bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic fields from indoor transformer stations and risk of cancer in adults: a cohort study
Authors: Juutilainen Jukka , Khan Muhammad Waseem , Naarala Jonne , Roivainen Päivi 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesStudies assessing the association of adult cancers with extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) have provided inconclusive results, probably affected by limitations such as low exposure levels, confounding and various forms of bias. This study investigated the association between residential ELF MF exposure and adult cancer using a design that avoids the main limitations of previous studies.MethodsPersons who have lived in buildings with indoor transformer stations during the period 1971–2016 formed the study cohort. Their MF exposure was assessed based on the location of their apartment in relation to the transformer room. Information on their cancer diagnoses was obtained from the Finnish Cancer Registry. SIR with 95% CI was calculated to investigate the association of MF exposure with overall cancer and specific cancers.ResultsThe SIR for all primary sites was 1.01 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.09). An increased risk of digestive organ cancers was observed among the exposed persons, with a SIR of 1.23 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.46). The highest SIR was observed for gallbladder cancer (3.92, 95% CI 1.44 to 8.69). Increased risk of testicular cancer was observed among men exposed to MF during childhood, but this is likely to be due to confounding associated with living on the lowest floors. No other significant associations were observed for other primary cancer sites studied.ConclusionsOverall cancer risk was not affected by residential MF exposure. The increased risk of digestive organ cancers among MF-exposed persons is a novel finding requiring confirmation in further studies.
Microbial exposure during recycling of domestic waste: a cross-sectional study of composition and associations with inflammatory markers
Authors: Hansen Karoline Kærgaard , Rasmussen Pil , Schlünssen Vivi , Broberg Karin , Østergaard Kirsten , Tranchant Emma Enshelm , Sigsgaard Torben , Kolstad Henrik A , Madsen Anne Mette 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate (1) the microbial community composition by work characteristics and (2) the association between microbial genera level and inflammatory markers among recycling workers.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, inhalable dust was collected with personal samplers from 49 production (86 samples) and 10 administrative workers (15 samples). Four groups of micro-organisms were identified down to species-level (aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and fungi grown at 25°C and 37°C). Inflammatory markers were measured in serum collected at the end of the work shift. Microbial community composition was investigated using redundancy analysis and heatmaps. Associations between the most prevalent microbial genera and inflammatory markers were explored by mixed-effects regression.ResultsCommunity composition of all groups of micro-organisms except fungi (37°C) differed between production and administrative workers and by type of waste and season among the production workers. Overall,Bacillus,Staphylococcus,AspergillusandPenicilliumwere the most prevalent genera. CC16 concentrations increased withPenicilliumgenus level, C reactive protein and serum amyloid A withStaphylococcus, interleukin 2 (IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor withBacillus, and IL-8 withAspergillus. IL-1B decreased withStaphylococcusgenus level. Remaining analyses showed no statistically significant associations between microbial genera level and inflammatory markers.ConclusionsRecycling workers are exposed to different compositions of microbial species than administrative workers depending on the type of waste handled and season. Specific systemic inflammatory effects were suggested for a limited number of microbial genera that need to be corroborated by future studies.
Composition of cardiac troponin release differs after marathon running and myocardial infarction
Authors: Airaksinen K E Juhani , Paana Tuomas , Vasankari Tuija , Salonen Selma , Tuominen Tuulia , Linko-Parvinen Anna , Pallari Hanna-Mari , Hellman Tapio , Teppo Konsta , Heinonen Olli J , Jaakkola Samuli , Wittfooth Saara 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesElevations of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels are common after strenuous exercise. We assessed whether the composition of cTnT release after marathon race differs from that of acute myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsTroponin composition was analysed in plasma samples taken from 45 runners after marathon race and from 84 patients with type 1 MI. The concentration of long cTnT (intact and mildly fragmented cTnT) was measured with a novel upconversion luminescence immunoassay, total cTnT with a commercial high-sensitivity cTnT assay, and the ratio of long to total cTnT (troponin ratio) was determined as a measure of troponin fragmentation.ResultsTotal cTnT exceeded the upper reference limit (>14 ng/L) in 37 (82%) runners. Troponin ratio was lower in runners ((IQR) 0.17 (0.11–0.24) vs 0.62 (0.29–0.96), p<0.001). With increasing troponin release the troponin ratio decreased (r=−0.497, p<0.001) in marathon runners and the concentration of long cTnT remained in all runners below 8.4 ng/L. In contrast to marathon runners, troponin ratio increased (r=0.565, p<0.001) with the increase of cTnT release in patients with MI. The median total and long cTnT concentrations were lower in marathon runners than in patients with MI (25 ng/L vs 835 ng/L and 4.1 vs 385 ng/L, p<0.001 for both).ConclusionIn contrast to type 1 MI, only a small fraction of circulating cTnT exists as intact cTnT or long molecular forms after strenuous exercise and the difference in troponin composition is more pronounced in runners with higher troponin release.Trial registration numberNCT06000930.
Arthritis progressors have a decreased frequency of circulating autoreactive T cells during the at-risk phase of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Turcinov Sara , Sharma Ravi Kumar , De Vries Charlotte , Cîrciumaru Alexandra , Gerstner Christina , Mathsson-Alm Linda , Raposo Bruno , Dubnovitsky Anatoly , Rönnblom Lars , Kwok William W , Chemin Karine , Malmström Vivianne , Hensvold Aase 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to combine deep T cell phenotyping with assessment of citrulline-reactive CD4+T cells in the pre-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) phase.Methods20 anti-CCP2 positive individuals (HLA-DRB1*04:01) presenting musculoskeletal complaints without clinical or ultrasound signs of synovitis; 10 arthritis progressors and 10 matched non-arthritis progressors were included. Longitudinal samples (1–3 time points) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed using HLA-class II tetramers with 12 different citrullinated candidate autoantigens combined in a >20-colour spectral flow cytometry panel.ResultsThe baseline CD4+T cell phenotype was similar between individuals who progressed to arthritis (ie, in the pre-RA phase) and the non-progressors, when studying markers associated with Th1, Th17, T-peripheral and T-regulatory cells as well as with T-cell activation. Citrulline-reactive CD4+T cells were present in both groups but at significantly lower frequency in the progressor group. CD4+T cells specific for citrullinated tenascin-C were the most frequently observed among the progressors, and their frequencies diminished during follow-up that is, closer to arthritis onset. Notably, PD-1 and CD95 expression on the memory cit-tenascin-C-specific T cells in this group indicated repeated antigen exposure.ConclusionsOur data lend support to citrullinated tenascin-C as an interesting T cell antigen in RA. Moreover, lower frequency of circulating citrulline-specific cells in arthritis progressing individuals suggest an initiated homing of these cells to the joints and/or their associated lymph nodes in the pre-RA phase and a possible window of opportunity for therapeutic preventive interventions.
Potential new treatment for inferior vena cava injury using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation applying flow diversion effect
Authors: Maruhashi Takaaki , Saku Keita , Maruki Hideo , Oi Marina , Asari Yasushi 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundRetrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries remain among the most lethal and serious liver injuries. Gauze packing is currently the first choice for IVC injuries; however, laparotomy itself poses the risk of circulatory collapse. Thus, less invasive treatment strategies are needed.MethodsIn this study, we conducted an animal experiment to replicate and validate successful treatments for an actual case of retrohepatic IVC injury that we had encountered.ResultsA woman in her 80s presented to our hospital due to cardiac arrest caused by a pulmonary artery embolism. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was introduced, and the patient was resuscitated. After resuscitation, contrast-enhanced CT revealed liver and retrohepatic IVC injuries, possibly caused by chest compressions. Liver injury was treated using transarterial embolization of the left hepatic artery. To treat the retrohepatic IVC injury, ECMO flow was increased to enhance the negative drainage pressure. The extravasation of the contrast medium had resolved in IVC angiography, and we opted for nonoperative management. The patient’s hemodynamic status gradually stabilized, and ECMO was withdrawn on day 6. We confirmed these findings in a dog model of retrohepatic IVC injury.ConclusionsOur findings from the patient and the animal model suggest that the flow diversion effect of ECMO can effectively manage active bleeding from the IVC by inserting a drainage cannula across the injured lesion. We think this procedure represents a novel treatment option for retrohepatic IVC injuries.
Synthetic data generation with hybrid quantum-classical models for the financial sector
Authors: Pires Otto M. , Nooblath Mauro Q. , Silva Yan Alef C. , da Silva Maria Heloísa F. , Galvão Lucas Q. , Albino Anton S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Data integrity and privacy are critical concerns in the financial sector. Traditional methods of data collection face challenges due to privacy regulations and time-consuming anonymization processes. In collaboration with Banco BV, we trained a hybrid quantum-classical generative adversarial network (HQGAN), where a quantum circuit serves as the generator and a classical neural network acts as the discriminator, to generate synthetic financial data efficiently and securely. We compared our proposed HQGAN model with a fully classical GAN by evaluating loss convergence and the MSE distance between the synthetic and real data. Although initially promising, our evaluation revealed that HQGAN failed to achieve the necessary accuracy to understand the intricate patterns in financial data. This outcome underscores the current limitations of quantum-inspired methods in handling the complexities of financial datasets.

