bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variations in miR‐125 family and the survival of non‐small cell lung cancer in Chinese population
Authors: Wu Shuangshuang , Shen Wei , Yang Lu , Zhu Meng , Zhang Mingjiong , Zong Feng , Geng Liguo , Wang Yuzhuo , Huang Tongtong , Pan Yun , Cao Songyu , Dai Juncheng , Ma HongXia , Wu Jianqing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo investigate the associations between the functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the miR‐125 family and the survival of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, we systematically selected six functional SNPs located in three pre‐miRNAs (miR‐125a, miR‐125b‐1, miR‐125b‐2). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to estimate the crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Reporter gene luciferase assay was performed to examine the relationship between the SNPs and transcriptive activity of the miRNAs. The expression of miRNAs in different cells was detected using quantitative real‐time PCR assay. We found that rs2241490 (upstream of miR‐125b‐1, G > A, adjusted HR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.05‐1.48, P = 0.014, in dominant model; adjusted HR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.03‐1.35, P = 0.014, in additive model), rs512932 (upstream of miR‐125b‐1, A > G, dominant model: adjusted HR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.05‐1.48, P = 0.013) and rs8111742 (upstream of miR‐125a, G > A, dominant model: adjusted HR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.71‐1.00, P = 0.047) were associated with the prognosis of 1001 Chinese NSCLC patients. The combined analysis of the three SNPs related the number of risk alleles (rs2241490‐A, rs512932‐G and rs8111742‐G) to death risk of NSCLC in a locus‐dosage mode (P for trend <0.001). Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay showed significantly higher levels of luciferase activity with rs512932 variant G than that with A allele in 293T, SPC‐A1 and A549 cell lines. Besides, miR‐125b was highly expressed in lung cancer cells than the normal lung cell. Our study indicated that genetic variations in miR‐125 family were implicated in the survival of NSCLC patients. Larger population‐based and functional studies are needed to verify these findings.
Structural Characterization and Biological Evaluation of 18‐Nor‐ent‐labdane Diterpenoids from Grazielia gaudichaudeana
Authors: Balbinot Rodolfo B. , de Oliveira Josiane A. M. , Bernardi Darlon I. , Melo Ulisses Z. , Zanqueta Érica B. , Endo Eliana H. , Ribeiro Fabianne M. , Volpato Hélito , Figueiredo Mariana C. , Back Davi F. , Basso Ernani A. , Ruiz Ana L. T. G. , de Carvalho João E. , Foglio Mary Ann , Prado Filho Benedito D. , Nakamura Tania U. , Nakamura Celso V. , do Carmo Marta R. B. , Sarragiotto Maria H. , Baldoqui Debora C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe phytochemical investigation of Grazielia gaudichaudeana aerial parts yielded 15 compounds, including diterpenes, triterpenes, sterols and flavonoids. With exception to ent‐kaurenoic acid diterpenes, the compounds isolated are being described for the first time in this species. Some unusual 1H‐NMR chemical shifts of 18‐nor‐ent‐labdane (7–9) led us carry out a conformational analysis by theoretical calculations in order to support the experimental data. Moreover, due to the limitation of studies focused on pharmacological potential of Grazielia gaudichaudeana, the present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral, antileishmanial and antimicrobial activities from the extract, fractions and isolated compounds obtained from this species. Ethyl acetate fraction showed significant activity in the antiproliferative assay, with GI50 range of 3.9 to 27.2 μg mL−1. Dichloromethane fraction, rich in diterpenoids, inhibited all human tumor cell lines tested, and the nor‐labdane 7 showed potent cytotoxic activity against glioma and ovary cancer cell lines.
Future Securing of the Raw Materials Base
Authors: Bertau Martin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe growth in human population results in an increasing demand for raw materials. Recycling is a way to reduce the primary raw materials demand, but growing dilution of technology metals in consumer products and continuous shortening of life cycles lead to an increasing demand for such primary raw materials. In addition, the quality of secondary raw materials is lower compared to primary mining products. However, in circular resources chemistry, the raw materials are processed independent from their source, i.e., it does not matter if they come from mining, recycling, or renewable resources, and they always have primary product quality.
