bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations of Some Apolipoprotein Levels and ApoE RNA Expression in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Viral Infection
Authors: Ibrahim Amnah Raad , Hussein Raghad Hassan , Hassan Athraa Zaidan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) makes it a significant health concern, especially in Iraq. Clinical studies have found that chronic HBV infection affects the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by regulating cholesterol metabolism in liver cells.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine alterations in some serum lipoproteins (ApoA, ApoB, and apolipoprotein E [ApoE]) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), as well as ApoE gene expression in Iraqi patients with chronic HBV infection, as potential markers for increased cardiovascular risk.

Materials and Methods:
This case-control study involved fifty patients with chronic HBV admitted to the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital in Medical city, Baghdad, besides 40 individuals serving as a healthy control group.

Results:
The current study showed significantly higher levels of ApoA, ApoB, ApoE, and OxLDL among patients compared to the control group. Additionally, HBV patients demonstrated lower expression of ApoE gene in HBV patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for all parameters showed high sensitivity and specificity, with area under the curve affirming their potential as biomarkers for increased CVD risk in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Conclusion:
The study reveals significant disparities in plasma levels of ApoA, ApoB, ApoE, and OxLDL between HBV patients and controls, along with reduced ApoE gene expression in these patients, suggesting a potential role of HBV in apolipoproteins dysfunction. Thus, serum ApoA, ApoB, ApoE, and OxLDL in CHB patients may help identify high-risk patients for CVD, thereby preventing the development of CVD or early diagnosis of (CVD) in these patients.
From small ports to large ports: a historical perspective on the hierarchy of ports in Madagascar
Authors: Baron Marie-Laure , Tsirenge Niriko Rosalien 
Published: November 2024

In countries with numerous ports, the substantial investment required, particularly in the face of climate change, often leads to the classification of ports as either ‘large’ or ‘small’ as a way of defining priorities. Governments can also resort to private financing through new forms of partnerships. Addressing this issue, the article focuses on the case of ports in Madagascar, a developing country with limited resources, to illustrate how resource scarcity drives a strict prioritization of ports and promotes alternative financing solutions, such as privatization. The article contributes to an already extensive body of literature on port governance, drawing from a longitudinal study that traces the history of port governance in Madagascar, from the earliest recorded exchanges to the present day. This perspective underscores the historical continuity of debates surrounding port financing and highlights the strong prioritization of certainports in response to resource limitations. It also reveals the opportunistic nature of governance, where authorities, when possible, strive to maintain the operation of as many ports as they can. In light of increasing port investment in the coming years, this historical trajectory suggests that Europe may witness a rise in port privatization, alongside the selection of key ports that will benefit from substantial investment.
Dans les pays qui disposent de nombreux ports, l'importance des investissement requis, particulièrement face aux enjeux du changement climatique, peut conduire à hiérarchiser les ports en « grands ports » et « petits ports » et à recourir aux financements privés dans de nouvelles formes de partenariats. Documentant cette problématique, l'article s'intéresse au cas des ports dans un pays en développement, Madagascar, aux ressources contraintes, pour montrer comment la rareté des ressources induit une forte hiérarchisation des ports et le recours aux financements alternatifs disponibles, la privatisation. L'article alimente donc une littérature déjà riche sur la gouvernance portuaire en s'appuyant sur une étude longitudinale, depuis les premiers échanges référencés jusqu'à nos jours, de la gouvernance des ports à Madagascar. Cette perspective met en évidence la permanence historique des débats autour du financement de nombreux ports, et la forte hiérarchisation portuaire qui s'ensuit dans un contexte de rareté des ressources. Elle montre également le caractère opportuniste de la gouvernance dès lors que les autorités préfèrent, lorsqu'elles le peuvent, maintenir le fonctionnement d'un nombre maximum de ports. Dans le contexte du renchérissement de l'investissement portuaire dans les années à venir, ce cheminement historique suggère qu'en Europe, le degré de privatisation des ports pourrait augmenter, et la sélection des ports privilégiés bénéficiant d'investissements importants, s'accroître.
Study of Web Based Mental Health Applications
Authors: Arya Pawar  , Sidharth Salian  , Saad Shaikh  , Sarib Siddiqui  , Bharati Jadhav  
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health platforms, addressing the increasing demand for innovative solutions in mental healthcare. Traditional diagnostic methods are often subjective, and early detection of mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and ADHD remains challenging. AI, through machine learning, natural language processing, and wearable sensor data, offers new opportunities for creating digital phenotypes and enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Studies show that AI-driven platforms can analyze large datasets from electronic health records and real-time monitoring tools, providing early warnings and personalized care. AI models have demonstrated promise in identifying patterns that predict mental health conditions, improving intervention timing and outcomes. While AI holds great potential for transforming mental healthcare, ethical considerations, such as data privacy, transparency, and the need for clinically validated tools, remain essential challenges. As AI continues to advance, integrating these technologies responsibly will be crucial for improving access, reliability, and personalization in mental health interventions.
Upshots of Surface Water Quality on the Incidence of Water-Borne Disease Cases in Communities Along River Ase in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ushurhe Ochuko , Uzowulu Olannye Donald , Origho Thaddeus , Tennyson Edojarievwen Uvietabore , Chukubuzor Emetulu Victor 
Published: November 2024

