bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Primary Cleft Lip and Palate Repair: Is It Safe?
Authors: Kantar Rami S. , Rifkin William J. , Cammarata Michael J. , Maliha Samantha G. , Diaz-Siso J. Rodrigo , Farber Scott J. , Flores Roberto L. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Single-stage primary cleft lip and palate (PCLP) repair is controversial in the United States, and most patients are treated with a staged approach. In this study, early postoperative complications of the single-stage approach as compared to primary cleft lip (PCL) or primary cleft palate (PCP) alone were evaluated. This study represents the largest cohort of patients undergoing combined cleft lip and palate repair.

Methods:
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric database was used to identify patients undergoing single-stage PCLP, PCL, or PCP repairs. Preoperative factors and postoperative outcomes were compared between the 3 groups, as well as within the PCLP group between patients with and without complications. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results: A total of:
181 patients were included in the single-stage PCLP group, 1007 in the PCP group and 783 in the PCL group. There was no difference in the rates of early complications between the 3 groups. Within the PCLP group, cardiac risk factors (β = 35.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.88–75.21; P = 0.04) and complications (β = 77.31; 95% CI 35.82–118.79; P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for longer operative time.

Conclusion:
Analysis of a national database showed that single-stage PCLP repair is not associated with increased risk of early postoperative complications as compared to primary lip or palate repair alone. In-depth long-term analyses of craniofacial morphology, fistulae rate, speech, and dental outcomes are essential for a comprehensive assessment of the effects of combined cleft lip and palate repair.
A New Aortic Arch Inclusion Technique With Frozen Elephant Trunk for Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Liu Kexiang , Zhu Cuilin , Zheng Xiaomei , Wang Tiance , Xu Rihao , Zhu Zhicheng , Li Dan , Piao Hulin , Li Bo , Wang Yong , Zhang Shudong , Sun Weihong 
Published: December 2018

Objective:
Our aims were to describe a new surgical technique for the treatment of type A aortic dissection (TAAD) and to report the operative outcomes of 154 patients.

Summary Background Data:
Surgical treatment of TAAD is complicated and carries a high mortality risk. To lower this risk, we developed a simplified procedure in which a stent graft was implanted as frozen elephant trunk (FET), and the proximally trimmed vascular graft was sutured from the inside of the aortic arch using the inclusion technique under moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest and antegrade selective cerebral perfusion.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 154 cases of TAAD treated with our novel technique (93 men and 61 women, 52.5 ± 11.4 years). Computed tomography angiography was performed before discharge and at 6 months postoperatively.

Results:
In-hospital mortality rate was 5.19%, with paraplegia occurring in 2 patients (1.3%) and stroke in 6 (3.9%). The rate of closure of the aortic arch false lumen was 77.8%, with a 69.2% rate of descending thoracic aorta thrombosis at discharge. The survival rate was 91.1% at a mean follow-up of 21 ± 10 months, with rates of aortic arch false lumen closure of 92.4% and descending thoracic aorta thrombosis of 74.3% at 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:
The aortic arch inclusion technique with FET provides a safe alternative for TAAD treatment, with satisfactory operative results. Short-term follow-up results are encouraging, and long-term outcomes need further evaluation.
Triple Stimulation Technique in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Han , Cui Li-Ying 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
To identify upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction using the triple stimulation technique (TST) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods:
Fifty ALS and 42 non-ALS patients were examined clinically, using conventional transcranial magnetic stimulation and TST.

Results:
For ALS patients presenting with UMN in tested limb, the TST amplitude ratio was abnormal in 25 of 28 patients (89.3%). For ALS patients without UMN signs, 6 of 22 patients (27.3%) had an abnormal TST ratio. When clinical signs were not present, both abnormal resting motor threshold and TST indicated a UMN involvement. In non-ALS patients with central motor conduction disorders, the percentage of patients with an abnormal TST was higher for those presenting with clinical UMN signs (9/12, 75.0%) than for those without these signs (1/8, 12.5%).

