bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Resistorless Sinusoidal Oscillator using Single Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier
Authors: Krishna Motkuri , Nagar Bal Chand 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this paper, the authors design a voltage-mode sinusoidal oscillator using a voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA). The proposed design uses a single VDTA and two grounded capacitors respectively. The proposed oscillator is resistorless, which eases effortless fabrication. The proposed circuit is electronically tunable, with independent control of the frequency of oscillation and condition of oscillation. Moreover, various performance parameters such as sensitivity, non-ideality, and frequency stability analysis of the proposed sinusoidal oscillator are also discussed. Simulation results are carried out in the Cadence Virtuoso EDA tool (180 nm gpdk CMOS technology parameter) with a supply voltage of ± 0.9 V and a bias current of 150 µA is used. The results show that the proposed circuit works well and the result matches the theory.
A Robot-Oriented Competitive Algorithm for Path Planning Research
Authors: Wu Yingnian , Shiwei Gao , Tan Hao , Wang Hao , Chen Wenbai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In warehouse environments, due to complex terrains and the numerous task points that robots need to execute, it is essential to reasonably arrange the robots' movement paths during actual operations. This approach can effectively enhance the robots' execution speed and operational efficiency while reducing collision risks, thereby ensuring collision-free navigation and optimal path planning for the robots in the warehouse. It also significantly reduces energy and time costs, making warehouse management more efficient and intelligent. The novel algorithm this paper introduces draws on the interactions and relationships between competitors and winners in competitive systems, applying these principles to robot path planning. Experiments were designed to compare its performance with other algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms most existing algorithms regarding solution quality.
Prediction of Wall-Pressure Fluctuations in Channel Flow Using a Hybrid RANS-LES Model with a Wall Function
Authors: Lane Graeme , Croaker Paul , Alenius Emma , Winroth Marcus , Abanteriba Sylvester , Ding Yan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Pressure fluctuations at a surface beneath a turbulent boundary layer are of interest in a wide range of engineering applications as a basis for quantifying vibration and flow noise. Pressure fluctuations can be predicted using Large-Eddy Simulation (LES), but the computational cost of conventional wall-resolved LES is excessive due to the very small mesh spacings required for the inner boundary layer. To reduce the number of mesh cells, wall-modelling techniques may be introduced. In this study, the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) model was investigated as a wall modelling technique using channel flow as a test case, and its performance was compared with wall-resolved LES and wall-modelling based on a wall function. Previous investigations of IDDES, have typically assessed the accuracy of the method in terms of velocity statistics only. However, predictions of the wall-pressure fluctuations were also assessed in this study. Mesh refinement was investigated as a means to improve accuracy. However, IDDES was also combined with a wall function, allowing coarser wall-normal mesh spacings. With these modifications, the wall-pressure wavenumber and frequency spectra could be predicted fairly accurately over a wide range, for friction velocity Reynolds numbers from 2000 to 8000.
CD9/SOX2-positive cells in the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland exhibit mesenchymal stem cell characteristics
Authors: Shindo Ayano , Azuma Morio , Fujiwara Ken , Yoshida Saishu , Horiguchi Kotaro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Adult tissue stem cells of the anterior pituitary gland, CD9/SOX2-positive cells, are believed to exist in the marginal cell layer (MCL) bordering the residual lumen of the Rathke’s pouch. These cells migrate from the intermediate lobe side of the MCL (IL-MCL) to the anterior lobe side of the MCL and may be involved in supplying hormone-producing cells. Previous studies reported that some SOX2-positive cells of the anterior lobe differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. These findings suggest that CD9/SOX2-positive cells in the anterior pituitary have mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) properties. To substantiate this hypothesis, we examined whether CD9-positive cells isolated from IL-MCL of adult male rats differentiate into mesenchymal cells, such as endothelial cells, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the CD9-positive cells were positive for the MSC markers, CD349, CD105, CD271, and CD273 and were detected in the early postnatal period at the boundary between the posterior and intermediate lobes but not in the embryonic period. In addition, some adult tissue stem cells derived from external tissues were positive for both CD9 and MSC markers, indicating that few CD9/SOX2-positive cells in the IL-MCL of the pituitary gland are MSCs that invaded from external tissues during pituitary development in the early postnatal period and exist in the adult tissue stem cells as suppliers of hormone-producing and endothelial cells in the anterior lobe. These finding should have implications for application of CD9/SOX2-positive cells in regenerative therapy of the pituitary.
