bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human macrophage response to microbial supernatants from diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Deusenbery Carly B. , Kalan Lindsay , Meisel Jacquelyn S. , Gardner Sue E. , Grice Elizabeth A. , Spiller Kara L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major clinical problem exacerbated by prolonged bacterial infection. Macrophages, the primary innate immune cells, are multifunctional cells that regulate diverse processes throughout multiple phases of wound healing. To better understand the influence of microbial species on macrophage behavior, we cultured primary human monocyte‐derived macrophages from four donors for 24 hours in media conditioned by bacteria and fungi (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium amycolatum, Corynebacterium striatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans, and Candida albicans) isolated from the DFUs of six patients. The effects of these microbe‐derived signals on macrophage behavior were assessed by measuring the gene expression of a panel of 25 genes related to macrophage phenotype, angiogenesis, bacterial recognition, and cell survival, as well as secretion of two inflammatory cytokines using NanoString multiplex analysis. Principal component analysis showed that macrophage gene expression and protein secretion were affected by both microbial species as well as human donor. S. simulans and C. albicans caused up‐regulation of genes associated with a proinflammatory (M1) phenotype, and P. aeruginosa caused an increase in the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine and M1 marker tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα). Together, these results suggest that macrophages respond to secreted factors from microbes by up‐regulating inflammatory markers, and that the effects are strongly dependent on the monocyte donor. Ultimately, increased understanding of macrophage–microbe interactions will lead to the development of more targeted therapies for DFU healing.
Experimental Study of the Static and Dynamic Characteristics of a Long (L/D = 0.75) Labyrinth Annular Seal Operating Under Two-Phase (Liquid/Gas) Conditions
Authors: Shrestha Hari , Childs Dara W. , Tran Dung L. , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA two-phase annular-seal stand at the Turbomachinery Laboratory of Texas A&M University is utilized to experimentally investigate a labyrinth seal operating under two-phase flow conditions (a mixture of silicone oil and air). A long labyrinth seal (length-to-diameter ratio L/D = 0.75, diameter D = 114.729 mm, and radial clearance Cr = 0.213 mm) is tested at a supply pressure of 62 bars-g with inlet gas volume fraction GVFi ranging from 90 to 100%. Tests were conducted at three pressure ratios PR (0.3, 0.4, 0.5), three rotating speeds (5, 10, 15 krpm), six GVFi (90%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 98%, and 100%), and three inlet-preswirl inserts, namely, zero, medium, and high. Specifically, the ratio between the fluid's circumferential velocity and the shaft surface's velocity are in ranges of 0.0–0.2, 0.5–1.6, and 0.5–2.7 for the zero, medium, and high preswirls respectively. The direct dynamic stiffness KΩ is negative. As GVFi decreases (more liquid), KΩ becomes more negative for the zero preswirl. The effect of changing GVFi on KΩ for the medium and high preswirls is not as clear as for the zero preswirl. For the zero preswirl, as GVFi decreases, the cross-coupled dynamic stiffness kΩ and direct damping C damping increase. However, the effective damping Ceff values converge to almost the same positive value for higher frequencies. Hence, there is no significant effect of change in GVFi for the zero preswirl. For the high preswirl, as GVFi decreases, kΩ decreases and C increases. As GVFi decreases, Ceff becomes less negative and eventually becomes positive for frequencies higher than Ωc. This result indicates that at certain frequencies, the presence of liquid can make the labyrinth seals with high preswirl more stable. For the seal tested, a compressor running at 15 krpm and PR (ratio of seal exit pressure and seal inlet pressure) = 0.5 with the first critical speed of 7500 rpm (125 Hz) would experience an increase in stability with presence of liquid in the flow stream for the medium and high preswirls. However, for the range of GVFi considered here, if swirl brakes are used in a compressor application to reduce the preswirl, there would be no impact of liquid presence on the stability of the compressor. Concerning static measurements, leakage rate m˙ increases with decreases in GVFi but remains unchanged with increasing preswirl.
An Artificial Neural Network Approach for Generating High-Resolution Designs From Low-Resolution Input in Topology Optimization
Authors: Napier Nicholas , Sriraman Sai-Aksharah , Tran Huy T. , James Kai A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We address a central issue that arises within element-based topology optimization. To achieve a sufficiently well-defined material interface, one requires a highly refined finite element mesh; however, this leads to an increased computational cost due to the solution of the finite element analysis problem. By generating an optimal structure on a coarse mesh and using an artificial neural network to map this coarse solution to a refined mesh, we can greatly reduce computational time. This approach resulted in time savings of up to 85% for test cases considered. This significant advantage in computational time also preserves the structural integrity when compared with a fine-mesh optimization with limited error. Along with the savings in computational time, the boundary edges become more refined during the process, allowing for a sharp transition from solid to void. This improved boundary edge can be leveraged to improve the manufacturability of the optimized designs.
