bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing Middle Ear Dysfunction in 10- to 16-Month-Old Infants Using Wideband Absorbance: An Ordinal Prediction Model
Authors: Myers Joshua , Kei Joseph , Aithal Sreedevi , Aithal Venkatesh , Driscoll Carlie , Khan Asaduzzaman , Manuel Alehandrea , Joseph Anjali , Malicka Alicja N. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The aim of this study was to develop an ordinal prediction model for diagnosing middle ear dysfunction in 10- to 16-month-old infants using wideband absorbance.

Method

Wideband absorbance, tympanometry, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured in 358 ears of 186 infants aged 10–16 months (
M
age
= 12 months). An ordinal reference standard (normal, mild, and severe middle ear dysfunction) was created from the tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission results. Absorbance from 1000 to 5657 Hz was used to model the probability of middle ear dysfunction with ordinal logistic regression. Model performance was evaluated using measures of discrimination (
c
-index) and calibration (calibration curves). Performance measures were adjusted for overfitting (bias) using bootstrap resampling. Probabilistic and simplified methods for interpreting the model are presented. The probabilistic method displays the probability of ≥ mild and ≥ severe middle ear dysfunction, and the simplified method presents the condition with the highest probability as the most likely diagnosis (normal, mild, or severe middle ear dysfunction).

Results

The
c
-index of the fitted model was 0.919 (0.914 after correction for bias), and calibration was satisfactory for both the mild and severe middle ear conditions. The model performed well for the probabilistic method of interpretation, and the simplified (most likely diagnosis) method was accurate for normal and severe cases but diagnosed some cases with mild middle ear dysfunction as normal.

Conclusions
The model may be clinically useful, and either the probabilistic or simplified paradigm of interpretation could be applied, depending on the context. In situations where the main goal is to identify severe middle ear dysfunction and ease of interpretation is highly valued, the simplified interpretation may be preferable (e.g., in a screening clinic that may not be concerned about missing some mild cases). In a diagnostic clinical environment, however, it may be beneficial to use the probabilistic method of interpretation.
What Mothers Do After Infants Vocalize: Implications for Vocal Development or Word Learning?
Authors: Fagan Mary K. , Doveikis Kate N. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe goal of this study was to analyze verbal and nonverbal maternal response types following infant vocalizations in younger (ages 4–8 months) versus older (ages 10–14 months) infant groups and their potential implications for infant vocal development or word learning.MethodMaternal response types that occurred within 3 s of infant vocalizations were examined in this cross-sectional study of naturalistic interactions in 35 mother–infant dyads. Response types were defined as vocally responsive to infant vocalizations (i.e., responsive vocal behaviors), not responsive to infant vocalizations directly (nonresponsive vocal behaviors), and silences. Mothers' nonverbal actions associated with each response type were also examined. Subcategories of these verbal and nonverbal response types were examined in relation to infant age group.ResultsThe occurrence of responsive and nonresponsive verbal subcategory types differed by infant age group. When verbally responsive to infant vocalizations, mothers commented on younger infants' vowel and consonant–vowel vocalizations, but with older infants, mothers identified or named the referents of their vocalizations. When nonresponsive to vocalizations directly, mothers commented on younger infants' activities but redirected older infants' behaviors or commented on their movements. Silence after infant vocalizations was infrequent. Mothers' nonverbal actions associated with each response type were primarily object related and did not differ by age group.ConclusionsEvaluating response type subcategories by age group indicated mothers did not respond differentially (verbally or nonverbally) to vowel or consonant–vowel vocalizations. Overall, the results suggest mothers' verbal and nonverbal response types may be more likely to facilitate word learning than vocal development.
Lingual Pressure Dysfunction Contributes to Reduced Swallowing-Related Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Pitts Laura L. , Kanadet Rene M. , Hamilton Valerie K. , Crimmins Sarah K. , Cherney Leora R. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeDysphagia in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major cause of depression and reduced quality of life (QOL). PD-related dysphagia often involves lingual dysfunction and weak pressure generation. The relation of disordered lingual pressure generation to swallowing-related QOL in persons with PD remains unknown.MethodTwenty-four persons with idiopathic PD completed the Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire and an evaluation of anterior and posterior tongue strength. Peak pressures were compared to age- and sex-matched controls. The magnitude of and latency to peak pressure were explored in relation to SWAL-QOL scores.ResultsPersons with PD exhibited significant anterior (p= .019) but not posterior (p= .081) lingual weakness compared to controls. Persons with PD and reduced anterior tongue strength (< 42 kPa) reported lower SWAL-QOL total (p= .043), extended eating durations (p= .025), and a reduced desire to eat (p= .020). Prolonged latency to peak anterior pressure in PD inversely correlated with SWAL-QOL total (r= −.750,p< .001) and served as a significant, independent predictor of 67% of the variance in SWAL-QOL total when controlling for age, sex, and disease stage.ConclusionOverall, SWAL-QOL scores declined in the presence of lingual pressure dysfunction. Lingual weakness and prolonged pressure building patterns secondary to PD, especially of the anterior tongue, may represent clinically relevant disruptions to mealtime behaviors that undermine swallowing-related QOL. These preliminary findings support further investigation of lingual pressure patterns in PD to help identify debilitating dysphagia and develop treatment strategies.
Die Phänomenologie des Vergiftungswahns bei Menschen mit paranoider Schizophrenie
Authors: Rössler Vera , Walter Maria Hildegard , Richter Rainer 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Ziel der Studie war es, den Vergiftungswahn bei Personen mit paranoider Schizophrenie zu untersuchen. Konkret wurde analysiert, wie häufig der Vergiftungswahn vorkommt, wie der Vergiftungswahn inhaltlich ausgestaltet ist und inwieweit sich Frauen und Männer hinsichtlich des Vergiftungswahns unterscheiden.
Methodik & Stichprobe: Die Daten wurden retrospektiv in zwei Einrichtungen der Psychiatrie in Deutschland erhoben. Ausgangsmaterial waren die Krankenakten aller Personen, die zwischen 2010 und 2014 aufgrund einer paranoiden Schizophrenie in einer der beiden Einrichtungen stationär behandelt wurden. Die Stichprobe umfasste 156 Personen (96 Frauen, 60 Männer) mit der Diagnose einer paranoiden Schizophrenie, bei denen eine Vergiftungswahnsymptomatik vorlag.
Ergebnisse: Beim Vergiftungswahn handelte es sich um ein häufig vorkommendes Wahnthema, von dem Frauen signifikant häufiger als Männer betroffen waren. Des Weiteren wiesen Frauen zusätzlich zum Vergiftungswahn signifikant häufiger einen Beeinträchtigungs- und Verfolgungswahn auf. Insgesamt berichteten Menschen mit Vergiftungswahn häufig eine Vergiftung durch nahestehende Angehörige oder durch das Gesundheitspersonal. Meist wähnten die Betroffenen, über die Medikation, die Nahrung oder Getränke vergiftet zu werden.
Closure of Lateral Duodenal Wall Perforation using Over-the-Scope Clip
Authors: Singla Vikas , Daswani Ravi , Anikhindi Shrihari Anil , Kumar Ashish , Sharma Praveen , Bansal Naresh , Arora Anil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLateral duodenal wall perforation occurring during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) due to scope trauma is large and usually treated by surgery. With advances in endoscopic instrumentation, interest in treating these complications using endoscopic devices has increased. Over-the-scope clip (OTSC) which has higher compression force and can approximate large perforations is being increasingly used for the closure of gastrointestinal fistulae and perforations. We recently used OTSC for treating duodenal perforations which occurred during ERCP in two elderly patients. Both these patients had comorbid conditions and were high risk for surgery. Perforations were immediately identified during endoscopy and were closed with OTSC. Both patients had uneventful further course and were discharged successfully. These cases highlight the usefulness of OTSC for the management of endoscopic duodenal perforations.
Needle-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: A New Promising Armamentarium for Diagnostic Endoscopic Ultrasound
Authors: Shah Jimil , Rana Surinder S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWith increasing use of cross-sectional imaging in diagnosis of various diseases, incidence of asymptomatic pancreatic cyst has increased dramatically in last decade. In management of such asymptomatic pancreatic cyst differentiation of pre-malignant cyst and benign cyst remains an utmost important parameter. Though various endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) criteria have been developed, differentiation between these two entities still remains a challenge in many patients. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) has shown promising results in diagnosis of various gastrointestinal cancers and colonic polyps. However, CLE criteria have not been prospectively validated in asymptomatic pancreatic cyst to differentiate premalignant vs benign cysts. Similarly, CLE criteria are also not defined for diagnosis of various gastric sub-epithelial lesions. In this news and views we have discussed two important articles regarding role of needle based CLE (nCLE) in these lesions. While one is a multicentric trial which prospectively validates previously defined nCLE criteria for characterizing pancreatic cystic lesion, second developed criteria for diagnosis of various gastric subepithelial lesions based on nCLE findings.
A Prospective Study Evaluating the Etiologic Spectrum in Patients with Dysphagia in Coastal Odisha Using Clinical Features and Endoscopy
Authors: Panigrahi Subhendu , Khatua Chitta Ranjan , Mishra Debakanta , Parida Prasanta Kumar , Singh Shivaram Prasad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: There is scarcity of data on the etiological spectrum of dysphagia from India. The study was conducted to determine the etiological spectrum of dysphagia in coastal Odisha.
Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with dysphagia to the gastroenterology outpatient department in 2017 were studied. Patients were evaluated with meticulous history, clinical examination, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and chest X-ray. Barium study and endoscopic biopsy were done when necessary.
Results: Of 216 consecutive patients, 122 (56.48%) were male and 94 (43.52%) were female with a mean age of 42.3 ± 17.4 years. The common etiologies were benign stricture in 68 (31.48%) and esophageal carcinoma in 51 (23.62%). Other etiologies included achalasia cardia in 11 (5.09%), esophageal candidiasis in 10 (4.63%), pharyngeal cancer in 4 (1.85%), and esophageal web in 3 (1.39%). In 63 (29.17%) cases, no etiology was detected. Most of the benign strictures were due to corrosive injury in 48 (70.59%); other causes included peptic stricture (8, 11.76%), postsurgery (4, 5.88%), sclerotherapy-induced stricture (2, 2.94%), and pill-induced stricture (2, 2.94%); in 4 (5.88%) cases, the cause of stricture was not known. The most common cause of corrosive injury was acid injury in 38 (79.17%), followed by alkali injury in 4 (8.34%). In 6 (12.5%) cases, the nature of corrosive was not known. Most of the corrosive injuries were due to suicidal intake.
Conclusion: In this study, the most common cause of dysphagia was benign corrosive stricture due to suicidal intake of corrosives. Esophageal carcinoma, achalasia cardia, and esophageal candidiasis were other significant etiologies. Uncommon causes of dysphagia included esophageal web, pharyngeal cancer, and reflux esophagitis.
Understanding the Implications of the Meniscal Ossicle: Patient Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes
Authors: Bernard Christopher D. , McGauvran Adam M. , Desai Vishal S. , Frick Matthew A. , Tiegs-Heiden Christin , Camp Christopher L. A. , Krych Aaron J. , Collins Mark S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe meniscal ossicle is observed in clinical practice, yet there currently is limited information on its potential clinical significance. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and clinical treatment and outcomes of a series of patients identified as having a meniscal ossicle. An institutional database was reviewed to identify knees with a meniscal ossicle. Clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), treatment, and outcomes were analyzed. Radiographs were graded using Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) scores. MRIs were reviewed for the presence and location of meniscal ossicles and additional knee pathology. Knee arthroplasty rates were recorded with the remaining patients contacted to obtain final International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Tegner's scores. Failure was defined as conversion to arthroplasty or failing IKDC score (< 75.4). Forty-five meniscal ossicles in 45 patients (26 males and 19 females) with a mean age of 51 years (standard deviation [SD] = 19.0) were included. Pain was the most common presenting symptom (89%). Forty-two patients (93%) had an associated meniscus root tear on MRI. Eighteen percent of patients that did not have an ossicle on initial imaging subsequently developed an ossicle. Mean KL grades progressed significantly from baseline of 1.84 (SD = 1.0) to 2.55 (SD = 0.93 p < 0.01) on final follow-up. Thirty-nine percent of baseline radiographs showed KL grades of less than 2 compared with only 15% of follow-up radiographs (p = 0.04). Mean IKDC score obtained for patients ≤ 60 at an average follow-up of 3.1 years (SD = 3.2) was 65.2 (SD = 19.0). Eight out of 45 patients (18%) had progressed to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by latest available follow-up. Sixty-two percent of patients met failure criteria at latest available follow-up. The meniscal ossicle is most commonly found in the posterior horn or root of the medial meniscus and is highly suggestive to be sequelae of a posterior root tear. Therefore, the presence of a meniscal ossicle should alert the orthopaedic surgeon to the high likelihood of the patient having a meniscus root tear. These patients have shown to have poor clinical outcomes and worsening arthritis.
Successful Treatment of Recurrent Thrombosis Associated with Malignancy with Apixaban and Follow-up for 1 Year
Authors: Boey Timothy , Sule Ashita Ashish , Sule Ashish Anil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis case report aims to highlight a successful example of using novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), such as apixaban, to prevent recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with solid-organ malignancy, as an alternative to low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Discussed is the case of a 67-year-old woman diagnosed with recurrent thrombosis in the upper-right limb and malignancy of right breast with metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes. Over a follow-up period of more than 1 year, there was no recurrence of VTE and D-dimer decreased, illuminating the possibility of apixaban as an alternative form of treatment for recurrent VTE in patients with malignancy. This appears to be one of the first case reports in Singapore.
A general framework for quantitatively assessing ecological stochasticity
Authors: Ning Daliang , Deng Ye , Tiedje James M. , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: August 2019

Significance
An ecological community is a dynamic complex system with a myriad of interacting species, which are controlled by various scale-dependent deterministic and stochastic forces. With rapid advances in genomics technologies, categorizing biological diversity, particularly microbial diversity, becomes relatively easy, but the great challenge is to disentangle the mechanisms controlling biological diversity. The general null model-based framework developed in this study provides an effective and robust tool to ecologists for quantitatively assessing ecological stochasticity. By highlighting the caveats such as model selection, similarity metrics, and spatial scales, this study provides guidance for appropriate use of null model-based approaches for examining community assembly processes. Although this framework was tested with microbial data, it should also be applicable to plant and animal ecology.
Traduire le Voyage comme acte politique
Authors: Haugen Marius Warholm 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article studies the discourse in the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century French periodical press on the topic of translations of travel writing. It reveals that travel reviews were arenas for discussing the political and ideological value of translating travelogues into French, notably from English. In the context of the Franco-British conflicts at the turn of the century, the French press perceived translations of British travel writing as potential patriotic tools that allowed different ways of countering or subverting British global influence. Paratextual elements of translations, the translator’s prefaces and notes, appeared to be particularly important in this respect. By analysing the periodical discourse on travel book translations, the article shows how travel writing was constructed as a politically invested genre.
Measurement of the tilt angle of turbulent structures in magnetically confined plasmas using Doppler reflectometry
Authors: Pinzón J R , Estrada T , Happel T , Hennequin P , Blanco E , Stroth U 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The mean tilt angle of turbulent structures is a key element for describing the turbulence and its interplay with plasma flows in magnetically confined plasmas. It is a quantity predicted by theories and gyrokinetic simulations, which can provide information on the type of the dominant micro-instability, and also on the turbulence anisotropy induced by sheared flows. A new method for measuring the tilt angle of turbulent structures using Doppler reflectometry has been recently introduced (Pinzón et al 2019 Nucl. Fusion
59 074002). It is based on the time delay of the cross-correlation between microwaves backscattered at radially displaced positions. In this paper, the method is presented in detail and is successfully applied on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak and the TJ-II stellarator. Measurements of the tilt angle in the core of both machines are reported, in the TJ-II case, for the first time.