Conclusions:
Triple stimulation technique appears to be an accurate, early measure for detecting clinical and subclinical UMN abnormalities in ALS. Triple stimulation technique could also be useful to investigate central motor conduction abnormalities in other disorders.
Targeting the CaVα-β interaction yields a selective antagonist of the N-type CaV2.2 channel with broad antinociceptive efficacy
Authors: Chefdeville Aude , Yu Jie , Yang Xiaofang , Moutal Aubin , Gokhale Vijay , Shuja Zunaira , Chew Lindsey A. , Bellampalli Shreya S. , Luo Shizhen , François-Moutal Liberty , Ha Taehwan , Perez-Miller Samantha , Park Ki Duk , Patwardhan Amol M. , Streicher John M. , Colecraft Henry M. , Khanna May , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInhibition of voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels is a potential therapy for many neurological diseases including chronic pain. Neuronal CaV1/CaV2 channels are composed of α, β and α2δ subunits. The β-subunits of CaV channels are cytoplasmic proteins that increase the surface expression of the pore-forming α subunit of CaV. We targeted the high-affinity protein-protein interface of CaVβ’s pocket within the CaVα-subunit. Structure-based virtual screening of 50,000 small molecule library docked to the β-subunit led to the identification of 2-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-N-((4-((3-phenylpropyl)amino)quinazolin-2-yl)methyl)acetamide (compound 45). This small molecule bound to CaVβ and inhibited its coupling with N-type voltage-gated calcium (CaV2.2) channels, leading to a reduction in CaV2.2 currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, decreased pre-synaptic localization of CaV2.2 in vivo, decreased frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic potentials (sEPSC), and inhibited release of the nociceptive neurotransmitter calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) from spinal cord. 45 was antinociceptive in naïve animals and reversed allodynia and hyperalgesia in models of acute (post-surgical) and neuropathic (spinal nerve ligation, chemotherapy- and gp120-induced peripheral neuropathy, and genome-edited neuropathy) pain. 45 did not cause akinesia or motor impairment, a common adverse effect of CaV2.2 targeting drugs, when injected into the brain. 45, a quinazoline analog, represents a novel class of CaV2.2-targeting compounds that may serve as probes to interrogate CaVα-β function and ultimately be developed as a non-opioid therapeutic for chronic pain.
Design and characterisation of mutant and wild-type huntingtin proteins produced from a toolkit of scalable eukaryotic expression systems
Authors: Harding Rachel J. , Loppnau Peter , Ackloo Suzanne , Lemak Alexander , Hutchinson Ashley , Hunt Brittany , Holehouse Alex S. , Ho Jolene C. , Fan Lixin , Toledo-Sherman Leticia , Seitova Alma , Arrowsmith Cheryl H. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe gene mutated in Huntington’s disease (HD) patients encodes the 348 kDa huntingtin (HTT) protein. The pathogenic HD CAG-expansion mutation causes a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract at the N-terminus of the HTT protein to expand above a critical threshold of ~35 glutamine residues. The effect of HD mutations on HTT is not well understood, in part due to difficulties in carrying out biochemical, biophysical and structural studies of this large protein. To facilitate such studies, we have generated expression constructs for the scalable production of HTT in multiple eukaryotic expression systems. Our set of HTT expression clones comprises both N and C-terminally FLAG-tagged HTT constructs with polyQ lengths representative of the general population, HD patients, juvenile HD patients as well as the more extreme polyQ expansions used in some HD tissue and animal models. These reagents yield milligram quantities of pure recombinant HTT protein, including many of the previously mapped posttranslational modifications. We have characterised both apo and HTT-HAP40 complex samples produced using this HD resource, demonstrating that this toolkit can be used to generate physiologically meaningful complexes of HTT. We demonstrate how these resources can produce sufficient material for protein-intensive experiments such as small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), providing biochemical insight into HTT protein structure. The work outlined in this manuscript and the tools generated, lay a foundation for further biochemical and structural work on the HTT protein and its functional interactions with other biomolecules.
Complex dietary-polysaccharide modulates gut immune function and microbiota, and promotes protection from autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Gudi Radhika , Perez Nicolas , Johnson Benjamin M. , Sofi M.Hanief , Brown Robert , Quan Songhua , Karumuthil-Melethil Subha , Vasu Chenthamarakshan 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTSince the dietary supplement and prebiotic value of β-glucan-rich products have been widely recognized and the dietary approaches for modulating autoimmunity have been increasingly explored, we assessed the impact of oral administration of high-pure yeast β-glucan (YBG) on gut immune function, microbiota and type 1 diabetes (T1D) using mouse models. Oral administration of this non-digestible complex polysaccharide caused a Dectin-1-dependent immune response involving increased expression of IL10, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (Raldh) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gut mucosa. YBG-exposed intestinal DCs induced/expanded primarily Foxp3+, IL10+ and IL17+ T cells, ex vivo. Importantly, prolonged oral administration of low-dose YBG at pre-diabetic stage suppressed insulitis and significantly delayed the T1D incidence in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Further, prolonged treatment with YBG showed increased Foxp3+ T cell frequencies, and a significant change in the gut microbiota, particularly an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes and a decrease in the Firmicute members. Oral administration of YBG, together with Raldh-substrate and β-cell antigen, resulted in a better protection of NOD mice from T1D. These observations suggest that YBG not only has a prebiotic property, but also has an oral tolerogenic-adjuvant-like effect, and these features could be exploited for modulating autoimmunity in T1D.
