bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different Evolutionary Trajectories of Two Insect-Specific Paralogous Proteins Involved in Stabilizing Muscle Myofibrils
Authors: González-Morales Nicanor , Marsh Thomas W , Katzemich Anja , Marescal Océane , Xiao Yu Shu , Schöck Frieder 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Alp/Enigma family members have a unique PDZ domain followed by zero to four LIM domains, and are essential for myofibril assembly across all species analyzed so far. Drosophila melanogaster has three Alp/Enigma family members, Zasp52, Zasp66, and Zasp67. Ortholog search and phylogenetic tree analysis suggest that Zasp genes have a common ancestor, and that Zasp66 and Zasp67 arose by duplication in insects. While Zasp66 has a conserved domain structure across orthologs, Zasp67 domains and lengths are highly variable. In flies, Zasp67 appears to be expressed only in indirect flight muscles, where it colocalizes with Zasp52 at Z-discs. We generated a CRISPR null mutant of Zasp67, which is viable but flightless. We can rescue all phenotypes by re-expressing a Zasp67 transgene at endogenous levels. Zasp67 mutants show extended and broken Z-discs in adult flies, indicating that the protein helps stabilize the highly regular myofibrils of indirect flight muscles. In contrast, a Zasp66 CRISPR null mutant has limited viability, but only mild indirect flight muscle defects illustrating the diverging evolutionary paths these two paralogous genes have taken since they arose by duplication.
Tolerance of DNA Replication Stress Is Promoted by Fumarate Through Modulation of Histone Demethylation and Enhancement of Replicative Intermediate Processing inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Saatchi Faeze , Kirchmaier Ann L 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGenome integrity is fundamental to viability and health and can be impacted by metabolic alterations that affect chromatin composition. Saatchi and Kirchmaier present evidence that loss of fumarase, an ortholog of the tumor suppressor...Fumarase is a well-characterized TCA cycle enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of fumarate to malate. In mammals, fumarase acts as a tumor suppressor, and loss-of-function mutations in the FH gene in hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer result in the accumulation of intracellular fumarate—an inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. Fumarase promotes DNA repair by nonhomologous end joining in mammalian cells through interaction with the histone variant H2A.Z, and inhibition of KDM2B, a H3 K36-specific histone demethylase. Here, we report that Saccharomyces cerevisiae fumarase, Fum1p, acts as a response factor during DNA replication stress, and fumarate enhances survival of yeast lacking Htz1p (H2A.Z in mammals). We observed that exposure to DNA replication stress led to upregulation as well as nuclear enrichment of Fum1p, and raising levels of fumarate in cells via deletion of FUM1 or addition of exogenous fumarate suppressed the sensitivity to DNA replication stress of htz1Δ mutants. This suppression was independent of modulating nucleotide pool levels. Rather, our results are consistent with fumarate conferring resistance to DNA replication stress in htz1Δ mutants by inhibiting the H3 K4-specific histone demethylase Jhd2p, and increasing H3 K4 methylation. Although the timing of checkpoint activation and deactivation remained largely unaffected by fumarate, sensors and mediators of the DNA replication checkpoint were required for fumarate-dependent resistance to replication stress in the htz1Δ mutants. Together, our findings imply metabolic enzymes and metabolites aid in processing replicative intermediates by affecting chromatin modification states, thereby promoting genome integrity.
Ecocentrismo e ética biocêntrica: a filiação filosófica dos direitos da natureza
Authors: Lourenço Daniel Braga , Oliveira Fábio Corrêa Souza de 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar a filiação filosófica dos denominados direitos da natureza. A questão central deste texto é saber se é procedente afirmar que a concepção da natureza enquanto titular de direitos significa rompimento com a ética Antropocêntrica e, entre as correntes da ética Ambiental, qual delas está alinhada com tal perspectiva. Apesar de ser comum a tese de que os direitos da natureza denotam uma posição biocêntrica, este artigo conclui que a posição filosófica que realmente identifica esta formulação é a da ética Ecocêntrica, o que não significa, a rigor, afastamento ou superação do antropocentrismo. investigam-se autores referenciais para a problemática, bem como a legislação constitucional do Equador e da Bolívia. indaga-se também a fundamentação que justificaria reconhecer direitos à natureza, mas não reconhecer direitos aos animais. A metodologia adotada implica análise da bibliografia basilar acerca do tema, que é basicamente de origem estrangeira: europeia, estadunidense e sul-americana. A importância do tema está no exame jusfilosófico da virada paradigmática proposta pela ética Ambiental, notadamente pela ética Animal. Atribuir direitos à natureza significa rever essencialmente os critérios tradicionalmente empregados pelo Direito para o reconhecimento de direitos subjetivos.
