bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembrolizumab in Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies with Defective DNA Mismatch Repair: A Case Series
Authors: Stenehjem David D , Cavalieri Courtney C , Swanson Eric , Solomon Benjamin , Whisenant Jonathan , Tran Dao , Weis John , Gilcrease G Weldon , Sharma Sunil , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Tumors with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) have a favorable immunological phenotype permitting exploitation by immunotherapies. We aimed to assess our institutional experience of dMMR advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancers treated with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study of a clinical series of patients with dMMR metastatic GI cancers treated with pembrolizumab from 2015 to 2017. Patients were assessed for best response, time to and reason for discontinuation, and adverse events. Results: A total of 13 patients received at least one dose of pembrolizumab. Median age was 62 years (range 33–74 years). Diagnoses included colorectal (colorectal cancer [CRC], n = 7); extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC,n = 2;n = 1); pancreatic (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [PDAC], n = 2); and adenocarcinoma of the appendix (n = 1). Five patients received concurrent chemotherapy (FOLFOX or capecitabine) with pembrolizumab (200 mg intravenous [IV] q 2 weeks with FOLFOX or 2 mg/kg IV q 3 weeks with capecitabine). Pembrolizumab was administered 2 mg/kg IV q 3 weeks to all patients who received single-agent treatment. Eleven patients were evaluable for response assessment. Three patients had a complete response (CRC and two EHCC) and one of these patients received concomitant pembrolizumab and FOLFOX. Two patients had a partial response, one with PDAC (−88% per RECIST, continues on treatment after 15.7 months) and the other with CRC (−45% per RECIST, continues after 14.6 months), both patients received concomitant pembrolizumab and FOLFOX and are now maintained on single-agent pembrolizumab. The objective response rate was 42%. Three patients experienced immune-related adverse events requiring discontinuation. Conclusions: This single-institution case series confirms the activity of pembrolizumab in various GI cancers harboring dMMR. Future studies are warranted to determine the role of combinatorial treatment with chemotherapy and/or novel immunotherapies in this population.
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis During Cotherapy with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab
Authors: Kubicki Shelby L , Welborn Macartney E , Patel Anisha B 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Ipilimumab and nivolumab are human monoclonal antibodies used in cancer therapy. Ipilimumab targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen and nivolumab acts against programmed death receptor-1. Both drugs have extensive side effect profiles with high rates of cutaneous involvement. We present a 57-year-old male with stage IV esophageal/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that developed histologically confirmed toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) 6 days after cotreatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. He presented with diffuse erythematous macules with confluence and large flaccid bullae with scrotal and mucosal involvement. He improved significantly following drug cessation, steroids, and antibiotics. TEN has been reported with ipilimumab and/or nivolumab, as have other severe drug reactions including Stevens–Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme major. As a true dermatologic emergency, TEN should be recognized as a potential complication of ipilimumab, nivolumab, and other immune checkpoint inhibitors, so clinicians can quickly recognize the condition and initiate therapy.
On Annelidan, Distributive, and Bézout Rings
Authors: Marks Greg , Mazurek Ryszard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA ring is called right annelidan if the right annihilator of any subset of the ring is comparable with every other right ideal. In this paper we develop the connections between this class of rings and the classes of right Bézout rings and rings whose right ideals form a distributive lattice. We obtain results on localization of right annelidan rings at prime ideals, chain conditions that entail left-right symmetry of the annelidan condition, and construction of completely prime ideals.
Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Perceptions About Older Adults With Developmental Disabilities in Traditional Health Care Settings
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Ceballos Jennifer , Amir Nisreen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Importance: Health care providers’ knowledge of and comfort working with adults with developmental disabilities (DD) affect the quality of care this growing population receives. Previous research on this topic has not included occupational therapy practitioners.
Objective: To determine occupational therapy practitioners’ views about working with older adults with DD in traditional health care settings.
Design: Quantitative survey over 4 mo.
Participants: A random sample of 310 practitioners from the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Gerontology and Physical Disabilities Special Interest Sections working in traditional health care settings.
Outcomes and Measures: A researcher-developed survey to assess occupational therapy practitioners’ comfort, knowledge, challenge, and supports and barriers in regard to working with older adults with DD.
