bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of quantum oscillation in antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal GdSiAl
Authors: Meena Priyanka , Choudhury Amarjyoti , Mudgal Mohit , Bagga Sonika , Tiwari V K , Rajput Sarita , Yadav C S , Malik Vivek Kumar , Maitra T , Nayak Jayita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
GdSiAl single crystal has been investigated by means of magnetic and magneto-transport measurements and compared with ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Significant non-saturating magnetoresistance reaching

∼

18
%

at 12T and

2

K

was observed, alongside the presence of Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations with the fundamental frequencies 22.09T and 77.33T. Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations provide the information about the nontrivial π Berry phase in GdSiAl with the Fermi surface areas of

0.00211

A
˚

−
2

and

0.00739

A
˚

−
2

. Angle-dependent magnetoresistance shows anisotropy with θ, exhibiting a maximum at 180°. The magnetic susceptibility data for

H
∥
c

and

H
⊥
c

reveals that the magnetic moments of Gd3+ ions orders antiferromagnetically below 32K along with an another transition occurs at

∼

8

K, which is consistent with the heat capacity measurements where a distinct λ-shaped anomaly has been observed near antiferromagnetic ordering temperature 32K. The high value of Debye temperature indicates the contribution of acoustic phonons. Electronic structure calculations suggest the existence of nested Fermi surface pockets characterized by nesting wave vectors that closely align with the observed magnetic ordering wave vector. Furthermore, DFT calculations reveal the presence of Weyl nodes in close proximity to the Fermi surface. Our findings from combined experimental and theoretical techniques indicate GdSiAl to be a potential candidate for an antiferromagnetic topological Weyl semimetal.
Prediction of SO2 concentration at desulfurization outlet of thermal power units based on reliefF-SC and ISAO-ARELM
Authors: Dong Ze , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Jianan , Wang Jie , Yang Yuhang , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system of thermal power units operates under complex conditions and exhibits significant nonlinearity. Establishing an accurate prediction model for outlet SO2 concentration is crucial for optimizing the control of the FGD system. The study constructs an autoregressive limit learning machine (ARELM) prediction model for SO2 concentration at the desulfurization outlet of thermal power units, leveraging the improved feature selection algorithm ReliefF-SC and the improved snow ablation optimizer (ISAO). Initially, the time delays of the input variables are compensated and the ReliefF-SC algorithm, which incorporates the Spearman correlation coefficient and cosine similarity, is designed to obtain the optimal feature set for predicting SO2 concentration at the outlet. To enhance the extreme learning machine (ELM)’s capacity to process time-series data, the AR concept is integrated into the ELM framework. Furthermore, to mitigate the impact of random initialization of ARELM network parameters on model stability, the ISAO algorithm is proposed by introducing the sine–cosine position update strategy and adaptive adjustment of subpopulation size. Finally, experimental validation is conducted using actual plant operation data. The results indicate that the established SO2 concentration prediction model for desulfurization outlets of thermal power units is highly accurate and offers valuable theoretical guidance and technical support for optimizing the control of the FGD systems.
Effect of grain size gradient on the mechanical behavior of gradient nanograined pure iron: an atomic study
Authors: Yang Hao , Wang Binjun , Duan Lingjie , Chen Yiyang , Xu Chun , Li Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Using molecular dynamics simulation, the deformation mechanisms of gradient nanograined (GNG) pure iron (Fe) were investigated. Simulations of uniaxial tensile experiments were conducted on samples exhibiting different grain size gradients. The simulation results reveal the presence of a critical GNG parameter (g), at which point the GNG-Fe attains its highest strength. The deformation mechanisms of three representative samples, namely GNG-2 with the g value at the threshold, GNG-1 with a g value smaller than the critical threshold and GNG-4 with a g value exceeding it, were thoroughly investigated. Within the coarse-grained (CG) region of GNG-1, the primary deformation mechanism is predominantly characterized by planar defects, rather than being dominated by dislocations. Furthermore, the mechanisms of both ‘strain hardening’ and ‘softening’ were observed and discussed in this region. The deformation of the coarse grains occurs in a coordinated manner, and the magnitude of the back-stress is insufficient to trigger grain boundary (GB) motion in the fine-grained (FG) region. In contrast, the deformation of the CG region in the GNG-4 primarily depends on dislocation. The ‘hardening’ and ‘softening’ effects of the dislocations were described and discussed. In the FG region of GNG-4, the grains undergo deformation primarily through GB motion, a phenomenon attributed to the significant back-stress generated by the uncoordinated deformation exhibited by the coarse grains. In the CG area of sample 2 with the g value at threshold, both dislocation- and planar defects-controlled mechanisms are observed. In the FG of this sample, neither GB migration and grain rotation are found. Only the GB width becomes larger, indicating that the back-stress transferred from the CG area makes the GB more active, but not large enough to induce the GB migration or grain rotation. The results of this work may provide some theoretical supports for the deformation mechanism of the GNG materials.
