bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of brief prewarming on anesthesia-related core-temperature drop, hemodynamics, microperfusion and postoperative ventilation in cytoreductive surgery of ovarian cancer a randomized trial
Authors: Kaufner Lutz , Niggemann Phil , Baum Tobias , Casu Sara , Sehouli Jalid , Bietenbeck Andreas , Boschmann Michael , Spies Claudia , Henkelmann Anne , von Heymann Christian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: General (GA)- and epidural-anesthesia may cause a drop in body-core-temperature (BCTdrop), and hypothermia, which may alter tissue oxygenation (StO2) and microperfusion after cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer. Cell metabolism of subcutaneous fat- or skeletal muscle cells, measured in microdialysis, may be affected. We hypothesized that forced-air prewarming during epidural catheter placement and induction of GA maintains normothermia and improves microperfusion.
Methods: After ethics approval 47 women scheduled for cytoreductive surgery were prospectively enrolled. Women in the study group were treated with a prewarming of 43°C during epidural catheter placement. BCT (Spot on®, 3M) was measured before (T1), after induction of GA (T2) at 15 min (T3) after start of surgery, and until 2h after ICU admission (TICU2h). Primary endpoint was BCTdrop between T1 and T2. Microperfusion-, hemodynamic- and clinical outcomes were defined as secondary outcomes. Statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney-U- and non-parametric-longitudinal tests.
Results: BCTdrop was 0.35 °C with prewarming and 0.9 °C without prewarming (p< 0.005) and BCT remained higher over the observation period (ΔT4 = 0.9 °C up to ΔT7 = 0.95 °C, p<0.001). No significant differences in hemodynamic parameters, transfusion, arterial lactate and dCO2 were measured. In microdialysis the ethanol ratio was temporarily, but not significantly, reduced after prewarming. Lactate, glucose and glycerol after PW tended to be more constant over the entire period. Postoperatively, six women without prewarming, but none after prewarming were mechanical ventilated (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: Prewarming at 43°C reduces the BCTdrop and maintains normothermia without impeding the perioperative routine patient flow. Microdialysis indicate better preserved parameters of microperfusion.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; ID: NCT02364219; Date of registration: 18-febr-2015
The draft genome of horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus reveals its evolutionary scenario and well-developed innate immunity
Authors: Zhou Yan , Liang Yuan , Yan Qing , Zhang Liang , Chen Dianbao , Ruan Lingwei , Kong Yuan , Shi Hong , Chen Mingliang , Chen Jianming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Horseshoe crabs are ancient marine arthropods with a long evolutionary history extending back approximately 450 million years that rely entirely on their innate immune system and have developed multiple defence systems. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying their abilities of distinguishing and defending against invading microbes are still unclear.
Results: Here, we describe the 2.06 Gbp genome assembly of T. tridentatus with 24,222 predicted protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics shows that T. tridentatus and the Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus have the most orthologues shared among two species, including genes involved in the immune-related Jak/STAT signalling pathway. Divergence time dating results show that the last common ancestor of Asian horseshoe crabs (including T. tridentatus) and L. polyphemus appeared approximately 130 Mya (121-141), and the split of the two Asian horseshoe crabs was dated to approximately 63 Mya (57-69). Hox gene analysis suggests two clusters in both horseshoe crab assemblies. Surprisingly, selective analysis of immune-related gene families revealed the high expansion of conserved pattern recognition receptors. Genes involved in the IMD and Jak/STAT signal transduction pathways also exhibited a certain degree of expansion in both genomes. Intact coagulation cascade-related genes were present in the T. tridentatus genome with a higher number of coagulation factor genes. Moreover, most reported antibacterial peptides have been identified in T. tridentatus with their potentially effective antimicrobial sites.
Conclusions: The draft genome of T. tridentatus could have prospects to eliminate the uncertainty in the evolutionary relationship of Chelicerata. The expansion of conserved immune signalling pathway genes, coagulation factors and intact antimicrobial peptides in T. tridentatus constitutes its robust and effective innate immunity for self-defence in marine environments with an enormous number of invading pathogens and may affect the quality of the adaptive properties with regard to complicated marine environments.
A case report of disseminated nocardiosis with ocular involvement in a myasthenia gravis patient and literature review
Authors: wang shuhui , Jiang Bin , Li Yao , Shang Yanchang , Liu Zhengshan , Zhang Yongbo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Nocardiosis is a rare and life-threatening opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Myasthenia gravis (MG) patients are potentially at risk of nocardia infection because of the use of immunosuppressive agents. To date, only 7 patients with MG have been reported to have nocardiosis. Disseminated nocardiosis with ocular involvement has not been reported in MG patients.
