bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced treatment of phenol by H2O2/UV/activated carbon coupling: Influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous phase
Authors: Flouret Alexandre , de Almeida Maria Carolina , de Oliveira Tatianne Ferreira , de Sá Fernando Pereira 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this work, a heterogeneous catalytic wet peroxide process combining activated carbon (AC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/ultraviolet radiation was applied for the aqueous‐phase removal of phenol. The influence of the pH and peroxide concentration were determined according to a factorial plan. The kinetic contribution of radical mechanisms () was estimated using a radical scavenger (tert‐butyl alcohol). The degradation kinetics was modelled by a global pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model based on the sum of the effects during the treatment process. The results showed that these two variables significantly affected the percentage removal. The peroxide concentration exerted a positive effect (i.e., as the H2O2 concentration increased, the percentage removal also increased). Additionally, as the pH value increased, the degradation accelerated, and the kinetic constant (khomogeneous) increased from 0.00938 min−1 to 0.02772 min−1. The results obtained in the presence of AC demonstrated the ability of AC to ameliorate the degradation of phenol; for example, was 45.69 % to 41.35 %.
Chemical Design of Nuclear‐Targeting Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Intra‐nuclear Drug Delivery
Authors: Pan Limin , Shi Jianlin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTargeted drug delivery has been widely explored for efficient tumor therapy with desired efficacy but minimized side effects. It is widely known that large numbers of DNA‐toxins, such as doxorubicin, genes, reactive oxygen species, serving as therapeutic agents, can result in maximized therapeutic effects via the interaction directly with DNA helix. So after cellular uptake, these agents should be further delivered into cell nuclei to play their essential roles in damaging the DNA helix in cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate the first paradigm established in our laboratory in developing nuclear‐targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on MSNs for enhanced therapeutic efficiency in the hope of speeding their translation into the clinics. Firstly, nuclear‐targeting DDSs based on MSNs, capable of intranuclear accumulation and drug release therein, were designed and constructed for the first time, resulting in much enhanced anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo. Such an MSNs‐based and nuclear‐targeted drug/agent delivery strategy was further applied to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) of malignant tumors, intra‐nuclearly deliver therapeutic genes, photosensitizers, radio‐enhancement agents and photothermal agents to realize efficient gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiation therapy and photothermal therapy, respectively.
Study of Computation Method of Iron Loss Considering Magnetic Anisotropy by Processing Residual Stress
Authors: DOI SATOSHI , AOKI TETSUYA , OKAZAKI KEIICHI , TAKAHASHI YASUHITO , FUJIWARA KOJI 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARYMass productions of the motor core such as the blanking of the electromagnetic steel sheet and the shrink fit cause the residual strain in the material, processing strain, which prevents the movement of magnetic walls and increases the magnetic loss in the motor. Conventionally, the increase of the magnetic loss by the processing stress was evaluated with trial products, because it could not be done in the design phase. Particularly, the residual stress generated by processing has a complicated relationship with the direction of the magnetization vector, which has made it difficult to estimate iron loss considering processing strain. So, this paper clarified the relationship between the stress tensor and the magnetization vector, and proposed a consideration method of the stress in magnetic field analysis. As a result of validating the development method with the ring test piece, we confirmed that the intended modeling can be reproduced. Furthermore, we showed the usefulness of the development method in the motor model.
Frog's DCs have it all in one
Authors: Robert Jacques 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough the amphibian Xenopus laevis produces antibodies as diversified as those from mammals in the primary repertoire, antibody affinity maturation after immunization is relatively poor and has been associated with a poor B cell selection of AID‐mediated hypermutations and lack of germinal centers in the spleen, the only secondary lymphoid organ of this amphibian. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Neely et al., [Eur. J. Immunol. 2018. 48: 430–440] have unveiled the role of distinctive dendritic cell (DC) subset, XL cells, which have the capacity to acquire and retain native antigens for B cell maturation. The complementary evidence presented by this study (immunohistology, tracing antigen complexes, flow cytometry analysis and gene expression profiles of sorted XL cells) provides novel fundamental insights into a major evolutionary step in functional and cellular specialization of DC and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in regulating B cell responses.