Transport effects of twist-angle disorder in mesoscopic twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Sanjuan Ciepielewski Aleksander , Tworzydło Jakub , Hyart Timo , Lau Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) is a tunable material with remarkably flat energy bands near the Fermi level, leading to fascinating transport properties and correlated states at low temperatures. However, grown pristine samples of this material tend to break up into landscapes of twist-angle domains, strongly influencing the physical properties of each individual sample. This poses a significant problem to the interpretation and comparison between measurements obtained from different samples. In this work, we study numerically the effects of twist-angle disorder on quantum electron transport in mesoscopic samples of magic-angle TBG. We find a significant property of twist-angle disorder that distinguishes it from onsite-energy disorder: it leads to an asymmetric broadening of the energy-resolved conductance. The magnitude of the twist-angle variation has a strong effect on conductance, while the number of twist-angle domains is of much lesser significance. We further establish a relationship between the asymmetric broadening and the asymmetric density of states of TBG at angles smaller than the first magic angle. Our results show that the qualitative differences between the types of disorder in the energy-resolved conductance of TBG samples can be used to characterize them at temperatures above the critical temperatures of the correlated phases, enabling systematic experimental studies of the effects of the different types of disorders also on the other properties such as the competition of the different types of correlated states appearing at lower temperatures.
Electron series resonance excited in the 27.12 MHz magnetron sputtering discharge
Authors: Ye Chao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electron series resonance (ESR) excited in a 27.12 MHz magnetron sputtering discharge was investigated. By analyzing the discharge impedances, the imaginary part of the impedance was found to undergo a transition from capacitive to inductive at varying radio-frequency (RF) power, and the conditions for ESR excitation were satisfied at 27.12 MHz magnetron sputtering. By analyzing the discharge current and its higher-order harmonics, the near-sinusoidal current waveform and weak second-order harmonic were obtained, showing a weak nonlinear effect of the RF current. However, for the magnetron sputtering discharge, the nonuniform magnetic field has a significant effect on the sheath width and transverse current, making the sheath thinner and the transverse current smaller. As a result, a small capacitive reactance was obtained, and the inductive reactance was easily canceled. Therefore, the ESR excited in the 27.12 MHz magnetron sputtering was caused by the strong effect of the nonuniform magnetic field and the weak second-order current harmonic (H2). By estimating the ESR frequency ω
res,B
, the second-order current harmonic (54.24 Hz) was found to be responsible for ESR excitation.
Coupled infectious disease and behavior dynamics. A review of model assumptions
Authors: Reitenbach Andreas , Sartori Fabio , Banisch Sven , Golovin Anastasia , Calero Valdez André , Kretzschmar Mirjam , Priesemann Viola , Mäs Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To comprehend the dynamics of infectious disease transmission, it is imperative to incorporate human protective behavior into models of disease spreading. While models exist for both infectious disease and behavior dynamics independently, the integration of these aspects has yet to yield a cohesive body of literature. Such an integration is crucial for gaining insights into phenomena like the rise of infodemics, the polarization of opinions regarding vaccines, and the dissemination of conspiracy theories during a pandemic. We make a threefold contribution. First, we introduce a framework to describe models coupling infectious disease and behavior dynamics, delineating four distinct update functions. Reviewing existing literature, we highlight a substantial diversity in the implementation of each update function. This variation, coupled with a dearth of model comparisons, renders the literature hardly informative for researchers seeking to develop models tailored to specific populations, infectious diseases, and forms of protection. Second, we advocate an approach to comparing models’ assumptions about human behavior, the model aspect characterized by the strongest disagreement. Rather than representing the psychological complexity of decision-making, we show that ‘influence-response functions’ allow one to identify which model differences generate different disease dynamics and which do not, guiding both model development and empirical research testing model assumptions. Third, we propose recommendations for future modeling endeavors and empirical research aimed at selecting models of coupled infectious disease and behavior dynamics. We underscore the importance of incorporating empirical approaches from the social sciences to propel the literature forward.
Computing the Kirchhoff index of a family of phenylene chain networks
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Yuanyuan , Sun Weigang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Kirchhoff index is a fundamental topological metric that provides insights into the structural and electrical characteristics of networks. It is defined as the sum of resistance distances between all pairs of nodes, serving as a key factor in understanding the dynamics within networks. To investigate the impact of structural variations on the Kirchhoff index, we select a family of phenylene chain networks as our model and establish a methodology to explore the Kirchhoff index using the Laplacian spectrum. By analyzing the network structure, we introduce a parameter to control the number of iterations, providing a recursive relationship between the Laplacian matrix and its eigenvalues at intervals of generations. This approach enables the derivation of an analytical expression for both the sum of the reciprocals of all nonzero Laplacian eigenvalues and the Kirchhoff index.
