bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression patterns and colocalization of two sensory neurone membrane proteins in Ectropis obliqua Prout, a geometrid moth pest that uses Type‐II sex pheromones
Authors: Sun L. , Wang Q. , Zhang Y. , Yan Y. , Guo H. , Xiao Q. , Zhang Y. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSensory neurone membrane proteins (SNMPs) function as essential cofactors for insect sex pheromone detection. In this study, we report two SNMPs in Ectropis obliqua Prout, a serious geometrid pest that produces typical Type‐II sex pheromones. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses showed that EoblSNMP1 and EoblSNMP2 belong to two distinct SNMP subfamilies. Quantitative real‐time PCR suggested that EoblSNMP1 was male antennae‐biased, whereas EoblSNMP2 was highly expressed on male antennae but was also expressed on female antennae and other chemosensory tissues. Additionally, EoblSNMP1 and EoblSNMP2 differed in their developmental expression profiles. In situ hybridization revealed that EoblSNMP1 was sensilla trichodea I specific, whereas EoblSNMP2 was expressed in sensilla trichodea I and the sensilla basiconica; furthermore, EoblSNMP1 and EoblSNMP2 were co‐expressed in sensilla trichodea I but in different cells. This study suggests that EoblSNMP1 is functionally distinct from EoblSNMP2 in E. obliqua; EoblSNMP1 may specifically contribute to the recognition of sex pheromones, whereas EoblSNMP2 exhibits multiple olfactory roles. Our findings comprehensively reveal the expression patterns of SNMPs in a lepidopteran species that uses Type‐II sex pheromones, providing new insights into the functional evolution of SNMPs from lepidopteran moths with Type‐I sex pheromones to those with Type‐II sex pheromones.
Brain size predicts behavioural plasticity in guppies (Poecilia reticulata): An experiment
Authors: Herczeg Gábor , Urszán Tamás J. , Orf Stephanie , Nagy Gergely , Kotrschal Alexander , Kolm Niclas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnderstanding how animal personality (consistent between‐individual behavioural differences) arises has become a central topic in behavioural sciences. This endeavour is complicated by the fact that not only the mean behaviour of individuals (behavioural type) but also the strength of their reaction to environmental change (behavioural plasticity) varies consistently. Personality and cognitive abilities are linked, and we suggest that behavioural plasticity could also be explained by differences in brain size (a proxy for cognitive abilities), since accurate decisions are likely essential to make behavioural plasticity beneficial. We test this idea in guppies (Poecilia reticulata), artificially selected for large and small brain size, which show clear cognitive differences between selection lines. To test whether those lines differed in behavioural plasticity, we reared them in groups in structurally enriched environments and then placed adults individually into empty tanks, where we presented them daily with visual predator cues and monitored their behaviour for 20 days with video‐aided motion tracking. We found that individuals differed consistently in activity and risk‐taking, as well as in behavioural plasticity. In activity, only the large‐brained lines demonstrated habituation (increased activity) to the new environment, whereas in risk‐taking, we found sensitization (decreased risk‐taking) in both brain size lines. We conclude that brain size, potentially via increasing cognitive abilities, may increase behavioural plasticity, which in turn can improve habituation to novel environments. However, the effects seem to be behaviour‐specific. Our results suggest that brain size likely explains some of the variation in behavioural plasticity found at the intraspecific level.
An advanced aqueous method of extracting rapeseed oil with high quality
Authors: Lv Miao , Wu Wenbiao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBecause of concern about environment, health, and cost, research into the production of rapeseed oil by aqueous extraction has been promoted. The advanced aqueous extraction method using a 1.5:10 water‐to‐rapeseed kernel slurry ratio without the addition of any chemical which was finally developed in this study recovered 94.73% rapeseed oil with high quality. Acid value and peroxide value of rape seed oil produced were quite low at <0.2 mg KOH/kg and < 5 mmol/kg, respectively, which were superior to that produced by solvent extraction and high temperature expressing and that required by the Chinese national standard for first class edible oils. Water content in the de‐oiled rapeseed residue powder was quite low at about 25%, which can be easily dried. No wastewater was discharged during the extraction of oils. This breakthrough shows the great potential of using aqueous extraction of rapeseed oil instead of solvent extraction or high temperature pressing. These results should provide valuable guidance for the future development of production technology of rapeseed oil by aqueous extraction on an industrial scale.Practical applicationThe established aqueous method has the potential of being a classic procedure for processing rapeseeds in the future. The procedures on the laboratory scale established in this study can be a solid basis of developing industrial engineering of producing rapeseed oils on a commercial scale. The results described in this article may lead to a new theory of production technology of oil seeds.