In Southern Nigeria, there is the problem of inadequate access to safe drinking water and the incidence of water-borne diseases that reduce vitality and economic productivity. It is on this premise that the paper assesses the upshots of surface water quality on the wide range of water-borne disease cases in the study area. The study employed an experimental and expost facto research design. A surface water sample from each of the six communities along River Ase was analyzed for physicochemical and bacteriological quality parameters using standard procedures for twelve months. The resulting data were compared to the WHO recommended limits and the suitability of the surface water for residential use was determined using the water quality index. In addition, health records of persons diagnosed and treated for water-borne diseases were collected from limited health record centers in the study communities to determine those impacted by water-borne diseases. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression statistical techniques to test the posited hypothesis (Ho). The results showed that there is variation in the water quality of the river. The posited hypothesis showed that 51% of the incidence of water-borne diseases was significantly dependent on the quality of water at P > 0.05. Also, the WQI indicated that the water quality fell between bad and medium (42.80 - 58.05), indicating that the water should be treated before consumption. The study, therefore, recommends the testing of the water periodically to safeguard human health.
ОБ ОБУЧЕНИИ ЯПОНСКИХ СТУДЕНТОВ-МОНАХОВ (ГАКУМОНСО 學問僧) В ТАНСКОМ ХРАМЕ СИМИНСЫ
Authors: Е.С. ЛЕПЕХОВА 
Published: November 2024

Данная статья посвящена исследованию обучения японских студентов-монахов (гакумонсо 學問僧), среди которых был основатель школы Сингон Кукай 空海 (Кобо-дайси, 弘法大師, 774–835 ) в танском храме Симинсы 西明寺 в VIII–IX вв., который за 200 лет своего существования был одним из признанных центров международного распространения буддийской мысли в Центральной и Восточной Азии. Обычай отправлять буддийских монахов для стажировки в континентальных храмах Китая и Кореи в составе официальных посольств был принят в Японии еще в VII в. Однако, именно храм Симинсы в силу своей репутации приобрел с VIII в. особое значение для монахов, желающих ознакомится с его книжным собранием, включавшим в себя оригинальные индийские и китайские священные тексты. Поэтому основной целью этого исследования является стремление показать, как проживание монахов из Японии в Симинсы, их активное участие в переводческо-комментаторском процессе и знакомство с книжным собранием храма, равно как и с его буддийскими профессорами оказало непосредственное влияние на процесс межкультурного распространения буддийской канонической литературы на Дальнем Востоке.
This article is devoted to the study of the education of Japanese student monks (gakumonso學問僧), among whom was Kukai, the founder of the Shingon school, (Kobo-daishi, 弘法大師, 774–835) at the Ximing monastery in the VIII–IX cc. During 200 years of its existence Ximing monastery was one of the recognized centers of international dissemination of Buddhist thought in Central and Eastern Asia. The custom of sending Buddhist monks to train in the continental temples of China and Koreaas part of official embassies has been adopted in Japan since the 7th century. However, it was the Ximing monastery due to the virtue of its reputation since the VIII century that gained a special importance for monks who want to get acquainted with its book collection, which included original Indian and Chinese sacred texts. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to show how the residence of monks from Japan in Ximing monastery, their active participation in the translation and commentary process and acquaintance with the temple's book collection, as well as with its Buddhist professors, had a direct impact on the process of intercultural dissemination of Buddhist canonical literature in the Far East.
ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КИТАЙСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА В ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ РОССИЙСКИХ ПИСАТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Ядин. ЛЮ 
Published: November 2024