Management of pregnancy complicated by ankylosing spondylitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Midorikawa Asumi , Wang Liangcheng , Kuwata Tomoyuki , Taniguchi Yoshie , Horiuchi Isao , Matsushita Chikako , Chikazawa Kenro , Takagi Kenjiro 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessagePregnancy complicated by ankylosing spondylitis is rare. Labor assistance and instrumental delivery may be difficult due to hip stiffness. Restriction in lumbar flexion may cause difficulties in administering neuraxial analgesia. Difficult intubation for general anesthesia due to limited neck mobility is another potential risk that must be considered.
Modular Coiled Flow Inverter with Narrow Residence Time Distribution for Process Development and Production
Authors: Schmalenberg Mira , Krieger Waldemar , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe ideal plug flow reactor is a common model with narrow residence time distribution in reaction engineering. This contribution explains a design strategy of a coiled flow inverter (CFI) with narrow residence time and flexible adjustable process conditions. The design space diagram illustrates the design limits of inner diameter and coil diameter on the base of dimensionless numbers. Standard coil tube diameters allow for rational design of a limited number of devices. The reactor performance diagram enables the facile scale‐up and adaption of new process conditions with the CFI with economic boundary conditions.
Hot Charge Carriers in Quantum Dots: Generation, Relaxation, Extraction, and Applications
Authors: Singhal Pallavi , Ghosh Hirendra N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article discusses the hot charge carriers in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs): their generation, relaxation, extraction and applications in different technologically relevant areas. It has been reported that the most common ways to generate hot charge carriers are photo‐excitation by energy more than the band gap energy. However, recently the other means to generate hot charge carriers such as doping, and semiconductor plasmon interaction have also been evolved and their advantages over the conventional method have been discussed. Relaxation dynamics of hot charge carriers and different processes related to this such as multiple exciton generation, Auger recombination, phonon vibrations and ligand assisted charge carrier relaxation are mentioned. It was shown that the relaxation mechanism of hot charge carriers (both hot electron and hot hole) follow different pathways and either of the mechanism is playing a role depending on the QDs structure and the surrounding conditions. Studies pertaining to interaction of QDs with other semiconductors, metal nanoparticles or with different molecular adsorbates suggest that the hot charge carrier extraction is possible in these heterojunctions with extraction time in sub‐ps scale. Application of hot charge carriers in different fields such as photovoltaics, photo‐catalysis, infrared detectors, and H2 detection have been shown and it was observed that the efficiency of the above‐mentioned processes is much higher when the hot charge carriers are involved, suggesting their importance in these areas.
Insight into Catalytic Mechanisms for the Reduction of Nitrophenol via Heterojunctions of Gold Nanoclusters on 2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets
Authors: Liu Bingping , Yan Shihai , Zhang Aitang , Song Zhongqian , Sun Qinxing , Huo Bingbing , Yang Wenrong , Barrow Colin J. , Liu Jingquan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGold nanoclusters were synthesized and homogeneously distributed on boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) to form AuNC@BNNSs nanohybrids. Compared to pure gold nanoclusters, the nanohybrid not only exhibits much better catalytic activity for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), but also prevents gold nanoclusters from aggregation. We found that the catalytic performance of AuNC@BNNSs nanohybrid increased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature of the reaction environment. The catalytic mechanism of the nanohybrid was thoroughly explored by density functional theory (DFT). It was concluded that the catalytic activity should be caused by repeated electron transfer on HOMO between 4‐NP and BNNSs, which was mediated by the surface‐bound gold nanoclusters. Furthermore, it was observed that the actual reducing agent is molecular hydrogen rather than borohydride. The present methodology could be generalized to the synthesis of other metallic nanoparticle@BNNSs nanohybrids as promising heterogeneous catalysts for varied catalytic reactions.
