bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cord Blood Metabolomics: Association With Newborn Anthropometrics and C-Peptide Across Ancestries
Authors: Kadakia Rachel , Talbot Octavious , Kuang Alan , Bain James R , Muehlbauer Michael J , Stevens Robert D , Ilkayeva Olga R , Lowe Lynn P , Metzger Boyd E , Newgard Christopher B , Scholtens Denise M , Lowe William L ,   HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Context
Newborn adiposity is associated with childhood obesity. Cord blood metabolomics is one approach that can be used to understand early-life contributors to adiposity and insulin resistance.

Objective
To determine the association of cord blood metabolites with newborn adiposity and hyperinsulinemia in a multiethnic cohort of newborns.

Design
Cross-sectional, observational study.

Setting
Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study.

Participants
One thousand six hundred multiethnic mother–newborn pairs.

Main Outcome Measure
Cord blood C-peptide, birthweight, and newborn sum of skinfolds.

Results
Meta-analyses across four ancestry groups (Afro-Caribbean, Northern European, Thai, and Mexican American) demonstrated significant associations of cord blood metabolites with cord blood C-peptide, birthweight, and newborn sum of skinfolds. Several metabolites, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines, nonesterified fatty acids, and triglycerides were negatively associated with cord C-peptide but positively associated with birthweight and/or sum of skinfolds. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol, an inverse marker of recent maternal glycemia, was significantly inversely associated with birthweight and sum of skinfolds. Network analyses revealed groups of interrelated amino acid, acylcarnitine, and fatty acid metabolites associated with all three newborn outcomes.

Conclusions
Cord blood metabolites are associated with newborn size and cord blood C-peptide levels after adjustment for maternal body mass index and glucose during pregnancy. Negative associations of metabolites with C-peptide at birth were observed. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol appears to be a marker of adiposity in newborns. BCAAs were individually associated with birthweight and demonstrated possible associations with newborn adiposity in network analyses.
Low-dose imaging technique (LITE) MRI: initial experience in breast imaging
Authors: Pineda Federico , Sheth Deepa , Abe Hiroyuki , Medved Milica , Karczmar Gregory S 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To compare a low-dose dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI protocol (LITE MRI) to standard-dosage using a dual-dose injection technique. Methods: 8 females with a total of 10 lesions with imaging features compatible with fibroadenoma were imaged using a dual-dose dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) technique. After pre-contrast scans, 15% of a standard dose of contrast was administered; approximately 10 min later, the remaining 85% of the standard dose was administered. Enhancement kinetic parameters, conspicuity and signal-to-noise ratio were measured quantitatively. Results: One lesion showed no enhancement in either DCE series. All nine of the enhancing lesions were visualized in both the low-dose and standard-dose images. While the (low-to-standard) ratio of contrast doses was roughly 0.18, this did not match the ratios of kinetic parameters. Lesion conspicuity and enhancement rate were both higher in the low-dose images, with (low-to-standard) ratios 1.5 ± 0.1 and 1.2 ± 0.4, respectively. The upper limit of enhancement (ratio 0.3 ± 0.1) and signal-to-noise ratio (ratio 0.5 ± 0.1) were higher in the standard-dose images, but less than expected based on the ratio of the doses. Conclusions: This preliminary study demonstrates that LITE MRI has the potential to match standard DCE-MRI in the detection of enhancing lesions. Additionally, LITE MRI may enhance sensitivity to contrast media dynamics. Advances in knowledge: Lower doses of MRI contrast media may be equally effective in the detection of breast lesions, and increase sensitivity to contrast media dynamics. LITE MRI may help increase screening compliance and long-term patient safety.
Cervical vertebrae anomalies and cleft lip and palate: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Berrocal Cristina , Terrero-Pérez Ángel , Peralta-Mamani Mariela , Fischer Rubira-Bullen Izabel Regina , Honório Heitor Marques , de Carvalho Izabel Maria Marchi , Alvares Capelozza Ana Lúcia 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: This study investigated the association of congenital cervical vertebrae anomalies (CVA) with the prevalence of cleft lip and palate (CLP) specifying the most frequent associations. Methods: A meta-analysis was based on the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. A search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus and Lilacs database was performed until March 2018. Clinical studies that evaluated CVA in individuals with CLP (experimental group) and without CLP (control group) was included. For the statistical analysis, the software Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Biostat; Englewood, NJ) was used, with a p-value < 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 10 articles were included, for a total of 2566 individuals with CLP and 2301 individuals without CLP. The meta-analysis indicated statistically significant differences and the group of individuals with CLP had an increased number of CVA when compared to the group of individuals without CLP (p < 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 2.41–6.11; heterogeneity: Q-value 32.8, I2 72.6%). Conclusions: This study indicated that CVA are associated with the presence of CLP. Among the patients with CVA the most frequent anomalies were the deficiency of the posterior arch, followed by the fusion of cervical vertebrae. Individuals with cleft palate and those with unilateral cleft lip and palateCLP had an increased prevalence of CVA.
Retrospective cohort study monitoring PEG-asparaginase activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with and without premedication
Authors: Losasso Michael , Bostrom Bruce , Messinger Yoav 
Published: July 2019

