bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory fitness and hippocampal volume predict faster episodic associative learning in older adults
Authors: Cole Rachel C. , Hazeltine Eliot , Weng Timothy B. , Wharff Conner , DuBose Lyndsey E. , Schmid Phillip , Sigurdsson Gardar , Magnotta Vincent A. , Pierce Gary L. , Voss Michelle W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDeclining episodic memory is common among otherwise healthy older adults, in part due to negative effects of aging on hippocampal circuits. However, there is significant variability between individuals in severity of aging effects on the hippocampus and subsequent memory decline. Importantly, variability may be influenced by modifiable protective physiological factors such as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). More research is needed to better understand which aspects of cognition that decline with aging benefit most from CRF. The current study evaluated the relation of CRF with learning rate on the episodic associative learning (EAL) task, a task designed specifically to target hippocampal‐dependent relational binding and to evaluate learning with repeated occurrences. Results show higher CRF was associated with faster learning rate. Larger hippocampal volume was also associated with faster learning rate, though hippocampal volume did not mediate the relationship between CRF and learning rate. Furthermore, to support the distinction between learning item relations and learning higher‐order sequences, which declines with aging but is largely reliant on extra‐hippocampal learning systems, we found learning rate on the EAL task was not related to motor sequence learning on the alternating serial reaction time task. Motor sequence learning was also not correlated with hippocampal volume. Thus, for the first time, we show that both higher CRF and larger hippocampal volume in healthy older adults are related to enhanced rate of relational memory acquisition.
Training group diversity and training transfer: A psychological safety perspective
Authors: Creon Laura Elisabeth , Schermuly Carsten Christoph 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEffective training transfer continues to be a challenge in human resource development (HRD). In this study, we examined the diversity of the training group as a predictor for training transfer because it has been shown to predict team performance in the work context. We compared objective and subjective diversity measures (diversity faultlines and perceived subgroups) and examined the process by looking at psychological safety and team learning behavior. A sample of 364 training participants in 58 training groups participated at two different times, at the end of each training and 2 months later. Multilevel structural equation modeling revealed a negative serial indirect relationship between perceived subgroups and training transfer via psychological safety and team learning behavior. No relationships were found with diversity faultlines. These results indicate that training transfer decreases the more the participants perceive their group to be split into subgroups, which can be explained with less psychological safety and team learning behavior. We encourage HRD professionals to consider in advance how to avoid in‐training subgroup perceptions and support psychological safety to enhance training transfer.
Estimation of the Budyko model parameter for small basins in China
Authors: Bai Peng , Liu Xiaomang , Zhang Dan , Liu Changming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAt the mean annual scale, water availability of a basin is substantially determined by how much precipitation will be partitioned into evapotranspiration and run‐off. The Budyko framework provides a simple but efficient tool to estimate precipitation partitioning at the basin scale. As one form of the Budyko framework, Fu's equation has been widely used to model long‐term basin‐scale water balance. The major difficulty in applications of Fu's equation is determining how to estimate the curve shape parameter ω efficiently. Previous studies have suggested that the parameter ω is closely related to the long‐term vegetation coverage on large river basins globally. However, on small basins, the parameter ω is difficult to estimate due to the diversity of controlling factors. Here, we focused on the estimation of ω for small basins in China. We identified the major factors controlling the basin‐specific (calibrated) ω from nine catchment attributes based on a dataset from 206 small basins (≤50,000 km2) across China. Next, we related the calibrated ω to the major factors controlling ω using two statistical models, that is, the multiple linear regression (MLR) model and artificial neural network (ANN) model. We compared and validated the two statistical models using an independent dataset of 80 small basins. The results indicated that in addition to vegetation, other landscape factors (e.g., topography and human activity) need to be considered to capture the variability of ω on small basins better. Contrary to previous findings reached on large basins worldwide, the basin‐specific ω and remote sensing‐based vegetation greenness index exhibit a significant negative correlation. Compared with the default ω value of 2.6 used in the Budyko curve method, the two statistical models significantly improved the mean annual ET simulations on validation basins by reducing the root mean square error from 114 mm/year to 74.5 mm/year for the MLR model and 70 mm/year for the ANN model. In comparison, the ANN model can provide a better ω estimation than the MLR model.
