inflammatory microenvironment by inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway and promoting aging macrophage polarization toward M2 macrophages, thus significantly accelerating bone defect repair and regeneration. This biomimetic bone glue, which enhances osteointegration and reestablishes the homeostasis of aging macrophages, has potential applications in the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects.
The influence of climate on varietal similarities across countries
Authors: Puga Germán , Anderson Kym 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, vignerons have focused more on the world's mainstream varieties than on differentiating their varietal mix. This has led countries to become more similar to each other in their mix of winegrape varieties and more varietally concentrated. What are the drivers of those changes? In this study, we focus on one of those drivers, that is, climate similarities. We estimate statistical models to quantify the potential influence of 16 climate variables on varietal similarities across countries, as well as on how their varietal mixes have become more or less similar since 2000. The results indicate not only that countries with more similar climates have more similar varietal mixes but also that in recent years countries with more similar climates have become even more similar in their mixes. This, however, does not necessarily mean that vignerons have been planting the varieties that are better adapted to their climates.Core Ideas
Wine‐producing countries have become more similar and concentrated in their mix of winegrape varieties.
This similarity extends particularly among countries sharing similar climatic conditions.
In recent years, countries with similar climates have continued to converge in their winegrape varietal mixes.
Nevertheless, vignerons have not necessarily been planting varieties that are better suited to their climates.
Joint Electrons and Photons Transfer from Dual‐Functional WO3:Yb,Er to Zn0.5Cd0.5S for Efficient H2 Evolution
Authors: Ma Zhaoyu , Song Xiaoxi , Lu Yue , Zhu Fukun , Xie Yuxi , Zhao Lijiang , Yang Zhengwen , Zhang Junying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUtilization of the near‐infrared (NIR) light in the solar spectrum is critical for efficiency improvement of photocatalytic H2 evolution. However, common semiconductors have low response to the NIR light and narrow bandgap semiconductors have inappropriate redox potentials. Here, the study presents a new dual‐functional up‐conversion strategy in one sensitizer for promoting photocatalytic hydrogen production reactions by converting NIR light to visible light and high‐energy electrons simultaneously, via photon‐photon conversion and photo‐electronic process, respectively. Using WO3:Yb,Er as the sensitizer and Zn0.5Cd0.5S as the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, a photocatalytic hydrogen release rate of 24.3 mmol g−1 h−1 under simulated solar‐light has been achieved without using any co‐catalyst. After loading Ni2P as a co‐catalyst, the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance can be further improved to 41.3 mmol g−1 h−1 at 10 °C and 93.3 mmol g−1 h−1 under non‐temperature‐controlled conditions, exceeding most photocatalysts. This work offers a new strategy to improve the NIR light utilization of the solar‐light for promoting photocatalytic hydrogen generation through synergistic photo‐optical, photo‐electronic, and photo‐thermal effects.
Solvent Descriptors Guided Wide‐Temperature Electrolyte Design for High‐Voltage Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Meng Tao , Yang Shanshan , Peng Yitong , Li Pingan , Ren Sicen , Yun Xu , Hu Xianluo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries are increasingly required to operate under harsh conditions, particularly at high temperatures above 55 °C. However, existing electrolytes suffer from inadequate thermal stability and significant interphasial side reactions. Moreover, there is a lack of clear guidelines for developing electrolytes that can withstand high temperatures. Here a solvent screening descriptor is introduced based on dual local softness and dielectric constant. The findings indicate that solvents with moderate dielectric constants and low reactivity are ideal candidates for high‐temperature electrolytes. Among the solvents evaluated, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is identified as a suitable option and is utilized to formulate a localized high‐concentration electrolyte (TEOS‐based LHCE). Remarkably, the 1‐Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1||graphite pouch cell utilizing this TEOS‐based LHCE demonstrates 95.8% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 60 °C. Interphasial analysis reveals that the TEOS‐based LHCE promotes the formation of thin, uniform LiF‐rich interphases, effectively suppressing interfacial side reactions at elevated temperatures. This screening strategy not only enhances the understanding of electrolyte performance but also paves the way for high‐throughput screening of electrolytes suitable for wide‐temperature lithium‐ion batteries.
Gender dynamics and aspirational disparities in agriculture
Authors: Villacis Alexis H. , Bruns Selina , Jr Tabe‐Ojong Martin Paul , Ortega David L. , Mishra Ashok K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite increasing scholarly attention to individual aspirations, rural women's aspirations in agriculture remain largely unexplored. With women increasingly central to agricultural work, understanding their aspirations is crucial. Using farm surveys from Ecuador, Kenya, and Rwanda, we investigate the relationship between gender and aspiration formation in agriculture. Similar to previous findings related to education and entrepreneurship, our findings show women have lower ambitions for agricultural production. Addressing the unique challenges they face, gender‐sensitive policies are vital for inclusive, sustainable agriculture. Our study contributes to a broader understanding of the multidimensional factors shaping agricultural outcomes, underscoring the importance of integrating diverse perspectives for effective policy formulation in agriculture.