Results: In the 310 included surveys (31% response rate), most occupational therapy practitioners reported feeling comfortable (76.1%–80.0%) and knowledgeable (66.5%–68.4%) working with older adults with DD. Approximately 93% reported that work with older adults with DD was at least somewhat challenging. Key perceived barriers included clients’ cognitive needs, lack of caregiver collaboration, and challenging behavior.
Conclusion and Relevance: Most occupational therapy practitioners in traditional health care settings found working with older adults with DD challenging, and many did not feel sufficiently knowledgeable to meet the needs of this population. Similar to other health professionals, occupational therapy practitioners may benefit from additional resources to provide services to this population.
What This Article Adds: Older adults with DD receive occupational therapy services in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and other medical settings. Because clients such as these are not common in these settings, occupational therapy practitioners who work there would like more tools to help provide good care.
Near-surface and path-averaged mixing ratios of NO2 derived from car DOAS zenith-sky and tower DOAS off-axis measurements in Vienna: a case study
Authors: Schreier Stefan F. , Richter Andreas , Burrows John P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), produced as a result of fossil fuel
combustion, biomass burning, lightning, and soil emissions, is a key urban
and rural tropospheric pollutant. In this case study, ground-based remote
sensing has been coupled with the in situ network in Vienna, Austria, to
investigate NO2 distributions in the planetary boundary layer.
Near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios within the
metropolitan area of Vienna are estimated from car DOAS (differential optical
absorption spectroscopy) zenith-sky and tower DOAS horizon observations. The
latter configuration is innovative in the sense that it obtains horizontal
measurements at more than a hundred different azimuthal angles – within a
360∘ rotation taking less than half an hour. Spectral measurements
were made with a DOAS instrument on nine days in April, September, October,
and November 2015 in the zenith-sky mode and on five days in April and
May 2016 in the off-axis mode. The analysis of tropospheric NO2
columns from the car measurements and O4 normalized NO2
path averages from the tower observations provide interesting insights into
the spatial and temporal NO2 distribution over Vienna. Integrated
column amounts of NO2 from both DOAS-type measurements are
converted into mixing ratios by different methods. The estimation of
near-surface NO2 mixing ratios from car DOAS tropospheric
NO2 vertical columns is based on a linear regression analysis
including mixing height and other meteorological parameters that affect the
dilution and reactivity in the planetary boundary layer – a new approach for
such conversion. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios are calculated
from tower DOAS NO2 slant column densities by taking into account
topography and geometry. Overall, lap averages of near-surface NO2
mixing ratios obtained from car DOAS zenith-sky measurements, around a
circuit in Vienna, are in the range of 3.8 to 26.1 ppb and in good agreement
with values obtained from in situ NO2 measurements for days with
wind from the southeast. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios at 160 m
above the ground as derived from the tower DOAS measurements are between 2.5
and 9 ppb on two selected days with different wind conditions and pollution
levels and show similar spatial distribution as seen in the car DOAS
zenith-sky observations. We conclude that the application of the two methods
to obtain near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios is
promising for this case study.
Discussion Piece
Authors: Lenz Martin 
Published: May 2019

This offers a social or conventionalist account of the representational character of Lockean complex ideas. The point is that the precise ingredients of our complex ideas, the structure and amount of simple ideas belonging to them, are determined by the naming practice in a given speech community. Thus, although the ingredients themselves have a causal origin, the way the ingredients are bound into bundles and used in thinking is a matter of convention.
