bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of oligopeptide‐20 and oligopeptide‐24 in cosmetic creams using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Giannakou Maria , Varvaresou Athanasia , Kiriazopoulos Evaggelos , Papageorgiou Spiridon , Kavvalou Eirini , Tsirivas Efstathios , Panderi Irene 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPeptides are a very popular category of cosmetic ingredients covering a wide range of applications in cosmetics. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography is promising for the analysis and separation of such polar substances. In this work, the chromatographic behaviour of oligopeptide‐20 and oligopeptide‐24 was initially investigated on a zwitterionic ZIC®‐HILIC analytical column under isocratic elution with UV detection. Then, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with positive ion electrospray mass spectrometric assay was developed and validated for the quantitation of these peptides in cosmetic creams. All analytes were separated by using a polymeric zwitterionic ZIC®‐pHILIC analytical column (150.0 × 2.1 mm i.d., particle size 3.5 μm, 200 Å) with isocratic elution. The mobile phase was composed of a 28% 32.5 mM ammonium formate water solution pH 9.5 in acetonitrile and pumped at a flow rate of 0.25 mL min−1. A run time of less than 11 min for each sample made it possible to analyze a large number of samples per day. This is the first reported application of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography in the simultaneous determination of oligopeptide‐20 and oligopeptide‐24 in cosmetic creams and it can be used to support routine quality control of these products.
Fatty acid binding protein deletion prevents stress‐induced preference for cocaine and dampens stress‐induced corticosterone levels
Authors: Hamilton John , Marion Matthew , Figueiredo Antonio , Clavin Brendan H. , Deutsch Dale , Kaczocha Martin , Haj‐Dahmane Samir , Thanos Panayotis K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGenetic and pharmacological manipulation of endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling has previously been shown to have an important role on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse, including cocaine. Recently, fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) have been proposed as intracellular transporters of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) as well as other bioactive lipids to their catabolic enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). The role of these transporters in modulating the brains reward system has yet to be investigated. This study examined the effects of genetic deletion of FABP 5/7 on cocaine preference, as assessed by the Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) paradigm. Male and female wild type (WT) and FABP 5/7 KO mice showed similar acquisition of cocaine CPP, with no differences found in overall locomotor activity. In addition, while male and female WT mice showed stress‐induced CPP for cocaine, male and female FABP 5/7 KO mice failed to show a stress‐induced preference for the cocaine‐paired chamber. Additionally, serum corticosterone levels were analyzed to explore any potential differences in stress response that may be responsible for the lack of stress‐induced preference for cocaine. Serum samples were obtained in animals under basal conditions as well as following a 30‐min tube restraint stress. Male and female FABP 5/7 KO mice showed reduced corticosterone levels under stress compared to their WT counterparts. The reduction in corticosterone response under stress may mediate that lack of a stress‐induced preference for cocaine in the FABP 5/7 KO mice. Thus, the role of FABPs may play an important role in drug‐seeking behavior under stressful conditions.
Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Meng Changting , Bai Chunmei , Brown Thomas D. , Hood Leroy E. , Tian Qiang 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also interfere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers) and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Genome Writing: Current Progress and Related Applications
Authors: Wang Yueqiang , Shen Yue , Gu Ying , Zhu Shida , Yin Ye 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The ultimate goal of synthetic biology is to build customized cells or organisms to meet specific industrial or medical needs. The most important part of the customized cell is a synthetic genome. Advanced genomic writing technologies are required to build such an artificial genome. Recently, the partially-completed synthetic yeast genome project represents a milestone in this field. In this mini review, we briefly introduce the techniques for de novo genome synthesis and genome editing. Furthermore, we summarize recent research progresses and highlight several applications in the synthetic genome field. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future prospects.
Multi objective self adaptive optimization method to maximize ampacity and minimize cost of underground cables
Authors: Zarchi Davoud Abootorabi , Vahidi Behrooz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This study presents a novel algorithm for the optimal placement of underground cables in a concrete duct bank to simultaneously maximize ampacity and minimize cable system cost for the first time. The self-adaptive particle swarm optimization (SAPSO) method -which has been used to solve multi-objective optimization problems- is used to solve the multi-objective problem. The main novelty of this paper is finding optimal cable placement by finding maximum ampacity and minimum cable system cost, simultaneously. The proposed method is used in a test case to show how the cable placement is affected by the total ampacity and cable cost in the duct bank. The obtained results show the total fundamental ampacity decrease and the total cable cost increase, on the existence of power system harmonics. The output of the optimization problem is a Pareto optimal solution which gives the cable placement for the concurrent maximized ampacity and minimized total cost. As a case in point, at a specific ampacity of the worst cable configuration, the total cable system cost is more than the total cost of the cable configuration obtained from the optimal Pareto solution, based on simulation results.