Graphical abstract
Constraints on self-interaction cross-sections of dark matter in universal bound states from direct detection
Authors: Angloher G. , Banik S. , Benato G. , Bento A. , Bertolini A. , Breier R. , Bucci C. , Burkhart J. , Cipelli E. , Canonica L. , D’Addabbo A. , Di Lorenzo S. , Einfalt L. , Erb A. , Feilitzsch F. v. , Fichtinger S. , Fuchs D. , Garai A. , Ghete V. M. , Gorla P. , Guillaumon P. V. , Gupta S. , Hauff D. , Ješkovský M. , Jochum J. , Kaznacheeva M. , Kinast A. , Kuckuk S. , Kluck H. , Kraus H. , Langenkämper A. , Mancuso M. , Marini L. , Mauri B. , Meyer L. , Mokina V. , Olmi M. , Ortmann T. , Pagliarone C. , Pattavina L. , Petricca F. , Potzel W. , Povinec P. , Pröbst F. , Pucci F. , Reindl F. , Rothe J. , Schäffner K. , Schieck J. , Schönert S. , Schwertner C. , Stahlberg M. , Stodolsky L. , Strandhagen C. , Strauss R. , Usherov I. , Wagner F. , Wagner V. , Zema V. ,   CRESST Collaboration
Published: November 2024

Abstract$$\varLambda $$
Λ
-Cold Dark Matter ($$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM) has been successful at explaining the large-scale structures in the universe but faces severe issues on smaller scales when compared to observations. Introducing self-interactions between dark matter particles claims to provide a solution to the small-scale issues in the $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM simulations while being consistent with the observations at large scales. The existence of the energy region in which these self-interactions between dark matter particles come close to saturating the S-wave unitarity bound can result in the formation of dark matter bound states called darkonium. In this scenario, all the low energy scattering properties are determined by a single parameter, the inverse scattering length $$\gamma $$
γ
. In this work, we set bounds on $$\gamma $$
γ
by studying the impact of darkonium on the observations at direct detection experiments using data from CRESST-III and XENON1T. The exclusion limits on $$\gamma $$
γ
are then subsequently converted to exclusion limits on the self-interaction cross-section and compared with the constraints from astrophysics and N-body simulations.
Gravitational waves from axion wave production
Authors: Li Mingqiu , Sun Sichun , Yan Qi-Shu , Zhao Zhijie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe consider a scenario with axions/axion-like particles Chern–Simons gravity coupling, such that gravitational waves can be produced directly from axion wave parametric resonance in the early universe after inflation. This axion gravity term is less constrained compared to the well-searched axion photon coupling and can provide a direct and efficient production channel for gravitational waves. Such stochastic gravitational waves can be detected by either space/ground-based gravitational wave detectors or pulsar timing arrays for a broad range of axion masses and decay constants.
Is a photon ring invariably a closed structure?
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Wang Xiaobao , Zhang Hai-Qing , Guo Minyong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the image of a rotating compact object (CO) illuminated by a geometrically thin, optically thin disk on the equatorial plane. As the radius of the CO’s surface fluctuates, the CO may partially or entirely obscure the photon region. We observe that the perceived photon ring may exhibit discontinuities, deviating from a closed structure, and may even disappear entirely. We find that the disruption and disappearance of the photon ring are dependent on the observational angle-a novel phenomenon not previously observed in black hole imaging studies. Our study reveals that while the factors influencing this unique photon ring phenomenon are diverse and the outcomes complex, we can provide a clear and comprehensive explanation of the physical essence and variation trends of this phenomenon. We do this by introducing and analyzing the properties and interrelationships of three characteristic functions, $$\tilde{\eta }$$

