bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bee pollination and association of apricot varieties
Authors: Szabó Z. , Nyéki J. , Benedek P. , Erdős Z. , Soltész M. 
Published: December 2018

Apricot yields are highly variable according to the season. The variation is caused mainly by the adversities during the critical processes of floral biology, i.e. blooming and fertilisation. On the basis of information concerning blooming time and mutual compatibility relations of apricot varieties a system of securing regular and adequate yields has been developed.
Winter frosts of the continental type are well tolerated by most of the apricots, however, after the end of rest period, flower buds are loosing frost tolerance, 'rapidly.
Being one of the fruit species blooming earliest during the early spring, apricot start to bloom in Hungary around the end of March or early April as a mean of many years, but it also happened, exceptionally that apricot started to bloom at February 20 (at Letenye South Hungary). The early season, exposes the floral organs to frost injuries. As a consequence, apricot orchards on the Great Plain produce low yields in 3 years, intermediate yields in other 3 years out of a ten-year-period.
Moreover, weather conditions during the blooming period are often unfavourable for pollination. Cool, windy and rainy weather prevents the flight of insects and on the other hand, warm spells shorten the blooming process, nectarines and stigmata get dry and the female gametes loose viability before effective pollination occurres.
The fertility of individual cultivars are meeting different obstacles. Apricot cultivars differ greatly in the rate of flowers bearing underdeveloped pistils, which may attain even 60% (e.g. Orangered). New commercial cultivars are often self-incompatible. Local varieties of that type in Hungary are the „óriás" varieties (e.g. Ceglédi óriás, Szegedi mammut), and the new hybrid Ceglédi Piroska. Many of the cultivars are variable in their self-fertility (partially self-fertile): Budapest, Harmat, Korai piros, Mandulakajszi.
Inter-incompatibility is also known in apricots. The „óriás " varieties do not fertilise each other. During the growth of fruits, cool spells (2-4 °C) caused severe fruit shed in Ceglédi óriás.
Apricot flowers produce pollen and nectar at average rates related to other fruit species, thus bees are attracted sufficiently. Bee visits are very variable according to growing site and season. Most of the bees are pollen gatherers but sometimes nectar suckers are in majority. Bee pollination is necessary not only for the self-incompatible varieties but also to enhance the yield of self-fertile varieties.
Taking the blooming and fertility relations of the cultivars into account, plantations should not exceed two rows to a particular self-incompatible varieties, and possibly two different polliniser varieties are suggested to be planted as flanking the block in question.
In commercial plantations 2 to 4 bee colonies per hectare are proposed to move for the whole blooming period.
Virus susceptibility and resistance of Hungarian pepper varieties
Authors: Horváth J. , Kazinczi G. , Takács A. , Pribék D. , Bese G. , Gáborjányi R. , S. Kadlicskó 
Published: December 2018

The aim of our study was to examine susceptibility or resistance of 18 pepper varieties to four viruses [tobacco mosaic
tobamovirus (TMV), sowbane mosaic sobemovirus (SoMV), NTN strain of potato Y potyvirus (PVYNTN) and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV). Out of the 18 varieties, 13 were resistant to CMV infection. Thirteen varieties were susceptible to TMV, while five ones (Dabora Fl, Brill Fl, Feherozon Synthetic, Ciklon Fl, Cecil Fl) showed only local hypersensitive reaction. All of the tested pepper varieties showed resistance to SoMV. Eight varieties (Tuba, Fehérözön Synthetic, Boni, Alba Regia, Korona, Édesalma, Cecil Fl, Star) were found to be resistant to PVYNTN. Out of the examined varieties five (Boni, Alba Regia, Korona, Édesalma, Star) were resistant to three viruses (SoMV, CMV and PVYNTN). Only one (Cecil F1) displayed complex, extreme resistance to SoMV, PVYNTN, CMV and hypersensitive reaction to TMV, therefore this hybrid is very important in pepper breeding and growing for virus resistance.
In vitro regeneration from cotyledons of watermelon
Authors: Zarka V. , Velich L. , Bisztray Gy. 
Published: December 2018

