bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not by Salinity Alone: How Environmental Factors Shape Fungal Communities in Saline Soils
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Liu Jun‐Jie , Banerjee Samiran , White James F. , Zhou Na , Zhao Zhen‐Yong , Zhang Ke , Hu Ming‐Fang , Kingsley Kathryn , Tian Chang‐Yan 
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas
Fungal diversity exhibits a longitudinal gradient in saline soils.
Soil moisture, then salinity and total potassium, were the main environmental drivers of fungal communities.
Environmental variables were more important than geographical distance to variation in trophic guilds.
The fungal community assembly was mainly stochastic.
Soil salinity is prominent in arid and semiarid regions, especially in local agricultural systems. Fungi play major roles in ecosystem processes, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographical patterns in saline agricultural systems remain poorly understood. Here we performed Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing of the fungal ITS1 region from 31 soils covering representative saline agricultural lands in northwest China. The results showed that Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes were the dominant taxonomic groups across all soil samples (>5% of all sequences), while saprotroph, pathotroph‐saprotroph‐symbiotroph and pathotroph were the main functional guilds across all soil samples. Interestingly, the fungal abundance and α diversity increased with increasing longitudinal gradient from 84°13′ E to 89°11′ E. Soil moisture, followed by salinity and total potassium, were the primary environmental drivers of the fungal community; these soil parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with longitude, and therefore potentially result in longitudinal fungal gradients. Furthermore, the fungal community assembly was mainly stochastic; fungal community exhibited distance‐decay distribution patterns, which were mainly influenced by geographical distance. By contrast, environmental factors (such as salinity pH, soil moisture, or nutrients) mainly contributed to the variation in trophic guilds. These findings enhance our understanding of fungal biogeography in saline agricultural soils.
Fixeddose combination of rosuvastatin + ezetimibe: ease of use, safety and efficacy
Authors: Alekseeva I. A. , Kolmakova T. E. , Ezhov M. B. 
Published: October 2019

Today, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia are key points in the occurrence and progression of CVDs, as well as the development of its complications. Elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the target of lipid-lowering therapy. The LDL-C target level is often not achieved in everyday clinical practice, which is especially important for patients at high and very high risk for cardiovascular complications. Furthermore, in some patient subgroups, atherogenic dyslipidemia is observed. Due to use of intensive and prolonged lipid-lowering therapy, the problem of its tolerability and patient adherence to the treatment becomes a live issue today. In addition, the use of drugs with effect that complements and enhances the effect of statin helps to achieve targets and improve long-term prognosis. Statins and ezetimibe are effective and widely used drugs to treat dyslipidemia. Clinical studies show that ezetimibe can be safely co-administered with statins to enhance lipid-lowering activity. In this regard, a statin and non-statin drug fixed-dose combination tablet may have additional advantages both for enhancing the lipidlowering effect and for greater patient convenience. Rosuvastatin is more effective than other statins in reducing low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The article provides a rationale for the possibility, efficacy, safety and convenience of using an ezetimibe and rosuvastatin fixed-dose combination tablet in patients with a high and very high risk and unattained target level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Modern view on hemostasis system: cell theory
Authors: Schastlivtsev I. V. , Lobastov K. V. , Tsaplin S. N. , Mkrtychev D. S. 
Published: October 2019

