bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rendimiento y características agronómicas de frijol de temporal en generaciones tempranas
Authors: Rosales Serna R. , Aguilera Charles D. M. , Acosta-Gallegos J. A. 
Published: October 2018

In the bean breeding program of the semiarid region of Mexico, the selection for seed yield is delayed to late generations. The present study was conducted to measure the level of heterosis, heterobeltiosis and inbreeding depression upon several agronomic traits in segregating populations of rainfed beans. Four populations derived from black seeded parents in the F2 and F3 generations, and seven derived from colored beans in the F3 and F4 generations were sown under rainfed conditions. Parents were also included in the trial. Among the black seeded populations, the one derived from the cross BA T 76 X Negro Qro. showed, in both generations, the highest values for seed yield, total dry matter and heterosis, as well as the highest heterobeltiosis value in the F3 generation. In the colored group, the population derived from the cross 102-M X Bayo Victoria showed the highest values for seed yield and heterosis in both generations, and was the only one that showed heterobeltiosis in both generations. The populations that showed high seed yield and heterosis in the first generation, retained these characteristics in the latter one and were derived from the best parents. The results indicate that in dry beans it is possible to predict the best crosses and to identify the high yielding populations in early generations.
Rentabilidad del sistema de abonera en el Litoral Atlántico de Honduras
Authors: Sain Gustavo , Ponce Ignacio , Borbón Erick 
Published: October 2018

A rotation system of corn (Zea mays L.) with Mucuna sp. has spread along the Atlantic Littoral of Honduras, known by the farmers as "abonera". Due that there is little known about the factors intluencing the adoption process, the present study was eondueted to identify them, as well as to determine the profitability of the system in the short and the long run and to set up the factors and mechanisms affecting this profitability. The study was conducted in the Department of Atlantida and comprises part of the Distric of La Ceiba and the Districs of Jutiapa, San Francisco and Tela. An expansion of the partial budget analysis and an incremental analysis for a period, in order to account for the effects along the time, were used as tools for evaluating its profitability. Six years were taken, for the analysis, as the average life span of the "abonera". It was found in the economical evaluation that the "abonera" is more profitable than the traditional system from the second year onwards. If the profitability approach is the return of the family hand labor, the "abonera" system is al so more profitable starting at the second year and remains so for the rest of the periodo.
Progreso en mejoramiento para tolerancia a endogamia en poblaciones de maíz tropical.
Authors: Vasal S. K. , Vergara N. , McLean S. 
Published: October 2018

Considering interest in line and hybrid development in recent years, CIMMYT initiated a modest hybrid development effort in in 1985. Among the various activities of the hybrid program, the development of hybridoriented germplansm source with increaseed inbreeding tolerance was regarded as an important activity. In this study nine tropical poplatíons were improved for inbreeding tolerance using S3 recurrent selection. The performance of S1 bulk and full vigor F2 seed from C0, C1 and C2 was compared to evaluate progress at 3 sites in 1991-92 using split-plot design with 4 replications. The yield of SI bulk relative to F2 was used as a measure to evaluate progress for inbreeding tolerance. Among the 9 tropical populations, the population 21 exibited a yield gain of 18% followed by population 23 (10.9%). The yicld gains measured in S1 bulks werc much higher. The maximun gains occurred in Popo 23 (31.8%), Pop. 26 (30.8%) and Pop. 21 (24.0(;70). All populations exhibited gains, however, popo 26 registered a gain of 65.4% in C2 in comparison to 45% in C0. The populations 27 and 36 expressed a high level of tolerance to inbreeding in C2 (78%). In general, yield gains were associated with s!ight increments in plant height and later maturity.
Low serum bilirubin levels associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Duman Hakan , Özyurt Songül 
Published: October 2018

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic, progressive disease that can cause cardiovascular complications and atherosclerosis. We evaluated the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), as a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, in patients with OSA.

Methods
We enrolled 84 consecutive patients with OSA. The patients underwent ultrasonography, polysomnography, and echocardiography. Blood samples were obtained from all of the subjects, which were used for biochemical comparisons. The patients were divided into groups according to cIMT values (<0.9 vs. >0.9 mm).

