bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abortion Trajectory, Timing, and Access Study (ATTAS): study protocol
Authors: Wallays Anna , Van de Velde Sarah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
This study protocol outlines the phased construction of a questionnaire, data collection, and a strategy for analysis within the framework of the ATTAS project. This study has two primary objectives. First, it allows us to map the duration of the various phases of the abortion trajectory for women presenting for abortion in Flanders, Belgium. Second, it identifies barriers that cause delays within these phases.

Methods
The questionnaire was distributed to all women seeking abortion care at one of the five Flemish abortion centers; specifically, the LUNA centers, which are located in Ostend, Ghent, Antwerp, and Hasselt, as is the VUB-Dilemma center in Brussels during the fall and winter of 2023–2024. Ethical clearance for the described research was obtained from the University of Antwerp’s Ethics Committee for the Social Sciences and Humanities (reference numbers: SHW_2023_48_1 and SHW_2023_48_2).

Discussion
The collected data provide a dataset on the abortion trajectories of Flanders women who presented for abortion. This study protocol outlines the ATTAS project’s rationale, phased development, and implementation of the questionnaire, as well as the upcoming data analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first study within the Flemish context to investigate abortion trajectories, timing, and access. Furthermore, this study protocol provides a phased and systematic approach to adapt validated research instruments to fit within diverse legal and cultural contexts. Building on this protocol, future research will seek to advance reproductive justice for all women in Belgium.
Genes to therapy: a comprehensive literature review of whole-exome sequencing in neurology and neurosurgery
Authors: Tan Joecelyn Kirani , Awuah Wireko Andrew , Ahluwalia Arjun , Sanker Vivek , Ben-Jaafar Adam , Tenkorang Pearl Ohenewaa , Aderinto Nicholas , Mehta Aashna , Darko Kwadwo , Shah Muhammad Hamza , Roy Sakshi , Abdul-Rahman Toufik , Atallah Oday 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhole-exome sequencing (WES), a ground-breaking technology, has emerged as a linchpin in neurology and neurosurgery, offering a comprehensive elucidation of the genetic landscape of various neurological disorders. This transformative methodology concentrates on the exonic portions of DNA, which constitute approximately 1% of the human genome, thus facilitating an expedited and efficient sequencing process. WES has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases, neuro-oncology, cerebrovascular disorders, and epilepsy by revealing rare variants and novel mutations and providing intricate insights into their genetic complexities. This has been achieved while maintaining a substantial diagnostic yield, thereby offering novel perspectives on the pathophysiology and personalized management of these conditions. The utilization of WES boasts several advantages over alternative genetic sequencing methodologies, including cost-effectiveness, reduced incidental findings, simplified analysis and interpretation process, and reduced computational demands. However, despite its benefits, there are challenges, such as the interpretation of variants of unknown significance, cost considerations, and limited accessibility in resource-constrained settings. Additionally, ethical, legal, and social concerns are raised, particularly in the context of incidental findings and patient consent. As we look to the future, the integration of WES with other omics-based approaches could help revolutionize the field of personalized medicine through its implications in predictive models and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies, marking a significant stride toward more effective and clinically oriented solutions.
Graphical Abstract
CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 SNPs significantly impact the response of Egyptian candidates to high-intensity statin therapy to atorvastatin
Authors: Maslub Mohammed G. , Daud Nur Aizati Athirah , Radwan Mahasen A. , Sha’aban Abubakar , Ibrahim Arafa G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a variation in the DNA sequence that results from the alteration of a single nucleotide in the genome. Atorvastatin is used to treat hypercholesterolemia. It belongs to a class of drugs called statins, which lower elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Research findings on the associations between the response to atorvastatin and genetic polymorphisms in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 are inconclusive. The effects of CYP3A4*1B (rs2740574 C/T) and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746 T/C) on atorvastatin therapy have not been previously studied among Egyptians.

Objective
This research aimed to investigate the effects of the genetic polymorphisms CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 on atorvastatin treatment in Egyptians.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, 100 subjects were genotyped for these SNPs. All participants were screened for serum lipid profiles, liver enzymes, total bilirubin (TB), and creatine kinase (CK) before and after 40 mg postatorvastatin therapy. Atorvastatin plasma levels were assessed posttreatment; atorvastatin pharmacokinetics were evaluated in five carriers of the CYP3A4*1B (T/T) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) genotypes.

Results
The allele frequencies of the CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 SNPs were 86% and 83%, respectively. The CYP3A4*1B (T/T) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) genotypes significantly improved the serum triglyceride (TG) level (P < 0.05) and elevated the TB level (P < 0.001). Atorvastatin plasma levels were greater in CYP3A4*1B (T/T) (P < 0.05) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) (P < 0.001) genotype carriers. Both SNPs significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin compared with those of Egyptian volunteers and various ethnic populations.

