bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macroalgal Polysaccharides in Biomimetic Nanodelivery Systems
Authors: Geskovski Nikola , Sazdovska Simona Dimchevska , Goracinova Katerina 
Published: April 2019

Background:Imitating nature in the design of bio-inspired drug delivery systems resulted in several success stories. However, the practical application of biomimicry is still largely unrealized owing to the fact that we tend to copy the shape more often than the whole biology. Interesting chemistry of polysaccharides provides endless possibilities for drug complex formation and creation of delivery systems with diverse morphological and surface properties. However, the type of biological response, which may be induced by these systems, remains largely unexploited.Methods:Considering the most current research for the given topic, in this review, we will try to present the integrative approaches for the design of biomimetic DDS’s with improved therapeutic or theranostic effects based on different algal polysaccharides that exert multiple biological functions.Results:Algal polysaccharides may provide building blocks for bioinspired drug delivery systems capable of supporting the mechanical properties of nanomedicines and mimicking various biological processes by molecular interactions at the nanoscale. Numerous research studies demonstrate the efficacy and safety of multifunctional nanoparticles integrating several functions in one delivery system, composed of alginate, carrageenan, ulvan, fucoidan and their derivatives, intended to be used as bioartificial microenvironment or for diagnosis and therapy of different diseases.Conclusion:Nanodimensional structure of polysaccharide DDS’s shows substantial influence on the bioactive motifs potential availability for interaction with a variety of biomolecules and cells. Evaluation of the nano dimensional structure-activity relationship is crucial for unlocking the full potential of the future application of polysaccharide bio-mimicking DDS in modern diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
An Update on the Use of Alginate in Additive Biofabrication Techniques
Authors: Gill Amoljit Singh , Deol Parneet Kaur , Kaur Indu Pal 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Solid free forming (SFF) technique also called additive manufacturing process is immensely
popular for biofabrication owing to its high accuracy, precision and reproducibility.

Method:
SFF techniques like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, extrusion
printing, and inkjet printing create three dimension (3D) structures by layer by layer processing of the material.
To achieve desirable results, selection of the appropriate technique is an important aspect and it is based on the
nature of biomaterial or bioink to be processed.

Result & Conclusion:
Alginate is a commonly employed bioink in biofabrication process, attributable to its nontoxic,
biodegradable and biocompatible nature; low cost; and tendency to form hydrogel under mild conditions.
Furthermore, control on its rheological properties like viscosity and shear thinning, makes this natural anionic
polymer an appropriate candidate for many of the SFF techniques. It is endeavoured in the present review to
highlight the status of alginate as bioink in various SFF techniques.
The Immobilized Copper on Nickel Ferrite: A Magnetically Superior Nanocatalyst for Chemoselective and Knoevenagel Synthesis of Bisdimedones and 1,8-Dioxo-octahydroxanthenes under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Zeynizadeh Behzad , Rahmani Soleiman , Hallaj Arezu 
Published: April 2019

Aim and Objective:Nowadays, bisdimedones and 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes are considered as biologically active materials. Due to this, the synthesis of the mentioned materials is the subject of more interest. Although most of the reported methods have their own merits, however, they generally require the use of expensive reagents, hazardous organic solvents, a tedious workup procedure and reduced recyclability of the applied catalyst system. Overcoming of the above mentioned drawbacks, therefore, encouraged us to investigate the capability of nanostructured NiFe2O4@Cu towards the synthesis of bisdimedones and 1,8- dioxo-octahydroxanthenes under green reaction conditions.Materials and Methods:Nanoparticles of NiFe2O4@Cu were prepared via a two-step procedure including the preparation of NiFe2O4 by solid-state grinding of Ni(OAc)2·4H2O and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O in the presence of NaOH followed by the immobilization of Cu(0) on the surface of NiFe2O4 nucleus via hydrazine hydrate reduction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O.Results:After the synthesis of NiFe2O4@Cu, the catalytic activity of the Cu-nanocatalyst towards Knoevenagel reaction of aromatic aldehydes with dimedone under different reaction conditions was investigated. The examinations showed that using the molar equivalents of aromatic aldehydes (1 mmol) and dimedone (2 mmol) in the presence of 0.15 g NiFe2O4@Cu under solvent-free conditions chemoselectively afforded structurally different bisdimedone products at 60°C and 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes at 120°C.Conclusion:In this study, magnetically, nanoparticles of NiFe2O4@Cu were prepared and then characterized using different analyses. The catalytic activity of the prepared Cu-nanocatalyst was also studied towards solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with dimedone. All the reactions were carried out within 15-240 min to afford bisdimedone and 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene products in high yields.
Analysis of Nitroaromatics: A Comparison Between Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography and their Hyphenation with Solid Phase Micro-Extraction
Authors: Ajmal Puthiyaveettilparambu Y. , Bhangare Rahul C. , Tiwari Mahesh , Sahu Sanjay K. 
Published: April 2019

