bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perylene‐ and Perylene Diimide‐based Framework Materials Constructed through Metal Coordination
Authors: Wang Junxiao , Wei Haoxuan , Guan Jun , Müllen Klaus , Yin Meizhen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of materials composed of coordinative interactions between metal ions and organic linkers, encompassing two‐dimensional (2D), and three‐dimensional (3D) architectures. Metal‐organic cages (MOCs), a special case of these species, are discrete molecular “capsules” with zero‐dimensional (0D) structures. Over the last two decades, MOFs and MOCs composed of organic perylene (P) and perylene diimide (PDI) linkers have gained much attention due to their versatile properties, which can be further enhanced after incorporation into frameworks. This minireview highlights recent progress in the construction and application of P/PDI‐based coordination framework materials. The text offers an overview of the synthesis of P/PDI organic linkers, proceeds to their integration into coordination frameworks of different dimensionalities – 2D and 3D MOFs, and 0D MOCs, and then explores potential applications. These include sensing, photocatalysis, electrochemical devices and photothermal conversion and focus on the apparent structure‐property relationships. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of P/PDI‐derived coordination frameworks will be addressed.
Langweilig oder Spannend? Eine Reise Durch Die Fettsäure‐Chemie der Haut
Authors: Lautenschläger Hans 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungFettsäuren zeichnen sich durch eine große Vielfalt von Strukturen und Eigenschaften aus. Entsprechend vielseitig sind ihre Funktionen und die Wirkungen ihrer Metaboliten in und auf der Haut. Sie reichen von physikalischem Schutz bis hin zu lokalen, hormonellen Wirkungen. Neben der Biochemie der Fettsäuren in der Epidermis spielen synergistische Einflüsse des Hautmikrobioms eine große Rolle für die physiologisch intakte Haut.
Partikelanalyse leicht gemacht: Künstliche Intelligenz und Elektronenmikroskopie
Authors: Gumbiowski Nina , Loza Kateryna , Epple Matthias 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungMethoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) bieten die Möglichkeit, große Datenmengen in kurzer Zeit zu verarbeiten und analysieren, was schnellere, effizientere und neuartige Arbeitsabläufe ermöglicht. Gleichermaßen sollte man sich als Nutzer aber auch der Grenzen dieser computergestützten Anwendungen bewusst sein. Am Beispiel von elektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen wird gezeigt, wie ein KI‐basiertes Programm zunächst mit echten Daten trainiert wird, so dass es dann Partikel selbständig mit hoher Genauigkeit erkennen und auswerten kann.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Alkenylsulfonates from Alkynes, NaHSO3 and Alcohols
Authors: Wang Xiaoman , Chen Qianqian , Zhou Jinhang , Hu Yi , Ye Shengqing , Wu Jie 
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive SummaryAlkenylsulfonates are commonly encountered in medicinal chemistry, polymer chemistry, and organic synthesis. In this research, an electrochemical reaction involving alkynes, NaHSO3, and alcohols has been developed. This method yields functionalized alkenylsulfonates in good yields with broad functional group tolerance. Mechanism studies indicate that anodic oxidation of inorganic sulfite, radical insertion process, and HAT process are involved in this transformation.
Getting the Numbers Right in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Ducho Christian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMedicinal Chemistry is a quantitative scientific discipline. Hence, it is of utmost importance that scientists working in this field pay rigorous attention to the correct representation of their quantitative data. However, browsing the Medicinal Chemistry literature, it becomes obvious that this is very often not the case. In particular, results from biological assays are too frequently reported with unreasonable numbers of significant figures. In this Perspective, it is argued that this is poor practice that sheds an unfortunate light on the discipline of Medicinal Chemistry and that therefore, more rigorous policies regarding the presentation of quantitative data in Medicinal Chemistry publications should be considered.
The Use of Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) Among the Psychotherapists of the Italian National Health Service
Authors: Lampis Jessica , Rocca Guido 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRoutine outcome monitoring (ROM) is one of the most important methodologies for evaluating client progress and improving the efficiency and quality of psychological assistance. Despite this, the culture of ROM use is struggling to establish itself in the Italian National Health System, shaping up as a sporadic and unevenly used practice. The main objective of the present study was to assess the frequency of use of different outcome monitoring measures and the attitudes toward ROM within psychological services of the Italian National Health System. The study involved 184 psychotherapist (75% female and 25% male) employed in the Italian Health System structures. Participants completed an anonymous questionnaire composed by Outcome monitoring use and Attitudes to ROM. The data reveal a general low‐frequency in ROM use, with the exception of the symptom monitoring measures. In our sample, the variables that significantly affect the level of ROM use are psychological capability and physical and social opportunity. The present study provides some empirical evidence to reflect on the importance of increasing the use of ROM within psychological services and to promote interventions to improve clinicians' positive attitudes toward ROM.
