bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of the Meltblowing Process
Authors: Yin Hong , Yan Zanyao , Bresee Randall R. 
Published: November 2018

High-speed digital imaging techniques and web measurements were used to investigate the meltblowing (MB) process. We evaluated fiber diameter, fiber orientation, fiber entanglement, fiber velocity and fiber acceleration between the die and collector. Three processing variables were studied: primary air pressure, die-to-collector distance and collector surface speed. Although results of this investigation are somewhat preliminary, they provide fundamental information about the MB process and increase our understanding of it. Introduction Meltblowing (MB) is a fast, chaotic and complicated process. These features make it difficult to study the MB process theoretically as well as experimentally and most researchers have simply studied the effects of resin and process variables on web structure or web properties. Some researchers, however, have reported on-line measurements during MB [1–9]. Bansal and Shambaugh measured fiber temperature during single-hole MB using an infrared camera [1]. Wu and Shambaugh measured fiber velocity using laser Doppler velocimetry during single-hole MB [2]. Shambaugh and others reported experimental measurements of fiber motion and fiber diameter using a single-hole die [1–7]. Multiple-exposed photographs using conventional film were produced with a strobe light in a dark room to study fiber motion and single-exposed photographs were used to estimate fiber diameter. The exposure duration of the strobe light (50 μs), however, was not short enough to eliminate image blur and obtain sharp images so the primary air velocity used during MB was low (17–55 m/s). Milligan and Utsman used a similar film-based photographic technique to investigate MB using a 30-hole die [8]. Bresee and Yan used a video imaging technique to investigate the dynamics of web formation at the collector of a 600-hole MB line [9]. Measurements of the dynamics between the die and collector of a high-speed commercial-like MB process would be expected to be especially desirable for understanding MB. To directly observe dynamic motions during this fast process, it is necessary to use a short exposure time to freeze motion in each image and a high framing rate to resolve fast fiber motions. We used a high-speed digital camera from Vision Research Inc. to acquire images as rapidly as 1,000 frames/s. The camera produced image frames with a spatial resolution as great as 512×512 pixels and 8-bit gray level resolution (256 gray levels). Electronic shuttering of the camera provided exposure times as short as 50 μs/frame. To obtain exposure times shorter than 50 μs or to obtain multiple-exposed images, a high-speed pulsed laser from Oxford Lasers, Inc. was used for illumination. The laser produced 100 watt peak power at 805 nm and pulse durations as short as 1 μs were synchronized with the camera.
Development of Thermal Insulation for Textile Wet Processing Machinery Using Needlepunched Nonwoven Fabrics
Authors: Grewal Randeep S. , Banks-Lee Pamela 
Published: November 2018

In textile manufacturing, many fiber manufacturing, dyeing and finishing processes require temperatures in the range of 100oC to 200oC. A substantial amount of energy is needed to produce the desired temperature, and part of this energy is wasted when heat from the process escapes to the environment. Many of the processes are batch processes requiring frequent reheating and restarting. Most process equipment is constructed from stainless steel, which is a good conductor of heat. In addition to this, because of the cost involved in installation and regular maintenance of insulation, many manufacturers do not insulate their process equipment. The heat and moisture loss to the environment makes the manufacturing facilities environmentally uncomfortable for employees. This reduces their productivity and is a health risk. Due to the energy wasted in the textile wet processing industry, there is a need to develop suitable insulating materials specifically for these applications. For commercial applications, both the cost of the insulating material as well as its effectiveness, ease of installation and durability are important. Needlepunched fabrics have the potential to meet these demands [1]. Since low density needled felts with good heat blocking capacity can be made from durable fibers, they are ideal for heat insulation applications [1,2]. This research focuses on identifying suitable fibers and the manufacturing technology which will yield the desired results. After testing of prepared samples, the data was analyzed to determine the fabric and fiber parameters which influence heat transfer. An economic analysis was also conducted to optimize both cost and effectiveness. The important factors contributing to the transfer of heat through needlepunched nonwoven fabrics were found to be the bulk density of the batt and the surface area of the fibers. Incorporation of low denier fibers (meltblown web) in the needlepunched structure led to a significant decrease in the apparent thermal conductivity of the batt. A cost analysis of this insulation (incorporating the meltblown web) determined the optimum thickness of such an insulation to be 10.1 mm.
Histopathologic Features of Chronic Sinusitis Precipitated by Odontogenic Infection
Authors: Raman Anish , Papagiannopoulos Peter , Kuhar Hannah N. , Gattuso Paolo , Batra Pete S. , Tajudeen Bobby A. 
Published: November 2018

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease process that can arise in the context of odontogenic disease from the maxillary teeth. The histopathologic features of odontogenic CRS (CRSo) have yet to be determined and may have important implications on disease management and need for escalation of therapy. Objectives The objectives of this study are to characterize the histopathologic features of CRSo and determine whether the inflammatory profile of CRSo contributes to its recalcitrance to medical therapy and need for surgery in a subset of patients with this disease. Methods A structured histopathology report was used to analyze sinus tissue removed during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Histopathology variables, Lund–Mackay scores (LMS), and Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 scores were compared among CRSo patients, CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) patients, and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients. Results Twenty-three CRSo, 38 CRSwNP, and 53 CRSsNP patients who underwent FESS were analyzed. Compared to CRSsNP, CRSo exhibited increased moderate–severe inflammation (73.9% vs 41.5%, P < .009). Compared to CRSwNP, CRSo had decreased squamous metaplasia (0.0% vs 18.4%, P < .03) and decreased fibrosis (26.1% vs 63.2%, P < .005). Eosinophilia was prevalent in CRSo but to a lesser extent than in CRSwNP (39.1% vs 63.2%, P < .05). CRSo cases had significantly lower mean LMS compared to CRSwNP (7.83 ± 2.77 vs12.18 ± 6.77, P < .005). Conclusion CRSo exhibits histopathologic features similar to those of CRSsNP with more severe inflammation. Moreover, eosinophilia, which is not typically considered to coexist with CRSo, was present in a large portion of CRSo patients. These findings may help explain at the inflammatory level why select cases of CRSo may be recalcitrant to medical and dental therapy.
Parametrial endometriosis with ureteral involvement: A case report of a conservative approach without ureteral resection
Authors: Donarini Paolo , Ciravolo Giuseppe , Rampinelli Fabio , Odicino Franco , Ferrari Federico Giorgio , Sartori Enrico 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Parametrial endometriosis could often involve the ureter and periureteral tissue causing hydronephrosis and distortion of the normal ureteral course and position. The treatment in the case of hydronephrosis could be ureterolysis (with or without the positioning of a stent) or a ureteral resection. Materials and methods: This is the case of left parametrial endometriosis with hydronephrosis in a young woman. The preoperative work-up showed a deep infiltrating endometriosis of the left parametria, the left uterosacral ligament, and the left ureter which caused hydronephrosis. The patient was symptomatic (dysmenorrhea, dysuria, and pelvic pain). In this video, we focused on ureterolysis: all the endometriotic tissues were removed, the ureter was completely released, and the decision was to place a stent in the ureter without ureteral resection. Results: The post-operative course was normal, the stent was changed after 1 week (from mono-J to double-J) and removed 1 month after surgery. Follow-up at 3 and 8 months after stent removal was normal, and renal function was normal. The last follow-up, after 13 months, showed no hydronephrosis, no signs of deep infiltrating endometriosis, and normal renal function. The patient continues with oral contraception. Conclusion: Ureterolysis could be an effective alternative to ureteral resection in cases of deep infiltrating endometriosis even when the ureter is involved with hydronephrosis.
Antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance in Poland; findings and implications
Authors: Wojkowska-Mach Jadwiga , Godman Brian , Glassman Amanda , Kurdi Amanj , Pilc Andrzej , Rozanska Anna , Skoczyński Szymon , Wałaszek Marta , Bochenek Tomasz 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background
The problem of inappropriate use of antibiotics and the resulting growth in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has implications for Poland and the world. The objective of this paper was to compare and contrast antibiotic resistance and antibiotic utilisation in Poland in recent years versus other European countries, including agreed quality indicators, alongside current AMR patterns and ongoing policies and initiatives in Poland to influence and improve antibiotic prescribing.

Methods
A quantitative ten-year analysis (2007–2016) of the use of antibiotics based on European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) data combined with a literature review on AMR rates and antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.

Results
The system of monitoring AMR and appropriate strategies to address AMR rates remain underdeveloped in Poland. The role of microbiological diagnostics and efforts to prevent infections is currently underestimated by physicians. Overall, Poland had one of the highest rates of total consumption of antibiotics in the analysed European countries. Total consumption of antibacterials for systemic use and relative consumption of beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins were characterized by small but statistically significant average annual increases between 2007 and 2016 (from 22.2 DIDs to 23.9 DIDs and from 0.8 to 1.3%, respectively).

Conclusions
The integrated activities around appropriate antibiotic prescribing in the pre- and post-graduate training of physicians and dentists seem to be particularly important, as well as changes in policies on prescribing antibiotics within ambulatory care. AMR and appropriate prescribing of antibiotics should be the focus of health policy actions in Poland.
Establishing an Antifungal Program to Reduce Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Induction and Reinduction Chemotherapy
Authors: Morris Amy L. , Naeem Mohammed , Murray Torey , Sen Jeremy , Thomas Tanya , Daniels Elizabeth , DeGregory Kathlene , Lewis Jessica , Keng Michael 
Published: November 2018

Purpose: Twenty percent of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing induction or reinduction chemotherapy at the University of Virginia Health System from May 2011 to August 2014 had a proven or probable invasive fungal infection (IFI). The purpose of our initiative was to reduce the percentage of proven or probable IFIs in patients with AML undergoing induction or reinduction chemotherapy at the University of Virginia Health System to 10% or less by June 2017, in concordance with national averages. Methods: A multidisciplinary team was formed to lead the comprehensive quality improvement (QI) initiative. The team generated both current process state and ideal process state workflow diagrams, a cause-and-effect diagram, and a Pareto diagram to determine the most relevant etiology for proven or probable IFIs in patients with AML undergoing induction or reinduction chemotherapy. Results: Analysis led to the creation of a program standardizing antifungal prophylaxis in this patient population, along with a suggested work-up for recalcitrant fevers. Through two tests of change (Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles 1 and 2), the QI initiative was able to effectively reduce the proven or probable IFI rate to 0% since program implementation in August 2016, thus surpassing both QI initiative goals and national rates of IFI. Mean length of stay (LOS) decreased by 3.4 days, and median intensive care unit LOS decreased by 2 days. Conclusion: Creation of a standardized antifungal prophylaxis program led to a marked decrease in LOS and the proven or probable IFI rate of patients with AML undergoing induction or reinduction chemotherapy.
A Joint Vehicle Routing and Speed Optimization Problem
Authors: Fukasawa Ricardo , He Qie , Santos Fernando , Song Yongjia 
Published: November 2018

Classic vehicle routing models usually treat fuel cost as input data, but fuel consumption heavily depends on the travel speed, which leads to the study of optimizing speeds over a route to improve fuel efficiency. In this paper, we propose a joint vehicle routing and speed optimization problem to minimize the total operating cost including fuel cost. The only assumption made on the dependence between fuel cost and travel speed is that it is a strictly convex differentiable function. This problem is very challenging, with medium-sized instances already difficult for a general mixed-integer convex optimization solver. We propose a novel set-partitioning formulation and a branch-cut-and-price algorithm to solve this problem. We introduce new dominance rules for the labeling algorithm so that the pricing problem can be solved efficiently. Our algorithm clearly outperforms the off-the-shelf optimization solver, and is able to solve some benchmark instances to optimality for the first time. The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0810 .
The Influence of TGF-β3, EGF, and BGN on SOX9 and RUNX2 Expression in Human Chondrogenic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Janssen Jerome Nicolas , Batschkus Sarah , Schimmel Stefan , Bode Christa , Schminke Boris , Miosge Nicolai 
Published: November 2018