Results
The patient population consisted of 84 OSA patients (mean age: 54.2 + 8.0 years, 62.9% male). The OSA patients with cIMT ≥0.9 had significantly elevated high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), Oxygen desaturation index, apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), and significantly lower total and indirect bilirubin levels. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that total bilirubin, hsCRP, and AHI were the independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis. There was a negative correlation between total bilirubin and cIMT.

Conclusions
This study showed that high hsCRP and low serum total bilirubin levels could be paving the way for the development of subclinical atherosclerosis. Simple measures such as total bilirubin may provide predictive information regarding the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with OSA.
TEOR DE POTÁSSIO NA SOLUÇÃO DO SOLO COM USO DA TÉCNICA DE REFLECTOMETRIA NO DOMÍNIO DO TEMPO
Authors: Silva Tibério Santos Martins da , Coelho Eugênio Ferreira , Paz Vital Pedro da Silva , Vellame Lucas Melo , Santana Gessionei Da Silva 
Published: October 2018

TEOR DE POTÁSSIO NA SOLUÇÃO DO SOLO COM USO DA TÉCNICA DE REFLECTOMETRIA NO DOMÍNIO DO TEMPO Tibério Santos Martins da Silva1; Eugênio Ferreira Coelho2; Vital Pedro da Silva Paz3; Lucas Melo Vellame1; Gessionei da Silva Santana41Universidade Federal da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA tibério_s@hotmail.com2Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, BA3Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA4Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 1 RESUMO A avaliação do teor de íons no solo no manejo da fertirrigação é complexa devido a dificuldade de obtenção em tempo real e com o mínimo de alterações na estrutura do solo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar o teor de potássio na solução do solo, a partir de modelos matemáticos ajustados, em função da condutividade elétrica da solução do solo (CEw) coletada por extrator de solução, da umidade (q) e da condutividade elétrica aparente do solo (CEa) obtidas por um equipamento de reflectometria no domínio do tempo (TDR). Os modelos estimaram razoavelmente a Cew e a reflectometria no domínio do tempo mostrou-se adequada para o monitoramento da concentração de potássio na solução do volume de solo molhado. UNITERMOS: TDR. SILVA, T. S. M. da.; COELHO, E. F.; PAZ, V. P. da. S.; VELLAME, L. M.; SANTANA, G. da. S.; POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION IN SOIL SOLUTION USING TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY TECHNIQUE 2 ABSTRACT The evaluation of ion concentration in the soil under fertirrigation is complex due to the difficulty of obtaining it in real time, with a minimum of soil disturbance. This work aimed to estimate potassium concentration in soil solution as a function of soil solution electrical conductivity (CEw) collected by using water sampler, soil water content (q) and bulk electrical conductivity (CEa) obtained using a time domain reflectometry equipment (TDR). The models estimated reasonably CEw and time domain reflectometry was suitable for potassium concentration monitoring of wet soil volume solution. KEYWORDS: TDR.
On Cities and Entropy: A Thermodynamical View of the Large Towns
Authors: Serpa Nilo 
Published: October 2018

<p>Present article proposes the application of the concept of entropy in the study of the environmental impacts generated by a city. It is taken a strictly thermodynamic approach of cities as heat sinks that generate entropy. The formalism of caloric field theory is adopted to establish the relationship between entropy caused by thermal exchanges and the physical environmental parameters considered. The notion of evolutional global time is introduced in order to treat entropy more objectively in the context of thermodynamics. A table with the rates of change of entropy in some cities is generated. <br /> <br /><strong>Key words</strong>: Entropy, thermodynamics, irreversible processes, caloric field theory.</p><p> ===========================================================================</p><p>O presente artigo propõe a aplicação do conceito de entropia no estudo dos impactos ambientais gerados por uma cidade. É feita uma abordagem estritamente termodinâmica das cidades como dissipadores térmicos geradores de entropia. O formalismo da teoria dos campos calóricos é adotado para estabelecer a relação entre a entropia produzida pelas trocas térmicas e os parâmetros físicos ambientais considerados. O conceito de tempo global evolutivo é introduzido por modo de tratar a entropia de maneira mais objetiva no contexto da termodinâmica. É gerada uma tabela com as taxas de variação da entropia em algumas cidades. </p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Entropia, termodinâmica, processos irreversíveis, teoria de campo calórico.</p>
Neurophysiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children
Authors: Voitenkov Vladislav B. , Skripchenko Natalia V. , Klimkin Andrey V. , Grigoriyev Stepan G. 
Published: October 2018

