bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mbf1 ensures Polycomb silencing by protecting E(z) mRNA from degradation by Pacman
Authors: Nishioka Kenichi , Wang Xian-Feng , Miyazaki Hitomi , Soejima Hidenobu , Hirose Susumu 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Under stress conditions, the coactivator Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (Mbf1) translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus to induce stress-response genes. However, its role in the cytoplasm, where it is mainly located, has remained elusive. Here, we show that Drosophila Mbf1 associates with E(z) mRNA and protects it from degradation by the exoribonuclease Pacman (Pcm), thereby ensuring Polycomb silencing. In genetic studies, loss of mbf1 function enhanced a Polycomb phenotype in Polycomb group mutants, and was accompanied by a significant reduction in E(z) mRNA expression. Furthermore, a pcm mutation suppressed the Polycomb phenotype and restored the expression level of E(z) mRNA, while pcm overexpression exhibited the Polycomb phenotype in the mbf1 mutant but not in the wild-type background. In vitro, Mbf1 protected E(z) RNA from Pcm activity. Our results suggest that Mbf1 buffers fluctuations in Pcm activity to maintain an E(z) mRNA expression level sufficient for Polycomb silencing.
Digitalisation in healthcare: An analysis of projects proposed by practitioners
Authors: Habran Enguerrand , Saulpic Olivier , Zarlowski Philippe 
Published: March 2018

Background: Digitalisation in healthcare is a multifaceted phenomenon that remains emergent. Driven by technology, innovations would not sufficiently meet the needs and expectations of clinicians and patients, resulting in the proliferation of poorly integrated solutions. Aim: This study aimed to understand how practitioners envisioned digital innovation in healthcare, to shed light on debates about how to improve innovation efficiency. Methods: A total of 45 responses were selected from a call for projects issued by a public sector fund, among which 29 responses included digital data in their design. Findings: When they are conducted and sponsored by healthcare practitioners, digital innovations were found to genuinely target healthcare objectives. They also tended to promote participatory approaches and exhibit a concern for equity in healthcare. However, they generally failed to address transferability issues or efficiency objectives and the reported evidence on which the projects relied was usually scarce. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand the specific sociotechnical stakes underpinning digital innovations in healthcare. For policymakers and funding bodies, this study proposes that the project design should explicitly integrate assessment of their scalability, and their impact on the usual dimensions of healthcare performance: quality of medical and patient care, efficiency, and equity.
Why do patients with low back pain choose not to engage with physiotherapy following assessment?
Authors: Hinchliffe Natalie C , Lavin Nicole 
Published: March 2018

Background/Aims: This research explored the reasons why patients with low back pain chose not to return to physiotherapy following an assessment. Methods: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted using five participants with low back pain. Data were analysed to produce codes, categories and themes. Findings: Data analysis produced expectations, communication and satisfaction as key themes. Findings suggest that expectations may and may not be linked to previous physiotherapy experience, with no clear link between expectations and satisfaction. Communication including sufficient time, listening skills, empathy, and caring qualities were highly regarded. Satisfaction levels were rated highly, despite not returning to physiotherapy. Participants reported pain resolution and personal choice as reasons for not returning. Conclusions: Findings support previous research suggesting expectations are multifaceted and individualised and not always linked to previous experience. Findings suggest the physiotherapist's excellent communication skills ensured an overall positive patient experience, maintaining high satisfaction levels.
Effect of core stability exercises and desensitisation therapy on limit of stability in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients
Authors: Battesha Hanan Hosny M , Ahmed Gehan M , Amer Hanan A , El Gohary Amira M , Ragab Walaa M 
Published: March 2018