Prognostic relevance of sarcopenia and tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Doi Shunsuke , Yasuda Satoshi , Miyashita Miu , Nagai Minako , Nakamura Kota , Matsuo Yasuko , Terai Taichi , Kohara Yuichiro , Sakata Takeshi , Sho Masayuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe relationship between sarcopenia, tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and long‐term survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of sarcopenia and TILs in patients with HCC.MethodsWe included 351 patients with HCC following liver resection. Sarcopenia was defined based on the skeletal muscle index using computed tomography. Tumor‐infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, perforin, and granzyme B were examined in liver resection specimens.ResultsSarcopenia patients had a significantly lower lymphocyte count (p = 0.003), prognostic nutritional index (p = 0.017), and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006, respectively). The overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates of sarcopenia patients were significantly lower than non‐sarcopenia patients (both p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that sarcopenia and low CD8 levels were strong independent poor prognostic factors for OS and RFS (both p < 0.001). Regardless of sarcopenia, patients with high CD8 levels had significantly better OS and RFS rates and increased expression of perforin and granzyme B. Particularly, sarcopenia patients with high CD8 levels had much better OS and RFS than those with low CD8 levels and were even comparable to non‐sarcopenia patients with high CD8 levels.ConclusionsSarcopenia and low CD8 levels are strong independent poor prognostic factors in patients with HCC. Furthermore, sarcopenia patients with high CD8 levels had favorable survival and activated local immunity, suggesting that tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells may play a functionally important role in sarcopenia patients.
Cu‐Catalyzed Oxidative Tandem Coupling and Cyclization of 2‐Aminonaphthalenes to Synthesize Dibenzo[c, g]carbazoles
Authors: Kong Minwoo , Ghosh Arnab , Park Myung Hwan , Kim Min , Kang Houng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA Cu(II) complex with a bipyridyl ligand bearing a Brønsted acid was used to catalyze the tandem oxidative coupling and cyclization of 2‐aminonaphthalenes to give N‐substituted‐dibenzo[c,g]carbazoles. The incorporation of an appended acidic moiety to the ligand was found to be key to the selective formation of dibenzocarbazoles over 2,2’‐diamino‐1,1’‐binaphthalene (BINAM), which is known as an irreversible byproduct. This highly efficient method yields a wide array of dibenzo[c,g]carbazoles featuring diverse functional groups as well as electronic properties. The selected dibenzo[c,g]carbazoles exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 100 % and are promising chromophores for advanced materials.
A Base Promoted [3+2] Cycloaddition of Benzothiazolium Salts with Isoindigos to Synthesis N, S‐polyheterocyclic 3, 3′ Bispirooxindoles
Authors: Li Chen‐Yi , Wang Yao , Hu Dan , Zhang Bin , Yin Heng , Li Yu‐Long 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA base promoted [3+2] cycloaddition of benzothiazolium salts with isoindigos has been developed, and a series of novel N, S‐polyheterocyclic 3, 3′ bispirooxindoles with four contiguous cycles and two spiro quaternary stereocenters have been successfully and effectively prepared in good to excellent yields (up to 99 %) under mild conditions.
Electromagnetic Manipulation Evolution from Stacked Meta‐Atoms to Spatially Cascaded Metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Ying Han , Pang Cheng , Wang Yuzhong , Qi Jiaran 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetasurfaces, known as planar two‐dimensional (2D) metamaterials, are proposed to overcome obstacles like high loss and bulky volume occurring with three‐dimensional (3D)metamaterials. Single‐layer structures face limited degrees of freedom, and cannot satisfy the growing functional demands for meta‐devices. To simplify the design process and gain more controllability, quasi‐2D structures are introduced into metasurfaces in the form of stacked meta‐atoms design or spatially cascaded metasurfaces. These configurations greatly expand the manipulation capability of metasurfaces and spawn a variety of functions and applications. In this review, the progress of metasurfaces with multi‐layer stacked meta‐atoms and spatially cascaded metasurfaces is presented. Progress is presented from metasurfaces with multi‐layer stacked meta‐atom configurations to spatially cascaded metasurfaces, focusing on the development of versatile applications for these quasi‐2D configurations. Special attentions are paid to the diffractive deep neural networks(D2NNs), and a category of recently developed cascaded metasurfaces introduces a brand‐new method into metasurface inverse designing as well as paves paths to all‐optical computing. Finally, the promising avenues for such metasurfaces are discussed.