METAL COMPLEXES AS NEW PRO-ECOLOGICAL CROSSLINKING AGENTS FOR CHLOROPRENE RUBBER BASED ON HECK COUPLING REACTION
Authors: Dziemidkiewicz Anna , Pingot Martyna , Maciejewska Magdalena 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
The influence of new pro-ecological curing agents on the crosslinking process of chloroprene rubber (CR) was examined. The proposed curing system used a simpler recipe (no need to apply harmful products such as zinc oxide and ethylene thiourea) and cost less than standard metal oxides. It was expected that the mechanism of crosslinking would be similar to that of Heck-type reactions. Heck-type reactions are powerful tools for the creation of new C=C bonds. They provide the simplest and most efficient way to synthesize a variety of important compounds used in many areas, such as pharmaceuticals, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, and industrial applications. However, despite their wide application, Heck-type reactions have not been used in the rubber industry so far. Rubber blends containing acetylacetonates with different transition metals as new crosslinking agents were filled with fumed silica Aerosil 380 or carbon black Corax N-550. It was found that metal complexes are active crosslinking agents of the CR composites. The obtained vulcanizates were characterized by a high degree of crosslinking and good mechanical properties. Considering the high tensile strength and degree of crosslinking, iron acetylacetonate was the most effective curing agent of the used metal complexes. Compared with the reference sample cured with metal oxides, the CR samples crosslinked using metal acetylacetonates had a higher activity.
Enige opmerkingen over het (nieuwe) erfrecht en nalatenschapsmediation
Authors: van der Burght G. 
Published: May 2019

Enige opmerkingen over het (nieuwe) erfrecht en nalatenschapsmediation
In deze bijdrage staat de auteur stil bij het nieuwe erfrecht en het oplossen van erfrechtgeschillen, en in het bijzonder bij de complexe structuur van het nieuwe erfrecht, de positie van de langstlevende echtgenoot en de positie van de rechter bij erfenisconflicten.
Do Characteristics of Consociational Democracies Still Apply to Belgian Parties?
Authors: Van Haute Emilie , Wauters Bram 
Published: May 2019

Do characteristics of consociational democracies still apply to Belgian parties?
Belgium has long been described as a typical case of a consociational or consensus democracy. This article aims at identifying whether political parties in Belgium share the internal characteristics of parties in consensus democracies: passive mass memberships, the importance of purposive and material incentives for joining, and representation of a clear subculture in the social and attitudinal profiles of their members and via overlapping memberships with related organizations. We mobilize longitudinal party membership data and party member surveys conducted in three different time periods. We show that pillar parties still exercise their role of mobilization and representation of societal segments, but these segments tend to become smaller over time. New parties offer alternative options of mobilization and representation, although not always in line with the specific institutional arrangements of consociational democracy.
Entre méfiance, prudence et politesse : quand les parents enseignent à leurs enfants comment se conduire dans les espaces publics urbains à Paris et Milan
Authors: Rivière Clément 
Published: May 2019

Cadre de la recherche : Un nombre limité de recherches se sont intéressées au rôle joué par les parents dans la régulation de l’accès des enfants aux espaces publics urbains.
Objectifs : Cet article a pour objectif de contribuer à la description du processus de socialisation à la ville des enfants. Il vise à enrichir l’approche interactionniste des comportements en public en interrogeant leur genèse, et en particulier l’enseignement de normes de présentation de soi, de manières d’agir et de représentations du danger.
Méthodologie : L’article s’appuie sur une thèse de doctorat en sociologie portant sur les modalités de l’encadrement parental des déplacements et des activités et des enfants dans les espaces publics. Le matériau principal est un corpus d’entretiens (n =78) conduits auprès de parents vivant dans deux espaces péricentraux de mixité sociale à Paris (France) et Milan (Italie).
Résultats : Dans les deux contextes étudiés, les parents orchestrent un processus d’apprentissage ambigu, l’inculcation de règles d’interaction et de circulation s’accompagnant de la transmission d’une méfiance vis-à-vis du respect de ces règles par les autres citadins. L’étude des consignes relatives à l’interaction avec les inconnus montre par ailleurs que celles-ci se distinguent en partie selon le sexe de l’enfant, les filles voyant leur présence dans les espaces publics urbains davantage sujette à recommandations.
Conclusions : L’article aide à mieux articuler l’« ordre de l’interaction » (Goffman, 1983) et l’action éducative mise en œuvre au quotidien par les parents. Il invite à penser les effets de la transmission de normes d’usage genrées en termes d’incorporation de manières distinctes de se comporter et d’appréhender l’espace urbain.
Contribution : La description des principaux contenus de la socialisation à la ville des enfants constitue une contribution empirique à la connaissance des modalités de découverte des sociétés urbaines contemporaines par les enfants.
