bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prospective Association of Social Integration With Life Span and Exceptional Longevity in Women
Authors: Trudel-Fitzgerald Claudia , Zevon Emily S , Kawachi Ichiro , Tucker-Seeley Reginald D , Grodstein Francine , Kubzansky Laura D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Although stronger social relationships have been associated with reduced mortality risk in prior research, their associations with favorable health outcomes are understudied. We evaluated whether higher social integration levels were associated with longer life span and greater likelihood of achieving exceptional longevity.

Method
Women from the Nurses’ Health Study completed the Berkman–Syme Social Network Index in 1992 (N = 72,322; average age = 58.80 years), and were followed through 2014 with biennial questionnaires. Deaths were ascertained from participants’ families, postal authorities, and death registries. Accelerated failure time models adjusting for relevant covariates estimated percent changes in life span associated with social integration levels; logistic regressions evaluated likelihood of surviving to age 85 years or older among women who could reach that age during follow-up (N = 16,818).

Results
After controlling for baseline demographics and chronic diseases, socially integrated versus isolated women had 10% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.80–11.42) longer life span and 41% (95% CI = 1.28–1.54) higher odds of surviving to age 85 years. All findings remained statistically significant after further adjusting for health behaviors and depression.

Discussion
Better social integration is related to longer life span and greater likelihood of achieving exceptional longevity among midlife women. Findings suggest social integration may be an important psychosocial asset to evaluate for promoting longer, healthier lives.
When Frail Older People Relocate in Very Old Age, Who Makes the Decision?
Authors: Scheibl Fiona , Farquhar Morag , Buck Jackie , Barclay Stephen , Brayne Carol , Fleming Jane 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older people are likely to transition to a new home closer to family who can provide assistance or to long-term residential care as their health declines and their care needs increase. A minority choose to move to “age-friendly” housing before the onset of disability, but the majority prefer to “age in place” and defer moving until health crises compel a transition. Older people living with dementia are likely to move into residential care, but not much is known about the role they play in decision making around these moves. This qualitative study addresses this gap in knowledge by examining how a rare cohort of “older old” people, most with some level of cognitive impairment, were involved in decisions surrounding assistance seeking and moving to a care home.

Research Design and Methods
Thematic analysis of qualitative interview data from Cambridge City over-75s Cohort (CC75C) study participants aged 95 years and older, who had moved in later life, and their proxy informants (n = 26).

Results
Moves at such an old age were made due to a complexity of push and pull factors which had layered dynamics of decision making. In most cases (n = 22), decision making involved other people with varying degrees of decision ownership. Only four older people, who moved voluntarily, had full ownership of the decision to move. Many relatives reported being traumatized by events leading up to the move.

Discussion and Implications
“Older old” people are sometimes unable to make their own decisions about moving due to the urgency of health crisis and cognitive decline. There is a need to support relatives to discuss moving and housing options at timely junctures before health crises intervene in an effort to optimize older people’s participation in decision making.
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein aggregation and their cross talk: new insight in tumorigenesis
Authors: Haque Ejazul , Kamil Mohd , Hasan Adria , Irfan Safia , Sheikh Saba , Khatoon Aisha , Nazir Aamir , Mir Snober S 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProtein glycation and protein aggregation are two distinct phenomena being observed in cancer cells as factors promoting cancer cell viability. Protein aggregation is an abnormal interaction between proteins caused as a result of structural changes in them after any mutation or environmental assault. Protein aggregation is usually associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, but of late, research findings have shown its association with the development of different cancers like lung, breast and ovarian cancer. On the contrary, protein glycation is a cascade of irreversible nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugar with the amino group of the protein resulting in the modification of protein structure and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These AGEs are reported to obstruct the normal function of proteins. Lately, it has been reported that protein aggregation occurs as a result of AGEs. This aggregation of protein promotes the transformation of healthy cells to neoplasia leading to tumorigenesis. In this review, we underline the current knowledge of protein aggregation and glycation along with the cross talk between the two, which may eventually lead to the development of cancer.
