bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Chemotherapy Compared With Standard Chemotherapy and Lung Radiation in Ewing Sarcoma With Pulmonary Metastases: Results of the European Ewing Tumour Working Initiative of National Groups, 99 Trial and EWING 2008
Authors: Dirksen Uta , Brennan Bernadette , Le Deley Marie-Cécile , Cozic Nathalie , van den Berg Henk , Bhadri Vivek , Brichard Bénédicte , Claude Line , Craft Alan , Amler Susanne , Gaspar Natalie , Gelderblom Hans , Goldsby Robert , Gorlick Richard , Grier Holcombe E. , Guinbretiere Jean-Marc , Hauser Peter , Hjorth Lars , Janeway Katherine , Juergens Heribert , Judson Ian , Krailo Mark , Kruseova Jarmila , Kuehne Thomas , Ladenstein Ruth , Lervat Cyril , Lessnick Stephen L. , Lewis Ian , Linassier Claude , Marec-Berard Perrine , Marina Neyssa , Morland Bruce , Pacquement Hélène , Paulussen Michael , Randall R. Lor , Ranft Andreas , Le Teuff Gwénaël , Wheatley Keith , Whelan Jeremy , Womer Richard , Oberlin Odile , Hawkins Douglas S. ,   on behalf of the Euro-E.W.I.N.G. 99 and Ewing 2008 Investigators
Published: September 2019

PURPOSE The R2Pulm trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of busulfan-melphalan high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue (BuMel) without whole-lung irradiation (WLI) on event-free survival (main end point) and overall survival, compared with standard chemotherapy with WLI in Ewing sarcoma (ES) presenting with pulmonary and/or pleural metastases. METHODS From 2000 to 2015, we enrolled patients younger than 50 years of age with newly diagnosed ES and with only pulmonary or pleural metastases. Patients received chemotherapy with six courses of vincristine, ifosfamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide (VIDE) and one course of vincristine, dactinomycin, and ifosfamide (VAI) before either BuMel or seven courses of VAI and WLI (VAI plus WLI) by randomized assignment. The analysis was conducted as intention to treat. The estimates of the hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI, and P value were corrected for the three previous interim analyses by the inverse normal method. RESULTS Of 543 potentially eligible patients, 287 were randomly assigned to VAI plus WLI (n = 143) or BuMel (n = 144). Selected patients requiring radiotherapy to an axial primary site were excluded from randomization to avoid excess organ toxicity from interaction between radiotherapy and busulfan. Median follow-up was 8.1 years. We did not observe any significant difference in survival outcomes between treatment groups. Event-free survival was 50.6% versus 56.6% at 3 years and 43.1% versus 52.9% at 8 years, for VAI plus WLI and BuMel patients, respectively, resulting in an HR of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.56 to 1.10; P = .16). For overall survival, the HR was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.70 to 1.44; P = .99). Four patients died as a result of BuMel-related toxicity, and none died after VAI plus WLI. Significantly more patients in the BuMel arm experienced severe acute toxicities than in the VAI plus WLI arm. CONCLUSION In ES with pulmonary or pleural metastases, there is no clear benefit from BuMel compared with conventional VAI plus WLI.
Insights into pancreatic β cell energy metabolism using rodent β cell models
Authors: Morten Karl J , Potter Michelle , Badder Luned , Sivathondan Pamela , Dragovic Rebecca , Neumann Abigale , Gavin James , Shrestha Roshan , Reilly Svetlana , Phadwal Kanchan , Lodge Tiffany A. , Borzychowski Angela , Cookson Sharon , Mitchell Corey , Morovat Alireza , Simon Anna Katharina , Uusimaa Johanna , Hynes James , Poulton Joanna 
Published: September 2019

