bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acids profile of Serra da Estrela PDO cheeses and respective atherogenic and thrombogenic indices
Authors: Reis Lima Maria João , Fontes Luisa , Bahri Hamdi , Veloso Ana C.A. , Teixeira-Lemos Edite , Peres António M. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This study aims to determine the physicochemical and fatty acids composition of Serra da Estrela cheese (SEC), as well as health-related lipid indices, like the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, and to evaluate the influence of producer, geographical origin and production date.

Design/methodology/approach
All 24 SEC produced between November 2017 and March 2018 were collected at selected certified producers and analyzed by NIR spectrophotometer and by GC. Data were statistically evaluated by chemometric tools.

Findings
In all evaluated SEC, 23 fatty acids were quantified. Cheese origin influenced nutritional and health-related lipid indices). The cheeses were characterized by a relative high abundance of saturated fatty acids (67-76%), followed by a medium content of monounsaturated fatty acids (17-25%) and by low level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (5-7%). A putative positive association between cheese consumption and healthy lipid indices could be reached.

Practical implications
The contents of some medium and long chain fatty acids as well as of nutritional and health indices were influenced by cheese producer, geographical origin and production date pointing out the need for standardizing production procedures.

Social implications
The SEC plays a key role in the local economy, being an endogenous product with unique sensory characteristics and nutritional potential, for which the knowledge of the lipids profile and health indices is of utmost relevance.

Originality/value
SEC is an iconic Portuguese cheese with Protected Designation of Origin. Based on the results, like health-related lipid indices, evaluated for the first time, a positive association between cheese consumption and healthy lipid indices could be envisaged.
The effect of fermented goat milk (kefir) fortified with vitamin D3 on total leukocyte levels in diabetic Rattus norvegicus rats
Authors: Marlina Reny , Panunggal Binar , Anjani Gemala 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus increases inflammation through pancreatic beta-cell destruction. Goat milk (kefir) and vitamin D3 have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce pancreatic beta cells. Increase in total leukocyte count is one of the inflammatory and complication markers of diabetes. This study aims to analyze the effect of fermented goat milk (kefir) fortified with vitamin D3 on total leukocyte counts in diabetic brown rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Design/methodology/approach
An experimental design with pre- and post-test methodology of control and experimental groups was used. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: negative control (K−), positive control (K+), kefir treatment (P1) and kefir fortified with vitamin D3 treatment (P2). The control group consisted of healthy rats; the other groups consisted of rats which were given streptozotocin–nicotinamide injections. Before and after intervention, fasting blood glucose levels and total leukocytes counts were measured. Blood glucose levels were analyzed using the GOD–PAP method and leukocyte counts were analyzed using an automatic hematological analyzer.

Findings
There was a significant decrease in total leukocyte counts in the P2 group (from 26.5 ± 7.7 to 20.4 ± 10.4 [p < 0.05]). However, the decrease in leukocyte count in theP1 group was not significant (from 22.1 ± 9.3 to 16.5 ± 6.2). The decrease in blood glucose levels in theP2 group was −81.4 ± 203.0 but not significant.

Originality/value
Kefir with vitamin D3 fortification can significantly reduce total leukocyte counts in diabetes.
Supporting higher degree research collaboration
Authors: Gasson Susan C. , Bruce Christine 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to demonstrate the value of a collaborative research culture framework (Gasson and Bruce, 2018a), featuring trust and respect as core elements of healthy collaborations, to support the research success of higher degree research (HDR) students. HDR is a term used in Australia to reference Doctoral and Master by research programmes.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose that by positioning collaboration as part of a research culture built on trust and respect, discussion about and the development of healthy collaborative research culture will be facilitated. A healthy culture is defined as one that supports sustainable and productive collaborative research.

Findings
The applications of the framework demonstrate the role the framework can play in supporting researchers to understand, engage in and manage collaborations.

Research limitations/implications
Reflection on discussions to date has led to the authors’ view that collaborative success requires a unique set of skills (i.e. skills in the development of a collaborative research culture) and that the framework provides a deliberate and overt way of supporting development of those skills.