Case presentation
A 66-year-old man with MG who was receiving treatment with methylprednisolone and azathioprine was found to have a respiratory infection. He also had heterogeneous symptoms with skin, brain and ocular manifestations. Nocardia bacteria verified by the culture of puncture fluid, and a diagnosis of disseminated nocardiosis was made. Except for left eye blindness, the patient completely recovered from the disease with combination antibiotic therapy. To further understand nocardiosis in patients with MG, we reviewed the previous relevant literature. According to the literature, this is the first report of disseminated nocardiosis with ocular involvement in an MG patient.
Conclusions
MG patients with immunosuppressant treatments are potentially at risk of a rare nocardia infection, and a favourable prognosis can be achieved through early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy.
The necessity of Ⅱb dissection in T1–T2N0M0 oral squamous cell carcinoma: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Liang , Song Xuefei , Cui Chang , Ma Chunyue , Guo Bing , Qin Xingjun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: There is growing discussion of the relationship between health¬–related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient survival, which has been going on for the last few decades. Clinicians´ greatest wish is to extend the latter while improving the former. After neck dissection of early–stage oral carcinoma, “shoulder syndrome” appears due to traction of the accessory nerve during removal of level Ⅱb, which greatly affects patient quality of life. Since occult metastasis in level Ⅱb of early–stage oral carcinoma is extremely low, some surgeons suggest that level Ⅱb can be exempt from dissection to improve HRQoL. However, other surgeons take the opposite view, and thus there is no consensus on the necessity of Ⅱb dissection in T1–2N0M0 oral squamous¬ cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: We designed a parallel–group, randomized, non–inferiority trial that is supported by Shanghai Ninth People´s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. We will enroll 522 patients of early oral carcinoma who match the inclusion criteria, and compare differences in 3–year overall survival, progression–free survival (PFS) and in HRQoL under different interventions (retention or dissection of level Ⅱb) between two groups. The primary end points will be tested by means of two-sided log-rank tests. Analysis of overall and progression–free survival will be performed in subgroups that were defined according to stratification factors with the use of univariate Cox analysis. In addition, we will use post hoc subgroup analyses on the basis of histological factors that were known to have effects on survival, such as death of invasion of the primary tumor. To evaluate HRQoL, we will choose the Constant–Murley scale to measure shoulder function. Discussion: Currently, there are no RCTs with large sample sizes on the necessity of IIb dissection in T1–T2N0M0 OSCC. We designed this reasonable non–inferiority RCT that combines survival rate and HRQoL to assess the feasibility of IIb neck dissection. The result of this trial may guide clinical practice and change the criteria of how early–stage oral cancer is managed. The balance between survival and HRQoL in this trial is based on early-stage breast cancer treatment and may provide new ideas for other malignancies.
Software para el diagnóstico de Stock acumulado de Capital Social en el contexto empresarial. Una alternativa al desarrollo empresarial
Authors: García Monsalve Luz Stella , Cabrera Jiménez Manuel Fernando 
Published: October 2019

La participación en redes, es una alternativa para generar mayor competitividad en el contexto empresarial, es así que el desarrollo de capital social basado en el reconocimiento de valores sociales se convierte en un insumo necesario para fomentar la cohesión al interior de las organizaciones. El capital socialcomo un bien inmaterial de una comunidad o conglomerado, se basa en el reconocimiento de la estructura social, la cual a partir de la asociatividad produce beneficios públicos y privados. El estructuralismo como fundamento epistemológico del capital social permite identificar desde la sociología los elementos que legitimiza a las redes para existir; sin embargo, no se puede afirmar que el capital social se limita a las redes únicamente, ya que involucra una dimensión cognitiva intangible de valores sociales tales como la confianza y la reciprocidad. Para el caso de este proyecto se está trabajando en la creación de una herramienta que permita plantear estrategias de fortalecimiento del capital social al interior de las organizaciones a partir del reconocimiento de las dimensiones cognitiva y estructural, con el propósito de generar interacción con otras organizaciones y así mismo fortalecer la asociatividad. En este sentido, se propone un software que permita medir la capacidad de generación de capital social al interior de cada organización. El desarrollo del software se realizará y finalmente se implementará en medianas empresas, se tomará como base una metodología que se basa en el proceso del ciclo de vida de un sistema de información.
