bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CgCLec-HTM–Mediated Signaling Pathway Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced CgIL-17 and CgTNF Production in Oyster
Authors: Sun Jiejie , Wang Lingling , Huang Mengmeng , Li Yinan , Wang Weilin , Song Linsheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The immune signaling pathway mediated by Dectin-1 is important in mammals to modulate the production of IL-17 and TNF-α. Recently, IL-17 and TNF have also been characterized in invertebrates to play crucial roles in antibacterial immune responses, although the immune recognition and regulation mechanisms to produce IL-17 and TNF are still not well investigated. In the current study, a novel C-type lectin receptor (named CgCLec-HTM) with a signal peptide, a carbohydrate recognition domain, a transmembrane domain, and a nonclassical ITAM (hemITAM) in the cytoplasmic tail was identified from oyster Crassostrea gigas. CgCLec-HTM could bind LPS and various bacteria. After binding to its ligands, CgCLec-HTM was associated with the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of spleen tyrosine kinase (CgSyk) by the hemITAM in its cytoplasmic tail to promote ERK (CgERK) phosphorylation. The activated CgERK could interact with CgRel to induce CgRel nuclear translocation. The CgRel in the nucleus eventually induced the transcription of CgIL-17s and CgTNF. The results demonstrated that CgCLec-HTM with a broad binding spectrum of bacteria could be associated with CgSyk to transfer immune signals into the intracellular ERK–Rel pathway to induce CgIL-17 and CgTNF production.
Shoulder Pain and Rotational Range of Motion of the Trunk, Shoulder, and Hip in Baseball Players
Authors: Kim Yeol-oh , Jo Yoon-ju , Kim Si-hyun , Park Kyue-nam 
Published: September 2019

ContextDeficient glenohumeral rotational range of motion (ROM) is a risk factor for shoulder pain. Adapted ROM of the trunk and hip in response to loss of glenohumeral ROM has been suggested, as the nature of baseball leads to ROM adaptations.ObjectiveTo compare the bilateral rotational ROM values of the trunk and glenohumeral and hip joints in adolescent baseball players with or without shoulder pain and to measure the correlation between shoulder-pain intensity and bilateral rotational ROM values for each body area.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingResearch laboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsNinety-five adolescent baseball players (60 with shoulder pain, 35 without shoulder pain).Main Outcome Measure(s)Bilateral trunk rotation and internal rotation, external rotation, and total rotation of the dominant and nondominant glenohumeral and hip joints.ResultsGlenohumeral and hip ROM did not differ between groups, and pain intensity and rotational ROM were not related in either joint. Trunk rotational ROM was greater in the pain group than in the control group (dominant side = 48.8° ± 14.2° versus 41.8° ± 11.9°, respectively; nondominant side = 45.1° ± 14.2° versus 38.9° ± 7.7°, respectively; P values &lt; .05), although the difference was clinically small (mean differences = 7.0° ± 2.7° [95% confidence interval = 1.7, 12.4] on the dominant side, P = .01, and 6.1° ± 2.7° [95% confidence interval = 0.8, 11.5] on the nondominant side, P = .03). Positive but low correlations in all players (ρ = 0.27, P = .01) and in those with shoulder pain (ρ = 0.36, P = .001) were present between shoulder-pain intensity and trunk rotational ROM toward the dominant side.ConclusionsWe found no clinical relationship between shoulder pain and rotational ROM and no clinical differences in rotational ROM values between players with and those without shoulder pain.
Lower Limb Dominance, Morphology, and Sonographic Abnormalities of the Patellar Tendon in Elite Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Benítez-Martínez Josep C. , Valera-Garrido Fermín , Martínez-Ramírez Pablo , Ríos-Díaz José , del Baño-Aledo María Elena , Medina-Mirapeix Francesc 
Published: September 2019

Context
Patellar tendinopathy is common in basketball players, and structural ultrasound abnormalities can be found in symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons. Lower limb dominance may also be a critical load factor, potentially leading to overloading of the patellar tendon.

