bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechano‐Fenton–Piranha Oxidation of Carbon Nanotubes for Energy Application
Authors: Wei Chaohui , Akinwolemiwa Bamidele , Wang Qingfu , Guan Li , Xia Lan , Hu Di , Tang Bencan , Yu Linpo , Chen George Z. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEmission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from chemical processing of materials is a serious environmental concern, frustrating the development of many innovative technologies. For example, sulfonitric oxidation is the most widely used method for processing carbon nanotubes (CNTs), producing a large amount of NOx. As a result, large scale applications of CNTs for downstream purposes remain challenging. Herein, a NOx‐free oxidation method is proposed for CNTs processing. It starts with mechanically grinding, and then oxidizing the CNTs by hydroxyl radicals in sealed reactors. Such processed CNTs are shorter, possess balanced surface oxygen containing groups without compromising the original CNT integrity, and can disperse readily in water. These are desirable for making various CNT composites, including those with conducting polymers for supercapacitors. The reactors in the process are industrially adoptable, promising a great technological and commercial future.
Electric Field–Controlled Multistep Proton Evolution in HxSrCoO2.5 with Formation of H–H Dimer
Authors: Li Hao‐Bo , Lou Feng , Wang Yujia , Zhang Yang , Zhang Qinghua , Wu Dong , Li Zhuolu , Wang Meng , Huang Tongtong , Lyu Yingjie , Guo Jingwen , Chen Tianzhe , Wu Yang , Arenholz Elke , Lu Nianpeng , Wang Nanlin , He Qing , Gu Lin , Zhu Jing , Nan Ce‐Wen , Zhong Xiaoyan , Xiang Hongjun , Yu Pu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIonic evolution–induced phase transformation can lead to wide ranges of novel material functionalities with promising applications. Here, using the gating voltage during ionic liquid gating as a tuning knob, the brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 is transformed into a series of protonated HxSrCoO2.5 phases with distinct hydrogen contents. The unexpected electron to charge‐neutral doping crossover along with the increase of proton concentration from x = 1 to 2 suggests the formation of exotic charge neutral H–H dimers for higher proton concentration, which is directly visualized at the vacant tetrahedron by scanning transmission electron microscopy and then further supported by first principles calculations. Although the H–H dimers cause no change of the valency of Co2+ ions, they result in clear enhancement of electronic bandgap and suppression of magnetization through lattice expansion. These results not only reveal a hydrogen chemical state beyond anion and cation within the complex oxides, but also suggest an effective pathway to design functional materials through tunable ionic evolution.
Plasma‐Strengthened Lithiophilicity of Copper Oxide Nanosheet–Decorated Cu Foil for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Luan Jingyi , Zhang Qi , Yuan Hongyan , Sun Dan , Peng Zhiguang , Tang Yougen , Ji Xiaobo , Wang Haiyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLithium metal is the most ideal anode for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. However, the formation of lithium dendrites and the continuous consumption of electrolyte during cycling lead to a serious safety problems. Developing stable lithium metal anode with uniform lithium deposition is highly desirable. Herein, a nitrogen plasma strengthening strategy is proposed for copper oxide nanosheet–decorated Cu foil as an advanced current collector, and deep insights into the plasma regulating mechanism are elaborated. The plasma‐treated electrode can maintain a high coulombic efficiency of 99.6% for 500 cycles. The symmetric cell using the lithium‐plated electrode can be cycled for more than 600 h with a low‐voltage hysteresis (23.1 mV), which is much better than those of electrodes without plasma treatment. It is well confirmed that this plasma‐induced nitrogen doping method can provide sufficient active sites for lithium nucleation to enhance the stability of lithium deposition on copper oxide nanosheets decorated on Cu foil and improve the electrical conductivity to greatly reduce the overpotential of the lithium nucleation, which can be extended to other modified current collectors for stable lithium metal anode.