Dynamics of microRNA expression during mouse prenatal development
Authors: Rahmanian Sorena , Murad Rabi , Breschi Alessandra , Zeng Weihua , Mackiewicz Mark , Williams Brian , Davis Carrie , Roberts Brian , Meadows Sarah , Moore Dianna , Trout Diane , Zaleski Chris , Dobin Alex , Sei Lei-Hoon , Drenkow Jorg , Scavelli Alex , Gingeras Thomas , Wold Barbara , Myers Richard M. , Guigó Roderic , Mortazavi Ali 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The ENCODE project profiled the expression of miRNAs in a comprehensive set of tissues during a time-course of mouse embryonic development and captured the expression dynamics of 785 miRNAs. We found distinct tissue and developmental stage specific miRNA expression clusters, with an overall pattern of increasing tissue specific expression as development proceeds. Comparative analysis of conserved miRNAs in mouse and human revealed stronger clustering of expression patterns by tissue types rather than by species. An analysis of messenger RNA gene expression clusters compared with miRNA expression clusters identifies the potential role of specific miRNA expression clusters in suppressing the expression of mRNAs specific to other developmental programs in the tissue where these microRNAs are expressed during embryonic development. Our results provide the most comprehensive timecourse of miRNA expression as an integrated part of the ENCODE reference dataset for mouse embryonic development.
Genotype and dose-frequency determine acute and chronic effects of oxytocin on amygdala fear responses in humans: therapeutic implications
Authors: Kou Juan , Zhang Yingying , Zhou Feng , Sindermann Cornelia , Montag Christian , Becker Benjamin , Kendrick Keith M 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is considerable interest in therapeutic application of intranasal oxytocin in psychiatric disorders, but while clinical trials typically use daily dosing protocols it has not been established whether this is optimal or if there are moderating influences of oxytocin receptor genotype.MethodsIn a randomized, placebo-controlled pre-registered trial on 138 adult male subjects we investigated effects of single and repeated (24IU daily versus alternate days for 5 days) doses of oxytocin on two neural biomarkers (attenuated amygdala fear reactivity and increased intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity) and modulating effects of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms rs53576 and rs2254298 strongly associated with autism.ResultsFindings confirmed that after a single dose, amygdala responses to fear faces were reduced and its resting state connectivity with medial frontal cortex increased. Suppression of amygdala responses to fear faces was restricted to AA homozygotes of rs53576 and A+ carriers of rs2254298, whereas resting state effects were not genotype-dependent. Importantly, amygdala responses to fear faces were absent after daily oxytocin treatment but maintained after treatment every other day with infrequent dosing additionally resulting in reduced behavioral ratings of emotional arousal and intensity after 5 days. In contrast, oxytocin effects on intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal coupling were similar following daily or infrequent dose protocols after 5 days.ConclusionsOverall, results suggest that infrequent rather than daily doses of oxytocin may be more effective therapeutically and that its actions in reducing amygdala responses to fear are strongly genotype-dependent.The study was pre-registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03610919).
Investigation of corrosion inhibition of C38 steel in 5.5 M H3PO4solution usingZiziphus lotusoil extract: an application model
Authors: Belmaghraoui Walid , Mazkour Aimad , Harhar Hicham , Harir Mourad , El Hajjaji Souad 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the corrosion inhibition effect of extracted oil fromZiziphus lotusfruit on corrosion of C38 carbon steel in 5.5 M H3PO4solution using potentiodynamic polarization and impedance techniques.Design/methodology/approachOil composition was determined using gas chromatography, and the results showed that oleic and palmitic acids present approximately 84.0 per cent of its total chemical content. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were analyzed by adapting it to a well-developed electric circuit model. The inhibition efficiency ofZ. lotusoil was calculated and compared using Tafel polarization and EIS.FindingsAccordingly, the oil extract was found to act as an anodic type inhibitor. Furthermore, inhibition efficiency ofZ. lotusoil extract increase with oil concentrations and achieve approximately 70.5 per cent at 3 g/L solution ofZ. lotusoil.Originality/valueThe results obtained from different tested methods were in line, and the oil was able to reduce significantly the kinetics of the corrosion process of C38 carbon steel.
High-temperature oxidation of the dissimilar weld between AISI 304L and Fe-15.6Cr-8.5Mn using Ar and Ar-4%N2 shielding gas
Authors: Chandra-Ambhorn Somrerk , Chueaprakha Sompong , Siripongsakul Thamrongsin 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The dissimilar welds between AISI 304L and Fe-15.6Cr-8.5Mn were investigated on oxidation at 700°C with the effects of dissolved nitrogen in the welds. This paper aims to clarify the oxidation behaviors to expand the range of application for Fe-Cr-Mn stainless steel.