Background: PEG-L-asparaginase (pegaspargase) is a critical component of therapy for children and adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Allergic reactions, which may occur in up to one third of patients, are the major cause for discontinuation. One study reported lower rates of allergic reactions with premedication. Besides allergy, an unknown number of patients develop silent neutralizing antibodies not associated with allergic reactions. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the incidence of silent inactivation of pegasparaginase and compare incidence of allergic reactions with and without premedication. Methods: Using a commercial assay, asparaginase activity was monitored following pegaspargase (2500 units/m2) in newly diagnosed children and young adults with B- and T-cell ALL from February 2013 to May 2017. The incidence of allergic reactions before and after initiation of premedication in May 2015 was compared. Results: One patient out of 59 (1.7%) had silent inactivation after the second dose. No patient had silent inactivation after the first pegaspargase dose and no standard risk B-cell ALL patients, who received only two pegaspargase doses in combination with oral dexamethasone, had silent inactivation. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 allergic reactions was 3.7% per dose with premedication (methylprednisolone, acetaminophen and diphenhydramine) versus 5.2% without. The incidence per patient with premedication given for most of the doses was 8.3% versus 17% without. These values are not statistically significant. Premedication did not affect pegaspargase activity. Conclusions: Due to the low incidence of silent inactivation with intravenous pegaspargase and the unlikely event patients receiving only two doses of pegasparaginase would receive erwinase for this possible transient silent inactivation, we recommend routine monitoring of pegaspargase activity only in patients scheduled to receive more than two doses.
Presentación. Los desafíos de la democratización en la Península Ibérica: monarquía y república ante el desarrollo de la sociedad de masas
Authors: Higueras Castañeda Eduardo , Mira Abad Alicia 
Published: July 2019

El propósito de este dossier consiste en una aproximación a las diversas vías de transformación, exitosas o fracasadas, de las monarquías peninsulares ante el reto de la democratización y el desarrollo de la sociedad de masas, en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX. Los resultados son diversos, puesto que como veremos en los trabajos que lo integran, la institución logró en algunos casos encabezar el cambio político pero en otros supuso un obstáculo para la modernización. Junto a las implicaciones políticas, el dossier no descuida las distintas estrategias de proyección pública desarrolladas por la corona. En este sentido, la perspectiva de análisis se sitúa en el plano de las culturas monárquicas pero también en el de las republicanas, en la medida en que estas fueron determinantes en el deterioro de la legitimidad regia. El estudio de los discursos monárquicos y su evolución nos permite comprender las tensiones del proceso.
METODOLOGI PENGEMBANGAN MODEL SIMULASI UNTUK EVALUASI KESELAMATAN PENUMPANG FREEFALL LIFEBOAT
Authors: Windyandari Aulia 
Published: July 2019