Room for advancement: The regulatory fit of bottom‐rank intermediate feedback
Authors: Hamstra Melvyn R. W. , Schreurs Bert 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis research tests the hypothesis that promotion‐focused individuals experience regulatory fit from bottom rank, intermediate performance‐feedback. Prior research suggests promotion‐focused individuals experience fit in high social ranks (power). Bottom performance ranks may appear psychologically opposite to high power, which might lead one to expect that promotion‐focused individuals experience fit at top ranks. We propose that the opposite occurs in intermediate performance ranking feedback, in that promotion‐focused individuals experience regulatory fit at a bottom rank, because bottom rank implies having something to gain (yielding eagerness), whereas top rank implies having something to lose (yielding vigilance). Study 1 (N = 261) supports the notion that ranks affect eagerness/vigilance. Study 2 (N = 199) extends these findings by examining engagement from regulatory fit.
Bioturbation facilitates DDT sequestration by activated carbon against recontamination by sediment deposition
Authors: Lin Diana , Cho Yeo-Myoung , Tommerdahl Jake P. , Werner David , Luthy Richard G. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

We evaluated bioturbation as a facilitator for in situ treatment with a thin layer of activated carbon to treat dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-contaminated sediment and contaminant influx by sediment deposition. Using the freshwater worm Lumbriculus variegatus as a bioturbator, microcosm time-series studies were conducted for 4 mo and monitored for DDT flux and porewater concentration profiles by polyethylene passive samplers. With bioturbators present, the thin-layer activated carbon amendment reduced DDT flux by &gt;90% compared with the same simulated scenario without activated carbon amendment. In contrast, a clean sediment cap without activated carbon was ineffective in reducing flux when bioturbation was present. In simulated scenarios with contaminant influx through deposition of contaminated sediment, bioturbation facilitated in situ activated carbon treatment, reducing 4-mo DDT flux by 77% compared with the same scenario without bioturbation. Porewater concentration profiles and activated carbon dose profiles confirmed effective mixing of activated carbon particles down to 1-cm depth. A mass transfer model was developed to predict flux with consideration of bioturbation and sediment deposition processes. Predicted flux values were consistent with experimental results and confirm that bioturbation activity helps reduce DDT sediment-to-water fluxes in activated carbon–treated sediment with recontamination by contaminated sediment deposition. To our knowledge, this is the first study to combine experimental and modeling results showing how bioturbation enhances activated carbon amendment effectiveness against ongoing contaminant influx by sediment deposition. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2013–2021. © 2018 SETAC
Abstract
Bioturbation enhances the performance of in-situ activated carbon (AC) amendment against ongoing contaminant influx by reducing contaminant sediment-to-water flux. DDT = dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.
Satellite glial cells represent a population of developmentally arrested Schwann cells
Authors: George Dale , Ahrens Paige , Lambert Stephen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSatellite glial cells (SGCs) are glial cells in the peripheral nervous system that form sheaths around the neuronal cell body. This unique arrangement of SGCs allows it to exert a highly regulated control over the neuronal microenvironment. Not much is known about the origin of SGCs. In this study, we examine the development of SGCs. We show that rat SGCs develop postnatally and these cells express a number of markers associated with Schwann cell precursors, in particular cadherin‐19 (CDH19) even in adult DRGs. We developed a method for the purification of SGCs and showed that they are transcriptionally and morphologically very similar to adult rat Schwann cells (SCs). Finally, we demonstrate that purified SGCs are capable of myelinating embryonic axons when cocultured with those axons. Based on these observations we hypothesize that SGCs represent a population of cells in the SC lineage, whose further differentiation appears to be arrested through contact with DRG neuronal soma.
