bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Workforce 4.0 in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and proposing a road map from operations management perspective with fuzzy DEMATEL
Authors: Kazancoglu Yigit , Ozkan-Ozen Yesim Deniz 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to present a structural competency model; second, to remark new criteria for personnel selection in Industry 4.0 environment; and third, to contribute to the operations management literature by focusing on recruitment process in Industry 4.0 environment and supporting human resources activities with Industry 4.0 related criteria and point out a new research field in Industry 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach
Fuzzy DEMATEL has been used in the implementation. The study is conducted in a high-tech firm, which has started to modify its processes according to Industry 4.0, and introduces a new specific department that is responsible of this transformation. In total, 11 personnel selection criteria were presented and then assessed by experts through a fuzzy linguistic scale. Both importance order and causal relation between criteria are presented at the end of the study.

Findings
According to the results, the most important criteria in the selected firm are the ability of dealing with complexity and problem solving, thinking in overlapping process, and flexibility to adapt new roles and work environments. While cause group includes criteria such as knowledge on IT and production technologies, awareness of IT security and data protection, and ability of fault and error recovery, effect group includes flexibility to adapt new roles and work environments, organizational and processual understanding, and the ability to interact with modern interfaces.

Practical implications
Analytical thinking and system approach are the key topics for new supporting personnel selection criteria, which lead to the need for the skills and qualifications in decision making and process management. Results of the cause group criteria also indicate the importance of technical abilities such as coding, IT security and human-machine interfaces. On the other hand, effect group of the study emphasizes on the flexibility and interdisciplinary working structure that suggests the suitability of matrix organization in the companies which follow the Industry 4.0 trends. Moreover, team work comes forward as another key concept for organizations transforming to Industry 4.0.

Originality/value
The originality of this study appears on modeling of a competency structural model for Workforce 4.0 which is proposed as a road map, including the suggested set of related criteria and the fuzzy MCDM-based methodology for companies which alter their organizations according to Industry 4.0.
The current innovation status of university libraries in Pakistan
Authors: Awais Sania , Ameen Kanwal 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the current status of innovations in the university libraries of Pakistan because desire for reshaping the university libraries is now the necessity for full filling the mission of higher education, i.e. to be competitive and compatible in international market.

Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative method is adopted for measuring the occurrence of innovations. The content is based on the literature, the researchers’ 20 years’ experience and the websites of all the 183 universities of Pakistan have been reviewed for this purpose. A checklist of 40 innovation used in ACRL libraries and prepared by a researcher, Jantz (2013) is used as a yard stick.

Findings
The findings indicate that a large majority (85%) of university libraries, have not adopted these innovations. Only 15 percent of university libraries all over Pakistan are relatively better on the innovation adoption scale.

Originality/value
The aspects discussed in the context of Pakistan may catch the attentions for improvement of university libraries, and growth of respective professional. It is assumed that the situation is similar to other type of libraries (college and public) and also in neighboring developing countries. So, the work will raise the awareness among professionals of other countries as well.
The effects of congruency of environmental issue and product category and green reputation on consumer responses toward green advertising
Authors: Shin Sumin , Ki Eyun-Jung 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the congruence effect of the product and claimed environmental issue on green advertising on consumer responses as well as the moderation effect of the perceived green reputation of the product on the congruence effect.Design/methodology/approachA two-by-two designed experiment (high/low congruence × high/low green reputation) with a covariate (ad skepticism) was conducted via online survey recruiting 179 college students.FindingsHigh congruence of green issue and product category generated positive ad attitude, sponsor attitude, behavioral intention (BI), sponsor credibility and message credibility. Low green reputation positively affected ad attitude and BI. An interaction effect of congruence and green reputation on BI occurred.Originality/valueThis study contributes to suggest a new approach to green reputation by examining a perception of a product category in terms of green reputation. The study findings recommend marketing communication managers to keep high congruence of their product category and claimed environmental issue to maximize communication effectiveness.
Mental toughness and perceived stress in police and fire officers
Authors: Ward Fiona , St Clair-Thompson Helen , Postlethwaite Alex 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Mental toughness describes a set of attributes relating to how individuals deal with challenges, stressors, and pressure. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between mental toughness and perceived stress in police and fire officers.

Design/methodology/approach
The participants were 247 police officers and 130 fire fighters. Participants completed questionnaire measures of mental toughness and perceived stress, and provided information about their age, rank, and length of service within the force.

