bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles: therapeutic implications for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tang Kim San , See Wesley Zhi Chung , Naidu Rakesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) significantly affects millions of people worldwide due to the progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Despite extensive research efforts, effective treatments that can halt or reverse the progression of PD remain elusive. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising new avenue for addressing this challenge, with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) standing out for their extensive therapeutic potential. ZnO-NPs have shown remarkable promise in neuroprotection through several key mechanisms. The multifaceted properties of ZnO-NPs suggest that they could play a crucial role in intervening across various fundamental mechanisms implicated in PD. By targeting these mechanisms, ZnO-NPs offer new insights and potential strategies for managing and treating PD. This review aims to provide a thorough examination of the molecular mechanisms through which ZnO-NPs exert their neuroprotective effects. It highlights their potential as innovative therapeutic agents for PD and outlines directions for future research to explore and harness their full capabilities.
CXCL5 inhibition ameliorates acute kidney injury and prevents the progression from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chang Ting-Ting , Li Szu-Yuan , Tsai Ming-Tsun , Chiang Chih-Hung , Chen Ching , Chen Jaw-Wen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CXC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is up-regulated in kidney diseases. We aimed to investigate the direct effect of CXCL5 on the pathology of AKI. Serum and renal expression of CXCL5 were increased in animals with renal ischemia–reperfusion injury or unilateral ureteral obstruction. CXCL5-knockout mice exhibited reduced systemic oxidative stress and preserved renal function in the acute and chronic phases of AKI, as evidenced by reductions in serum BUN and creatinine levels, the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and the kidney-to-body weight ratio. CXCL5-knockout mice improved AKI-induced tubular injury and fibrosis, reduced renal macrophage infiltration, and reduced expression of NADPH oxidase and inflammatory and fibrotic proteins. CXCL5 activated p47 to up-regulate ROS generation and induce cellular damages through CXCR2. CXCL5 knockdown exerted antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic effects on hypoxia-reoxygenation-stimulated renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Clinical data indicated elevated circulating and renal CXCL5 in CKD patients, and renal CXCL5 was correlated with increased renal fibrosis and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. Altogether, CXCL5 levels increased in experimental AKI and clinical CKD, and in vivo and in vitro CXCL5 inhibition may reduce acute tubular injury and prevent the subsequent progression from AKI to CKD.
Influences of Attentional Focus on Across- and Within-Sentence Variability in Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutter
Authors: Bauerly Kim R. , Jackson Eric S. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

Research has found an advantage to maintaining an external attentional focus while speaking as an increase in accuracy and a decrease in across-sentence variability has been found when producing oral-motor and speech tasks. What is not clear is how attention affects articulatory variability both
across
and
within
sentences, or how attention affects articulatory control in speakers who stutter. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an internal versus external attention focus on articulatory variability at the sentence level.

Method:

This study used linear (spatial-temporal index [STI]) and nonlinear (recurrence quantification analysis [RQA]) indices to measure lip aperture variability in 10 adults who stutter (AWS) and 15 adults who do not stutter (ANS) while they repeated sentences under an internal versus external attentional focus, virtual reality task (withVR.app; retrieved December 2023 from
https://therapy.withvr.app
). Four RQA measures were used to calculate within sentence variability including percent recurrence, percent determinism (%DET), stability (MAXLINE), and stationarity (TREND). Sentence duration measures were also obtained.

Results:
AWS' movement durations were significantly longer than those of the ANS across conditions, and the AWS were more affected by the attentional focus shifts as their speech rate significantly increased when speaking with an external focus. AWS' speech patterns were also significantly more deterministic (%DET) and stable (MAXLINE) across attentional focus conditions compared to those of the ANS. Both groups showed an effect from attentional shifts as they exhibited less variability (i.e., more consistent) across sentences (STI) and less determinism (%DET) and stability (MAXLINE) within sentences when repeating sentences under an external attentional focus. STI values were not significantly different between the AWS and ANS for the internal or external attentional focus tasks. There were no significant main effects for group or condition for TREND; however, a main effect for sentence type was found.

