bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenosine Analogues as Opposite Modulators of the Cisplatin Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Bednarska-Szczepaniak Katarzyna , Krzyżanowski Damian , Klink Magdalena , Nowak Marek 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Adenosine released by cancer cells in high amounts in the tumour microenvironment is
one of the main immunosuppressive agents responsible for the escape of cancer cells from immunological
control. Blocking adenosine receptors with adenosine analogues and restoring immune cell activity is one of the
methods considered to increase the effectiveness of anticancer therapy. However, their direct effects on cancer
cell biology remain unclear. Here, we determined the effect of adenosine analogues on the response of cisplatinsensitive
and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment.

Methods:
The effects of PSB 36, DPCPX, SCH58261, ZM 241385, PSB603 and PSB 36 on cisplatin
cytotoxicity were determined against A2780 and A2780cis cell lines. Quantification of the synergism/
antagonism of the compounds cytotoxicity was performed and their effects on the cell cycle, apoptosis/necrosis
events and cisplatin incorporation in cancer cells were determined.

Results:
PSB 36, an A1 receptor antagonist, sensitized cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin from
low to high micromolar concentrations. In contrast to PSB 36, the A2AR antagonist ZM 241385 had the
opposite effect and reduced the influence of cisplatin on cancer cells, increasing their resistance to cisplatin
cytotoxicity, decreasing cisplatin uptake, inhibiting cisplatin-induced cell cycle arrest, and partly restoring
mitochondrial and plasma membrane potentials that were disturbed by cisplatin.

Conclusion:
Adenosine analogues can modulate considerable sensitivity to cisplatin of ovarian cancer cells
resistant to cisplatin. The possible direct beneficial or adverse effects of adenosine analogues on cancer cell
biology should be considered in the context of supportive chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.
Hydroxyenone Derivatives: In vitro Anti-malarial and Docking Studies against P. falciparum
Authors: Dalal Aarti , Kumar Parvin , Khanna Radhika , Kumar Dinesh , Paliwal Deepika , Kamboj Ramesh C. 
Published: January 2019

Methods:A series of 1-2-(prop-2-ynyloxy)aryl-3-hydroxy-3-(4'-trifluoromethylphenyl) prop-2-en-1-ones obtained by photo-irradiation of 2-2-(prop-2-ynyloxy)benzoyl-3-(4- trifluorome-thyl-phenyl)oxiranes (that were characterized by spectral studies: FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass analysis) was screened for the anti-malarial activity by evaluating against chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum (CD7). The molecular docking studies using AutoDock Vina were also performed to further ascertain the efficacy of these compounds with PDB:4ORM.Results:Among these, the hydroxyenone derivatives 2b, 2c and 2a exhibited very potent antimalarial activity that was clearly evinced by the results of molecular docking. Binding energies of hydroxyenone compounds were calculated and found in the range of -10.4 to -9.0 kcal/mol.Conclusion:Compound 2b had the strongest binding affinity with docking score of -10.4 kcal/mol.
Biological Activities of Carlina Oxide Isolated from the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus
Authors: Mami Imane Rihab , Belabbes Rania , Amine Dib Mohammed El , Tabti Boufeldja , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Carthamus caeruleus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The roots are traditionally
used as healing agents. They help to heal burns and treat skin diseases. They are also used
against joint inflammation and are very effective against diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome
for cancer patients.

Objectives:
The purpose of this work was i) to study the chemical composition of i) the essential oil
and hydrosol extract of Carthamus caeruleus, ii) to isolate the major component of both extracts
and iii) to evaluate their antioxidant, antifungal and insecticidal activities.

Methods:
The essential oil and hydrosol extract obtained from the roots were studied by GC and
GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using two different methods i) Radical scavenging
activity (DPPH) and ii) the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a
positive control. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oil and Carlina oxide was investigated
against plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of C. caeruleus essential oil besides Carlina oxide
was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly.