Conclusions
The CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 variants were prevalent in the study participants and could impact the effectiveness and safety of atorvastatin therapy. The mutant genotype of the CYP3A4*1B SNP and the CYP3A5*3 SNP led to high atorvastatin levels. Both variants had a notable effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin among Egyptians compared with healthy Egyptians and volunteers from other ethnic populations. Overall, clinicians can learn more about the impact of both variants in response to atorvastatin.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative evaluation of the modulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 on endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced effects in 2D and 3D cultures of the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line IPEC-J2
Authors: Wen Gaiping , Eder Klaus , Ringseis Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture of the porcine intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line IPEC-J2 in animal nutrition research has the disadvantage that IEC function is studied under unphysiological conditions, which limits the ability of transferring knowledge to the in vivo-situation. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish a more convincing and meaningful three-dimensional (3D) culture of IPEC-J2 cells, which allows to study cell function in a more tissue-like environment, and to compare the effect of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer tunicamycin (TM) on ER stress indicators and the expression of tight junction proteins (TJP), inflammatory and apoptosis-related genes and the modulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25D3) on these parameters in 2D and 3D cultures of IPEC-J2 cells.

Results
A published protocol for 3D culture of Caco-2 cells was successfully adopted to IPEC-J2 cells as evident from fully differentiated 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids showing the characteristic spherical architecture with a single layer of IPEC-J2 cells surrounding a central lumen. Treatment of 2D IPEC-J2 cells and 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids with TM for 24 h markedly increased mRNA and/or protein levels of the ER stress target genes, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 (HSPA5) and DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), whereas co-treatment with TM and 1,25D3 did not mitigate TM-induced ER stress in IPEC-J2 cells in the 2D and the 3D cell culture. In contrast, TM-induced expression of pro-inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL6), IL8] and pro-apoptotic genes [BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX), caspase 3 (CASP3), CASP8] and genes encoding TJP [TJP1, claudin 1 (CLDN1), CLDN3, occludin (OCLN), cadherin 1 (CDH1), junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM1)] was reduced by co-treatment with TM and 1,25D3 in 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids but not in the 2D cell culture.

Conclusions
The effect of 1,25D3 in the IPEC-J2 cell culture is dependent on the culture model applied. While 1,25D3 does not inhibit TM-induced expression of genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis and TJP in conventional 2D cultures of IPEC-J2 cells, TM-induced expression of these genes is abrogated by 1,25D3 in the more meaningful 3D IPEC-J2 cell culture model.
Open donor nephrectomy via singular pararectal extraperitoneal mini-incision: single-center experience with 425 consecutive cases
Authors: Tessmer Philipp , Beetz Oliver , Meyer Anna , Weigle Clara A. , Stoerzer Simon , Einecke Gunilla , Gwinner Wilfried , Vondran Florian W. R. , Oldhafer Felix , Schmelzle Moritz , Richter Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic techniques have been successfully implemented for living kidney donation. However, open surgical procedures also yield excellent perioperative outcomes. Endoscopic donor nephrectomy is associated with minimal trauma but is difficult for right-sided nephrectomies. Here, an open nephrectomy approach using a singular pararectal extraperitoneal mini-incision (SPEM) and the perioperative results are presented to elucidate whether open surgery is still justified in the modern era of endoscopic surgery.

Methods
In this single-center retrospective study, all living kidney donations performed at the Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery of the Hannover Medical School from January 2007 to December 2017 were assessed. Donor characteristics, operation time, transfusion requirements, perioperative complications, and graft outcomes were analyzed.

Results
Out of a total of 1681 kidney transplantations, 425 living kidney donations (25.2%) were performed. Donors were primarily female (273; 64.2%) and had a median age and body-mass index of 53 (24–76) years and 25.3 (16.8–36.4) kg/m2, respectively. The left kidney was harvested in 50.1% (211) of cases. Median operative time was 95 (48–212) min. Intraoperative transfusion was not required in any of the donors. Intraoperative complications were observed in 2.6% of cases (11), with injury of the donor kidney (5; 1.2%) and acute hemorrhage (3; 0.7%) being the most common complications. Postoperative complications were hematomas (32; 7.7%), seromas (28; 6.7%), and wound infections (7; 1.7%). Except for a single surgical revision owing to colon perforation (1; 0.002%), no other major complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥ IIIa) were observed in any of the donors. The donor’s and recipient’s median estimated glomerular filtration rate at discharge was 55 (29–114) and 51 (14–129) ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Initial nonfunction occurred in seven cases (1.6%).

