bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPACT CARDINALS AND EIGHT VALUES IN CICHOŃ’S DIAGRAM
Authors: KELLNER JAKOB , TĂNASIE ANDA RAMONA , TONTI FABIO ELIO 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAssuming three strongly compact cardinals, it is consistent that$${\aleph _1} < add\left( {\cal N} \right) < cov\left( {\cal N} \right) &#x003C; \mathfrakb &#x003C; \mathfrakd < non\left( {\cal N} \right) < cof\left( {\cal N} \right) < {2^{{\aleph _0}}}.$$Under the same assumption, it is consistent that$${\aleph _1} < add\left( {\cal N} \right) < cov\left( {\cal N} \right) < non\left( {\cal M} \right) < cov\left( {\cal M} \right) < non\left( {\cal N} \right) < cof\left( {\cal N} \right) < {2^{{\aleph _0}}}.$$
VARSOVIAN MODELS I
Authors: SARGSYAN GRIGOR , SCHINDLER RALF 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLet Msw denote the least iterable inner model with a strong cardinal above a Woodin cardinal. By [11], Msw has a fully iterable core model, ${K^{{M_{{\rm{sw}}}}}}$, and Msw is thus the least iterable extender model which has an iterable core model with a Woodin cardinal. In V, ${K^{{M_{{\rm{sw}}}}}}$ is an iterate of Msw via its iteration strategy Σ.We here show that Msw has a bedrock which arises from ${K^{{M_{{\rm{sw}}}}}}$ by telling ${K^{{M_{{\rm{sw}}}}}}$ a specific fragment ${\rm{\bar{\Sigma }}}$ of its own iteration strategy, which in turn is a tail of Σ. Hence Msw is a generic extension of $L[{K^{{M_{{\rm{sw}}}}}},{\rm{\bar{\Sigma }}}]$, but the latter model is not a generic extension of any inner model properly contained in it.These results generalize to models of the form Ms (x) for a cone of reals x, where Ms (x) denotes the least iterable inner model with a strong cardinal containing x. In particular, the least iterable inner model with a strong cardinal above two (or seven, or boundedly many) Woodin cardinals has a 2-small core model K with a Woodin cardinal and its bedrock is again of the form $L[K,{\rm{\bar{\Sigma }}}]$.
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of tick-borne diseases at One Sentinel Hospital in Northeastern China
Authors: Liu Hong-Bo , Wei Ran , Ni Xue-Bing , Zheng Yuan-Chun , Huo Qiu-Bo , Jiang Bao-Gui , Ma Lan , Jiang Rui-Ruo , Lv Jin , Liu Yun-Xi , Yang Fang , Zhang Yun-Huan , Jiang Jia-Fu , Jia Na , Cao Wu-Chun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNortheastern China is a region of high tick abundance, multiple tick-borne pathogens and likely human infections. The spectrum of diseases caused by tick-borne pathogens has not been objectively evaluated in this region for clinical management and for comparison with other regions globally where tick-transmitted diseases are common. Based on clinical symptoms, PCR, indirect immunofluorescent assay and (or) blood smear, we identified and described tick-borne diseases from patients with recent tick bite seen at Mudanjiang Forestry Central Hospital. From May 2010 to September 2011, 42% (75/180) of patients were diagnosed with a specific tick-borne disease, including Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human babesiosis and spotted fever group rickettsiosis. When we compared clinical and laboratory features to identify factors that might discriminate tick-transmitted infections from those lacking that evidence, we revealed that erythema migrans and neurological manifestations were statistically significantly differently presented between those with and without documented aetiologies (P< 0.001,P= 0.003). Twelve patients (6.7%, 12/180) were co-infected with two tick-borne pathogens. We demonstrated the poor ability of clinicians to identify the specific tick-borne disease. In addition, it is necessary to develop specific laboratory assays for optimal diagnosis of tick-borne diseases.
Text analytics APIs, Part 2: The smaller players
Authors: DALE ROBERT 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIt seems like there’s yet another cloud-based text analytics Application Programming Interface (API) on the market every few weeks. If you’re interested in building an application using these kinds of services, how do you decide which API to go for? In the previous Industry Watch post, we looked at the text analytics APIs from the behemoths in the cloud software world: Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft. In this post, we survey sixteen APIs offered by smaller players in the market.
