bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verbal stimuli allow for symmetrical S-R priming effects between size and space
Authors: Richter Melanie , Wühr Peter 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe spatial-size association of response codes (SSARC) effect refers to the observation that left responses are faster and more accurate to small stimuli whereas right responses are faster and more accurate to large stimuli, as compared to the reverse assignment. The underlying spatial-size associations are strongly asymmetrical with physical size/location stimuli and vocal location/size responses and allow for regular but not reciprocal SSARC effects. Recent evidence, however, points towards an important role of stimulus mode in the emergence of reciprocal compatibility effects. We investigated the reciprocity of the SSARC effect with a different stimulus mode, namely with verbal size/location stimuli and vocal responses. In a size-location task, participants vocally responded to the words “small” or “large” by saying “left” or “right” according to a compatible (“small”-“left”/“large”-“right”) or an incompatible mapping (“small”-“right”/“large”-“left”). In a location-size task, participants vocally responded to the words “left” or “right” by saying “small” or “large” according to a compatible (“left”-“small”/“right”-“large”) or an incompatible (“left”-“large”/“right”-“small”) mapping. We observed a regular and a reciprocal SSARC effect of similar size indicating symmetrical spatial-size associations. While regular SSARC effects thus emerge with verbal and physical size stimuli, reciprocal SSARC effects only emerge with verbal but not with physical location stimuli and vocal responses. Theoretical accounts of the SSARC effect differ in whether they predict reciprocal effects and whether they can account for the effect of stimulus mode on the reciprocal SSARC effect.
Reducing competition between msd and genomic DNA improves retron editing efficiency
Authors: Ni Yuyang , Wang Yifei , Shi Xinyu , Yu Fan , Ruan Qingmin , Tian Na , He Jin , Wang Xun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRetrons, found in bacteria and used for defense against phages, generate a unique molecule known as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA). This msDNA mimics Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, making it a promising tool for targeted gene editing in prokaryotes. However, existing retron systems often exhibit suboptimal editing efficiency. Here, we identify the msd gene in Escherichia coli, which encodes the noncoding RNA template for msDNA synthesis and carries the homologous sequence of the target gene to be edited, as a critical bottleneck. Sequence homology causes the msDNA to bind to the msd gene, thereby reducing its efficiency in editing the target gene. To address this issue, we engineer a retron system that tailors msDNA to the leading strand of the plasmid containing the msd gene. This strategy minimizes msd gene editing and reduces competition with target genes, significantly increasing msDNA availability. Our optimized system achieves very high retron editing efficiency, enhancing performance and expanding the potential for in vivo techniques that rely on homologous DNA synthesis.
Optimization algorithm of UAV‐assisted federated learning resources based on wireless energy harvesting
Authors: Yuan Youhan , Zhu Qi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFederated learning (FL) enhances data privacy and security by enabling multiple terminals to collaboratively train a global model without transferring data to a central location. To tackle the challenges of limited terrestrial communication resources and device energy in FL, a UAV‐assisted federated learning and energy collection resource optimization algorithm is proposed. This algorithm harvests the working energy of FL terminals from radio frequency signals transmitted by the UAV via wireless energy collection. Considering energy causality and limited resources, we formulate a problem aimed at minimizing the completion time of FL training tasks. As this problem is NP‐hard, we initially employ a greedy algorithm to optimize the UAV's position, then decompose it into three sub‐problems: computing resources, power control, and bandwidth allocation. We derive and establish the optimization objective function for computing resources as convex, obtaining the expression for optimal computing resources. The Brent algorithm, based on golden section interpolation, iteratively solves the power distribution sub‐problem, while the Lagrange‐quasi‐Newton algorithm optimizes bandwidth allocation for each user. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces training completion time while maintaining training quality.
