bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work engagement of hospital workers in times of pressure: do nonclinical hospital workers react differently from their well-studied clinical colleagues?
Authors: Penturij-Kloks Monique , Keijsers Carolina J.P.W. , Enting Manon , De Gans Simon T. , Kilroy Steven , Scheele Fedde , Joosen Margot 
Published: November 2024

PurposeWhile prevalence and value of nonclinical hospital workers, like quality or education professionals, increase, their work engagement is understudied. Work engagement of nonclinical and clinical hospital workers is critical considering the pressure of major challenges in healthcare. The pandemic was a natural experiment for this.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted an observational survey study among all nonclinical and clinical hospital workers of the Jeroen Bosch Hospital, the Netherlands. In an employee satisfaction survey, we measured work engagement under acute pressure (just after the first COVID-19 wave in July 2020) and chronic pressure (within the second COVID-19 wave in November 2020) and to what extent psychological demands and co-worker support were related to work engagement.FindingsFor all hospital staff, “average” levels of work engagement were found under acute (response rate 53.9%, mean 3.94(0.81)) and chronic pressure (response rate 34.0%, mean 3.88(0.95)). Under acute pressure, nonclinical hospital workers scored lower on the subcategory dedication than clinical workers (mean 4.28(1.05) vs mean 4.45(0.99), p < 0.001). Under chronic pressure, no differences were found. For both nonclinical and clinical hospital workers, co-worker support was positively related to overall work engagement (beta 0.309 and 0.372). Psychological demands were positively related to work engagement for nonclinical hospital workers (beta 0.130), whereas in clinical hospital workers, psychological demands were negatively related to vigor (beta −0.082).Practical implicationsHospitals face times of pressure. Fostering co-worker support under pressure may be vital for hospital management.Originality/valueWork engagement of nonclinical hospital workers is understudied.
Malignancies in patients with psoriasis during and after biological therapy: A single‐center experience
Authors: Sakai Hiroyuki , Minami‐Hori Masako , Kuwahara Shiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver a 14‐year period from 2010 to 2023, we treated 86 psoriasis patients with various biological agents at Asahikawa City Hospital, and 12 malignancies occurred in 11 of the patients. The numbers of malignancies by organ were as follows: four urogenital, three hematological, two gastrointestinal, one breast, one thyroid, and one lung. In two patients without cancer‐related symptoms, elevated serum Krebs von den Lungen‐6 levels led to the detection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or thyroid cancer, and they did not have interstitial lung disease. Dermatologists should be aware of the increased incidence of malignancy in patients with psoriasis requiring treatment with biologics.
1,8‐Dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin provides unequal protection to black fungi Knufia petricola and Cryomyces antarcticus from UV‐B radiation
Authors: Catanzaro Ilaria , Gorbushina Anna A. , Onofri Silvano , Schumacher Julia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBlack fungi on rock surfaces endure a spectrum of abiotic stresses, including UV radiation. Their ability to tolerate extreme conditions is attributed to the convergent evolution of adaptive traits, primarily highly melanized cell walls. However, studies on fungal melanins have not provided univocal results on their photoprotective functions. Here, we investigated whether the black fungi Knufia petricola and Cryomyces antarcticus only use DHN melanin or may employ alternative mechanisms to counteract UV‐induced damage. For this, melanized wild types and non‐melanized Δpks1 mutants were exposed to different doses of UV‐B (312 nm) followed by incubation in constant darkness or in light–dark cycles to allow light‐dependent DNA repair by photolyases (photoreactivation). C. antarcticus could tolerate higher UV‐B doses but was sensitive to white light, whereas K. petricola showed the opposite trend. DHN melanin provided UV‐B protection in C. antarcticus, whereas the same pigment or even carotenoids proved ineffective in K. petricola. Both fungi demonstrated functional photoreactivation in agreement with the presence of photolyase‐encoding genes. Our findings reveal that although the adaptive trait of DHN melanization commonly occurs across black fungi, it is not equally functional and that there are species‐specific adaptations towards either UV‐induced lesion avoidance or repair strategies.
