bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of spin–orbit interaction on band structure of TlInSe2
Authors: Ismayilova N. A. , Orudzhev G. S. 
Published: June 2019

In this work, we report the effect of the spin–orbit (SO) interaction on the band structure of TlInSe2. Calculation was performed by implementing density functional theory (DFT) method. Our results show that SO interaction is significant for two high symmetrical point ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and line ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) of Brillouin zone in the band structure and negligible changes was observed in the bands near the Fermi level. The maximum SO splitting is [Formula: see text]0.9 eV.
Bringing more women, immigrants, to computer science
Authors: Townsend Gloria , Waite Sheldon 
Published: June 2019

The
Communications
Web site, http://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of
Communications
, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts.

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http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm
Gloria Townsend on encouraging women to pursue CS, and Sheldon Waite on supporting immigrants to fill STEM jobs.
TRIM67 Activates p53 to Suppress Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Zhang Yanquan , Huang Junzhe , Wong Chi Chun , Zhai Jianning , Li Chuangen , Wei Guifeng , Zhao Liuyang , Wang Guoping , Wei Hong , Zhao Zengren , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins participate in a variety of important cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, DNA repair, and senescence. In this study, we demonstrated that a novel TRIM family member, TRIM67, was commonly silenced in colorectal cancer and its downregulation was associated with poor survival. Trim67 knockout in ApcMin/+ mice increased the incidence, multiplicity, and burden of colorectal tumors. Similarly, colon-specific knockout of Trim67 significantly accelerated azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer in mice. RNA sequencing revealed that the antitumor effect of TRIM67 was mediated by activation of the p53 signaling pathway. TRIM67 interacted directly with the C-terminus of p53, inhibiting p53 degradation by its ubiquitin ligase MDM2. TRIM67 was also a transcriptional target of p53; upon cellular stress, p53 bound to the TRIM67 promoter and induced significant upregulation of TRIM67, thereby forming a TRIM67/p53 self-amplifying loop that boosts p53-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Consequently, loss of this p53-positive regulatory program profoundly compromised p53-mediated responses to chemotherapy-induced DNA damage. Dampened p53 response was also observed in tumors of Trim67 knockout mice and Trim67 knockout embryonic fibroblasts. TRIM67 reactivation restored p53 activation and sensitized colorectal cancer cells to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. TRIM67 thus functions as a pivotal tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer and is a potential target for improving chemotherapy responsiveness.

Significance:
The TRIM67/p53 axis represents a novel therapeutic target that could be harnessed to improve chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer expressing wild-type p53 but with repressed p53 signaling.
Cardiac Surgery in Patients With Trisomy 13 and 18: An Analysis of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database
Authors: Cooper David S. , Riggs Kyle W. , Zafar Farhan , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Hill Kevin D. , Pasquali Sara K. , Swanson Sara K. , Gelehrter Sarah K. , Wallace Amelia , Jacobs Marshall L. , Morales David L. S. , Bryant Roosevelt 
Published: June 2019

Background
Congenital heart disease is common in patients with Trisomy 13 (T13) and Trisomy 18 (T18), but offering cardiac surgery to these patients has been controversial. We describe the landscape of surgical management across the United States, perioperative risk factors, and surgical outcomes in patients with T13 and T18.

Methods and Results

Patients in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database with T13 and T18 who underwent cardiac surgery (2010–2017) were included. There were 343 operations (T13: n=73 and T18: n=270) performed on 304 patients. Among 125 hospitals, 87 (70%) performed at least 1 operation and 26 centers (30%) performed ≥5 T13/T18 operations. Operations spanned the full spectrum of complexity with 29% (98/343) being in the highest categories of estimated risk. The operative mortality rate was 15%, with a 56% complication rate. Preoperative mechanical ventilation was associated with an odds ratio of mortality >8 for both patients with T13 and T18 (both
P
<0.012) while presence of a gastrostomy tube (odds ratio, 0.3;
P
=0.03) or prior cardiac surgery (odds ratio, 0.2;
P
=0.02) was associated with better survival in patients with T18 but not patients with T13.

