bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of a specialist nurse–led wireless smart monitoring system in elderly patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wen Yating , Wen Yaru , Sun Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2024

Background:
With the increase in the elderly population, the prevalence of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) among older adults has significantly risen, becoming one of the crucial cardiovascular diseases affecting the health and quality of life of the elderly. Patients with persistent AF require continuous cardiac function monitoring to prevent possible complications such as stroke and heart failure. Traditional monitoring methods often necessitate frequent hospital visits, increasing the economic burden and psychological stress on patients. With advancements in medical technology, wireless smart monitoring systems have emerged as a new remote health care technology, offering a more convenient and effective monitoring option for patients with persistent AF. Specialist nurses play a pivotal role in monitoring and managing patients using these systems. Their professional knowledge and skills are vital for improving monitoring efficiency and patient compliance. Therefore, this study aims to explore the application of wireless smart monitoring systems led by specialist nurses in elderly patients with persistent AF, in hopes of providing a scientific basis for improving the monitoring and management of this patient group.

Methods:
A total of 88 elderly patients with persistent atrial fibrillation admitted to the Cardiology Ward of a tertiary hospital in Weifang City from October 2021 to April 2023 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group with conventional care, with 44 cases in each group, according to the order of admission. The control group received conventional hospitalization guidance, while the intervention group utilized a wireless smart monitoring system led by specialist nurses. The effects before and after the intervention in both groups were compared.

Results:
The intervention group patients had better scores in terms of mental stress, sleep quality, and comfort compared with the control group, and the nursing shift change time during hospitalization for the intervention group was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The wireless smart monitoring system led by specialist nurses can improve the mental stress and sleep conditions of elderly patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, increase comfort, and enhance the efficiency of nursing shift changes.
Demand of the senior citizens with different life quality for community health care in Weifang, China
Authors: Sun Wen , Sun Zhen , Li Zhen , Wei Li , Chen Jialin , Gao Yanqing , Xu Hao , Wu Xiaoxiao , Liu Hong 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
It is to investigate the situation of life quality of the senior citizens in Weifang and demand of the senior citizens with different life quality for community health care.

Methods:
The cluster sampling is used in the questionnaire survey for 1208 old people in Weifang who are older than 60 years old in Weifang.

Result:
The average age of 1208 elderly people in the communities of Weifang is 69.19, including 532 males and 676 females. Among the community, the most demanding needs of these old people for community health care are regular physical examination (97.3%), general disease care (84.5%) and establishing health records (79.2%), safe medication guidance (78.5%), health monitoring guidance (73.5%), and hotline health consultation (72.3%). There are significant differences in the demand for community health programs among the elderly with different quality of life.

Conclusion:
There are significant differences in the needs of the elderly with different quality of life for community medical services, which requires the community and related medical and health institutions to provide differentiated services for the elderly people, improve their satisfaction with health services, and ultimately promote the overall improvement of the health situation of the elderly people.
Influence of greater occipital nerve block on the relief of acute migraine: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Wenzhong , Tang Liping 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Greater occipital nerve (GON) block may help relieve acute migraine, and this meta-analysis aimed to investigate the influence of GON block on pain relief of acute migraine.

Methods:
We systematically searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases, and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of GON block for acute migraine. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effect model regardless of the heterogeneity.

Results:
Four RCTs and 224 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with control intervention in acute migraine, GON block intervention could significantly reduce pain scores at 45 to 60 minutes (MD = −2.31; 95% CI = −3.08 to −1.53; P < .00001) and pain scores at 30 minutes (MD = −1.95; 95% CI = −2.61 to −1.29; P < .00001), but demonstrated no impact on pain scores at 0 to 15 minutes (MD = −0.46; 95% CI = −1.00 to 0.08; P = .09), sustained headache relief (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 0.06–36.66; P = .82) or rescue medication (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.01–19.16; P = .59).

Conclusions:
GON block intervention may be able to alleviate pain intensity for acute migraine patients.
Effects of phytosterol supplementation on lipid profiles and apolipoproteins: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Yi-Feng , Qiao Wanning , Feng Hanxiao , Jiang Kuan , Yang Jinzhao , Zhou Tao , Zhang Yang 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The use of phytosterols and phytostanols (PS) as food supplements to control plasma cholesterol concentrations has recently received attention as its efficacy has been endorsed by scientific authorities and leading guidelines. However, the effects of phytosterols on lipid profiles and atherosclerosis remain incomplete and controversial. This study aims to investigate the effects of PS supplementation on lipid profiles and apolipoproteins in adults based on a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted for RCTs published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science as of May 2024. Random effects model was utilized to determine the mean differences and 95% confidence interval for changes in circulating lipid profiles and apolipoproteins.

