bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher Absolute Lymphocyte Counts Predict Lower Mortality from Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Afghahi Anosheh , Purington Natasha , Han Summer S. , Desai Manisha , Pierson Emma , Mathur Maya B. , Seto Tina , Thompson Caroline A. , Rigdon Joseph , Telli Melinda L. , Badve Sunil S. , Curtis Christina N. , West Robert B. , Horst Kathleen , Gomez Scarlett L. , Ford James M. , Sledge George W. , Kurian Allison W. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in pretreatment biopsies are associated with improved survival in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We investigated whether higher peripheral lymphocyte counts are associated with lower breast cancer–specific mortality (BCM) and overall mortality (OM) in TNBC.
Experimental Design: Data on treatments and diagnostic tests from electronic medical records of two health care systems were linked with demographic, clinical, pathologic, and mortality data from the California Cancer Registry. Multivariable regression models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, cancer stage, grade, neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy use, radiotherapy use, and germline BRCA1/2 mutations were used to evaluate associations between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), BCM, and OM. For a subgroup with TIL data available, we explored the relationship between TILs and peripheral lymphocyte counts.
Results: A total of 1,463 stage I–III TNBC patients were diagnosed from 2000 to 2014; 1,113 (76%) received neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy within 1 year of diagnosis. Of 759 patients with available ALC data, 481 (63.4%) were ever lymphopenic (minimum ALC &lt;1.0 K/μL). On multivariable analysis, higher minimum ALC, but not absolute neutrophil count, predicted lower OM [HR = 0.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16–0.35] and BCM (HR = 0.19; CI, 0.11–0.34). Five-year probability of BCM was 15% for patients who were ever lymphopenic versus 4% for those who were not. An exploratory analysis (n = 70) showed a significant association between TILs and higher peripheral lymphocyte counts during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Conclusions: Higher peripheral lymphocyte counts predicted lower mortality from early-stage, potentially curable TNBC, suggesting that immune function may enhance the effectiveness of early TNBC treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2851–8. ©2018 AACR.
ER+ Breast Cancers Resistant to Prolonged Neoadjuvant Letrozole Exhibit an E2F4 Transcriptional Program Sensitive to CDK4/6 Inhibitors
Authors: Guerrero-Zotano Angel L. , Stricker Thomas P. , Formisano Luigi , Hutchinson Katherine E. , Stover Daniel G. , Lee Kyung-Min , Schwarz Luis J. , Giltnane Jennifer M. , Estrada Monica V. , Jansen Valerie M. , Servetto Alberto , Gavilá Joaquín , Perez-Fidalgo J. Alejandro , Lluch Ana , Llombart-Cussac Antonio , Bayar Mohamed Amine , Michiels Stefan , André Fabrice , Arnedos Mónica , Guillem Vicente , Ruiz-Simon Amparo , Arteaga Carlos L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurpose: This study aimed to identify biomarkers of resistance to endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancers treated with prolonged neoadjuvant letrozole.Experimental Design: We performed targeted DNA and RNA sequencing in 68 ER+ breast cancers from patients treated with preoperative letrozole (median, 7 months).Results: Twenty-four tumors (35%) exhibited a PEPI score ≥4 and/or recurred after a median of 58 months and were considered endocrine resistant. Integration of the 47 most upregulated genes (log FC &gt; 1, FDR &lt; 0.03) in letrozole-resistant tumors with transcription-binding data showed significant overlap with 20 E2F4-regulated genes (P = 2.56E−15). In patients treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib before surgery, treatment significantly decreased expression of 24 of the 47 most upregulated genes in letrozole-resistant tumors, including 18 of the 20 E2F4 target genes. In long-term estrogen-deprived ER+ breast cancer cells, palbociclib also downregulated all 20 E2F4 target genes and P-RB levels, whereas the ER downregulator fulvestrant or paclitaxel only partially suppressed expression of this set of genes and had no effect on P-RB. Finally, an E2F4 activation signature was strongly associated with resistance to aromatase inhibitors in the ACOSOG Z1031B neoadjuvant trial and with an increased risk of relapse in adjuvant-treated ER+ tumors in METABRIC.Conclusions: In tumors resistant to prolonged neoadjuvant letrozole, we identified a gene expression signature of E2F4 target activation. CDK4/6 inhibition suppressed E2F4 target gene expression in estrogen-deprived ER+ breast cancer cells and in patients' ER+ tumors, suggesting a potential benefit of adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with ER+ breast cancer who fail to respond to preoperative estrogen deprivation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2517–29. ©2018 AACR.
Data Analysis Strategies in Medical Imaging
Authors: Parmar Chintan , Barry Joseph D. , Hosny Ahmed , Quackenbush John , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRadiographic imaging continues to be one of the most effective and clinically useful tools within oncology. Sophistication of artificial intelligence has allowed for detailed quantification of radiographic characteristics of tissues using predefined engineered algorithms or deep learning methods. Precedents in radiology as well as a wealth of research studies hint at the clinical relevance of these characteristics. However, critical challenges are associated with the analysis of medical imaging data. Although some of these challenges are specific to the imaging field, many others like reproducibility and batch effects are generic and have already been addressed in other quantitative fields such as genomics. Here, we identify these pitfalls and provide recommendations for analysis strategies of medical imaging data, including data normalization, development of robust models, and rigorous statistical analyses. Adhering to these recommendations will not only improve analysis quality but also enhance precision medicine by allowing better integration of imaging data with other biomedical data sources. Clin Cancer Res; 24(15); 3492–9. ©2018 AACR.
Identification of Pik3ca Mutation as a Genetic Driver of Prostate Cancer That Cooperates with Pten Loss to Accelerate Progression and Castration-Resistant Growth
Authors: Pearson Helen B. , Li Jason , Meniel Valerie S. , Fennell Christina M. , Waring Paul , Montgomery Karen G. , Rebello Richard J. , Macpherson Arthi A. , Koushyar Sarah , Furic Luc , Cullinane Carleen , Clarkson Richard W. , Smalley Matthew J. , Simpson Kaylene J. , Phesse Toby J. , Shepherd Peter R. , Humbert Patrick O. , Sansom Owen J. , Phillips Wayne A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Genetic alterations that potentiate PI3K signaling are frequent in prostate cancer, yet how different genetic drivers of the PI3K cascade contribute to prostate cancer is unclear. Here, we report PIK3CA mutation/amplification correlates with poor survival of patients with prostate cancer. To interrogate the requirement of different PI3K genetic drivers in prostate cancer, we employed a genetic approach to mutate Pik3ca in mouse prostate epithelium. We show Pik3caH1047R mutation causes p110α-dependent invasive prostate carcinoma in vivo. Furthermore, we report that PIK3CA mutation and PTEN loss coexist in patients with prostate cancer and can cooperate in vivo to accelerate disease progression via AKT–mTORC1/2 hyperactivation. Contrasting single mutants that slowly acquire castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), concomitant Pik3ca mutation and Pten loss caused de novo CRPC. Thus, Pik3ca mutation and Pten deletion are not functionally redundant. Our findings indicate that PIK3CA mutation is an attractive prognostic indicator for prostate cancer that may cooperate with PTEN loss to facilitate CRPC in patients.
Significance: We show PIK3CA mutation correlates with poor prostate cancer prognosis and causes prostate cancer in mice. Moreover, PIK3CA mutation and PTEN loss coexist in prostate cancer and can cooperate in vivo to accelerate tumorigenesis and facilitate CRPC. Delineating this synergistic relationship may present new therapeutic/prognostic approaches to overcome castration/PI3K–AKT–mTORC1/2 inhibitor resistance. Cancer Discov; 8(6); 764–79. ©2018 AACR.
See related commentary by Triscott and Rubin, p. 682.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 663
A questão social da fluoretação das águas e a efetivação do direito à saúde
Authors: Sousa Emerson Tavares de , Pinheiro Yago Tavares , Araújo Jaiza Samara Macena de , Araújo Jailton Macena de 
Published: March 2018