Background/Aims: The ability to maintain a standing and dynamic posture is a problem in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of core stability exercises and desensitisation therapy on posture stability in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with diabetic peripheral sensory motor neuropathy with average age from 55–70 years were involved in this study. Patients were assessed for posture stability before and after treatment using the Biodex Balance System. The patients were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group 1 (the control group) received a selected physical therapy programme for diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. Group 2 received core stability exercises in addition to the same selected physical therapy programme for Group 1. Group 3 received desensitisation therapy in addition to the same selected physical therapy programme for Group 1. Group 4 received core stability exercises combined with desensitisation therapy in addition to the same selected physical therapy programme for Group 1. The intervention took place three times a week for 6 weeks. Findings: There was significant improvement of posture stability in Groups 2, 3, and 4 compared to Group 1, with Group 4 showing the most improvement. Conclusions: Core stability exercises and desensitisation therapy are effective interventions for improving posture stability in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and the combination of the two interventions increases posture stability than performing each one separately.
Reliability and efficiency of three methods of calculating migration percentage on radiographs for hip surveillance in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Kulkarni V. A. , Davids J. R. , Boyles A. D. , Cung N. Q. , Bagley A. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose Hip surveillance programmes for children with cerebral palsy (CP) utilize the migration percentage (MP) measurement to initiate referrals and recommend treatment. This study assesses the reliability and efficiency of three methods of MP measurement on anteroposterior (AP) pelvis radiographs. Methods A total of 20 AP pelvis radiographs (40 hips) of children with CP were measured by three raters on two occasions using three methods: digital measurement (DM) on a Picture Archiving and Communication System monitor, computer-aided measurement (CA) using a digital templating tool and mobile device application measurement (MA) using a freely available MP measurement tool. For each method, the time required to complete the MP measurement of both hips on each AP pelvis radiograph was measured. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine reliability, and analysis of variance was used to compare groups. Results All three methods of determining MP showed excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability (ICC 0.976 to 0.989). The mean absolute difference in MP measurement was not significant between trials for a single rater (DM 2.8%, CA 1.9%, MA 2.2%) or between raters (DM 3.6%, CA 2.9%, MA 3.6%). The mean time to complete MP measurement was significantly different between methods, with DM = 151 seconds, CA = 73 seconds and MA = 80 seconds. Conclusion All three MP measurement methods were highly reliable with clinically acceptable measurement error. The time required to measure a hip surveillance radiograph can be reduced by approximately 50% by utilizing a computer-based or mobile application-based MP measurement tool. Level of Evidence III
Susceptibility to Oxidative Stress Is Determined by Genetic Background in Neuronal Cell Cultures
Authors: Günther Mattias , Al Nimer Faiez , Piehl Fredrik , Risling Mårten , Mathiesen Tiit 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to a deleterious and multifactorial secondary inflammatory response in the brain. Oxidative stress from the inflammation likely contributes to the brain damage although it is unclear to which extent. A largely unexplored approach is to consider phenotypic regulation of oxidative stress levels. Genetic polymorphism influences inflammation in the central nervous system and it is possible that the antioxidative response differs between phenotypes and affects the severity of the secondary injury. We therefore compared the antioxidative response in inbred rat strains dark agouti (DA) to piebald viral glaxo (PVG). DA has high susceptibility to inflammatory challenges and PVG is protected. Primary neuronal cell cultures were exposed to peroxynitrite (ONOO−), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (O2−), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Our findings demonstrated a phenotypic control of the neuronal antioxidative response, specific to manganese O2−dismutase (MnSOD). DA neurons had increased levels of MnSOD, equal levels of peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5), decreased oxidative stress markers 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and 4-HNE and decreased neuronal death detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after 24 h, and higher oxidative stress levels by CellROX than PVG after 2 h. It is possible that DA neurons had a phenotypic adaptation to a fiercer inflammatory environment. ONOO−was confirmed as the most powerful oxidative damage mediator, while 4-HNE caused few oxidative effects. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) was not induced, suggesting that inflammatory, while not oxidative stimulation was required. These findings indicate that phenotypic antioxidative regulation affects the secondary inflammation, which should be considered in future individualized treatments and when evaluating antioxidative pharmacological interventions.
Longitudinally evaluated the relationship between body fat percentage and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Authors: Park Sung Keun , Ryoo Jae-Hong , Oh Chang-Mo , Choi Joong-Myung , Jung Ju Young 
Published: March 2018

Background
Body fat plays the significant role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, it is not fully identified how body fat percentage (BF%) has an impact on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, this study was to evaluate the incidental risk for T2DM according to BF% level.

