bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Surgical Wound Healing in Orthopedic Patients with Impaired Tissue Integrity According to Nursing Outcomes Classification
Authors: Menna Barreto Luciana Nabinger , Silva Marcos Barragan da , Engelman Bruna , Figueiredo Manoela Schmarczek , Rodríguez‐Acelas Alba Luz , Cañon‐Montañez Wilson , Almeida Miriam de Abreu 
Published: November 2018

PURPOSETo assess the surgical wound (SW) healing in orthopedic patients with Impaired tissue integrity according to the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC).METHODSA prospective longitudinal study performed with 24 patients. Data collection was performed through an instrument containing the NOC indicators.FINDINGSThe indicators skin approximation, drainage, surrounding skin erythema, periwound edema, increased skin temperature, and foul wound odor presented a statistically significant increase when compared the means between the first and the last day of evaluation.CONCLUSIONThe NOC indicators allowed to monitor the SW healing indicating an improvement.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEThe NOC can favor an earlier identification of the degree of commitment for each patient and enables implementation of care to achieve target outcomes.
Narco‐Cattle Ranching in Political Forests
Authors: Devine Jennifer A. , Wrathall David , Currit Nate , Tellman Beth , Langarica Yunuen Reygadas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn Central America, drug traffickers are deforesting the region's remaining forests and protected areas through a process known asnarco‐ganadería, narco‐cattle ranching. Drawing on the case study of Laguna del Tigre National Park, this article argues that narco‐cattle ranching is a key driver of deforestation in Guatemala's Maya Biosphere Reserve. Using ethnographic and remote‐sensing methods, we describe narco‐cattle ranching's money‐laundering practices, its territorial dynamics, and its environmental impacts. We draw on theorisations of “political forests” to explain how drug trafficking organisations transform land use in the reserve, and along the way, remake its ecology, territories and subjects. Our work illustrates that drug policy is inextricably linked to conservation policy in the Americas. More specifically, we argue that community‐based resource management improves forest and protected area residents’ abilities to resist drug‐trafficking related land use change by strengthening local governance and land tenure regimes.
A novel power supply system for puborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter
Authors: Zhou Zerun , Yan Guozheng , Wang Zhiwu , Wu Changjian , Hua Fangfang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPuborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter (PAAS) is an innovative new type of artificial anal sphincter (AAS). It overcomes many drawbacks and inadequacies of various previous AASs, and it has successfully been implanted in vivo for almost 3 weeks. During in vivo testing, PAAS shows its ability to retain continence with low risk of ischemia necrosis, and somehow truly helps to remodel rectal perception. However, there are still many defects that influence the long‐term implantation of PAAS, especially in the power supply system (PSS). This article presents a new designed PSS which includes a new transcutaneous energy transfer (TET) system, a heat reduction system, and a safety usage system. The new PSS reduces the total size of PAAS by at least 30%. Newly designed TET system can satisfy the Qi standard, and render a power of 3W to fulfill the requirement of fast charging and normal use of PAAS at the distance of 15.5 mm when frequency of TET system is 110 kHz, which previous TET systems can hardly achieve. Heat reduction system helps to reduce the heat generated during TET charging. It can reduce heat by 40% during the same period of time of TET charging. Safety usage system helps the user control PAAS more properly which can reduce the rate of failure of PAAS system.
Exposure to antazoline‐naphazoline eye drops during pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Thomseth Vilde , Cejvanovic Vanja , Jimenez‐Solem Espen , Poulsen Henrik E. , Utheim Tor Paaske , Andersen Jon T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether exposure to antazoline‐naphazoline eye drops in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of malformations in humans.MethodsAll women giving live birth between 1997 and 2011 in Denmark were included in this nationwide cohort study. All women redeeming at least one prescription of antazoline‐naphazoline eye drops during the first 84 days of pregnancy were identified. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios of malformations among exposed offspring compared to non‐exposed offspring.ResultsWe identified 977 706 births between 1997 and 2011. A total of 3061 women (0.32%) were exposed to antazoline‐naphazoline eye drops in the first trimester of pregnancy. The rate of congenital malformations was 3.0% (n = 93) in exposed offspring and 3.5% (n = 33 594) in unexposed offspring. First‐trimester exposure to antazoline‐naphazoline was not associated with major congenital malformations overall (odds ratio: 0.88, 95% confidence interval: 0.71–1.09) or with any specific major malformation. The number of redeemed prescriptions was unchanged during all trimesters of pregnancy as compared to before and after pregnancy (p < 0.05).ConclusionExposure to antazoline‐naphazoline eye drops in the first trimester of pregnancy appears not to be associated with increased teratogenic risk.
Support for National Flag‐Displays in Times of Change: A Question of National Identification?
Authors: Berndsen Mariëtte , Gausel Nicolay 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFlag‐displays can be used within national groups to communicate majority supremacy over ethnic minorities. In two studies set in an Australian context (N = 88 and N = 102), we explain how mode of national identification (glorifying identifiers versus attached identifiers) differently predicts support for multicultural values and national flag‐displays. In line with the hypotheses, we found that attached identifiers were more supportive of multicultural values and national flag‐displays by ethnic minorities than glorifying identifiers. In contrast, glorifying identifiers supported flag‐displays by the majority more than did the attached identifiers. Study 2 demonstrates that glorifying identifiers’ use of the national flag is explicitly meant to exclude other groups. As expected, support for multicultural values and endorsement of the flag as an exclusion tool helped to explain the relationship between identification and flag‐displays. As such, results revealed the attitudes behind a novel form of prejudice that is currently on the rise.
Nightmares and hallucinations with aprepitant and opium powder: a suspected drug–drug interaction
Authors: Narjoux Grégoire , Clarenne Justine , Azzouz Brahim , Zeller Pauline‐Saraï , Slimano Florian , Bouché Olivier 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPolypharmacy of elderly oncology patients and fragmented medication management are well‐known risk factors for drug–drug interactions (DDIs). These interactions can occur among antineoplastic, ongoing chronic treatment(s) and chemotherapy‐associated treatments, like antiemetics. Clinically relevant interactions based on enzyme‐ or transporter‐inhibition phenomena of active drugs can increase the frequency of their DDIs. We describe a strongly suspected elderly cancer patient's DDI between aprepitant and opium powder in the context of an irinotecan‐based regimen manifested by nightmares and visual hallucinations. We discuss this DDI's hypothetical pharmacological mechanisms and management.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three dosages of oestriol after continuous vaginal ring administration for 21 days in healthy, postmenopausal women
Authors: Oliveira Filho Raimundo Vieira de , Antunes Natalícia de Jesus , Ilha Jaime de Oliveira , Moreno Ronilson Agnaldo , Wedemeyer Ralph‐Steven , Warnke André , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: November 2018

AimsEvaluation of the oestriol pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety in healthy, postmenopausal women under treatment with a vaginal ring with continuous delivery rates of 0.125 (Test 1), 0.250 (Test 2) or 0.500 mg day–1 (Test 3) for 21 days.MethodsThirty‐one subjects received a single application of Test 1, 2 or 3. The oestriol plasma concentration was determined by liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry. Follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and sex hormone‐binding globulin serum concentrations, and maturation value (MV) and vaginal pH were assessed to describe the pharmacodynamics. Adverse events, local tolerability and endometrial thickness were evaluated to determine safety.ResultsThe 90% confidence interval of the coefficient/slope β was 0.5997–1.174% for area under the curve of plasma concentration (AUC) up to the last measurement, 0.5838–1.115% for AUC extrapolated to infinity and 0.2408–0.943% for maximum plasma concentration. Dose proportionality could not be rejected for AUC, but a deviation from proportionality was statistically significant for maximum plasma concentration. The FSH and LH curves showed a decrease that was more pronounced with higher delivery rates; however, sex hormone‐binding globulin did not present this behaviour. A treatment effect on MV and vaginal pH was comparable for all formulations. All products showed increase in MV (70–80%) and the distribution of parabasal, intermediate and superficial cells showed a shift towards superficial cells. The vaginal pH values markedly decreased under treatment. The effect on endometrial thickness was not dose‐dependent.ConclusionAll formulations released sufficient oestriol to trigger the maximum local effect. However, there was no difference between formulations regarding surrogate parameters for clinical efficacy. A dose‐dependency; however, was clearly demonstrated for FSH and LH. The product was well tolerated and safe.
Even if the fetus is not a person, abortion is immoral: The impairment argument
Authors: Hendricks Perry 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuch of the debate about the ethics of abortion has centered on whether the fetus is a person. In an attempt to sidestep this complex issue, I argue that, even if the fetus is not a person, abortion is immoral. To arrive at this conclusion, I argue that giving a fetus fetal alcohol syndrome is immoral, and that if this is so, then killing the fetus is immoral. Roughly, this is because killing the fetus impairs it more than giving it fetal alcohol syndrome. Since abortion (in most cases) amounts to killing the fetus, this means that abortion (in most cases) is immoral. I defend the premises of this argument against a plethora of objections, concluding that they either do not work, or commit their proponent to a controversial position.
Causal parenthood and the ethics of gamete donation
Authors: Hanna Jason 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAccording to the causal theory of parenthood, people incur parental obligations by causing children to exist. Proponents of the causal theory often argue that gamete donors have special obligations to their genetic offspring. In response, many defenders of current gamete donation practices would reject the causal theory. In particular, they may invoke the ‘too many parents problem’: many people who causally contribute to the existence of children – for instance, fertility doctors – do not thereby incur parental obligations. This article argues that the conclusions commonly drawn by causal theorists, and by their critics, are premature. Causal theorists have a promising response to the too many parents problem. This response, however, defuses the moral concern that many causal theorists have raised about gamete donation. A similar point, it is argued, applies to Rivka Weinberg's ‘Hazmat Theory’.
The Identity Objection to the future‐like‐ours argument
Authors: Brill Skott 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSome critics of Don Marquis's ‘future‐like‐ours’ anti‐abortion argument launch what has been called the Identity Objection. The upshot of this objection is that under a psychological theory of personal identity, a non‐sentient fetus lacks precisely what Marquis believes gives it a right to life – a future like ours. However, Eric Vogelstein, in a recent article, has argued that under this theory of personal identity a non‐sentient fetus, in fact, has a future like ours, which he believes dissolves the Identity Objection. But Vogelstein is mistaken. Even if he is correct that there is a sense in which a non‐sentient fetus has a future of value under a psychological theory of personal identity, the sense in which it has one is importantly different from the sense in which we have one, meaning that, under such a theory, a non‐sentient fetus does not have a future like ours.
When pharmacology meets the microbiome: new targets for therapeutics?
Authors: Hyland Niall P , Cryan John F 
Published: November 2018

Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on When Pharmacology Meets the Microbiome: New Targets for Therapeutics? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.24/issuetoc
Maintaining accountability between levels of governance in Indigenous economic development: Examples from British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Hotte Ngaio , Nelson Harry , Hawkins Tim , Wyatt Stephen , Kozak Robert 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany Indigenous communities in Canada have established economic development corporations (EDCs) to support economic development that meets community goals. Indigenous EDCs, like social enterprises, typically prioritize multiple socio‐economic goals and may be used to limit political influence on business operations; however, complete separation can be detrimental to success. This article explores formal mechanisms used by Indigenous EDCs to maintain accountability between levels of governance and ensure Indigenous community‐owned businesses remain focused on community objectives. A literature review, interviews and document analysis were used to identify formal mechanisms to maintain accountability in the context of Indigenous community‐owned forestry businesses in British Columbia, Canada.
Characterization and regulation of MT1‐MMP cell surface‐associated activity
Authors: Pahwa Sonia , Bhowmick Manishabrata , Amar Sabrina , Cao Jian , Strongin Alex Y. , Fridman Rafael , Weiss Stephen J. , Fields Gregg B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractQuantitative assessment of MT1‐MMP cell surface‐associated proteolytic activity remains undefined. Presently, MT1‐MMP was stably expressed and a cell‐based FRET assay developed to quantify activity toward synthetic collagen‐model triple‐helices. To estimate the importance of cell surface localization and specific structural domains on MT1‐MMP proteolysis, activity measurements were performed using a series of membrane‐anchored MT1‐MMP mutants and compared directly with those of soluble MT1‐MMP. MT1‐MMP activity (kcat/KM) on the cell surface was 4.8‐fold lower compared with soluble MT1‐MMP, with the effect largely manifested in kcat. Deletion of the MT1‐MMP cytoplasmic tail enhanced cell surface activity, with both kcat and KM values affected, while deletion of the hemopexin‐like domain negatively impacted KM and increased kcat. Overall, cell surface localization of MT1‐MMP restricts substrate binding and protein‐coupled motions (based on changes in both kcat and KM) for catalysis. Comparison of soluble and cell surface‐bound MT2‐MMP revealed 12.9‐fold lower activity on the cell surface. The cell‐based assay was utilized for small molecule and triple‐helical transition state analog MMP inhibitors, which were found to function similarly in solution and at the cell surface. These studies provide the first quantitative assessments of MT1‐MMP activity and inhibition in the native cellular environment of the enzyme.
UNEXPECTED DIVERSITY OF AUSTRALIAN TOBACCO SPECIES (NICOTIANA SECTION SUAVEOLENTES, SOLANACEAE)
Authors: Chase Mark W. , Christenhusz Maarten J. M. , Conran John G. , Dodsworth Steven , Medeiros de Assis Felipe Nollet , Felix Leonardo P. , Fay Michael F. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis special issue highlights some of the wonderful species of native Australian tobacco (Nicotiana sect. Suaveolentes). We here present twelve species of this genus, four of which are new to science. Many Nicotiana species have a high ornamental value, and we hope that particularly the rarer Australian species will find a way into horticulture to prevent them from becoming threatened. This would allow maintenance of ex‐situ populations, mitigating the effects of changing climate and introduction of invasive species. Tobaccos dispersed into the Australian outback around two million years ago and are now radiating there. It has been clear that they have interesting cytological evolution as well as morphological differences. They appear to have peculiar drought adaptations, which are needed for thin‐leaved herbs growing in some of the driest places on the planet.
884. NICOTIANA YANDINGA
Authors: Chase Mark W. , Conran John G. , Christenhusz Maarten J. M. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryNicotiana yandinga is newly described here and illustrated from plants collected in the Gawler Ranges in South Australia and cultivated at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Its discovery, ecology, cytology and cultivation are discussed.
Smoking behaviours among heterosexual and sexual minority youth? Findings from 15 years of provincially representative data
Authors: Fish Jessica N. , Watson Ryan J. , Gahagan Jacqueline , Porta Carolyn M. , Beaulieu‐Prévost Dominic , Russell Stephen T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroduction and AimsSexual identity disparities in smoking behaviours are well established; however, there is limited research on whether these disparities have diminished as the social and political landscape has changed for lesbian, gay and bisexual people. Thus, we examined changes in prevalence and sexual identity disparities in three smoking behaviours among Canadian adolescents from 1998 to 2013.Design and MethodsData are from the provincially representative British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey (N = 99 373). Using sex‐stratified, age‐adjusted logistic regression models, we estimated: (i) trends in lifetime cigarette use, early onset, and past 30‐day use for heterosexual and three subgroups of sexual minority (i.e. mostly heterosexual, bisexual and gay/lesbian) youth; (ii) sexual identity disparities in these cigarette‐related behaviours within each survey year (1998, 2003, 2008, 2013); and (iii) whether the size of the disparity has changed from 1998 to 2013.ResultsSmoking has declined for all youth from 1998 to 2013, although less consistently for sexual minority youth. Within‐year disparity estimates indicated elevated prevalence of cigarette use for sexual minority compared to heterosexual youth, particularly among females. Trends in sexual identity and smoking behaviours indicated that the degree of differences between heterosexual and sexual minority youth have remained stable or, in some cases, widened. Heterosexual and sexual minority youth differences widened for early onset among sexual minority boys and lifetime and past 30‐day use for sexual minority girls.Discussion and ConclusionsEfforts to prevent smoking behaviours among youth should continue. Tailored preventive strategies for sexual minority youth might help address existing disparities.
DREAM5: An open‐label, randomized, cross‐over study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of day and night closed‐loop control by comparing the MD‐Logic automated insulin delivery system to sensor augmented pump therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes at home
Authors: Biester Torben , Nir Judith , Remus Kerstin , Farfel Alon , Muller Ido , Biester Sarah , Atlas Eran , Dovc Klemen , Bratina Nataša , Kordonouri Olga , Battelino Tadej , Philip Moshe , Danne Thomas , Nimri Revital 
Published: November 2018

AimsPrevious DREAM studies demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the CE marked MD‐Logic closed‐loop system (DreaMed GlucoSitter) in different settings for overnight glycaemic control. The present study aimed to evaluate the system for day and night use for 60 hours during the weekend at home compared to sensor‐augmented pump (SAP) therapy in participants with type 1 diabetes.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicentre, crossover, controlled study (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01238406). All participants were connected in randomized order for one weekend to SAP therapy or the MD‐Logic System. In the intervention arm only, the amount of carbohydrate was entered into the bolus calculator; the rest of insulin delivery was automated and wireless via a tablet computer. The primary endpoint was percentage of glucose values between 70 and 180 mg/dL.ResultsThe ITT population comprised 48 (19 males, 29 females) adolescents and adults experienced in sensor use: (median, [IQR]): age, 16.1years [13.2‐18.5]; diabetes duration, 9.4 years [5.0‐12.7]; pump use, 5.4 years [3.1‐9.4]; HbA1c, 7.6% [7.0‐8.1]. A significant increase in the percentage of time within target range (70‐180 mg/dL) (66.6% vs 59.9%, P = 0.002) was observed with the closed‐loop system vs control weekends with unchanged percentage of time below 70 mg/dL (2.3% vs 1.5%, P = 0.369). Mean weekend glucose level per participant was significantly lower (153 [142‐175] vs 164 [150‐186] mg/dL, P = 0.003). No safety signals were observed.ConclusionsThe MD‐Logic system was safe and associated with better glycaemic control than SAP therapy for day and night use. The absence of remote monitoring did not lead to safety signals in adapting basal rates nor in administration of automated bolus corrections.
Is the longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle affected by vitamin D deficiency in nondiabetics? A 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiographic study
Authors: Omidi Fatemeh , Hosseinsabet Ali 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesVitamin D deficiency with its high global prevalence is associated with some pathological changes in the myocardium. The aim of our study was to assess the longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium in subjects with vitamin D deficiency.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited 98 consecutive nondiabetic subjects (45 subjects with vitamin D deficiency and 53 subjects without vitamin D deficiency) without significant epicardial coronary artery stenosis. The longitudinal subendocardial deformation indices of the LV myocardium were evaluated with 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography.ResultsThe end‐systolic strain, the systolic strain rate, and the early and late diastolic strain rates were not statistically significantly different between the subjects with and without vitamin D deficiency.ConclusionsThe global longitudinal subendocardial deformations of the LV, including the systolic strain rate and the systolic and diastolic strain rates, as evaluated with 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography were not statistically significantly correlated with the presence or absence of vitamin D deficiency.