A ampliação do conceito de saúde, historicamente acompanhado pelo contexto mundial de globalização da cultura de respeito e proteção dos direitos humanos, influenciou de forma significativa a criação e implementação de dispositivos jurídicos visando à garantia da seguridade social em todos os níveis como condição sine qua non para qualidade de vida e dignidade das pessoas. Nesse sentua ido, este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir as interfaces do direito que alicerçam a fluoretação das águas em território nacional como mecanismo básico essencial para a promoção de saúde bucal integral, universal e plena.
Responsabilidade penal de pais Testemunhas de Jeová por recusa de tratamento médico em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Dias Eduardo Rocha , Norões Mariane Paiva 
Published: March 2018

Examina-se, neste estudo, decisão da Sexta Turma do Superior Tribunal de Justiça no Habeas Corpus n. 268.459/SP, proferida em 02 de setembro de 2014, que discutiu a responsabilidade penal dos pais por recusa de transfusão sanguínea em paciente menor de idade. A metodologia utilizada foi do tipo documental-bibliográfico, com pesquisa pura de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. O referido habeas corpus aborda o caso de uma adolescente de 13 anos, que deu entrada no hospital em virtude de grave estado de saúde provocado por anemia falciforme. O quadro clínico da paciente exigia, com urgência, transfusão de sangue para salvaguardar sua vida. Todavia, seus pais, por razão de convicção religiosa da seita Testemunhas de Jeová, assinaram declaração recusando o referido tratamento, dando, assim, ensejo ao óbito da menor impúbere. O fato gerou precedente judicial no STJ, permitindo ao médico fazer a transfusão de sangue sempre que o paciente menor de idade estiver em iminente perigo de morte, independentemente da escolha religiosa de seus representantes legais. lui-se queo caso no Habeas Corpus n. 268.459/SP é marcado por uma colisão entre o direito à vida dacriança e do adolescente e o direito à liberdade de consciência e de crença dos pais, que foiponderada pela Sexta Turma do STJ.
Percepções acerca da responsabilidade civil do psiquiatra por erro de diagnóstico na internação compulsória
Authors: Aronne Ricardo , Monteiro Fabio de Holanda 
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma abordagem sobre responsabilidade civil do psiquiatra por erro de diagnóstico na internação compulsória. Ainda que o internamento compulsório seja determinado por ordem judicial, não se deve desconsiderar que o mesmo ''exige laudo médico devidamente motivado. O diagnóstico que serve de base para a decisão judicial deve ser sério e minucioso, a fim de que possa ser não somente o indicador do transtorno mental que acomete o indivíduo, mas também para que possa apontar o tratamento mais adequado, principalmente se houver indicação de internação.
Avaliação da propaganda de medicamentos isentos de prescrição em farmácias comunitárias do Município de Niterói (RJ, Brasil)
Authors: Silva Patricky Santos , Rangel Brena da Costa Campos , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de 
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho trata-se de estudo transversal para coleta e análise do cumprimento da legislação sanitária em peças de propaganda de medicamentos de venda livre, destinadas aos consumidores, veiculadas em farmácias e drogarias privadas no município de Niterói. Das 826 peças publicitárias de medicamentos coletadas em 80 farmácias, 379 eram inéditas; aproximadamente 99,5% das peças apresentaram algum tipo de irregularidade frente à RDC n. 96/2008, com média de 5,1 infrações por peça analisada, sendo 16 o número máximo de infrações observadas em uma única peça. Os resultados apontam para o risco que o atual panorama da propaganda de medicamentos no país oferece à população, diariamente exposta a essa fonte de (des)informação, e para a necessidade de uma fiscalização mais efetiva da propaganda de medicamentos direcionada a público leigo.
O direito à água e saúde pública
Authors: Ribeiro Wladimir António 
Published: March 2018

O "Tema em Debate" desta edição da Revista de Direito Sanitário trata do direito à água e saúde pública. São três artigos, os dois primeiros analisam a fluoretação da água e, o último, a gestão dos recursos hídricos. Como veremos, há um fio de Ariadne que os une: o tema da democracia, ou a política como mediadora dos conflitos sociais por meio do direito e de si mesma.
<b>The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a review of published records and museum specimens with conservation notes</b>
Authors: Judas J. , Csorba Gabor , Benda Petr 
Published: March 2018

The bat fauna of United Arab Emirates (UAE) has so far received very little attention. This paper presents a review of published records and voucher specimens in museum collections. We reviewed 39 references and identified 116 records concerning nine species belonging to five families. Fifteen of these records mention 71 specimens of six species in collections. Distribution maps of known locations are provided for each species. Most records (70%) date back more than 10 years and two species have not been recorded for more than 40 years. Based on the bat fauna of Oman, a more thoroughly investigated neighbouring country, the presence of at least nine other, still unrecorded, species is expected. The status of bats in UAE and their conservation concerns are discussed. We encourage further field studies of the bat fauna of UAE.
<b>Fish diversity and the conservation status of a wetland of Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India</b>
Authors: Das Ram Krishna 
Published: March 2018