Highlights An analytical formula is studied to compute the temperature of underground cables. The Thermal Margin Index (TMI) is introduced and the probability of unreliability is calculated. Obtained simulation results have shown that HPEM requires less input data.
Multiple distant organ metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of the lower gingiva that followed a rapid course: An autopsy case report
Authors: Kumagai Akiko , Mikami Toshinari , Takeda Yasunori , Sugiyama Yoshiki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe experienced a rare case, which was distant organ metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and had deteriorated rapidly. An 80‐year‐old man was transported to hospital because of a sudden loss of consciousness. A tumor was found in his right mandibular gingiva, which was histopathologically diagnosed as SCC. A large tumor was detected in the pelvic soft tissue on a thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan. The patient died on the 22nd day after he was admitted to hospital. We performed an autopsy. The autopsy revealed multiple distant organ metastases, and all of the lesions were histopathologically diagnosed as SCC.
Research coordinator networks and support models among academic health centers in the CTSA consortium
Authors: Baedorf Kassis Sylvia , Winkler Sabune , Gianforti Min J. , Needler Nancy A. 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionResearch coordinators (RCs) are vital to the clinical research enterprise, ensuring research is conducted ethically, results are scientifically sound and human research subjects are protected. Given the absence of a prior systematic inquiry, we sought to understand the ways in which Clinical & Translational Science Award-funded academic health centers support RCs.MethodsOur survey asked questions about existing coordinator networks and where none existed, collected data on the characterization of resources and services provided to support RCs (outside of salary).ResultsFindings show 4 mechanisms support RCs: identification of the workforce, professionalization of the position, dissemination of information, and offering of services.ConclusionAn academic health center that wishes to deliver research training and services to their RC workforce will need identification and communication structures in place before supportive activities can be effectively implemented.
A Chemical-Biological-Radio-Nuclear (CBRN) Filter can be Added to the Air-Outflow Port of a Ventilator to Protect a Home Ventilated Patient From Inhalation of Toxic Industrial Compounds
Authors: Be’eri Eliezer , Owen Simon , Beeri Maurit , Millis Scott R. , Eisenkraft Arik 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivesChemical-biological-radio-nuclear (CBRN) gas masks are the standard means for protecting the general population from inhalation of toxic industrial compounds (TICs), for example after industrial accidents or terrorist attacks. However, such gas masks would not protect patients on home mechanical ventilation, as ventilator airflow would bypass the CBRN filter. We therefore evaluated in vivo the safety of adding a standard-issue CBRN filter to the air-outflow port of a home ventilator, as a method for providing TIC protection to such patients.MethodsEight adult patients were included in the study. All had been on stable, chronic ventilation via a tracheostomy for at least 3 months before the study. Each patient was ventilated for a period of 1 hour with a standard-issue CBRN filter canister attached to the air-outflow port of their ventilator. Physiological and airflow measurements were made before, during, and after using the filter, and the patients reported their subjective sensation of ventilation continuously during the trial.ResultsFor all patients, and throughout the entire study, no deterioration in any of the measured physiological parameters and no changes in measured airflow parameters were detected. All patients felt no subjective difference in the sensation of ventilation with the CBRN filter canister in situ, as compared with ventilation without it. This was true even for those patients who were breathing spontaneously and thus activating the ventilator’s trigger/sensitivity function. No technical malfunctions of the ventilators occurred after addition of the CBRN filter canister to the air-outflow ports of the ventilators.ConclusionsA CBRN filter canister can be added to the air-outflow port of chronically ventilated patients, without causing an objective or subjective deterioration in the quality of the patients’ mechanical ventilation. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:739-743)
Searching forHomo Economicus
Authors: DiMaggio Paul , Goldberg Amir 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEconomic sociologists agree that economic rationality is constructed and that morality and economic interests intersect. Yet we know little about how people organize economic beliefs or judge the morality of markets. We use Relational Class Analysis to identify three subsets of respondents whose members construe economic markets in distinct ways. Subsamples display more structure than the full sample in associations among attitudes, and between attitudes and sociodemographic predictors. The economically advantaged favor market solutions in each subset, but religious and political identities, respectively, predict pro-market views uniquely in subsamples that construe markets through a religious or political lens. Results illustrate the value of distinguishing between construals and positions, and of examining population heterogeneity in opinion data. Self-interest drives faith in markets, but only when people construe markets in ways consistent with their religious and political faiths.