Retracted: Vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) and cytotoxin‐associated gene A (cagA) genotypes of resistant Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from raw and pasteurized milk
Authors: Baradari Hamed , Mashak Zohreh , Tavakoli‐Far Bahareh 
Published: November 2018

Foods with animal origins play a considerable role in transmission of Helicobacter pylori. The current study was done to evaluate the genotyping patterns and antibiotic resistance properties of H. pylori strains isolated from raw and pasteurized milk. Three hundred and fifty raw and pasteurized milk samples were collected. Samples were cultured on Wilkins Chalgren media. Antibiotic resistance pattern and genotyping were done using the disk diffusion and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Sixty‐eight out of 350 milk samples (19.42%) were positive for H. pylori. Prevalence of H. pylori in raw and pasteurized milk samples were 44.00% and 1.00%, respectively. Helicobacter pylori strains exhibited the maximum prevalence of resistance against tetracycline (94.11%), ampicillin (91.17%), amoxicillin (88.23%), and erythromycin (69.11%). VacA s1a (98.52%), m1a (88.23%), m2 (79.41%), and s2 (77.94%) and also vacA s1am1a (61.76%), s1am2 (51.94%), s2m2 (51.94%), and s2m1a (50.00%) were the most frequently detected genotypes. VacA s2/cagA+ (50.00%), s1a/cagA+ (47.05%), m1a/cagA+ (41.17%), and m2/cagA+ (33.82%) were the most frequently detected combined genotyping patterns. Boost prevalence of H. pylori in raw and pasteurized milk exhibits that they may be the natural reservoirs of bacteria. Similar vacA and cagA genotyping patterns of H. pylori strains recommends that they have similar routes of infection.Practical applicationsDue to the high consumption rate of raw and pasteurized milk samples, they should have a high microbial quality. Foods with animal origins and especially milk are considered as a probable source of Helicobacter pylori infections. The incidence of contamination of milk by H. pylori is fairly high, and nearly all of the isolates showed resistance against several types of antibiotics and harbored pathogenic vacA and cagA genotypes, so the risk of probable foodborne diseases caused by H. pylori in such products should not be neglected. Additionally, raw and pasteurized milk samples may act as a reservoir of H. pylori with ability to transfer antibiotic resistance and virulent genotypes.
Retracted: Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and toxigenic gene profile of the Clostridium difficile isolated from molluscan shellfish
Authors: Nayebpour Farnaz , Rahimi Ebrahim 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Clostridium difficile strains are considered as one of the newly borne foodborne pathogens regarding the consumption of seafood products. The present study was done to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern and toxigenic gene profile of the C. difficile strains isolated from shellfish samples. Eight‐hundred and twenty oyster, mussel, cockle, and clam samples were collected and cultured. Clostridium difficile isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction disk diffusion. Twenty‐six out of 820 (3.17%) shellfish samples were positive for C. difficile. Mussel (5.00%) and oyster (4.00%) were the most commonly contaminated samples. Clostridium difficile strains exhibited the highest prevalence of resistance against ampicillin (92.30%), penicillin (84.61%), amoxicillin (76.92%), moxifloxacin (65.38%), and metronidazole (57.69%). Prevalence of resistance against more than eight types of antibiotics was 15.38%. TcdA (50%), tcdB (30.76%), and cdtA (30.76%) were the most commonly detected toxigenic genes. Clostridium difficile strains harbored the highest prevalence of tcdA + tcdB (23.07%), tcdA + cdtA (19.23%), tcdB + cdtA (15.38%), and tcdA + tcdB + cdtA (11.53%) gene clusters. Shellfish samples have been considered as a potential source of toxigenic multidrug resistant C. difficile. Simultaneous presence of multiple toxigenic genes in the multidrug resistant C. difficile strains poses an important public health issue regarding the consumption of raw and shellfish.Practical applicationsDue to the high‐consumption rate of molluscan shellfish, they should have a high microbial quality. Clostridium difficile is common foodborne bacteria with an emergence of antibiotic resistance and toxin production. The current research is the first report of the isolation and study the antibiotic resistance and toxigenic gene profile of the C. difficile strains isolated from oyster, mussel, cockle, and clam samples caught from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Results represented that molluscan shellfish samples may act as a reservoir of Clostridium difficile with ability to transfer antibiotic resistance and toxin genes to human population.