Conclusion:
Results suggest that AWS use a more restrictive and less flexible approach to movement and that an external focus fosters more flexibility and thus responsiveness to external factors.
Mind–Body Practices and Exercise in the Rehabilitation of Poststroke Aphasia, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia
Authors: Neils-Strunjas Jean , Gore Jacqueline Sue Laures , Dietz Aimee , Wiatr Mona , Thompson Dara 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to provide speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with a background in mind–body practices and exercise to prevent and treat cognitive, language, and cognitive communication disorders from a healthy aging viewpoint.

Method:
An online database search was conducted using a narrative review of mind–body interventions recommended by SLPs and other rehabilitation specialists.

Conclusions:
Mind–body practices and exercise are a low-cost, accessible, nonpharmacological intervention that may promote beneficial outcomes for individuals who are at risk for neurologic disease. Recent research on risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and dementia suggests that the underlying disease progression may be slowed or stopped with lifestyle modification (e.g., increased physical activity). Additionally, individuals recovering from stroke could potentially experience better outcomes with lifestyle modification (e.g., stress reduction). There has been increased popular interest in mindfulness as a component of a healthy lifestyle, which suggests that both patients and therapists may be receptive to incorporating it into traditional rehabilitation practices, provided there is reasonable support for its benefits. The aim of this article is to provide a rationale for integrating mind–body practices and exercise into speech-language pathology services to decrease levels of unhealthy stress, increase physical activity, and enhance cognition and communication.
Review of the opportunities and challenges to accelerate mass‐scale application of smart grids with large‐language models
Authors: Shi Heng , Fang Lurui , Chen Xiaoyang , Gu Chenghong , Ma Kang , Zhang Xinsong , Zhang Zhong , Gu Juping , Lim Eng Gee 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSmart grids represent a paradigm shift in the electricity industry, moving from traditional one‐way systems to more dynamic, interconnected networks. These grids are characterised by their intelligent automation, robust structure, and enhanced interaction with customers, backed by comprehensive monitoring and data analytics. The key of this transformation is the integration of data‐driven methods into smart grids. Compared to previous big data solutions, large language models (LLMs), with their advanced generalisation abilities and multi‐modal competencies, are crucial in effectively managing and integrating diverse data sources. They address challenges such as data inconsistency, inadequate quality, and heterogeneity, thereby enhancing the operational efficiency and reliability of smart grids. Furthermore, at the system level, LLMs improve human–system interactions, making smart grids more user‐friendly and intuitive. Last but not the least, the structure of LLMs performs inherent advantages in bolstering system security and privacy, alongside in resolving issues related to system compatibility and integration. The paper reviews the data‐empowered smart grids and for the first time finds and proposes opportunities and future directions for adopting LLMs to accelerate the mass‐scale application of Smart Grids.
Muti‐units day‐ahead scheduling involving the pumped storages and considering deep‐load regulation
Authors: Tan Yudong , Wen Ming , Zhou Ting , Li Jiaxi , Cai Ye 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a day‐ahead scheduling for multi‐energy entities. The deep load regulation involving pumped storages, which refers to deep peak regulation, is adopted to address the impact of wind power and photovoltaic (PV) uncertainties, thereby improving the economic efficiencies of day‐ahead dispatching. And the impact of different peak valley electricity price differences on the peak shaving effectiveness of pumped storage energy was studied. Firstly, the multi‐scenario random programming method is applied to solve the prediction uncertainties of wind power and PV output in the day‐ahead. Subsequently, the multi‐scenario set of day‐ahead wind power and PV output and the load forecasting curve are considered. A pumped storage scheduling model is then established integrating the hydropower, thermal power and pumped storage. The optimal generation scheduling of pumped storage and thermal units is determined by minimizing load fluctuations and peak shaving costs. Finally, a local power grid in the Hunan province of China is selected for verification. It is shown that the proposed model can effectively accommodate the fluctuation of renewable energy output, reduce the peak regulating pressure of thermal units, and improve the operational economy of the power system.
Global magnetic field properties in the solar wind interaction of Mercury from MESSENGER measurements
Authors: Zhong Jun , Wang Yang 
Published: November 2024