Making salt-reduced products more appealing to consumers: impact of front-of-pack messages on liking and table salt use over time
Authors: Zandstra Elizabeth H , Willems Astrid A , Lion René 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe current study investigated the impact of different front-of-pack messages on liking, salt perception and table salt use of salt-reduced soups over repeated consumption.DesignIn a between-subjects design, participants consumed a chicken noodle soup five times over 3 weeks. Participants were assigned to one of five experimental conditions and were categorized into three ‘Interest in Salt Reduction’ groups based on their self-reported interest in salt reduction. They consumed a regular-salt soup or a 30 % salt-reduced soup, either with or without a front-of-pack message (nutritional, sensory or social based). Liking, salt perception and table salt use were measured at each consumption.SettingCentral location test.SubjectsBritish consumers (n 493) aged 24–65 years.ResultsThe soups remained stable in liking over repeated consumption, with no significant differences between the experimental conditions. However, liking did differ among the different Interest in Salt Reduction groups: the ‘not aware, no action’ group liked salt-reduced soups with a nutritional message the most, whereas the ‘aware and action’ group liked salt-reduced soups with a social message the most. There was no change in the amount of table salt added as people got more familiar with the salt-reduced soups, suggesting a strong role for habit in table salt use.ConclusionsIt mattered whether consumers were thinking about reducing their salt intake or not: a communication message tailored to a country’s interest in reducing salt is recommended to motivate consumers to lower their salt intake.
Rediscovering the disc origin of the Milky Way bulge
Authors: Fragkoudi F. , Di Matteo P. , Haywood M. , Gómez A. , Khoperskov S. , Katz D. , Schultheis M. , Combes F. , Semelin B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe explore morphological, kinematic and chemical trends of boxy/peanut (b/p) bulges of Milky Way (MW)-type galaxies, to better understand the formation history of the MW’s bulge. We show, using N-body simulations with both a kinematically cold and a kinematically hot disc, that colder populations develop a more prominent bar and X-shaped peanut as compared to their hotter counterpart. Colder discs also exhibit lower line-of-sight velocities (when viewed edge-on) at the edges of the b/p compared to hot discs, in agreement with what is seen for the MW bulge. Furthermore, we explore an N-body model which has three co-spatial discs with metallicities which correspond to the stellar populations of the inner Milky Way, where the α-enhanced thick disc populations are massive and centrally concentrated. The metallicity trends seen in observations of the Bulge can be reproduced in the model without the need of adding any additional components, which hints to the disc origin of the MW’s bulge.
Survey of Thermal Plasma Composition in Saturn's Magnetosphere Using Time‐of‐Flight Data From Cassini/CAPS
Authors: Felici M. , Arridge C. S. , Wilson R. J. , Coates A. J. , Thomsen M. , Reisenfeld D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe Cassini spacecraft orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017, and in 2006 it started exploring the deep magnetotail, reaching distances of about 68 RS (where RS is the equatorial radius of Saturn). Since Cassini covered a broad area of Saturn's magnetosphere, this raises the question of what is the typical and atypical plasma composition in different regions of Saturn's environment. In this paper, we present a survey of the bulk plasma composition using time‐of‐flight data from the Plasma Spectrometer/Ion Mass Spectrometer instrument on Cassini, from 2004 through 2012. This is the most comprehensive study ever made of relative abundances of thermal plasma at Saturn, maximizing the use of Cassini's orbital coverage in Saturn's magnetosphere during those years, and, therefore, the sensitivity to seasonal or natural variability of the system. We studied the ratio of counts between ions with E/q≃1.19–21,300 eV/q and mass per charge equal to 2 (either H
or He++) and ionized hydrogen ([(m/q = 2)]/[H+]), and a mixture of ions (H2O+, H3O+, OH+, and O+), known as the water group (W+) and ionized hydrogen ([W+]/[H+]). We present the data as a function of position in the magnetosphere, radial distance and local time, and distance from the planet and longitude with respect to the moons Enceladus, Dione, Rhea, and Titan. We found that the plasma composition in Saturn's magnetosphere presents significant local time asymmetries and variability.