A lightweight MMC topology with recombined half‐bridge submodules for DC fault ride‐through
Authors: Xu Yutao , Tan Zhukui , Li Jikai , Feng Qihui , Wu Zhuang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe lightweight of modular multilevel converter (MMC) and the DC faults ride‐through ability are main challenges for MMC‐high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. By introducing the concept of time‐division multiplexing, an arm multiplexing MMC (AM‐MMC) topology with high utilization of submodules is presented to reduce the weight and volume of MMC. In order to block the DC side fault current, this paper proposes a novel submodule in AM‐MMC, instead of using full‐bridge submodules. The proposed recombined half‐bridge submodules of AM‐MMC (RHAM‐MMC) contains four half‐bridge submodules and an IGBT with reverse parallel diodes. The topology and operating principle of RHAM‐MMC are introduced in detail. The time‐division multiplexing of middle arms between upper and lower arms is achieved by introducing arm selection switches. Thus, a new type of arm switch and switching method is designed based on the switch state. The DC faults ride‐through strategy is carried out based on its DC fault characteristic analysis. In addition, the economy analysis is conducted on the switching loss and operating loss of RHAM‐MMC. Compared with the fault ride‐through capability of other sub‐modules (SMs), RHAM‐MMC performs better in terms of investment cost and device losses. The simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink reveal that RHAM‐MMC can achieve the DC side fault ride‐through and show effectiveness of the DC fault ride‐through control strategy.
Impact of solar-wind turbulence on a planetary bow shock
Authors: Behar E. , Pucci F. , Simon Wedlund C. , Henri P. , Ballerini G. , Preisser L. , Califano F. 
Published: November 2024

Context. The interaction of the solar-wind plasma with a magnetized planet generates a bow-shaped shock ahead of the wind. Over recent decades, near-Earth spacecraft observations have provided insights into the physics of the bow shock, and the findings suggest that solar-wind intrinsic turbulence influences the bow shock dynamics. On the other hand, theoretical studies, primarily based on global numerical simulations, have not yet investigated the global three-dimensional (3D) interaction between a turbulent solar wind and a planetary magnetosphere. This paper addresses this gap for the first time by presenting an investigation of the global dynamics of this interaction that provides new perspectives on the underlying physical processes.
Aims. We use the newly developed numerical code MENURA to examine how the turbulent nature of the solar wind influences the 3D structure and dynamics of magnetized planetary environments, such as those of Mercury, Earth, and magnetized Earth-like exoplanets.
Methods. We used the hybrid particle-in-cell code MENURA to conduct 3D simulations of the turbulent solar wind and its interaction with an Earth-like magnetized planet through global numerical simulations of the magnetosphere and its surroundings. MENURA runs in parallel on graphics processing units, enabling efficient and self-consistent modeling of turbulence.
Results. By comparison with a case in which the solar wind is laminar, we show that solar-wind turbulence globally influences the shape and dynamics of the bow shock, the magnetosheath structures, and the ion foreshock dynamics. Also, a turbulent solar wind disrupts the coherence of foreshock fluctuations, induces large fluctuations on the quasi-perpendicular surface of the bow shock, facilitates the formation of bubble-like structures near the nose of the bow shock, and modifies the properties of the magnetosheath region.
Conclusions. The turbulent nature of the solar wind impacts the 3D shape and dynamics of the bow shock, magnetosheath, and ion foreshock region. This influence should be taken into account when studying solar-wind-planet interactions in both observations and simulations. We discuss the relevance of our findings for current and future missions launched into the heliosphere.
Nested active regions anchor the heliospheric current sheet and stall the reversal of the coronal magnetic field
Authors: Finley A. J. 
Published: November 2024

Context. During the solar cycle, the Sun’s magnetic field polarity reverses due to the emergence, cancellation, and advection of magnetic flux towards the rotational poles. Flux emergence events occasionally cluster together, although it is unclear if this is due to the underlying solar dynamo or simply by chance.
Aims. Regardless of the cause, we aim to characterise how the reversal of the Sun’s magnetic field and the structure of the solar corona are influenced by nested flux emergence.
Methods. From the spherical harmonic decomposition of the Sun’s photospheric magnetic field, we identified times when the reversal of the dipole component stalls for several solar rotations. Using observations from sunspot cycle 23 to present, we located the nested active regions responsible for each stalling and explored their impact on the coronal magnetic field using potential field source surface extrapolations.
