bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kitoks požiūris į eilinį anglų skaitytoją: įvadas į auditorijų istoriją
Authors: Rose Jonathan 
Published: June 2018

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
As a genre, the working-class autobiography originates around 1800 – here too the reading revolution marked a watershad, when common readers began to write about themselves. And they are often wonderfully forthcoming about their reading experiences – not only what they read, but how they comprehended and reacted to their reading. These sources open up a new scholarly frontier. They will make possible a third generation of reading history – a historyof audiences, which would reverse the usual perspective of intellectual historiography. It would first define a mass audience, then determine its cultural diet, and ultimately measure the collective response of that audience not only to particular works of literature, but also to education, religion, art, and any other cultural activity. Whereas reception histories have generally traced the responses of professional intellectuals (literary and social critics, academics, clergymen),audience histories would focus on the common reader – defined as any reader who did not read books for a living. The British working-class reader happens to be my subject, but this essay offers general encouragement and advice for the study of common readers in all classes and all nations. It illustrates some of the questions a history of audiences could tackle, and points out the methodological problems it may involve.
Transformation of Digital Legal Deposit in Terms of Legislation and Public Access
Authors: Möldre Aile , Felt Kairi 
Published: June 2018

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
The article treats the development of commercial e-book publishing in Estonia from the publishers’ perspective. The data is collected by surveys and interviews carried out among publishers in 2016. The results reveal that the main hindrances like the limited size of the Estonian-language e-book market, the readers’ preference for printed books as well as nonprofitability of e-books had remained the same compared to the study by Helen Reiser from 2011. The availability and affordability of different reading devices, on the contrary, had ceased to be a barrier to e-book production according to the publishers’ perceptions. The publishers value their first experiences with e-books and wish to secure their image ase-book publishers, although they do not predict a rapid increase in the production. Perceptions of the e-book market drivers and barriers of the Estonian publishers are similar to the attitudes of publishers from other small-language markets like Sweden, Lithuania and Croatia.
Post hepatectomy hypophosphatemia and its association with initial liver insufficiency and morbidity
Authors: C. S. Sushrutha , H. G. Venugopal , B. N. Vinay , S. N. Balakrishna , M. C. Shilpa , O. Sathish , Babu Raghavendra , K. V. Ashok Kumar , N. S. Nagesh 
Published: June 2018

Background: Hypophosphatemia after liver resection is a frequent issue, only a small subset of patient requires correction. This group of patients associated with morbidity was evaluated.Methods: Liver resections were retrospectively analysed between Jan 2015 and March 2018. We evaluated the association of hypophosphatemia (defined as serum phosphate <2mg/dl) and the occurrence of initial liver insufficiency (ILI) [ Elevation of total bilirubin above 2mg/dl above the preoperative values and INR more than 1.7]. Any association of hypophosphatemia with post-operative major morbidity (Clavien Dind0 grade 3 and 4 complications) was also studied.Results: A total of 86 patients were analysed during the study period, 28 patients were excluded as per the exclusion criteria and 58 patients were included in the study. Majority of the patients in our study populations were above 60yrs of age with male preponderance. Hepatocellular carcinoma was the frequent indication for surgery. Significant hypophosphatemia was seen in 15 patients reaching nadir values on Post-operative day 3. Clavien Dindo Grade- 3,4 complications was seen in 7 patients and 8 patients had Initial liver insufficiency.Conclusions: This study tried to evaluate only the subset of patients who had significant hypophosphatemia who required replacement with initial liver insufficiency and morbidity. We have found association of hypophosphatemia with initial liver insufficiency and morbidity. Hence, authors advocate early identification and correction to avoid possible complications.
Organizational Factors as Predictors of Knowledge Management Practices in Federal University Libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Cyprian Ifeanyi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Objective – University libraries in Nigeria are facing challenges arising from poor funding, increasing user demands, and a competitive information environment. Knowledge management has been accepted by information professionals as a viable management tool, but issues surrounding its application require empirical investigation. The aim of this study is to determine the organizational factors that are correlates and predictors of knowledge management practices in federal university libraries in Nigeria.
Methods – The study was based on a correlational research design. Twenty heads of university libraries in Nigeria responded to a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher. The questionnaire was validated by experts and its internal reliability was 0.78 obtained through Cronbach’s alpha procedures. The data collected were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, and regression analysis.
Results – The study found that management support and collaboration were the most significant predictors of knowledge management practices in federal university libraries in Nigeria. Even though human resources policy and rewards systems had positive correlations with knowledge management practices, their correlation coefficients were not significant.
