bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic Ophthalmia in a 22-Month-Old Infant With Sturge–Weber Syndrome With Atypical Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Cernichiaro-Espinosa Linda A. , Gold Aaron S. , Berrocal Audina M. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chang Ta Chen , Orcutt-Hayes Abby , Murray Timothy G. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) and sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) are unusual pathologies. Their association has not been previously reported. This unusual diagnosis can be elucidated by clinical suspicion. Methods: Case report of a 22-month-old female with SO. Results: SWS with a unilateral diffuse choroidal hemangioma. The exciting eye had multiple surgeries for glaucoma that required enucleation. Clinical picture of SO was found on the sympathizing eye. Atypical histopathology (nongranulomatous choroidal infiltrate and perivascular mononuclear cells) is found in the enucleated eye. Conclusions: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of an association of SWS, diffuse choroidal hemangioma, infantile glaucoma, and SO. Many confounding factors are present (ie, multiple surgeries, risk of infectious endophthalmitis). Therefore, a high index of suspicion must be kept in mind to make the diagnosis. We aim to raise awareness of such a devastating condition in a pediatric patient with many comorbidities.
Protein kinase C signaling dysfunction in von Willebrand disease (p.V1316M) type 2B platelets
Authors: Casari Caterina , Paul David S. , Susen Sophie , Lavenu-Bombled Cécile , Harroche Annie , Piatt Raymond , Poe Kathryn O. , Lee Robert H. , Bryckaert Marijke , Christophe Olivier D. , Lenting Peter J. , Denis Cécile V. , Bergmeier Wolfgang 
Published: June 2018

Key Points
In VWD (p.V1316M) type 2B, the VWF–GPIb interaction alters the sustained PKC-mediated pathway of Rap1 activation. VWF/p.V1316M expression in mice causes multiple platelet dysfunctions, including significant ADAM17-independent shedding of GPIbα.
Review of additive manufactured tissue engineering scaffolds: relationship between geometry and performance
Authors: Gleadall Andrew , Visscher Dafydd , Yang Jing , Thomas Daniel , Segal Joel 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Material extrusion additive manufacturing has rapidly grown in use for tissue engineering research since its adoption in the year 2000. It has enabled researchers to produce scaffolds with intricate porous geometries that were not feasible with traditional manufacturing processes. Researchers can control the structural geometry through a wide range of customisable printing parameters and design choices including material, print path, temperature, and many other process parameters. Currently, the impact of these choices is not fully understood. This review focuses on how the position and orientation of extruded filaments, which sometimes referred to as the print path, lay-down pattern, or simply “scaffold design”, affect scaffold properties and biological performance. By analysing trends across multiple studies, new understanding was developed on how filament position affects mechanical properties. Biological performance was also found to be affected by filament position, but a lack of consensus between studies indicates a need for further research and understanding. In most research studies, scaffold design was dictated by capabilities of additive manufacturing software rather than free-form design of structural geometry optimised for biological requirements. There is scope for much greater application of engineering innovation to additive manufacture novel geometries. To achieve this, better understanding of biological requirements is needed to enable the effective specification of ideal scaffold geometries.
