bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demenz durch Fernsehen
Authors: Spitzer Manfred 
Published: June 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas Fernsehen wurde als eine besondere kulturelle Aktivität beschrieben, bei der rasch wechselnde fragmentierte dichte sensorische Reize einerseits mit Passivität des Betrachters andererseits kombiniert sind. Aufgrund der genannten Charakteristika ist diese kulturelle Aktivität – wie viele andere kulturelle Aktivitäten auch – möglicherweise gesundheitsschädlicher als bisher angenommen wurde. Dies betrifft nicht nur die Kindheit und Jugend, sondern auch und gerade das höhere Alter. Ab einer täglichen Nutzungsdauer von 3,5 Stunden hat nach dem gegenwärtigen Stand der Erkenntnis das Fernsehen bei Menschen im Alter von über 50 Jahren einen ungünstigen Einfluss auf den weiteren Verlauf der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit. Der Zusammenhang ist nicht auf Bewegungsmangel oder die Verdrängung anderer gesunder Verhaltensweisen zurückzuführen und bleibt auch bei Berücksichtigung der üblichen demografischen und gesundheitlichen Variablen bestehen. Angesichts der gegenwärtigen demografischen Entwicklung wird ohnehin mit einer deutlichen Zunahme demenzieller Erkrankungen in den nächsten Jahrzehnten gerechnet, die unser Gesundheitssystem stark belasten wird. Der mit zunehmendem Alter deutlich zunehmende TV-Konsum verstärkt damit eine Entwicklung, der wir gegensteuern müssen. Es besteht daher dringender Forschungsbedarf im Hinblick auf unseren „alltäglichen“ und zugleich gesundheitsschädlichen Bildschirmmedienkonsum.
Kopfschmerz News der DMKG
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie COMPEL-Studie ist eine offene Langzeitstudie, die den Effekt von 155 U Onabotulinumtoxin bei Patienten mit chronischer Migräne mit und ohne tägliche Kopfschmerzen über 9 Behandlungszyklen untersucht hat. Die Publikation stellt die Ergebnisse der Subgruppenanalyse täglicher Kopfschmerz (n = 138) vs. nicht täglicher Kopfschmerz (n = 503) vor. Primärer Zielparameter war der Rückgang der Kopfschmerztage über ein Intervall von jeweils 28 Tagen nach 9 Behandlungszyklen im Vergleich Baseline. Die Studie wurde von 43,5 % derer mit täglichen Kopfschmerzen und von 55,1 % derer ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz beendet. In beiden Subgruppen (mit/ohne tägl. Kopfschmerz) kam es in Woche 24 (–5,7/-8,8 Tage), 60 (–8,3/-10,9) und 108 (–10,5/-12,2) zu einem signifikanten und im Verlauf zunehmenden Rückgang der Kopfschmerztage pro Monat, wobei der Rückgang bei der Gruppe mit täglichen Kopfschmerzen regelhaft etwas geringer war. Statistisch bestand bei Woche 108 kein signifikanter Unterschied mehr zwischen den 2 Subgruppen. Zudem nahmen die Tage mit mäßigen bzw. schweren Kopfschmerzen in beiden Gruppen ab: Woche 108 mit/ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz –11,5/-9,9 Tage pro Monat. Die Belastung durch Kopfschmerzen gemessen mit MIDAS und HIT-6-Score reduzierte sich ebenfalls in beiden Gruppen signifikant und es wurde in beiden Gruppen eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität mit dem MSQ nachgewiesen. Unerwünschte Ereignisse traten in beiden Gruppen auf (mit/ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz 71,7/58,9 %). Dies führte bei 7,2/3,4 % zum Abbruch der Studie. Die bekannten substanztypischen Nebenwirkungen (z. B. Ptosis, Nackenschmerzen) traten in beiden Gruppen etwa gleich häufig auf.