Results:
Twenty-eight RCTs with a total of 1777 participants (895 cases and 882 controls) are included in the qualitative synthesis. PS supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) levels, as well as Apo-B/apolipoprotein A1 ratios, but increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. PS supplementation dose is associated with TC, LDL-c, and Apo-B levels in a dose–response manner.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that dietary phytosterols can effectively promote the reduction of TC, LDL-c, and Apo-B, along with increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adults.
Occlusive retinal vasculitis and scleritis following brolucizumab treatment: A case report
Authors: Onagawa Shunpei , Miura Masahiro 
Published: October 2024

Rationale:
Brolucizumab is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agent. Clinical trials have demonstrated excellent efficacy of brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in terms of both visual and anatomic outcomes. However, compared with conventional anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, this new treatment has a higher incidence of complications, particularly the development of occlusive retinal vasculitis. In this case report, we describe a patient who developed occlusive retinal vasculitis following brolucizumab treatment for age-related macular degeneration, followed by scleritis 141 days later.

Patient concerns:
A 67-year-old Japanese man with a diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in his right eye has received 18 intravitreal injections of aflibercept in the past 4 years. Because of a decline in treatment efficacy, intravitreal brolucizumab injection (IVBr) was initiated. However, 17 days after the second IVBr, the patient developed extensive occlusive retinal vasculitis with intraocular inflammation.

Diagnosis:
Occlusive retinal vasculitis in the right eye was diagnosed as a complication of brolucizumab therapy.

Interventions:
Corticosteroid treatment was initiated.

Outcomes:
The occlusive retinal vasculitis resolved 121 days after the second IVBr, and corticosteroid treatment was discontinued on day 138. However, on day 158 after the second IVBr, scleritis with intraocular inflammation developed. By day 184 after the second IVBr, both the scleritis and intraocular inflammation had resolved with the resumption of topical corticosteroid treatment.

Lessons:
This case underscores the potential for brolucizumab-induced scleritis and emphasizes the importance of recognizing and promptly managing this complication. Furthermore, it highlights the need for long-term careful follow-up in patients who develop occlusive retinal vasculitis after brolucizumab treatment.
Acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1, IDH2, and SETD2 mutations mimicking acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Xiang-Lei , Zeng Shan-Shan 
Published: October 2024

Rationale:
Acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1, IDH2, and SETD2 mutations can mimic acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and poses a challenge for the early and accurate differentiation and diagnosis of APL with PML::RARA.

Patient concerns:
A 70-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1, IDH2, and SETD2 mutations.

Diagnosis:
APL-like acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1, IDH2, and SETD2 mutations was made.

Interventions:
The patient received all-trans retinoic acid 20 mg 3 times a day for 22 days, azacitidine 100 mg subcutaneously once daily for 7 days, and venetoclax 100 mg once daily for 12 days.

Outcomes:
Due to economical constraints, the patient stopped further treatment, and outcome was dismal.

Lessons:
The comprehensive evaluation of bone marrow morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology is essential for the accurate diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.
Intra-articular knee injections in patients with primary osteoarthritis in a tertiary clinical setting: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Kayaalp Mahmut Enes , Hakam Hassan Tarek , Klugarová Jitka , Klugar Miloslav , Peričić Tina Poklepović , Bała Małgorzata M. , Becker Roland , Prill Robert 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
This project aimed to improve physicians’ adherence to evidence-based practices regarding the selection and administration of intra-articular knee injections for patients with osteoarthritis. The project also aimed to empower patients by increasing their awareness of these evidence-based practices.

Introduction:
In the management of knee osteoarthritis, intra-articular injections are commonly used when initial treatments prove inadequate. However, issues such as patients’ demand for rapid relief and variability in physicians’ familiarity with optimal practices often lead to suboptimal treatment decisions and potential adverse outcomes.

Methods:
This project followed the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework, which is grounded in an audit, feedback, and re-audit process. Initially, physicians were surveyed on the topic under consideration, and hospital records were reviewed. Subsequently, targeted interventions were implemented, including briefings and the distribution of informative flyers.

Results:
The baseline audit indicated low adherence with all audit criteria. Various parameters, such as adherence to best clinical practices, informed decision-making by patients, and the recommendation of alternative treatment modalities, were significantly lacking. Following the interventions, substantial improvements were observed, including higher rates of adherence to best clinical practices by physicians for multiple criteria, such as stepwise referral to conservative therapy options and the content of intra-articular injections.

Conclusions:
Adherence to best clinical practices can be improved through educational briefings for physicians on the most current evidence-based treatment practices for injectable substances in knee osteoarthritis. The active engagement of patients, facilitated by informative flyers and physician assistance, contributed to better involvement in their treatment choices. However, the participation of health care institutions and providers as well as lifelong education practices may be necessary for more comprehensive and sustainable changes.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A277
Secreted Clever-1 Modulates T Cell Responses and Impacts Cancer Immunotherapy Efficacy
Authors: Prince Stuart , Viitala Miro , Sjöroos Riikka , Bendes Ábris Á. , Rannikko Jenna H. , Patten Daniel A. , di Benedetto Ilaria , Tyni Laura , Figueiredo Carlos R. , Koskivuo Ilkka , Salminen Tiina A. , Shetty Shishir , Hollmén Maija 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClever-1 functions as a scavenger and adhesion receptor, promoting tolerogenic activities in macrophages and subsets of endothelial cells, thereby contributing to cancer progression. High Clever-1 expression associates with resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and combined targeting of Clever-1 with anti-PD-1 enhances response in refractory mouse tumor models. A Clever-1–targeting humanized IgG4 antibody, bexmarilimab, is investigated in clinical trials as a macrophage-reprogramming therapy to treat solid tumors (NCT03733990) and hematological malignancies (NCT05428969). Here we describe a secreted form of (s)Clever-1 enriched in plasma of cancer patients, that was decreased upon bexmarilimab treatment. With the production of a recombinant sClever-1, mimicking the one found in human plasma, we show that sClever-1 can selectively bind activated T cells and disrupt T cell receptor signalling leading to impaired Th1 expansion. We demonstrate that sClever-1 binds to insulin growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) on T cells via its mannose-6-phosphate modification and further show that sClever-1 contributes to the immunosuppressive properties of macrophage-secreted extracellular vesicles, driving T cell tolerance and impairing anti-PD-1 efficacy. These findings suggest that Clever-1 exerts a systemic immunosuppressive effect independently of the cells it is expressed on, highlighting its potential as a target in cancer immunotherapy and a valuable biomarker for disease detection.
Leveraging AI to Automate Detection and Quantification of Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) to Decode Drug Responses
Authors: Goble Kohen , Mehta Aarav , Guilbaud Damien , Fessler Jacob , Chen Jingting , Nenad William , Cope Oliver , Cheng Darby , Dennis William , Gurumurthy Nithya , Wang Yue , Shukla Kriti , Brunk Elizabeth 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTraditional drug discovery efforts have largely focused on targeting rapid, reversible protein-mediated adaptations to undermine cancer cells’ resistance to therapy. However, cancer cells also exploit DNA-based strategies, typically viewed as slow, irreversible, and unpredictable changes like point mutations or the selection of drug-resistant clones. Contrary to this perception, extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) represents a form of DNA alteration that is rapid, reversible, and predictable, playing a crucial role in cancer’s adaptive response. In this study, we present a novel post-processing pipeline for the automated detection and quantification of ecDNA in Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) images using the Microscopy Image Analyzer (MIA) tool. Our approach is particularly designed to monitor ecDNA dynamics during drug treatment, providing a quantitative framework to understand how ecDNA enables cancer cells to swiftly and reversibly adapt to therapeutic pressure. This pipeline not only offers a valuable resource for researchers aiming to automate ecDNA detection in FISH images but also sheds light on the adaptive mechanisms of ecDNA in response to epigenetic remodeling agents like JQ1.
NOTCH1 drives tumor plasticity and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lindblad Katherine E. , Donne Romain , Liebling Ian , Bresnahan Erin , Barcena-Varela Marina , Lozano Anthony , Park Eric , Giotti Bruno , Burn Olivia , Fiel Maria I. , Bravo-Cordero Jose Javier , Tsankov Alexander M. , Lujambio Amaia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLiver cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, has two main subtypes: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting most of the cases, and cholangiocarcinoma (CAA). NOTCH pathway regulates the intrahepatic development of bile ducts, which are lined with cholangiocytes, but it can also be upregulated in 1/3 of HCCs. To better understand the role of NOTCH in HCC, we developed a novel mouse model driven by activated NOTCH1 intracellular domain (NICD1) and MYC overexpression in hepatocytes. Using the hydrodynamic tail vein injection method for establishing primary liver tumors, we generated a novel murine model of liver cancer harboring MYC overexpression and NOTCH1 activation. We characterized this model histopathologically as well as transcriptomically, utilizing both bulk and single cell RNA-sequencing.MYC;NICD1tumors displayed a combined HCC-CCA phenotype with temporal plasticity. At early time-points, histology was predominantly cholangiocellular, which then progressed to mainly hepatocellular. The hepatocellular component was enriched in mesenchymal genes and gave rise to lung metastasis. Metastatic cells were enriched in the TGFB and VEGF pathways and their inhibition significantly reduced the metastatic burden. Our novel mouse model uncovered NOTCH1 as a driver of temporal plasticity and metastasis in HCC, the latter of which is, in part, mediated by angiogenesis and TGFß pathways.
Beneficial reversal of dominance maintains a resistance polymorphism under fluctuating insecticide selection
Authors: Karageorgi Marianthi , Lyulina Anastasia S. , Bitter Mark C. , Lappo Egor , Greenblum Sharon I. , Mouza Zach K. , Tran Caitlynn T. , Huynh Andy V. , Oken Hayes , Schmidt Paul , Petrov Dmitri A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLarge-effect functional genetic variation is commonly found in natural populations, even though natural selection should erode such variants. Theory suggests that under fluctuating selective pressures, beneficial reversal of dominance - where alleles are dominant when beneficial and recessive when deleterious - can protect these loci from selection, allowing them to persist. However, empirical evidence for this mechanism remains elusive because testing requires direct measurements of selection and dominance in natural conditions. Here, we show that insecticide-resistant alleles at theAcelocus inDrosophila melanogasterpersist worldwide at intermediate frequencies and exhibit beneficial reversal of dominance. By combining laboratory and large-scale field mesocosm experiments with insecticide manipulation, and mathematical modeling, we show that the benefits of the resistantAcealleles are dominant while their fitness costs recessive. We further show that fluctuating insecticide selection generates chromosome-scale genomic perturbations at sites linked to the resistantAcealleles, revealing broader genomic consequences of this mechanism. Overall, our results suggest that beneficial reversal of dominance contributes to the maintenance of functional genetic variation and impacts patterns of genomic diversity via linked fluctuating selection.
Evaluating Thrombectomy Devices and Combination Therapies in Acute ischemic Stroke: A systematic review & Network Meta-Analysis of 201 studies
Authors: Gulia Annu , Srivastava Manyata , Nath Manabesh , Misra Shubham , Kumar Patel Kamalesh , Datt Upadhyay Ashish , Vibha Deepti , Desai Shashvat , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveMechanical Thrombectomy (MT) has become the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the relative efficacy and safety of different MT devices remain uncertain. To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of different Thrombectomy devices and combination therapies in acute ischemic stroke, utilizing a network meta-analysis.MethodsPatients receiving different MT devices (MERCI, TREVO, Solitaire, Penumbra, or a combination of MT devices) compared to Standard Care or Intravenous Thrombolysis (IVT), or Intra-arterial Thrombolysis (IAT) for AIS treatment. Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and all-cause mortality at 90 days. Efficacy outcome were good functional recovery at 90 days (defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2) and successful recanalization (measured by a TICI score of 2b-3).ResultsWe included 201 studies, comprising 43 RCTs and 159 cohort studies with 71,154 AIS patients. TREVO device demonstrated the highest efficacy for functional recovery (OR=3.63, 95% CrI: 2.45–5.43), followed by MT + IVT (OR=2.87, CrI: 2.30–3.59). TREVO also achieved the highest rate of successful recanalization (OR 3.35, CrI: 1.36–8.19). MERCI, Solitaire and Aspiration devices were linked to a higher risk of sICH. For all-cause mortality at 90 days, TREVO notably reduced the odds (OR=0.56, CrI: 0.37–0.86), whereas aspiration devices showed no significant difference from standard treatments.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate contemporary stent-retriever device technology as the most effective option for improving functional recovery, recanalization success, and reducing mortality in AIS patients. These results highlight the critical need for selecting the most effective and safest thrombectomy device to optimize outcomes in acute stroke care.
Transfer learning for mortality risk: A case study on the United Kingdom
Authors: Nalmpatian Asmik , Heumann Christian , Alkaya Levent , Jackson William 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a transfer learning framework to address data scarcity in mortality risk prediction for the UK, where local mortality data is unavailable. By leveraging a pretrained model built from data across eight countries (excluding the UK) and incorporating synthetic data from the country most similar to the UK, our approach extends beyond national boundaries. This framework reduces reliance on local datasets while maintaining strong predictive performance. We evaluate the model using the Continuous Mortality Investigation (CMI) dataset and a drift model to address discrepancies arising from local demographic differences. Our research bridges machine learning and actuarial science, enhancing mortality risk prediction and pricing strategies, particularly in data-poor settings.