Effects of Surgery With Salvage Stereotactic Radiosurgery Versus Surgery With Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy in Patients With One to Four Brain Metastases (JCOG0504): A Phase III, Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kayama Takamasa , Sato Shinya , Sakurada Kaori , Mizusawa Junki , Nishikawa Ryo , Narita Yoshitaka , Sumi Minako , Miyakita Yasuji , Kumabe Toshihiro , Sonoda Yukihiko , Arakawa Yoshiki , Miyamoto Susumu , Beppu Takaaki , Sugiyama Kazuhiko , Nakamura Hirohiko , Nagane Motoo , Nakasu Yoko , Hashimoto Naoya , Terasaki Mizuhiko , Matsumura Akira , Ishikawa Eiichi , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Iwadate Yasuo , Ohue Shiro , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Manabu , Asano Kenichiro , Mukasa Akitake , Tanaka Katsuyuki , Asai Akio , Nakamura Hideo , Abe Tatsuya , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Iwasaki Koichi , Aoki Tomokazu , Watanabe Takao , Sasaki Hikaru , Izumoto Shuichi , Mizoguchi Masahiro , Matsuo Takayuki , Takeshima Hideo , Hayashi Motohiro , Jokura Hidefumi , Mizowaki Takashi , Shimizu Eiji , Shirato Hiroki , Tago Masao , Katayama Hiroshi , Fukuda Haruhiko , Shibui Soichiro ,   Japan Clinical Oncology Group
Published: June 2018

Purpose Whereas whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) has been the standard treatment of brain metastases (BMs), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly preferred to avoid cognitive dysfunction; however, it has not been clearly determined whether treatment with SRS is as effective as that with WBRT or WBRT plus SRS. We thus assessed the noninferiority of salvage SRS to WBRT in patients with BMs. Patients and Methods Patients age 20 to 79 years old with performance status scores of 0 to 2—and 3 if caused only by neurologic deficits—and with four or fewer surgically resected BMs with only one lesion > 3 cm in diameter were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to WBRT or salvage SRS arms within 21 days of surgery. The primary end point was overall survival. A one-sided α of .05 was used. Results Between January 2006 and May 2014, 137 and 134 patients were enrolled in the WBRT and salvage SRS arms, respectively. Median overall survival was 15.6 months in both arms (hazard ratio, 1.05; 90% CI, 0.83 to 1.33; one-sided P for noninferiority = .027). Median intracranial progression-free survival of patients in the WBRT arm (10.4 months) was longer than that of patients in the salvage SRS arm (4.0 months). The proportions of patients whose Mini-Mental Status Examination and performance status scores that did not worsen at 12 months were similar in both arms; however, 16.4% of patients in the WBRT arm experienced grade 2 to 4 cognitive dysfunction after 91 days postenrollment, whereas only 7.7% of those in the SRS arm did ( P = .048). Conclusion Salvage SRS is noninferior to WBRT and can be established as a standard therapy for patients with four or fewer BMs.
The Ontology of Motion
Authors: Nail Thomas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We live in an age of movement. More than at any other time in history, people and things move longer distances, more frequently, and faster than ever before. If being is increasingly defined by the historical primacy of motion today yet existing ontologies are not, then we need a new historical ontology of our mobile present. This essay offers what is perhaps the first introduction, definition, and history of “the ontology of motion,” as well as the first steps toward a new historical ontology of motion for our time. In particular, the crux of this intervention is twofold: first, to provide a historical definition of the ontology of motion, its precursors, and their difference from process ontologies of becoming; second, to provide a list of limitations for both these traditions and lay out a few criteria for the creation of a new ontology of motion today.
Notes on Atmosphere
Authors: Zhang Dora 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis essay argues that we do not yet fully recognize and attend to the importance of atmospheres as social and political phenomena of everyday life, and draws on a range of approaches to examine these ordinary and ubiquitous sites of affective charge. First charting how creating and manipulating atmospheres in retail and commercial settings has become a feature of contemporary capitalism, the essay discusses the political potential of “organizing a climate” via the case of the recent indignados movement in Spain. The essay suggests that atmospheres can play an important role in opening up political horizons.
Wi-Fi Defiance
Authors: Kafer Gary 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAs programs of internet surveillance have increasingly pervaded our contemporary social and political lives, resistance has become necessary for those seeking to evade online data tracking. This article interrogates such resistance through an examination of Trevor Paglen and Jacob Appelbaum’s Autonomy Cube (2014)—an installation that initiates a public Wi-Fi hotspot using the open-source anonymizing Tor network. Allowing connected viewers to retain their independence from internet surveillance, this work is often discussed as offering a model of resistance in terms of self-determined autonomy. In its reading of the interactive installation through the lens of systems theory, however, this article qualifies autonomy as at once distributed and communally managed yet sensitive to the ways in which infrastructures of wireless technologies are deeply imbricated in lived social realities. Ultimately, this article gestures toward a model of resistance that acknowledges the dissensual shifts between the local public Wi-Fi network and the global internet commons.