A case of mixed-type early gastric cancer with recurrence following curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for expanded indication
Authors: Kobayashi Shunsuke , Nonaka Satoru , Oda Ichiro , Abe Seiichiro , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yoshinaga Shigetaka , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Sekine Shigeki , Igarashi Yoshinori , Saito Yutaka 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims In Japan, intramucosal gastric adenocarcinoma with ulcerative finding having a predominantly differentiated type with an undifferentiated component, tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm, and no lymphovascular invasion is included in the expanded pathological criteria for curative endoscopic treatment. This indication is based on retrospective examination of surgical resection cases, and is determined to have a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). We performed endoscopic submucosal dissection on a 78-year-old man with early gastric cancer in 2011, and pathology revealed a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma (21 × 10 mm in diameter), with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma components, limited to the mucosa, fibrosis by ulcer scar in the submucosal layer, no lymphovascular invasion, and tumor-free margins. Resection was determined to be curative under expanded indications of the gastric cancer treatment guidelines, 4th edition. However, 55 months after the initial diagnosis, invasive local and distant recurrence was noted. Ultimately, the patient died of gastric cancer 3 months after recurrence.
Bei Ekzemen auch in den Darm schauen
Authors: Ellwanger Thomas 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungEine junge Patientin klagt über Neurodermitis. Die Ursache reicht bis in den Darm. Eine Stuhlanalyse weist auf eine gestörte Darmmikrobiota und ein Leaky Gut hin. Die Therapie mit Autovaccinen, Prä- und Probiotika sowie eine temporäre Ernährungsumstellung brachten die Darmflora und dadurch auch das Hautbild wieder ins Gleichgewicht.
Evaluation of Brachial Plexus Using Combined Stereological Techniques of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tracking
Authors: Acer Niyazi , Turgut Mehmet 
Published: June 2019

Background Brachial plexus (BP) is composed of intercommunications among the ventral roots of the nerves C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 in the neck. The in vivo and in vitro evaluation of axons of the peripheral nervous system is performed using different techniques. Recently, many studies describing the application of fiber tractography and stereological axon number estimation to peripheral nerves have been published.
Methods Various quantitative parameters of nerve fibers, including axon number, density, axonal area, and myelin thickness, can be estimated using stereological techniques. In vivo three-dimensional reconstruction of axons of BP can be visualized using a combined technique of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber tracking with the potential to evaluate nerve fiber content.
Conclusion It is concluded that terminal branches of BP can be successfully visualized using DTI, which is a highly reproducible method for the evaluation of BP as it shows anatomical and functional features of neural structures. We believe that quantitative morphological findings obtained from BP will be useful for new experimental, developmental, and pathological studies in the future.
Diode Laser and Fractional Laser Innovations
Authors: Archer Kaete A. , Carniol Paul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLaser technology continues to increase in popularity and expand treatment options for patients with common but challenging skin conditions including facial telangiectasias, facial aging, striae distensae, and acne scars. Facial telangiectasias have been estimated to occur in tens of millions of people worldwide. The 585-nm laser was the first to follow the principle of selective photothermolysis for the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions, but it caused significant postoperative purpura. Newer diode lasers target superficial and deep telangiectasias without the side effects of the 585-nm laser. Ablative resurfacing was introduced in the 1990s with the carbon dioxide laser to address facial rhytids and photoaging. While effective, the risks and downtime were significant. The newest fractionated nonablative lasers are demonstrating impressive results, with decreased risks and downtime. This new generation of lasers is being used extensively and in unique combinations for facial aging, striae, and acne scars.
Congenital Cyanotic Cardiac Surgery in Children: Is Algorithm-Based Point-of-Care Testing Essential to Prevent Bleeding?
Authors: Bhardwaj Vandana , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Karanjkar Ameya Anand , Chowdhury Ujjwal Kumar , Hote Milind Padmakar , Rajashekhar Palleti 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background Patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) have multifactorial hematologic abnormalities. In continuation of our previous study titled “Coagulopathies in Cyanotic Cardiac Patients: An Analysis with Three Point-of-Care Testing Devices (Thromboelastography, Rotational Thromboelastometry, and Sonoclot Analyzer),” we extended this prospective observational study to a larger cohort to reconfirmed the need to do a point-of-care (POC) test in bleeding cyanotic children. We formulated an algorithm. We conducted this study now by comparing three different POC parameters in an algorithm-based manner and deciphering the best parameter from an algorithm-based and the best parameter POC from an algorithm-based perspective. We conducted this study to compare three different viscoelastic POC tests: thromboelastography (TEG), rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), and Sonoclot analyzer to predict thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia in cyanotic cardiac surgery patients.
