bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik reproduksi ikan sidat Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844 yang diinduksi GNRH-analog
Authors: Rachmawati Farida Nur , Susilo Untung , Muslih Muslih 
Published: January 2019

Eel, Anguilla bicolor McClelland was hard to mature in captivity, due to low levels of pituitary gonadotropin. In order to stimulate gonadal maturation in captivity, exogenous gonadotropin is needed. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of GnRH-analog induction on gonadal maturation of tropical eel base on the value of the eye index, gonado-somatic index, and estradiol levels. The study was carried out experimentally with a completely randomized design with three treatments and eight replications. The treatments were the induction of hormone GnRH-analogues with doses of 0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 ml kg-1 body weight. Eel with an average total length of 67 cm and an average weight of 500 g were injected with different doses of GnRH-analog (0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 ml kg-1 body weight), kept in the fiberglass aquarium for two months. The eels were fed with discard fish daily in ad libitum at 16.00 pm. The observed variables were eye index, Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), and estradiol levels. The results showed that injection of three different doses of GnRH-analog did not affect on the increasing of GSI, eye index (P> 0.05), and estradiol (P <0.05). Induction of GnRH-analog of 0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 ml kg-1 body weight can not stimulate the gonadal maturity of tropical eel. AbstrakIkan sidat Anguilla bicolor McClelland sulit matang gonad dalam kondisi budi daya, karena rendahnya kadar gonado-tropin pituitari. Oleh karena itu untuk memacu pematangan gonad ikan sidat dalam kondisi budi daya perlu ditambah-kan gonadotropin secara eksogen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh induksi GnRH-analog terhadap pe-matangan gonad ikan sidat berdasarkan perubahan nilai indeks mata, indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan kadar estradiol. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan delapan ulangan. Perlakuan percobaan terdiri atas induksi hormon GnRH-analog dengan dosis 0,0; 0,5 dan 1,0 ml kg-1 bobot badan. Ikan sidat dengan rata-rata ukuran panjang 67 cm dan rata-rata bobot 500 g sebanyak 18 ekor yang telah diinduksi dengan berbagai dosis GnRH analog (0, 0,5 dan 1 ml kg-1 bobot badan) dipelihara dalam akuarium fiberglass selama dua bulan. Pakan berupa ikan rucah diberikan satu kali sehari pada pukul 16.00 secara ad libitum. Variabel yang diamati adalah indeks mata, IKG, dan kadar estradiol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi hormon GnRH-analog tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan nilai indeks mata, nilai IKG (p>0,05), dan kadar estradiol ikan sidat (p<0,05). Induksi hormon GnRH-analog dengan dosis 0,5 dan 1 ml kg-1 bobot badan tidak efektif memacu pematangan gonad ikan sidat.
Jenis, performa, dan nisbah kelamin ikan hiu yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Cilacap
Authors: Bhagawati Dian , Nurani Tri , Abulias Muh. Nadjmi 
Published: January 2019

Shark fisheries in Indonesia are still relying on the natural catch. Several shark species are important fisheries commo-dities and are highly collected. Although there are several rules to control catch, usage, and conservation status, in practice, fishermen are less submissive. This study was conducted to obtain information about species diversity, per-formance, and sex ratio of sharks which were found in Cilacap Port in October to November 2015. The method used was purposive random sampling technique. Samples were taken four times with two weeks interval for each observation. The parameters were species number, total body length, body weight, morphometry and sex. Data were analyzed descriptively. Thirty six sharks were recorded during the sampling which consisted of 14 species. Among 36 individuals, 7 individuals were juveniles, 3 individuals were adolescence, and 26 individuals were adults. Alopias superciliosus (321 cm) was the longest species, while the shortest was Sphyrna lewini (59 cm); Isurus oxyrinchus was the heaviest (100 kg) species and the lightest species was Carcharhinus falciformis (1 kg). In general, female fish were obtained more than the males. AbstrakProduksi ikan hiu di Indonesia masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan dari alam. Meskipun sudah terdapat beberapa per-aturan yang mengatur tentang penangkapan, pemanfaatan dan status perlindungannya, namun dalam prakteknya kurang dipatuhi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang keragaman spesies, performa, dan nisbah kela-min ikan hiu yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Cilacap pada periode Oktober sampai dengan November 2015. Sampel dipilih dengan persyaratan tertentu dan identifikasi dengan teknik photo ID (Photo-Identiûcation). Para-meter yang diamati adalah jumlah jenis, panjang total, bobot tubuh, morfometrik, dan jenis kelamin. Data yang diper-oleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Selama pengambilan sampel diperoleh 36 ekor ikan hiu, yang terdiri atas 14 jenis, dan tergolong yuwana sebanyak 7 ekor, 3 remaja, dan 26 dewasa. Ikan yang tertangkap dan memiliki ukuran tubuh terpan-jang adalah Alopias superciliosus (321cm), terpendek Sphyrna lewini (59cm); terberat Isurus oxyrinchus (100kg) dan teringan adalah Carcharhinus falciformis (1kg). Secara umum ikan betina lebih banyak tertangkap daripada ikan jantan.