Structural Design on Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Photocatalysis
Authors: Cao Linzhu , Tao Xin , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic technology has shown great potential in various fields such as environmental purification, energy conversion, and chemical transformations due to its green, sustainable, and low‐cost characteristics. Porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) with high specific surface areas, designable local structures, and abundant active sites could potentially serve as efficient photocatalysts for various catalytic reactions. This makes PAFs have a wide range of application prospects and significant advantages in the field of photocatalysis. This concept discusses the recent progress of photocatalysis over PAFs. Various strategies are used to solve the general problems of photocatalyst, such as poor light absorption, low carrier separation efficiency and poor stability, which further reveal the relationship between their structures and performances.
Triple Wavelength for Laser Hair Reduction: Parameter Selection and Optimisation of Results
Authors: Pai Ganesh Srinivas , Prasad Avitus John Raakesh , Pai Anusha H. , Pillai Rahul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTriple wave hair removal is an advanced method for achieving permanent hair reduction which has always been challenging. This technique combines the benefits of three different wavelengths of laser light to target a broader range of skin types effectively. This study employed three different equipment.AimsTo establish the efficacy of triple wavelength hair removal in various skin types, sites and type of hair. To give importance to parameter selection and various techniques to be employed in various situations to achieve permanent hair removal.Patients and MethodsThis was an Investigator initiated, two center study of female's patients with hirsutism above age 18 years with skin type III−V, areas included are face, chin, chest and others between the period of August 2017 to February 2024.ResultsThe amount of hair reduction was assessed using the physician GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) score: No results 0% reduction, Poor 0%−25% reduction, Average 25%−50% reduction, good 50%−75% reduction, and excellent 75%−100% reduction. Patients who completed minimum of four to maximum of six sessions were included in the study. An excellent reduction in 80% of the treated patients and good reduction in 15% of treated patients was observed.ConclusionThis current study shows that a synergistic combination of three diode laser wavelengths used for hair removal is effective and safe to use in subjects of all skin types for facial and body hair and is an alternative in treatment of patients who responds poorly to diode wavelength.
Maladaptive Restrictive Food Choice Behavior in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Schröder Sabrina S. , Danner Unna N. , Steinglass Joanna , Foerde Karin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveIndividuals with anorexia nervosa persistently restrict their food intake while often severely underweight. This maladaptive food choice behavior and related decision‐making processes have mainly been investigated in adults. It is unknown whether the same decision‐making processes drive food choices in adolescents, given their more favorable treatment outcomes. This study investigated maladaptive food choice behavior in adolescents with AN and examined whether they display the same decision‐making processes as adults.MethodAdolescents with AN (n = 42) and age‐matched controls (n = 42) completed a computer‐based food choice task, rating food images for healthiness and tastiness before choosing between two food items.ResultsAdolescents with AN chose high‐fat foods less frequently than controls, with food choices more influenced by their perceived “healthiness” and less by their “tastiness” than they did among controls. Relative to controls, adolescents with AN also reported lower overall tastiness ratings and greater habit strength of restrictive eating, which was, however, not related to food choices.DiscussionAdolescents with AN display the same maladaptive food choice behavior as adults, namely the persistent restriction of high‐fat food choices. Their choices were more strongly influenced by the perceived healthiness of a food item, compared to the choices of controls.
Legitimacy in polycentric groundwater governance: Framework conditions identified in Nebraska's Natural Resource Districts
Authors: Jedd Theresa , Sixt Gregory N. , Schutz Anthony , Burbach Mark 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study considers how and why agricultural groundwater users would limit their own water consumption. We find that voluntary governance arrangements are based on a form of legitimacy that stems from informal social processes. Agricultural irrigation reform in Nebraska, U.S. took place after decades of collaboration in informal social settings; this background of decentralized rulemaking contributed to legitimizing extraction limits in times of water stress. The dimensions of social legitimacy are assessed through triangulation of interview data, integrated management plans, workshop facilitation, and recordings of legal proceedings related to the Natural Resources Districts in the state of Nebraska. These districts initially placed voluntary limits on extraction but evolved to sanction violators for over‐consumption. Groundwater rules are accepted because they are set by publicly elected boards, leaders participate in a state‐wide leadership training network, and the districts are granted rule‐making authority by the state. Our results show that voluntary self‐limiting behavior can form the basis for binding legal requirements. The legitimacy of polycentric governance stems from social acceptance, inclusive membership, a prior history of collaboration, and an understanding of rules. The rules themselves are context‐specific and self‐made. We summarize these elements in an evaluation framework to test whether and how authority in other polycentric groundwater governance arrangements is justified and accepted.