The Beaver Diaspora
Authors: Ogden Laura A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor decades the role of invasive species has been central to discussions of anthropogenic loss and change. Conceptual debates over whether “native” and “invasive” species are useful to our understanding of dynamic processes of world making have significantly challenged traditional approaches to conservation biology and conservation practices. Yet decommissioning the “invasive species paradigm” requires us to grapple with new ethical and political frameworks for stewarding the Earth in a time of loss. In response, this essay offers a thought experiment. Instead of referring to invasive species, I reframe the migration and settlement of nonhuman beings as diasporas. Doing so illuminates the political complexities of loss and change in Chilean Tierra del Fuego, where I have been conducting fieldwork for the past five years. Integrating approaches from political ecology, multispecies ethnography, and postcolonial theory, this essay focuses on the introduction in 1947 of Canadian beavers into the Fuegian archipelago (now considered the region’s most significant environmental problem). The introduction of plant and animal life is bound up in the apparatus of settler colonialism, as what Alfred Crosby so famously called “ecological imperialism.” Yet, as I explore in this essay, ecological imperialism is not just the remaking of landscapes to look like Europe but also a process of remaking nonhuman life through the constitution of new multispecies assemblages. Finally, this reframing allows me to destabilize the species concept as a stagnant and apolitical category of difference.
Piecing Together the Extinct Great Auk
Authors: Kalshoven Petra Tjitske 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExtinct as a result of overhunting and habitat loss, the great auk, or garefowl, leads a hidden taxidermied existence in museum storerooms, sheltered from potential further degradation. As an environmental icon, however, the bird inspires a lively political economy of re-creation. Engaging from an anthropological perspective with practices of collecting, representing, and re-creating the great auk, I combine testimonies from Cambridge ornithologist John Wolley’s mid-nineteenth-century Garefowl Books with contemporary ethnography among taxidermists and model makers in Britain and Belgium to argue that remnants, re-creations, and reenactments of the extinct great auk offer a material substrate from which to grasp a human drive to achieve contiguity with a lost species. Re-creation as a form of attentive reanimation by dedicated experts takes shape both discursively and plastically, predicated on assumptions about natural appearance and behavior that may not reflect evidence from historical records. Animated by what I call techniques of contiguity, reconstructions play a persuasive role in expressing and shaping human perceptions and imaginings of past environmental disaster and future environmental opportunity. Contiguity is achieved, on one hand, through performances of bodily kinship between human practitioners and dead or extinct animals and, on the other, through plays on resonance with specific organic materials, including garefowl remnants in Victorian taxidermied auks and plumage from related seabirds used in contemporary auk reconstructions. The reanimated great auk lives to tell stories of ethographic entanglement and continues, through its presence in museum spaces, to provoke both thought and action in a time of unprecedented numbers of species extinctions.
Inorganic Becomings
Authors: Tironi Manuel , Hird Myra J. , Simonetti Cristián , Forman Peter , Freiburger Nathaniel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this choral essay we, an assorted group of academics interested in inorganic life and matter, explore a mode of thinking and feeling with our objects of inquiry—chemicals, waste, cement, gas, and the “project” as a particular form of circulation and enactment of materials and things. To experiment with alternative modes of knowing, we went to Puchuncaví, the largest, oldest, and most polluting industrial compound in Chile, to encounter the inorganic through and with its inorganicness and to attend to the situated, historicized, and political composition of both our materials and our experiences. Thinking of this as a collective provocation, we do not rehearse a conventional argument. Its parts are connected but only partially. There is no dramatic arc but rather an attempt at composing an atmosphere through which our thought and feelings are invoked. We have made visible the authorship behind each of the stories recounted here to celebrate the multivocality of our collaboration and to rehearse a nonabstracted mode of attention to Puchuncaví and the inorganic forces and entities we encountered there. We connect our irritations and speculations with the Anthropocene precisely as a way of summoning the multiple violences, many of them of planetary reach, that have to be denounced when situating our knowledge practices in Puchuncaví. Thinking about the ethico-political challenges of research in territories that have been, and are being, transformed under the weighty history of contamination and that are lived in and lived with by generations of beings (human and otherwise), we call in our concluding remarks for an enhanced pedagogy of care born of our inherited pasts and of engagement, interest, and becoming as response-ability.