Characterization of Salmonella isolated from organically reared poultry located in the same longitude with three distinct seasonal characteristics
Authors: İncili Gökhan Kürşad , Koluman Ahmet , Dikici Abdullah , Kahraman Tolga , Ünlü Abdullah Teoman 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study is designed to determine Salmonella prevalence in organic poultry farms and slaughterhouse in three different regions with distinct seasonal characteristics. Salmonella strains were isolated from organic reared poultry farm environment (water, feed, and feces) and poultry meat samples (neck skin and breast meat). Antibiotic resistance and 16S rRNA profiles were demonstrated with alignment scores. Salmonella spp. prevalences according to regions were, 51 of 200 (25.50%) samples taken from Region A, 77 of 200 (38.50%) samples taken from Region B, 105 of 200 (52.50%) samples taken from Region C. Serotyping of the strains revealed that S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis are the most dormant strains among all strains. Antibiotic susceptibility of the strains revealed that major resistance against ampicillin. This study is held for an awareness rising about the possible impact of seasonality related with food borne pathogens prevalence.Practical applicationsPoultry meat and meat products account for approximately one‐third of all Salmonella infections in humans. The relation between environmental temperature and foodborne pathogens is a complex matter, which has not been investigated widely and is hard to predict. The data obtained in this study indicate a significant high prevalence in warm region, which may be evaluated as a possible key for environmental temperature effect on foodborne pathogens distribution in organically reared poultry. In addition, this study provides important information to show the sources of contamination steps ranging from farm to fork in organically reared poultry.
Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pork meat in retail outlets in India
Authors: Savariraj Wilfred Ruban , Ravindran Narendra Babu , Kannan Porteen , Paramasivam Raja , Senthilkumar TMA , Kumarasamy Peria , Rao Veluru Appa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIsolation of Staphylococcus aureus was carried out in a total of 120 retail pork samples and the overall prevalence of S. aureus in retail pork meat was 76.67%. All the isolates were resistant to both Ampicillin and Tetracycline (100%) followed by Cefoxitin, Oxacillin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, and Novobiocin. The multiple antibiotic resistance index of majority of the isolates were 0.3 and above. Methicillin resistance based on polymerase chain reaction revealed that 76.09% carried either mecA or mecC. The prevalence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in pork was 82.61% and of the various toxin genes sei was the major gene followed by seg, seb, sej, sed, seh, sec, and sea in decreasing order. The prevalence of multidrug resistant and virulent S. aureus carrying enterotoxin genes in retail pork meat is a clear indication of the potential of these isolates in causing foodborne intoxication under favorable conditions to the consumers.Practical application
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a well‐known opportunistic pathogen widely present in a broad host range, including human beings and food producing animals, such as pigs, cows, goats and chickens. It has the potential to contaminate animal products and they gain entry in to the food chain, during processing, preparation and storage. The wide use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multi drug resistant strains, particularly Methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The present study highlights the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance with special reference to MRSA and enterotoxin gene profile of S. aureus isolated from retail pork meat. The results will provide the insights of the existing situation of antimicrobial resistance in pork meat in India.