Conclusions
Unlike the endoscopic technique, SPEM is equally suitable for right- and left-sided nephrectomy. SPEM nephrectomy is safe and results in minimal trauma. Despite performing SPEM nephrectomy in the era of endoscopic surgery, this technique provides excellent results with regard to donor and graft outcomes.
Impact of Hyaneb in the management of severe acute bronchiolitis in pediatric patients: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ortega David , Lopez-Picado Amanda , Luján Esther Aleo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To determine the impact of Hyaneb (7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% hyaluronic acid) on severe acute bronchiolitis management in pediatric patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible benefits and safety of Hyaneb in managing severe acute bronchiolitis.

Methods
This retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare center. The investigation included patients aged < 2 years who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital. Patients were excluded if they had a radiological diagnosis of pneumothorax on admission, infection by other microorganisms, bronchiolitis for > 5 days, need for respiratory or hemodynamic support with extracorporeal techniques, or known allergies or intolerance to any Hyaneb compounds. We evaluated the potential benefit and safety of using Hyaneb in severe acute bronchiolitis between 2019 and 2020 by comparing two groups of patients: one that received Hyaneb and the other that did not.

Results
A total of 49 children were included in the study, and 51.7% received Hyaneb. The median age was 1 month (interquartile range [IQR] 1.5–2.0), and the median weight was 4.7 ± 1.3 kg. Patient history included premature birth in 10% of the sample population. The results were not significant for the length of stay in the PICU and the respiratory support score (p = 0.114 and p = 0.06, respectively). However, there was a significant difference (p = 0.047) in the use of adrenaline rescue between the groups. These data were no longer significant when adjusted for age, Wood Downes scale, and weight (p = 0.056).

Conclusions
Using nebulized Hyaneb seems safe in patients less than a month old and weighing less than 5 kg. A reduction in PICU stay or respiratory support length could not be confirmed.
Perioperative Evaluation and Monitoring of Percutaneous Balloon Compression in Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Wang Qiao , Ni Yuncheng , Li Kuankuan , Chen Cheng , Huang Dong , Zhou Haocheng 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Multiple factors may influence the clinical outcomes of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC), including intraluminal balloon pressure, volume, and Meckel's cave volume. In this article, we aimed to investigate the clinical value of the perioperative assessment and monitoring of balloon compression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

METHODS:
Thirty-seven patients who underwent PBC were prospectively enrolled. The patient underwent preoperative high-resolution 3.0-T MRI for the 3-dimensional reconstruction of Meckel's cave, while intraoperative recordings of intraluminal pressure and balloon volume were conducted simultaneously. Primary outcomes included postoperative numbness and pain recurrence up to 24 months after discharge.

RESULTS:
Sensory deficiency was primarily reported within the first month, and approximately 38% of the patients presented with symptomatic numbness in the facial region. Subgroup analysis indicated no statistically significant difference in intraluminal balloon pressure between patients with facial numbness and asymptomatic individuals. This impairment in trigeminal sensation eventually recovered at the 24-month follow-up. By contrast, the long-term recurrence rate of TN was approximately 25% (5/20 patients) 2 years postoperatively. Furthermore, we found that the intraluminal balloon pressure was significantly lower among patients with recurrent pain (102.8 ± 11.0 vs 135.7 ± 5.1 kPa, P < .05). Although no significant differences in balloon or Meckel's cave volume were observed between subgroups, we found a positive and significant correlation between the volume of Meckel's cave and balloon.

CONCLUSION:
Facial numbness remains a common but short-term symptom of PBC for TN. This study indicates that a higher intraluminal balloon pressure may be associated with a lower risk of recurrent trigeminal pain. Preoperative reconstruction of Meckel cave may help to predict the volume of intraoperative balloon compression. We consider it feasible and necessary to conduct a perioperative assessment of balloon compression in the treatment of TN.
Immediate dental implants: when and how?
Authors: Turani Duaa , Hemmings Kenneth , Searson Lloyd 
Published: November 2024

There are a number of protocols that the clinician has to consider when providing implant treatment. Immediate implant placement has its place in implant dentistry and should be considered following a strict case selection. This article discusses the factors that should be taken into account when planning and providing immediate implant placements, with an emphasis on achieving a good outcome. The evidence base is discussed with a description of the surgical stages involved and subsequent restoration. Cases to illustrate this technique and its limitations are presented. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Principles for single tooth implant replacement in the anterior maxilla, where aesthetic expectations are high are relevant to clinicians.
Mechanical Properties of PVA/Alginate Membranes Fabricated using Electrospinning as A Wound Dressing
Authors: Puspita Sari Putri Endah , Umiati Ngurah Ayu Ketut , Subagio A 
Published: November 2024

