bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid organ donation from the emergency department – A systematic review
Authors: McCallum Jessica , Ellis Brittany , Dhanani Sonny , Stiell Ian G. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesA significant gap exists between people awaiting an organ transplant and organ donors. The purpose of this study was to determine what percent of successful donors come from the emergency department (ED), whether there are any missed donors, and to identify factors associated with successful and missed donation.MethodsThis systematic review used electronic searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL according to PRISMA guidelines on July 7, 2017. We included primary literature in adults describing successful and missed organ donation. Two authors independently screened articles, and discrepancies were resolved through consensus. Quality was assessed using the STROBE checklist.ResultsThis systematic review identified 1,058 articles, and 25 articles were included. For neurologic determination of death, ED patients comprised 4%–50% of successful donors and 3.6%–8.9% of successful donors for donation after circulatory determination of death. ED death reviews revealed up to 84% of missed neurologic determination of death, and 46.2% of missed circulatory determination of death donors who died in the ED are missed due to a failure to refer for consideration of organ donation. Clinical heterogeneity precluded pooling of the data to conduct a meta-analysis.ConclusionsThe ED is a source of actual and missed donors. Potential donors are often missed due to incorrect assumptions regarding eligibility criteria and failure of the healthcare team to refer for consideration of donation. ED healthcare professionals should be aware of organ donation referral protocols at their institution to ensure that no organ donors are missed.
Adherence of older emergency department patients to community-based specialized geriatric services
Authors: MacDonald Zachary , Stiell Ian G. , Genovezos Ioanna , Eagles Debra 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesOur objective was to determine emergency department (ED) patient adherence to outpatient specialized geriatric services (SGS) following ED evaluation by the geriatric emergency management (GEM) nurse, and identify barriers and facilitators to attendance.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study at two academic EDs between July and December 2016, enrolling a convenience sample of patients ≥ 65 years, seen by a GEM nurse, referred to outpatient SGS, and consented to study participation. We completed a chart review and a structured telephone follow-up at 6 weeks. Descriptive statistics were used.ResultsWe enrolled 103/285 eligible patients (86 eligible but not enrolled, 86 declined specialized geriatric referrals, and 10 declined study participation). Patients were mean age of 83.1 years, 59.2% female, and 73.2% cognitively impaired. Reasons for referral included mobility (86.4%), cognition (56.3%), pain (38.8%), mood (35.0%), medications (33.0%), and nutrition (31.1%). Referrals were to Geriatric Day Hospital (GDH) programs (50.5%), geriatric outreach (26.2%), falls clinic (12.6%), and geriatric psychiatry (8.7%). Adherence with follow-up was 59.2%. Barriers to attendance included patient did not feel SGS were needed (52.1%), inability to recall GEM consultation (53.4%), and dependence on family for transportation (72.6%). Home-based assessments had the highest adherence (81.5%).ConclusionAdherence of older ED patients referred by the GEM team to SGS is suboptimal, and a large proportion of patients decline these referrals in the ED. Future work should examine the efficacy of home-based assessments in a larger confirmatory setting and focus on interventions to increase referral acceptance and address barriers to attendance.
RECONCILING JOHN MILBANK AND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM: “LIBERALISM” THROUGH LOVE
Authors: Deagon Alex 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTJohn Milbank's critique of the secular as a violent distortion of Christian theology is well established. Less clear is how Milbank's framework might bear upon secular liberalism as it specifically relates to liberal ideas of religious freedom and public or secular reasons in political contexts. This is especially worthy of investigation since “religious freedom” is part of the liberal framework Milbank so stridently critiques. This article attempts to reconcile Milbank's theological critique of secular liberalism with the idea of religious freedom by applying Milbank's theology and the law of love to liberal notions of public discourse for the purpose of redeeming and transforming that discourse. This redeemed “liberalism” provides a framework for persuasion to the Good by recognizing that all public positions (including secularism) are ultimately faith positions, and advocates a discourse governed by the law of love to produce genuine religious freedom that paradoxically transcends and fulfils the liberal ideals that secular liberalism proclaims but can never attain.
