bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sprague Dawley Rag2-Null Rats Created from Engineered Spermatogonial Stem Cells Are Immunodeficient and Permissive to Human Xenografts
Authors: Noto Fallon K. , Adjan-Steffey Valeriya , Tong Min , Ravichandran Kameswaran , Zhang Wei , Arey Angela , McClain Christopher B. , Ostertag Eric , Mazhar Sahar , Sangodkar Jaya , DiFeo Analisa , Crawford Jack , Narla Goutham , Jamling Tseten Y. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The rat is the preferred model for toxicology studies, and it offers distinctive advantages over the mouse as a preclinical research model including larger sample size collection, lower rates of drug clearance, and relative ease of surgical manipulation. An immunodeficient rat would allow for larger tumor size development, prolonged dosing and drug efficacy studies, and preliminary toxicologic testing and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies in the same model animal. Here, we created an immunodeficient rat with a functional deletion of the Recombination Activating Gene 2 (Rag2) gene, using genetically modified spermatogonial stem cells (SSC). We targeted the Rag2 gene in rat SSCs with TALENs and transplanted these Rag2-deficient SSCs into sterile recipients. Offspring were genotyped, and a founder with a 27 bp deletion mutation was identified and bred to homozygosity to produce the Sprague-Dawley Rag2 - Rag2tm1Hera (SDR) knockout rat. We demonstrated that SDR rat lacks mature B and T cells. Furthermore, the SDR rat model was permissive to growth of human glioblastoma cell line subcutaneously resulting in successful growth of tumors. In addition, a human KRAS-mutant non–small cell lung cancer cell line (H358), a patient-derived high-grade serous ovarian cancer cell line (OV81), and a patient-derived recurrent endometrial cancer cell line (OV185) were transplanted subcutaneously to test the ability of the SDR rat to accommodate human xenografts from multiple tissue types. All human cancer cell lines showed efficient tumor uptake and growth kinetics indicating that the SDR rat is a viable host for a range of xenograft studies. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(11); 2481–9. ©2018 AACR.
SOX9/FXYD3/Src Axis Is Critical for ER+ Breast Cancer Stem Cell Function
Authors: Xue Yue , Lai Lihua , Lian Wenwen , Tu Xintao , Zhou Jiaojiao , Dong Ping , Su Dan , Wang Xiaojia , Cao Xuetao , Chen Yiding , Wang Qingqing 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

The presence of cancer stem cells (CSC), which possess the ability of self-renewal and cancer initiation, is correlated with poor prognosis and drug resistance of breast cancer patients. But the molecular regulatory networks for maintenance of CSC function still remain unclear. Here, we identified that an estrogen-inducible gene FXYD3, whose expression is significantly upregulated in ER+ breast CSCs, is a critical player for regulating ER+ breast CSC function. FXYD3 amplification is crucial in mediating tamoxifen resistance in ER+ breast cancer cells. Interestingly, we also find that stem cell–related transcription factor SOX9 directly promotes FXYD3 expression, and FXYD3 is indispensable for SOX9 nucleus localization, thus forming a positive regulatory feedback loop for FXYD3 amplification and function. In terms of mechanism, FXYD3 interacts with Src and ERα to form an activated complex and triggers Src to transduce nongenomic estrogen signaling for facilitating ER+ breast CSCs. Collectively, these results establish a critical role for SOX9/FXYD3/Src axis in boosting nongenomic estrogen signaling and SOX9 nucleus entry, which is required for maintenance of ER+ breast CSCs and endocrine resistance. Targeting FXYD3-mediated pathway might be a promising therapeutic strategy for hormone therapy–refractory ER+ breast cancer.