Summary Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint disease and leads to the degradation of the extracellular matrix by an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. TGF-β3 (transforming growth factor beta-3) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) influence the osteochondrogenic potential of chondrocytes. In this study, we compared the expression of mediators and receptors in the TGF-β3 and EGF pathways, as well as biglycan (BGN), in healthy and diseased chondrocytes. Furthermore, we used chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) for in vitro stimulation and knockdown experiments to elucidate the effects of TGF-β3 and EGF on the chondrogenic potential. Our results demonstrate that the expression of TGF-beta receptor type-1 (TGFBRI) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is altered in diseased chondrocytes as well as in CPCs. Moreover, TGF-β3 and EGF stimulation influenced the expression levels of BGN, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in CPCs. Therefore, changes in TGFBRI and EGFR expression likely contribute to the degenerative and regenerative effects seen in late stages of OA.
Watching Game of Thrones in India: Notes on programme culture, television and YouTube
Authors: George Susan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Network programme viewing culture, though only three decades old in India, has now evolved to include digital platforms, embracing the revolutionary potential of Internet video and YouTube in particular. Questions of transcience, newness, instantaneity and physical presence lose their centrality in the digitalized domain where all viewing consumption is in the past, and temporal cultures of collective or individual viewing, collective remembering and individual creative production have been radically transformed. This overview of the move from television to Internet and the changing techne of video programming, uses HBO’s Game of Thrones viewership in India as an illustration of urban new media practices.
At the limit of the personal: The Kashmir conflict via explorations in the ethical space of film
Authors: Kramer Max 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article is a critical appreciation of the often misunderstood and controversial filmmaker Ajay Raina, who frequently finds himself at a discursive crossfire, being criticized by both Hindu and Kashmiri nationalists. Through a discussion of Raina’s three Kashmir-related documentary films, I will indicate the limits of the personal film as a challenge to official or hegemonic conflict narratives. The analysis focuses on the mediation of exile narratives, conflict testimony and visual evidence in the ethical space of film. I will argue that, through ethical protocols of film production and the vérité-form, Raina opens a complex space for the negotiation of conflict narratives. These openings are, however, under threat of ideological closure because of attempts to anchor the audio-visual testimony through his personal voice-over and a narrative of secular nationalism. Finally, I am drawing on the concept of embodied memory to better understand these ambiguous moments when his intentions are crossed by divergent readings from different audiences.
Autonomous eMotorsports racing games: Emerging practices as speculative fictions
Authors: Scacchi Walt 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Motorsports games and simulated automobile racing occupy a dynamic genre of computer games for entertaining play, critical game studies and ‘auto-play’. This article utilizes the lens of speculative design to present six scenarios that seek to motivate the design of autonomous eMotorsports games and play experiences through alternative design fictions. These fictions serve to help identify and tease out how different socio-technical configurations emerging around autonomous vehicles, motorsports games, sim racing user interfaces and user experiences, embrace or exclude different stakeholders. These stakeholders can shape how autonomous eMotorsports games, game play and game viewing will emerge and prosper. These fictions also serve as a narrative web of possible socio-technical configurations open to critical review through: (1) transhumanist spectacle and spectating; (2) technofeminist and gendered framings of these configurations; and (3) whether digital artefacts configured to realize autonomous eMotorsports games have politics.
Comparison of Joint Work During Load Absorption Between Weightlifting Derivatives
Authors: Suchomel Timothy J. , Giordanelli Matthew D. , Geiser Christopher F. , Kipp Kristof 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Suchomel, TJ, Giordanelli, MD, Geiser, CF, and Kipp, K. Comparison of joint work during load absorption between weightlifting derivatives. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S127–S135, 2021—This study examined the lower-extremity joint-level load absorption characteristics of the hang power clean (HPC) and jump shrug (JS). Eleven Division I male lacrosse players were fitted with 3-dimensional reflective markers and performed 3 repetitions each of the HPC and JS at 30, 50, and 70% of their 1 repetition maximum (1RM) HPC while standing on force plates. Load absorption joint work and duration at the hip, knee, and ankle joints were compared using 3-way repeated-measures mixed analyses of variance. Cohen's d effect sizes were used to provide a measure of practical significance. The JS was characterized by greater load absorption joint work compared with the HPC performed at the hip (p < 0.001, d = 0.84), knee (p < 0.001, d = 1.85), and ankle joints (p < 0.001, d = 1.49). In addition, greater joint work was performed during the JS compared with the HPC performed at 30% (p < 0.001, d = 0.89), 50% (p < 0.001, d = 0.74), and 70% 1RM HPC (p < 0.001, d = 0.66). The JS had a longer loading duration compared with the HPC at the hip (p < 0.001, d = 0.94), knee (p = 0.001, d = 0.89), and ankle joints (p < 0.001, d = 0.99). In addition, the JS had a longer loading duration compared with the HPC performed at 30% (p < 0.001, d = 0.83), 50% (p < 0.001, d = 0.79), and 70% 1RM HPC (p < 0.001, d = 0.85). The JS required greater hip, knee, and ankle joint work on landing compared with the load absorption phase of the HPC, regardless of load. The HPC and JS possess unique load absorption characteristics; however, both exercises should be implemented based on the goals of each training phase.
Effect of Rest Interval Between Sets in the Muscle Function During a Sequence of Strength Training Exercises for the Upper Body
Authors: Matos Filipe , Ferreira Bruna , Guedes Joana , Saavedra Francisco , Reis Victor M. , Vilaça-Alves José 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Matos, F, Ferreira, B, Guedes, J, Saavedra, F, Reis, VM, and Vilaça-Alves, J. Effect of rest interval between sets in the muscle function during a sequence of strength training exercises for the upper body. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1628–1635, 2021—The objective of this study was to observe the ideal recovery time between sets and exercises, for both chest and back, which allowed for maintaining muscle function with the initial load previously established. Sixty young men recreationally trained in strength training (ST) were divided into 2 groups: (a) 30 subjects were included in the GC group (the group that performed ST for the chest) and (b) 30 subjects were included in the GB group (the group that performed ST for the back). Each group was submitted to 3 experimental sessions, performing an ST sequence with 3 sets of 8 repetition maximum: GC performed a chest barbell press (CBP), an inclined CBP, and a chest butterfly; GB performed a lat pull-down, a back row, and a shoulder extension on the high pulley. The experimental sessions differed in rest time between sets performed (60, 90, and 120 seconds). For both groups in each sequence, significantly higher numbers of repetitions were observed with the rest time of 120 seconds relative to the rest time of 90 seconds (p = 0.004), 120 seconds in relation to the rest time of 60 seconds (p = 0.001), and in the rest interval of 90 seconds in relation to the rest time of 60 seconds (p < 0.0001). The results showed that 120 seconds was sufficient to maintain muscle function and perform the total number of repetitions per set. The data seem to show that for the ST methodology applied, it is not appropriate to assume that a certain relative intensity will translate into a similar number of repetitions in different exercises, especially with shorter rest intervals such as 60 and 90 seconds.