Effect of abusive supervision on subordinates’ discretionary behaviors
Authors: Samreen Farah , Amir Rashid Muhammad , Hussain Ghulam 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough previous studies provide diverse perspectives on subordinate's deviant behavior as a reaction to abusive supervision (ABS), the influence of ABS on subordinates’ inter-personal relations received little attention. Grounded on social exchange theory, this study proposes that subordinates who are being abused by the same supervisor develop a bond among each other. That further provides strength to each of the abused group member to exhibit deviant behaviors against supervisor and non-abused peer group. Data were collected and analyzed through mediation analysis using AMOS. Using a sample of 920 employees from multi-sector organizations it was found that abused employees show citizenship behavior toward other abused peer-group members and counter-productive behavior toward supervisor and non-abused peer-group members. Moreover, citizenship behaviors created among the abused peer-group members partially mediate the relationship of ABS and counter-productive work behavior.
Moving yet being still: exploring source domain reversal and force in explanations of enlightenment
Authors: RICHARDSON PETER , MUELLER CHARLES M. 
Published: August 2019

abstractBuddhist and Hindu discourse often juxtapose statements about the inexpressibility of ultimate reality with descriptions drawing on metaphor and paradox. This raises the question of how particular types of metaphor fulfill the role of expressing what is believed to be inexpressible. The current study employs a cognitive linguistic framework to examine how modern Buddhist and Hindu religious teachers use metaphor to talk about enlightenment. Adopting a usage-based approach focusing on how figurative language is recontexualized by the same speaker within a stretch of discourse, the study identifies a recurrent pattern within the discourse on enlightenment that consists of four elements. The first is source domain reversal, which we define as a speaker making use of a particular source domain to refer to a target, and then later, in the same discourse segment, using a source domain with a seemingly opposite meaning to refer to the same target. The other three involve a movement from force to object-based schemas, from the perceived revelation of more conventional to deeper truths, and from description of a process to description of a state. We conclude by briefly discussing our findings within the context of research on apophatic discourse in other religions.
Model category structures and spectral sequences
Authors: Cirici Joana , Egas Santander Daniela , Livernet Muriel , Whitehouse Sarah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLetRbe a commutative ring with unit. We endow the categories of filtered complexes and of bicomplexes ofR-modules, with cofibrantly generated model structures, where the class of weak equivalences is given by those morphisms inducing a quasi-isomorphism at a certain fixed stage of the associated spectral sequence. For filtered complexes, we relate the different model structures obtained, when we vary the stage of the spectral sequence, using the functors shift and décalage.
Screening for vestibular schwannoma in the context of an ageing population
Authors: Basu S , Youngs R , Mitchell-Innes A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo review the literature regarding screening for vestibular schwannoma in the context of demographic changes leading to increasing numbers of elderly patients presenting with asymmetric auditory symptoms.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed, with narrative synthesis and statistical analysis of data where appropriate.ResultsVestibular schwannomas diagnosed in patients aged over 70 years exhibit slower growth patterns and tend to be of smaller size compared to those tumours in younger age groups. This fact, combined with reduced life expectancy, renders the probability of these tumours in the elderly requiring active treatment with surgery or stereotactic radiotherapy to be extremely low. Vestibular schwannomas in the elderly are much more likely to be managed by serial monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging. The weighted yield of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma in all age groups is 1.18 per cent, with almost 85 scans required to diagnose 1 tumour.ConclusionAn evidence-based approach to the investigation of asymmetric hearing loss and tinnitus in the elderly patient can be used to formulate guidelines for the rational use of magnetic resonance imaging in this population.