Некоторые современные российские писатели проявляют большой интерес к традиционной китайской культуре. В своих романах и стихах они обращаются к образам традиционной китайской культуры, представляя в своих произведениях китайские иероглифы, странные эмоции и восточные цвета. Пока элементы китайкой культуры в современной российской литературе не стало предметом внимания китайских и российских ученых. В статье рассматриваются произведения «Ночной гость» и «Возвращение к Великой Белизне», сформировавшие образ Ли Бая, и указывается на неверное толкование Чжуан-цзы и Лао-цзы русскими писателями. Другие русские писатели привнесли в русскую культуру большое количество мотивов традиционной китайской культуры, и в связи с этим в статье анализируются характеристики, намерения автора и психология восприятия читателями серий романов «Евразийская симфония», «Лиса» и других произведений. Современные российские писатели используют традиционную китайскую культуру для построения образа Китая, возвращаясь к русскому клише конца XVIII в. о том, что «Китай – «страна философов», или же опираясь на концепцию «нового евразийства». В своем творчестве русские писатели исходят из собственного понимания китайской традиционной культуры, но их роль в ее распространении в России не следует недооценивать.
Some contemporary Russian writers have shown a strong interest in traditional Chinese culture. In their novels and poems, they draw on the nourishment of traditional Chinese culture to imagine the Middle earth characters, strange emotions, and Eastern colors. The writing of traditional Chinese cultural factors in the works of contemporary Russian writers has not yet become a focus of attention for Chinese and Russian scholars. This article provides a commentary on the portrayal of Li Bai's characters in Night Travelers with Candles and Return to Taibai, and points out the misinterpretation of Zhuangzi and Laozi by Russian writers. Other Russian writers have combined a large number of traditional Chinese cultural elements with Russian culture, author analyzed the characteristics, author’s intentions, and reader’s perceptual psychology of the Eurasian Symphonyseries of novels, The Fox and other works. Contemporary Russian writers use traditional Chinese culture to construct the image of China, returning to the clich é of the late 18th century in Russiathat “China is the land of philosophers” or developing the concept of “new Eurasianism”. Russian writers have their own understanding of traditional Chinese cultur
45 лет реформ и открытости: трудный путь и достижения портового строительства в Китае
Authors: Н.К. Семенова 
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию внешнеторговых портов КНР, ставших за 45 лет после провозглашения курса реформ и открытости одной из основ ки тайского «экономического чуда» и фундаментом национальной мощи. Стратегия экономической открытости Китая способствовала существенному росту импорта и экспорта, что привело к быстрому росту портовой отрасли, ее инновационному развитию. В частности, совершенствование системы контейнерных портов обеспе чило экономичность и надежность транспортных услуг для внешней торговли. В то же время приб режные порты сыграли ключевую роль в осуществлении междуна родных промышленных поставок и превращении национальных производственных баз в глобальные, а также содействовали формированию модели всесторонней открытости страны. Инфраструктура китайского водного транспорта стала за годы реформ самой масштабной в мире, а постоянное увеличение его пропускной способности сделало Китай страной с самым интенсивным морским сообщением. Такой уровень развития был следствием тщательного стратегического планирования, благодаря которому прибрежные порты трансформировались в центры глобального распределения ресурсов и стратегические точки опоры для продвижения инициативы «Пояса и пути», углубления интеграции в мировую экономическую систему. Развитие системы морских портов Китая как ключевого стыковочного звена сухопутного и морского маршрутов Шелкового пути приобретает все больший геоэкономический смысл. В статье формулируются причины и цели масштабной реорганизации портового хозяйства в Китае, предложена периодизация этого процесса, рассматривается дина мика экономических показателей портовой и смежных отраслей КНР с 1978 г. до наших дней, а также современная портовая структура китайских внешнеторговых портов, представлены результаты анализа места современного Китая в мировой отрасли морских перевозок и его превращения в великую морскую державу.
The article discusses the foreign trade ports of the PRC which, in the 45 years since the beginning of the reforms and opening in China, have become one of the foundations of the Chinese ‘economic miracle’ and the basis of national power of modern China. China’s economic opening strategy has contributed to signifi cant growth in imports and exports. The development of China’s seaport system, as a key link between the land and sea Silk Roads, is becoming increasingly geo-economically meaningful. The article examines reasons and goals of large-scale reorganisation of port economy in China, traces its process, examines the dynamics of economic indicators of port and related industries in the PRC since 1978, as well as the modern port structure of foreign trade ports of the PRC, contextualises China within the world maritime transport industry.
ИСТОРИЯ КОНФУЦИАНСКИХ КАМЕННЫХ КАНОНОВ X–XII ВЕКОВ
Authors: И.Н. РЯБУХИН 
Published: November 2024