Alginate is an interesting natural biopolymer due to its many benefits and good biological properties. Observing the mechanical properties of PVA/Alginate fibers made by electrospinning machines can help predict their behavior and measure their performance under various conditions including applied external forces. Therefore, this study investigated the elastic properties of PVA/Alginate membranes, specifically tensile strength and elongation. The fabrication material used is PVA / Alginate solution with a PVA solution concentration of 20% and alginate solution 2.5%. The electrospinning process is carried out by optimizing at a voltage of 25 kV, the distance between the spinneret end and the collector is 15 cm, the flow rate is 130, and the spinneret diameter variations are 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm. To determine the morphology of the fiber surface, observations were made using ocular microscopes and SEM. From this observation, it is known that the morphology formed using a 0.4 mm spinneret has the tightest structure among the three sizes of spinneret diameter. To determine the effect of spinneret diameter on the value of tensile strength and elongation, tensile strength tests are carried out. The tensile strength and elongation values of the membrane obtained with variations in spinneret diameters of 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm are 1.96 MPa, 3.77 MPa and 6.11 MPa respectively and the elongation values are 17%, 52.7%, and 97%. With medical material standards, it has a tensile strength value between 1 MPa – 24 MPa and an elongation value between 17% – 207%, so that PVA / Alginate fiber membranes have the potential to be applied as wound dressings.
Genotipsko-fenotipska korelacija rijetke mikrodelecije 17q24.1-q24.3
Authors: Bobinec Adriana , Ivankov Ana-Maria , Kero Mijana , Sansović Ivona , Barišić Ingeborg 
Published: November 2024

Iako kromosom 17 pokazuje vrlo veliku genetičku nestabilnost, intersticijske delecije unutar regije 17q24 vrlo su rijetke. Bolesnici sovom promjenom pokazuju heterogen fenotip: mikrocefaliju, tipične dismorfi čne crte, srčane grješke, intelektualno zaostajanje, Andersen-Tawilov sindrom i Carneyev kompleks. Prikazujemo 10-mjesečnu bolesnicu s mikrocefalijom, specifi čnom dismorfi jom tezaostajanjem u tjelesnom i psihomotornom razvoju, kod koje je utvrđena rijetka mikrodelecija regije 17q24.1-q24.3 veličine 5.4 Mb.Ova delecija zahvaća ukupno 30 gena koji kodiraju proteine. Smatramo da su za fenotip bolesnice vjerojatno odgovorni geniPRKCA, PSMD12, KPNA2, PRKAR1A i KCNJ2. Promjene u genu PRKCA pronađene su u osoba s poremećenom kognitivnom funk cijom,dok se haploinsufi cijencija PSMD12 povezuje s neurorazvojnim poremećajima i dismorfi jom. Delecije gena KPNA2, uklju čenog u signalni put sindroma lomljivosti Nijmegen, uzrokuju mikrocefaliju, nizak rast i sindaktiliju. Gen PRKAR1A se povezuje s nastankomCarneyevog kompleksa, a haploinsufi cijencija gena KCNJ2 uzrokuje mišićnu slabost i aritmije. Neki od ovih simptoma nisu zapaženikod bolesnice, ali bi se, kao i niz drugih komorbiditeta, s vremenom mogli razviti, zbog čega je nužno njeno kontinuirano praćenje.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for severe postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture
Authors: Wei Zhihui , Jiang Lian , Zhang Minghua , Chen Xiao 
Published: November 2024

Objective
This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with severe postoperative complications following hip fracture surgery in elderly patients and to develop a nomogram-based risk prediction model for these complications.

Methods
A total of 627 elderly patients with hip fractures treated at Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2015 to April 2024 were collected. 439 patients were assigned to the training cohort for model development, and 188 to the validation cohort for model assessment. The training cohort was stratified based on the presence or absence of severe complications. We employed LASSO regression, as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, to identify significant factors. A nomogram was constructed based on the outcomes of the multivariate regression. The model’s discriminative ability was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), while calibration plots and decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated its calibration and stability. Internal validation was performed using the validation cohort.

Results
Out of the 627 patients, 118 (18.82%) experienced severe postoperative complications. Both LASSO regression and multivariate logistic analysis identified the modified 5-item frailty index (mFI-5) and the preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) as significant predictors of severe complications. The nomogram model, derived from the multivariate analysis, exhibited strong discriminative ability, with an AUC of 0.963 (95% CI: 0.946–0.980) for the training cohort and 0.963 (95% CI: 0.938–0.988) for the validation cohort. Calibration plots demonstrated excellent agreement between the nomogram’s predictions and actual outcomes. Decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the model provided clinical utility across all patient scenarios. These findings were consistent in the validation cohort.

Conclusions
Both the mFI-5 and CAR are predictive factors for severe postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.