The Trade in Domestic Servants (Morianer) from Tranquebar for Upper Class Danish Homes in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Izquierdo Díaz Jorge Simón 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the Danish East India Company's slave trade practice in Tranquebar in the first half of the seventeenth century. In particular it focuses on a practice of acquiring blackMorianer(Moors) as prestigious servants for aristocratic homes. The court of the Danish king Christian IV was familiar with the exotic inlay of Morians as represented in pictures, theatre, carrousels, and other artistic manifestations of the upper classes of that time. In this sense, I suggest that Hans Hansson Skonning'sGeographia historica Orientalis(1641) provides seminal clues about ideology justifying slavery and representations of Africa and Asia in Scandinavian countries before they entered the slave trade.
Crossroads and Exchanges in the Scandinavian Atlantic and Atlantic West Africa: Framing Texts of Eighteenth-Century African Christians
Authors: Kea Ray 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe interconnectedness of Atlantic West Africa and the Scandinavian Atlantic in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries exemplifies an entangled or shared history (histoire croisée). The present article maintains that in the context of the brutal transatlantic chattel trade this history manifests different historical trajectories as well as the temporality of episodic events and structural duration that are configured in the divergent itineraries of two eighteenth-century African Christians. Their texts and life histories reveal them as purveyors of intertwined Christian and non-Christian cultural codes and discursive fields, in one case according to a plantation-colony itinerary and in the other according to a world-port itinerary. The complex social realities of multiple texts and material cultures did not operate independently of socioeconomic structures intertwined with Atlantic world circuits.
Danish Colonial Healthcare Policy, St. Croix, Virgin Islands
Authors: Reifschneider Meredith 
Published: August 2019

Abstract(Post)colonial scholarship in recent decades has undergone methodological and conceptual revisions and scholars have increasingly adopted the premise that social and political transformations are the product of both global and local struggles. The goal of this paper is to position healthcare as an “imperial force field” by focusing on the development of a colonial healthcare system in the nineteenth-century Danish West Indies. I argue that challenging seemingly self-evident concepts such as healthcare forces us to recognise that interventionist healthcare was contested and negotiated at multiple levels. This paper mobilises archival and archaeological research from a plantation hospital at Estate Cane Garden, St. Croix, Virgin Islands, to provide a context for interrogating the practical negotiations of colonial healthcare policy. While colonial administrative documents and physician reports depict a rather narrow range of healthcare practices, archaeological evidence from a plantation hospital suggests that healthcare, within plantation institutions, was more heterogeneous than the documents indicate. The goal of this paper is largely methodological. It mobilises colonial transcripts and material culture in ways that disrupt and reimagine taken-for-granted assumptions to show how those most affected by colonial policies complicate colonial institutions via on-the-ground practices.
Do social protection programs foster short-term and long-term migration adaptation strategies?
Authors: Mueller Valerie , Gray Clark , Handa Sudhanshu , Seidenfeld David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe examine how migration is influenced by temperature and precipitation variability, and the extent to which the receipt of a cash transfer affects the use of migration as an adaptation strategy. Climate data is merged with georeferenced panel data (2010–2014) on individual migration collected from the Zambian Child Grant Program (CGP) sites. We use the person-year dataset to identify the direct and heterogeneous causal effects of the CGP on mobility. Having access to cash transfers doubles the rate of male, short-distance moves during cool periods, irrespective of wealth. Receipt of cash transfers (among wealthier households) during extreme heat causes an additional retention of males. Cash transfers positively spur long-distance migration under normal climate conditions in the long term. They also facilitate short-distance responses to climate, but not long-distance responses that might be demanded by future climate change.
