bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4146183: Rheumatoid arthritis is Associated with Sub-Clinical Abnormalities in Myocardial Energetics, Left Ventricular Remodelling, and Increased Fibrosis
Authors: Soo Chin Yit , Jex Nicholas , Duquenne Laurence , Thornton Lucy Elizabeth , Anderton Thomas , Tomoaia Raluca , Lwin May , Kamani Christel , Chowdhary Amrit , Thirunavukarasu Sharmaine , Procter Henry , Kotha Sindhoora , Giannoudi Marilena , Levelt Eylem , Bissell Lesley-Anne , Emery Paul , Saleem Benazir , Wakefield Richard , Mankia Kulveer , Plein Sven 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) display around 20% increased risk of heart failure, even after adjusting for traditional atherosclerotic risk factors. The reasons behind this are not fully understood. Analogous states of chronic inflammation such as type two diabetes have been shown to be associated with deleterious effects on myocardial metabolism and energetic depletion which predispose to systolic dysfunction. The impact of RA on myocardial energetics and cardiac phenotype in individuals at risk of RA has yet to be established.

Aims:
Using
31
Phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (
31
P MRS) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), we aimed to establish if myocardial energetics, measured as phosphocreatine (PCr) /ATP ratio and quantitative myocardial perfusion were reduced in individuals at risk with isolated anti-CCP positivity (CCP+ve) and those with refractory RA (RRA) compared to healthy volunteers (HV).

Methods:
A total of 30 age and sex matched participants were recruited (11 CCP+ve, 9 RRA and 10 HV). All subjects underwent
31
P MRS and comprehensive CMR protocol including volumetric analysis, quantitative myocardial perfusion and T1 mapping.

Results:
Table-1 shows clinical and CMR /
31
P MRS data.

Groups were matched for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure.
Left ventricular volumes, bi-ventricular systolic function, maximal LV wall thickness and left atrial function were similar between groups. Native T1 values and LV mass were increased in both CCP+ve and RRA versus controls.
PCr/ATP was significantly reduced in both CCP+ve and RRA groups compared to healthy controls.
No significant difference was observed in either stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) or myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR).

Conclusions:
This is the first-time energetic impairment has been reported in both patients with anti-CCP positivity and refractory RA. Our findings also demonstrate increased LV mass and diffuse fibrosis in these groups compared to age, sex and BMI matched controls. These findings may provide a mechanistic insight to the increased incidence of heart failure in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
Abstract 4146828: Downregulation of ADAR1 Attenuates Hypothermic Cardioprotection in Aged Donor Hearts During Transplantation
Authors: Cai Dunpeng , Chen Shiyou 
Published: November 2024

Heart transplantation remains a vital treatment for end-stage heart failure, yet the scarcity of suitable donor hearts makes the treatment unavailable to many patients in critical need. Aged donor hearts, despite their availability, exhibit increased primary graft dysfunction and decreased survival rates post-transplantation. Addressing this critical barrier could potentially improve post-transplant outcomes and make older donor hearts a viable option. In this study, using a mouse heterotopic heart transplant model, we first confirmed that hypothermic cardioprotection was significantly impaired in aged donor hearts but preserved in young donor hearts. RNA-Seq analyses revealed down-regulation of RNA editing activity along with exacerbated Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and increased unfolded protein response (UPR) activity in aged donor hearts post-transplantation. Supplementing cardioplegic solution with rapamycin, an inhibitor of both ER stress and UPR, relieved graft heart dysfunction in aged mice, indicating that ER stress and UPR are responsible for this dysfunction.
Furthermore, we found that Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA-1 (ADAR1) was downregulated in aged donor hearts post-transplantation in both our mouse model and in human patients. Importantly, ADAR1 deficiency in young donor hearts abolished hypothermic cardioprotection, leading to increased UPR activity, ER stress, and cellular senescence. Conversely, overexpression of ADAR1 in aged donor hearts by a novel PEG-based nanoparticle delivery in cardioplegic solution enhanced hypothermic cardioprotection by decreasing UPR activity, ER stress, and cellular senescence.
Mechanistically, ADAR1 controls the expression of p16. In aged donor hearts, ADAR1 downregulation caused an increased expression of p16, which competed for its binding with CDK4/6, leading to a decreased phosphorylation of Rb and subsequent cellular senescence.
These findings suggest that ADAR1-associated RNA editing activities play a crucial role in the hypothermic cardioprotection of donor hearts. Supplementing cardioplegic solutions with nanoparticles that enhance ADAR1 activity or modulate ER stress responses may provide a promising therapeutic strategy to improve the viability and/or function of aged donor hearts in transplantation.
Abstract 4146967: The Effects of Physical Activity Levels on Body Composition, Exercise Performance, Single Ventricle Function and Self-Perceived Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with a Fontan Circulation.
Authors: Ng Li Yen , McMahon Colin , James Adam 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Physically active lifestyles are important for patients with congenital heart disease, including Fontan. This study aims to establish the effect of an active lifestyle in paediatric Fontan patients, determine its relationship with body composition, exercise capacity, ventricle function and quality of life.

