bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic analysis of raw Pinelliae Rhizoma and its alum‐processed products via UPLC–MS and their cytotoxicity
Authors: Sun Li‐Ming , Zhang Bo , Wang Yu‐Chen , He Hao‐Ke , Chen Xiao‐Guang , Wang Su‐Juan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlum‐processing is a traditional method to attenuate the toxicity of Pinelliae Rhizoma (tubers of Pinellia ternate, PT). The present study aimed at investigating the chemical and cytotoxic changes during alum processing. Metabolomic profiles of raw and alum‐processed PT were studied based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry. More than 80 chemicals in positive MS mode and 40 chemicals in negative MS mode, such as organic acids, amino acids, glucosides and nucleosides, were identified after multivariate statistical analysis, including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least‐square discriminant analysis. Almost all of the identified chemical markers were significantly decreased ~10‐ to 100‐fold after alum processing. Meanwhile, the correlations between the chemical markers were assimilated to a positive coefficient from disorderly distribution during the processing. Raw PT extracts could inhibit the proliferation of human carcinoma cells (HCT‐116, HepG2, and A549) at the rate of 40.5, 24.8 and 31.6% more strongly than processed PT. It was concluded that the alum processing of PT could decrease the number of actively water‐soluble principles at the same time as decreasing toxicity. Given the water‐insoluble property of toxic calcium oxalate raphides in PT, we suggest that a more scientific processing method should be sought.
Caralluma fimbriata extract activity involves the 5‐HT2c receptor in PWS Snord116 deletion mouse model
Authors: Griggs Joanne L. , Mathai Michael L. , Sinnayah Puspha 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionIn Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), nonprotein coding small nucleolar (sno) RNAs are involved in the paternally deleted region of chromosome 15q11.2‐q13, which is believed to cause the hyperphagic phenotype of PWS. Central to this is SnoRNA116. The supplement Caralluma fimbriata extract (CFE) has been shown to decrease appetite behavior in some individuals with PWS. We therefore investigated the mechanism underpinning the effect of CFE on food intake in the Snord116del mouse. Experiments utilized appetite stimulants which included a 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) 2c receptor antagonist (SB242084), as the 5‐HT2cR is implicated in central signaling of satiety.MethodsAfter 9‐week chronic CFE treatment (33 mg or 100 mg kg−1 day−1) or placebo, the 14‐week‐old Snord116del (SNO) and wild‐type mice (n = 72) were rotated through intraperitoneal injections of (a) isotonic saline; (b) 400 mg/kg of 2‐deoxyglucose (2DG) (glucose deprivation); (c) 100 mglkg beta‐mercaptoacetate (MA), fatty acid signaling; and (d) SB242084 (a selective 5HT2cR antagonist), with 5 days between reagents. Assessments of food intake were from baseline to 4 hr, followed by immunohistochemistry of neural activity utilizing c‐Fos, neuropeptide Y, and alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone within hypothalamic appetite pathways.ResultsCaralluma fimbriata extract administration decreased food intake more strongly in the SNO100CFE group with significantly stimulated food intake demonstrated during coadministration with SB242084. Though stimulatory deprivation was expected to stimulate food intake, 2DG and MA resulted in lower intake in the snord116del mice compared to the WT animals (p = <0.001). Immunohistochemical mapping of hypothalamic neural activity was consistent with the behavioral studies.ConclusionsThis study identifies a role for the 5‐HT2cR in CFE‐induced appetite suppression and significant stimulatory feeding disruptions in the snord116del mouse model.
Chinese steamed bread: Packaging conditions and starch retrogradation
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Xiaolong , Li Xiaoping , Ma Zhen , Liu Liu , Hu Xinzhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe starch retrogradation of Chinese steamed bread (CSB) under different packaging conditions (sealed package [SP], vacuum package [VP], and thermal‐vacuum package [T‐VP]) was compared in the present study. Parameters including moisture content, moisture migration, starch granule structure, and starch retrogradation were monitored by NMR, SEM, XRD, and FT‐IR.FindingsDuring storage, T‐VP steamed bread kept higher water content and had longer shelf life compared to SP and VP. T‐VP hindered the interactions among water molecules, gluten, and starch, thus relatively increasing the mobility of water molecules represented by T23 in NMR tests compared to SP. T‐VP decreased the speed of CSB starch granules getting narrowing in SEM, maintaining a good taste of steamed bread. Results from FT‐IR and XRD suggested a lower retrogradation rate of CSB starch with T‐VP as compared to SP and VP, and the retrogradation of CSB starch was affected by free water during storage.ConclusionsThermal‐vacuum package could delay the speed of water desorption, blocked the interaction among water molecules, gluten and starch and slowed the adhesion between starch granule, thus retard starch retrogradation of CSB.Significance and noveltyThermal‐vacuum package technology as an anti‐retrogradation packaging system for CSB preservation could extend the shelf life of CSB for at least 84 days at room temperature.
