bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Switching from linear to macrocyclic gadolinium‐based contrast agents halts the relative T1‐Weighted signal increase in deep gray matter of children with brain tumors: A retrospective study
Authors: Rowe Selene K. , Rodriguez Daniel , Cohen Ellie , Grundy Richard , Morgan Paul S. , Jaspan Tim , Dineen Robert A. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundStudies have shown signal intensity (SI) changes in the brains of children exposed to repeated doses of a gadolinium‐based contrast agent (GBCA).HypothesisThe trajectory of changes in relative dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP) SI in children receiving multiple doses of GBCA will alter when switched from linear to macrocyclic agents.Study TypeRetrospective longitudinal.PopulationThirty‐five children, age range 0.5–17.0 years, undergoing brain tumor follow‐up between 2006 and 2017.Field Strength/SequenceUnenhanced T1WI, serial scans at both 1.5T and 3T.AssessmentRegions of interest were drawn on DN, GP, and SIs normalized to middle cerebellar peduncle (DN/MCP) and cerebral white matter (GP/CWM), respectively. A change in SI ratios as a function of dose (slope gradient) calculated according to the type of contrast agent received: linear only, macrocyclic only, or switchover from linear to macrocyclic. For the latter, gradients were compared before and after switchover. The effect of anticancer treatment on slope gradient was tested.Statistical TestsOne‐sample t‐test or Mann–Whitney U‐test for slope gradients differing from zero. Independent samples t‐tests to compare slope gradient groups. Paired sample t‐tests to compare slope gradients before and after switchover.ResultsA significant (P < 0.05) increase in SI ratio was observed following multiple doses of linear but not macrocyclic agents: mean percentage increase per dose in SI was 0.063% vs. –0.034% for DN/MCP, and 0.078% vs. 0.004% for GP/CWM ratios. A significant (P < 0.05) change of SI trajectory in the DN/MCP ratio was demonstrated when switching from a linear to macrocyclic agent. There was no difference in SI trajectory between patients who had anticancer therapies and those who did not, DN/MCP P = 0.740; GP/BWM P = 0.694.Data ConclusionSwitching from linear to macrocyclic gadolinium‐based contrast agents seems to halt the relative T1 signal increase in deep gray matter in children. Anticancer treatments appeared to have no impact on the trajectory of T1 SI.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:288–295.
Basal ganglia involvement in the playfulness of juvenile rats
Authors: Siviy Stephen M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPlay is an important part of normal childhood development and can be readily studied in the laboratory rat in the form of rough‐and‐tumble play. Given the robust nature of rough‐and‐tumble play, it has often been assumed that the basal ganglia would have a prominent role in modulating this behavior. Recent work using c‐fos expression as a metabolic marker for neural activity combined with temporary inactivation of relevant corticostriatal regions and pharmacological manipulations of opioid, cannabinoid, and dopamine systems has led to a better understanding of how basal ganglia circuitry may be involved in modulating social play in the juvenile rat. Studies using selective play deprivation have also provided insight into the consequences of playful experiences on basal ganglia function. Data reviewed in this paper support a role for the basal ganglia in social play and also suggest that corticostriatal functioning also benefits from playful activities.
