bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identity, agency and institutional work in higher education: a qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Adler Chloé , Lalonde Carole 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to synthesize a body of research addressing changes in academic identity brought on by neo-liberal university management while proposing a new interpretation based on the institutional work theory and a relational approach to agency.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyzed 19 qualitative empirical studies regarding the impact of new public management policies on academic identity within universities from different countries to support a qualitative meta-synthesis.FindingsThe meta-synthesis established a classification of work identity and self-identity that reflects variable but globally difficult experiences with the universities’ neo-liberal management. The results also indicate that, paradoxically, academics contribute to the perpetuation of managerialism through protection strategies and institutional maintenance work while acknowledging their painful effects on their identity. Despite the control and monitoring measures put in place by university administrations, academics have assumed a pragmatic approach to identity by using the prevailing spaces of autonomy and engaging in constant self-questioning. Those involved could make better use of these free spaces by adopting projective agency, that is by expanding the areas of support, collaboration and creativity that, by their own admission, make up the academic profession.Originality/valueThis meta-synthesis sheds light on the limits of current academic identity research while advancing studies conducted on institutional work, primarily by highlighting the type of agency used by actors during institutional change; at a practical level, this research promotes discussion on the manner in which academics could use their agency and reflexive skills by pushing their institutional work surrounding identity recreation further.
Comparative advantage of Ethiopian textile and apparel industry
Authors: Rundassa Merertu Wakuma , Azene Daniel Kitaw , Berhan Eshetie 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Ethiopia’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, but starting form 2010, the government has been determined to diversify the exports with a priority set for strategic sectors like light manufacturing in which textile and apparel manufacturing industries are included. The purpose of this paper is to measure the comparative advantages of the Ethiopian textile and apparel industry using the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) in the period from 2007 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach
For the purpose of the paper, secondary data were collected from the UN comtrade site, and related data sources were cited in the literature review for the purpose of triangulation (cross-checking of the analysis with theoretical background). From the theoretical background, the two indices of RCA (Balassa index and Lafay index) were used for the evaluation of the industries’ competitive advantage and to identify which industry (textiles or apparel) was of more importance in the country.

Findings
The findings of the study showed that Ethiopia was more competitive in the textile sector. However, and with reference to the Lafay index, the country has been focusing on apparel sector, because of the opportunities for job creation.

Research limitations/implications
For the purpose of this study, secondary data were used and the general conclusions are limited to the corresponding sources of data.

Practical implications
Because of the labor-intensive nature, the textile and apparel sector has been one of the areas promoted by the Ethiopian Government in its industrialization policy. The finding of this paper can be used by policy makers to evaluate the competitiveness of the country.

Social implications
The findings can be used to assess social upgrading issues in the textile and apparel sector.

Originality/value
The work is the first of its kind in the sector as well as the country.
Quality detection of laser additive manufacturing process based on coaxial vision monitoring
Authors: Chen Bo , Yao Yongzhen , Huang Yuhua , Wang Wenkang , Tan Caiwang , Feng Jicai 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the influences of different process parameters, including laser power, scanning speed, defocusing distance and scanning mode, on the shape features of molten pool and, based on the obtained relationship, realize the diagnosis of forming defects during the process.

Design/methodology/approach
Molten pool was captured on-line based on a coaxial CCD camera mounted on the welding head, then image processing algorithms were developed to obtain melt pool features that could reflect the forming status, and it suggested that the molten pool area was the most sensitive characteristic. The influence of the processing parameters such as laser power, traverse speed, powder feed rate, defocusing distance and the melt pool area was studied, and then the melt pool area was used as the characteristic to detect the forming defects during the cladding and additive manufacturing process.

Findings
The influences of different process parameters on molten pool area were explored. Based on the relationship, different types of defects were accurately detected through analyzing the relationship between the molten pool area and time.