Conclusions
Data from this nationally representative sample indicate that most centers offer surgical intervention for both patients with T13 and T18, even in highly complex patients. However, the overall mortality rate was high in this select patient cohort. The association of preoperative mechanical ventilation with mortality suggests that this subset of patients with T13 and T18 should perhaps not be considered surgical candidates. This information is valuable to clinicians and families for counseling and deciding what interventions to offer.
An Analog Approach for Weather Estimation Using Climate Projections and Reanalysis Data
Authors: Clemins Patrick J. , Bucini Gabriela , Winter Jonathan M. , Beckage Brian , Towler Erin , Betts Alan , Cummings Rory , Chang Queiroz Henrique 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGeneral circulation models (GCMs) are essential for projecting future climate; however, despite the rapid advances in their ability to simulate the climate system at increasing spatial resolution, GCMs cannot capture the local and regional weather dynamics necessary for climate impacts assessments. Temperature and precipitation, for which dense observational records are available, can be bias corrected and downscaled, but many climate impacts models require a larger set of variables such as relative humidity, cloud cover, wind speed and direction, and solar radiation. To address this need, we develop and demonstrate an analog-based approach, which we call a “weather estimator.” The weather estimator employs a highly generalizable structure, utilizing temperature and precipitation from previously downscaled GCMs to select analogs from a reanalysis product, resulting in a complete daily gridded dataset. The resulting dataset, constructed from the selected analogs, contains weather variables needed for impacts modeling that are physically, spatially, and temporally consistent. This approach relies on the weather variables’ correlation with temperature and precipitation, and our correlation analysis indicates that the weather estimator should best estimate evaporation, relative humidity, and cloud cover and do less well in estimating pressure and wind speed and direction. In addition, while the weather estimator has several user-defined parameters, a sensitivity analysis shows that the method is robust to small variations in important model parameters. The weather estimator recreates the historical distributions of relative humidity, pressure, evaporation, shortwave radiation, cloud cover, and wind speed well and outperforms a multiple linear regression estimator across all predictands.
Novel automated measuring system for evaluating labile plasma iron in serum
Authors: Saito Takeshi , Ikuta Katsuya , Hatayama Mayumi , Shibusa Kotoe , Matsui Kozo , Tanaka Riki , Toki Yasumichi , Kato Daisuke , Iizuka Naomi , Okumura Toshikatsu 
Published: June 2019

Background As the saturation of transferrin by iron in the serum is approximately 30%, iron loaded to the blood can bind to transferrin not bearing iron. Nevertheless, prolonged iron influx finally results in full transferrin saturation, and iron not bound to transferrin will appear in the serum; this iron is known as non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI). NTBI damages organs through the production of free radicals. Previously, we established an automated quantification system for NTBI; however, measuring labile plasma iron, which is considered as a highly redox-active component of NTBI, should be a better prognostic factor in iron-overloaded patients. Methods We designed and developed a novel system for evaluating labile plasma iron utilizing the Trinder reaction. Automated system was utilized because the previously reported methods for labile plasma iron are intricate and the introduction to the clinical stage has been challenging. Validations such as the contribution of serum proteins and metal ions for this system were evaluated using human serum samples. Results We confirmed that our novel system can evaluate labile plasma iron utilizing Trinder reaction and the oxidative potential of ceruloplasmin in the serum. This system was also confirmed to be clinically practical. Metals other than iron did not influence this system. We observed that samples with high NTBI did not always exhibit high labile plasma iron and vice versa, highlighting the necessity of labile plasma iron quantification in evaluating the toxicity of NTBI. Conclusions Our novel system should contribute to fundamental and clinical research because it can measure labile plasma iron using the high-throughput automated analyser.
Local government strategies in the face of shocks and crises: the role of anticipatory capacities and financial vulnerability
Authors: Barbera Carmela , Jones Martin , Korac Sanja , Saliterer Iris , Steccolini Ileana 
Published: June 2019

This article, building on governmental financial resilience literature, and using data from a survey of over 600 local governments in Germany, Italy and the UK, looks at the role that external shocks, anticipatory capacities and associated perceived vulnerabilities play in determining different organizational response strategies (i.e. ‘bouncing back’ versus ‘bouncing forward’ strategies) at times of crisis. In the face of shocks, higher perceived vulnerabilities will especially be associated with bouncing back strategies, whereas the presence of anticipatory capacity will be associated with bouncing forward strategies. Points for practitioners The present study reveals the crucial role of perceived vulnerabilities and anticipatory capacities for local governments that face shocks and crises. While organizational responses in the sense of bouncing back (e.g. retrenchment, buffering, downsizing, cutbacks) are strongly linked to the associated vulnerabilities, the implementation of bouncing forward strategies (e.g. transformation, repositioning, reorientation) turns out to mainly be dependent on anticipatory capacities, which enable organizations to better recognize potential shocks before they arise. This emphasizes the importance of developing wider anticipatory capacities within local governments as a key element to cope effectively under difficult conditions, as well as to build and nurture a financial resilience culture.
Reasonable Parental and Medical Obligations in Pediatric Extraordinary Therapy
Authors: Pruski Michal , Gamble Nathan K. 
Published: June 2019

