bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concerns and Challenges Developing Mobile Augmented Reality Experiences for Museum Exhibitions
Authors: Marques Diana , Costello Robert 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere may be valid reasons why some technologies are readily adopted in museum exhibits, such as audio, video and touchscreen interactives, and others are not, e.g., holography and augmented reality; however, unless we collectively and deliberately experiment with, analyze and report our findings, it is likely that concerns with technologies are based on anecdotes and assumptions rather than empirical data and may be misleading and confusing. We examine concerns and the challenges commonly associated with the use of augmented reality in exhibitions and apply a case study from the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History to assess the veracity of these with this particular technology. Assumptions around detraction, replacement, gimmickry, and onboarding, for example, were not found to be a valid concern. Augmented reality can have high user experience rewards, yet as with any technology, there are technical and socially relevant challenges that should be considered before adopting augmented reality as a user experience.
Systemic therapies of pityriasis rubra pilaris: a systematic review
Authors: Kromer Christian , Sabat Robert , Celis Daniel , Mössner Rotraut 
Published: December 2018

SummaryPityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare papulosquamous disorder. Treatment is challenging; the armamentarium consists of topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, classic systemic treatments such as retinoids or immunosuppressive drugs, and most recently biologicals. However, the relative effectiveness of therapies is unclear. Our objective was to review the published literature on systemic treatment of PRP. A systematic review was conducted on PubMed and the Cochrane Library up to 5 September 2017. Studies evaluating any systemic treatments of PRP (except for historical treatments) were included. Overall, 182 studies met the predefined inclusion criteria, and reported on 475 patients and 652 courses of treatment. 42.0 % (225/514) of all patients treated with retinoids achieved an excellent response (isotretinoin: 61.1 % [102/167], etretinate: 47 % [54/115], and acitretin: 24.7 % [43/174]) compared to an excellent response rate of 33.1 % (53/160) with methotrexate. Therapy with biologicals was successful in 51.0 % of patients (71/133) (ustekinumab: 62.5 % [10/16], infliximab: 57.1 % [28/49], etanercept: 53.3 % [16/30], and adalimumab: 46.4 % [13/28]). This review balances effectiveness, side effects, experience, and drug costs in order to suggest a treatment regimen starting with isotretinoin as first‐line, methotrexate as second‐line and biologicals as third‐line treatment for this difficult‐to‐treat dermatosis.
Why pesticides with mutagenic, carcinogenic and reproductive risks are registered in Brazil
Authors: Rocha Glenda Morais , Grisolia Cesar Koppe 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBrazil is the biggest market for pesticides in the world. In the registration process, a pesticide must be authorized by the Institute of the Environment, Health Surveillance Agency and Ministry of Agriculture. Evaluations follow a package of toxicological studies submitted by the companies and also based on the Brazilian law regarding pesticides. We confronted data produced by private laboratories, submitted to the Institute of the Environment for registration, with data obtained from scientific databases, corresponding to mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity of pesticides. All studies submitted by the companies were carried out by private laboratories. From 247 pesticide formulations analyzed, none showed positive results for mutagenicity, carcinogenicity or teratogenicity. From 574 articles in the scientific literature, 84% published by public laboratories showed positive results, while 79% of those showing negative results came from private laboratories. There is an ethical concern about a conflict of interest between public/independent laboratories and private laboratories that produce data for registering pesticides. We demonstrated that there is a clear contradiction between public and private laboratories. Brazilian regulatory authorities have approved the registration of pesticides based almost exclusively on the monographs provided by the pesticide industry, because the use of scientific articles or information from the independent literature is strongly belittled by the industry. Pesticide companies argue that scientific articles cannot be trusted. Also, according to the industry, pesticide registration cannot be refused based on results from scientific articles. Thus, the registration of pesticides with mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic risks has been approved in Brazil.
Radical life extension, cybernetic immortality, and techno‐salvation. Really?
Authors: Peters Ted 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLongevity researchers along with transhumanists lift up before us a prize to be won through scientific and technological victory, namely, prolonged life. Whether via Radical Life Extension in the body or Cybernetic Immortality in disembodied form, human intelligence and consciousness have an unending future, we are promised. Should we trust this techno‐promise? Or, should we trust God's promise of resurrection from the dead? What does it take for us greet the end of life with contentment?