Twister2: Design of a big data toolkit
Authors: Kamburugamuve Supun , Govindarajan Kannan , Wickramasinghe Pulasthi , Abeykoon Vibhatha , Fox Geoffrey 
Published: March 2019

SummaryData‐driven applications are essential to handle the ever‐increasing volume, velocity, and veracity of data generated by sources such as the Web and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Simultaneously, an event‐driven computational paradigm is emerging as the core of modern systems designed for database queries, data analytics, and on‐demand applications. Modern big data processing runtimes and asynchronous many task (AMT) systems from high performance computing (HPC) community have adopted dataflow event‐driven model. The services are increasingly moving to an event‐driven model in the form of Function as a Service (FaaS) to compose services. An event‐driven runtime designed for data processing consists of well‐understood components such as communication, scheduling, and fault tolerance. Different design choices adopted by these components determine the type of applications a system can support efficiently. We find that modern systems are limited to specific sets of applications because they have been designed with fixed choices that cannot be changed easily. In this paper, we present a loosely coupled component‐based design of a big data toolkit where each component can have different implementations to support various applications. Such a polymorphic design would allow services and data analytics to be integrated seamlessly and expand from edge to cloud to HPC environments.
Synthesis of Tribenzo[a,c,e]cyclooctene Oligomers: Toward Negatively Curved Nanocarbons
Authors: Chen Han , Miao Qian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTribenzo[a,c,e]cyclooctene oligomers, which are potential precursors for synthesis of negatively curved nanographenes and nanobelts, have been designed and synthesized. The key to this synthesis is connecting 1,3‐di(4‐t‐butylphenyl)‐dibenzo[e,i]‐2H‐cyclopentacycloocten‐2‐one, dibenzo[3,4 : 7,8]cycloocta[1,2‐c : 5,6‐c′]difuran and the Sondheimer‐Wong diyne through Diels‐Alder reactions. As revealed by X‐ray crystallography, the trimer with a C8−C6−C8−C6−C8 backbone is shaped like a letter C in the crystalline state.
Oral‐cancer knowledge, practice, and attitude assessment of dentists in Upper Egypt: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Khattab Nagwa Mohmmad Ali , Elheeny Ahmad Abdel Hamid , Tony Ghada Aslman 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe aims of this study were to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dentists in Upper Egypt with regard to oral cancer (OC). Out of 1,200 licensed dental practitioners list, 424 dentists were randomly selected from three governorates in Upper Egypt (Minia, Assuit, and Sohag). The sample size was calculated using the equation considering the knowledge of dentists about OC, confidence level, and margins of error; then, an additional number of dentists were added to guard against nonresponse. Data were collected by face‐to‐face interview using 44 items divided into four sections; first part demonstrates sociodemographic. The second part concerned with the knowledge about OC clinical presentation and diagnosis (12 multiple‐choice questions) as well as its risk factors (17 close‐end questions). The third part consists of six questions focused on the practice of participants, and finally, the last part measures attitude of dentists. The chi‐square test was used to compare between the two or more proportions. A correlation was used for describing the relationship or association between two mutually numerical dependent variables. p < 0.05 was considered to indicate significance. Rate of response was 94.3%. The overall knowledge level in the current study was 31.8%. The awareness about OC risk factors was high especially, smoking tobacco and alcohol consumption. Also, over 80% of dentists identified family history and human papillomavirus (HPV) as risk factors. Only 37.5% of participants performed regular screening of oral mucosa, and 26.5% reported lymph‐node examination. Regarding attitude, only one quarter of dentists attended continuing educating programs about OC. A statistically significant relation (p < 0.0001) between knowledge level and most demographic variables was detected. There was a fair positive correlation (r = 0.47) between practice and knowledge scores. A predominant trouble among dentists in Upper Egypt was regarding OC knowledge and practice. Continues education and training programs are highly recommended.
The platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alpha promoter‐directed expression of cre recombinase in mouse placenta
Authors: Wattez Jean‐Sebastien , Qiao Liping , Lee Samuel , Natale David Renato Christopher , Shao Jianhua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundNumerous pathologies of pregnancy originate from placental dysfunction. It is essential to understand the functions of key genes in the placenta in order to discern the etiology of placental pathologies. A paucity of animal models that allow conditional and inducible expression of a target gene in the placenta is a major limitation for studying placental development and function.ResultsTo study the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα)‐directed and tamoxifen‐induced Cre recombinase expression in the placenta, PDGFRα‐CreER mice were crossed with mT/mG dual‐fluorescent reporter mice. The expression of endogenous membrane‐localized enhanced green fluorescent protein (mEGFP) and/or dTomato in the placenta was examined to identify PDGFRα promoter‐directed Cre expression. Pregnant PDGFRα‐CreER;mT/mG mice were treated with tamoxifen at various gestational ages. Upon tamoxifen treatment, reporter protein mEGFP was observed in the junctional zone (JZ) and chorionic plate (CP). Furthermore, a single dose of tamoxifen was sufficient to induce the recombination.ConclusionsPDGFRα‐CreER expression is restricted to the JZ and CP of mouse placentas. PDGFRα‐CreER mice provide a useful tool to conditionally knock out or overexpress a target gene in these regions of the mouse placenta.