Relationship between shell integrity of pelagic gastropods and carbonate chemistry parameters at a Scottish Coastal Observatory monitoring site
Authors: León Pablo , Bednaršek Nina , Walsham Pam , Cook Kathryn , Hartman Susan E , Wall-Palmer Deborah , Hindson Jennifer , Mackenzie Kevin , Webster Lynda , Bresnan Eileen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOcean acidification (OA), the anthropogenic carbon dioxide-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, is likely to have a significant impact on calcifying plankton. Most planktonic studies on OA are based on “one-off” cruises focused on offshore areas while observations from inshore waters are scarce. This study presents the first analysis on the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods (holoplanktonic pteropods and planktonic larvae of otherwise benthic species) at the Scottish Coastal Observatory monitoring site at Stonehaven on the east coast of Scotland. The shell integrity of archived pelagic gastropods specimens from 2011 to 2013 was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy and the relationship with OA (pH and aragonite saturation, Ωarg) and other environmental parameters was investigated. Evidence of shell dissolution was detected in all analysed taxa even though the seawater was supersaturated with respect to aragonite. The shell condition matched the temporal pattern observed in Ωarg, with higher proportion of dissolution associated with decreasing Ωarg, suggesting that the seasonality component of carbonate chemistry might affect the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods. The proportion of shell dissolution differed significantly between larvae and adult stages of pteropods, supporting the hypothesis that early-life stages would be more vulnerable to OA-induced changes. Our data also suggest that sensitivity to OA may differ even between closely related taxonomic groups. The strong interannual variability revealed by the year-to-year shell dissolution and Ωarg illustrates the difficulty in assessing the plankton response to OA in the field and the value of time series studies.
Multiplicity One for Pairs of Prasad–Takloo-Bighash Type
Authors: Broussous Paul , Matringe Nadir 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Let ${\textrm{E}}/{\textrm{F}}$ be a quadratic extension of non-archimedean local fields of characteristic different from $2$. Let ${\textrm{A}}$ be an ${\textrm{F}}$-central simple algebra of even dimension so that it contains ${\textrm{E}}$ as a subfield, set ${\textrm{G}}={\textrm{A}}^\times $ and ${\textrm{H}}$ for the centralizer of ${\textrm{E}}^\times $ in ${\textrm{G}}$. Using a Galois descent argument, we prove that all double cosets ${\textrm{H}} g {\textrm{H}}\subset{\textrm{G}}$ are stable under the anti-involution $g\mapsto g^{-1}$, reducing to Guo’s result for ${\textrm{F}}$-split ${\textrm{G}}$ [ 14], which we extend to fields of positive characteristic different from $2$. We then show, combining global and local results, that ${\textrm{H}}$-distinguished irreducible representations of ${\textrm{G}}$ are self-dual and this implies that $({\textrm{G}},{\textrm{H}})$ is a Gelfand pair $$\begin{equation*}\operatorname{dim}_{\mathbb{C}}(\operatorname{Hom}_{{\textrm{H}}}(\pi,\mathbb{C}))\leq 1\end{equation*}$$for all smooth irreducible representations $\pi $ of ${\textrm{G}}$. Finally we explain how to obtain the multiplicity one statement in the archimedean case using the criteria of Aizenbud and Gourevitch ([ 1]), and we then show self-duality of irreducible distinguished representations in the archimedean case too.
Convergence of the Weak Kähler–Ricci Flow on Manifolds of General Type
Authors: Tô Tat Dat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We study the Kähler–Ricci flow on compact Kähler manifolds whose canonical bundle is big. We show that the normalized Kähler–Ricci flow has long-time existence in the viscosity sense, is continuous in a Zariski open set, and converges to the unique singular Kähler–Einstein metric in the canonical class. The key ingredient is a viscosity theory for degenerate complex Monge–Ampère flows in big classes that we develop, extending and refining the approach of Eyssidieux–Guedj–Zeriahi.
