bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of changing spatial scales on CPUE–factor relationships of Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific
Authors: Feng Yongjiu , Cui Li , Chen Xinjun , Chen Lijuan , Yang Qianqian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe selection of spatial scales is of particular importance in modeling relationships between fishery abundance and its influencing factors, because these relationships are significantly affected by spatial scale. Here, we explore the spatial scale effects of catch per unit effort (CPUE)–factor relationships for Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific. The original commercial fishery data and oceanographic factors were tessellated to 12 spatial scales from 5′ to 60′ with an interval of 5′. Under the original scale and 12 tessellated scales, we constructed the generalized additive models (GAMs) to model the relationships between the O. bartramii CPUE and the influencing factors, including Year, Month, Latitude (Lat), Longitude (Lon), sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentration, and sea surface height (SSH). Our multi‐scale analysis showed that the relationships are sensitive to spatial scales. Among the factors, Year, Month, and SSS share quadratic polynomial scaling relations; Lat, SST, and Chl‐a illustrate power law scaling relations; Lon has a linear scaling relation; and SSH presents an exponential scaling relation. Considering the scale sensitivity of the factor sort‐order and the accumulation of explained residual deviance in GAM, we suggest 30′–45′ as the optimal range of spatial scales for analyzing the CPUE–factor relationships for O. bartramii. Our research improves understanding of the impacts of changing scales in fisheries and provides a potential method for the selection of a suitable spatial scale for fisheries analysis and resource surveying.
Codesigning health and other public services with vulnerable and disadvantaged populations: Insights from an international collaboration
Authors: Mulvale Gillian , Moll Sandra , Miatello Ashleigh , Robert Glenn , Larkin Michael , Palmer Victoria J. , Powell Alicia , Gable Chelsea , Girling Melissa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundCodesign has the potential to transform health and other public services. To avoid unintentionally reinforcing existing inequities, better understanding is needed of how to facilitate involvement of vulnerable populations in acceptable, ethical and effective codesign.ObjectiveTo explore citizens’ involvement in codesigning public services for vulnerable groups, identify challenges and suggest improvements.DesignA modified case study approach. Pattern matching was used to compare reported challenges with a priori theoretical propositions.Setting and participantsA two‐day international symposium involved 28 practitioners, academics and service users from seven countries to reflect on challenges and to codesign improved processes for involving vulnerable populations.Intervention studiedEight case studies working with vulnerable and disadvantaged populations in three countries.ResultsWe identified five shared challenges to meaningful, sustained participation of vulnerable populations: engagement; power differentials; health concerns; funding; and other economic/social circumstances. In response, a focus on relationships and flexibility is essential. We encourage codesign projects to enact a set of principles or heuristics rather than following pre‐specified steps. We identify a set of principles and tactics, relating to challenges outlined in our case studies, which may help in codesigning public services with vulnerable populations.Discussion and conclusionsCodesign facilitators must consider how meaningful engagement will be achieved and how power differentials will be managed when working with services for vulnerable populations. The need for flexibility and responsiveness to service user needs may challenge expectations about timelines and outcomes. User‐centred evaluations of codesigned public services are needed.
Handling and reporting of pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens in prostate and bladder cancer: a web‐based survey by the European Network of Uropathology
Authors: Prendeville Susan , Berney Daniel M , Bubendorf Lukas , Compérat Eva , Egevad Lars , Hes Ondrej , Kristiansen Glen , Oxley Jon , van Leenders Geert J L H , Varma Murali , van der Kwast Theo 
Published: January 2019

AimsPathological evaluation of lymphadenectomy specimens plays a pivotal role in accurate lymph node (LN) staging. Guidelines standardising the gross handling and reporting of pelvic LN dissection (PLND) in prostate (PCa) and bladder (BCa) cancer are currently lacking. This study aimed to establish current practice patterns of PLND evaluation among pathologists.Methods and resultsA web‐based survey was circulated to all members of the European Network of Uropathology (ENUP), comprising 29 questions focusing on the macroscopic handling, LN enumeration and reporting of PLND in PCa and BCa. Two hundred and eighty responses were received from pathologists throughout 23 countries. Only LNs palpable at grossing were submitted by 58%, while 39% routinely embedded the entire specimen. Average LN yield from PLND was ≥10 LNs in 56% and <10 LNs in 44%. Serial section(s) and immunohistochemistry were routinely performed on LN blocks by 42% and <1% of respondents, respectively. To designate a LN microscopically, 91% required a capsule/subcapsular sinus. In pN+ cases, 72% reported the size of the largest metastatic deposit and 94% reported extranodal extension. Isolated tumour cells were interpreted as pN1 by 77%. Deposits identified in fat without associated lymphoid tissue were reported as tumour deposits (pN0) by 36% and replaced LNs (pN+) by 27%. LNs identified in periprostatic fat were included in the PLND LN count by 69%.ConclusionThis study highlights variations in practice with respect to the gross sampling and microscopic evaluation of PLND in urological malignancies. A consensus protocol may provide a framework for more consistent and standardised reporting of PLND specimens.
The expanding morphological and genetic spectrum of MYOD1‐mutant spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas: a clinicopathological and molecular comparison of mutated and non‐mutated cases
Authors: Tsai Jen‐Wei , ChangChien Yi‐Che , Lee Jen‐Chieh , Kao Yu‐Chien , Li Wan‐Shan , Liang Cher‐Wei , Liao I‐Chuang , Chang Yi‐Ming , Wang Jui‐Chu , Tsao Cheng‐Feng , Yu Shih‐Chen , Huang Hsuan‐Ying 
Published: January 2019

AimsSpindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas (SC/SRMS) feature spindled and/or rounded rhabdomyosarcomatous cells within variably hyalinised stroma. Only 30–67% of SC/SRMSs harbour neomorphic MYOD1 p.L122R mutations, indicating heterogeneity in this RMS type. We compared MYOD1‐mutant and non‐mutant cases to characterise the histological and genetic spectrum of mutated SC/SRMS.Methods and resultsSeventeen RMSs with spindled, sclerosing or hybrid histology were sequenced to identify MYOD1 and PIK3CA mutations and reappraised to assess histological features and myogenic immunophenotypes. Twelve SC/SRMSs harboured MYOD1 mutations, including homozygous p.L122R (n = 8), heterozygous p.L122R (n = 3) and heterozygous p.E118K (n = 1). MYOD1‐mutant tumours affected nine females and three males aged 8–64 years (median = 22.5), had a median size of 4.2 cm (range = 2–22) and involved the head and neck (n = 7), extremities (n = 4) and mediastinum (n = 1). Fascicular/spindle histology was predominant in four cases, including one with heterologous lipoblasts in focally myxoid stroma. Four sclerosing cases mainly comprised rounded cells, including one with multinucleated tumour cells. Four cases were histologically hybrid. The only PIK3CA (p.H1047R) mutation was detected in a predominantly spindled MYOD1‐p.L122R‐mutated case, but not in its laser‐microdissected lipoblast‐containing area. All MYOD1‐mutant cases exhibited diffuse MYOD1 expression but patchy myogenin reactivity. At final follow‐up (median = 13.5 months), recurrences (n = 4), metastases (n = 2) or both (n = 1) occurred in seven MYOD1‐mutant cases; one had died of disease. Five non‐mutated cases were reclassified as spindle embryonal (n = 3), dense embryonal (n = 1) and unclassifiable (n = 1) RMSs.ConclusionMYOD1‐mutant RMSs are uncommonly mutated with PIK3CA and behave aggressively with an expanded morphological and genetic spectrum, including lipoblastic differentiation, multinucleated cells and the alternative p.E118K mutation.
The efficacy and use of finasteride in women: a systematic review
Authors: Hu Allison C. , Chapman Lance W. , Mesinkovska Natasha A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhysicians are beginning to use finasteride as treatment for hair loss, hirsutism, and various other dermatologic conditions in women. However, the reported efficacy and use of finasteride in the female population varies widely. The purpose of this study is therefore to better define the efficacy and use of finasteride in women and identify research gaps that require further investigation.MethodsA systematic review of the current literature describing finasteride use in women.ResultsA total of 2,683 patients participated in 65 studies involving finasteride use in women published between January 1997 and July 2017. Most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated finasteride use in women with hirsutism (48.7%) or female pattern hair loss (34.7%). RCTs recommend finasteride treatment for women with hirsutism or polycystic ovarian syndrome. Meanwhile, other forms of hair loss were studied such as alopecia, lichen planopilaris, and frontal fibrosing alopecia, but no RCTs evaluating finasteride therapy were identified. Other prospective and retrospective studies report that finasteride may improve hair loss in women with female pattern hair loss or frontal fibrosing alopecia. Overall, doses of oral finasteride ranged from 0.5 to 5 mg/day, in females aged 6–88, over a duration of 6–12 months (57.6%), as monotherapy (88.9%), and for continuous use (96.4%).ConclusionThe studies reviewed highlight the finasteride dosage, length of treatment, and candidate conditions that can benefit from finasteride therapy. Future long‐term studies are necessary to fully assess the therapeutic mechanisms and potential consequences of finasteride use and to optimize treatment protocols.
Preoperative and postoperative psychologically informed physical therapy: A systematic review of randomized trials among patients with degenerative spine, hip, and knee conditions
Authors: Coronado Rogelio A. , Patel Akshita M. , McKernan Lindsey C. , Wegener Stephen T. , Archer Kristin R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeTo summarize evidence on preoperative and postoperative psychologically informed physical therapy (PIPT) for improving outcomes after degenerative spine, hip, or knee surgery.MethodsFour electronic databases were searched. Randomized trials were included if they examined the efficacy of a preoperative or postoperative intervention involving the delivery of psychologically based strategies by a physical therapist for improving function/disability, pain, quality of life, or psychological factors. Outcomes at 12 months or longer were considered long‐term.ResultsTwelve articles representing 10 unique studies (total N = 1,127 patients, 636 (56.4%) females) in lumbar (n = 7) or cervical spine surgery (n = 1), total knee arthroplasty (n = 1), and total knee/hip arthroplasty (n = 1) were included. The most common PIPT components were coping skills training, psychoeducation, and positive reinforcement. Greater improvements following PIPT were reported in 5 (56%) studies for function/disability, 6 (60%) for pain, 5 (71%) for quality of life, and 7 (70%) for psychological factors. Of these, greater long‐term benefit was reported in three studies for function/disability, two for pain or quality of life, and four for psychological factors.ConclusionWhen examining postoperative effects, there is no clear superiority of PIPT after surgery. However, the data illustrate potential for further development of PIPT in the context of surgery.
MiR‐103 inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy through inactivation of myocardial cell autophagy via targeting TRPV3 channel in rat hearts
Authors: Qi Hanping , Ren Jing , E Mingyao , Zhang Qianhui , Cao Yonggang , Ba Lina , Song Chao , Shi Pilong , Fu Bowen , Sun Hongli 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy is a common pathological change frequently accompanied by chronic hypertension and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy have never been elucidated. Recent studies indicated that miR‐103 expression was significantly decreased in heart failure patients. However, less is known about the role of miR‐103 in cardiac hypertrophy. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between miR‐103 and the mechanism of pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy. TRPV3 protein, cardiac hypertrophy marker proteins (BNP and β‐MHC) and autophagy associated proteins (Beclin‐1 and LC3‐II) were up‐regulated, as well as, miR‐103 expression and autophagy associated proteins (p62) were down‐regulated in cardiac hypertrophy models in vivo and in vitro respectively. Further results indicated that silencing TRPV3 or forcing overexpression of miR‐103 could dramatically inhibit cell surface area, relative fluorescence intensity of Ca2+ signal and the expressions of BNP, β‐MHC, Beclin‐1 and LC3‐II, but promote p62 expression. Moreover, TRPV3 protein was decreased in neonatal rat ventricular myocyte transfected with miR‐103, but increased by AMO‐103. Co‐transfection of the miR‐103 with the luciferase reporter vector into HEK293 cells caused a sharp decrease in luciferase activity compared with transfection of the luciferase vector alone. The miR‐103‐induced depression of luciferase activity was rescued by an AMO‐103. These findings suggested that TRPV3 was a direct target of miR‐103. In conclusion, miR‐103 could attenuate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy partly by reducing cardiac autophagy activity through the targeted inhibition of TRPV3 signalling in the pressure‐overloaded rat hearts.
Gel strength estimation and optimizing textural behavior of mixed gelatin–carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel
Authors: Tezel Guler Bengusu , Uzuner Sibel , Evrendilek Gulsun A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRheological and textural behavior of mixed hydrolgels gelatin‐carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were examined to evaluate the influence of hydrogel concentration (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%), hydrogel mixed ratio (1:2, 1:1, and 2:1), temperature (4, 12, and 20 °C) and pH (3, 5, and 7.0) on gel strength. Depending on the experimental design, chemical weak and physical mixed gelatin‐CMC hydrogels were obtained according to small amplitude oscillation (SAOS) test. The most effective factor was found as pH followed by hydrogel mixed ratio and hydrogel concentration for gel strength according to design model. The optimum textural conditions for mixed hydrogels were also determined to be 1.0% of hydrogel concentration, 2:1 of hydrogel mixed ratio, 4 °C of temperature, and pH of 7.0 with texture of 1.30 N. It is concluded that gel strength is more sensitive to temperature from rheological measurement than from getting textural measurements.Practical applicationsHydrogel is a good film form to resist water vapor and air diffusion in coating for fruit and vegetables. Combination of different hydrogels is increased rheological properties such as gel strength due to the synergistic interactions. Thus, gel strength estimation is a critical issue to be explored in food industry especially in food coatings for the improvement of texture, stability, and shelf life extension of food products. As a consequence, there is need to evaluate stability of gel strength under different gel production and processing conditions.
Hyaluronic acid fillers for correcting midface volume deficit in Barraquer‐Simons syndrome
Authors: Afra T. P. , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Razmi T Muhammed , Narang Tarun , Dogra Sunil 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundBarraquer‐Simons syndrome (BSS) or acquired partial lipodystrophy is a disorder of loss of subcutaneous fat from the upper part of the body. The resulting cosmetic disfigurement causes significant psychological distress in the affected individuals. Fillers, autologous fat transplant or cosmetic surgeries can be used to correct the volume deficit.MethodsThe authors report a case of a young woman, who presented with gradual loss of subcutaneous fat from the face, upper limbs, and trunk. On evaluation, she had low complement C3 levels, but there were no features to suggest any metabolic complication. She was diagnosed with BSS. Her volume deficit in the midface area was managed with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler.ResultsThe treatment has resulted in the correction of her facial volume loss immediately following the procedure with a maintained effect at follow‐up visits. She experienced no major adverse events.ConclusionHyaluronic acid filler is safe and effective for the management of volume loss in BSS. It gives a long lasting result and an added self‐confidence to the patient.
The relationship of “shisha” (water pipe) smoking to the risk of head and neck cancer
Authors: Patil Shankargouda , Awan Kamran Habib , Arakeri Gururaj , Aljabab Abdulsalam , Ferrari Marco , Gomes Carolina C. , Gomez Ricardo S. , Brennan Peter A. 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionThere has been a recent rise in popularity of waterpipe smoking (WPS) among younger people. While it is a tobacco‐related product, research on the possible deleterious effects on health and its relationship with cancer is sparse. In this paper, we evaluated the existing literature and association of WPS with head and neck cancer.Materials and methodsPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and grey literature from January 1990 up to and including March 2017 were searched. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection according to eligibility criteria.ResultsA total of seven studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. In four studies that evaluated the associated risk of oesophageal cancer, the odds ratio (OR) ranged from 1.69 (95% CI = 0.76‐3.77) to 21.4 (95% CI = 11.6‐39.5). The OR for the association of WPS with nasopharyngeal cancer and oral cancer was reported to be 0.49 (95% CI = 0.20‐1.43) and 4.20 (95% CI = 1.32‐13.3), respectively. One study that evaluated risk in different head and neck cancers reported 2‐fold OR (2.73 [95% CI = 1.65‐4.41]).ConclusionOn the basis of our evaluation, there is an association of WPS with head and neck cancer. However, larger studies with standardized methods are needed to identify the possible detrimental health effects of WPS more fully.
Good long‐term adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with resistant hypertension and sleep apnea
Authors: Campos‐Rodriguez Francisco , Navarro‐Soriano Cristina , Reyes‐Nuñez Nuria , Torres Gerard , Caballero‐Eraso Candela , Lloberes Patricia , Diaz‐Cambriles Trinidad , Somoza Maria , Masa Juan F. , Gonzalez Monica , Mañas Eva , de la Peña Monica , Barbe Ferran , Garcia‐Rio Francisco , Montserrat Josep Maria , Muriel Alfonso , Garcia‐Ortega Alberto , Selma Maria J. , Martinez‐Garcia Miguel‐Angel ,   on behalf the Spanish Sleep Network
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough adequate adherence is paramount in achieving the beneficial effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, long‐term adherence and the variables involved in continuous positive airway pressure compliance in patients with resistant hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea are yet unknown. We conducted a prospective, multicentre, observational study in 177 patients recruited from hypertensive units with resistant hypertension confirmed by means of 24‐hr blood pressure monitoring (blood pressure ≥ 130 and/or ≥ 80 mmHg, despite taking at least three antihypertensive drugs or < 130/80 mmHg with > 3 drugs) and obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 5 in a respiratory polygraph) who were prescribed continuous positive airway pressure treatment. Good adherence was defined as an average cumulative continuous positive airway pressure use of ≥ 4 hr per night at the end of the follow‐up. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of continuous positive airway pressure adherence. Patients were followed for a median of 57.6 (42–72) months after initiating continuous positive airway pressure therapy. At the end of the follow‐up, the median continuous positive airway pressure use was 5.7 (inter‐quartile range 3.9–6.6) hr per night, and 132 patients (74.5%) showed good continuous positive airway pressure adherence. The only baseline variable associated with poor adherence was the presence of previous stroke (hazard ratio 4.00, 95% confidence interval 1.92–8.31). Adequate adherence at 1 month also predicted good adherence at the end of the follow‐up (hazard ratio 14.4, 95% confidence interval 4.94–56). Both variables also predicted adherence at a threshold of 6 hr per night. Our results show that good continuous positive airway pressure adherence is an achievable and feasible goal in patients with resistant hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea. Previous stroke and short‐term adherence predicted long‐term adherence.
Clinicopathological findings in 41 dogs (2008‐2018) naturally infected withEhrlichia ewingii
Authors: Qurollo Barbara A. , Buch Jesse , Chandrashekar Ramaswamy , Beall Melissa J. , Breitschwerdt Edward B. , Yancey Caroline B. , Caudill Alexander H. , Comyn Alaire 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundEhrlichia ewingiiis the most seroprevalentEhrlichia‐infecting dogs in the southern and mid‐western United States. Fever, lameness, and polyarthritis are commonly reported findings in dogs naturally infected withE. ewingii.ObjectivesTo evaluate clinicopathologic findings in a population of dogs naturally infected withE. ewingii.AnimalsForty‐one dogs PCR positive forE. ewingiiand PCR negative for other targeted vector‐borne organisms.MethodsRetrospective study. Clinical and clinicopathologic data including physical examination findings, CBC, serum biochemistry, urinalysis (UA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and vector‐borne disease diagnostic results were reviewed.ResultsFrequent clinical diagnoses other than ehrlichiosis (28/41; 68.3%) were renal disease (7/41; 17.1%) and immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) (6/41; 14.6%). The most frequent physical examination finding was joint pain (14/41; 34.1%). Prominent hematologic and biochemical abnormalities included abnormal lymphocyte counts (22/36; 61.1%); neutrophilia (21/37; 56.8%); increased alkaline phosphatase (20/35; 57.1%) and alanine transaminase (14/35; 40%) activities; and increased SDMA concentration (11/34; 32.4%). Urinalysis abnormalities included proteinuria (20/27; 74%), most with inactive sediments (16/20; 80%). Dogs were seroreactive byEhrlichia canisimmunofluorescence assay (IFA; 17/39; 43.6%) andEhrlichiaELISA (34/41; 82.9%). Seroreactivity by IFA for other vector‐borne pathogens includedBartonella(1/39; 2.6%),Rickettsia rickettsii(spotted‐fever group rickettsiae) (12/39; 30.8%), andBorrelia burgdorferiby ELISA (1/41; 2.4%).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRenal disease, IMHA, proteinuria, neutrophilia, abnormal lymphocytes, and increased liver enzyme activities were common in this group ofE. ewingii‐infected dogs. Studies are needed to determine ifE. ewingiicontributes to comorbidities or is a precipitating factor in clinical syndromes in persistently infected dogs.