bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A Tool, Not a Crutch”: Patient Perspectives About IBM Watson for Oncology Trained by Memorial Sloan Kettering
Authors: Hamilton Jada G. , Genoff Garzon Margaux , Westerman Joy S. , Shuk Elyse , Hay Jennifer L. , Walters Chasity , Elkin Elena , Bertelsen Corinna , Cho Jessica , Daly Bobby , Gucalp Ayca , Seidman Andrew D. , Zauderer Marjorie G. , Epstein Andrew S. , Kris Mark G. 
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE: IBM Watson for Oncology trained by Memorial Sloan Kettering (WFO) is a clinical decision support tool designed to assist physicians in choosing therapies for patients with cancer. Although substantial technical and clinical expertise has guided the development of WFO, patients’ perspectives of this technology have not been examined. To facilitate the optimal delivery and implementation of this tool, we solicited patients’ perceptions and preferences about WFO. METHODS: We conducted nine focus groups with 46 patients with breast, lung, or colorectal cancer with various treatment experiences: neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy, chemotherapy for metastatic disease, or systemic therapy through a clinical trial. In-depth qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed to describe patients’ attitudes and perspectives concerning WFO and how it may be used in clinical care. RESULTS: Analysis of the qualitative data identified three main themes: patient acceptance of WFO, physician competence and the physician-patient relationship, and practical and logistic aspects of WFO. Overall, participant feedback suggested high levels of patient interest, perceived value, and acceptance of WFO, as long as it was used as a supplementary tool to inform their physicians’ decision making. Participants also described important concerns, including the need for strict processes to guarantee the integrity and completeness of the data presented and the possibility of physician overreliance on WFO. CONCLUSION: Participants generally reacted favorably to the prospect of WFO being integrated into the cancer treatment decision-making process, but with caveats regarding the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data powering the system and the potential for giving WFO excessive emphasis in the decision-making process. Addressing patients’ perspectives will be critical to ensuring the smooth integration of WFO into cancer care.
Características de óbitos dos pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de hospital terciário
Authors: Vieira Amanda Melo , Parente Ezequiel Aguiar , Oliveira Lean de Sousa , Queiroz Anaiara Lucena , Bezerra Iara Serra Azul Machado , Rocha Hermano Alexandre Lima 
Published: January 2019

Introdução: Estudos comparam taxa de óbitos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) no Brasil que se encontra acima da internacional, não se sabendo se isso é devido ao sistema público brasileiro ou a falhas de registro. Objetivo: Traçar uma relação entre mortalidade prevista e características dos pacientes internados na UTI de hospital terciário de grande porte do município de Fortaleza, Ceará. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, analítico e transversal sobre pacientes internados na UTI do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza de janeiro a novembro de 2016. Resultados: No período da pesquisa, foram estudados 137 pacientes; desse total vieram a óbito 31 pacientes (24,48%). De acordo com a prioridade estabelecida pela Society Critical Care Medicine para Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, tivemos 53,3% na prioridade I, 10,0% na prioridade II, 30,0% na prioridade III, 3,3% na prioridade IVA e 3,3% na prioridade IVB, resultados estatisticamente significantes (p=0,012). Constatou-se neste trabalho que 80,6% dos óbitos haviam desenvolvido sepse durante o internamento na UTI (p<0,001). Aplicando-se os escores de mortalidade APACHE-II e SOFA, observa-se que o APACHE-II com escore médio de 22 pontos e com mortalidade prevista média de 55,7 (p<0,001), enquanto, o SOFA teve média no primeiro dia de 7 pontos (p<0,001), no quinto dia de 5 pontos (p=0,004) e no décimo dia de 5 pontos (p=0,004). Conclusão: Observou-se a importância da análise epidemiológica em relação aos óbitos ocorridos em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, visando demonstrar a necessidade de se conhecer melhor a aplicabilidade dos escores SOFA e APACHE II e as medidas que devem ser adotadas.