Dynamical Uniform Bounds for Fibers and a Gap Conjecture
Authors: Bell Jason , Ghioca Dragos , Satriano Matthew 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe prove a uniform version of the Dynamical Mordell–Lang Conjecture for étale maps; also, we obtain a gap result for the growth rate of heights of points in an orbit along an arbitrary endomorphism of a quasiprojective variety defined over a number field. More precisely, for our 1st result, we assume $X$ is a quasi-projective variety defined over a field $K$ of characteristic $0$, endowed with the action of an étale endomorphism $\Phi $, and $f\colon X\longrightarrow Y$ is a morphism with $Y$ a quasi-projective variety defined over $K$. Then for any $x\in X(K)$, if for each $y\in Y(K)$, the set $S_{x,y}:=\{n\in{\mathbb{N}}\colon f(\Phi ^n(x))=y\}$ is finite, then there exists a positive integer $N_x$ such that $\sharp S_{x,y}\le N_x$ for each $y\in Y(K)$. For our 2nd result, we let $K$ be a number field, $f:X\dashrightarrow{\mathbb{P}}^1$ is a rational map, and $\Phi $ is an arbitrary endomorphism of $X$. If ${\mathcal{O}}_{\Phi }(x)$ denotes the forward orbit of $x$ under the action of $\Phi $, then either $f({\mathcal{O}}_{\Phi }(x))$ is finite, or $\limsup _{n\to \infty } h(f(\Phi ^n(x)))/\log (n)&gt;0$, where $h(\cdot )$ represents the usual logarithmic Weil height for algebraic points.
The frugivorous insectivores? Functional morphological analysis of molar topography for inferring diet in extant treeshrews (Scandentia)
Authors: Selig Keegan R , Sargis Eric J , Silcox Mary T 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe ecology, and particularly the diet, of treeshrews (order Scandentia) is poorly understood compared to that of their close relatives, the primates. This stems partially from treeshrews having fast food transit times through the gut, meaning fecal and stomach samples only represent a small portion of the foodstuffs consumed in a given day. Moreover, treeshrews are difficult to observe in the wild, leading to a lack of observational data in the literature. Although treeshrews are mixed feeders, consuming both insects and fruit, it is currently unknown how the relative importance of these food types varies across Scandentia. Previous study of functional dental morphology has provided an alternative means for understanding the diet of living euarchontans. We used dental topographic metrics to quantify aspects of functional dental morphology in a large sample of treeshrews (n = 58). We measured relief index, Dirichlet normal energy, and three-dimensional orientation patch count rotated, which quantify crown relief, occlusal curvature, and complexity, respectively. Our results suggest that treeshrews exhibit dental morphology consistent with high levels of insectivory relative to other euarchontans. They also suggest that taxa such as Dendrogale melanura and Tupaia belangeri appear to be best suited to insectivory, whereas taxa such as T. palawanensis and T. gracilis appear to be best adapted to frugivory. Our results suggest that Ptilocercus lowii is characterized by a dentition better adapted to insectivory than the early primate Purgatorius. If P. lowii represents a good modern analogue for primitive euarchontans, this contrast would support models of primate origins that include a shift to greater frugivory.