η
~

, $$\eta _o$$

η
o

, and $$\eta _s$$

η
s

related to the photon impact parameters. Additionally, our analysis of the intensity cuts and inner shadows of the images uncovers patterns that differ significantly from the shadow curve.
Tripartite measurement uncertainty in Schwarzschild space-time
Authors: Dolatkhah Hazhir , Czerwinski Artur , Ali Asad , Al-Kuwari Saif , Haddadi Saeed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe effect of Hawking radiation on tripartite measurement uncertainty in a Schwarzschild black hole background is analyzed in this study. Two scenarios are examined. In the first, quantum memory particles approach a Schwarzschild black hole and are positioned near the event horizon, while the particle being measured remains in the asymptotically flat region. In the second scenario, the measured particle moves toward the black hole, and the quantum memories stay in the asymptotically flat region. This study considers two initial quantum states, namely GHZ and W states. Our findings reveal that in both cases, measurement uncertainty increases steadily with rising Hawking temperature. When comparing the GHZ and W states, the GHZ state initially exhibits lower measurement uncertainty at low Hawking temperatures than the W state, indicating greater resilience to Hawking radiation. Additionally, when the quantum memories remain in the asymptotically flat region while the measured particle falls toward the black hole, the uncertainties for GHZ and W states do not align at high temperatures. The GHZ state consistently demonstrates lower measurement uncertainty, showcasing its superior robustness against Hawking radiation.
Effectiveness and Feasibility of Nonpharmacological Interventions for People With Parkinson’s Disease and Cognitive Impairment on Patient‐Centred Outcomes
Authors: Pigott Jennifer S. , Armstrong Megan , Tabassum Nujhat , Davies Nathan , Schrag Anette 
Published: November 2024

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but has limited treatment options. Medication has shown some benefits but accompanied by risk of adverse events. We aimed to investigate effectiveness and feasibility of nonpharmacological interventions for people with PD and cognitive impairment on patient‐centred outcomes.Methods: Systematic searches of five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) were performed for studies evaluating nonpharmacological interventions for people with PD and cognitive impairment, reporting health‐related quality of life, function (activities of daily living) or wellbeing outcomes, published up to 15 May 2023. Two reviewers independently assessed full‐text articles and one reviewer extracted data, with a second reviewer reliability checking all data extraction. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were synthesised through meta‐analysis using a random‐effects meta‐analysis with restricted maximum likelihood method pooled estimate and observational studies through narrative synthesis.Results: Eleven RCTs and three noncontrolled studies were included, studying a range of interventions: cognitive training, cognitive stimulation, cognitive rehabilitation, physical and cognitive exercise, goal management training, psychoeducation with mindfulness, broader rehabilitation programs and a psychological intervention. Feasibility was demonstrated. The majority showed effectiveness for their primary outcome. Meta‐analysis showed no significant improvement in HrQoL (seven RCTs: pooled effect, standardised mean difference, −0.20 [−0.57−0.18]) or function (four RCTs: 0.08 [−0.36, 0.52]), and wellbeing measurement was infrequent and indirect. Quality of evidence was judged as very low, limiting the conclusions drawn.Conclusion: Whilst nonpharmacological trials for cognitive impairment in PD have shown promise, we found no evidence of effectiveness on HrQoL, function or wellbeing. However, this is based on very low‐quality evidence from a small number of diverse studies, not powered for these outcomes. Feasibility of a range of interventions has been demonstrated in both PD‐mild cognitive impairment and PD‐dementia. There is a need for more robust, adequately powered studies.
Staphylococcus aureus Dissemination Presenting With Encephalopathy and Epidural Abscess
Authors: Sundar Das Dhriti , Dey Anupam , Das Gurudip , Naik Suprava 
Published: November 2024