Results:
The essential oil and hydrosol extract were mainly represented by acetylenic compounds
such as carline oxide and 13-methoxy carline oxide. Carlina oxide was isolated and identified by 1H
and 13C NMR spectroscopic means. The results showed that Carlina oxide presented interesting antioxidant
and antifungal properties, while C. caeruleus root essential oil had better insecticidal activity.
Furthermore, Carlina oxide has demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal activity to control infection
of apples by Penicillium expansum.

Conclusion:
Carlina oxide can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical
fungicides to protect stored apple against Penicillium expansum.
El estado de la macroeconomía
Authors: Rochon y Sergio Rossi Louis-Philippe 
Published: January 2019

<p align="right">“We have involved ourselves in a colossal muddle, having blundered in the control of a delicate machine, the working of which we do not understand. The result is that our possibilities of wealth may run to waste for a time –perhaps for a long time.”</p><p align="right">(Keynes)</p><p> </p><p>Este ensayo examina de cerca esta llamada "guerra civil", y si conlleva a alguna consecuencia para el desarrollo futuro de la macroeconomía, o si es solo una tormenta de microfundamentos en una tetera. Al hacerlo, se argumenta que si bien la crítica disidente es ciertamente bienvenida desde una perspectiva poskeynesiana, no equivale al rechazo del pensamiento o modelos actuales, sino a algunos ajustes alrededor de los bordes.</p><p> </p><div><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p> </p></div></div>
Igualdad de género en los modelos de bienestar de la Unión Europea
Authors: Vara y  Violeta De Vera María Jesús 
Published: January 2019

<p align="right"> </p><p>Los indicadores de desigualdad de género elaborados por organismos internacionales permiten distinguir situaciones muy evidentes entre economías con estructuras productivas y niveles de desarrollo muy diferentes. Pero, resultan menos útiles cuando la comparación se realiza sobre países más homogéneos, como los de la Unión Europea (UE). El índice de Igualdad de Género (GEI) de la UE se ha construido con la intención de conocer en detalle las causas de la desigualdad de género de esa zona y, de esa manera, implementar políticas mejor dirigidas hacia su disminución.</p><p>En este artículo se conecta la evolución de dicho índice a lo largo del período en el que hasta ahora se ha calculado, 2005-2015, con la gama de modelos de bienestar presentes en la organización socioeconómica de los países de la UE.<strong></strong></p><p> </p><div><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p> </p></div></div>
La gran recesión 2007-2009 e impacto en las remesas en México
Authors: Zamora y  Selene Gaspar Olvera Rodolfo García 
Published: January 2019

<p align="right"> </p><p>Este trabajo examina la evolución de las remesas del periodo 2000-2017 a la luz de la gran recesión económica acontecida a finales de 2007 y que de acuerdo con el Departamento de Estadísticas de Estados Unidos duró hasta junio de 2009, sus repercusiones con relación al empleo de los mexicanos en Estados Unidos y en el envío de remesas a México; la importancia de las remesas, aun en tiempos de contracción económica, como fuente de divisas a nivel nacional, estatal, regional y municipal. Las remesas disminuyen los impactos negativos en otras fuentes de divisas en contracción económica y son un alivio temporal en la reducción de la pobreza, pero genera vulnerabi-lidad ante sus fluctuaciones.</p><p> </p><div><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p> </p></div></div>
Litigation Risk and Voluntary Disclosure: Evidence from Legal Changes
Authors: Houston Joel F. , Lin Chen , Liu Sibo , Wei Lai 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper documents that changes in litigation risk affect corporate voluntary disclosure practices. We make causal inferences by exploiting three legal events that generate exogenous variations in firms' litigation risk. Using a matching-based fixed-effect difference-in-differences design, we find that the treated firms tend to make fewer (more) management earnings forecasts relative to the control firms when they expect litigation risk to be lower (higher) following the legal event. The results are concentrated on the earnings forecasts conveying negative news and are robust to alternative specifications, samples, and outcome variables.
JEL Classifications: D80; G14; K22; K41; M41.
Large Shareholder Incentives and Auditor Choice
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Ye Kangtao , Cui Yijing , Zang Wenjiao 
Published: January 2019

