bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary infectious lesions through virtual navigation, radial EBUS, ultrathin bronchoscopy, and ROSE
Authors: Liu Nana , Kan Jianying , Cao Wenbin , Cao Jie , Jiang Erlie , Zhou Yang , Zhao Mingfeng , Feng Jing 
Published: August 2019

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combined rapid on-site evaluation of cytology (ROSE), ultrathin bronchoscopy, virtual bronchoscopic navigation, radial endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary infectious lesions. Methods Specimens from patients with peripheral lung infection were obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and mNGS was used to detect pathogenic microorganisms. The sensitivity and specificity of mNGS were compared between TBLB tissue and BAL fluid. Results The most common pathogens of pulmonary infectious lesions in this study were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The specificity of mNGS was higher in TBLB tissue than in BAL fluid, but mNGS of BAL fluid had higher sensitivity. Conclusions The combination of ROSE, ultrathin bronchoscopy, virtual bronchoscopic navigation, radial EBUS, and mNGS technology yielded high efficacy for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary infectious lesions. TBLB and BAL specimens have respective advantages in specificity and sensitivity for mNGS analysis.
CYFRA21-1 tests in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Lei , Wang Rong , Yin Ling , Shang Xiaopu , Zhang Runtong , Zhang Pengjun 
Published: August 2019

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of soluble fragment of cytokeratin 19 (CYFRA21-1) tests in detecting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including squamous cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Methods: The relevant studies were identified from PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library before November 2018. Summary estimates for sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio of CYFRA21-1 tests for the diagnosis of NSCLC were calculated using the random effects model. A summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was used to assess the overall effectiveness of the test. Meta-DiSc 1.4 and Stata11.0 were applied to the statistical analysis. Publication bias was detected using Egger’s test. Results: A total of 22 studies consisting of 7910 NSCLC patients (squamous cell carcinoma/lung adenocarcinoma/large cell carcinoma) and 2630 benign lesions patients that met the inclusion criteria were included. The meta-analysis showed that CYFRA21-1 tests had a relatively high accuracy for squamous cell carcinoma detection and a lower accuracy for lung adenocarcinoma detection. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio of CYFRA21-1 tests for squamous cell carcinoma detection were 0.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70, 0.74), 0.94 (95% CI 0.92, 0.95), 9.73 (95% CI 7.06, 13.40), 0.37 (95% CI 0.29, 0.47), and 27.30 (95% CI 17.68, 42.16), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.9171 (Q* = 0.8500). No publication bias was tested in the squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.567) and lung adenocarcinoma (P = 0.378) groups. Conclusions: CYFRA21-1 tests might be appropriate for detecting squamous cell carcinoma.
Transforaminal Thoracic Interbody Fusion for Thoracic Disc Prolapse: Surgicoradiological Analysis of 18 Cases
Authors: Krishnan Ajay , Degulmadi Devanand , Mayi Shivanand , Kulkarni Mahesh , Reddy Chaitanya , Singh Mreetunjay , Rai Ravi Ranjan , Dave Bharat R. 
Published: August 2019

Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Objectives: Thoracic disc prolapse (TDP) surgeries have reported complications ranging from paraplegia to approach related complications. This study is to present a series of TDP patients surgically treated with transforaminal thoracic interbody fusion (TTIF). Emphasis on surgical technique and strategies to avoid complications are analyzed. Methods: Eighteen patients with TDP were included. Imagings were analyzed for end-plate changes and calcification. Type of disc prolapse (central/para-central) and percentage of canal occupancy were noted. Objective outcome was quantified with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), modified Nurick’s grade, and ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) score. All complications were noted. Results: Eighteen patients (average age 43.65 years) having total 22 levels operated, that included double level (n = 2) and missed level (n = 2) are reported. All patients had myelopathy. Calcification of disc (n = 13), central disc prolapses (n = 9), para-central (n = 11) and more than 50% canal occupancy (n = 8) were noted. VAS back pain, modified Nurick’s grade and ASIA grade improved significantly in all patients. One patient had postoperative transient deficit. The functional score achieved its maximum at 1 year follow-up and remained static at final follow-up of 65.05 months. Union was achieved in all patients. Conclusions: The most important factor for outcome in TDP is the technical aspect of avoiding cord manhandling and avoiding wrong level surgeries. TTIF is not devoid of complications but can give good results to posterior approach trained surgeons.
Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: A Biomechanical Comparison of Superior Capsuloligamentous Complex Reconstruction Techniques and an Interpositional Graft Technique
Authors: Leschinger Tim , Besch Katharina , Aydin Cansu , Staat Manfred , Scaal Martin , Müller Lars Peter , Wegmann Kilian 
Published: August 2019

