bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative developmental trajectories of actigraphic sleep variables during the preschool period: A three‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Tétreault Émilie , Bernier Annie , Matte‐Gagné Célia , Carrier Julie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractImportant changes in sleep are believed to occur in the preschool years, but studies that have documented these changes were generally cross‐sectional or based on subjective sleep measures. The current longitudinal study modeled the developmental trajectories followed by five sleep variables objectively assessed during the preschool period. Children (N = 128) wore an actigraph over 3 days at 2, 3, and 4 years of age and change in sleep variables was assessed with growth curves. The results showed a linear decrease of daytime, total, and nighttime sleep duration, and a linear increase of sleep efficiency and proportion of nighttime to total sleep. For all sleep variables, the rhythm of change was relatively uniform across children, but there was significant inter‐individual variation around the initial status for most variables. To our knowledge, this study is the first to model the developmental trajectories followed by several sleep variables during the preschool period.
FoxA expression pattern in two polychaete species, Alitta virens and Platynereis dumerilii: Examination of the conserved key regulator of the gut development from cleavage through larval life, postlarval growth, and regeneration
Authors: Kostyuchenko Roman P. , Kozin Vitaly V. , Filippova Nadezhda A. , Sorokina Ekaterina V. 
Published: December 2018

Background
foxA orthologs are involved in various processes from embryo patterning to regulation of metabolism. Since foxA conserved role in the development of the gut of errant annelids has never been thoroughly studied, we used a candidate gene approach to unravel the molecular profile of the alimentary canal in two closely related nereid worms with a trochophore‐type lecithotrophic larva.ResultsThe character of foxA expression in the two polychaetes was similar but not identical. The genes were successively activated first in blastoporal cells, then in the stomodeum, the midgut, and hindgut primordia, and in the cells of central and peripheral nervous system. Before the start of active feeding of nectochaetes, we observed a short phase of foxA expression in the entire digestive tract. After amputation of posterior segments, foxA expression was established de novo in the new terminal part of the intestine, and then in the developing hindgut and the anus.ConclusionsWe discovered an early marker of endoderm formation previously unknown in errant annelids. Its expression dynamics provided valuable insights into the gut development. Comparative analysis of foxA activity suggests its primary role in gastrulation morphogenesis independently of its type and in midgut and foregut specification. Developmental Dynamics 248:728–743, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Land tenure shapes black bear density and abundance on a multi‐use landscape
Authors: Loosen Anne E. , Morehouse Andrea T. , Boyce Mark S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGlobal biodiversity is decreasing rapidly. Parks and protected lands, while designed to conserve wildlife, often cannot provide the habitat protection needed for wide‐ranging animals such as the American black bear (Ursus americanus). Conversely, private lands are often working landscapes (e.g., farming) that have high human footprints relative to protected lands. In southwestern Alberta, road densities are highest on private lands and black bears can be hunted year‐round. On protected lands, road densities are lowest, and hunting is prohibited. On public lands under the jurisdiction of the provincial government (Crown lands), seasonal hunting is permitted. Population estimates are needed to calculate sustainable harvest levels and to monitor population trends. In our study area, there has never been a robust estimate of black bear density and spatial drivers of black bear density are poorly understood. We used non‐invasive genetic sampling and indices of habitat productivity and human disturbance to estimate density and abundance for male and female black bears in 2013 and 2014 using two methods: spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) and resource‐selection functions (RSF). Land tenure best explained spatial variation in black bear density. Black bear densities for females and males were highest on parkland and lowest on Crown lands. Sex ratios were female‐biased on private lands, likely a result of lower harvests and movement of females out of areas with high male density. Synthesis and application: Both SECR and RSF methods clearly indicate spatial structuring of black bear density, with a strong influence based on how lands are managed. Land tenure influences the distribution of available foods and risk from humans. We emphasize the need for improved harvest reporting, particularly for non‐licensed hunting on private land, to estimate the extent of black bear harvest mortality.
IL‐10 signaling in dendritic cells is required for tolerance induction in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Dolch Anja , Kunz Stefanie , Dorn Britta , Alessandrini Francesca , Müller Werner , Jack Robert S. , Martin Stefan F. , Roers Axel , Jakob Thilo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAllergen specific tolerance induction efficiently ameliorates subsequent allergen induced inflammatory responses. The underlying regulatory mechanisms have been attributed mainly to interleukin (IL)‐10 produced by diverse hematopoietic cells, while targets of IL‐10 in allergen specific tolerance induction have not yet been well defined. Here, we investigate potential cellular targets of IL‐10 in allergen specific tolerance induction using mice with a cell type specific inactivation of the IL‐10 receptor gene. Allergic airway inflammation was effectively prevented by tolerance induction in mice with IL‐10 receptor (IL‐10R) deficiency in T or B cells. Similarly, IL‐10R on monocytes/macrophages and/or neutrophils was not required for tolerance induction. In contrast, tolerance induction was impaired in mice that lack IL‐10R on dendritic cells: those mice developed an allergic response characterized by a pronounced neutrophilic lung infiltration, which was not ameliorated by tolerogenic treatment. In conclusion, our results show that allergen specific tolerance can be effectively induced without a direct impact of IL‐10 on cells of the adaptive immune system, and highlight dendritic cells, but not macrophages nor neutrophils, as the main target of IL‐10 during tolerance induction.