Background:A major class of nitro-explosives being used in military and commercial purposes belongs to organic compounds containing nitro (NO2) groups like nitrobenzene, nitrotoluenes, and nitramines. Apart from being energetic materials, these substances are inherently toxic to human beings. These substances may find their way into different environmental matrices from the site of their military or commercial applications. They are present in nature at ultra-trace levels.Methods:Chromatographic techniques have been widely used for the detection and quantification of nitro-explosives from various environmental matrices. The current study involves a comparison of the performance of liquid and gas chromatography with and without pre-concentration techniques like Solid Phase Micro-extraction (SPME) to detect ultra-trace levels nitrobenzene and nitrotoluenes in water.Results:The addition of SPME to chromatographic techniques significantly improves the quality of the analysis in terms of ease and sensitivity. Both SPME-HPLC and SPME-GC are equally competent techniques for the analysis of nitroaromatic explosives from water. Detection limits were improved by upto 5 orders of magnitude by these methods.Conclusion:The methodology for determining nitroaromatic explosives in water samples has been optimized and validated after trying four different methods and comparing their performance. GC and HPLC techniques used alone cannot be sensitive enough to detect these compounds at ultra-trace levels. Both SPME-HPLC-UV and SPME-GC-FID are equally competent techniques. SPME method has been proved to be an excellent tool with no requirement of any tedious sample preparation and chemical processing of the samples.
Domain Partitioning: Approach to Computing Average Iceberg Queries
Authors: Ravi Pallam , Haritha D. 
Published: April 2019

:
Data analytics and data mining systems work on data which stored in files, the files are not store relationships among the data, from such kind of data we compute aggregate values over the set of required attributes for find insights of data, find attributes values which aggregation values greater than threshold such kind of queries called iceberg queries. Computing iceberg queries with average aggregate function is default, because limited memory available. Existing method are suffers with re-computation of candidate. We proposed a Record Traction Algorithm(RTA) ,it use Domain partitioning approach, it avoid re-computation of candidate in during next scan of data set, it use bit vector and bitmap numbers for Domain Partitioning the data, our experiment reveals that our approach generate a candidate only once and input data will reduced in further candidate sets.
Design and Implementation of a Network Security Chip with Improved Compression Approach
Authors: Rajak Abdul , Gaidhane Vilas H. , D’costa Aaron 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Network security is used to secure data transmission over the wireless
network. Encryption of information plays a vital role in communication since it protects the sender
and receiver from the hackers trying to access the information.

Objectives:
In recent years, protecting the information data has become a challenging task for the
researchers. Hence, there is a need to improve the existing methods of secure data transmission.

Method:
In this paper, a new approach is proposed to implement a better security chip for secured
data transmission. It is based on the combination of encryption and description as well as the compression
techniques. The proposed design focuses on the reduction of delay in the circuit using the
compression approach.

Results:
The various simulations are carried out using the Xilinx, and MATLAB software. The
timing signals are observed on Xilinx and the proposed algorithm has been simulated and tested on
MATLAB.