Political corruption and cost stickiness: Evidence from China
Authors: Quan Xiaofeng , Dai Narisa Tianjing , Guo Chenhao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of local corruption on the cost behaviour of publicly traded firms in China over the period from 2007 to 2017. Our findings show that firms situated in regions with higher corruption levels tend to exhibit greater cost stickiness, primarily driven by managerial empire‐building incentives and rent‐seeking behaviours. This effect is particularly pronounced in firms subject to greater government intervention, weaker internal controls, fewer political connections, and less market competition. Furthermore, this corruption‐induced cost behaviour is found to negatively impact firm value. The results underscore the critical role of institutional environments, particularly corruption, in shaping corporate cost management strategies. This study provides valuable insights into how corruption influences economic outcomes for firms and offers guidance for managers, regulators, and investors to address these challenges and optimise cost management practices.
Forest management affects the functional traits of birds and mammals differently
Authors: Dri G.F. , Hunter M.L. , Rolek B.W. , Evans B.E. , Mortelliti A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractForest management is an important component of global change as more than half of the world's forests are managed for human use. Although the effect of forest management on taxonomic diversity is well‐studied, we do not fully understand its impact on functional diversity. Understanding this is important to better predict how ecosystem processes will respond to global change scenarios and to implement efficient conservation actions. We conducted two large‐scale (~81 800 km2) research projects over 4 years in temperate forests of the northeastern USA to investigate how the functional structure of bird and mammal communities are affected by forest disturbance. We surveyed 85 bird species distributed in 115 sites using point counts, and 14 mammal species across 197 sites using camera traps. For each species, we selected functional traits that summarize key features of their biology, and for each site, we collected data on the level of forest disturbance based on forest loss events. We found that functional richness increased with forest disturbance for mammals but not for birds. Our results also showed that niche breadth (diet), morphological (body mass and wing length), and physiological (litter size) factors were the main determinants of the functional structure of both groups. These findings emphasize the complexity of making predictions about responses to forest management given the heavy dependence on the context and taxa studied. Overall we observed a limited response of functional diversity to forest management, which might indicate that the environmental changes generated by forest management in this region are less extreme than deforestation or conversion of natural forest to plantations of exotic species. Nonetheless, our results underscore the importance of investigating the effects of forestry on individual traits to develop strategies for managing for ecosystem functions.
Development of a novel parent‐report measure of food allergy impact
Authors: Proctor K. B. , Estrem H. H. , Park J. , Wenzell M. L. , Ravindran M. , Sharp W. G. , Scahill L. , Vickery B. P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to develop an outcome measure for caregivers of children with food allergy.MethodsA community‐informed measure development process was utilised to generate a novel parent‐reported outcome tool for caregivers of children with food allergy. We conducted focus groups with parents and caregivers of food‐allergic (n = 18) children, following which a team of coders identified themes and generated an initial set of candidate items. These items were reviewed by content‐area experts (n = 10) using content validity indices. We then conducted a series of cognitive interviews with parents of children with food allergy (n = 12) validating the instrument draft.ResultsWe describe the results of these development steps as well as future steps to produce the final, validated form of the measure. The resultant 91‐item measure is intended for parents of children ages two to 12 years.ConclusionThis measure fills a unique need in the field by leveraging key stakeholders' perspectives to develop and subsequently validate a novel parent‐reported measure of parent and family food allergy impacts of children ages two to 12 years old.
Misaligned hope and conviction in health care
Authors: Clarke Steve , Oakley Justin , Pugh Jonathan , Wilkinson Dominic 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is often said that it is important for patients to possess hope that their treatment will be successful. We agree, but a widely appealed to type of hope—hope based on conviction (religious or otherwise), renders this assertion problematic. If conviction‐based hope influences patient decisions to undergo medical procedures, then questions are raised about the scope of patient autonomy. Libertarians permit patients to make decisions to undergo medical procedures on the basis of any considerations, including conviction‐based hopes, on grounds of respect for freedom of choice. Rational interventionists want to restrict choices made on the basis of conviction‐based hope on the grounds that choices based on hope incorporate irrationality of a sort incompatible with autonomous decision‐making. In this article, we navigate a middle path between these extremes, arguing that patient decision‐making based on conviction‐based hope ought to be acceptable and permitted in health care when it conforms to norms of practical rationality. These norms allow patients some room to make decisions to consent to undergo medical procedures informed by conviction‐based hope.