Objective
To describe and compare the prevalence by lower limb dominance of patellar tendons with structural and vascular abnormalities and to describe the morphologic measures of tendons without abnormalities among adult male elite basketball players.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Medical center of a professional basketball team in the Spanish league.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 73 adult male elite basketball players (146 patellar tendons; age = 26.8 ± 4.9 years, height = 198.0 ± 0.1 cm, mass = 95.4 ± 11.4 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We used ultrasound to screen the patellar tendons for the presence of structural and vascular abnormalities. Tendons were categorized as abnormal if they demonstrated a focal area of hypoechogenicity, thickening, or neovascularization. We also examined the cross-sectional area and thickness of tendons without abnormalities. Prevalence and morphologic measures were compared by limb dominance.

Results
A total of 35 players (48%) had bilateral abnormalities, whereas 21 (28.7%) had unilateral abnormalities. Among the 91 abnormal tendons, 90 (61.6% of 146 tendons) exhibited a focal area of hypoechogenicity, 59 (40.4% of 146 tendons) exhibited thickening, and 14 (9.6% of 146 tendons) exhibited neovascularization. No group differences were detected between the dominant and nondominant limbs. Among the 55 normal patellar tendons, 34 were bilateral (from 17 players) and 21 were unilateral. Approximately 25% (n = 14) of all 55 normal tendons had a cross-sectional area that was greater than 182.8 mm2 and a thickness greater than 7.2 mm. Among the 34 bilateral normal tendons, no group differences were observed between the dominant and nondominant limbs for either cross-sectional area or thickness.

Conclusions
The prevalence of abnormal tendons was high among adult male elite basketball players, and bilateral presentations were more frequent. Structural abnormalities were most common.
Jogging and Practical-Duration Foam-Rolling Exercises and Range of Motion, Proprioception, and Vertical Jump in Athletes
Authors: Romero-Franco Natalia , Romero-Franco Javier , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro 
Published: September 2019

Context
Foam-rolling exercises are frequently included in warmups due to their benefits for increasing range of motion (ROM). However, their effects on proprioception and vertical jump have not been analyzed and therefore remain unclear. Moreover, the effects of performing practical-duration foam-rolling exercises after typical warmup exercises such as jogging are unknown.

Objective
To analyze the effects of jogging and practical-duration foam-rolling exercises on the ROM, knee proprioception, and vertical jump of athletes.

Design
Randomized controlled study.

Setting
Sports laboratory and university track.

Patients or Other Participants
Thirty athletes were randomly classified into an experimental group (EG) or control group (CG).

Intervention(s)
The EG performed 8-minute jogging and foam-rolling exercises. The CG performed 8-minute jogging.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Knee flexion, hip extension, active knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion (ADF), knee-joint position sense, and countermovement jump (CMJ) were evaluated before the intervention (baseline), after (post 0 min), and 10 minutes later.

Results
The EG exhibited higher values for ADF and CMJ at post 0 min (ADF: P &lt; .001, d = 0.88; CMJ: P &lt; .001, d = 0.52) and 10 minutes later (ADF: P = .014, d = 0.41; CMJ: P = .006, d = 0.22) compared with baseline. Although the CG also showed increased CMJ at post 0 min (P = .044, d = 0.21), the EG demonstrated a greater increase (P = .021, d = 0.97). No differences were found in the remaining ROM variables (knee flexion, hip extension, active knee extension: P values &gt; .05). For knee-joint position sense, no differences were found (P &gt; .05).

Conclusions
Combining jogging and practical-duration foam rolling may increase ADF and CMJ without affecting knee proprioception and hip or knee ROM. Jogging by itself may slightly increase ADF and CMJ, but the results were better and were maintained after 10 minutes when foam rolling was added.
La demanda del pueblo afrochileno por el reconocimiento: La construcción del derecho a la visibilidad estadística
Authors: Guerra Schleef Felipe Andrés , Büchner Ruiz Catalina 
Published: September 2019

