bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compact size and wideband 4 × 4 MIMO antenna for 5G NR networks
Authors: Yousef Basma M , Ameen Allam M , Ali Wael A E , Ibrahim Ahmed A , M A Abdelhady , Ahmed Ashraf E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a crescent-shaped four-port MIMO is proposed to deploy in 5 G wireless network coverage with the advantages of wide bandwidth. The MIMO antenna is printed on an RO4003 substrate (ε
r = 3.55) with a thickness of 0.203 mm and a rectangular slot in the ground plane to obtain the desired performance. The antenna is duplicated two times in an orthogonal arrangement to achieve 4 ports MIMO antenna for capacity improvement purposes. The antenna satisfies an impedance bandwidth of 20 GHz (20.5–40.5 GHz) with an isolation of ≥22 dB. Furthermore, the suggested 4-port MIMO antenna is fabricated and tested to validate the simulated outcomes, and good consistency between results is achieved in terms of scattering parameters, radiation patterns, gain, and diversity parameters. The presented 4-port MIMO antenna is considered a good candidate for future 5 G NR networks due to its competitive advantages.
Electronic structure, elasticity, magnetism of Mn2X In (X = Fe, Co) full Heusler compounds under biaxial strain: First-principles calculations
Authors: Gao 皋 Shiran 世苒 , Zhao 赵 Chengyang 成洋 , Zhang 张 Xinzhuo 欣卓 , Qiao 乔 Wen 文 , Yan 颜 Shiming 士明 , Bai 白 Ru 茹 , Zhou 周 Tiejun 铁军 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The electronic structure, elasticity, and magnetic properties of the Mn2
X In (X = Fe, Co) full-Heusler compounds are comprehensively investigated via first-principles calculations. The calculated elastic constants indicate that both Mn2FeIn and Mn2CoIn possess ductility. At the optimal lattice constants, the magnetic moments are found to be 1.40 μ
B/f.u. for Mn2FeIn and 1.69 μ
B/f.u. for Mn2CoIn. Under the biaxial strain ranging from −2% to 5%, Mn2FeIn demonstrates a remarkable variation in the spin polarization, spanning from −2% to 74%, positioning it as a promising candidate for applications in spintronic devices. Analysis of the electronic structure reveals that the change in spin polarization under strain is due to the shift of the spin-down states at the Fermi surface. Additionally, under biaxial strain, the magnetic anisotropy of Mn2FeIn undergoes a transition of easy-axis direction. Utilizing second-order perturbation theory and electronic structure analysis, the variation in magnetic anisotropy with strain can be attributed to changes of d-orbital states near the Fermi surface.
Darboux transformation, positon solution, and breather solution of the third-order flow Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation
Authors: Liu 刘 Shuzhi 树芝 , Li 李 Ning-Yi 宁逸 , Dong 董 Xiaona 晓娜 , Li 李 Maohua 茂华 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The third-order flow Gerdjikov–Ivanov (TOFGI) equation is studied, and the Darboux transformation (DT) is used to obtain the determinant expression of the solution of this equation. On this basis, the soliton solution, rational solution, positon solution, and breather solution of the TOFGI equation are obtained by taking zero seed solution and non-zero seed solution. The exact solutions and dynamic properties of the Gerdjikov–Ivanov (GI) equation and the TOFGI equation are compared in detail under the same conditions, and it is found that there are some differences in the velocities and trajectories of the solutions of the two equations.
On load dependence of detachment rate of kinesin motor
Authors: Shi 史 Xiao-Xuan 晓璇 , Wang 王 Yao 瑶 , Liu 刘 Yu-Ru 玉如 , Xie 谢 Ping 平 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Kinesin is an archetypal microtubule-based molecular motor that can generate force to transport cargo in cells. The load dependence of the detachment rate is an important factor of the kinesin motor, the determination of which is critically related to the chemomechanical coupling mechanism of the motor. Here, we use three models for the load dependence of the detachment rate of the kinesin motor to study theoretically and numerically the maximal force generated and microtubule-attachment duration of the motor. By comparing the theoretical and numerical results with the available experimental data, we show that only one model can explain well the available experimental data, indicating that only this model can be applicable to the kinesin motor.
Chiral phonons of honeycomb-type bilayer Wigner crystals
Authors: Yang 杨 Dingrui 丁睿 , Li 李 Lingyi 令仪 , Zhang 张 Na 娜 , Yu 俞 Hongyi 弘毅 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We theoretically investigated the chiral phonons of honeycomb-type bilayer Wigner crystals recently discovered in van der Waals structures of layered transition metal dichalcogenides. These chiral phonons can emerge under the inversion symmetry breaking introduced by an effective mass imbalance between the two layers or a Moiré potential in one layer, as well as under the time-reversal symmetry breaking realized by applying a magnetic field. Considering the wide tunability of layered materials, the frequencies and chirality of phonons can both be tuned by varying the system parameters. These findings suggest that bilayer honeycomb-type Wigner crystals can serve as an exciting new platform for studying chiral phonons.
Spectroscopy of excited quarkonium states in the light-front quark model*
Authors: Acharyya Ritwik , Puhan Satyajit , Dahiya Harleen , Kumar Narinder 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigated the ground state (1S), radially excited states (2S) and (3S), and orbitally excited state (1P) for the heavy charmonia (

) and bottomonia (

) mesons in the light-front quark model (LFQM). The light-front wave functions have been successful in explaining various physical properties of meson states in the past, especially for the 1S and 2S states. However, the radially excited state 3S and orbitally excited state 1P have rarely been investigated. In this study, we considered these two excited states and investigated the electromagnetic form factors (EMFFs), charge radii, decay constants, parton distribution functions (PDFs), and the distribution amplitudes (DAs) for the quarkonia system. For the sake of completeness, we also studied the ground and the first excited states of quarkonia mesons. We also illustrated the 3D wave functions for the radially excited states to study their nodal structures.
Time-dependent full-radius integrated modeling of the DTT tokamak main plasma scenarios
Authors: Bonanomi N. , Luda T. , Mantica P. , Auriemma F. , Balbinot L. , Castaldo A. , Innocente P. , Rubino G. , Ambrosino R. , Angioni C. , Casiraghi I. , Fajardo D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We use an integrated modeling workflow with the transport code ASTRA coupled with the quasi-linear transport model TGLF-SAT2, the neoclassical model NCLASS, the FACIT model for the neoclassical impurity transport and the IMEP routines for the pedestal calculations, in order to predict the evolution of the plasma profiles for the Divertor Tokamak Test facility (DTT) tokamak main scenarios. The simulations cover the whole confined plasma radius, up to the separatrix, and the time evolution of the plasma including the early phase in limiter configuration, the whole current ramp-up phase in L-mode divertor configuration, the L–H transition and part of the stationary H-mode phase. Six fields are predicted, i.e. the ion and electron temperatures, the electron density, two impurity densities and the plasma current. The simulations indicate that the main DTT scenarios are within the technical capabilities of the machine. They also indicate that the DTT full power, full current, full field scenario will be able to operate in H-mode with a duration of the flat-top phase of the order of ∼ 30 s, and plasma parameters allowing a core-edge integrated study of the power exhaust, which is the main mission of the device. The simulations show also a strong flexibility of the DTT plasmas, that allows DTT to study reactor-relevant conditions unexplored by existing tokamaks.
Definition of a Baseline Rotor Design for a 25MW Floating Offshore Wind Turbine
Authors: Escalera Mendoza Alejandra S. , Todd Griffith D. , dos Santos Carlos R. , Abdelmoteleb Serag-Eldin , Bachynski-Polić Erin E. , Oggiano Luca 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wind turbine sizes have grown rapidly in recent years with machine ratings of 15-16 MW available from multiple manufacturers for offshore wind turbines. While the industry advances large-scale turbine designs, offshore developers have initially focused on siting in shallow waters on bottom-fixed foundations; however, eyes are also on deep-water locations where floating systems are required. The present study presents the definition for an initial baseline rotor design at 25 MW scale, designed for a floating offshore system. The purpose of this paper is to document this 25 MW blade definition for use as a reference design for future floating wind technology development by industrial and academic researchers and developers. As this is an initial reference design, some opportunities (and plans) for further mass or cost reduction are also noted. In summary, the paper documents the initial baseline rotor design including aerodynamic and structural design of the rotor blades, along with key details about the control system and floating system designs for the floating 25 MW wind turbine system.
Analysing a grid-forming storage hub for an offshore platform cluster supplied by wind energy
Authors: Santos Mota Daniel dos , Haugdal Hallvar , Chabaud Valentin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper performs an analysis of the electrification of an of-the-grid offshore oil and gas cluster of six platforms by means of a wind farm combined with a hydrogen energy hub. The latter, whose model is made publicly available, contains a grid-forming battery system and grid-following electrolysis and fuel cells units. State-of-the-art aerodynamic simulations are used for representing the wind farm power output, which encompasses wake losses and correlated wind fuctuations between turbines arising from farm-scale turbulence. One of the offshore platforms is represented by a detailed publicly available model named LEOGO. The other five platforms are represented as aggregated mixes of constant power and constant impedance loads. The computer simulations presented in the paper provide valuable insights into furthering the design and optimization of the hub concept. These insights include, among others, sizing of batteries depending on maximum ramp rates of fuel cells and electrolysers, identifying and mitigating instabilities induced by interactions among power electronic converters, and evaluating the consequences for the converters when those contribute with voltage support at the hub.
Flow observations using nacelle lidars: A study on the University of Stavanger campus
Authors: Vogt L , Jakobsen J B , Snæbjörnsson J T , Li L , Obhrai C , Roemer S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study deals with wind measurements on the campus of the University of Stavanger, using two continuous-wave nacelle lidars and a vertical continuous-wave profiler. Wind data is further acquired by 2-D sonic anemometers fixed to the lidars. The emphasis of the analysis is on the data gathered by the nacelle lidars. The horizontal wind speeds reconstructed from the radial velocities are compared to the recordings of the sonic anemometers and analysed in terms of mean wind profiles over the extent of the scanning circle. Standard logarithmic and power laws are fitted to the profiles to estimate site-specific parameters such as wind shear exponent and surface roughness. Turbulence characteristics in the mean wind direction, such as spectra and variances, are estimated and compared to those from the sonic anemometer. The study demonstrates the overall potential of remote sensing for wind monitoring in an urban environment. The wind velocities acquired in the individual measurement points along the nacelle lidars’ scanning circles are found to capture the flow in the monitored regions around the buildings in a realistic way. Together with the information from the vertically pointing wind profiler, the measurement data represents a valuable source for validation of related numerical models for flow in an urban area.
Experimental investigation of the relation between operating conditions and offshore wind turbine drivetrain dynamics
Authors: Kestel K , Peeters C , Vratsinis K , Matthys J J , Sterckx J , Daems P J , Helsen J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of operating and environmental conditions on the vibration induced on an offshore wind turbine drivetrain. Furthermore, it explores the role of the dynamic response of the global wind turbine structure to vibration on the drivetrain. A prolonged experimental campaign dedicated to condition monitoring the drivetrain provides experimental vibration signals. These vibration signals are acquired under varying operating conditions across multiple locations of an offshore wind turbine drivetrain of a Belgian Offshore Wind farm and serve as the basis for analysis. The signals’ statistics facilitate establishing connections between dynamic behaviour and operational variables, such as active power, rotor speed, blade pitch angle, and turbulence intensity, sampled at every second and provided by Fast-SCADA. The initial phase of the analysis involves a comprehensive examination of various statistical properties of the vibration signals to link the drivetrain’s dynamic response to operational conditions. This exploration includes both active and standstill periods of the wind turbine. A comprehensive summary that relates the global vibration characteristics with the operating conditions is formed by scrutinizing the overall vibration signals. In the study’s second phase, a detailed investigation is conducted on the vibration signals recorded during standstill conditions. Investigation of standstill data ensures that the structural modes’ spectral content does not interfere with the machines’ kinematic content. The analysis of standstill data proceeds from determining the most energetic resonance frequencies through the average power spectral density of the vibration signals. These identified frequency bands enable a thorough exploration, revealing the interlink between the offshore wind turbine drivetrain’s dynamic response and the operating/environmental conditions.
Optimal experimental design for identification of hydrodynamic loading models
Authors: Stamenov D , Abbiati G , Sauder T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hydrodynamic model-scale experiments are an intrinsic part of the design of marine structures, as they enable validating and calibrating the involved hydrodynamic numerical models. Such seakeeping experiments are generally conducted using a simple spring-based mooring system, with fixed properties throughout the tests. In the context of cyber-physical testing, the marine structure is kept in position in the laboratory by a virtual mooring system, the properties of which can be adjusted on the fly. This paper provides an algorithmic approach for maximizing the information gain from the test by optimizing the mooring stifness and damping parameters that define the experiment. The method is verified with synthetic data generated for the INO Windmoor 12MW floater, and is shown to be robust to noise and unmodeled effects.
Coordinated control of single-point moored floating multi-wind turbines under fault events and shutdowns
Authors: Eguinoa Irene , Martín-San-Román Raquel , Sandua-Fernández Iñaki , González-Lope Rubén , Azcona-Armendáriz José 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The emergence of novel concepts aimed at the reduction of floating offshore wind energy cost is increasingly demanding new control approaches. This is the case of floating offshore multi-wind turbine assets (FOMWT), with two or more full wind turbines placed on the same floating platform. The strong dynamic interaction among the sub-components of such systems requires appropriate coordination of the commands driven by the individual wind turbine controllers. The impact of such coupling may increase depending on the asset confguration, as is the case of single-point distribution of mooring lines, commonly applied to FOMWTs. Among the most demanding situations are those under fault events and shutdowns, which may cause large uncontrolled platform rotation and put the system integrity at risk. To address this, a new coordinated control level, mastering the individual turbine controllers hierarchically, is proposed to govern the whole asset. The control concept proves to be effective under a reduced set of extreme load cases in accordance with standards for a two-wind turbine FOMWT. The simulations are performed with the multi-wind turbine simulation tool MUST, which accounts not only for the interaction among the two turbines and the platform, but also for the communication of the coordinated control and the individual turbine control levels.