Background: Irreparable rotator cuff tears lead to superior translation of the humeral head. Numerous surgical management options are available to treat the condition. Purpose: To compare superior capsule stability among different types of patch grafting in irreparable rotator cuff tears. Methods: Six cadaveric shoulders were tested in a custom-designed shoulder testing system. Superior translation of the humerus and subacromial contact pressure were quantified in an intact condition (condition 1), after cutting the supraspinatus tendon (condition 2), and after additionally cutting the superior capsuloligamentous complex (condition 3). The results were compared among 3 types of patch grafting, in which capsule reconstruction was achieved by glenoidal 3-point (condition 4) or 2-point (condition 5) fixation or by affixing a graft below the acromion (condition 6). Results: No significant difference in subacromial pressure was measured by reconstruction with 2 or 3 anchors compared with conditions 1 and 2 ( P > .05). However, with 3-point fixation, lower levels of pressure were measured than with 2-point fixation. Moreover, superior translation values were lower with 3-point fixation; the same applied for values of the preserved capsule as compared with the torn capsule. In condition 6, a significant increase in pressure in the neutral position was documented ( P < .05). Conclusion: The superior capsuloligamentous complex plays an important role in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint. The results suggest that with additional medial anchoring at the coracoid base, the depressing and centering effect of the superior complex can probably be regained in a more physiological way compared with a reconstructed capsule with 2 glenoid attachments or with an interpositional graft below the acromion.
Elevated serum IgE, oral corticosteroid dependence and IL-17/22 expression in highly neutrophilic asthma
Authors: Bullone Michela , Carriero Vitina , Bertolini Francesca , Folino Anna , Mannelli Alessandro , Di Stefano Antonino , Gnemmi Isabella , Torchio Roberto , Ricciardolo Fabio L.M. 
Published: August 2019

Information on the clinical traits associated with bronchial neutrophilia in asthma is scant, preventing its recognition and adequate treatment. We aimed to assess the clinical, functional and biological features of neutrophilic asthma and identify possible predictors of bronchial neutrophilia.The inflammatory phenotype of 70 mild-to-severe asthma patients was studied cross-sectionally based on the eosinophilic/neutrophilic counts in their bronchial lamina propria. Patients were classified as neutrophilic or non-neutrophilic. Neutrophilic asthma patients (neutrophil count cut-off: 47.17 neutrophils·mm−2; range: 47.17–198.11 neutrophils·mm−2; median: 94.34 neutrophils·mm−2) were further classified as high (≥94.34 neutrophils·mm−2) or intermediate (47.17– <94.34 neutrophils·mm−2). The effect of smoking ≥10 pack-years was also assessed.Neutrophilic asthma patients (n=38; 36 mixed eosinophilic/neutrophilic) had greater disease severity, functional residual capacity, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose and exacerbations, and lower forced vital capacity (FVC) % pred and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) reversibility than non-neutrophilic asthma patients (n=32; 28 eosinophilic and four paucigranulocytic). Neutrophilic asthma patients had similar eosinophil counts, increased bronchial CD8+, interleukin (IL)-17-F+and IL-22+cells, and decreased mast cells compared with non-neutrophilic asthma patients. FEV1and FVC reversibility were independent predictors of bronchial neutrophilia in our cohort. High neutrophilic patients (n=21) had increased serum IgE levels, sensitivity to perennial allergens, exacerbation rate, oral corticosteroid dependence, and CD4+and IL-17F+cells in their bronchial mucosa. Excluding smokers revealed increased IL-17A+and IL-22+cells in highly neutrophilic patients.We provide new evidence linking the presence of high bronchial neutrophilia in asthma to an adaptive immune response associated with allergy (IgE) and IL-17/22 cytokine expression. High bronchial neutrophilia may discriminate a new endotype of asthma. Further research is warranted on the relationship between bronchoreversibility and bronchial neutrophilia.
The role of the 17q21 genotype in the prevention of early childhood asthma and recurrent wheeze by vitamin D
Authors: Kelly Rachel S. , Chawes Bo L. , Guo Feng , Zhang Li , Blighe Kevin , Litonjua Augusto A. , Raby Benjamin A. , Levy Bruce D. , Rago Daniela , Stokholm Jakob , Bønnelykke Klaus , Bisgaard Hans , Zhou Xiaobo , Lasky-Su Jessica A. , Weiss Scott T. 
Published: August 2019