Originality/value
The findings would be helpful for the quality control of laser additive manufacturing.
Ecological stoichiometry and invasive strategies of two alien species (Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha) in subtropical China
Authors: Wang JuHong , Chen Wen , Zhu Hui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo understand the growth and nutritional strategies of two alien Asteraceae species in both nutrient‐rich and nutrient‐poor environments by measuring the stoichiometric characteristics of plants and soil nutrients, two alien species Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha from subtropical zone of southeast China was studied. The two species grow in P‐rich environments and/or have a strong capacity for absorption and utilization of P. The two invasive alien species studied used diverse nutrition and growth strategies under different habitats. For B. pilosa under low‐N environments, leaves showed lower N:P and C:P than in other habitats. In contrast, roots showed greater N:P, C:P and C:N ratios, suggesting a “resource conservative strategy,” whereas under high‐N and high‐P, or high‐N and low‐P environments, B. pilosa roots had lower N:P and C:P ratios, suggesting a “growth competitive strategy.” Conversely, M. micrantha did not match either strategy in high‐ or low‐resource habitats. The growth of B. pilosa is resource‐dependent, mainly driven by C and N content, and C:N ratio in the soil, as well as allocation of P within the plant. The growth of M. micrantha is less limited by soil resources, but mainly by tradeoffs between allocation to leaves versus roots. There are various growth and nutrient strategies under different resource environments (e.g., resource conservative strategy, and/or growth competitive strategy), as well as fundamental trade‐offs between life history traits, which all contribute to the successful invasion by alien species.
Anatomical and scanning electron microscopic study of the tongue in the African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse)
Authors: Igbokwe Casmir O. , Mbajiorgu Felix E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe African giant pouched rat is a nocturnal, fossorial and omnivorous wild rodent widely distributed in sub‐Saharan Africa. The morphology of lingual surface has not previously examined and was investigated by gross dissection, stereomicroscopy, scanning electron and light microscopy. Grossly, it was elongated and dorso‐ventrally flattened with rounded tip. It measured 3.48 ± 0.33 cm in length, with a median groove of 1.4 ± 0.1 cm in length and well‐developed lingual prominence. Stereomicroscopically, filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae were indicated in the apex, body and root. Fungiform papillae intermingled with filiform on the ventral and dorsal surface of the apex and body. Three vallate papillae were located in triangular arrangement on the root. The surface ultrastructural features distinguished four types of filiform which varied in size, shape and distribution: first type with long pointed process was preponderant on the apex and body of tongue; the second with robust base was located on central lingual prominence; the third (caudal body) was conically shaped with pointed process; and the fourth type (root) had forked filamentous process. Large oval‐shaped fungiform papillae were apparent. Each vallate was surrounded by a circumferential groove into which taste pores opened. Histologically, the tongue surface displayed moderately keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and lamina propria that varied in places. Fungiform and vallate showed spindle‐shaped taste buds. Serous and mucous acini containing neutral and acidic mucins were observed in lamina propria of root. The structural adaptations of the tongue to omnivorous diet and food manipulation in oral cavity were comparatively discussed.
Anatomy and histology of the rabbit common calcanean tendon
Authors: Skalec Aleksandra , Janeczek Maciej , Czerski Albert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDespite the great progress in the field of tendon injuries and chronic tendinopathies in recent years, treatment of these conditions is still challenging. Research utilising animal models is crucial for further advancement in tendon research, with the rabbit being a commonly used species in this field. The objective of the present study was to comprehensively describe the macro‐ and microanatomy of the common calcanean tendon (tendo Achillei), together with associated structures. Eight female New Zealand rabbits were subjected to anatomical dissection and histologic analysis, revealing significant species‐specific features. The soleus muscle presented a thin, spindle shape with no tendon of insertion and attached directly to the lateral gastrocnemius muscle. Therefore, it does not contribute to the formation of the common calcanean tendon. The calcaneal tendon of the semitendinosus muscle was identified as a strong tendinous band at the medial side of the medial gastrocnemius muscle and the superficial digital flexor muscle and tendon distally. The saphenous artery was accompanied by the medial saphenous vein and characteristic accessory medial saphenous vein. The complex structure of the paratendinous connective tissue is described, with the paratenon being contiguous with the epitenon of the individual tendons and epimysium of associated muscles. At the level of the calcaneal tuber, the retromalleolar fat pad was identified, adhering to the cranial surface of the conjoint gastrocnemius tendon. Histologic studies confirmed the presence of the subtendinous calcaneal bursa of superficial digital flexor tendon and the bursa of calcaneal tendon.
Severe maternal morbidity due to obstetric haemorrhage: Potential preventability
Authors: Lepine Sam J. , Geller Stacie E. , Pledger Megan , Lawton Beverley , MacDonald Evelyn Jane 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundHaemorrhage in pregnancy may be life‐threatening to woman and infant. The impact of severe obstetric haemorrhage can be reduced by detecting high‐risk women, implementing guidelines and treatment plans, early detection of hypovolaemia and timely appropriate treatment.AimsTo describe cases of severe maternal morbidity caused by obstetric haemorrhage in New Zealand and investigate the potential preventability of these cases.Materials and MethodsA multidisciplinary expert review panel was established to review cases of obstetric haemorrhage admitted to intensive care or high‐dependency units over an 18‐month span in New Zealand. Cases were critically analysed by a multidisciplinary team of clinicians to determine the potential preventability.ResultsOne hundred and twenty cases were identified, most commonly due to postpartum haemorrhage with 36% (n = 43) deemed potentially preventable, mainly due to delay or failure of diagnosis (65%, 28/43) and/or failure or delay in treatment (91%, 39/43). Twenty‐three per cent of cases (28/120) resulted in peripartum hysterectomy of which one‐third were deemed potentially preventable.ConclusionsPrompt recognition and treatment in accordance with evidence‐based guidelines is imperative to decrease the burden of morbidity from obstetric haemorrhage. An emphasis on training clinicians to identify haemorrhage in a timely way may avoid unnecessary obstetric emergencies and can improve maternity and neonatal outcomes.
International consensus statement on the use of uterotonic agents during caesarean section
Authors: Heesen M. , Carvalho B. , Carvalho J. C. A. , Duvekot J. J. , Dyer R. A. , Lucas D. N. , McDonnell N. , Orbach‐Zinger S. , Kinsella S. M. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIt is routine to give a uterotonic drug following delivery of the neonate during caesarean section. However, there is much heterogeneity in the relevant research, which has largely been performed in low‐risk elective cases or women with uncomplicated labour. This is reflected in considerable variation in clinical practice. There are significant differences between dose requirements during elective and intrapartum caesarean section. Standard recommended doses are higher than required, with the potential for acute cardiovascular adverse effects. We recommend a small initial bolus dose of oxytocin, followed by a titrated infusion. The recommended doses of oxytocin may have to be increased in women with risk factors for uterine atony. Carbetocin at equipotent doses to oxytocin has similar actions, while avoiding the requirement for a continuous infusion after the initial dose and reducing the need for additional uterotonics. As with oxytocin, carbetocin dose requirements are higher for intrapartum caesarean sections. A second‐line agent should be considered early if oxytocin/carbetocin fails to produce good uterine tone. Women with cardiac disease may be very sensitive to the adverse effects of oxytocin and other uterotonics, and their management needs to be individualised.
Adding heat‐treated rapeseed to the diet of yak improves growth performance and tenderness and nutritional quality of the meat
Authors: Hao Lizhuang , Xiang Yang , Degen Allan , Huang Yayu , Niu Jianzhang , Sun Lu , Chai Shatuo , Zhou Jianwei , Ding Luming , Long Ruijun , Liu Shujie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHeat‐treated rapeseed was supplemented to indoor fed yaks in winter to test the effect on dry matter intake (DMI), body mass change, and meat quality. Sixteen 3‐year‐old yak steers (124 ± 15.3 kg) were divided randomly into two groups and were offered either heat‐treated rapeseed (HTR) or rapeseed meal (CONT). The yaks were allowed 14 days for adjustment and measurements were made over 120 d. There was no difference in DMI between groups (p = 0.67), but average daily gain tended to be higher (p < 0.056) and feed to gain ratio tended to be lower (p = 0.050) in HTR than in CONT yaks. Meat from HTR yaks was more tender (p = 0.006), had higher intramuscular fat (p = 0.013), and had lower cholesterol content (p = 0.009) than from CONT yaks. In addition, the atherogenic index was lower (0.37 vs. 0.43; p = 0.049), the PUFA:SFA ratio was higher (0.55 vs. 0.37; p = 0.049), and the n‐6:n‐3 (n‐6 PUFA to n‐3 PUFA) ratio was lower (2.76 vs. 4.78; p = 0.003) in HTR than in CONT yaks, which all favoured the HTR yaks. Meat from HTR yaks met human health standards of a PUFA:SFA ratio of above 0.4 and n‐6:n‐3 ratio of less than 4, whereas meat from CONT yaks just missed these standards.
Lurasidone inhibits NMDA receptor antagonist‐induced functional abnormality of thalamocortical glutamatergic transmission via 5‐HT7 receptor blockade
Authors: Okada Motohiro , Fukuyama Kouji , Ueda Yuto 
Published: July 2019