Language phenotypes in children with sex chromosome trisomies
Authors: Bishop Dorothy V. M. , Brookman-Byrne Annie , Gratton Nikki , Gray Elaine , Holt Georgina , Morgan Louise , Morris Sarah , Paine Eleanor , Thornton Holly , Thompson Paul A. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundSex chromosome trisomies (47,XXX, 47,XXY and 47,XYY) are known to be a risk factor for language disorder, but it is hard to predict outcomes, because many cases are identified only when problems are found.MethodsWe recruited children aged 5-16 years with all three types of trisomy, and divided them into a High Bias group, identified in the course of investigations for neurodevelopmental problems, and a Low Bias group, identified via prenatal screening or other medical investigations. Children from a twin sample were used to compare pattern and severity of language problems: they were subdivided according to parental concerns about language/history of speech-language therapy into a No Concerns group (N = 118) and a Language Concerns group (N = 57). Children were assessed on a psychometric battery and a standardized parent checklist. After excluding children with intellectual disability, autism or hearing problems, the sample included 28 XXX, 18 XXY and 14 XYY Low Bias cases and 7 XXX, 13 XXY and 17 XYY High Bias cases.ResultsVariation within each trisomy group was substantial: within the Low Bias group, overall language scores were depressed relative to normative data, but around one third had no evidence of problems. There was no effect of trisomy type, and the test profile was similar to the Language Concerns comparison group. The rate of problems was much greater in the High Bias children with trisomies.ConclusionsWhen advising parents after discovery of a trisomy, it is important to emphasise that, though there is an increased risk of language problems, there is a very wide range of outcomes. Severe language problems are more common in those identified via genetic testing for neurodevelopmental problems but these are not characteristic of children identified on prenatal screening.
First Aspect of Conventional Power System Assessment for High Wind Power Plants Penetration
Authors: Merzic A , Music M. , Rascic M 
Published: January 2019

Most power systems in underdeveloped and developing countries are based on conventional power plants, mainly "slow-response" thermal power plants and a certain number of hydro power plants; characterized by inflexible generating portfolios and traditionally designed to meet own electricity needs. Taking into account operational capabilities of conventional power systems, their development planning will face problems with integration of notable amounts of installed capacities in wind power plants (WPP). This is what highlights the purpose of this work and in that sense, here, possible variations of simulated output power from WPP in the 10 minute and hourly time interval, which need to be balanced, are investigated, presented and discussed. Comparative calculations for the amount of installed power in WPP that can be integrated into a certain power system, according to available secondary balancing power amounts, in case of concentrated and dispersed future WPP are given. The stated has been done using a part of the power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the considered example, by planned geographically distributed WPP construction, even up to cca. 74% more in installed power of WPP can be integrated into the power system than in case of geographically concentrated WPP construction, for the same available amount of (secondary) balancing power. These calculations have shown a significant benefit of planned, geographically distributed WPP construction, as an important recommendation for the development planning of conventional power systems, with limited balancing options. Keywords: balancing reserves, geographical dispersion, output power variations
Prostitution, Essential and Incidental Aspects: A Libertarian Argument for Legalization
Authors: Varricchio Marino , Block Walter E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractProstitution is often depicted as an aggressive and coercive activity. We have convincing empirical evidence that sometimes this is indeed the case. However, this is not sufficient to make it illegal. We argue that an activity should be outlawed if and only if it is essentially aggressive and/or coercive. But prostitution is not inherently violent, only incidentally. Indeed, prostitution could be defined as “the act of rendering, from the client’s point of view, non-reproductive sex against payment” (Edlund and Korn, 2002). No aggression and/or coercion necessarily enters this all-inclusive definition. This is why prostitution should be legalized laws to the contrary repealed.
