bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deracemization of Phenyl‐Substituted 2‐Methyl‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinolines by a Recombinant Monoamine Oxidase from Pseudomonas monteilii ZMU‐T01
Authors: Deng Guozhong , Wan Nanwei , Qin Lei , Cui Baodong , An Miao , Han Wenyong , Chen Yongzheng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA monoamine oxidase (MAO5) from Pseudomonas monteilii ZMU‐T01 was first heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and then used as a biocatalyst for the deracemization of racemic 2‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahdroquinoline derivatives to yield the unreacted R enantiomer with up to >99 % ee. Sequence alignment revealed that MAO5 shared 14.7 % identity toward the well‐studied monoamine oxidase (MAO‐N).
Design of Highly Potent, Dual‐Acting and Central‐Nervous‐System‐Penetrating HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors with Excellent Potency against Multidrug‐Resistant HIV‐1 Variants
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Rao Kalapala Venkateswara , Nyalapatla Prasanth R. , Kovela Satish , Brindisi Margherita , Osswald Heather L. , Sekhara Reddy Bhavanam , Agniswamy Johnson , Wang Yuan‐Fang , Aoki Manabu , Hattori Shin‐ichiro , Weber Irene T. , Mitsuya Hiroaki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHerein we report the design, synthesis, X‐ray structural, and biological studies of an exceptionally potent HIV‐1 protease inhibitor, compound 5 ((3S,7aS,8S)‐hexahydro‐4H‐3,5‐methanofuro[2,3‐b]pyran‐8‐yl ((2S,3R)‐4‐((2‐(cyclopropylamino)‐N‐isobutylbenzo[d]thiazole)‐6‐sulfonamido)‐1‐(3,5‐difluorophenyl)‐3‐hydroxybutan‐2‐yl)carbamate). Using structure‐based design, we incorporated an unprecedented 6‐5‐5‐ring‐fused crown‐like tetrahydropyranofuran as the P2‐ligand, a cyclopropylaminobenzothiazole as the P2′‐ligand, and a 3,5‐difluorophenylmethyl group as the P1‐ligand. The resulting inhibitor 5 exhibited exceptional HIV‐1 protease inhibitory and antiviral potency at the picomolar level. Furthermore, it displayed antiviral IC50 values in the picomolar range against a wide panel of highly multidrug‐resistant HIV‐1 variants. The inhibitor shows an extremely high genetic barrier against the emergence of drug‐resistant variants. It also showed extremely potent inhibitory activity toward dimerization as well as favorable central nervous system penetration. We determined a high‐resolution X‐ray crystal structure of the complex between inhibitor 5 and HIV‐1 protease, which provides molecular insight into the unprecedented activity profiles observed.
KBiO3 as an Effective Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalyst: Degradation Mechanism for Different Organic Pollutants
Authors: Zheng Hanxiao , Zhang Tingting , Zhu Yingming , Liang Bin , Jiang Wei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA pentavalent bismuthate, KBiO3, was investigated systematically as a visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst to degrade four typical organic pollutants: Rhodamine B (RhB), crystal violet (CV), methylene blue (MB) and phenol. These organic compounds can be efficiently decomposed under visible‐light irradiation. However, the photodegradation mechanisms of these organic compounds by KBiO3 were different. For RhB and CV, only the adsorption and photooxidation effect worked because their redox potentials were greater than that of KBiO3 (1.59 eV) but smaller than its band gap energy (2.04 eV). For MB, the photooxidation and chemical oxidation effects of KBiO3 both occurred because of its relatively low redox potential. For phenol, rapid adsorption and chemical oxidation were determined in the initial stage, but only photooxidation was observed in the successful process. The different degradation mechanisms of the four organic compounds with KBiO3 may be ascribed to competition between the photocatalytic process, the redox reaction and adsorption. The reduction product of KBiO3 was Bi2O3. These results provide a reference for further development and improvement of high‐valence photocatalysts.
