bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Huge right breast lump in male: a diagnostic dilemma as gynecomastia or something else?
Authors: . Krishnaprasad , Reddy Sandeep , P. N. Sreeramulu , C. A. Shashirekha , Abraham Amal , Mohan Padmalakshmi , R. Deepthi 
Published: April 2018

Any lump in the male breast is considered as cancer until histologically ruled out otherwise. Breast asymmetry can result from unequal hypertrophy or neoplastic growth, leading fatty tumors to be clinically and radiographically difficult to differentiate from hypertrophy.2 Lipoma is one of the most common benign mesenchymal tumors derived from fatty tissue. Incidence ranges from 12 to 16% of all mesenchymal tumors. We present an unusual presentation of the huge right breast lump in male. A 46 years old male, painless giant sagging right breast. Underwent reduction mammoplasty. Excision biopsy revealed mature adipose tissue separated by thin fibro vascular septate with no neuronal component and malignant transformation. Huge lipoma in male are unusual, requires care evaluation for diagnosis. They associated with excellent prognosis, after successfully intervened. All surgeons should aware of this kind of presentation. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of a huge lipoma of breast in a male. When considering for treatment, the challenging part is reconstruction the breast in full filling a normal symmetrical and aesthetic anatomic structure of the breast. various literatures.
Spontaneous perforation of caecum, a rare entity: case report and review of literature
Authors: Sharma Rakesh , Padhy Biren P. , Kumar Supreet , Suchithra G. Lakshmi , Hareesh Meka 
Published: April 2018

Spontaneous perforation of caecum is a rare entity. Here we present a case of 72-year-old male who had presented with pain, distension of abdomen with tense pneumo-peritonium and peritonitis. Exploratory laparotomy showed caecal perforation without any obvious cause. Various theories have been proposed regarding the pathology but still its etiology remains a dilemma. Though it is not a common entity, it weighs a high importance in case of diagnosis and prompt intervention due to its high mortality from peritonitis and septicaemia.
Santral venöz portların çıkarılma nedenleri: Ardışık 154 hastadan edinilen deneyim
Authors: UZUNKAYA Fatih , SOYLU Ayşegül İdil , BELET Ümit , TERZİ Özlem , AKAN Hüseyin 
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, tek merkezde santral venöz
portların çıkarılma nedenlerinin sıklıklarını tespit etmek, port kaynaklı enfeksiyon
ile ilişkili risk faktörlerini ve portların açık kaldığı süreyi etkileyen
faktörleri belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2005 -
Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında port çıkarma işlemi yapılmış 154 hasta çalışmaya
dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ve cinsiyetleri, klinik tanıları, portlarının
çıkarılma nedenleri, mikrobiyolojik test sonuçları ve portlarının açık kaldığı
süreler retrospektif olarak araştırıldı. Port kaynaklı enfeksiyon ile ilişkili
risk faktörlerini karşılaştırmak için Ki-kare testi, portların açık kaldığı
süreyi etkileyen faktörleri karşılaştırmak için ise Mann-Whitney U testi
kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Hastaların %51.3’ü kadın, %48.7’si erkekti (yaş ortalaması, 55.1±15).
Portların en sık (%53.2) enfeksiyon gerekçesiyle çıkarıldığı tespit edildi. Cinsiyetin,
yaşın, malignite tipinin ve sindirim kanalı kanserine sahip olmanın enfeksiyon
sıklığını anlamlı derecede etkilemediği belirlendi. Enfeksiyon gelişen
hastaların kültürlerinde en sık (%20.9) izole edilen patojenin Staphylococcus aureus olduğu görüldü.
Cinsiyetin, yaşın, malignite tipinin ve sindirim kanalı kanserine sahip olmanın
portların açık kaldığı süreyi anlamlı derecede etkilemediği, buna karşın
enfeksiyonun bu süreyi önemli ölçüde kısalttığı tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Kanser hastalarının yarısından fazlasının portu enfeksiyon nedeniyle
çıkarılmaktadır. Enfeksiyon, portların açık kaldığı süreyi önemli ölçüde
kısaltmaktadır.
Az „írástudó” egyetemi hallgató
Authors: Koltay Tibor 
Published: April 2018