Results. Nested flux emergence has a more significant impact on the topology of the coronal magnetic field than isolated emergences as it produces a coherent (low spherical harmonic order) contribution to the photospheric magnetic field. The heliospheric current sheet, which separates oppositely directed coronal magnetic fields, can become anchored above nested active regions due to the formation of strong opposing magnetic fluxes. Further flux emergence, cancellation, differential rotation, and diffusion, then effectively advects the heliospheric current sheet and shifts the dipole axis.
Conclusions. Nested flux emergence can restrict the evolution of the heliospheric current sheet and impede the reversal of the coronal magnetic field. The sources of the solar wind can be more consistently identified around nested active regions because the magnetic field topology remains self-similar for multiple solar rotations. This highlights the importance of identifying and tracking nested active regions to guide the remote-sensing observations of modern heliophysics missions.
High-resolution HI mapping of nearby extremely metal-poor blue compact dwarf galaxies
Authors: Scott Tom C. , Brinks Elias , Sengupta Chandreyee , Lagos Patricio 
Published: November 2024

Aims. Optical observations of blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs) show they typically have high specific star formation rates (sSFRs) and low metallicites. A subset of these galaxies (those with the lowest gas phase metallicities) display cometary optical morphologies similar to those found at high redshift. Whether this combination of properties predominantly arises from interactions with neighbours or via accretion from the cosmic web, or is indeed due to something else, remains unclear. Our aim is to use high-resolution H I mapping to gain insights into the processes driving the observed properties of a sample of extremely metal-poor (XMP) BCDs.
Methods. We present Very Large Array B– and C–configuration H I mapping of the four BCDs of our sample. For three of the targeted BCDs, we also detected and mapped the H I in their nearby companions.
Results. In these three cases, there is H I morphological and kinematic evidence of a recent flyby interaction between the BCD and a nearby companion galaxy. The H I evidence for recent interactions for these three BCDs is corroborated by our analysis of the tidal forces exerted on the BCDs by companions with available spectroscopic redshifts. In one of these cases, J0204–1009, we obtain sufficient spatial resolution to determine that the BCD is dominated by dark matter (DM) and estimate its DM halo mass to be in the range of 1.2 × 1011 to 5.2 × 1011 M⊙. However, it is the most isolated BCD in our small sample, J0301–0052, that shows one of the most asymmetric H I morphologies. J0301–0052 has a similar cometary H I morphology to its optical morphology, although the H I column density maximum is projected at the end of the optical tail.
Conclusion. Our H I observations suggest that J0301–0052 may be undergoing a merger, while the other members of our BCD sample show evidence of a recent tidal interaction with a near neighbour. While our selection criteria favour BCDs with companions, our results are consistent with previous literature showing that most BCDs are associated with either mild tidal interactions or mergers.
Wie sieht eine ideale Tagesstätte aus? Die Nutzenden-Perspektive auf
tagesstrukturierende Angebote für Menschen mit psychischen
Erkrankungen
Authors: Mötteli Sonja , Adamus Christine , Sutor Kim , Schärer Daniel , Richter Dirk 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Tagesstätten für Menschen mit psychischen Beeinträchtigungen sind
weit verbreitet. Dennoch gibt es nur wenige Studien über ihre Nutzung und
Wirksamkeit. Diese Arbeit untersucht, wie eine ideale Tagesstätte aus Sicht der
Nutzenden aussehen sollte.
Methodik Es wurden 6 leitfadengestützte Fokusgruppen mit 4–8 Nutzenden
durchgeführt. Die Diskussionen wurden wörtlich transkribiert und mittels
qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Es nahmen 36 Personen teil (67% Frauen, 20–62 Jahre). Die
Tagesstätten erfüllten 5 Funktionen: Psychische Gesundheit verbessern,
Gemeinschaft erleben, Tagesstruktur erhalten, sinnvolle Beschäftigung und Aufbau
der Arbeitsfähigkeit. Die Ergebnisse zeigten wichtige Aspekte der Organisation,
der aktuellen und gewünschten Aktivitäten und der Unterstützung.