Stakeholder Engagement: An Evaluation of European Banks
Authors: Venturelli Andrea , Cosma Simona , Leopizzi Rossella 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis work introduces a model for evaluating the quality of stakeholder engagement (SE) in the banking sector by applying content analysis to SE disclosure. Through this model, an SE score is calculated based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative variables by international standards and relevant literature. The results show that European banks do not have high‐quality SE processes, especially in comparison to non‐financial companies traditionally regarded as corporate social responsibility sensitive. The main findings of the paper have both theoretical and empirical implications. Regarding theory, this study contributes to the so far scant literature on SE in the banking sector. From the management perspective, the results highlight areas that can be strengthened to improve SE processes in banks. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
High‐Efficiency and UV‐Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Low‐Temperature, Solution‐Processed Electron‐Transport Layer
Authors: Liu Cheng , Yang Yi , Ding Yong , Xu Jia , Liu Xiaolong , Zhang Bing , Yao Jianxi , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Dai Songyuan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEfficient metal‐halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a regular structure typically use high‐temperature‐processed TiO2 electron‐transport layers (ETLs), which suffer from high electron recombination and inherent UV instability. Herein, we present low‐temperature solution‐processed lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li‐TFSI)‐doped C60 (Li‐C60) ETLs for high‐efficiency and UV‐stable planar PSCs with an n‐i‐p architecture. We found that simple Li‐TFSI doping ensured a better energy match between the active layer and the cathode, considerably enhanced the electron mobility of the ETL, and even improved CH3NH3PbI3 crystallization finally to increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 15.3 to 17.8 % with a minor hysteresis effect. Moreover, it was demonstrated that replacing TiO2 with Li‐C60 resulted in PSCs that were much more stable under UV light under an air atmosphere with almost no degradation after 3000 h under a nitrogen atmosphere.
Frequent Pitfalls in the Characterization of Electrodes Designed for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage
Authors: Zeradjanin Aleksandar R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFocus on the importance of energy conversion and storage boosted research interest in various electrocatalytic materials. Characterization of solid–liquid interfaces during faradaic and non‐faradaic processes is routinely conducted in many laboratories worldwide on a daily basis. This can be deemed as a very positive tendency. However, careful insight into modern literature suggests frequent misuse of electroanalytical tools. This can have very negative implications and postpone overall development of electrocatalytic materials with the desired properties. This work points out some of the frequent pitfalls in electrochemical characterization, suggests potential solutions, and above all encourages comprehensive analysis and in‐depth thinking about electrochemical phenomena.
The impact of a short educational movie on promoting chronic pain health literacy in school: A feasibility study
Authors: Wager J. , Stahlschmidt L. , Heuer F. , Troche S. , Zernikow B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundSchool‐based health education programs on chronic pain providing information about the proper management of recurrent and chronic pain may increase health literacy in terms of pain knowledge, may thereby prevent dysfunctional coping and may decrease the risk of pain chronification. The aim of the present feasibility study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational movie on recurrent and chronic pain in increasing pain knowledge among students.MethodsN = 95 adolescent students provided demographic and pain‐related information and completed a pain knowledge questionnaire before and after viewing an educational movie on recurrent and chronic pain. Participants were classified as experiencing frequent pain if they reported pain at least once a week in the last 3 months.ResultsOne‐third of the participants experienced frequent pain. There was a significant increase in pain knowledge for all participants ( = 0.544). Students with frequent pain had a stronger knowledge increase regarding the management of chronic and recurrent pain than those without frequent pain ( = 0.087). Sex did not moderate the gain in pain knowledge.ConclusionsThis feasibility study provides first evidence that a short educational movie on recurrent and chronic pain may increase chronic pain health literacy in students. Future studies should investigate the long‐term retention of pain knowledge and any associated effects on behaviour change. Due to barriers to the implementation of interventional studies in the school setting, these studies should use a waitlist control group design and online data collection.SignificanceThis feasibility study provides first evidence for the effectiveness of an 11‐min educational movie on chronic pain in increasing chronic pain knowledge in students. Students with frequent pain benefitted more from the education than students without frequent pain.