Sexisme(s) urbain(s) : Jeunes filles et adolescentes à l’épreuve de la ville
Authors: Alessandrin Arnaud , Dagorn Johanna 
Published: May 2019

Cadre de la recherche :Cet article propose de revenir sur une récente enquête de victimation (Alessandrin, Franquet et Dagorn, 2016) concernant les déplacements des femmes dans la ville.Objectifs :L’objectif de cet article est de porter un regard particulier sur l’usage de la ville par les jeunes filles et les adolescentes rencontrées durant cette enquête.Méthodologie :Méthodologiquement, cette enquête prend appui sur 5.210 questionnaires, parmi lesquels 13,8 % proviennent de mineures et 51,3 % de jeunes filles âgées de 20 à 25 ans. Viennent s’ajouter à ce dispositif méthodologique, des focus groupes, des marches exploratoires et des observations dans les transports et espaces publics des villes investiguées, que sont la ville de Bordeaux et son agglomération.Résultats :Cette enquête nous invite à saisir la centralité des notions d’âge et de genre dans l’appréhension de l’environnement urbain et dans les déplacements qui en découlent. Ainsi, si les jeunes filles et les adolescentes déclarent se sentir à l’aise dans la ville, ce sont elles qui sont le plus victimes d’agressions sexistes, de discriminations et de harcèlement dans les espaces publicsConclusions :En conclusion, cet article souligne la question des usages de la ville et du sentiment de climat urbain perçu par les jeunes filles et adolescentes. Il encourage aussi à différencier les étudiantes des lycéennes et interroge fortement les lieux de sociabilité juvéniles dans l’expression des phénomènes sexistes.Contribution :Grace à des données empiriques récentes et une recherche quantitative de grande ampleur, cette recherche éclaire le rapport des jeunes filles à la ville dans un contexte de discussion sociale et politique autour de la notion de « harcèlement ».
« Je le voyais travailler comme un enfant chez son père » : minorité, droit civil et monétarisation de l'adolescence dans les campagnes du Québec, 1850-1900
Authors: Nootens Thierry 
Published: May 2019

Cadre de la recherche :Dans les campagnes québécoises de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, les mineurs orphelins dépendaient étroitement de ce qui pouvait leur échoir du patrimoine familial. Leurs droits financiers engendraient parfois des poursuites.Objectifs :L'auteur examine trois litiges de ce type, afin de mettre en lumière deux phénomènes. Le premier est l'effet des décès précoces sur les liens de droit qui structuraient les lignées, en particulier les choix faits au moyen des contrats de mariage et des testaments. Le second est la manière dont les populations se représentaient le coût des adolescents et la valeur de leur apport à l'économie domestique, données débattues lors de poursuites en reddition de comptes de tutelle.Méthodologie :L'approche est microsociologique et tient compte, simultanément, de la nature et de l'intensité des obligations intrafamiliales, de la configuration variable des ressources des familles ainsi que de leur rapport à la durée et aux accidents de l'existence.Résultats :Un décès précoce pouvait bouleverser profondément les arrangements juridiques et financiers pris par les familles afin de prévoir l'avenir tant bien que mal. Aussi, les contestations relatives à la manière dont les biens et la personne de mineurs ont été pris en charge impliquaient de monétariser enfants et adolescents, comme les parties étaient amenées à débattre, de concert, des frais de leur entretien et de la valeur de leur contribution à l'économie domestique. Les témoins convoqués de part et d'autre avaient bien du mal à chiffrer ces prestations intrafamiliales, comme elles relevaient de l'ordre naturel des choses.Conclusion :Entre autres, ce ne sont que la vie urbaine et le salariat qui permettaient à des témoins de mettre plus précisément en rapport produits et charges inhérents à l'adolescence laborieuse.Contribution :Ce changement aussi brusque que précis du rapport social à l'argent et à la valeur, s'il était plus amplement documenté, constituerait un repère important de l'histoire de la famille durant la transition au capitalisme industriel au Québec.