Cotyledonary segments of five different genotypes of watermelon were used to induce organogenesis. Five different hormone combinations were applied to enhance the induction of shoot formation on the surface of the segments. The phases of organogenesis were followed with light and scanning electron microscope. Shoots were obtained after four weeks, then the shoots were transferred to hormone free medium for root induction.
This method of regeneration can be applied in transformation experiments. GUS histochemical assay was made to check the expected success of using Agrobacterium for the transformation.
Volatile constituents of Nepeta cataria L., N. glechoma Benth. and N. parviflora M. Bieb. from Hungary
Authors: Héthelyi É. B. , Szabó L. Gy. , Korány K. 
Published: December 2018

In the temperate zone live about 150 species of the Nepeta genus. Our investigations covered the examinations of the volatile oil containing species of the genus endemic in Hungary, Nepeta cataria and Nepeta parviflora. Latter is a relict of the ancient steppe-flora and endemic in Hungary as well. Phytochemical examination of the volatile oil containing plant material has also been carried out. Catnip growing in the Botanical Garden of PTE Department of Botany contained 0,67% volatile oil in May and 0,14% in November. Chemical character of the volatile oils were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and citronellol, citral-A, citral-B and geraniol components were identified. The composition of the oil of November samples shifted towards citronellol (65%). In both samples insecticide and repellent activity bearing compounds (+)-cis-p-menthane-3,8-diol, and (—)-trans-p-menthane-3,8-diol in 2-2.5 and 4-4.5% amount have been found. The catnip sample deriving from Germany contained a small amount of anetol, citronellol, neral, geraniol and geranial (6-13%), and possibly two isomers of nepetalactone in 23-31%.
The Nepeta parviflora endemic in the Nagyvolgy valley near Nagykaracsony consisted of the same compounds in the investigated years (1998-2000). Its limonene, methyl chavicol, b-cariophyllene, b-selinene, b-cubebene, davanone, germacrene-D constituents have been identified. In the year 2000 different GC % of these compounds were detected in the different organs of the plants.
The closely related species Nepeta cataria var. citriodora contained 83% citral, and the N. glechoma (= Glechoma hederacea) contained 41% a-cubebene, 20% patchoulenol, 7,7% spathulenol respectively. These compounds were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography / mass spectrometry.
Evaluation of precision farming with regard to horticulture
Authors: Székely Cs. , Kovács A. , Györök B. 
Published: December 2018

The global positioning system was made available for public use, which made it possible' to apply a new management tool in agriculture. Precision farming gives much more information on plant-growing than former methods, which makes it possible to use technologies more suitable for micro-sites. It is supposed that more profitable production can be realised with its aid and the strain on the environment can be reduced, not to mention other economic advantages.
The study makes economic conclusions about the method more and more widely used in plant production taking the yield mapping of Józsefmajor Experimental Farm as a basis and starts ideas about its possible application in arable land olericulture, viticulture and fruit production.
These issues are important because precision farming has existed in glass-culture for a long time from another perspective, which should be spread to open ground horticultural enterprises that are labour and asset intensive, qualitative farming forms with great plantation value.
The effect of soil mixtures of different consistence and phosphorus content in tray transplant-growing by lettuce
Authors: Tóth K. , Kappel N. , Slezák K. , Irinyi B. 
Published: December 2018

The transplant-growing with root balls gets more and more popular and time to time the only method even in high-quality lettuce transplant-growing. To work out the technology of transplant-growing in trays it was needed to define the accurate physical and chemical consistency of applied soils.
The transplant production in trays could become a good method in field-grown lettuce technologies. The production of transplants of good quality with this technology could be realised only by accurate soil mixtures.
The matter of transplant-growing substrates could be a low-moor turf. Its qualities could be positively influenced by adding minerals like bentonite in amount of 5 (or 10) V%.
To ensure enough phosphorus for the demands of transplants we have to add more fertilisers. The best results by lettuce we got by adding 4 kg/m3 superphosphate to the soil mixture.
Nutrient demand of stone fruits
Authors: Szűcs E. 
Published: December 2018