Application of FKM Calculation Algorithm for Determination of Degree of Utilization of A Milk Tank Wall
Authors: Lejman Krzysztof , Fedorczuk Rafał 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The objective of the paper was to determine the level of circumferential stress in a wall of an open milk tank and to assess the tank wall degree of utilization according to the FKM Guideline calculation algorithm − Analytical Strength Assessment of Components, Made of Steel Cast Iron and Aluminium Materials in Mechanical Engineering. (German: FKM – Forschungskuratorium für Maschinenbau). The stress level in the tank wall was determined based on analytical calculations and numerical method using the FEA – Finite Elements Analysis. Numerical calculations were made in FEMAP with NX NASTRAN Solver (NASTRAN – NASA Structure Analysis). Similar stress values were found using two independent calculation methods. The difference between obtained stress values does not exceed 2%. Based on the FKM algorithm, the safety factor jges = 1.4 and static capacity of the tank wall ask = 19.7% were calculated.
Prospects for Production and Consumption of Second Generation Biofuels in Ukraine
Authors: Romaniuk Waclaw , Zheliezna Tetyana , Drahniev Semen , Bashtovyi Anatoliy , Sobczuk Henryk , Marczuk Andrzej , Titova Liudmyla , Rogovskii Ivan , Borek Kinga 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes the current state of production of second generation biofuels in the world and evaluates the possibility of launching such production in Ukraine. The work is topical due to the fact that liquid biofuels can replace a certain share of motor fuels consumed in Ukraine, thus contributing to the strengthening of the country’s energy independence. The purpose of the study is to assess feasibility of a project on the production of second generation bioethanol in Ukraine; the task is to carry out a preliminary feasibility study for such a project. The analysis of the study of pure co-substrate fermentation and as a supplement for cattle manure proves that the maximum biogas yield obtained using alcohol stillage in a ratio of 40-80% increased compared to fermentation of pure cattle manure. The use of pure bards compared to the bard and the slurry mixture increases the maximum yield of biogas. It was found that the biogas obtained from the use of alcohol stillage is a high con-sumption of biogas with the methane content of between 70 and 78%.
Effect of the Fertilizer Application Method on Soil Abundance in Available Sulfur
Authors: Tabak Monika , Filipek-Mazur Barbara 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Efficient increase in the content of available forms of elements in soil depends not only on their total content introduced to soil material, but also on the technology of its application. Technology consists of techniques and date of application as well as agronomic practices aimed at maintaining proper conditions for element transformations. The method of application of waste elemental sulfur and ground phosphate rock was assessed. Doses of 20 and 40 mg S as well as 40 and 80 mg P·kg−1d.m. were added to medium soil; 30 and 60 mg S as well as 60 and 120 mg P·kg−1d.m. were added to heavy soil. The soil samples were collected on the day of application of materials and after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days. The soil pH value decreased during the incubation. An increase in available sulfur content was observed in both soils after elemental sulfur application; the sulfur content in the medium soil depended on the dose of waste. The soils with the addition of a double dose of ground phosphate rock had the highest content of available phosphorus.
Selected Properties of Multilayer Films Applied for Vacuum and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Systems
Authors: Wójtowicz Agnieszka 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of the research was to determine the selected properties of packaging materials applicable for vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging. Six samples of multilayer films with different composition were tested to evaluate the thickness, basic weight, density and the mechanical properties in elongation and puncture tests. Zwick/Roell apparatus equipped with elongation jaws and a puncture pin was used in the experiments. The tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at tensile strength, stress at break and work at break were investigated with the elongation test, whereas the breaking force, puncture work and extension at break were evaluated with the puncture test. The obtained results allow conclusion that the thickness and basic weight of the packaging films used in the vacuum system was higher comparing with the MAP system. Analyzing the results of the elongation modulus and stress at break it was reported that the materials used for food packaging in the MAP system were characterized with better properties, whereas elongation at the tensile strength was higher for films applied in the vacuum system, except for a film with a metalized layer. The highest resistance for puncture was evaluated for OPET/PE film used in MAP packaging. The extension at break under the puncture test was higher for films dedicated for vacuum packaging suggesting their better resistance for the mechanical damage by a thin pin. Several correlations between physical and mechanical properties of multilayer films were found.