Fruit phytochemical composition and color parameters of 21 accessions of five Rosa species grown in North West Iran
Authors: Shameh Shahla , Alirezalu Abolfazl , Hosseini Bahman , Maleki Ramin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe genus Rosa comprises economically important horticultural plants belonging to the family Rosaceae. Recently, the use of different Rosa species has increased owing to their multipurpose properties (ornamental, food and medicinal uses). In this study, 21 accessions of Rosa genotypes were compared for fruit phytochemical composition and color parameters.RESULTSThe highest antioxidant activity (37.86 mg AAE g−1 FW) and total phenolic (8.17 mg GAE g−1 FW), total flavonoid (2.53 mg QUE g−1 FW), total carotenoid (20.21 mg g−1 FW) and ascorbic acid (84.27 mg g−1 FW) contents were observed in G20 (R. canina), G8 (R. canina), G9 (R. canina), G5 (R. damascena) and G10 (R. moschata) respectively. Chlorogenic acid and gallic acid were found as the main phenolic constituents of Rosa fruits. High amounts of apigenin, rutin, quercetin, p‐coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and gallic acid were obtained in fruit extracts of G6, G14, G6, G8, G19, G9, G19 and G12 respectively. Moreover, the level of color parameters also varied among genotypes. The highest values of a*, b*, L* and chroma were obtained in G4 (R. canina). Based on hierarchical clustering analysis with heat‐map, five groups of accessions were identified.CONCLUSIONDifferent Rosa genotypes are rich in certain phytochemical compounds, with significant variations in their levels being observed. Hence evaluation of Rosa genetic resources can supply valuable data for screening accessions containing high levels of individual phenolics, antioxidants and other bioactive compounds for use in breeding programs and food and pharma industries. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Rapid screening and purification of potential alkaloid neuraminidase inhibitors from Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam. roots via ultrafiltration liquid chromatography combined with stepwise flow rate counter‐current chromatography
Authors: Cao Chenxiao , Du Peixia , Zhu Xiaomeng , Yan Huijiao , Song Xiangyun , Zhu Heng , Geng Yanling , Wang Daijie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractToddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam. is a medical plant traditionally used to treat coughs, fevers, and various diseases. Alkaloids are the main active ingredients in Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam., but traditional methods for screening and separation are complex and labor‐intensive. In this work, an efficient strategy was developed to rapidly screen, identify, and separate neuraminidase inhibitors from Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam. Ultrafiltration, high performance liquid chromatography, and time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry were employed for rapid screening and identification of neuraminidase inhibitors. A two‐phase solvent system comprising n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5:5:3:7, v/v) was then selected for separation by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography. A sample loading of 200 mg and a stepwise flow rate were achieved by increasing the flow rate from 2 to 4 mL/min after 4 h. Three main fluoroquinoline alkaloids (haplopine, skimmianine, and 5‐methoxydictamnine) along with two coumarins were obtained via one‐step separation and their structures were determined by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. In vitro assays revealed skimmianine with half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of 16.2 ± 0.7 µmol/L was selected as the potential highest neuraminidase inhibitor. The results suggest that ultrafiltration high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with high‐speed counter‐current chromatography is efficient for the screening and isolation of neuraminidase inhibitors from complex natural products.
Education and insurance status: Impact on treatment and survival of sinonasal cancer patients
Authors: Agarwal Pratima , Jones Eric A. , Devaiah Anand K. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo understand the impact of education and insurance as social determinants of health on sinonasal cancer treatment and outcomes.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsDemographics, tumor characteristics, location, stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival data for 1,365 patients diagnosed with sinonasal cancers were extracted from the SEER database. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.5. The Fine and Grey method was used to assess covariate impacts.ResultsMedicaid patients were more likely to live in counties with lower educational levels (8.32% vs. 6.46% below ninth grade education, P < .0001) and lower median household incomes ($56,316 vs. $60,284, P = .0004). Medicaid patients presented with later (T3‐T4) stage disease compared to other insurances (P = .0007) and larger tumor size (P = .011). Medicaid patients were less likely to have surgery recommended (P = .0017) or receive surgery as part of their treatment (P = .0033). Analysis of histology‐specific 5‐year survival rates were lower for Medicaid patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) (P = .016).ConclusionsThis is the first and largest study to examine how education and insurance status may impact treatment and outcomes in sinonasal cancers. It is the first using this method of examining other covariates and informing associated risk. Patients with Medicaid and less education present with larger sinonasal cancers. They are less likely to have surgery recommended or receive surgery. For SCCA, the most common histology, Medicaid patients have significantly worse survival. Further emphasis on education and improving health literacy is needed in the at‐risk Medicaid populations.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:649–658, 2020