Hermenêutica e desconstrução: a conciliação de Paul Ricoeur e a aporia de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Coelho Carlos Cardozo 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo pretende apresentar a diferença entre a hermenêutica e a desconstrução e mostrar a implicação de cada uma destas formas de entender o fenômeno do sentido na relação da filosofia com as outras “disciplinas” do pensamento. Para isso colocaremos dois pensadores em embate direto, a saber, Jacques Derrida e Paul Ricoeur. Enquanto Paul Ricoeur, com seu projeto hermenêutico, tenta encontrar uma (re)conciliação entre os diversos saberes das ciências humanas com a metafísica, em uma época em que o estruturalismo e a psicanálise emergiam e questionavam conceitos como “consciência” e “sentido”, Jacques Derrida radicaliza esses movimentos de crítica que animavam as ciências humanas e tenta pensar para além dos conceitos tradicionais, propondo seus quaseconceitos e formulando sua gramatologia.
PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY AMONG GIRLS IN SULAIMANI: CAUSES AND ANTHROPOMETRIC FEATURES
Authors: Albassam Hayder , Tayib Tara , Hasan Adnan 
Published: May 2019

Background
Girls who reach puberty early can fail to reach their expected final height. In addition, they are prone to negative psychological behavior and there is an association with the future development of other negative health outcomes such as diabetes and heart disease.
Objectives
To determine the causes of female patients with precocious puberty and address some anthropometric features of the studied patients.
Patients and Methods
Data of 63 female patients who presented with signs and symptoms of puberty before the age of 8 years between the years 2012 and 2018 were collected and analyzed to find the percentages of certain etiologies and features and compare them to similar studies conducted in other countries.
Results
Central idiopathic precocious puberty (CIPP) was the major diagnosis for the cases and other causes were identified. Causes from the most prevalent to the least prevalent include premature adrenarche, premature thelarche, functional ovarian cysts, and brain tumors. The study also showed a significant relationship between the body weight represented by Body Mass Index (BMI) at the time of presentation and the incidence of central idiopathic PP. Moreover, patients with premature adrenarche also had significantly higher BMI than their peers with normal puberty timing. In addition, the mean height at the time of diagnosis of the PP patients, in general, was significantly higher than their peers with a normal onset of puberty. Furthermore, the heights of the patients with CIPP is significantly negatively correlated with the age at which symptoms of puberty appeared. Finally, the bone ages of girls with PP with the different etiologies were significantly higher than the chronological age.
Conclusion
Precocious puberty in girls is an important condition in Sulaimani and it has different etiologies. Central idiopathic precocious puberty is the most common etiology. Girls with PP tend to be significantly taller at the time of the diagnosis, have heavier weights and have more advanced bone ages than the normal population.
АНАЛИЗ ДЕФОРМАЦИЙ ПРОЖЕКТОРНОЙ МАЧТЫ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ НАЗЕМНОГО ЛАЗЕРНОГО СКАНИРОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДА КОНЕЧНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ
Authors: Епифанова Екатерина Александровна , Строкова Людмила Александровна 
Published: May 2019

Актуальность темы обусловлена необходимостью усовершенствования подходов к оценке и прогнозу деформаций высокомачтовых опор. Решение этой задачи сопряжено с многими неопределенностями, такими как недостаточность лабораторных исследований свойств материалов и полевых статических и динамических испытаний подобного рода сооружений, малочисленность аналитических исследований и мониторинговых данных. Представлены первоначальные результаты полевых исследований деформаций прожекторной мачты и численного анализа ее напряженно-деформированного состояния. Целью исследования является оценка напряженно-деформированного состояния грунтового основания сооружения и сравнение результатов численного моделирования с данными по деформациям объекта, полученными в ходе лазерного сканирования. Объект – напряженно-деформированное состояние грунтового основания прожекторной мачты на Ванкорском нефтяном месторождении. Методика. Исходными данными для моделирования поведения сооружения послужили данные рекогносцировочного обследования участка. Для характеристики напряженно-деформированного состояния сооружения использовался программный комплекс на базе МКЭ. Для оценки деформаций и построения точной трехмерной модели объекта использовалась технология лазерного сканирования. Сканирование объекта проводилось лазерным 3D сканером Leica Scanstation C10, планово-высотное обоснование и привязка пунктов обоснования к местной системе координат с использованием электронного тахеометра LEICA TS15 и GNSS приемника LEICA GS10, обработка массива точек проводилась в программном комплексе Leica Cyclone 8.0, трехмерное моделирование объекта было осуществлено в программном комплексе SolidWorks. Результаты. Оценено напряженно-деформированное состояние грунтового основания. Создана цифровая расчетная модель. Выполнено сравнение результатов моделирования с пространственно-координатным положением конструкций, установленным при лазерном сканировании. Оценен вклад грунтовых условий в деформации сооружения.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ СКВАЖИН С БОКОВЫМ СТВОЛОМ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ УНЬВИНСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ)