Methods
In a community-based Korean cohort, 5972 Korean adults were divided into quintile groups by BF% and followed up for 10 years to monitor the development of T2DM. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) for T2DM according to BF% quintile. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted by low and high level of BF% (cut-off: 25 in men and 35 in women) and body mass index (BMI).

Results
In adjusted model, compared to the BF% quintile 1 group, the risk for T2DM significantly increased over BF% of 22.8% in men and 32.9% in women (≥quintile 4). The level of BF% related to the increased risk for T2DM was lower in non-obese men (22.8%) than obese men (28.4%). In subgroup analysis, men with low BMI (<25) and high BF% (≥25) had the highest risk for T2DM than other subgroups (HRs: 1.83 (1.33–2.52)). However, this association did not show the statistical significance in women (HRs: 1.63 (0.98–2.72)).

Conclusion
The incidental risk for T2DM significantly increased over the specific level of BF%, which was lower in non-obese population than obese population. Gender difference was suggested in the incidental relationship between BF% and T2DM.
Germline Variants in the POT1-Gene in High-Risk Melanoma Patients in Austria
Authors: Müller Christoph , Krunic Milica , Wendt Judith , von Haeseler Arndt , Okamoto Ichiro 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Risk of melanoma is in part determined by genetic factors. Currently the only established high penetrance familial melanoma genes are CDKN2A and CDK4. Recent studies reported germline variants in POT1 in melanoma families. In the present study, we sequenced the entire POT1 gene in 694 patients from the M3-study. Patients with multiple primary melanomas (n = 163) or with a positive family history (n = 133) were classified as high-risk melanoma patients. Additionally, 200 single primary melanoma patients and 198 non-melanoma controls were sequenced. For prediction analysis 10 different tools were used.
In total 53 different variants were found, of which 8 were detected in high-risk melanoma patients, only. Two out of these 8 variants were located in exons and were non-synonymous: g.124510982 G&gt;A (p.R80C) and g.124491977 T&gt;G (p.N300H). While g.124491977 T&gt;G was predicted to be neutral, 80% of the prediction tools classified g.124510982 G&gt;A as deleterious. The variant, g.124467236 T&gt;C, which possibly causes a change in the splice site was identified in a case with a positive family history in the present study. Another variant in the 5-UTR, g.124537261 A&gt;G, was found in 2 high-risk patients. So, in conclusion, melanoma associated POT1 germline variants seem to be rare. Further studies are required to evaluate the role of POT1 for genetic counseling.
Repeat-Specific Functions for the C-Terminal Domain of RNA Polymerase II in Budding Yeast
Authors: Babokhov Michael , Mosaheb Mohammad M , Baker Richard W , Fuchs Stephen M 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is required to regulate transcription and to integrate it with other essential cellular processes. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the CTD of Rpb1p consists of 26 conserved heptad repeats that are post-translationally modified to orchestrate protein factor binding at different stages of the transcription cycle. A long-standing question in the study of the CTD is if there are any functional differences between the 26 repeats. In this study, we present evidence that repeats of identical sequence have different functions based on their position within the CTD. We assembled plasmids expressing Rpb1p with serine to alanine substitutions in three defined regions of the CTD and measured a range of phenotypes for yeast expressing these constructs. Mutations in the beginning and middle regions of the CTD had drastic, and region-specific effects, while mutating the distal region had no observable phenotype. Further mutational analysis determined that Ser5 within the first region of repeats was solely responsible for the observed growth differences and sequencing fast-growing suppressors allowed us to further define the functional regions of the CTD. This mutational analysis is consistent with current structural models for how the RNAPII holoenzyme and the CTD specifically would reside in complex with Mediator and establishes a foundation for studying regioselective binding along the repetitive RNAPII CTD.
La Biología y las Matemáticas
Authors: León Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2018