Ecology and Society. Impacted Ecosystems. Part I
Authors: Frontasyeva Marina , Kamnev Alexander 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Earth has existed for more than four billion years and has sustained life for three billion. Human beings have existed for just 200,000 years, yet our impact on the planet is so great that scientists around the world are calling for our period in the Earth’s history to be named ‘the Anthropocene’ - the age of humans. The changes we are now making have exacted a heavy toll on the natural world around us, and now threaten the planet’s ability to provide for us all. Problems of Ecology and Society in the new geological era as the Anthropocene - ‘the age of humans’ - are overviewed. The name is widely recognized as a useful classification of the period in which human activity has created and continues to generate deep and lasting effects on the Earth and its living systems. Examples of the interrelated effects of exponential population growth and massively expanding consumption of natural resources called Great Acceleration are given. Updated ‘planetary dashboard’ of environmental, economic and social indicators charts the trajectory of the Anthropocene are briefly summarized.
Mosses as Biomonitor of Air Pollution with Analytes Originating from Tobacco Smoke
Authors: Rajfur Małgorzata , Świsłowski Paweł , Nowainski Filip , Śmiechowicz Bogusław 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of the carried out research was the assessment of the possibility to use a popular bioindicator - Pleurozium schreberi mosses as a biosensor of the air pollution in living quarters with the analytes originating from tobacco smoke. The moss bag method of active biomonitoring, popular in environmental studies, was applied; the method is based on exposing mosses collected in clean areas in the locations polluted with, for example, heavy metals. However, this experiment involved exposing mosses in living quarters, in which approximately 10 cigarettes were smoked daily (first room - kitchen). For the purpose of comparison, moss samples were also placed in another room (bedroom), which was potentially not polluted. After three months of exposure, the following heavy metals were determined in mosses: Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg, using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. Additionally, these analytes were also determined in hair samples from the persons smoking in the room and from other smokers; the determined metal concentrations were compared with the results of the studies carried out using hair samples collected from non-smokers. On the basis of carried out research it was confirmed that, among others, the mosses exposed in living quarters accumulate heavy metals, such as Ni, Zn, Pb and Hg, which originate from tobacco smoke. Higher heavy metal concentrations were determined in hair samples from smokers, compared to hair samples from non-smokers.
Why Are We Afraid of Artificial Intelligence (Ai)?
Authors: Gherheş Vasile 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The study presents the results regarding the attitudes of students from humanities and technical specializations in Timișoara towards the emergence and development of artificial intelligence (AI). The emphasis was on the most likely consequences of the development of artificial intelligence in the future, especially the negative consequences that its development would entail. The method used for data collection was the sociological survey and the information gathering tool was the questionnaire. It was applied to a total of 929 people, ensuring a sample representativity margin of ± 3%. The analysis reveals that the participants in the study predict that due to the emergence and development of AI, in the future, interpersonal relationships will be negatively affected, there will be fewer jobs, economic crises will emerge, it will be used to make intelligent weapons, to increase military conflicts, to take control of humanity and, last but not least, to destroy mankind. The results revealed differences in responses depending on the type of specialization (humanities or technical) and the gender of the respondents.
The Life is “Solitary, Poor, Nasty, Brutish”, But Not Short: The Deserted Old in the Extreme Reality
Authors: Masoom Muhammad Rehan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Aging is an inevitable reality of human lives, and hundreds of thousands of studies address the questions of what makes people old. However, the underlying fact behind the question of what makes us old is the apprehension to face the grim reality of the life in the old age. Like other social sciences, a range of debates rises over the years that make the question more complex by bringing it to the theoretical realm where empirical examples often given less focus, and sometimes completely ignored. The paper presents some well-known cases, published in the daily newspaper (the Daily Star, Dhaka, Bangladesh) about the people in the old age, mostly living in the old home, and intends to interpret them with a purpose to outline the factors that change the plot of lives. The study concludes that people in the old become disengaged from the society primarily after three events, first, the death of the spouse, second, the marriage of the children, and third children left the home country and staying abroad. In addition, there is also the case that simply tells us disengagements do not imply the end of life, contrarily people can re-engage to a different form of lives after disengaging from the life they know.