Background and PurposeLurasidone is an atypical mood‐stabilizing antipsychotic with a unique receptor‐binding profile, including 5‐HT7 receptor antagonism; however, the detailed effects of 5‐HT7 receptor antagonism on various transmitter systems relevant to schizophrenia, particularly the thalamo‐insular glutamatergic system and the underlying mechanisms, are yet to be clarified.Experimental ApproachWe examined the mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of lurasidone by measuring the release of l‐glutamate, GABA, dopamine, and noradrenaline in the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN), mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MDTN) and insula of freely moving rats in response to systemic injection or local infusion of lurasidone or MK‐801 using multiprobe microdialysis with ultra‐HPLC.Key ResultsSystemic MK‐801 (0.5 mg·kg−1) administration increased insular release of l‐glutamate, dopamine, and noradrenaline but decreased GABA release. Systemic lurasidone (1 mg·kg−1) administration also increased insular release of l‐glutamate, dopamine, and noradrenaline but without affecting GABA. Local lurasidone administration into the insula (3 μM) did not affect MK‐801‐induced insular release of l‐glutamate or catecholamine, whereas local lurasidone administration into the MDTN (1 μM) inhibited MK‐801‐induced insular release of l‐glutamate and catecholamine, similar to the 5‐HT7 receptor antagonist SB269970.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe present results indicate that MK‐801‐induced insular l‐glutamate release is generated by activation of thalamo‐insular glutamatergic transmission via MDTN GABAergic disinhibition resulting from NMDA receptor inhibition in the MDTN and RTN. Lurasidone inhibited this MK‐801‐evoked insular l‐glutamate release through inhibition of excitatory 5‐HT7 receptor in the MDTN. These effects on thalamo‐insular glutamatergic transmission may contribute to the antipsychotic and mood‐stabilizing actions of lurasidone.
Functional characterization of a novel opioid, PZM21, and its effects on the behavioural responses to morphine
Authors: Kudla Lucja , Bugno Ryszard , Skupio Urszula , Wiktorowska Lucja , Solecki Wojciech , Wojtas Adam , Golembiowska Krystyna , Zádor Ferenc , Benyhe Sándor , Buda Szymon , Makuch Wioletta , Przewlocka Barbara , Bojarski Andrzej J. , Przewlocki Ryszard 
Published: July 2019