Prediction of Dilution and Its Impact on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of a Multipass Steel Weldment
Authors: Sun Y. L. , Hamelin C. J. , Flint T. F. , Vasileiou A. N. , Francis J. A. , Smith M. C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A three-pass groove weld made by gas-tungsten arc welding in a 20-mm thick SA508 steel plate is modeled to predict the thermal, metallurgical, and mechanical behavior. The dilution for each pass is estimated as the proportion of base material in the weld metal, based on the predicted cross-sectional areas for the fusion zone (FZ) associated with each individual pass. The temperature predictions are consistent with the thermocouple measurement data and cross-weld macrographs. The predicted microstructures are qualitatively compared with the observed microstructures in cross-weld optical micrographs. The measured hardness is then used to quantitatively validate the predictions for postweld microconstituents (e.g., the ferrite, bainite, and martensite fractions), based on a hardness-microstructure correlation. The predicted residual stresses are compared with those measured by neutron diffraction. The results show that the dilution significantly affects the metallurgical and mechanical properties of weld metal (either as-deposited or reheated), and its consideration notably improves the predictions for microstructure and residual stress in the multipass steel weldment. Furthermore, the increase in dilution promotes the formation of martensite, which enhances the hardness, and leads to lower tensile stresses (or higher compressive stresses) in the weld metal. Such behavior arises due to the higher hardenability of the base material employed in this study, coupled with delayed austenite decomposition on cooling.
Effect of Plastic Hardening Models on Fatigue Life Simulation of Pipeline Elbows Under Operating Pressure and Cyclic Bending
Authors: Zhu Xian-Kui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study of plastic hardening models used in the stress, strain, and fatigue life simulations of a pipeline elbow under operating pressure and cyclic in-plane bending. To determine more accurate stresses, strains, and fatigue life of the elbow in cyclic loading, the material plastic hardening response and the Bauschinger effect need to be considered properly in the numerical simulation. The isotropic, kinematic, and combined isotropic/kinematic hardening models are, thus, evaluated in the elastic-plastic finite element analysis (FEA) of a benchmark beam. On this basis, those plastic hardening models are applied to simulate the elbow under combined loading of constant internal pressure and cyclic in-plane bending. With the FEA results and selected fatigue models that are commonly used in the pipeline industry, fatigue life of the elbow is predicted for each hardening model. As such, the appropriate plastic hardening model and fatigue life model to predict fatigue life of the elbow are determined.
Two-Phase Performance of a Hybrid Jet Plus Multipass Microchannel Heat Sink
Authors: Joshi Shailesh N. , Lohan Danny J. , Dede Ercan M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The heat transfer and fluid flow performance of a hybrid jet plus multipass microchannel heat sink in two-phase operation is evaluated for the cooling of a single large area, 3.61 cm2, heat source. The two-layer branching microchannel heat sink is evaluated using HFE-7100 as the coolant at three inlet volumetric flow rates of 150, 300, and 450 ml/min. The boiling performance is highest for the flow rate of 450 ml/min with the maximum heat flux value of 174 W/cm2. Critical heat flux (CHF) was observed at two of the tested flow rates, 150 and 300 ml/min, before reaching the maximum operating temperature for the serpentine heater. At 450 ml/min, the heater reached the maximum allowable temperature prior to observing CHF. The maximum pressure drop for the heat sink is 34.1 kPa at a heat flux of 164 W/cm2. Further, the peak heat transfer coefficient value of the heat sink is 28,700 W/m2 K at a heat flux value of 174 W/cm2 and a flow rate of 450 ml/min. Finally, a validated correlation of the single device cooler is presented that predicts heat transfer performance and can be utilized in the design of multidevice coolers.
Electrochemical Performance Enhancement of Sodium-Ion Batteries Fabricated With NaNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathodes Using Support Vector Regression-Simplex Algorithm Approach
Authors: Ruhatiya C. , Singh Surinder , Goyal Ankit , Niu Xiaodong , Hanh Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Van Hoang , Tran Van Man , Phung LE My Loan , Garg Akhil , Gao Liang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries have low energy density, low capacity, and inferior cycling performance when compared with Li-ion batteries. However, lithium depletion poses a serious problem for the production and cost of Li-ion batteries. In the present work, NaNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 was synthesized as the cathode material for Na-ion batteries using the sol–gel method. The conventional cathode material used in Na-ion batteries had been replaced with the synthesized cathode material, and the data had been collected by performing charging/discharging experiments. The support vector regression synchronized cross-validation simplex algorithm cluster was then used for predictive modeling and optimization of the fabrication process of the positive electrode material of sodium-ion batteries. The stable normal distribution without any skewness validated the robustness of the model for better accuracy and stability of the Na-ion batteries. The optimized value of capacity is 176 mAh/g for 99 cycles, which is better than those of conventional batteries used for commercial storage purposes.