Originality/value
The framework helps HDRs develop the capacity to build healthy collaborative research cultures vital for their research productivity and longer-term success as researchers.
Scleromyxedema and lichen myxedematosus: Is it associated with viral hepatitis?
Authors: Chen Kuan‐Yu , Tzeng I‐Shiang , Lee Yung‐Yi , Ting Sze‐Wen , Chang Yao‐Yu , Ng Chau Yee 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScleromyxedema (SM) was previously known to be associated with monoclonal gammopathy. The association of SM and its counterpart lichen myxedematosus (LM) with chronic hepatitis has rarely been reported. We retrospectively reviewed medical records and histopathological reports of consecutive patients who presented at our department with the diagnosis of SM or LM from January 2001 to September 2017. The patients’ demographic details, cutaneous presentation, associated underlying diseases and hepatitic profile were studied and compared with previous published cases. In all, 28 patients were enrolled, including one SM, 19 LM and eight atypical LM. Of the patients, 50% (n = 14/28) had hepatitis. Of these, 21.4% (n = 6/28) had hepatitis C, 10.7% (n = 3/28) hepatitis B, 7.1% (n = 2/28) concurrent hepatitis B and C, whereas 10.7% (n = 3/28) had alcoholic liver disease. The prevalence of hepatitis C in our patients was 6.5‐times higher than that of the general population (28.6% vs 4.4%) and the prevalence of hepatitis B was similar (17.9% vs 17.3%). Polyclonal gammopathy was found in 28.6% (n = 8/28) of the patients and monoclonal gammopathy was found in 7.1% (n = 2/28). The extent of clonality did not correlate with disease severity. Our study did not notice a significant association with monoclonal gammopathy but the prevalence of hepatitis C was found to increase 6.5‐times in these patients compared with the general population. We recommend dermatologists to be aware of hepatitis investigations in such patients and future studies are warranted to understand the mechanism behind such association.
Imaging of elastic seismic data by least‐squares reverse time migration with weighted L2‐norm multiplicative and modified total‐variation regularizations
Authors: Ren Zhiming , Li Zhenchun 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTLeast‐squares reverse time migration has the potential to yield high‐quality images of the Earth. Compared with acoustic methods, elastic least‐squares reverse time migration can effectively address mode conversion and provide velocity/impendence and density perturbation models. However, elastic least‐squares reverse time migration is an ill‐posed problem and suffers from a lack of uniqueness; further, its solution is not stable. We develop two new elastic least‐squares reverse time migration methods based on weighted L2‐norm multiplicative and modified total‐variation regularizations. In the proposed methods, the original minimization problem is divided into two subproblems, and the images and auxiliary variables are updated alternatively. The method with modified total‐variation regularization solves the two subproblems, a Tikhonov regularization problem and an L2‐total‐variation regularization problem, via an efficient inversion workflow and the split‐Bregman iterative method, respectively. The method with multiplicative regularization updates the images and auxiliary variables by the efficient inversion workflow and nonlinear conjugate gradient methods in a nested fashion. We validate the proposed methods using synthetic and field seismic data. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed methods with regularization improve the resolution and fidelity of the migration profiles and exhibit superior anti‐noise ability compared with the conventional method. Moreover, the modified‐total‐variation‐based method has marginally higher accuracy than the multiplicative‐regularization‐based method for noisy data. The computational cost of the proposed two methods is approximately the same as that of the conventional least‐squares reverse time migration method because no additional forward computation is required in the inversion of auxiliary variables.
Picking the low‐hanging fruit: Why not choose oral antibiotics for skin and soft‐tissue infections in the emergency department
Authors: Hamill Laura M , Thi Yu‐Chen E , Keijzers Gerben 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSkin and soft‐tissue infections are a common presentation to EDs in Australasia. In the absence of sepsis or decreased oral absorption, substantial supportive data exists that shows oral antibiotics are non‐inferior to intravenous antibiotics for uncomplicated skin and soft‐tissue infections. However, despite a fair evidence base, clinicians are not consistently putting this into practice. This perspective reviews the relevant literature, discusses barriers to the implementation of this more parsimonious approach and also proposes several potential solutions. It is important that ED clinicians are encouraged to use oral antibiotics for uncomplicated infections, as this would lead to similar clinical outcomes but with fewer resources for staff and patient, as well as increased patient satisfaction.
Time‐averaged serum uric acid and 10‐year incident diabetic kidney disease: A prospective study from China
