bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonunun ‘Silahlı Çatışmaların Andlaşmalara Etkisi Hakkındaki Taslak Maddeler’i Üzerine Betimsel Bir İnceleme
Authors: UZUN Elif 
Published: September 2018

Silahlı çatışmaların andlaşmalara etkisi konusunda hukuki bir boşluk bulunmaktadır.
Viyana Andlaşmalar Hukuk Sözleşmesi meseleyi açıkça kapsamı dışında
bırakır. Uluslararası örf ve adet hukukunda ise kesin bir kural bulmak mümkün
değildir ve doktrindeki görüşler de farklılık gösterir. Bu makale Uluslararası
Hukuk Komisyonu’nun 2011’de tamamladığı ‘Silahlı Çatışmaların Andlaşmalara
Etkisi Hakkında Taslak Maddeler’ine dair betimsel bir inceleme sunmayı
amaçlamaktadır. Taslak Maddeler Devletlere bu sorun hakkında yönelmiş bir
öneri olarak görülebilir ve şimdiden uluslararası hukuk literatüründe bir atıf
kaynağı haline gelmiştir.
KOMUNIKASI NONVERBAL PADA REMAJA TUNARUNGU DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA BANDUNG
Authors: Widyaputra Fauzan Ahdi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract Someone with special needs are part of the dynamic of life. Same thing with other normal human, somenone with special needs are communicating. Deaf human, specifc to teeneger, they are communicating with the environment by symbolic language. Indonesia use universal symbolic language, the language is confirmed in global. This study aims to gain insight about communication deaf teenagers at SLBN Cileunyi Kabupaten Bandung. In particular to determine used of sign languange, action language, and object language in deaf teenagers. This research used the qualitative method with in-depth interview, observation and documentation study. The data resource which is used was the primary and secondary data, this research also carried out the validity data test with credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The informant in this research was the students of SLB Negeri Cileunyi which is purposively determined. Furthermore, the field data was analyzed by using qualitative analysis. This study demonstrated that: sign language of deaf teenager still needed special assistance like signal, logo and grafic symbol. So it is with action language which actually not specific to replace the words, but transfering the meaning, and object language of deaf teenager like props, it should be made interesting. Keywords: communication, deaf, nonverbal Abstrak Seseorang dengan kebutuhan khusus adalah bagian dari dinamika kehidupan. Sama halnya dengan manusia pada umumnya, seseorang dengan kebutuhan khusus melakukan komunikasi. Remaja tunarungu dapat mengenali lingkungan sekitarnya dengan cara berkomunikasi dengan yang lainnya menggunakan bahasa isyarat. Bahasa isyarat yang digunakan di Indonesia adalah bahasa isyarat yang telah disepakati oleh seluruh dunia. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengkaji tentang komunikasi nonverbal pada remaja tunarungu. Secara khusus untuk mengetahui bahasa tanda, bahasa tindakan, dan bahasa objek di remaja tunarungu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan studi ini adalah kualitatif – interaksi simbolik, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi parsitipasif, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan Credibility, Transferability, Dependability, dan Confirmability. Infoman penelitian adalah siswa Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) Negeri Cileunyi yang ditentukan dengan purposif. Selanjutnya teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisi kualititatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa tanda pada remaja tunarungu masih memerlukan bantuan khusus seperti sinyal, logo, dan simbol grafis. Begitu juga dengan bahasa tindakan pada remaja tunarungu yang sebenarnya tidak dikhususkan sebagai pengganti kata tetapi menghantarkan makna, seperti menggebrak meja, dan bahasa objek pada remaja tunarungu seperti alat peraga harus dibuat menarik. Kata kunci: komunikasi, nonverbal, tunarungu
PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS FORUM KESEHATAN BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGGERAKKAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: E.Dohong Ekha Raya 
Published: September 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengembangan organisasi lokal Forum Kesehatan Berbasis Masyarakat (FKBM) RW 04 Kelurahan Sekeloa Kecamatan Coblong Kota Bandung dapat menjadi salah satu strategi memberdayakan masyarakat dalam menggerakkan kembali perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi, Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Pengecekan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan melakukan perpanjangan pengamatan, meningkatkan ketekunan, triangulasi, diskusi dengan teman atau sejawat dengan membicarakan kasus dalam penelitian. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengurus organisasi lokal FKBM, tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama, dan warga yang rentan mengalami masalah kesehatan. Analisa data menggunakan data kualitatif. Refleksi awal terhadap FKBM diketahui FKBM membutuhkan pengembangan organisasi. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan kapasitas merupakan program yang relevan dengan kendala organisatoris yang dihadapi oleh FKBM seperti keterbatasan SDM baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas. Hasil perbaikan model intervensi adalah kesepakatan mengadakan pelatihan pengelolaan organisasi bagi pengurus dan anggota yang bekerjasama dengan Dinas Sosial Kota Bandung, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung, Pemerintah Kecamatan Coblong, LPM dan PKK Kelurahan Sekeloa. Hasil pelaksanaan perencanaan asesmen dan setelah dilakukan intervensi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kapasitas pengurus dan anggota organisasi lokal FKBM yang mengalami masalah kekurangan SDM baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas dapat dikatakan pelatihan penguatan kapasitas manajemen organisasi, berpengaruh meningkatkan kapasitas organisasi lokal FKBM. Kata kunci: pemberdayaan masyarakat, pengembangan organisasi, penguatan kapasitas, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat
KUALITAS HIDUP KELUARGA PEKERJA PEMETIK TEH DI KAMPUNG SUKAWANA DESA KARYAWANGI KECAMATAN PARONGPONG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Shifa Mia , Nurjanah Nur , Rahayuningsih Eni 
Published: September 2018

