bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benthic hotspots in the pelagic zone: Light and phosphate availability alter aggregates of microalgae and suspended particles in a shallow turbid lake
Authors: Brinkmann Bregje W. , Vonk J. Arie , van Beusekom Sebastiaan A. M. , Ibanez Maria , de Lucas Pardo Miguel A. , Noordhuis Ruurd , Manders Erik M. M. , Verspagen Jolanda M. H. , van der Geest Harm G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLimnetic aggregates from a turbid delta lake with low dissolved nutrient availability were studied in relation to light and dissolved nutrient availability. Quick light‐attenuation restricts the euphotic zone to the top surface layer of the water column, whereas mineralization processes in the sediment specifically provide dissolved nutrients near the lakebed. This suggests neither the pelagic nor the benthic zone provides the combination of resources required for microalgal growth. Nutrient mineralization in aggregates could bridge this apparent spatial gap in light and nutrients by providing dissolved nutrients in the euphotic zone, promoting microalgal growth. To explore this, aggregates obtained from turbid and phosphate‐limited lake Markermeer (The Netherlands) were exposed in the laboratory to phosphate‐replete and phosphate depleted conditions, at high‐light and low‐light availability. Confocal microscopy revealed that aggregates exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and contained microalgae, other microbes, and extracellular polymeric substances. The spatial distribution of the phosphatase activity in aggregates largely matched that of chlorophyll a (Chl a)‐lacking microbes, suggesting that these microbes were responsible for the activity. Colorimetric quantification revealed that aggregates exhibited over 1.9‐fold higher phosphatase activity than surrounding water. Two‐day exposure to different light and phosphate availabilities affected aggregate composition. Phosphate depleted conditions resulted in more Chl a‐lacking microbes and more phosphatase activity than phosphate‐replete conditions. Low‐light intensity resulted in higher abundance of extracellular polymeric substances than high‐light intensity. In contrast to aggregates from deep stratified systems, Markermeer aggregates were not enriched with dissolved phosphorus. These results suggest that P‐cycling in aggregates differs between shallow turbid and deep stratified ecosystems.
Creation and description of sand blasted stamp created micro roughness on polyetheretherketone with subsequent physical vapor deposition coating for promotion of osseointegration
Authors: Martin A. , König M. , Scheerer H. , Andersohn G. , Oechsner M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAdjusting the topography of implant surfaces on a micro‐scale allows improvement of osseointegration. Titanium surface modification like sand blasting is one of the known methods to alter the topography of the surface. Polyetheretherketone as a biomaterial is a suitable alternative to titanium but exhibits an inert surface character. The aim of this study was to combine the positive bulk properties of polyetheretherketone with the positive surface properties of sand blasted titanium. For the creation of particle free structured polyetheretherketone surface, four different sand blasted die were pressed on counter die polyetheretherketone to transfer the structure. Furthermore, a titanium layer was applied on the surface using physical vapor deposition. The transfer process of the four different topographies was investigated with roughness measurements and scanning electron microscope. One topography, created with aluminum oxide particles on copper, was found with the required Ra value of 1 μm and Rz value of 9.2 μm for improved osseointegration.
Researches on compressive mechanical property of thin‐walled hollow spheres structure
Authors: Dai M. , Deng J. , Jiang H. , Yang F. , He X. , Dai X. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe compressive mechanical property of thin‐walled hollow spheres structure is researched by experiment and finite element method in this paper. Due to the ideal elastic‐plastic material and extremely thin but uniform wall thickness, Ping‐Pong balls are bonded together with a linking neck to comprise the ideal model of thin‐walled hollow spheres structure. The experimental result validates the effectiveness of the finite element model. The effects of the material and geometry parameters of the spheres and linking neck are then investigated by finite element method. The results reveal that: 1) The deformation process of the two‐ball bonding structure includes four stages: elastic deformation, axisymmetric buckling, forming non‐axisymmetric polygon and transforming to axisymmetric mode (or structural self‐contact behavior); 2) the Young's modulus and initial yield stress are basically unaffected by the linking neck center thickness, but they increase linearly with the hollow sphere wall thickness and linking neck radius as well as the Young's modulus and yield stress of material, and the linear correlation of the material yield stress is the lowest; 3) the strain of structural self‐contact behavior increases with the linking neck center thickness and radius.