Our aim was to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of conduction studies parameters for prognosis and differential diag nosis in children with acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) & acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP).
Methods. 40 children were included: 20 healthy controls (7-14 years) and 20 patients (8-15 years) with AIDP or AMAN. All underwent conduction studies on 3-7 day since the clinical symptoms onset. We registered and evaluated motor conduction velocity, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude of nn. tibialis, peroneus, medianus, ulnaris; sensory conduction velocity & sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude for nn. medianus, suralis, peroneus superficialis, ulnaris, H-reflex threshold & latency, reactivity of neural conductivity (RNC) in short-term hand ischemia in acute phase (3-14 day since the disease onset) and in early recovery period (15-30 day since the symptoms onset). ROC-analysis was performed.
Results. In 95% of the patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome H-reflex was absent. In first 10 days SNAP amplitude of median nerve >8.9 µV, peroneal nerve >3.6 µV, CMAP of peroneal nerve ≤0,4 µV with normal motor conduction velocity indicates AMAN presence. Motor axons of peripheral nerves in children in acute and recovery phase of AIDP are resistant towards ischemia. Prognostic criteria for long period of walk recovery (more than 30 days) in these patients are RNC on 10th minute of local ischemia ≤2.5%, ulnar nerve CMAP amplitude ≤1,1 mV and distal CMAP amplitude from median nerve ≤1.6 mV.
Conclusions. Conduction studies may be implemented on all phases of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children for prognosis and differential diagnosis between its axonal and demyelinating forms. H-reflex absence in children in the first 5 days of acute polyneuropathy may serve as additional diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barré syndrome. RNC parameters may be implemented for the prognosis of the walk period recovery duration.
MIGRATORY KITCHEN: THE EXAMPLE OF SYRIANS IN MARDIN
Authors: GÜRHAN Nazife 
Published: October 2018

Due
to immigration, lifestyle and dietary habits transform depending on the change
in the socio-economic situation, social position, and status of migrants. These
changes can be observed in various stages, such as in the availability of food
and its preparation, and consumption. This
article attempts to demonstrate the transformation in dietary habits after
immigration of people who migrated to Turkey since 2011 due to the Syrian war.
The study focused on the
city of Mardin, located in southeastern Anatolia, and was conducted in the form
of fieldwork. Using snowball sampling methods, participant observation, and
qualitative research techniques, in-depth interviews were made with 25
people who migrated to Mardin from different regions of Syria. The change in dietary habits varies greatly in parallel
with the amount of change in socio-economic status to a large extent. However,
there was some differentiation in terms of food structure and diet. This study
shows that immigrants’ views on food were different. It was observed that
Syrians continued their traditional dietary habits or fully adopt the dietary
habits of the new country or engage in a hybridization of dietary practices due
to cultural transition.
MODERN ONKOLOG HEKİMİN GELENEKSEL TIP UYGULAMALARI KARŞISINDAKİ STRATEJİLERİ
Authors: ÖĞÜTLE Vefa Saygın , SARIMURATOĞLU Duygu 
Published: October 2018

Kanser, tedavisi çok zor ya da bazı durumlarda
mümkün olmayan bir hastalıktır.&nbsp; Bu
hastalığa yakalandığında çaresizliğe düşen ve her yolu denemeyi düşünen
hastaların kanserle mücadele esnasında başvurduğu pratiklerden birisi de
geleneksel tedavi uygulamalarıdır. 10 onkolog hekimle yapılan derinlemesine
mülakatlar sonucunda, böylesi kritik bir alanda kanıta dayalı tıp yaptıklarını
savunan modern onkolog hekimlerin geleneksel tedavi hususunda iki farklı
stratejiye başvurdukları görülmüştür. Söz konusu stratejilerden ilki,
geleneksel olanı tamamen reddetmektir. İkincisi ise modern kozmolojide
geleneksel olanın yeri olmasa da geleneksel olanı bağlamından koparıp onu
modern kozmolojiye entegre etme eylemidir. Weber’in tipoloji kuramı bağlamında
ve elbette saf tip özelliklerini taşımasa da ilk grup rasyonel hekimler; ikinci
grup ise karizmatik hekimler olarak adlandırılmıştır. Rasyonel hekimlerin
biçimsel rasyonaliteye, karizmatik hekimlerin ise tözel rasyonaliteye atıfla
eyledikleri görülmüştür. Bu da bize sahada çoklu rasyonalitenin işlediğini
göstermektedir.&nbsp;
KADIN CİNAYETLERİNDE SEMBOLİK İKTİDARIN KRİZİ
Authors: URAL Haktan , ÇABUK KAYA Nilay 
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda
kamusal tartışmalarda ve akademik alanda görünürlük kazanan kadın cinayetleri
olgusunun hangi sembolik anlamlarla birlikte ortaya çıktığı, öldürücü şiddet
pratiğinin hangi kadınlıkları sembolik olarak “değersiz”, dolayısıyla da öldürülmeye
“değer”, olarak ürettiği mercek altına alınmaktadır. Hem uluslararası
literatürde hem de Türkiye üzerine incelemelerde sıklıkla niceliksel bir
yaklaşımla incelenen kadın cinayetleri olgusunun nitel bir yaklaşımla
anlaşılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, Diyarbakır’da öldürülen üç kadının
sonuçlandırılmış dava dosyaları incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın kuramsal
çerçevesini, Grzyb’in (2016) kadın cinayetleri olgusunu anlamak
için Bourdieu’nün sembolik iktidar ve
sembolik şiddet kavramlarına başvurarak
oluşturduğu kavramsal araçlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçeveden hareketle,
öldürülen kadınların sembolik iktidar mekanizmaları içerisinde itaatkar, uysal
ve saygın olmayan kadınlık temsilleriyle anlamlandırıldıkları ileri
sürülmektedir. Bu sembolik şiddet biçimi sembolik iktidarın kriz dinamiklerini
oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç olarak da öldürücü şiddet pratikleri sembolik iktidarı
onaran ve canlandıran strateji olarak işlemektedir.
Proposed Steering Mechanism Reduces Tortuosity in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: October 2018

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper OTC 28497, “Effect of the Rotary-Steerable-System Steering Mechanism on Wellbore Tortuosity in Horizontal Wells,” by Albaraa Alrushud, SPE, and Muntasar Mohammad, SPE, Baker Hughes, a GE Company, and Victor Oliveira, SPE, and Bader Zahrani, Saudi Aramco, prepared for the 2018 Offshore Technology Conference Asia, Kuala Lumpur, 20–23 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2018 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
This paper describes a new approach to evaluating the effectiveness of the rotary-steerable-system (RSS) steering mechanism on wellbore tortuosity in horizontal wells. Discussing the relative merits of a push-the-bit steering mechanism vs. a point-the-bit steering mechanism is an oversimplification; neither mechanism can deliver the wellbore quality the industry demands from RSS. The present study introduces the continuous proportional steering method (CPSM) and demonstrates how this mechanism can provide superior wellbore quality by reducing wellbore tortuosity.
Introduction
For this study, 18 wells were chosen on the basis of geology, trajectory, and bottomhole assembly (BHA). The study focused on the horizontal 6⅛- and 5⅞-in. production sections, where the wellbore quality is more critical. These sections typically require minimum changes in inclination for reservoir navigation, and any tortuosity resulting from the steering mechanism can be identified easily.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of RSS steering mechanisms available in the industry. The study was performed on wells drilled by different steering mechanisms yet logged by the same wireline service provider. Analysis of the wireline data shows that drilling with CPSM significantly reduces average tortuosity by 4 to 5 times, average dogleg severity (DLS) by 3 to 4 times, and average angle change (AAC) by 5 to 6 times. Results show that intervals drilled with CPSM are more continuous and smooth compared with push-the-bit and point-the-bit mechanisms.
RSS Mechanisms
Currently, three different steering mechanisms are considered, push-the-bit, point-the-bit, and CPSM systems.
In a typical push-the-bit steering mechanism, a force is formed against the wellbore side wall, causing the bit to push on the opposite side wall and leading to a direction change. The multiple pads mounted on the body of the RSS are activated one at a time by diverting some of the mud flow through a controller valve. The controller will orient the valve in the desired direction. Therefore, each pad that crosses against the valve will be activated, whereas the other pads will be deactivated. Consequently, the pads will go into a continuous cycle of opening and closing to meet the directional plan.
Alternatively, a typical point-the-bit steering mechanism causes the bit direction to change relative to the rest of the tool by tilting the bit with an internal deflection running through the RSS.
The Image of the Russian Revolution as the Embodiment of the Author's Understanding of History in "The Nomadism to Death" by Vladimir Maksimov
Authors: Starikova L. S. 
Published: October 2018