Exfoliating Polyoxometalate‐Encapsulating Metal‐Organic Framework into Two‐Dimensional Nanosheets for Superior Oxidative Desulfurization
Authors: Xu Lili , Wang Yang , Xu Tingting , Liu Shengjun , Tong Jing , Chu Runrun , Hou Xudong , Liu Bo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe report the exfoliation of two‐dimensional polyoxometalate‐encapsulating MOF (POM−Co‐MOF) into atomically thick nanosheets for highly efficient desulfurization application. Two‐dimensional layer‐structured MOF [Co2(H2O)4(BTX)3][PMo12O40] (BTX=1,4‐Bis(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)benzene) is featured with Keggin‐type POM wrapped in MOF skeleton via coordinating to cobalt with terminal oxygen. Wet ball‐milling and sonication assisted top‐down exfoliation in acetonitrile successfully delaminates POM‐MOF into nanosheets, which creates more accessible active sites and efficiently decreases the restriction of mass transfer during the reaction, and thus enhances the desulfurization efficiency. In comparison with bulk POM‐MOF, delaminated nanosheets exhibit a 14‐fold higher desulfurization efficiency via monitoring dibenzothiophene oxidation process (TON value of ca. 400) using H2O2 as oxidant. Meanwhile, POM−Co‐MOF nanosheets also show superior desulfurization performance in model oil system.
Electrodeposition of Ag onto Au(111) from Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Ceblin Maximilian U. , Zeller Sven , Schick Benjamin , Kibler Ludwig A. , Jacob Timo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSilver electrodeposition onto Au(111) has been studied as a function of composition of deep eutectic solvent (DES) type III and IV. The electrochemical investigations were performed by using cyclic voltammetry and in‐situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance experiments. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with Auger spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the deposited metal overlayers. Silver deposition from DES type III shows several analogies to the electrocrystallization from aqueous solutions, such as the presence of underpotential deposition. It is shown that the hydrogen‐bond donor exerts a strong influence on the silver growth mode and on the structure of the metal deposits. In addition, the hydrogen‐bond donor turns out to exert a rather strong influence on the plating process during silver deposition from DES type IV.
Competitive Anodic Oxidation of Methyl Paraben and Propylene Glycol: Keys to Understand the Process
Authors: Dionisio Dawany , Motheo Artur J. , Sáez Cristina , Cañizares Pablo , Rodrigo Manuel A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis work focuses on the competitive oxidation of two very different molecules, when they underwent electrochemical oxidation with diamond electrodes. To shed light on the mechanisms of this competitive oxidation, solutions containing methyl paraben and propylene glycol at different ratios are electrolyzed (using sulfate or chloride supporting electrolytes). Results obtained pointed out that removal of both species can be easily attained by the electrochemical process, being promoted the mineralization by the action of the sulfate derivative products and the formation of chlorinated hydrocarbons by the action of chlorine oxidants, although the mechanisms of the oxidation do not depend on the primary anion contained in the waste. The higher the concentration of species to be oxidized, the higher is the amount of intermediates and the slower is the mineralization the ratio influences. An important outcome is that there is a limit concentration in each one organic compound interferes on the degradation of a pollutant. Thus, the interference effect of PG on MeP oxidation was only observed for low MeP/PG ratios.