Association of trajectories of healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus and the mediation of gestational weight gain: a multicenter cohort study in China
Authors: Yang Jichun , Qu Yimin , Zhan Yongle , Li Xiaoxiu , Man Dongmei , Wu Hongguo , Huang Ping , Jiang Yu , Ma Haihui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to explore associations between trajectories of combined healthy lifestyle scores from first to second trimester and the risk of GDM and to explore the potential mediation effects of eGWG.
Methods: 7732 pregnant women were included in 24 hospitals from 15 provinces in China from 2017 and followed up to 2018. Healthy lifestyle behaviors included non-smoking, non-alcoholic drink, consuming a healthy diet, exercising regularly, having a low stress level and good sleep. Association between healthy lifestyle scores, eGWG and GDM were with and group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM), logistic regression and mediation analysis.
Results: GBTM identified five trajectories: compared with persistently low-stable trajectory of healthy lifestyle scores, women with moderate-stable (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.56-0.80), high-falling (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.41-0.79), low-rising (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.40-0.73), and high-stable trajectory (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.44-0.68) had a decreased risk of GDM; 14.02% (95% CI: 5.32%-56.24%), 16.11% (95% CI: 3.13%-60.54%), 13.71% (95% CI: 4.38%-58.95%) and 7.13% (95% CI: 1.83%-32.53%) of the associations, respectively, were mediated by eGWG.
Conclusion: Adherence to multiple healthy lifestyle behaviors from first to second trimester was associated with low risk of GDM, and it was partially mediated by eGWG.
Fault location of active distribution network hierarchical model based on AC-DBO
Authors: Min Zhao , Zhihui Kang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the problems such as slow convergence speed, precocious convergence and poor fault tolerance performance of Dung beetle optimizer (DBO) algorithm in solving active distribution network fault location, a fault location method of active distribution network hierarchical model based on Adaptive Chaotic DBO (AC-DBO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, an improved Tent chaotic map is introduced to initialize the population, so as to improve the distribution quality of the initial population in the search space and improve its global search efficiency. Secondly, the adaptive T-distribution mutation strategy is integrated into the location update of dung beetles to enhance the global exploration and local development capabilities of the algorithm. Finally, the equivalent hierarchical model of active distribution network is established by referring to the ‘black box’ processing method, which reduces the solving dimension of the algorithm and improves the location rate. The simulation results show that compared with the AC-DBO algorithm without hierarchical processing and the DBO algorithm plus hierarchical strategy, the AC-DBO hierarchical location model has obvious advantages in solving speed, accuracy and fault tolerance, which is especially suitable for solving the fault location problem of active distribution network.
Contingency Analysis and Mitigation Strategies for Enhanced Resilience in Islanded Microgrids
Authors: Lone Ashiq Hussain , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In order to ensure the reliability and security of islanded microgrids, contingency analysis is an important aspect. In the present study, we investigate the N-1 and N-2 contingency criteria in is-landed microgrids using the modified decoupled Newton-Raphson power flow method. Islanded microgrids, which operate autonomously of the main grid, have specific difficulties in preserving stability and dependability, especially when handling component failures. The N-1 contingency criterion considers the impact of losing a single component, such as a generator or transmission line, while the N-2 contingency criterion accounts for the simultaneous loss of two components. The approach put out in this study takes apparent power overloading and voltage violations into account simultaneously. The proposed approach has been applied on three distinct systems to verify its effectiveness. The distributed energy resources, have been integrated through sophisticated monitoring and control systems, and optimized the microgrid configuration using dynamic reconfiguration techniques to reduce the impact of various contingencies on voltage stability, frequency regulation, and overall system dependability. The cuckoo optimisation algorithm has been employed to determine the optimal droop coefficients, ensuring uniform load sharing among the distributed generators. This study has identified critical gaps and provided recommendations for enhancing resilience.
Direct approach to pulse dipolar spectroscopy measurement of mean distance between spins by electron paramagnetic resonance
Authors: Nekrasov V. M. , Matveeva A. G. , Syryamina V. N. , Agarkin S. A. , Bowman M. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

An analytical approach is demonstrated for the direct calculation of the mean distance between a pair of spins from pulse dipolar spectroscopy measurements by electron paramagnetic resonance. This direct approach uses the Mellin integral transform and does not measure the spectrum of distances between spins, offering substantial increases in sensitivity. The approach provides accurate a priori prediction of the uncertainty for a mean distance measurement, based only on experimental measurement parameters and the final signal-to-noise ratio. The feasibility of this approach is confirmed by comparison with the standard indirect approaches using a set of in silico measurements. The new approach demonstrates comparable accuracy and possibilities for enhancing sensitivity.