SUMMARY
This study investigates the impact of large shareholder incentives on firms' auditor choice using a quasi-natural experiment setting provided by the split share structure reform in China. The reform converted the previously non-tradable shares held by large shareholders into tradable shares and thus enhanced the alignment of large shareholders' and outside investors' interests. We find that firms switch from large auditors to small auditors following the completion of the reform. The results are robust to the audit firm merging effect and the firm fixed effects. Further analyses reveal that the effect is more pronounced in firms with greater agency costs prior to the reform and in firms located in a weak legal environment. Taken together, these results suggest that a reduction in conflicts between large shareholders and outside investors leads to a declining demand for high-quality audits.
JEL Classifications: M42; G34.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
The Consequences of Providing Lower-Quality Audits at the Engagement Partner Level
Authors: Chi Wuchun , Lisic Ling Lei , Myers Linda A. , Pevzner Mikhail , Seidel Timothy A. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Using data from Taiwan, where a long history of engagement partner performance is available, we examine the reputational consequences that engagement partners suffer for having a recent history of past audit failures. We find that when an engagement partner's recent history of poor audit quality is observable to audit clients, they are more likely to lose clients and are less likely to be reassigned to serve other clients of the audit firm over the next five years. We also find that these engagement partners are more likely to stop serving as engagement partners in the next five years, and those who remain in client service experience a reallocation of assignments. Additionally, the clients that these partners continue to serve exhibit increased risk. Overall, our findings suggest that an engagement partner's prior audit quality influences clients' and audit firms' engagement partner selection.
Endocrine disruptors: General characteristics, chemical nature and mechanisms of action. A review.
Authors: Eva Chmelíková , Markéta Sedmíková , Michal Ješeta , David Němeček 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Over recent decades, different types of industrially manufactured chemicals have become widespread environmental contaminants with potential to interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding or elimination of natural hormones in the body. These chemical substances were named endocrine disruptors (EDs). The main route of exposure to EDs is the ingestion of contaminated food and water. EDs are very dangerous, because they have long half-life, stay present in the environment for years and may concentrate at great distances from the site where were produced. The group of EDs is heterogeneous and contains industrial lubricants, solvents, plastics, plasticizers, pesticides, fungicides, drugs, but also natural chemicals. The mechanisms of EDs action are difficult to predict, many substances act by interfering with the estrogen receptors (ER), androgen receptor (AR), thyroid receptors (TRs) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but they can also influence hormone synthesis or can have effect on epigenetic mechanisms. Further research is necessary to improve knowledge about EDs and their metabolites, and to identify endocrine-disruptive potential of chemicals, those replacing current EDs before they are widely distributed.
Epithelium morphogenesis and oviduct development are regulated by significant increase of expression of genes after long-term in vitro primary culture – a microarray assays
Authors: Stefańska Katarzyna , Chamier-Gliszczyńska Agata , Jankowski Maurycy , Celichowski Piotr , Kulus Magdalena , Rojewska Magdalena , Antosik Paweł , Bukowska Dorota , Bruska Małgorzata , Nowicki Michał , Kempisty Bartosz , Jeseta Michal , Zakova Jana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The correct oviductal development and morphogenesis of its epithelium are crucial factors influencing female fertility. Oviduct is involved in maintaining an optimal environment for gametes and preimplantation embryo development; secretory oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) synthesize components of oviductal fluid. Oviductal epithelium also participates in sperm binding and its hyperactivation. For better understanding of the genetic bases that underlay porcine oviductal development, OECs were isolated from porcine oviducts and established long-term primary culture. A microarray approach was utilized to determine the differentially expressed genes during specific time periods. Cells were harvested on day 7, 15 and 30 of in vitro primary culture and their RNA was isolated. Gene expression was analyzed and statistical analysis was performed. 48 differentially expressed genes belonging to “tube morphogenesis”, “tube development”, “morphogenesis of an epithelium”, “morphogenesis of branching structure” and “morphogenesis of branching epithelium” GO BP terms were selected, of which 10 most upregulated include BMP4, ARG1, SLIT2, FGFR1, DAB2, TNC, EPAS1, HHEX, ITGB3 and LOX. The results help to shed light on the porcine oviductal development and its epithelial morphogenesis, and show that after long-term culture the OECs still proliferate and maintain their tube forming properties.