Material and Methods A total of 105 patients of either sex, who were scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery for CCHD on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were enrolled after obtaining written and informed consent. Blood samples for TEG, ROTEM, Sonoclot, and standard laboratory coagulation tests were collected after induction of anesthesia (T1) and 30 minutes after protamine reversal (T2).
Results We observed significant correlations between POC parameters, platelet count, and serum fibrinogen levels. Area under the curve (AUC, 0.90) of ROTEM FIBTEM-A10 was found to be superior in detecting hypofibrinogenemia (serum fibrinogen < 200 mg/dL). AUC of TEG α angle (AUC 0.79), TEG MA (AUC 0.77) and Sonoclot CR (AUC 0.73) were comparable. Sonoclot PF was found to have highest AUC (0.95) to detect thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/μL). ROTEM FIBTEM-A10 at cutoff value ≤ 7.5 mm had highest sensitivity (87.2%) and specificity (80.3%) to detect hypofibrinogenemia. Sonoclot PF at cutoff value ≤ 0.95 had highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (83.7%) to detect thrombocytopenia. We formulated a POC algorithm based on cutoff value derived from ROC curves.
Conclusion In conclusion, although all three viscoelastic POC devices (TEG, ROTEM, and Sonoclot) can be used to detect hypofibrinogenemia and thrombocytopenia, it was reaffirmed on a larger subset of patients that ROTEM FIBTEM has highest diagnostic accuracy for hypofibrinogenemia, whereas Sonoclot PF has highest diagnostic value for thrombocytopenia in CCHD surgical patients.
Fatal Course of Abdominal Neonatal Intestinal Fibrosarcoma
Authors: Boutillier Béatrice , Cardoen Liesbeth , Alison Marianne , Berrebi Dominique , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Virlouvet Anne-Laure , Michon Jean , Soudée Sophie , Bonnard Arnaud 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInfantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) is a rare nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue tumor and accounts for less than 1% of childhood cancers. Forty per cent are present at birth and only 10% of IFS occurs in the abdomen. Our case of neonatal fibrosarcoma presented as a distal small bowel stenosis complicated with meconium peritonitis. The diagnosis was by histology of the surgical resection. The diagnosis of IFS is challenging as there are no specific features of IFS on imaging. Any unexpected solid lesion should raise the suspicion of complicated bowel tumoral lesion. If a neoplastic lesion is suspected extensive, surgery may be postponed until the final diagnosis is made.
Inositol polyphosphates promote T cell-independent humoral immunity via the regulation of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase
Authors: Kim Wooseob , Kim Eunha , Min Hyungyu , Kim Min Gyu , Eisenbeis Verena B. , Dutta Amit K. , Pavlovic Igor , Jessen Henning J. , Kim Seyun , Seong Rho Hyun 
Published: June 2019

SignificanceT cell-independent (TI) immune response is crucial in generation of intense and rapid humoral immunity for defense against microbial infection. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is critical for the TI immune response, and signaling components controlling its activity during B cell receptor (BCR) signaling is known. However, some mutant forms of Btk observed in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patients suggest that there may be other mechanisms tightly regulating its activity, particularly in TI immune response. Here, we show that inositol polyphosphates are key metabolites modulating the activity of Btk in BCR signaling. Our results provide insights on the role of inositol polyphosphates in B cell immunity.
Two-dimensional photonic crystals for engineering atom–light interactions
Authors: Yu Su-Peng , Muniz Juan A. , Hung Chen-Lung , Kimble H. J. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Specialized 2D photonic crystals have been developed to interact with ultracold atoms, which are identical particles demonstrating quantum behavior both in their interaction with photons and in their motional degrees of freedom. In the system presented here, the quantum nature of atoms is complemented with capabilities of 2D photonic crystals to engineer optical dispersion, light emission patterns, and photon-mediated coherent interactions. The combined system enables atom–atom interactions mediated by photons in the guided modes of the photonic crystals to provide additional tools to engineer quantum many-body systems and create exotic quantum matter.