Sulfiphilic Few‐Layered MoSe2 Nanoflakes Decorated rGO as a Highly Efficient Sulfur Host for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Tian Wenzhi , Xi Baojuan , Feng Zhenyu , Li Haibo , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been regarded as a competitive candidate for next‐generation electrochemical energy‐storage technologies due to their merits in energy density. The sluggish redox kinetics of the electrochemistry and the high solubility of polysulfides during cycling result in insufficient sulfur utilization, severe polarization, and poor cyclic stability. Herein, sulfiphilic few‐layered MoSe2 nanoflakes decorated rGO (MoSe2@rGO) hybrid has been synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method and for the first time, is used as a conceptually new‐style sulfur host for LSBs. Specifically, MoSe2@rGO not only strongly interacts with polysulfides but also dynamically strengthens polysulfide redox reactions. The polarization problem is effectively alleviated by relying on the sulfiphilic MoSe2. Moreover, MoSe2@rGO is demonstrated to be beneficial for the fast nucleation and uniform deposition of Li2S, contributing to the high discharge capacity and good cyclic stability. A high initial capacity of 1608 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, a slow decay rate of 0.042% per loop at 0.25 C, and a high reversible capacity of 870 mAh g−1 with areal sulfur loading of 4.2 mg cm−2 at 0.3 C are obtained. The concept of introducing sulfiphilic transition‐metal selenides into the LSBs system can stimulate engineering of novel architectures with enhanced properties for various energy‐storage devices.
Pollen limitation and autonomous selfing ability interact to shape variation in outcrossing rate across a species range
Authors: Koski Matthew H. , Galloway Laura F. , Busch Jeremiah W. 
Published: August 2019

PremiseHermaphroditic plants commonly reproduce through a mixture of selfing and outcrossing. The degree to which outcrossing rates reflect the availability of outcross pollen, genetic differentiation in the ability to autonomously self‐fertilize, or both is often unclear. Despite the potential for autonomy and the pollination environment to jointly influence outcrossing, this interaction is rarely studied.MethodsWe reviewed studies from the literature that tested whether the pollination environment or floral traits that cause autonomous selfing predict variation in outcrossing rate among populations. We also measured outcrossing rates in 23 populations ofCampanula americanaand examined associations with the pollination environment, autonomy, and their interaction.ResultsOur review revealed that traits that facilitate selfing were often negatively associated with outcrossing rates whereas most aspects of the pollination environment poorly predicted outcrossing. Populations ofC. americanavaried from mixed mating to highly outcrossing, but variation was unrelated to population size, density, pollen limitation, or autonomous selfing ability. Outcrossing rate was significantly influenced by an interaction between autonomous selfing ability and pollen limitation. Across highly autonomous populations, elevated pollen limitation was associated with reduced outcrossing, while there was no relationship for less autonomous populations.ConclusionsBoth the ability to self autonomously and pollen limitation interact to shape outcrossing rates inC. americana. This work suggests that autonomy affords mating‐system flexibility, though it is not ubiquitous in all populations across the species range. Interactions between traits influencing autonomy and pollen limitation are likely to explain variation in outcrossing rates among populations of flowering plants.
Congenital hyperinsulinism disorders: Genetic and clinical characteristics
Authors: Rosenfeld Elizabeth , Ganguly Arupa , De Leon Diva D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCongenital hyperinsulinism (HI) is the most frequent cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infants and children. Delays in diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment contribute to a high risk of neurocognitive impairment. HI represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by dysregulated insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cells, which in utero, may result in somatic overgrowth. There are at least nine known monogenic forms of HI as well as several syndromic forms. Molecular diagnosis allows for prediction of responsiveness to medical treatment and likelihood of surgically‐curable focal hyperinsulinism. Timely genetic mutation analysis has thus become standard of care. However, despite significant advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of this disorder, the number of patients without an identified genetic diagnosis remains high, suggesting that there are likely additional genetic loci that have yet to be discovered.
Enantioselective synthesis of 3‐amino‐1‐aryl‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitrile derivatives by Fe3O4@PS‐arginine as an efficient chiral magnetic nanocatalyst
Authors: Kargar Karkhah Maryam , Kefayati Hassan , Shariati Shahab 
Published: August 2019

A novel chiral magnetic nanocatalyst was prepared by the surface modification of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with a chloropropylsilane and further by arginine to form Fe3O4@propylsilan‐arginine (Fe3O4@PS‐Arg). After the structural confirmation of Fe3O4@PS‐Arg synthesized MNPs by Fourier transform‐infrared, X‐ray diffraction, field emission‐scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating‐sample magnetometry and thermogravimetric analyses, their catalytic activity was evaluated for one‐pot enantioselective synthesis of 3‐amino‐1‐aryl‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitrile derivatives. The results showed that in the presence of 0.07 g Fe3O4@PS‐Arg nanocatalyst and ethanol as solvent, the best reaction yield (96%) was obtained in the least time (5 min). Easy operation, reusability and stability, short reaction time, high reaction yields and good enantioselectivity are the major advantages of the newly synthesized nanocatalyst. Also, this study provides a novel strategy for further research and investigation on the synthesis of new reusable enantioselective catalysts and chiral compounds.