Total Mineralization of Malachite Green Dye by Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Mirila Diana Carmen , Pîrvan Mădălina-Ștefania , Platon Nicoleta , Georgescu Ana-Maria , Zichil Valentin , Nistor Ileana Denisa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this work, the advanced decomposition of organic dyestuffs used in food and textile industry, such as Malachite Green (MG), was investigated in the presence of a cationic catalyst montmorillonite (P1-PILCs) prepared by ion-exchange method. The obtained material was characterized by BET, FTIR and XRD. The effects of different variables such as: catalyst dose, catalyst/ozone dose, ozonation time and the pH on the mineralization of the synthetic dye were studied and optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Compared with simple ozonation, the introduction of the catalyst greatly reduces the duration of the process to reach over 95% yield from 110 minutes to some seconds.
Surface Modification of Olive Stone Waste for Enhanced Sorption Properties of Cadmium and Lead Ions
Authors: Belalia Mahmoud , Bendjelloul Meriem , Aziz Abdallah , Elandaloussi El Hadj 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of an efficient anionic olive stone waste-based material as new ion-exchanger adsorbent. The olive stone waste was subjected to an alkaline pretreatment in order to enhance their reactivity towards maleic anhydride. The maleate-derived material MOS was characterized by FTIR, 13C NMR, TGA and DSC. The resulting sodium form of material NaMOS was subjected to batch experiments in order to evaluate its cadmium and lead removal efficiency. Adsorption experimental data showed a uniform and rapid process. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were found to fit adequately the equilibrium isotherm data. The sorption capacities reached 240.96 mg Cd g−1 and 127.38 mg Pb g−1. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the process was exothermic and the adsorption occurred spontaneously. The desorption experiments show a quantitative recovery of the metal ions from NaMOS material.
The Properties of Immobilized Invertase Onto a New Support Material; Poly(Methacrylamide/Maleic Acid) Copolymeric Hydrogel
Authors: Öztop Hesna Nursevin , Çatmaz Fatma Banu , Saraydin Dursun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Poly (methacrylamide / maleic acid) PM/MA and poly (methacrylamide) PM hydrogels were prepared aiming to be used as a support for invertase. Spectrophotometric, thermal analysis methods, swelling and diffusion experiments were used for the characterization of hydrogels. The swelling of PM/MA was higher than that of PM in water. The diffusion of water within the hydrogel was found to be non-Fickian. Invertase was immobilized onto PM and PM/MA (samples named PM-I and PM/MA-I respectively). The optimum pH values were found to be; 6.0, 5.0 and 5.5 for free invertase, PM-I and PM/MA-I respectively. The optimum temperature values were found to be 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C for free invertase, PM-I and PM/MA-I respectively. The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum velocity of the enzymes (Vmax) were Km: 11,75 mM, Vmax: 1,95 μmol min−1 for free invertase, Km: 67,24 mM, Vmax: 60,6 μmol min−1 for PM-I and Km: 74,55 mM, Vmax: 18,12 μmol min−1 for PM/MA-I. PM/MA-I showed excellent thermal, operational and storage stability.
A New Fuel-Injection Mechatronic Control Method for Direct-Injection Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Tutaj Józef , Fijałkowski Bogdan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a novel fuel-injection mechatronic control method and system for direct injection (DI) internal combustion engines (ICE) is proposed. This method and system is based on the energy saving in a capacitance using DC-DC converter, giving a very fast ON state of the fuel injectors’ electro-magnetic fluidical valves without an application of the initial load current. A fuel-injection controller for the DI ICEs that provides a very short rising time of an electromagnet-winding current in an initial ON state of the fuel-injector’s electromagnetic fluidical valves, which improves a fuel-injection controller reliability and simplify its construction, is presented. Due to a number of advantages of afore -mentioned fuel-injection mechatronic control method and system, it may be utilised for the DI ICEs with fuel injectors dedicated to all types of liquid and/or gas fuels, for example, gasoline, diesel-oil, alkohol, LPG and NPG.
Crossing Axes of Workpiece and Tool at Grinding of the Circular Trough with Variable Profile
Authors: Kalchenko Volodimyr , Yeroshenko Andrij , Boyko Sergiy 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In the article the method of grinding with crossed axes of the tool and the workpiece got further developed. The work discloses a method of processing details having an external surface with a profile in the form of an arc of a circle of variable radius (for example, rolls of pipe rolling mills). The particular three-dimensional geometric models of the processing, shaping and profiling of abrasive wheels have been developed. A method for controlling the grinding process, which ensures the removal of allowances along equidistant curves has been offered. The developed method of grinding provides a constant depth of cutting according to the coordinate of profile processing. This is achieved at the expense of the synchronous inclination of the wheel and its insertion by the size of the allowance. The diameter of grinding wheel affects on the maximum angle of orientation of the wheel has been proven. It has been shown that increasing the diameter of the abrasive wheel has led to a slight decrease in value orientation angle.
Cognitive Competences of English Language Teachers and Their Impact on Use of Teaching Methods with Learners at Lower Secondary School
Authors: Harťanská Jana , Muchálová Zuzana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
The paper discusses the term cognitive competence of foreign language teachers and focuses on their application in practice. It also deals with possible impact of cognitive competences on choice of teaching methods. The paper identifies a list of the cognitive competences which are both expected and needed when conducting English lessons.

