bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Do Risk-Averse Litigants Set Contingent Fees for Risk-Neutral Lawyers?
Authors: Park Sung-Hoon , Lee Sanghack 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe examine a two-stage litigation in which risk-averse litigants set contingent fees strategically for risk-neutral lawyers. In the first stage of the litigation, each litigant sets a fixed fee and a contingent fee for his lawyer. In the second stage, each lawyer exerts effort to win a lawsuit on behalf of the litigant. Employing the subgame-perfect equilibrium as a solution concept, we obtain the following results. First, if a litigant sets a higher rate of contingent fee, then the opponent follows suit and the contingent fee fraction increases in the difference in litigant’s utility between winning and losing the case. Second, changes in a litigant’s initial endowment have different effects on the contingent fee fraction depending upon litigant preferences, while an increase in the prize of the case always increases the contingent fee fraction regardless of litigant preferences.
Towards a Science of the Self: Autism, Autobiography, and Animal Behavior in Temple Grandin’sAnimals in Translation
Authors: Banerjee Mita 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper argues that Temple Grandin’s work serves as an intervention into the very framework of ‘disability.’Animals in Translationsuggests that the minds of people living with autism are ‘wired differently’; yet, this difference, Grandin makes clear, is by no means always a disadvantage. As a scientist in animal studies and a consultant for animal behavior, Grandin claims that persons on the autism spectrum may be ideally suited for understanding the animal mind. Describing both autism and animal behavior through the discourse of neuroscience, she takes the analogy between persons with autism and animals one step further. Both animals, especially birds, and people on the autism spectrum have long succeeded in disproving assumptions about the limitations of their mental capacity. Not so long ago, Grandin reminds us, neurologists assumed that there was ‘no inside’ to the autistic mind. It has been Grandin’s life’s work, and one of her key accomplishments, to disprove this assumption.
Die Bearbeitung des deuteronomischen Gesetzes im Lichte biblischer Erzählungen
Authors: Germany Stephen 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Wirkung einzelner Erzählungen im Enneateuch auf das dtn Gesetz, statt der herkömmlich angenommenen Abhängigkeitsrichtung vom dtn Gesetz auf erzählende Texte zu folgen. Dadurch verstärkt sich der Eindruck vom wechselseitigen Charakter der Entstehung der »deuteronomistischen Geschichtsschreibung« in der Hebräischen Bibel.
Zum 2. Korintherbrief: Drei wichtige Parallelen zur Qumrangemeinde (Gemeinde Gottes, neuer Bund und Neuschöpfung)
Authors: Kuhn Heinz-Wolfgang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In the Second Epistle to the Corinthians Paul uses three concepts, which have very close parallels in contemporary non-Christian texts only in the writings of the Qumran community (“the community of God”, “new covenant” and the idea of new creation already in the present). Since the concept of new creation in the so-called Community Songs of 1QHa is under discussion, a thorough interpretation is of great importance, esp. of 1QHa XI 22. The “new covenant” in Paul’s letters is more than the “renewed covenant” of the Qumran community. The background of ἐκκλησία τοῦ θεοῦ is Jewish even though Hellenistic-Roman associations and political assemblies have to be discussed concerning ἐκκλησία. There is no direct acquaintance of Paul with texts of the Qumran community. The relevance of these texts for understanding Paul is found in several respects.
Genesis 2:7 in Conversation: The Exegesis of Paul, Philo, and the Hodayot
Authors: O’Connor M. John-Patrick 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article places three Jewish exegetes of Gen 2:7 in conversation—Paul, Philo, and the authors of the Hodayot. This exercise of comparative exegesis hopes to caution overly ambitious parallels between Paul and his contemporaries. When discussions of Philo or the Hodayot serve the end of clarifying Paul’s otherwise cryptic treatise on the resurrection, the results have yielded, at times, similarities between Paul and his contemporaries at the cost of evaluating each author’s critical differences. Instead, this article examines the exegesis of three Jewish readers of one text, Gen 2:7, each on his own terms, in an attempt to avoid mapping one interpreter’s exegesis onto another’s. Each of these three Jewish readers appeal to Gen 2:7 for answers related to anthropology and the afterlife. By placing Paul alongside two other Jewish readers of the same text, this article highlights their similarities while also appreciating their differences.
Symmetrical Viewpoint Representations in Face-Selective Regions Convey an Advantage in the Perception and Recognition of Faces
Authors: Flack Tessa R. , Harris Richard J. , Young Andrew W. , Andrews Timothy J. 
Published: March 2019