Evidence suggests vitamin D has preventive potential in asthma; however, not all children benefit from this intervention. This study aimed to investigate whether variation in the functional 17q21 single nucleotide polymorphism rs12936231 affects the preventive potential of vitamin D against asthma.A combined secondary analysis of two randomised controlled trials of prenatal vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of asthma in offspring (Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) and Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010)) was performed, stratifying by genotype and integrating metabolite data to explore underlying mechanisms.The protective effect of vitamin D on asthma/wheeze was evident among children with the low-risk rs12936231 GG genotype (hazard ratio (HR) 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.94, p=0.032) but not the high-risk CC genotype (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.69–1.69, p=0.751). In VDAART, in the GG genotype vitamin D supplementation was associated with increased plasma levels of sphingolipids, including sphingosine-1-phosphate (β 0.022, 95% CI 0.001–0.044, p=0.038), but this was not evident with the CC genotype, known to be associated with increased expression ofORMDL3in bronchial epithelial cells. Sphingolipid levels were associated with decreased risk of asthma/wheeze, and there was evidence of interactions between sphingolipid levels, vitamin D and genotype (p-interactionvitaminD*genotype*sphingosine-1-phosphate=0.035). In a cellular model, there was a significant difference in the induction of sphingosine-1-phosphate by vitamin D between a control human bronchial epithelial cell line and a cell line overexpressingORMDL3(p=0.002).Results suggest prenatal vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of early childhood asthma/wheezeviaalterations of sphingolipid metabolism dependent on the 17q21 genotype.
Pilot study of a two-arm non-randomized controlled cluster trial of a psychosocial intervention to improve late life depression in socioeconomically deprived areas of São Paulo, Brazil (PROACTIVE): feasibility study of a psychosocial intervention for late life depression in São Paulo
Authors: Scazufca Marcia , de Paula Couto Maria Clara P. , Henrique Maiara Garcia , Mendes Ana Vilela , Matijasevich Alicia , Pereda Paula Carvalho , Franzin Renato M. , Seabra Antônio Carlos , van de Ven Pepijn , Hollingworth William , Peters Tim J. , Araya Ricardo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Depression is a common and recurrent condition among older adults and is associated with poor quality of life and increased health care utilization and costs. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of delivering a psychosocial intervention targeting depression, and to develop the procedures to conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial among older adults registered with primary care clinics in poor neighbourhoods of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods
We conducted a pilot study of a two-arm cluster, non-randomized controlled trial. Two primary care clinics adhering to the Family Health Strategy were allocated to either the intervention or the control arm. In the control arm, patients received enhanced usual care consisting of staff training for improved recognition and management of depression. In the intervention arm, alongside the enhanced usual care, patients received a 17-week psychosocial intervention delivered by health workers assisted with an application installed in a tablet.