Patterns of recurrence in oral tongue cancer with perineural invasion
Authors: Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Xu Bin , Migliacci Jocelyn C. , Katabi Nora , Pfister David G. , Lee Nancy Y. , Patel Snehal G. , Ghossein Ronald A. , Wong Richard J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough perineural invasion (PNI) is recognized as an adverse prognostic factor in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the patterns of failure are poorly defined.MethodsPatients with oral tongue SCC who received primary surgical treatment were identified. Specimens were reviewed by head and neck pathologists. Disease‐specific survival (DSS) and locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence‐free survival (RRFS), and distant recurrence‐free survival (DRFS) were calculated. The PNI and PNI characteristics were analyzed as predictors of outcome. The utility of grading the extent of PNI was assessed by quantifying the number of PNI foci per slide reviewed, nerve caliber, and percent circumference involved.ResultsPatients with PNI had a decreased DSS; however, PNI was not predictive of LRFS or RRFS. Patients with PNI were more likely to develop a distant recurrence and 19.40 (confidence interval [CI] 6.70‐56.14; P < .001) times more likely to develop a distant recurrence if PNI foci density was >1.ConclusionThe presence of PNI in oral tongue SCC predicts worse DSS, with distant recurrence as the most common pattern of failure. High PNI foci density is associated with worse DRFS.
Standard and optimized carry trades
Authors: Reichenecker Jurij‐Andrei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDrawdown periods of standard carry trades are primarily the result of losses in classic carry trade currencies. These periods coincide with an increased financial stress, such as the recent financial crisis. The introduced optimized carry trades employ a dynamic weighting scheme for currencies, which incorporates general risk components. Optimized carry trades are therefore less exposed to losses under financial stress, and provide an enhanced risk‐return profile over the entire and second half of the sample period and during periods of volatile markets. These results find robust statistical evidence. Furthermore, optimized carry trades have a lower correlation with traditional asset classes than standard carry trades. Traditional models of risk are less successful in explaining the returns of optimized carry trades.
Imaging manifestations of sepsis‐associated encephalopathy
Authors: Wu Huiying , Xu Yikai , Xu Wenbiao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical and imaging data of sepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) following infantile diarrhea. Eight infants were diagnosed with SAE after diarrhea and assessed using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The main symptoms present in each of the eight patients were fever, diarrhea, seizures, and changes in consciousness. From cranial CT examination, five patients showed normal results, two displayed cerebral edema, and one displayed slightly lower density areas in the frontal and parietal lobes. There were four patients examined through MRI: one patient displayed slightly widened cerebral sulci; two displayed edema in the white cerebral matter and basal ganglia with gyriform enhancement after contrast; one displayed an abnormal bilateral signal in the occipital lobes and another in the frontoparietal lobe; and one displayed a diffuse abnormal signal in the white matter of both cerebral hemispheres and basal ganglia. Imaging manifestations of SAE included encephaledema or abnormal signals in the white matter and basal ganglia. CT examination can exclude other cerebral pathologies causing brain dysfunction in early stages. MRI examination can provide more information to aid in the early diagnosis of SAE.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum miR‐15a and miR‐16‐1 expression among egyptian patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Zidan Haidy E. , Abdul‐Maksoud Rehab S. , Elsayed Walid S. H. , Desoky Esam A. M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is considered the most common malignancy in men. The aim of this study is to assess the role of serum miR‐15a and miR‐16‐1 expression in PCa development, diagnosis and prognosis aiming to find a specific noninvasive biomarker. This study comprised 70 patients with PCa, 70 patients complaining of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 30 patients with chronic prostatitis and 70 controls. Circulating miR‐15a and miR‐16‐1 expression was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Prostate specific antigen levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of serum miR‐15a were decreased in PCa patients compared with controls, chronic prostatitis and BPH patients (0.43 ± 0.12, 1.7 ± 0.76, 1.56 ± 0.34 and 1.53 ± 0.65, respectively). The