Durante las últimas décadas, el pueblo afrochileno ha vivido procesos de
«etnificación» y politización de su identidad colectiva, los cuales se han expresado, entre
otras cosas, en su demanda por visibilidad estadística. Estos procesos se han repetido en
diversos países del continente americano, lo que ha abierto un espacio para el desarrollo
y la construcción de repertorios de acción de los movimientos sociales de afrodescendientes,
y ha venido acompañada del desarrollo y universalización de los derechos
económicos, sociales y culturales. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer y
examinar la demanda del pueblo afrochileno por ser incorporado en los censos de población
que organiza el Estado de Chile. Además, se analiza tanto el contenido como los
fundamentos de la demanda del pueblo afrochileno a partir del derecho internacional
de los derechos humanos, lo que permite la politización de su identidad étnica construida
en torno a la categoría de «pueblo tribal».
Acceso a la justicia como derecho en clave de género: Intersecciones entre los estándares internacionales y el rol de la justicia constitucional en casos de violencia contra las mujeres en Perú y Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Huaroto Beatriz May Ling 
Published: September 2019

El trabajo analiza la conceptualización del acceso a la justicia como un derecho, las implicancias de aplicar un enfoque de género para su comprensión, los estándares internacionales al respecto y el rol de la justicia constitucional para asegurar su vigencia a nivel interno. Para ello, se analizan recientes sentencias constitucionales peruanas y colombianas en casos de violencia contra las mujeres con el propósito de establecer si los procesos constitucionales, en ambos países, son una vía para el control a
nivel interno de los estándares internacionales de buena calidad en el derecho al acceso a la justicia en casos de violencia contra las mujeres.
¿Es necesario legislar sobre el uso del agua de mar y su desalinización? El marco jurídico actual de las aguas desaladas y el análisis de los proyectos de ley en curso
Authors: Plaza Reveco Rafael 
Published: September 2019

El diagnóstico de déficit hídrico actual y la previsión de una crisis hídrica de proporciones, particularmente en el norte de Chile, no sólo han puesto de relieve el uso prioritario del agua para consumo humano, sino también la desalinización como una opción para obtenerla; despertando iniciativas legales sobre la materia.
El presente artículo trata sobre el aprovechamiento del agua de mar en procesos productivos y la desalinización como fenómenos de alto impacto socio-económico para Chile; pero, asimismo, de insospechada relevancia en cuanto a la naturaleza jurídica de las aguas desaladas y en la clarificación del estatuto que permite su aprovechamiento actual.
Para ello, examina qué es la desalinización, su finalidad y funcionalidad, el objeto que se pretende regular y su marco jurídico actual, así como dos proyectos de ley refundidos y en actual tramitación sobre el uso de agua de mar en la gran minería y la obligación de desalinizar, examinando sus virtudes, vacíos, defectos e implicancias.
Todo, con la finalidad de responder si la desalinización requiere o no un marco normativo especial y esbozar la forma en que debería estructurarse su eventual regulación sustitutiva, incluyendo recomendaciones.
Aspectos relevantes relativos al acceso a la justicia ambiental en el ejercicio del reclamo del artículo 17 N° 8 de la Ley N° 20.600 en el contexto del SEIA
Authors: Poklepovic Iván 
Published: September 2019

La jurisprudencia de los Tribunales Ambientales y de la Corte Suprema se ha pronunciado sobre una serie de materias relevantes vinculadas al acceso a la justicia ambiental en relación al reclamo del artículo 17 N° 8 de la Ley N° 20.600 que demuestran las limitaciones y aperturas al derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva en el ejercicio de este reclamo jurisdiccional.
El presente artículo tiene por objeto exponer los aspectos relevantes en relación al ejercicio del reclamo del artículo 17 N° 8 de la Ley N° 20.600 que la jurisprudencia am-biental ha establecido a la fecha en el contexto del SEIA, y que han incidido en el acceso a la justicia ambiental de quienes han intentado valerse de esta acción jurisdiccional para invalidar una RCA.
Constitución y medio ambiente
Authors: Galdámez Zelada Liliana 
Published: September 2019

Este trabajo propone algunos contenidos básicos para la consagración de la dimensión ambiental en una futura Constitución para Chile. La propuesta se elabora analizando los antecedentes de la actual configuración del medio ambiente en la Constitución de 1980 y la jurisprudencia de los tribunales ordinarios en recursos de protección por vulneración del artículo 19 número 8, que desarrolla el contenido ambiental de la Constitución. Asimismo, se considerarán algunos criterios laborados por el Tribunal Constitucional en la materia. En la elaboración de la propuesta se tendrán también presentes diversos informes sobre el estado del medio ambiente en el país. Esta proposición se construye en base a elementos mínimos, no excluyentes de otras
recomendaciones.
La naturaleza, reglas y el principio de proporcionalidad como límite al establecimiento de exigencias en la calificación ambiental de proyectos
Authors: Sáez Astaburuaga Andrés 
Published: September 2019