Floating offshore wind – an overview of marine spatial planning and the needs of the industry
Authors: Dvorak O , Bohan G , Incecik A , Ingram D , Ashton I , Konovessis D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The International Energy Agency (IEA) Wind Task 49 aims to accelerate the commercialisation of floating wind. Work package 4 of the task analyses and incorporates the views of key stakeholders to ensure the Task is aligned with industrial needs. Work package 4 is broadly split into innovation management and marine spatial planning (MSP). The innovation management section evaluates the potential social, environmental and economic impact of floating wind innovations by surveying a multidisciplinary group of stakeholders to ask them to compare the potential impact of identified innovations. The survey results will inform a scored ranking of floating wind innovations, and the future research directions for the Task. In the MSP section representatives from partner countries are interviewed to assess their domestic offshore wind sector and discuss the approach the country has taken to MSP, with a focus on floating wind. The other explored parameters include MSP regulations, offshore wind policy and targets, supply chain capabilities, and environmental and fisheries impact assessments. A synthesis of what stakeholders perceive as impactful innovation, and an understanding of the direction of the industry and policy can be built from the two parts. This paper describes the methodology used to create this synthesis and findings from the first year of work are shared.
Research on detection and protection technology of DC residual current
Authors: Yang Ruixiong , Chen Yong , Xu Kai , Gao Shuping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To realize that the residual current device can accurately and quickly detect the fault when the fluctuating DC residual current occurs in the system and improve the system’s safety, a DC residual current detection and protection method based on VMD was proposed. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was used to optimize the penalty factor and the number of decomposition layers of VMD. The minimum envelope entropy of the residual current signal is used as the fitness function to obtain the optimal combination. The criterion of fault occurrence is established based on the optimal modal component mutation characteristic of the residual current decomposed by VMD. Experiments show that this method can identify faults quickly and effectively when pulsating DC residual current is generated in the system.
Human-machine collaborative inspection of transmission corridors based on the BeiDou positioning
Authors: Xu Zhenlei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Inadequate inspection performance of transmission lines leads to damages, posing threats to the safety of power grids. To enhance the efficiency of transmission line inspection and to reduce safety hazards, a method based on the BeiDou positioning for human-machine collaboration in transmission line inspection is proposed. Drones equipped with then BeiDou positioning are utilized to collect transmission line data via the Web Mercator projection, determining the inspection routes. Fault parameters of transmission lines are extracted for manual monitoring, identifying overlay current and voltage frequency fault characteristics. The optimal inspection route is then determined based on these features, achieving human-machine collaboration in transmission line inspection. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method detected 11 fault nodes, with inspection paths closely matching the transmission line structure. It identified six defects in power system transmission lines, with an inspection time of only 2.3 seconds. The area under the ROC curve, encompassing true positive and false positive rates, is approximately 5000, indicating the method’s effectiveness, efficiency, and accuracy in inspection.
Design and research of a monitoring and environmental testing analysis system for substation status
Authors: Pang Huaying , Zhao Xi , Li Chunxiao , Pang Bo , Hang Chenhua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
By testing and analyzing the real substation environment, and analyzing and fitting on-site data, a system that simulates the operating environment of the real substation is designed, and the goal of replicating a typical on-site electricity environment is achieved. Testing and analysis are conducted on the selected substation area, and light and heavy load noise is collected for spectrum analysis and measurement point attenuation analysis. The LMF (Late Multimodal Fusion) algorithm is used and test data are fitted based on the trust region theory. Conducting noise testing and attenuation analysis in the substation area has laid the foundation for research on substation status monitoring and environmental monitoring.
Research on carbon emission measurement techniques for accounting and grid auxiliary services
Authors: Wang Shuai , Wang Li , Peng Bo , Liu Yongping , Ma Weizhen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Comprehensive and accurate carbon measurement in industrial parks is an important prerequisite for grasping the current status of carbon emissions in industrial parks and exploring their carbon reduction potential. In industrial parks, a large amount of indirect or direct carbon emissions will be generated in common processes such as power use, fuel consumption, and industrial processes, and how to realize the real-time and accurate measurement of indirect and direct carbon emissions in industrial parks will become the key foundation for promoting carbon reduction and emission reduction in industrial parks. This paper focuses on the impact of auxiliary services provided by distributed power generation on carbon emissions and the integration of multi-energy carbon emission measurement technology to carry out carbon emission accurate measurement technology research, puts forward an accurate measurement method of indirect electricity carbon emission in industrial parks considering auxiliary services, and forms a carbon emission measurement technology solution in line with the new energy power generation and multiple energy use in industrial parks to provide data support for the low-carbon transformation of electric power in the parks. The study will provide data support for the low-carbon transformation of electric power and energy in the industrial park.