bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of an in vitro model to study the possible role of polyomavirus BK in prostate cancer
Authors: Villani Sonia , Gagliano Nicoletta , Procacci Patrizia , Sartori Patrizia , Comar Manola , Provenzano Maurizio , Favi Evaldo , Ferraresso Mariano , Ferrante Pasquale , Delbue Serena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common male neoplasms in the Western world. Various risk factors may lead to carcinogenesis, including infectious agents such as polyomavirus BK (BKPyV), which infects the human renourinary tract, establishes latency, and encodes oncoproteins. Previous studies suggested that BKPyV plays a role in PCa pathogenesis. However, the unspecific tropism of BKPyV and the lack of in vitro models of BKPyV‐infected prostate cells cast doubt on this hypothesis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether BKPyV could (a) infect normal and/or tumoral epithelial prostate cells and (b) affect their phenotype. Normal epithelial prostate RWPE‐1 cells and PCa PC‐3 cells were infected with BKPyV for 21 days. Cell proliferation, cytokine production, adhesion, invasion ability, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were analyzed. Our results show that (a) RWPE‐1 and PC‐3 cells are both infectable with BKPyV, but the outcome of the infection varies, (b) cell proliferation and TNF‐α production were increased in BKPyV‐infected RWPE‐1, but not in PC‐3 cells, (c) adhesion to matrigel and invasion abilities were elevated in BKPyV‐infected RWPE‐1 cells, and (d) loss of E‐cadherin and expression of vimentin occurred in both uninfected and infected RWPE‐1 cells. In conclusion, BKPyV may change some features of the normal prostate cells but is not needed for maintaining the transformed phenotype in the PCa cells The fact that RWPE‐1 cells exhibit some phenotype modifications related to EMT represents a limit of this in vitro model.
HDAC10 upregulation contributes to interleukin 1β‐mediated inflammatory activation of synovium‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in temporomandibular joint
Authors: Liao Wenting , Sun Jiadong , Liu Wenjing , Li Wenyu , Jia Jiaxin , Ou Farong , Su Kai , Zheng Youhua , Zhang Zhiguang , Sun Yangpeng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDACs) are important in chronic inflammation, and inflammatory responses affect synovium‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (SMSC) function in temporomandibular joint repair. However, the effect of HDACs on SMSC inflammatory activation remains unclear. In this study, temporomandibular joint fibroblast‐like synoviocytes obtained from osteoarthritis patients met the minimal mesenchymal stem cell criteria. Interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) upregulated IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression in SMSCs through nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway activation. IL‐6 and IL‐8 upregulation were blocked by broad‐acting HDAC inhibitors SAHA and LBH589. MC1568 alleviated IL‐1β activation of SMSCs, whereas CI994 and FK228 produced a minimal or opposite effect in vitro. We also found HDAC10 was highly associated with localized IL‐1β expression in vivo and in vitro. HDAC10 knockdown alleviated IL‐1β‐mediated SMSC activation and blocked NF‐κB pathway activation. Conversely, HDAC10 overexpression promoted IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression and IL‐1β‐mediated NF‐κB pathway activation. In conclusion, HDAC10 upregulation contributed to IL‐1β‐mediated inflammatory activation of SMSCs, indicating that HDAC10 may be a novel therapeutic target.
Targeting peptidylarginine deiminase reduces neutrophil extracellular trap formation and tissue injury in severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Madhi Raed , Rahman Milladur , Taha Dler , Mörgelin* Matthias , Thorlacius Henrik 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). Herein, we examined the role of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD), which has been shown to regulate NET formation, in severe AP. AP was induced by retrograde of taurocholate infusion into pancreatic duct in C57BL/6 mice. PAD was pharmacologically inhibited using Cl‐amidine, a pan‐PAD inhibitor. Pancreata were collected, and histones, citrullinated histone 3, chemokines, myeloperoxidase, and NETs were quantified. Chemokines, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and DNA‐histone complexes were determined in plasma samples. Infusion of taurocholate induced formation of NETs in pancreatic tissues of mice. Pretreatment with Cl‐amidine markedly reduced the NET formation in the inflamed pancreas. Moreover, inhibition of PAD decreased the levels of blood amylase as well as edema, acinar cell necrosis, hemorrhage, and neutrophil infiltration in the pancreas of animals with AP. Administration of Cl‐amidine attenuated the myeloperoxidase levels in the pancreas and lung of mice exposed to taurocholate. In addition, Cl‐amidine decreased pancreatic levels of CXC chemokines, plasma levels of IL‐6, and MMP‐9 in mice with severe AP. This study shows that Cl‐amidine is a potent inhibitor of NET formation in severe AP. Also, our results suggest that PAD regulates pathological inflammation and tissue damage in the inflamed pancreas. Thus, targeting PAD might be a useful strategy to treat patients with severe AP.
Reactive oxygen species in colorectal cancer: The therapeutic impact and its potential roles in tumor progression via perturbation of cellular and physiological dysregulated pathways
Authors: Moradi‐Marjaneh Reyhaneh , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Mehramiz Mehraneh , Rezayi Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Khazaei Majid , Avan Amir 
Published: December 2018

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by mitochondria during metabolism. In physiological states, the production of ROS and their elimination by antioxidants are kept in balance. However, in pathological states, elevated levels of ROS interact with susceptible cellular target compounds including lipids, proteins, and DNA and deregulate oncogenic signaling pathways that are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. Although antioxidant compounds have been successfully used in the treatment of CRC as prevention approaches, they have also been shown in some cases to promote disease progression. In this review, we focus on the role of ROS in gastrointestinal homeostasis, CRC progression, diagnosis, and therapy with particular emphasis on ROS‐stimulated pathways.
Serum‐reduced media impacts on cell viability and protein expression in human lung epithelial cells
Authors: Rashid Mahamud‐ur , Coombs Kevin M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSerum starvation is a widely used condition in molecular biology experiments. Opti‐MEM is a serum‐reduced media used during transfection of genetic molecules into mammalian cells. However, the impact of such media on cell viability and protein synthesis is unknown. A549 human lung epithelial cell viability and morphology were adversely affected by growing in Opti‐MEM. The cellular protein levels of chloride intracellular channel protein 1, proteasome subunit alpha Type 2, and heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 were dysregulated in A549 cells after growing in serum‐reduced media. Small interfering RNA transfection was done in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum, and knockdown efficacy was determined compared with Opti‐MEM. Similar amounts of knockdown of the target proteins were achieved in DMEM, and cell viability was higher compared with Opti‐MEM after transfection. Careful consideration of the impact of Opti‐MEM media during the culture or transfection is important for experimental design and results interpretation.
Tears and ocular surface disorders: Usefulness of biomarkers
Authors: Di Zazzo Antonio , Micera Alessandra , De Piano Maria , Cortes Magdalena , Bonini Stefano 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionCorroborating data suggest that the analysis of tear fluid might represent an additional tool in the ophthalmological practice.Areas CoveredThe purpose of this review was to sum up the tear protein profiles in healthy and diseased ocular surface and to highlight biomarker usefulness in the early diagnosis as well as at follow‐up. This analysis encompasses a deep examination of the protein profile expression under physiological and pathological conditions. Tear protein profile analysis will allow in the near future discriminating between different grades of inflammation, from acute trauma toward immune‐, endocrine‐, and nervous‐related disorders of the ocular surface.Concluding RemarksThe review provides an overview of old and recent findings about inflammatory mediators identified at the ocular surface, under physiological and pathological conditions. To date, the analysis of tear fluid represents a new additional approach for diagnosis and management of ocular surface diseases. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanism could also offer significant advantages to develop strategies addressed to better clarify some complex ocular surface disorders. To sum up, the possibility to provide selective biomarkers as a future target of specific diseases should be considered for supporting diagnosis and management of ocular surface diseases.
A novel antifouling ultrafiltration membranes prepared from percarboxylic acid functionalized SiO2 bound Fe3O4 nanoparticle (SCMNP‐COOOH)/polyethersulfone nanocomposite for BSA separation and dye removal
Authors: Vatanpour Vahid , Shahsavarifar Samaneh , Khorshidi Sohrab , Masteri‐Farahani Majid 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSilica coated magnetite nanoparticles (SCMNPs) were synthesized via a co‐precipitating method and functionalized with carboxylic acid and percarboxylic acid groups for the preparation of microporous polyethersulfone (PES) nanocomposite membranes and used in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and dye separation. There is no published report about the use of this nanoparticle in the preparation of mixed matrix membranes.RESULTSDifferent concentrations of these nanoparticles were used. The 0.5 wt% SCMNPs‐COOOH NPs–PES membrane had the lowest irreversible fouling resistance (Rir) value (8.33%) and the highest FRR value (91.7%), suggesting that the prepared mixed matrix membrane is easily recovered by water washing. The introduction of percarboxylic acid groups has a positive impact on rejection of the three dyes (Rhodamine B, Direct Black 38, Reactive Green 19), and all membranes presented rejections of more than 90% due to improved electrostatic repulsion between the dye and the membrane surface by incorporation of the nanoparticles.CONCLUSIONThe membranes modified by SCMNPs‐COOOH had significantly higher permeability and BSA solution flux compared with the bare PES membrane. The nanocomposite membranes had enhanced hydrophilicity because of water affinity enhancement of the membrane surface due to the presence of hydrophilic nanoparticles. It is concluded that SCMNPs‐COOOH nanoparticles could be an ideal additive to modify PES membrane for water filtration applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of a borderless sample transport network for scaling up viral load monitoring: results of a geospatial optimization model for Zambia
Authors: Nichols Brooke E , Girdwood Sarah J , Crompton Thomas , Stewart‐Isherwood Lynsey , Berrie Leigh , Chimhamhiwa Dorman , Moyo Crispin , Kuehnle John , Stevens Wendy , Rosen Sydney ,   EQUIP Health
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe World Health Organization recommends viral load (VL) monitoring at six and twelve months and then annually after initiating antiretroviral treatment for HIV. In many African countries, expansion of VL testing has been slow due to a lack of efficient blood sample transportation networks (STN). To assist Zambia in scaling up testing capacity, we modelled an optimal STN to minimize the cost of a national VL STN.MethodsThe model optimizes a STN in Zambia for the anticipated 1.5 million VL tests that will be needed in 2020, taking into account geography, district political boundaries, and road, laboratory and facility infrastructure. We evaluated all‐inclusive STN costs of two alternative scenarios: (1) optimized status quo: each district provides its own weekly or daily sample transport; and (2) optimized borderless STN: ignores district boundaries, provides weekly or daily sample transport, and reaches all Scenario 1 facilities.ResultsUnder both scenarios, VL testing coverage would increase to from 10% in 2016 to 91% in 2020. The mean transport cost per VL in Scenario 2 was $2.11 per test (SD $0.28), 52% less than the mean cost/test in Scenario 1, $4.37 (SD $0.69), comprising 10% and 19% of the cost of a VL respectively.ConclusionsAn efficient STN that optimizes sample transport on the basis of geography and test volume, rather than political boundaries, can cut the cost of sample transport by more than half, providing a cost savings opportunity for countries that face significant resource constraints.
The chemokine receptor CXCR2 contributes to murine adipocyte development
Authors: Dyer Douglas P , Nebot Joan Boix , Kelly Christopher J , Medina-Ruiz Laura , Schuette Fabian , Graham Gerard J 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Chemokines are members of a large family of chemotactic cytokines that signal through their receptors to mediate leukocyte recruitment during inflammation and homeostasis. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 has largely been associated with neutrophil recruitment. However, there is emerging evidence of roles for chemokines and their receptors in processes other than leukocyte migration. We have previously demonstrated that CXCR2 knockout (KO) mice have thinner skin compared to wild-type mice. Herein we demonstrate that this is due to a thinner subcutaneous adipose layer, as a result of fewer and smaller individual adipocytes. We observe a similar phenotype in other fat depots and present data that suggests this may be due to reduced expression of adipogenesis related genes associated with adipocyte specific CXCR2 signaling. Interestingly, this phenotype is evident in female, but not male, CXCR2 KO mice. These findings expand our understanding of nonleukocyte related chemokine receptor functions and help to explain some previously observed adipose-related phenotypes in CXCR2 KO mice.
Exploring aggregation‐induced emission through tuning of ligand structure for picomolar detection of pyrene
Authors: Ghosh Milan , Ta Sabyasachi , Lohar Sisir , Das Sudipta , Brandão Paula , Felix Vitor , Das Debasis 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTuning of ligand structures through controlled variation of ring number in fused‐ring aromatic moiety appended to antipyrine allows detection of 7.8 × 10−12 M pyrene via aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) associated with 101‐fold fluorescence enhancement. In one case, antipyrine unit is replaced by pyridine to derive bis‐methylanthracenyl picolyl amine. The structures of four molecules have been confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Among them, pyrene‐antipyrine conjugate (L) undergoes pyrene triggered inhibition of photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) leading to water‐assisted AIE.
VDR rs7975232/ApaI genetic variation predicts sustained HBsAg loss in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon
Authors: Shan Ben , Wang Jun Yan , Wang Xia , Fu Juan Juan , Li Li , Pan Xiu Cheng , Li Jian Jun , Tang Xian Tuan 
Published: December 2018

AimTo evaluate the predictive value of vitamin D and its metabolic pathway gene polymorphisms in response to pegylated interferon (Peg‐IFN) in hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg)‐positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.MethodsOne hundred and nineteen HBeAg‐positive CHB patients who received Peg‐IFN monotherapy for 48 weeks and then were followed‐up for another 48 weeks were prospectively enrolled; baseline 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25‐(OH)D) and hepatitis B virus serologic marker levels were detected, nine critical single nucleotide polymorphisms within vitamin D metabolism were genotyped.ResultsForty‐five (37.8%), 44 (37.0%), 35 (29.4%), and 11 (9.2%) of the patients achieved virological response (VR), HBeAg loss, combined response (CR), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level < 200 IU/mL at the end of treatment (EOT; week 48), respectively; 42 (35.3%) and six (5.0%) people achieved HBeAg and HBsAg loss at the end of follow‐up (EOF; week 96). Baseline HBeAg level was independent predictor of VR (odds ratio [OR], 0.470; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.294‐0.751; P = 0.002), HBeAg loss (OR, 0.395; 95% CI, 0.243‐0.643; P < 0.001), CR (OR, 0.392; 95% CI, 0.215‐0.714; P = 0.002) at EOT and HBeAg loss at EOF (OR, 0.334; 95% CI, 0.203‐0.559; P < 0.001); baseline HBsAg level itself was independent predictor of both HBsAg < 200 IU/mL at EOT (OR, 0.257; 95% CI, 0.103‐0.642; P = 0.004) and HBsAg loss at EOF (OR, 0.232; 95% CI, 0.077‐0.702; P = 0.010). Age was also independent predictors of HBsAg loss at EOF (OR, 0.775; 95% CI, 0.634‐0.948; P = 0.013). Concerning genetic variation of VDR rs7975232/
ApaI, A allele was the genetic independent predictor of VR at EOT (OR, 1.824; 95% CI, 1.024‐3.248; P = 0.041) and HBsAg loss at EOF (OR, 3.566; 95% CI, 1.057‐12.029; P = 0.040).ConclusionsGenetic variation of VDR rs7975232/
ApaI is a pretreatment predictor of sustained HBsAg loss in HBeAg‐positive CHB patients with Peg‐IFN monotherapy.
Allograft reconstruction of the humerus: Complications and revision surgery
Authors: Ogink Paul T. , Teunissen Frederik R. , Massier Julie R. , Raskin Kevin A. , Schwab Joseph H. , Lozano‐Calderon Santiago A. 