A tanulmány témája az akadémiai írástudás, vagyis azok a készségek, beállítódások és ismeretek, amelyeket egy egyetemi hallgatónak el kell sajátítania annak érdekében, hogy a tág értelemben vett tudományos világ, egy-egy adott tudományos közösség elvárásainak megfelelő szövegeket tudjon olvasni, interpretálni és létrehozni. Az olyan gyakrabban tárgyalt témák, mint a szakirodalomra való hivatkozás módja és a plágium elkerülése mellett, a tanulmány szól az információkkal szembeni kritikai hozzáállás fontosságáról, az értelmezés szükségességéről, az információs túlterhelésről és az általa okozott szimptómák enyhítéséről is. Amellett érvel, hogy a hallgatókban tudatosítani kell azt, hogy az írás és az olvasás folyamata nem lineáris, mivel az olvasás, a gondolkodás, a szintézis és az írás ismétlődő lépésekből álló műveletsorozaton alapul, továbbá azt, hogy az írás nemcsak az új információ létrehozását foglalja magában, hanem információk összegyűjtését és szervezését is. Fontos ismerniük a célközönségüket is, különös tekintettel arra a tudományos közösségre, amelyhez tartoznak.
Three-Dimensionally Printed Personalized Implant Design and Reconstructive Surgery for a Bone Tumor of the Calcaneus
Authors: Park Jong Woong , Kang Hyun Guy , Lim Kwun Mook , Kim June Hyuk , Kim Han Soo 
Published: April 2018

Case:
A 23-year-old soldier was diagnosed with a calcaneal desmoplastic fibroma. Limb-salvage surgery using a 3-dimensionally (3D) printed personalized implant made from a titanium alloy was planned. The implant had a mesh-style surface for free tendon suture, and the joint surface was smooth to preserve the subtalar joint. The implant had 3 hollow posts in case of future transarticular immobilization. At the last follow-up, the implant was painless and stable, and the patient could walk normally without support.

Conclusion:
A 3D-printed personalized implant showed acceptable functional and anatomic outcomes for a calcaneal bone tumor. Appropriate design modification of a 3D-printed personalized implant enabled an optimal outcome in our patient.
Incidence and Characterization of Major Upper-Extremity Amputations in the National Trauma Data Bank
Authors: Inkellis Elizabeth , Low Eric Edison , Langhammer Christopher , Morshed Saam 
Published: April 2018

Background:
There are few recent data examining the epidemiology of severe upper-extremity trauma in non-military patients. We used the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) to investigate the epidemiology and descriptive characteristics of upper-extremity amputations in U.S. trauma centers.

Methods:
We queried the 2009 to 2012 NTDB research datasets for patients undergoing major upper-extremity amputation and extracted characteristics of the patient population, injury distribution, and treating facilities. In addition, multivariable regression models were fit to identify correlates of reoperation, major in-hospital complications, duration of hospitalization, and in-hospital mortality.

Results:
A total of 1,386 patients underwent a major upper-extremity amputation secondary to a trauma-related upper-extremity injury, representing 46 per 100,000 NTDB trauma admissions from 2009 to 2012. The most frequent definitive procedures performed were amputations through the humerus (35%), forearm (30%), and hand (14%). The average duration of hospitalization for all amputees was 17 days. Thirty-one percent of patients underwent at least 1 reoperation. The rate of reoperation was significantly higher at university-associated hospitals compared with nonteaching or community hospitals (p < 0.0001). Patients who had at least 1 reoperation stayed in the hospital approximately 7 days longer than patients who did not undergo reoperation. The Injury Severity Score, hospital teaching status, concomitant neurovascular injury, and occurrence of a complication were significantly associated with reoperation.

Conclusions:
The present study provides an updated report on the epidemiology and characteristics of trauma-related major upper-extremity amputation in the U.S. civilian population. Additional work is necessary to assess the long-term outcomes following attempted upper-extremity salvage. The population-level data provided by the present study may help to inform the design and implementation of future studies on the optimum treatment for this survivable but life-altering injury.
Novel Arthroscopic Tendon Transfers for Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Woodmass Jarret M. , Welp Kathryn M. , Chang Michelle J. , Elhassan Bassem T. , Higgins Laurence D. , Warner Jon J.P. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears in both the primary and the revision setting are challenging problems. There remains controversy over the ideal treatment methods for these patients. In the case of an irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear, tendon transfers
1–12
have emerged as a reliable option, with a durable outcome. The most commonly used tendon transfer options are the latissimus dorsi (LD)
1–6
and the lower trapezius (LT)
12
.