Performance of Arma chinensis reared on an artificial diet formulated using transcriptomic methods
Authors: Zou D.Y. , Coudron T.A. , Zhang L.S. , Gu X.S. , Xu W.H. , Liu X.L. , Wu H.H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAn artificial diet formulated for continuous rearing of the predator Arma chinensis was inferior to natural prey when evaluated using life history parameters. A transcriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes in diet-fed and prey-fed A. chinensis that were suggestive of molecular mechanisms underlying the nutritive impact of the artificial diet. Changes in the diet formulation were made based on the transcriptome analysis and tested using life history parameters. The quantity of pig liver, chicken egg, tuna fish, biotin, nicotinamide, vitamin B6, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, L-glutamine, and sucrose was reduced, and wheat germ oil, calcium pantothenate and folic acid were increased. Ecuadorian shrimp was added as a partial substitute for tuna fish. Several parameters improved over six generations, including increased egg viability, and decreased egg and adult cannibalism. Additionally, several parameters declined, including longer developmental times for 2nd–5th instars, and decreased nymphal weights. The improvements in life history parameters support the use of transcriptome analyses to help direct formulation improvements. However, the decline in some parameters suggests that additional information, e.g., proteomic data, may be useful as well to maximize diet formulations.
Functional characteristics of chemosensory proteins in the sawyer beetle Monochamus alternatus Hope
Authors: Ali S. , Ahmed M.Z. , Li N. , Ali S.A.I. , Wang M.-Q. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a major pest of pines and it is also the key vector of the exotic pinewood nematode in China. In the present study, we cloned, expressed, and purified a chemosensory protein (CSP) in M. alternatus. We surveyed its expression in various developmental stages of male and female adult tissues and determined its binding affinities for different pine volatiles using a competitive binding fluorescence assay. A CSP known as CSP5 in M. alternatus was obtained from an antennal cDNA library and expressed in Escherichia coli. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the CSP5 gene was mainly expressed in male and female antennae. Competitive binding assays were performed to test the binding affinity of recombinant CSP5 to 13 odour molecules of pine volatiles. The results showed that CSP5 showed very strong binding abilities to myrcene, (+)-β-pinene, and (−)-isolongifolene, whereas the volatiles 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, p-cymene, and (+)-limonene oxide have relatively weak binding affinity at pH 5.0. Three volatiles myrcene, (+)-β-pinene, and (−)-isolongifolene may play crucial roles in CSP5 binding with ligands but this needs further study for confirmation. The sensitivity of insect to host plant volatiles can effectively be used to control and monitor the population through mass trapping as part of integrated pest management programs.
Speaking in Confused Tongues: Constructing Babelian Towers in Constitutional Times
Authors: Mokoena Mabowa Thomas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe South African Constitution recognizes the use of 11 official languages within “provincial” and “national” government on the basis of “parity of esteem”. However, it does not specifically refer to the recognition and use of language in tribunals. Any perceived attribution is couched in generic terms that are open to interpretation, as evidenced in the cases of Matomela, Damoyi and Pienaar. The employment of a single language policy in court proceedings, as advocated in Matomela and Damoyi is probably the most sensible, pragmatic and plausible language policy imaginable. Such a position would be desirable to ensure speedier and simpler proceedings. However, it would, as argued in Pienaar, not only accord primacy and prominence to a single language, but would operate contrary to the spirit of plurality, multilingualism and inclusivity, which forms the bedrock of the current constitutional dispensation. Meanwhile, the dominance of English and (to a lesser extent) Afrikaans continues almost unabated, despite the principles of inclusivity championed by the Constitution.
Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: is our operative management evidence-based?
