bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red panda fine‐scale habitat selection along a Central Himalayan longitudinal gradient
Authors: Bista Damber , Paudel Prakash Kumar , Jnawali Shant Raj , Sherpa Ang Phuri , Shrestha Saroj , Acharya Krishna Prasad 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRed panda Ailurus fulgens, an endangered habitat specialist, inhabits a narrow distribution range in bamboo abundance forests along mountain slopes in the Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains. However, their habitat use may be different in places with different longitudinal environmental gradients, climatic regimes, and microclimate. This study aimed to determine the habitat variables affecting red panda distribution across different longitudinal gradients through a multivariate analysis. We studied habitat selection patterns along the longitudinal gradient in Nepal's Himalaya which is grouped into the eastern, central, and western complexes. We collected data on red panda presence and habitat variables (e.g., tree richness, canopy cover, bamboo abundance, water availability, tree diameter, tree height) by surveys along transects throughout the species’ potential range. We used a multimodal inference approach with a generalized linear model to test the relative importance of environmental variables. Although the study showed that bamboo abundance had a major influence, habitat selection was different across longitudinal zones. Both canopy cover and species richness were unimportant in eastern Nepal, but their influence increased progressively toward the west. Conversely, tree height showed a decreasing influence on habitat selection from Eastern to Western Nepal. Red panda's habitat selection revealed in this study corresponds to the uneven distribution of vegetation assemblages and the dry climatic gradient along the eastern‐western Himalayas which could be related to a need to conserve energy and thermoregulate. This study has further highlighted the need of importance of bamboo conservation and site‐specific conservation planning to ensure long‐term red panda conservation.
Responses of species abundance distribution patterns to spatial scaling in subtropical secondary forests
Authors: Wu Anchi , Deng Xiangwen , He Honglin , Ren Xiaoli , Jing Yiran , Xiang Wenhua , Ouyang Shuai , Yan Wende , Fang Xi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo quantify and assess the processes underlying community assembly and driving tree species abundance distributions(SADs) with spatial scale variation in two typical subtropical secondary forests in Dashanchong state‐owned forest farm, two 1‐ha permanent study plots (100‐m × 100‐m) were established. We selected four diversity indices including species richness, Shannon–Wiener, Simpson and Pielou, and relative importance values to quantify community assembly and biodiversity. Empirical cumulative distribution and species accumulation curves were utilized to describe the SADs of two forests communities trees. Three types of models, including statistic model (lognormal and logseries model), niche model (broken‐stick, niche preemption, and Zipf‐Mandelbrodt model), and neutral theory model, were estimated by the fitted SADs. Simulation effects were tested by Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Results found that the Fagaceae and Anacardiaceae families were their respective dominance family in the evergreen broad‐leaved and deciduous mixed communities. According to original data and random sampling predictions, the SADs were hump‐shaped for intermediate abundance classes, peaking between 8 and 32 in the evergreen broad‐leaved community, but this maximum increased with size of total sampled area size in the deciduous mixed community. All niche models could only explain SADs patterns at smaller spatial scales. However, both the neutral theory and purely statistical models were suitable for explaining the SADs for secondary forest communities when the sampling plot exceeded 40 m. The results showed the SADs indicated a clear directional trend toward convergence and similar predominating ecological processes in two typical subtropical secondary forests. The neutral process gradually replaced the niche process in importance and become the main mechanism for determining SADs of forest trees as the sampling scale expanded. Thus, we can preliminarily conclude that neutral processes had a major effect on biodiversity patterns in these two subtropical secondary forests but exclude possible contributions of other processes.
Identifying occupancy model inadequacies: can residuals separately assess detection and presence?
Authors: Wright Wilson J. , Irvine Kathryn M. , Higgs Megan D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOccupancy models are widely applied to estimate species distributions, but few methods exist for model checking. Thorough model assessments can uncover inadequacies and allow for deeper ecological insight by exploring structure in the observed data not accounted for by a model. We introduce occupancy model residual definitions that utilize the posterior distribution of the partially latent occupancy states. Residual‐based assessments are valuable because they can target specific assumptions and identify ways to improve a model, such as adding spatial correlation or meaningful covariates. Our approach defines separate residuals for occupancy and detection, and we use simulation to examine whether missing structure for modeling detection probabilities can be distinguished from that for occupancy probabilities. In many scenarios, our residual diagnostics were able to separate inadequacies at the different model levels successfully, but we describe other situations when this may not be the case. Applying Moran's I residual diagnostics to assess models for silver‐haired (Lasionycteris noctivagans) and little brown (Myotis lucifugus) bats only provided evidence of residual spatial correlation among detections. Targeting specific model assumptions using carefully chosen residual diagnostics is valuable for any analysis, and we remove previous barriers for occupancy analyses—lack of examples and practical advice.