Inter-fractional variations in the dosimetric parameters of accelerated partial breast irradiation using a strut-adjusted volume implant
Authors: Iijima Kotaro , Okamoto Hiroyuki , Takahashi Kana , Aikawa Ako , Wakita Akihisa , Nakamura Satoshi , Nishioka Shie , Harada Ken , Notake Ryoichi , Sugawara Akimoto , Yoshimura Ryoichi , Kunieda Etsuo , Itami Jun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate inter-fractional dosimetric variations for high-dose rate breast brachytherapy using a strut-adjusted volume implant (SAVI). For the nine patients included, dosimetric constraints for treatment were as follows: for the planning target volume for evaluation (PTV_Eval), the volume receiving 90, 150 and 200% of the prescribed dose (V90%,150%,200%) should be &gt;90%, ≤50 cm3 and ≤20 cm3, respectively; the dose covering 1 cm3 (D1cc) of the organs at risk should be ≤110% of the prescribed dose; and the air volume should be ≤10% of PTV_Eval. Differences in V90%,150%,200%, D1cc and air volume ($\Delta V$ and $\Delta D$) as inter-fractional dosimetric variations and SAVI displacements were measured with pretreatment and planning computed tomography (CT) images. Inter-fractional dosimetric variations were analyzed for correlations with the SAVI displacements. The patients were divided into two groups based on the distance of the SAVI from the surface skin to assess the relationship between the insertion position of the SAVI and dosimetric parameters. The median ΔV90%,150%,200% for the PTV_Eval in all patients was −0.3%, 0.2 cm3 and 0.2 cm3, respectively. The median (range) ΔD1cc for the chest wall and surface skin was −0.8% (−18.9 to 9.4%) and 0.3% (−7.6 to 5.3%), respectively. SAVI displacement did not correlate with inter-fractional dosimetric variations. In conclusion, the dose constraints were satisfied in most cases. However, there were inter-fractional dosimetric changes due to SAVI displacement.
NUSTAR and Swift observations of AMXP Swift J1756.9−2508 during its 2018 outburst
Authors: Rai Binay , Paul Bikash Chandra 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
We present here the timing and spectral analysis of the accreting millisecond pulsar (AMXP) SwiftJ1756.9−2508 during its recent outburst in 2018 using Swift and NUSTAR observations. The simultaneous fitting of the Swift and NUSTAR spectra indicates that the source was in the hard state with a cut-off energy of about 74.58 keV. We also study in detail the pulse profile of the AMXP and its dependence on energy. The colour–colour diagram of the source is different from those previously reported. We performed phase- and time-resolved spectral analysis using NUSTAR data. Pulse phase-resolved spectra were fitted with a power-law model and significant changes in the spectral parameters with pulse phase were observed. The orbital phase and time-resolved spectra were fitted with a cut-off power-law model. The column density and photon index obtained from orbital phase spectral analysis were found to show some anticorrelation with the flux. Through time-resolved spectral analysis, we observed that the spectral parameters show positive correlation with each other and with the flux. We do not observe a softening of the spectrum with time. No emission lines or Compton bump were observed in the spectrum of the AMXP.
Multi-epoch X-ray spectral analysis of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 478
Authors: Waddell S G H , Gallo L C , Gonzalez A G , Tripathi S , Zoghbi A 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
A multi-epoch X-ray spectral and variability analysis is conducted for the narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 478. All available X-ray data from XMM–Newton and Suzaku satellites, spanning from 2001 to 2017, are modelled with a variety of physical models, including partial covering, soft Comptonization, and blurred reflection, to explain the observed spectral shape and variability over the 16 yr. All models are a similar statistical fit to the data sets, though the analysis of the variability between data sets favours the blurred reflection model. In particular, the variability can be attributed to changes in flux of the primary coronal emission. Different reflection models fit the data equally well, but differ in interpretation. The use of reflionx predicts a low disc ionization and power law dominated spectrum, while relxill predicts a highly ionized and blurred reflection dominated spectrum. A power law dominated spectrum might be more consistent with the normal X-ray-to-UV spectral shape (αox). Both blurred reflection models suggest a rapidly spinning black hole seen at a low inclination angle, and both require a sub-solar (∼0.5) abundance of iron. All physical models require a narrow emission feature at $6.7{\rm \, keV}$ likely attributable to Fe xxv emission, while no evidence for a narrow $6.4{\rm \, keV}$ line from neutral iron is detected.