Mentoring in Transformative Hybrid Spaces: Preservice Teacher Preparation and Literacy Learning in Moçambique
Authors: Sailors Misty , Hoffman James V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe work of the authors as teacher educators spans contexts (in the United States and Southern Africa) that share both similarities and differences. In both contexts, the authors, as a team of teacher educators, seek out ways to improve the experiences that they offer beginning teachers in programs. In this commentary, the authors review the importance of field experiences for preservice teachers, especially experiences that operate in hybrid spaces. The authors provide an overview of what one such hybrid space looks like in the context of the Chitima Institutos de Formação de Professores (teacher training institute), located in a rural village in Mozambique. It is through their shared work that the authors hope to disrupt traditional notions of teacher education and literacy learning and teaching for the beginning teachers at the institute, as well as programs in other contexts.
Retracted: MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism functions as a prognostic biomarker in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Meng‐li , Liu Jun‐xiao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the roles of miR‐214 and MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism in the control and survival of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) via Cox regression analyses. The levels of MALAT1, miR‐214, and CTNNB1 in different experimental groups were compared to study the interaction among MALAT1, miR‐214, and	CTNNB1. MTT and colony assays were used to investigate the role of rs619586 polymorphism in cell growth. The G allele of rs619586 polymorphism obviously decreased the 5‐year survival of patients with DTC. Additionally, compared with AA‐genotyped patients, patients carrying the AG/GG genotypes of MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism showed much higher levels of DTC grade and CTNNB1 expression, along with lower levels of MALAT1 and miR‐214 expression. Furthermore, the transcription activity of MALAT1 was significantly lowered by the rs619586G allele or miR‐214 mimic, while the miR‐214 inhibitor upregulated the luciferase activity of MALAT1. Additionally, miR‐214 inhibited CTNNB1 expression by targeting CTNNB1 3'‐untranslated region. Finally, the G allele of MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism apparently promoted cell proliferation. Our study indicated that miR‐214 inhibited MALAT1 expression by directly binding to the G allele of MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism, thus inhibiting CTNNB1 expression and promoting cell proliferation in the pathogenesis of DTC. Therefore, MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphism could be used to predict the prognosis of DTC.
A surface‐enhanced Raman‐spectroscopic study: Verification of the interparticle gap dependence of field enhancement by triangulation of spherical gold nanoparticle trimers
Authors: Dort Katharina , Kroth Kathrin , Klar Peter J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStrong electric field enhancement in the interparticle gap of resonators formed by two spherical Au nanoparticles occurs for polarization of the incoming light parallel to the dimer axis. This enhancement exhibits a strong dependence on gap width and is the basis of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering or tip‐enhanced Raman scattering. The enhancement factor as a function of gap width can be readily calculated solving Maxwellapos;s equations. However, the derived dependence is difficult to verify experimentally, in particular, because of the large uncertainty in determining the interparticle gap value, which is typically one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the diameters of the Au spherical nanoparticles forming the resonator. We demonstrate that a much more reliable verification of the predicted interparticle gap dependence of the electric field enhancement is possible using an approach analogous to triangulation in surveying and mapping.
The rural creative class: An analysis of in‐migration tourism entrepreneurship
Authors: Xiong Yu , Zhang Yang , Lee Timothy J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines the creative class group in Chinese tourism destinations made up of in‐migration tourism entrepreneurs confronting the need to diversify away from city life. Based on a questionnaire survey of those rural tourism entrepreneurs who have set up business in the two townships of Huanglongxi and Luodai, and drawing upon social practice theory, the study explores concepts of entrepreneurship, organizational innovation, and sustainable competitive advantage. It shows how the entrepreneurship of the in‐migration creative class has played a crucial role in organizational innovation in the tourism industry and how they have made significant contributions to sustainable competitive advantage.