Euroscepticism and Protestant Heritage: The Role of Religion on EU Issue Voting
Authors: Scherer Margarete 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on the historical ties between Protestantism and the nation-state, as well as between Catholicism and supranationalism, to widen the political science debate on different conditions ofEU issue voting. Research suggests that the political context in each nation-state shapes the extent to which individual Eurosceptic attitudes influence the decision to vote for Eurosceptic parties. In addition to this, I expect that a nations' religious background responds differently to this relationship. Using data from the 2014 European Parliament elections, I show that citizens from predominantly Protestant countries actually decide for Eurosceptic parties if they hold negative attitudes towards European integration. In contrast, citizens from predominantly Catholic countries may or may not vote for Eurosceptic parties, but their voting decision is not based on individual EU attitudes such as support for European integration, trust in EU institutions or European identity.
Survey reveals frequency of multiple resistance to glyphosate and dicamba in kochia (Bassia scoparia)
Authors: Westra Eric P. , Nissen Scott J. , Getts Thomas J. , Westra Philip , Gaines Todd A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia has been reported across the western and midwestern United States. From 2011 to 2014, kochia seed was collected from agronomic regions across Colorado to evaluate the frequency and distribution of glyphosate-, dicamba-, and fluroxypyr-resistant kochia, and to assess the frequency of multiple resistance. Here we report resistance frequency as percent resistance within a population, and resistance distribution as the percentage and locations of accessions classified as resistant to a discriminating herbicide dose. In 2011, kochia accessions were screened with glyphosate only, whereas from 2012 to 2014 kochia accessions were screened with glyphosate, dicamba, and fluroxypyr. From 2011 to 2014, the percentages of GR kochia accessions were 60%, 45%, 39%, and 52%, respectively. The percentages of dicamba-resistant kochia accessions from 2012 to 2014 were 33%, 45%, and 28%, respectively. No fluroxypyr-resistant accessions were identified. Multiple-resistant accessions (low resistance or resistant to both glyphosate and dicamba) from 2012 to 2014 were identified in 14%, 15%, and 20% of total sampled accessions, respectively. This confirmation of multiple glyphosate and dicamba resistance in kochia accessions emphasizes the importance of diversity in herbicide site of action as critical to extend the usefulness of remaining effective herbicides such as fluroxypyr for management of this weed.
Applicant Perceptions of Initial Job Candidate Screening With Asynchronous Job Interviews
Authors: Hiemstra Annemarie M. F. , Oostrom Janneke K. , Derous Eva , Serlie Alec W. , Born Marise Ph. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Applicant fairness perceptions of asynchronous job interviews were assessed among panelists (Study 1, N = 160) and highly educated actual applicants (Study 2, N = 103). Furthermore, we also examined whether personality explained applicants’ perceptions. Participants, particularly actual applicants, had negative perceptions of the fairness and procedural justice of asynchronous job interviews. Extraverted applicants perceived more opportunity to perform with the asynchronous job interview than introverts. A trait interaction between Neuroticism and Extraversion was tested, but no significant results were found. Although the first selection stage is increasingly digitized, this study shows that applicant perceptions of asynchronous job interviews are relatively negative. The influence of personality on these perceptions appears to be limited.
Effects of Eddy‐Driven Subduction on Ocean Biological Carbon Pump
Authors: Resplandy Laure , Lévy Marina , McGillicuddy Dennis J. 
Published: August 2019

Estimates of the ocean biological carbon pump are limited by uncertainties in the magnitude of the physical injection of particulate and dissolved organic carbon to the ocean interior. A major challenge is to evaluate the contribution of these physical pumps at small spatial and temporal scales (<100 km and <1 month). Here, we use a submesoscale permitting biophysical model covering a large domain representative of a subpolar and a subtropical gyre to quantify the impact of small‐scale physical carbon pumps.The model successfully simulates intense eddy‐driven subduction hot spots with a magnitude comparable to what has been observed in nature (1,000–6,000 mg C·m−2·day−1). These eddy‐driven subduction events are able to transfer carbon below the mixed‐layer, down to 500‐ to 1,000‐m depth. However, they contribute <5% to the annual flux at the scale of the basin, due to strong compensation between upward and downward fluxes. The model also simulates hot spots of export associated with small‐scale heterogeneity of the mixed layer, which intermittently export large amounts of suspended particulate and dissolved organic carbon. The mixed‐layer pump contributes ∼20% to the annual flux. High‐resolution measurements of export flux are needed to test models such as this one and to improve our mechanistic understanding of the biological pump and how it will respond to climate change.