Hybrid Control of Offshore Jacket Platforms Using Decentralized Sliding Mode Control and Shape Memory Alloy-Rubber Bearing Under Multiple Hazards
Authors: Das Diptesh , Khan Minaruddin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The motivation and objective of the present study are to propose a hybrid control system for offshore jacket platforms to mitigate the vibrations induced by multiple hazards, namely, the earthquakes and regular and irregular waves. State-of-the-art indicates that not much work is reported on hybrid control of offshore jacket platforms for multiple hazards using a control algorithm, which is robust against uncertainties. A decentralized sliding mode control algorithm using magneto-rheological (MR) dampers is employed for the semi-active controller because of its robustness against parametric uncertainties and reliability. Passive shape memory alloy rubber bearings (SMARBs) are selected as passive isolators because of their high damping capacities, high fatigue resistance, and super elastic behavior, which are highly desirable for offshore applications. The scope of the present study is to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed controller and investigate the effects of different influencing parameters. A jacket platform, reported in the literature, is taken as an illustrative example. A significant reduction in the top deck displacement is observed. The position and number of MR dampers affect the performance of the controller significantly. Limitations of the controller imposed due to the greater weightage or penalty imposed on displacements by the semi-active control algorithm as well as due to the magnetic saturation of MR dampers are overcome by the high energy dissipation of the passive SMARBs, thus making the hybrid controller highly efficient. The effectiveness of the controller is more for the earthquakes and random waves than for the regular waves.
Asset Preservation During Decommissioning and Commissioning
Authors: Anderson Gary , Bø Henning 
Published: July 2019

Operators decommission older offshore oil and gas fields for a variety of reasons: regulations and business models change, technology improves, field productivity ceases.
In many cases, the existing pipeline network around these platforms is repurposed or reconfigured to suit current needs. New production wells can be tied in to the existing network, and unproductive assets can be bypassed and decommissioned. Although the platforms are most often specific in purpose, the pipelines are generalists by nature. Prolonging the life of this type of asset is almost always profitable.
This paper describes how in-line isolation technology kept production loss to a minimum during offshore platform decommissioning and the tie-in of a reused pipeline into a new facility.
Evolution of organic-mineral interactions and implications for organic carbon occurrence and transformation in shale
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Cai Jingong , Wang Yongshi , Liu Huimin , Zhang Shoupeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOrganic-mineral interactions are pervasive in sedimentary environments; however, the extent of these interactions is not constant and has a significant impact on organic carbon (OC) occurrence and transformation. To understand the evolution of organic-mineral interactions and the implications for OC occurrence and transformation in fine-grained sediments, several shale samples were selected and subjected to physical and chemical sequential treatments. The samples were subjected to pyrolysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), and adsorption measurements to determine the organic parameters and the mineral surface area (MSA) of the shale samples. The results show that the organic fractions derived from sequential treatments have varying pyrolysis and FTIR characteristics. The correlation between the total OC content and MSA is positive, but it is split according to organic fractions with different attributes. Correlations between the different organic fractions and MSA indicate that the organic matter in shale is mainly adsorbed on mineral surfaces, while a certain portion of organic matter occurs in the pores and is adsorbed on the organic-mineral aggregates, suggesting variable interactions between the organic fractions with different attributes and minerals. From the pyrolysis and FTIR analysis, the organic fractions of different occurrence sites vary in their OC proportion, proclivity to form organic functional groups, and hydrocarbon generation potential. With increasing burial depth, the MSA and hydrogen index as well as OC loading per unit MSA are reduced, and the OC proportions of organic fractions with different attributes have regular trends. These observations indicate that the extent of organic-mineral interactions that can stabilize organic matter gradually decreases, resulting in transformation of the tightly mineral-combined OC into free OC. Our work reveals the heterogeneity in organic matter occurrence and the effect of the evolution of the organic-mineral interactions on OC occurrence and transformation, which is significant in the global carbon cycle and in petroleum systems.
Traditional serrated adenoma: an overview of pathology and emphasis on molecular pathogenesis
Authors: McCarthy Aoife J , Serra Stefano , Chetty Runjan 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the pathology and molecular pathogenesis of traditional serrated adenomas (TSA).DesignDescribe the morphology and molecules that play a role in their pathogenesis.ResultsThese exuberant polypoid lesions are typified by tall cells with deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm, elongated nuclei bearing delicate chromatin, ectopic crypt foci, deep clefting of the lining mucosa and an overall resemblance to small bowel mucosa.Broadly, TSAs arise via three mechanisms. They may beBRAFmutated and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-high: right sided, mediated through a microvesicular hyperplastic polyp or a sessile serrated adenoma, may also haveRNF43mutations and result in microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers (CRC). The second pathway that is mutually exclusive of the first is mediated throughKRASmutation with CIMP-low TSAs. These are left-sided TSAs, are not associated with another serrated polyp and result in MSS CRC. These TSAs also haveRSPO3,RNF43andp53mutations together with aberrant nuclear localisation of β-catenin. Third, there is a smaller group of TSAs that areBRAFandKRASwild type and arise by as yet unknown molecular events. All TSAs show retention of mismatch repair proteins.ConclusionThese are characteristic unusual polyps with a complex molecular landscape.
Relating the number of human leucocytes antigen mismatches to pregnancy complications in oocyte donation pregnancies: study protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study (DONOR study)
Authors: van Bentem Kim , Lashley Eileen , Bos Manon , Eikmans Michael , Heidt Sebastiaan , Claas Frans , le Cessie Saskia , van der Hoorn Marie-Louise 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionOocyte donation (OD) enables women with reproductive failure to conceive. Compared with naturally conceived (NC) and in vitrofertilisation (IVF) pregnancies, OD pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications. The allogeneic nature of the fetus in OD pregnancies possibly plays a role in the development of these complications. The objective of the current study is therefore to study the number and nature of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches between fetus and mother and its association with the development of hypertensive pregnancy complications.Methods and analysisIn this prospective multicentre cohort study, 200 patients visiting one of the 11 participating fertility centres in the Netherlands to perform OD or embryo donation or surrogacy will be invited to participate. These patients will be included as the exposed group. In addition, 146 patients with a NC pregnancy and 146 patients who applied for non-donor IVF are included as non-exposed subjects. These groups are frequency matched on age and ethnicity and only singleton pregnancies will be included. The primary clinical outcome of the study is the development of hypertensive disease during pregnancy. Secondary outcomes are the severity of the pre-eclampsia, time to development of pre-eclampsia and development of other pregnancy complications. The association of high number of HLA mismatches (>5) between mother and fetus will be determined and related to clinical outcome and pregnancy complication.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the medical ethics committee in the Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands (P16.048, ABR NL56308.058.16). Study findings will be presented at (inter) national conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.
Novel and emerging therapies for B cell lymphoma
Authors: Ayyappan Sabarish , Maddocks Kami 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, with unique clinical and biological characteristics that exhibit variable response to therapy. Advances in chemo-immunotherapy have improved outcomes in a number of lymphoma subtypes; however, the prognosis for many patients with relapsed and refractory disease remains poor. Novel therapies including several small molecule inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cells have been approved for the treatment of different lymphoma subtypes at relapse, changing the therapy landscape and further improving survival in many of these diseases. This has led to a focus on the development of new cellular therapy, antibody-based therapy, and small molecule inhibitors for relapsed and refractory disease that offer an alternative approach to cytotoxic chemotherapy. We will review these promising novel therapies and discuss their safety and efficacy in first in human studies.
Genome-wide analysis of androgen receptor binding and transcriptomic analysis in mesenchymal subsets during prostate development
Authors: Nash Claire , Boufaied Nadia , Badescu Dunarel , Wang Yu Chang , Paliouras Miltiadis , Trifiro Mark , Ragoussis Ioannis , Thomson Axel A. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Prostate development is controlled by androgens, the androgen receptor (AR) and mesenchymal–epithelial signalling. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to define AR genomic binding in the male and female mesenchyme. Tissue- and single-cell-based transcriptional profiling was used to define mesenchymal AR target genes. We observed significant AR genomic binding in females and a strong enrichment at proximal promoters in both sexes. In males, there was greater AR binding to introns and intergenic regions as well as to classical AR binding motifs. In females, there was increased proximal promoter binding and involvement of cofactors. Comparison of AR-bound genes with transcriptomic data enabled the identification of novel sexually dimorphic AR target genes. We validated the dimorphic expression of AR target genes using published datasets and confirmed regulation by androgens using ex vivo organ cultures. AR targets showed variable expression in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome. We examined AR function at single-cell resolution using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in male and female mesenchyme. Surprisingly, both AR and target genes were distributed throughout cell subsets, with few positive cells within each subset. AR binding was weakly correlated with target gene expression.