bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Extended Main Sequence Turnoffs in Galactic Open Clusters
Authors: Marino A. F. , Milone A. P. , Casagrande L. , Przybilla N. , Balaguer-Núñez L. , Criscienzo M. Di , Serenelli A. , Vilardell F. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of Galactic open clusters are widely considered to be the prototypes of single stellar populations. By using photometry in ultraviolet and optical bands we discovered that the nearby young cluster NGC 6705 (M11) exhibits an extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO) and a broadened main sequence (MS). This is the first evidence of multiple stellar populations in a Galactic open cluster. By using high-resolution Very Large Telescope (VLT) spectra we provide direct evidence that the multiple sequences along the CMD correspond to stellar populations with different rotation rates. Specifically, the blue MS (bMS) is formed of slow-rotating stars, while red-MS (rMS) stars are fast rotators. Moreover, we exploit photometry from Gaia data release 2 (DR2) to show that three Galactic open clusters, namely NGC 2099, NGC 2360, and NGC 2818, exhibit the eMSTO, thus suggesting that it is a common feature among these objects. Our previous work on the Large Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC 1818 shows that slowly and rapidly rotating stars populate the bMS and rMS observed in its CMD. The similarities between M11 and the young clusters of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) suggest that rotation is responsible for the appearance of multiple populations in the CMDs of both Milky Way open clusters and MCs young clusters.
Physics of Pair Producing Gaps in Black Hole Magnetospheres
Authors: Chen Alexander Y. , Yuan Yajie , Yang Huan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In some low-luminosity accreting supermassive black hole systems, the supply of plasma in the funnel region can be a problem. It is believed that a local region with an unscreened electric field can exist in the black hole magnetosphere, accelerating particles and producing high-energy gamma-rays that can create e
± pairs. We carry out time-dependent self-consistent 1D PIC simulations of this process, including inverse-Compton scattering and photon tracking. We find a highly time-dependent solution where a macroscopic gap opens quasi-periodically to create e
± pairs and high-energy radiation. If this gap is operating at the base of the jet in M87, we expect an intermittency on the order of a few r

g
/c, which coincides with the timescale of the observed TeV flares from the same object. For Sagittarius A* the gap electric field can potentially grow to change the global magnetospheric structure, which may explain the lack of a radio jet at the center of our galaxy.
« Objets inanimés, avez-vous donc une âme », ou Psyché en sciences de gestion
Authors: Naszályi Philippe 
Published: August 2018

Faire cohabiter Lamartine avec John Venn est en quelque sorte le pari de ce numéro qui inaugure 2018. Cette parution qui ouvre 2018, placé sous le signe de Psyché, le « principe pensant » pour Aristote, confronte les sciences de gestion avec les horizons des manifestations conscientes et inconscientes de la personnalité. Ouvert par le travail sur le contrat psychologique, fondamental en RH, de François Renon et d’Anne Goujon-Belghit, chercheurs à la Chaire de Capital Humain et de Performance Globale de l’Université de Bordeaux, ce numéro présente deux dossiers thématiques : Psyché et la consommation et Psyché et la gouvernance . Rationalité selon J. Venn, notamment et variétés des cultures, ici symbolisés par les alphabets grecs, latins et cyrilliques, et si loin du main stream sclérosant, nous semblent résumer psyché et ses nombreuses déclinaisons en sciences de gestion. Tout n’est-il pas symbole ?
La satisfaction, ou l’insatisfaction des consommateurs de services des prestataires de formation dans un contexte dynamique et comparatif : une approche par les ensembles flous
Authors: Samba Bruno 
Published: August 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de mesurer, dans un contexte dynamique et comparatif, l’insatisfaction des consommateurs de services des prestataires de formation, en s’inscrivant dans l’approche des ensembles flous. S’inspirant du cadre à la logique totalement floue et relative, ou TFR, de B. Cheli et A. Lemmi (1995) et des travaux d’A. Filippone et al. (2001) qui introduient la dynamique dans ce cadre, nous construisons des indicateurs d’insatisfaction intéressants : ces indicateurs appréhendent bien le décalage temporel entre deux promotions de stagiaires. Pour donner plus de portée à notre travail, nous avons vérifié notre approche avec une étude concrète de deux formations de professionnels de taxis, réalisée en Loire-Atlantique, en France, durant l’année 2013.
Sensibilité au risque du consommateur face à la peur de mourir
Authors: Sogbossi Bocco Bertrand 
Published: August 2018

En raison des nombreux scandales liés aux intoxications alimentaires et à la dégradation de l’environnement, les consommateurs développent de plus en plus un réflexe de contrôle social et adoptent même un comportement de boycott des produits de l’entreprise suspectée. Alors que les réactions habituelles face aux déviations des entreprises sont marquées par des sanctions et rejets, elles se manifestent dans les pays en développement par une préférence des produits contrefaits dont les médicaments de la rue. À travers une recherche de terrain auprès de 362 consommateurs, cette recherche tente d’analyser les déterminants d’une telle tolérance des populations à revenu faible aux médicaments de la rue.
Le 4PL au cœur des chaînes logistiques : une nouvelle dynamique d’intermédiation
Authors: Fattam Nejib , Paché Gilles 
Published: August 2018

Le prestataire de services logistiques dénommé 4PL se caractérise par une plasticité de sa structure organisationnelle et son emplacement central dans la chaîne logistique. Une telle position en termes d’intermédiation est favorisée par la présence de compétences architecturales, d’assemblage et d’orchestration. La dynamique du 4PL est marquée également par un encastrement relationnel et un maillage social significatif. Une recherche de terrain conduite en France auprès de 47 entreprises de type 4PL permet d’identifier trois modèles d’affaires distincts, à savoir le modèle d’affaires « 4PL pur », le modèle d’affaires « 3PL & 4PL combiné », et le modèle d’affaires « consulting ».
Population Characteristics of Yellow Perch in a Central Appalachia Hydropower Reservoir
Authors: Hilling Corbin D. , Taylor Nate D. , Welsh Stuart A. , Smith Dustin M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEstimates of population characteristics of sport fishes inform fisheries management decisions and provide feedback on management strategies. Cheat Lake provides an unusual fishery in West Virginia because the hydropower reservoir supports a Yellow Perch Perca flavescens population. We estimated age structure, size structure, condition, total instantaneous mortality, growth, and summer diet for Cheat Lake Yellow Perch based on electrofishing collections in 2012. From 302 individuals, we observed a maximum age of 9 y. Maximum age, average size, and growth of females in the sample exceeded those of males. Cheat Lake Yellow Perch scored low on the relative weight index, but generally exhibited faster growth than other populations, even when compared by sex. Estimated annual survival was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.51–0.78), which is comparable to other exploited populations. These data support the presence of an ontogenetic diet shift from consumption of zooplankton to macroinvertebrates and fishes as Yellow Perch age. This study is the first evaluation we are aware of on Yellow Perch population characteristics in West Virginia, providing baseline data to enhance management decisions and direct future studies.
Gender pay gap in salary bands among employees in the formal sector of South Africa
Authors: Adelekan Adeboye M. , Bussin Mark H.R. 
Published: August 2018

Orientation: The gender pay gap is a worldwide challenge that has persisted despite political will and interventions. Comparably qualified women performing similar work as men continue to earn less. There are conflicting views in the literature regarding the status of the gender pay gap.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine status of the gender pay gap among employees in the same salary band and to establish whether men and women receive similar pay for similar work in the study population.Motivation for study: The status of the gender pay gap would establish the progress made towards closing the gap and guide necessary adjustments to interventions.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative analysis was conducted on the pay information of 217 902 employees collected in a survey from over 700 companies, across 10 job families and 6 industries.Main findings: Men’s pay was consistently higher than that of women in all salary bands except at the 75th and 95th percentile in sub-bands B-lower and B-upper and 25th percentile in sub-band E-upper. The gender pay gap ranged from 8% in band A to 27.1% in sub-band F-upper. The gaps observed in the salary bands were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) except in sub-band E-upper, F-lower and F-upper, indicating convergence towards similar pay for similar work at senior to top management levels. Women were under-represented in all salary bands with the lowest presence in band F, especially sub-band F-upper. Gender, race, job family and industry have a significant effect on income earned in the study sample.Practical/managerial implications: Government’s efforts seemed to have produced minimal results as women are represented in all job families, industries and salary bands. The pay of men and women in senior and top management levels was similar. However, more still needs to be done to achieve the 50% target representation of women in senior management and close the gap at all levels.Contribution/value-add: The number of women at management levels is still very low when compared to their male counterparts. However, the gender pay gap in senior to top management positions are converging towards similar pay for work of similar value.
Comparison of the Pendulum appliance and the Jones Jig: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Shetty Sushruth , Maurya Rajkumar , Raj H. V. Pruthvi , Patil Anand 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare two molar distalization devices, the Pendulum appliance (PA) and the Jones Jig (JJ) in dental Class II patients. Materials and Methods: Pretreatment and postdistalization lateral cephalograms and study models of 20 subjects (6 males, 14 females) Class II malocclusion subjects were examined. PA and JJ group both consisted of 10 patients each with a mean pretreatment age of 12 years 1 month for females and 12 years 5 months for males. The PA and the JJ appliance were activated once in a month until Class II molar relationship was corrected to a super Class I molar relationship in both groups. Initial and final measurements and treatment changes were compared by means of Paired t-test. Results: Maxillary first molar distalized an average of 3.85 mm in the PA and 2.75 mm in the JJ between T1 and T2; rate of molar distalization was 1.59 mm/month for PA, and the JJ appliance averaged 0.88 mm/month, distal molar tipping was greater in PA (6.2°) than in the JJ (3.9°). Average mesial movement of the premolars was 2.2 mm with PA and JJ both. JJ showed a greater rotation of first molars after distalization as compared to PA. The increase in vertical facial height was also greater for JJ as compared to PA. Conclusions: Both the appliances were effective in molar distalization with PA requiring less distalization time (16 days less than JJ). Some adverse effects were noted with both which one should strive to control.
Role of herpesviruses in chronic periodontitis and their association with clinical parameters and in increasing severity of the disease
Authors: Kazi Mohammad Mukhit Abdul Gaffar , Bharadwaj Renu 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective:This study aims to assess the role of herpesviruses in chronic periodontitis and their association with clinical parameters and in increasing severity. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case–control study. Ethical approval and prior consent were taken. A subgingival plaque sample was collected from a total of 300 patients and 300 controls and processed for DNA extraction and multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpesviruses.Results: The most predominant age group affected was 41–50 followed by 31–40 years and male patients outnumbered the female patients. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 (46.6%) was the most common Herpesvirus followed by HSV-2 (34.6%), Epstein–Barr viruses (EBV) (30.6%), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) (19.3%) in chronic periodontitis. Herpesviruses were significantly associated with increasing severity of the disease and had shown differences in their association with clinical parameters. Multiple herpesvirus infection was seen in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. The most common combination was HSV-1 + HSV-2 and HSV-1 + HSV-2 + EBV. Conclusions: HSV-1 was the most common herpesviruses implicated in the etiology of the chronic periodontitis followed by HSV-2, EBV and CMV. A herpesvirus differs in association with clinical parameters and plays an important role in increasing severity of the disease.
Participation of endotoxin in root canal infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Martinho Frederico Canato , de Rabello Diego Guilherme Dias , Ferreira Luciana Louzada , Nascimento Gustavo Giacomelli 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationship between endotoxin levels and presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features in patients with endodontic infection. Electronic searches were performed on Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scielo, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases for identification of relevant studies published up to December 2016. Grey literature was searched in Google Scholar. The selected literature was reviewed independently by two authors. Clinical studies evaluating the levels of endotoxin and the presence of clinical and radiographic features were included in this review. In order to determine the relationship between endotoxin levels and presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features meta-analyses were performed. Among the 385 articles identified in the initial search, 30 were included for full-text appraisal and only eight studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Meta-analysis revealed that individuals having teeth with tenderness to percussion (TTP) (P = 0.04; I2 57%) and previous episode of pain (PEP) (P = 0.001; I2 81%) had higher levels of endotoxin than their counterparts. Size of radiographic lesion >2 mm (P = 0.02; I2 68%) and presence of root canal exudation (EX) (P = 0.0007; I2 0%) were associated with higher levels of endotoxin. This systematic review and meta-analyses provided a strong evidence that endotoxin are related with the presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features in patients with endodontic infection.
Retrospective study on sequelae in traumatized permanent teeth
Authors: Yamashita Fernanda Chiguti , Previdelli Isolde Terezinha Santos , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita , Endo Marcos Sérgio 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to identify possible associations of the presence or absence of posttrauma sequelae with the factors inherent to the traumatized tooth and treatment. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed through the evaluation of records and radiographs of a center of reference for dental trauma between January 2008 and December 2014. The factors were analyzed and associated with posttrauma sequelae, such as pulp necrosis and root resorption. Statistical Analysis Used: A binomial logistic regression model was fit (P < 0.05). Results: In luxations, it was possible to observe 37% pulp necrosis, 16% inflammatory root resorption, and 8% replacement resorption. The binomial logistic regression revealed that male gender (P = 0.0392, odds ratio [OR] = 2.79), avulsion injury (P = 0.0009, OR = 12.27), and elapsed time >16 days between the time of trauma to the beginning of the endodontic treatment (P = 0.0450, OR = 7.53) showed a greater chance of presenting a posttrauma complication. Conclusions: Gender, type of injury, stage of root development, and time after trauma until the beginning of the endodontic intervention were related to the appearance of sequelae.
Toward resolving the budget discrepancy of ozone-depleting carbon tetrachloride (CCl4): an analysis of top-down emissions from China
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Li Shanlan , Mühle Jens , O'Doherty Simon , Weiss Ray F. , Fang Xuekun , Reimann Stefan , Prinn Ronald G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a first-generation
ozone-depleting substance, and its emissive use and production were globally
banned by the Montreal Protocol with a 2010 phase-out; however, production
and consumption for non-dispersive use as a chemical feedstock and as a
process agent are still allowed. This study uses the high frequency and
magnitude of CCl4 pollution events from an 8-year real-time atmospheric
measurement record obtained at Gosan station (a regional background
monitoring site in East Asia) to present evidence of significant unreported
emissions of CCl4. Top-down emissions of CCl4 amounting to
23.6±7.1 Gg yr−1 from 2011 to 2015 are estimated for China, in
contrast to the most recently reported, post-2010, Chinese bottom-up
emissions of 4.3–5.2 Gg yr−1. The missing emissions
(∼19 Gg yr−1) for China contribute to approximately 54 % of global
CCl4 emissions. It is also shown that 89 %±6 % of CCl4
enhancements observed at Gosan are related to CCl4 emissions from the
production of CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and
C2Cl4 and its usage as a feedstock and process agent in chemical
manufacturing industries. Specific sources and processes are identified
using statistical methods, and it is considered highly unlikely that
CCl4 is emitted by dispersive uses such as old landfills, contaminated
soils and solvent usage. It is thus crucial to implement technical
improvements and better regulation strategies to reduce evaporative losses
of CCl4 occurring at the factory and/or process levels.
Regulation of inorganic carbon acquisition in a red tide alga (Skeletonema costatum): the importance of phosphorus availability
Authors: Gao Guang , Xia Jianrong , Yu Jinlan , Fan Jiale , Zeng Xiaopeng 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Skeletonema costatum is a common bloom-forming diatom and encounters
eutrophication and severe carbon dioxide (CO2) limitation during red
tides. However, little is known regarding the role of phosphorus (P) in
modulating inorganic carbon acquisition in S. costatum, particularly
under CO2 limitation conditions. We cultured S. costatum under
five phosphate levels (0.05, 0.25, 1, 4, 10 µmol L−1) and then
treated it with two CO2 conditions (2.8 and 12.6 µmol L−1)
for 2 h. The lower CO2 reduced net photosynthetic rate at lower
phosphate levels (< 4 µmol L−1) but did not affect it at
higher phosphate levels (4 and 10 µmol L−1). In contrast, the lower
CO2 induced a higher dark respiration rate at lower phosphate levels (0.05
and 0.25 µmol L−1) and did not affect it at higher phosphate levels
(> 1 µmol L−1). The lower CO2 did not change
relative electron transport rate (rETR) at lower phosphate levels (0.05 and
0.25 µmol L−1) and increased it at higher phosphate levels
(> 1 µmol L−1). Photosynthetic CO2 affinity
(1/K0.5) increased with phosphate levels. The lower CO2 did not
affect photosynthetic CO2 affinity at 0.05 µmol L−1 phosphate but enhanced it at the other phosphate levels. Activity of
extracellular carbonic anhydrase was dramatically induced by the lower
CO2 in phosphate-replete conditions (> 0.25 µmol L−1) and the same pattern also occurred for redox activity of the plasma
membrane. Direct bicarbonate (HCO3-) use was induced when phosphate
concentration was more than 1 µmol L−1. These findings indicate P
enrichment could enhance inorganic carbon acquisition and thus maintain the
photosynthesis rate in S. costatum grown under CO2-limiting
conditions via increasing activity of extracellular carbonic anhydrase and
facilitating direct HCO3- use. This study sheds light on how
bloom-forming algae cope with carbon limitation during the development of red
tides.
Een moderne inbeslagneming van voorwerpen
Authors: Nan J.S. 
Published: August 2018

Een moderne inbeslagneming van voorwerpen
Degene ten laste van wie voorwerpen strafvorderlijk in beslag zijn genomen, heeft een bijzondere zwakke positie. Na een vergelijking met het civiele, conservatoire beslag, wordt de nieuwe conceptregeling inzake Modernisering Wetboek van Strafvordering besproken. Daarbij worden verdergaande voorstellen gedaan om de positie van de beslagene c.q. rechthebbende te versterken.
De hulpofficier van justitie ‘nieuwe stijl’ en de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering
Authors: Lindeman J.M.W. 
Published: August 2018

De hulpofficier van justitie ‘nieuwe stijl’ en de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering
De hulpofficier van justitie is een zeer belangrijke figuur in de Nederlandse strafrechtspleging. Ondanks de soms vergaande bevoegdheden van de hulpofficier is er weinig duidelijkheid over de competenties waarover de 4000 Nederlandse hulpofficieren moeten beschikken. Al in 2013 is door minister, politie en OM aangekondigd dat er gewerkt gaat worden aan een officier ‘nieuwe stijl’, met een versterkte rol en gekoppeld aan een nieuwe, betere opleiding. Welke visie aan deze versterking ten grondslag ligt, is echter niet bekend. Desalniettemin wordt ook in de moderniseringsoperatie voor het Wetboek van Strafvordering gezinspeeld op de nieuwe, versterkte positie van de hulpofficier. In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de rol van de hulpofficier en (het gebrek aan) de discussie daarover. Vervolgens worden de plannen voor de versterkte rol van de hulpofficier (voor zover bekend) besproken en worden de in het kader van de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering voorgestelde veranderingen tegen het licht gehouden. Door een gebrek aan (informatie over een) duidelijke visie en een rommelig toegelicht conceptwetsvoorstel is het vooralsnog lastig om enthousiast te worden.
Het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep is dood, leve het verlofstelsel
Authors: Pesselse G. 
Published: August 2018

Het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep is dood, leve het verlofstelsel
Dat het verlofstelsel van artikel 410a Sv wordt afgeschaft, is zo goed als zeker. Vrijwel niemand zal er rouwig om zijn. Met de afschaffing van het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep verdwijnt het fenomeen verlofstelsels in het algemeen echter niet van het toneel. Sterker nog, het in de modernisering voorgestelde gematigde grievenstelsel in hoger beroep draagt de kiemen voor een nieuw verlofstelsel in zich. De vraag is: moet het conceptwetsvoorstel voor Boek 5 van het Wetboek van Strafvordering over rechtsmiddelen worden aangevuld met een nieuw verlofstelsel, nu wél behoorlijk vormgegeven?
Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld
Authors: Meijer S. 
Published: August 2018

Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld
De regeling van de voorlopige hechtenis verandert mogelijk ingrijpend, blijkens het conceptwetsvoorstel tot vaststelling van Boek 2 van het nieuwe Wetboek van Strafvordering. De rechter krijgt ingevolge dit voorstel de mogelijkheid om in plaats van de voorlopige hechtenis de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking te bevelen en de schorsing van de voorlopige hechtenis komt te vervallen. De ultimum remedium-gedachte rechtvaardigt dat gekozen wordt voor een systeem waarin de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking voorop staat. Dat stelsel geniet ook op Europees niveau de voorkeur. De keuze voor dit systeem is evenwel niet geheel zonder risico’s en het vooropstellen van de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking zal de praktijk ook voor nieuwe uitdagingen stellen. In deze bijdrage worden deze risico’s besproken en wordt een aantal aanbevelingen gedaan tot aanpassing van het voorliggende conceptwetsvoorstel.