Advancing Graph‐Based Algorithms for Predicting Flow and Transport in Fractured Rock
Authors: Viswanathan H. S. , Hyman J. D. , Karra S. , O'Malley D. , Srinivasan S. , Hagberg A. , Srinivasan G. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDiscrete fracture network (DFN) models are a powerful alternative to continuum models for subsurface flow and transport simulations because they explicitly include fracture geometry and network topology, thereby allowing for better characterization of the latter's influence on flow and transport through fractured media. Recent advances in high performance computing have opened the door for flow and transport simulations in large explicit three‐dimensional DFN, but this increase in model fidelity and system size comes at a huge computational cost because of the large number of mesh elements required to represent thousands of fractures (with sizes that can range several orders of magnitude, from millimeter to kilometer). In most subsurface applications, fracture characteristics are only known statistically and numerous realizations are needed to bound uncertainty in flow and transport in the system, thereby exacerbating the computational burden. Graphs provide a simple and elegant way to characterize, query, and interrogate fracture network connectivity. We propose a DFN model reduction framework where various graph representations are used in conjunction with high‐fidelity DFN simulations to increase computational efficiency while retaining accuracy of key quantities of interest. The appropriate choice of a graph representation, namely, which attributes of the DFN are to be represented as nodes and which ones as edges connecting those nodes, depends on the relevant scientific questions. We demonstrate that the proposed DFN model reduction framework provides an efficient means for DFN modeling through both system reduction of the DFN using graph‐based properties and combining DFN and graph‐based flow and transport simulations.
Kinematics and Dynamics of the Pamir, Central Asia: Quantifying the Roles of Continental Subduction in Force Balance
Authors: Jay Cassidy N. , Flesch Lucy M. , Bendick Rebecca O. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn updated kinematic model constrained by GPS observations and fault slip rate information from the Central Asia Fault Database provides updated modeled slip rates for major faults in the Pamir. The kinematic model constrains thin sheet continuum mechanics models that distinguish the contributions of subducting continental lithosphere to force balance. Dynamic model sensitivity tests show that major features of the force balance results are insensitive to chosen lithospheric compensation style, integration depth, and inclusion of subducting low‐density continental lithosphere in the upper 100 km. Forward models incorporate deviatoric stresses associated with gravitational potential energy, velocity boundary conditions, and lateral strength variations. Differential strain rate fields, which represent residual forces not accounted for in the forward models, separate and quantify the deformation associated with the Pamir slab. The downward pull of foundering lithosphere augments compression along the Pamir Frontal Thrust System and shear along the eastern and western Pamir boundaries. North‐south extension in the residual differential strain rate field is spatially associated with Pamir gneiss domes and may be related to the interaction of the slab with the mantle. We do not find evidence for slab pull associated with a separate Hindu Kush slab.
Culture- and metagenomics-enabled analyses of the Methanosphaera genus reveals their monophyletic origin and differentiation according to genome size
Authors: Hoedt Emily C , Parks Donovan H , Volmer James G , Rosewarne Carly P , Denman Stuart E , McSweeney Christopher S , Muir Jane G , Gibson Peter R , Cuív Páraic Ó , Hugenholtz Philip , Tyson Gene W , Morrison Mark 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The genus Methanosphaera is a well-recognized but poorly characterized member of the mammalian gut microbiome, and distinctive from Methanobrevibacter smithii for its ability to induce a pro-inflammatory response in humans. Here we have used a combination of culture- and metagenomics-based approaches to expand the representation and information for the genus, which has supported the examination of their phylogeny and physiological capacity. Novel isolates of the genus Methanosphaera were recovered from bovine rumen digesta and human stool, with the bovine isolate remarkable for its large genome size relative to other Methanosphaera isolates from monogastric hosts. To substantiate this observation, we then recovered seven high-quality Methanosphaera-affiliated population genomes from ruminant and human gut metagenomic datasets. Our analyses confirm a monophyletic origin of Methanosphaera spp. and that the colonization of monogastric and ruminant hosts favors representatives of the genus with different genome sizes, reflecting differences in the genome content needed to persist in these different habitats.