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization were investigated on the change of nutrient content, vegetative and generative production of apricot, peach and sour cherry trees, as well as on frost hardiness in long term experiments. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization increased only the concentration of these elements in cherry leaves without effect on growth and yield. Consequent potassium effect was proved on these stone fruit species. Effect on yield appeared following the first higher crop load.
Potassium supply has positive effect on frost hardiness of apricot and sour cherry flowers and peach flower buds.
In peach, the lime content of soil decreased the yield but it could be compensated by potassium dressing to some extent. Favourable nutrient boundary values were determined for soil and foliage.
“Bir Kaktüs Resmi Çiz Testi" Aracılığıyla Psikolojik Danışman Adaylarının Kişilik Özelliklerine ve Duygu Durumlarına İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Mukba Gamze , Kaya Zöhre , Özkan Rana 
Published: December 2018

“Bir Kaktüs Resmi Çiz Testi” hem çocukların hem de
yetişkinlerin iç dünyaları, mizaçları, duygu durumları hakkında bilgi vermeyi
sağlayan yansıtıcı testlerden biridir.
Bu araştırmanın amacı, psikolojik danışman adaylarının
kişilik özellikleri ve duygu durumlarına ilişkin görüşlerinin “Bir Kaktüs Resmi
Çiz Testi” aracılığıyla incelenmesidir.
Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında Van
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Bölümü’nde eğitim
alan 1. ve 2. sınıf öğrencilerinden 6 erkek ve 15 kadın olmak üzere toplam 21
kişi oluşturmuştur. Nitel araştırma desenine göre tasarlanan bu çalışmanın
verileri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği aracılığıyla toplanmıştır.
Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; kadın katılımcıların bir kısmının ve
erkek katılımcıların hepsinin “yabani bir kaktüs resmi” çizdikleri, “saksı”
çizmedikleri ve bu bağlamda “özgürlüklerine düşkün oldukları” söylenebilir.
Nitekim saksı içindeki ve kökleri olan kaktüs resimleri, evcimen olmayla
bağdaştırılırken; çöl kaktüsü, kökü olmayan ve yaban kaktüs resimleri “bağımsız
olmayla” ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmaya katılan erkek öğrencilerin
evcimen mizaç taşımadıkları söylenebilir. Yapılan bu uygulama ile bireylerin
yaptıkları resimler aracılığıyla onların duygu durumları ve içsel dünyaları
hakkında önemli bilgiler elde edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Dampak Pemilihan Kepala Daerah terhadap Alokasi Belanja Daerah
Authors: Setiawan Doddy , Setyorini Eka 
Published: December 2018

This research aims at examining the effect of local election to regional head on the local government budget allocation. Sample of the study consists of local government election in Java Island at year 2015. The study expect that incumbent engage in budget manipulation at the election year. The result of the study shows that there is different in the donation expenditure, social assistance expenditure and investment expenditure between pre-election year and election year. There is increase in donation expenditure, regional head increase donation expenditure to increase his performance. However, the increase of donation expenditure through decrease in investment expenditure and social assistance expenditure. Further test shows that incumbent that running for election also use his discretion to decrease service and goods expenditure.Â AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui adanya perbedaan alokasi belanja hibah, bantuan sosial, belanja barang jasa dan belanja modal dalam APBD pemerintah daerah pada saat pelaksanaan pemilihan umum kepala daerah. Penelitian dilakukan pada 52 daerah Kabupaten/Kota di Pulau Jawa yang melaksanakan pemilukada pada tahun 2015. Untuk menganalisis data, penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif yang menginformasikan tentang nilai minimum, nilai maksimum, rata â€“ rata (mean) dan standar deviasi (standard deviation). Penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t untuk menguji perbedaan alokasi belanja pada daerah sebelum dan pada saat pemilukada, dengan cara melakukan Uji Paired Sample t-Test. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat perbedaan alokasi belanja hibah, bantuan sosial dan belanja modal antara periode sebelum dan pada saat pemilukada. Hasil ini konsisten pada daerah yang dipimpin oleh petahana yang mengikuti pemilukada dan petahana yang tidak mengikuti pemilukada.
Cervical aortic arch
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Sefa , BEDEL Cihan 
Published: December 2018