London Dispersion Interactions in Pnictogen Cations [ECl2]+ and [E=E]2+ (E=P, As, Sb) Supported by Anionic N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Ho Luong Phong , Nasr Alexandre , Jones Peter G. , Altun Ahmet , Neese Frank , Bistoni Giovanni , Tamm Matthias 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSeveral pnictogen dihalide complexes of the type (WCA‐IDipp)EX2 (E=P, As, Sb; X=Cl, Br) that bear an anionic N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand with a weakly coordinating borate moiety (WCA‐IDipp, WCA=B(C6F5)3, IDipp=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene) were prepared by salt metathesis reactions between the respective pnictogen trihalides EX3 and the lithium salt (WCA‐IDipp)Li⋅toluene. Two‐electron reduction of the dihalides (WCA‐IDipp)EX2 with 1,3‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrazine or elemental magnesium afforded the dipnictenes (WCA‐IDipp)2E2, which display typical element‐element double bonds as observed in diaryldiphosphenes, ‐arsenes and ‐stibenes. To provide an insight into the factors contributing to the structural stability of the pnictogen dihalide and dipnictene compounds, quantum chemical calculations were performed at the domain‐based local pair natural orbital coupled‐cluster (DLPNO‐CCSD(T)) level. A local energy decomposition (LED) analysis of the interaction between the carbene and the pnictogen dihalide or dipnictene moiety demonstrates that London dispersion is an essential factor for the stabilization of these compounds.
Electrochemical Oxidative C—H Sulfenylation of Imidazopyridines with Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yuan Yong , Cao Yangmin , Qiao Jin , Lin Yueping , Jiang Xiaomei , Weng Yaqing , Tang Shan , Lei Aiwen 
Published: October 2018

Summary of main observation and conclusionSelective oxidative C—H sulfenylation of imidazopyridine heterocycles is achieved using an undivided electrolytic cell. The reaction avoids the use of stoichiometric amount of external chemical oxidant and produces hydrogen gas as the only byproduct. Both aryl and aliphatic thiols demonstrate good reactivity for C—S bond formation.
Association of galectin‐3 with markers of myocardial function, atherosclerosis, and vascular fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Anyfanti Panagiota , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Gavriilaki Eleni , Triantafyllou Areti , Dolgyras Panagiotis , Galanopoulou Vasiliki , Aslanidis Spyros , Douma Stella 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundGalectin‐3 has emerged as a promising novel biomarker of cardiovascular fibrosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases.HypothesisWe investigated whether galectin‐3 correlates with markers of vascular fibrosis, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiac function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a disease accompanied by high cardiovascular risk.MethodsRA and non‐RA individuals underwent applanation tonometry, carotid ultrasound, and impedance cardiography, to obtain markers of arterial stiffness, subclinical atherosclerosis, and myocardial function, respectively. Cardiovascular risk was estimated from the Framingham Heart Study. Serum levels of galectin‐3 were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsGalectin‐3 was elevated in RA patients (n = 85) compared to controls (n = 39), but this difference was no longer significant after adjustment for the presence of cardiovascular comorbidities. In the univariate analysis, galectin‐3 significantly correlated with markers of vascular stiffness (including pulse wave velocity, central blood pressure, central and peripheral pulse pressure, and total arterial compliance); atherosclerosis (carotid intima‐media thickness); myocardial blood flow (cardiac output, stroke volume) and contractibility (acceleration and velocity index); systemic vascular resistance, and estimated cardiovascular risk. Multivariate analysis models revealed an independent association between galectin‐3 and both cardiac output (β = −0.274, P = 0.039), as well as systemic vascular resistance (β = 0.266, P = 0.039).ConclusionsIn a relatively well‐controlled cohort of RA patients with low‐grade systemic inflammation and long‐standing disease, serum galectin‐3 might be useful as a marker of cardiac function and cardiovascular fibrosis.