Abstrak Kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan yang terjadi di berbagai wilayah Indonesia baik di kota maupun di desa. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masalah kemiskinan yang dialami keluarga pemetik teh di Desa Karyawangi Kecamatan Parongpong Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh data dan gambaran yang jelas mengenai karakteristik responden dan kualitas hidup responden. Terkait dengan kualitas hidup, World Health Organization (WHO) dalam Adi Fahrudin (2012) mendefinisikan “Quality of life atau kualitas hidup adalah sebagai persepsi individu dalam kehidupannya di masyarakat dalam konteks budaya dan sistem nilai yang ada yang terkait dengan tujuan, harapan, standar dan juga perhatian terhadap menikmati taraf hidup yang wajar”. Kualitas hidup dalam hal ini berkaitan dengan kesejahteraan sosial. Farquhar dalam Adi Fahrudin (2012:44) mengatakan bahwa “Kesejahteraan sosial juga selalu dikaitkan dengan konsep kualitas hidup (quality of life). Konsep kualitas hidup selalu digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan ‘kehidupan yang baik’...”. Aspek-aspek yang menggambarkan kualitas hidup menurut WHO diantaranya aspek kesehatan fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial dan lingkungan.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 157 KK. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 61 KK yang bekerja sebagai pemetik teh. Penarikan sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengenai kualitas hidup dilihat dari skor tiap aspeknya menunjukkan bahwa kualitas hidup keluarga pekerja pemetik teh berada pada kategori sedang atau cukup berkualitas. Namun, dari hasil analisis masalah dan analisis kebutuhan ditemukan beberapa masalah dan kebutuhan yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup keluarga pemetik teh, diantaranya kurangnya informasi yang didapat keluarga mengenai sistem sumber dan cara mengakses sistem sumber tersebut, serta minimnya pendapatan keluarga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarga. Permasalahan yang ditemukan seperti ini perlu adanya penyelesaian dan perhatian dari berbagai pihak khususnya masyarakat dan pemerintah setempat. Kata Kunci : Kualitas Hidup, Keluarga, Pekerja Pemetik teh
Estimation of vastus intermedius electromyography: Comparison of three methods and their impact on the knee isometric extension moment predicted by an EMG-Driven model
Authors: de Oliveira Viviane B. , de Oliveira Liliam F. , Menegaldo Luciano L. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: Estimations of deep muscles electromyography (EMG) with surface electrodes can be usually performed only indirectly. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of using different approaches for estimating vastus intermedius EMG on the moment sharing patterns among quadriceps femoris components (QF), obtained with an EMG-Driven model, as well as on the joint total moment estimation accuracy, by comparing the calculated knee moment with isometric dynamometer measurements. METHODS: Extensor knee moment and surface isometric EMGs from the four QF components were collected synchronously with knee moment from an isokinetic dynamometer, with the knee flexed at 80[Formula: see text] and moment level at 40% of the maximum. Neuromuscular excitations [Formula: see text] for each QF were derived from the EMGs. Three different estimates of vastus intermedius excitation [Formula: see text] were tested: (1) surface electrodes on the exposed portion of vastus intermedius; (2) average between vastus lateralis and vastus medialis; and (3) a regression equation to estimate VI EMG from the other QF components. RESULTS: No statistical differences were found among the relative moments, excitation signals, and estimation accuracy by using the three methods. CONCLUSIONS: The average between vastus lateralis and vastus medialis is the recommended choice for being the simplest one.
Increasing Diagnostic Accuracy of Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease by User-Independent, Web-Based Whole-Brain Volumetry
Authors: Hedderich Dennis M. , Spiro Judith E. , Goldhardt Oliver , Kaesmacher Johannes , Wiestler Benedikt , Yakushev Igor , Zimmer Claus , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Grimmer Timo 
Published: September 2018