Context. The space environment of Mercury is shaped by its proximity to the Sun and by the relatively weak planetary magnetic field, presenting a unique regime of plasmas and shock conditions.
Aims. We present the global magnetic properties in Mercury’s space environment based on more than 4 years of MESSENGER Magnetometer data.
Methods. We used 20 Hz magnetic field data to examine the magnetic strength, the field configurations, and the fluctuations. We considered both compressional and transverse modes, with frequencies from 5 mHz to 10 Hz, which cover typical ultra-low frequency waves at Mercury. We identified regions of the solar wind, the magnetosheath, and the magnetosphere during over 4000 MESSENGER orbits. The solar wind and magnetosheath data were analysed in the solar wind interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) coordinate system, and the magnetosphere data were analysed in the aberrated Mercury solar magnetospheric coordinate system. Each data point was relocated into normalised space using averaged magnetopause and bow-shock models. The magnetic environments for a quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular IMF were compared.
Results. Under the typical Parker-spiral IMF, the magnetic environment of Mercury features strong fluctuations that are dominated by the transverse mode and stem from interactions at the bow shock and the magnetopause. When they are subjected to a quasi-perpendicular IMF, the magnetic fluctuations diminish, and the magnetic field strength becomes highly compressed throughout the bow shock, magnetosheath, and magnetosphere. Unlike Earth, Mercury exhibits weaker dawn-dusk asymmetries in magnetic field strength and lacks substantial magnetosheath-generated sources of magnetic fluctuations. The magnetic field draping pattern associated with the IMF cone angle at Mercury also differs from that at Earth.
Conclusions. Our comparative analysis highlights the critical role of the solar wind Mach number, the radial IMF component, and the system scale size in shaping planetary space environments.
H2–H2O demixing in Uranus and Neptune: Adiabatic structure models
Authors: Cano Amoros M. , Nettelmann N. , Tosi N. , Baumeister P. , Rauer H. 
Published: November 2024

Context. Demixing properties of major planetary constituents influence the interior structure and evolution of planets. Comparing experimental and computational data on the miscibility of hydrogen and water to adiabatic profiles suggests that phase separation between these two components occurs in the ice giants Uranus and Neptune.
Aims. We aim to predict the atmospheric water abundance and transition pressure between the water-poor outer envelope and the water-rich deep interior in Uranus and Neptune.
Methods. We constructed seven H2–H2O phase diagrams from the available experimental and computational data. We computed interior adiabatic structure models and compared these to the phase diagrams to infer whether demixing occurred.
Results. We obtain a strong water depletion in the top layer due to the rain-out of water and find upper limits on the atmospheric water-mass fraction Zatm of 0.21 for Uranus and 0.16 for Neptune. The transition from the water-poor to the water-rich layer is sharp and occurs at pressures PZ between 4 and 11 GPa. Using these constraints on Zatm and PZ, we find that the observed gravitational harmonics J2 and J4 can be reproduced if PZ ≳ 10 GPa in Uranus and ≳5 GPa in Neptune, and if the deep interior has a high primordial water-mass fraction of 0.8, unless rocks are also present. The agreement with J4 is improved if rocks are confined deeper than PZ, for instance, below a rock cloud level at 2000 K (20–30 GPa).
Conclusions. These findings confirm classical few-layer models and suggest that a layered structure may result from a combination of primordial mass accretion and subsequent phase separation. Reduced observational uncertainty in J4 and its dynamic contribution, atmospheric water abundance measurements from the Uranus Orbiter and Probe (UOP) or a Neptune mission, and better understanding of the mixing behaviour of constituents are needed to constrain the interiors of ice giants.
Linking the primordial composition of planet building disks to the present-day composition of rocky exoplanets
Authors: Adibekyan V. , Deal M. , Dorn C. , Dittrich I. , Soares B. M. T. B. , Sousa S. G. , Santos N. C. , Bitsch B. , Mordasini C. , Barros S. C. C. , Bossini D. , Campante T. L. , Delgado Mena E. , Demangeon O. D. S. , Figueira P. , Moedas N. , Martirosyan Zh. , Israelian G. , Hakobyan A. A. 
Published: November 2024