For many years, there has been no model capable of explaining the complex processes of interaction between various bloodclotting factors leading to a stop of bleeding. One of the most successful models able to partially reflect the mechanisms of hemostasis for a long time was the cascade theory. The cascade model perfectly explains the processes occurring during coagulation in vitro, but was completely inadequate in attempts to evaluate the processes occurring in vivo. A significant drawback of the cascade model is the impossibility to trace the interaction of cells carrying the tissue factor, platelets and plasma coagulation factors on their surface, since these conditions cannot be imitated. The cell theory, which has replaced the cascade theory, pays attention not only to the interaction of plasma coagulation factors, but also takes into account the role of platelets as important participants of coagulation processes. It is based on a four-stage reaction cascade that includes the following stages: initiation, amplification, propagation, and termination.The cell theory of hemostasis is able to reflect the complex process of interaction of all the links of hemostasis and answer questions related to the problems in patients with disorders of the coagulation system. The cell theory of hemostasis allows to reflect more precisely the processes of hemostasis in vivo and to interpret correctly the results of tests and pathophysiological mechanisms of disorders of the coagulation system. Global tests (thrombin generation assay, thromboelastography, thrombodynamics) used for hemostasis system evaluation are more complimentary with cell theory of hemostasis.
Treatment of real dairy wastewater by electrolysis and photo-assisted electrolysis in presence of chlorides
Authors: de Sousa Diego Domingos Pereira , Pinto Camila Ferreira , Tonhela Marquele Amorim , Granato Ana Claudia , Motheo Artur de Jesus , Lima Alexandre de Faria , Ferreira Deusmaque Carneiro , Fernandes David Maikel , Fornazari Ana Luiza de Toledo , Malpass Geoffroy Roger Pointer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The efficiency of electrolysis (EC/Cl2) and photo-assisted electrolysis (EC/UV/Cl2) methods, in the presence of chloride, for the abatement of real dairy waste from a producer in the Triangulo Mineiro region of Brazil, was evaluated. A complete 23 factorial design was performed for the variables time, pH and current. After determining the ideal pH, a Central Compound Design (CCD) was performed, where the applied current (533.42 mA) and treatment time (60.45 minutes) were maximized. The effluent was subsequently submitted to prolonged EC/Cl2 and EC/UV/Cl2 treatment in order to evaluate the behaviour of specific environmental parameters over time. The EC/UV/Cl2 method was more efficient than simple EC/Cl2 treatment. The EC/UV/Cl2 method resulted in a reduction of all environmental parameters investigated to levels within legal standards for effluent discharge. A relatively low cost of treatment is obtained with Energy per Order (EEO) values of 0.89 and 1.22 kWh m−3 order−1 for the EC/UV/Cl2 and EC/Cl2 treatments, respectively. The electrochemical production of free chlorine species followed by subsequent photolysis and production of radical species can convert a simple electrochemical process into an advanced oxidation process (AOP).
Privileged Structures in the Design of Potential Drug Candidates for Neglected Diseases
Authors: Leite Ana Cristina  Lima , Espíndola José Wanderlan Pontes , de Oliveira Cardoso Marcos Veríssimo , de Oliveira Filho Gevanio Bezerra 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Privileged motifs are recurring in a wide range of biologically
active compounds that reach different pharmaceutical targets and pathways and could represent
a suitable start point to access potential candidates in the neglected diseases field.
The current therapies to treat these diseases are based in drugs that lack of the desired effectiveness,
affordable methods of synthesis and allow a way to emergence of resistant
strains. Due the lack of financial return, only few pharmaceutical companies have been
investing in research for new therapeutics for neglected diseases (ND).

Methods:
Based on the literature search from 2002 to 2016, we discuss how six privileged
motifs, focusing phthalimide, isatin, indole, thiosemicarbazone, thiazole, and thiazolidinone
are particularly recurrent in compounds active against some of neglected diseases.

Results:
It was observed that attention was paid particularly for Chagas disease, malaria,
tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, dengue, African sleeping sickness (Human
African Trypanosomiasis - HAT) and toxoplasmosis. It was possible to verify that, among
the ND, antitrypanosomal and antiplasmodial activities were between the most searched.
Besides, thiosemicarbazone moiety seems to be the most versatile and frequently explored
scaffold. As well, phthalimide, isatin, thiazole, and thiazolidone nucleus have been also
explored in the ND field.

Conclusion:
Some described compounds, appear to be promising drug candidates, while
others could represent a valuable inspiration in the research for new lead compounds.
Hyperferritinaemia: An Iron Sword of Autoimmunity
Authors: Giemza-Stokłosa Joanna , Islam Md. Asiful , Kotyla Przemysław J. 
Published: October 2019

Background::Ferritin is a molecule that plays many roles being the storage for iron, signalling molecule, and modulator of the immune response.Methods::Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to find out the literature of interest.Results::The level of ferritin rises in many inflammatory conditions including autoimmune disorders. However, in four inflammatory diseases (i.e., adult-onset Still’s diseases, macrophage activation syndrome, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, and sepsis), high levels of ferritin are observed suggesting it as a remarkable biomarker and pathological involvement in these diseases. Acting as an acute phase reactant, ferritin is also involved in the cytokine-associated modulator of the immune response as well as a regulator of cytokine synthesis and release which are responsible for the inflammatory storm.Conclusion::This review article presents updated information on the role of ferritin in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases with an emphasis on hyperferritinaemic syndrome.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Colorado Children, 2010–2017
Authors: Alonso G. Todd , Coakley Alex , Pyle Laura , Manseau Katherine , Thomas Sarah , Rewers Arleta 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE
We examined trends in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes at a large pediatric diabetes center between 2010 and 2017, overlapping with the Affordable Care Act’s overhaul of U.S. health care.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Colorado residents &lt;18 years old who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes from 2010 to 2017 and subsequently followed at the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes were included. Logistic regression models were used to test associations among age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, language, year of diagnosis, and rural/nonrural residence and DKA at diagnosis. Linear regression models were used to test the association of each predictor with HbA1c at diagnosis.