Authors: Pabla L , Duffin J , Flood L , Blackmore K 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground:Despite the plethora of publications on the subject of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea, there seems to be wide variability in the literature and in practice, regarding recourse to surgery, the operation chosen, the benefits gained and post-operative management. This may reflect a lack of high-level evidence.Methods:A systematic review of four significant controversies in paediatric ENT was conducted from the available literature: tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy, focusing on the evidence base for each; anaesthetic considerations in paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea surgery; the objective evidence for the benefits of surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea; and the medical treatment options for residual obstructive sleep apnoea after surgical treatment.Results and conclusion:There are many gaps in the evidence base for the surgical correction of obstructive sleep apnoea. There is emerging evidence favouring subtotal tonsillectomy. There is continuing uncertainty around the prediction of the level of post-operative care that any individual child might require. The long-term benefit of surgical correction is a particularly fertile ground for further research.
Segmental superficial parotidectomy in the surgical treatment of benign parotid tumours
Authors: Eski E , Sökmen M F , Yilmaz I 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of segmental superficial parotidectomy in the surgical treatment of benign parotid tumours.Methods:Patients who underwent parotidectomy for benign primary parotid tumours limited to the superficial lobe were retrospectively reviewed. Tumour location, size, surgical procedure, follow-up period, complications and recurrence rates were noted.Results:The study included a total of 39 patients: 22 underwent segmental superficial parotidectomy (group 1) and 17 underwent superficial parotidectomy (group 2). The mean follow-up period was 41.79 months (range, 13–85 months). There were no recurrences in either group during the follow-up period. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of tumour size, complications or recurrence rates.Conclusion:Segmental superficial parotidectomy is a safe and effective option in the surgical treatment of benign parotid tumours.
Medialisation thyroplasty with tensor fascia lata: a novel approach for reducing post-thyroplasty complications
Authors: Chao T N , Mahmoud A , Rajasekaran K , Mirza N 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground:Medialisation thyroplasty is considered the ‘gold standard’ treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis, enabling improvement of voice and swallowing function, and preventing life-threatening aspiration events. The most commonly used laryngeal implants induce some degree of local tissue inflammatory response, and carry the risk of immediate or delayed implant extrusion.Methods:This paper describes a novel approach for medialisation thyroplasty. Specifically, it utilises a ribbon of autologous tensor fascia lata harvested at the time of surgery. This is layered within the paraglottic space in a manner similar to Gore-Tex thyroplasty.Results:Thus far, this method has been accomplished in two patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis, who also received prior radiotherapy to the head and neck.Conclusion:Given the increased risk of post-operative wound breakdown and infection in irradiated patients, it is suggested that this new approach will lead to improved outcomes, and a decrease in complications such as extrusion or wound infection, particularly in this patient population.
Satire's Censorial Waters in Horace and Juvenal
Authors: Freudenburg Kirk 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper concerns the water imagery of two iconic passages of Roman satire: Horace's figuration of Lucilius as a river churning with mud atSat.1.4.11, and the transformation of that image at Juvenal,Sat.3.62–8 (the Orontes flowing into the Tiber). It posits new ways of reckoning with the codifications and further potentials of these images by establishing points of contact with the workings of water in the Roman world. The main point of reference will be to the work of Rome's censors, who were charged not only with protecting the moral health of the state, but with ensuring the purity and abundance of the city's water supply as well.
Like one of the family? Understanding relationships between migrant live-in care workers and older care recipients in Israel
Authors: TESHUVA KAREN , COHEN-MANSFIELD JISKA , IECOVICH ESTHER , GOLANDER HAVA 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTFrail older people worldwide are increasingly being cared for in their own homes by migrant live-in care workers; however, extant literature on care relationships in this care context is sparse. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore the quality and the nature of care relationships between full-time, live-in migrant care workers and older people in Israel. Quantitative and qualitative data were drawn from a 2014 survey of 116 migrant care workers and 73 older care recipients. Mean scores for four quantitative items relating to care relationships were examined and independent samplest-tests and Pearson correlations were performed, whereas qualitative data were examined using thematic analysis. Credibility of qualitative findings was checked by peer review. Most older people and migrant care workers gave high ratings to the four items. Significant correlations between the two groups were found for their responses on all four relationship items assessed, with only one item (‘get along well’) producing significantt-test differences. Qualitative data provided a deeper understanding of the quantitative ratings of care relationships. Four major qualitative themes emerged as inextricably tied with both groups’ perceptions of positive care relationships. These were: an emotional connection; reciprocity; effective communication; and meeting the older person's care needs. Study findings were interpreted through the theoretical lens of relationship-centred care. Implications of the findings for theory, practice and further research are discussed.