bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Publication rate of podium presentations from the orthopaedic research society annual meeting
Authors: Hollenberg Alex M. , Bernstein David N. , Beltejar Michael‐John , Terry Treyc , Mesfin Addisu 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTAnnual scientific meetings serve as a forum for dissemination of new research findings. Presentations should be of high scientific quality as they have the potential to impact future research projects and current clinical practice. The publication rate of podium presentations at an annual meeting can be used to assess the quality of the research presented. The purpose of this study was to determine the publication rate of podium presentations at the Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS) annual meeting. All podium presentations from the 2012 to 2014 annual ORS meetings were identified. Abstracts were categorized into an orthopaedic topic. A PubMed search was performed to determine if an abstract reached publication in a peer‐reviewed journal. The publication rate was determined for each year. Of the 1063 podium presentations identified, 640 (60.2%) reached publication in a peer‐reviewed journal. No significant differences were observed in the publication rate between the orthopaedic topics (p = 0.3414). The majority (75.9%) of published abstracts reached publication within 2 years of presentation and the average time to publication was 17.0 months. Abstracts were published in 151 different journals with an average impact factor of 4.46. Time to publication varied significantly by journal (p = 0.025). Journal of Orthopaedic Research, Journal of Biomechanics, PLoS ONE, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, and Bone were the most common publication journals. This study provides insight into the quality of podium presentations at the ORS annual meeting. The ORS annual meeting compares favorably to other orthopaedic surgery meetings. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:288–292, 2019.
How Does the Surface Activity of Soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.) Extracts Depend on the Plant Organ?
Authors: Góral Ilona , Jurek Ilona , Wojciechowski Kamil 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSoapwort (Saponaria officinalis, L) extracts from different plant organs (roots/rhizomes, stems, leaves, and flowers/fruits) were tested because of their ability to lower surface tension at the water/air interface and because of their foaming ability. In addition, surface dilational rheology of the adsorbed layers was assessed. The plant material was collected from May to October 2016 to enable analysis of temporal changes in surface activity of the extracts throughout the same vegetation period. Each organ sample at the given development stage was extracted both fresh (immediately after collecting) and after air drying, to compare the effect of postharvest treatment on surface activity of the extracts. The results show that the latter depends strongly on the development stage, the plant organ, and even the postharvest treatment. During the plant lifecycle, the surface activity of extracts from individual organs varies, probably following the saponin content alterations related to their production and storage for the next season.
Application of sodium silicate retards apple softening by suppressing the activity of enzymes related to cell wall degradation
Authors: Ge Yonghong , Duan Bin , Li Canying , Wei Meilin , Chen Yanru , Li Xue , Tang Qi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDDuring the storage of apples, apple softening is one of the main problems. Sodium silicate has been used to enhance disease resistance and maintain quality of fruits. In the present study, apple fruit (cv. Golden delicious) were treated with 100 mmol L–1 sodium silicate for 10 min and stored at 20 °C to investigate its effects on weight loss, flesh firmness, and the activity of cell wall‐degrading enzymes.RESULTSThe results indicated that 100 mmol L–1 of sodium silicate treatment delayed the increase of weight loss and decrease of the flesh firmness in apples. Sodium silicate treatment also suppressed the activity of polygalacturonic acid transeliminase and pectin methyltranseliminase, pectin methylgalacturonase, polygalacturonase, cellulase and β‐galactosidase in the fruit.CONCLUSIONSDelaying apple softening by sodium silicate treatment is closely related to the inhibition of the activity of cell wall‐degrading enzymes and weight loss. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The Growth‐Inhibiting Effects of Beef Fatty Acids on MCF‐7 Cells Are Influenced Mostly by the Depot Location and Inconsistently by the Biohydrogenation Intermediate Content
Authors: Vahmani Payam , Rolland David C. , Gzyl Katherine E. , Baines Danica D. S. , Dugan Michael E. R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBiohydrogenation intermediates (BHI) including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers are formed during ruminal biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in ruminants. Although many studies have examined the anticarcinogenic effects of CLA, few studies have reported the anticarcinogenic properties of BHI in their natural form found in dairy and beef fats. The present study compared the growth‐inhibitory effects of fatty acids from beef perirenal fat (PRF) or subcutaneous fat (SCF) with low or high levels of BHI in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells. Cells were exposed for 72 h to media containing increasing doses (50 to 400 μM) of different beef fat treatments. Fatty‐acid analysis showed that BHI were readily incorporated into cell phospholipids (PL) in a treatment‐dependent manner, but higher BHI in PL did not consistently inhibit growth. Culturing with low‐BHI PRF or high‐BHI PRF did not lead to growth inhibition, but low‐BHI SCF inhibited growth, and inhibition was further increased by high‐BHI SCF. Other classes of fatty acids may, therefore, be interacting with BHI resulting in differential effects on growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells.
