bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of 68Ga-DOTA-Octreotate PET/CT in Follow-Up of SDH-Associated Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Authors: Kong Grace , Schenberg Tess , Yates Christopher J , Trainer Alison , Sachithanandan Nirupa , Iravani Amir , Ravi Kumar Aravind , Hofman Michael S , Akhurst Tim , Michael Michael , Hicks Rodney J 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Germline succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) mutation carriers, especially SDHB, are at increased risk for malignancy and require life-long surveillance. Current guidelines recommend periodic whole-body MRI imaging. We assessed the incremental value of 68Ga-DOTA-octreotate (GaTate) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT compared with conventional imaging in such patients.

Methods
SDHx mutation carriers who had GaTate PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed. Detection of lesions were compared with MRI or CT on a per-patient and per-lesion basis. Proof of lesions were based on histopathology or clinical/imaging follow-up.

Results
Twenty consecutive patients (median age, 46 years; 10 males) were reviewed. Fourteen patients had SDHB, four, SDHD, one SDHC, and one SDHA mutation. Fifteen had prior surgery and/or radiotherapy. Indications for PET/CT were as follows: 7 patients for surveillance for previously treated disease, 9 residual disease, 2 asymptomatic mutation carriers, and 2 for elevated catecholamines. Median time between modalities was 1.5 months.
GaTate PET/CT had higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional imaging. On a per-patient basis: PET/CT sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%; MRI/CT 85% and 50%. Per-lesion basis: PET/CT sensitivity 100%, specificity 75%; MRI/CT 80% and 25%. PET/CT correctly identified additional small nodal and osseous lesions. MRI/CT had more false-positive findings. Change of management resulted in 40% (8/20 patients): 3 received localized treatment instead of observation, 1 changed to observation given extra disease detected, 4 with metastases had radionuclide therapy.

Conclusions
GaTate PET/CT provided incremental diagnostic information with consequent management impact in SDHx-pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Incorporating this modality as part of a surveillance program seems prudent. Further research is needed to define the optimal surveillance strategy including use of MRI.
Socially Beneficial Rationality: The Value of Strategic Farmers, Social Entrepreneurs, and For-Profit Firms in Crop Planting Decisions
Authors: Hu Ming , Liu Yan , Wang Wenbin 
Published: April 2019

The price fluctuation in agricultural markets is an obstacle to poverty reduction for small-scale farmers in developing countries. We build a microfoundation to study how farmers with heterogeneous production costs, under price fluctuations, make crop-planting decisions over time to maximize their individual welfare. We consider both strategic farmers, who rationally anticipate the near-future price as a basis for making planting decisions, and naïve farmers, who shortsightedly react to the most recent crop price. The latter behavior may cause recurring overproduction or underproduction, which leads to price fluctuations. We find it important to cultivate a sufficient number of strategic farmers because their self-interested behavior alone, made possible by sufficient market information, can reduce price volatility and improve total social welfare. In the absence of strategic farmers, a well-designed preseason buyout contract, offered by a social entrepreneur or a for-profit firm to a fraction of contract farmers, brings benefit to farmers as well as to the firm itself. More strikingly, the contract not only equalizes the individual welfare in the long run among farmers of the same production cost, but it also reduces individual welfare disparity over time among farmers with heterogeneous costs regardless of whether they are contract farmers or not. On the other hand, a nonsocially optimal buyout contract may reflect a social entrepreneur’s over-subsidy tendency or a for-profit firm’s speculative incentive to mitigate but not eliminate the market price fluctuation, both preventing farmers from achieving the most welfare.This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
INPLANTA
Authors: Bandini Bárbara 
Published: April 2019

Resumo: O artigo apresenta a obra visual INPLANTA (2018) a partir de uma abordagem crítica ao crime de feminicídio em nossa sociedade, utilizando relatos e arcabouço teórico sobre o tema. Apoiando-se em concepções de Engels ,no livro A Origem Da Família, Da Propriedade Privada E Do Estado (1975) sobre a mudança do direito materno para o paterno, ou seja, do início do acúmulo de riquezas onde a mulher passa a ser considerada propriedade privada do homem, o artigo faz uma breve crítica à sociedade patriarcal e trata das proposições sobre o feminismo, finalizando com um manifesto pela vida.
Cost-effectiveness of a bacterial-binding dressing to prevent surgical site infection following caesarean section
Authors: Stanirowski Paweł Jan , Davies Heather , McMaster Jessica , Mealing Stuart , Sawicki Włodzimierz , Cendrowski Krzysztof , Posnett John 
Published: April 2019