Accessing small craft‘s boatbuilding sustainability: A materials selection chart‘s approach
Authors: Walter Y. , Júnior W.K. , da Silva F.P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMaterials properties charts are proposed to compare available materials for small fishing craft artisanal boatbuilding. Mechanical flexural performance parameters were selected for the boats’ seakeeping and service life. Price, CO2 footprint, and embodied energy were the parameters used for economic and environmental sustainability evaluation. Combined parameters showed a competitive performance for wood. Results indicate that adopting laminate composite construction as a substitute for wood in the fishing craft fleet can be less sustainable from both economical and environmental perspectives. Efforts could be more effective if directed to increase existing artisanal boatyards’ sustainability through enhancing wood durability, optimizing its scantlings, adopting alternative native wood, reforested wood or wood cored sandwich composites.
Some investigations in evaluating the cyclic stress‐strain curves of titanium alloys
Authors: Li J. , Qiu Y.Y. , Li C.W. , Zhang Z.P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMost of the existing methods for estimating cyclic strength coefficient and cyclic strain hardening exponent are developed based on the experimental data of steel alloys or aluminum alloys. For titanium alloys, approximation methods are scarce in literature. In the present paper, the compatibility between Manson‐Coffin and Ramberg‐Osgood equations are evaluated using the 18 cyclic stress‐strain curves obtained from 13 titanium alloys. It is found that there is a reasonable correlation between the Ramberg‐Osgood's parameters (K′ and n′) and the Manson‐Coffin's parameters (σ′f, ϵ′f, b and c). However, the indirect methods utilizing the Manson‐Coffin's parameters predicted from monotonic tensile data cannot be successfully applied to estimate the Ramberg‐Osgood's parameters on the basis of the compatibility assumption.
Mixture of Two Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Modulates the Gut Microbiota Structure and Regulatory T Cell Response in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Lee Jieun , Jang Ja‐Young , Kwon Min‐Sung , Lim Seul Ki , Kim Namhee , Lee Jihyun , Park Hyo Kyeong , Yun Misun , Shin Mi‐Young , Jo Hee Eun , Oh Young Joon , Ryu Byung Hee , Ko Mi Yeon , Joo Wooha , Choi Hak‐Jong 
Published: October 2018

ScopeThe gut microbiota has been linked to diet‐induced obesity, and microorganisms that influence obesity have important health implications. In this study, the anti‐obesity effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains (DSR M2 and DSR 920) isolated from kimchi are investigated.Methods and resultsMice are fed a normal or high‐fat diet with or without DSR M2 and DSR 920 (DSR, 1 × 109 CFU d–1) for 12 weeks. DSR improves the obesity state, as evidenced by the i) suppressed obesity‐related markers, e.g., gains in body weight and fat mass, ii) reduced serum and liver triglyceride levels, iii) upregulated β‐oxidation and downregulated lipogenesis‐related genes in the liver, iv) reduced serum leptin levels, v) altered microbial communities, vi) increased regulatory T cell immunity, and vii) suppressed inflammatory response. In addition, correlation analysis shows that Akkermansia muciniphila and the genus Anaerostipes, which are increased in the DSR group, are negatively correlated with obesity‐related markers, but Mucispirillum schaedleri, which is increased in the high‐fat‐diet (HFD) group, is positively correlated with serum leptin level.ConclusionLactobacillus plantarum DSR M2 and DSR 920 are candidate probiotics for the prevention and amelioration of obesity.
