bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter randomized trial of arsenic trioxide and Realgar‐Indigo naturalis formula in pediatric patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: Interim results of the SCCLG‐APL clinical study
Authors: Yang Ming‐Hua , Wan Wu‐Qing , Luo Jie‐Si , Zheng Min‐Cui , Huang Ke , Yang Li‐Hua , Mai Hui‐Rong , Li Jian , Chen Hui‐Qin , Sun Xiao‐Fei , Liu Ri‐Yang , Chen Guo‐Hua , Feng Xiaoqin , Ke Zhi‐Yong , Li Bin , Tang Yan‐Lai , Huang Li‐Bin , Luo Xue‐Qun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntravenous arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been adopted as the first‐line treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Another arsenic compound named the Realgar‐Indigo naturalis formula (RIF), an oral traditional Chinese medicine containing As4S4, has been shown to be highly effective in treating adult APL. In the treatment of pediatric APL, the safety and efficacy of RIF remains to be confirmed. This randomized, multicenter, and noninferiority trial was conducted to determine whether intravenous ATO can be substituted by oral RIF in the treatment of pediatric APL. From September 2011 to January 2017, among 92 patients who were 16 years old or younger with newly diagnosed PML‐RARa positive APL, 82 met eligible criteria and were randomly assigned to ATO (n = 42) or RIF (n = 40) group. The remaining 10 patients did not fulfilled eligible criteria because five did not accept randomization, four died and one had hemiplegia prior to arsenic randomization due to intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral thrombosis. Induction and consolidation treatment contained ATO or RIF, all‐trans‐retinoic acid and low intensity chemotherapy. End points included event‐free survival (EFS), adverse events and hospital days. After a median 3‐year follow‐up, the estimated 5‐year EFS was 100% in both groups, and adverse events were mild. However, patients in the RIF group had significantly less hospital stay than those in the ATO group. This interim analysis shows that oral RIF is as effective and safe as intravenous ATO for the treatment of pediatric APL, with the advantage of reducing hospital stay. Final trial analysis will reveal mature outcome data.
Ontogeny and variability of trabecular bone in the chimpanzee humerus, femur and tibia
Authors: Tsegai Zewdi J. , Skinner Matthew M. , Pahr Dieter H. , Hublin Jean‐Jacques , Kivell Tracy L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesTrabecular bone structure is known to be influenced by joint loading during life. However, many additional variables have the potential to contribute to trabecular bone structure of an adult individual, including age, sex, body size, genetics, and overall activity level. There is little research into intraspecific variability in trabecular bone and ontogeny of trabecular bone structure, especially in nonhuman primates.Materials and methodsThis study investigates trabecular structure in adult and immature chimpanzees from a single population using high‐resolution microcomputed tomographic scans of the proximal humerus, proximal femur, and distal tibia. Trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), and degree of anisotropy (DA) were quantified in specific regions of adult and immature chimpanzees, and color maps were generated to visualize the distribution of BV/TV throughout the joint in the metaphysis of immature specimens.ResultsThe results demonstrate that variability in adult trabecular structure cannot be explained by sex or body size. During ontogeny, there is a general increase in trabecular BV/TV and Tb.Th with age, and ratios of trabecular parameters between the fore‐ and hindlimb may be consistent with locomotor transitions during ontogeny.DiscussionVariation in trabecular morphology among adult individuals is not related to sex or body size, and the factors contributing to intraspecific variability, such as overall activity levels and genetic differences, require further investigation. Trabecular ontogeny in chimpanzees differs from humans in some respects, most notably the absence of a high BV/TV at birth.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Seeds of Various Halophytic Grasses
Authors: Toqeer Sadaf , Qasim Muhammad , Abideen Zainul , Gul Bilquees , Rasheed Munawwer , Khan Muhammad A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIncreasing population has resulted in overexploitation of conventional seeds. The limited supply of water and salinization of agricultural lands are threats to crop production. This creates food insecurity and results in ever‐increasing prices of crops and edible oils. Halophytes that produce high‐quality seeds can serve as sources of oil and edible products. We analyzed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of seeds from 5 halophytic grasses, i.e., Aeluropus lagopoides, Eragrostis ciliaris, Eragrostis pilosa, Panicum antidotale, and Sporobolus ioclados. These seeds contained crude protein (10–29%), carbohydrates (32–55%), crude fiber (4–21%), minerals (3.8–9.2%), and oil (4–11%), indicating their nutritional potential. Oils of these seeds had suitable fatty‐acid composition with 62–82% unsaturation and only 17–24% saturation. Out of this, 91–94% of the total oil constituted by linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids. High contents of total phenols (2.8–4.2 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE] g−1), flavonoids (0.5–1.3 mg Quercetin equivalent [QE] g−1), and tannins (0.3–1.3 mg catechin equivalent [CE] g−1) supported their high antioxidant activity (1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) activity in terms of half maximal inhibitory concentration‐IC50 1.1–5.86 mg mL−1; 2,2′‐azino‐bis3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS) 18.8–72.8 mmol Trolox g−1; ferric‐reducing antioxidant power 2.0–4.4 mmol Fe+2 g−1). The reverse phase‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography analysis identified the presence of bioactive phenolic antioxidants (mainly gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, kaempferol, and quercetin). Due to these characteristic composition and salt tolerability, these plants can serve as potential sources of industrial raw materials for food, edible oil, phytochemicals, and oliochemicals.