Factors influencing the intention to use of mobile value‐added services by women‐owned microenterprises in Fiji
Authors: Sathye Suneeta , Prasad Biman , Sharma Dharmendra , Sharma Parmendra , Sathye Milind 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe investigate the factors influencing the intention to use mobile value‐added services in the Pacific island of Fiji. Technology adoption literature suggests that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use influence intention to adopt new technology. However, behavioral research suggests that intention to adopt is influenced by social norms. We investigate the impact of these 3 constructs on behavioral intention to use mobile value‐added services in Fiji—a country that has some unique characteristics such as the culture of “sharing” and “reciprocity.” We surveyed 74 women microentrepreneurs and found that the predominant driver of intention to adopt technology in collectivist societies such as Fiji is social influence. It was found that social influence also impacts perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use and through these the intention to adopt. Accordingly, in societies such as Fiji, policy makers and industry need to engage social organizations/networks for advancement of technology adoption.
Phospholipase D isoforms differentially regulate leukocyte responses to acute lung injury
Authors: Abdulnour Raja-Elie E , Howrylak Judie A , Tavares Alexander H , Douda David N , Henkels Karen M , Miller Taylor E , Fredenburgh Laura E , Baron Rebecca M , Gomez-Cambronero Julian , Levy Bruce D 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPhospholipase D (PLD) plays important roles in cellular responses to tissue injury that are critical to acute inflammatory diseases, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We investigated the expression of PLD isoforms and related phospholipid phosphatases in patients with ARDS, and their roles in a murine model of self-limited acute lung injury (ALI). Gene expression microarray analysis on whole blood obtained from patients that met clinical criteria for ARDS and clinically matched controls (non-ARDS) demonstrated that PLD1 gene expression was increased in patients with ARDS relative to non-ARDS and correlated with survival. In contrast, PLD2 expression was associated with mortality. In a murine model of self-resolving ALI, lung Pld1 expression increased and Pld2 expression decreased 24 h after intrabronchial acid. Total lung PLD activity was increased 24 h after injury. Pld1−/− mice demonstrated impaired alveolar barrier function and increased tissue injury relative to WT and Pld2−/−, whereas Pld2−/− mice demonstrated increased recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased tissue injury. Isoform-specific PLD inhibitors mirrored the results with isoform-specific Pld-KO mice. PLD1 gene expression knockdown in human leukocytes was associated with decreased phagocytosis by neutrophils, whereas reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis decreased in M2-macrophages. PLD2 gene expression knockdown increased neutrophil and M2-macrophage transmigration, and increased M2-macrophage phagocytosis. These results uncovered selective regulation of PLD isoforms after ALI, and opposing effects of selective isoform knockdown on host responses and tissue injury. These findings support therapeutic strategies targeting specific PLD isoforms for the treatment of ARDS.
