bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolución jurisprudencial que ha tenido el derecho a la intimidad (visita conyugal) en la población carcelaria Colombiana
Authors: Sabogal Villa Cesar Alexander , Betancur Duque Edna Victoria , Eusse Palacio Erika Yurany , Ossa García Gustavo Adolfo , Perea Mena Yirfa Mercedes 
Published: June 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como tema central el derecho a la intimidad de la población carcelaria en Colombia, con esta investigación se pretende acercar al lector y la población interesada, a conocer como desde una línea jurisprudencial las diferentes posturas de la Corte Constitucional limitan en gran medida o no el derecho a la intimidad personal. Es por ello que desde la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, desde la facultad de ciencias jurídicas, sociales y humanísticas y desde el programa de derecho presentamos nuestro proyecto integrador de semestre, el cual no solo nos adentrará a visualizar y comprender dicha problemática desde una óptima más crítica, sino también que nos llevará a construir una reflexión jurídica.Se trata de una garantía: derecho a la visita conyugal, en el cual internos de las distintas cárceles, tienen la oportunidad de gozar un espacio y momento íntimo con la pareja, sin embargo, mediante medidas restrictivas de instituciones como el INPEC, han dado pie a elevar una serie de acciones que culminan en sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, lo que ha terminado en significar un avance en materia jurisprudencial, los cuales son expuestos en este trabajo para lograr así evidenciar el soporte con el que cuenta dicho derecho y las variaciones que se han presentado.Cabe señalar que la jurisprudencia es constante a través del tiempo, por ello es necesario conocer cuál es la actual realidad que se vive en cuanto a este tema, para que los mismos ciudadanos que se encuentran purgando penas, logren identificar cómo ha sido la evolución normativa mediante las sentencias seleccionadas.En conjunto, este abordaje responde a una situación carcelaria compleja, donde la población que se encuentra tras las rejas reclama unas condiciones mínimas frente al derecho a la intimidad y que ha sido restringido como consecuencia de las condiciones de hacinamiento, pero que en la medida que se presentan las sentencias aquí estudiadas, se puede aproximar a una posible línea de corte constitucional y proceder de los jueces de la república.
The experiences of DMS trained GPs and direct entrants in their first 5 years post CCT: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Blackadder-Weinstein Jodie , Smith Michael 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundIn developing the Ministry of Defence (MoD) First5 network, a database of all Tri-Service doctors in their First5 years post receiving their certificate of completion of training (CCT). However, on building the database, up to 23% of doctors, trained by the MoD were no longer regular service military personal within 5 years of completing their GP training.AimTo explore the experience of Defence Medical Services (DMS) trained GPs and direct entrants in in their First5 years post CCT.MethodAn invitation was extended to all GPs currently in the DMS and all those that trained in the Defence Deanery, who gained their CCT between 2011 and 2018. An initial focus group of was conducted, the themes then contributed to the semi-structured interview questions.ResultsFive themes were identified from the focus groups and interviews: Is the apprenticeship model dead? What is my role again? ‘I just don’t think they got the best care they could’ve’. The importance of autonomy and innovation. Should I stay or should I go now?ConclusionDMS should work to establish an environment in which all military First5s have autonomy over their practice; the ability innovate; and a forum in which they can share. This must go hand-in-hand with newly qualified military GPs being supported in their management and administrative learning, while being mentored by an engaged colleague to help understand ‘what’s next’ in their portfolio career.
An audit on the use and utility of midstream specimen of urine cultures in general practice
Authors: Shears Bethany , Finnikin Samuel 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundA midstream specimen of urine (MSU) culture is a diagnostic test commonly used to guide the management of suspected lower urinary tract infections (LUTI). Inappropriate use of MSUs leads to unnecessary treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria, delayed antibiotic prescriptions, and increased costs.AimThis audit investigates the use of MSUs in a primary care practice in Birmingham before and after an educational intervention designed to increase adherence to guidelines.MethodAll MSUs sent during June and July 2017 for non-pregnant adults were audited. Patient demographics, request details, indications, dipstick results, and relevant prescriptions were extracted from the electronic record. Clinical management was compared with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) quality standard QS90. Results were presented to practice staff; training based on QS90 was given and supported by new management algorithms. Re-audit was then undertaken over another 2-month period.ResultsThe audit included 157 samples, with a further 138 samples in the re-audit. The proportion of MSU samples that were clinically indicated increased from 66% to 77% following the educational intervention. Suspected LUTI was the most common indication in both audit cycles: 68% and 64% respectively. Adherence to QS90 increased from 68% to 84% and improvements were seen among both doctors (71% to 78%) and practice nurses (36% to 55%).ConclusionEducational intervention and the introduction of management algorithms improved adherence to NICE QS90. There is scope for enhancement with further education and uptake of management algorithms. The cohort is small and limited to one practice, but could easily be repeated on other sites.
What is the evidence behind guideline recommendations to monitor chronic diseases in UK primary care?
Authors: Elwenspoek Martha , Patel Rita , Watson Jessica , Mann Ed , Alsop Katharine , Whiting Penny 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundMore than half of tests ordered by GP practices are to monitor long-term conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a large variation in ordered tests between GP practices, suggesting some tests may not be appropriate. Unnecessary testing should be avoided as it can generate anxiety for patients, increase workload for doctors, and increase costs for the health service.AimThe objective was to review monitoring strategies for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and CKD patients and to investigate the evidence-base underlying these recommendations.MethodCurrent UK guidelines on the relevant diseases were reviewed. Any guidance on the use of laboratory tests for disease monitoring (not including drug monitoring recommendations), the recommended frequency of testing, as well as the level of evidence on which the guidance was based was extracted.ResultsGuidelines for the use of monitoring tests in primary care for hypertension, diabetes, and CKD are unclear and incomplete; for example, recommended frequency of testing varied between guidelines or was not specified at all. Current recommendations for monitoring chronic diseases are largely based on expert opinion; robust evidence for optimal monitoring strategies and testing intervals is lacking.ConclusionIn the absence of clear evidence, clinicians should consider which tests are likely to influence patient management and should ensure that there is a clear clinical rationale for each test that they perform. Future research should address what the optimal strategy for monitoring chronic conditions consists of, and how it can be evaluated.
Feasibility, acceptability, and content of video consulting in primary care
Authors: Donaghy Eddie , Hammersley Vicky , Atherton Helen , Bikker Annemieke , Mcneilly Hannah , Campbell John , McKinstry Brian 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundGovernment leaders have called for increased use of video-consulting (VC) in clinical practice. Although provided by the private sector, it is rarely used in NHS primary care. It is unclear how VC differs from telephone (TC) or face-to-face consulting (FTFC), or how useful clinicians and patients find it.AimTo assess the feasibility and acceptability to patients and clinicians of running a VC service in general practice and to explore differences in duration and content compared with FTFC and TC.MethodVC equipment was installed in six GP practices and 13 clinicians were asked to identify patients who required follow-up consultations and who had access to a smart-device or laptop. They were offered the choice of a VC, TC, or FTFC. Consultations were audiorecorded and content analysed using the RIAS system. Patient and clinician views were obtained by questionnaires and interviews.ResultsOne hundred and forty-seven patients were recruited (FTFC = 51, TC = 51, VC = 45). VC users were generally younger. VCs and TCs were shorter (mean VC 5.9, TC 5.6, FTFCs 9.6 minutes), addressed fewer problems (mean VC 1.5, TC 1.7, FTFC 2.0) and had less information exchange than FTFCs. Technical problems were common, but VCs offered significant advantages over TC in terms of non-verbal communication. VC was considered particularly useful to working and housebound people and for those with mental health problems.ConclusionVC has distinct advantages over TC. When integrated into current systems VC will provide an alternative to FTFC. Where formal physical examination is not required (discussing test results, medication changes and mental health) it offers considerable time savings to patients.
The evaluation of large-scale collaborations between primary care general practices
Authors: Harshfield Amelia , Elmore Natasha , Sussex Jon 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundGeneral practice is under mounting pressure to ensure its future sustainability. Collaborations between GP practices are perceived as one way to respond to these pressures and they have been mandated by The NHS Long Term Plan.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the facilitators, barriers, impacts, and costs associated with collaboration.MethodA rapid evidence assessment was carried out between September and November 2018. Publications over the last 20 years were eligible for inclusion if they were in English and covered any high-income OECD country. Publications between 1998 and 2012 inclusive, were limited to reviews only. No methodological restrictions were applied to publications between 2013 and 2018. A total of 52 publications were included for final data extraction (36 academic and 16 grey literature).ResultsFacilitators of GP collaboration include strong leadership, external support, trusting relationships, clear roles and objectives, and mutual shared history/vision. Barriers to collaboration were tied to an absence of key elements such as lack of clarity, core skills, time, human resources, trust, financial support, face-to-face interactions, and leadership. Positive impacts of collaboration included the delivery of high-quality health care, better clinical health outcomes, and improve employee satisfaction while negative impacts included challenging GP autonomy, feeling overwhelmed by workload, and a reduction of continuity of care for patients.ConclusionThere are numerous facilitators to GP collaboration. Barriers are often present as an absence of facilitators. Further research is needed to evidence the impact(s) and cost-effectiveness of GP practice collaboration.
Identifying and rectifying prescriptions of long-acting antimuscarinic and beta-agonist inhalers without inhaled corticosteroids to asthma patients: an audit from a UK general practice surgery
Authors: Robinson Toni , Edwards John , Cottrell Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundIn the UK 5.4 million people receive treatment for asthma. Patients diagnosed with asthma should not be prescribed a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), or a long-acting beta 2 agonist (LABA) without co-prescription of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), due to the increased risk of death.AimTo identify patients with asthma (+/− COPD), who have a current prescription for a LABA/LAMA without an ICS.MethodAudit criteria were derived from guidelines relevant to the Asthma UK national review, with standards of 100%. An electronic medical record search identified patients prescribed a LABA/LAMA without an ICS. Patients without a coded diagnosis and those with a diagnosis of asthma (+/− COPD) were identified for action.ResultsFifty-four patients from the practice population (n = 11 293) were prescribed a LABA/LAMA without an ICS. Of these, 7% (n = 4) did not have a relevant coded diagnosis. Of the remaining 50 patients, 16% (n = 8) had a diagnosis of asthma (+/− COPD). Re-audit results found 3% (n = 2) of patients did not have a relevant coded diagnosis. Patients with an asthma (+/−COPD) diagnosis on a LABA/LAMA without an ICS decreased to 11% (n = 7).ConclusionSuboptimal coding and potentially risky prescriptions were identified. Interventions were to ensure patients have a coded diagnosis, review LABA/LAMA without ICS prescriptions, discuss audit results with practice prescribers, and to activate electronic alerts to prompt safe prescriptions. Following re-audit, the patients with asthma (+/− COPD) still on a LABA/LAMA have been offered appointments to clarify their asthma diagnosis or to explain the risks associated with LABA/LAMA prescription without an ICS.
Exploring the educational value of an ITP in integrated community care
Authors: Sheldrake Laura , Lyon-Maris Johnny , Scallan Samantha 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundITPs (Integrated or Innovative Training Programmes) have been recognised as a distinct type of training post for general practice. Previous research has found them to provide an enhanced training experience. This work describes and evaluates a ‘new generation’ ITP post which piloted in the New Forest.AimThe evaluation aimed to determine if the integrated structure provided a positive educational experience and if it prepared trainees for a career in general practice. It was designed and conducted by GPST3 trainees.MethodThe post comprised a mix of 2 days a week in GP and 3 days in community healthcare posts. The posts were evaluated using a focus group of trainees and trainers, and a survey.ResultsParticipating trainees and trainers reported that the post was helpful in developing skills and competencies related to community care, but identified some challenges. Three key themes were identified: perceptions of improved quality of training; feeling better prepared for a career in GP; and better awareness of primary–secondary care system and interface.ConclusionICCs mark a welcome return of ITPs to GP training and can offer a positive experience to trainees in developing their care knowledge and skills. The trainees undertaking this evaluation gained insight into evaluation research. There continues to be a role for integrated training posts in training, especially with the increasing care complexity. ITPs can add a different dimension to experience in training.