A New Statistical Approach to Describe the Quality of Extra Virgin Olive Oils Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) and Traditional Analytical Parameters
Authors: Willenberg Ina , Matthäus Bertrand , Gertz Christian 
Published: December 2018

NIR prediction models are developed for the determination of relevant parameters to evaluate olive oil quality such as acidity (FFA), peroxide value (PV), UV‐absorption at 232 and at 268/270 nm, p‐anisidine value (AnV), isomeric diacylglycerols (DG), and pyropheophytin A (PPP). In addition a new NIR method to estimate the age of olive oil is presented. The relevant wavenumbers are given for the calculation of the parameters and the precision data are presented in comparison to the chemical reference methods. The calibration and validation of the methods are executed with independent data sets (test in test instead of cross‐validation) to cover the wide range of variability of the analytical parameters including the corresponding accurate analytical results from the reference chemical methods. The correctness and accuracy of the developed NIR methods are verified by analyzing certified materials. Finally, a simple statistical approach has been developed to describe the quality of olive oils using the parameters FFA, PV, K232 and K270, DG and PPP. The probability of presence of a sensory defect (100% ≙ 1; 0% ≙ 0) is calculated using the following equation: Pred (BIN) = 1/(1 + exp(−(−9 + 37 × FFA‐0.9 × PV‐2.9 × K232 + 14 × K270 + 3.7 × PPP‐0.17 × DG))).Practical Applications: The use of NIR allows the analysis of different parameters relevant for the quality of olive oil in one run in comparison to the individual chemical reference methods. That allows saving time and money, and a skilled operator is not necessary, making the method interesting for routine analysis. The use of a simple equation developed from the logistic regression using FFA, PV, K‐values, DG, and PPP measured by NIR as variables enables for the first time to describe the sensory quality of olive oils without making sensory testing. This criterion without setting limits for the individual parameters estimates the probability of the presence of sensory defects on basis of chemical parameters. This tool can easily be used to differentiate the two categories extra virgin and virgin olive oils both using the traditional laboratory methods and the corresponding NIR‐methods.In the present study, NIR prediction models are developed for the determination of free fatty acids, peroxide value, UV‐absorption at 232 and at 268/270 nm, p‐anisidine value, isomeric di‐acyl‐glycerols, and pyropheophytin A to evaluate olive oil quality. On basis of NIR, a new method is developed to estimate the age of olive oil. The parameters FFA, PV, K232 and K270, DG and PPP have been used to describe the quality of olive oils by a simple statistical approach.
Making scenario interventions matter: Exploring issues of power and rationality
Authors: Cairns George , Wright George 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this article, we consider prospects for long‐term impact from scenario projects, specifically for sustained positive change. We outline scenario methods intended to actively engage scenario development team members who will be directly impacted by the “focal issue” of the scenario exercise, in particular those who are remote and by and large excluded from the central decision‐making processes of the powerful. We consider possibilities for building capacity for them to envisage and enact alternative futures for themselves and their communities. However, we see a need to consider how current powerful actors might respond to the wishes and actions of less powerful stakeholders, positing that the potential for action by these less powerful groups may be disrupted by the rationality of the more powerful, where any intended action is against the latter's interests. We argue that understanding and appreciating issues of power and rationality are central to how such participatory approaches might elicit coordinated and articulated action in response to positive scenarios. We discuss this issue by reference to contemporary interpretations of Aristotelian phronēsis, or “practical wisdom.” We outline steps involved in enacting an augmented scenario model that responds to this critique.
Relative impact of indels versus SNPs on complex disease
Authors: Gagliano Sarah A. , Sengupta Sebanti , Sidore Carlo , Maschio Andrea , Cucca Francesco , Schlessinger David , Abecasis Gonçalo R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIt is unclear whether insertions and deletions (indels) are more likely to influence complex traits than abundant single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We sought to understand which category of variation is more likely to impact health. Using the SardiNIA study as an exemplar, we characterized 478,876 common indels and 8,246,244 common SNPs in up to 5,949 well‐phenotyped individuals from an isolated valley in Sardinia. We assessed association between 120 traits, resulting in 89 nonoverlapping‐associated loci.We evaluated whether indels were enriched among credible sets of potential causal variants. These credible sets included 1,319 SNPs and 88 indels. We did not find indels to be significantly enriched. Indels were the most likely causal variant in seven loci, including one locus associated with monocyte count where an indel with causality and mechanism previously demonstrated (rs200748895:TGCTG/T) had a 0.999 posterior probability. Overall, our results show a very modest and nonsignificant enrichment for common indels in associated loci.