Depression Suppresses Treatment Response for Traumatic Loss–Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Active Duty Military Personnel
Authors: Jacoby Vanessa M. , Hale Willie , Dillon Kirsten , Dondanville Katherine A. , Wachen Jennifer Schuster , Yarvis Jeffrey S. , Litz Brett T. , Mintz Jim , Young‐McCaughan Stacey , Peterson Alan L. , Resick Patricia A. ,   for the STRONG STAR Consortium
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere are multiple well‐established evidence‐based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, recent clinical trials have shown that combat‐related PTSD in military populations is less responsive to evidence‐based treatments than PTSD in most civilian populations. Traumatic death of a close friend or colleague is a common deployment‐related experience for active duty military personnel. When compared with research on trauma and PTSD in general, research on traumatic loss suggests that it is related to higher prevalence and severity of PTSD symptoms. Experiencing a traumatic loss is also related to the development of prolonged grief disorder, which is highly comorbid with depression. This study examined the association between having traumatic loss–related PTSD and treatment response to cognitive processing therapy in active duty military personnel. Participants included 213 active duty service members recruited across two randomized clinical trials. Results showed that service members with primary traumatic loss–related PTSD (n = 44) recovered less from depressive symptoms than those who reported different primary traumatic events (n = 169), B = −4.40. Tests of mediation found that less depression recovery suppressed recovery from PTSD symptoms in individuals with traumatic loss–related PTSD, B = 3.75. These findings suggest that evidence‐based treatments for PTSD should better accommodate loss and grief in military populations.
Ectopic cervical thymus in children: Clinical and radiographic features
Authors: Purcell Patricia L. , Marquez Garcia Juan , Zawawi Faisal , Propst Evan J. , Papsin Blake C. , Blaser Susan I. , Wolter Nikolaus E. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesEctopic thymus is rare and can be a diagnostic challenge. This study evaluated the management of children radiographically diagnosed with ectopic cervical thymus.MethodsA retrospective review of 100 patients was performed. Data related to clinical presentation, radiological imaging, pathology, and management were collected. Changes in lesion volume were tracked over time. Clinical characteristics were compared based on lesion location in the neck using analysis of variance modelling.ResultsThere were 115 lesions with radiographic features of ectopic cervical thymus (15 children had bilateral lesions). Diagnosis was based on ultrasound in 98% of patients, magnetic resonance imaging in 18%, and computed tomography in 11%. Mean (SD) follow‐up duration was 2 (2.2) years. Forty‐four percent (51/115) of lesions involved the thyroid gland, 29% (33/115) were in the central neck but separate from the thyroid, 18% (21/115) had mediastinal extension, and 8% (9/115) involved the submandibular region. Location was unclear for two patients. Submandibular lesions were on average 12.4 cm3 larger (95% CI, 8.2, 16.6) than mediastinal lesions at diagnosis, P ≤ .001. Volume of thymic tissue decreased over time, from a mean (standard deviation [SD]) volume of 4.3 cm3 (9.2) at initial ultrasound to 2.7 cm3 (6.1) at final ultrasound (paired t‐test, P = .008). Only two patients required surgery: one for compressive symptoms, and the other to rule out malignancy.ConclusionNinety‐eight percent of children with ectopic cervical thymus were managed conservatively without issues. We propose a classification system based on location to ease communication among clinicians and to help follow these lesions over time.Level of Evidence4, case series Laryngoscope, 130:1577–1582, 2020
A multiobjective optimization approach to compute the efficient frontier in data envelopment analysis
Authors: Ehrgott Matthias , Hasannasab Maryam , Raith Andrea 
Published: August 2019

AbstractData envelopment analysis is a linear programming‐based operations research technique for performance measurement of decision‐making units. In this paper, we investigate data envelopment analysis from a multiobjective point of view to compute both the efficient extreme points and the efficient facets of the technology set simultaneously. We introduce a dual multiobjective linear programming formulation of data envelopment analysis in terms of input and output prices and propose a procedure based on objective space algorithms for multiobjective linear programmes to compute the efficient frontier. We show that using our algorithm, the efficient extreme points and facets of the technology set can be computed without solving any optimization problems. We conduct computational experiments to demonstrate that the algorithm can compute the efficient frontier within seconds to a few minutes of computation time for real‐world data envelopment analysis instances. For large‐scale artificial data sets, our algorithm is faster than computing the efficiency scores of all decision‐making units via linear programming.