Effects of Education and Experience on Primary Care Providers' Perspectives of Obesity Treatments during a Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Iwamoto Sean , Saxon David , Tsai Adam , Leister Erin , Speer Rebecca , Heyn Hilde , Kealey Elizabeth , Juarez‐Colunga Elizabeth , Gudzune Kimberly , Bleich Sara , Clark Jeanne , Bessesen Daniel 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of a 1‐year pragmatic obesity trial on primary care providers' (PCPs) perspectives of treatment.MethodsPCPs from four intervention clinics (PCP‐I) and five control clinics (PCP‐C) completed pre‐ and postintervention surveys on weight‐loss counseling, comfort discussing obesity treatments, and perceived effectiveness of interventions; questions were rated on 0 to 10 Likert scales. Only PCP‐I received patient updates and education about obesity management.ResultsEighty PCPs completed preintervention surveys (pre: 71% female, 71% physicians); 82 PCPs completed postintervention surveys (post: 66% female, 70% physicians). PCPs were most comfortable discussing exercise before and after the trial (pre PCP‐C: 8.22 [1.44], mean [standard deviation (SD)]; post PCP‐C: 8.37 [1.24]; P = 0.8; pre/post PCP‐I: 7.88 [1.51] vs. 7.80 [1.71]; P = 0.3). PCPs were initially least comfortable discussing phentermine/topiramate extended release (ER) but developed significantly more comfort after the trial, to a greater degree among PCP‐I (pre/post PCP‐C: 2.86 [2.66] vs. 3.73 [2.72], P < 0.001; pre/post PCP‐I: 4.00 [2.57] vs. 6.17 [2.27], P < 0.001). After the trial, both PCPs rated exercise significantly less effective for weight loss, with a greater decrease in effectiveness rations among PCP‐I (pre/post PCP‐C: 7.73 [1.94] vs. 6.93 [2.35], P = 0.017; pre/post PCP‐I: 6.27 [2.69] vs. 5.15 [2.31], P = 0.001). Both PCPs rated phentermine (pre/post PCP‐C: 5.03 [2.05] vs. 5.50 [2.12], P = 0.002; pre/post PCP‐I: 5.70 [1.64] vs. 6.83 [1.18], P = 0.001) and phentermine/topiramate ER (pre/post PCP‐C: 3.91 [2.33] vs. 5.47 [2.54], P < 0.001; pre/post PCP‐I: 5.58 [2.21] vs. 7.02 [1.47], P < 0.001) significantly more effective after the trial, though ratings were higher among PCP‐I.ConclusionsPCPs initially overvalued exercise and undervalued weight‐loss medications. PCPs exposed to education and experience gave higher comfort and effectiveness ratings to weight‐loss medications.