The English cases of Charlie Gard and Alfie Evans involved a conflict between the desires of their parents to preserve their children’s lives and judgments of their medical teams in pursuit of clinically appropriate therapy. The treatment the children required was clearly extraordinary, including a wide array of advanced life-sustaining technological support. The cases exemplify a clash of worldviews rooted in different philosophies of life and medical care. The article highlights the differing perspectives on parental authority in medical care in England, Canada, and the United States. Furthermore, it proposes a solution that accommodates for both reasonable parental desires and professional medical opinion. This is achieved by looking at concepts of extraordinary therapy, best interest, reasonable parenthood and medical objections. Summary: In cases where a child’s treatment involves extraordinary therapy, there is often a conflict of opinion between the medical team and the parents with regard to the best course of action. The assumption should be that responsible, caring parents make reasonable and acceptable decisions for the good of their children. Rather than focusing on making a hypothetical best interest judgment, courts should in the first instance side with the parents. Only when parents act unreasonably or malevolently should their wishes be overridden. This should not affect the medics' right to conscientiously object towards carrying out procedures that they deem to be medically unnecessary or harmful.
Previous Surgery and Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Kezirian Eric J. , Heiser Clemens , Steffen Armin , Boon Maurits , Hofauer Benedikt , Doghramji Karl , Maurer Joachim T. , Sommer J. Ulrich , Soose Ryan J. , Schwab Richard , Thaler Erica , Withrow Kirk , Kominsky Alan , Larsen Christopher G. , Hsia Jennifer , Mehra Reena , Waters Tina , Strohl Kingman ,   ADHERE Registry Investigators
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo examine whether previous palate or hypopharyngeal surgery was associated with efficacy of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with hypoglossal nerve stimulation.Study DesignCohort (retrospective and prospective).SettingEleven academic medical centers.Subjects and MethodsAdults treated with hypoglossal nerve stimulation were enrolled in the ADHERE Registry. Outcomes were defined by the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI), in 3 ways: change in the AHI and 2 definitions of therapy response requiring ≥50% reduction in the AHI to a level <20 events/h (Response20) or 15 events/h (Response15). Previous palate and hypopharyngeal (tongue, epiglottis, or maxillofacial) procedures were documented. Linear and logistic regression examined the association between previous palate or hypopharyngeal surgery and outcomes, with adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index.ResultsThe majority (73%, 217 of 299) had no previous palate or hypopharyngeal surgery, while 25% and 9% had previous palate or hypopharyngeal surgery, respectively, including 6% with previous palate and hypopharyngeal surgery. Baseline AHI (36.0 ± 15.6 events/h) decreased to 12.0 ± 13.3 at therapy titration (P <. 001) and 11.4 ± 12.6 at final follow‐up (P <. 001). Any previous surgery, previous palate surgery, and previous hypopharyngeal surgery were not clearly associated with treatment response; for example, any previous surgery was associated with a 0.69 (95% CI: 0.37, 1.27) odds of response (Response20 measure) at therapy titration and a 0.55 (95% CI: 0.22, 1.34) odds of response (Response20 measure) at final follow‐up.ConclusionPrevious upper airway surgery was not clearly associated with efficacy of hypoglossal nerve stimulation.
The serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the sleep-promoting effects of tryptophan: A randomized placebo-controlled crossover study
Authors: van Dalfsen Jens H , Markus C Rob 
Published: June 2019

Background: The low-expressive short (S) allele of a functional polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) within the serotonin (5-hydroxytriptamine; 5-HT) transporter gene (SLC6A4) has been associated with a reduced functioning of the brain 5-HT system relative to the long (L) allele. As a consequence, the S-allele is found to predispose individuals to a higher risk of sleep quality reduction and clinical insomnia. Aims: The present study investigated whether subchronic pre-sleep tryptophan administration could compensate for this predisposition by improving sleep in 5-HTTLPR S-allele carriers. Methods: In a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design a sample of homozygous 5-HTTLPR S-allele ( n = 47) and L-allele ( n = 51) carriers were assessed for subjective (sleep diary) and objective (actigraphy) sleep during a treatment protocol consisting of 1 week of placebo (1000 mg/day) and 1 week of tryptophan administration (1000 mg/day). Results: The results support the sleep-promoting effects of tryptophan. Tryptophan improved objective sleep efficiency and objective wake after sleep onset irrespective of allelic variation. There was a marginally significant improvement of subjective sleep quality in the 5-HTTLPR S-allele group but not in the L-allele group following tryptophan relative to placebo intake. In contrast, a significantly poorer sleep quality in the S-allele as opposed to the L-allele group in the placebo condition was not observed in the tryptophan condition. Conclusions: Tryptophan augmentation promises to be a valuable treatment strategy for sleep impairments related to genetic deficiencies in 5-HT functioning.
The effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on low-frequency activity and functional connectivity in the brain of adults with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Authors: Pretzsch Charlotte M , Voinescu Bogdan , Mendez Maria A , Wichers Robert , Ajram Laura , Ivin Glynis , Heasman Martin , Williams Steven , Murphy Declan GM , Daly Eileen , McAlonan Gráinne M 
Published: June 2019