Context. The composition of rocky planets is strongly driven by the primordial materials in the protoplanetary disk, which can be inferred from the abundances of the host star. Understanding this compositional link is crucial for characterizing exoplanets.
Aims. We aim to investigate the relationship between the compositions of low-mass planets and their host stars.
Methods. We determined the primordial compositions of host stars using high-precision present-day stellar abundances and stellar evolutionary models. These primordial abundances were then input into a stoichiometric model to estimate the composition of planet-building blocks. Additionally, we employed a three-component planetary interior model (core, mantle, and water in different phases) to estimate planetary compositions based only on their radius and mass.
Results. We find that although stellar abundances vary over time, relevant abundance ratios such as Fe/Mg remain relatively constant during the main sequence evolution for low temperature stars. A strong correlation is found between the iron-to-silicate mass fraction of protoplanetary disks and planets, while no significant correlation was observed for water mass fractions. The Fe/Mg ratio varies significantly between planets and their stars, indicating substantial disk-driven compositional diversity, and this ratio also correlates with planetary radius.
Conclusions. While stellar abundances, as a proxy of the composition of protoplanetary disk, provide a baseline for planetary composition, significant deviations arise due to complex disk processes, challenging the assumption of a direct, one-to-one elemental relationship between stars and their planets.
Exploring Behavioral Determinants of Women Who Had an Abortion in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Romadlona Nohan Arum , Utomo Budi , Besral  , Aryanty Riznawaty Imma 
Published: November 2024

Stigma on abortion has limited the study of abortion in several countries, including Indonesia. Understanding factors of abortion can improve programs and policies aimed at increasing women’s sexual and reproductive health and rights, especially abortion. This study aims to draw a picture of the behavioral determinants of women who had abortions.
This cross-sectional study utilized data from a community-based survey of 8,969 randomly selected women aged 15-49 in six provinces in Java. Data were collected via an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, collecting information on socio-demographic characteristics, experience using contraception, pregnancy, abortion, partner violence, and other issues related to reproductive health. Structural Equation Modeling Analysis was used to get an overview of the structural determinants of women who had abortions based on the concept of Integrated Behavioral Model Theory.
Model fit with RMSEA value = 0.037, CFI = 0.924, and SRMR =0.048. Intention shows the most significant direct effect on abortion. The experience of physical and sexual violence, the attitude toward the impact of ending pregnancy, and the lack of contraception knowledge have a direct effect on increasing the intention to have an abortion.
Niereninfarkt bei Cannabis-Konsum
Authors: Kolks Oliver , Stahlhoff Stefan , Lichtenberg Michael 
Published: November 2024