Avian thermoregulation in the heat: metabolism, evaporative cooling and gular flutter in two small owls
Authors: Talbot William A. , Gerson Alexander R. , Smith Eric Krabbe , McKechnie Andrew E. , Wolf Blair O. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
The thermoregulatory responses of owls to heat stress have been the subject of few studies. Although nocturnality buffers desert-dwelling owls from significant heat stress during activity, roost sites in tree and cactus cavities or in deep shade provide only limited refuge from high environmental temperatures during the day. We measured thermoregulatory responses to acute heat stress in two species of small owls, the elf owl (Micrathene whitneyi) and the western screech-owl (Megascops kennicottii), which occupy the Sonoran Desert of southwestern North America, an area of extreme heat and aridity. We exposed wild-caught birds to progressively increasing air temperatures (Ta) and measured resting metabolic rate (RMR), evaporative water loss (EWL), body temperature (Tb) and heat tolerance limits (HTL; the maximum Ta reached). Comparatively low RMR values were observed in both species, Tb approximated Ta at 40°C and mild hyperthermia occurred as Ta was increased toward the HTL. Elf owls and screech-owls reached HTLs of 48 and 52°C, respectively, and RMR increased to 1.5 and 1.9 times thermoneutral values. Rates of EWL at the HTL allowed for the dissipation of 167–198% of metabolic heat production (MHP). Gular flutter was used as the primary means of evaporative heat dissipation and produced large increases in evaporative heat loss (44–100%), accompanied by only small increases (&lt;5%) in RMR. These small, cavity-nesting owls have thermoregulatory capacities that are intermediate between those of the open-ground nesting nightjars and the passerines that occupy the same ecosystem.
Thigh and Psoas Major Muscularity and Its Relation to Running Mechanics in Sprinters
Authors: EMA RYOICHI , SAKAGUCHI MASANORI , KAWAKAMI YASUO 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
We aimed to examine the morphological characteristics of the thigh and psoas major muscles in sprinters as well as interrelations among their muscularity, hip joint mechanics, and running speed during maximal running.

Methods
T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the thigh and trunk were obtained from 15 male sprinters (best 100-m sprint times, 10.63–11.57 s) and 12 untrained men. From the magnetic resonance images, the volumes of each of the quadriceps femoris and hamstrings, total adductors, sartorius, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis, and psoas major were determined. For sprinters, the kinetic and kinematic data were measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system and force plates during maximal running. The data for one step from the foot strike of the stance leg to that of the swing leg were analyzed. The center of gravity (CG) velocity and hip joint kinetics were quantified.

Results
Compared with untrained men, sprinters had significantly greater thigh muscle volumes of the hip flexors and extensors, total adductors, gracilis, and psoas major, whereas the monoarticular knee extensor and flexor thigh muscle volumes were similar between the two groups. The CG velocity was positively correlated with the hip flexion angular impulse. Only the rectus femoris volume was significantly correlated with the CG velocity and peak hip flexion moment for the swing leg (r = 0.66–0.69).

Conclusions
The sprinters in this study presented greater muscularity of the thigh and psoas major but not the monoarticular knee extensor or flexor muscles. The rectus femoris, in particular, may play an important role during the swing phase of sprinting.
Hypoxic Training Improves Normoxic Glucose Tolerance in Adolescents with Obesity
Authors: DE GROOTE ESTELLE , BRITTO FLORIAN A. , BULLOCK LOÏC , FRANÇOIS MARIE , DE BUCK CARINE , NIELENS HENRI , DELDICQUE LOUISE 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to test whether environmental hypoxia could potentiate the effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Methods
Fourteen adolescents with obesity were assigned to 6 wk of exercise training either in normoxic or in hypoxic conditions (FiO2 15%). Adolescents trained three times per week for 50–60 min, including endurance and resistance exercises. Oral glucose tolerance test, blood and morphological analyses, and physical performance tests were performed before and after the training period.

Results
After training, hypoxia, but not normoxia, decreased the area under the curve of plasma insulin (−49%; P = 0.001) and glucose levels (−14%; P = 0.005) during oral glucose tolerance test. Decreased plasma triglycerides levels (P = 0.03) and increased maximal aerobic power (P = 0.002), work capacity at 160 bpm (P = 0.002), and carbohydrate consumption during exercise (P = 0.03) were measured only in the hypoxic group.

Conclusions
Hypoxic exercise training was particularly efficient at improving glucose tolerance and insulin response to a glucose challenge in adolescents with obesity. These results suggest that exercise training in hypoxia could be an interesting strategy against insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes development in adolescents with obesity.
A Surdez como diferença: notas de pesquisa.
Authors: Patrocínio Paulo Roberto Tonani 
Published: June 2018

O presente ensaio tem como principal objetivo a análise das contribuições críticas e teóricas dos Estudos Culturais acerca da compreensão da surdez enquanto diferença, rompendo com a ideia de deficiência que orientava as leituras da surdez e do sujeito surdo. Parte-se do pressuposto que as representações da surdez devem ser lidas enquanto reflexo e efeito primeiro de reflexões e configurações discursivas de saber-poder que resultam em representações que transitam entre um modelo médico terapêutico – baseado em uma perspectiva que nomeia o sujeito surdo enquanto deficiente e lança mão de estratégias e recursos clínicos que almejam a sua reabilitação – e um modelo socioantropológico – fundado em uma perspectiva culturalista inspirada nos Estudos Culturais que nomeia a surdez enquanto uma diferença que constitui uma cultura própria, a Cultura Surda. A presente análise busca identificar os principais trabalhos e pesquisas produzidas no âmbito acadêmico brasileiro que promovem uma compreensão da comunidade surda enquanto um grupo minoritário que instaura um elemento de distinção na cultura hegemônica e funda um campo de investigação próprio denominado Estudos Surdos, uma espécie de apropriação do arcabouço teórico dos Estudos Culturais para pensar a surdez e suas representações e autorrepresentações.
Possible Applications of Nanomaterials for Nuclear Fusion Devices
Authors: Oku Takeo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Conditions of nuclear fusion and nuclear fusion devices were described, and some possible applications of nanomaterials for nuclear fusion devices were presented in the present article. Muon-catalyzed fusion is one of methods for nuclear fusion to cause even at room temperature or lower, and protons or heavy ions with huge energy are irradiated to metals such as beryllium or copper, which results in emission of negative or positive charged muons from the metals. An experiment using a pyroelectric power source using lithium tantalite crystal was also reported to achieve nuclear fusion in a desktop-like device. Hydrogen storage is also important for the fusion devices, and the possibility of hydrogen storage in hydrogen storage metallic alloys was studied by diffusion calculation and potential calculation of deuterium fusion. Enhancement of deuterium diffusion in the Pd alloys would be one of the key points for energy materials. Carbon(C)/copper(Cu)-based composite materials with high thermal conductivity and good stability at high temperatures were also developed by adding a small amount of titanium, which has a low enthalpy of alloy formation with C and Cu. These carbon-based materials could be a candidate material for the plasma facing components of fusion devices.
Synthesis of random copolymer of isobutylene with p-methylstyrene by cationic polymerization in ionic liquids
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Guo Wenli , Wu Yibo , Shang Yuwei , Li Shuxin , Xiong Weihao 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Poly(isobutylene-co-p-methylstyrene) (IB/p-MeSt) random copolymer is a new generation of polyisobutylene-based elastomer. The cationic copolymerization of IB with p-MeSt was thoroughly examined by using various initiating systems in [Hmim][NTf2] at −30°C. The effects of initiating systems and monomer feed ratio on the monomer conversion, molecular weight and copolymer composition are discussed. The polymers were characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) to determine their chemical composition and molecular structure. The results show that high polarity, high viscosity and ionic environment of ionic liquids (ILs) influenced the copolymerization. The corresponding mechanism of cationic copolymerization in ILs is also proposed.