Preparation and quality evaluation of mixed fruit jam made from natural and artificial sweetener
Authors: Haroon Muhammad , Khan Imran , Ejaz Afaf , Afzaal Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Ehsan Maryam , Ahmed Faiyaz , Akram Noor , Hailu Gebremichael Gebremedhin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study nutritionally enriched apple and date jam was developed by replacing sugar with natural and artificial sweeteners stevia and sorbitol. Three different types of samples were prepared. Sample T1 was prepared by using stevia as a sweetener agent. Sample T2 was prepared by using sorbitol as a sweetener agent. Sample T3 was prepared by using a mixture of stevia and sorbitol as sweetener agents. Standard apple jam was used as a control sample labeled as T4 and was used for comparison analysis. The developed product was analyzed by physiochemical analysis and sensory evaluation. Microbial analysis was done to study the shelf life study of the developed product. The study showed that stevia and sorbitol could be used for jam preparation. Sample T3 also showed intermediate values of acidity and pH as 4.14 and 1.90, respectively, moreover, total soluble solids (TSS) was observed as 65.16 °Brix, T3 also showed an intermediate level of energy values. Sample T3 having sorbitol and stevia sweetener agents had the highest rate of overall acceptability. Storage studies of all samples show that with the passage of time all sensory characteristics of all treatments decreased.
The Study of Water Content on the Coal Loading Performance of Thin Coal Seam Shearer Drum by Discrete Element Method (DEM)
Authors: Gao Kuidong , Zhang Wenhe , Zhang Yuanjin , Xu Weipeng , Sun Liqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs the main component of thin coal seam shearers, the drum bears the functions of loading and cutting, and its performance has become an important factor restricting mining efficiency and production safety. In response to the problem of low efficiency in installing thin coal seam shearers, this paper uses the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to study the effects of loading methods, helical angle of drum, drum rotation speed, and particle water content on coal loading rate. Research has found that the coal loading performance of the ejection loading method is much higher than that of the pushing loading method. As the helical angle increases, the average loading rate increases. As the rotation speed increases, the loading rate of wet coal particles gradually decreases. During production and thin coal seam mining, special attentions should be paid to the control of helical angle of drum and drum rotation speed. This study has guiding importance for improving the efficiency of thin coal seam mining.
The Holistic Framework of Time for Warfare
Authors: Hiltunen Elina , Huhtinen Aki‐Mauri 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFuturists are, by definition, interested in the future. Futurists, therefore, work with time. But how does time manifest itself in various domains? The laws of nature, historical inventions and chain of events, international agreements, and cultural and religious beliefs affect the way we see and handle time. Time also appears in our bodies and cells, as we have biological clocks that keep time. The sense of time is affected by our senses, psychological situation, and for example by chemicals. This article continues the work of Virmajoki and Laakkonen and their concept: time‐need. Virmajoki and Laakkonen discuss time‐need in their article with a case study of railways. This article will focus on another practical example, warfare, and how time manifests itself in it. The article presents the holistic framework of time for warfare, with various levels of time that affect war and a soldier.
A Tale of Evolution of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) With Glimpses on Pre‐Suture Plate Margin Depositional History
Authors: Sharma A. , Chakraborty P. P. , Pandey A. K. , Das K. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTComprehending pre‐suture geological setting and post‐suture intricate tectono‐thermal chronicle in a crustal‐scale orogeny and discerning the temporal connections among different tectonic domains within an orogen yields valuable insights into worldwide tectonic phenomena leading to the reconstruction of paleogeographic configurations of fragmented crustal components within erstwhile supercontinents. Since the tectonic evolution of the Indian subcontinent during the Proterozoic remains a topic of discussion due to multiple controversial views, the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) offers a great archive for the protracted geological history of subduction, collision, and suturing of northern Indian cratonic blocks (NIC; composed of Bundelkhand and Aravalli cratons) and southern Indian cratonic blocks (SIC; composed of Bastar, Singhbhum, and Dharwar cratons). Events belonging to two Supercontinents namely, Columbia (ca. 2100 to 1800 Ma) and Rodinia (ca. 1200 to 900 Ma) are embedded within the geological history of CITZ, as it records multiple events that occurred between the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. In this backdrop, the present contribution attempts (i) the deconvolution of pre‐suture (pre‐CITZ formation) plate margin basin depositional history including tracking of detrital provenance, and (ii) a review of different stages of collision and suturing as the plate margin evolved in the form of an orogen subsequent to the closure of the basin. A back‐arc basin setup in a subduction margin is recommended for the Mahakoshal Basin which witnessed several tectonic pulses resulting in the formation of alluvial fans/fan deltas along the basin shoreline. It is suggested that the basin was open, at places, even after ca. 1700 Ma, and received sediments.