Authors: Liu Lili , Gao Bixia , Wang Jinwei , Yang Chao , Wu Shouling , Wu Yuntao , Chen Shuohua , Li Qiuyun , Zhang Huifen , Wang Guodong , Chen Min , Zhao Ming‐Hui , Zhang Luxia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe association between serum uric acid (SUA) and the risk of diabetic kidney diseases (DKD) remains controversial. We aim to investigate the association between time‐averaged SUA and long‐term incident DKD among general population‐based patients with diabetes.MethodsAltogether 1327 patients with diabetes and without kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m2, and without proteinuria) were included. Incident DKD were defined by the occurrence of renal function decline (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73m2) and/or macroalbuminuria (urinary albumin‐creatinine‐ratio ≥ 30 mg/mM creatinine). The associations between baseline and time‐averaged SUA and DKD were analyzed.ResultsThe mean age was 53.7 ± 8.0. During 10.2 ± 0.4 years' follow‐up, 85 (6.4%) patients developed renal function decline and 101 (7.6%) patients developed macroalbuminuria. Compared to those with time‐averaged SUA in the second quartile (207‐240 μM/L for women, 233‐272 μM/L for men), odds ratio (OR) for renal function decline was 1.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 3.62; P = .04) among those with SUA in the top quartile (women≥285 μM/L; men≥324 μM/L); and OR for macroalbuminuria was 1.86 (95% CI 1.01 to 3.43; P = .05) among those with SUA in the bottom quartile (women ≤207 μM/L; men ≤233 μM/L)). No significant associations were observed between baseline SUA with incident DKD.ConclusionsLong‐term exposure to both high and low SUA level are associated with increased risk of incident DKD among patients with diabetes.
Methionine metabolism and methyltransferases in the regulation of aging and lifespan extension across species
Authors: Parkhitko Andrey A. , Jouandin Patrick , Mohr Stephanie E. , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMethionine restriction (MetR) extends lifespan across different species and exerts beneficial effects on metabolic health and inflammatory responses. In contrast, certain cancer cells exhibit methionine auxotrophy that can be exploited for therapeutic treatment, as decreasing dietary methionine selectively suppresses tumor growth. Thus, MetR represents an intervention that can extend lifespan with a complementary effect of delaying tumor growth. Beyond its function in protein synthesis, methionine feeds into complex metabolic pathways including the methionine cycle, the transsulfuration pathway, and polyamine biosynthesis. Manipulation of each of these branches extends lifespan; however, the interplay between MetR and these branches during regulation of lifespan is not well understood. In addition, a potential mechanism linking the activity of methionine metabolism and lifespan is regulation of production of the methyl donor S‐adenosylmethionine, which, after transferring its methyl group, is converted to S‐adenosylhomocysteine. Methylation regulates a wide range of processes, including those thought to be responsible for lifespan extension by MetR. Although the exact mechanisms of lifespan extension by MetR or methionine metabolism reprogramming are unknown, it may act via reducing the rate of translation, modifying gene expression, inducing a hormetic response, modulating autophagy, or inducing mitochondrial function, antioxidant defense, or other metabolic processes. Here, we review the mechanisms of lifespan extension by MetR and different branches of methionine metabolism in different species and the potential for exploiting the regulation of methyltransferases to delay aging.
Modelling the effects of field spatial scale and natural enemy colonization behaviour on pest suppression in diversified agroecosystems
Authors: Banks John E. , Laubmeier Amanda N. , Banks H. Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDiversifying agroecosystems by establishing or retaining natural vegetation in and around crop areas has long been recognized as a potentially effective means of bolstering pest control as a result of attracting more numerous and diverse natural enemies, although outcomes are inconsistent across species.
Little is known about the underlying mechanisms driving such differences in species responses, creating challenges for determining how best to manage landscapes for maximizing environmental services such as biological control.
The present study addresses gaps in our understanding of the link between noncrop vegetation in field margins and pest suppression by using a system of partial differential equations to model population‐level predator–prey interactions, as well as spatial processes, aiming to capture the dynamics of crop plants, herbivores and two generalist predators.
We focus on differences in how two predators (a carabid and a ladybird beetle) colonize crop fields where they forage for prey, examining differences in how they move into the fields from adjacent vegetation as a potential driver of differences in overall pest suppression.
The results obtained demonstrate that predator colonization behaviour and spatial scale are important factors with respect to determining the effectiveness of biological control.
The ratio between bryophyte functional groups impacts vascular plants in rich fens
Authors: Singh Patrícia , Těšitel Jakub , Plesková Zuzana , Peterka Tomáš , Hájková Petra , Dítě Daniel , Pawlikowski Paweł , Hájek Michal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuestionFens have a well‐developed bryophyte layer covering most of the ground. Non‐sphagnaceous bryophytes, especially the group of so‐called brown mosses, prevail over sphagna under alkaline conditions. In sub‐alkaline conditions, rich fens allow the co‐occurrence of both these functional groups, but sphagna are competitively superior over non‐sphagnaceous bryophytes and seedlings of vascular plants, and they are currently expanding in some regions. We test whether the ratio between the two major bryophyte functional groups (bryo‐ratio) accounts for the species composition of vascular plants in fens.LocationCentral and Eastern Europe.MethodsAnalysis of two existing regional‐ and continental‐scale data sets of the vegetation‐ plot records and measured local factors by Canonical