Biotic homogenization within and across eight widely distributed grasslands following invasion by Bromus inermis
Authors: Stotz Gisela C. , Gianoli Ernesto , Cahill James F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvasive species can alter the structure and function of the communities they invade, as well as lead to biotic homogenization across their invasive range, thus affecting large‐scale diversity patterns. The mechanisms by which invasive species can lead to biotic homogenization are poorly understood. We argue that invasive species acting as strong, deterministic, and consistent filters within and across invaded communities are likely to cause biotic homogenization at multiple spatial scales. We studied Bromus inermis Leyss. invasion into eight grasslands covering most of the grassland and parkland natural regions of Alberta (western Canada). Specifically, we tested whether B. inermis (1) has a strong impact on species richness and composition, (2) consistently alters resources (nutrients, light, and soil moisture), imposing the same ecological filter to species establishment and persistence across sites, and hence (3) whether it leads to biotic homogenization within and across sites. We recorded plant cover and resources across native‐to‐invaded transition areas combining space‐for‐time substitutions with time‐series data analyses. Bromus inermis invasion was associated with rapid biotic homogenization of communities, within and among the eight grasslands. The sharp changes in species relative abundances following invasion was the initial driver of biotic homogenization, and species loss was delayed. Supporting the idea that biotic homogenization can occur when an invasive species presents a broad and consistent filter, resources modified by B. inermis invasion (particularly light and certain nutrients) were altered rather consistently within and across sites. The 50% reduction in light was likely the initial driver of biotic homogenization, and the increase in nutrient availability probably facilitates the displacement of species from the invaded areas and could lead to the establishment of self‐reinforcing dynamics. Overall, our results support the idea that invaders acting as strong, deterministic, and consistent ecological filters are likely to cause biotic homogenization of the communities they invade.
The transport of aggregates associated with soil organic carbon under the rain‐induced overland flow on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Liu Lin , Li Zhongwu , Xiao Haibing , Wang Bing , Nie Xiaodong , Liu Chun , Ni Lingshan , Wang Danyang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOrganic carbon (OC) is easily enriched in sediment particles of different sizes due to aggregate breakdown and selective transport for sheet erosion. However, the transport of aggregate‐associated OC has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this issue, 27 simulated rainfall experiments were conducted in a 1 m × 0.35 m box on slope gradients of 15°, 10°, and 15°and under three rainfall intensities of 45 mm h−1, 90 mm h−1 and 120 mm h−1. The results showed that OC was obviously enriched in sediment particles of different sizes under sheet erosion. The soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations of each aggregate size class in sediments were different from those in the original soil, especially when the rainfall intensity or slope was sufficiently low, such as 45 mm h–1 or 5°, respectively. Under a slope of 5°, the SOC enrichment ratios (ERocs) of small macroaggregates and microaggregates were high but decreased over time. As rainfall intensity increased, OC became enriched in increasingly fine sediment particles. Under a rainfall intensity of 45 mm h–1, the ERocs of the different aggregate size classes were always high throughout the entire erosion process. Under a rainfall intensity of > 45 mm h–1 and slope of > 5°, the ERocs of the different aggregate size classes were close to 1.0, especially those of clay and silt. Therefore, the high ERocs in sediments resulted from the first transport of effective clay. Among total SOC loss, the proportion of OC loss caused by the transport of microaggregates and silt plus clay‐sized particles was greater than 50%. We also found that low stream power and low water depth were two requirements for the high ERocs in aggregates. Stream power was closely related to sediment particle distribution. Flow velocity was significantly and positively related to the percentage of OC‐enriched macroaggregates in the sediments (P > 0.01). Our study will provide important information for understanding the fate of SOC and building physical‐based SOC transport models. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dietary essential oil from navel orange alleviates depression in reserpine‐treated mice by monoamine neurotransmitters
Authors: Zhang Lu‐Lu , Yang Zi‐Yu , Ren Jing‐Nan , Fan Gang , Pan Si‐Yi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study was intended to examine the effects of navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) essential oil (OEO) on depression in the reserpine‐treated mice. And the chemical composition of OEO was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. The results indicated that the major compounds of OEO were terpenes. And OEO treatment produced an antidepressant‐like effect in mice, as indicated by the increased locomotor activity in the open field test (OFT) and attenuated dyslipidemia, but it had no effect on duration of immobility in the forced swim test (FST). Dietary OEO counteracted the reserpine‐induced hypothermia and palpebral ptosis. Moreover, OEO treatment increased the levels of serotonin (5‐HT) and dopamine (DA) in the mice brain. These antidepressant‐like effects of OEO are essentially similar to the effects of the antidepressant fluoxetine. And the action of OEO may be mediated by the central serotonergic and dopaminergic systems.