Scopolamine Use in the Perioperative Patient: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kassel Lynn , Nelson Megan , Shine Jaclyn , Jones Laura R. , Kassel Cale 
Published: August 2018

AbstractScopolamine is an antiemetic agent used for postoperative nausea and vomiting prevention; however, it has anticholinergic effects (eg, bradycardia, dry mouth, dizziness, visual disturbances). Avoiding scopolamine use in specific populations is crucial to prevent adverse effects and harm to patients. This systematic review describes the anticholinergic effects of scopolamine in perioperative patient populations. After searching the available literature, we reviewed the eligible articles to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria (eg, full text, English language, included a discussion of scopolamine's anticholinergic effects in perioperative patients). Twenty‐six articles were included in this review. We used The Johns Hopkins Research Evidence Appraisal Tool to appraise the literature. The results of this literature review reveal that clinicians should avoid administering scopolamine to certain perioperative patient populations (ie, pediatric, older adult).
Preparation and characterization of water‐absorbing polyurethane foam composites with microsized sodium polyacrylate particles
Authors: Ma Jie , Wang Tingwei 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThis article introduces the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam (PUF) and studies the effect of various mass percentages of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS, microsized) on PUF hydrophilicity. The characterization of PUF (with 0–5.5 wt % PAAS) was conducted via scanning electron microscopy, contact angle analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and pore size distribution. All modified foams showed an improvement in their water sorption and water maintenance capacities, and the PU foam content of 5.5 wt % PAAS showed a water absorption of 891%, and the water retention performance was 408% (96 h) compared to the pure PU foam. Through contact angle measurements, the relationship between the hydrophilicity of the modified foams and PAAS content was investigated. The compression strength of the samples was also tested. When the PAAS is 2.6 wt %, the compression strength of the composites decreased about 50% compared with the pure PU foam. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46702.
Cationic Chiral Pd‐Catalyzed “Acetylenic” Diels–Alder Reaction: Computational Analysis of Reversal in Enantioselectivity
Authors: Honda Kazuya , Ohkura Shun , Hayashi Yoshihiro , Kawauchi Susumu , Mikami Koichi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe highly enantioselective Diels–Alder reaction of acetylenic dienophiles is shown to be effectively catalyzed by cationic chiral palladium complexes. Not only the degree but also the sense of enantioselectivity critically depends on the steric demand of ligands. Computational analyses indicate that the steric demand does not affect the endo/exo‐selectivity but the enantioface selectivity of dienes.
Entwicklung eines neuartigen leichten Deckenträgers aus Carbonbeton
Authors: Senckpiel‐Peters Tilo , Häußler‐Combe Ulrich , Metschies Heike , Eisewicht Peter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCarbonbeton ermöglicht dünne Querschnitte und leichte, hochfeste Tragwerke. Dies wird im vorliegenden Beitrag am Beispiel eines leichten, vorgefertigten Deckenträgers demonstriert, der einfach montierbar z. B. als Ersatz von sanierungsbedürftigen Trägern in Bestandsbauten einsetzbar wäre. Hierbei kommt ein neuartiges zementgebundenes Verbundmaterial, bestehend aus Schichten von betongetränkten Nadelvliesstoffen sowie carbonbewehrtem Feinbeton, zur Anwendung, mit feiner Rissbildung und hoher Duktilität. Der Träger ist als dünne zylindrische Schale mit seitlichen Stegen konzipiert. Neben Material, Entwurf und Herstellung beschreibt der Beitrag experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen zum Spannungs‐Dehnungsverhalten des Verbundmaterials sowie zum Tragverhalten des Deckenträgers. Bei geringem Gewicht wird eine sehr hohe Tragfähigkeit nachgewiesen, welche die Gebrauchslasten um ein Vielfaches überschreitet. Entwurf sowie experimentelle und rechnerische Analysen sind exemplarisch und sollten ein größeres Anwendungsspektrum ermöglichen.
Effect of HUK on the outcome of ruptured intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Chen Luyue , Lyu Yi , Lin Xiaoning , Sun Minghui , Feng Wei , Tian Xinhua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of Human Urinary Kallidinogenase (HUK) on the outcome of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysm.MethodsThis was a prospective, open‐label study. At the Department of Neurosurgery in our hospital, 127 patients were treated and operated due to ruptured intracranial aneurysm in the period 2015–2016. After surgery, all the patients received basic treatment and 70 patients received additional HUK treatment (HUK group) according to their willing. In detail, 0.15 PNA unit of HUK injection plus 100 ml saline in intravenous infusion was performed, with once a day for 14 consecutive days. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores and favorable mRS rates (mRS 0–1) were analyzed 3‐month after the treatment.ResultsNo difference was shown in the basic characteristics between the two groups (p > 0.05). Favorable mRS rate in the HUK group (71.43%) was significantly higher than that in control group (50.88%, p < 0.05). In addition, 3‐month death rate was significantly lower in the HUK group. Delayed ischemic stroke rate was similar between the two groups.ConclusionHUK can reduce morbidity and mortality of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysm after surgery.
Psychiatric profile of motor subtypes of de novo drug‐naïve Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Assogna Francesca , Pellicano Clelia , Cravello Luca , Savini Cinzia , Pierantozzi Mariangela , Mercuri Bruno , Caltagirone Carlo , Pontieri Francesco E. , Spalletta Gianfranco , Stefani Alessandro 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder. It is well established that different motor subtypes of PD evolve with different clinical courses and prognoses. The complete psychiatric profile underlying these different phenotypes since the very early stage of the disease is debated.Aims of the studyWe aimed at investigating the psychiatric profile of the three motor subtypes of PD (akinetic‐rigid, tremor‐dominant, and mixed) in de novo drug‐naïve patients with PD.MethodsSixty‐eight patients with PD, divided into 39 akinetic‐rigid (AR), seven mixed (MIX), and 22 tremor‐dominant (TD) patients underwent a complete assessment of psychiatric, cognitive, and motor symptoms.ResultsNo significant differences were found among groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a differentiation of the psychiatric symptoms associated with specific motor subtypes of PD is not detectable in de novo drug‐naïve patients. Previous evidence that emerges later along the disease progression may be a consequence of the dopaminergic and nondopaminergic damage increase.
Identification of a high‐risk subtype of intestinal‐type Japanese gastric cancer by quantitative measurement of the luminal tumor proportion
Authors: Aoyama Toru , Hutchins Gordon , Arai Tomio , Sakamaki Kentaro , Miyagi Yohei , Tsuburaya Akira , Ogata Takashi , Oshima Takashi , Earle Sophie , Yoshikawa Takaki , Grabsch Heike I. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe hypothesized that the relative proportion of tumor (PoT) at the luminal surface can predict gastric cancer (GC) patient survival.MethodsWe measured the luminal PoT in resection specimens from 231 GC patients with stage II/III disease who had surgery at the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan. Tissue microarrays were used to assess the extent of immune cell infiltration by CD45 immunohistochemistry. Results were related to histopathological features and patient overall survival (OS).ResultsPoT was significantly lower in diffuse‐type (30%) compared to intestinal‐type GC (41%), P = 0.03. Patients with low PoT intestinal‐type GC survived significantly longer than patients with high PoT intestinal‐type GC (5 years OS: 78% vs 47%, P = 0.0112). Low PoT was an independent favorable prognostic factor in multivariate analysis in intestinal‐type GC. Low PoT was correlated with high content of CD45‐positive immune cells (P = 0.035). There was no relationship between PoT and survival in diffuse‐type GC.ConclusionsThis is the first study to identify a subgroup of patients with stage II/III intestinal‐type GC at high risk of recurrence by measuring PoT at the luminal surface. The relationship between PoT and immune cell content provides an initial insight into potential underlying biological mechanisms.
Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) Using Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Alone: A Modified Approach With a 3‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Dukka Himabindu , Gossweiler Michael , Kishimoto Takaaki , Blanchard Steven 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionOrthodontists are reportedly seeing more adult patients in their practices. Hence, it becomes increasingly important to evaluate the periodontium for any existing problems or potential issues that could be caused by orthodontic treatment. Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) is a method of surgically assisted tooth movement achieved through a combination of corticotomy and bone grafting allowing rapid tooth movement and decreased treatment time. Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is shown to have osteoinductive effects along with enhanced soft and hard tissue healing outcomes. The aim of this case report is to describe a variation of the PAOO technique using PRF membranes alone and provide a proof of concept for the effect of PRF on soft and hard tissue healing outcomes when used with PAOO.Case PresentationA 43‐year‐old female expressed displeasure over her malaligned lower anterior teeth and difficulty performing oral hygiene in that area. Clinical examination showed inadequate keratinized tissue, and cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images revealed extensive loss of buccal bone. Ultrasonic buccal corticotomies were made using a piezoelectric device from the alveolar crest extending past the tooth apices in the lower anterior region. Five PRF membranes were placed over the teeth and secured with sutures.ConclusionsThree‐year follow‐up showed exceptional improvement in soft tissue appearance and keratinized tissue width. CBCT images revealed no further loss of buccal bone. This is the first case to demonstrate that PAOO using PRF can be a viable option for orthodontic movement of periodontally compromised teeth.
Five New Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Euphorbia lathyris
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhen Yong‐Qi , Gao Feng , Huang Shuai , Zhou Xian‐Li 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA new premyrsinane‐type diterpenoid, premylanin (1), and four new lathyrane‐type diterpenoids named Euphorbia Factors L30–L33 (2–5) were isolated from the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris, together with thirteen known ones (6–18). Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses, including IR, UV, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1–4 and 6–18 against HCT116, MCF‐7, 786–0, HepG2 cell lines were evaluated, and compound 13 exhibited considerable cytotoxic activities with an IC50 values of 6.44, 8.43, 15.3, 9.32 μm, respectively.
Paraneoplastic frosted branch angiitis as first sign of relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Alhaj Moustafa Muhamad , Crowell Eric L. , Elmahdy Sherif , Malkovska Vera , Reddy Ashvini K. 
Published: August 2018

Key Clinical MessageFrosted branch angiitis (FBA) is a rare form of retinal vasculitis with typical perivascular edema taking the shape of frost on a tree branch. It was reported only twice as the initial presentation of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Here, we present the first case of paraneoplastic FBA as the initial sign of HL relapse in an elderly female.
Asymptomatic abdominal aortic stenosis detected by unenhanced computed tomography before angiography in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Suga Toshihiro , Hatori Takashi , Suga Yuko , Yoshida Mikoto , Oyama Keita 
Published: August 2018

Key Clinical MessageAlthough rapid treatment is important, unenhanced computed tomography before angiography is quick and can detect myocardial infarction induced by aortic dissection and also asymptomatic abdominal aortic stenosis in acute myocardial infarction cases.