High‐resolution creatine mapping of mouse brain at 11.7 T using non‐steady‐state chemical exchange saturation transfer
Authors: Chen Lin , Wei Zhiliang , Cai Shuhui , Li Yuguo , Liu Guanshu , Lu Hanzhang , Weiss Robert G. , van Zijl Peter C.M. , Xu Jiadi 
Published: August 2019

The current study aims to optimize the acquisition scheme for the creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer weighted (CrCESTw) signal on mouse brain at 11.7 T, in which a strong magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) is present, and to further develop the polynomial and Lorentzian line‐shape fitting (PLOF) method for quantifying CrCESTw signal with a non‐steady‐state (NSS) acquisition scheme. Studies on a Cr phantom with cross‐linked bovine serum albumin (BSA) as well as on mouse brain demonstrated that the maximum CrCESTw signal was reached with a short saturation time determined by the rotating frame relaxation time of the MTC pool instead of the steady‐state saturation. The saturation power for the maximal signal was around 1–1.5 μT for Cr with 20% cross‐linked BSA and in vivo applications, but 2 μT was found to be most practical for signal stability. For the CrCEST acquisition with strong MTC interference, the optimal saturation power and length are completely different from those on Cr solution alone. This observation could be explained well using R1ρ theory by incorporating the strong MTC pool. Finally, a high‐resolution Cr map was obtained on mouse brain using the PLOF method with the NSS CEST acquisition and a cryogenic coil. The Cr map obtained by CEST showed homogenous intensity across the mouse brain except for regions with cerebrospinal fluid.
Parameterized algorithms and data reduction for the short secluded s‐t‐path problem
Authors: van Bevern René , Fluschnik Till , Tsidulko Oxana Yu. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGiven a graph G = (V, E), two vertices s, t ∈ V, and two integers k, ℓ, the Short Secluded Path problem is to find a simple s‐t‐path with at most k vertices and ℓ neighbors. We study the parameterized complexity of the problem with respect to four structural graph parameters: the vertex cover number, treewidth, feedback vertex number, and feedback edge number. In particular, we completely settle the question of the existence of problem kernels with size polynomial in these parameters and their combinations with k and ℓ. We also obtain a 2O(tw) · ℓ2 · n‐time algorithm for n‐vertex graphs of treewidth tw, which yields subexponential‐time algorithms in several graph classes.
Prenatal detection of interstitial 18p11.31‐p11.22 microduplications: Phenotypic diversity and literature review
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Zhang Hongguo , Li Leilei , Yue Fagui , Jiang Yuting , Li Shibo , Liu Ruizhi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionPure duplication of chromosome 18p is rare, with clinical phenotypes ranging from normal or slight abnormalities to various degrees of mental retardation. It remains difficult to establish a clear genotype‐phenotype correlation.MethodsChromosomal karyotyping analysis was performed on cultured amniotic fluid cells from three cases. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis was carried out using the Illumina Human CytoSNP‐12 BeadChip. We also carried out a review of the literature regarding 18p11 microduplication.ResultsG‐banding analysis showed that the three cases had normal karyotypes. SNP array results showed 0.48‐ to 1.6‐Mb microduplications of 18p11.31‐p11.22 (chr18: 6995739‐8713088) in these cases, encompassing different degrees of LAMA1 duplication. Follow‐up analysis showed that the parents of both cases 1 and 2 chose termination of pregnancy. Case 3 presented with normal growth and physical development. Currently, there is not enough evidence supporting the pathogenicity of LAMA1 triplosensitivity.ConclusionWe described three prenatal cases with 18p11.31‐p11.22 microduplications involving part of the LAMA1 locus. There might be phenotypic diversity associated with 18p11.31‐p11.22 microduplications. To avoid unnecessary abortions for pregnancies such as these, comprehensive genetic counseling should be offered.