Powering Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Syngas Using La0.4Sr0.5Ba0.1TiO3 Anode Infitrated with Nano‐composite
Authors: Zeng Y. , Li K. , Gao T. , Yan N. , Luo J.‐L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLa0.4Sr0.5Ba0.1TiO3 (LSBT) is a promising anode candidate with perovskite structure, due to its excellent chemical stability even in sour hydrocarbons. Infiltrating nano‐composite catalysts into the perovskite substrate can further enhance the electrochemical activity without undermining the robustness of the anode in light hydrocarbon fuels. This paper focuses on developing a new LSBT anode with enhanced catalytic performance and chemical stability in syngas and hydrogen fuel by infiltrating the substrate with Cu+Co and CeO2+Cu+Co nano‐composite catalysts. It was found that CeO2+Cu+Co significantly improved the chemical and thermal stabilities of the anode. However, an excess of infiltration reduced the active sites. The SOFC cell with the LSBT anode, which was infiltrated with 9.0 wt.% CeO2 + 3.6 wt.% Cu + 5.4 wt.% Co, exhibited much improved electrochemical performance in syngas environments.
Long‐term weather, streamflow, and water chemistry datasets for hydrological modelling applications at the upper La Salle River watershed in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Cordeiro Marcos R. C. , Vanrobaeys Jason A. , Wilson Henry F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLong‐term weather (1990–2013), streamflow (1990–2013; excluding 7 years with no or poor data), and water chemistry (2009–2013) datasets for hydrological modelling applications were developed using simple methods for the upper La Salle River watershed, in Canada, to address the lack of such datasets in the northern Red River Basin. Weather variables consist of temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and precipitation disaggregated to an hourly time‐step. The only hydrometric variable included in the dataset is stream discharge in a daily time‐step. Water chemistry data consisted of total nitrogen (TN), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total phosphorus (TP), and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP). Samples were collected weekly during the open water season at the same site as the hydrometric gauging station from August 2009 to October 2012 with some gaps (i.e. Fall 2011, Spring 2012, September 2012). In 2013 the sampling frequency was increased to daily or sub‐daily during high stream discharge and weekly during low stream discharge. A data overview indicates values within ranges reported for the area. Mean annual, winter, and summer temperatures were 3.5, −10.7, and 17.2°C, respectively. Annual relative humidity averaged 73.1% but was higher and more homogenous in cold seasons. Wind speed was similar over the year with annual average of 4.3 m/s. Solar radiation followed the typical curve reported for western Canada, with peak daily average values around 250 W/m2 in July. Precipitation records were mostly comprised of dry hours with 75.3% of the events being equal or less than 2 mm/h. Stream discharge was typical of the Canadian Prairies; the average peak discharge over the entire period was larger in April (2.3 m3/s) due to large amounts of snowmelt runoff. Average concentrations of TN, TDN, TP, and TDP of 1.54, 1.35, 0.56, and 0.49 mg/L, respectively, were in agreement with values found in previous studies at the site.Open Practices

This article has earned an Open Data badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.23684/odi-2017-00957. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Deliberate self‐harm in older adults: A national analysis of US emergency department visits and follow‐up care
Authors: Schmutte Timothy , Olfson Mark , Xie Ming , Marcus Steven C. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo examine mental health care received by older adults following emergency department (ED) visits for deliberate self‐harm.MethodsThis retrospective cohort analysis examined 2015 Medicare claims for adults ≥65 years of age with ED visits for deliberate self‐harm (N = 16 495). We estimated adjusted risk ratios (ARR) for discharge disposition, ED coding of mental disorder, and 30‐day follow‐up mental health outpatient care.ResultsMost patients (76.9%) were hospitalized with lower likelihoods observed for African American patients (ARR = 0.86, 99% CI = 0.79‐0.94) and patients with either one medical comorbidity (ARR = 0.91, 99% CI = 0.83‐0.99) or two to three comorbidities (ARR = 0.93, 99% CI = 0.88‐0.99). Hospitalization was associated with recent depression (ARR = 1.09, 99% CI = 1.03‐1.16) and recent psychiatric inpatient care (ARR = 1.13, 99% CI = 1.04‐1.22). Among patients discharged to the community (n = 3818), 56.4% received an ED mental disorder diagnosis. Predictors of an ED mental disorder diagnosis included younger age (65‐69 years; ARR = 1.53, 99% CI = 1.31‐1.78), recent mental health care in ED (ARR = 1.50, 99% CI = 1.29‐1.74) or outpatient (ARR = 1.62, 99% CI = 1.44‐1.82) settings, recent diagnosis of mental disorder (ARR = 1.61, 99% CI = 1.43‐1.80), and other/unknown lethality methods of self‐harm (ARR = 1.24, 99% CI = 1.01‐1.52). Among community discharged patients, 39.0% received 30‐day follow‐up outpatient mental health care, which was most strongly predicted by an ED diagnosis of mental disorder (ARR = 2.65, 99% CI = 2.25‐3.12) and prior outpatient mental health care (ARR = 2.62, 99% CI = 2.28‐3.00).ConclusionMost older adult Medicare beneficiaries who present to EDs with self‐harm are hospitalized. Of those who are discharged to the community, many are not diagnosed with mental disorder in the ED or receive timely follow‐up mental health care.