Conclusion:
The presented approach performed better and achieved a good compression ratio and
hence the loss of information was less at the receiving end.
Kawista biscuit increased body weight of under five children
Authors: Metty Metty , Inayah Inayah 
Published: April 2019

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Underweight in under five children was a nutritional problem that is often caused by inadequate food intake. Underweight could occur at 6-59 months or should had supplemental feeding and supplementary foods. Supplementary foods have contribute energy to the nutritional adequacy of under five children</em></p><p><strong><em>Objective</em></strong><em>: To know the effectiveness of kawista biscuits in increasing of bodyweight under five children in Gondokusuman II Primary Health Care.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> Subjects were underweight with the aged of 12-59 months, as much as 19 children. The study was conducted in the working area of Gondokusuman II Primary Health Center Yogyakarta City. This study was quasi experimental with purposive technique sampling. The effectiveness of biscuit kawista a was analysed by paired t-test.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Result:</em></strong><em> Based on the results of effectiveness test of biscuit kawista for 2 weeks showed significant changes in body weight children (p = 0.000) as much as 0.29 kg.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><em> kawista biscuit was significantly increase the weight of under five children who suffer from malnutrition.</em></p><p><em></em> </p><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong>: <em>kawista biscuit (limonia acidissima), underweight, gain weight</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p> </p>
Influence of Scleral Lens on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Aitsebaomo A. Philip , Wong-Powell Jeannette , Miller William , Amir Farshid 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Since Scleral Lenses (SL) rest entirely on the sclera and may affect underlying anatomical structures that may influence aqueous humor flow, it is important to determine the effect of SL wear on intra-ocular pressure (IOP).

Methods
Nine subjects with normal corneas were recruited for an Institutional Review Board-approved study. Best fit SL from a 15.8 mm diameter 0.4mm thick diagnostic-lens set was fitted on a randomly selected eye, with a silicone-hydrogel soft lens (soft lens) on the other eye. Three IOP measurements were taken with rebound iCare tonometer prior to lens application (baseline data measured at about 9:30AM), and immediately after lens removal (final data measured at about 5:30PM). Baseline and final lens vault was determined with anterior segment Zeiss optical coherence tomography (OCT). Mean baseline and final IOP for each eye was analyzed with a Student-t-test, 2-way repeated ANOVA, and the Bland-Altman plot.

RESULTS
IOP was elevated with SL wear for all subjects. Soft lens eyes showed a slight elevation for some but decreased in others. Mean IOP change was 5.81 ± 1.62 mm Hg for SL and -0.62 ± 0.88 mm Hg for soft lens eyes. When mean IOP in SL eyes was compared to soft lens eyes, unpaired t-test showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between the means. Bland-Altman bias was 6.43 (SD of bias 3.139). Repeated ANOVA also showed a significant difference between baseline and final IOP.

CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that SL wear can elevate IOP. Eye care practitioners (ECP) must consider this possible outcome in treating patients wearing SL. Additional studies are needed to determine the clinical implications of SL wear on IOP.
Uji Aktivitas Toksisitas Dan Antimikroba Flavonoid Total Daun Benalu (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L) Miq) Dari Pohon Glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia)
Authors: FAHMI ALIYAH , Bulan Rumondang 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian mengenai uji aktivitas toksisitas dan antimikroba flavonoid total daun benalu (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L) Miq) dari pohon glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas toksisitas dari flavonoid total daun benalu pohon glodokan berdasarkan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) menggunakan larva udang Artemia salina Leach diperoleh Lethal Concentration (LC50) sebesar 30.06 mg/L yang berarti memiliki aktivitas toksisitas yang toksik sementara untuk aktivitas antimikroba dari flavonoid total daun benalu pohon glodokan dengan Metode Difusi Agar diperoleh diameter zona hambat pada Streptococcus mutans pada konsentrasi sampel flavonoid total pohon glodokan 3%, 6% dan 9 % adalah 6; 9 dan 17.25 mm, pada Escherichia coli adalah 3.55; 4.25 dan 9.15 mm dan pada Candida albicans adalah 8.30; 4 dan 5.30 mm dimana semakin besar konsentrasi maka daya hambat pada S. mutans dan E. coli semakin besar namun pada C. albicans kurang mempengaruhi tetapi memiliki aktivitas hambat yang baik sehingga efektif dikembangkan sebagai zat antimikroba.
Learning Management System (LMS) Sebagai Aplikasi Pengembangan Materi Interaktif Pokok Bahasan Daur Biogeokimia Berbasis Computer Assisted Instruction.
Authors: Sanova Aulia 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan protype desain produk e-learning berbasis LMS menggunakan aplikasi moodle, khususnya pada materi Daur Biogeokimia yang di pelajari pada mata kuliah Kimia Lingkungan. Proses pembelajaran dalam LMS ini mengakomodasi beberapa konten dengan berbagai vitur yaitu course content yang mencakup artikel, materi modul yang dikemas dalam bentuk interaktif flash animasi, tugas/ujian, dan video pembelajaran dan penugasan untuk mengukur pencapaian mahasiswa
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) modifikasi Sugiyono. Subyek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia yang ditentukan secara convenience sampling. Data yang diambil adalah kelayakan dari segi materi dan media serta tangggapan mahasiswa terhadap produk yang telah dikembangkan melalui angket.
Tanggapan ahli menunjukkan e-learning berbasis Moodle sangat layak dari segi media dan layak dari segi materi. Hasil angket tanggapan siswa pada uji coba skala kecil menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa memberikan tanggapan positif dimana para mahasiswa sangat tertarik dan memberikan respon jika aplikasi LMS moodle merupakan bentuk inovasi dalam alternatif proses pembelajaran.
KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT KIMIA LAHAN GAMBUT YANG DI KONVERSI MENJADI PERKEBUNAN SAWIT DI KABUPATEN KETAPANG
Authors: Hermanto Sarwendah Ratnawati 
Published: April 2019