Effects of agricultural land use change on organic carbon and its labile fractions in the soil profile in an urban agricultural area
Authors: Luo Youlin , Li Qiquan , Shen Jie , Wang Changquan , Li Bing , Yuan Shu , Zhao Bin , Li Huanxiu , Zhao Junwen , Guo Lingke , Li Shan , He Yuting 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) required for carbon sequestration and nutrient availability are contradictory, and the changes in SOC caused by agricultural land use changes remain elusive. Data on the total soil organic carbon (TOC) and labile organic carbon, including easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), of the soil profile were analysed for four typical agricultural land use scenarios in the Chengdu Plain, China. The impacts of agricultural land use changes on sequestration and nutrient availability of SOC were assessed in this urban agricultural area using the space‐for‐time substitution method. Conversion of land use from a traditional agricultural rotation (rice‐wheat/rapeseed rotation) to afforestation increased the MBC content and decreased the contents of EOC, DOC, and TOC due to the lower input of organic matter, improved aeration of the soil profile, and growth of aboveground biomass. Conversion of a traditional rotation to a rice–garlic rotation resulted in a significant increase in topsoil TOC, slight but insignificant decreases in subsoil TOC, and clear increases in labile organic carbon because of rice planting, rice straw mulch, and reasonable application of chemical fertilizers. In contrast, the conversion of a traditional rotation to a rice–leafy vegetable rotation decreased MBC due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers that consequently increased EOC, DOC, and TOC. We conclude that afforestation on paddy soil has negative consequences for soil carbon sequestration and a rice–leafy vegetable rotation contributes to carbon sequestration but is detrimental to soil fertility. In addition, the MBC ratio in soil could be the optimal indicator for assessing SOC stability and soil fertility, and more attention should be paid to subsoil carbon changes.
Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Increase of Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Pasternak‐Mnich Kamila , Ziemba Barbara , Szwed Aleksandra , Kopacz Karolina , Synder Marek , Bryszewska Maria , Kujawa Jolanta 
Published: June 2019

Background and ObjectivesWe have investigated how low intensity laser irradiation emitted by a multiwave‐locked system (MLS M1) affects the viability and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depending on the parameters of the irradiation.Study Design/Materials and MethodsCells isolated surgically from the femoral bone during surgery were identified by flow cytometry and cell differentiation assays. For irradiation, two wavelengths (808 and 905 nm) with the following parameters were used: power density 195, 230, and 318 mW/cm
2, doses of energy 3, 10, and 20 J (energy density 0.93–6.27 J/cm
2), and in continuous (CW) or pulsed emission (PE) (frequencies 1,000 and 2,000 Hz).ResultsThere were statistically significant increases of cell viability and proliferation after irradiation at 3 J (CW; 1,000 Hz), 10 J (1,000 Hz), and 20 J (2,000 Hz).ConclusionsIrradiation with the MLS M1 system can be used in vitro to modulate MSCs in preparation for therapeutic applications. This will assist in designing further studies to optimize the radiation parameters and elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action of the radiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bonding and Debonding on Demand with Temperature and Light Responsive Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Ferahian Anne‐Cécile , Hohl Diana Kay , Weder Christoph , Montero de Espinosa Lucas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDue to their low melt viscosity, competitive adhesive properties, and the stimuli‐responsive nature of supramolecular interactions, various supramolecular polymers have recently been investigated as adhesives with on‐demand (de)bonding capability. The adhesive properties of a series of hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular polymer networks based on a telechelic poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene) (PEB) terminated with isophthalic acid (IPA) groups and a series of bifunctional pyridines (Py) are reported herein. These supramolecular polymers microphase segregate into an IPA‐Py rich hard phase and an amorphous low‐glass‐transition PEB phase, and their properties depend on the nature of the pyridine‐carrying monomer. Rheological measurements show that the polymers disassemble into low‐viscosity melts when heated above the melting or glass transition temperature of the hard phase. Lap joints bonded with the polymers display a shear strength of up to 1.3 MPa, and debonding is possible in less than 10 s upon heating or exposure to UV–light; to enable rapid light‐induced (de)bonding, a light–heat converter is introduced. Cyclic bonding/debonding experiments reveal that the shear strength remains unchanged over five cycles and demonstrate that the process is very robust.
In silico Design, Virtual Screening and Synthesis of Novel Electrolytic Solvents
Authors: Marcou G. , Flamme B. , Beck G. , Chagnes A. , Mokshyna O. , Horvath D. , Varnek A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report the building, validation and release of QSPR (Quantitative Structure Property Relationship) models aiming to guide the design of new solvents for the next generation of Li‐ion batteries. The dataset compiled from the literature included oxidation potentials (Eox), specific ionic conductivities (κ), melting points (Tm) and boiling points (Tb) for 103 electrolytes. Each of the resulting consensus models assembled 9–19 individual Support Vector Machine models built on different sets of ISIDA fragment descriptors.(1) They were implemented in the ISIDA/Predictor software. Developed models were used to screen a virtual library of 9965 esters and sulfones. The most promising compounds prioritized according to theoretically estimated properties were synthesized and experimentally tested.
Overexpression of X Intrinsic Protein 1;1 in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis reduces boron allocation to shoot sink tissues
Authors: Bienert Manuela Desiree , Muries Beatriz , Crappe Delphine , Chaumont François , Bienert Gerd Patrick 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMajor Intrinsic Proteins (MIP) are a family of channels facilitating the diffusion of water and/or small solutes across cellular membranes. X Intrinsic Proteins (XIP) form the least characterized MIP subfamily in vascular plants. XIPs are mostly impermeable to water but facilitate the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide, urea and boric acid when expressed in heterologous expression systems. However, their transport capabilities in planta and their impact on plant physiology are still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of NtXIP1;1 in Nicotiana tabacum by the En2pPMA4 or the 35S CaMV promoter and in Arabidopsis, which does not contain any XIP gene, by the 35S CaMV promoter, resulted in boron (B)‐deficiency symptoms such as death of the shoot apical meristem, infertile flowers, and puckered leaves. Leaf B concentrations in symptomatic tissues and B xylem sap concentrations were lower in the overexpressors than in control plants. Importantly, expression of NtXIP1;1 under the control of the AtNIP5;1 promoter complemented the B deficiency phenotype of the Atnip5;1 knockout mutant, defining its ability to act as a boric acid channel in planta. Protein quantification analysis revealed that NtXIP1;1 was predominantly expressed in young B‐demanding tissues and induced under B‐deficient conditions. Our results strongly suggest that NtXIP1;1 plays a role in B homeostasis and its tissue‐specific expression critically contributes to the distribution of B within tobacco.
Tungsten Nitride, Well‐Dispersed on Porous Carbon: Remarkable Catalyst, Produced without Addition of Ammonia, for the Oxidative Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel
Authors: Khan Nazmul Abedin , Bhadra Biswa Nath , Park Suk Woo , Han Yong‐Su , Jhung Sung Hwa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPolyanilines (pANIs), loaded with phosphotungstic acid (PTA), are pyrolyzed to get WO3 or W2N (≈6 and ≈7 nm, respectively), which is well‐dispersed on pANI‐derived porous carbons (pDCs). Depending on the pyrolysis temperature, WO3/pDC, W2N/pDC, or W2N‐W/pDCs could be obtained selectively. pANI acts as both the precursor of pDC and the nitrogen source for the nitridation of WO3 into W2N during the pyrolysis. Importantly, W2N could be obtained from the pyrolysis without ammonia feeding. The obtained W2N/pDC is applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of liquid fuel for the first time, and the results are compared with WO3/pDC and WO3/ZrO2. The W2N/pDC is very efficient in ODS with remarkable performance compared with WO3/pDC or WO3/ZrO2, which is applied as a representative ODS catalyst. For example, W2N/pDC shows around 3.4 and 2.7 times of kinetic constant and turnover frequency (based on 5 min of reaction), respectively, compared to that of WO3/ZrO2. Moreover, the catalysts could be regenerated in a facile way. Therefore, W2N/pDC could be produced facilely from pyrolysis (without ammonia feeding) of PTA/pANI, and W2N, well‐dispersed on pDC, can be suggested as a very efficient oxidation catalyst for the desulfurization of liquid fuel.