Perceptions and experiences of rare diseases among the GP population in Northern Ireland
Authors: McMullan Julie , lenaghan Taylor McC , Crowe Ashleen , McKnight Amy Jayne , McAneney Helen 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundRare diseases are often complex, life-long conditions with a genetic basis. With advances in phenotyping and genomic medicine, there are now >8000 rare diseases reported. A rare disease is defined by an incidence of <5 cases per 10 000 population; although they are individually rare, collectively they are much more common with 1 in 17 persons affected in their lifetime. The Northern Ireland Rare Disease Implementation Plan (2015) highlighted the need for better coordination of care, the empowerment of patients, better diagnostics, and earlier disease interventions. The report also acknowledged the difficult role that GPs have, especially in the diagnosis of rare diseases. GPs play an important role in healthcare delivery for people living with a rare disease and their families. However, many GPs report challenge identifying and managing individuals with a rare disease appropriately.AimTo explore GP’s perceptions and experiences of rare diseases.MethodA literature review of published research related to GPs and rare disease will be conducted. Databases searched include Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. Additionally, an online survey will be completed by GPs November 2018–spring 2019, with follow-up qualitative interviews providing further in-depth information.ResultsInitial searches have revealed 27 relevant publications. A summary of the findings from the literature review will be presented, alongside findings from our GP survey.ConclusionMuch can be learned from the experiences of current GPs to identify rare disease information needs and resources that enable effective GP-patient partnerships.
Публічно-приватне партнерство у республіці Польща: становлення та розвиток
Authors: Лахижа М. І. , Єгоричева С. Б. 
Published: June 2019

Проаналізовано еволюцію польського законодавства з питань публічно-приватного партнерства (підготовки закону про публічно-приватне партнерство 2005 р., дискусій щодо внесення змін до закону та процесу розробки з врахуванням пропозицій експертів та громадськості й прийняття нового закону 2008 р.). Виявлено переваги та недоліки нового закону й напрями зусиль органів влади та громадськості зі стимулювання публічно-приватного партнерства. Наголошено на зростанні уваги уряду до інституційного забезпечення публічно-приватного партнерства. Відзначено позитивний вплив публічно-приватного партнерства на формування сучасного публічного управління.
O criar em ação: concepções e reflexão para prática da criatividade
Authors: Alencar Andréa Gomes de 
Published: June 2019

Partindo do pressuposto de que o conceito de criatividade é encarado sob diversos aspectos no meio acadêmico, ora sendo observado como algo inato ao ser humano – e, portanto, não desenvolvido –, ora visto como uma habilidade que deve ser exercitada, propomos, nesse estudo, retomar algumas dessas teorias e evidenciar como esse conceito pode ser utilizado em sala de aula. Para tanto, além de apresentar apontamentos sobre o que seja, de fato, criatividade, trataremos de mostrar estratégias para seu desenvolvimento, bem como evidenciar como ela pode ser trabalhada no contexto escolar. Finalizaremos com uma análise de texto literário, apontando quais os recursos utilizados pela autora em sua prática criativa. Palavras-chave: produção de textos, competência criativa, desenvolvimento da criatividade
AVALIAÇÃO DE CURSOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E INDIVIDUAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DA ESCOLA BÁSICA
Authors: Cunha Claudia Madruga 
Published: June 2019

