bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex situ and operando study of LiCoO2 thin films by Raman spectroscopy: Thermal and electrochemical properties
Authors: Le Van‐Jodin Lucie , Rouchon Denis , Le Van‐Hoan , Chevalier Isabelle , Brun Jean , Secouard Christophe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLithiated transition metal oxides are active materials used as positive electrode in lithium ion cells thanks to their high capacity and air stability when. Amongst lithiated oxides, LiCoO2 is the most commonly and practically used due to its high‐specific energy and its excellent cycle life. This work focuses on phase transformation of LiCoO2 thin films during the annealing step and during the cycling life. The formation of unwanted products is highlighted by an innovative method: in situ Raman analysis. During the annealing used to transform the almost amorphous as‐deposited LiCoO2 into the rhombohedral structure useful for electrochemical cycling, the formation of Co3O4 has been observed. The second studied phase transformation is due to the electrochemical cycling and highlights the kinetics of the structure change. The study was done by comparing ex situ and operando results and highlights the main advantages of operando analysis: more data in a shorter time and the ability to assess the time dependence of phenomena.
Rapid acquisition of the 3D MRI gradient impulse response function using a simple phantom measurement
Authors: Rahmer Jürgen , Mazurkewitz Peter , Börnert Peter , Nielsen Tim 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo provide a simple tool for rapid measurement of the 3D gradient modulation transfer function (GMTF) of clinical MRI systems using a phantom. Knowledge of the transfer function is useful for gradient chain characterization, system calibration, and improvement of image reconstruction results.MethodsStarting from the well‐established thin slice method used for phantom‐based measurement of the 1D GMTF, we add phase encoding to partition the thin slices into voxels that act as localized field probes. From the signal phase evolution measured at the 3D voxel positions, the GMTF can be derived for cross and higher order spatial terms represented by spherical harmonics up to 3rd order.ResultsUsing spherical phantoms, 16 GMTFs representing all terms up to 3rd order harmonics can be determined in a scan time of <2 min. A large voxel volume of >1 mL yields high SNR, enabling signal acquisition using the system's body coil. The method is applied for improving system calibration and for characterizing the effect of additional hardware in the bore.ConclusionThe presented method seems well‐suited for rapid measurement of the GMTF of a clinical system, as it delivers high‐quality results in a short scan time.
Addressing the Challenges of High‐Throughput Cancer Tissue Proteomics for Clinical Application: ProCan
Authors: Tully Brett , Balleine Rosemary L. , Hains Peter G. , Zhong Qing , Reddel Roger R. , Robinson Phillip J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe cancer tissue proteome has enormous potential as a source of novel predictive biomarkers in oncology. Progress in the development of mass spectrometry (MS)‐based tissue proteomics now presents an opportunity to exploit this by applying the strategies of comprehensive molecular profiling and big‐data analytics that are refined in other fields of ‘omics research. ProCan (ProCan is a registered trademark) is a program aiming to generate high‐quality tissue proteomic data across a broad spectrum of cancer types. It is based on data‐independent acquisition–MS proteomic analysis of annotated tissue samples sourced through collaboration with expert clinical and cancer research groups. The practical requirements of a high‐throughput translational research program have shaped the approach that ProCan is taking to address challenges in study design, sample preparation, raw data acquisition, and data analysis. The ultimate goal is to establish a large proteomics knowledge‐base that, in combination with other cancer ‘omics data, will accelerate cancer research.
High‐throughput method to analyze tegafur and 5‐fluorouracil in human tears and plasma using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Shiokawa Ritsuko , Lee Xiao‐Pen , Yamada Miho , Fujishiro Masaya , Sakamaki Hiroshi , Hasegawa Chika , Ishida Hiroo , Ikeda Kenichiro , Fujita Ken‐ichi , Iwabuchi Shigehiro , Onda Hidetoshi , Kumazawa Takeshi , Sasaki Yasutsuna , Sato Keizo , Matsuyama Takaaki 
Published: July 2019

RationaleWe developed a new high‐throughput method to analyze tegafur (FT) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in tear and plasma samples using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)/tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).MethodsThe tear samples (10 μL) spiked with FT, 5‐FU, and 5‐chlorouracil (internal standard) were diluted using 40 μL of 2 M ammonium acetate and 250 μL of acetonitrile with 2% formic acid; 20 μL of plasma spiked with the two drugs and internal standard was diluted with 80 μL of 2 M ammonium acetate and 500 μL of acetonitrile with 2% formic acid. After centrifugation, the clear supernatant extract (15 μL) was directly injected into the HILIC/MS/MS instrument, and each drug was separated on a Unison UK‐Amino column (50 mm × 3 mm i.d., 3 μm particle size) with a linear gradient elution system composed of 10 mM ammonium acetate (pH 6.8) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. We performed quantification by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with negative‐ion atmospheric‐pressure chemical ionization.ResultsDistinct peaks were observed for the drugs on each MRM channel within 2 min. The regression equations showed good linearity within the range 0.04–4.0 μg/mL for the tear and plasma samples with detection limits at 0.02–0.04 μg/mL. Recoveries for target analytes (FT and 5‐FU) for the tear and plasma samples were in the 94–128% and 94–104% ranges, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day coefficients of variation for the two drugs were lower than 10.8%. The accuracies of quantitation were 97–115% for both samples.ConclusionsWe established a high‐throughput, reproducible, and practical procedure for analyzing FT and 5‐FU in human tear and plasma samples using HILIC/MS/MS analysis with an aminopropyl‐bonded mixed‐mode separation column. This method can be applied to the high‐throughput routines used in clinical analyses.
CP violation and material interaction of neutral kaons in measurements of the CKM angle γ using B± → DK± decays where D → K0sπ+π−
Authors: Bjørn M. , Malde S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs measurements of the CKM angleγin decays ofb-hadrons become increasingly precise, it is important to consider the impact of processes that affect secondary and tertiary decay products and can contribute to the observedCPviolation. The golden decay mode used to measureγisB→DK, whereD→Ks0π+π−. Due to the presence of aKs0meson in the final state,γmeasurements based on this mode are affected by neutral kaonCPviolation and matter regeneration, and this study examines the potential size of the impact. Previous studies determine the impact of kaonCPviolation to be a few degrees in size, but make simplifying assumptions about how experimental measurements are implemented. These assumptions are lifted in the present study, and the matter regeneration effect is included for the first time. The results are presented within the context ofγmeasurements to be made using the LHCb and Belle II detectors. It is found that the expected biases due to ignoring the effects ofCPviolation and matter regeneration in neutral kaons is small and less than 0.5° degrees in all experimental scenarios considered.
Phase diagram of quasi-static immiscible displacement in disordered porous media
Authors: Hu Ran , Lan Tian , Wei Guan-Ju , Chen Yi-Feng 
Published: July 2019

Immiscible displacement in porous media is common in many practical applications. Under quasi-static conditions, the process is significantly affected by disorder of the porous media and the wettability of the pore surface. Previous studies have focused on wettability effects, but the impact of the interplay between disorder and contact angle is not well understood. Here, we combine microfluidic experiments and pore-scale simulations with theoretical analysis to study the impact of disorder on the quasi-static displacement from weak imbibition to strong drainage. We define the probability of overlap to link the menisci advancements to displacement patterns, and derive a theoretical model to describe the lower and upper bounds of the cross-over zone between compact displacement and capillary fingering for porous media with arbitrary flow geometry at a given disorder. The phase diagram predicted by the theoretical model shows that the cross-over zone, in terms of contact angle range, expands as the disorder increases. The diagram further identifies four zones to elucidate that the impact of disorder depends on wettability. In zone I, increasing disorder destabilizes the patterns, and in zone II, a stabilizing effect plays a role, which is less significant than that in zone I. In the other two zones, invasion morphologies are compact and fingering, respectively, independent of both contact angle and disorder. We evaluate the proposed diagram using pore-scale simulations, experiments in this work and in the literature, confirming that the diagram can capture the effect of disorder on displacement under different wetting conditions. Our work extends the classical phase diagrams and is also of practical significance for engineering applications.
Ozawa's class𝒮for locally compact groups and unique prime factorization of group von Neumann algebras
Authors: Deprez Tobe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe study class𝒮for locally compact groups. We characterize locally compact groups in this class as groups having an amenable action on a boundary that is small at infinity, generalizing a theorem of Ozawa. Using this characterization, we provide new examples of groups in class𝒮and prove a unique prime factorization theorem for group von Neumann algebras of products of locally compact groups in this class. We also prove that class𝒮is a measure equivalence invariant.
Aktuelle Evidenz physiotherapeutischer Maßnahmen bei
Hüftarthrose
Authors: Sperl Angelika , Neubauer Michaela , Wondrasch Barbara 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungHüftarthrose ist eine häufig auftretende degenerative Erkrankung. Aufgrund der
steigenden Lebenserwartung gewinnt sie im Gesundheitsmanagement zunehmend an
Bedeutung.Das Ziel der vorliegenden Literaturstudie war, die wissenschaftliche Evidenz
hinsichtlich der Wirkung der gängigen Therapiemaßnahmen Manuelle Therapie,
Trainingstherapie und eine Kombination beider Maßnahmen aufzuzeigen.Für den effektiven Einsatz von Manueller Therapie und Trainingstherapie ergaben
sich gute Anhaltspunkte. Dagegen blieb der zusätzliche Nutzen einer Kombination
aus beiden Maßnahmen fraglich. Alle Therapiemaßnahmen zeigten eine positive
Wirkung auf Schmerz und Funktion, jedoch nur einen geringen positiven Effekt auf
die Lebensqualität.Für die Therapiewahl und Interventionswirkung ist eine umfassende ICF-basierte
Diagnostik ausschlaggebend. Weitere hüftspezifische Studien sollten dies
zusammen mit patientenspezifischen Charakteristika und dem Erkrankungsstadium
berücksichtigen.
Lemierre-Syndrom im Rahmen einer akuten Sinusitis sphenoidalis
Authors: Stadler Matthias 
Published: July 2019

Fallbeschreibung und klinischer BefundWir berichten über einen 22-jährigen Mann kaukasischer Herkunft, der an unserer Akutambulanz mit Einweisung vom Hausarzt aufgrund eines hochfieberhaften Infekts und Verdacht auf Meningitis vorstellig wurde. Der Patient präsentierte sich verwirrt und lichtempfindlich. Es bestanden immer wieder somnolente Phasen, Fieber konnte bei Novalgin-Einnahme zum Aufnahmezeitpunkt keines gemessen werden. Der Patient war zudem tachypnoisch, es bestand bei der klinisch-neurologischen Untersuchung ein deutlicher Meningismus. Zusätzlich war eine prominente Schwellung des rechten Oberlids ohne nennenswerte Rötung auffällig. Seit vier Tagen wurde eine vom Hausarzt verordnete orale Antibiose (Makrolid) eingenommen. Ansonsten bestanden keinerlei Vorerkrankungen und auch keine Dauermedikation.
Advances in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis lung disease
Authors: Yan Ziying , McCray Jr Paul B , Engelhardt John F 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is a multiorgan recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Gene therapy efforts have focused on treating the lung, since it manifests the most significant life-threatening disease. Over two decades have past since the first CF lung gene therapy trials and significant advances in the therapeutic implementation of pharmacologic CFTR modulators have renewed the field's focus on developing gene therapies for the 10% of CF patients these modulators cannot help. This review summarizes recent progress made in developing vectors for airway transduction and CF animal models required for understanding the relevant cellular targets in the lung and testing the efficacy of gene therapy approaches. We also highlight future opportunities in emerging gene editing strategies that may offer advantages for treating diseases like CF where the gene target is highly regulated at the cellular level. The outcomes of CF lung gene therapy trials will likely inform productive paths toward gene therapy for other complex genetic disorders, while also advancing treatments for all CF patients.
Implementation of Case-Based Surveillance and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction to Monitor Bacterial Meningitis Pathogens in Chad
Authors: Paye Marietou F , Gamougame Kadidja , Payamps Sarah K , Feagins Alicia R , Moto Daugla Doumagoum , Moyengar Ronelngar , Naïbeï Nathan , Vuong Jeni , Diallo Alpha Oumar , Tate Ashley , Soeters Heidi M , Wang Xin , Acyl Mahamat Ali 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) was introduced in Chad during 2011–2012. Meningitis surveillance has been conducted nationwide since 2003, with case-based surveillance (CBS) in select districts from 2012. In 2016, the MenAfriNet consortium supported Chad to implement CBS in 4 additional districts and real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) at the national reference laboratory (NRL) to improve pathogen detection. We describe analysis of bacterial meningitis cases during 3 periods: pre-MACV (2010–2012), pre-MenAfriNet (2013–2015), and post-MenAfriNet (2016–2018).

Methods
National surveillance targeted meningitis cases caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens, inoculated trans-isolate media, and/or isolates from suspected meningitis cases were tested via culture, latex, and/or rt-PCR; confirmed bacterial meningitis was defined by a positive result on any test. We calculated proportion of suspected cases with a specimen received by period, and proportion of specimens with a bacterial meningitis pathogen identified, by period, pathogen, and test.

Results
The NRL received specimens for 6.8% (876/12813), 46.4% (316/681), and 79.1% (787/995) of suspected meningitis cases in 2010–2012, 2013–2015, and 2016–2018, respectively, with a bacterial meningitis pathogen detected in 33.6% (294/876), 27.8% (88/316), and 33.2% (261/787) of tested specimens. The number of N. meningitidis serogroup A (NmA) among confirmed bacterial meningitis cases decreased from 254 (86.4%) during 2010–2012 to 2 (2.3%) during 2013–2015, with zero NmA cases detected after 2014. In contrast, proportional and absolute increases were seen between 2010–2012, 2013–2015, and 2016–2018 in cases caused by S. pneumoniae (5.1% [15/294], 65.9% [58/88], and 52.1% [136/261]), NmX (0.7% [2/294], 1.1% [1/88], and 22.2% [58/261]), and Hib (0.3% [1/294], 11.4% [10/88], and 14.9% [39/261]). Of specimens received at the NRL, proportions tested during the 3 periods were 47.7% (418), 53.2% (168), and 9.0% (71) by latex; 81.4% (713), 98.4% (311), and 93.9% (739) by culture; and 0.0% (0), 0.0% (0), and 90.5% (712) by rt-PCR, respectively. During the post-MenAfriNet period (2016–2018), 86.1% (678) of confirmed cases were tested by both culture and rt-PCR, with 12.5% (85) and 32.4% (220) positive by culture and rt-PCR, respectively.

Conclusions
CBS implementation was associated with increased specimen referral. Increased detection of non-NmA cases could reflect changes in incidence or increased sensitivity of case detection with rt-PCR. Continued surveillance with the use of rt-PCR to monitor changing epidemiology could inform the development of effective vaccination strategies.
Variation of mass accretion rate on to the white dwarf in the dwarf nova VW Hyi in quiescence
Authors: Nakaniwa Nozomi , Hayashi Takayuki , Takeo Mai , Ishida Manabu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We have analysed a series of Suzaku data and one data set of XMM–Newton of the SU UMa type dwarf nova VW Hyi in optical quiescence. The observed spectra in the 0.2–10 keV band are moderately well represented by multitemperature thermal plasma emission models with a maximum temperature of 5–9 keV and bolometric luminosity of (2.4–5.2) × 1030 erg s−1. The mass accretion rate derived from the hard X-ray spectra does not show any clear trend as a function of time since the last superoutburst, in contradiction to theoretical predictions of the disc behaviour of an SU UMa type dwarf nova. The mass accretion rate, on the other hand, shows a clear declining trend with time since the last outburst (including the superoutburst). The rate of decline is of the same order as that evaluated from the hard X-ray light curves of the other two dwarf novae SS Cyg and SU UMa. The standard disc instability model, on the other hand, predicts that the mass accretion rate should increase throughout the optically quiescent phase. We need further observation and theoretical consideration to resolve this discrepancy.
Magnetic inhibition of centrifugal instability
Authors: Komissarov Serguei S , Gourgouliatos Konstantinos N , Matsumoto Jin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Recently, it was shown that the centrifugal instability may be important in the dynamics of astrophysical jets undergoing reconfinement by external pressure. However, these studies were limited to the case of unmagnetized flows. Here, we explore the role of the magnetic field within both the Newtonian and relativistic frameworks. Since the jet problem is rather complicated, we focus instead on the simpler problem of cylindrical rotation and axial magnetic field, which shares significant similarity with the jet problem, and consider only axisymmetric perturbations. The studied equilibrium configurations involve a cylindrical interface and they are stable to non-magnetic centrifugal and magnetorotational instabilities everywhere except this interface. We use a heuristic approach to derive the local stability criterion for the interface in the magnetic case and numerical simulations to verify the role of the magnetic field. The theory and simulations agree quite well for Newtonian models but indicate a potential discrepancy for the relativistic models in the limit of high Lorentz factor of the rotational motion at the interface. In general, the magnetic field sets a critical wavelength below which the centrifugal modes are stabilized. We discuss the implication of our findings for the astrophysical jets, which suggest that the centrifugal instability develops only in jets with relatively low magnetization. Namely, the magnetic pressure has to be below the thermal one and for the relativistic case the jets have to be kinetic-energy dominated.
CtIP is essential for telomere replication
Authors: Stroik Susanna , Kurtz Kevin , Hendrickson Eric A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The maintenance of telomere length is critical to longevity and survival. Specifically, the failure to properly replicate, resect, and/or form appropriate telomeric structures drives telomere shortening and, in turn, genomic instability. The endonuclease CtIP is a DNA repair protein that is well-known to promote genome stability through the resection of endogenous DNA double-stranded breaks. Here, we describe a novel role for CtIP. We show that in the absence of CtIP, human telomeres shorten rapidly to non-viable lengths. This telomere dysfunction results in an accumulation of fusions, breaks, and frank telomere loss. Additionally, CtIP suppresses the generation of circular, extrachromosomal telomeric DNA. These latter structures appear to arise from arrested DNA replication forks that accumulate in the absence of CtIP. Hence, CtIP is required for faithful replication through telomeres via its roles at stalled replication tracts. Our findings demonstrate a new role for CtIP as a protector of human telomere integrity.
Polymorphic G:G mismatches act as hotspots for inducing right-handed Z DNA by DNA intercalation
Authors: Satange Roshan , Chuang Chien-Ying , Neidle Stephen , Hou Ming-Hon 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
DNA mismatches are highly polymorphic and dynamic in nature, albeit poorly characterized structurally. We utilized the antitumour antibiotic CoII(Chro)2 (Chro = chromomycin A3) to stabilize the palindromic duplex d(TTGGCGAA) DNA with two G:G mismatches, allowing X-ray crystallography-based monitoring of mismatch polymorphism. For the first time, the unusual geometry of several G:G mismatches including syn–syn, water mediated anti–syn and syn–syn-like conformations can be simultaneously observed in the crystal structure. The G:G mismatch sites of the d(TTGGCGAA) duplex can also act as a hotspot for the formation of alternative DNA structures with a GC/GA-5′ intercalation site for binding by the GC-selective intercalator actinomycin D (ActiD). Direct intercalation of two ActiD molecules to G:G mismatch sites causes DNA rearrangements, resulting in backbone distortion to form right-handed Z-DNA structures with a single-step sharp kink. Our study provides insights on intercalators-mismatch DNA interactions and a rationale for mismatch interrogation and detection via DNA intercalation.
ANanog-dependent gene cluster initiates the specification of the pluripotent epiblast
Authors: Allègre Nicolas , Chauveau Sabine , Dennis Cynthia , Renaud Yoan , Estrella Lorena Valverde , Pouchin Pierre , Cohen-Tannoudji Michel , Chazaud Claire 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe epiblast (Epi) is the source of embryonic stem (ES) cells and all embryonic tissues. It differentiates alongside the primitive endoderm (PrE) in a randomly distributed “salt and pepper” pattern from the inner cell mass (ICM) during preimplantation of the mammalian embryo. NANOG and GATA6 are key regulators of this binary differentiation event, which is further modulated by heterogeneous FGF signalling. When and how Epi and PrE lineage specification is initiated within the developing embryo is still unclear. Here we generated NANOG and GATA6 double KO (DKO) mouse embryos and performed single-cell expression analyses. We found that the ICM was unable to differentiate in theDKOmice, allowing us to characterize the ICM precursor state. The normally heterogeneous expression ofFgf4between cells was significantly reduced inDKOICMs, impairing FGF signalling. In contrast, several pluripotency markers did still display cell-to-cell expression variability inDKOICMs. This revealed a primary heterogeneity independent of NANOG, GATA6 and FGF signalling that may also be conserved in humans. We found that NANOG is key in the initiation of epiblast specification already between the 16- and 32-cell stages, enabling the cell-clustered expression of many pluripotency genes. Our data uncover previously unknown biology in the early mouse embryo with potential implications for the field of pluripotent stem cells in human and other mammals.