Настоящая публикация представляет собой продолжениеисследования истории конфуцианских каменных канонов. В статье автором рассмотрены предпосылки создания, история и современное состояние конфуцианских каменных канонов X–XII вв.: «Каменный канон [эпохи] Позднее Шу» (Шу шицзин 蜀石經), «Каменный канон, [выгравированный в период правления под девизом] Чжи-хэ» (Чжи-хэ шицзин 至和石經), «Каменный канон, [выгравированный в период правления под девизом] Цзя-ю» (Цзя-ю шицзин 嘉祐石經), «Каменный канон [эпохи] Цзинь» (Цзинь шицзин 金石經). Особое внимание уделено исторической конъюнктуре, инициаторам и участникам составления каменных канонов.
The article is a continuation of the study of the history of Confucian Stone Classics. The article discusses the prerequisites for the creation, history and current state of Confucian Stone Classicsof the 10th–12th centuries: Stone Classics of the [Later] Shu(Shu shijing 蜀石經), Stone Classics[Engraved during the Reign under the Motto of] Zhi-he(Zhi-he shijing 至和石經), Stone Classics[Engraved during the Reign under the Motto of] Jia-yu(Jia-yu shijing 嘉祐石經), Stone Classics of the Jin (Jin shijing 金石經). Particular attention is paid to the historical context, the initiators and participants in the compilation of stone canons.
Sleep disturbances partly mediate the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms in adult video game players
Authors: Jackowska Marta , Krzyżanowski Robert , Kadzikowska-Wrzosek Romana 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPlaying video games is a popular leisure activity, but if prolonged it can increase the risk of sleep and mood disturbances. Individuals with an evening chronotype show a greater tendency to be engrossed in video games.Participants and procedureThis study tested whether sleep disturbances would mediate the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms in adult video game players. Participants were 1208 adults (86.7% men, mean age 27.4 ± 8.07 years) who regularly play video games. Chronotype was assessed with the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance was evaluated with the Athens Insomnia Scale.ResultsWe found that adults who play video games and show an evening chronotype preference spent more time playing than those with a more intermediate or morning preference. An evening chronotype was linked to a higher level of depressive symptoms, and our bootstrap mediation analysis revealed that sleep disturbances partly mediated this association (β = –.15, SE = .02, 95% CI [–.19; –.11]).ConclusionsOur study suggests that an evening chronotype should be considered when exploring psychological risk factors contributing to the development of problematic gaming. In adults who play video games and display a tendency towards eveningness, higher rates of depressive symptoms may be partly explained by inadequate sleep.
Quality of life and sexual attraction in physically active and inactive older people
Authors: Olszewski Henryk , Kieliszczyk Ewa , Hejła Marcelina , Wilczynska Dominika M. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHuman life expectancy should rise with a focus on enhancing quality of life, encompassing aspects such as physical activi-ty, sexuality, and self-acceptance, which significantly affect satisfaction and relationships. This study examined how life satisfaction, physical activity, and self-esteem related to sexual attractiveness in seniors contribute to their overall quality of life, especially concerning self-worth and relationships.Participants and procedureA total of 99 individuals, composed of 75 women and 24 men aged between 60 and 81, participated in the additional offer from the University of the Third Age. These respondents were all part of the study. The Satisfaction with Life Scale, self-assessment in terms of sexual attractiveness and a scale of physical activity level created for the study were used. The participants completed the questionnaires before the classes from the expanded offer of the Gdansk University of the Third Age.ResultsThe highest correlation was observed between the level of physical activity and satisfaction with life. The study also showed a significant correlation between the self-assessment of sexual attractiveness and life satisfaction, and between the level of physical activity and the self-assessment of sexual attractiveness. Additionally, the results indicate a significantly higher level of self-esteem in terms of sexual attractiveness in men compared to women.ConclusionsThe study emphasizes the role of positive self-perception, notably in sexual attractiveness, and higher physical activity levels in predicting life satisfaction, while differences in self-esteem between genders suggest a need for more exploration and soci-etal education, particularly among older generations.
Gesetzgebung und Gesetzessammlungen. Mühsam gebändigte Normenflut
Authors: Pauser Josef 
Published: November 2024

Legislation and Collections of Laws. The Labouriously Tamed Flood of Legislation. With the reforms of enlightened absolutism the Habsburg Monarchy experienced a surge of modernization that can be described as a process of state-building. Ideally – in the master narrative – a uniform legal system emerged, which was enforced by a unified civil service and gradually turned subjects into citizens with equal rights and duties. In fact, the state authorities’ legislation had reached hitherto unimagined proportions, even growing exponentially under Joseph II. In order to control this flood of norms, printed (private) collections of norms of all kinds emerged as new legal media. While these were initially only used for retrospective documentation and the ruler’s representation, from around 1780 they were printed on a large scale, at shorter notice and not just as an aid for administrative officials. Towards the end of the century, official compilations of laws were produced, which merged into the state law gazettes in the middle of the 19th century. Keywords: law collections, codification, state formation, Austria