Targeting microglia attenuates neuroinflammation‐related neural damage in mice carrying human PLP1 mutations
Authors: Groh Janos , Klein Dennis , Berve Kristina , West Brian L. , Martini Rudolf 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGenetically caused neurological disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) usually result in poor or even fatal clinical outcome and few or no causative treatments are available. Often, these disorders are associated with disease‐amplifying neuroinflammation, a feature shared by progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (PMS), another poorly treatable disorder of the CNS. We have previously generated two mouse lines carrying distinct mutations in the oligodendrocytic PLP1 gene that have initially been identified in patients fulfilling clinical criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS). These mutations cause a loss of function of the gene product resulting in a histopathological and clinical phenotype common to both PMS and genetic CNS disorders, like hereditary spastic paraplegias. Importantly, neuroinflammation comprising adaptive immune reactions promotes disease progression in these PLP1 mutant models, opening the possibility to improve disease outcome of the respective disorders by targeting/modulating inflammation. We here show that PLX3397, a potent inhibitor of the CSF‐1R and targeting innate immune cells, attenuates neuroinflammation in our models by reducing numbers of resident microglia and attenuating T‐lymphocyte recruitment in the CNS. This leads to an amelioration of demyelination, axonopathic features and neuron loss in the retinotectal system, also reflected by reduced thinning of the inner retinal composite layer in longitudinal studies using noninvasive optical coherence tomography. Our findings identify microglia as important promoters of neuroinflammation‐related neural damage and CSF‐1R inhibition as a possible therapeutic strategy not only for PMS but also for inflammation‐related genetic diseases of the nervous system for which causal treatment options are presently lacking.
Uniquely folded shapes, photophysical properties, and recognition abilities of macrocyclic BODIPY oligomers
Authors: Hojo Tomohiro , Nakamura Takashi , Matsuoka Ryota , Nabeshima Tatsuya 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMacrocyclic BODIPY/dipyrrin tetramers and pentamers connected by m‐phenylene linkers were synthesized. Their uniquely folded shapes were revealed by a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, and their dynamic structural behaviors in solution were investigated by variable‐temperature NMR measurements. The BODIPY oligomers exhibited strong emission properties without quenching. Furthermore, the BODIPY pentamer interacted with an ammonium cation utilizing the negatively charged binding pockets in which the polarized Bδ+–Fδ− bonds are present.
Coexpression network analysis linked H2AFJ to chemoradiation resistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Ghareeb Waleed M. , Lu Xingrong , Huang Ying , Huang Shenghui , Chi Pan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) resistance is a complex phenomenon and it remains a major problem for patients with a priori resistant tumor. Therefore, there is a strong need to investigate molecular biomarkers which may guide for treatment decision‐making. In our study, weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to identify CRT‐resistance hub modules in 12 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines with different CRT sensitivities from GSE20298 data set. The green module and purple module had the highest correlations with CRT resistance. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the function of these two modules focused on interferon‐mediated signaling pathway, immune response, chromatin modulation, Rho GTPases activities, and regulation of apoptotic process. Then, 15 hub genes in both the coexpression and protein‐protein interaction networks were selected. Among these hub genes, higher H2A histone family member J (H2AFJ) expression was independently validated in patient cohorts from two testing data sets of GSE46862 and GSE68204 to be related to CRT resistance. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that H2AFJ could efficiently distinguish CRT‐resistance cases from CRT‐sensitive cases in another two testing data sets. Furthermore, meta‐analysis of 12 Gene Expression Omnibus–sourced data sets showed that H2AFJ messenger RNA levels were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in normal colon tissues. High H2AFJ expression was correlated with a significant worse event‐ and relapse‐free survival by analyzing the data from the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. Gene set enrichment analysis determined that the mechanism of H2AFJ‐mediated CRT resistance might involve the ERK5 (MAPK7), human immunodeficiency virus Nef (HIV Nef), and inflammatory pathways. This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to implicate and verify H2AFJ as an effective new marker for CRT response prediction.
