bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome‐wide comparison of selenium hyperaccumulator and nonaccumulator Stanleya species provides new insight into key processes mediating the hyperaccumulation syndrome
Authors: Wang Jiameng , Cappa Jennifer J. , Harris Jonathan P. , Edger Patrick P. , Zhou Wen , Pires J. Chris , Adair Michael , Unruh Sarah A. , Simmons Mark P. , Schiavon Michela , Pilon‐Smits Elizabeth A. H. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryTo obtain better insight into the mechanisms of selenium hyperaccumulation in Stanleya pinnata, transcriptome‐wide differences in root and shoot gene expression levels were investigated in S. pinnata and related nonaccumulator Stanleya elata grown with or without 20 μm selenate. Genes predicted to be involved in sulphate/selenate transport and assimilation or in oxidative stress resistance (glutathione‐related genes and peroxidases) were among the most differentially expressed between species; many showed constitutively elevated expression in S. pinnata. A number of defence‐related genes predicted to mediate synthesis and signalling of defence hormones jasmonic acid (JA, reported to induce sulphur assimilatory and glutathione biosynthesis genes), salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene were also more expressed in S. pinnata than S. elata. Several upstream signalling genes that up‐regulate defence hormone synthesis showed higher expression in S. pinnata than S. elata and might trigger these selenium‐mediated defence responses. Thus, selenium hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in S. pinnata may be mediated by constitutive, up‐regulated JA, SA and ethylene‐mediated defence systems, associated with elevated expression of genes involved in sulphate/selenate uptake and assimilation or in antioxidant activity. Genes pinpointed in this study may be targets of genetic engineering of plants that may be employed in biofortification or phytoremediation.
Anosognosia in mild Alzheimer's disease is correlated with not only neural dysfunction but also compensation
Authors: Tagai Kenji , Shinagawa Shunichiro , Kada Hidehiro , Inamura Keisuke , Nagata Tomoyuki , Nakayama Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundAnosognosia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complicated, non‐unitary phenomenon. In a clinical setting, patients with mild AD often preserve their awareness partially. We hypothesized that compensation, as well as neural dysfunction, could be correlated with anosognosia in mild AD.MethodsThe severity of anosognosia was evaluated using the Anosognosia Questionnaire for Dementia in 37 subjects with mild AD or mild cognitive impairment due to AD. The subjects also underwent single‐photon emission computed tomography with N‐isopropyl‐p‐[123I]iodoamphetamine. Correlation between the severity of anosognosia and perfusion was assessed, and anosognosia (+) and (−) groups were compared.ResultsThe severity of anosognosia was relatively mild; the mean Anosognosia Questionnaire for Dementia score was 6.76 ± 14.16. Subjects were divided into two groups: anosognosia (+) (n = 11) and anosognosia (−) (n = 26). In the single‐photon emission computed tomography data analysis, the severity of anosognosia was correlated with both lower regional cerebral blood flows of the right prefrontal cortex and higher regional cerebral blood flows of the parietal cortex, especially the left temporo‐parietal junction.ConclusionsOur results suggest that anosognosia in mild AD could be correlated with compensation as well as neural dysfunction. We speculate that this compensation may be related to the retrieval of outdated autobiographical memory.
Reliability and structural validity of the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version
Authors: Chen Suhong , Lin Kai , Wang Hanxiao , Yamakawa Miyae , Makimoto Kiyoko , Liao Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundWith the increasing number of dementia patients in China, there is a pressing need for a reliable and valid Chinese instrument that can measure neuropsychiatric symptoms in institutionalized dementia patients. This study examined the reliability and structural validity of the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version (NPI‐NH), in a sample of institutionalized dementia patients in China.MethodsA total of 112 residents with dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating = 1: 10.7%; Clinical Dementia Rating = 2: 39.3%; Clinical Dementia Rating = 3: 50.0%) and 30 informants participated in this cross‐sectional study. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s α and intra‐class correlation coefficient. Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the factor structure of the inventory.ResultsOf the patients, 92.9% had at least one neuropsychiatric symptom. Apathy (57%) was the most common symptom. The Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version, showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s α for the total scale, frequency, severity, and disturbance subscales were 0.64, 0.70, 0.73, and 0.80, respectively) and test–retest reliability (intra‐class correlation coefficient for the total scale, frequency, severity, and disturbance subscales were 0.93, 0.92, 0.89, and 0.91, respectively). Five factors—psychomotor behaviour, affective symptoms, psychosis, sleep disorders, and eating disorders—were identified for the total scale. The cluster symptoms aggression and irritability, depression and anxiety, and delusions and hallucinations were three of the optimally stable groups of symptoms.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version, is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating neuropsychiatric symptoms in institutionalized dementia patients.
The effects of two different types of bandage contact lenses on the healthy canine eye
Authors: Braus Barbara Katharina , Riedler Daniela , Tichy Alexander , Spergser Joachim , Schwendenwein Ilse 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare two types of bandage contact lenses on the healthy canine eye.Animals studiedSix healthy Beagles.ProceduresTwo different types of bandage contact lenses (single sized human silicone contact lens ‘PureVision 2’ (Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Rochester, NY, USA) and specially designed veterinary hydrogel contact lens ‘AcriVet Pat D’ (Bausch & Lomb Incorporated) were placed in 12 eyes of healthy Beagle dogs. Retention times and the effects of the lenses regarding irritation of the eye, changes in tear production, impact of contact lenses on tonometric readings, and cytologic and microbiological alterations of the canine eye were investigated.ResultsMean retention times for veterinary hydrogel lenses with special dimensions were significantly shorter (2 days) than for one size human silicon lenses (8.8 days). Irritation scores were overall low for both types of lenses apart from one human lens causing severe irritation and keratoconjunctivitis as a sequel to folding and displacement. Tear production remained stable in human contact lenses. Intraocular pressure readings with a contact lens in place were only slightly altered; the most accurate readings were obtained through a human lens with an applanation tonometer. Cytology revealed a slight, nonsignificant increase in neutrophilic granulocytes with both types of lenses; the microflora did not change significantly.DiscussionHuman silicone lenses have significantly longer retention times and are less expensive than veterinary hydrogel lenses. In regard to irritation, bacterial growth and inflammation, both types of lenses can be recommended for use in canine eyes.
Psychometric properties of health related quality of life measures in acute coronary syndrome patients: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Brasil Virginia , Oliveira Gabriela , Moraes Katarinne Lima 
Published: February 2018

Review question/objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of patient-reported outcome measures that assess health-related quality of life in patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.
Cost-effectiveness of the antimicrobial treatment for inpatients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase: a systematic review protocol
Authors: dos Santos Wendel Mombaque , Matuoka Jessica Yumi , Secoli Silvia Regina 
Published: February 2018

Review question/objective:
The objective of this review is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy treatment for inpatients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase.
More specifically, the review question is: What is the best evidence on the cost-effectiveness of the antimicrobial treatment for inpatients infected with Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase?”
Effectiveness of universal hyperbilirubinemia screening on newborn health: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Khurshid Faiza , Medves Jennifer 
Published: February 2018

Review question/objective:
The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of the universal hyperbilirubinemia screening program on common newborn health outcomes.
Specifically, the review will assess: the incidence of severe hyperbilirubinemia/kernicterus/exchange transfusion, rate of readmission due to jaundice, length of hospital stay on birth admission, rate and utilization of phototherapy during birth hospitalization, and jaundice related emergency visits.
Use of a standardized care communication checklist during multidisciplinary rounds in pediatric cardiac intensive care: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Boydston Julianna 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This project aimed to improve thoroughness and continuity of care of patients in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit. Specific objectives were to increase support of clinical nurse and family participation in multidisciplinary rounds (MDR), as well as full use of a multi-component Complex Care Checklist (CCC) by all nurses in this unit.

Introduction:
Communication and collaboration are paramount for safe care and positive outcomes of critically ill patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Nurse participation in daily patient rounding enhances individualized goal-setting. Concomitant use of a communication checklist promotes comprehensive delivery of care.

Methods:
Evidence-based audit criteria were developed for this project which used the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) tools for promoting change in health practice. Direct observation of MDR processes was used to conduct a baseline and post-implementation audit. Intervention strategies relied primarily on nurse education tactics.

Results:
Although attending physicians’ and charge nurses’ support and facilitation of clinical nurse presence during MDR rose substantially to 95% compliance, only moderate compliance (67%) was demonstrated for clinical nurses’ attendance at and participation in MDR. Compliance with nurses’ report of the patient's daily care plan and completion of CCC components during MDR improved moderately (52% and 54%). Family attendance at MDR did not improve.