Background:Mitochondrial diabetes is primarily caused by β-cell failure, a cell type whose unique properties are important in pathogenesis.Methods:By reducing glucose, we induced energetic stress in two rodent β-cell models to assess effects on cellular function.Results:Culturing rat insulin-secreting INS-1 cells in low glucose conditions caused a rapid reduction in whole cell respiration, associated with elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and an altered glucose-stimulated insulin secretion profile. Prolonged exposure to reduced glucose directly impaired mitochondrial function and reduced autophagy.Conclusions:Insulinoma cell lines have a very different bioenergetic profile to many other cell lines and provide a useful model of mechanisms affecting β-cell mitochondrial function.
Cost-effectiveness of reflex laboratory-based cryptococcal antigen screening for the prevention and treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in Botswana
Authors: Tenforde Mark W. , Muthoga Charles , Callaghan Andrew , Ponatshego Ponego , Ngidi Julia , Mine Madisa , Jordan Alexander , Chiller Tom , Larson Bruce A. , Jarvis Joseph N. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening for antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve adults with advanced HIV/AIDS can reduce the incidence of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) and all-cause mortality. We modeled the cost-effectiveness of laboratory-based “reflex” CrAg screening for ART-naïve CrAg-positive patients with CD4<100 cells/µL (those currently targeted in guidelines) and ART-experienced CrAg-positive patients with CD4<100 cells/µL (who make up an increasingly large proportion of individuals with advanced HIV/AIDS). Methods: A decision analytic model was developed to evaluate CrAg screening and treatment based on local CD4 count and CrAg prevalence data, and realistic assumptions regarding programmatic implementation of the CrAg screening intervention. We modeled the number of CrAg tests performed, the number of CrAg positives stratified by prior ART experience, the proportion of patients started on pre-emptive antifungal treatment, and the number of incident CM cases and CM-related deaths. Screening and treatment costs were evaluated, and cost per death or disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted estimated. Results: We estimated that of 650,000 samples undergoing CD4 testing annually in Botswana, 16,364 would have a CD4<100 cells/µL and receive a CrAg test, with 70% of patients ART-experienced at the time of screening. Under base model assumptions, CrAg screening and pre-emptive treatment restricted to ART-naïve patients with a CD4<100 cells/µL prevented 20% (39/196) of CM-related deaths in patients undergoing CD4 testing at a cost of US$2 per DALY averted. Expansion of preemptive treatment to include ART-experienced patients with a CD4<100 cells/µL resulted in 55 additional deaths averted (a total of 48% [94/196]) and was cost-saving compared to no screening. Findings were robust across a range of model assumptions. Conclusions: Reflex laboratory-based CrAg screening for patients with CD4<100 cells/µL is a cost-effective strategy in Botswana, even in the context of a relatively low proportion of advanced HIV/AIDS in the overall HIV-infected population, the majority of whom are ART-experienced.
Changes in sperm quality and testicular structure in a rat model of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Nak-ung Sureeporn , Nakprom Nutnicha , Maneengam Chonikan , Nudmamud-Thanoi Sutisa , Thanoi Samur 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Chronic hyperglycemia is a characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM). Long-lasting hyperglycemia can generate oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species. The effect of this condition on sperm quality and spermatogenesis leads to male infertility and reproductive dysfunction.

Objectives
To investigate changes in sperm quality, morphology of testicular structure, and stage of development of seminiferous tubules in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of type 1 DM.

Methods
We divided 15 male Sprague Dawley rats into 2 groups. DM was induced in 7 rats using STZ (60 mg/kg intraperitoneally), while the other 8 were treated with citrate buffer as a vehicle control group. Rat semen was collected for quality measurements including motility, normal morphology, and concentration. Morphological changes in testicular structure and stage of development of seminiferous tubules were investigated by histology with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.

Results
Significant decreases in all parameters of sperm quality and testicular weight were found in rats with induced DM. Moreover, abnormal morphology of seminiferous tubules including separation of the germinal epithelium, vacuolization, luminal sloughing of germ cells, and tubular atrophy was increased significantly in these rats, while the proportion of their seminiferous tubules at an early stage of development was significantly higher, but was dramatically decreased in the late stage of development when compared with that in vehicle-treated control rats.

Conclusions
DM has adverse effects on sperm quality, testicular structure, and development of seminiferous tubules. These findings may reflect the male infertility and reproductive dysfunction seen in patients with type 1 DM.
Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and polysialic acid–NCAM expression in developing ICR mice
Authors: Turbpaiboon Chairat , Siripan Wongsakorn , Nimnoi Pornkanok , Sreekanth Gopinathan Pillai , Wiriyarat Witthawat , Tassaneetrithep Boonrat , Chompoopong Supin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Coexpression of polysialic acid (PSA)–neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) with immature neuronal markers is used to indicate the developmental state of neurons generated in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of adult hippocampus. PSA–NCAM is highly expressed throughout the embryonic and juvenile mammalian brain, but heavily downregulated in adult brain.

Objective
To visualize the expression profiles of NCAM/PSA–NCAM in the dentate SGZ of the hippocampus in developing ICR mice.

Methods
Cellular distribution, expression, and developmental changes of NCAM/PSA–NCAM were studied in ICR mice at embryonic age 17 days (E17); and similarly at postnatal ages P3, P5, and P7. The SGZ was studied using NCAM and PSA–NCAM immunoreactive staining with or without hematoxylin counterstaining. Western blotting was used to confirm protein expression levels.

Results
NCAM expression was localized to the surface of neurons and glia and was higher in postnatal mice than it was in embryonic mice. PSA–NCAM was found in cytoplasm and membrane of neural cells, more densely staining in the dentate SGZ at P7, but no staining found at E17. Western blotting of brain tissues also showed expression of both PSA–NCAM and NCAM increased significantly at P5 and P7 compared with expression at P3.