Orally Effective Aminoalkyl 10H‐Indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline‐11‐carboxamide Kills the Malaria Parasite by Inhibiting Host Hemoglobin Uptake
Authors: Mudududdla Ramesh , Mohanakrishnan Dinesh , Bharate Sonali S. , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Sahal Dinkar , Bharate Sandip B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA series of indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline‐C11‐carboxamides were synthesized by incorporation of aminoalkyl side chains into the core of indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline‐C11‐carboxylic acid. Their in vitro antiplasmodial evaluation against Plasmodium falciparum led to the identification of a 2‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)ethanamine‐linked analogue {2‐bromo‐N‐[2‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)ethyl]‐10H‐indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline‐11‐carboxamide (3 g)} (IC50=1.3 μm) as the most promising compound exhibiting good selectivity indices against mammalian cell lines. The kill kinetics on erythrocytic‐stage parasites revealed that 3 g caused complete killing of only the trophozoite‐stage parasites. Mechanistic studies showed that 3 g targets the food vacuole of the parasite and inhibits hemoglobin uptake, β‐hematin formation, and the basic endocytic processes of the parasite. Analogue 3 g was found to be orally bioavailable, and its curative antimalarial studies at 50 mg per kg p.o. against a Plasmodium berghei (ANKA)‐infected mouse model revealed that mice treated with 3 g showed 27–35 % suppression of parasitemia with an increase in life span relative to untreated, control mice. Thus, the present work demonstrated a proof of concept for the oral efficacy of indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline‐C11‐carboxamides.
Highly stable and Active Cu1/CeO2 Single‐Atom Catalyst for CO Oxidation: A DFT Study
Authors: Qin Lan , Cui Yun‐Qi , Deng Tao‐Li , Wei Fu‐Hua , Zhang Xiang‐Fei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe carried out density functional theory simulations to examine the stability and CO oxidation activity of single Cu atoms supported on CeO2(111). Both the strong binding energy and high activation energy for Cu single atom diffusion indicate a high stability of the Cu1/CeO2 single‐atom catalyst. Electronic structure analysis verifies the formation of Cu+ cation due to electron transfer. The frequency analysis further corroborates that the experimentally observed IR bands around 2114–2130 cm−1 of CO adsorption at the boundary of Cu/CeO2 correspond to Cu+‐carbonyl species. Cu1/CeO2 single‐atom catalyst displays a promising catalytic activity for CO oxidation via Mars van Krevelen mechanism.
A Critical View of Microbial Fuel Cells: What Is the Next Stage?
Authors: Mateo Sara , Cañizares Pablo , Fernandez‐Morales Francisco Jesus , Rodrigo Manuel A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) have garnered interest from the scientific community since the beginning of this century and this has caused a considerable increase in the scientific production of MFCs. However, the ability of MFCs to generate power has not increased considerably within this timeframe. In recent years, the power generated by MFCs has remained at an almost contact level owing to difficulties in the scale‐up of the technology and thus the application of MFCs for powering systems with high energy demands will not be fully developed, at least within a short temporal horizon. Scale‐up by increasing the size of the electrodes has failed, because of the wrong assumption that a linear function describes the relationship between the amount of power generated by a MFC and its size. However, more efficient energy generation upon working with small MFCs has been described. This has led to a new approach for scaling up on the basis of miniaturization and replication. Then, MFCs can be connected electrically in series to increase the overall potential and in parallel to increase the overall current. However, cell‐voltage reversal and ionic short‐circuit issues must be solved for this approach to be successful. Nowadays, the applicability of MFC technology in wastewater treatment does not make any sense in light of the power levels reached, despite the fact that MFCs were seen as a paramount opportunity less than a decade ago. However, MFCs can be used for wastewater treatment with coupled energy generation, as well as for other technologies such as biosensors and biologically inspired robots.
Sixth‐order differential Sallen‐and‐Key switched capacitor LPF using a‐IGZO TFTs
Authors: Wadhwa Nishtha , Bahubalindruni Pydi Ganga , Chapagai Kamal , Goes Joao , Deb Sujay , Barquinha Pedro 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper presents sixth‐order fully differential active low pass RC and switched‐capacitor (SC) filters using N‐type IGZO thin‐film transistors for flexible wearable continuous health monitoring systems. As a first step, a low‐gain amplifier using a diode‐connected load and a fully differential amplifier is designed with positive feedback based on capacitor bootstrapping. These amplifiers present a gain around 5.03 and 40 dB, respectively, whereas their respective GBW product are around 450 and 200 kHz. Then these amplifiers are employed to realize biquads, with which a sixth‐order Sallen‐Key low‐pass RC and SC filters are implemented. The SC filter realized with low‐gain DDA has shown a simulated THD of −30.9 dB, SFDR of 30.1 dB, and a power consumption of 456 μW. On the other hand, the SC filter presents a THD of −31.4 dB, SFDR of 32.2 dB, and a power consumption of 573 μW with high‐gain differential difference amplifier (DDA) when a power supply of 10 V is used. Circuit simulations have been carried out in Cadence Virtuoso using in‐house IGZO TFT models.