RESULTS
There were 2,429 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. From 2010 to 2017, the rate of DKA increased from 41 to 58%. It increased from 35.3 to 59.6% among patients with private insurance (odds ratio 1.10 [95% CI 1.05–1.15]; P &lt; 0.0001) but remained unchanged (52.2–58.8%) among children with public insurance (1.03 [0.97–1.09]; P = 0.36). In the multivariable model, public insurance (1.33 [1.08–1.64]; P = 0.007), rural address (1.42 [1.08–1.86]; P = 0.013), and HbA1c (1.32 [1.26–1.38]; P &lt; 0.0001) were positively associated with DKA, whereas age, race/ethnicity, sex, and primary language were not.

CONCLUSIONS
The increase in the rate of DKA in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes was driven by patients with private insurance. This paradoxically occurred during a time of increasing health insurance coverage. More study is needed to understand the factors driving these changes.
Novedades florísticas y corológicas para la provincia de Córdoba (España). II
Authors: Martínez Sagarra Gloria , Reyes Sepúlveda Emilio , López Tirado Javier , Devesa Alcaraz Juan Antonio 
Published: October 2019

Se comentan 7 taxones de plantas vasculares de interés para la flora de Córdoba, bien porque se amplía significativamente su conocimiento corológico en la provincia (Rubus caesius L., Bupleurum lancifolium Hornem., Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte), porque se confirma su presencia en el territorio (Geranium pusillum L.), o su presencia constituye una novedad provincial (Cyperus difformis L.) o para la flora de Andalucía [Potentilla supina L., Amsinckia calycina (Moris) Chater]. Todos los pliegos-testimonio se encuentran depositados en el Herbario de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Córdoba (COFC).Palabras clave: Flora vascular, Corología, Córdoba. Notes on some plants of the province of Cordoba (Spain).Keywords: Vascular flora, Chorology, Córdoba.
Business models innovation based on crowds: a comparative study
Authors: Kubiak Katarzyna , Wziątek-Kubiak Anna 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
With arrival of information technology, interaction between consumers and companies become more common. It has implications for the way business function and for business models. The aim of the paper is to analyze crowdsourcing and compare crowdsourcing business models of three product and content crowdsourcing companies, their common features and differences. These companies differ considerably in many respects. The business model framework used is based on Osterwalder and Pigneur’s approach. The paper shows various consequences of using crowds. It shows that having crowds as a key asset implies a necessity to take care of the crowd and network effect before launching a crowdsourcing initiative. The paper gives those involved in crowdsourcing insight about factors crucial for their company and points to where they need to concentrate their resources.
Discrete Sliding Mode Control Design for Piezoelectric Actuator
Authors: Huynh-Van Van , Tran-Thanh Phong 
Published: October 2019

Piezoelectric bimorph actuators have been employed in several applications. In this paper, the piezoelectric actuator is discretized and its hysteresis function is studied, then a digital sliding mode controller is designed. Furthermore, a perturbation estimation technique is applied and an observer is no longer needed. In addition, simulations are performed also using the traditional PID controller in order to validate the proposed controller scheme performance.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Non-Debt Tax Shield Terhadap Struktur Modal
Authors: Putri Intan Anggita 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan, ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan non-debt tax shield terhadap struktur modal pada perusahaan barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2014-2017. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari data laporan keuangan. Laporan keuangan tersebut diambil dari website resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2014-2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan diperoleh 34 perusahaan dengan periode penelitian selama 4 tahun, sehingga diperoleh 136 data sampel. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan software eviews 10.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan pertumbuhan penjualan, ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan non-debt tax shield berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Secara parsial pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah positif terhadap struktur modal. Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah negatif terhadap struktur modal. Profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah negatif terhadap struktur modal. Non-debt tax shield tidak berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah positif terhadap struktur modal.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA SISWA KELAS V SD PERTIWI MAKASAR
Authors: Amal Amri , Basam Fajri , Rizal Rizal 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penigkatan keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas V. Penelitianini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu sebuah kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan di kelas sebagai upayauntuk mengkaji, merefleksi secara kritis suatu rencana pembelajaran terhadap kinerja (Performance) guru,interaksi guru dengan siswa, serta interaksi siswa dengan kelas. Secara garis besar terdapat empat tahapan,yaitu (1) perencanaan, (2)pelaksanaan, (3) pengamatan (observasi), dan (4) refleksi. Peningkatanketerlaksaan proses pembelajaran di kelas dari siklus I dengan nilai rata-rata 1.43 dengan kategoriterlaksana seluruhnya, dan pada siklus II dengan nilai rata-rata 1.58 dengan kategori terlaksna seluruhnya. This study aims to analyze the improvement of science skills in class students.This research is classroom action research, namely a research activity carried out in the classroom as an effort to assess,critically reflect on a learning plan on teacher performance (Performance), teacher interaction with students, andstudent interaction with the class. Broadly speaking there are four stages, namely (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3)observation (observation), and (4) reflection. Increasing the learning process in the classroom from the first cycle withan average value of 1.43 with the category fully implemented, and in the second cycle with an average value of 1.58with the category fully implemented.
Geografía e inteligencia territorial
Authors: Bozzano Horacio 
Published: October 2019