Anticancer Potential of Berberine and Baicalin: Evaluating Their Effects on Cell Viability and Oxidative Stress in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cell
Authors: Özbolat Gülüzar , Alizade Ares 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the effects of berberine and baicalin, both individually and in combination, on cell proliferation and apoptosis in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of berberine, baicalin or their
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The effects of these treatments on cell viability were assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISAs) assays were also used to measure levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase-3 activity in PC-3 cell lines. The study also assessed the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), enzymes involved in reducing oxidative stress.
RESULTS
Increasing concentrations of berberine, baicalin and their combination significantly reduced PC-3 cell proliferation. Both single and combined treatment with berberine and baicalin significantly increased caspase-3 activity and Bax levels, while substantially decreasing intracellular Bcl-2 levels. In addition, the treatments led to a significant increase in SOD and catalase activity, suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that berberine and baicalin, together with their synergistic combination, inhibited cell proliferation, enhanced apoptotic activity and improved modulation of oxidative stress in prostate cancer cells.
Integrating Clinical Psychology Interns in Primary Care: Perceptions from Healthcare Providers in Puerto Rico
Authors: Cappas Nydia M , Ortiz Nydia , Hoyos Viviana , Toro Valerie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study explores healthcare professionals' perceptions of integrating clinical psychology interns in primary care settings in Puerto Rico. The authors conducted an exploratory study using secondary survey data from 2020 to 2021, involving 91 participants from medical and nursing professions in seven primary care clinics and one general hospital. Quantitative measures included a survey based on the GATHER framework of Primary Care Behavioral Health. Survey responses were based on a 5-point Likert scale. Qualitative data were analyzed for themes. Quantitative data showed high satisfaction with the interns across disciplines, with an average score of 4.75. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences between professions in two survey items: "I have discussed cases with psychology interns" (H = 20.82, p < .001) and "I have seen patients with psychology interns" (H = 11.27, p = .046). Post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests indicated significant differences between family medicine and nursing (U = 251.0, p<.001), general medicine and nursing (U = 140.5, p = 0.003), and nursing and pediatrics (U = 45.0, p = 0.034). Additional significant differences were found in familiarity with interns and ease of referring patients based on years working at the clinic. Qualitative analysis of open-ended responses identified themes of professionalism, flexibility, collaboration, and positive patient impact. The findings highlight the positive perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding the integration of clinical psychology interns, reflecting the effective advancement of interprofessional care. Limitations and implications for behavioral health are discussed.
Use of the Theory of Critical Distances in Predicting Medium Cycle Fatigue Failure in Five-axis Ball End Milled Components
Authors: Fazili Zayeem , Barrans Simon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

While casting may have historically been used to make components with free-form surfaces, five-axis milling with ball end cutters is becoming increasingly common. Although this form of production enables the use of more robust billet material rather than cast material, it generates identifiable machining cusps on the component's surface. This paper investigates the use of the Theory of Critical Distances (TCD) to predict the fatigue life of five-axis machined components. TCD's Point Method (PM) and Line Method (LM) have been adapted to treat the machining cusps as stress raisers. This has been incorporated with the Medium Cycle Fatigue (MCF) procedure of TCD to predict the life of specimens machined with distinct tool sizes. The predictions obtained were found to be conservative.
Features of the composition of the intestinal microbiota in obese children, depending on the presence or absence of metabolic complications
Authors: Skvortsova O. V. , Migacheva N. B. , Lyamin A. V. , Mikhailova E. G. , Kaiumov K. A. , Alekseev D. V. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Childhood obesity is one of the most pressing problems in modern pediatrics. The serious attention of specialists is attracted by numerous reports on changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota (IM) in obese patients.Аim. Тo find the relationship between the metabolic complications of obesity in children and the diversity of IM.Materials and methods. A single-stage prospective controlled study was conducted, which included 133 children with exogenous constitutional obesity and 23 healthy children of the control group. All children underwent an examination aimed at diagnosing metabolic complications of obesity. An additional research method was the assessment of the microbiome of the luminal contents of the large intestine with the identification of microorganisms by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry.Results. The study revealed a high incidence of metabolic complications of obesity in the examined patients: arterial hypertension (AH, 22.7%), impaired carbohydrate metabolism or type 2 diabetes mellitus (25.1%), dyslipidemia (25.6%), impaired purine metabolism (46.4%) and metabolically associated fatty liver disease (49.3%). When assessing the microbiological profile, a decrease in the frequency of excretion of bifidobacteria and streptococci in patients with hypertension was revealed, and the relationship of individual microorganisms with some complications of obesity was also found.Discussion. According to the literature, the frequency of excretion of bifidobacteria in obese patients is reduced, as in our case. This can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for the correction of metabolic disorders. The issue of reducing the diversity of IM in patients with hypertension is also being discussed in the scientific community, which this study also shows, proving the relationship of changes in IM with complications of obesity. It turned out to be interesting that certain bacteria associated with colorectal cancer were isolated from obese patients, which requires further study of the issue, given the higher prevalence of oncopathology in this group of patients.Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate a high incidence of metabolic complications of obesity in children, as well as their relationship with IM, which dictates the need for further study of this area and the search for possible ways to influence IM in order to influence metabolic disorders in obese patients.