Workplace Deviant Behaviour Among Public Sector Employees: The Roles of Perceived Religiosity and Job Status
Authors: Akanni Abimbola A. , Omisile Idowu , Oduaran Choja A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Workplace deviant behavior has been linked to a number of organizational losses such as decreased employee morale, increased turnover and loss of legitimacy among important external stakeholders. Therefore, this paper investigated the relationships between religiosity, job status and workplace deviant behavior. Participants consisted of 351 (F=178; Mean age=39.2) employees of the Local Government Service Commission in Nigeria. Data which were sourced through the Workplace Deviant Behavior Scale and Centrality of Religiosity Scale were analyzed using multiple regression. Results revealed that religiosity negatively related to workplace deviant behavior, but no significant difference was found between junior and senior staff in their display of workplace deviant behavior. In addition, both religiosity and job status jointly influenced respondents’ workplace deviant behavior. The findings imply that high religiosity among employees might reduce the risks of deviance and in turn create a better work environment.
Miocene paleogeography and biostratigraphy of the Slovenj Gradec Basin: a marine corridor between the Mediterranean and Central Paratethys
Authors: Ivančič Kristina , Trajanova Mirka , Ćorić Stjepan , Rožič Boštjan , Šmuc Andrej 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Miocene evolution of the area transitional from the Eastern Alps to the Pannonian Basin System was studied through the paleogeographic evolution of the Slovenj Gradec Basin in northern Slovenia. It is based on mapping, section logging, nannoplankton biostratigraphy, and petrography. The results are correlated with the lithological column of the borehole MD-1/05. The evolution of the basin is connected with the development of the Pannonian Basin System, and the global 3rd order cycles, which influenced the connection with the Mediterranean Sea. Sedimentation started in the Karpatian in a fluvial to lacustrine environment and terminated at the end of the Early Badenian. During this period, three transgression–regression cycles were recorded. The first transgression occurred in the Karpatian and corresponds to the TB 2.2. cycle. The sediments reflect proximity of the hinterland. After a short break in sedimentation, the Early Badenian deposition followed. It marks the second transgression into the SGB, the first Badenian, correlated with the TB 2.3 cycle. There are signs of a transitional environment, which evolved to marine in advanced stages. At the high-stand system tract, the sea flooded the entire Slovenj Gradec Basin. Subsequent reduced quantity and diversity of the microfossils marks the onset of the second regression stage. It is followed by the third transgression, the second in the Badenian, correlated with the TB 2.4 cycle. The late Early Badenian deposition continued in the lower-energy, though occasionally still turbulent environment. Silty sediments with upward increasing content of organic matter indicate shallowing of the basin, until its final diminishing. Layers of fresh-water coal already bear witness to the existence of restricted swamps. After the Early Badenian, the area of the Slovenj Gradec Basin became dry land, exposed to erosion.
Deep contact of the Bohemian Massif and Western Carpathians as seen from density modeling
Authors: Šamajová Lenka , Hók Jozef , Bielik Miroslav , Pelech Ondrej 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Density modelling was carried out along five profiles oriented across the expected deep contact between the Bohemian Massif and the Internal Western Carpathians in western Slovakia. The density models reveal the continuation of the Bohemian Massif beneath the External and Internal Western Carpathians tectonic units. The eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif is situated at depth south-east of the surface outcrops of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and changes its position in the surveyed area. The contact of the Internal Western Carpathians with the Bohemian Massif and External Western Carpathians is subvertical. This sharp contact is manifested as the transtension to extension zone towards the surface.