Background: Volumetric quantification of structural MRI has been shown to increase the diagnostic accuracy of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); however, its implementation in clinical routine is usually technically difficult and time-consuming. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether volumetric information obtained from the free and easy-to-use online tool volBrain can improve correct identification of MCI patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to visual reading. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 27 patients with MCI due to AD (AD positive) as determined by biomarker information and 26 cognitively normal controls (CN). Three blinded readers, 2 radiologists and 1 clinical dementia expert, assessed the patients’ MRI regarding brain atrophy and probability of underlying AD two times, without and with supporting volumetric information from volBrain. To assess diagnostic accuracy of volBrain measures alone, a simple sum score based on basic volumetric measures was developed and tested. Results: Correct patient classification by readers 1, 2, and 3 without a volumetric report was 73.6%, 77.4%, and 83.0%. With a volumetric report, correct classification increased for the radiological readers to 77.4% and 81.1%, respectively and decreased to 77.4% for reader 3. Usage of the volumetric report alone yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy of 84.9%. Diagnostic confidence increased significantly for radiological readers. Conclusion: Volumetric information from volBrain increases the radiologist’s diagnostic performance and confidence in identifying MCI patients with AD. We propose that such tools may be implemented in the routine diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected AD.
Determination of platyphylline hydrotartrate by luminescence quenching of the complex yttrium (iii) with rutin
Authors: Beltyukova S. V. , Malinka O. V. 
Published: September 2018

Drugs used in the form of salts of organic bases are often determined by the anionic portion of these salts. Thus, titrimetric, spectrophotometric, electrochemical, chromatographic and luminescent methods of analysis are proposed for the determination of various tartrate-ion preparations.
The purpose of this study was to develop a method of luminescent determination of platyphylline hydrotartrate in dosage forms using a luminescent probe-yttrium complex (III) with rutin (Rut).
The luminescent determination of platyphylline hydrotartrate is offered to use a complex of yttrium (III)–rutin in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). It has been experimentally established that tartrate ions quench of luminescence intensity of the Y (III)–Rut complex in the presence of BSA. The spectral and luminescent properties of the Y (III)–Rut complex in the presence of BSA were studied. The luminescence spectrum of the Y (III)–Rut complex in the presence of BSA has a maximum at λ = 570 nm, in the presence of platyphylline hydrotartrate of luminescence intensity of the Y (III)–Rut complex decreases and the maximum luminescence shifts to the long wavelength region of the spectrum (λ = 590 nm). It was established that the maximum quenching effect of the luminescence intensity of the Y (III)–rutin complex in the presence of BSA could be observed at the pH 6.0–7.0, which was created in solution with the help of urotropine. It is known that the luminescence quenching may be caused by various processes, including reactions in the excited state, energy transfer, formation of complexes and collisional quenching. It can be assumed that the quenching effect of Y (III)–Rut complex due to the complexation reaction of Y (III) with platyphylline hydrotartrate, that leads to the destruction of the Y (III)–Rut complex. Luminescence quenching of the Y (III)–Rut complex in the presence of BSA by platyphylline hydrotartrate follows the Stern–Volmer relationship. The Stern–Volmer constant is 1 230 l/mol.
The luminescence method of the determination of platyphylline hydrotartrate in the dosage form (solution for injection) was developed. The received results were verified by method of spiked samples. The method is based on quenching of a rutin's molecular luminescence in the complex of the Y (III)–rutin by tartrate ions associated with the protonated form of platyphylline.
Proses Komunikasi Pemasaran Personal Selling (Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif pada Penjualan Produk Herbal Bio7 PT. Unimex Power Distributor Cabang Kuningan)
Authors: Bimantara Pandu 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

This research departs from the communication process used by PT. Unimex Power Distributor Kuningan branch in promoting Bio7 herbal products offered to consumers. Communication process used is by personal selling, where the sales process is done directly (face to face).
The purpose of this research are: 1) Understanding the stages of personal selling communication process conducted by sales in increasing customer loyalty to the sale of herbal products Bio7. 2) Understanding the media used by sales in promoting the sale of Bio7 herbal products. 3) Understanding the obstacles faced by sales in conducting personal selling communication process in selling Bio Seven herbal products. This research uses qualitative research method with approach or paradigm of constructivism. Based on the approach, then the analysis of the blade that the author uses is with case study techniques.
The results showed that (1) that the process of personal selling communications made by sales PT. Unimex Power Distributor Kuningan branch in product marketing is very important role to the success rate of product marketing. The results of the analysis of marketing promotion mix with personal selling to the level of sale of herbal products Bio7 showed very good achievement. (2) The marketing medium used by PT. Unimex Power Distributor Kuningan branch in marketing Bio7 herbal product is using radio media. With the reason radio became one of the agents as well as a single promotional media so that it can support to advertise the product. (3) In the implementation of a marketing activity, the company is often faced with internal and external problems, the barriers from the marketing mix of personal selling made by the sales to the consumers is very minimal promotion process in the marketing of products that have been offered. Keywords: Marketing Communication, Personal Selling, Communication Media
Impementasi CSR Melalui Program Donor Darah Oleh PT Indomarco Prismatama Cabang Cirebon
Authors: Machsunah Uun , Subhan Subhan 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang dilaksanakannya program donor darah oleh PT Indomarco Prismatama karena perwujudan misi, kewajiban perusahaan kepada Undang-undang, sebagai tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR) dan membantu masyarakat yang membutuhkan darah dan stok darah yang disalurkan ke PMI. Implementasi program donor darah mengimplemasikan kepedulian karyawan melalui teori Carl Weick pada kegiatan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Donor Darah oleh tim Public Relations(PR) dalam konteks hubungan komunitas ( Community Relations).
Kata-kata kunci: implementasi CSR, donor darah, PMI, tim PR, community relations
La incertidumbre en el aprendizaje, la relación actividad - aprendiz
Authors: Meza-Cano José Manuel , Miranda Díaz Germán Alejandro 
Published: September 2018

En palabras de Bauman (2007) se viven tiempos líquidos en los que la incertidumbre es la constante, esto quiere decir que tanto en la sociedad, y por lo tanto en el entorno educativo, se sabe que las estructuras que conocemos no perdurarán y por lo tanto no se consideran como un marco de referencia para la actividad humana y el desarrollo del individuo. A pesar de que la incertidumbre pareciera ser un problema, en realidad representa una oportunidad para el diseño educativo en la que se puede aprovechar el movimiento generado por las tensiones que provoca en un sistema de actividad o en un sistema cognitivo para orientar las resoluciones donde se oriente a una actividad expansiva del aprendizaje grupal o individual.
Phlegethon, a Nearby 75°-long Retrograde Stellar Stream
Authors: Ibata Rodrigo A. , Malhan Khyati , Martin Nicolas F. , Starkenburg Else 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery of a 75°-long stellar stream in the Gaia DR2 catalog, found using the new STREAMFINDER algorithm. The structure is probably the remnant of a now fully disrupted globular cluster, which lies ≈3.8 kpc away from the Sun in the direction of the Galactic bulge and possesses highly retrograde motion. We find that the system orbits close to the Galactic plane at Galactocentric distances between 4.9 kpc and 19.8 kpc. The discovery of this extended and extremely low surface brightness stream (Σ
G
∼ 34.3 mag arcsec−2), with a mass of only 2580 ± 140 M
⊙, demonstrates the power of the STREAMFINDER algorithm to detect even very nearby and ultra-faint structures. Due to its proximity and length, we expect that Phlegethon will be a very useful probe of the Galactic acceleration field.
The Redshift Dependence of the Radio Flux of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Their Host Galaxies
Authors: Zhang Z. B. , Chandra P. , Huang Y. F. , Li D. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Using multiwavelength observations of radio afterglows, we confirm the hypothesis that the flux density of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at a fixed observing frequency is invariable when the distance of the GRBs increases, which means the detection rate will be approximately independent of redshift. We study this behavior theoretically and find that it can be well explained by the standard forward shock model involving a thin shell expanding in either a homogeneous interstellar medium (ISM) or a wind environment. We also found that short GRBs and supernova-associated GRBs, which are at relatively smaller distances, marginally match the flux–redshift relationship and they could be outliers. We rule out the assumption that the medium density evolves with redshift as n ∝ (1 + z)4 from the current measurements of n and z for short and long GRBs. In addition, the possible dependence of host flux on the redshift is also investigated. We find that a similar redshift independence of the flux exists for host galaxies as well, which implies that the detection rate of radio hosts might also be independent of the redshift. It is also hinted that most radio hosts have spectral indices ranging from β

h
≃ −1 to 2.5 in statistics. Finally, we predict the detection rates of radio afterglows by next-generation radio telescopes such as the Five-hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) and the Square Kilometer Array (SKA).
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: Akpaki Roger 
Published: September 2018

Plusieurs communautés cohabitent, depuis des siècles, à Dassa-Zoumé au centre de la République du Bénin. La fête des Omojagun était une manifestation imposée par la communauté qui détenait le pouvoir politique et qui dominait les autres. L’administration coloniale profita des querelles entre les communautés et au sein des familles pour anéantir toute idée de valorisation des coutumes à travers de telles manifestations. Le régime dit révolutionnaire, instauré dans le pays en 1972, en fit autant dans le cadre de sa campagne contre la féodalité et les pratiques obscurantistes. Lorsque plus tard, l’atmosphère politique devient moins hostile aux coutumes, on parla de « revalorisation des traditions ». Entre temps, l’évolution des rapports entre les différents communautés, la modernité et d’autres influences extérieures ont largement modifié le contenu et la signification de cette fête.
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: ND. Tshingi Kueno 
Published: September 2018

Dans la ville coloniale de Léopoldville (Kinshasa), les Africains gardèrent certaines fêtes traditionnelles et adoptèrent également les cérémonies occidentales telles que le baptême et le mariage religieux. Les commémorations étaient inconnues dans l’Afrique traditionnelle. Initiées par la colonisation, elles portaient sur l’histoire de la métropole. Après l’indépendance, les nouveaux Etats africains commencèrent à célébrer leurs fêtes nationales. Les fêtes africaines et occidentales « africanisées » engendrèrent des activités lucratives dans l’habillement, dans la musique et dans le commerce de boissons alcooliques. Les rencontres de football entre les trois grandes équipes de Kinshasa devinrent des occasions de fête. Sous la règne de Mobutu, l’enrichissement illicite banalisa les fêtes. Le régime imposa ses commémorations. La nouvelle « ère démocratique » est encore à la recherche de ses dates mémorables. Malheureusement l’appauvrissement général de la population limite les envies de fêtes et les réjouissances quotidiennes à Kinshasa se sont réduites et ont perdu leur âme.
Fêtes urbaines en Afrique
Authors: Gondola Charles Didier 
Published: September 2018

Cet article a pour ambition d’explorer la fête, à Kinshasa et Brazzaville, non pas seulement comme lieu de sociabilité mais aussi comme espace de résistance et de subversion en situation coloniale. La fête se décline dans un temps contesté, le couvre feu ; elle se loge dans un espace symbolique et stratégique, le bar-dancing ; elle mobilise des acteurs subversifs, les « femmes libres » qui ont tout à gagner à renverser, le temps d’une fête, les structures verticales de la société diurne. La fête accomplit son cycle révolutionnaire en faisant contre-jour à la réalité. Elle symbolise cet « ailleurs » où tout devient possible et en même temps acceptable. Il faut une révolution pour accomplir la fête mais la fête est elle-même une révolution.