Aulia Windyandari, in paper simulation model of development method for passenger savety evaluation of freefaal lifeboat explain that since the launching procedure of Freefall Lifeboat (FFL) may have an impact with the water surface, the occupant injury is possible be occured in the evacuation process of the offshore structures. The FFL shock acceleration has been conducted by the impact force when the lifeboat entry the water surface. If the shock acceleration over the human conciousness allowance, the serious injury will be happened during the FFL launching.According to the conditions, the IMO regulations have standard for the acceptance criteria of FFL shock acceleration induced by water entry impact load. The results measurement of Combined Acceleration Ratio Index (CAR) or Combined Dynamic Response Ratio Index (CDRR) should be comply with the IMO index criteria.In this paper, the methodology of FFL acceleration response prediction by the simulation model analysis will be proposed. The simulation model will be developed by using LS-Dyna code. The Simplified Arbitratry Lagrangian Eulerian Coupling will be used to define the coupling analysis between the Lifeboats (Lagrangian elements) with Water Fluids (the Eulerian Elements)Keywords: Free Fall Lifeboat, Response Acceleration, Impact Load
RISET APLIKASI KESELAMATAN KEBAKARAN DI KAPAL
Authors: Ariany Zulfaidah 
Published: July 2019

Zulfaidah Ariany, in this paper explain that fire ship at sea is a dangerous thing, both on the ship itself or on its passengers. Crew boat had put out the fire without the help of other collateral. Without a good extinguishing system will certainly result in damage to the ship and would endanger the safety of the soul crew and passenger ships.Ship fire safety research conducted by various parties including government organizations and non governmental organizations and academic institutions related to fire safety aspects of shipping and ship.The need for revision of regulations that have been enacted sail for this through the provision of research. Research conducted to gain understanding of the dangers that may occur on the ship, and a good method for controlling and extinguishing the fire. Research that was conducted earlier used as a basis in research notes or to come. Keywords : ship fire, fire safety
ADAPTASI MODULAR FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT UNTUK KESUKSESAN PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP PRODUK BARU SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING INDUSTRI KECIL
Authors: Hartanto Broto Widya , Manggalarini Juwita Ayu 
Published: July 2019

Mayoritas industri di Indonesia adalah industri kecil dan menengah. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi IKM adalah proses pengembangan produk baru, sedangkan produk merupakan bagian penting dari daya saing industri dalam pasar persaingan. Sehingga penerapan proses pengembangan produk baru di industri kecil menjadi penting untuk diperhatikan. Dalam kesuksesan pengembangan produk baru, perencanaan konsep produk baru menjadi bagian penting untuk diteliti. Pengembangan konsep produk baru yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan waktu masuk pasar yang lebih cepat, dapat menjadi sebuah daya saing bagi industri kecil. Pendekatan dilakukan melalui adaptasi pada 2 tahap awal modular function deployment, yaitu penjelasan kebutuhan konsumen menggunakan fase pertama quality function deployment yaitu fase perencanaan produk dengan house of quality, dan pemilihan solusi teknis dengan pugh selection matrix untuk memilih dan memprioritaskan konsep teknis sebagai strategi kesuksesan. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan 23 indikator kebutuhan konsumen dan 10 karakteristik teknis. Karakteristik teknis dievaluasi dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi internal perusahaan, dan menghasilkan 4 prioritas konsep teknis yaitu peningkatan variasi produk; penambahan toko, akses dan pemilihan lokasinya; penerapan konsep gabungan harga dan bahan; dan penerapan konsep gabungan pemilihan suplier, diferensiasi produk, saluran pemasaran.
Fonem Deret Konsonan dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Setyadi Ary 
Published: July 2019