Obesity in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia increases the risk of adverse events during pre‐maintenance chemotherapy
Authors: Meenan Chelsea K. , Kelly John A. , Wang Li , Ritchey A. Kim , Maurer Scott H 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeObesity correlates with adverse events (AEs) in children with acute myelogenous leukemia and during maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Less is known about AEs in obese ALL patients during pre‐maintenance chemotherapy. We evaluated the relationship between obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95th percentile) and AEs during pre‐maintenance chemotherapy in pediatric patients with ALL.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐five pediatric ALL patients diagnosed at a single institution between 2006 and 2012 were retrospectively evaluated for infections, treatment‐requiring hypertension, insulin‐requiring hyperglycemia, pancreatitis, pediatric intensive care unit admissions, sepsis, febrile neutropenia (FN) admissions, thrombosis, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Univariate and multivariable analyses compared proportions of obese versus nonobese patients experiencing AEs.ResultsAEs occurring significantly more frequently in obese patients by univariate analysis included treatment‐requiring hypertension (17.5% vs 6.1%; OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.1–10.0, P = 0.0497) and insulin‐requiring hyperglycemia (25.0% vs 11.3%; OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.04–6.56, P = 0.04). Obese patients had greater incidence rates for recurrent admission‐requiring infections (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.64; 95% CI, 1.08–2.48, P = 0.02) and recurrent FN admissions (IRR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.10–2.12, P = 0.01). Accounting for combined age and NCI risk status, obesity was a risk factor for treatment‐requiring hypertension (OR, 3.90; 95% CI, 1.19–12.76, P = 0.02), insulin‐requiring hyperglycemia (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.39–11.05, P = 0.01), and FN admission (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.27–6.73, P = 0.01).ConclusionsDuring pre‐maintenance chemotherapy for ALL, obesity is a risk factor for the development of hypertension, hyperglycemia, and FN admissions. This research provides implications for augmented preventive and supportive care guidelines in obese ALL patients.
Future health of AYA survivors
Authors: Burkart Madelyn , Sanford Stacy , Dinner Shira , Sharp Lisa , Kinahan Karen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAdolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology patients (ages 15–39) have been identified as a group with healthcare disparities including gaps and challenges in diagnosis, access to care, research, clinical trial participation, and cure rates. Like other patient groups with cancer or other chronic illnesses, disparities can lead to poor future health and outcomes, which is a well‐recognized concern within the AYA population. Cancer is the leading disease‐related cause of death in this age range. Numerous interested groups including the National Cancer Institute have met to address the research and cancer care needs of AYAs. This review highlights how these gaps in care during and after treatment can affect future health of this population of patients. Access to care, models of survivorship care, and lack of provider education are discussed. Survivorship care and use of guidelines, and promotion of psychosocial support and health behaviors during treatment and beyond are essential to optimizing future health of AYA patients.
Outcome after surgery for solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumors in children: Report from the TREP project—Italian Rare Tumors Study Group
Authors: Crocoli Alessandro , Grimaldi Chiara , Virgone Calogero , De Pasquale Maria Debora , Cecchetto Giovanni , Cesaro Simone , Bisogno Gianni , Cecinati Valerio , Narciso Alessandra , Alberti Daniele , Ferrari Andrea , Dall'Igna Patrizia , Spada Marco , Inserra Alessandro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundSolid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumors (SPPT) are an extremely rare entity in pediatric patients. Even if the role of radical surgical resection as primary treatment is well established, data about follow‐up after pancreatic resection in children are scant.MethodsA retrospective review of data from the Italian Pediatric Rare Tumor Registry (TREP) was performed. Short‐term (<30 days) and long‐term complications of different surgical resections, as well as long‐term follow‐up were evaluated.ResultsFrom January 2000 to present, 43 patients (male:female = 8:35) were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 13.2 years (range, 7–18). Nine children had an incidental diagnosis, whereas 26 complained of abdominal pain and 4 of palpable mass. Tumors arose either from the head of pancreas (n = 14) or from body/tail (n = 29): only one patient presented with metastatic disease. Resection was complete in all patients (cephalic duodenopancreatectomy vs distal resection). At follow‐up (median, 8.4 years; range, 0–17 years), one recurrence occurred in a patient with intraoperative rupture. All patients are alive. Three pancreatic fistulas occurred in the body/tail group, whereas four complications occurred in the head group (one ileal ischemia, two stenosis of the pancreatic duct, and one chylous fistula).ConclusionSurgery is the best therapeutic option for these tumors; hence, complete resection is mandatory. Extensive resections, including cephalic duodenopancreatectomy, are safe when performed in specialized centers. Long‐term follow‐up should be aimed to detect tumor recurrence and to evaluate residual pancreatic function.