Einführung Der Niereninfarkt ist eine seltene Ursache für ein akutes Nierenversagen; der Zusammenhang mit dem Cannabis-Konsum ist bisher nicht hinreichend dokumentiert.
Anamnese Ein 40-jähriger Patient stellte sich in der Notaufnahme mit seit 1,5 Tagen bestehenden akuten rechtsseitigen Flankenschmerzen in unserer Notaufnahme vor.
Untersuchung und Befunde Die Sonografie des Abdomens zeigte keine Ektasie des Nierenbecken-Kelchsystems; die notfallmäßige CT-Angiografie betätigte den V. a. einen rechtsseitigen Niereninfarkt. Die weitere Umfelddiagnostik gab keinen Hinweis auf eine klassische Pathogenese. Allerdings wurde ein regelmäßiger Cannabis-Konsum dokumentiert.
Therapie und Verlauf Aufgrund des protrahierten Verlaufs entschieden wir uns für ein konservatives Vorgehen mit Analgesie, laborchemischen Kontrollen und der Einleitung einer antikoagulativen Therapie. Hierunter war das Beschwerdebild rückläufig.
Diskussion Der Zusammenhang zwischen thromboembolischen Ereignissen und dem Konsum von Cannabis sollte insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung der erfolgten Legalisierung weiter untersucht werden; der Konsum ist als kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktor in Betracht zu ziehen. Ebenso existiert für solche Ereignisse bisher keine Empfehlung für die Einleitung und Dauer einer antikoagulativen Therapie.
Risk-based ultrasound probe quality assurance – a single center proof-of-concept study
Authors: Botz Bálint 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUltrasound probe quality assurance is an underserved and underregulated area in medical imaging. While several testing methods exist, their availability and adoption remains varied, and the frequency of testing is often insufficient. Here we aimed to conduct a user-driven simple and rapid probe quality testing approach and to evaluate its rationale.Testing was based on physical examination of probe integrity (all probes) and in-air reverberation check (for curvilinear and linear array probes), findings, as well as probe age were registered. Prior to assessment, probes were divided into a high-risk vs. a low-risk category, based on the perceived risk of probe damage as a result of the typical application (e.g., non-invasive vs. interventional, inpatient vs. point-of-care).17.4% of the low-risk and 31.4% of high-risk probes demonstrated physical wear or damage. Reverberation artifacts were significantly more frequent (68%) in the high-risk category vs. the low-risk one (29.4%). Probes with either physical or reverberation faults were significantly older on average.The simple, rapid investigational technique uncovered an alarming percentage of probe damage or faults. It also identified immediately solvable technical issues (e.g., poor cable contact mimicking dropout). High-risk probe usage resulted in an increased rate of reverberation errors and physical damage. Risk-based, frequent rapid observational testing of ultrasound probes could substantially improve both diagnostic quality and patient safety.
Institutionalisierte Kindesbetreuung im Vorschulalter und berichtete
Misshandlungen: Eine Befragung in Ostdeutschland
Authors: Helmert Claudia , McLaren Thomas , Fleischer Toni , Ulke Christine , Altweck Laura , Hahm Stefanie , Muehlan Holger , Kriechel Lisa , Beutel Manfred E. , Schmidt Silke , Schomerus Georg , Brähler Elmar , Speerforck Sven 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungGewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit erhöhen das Risiko für psychische Probleme im
Erwachsenenalter. Wie die frühe institutionelle Betreuung in der DDR mit
Gewalterfahrungen assoziiert ist und Angst und Depression im Erwachsenenalter
beeinflussen, ist wenig erforscht. Die Stichprobe umfasst N=1743 Personen,
geboren in der DDR (1949–1983). Mit Multigruppen-Pfadanalysen (stratifiziert
Männer/Frauen) untersuchen wir den Einfluss vorschulischer Betreuung über den
Mediator Kindheitstrauma (CTS) auf Ängstlichkeit (GAD-7) und Depressivität
(PHQ-9) im Erwachsenenalter. Es zeigen sich keine direkten Effekte der
vorschulischen Betreuung auf Ängstlichkeit und Depressivität. Kindheitstrauma
wirkt sich signifikant auf die aktuelle psychische Gesundheit aus (Frauen
β=0,253–0,610; Männer β=0,092–0,439). Die Analysen legen nahe, dass es keinen
Zusammenhang zwischen institutioneller Betreuung und Gewalterfahrungen in der
Kindheit gibt. Weiterer Kontextfaktoren in Betreuung sind für die Entwicklung
bevölkerungsweiter Präventionsstrategien, für die Sicherheit von Kindern von
Bedeutung.