Methods:
30 Fontan patients were recruited. Mean age of 14.8±2 years.

Cardiopulmonary exercise tests, bio-impedance analyser, echocardiography and PedsQL questionnaires, generic (V4.0) and cardiac modules (V3.0) were performed. Physical activity level includes structured sports participation, daily stepcounts, and active-zone-minute, AZM (minute spend doing activity ≥ moderate intensity) measured by accelerometer (Fitbit Inspire3).
Patients were considered active if they met 2 of the 3 criteria:
1/ Structured sports training ≥ 2 per week (moderate-vigorous intensity >30 minutes)
2/ Daily steps ≥ 10k
3/ AZM ≥ 60 minutes per day

Results:
60% of patients were considered active, predominantly male, mean age of 14.1 years old. Overall BMI was normal, however 17% (5 of 30) were overweight or obese (Table 1).

The less active Fontan had higher fat% (24.8±8.7 vs 16.6±5.2%; p=0.003), lower percentage appendicular skeletal muscle mass, SMMa%(29.8±3.6 vs 33.7±3.1%; p=0.004), and muscle to fat ratio, MFR (1.4±0.8 vs 2.3±0.9; p=0.015).

The less active group had lower peak oxygen consumption, VO
2peak
(23.5±7.2mL/kg/min vs 35.1±3.96mL/kg/min; p < 0.001), lower peak oxygen pulse (7.9±1.2 vs 10.01±2.9) ml/beat; (p=0.024). No statistical significant differences observed in the ventricle function.

Higher self-report PedQL V4.0 scores noted in the active group, indicated better HRQOL (child’s QOL 88.26±8.6 vs 72.89±17.2%; p=0.003 and parent’s QOL 87.22±10.8 vs 71.6±23.4%; p=0.020).
Higher physical activity level is associated with lower body fat% (r=– 0.521, p=0.003), greater SMMA% (r=0.513, p=0.004), higher peak and submaximal VO2, [VO2/kg peak (r=0.787, p < 0.001) VO2 at ventilatory threshold 1, VT1 (r=0.451, p=0.012)], peak O2pulse (r=0.411, p=0.024), and importantly, higher HRQOL reported [child’s QOL V4.0 (r=0.524,p=0.003), parent’s QOL V4.0 (r=0.423, p=0.020)].

Conclusions:
Higher physical activity levels in paediatric Fontan patients are associated with normal skeletal muscle mass, higher exercise capacity and better HRQOL. Conversely, lower physical activity levels are associated with skeletal muscle mass deficit, increased adiposity and reduced exercise capacity.
Irisin Improves Preeclampsia by Promoting Embryo Implantation and Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Zhu Dawei , Huang Jie , Wu Yujie , Fan Lin , Liu Yijun , Zhang Qianwen , Li Li , Han Jian , Liu Xinghui 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder with unclear pathogenesis. Irisin, a recently identified exercise-induced factor, significantly influences lipid metabolism and cardiovascular function. Nonetheless, its role in trophoblast development during human placentation and the related intracellular signaling pathways remain poorly understood.