Conclusions:
Project aims of enhanced thoroughness and continuity of care of patients with congenital heart defects were realized through an improved MDR process enhanced with a care communication checklist and clinical nurse participation. With the support of attending physicians and charge nurses, clinical nurses felt more empowered to address care concerns during MDR. The project outcomes indicated further activities are needed to assist nurses with a higher level of participating in MDR and using the CCC to its full potential. Continued evolution of the rounding process is imperative to adapting to patient needs and improving care.
Interaction between Toll-Like Receptor 9-CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides and Hepatitis B Virus Virions Leads to Entry Inhibition in Hepatocytes and Reduction of Alpha Interferon Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells
Authors: Aillot Ludovic , Bonnin Marc , Ait-Goughoulte Malika , Bendriss-Vermare Nathalie , Maadadi Sarah , Dimier Laura , Subic Miroslava , Scholtes Caroline , Najera Isabel , Zoulim Fabien , Lucifora Julie , Durantel David 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
We previously reported that Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-CpG oligonucleotides could inhibit the establishment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in hepatocytes. Our aim was to uncover the underlying mechanisms of this inhibition. HepaRG cells, RPMI-B lymphoblastoma cells, and primary plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exposed to HBV and TLR9 ligands/agonists in various configurations were used. We observed an inhibition of HBV infection upon TLR9 stimulations only when agonist was applied during inoculation. This inhibition was independent of interleukin-6 (IL-6)/interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) production as well as of TLR9 expression in hepatocytes. We further demonstrated an entry inhibition mechanism by showing a noncovalent binding of TLR9 agonist to HBV particles. Besides inhibiting HBV entry into hepatocytes, this biophysical interaction between HBV virions and TLR9 agonist was responsible for a reduction of alpha interferon (IFN-α) expression by pDCs. Interestingly, subviral particles composed of only HBsAg were able to genuinely inhibit the TLR9 pathway, without titrating TLR9 ligands. To conclude, our data suggest that synthetic TLR9-CpG oligonucleotides can strongly inhibit HBV entry by “coating” HBV virions and thereby preventing their interaction with cellular receptor. This titration effect of TLR9 agonist is also artifactually responsible for the inhibition of TLR9 engagement in pDCs, whereas a genuine inhibition of this innate pathway was confirmed with HBsAg subviral particles.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Circular Extrachromosomal Element of
Naegleria gruberi
Strain EGB Ribosomal DNA
Authors: Mullican John C. , Chapman Nora M. , Tracy Steven 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

The circular extrachromosomal element of
Naegleria gruberi
strain EGB was linearized, molecularly cloned, and fully sequenced. The sequence comprises 14,007 bp and encodes the organism’s rRNA genes, two potential open reading frames, and numerous repeated sequence regions.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Myoviral Bacteriophage YS35, Which Causes the Lysis of a Multidrug-Resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Strain
Authors: Yu Sheng , Huang Honglan , Hao Yuchong , Shi Hongyan , Zhao Chunyan , Sun Yanbo 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