Conclusion – The success of knowledge management in university libraries in Nigeria depends on some contextual factors such as the support given by the management staff and the extent of collaboration among staff.
Older Adults’ Internet Use Is Varied, Suggesting the Need for Targeted Rather Than Broadly Focused Outreach
Authors: Glusker Ann 
Published: June 2018

A Review of:
van Boekel, L.C., Peek, S. T., & Luijkx, K.G. (2017). Diversity in older adults’ use of the Internet: Identifying subgroups through latent class analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(5:e180), 1-10. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6853
Abstract
Objective – To determine the amount and types of variation in Internet use among older adults, and to test its relationship to social and health factors.
Design – Representative longitudinal survey panel of households
Setting – The Netherlands
Subjects – A panel with 1,418 members who were over 65 years of age had answered the survey questionnaire that included Internet use questions, and who reported access to and use of the Internet.
Methods – Using information about the Internet activities the respondents reported, the authors conducted latent class analysis and extracted a best-fitting model including four clusters of respondent Internet use types. The four groups were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared using ANOVA and chi-square tests. Analysis and comparisons were conducted both between groups, and on the relationship of the groups with a range of social and health variables.
Main Results – The four clusters identified included: 1) practical users using the Internet for practical purposes such as financial transactions; 2) social users using the Internet for activities such as social media and gaming; 3) minimizers, who spent the least time on the Internet and were the oldest group; and 4) maximizers, who used the Internet for the widest range of purposes, for the most time, and who were the youngest group. Once the clusters were delineated, social and health factors were examined (specifically social and emotional loneliness, psychological well-being, and two activities of daily living (ADL) measures). There were significant differences between groups, but the effect sizes were small. Practical users had higher psychological well-being, whereas minimizers had the lowest scores related to ADLs and overall health (however, they were also the oldest group).
Conclusions – The establishment of four clusters of Internet use types demonstrates that older adults are not homogeneous in their Internet practices. However, there were no marked findings showing differences between the clusters in social and health-related variables (the minimizers reported lower health status, but they were also the oldest group). Nevertheless, the finding of Internet use heterogeneity is an important one for those who wish to connect with older adults through Internet-based programming. The different patterns evidenced in each cluster will require differing outreach strategies. It also highlights the need for ongoing longitudinal research, to determine whether those who are currently younger and more technologically savvy will age into similar patterns that these authors found, or whether a new set of older adult Internet use profiles will emerge as younger generations with more Internet experience and affinity become older.
Design of the Hotel Monitoring System for the Image and Video Collection
Authors: Pengfei Wang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
With the more attention of the security of the hotels, an effective hotel monitoring system was required. Based on the Samsung S3C2440, the proposed system uses the Linux system to accomplish the intelligent video surveillance. Using the image acquisition process and the embedded BOA server, designed an intelligent video image acquisition system. The system capturing image by the USB camera and building an embedded Web server, which complete the image acquisition, image processing, and the image transmission function. It can see the acquire result on to the LAN at the PC via the webpage. It could complete the function of image acquisition, image processing, image transmission, the realization of ultimate in local area net PC through a Web view the result.
Design of Pellet Recycle Scraper System in Sand-Blasting Chamber
Authors: Wang Baoli , Wang Junli , Zhipeng Zhao 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In the process of industrial sand-blasting, it is necessary to recycle the pellet. In order to solve the existing problems such as high cost, vulnerability, maintenance difficulty and low recycle efficiency in pneumatic recycling system and mechanical recycling system of pellet, we designed a trapezoidal scraper recycle system of pellet which powered by the cylinder and controlled by PLC to realize the pellet collection. The core component of the system is the scraper mechanical structure which mainly composed of scraper, scraper cylinder, baffle, scraper frame, bearing. This design has the advantages such as simple structure, resistant to breakdown, easy dismantlement. By installing pneumatic valve on the cylinder, the sand scraping speed can be adjusted. The trapezoidal scraper pellet recycling system efficiency is much higher after the contrast experiments between trapezoidal scraper and mechanical screw conveyor of the original equipment.
High nitrite concentration accelerates nitrite oxidising organism's death
Authors: Liu Bing , Terashima Mitsuharu , Quan Nguyen Truong , Ha Nguyen Thi , Van Chieu Le , Goel Rajeev , Yasui Hidenari 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
High nitrite is a known operation parameter to inhibit the biological oxidation of nitrite to nitrate. The phenomenon is traditionally expressed using a Monod-type equation with non-competitive inhibition, in which the reaction associated with the biomass growth is reduced when high nitrite is present. On the other hand, very high nitrite is also known to slay nitrifiers. To clarify the difference between the growth inhibition and the poisoning, cell counting for living microorganisms in the nitrite oxidiser-enriched activated sludge was conducted in batch conditions under various nitrite concentrations together with measurements of biomass chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration and oxygen uptake rate. The experiments demonstrated that these measureable parameters were all decayed when nitrite concentration exceeded 100–500 mgN/L at pH 7.0 in the system, indicating that nitrite poisoning took place. Biomass growth was recognised in lower range of nitrite which was expressed with growth inhibition only. Based on the response, a kinetic model for the biological nitrite oxidation was developed with a modification of IWA ASM1. The model was further utilised to calculate a possibility to wash out nitrite oxidiser in the aeration tank where a part of the return activated sludge was exposed to high nitrite liquor in a side-stream partial nitritation reactor.
Estrategias de judo, una visión al sector empresarial de la construcción
Authors: Córdova José Fernando 
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo analizó los factores determinantes en la consecución de rendimientos o beneficios de las empresas constructoras en el Ecuador según su tamaño. Se busca dar un soporte a la idea de que empresas constructoras pequeñas pueden obtener rendimientos considerablemente buenos frente a empresas constructoras ya consolidadas en el sector, rebatiendo así la efectividad de las economías de escala y de reducción de costos como objetivos perseguidos por el gerente constructor. La investigación de tipo exploratorio presenta resultados explicados mediante las estrategias de, que demuestran la obtención de una posición competitiva basada en la flexibilidad empresarial.
Dinero Electrónico en el Ecuador ¿Solución para el país en época de crisis?
Authors: Zevallos Sheila Karina , Idrovo Wilson Christian 
Published: June 2018

La implementación de un Sistema de Dinero Electrónico (SDE), anunciada por el gobierno ecuatoriano en época de crisis, como oportunidad para la población, en especial para quienes pertenecen a las zonas marginales, de ingresar al sistema financiero nacional, estaría respaldada por una cuenta en el Banco Central del Ecuador (BCE) por dólar depositado de dinero físico, de manera que dispongan de dólares en un monedero electrónico y puedan realizar pagos utilizando su teléfono celular. Esta iniciativa del Estado pretende fortalecer la inclusión financiera afectada por la No bancarización, mejorando la economía del país vía circulación más dinámica del dinero. ¿Será éste el principal objetivo del Estado al implementar el sistema? ¿Representa el Dinero Electrónico la solución para salir de la crisis actual del Ecuador? ¿Tendrá el éxito esperado? ¿Desaparecerá definitivamente el dinero físico? Estas y más interrogantes, se perciben actualmente en la mayoría de los ecuatorianos que conocen del tema y en aquellos que no están bien informados todavía, pero que serían los beneficiarios. El artículo presenta una reflexión sobre esta la incertidumbre que supone una propuesta que es una realidad cada vez más cercana, en el entorno incierto y riesgoso característico en las finanzas y en la que todos los ecuatorianos se verán involucrados en algún momento, sin poder predecir con exactitud el dilema introducido en este horizonte.
Social Networks and Civic Mobilizations (Portugal, 2012)
Authors: Babo Isabel , Silva Célia Taborda 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In Portugal, in 2012, the movement “To hell with troika! We want our lives!” emerged from digital social networks and with demonstration on the street on September 15. This social movement has patented new forms of public mobilization and protest motivated by citizens' dissatisfaction with the austerity measures of the Portuguese government, but it is part of the line of protest that has been taking place at the international level. Social networks were used to trigger mobilization, but the protest did not dispense with the traditional forms of expression in the public space, such as gatherings in the squares, rallies, marches and posters. Using a corpus taken from the written press, the event was analyzed using a theoretical and conceptual framework of theories of public space, social movements, and social networks. In this article we intend to reflect on the current protest movements, social networks and collective action, at a time when activism is exercised in electronic connections and in the street. Through this movement we aim to question whether we are facing new configurations of mobilization, visibility, public action and the creation of a common space, and / or if we are facing a continuity of the traditional social movement with the incorporation of new "repertoires of action".
City: Melting Locus and Cross-Cultural Difference Versus Rural (The Case of Tirana after the 90s)
Authors: Rusta Ana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
After the 1990s, with the recognition of a number of rights denied during the communist regime, such as free movement, there was a large movement of internal migration from rural areas to large urban areas, especially towards the city of Tirana. A number of factors, mainly economic and social factors, favored this massive population movement from rural areas to urban areas. Almost complete disintegration of the economic base in rural areas, as well as infrastructure shortages, have pushed large numbers of population into urban areas, especially towards the periphery, across migration flows. On the other hand, enormous rural migration not only redefined the physical boundaries of the city but also produced new social and economic forms. As a result of interaction and confrontation of the social and cultural mentalities between rural and urban population (the case of Tirana) emerged several phenomena that created a clear demarcation area under the cultural and social aspects, as well as semi-rural or semiurban hybrid interaction. In this perspective, this essay attempts to use a multidisciplinary approach to explain the general factors of this massive internal migration but also some aspects of the newly-formed landscape of social and cultural mentalities after this migration. As a result of this cultural interaction, we attempt to understand the reality of various subcultures in the city of Tirana and social behaviors in order to clarify the effects of this process regarding the dilemma on the ruralization of the urban or urbanization of the rural population.
Spectrum of ocular malignant tumors in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Kafle Santosh Upadhyaya , Khadka Dinesh , Karki Smriti , Lavaju Poonam 
Published: June 2018

Introductions: The pattern of ocular malignant tumors in institutes of Eastern Nepal was analyzed by a retrospective study. Ocular malignant tumors are relatively rare compared to other eye lesions, and require immediate diagnosis and management. Ignorance or unawareness can result into debility, loss of vision, and even death. This study provides spectrum of ocular malignant tumor correlating its pathological and clinical findings.Methods: This cross sectional study includes ninety-six cases of ocular malignant tumors diagnosed in the department of pathology from January 2005 to December 2009. Relevant history, clinical findings and light microscopic findings were reviewed. Descriptive analysis was done.Results: A total of 96 patient’s records were studied. Age ranged between 1-90 years. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Retinoblastoma was found in 34.5%, basal cell carcinoma in (18%), squamous cell carcinoma in 14.5% and malignant melanoma in 10.5%.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and management help to reduce debility and loss of vision in the patients as well as help ophthalmologist in shaping the strategy for diagnosis and management of malignant neoplasm. This help in decreasing morbidity and mortality of the patient. Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016. page: 15-17
Heat Treatment of Sintered Steels – what is different?*
Authors: Danninger H. , Dlapka M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Powder metallurgy ferrous precision parts are employed in numerous industrial sectors. In case of high mechanical loading, as e. g. in automotive applications, heat treatment is frequently required after the press-and-sinter manufacturing. Here the specific features of PM parts have to be considered, in particular the presence of open and/or graded porosity. In the present study it is shown that processes such as sinter hardening, low pressure carburizing and plasma nitriding are particularly suited for sintered parts since the problems usually caused by the porosity can largely be avoided. By appropriate selection of the alloying system combined with optimum sintering and heat treatment, components can be obtained that are competitive to parts machined from wrought steels but offer additional benefits such as attractive NVH (noise-vibration-harshness) behavior.
Measuring the Value of the Hubble Constant “à la Refsdal”
Authors: Grillo C. , Rosati P. , Suyu S. H. , Balestra I. , Caminha G. B. , Halkola A. , Kelly P. L. , Lombardi M. , Mercurio A. , Rodney S. A. , Treu T. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Realizing Refsdal’s original idea from 1964, we present estimates of the Hubble constant that are complementary to, and potentially competitive with, those of other cosmological probes. We use the observed positions of 89 multiple images, with extensive spectroscopic information, from 28 background sources and the measured time delays between the images S1–S4 and SX of supernova “Refsdal” (z = 1.489), which were obtained thanks to Hubble Space Telescope deep imaging and Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer data. We extend the strong-lensing modeling of the Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy cluster MACS J1149.5+2223 (z = 0.542), published by Grillo et al. (2016), and explore different ΛCDM models. Taking advantage of the lensing information associated to the presence of very close pairs of multiple images at various redshifts, and to the extended surface brightness distribution of the SN Refsdal host, we can reconstruct the total mass-density profile of the cluster very precisely. The combined dependence of the multiple-image positions and time delays on the cosmological parameters allows us to infer the values of H
0 and Ωm with relative (1σ) statistical errors of, respectively, 6% (7%) and 31% (26%) in flat (general) cosmological models, assuming a conservative 3% uncertainty on the final time delay of image SX and, remarkably, no priors from other cosmological experiments. Our best estimate of H
0, based on the model described in this work, will be presented when the final time-delay measurement becomes available. Our results show that it is possible to utilize time delays in lens galaxy clusters as an important alternative tool for measuring the expansion rate and the geometry of the universe.