METHODS:
We assessed peripheral blood irisin expression in early pregnancy among patients with preeclampsia and its correlation with key clinical indicators. In trophoblast cell lines and mice, we used exogenous irisin and viral knockdown to investigate functional changes. Phosphorylation-specific antibody arrays and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to explore downstream molecular mechanisms, which were subsequently validated in trophoblast cell lines and relevant gene knockout mice.

RESULTS:
In early pregnancy, patients with preeclampsia exhibit decreased peripheral blood irisin levels, occurring earlier than traditional predictive markers, such as PLGF (placental growth factor) and sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1). Furthermore, irisin concentration is positively correlated with proteinuria and abnormal blood pressure during pregnancy. Exogenous irisin significantly enhanced trophoblast cell migration, invasion, and proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis. It also increased STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 4 phosphorylation and its binding to the GLUT (glucose transporter)-3 promoter, resulting in elevated GLUT-3 expression and glucose uptake in trophoblast cells. In vivo, increased peripheral irisin promoted embryo implantation, vascular remodeling, and enhanced glucose uptake, whereas reduced irisin resulted in a preeclampsia-like phenotype characterized by elevated blood pressure, proteinuria, renal-placental dysfunction, adipose accumulation, and restricted fetal growth.

CONCLUSIONS:
Peripheral irisin improves preeclampsia by promoting embryo implantation and vascular remodeling through the activation of the STAT4/GLUT-3 pathway. Reduced peripheral irisin may contribute to preeclampsia-like pathologies. This study supports the advocacy for appropriate exercise during early pregnancy and provides new insights for preeclampsia prevention.
Head and shoulders—The impact of an extended head model on the simulation and optimization of transcranial electric stimulation
Authors: Van Hoornweder Sybren , Cappozzo Vittoria , De Herde Laura , Puonti Oula , Siebner Hartwig R. , Meesen Raf L.J. , Thielscher Axel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electric field calculations are increasingly used for dose characterization of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), but existing open-source head models are inaccurate for extracephalic montages that include electrodes placed on the neck or shoulder. We introduce the “Ernie Extended” model, an MRI- and CT-derived open-source head model extending to the upper shoulder region. Simulations of extracephalic tES targeting the cerebellum and supplementary motor area show significant differences in electric fields when using Ernie Extended compared to the non-extended Ernie model. Additionally, we propose an electrode layout that complements the electroencephalography 10–20 system with extracephalic electrode positions. We demonstrate the use of this layout for optimizing multi-electrode tES montages for cerebellar stimulation, enhancing focality, and reducing off-target stimulation, particularly of the spinal cord. Our results highlight the practical value of the Ernie Extended model for accurately characterizing doses produced by extracephalic tES montages and when targeting more caudal brain regions.
A telescopic independent component analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset
Authors: Mirzaeian Shiva , Faghiri Ashkan , Calhoun Vince D. , Iraji Armin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Brain function can be modeled as dynamic interactions between functional sources at different spatial scales, and each spatial scale can contain its functional sources with unique information, thus using a single scale may provide an incomplete view of brain function. This paper introduces a novel approach, termed “telescopic independent component analysis (TICA),” designed to construct spatial functional hierarchies and estimate functional sources across multiple spatial scales using fMRI data. The method employs a recursive independent component analysis (ICA) strategy, leveraging information from a larger network to guide the extraction of information about smaller networks. We apply our model to the default mode network (DMN), visual network (VN), and right frontoparietal network (RFPN). We investigate further on the DMN by evaluating the difference between healthy people and individuals with schizophrenia. We show that the TICA approach can detect the spatial hierarchy of the DMN, VN, and RFPN. In addition, the TICA revealed DMN-associated group differences between cohorts that may not be captured if we focus on a single-scale ICA. In sum, our proposed approach represents a promising new tool for studying functional sources.
Diaspora as a Catalyst in India-United Arab Emirates (UAE) Cooperation
Authors: Pattnaik Jajati K. , Ghoble Vrushal T. , Panda Chandan K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Indian diaspora plays a crucial role in developing strong bilateral synergies between India and the UAE. The collaboration includes remittances, trade, connectivity, tourism, education, health, culture and cuisine, among other things. The quantum of investment and trade cooperation between both countries explains the depth of their relationship. This penetration is linked to the Indian diaspora, which shapes the constituents of meaningful cooperation. The Indian migrant inflow into the UAE started to increase in the 1970s, drawn by the oil economy, coupled with global events such as globalisation and economic liberalisation. The UAE’s political dispensation, albeit conservative, has allowed the diasporic communities the space to pursue their aspirations in myriad fields. The Indian diaspora capitalises on this scope for shared success. Therefore, this paper examines the constituents of bilateralism, the India–UAE partnership and their mutual dependencies, and the role of the Indian diaspora as a significant factor in the bilateral exercise.