Apelin protects against abdominal aortic aneurysm and the therapeutic role of neutral endopeptidase resistant apelin analogs
Authors: Wang Wang , Shen Mengcheng , Fischer Conrad , Basu Ratnadeep , Hazra Saugata , Couvineau Pierre , Paul Manish , Wang Faqi , Toth Sandra , Mix Doran S. , Poglitsch Marko , Gerard Norma P. , Bouvier Michel , Vederas John C. , Penninger Josef M. , Kassiri Zamaneh , Oudit Gavin Y. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Vascular diseases remain a major health burden, and AAAs lack effective medical therapy. We demonstrate a seminal role for APLN in AAA pathogenesis based on loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches and included human vascular SMCs and AA tissue obtained from patients. We identified NEP as a dominant inactivating enzyme for native APLN-17. This allowed us to design and synthesize a stable and bioactive APLN analog resistant to NEP degradation that showed profound therapeutic effects against AAA. Our study clearly defines the APLN pathway as a central node in the pathogenesis of AAA and elucidate a therapeutic strategy of enhancing the APLN pathway by using a stable APLN analog to treat AAA.
Neutralization of rhesus cytomegalovirus IL-10 reduces horizontal transmission and alters long-term immunity
Authors: Deere Jesse D. , Chang W. L. William , Villalobos Andradi , Schmidt Kimberli A. , Deshpande Ashlesha , Castillo Luis D. , Fike Joseph , Walter Mark R. , Barry Peter A. , Hartigan-O’Connor Dennis J. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that causes severe disease in infants and immunocompromised people. Development of a vaccine to control the spread of CMV has been a decades-long goal. Most vaccine strategies target glycoprotein B (gB), a viral glycoprotein used for entry into host cells. We have instead targeted viral interleukin-10 (vIL-10), an immunomodulatory protein. We investigated whether these two approaches combined are capable of controlling horizontal transmission of CMV in a nonhuman primate model. Our results demonstrated that, while vaccination against gB was not protective, neutralizing antibodies against vIL-10 significantly reduced CMV transmission and disrupted host immunity when infection did occur. These results demonstrate that vIL-10 is an important target for prevention of CMV disease.
Looking-glass game or the semiotics of otherness in Andalucía contra Berbería by Emilio García Gómez
Authors: Gil-Bardají Anna 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article analyses the semiotic construction of the Other in the peritexts of three Medieval Arabic chronicles from al-Andalus (the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims from 711 to 1492), published under the title Andalucía contra Berbería by the outstanding Spanish Arabist Emilio García Gómez. Few studies have dealt, from a critical perspective, with the discourse (or discourses) concerning Arabic cultures and societies constructed by European academic Orientalism in general, or by the Spanish Arabism in particular. Assuming that translation, given its hybrid nature, plays a crucial role in the construction of othering discourses, this article attempts to analyse the identification and othering strategies used by García Gómez on the basis of a methodological approach that combines Genette’s notion of paratext (1987), the notions of text, context and pretext proposed by Widdowson (2004 and 2007) and the “Model of semiotic construction of the Other” developed by Carbonell (2003 and 2004), all within the general framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The results of this analysis show a significant othering of Berber and/or African references. This is further reinforced by García Gómez’ identification with al-Andalus, which pivots between his own identification with the medieval authors of the three chronicles, and the parallels he establishes between medieval al-Andalus and the Spain of the first half of the 20th century.
Suffering and the primacy of virtue
Authors: James Simon P 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSome people claim that some instances of suffering are intrinsically bad in an impersonal way. If it were true, that claim might seem to count against virtue ethics and for consequentialism. Drawing on the works of Jason Kawall, Christine Swanton and Nietzsche, I consider some reasons for thinking that it is, however, false. I argue, moreover, that even if it were true, a virtue ethicist could consistently acknowledge its truth.
Reversible jump MCMC for multi-model inference in Metabolic Flux Analysis
Authors: Theorell Axel , Nöh Katharina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Motivation
The validity of model based inference, as used in systems biology, depends on the underlying model formulation. Often, a vast number of competing models is available, that are built on different assumptions, all consistent with the existing knowledge about the studied biological phenomenon. As a remedy for this, Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) facilitates parameter and structural inferences based on multiple models simultaneously. However, in fields where a vast number of alternative, high-dimensional and non-linear models are involved, the BMA-based inference task is computationally very challenging.