Use of TiBrush for surface decontamination at peri‐implantitis sites in dogs: Radiographic and histological outcomes
Authors: Viganò Paolo , Apaza Alccayhuaman Karol A. , Sakuma Shigeru , Amari Yoshiyuki , Bengazi Franco , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy on the healing of mechanical decontamination of infected implant surfaces performed with a titanium brush.MethodsMandibular premolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally in six dogs. After 3 months, two unsubmerged implants were installed on both sides of the mandible. Three months later, peri‐implantitis was induced with ligatures for 3 months and then removed. After 1 month, surgical mechanical decontamination of the surfaces was performed either with a rotatory titanium brush or gauzes soaked in saline. Five month later, biopsies were retrieved. Evaluations on X‐rays taken of the mesiodistal plane and on histological slides prepared in a buccal‐lingual plane were performed.ResultsAfter the induction of peri‐implantitis, a mean marginal bone loss of 2.6 ± 0.6 mm and 1.9 ± 1.0 mm was observed in the brush and gauze groups by X‐ray, respectively. Five months after treatment, a mean gain of marginal bone of 0.6 mm was obtained in both groups. The mean closures of the vertical and horizontal defects were 0.6 mm and 0.6 mm for the brush group, and 0.8 mm and 0.5 mm for the gauze group, respectively. Histologically, a loss of attachment at the buccal aspect of 2.2 ± 0.9 mm in the brush group and of 2.3 ± 0.5 mm in the gauze group was found. No statistically‐significant differences were found after the treatment.ConclusionsMechanical implant surface decontamination performed with a rotatory titanium brush resulted in a marginal bone level gain, yielding a low content of inflammatory infiltrate close to the marginal bone.
Relationship between Positive Environmental Disclosures and Environmental Performance: An Empirical Investigation of the Greenwashing Sin of the Hidden Trade‐off
Authors: Hora Manpreet , Subramanian Ravi 
Published: November 2018

SummaryFirms make positive discretionary disclosures about their environmental efforts in order to signify attention to the environmental impacts of their operations. On the one hand, firms may choose to make these disclosures to deflect attention away from other activities that may contribute negatively to their environmental performance (i.e., greenwashing in the form of the “sin of the hidden trade‐off ”). On the other hand, firms making these disclosures may legitimately improve their overall environmental performance. Our study empirically addresses the following question: Do firms that make positive discretionary environmental disclosures improve their overall environmental performance more than the firms that do not make such disclosures? Specifically, because press announcements have been shown to be a popular medium for positive discretionary disclosures, we examine the relationship between announcements in the press of firms’ environmental efforts beyond compliance, and suitably weighted‐aggregated firm‐level releases of the range of pollutants reported to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). We employ matching methods (coarsened exact matching and propensity score matching) that account for potential sources of endogeneity, including the relationship between firms’ prior environmental performance and their propensity to disclose environmental information. Our findings from the matching methods provide encouraging evidence that greenwashing in the form of the sin of the hidden trade‐off does not appear to be prevalent. Additionally, our post hoc analysis explores factors based on the content of disclosures and industry, that may help explain differences in environmental performance among the firms making the disclosures.
Wireless body sensor for electrocardiographic monitoring in dogs and cats
Authors: Brložnik M. , Likar Š. , Krvavica A. , Avbelj V. , Domanjko Petrič A. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic utility of electrocardiogram data obtained by a wireless sensor from 36 dogs and four cats with suspected arrhythmias caused by cardiac or systemic diseases.Materials and MethodsWireless electrocardiographic recordings were obtained via two precordial electrodes attached to an electrocardiogram sensor connected to a smart device via low‐power Bluetooth technology. Cardiac rate, rhythm and duration of P‐QRS‐T waves were evaluated with VisECG® software. Fifteen‐ to 30‐minute wireless recordings were compared to standard electrocardiograms. Furthermore, the wireless sensor was used in 10 dogs and four cats for 24‐hour continuous electrocardiogram monitoring at home.ResultsWhen compared to standard electrocardiogram, equivalent results were obtained for heart rate and duration of different waves. Due to the longer recording time, more arrhythmias were diagnosed with the wireless device in 50% (15 of 30) of animals with arrhythmias. Satisfactory recordings were obtained when the dogs were resting, standing or walking but interpretation of the wireless electrocardiogram signal was not possible during strenuous physical activity.Clinical SignificanceWireless electrocardiographic monitoring is a reliable and accurate method for identification of heart rate, arrhythmia and duration of electrocardiogram waves. A higher diagnostic yield of arrhythmias was documented with the wireless sensor due to prolonged monitoring. The device offers a good option for the long‐term monitoring of canine and feline cardiac rhythm.