Learning new identities is crucial for effective social interaction. A critical aspect of this process is the integration of different images from the same face into a view-invariant representation that can be used for recognition. The representation of symmetrical viewpoints has been proposed to be a key computational step in achieving view-invariance. The aim of this study was to determine whether the representation of symmetrical viewpoints in face-selective regions is directly linked to the perception and recognition of face identity. In Experiment 1, we measured fMRI responses while male and female human participants viewed images of real faces from different viewpoints (−90, −45, 0, 45, and 90° from full-face view). Within the face regions, patterns of neural response to symmetrical views (−45 and 45° or −90 and 90°) were more similar than responses to nonsymmetrical views in the fusiform face area and superior temporal sulcus, but not in the occipital face area. In Experiment 2, participants made perceptual similarity judgements to pairs of face images. Images with symmetrical viewpoints were reported as being more similar than nonsymmetric views. In Experiment 3, we asked whether symmetrical views also convey an advantage when learning new faces. We found that recognition was best when participants were tested with novel face images that were symmetrical to the learning viewpoint. Critically, the pattern of perceptual similarity and recognition across different viewpoints predicted the pattern of neural response in face-selective regions. Together, our results provide support for the functional value of symmetry as an intermediate step in generating view-invariant representations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe recognition of identity from faces is crucial for successful social interactions. A critical step in this process is the integration of different views into a unified, view-invariant representation. The representation of symmetrical views (e.g., left profile and right profile) has been proposed as an important intermediate step in computing view-invariant representations. We found view symmetric representations were specific to some face-selective regions, but not others. We also show that these neural representations influence the perception of faces. Symmetric views were perceived to be more similar and were recognized more accurately than nonsymmetric views. Moreover, the perception and recognition of faces at different viewpoints predicted patterns of response in those face regions with view symmetric representations.
Developmental Remodeling of Thalamic Interneurons Requires Retinal Signaling
Authors: Charalambakis Naomi E. , Govindaiah Gubbi , Campbell Peter W. , Guido William 
Published: March 2019

The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the mouse is a model system to study the development of thalamic circuitry. Most studies focus on relay neurons of dLGN, yet little is known about the development of the other principal cell type, intrinsic interneurons. Here we examined whether the structure and function of interneurons relies on retinal signaling. We took a loss-of-function approach and crossed GAD67-GFP mice, which express GFP in dLGN interneurons, withmath5nulls (math5−/−), mutants that lack retinal ganglion cells and retinofugal projections.In vitrorecordings and 3-D reconstructions of biocytin-filled interneurons at different postnatal ages showed their development is a multistaged process involving migration, arbor remodeling, and synapse formation. Arbor remodeling begins during the second postnatal week, after migration to and dispersion within dLGN is complete. This phase includes a period of exuberant branching where arbors grow in number, complexity, and field size. Such growth is followed by branch pruning and stabilization, as interneurons adopt a bipolar architecture. The absence of retinal signaling disrupts this process. The math5−/−interneurons fail to branch and prune, and instead maintain a simple, sparse architecture. To test how such defects influence connectivity with dLGN relay neurons, we used DHPG [(RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine], the mGluR1,5agonist that targets F2 terminals. This led to substantial increases in IPSC activity among WT relay neurons but had little impact in math5−/−mice. Together, these data suggest that retinal signaling is needed to support the arbor elaboration and synaptic connectivity of dLGN interneurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPresently, our understanding about the development of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus is limited to circuits involving excitatory thalamocortical relay neurons. Here we show that the other principal cell type, intrinsic interneurons, has a multistaged developmental plan that relies on retinal innervation. These findings indicate that signaling from the periphery guides the maturation of interneurons and the establishment of inhibitory thalamic circuits.
Az alkalmazott és autonóm rajz összefonódása a képzőművészet határterületein: Liezen-Mayer Sándor két színházi függönytervéről
Authors: Hessky Orsolya 
Published: March 2019