Cervical aortic arch is an unusual
congenital anomaly. It
is usually symptomatic in childhood, but sometimes this abnormality is
diagnosed during radiological examination because of unrelated causes in
asymptomatic adults. We aimed to report
a case of cervical aortic arch and
review of the literature which presented
with cough and shortness of breath.
HUBUNGAN MATA KULIAH PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DENGAN PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP RADIKALISME DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Rahayu Ninik Sri 
Published: December 2018

Pancasila merupakan ideologi dan dasar Negara Republik Indonesia. Tujuan dari mata kuliah Pendidikan Pancasila pada perguruan tinggi, khususnya pokok bahasan Pancasila Sebagai Ideologi Negara yaitu pengembangan karakter Pancasilais yang teraktualisasi dalam sikap jujur, tanggung jawab, santun, ramah lingkungan, gotong royong, dan cinta damai. Paham radikalisme dapat memecah belah persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa Indonesia dan dapat menghancurkan ideologi Negara. Permasalahan radikalisme di era globalisasi ini dapat, khususnya radikalisme agama. Setelah menempuh mata kuliah Pendidikan Pancasila, mahasiswa diharapkan mampu memahami radikalisme sehingga dapat menangkal adanya radikalisme yang beredar di kampus. Pada Penelitian ini dilakukan tes mengenai persepsi mahasiswa mengenai paham radikalisme sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran mata kuliah Pendidikan Pancasila. Pengukuran persepsi mahasiswa menggunakan kuesioner skala likert dengan 15 butir item. Kuesioner terbagi menjadi tiga aspek yaitu definisi radikalisme, tujuan radikalisme, akibat adanya radikalime. Kuesioner tersebut diklasifikasikan ke dalam mahasiswa yang memiliki pemahaman yang sangat baik, baik, dan cukup. Dari kedua tes tersebut diketahui adanya pengaruh Pendidikan Pancasila terhadap persepsi mahasiswa mengenai radikalisme. Setelah perkuliahan Pendidikan Pancasila, persepsi mahasiswa dalam kategori yang sama, memiliki peningkatan nilai.
Determinan Penerimaan dan Belanja Daerah: Studi pada 10 Provinsi di Indonesia
Authors: Noviriani Eliza , Febrianty Anniza Dwi 
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to determine local government revenue and expenditure determinants from 10 provinces in Indonesia. The factors which affect local government revenue are Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDPR), inflation, and exchange rate. The local government revenue will affect local government expenditure. By using panel data, the research showed that variable of GDPR did not have influence on local government revenue. In addition, variable of inflation had a negative and significant influence on the local government revenue. Exchange rate had a positive and significant effect on local government revenue. Finally, local government revenue had a positive and significant impact on local government expenditure. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji determinan penerimaan dan belanja daerah di 10 Provinsi di Indonesia. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan daerah adalah Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), inflasi serta kurs. Penerimaan daerah akan berpengaruh terhadap belanja pemerintah daerah. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan data panel memperoleh hasil bahwa variabel PDRB tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penerimaan daerah. Selain itu, variabel inflasi memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap penerimaan daerah. Variabel kurs berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penerimaan daerah. Akhirnya, variabel penerimaan daerah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap belanja pemerintah daerah.
Tinjauan Pelaksanaan Pembayaran Non Tunai pada Belanja Bantuan Sosial: Studi Kasus Program Keluarga Harapan
Authors: Akhmadi Muhammad Heru 
Published: December 2018