The existence of consonant series phonemes in Indonesian phonological learning is important, but strangely it has not received special attention, so it is interesting to be the object of study. Based on existing data, if we find a phoneme study of consonant series from several references, it turns out that the discussion is only a part / sub-section of the subject matter of the study. The application of theory is based on the linguistic theory of phonological branches, phonemic subcabang, because the study focuses on the phoneme of the consonant series itself and its ability to form consonant sequences. The implementation of the study starts at three strategic stages as in linguistic research in general, namely: 1. the stage of providing data, 2. the stage of classification and analysis of data, and 3. the stage of preparing the report. The phoneme data of consonant series is more secondary, so the existence of references is a data source. The results of the consonant phoneme data analysis almost apply to all consonant phonemes in Indonesian, including loan / absorption (foreign) phonemes. The basis for determining the consonant phoneme starts with: 1. a consonant series is a consonant series of two / or more phonemes in one word, but in different syllables; 2. consonant phoneme data departs from the kinds of vocabulary in Indonesian; and 3. that the question of syllable decapitation is based on decapitation of the word form (morphological), not on sound (phonological) elements. The types of vocabulary used as data include: 1) original Indonesian vocabulary; 2) loan / absorption vocabulary, especially from the process "received by adjustment"; and 3) the "new form" vocabulary.
Etnografi Ideasional (Suatu Metodologi Penelitian Kebudayaan)
Authors: Thohir Mudjahirin 
Published: July 2019

Ideational ethnography is the study of society and culture based on the assumption that every action is meaningful to the perpetrators. The hidden meaning behind the motives is knowledge that is assumed to be true. The source of truth is belief (constitutive truth); reasoning and experience (cognitive truth), or evaluative reality as in tradition. In ideational ethnographic research, the task of researchers is to seize the meaning referred to as the truth behind the cultural actions of the people studied. While the technique of digging data used is observation, interviews, and documents according to the context of the problem (reality) being studied.In ideational ethnographic research, reality is seen in five levels, namely reality: empirical, symbolic, meaning, ideas, and values (worldview). How are the five realities seen from their perspective (emic perspective) as an example of sea ritual (labuh).
Assessing diagnostic error in cerebral venous thrombosis via detailed chart review
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Bakradze Ekaterina , Mchugh Daryl C. , Esenwa Charles C. , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Diagnostic error in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has been understudied despite the harm associated with misdiagnosis of other cerebrovascular diseases as well as the known challenges of evaluating non-specific neurological symptoms in clinical practice.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of CVT patients hospitalized at a single center. Two independent reviewers used a medical record review tool, the Safer Dx Instrument, to identify diagnostic errors. Demographic and clinical factors were abstracted. We compared subjects with and without a diagnostic error using the t-test for continuous variables and the chi-square (χ2) test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables; an alpha of 0.05 was the cutoff for significance.

Results
A total of 72 CVT patients initially met study inclusion criteria; 19 were excluded due to incomplete medical records. Of the 53 patients included in the final analysis, the mean age was 48 years and 32 (60.4%) were women. Diagnostic error occurred in 11 cases [20.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.8–33.6%]. Subjects with diagnostic errors were younger (42 vs. 49 years, p = 0.13), more often women (81.8% vs. 54.8%, p = 0.17), and were significantly more likely to have a past medical history of a headache disorder prior to the index CVT visit (7.1% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.03).

Conclusions
Nearly one in five patients with complete medical records experienced a diagnostic error. Prior history of headache was the only evaluated clinical factor that was more common among those with an error in diagnosis. Future work on distinguishing primary from secondary headaches to improve diagnostic accuracy in acute neurological disease is warranted.
Facilitators and barriers in the utilization of World Health Organization’s Preventing Early Pregnancy Guidelines in formulating laws, policies and strategies: what do stakeholders in Ethiopia say?
Authors: Shilton Sonjelle , Chandra-Mouli Venkatraman , Paul Shadae , Denno Donna M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Each year, approximately 16 million 15-19 year-old girls give birth. In 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the evidence-based “Preventing Early Pregnancy and Poor Reproductive Outcomes among Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries” guidelines to inform policies and programs. However, little is known about their country-level use to influence supportive environments to reduce early childbearing. We sought to identify alignment of Ethiopian laws, polices and strategies with these guidelines, whether these guidelines contributed to them, and identify facilitators and barriers to their utilization.