microRNA‐802 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer by targeting serine/arginine‐rich splicing factor 9
Authors: Zhang Qianwen , Lv Rui , Guo Wenjia , Li Xiaoning 
Published: December 2018

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer development and progression by targeting mRNAs for degradation and/or translational repression. microRNA‐802 (miR‐802) has been reported as a tumor suppressor and its deregulation is observed in various human cancers. However, the prognostic value of miR‐802 and its underlying mechanisms involved in human cervical cancer are poorly investigated. The purposes of this study were to explore the role of miR‐802 in cervical cancer and to clarify the regulation of serine/arginine‐rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9) by miR‐802. Here, we found that miR‐802 was downregulated in both cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Transfection of a miR‐802 mimic into cervical cancer cells inhibited their proliferation and colony formation, and promoted cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis. In addition, we found that miR‐802 could directly target the 3′‐untranslated region of SRSF9 and suppress SRSF9 expression. Rescue experiments revealed that overexpression of SRSF9 partially reversed the inhibition effect of miR‐802 in cervical cancer cells. Overall, these findings demonstrate that miR‐802 functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer by targeting SRSF9, suggesting that miR‐802 might serve as a potential therapeutic target in cervical cancer.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐1271 functions as a potential tumor suppressor in hepatitis B virus–associated hepatocellular carcinoma through the AMPK signaling pathway by binding to CCNA1
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhao Zhen‐Xian , Huang Fei , Yuan Xiao‐Wei , Deng Liang , Tang Di 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and characterized by metastasizing and infiltrating adjacent and distant tissues. Notably, microRNA‐1271 (miR‐1271) is a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Therefore, we evaluate the ability of miR‐1271 to influence cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in HBV‐associated HCC through the Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway via targeting CCNA1. HBV‐associated HCC and adjacent normal tissues were collected to identify the expression of miR‐1271 and CCNA1. To verify the relationship between miR‐1271 and CCNA1, we used bioinformatics prediction and the dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. The effects of miR‐1271 on HBV‐associated HCC cell behaviors were investigated by treatment of the miR‐1271 mimic, the miR‐1271 inhibitor, or small interfering RNA against CCNA1. The HBV‐DNA quantitative assay, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromid assay, scratch test, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect HBV‐DNA replication, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. MiR‐1271 showed a low expression, whereas CCNA1 showed a high expression in HBV‐associated HCC tissues. We identified that miR‐1271 targeted and negatively regulated CCNA1. Upregulated miR‐1271 and downregulated CCNA1 inhibited the HBV‐associated HCC cell HBV‐DNA replication, proliferation, migration, and invasion, while accelerating apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. MiR‐1271 promotes the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway by binding to CCNA1, whereby miR‐1271 suppresses HBV‐associated HCC progression. This study points to a potential therapeutic approach of downregulation of miR‐1271 in HBV‐associated HCC treatment.
Leukemia inhibitory factor inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer by inducing G1‐phase arrest
Authors: Xu Guoxing , Wang Haibin , Li Weizheng , Xue Zengfu , Luo Qi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLeukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a member of the interleukin‐6 cytokine family, plays a complex role in cancer. LIF inhibits the proliferation and survival of several myeloid leukemia cells but promotes tumor progression and metastasis in many solid tumors. However, the relationship between LIF and gastric cancer has not been well understood. LIF was downregulated in gastric cancer as detected by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Notably, LIF was downregulated in approximately 70% (56/80) of primary gastric cancers, in which it was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor overall survival (median 5‐year survival = 26 vs. 43 months for patients with high LIF expression and low LIF expression gastric cancer, respectively). To study the potential function of LIF in the downregulation of gastric cancer, we monitored the behavior using proliferation, cell cycle, and flow cytometry analysis. Overexpression of LIF inhibited the gastric cancer cell cycle in the G1 phase. In our experiment, overexpression of LIF by lentivirus upregulated P21 and downregulated cyclin D1. Recombinant human LIF also downregulated P21 and cyclin D1 at various times. A further in vivo tumor formation study in nude mice indicated that overexpression of LIF in gastric cancer significantly delayed the progress of tumor formation. These findings indicate that LIF may serve as a negative regulator of gastric cancer.
The role of microRNAs regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis
Authors: Javadian Mahsa , Gharibi Tohid , Shekari Najibeh , Abdollahpour‐Alitappeh Meghdad , Mohammadi Ali , Hossieni Arezoo , Mohammadi Hamed , Kazemi Tohid 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several biological and physiological processes in mammalian cells, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Recent studies have confirmed the alteration of them during the cancer development. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), belonging to the large family of proteases, have also been demonstrated to play crucial roles in tissue remodeling, and to support cancer progression and metastasis. There are several known miRNAs which regulate the MMP family and their expression. The expression profiles of miRNAs involved in MMP regulation, change during cancer progression, and metastasis. The present review focuses on important miRNAs capable of targeting MMPs through direct and indirect interactions during the breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis.