bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community health worker-delivered counselling for common mental disorders among chronic disease patients in South Africa: a feasibility study
Authors: Myers Bronwyn , Petersen-Williams Petal , van der Westhuizen Claire , Lund Crick , Lombard Carl , Joska John A , Levitt Naomi S , Butler Christopher , Naledi Tracey , Milligan Peter , Stein Dan J , Sorsdahl Katherine 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo examine the feasibility and acceptability of integrating a ‘designated’ approach to community health worker (CHW)-delivered mental health counselling (where existing CHWs deliver counselling in addition to usual duties) and a ‘dedicated’ approach (where additional CHWs have the sole responsibility of delivering mental health counselling) into chronic disease care.DesignA feasibility test of a designated and dedicated approach to CHW-delivered counselling and qualitative interviews of CHWs delivering the counselling.SettingFour primary healthcare clinics in the Western Cape, South Africa allocated to either a designated or dedicated approach and stratified by urban/rural status.ParticipantsForty chronic disease patients (20 with HIV, 20 with diabetes) reporting hazardous alcohol use or depression. Interviews with seven CHWs.InterventionThree sessions of structured mental health counselling.Main outcome measuresWe assessed feasibility by examining the proportion of patients who were willing to be screened, met inclusion criteria, provided consent, completed counselling and were retained in the study. Acceptability of these delivery approaches was assessed through qualitative interviews of CHWs.ResultsRegardless of approach, a fair proportion (67%) of eligible patients were willing to receive mental health counselling. Patients who screened positive for depression were more likely to be interested in counselling than those with hazardous alcohol only. Retention in counselling (85%) and the study (90%) was good and did not differ by approach. Both dedicated and designated CHWs viewed the counselling package as highly acceptable but requested additional training and support to facilitate implementation.ConclusionsDedicated and designated approaches to CHW-delivered mental health counselling were matched in terms of their feasibility and acceptability. A comparative efficacy trial of these approaches is justified, with some adjustments to the training and implementation protocols to provide further support to CHWs.
Study protocol for a quasi-experimental claims-based study evaluating 10-year results of the population-based integrated healthcare model ‘Gesundes Kinzigtal’ (Healthy Kinzigtal): the INTEGRAL study
Authors: Schubert Ingrid , Siegel Achim , Graf Erika , Farin-Glattacker Erik , Ihle Peter , Köster Ingrid , Stelzer Dominikus , Mehl Claudia , Schmitz Jutta , Dröge Patrik , Günster Christian , Klöss Andreas , Vach Werner , Geraedts Max 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionPatients often experience interface problems when treated by different specialists and in different healthcare sectors. Integrated care concepts aim to reduce these problems. While most integrated healthcare models focus on individual diseases, the integrated care model ‘Gesundes Kinzigtal’ applies a population-based approach and addresses the full spectrum of morbidities for a population defined by area of residence—the Kinzigtal. A special feature of the model is the joint savings contract between the regional management company and the statutory health insurers. The INTEGRAL study aims at assessing the effectiveness of ‘Gesundes Kinzigtal’ under routine conditions in comparison to conventional care over a period of 10 years in order to understand the benefits but also the potential for (unintended) harms.Methods and analysisDatabaseClaims data from statutory health insurance funds 2005–2015. The evaluation consists of a quasi-experimental study, with Kinzigtal as intervention region, at least 10 further regions with a similar population and healthcare infrastructure as primary controls and an additional random sample of insurees from the federal state of Baden-Württemberg as secondary controls. Model-specific and ‘non-specific’ indicators adopted from the literature and enriched by focus group interviews will be used to evaluate the model’s effectiveness and potential unintended consequences by analysing healthcare utilisation in general. Temporal trends per indicator in the intervention region will be compared with those in each control region. The overall variation in trends for the indicators across all regions provides information about the potential to modify an indicator due to local differences in the healthcare system.Ethics and disseminationEthic Commission of the Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg (ek_mr_geraedts_131117). Results will be discussed in workshops, submitted for publication in peer-review journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00012804.
Evaluating the impact of a community-based social prescribing intervention on people with type 2 diabetes in North East England: mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Moffatt Suzanne , Wildman John , Pollard Tessa M , Penn Linda , O’Brien Nicola , Pearce Mark S , Wildman Josephine M 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionSocial prescribing enables healthcare professionals to use voluntary and community sector resources to improve support for people with long-term conditions. It is widely promoted in the UK as a way to address complex health, psychological and social issues presented in primary care, yet there is insufficient evidence of effectiveness or value for money. This study aims to evaluate the impact and costs of a link-worker social prescribing intervention on the health and healthcare use of adults aged 40–74 with type 2 diabetes, living in a multi-ethnic area of high socioeconomic deprivation.Methods and analysisMixed-methods approach combining (1) quantitative quasi-experimental methods to evaluate the effects of social prescribing on health and healthcare use and cost-effectiveness analysis and (2) qualitative ethnographic methods to observe how patients engage with social prescribing. Quantitative data comprise Secondary Uses Service data and Quality Outcomes Framework data. The primary outcome is glycated haemoglobin, and secondary outcomes are secondary care use, systolic blood pressure, weight/body mass index, cholesterol and smoking status; these data will be analysed longitudinally over 3 years using four different control conditions to estimate a range of treatment effects. The ranges where the intervention is cost-effective will be identified from the perspective of the healthcare provider. Qualitative data comprise participant observation and interviews with purposively sampled service users, and focus groups with link-workers (intervention providers). Analysis will involve identification of themes and synthesising and theorising the data. Finally, a coding matrix will identify convergence and divergence among all study components.Ethics and disseminationUK NHS Integrated Research Approval System Ethics approved the quantitative research (Reference no. 18/LO/0631). Durham University Research Ethics Committee approved the qualitative research. The authors will publish the findings in peer-reviewed journals and disseminate to practitioners, service users and commissioners via a number of channels including professional and patient networks, conferences and social media. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals.
Centroid-amenities
Authors: Qian Jazreel Siew Xue , Ming Sean Koh Jia 
Published: January 2019

Planning for civic amenities in a fast-changing urban setting such as Singapore is never an easy task. And as urban planners look toward more data-driven approaches toward urban planning, so grows the demand for more flexible geospatial analytics tools to facilitate a more iterative and granular approach toward urban planning [1].
Such specific tools however, are not always readily available as plugins for traditional desktop GIS software, as numerous customizations must be made to model specific temporal planning scenarios for quick analysis, which could prove both costly and time-consuming. Hence, to address this need, open-source tools such as R Shiny could be used to rapidly prototype and test urban planning models, in an iterative fashion.
To demonstrate how this could be done, we developed a proof-of-concept that aims to provide urban planners with an open-source, interactive geospatial analytics tool to help optimize the placement of amenities and services through K-means clustering, making them as accessible as possible to the city residents they serve. The platform also allows planners to compare the accessibility of the existing amenities and services, against a suggested set of optimized amenity locations, using the Hansen Accessibility Score as a measure of accessibility. This allows planners a tangible grasp on how much of an impact and improvement a relocation of amenities could make for the residents served.
This paper details our research and development efforts to design and implement an open-source web-based geospatial tool for supporting the analysis of the accessibility of amenities and services.
Population Health Assessment in NCI-Designated Cancer Center Catchment Areas
Authors: Blake Kelly D. , Ciolino Henry P. , Croyle Robert T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In May 2016, the NCI announced supplemental funding for NCI-Designated Cancer Centers to conduct research to better characterize populations within cancer center catchment areas. The initiative was intended to support primary data collection efforts to better define and describe cancer center catchment areas using a multilevel population health framework. The long-term goal was to facilitate collaborations in which researchers, providers, public health practitioners, and nonprofit organizations could utilize the data to develop or expand applied cancer control research, planning, and implementation, with an emphasis on local health disparities and communication inequalities. This CEBP Focus issue on “Population Health Assessment in Cancer Center Catchment Areas” highlights the results from those catchment area data collection efforts. Articles highlight research from surveys conducted to define and describe cancer center catchment areas using both probability and nonprobability designs and a variety of sampling techniques, survey modes, and data linkages. Some articles report pooled analyses of data collected by multiple cancer centers to highlight local versus national comparisons based on standardized behavioral and demographic measures. Others examine rural–urban differences in measures relevant to cancer prevention and control. The studies published in this Focus will provide the field with a myriad of methodologic approaches for defining and describing cancer center catchment areas.
Nietzsche, Darwin e a questão do progresso evolutivo
Authors: Salanskis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo visa a esclarecer uma dificuldade metodológica que o intérprete da relação Nietzsche-Darwin tem que enfrentar para não cometer um anacronismo neodarwinista. Nietzsche provavelmente nunca leu as obras principais de Darwin, A origem das espécies e A descendência do homem: por isso, os comentadores se interessam pelas fontes secundárias que fundamentaram a avaliação nietzschiana do darwinismo. Em princípio, essa investigação permite comparar o que Nietzsche entendeu por “darwinismo” com a verdadeira teoria de Darwin, a fim de evidenciar possíveis equívocos. Mas em razão da emergência de uma teoria sintética da evolução no século xx, tendemos hoje a assimilar o “verdadeiro Darwin” ao autor da primeira edição de A origem das espécies, publicada em 1859. Ora, tal assimilação é discutível absolutamente falando e não podia ser a perspectiva de um leitor normal durante a década de 1880. Pelo contrário, se considerarmos edições ulteriores da obra de Darwin, o que aparecia como um contrassenso de Nietzsche pode revelar-se uma crítica legítima. Essa é a tese que gostaria de defender sobre a questão do progresso evolutivo, alvo crucial do discurso antidarwinista de Nietzsche.
Palavras-chaveNietzsche; Darwin; Darwinismo; Evolução; Progresso; Complexidade; Divisão fisiológica do trabalho; Valor.
A nomenclatural note on European Chalarus (Diptera: Pipunculidae): a new synonymy of C. elegantulus Jervis, 1992
Authors: KEHLMAIER CHRISTIAN 
Published: January 2019

Recently, Kehlmaier & Assmann (2008) presented a revision of the European representatives of the big-headed fly genus Chalarus Walker, 1834. The work introduced four previously unknown taxa and provided diagnoses of all other known species, illustrated through numerous line drawings and photo-micrographs. In total, the authors treated 25 species including one nomen dubium. Three of these were known from males only and five solely from females. Taxonomic decision-making was backed up by molecular evidence, published partly therein and in the context of a phylogenetic study of the subfamily Chalarinae (Kehlmaier & Assmann 2010). Despite large collecting efforts, three taxa could not be analysed genetically, namely C. argenteus Coe, 1966, C. elegantulus Jervis, 1992 and C. proprius Jervis, 1992, all representing species based on females only. Shortly after the publication of the above mentioned revision, a specimen of C. elegantulus was identified amongst material sent by Dr. Gunilla Ståhls (Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki): 1&, Finland, Ab (Regio aboënsis), Karjalohja, Karkalinniemi, 66581:33221, control trap #2, 25.VI.–22.VII.2007, leg. G. Ståhls, coll. C. Kehlmaier. The 5’ half of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene was sequenced following standard lab procedures (see Kehlmaier & Assmann 2010) using the primer pair LCO1490 and HCO2198 (Folmer et al. 1994). The resulting DNA-barcode (Genbank sequence accession number: FN999909) was compared against a set of reference Chalarus barcode sequences and matched C. absconditus Kehlmaier in Kehlmaier & Assmann, 2008 syn. nov., a species know from male specimens only, sharing an identical haplotype.
The Climate Spiral Demonstrates the Power of Sharing Creative Ideas
Authors: Hawkins Ed , Fæhn Taran , Fuglestvedt Jan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGraphical visualizations have the potential to engage diverse audiences in understanding the changes to our climate, especially when spread worldwide using both traditional and social media. The animated global temperature spiral was one of the first climate graphics to “go viral,” being viewed by millions of people online and by more than a billion people when it was used in the opening ceremony of the 2016 Rio Olympics. The idea, design, and communication aspects that led to the successes of this animated graphic are discussed, highlighting the benefits to scientists of engaging actively online and openly sharing their creative ideas.
Assessing Wind Data from Reanalyses for the Upper Midwest
Authors: Coburn Jacob J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWind is an important atmospheric variable that is receiving increased attention as the world seeks to shift from carbon-based fuels in order to mitigate climate change. This has resulted in increased need for more temporally and spatially continuous wind information, which is often met through the use of reanalysis data. However, limited work has been done to assess the long-term accuracy of the wind data against observations in the context of specific applications. This study focuses on the representation of daily and monthly average 10-m wind speed data in the upper Midwest by six global reanalysis datasets. The accuracy of the datasets was assessed using several measures of skill, as well as the associated wind speed distributions and long-term trends. While it was found that higher resolution and complexity in more recent generations of reanalyses produced more accurate simulations of wind in the region, important biases remained. High variability in the observed data resulted in lower correlations at the monthly time scale. As with previous research, linear trends calculated from the reanalyzed wind speeds were significantly underestimated compared to observed trends. While it is expected that future improvements in model resolution, physics, and data assimilation will further improve wind representation in reanalyses, accounting for the differences between the available datasets and their associated biases will be important for potential applications of the output, particularly wind resource assessment.
An exonic splicing enhancer mutation in DUOX2 causes aberrant alternative splicing and severe congenital hypothyroidism in Bama pigs
Authors: Cao Chunwei , Zhang Ying , Jia Qitao , Wang Xiao , Zheng Qiantao , Zhang Hongyong , Song Ruigao , Li Yongshun , Luo Ailing , Hong Qianlong , Qin Guosong , Yao Jing , Zhang Nan , Wang Yanfang , Wang Hongmei , Zhou Qi , Zhao Jianguo 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Pigs share many similarities with humans in terms of anatomy, physiology and genetics, and have long been recognized as important experimental animals in biomedical research. Using an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen, we previously identified a large number of pig mutants, which could be further established as human disease models. However, the identification of causative mutations in large animals with great heterogeneity remains a challenging endeavor. Here, we select one pig mutant, showing congenital nude skin and thyroid deficiency in a recessive inheritance pattern. We were able to efficiently map the causative mutation using family-based genome-wide association studies combined with whole-exome sequencing and a small sample size. A loss-of-function variant (c.1226 A&gt;G) that resulted in a highly conserved amino acid substitution (D409G) was identified in the DUOX2 gene. This mutation, located within an exonic splicing enhancer motif, caused aberrant splicing of DUOX2 transcripts and resulted in lower H2O2 production, which might cause a severe defect in thyroid hormone production. Our findings suggest that exome sequencing is an efficient way to map causative mutations and that DUOX2D409G/D409G mutant pigs could be a potential large animal model for human congenital hypothyroidism.
The incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia: a retrospective single-centre audit
Authors: Arman S , Vijendren A , Mochloulis G 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionThe aim of this single centre retrospective observational record-based audit was to assess the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia. The setting was a district general hospital in Hertfordshire covering a population of 500,000 people. A total of 196 patients who had had total or completion thyroidectomy during a five-year period were included in the study.Materials and methodsThe primary outcome measure was to determine the rate of biochemical and symptomatic hypocalcaemia in patients undergoing total or completion thyroidectomy. Secondary outcome measures assessed time taken for biochemical and clinical hypocalcaemia to resolve, whether malignancy affected the rate of hypocalcaemia and if removal of parathyroid glands during surgery were a predictor of hypocalcaemia.ResultsThe overall incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia (PTHC) within 24 hours was 21.4%. The incidence increased from 6 hours (13.8%) to 24 hours post-thyroidectomy (15.8%) and there was evidence of both transient and delayed PTHC within the first 24 hours. By 6 months post-surgery, 3.6% remained hypocalcaemic and required continual oral supplementation. Patients with benign thyroid disease had a higher risk of PTHC (P = 0.04) and patients younger than 50 years of age had a higher risk of symptomatic hypocalcaemia (P = 0.016). Other clinical factors including sex, type of surgery, neck dissection, oral calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation and inadvertent histological parathyroid gland excision were not associated with an increased incidence of PTHC or symptomatic hypocalcaemia.ConclusionsOur audit shows that the rate of PTHC within our population was below the national average with higher risk in benign thyroid disease.
Un ruban rose, des edelweiss
Authors: Patrizio Marie-Ange 
Published: January 2019

Cet article n'est pas disponible au téléchargement en raison du refus de publication de l'auteur en open access
Il est toutefois disponible à la commande au format papier dans la version complète de la revue sur le site des Presses universitaires de Louvain
Quatre autobiographies à l’épreuve du 20e siècle
Authors: Hiraux Françoise 
Published: January 2019

Stefan Zweig, Paul Veyne, Salman Rushdie et Jonathan Littell ont livré quatre autobiographies qui explorent l’expérience du temps, intense et bouleversée, que les événements du 20e siècle leur ont donné de connaître.
Ils parlent de l’élan foudroyé par la guerre et de la sidération devant ce qui ne s’était jamais produit. Ils déconstruisent les anciennes notions d’origine et de cause. Ils interrogent le sens que la responsabilité, la fidélité, l’identité, la tradition et même la culture peuvent avoir dans un temps désormais globalisé.
Leur texte interroge l’usage de l’histoire dans une société qui n’appuie plus son information sur une parole d’autorité et se forge ses convictions autrement que par l’administration du document qui fait preuve.
Reste l’essentiel, au-delà de ce que peut être l’historicité du 20e siècle. Être, c’est naître, apparaître et disparaître, devenir et passer. Les autobiographies sont de grands passeurs vers ce mystère profond.
«… et le corps recherche sa voix, comme une plie remontant l’estuaire»
Authors: Keilhauer Annette 
Published: January 2019

Cette contribution s’intéresse à l’importance particulière de la mémoire auditive dans le quatuor algérien d’Assia Djebar. Dans ces quatre romans autobiographiques la dimension sonore de la mémoire joue un rôle important à trois niveaux. Elle complète et remplace une historiographie française écrite par des témoignages oraux et des voix ancestrales, elle donne voix à une résistance féminine envers une société opprimante et elle fait resurgir des traumatismes personnels liés à l’enfance de l’autrice-narratrice. La qualité fortement évocatrice de la dimension sonore intensifie particulièrement le travail de la mémoire et se fait ainsi pierre angulaire d’une triple entreprise autobiographique qui se veut en même temps reconstruction historique, revendication féminine et réflexion identitaire personnelle.
Jean Tardieu, le poème comme audiogramme
Authors: Leforestier Claire 
Published: January 2019

Perméable au bruissement perpétuel du monde, le sujet des poèmes de Jean Tardieu rend compte de cette perturbation majeure. Dans deux récits du recueil La première Personne du singulier (1952), « La Conversation » et la visite chez les Sauvage des « Trois souvenirs d’un figurant », le narrateur se présente comme un écouteur fasciné par une énigme sonore. L’examen de la première scène d’écoute met en évidence une vive sensibilité personnelle aux contrastes de la mimique vocale, aux modulations vocaliques qui communiquent les émotions humaines. La seconde scène, dont les protagonistes épient le flux et le reflux d’un bruit derrière une porte, révèle l’inquiétude et l’excitation que suscitent l’objet dérobé mais aussi l’éclosion du son, appréhendée comme une séparation. De la résonance, le sujet se délivre en émettant à son tour. La vocation poétique de Jean Tardieu paraît ainsi trouver son origine dans la nécessité de transcrire le rythme, murmure ou martèlement, qui lui parvient depuis toujours.