Background and PurposeThe concept of opioid ligands biased towards the G protein pathway with minimal recruitment of β‐arrestin‐2 is a promising approach for the development of novel, efficient, and potentially nonaddictive opioid therapeutics. A recently discovered biased μ‐opioid receptor agonist, PZM21, showed analgesic effects with reduced side effects. Here, we aimed to further investigate the behavioural and biochemical properties of PZM21.Experiment ApproachWe evaluated antinociceptive effects of systemic and intrathecal PZM21 administration. Its addiction‐like properties were determined using several behavioural approaches: conditioned place preference, locomotor sensitization, precipitated withdrawal, and self‐administration. Also, effects of PZM21 on morphine‐induced antinociception, tolerance, and reward were assessed. Effects of PZM21 on striatal release of monoamines were evaluated using brain microdialysis.Key ResultsPZM21 caused long‐lasting dose‐dependent antinociception. It did not induce reward‐ and reinforcement‐related behaviour; however, its repeated administration led to antinociceptive tolerance and naloxone‐precipitated withdrawal symptoms. Pretreatment with PZM21 enhanced morphine‐induced antinociception and attenuated the expression of morphine reward. In comparison to morphine, PZM21 administration induced a moderate release of dopamine and a robust release of 5‐HT in the striatum.Conclusions and ImplicationsPZM21 exhibited antinociceptive efficacy, without rewarding or reinforcing properties. However, its clinical application may be restricted, as it induces tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Notably, its ability to diminish morphine reward implies that PZM21 may be useful in treatment of opioid use disorders.
Butyrate ameliorates caerulein‐induced acute pancreatitis and associated intestinal injury by tissue‐specific mechanisms
Authors: Pan Xiaohua , Fang Xin , Wang Fei , Li Hongli , Niu Wenying , Liang Wenjie , Wu Chengfei , Li Jiahong , Tu Xing , Pan Li‐Long , Sun Jia 
Published: July 2019