<p>La Geografía y la Inteligencia Territorial pueden, juntas, ser una puerta a disciplinas y proyectos científicos mas encantadores, alegres y útiles en miles de millones de personas que no hacen Geografía, y que la conocen de otra forma, cuando no más crítica, más tradicional. La Inteligencia Territorial, proyecto científico multidisciplinar reciente, puede ser una buena compañera para la milenaria Geografía, y para muchas otras disciplinas. La descripción, la explicación y la transformación de la tierra con y por sus habitantes en un marco de multiculturalidad, sobriedad y biodiversidad pueden constituir una alternativa científica válida en las próximas décadas. El objetivo de esta investigación es, recorriendo un sendero de geo-grafein, geo-explanans y geo-transformare, reconocer que una nueva Geografía en diálogo con la Inteligencia Territorial puede constituir una respuesta real a territorios posibles más viables y factibles, sustentables en hechos más que en palabras y conferencias, en el marco de un paradigma científico emergente. Se trata de trabajar con comunidades, instituciones y empresas social y ambientalmente responsables, comprometidas, no sólo en problemas, sino en soluciones, para contribuir a producir otra globalización, multicultural, sobria y biodiversa.</p><p> </p>
Aportes a la investigación geográfica desde la geografía electoral el caso de la Provincia del Chaco
Authors: Monzón Norma 
Published: October 2019

<p>En el presente trabajo pretendemos aportar conceptos teóricos referidos al estudio de la Geografía Electoral, a la vez que ilustramos con un caso de la Provincia del Chaco de las Elecciones para Gobernador en el año 2011. También deseamos destacar que el desarrollo de este abordaje de la Geografía Humana, su estudio y la formación de geógrafos electorales es escaso en Argentina. Presentamos las técnicas y métodos de estudio, así como las dificultades en la investigación electoral. Con lo cual, consideramos que este trabajo es un aporte al conocimiento de un aspecto de la Ciencia Geográfica.</p><p> </p>
Análisis de la red vial de la provincia de Corrientes por medio de la Teoría de Grafos
Authors: Insaurralde Juan Ariel , Cardozo Osvaldo Daniel 
Published: October 2019

<p>El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar por medio de la Teoría de Grafos la red vial de la Provincia de Corrientes, para determinar desigualdades en la accesibilidad, conectividad y centralidad de la misma. Según esta Teoría el espacio geográfico se reduce a un grafo, es decir, un dibujo compuesto por arcos y nodos que representan a elementos de la realidad, como rutas y las intersecciones de las mismas o ciudades respectivamente. Generado el grafo a partir de las rutas pavimentadas, se procede a la construcción de las matrices de datos (conectividad y accesibilidad), al cálculo de índices con diferentes niveles de complejidad, y la elaboración de una cartografía que expresa las relaciones topológicas. Pese a su carácter preferentemente descriptivo, es posible evidenciar algunos desequilibrios en la estructura espacial de la red vial.</p><p> </p>
Los períodos secos en la Provincia del Chaco entre los años 1957 y 2005
Authors: Gómez Claudia Verónica , Pérez María Emilia 
Published: October 2019

<p>Desde los orígenes del planeta Tierra el agua tuvo un papel importante en el surgimiento de los primeros seres vivos, si bien su composición química ha variado desde entonces, esa primacía como componente esencial de la vida no se ha modificado. Las plantas, los animales y el Hombre necesitan del agua para subsistir, y en el caso de este último, para realizar sus actividades.</p><p>Esto pone en relieve la importancia del conocimiento del régimen pluviométrico, particularmente en la provincia del Chaco, centrando el interés en los períodos secos ya que constituye uno de los factores más importantes de los estudios climáticos. El régimen pluviométrico permite reconocer el comportamiento temporal de la lluvia a través de los montos mensuales y anuales y la distribución de las mismas estacionalmente, es aquí donde se identifican los períodos secos y se los analiza en función de su incidencia tanto en los aspectos naturales como humanos. Se tiene en cuenta, además, el debate constante sobre el calentamiento global y el cambio climático. Sobre este tema, muchos investigadores afirman que las temperaturas de la superficie terrestre aumentan a un ritmo que indica un cambio decisivo en el clima global, aumento que no se evidencia tan nítidamente en el Hemisferio Sur. Todo ello tiene influencia en las precipitaciones, dado que, según se afirma desde distintos ámbitos, el aumento de las temperaturas aumentaría las<br />tendencias de sequías.<br />Por otra parte, se sostiene que el incremento de las precipitaciones registrado durante las últimas décadas es un indicativo del cambio climático, razón por la que es necesario determinar si el mismo responde realmente a un cambio o si sólo indica fluctuaciones u oscilaciones interdecenales de la precipitación.</p><p> </p>