Schlussfolgerung Tagesstätten werden als elementarer Bestandteil der
intermediären psychiatrischen Versorgung betrachtet. Die Nutzenden haben klare
Vorstellungen davon, wie Tagesstätten ihre soziale und berufliche Rehabilitation
unterstützen können.
Unexpected Findings of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Prenatal Screening of Chromosome Abnormality Based on Cell-Free Fetal DNA
Authors: Zhao Ganye , Liu Lina , Shi Panlai , Gu Mingxin , Yang Shaozhe , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aims to assess the feasibility of detecting and diagnosing Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) during prenatal screening for chromosome abnormalities using cell-free fetal DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples of pregnant women.
Study Design Two pregnant women identified as high risk through noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) underwent amniocentesis to obtain fetal cells. Subsequent fetal chromosomal karyotyping was conducted, and genomic DNA from fetal cells was extracted for copy number variation sequencing (CNV-Seq) analysis, complemented by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to detect deletions or duplications within the DMD gene.
Results NIPT results for the two samples indicated potential abnormalities involving chromosomes 21 and 18. However, karyotype analysis of the fetuses revealed no abnormalities. CNV-Seq identified deletions of 0.28 and 0.18 Mb within chromosome Xp21.1, encompassing the DMD gene, in each fetus. In family 1, MLPA results indicated a maternal heterozygous deletion spanning exons 12 to 41 in the DMD gene, while the fetus exhibited deletions in exons 12 to 41. In family 2, MLPA results confirmed normal DMD gene status in the pregnant woman's peripheral blood genomic DNA but revealed a fetal deletion spanning exons 48 to 52. Both fetuses were diagnosed with DMD and subsequently underwent termination.
Conclusion Abnormalities identified through NIPT necessitate further invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures. For cases involving chromosomal microdeletions or microduplications, a combination of karyotyping and CNV-Seq testing is essential for comprehensive diagnosis. NIPT followed by CNV-Seq may offer insights into large exon deletions within the DMD gene in specific instances.
Key Points
Effects of Neoadjuvant Radiation and Recipient Vessel Characteristics on Microvascular Complication Rates in Reconstruction of Lower Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma Defects
Authors: Farmer Rebecca L. , Easton Justin , Sanchez Ruston , Emanuelli Elisa , Mah Eldon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background The treatment approach for soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the lower extremity has shifted toward the use of neoadjuvant radiation combined with limb-sparing surgery (LSS). The resulting defects often require reconstruction with free tissue transfer for adequate outcomes. Data have demonstrated a potentially increased risk of microvascular complications for free flaps performed using irradiated recipient vessels. Similarly, certain anatomic areas of the lower extremity have a high proportion of unnamed perforators that are available as recipient vessels, increasing the technical difficulty. We aimed to determine if the characteristics of recipient vessels that were used for the reconstruction of STS defects influenced rates of microvascular complications in our patients.
Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent reconstruction of lower extremity STS defects with free tissue transfer from 2009 to 2020 was conducted. Data regarding recipient vessel type (axial vessel vs. unnamed perforator), radiation status of the recipient vessels (irradiated vs. non-irradiated), and microvascular complications were compared across groups.
Results A total of 204 free flaps were included. The overall microvascular complication rate was 13.7% (28 cases). Most microvascular complications were detected postoperatively (82.1%) rather than intraoperatively, with the majority involving venous congestion/thrombosis (20 cases, 71.4%). While there was a trend toward increased microvascular complications with the use of irradiated recipient vessels (27 cases, 96.4%), this did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.98, p = 0.52). The use of perforating branches as recipient vessels did not confer an increased risk of microvascular complications (OR = 0.87, p = 0.75).
Conclusion The reconstruction of irradiated lower-extremity STS defects represents a particularly challenging issue. This analysis demonstrates that free tissue transfer can be safely performed using irradiated vessels without a significantly increased risk of microvascular complications. Furthermore, unnamed perforating branches can be successfully used for reconstruction in anatomically challenging areas of the lower extremity.
Coexistence of obesity and unhealthy cardiorespiratory fitness in a
cohort of boys
Authors: Nassis George P. , Figueiredo Pedro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine: 1) the coexistence of excessive body
weight and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), at a level to be considered
unhealthy, and 2) the stability (tracking) of this profile. 1754 European boys,
aged 8- to 14-years old, were tested for CRF and based on international cut
points were classified as having healthy (H) or unhealthy (UN) CRF. Based on BMI
they were classified as having normal weight (N), or overweight or obesity (OO).
Chi-square was performed with four groups (i.e. N/H, N/UN, OO/H and OO/UN) and
the odds ratios were calculated (cross-sectional analysis). A sub-group of 353
boys were followed for an average of 3.79±0.83 years (range: 2.97− 6.06;
longitudinal analysis). The odds that a boy was with OO/UN profile compared to
the normal body weight category ranged from 2.67 (13-years old) to 6.74 (9-years
old). 56.6% of the participants remained in the same category, whereas 28.0% of
them had ≥1 change in category to worst in the second assessment (Cohen Kappa=
0.557, p<0.001; substantial agreement). The odds ratios of having boys with
unhealthy profile of combined excessive body weight and low CRF ranged from
medium to large. The stability of unhealthy profile was substantial.
Extracts of Drynariae Rhizoma Promote Bone Formation in OVX Rats through Modulating the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Lin Qing , Ouyang Xinchen , Pan Qi , Huang Jiajia , Zhang Zhifen , Yang Yumei , Wang Haoyu , Yang Li , Zhu Xiaofeng , Li Xiaoyun , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDrynariae Rhizoma has been commonly used as a preventive and therapeutic agent for bone diseases. However, its pharmacological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of Drynariae Rhizoma in a bilateral ovariectomized rat model and explore the correlation with gut microbiome. We established an ovariectomized rat model, which we treated with different doses of Drynariae Rhizoma (Drynariae Rhizoma-Low, 0.27 g/kg/day; Drynariae Rhizoma-Middle, 0.81 g/kg/day; Drynariae Rhizoma-High, 2.43 g/kg/day) through intragastric administration for 12 weeks. Results showed that Drynariae Rhizoma alleviated body weight, moderated bone microstructure, and promoted the expression of bone formation-related factors in ovariectomized rats, in which Drynariae Rhizoma-High showed the most significant effects among the three doses. Furthermore, the effects of Drynariae Rhizoma on promoting bone formation were correlated to the changes in microbial
richness and the restorations of several genera, among which Ruminiclostridium and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_007 were positively correlated with the bone formation-related factors, and both were enriched in the Drynariae Rhizoma-High group as biomarkers. Moreover, CMP-legionaminate biosynthesis I might be a crucial pathway of Drynariae Rhizoma to regulate gut microbiota. The content of serum short-chain fatty acids in the ovariectomized rats were regulated by Drynariae Rhizoma. Our results demonstrate that Drynariae Rhizoma promotes bone formation in ovariectomized rats, and is related to the regulation of the gut microbiota structure.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Brief Overview
Authors: Gamret A. Caresse , Roberts Jared E. , Srivastava Divya , Nijhawan Rajiv I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a tissue-sparing skin cancer resection technique that involves 100% margin analysis. This procedure is performed in the outpatient setting under local anesthesia by dermatologic surgeons who act as both the surgeon and the pathologist. The technique allows for prompt reconstruction immediately after cancer clearance and offers the highest cure rate for many skin malignancies, including basal and squamous cell carcinoma, as well as more rare tumors. Mohs surgery effectively ensures cancer clearance while minimizing defect size and optimizing cosmetic and functional outcomes for patients. Herein we will discuss the evolution, procedure, and indications of MMS.
Facial Reconstruction: The Nuances of Managing Undesirable Results
Authors: McAllister Lauren , Thornton James F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven the visibility of the face and the importance of its cosmesis, undesirable results following facial reconstruction present significant challenges for both the patient and the surgeon. Intraoperative measures and postoperative management can ameliorate some unfavorable outcomes, but others may require more extensive intervention. Approaching undesirable results with a frank assessment followed by shared decision-making not only improves outcomes but is also essential for patient satisfaction.