Findings
Mental toughness was found to be significantly related to perceived stress, with control of emotion, control of life, and confidence in abilities being particularly important. There was no consistent relationship of age, rank, or length of service with mental toughness and perceived stress. However, police officers reported lower levels of mental toughness and higher levels of perceived stress than fire officers.

Practical implications
The results suggest that assessing police and fire officers on a measure of mental toughness could provide a means of identifying individuals more likely to suffer from stress and stress-related physical and psychological illness. In addition, interventions that may enhance mental toughness could have beneficial effects within this population.

Originality/value
This is the first study to examine mental toughness and perceived stress within this population, and the findings have important implications for the management of stress.
Law enforcement suicide: a review
Authors: Violanti John M. , Owens Sherry L. , McCanlies Erin , Fekedulegn Desta , Andrew Michael E. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a review of law enforcement suicide research from 1997 to 2016.Design/methodology/approachThe PRISMA systematic review methodology was implemented. A SCOPUS search identified a total of 97 documents. After applying all exclusion criteria, the results included a list of 44 articles in the review.FindingsOverall, studies investigating law enforcement suicide rates show conflicting results, with some studies showing lower suicide rates among law enforcement, some showing higher rates, and some showing no difference to comparison populations. Recurring research themes were lack of an appropriate comparison group, and small statistical power, particularly for minority and female officers. Stressors related to suicide among police included lack of organizational support, traumatic events, shift work, stigma associated with asking for help, or problems associated with fitting in with the police culture. Problems associated with domestic relationships and alcohol use were commonly mentioned as precursors to suicide or as correlates of suicidal ideation and were hypothesized to arise from stressful working conditions.Research limitations/implicationsSome limitations in law enforcement suicide research include the lack of theory, under-reporting of suicides, and guarded survey responses from police officers. Future directions in police suicide research include investigating etiological factors such as past adverse life and family experiences, social-ecological variation in suicide, or differences in suicide rates within the law enforcement occupation.Practical implicationsPolice work, given chronic and traumatic stress, lack of support, danger, and close public scrutiny is a fertile occupation for increased suicide risk. Awareness of the scope of the problem and associated risk factors can help to initiate prevention programs.Originality/valueThis paper provides a long-term review of literature regarding police suicidality, with suggestions for research and prevention.
Fear, victimization, and community characteristics on citizen satisfaction with the police
Authors: Circo Giovanni , Melde Chris , Mcgarrell Edmund F. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between fear of victimization, actual victimization, and community-level characteristics on citizen satisfaction with police. This study attempts to clarify important factors in how citizens view the police, while accounting for contextual, neighborhood-level variables.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilized a representative victimization survey conducted in Saginaw, MI in 2015. Utilizing a sample of 824 individuals, an ordinary least-squares model was fit in order to determine the effects of reported victimization, fear of victimization, and neighborhood characteristics on satisfaction with police. The authors utilized interaction terms to model varying effects between the East and West sides of the city.FindingsThe study found that fear of victimization was related to lower satisfaction with police, while actual victimization had an inconsistent effect when community satisfaction and collective efficacy were accounted for. The authors found the effect was present only in the more affluent western portion of the city. Furthermore, the authors found that non-white residents reported much lower satisfaction with police than white residents.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors were unable to disaggregate respondents to smaller geographical units than an East\West measure, which limits the authors’ ability to discuss small-scale contexts at the block, or block-group level.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that concerted efforts to reduce fear of crime may increase satisfaction with police, but this effect may be based on neighborhood context. Improving collective efficacy and community satisfaction may provide additional ways to improve citizen satisfaction with police.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the literature examining the relationship between victimization, fear of crime, and satisfaction with police.
Ecological response of nitrification to oil spills and its impact on the nitrogen cycle
Authors: Urakawa Hidetoshi , Rajan Suja , Feeney Megan E. , Sobecky Patricia A. , Mortazavi Behzad 
Published: August 2018