El presente trabajo destaca las reglas tanto de la Ley 19.300 como del Reglamento del SEIA que rigen la imposición de exigencias o medidas al momento de calificar un proyecto en el SEIA. Dichas reglas permiten identificar al SEIA como un instrumento de naturaleza autorregulatoria, según la cual, el proponente de un proyecto deberá describir unilateralmente su proyecto, los impactos que éste genera y las medidas para abordarlos adecuadamente; para que luego sean los servicios públicos quienes verifiquen
técnicamente la idoneidad de la evaluación de impacto. Dichas reglas, naturaleza y principios en ocasiones no son considerados por la autoridad ambiental, despertando críticas al SEIA.
Los estándares interpretativos de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en materia de pena de muerte.
Authors: Basaure Miranda Isaac Marcelo 
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo se propone identificar los principales estándares
interpretativos aplicados por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en materia de
pena de muerte, para ello, se analizará la jurisprudencia que el órgano judicial ha dictado al
respecto; teniendo como marco normativo a la Convención Americana sobre Derechos
Humanos.
High-Grade Magnetite Mineralization at 1.86 Ga in Neoarchean Banded Iron Formations, Gongchangling, China: In Situ U-Pb Geochronology of Metamorphic-Hydrothermal Zircon and Monazite
Authors: Li Li-Xing , Zi Jian-Wei , Li Hou-Min , Rasmussen Birger , Wilde Simon A. , Sheppard Stephen , Ma Yu-Bo , Meng Jie , Song Zhe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Although less common than hematite ores, high-grade magnetite ores represent a distinct type of iron mineralization hosted by banded iron formations (BIFs). The Gongchangling iron deposit hosted in ~2.55 Ga BIFs in the North China craton represents one of the most economically important iron deposits in China. Located in mining area II, it is a high-grade (>50 wt % Fe) magnetite deposit and one of the largest of its type in the world. However, the lack of reliable age constraints on iron mineralization has hindered the testing of competing genetic models for the formation of the Gongchangling deposit. In situ U-Pb geochronology of monazite and zircon intergrown with garnet from the proximal alteration zone of a high-grade iron orebody yielded an age of 1.86 Ga, which represents the timing of formation of high-grade magnetite mineralization. This age is coeval with a tectonic extension event recorded in the northeastern North China craton. Our results preclude the previously suggested genetic link between high-grade magnetite mineralization and ~2.50 Ga regional metamorphism. Growth of authigenic monazite and zircon is likely related to the breakdown of detrital zircon, which has undergone metamictization. In combination with previously published data, we propose that the development of zoned alteration associated with the deposit, which is characterized by the garnet-amphibole-magnetite assemblage in the proximal zone changing to a chlorite-quartz–dominated assemblage in the distal zone, can be attributed to a gradual decrease in temperature from >550° to ~250°C and to alteration minerals forming from leaching of the BIFs instead of by replacement of the wall rocks. Magnetite mineralization was controlled by the well-developed faults that cut the BIFs and provided conduits for silica-undersaturated alkaline meteoric fluids. Fluid flow likely took place in an extensional tectonic regime, similar to that invoked elsewhere for hematite mineralization but at greater depths.
Petrogenesis of a Large-Scale Miocene Zeolite Tuff in the Eastern Slovak Republic: The Nižný Hrabovec Open-Pit Clinoptilolite Mine
Authors: Tschegg Cornelius , Rice A. Hugh N. , Grasemann Bernhard , Matiasek Elisabeth , Kobulej Pavel , Dzivák Martin , Berger Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOver 170,000 metric tonnes of high-grade clinoptilolite tuff were extracted from the open-pit mine in Nižný Hrabovec (eastern Slovak Republic) in 2018, making it one of the world’s major natural clinoptilolite producers. The mine is hosted in a Miocene volcanogenic-sedimentary deposit in the East Slovak basin, with estimated 150 million tonnes of clinoptilolite tuff—the economically most important reserve in the European Union. The 100-m-thick tuff horizon is under- and overlain by SW-dipping shallow-marine Badenian sediments (16.30–15.03 Ma ≅ Langhian stage). The tuff is rhyolitic (74.3–77.6 wt % SiO2, 4.09–5.49 wt % Na2O + K2O) with a generally high-K calc-alkaline affinity (3.07–4.28 wt % K2O), comparable to volcanic rocks in the central segment of the Carpathian-Pannonian region of similar age. Although some parts of the tuff underwent slight geochemical changes during formation, this did not significantly change the whole-rock composition of the strikingly homogeneous raw material present in the mine. Rare earth elements (ΣREE = 117–141 ppm) show a uniform pattern, with enriched light REEs and negative Eu anomalies of 0.42 to 0.6 (when normalized to chondrite), comparable to the upper continental crust composition. Mean 87Sr/86Sr = 0.70880 and 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512463 indicate an enriched magmatic source, with a dominant crustal contribution. X-ray diffraction data and electron probe microanalyses show that clinoptilolite-Ca is the only zeolite phase present in the deposit. High-resolution electron probe microanalytical imaging and measurement techniques reveal that clinoptilolite is present as (1) coarse patches that either form pseudomorphs of volcanic glass shards or grew in voids and (2) ultrafine material making up the matrix of the tuff. Both textural types have Si/Al >4, and their evolution is connected to dissolution-(transport)-precipitation reactions from acidic volcanic ash under alkaline fluid influence and slightly elevated pressure-temperature (44°–84°C) conditions. Authigenic cristobalite, detected as ultrafine-grained matrix crystallites, formed during the zeolitization process from excess Si. The large-scale, remarkably homogeneous and monomineralic natural zeolite deposit formed from a well-equilibrated magmatic source, with no syn- to postsedimentary reworking and with essentially isochemical conditions during the zeolitization process.
Focusing on reducing the earthquake damage to facade systems
Authors: Baird A. , Palermo A. , Pampanin S. , Riccio P. , Tasligedik A.S. 
Published: September 2019