The Effect of the Continuous Care Model on Oral Health, Self‐Efficacy, and Self‐Care in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy: A Study Protocol for a Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Khosravi Zohre , Kiani Fatemeh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsHead and neck cancer, with its unique challenges, often involves radiotherapy as a primary treatment. This can lead to complications affecting patients’ well‐being. A continuous care model offers potential benefits, but its effectiveness requires validation through rigorous studies. This protocol aims to evaluate its impact on patients undergoing head and neck cancer radiotherapy, contributing to improved care strategies and well‐being.MethodsThe study is a double‐arm and parallel‐group quasi experimental study in which a 4‐week intervention will be compared with usual care. A total of 70 eligible patients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing radiotherapy will be recruited to the intervention or control group. The patients in the intervention group will receive a continues care model designed for head and neck cancer patients in four phases of Orientation, Sensitization, Control, and Evaluation. The primary outcomes include dental plaque and gingival index, which will be measured by an approved dentist using The Gingival and Quigley‐Hein index. The secondary outcomes are Oral hygiene self‐efficacy and Dental and Oral Health Self‐Care Behavior which will be assessed by the Oral and Dental Health Self‐Efficacy and Dental and Oral Health Self‐Care Behavior Questionnaires. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe variables. According to the types of variables, appropriate statistical tests, including two‐sample t‐tests, Χ2, analysis of covariance, or linear regression will be performed.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study aims to evaluate the impact of a continuous care model on head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Findings will contribute to enhancing care strategies and well‐being in this population.Ethics and DisseminationThe trial has been approved by the Research Ethics Committees of Zahedan University Of Medical Sciences. In this study, written consent will be obtained from all participants. The results will be presented to representative groups and published in peer‐reviewed journals.
Circulating tumor HPV DNA as a specific biomarker for cervical cancer
Authors: Chen Tao , Wu Tao , Sun Rumei , Sun Jianan , Tao Xuanran , Su Juming , Kong Shujun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether circulating tumor human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is a potential specific biomarker for cervical cancer (CC).MethodsThis retrospective matched study included 87 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 29 CC patients (FIGO IA1‐IVA) and 29 HPV‐negative controls at Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University (from July 2022 to September 2023). The digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) was used to detect and quantify ctHPV DNA in the plasma of patients with HPV16, 18, 33, 52, or 58‐associated CC.ResultsThe ctHPV DNA was exclusively detectable in HPV‐positive samples, with no detection in patients across various CIN stages (n = 87) or HPV‐negative controls (n = 29). Additionally, ctHPV DNA was identified in nine out of 10 late‐stage patients (90%) and six out of 19 early‐stage patients (31.6%).ConclusionThe ctHPV DNA serves as a specific biomarker for the diagnosis CC. Additionally, this discovery addresses the knowledge gap in ctHPV DNA research in the early stages of CC and promotes clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Effects of sprigging date and sprigging rate on establishment of two saltgrass lines
Authors: Wang Jiazhen , Wilhelm Sarah , Qian Yaling 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSaltgrass [Distichlis spicata var. stricta (L.) Greene], native to the western United States, is a dioecious, warm‐season halophyte. CO‐1 and AZCO‐1 are two elite inland saltgrass lines that have potential as a turfgrass and for revegetation use on saline sites. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the effect of sprigging date, sprigging rate, and sprig storage time on the establishment of CO‐1 and AZCO‐1 in the field and (ii) to determine the accumulative growing degree day (GDD) requirements for saltgrass to establish adequate coverage (≥75%). Sprigging dates were 22 May and 19 June. Saltgrass rhizomes (sprigs) were harvested from existing field plots. Harvested saltgrass sprigs were stored in sealed plastic bags and kept in temperature below 30°C for 1 or 2 days. Sprig storage time (1 or 2 days) did not affect establishment. Saltgrass sprigged in May established adequate coverage (≥75%) by the end of September at all the rates tested (18, 27, and 54 metric t ha−1). For plots sprigged in June, only the high and medium sprigging rates established adequate coverage (≥75%) by the end of September. Plots sprigged in June using the low rate (18 t ha−1) failed to establish adequate coverage by the end of September. Regression analysis predicted that a sprigging rate of 23 t ha−1 was needed to achieve ≥75% coverage by the end of September for plots sprigged in June. The accumulated GDD to achieve adequate coverage was 1531 and 1703 for 54 and 27 t ha−1 sprigging rates, respectively.