Los hallazgos de Mendel y sus leyes1 han trascendido en la comprensión de la Biología y la Medicina, dicho trabajo abrió las puertas para que otros científicos como Hardy y Weinberg demostraran que las matemáticas tienen un rol fundamental en la comprensión de distintos fenómenos biológicos y de esta forma el equilibrio en las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas2 es más que el binomio cuadrado perfecto. Mediante las matemáticas se percibe que, tras cierto número de generaciones en una población de tamaño infinito se logra un equilibrio genético siempre y cuando se cumplan algunas condiciones como el apareamiento aleatorio, ausencia del efecto fundador, sin deriva genética, entre otros; siendo lo anterior fundamental para comprender diferentes fenómenos genéticos relacionados con la herencia y la genética poblacional. Años más tarde, Fisher empleó las matemáticas para combinar las leyes de Mendel con la selección natural de Darwin y de esta forma plantear su propia teoría evolutiva.Como los ejemplos anteriores, existen otros trabajos donde la biología celular y molecular, la medicina, las ingenierías, la economía, la agronomía se robustecen con el poder que tienen las matemáticas para comprender los fenómenos biológicos relacionados con cambios en secuencias de ADN3, polimorfismos genéticos4, en proteínas5, en la fisiología celular, en un organismo o en una comunidad. Es por ello que cada día la estadística aplicada tiene impacto a nivel clínico, social y de salud pública pues fortalece diversas áreas del conocimiento que se apoyan en un sin número de algoritmos matemáticos y abre la posibilidad para plantear diseños de experimentos, análisis e interpretación de datos, comprender la magnitud de los errores y la toma de decisiones frente a los datos que se generan, puesto que cuantifican y cualifican imparcialmente los resultados en la investigación
La Biotecnología Vegetal Como Herramienta Para La Conservación De La Biodiversidad
Authors: Chacín Zambrano Christian Andrei 
Published: March 2018

Introducción: Colombia por su privilegiada ubicacióngeográfica y gran variedad de biomas y ecosistemas, ofrece unarica diversidad en flora estimada en más de 45.000 especies,equivalente al 10% del total de los géneros que existen a nivelmundial'. Además, nuestra biodiversidad nos lleva a ostentar elprimer lugar en variedades de orquídeas, con 4.010 especies, ya su vez el tercero en variedades de palma, con 231 especies?.La distribución de la riqueza vegetal en nuestro país muestra laregión andina como la más favorecida, seguida por el chocó y laamazonia?. Dentro de la región andina, Santander es uno de losdepartamentos con mayor número de ecosistemas, gracias a sugeomorfología, siendo potencia en la actividad agroforestal la cualha sido vital en el desarrollo de Santander, donde indudablementesu fortaleza se encuentra en los cultivos permanentes, con untotal sembrado de 171. 845 hectáreas de los cuales la caña, lamora y la piña aportan un 16% total* Sin embargo, la ejecuciónde políticas inadecuadas de ocupación y utilización del territorio,la deforestación, la sobreexplotación y demás métodos para laproducción masiva ha ido deteriorando poco a poco los hábitatsponiendo en peligro muchas de las especies nativas de la regiónpor falta de conocimiento al llevar a cabo sistemas agroforestalessostenibles*. Es porello que, siendo conscientes delas necesidadesde la región por salvaguardar los recursos genéticos, se establecióun banco de germoplasma con el fin de preservar las especiespropias y que por años han sido un motor en el sector productivoagropecuario para el Departamento de Santander como lo son laPiña oro miel (Ananas sativus (lindI) schulb), la guayaba silvestre(Psidium guajava 1.), la mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus), la cañade azúcar (Saccharum officinarum), frijol arbustivo (Phaseolusvulgaris) (y aromáticas tales como Orégano (Origanum vulgare),Mentha Piperita (Mentha x piperita), utilizando la técnica del cultivoin vitro vegetal, para ello se estandarizó un método de desinfecciónteniendo en cuenta el tipo de desinfectante, las concentracionesy tiempos de exposición con el explante, realizando medicionesde porcentaje de oxidación, porcentaje de explantes prósperos yporcentajes de explantes contaminados; así mismo, se desarrollóla fase de establecimiento de cada uno de los cultivares a partirde diferentes formulaciones en medios de cultivos teniendo encuenta los tiempos de formación de brotes, el porcentaje degerminación entre otros, para finalizar con el establecimiento de
la fase de multiplicación de los explantes, dondese evaluaron variables tales altura de la plántula,número de hojas, tamaño de la raíz y la relaciónde multiplicación.
Dentro de los resultados generados se obtuvoprotocolos para el proceso de desinfección, lasformulaciones de los medios de cultivo para cadauno de las especies en su fase de establecimientoy multiplicación y a su vez, una relación demultiplicación de 1:20, es decir que a partir deun explante, se alcanzó la multiplicación de 20plántulas.
Plan De Manejo Ambiental Para El Control De Gallinazos Del Municipio De Bucaramanga 2017
Authors: Patiño Cruz Carlos Alberto 
Published: March 2018

Con el término de Peligro aviario se conoció inicialmente el riesgoque supone para las aeronaves y su operación la presencia deaves silvestres y otro grupo de fauna en los aeropuertos y susinmediaciones, hoy denominado Peligro de la Fauna. El vuelo delas aves en zonas donde las aeronaves transitan a baja alturay particularmente en zonas aledañas a los aeródromos, o en latrayectoria de aproximación o salida de los mismos, constituyeun grave e inminente riesgo para dichas aeronaves ante laposibilidad de que sean impactadas por aquellas durante susfases de despegue y ascenso o de aproximación y aterrizaje, queson precisamente las fases más críticas del vuelo.
La Aeronautica Civil del Aeropuerto Internacional Palonegro deBucaramanga, ha considerado que la mayor especie de avecausante del Peligro Aviar es la del Gallinazo Negro (Coragypsbechstein), debido a que el vuelo de dicho espécimen coincidecon la rutas de salida e ingreso de las aeronaves al aeropuerto,además es una especie que se encuentra en proliferación, yaque ha adaptado como habita el sector del relleno sanitario “ElCarrasco” y como fuente de alimentación los puntos críticos o focosde contaminación que se encuentran en el radio de aproximaciónal aeródromo, por ende su tránsito genera un riesgo al buenfuncionamiento de las instalaciones del Aeropuerto InternacionalPalonegro. Cabe resaltar que en lo transcurrido del presente añola Aeronáutica civil ha reportado un promedio de 3 incidentes pormes, incluyendo el ulitimo registrado el pasado 31 de mayo del2017, en donde El vuelo identificado como AV 9461 de Avianca,que cubría la ruta Bucaramanga — Bogotá, debió regresar alaeropuerto Palonegro, después de a pocos minutos de despegar.El incidente fue ocasionado por la colisión entre esta aeronave yun ave de la especie gallinazo negro (Coragyps Bechstein).
La alcaldía de Bucaramanga a través de la Subsecretaríadel Medio Ambiente, ha realizado diferentes tipos accionespara la reducción del peligro aviario presente en el AeropuertoInternacional de Palonegro, dentro de las cuales se encuentrala actualización del Plan de Manejo Ambiental para el Controlde Gallinazos año 2017, documento que contiene programas yproyectos con la finalidad de brindar control a los puntos críticosy focos de atracción de la especie Gallinazo Negro (Coragypsatratus).
Unscarred uterine rupture: a retrospective analysis in tertiary center
Authors: Verma Madhureema , Bairwa Radheshyam 
Published: March 2018

Background: Uterine rupture is a catastrophic obstetrical emergency associated with a significant fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. Many risk factors for uterine rupture, as well as a wide range of clinical presentations have been identified. The objectives of the present study were to analyze the frequency, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcomes of unscarred uterine rupture.Methods: A retrospective analysis of cases of unscarred uterine rupture was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Jhalawar medical college Jhalawar Rajasthan from January 2009 to December 2016.Results: Our analysis comprised of 11 cases with unscarred uterine rupture. Incidence of unscarred uterine rupture is 0.01% or 1/10,000 deliveries.Conclusions: In our study there was no history of uterine scarring so the main predisposing factor are maltiparity and obstructed labour. The grand multiparas women and obstructed labour must be managed by proper trained personnel and in tertiary care center in order to avoid the morbidity and mortality.