Methods:
For the purposes of the survey, the qualitative method of direct observation was chosen. To maximise valid information about the taught lesson, identical observation and self-evaluation sheets had to be designed first. The findings are analysed, compared, and conclusions drawn for school practice.

Results:
The survey data show which cognitive competences the teachers of English language use the most and the least when the teaching of pre-intermediate learners from two grades was observed at lower secondary school. The main findings also highlight the necessity of using a wider variety of more up-to date teaching methods and approaches suitable for both target grades of learners, in contrast to still prevailing traditional ones.

Discussion:
It needs to be admitted that the authors of this paper are not aware of works which deal with similar research of cognitive competences. Though many authors write about social, key and teaching competences in general, cognitive competences are still a kind of Pandora’s box. It is recommended both that deeper research be undertaken in this field and that teachers pay more attention not only to relevant theoretical knowledge within, for example, courses of continual professional development, but also to the impact on their learners’ performance of the cognitive competences being used.

Limitations:
The authors are aware of the limited number of observed lessons due to objective reasons such as the reluctance of some teachers to participate in the survey. The survey sample of four observed lessons is too small to enable definitive, generalisable statements to be made about the use of cognitive competences and the appropriateness of teaching methods. Additional, observed lessons would yield more valuable and valid results.

Conclusion:
The survey proves that cognitive competences are a necessary part of teachers’ personalities and abilities and their usage can depend on the proficiency level of learners of English language. The authors assert that the topic of cognitive competences and their impact in foreign language teaching has still not been explored in detail. It is an interesting area involving active metacognitive and cognitive functions influenced by many factors which tend to change according to the teacher’s historical context. This idiographic survey for the purposes of a graduation thesis carried out in a small town school can be regarded as a modest contribution to the topic.
Comparative Study of Liposoluble Vitamins and Fatty Acids from Sea Buckthorn Oil, Wheat Germ Oil and Fish Oil
Authors: Crăciun Isabela 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
An important role in human nutrition is played by fats, both of plant and animal origin. Fats are a category of foods rich in liposoluble vitamins and fatty acids. They are widely used in nutrition, in cosmetics, in the content of creams as well as in pharmaceutical products, in the form of dietary supplements, such as capsules with oils rich in fatty acids and the addition of liposoluble vitamins. The objective of this paper was to study the content in vitamins and fatty oils of two vegetable oils (wheat germ and sea buckthorn oils) and an animal oil (fish oil). The results show that these oils are rich in liposoluble vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids. Hence, these oils can be used successfully in daily nutrition as substitutes for synthetic vitamins.