Earthquake engineering is facing an extraordinarily challenging era. These challenges are driven by the increasing expectations of modern society to provide low-cost, architecturally appealing structures with high seismic performance. Modern structures need to be able to withstand a design level earthquake with limited or negligible damage such that disruption to business be minimised because of the economic consequences of such downtime.
Technological solutions for seismic resisting structural systems are emerging. However, within the goal of developing a seismic-resisting building, not only the structural skeleton of the building but the entire system must be fully protected from damage. This includes the non-structural components of the building such as the claddings, ceilings and contents. Substantial studies are still required to develop technological solutions and design methods capable of achieving such an earthquake resistance structure.
This paper presents a review of current technology for facades, including design guidelines for seismic-resistant non-structural components and the steps made towards a performance-based design framework. Alternative conceptual strategies and technical solutions to reduce the damage to non-structural elements will also be introduced.
In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Mannose/Glucose-binding Pterocarpus osun Craib. Seeds Lectin
Authors: Odekanyin Oludele O. , Akande Oluwatosin O. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study was carried out to purify and characterize a carbohydrate-binding and cell-agglutinating protein, lectin, from Pterocarpus osun seeds and also to evaluate its antioxidant and antibacterial potential.
Methods: Isolation and purification of the lectin were done by ammonium sulphate precipitation and size exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100. Physicochemical properties of the lectin were determined and antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition and ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay. A disc diffusion method was used for antibacterial effect.
Results: Lectin was detected in the seeds and was able to agglutinate native and enzyme-treated rabbit erythrocytes but only enzyme-treated erythrocytes of human blood were agglutinated. Mannose, Maltose and α-methylmannoside inhibited the divalent cation-independent hemagglutinating activity, which was stable up to 60°C and at pH range of 3-13. It showed antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1.17 ± 0.08, 0.58 ± 0.03, and 2.51 ± 0.03 mg/ml for those methods respectively. No antibacterial activity was observed.
Conclusion: Pterocarpus osun seeds lectin possess properties similar to other lectins from Dalbergieae tribe and its ability to scavenge free radical and inhibit lipid peroxidation show the presence of a valuable health promoting agent in the seeds.