Exome-first approach identified novel INDELs and gene deletions in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome patients
Authors: Gosso Maria Florencia , Rohr Cristian , Brun Bianca , Mejico Guadalupe , Madeira Fernanda , Fay Fabian , Klurfan Melina , Vazquez Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is characterized by severe intellectual disability, absent or impaired speech and microcephaly, with a gradual post-natal onset. The syndrome is often confused with other Angelman-like syndromes (ALS) during infancy, but in older children and adults, the characteristic facial gestalt of Mowat–Wilson syndrome allows it to be distinguished easily from ALS. We report two cases in which an exome-first approach of patients with MWS identified two novel deletions in the ZEB2 gene ranging from a 4 base deletion (case 1) to at least a 573 Kb deletion (case 2).
First detection of H2S in a protoplanetary disk
Authors: Phuong N. T. , Chapillon E. , Majumdar L. , Dutrey A. , Guilloteau S. , Piétu V. , Wakelam V. , Diep P. N. , Tang Y.-W. , Beck T. , Bary J. 
Published: August 2018

Context. Studying molecular species in protoplanetary disks is very useful to characterize the properties of these objects, which are the site of planet formation.
Aims. We attempt to constrain the chemistry of S-bearing molecules in the cold parts of circumstellar disk of GG Tau A.
Methods. We searched for H2S, CS, SO, and SO2 in the dense disk around GG Tau A with the NOrthem Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometer. We analyzed our data using the radiative transfer code DiskFit and the three-phase chemical model Nautilus.
Results. We detected H2S emission from the dense and cold ring orbiting around GG Tau A. This is the first detection of H2S in a protoplanetary disk. We also detected HCO+, H13CO+, and DCO+ in the disk. Upper limits for other molecules, CCS, SO2, SO, HC3N, and c-C3H2 are also obtained. The observed DCO+/HCO+ ratio is similar to those in other disks. The observed column densities, derived using our radiative transfer code DiskFit, are then compared with those from our chemical code Nautilus. The column densities are in reasonable agreement for DCO+, CS, CCS, and SO2. For H2S and SO, our predicted vertical integrated column densities are more than a factor of 10 higher than the measured values.
Conclusions. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that only a strong sulfur depletion may explain the low observed H2S column density in the disk. The H2S detection in GG Tau A is most likely linked to the much larger mass of this disk compared to that in other T Tauri systems.
Cibler les cellules sénescentes
Authors: Tachikart Yassin , Malaise Olivier , Constantinides Michaël , Jorgensen Christian , Brondello Jean-Marc 
Published: August 2018

Avec le vieillissement des populations, nos sociétés doivent faire face à l’émergence d’un nombre exponentiel de patients atteints de maladies chroniques dégénératives liées à l’âge, telles que l’arthrose ou l’ostéoporose. Le « mieux » vieillir sera ainsi au centre des prochains défis médicaux par un maintien de l’autonomie des sujets âgés et une réduction des coûts des services de santé. Au cours des 5 dernières années, en se fondant sur des modèles murins innovants ou des études in vitro, de nombreuses équipes ont démontré que plusieurs pathologies dégénératives liées à l’âge avaient en commun une accumulation délétère de cellules dites sénescentes. Sous le concept de sénolyse, il a ainsi été proposé d’éliminer pharmacologiquement ces cellules afin de retarder l’émergence de ces pathologies chroniques du sujet âgé. Nous nous proposons ici de faire le point sur les stratégies récemment mises en place, permettant l’identification de composés sénolytiques, ainsi que de définir leurs utilisations thérapeutiques comme traitement de l’arthrose et de l’ostéoporose.
« Déserts médicaux » et accessibilité aux soins : de quoi parle-t-on ?