Este texto aborda um processo de qualificação docente que vinculado a Programa Institucional, se realiza na Universidade Federal de Paraná assim como em outras universidades estaduais que fazem parceria com a Secretaria Estadual de Educação. Seu objetivo é questionar como os professores do ensino básico avaliam sua prática de formação continuada deslocados de seus contextos. Isso por meio da análise dos dados obtidos através de um instrumento de avaliação aplicado aos professores participantes que destaca critérios sobre os quais avaliam os cursos que recebem nesta formação indicando a imagem de um coletivo profissional. A influência de um meio sobre outro, universidade e escola, é refletida, quando estes professores tentam se diferenciar, se individuar pelo estudo e pela pesquisa da própria prática. A teorização lança mão da perspectiva deleuziana sobre a diferença, dialogando com outros autores, na tentativa de explicitar que nesta qualificação docente, uma prática instituída na escola clama por novos sentidos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: avaliação, pratica docente, individuação
A ARENA DISCURSIVA UNIVERSIDADE - ESCOLA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Pereira Sílvia Letícia Matievicz 
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, examino a materialidade discursiva da interação entre professores universitários e professores da educação básica, participantes do Programa de Desenvolvimento Educacional do Paraná (PDE/PR) - política pública estadual de formação continuada ofertada anualmente a cerca de 2000 professores efetivos da rede pública de ensino. Este trabalho faz parte de pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, de caráter qualitativo-interpretativista, a qual tem como foco a reflexão sobre o papel desempenhado pela universidade na formação continuada de professores de língua portuguesa para o seu local de trabalho. A análise, orientada pelo dialogismo bakhtiniano (BAKHTIN, 1988, 2003; BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 2004), procura desvendar alguns contornos dessa interação. Os resultados evidenciam, no seio de um mesmo programa, diálogos distintos entre universidade e escola: um que favorece a manutenção da distância entre as duas esferas e outro que propicia a construção de conhecimentos específicos para o exercício da docência, com base no conhecimento acadêmico.
O TRATO ÉTICO COM A INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR EM SOCIEDADES ADMINISTRADAS
Authors: Silva Luciene Maria 
Published: June 2019

Resumo Este trabalho analisa os aspectos éticos envolvidos nos processos educacionais formativos que possibilitam ou não a construção de espaços para o desenvolvimento da consciência reflexiva capaz de recusar práticas discriminatórias fundadas em representações estereotipadas da diferença. Inicialmente aborda sobre a diferença como elemento de base para reivindicação da escola inclusiva numa sociedade que, por princípio, a nega ou a valoriza ao sabor dos interesses dominantes. Parte de uma compreensão sobre diversidade humana e as motivações que a negam numa perspectiva sócio-educacional, para em seguida mostrar a dinâmica do trato ético-pedagógico na escola inclusiva a partir de notas de pesquisa recente que destacam o preconceito aos incluídos da educação inclusiva. Confere particular atenção à discussão feita pelo filósofo frankfurtiano Theodor Adorno sobre a atual impossibilidade ética como doutrina da vida reta. Palavras-chave: Inclusão; ética; diferença
INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR COMO PROCESSO DE MANUTENÇÃO HEGEMÔNICA: A UNIVERSIDADE ABERTA DO BRASIL E PROCESSO DE BOLOGNA
Authors: Marins Guilherme Afonso Monteiro de Barros , Santos Fabiano Antonio dos 
Published: June 2019

Contraditoriamente a educação tem ocupado papel fundamental na formação de capital humano e de um projeto de emancipação. Neste campo, de intensa disputa, hegemonicamente ela serve ao capital que, contemporaneamente, se apresenta de forma financeirizada. Aliado a esta dinâmica, o processo de internacionalização da educação tem servido para disseminação de um modelo que necessita de consensos ativos. O caso mais evidente e atual dessa submissão, no ensino superior (ES), aos interesses hegemônicos é o Processo de Bologna (PB), que ao implementar um modelo internacional de ES influencia políticas educacionais brasileiras, como é o caso- de nosso objeto de investigação: a Universidade Aberta do Brasil. Através de análise documental, compreendemos como tem ocorrido a incorporação dos princípios de internacionalização do ES no contexto brasileiro. Percebemos que as categorias: participação e responsabilização; qualidade e resultados e estandardização tornam-se fulcrais para a implantação das políticas de ES no contexto da mundialização do capital.