Interview‐based assessment of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID): A pilot study evaluating an ARFID module for the Eating Disorder Examination
Authors: Schmidt Ricarda , Kirsten Toralf , Hiemisch Andreas , Kiess Wieland , Hilbert Anja 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlthough avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has been included as a new diagnostic entity of childhood feeding and eating disorders, there is a lack of measures to reliably and validly assess ARFID. In addition, virtually nothing is known about clinical characteristics of ARFID in nonclinical samples.MethodThe present study presents the development and validation of an ARFID module for the child and parent version of the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) in a nonclinical sample of N = 39 children between 8 and 13 years with underweight and/or restrictive eating behaviors. For evaluating the ARFID module's reliability, the convergence of diagnoses between two independent raters and between the child and parent module was determined. The module's validity was evaluated based on the full‐length child version of the EDE, a 24 h food record, parent‐reported psychosocial functioning and self‐reported quality of life, and objective anthropometric measures.ResultsIn total, n = 7 children received an ARFID diagnosis. The ARFID module showed high interrater reliability, especially for the parent version, and high convergence between child and parent report. Evidence for the module's convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity was provided. Specifically, children with versus without ARFID reported significantly less macro‐ and micronutrient intake and were more likely to be underweight.DiscussionThis pilot study indicates the child and parent version of the EDE ARFID module to be promising for diagnosing ARFID in a structured way but still necessitates a validation in a larger clinical and community‐based sample.
Treating bulimia nervosa in the context of gender dysphoria using 10‐session cognitive behavior therapy
Authors: Cibich Mikaela , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis case report describes the psychological treatment for bulimia nervosa of a 16‐year old with co‐occurring gender dysphoria. He reported restricting his food intake and purging for approximately 1 year prior to therapy commencing.MethodTen sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders (CBT‐T) were conducted with accommodations for gender‐specific body dissatisfaction.ResultsThe client eliminated binging and purging from the second treatment session and had maintained this at the 3‐month follow‐up. The quantity and variety of foods he was eating had increased and he no longer reported subjective binges. Improvements were also evident in his depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.DiscussionThis suggests that bulimia nervosa may be effectively treated with CBT‐T in the context of gender dysphoria. Further research that investigates the generalizability of these outcomes would be beneficial.
Adrenal vein sampling with and without cosyntropin stimulation for detection of surgically remediable aldosteronism
Authors: Violari Elena G. , Arici Melih , Singh Charan K. , Caetano Celina M. , Georgiades Christos S. , Grady James , Tendler Beatriz R. , Shichman Steven J. , Malchoff Carl D. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryContext and ObjectiveBilateral adrenal vein sampling (AVS), the diagnostic standard for identifying surgically remediable aldosteronism (SRA), is commonly performed after cosyntropin stimulation (post‐ACTHstim). The role of AVS without cosyntropin stimulation (pre‐ACTHstim) has not been established. The selectivity index (SI), the adrenal vein (av) serum cortisol concentration divided by that in a peripheral vein, confirms av sampling. The minimally acceptable SI is controversial. The objectives of this study were to determine the role of pre‐ACTHstim AVS and a predetermined SI.DesignUsing biochemical cure as the endpoint, we performed a retrospective head‐to‐head comparison of pre‐ACTHstim AVS to post‐ACTHstim AVS. The specificity of a predetermined minimum SI of 1.5 in pre‐ACTHstim AVS was determined.PatientsAt a regional AVS referral centre, we analysed 32 patients who had undergone simultaneous bilateral AVS both pre‐ and post‐ACTHstim and had returned for postadrenalectomy evaluation.MeasurementsSimultaneous bilateral AVS was performed with measurements of venous concentrations of aldosterone and cortisol. End points were postadrenalectomy plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone concentration, and number of antihypertensive medications.ResultsAll 32 patients achieved a biochemical cure following adrenalectomy. The two AVS protocols were complementary. Notably, seven patients (22%; CI = 11‐38) were found to have SRA by a lateralization index (LI) > 4 on the pre‐ACTHstim AVS, but not on the post‐ACTHstim AVS. SI pre‐ACTHstim was divided into tertiles. Specificity was 100% in all.ConclusionsSimultaneous bilateral AVS performed both pre‐ACTHstim and post‐ACTHstim maximizes SRA identification. A SI of 1.5 pre‐ACTHstim does not reduce specificity.