Objective:A randomised controlled trial (RCT) recruited women undergoing caesarean section (CS) in Poland. The aim of the trial was to assess the efficacy of a dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC)-impregnated surgical dressing (bacterial-binding dressings) compared with standard of care (SoC) in preventing surgical site infection (SSI). The aim of the present analysis was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the bacterial-binding dressings in the context of the UK National Health Service (NHS).Method:The clinical trial randomised patients to a bacterial-binding dressing (n=272) or a standard surgical dressing (n=271). The study recorded the presence of SSI and associated resource use up to 14 days postoperatively. To generalise results to the NHS, UK unit costs were applied to resource use recorded in the trial. An alternative approach applied a single UK-specific episode cost per SSI.Results:There were 543 women recruited to the trial. SSI rates were 5/272 (1.8%) and 14/271 (5.2%) for bacterial-binding dressings and SoC, respectively (p=0.04). Patients in the bacterial-binding dressing group had six fewer outpatient visits and 33 fewer hospital bed-days. The mean length of SSI-attributable hospitalisation was 2.36 days. Applying UK unit costs at 2017 prices to resource use recorded in the trial, costs of SSI prophylaxis and treatment were £48.97 and £24.69 per patient in the SoC and bacterial-binding dressing groups respectively, a difference of £24.27 (49.6%) per patient. The alternative costing approach produced a cost saving of £119 (57.6%) per patient with the bacterial-binding dressing.Conclusion:Use of bacterial-binding dressings following CS has the potential to reduce the incidence of SSI and costs to the NHS.
Use of autologous platelet rich fibrin-based bioactive membrane in pressure ulcer healing in rats
Authors: Yu Yajuan , Shen Jian , Fang Guizhen , Wang Lingcong , Lei Shu , Cai Danli , Shi Ying , Jin Shuifang , Lu Qiaoli , Wang Sisi , Sun Yunlei , Yao Jinmei , Hu Peiya , Wu Xiaofei , He Xujun 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To verify the feasibility of treating pressure ulcers (PUs) with autologous platelet-rich fibrin-based (PRF) bioactive membrane, both in vitro and in vivo. Method: An animal model using adult male Sprague-Dawley rats was used. Pressure was periodically exerted on the skin to induce localised ischaemia by using an external magnet and transplanted metal disc. After a PU developed, the rats were divided into two groups: a treatment group and a control group. Rats in the treatment group were then treated with PRF bioactive membrane every three days. Results: A total of 20 rats were used in this study. At days three and seven, the PU area in the PRF bioactive membrane-treated group was significantly smaller than that in the control group, and after 14 days of treatment, the PUs in the PRF bioactive membrane treatment group had healed. Haemotoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot results indicated that PRF bioactive membrane induced wound healing by increasing the thickness of the regenerated epidermis and by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Further, we found that different concentrations of rat autologous PRF soluble factors extraction components could significantly promote rat aortic endothelial cell proliferation, wound healing and migration ability in vitro. Conclusion: Overall, results indicate that PRF bioactive membrane promotes PU healing in rats. Thus, it may represent a natural and effective wound-healing tool for use in the treatment of clinical skin PUs in humans in the future.
Dalam Sistem Matrilineal Pun, Perempuan Tidak Memimpin (Book Review)
Authors: Rumawi Rumawi 
Published: April 2019

Judul : Partisipasi Politik Perempuan.Penulis : L.Verayanti, L. Herlina, Dwi Hertha dan Zaiyardam Zubir.Pengantar : Mansour Fakih.Penerbit : LP2M Padang, kerja sama dengan Asia Foundation.Cetakan : Pertama, November 2003.Tebal : xvii + 107 halaman
Wali as an Agent of Women in Islamic Marriage Law: Maliki School as a Basis for Reinterpretation
Authors: Lukito Ratno 
Published: April 2019

Artikel ini menkusikan masalah wali nikah, khususnya menurut mazhab Maliki. Apabila dicermati, wali nikah, yang hatus laki-laki, daiam parulangan mazhab Maliki ini pada dasamya tidak dimaksudkan mensubordinasi otonomi dan hak perempuan, karena secara tegas mereka menyatakan bahwa wali tidak harus bapak atau keluarga laki-laki, tetapi calon mempelai perempuan dapat juga menyerahkan perwaliannya kepada hakim, apabila wali menolak untuk menikahkannya. Karena itu, fungsi wali nikah dalam mazhab Maliki adalah lebih sebagai wakil (agent) dari calon mempelai perempuan untuk memastikan terwujudnya tujuan perlawinan. Adanya konsep wali nikah daiam mazhab Maliki, dengan demikian, pada dasamya diformulasi untuk membantu calon mempelai, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, untuk mendapatkan perkawinan yang bahagia, tentu saja dengan cara yang sesuai dengan konteks ketika itu. Dengan perkembangan masyarakat dan bentuk keluarga saat ini, masalah perwalian daiam nikah ini perlu direinterpretasi sesuai dengan konteks masa sekarang, dan reinterpretasi tersebut bisa berangkat dari ide dasar dan nilai yang terkandung dari konsep wali nikah mazhab Maliki ini.
Mengikis Arogansi Sains Yang Androsentris dan Mengembangkan Sains Yang Berperspektif Gender (Book Review)
Authors: Syamsiyatun Siti 
Published: April 2019

Judul : Whose Science? Whose Krwwledge? Thinking from Women's LivesPenulis : Sandra HardingPenerbit : Cornell University Press, IthacaCetakan : Pertama, 1991Tebal : xii + 319 halaman
Microbial mediation of textures and minerals – terrestrial or parent body processes?
Authors: Polgári Márta , Gyollai Ildikó , Bérczi Szaniszló , Veres Miklós , Gucsik Arnold , Elemér Pál-Molnár 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Evolution of chondritic parent body is influenced by thermal, impact metamorphism and aqueous alteration, studied in Mező-Madaras, Knyahinya, Mócs and Nyírábrány in aspect of high resolution in situ textural, mineralogical and organic geochemical characteristics, using optical microscopy, FTIR-ATR and Raman spectroscopy. Our observations focused on Fe-containing opaque grains, glass, olivines and pyroxenes, which were well populated by micrometer-sized microbial filamentous elements in their boundary region within matrix and inside the minerals resembling mineralized microbially produced textures (MMPT), affecting 70-80 vol% of samples. In MMPT iron oxides (ferrihydrite, goethite), olivine, montmorillonite, kandite minerals and various hydrocarbon compounds were identified.
(1) Data confirmed dense and invasive terrestrial microbially mediated contamination in the chondrites, supported by microtexture, micromineralogy and embedded organic compounds. As the classical transformation processes are supposed nowadays to have been happened on the parent bodies, a contradiction arose: how could it be that these classical products are manifested in microbially mediated texture?
(2) Based on terrestrial analogies, microbial mediation is a sudden process comparing to geological times, very ancient, widespread and occur in various environments under determined conditions. It can consume previous and also produce new minerals. After formation, MMPT can survive billions of years proposing occurrence on parent bodies.
Berezin number inequalities for operators
Authors: Bakherad Mojtaba , Garayev Mubariz T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Berezin transform Ã of an operator A, acting on the reproducing kernel Hilbert space ℋ = ℋ (Ω) over some (non-empty) set Ω, is defined by Ã(λ) = 〉Aǩ λ, ǩ λ〈 (λ ∈ Ω), where

${\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over k} _\lambda } = {{{k_\lambda }} \over {\left\| {{k_\lambda }} \right\|}}$

is the normalized reproducing kernel of ℋ. The Berezin number of an operator A is defined by

${\bf{ber}}{\rm{(}}A) = \mathop {\sup }\limits_{\lambda \in \Omega } \left| {\tilde A(\lambda )} \right| = \mathop {\sup }\limits_{\lambda \in \Omega } \left| {\left\langle {A{{\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over k} }_\lambda },{{\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over k} }_\lambda }} \right\rangle } \right|$

. In this paper, we prove some Berezin number inequalities. Among other inequalities, it is shown that if A, B, X are bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space ℋ, then

$${\bf{ber}}(AX \pm XA) \leqslant {\bf{be}}{{\bf{r}}^{{1 \over 2}}}\left( {A*A + AA*} \right){\bf{be}}{{\bf{r}}^{{1 \over 2}}}\left( {X*X + XX*} \right)$$

and

$${\bf{be}}{{\bf{r}}^2}({A^*}XB) \leqslant {\left\| X \right\|^2}{\bf{ber}}({A^*}A){\bf{ber}}({B^*}B).$$

We also prove the multiplicative inequality

$${\bf{ber}}(AB){\bf{ber}}(A){\bf{ber}}(B)$$
The effect of glossing on incidental vocabulary acquisition in the learning of Chinese as a second language
Authors: He Xiaoling 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Research on L2 vocabulary acquisition shows that under the right conditions, incidental learning can take place through reading. It is also known that the likelihood of such learning can be enhanced through effective instructional intervention, mainly in the form of reading glosses. Compared to English and other European languages, relatively little is known about glossing and vocabulary acquisition in the context of Chinese as a second language. In this study, we focus on incidental vocabulary acquisition in Chinese and investigate the relative effectiveness of three kinds of glosses: paper-based glosses (PB); e-dictionary glosses (ED), Pop-up glosses (PD). As a related issue, we also consider whether there are differences in learning style and learning preferences between adult learners and teenage learners with specific reference their use of different kinds of glosses. Regarding the effectiveness of different kinds of glossing, it is found that glossing (of different varieties) is generally useful in bringing about some positive outcome. While no significant differences were found generally between different kinds of glosses, it is found that paper-based glosses performed at least as well as CLL-based ones for the adult learners. Adult learners also differ from the younger group in long-term retention rates. Several possible reasons are offered to explain these differences which relate to the learning styles and preferences of different age groups.
海峡两岸连词 “并” 对比分析
Authors: 吉力 刘 
Published: April 2019

摘要对比考察两岸连词 “并”，台湾 “并” 连接分句时其前出现成分，“并” 连接句子和段落，这些用法或功能大陆 “并” 基本都不具备，而代之以 “还” 或 “并且” 等；台湾 “并” “还” 存在纠葛，大陆 “并” “还” 分工更为明确。历时考察显示，台湾 “并” 与早期现代汉语用法较为接近，而大陆 “并” 经过语言规范化，和早期现代汉语距离较远。两岸 “并” 的差异与两岸语言的风格差异相适应，它可作为同一语言现象在不同社会环境的不同语文政策及社会语用条件下不同发展的一个样本。
试论华语语音教学系统的构建及实施
Authors: 宏 祝 晓 
Published: April 2019