Using support vector machine analysis to assess PartinMR: A new prediction model for organ‐confined prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Wu Chen‐Jiang , Bao Mei‐Ling , Zhang Jing , Shi Hai‐Bin , Zhang Yu‐Dong 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundPartin tables represent the most widely used predictive tool for prostate cancer stage at prostatectomy but with potential limitations.PurposeTo develop a new PartinMR model for organ‐confined prostate cancer (OCPCA) by incorporating Partin table and mp‐MRI with a support vector machine (SVM) analysis.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 541 patients with biopsy‐confirmed prostate cancer underwent mp‐MRI.Field StrengthT2‐weighted, diffusion‐weighted imaging with a 3.0T MR scanner.AssessmentCandidate predictors included age, prostate‐specific antigen, clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score (GS), and mp‐MRI findings, ie, tumor location, Prostate Imaging and Reporting and Data System (PI‐RADS) score, diameter (D‐max), and 6‐point MR stage. The PartinMR model with combination of a Partin table and mp‐MRI findings was developed using SVM and 5‐fold crossvalidation analysis.Statistical TestsThe predicted ability of the PartinMR model was compared with a standard Partin and a modified Partin table (mPartin) which used for mp‐MRI staging. Statistical tests were made by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), adjusted proportional hazard ratio (HR), and a cost‐effective benefit analysis.ResultsThe rate of OCPCA at prostatectomy was 46.4% (251/541). Using MR staging, mPartin table (AUC, 0.814, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.779–0.846, P = 0.001) is appreciably better than the Partin table (AUC, 0.730, 95% CI: 0.690–0.767). Contrarily, adding all MR variables, the PartinMR model (AUC, 0.891, 95% CI: 0.884–0.899, P < 0.001) outperformed any other scheme, with 79.3% sensitivity, 75.7% specificity, 79% positive predictive value, and 76.0% negative predictive value for OCPCA. MR stage represented the most influential predictor of extracapsular extension (HR, 2.77, 95% CI: 1.54–3.33), followed by D‐max (2.01, 95% CI: 1.31–2.68), biopsy GS (1.64, 95% CI: 1.35–2.12), and PI‐RADS score (1.21, 95% CI: 1.01–1.98).Data ConclusionThe new PartinMR model is superior to the conventional Partin table for OCPCA. Clinical implications of mp‐MRI for prostate cancer stage must be confirmed in further trials.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2018;48:499–506.
Root growth improvement of mesquite seedlings and bacterial rhizosphere and soil community changes are induced by inoculation with plant growth‐promoting bacteria and promote restoration of eroded desert soil
Authors: Galaviz Cristina , Lopez Blanca R. , de‐Bashan Luz E. , Hirsch Ann M. , Maymon Maskit , Bashan Yoav 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSoil degradation is an ecological disturbance, usually human‐caused, that negatively affects the vegetation and climate of an ecosystem, particularly arid and semiarid environments. These degraded soils can be restored by using native perennial plants inoculated with specific microorganisms. We studied the changes in root growth and the rhizosphere bacterial community of mesquite seedlings (Prosopis articulata) after inoculation with the endophytic bacteria Bacillus pumilus ES4, over 3 cycles of growth in the same soil under desert climatic conditions, and found that inoculation significantly enhanced root biomass during the growth cycles but not shoot biomass or root and shoot lengths. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that B. pumilus colonized the root cap, apical meristem, and elongation zone, forming small colonies, on roots from soil‐grown mesquite. Inoculation also significantly changed the bacterial community structure of rhizophere and nonrhizosphere (without plants) soils based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles. The changes were highly stable, and the bacterial community structure was maintained throughout the experimental period and not affected by plant replacement. The 16S rRNA pyrosequencing confirmed the changes on structure of bacterial community and revealed an impact on the top taxonomic levels analyzed. The rhizospheres of inoculated plants showed a significant increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria coupled with a concomitant decrease in Actinobacteria, whereas an opposite response was observed in nonrhizospheric degraded soils. Overall, inoculation with B. pumilus reduced bacterial diversity but increased the Rhizobium population in the soil. The class Bacilli, despite B. pumilus inoculum, showed minimal variation.
Establishing and validating a root water uptake model under the effects of superabsorbent polymers
Authors: Liao Renkuan , Yang Peiling , Yu Haoliang , Wu Wenyong , Ren Shumei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn‐depth understanding of the patterns of root water uptake (RWU) is the key to improving the water‐use efficiency of plants. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) can repeatedly absorb and then release water to plants when needed, which substantially increases the water‐use efficiency of plants in arid and semiarid farming. However, it also creates a challenge in modeling RWU due to unstable soil hydraulic parameters and the unclear response of root growth to SAP application. A controlled soil column experiment was conducted to investigate the response of two important root indexes, that is, root length density (RLD) and root nitrogen mass density (RND), to SAP application, as well as their relationships with RWU. The results showed that the use of the SAP caused a steady increase in RND, and it also substantially increased the RLD in the early stage, but the rate of increase gradually slowed over time. The effect of unstable soil hydraulic parameters on RWU was analyzed in a numerical experiment, which indicated that the time‐dependent effect of SAP on soil hydraulic parameters should be considered to avoid errors in calculating RWU. A specific method for calculating the RWU source/sink term in the Richards equation was proposed and ultimately used as the theoretical value of RWU to verify the RWU models based on RLD and RND to ensure the best one was selected. The results showed that RND was better able to be used for development of the RWU model to simulate the patterns of RWU under SAP application.