Biologi reproduksi ikan kembung lelaki, Rastreliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) di perairan pesisir Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Kasmi Mauli , Hadi Syamsul , Kantun Wayan 
Published: January 2019

The objective of this research is to observe reproductive biology of Indian mackerel in Takalar coastal waters through gonad maturity development, the first size of mature gonad, spawning, gonado somatic index (GSI), and fecundity. Sampling was done for eight months started from March to October 2015. Gonad maturity stage was observed morphologically, spawning season focusing on direct observation result toward gonad by identifying Indian mackerel which has spawned.GSI was analyzed based on comparison between gonad weight and Indian mackerel weight while fecundity was observed by gravimetric method. Analysis result shows that Indian mackerel gonad maturity throughout the year with peak occurring in July and August. GSI was around 0,928-4,490. The first size of gonad mature of female Indian mackerel is 21,18 cm and male Indian mackerel is 21,31 cm. Spawning occurs after peak of gonad maturity so next month, value of maturity index decreases slowly and gradually. Indian mackerel has total fecundity around 11.235- 40.878 granule. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati biologi reproduksi ikan kembung lelaki di perairan pesisir Takalar melalui perkembangan kematangan gonad, ukuran pertama matang gonad, musim pemijahan, indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan fekunditas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan selama delapan bulan mulai Maret sampai Oktober 2015. Perkembang-an kematangan gonad diamati secara morfologi. Musim pemijahan mengacu pada hasil pengamatan langsung terhadap gonad dengan mendata ikan kembung lelaki yang telah memijah. IKG dianalisis berdasarkan perbandingan antara bobot gonad dan bobot tubuh ikan kembung lelaki, sedangkan fekunditas dihitung dengan metode gravimetrik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ikan kembung lelaki mengalami kematangan gonad sepanjang tahun dengan puncak terjadi pada bulan Juli dan Agustus. IKG berkisar 0,928-4,490. Ukuran ikan kembung lelaki betina kali pertama matang gonad adalah 21,18 cm dan jantan adalah 21,31 cm. Pemijahan terjadi setelah puncak kematangan gonad sehingga pada bulan berikutnya terjadi penurunan nilai indeks kematangan secara perlahan dan bertahap. Ikan kembung lelaki memiliki fekunditas total berkisar 11.235-40.878 butir.
Perbaikan performa reproduksi ikan komet (Carassius auratus auratus Linnaeus 1758) melalui pemberian tepung otak sapi sebagai GnRH alami
Authors: Subhan Ujang , Andriani Yuli , Haetami Kiki , Rosidah Rosidah , Abdillah Abi Muhamad 
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to determine the effect of brain flour cow’s on feed in the performance of eggs and fecundity in fish comet. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran at November 2014 until January 2015. Freeze-drying of bovine brains was conducted at the Inter Research Center Uni-versity(PAU), Bandung Institute of Technology. The research was using Completely Randomized Design con-sisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatment were 20 mg kg-1, 35 mg kg-1, 50 mg kg-1 and control. Parameters observed were the distribution of the eggs, egg diameter and fecundity using gravimetric methods. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. If there are differences among the treatments then continued with Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level. Addition of bovine brain meal in feed with dose of 50 mg kg-1 was give a dominant influence on the size distribution of eggs by 60% from 1.01 to 1.5 mm, egg diameter 0.90 mm, and fecundity of 67 grains g-1. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis tepung otak sapi pada pakan yang berpengaruh terhadap performa telur dan fekunditas ikan komet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di panti benih Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Univer-sitas Padjadjaran pada bulan November 2014 sampai dengan Januari 2015. Pengeringan beku otak sapi dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian AntarUniversitas Institut Teknologi Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental de-ngan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu 20 mg kg-1 induk, 35 mg kg-1 induk, 50 mg kg-1 induk dan perlakuan kontrol. Parameter yang diamati yaitu sebaran telur, diameter telur, dan fekunditas relatif menggunakan metode gravimetrik. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman dengan uji F untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari setiap perlakuan. Apabila terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf 5%. Penambahan tepung otak sapi pada pakan sebanyak 50 mg kg-1 induk memberikan pengaruh dominan sebaran telur pada ukuran 1,01-1,5 mm sebesar 60%, diameter telur 0,90 mm, dan fe-kunditas relatif sebesar 67 butir g-1.
Pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi madidihang, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) di Samudra Hindia Bagian Timur
Authors: Nugroho Suciadi Catur , Jatmiko Irwan , Wujdi Arief 
Published: January 2019

Yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) is one of the important economically for tuna species that spread in Indonesian waters, including in WPP 572 (Indian Ocean west coast of Sumatra). One important aspect relating to sustainable utilization is the growth pattern and the condition factor. This study aims to examine growth patterns and factor conditions of yellowfin tuna in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The number of fish samples measured in length and weight is 7,550 with length range from 76-176 cm (average: 129.03 cm) and mode at 150 cm. The length weight relationship of the species is W=4x10-5L2.842 (R2 0,957). In general the growth pattern of yellowfin tuna is negative allometric which means that the length increase is faster than the weight. The average relative condition factor of yellowfin tuna is 0.975 with a tendency to decrease along with the increasing of its length. The highest relative condition factor occurred at the length class of 80 cm with 1,061 and the lowest occurred at length 170 cm with 0.918. The monthly relative condition factor generally increased twice in one year from February to June and from July to December. AbstrakTuna madidihang, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre,1788), merupakan salah satu spesies tuna ekonomis penting dan ter-sebar di perairan Indonesia, termasuk di WPP 572 (Samudra Hindia bagian barat Sumatera). Salah satu aspek penting yang berkaitan dengan upaya pemanfaatan berkelanjutan adalah pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi ikan madidihang di Samudra Hindia Bagian Timur. Jumlah ikan contoh yang diukur panjang dan bobotnya adalah 7.550 ekor yang mempunyai sebaran panjang 76-176 cm (rata-rata 129,03 cm) dan modus 150 cm. Hubungan panjang bobot ikan tersebut adalah W = 4x10-5L2,842 (R2 0,957). Secara umum pola pertumbuhan madidihang bersifat allometrik negatif yang berarti bahwa pertambahan panjang lebih cepat daripada bobotnya. Faktor kondisi relatif rata-rata madidihang adalah 0,975 dengan kecenderungan menurun seiring bertambahnya ukuran panjang. Faktor kondisi relatif tertinggi terjadi pada kelas panjang 80 cm sebesar 1,061 dan terendah terjadi pada kelas panjang 170 cm sebesar 0,918. Faktor kondisi relatif bulanan secara umum mengalami dua kali peningkatan dalam satu tahun yaitu dari bulan Februari hingga Juni dan dari Bulan Juli hingga Desember.
Makanan dan strategi pola makan ikan kuniran Upeneus sulphureus, Cuvier (1829) di perairan Teluk Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Asriyana Asriyana , Irawati Nur 
Published: January 2019

Knowledge of food and feeding strategies are essential to understand the ecological role and productive capacity of fish populations. This information is critical for development of conservation and management plans of fishery resources. This study aimed to analyze the food and feeding strategy of sunrise goatfish in Kendari bay. Sampling was done monthly from May to November 2016, with bottom experimental gillnets with mesh size ¾, 1, 1 ¼, and 1 ½ inches. The food habits was analyzed using index of preponderance; while feeding strategy was determined by Amundsen modified Costello method. There were 386 fish with total length and weight ranged from 46.0-176.0 mm and 3.0-67.1 g, res-pectively. The fish were categorized into 3 groups based on the length sizes. The length sizes were classified into small size (45.0-69.7 mm), medium size (69.8-94.3 mm) and large size (94.4-119.0 mm). Twenty eight species of organisms were found in the digestive system of the sunrise goatfish dominated by the phytoplankton genus Thallasiothrix. The sunrise goatfish has significant dietary changes with increasing total length and time. The sunrise goatfish developed mix feeding strategies; specialist and generalist. Generalist strategy developed for all prey, except Thallasiothrix obtained by spesialist strategy. AbstrakPengetahuan tentang makanan dan strategi pola makan adalah penting untuk memahami peran ekologi dan kapasitas produktif populasi ikan. Informasi tersebut sangat penting untuk pengembangan rencana konservasi dan pengelolaan sumber daya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makanan dan strategi pola makan ikan kuniran di per-airan Teluk Kendari. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan sekali sebulan dari bulan bulan Mei sampai November 2016, de-ngan jaring insang eksperimental berukuran mata jaring ¾, 1, 1 ¼, dan 1 ½ inci. Kebiasaan makanan dianalisis meng-gunakan metode indeks bagian terbesar, sedangkan strategi pola makan ditentukan melalui metode Costello yang dim-odifikasi oleh Amundsen. Jumlah ikan yang terkumpul sebanyak 386 ekor dengan kisaran panjang total 46,0–176,0 mm dan kisaran bobot 3,0–67,1 g. Ikan dikelompokkan kedalam tiga kelompok ukuran yaitu ukuran kecil (46,0–90,0 mm), sedang (91,0–134,0 mm), dan ukuran besar (135,0–176,0 mm). Ditemukan 28 jenis organisme makanan dalam saluran pencernaan ikan kuniran. Menu makanan didominasi oleh kelompok fitoplankton genus Thallasiothrix. Ikan kuniran mengalami perubahan makanan yang signifikan sejalan dengan bertambahnya ukuran panjang tubuh dan waktu. Dalam memanfaatkan makanan di perairan, kuniran umumnya mengembangkan strategi pola makan campuran antara generalis dan spesialis. Strategi pola makan generalis dikembangkan untuk memperoleh semua jenis mangsa, kecuali mangsa Thallasiothrix diperoleh dengan strategi pola makan spesialis.
Komposisi dan luas relung makanan ikan belanak Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) dan Moolgarda engeli (Bleeker, 1858) di Teluk Pabean, Kabupaten Indramayu, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Al Ghiffary Gusti Abi Abi Dzar , Rahardjo M. F. , Zahid Ahmad , Simanjuntak Charles P. H. , Asriansyah Aries , Aditriawan Reiza Maulana 
Published: January 2019

The aims of this research was to identify the diet and composition item as well as niche breadth and niche overlap of mullet in Pabean Bay. Fish sampling was carried out from July to December 2016 using trap nets and gill nets. Data analysis including preponderance index, niche breadth, and niche overlap. Chelon subviridis and Moolgarda engeli are two species of mullet that much found in Pabean Bay. The size of body length C. subviridis observed on ranged of 73,34-185,72 mm with a weight of 8,23-115,50 g and M. engeli ranged of 67,51-160,00 mm with a weight of 6,91-96,70 g. Food menu of mullet consists of three groups, namely perifiton, larvae of marine organism, and detritus. Perifiton from Bacillariophyceae was a main diet, particularly Pleurosigma (35,81) in C. subviridis and Nitzschia (27,89) in M. engeli. Changed in composition of each item of diet occurred on any length size group during the observation. C. subviridis and M. engeli have a wide niche breadth with the value were 5,995 and 5,780. Niche breadth of each length group was different. Information on niche breadth indicated the adaptation of mullet to against the availability of diet in the water. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan komposisi serta luas dan tumpang tindih relung makanan ikan belanak di Teluk Pabean. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan pada Juli hingga Desember 2016 dengan menggu-nakan alat tangkap sero dan jaring insang. Analisis data meliputi indeks bagian terbesar serta luas dan tumpang tindih relung makanan. Dua jenis ikan belanak, Chelon subviridis dan Moolgarda engeli, merupakan spesies yang banyak ditemukan di Teluk Pabean. Ukuran panjang tubuh C. subviridis yang diamati berkisar 73,34-185,72 mm dengan bobot 8,23-115,50 g dan panjang tubuh M. engeli berkisar 67,51-160,00 mm dengan bobot 6,91-96,70 g. Menu ma-kanan ikan belanak terdiri atas tiga kelompok besar, yaitu perifiton, larva organisme, dan detritus. Perifiton dari kelas Bacillariophyceae menjadi kelompok makanan yang banyak dimanfaatkan, khususnya Pleurosigma (35,81) oleh C. subviridis dan Nitzschia (27,89) oleh M. engeli. Perubahan komposisi jenis makanan terjadi pada setiap kelompok ukuran ikan. C. subviridis dan M. engeli memiliki relung makanan yang luas dengan nilai luas relung berturut-turut 5,995 dan 5,780. Luas relung makanan pada setiap kelompok ukuran ikan berbeda. Informasi mengenai luas relung makanan dapat menunjukkan adaptasi ikan belanak terhadap ketersediaan makanan di perairan.