Design/methodology/approach
Dissimilar welds between AISI 304L and Fe-15.6Cr-8.5Mn were fabricated using gas tungsten arc welding to investigate the oxidation behavior of the welds at 700°C. Pure Ar and Ar-4%N2 shielding gases were used to evaluate the effects of nitrogen gas. The welds were introduced to the cyclic oxidation test. In each cycle, the furnace was heated up to 700°C, and the temperature was kept at 700°C for 8 h, then the mass gain because of oxidation was examined. The scales after oxidation test were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy with EDX and X-ray diffraction analysis.

Findings
Addition of 4 per cent nitrogen to Ar shielding gas reduced delta-ferrite content in the weld. Ar-4%N2 shielding gas resulted in dissolved nitrogen which helped increase the diffusivities of chromium or oxygen vacancies in the oxide to facilitate the chromia formation at the inner part near the steel substrate. This protective layer can help reduce the Fe outward diffusion, thus reducing mass gain because of iron oxide formation.

Originality/value
The oxidation behavior of dissimilar welds between AISI 304L and Fe-15.6Cr-8.5Mn were investigated at 700°C. The evaluation is beneficial for expanding the range of application of Fe-Cr-Mn stainless steel at high temperature.
Hybrid sol-gel coating incorporated with TiO2 nanosheets and anti-corrosive effects on AA2024-T3
Authors: Peng Dongdong , Huang Kang , He Yuntao , Zhang Zhan , Wang Yi , Wu Junsheng 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to improve the anti-corrosive properties of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 by coating of hybrid sol-gel coating incorporated with TiO2 nanosheets and to investigate the effect of nanosheets’ size on the improvement of corrosion-resistant performance.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of hybrid sol-gel films incorporated with varying amounts of TiO2 nanosheets were developed to enhance the corrosion protection performance of the bare metal. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate the structure and morphology of the coatings obtained. In addition, the corrosion-resistant properties of the coatings were evaluated using salt spray test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Findings
The corrosion current was as low as 9.55 × 10-4 µA/cm2 and optimal positive corrosion potential reached −0.6 V when the size and loading amount of TiO2 nanosheet were optimized, resulting in a remarkable improvement in anti-corrosive properties.

Originality/value
This work first investigates the effect of incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles on hybrid sol-gel coating on the improvement of anti-corrosive performance of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3.
Self-efficacy: core of employee success
Authors: Lyons Paul , Bandura Randall 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This viewpoint demonstrates the importance and significance of individual self-efficacy beliefs and perceptions with regard to performance and in relation to self-regulated learning. The concept of self-efficacy has been widely researched and reported mainly in academic journals. This viewpoint aims to clearly explain the concept and its formation, give some details of its relationship with performance and persistence in effort, and present some specific advice for managers and supervisors pertaining to guiding and assisting employees.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is built upon the following: a thorough review of the literature regarding the topic of self-efficacy, the practical experience of the authors in mentoring and supervising employees, and a desire to offer specific, helpful advice to managers/supervisors in enhancing and stimulating employee self-efficacy and personal learning.

Findings
The body of research across several domains, such as business, education (mostly pre-college), psychology, and athletics, clearly reveals that personal self-efficacy beliefs/perceptions can be highly motivational with regard to performance and improvement in learning tactics and strategies. This study finds that little attention has been given to advising managers/supervisors in assisting employees to enhance personal self-efficacy, hence the effort to provide direct advice.

Originality/value
There have been a few attempts to link self-efficacy with self-regulated learning. Both concepts are valuable when it comes to individual effectiveness in performance and in one’s personal growth; and this study highlights the coordination between the two. Originality and value are represented in the advice offered for managers/supervisors using the ordered, process steps of self-regulated learning as an organizing basis.
Understanding complexity of administrative reform
Authors: Hwang Kwangseon 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the complexity of administrative reform and its implications.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on an extensive review of the literature.FindingsThe most conspicuous fashion might be new public management (NPM) and its successor, post-NPM. However, recent reforms which involve complexity created the challenge of “rational calculation” in terms of an understanding of administrative reform. The authors observe that the measure of coordination in a response to fragmentation increases complexity and the rationale behind that reform is based on the instrumental rationality. This hinders real meaning of administrative reform, thereby failing to provide lessons for the future administration. Whether market-based reform or neo-Weberian model of reform, the thing should be considered is the condition under which the reform works.Originality/valueThis paper reaffirms the importance of the political-bureaucratic system which has multi-functional nature and competing institutional values when the different recipes for reform are imported into different context and a compatibility test by leaders.