P.005 Long-term retention on adjunctive brivaracetam in adults with focal seizures and previous carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, or topiramate use: Post-hoc analysis
Authors: Foris K , Martin M , Dimova S , Elmoufti S , Laloyaux C , Chung SS 
Published: June 2019

Background: Previous post-hoc analysis of three 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of adjunctive brivaracetam (BRV) in patients with focal seizures demonstrated similar efficacy over placebo regardless of previous carbamazepine (CBZ), lamotrigine (LTG), levetiracetam (LEV), or topiramate (TPM) failure. This analysis explored long-term retention of adjunctive BRV in patients with previous CBZ/LTG/LEV/TPM. Methods: Post-hoc analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (N01358 [NCT01261325]) and open-label extension (N01379 [NCT01339559]; cut-off 15-March-2017) of adjunctive BRV in patients (≥16 years) with focal seizures. Outcomes were assessed in patients randomized to BRV (100 or 200 mg/day) who had previous CBZ/LTG/LEV/TPM (stopped ≥90 days before BRV initiation). Results: 503 patients were analyzed. Baseline characteristics were generally similar in subgroups with previous CBZ/LTG/LEV/TPM (n=209/162/256/182). Overall, Kaplan-Meier-estimated BRV retention at 1-, 3-, and 5-years was 71.0%, 50.9%, and 32.4%. Across previous antiepileptic drug (AED) subgroups, Kaplan-Meier-estimated BRV retention (1-year: 64.8%–73.2%; 3-year: 41.9%–49.9%; 5-year: 31.5%–35.7%), BRV discontinuations (58.4%–63.0%), and most common reasons for discontinuation (lack of efficacy: 23.0%–25.3%; adverse event: 16.7%–22.2%) were generally similar. Conclusions: Post-hoc analysis demonstrated similar long-term retention rates and discontinuation reasons with adjunctive BRV in adults previously treated with CBZ/LTG/LEV/TPM. Adjunctive BRV provides long-term effectiveness in patients who failed common AED treatments, including LEV.UCB Pharma-sponsored
Defending the English Pale: the viceroyalty of Richard Nugent, third baron of Delvin, 1527–8
Authors: Ellis Steven G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe kidnapping by the local chief, O'Connor Faly, of Henry VIII's governor, Lord Delvin, in 1528 plunged the Dublin administration into crisis. Delvin was the most obvious – but not entirely surprising – casualty of an ingenious but flawed experiment by the king, aimed at bolstering as governor a reliable border baron by harnessing to his governorship the manraed of the traditional ruling magnate, so saving the cost to the king of a border garrison. Delvin's weak administration underlined the low priority accorded to Irish affairs at Henry VIII's court; but even after its predictable collapse, the king disclaimed responsibility. Against advice at court and in Ireland, the king then insisted on reappointing a previously unsuccessful governor, thus simply compounding the difficulties faced by the Dublin administration.
Michael Jones and the survival of the Church of Ireland, 1647–9
Authors: Little Patrick 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe marquess of Ormond's surrender of Dublin to the forces of the English parliament in the summer of 1647 has been seen as marking the demise of the Church of Ireland, with ministers given the choice of adopting the PresbyterianDirectory for Public Worshipor fleeing the country. This article examines the survival of the church thanks to the benign influence of the governor of Dublin, Colonel Michael Jones, and his brother, Dr Henry Jones, bishop of Clogher. Under Michael Jones's rule the Book of Common Prayer continued to be used, ministers were appointed to vacancies, and clerical networks continued to operate. It was only after the Cromwellian invasion in August 1649, and the replacement of Jones by the Cromwellian hard-liner, Colonel John Hewson, that the church was forced out of business – a process completed with its formal abolition by the autumn of 1650.
Select document: ‘Petition of the inhabitants of Cavan to the lord deputy and council’, 8 July 1629
Authors: Scott Brendan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article examines a letter from Cavan's political elite to the lord deputy and council in July 1629 in protest against the imposition of charges relating to the Graces. The letter, with its graphic description of a county gripped by famine, tells us much about conditions on the ground at this time. What is most interesting about this petition, however, are the more than one hundred signatures appended to it. The names include a mix of both Gaelic Irish and British settlers and indicate a plantation county whose two communities were prepared to work with each other, on this occasion at least, in order to achieve a common goal.