Presystolic wave is associated with carotid intima media thickness
Authors: Kul Selim , Dursun İhsan , Sayın Muhammet Raşit , Şahin Sinan , Turan Turhan , Akyüz Ali Rıza , Korkmaz Levent , Karadeniz Ayşegül , Yılmaz Ahmet Seyda , Durmuş İsmet 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionCarotid intima media thickness (CIMT), a direct marker of atherosclerosis, has emerged as a promising means for cardiovascular risk evaluation. Presystolic wave (PSW) is commonly detected by the Doppler interrogation of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). It is thought to be a result of a stiff left ventricle and impaired LV compliance. Herein, we aimed to investigate a possible association between carotid intima media thickness, an atherosclerotic marker, and PSW.MethodWe prospectively enrolled 282 patients divided into two groups based on the presence of PSW: 221 (89F; mean age: 49.3 ± 11.5 years) had PSW on Doppler examination while 61 patients (32F; mean age: 46.4 ± 10.3 years) did not. Both groups were compared with respect to demographic, clinical properties, and CIMT.ResultsBoth groups had comparable age, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and family history for coronary heart disease. PSW‐positive group had significantly higher CIMT (PSW‐positive: 0.59 ± 0.22 mm vs PSW‐negative: 0.42 ± 0.11 mm; P < 0.001) than PSW‐negative group. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent predictors of increased CIMT were age (95% CI; 1.044–1.101, P < 0.001), dyslipidemia (95% CI; 0.147–0.664, P = 0.002), and the presence of PSW (95% CI; 2.168–7.836, P < 0.001).Correlation analysis showed that PSW velocity is correlated with increased CIMT in PSW‐positive group (r: 0.418, P < 0.001).ConclusionAssessment of PSW on TTE is easy and feasible method. Presence of PSW and increased PSW velocity on TTE might provide information that we should be careful in terms of subclinical atherosclerosis.
The inner ear proteome of fish
Authors: Thomas Oliver R. B. , Swearer Stephen E. , Kapp Eugene A. , Peng Po , Tonkin‐Hill Gerry Q. , Papenfuss Anthony , Roberts Anne , Bernard Pascal , Roberts Blaine R. 
Published: December 2018

The mechanisms that underpin the formation, growth and composition of otoliths, the biomineralized stones in the inner ear of fish, are largely unknown, as only a few fish inner ear proteins have been reported. Using a partial transcriptome for the inner ear of black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri), in conjunction with proteomic data, we discovered hundreds of previously unknown proteins in the otolith. This allowed us to develop hypotheses to explain the mechanisms of inorganic material supply and daily formation of growth bands. We further identified a likely protein mediator of crystal nucleation and an explanation for the apparent metabolic inertness of the otolith. Due to the formation of both daily and annual increments, otoliths are routinely employed as natural chronometers, being used for age and growth estimation, fisheries stock assessments, and the reconstruction of habitat use, movement, diet and the impacts of climate change. Our findings provide an unprecedented view of otolith molecular machinery, aiding in the interpretation of these essential archived data.
Biological Reduction of Nitrate and Perchlorate in Soil Microcosms: An Electron Donor Comparison of Glycerol, Emulsified Oil, and Mulch Extract
Authors: Sarria Mayra , Gonzales John Michael , Gerrity Daniel , Batista Jacimaria 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDiverse technologies have been developed and tested for their efficacy in remediating perchlorate‐contaminated surface water, groundwater, and soil. Biological reduction, particularly when coupled with electron donor augmentation, has been shown to be one of the most cost‐effective alternatives. Numerous electron donors have been evaluated in the literature, but few studies have compared standard vs. slow‐release electron donors for sequential nitrate and perchlorate reduction. This study evaluated the efficacy and kinetics of biological reduction in soil microcosms augmented with emulsified oil (EO), glycerol, and mulch extract. Results indicated that EO and glycerol spiked at approximately 100 times stoichiometric excess (i.e., 100x) achieved similar overall reductions and degradation rates for nitrate and perchlorate, although nitrate appeared to exhibit zero order kinetics while perchlorate exhibited first order kinetics. The zero order rate constants for nitrate reduction were 3.32 mg/L d and 2.57 mg/L d for EO and glycerol, respectively. The first order rate constant for perchlorate reduction was 0.36 day−1 for both EO and glycerol. Stable chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations also highlighted the slow‐release properties of EO, which would reduce electron donor consumption in comparison to soluble substrates in soil remediation applications. The microcosms augmented with mulch extract failed to demonstrate any nitrate or perchlorate reduction due to the extract's lower COD concentration. Augmentation with compost or additional processing (i.e., concentration) would be necessary to make the extract a viable alternative.
Potential limits of AAV‐based gene therapy with the use of new transgenes expressing factor IX fusion proteins
Authors: Le Quellec Sandra , Dane Allison , Enjolras Nathalie , McIntosh Jenny , Rosales Cecilia , Negrier Claude , Nathwani Amit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe variety of treatment for haemophilia B (HB) has recently improved with the emergence of both AAV‐based gene therapy and bioengineered human factor IX (hFIX) molecules with prolonged half‐life due to fusion to either albumin (Alb) or immunoglobulin Fc fragment (Fc).AimAdeno‐associated viral vectors (AAV) mediating expression of hFIX‐Alb and hFIX‐Fc fusion proteins was investigated for gene therapy of HB to explore if their extended half‐life translates to higher plasma levels of FIX.MethodsSingle‐stranded cross‐packaged AAV2/8 vectors expressing hFIX‐Alb, hFIX‐Fc and hFIX were evaluated in vitro, and in mice.ResultsBoth hFIX‐Alb and hFIX‐Fc fusion proteins were synthesized and expressed as single chains of expected size following AAV‐mediated gene transfer in vitro and in vivo. The procoagulant properties of these hFIX‐fusion proteins were comparable to wild‐type hFIX. However, their expression levels were threefold lower than wild‐type hFIX in vivo most likely due to inefficient secretion.ConclusionThis, the first, evaluation of hFIX‐fusion proteins in the context of AAV gene transfer suggests that the hFIX‐fusion proteins are secreted inefficiently from the liver, thus preventing their optimal use in gene therapy approaches.
God’s Mission as a Call for Transforming Unity
Authors: Dietrich Stéphanie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article offers a critical reflection on the World Council of Churches Conference on World Mission and Evangelization in 2018 in Arusha, asking for a renewed focus on and discussion of ecumenical and missional theology, especially the relation between unity and diversity among churches and Christians. Based on an outline of the ecumenical discussion on “unity and (reconciled) diversity,” the author asks for a strengthened focus on the unity of the church. She claims that transforming unity is important for the credibility of the church in its communication of the gospel to the world, that transforming unity is a “matter of survival” in times of secularization and in times of religious persecution, and that transforming unity implies a call to diakonia as an unnegotiable part of God’s mission to the world. Concluding, the author asks for further theological discourse on important themes lifted up by the Arusha Conference, like “mission from the margins,” the work of the Holy Spirit (pneumatology), deification/sanctification/theosis, and the relation between unity and diversity in worship and spirituality. Finally, the author underlines that the Arusha Conference was an important reminder of God’s call to the churches for the ongoing mission of transforming unity.
Reflections on Evangelism and Re‐evangelization after Arusha 2018
Authors: Koukoura Dimitra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe church is ceaselessly engaged in evangelization and re‐evangelization. Over half of the earth’s population has not yet heard that God took on human flesh and that through death grants life and resurrection to all humanity. They have not known that God is the God of forgiveness, love, justice, and peace. The world around us is threatened by lethal conflicts, violent expatriation, poverty, social injustice, and environmental pollution. In this turbulent world, the word of God should be sowed.In all Christian traditions, baptized Christians are abandoning their faith, curious for something exotic, or feeling indifference or even animosity toward their Christian faith. In Europe the arrogance of reason (ratio), the persecutions of the atheistic regimes of the past five to seven decades, and the elimination of religion in the individual sphere have finally deleted Christian faith as a potential choice for many young people. Re‐evangelization is thus a common concern.The task of re‐evangelization is difficult. It requires modern communicative strategies. Above all, those who witness to the gospel need self‐critique – repentance (metanoia) and transformation (transfiguration) – so that the recipients of their message may be also transformed. “First one should be illuminated and then transmit the light to the others; first one should be sanctified and then sanctify others.” Reception, however, is also difficult, as represented by the analogy of the fertile and barren field. However, illuminated people – through their words, deeds, and ethos – radiate the light of divine grace: love, understanding, peace, and meaningful life. This remains the deep‐seated longing of all people, even of Europeans, despite their occasional rebellion, contempt, and indifference to the revealed God.
Therapeutic strategies for skin regeneration based on biomedical substitutes
Authors: Chocarro‐Wrona C. , López‐Ruiz E. , Perán M. , Gálvez‐Martín P. , Marchal J.A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRegenerative medicine and tissue engineering (TE) have experienced significant advances in the development of in vitro engineered skin substitutes, either for replacement of lost tissue in skin injuries or for the generation of in vitro human skin models to research. However, currently available skin substitutes present different limitations such as expensive costs, abnormal skin microstructure and engraftment failure. Given these limitations, new technologies, based on advanced therapies and regenerative medicine, have been applied to develop skin substitutes with several pharmaceutical applications that include injectable cell suspensions, cell‐spray devices, sheets or 3Dscaffolds for skin tissue regeneration and others. Clinical practice for skin injuries has evolved to incorporate these innovative applications to facilitate wound healing, improve the barrier function of the skin, prevent infections, manage pain and even to ameliorate long‐term aesthetic results. In this article, we review current commercially available skin substitutes for clinical use, as well as the latest advances in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications used to design advanced therapies and medical products for wound healing and skin regeneration. We highlight the current progress in clinical trials for wound healing as well as the new technologies that are being developed and hold the potential to generate skin substitutes such as 3D bioprinting‐based strategies.