The study features the image of the revolution in the novel by V. Maksimov "The Nomadism to Death". The research employed the cultural-historical and mythopoetic methods, as well as the method of motivational analysis. Since the novel has a complex multistage structure, the image of the revolution is considered according to the levels of the text: 1. The real layer of time, featuring the generation of fathers, who participated in the revolution and civil war. For them, revolution is significant: this is what they lived, killed and died for. The image of revolution evokes respect and worship, as well as regret about its incomplete. On this level, the revolution is closely connected with the time of the Civil War, which became its continuation. 2. The metatext level (the level of the explicit author-narrator Mikhail Barmin) unites the metatextual construction of the novel (which includes the present, Barmin’s past and "a novel inside the novel" about the time of the revolution and the civil war) and fits into the artistic conception of the writer's time: Maksimov depicts the time as a deadly chaotic circle, guiding the destinies of his characters and the land that repeats its history again and again, and in the whole of humanity as a whole. 3. Author's point of view (implicit author) – the revolution appears in the form of chthonic creatures, monsters devouring their children, demanding blood sacrifices and human lives.
Comparison of the impacts of thermal pretreatment on waste activated sludge using aerobic and anaerobic digestion
Authors: Jo Hyungjun (Brian) , Parker Wayne , Kianmehr Peiman 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A range of thermal pretreatment conditions were used to evaluate the impact of high pressure thermal hydrolysis on the biodegradability of waste activated sludge (WAS) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It was found that pretreatment did not increase the overall extent to which WAS could be aerobically biodegraded. Thermal pretreatment transformed the biodegradable fraction of WAS (XH) to readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (COD) (SB) (16.5–34.6%) and slowly biodegradable COD (XB) (45.8–63.6%). The impact of pretreatment temperature and duration on WAS COD fractionation did not follow a consistent pattern as changes in COD solubilization did not correspond to the observed generation of SB through pretreatment. The pretreated WAS (PWAS) COD fractionations determined from aerobic respirometry were employed in anaerobic modeling and it was concluded that the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of PWAS differed. It was found that thermal pretreatment resulted in as much as 50% of the endogenous decay products becoming biodegradable in anaerobic digestion. Overall, it was concluded that the COD fractionation that was developed based upon the aerobic respirometry was valid. However, it was necessary to implement a first-order decay process that reflected changes in the anaerobic biodegradability of the endogenous products through pretreatment.
Factors Affecting Helminth Abundances in Synanthropic Rodents of an Urban Environment
Authors: Hancke Diego , Suárez Olga Virginia 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Current levels of urbanization cause changes in the ecology of hosts, the pathogens, or both, promoting the proliferation of zoonotic diseases. Rodents are a good biological model for the development of pathogen transmission models because it presence is often related to a none-adequate environmental management.

Objective:
The main goal of this paper was to study the changes in the abundance of helminth populations in synanthropic rodents of an urban landscape.

Methods:
A total of 92 R. norvegicus and 65 M. musculus were captured in the City of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and were screened for parasites. The variations in helminth abundances were studied at host population scale to determine the factors, such as the type of environment, meteorological conditions and demographic parameters of the hosts, which have an effect on helminth infection rates.

Results:
Parasites with intermediate hosts or free living larval stages in their life cycle were the most affected. It was found how rodents’ use of the habitats in the different urban environments has an effect on the helminth infection levels. Besides, the importance of season on helminth abundance was determined, suggesting that climatic conditions are crucial for parasite survival and transmission.

Conclusion:
This information is relevant because it not only allows us to deepen the ecological dynamics of parasites in urban rodents, but also shows that environmental conditions are determinants for the persistence of helminth populations in a city.