Stage curtains are works in the border zone between applied art and high art, having a special place on account of their function and peculiar theme in the oeuvre of some 19th century artists. In that of Sándor Liezen-Mayer the salient places are taken by painting and literary illustration, but in indirect relationship with illustration his commissions to design stage curtains also constituted an organic part of the oeuvre. Designing the program and executing the painted stage curtains was squeezed to the periphery of 19th century painting, whereas in that-time art life it had an important place as an artistic task of great prestige since the late 18th century. With the demotion of allegoric representations into the background the huge surfaces of stage curtains began to feature compositions of a different type, which drew partly on the earlier stock of allegorical elements and partly on literary motifs.
Liezen-Mayer’s contemporary and former colleague at the Academy Hans Makart produced the important pieces of the last great period of curtain decoration, which might have partly been the model for the Hungarian artist, too. Liezen-Mayer’s two curtain designs known today are from the beginning and end of his career, as if framing the oeuvre. The two designs separated by some thirty years are variants of the same allegorical scene: Apollo, the ancient god of arts is seen in an easily interpreted composition, surrounded by diverse attributes and allegorical figures as an illustration of the mythological tradition. Only plans survive of the two – colour schemes and large cartoons –; the comparison of the two provides a firm basis to trace the change in the artist’s outlook over his career.
The impact of higher education on employment in the labour market: Lithuanian case
Authors: Bernatonyte Dalia , Ciburiene Jadvyga , Simanaviciene Zaneta , Startiene Grazina 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to investigate the employment of higher education in Lithuanian labour market between 2005 and 2014. Today, this problem is relevant to Lithuania, as level of high school graduates employment is changing yearly. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the impact of higher education on employment in Lithuanian labour market. Seeking to define the impact of higher education on employment in Lithuanian labour market, analysis and synthesis of scientific literature about the influence of education on the labour market; systematic statistical data analysis of Lithuanian education and employment and unemployment rate are presented. In order to compare the impact of Lithuanian higher education on employment rate, unemployment rate and real labour productivity with other countries of the EU-28, the correlation analysis are used. Results indicate that education attainment has influence on employment and unemployment level in Lithuanian labour market and relationship between higher education and employment, unemployment and real labour productivity are dominated in all the EU-28 countries.

Keywords: education; higher education; employment; unemployment; labour productivity.
İstanbul ve Eskişehir Bölgesi Minimum-Maksimum Yağış Miktarlarının Ekstrem Değerler Dağılımları Ailesi ile Modellenmesi
Authors: Çavuş Mustafa , Özdemir Özer , Sezer Ahmet 
Published: March 2019