Alumina as Solid‐State Ligand in Enhancing the Redox Catalytic Property of Iron Oxide Grafted AlSBA‐15 towards Arylation of Arene
Authors: Rajendran Chandran , Thirumoorthy Kulandaivellu , Satishkumar Govindaswamy , Landau Miron V. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract2–8 wt % iron has been grafted over SBA‐15 and 10 wt % alumina grafted SBA‐15 (AlSBA‐15) through selective extraction deposition technique using LaFeO3 as iron precursor in acidic solution. DRS‐UV spectra confirmed the presence of iron as isolated Fe(III), Fe(III)‐clusters and amorphous FeOx oligomers. SEM‐EDX mapping, FT‐IR, XPS, HR‐TEM and 27Al MAS NMR characterisation results confirmed that iron grafted over AlSBA‐15 preferentially reside on the alumina. The donor‐acceptor interaction of grafted iron ions with alumina atoms displaying Lewis acid properties stabilized iron at higher oxidation state Fe(III+δ). This increased the BE of Fe2p electrons (XPS) and shifted the temperature of iron reduction in 2–8 wt %Fe/AlSBA‐15 materials to higher value (600 °C) compared with Fe/SBA‐15 (H2‐TPR). In arylation of benzene, 8 wt %Fe/AlSBA‐15 demonstrated excellent redox catalytic activity with TOF close to homogeneous catalyst and 82 % biphenyl yield. The catalyst demonstrated consistent catalytic performance for 7 cycles.
Extending Designed Linear Biocatalytic Cascades for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Gandomkar Somayyeh , Żądło‐Dobrowolska Anna , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractArtificial cascade reactions involving biocatalysts have demonstrated a tremendous potential during the recent years. This review just focuses on selected examples of the last year and putting them into context to a previously published suggestion for classification. Subdividing the cascades according to the number of catalysts in the linear sequence, and classifying whether the steps are performed simultaneous or in a sequential fashion as well as whether the reaction sequence is performed in vitro or in vivo allows to organise the concepts. The last year showed, that combinations of in vivo as well as in vitro are possible. Incompatible reaction steps may be run in a sequential fashion or by compartmentalisation of the incompatible steps either by using special reactors (membrane), polymersomes or flow techniques.
A Cptt‐Based Trioxo‐Rhenium Catalyst for the Deoxydehydration of Diols and Polyols
Authors: Li Jing , Lutz Martin , Otte Matthias , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTrioxo‐rhenium complexes are well known catalysts for the deoxydehydration (DODH) of vicinal diols (glycols). In this work, we report on the DODH of diols and biomass‐derived polyols using CpttReO3 as a new catalyst (Cptt=1,3‐di‐tert‐butylcyclopentadienyl). The DODH reaction was optimized using 2 mol % of CpttReO3 and 3‐octanol as both reductant and solvent. The CpttReO3 catalyst exhibits an excellent activity for biomass‐derived polyols. Specifically, glycerol is almost quantitatively converted to allyl alcohol and mucic acid gives 75 % of muconates at 91 % conversion. In addition, the loading of CpttReO3 can be reduced to 0.1 mol % to achieve a turn‐over number as high as 900 per Re when using glycerol as substrate. Examination of DODH reaction profiles by NMR spectroscopy indicates that catalysis is related to Cp‐ligand release, which raises questions on the nature of the actual catalyst.
Calix[8]arene as New Platform for Cobalt‐Salen Complexes Immobilization and Use in Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution of Epoxides
Authors: Abdellah Ibrahim , Martini Cyril , Dos Santos Amandine , Dragoe Diana , Guérineau Vincent , Huc Vincent , Schulz Emmanuelle 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEight cobalt‐salen complexes have been covalently attached to a calix[8]arene platform through a flexible linker by a procedure employing Click chemistry. The corresponding well‐defined catalyst proved its efficiency in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of various epoxides through an operative bimetallic cooperative activation, demonstrating highly enhanced activity when compared to its monomeric analogue. As an insoluble complex, this multisite cobalt‐salen catalyst could be easily recovered and reused in successive catalytic runs. Products were isolated by a simple filtration with virtually no cobalt traces and without requiring a prior purification by flash chromatography.
An Unusual Two‐Step Hydrolysis of Nerve Agents by a Nanozyme
Authors: Khulbe Kritika , Roy Punarbasu , Radhakrishnan Anusree , Mugesh Govindasamy 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOrganophosphate‐based nerve agents irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme, leading to respiratory failure, paralysis and death. Several organophosphorus hydrolases are capable of degrading nerve agents including pesticides and insecticides. Development of stable artificial enzymes capable of hydrolysing nerve agents is important for the degradation of environmentally toxic organophosphates. Herein, we describe a Zr‐incorporated CeO2 nanocatalyst that can be used for an efficient capture and hydrolysis of nerve agents such as methyl paraoxon to less toxic monoesters. This unusual sequential degradation pathway involves a covalently linked nanocatalyst‐phosphodiester intermediate.