The CFHT Large Area U-band Deep Survey (CLAUDS)
Authors: Sawicki Marcin , Arnouts Stephane , Huang Jiasheng , Coupon Jean , Golob Anneya , Gwyn Stephen , Foucaud Sebastien , Moutard Thibaud , Iwata Ikuru , Liu Chengze , Chen Lingjian , Desprez Guillaume , Harikane Yuichi , Ono Yoshiaki , Strauss Michael A , Tanaka Masayuki , Thibert Nathalie , Balogh Michael , Bundy Kevin , Chapman Scott , Gunn James E , Hsieh Bau-Ching , Ilbert Olivier , Jing Yipeng , LeFèvre Olivier , Li Cheng , Matsuda Yuichi , Miyazaki Satoshi , Nagao Tohru , Nishizawa Atsushi J , Ouchi Masami , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Silverman John , de la Torre Sylvain , Tresse Laurence , Wang Wei-Hao , Willott Chris J , Yamada Toru , Yang Xiaohu , Yee Howard K C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) Large Area U-band Deep Survey (CLAUDS) uses data taken with the MegaCam mosaic imager on CFHT to produce images of 18.60 deg2 with median seeing of FWHM=0.92″ and to a median depth of U = 27.1 AB (5σ in 2″ apertures), with selected areas that total 1.36 deg2 reaching a median depth of U = 27.7 AB. These are the deepest U-band images assembled to date over this large an area. These data are located in four fields also imaged to comparably faint levels in grizy and several narrowband filters as part of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP). These CFHT and Subaru datasets will remain unmatched in their combination of area and depth until the advent of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). This paper provides an overview of the scientific motivation for CLAUDS and gives details of the observing strategy, observations, data reduction, and data merging with the HSC-SSP. Three early applications of these deep data are used to illustrate the potential of the dataset: deep U-band galaxy number counts, z∼3 Lyman break galaxy (LBG) selection, and photometric redshifts improved by adding CLAUDS U to the Subaru HSC grizy photometry.
Jean-Philippe Rameau’s Influence on Harmonic Theory in Spain
Authors: Murphy Paul , Gallardo Cristóbal García 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It is well known that the music-theoretical ideas of Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) were disseminated throughout much of Europe in large part by the summary editions issued by the mathematician and philosopher Jean Le Rond d’Alembert (1717–83) and certain German, English, and Italian translations that followed. Little is known, however, about how Rameau’s revolutionary and controversial theories appeared in Spain, and even less about how they were received and interpreted. In response, we offer a contextual analysis of the effects that these ideas had on both forward-looking intellectuals as well as on conservative professional musicians grounded in music of the past.
SNP2APA: a database for evaluating effects of genetic variants on alternative polyadenylation in human cancers
Authors: Yang Yanbo , Zhang Qiong , Miao Ya-Ru , Yang Jiajun , Yang Wenqian , Yu Fangda , Wang Dongyang , Guo An-Yuan , Gong Jing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlternative polyadenylation (APA) is an important post-transcriptional regulation that recognizes different polyadenylation signals (PASs), resulting in transcripts with different 3′ untranslated regions, thereby influencing a series of biological processes and functions. Recent studies have revealed that some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could contribute to tumorigenesis and development through dysregulating APA. However, the associations between SNPs and APA in human cancers remain largely unknown. Here, using genotype and APA data of 9082 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Cancer 3′UTR Altas (TC3A), we systematically identified SNPs affecting APA events across 32 cancer types and defined them as APA quantitative trait loci (apaQTLs). As a result, a total of 467 942 cis-apaQTLs and 30 721 trans-apaQTLs were identified. By integrating apaQTLs with survival and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data, we further identified 2154 apaQTLs associated with patient survival time and 151 342 apaQTLs located in GWAS loci. In addition, we designed an online tool to predict the effects of SNPs on PASs by utilizing PAS motif prediction tool. Finally, we developed SNP2APA, a user-friendly and intuitive database (http://gong_lab.hzau.edu.cn/SNP2APA/) for data browsing, searching, and downloading. SNP2APA will significantly improve our understanding of genetic variants and APA in human cancers.