Implications:
SOX9/FXYD3/Src axis is critical for promoting CSC function and tamoxifen resistance in ER+ breast cancer.
Three-Year Hospitalization and Mortality in Elderly Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Beghé Bianca , Fabbri Leonardo M. , Garofalo Martina , Schito Michela , Verduri Alessia , Bortolotti Monica , Stendardo Mariarita , Ruggieri Valentina , Fucili Alessandro , Sverzellati Nicola , Della Casa Giovanni , Maietti Elisa , Clini Enrico M. , Boschetto Piera 
Published: September 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In elderly smokers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) usually present with dyspnoea. COPD and CHF are associated ­almost invariably with concomitant chronic diseases, which contribute to severity and prognosis. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We investigated similarities and differences in the clinical presentation, concomitant chronic diseases and risk factors for ­mortality and hospitalization at 3-year follow-up in elderly smokers/ex-smokers with a primary diagnosis of COPD or CHF recruited and followed in specialized centers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We examined 144 patients with COPD and 96 with CHF, ≥65 years, ≥20 pack/years, and measured COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, modified Medical Research Council, NYHA, and Charlson Index, routine blood test, estimated glomerular filtration rate, HRCT scan, 6-min walk test. In addition, in each patient we actively searched for CHF, COPD, peripheral vascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. <b><i>Results:</i></b> COPD and CHF patients had mild to moderate disease, but the majority was symptomatic. Comorbidities were highly prevalent and often unrecognized in both groups. COPD and CHF patients had a similar risk of hospitalization and death at 3 years. Lower glomerular filtration rate, shorter 6MWT, and ascending aorta calcification score ≥2 were independent predictors of mortality in COPD, whereas previous 12 months hospitalizations, renal disease, and heart diameter were in CHF patients. Lower glomerular filtration rate value, higher CAT score, and lower FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio were associated with hospitalization in COPD, while age, lower FEV<sub>1</sub>% predicted, and peripheral vascular disease were in CHF. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> There are relevant similarities and differences between patients with COPD and CHF even when admitted to specialized outpatient centers, suggesting that these patients should be manage in multidisciplinary units.
Quatro sambas de Orfeus e um pouco mais
Authors: Malka Marina Bonatto , Leite Carlos Augusto Bonifácio 
Published: September 2018

Este artigo consiste na análise de algumas canções (de Vinicius de Moraes e Tom Jobim) da peça Orfeu da Conceição (1956), de Vinicius de Moraes, e da adaptação da peça ao cinema, Orfeu negro (1959), de Marcel Camus (canções de Vinicius, Tom, Luiz Bonfá e Antônio Maria). Diversos ritmos são encontrados (samba-canção, frevo, pontos de macumba); uma difusão inédita de ritmos brasileiros. Após o filme, as canções se celebrizaram, sendo regravadas pela bossa nova e mimetizadas pelos músicos de jazz americanos nos anos 1960. É inegável a importância dos álbuns, consagrando principalmente Vinicius de Moraes no panorama internacional. Neste artigo bserva-se a diferença entre as canções dos álbuns e as que surgiriam a seguir, como uma das raízes primordiais da música popular brasileira das décadas seguintes.
Sofrer e sorrir – cantar: os sambas de Bide e Marçal
Authors: De Matos Cláudia Neiva 
Published: September 2018

O trabalho discute a articulação ambivalente ent re a legr ia e t r i steza, característica de algumas vertentes da poética do samba e apontada em discursos críticos e jornalísticos sobre o gênero. Bastante comum nos sambas das décadas de 1930 e 1940, a conjunção entre chorar e cantar, sofrer e sambar manifesta-se nas letras, mas também na estrutura integral das obras, incluindo música e performance. Uma letra queixosa pode unir-se a uma melodia animada, incluindo sugestões variadas e mesmo contrastivas que vêm da interpretação vocal e do acompanhamento instrumental. Para pesquisar esses procedimentos e efeitos no corpo das obras, o trabalho elege o repertório composto, entre 1933 e 1947, pelos parceiros Alcebíades Barcelos e Armando Marçal, uma das mais constantes e produtivas duplas de compositores da música popular brasileira.
De Pureza (1937) a Pureza (1940)
Authors: Braga-Pinto César 
Published: September 2018

O artigo contrasta o pouquíssimo estudado romance Pureza, de José Lins do Rego, publicado em 1937, com sua praticamente desconhecida adaptação para o cinema, três anos mais tarde, pela Cinédia, sob direção do português Chianca de Garcia. Busca-se assim iluminar alguns aspectos centrais da política cultural do Estado Novo, em particular o momento de transição entre o regionalismo na literatura e o novo ideal nacionalista da era Vargas.
Livro traz inventário inédito da produção literária brasileira sobre a ditadura
Authors: Faedrich Anna 
Published: September 2018