Interlaboratory comparison of the TransFix®/EDTA Vacuum Blood Collection tube with the 5 mL Cyto‐Chex® BCT
Authors: Harrison Daniel , Ward Rosalie , Bastow Sarah , Parr Andrew , Macro Susan , Wallace Paul K. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundAn interlaboratory study was performed to compare the performance of the 3 mL TransFix®/EDTA Vacuum Blood Collection Tube (TVT), with the 5 mL Cyto‐Chex® BCT tube (BCT). Both devices are intended for collection and storage of whole blood specimens for immunophenotyping of leukocytes by flow cytometry for up to 14 days.MethodsOne site in the United States and two in the United Kingdom tested samples from 10 HIV positive patients and four healthy subjects for a total of 42 samples. From each subject, three blood samples were collected: a BD 4 mL K3EDTA Vacutainer (Vacutainer), a TVT, and a BCT. At all sites, samples were analyzed on a BD FACS Canto II flow cytometer for a full lymphocyte subset count within 6 h of collection (all devices) and on Day 11 and Day 15 (TVT and BCT only). Data obtained from the Vacutainer were used as the control data set with which TVT and BCT data were statistically compared.Results and ConclusionsStatistical concordance was demonstrated for both devices in relation to cell absolute count recovery. For cell marker signal, both devices exhibited a significant decrease in mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for the detection of lymphocyte subsets and their target markers. There was a marked increase in autofluorescence observed for BCT stabilized lymphocytes whereas values for the TVTs were comparable to the control. There were eight instances of statistical equivalence between the level of antibody autofluorescence observed in the control tube and the TVT across both patient cohorts, versus two for the BCT. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Evaluation of mathematical models to estimate end‐to‐end traffic in a backbone network
Authors: Emami Mohsen , Akbari Reza , Zamani Ali 
Published: October 2018

SummaryEnd‐to‐end network traffic analysis is one of the most important factors in design, development, and traffic engineering of large‐scale backbone networks. Despite the importance of end‐to‐end traffic, it is not applicable to measure it directly using protocols such as NetFlow in large‐scale networks due to high computational cost. One technique to tackle this problem is estimating end‐to‐end traffic using easily measured neighboring link loads. Tomography model relates these two parameters with linear equations. In this way, the problem turns into an inverse problem. Since the number of link loads is usually smaller than the number of end‐to‐end flows in a computer network, traffic matrix estimation is considered to be an ill‐posed problem. In this paper, we propose two different methods for estimation of end‐to‐end traffic matrix by means of link load measurements. One of the methods deploys Kalman filter and the other is developed based on Tikhonov regularization with respect to the existence of temporal autocorrelation among traffics. We also propose a best estimation model based on least squares, which explores the temporal autocorrelation in end‐to‐end traffics. This model is used as the best estimator and has been compared with other methods. We have evaluated the efficiency of the proposed methods using real datasets from Abilene and GÉANT backbone networks. It is worth noting that the proposed methods in this paper also can be used in any inverse problem with temporal autocorrelation
Adaptive envelope process and minimum service curve applied to resource block allocation in the LTE downlink
Authors: Abrahão Diego Cruz , Vieira Flávio Henrique Teles 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIn this work, we propose a resource allocation algorithm for the LTE downlink that makes use of an adaptive multifractal envelope process and a minimum service curve. The proposed scheduling algorithm aims to improve some network parameters while guaranteeing a maximum delay to the user by considering the following information: backlog, channel condition and user traffic behavior. In order to estimate the maximum network delay, we propose an adaptive minimum service curve for the LTE network that can be used for admission control purposes in the resource allocation algorithm. The performance of the proposed scheduling algorithm is compared to those of several scheduling schemes known in the literature through computational simulations of the LTE downlink. In order to develop a new adaptive envelope process and to precisely describe network flows, we propose an adaptive algorithm to estimate the parameters of the Multifractal Wavelet Model (MWM). The proposed envelope process is compared to the main traffic model based envelope processes known in the literature. Simulations of the LTE downlink considering AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding) are carried out showing the efficiency of the proposed resource allocation approach that considers adaptive estimation of network traffic parameters.