Light Mg Isotopic Composition in the Mantle Beyond the Big Mantle Wedge Beneath eastern Asia
Authors: He Ye , Chen Li‐Hui , Shi Jin‐Hua , Zeng Gang , Wang Xiao‐Jun , Xue Xiao‐Qiu , Zhong Yuan , Erdmann Saskia , Xie Lie‐Wen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLow‐δ26Mg basalts are commonly interpreted to represent melts derived from carbonated mantle sources. The mantle domain feeding low‐δ26Mg Cenozoic basalts in eastern China overlaps the so‐called Big Mantle Wedge (BMW) above the stagnant Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone, which indicates that the BMW is an important carbon reservoir generated by the slab. However, Mg isotopic composition in the nearby mantle beyond the BMW and, thus, the spatial extent of carbonated components in the mantle beneath eastern Asia have not yet been extensively characterized. Therefore, it remains largely unconstrained if additional or alternative carbon reservoirs exist. Here we carried out a geochemical study on Cenozoic Huihe nephelinites, which crop out ~500 km west of the present‐day BMW. These rocks are characterized by negative K, Zr, Hf, and Ti anomalies, high Zr/Hf, Ca/Al ratios, and low δ26Mg values, which suggest that they are derived from a carbonated mantle source. The composition of the nephelinites demonstrates that low δ26Mg mantle components exist at significant distances from the present‐day BMW, which highlights that in addition to the stagnant Pacific slab, other oceanic slab(s) also contribute(s) carbonate‐bearing crustal materials to the mantle sources of Cenozoic volcanism in eastern Asia.
Three‐Dimensional Ground‐Penetrating Radar Imaging Through Multilayered Subsurface
Authors: Zhang Wenji , Hoorfar Ahmad , An Qiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMost of existing ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) imaging algorithms are only capable of imaging of targets under a single‐layer subsurface. In this paper, a generalized three‐dimensional (3‐D) fast imaging algorithm for GPR imaging of targets buried under multilayered subsurface is presented. The exploding reflection model is employed to simplify the imaging algorithm, and then the layered media dyadic Green's function is expanded in spectral form to facilitate the easy implementation of the imaging algorithm with fast Fourier transform. The wave propagation effects through multilayered subsurface are efficiently taken into account and are properly compensated for in the imaging formulation through the multilayer media dyadic Green's function. The linearization of the inversion scheme and utilization of fast Fourier transform resolve the time‐consuming challenge in 3‐D GPR imaging and make the imaging algorithm suitable in several applications concerning the diagnostics of a large probed region. Representative numerical and experimental examples are presented to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm for 3‐D GPR imaging through multilayered media.
Palynological Evidence of Late Holocene Paleo‐Monsoon in Eastern Pamir
Authors: Zhao Keliang , Zhou Xinying , Ji Ming , Li Xiaoqiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau, which is climatically dominated by the westerlies and the Asian monsoon, has a major influence on the atmospheric circulation and water resources of Asia. However, it remains unclear of the long‐term (e.g., millennial‐ and orbital‐scale) status and origin of the water resources in the plateau. In this study, we used the presence of a long‐distance pollen component (e.g., Tsuga) in a sedimentary section from eastern Pamir as a tracer to characterize the air movements in the western Tibetan Plateau during the late Holocene. Based on modern backward trajectory analysis, we suggest that the pollen of Tsuga was transported by the paleo‐monsoon from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau to eastern Pamir during the late Holocene (e.g., 3,200–1,750 cal years B.P.). Our findings provide evidence of paleo‐monsoon movement and potential moisture transport paths from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau to eastern Pamir during the late Holocene.