Ekstrem (uç) olaylar doğada az olasılıkla ortaya çıkmakla birlikte,
ortaya çıktıklarında etki alanları hem ekonomik hem de çevresel olarak büyük
olmaktadır. Bu yüzden bu tür olayların hangi olasılıkla ortaya çıkabileceği, bu
konuda alınması gereken tedbirlerin neler olması gerektiği konusunda
belirleyici olmaktadır. Ekstrem(uç) değerler dağılımları ailesindeki
dağılımların parametrelerinin doğru belirlenmesi ekstrem olasılıkların doğru
hesaplanmasına katkıda bulunacaktır. Literatürdeki Weibull, Frechet, Gumbell
dağılımlarına ilişkin parametreler R programında yer alan fitdistrplus fonksiyonu kullanılarak elde edilecektir. Bu çalışmada
ülkemiz nüfusunun yoğun olarak bulunduğu İstanbul bölgesi ve Eskişehir
bölgesindeki maksimum ve minimum yağış miktarlarının dağılımı blok maksimum
yöntemi kullanılarak araştırılacaktır. Bu dağılımlardan elde edilecek sonuçlar,
potansiyel risklere ve fırsatlara karar verilmesine yardımcı olacaktır.
México en el centenario de la Revolución mexicana
Authors: Portal Marta 
Published: March 2019

El artículo “México en el centenario de la Revolución mexicana” considera en el primer párrafo que una imagen literaria puede llegar a tener el valor de símbolo de percepción histórica, que repercute en la realidad mental de la representación que de un acontecimiento real e histórico, puede tener un pueblo, una nacionalidad. La autora interpreta cómo se ha ido configurando la trayectoria psicocultural de esta imagen primera que dieron los novelistas mexicanos. Marta Portal, se refiere a la aportación plástica, el mural, “espejo más que instrumento dialéctico”, dice, o viene a decir, pronunciándose por la narrativa, y por la mayor carga reflexiva del lenguaje literario: testimonio, reflexión, dialéctica, evaluación, arenga, en algunos casos.
Analisis Jalur Faktor Angka Kematian Ibu di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2014
Authors: Yasril Abdi Iswahyudi , Mahmudah Mahmudah 
Published: March 2019

Path analysis was a statistical analysis technique which was developed from multiple regression analysis. This method was used to analyze the causal relationship that involve many variables such as maternal mortality rate (MMR). Many variables influenced the MMR but it was not easy to find the dominant variable because it will create problems multicolinearity. Therefore it used path analysis to analyze the direct and indirect effects in the incidence of MMR based on the model of causal relationship.The purpose of this study to apply path analysis on factors that affect maternal mortality rate in East Java province. This study was a non-reactive using data SUSENAS and East Java Provincial Health Profile 2014 on maternal mortality rate in all districts in East Java using path analysis. The results of path analysis showed that there was influence between the variables of women who married at age <17 years (p = 0.045; β = 0.376), birth attendance by non-medical (p = 0.013; β = 0.475) and obstetric complications (p = 0.036; β = 0.323) on the incidence of MMR. Analyzed furthermore of variables woman who married at age <17 years (β = 0.528) and birth attendance by non-medical (β = 0.632) influenced directly and indirectly to MMR. It was expected by using this path analysis health practitioners could improve their services and assistances to all pregnant women for early detection of high risk pregnancy.
Gambaran Program Generasi Berencana (GenRe) di Indonesia dan di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2017
Authors: Rini Ita Mustofa , Tjadikijanto Yuni Dwi 
Published: March 2019