Background: The potential benefits of cannabis and its major non-intoxicating component cannabidiol (CBD) are attracting attention, including as a potential treatment in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural action of CBD, and its relevance to ASD, remains unclear. We and others have previously shown that response to drug challenge can be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but that pharmacological responsivity is atypical in ASD. Aims: We hypothesized that there would be a (different) fMRI response to CBD in ASD. Methods: To test this, task-free fMRI was acquired in 34 healthy men (half with ASD) following oral administration of 600 mg CBD or matched placebo (random order; double-blind administration). The ‘fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations’ (fALFF) was measured across the whole brain, and, where CBD significantly altered fALFF, we tested if functional connectivity (FC) of those regions was also affected by CBD. Results: CBD significantly increased fALFF in the cerebellar vermis and the right fusiform gyrus. However, post-hoc within-group analyses revealed that this effect was primarily driven by the ASD group, with no significant change in controls. Within the ASD group only, CBD also significantly altered vermal FC with several of its subcortical (striatal) and cortical targets, but did not affect fusiform FC with other regions in either group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, especially in ASD, CBD alters regional fALFF and FC in/between regions consistently implicated in ASD. Future studies should examine if this affects the complex behaviours these regions modulate.
Prevalence of triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries in patients with distal radius fractures: a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Yan Bingshan , Xu Zhaoning , Chen Yanchao , Yin Wangping 
Published: June 2019

Objective This study was performed to determine the prevalence of triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries as shown by 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with distal radius fractures. Methods In total, 57 patients with distal radius fractures underwent 3.0T MRI examinations to observe the incidence of TFCC injuries after manual reduction and cast fixation. The fracture type was categorized by the AO classiﬁcation, and the TFCC injury pattern was evaluated using the Palmer classiﬁcation. The correlation between the location of the TFCC injury and the distal radius fracture pattern, distal radioulnar joint instability, or ulnar styloid fracture was analyzed. Results Fifty-five TFCC injuries were diagnosed. There was no significant relationship between the TFCC injury pattern and the type of distal radius fracture, distal radioulnar joint instability, or ulnar styloid fracture. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of TFCC injuries in patients with distal radius fractures. The 3.0T MRI examination helps to assess TFCC injuries in patients with distal radius fractures. Clinical Trial Registration ChiCTR1800017101.
Understanding the Challenges of Induction of Lactation and Relactation for Non-Gestating Spanish Mothers
Authors: Cazorla-Ortiz Gemma , Galbany-Estragués Paola , Obregón-Gutiérrez Noemí , Goberna-Tricas Josefina 
Published: June 2019

Background Induced lactation and relactation are the processes that enable breastfeeding in non-gestating mothers. Research aim The aim of this study was to describe and interpret the challenges faced by mothers who undergo induced breastfeeding and relactation for adopted infants, infants born via surrogacy, and infants born to same-sex female partners. Methods A qualitative study was performed using in-depth interviews conducted with Spanish women ( N = 9) who had decided to undergo induced lactation or relactation. The data were collected between October 2014 and May 2017. The length of the study was due to the difficulty in locating and recruiting the sample. Interviews were transcribed and coded with the ATLAS.ti v.7.5.7 software. We performed a deductive thematic analysis, creating categories based on the interview questions, which we developed on the basis of previous literature about induced lactation and relactation. Results Participants described the following challenges: the physical hardships of the process; breastfeeding problems; difficulty with accessing information about induced lactation or relactation; and lack of support from health professionals. Breastfeeding periods lasted from 1.5 months to 4 years. Participants reported that breastfeeding increased the closeness between the mother and child and that this feeling of closeness tended to decrease after breastfeeding cessation. Conclusion We offer data and analysis that can improve our understanding of the lived experiences of women undergoing the process of relactation or induced lactation and may help guide intervention strategies to support women in this situation.