Bio‐adrenomedullin as a marker of congestion in patients with new‐onset and worsening heart failure
Authors: ter Maaten Jozine M. , Kremer Daan , Demissei Biniyam G. , Struck Joachim , Bergmann Andreas , Anker Stefan D. , Ng Leong L. , Dickstein Kenneth , Metra Marco , Samani Nilesh J. , Romaine Simon P.R. , Cleland John , Girerd Nicolas , Lang Chim C. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundSecretion of adrenomedullin (ADM) is stimulated by volume overload to maintain endothelial barrier function, and higher levels of biologically active (bio‐) ADM in heart failure (HF) are a counteracting response to vascular leakage and tissue oedema. This study aimed to establish the value of plasma bio‐ADM as a marker of congestion in patients with worsening HF.Methods and resultsThe association of plasma bio‐ADM with clinical markers of congestion, as well as its prognostic value was studied in 2179 patients with new‐onset or worsening HF enrolled in BIOSTAT‐CHF. Data were validated in a separate cohort of 1703 patients. Patients with higher plasma bio‐ADM levels were older, had more severe HF and more signs and symptoms of congestion (all P < 0.001). Amongst 20 biomarkers, bio‐ADM was the strongest predictor of a clinical congestion score (r2 = 0.198). In multivariable regression analysis, higher bio‐ADM was associated with higher body mass index, more oedema, and higher fibroblast growth factor 23. In hierarchical cluster analysis, bio‐ADM clustered with oedema, orthopnoea, rales, hepatomegaly and jugular venous pressure. Higher bio‐ADM was independently associated with impaired up‐titration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers after 3 months, but not of beta‐blockers. Higher bio‐ADM levels were independently associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization (hazard ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.27, P = 0.002, per log increase). Analyses in the validation cohort yielded comparable findings.ConclusionsPlasma bio‐ADM in patients with new‐onset and worsening HF is associated with more severe HF and more oedema, orthopnoea, hepatomegaly and jugular venous pressure. We therefore postulate bio‐ADM as a congestion marker, which might become useful to guide decongestive therapy.
A systematic review of MEG‐based studies in Parkinson's disease: The motor system and beyond
Authors: Boon Lennard I. , Geraedts Victor J. , Hillebrand Arjan , Tannemaat Martijn R. , Contarino Maria Fiorella , Stam Cornelis J. , Berendse Henk W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is accompanied by functional changes throughout the brain, including changes in the electromagnetic activity recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG). An integrated overview of these changes, its relationship with clinical symptoms, and the influence of treatment is currently missing. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the MEG studies that have examined oscillatory activity and functional connectivity in the PD‐affected brain. The available articles could be separated into motor network‐focused and whole‐brain focused studies. Motor network studies revealed PD‐related changes in beta band (13–30 Hz) neurophysiological activity within and between several of its components, although it remains elusive to what extent these changes underlie clinical motor symptoms. In whole‐brain studies PD‐related oscillatory slowing and decrease in functional connectivity correlated with cognitive decline and less strongly with other markers of disease progression. Both approaches offer a different perspective on PD‐specific disease mechanisms and could therefore complement each other. Combining the merits of both approaches will improve the setup and interpretation of future studies, which is essential for a better understanding of the disease process itself and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying specific PD symptoms, as well as for the potential to use MEG in clinical care.