Local error analysis of L1 scheme for time-fractional diffusion equation on a star-shaped pipe network
Authors: Wang Jingjia , Yu Yongguang , Hou Jian , Meng Xiangyun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The numerical analysis for differential equations on networks has become a significant issue in theory and diverse fields of applications. Nevertheless, solving time-fractional diffusion problem on metric graphs has been less studied so far, as one of the major challenging tasks of this problem is the weak singularity of solution at initial moment. In order to overcome this difficulty, a new L1-finite difference method considering the weak singular solution at initial time is proposed in this paper. Specifically, we utilize this method on temporal graded meshes and spacial uniform meshes, which has a new treatment at the junction node of metric graph by employing Taylor expansion method, Neumann-Kirchhoff and continuity conditions. Over the whole star graph, the optimal error estimate of this fully discrete scheme at each time step is given. Also, the convergence analysis for a discrete scheme that preserves the Neumann-Kirchhoff condition at each time level is demonstrated. Finally, numerical results show the effectiveness of proposed full-discrete scheme, which can be applied to star graphs and even more general graphs with multiple cross points.
First application of the island divertor configuration in the J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: Zhou S. , Ding Y.H. , Liang Y. , Jiang Z.H. , Wang N.C. , Knieps A. , Xu S. , Li D. , Zhang X.L. , Yang J. , Zhang X.Y. , Mao F.Y. , Li Y.B. , Yang Q.H. , Hua J.K. , Yang Y.T. , Hou Z.R. , Yan W. , Yang Z.J. , Chen Z.P. , Chen Z.Y. ,   the J-TEXT Team
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For the first time, an island divertor configuration was successfully implemented in the J-TEXT tokamak to improve heat exhaust and impurity control. The magnetic island is generated by applying external resonant magnetic perturbation fields, and the intersection between the edge island and the divertor target is then controlled by adjusting the edge safety factor q
a, thereby achieving the island divertor configuration. The overall confinement is maintained in spite of the loss of the edge volume. The island divertor configuration significantly reduces peak heat-load on the divertor target by approximately 50% and improves impurity screening. Additionally, it effectively modulates radiation around the magnetic island’s X-point, potentially enhancing the stability and control of radiative divertor operations. These findings highlight the island divertor configuration as a promising strategy for advancing heat exhaust and impurity control in tokamak operations.
Assessment of validity of local neoclassical transport theory for studies of electric-field root-transitions in the W7-X stellarator
Authors: Kuczyński M.D. , Kleiber R. , Smith H.M. , Helander P. , Beidler C.D. , Wappl M. , Borchardt M. , Geiger J. , Bozhenkov S. , Langenberg A. , Andreeva T. ,   the W7-X Team
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The neoclassical ambipolarity condition governing the radial electric field in stellarators can have several solutions, and sudden transitions (in radius) between these can then take place. The radial position and structure of such a transition cannot be determined from local transport theory, and instead a non-rigorous model based on a diffusion equation for the electric field is usually employed for this purpose (Turkin et al 2011 Phys. Plasmas
18 022505). We compare global (full plasma volume) drift-kinetic simulations of neoclassical transport in the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator with this model and find significant discrepancies. The position r
0 of the transition is not predicted correctly by the diffusion model, but the radial structure of the transition layer is in reasonable agreement if the diffusion coefficient is chosen appropriately. In particular, it should depend on the plasma temperature in the same way as the plateau-regime coefficient of neoclassical transport theory or the gyro-Bohm diffusion coefficient. In the small-gyroradius limit, the prediction of r
0 by the diffusion model simplifies to the so-called Maxwell construction (Shaing 1984 Phys. Fluids
27 1567–9; Shaing 1984 Phys. Fluids
27 1924–6). However, this property also emerges from a wide range of other mathematical models in the appropriate limit. The basic assumption underlying these models is that the diffusion, or generalisations thereof, is independent of the radial electric field, which is however unlikely to be the case in practice. Presumably this fact explains the discrepancy between the diffusion model and the drift-kinetic simulations. Finally, it is found that global simulations replicate the phenomenon of spontaneous root transitions driven by variations in the electron-to-ion temperature ratio, as predicted by local theory in the small-gyroradius limit.
A cosmic ray muons telescope based on bar plastic scintillator detectors
Authors: Wang Shikai , Yang Haibo , Zhang Yapeng , Zhou Xiaoqiang , Su Maogen , Zhao Chengxin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A cosmic ray muons telescope (CORMT) was designed to monitor the distribution of cosmic ray muons in the environment. CORMT is made of three main components: the mechanical structure, the detector, and the readout electronics. The mechanical structure consists of a support structure and a rotating moving platform that ensures the stability and accuracy of the test. The detector consists of four bar-shaped plastic scintillators each coupled with a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). The readout electronics design uses Xilinx Artix 7 series field-programmable gate array (FPGA), combined with peripheral circuit design, to complete the readout of detector cosmic ray muons hit information. CORMT has the advantage of adjustable thresholds, real-time output, and the use of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to record events. The CORMT test results show that the detection efficiency can reach over 90%, the accidental compliance count rate is around 0.02, and the muon flux conforms to the distribution law. This article will discuss the design and performance of the CORMT.
An improved laser photo-detachment diagnostic for negative ion density measurement
Authors: Rattanawongnara E. , Nakano H. , Tsumori K. , Nagaoka K. , Osakabe M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A photo-detachment Langmuir probe is a crucial tool because
it gives a point measurement of negative ion density. The detection
circuitry of a photo-detachment diagnostic with nanosecond laser
pulses is critical for the accuracy of the results. Applying the
electromagnetic theory to the design of the photo-detachment system
has allowed it to stabilize its frequency response up to
~445 MHz, providing a significantly higher time
resolution than in a common photo-detachment circuit setup. A
systematic design rule is given in this paper to standardize the
proper circuit. The new standard allows comparison between
laboratories without concern for electronic parameter
differences. The high-time resolution result shows three different
peaks in the photo-detached electron current. This paper identified
that the first peak is the most correlated to negative-ion density
information, and the second and third peaks are related to
background electrons interacting with build-up potential.
Remark on a promising subtraction readout for pixelated CZT detectors
Authors: Fang Zhujun , Fu Jianqiang , Zhang Qianying , Wang Guangcheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A new method is presented to improve the spectral
performance in pixelated CZT detectors which have large ratios of
pixel size to thickness. The concept is using the subtraction signal
of adjacent pixels to closely emulate the function of coplanar
configuration. This short note is devoted to a discussion of this
promising way. The principle and associated electronics of
subtraction readout are introduced. The feasibility of this method
was investigated by using a self-developed simulation platform. The
preliminary experimental results showed that this method can
significantly improve the energy resolution of pixelated CZT
detectors with large ratios of pixel size to thickness.
Influence of welding angle in the process of submerged arc welding of pressure vessel steel
Authors: Bogdan-Dorel Cioroagă , Ana Virginia Socalici , Vasile George Cioată , Amalia Ana Dascăl 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the industrial production of pressure vessels (PV), a very important role is played by the welding of the elements that make up the vessel. The predominant welding technology in the case of manufacturing PV is the submerged arc welding (SAW) for which different welding regimes are defined depending on the characteristics of the base material. The welding regimes are made up of various parameters easy to manipulate by the operators of the welding machines, one of them is the welding angle. In this article, aspects are discussed regarding the way in which the welding angle of SAW influences the quality of welded joints. Tensile tests were carried out on specimens taken from plates joined by SAW using different values of the electrode tilt. Aspects regarding the geometry and dimensions of the welded joints obtained as a result of the variation of the welding angle are analysed and, in the end, an optimal angle is indicated for the welding process of PV. The basic material used in the experiments is a fine-grained material intended for the manufacture of vessels that work in high pressure and high temperature regimes, named in the technical literature P355 N.
Study on the optical properties of Sm3+ doped bismuth silicate crystals based on first principles
Authors: Huang Yan , Xiao Xuefeng , Zhang Yan , Si Jiashun , Liang Shuaijie , Xu Qingyan , Zhang Huan , Ma Lingling , Yang Cui , Zhang Xuefeng , Xu Jiayue , Tian Tian , Shen Hui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study systematically investigated the effect of Sm3+ doping on the optical properties of bismuth silicate (Bi4Si3O12, abbreviated as BSO) crystals using first principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). By calculating the dielectric function, reflectivity, absorption coefficient, refractive index, conductivity, and energy loss function of BSO crystals under different Sm3+ doping ratios, we found that moderate Sm3+ doping can increase the dielectric function of BSO crystals, and the real part of the dielectric function represents the material’s ability to respond to the electric field, that is, the macroscopic polarization degree. Therefore, moderate Sm3+ doping enhances the polarization ability of BSO crystals. Simultaneously doping an appropriate amount can effectively enhance the conductivity and light (visible and infrared) absorption ability of BSO crystals, and reduce the energy loss between electrons in BSO crystals, thereby improving their luminescence performance. Specifically, when the Sm3+ doping ratio is 1/6, the optical properties of BSO crystals are significantly improved. These findings not only enhance the understanding of the mechanism of optical performance changes in rare earth ion doped BSO crystals, but also provide a theoretical basis for the development of new rare earth doped optical materials.