Social Assistance is a government instrument in carrying out a fiscal policy for reducing poverty. Cash transfer, which has been given to social assistance recipients of the hope familiy program, has weaknesses in area both social and economical benefits, especially for financial inclusion program. To cope with the weaknesses, the government has adopted non-cash payments since 2016. This research investigated key success factors in implementing non-cash payments by using the hope family program as an sample. The result findings indicated that there was a need to make some adjustments, such as improving payment mechanism, improving understanding of financial information for social assistance recipients, adopting NIK as a basis for social assistance recipients database, simplificating of institutional bodies, integrating social assistance programs, and developing of information system for social assistance. Abstrak Bantuan Sosial merupakan instrumen pemerintah dalam melakukan kebijakan fiskal untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan. Sistem Pembayaran Tunai yang diberikan kepada penerima Bantuan Sosial Program Keluarga Harapan masih memiliki kelemahan baik dari sisi manfaat sosial maupun manfaat ekonomi khususnya program inklusi keuangan. Mengatasi hal ini, pemerintah melakukan ujicoba pembayaran non tunai sejak tahun 2016. Penelitian ini mencoba menggali faktor-faktor kesuksesan dalam sistem pembayaran non tunai dengan kasus Program Keluarga Harapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlunya melakukan penyesuaian seperti penyempurnaan mekanisme pembayaran, peningkatan pemahaman keuangan penerima bantuan, penggunaan NIK sebagai basis data penerimaan bantuan sosial, penyederhanaan kelembagaan, integrasi program bantuan sosial serta pengembangan sistem informasi bantuan sosial.
Kebijakan Fiskal di Persimpangan, Pro Growth atau Pro Poor?
Authors: Utama Zamrud Siswa , Khusaini M , Wahyudi Setyo Tri 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Indonesian fiscal policy is designed as pro growth and pro poor. Fiscal space and inequality rapid growth become constraints for this policy. Beside that constraints, pro poor and pro growth fiscal policy was debatable. Okun’s Law, Kuznet Theory and inclusive growth concept were sources of this debate. This paper investigates the impact of fiscal policy on growth and inequality. Using Error Correction Model (ECM), this paper shows that between 1980 until 2015, fiscal policy become more pro growth than pro poor. ABSTRAK Kebijakan fiskal Indonesia dirancang dalam kerangka pro growth dan pro poor. Keterbatasan ruang fiskal dan tingginya kecepatan peningkatan ketimpangan menjadi kendala. Selain kendala tersebut, usaha untuk merancang kebijakan fiskal yang pro growth dan pro poor menjadi perdebatan. Teori Kuznet, Hukum Okun, dan konsep pertumbuhan inklusif menjadi pangkal perdebatan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat dampak kebijakan fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan dan ketimpangan. Menggunakan Error Correction Model (ECM), hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa selama periode 1980 sampai dengan 2015 kebijakan fiskal cenderung mendorong pertumbuhan dibanding pemerataan.
The Contribution of Instructor Presence to Social Evaluation Anxiety, Immersion and Performance within Simulation-Based Learning Environments: A Within-Subject Randomised Cross-Over Trial with Paramedic Students
Authors: Mills Brennen , Carter Owen BJ , Ross Nathan P , Quick Jason K , Rudd Cobie J , Reid David N 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Previous research suggests removing instructors from simulation-based learning environments is popular with students who report greater task immersion and decreased anxiety. However, the specific impact of social evaluation anxiety on students’ immersion and performance remains equivocal. Methods N=31 paramedic students completed two simulation-based clinical scenarios in random order, one in the presence of an instructor and one without. Students’ distraction and time-to-completion were quantified via review of head-mounted video cameras, anxiety via continuous heart-rate (HR), and performance via two expert assessors reviewing video footage using a structured clinical assessment checklist. One-on-one, in-depth interviews followed with 12 randomly selected students. Results Students completed scenarios 1.8 minutes quicker when instructors were ‘absent’ compared to ‘present’ (6.6 vs. 8.4 min, p<.001), approximately half of this additional time was spent interacting with instructors (61.4 sec, SD=33.4). Peak HR was higher in the instructor ‘present’ than ‘absent’ group (121 vs. 116 bpm, p=.035), but no between-group difference was found for average HR (98 vs. 100 bpm, p=.407). Interview data suggested students felt greater stress in the presence of instructors. No statistical difference was evident between students’ performance scores in the instructor ‘absent’ versus ‘present’ conditions (71.6% vs. 69.4% respectively, p=.314). Conclusion Students were more immersed, reported being less stressed and distracted, and were significantly quicker at completing clinical tasks with instructors absent, with no detriment to performance. Removing instructors during simulation-based training is likely to enhance students’ immersion and potentially decrease social evaluation anxiety, but immediate performance is unlikely to improve.