The success of a nation in the future will be largely determined by the quality of adolescents in the present. Therefore, adolescent's personal life must be prepared as early as possible in order to achieve optimal quality. The main program that support the achievement of youth quality is the Generasi Berencana (GenRe) program. This research aims to analyze the description of GenRe program implementation in Indonesia and in East Java Province based on the 2017 Survey of performance indicators on Population Program, Family Planning and Family Development. This study focuses on increasing age of first marriage, adolescent resproductive health, family development program for adolescent andCounseling Information Centers for Youth. Study found that GenRe program which covers three indicators in both Indonesia and East Java is still unoptimally implemented. In order to maximize the implementation of GenRe, this study suggest to increase the knowledge and exposure of information regarding three indicators of the GenRe Program for adolescents, families who have teenage family members and communities in the territory of Indonesia, especially in East Java Province.
How Did America Inspire Indonesian Revolution?
Authors: Susilo I Basis , Pratamasari Annisa 
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the American Revolution as an inspiration for Indonesia’s founding fathers to fight for their nation’s independence in 1945. This paper was sparked by the existence of the pamphlet ‘It's 1776 in Indonesia’ published in 1948 in the United States which presupposes the link between Indonesian Revolution and the American Revolution. The basic assumption of this paper is that Indonesian founding fathers were inspired by the experiences of other nations, including the Americans who abolished the British colonization of 13 colonies in North American continent in the eigthenth century. American inspiration on the struggle for Indonesian independence was examined from the spoken dan written words of three Indonesian founding fathers: Achmad Soekarno, Mohamad Hatta and Soetan Sjahrir. This examination produced two findings. First, the two Indonesian founding fathers were inspired by the United States in different capacities. Compared to Hatta and Sjahrir, Soekarno referred and mentioned the United States more frequent. Second, compared to the inspirations from other nations, American inspiration for the three figures was not so strong. This was because the liberal democratic system and the American-chosen capitalist system were not the best alternative for Soekarno, Hatta and Sjahrir. Therefore, the massive exposition of the 1776 Revolution in 1948 was more of a tactic on the Indonesian struggle to achieve its national objectives at that time, as it considered the United States as the most decisive international post-World War II political arena.
Intra-Industry Trading Factors and Patterns in ASEAN-5 Region
Authors: Muryani Muryani , Pratiwi Anisa Dyan 
Published: March 2019

The large expansion of trade in the form of Intra-Industry Trade (IIT) in ASEAN is driving large volumes and variety of traded goods and is changing patterns of trade across members. This paper examines the factors affecting the level of IIT for ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand) in the period of 2004-2014. IIT is measured with Grubel-Lloyd index covering ten different one-digit SITC categories. The result indicates a large Intra-Industry Trade among ASEAN countries and across most manufacturing sectors. IIT Index is employed as a dependent variable, and four variables are used as independent variables: 1) different GDP per capita, 2) foreign direct investment (FDI), 3) trade openness, and 4) distance. Different GDP per capita and trade openness have a positive effect on IIT. FDI does not affect IIT, and distance has a negative effect on IIT across intra-ASEAN trade. Keywords: International Trade, Intra-Industry Trade, Grubel-Lloyd, Panel Data Analysis
The influence of contact area between implant and its adjacent teeth on finite element analysis
Authors: Dai Wenjie , Lu Xi 
Published: March 2019

The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of contact area between the first molar implant and its adjacent teeth on finite element analysis. Five types of finite element contact models containing implant and its adjacent teeth were established: non-contact model (C0), contact models with different contact area (C1, C2, C3, C4). An occlusal force was applied to finite element models to calculate the stress of implant and bone interface on mandible. Compared with the group C0, the stress of alveolar bone surrounding the implant in other groups decreased 88.08 % at most, but the stress of cancellous bone surrounding the natural teeth increased 59.42 %. In summary, a proper small contact area can not only reduce the stress concentration on the implant region, but also can avoid an excessive stress in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone around the natural teeth. The finite element results revealed that it is effectively to distribute the load implant suffered, especially to reduce the stress generated by the lateral load when the first molar implant has a small contact with its adjacent teeth.
Monitoring and analysis of blasting vibration in tunnel excavation of nuclear power plant
Authors: Jiang Jinlin , Li Haibo , Hong Shengnan , Liu Yaqun , Xia Xiang , Zuo Hong , Zeng Yongqing 
Published: March 2019

Vibration monitoring of blasting excavation of drainage tunnel in Lufeng Nuclear Power Plant is carried out and the data of blasting vibration is analyzed in this paper. The results show that: (1) The vertical vibration velocity of the rock mass is greater than the horizontal radial and horizontal tangential vibration velocity (2) The blasting vibration velocity of rock mass decreases with distance, which is affected by rock structure and explosive quantity. The monitoring research in this paper has guiding significance for vibration prediction and control in tunnel blasting excavation.