Profil hormon FSH, LH dan estradiol serta kadar glukosa darah sidat, Anguilla bicolor bicolor (Mc Clelland, 1844) yang dirangsang hormon HCG, MT, E2 dan anti dopamin
Authors: Zahri Abdul , Sudrajat Agus Oman , Junior Muhammad Zairin 
Published: January 2019

This study aims to analyze the hormone profile of FSH, LH and E2 to the eel after exogenous hormone stimulation and blood glucose levels. Six formulated treatment applied with combination of dopamine antagonize 10 mg.mL–1 (A), estradiol (E2) 3 mg.mL–1 + A (EA), metyltestosteron (MT) 3 mg.mL–1 + A (MTA), hCG 2 mg.mL–1 + EA (hEA) and hCG 2 mg.mL–1 + MTA (hMTA), with (F) physiologis 0.9% NaCl to control. Six group eel (200±15g) reared in a concrete tank with a capacity of 3,400 liters and filled with sea water of 35 mg L–1 as much as 2000 liters. Eels injected 1 mL.kg–1 hormone by intramusculary, were feed to apparent satiation daily for 10 weeks. The study used Completely Randomized Design with one treatment factor, namely hormonal factor and its combination. Fish blood that ware directly concentration to FSH, LH and E2, the enhanced significantly high in the blood plasma on treatment hMTA and hEA P<0.05. Glucose concentration in the blood palsma is high enough in a row on a formula hMTA 67.33 mg.dL–1 and significantly different to P<0.05. The result indicates that induction of exogenous hormone (hMTA) improve FSH, LH and E2. FSH and LH profiles show permutation patterns during the development of eel gonad, beginning with the increase of FSH in the early phases of gonadal development. LH profile moves in line with the increase in E2 during gonadal maturation process eels (A. bicolor bicolor), with blood glucose levels in the normal range. AbstrakThis study aims to analyze the hormone profile of FSH, LH and E2 to the eel after exogenous hormone stimulation and blood glucose levels. Six formulated treatment applied with combination of dopamine antagonize 10 mg.mL–1 (A), estradiol (E2) 3 mg.mL–1 + A (EA), metyltestosteron (MT) 3 mg.mL–1 + A (MTA), hCG 2 mg.mL–1 + EA (hEA) and hCG 2 mg.mL–1 + MTA (hMTA), with (F) physiologis 0.9% NaCl to control. Six group eel (200±15g) reared in a concrete tank with a capacity of 3,400 liters and filled with sea water of 35 mg L–1 as much as 2000 liters. Eels injected 1 mL.kg–1 hormone by intramusculary, were feed to apparent satiation daily for 10 weeks. The study used Completely Randomized Design with one treatment factor, namely hormonal factor and its combination. Fish blood that ware directly concentration to FSH, LH and E2, the enhanced significantly high in the blood plasma on treatment hMTA and hEA P<0.05. Glucose concentration in the blood palsma is high enough in a row on a formula hMTA 67.33 mg.dL–1 and significantly different to P<0.05. The result indicates that induction of exogenous hormone (hMTA) improve FSH, LH and E2. FSH and LH profiles show permutation patterns during the development of eel gonad, beginning with the increase of FSH in the early phases of gonadal development. LH profile moves in line with the increase in E2 during gonadal maturation process eels (A. bicolor bicolor), with blood glucose levels in the normal range.
Geometrical optimisation of core–shell nanowire arrays for enhanced absorption in thin crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Vismara Robin , Isabella Olindo , Ingenito Andrea , Si Fai Tong , Zeman Miro 
Published: January 2019

Background: Elongated nanostructures, such as nanowires, have attracted significant attention for application in silicon-based solar cells. The high aspect ratio and characteristic radial junction configuration can lead to higher device performance, by increasing light absorption and, at the same time, improving the collection efficiency of photo-generated charge carriers. This work investigates the performance of ultra-thin solar cells characterised by nanowire arrays on a crystalline silicon bulk.Results: Proof-of-concept devices on a p-type mono-crystalline silicon wafer were manufactured and compared to flat references, showing improved absorption of light, while the final 11.8% (best-device) efficiency was hindered by sub-optimal passivation of the nanowire array. A modelling analysis of the optical performance of the proposed solar cell architecture was also carried out. Results showed that nanowires act as resonators, amplifying interference resonances and exciting additional wave-guided modes. The optimisation of the array geometrical dimensions highlighted a strong dependence of absorption on the nanowire cross section, a weaker effect of the nanowire height and good resilience for angles of incidence of light up to 60°.Conclusion: The presence of a nanowire array increases the optical performance of ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells in a wide range of illumination conditions, by exciting resonances inside the absorber layer. However, passivation of nanowires is critical to further improve the efficiency of such devices.