On the Relation between Insider Trading and Going Concern Opinions
Authors: Hallman Nicholas , Imdieke Andrew J. , Kim Kyonghee , Pereira Raynolde 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARY
Recent research suggests that insiders of distressed firms, fearing legal jeopardy, pressure auditors not to issue going concern opinions (GCOs) for periods in which they undertake abnormally large sales of their shares. We propose and evaluate an alternative explanation that managers anticipate GCOs and time their trades to avoid insider sales in the GCO year (hereafter, the timing hypothesis). Consistent with the timing hypothesis, we find that insider sales increase two to four years prior to the issuance of a GCO and then decline in the year of GCO. Additional analysis suggests that insiders' anticipatory trading is enabled, at least in part, by early communication between auditors and their most important clients regarding the likelihood of a GCO. These early communications appear to reduce the likelihood of dismissal when auditors do eventually issue a GCO.
MANAJEMEN PEMBINAAN OLAHRAGA USIA DINI SEKOLAH SEPAKBOLA (SSB) GADJAH MADA (GAMA) YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Susanto Nugroho , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Syafrianto Donal 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the management of Gajah Mada Football School (SSA) Yogyakarta early childhood sports training. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study, data collection by interview, observation and documentation study. Subjects in this study include: SSB student members (3 people), trainers (3 people), administrators (3 people) and athlete's parents (3 people) SSB GAMA Yogyakarta.
The results showed that the GAMA football school which was used as a place to collect management data for early childhood sports training at a football school was well managed. Early childhood sports development at the Gama Yogyakarta soccer school has implemented five management functions in sports. The five management functions include planning, organizing, actuating, controlling and budgeting. The results of this study are expected to bring many changes in various ways, both from the community and the environment, especially those relating to the management problems of early age sports coaching that is in giving attention and handling to early childhood sports coaching, it is expected that other sports branches can develop early age sports coaching in accordance with sport management principles
Government social spending in the EU countries: efficiency in poverty and income inequality reduction
Authors: Cyrek Magdalena 
Published: October 2019

Research background: Income inequality and poverty attract a lot of attention among politicians, activists as well as scientists, who are trying to find a solution to these socio-economic problems. State intervention is commonly expected in this field, however, there is no agreement about the most efficient methods and instruments, as well as about the scale of public expenditure for the purpose of limiting poverty and inequality.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to specify efficiency of government social spending in reducing problems of poverty and income inequality in the EU countries. Moreover, the attention is paid to changes in the efficiency in a period of the 2007 crisis occurrence and its overcoming and to sources of the changes.
Methods: To fulfill the main goal of the paper, the DEA method is used, which enables to compare the social efficiency of the EU countries. The Malmquist index is also calculated and decomposed to identify changes in the efficiency and their sources in the crisis period. Data used in the analyses were obtained from Eurostat and OECD databases and cover the period from 2007 to 2016 year.
Findings & Value added: The main findings of the paper shed some light on the differences in social efficiency of government spending in the EU countries. Generally, the countries with a higher level of social spending are also those with lower efficiency in inequality reduction, however, the relationship doesn?t appear for poverty alleviation. Thus, the research suggests some substitution between the scale and the efficiency of social spending, at least for the inequality dimension. Moreover, some differences in a social model can be found between the countries of the South and of the North: the countries of the South focus their social policy mainly on inequality reduction, while the Scandinavian countries as well as some other affluent societies direct their public support mainly on poverty alleviation. The research also shows that in the crisis period decreases in efficiency concerned mainly the poverty dimension. It reflects the fact that the poor were the losers of the crisis in favor of the middle classes. The efficiency losses were induced by negative changes in the current usage of public sources, while institutional reforms positively influenced the efficiency.
Succession as a sustainability factor of family business in Slovakia
Authors: Lušňáková Zuzana , Juríčková Zuzana , Šajbidorová Mária , Lenčéšová Silvia 
Published: October 2019

Research background: The success of family businesses abroad is not measured by profit, but is judged by the number of generations that have successfully mastered the succession process. This is why family businesses in Slovakia should also focus on long-term existence. Succession in a family business must be prepared with sufficient time in advance, as this is one of the most risky moments of its future.
Purpose of the article: Successful management of the succession process in family businesses requires several years of preparation in different areas. The aim of this paper is to assess the readiness of Slovak family companies to owner generational change in application of selected factors in ensuring the smooth transmission of family businesses to the younger generation.
Methods: The method of research was a questionnaire based on a 5-degree Likert scale, where the respondents expressed the degree of their agreement or disagreement with the particular statement. The questionnaire was filled by sample of 412 respondents ? 206 family business owners and their 206 successors (son/ daughter). The statistical relations and correlations between variables were performed by Cronbach alpha, Spearman test, Kruskal-Walis test using EXCEL and SAS Enterprise Guide 7.1. programs.
Findings & Value added: Slovak family companies have already passed or they are in the process of preparing or implementing the first generational change. We cannot be compared yet with family companies in Germany, USA or the Nether-lands because these firms are in the process of the fourth generation change in the ownership. The added value of this paper is the identification of deficiencies and reserves that prolong or expel the process of successful company transfer to a young generation. It is related to human capital ? the professional competence of the successor and the willingness of the founder to leave, the absence of important business documents, or the effort to cope with the process itself.
Marketing Public Relation Peremajaan Merek sebagai Strategi Pemasaran dalam Membangun Citra Produk Baru
Authors: Puspita Irene Melia 
Published: October 2019

Citra merek mengambil peran penting dalam tujuan bisnis. Dua tahun lalu, pioneer frozen yogurt di Indonesia, Sour Sally, melakukan peremajaan merek (rejuvenation) untuk membangun citra baru Sour Sally. Hal ini karena Citra feminisme menjadi kendala bagi Sour Sally dalam memasarkan produk. Marketing Public Relations memiliki peran penting untuk membangun citra Sour Sally yang baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat dan Citra. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, studi kepustakaan, sedangkan data sekunder diperileh dari internet. Penelitian ini membahas Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat menurut Kotler Keller. Divisi komunikasi pemasaran menggunakan alat-alat Pemasaran Hubungan Masyarakat seperti publikasi, acara, sponsor, berita, pidato, kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat, dan media identitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: publikasi digital, media social, dan penyelenggaraan acara, paling sering digunakan untuk berkomunikasi membangun citra Sour Sally yang baru.
METODE PEMBELAJARAN MULTISENSORI VAKT SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA LANCAR SISWA KELAS II
Authors: Basam Fajri , Sulfasyah Sulfasyah 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca lancar melalui metode multisensori VAKT (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Tactile) pada siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus yang terdiri atas empat komponen utama: 1) Perencanaan, 2) Pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) Observasi, dan 4) Refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas II sebanyak 49 orang siswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan analisis data kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata hasil tes membaca lancar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 59.32 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 77.64 dari skor maksimal 100. Sebesar 81.63% siswa telah mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) pada siklus kedua. Hal ini menunjukkan indikator yang ditetapkan yaitu sebesar 80% siswa mencapai KKM telah tercapai. Dengan demikian metode pembelajaran multisensori VAKT dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca lancar siswa kelas II.This study is a classroom action research that aims to improve the ability to read fluently through VAKT multisensory method (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Tactile) in grade II elementary school students. The research was conducted in two cycles consisting of four main components, namely: 1) Planning, 2) Implementation of action, 3) Observation, and 4) Reflection. The subjects of the study were the second grade students of 49 students. Data collection using test and observation, while data analysis used is with descriptive quantitative data analysis. The results showed the average of the results of students' reading tests on the first cycle of 59.32 has increased by 77.64 from a maximum score of 100. A total of 81.63% of students have achieved minimal mastery criteria (KKM) in the second cycle. This indicates that the indicator set by 80% of students reaching KKM has been achieved. Thus VAKT multisensory learning method can improve the ability to read fluently grade II students. This study is a classroom action research that aims to improve the ability to read fluently through VAKT multisensory method (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Tactile) in grade II elementary school students. The research was conducted in two cycles consisting of four main components, namely: 1) Planning, 2) Implementation of action, 3) Observation, and 4) Reflection. The subjects of the study were the second grade students of 49 students. Data collection using test and observation, while data analysis used is with descriptive quantitative data analysis. The results showed the average of the results of students' reading tests on the first cycle of 59.32 has increased by 77.64 from a maximum score of 100. A total of 81.63% of students have achieved minimal mastery criteria (KKM) in the second cycle. This indicates that the indicator set by 80% of students reaching KKM has been achieved. Thus VAKT multisensory learning method can improve the ability to read fluently grade II students.