An aminoquinoline based fluorescent probe for sequential detection of Znic (II) and inorganic phosphate and application in living cell imaging
Authors: Fu Jiaxin , Chang Yongxin , Li Bai , Mei Huihui , Xu Kuoxi 
Published: August 2019

A novel fluorescent probe 5‐(diethylamino)‐2‐(((2‐(hydroxymethyl)quinolin‐8‐yl)imino)methyl)phenol (QS) was synthesized by condensation reaction of 8‐aminoquinoline derivative and 4‐(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde. It was found that the probe QS was capable of high selectivity and sensitivity about specific color and fluorescence changes towards Zn2+ ion in EtOH‐H2O (v/v = 4/1, 0.01 M, Tris–HCl buffer, pH = 7.30) solution. The interaction of QS with Zn2+ ion illustrated a “turn‐on” fluorescence response at 550 nm (λex: 458 nm), moreover, after the subsequent addition of inorganic phosphate (Pi) into the solution above, a “turn‐off” fluorescence response was observed. The sensing ability of the probe QS towards Zn2+ was confirmed by fluorescence titration, UV–Vis titration and HRMS analysis. Besides, the intracellular sensing behavior of QS with Zn2+ and Pi were captured in living PC12 cells. The limit of detection (LOD) for Zn2+ and Pi sensing was found to be 0.03 μM and 0.08 μM, respectively.
Study on plasticization and flame retardancy of phosphorus‐containing branched polybutylene adipate in poly (vinyl chloride)
Authors: Xu Luping , Yan Shun , Fu Jinyu , Li Jiekang , Xie Jixing 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe antimigration polyester plasticizers have been attracting more attention in recent years due to the environmental pollution problems. Therefore, in order to decrease the impacts on environment, the linear polybutylene adipate (LPBA) with low molecular weight was synthesized by melting polycondensation and using adipic acid and 1,4‐butanediol (BD) as raw materials, then three hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide (THPO) as a branching agent was introduced into LPBA to prepare a phosphorus‐containing branched polybutylene adipate (BPBAP), and its structures was well‐characterized. For the purpose of studying their plasticizing effects, the BPBAP was blended with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to obtain a composite material. The results of antimigration testing demonstrate that the BPBAP had better antimigration properties than other plasticizers. Meanwhile, the mechanical property data indicate that the plasticizing effect of BPBAP for PVC is better than that of LPBA. The elongation at break of PVC/BPBAP3 (amount of 3.0% THPO as branching agent) reaches 152%, which is 30.7% higher than that of PVC/LPBA. The low‐temperature toughness of PVC/BPBAP3 is 26.9% higher than that of PVC/LPBA. Finally, about fire‐resisted performance, PVC/BPBAP5 (amount of 5.0% THPO as branching agent) is 34.1% lower than that of PVC/dioctyl phthalate for peak heat release rate. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48335.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 6‐substituted quinolines derived from cabozantinib as c‐Met inhibitors
Authors: Lien Vegard Torp , Pettersen Solveig , Haugen Mads Haugland , Olberg Dag Erlend , Mælandsmo Gunhild M. , Klaveness Jo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBased on the cabozantinib scaffold, novel c‐Met inhibitors were rationalized from the limited knowledge of structure‐activity relationships for the quinoline 6‐position. Emphasis was given to modifications capable of engaging in additional polar interactions with the c‐Met active site. In addition, ortho‐fluorinations of the terminal benzene ring were explored. Fifteen new molecules were synthesized and evaluated in a c‐Met enzymatic binding assay. A wide range of substituents were tolerated in the quinoline 6‐position, while the ortho‐fluorinations performed were shown to give considerable reductions in the c‐Met binding affinity. The antiproliferative effects of the compounds were evaluated in the NCI60 cancer cell line panel. Most notably, compounds 15b and 18b were able to inhibit cell proliferation more efficiently than cabozantinib in leukemia, CNS, and breast cancer cell lines. The in vitro data agreed well with the in silico docking results, where additional hydrogen bonding was identified in the enzymatic pocket for the para‐amino substituted 15b and 18b.