A literatura como arquivo da ditadura brasileira, da pesquisadora e professora da Universidade Federal Fluminense Eurídice Figueiredo, revisita o tema da ditadura e da repressão vividas nos anos 1968, por um lado, por meio da análise de textos literários que registraram a experiência desse trauma coletivo, funcionando como verdadeiros arquivos, e, por outro lado, revela o testemunho da própria autora sobre o exílio forçado por perseguições. É um livro fundamental no atual cenário literário brasileiro de proliferação de narrativas sobre a ditatura. A combinação entre objetividade e subjetividade, análise crítica da literatura e da realidade, pesquisa acadêmica e relato pessoal, arqueologia literária e memória, dá ao livro um tom peculiar. Dedicada a todos os netos da geração de 1968, incluídos os da autora, a obra inicia com epígrafes significativas, que falam sobre o real ficcionalizado, a escrita de um trauma e a história da ditadura militar no Brasil, dialogando com reflexões já realizadas por Jacques Rancière, Maria Rita Kehl, Elio Gaspari e Bernardo Kucinski. Dividida em quatro capítulos, dá o testemunho sobre os tempos difíceis (sobre)vividos na geração 1968.
Samba
Authors: Azevedo Amailton Magno 
Published: September 2018

Este artigo pretende situar o samba sob o prisma da crítica pós-colonial, que permite uma abordagem sobre a cultura negra como uma contestação à modernidade. Importa destacar que o texto se organizou a partir das seguintes questões problematizadoras: estilo negro, corpo negro e microáfrica. Defendo um rearranjo sobre historiografia que tratou do samba. Que suas origens se encontram na Bahia e Rio de Janeiro já se sabe; o que é necessário é observar que o mapa do samba é dilatado, fluido e multidirecional. A partir desse rearranjo, pretende-se pensar a cidade de São Paulo deslocada do chavão que sempre lhe foi atribuído, como túmulo ou algo parecido, quando se trata de samba.
Sobre baterias e tamborins
Authors: Barsalini Leandro 
Published: September 2018

Ao discorrer sobre determinados aspectos históricos e musicais relativos ao período de configuração do samba enquanto música popular urbana, este artigo levanta dados e reflexões sobre o processo de inserção da bateria – instrumento originado no universo jazzístico – no gênero musical brasileiro, e suas interlocuções junto ao instrumental onsiderado t ípico, formado por tamborins, surdos, cuícas, ganzás, recos e agogôs.
Transformação de padrões centroafricanos no samba urbano do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Menezes Enrique Valarelli 
Published: September 2018