Published: December 2018

Background and ObjectivesAllograft reconstruction of the humerus after resection is preferred by many because of bone stock restoration and biologic attachment of ligaments and muscles to the allograft, theoretically obtaining superior stability and functionality. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of complications and the incidence and etiology for revision surgery in humeral allograft reconstructions.MethodsWe included patients 18 years and older who underwent wide resection and allograft reconstruction of the humerus for primary and metastatic lesions at our institution between 1990 and 2013. Our primary outcome measures were complications and revision surgery. We used competing risk regression to assess allograft survival.ResultsOf the 84 patients we included, 47 patients (51%) underwent allograft reconstructions of the proximal humerus, 30 (36%) intercalary, and seven (8%) of the distal humerus. Fifty‐one patients (61%) had at least one complication after surgery. Eighteen patients (21%) underwent revision surgery. The 5‐year allograft survival was 71%.ConclusionAlthough allograft reconstructions of the humerus are a valuable option in the orthopedic oncologist's armamentarium, surgeons should mind the accompanying complication rates. Allograft fractures seem to be the main issue for proximal and distal allografts, often leading to revision surgery. Intercalary allografts are mostly troubled by nonunions.
Vertical head impulse and caloric are complementary but react opposite to Meniere's disease hydrops
Authors: Fukushima Munehisa , Oya Ryohei , Nozaki Kengo , Eguchi Hirotaka , Akahani Shiro , Inohara Hidenori , Takeda Noriaki 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisMeniere's disease (MD) patients can show normal head impulses despite poor caloric test results. This study aimed to investigate the discrepancy in the vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) in MD patients and whether endolymphatic hydrops (EH) influence the VOR.Study DesignProspective, cross‐sectional observational study.MethodsNinety MD patients were enrolled. Neuro‐otological testing, including a video head impulse test (vHIT) of all semicircular canals (SCs), and gadolinium‐enhanced inner ear magnetic resonance imaging were performed. The vestibular EH volume was quantitatively evaluated by processing magnetic resonance images.ResultsAbnormal vHIT results in MD patients were found most frequently in the posterior (44.4%) SCs, followed by the horizontal (13.3%) and anterior (10%) SCs. Canal paresis (CP) was assessed using the vHIT and the caloric test, and results were not significant when vHIT responses were assessed as CP only using the horizontal SC. The difference in the vestibular EH between the presence and absence of CP was not significant if assessed using the vHIT (P = .5591), but it was statistically different if assessed using the caloric test (P = .0467).ConclusionsThe contradictory reaction of VOR in MD patients may result from the high specificity but low sensitivity of CP in the horizontal vHIT. EH volume in the vestibule affects the caloric response but does not affect the vHIT response.Level of Evidence2bLaryngoscope, 129:1660–1666, 2019
The effect of poly‐p‐dioxanone plate on the protection and vitality of cartilage: An animal study
Authors: Gulel Onur , Tuzuner Arzu , Arslan Necmi , Yerlikaya Huseyin Serdar , Yumusak Nihat 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisIn septorhinoplasty, septal, auricular, and costal cartilage are often used as autologous graft. Autologous grafts are preferred in nasal reconstruction. The aim of this study was to histopathologically examine the tissue compatibility and the effect on the stability and cartilage vitality of poly‐p‐dioxanone (PDS) plates.Study DesignTen adult New Zealand rabbits were used.MethodsTen New Zealand rabbits were used. Septal and auricular cartilage sections were removed; one of the two cartilage grafts was left plain, and the other was sutured to a PDS plate. Grafts were placed into the back of the rabbits. After 12 weeks, the graft material was examined microscopically.ResultsThe specimens did not cause any significant foreign body reaction. Within 3 months, a significant degree of color, stability, and stiffness was lost. Microscopically, inflammation, necrosis, and cartilage cell degeneration scores were statistically significantly lower in the grafts using PDS (P < .05), and the vascularization, collagen, and cartilage proliferation scores were found to be statistically significantly higher (P < .05). No statistically significant difference was determined in respect of the bone proliferation scores (P > .05).ConclusionsThe use of PDS plates together with cartilage provided mechanical support to the graft. Therefore, changes that disrupt the integrity of the graft, such as inflammation, necrosis, and cartilage cell degeneration, were reduced, and changes that provide greater stability, such as vascularization, collagen, and cartilage proliferation, were increased.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:E129–E134, 2019