bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust neural networks using stochastic resonance neurons
Authors: Manuylovich Egor , Argüello Ron Diego , Kamalian-Kopae Morteza , Turitsyn Sergei K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVarious successful applications of deep artificial neural networks are effectively facilitated by the possibility to increase the number of layers and neurons in the network at the expense of the growing computational complexity. Increasing computational complexity to improve performance makes hardware implementation more difficult and directly affects both power consumption and the accumulation of signal processing latency, which are critical issues in many applications. Power consumption can be potentially reduced using analog neural networks, the performance of which, however, is limited by noise aggregation. Following the idea of physics-inspired machine learning, we propose here a type of neural network using stochastic resonances as a dynamic nonlinear node and demonstrate the possibility of considerably reducing the number of neurons required for a given prediction accuracy. We also observe that the performance of such neural networks is more robust against the impact of noise in the training data compared to conventional networks.
Clinical applications of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography (FAPI-PET)
Authors: Mori Yuriko , Novruzov Emil , Schmitt Dominik , Cardinale Jens , Watabe Tadashi , Choyke Peter L. , Alavi Abass , Haberkorn Uwe , Giesel Frederik L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe discovery of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography (FAPI-PET) has paved the way for a new class of PET tracers that target the tumor microenvironment (TME) rather than the tumor itself. Although 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most common PET tracer used in clinical imaging of cancer, multiple studies have now shown that the family of FAP ligands commonly outperform FDG in detecting cancers, especially those known to have lower uptake on FDG-PET. Moreover, FAPI-PET will have applications in benign fibrotic or inflammatory conditions. Thus, even while new FAPI-PET tracers are in development and applications are yet to enter clinical guidelines, a significant body of literature has emerged on FAPI-PET, suggesting it will have important clinical roles. This article summarizes the current state of clinical FAPI-PET imaging as well as potential uses as a theranostic agent.
Combining porous organic polymers with chelating agents: a facile strategy to develop effective and multi-purpose absorbents for wastewater treatment
Authors: Zhou Jiyong , Chen Yunze , Huang Liping , Sun Lin , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: November 2024

A type of multifunctional absorbent for the concurrent and efficient removal of dyes and heavy metal ions from water was prepared by coupling carbamate-based porous organic polymer and chelating agent N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid.
Alignment of Audiologists' Values With Best-Practice Standards: Insights From a National Survey
Authors: Menon Katherine N. , Hoover Eric C. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Previous research documented the values of audiology through a qualitative content analysis of documents representing traditional, best-practice hearing health care. The primary objective of this study was to validate the existing list of audiology values. Through a nationwide survey, this study aimed to elicit the values of practicing audiologists, with a specific focus on the prescription and dispensing of amplification devices, to ensure a comprehensive understanding of their priorities. Additionally, this study sought to identify any values missing from the original list and determine the rank order importance of these values, comparing this to the prioritization of values found in best-practice audiology documents. This comparison aimed to assess the alignment of recommended guidelines and real-world practices in hearing health care.

Design:
An online survey was distributed to audiologists to elicit the prioritization of values from hearing health care providers. Participants were tasked with sorting and ranking 18 items, each representing a specific value in hearing health care, based on importance. Respondents were encouraged to suggest and rank the importance of additional values not included in the list. Audiologists were recruited from professional association mailing lists and direct contact. Respondent demographics were representative of U.S. audiologists. Qualitative content analysis was used to interpret values suggested by audiologists. Kendall's rank distance test was used to compare values prioritization between audiologists and best-practice audiology documents.

Results:
After filtering out incomplete or disqualifying responses, data from 289 audiologists across 46 states were analyzed. Additional values suggested by respondents aligned with existing values from best-practice documents; thus, no new values were added as a result of this study. A ranked list of values based on mean order of importance was elicited from U.S.-based audiologists. There was substantial agreement between survey results and the rank order of values found in best-practice audiology documents. A demographic subgroup analysis revealed a broad agreement among audiologists in the rank order of values.

Conclusions:
This study validated a comprehensive list of values in audiology and identified the rank order of values among a nationally representative sample of audiologists. The findings provide a foundation for future investigations into how these values influence decision-making processes for individuals with hearing difficulty. Addressing values conflicts as potential barriers to hearing health care usage can lead to solutions aligned with values of specific populations, ultimately improving the adoption and effectiveness of hearing health care interventions.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27478149
Associations Between Hearing Loss and Health-Related Costs: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Tonelli Marcello , Wiebe Natasha , Boulton Tiffany , Donald Maoliosa , Evans Julie , Hemmelgarn Brenda , Howarth Tanis , Lunney Meg , Nicholas David , Makaroff Kara Schick , So Helen , Thompson Stephanie , Klarenbach Scott W. , Manns Braden 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Hearing loss (HL) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, but its health-related costs have been incompletely studied. Our objective was to examine the association between HL and direct health care costs and identify subgroups in which costs associated with HL are especially high.

Method:
This was a retrospective population-based cohort study of adults treated in a universal health care system between April 2008 and March 2019. HL was identified using administrative health data. We estimate health care costs in 2023 Canadian dollars, including costs for hospitalization, provider claims, ambulatory care visits, prescription medications, and long-term care (LTC).

Results:

Of 4,424,632 participants, 146,644 (3.3%) had HL. Participants with HL were older (
Mdn
= 55 years [interquartile range: 43–68] vs. 35 years [24–50]) and had more comorbidities (1 [0–2] vs. 0 [0–1]) at baseline than participants without, whereas the likelihood of female sex, rural residence, and material deprivation were similar between groups with and without HL. Over median follow-up of 11.0 years, total age–sex adjusted annual health costs and each of its component costs were significantly higher in participants with HL compared to those without (annual total costs: $6,871, 95% confidence interval [CI] [$6,778, $6,962] vs. $4,716, 95% CI [$4,729, $4,763]). After full adjustment (a maximum of 29 comorbidities), annual costs remained significantly higher in participants with HL overall and for certain subcomponents (provider claims, ambulatory visits, and medications), whereas adjusted costs of hospitalization and LTC were lower among people with HL. The magnitude of the incremental costs among participants with HL was most pronounced for younger participants, men, or those with less comorbidity. Total projected annual direct health costs for Alberta residents with HL were $1.01 billion in 2023, of which $125 million (95% CI [$116, $135 million]) was attributable to HL specifically.

Conclusions:
Compared to those without HL, health costs were markedly higher among participants with HL, partially due to a higher burden of comorbidity. The relatively high population attributable costs of HL suggest that better prevention, recognition, and management of this condition could yield substantial economic benefits.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27353439
Influence of Voice Focus on Auditory Feedback Control of Speech Using Long-Term Average Spectrum, Phon Spectrum, and Accelerometry
Authors: Lee Shao-Hsuan , Lee Guo-She 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
This study investigates the effect of voice-focus adjustments on oronasal balance and auditory feedback control of speech via analyzing spectral distribution, perceived loudness, and nasal vibrations during sustained phonation and passage reading.

Method:
Twenty-five speech-language pathologists sustained /a/ and read passages with forward, backward, and natural voice focuses in quiet and noisy conditions. The low-frequency power (LFP) below 3 Hz of vocal fundamental frequency was analyzed to access audio–vocal feedback control. Long-term average spectra of speech were converted to phon spectra based on equal-loudness contours ISO 226:2003 to estimate perceived loudness of self-voice across different conditions. Nasal vibrations were also recorded using a digital accelerometer to measure oronasal coupling.

Results:
Forward-focused voice enhanced the nasal acceleration and reduced LFP, suggesting that increasing the degree of oronasal coupling can improve audio–vocal feedback control compared to natural and backward-focused voices. Voice-focus adjustments were most related to average power and phon values in the 0.2- to 0.3-kHz band. In noise, perceived loudness in the 0.5- to 2.3-kHz band effectively predicted LFP, outperforming the average spectral power of the same band.

Conclusions:
Voice-focus adjustments significantly impact both the acoustic transfer function of the vocal tract and the spontaneous fine-tuning of audio–vocal integration. This influence becomes particularly pronounced when sound intensity or perceived loudness is changed within the frequency range of 0.2–2.3 kHz, depending on the voice focus selected by the speakers.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27183483
Domain‐independent adaptive histogram‐based features for pomegranate fruit and leaf diseases classification
Authors: Prajwala Mohanmuralidhar , Kumar Prabhuswamy Prajwal , Gopinath Shanubhog Maheshwarappa , Palaiahnakote Shivakumara , Basavanna Mahadevappa , Lopresti Daniel P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDisease identification for fruits and leaves in the field of agriculture is important for estimating production, crop yield, and earnings for farmers. In the specific case of pomegranates, this is challenging because of the wide range of possible diseases and their effects on the plant and the crop. This study presents an adaptive histogram‐based method for solving this problem. Our method describe is domain independent in the sense that it can be easily and efficiently adapted to other similar smart agriculture tasks. The approach explores colour spaces, namely, Red, Green, and Blue along with Grey. The histograms of colour spaces and grey space are analysed based on the notion that as the disease changes, the colour also changes. The proximity between the histograms of grey images with individual colour spaces is estimated to find the closeness of images. Since the grey image is the average of colour spaces (R, G, and B), it can be considered a reference image. For estimating the distance between grey and colour spaces, the proposed approach uses a Chi‐Square distance measure. Further, the method uses an Artificial Neural Network for classification. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated by testing on a dataset of fruit and leaf images affected by different diseases. The results show that the method outperforms existing techniques in terms of average classification rate.
Analysis for sparse channel representation based on dictionary learning in massive MIMO systems
Authors: Guan Qing‐Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe accuracy analysis of dictionary sparse representation for channels in massive MIMO systems is a relatively unexplored field. Existing research has primarily focused on investigating the accuracy of dictionary sparse representation using simulation in massive MIMO systems, but has not provided quantitative accuracy analysis. To address this gap, the correlation numerical proportional factor is proposed to represent the accuracy performance of non‐zero elements in the coefficient matrix. Additionally, a qualitative analytical formula for dictionary sparse representation accuracy is provided and an optimal upper bound for the correlation numerical proportional factor is established. Furthermore, the innovation indicates that the accuracy of dictionary sparse representation is mainly influenced by the cross‐correlation between the pilots matrix and the dictionary matrix, as well as sparsity. The author has also developed a method for minimizing the correlation numerical proportional factor. In order to obtain an optimal sparse representation coefficient matrix, a cross‐correlation matrix is constructed and an analytical expression is derived for it as well as its use as an optimal hard decision threshold is determined. Finally, a sparse representation coefficient optimization algorithm is proposed using this optimal threshold. Simulation results demonstrate that this algorithm can significantly improve channel sparse dictionary representation accuracy.
Unit commitment in solar‐based integrated energy distribution systems with electrical, thermal and natural gas flexibilities: Application of information gap decision theory
Authors: Nasiri Nima , Zeynali Saeed , Ravadanegh Sajad Najafi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe depleting oil reserves, air pollution and increasing energy demand, have overturned the focus of the scientific community to renewable energy sources. Among which the photovoltaic (PV) systems occupy more than half of the market share and are generally installed at the distribution level. The volatile and uncertain nature of these PV productions necessitates flexible resources in energy systems. To this end, the district heating systems have an outstanding flexibility on account of their high thermal inertia. This study investigates the optimal unit commitment scheduling for gas‐fired and non‐gas‐fired distributed generation units (NGU) in an integrated energy distribution system (IEDS) within the physical constraints of the electrical, natural gas and thermal energy distribution networks. Moreover, a planning‐based optimization framework is proposed to investigate the investment of battery storage systems in the electric distribution network under the high penetration of PV systems with the aim of enhancing flexibility and reducing the operating costs of the IEDS. In this framework, the information gap decision theory is deployed under risk‐averse and risk‐seeker strategies to deal with uncertain PV energy production. Additionally, the environmental emissions are considered in a multi‐objective approach. The IEDS is embodied through IEEE 33‐bus EDS, 20‐node natural gas network and an 8‐node district heating systems. Eventually, The proposed approach makes a noteworthy contribution to the advancement of solar energy systems in IEDS.
A resolved Lyman α profile with doubly peaked emission at z ∼ 7
Authors: Moya-Sierralta C. , González-López J. , Infante L. , Barrientos L. F. , Hu W. , Malhotra S. , Rhoads J. , Wang J. , Wold I. , Zheng Z. 
Published: November 2024

Context. The epoch of reionization is a landmark in structure formation and galaxy evolution. How it happened is still not clear, especially regarding which population of objects was responsible for contributing the bulk of ionizing photons to this process. Doubly peaked Lyman-alpha profiles in this epoch are of particular interest since they hold information about the escape of ionizing radiation and the environment surrounding the source.
Aims. We wish to understand the escape mechanisms of ionizing radiation in Lyα emitters during this time and the origin of a doubly peaked Lyman-alpha profile. We also wish to estimate the size of a potential ionized bubble.
Methods. Using radiative transfer models, we fit the line profile of a bright Lyα emitter at z ∼ 6.9 using various gas geometries. The line modeling reveals significant radiation escape from this system.
Results. The studied source shows significant escape (fesc(Lyα) ∼ 0.8, as predicted by the best fitting radiative transfer model) and appears to inhabit an ionized bubble of radius Rb ≈ 0.8−0.3+0.5 pMpc(tage/108)1/3. Radiative transfer modeling predicts the line to be completely redward of the systemic redshift. We suggest the line morphology is produced by inflows, by multiple components emitting Lyα, or by an absorbing component in the red wing.
Conclusions. We propose that CDFS-1’s profile has two red peaks produced by winds within the system. Its high fesc(Lyα) and the low-velocity offset from the systemic redshift suggest that the source is an active ionizing agent. Future observations will reveal whether a peak is present blueward of the systemic redshift or if multiple components produce the profile.
Blutdruckziele bei Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Obermüller Nicholas 
Published: November 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus, insbesondere vom Typ 2, entwickelt sich vermehrt eine ausgeprägte arterielle Hypertonie – letztlich in bis zu 80 % der Fälle. Die arterielle Hypertonie ist hier also 2–3-mal häufiger als bei Menschen ohne Diabetes. Eine extrazelluläre Volumenausdehnung und eine arterielle Gefäßsteifigkeit sind Hauptfaktoren des Hypertonus in dieser Patientengruppe. Das Therapieziel ist es deshalb, frühzeitig die Hypertonie zu normalisieren. Dabei sollten zudem bestehende oder sich entwickelnde kardiale wie auch zerebrale Schäden sowie eine Niereninsuffizienz und eine Proteinurie optimal behandelt werden. Unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Leitlinien sollte der gewünschte Zielblutdruck bei Personen mit Diabetes im Bereich beziehungsweise bei < 130/80 mmHg liegen, auch bei dem Vorliegen einer chronischen Niereninsuffizienz und einer relevanten Protein­urie. Darüber hinaus sind gezielte Lebens-Stil-Interventionen und eine effektive antidiabetische Therapie anzustreben. Inhibitoren der Natrium-Glukose-Kotransporter 2 (SGLT-2: Sodium Glucose Linked Transporter-2) sind Bestandteil der Diabetestherapie, haben gewisse antihypertensive Eigenschaften und sind nephroprotektiv. Hemmer des Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-Systems (RAAS) in ausreichender Dosierung sind ein primärer Bestandteil der medikamentösen antihypertensiven Therapie, kombiniert mit einem Diuretikum oder/und einem Kalziumantagonisten. Oft müssen Medikamente aus anderen Substanzklassen ergänzt werden. In der klinischen Praxis sind ein sehr hohes und junges Alter, Begleit­erkrankungen, Hypotonieneigung und Klimaveränderungen zu berücksichtigen.
In Silico Identification of Promising PDE5 Inhibitors Against
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Natural Derivatives: A Study Involving Docking
and ADMET Analysis
Authors: Kumar Anil , Rajput Dharmendra , Gupta Naveen , Singh Harpreet , Chopra Shivani , Chopra Hitesh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant worldwide health
challenge due to its high mortality rate, underscoring the need for advanced
therapeutic strategies. This study employs a computer-based method to identify
potential phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors from a library of approved
IBS_Scaff 532 natural compounds. PDE5 inhibitors have gained attention for their
potential anti-tumor effects. Using molecular docking simulations, the
researchers assessed how well these compounds bind to the PDE5 enzyme, which
regulates cellular cGMP pathways. Additionally, ADMET profiling predicted the
pharmacological and safety properties of candidate inhibitors. Notably,
compounds like IBS_NC-0322 and IBS_NC-0320 exhibited favorable ADMET properties
and strong binding affinities. These findings suggest their potential as
therapeutic agents for treating HCC. While in silico methods serve as valuable
screening tools, subsequent experimental validation and clinical trials are
essential for confirmation.
Strategies and Management for Psychiatric Drug Withdrawal: A
Systematic Review of Case Reports and Series
Authors: Eserian Jaqueline K. , Blanco Vinícius P. , Mercuri Lucildes P. , Matos Jivaldo R. , Kalleian Eugênia A. , Galduróz José C. F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, an increasing number of case reports on psychiatric drug
withdrawal have emerged, offering detailed clinical insights and valuable
real-world evidence on the withdrawal process. The objective of this review was
to evaluate the strategies and management for withdrawing psychiatric drugs, as
detailed in case reports and series. A systematic review of case reports and
series published between 2013 and 2023 was conducted to capture the latest
trends in psychiatric drug withdrawal. Cases were identified following the
PRISMA guidelines by searching electronic databases Medline and Scopus. Finally,
47 case reports and series were included. The primary reason for drug withdrawal
was attributed to the emergence of adverse events, followed by medication
dependence or abuse, and clinical decision-making or symptom resolution. Gradual
reduction of doses was implemented through various management approaches as the
primary strategy for drug withdrawal, and drug substitution emerged as the
second most employed strategy. Also, patients were mostly undergoing
polypharmacy. Favorable treatment outcomes were reported in the majority of
cases, suggesting that psychiatric drug withdrawal is feasible – though quite
challenging in some situations. However, the remarkably low number of
unsuccessful cases may create a misleading impression of the significant
difficulty associated with withdrawing psychiatric drugs.
Systematic Review of Plant-Based Excipients in Topical Drug Delivery
Authors: Nammas Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis review explores the use of plant-based excipients in topical drug delivery. The review examines the advantages and challenges of using plant-based excipients, as well as case studies that demonstrate their effectiveness in delivering drugs through the skin. The review also discusses future perspectives on the use of plant-based excipients, including the potential for developing new formulations and improving drug delivery efficiency. The findings of this review suggest that plant-based excipients have significant potential in topical drug delivery and could offer a more sustainable and natural alternative to synthetic excipients. Overall, this review provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry who are interested in developing new and innovative drug delivery systems.