Description:
The LD transfer is performed by first harvesting the LT tendon from the humeral shaft. It is critical to release the many adhesions to the muscle belly as well as to separate it from the teres major muscle. The tendon is then transferred intra-articularly, in an interval between the deltoid and the teres minor. The tendon is anchored arthroscopically after preparation of the anterolateral aspect of the tuberosity. The LT transfer is performed by harvesting the LT muscle and tendon off its insertion on the medial aspect of the scapular spine. It should be mobilized to maximize excursion by releasing adhesions. An Achilles tendon allograft is anchored into the anterior aspect of the greater tuberosity arthroscopically. The Achilles tendon is then secured to the LT tendon.

Alternatives:
In addition to tendon transfer, options include:Partial or complete attempted repair
13–17
.Augmentation or bridging with allografts
18–23
.Superior capsular reconstruction
24
.Subacromial balloon
25
.

Rationale:
There remains a paucity of literature comparing tendon transfers with alternatives. However, when considering a tendon transfer, certain principles are critical in order to achieve an optimal outcome:The recipient and transferred tendons must have similar musculotendinous excursion.The recipient and transferred tendons should have similar lines of pull.One tendon (the transferred) should be designed to replace 1 function (of the recipient).The function of the transferred tendon and muscle should be expendable without substantial donor site morbidity.The strength of the transferred muscle must be at least grade 4.

When deciding between the LT and LD transfer, certain considerations should be taken into account. The LD transfer has a proven history of successfully treating massive irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears in studies with long-term follow-up
1–6
. Alternatively, although the LT transfer has only recently gained popularity, it has the advantage of “in-phase” muscle function, since the trapezius naturally contracts during shoulder external rotation. Furthermore, its line of pull almost completely mimics the infraspinatus.
Exploring the Feasibility of Adsorptive Removal of ZnO Nanoparticles from Wastewater
Authors: Piplai Tropita , Kumar Arun , Alappat Babu J. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: This study tested the feasibility of adsorptive removal of ZnO nanoparticles using activated carbon from wastewater. The effects of pH (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) and nanoparticle/activated carbon concentration ratios (10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001) on the removal were studied in batch kinetic studies in both deionized water and wastewater. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon for ZnO nanoparticles were found to be 9.3 ± 0.8 mg/g (93% removal) and 8.2 ± 3.7 mg/g (85% removal) at 640 and 780 min in deionized and wastewater respectively at optimum conditions (pH 8; 10g/L activated carbon concentration, 100mg/L ZnO nanoparticle concentration). The rate constant was lowest at ratio 0.01 and pH 8, and highest at ratio 10 and 1 and pH 5 and 6. Pseudo‐second‐order and the Weber‐Morris model best described the adsorption process. Characterization analysis also confirmed the deposition of ZnO nanoparticles onto activated carbon. Overall activated carbon successfully removed ZnO nanoparticles using the adsorptive process.
A Critical Review of the Factors Affecting Modeling Oxygen Transfer by Fine‐Pore Diffusers in Activated Sludge
Authors: Baquero‐Rodríguez Gustavo Andrés , Lara‐Borrero Jaime Andrés , Nolasco Daniel , Rosso Diego 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: In this review, the factors affecting the transfer of oxygen in activated sludge processes using fine‐pore diffusers for water resource recovery are critically discussed. In water resource recovery facilities, the energy required for aeration constitutes 50% to 80% of the total energy consumed by the plant. This critical review highlights the use of fine‐pore diffuser aeration and emphasizes the significance of accounting for the following factors: diffuser aging and fouling, diffuser layout, diffuser type, selector benefits, local environmental conditions (temperature and atmospheric pressure), influent wastewater variability, dissolved oxygen control systems, and airflow rates. In our review, we were unable to find mathematical models that could be used to develop dynamic α‐factor predictions and diffuser fouling predictions. Although the development of a model that considers all the factors that affect oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE) in activated sludge systems would be extremely valuable, the creation of such a model is outside the scope of this review.
Ecotoxicological Analysis of Acrylamide Using a Microalga as an Indicator Organism
Authors: Nunes Bárbara Werle , Hedlund Keila Fernanda , Oliveira Maria Angelica , Carissimi Elvis 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Aquatic ecosystems are very prone to contamination. The fast and accurate assessment of the toxicity of water is an important tool for environmental safety. The aim of this study was to assess the possible toxic effects of acrylamide on physiological parameters of the Chlorophyceae Desmodesmus quadricauda. Cells in exponential growth phase were exposed for 72 h to different concentrations of acrylamide. Light microscopy analysis documented cell density, number of cells per coenobia, cell dimensions, and biovolume; chlorophyll a concentration was also determined. Result show that EC50 of acrylamide for D. quadricauda is 5.88 mg/L. Significant morphological changes were also observed for phenotypic plasticity and cellular dimensions. The most noticeable changes were the significant increase in one‐celled coenobia over 24 and 48 h of exposure to EC50. These findings demonstrate that acrylamide may affect aquatic life, not only through growth inhibition, but also inducing phenotypic plasticity and also be problematic when used in high concentrations for water supply.
Detection and Evaluation of Groundwater in Siwa Oasis, Egypt Using Hydrogeochemical and Remote Sensing Data Analysis
Authors: Safaa Hassan , Esam Ismail 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: The present study aims to detect and evaluate the groundwater quality in Siwa Oasis using chemical and remote sensing data analysis. To carry out this goal, the data of Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images have been used to discriminate the lithological rock units. ALOS radar remote sensing data with spatial resolution 12.5 m has been used to emphasize the predominant fault trends as well as detection of the buried structures. The chemical analysis of 39 groundwater samples was used to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes by comparing those parameters with World Health Organization standards. Seventy‐seven percent of the collected water samples are unsuitable for drinking. About 82% of the studied water samples are unsuitable for the industry. According to salinity index, SAR, Na%, magnesium hazard and Kelley ratio, most of the collected groundwater samples are considered unsuitable for irrigation purposes.
Dialogando con la tierra: un material del pasado para el futuro
Authors: Garzón Lucia Esperanza 
Published: April 2018

Resumen: La tierra es un material de construcción milenario. Se desarrolló con diversas técnicas en todos los continentes, climas, culturas y está presente hasta nuestros días. Avances tecnológicos y normativos respaldan el uso de este material, ya que ayuda a mitigar el cambio climático, aporta a la disminución de energía, está en un proceso de desarrollo científico. Es urgente revaluar y visibilizar sus potencialidades y limitaciones, por ser un recurso que aunque está inserto en la memoria y hace parte la sabiduría ancestral de los pueblos, se desconoce y aún tiene mucha resistencia en la sociedad y en el mercado.
___Palabras clave: Arquitectura con tierra, bio-construcción, bahareque, economía energética, Eco-materiales.
___Abstract: The earth is an ancient building material. It was developed with diverse techniques in all the continents, climates, cultures and is present until our days. Technological and normative advances support the use of this material, as it helps to mitigate climate change, contributes to the decrease of energy, is in a process of scientific development. It is urgent to re-evaluate and make visible its potentialities and limitations, because it is a resource that although it is inserted in the memory and forms part of the ancestral wisdom of the people, is unknown and still has much resistance in society and in the market.
___Keywords: Architecture with earth, bio-construction, bahareque, energy economy, Eco-materials.
___Resumo: A Terra é um antigo material de construção. Foi desenvolvido com diversas técnicas em todos os continentes, climas, culturas e está presente até nossos dias. Os avanços tecnológicos e normativos apoiam o uso deste material, pois ajuda a mitigar as mudanças climáticas, contribui para a diminuição da energia, está em um processo de desenvolvimento científico. É urgente reavaliar e visibilizar suas potencialidades e limitações, como um recurso que, apesar de inserido na memória e faz parte da sabedoria ancestral das pessoas, é desconhecido e ainda tem muita resistência na sociedade e no mercado.
___Palavras-chave: Arquitetura com terra, bio-construção, bahareque, economia de energia, Eco-materiais.
___Recibido: 15 de agosto 2017. Aceptado:20 de octubre de 2017.
Desarrollo de la forma de una tenso estructura en el diseño por computadora
Authors: Morales Guzmán Carlos César , Martínez Cruz Calixto , Rivera Torre Héctor , Flores Gutiérrez Avatar 
Published: April 2018

Resumen: El origen de la investigación se desarrolla en la metodología de traslación geométrica de una superficie mínima, la incógnita, es elaborar una metodología de diseño que se ajuste a un programa virtual y éste, desarrolle el diseño físico de los modelos de tenso estructuras, del que pueden resultar una variedad de formas. La difícil transición de la forma, es la aplicación del patronaje, ya que el sistema se somete a las medidas constructivas del material, para ello se desarrolla un método que generará simulaciones geométricas, creando diseños de velarías de una forma más sencilla, mediante un software de uso común.
___Palabras clave: metodología del diseño, geometría aplicada, modelo computacional.
___Abstract: The origin of the research is developed in the methodology of geometrical translation of a minimum surface, the unknown, is to develop a design methodology that fits a virtual program and this, develop the physical design of the models of tense structures, which may result in a variety of forms. The difficult transition of the form, is the application of the pattern, since the system is subjected to the constructive measures of the material, for it is developed a method that will generate geometric simulations, creating designs of tense structures in a simpler way, using software of common use.
___Keywords: design methodology, applied geometry, computational model.
___Resumo: A origem da pesquisa é desenvolvida na metodologia de tradução geométrica de uma superfície mínima, o desconhecido, é desenvolver uma metodologia de design que se encaixa em um programa virtual e, desenvolver o design físico dos modelos de estruturas tensas, que pode resultar em uma variedade de formas. A difícil transição da forma, é a aplicação do padrão, uma vez que o sistema é submetido às medidas construtivas do material, pois desenvolve um método que irá gerar simulações geométricas, criando projetos de velarías de forma mais simples, por meio de software de uso comum.
___Palavras-chave: metodologia de projeto, geometria aplicada, modelo computacional.
___Recibido: 10 de agosto 201. Aceptado: 1 de octubre de 2017.
Métodos de enseñanza del dibujo de observación en la graduación de diseño
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Luiz Carlos , Koji Nakata Milton 
Published: April 2018

Resumen: Este trabajo busca presentar una deficiencia que afecta a profesionales que trabajan con el dibujo, como los de diseño, arquitectura y moda. Debido al distanciamiento del ejercicio del dibujo que suele ocurrir durante la infancia, alumnos de cursos superiores suelen encontrarse en una situación crítica al retomar la práctica. Afortunadamente, se cree que ciertos métodos pueden mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos en la producción del dibujo. El texto presenta datos sobre una experiencia con dibujo de observación y relata datos parciales de una investigación de maestría que busca evaluar la influencia de métodos de ayuda en la observación y en la ejecución de dibujos.
___Palabras clave: dibujo; metodología; enseñanza.
___Abstract: This work seeks to present a deficiency that affects professionals working with the drawing, such as design, architecture and fashion. Due to the distancing of the exercise of drawing that usually occurs during childhood, students of higher education usually find themselves in a critical situation when resuming the practice. Fortunately, it is believed that certain methods can improve student performance in drawing production. The text presents data about an experiment with observation drawing and reports partial data from a master's research that seeks to evaluate the influence of aid methods on the observation and execution of drawings.
___Keywords: drawing, methodology, teaching.
___Resumo: Esse trabalho procura apresentar uma deficiência que atinge profissionais que trabalham com o desenho, como os de design, arquitetura e moda. Devido ao distanciamento do exercício do desenho que costuma ocorrer durante a infância, alunos de cursos superiores costumam se encontrar em uma situação crítica ao retomar a prática. Felizmente, acredita-se que determinados métodos podem melhorar o desempenho dos alunos na produção do desenho. O texto apresenta dados sobre uma experiência com desenho de observação e relata dados parciais de uma pesquisa de mestrado que procura avaliar a influência de métodos de auxílio na observação e na execução de desenhos.
___Palavras chave: desenho, metodologia, ensino.
___Recibido: 9 de agosto 2017. Aceptado: 10 de octubre de 2017.