Recent greening (1981–2013) in the Mu Us dune field, north‐central China, and its potential causes
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Hu Rui , Wang Kexin , Mason Joseph A. , Wu Shuang‐Ye , Lu Huayu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDesertification of arid and semiarid land is a severe environmental problem. Better understanding of the desertification process, in the context of changing climate and growing human activities, is essential for policy‐making on desertification control strategies and land‐use management in these environmentally sensitive areas. In this study, we analyze vegetation change and dune activity over the years 1981–2013 in Mu Us, a semiarid dune field in north‐central China, using remote sensing techniques and geomorphic analysis. During this period, we have observed an increasing trend in vegetation greenness, indicated by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which is consistent with the decreasing trend of the dune mobility index. Changes in dune morphologies in the study area indicate that dunes are being stabilized under vegetation growth, and this morphological change could potentially be used to detect the long‐term trend in desertification. Based on a detailed analysis of both climatic and socioeconomic data, we found that the decadal changes in wind strength have significant impact on the long‐term vegetation rehabilitation in the study area and that the short‐term variations in vegetation growth are associated with interannual fluctuations in precipitation. Policy‐driven, large ecological restoration projects implemented in recent decades can exert a positive impact on vegetation restoration, especially under favourable climatic conditions. This study implies that such climatic conditions may offer a window of opportunity for land regeneration in semiarid northern China.
Das Sintern in der Prozesskette des Pulverspritzgießens
Authors: Aichele W. , Hage C. , Aichele R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag korreliert die Schwindung poröser Körper bei drucklosem Sintern direkt mit der Abnahme ihrer inneren Oberfläche. Nach Auswertung von Dilatometermessungen sagt das vorgeschlagene kinetische Modell das Schwindungsverhalten bei beliebigen Temperaturverläufen voraus. Im Vergleich zum Konzept der Master‐Sinter‐Kurve (MSC) können zusätzlich unterschiedliche Korngrößenverteilungen und Ausgangsdichten sowie eine im Verlauf des Sinterprozesses variierende Aktivierungsenergie berücksichtigt werden. Im Anfangsstadium des Sinterns weichen die nach den vorgestellten Sintermodellen regressionsanalytisch berechneten Schwindungen systematisch von den ermittelten Schwindungen ab. Die Abweichungen werden auf Umwandlungsvorgänge zurückgeführt, die bis zum Einsetzen der Sinterschwindung noch nicht abgeschlossen sind. In diesen Fällen wird zur Verbesserung der Modelle eine Verknüpfung der Kinetik des Sinterns mit der Kinetik der Umwandlungsvorgänge vorgeschlagen.
Crowd‐Out or Affordability? The Lifeline Expansion's Effect on Wireless Service Spending
Authors: Conkling Thomas S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPublic subsidization of private goods often leads to crowd‐out, reducing private spending. This effect is intended for a policy such as the 2008 Lifeline phone subsidy expansion, which aimed to increase affordable access to services. I examine the effects of this policy on households’ self‐reported wireless phone service spending in the Consumer Expenditure Survey. Using state‐level variation in policy implementation and triple‐differences event study methods, I estimate that the expansion reduced households’ wireless service spending by more than 100 percent of subsidy payments. I document that the expansion led to a separate, competitive market for providers catering to low‐income households. Consequently, higher‐quality subsidized services crowded out lower‐quality unsubsidized options, saving households more than an equivalent cash transfer. This highlights how market segmentation and competition can magnify a targeted subsidy's impact.