Beanspruchungsoptimierte Faltungen aus Stahl für selbsttragende Raumfaltwerke
Authors: Musto Juan , Lyon Max , Trautz Martin , Kobbelt Leif 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDer Einsatz von Faltungen beschränkt sich im Bauwesen auf Longitudinalfaltungen (Trapezbleche) und regelmäßige Faltungen. Raumfaltwerke und Faltleichtbauplatten, räumlich gekrümmte und dreidimensionale Flächentragwerke sind Desiderate eines Leichtbaus mit Stahlblechen. Raumfaltwerke bestehen vorwiegend aus regelmäßigen Faltmustern, die auf Tesselierung mit Primitivflächen (Drei‐ und Vierecke) basieren. Um die Effizienz dieser Leichtbaustrukturen zu verbessern, liegt es nahe, statt regelmäßige und auf geometrischen Prinzipien basierende Faltmuster umzusetzen, Faltmuster nach Maßgabe der Beanspruchungen bzw. der Beanspruchungsverteilung anzuwenden. Hierzu ist ein Formfindungsprozess zu entwickeln, der auf der Generierung eines Trajektoriennetzes basiert, das aus dem maßgeblichen Lastfall (formgebenden Lastfall) abgeleitet wird. Der Vergleich des Masseneinsatzes und der Traglast der Faltungen, die auf geometrischer Basis erzeugt wurden, mit einer auf Basis des Trajektoriennetzes entwickelten Faltung zeigt die Veränderung der Effizienz.
Moderne Holzbrücken planen, bauen, erhalten – Teil 2: Bauausführung und Erhaltung
Authors: Simon Antje , Koch Johannes , Jahreis Markus G. , Arndt Ralf W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBisher gab es für den Bau von Holzbrücken nur unzureichende Vorgaben in den nationalen und europäischen Regelwerken, woraus für den Holzbrückenbau ein erheblicher Wettbewerbsnachteil entstand. An der Fachhochschule Erfurt wurde daher das Forschungsprojekt „Protected Timber Bridges (ProTimB)“ initiiert. Ziel dieses Projekts war es, einheitliche Richtlinien für den Entwurf, die Baudurchführung und die Erhaltung geschützter Holzbrücken in Anlehnung an die für die anderen Baustoffe anerkannten Regelwerke zu erarbeiten.Der erste Teil des Beitrags gibt einen Überblick über die Inhalte des gesamten Forschungsvorhabens und erläutert die neuen Richtlinien für den Entwurf. Der vorliegende zweite Teil fokussiert auf die Bauausführung und die Überwachung, Wartung und Prüfung geschützter Holzbrücken. Damit werden alle Phasen von der Planung über den Bau bis zur Erhaltung einer Holzbrücke ganzheitlich unter den Aspekten der größtmöglichen Dauerhaftigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit betrachtet.Für die Bauausführung wurden „Empfehlungen für Technische Vertragsbedingungen für Holzbrücken – ETV‐HolzBr“ erarbeitet. Die ETV‐HolzBr definieren Anforderungen an das zu verwendende Material sowie an den Holz‐ und Korrosionsschutz. Der Schwerpunkt liegt in der Zusammenstellung von Vertragsbedingungen für Herstellung, Transport, Lagerung, Lieferung und Montage von Holzbrücken. Ergänzend sind Hinweise zum Bau von Holz‐Beton‐Verbund‐ und Grünbrücken aus Holz enthalten.Zum Thema „Erhaltung“ entstanden Musterhandbücher für die Wartung und Prüfung von Holzbrücken, Empfehlungen für die Durchführung einer objektbezogenen Schadensanalyse sowie ein Konzept für einen Weiterbildungslehrgang für das Bauwerksprüfpersonal.