A Piezocatalysis Strategy to Enable Efficient Redox in Solid‐State Battery
Authors: Kong De‐Chen , Zhu Qing‐Yao , Guan De‐Hui , Wang Xiao‐Xue , Liu Yun‐Ling , Wang Huan‐Feng , Xu Ji‐Jing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPiezocatalysis is considered to be a favorable catalytic technology by utilizing external mechanical stimulation to promote the specific redox reactions. The application of piezocatalysis in batteries is promising but faces formidable challenges. Herein, the operation principles of piezocatalysis were successfully demonstrated by constructing solid‐state Li−Se and Li−S battery models with interfacial stress accumulation. Lead zirconate titanate with an ultra‐high piezoelectric coefficient was applied as the piezoelectric catalyst. The uniformity of the dipole orientation in materials was essential for achieving piezocatalysis in batteries. The accumulated high‐stress converts to piezopotential for catalyzing most reaction processes in batteries, while the rapid stress change prevents the internal charge reorganization, ensuring continuous efficient catalysis. The internal stress change alters the internal polarisation strength, driving excess screening charge to participate in the electrochemical reaction. Under piezocatalysis, solid‐state Li−Se batteries exhibited a initial discharge capacity of 670.9 mAh g−1 (99.4 % of the theoretical value) at 0.1 C, and Li−S batteries showed a capacity of 1463 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, which was still maintained up to 1084 mAh g−1 at an elevated rate of 0.5 C. This piezocatalysis strategy provides a strong theoretical basis and design specification for enhancing Li−Se and Li−S battery reaction kinetics.
Enhanced nutritional profile of dehulled peas through fungal fermentation: Impacts on protein, starch, saponins, and total phenolic content
Authors: Massmann Camille M. , Berhow Mark , Gibbons William R. , Karki Bishnu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDehulled peas (DHP) are increasingly popular in food applications, but their integration in food products is limited due to high starch and fiber causing gelling and aggregation during cooking. Additionally, DHP contains saponins (secondary metabolite), contributing to bitter flavors, yet they also hold health benefits. We hypothesize that fungal fermentation could enhance DHP nutritional profile and integration into food products. This study evaluated the effects of six fungal organisms (Aspergillus niger [An], Aspergillus oryzae [Ao], Aureobasidium pullulans [Ap], Neurospora crassa [Nc], Rhizopus microspores var. oligosporus [Ro], Trichoderma reesei [Tr]) on DHP over 120 h of submerged fermentation, evaluating total phenolics, starch, saponins, crude proteins, and overall mass balance. Results from the study demonstrated notable changes post‐fermentation, including increased overall protein content and solubility, decreased starch content, reduced overall mass recovery, and elevated levels of total phenolics and saponins. Filamentous fungi exhibited a significant reduction in starch content, contributing to a substantial reduction in mass recovery (31%–60%) compared to the control. Unexpectedly, saponin concentrations increased (1.5 to 3 folds) during fermentation, possibly attributed to the breakdown of the substrate matrix and release of bound saponins. Total phenolic levels varied among microorganisms, with An and Nc demonstrating the highest increases (6 to 10 folds) as compared to the control. Overall, these findings point to fungal fermentation as a tool for adding value to yellow peas and other crops facing similar processing challenges. Further research is warranted to understand the health impacts and value of these enhancements.
Flame retardancy, thermal, and mechanical properties of flame retardant PA6/SGF and PPS/PA6/SGF composites
Authors: Yu Zhixing , Ye Yingchun , Zhang Yuhong , Jia Zhenlong , Lu Yiqing , Li Yingcheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlame retardant polyamide 6/short glass fiber (FR PA6/SGF) and polyphenylene sulfide/PA6/SGF (FR PPS/PA6/SGF) composites were prepared by melt extrusion blending using aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADPP) as flame retardant. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the flame retardant composites showed good thermal degradation with increasing ADPP loading. Flame retardancy mechanisms were studied by analyzing the residue chars. ADPP provided better flame inhibition, promoted formation of carbonaceous char, and improved thermal stability of PA6/SGF. Meanwhile, due to the self‐extinguishing performance of PPS, the flame retardancy of PPS/PA6/SGF was greatly affected by only 3.0 wt% of ADPP. With increasing ADPP content, both storage and loss moduli of FR PA6/SGF and FR PPS/PA6/SGF were increased accompanied with a slight increase of tan δ peak as compared to PA6/SGF and PPS/PA6/SGF, respectively. Besides, notched impact strengths of FR PA6/SGF‐10.0 and FR PPS/PA6/SGF‐10.0 increased by 69% and 5%, while tensile strengths decreased by approximately 5% and 32%, as compared to PA6/SGF and PPS/PA6/SGF, respectively. It demonstrates that ADPP and PPS components are efficient inorganic–organic hybrid flame retardant system. This provides a novel and innovative method for preparing halogen‐free flame retardant reinforced polyamide composites.