Asymptomatic nasopharingeal carrying of Streptococcus pneumoniae in preschool children
Authors: Makhkamova G. T. , Shamansurova E. A. , Turdieva Sh. T. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Despite the availability of modern, effective antibiotics and vaccines, up to 825 000 children under five years of age worldwide suffer from severe pneumococcal infection every year.Aim. To study the prevalence and manifestation of asymptomatic carriage of St. pneumoniae in unvaccinated preschool children.Materials and methods. The study design was a prospective cohort study that began before the inclusion of pneumococcal vaccination in the National Preventive Vaccination Calendar of Uzbekistan (2015). The microbiota of the nasopharynx was studied in 236 practically healthy children, of which children attending preschool, from 3 to 5 years old – 143 (60.6%), unorganized children from 1.5 to 3 years old – 93 (39.4%). According to standard methods, a bacteriological analysis (bacterial culture) was carried out to detect St. pneumoniae in a nasopharynx smear.Results and discussion. Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of St. pneumoniae was detected in 40.7% of those observed, which was higher than the detection rate of H. influenzae – 22.0% (52/236), as well as Moraxella catarrhalis – 13.6% (32/236), and in children attending kindergartens, the detection rate was two times higher (50.4% versus 25.8%), compared to unorganized children. According to two-year observations, a more aggressive effect of pathogens was noted in young children (unorganized children). Repeated episodes of pneumonia were noted in 29.2%, which is 5.2 times more than in children from the second age group (5.6%). The data obtained indicate a high incidence of children under three years of age with St. pneumoniae carriage.Conclusion. Among unvaccinated children under five years of age, asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of St. pneumoniae was 40.7%, and the transition of asymptomatic carriage to invasive respiratory diseases reached 97.9%, which indicates the need for family doctors to organize and conduct effective vaccination of children before their admission to preschool institutions.
Role of angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms (AGT: с. 174C>T and AGT: с. 235T>С) in children with obesity and cardiometabolic disorders
Authors: Evdokimova N. V. , Novikova V. P. , Nakhimov T. A. , Nakhimova U. A. , Buntovskaya A. S. , Trandina A. E. , Gavriusheva O. A. , Glushakov R. I. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that arises through the joint actions of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Identification of genetic markers of obesity, including their polymorphisms, especially in children of early and preschool age is an important field of diagnosis and prevention of the disease.Aim. To study the prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene (AGT: с.174C>T, p.T174M (rs4762) and AGT: с.235T>С, p.M235T (rs699)) in children with obesity.Materials and methods. A total of 180 children aged 5–17 years were examined in a clinical case-control study. The case group included 120 obese subjects, of whom 60 were aged 5–10 years old and 60 were aged 11–17 years old. The control group included 60 subjects with normal body weight, of whom 30 were aged 5–10 years old and 30 were aged 11–17 years old. The subjects underwent measurement of physical development, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid status, as well as daily blood pressure monitoring, and molecular genetic testing, in particular, gene polymorphisms (AGT: p.174C>T, p.T174M (rs4762) and AGT: p.235T>C, p.M235T (rs699)). Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the impact of polymorphisms on the development of obesity and obesity-associated conditions. Results. No association was established between the AGT gene polymorphism: c.174C>T and obesity and dyslipidemia in children aged 5–17 years old. We found an association between the AGT gene polymorphism c.235T>C and obesity and dyslipidemia in children aged 5–17 years old (OR 3.1 [0.1; 3.9], p = 0.000001; OR 1.6 [0.9; 3.3], p = 0011). An association between both polymorphisms and the development of arterial hypertension (AH) in children and adolescents with obesity (OR 1.2 [0.4; 2.7], p = 0.000025; OR 2.2 [0.5; 2.4], p = 0.00002) was established.Discussion. Numerous works performed by foreign authors demonstrated the association between the AGT gene polymorphism: p.235T>C and the development of obesity and related comorbid conditions in adults. There is no information on the effect of the AGT polymorphism: p.174C>T.Conclusion. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) gene polymorphisms contribute to the development of obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension in childhood.