expression levels of serum miR‐16‐1 were decreased in PCa patients compared with controls, chronic prostatitis and BPH patients (0.55 ± 0.23, 2.15 ± 0.87, 2.08 ± 0.54 and 1.96 ±0.61, respectively). Downregulation of miR‐15a and miR‐16‐1 correlated with higher Gleason score (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006, respectively), higher tumor stage (P = 0.001 and P = 0.01, respectively), PCa metastasis (P = 0.002 and P = 0.025, respectively) and lymph node involvement (P = 0.02 and P = 0.007, respectively). Moreover, Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that combined miR‐15a/miR‐16‐1 and PSA increased the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PCa (97.1% and 94.3%, respectively) more than prostate specific antigen alone (82.9% sensitivity and 75.7% specificity). Combined serum miR‐15a/miR‐16‐1 expression and PSA level can be used as promising specific noninvasive biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa better than prostate specific antigen alone. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(5):437–444, 2018
Osteogenic stimulation of human dental pulp stem cells with a novel gelatin‐hydroxyapatite‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold
Authors: Gu Yingzhi , Bai Yuxing , Zhang Dongliang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to construct and compare gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffolds with a gelatin‐only scaffold and to investigate the effect of the scaffold on osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. We developed a novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering via a solution casting/particle washing method, and the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were examined using scanning electron microscopy and a universal testing machine, respectively. Scaffold cytotoxicity toward human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was evaluated with the CCK8 method, and hDPSC differentiation was evaluated with an alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red S staining, and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Our results indicate that the gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffolds exhibited good homogeneity, interconnected pores, and relatively high mechanical strength and water absorption rates. A significant increase in hDPSC proliferation and ALP activity that stimulated mineralization of the hDPSC‐generated matrix was also seen on gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffolds compared with the gelatin‐only scaffolds. In addition, RT‐PCR revealed that the gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffold upregulated gene expression of the osteogenic markers Runx2, bone sialoprotein, and OSX. In conclusion, gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffolds presented better mechanical properties, cytocompatibility and differentiation‐inducing characteristics than gelatin scaffolds. These results indicate that the novel hydrogel gelatin‐HA‐TCP scaffolds may be a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1851–1861, 2018.
Silica coating followed by heat‐treatment of MDP‐primer for resin bond stability to yttria‐stabilized zirconia polycrystals
Authors: Dal Piva Amanda M. O. , Carvalho Ronaldo L. A. , Lima Aline L. , Bottino Marco A. , Melo Renata M. , Valandro Luiz Felipe 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of silica coating, primer type and its heat treatment on bond strength durability between resin cement and an yttrium‐stabilized polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia (Y‐TZP). Eighty (80) Y‐TZP blocks were allocated into 16 groups considering four factors: silica coating (without and with); type of primer (RelyX Ceramic Primer, a silane‐based primer; Single Bond Universal, a universal MDP‐based primer); heat treatment of the primer (without and with); aging (without and with). After zirconia treatments, resin cement cylinders (RelyX ARC) (n = 20; N = 320) were built. Half of the samples were tested after 24 h, and another half were subjected to aging (thermocycling 5–55°C/5.000, and storage in water for 6 months). Shear bond strength test and failure analysis were performed. Bond strength data were submitted to four‐way ANOVA and Tukey test (p = 0.05). All factors were statistically significant (p < 0.001) for bond strength (MPa): silica coating (7.3 ± 5.9) > no‐treatment (3.6 ± 4.3); universal primer (6.7 ± 4.8) > silane (4.2 ± 5.8); heat‐treatment (6.5 ± 6.3) > no‐heating (4.4 ± 4.3); no‐aging (8.2 ± 5) > aging (2.7 ± 4.4). Tukey test revealed that the association of silica coating + universal primer + heat‐treatment promoted higher and stable resin bond strength. Silica coating, universal adhesive application and heat treatment improve/increase durability and bond strength of zirconia. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 104–111, 2019.