Background: Staphylococcal infection is a common bacterial disease with common clinical features. Untreated infection, especially in immunosenescence cases, can affect other organs. This can lead to multiorgan dysfunction and cause increased morbidity and mortality. Unlike commonly presented features of pneumonia, dissemination of infection can pose diagnostic and therapeutic enigma. Therefore, any such presentation in common clinical practice can yield a conundrum of diagnoses.Case Report: A 69‐year‐old elderly male presented to the Emergency Department with acute onset encephalopathy. Historically, cues were limited, and evaluation was negated for acute cerebrovascular event or seizure. Laboratory findings were suggestive of a severe sepsis. While clinical medicine workup and diagnostic dilemma were ongoing, possible sources of the sepsis were thoroughly sought including range of infectious causes. This patient’s presentation was one of its kind: staphylococcal bacteremia seeding to cause pneumonia and unusual epidural abscess in due course of illness.Conclusion: The health outcome of the critically ill especially elderly patients depends mostly on the importance of clinical medicine to address the diagnostic enigma and virtue of supportive care delivered. Staphylococcus aureus infections are capable of developing distant infectious foci, as highlighted in this case, and that the clinician should be alert to this possibility. This particular case firmly posits an admonition for clinicians and the importance of clinical medicine for critical reasoning to improve the patient outcome.
Resenha de Almeida Napoleão Mendes de Gramática Latina. 2024. Rio de Janeiro: CDB.
Authors: Vasconcellos Paulo Sérgio de 
Published: November 2024

I offer in this text a review of Napoleão Mendes de Almeida's "Latin grammar", reprinted in 2024. I think that one of the social activities of classicists if to analyse critically didatic material that is on the market in order to contribute to its improvement in next reeditions. In this process, a critical review may help self-taught people and beginners in the learning of Latin language by providing them significant information about a book that is a well-kown editorial success,
Mavacamten in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Referred for Septal Reduction: Week 128 Results from VALOR-HCM
Authors: Desai Milind Y. , Wolski Kathy , Owens Anjali , Geske Jeffrey B. , Saberi Sara , Wang Andrew , Sherrid Mark , Cremer Paul C. , Lakdawala Neal K. , Tower-Rader Albree , Fermin David , Naidu Srihari S. , Smedira Nicholas G. , Schaff Hartzell , Gong Zhiqun , Mudarris Lana , Lampl Kathy , Sehnert Amy J. , Nissen Steven E. 
Published: November 2024

Background: In severely symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), VALOR-HCM trial (Study to Evaluate Mavacamten in Adults With Symptomatic Obstructive HCM Who Are Eligible for Septal Reduction Therapy [URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04349072]) reported that mavacamten reduced the short-term need for septal reduction therapy (SRT). The current report examined the longer-term effect of mavacamten through end of treatment at week 128.
Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial at 19 sites in the United States included symptomatic obstructive HCM patients referred for SRT (enrollment July 2020 through October 2021). The group initially randomized to mavacamten continued the drug for 128 weeks and the placebo to mavacamten group from week 16 to 128 (112-week exposure). Dose titrations were performed using echocardiographic left ventricular outflow tract gradient and left ventricular ejection fraction measurements. The principal end point was proportion of patients proceeding with SRT or remaining guideline-eligible at week 128.
Results: At week 128, 17 of 108 (15.7%) patients in the total study sample met the composite end point (7 underwent SRT, 1 was SRT-eligible, and 9 SRT-status unevaluable). Additionally, 87 of 108 (80.5%) patients demonstrated ≥1 New York Heart Association class improvement by week 128, and 52 of 108 (48.1%) demonstrated ≥2, with a sustained reduction in resting and Valsalva left ventricular outflow tract gradients of 38.2 mm Hg and 59.4 mm Hg, respectively. Ninety-five of 108 (88%) patients transitioned to commercial mavacamten. Overall, 15 of 108 (13.8%) patients (5.41 per 100 patient-years) had an left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (2 with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤30%; 1 death). Of these, 12 of 15 (80%) continued treatment. New-onset atrial fibrillation occurred in 11 (10.2%) patients (4.55 per 100 patient-years).
Conclusions: In severely symptomatic obstructive HCM patients, sustained freedom from SRT was observed at 128 weeks, with nearly 90% patients remaining on long-term mavacamten.