Results
We randomly selected 579 of 2020 older adults registered in the intervention clinic to participate in the study. Among these individuals, 353 were assessed for depression and 40 (11.0%) scored at least 10 on the PHQ-9 and were therefore invited to participate. The consent rate was 33/40 (82%) with a resulting yield of 33/579 (5.7%). In the control arm, we randomly selected 320 older adults among 1482 registered in the clinic, 223 were assessed for depression and 28 (12.6%) scored 10 or above on the PHQ-9. The consent rate was 25/28 (89%), with a resulting yield of 25/320 (7.8%). Of the 33 who consented in the intervention arm, 19 (59.4%) completed all sessions. The mean PHQ-9 at follow-up (approximately 30 weeks after inclusion) were 12.3 (SD = 3.7) and 3.8 (SD = 3.9) in the control and intervention arms, respectively. Follow-up rates were 92 and 94% in control and intervention arms, respectively.

Conclusions
Identification and engagement of clinics, randomization, recruitment of individuals, measures, and baseline and follow-up assessments all proved to be feasible in primary care clinics in São Paulo, Brazil. Results support the development of a definitive cluster randomized controlled trial.

Trial registration
This study was retrospectively registered with Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC), number RBR-5nf6wd. Registered 06 August 2018.
NEAT1/miR-23a-3p/KLF3: a novel regulatory axis in melanoma cancer progression
Authors: Ding Fei , Lai Jindong , Gao Yang , Wang Genhui , Shang Jingwen , Zhang Daojun , Zheng Shumao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Melanoma is an extremely aggressive malignant skin tumor with high mortality. Many types of long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs have been reported to be associated with the oncogenesis of melanoma. However, a novel lncRNA-NEAT has not been thoroughly investigated in melanoma cancer. The purposes of this study were to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism in a novel couple of lnc-NEAT1 and miR-23a-3p, as well as the function role of KLF3 in the regulation of melanoma cancer.

Methods
28 groups of tumor tissues and normal tissues were obtained from melanoma cancer patients. We performed a series of experiments and analysis, including RT-qPCR, western blots, CCK-8 assay, and migration/invasion assay, to investigate the expressions of NEAT1, miR-23a-5p and KLF3, cell viabilities, and tumor growth in vivo.

Results
In this study, we observed that the expression of NEAT1 was significantly upregulated in melanoma tissues, which remarkedly promoted the cells’ proliferation, cell migration, and invasion in melanoma cell lines. Besides, NEAT1 could directly bind to miR-23a-3p, which was found to reverse the effect caused by NEAT1. MiR-23a-3p was discovered to bind to 3′UTR of KLF3, which reduced KLF3 expression. In addition, the overexpression of KLF3 could lower the effects of miR-23a-3p caused on melanoma cancer cell development.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that NEAT1 could sponge miR-23a-3p and functions via the expression of KLF3. This axis of NEAT1/miR-23a-5p/KLF3 could together regulate melanoma cancer proliferation. This might provide a new therapeutic strategy for melanoma skin cancer.
Trial registration HBTCM38574839, registered 12 October 2012
Anion-Capture-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement of Bis(cyanostyryl)pyrrole Based on Restricted Access to a Conical Intersection
Authors: Yokoyama Soichi , Ito Akitaka , Asahara Haruyasu , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of fluorescence enhancement of a fluorophore via anion addition is of critical importance for designing anion sensors. The distyrylpyrrole framework with cyano groups on olefin has a low rotation barrier in the excited state, which results in easy access to the conical intersection and, thus, fast non-radiative decay. In this study, it was proposed that the anion capture of a molecule with protons on the pyrrole and olefin moieties with a high anion affinity should induce fluorescence enhancement via restricted access to the conical intersection. It was revealed that the pyrrole derivative possessing cyano groups in the α-position of the pyrrole showed a strong enhancement in the fluorescence quantum yield up to 60% with an increasing concentration of anions in solution. NMR and X-ray single crystal diffraction revealed that the molecule formed a 1:1 complex with a chloride anion in solution and in the single crystal state. The fluorescence lifetime of the compound was prolonged via the addition of the chloride anion, indicating that fast non-radiative decay was suppressed by anion capture. The results support that the anion capture of the molecule can restrict access to the conical intersection to produce a fluorescence enhancement.
A patient-centred check sheet improves communication on the trauma ward round
Authors: Brown Oliver S , Toi Teri HH , Barbosa Pedro R , Pookarnjanamorakot Patra , Trompeter Alex 
Published: August 2019