Heterogeneity of melts in impact deposits and implications for their origin (Ries suevite, Germany)
Authors: Siegert Susann , Hecht Lutz 
Published: November 2018

AbstractImpact melt‐bearing clastic deposits (suevites) are one of the most important records of the impact cratering process. A deeper understanding of their composition and formation is therefore essential. This study focuses on impact melt particles in suevite at Ries, Germany. Textures and chemical evidence indicate that the suevite contains three melt types that originate from different shock levels in the target. The most abundant melt type (“melt type 1”) represents well‐mixed whole‐rock melting of crystalline basement and includes incompletely mixed mafic melt schlieren (“melt type 1 mafic”). Polymineralic melt type 2 comprises mixes between monomineralic melt types 3 and melt type 1. Melt types 2 and 3 are located within melt type 1 as small patches or schlieren but also isolated within the suevite matrix. The main melt type 1 is heterogeneous with respect to trace elements, varying geographically around the crater: in the western sector, it has lower values in trace elements, e.g., Ba, Zr, Th, and Ce, than in the eastern sector. The west–east zoning likely reflects the heterogeneous nature of crystalline basement target rocks with lower trace element contents, e.g., Ba, Zr, Th, and Ce, in the west compared to the east. The chemical zoning pattern of suevite melt type 1 indicates that mixing during ejection and emplacement occurred only on a local (hundreds of meters) scale. The incomplete larger scale mixing indicated by the preservation of these local chemical signatures, and schlieren corroborate the assumption that mixing, ejection, and quenching were very rapid, short‐lived processes.
Relative reactivity to egg white and yolk or change upon heating as markers for baked egg tolerance
Authors: Brossard Chantal , Rancé Fabienne , Drouet Martine , Paty Evelyne , Juchet Agnes , Guérin‐Dubiard Catherine , Pasco Maryvonne , Tranquet Olivier , Nau Françoise , Denery‐Papini Sandra 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundHen's egg food allergy is frequent in childhood and phenotypically heterogeneous. Some children can tolerate extensively heated egg. We investigated whether individual relative responses could differentiate children who tolerate baked egg.MethodsReactivities to raw, pasteurized or hard‐boiled egg (E), egg white (EW), and egg yolk (EY) fractions were tested by skin prick test (SPT) in 54 egg‐allergic children. IgE‐sensitization to EW and EY was determined by ImmunoCAP and IgE‐binding to EW and 8 EW proteins and to EY and 4 EY sub‐fractions by ELISA. Population heterogeneity was assessed by hierarchical ascending classification upon individual variations of reactivity and links between classifications and clinical features by analyzing the contingency tables.ResultsAll children had positive SPT to raw E and raw EW and 72% to raw EY. Heating decreased SPT‐reactivity for some children, pasteurization being less effective than hard‐boiling. Children were classed into three classes from relative SPT‐reactivity to raw fractions, two from variations of SPT‐reactivity with each thermal processing or EW/EY ratio of sensitization, and four from their sensitization pattern. Classifications according to heating were found independent of each other. SPT variations with hard‐boiling, IgE‐sensitization (ratio or pattern) were linked to allowance by the physicians of egg in baked products.ConclusionsEgg‐allergic children were often both sensitized to EY and EW, and heterogeneous patterns of relative responses were evidenced. Irrespective of age and level of sensitization, a low EW/EY ratio or SPT getting null with hard‐boiling was found in children allowed to eat baked egg.