Authors: Щербаков Александр Анатольевич , Хижняк Григорий Петрович , Галкин Владислав Игнатьевич 
Published: May 2019

Актуальность. Многие месторождения Соликамской депрессии Пермского края характеризуются завершающей стадией разработки и имеют высокий коэффициент извлечения нефти, близкий к проектному, высокую обводненность добываемой продукции, ухудшение технико-экономических показателей добычи. Для выполнения проектных показателей на месторождениях применяются различные методы повышения нефтеотдачи. Анализ их применения показывает, что наибольший средний прирост начального дебита скважин по нефти достигается путем зарезки боковых стволов. При обосновании расположения бокового ствола в интервале продуктивного пласта одним из основных показателей дальнейшей эффективности работы скважины является начальный коэффициент продуктивности скважины по нефти. Цель: разработать методику прогнозирования коэффициента продуктивности по нефти скважин с боковым стволом с учетом геолого-технологических характеристик объекта. Объекты: бобриковские терригенные отложения Уньвинского месторождения Соликамской депрессии. Методы: корреляционный и регрессионный анализ, основанный на данных геофизических и гидродинамических исследований скважин, значениях фильтрационно-емкостных свойств пласта, физико-химических свойств нефти, а также геолого-технологических показателях. Результаты. Разработанная методика позволяет оценивать значения коэффициента продуктивности по нефти скважин с боковым стволом на основе результатов геофизических и гидродинамических исследований скважин, значений фильтрационно-емкостных свойств пласта, физико-химических свойств нефти, а также геолого-технологических показателей с помощью пошагового регрессионного анализа и разделения исходных данных значений коэффициента продуктивности по нефти на классы на основе его зависимости от коэффициента детерминации. Установлено, что при значениях Кпрод.н≥10 основное влияние на коэффициент продуктивности по нефти скважин с боковыми стволами оказывают технологические показатели – зенитный угол α бокового ствола в интервале продуктивного пласта и длина Lст ствола скважины в пласте, что говорит о возможности регулирования процесса довыработки запасов нефти изменением этих параметров.
Energy, Environment, and Social Development: Circular Economy: A Sustainability Innovation and Solution for Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Industries
Authors: Alnuaim Sami 
Published: May 2019

President's column
There is no doubt that the world today consumes materials in all domains more than needed, possibly double or even triple what it needs. As a result, part of our world’s natural resources end up polluting the land and sea with a growing trail of waste. Sustainability requires being more efficient—conserving, recycling, and reusing to minimize the impact of everything we do. The developed world must no longer tolerate the buildup of mountains of waste while other places in the world, especially in underdeveloped countries, lack access to energy, food, clean water, and clean air.
The world’s population is projected to increase to 9 billion by 2040, adding 1.7 billion people in 20 years (85 million every year). Sustaining current levels of consumption while population grows that fast will be challenging. Most of the population growth will be in underdeveloped countries, with almost half in Africa, a continent with the highest levels of energy poverty and the lowest economic growth. In 2017, the population of Africa was roughly equivalent to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development’s designated developed countries (each about 17% of the world’s population), but in terms of gross domestic product, the developed countries accounted for 63% of the world, and Africa only 3%. As these countries grow and develop, they will be challenged to overcome the vast disparity and bring energy to their expanding population.
As the oil and gas industry works to make our operations more sustainable, we can adopt the mindset of a “circular economy.” The circular economy is an alternative to the traditional linear economy (i.e., make, use, and dispose) in which we keep resources in use for as long as possible, extract the maximum value from them while in use, then recover and regenerate products and materials at the end of each product service life. The circular economy keeps goods in use as long as possible through recycling and reuse, thereby decreasing the need for raw materials. This, in turn, reduces carbon intensity and our carbon footprint.
Recycling used materials and plastics instead of disposing or burning them as waste is one important way to make better use of valuable resources, and create a new economy through new business opportunities. There are opportunities throughout our value chain from upstream to downstream to deploy new models of energy conservation. We are already making significant progress in recycling and reusing produced and flowback water. But where else can we reuse the fluids, materials, and equipment that go into supplying the world with oil and natural gas? Can we reach a certain target (%) for incorporating circular economy concepts across our industry? I believe that there are numerous opportunities for which a positive business case exists.
Shale EOR Delivers, So Why Won’t the Sector Go Big?
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: May 2019

The oil is there. The gas is nearby. The process is proven.
But is there an appetite to put it all together and redefine what it means to be a shale producer? This is the key question looming over the future of enhanced oil recovery for tight shale reservoirs, or simply shale EOR.
To answer it, unconventional oil producers are trying to weigh the options from what amounts to a complicated pros-and-cons list.
Developing a shale EOR program may mean drawing resources away from new exploration projects that have quicker returns, the same conundrum that has stymied the US refracturing market. On the other hand, shale EOR boasts impressive economics for companies willing to reinvest in land and wells already paid for.
This financial tug-of-war has been playing out in the shale sector since the spring of 2016. That was when Houston-based EOG Resources let it be known that its shale EOR program was boosting production from vintage horizontal wells in its Eagle Ford Shale asset in south Texas.
News of the development quickly made the operator synonymous with shale EOR. It is now widely understood that all of these projects rely on the huff-and-puff injection process using natural gas as the special agent that can unlock those additional barrels. Other key details are coming to light as well—such as the expanding scope of success.
In a recent quarterly earnings statement, EOG said it continues to see “strong results” from around 150 EOR wells, more than a third of which were converted in 2018. Analysts and engineering consultants have found about 100 other wells in the Eagle Ford that several other operators have converted into huff-and-puff injectors.
“It’s kind of incredible to see the data,” said John Watson, the senior research analyst who put together a report late last year that highlighted production details of shale EOR projects. After physically combing through filings at the Texas Railroad Commission (since they are not available to download), he found dozens of pad wells that saw a combined 10-fold rise in production above their trough.
Among the standouts, a group of 11 wells that reached a combined peak production rate in December 2011 of about 90,000 bbl a month. By August 2017, these wells were pumping out only 5,000 bbl. After gas injections began, the group produced 40,000 bbl a month—an average increase from about 15 B/D to 117 B/D per well.
Another case involved 14 wells that peaked at 330,000 bbl a month in 2013, then dropped to 10,000 bbl. Post injection, output increased to 170,000 bbl a month.
Watson’s report covers more than two dozen other shale EOR projects, though most lacked production results, revealing only project cost estimates. As opaque as the shale EOR effort has been thus far—at least outside of academic research—operators have shared these eye-openers for one simple reason: they have to. That is, if they want to receive the tax credits eligible for all EOR projects.
Technology Focus: Deepwater Fields (May 2019)
Authors: Iversen Morten 
Published: May 2019

Technology Focus
Deepwater capital expenditure has nose-dived since the oil-price crash of 2014 and has not quite recovered because of the high level of breakeven prices required, but some oil companies maintained their interest in the sector and went ahead with big-ticket projects anyway. Most believe the sector has bottomed out.
Brazil’s presalt region is among the areas driving deepwater oil and gas development, while others struggle with costs and technical complexity. So, in a low-oil-price environment, are such deepwater projects viable?
The major players in the deepwater market have made significant efforts to minimize costs and increase efficiency, thus shaping 2019 capital budgets.
That means activity levels in 2019 likely will mimic those of 2017–18, with perhaps some small gains from small operators taking advantages and looking for opportunities in the current low-cost environment.
However, the situation is darkened by global market pessimism. Adding to this, operator project-execution decisions have been delayed and lack of commitment and direction has caused operators to delay deepwater projects and leave the pipeline of future work empty.
Even if operators do make decisions in late 2019 to go forward with these projects, the projects are unlikely to commence until late 2020 or even 2021.
Royal Dutch Shell is considering only the Gulf of Mexico in their strategic deepwater development going forward to 2020 and beyond, and, despite low oil prices, Shell is advancing its Kaikias, Appomattox, and Coulomb Phase 2 projects in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico, reducing break-even costs and cycle times.
Through the forecast period, Africa and the Americas will continue to lead the deepwater market, accounting for 79% of forecast expenditure.
Floating production, storage, and offloading vessels will continue to dominate the floating production and storage (FPS) market, with a total of 33 deepwater units (out of 41 FPS units in total) expected to be installed during the 2018–22 period, representing 78% of FPS expenditure.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
OTC 28872 Changing Landscape of Deepwater-Field Developments by Marcel M. Landwehr, Subsea 7, et al.
OTC 29043 The Giant Lula Field: World’s Largest Oil Production in Ultradeep Water Under a Fast-Track Development by Marcelo Becher Rosa, Petrobras, et al.
SPE 191960 Early-Stage Detection of Scales in a Deepwater Field Offshore Ghana Through Remote Monitoring of Multiphase Meter by Mahdi Darab, OneSubsea, et al.