Ethnic identity affirmation as a strength for Mexican descent academic outcomes: Psychological functioning and academic attitudes as mediators
Authors: Piña‐Watson Brandy , Martinez Ashley J. , Cruz Lauren N. , Llamas Jasmín D. , López Belem G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEthnic identity (EI) affirmation has been related to positive academic outcomes for Latina/o youth. However, there is a dearth of research examining mediating mechanisms to this relationship. To address this gap, we examine psychological functioning (depressive symptoms and life satisfaction) as a mediator in the relationship between EI affirmation and academic outcomes (i.e., academic motivation, academic skepticism, and ambition). Participants were 524 Mexican descent adolescents in South Texas. Participants completed a number of self‐report questionnaires to measure each of the variables in the hypothesized model. Results demonstrate that feeling good about one’s ethnic group membership (or having higher EI affirmation) is a strength that not only is related to positive psychological functioning but also promotes positive academic outcomes. Educators and mental health practitioners may benefit from engaging in a curriculum that aims to improve EI affirmation to promote positive psychological functioning, and thus better academic outcomes for Mexican descent youth.
Oligomeric phthalonitriles and tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene blends with improved processing and thermal properties
Authors: Butler Tristan , Alden Sasha E. , Taylor Madeleine , Deese Stephen , Rider David A. , Laskoski Matthew 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBlended resins were prepared from the resorcinol‐based PEEK‐like oligomeric phthalonitrile resin (RES) and tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene (TPEB), a high char yield arylacetylene resin. Initial probing of curing properties using differential scanning calorimetry, indicated that TPEB and RES co‐cure when heated. Characterization of thermal properties using thermogravimetric analysis indicated that a 1:1 TPEB‐RES blend (by weight) exhibited a char yield of 80% which was 6% larger compared to pure RES (74%). According to FTIR characterization, the enhanced thermal properties of TPEB‐RES were the result of increased crosslinking density. Rheological studies of TPEB, RES, and TPEB‐RES blends indicated that blended systems exhibit similar processing characteristics as RES resin. For example, resins display ideal viscosities and relatively large processing windows when cured at 175 °C. Alternatively, pure TPEB resin exhibits low viscosities when melted, which are not suitable for preparing composite materials. This study indicates that preparing TPEB‐RES blends is an effect strategy for improving thermal performance of potential RES composites while still maintaining the required processability for fabrication of dense polymer composites. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2630–2640
Mechanical properties of hard–soft block copolymers calculated from coarse‐grained molecular dynamics models
Authors: Zhang Min , Cui Zhiwei , Catherine Brinson Lynda 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTTo relate the mechanical responses of hard–soft copolymer systems with their microstructures, a coarse‐grained molecular dynamics approach is employed, and mechanical properties of both hard and soft domains are calculated. We first investigate the enhancement mechanism of hard domains under tensile and shear loading conditions with pressure. The energy factor that denotes the interaction between hard beads dominates the microphase separation and morphology. Our numerical experiments show that pressure is the most crucial factor in shear‐under‐pressure tests, with larger pressure leading to higher shearing resistance of the copolymers. The viscoelastic behaviors of hard–soft copolymers are computed from the stress autocorrelation function. The stress relaxation indicates that the soft matrix is in a rubbery state at room temperature while hard domains are “glass‐like” and can be viewed as elastic solids in a macroscale model. In addition, local elastic constants of hard domains are computed using the stress–strain fluctuation method with purely local stress and local strain. Those results can be used as inputs for macroscale models for copolymers and can provide guidelines for designing polymeric materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1552–1566
A pilot study and case reports on endometrial microbiota and pregnancy outcome: An analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing among IVF patients, and trial therapeutic intervention for dysbiotic endometrium