Methods
First, we analyzed Ethiopian legal, policy, and strategy documents relating to adolescent pregnancy to determine their alignment with the WHO early pregnancy guidelines. We then conducted and thematically analyzed 11 interviews with key informants (KIs) working in adolescent and/or reproductive health at the national level.

Results
Laws, policies, and strategies to address early childbearing are in place in Ethiopia and address the six domains of the WHO adolescent pregnancy guidelines. KIs reported that they were aware of the WHO adolescent pregnancy guidelines, but none mentioned it without prompting. Six barrier/facilitator themes emerged: knowledge, national agenda, laws, resources, culture, and cooperation.

Conclusions
Ethiopia has a policy framework consistent with WHO’s adolescent pregnancy guidelines which may have contributed to their development. The lack of spontaneous identification of the guidelines by the KIs we interviewed, raises questions of their knowledge and use of the guidelines. Targeted dissemination of guidelines by WHO to relevant stakeholders may facilitate their use.
Investigating pragmatic abilities in young Finnish adults using the Assessment Battery for Communication
Authors: Gabbatore Ilaria , Bosco Francesca M. , Mäkinen Leena , Ebeling Hanna , Hurtig Tuula , Loukusa Soile 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPragmatic communication refers to the ability to use language and other expressive means, i.e. non-verbal/extralinguistic means such as gestures and facial expressions, in order to convey and interpret meaning in a specific context. Pragmatic abilities are important in everyday life in interpersonal interactions as they affect the way people communicate and behave in social situations. Providing a comprehensive and accurate assessment of pragmatic abilities can be challenging, partially due to the scarcity of valid assessment tools in this area. Culture-related aspects of communication need to be taken into consideration, and the assessment tools need to be specific and sensitive for specific cultural contexts. In this paper, we present the results concerning the administration of the first preliminary translation and adaptation into the Finnish language of the equivalent form A of the Italian Assessment Battery for Communication (ABaCo) to a sample of neurotypical Finnish adults (n=36); we discuss the results, highlighting cultural features and the consequent adaptation requirements. Data regarding performance on each subscale and on each item of the ABaCo are provided, together with a qualitative analysis of the answers. These data indicate good performance on the majority of the subscales used, thus indicating good properties of the preliminary Finnish version of the ABaCo. Compared to the paralinguistic and context scales, where the participants exhibited good performance, slightly lower scores were obtained on the extralinguistic scale. Such results shed light on a number of differences in the way Finnish people interpret pragmatically challenging communicative situations. The present study represents an interesting starting point for further steps in the specific ABaCo adaptation process, as well as for future studies in terms of cross-cultural investigation.
Uncovering the Real Recovery Challenge: What Emergency Management Must Do
Authors: McCreight Robert , Harrop Wayne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Despite decades of genuine experience derived from major disasters, emergency exercises and expert reviews of crisis events in reports and after action summaries it seems we know far less about post disaster restoration and recovery than we should. This shortfall presents several challenges to public policy, governance and the practice of emergency management as the specific steps, requirements, connections, issues and interdependencies in resurrecting a severely damaged city goes far beyond cleanup and routine debris removal tasks. Approaches towards restoration and recovery differ between the USA and the UK but there is equal regard for deriving as much insight as possible from post disaster imperatives by deliberately exercising what is seldom examined – the raw details and demands of city and community recovery. One suggested avenue is to expand future emergency exercises by focusing on how better to understand and execute the variety of restoration and recovery activies needed and devote less energy to traditional emergency response measures. This would invite testing emergency management leaders and experts with demanding 'maximum of maximum' scenarios to analyze the depth, challenges and complexity involved.