bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Luminous Blue Variable in the Outskirts of the Andromeda Galaxy
Authors: Huang Y. , Zhang H.-W. , Wang C. , Chen B.-Q. , Zhang Y.-W. , Guo J.-C. , Yuan H.-B. , Xiang M.-S. , Tian Z.-J. , Li G.-X. , Liu X.-W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The hot massive luminous blue variables (LBVs) represent an important evolutionary phase of massive stars. Here, we report the discovery of a new LBV—LAMOST J0037+4016 in the distant outskirt of the Andromeda galaxy. It is located in the southwestern corner (a possible faint spiral arm) of M31 with an unexpectedly large projection distance of ∼22 kpc from the center. The optical light curve shows a 1.2 mag variation in V band and its outburst and quiescence phases both last over several years. The observed spectra indicate an A-type supergiant at an epoch close to the outburst phase and a hot B-type supergiant with weak [Fe ii] emission lines at an epoch of much dimmer brightness. The near-infrared color–color diagram further shows that it follows the distribution of Galactic and M31 LBVs rather than B[e] supergiants. All the existing data strongly show that LAMOST J0037+4016 is an LBV. By spectral energy distribution fitting, we find it has a luminosity (4.42 ± 1.64) × 105
L
⊙ and an initial mass ∼30 M
⊙, indicating its nature of a less luminosity class of LBV.
The Intrinsic Temperature and Radiative–Convective Boundary Depth in the Atmospheres of Hot Jupiters
Authors: Thorngren Daniel , Gao Peter , Fortney Jonathan J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In giant planet atmosphere modeling, the intrinsic temperature T
int and radiative–convective boundary (RCB) are important lower boundary conditions. Often in one-dimensional radiative–convective models and in three-dimensional general circulation models it is assumed that T
int is similar to that of Jupiter itself, around 100 K, which yields an RCB around 1 kbar for hot Jupiters. In this work, we show that the inflated radii, and hence high specific entropy interiors (8–11 k

b
/baryon), of hot Jupiters suggest much higher T
int. Assuming the effect is primarily due to current heating (rather than delayed cooling), we derive an equilibrium relation between T
eq and T
int, showing that the latter can take values as high as 700 K. In response, the RCB moves upward in the atmosphere. Using one-dimensional radiative–convective atmosphere models, we find RCBs of only a few bars, rather than the kilobar typically supposed. This much shallower RCB has important implications for the atmospheric structure, vertical and horizontal circulation, interpretation of atmospheric spectra, and the effect of deep cold traps on cloud formation.
The DSHARP Rings: Evidence of Ongoing Planetesimal Formation?
Authors: Stammler Sebastian M. , Dra̧żkowska Joanna , Birnstiel Til , Klahr Hubert , Dullemond Cornelis P. , Andrews Sean M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recent high-resolution interferometric observations of protoplanetary disks at (sub)millimeter wavelengths reveal omnipresent substructures, such as rings, spirals, and asymmetries. A detailed investigation of eight rings detected in five disks by the DSHARP survey came to the conclusion that all rings are just marginally optically thick with optical depths between 0.2 and 0.5 at a wavelength of 1.25 mm. This surprising result could either be coincidental or indicate that the optical depth in all of the rings is regulated by the same process. We investigated if ongoing planetesimal formation could explain the “fine-tuned” optical depths in the DSHARP rings by removing dust and transforming it into “invisible” planetesimals. We performed a one-dimensional simulation of dust evolution in the second dust ring of the protoplanetary disk around HD 163296, including radial transport of gas and dust, dust growth and fragmentation, and planetesimal formation via gravitational collapse of sufficiently dense pebble concentrations. We show that planetesimal formation can naturally explain the observed optical depths if streaming instability regulates the midplane dust-to-gas ratio to unity. Furthermore, our simple monodisperse analytical model supports the hypothesis that planetesimal formation in dust rings should universally limit their optical depth to the observed range.
Energy Budgets for Terrestrial Extrasolar Planets
Authors: Shields Aomawa L. , Bitz Cecilia M. , Palubski Igor 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The pathways through which incoming energy is distributed between the surface and atmosphere have been analyzed for the Earth. However, the effect of the spectral energy distribution of a host star on the energy budget of an orbiting planet may be significant given the wavelength-dependent absorption properties of atmospheric CO2, water vapor, surface ice, and snow. We have quantified the flow of energy on aqua planets orbiting M-, G-, and F-dwarf stars, using a 3D Global Climate Model with a static ocean. The atmosphere and surface of an M-dwarf planet receiving an instellation equal to 88% of the modern solar constant at the top of the atmosphere absorb 12% more incoming stellar radiation than those of a G-dwarf planet receiving 100% of the modern solar constant, and 17% more radiation than an F-dwarf planet receiving 108% of the modern solar constant, resulting in climates similar to that of modern-day Earth on all three planets, assuming a 24 hr rotation period and fixed CO2. At 100% instellation, a synchronously rotating M-dwarf planet exhibits smaller flux absorption in the atmosphere and on the surface of the dayside, and a dayside mean surface temperature that is 37 K colder than its rapidly rotating counterpart. Energy budget diagrams are included to illustrate the variations in global energy budgets as a function of host star spectral class, and can contribute to habitability assessments of planets as they are discovered.
Description of a new Pselaphodes Westwood (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Vietnam
Authors: Bekchiev Rostislav , Yin Zi-Wei , Quang Vu Manh , Tra My Ha , Nguyen Hanh Hoang 
Published: October 2019

A new species of the genus Pselaphodes Westwood, P. fansipanensis Bekchiev &amp; Yin sp. n., is described from northern Vietnam. The unique modification of the antennomeres 9–10 of the male readily separates the new species from all known congeners.
New Pselaphodes species from Vietnam
La compétition mondiale de l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Thibout Charles 
Published: October 2019

Les perspectives ouvertes par l’intelligence artificielle, en particulier sur son versant économique et militaire, ont rejoint les ambitions internationales de certains pays et précipité la naissance d’une nouvelle compétition. L’antagonisme sino-américain se structure désormais autour de ce répertoire de techniques, suivant des stratégies distinctes : un modèle dirigiste, fondé sur un complexe techno-partidaire, côté chinois, face au modèle néolibéral américain, qui institue la primauté et l’autonomie d’action des grandes firmes numériques.
The Impact and Outcomes of Integrating Health Literacy Education Into Adult Basic Education Programs in Boston
Authors: Hohn Marcia Drew , Rivera Lorna 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Adult basic education (ABE) is the national system that offers educational services in English language development, reading, writing, math, technology, and communications to adults with low literacy, limited English, or both. These services range from basic levels to high school equivalency, with specialty programs in transition to community colleges and family literacy.

Objective:
This study sought to analyze the role of ABE in increasing health literacy among low literate and limited English populations and to identify effective models for teaching and learning about health in this setting.

Methods:

During a 2-year period, 90 students from three ABE programs in Boston participated in health literacy classes focused on healthy eating and received prevention screening services through local public health organizations. The majority of students classified themselves as Black, African American, or Latino. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 35 years; 64% of the participants were women. The three research sites were located in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston, where health disparities and poverty rates are disproportionately high. During the study period, researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with teachers (
N
= 12) from each of the participating classrooms to gather information about the students in their health classes. Researchers also conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups (
N
= 9) with students at each site during the study period to examine how they described changes in their knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding health. Researchers also conducted ethnographic field research by observing health classes at each site, which was supplemented by collecting teachers' lesson plans as well as materials produced by learners.

Key Results:
ABE programs are a good setting for adults with limited literacy or limited English to increase their health literacy. The programs, which provide steady learning environments over time with staff skilled in adult learning, allow students to engage with health information in the context of their everyday lives, thereby increasing the likelihood of healthier practices.

Conclusions:

ABE programs play a vital role in developing health literacy among low literacy populations and are part of the solution for addressing health disparities.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2019;3(Suppl.):S25–S32.]

Plain Language Summary:
This article describes the role that adult basic education plays in improving health literacy among low-literate and limited English populations. The impact and outcomes of learning about health were investigated for 90 adults in three programs in Boston where health disparity is high. The impact of different teaching/learning models also was compared.
Gamification and Student Engagement with a Curriculum-based Measurement System
Authors: Yan Yu , Hooper Simon , Pu Shi 
Published: October 2019

<p>In this study, we employed a random control experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of gamification (e.g. scores, goal, progressive bar, etc.) and initial task difficulty on college student engagement in computer-based assessments. A group of Chinese college students (N=97) were randomly assigned to four groups obtained by crossing the two independent variables: gamification (with or without) and initial difficulty level (low or normal). The experiment lasted for 35 minutes, and each student was asked to complete several mini-tests (named maze tests). Student engagement was measured by the average off-task time between two maze tests. The results showed that both gamification and low-difficulty entry level reduced students’ off-task time. However, the gamification effect was only significant for male students but not for female students. The study also demonstrated that the maze test can be a potential method to predict the general English proficiency with Chinese English language learners.<strong></strong></p>
Metallogeny of the Tethyan Orogenic Belt: From Mesozoic Magmatic Arcs to Cenozoic Back-Arc and Postcollisional Settings in Southeast Europe, Anatolia, and the Lesser Caucasus: An Introduction
Authors: Moritz Robert , Baker Timothy 
Published: October 2019

Introduction
The Tethyan mountain ranges stretch from northwestern Africa and western Europe to the southwest Pacific Ocean and constitute the longest continuous orogenic belt on Earth. It is an extremely fertile metallogenic belt, which includes a wide diversity of ore deposit types formed in very different geodynamic settings, which are the source of a wide range of commodities mined for the benefit of society (Janković, 1977, 1997; Richards, 2015, 2016).
There are other ore deposit types in this segment of the Tethyan metallogenic belt that are not covered in this special issue, such as bauxite and Ni laterite deposits (Herrington et al., 2016), ophiolite-related chromite deposits (Çiftçi et al., 2019), sedimentary exhalative and Mississippi Valley-type deposits (Palinkaš et al., 2008; Hanilçi et al., 2019), or deposits related to surficial brine processes (Helvacı, 2019).
Produção e comercialização do maracujá-azedo em Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil: desafios, fragilidades e oportunidades
Authors: Borges Janaína Domingos , Tonon Danielle Storck , Silva Dionei José 
Published: October 2019

O Brasil, é o maior produtor e, também, o maior consumidor mundial de maracujá. Com esta demanda e oferta da fruta a agricultura familiar tem na cadeia produtiva do maracujá-azedo um grande potencial para gerar renda e segurança social. A cultura do maracujá no Brasil é favorecida pelo clima tropical e subtropical com luminosidade, volumes hídricos ideais, condições climáticas e variedades mais resistentes. Estas condições proporcionam maior longevidade às plantas, que produzem em média três safras ao ano por até três anos consecutivos. O cultivo desta fruta representa uma alternativa viável de atividade para agricultura familiar, por gerar receita mais rápida devido aos períodos maiores de safra, com comercialização e capitalização a curto prazo. Porém, o processo comercial é um desafio para este segmento, já que o agricultor precisa ter habilidades e tempo para desenvolver atividades que vão além do trato da cultura. Eles precisam realizar trabalhos que abrangem administração de custos, captação de recursos, viabilização de insumos, embalagem, armazenamento do produto e o escoamento junto ao comércio, representado por intermediários, mercados varejistas, clientes finais, associações e cooperativas. Diante do exposto, investigamos a produção e comercialização do maracujá-azedo no município de Tangará da Serra/MT, envolvendo 20 produtores locais e 38 comércios varejistas. Abordamos a relação do produtor com seu plantio tendo a polinização como fator produtivo da frutífera, observando as principais fragilidades e oportunidades, considerando que esta cultura já ocupou importante espaço junto à agricultura familiar local.
Biofumigação de substratos com espécies amazônicas para produção de mudas de cafeeiro livres do nematoide-das-galhas
Authors: Anjos Elize Francisca Mendes dos , Vieira Júnior José Roberto , Fernandes Cléberson de Freitas , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Santos Cássya Fonseca , Ramos Naiara Pires , Souza Mariana Leão , Rudnick Vaneide Araujo de Souza , Silva Charly Martins da , Mariobo Solange Aparecida Rodrigues , Silva Gleiciele Ribeiro da 
Published: October 2019

Na agricultura atual, a busca por estratégias de manejo integrado de doenças deve ser uma busca constante, visando a máxima eficiência produtiva, o menor custos de produção e redução de possíveis impactos ambientais e humanos. Nesse sentido, tem-se buscado por métodos alternativos, que sejam diferentes do controle químico com nematicidas a fim de atender aos princípios que norteiam o manejo integrado. Objetivou-se avaliar a incorporação de folhas de Copaifera sp. e Vismia guianensis, para se determinar seu potencial biofumigante-nematicida contra o nematoides-das-galhas do cafeeiro (Meloidogyne incognita). Os materiais foram divididas em material vegetal seco (60º C por 72 horas) e fresco. Esta incorporação foi feita proporção de 62,5 gramas de material vegetal por litro de solo, aos 15 dias e um dia antes do plantio das mudas de cafeeiro. Foram utilizados como testemunha o nematicida Carbofuran (20 mL/litro), e tratamentos sem material vegetal, com e sem inoculação, com seis repetições. Após a ANOVA e teste de média de Scott Knott a 5%, observou-se que, para o número de galhas por grama de raízes destacou o tratamento Copaifera sp. seca e incorporada 15 dias antes em comparação ao nematicida, e para fator de reprodução e número de ovos/grama de raízes se destacou o Vismia guianensis 15 seca e incorporada 15 dias antes em comparação ao carbofuran. Entretanto, observa-se que em todos os casos avaliados com o uso de material incorporado seco ou fresco, houve algum efeito deletério sobre o crescimento das mudas, tanto no sistema radicular quanto na parte aérea das plantas, quando comparados à testemunha não tratada, embora somente no caso de Vismia houve diferença significativa quando comparadas ao controle. Os resultados apresentados demonstram que é possível inibir o patógeno pela incorporação de folhas secas e trituradas de Vismia guianensis no substrato para mudas de cafeeiro, preferencialmente 15 dias antes do plantio.
Effect of Crop Residues Management on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity of Rice-wheat System in Inceptisols of Seemanchal Region of Bihar
Authors: Singh Rama Kant , Sharma Girijesh Kumar , Kumar Pankaj , Singh S. K. , Singh Reeta 
Published: October 2019

A field experiment was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Katihar, Bihar in jurisdiction of Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur during 2014 to 2018 with the objective to find out suitable crop residue management option under rice- wheat cropping system in Inceptisols of Seemanchal area of Bihar. The results after four years clearly indicates that the crop residue management practices involving incorporation of residues improved favorably and significantly the soil properties such as bulk density, infiltration rate, mean weight diameter, aggregate stability, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, bacterial and fungal population, enzyme dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity in the soil and increased the grain yields of rice and wheat crop in the system over removal or burning of crop residue practices. Due to increased availability of readily decomposable organic matter in the form of crop residue and freshly incorporated green manure, the microbial population increased dramatically when crop residues are incorporated in the soil which might be responsible for increased enzyme phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity, decrease in bulk density, increase in granulation and aggregation and thus infiltration rate. The incorporation of crop residues with or without green manuring found promising for the environmental friendly and effective utilization of the crop residues under prevailing rice wheat system in this area.
Too Big Too Fast? Potential Implications of the Rapid Increase in Emergency Medicine Residency Positions
Authors: Haas Mary R. C. , Hopson Laura R. , Zink Brian J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEmergency medicine (EM) has expanded rapidly since its inception in 1979. Workforce projections from current data demonstrate a rapid rise in the number of accredited EM residency programs and trainee positions. Based on these trends, the specialty may soon reach a point of saturation, particularly in urban areas. This could negatively impact future trainees entering the job market as well as the career plans of medical students. More time and resources should be devoted to obtaining accurate projections, assessing the distribution of emergency physicians in rural versus urban settings, and implementing central workforce planning to protect the future of graduating trainees.
RETRACTED: Soyasapogenol B Attenuates Laryngeal Carcinoma Progression through Inducing Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death
Authors: Zhi Lili , Song Daoliang , Ma Liji , Feng Tao 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSoyasapogenol B (Soy B), a constituent of soybean, has been shown to exhibit antitumor activities against different types of cancers. However, to our knowledge, no studies so far have investigated the effect of Soy B in human laryngeal carcinoma. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the effect of Soy B in human laryngeal carcinoma cell lines HeP‐2 and TU212 and to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms by which Soy B can induce its antitumor effects. The results showed that Soy B effectively attenuated the cell growth by causing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. Moreover, the percentage of apoptotic and autophagic cells dramatically increased upon exposure to Soy B. Western blotting results confirmed that Soy B can alter the expression levels of established markers of apoptosis and autophagy. Interestingly, both apoptosis inhibitor (ZVAD‐fmk) and autophagy inhibitor (3‐MA) could partially reverse the effect of Soy B, while blocking autophagy did not cause obvious alteration in the percentage of apoptotic cells. Similarly, in vivo studies validated that Soy B could effectively reduce the size of the tumor and induce apoptosis and autophagy in tumor tissues. Collectively, these results suggested that Soy B can exert anticancer activities against laryngeal carcinoma through inducing apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Our study highlighted the potential role of Soy B as a chemotherapeutic agent for laryngeal carcinoma. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy Anat Rec, 303:1851–1858, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Effects of curcumin on mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Bagheri Hossein , Ghasemi Faezeh , Barreto George E. , Rafiee Rouhullah , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs) result from progressive deterioration of selectively susceptible neuron populations in different central nervous system (CNS) regions. NDs are classified in accordance with the primary clinical manifestations (e.g., parkinsonism, dementia, or motor neuron disease), the anatomic basis of neurodegeneration (e.g., frontotemporal degenerations, extrapyramidal disorders, or spinocerebellar degenerations), and fundamental molecular abnormalities (e.g., mutations, mitochondrial dysfunction, and its related molecular alterations). NDs include the Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, among others. There is a growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and its related mutations in the form of oxidative/nitrosative stress and neurotoxic compounds play major roles in the pathogenesis of various NDs. Curcumin, a polyphenol and nontoxic compound, obtained from turmeric, has been shown to have a therapeutic beneficial effect in various disorders especially on the CNS cells. It has been shown that curcumin has considerable neuro‐ and mitochondria‐protective properties against broad‐spectrum neurotoxic compounds and diseases/injury‐associating NDs. In this article, we have reviewed the various effects of curcumin on mitochondrial dysfunction in NDs.
Inulinase production and mathematical modeling from carob extract by using Aspergillus niger
Authors: Ilgın Merve , Germec Mustafa , Turhan Irfan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe main objectives of the study were to produce inulinase from carob extract by Aspergillus niger A42 (ATCC 204447) and to model the inulinase fermentation in the optimum carob extract‐based medium. In the study, carob extract was used as a novel and renewable carbon source in the production of A. niger inulinase. For medium optimization, eight different variables including initial sugar concentration (°Bx), (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4.7H2O, KH2PO4, NH4NO3, yeast extract, peptone, and ZnSO4.7H2O were employed. After fermentations, optimum medium composition contained 1% yeast extract in 5°Bx carob extract. As a result of the fermentation, the maximum inulinase activity, maximum invertase‐type activity, I/S ratio, maximum inulinase‐ and invertase‐type activity rates, maximum sugar consumption rate, and sugar utilization yield were 1507.03 U/ml, 1552.86 U/ml, 0.97, 175.82 and 323.76 U/ml/day, 13.26 g/L/day, and 98.52%, respectively. Regarding mathematical modeling, the actual inulinase production and sugar consumption data were successfully predicted by Baranyi and Cone models based on the model evaluation and validation results and the predicted kinetic values, respectively. Consequently, this was the first report in which carob extract was used in the production of inulinase as a carbon source. Additionally, the best‐selected models can serve as universal equations in modeling the inulinase production and sugar consumption in shake flask fermentation with carob extract medium.