Correspondence Analysis with variation partitioning (community‐level analysis) and Structural Equation Modelling (species‐level analysis).ResultsAt the community level, the bryo‐ratio accounted significantly for species composition of fen‐specialized vascular plants, more obviously in the regional‐scale data set. At the species level, more fen species (50–67% according to the data set) were significantly directly affected (adjusted p < 0.05) by the bryo‐ratio than by water pH (14–17%) and by measured water table depth (WTD) in the regional data set (12.5%). In the continental data set, the comparable proportions of species were directly affected by the bryo‐ratio and WTD inferred by soil moisture indicator values (50% vs 58%). Most of the species affected significantly by the bryo‐ratio preferred the fens rich in non‐sphagnaceous bryophytes. They were largely those with a low capability of vegetative reproduction.ConclusionsThe group of species preferring brown moss patches includes mostly rare and endangered species with a great need for generative reproduction (e.g., Primula farinosa, Triglochin palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Saxifraga hirculus). Our findings demonstrate the important role of the bryophyte layer in the structuring of vascular plant communities in fens and highlight urgent conservation needs for brown moss patches.
Use of glucose‐lowering drugs in Hungary between 2008 and 2017: the increasing use of novel glucose‐lowering drug groups
Authors: Csatordai M. , Benkő R. , Matuz M. , Bor A. , Lengyel C. , Doró P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo analyse glucose‐lowering drug utilization, focusing on the novel glucose‐lowering drug groups dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors, and the financial burden they entail.MethodsCrude reimbursed national drug utilization and expenditure data for the entire population of Hungary were obtained from the National Health Insurance Fund for the study period: 2008 to 2017. Data were analysed using the WHO's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification/defined daily dose system and were expressed in defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitants per day.ResultsTotal glucose‐lowering drug consumption in Hungary showed an 18% increase over the study period, reaching 74.7 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day, while novel glucose‐lowering drug use increased to 11.7 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (16% of total glucose‐lowering drug use) by 2017. Dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitor consumption grew to 7.4 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day by 2017. The most widely used dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitor was sitagliptin. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists were used the least, but by 2017 rose to 1.5 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day, led by liraglutide. Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors appeared in the utilization data in 2014 and their consumption, mainly empagliflozin, reached 2.8 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day by 2017. The total expenditure on glucose‐lowering drugs increased 94% between 2008 and 2017, and the total cost of novel glucose‐lowering drug utilization comprised 44% of the total glucose‐lowering drug expenditure in 2017.ConclusionsBoth the use of and the financial burden posed by novel glucose‐lowering drugs in Hungary increased steadily between 2008 and 2017. This increase is expected to continue.
(Re)Defining success in epilepsy surgery: The importance of relative seizure reduction in patient‐reported quality of life
Authors: Sheikh Shehryar , Thompson Nic , Bingaman William , Gonzalez‐Martinez Jorge , Najm Imad , Jehi Lara 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivePrevious work has suggested that seizure outcome is the most important predictor of quality of life (QoL) after epilepsy surgery, but it is unknown which specific seizure outcome measure should be used in judging surgical success. We assess three different seizure outcome measures (relative seizure reduction, absolute seizure reduction, and seizure freedom [yes/no]) to investigate which measure best predicts postoperative QoL.MethodsWe prospectively surveyed patients at outpatient visits before and after epilepsy surgery (n = 550). The QoL measure was the Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE‐10) score at the patient's most recent office visit. We created multivariate regression models to predict postoperative QOLIE‐10, with a different seizure outcome measure in each model. We compared models using adjusted R2 values and Akaike information criteria (AIC).ResultsOur cohort had a high level of disease severity and complexity (17% repeat surgery, 39% extratemporal, and 18% nonlesional). For the cohort as a whole, mean absolute seizure frequency decreased from 1 per day to 0.1 per day (P < .001), and mean reduction was 73% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66%‐81%). Average improvement in QoL score was 5.3 (95% CI 4.1‐6.5) points. Of patients who reported an improvement in QoL, 27% had persistent seizures. Comparison of regression models to predict QoL showed that the worst model was provided when using “absolute seizure reduction,” but that models using “relative seizure reduction” and “seizure freedom (yes/no)” were equally strong.SignificanceIn our high severity and complexity cohort, a substantial subset of patients (27%) reported improved QoL despite persistent seizures. Relative seizure reduction was at least as good a predictor of QoL as seizure freedom. A yes/no seizure freedom variable may be a suboptimal measure of surgical success, especially in high complexity cohorts.