Fetal programming and Wilms tumor
Authors: Heck Julia E. , He Di , Janzen Carla , Federman Noah , Olsen Jorn , Ritz Beate , Hansen Johnni 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe “fetal programming” hypothesis has been evaluated in many adult diseases including cancer, but not for Wilms tumor. Wilms tumor has been related to high birthweight, but little is known about other growth metrics such as a baby's birth length, ponderal index, or placenta size, which can shed additional light on growth patterns.MethodsCases of Wilms tumor (N = 217) were taken from the Danish Cancer Registry, and controls (N = 4340) were randomly selected from the Population Register and matched to cases by sex and age. Linkage to the Medical Births Registry provided information on gestational factors and fetal growth measurements, while linkage to the Patient Register provided information on maternal and child health conditions.ResultsDespite having typically normal to higher birthweights, Wilms tumor cases had smaller placentas (≤540 g; odds ratio (OR) = 4.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.84–9.78) and a lower placenta‐to‐birthweight ratio (OR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.17–2.82, per 1 SD decrease). Small placentas were more common among Wilms cases without congenital anomalies (OR = 6.43; 95% CI, 1.95–21.21). Wilms tumor cases had a higher prevalence of high birthweight (>4000 g; OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11–2.22), birth length 55 cm or longer (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.09–2.78), and being large for gestational age (OR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.08–2.96).ConclusionsOur study corroborates earlier studies showing associations with high birthweight and suggests associations between Wilms tumor and decreased placental size and low placenta‐to‐birthweight ratio.
Results of surgical resections with positive margins for children with hepatoblastoma: Case series from a single Asian center
Authors: Ren Xianghai , Li Haibo , Diao Mei , Chen Long , Xu Hang , Li Long 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe influence of margin status on the survival of patients with hepatoblastoma (HB) remains controversial. Here, we report long‐term follow‐up outcomes of 26 patients with HB who underwent hepatectomy with positive microscopic margins. Although these patients had microscopic residuals, the 5‐year overall survival and event‐free survival rates of those who had no metastases or macrovascular involvement (MVI) were 86.7% and 80.8%, respectively. This may support the hypothesis that patients with HB who undergo hepatectomy with positive microscopic residuals but without MVI or metastases can also achieve satisfactory survival rate. Further studies in this field are required.
Holographic Entropy Relations
Authors: Hubeny Veronika E. , Rangamani Mukund , Rota Massimiliano 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe develop a framework for the derivation of new information theoretic quantities which are natural from a holographic perspective. We demonstrate the utility of our techniques by deriving the tripartite information (the quantity associated to monogamy of mutual information) using a set of abstract arguments involving bulk extremal surfaces. Our arguments rely on formal manipulations of surfaces and not on local surgery or explicit computation of entropies through the holographic entanglement entropy prescriptions. As an application, we show how to derive a family of similar information quantities for an arbitrary number of parties. The present work establishes the foundation of a broader program that aims at the understanding of the entanglement structures of geometric states for an arbitrary number of parties. We stress that our method is completely democratic with respect to bulk geometries and is equally valid in static and dynamical situations. While rooted in holography, we expect that our construction will provide a useful characterization of multipartite correlations in quantum field theories.
Computational studies on the formation of aza‐oxypentadienyl intermediates from alkylidene oxaziridines and keteneimine oxides and their conversion to 1,5‐dihydropyrrolones
Authors: Villar Pedro , Guillade Lucía , González‐Pérez Adán B. , de Lera Angel R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe rearrangements of alkylidene oxaziridines 1a,b (a, R = Me; b, R = OMe) and keteneimine oxides 1’a,b to 1,5‐dihydropyrrolones 3a,b have been computationally studied at the UM062X/Def2TZVPP(PCM,TFE)//UM062X/Def2SVP(PCM,TFE) level. The mechanism for conversion of 1a‐3a is predicted to be stepwise, with intermediacy of the acyclic aza‐oxypentadienyl species 4a. The stabilization provided by the nitrogen of the oxaziridine makes the ring opening of 1a to diradical/zwitterionic intermediates 4a more feasible than in the case of the vinyl allene oxide counterparts. The formation of aziridinone 2a from 1a showed competing activation energies but 2a was found to be a thermodynamically less stable species than 3a. When the Me group at N is exchanged by the electron‐donating OMe substituent in 1b, the diradical species and the corresponding transition structures are more stabilized and therefore the aziridinones are not required as intermediates in the conversion of 1b to 3b. Keteneimine oxide 1′ is predicted to directly generate diradical 4 by C‐O ring opening although through a less favored transition state.