A study was carried out from March 2016 to February 2017 to investigate the diversity of fishes and the conservation status of Bochamari Beel, a natural wetland of Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India. The study revealed the occurrence of 40 species of fishes belonging to 31 genera under six orders and 15 families. Cyprinidae was the dominant family with 14 species followed by Channidae with four species, Ambassidae and Bagridae with three species each, Nandidae, Mastacembelidae, Belontiidae, Siluridae and Clariidae with two species each whereas Cobitidae, Belonidae, Gobiidae, Anabantidae, Tetraodontidae and Notopteridae were represented by a single species each. The status of species of this beel included one Endangered species, one Vulnerable species and four Near Threatened species. The maximum fish diversity was recorded in the monsoon season (H’=2.876) as compared with pre monsoon (H’=2.124) and post monsoon (H’ =1.735). The evenness index varied from 0.640 (post monsoon) to 0.822 (monsoon), which indicates uneven distribution of fishes in this beel. Indiscriminate fishing throughout the year, along with extensive weed infestation could be responsible for depletion of fish diversity in this beel.
<b>Five new additions to the grass flora of Tripura State, India</b>
Authors: Ghosh Sampa , Bhattacharyya Debjyoti 
Published: March 2018

Five species of grasses (Poaceae) viz., Acroceras munroanum (Balansa) Henrard, Cyrtococcum patens var. latifolium (Honda) Ohwi, Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees, Panicum maximum Jacq. and Pseudechinolaena polystachya (Kunth) Stapf are reported here for the first time as new records for the state Tripura, India.
<b>Breeding behaviour of the Coromandel Marsh Dart Damselfly (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae: <I>Ceriagrion coromandelianum</I> (Fabricius)) in central India</b>
Authors: Thaokar Nilesh R. , Verma Payal R. , Andrew Raymond J. 
Published: March 2018

Ceriagrion coromandelianum (Fabricius) is one of the most common damselflies in the Indian subcontinent. It flies among bushes and breeds in stagnant pools, small garden tanks, tubs and ornamental cement ponds containing submerged and/or floating vegetation. The oviposition behaviour of C. coromandelianum was observed at the botanical garden of Hislop College, Nagpur, India, where small underground cement tubs are utilized to grow macrophytes. C. coromandelianum displays a refined hierarchy of preferences for oviposition and chooses floating leaves of Nymphaea nouchali (69%) over Lemna paucicostata (23%) and submerged Hydrilla verticillata (8%). In an uninterrupted oviposition bout, the female deposits 283 eggs in 16 rows (N=5) on the under surface of the N. nouchali leaf. The tiny leaves of L. paucicostata holds 7.8 eggs in 4.8 rows (N=10). In H. verticillata, the internode region of the stem can house 25.4 eggs (N=10). One or two eggs are also found neatly inserted in the thin leaf base of H. verticillata. Decaying plant material is never used for oviposition. The present investigation also clearly demonstrates that the choice of oviposition substrate not only depends upon the presence of aquatic species in the water body but also on the spatial location of the oviposition site.
<b>The status of Nepal’s mammals</b>
Authors: Amin Rajan , Baral Hem Sagar , Lamichhane Babu Ram , Poudyal Laxman Prasad , Lee Samantha , Jnawali Shant Raj , Acharya Krishna Prasad , Upadhyaya Gopal Prasad , Pandey Megh Bahadur , Shrestha Rinjan , Joshi Dipesh , Griffiths Janine , Khatiwada Ambika Prasad , Subedi Naresh 
Published: March 2018

The main objectives of the Nepal National Mammal Red Data Book (RDB) were to provide comprehensive and up-to-date accounts of 212 mammal species recorded in Nepal, assess their status applying the IUCN Guidelines at Regional Levels, identify threats and recommend the most practical measures for their conservation. It is hoped that the Mammal RDB will help Nepal achieve the Convention on Biological Diversity target of preventing the extinction of known threatened species and improving their conservation status. Of the 212 mammal species assessed, 49 species (23%) were listed as nationally threatened. These comprise nine (18%) Critically Endangered species, 26 (53%) Endangered species and 14 (29%) Vulnerable species. One species was considered regionally Extinct. A total of seven species (3%) were considered Near Threatened and 83 species (39%) were Data Deficient. Over sixty percent of Nepal’s ungulates are threatened and almost half of Nepal’s carnivores face extinction (45% threatened). Bats and small mammals are the least known groups with 60 species being Data Deficient. Habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation are the most significant threats. Other significant threats include illegal hunting, small and fragmented populations, reduction of prey base, human wildlife conflict and persecution, climate change, invasive species, disease and inadequate knowledge and research. Adequate measures to address these threats are described. It was also concluded that re-assessments of the status of certain mammal groups be carried out every five years and the setting up of a national online species database and mapping system would also greatly help in land-use planning and policies.
<b>Extension in its distribution range and a new record for the cicada genus <I>Salvazana</I> Distant, 1913 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cryptotympanii) from India</b>
Authors: Hajong Sudhanya Ray , Thangkiew Rodeson 
Published: March 2018

The cicada genus Salvazana Distant, 1913 is reported for the first time from India with the discovery of Salvazana mirabilis mirabilis Boulard, 2002 from Shillong in the northeastern state of Meghalaya in India. This extends the northwestern distributional range of the genus Salvazana by more than a thousand kilometers. Brief descriptions of the specimen along with photographs of various structures are provided.
<b>Seasonal distribution and abundance of earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) in relation to the edaphic factors around Udupi Power Corporation Limited (UPCL), Udupi District, southwestern coast of India</b>
Authors: Kumar T.S. Harish , Siddaraju M. , Bhat C.H. Krishna , Sreepada K.S. 
Published: March 2018

Seasonal distribution and abundance of four species of earthworms belonging to three families—Rhinodrilidae (Pontoscolex corethrurus), Megascolecidae (Megascolex konkanensis and Metaphire houlleti) and Octochaetidae (Karmiella karnatakensis)—were studied in three habitats (residential, agricultural and forest) along with edaphic factors around Udupi Power Corporation Limited (UPCL), Karnataka, India between September 2014 and August 2016. Among the four species, P. corethrurus was collected throughout the year and was most abundant in residential habitats such as colacasia garden, coconut and banana pits. M. konkanensis was collected from coconut plantations, banana plantations and forest soil during monsoon and post-monsoon periods. M. houlleti was collected from manure heaps, coconut and banana pits of residential habitat, coconut plantations and forest soil. K. karnatakensis was collected from garden soil in residential habitat during the post-monsoon period, coconut plantations and soil mixed with forest leaf litter during monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The soil temperature differ significantly during different seasons in residential (P= 0.01) and agricultural (P=0.03) habitats whereas moisture shows highly significant difference in agricultural habitat (P=0.00037) during different seasons. P. corethrurus showed positive correlation with organic carbon during pre-monsoon and C/N ratio during monsoon in the residential habitat. It shows negative correlation with pH during the monsoon period. M. houlleti showed positive correlation with organic carbon in residential habitat during the pre-monsoon and in forest habitat during monsoon periods. M. konkanensis showed positive correlation with electrical conductivity in agricultural habitats during monsoon period. K. karnatakensis showed positive correlation with moisture during monsoon and with C/N ratio during post-monsoon period in forest habitats.
<b>Spatial and temporal patterns of stork sightings (Aves: Ciconiidae) in National Chambal Sanctuary of Gangetic River system</b>
Authors: Sharma R. K. , Singh L. A.K. 
Published: March 2018

During 1984–86 and 1995–2016 winter surveys five stork species were observed in 12 study zones of the river Chambal in the Ganga tributary system. Comparative temporal and spatial analyses of stork distribution are presented from two broad stretches of the river, 205km of Pali-Rajghat in the upstream and 230km of Rajghat-Pachhnada in the downstream. Different species show different distribution patterns. Study zones IV+V comprising 113km in the upstream and XI+XII comprising 75km in the downstream accounted for 66% of total stork sightings. About 56% of total sightings were recorded downstream of Rajghat. The Painted Storks Mycteria leucocephala comprised 52% of total stork sightings. Eleven districts adjoining river Chambal recorded low rainfall prior to 2008 when sighting of storks abruptly increased, particularly in the downstream. It is important to continue the monitoring of water birds in the National Chambal Sanctuary as it could lead to initiating conservation interventions in habitats in the region which experience extreme ecological conditions and fluctuations in populations.
<b>A preliminary but incomplete checklist of Gujarat spiders</b>
Authors: Vyas R. V. , Parasharya B. M. 
Published: March 2018

Response on recent publication of “Yadav et al., 2017, Spiders of Gujarat: A preliminary checklist” is need to revised. On careful reading of this paper, we found that there are certain mistakes in the paper and omissions of certain published information. Here in this note we draw attention of the authors and readers to rectify the errors and prepare a fresh checklist.