Adenomatous polyposis coli as a predictor of environmental chemical‐induced transgenerational effects related to male infertility
Authors: Yuan Beilei , Wu Wei , Zhang Huazhong , Gu Hao , Guo Dan , Jiang Juncheng , Wang Xinru 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExposure to toxic environmental chemicals during pregnancy is a ubiquitous threat to health with potentially transgenerational consequences. However, the underlying mechanism of how transgenerational effects occur as part of environmental chemical exposure are not well understood. We investigated the potential molecular changes associated with dibutyl phthalate exposure that induced transgenerational effects, using a rat model. Through the analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found some similar studies of environmental exposure induced transgenerational effects. Then, we analyzed one of the studies and our results to identify the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. This gene participated the most of the pathways and was upregulated in both studies. We used the miRWALK data set to predict the microRNAs which targeted the APC gene. We confirmed the miR‐30 family were significantly downregulated in F3 testis tissues and targeted the APC gene. In conclusion, the miR‐30 family/APC interaction is a potential mechanism for the transgenerational effects induced by the environmental chemical.
Involvement of NEAT1/miR‐133a axis in promoting cervical cancer progression via targeting SOX4
Authors: Yuan Li‐Yun , Zhou Min , Lv Huabing , Qin Xiaomin , Zhou Jinting , Mao Xiaogang , Li Xianxian , Xu Ying , Liu Yun , Xing Hui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNEAT1 is an important tumor oncogenic gene in various tumors. Nevertheless, its involvement remains poorly studied in cervical cancer. Our study explored the functional mechanism of NEAT1 in cervical cancer. NEAT1 level in several cervical cancer cells was quantified and we found NEAT1 was greatly upregulated in vitro. NEAT1 knockdown inhibited cervical cancer development through repressing cell proliferation, colony formation, capacity of migration, and invasion and also inducing the apoptosis. For another, microRNA (miR)‐133a was downregulated in cervical cancer cells and NEAT1 negatively modulated miR‐133a expression. Subsequently, we validated that miR‐133a functioned as a potential target of NEAT1. Meanwhile, SOX4 is abnormally expressed in various cancers. SOX4 was able to act as a downstream target of miR‐133a and silencing of SOX4 can restrain cervical cancer progression. In addition, in vivo assays were conducted to prove the role of NEAT1/miR‐133a/SOX4 axis in cervical cancer. These findings implied that NEAT1 served as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge miR‐133a and regulate SOX4 in cervical cancer pathogenesis. To sum up, it was implied that NEAT1/miR‐133a/SOX4 axis was involved in cervical cancer development.
Process simulation and optimization of oxygen enriched combustion using thin polymeric membranes: effect of thickness and temperature dependent physical aging
Authors: Lock Serene Sow Mun , Lau Kok Keong , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Yeong Yin Fong , Ban Zhen Hong , Tay Wee Horng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDLimited work has been available to model thickness and temperature dependent physical aging encountered in polymeric membranes for gas separation to provide physically intuitive interpretation underlying the process. The Tait equation of states has been integrated within conventional dual mode mathematical model to characterize the physical aging mechanism, whereby the model requires merely temperature dependent parameters. Subsequently, the Tait‐dual mode mechanism model has been incorporated within a succession of states methodology that quantifies transport mechanism in a countercurrent hollow fiber membrane. Finally, the developed mathematical model has been implemented in Aspen HYSYS to constitute an oxygen enrichment plant.RESULTSThe simulation model has been validated with experimental observation with an acceptable error of < 6.5%. The process simulation tool has been used to evaluate the separation performance of oxygen enrichment plant using polymeric membrane with consideration of operating temperature (35–55 °C) and thickness dependent (400–1000 nm) physical aging. It is found that the optimal membrane design that generates highest profitability with physical aging consideration is at film thickness of ∼400 nm and operating temperature of 55 °C. Under such operating condition, the deviation between ideal and non‐ideal simulation model is also the smallest at ∼6%, which implies that physical aging has the least impact to the operability of the plant.CONCLUSIONThe developed simulation model has the potential to be applied for complex membrane system design (multiple membranes or hybrid system), scale up and optimization study that is essentially required for industrial scale application. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry