bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolactin Induces IL-2 Associated TRAIL Expression on Natural Killer Cells from Chronic Hepatitis C PatientsIn vivoandIn vitro
Authors: Medel Maria L.H. , Reyes Gabriela G. , Porras Luz M. , Bernal Arturo R. , Luna Jesús S. , Garcia Adolfo P. , Cordova Jacqueline , Parra Adalberto , Mummidi Srinivas , Kershenobich David , Hernández Joselín 
Published: December 2018

Background:Natural killer cells (NKC) are a major component of the innate immune response to HCV, mediating their effects through TRAIL and IFN-γ. However, their function is diminished in chronic HCV patients (HCVp). Prolactin is an immunomodulatory hormone capable of activating NKC.Objective:The study aims to explore if hyperprolactinemia can activate NKC in HCVp.Methods:We treated twelve chronic HCVp (confidence level =95%, power =80%) for 15 days with Levosulpiride plus Cimetidine to induce mild hyperprolactinemia. Before and after treatment, we determined TRAIL and NKG2D expression on peripheral blood NKC, along with cytokine profiles, viral loads and liver function. We also evaluated in vitro effects of prolactin and/or IL-2 on NKC TRAIL or NKG2D expression and IFN-γ levels on cultured blood mononuclear cells from 8 HCVp and 7 healthy controls.Results:The treatment induced mild hyperprolactinemia and increased TRAIL expression on NKC as well as the secretion of IL-1ra, IL-2, PDGF and IFN-γ. Viral loads decreased in six HCVp. IL-2 and TRAIL together explained the viral load decrease. In vitro, prolactin plus IL-2 synergized to increase TRAIL and NKG2D expression on NKC from HCVp but not in controls.Conclusion:Levosulpiride/Cimetidine treatment induced mild hyperprolactinaemia that was associated with NKC activation and Th1-type cytokine profile. Also, an increase in TRAIL and IL-2 was associated with viral load decrease. This treatment could potentially be used to reactivate NKC in HCVp.
ACO Inspired Computer-aided Detection/Diagnosis (CADe/CADx) Model for Medical Data Classification
Authors: Dhull Anuradha , Khanna Kavita , Singh Akansha , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Computer-Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) has become a common practice of
use in the healthcare industry due to its improved accuracy and reliability. The CAD systems are expected
to improve the quality of medical care by assisting healthcare professionals with a wide range
of clinical decisions. A CAD system is a combination of Computer-Assisted Detection (CADe) and
Computer-Assisted Diagnosis (CADx) system.

Objective:
The objective of this research article is to generate an optimized rule-set for medical diagnosis
capable of providing improved accuracy. It is evident from the literature that keeping a balance
between these performance parameters is a real challenge.

Methods:
In order to achieve the desired objective, the following two contributions have been proposed
to improve diagnosis accuracy: 1) an unsupervised feature selection approach based on ACO
Meta-heuristic is used to design the CADe system, and 2) an ACO assisted decision tree classifier
technique is employed to make CADx system.

Results:
Three popular UCI (Wisconsin Breast Cancer, Pima Indian Diabetes and Liver Disorder)
medical domain datasets have been used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The
exploratory result analysis shows the efficiency of the proposed work as compared to existing work.
Uso excesivo de la fuerza policial en la CDMX
Authors: Silva Forné Carlos 
Published: December 2018

El presente estudio analiza quejas por violaciones al derecho a la integridad personal recibidas durante cinco años en la Comisión de Derechos Humanos de la Ciudad de México con dos objetivos: en primer lugar, describir diferencias de los casos de abuso policial según su lugar de ocurrencia; en segundo, para conocer, en el caso de los abusos cometidos en situaciones de detención o control a una persona, qué factores aumentan la probabilidad de un abuso grave. Los factores se desprenden de ello y permiten comparar distintas tradiciones teóricas acerca del uso excesivo de la fuerza policial. El resultado muestra cómo la presencia de los factores más consolidados, desde la perspectiva teórica de la amenaza criminal al nivel situacional –la resistencia activa y las situaciones en delitos graves–, aumentan de manera significativa la probabilidad de que ocurran los abusos policiales graves en la Ciudad de México.
Real-Time Biofeedback of Performance to Reduce Braking Forces Associated With Running-Related Injury: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Napier Christopher , MacLean Christopher L. , Maurer Jessica , Taunton Jack E. , Hunt Michael A. 
Published: December 2018

Background The high rate of running-related injury may be associated with increased peak braking forces (PBFs) and vertical loading rates. Gait retraining has been suggested by some experts to be an effective method to reduce loading parameters. Objectives To investigate whether PBF could be decreased following an 8-session gait retraining program among a group of female recreational runners and which self-selected kinematic strategies could achieve this decrease. Methods In this exploratory study, 12 female recreational runners with high PBFs (greater than 0.27 body weight) completed an 8-session gait retraining program with real-time biofeedback of braking forces over the course of a half-marathon training program. Baseline and follow-up kinetics and kinematics were analyzed with a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results There was an average reduction of 15% in PBF (−0.04 body weight; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.07, −0.02 body weight; P = .001; effect size, 0.62), accompanied by a 7% increase in step frequency (11.3 steps per minute; 95% CI: 1.8, 20.9 steps per minute; P = .024; effect size, 0.38) and a 6% decrease in step length (−5.5 cm; 95% CI: −9.9, −1.0 cm; P = .020; effect size, 0.40), from baseline to follow-up. Conclusion The gait retraining program significantly reduced the PBF among a group of female recreational runners. This was achieved through a combination of increased step frequency and decreased step length. Furthermore, the modified gait pattern was incorporated into the runners' natural gait pattern by the completion of the program. Based on these results, the outlined gait retraining program should be further investigated to assess whether it may be an effective injury prevention strategy for recreational runners. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03302975). Level of Evidence Prevention, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(3):136–144. Epub 7 Dec 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8587
Online Bibliographic Products: Theory Issues and the Practice of the Russian State Library and the National Library of Russia
Authors: Levin Grigoriy L. 
Published: December 2018

The article highlights the research work “Information and bibliographic activities in the modern electronic environment”, “Electronic bibliographic products in the structure of information resources of Federal and Central regional libraries” carried out by the Scientific research Department of bibliography of the Russian State Library in 2017 — the first half of 2018. The author considers a number of general theoretical and methodological issues: what are the library’s information resources; what is the place of bibliographic resources in their structure; and what is the type-specific structure of bibliographic resources of library, including electronic ones. The important part of the library’s information resources are bibliographic resources, including electronic of two main types (classes): innovative (bibliographic databases, electronic catalogues), and traditional (bibliographic catalogues-inventories, indexes, lists, reviews, etc.). The article presents the results of the comparative analysis of resources of the second type created in the Russian State Library and the National Library of Russia in 2009—2017.The websites of both libraries contain digital copies and electronic versions of printed bibliographic publications, as well as original bibliographic products (which have no printed analogues). Online bibliographic products have firmly taken their place in the structure of information resources of national libraries, somewhere supplementing them and somewhere replacing the printed format.
Deleuze sobre a importância do acordo discordante em Kant
Authors: Viegas Susana 
Published: December 2018

Apresentamos a leitura deleuziana do papel e do poder da imaginação e do esquematismo no juízo estético segundo Immanuel Kant destacando, em particular, a importância de se pensar um desacordo entre faculdades e de, no limite, afirmarmos a impossibilidade de uma filosofia da arte. Como se dá o processo que liga sensações e conceitos, arte e filosofia? Ao respondermos a esta questão, também esclarecemos a situação peculiar de Kant na filosofia de Gilles Deleuze e a leitura que este faz em A Filosofia Crítica de Kant, publicado em 1963. Teremos como objeto de análise um filme sensorial, To the Wonder/A Essência do Amor (2012), realizado por Terrence Malick.
EKSTRAK DAUN SELEDRI (EX-SEL) DALAM KEMASAN EKONOMIS SIAP MINUM UNTUK TERAPI HIPERTENSI
Authors: Donna Baiq Puja , Wijaya Lalu Satria , Syahid Muhammad Abdul , Karine Sri Wulan , Handini Yusika Saftarani 
Published: December 2018

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan tingkat mortalitasnya sangat tinggi di seluruh dunia. WHO tahun 2010 menjelaskan bahwa hipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Menurut Riskesdas RI tahun 2013 tingkat prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia diperoleh sekitar 25,8%. Perlu diciptakan sebuah media pengobatan untuk mencegah terjadinya hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol, salah satunya bisa dengan memanfaatkan tanaman Seledri. Di Indonesia tanaman seledri sudah lama dikenal sebagai tanaman obat tradisional yang dipercaya memiliki khasiat untuk menurunkan tekanan darah. Oleh karena itu, tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk baru dari olahan daun seledri yang dapat digunakan sebagai terapi hipertensi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan terdapat 4 tahapan yang digunakan dalam melakukan pengembangan kegiatan, yakni tahap persiapan, promosi, pemasaran, dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa minuman ekstrak seledri yang dihasilkan dari olahan daun seledri memiliki efek yang dapat menurunkan dan mengontrol tekanan darah dari penderita hipertensi. Ekstrak daun seledri sudah dipasarkan di daerah Mataram dan sekitarnya.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PROBIOTIK YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN SUMBER KARBON YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN UDANG VANNAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Citria Ika , Abidin Zaenal , Astriana Baiq Hilda 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan karbon yang berbeda dalam perbanyakan probiotik terhadap jumlah koloni bakteri, dan aplikasinya dalam pemeliharaan udang vanammei (Litopenaeus vannamei). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Balai Pengembangan Budidaya Perikanan Pantai (BPBPP) Sekotong, Lombok Barat. Sumber karbon yang digunakan dalam fermentesi bakteri probiotik adalah tapioka, dedak halus, dan jagung. Probiotik hasil perbanyakan kemudian diujikan ke udang post larva 20 untuk mengetahui tingkat pertumbuhan udang yang diberikan probiotik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah koloni bakteri mengalami peningkatan yang lebih tinggi dari kontrol pada masing-masing media fermentasi yang dihitung pada hari ke-7dan hari ke 30. Penggunaan tapioka sebagai sumber karbon menghasilkan jumlah bakteri paling banyak yaitu 3.69x1011 CFU/ml dibandingkan dengan sumber karbon dari dedak dan jagung. Hasil uji penggunaan probiotik tersebut ke udang menunjukkan bahwa probiotik dengan sumber karbon tapioka menghasilkan pertumbuhan harian udang tertinggi yaitu 4,36% dibandingkan dengan dua probiotik lainnya.
The Effect of Learning Model Survey, Question, Read, Recite Review (SQ3R) and Critical Thingking Ability to Senior High School Students’ Learning Result
Authors: Fahmawati Fahriyah , Rusdi Rusdi , Komala Ratna 
Published: December 2018

<p>Developing study in 21 century, the students must have a good skill which can support in developing era. One of the skills is critical thinking. The students must have the competence which can solve the problem faced it for instance environment pollution problem. The problem is one of parts from Biology with collaboration study model of SQ3R that has superior for cooperation between inactive and active students , the hope can give big contribute for the students can solve the problem. The Quasi experiment uses Anava two direction (2x2) Factorial. The research is done at SMAN 1 N Tambun Utara on September-October 2017. Data of the result research shows normal point and homogeny (P&gt; 0,05) with sample 140.. The result of research uses the Anava experiment two direction can be gotten P = 0,000 ,it means P &lt; 0,05 (reject Ho). So the summary (1) There can be the effect of the study model of SQ3R to The result of study. (2) There can be the effect of critical thinking to the result of study. (3) There can be interaction between SQ3R and critical thinking to the result of study.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Critical thinking, the result of study of environment pollution, SQ3R</p>
Effect Number of Wire to DC Generator Prototype with Variation Diameter Wire
Authors: Ramadhan Rifki , Nugrahendi Ferindra , Putri Tika Erna 
Published: December 2018

<p>The modern era as now the needs of electricity is enormous. This makes the supply of non-renewable resources dwindling (coal and natural gas). This makes the emergence of smart ideas and innovations by using alternative energy. By using alternative energy we can save the use of non-renewable resources and can create energy efficient environmentally friendly. This study aims to analyze the output power in DC motors by using variations in the number and diameters of the outer coils in order to produce maximum output power value. The research method used is the design and manufacture of tools and experiments by conducting a descriptive research approach. The results of the test using different diameter variations of wire are 0.15 mm, 0.20 mm and 0.25 mm. The voltage test obtained voltage of 0.40 V for wire diameter 0.15 mm, 0.46 V for wire diameter 0.20 mm, and 0.52 V for 0.25 mm wire diameter. Simultaneous current and voltage gain can further improve the efficiency. </p><p><br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> dc generator, magnet, coil</p>
Metallizing of Plastics
Authors: Tuszynski Rebecca , Mandich N.V. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The process of coating plastics with metals for functional purposes is called metallizing of plastics. This article discusses the metallizing of plastics, provides information on its history, and gives a short note on applications and adhesion properties of metallic coatings. It also discusses the selection of plastics for plating. This article also describes metallizing techniques, including plating (electrolytic or electroplating), vacuum metallizing and thermal spraying, and environmental considerations. The article discusses the quality assurance procedures for metallized plastic parts which include tests that assess the quality of the finish, coating thickness, adhesion, and corrosion resistance, and gives a short note on service performance, which includes service condition classifications.
Alloy Phase Diagrams and Microstructure
Authors: Baker Hugh 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Alloy phase diagrams are useful for the development, fabrication, design and control of heat treatment procedures that will produce the required mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of new alloys. They are also useful in solving problems that arise in their performance in commercial applications, thus improving product predictability. This article describes different equilibrium phase diagrams (unary, binary, and ternary) and microstructures, description terms, and general principles of reading alloy phase diagrams. Further, the article discusses plotting schemes; areas in a phase diagram; and the position and shapes of the points, lines, surfaces, and intersections, which are controlled by thermodynamic principles and properties of all phases that comprise the system. It also illustrates the application of the stated principles with suitable phase diagrams.
Steelmaking Practices and Their Influence on Properties
Authors: Mishra B. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article presents a detailed account on the process flow, composition, alternative sources, and the advancement of ironmaking, steelmaking and secondary steelmaking practices. Some steels, such as bearing steels, heat-resistant steels, ultrahigh strength missile and aircraft steels, and rotor steels have higher quality requirements and tighter composition control than plain carbon or ordinary low-alloy steels. The production of special-quality steels requires vacuum-based induction or electric remelting and refining capabilities. The article explores the types and characteristics of various steel manufacturing processes, such as ingot casting, continuous casting, and hot rolling. It provides an outline of specialized processing routes of producing ultralow plain carbon steels, interstitial-free steels, high strength low-alloy steels, ultrahigh strength steels, stainless steels, and cold-rolled products, and briefly explains the analytical techniques for liquid steels.
Solidification of Metals and Alloys
Authors: Piwonka Thomas S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Solidification is a comprehensive process of transformation of the melt of metals and alloys into a solid piece, involving formation of dendrites, segregation which involves change in composition, zone formation in final structure of the casting, and microporosity formation during shrinkage. This article describes the imperfections in the solidification process including porosity, inclusions, oxide films, secondary phases, hot tears, and metal penetration. It talks about the purpose of the gating system and the risering system in the casting process.
Melting Methods
Authors: Piwonka Thomas S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The melting process often includes refining and treating the metal. The choice of which type of melting to use depends on a number of factors: type of alloy being melted, the local cost of electric power, and local environmental regulations. This article discusses the principles, furnace types, charging practices of metal melting methods, namely induction melting, cupola melting, arc melting, crucible melting, reaction melting, and vacuum melting, and the refractories and charging practice of reverberatory furnaces. Molten metal treatment of steels and aluminum also is discussed in the article.
Introduction and Overview of Materials Characterization
Authors: Eckelmeyer K.H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article provides a general introduction of materials characterization and describes the principles and applications of a limited number of techniques that are most commonly used to characterize the composition and structure of metals used in engineering systems. It briefly describes the classification of materials characterization methods including, bulk elemental characterization, bulk structural characterization, microstructural characterization, and surface characterization. Further, the article reviews the selection of materials characterization methods most commonly used with metals.
X-Ray Diffraction for Bulk Structural Analysis
Authors: Eckelmeyer K.H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is the most extensively used method for identifying and characterizing various aspects of metals related to the arrangements and spacings of their atoms for bulk structural analysis. XRD techniques are also applicable to ceramics, geologic materials, and most inorganic chemical compounds. This article describes the operating principles and types of XRD analyses, along with information about the threshold sensitivity and precision, limitations, sample requirements, and capabilities of related techniques. The necessary instrumentation for XRD analyses include the Debye-Scherrer camera and the X-ray diffractometer. The article also describes the uses of XRD analyses, such as the identification of phases or compounds in metals and ceramics; detection of order and disorder transformation; determination of lattice parameters and changes in lattice parameters due to alloying and temperature effects; measurement of residual stresses; characterization of crystallite size and perfection; characterization of preferred orientations; and determination of single crystal orientations.
Surface Analysis
Authors: Eckelmeyer K.H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article describes the operation and capabilities of surface analysis methods of metals, including scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It provides information on the capabilities, typical uses, spatial resolution, elemental analysis detection threshold and precision, limitations, sample requirements, and operating principles of the scanning auger microprobe.
Cobalt and Cobalt Alloys
Authors: Crook Paul 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article provides a general overview of physical and mechanical properties, alloy compositions, applications, and product forms of cobalt-base alloys as wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and/or heat-resistant materials. The discussion is largely focused on cobalt-base alloys for wear resistance, as this is the single largest application area of cobalt-base alloys.
Liquid Nitriding of Steels
Authors: Pantazopoulos George 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The liquid nitriding process has several proprietary modifications and is applied to a wide variety of carbon steels, low-alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, and cast irons. This article discusses the applications, subclassifications, operating procedures, and maintenance procedures, as well as the equipment used (salt bath furnaces) and safety precautions to be undertaken during the liquid nitriding process. It describes the different types of liquid nitriding process, namely, liquid pressure nitriding, aerated bath nitriding, and liquid nitrocarburizing. Environmental considerations and the increased cost of detoxification of cyanide-containing effluents have led to the development of low-cyanide salt bath nitrocarburizing treatments. The article reviews the wear and antiscuffing characteristics of the compound zone produced in salt baths with the help of Falex scuff test.
Evaluation of Carbon Control in Carburized Parts
Authors: Keil Gary D. , Rowan Olga K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article presents the different hardness test methods used to measure the effectiveness of surface carbon control in carburized parts of steel. Common test methods include Rockwell hardness measurements, superficial Rockwell 15N testing, and microhardness testing. The article provides information on the microscopic method used to detect smaller variations in carbon content, and reviews consecutive cuts analysis and spectrographic analysis that are used to accurately evaluate the carbon concentration profile of carburized parts. It describes procedures of and precautions to be undertaken during shim stock analysis, which is used to measure the atmosphere carbon potential. The article includes a discussion on the electromagnetic nondestructive tests that are used to evaluate the case depth of case-hardened parts.