Quantum state smoothing: why the types of observed and unobserved measurements matter
Authors: Chantasri Areeya , Guevara Ivonne , Wiseman Howard M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We investigate the estimation technique called quantum state smoothing introduced in (Guevara and Wiseman 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett.
115 180407), which offers a valid quantum state estimate for a partially monitored system, conditioned on the observed record both prior and posterior to an estimation time. The technique was shown to give a better estimate of the underlying true quantum states than the usual quantum filtering approach. However, the improvement in estimation fidelity, originally examined for a resonantly driven qubit coupled to two vacuum baths, was also shown to vary depending on the types of detection used for the qubit’s fluorescence. In this work, we analyse this variation in a systematic way for the first time. We first define smoothing power using an average purity recovery and a relative average purity recovery, of smoothing over filtering. Then, we explore the power for various combinations of fluorescence detection for both observed and unobserved channels. We next propose a method to explain the variation of the smoothing power, based on multi-time correlation strength between fluorescence detection records. The method gives a prediction of smoothing power for different combinations, which is remarkably successful in comparison with numerically simulated qubit trajectories.
Simultaneous workload balancing and travel time minimization of automatic guided vehicles
Authors: Chawla V.K. , Chanda A.K. , Angra Surjit 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the application of a novel modified memetic particle swarm optimization algorithm (MMPSO) for simultaneous workload balancing and travel time minimization of automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) in the flexible manufacturing system (FMS). Three FMS layouts consisting of 5; 7 and 9 work centers are considered respectively for the simultaneous scheduling of AGVs in the FMS layouts. The resulting yield from the MMPSO algorithm is compared with the resulting yield of other implemented methods. From the results, it is observed that the application of the MMPSO algorithm outperforms the other applied algorithms from the literature. It was also observed that by the application of MMPSO algorithm a balanced exploration and exploitation of solutions can be achieved for the simultaneous scheduling of AGVs in the FMS.
Design and development of fixture and modification of existing AFM setup to magnetic abrasive flow machining (MAFM) process setup
Authors: Chawla Gagandeep , Mittal Vinod Kumar , Mittal Sushil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
To finish multifaceted geometries, miniaturized parts, especially of internal inaccessible cavities or recesses by the use of abrasives media with other constituents is known as abrasive flow machining (AFM). With the help of hydraulic pressure system, the media is extruded to-and-fro over the surface in this process. Recently, numerous amendments have been made for improving the performance of the AFM process. This paper presents a new modified AFM process known as magnetic abrasive flow machining process (MAFM) that is used to finish internal cylindrical surfaces. In MAFM process the electromagnet is made-up to locate around the cylindrical work-piece. For providing maximum magnetic field nearby the whole internal surface of the work-piece, there are two poles that are bounded by copper coils. In MAFM, aluminium fixture is considered to enhance the magnetic effect around the workpiece surface that helps in increasing the MRR and change in surface roughness (ΔRa).
Efficient 2D C0 FE based HOZT for analysis of singly curved laminated composite shell structures under point load
Authors: Garg A , Chalak H D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An efficient Higher order zigzag theory (HOZT) is proposed in this paper for analysis of laminated composite singly curved shell structures acted by point load on surface. The formulation includes effects of transverse displacement during analysis. Constant transverse displacement is assumed in face sheets while parabolic variation of transverse displacement field is assumed for central layer. Nine noded C0 finite element (FE) with eleven degrees of freedom per node is used for carrying out solution. Stress continuity at interfaces and zero stress condition at top and bottom face of shell are also included during formulation. A number of problems are solved for cylindrical shell panels subjected to point load is analysed. Present results are found in accordance with results those already available in literature.