The lytic bacteriophage YS35, which is capable of lysing multidrug-resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strains, was isolated from a sewage sample. Here, we describe the complete genome sequence of this myoviral bacteriophage, which contains 93,296 bp of double-stranded DNA and has a 49.4% G+C content.
Complete Genome Sequence of Beak and Feather Disease Virus Isolated from an African Grey Parrot in China in 2017
Authors: Guo Xuejun , Ge Xinna , Chang Jianyu 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
The complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) was determined. The viral genome consists of 1,991 nt, including an 870-nt open reading frame 1 (ORF1), a 744-nt ORF2, a conserved stem-loop structure, and the second hairpin. This is the first reported detection of BFDV in an infected African grey parrot in China.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Cyanobacterium
sp. Strain HL-69, Isolated from a Benthic Microbial Mat from a Magnesium Sulfate-Dominated Hypersaline Lake
Authors: Mobberley J. M. , Romine M. F. , Cole J. K. , Maezato Y. , Lindemann S. R. , Nelson W. C. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of
Cyanobacterium
sp. strain HL-69 consists of 3,155,247 bp and contains 2,897 predicted genes comprising a chromosome and two plasmids. The genome is consistent with a halophilic nondiazotrophic phototrophic lifestyle, and this organism is able to synthesize most B vitamins and produces several secondary metabolites.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Nonheterocystous Cyanobacterium
Pseudanabaena
sp. ABRG5-3
Authors: Tajima Naoyuki , Kanesaki Yu , Sato Shusei , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Maruyama Fumito , Kurokawa Ken , Ohta Hiroyuki , Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Asayama Munehiko , Sato Naoki 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete sequences of the main genome (4.8 Mb) and seven plasmids of the semifilamentous, nonheterocystous cyanobacterium
Pseudanabaena
sp. ABRG5-3, a strain isolated from a pond in Japan. These data are expected to enhance our understanding of the
Pseudanabaena
subclade near the root of cyanobacterial diversity.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Increases Functional PD-L1 Synergistically with Gamma Interferon in Intestinal Epithelial Cells via Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2
Authors: Sahler J. M. , Eade C. R. , Altier C. , March J. C. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTNontyphoidal serovars ofSalmonella entericaare pathogenic bacteria that are common causes of food poisoning. WhereasSalmonellamechanisms of host cell invasion, inflammation, and pathogenesis are mostly well established, a new possible mechanism of immune evasion is being uncovered. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immunosuppressive membrane protein that binds to activated T cells via their PD-1 receptor and thereby halts their activation. PD-L1 expression plays an essential role in the immunological tolerance of self-antigens but is also exploited for immune evasion by pathogen-infected cells and cancer cells. Here, we show for the first time thatSalmonellainfection of intestinal epithelial cells causes the induction of PD-L1. The increased expression of PD-L1 throughSalmonellainfection was seen in both human and rat intestinal epithelial cell lines. We determined that cellular invasion by the bacteria is necessary for PD-L1 induction, potentially indicating thatSalmonellastrains are delivering mediators from inside the host cell that trigger the increased PD-L1 expression. Using knockout mutants, we determined that this effect largely originates from theSalmonellapathogenicity island 2. We also show for the first time in any cell type thatSalmonellacombined with gamma interferon (IFN-γ) causes a synergistic induction of PD-L1. Finally, we show thatSalmonellaplus IFN-γ induction of PD-L1 decreased the cytokine production of activated T cells. UnderstandingSalmonellaimmune evasion strategies could generate new therapeutic targets and help to manipulate PD-L1 expression in other diseases.
Differential Delivery of Genomic Double-Stranded RNA Causes Reovirus Strain-Specific Differences in Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Activation
Authors: Stuart Johnasha D. , Holm Geoffrey H. , Boehme Karl W. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Serotype 3 (T3) reoviruses induce substantially more type 1 interferon (IFN-I) secretion than serotype 1 (T1) strains. However, the mechanisms underlying differences in IFN-I production between T1 and T3 reoviruses remain undefined. Here, we found that differences in IFN-I production between T1 and T3 reoviruses correlate with activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), a key transcription factor for the production of IFN-I. T3 strain rsT3D activated IRF3 more rapidly and to a greater extent than the T1 strain rsT1L, in simian virus 40 (SV40) immortalized endothelial cells (SVECs). Differences in IRF3 activation between rsT1L and rsT3D were observed in the first hours of infection and were independent of
de novo
viral RNA and protein synthesis. NF-κB activation mirrored IRF3 activation, with rsT3D inducing more NF-κB activity than rsT1L. We also found that IRF3 and NF-κB are activated in a mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent manner. rsT1L does not suppress IRF3 activation, as IRF3 phosphorylation could be induced in rsT1L-infected cells. Transfected rsT1L and rsT3D RNA induced IRF3 phosphorylation, indicating that genomic RNA from both strains has the capacity to activate IRF3. Finally, bypassing the normal route of reovirus entry by transfecting
in vitro
-generated viral cores revealed that rsT1L and rsT3D core particles induced equivalent IRF3 activation. Taken together, our findings indicate that entry-related events that occur after outer capsid disassembly, but prior to deposition of viral cores into the cytoplasm, influence the efficiency of IFN-I responses to reovirus. This work provides further insight into mechanisms by which nonenveloped viruses activate innate immune responses.

IMPORTANCE
Detection of viral nucleic acids by the host cell triggers type 1 interferon (IFN-I) responses, which are critical for containing and clearing viral infections. Viral RNA is sensed in the cytoplasm by cellular receptors that initiate signaling pathways, leading to the activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and NF-κB, key transcription factors required for IFN-I induction. Serotype 3 (T3) reoviruses induce significantly more IFN-I than serotype 1 (T1) strains. In this work, we found that differences in IFN-I production by T1 and T3 reoviruses correlate with differential IRF3 activation. Differences in IRF3 activation are not caused by a blockade of the IRF3 activation by a T1 strain. Rather, differences in events during the late stages of viral entry determine the capacity of reovirus to activate host IFN-I responses. Together, our work provides insight into mechanisms of IFN-I induction by nonenveloped viruses.