Uncovering Class in Central Asian Diaspora in Russia
Authors: Vorobeva Ekaterina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The diaspora has long been regarded as an empowering, egalitarian community, with its internal inequalities largely overlooked. In particular, little is known about how socioeconomic status affects intradiasporic relations. The current study challenges the romanticised perception of the diaspora by shedding light on its internal class disparities. Focusing on the Central Asian diaspora in Russia, the research demonstrates that diaspora elites may be involved in capitalising on the precarity of vulnerable diasporans. More specifically, Central Asian migrant entrepreneurs have been found to weaponise diaspora solidarity to exploit and subjugate migrant workers.
Indian Diaspora and the Popularity of Indian Cuisine in Thailand in the Digital Era
Authors: Srichampa Sophana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study delves into Indian cuisine in Thailand, using data from online sources that focus on content related to Indian cuisine, restaurants and grocery stores. The study applies content analysis to explore identity and the linguistic landscapes in Indian culinary practices. Indian cuisine is gaining popularity among Thais, becoming a part of their cultural heritage and showcased on digital platforms. Restaurants and grocery stores feature Indian dishes, ingredients and packaged foods, and their online platforms facilitate easy access to this cuisine. In the linguistic landscape of Indian restaurant names, bilingual names are the most prevalent, followed by monolingual names, with trilingual and quadrilingual names being less common. The potential of Indian cuisine in Thailand is evident through its introduction in convenience stores and the importation of Indian ingredients, enhancing India’s soft power and influencing economic and social dynamics in the region.
‘We Still Exist’
Authors: Khorattana Prapatsara , Sherer Penchan Pradubmook 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This ethnographic study explores the life histories of 12 key informants of Siamese descent who were living in Myanmar but illegally fled into Thailand following civil unrest and thus became a diaspora in their motherland. The study was conducted from 2018 to 2022 in the Singkhon diaspora community of Ban Rai Krao village near the Thai-Myanmar border, in Prachuap Kiri Khan province, Thailand. It used the Critical Medical Anthropology (CMA) perspective, the concept of social suffering, and borderland anthropology to illustrate the traumatic experiences of the Singkhon and their participation in social movements for citizenship rights, land ownership and, particularly, public healthcare access. Although they have cooperated with Thai Nationality Reintegration Networks for decades, they have run into difficulties as a result of power relations within capitalism and bureaucratic delays. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic made it more difficult for those without ID cards to access government assistance and healthcare.
Temperature Increases Threaten the Congo Basin Rainforest in the Twenty-First Century More than Precipitation Changes
Authors: Cook Kerry H. , Vizy Edward K. , Andrews Patrick C. , Zhao Siyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Western and central equatorial Africa—the Congo basin region—is one of the most convectively active regions on the planet. It supports a large, diverse tropical forest and sequesters carbon. Despite its importance, the region is understudied and poorly observed. Seasonality in the Congo basin region is defined by variations in precipitation, not temperature. The equinoctial seasons produce the highest rainfall rates. Summers are also wet, while winters are dry. A number of studies have analyzed precipitation trends in observations, but a clear signal has not emerged. GCMs do not represent the regional climate with high accuracy, and their projections disagree. Analyses of the forest health, however, document a decline. Here, convective-permitting model simulations with a 3-km resolution are used to predict greenhouse gas–forced changes in the climate of the Congo basin. Implications of the simulated changes for the health of the Congolese rainforest are evaluated. Simulated surface temperatures in the Congo basin region increase by 4.0–5.4 K by the end of the century, depending on region and season. Increases in atmospheric water vapor and changes in clouds provide important feedbacks to the radiative forcing. No statistically significant changes in regional-scale precipitation occur, but convective storms intensify locally. Since estimates based on optimal temperatures for photosynthesis suggest 4-K warming causes a decline in tropical forests, these results suggest that temperature increases pose a greater threat to the health of the Congolese rainforest than precipitation changes in the twenty-first century.
Expression of adhesion molecules and collagen on rat chondrocyte seeded into alginate and hyaluronate based 3D biosystems. Influence of mechanical stresses
Authors: Gigant‐Huselstein C. , Hubert P. , Dumas D. , Dellacherie E. , Netter P. , Payan E. , Stoltz J.F. 
Published: November 2024