Authors: Kyono Koichi , Hashimoto Tomoko , Kikuchi Suguru , Nagai Yoko , Sakuraba Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed to analyze the pregnancy outcomes of IVF patients presenting Lactobacillus‐dominated microbiota (LDM) or non‐Lactobacillus‐dominated microbiota (NLDM) of their endometrium and to report cases who were treated for NLDM concurrently with antibiotics and prebiotic/probiotic supplements in a Japanese infertile population.MethodsNinety‐two IVF patients were recruited from August 2017 to March 2018. Endometrial fluid samples for sequencing were collected using an IUI catheter. The bacterial status of the endometrium and the pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. For cases with NLDM, antibiotics and prebiotics/probiotics were administered according to their individual microbial conditions.ResultsForty‐seven cases (51.1%) presented LDM and 45 cases (48.9%) presented NLDM at initial analysis. Nine Patients with NLDM were treated by antibiotics and prebiotics/probiotics, and successfully became Lactobacillus‐dominant. Pregnancy rates by single vitrified‐warmed blastocyst transfers were higher in the LDM group (58.9% per patient and 36.3% per FBT) than in the NLDM group (47.2% per patient and 34.7% per FBT) but not significantly different.ConclusionThe results of this study could not necessarily prove the clear benefit of establishing Lactobacillus‐dominated endometrium in terms of pregnancy outcome, but there is significance in searching for endometrial microbial status of infertile patients and recovering Lactobacillus‐dominated endometrium might benefit implantation.
Distributed finite‐time containment control for multiple Euler‐Lagrange systems with communication delays
Authors: Chen Liangliang , Li Chuanjiang , Sun Yanchao , Ma Guangfu 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIn this paper, distributed finite‐time containment control for multiple Euler‐Lagrange systems with communication delays and general disturbances is investigated under directed topology by using sliding‐mode control technique. We consider that the information of dynamic leaders can be obtained by only a portion of the followers. Firstly, a nonsingular fast terminal sliding surface is selected to achieve the finite‐time convergence for the error variables. Then, a distributed finite‐time containment control algorithm is proposed where the neural network is utilized to approximate the model uncertainties and external disturbances of the systems. Furthermore, considering that error constraint method can improve the performance of the systems, a distributed finite‐time containment control algorithm is developed by transforming the error variable into another form. It is demonstrated that the containment errors are bounded in finite time by using Lyapunov theory, graph theory, and finite‐time stability theory. Numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Nano Graphene Shell for Silicon Nanoparticles: A Novel Strategy for a High Stability Rechargeable Battery Anode
Authors: Ramachandran Aswathi , Sarojiniamma Sujatha , Varatharajan Prabhu , Appusamy Ilangovan Sinthai , Yesodha Sandhya Karunakaran 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMany strategies have been adapted to improve the stability of silicon (Si) based anodes, one of the widely studied methods is to make Si‐graphene (Si−Gr) materials, all have adapted the sandwiched structure of Si−Gr or Si‐graphene oxide (Si‐GO) where Si nanoparticles (NP) are sandwiched between Gr based materials. Herein, we report a simple strategy to achieve Si−Gr based anode with a different structure than that of the intercalated structure, which is expected to provide better stability to the Si−Gr based anode, i. e. a core‐shell structure. This core‐shell structure based on a Si‐nanographene oxide (Si‐nGO) delivers an initial reversible specific capacity of ∼2000 mAhg−1 and stability of ≥ 250 cycles with 80% capacity retention at an active material (AM) AM mass loading of 1.5 mg cm−2, and at ∼2.0 mg cm−2, ∼160 cycles stability was achieved, which is one of the best reported values, meanwhile, intercalated Si‐graphene oxide (Si‐GO) exhibited only < 50 cycles stability at ∼2.0 mg cm−2 mass loading. Higher current rate performance of Si‐nGO was ∼70% retention of the initial capacity at 5 C, whereas Si‐GO retention was < 25% at 5 C. Thus a change in the structure of Si−Gr based anode has improved the stability remarkably and shows that it is a promising strategy towards achieving electrode material for advanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).