Este artigo pretende identificar, pelo viés da análise musical, transformações de padrões centro-africanos (linhas-guia em particular) no samba urbano do sudeste brasileiro, à luz do processo colonial e de sua projeção no século XX. Entendendo que as vias transat lânticas desenhadas pelo comércio escravista dão início a uma ligação entre territórios separados pelo oceano através de uma convivência forçada, desigual e desestabilizadora de grupos diferentes, formulamos a hipótese de que culturas diversas podem ter assimilado a seu modo as práticas musicais de outras, contribuindo para formar as estruturas complexas daquilo que hoje identificamos como o samba urbano brasi leiro.
The Optical Autocovariance Wind Lidar. Part I: OAWL Instrument Development and Demonstration
Authors: Tucker Sara C. , Weimer Carl S. , Baidar Sunil , Hardesty R. Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present the motivation, instrument concept, hardware descriptions, and initial validation testing for a Doppler wind lidar (DWL) system that uses optical autocovariance (OA) in a field-widened quadrature Mach–Zehnder interferometer lidar to measure Doppler shifts from atmospheric-aerosol-backscattered laser light. We describe system architectures for three different generations of the direct-detection aerosol Optical Autocovariance Wind Lidar (OAWL) system, including the current two-line-of-sight, dual-wavelength (355 and 532 nm) airborne configuration, designed to be an airborne demonstrator for potential space-based global wind measurement applications. We provide meter-per-second-precision results from a ground-based 355-nm OAWL aerosol winds measurement validation study alongside another DWL, results from an autumn 2011 airborne validation testing performed with radar wind profiler data, and wind measurement results from airborne validation flight testing using the 532-nm wavelength in spring 2016.
Evaluating the Combined Effects of Weather and Real-Time Traffic Conditions on Freeway Crash Risks
Authors: Xu Chengcheng , Wang Chen , Liu Pan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The study presented in this paper investigated the combined effects of environmental factors and real-time traffic conditions on freeway crash risks. Traffic and weather data were collected from a 35-km freeway segment in the state of California, United States. The weather conditions were classified into five categories: clear, light rain, moderate/heavy rain, haze, and mist/fog. Logistic regression models using unmatched case-control data were developed to link the likelihood of crash occurrences to various traffic and environmental variables. The sample size requirements for case-control studies and the interaction between traffic and environmental variables were considered. The model estimation results showed that the light rain, moderate/heavy rain, and mist/fog significantly increase freeway crash risks. The interaction between light rain and upstream occupancy was also found to be statistically significant. Bootstrap analyses were conducted to quantify the interaction effect between these two variables. The crash risk model was compared to a reduced model in which environmental information was not included. It was found that the inclusion of environmental information improved both goodness of fit and prediction performance of the crash risk prediction model. The inclusion of environmental information in crash risk models improved the prediction accuracy of crash occurrences by 6.8% and reduced the false alarm rate by 1.3%. It was also found that the inclusion of environmental information had minor impacts on the prediction performance of the crash risk model in clear weather conditions.
Medical Treatment for Epistaxis in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Hsu Yuan‐Pin , Hsu Chin‐Wang , Bai Chyi‐Huey , Cheng Sheng‐Wei , Chen Chiehfeng 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this study (PROSPERO ID: CRD42017081952) was to evaluate medical treatment for epistaxis from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were interrogated from their inceptions to November 2017.Review MethodsRandomized clinical trials comparing medical treatment with placebo for epistaxis of HHT were included. We used a random‐effects model to synthesize overall effects. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic.ResultsEight studies were identified after systematic searching. The use of bevacizumab (BV), tranexamic acid, and estrogen, regardless of the route of administration, had no significant influence on frequency of episodes. Tamoxifen was superior to placebo in both frequency and severity of epistaxis. For duration of epistaxis, nasal spray BV, oral or nasal spray tranexamic acid, and nasal spray estrogen had no significant differences versus placebo, but patients receiving submucosal BV showed lower duration of epistaxis (mean difference: −219.00 min/mo, 95% CI: −271.90 to −166.10). Medical treatment for HHT had no significant changes of mean hemoglobin concentration (pooled mean difference: −0.23 mg/dL, 95% CI: −0.65 to 0.20, I2 = 0%) or quality of life (pooled standardized mean difference: 0.07, 95% CI: −0.16 to 0.30, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsOnly limited evidence provides a benefit on frequency of epistaxis by treatment with tamoxifen and duration of epistaxis by treatment with submucosal BV among patients with HHT. Mean hemoglobin concentration and quality of life were not influenced by medical treatment.
Dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes associated with miniscrew anchorage in customized lingual orthodontics
Authors: Liu Dawei , Li Jing , Lei Feifei , Wang Xuedong , Zhou Yanheng 
Published: September 2018

Objectives The goal of this study was to analyze skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes of patients treated with customized lingual systems and to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of miniscrew anchorage. Methods Nine upper first premolar extraction patients who were treated with customized lingual appliances were included in this study. Miniscrews were used for reinforcement of molar anchorage. Cephalometric films and study models were obtained before treatment (T1), after alignment (T2), and after treatment (T3). Treatment effects were analyzed by cephalometric radiographs and study models. Results The upper anterior teeth were retracted significantly at T2 and T3 (4.41 ± 4.14 mm and 5.51 ± 2.48 mm, respectively). During space closure, the upper first molars showed slight mesial movement (1.50 ± 1.97 mm). The intercanine width of the upper arch increased at T2 (1.59 ± 1.81 mm), but decreased at T3 (0.11 ± 1.00 mm). The sella-nasion-A, A-nasion-B, and mandibular plane angles were not significantly changed at T3. The upper lip showed continuous retraction at both T2 and T3 (1.40 ± 1.46 mm and 2.32 ± 2.48 mm, respectively). Conclusions By using miniscrew anchorage for lingual orthodontics, patients’ dental and soft tissue changes considerably improved and molar anchorage was reinforced.
Appropriateness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use in patients receiving chemotherapy by febrile neutropenia risk level
Authors: Baig Hassam , Somlo Barbara , Eisen Melissa , Stryker Scott , Bensink Mark , Morrow Phuong K 
Published: September 2018