摘要华语教学应该有自己的语音教学系统。本文论证面向海外华侨华裔的华语语音教学系统的构建设想和实施方案。首先，回顾国内外汉语语音教学研究，比较了 “简化系统” 和 “普通话系统” 两类观点，并从全球英语传播和国际通用英语语音教学的主流观点得到启示。其次，考察两岸四地 50 部华语语音教材和综合教材的语音部分，分析其语音教学内容共性和差异。第三部分，提出我们的基本设想，即简化华语语音教学系统及其基本构成；随后讨论简化的方向和重点，包括 “儿化不必教论” 和 “轻声不必教论”。主要从交际价值、身份认同和语言经济学等角度论证 “儿化” “轻声” 无须纳入华语语音教学系统。最后，讨论了简化语音教学系统在实践中需要注意的问题。
Zwischen Eroberungskrieg und Präventivschlag? Neue Perspektiven zu den Perserkriegen und ihren Voraussetzungen
Authors: Schulz Raimund 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz sucht die Voraussetzungen und Ursachen der Perserkriege zu ergründen. Er setzt sich dabei auch mit jüngeren Thesen auseinander, wonach die Perser einen Präventivschlag gegen ein seit Themistokles zur See aufrüstendes Athen geführt hätten. Tatsächlich erweist sich weder dieses noch das alte Konzept, wonach die Perser unter Dareios oder unter Xerxes im Rahmen ihres Weltmachtstrebens ganz Griechenland erobern wollten, als tragfähig. Die Außenpolitik Athens sowie die anderer isonomer Poleis war bereits im sechsten Jahrhundert durch einen aggressiven Zug geprägt, der sich auf die Nordägäis richtete sowie schon vor Themistokles Kriegsflotten miteinschloss. Die Teilnahme am Ionischen Aufstand war folgerichtig und die Kriegszüge des Seebundes knüpften an diese Traditionen an. Dagegen musste Dareios zunächst das durch den Bürgerkrieg erschütterte Reich konsolidieren und seine Stellung als neuer Regent rechtfertigen. Seine Außenpolitik war fiskalischen und innenpolitisch-ideologischen Zwängen unterworfen. Sie führte nach dem Ausbau der Flotte zur Angliederung des rohstoffreichen Thrakien und zielte auf eine persisch kontrollierte Ägäis, schloss aber keineswegs zwangsläufig die Eroberung der griechischen Halbinsel mit ein. Im Gegensatz zu den griechischen Isonomien stand die Sicherung des Erreichten im Zentrum der persischen Herrschaftsauffassung. Deshalb mussten Dareios und Xerxes auf die Aggression der Athener Isonomie reagieren, die den Plan einer persischen Ägäis und die Sicherheit ihres Reichsgebietes in Kleinasien gefährdete. So prallten seit Ende des sechsten Jahrhunderts zwei völlig unterschiedliche politische Systeme aufeinander und lösten einen Krieg aus, der diplomatisch nicht einzudämmen war.
„Culto della romanità“ in einer Grenzregion des faschistischen Italien. Der (Sonder-)Fall Südtirol/Alto Adige
Authors: Strobl Wolfgang 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Nachdem Südtirol im Jahr 1919 im Pariser Friedensvertrag Italien zugeschlagen worden war, sah sich der Nationalstaat vor das Problem gestellt, eine sprachlich und kulturell andersartige Bevölkerungsgruppe in den Staatsverband zu integrieren. Nach der Machtergreifung Mussolinis, als der Nationalismus Teil der Staatsideologie wurde, startete das Regime gegenüber der österreichischen Minderheit eine radikale Italianisierungs- und Assimilierungspolitik. In dem Bemühen, die italienische (oder vielmehr faschistische) Herrschaft zu legitimieren und mitunter auch zu inszenieren, bediente man sich der römischen Geschichte und der in dieser Region aufgefundenen römischen Denkmäler. Über die Reaktivierung der historischen Erinnerung ließ sich an den Glanz und an die Größe des römischen Imperiums anknüpfen, der Anspruch auf das Land rechtfertigen und die faschistische Präsenz als Ergebnis der Rückkehr in ein angestammtes Herrschaftsgebiet deuten. Durch die besondere Hervorhebung der militärischen und zivilisatorischen Leistungen der Römer, etwa im Straßen-, Brücken-, und Hausbau, und durch die Betonung einer realen und ideellen Kontinuität zwischen dem römischen und faschistischen Imperium sollte in einer analogen Spiegelung auch die eigene Superiorität erwiesen werden. Die Anbindung der Region an die nationale Geschichte und an die nationalen Institutionen war besonders dem Irredentisten und Nationalisten Ettore Tolomei, der in seiner vielfältigen Propagandatätigkeit immer wieder und auf verschiedene Weise die römische Geschichte bemühte, ein zentrales Anliegen. Aber auch zahlreiche Archäologen, Architekten, Ingenieure, Künstler, Journalisten und Lehrer leisteten im „Alto Adige“ einen Beitrag zur Belebung und Verbreitung des „mito di Roma“. Der Rom-Mythos in all seinen Ausformungen, der Glaube an den Primat und an die zivilisatorische Sendung Roms hat seine Wurzeln im italienischen Risorgimento. Im ersten Jahrzehnt des 20. Jahrhunderts greifen ihn nationalistische Gruppen und Parteien auf, so dass er leicht Eingang in die faschistische Ideologie finden konnte.
Diese großangelegte Instrumentalisierung und Manipulation der (römischen) Geschichte mit all ihrer leeren Rhetorik, mit all ihren Verzerrungen und Verfälschungen manifestiert sich in dieser nördlichsten Provinz des faschistischen Italien zwar häufig in ganz spezifischen Ausformungen, korreliert ingesamt aber strukturell und ideologisch sehr eng mit dem auf nationaler Ebene intensiv betriebenen „culto della romanità“. Und hier wie da hatte dieser auch zur Stiftung von Identität beizutragen.
A brief study on the knowledge and choice of contraception methods in married adolescent girls
Authors: Dut Raziye , Al Ragıp Atakan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The fertility rate is 0.25% for 15–19-year-old girls and 16% for 19-year-old girls who are mothers or pregnant with their first child. Fifty-two percent of married adolescents did not have affective contraception. To encourage using the right contraceptive methods in married adolescents, it is essential to examine the behaviors of this group, the level of contraceptive knowledge and the choices they make regarding contraceptive use.

Materials and methods
One hundred and ten married adolescent females, less than 20 years of age, who visited a gynecology and obstetrics clinic between January 2015 and October 2016 were enrolled in this prospective study.

Results
Of them 96.4% were unemployed. At the time of the study, 70% of them were pregnant. Of these pregnancies, 46.4% was a first, 19.1% a second and 8.2% a third pregnancy. The abortion rate in this study was 18.3%, and stillbirth was 2.8%. The interval between pregnancies was 20.9 months. The unplanned pregnancy rate was 45.5% and 37.3% of these unplanned pregnancies resulted in at least one healthy child. The most common contraceptive method was the use of condoms (10.9%). Changes in contraceptive methods resulted in pregnancy in 66.7% of the cases. Although 20.9% of the husbands in the study used contraceptive methods, 40.9% of them felt that their husbands should be using contraception. Of the participants 43.5% received their knowledge regarding family planning and contraceptive methods from local health clinics.

Discussion
Teen marriage, pregnancy and teen parents result in socio-economic and educational difficulties. It is essential to support the adolescent parents using affective contraceptive methods and adolescent-friendly health clinics.