Authors: Lucas-Gabrielli Véronique , Chevillard Guillaume 
Published: August 2018

L’accessibilité aux soins des français apparaît menacée par l’existence ou l’apparition d’espaces caractérisés par un manque de soignants souvent appelés « déserts médicaux ». Ces espaces renvoient en fait à des réalités multiples relatives à la faiblesse de l’offre médicale disponible couplée à l’enclavement des territoires et à l’importance des besoins de soins. Nous proposons ici d’exposer les différentes manières de mesurer l’accessibilité aux médecins généralistes libéraux ou de qualifier les espaces avec des inadéquations entre offre et besoins de soins afin de montrer la confusion que peut générer ce concept, ainsi que les enjeux pour les pouvoirs publics quand il s’agit de définir des mesures pour y faire face.
L’hélio-sismologie et l’énigme de l’opacité du fer
Authors: Pain Jean-Christophe 
Published: August 2018

La mesure du spectre de pulsations d’une étoile permet d’obtenir des informations sur les processus physiques qui régissent sa structure et son évolution. La révision récente des abondances chimiques solaires entraîne un désaccord entre le modèle stellaire standard et les mesures d’hélio-sismologie.
L’opacité du fer a été mesurée en laboratoire, dans des conditions proches de celles de l’interface entre les zones radiative et convective du Soleil. Les opacités déduites des mesures sont, dans une gamme spectrale allant de 7 à 12,7 Å, de 30 à 400 % supérieures aux calculs, ce qui tend à réconcilier mesures hélio-sismiques et prédictions du modèle standard, mais demeure une énigme pour les théoriciens.
Novel triple lumen catheter for ERCP tissue diagnosis
Authors: Goetz Martin , Malek Nisar P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Introduction The ideal endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) tissue sampling technique should be simple, inexpensive, and yield sufficient tissue for histology while permitting contrast-guided targeting under fluorescence and multiple passes into the bile duct. Current techniques do not fulfill these requirements comprehensively. We designed a catheter for optimized targeting of large intrabiliary biopsies.
Methods A 3.5-mm sterile, single-use prototype catheter was developed, with three independent lumina extending continuously to the distal tip for three distinct functions to be available simultaneously: passage of large volume biopsy forceps (1.8 mm), wire guidance (0.035″), and contrast injection.
Results First clinical use in five patients (four transpapillary, one percutaneous access) allowed good intrabiliary manipulation in 4/5 patients. Contrast-guided sampling provided adequate specimens. No adverse events were noted.
Discussion Technical aspects and preliminary clinical data for the novel triple lumen biopsy catheter are encouraging. The catheter allowed wire guidance and contrast application to guide sampling of larger pieces of tissue. In perspective, the working channel could host any accessory for targeted intrabiliary diagnosis and therapy, and catheter use is not limited to bile ducts.
Tumor rupture of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors during endoscopic resection: a risk factor for peritoneal metastasis?
Authors: Song Shiyi , Ren Wei , Wang Yi , Zhang Shu , Zhang Song , Liu Fei , Cai Qiang , Xu Guifang , Zou Xiaoping , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and study aims Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Up to the present time, complete surgical excision has been the standard treatment for primary GISTs greater than 2 cm. It is well known that tumor rupture during surgery is an independent risk factor for peritoneal metastasis; however, it is not known whether the risk of peritoneal metastasis increases in cases where the tumor is ruptured during endoscopic resection.Patients and methods A total of 195 patients treated for GIST between January 2014 and December 2016 in our hospital were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups according to whether the tumor was ruptured during endoscopic resection. The rate of peritoneal metastasis in patients in the two groups who also suffered perforation was investigated from the follow-up results.Results Approximately 55.4 % of all patients were female and the average age of the study group was 59.0 ± 10.3 years. Of the 195 patients, the tumors in 27 were ruptured and the remaining 168 patients underwent en bloc resection. There was no statistically significant difference in gender or age between the two groups. The median tumor size (maximum diameter) in all patients was 1.5 cm (0.3 – 5.0 cm): 2.5 cm (0.8 – 5.0 cm) and 1.4 cm (0.3 – 4.0 cm) in the tumor rupture group and en bloc resection group, respectively (P < 0.001). Most of the tumors were located in the gastric fundus. At a median follow-up of 18.7 ± 10.2 months, neither tumor recurrence (liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, local recurrence) nor mortality related to GISTs were detected.Conclusions Tumor rupture during endoscopic resection of gastric GISTs may not be a risk factor for peritoneal metastasis.