Conclusions
Progressive increase in NCAM expression occurs in the SGZ during embryogenic and postnatal development. PSA–NCAM was not expressed in embryonic ICR mice, but was increased after birth and highly localized in the SGZ at P7. This NCAM expression pattern in the developing brain indicating structural plasticity and neurogenesis may be useful for study of brain repair.
Approximate method for solving strongly fractional nonlinear problems using fuzzy transform
Authors: Firozja Mohamad Adabitabar , Agheli Bahram 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this research work, we have shown that it is possible to use fuzzy transform method (FTM) for approximate solution of strongly fractional nonlinear problems. In numerical methods, in order to approximate a function on a particular interval, only a restricted number of points are employed. However, what makes the F-transform preferable to other methods is that it makes use of all points in this interval. The comparison of the time used in minutes is given for two derivatives Caputo derivative and Caputo-Fabrizio derivative.
Unsteady-state operation of reactors with fixed catalyst beds
Authors: Zagoruiko Andrey N. , Bobrova Ludmilla , Vernikovskaya Nadezhda , Zazhigalov Sergey 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The review is dedicated to the research and development work made in USSR and Russia in the area of catalytic processes with artificially created unsteady-state conditions. The paper discusses the reverse-flow operation of catalytic reactor, forced feed composition cycling and sorption enhancement of catalytic reactions. It is demonstrated that under proper choice of process concept and control strategy these approaches may result in creation of new technologies with improved efficiency, lower capital and operation costs, higher process stability under variation of process conditions and increased target product yield in thermodynamically limited reaction and complex reaction systems.
New Energy Dissipation Mechanisms for Steel Fiber Reinforcement in Ultra High-Performance Concrete
Authors: Scott Dylan A. , Songer Bradford P. , Moser Robert D. , McClelland Zackery B. , Green Brian H. , Weiss Charles A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This research focused on improving ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC) toughness through the addition of annealed plain carbon steel fibers and stainless steel fibers that both exhibit increased ductility and strain hardening compared with conventional steel fibers used for concrete reinforcement. Implementing optimized heat treatments and selecting proper alternative alloys can improve the postyield carrying capacity of UHPCs through plastic deformations, phase transformations, and fiber pullout. This research focused on the flexural response and dynamic penetration resistance of a UHPC known as Cor-Tuf with three different steel fiber types: plain carbon steel, stainless steel that can exhibit phase transformation-induced plasticity, and annealed carbon steel with reduced tensile strength but increased ductility and strain hardening. Annealed carbon steel fibers were able to reduce mass loss by 0.8 % for 5-cm-thick dynamic impact panels. By using a phase-transformable stainless steel, the ultimate flexural strength increased from 32.0 to 42.5 MPa (33 % increase) and the postimpact velocity decreased an average of 31.5 m/s for 2.5 and 5-cm-thick dynamic impact panels. Phase transformations (austenitic to martensitic) were quantified in the stainless steel fibers of postyielded UHPC specimens using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Stainless steel fibers sampled from the postyielded tensile face of a flexural beam increased from 75 to 107 emu/g. The results of the study evidence improvements in tensile properties and toughness that can be accomplished by modifying the stress versus strain response of steel fiber reinforcement and including new energy dissipation mechanisms such as phase transformation.
Effect of Long-Term Aging on Fracture Properties of Virgin and Recycled Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Chen Xuan , Solaimanian Mansour 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Oxidative aging stiffens asphalt in the pavement, raising brittleness, cracking potential, and deterioration of pavement serviceability. Mechanical testing of long-term aged asphalt concrete in the laboratory has shown elevated stiffness, higher failure load (peak load), and reduced fatigue cracking resistance. Among the laboratory mechanical tests used to evaluate mix fatigue resistance and flexibility is the semicircular bend (SCB) test. This study was conducted to determine how the properties of the long-term aged asphalt mixes compare with those from short-term aged asphalt mixes tested under SCB test. Such comparison is important as a decision needs to be made by mix designers as to what aging level to apply when testing asphalt concrete to evaluate fatigue resistance. The mix variables included air void, binder content, and binder stiffness. The properties that were measured, i.e., the response parameters, included fracture energy, load at failure (peak load), mix stiffness, and flexibility index. A large number of mixes including various aggregates, gradations, and binder contents were included in the study. Results showed that long-term oven aging significantly changed flexibility index, peak load, and stiffness of tested specimens. Sensitivity of the parameters to aging was also evaluated in the context of an aging index and defined as the ratio of the measured property after long-term aging to that after short-term aging. In this respect, the aging index did not change as the binder content changed. However, the aging index was sensitive to variations in air void and binder stiffness.
Vivência de pais com o Método Canguru: revisão integrativa
Authors: Lopes Thaís Rosental Gabriel , Carvalho Jovanka Bittencourt Leite de , Alves Tássia Regine Morais , Medeiros Anderson Brito de , Oliveira Sylvia Silva de , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de 
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: compreender a vivência de pais com o Método Canguru. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Web of Science e Current Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Resultados: obtiveram-se 732 artigos e sete foram selecionados. Identificou-se que pais vivenciam o Método Canguru com realização e prazer. Ademais, apresentaram dificuldades, medo e insegurança que podem estar associados ao funcionamento e a dispositivos de apoio à vida, utilizados para garantir a sobrevida de prematuros no cuidado relacionado ao distanciamento da figura paterna com neonato. Conclusão: a figura paterna, atualmente, apresenta-se mais participativa e consciente acerca do papel no âmbito familiar e nos cuidados inerentes ao filho prematuro. No entanto, pais se sentem despreparados, mas orgulhosos e esperançosos com evolução clínica de bebês, ao vivenciar o Método Canguru.
Stigma and discrimination: Barrier for ending AIDS by 2030 and achieving the 90-90-90 targets by 2020
Authors: Wirawan Dewa Nyoman 
Published: September 2019

The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV-AIDS (UNAIDS) put forward an ambitious vision of Â â€œthree zeroâ€ which consisted of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths.Â In other words, it is envisaged there will be no new HIV infections, no more discrimination towards people living with HIV and no more AIDS-related deaths. UNAIDS also set the target of Â â€œending AIDSâ€ as a public health threat by 2030.Â In order to end the HIV epidemic by 2030, in 2014 UNAIDS established a fast tract strategy namely "90-90-90" which means by 2020, 90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of all people with diagnosed HIV infection will receive sustained access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 90% of all people receiving antiretroviral therapy will achieve viral suppression.Â If this target of "90-90-90" is achieved, it is estimated that by 2020 at least 73% of all people living with HIV worldwide will experience viral suppression; further modeling suggests that if this target is achieved this will bring about the â€œend of AIDSâ€ by 2030.
Determinación de dotaciones netas residenciales empleando regresión múltiple con variable categórica para cada estrato socioeconómico de la ciudad de Bogotá D. C.
Authors: Tangarife Beltrán Jesús Alexis , Rodríguez Páez Diego Alexander , Zamudio Huertas Eduardo 
Published: September 2019

This article presents the way net residential provisions are determined through the relation of: measurements provided by “Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado of Bogotá (EAAB-ESP)”, historical data and the use of the Technical Regulation of Potable Water and the Basic Sanitation Sector (RAS). These measurements were executed in five service areas of Bogotá within the installation of 320 micro-meters. The data collection for the calculation of the net residential provisions of each service area was carried out by the method described in the RAS. Afterwards, the respective quantitative and qualitative analyses of the data were carried out. The article becomes relevant when, the results obtained by different models are compared, and it was determined that the method used during the research was the most optimal one. Starting from the multiple linear regression with a categorical variable, an analytical and numerical solution was obtained, this defines the value of the net residential endowment of each socioeconomic stratum in Bogotá. Based on a multiple regression model, the net residential provisions for Bogotá were consolidated allowing to conclude that the number of citizens is not significant in the calculation of provisions, since this variable is immersed in the historical data and in the measurements made by the “Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado of Bogotá (EAAB-ESP)”.
Prevalence of asthma and association with the allergic rhinitis among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital of district Varanasi: a cross sectional study
Authors: Singh Raj Kamal 
Published: September 2019

Background: The prevalence of Bronchial Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis is increasing not only in developing countries but also in developed as well. These two has been the subject of several epidemiological investigations and found an overlapping of symptoms between both diseases.Methods: Present study conducted on the patients attending the OPD of Department of TB and chest, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi and confirmed diagnosis of asthma and allergic rhinitis were made using spirometry and nasal-endoscopy respectively.Results: 110 participants of age between 15 to more than 56 years were included attending the OPD of Department of TB and Chest with signs and symptoms related to the asthma. 32(29.09%) participants were age group of 15-25 years, 34(30.09%) of 26-35 years,18(16.36%) of 36-45 years and 15(14%) participants were from age group of 46-55years and rest 11(9%) were of 56years and above. common symptom was found nasal discharge 62(79.48%) participants followed by headache which was there in 59(75.64%) participants, excessive sneezing was found in 54(69.23%) participants and facial, postnasal discharge was found in 48(61.53%) of participants .Only 6(5.45%) participants had confirmed asthma. 6 asthmatic participants undergone the nasal endoscopy and out of 6(100%), 4(66.66%) had confirmed the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis but association was not found statistically significant.Conclusions: The prevalence of bronchial asthma was higher among the younger age group Due to the overlapping of the symptoms between asthma and allergic rhinitis confirmatory diagnostic tools should be used before starting the treatment.