Antiparasitic Activity of Auranofin against Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri
Authors: Peroutka‐Bigus Nathan , Bellaire Bryan H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe report that the gold containing antirheumatoid drug auranofin is amoebicidal against human pathogenic Naegleria fowleri. Treatment of N. fowleri cultures at biologically relevant concentrations of 0.75–3.0 μg/ml auranofin reduced amoeba counts, metabolic activity, and increased cell permeability. These results suggest that the addition of auranofin may benefit the treatment of N. fowleri‐infected patients afflicted by the rapidly fatal disease primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.
Is the Irish (Republic of) Comprehensive Employment Strategy Fit for Purpose in Promoting the Employment of People with Intellectual Disabilities in the Open Labor Market? A Discussion Using Evidence from the National Intellectual Disability Database
Authors: May‐Simera Charlotte 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPeople with intellectual disabilities are largely absent from the labor market. Instead many people with intellectual disabilities attend one or more of the various employment, day, work (occupational) and training services available. This paper considers the impact of adult day service reform along with the new comprehensive employment strategy (CES) might have in improving the participation of people with intellectual disabilities in the open labor market. Day and employment services for people with intellectual disabilities in Ireland are largely organized though the Health Service Executive (HSE), the medical arm of Ireland's service machinery. However, these services have kept Irelands “invisible citizens” segregated, and separate from their communities. Despite identifying this problematic issue, services intended to support people with intellectual disabilities to lead more meaningful and fulfilled lives and be included in their communities have been unsuccessful in achieving this. Although successive governments and have announced to phase out segregated service provision for people with intellectual disabilities so that they can lead integrated lives as part of their communities, trends in the data reveal a growth rather than a decline in specialist, segregated service attendance. The widespread closures of employment services that operated as sheltered workshops, for example, did not lead to an automatic increase in the employment rates as would perhaps be expected. This signals that, despite the promise of better community inclusion through revived policies, as part of the mainstreaming agenda, services still largely operate in separate spheres and people with disabilities continue to lead marginalized lives on the peripheries of society. This research concludes that current disability policies in place to improve the lives of persons with disabilities and increase their participation and inclusion have had limited success. Most people with intellectual disabilities continue to attend adult days services rather than participating in their communities or engaging in meaningful work.
Does interindividual variability of saliva affect the release and metabolization of aroma compounds ex vivo? The particular case of elderly suffering or not from hyposalivation
Authors: Muñoz‐González Carolina , Brulé Marine , Feron Gilles , Canon Francis 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of this work was to study the effects of interindividual variability of human elderly saliva on aroma release and metabolization by ex vivo approaches. Thirty individuals suffering or not from hyposalivation were selected from a panel formed by 110 elderly people (aged >65 years old) that were matched by age and sex. Then, their stimulated saliva samples were independently incubated in presence of three aroma compounds (ethyl hexanoate, octanal, 2‐nonanone) to perform headspace‐gas chromatography and liquid/liquid extraction‐gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses. These assays revealed that the extent of saliva effect on the release and metabolization of aroma compounds was highly dependent on the chemical family of the compounds (octanal>ethyl hexanoate>2‐nonanone). Moreover, salivas from the hyposalivator (HPS) group exerted a significant lower release and/or higher metabolization than those of the control group for the three assayed compounds. Regarding the biochemical characterization of the saliva samples, no significant differences were found in the total protein content between the two groups. This does not preclude the involvement of specific proteins on the observed results that need to be clarified in further experiments. Saliva from the HPS group presented a significantly higher total antioxidant capacity than that of the control group, which suggests that this parameter could be related to the metabolization of aroma compounds by saliva. Such effects might alter aroma perception in individuals suffering from hyposalivation.Practical applicationsThe world population is getting older so fast that most countries are not prepared to handle this demographic challenge, characterized by an increasing prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders) associated to inadequate eating patterns. Thus, supporting a balanced diet is one of the most cost‐effective strategies to maintain a good quality of life. A suitable diet needs to take into account both, specific sensory and nutritional individual needs. However, aging is often accompanied by deterioration in oral health (e.g., low salivary secretions), which could alter the capacities to taste and smell. Results from this work contribute to a better understanding of the role of human saliva in aroma release and metabolization, a first step to comprehend retronasal aroma release and perception. This knowledge will help to propose innovative solutions for the reformulation of food products better adapted to the elderly's needs, thus allowing delayed onset of dependency.