Temporäre Brückenverstärkung für Sondertransporte
Authors: Suza Dominik , Klusáček Ladislav , Suza Igor , Reichenbach Sara , Gaßner Georg 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn diesem Bericht wird ein neuer Ansatz für eine kurzzeitige Brückenverstärkung vorgestellt. Die Brückentragkonstruktion wird bei dieser Methode über die Länge der Spannweite durch aktive temporäre Stützen unterstützt, um eine größere Tragfähigkeit der Konstruktion zu erreichen. Obwohl diese Brückenverstärkungsmethode bereits über die letzten Jahrzehnte erfolgreich eingesetzt wurde, ist sie in vielen Ländern der EU unbekannt. Hinzu kommt, dass viele Unternehmen, die diese Verstärkungsmethode verwenden, sich oft noch an alte vereinfachte Berechnungsmodelle und Randbedingungen, die die Effektivität der Methode einschränken, halten [1]. Zudem wird mit dem alten Modell die Realität nicht ausreichend abgebildet und die Ergebnisse liegen teilweise auf der unsicheren Seite.Der vorgestellte neue Ansatz der kurzzeitigen Brückenverstärkungsmethode mit einem temporären Stützsystem beruht auf den Erkenntnissen aus einem Monitoring von Überfahrten von Schwertransporten auf realen Brückenkonstruktionen. Ein mathematisches Modell, das die Eigenschaften der realen Konstruktion realitätsnah beschreiben kann, wird präsentiert. Des Weiteren wird ein hydraulisches Hilfsgerät, das an der Technischen Universität in Brno (VUT FAST) erfunden wurde, vorgestellt.
Simultaneous ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry determination of six components in rat plasma after oral administration of Smilacis glabrae Roxb. extract
Authors: Xie Jing , Li Li , Shi Yurui , Chen Rongda , Liu Guiming , Wang Mengxue , Zheng Meizhu , Zhang Ning 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, an accurate and reliable method of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was firstly developed and fully validated for the simultaneous determination of epicatechin, neoastilbin, astilbin, isoastilbin, engeletin and resveratrol in rat plasma after administration of Smilacis glabrae Roxb. extract. Naringenin was used as an internal standard (IS). The analyte and IS were separated on a C18 column by gradient elution with a mobile phase of acetonitrile–0.3% acetic acid at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min for a total run time of 8 min. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect and stability. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the main pharmacokinetic parameters of six components in rat plasma.
In vitro anticomplementary activity and quality evaluation of dried blossoms of Inula nervosa Wall. from different geographical origins
Authors: Wen Zhiqi , Huang Wenping , Long Wei , Gong Jianping , Wu Dong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBlossoms of Inula nervosa Wall. (BINW) are traditionally used as an analgesic and antitussive in China. In this study, in vitro anticomplementary activities of crude extract from BINW in 21 batches and of extracts of four monomeric compounds were evaluated by the classical pathway. The effect of the region of origin on the quality of BINW was evaluated by fingerprint analysis for the first time. Furthermore, chemometric methods including similarity analysis and principal component analysis were employed to evaluate the quality of BINW. The nine major monomeric compounds were quantitated by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography. All nine analytes demonstrated excellent linearity with recoveries ranging from 97.25% to 102.76%. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.07–12.20 μg/mL and 0.22–40.27 μg/mL, respectively. Results indicate that different regions of origin have a significant effect on the quality of BINW. Fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics and multi‐ingredient determination is an efficient and reliable approach for quality evaluation. The BINW samples from Yunnan had the highest ratio of 1,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid and thymol; they also exhibited significantly higher anticomplementary activity than those from three other areas. This study successfully established a rapid and efficient method to evaluate the quality and biological activity of BINW.
Can proactive environmental strategy improve Multilatinas' level of internationalization? The moderating role of board independence
Authors: Duque‐Grisales Eduardo , Aguilera‐Caracuel Javier , Guerrero‐Villegas Jaime , García‐Sánchez Encarnación 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the relationships between proactive environmental strategy (PES) and internationalization in emerging markets multinationals from Latin America (Multilatinas). Drawing on the resource‐based view and institutional theory and using a sample of 86 listed firms during the period 2013–2017, we find that Multilatinas with higher tiers of PES are associated with higher degrees of geographic international diversification. Because adopting PES is directly conditioned by institutional pressures to comply with stakeholders' regulations and expectations, Multilatinas that implement advanced PES will be able to achieve a higher level of international presence in foreign markets. Our results also reveal that board independence positively moderates the relationship between PES and geographic international diversification. Specifically, board independence provides Multilatinas with the opportunity to integrate valuable knowledge and expertise and thus to take advantage of implementing advanced PES to achieve even greater levels of internationalization. This study expands understanding of how environmental strategies influence internationalization of firms in the Latin American business context.