Degradation rate of DNA scaffolds and bone regeneration
Authors: Matsumoto Ayako , Kajiya Hiroshi , Yamamoto‐M Nana , Yanagi Tsukasa , Imamura Ayaka , Okabe Koji , Fukushima Tadao , Kido Hirofumi , Ohno Jun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractScaffolds implanted into bone defect sites must achieve optimal biodegradation rates while appropriately filling the void as new bone formation progresses. We recently developed a unique biomaterial consisting of salmon deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and protamine, which can be used as an osteoconductive scaffold for tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to elucidate how the degradation rate of the scaffold affects bone regeneration. We examined the relationships between the degradation rate of salmon DNA scaffolds and new bone formation using a rat skin flank subcutaneous model and rat calvarial defect model. The degradation rates of the scaffolds were proportional to the durations of pretreatment with ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The biodegradation rates of the scaffolds were also dependent on the duration of UV irradiation, as tested a subcutaneous tissue implantation. Scaffolds irradiated with UV light for 0.5 h maintained gradual biodegradation of phosphate compared with scaffolds irradiated for 0 or 3 h. In the calvarial defect model, we found that new bone formation was higher in rats treated with scaffolds irradiated with UV light for 0.5 h compared with those irradiated with UV light for 0 or 3.0 h. The present results suggest that bioengineering of scaffolds for biodegradation is important to regenerate bone. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 122–128, 2019.
In Vivo Formation of Ethinylestradiol After Intramuscular Administration of Norethisterone Enantate
Authors: Friedrich Christian , Berse Matthias , Klein Stefan , Rohde Beate , Höchel Joachim 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is known that a small fraction of orally administered norethisterone is metabolically converted to ethinylestradiol. This exploratory, open‐label, nonrandomized study was conducted to investigate the systemic exposure to ethinylestradiol after intramuscular administration of norethisterone enantate in comparison with the exposure to ethinylestradiol after administration of a standard combined oral contraceptive. Sixteen healthy premenopausal women received an oral contraceptive (ethinylestradiol 30 μg/levonorgestrel 150 μg) once daily for 21 days and—after a 1‐week washout period—a single intramuscular dose of 200 mg norethisterone enantate. Blood samples to determine ethinylestradiol in serum were taken over 24 hours after the last dose of ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel and over 8 weeks after administration of norethisterone enantate. Oral equivalent doses of ethinylestradiol were estimated based on area under the concentration–time curves. The ethinylestradiol serum concentrations observed after administration of norethisterone enantate were relatively low: The mean maximum concentration was only 32% of the maximum observed after ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (90% confidence interval, 22.5%–44.7%). The maximum oral equivalent dose of ethinylestradiol was markedly lower than 30 μg ethinylestradiol per day (20.3 μg/day; 90% confidence interval, 14.8–28.0 μg/day). The same applied to the average oral equivalent dose of ethinylestradiol for the 8‐week postdose interval (4.41 μg/day; 90% confidence interval, 3.57–5.46 μg/day). To conclude, the study results indicate that metabolic conversion of norethisterone to ethinylestradiol also occurs after intramuscular administration of 200 mg norethisterone enantate, but is associated with a lower exposure to ethinylestradiol than the use of a combined oral contraceptive containing 30 μg ethinylestradiol (plus 150 μg levonorgestrel).
Eosinophils in fungal diseases: An overview
Authors: Figueiredo Rodrigo T , Neves Josiane S 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEosinophils are the prominent cells in asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPMs), and fungal-sensitization-associated asthma, but their roles in the immunopathology of these disorders are not well understood. Moreover, the immunological mechanisms underlying the molecular direct effector interactions between fungi and eosinophils are rare and not fully known. Here, we provide an overview of eosinophil contributions to allergic asthma and ABPMs. We also revise the major general mechanisms of fungal recognition by eosinophils and consider past and recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with eosinophil innate effector responses to different fungal species relevant to ABPMs (Alternaria alternata, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus). We further examine and speculate about the therapeutic relevance of these findings in fungus-associated allergic pulmonary diseases.Eosinophil roles in fungal-associated allergic pulmonary disorders: contributions, mechanisms of fungal recognition and potential therapeutic relevance.