Applying and refining DNA analysis to determine the identity of plant material extracted from the digestive tracts of katydids
Authors: Symes Laurel B. , Wershoven Nicole L. , Hoeger Lars-Olaf , Ralston Jessica S. , Martinson Sharon J. , ter Hofstede Hannah M. , Palmer Christine M. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundFeeding habits are central to animal ecology, but it is often difficult to characterize the diet of organisms that are arboreal, nocturnal, rare, or highly mobile. Genetic analysis of gut contents is a promising approach for expanding our understanding of animal feeding habits. Here, we adapt a laboratory protocol for extracting and sequencing plant material from gut contents and apply it to Neotropical forest katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) in Panama.MethodsOur approach uses three chloroplast primer sets that were previously developed to identify vegetation on BCI. We describe the utility and success rate of each primer set. We then test whether there is a significant difference in the amplification and sequencing success of gut contents based on the size or sex of the katydid, the time of day that it was caught, and the color of the extracted gut contents.ResultsWe find that there is a significant difference in sequencing success as a function of gut color. When extracts were yellow, green, or colorless the likelihood of successfully amplifying DNA ranged from ~30–60%. When gut extracts were red, orange, or brown, amplification success was exceptionally low (0–8%). Amplification success was also higher for smaller katydids and tended to be more successful in katydids that were captured earlier in the night. Strength of the amplified product was indicative of the likelihood of sequencing success, with strong bands having a high likelihood of success. By anticipating which samples are most likely to succeed, we provide information useful for estimating the number of katydids that need to be collected and minimizing the costs of purifying, amplifying, and sequencing samples that are unlikely to succeed. This approach makes it possible to understand the herbivory patterns of these trophically important katydids and can be applied more broadly to understand the diet of other tropical herbivores.
Cross‐Dehydrogenative C−O Coupling of Oximes with Acetonitrile, Ketones and Esters
Authors: Chen Zhen‐Yu , Liang Hua‐Ju , Chen Ri‐Xing , Chen Lei , Tang Xiang‐Zheng , Yan Ming , Zhang Xue‐Jing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA transition metal‐free approach for the generation of radical intermediates via EDA complexes had been developed. This approach enables a cross‐dehydrogenative C−O coupling of oximes with acetonitrile, ketones and esters with high yields and regioselectivities. Perfluorobutyl iodide was used as the unique electron acceptor to trigger a new radical formation. The radical pathway was confirmed by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, radical inhibiting, trapping and kinetics experiments.magnified image
Deoxygenierende Borylierung von sekundären und tertiären Alkoholen
Authors: Friese Florian W. , Studer Armido 
Published: May 2019

AbstractZwei verschiedene Ansätze für die deoxygenierende radikalische Borylierung von sekundären und tertiären Alkoholen werden präsentiert. Die Reaktionen verlaufen entweder über einen metallfreien Silylradikal‐vermittelten Weg oder nutzen Photoredoxkatalyse mit sichtbarem Licht. Als Radikalvorläufer werden leicht zugängliche Xanthogenate und Methyloxalate eingesetzt. Die Methoden zeigen eine gute Substratbreite, hohe Toleranz gegenüber funktionellen Gruppen und können unter milden Bedingungen durchgeführt werden.
A Nickel(II) Nitrite Based Molecular Perovskite Ferroelectric
Authors: Xiong Yu‐An , Sha Tai‐Ting , Pan Qiang , Song Xian‐Jiang , Miao Shu‐Rong , Jing Zheng‐Yin , Feng Zi‐Jie , You Yu‐Meng , Xiong Ren‐Gen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe X‐site ion in organic–inorganic hybrid ABX3 perovskites (OHPs) varies from halide ion to bridging linkers like HCOO−, N3−, NO2−, and CN−. However, no nitrite‐based OHP ferroelectrics have been reported so far. Now, based on non‐ferroelectric [(CH3)4N][Ni(NO2)3], through the combined methodologies of quasi‐spherical shape, hydrogen bonding functionality, and H/F substitution, we have successfully synthesized an OHP ferroelectric, [FMeTP][Ni(NO2)3] (FMeTP=N‐fluoromethyl tropine). As an unprecedented nitrite‐based OHP ferroelectric, the well‐designed [FMeTP][Ni(NO2)3] undergoes the ferroelectric phase transition at 400 K with an Aizu notation of 6/mmmFm, showing multiaxial ferroelectric characteristics. This work is a great step towards not only enriching the molecular ferroelectric families but also accelerating the potential practical applications.