Assessment of Maturity in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico Florida Stone Crab Menippe mercenaria Fishery
Authors: Crowley Claire E. , Gandy Ryan L. , Daly Kendra L. , Leone Erin Hoerl 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Florida stone crab Menippe mercenaria supports one of Florida's most valuable commercial fisheries. Sustained fishing pressure and overexploitation, despite negative trends in landings, have facilitated the need to transition from stock assessments based on effort and landings toward more sophisticated methods. This requires accurate knowledge of life history parameters, such as size at sexual maturity. The physiological, behavioral, and functional maturity of female Florida stone crabs and the physiological maturity of male crabs were assessed in individuals collected throughout the geographically fished range of the population between 2013 and 2014. Morphological maturity of both sexes was assessed in individuals collected from the same locations in 2005–2016. Histology was used to determine oocyte maturity, presence of spermatophores, and presence of postovulatory follicles in females and the production of spermatophores (present in the anterior vas deferens) in males. Decision tree analysis determined that 50% of females were mature at 43 mm carapace width (CW) based on an indicator of physiological and behavioral sexual maturity. In males, physiological maturity occurred at a CW of 34.75 mm. Sexual maturity estimated using morphological maturity occurred at 66.3 mm CW in females and 63.1 mm CW in males. Differences in estimated size at sexual maturity between morphological maturity and physiological, behavioral, and functional maturity indicate that the relative growth of body parts is not reliable for estimating sexual maturity in Florida stone crabs. Smaller females may be contributing more to the spawning population than had been previously estimated. Large, morphometrically mature males may be more successful in mating encounters, but during times of flux in population size structure (i.e., fewer large males), morphologically immature but physiologically mature males have increased mating opportunities. Results indicate that male and female Florida stone crabs can contribute to the reproductive population multiple times before they become vulnerable to the fishery.
Urban water supply in Punic and Roman Sardinia
Authors: Cespa Stefano 
Published: September 2018

The study of Punic and Roman water supply systems in Sardinia (Western Mediterranean) has developed significantly over the last few decades of research. Due to the particular climatic conditions, the problem of water supply in the island has always been strongly felt. Water management systems were therefore of vital importance in the organization of private and public spaces in antiquity. Methods of planning and construction became quite precise, as did systems for control and maintenance; their use and evolution over the centuries could be seen in relation to expansion of urban centers and to demographic increase, to higher urban living standards, to enlarge of production systems and, maybe, to climatic variations. The purpose of this article is to provide a comparative overview of the most significant urban areas of Sardinia during the Punic and Roman period. The description of water works (wells, cisterns, tanks, channels), of techniques of water usage, of construction technologies, also with regards on public buildings directly fed by them, will give a comprehensive framework regarding these fundamental types of structures.This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Human Water > Water Governance
Science of Water > Water Extremes
Climate, history, and culture in the United States
Authors: White Sam 
Published: September 2018

Although research in the field has faced obstacles, there is now a recognizable body of scholarship on climate in United States history and culture. This literature makes significant contributions to regional and national historiographies and to contemporary climate change issues. Most paleoclimate, historical, and archeological research pertaining to climate variability and impacts has focused on Native American histories and on the early colonial period, when European settlements were most vulnerable. Nevertheless, scholars have also investigated diverse ways in which regional climate differences and, above all, perceptions about American climates have shaped the modern history of the country. Research on climate and culture could make particularly significant contributions to topics such as Southern racism and slavery, Western migration and agriculture, and the rise of American suburbs.This article is categorized under:

Climate, History, Society, Culture > World Historical Perspectives
Design matters: on the impact of compliance program design on corporate ethics
Authors: Stöber Thomas , Kotzian Peter , Weißenberger Barbara E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCorporate scandals led to an increased interest in improving managers’ compliance. To this end, companies implement compliance programs including codes of conduct, compliance training, and whistle-blowing as core elements. Previous research has focused on the impact of the mere existence of one or several compliance program’s elements on compliance. Compliance programs differ substantially from company to company, for instance, in how training is organized and how the code looks like. This makes direct comparisons of the results challenging. Until now, it is poorly understood if and how the design of a compliance program’s element affects compliance. This paper investigates firstly, whether codes per se are an effective core element of compliance programs; secondly, whether the way a code is designed (e.g., by using examples) impacts on compliance; and thirdly, whether types of compliance training as well as whistle-blowing channels make a difference in terms of compliance and whistle-blowing. We conducted a factorial survey experiment with 1005 managers from a multinational European corporation. Our findings indicate that not the mere existence of a code but its design matters for compliance. There is evidence that more specific compliance training is more effective than general training. Our study contributes to the business ethics literature by providing insights on how design elements of compliance program’s elements matter. Finally, we also contribute to business practice as we draw up guidelines for those who are responsible for their compliance programs.
Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations and WNT-pathway-related markers of bowel cancer risk
Authors: Malcomson Fiona C. , Willis Naomi D. , McCallum Iain , Xie Long , Kelly Seamus , Bradburn David Michael , Belshaw Nigel J. , Johnson Ian T. , Mathers John C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBowel cancer risk is strongly influenced by lifestyle factors including diet and physical activity. Several studies have investigated the effects of adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) cancer prevention recommendations on outcomes such as all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, but the relationships with molecular mechanisms that underlie the effects on bowel cancer risk are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between adherence to the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations and wingless/integrated (WNT)-pathway-related markers of bowel cancer risk, including the expression of WNT pathway genes and regulatory microRNA (miRNA), secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) methylation and colonic crypt proliferative state in colorectal mucosal biopsies. Dietary and lifestyle data from seventy-five healthy participants recruited as part of the DISC Study were used. A scoring system was devised including seven of the cancer prevention recommendations and smoking status. The effects of total adherence score and scores for individual recommendations on the measured outcomes were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis and unpaired t tests, respectively. Total adherence score correlated negatively with expression of Myc proto-oncogene (c-MYC) (P=0·039) and WNT11 (P=0·025), and high adherers had significantly reduced expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) (P=0·042), WNT11 (P=0·012) and c-MYC (P=0·048). Expression of axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3β), catenin β1 (CTNNB1) and WNT11 and of the oncogenic miRNA miR-17 and colonic crypt kinetics correlated significantly with scores for individual recommendations, including body fatness, red meat intake, plant food intake and smoking status. The findings from this study provide evidence for positive effects of adherence to the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations on WNT-pathway-related markers of bowel cancer risk.
One Smart Politician: Gendered Media Discourses of Political Leadership in Canada
Authors: Wagner Angelia , Trimble Linda , Sampert Shannon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhich leadership qualities are most likely to be emphasized in news reports about leadership competitions, and are they attributed differently to women and men candidates? To answer this question, we conducted content and discourse analyses of 2,463 articles published by theGlobe and Mailnewspaper on 10 women and 17 men seeking the leadership of Canadian political parties since 1975. Our results show that women candidates were subjected to more negative and gendered assessments of their communication skills, intellectual substance and political experience than were men candidates. We also found little evidence that gendered media discourses about political leadership have changed over time, especially in the case of women in the strongest position to become the country's first national party leader or prime minister.
Usnea viktoriana(Ascomycota,Parmeliaceae), a new European taxon of theUsnea barbata-dasopogagroup, with a key to the shrubby-subpendulous sorediateUsneaspecies in Europe
Authors: CLERC Philippe , OTTE Volker 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUsnea viktorianaP. Clerc & Otte is described as new. It is characterized by the presence of alectorialic acid as major secondary compound mainly present in the aggregated efflorescent soralia with long isidiofibrils.Usnea parafloridanaK. Mark, Will-Wolf & Randlane is synonymized withU. praetervisa(Asahina) P. Clerc. BothU. viktorianaandU. praetervisaare supported by molecular analysis. A key to the shrubby-subpendulous sorediateUsneaspecies in Europe is provided.