SummaryMarine oil spills are catastrophic events that cause massive damage to ecosystems at all trophic levels. While most of the research has focused on carbon‐degrading microorganisms, the potential impacts of hydrocarbons on microbes responsible for nitrification have received far less attention. Nitrifiers are sensitive to hydrocarbon toxicity: ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria and archaea being 100 and 1000 times more sensitive than typical heterotrophs respectively. Field studies have demonstrated the response of nitrifiers to hydrocarbons is highly variable and the loss of nitrification activity in coastal ecosystems can be restored within 1–2 years, which is much shorter than the typical recovery time of whole ecosystems (e.g., up to 20 years). Since the denitrification process is mainly driven by heterotrophs, which are more resistant to hydrocarbon toxicity than nitrifiers, the inhibition of nitrification may slow down the nitrogen turnover and increase ammonia availability, which supports the growth of oil‐degrading heterotrophs and possibly various phototrophs. A better understanding of the ecological response of nitrification is paramount in predicting impacts of oil spills on the nitrogen cycle under oil spill conditions, and in improving current bioremediation practices.
Comparison of Approaches for Aggregating Quality Measures in Population‐based Payment Models
Authors: McDowell Alex , Nguyen Christina A. , Chernew Michael E. , Tran Kevin N. , McWilliams J. Michael , Landon Bruce E. , Landrum Mary Beth 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of alternative methods of aggregating individual quality measures on Accountable Care Organization (ACO) overall scores.Data Source2014 quality scores for Medicare ACOs.Study DesignWe compare ACO overall scores derived using CMS’ aggregation approach to those derived using alternative approaches to grouping and weighting measures.Principal FindingsAlternative grouping and weighting methods based on statistical criteria produced overall quality scores similar to those produced using CMS’ approach (κ = 0.80 to 0.95). Scores derived from giving specific domains greater weight were less similar (κ = 0.51 to 0.93).ConclusionsHow measures are grouped into domains and how these domains are weighted to generate overall scores can have important implications for ACO's shared savings payments.
Functional analysis of UGT201D3 associated with abamectin resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval)
Authors: Wang Meng‐Yao , Liu Xin‐Yang , Shi Li , Liu Jia‐Lu , Shen Guang‐Mao , Zhang Ping , Lu Wen‐Cai , He Lin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUridine diphosphate (UDP)‐glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are widely distributed within living organisms and share roles in biotransformation of various lipophilic endo‐ and xenobiotics with activated UDP sugars. In this study, it was found that the activity of UGTs in abamectin‐resistant (AbR) strain was significantly higher (2.35‐fold) than that in susceptible strain (SS) of Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Further analysis showed that 5‐nitrouracil, the inhibitor of UGTs, could enhance the lethal effect of abamectin on mites. From the previous microarray results, we found an UGT gene (UGT201D3) overexpressed in AbR strain. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that UGT201D3 was highly expressed and more inducible with abamectin exposure in the AbR strain. After silencing the transcription of UGT201D3, the activity of UGTs was decreased and the susceptibility to abamectin was increased in AbR strain whereas it was not in SS. Furthermore, UGT201D3 gene was then successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant UGT201D3 exhibited α‐naphthol activity (2.81 ± 0.43 nmol/mg protein/min), and the enzyme activity could be inhibited by abamectin (inhibitory concentration at 50%: 57.50 ± 3.54 μmol/L). High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated that the recombinant UGT201D3 could effectively deplete abamectin (15.77% ± 3.72%) incubating with 150 μg protein for 6 h. These results provided direct evidence that UGT201D3 was involved in abamectin resistance in T. cinnabarinus.
Exercise training ameliorates bleomycin‐induced epithelial mesenchymal transition and lung fibrosis through restoration of H2S synthesis
Authors: Du Shu‐Fang , Wang Xiu‐Li , Ye Chang‐Lin , He Ze‐Jia , Li Dong‐Xia , Du Bai‐Ren , Liu Yu‐Jian , Zhu Xiao‐Yan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimsClinical trials have shown the beneficial effects of exercise training against pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate whether prophylactic intervention with exercise training attenuates lung fibrosis via modulating endogenous hydrogen sulphde (H2S) generation.MethodsFirst, ICR mice were allocated to Control, Bleomycin, Exercise, and Bleomycin + Exercise groups. Treadmill exercise began on day 1 and continued for 4 weeks. A single intratracheal dose of bleomycin (3 mg/kg) was administered on day 15. Second, ICR mice were allocated to Control, Bleomycin, H2S, and Bleomycin + H2S groups. H2S donor NaHS (28 μmol/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once daily for 2 weeks.ResultsBleomycin‐treated mice exhibited increased levels of collagen deposition, hydroxyproline, collagen I, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, Smad2/Smad3/low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related proteins (LRP‐6)/glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) phosphorylation, and Smad4/β‐catenin expression in lung tissues (P < 0.01), which was alleviated by exercise training (P < 0.01 except for Smad4 and phosphorylated GSK‐3β: P < 0.05). Bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis was associated with increased α smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and decreased E‐cadherin expression (P < 0.01). Double immunofluorescence staining showed the co‐localization of E‐cadherin/α‐SMA, indicating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) formation, which was ameliorated by exercise training. Moreover, exercise training restored bleomycin‐induced downregulation of cystathionine‐β‐synthase (CBS) and cystathionine‐γ‐lyase (CSE) expression, as well as H2S generation in lung tissue (P < 0.01). NaHS treatment attenuated bleomycin‐induced TGF‐β1 production, activation of LRP‐6/β‐catenin signalling, EMT and lung fibrosis (P < 0.01 except for β‐catenin: P < 0.05).ConclusionExercise training restores bleomycin‐induced downregulation of pulmonary CBS/CSE expression, thus contributing to the increased H2S generation and suppression of TGF‐β1/Smad and LRP‐6/β‐catenin signalling pathways, EMT and lung fibrosis.
The Unabomber’s ethics
Authors: Moen Ole Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, I present and criticize Ted Kaczynski’s (“The Unabomber”) theory that industrialization has been terrible for humanity, and that we should use any means necessary, including violent means, to induce a return to pre‐industrial ways of living. Although Kaczynski’s manifesto, Industrial society and its future, has become widely known, his ideas have never before been subject to careful philosophical criticism. In this paper I show how Kaczynski’s arguments rely on a number of highly implausible philosophical premises. I further make the case that, although his theory as a whole should be rejected, Kaczynski raises a number of worries about technological development that ought to receive serious attention. Some of these worries have recently come to be shared by prominent defenders of human enhancement, including Nick Bostrom and Julian Savulescu. In the last section I indicate why I believe it is important that academic philosophers scrutinize ideas that motivate acts of violence.
Infection and wound breakdown in spontaneous second‐degree perineal tears: An exploratory mixed methods study
Authors: Wiseman Octavia , Rafferty Anne M. , Stockley Jane , Murrells Trevor , Bick Debra 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundPerineal trauma affects large numbers of women who have a vaginal birth. This study explores the incidence, etiology and women's experiences of wound infection/breakdown associated with spontaneous second degree tears.MethodsThis was an exploratory mixed methods study set in an urban tertiary National Health Service hospital in 2014‐2015. The study included a prospective observational study of second‐degree tears using electronic patient records. Infection was defined using criteria adapted from Public Health England's Surgical Site Infection Surveillance Service. We also did a case‐control study of maternity records to explore factors associated with perineal infection/wound breakdown, and semi‐structured interviews with a purposeful sample of women who experienced wound infection/breakdown.ResultsOf 2892 vaginal births during the study period, 76.8% sustained perineal trauma, with second‐degree tears most commonly recorded (n = 828/28.6%). Sixteen (1.9%) had a documented infection/wound breakdown which were associated with “compromised wound status” (increased severity of wound/poor suturing; P = 0.033) Women complained of a lack of information about their perineum and poor postnatal surveillance by midwives and physicians. Diagnosis and treatment were often delayed by clinicians’ reliance on external signs of wound infection. Although the sample size was small, there were no differences in rates of infection between sutured and unsutured second‐degree tears.ConclusionsAlthough second‐degree tears were common after vaginal birth, wound infection/breakdown was relatively uncommon. Women who report feeling unwell or develop pyrexia postnatally should be assessed urgently. A prospective longitudinal study exploring the long‐term sequelae of second‐degree tears is needed.
The Effects of Occupational Licensing: Evidence from Business‐Level Data
Authors: Zapletal Marek 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOccupational licensing currently affects more than 1,000 occupations in the United States. I use confidential US Census Bureau business micro‐data to shed light on the effect of occupational licensing in cosmetology on key market outcomes and study its effect on the providers of occupational training. Occupational licensing regulation does not seem to affect the equilibrium number of practitioners or prices of services to consumers, but is associated with significantly lower practitioner entry and exit rates. I further find states with more stringent licensing requirements to have more instructors and a larger median size of training facilities, suggesting possible barriers to entry for the training schools. Instructors, however, do not earn more in such states.