Short‐ and long‐term respiratory outcomes in neonates with ventilator‐associated pneumonia
Authors: Dell’Orto Valentina , Raschetti Roberto , Centorrino Roberta , Montane Amelie , Tissieres Pierre , Yousef Nadya , De Luca Daniele 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveVentilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection in critical care settings and might have important long‐term consequences in neonates. Our aim is to clarify the short‐ and long‐term respiratory outcomes of neonates affected by VAP.MethodsProspective, population‐based, cohort study with 12 months follow‐up based on clinical examinations and diary‐based respiratory morbidity score, conducted in an academic tertiary referral neonatal unit with dedicated follow‐up program.ResultsA total of 199 inborn neonates consecutively ventilated for at least 48 hours were eligible for the study. One hundred fifty‐one were finally enrolled and classified as “exposed” or “unexposed” to VAP, if they fulfilled (or not) VAP criteria once during their stay. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) incidence was significantly higher in exposed (75%) than in unexposed babies (26.8%; relative risk [RR]: 2.8 [1.9‐4.0]; AdjRR: 3.5 [1.002‐12.7]; P = .049; number needed to harm = 2.07), although the composite BPD/mortality did not differ. Exposed patients showed longer intensive care unit stay (87 [43‐116] vs 14 [8‐52] days; St.β = 0.24; P < .0001) and duration of ventilation (15 [10‐25] vs 5 [4‐8] days; St.β = 0.29; P < .0001) than unexposed neonates. Exposed patients also showed less ventilator‐free days (11 [5‐17.7] vs 22 [14‐24] days; St.β = −0.15; P = .05) compared to unexposed. Respiratory infections, use of drugs, rehospitalization for respiratory reasons, home oxygen therapy, their composite outcome, and diary‐based clinical respiratory morbidity score were similar between the cohorts.ConclusionNeonatal VAP seems associated to higher incidence of BPD, longer ventilation, and intensive care stay but it does not affect long‐term respiratory morbidity.
Mutation of Bdpaired induces embryo lethality in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Wang Yaohui , Gao Bingli , Zhang Guijian , Qi Xuewei , Cao Shuai , Akami Mazarin , Huang Yongping , Niu Changying 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPair‐rule genes were identified and named for their role in segmentation in animal embryos. Paired, a homolog of mammalian PAX3, acts as one of several pair‐rule genes and is key in defining the boundaries of future parasegments and segments during insect embryogenesis.RESULTSWe cloned the paired gene from the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, and then applied CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing to investigate its physiological function in the embryonic stage of this pest. We identified one transcript for a paired homolog in B. dorsalis, which encodes a protein containing a Paired Box domain and a Homeobox domain. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the paired gene is highly conserved and the gene was highly expressed at the 12–14 h‐old embryonic stage. Knock‐out of Bdpaired led to lack of segment boundaries, cuticular deficiency, and embryonic lethality. Sequence analysis of the CRISPR/Cas9 mutants exhibited different insertion and deletions in the Bdpaired locus. In addition, the relative expression of Wingless (Wg) and Abdominal A (Abd‐A) genes were significantly down‐regulated in the Bdpaired mutant embryos.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that Bdpaired gene is critical for the embryonic development of B. dorsalis, and could be a novel molecular target for genetic‐based pest management practices to combat this serious invasive pest. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry