bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting the table for meat consumers: an international Delphi study on in vitro meat
Authors: Tiberius Victor , Borning Jenny , Seeler Sabrina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe growing global demand for meat is being thwarted by shrinking agricultural areas, and opposes efforts to mitigate methane emissions and to improve public health. Cultured meat could contribute to solve these problems, but will such meat be marketable, competitive, and accepted? Using the Delphi method, this study explored the potential development of cultured meat by 2027. Despite the acknowledged urgency to develop sustainable meat alternatives, participants doubt that challenges regarding mass production, production costs, and consumer acceptance will be overcome by 2027. Considering the noticeable impacts of global warming, further research and development as well as a change in consumer perceptions is inevitable.
Neonicotinoids and ectoparasitic mites synergistically impact honeybees
Authors: Straub Lars , Williams Geoffrey R. , Vidondo Beatriz , Khongphinitbunjong Kitiphong , Retschnig Gina , Schneeberger Annette , Chantawannakul Panuwan , Dietemann Vincent , Neumann Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Western honeybee, Apis mellifera, is the most important managed pollinator globally and has recently experienced unsustainably high colony losses. Synergistic interactions among stressors are believed to be primarily responsible. However, despite clear evidence of strong effect on honeybee longevity of widely-employed neonicotinoid insecticides and of the ubiquitous ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, no data exist to show synergistic effects between these two stressors. Even though neonicotinoids had no significant impact by themselves, we here show for the first time a synergistic time-lag interaction between mites and neonicotinoids that resulted in significantly reduced survival of long-lived winter honeybees. Even though these mites are potent vectors of viruses, the virus-insecticide interaction had no significant impact. The data suggest a previously overlooked mechanism possibly explaining recent unsustainably high losses of managed A. mellifera honeybee colonies in many regions of the world. Future mitigation efforts should concentrate on developing sustainable agro-ecosystem management schemes that incorporate reduced use of neonicotinoids and sustainable solutions for V. destructor mites.
Low dimensions electron localization in the beyond real space super cell approximation
Authors: Moradian Rostam , Moradian Sina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetal to insulator phase transition due to electron localization in disordered alloys (Anderson transition) and interacting electrons (Mott transition) systems is one of major problem in these fields. Multi site electron scattering is responsible for localization which can’t be seen by single site approximations such as coherent potential approximation (CPA) and dynamical mean field theory (DMFT). Here we develop a multi site technique to calculate multi site electron scattering for observation of phenomenons such as electron localization especially in low dimension systems. Our self-energy in first Brillouin zone (FBZ) is casual, in contrast to previous approximation fully crystal electron wave vector, q, dependent and continuous with respect to q. It recovers coherent potential approximation in the single site approximation and is exact when the number of sites in the super cell approaches to the total number of lattice sites. We illustrate that this approximation undertakes electrons localization for one and two dimensional alloy systems which isn’t observed by previous multi site approximations such as dynamical cluster approximation (DCA).
Computational identification of microbial phosphorylation sites by the enhanced characteristics of sequence information
Authors: Hasan Md. Mehedi , Rashid Md. Mamunur , Khatun Mst. Shamima , Kurata Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProtein phosphorylation on serine (S) and threonine (T) has emerged as a key device in the control of many biological processes. Recently phosphorylation in microbial organisms has attracted much attention for its critical roles in various cellular processes such as cell growth and cell division. Here a novel machine learning predictor, MPSite (Microbial Phosphorylation Site predictor), was developed to identify microbial phosphorylation sites using the enhanced characteristics of sequence features. The final feature vectors optimized via a Wilcoxon rank sum test. A random forest classifier was then trained using the optimum features to build the predictor. Benchmarking investigation using the 5-fold cross-validation and independent datasets test showed that the MPSite is able to achieve robust performance on the S- and T-phosphorylation site prediction. It also outperformed other existing methods on the comprehensive independent datasets. We anticipate that the MPSite is a powerful tool for proteome-wide prediction of microbial phosphorylation sites and facilitates hypothesis-driven functional interrogation of phosphorylation proteins. A web application with the curated datasets is freely available at http://kurata14.bio.kyutech.ac.jp/MPSite/.
Systematic assessment of prescribed medications and short-term risk of myocardial infarction – a pharmacopeia-wide association study from Norway and Sweden
Authors: Sen Abhijit , Vardaxis Ioannis , Lindqvist Bo Henry , Brumpton Ben Michael , Strand Linn Beate , Bakken Inger Johanne , Vatten Lars Johan , Romundstad Pål Richard , Ljung Rickard , Mukamal Kenneth Jay , Janszky Imre 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWholesale, unbiased assessment of Scandinavian electronic health-care databases offer a unique opportunity to reveal potentially important undiscovered drug side effects. We examined the short-term risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) associated with drugs prescribed in Norway or Sweden. We identified 24,584 and 97,068 AMI patients via the patient- and the cause-of-death registers and linked to prescription databases in Norway (2004–2014) and Sweden (2005–2014), respectively. A case-crossover design was used to compare the drugs dispensed 1–7 days before the date of AMI diagnosis with 15–21 days’ time -window for all the drug individually while controlling the receipt of other drugs. A BOLASSO approach was used to select drugs that acutely either increase or decrease the apparent risk of AMI. We found 48 drugs to be associated with AMI in both countries. Some antithrombotics, antibiotics, opioid analgesics, adrenergics, proton-pump inhibitors, nitroglycerin, diazepam, metoclopramide, acetylcysteine were associated with higher risk for AMI; whereas angiotensin-II-antagonists, calcium-channel blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors, allopurinol, mometasone, metformin, simvastatin, levothyroxine were inversely associated. The results were generally robust in different sensitivity analyses. This study confirms previous findings for certain drugs. Based on the known effects or indications, some other associations could be anticipated. However, inverse associations of hydroxocobalamin, levothyroxine and mometasone were unexpected and needs further investigation. This pharmacopeia-wide association study demonstrates the feasibility of a systematic, unbiased approach to pharmacological triggers of AMI and other diseases with acute, identifiable onsets.
Asynchronous non-invasive high-speed BCI speller with robust non-control state detection
Authors: Nagel Sebastian , Spüler Martin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBrain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) enable users to control a computer by using pure brain activity. Recent BCIs based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have shown to be suitable for high-speed communication. However, all recent high-speed BCIs are synchronous, which means that the system works with fixed time slots so that the user is not able to select a command at his own convenience, which poses a problem in real-world applications. In this paper, we present the first asynchronous high-speed BCI with robust distinction between intentional control (IC) and non-control (NC), with a nearly perfect NC state detection of only 0.075 erroneous classifications per minute. The resulting asynchronous speller achieved an average information transfer rate (ITR) of 122.7 bit/min using a 32 target matrix-keyboard. Since the method is based on random stimulation patterns it allows to use an arbitrary number of targets for any application purpose, which was shown by using an 55 target German QWERTZ-keyboard layout which allowed the participants to write an average of 16.1 (up to 30.7) correct case-sensitive letters per minute. As the presented system is the first asynchronous high-speed BCI speller with a robust non-control state detection, it is an important step for moving BCI applications out of the lab and into real-life.
Remote Tracking of Phase Changes in Cr2AlC Thin Films by In-situ Resistivity Measurements
Authors: Stelzer Bastian , Chen Xiang , Bliem Pascal , Hans Marcus , Völker Bernhard , Sahu Rajib , Scheu Christina , Primetzhofer Daniel , Schneider Jochen M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractResistivity changes of magnetron sputtered, amorphous Cr2AlC thin films were measured during heating in vacuum. Based on correlative X-ray diffraction, in-situ and ex-situ selected area electron diffraction measurements and differential scanning calorimetry data from literature it is evident that the resistivity changes at 552 ± 4 and 585 ± 13 °C indicate the phase transitions from amorphous to a hexagonal disordered solid solution structure and from the latter to MAX phase, respectively. We have shown that phase changes in Cr2AlC thin films can be revealed by in-situ measurements of thermally induced resistivity changes.
Mesoscale modelling of miscible and immiscible multicomponent fluids
Authors: Zhao Z. C. , Moat R. J. , Qin R. S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA mesoscopic simulation method based on the integration of dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and computational thermodynamics (CT) has been developed. The kinetic behaviours of miscible and immiscible fluids were investigated. The interaction force between multicomponent mesoscopic particles is derived from the system free energy. The diffusivity of the components in non-ideal solution is determined by the chemical potential. The proposed method provides convincing predictions to the effects of convection, diffusion and microscopic interaction on the non-equilibrium evolution of engineering fluids, and demonstrates a potential to simulate more complicated phenomena in materials processing.
Probing the 3D molecular and mineralogical heterogeneity in oil reservoir rocks at the pore scale
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme José Ramos , de Oliveira Paula Campos , Surmas Rodrigo , Ferreira Leandro de Paulo , Markötter Henning , Kardjilov Nikolay , Manke Ingo , Montoro Luciano Andrey , Isaac Augusta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInnovative solutions have been designed to meet the global demand for energy and environmental sustainability, such as enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and geo-sequestration of CO2. These processes involve the movement of immiscible fluids through permeable rocks, which is affected by the interfacial properties of rocks at the pore scale. Overcoming major challenges in these processes relies on a deeper understanding about the fundamental factors that control the rock wettability. In particular, the efficiency of oil recovery strategies depends largely on the 3D wetting pattern of reservoir rocks, which is in turn affected by the adsorption and deposition of ‘contaminant’ molecules on the pores’ surface. Here, we combined high-resolution neutron tomography (NT) and synchrotron X-ray tomography (XRT) to probe the previously unobserved 3D distribution of molecular and mineralogical heterogeneity of oil reservoir rocks at the pore scale. Retrieving the distribution of neutron attenuation coefficients by Monte Carlo simulations, 3D molecular chemical mappings with micrometer dimensions could be provided. This approach allows us to identify co-localization of mineral phases with chemically distinct hydrogen-containing molecules, providing a solid foundation for the understanding of the interfacial phenomena involved in multiphase fluid flow in permeable media.
RDI Calculator: An Analysis Tool to Assess RNA Distributions in Cells
Authors: Stueland Michael , Wang Tianhong , Park Hye Yoon , Mili Stavroula 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLocalization of RNAs to various subcellular destinations has emerged as a widely used mechanism that regulates a large proportion of transcripts in polarized cells. A number of methodologies have been developed that allow detection and imaging of RNAs at single-molecule resolution. However, methodologies to quantitatively describe RNA distributions are limited. Such approaches usually rely on the identification of cytoplasmic and nuclear boundaries which are used as reference points. Here, we describe an automated, interactive image analysis program that facilitates the accurate generation of cellular outlines from single cells and the subsequent calculation of metrics that quantify how a population of RNA molecules is distributed in the cell cytoplasm. We apply this analysis to mRNAs in mouse and human cells to demonstrate how these metrics can highlight differences in the distribution patterns of distinct RNA species. We further discuss considerations for the practical use of this tool. This program provides a way to facilitate and expedite the analysis of subcellular RNA localization for mechanistic and functional studies.
Sensitive detection of low-abundance in-frame deletions in EGFR exon 19 using novel wild-type blockers in real-time PCR
Authors: Ren Xiao-Dong , Liu Ding-Yuan , Guo Hai-Qin , Wang Liu , Zhao Na , Su Ning , Wei Kun , Ren Sai , Qu Xue-Mei , Dai Xiao-Tian , Huang Qing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with response of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the existing methods for detection of samples having rare mutations(i.e. ~0.01%) have limits in terms of specificity, time consumption or cost. In the current study, novel wild-type blocking (WTB) oligonucleotides modified with phosphorothioate or inverted dT at the 5′-termini were designed to precisely detect 11 common deletion mutations in exon 19 of EGFR gene (E19del) using a WTB-PCR assay. And internal competitive leptin amplifications were further applied to enhance the specificity of the WTB-PCR system. Our results showed that WTB-PCR could completely block amplification of wild-type EGFR when 200 ng of DNA was used as template. Furthermore, the current WTB-PCR assay facilitated the detection of E19del mutations with a selectivity of 0.01% and sensitivity as low as a single copy. And, the results showed that the current WTB-PCR system exceeded detection limits afforded by the ARMS-PCR assay. In conclusion, the current WTB-PCR strategy represents a simple and cost-effective method to precisely detect various low-abundance deletion mutations.
Molecular epidemiology, pathogenicity, and structural analysis of haemoglobin variants in the Yunnan province population of Southwestern China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Li Peng , Yang Yang , Yan Yuanlong , Zeng Xiaohong , Li Dongmei , Chen Hong , Su Jie , Zhu Baosheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAbnormal haemoglobin (Hb) variants result in the most commonly inherited disorders in humans worldwide. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology characteristics of Hb variants, along with associated structural and functional predictions in the Yunnan province population of Southwestern China. A total of 41,933 subjects who sought haemoglobinopathy screening were included. Based on bioinformatics and structural analysis, as well as protein modeling, the pathogenesis and type of Hb genetic mutations were characterized. Among all individuals studied, 328 cases (0.78%) were confirmed as carriers of Hb variants, with 13 cases (0.03%) presenting α-globin variants, 313 (0.75%) β-globin variants, and two δ-globin variants. A total of 19 different mutations were identified, including three novel mutations. In addition, 48 cases of ααCS mutations and 14 cases of Hb H or Hb Bart’s were found. The isoelectric point, evolutionary conservation, and genotype-phenotype correlation for these mutations were predicted. Additionally, secondary and tertiary protein structure modeling were performed for three selected mutations. In conclusion, the prevalence of Hb variants in the Yunnan population is much higher than other regions of China. Complete characterization of these Hb variants is essential for generating a rational strategy to control the haemoglobinopathies in this region.
Estimating the mass of CMEs from the analysis of EUV dimmings
Authors: López F. M. , Cremades H. , Balmaceda L. A. , Nuevo F. A. , Vásquez A. M. 
Published: June 2019

Context. Reliable estimates of the mass of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are required to quantify their energy and predict how they affect space weather. When a CME propagates near the observer’s line of sight, these tasks involve considerable errors, which motivated us to develop alternative means for estimating the CME mass.
Aims. We aim at further developing and testing a method that allows estimating the mass of CMEs that propagate approximately along the observer’s line of sight.
Methods. We analyzed the temporal evolution of the mass of 32 white-light CMEs propagating across heliocentric heights of 2.5–15 R⊙, in combination with that of the mass evacuated from the associated low coronal dimming regions. The mass of the white-light CMEs was determined through existing methods, while the mass evacuated by each CME in the low corona was estimated using a recently developed technique that analyzes the dimming in extreme-UV (EUV) images. The combined white-light and EUV analyses allow the quantification of an empirical function that describes the evolution of CME mass with height.
Results. The analysis of 32 events yielded reliable estimates of the masses of front-side CMEs. We quantified the success of the method by calculating the relative error with respect to the mass of CMEs determined from white-light STEREO data, where the CMEs propagate close to the plane of sky. The median for the relative error in absolute values is ≈30%; 75% of the events in our sample have an absolute relative error smaller than 51%. The sources of uncertainty include the lack of knowledge of piled-up material, subsequent additional mass supply from the dimming region, and limitations in the mass-loss estimation from EUV data. The proposed method does not rely on assumptions of CME size or distance to the observer’s plane of sky and is solely based on the determination of the mass that is evacuated in the low corona. It therefore represents a valuable tool for estimating the mass of Earth-directed events.
Was ist neu in der Diagnostik und Therapie der Hämoglobinopathien?
Authors: Cario Holger , Lobitz Stephan 
Published: June 2019

Therapie der Thalassämien 1. Schwere α-Thalassämie: Der intrauterine Beginn einer postnatal fortgeführten Transfusionstherapie (Alternative: postnatale allo-SZT) ermöglicht das Überleben mit Hb-Bart’s-Hydrops-fetalis-Syndrom. Einschränkend ist festzustellen, dass erhebliche Risiken sowohl für kindliche Fehlbildungen (skelettal, urogenital) als auch für maternale Komplikationen (z. B. Eklampsie) bestehen. 2. Gentherapie bei β-Thalassämie: Klinische Studien belegen den potenziellen Nutzen einer Gentherapie mit einem lentiviralen Vektor bei β-Thalassaemia major. Besonders erfolgreich ist die Therapie bisher bei mindestens einer β+-Mutation. Für den Erfolg der Gentherapie ist eine myeloablative Konditionierung erforderlich, die bisher mit Busulfan vorgenommen wird und das Nebenwirkungsprofil dominiert. 3. Medikamentöse Therapie bei β-Thalassämie: Die Medikamente Luspatercept und Sotatercept steigern die Effektivität der Erythropoese bei β-Thalassämie, mit dem Ergebnis einer wesentlichen Reduktion des Transfusionsbedarfs bei regelmäßig transfundierten Patienten sowie mit einem deutlichen Hämoglobinanstieg bei Thalassaemia intermedia. Mittelbar erfolgt damit auch eine Reduktion der Eisenüberladung.
Therapie der Sichelzellkrankheit Kurzfristig sind die Zulassungen folgender Substanzen zu erwarten:Zudem ist davon auszugehen, dass insbesondere die SZT von einem haploidenten Spender in naher Zukunft für wesentlich mehr Patienten eine gute Therapieoption sein wird.
Perspektiven für junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte in der Infektiologie
Authors: Raspe Matthias , Rolling Thierry , Leisse Charlotte , Fischer Julia , Lehmann Clara 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Infektiologie ist ein Querschnittsfach mit Verbindungen zu vielen medizinischen Disziplinen und bietet interessierten Ärztinnen und Ärzten eine Vielzahl von interessanten Betätigungsfeldern. Das Spektrum umfasst sowohl die ambulante und stationäre Patientenversorgung als auch grundlagenorientierte, klinische und epidemiologische Forschung. Der Bedarf an infektiologisch weitergebildeten Ärztinnen und Ärzten steigt, sodass die Berufsaussichten als sehr gut einzuschätzen sind. Die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie in der Infektiologie ist vergleichsweise günstig. Mit diesem Artikel wollen wir bei jungen Kolleginnen und Kollegen Interesse an diesem vielseitigen und spannenden Querschnittsbereich wecken und Berufsperspektiven aufzeigen. Daten aus einer Mitgliederbefragung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Infektiologie e. V. geben Einblicke, in welchen Bereichen und mit welchen Tätigkeitsschwerpunkten Infektiologen heute überwiegend tätig sind.
Hip and Pelvis Bone Tumors: Can You Make It Simple?
Authors: Afonso P. Diana , Weber Marc-André , Isaac Amanda , Bloem Johan L. 
Published: June 2019

Although it is possible for any osseous tumor or tumorlike lesion to occur in and around the hip and pelvis, there are preferential lesions. Most tumors share many imaging features with those arising elsewhere in the skeletal system, but some may show specific morphological and imaging features. Furthermore, specific criteria and rules of thumb are related to this anatomical area that radiologists should know, which together with the imaging findings and clinical context will lead to a more confident diagnosis.In this article we review the basic anatomical and imaging principles in the hip and pelvis and their diagnostic criteria, describe the most common regional benign and malignant bone tumors and pseudotumors, and highlight their main imaging features and common differential diagnosis while keep this article as relatively simple and straightforward as possible. Soft tissue tumors are beyond the scope of this article.
Renewable CO2recycling and synthetic fuel production in a marine environment
Authors: Patterson Bruce D. , Mo Frode , Borgschulte Andreas , Hillestad Magne , Joos Fortunat , Kristiansen Trygve , Sunde Svein , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. 
Published: June 2019

SignificanceHumankind must cease CO2emissions from fossil fuel burning if dangerous climate change is to be avoided. However, liquid carbon-based energy carriers are often without practical alternatives for vital mobility applications. The recycling of atmospheric CO2into synthetic fuels, using renewable energy, offers an energy concept with no net CO2emission. We propose to implement, on a large scale, marine-based artificial islands, on which solar or wind energy powers the production of hydrogen and the extraction of CO2from seawater and where these gases are catalytically reacted to yield liquid methanol fuel. The present work proposes specifications for such facilities and highlights essential challenges in physics, chemistry, and engineering which must be met to realize this ambitious proposal.