Background and PurposeAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdominal condition, frequently associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, which aggravates AP retroactively. Butyrate exhibits anti‐inflammatory effects in a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect on AP and the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated.Experimental ApproachExperimental AP was induced by caerulein hyperstimulation in wild‐type and GPR109A−/− mice. Sodium butyrate was administered intragastrically for 7 days prior to caerulein hyperstimulation. Anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of butyrate were further investigated in peritoneal macrophages.Key ResultsButyrate prophylaxis attenuated AP as shown by reduced serum amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic oedema, myeloperoxidase activity, and improved pancreatic morphology. Amelioration of pancreatic damage by butyrate was associated with reduced levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and CCL2 and suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in both pancreas and colon. Further, butyrate ameliorated pancreatic inflammation by suppressing interactions between histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and AP1 and STAT1 with increased histone acetylation at H3K9, H3K14, H3K18, and H3K27 loci, resulting in suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulation of immune cell infiltration in pancreas. Additionally, butyrate mediated STAT1/AP1‐NLRP3 inflammasome suppression via HDAC1 inhibition was demonstrated in peritoneal macrophage. In colon, butyrate inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation via GPR109A. Accordingly, the modulatory effects of butyrate on AP, AP‐associated gut dysfunction, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were diminished in GPR109A−/− mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur study dissected tissue‐specific anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of butyrate during AP, suggesting that increased colonic levels of butyrate may be a strategy to protect against AP.
Paediatric and young adult manifestations and outcomes of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Authors: Herath Madhuni , Parameswaran Venkat , Thompson Michael , Williams Michelle , Burgess John 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContextMultiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN 1) is an autosomal dominant disease presenting as hyperplasia and neoplasia of parathyroid, pituitary and enteropancreatic tissues. Over 90% of gene carriers develop phenotypic disease by age 30 years, potentially with onset of asymptomatic disease during childhood and adolescence.ObjectiveTo describe the paediatric and young adult manifestations of MEN 1.DesignDescriptive retrospective study of 180 patients with a common MEN1 genotype. The paediatric and young adult (age <22 years) manifestations were determined using hospital records and disease surveillance data.ResultsPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was identified in 42 patients (mean age 17.2 ± 3.3 years). Parathyroidectomy was performed in 16 (38.1%; mean age 17.8 ± 3.2). Four patients experienced recurrent PHPT (25%), and six (37.5%) developed permanent hypoparathyroidism. Pituitary disease was identified in 13 patients. Prolactinoma was found in nine patients (mean age 16.6 ± 2.6 years) of whom four (44.4%) had macroprolactinoma. Two patients required surgical intervention; dopamine agonists showed efficacy in six patients. Two patients with Cushing's disease were successfully treated surgically. Three patients with nonfunctioning pituitary microadenoma managed conservatively. Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) were diagnosed in 12 patients (mean age 17.0 ± 2.6 years): three patients with insulinoma successfully resected (two resected and one exhibiting perineural invasion) and nine patients with nonfunctioning adenomas (NFAs).ConclusionPituitary adenomas, PHPT and pNENs are encountered in the paediatric and young adult MEN 1 population. Successful outcomes are typically achieved using standard medical and surgical paradigms; however, parathyroidectomy was associated with a substantial complication rate.