Pemanfaatan lahan gambut sebagai lahan perkebunan memerlukan perhatian khusus dan manajemen yang tepat karena pengembangan perkebunan sangat tergantung pada status kesuburan tanah. Konversi lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan berdampak pada ekosistem gambut asli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan sifat kimia lahan gambut yang dikonversi menjadi perkebunan sawit dan mempelajari dampak dari alih fungsi lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan sawit pada berbagai usia tanam terhadap perubahan sifat kimia tanah.
Penelitian yang dilakukan ialah penelitian observasi. Lokasi pengambilan sampel ada di 4 titik di daerah sungai melayu, yaitu lahan gambut murni, kebun kelapa sawit usia 2 tahun, 8 tahun dan 16 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh data bahwa kandungan beberapa sifat kimia tanah mengalami perubahan, baik itu nilai pH, KTK, C-organik, N-total, P- tersedia dan Kation basa (K, Ca, Mg dan Na). Peningkatan pH lahan gambut yang dikonversi menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit sebesar 0,1-0,4%. Sedangkan untuk nilai KTK, C-organik, N-total, P- tersedia dan Kation basa mengalami penurunan dengan harga yang bervariasi. Alih fungsi lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan sawit sangat berpengaruh pada kesuburan tanah. Perlakuan pemupukan sebagai upaya pengembalian hara yang terangkut oleh tanaman saat panen tidak berlangsung dengan optimal. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya upaya perbaikan hara tanah agar kondisi tidak semakin buruk.

Kata kunci: Alih fungsi, Lahan Gambut, Sawit, Kimia
FORMULASI SEDIAAN KUMUR DARI EKSTRAK DAUN SUKUN Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg
Authors: Rasyadi Yahdian 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT

Research on mouthwash formulations from breadfruit leaf extract. This study aims to be able to formulate breadfruit leaf extract into mouth rinses. Mouthwashes breadfruit leaf extract is made into four formula that F0 (base), F1 (extract of breadfruit leaf pods 10%), F2 (extract of breadfruit leaf pods 15%) and F3 (extract of breadfruits leaf pods 20%). Evaluation mouthwash include organoleptic examination, pH, stability, and viscosity. The evaluation results show that the physical properties perfomed mouthwash give good results and qualify mouthwash preparations. Breadfruit leaf extract could be formulated in the form of mouthwash.

Keywords: breadfruit leaf extract; mouthwash formulations; Mouthwashes breadfruit leaf extract

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang formulasi sediaan kumur dari ekstrak daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat memformulasi ekstrak daun sukun menjadi sediaan kumur. Sediaan kumur ekstrak daun sukun dibuat menjadi empat formula yaitu F0 (basis), F1 (ekstrak daun sukun 10%), F2 ( ekstrak daun sukun 15%) dan F3 ( ekstrak daun sukun 20%). Evaluasi obat kumur meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptis, pH, stabilitas, dan viskositas. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik sediaan obat kumur memberikan hasil yang baik dan memenuhi syarat sediaan obat kumur. Ekstrak daun sukun dapat diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan obat kumur.