Results
Here we use BMA in the complex setting of Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) to infer whether potentially reversible reactions proceed uni- or bidirectionally, using 13C labeling data and metabolic networks. BMA is applied on a large set of candidate models with differing directionality settings, using a tailored multi-model Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. The applicability of our algorithm is shown by inferring the in vivo probability of reaction bidirectionalities in a realistic network setup, thereby extending the scope of 13C MFA from parameter to structural inference.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Chromatographic Determination of Thermodynamic Acid Dissociation Constants of Tetracycline Antibiotics and Their Epimers
Authors: Konçe İlkay , Demiralay Ebru Çubuk , Ortak Hülya Yılmaz 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The presented study describes the development of reversed-phase liquid chromatography method using a core-shell particle column with a pentafluorophenyl stationary phase for the dissociation constant (pKa) determination of the tetracycline group antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline) and their epimers (4-epitetracycline, 4-epioxytetracycline, 4-epichlortetracycline). The pH values were measured in the acetonitrile (ACN)–water binary mixtures, used as mobile phases, instead of in water and take into account the effect of the activity coefficients. Thermodynamic acid dissociation constant (pKa1) values of studied antibiotics and their epimers were calculated using retention factor (k) at different mobile phase pH values in studied binary mixtures with ACN percentages of 20, 25, 30 and 35% (v/v). Experimental data were analyzed by using an Origin 7.0 program to fit experimental data to the nonlinear expression derived. From calculated pKa1 values, the aqueous pKa values of studied compounds were calculated by different approaches and these values were compared.
Impact of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Bacterial Meningitis in Madagascar
Authors: Andriatahirintsoa Emilson Jean P R , Raboba Julia Liliane , Rahajamanana Vonintsoa Lalaina , Rakotozanany Ando Lalaina , Nimpa Mengouom M , Vuo Masembe Yolande , Weldegebriel Goitom , De Gouveia Linda , Mwenda Jason M , Robinson Annick Lalaina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in Madagascar in 2012. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of PCV10 on bacterial meningitis in hospitalized children <5 years of age.

Methods
During 2010–2017, data from the hospital admission logbook were recorded for bacterial meningitis and pneumonia hospitalizations in children <5 years of age. Between April 2011 and December 2017, 3312 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from children who fulfilled the World Health Organization case definition of suspected bacterial meningitis were analyzed at the sentinel site laboratory (SSL) by microscopy, culture, and antigen detection tests. A total of 2065 CSF samples were referred to the regional reference laboratory for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. 2010–2011 was defined as the prevaccine period, 2012 as vaccine introduction year, and 2013–2017 the postvaccine period. The number of cases, causative agent, and pneumonia hospitalizations were compared before and after PCV10 introduction.

Results
In the prevaccine period, bacterial meningitis and pneumonia hospitalizations accounted for 4.5% and 24.5% of all hospitalizations while there were 2.6% and 19%, respectively, in the postvaccine period (P < .001). In samples tested at the SSL, 154 were positive with 80% Streptococcus pneumoniae and 20% other bacteria. Pneumococcal meningitis diagnosed by RT-PCR declined from 14% in 2012 to 3% in 2017. Also, 14% of children with pneumococcal meningitis died.

Conclusions
Following PCV10 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis, bacterial meningitis, and pneumonia hospitalizations declined. Surveillance should continue to monitor the impact of PCV10.
Ventricular tachycardia in patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy: a case series
Authors: Nikhanj Anish , Sivakumaran Soori , Miskew-Nichols Bailey , Siddiqi Zaeem A , Oudit Gavin Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is associated with a variety of cardiac conduction abnormalities and the frequent need for permanent pacing. However, the role of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and the implied risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is poorly understood.

Case summary
This study examined a 56-patient DM1 cohort of men and women, and identified five patients (two females and three males) with ventricular arrhythmias (8.9%). Patients were reviewed on a case-by-case basis, with their clinical presentation and management of VT and the associated cardiomyopathy indicated. Patient cardiac function was determined by 12-lead electrocardiogram, 48-h Holter monitor, and transthoracic echocardiography. These patients were therefore suitable candidates for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and received these devices; four of the five patients also received cardiac resynchronization therapy. Medical therapies included angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and following device implantation, beta-blocker therapy was initiated.

Discussion
Our case series demonstrates the prevalence of VT in patients with DM1 highlighting the associated risks of SCD in this patient population. The burden of ventricular arrhythmias, advanced conduction disease, and cardiomyopathy are best treated with a combination of device and medical therapies.