Objective Inappropriate granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use with myelosuppressive chemotherapy has been reported. Using the Oncology Services Comprehensive Electronic Records electronic medical record database, prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (pegfilgrastim/filgrastim) use in cancer patients was assessed by febrile neutropenia risk level. Methods Patients with nonmetastatic or metastatic breast, head/neck, colorectal, ovarian/gynecologic, lung cancer, or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who received myelosuppressive chemotherapy from June 2013 to May 2014 were included. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use with high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low-risk chemotherapy and distribution of National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk factors with intermediate-risk regimens were assessed. Results Overall, 86,189 patients received ∼4.2 million chemotherapy cycles (high risk, 9%; intermediate risk, 48%; low risk, 43%). Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was given in 24% of cycles (high risk, 59%; intermediate risk, 29%; low risk, 11%). For nonmetastatic solid tumors, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was given in 78% (high risk), 31% (intermediate risk), and 6% (low risk) of cycles. For metastatic solid tumors or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was given in 50% (high risk), 27% (intermediate risk), and 11% (low risk) of cycles. Among patients receiving intermediate-risk regimens with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, febrile neutropenia risk factors were identified in 56% (95% confidence interval, 51.1–60.9%) of patients with nonmetastatic solid tumors (n = 400) and in 70% (64.5–73.5%) of patients with metastatic solid tumors or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n = 400). Conclusion Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use was appropriately highest for high-risk regimens and lowest for low-risk regimens yet still potentially underused in high risk regimens, overused in low-risk regimens, and not appropriately targeted in intermediate-risk regimens, indicating a need for further education on febrile neutropenia risk evaluation and appropriate granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use.
Operative versus non-operative management of blunt pancreatic trauma: A systematic review
Authors: Soon David SC , Leang Yit J , Pilgrim Charles HC 
Published: September 2018

Introduction Motor vehicle crashes are common causes of blunt abdominal trauma in the 21st century. While splenic trauma occurs very frequently and thus there is a well-established treatment paradigm, traumatic pancreatic injuries are relatively infrequent, occurring in only 3–5% of traumas. This low incidence means physicians have reduced experience with this condition and there is still ongoing debate with regards to the best practice in managing pancreatic trauma. During severe trauma, the pancreas can be injured as a consequence of blunt and penetrating injury. This has an estimated mortality rate ranging from 9 to 34%. Methods A systematic review was performed using three scientific databases: Embase, Medline and Cochrane and in-line with the PRISMA statement. We included only articles published in English, available as full text and describing only adults. Keywords included: pancrea*, trauma, blunt, operative management and non-operative management. Results Three studies were found that directly compared operative versus non-operative management in blunt pancreatic trauma. Length of stay, mortality and rate of re-intervention were lower in the non-operative group compared to the operative group. However, the average grade of pancreatic injury was lower in the non-operative group compared to the operative group. Discussion Our results revealed that patients who undergo non-operative management tend to have lower grade of injuries and patients with higher grade of injury tend to be managed in an operative fashion. This could be likely due to the fact that higher grade of pancreatic injuries is often accompanied by other injuries such as hollow viscus injury and therefore require operative intervention. Conclusion Non-operative management is a safe approach for low-grade blunt pancreatic trauma without ductal injuries. However, more evidence is required to improve our understanding and treatment plans. We suggest a large international multicentre study combining data from multiple international trauma centres to collect adequate data.
Result of modified Outerbridge-Kashiwagi procedure for elbow flexion contractures in brachial plexus birth injury
Authors: Price Andrew E. , Chim Harvey , Valencia Herbert , Grossman John A. I. 
Published: September 2018

We report the results of ten consecutive patients who had correction of an elbow flexion contracture of greater than 30° in brachial plexus birth injury using a modified Outerbridge-Kashiwagi procedure. All patients had minimum 23-month follow-up. Pre- and post-operative elbow range of motion and DASH scores were recorded in all patients. The operative technique for the procedure and post-operative course is discussed. Surgery was supplemented by botulinum toxin injection into the biceps brachii muscle in most cases. The average age at surgery was 14 years 10 months. The initial plexus lesion was global in eight patients and upper in two. Pre-operative flexion contractures averaged 51° (range 35 to 60) and post-operative averaged 21° (range 15 to 30). Of these patients, one had no change in active flexion, four had loss of active flexion, and five had gain of active flexion. All ten patients were satisfied with their results and stated that they would recommend the procedure to other patients. Level of evidence: IV