Kata kunci: ekstrak daun sukun, formulasi obat kumur, obat kumur daun sukun
PERBANDINGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW DAN TIPE TWO STAY TWO STRAY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI ELASTISITAS
Authors: Anwar Miftahul , Yuliani Hadma , Fatmawati Sri Fatmawati 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) terdapat tidaknya peningkatan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan tipe two stay two stray , (2) terdapat tidaknya perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan tipe two stay two stray, (3) aktivitas guru dan siswa yang menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan tipe two stay two stray. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskripitif dan komparatif. Desain penelitian menggunakan the static group pretest-posttest design dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik judgment sampling, sampel yang dipilih yaitu kelas XI-IA 5 dan XI-IA 6. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAN Kota Palangka Raya pada bulan September sampai dengan Oktober 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah hasil belajar kognitif, lembar pengamatan hasil belajar afektif dan psikomotorik, aktivitas guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh: (1) terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa dengan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan tipe two stay two stray, (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan tipe two stay two stray , (3) aktivitas guru menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw nilai rata-rata 82,89 dengan kategori baik dan model kooperatif tipe two stay two stray nilai rata-rata 84,20 dengan kategori baik, aktivitas siswa menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw nilai rata-rata 79,85 dengan kategori baik dan model kooperatif tipe two stay two stray nilai rata-rata 83,58 dengan kategori baik.
Pengaruh Penambahan Biochar dari Batubara Lignite pada Tanah Bekas Penambangan Batubara Terhadap Konsentrasi Logam Kadmium (Cd) Terlarut Menggunakan Kolom Fixed Bed Sorpsion
Authors: Hidayat Agung Putra , Damris Damris 
Published: April 2019

Transformasi hutan ke area pertambangan batubara menimbulkan berbagai masalah pasca penambangan batubara, salah satunya menimbulkan pencemaran logam berat pada lingkungan sekitar. Banyak usaha yang telah dilakukan untuk penangulangannya dan pemberian biochar merupakan solusi yang menjanjikan. Peroses pembuatan biochar yang sederhana serta biochar memiliki luas permukaan pori yang besar sehingga dapat di jadikan sebagai bahan penyerap. Lignite sebagai limbah pertambangan batubara memiliki kandungan hidrogen dan karbon yang tinggi sehingga cocok di jadikan biochar. Dari hasil analisa SEM di dapat morfologi permukaan pori biochar yang luas dengan hasil uji luas area menggunakan methylene blue sebesar 9,20 m2.g-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh varaiasi penambahan jumlah biochar 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% serta variasi rasio liquid per solid 1, 2, 5, 8, dan 10 terhadap immobilisasi logam kadmium pada tanah. Kondisi lapangan pada penelitian ini di rekayasa menggunakan kolom fixed bed sorpsion, dengan dua layer biochar didalamnya sebagai solusi kondisi di lapangan. Dari analisa AAS titik optimal pengimmobilisasian logam kadmium berada pada penambahan biochar 15% dengan rata-rata persentasi penyerapan 99,8307%, serta titik optimal pengimmobilisasian berada pada rasio liquid per solid ke-10 dengan persentasi penyerapan 99,9154%.
Protagonismo indígena e (in)tolerância no cibermundo: um estudo de caso com os Kaingang da Terra Indígena Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, de Estrela/RS
Authors: Prestes Fabiane Da Silva , Laroque Luís Fernando da Silva , Lima Luciano Almeida 
Published: April 2019

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar manifestações de (in)tolerância em relação aos indígenas Kaingang da Terra Indígena Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, oriundas a partir de uma publicação na fanpage do jornal O Informativo do Vale, com circulação na Região Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul. Como procedimento metodológico foi realizada pesquisa de campo, levantamento bibliográfico e de fontes impressas e digitais dos comentários publicados na fanpage do jornal O Informativo do Vale no facebook. Ademais, é realizado um estudo sobre a intolerância no cibermundo, pelo viés do respeito e reconhecimento da diversidade nas redes sociais. Foi selecionada uma amostragem de comentários, os quais, foram agrupados nos eixos: trabalho, etnocentrismo e discurso de ódio. Por fim, compreende-se que tais comentários estão sedimentados em uma visão negativa desta comunidade indígena, entretanto, estes deslizes morais podem ser relevantes, justamente, para compor as lutas por reconhecimento e respeito destes sujeitos de direitos.Palavras-chave: Cibermundo. Etnocentrismo. Indígenas.