Background: Effective communication on surgical ward rounds should clarify for patients their management plan and answer questions adequately. Pressures on time conspire against this interchange of information. A patient-centred surgical communication check sheet was devised to enable rapid two-way transfer of information between surgeon and patient. Methods: A quality improvement project involved three cycles. Through the use of a patient survey, distributed following the daily ward round, areas for improvement in communication were highlighted in cycle one. The surgical communication check sheet was introduced in cycle two, and modified before cycle three following discussion with the orthopaedic department. The surgical communication check sheet was handed out to patients before the ward round, and its efficacy was measured by evaluating ward round communication using the survey as in cycle one. Results: Initial results showed a variable standard of communication, which improved following the introduction of the surgical communication check sheet in cycle two. In cycle three, 84.7% patients felt that the check sheet aided communication on the ward round. Measures of communication improved between cycles one and three: the percentage of patients with unanswered questions fell from 21.8% to 16.7%, the number of patients unsure why a test was done fell from 25.9% to 12.7%, and average understanding of the management plan rose from 64.7% to 83.3%. Conclusions: The introduction of the surgical communication check sheet improved ward round communication, and was welcomed by almost 85% of patients. Accounts from patients indicate two benefits of the check sheet: the surgeon is immediately aware of a patient with questions or concerns, allowing these to be adequately addressed, and patients can formulate questions before the ward round which bolsters their confidence to ask them.
In what ways might group clinical supervision affect the development of resilience in hospice nurses?
Authors: Francis Amy , Bulman Chris 
Published: August 2019

Background: Resilience is important to sustain hospice nurses through a challenging career. Clinical supervision is a commonly cited support strategy, but there is limited evidence which focuses on its influence on the development of resilience in hospice nurses. Aims: To explore how group clinical supervision might affect the development of resilience in hospice nurses. Method: A pragmatic approach and mixed methods research design was employed. Quantitative questionnaire data and qualitative focus group data were collected from community hospice nurses participating in group clinical supervision. Findings: The findings identified the importance of an effective group reflective process on the benefits to be gained from clinical supervision. Clinical supervision was found to affect the development of resilience by developing confidence at work, regulating emotions, offering a coping strategy, managing expectations, and developing self-awareness. This was dependent upon individual preference and experience, the local organisational context, and wider social and political factors. Conclusion: This research contributes insight into group clinical supervision as an intervention to support resilience in hospice nurses. It offers recommendations for practice, to enhance the development of resilience through clinical supervision, and recommendations for future research.
Corrosion protection performance of nano-TiO2-containing phosphate coatings obtained by anodic electrochemical treatment
Authors: Kathavate Vaibhav S. , Bagal Nilesh S. , Deshpande Pravin P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The efficacy of nano-TiO2-containing zinc phosphate coatings on low-carbon steel is investigated. Zinc phosphate coatings are electrodeposited on low-carbon steel (AISI 1015) keeping current density, deposition time and wt % nano-TiO2 at their respective levels. Corrosion protection performance of these coatings was assessed using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5% NaCl electrolyte. The morphology, the composition and the growth process of the zinc phosphate coating is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical measurements. The XRD study reveals that the obtained phosphate layer contains traces of hopeite and phosphophylite. The formed zinc phosphate coating offers high corrosion protection in 3.5% NaCl solution, which is well supported by EIS studies. The presence of nano-TiO2 in the phosphate bath anticipated to offer a better surface coverage and reduction in porosity and forms more homogeneous coating, which is in agreement with the SEM studies. The optimization of the electrodeposition phosphating process for achieving better responses in terms of corrosion rate and coating resistance is addressed in this paper.