Chondrocytes use mechanical signals, via interactions with their environment, to synthesize an extracellular matrix capable to withstanding high loads. Most chondrocyte–matrix interactions are mediated via transmembrane receptors such as integrins or non‐integrins receptors (i.e. annexin V and CD44). The aim of this study was to analyze, by flow cytometry, the adhesion molecules (α5/β1 integrins and CD44) on rat chondrocytes seeded into 3D biosystem made of alginate and hyaluronate. These biosystems were submitted to mechanical stress by knocking the biosystems between them for 48 hours. The expression of type I and type II collagen was also evaluated. The results of the current study showed that mechanical stress induced an increase of type II collagen production and weak variations of α5/β1 receptors expression no matter what biosystems. Moreover, our results indicated that hyaluronan receptor CD44 expression depends on extracellular matrix modifications. Thus, these receptors were activated by signals resulted from cell environment variations (HA addition and modifications owing to mechanical stress). It suggested that this kind of receptor play a crucial role in extracellular matrix homeostasis. Finally, on day 24, no dedifferentiation of chondrocytes was noted either in biosystems or under mechanical stress. For all biosystems, the neosynthesized matrix contained an important level of collagen, which was type II, whatever biosystems. In conclusion, it appeared that the cells, under mechanical stress, maintained their phenotype. In addition, it seems that, on rat chondrocytes, α5/β1 integrins did not act as the main mechanoreceptor (as described for human chondrocytes). In return, hyaluronan receptor CD44 seems to be in relation with matrix composition.
Blood rheology and systemic oxidative status in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Kilic-Toprak Emine , Yaylali Guzin Fidan , Ozdemir Yasin , Topsakal Senay , Kilic-Erkek Ozgen , Oymak Burak , Bor-Kucukatay Melek 
Published: November 2024

Background Cardiovascular system is known to be affected in acromegaly. However, it was not reported to date if hemorheology was also altered and there is limited data regarding systemic oxidative status in patients with acromegaly. Objective To investigate alterations in hemorheology and systemic oxidative stress in patients with acromegaly. Methods The study comprised 19 active (AA) and 15 controlled (CA) acromegaly patients (n = 34, mean age 48.85 ± 1.69 years) and 29 controls (mean age 52.83 ± 1.37 years). Erythrocyte aggregation index (AI), aggregation half time (t½), amplitude (Amp) and erythrocyte elongation index (EI) were determined by an ektacytometer. Commercial kits were used for measuring serum total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results There were statistically significant differences regarding EI at shear stresses of 16.87 ve 30.00 Pa (p = 0.034, p = 0.0001, respectively) and AI (p = 0.050, p = 0.035, respectively) values among the control, AA and CA groups. Decrement of t½ was in line with increment of AI and indicated increased erythrocyte aggregation. Serum TOS, TAS and OSI values were similar between the control, AA and CA groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions This pilot study demonstrated reduced erythrocyte deformability and increased erythrocyte aggregation in patients with AA and CA.