Oral decitabine/cedazuridine versus intravenous decitabine for acute myeloid leukaemia: A randomised, crossover, registration, pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Geissler Klaus , Koristek Zdenek , del Castillo Teresa Bernal , Novák Jan , Rodríguez‐Macías Gabriela , Metzelder Stephan K. , Illes Arpad , Mayer Jiří , Arnan Montserrat , Keating Mary‐Margaret , Krauter Jürgen , Lunghi Monia , Fracchiolla Nicola Stefano , Platzbecker Uwe , Santini Valeria , Sano Yuri , Oganesian Aram , Keer Harold , Lübbert Michael 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThis study compared decitabine exposure when administered IV (DEC‐IV) at a dose of 20 mg/m2 for 5‐days with orally administered decitabine with cedazuridine (DEC‐C), as well as the clinical efficacy and safety of DEC‐C in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) who were ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy. In all, 89 patients were randomised 1:1 to DEC‐IV or oral DEC‐C (days 1–5 in a 28‐day treatment cycle), followed by 5 days of the other formulation in the next treatment cycle. All patients received oral DEC‐C for subsequent treatment cycles until treatment discontinuation. Equivalent systemic decitabine exposures were demonstrated (5‐day area under the curve ratio between the two decitabine formulations of 99.64 [90% confidence interval 91.23%, 108.80%]). Demethylation rates also were similar (≤1.1% difference). Median overall survival (OS), clinical response and safety profile with oral DEC‐C were consistent with those previously observed with DEC‐IV. Next‐generation sequencing was performed to identify molecular abnormalities that impact OS and TP53 mutations were associated with a poor outcome. These findings support the use of oral DEC‐C in patients with AML.
Highly Sensitive and Specific Panels of Plasma Exosomal microRNAs for Identification of Malignant Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Tao Rui , Wang Dandan , Pei Wenjing , Liu Yanfei , Liu Pengcheng , Li Renming , Xu Jiegou , Ye Jing , Zhao Dahai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesWith wide application of computed tomography (CT) in early lung cancer screening, solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are frequently detected. Due to their high etiological diversity and potential for malignancy, rapid and accurate identification and malignant SPNs are crucial in the clinical management. In the present study, plasma exosomal microRNAs were identified and evaluated as sensitive and specific indicators for malignant SPNs.Materials and MethodsExosomal miRNAs isolated from the plasmas of pathologically confirmed patients with SPN (four malignant and four benign, designated as the screening set) were subjected for high throughput sequencing and eight candidate miRNAs were selected. The pre‐operation plasma levels of the candidate miRNAs in 77 patients with SPN (48 malignant and 29 benign, designated as the identification set) were detected by quantitative PCR, five miRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for malignant SPNs, and the diagnostic values of the five miRNAs each alone or combined were then analyzed by AUROC analysis. The prediction values of the identified miRNAs were further evaluated in 95 patients with SPN (double blind, 74 malignant and 21 benign, designated as the validation set).ResultsHigh‐throughput sequencing identified 45 miRNAs with statistical differences between benign and malignant SPNs. Among the eight candidate miRNAs in the identification set, miR‐1‐3p alone had the best diagnostic value, with the sensitivities and specificities of 89.6% and 100% for malignant SPNs. Unexpectedly, when miR‐1‐3p was combined with miR‐99a‐5p, both the sensitivity and specificity reached 100% for malignant SPNs. miR‐1‐3p+miR‐125b‐5p and miR‐1‐3p+miR‐218‐5p were also good indicators of malignant SPNs with sensitivities of 95.8% and 97.9%, specificities of 100% and 96.6%. Further analysis of these microRNA combinations in the validation set indicated that the PPV were 91.4%, 97.4%, and 93.5% and the NPV were 100%, 100%, and 88.9% for miR‐1‐3p+miR‐99a‐5p, miR‐1‐3p+miR‐218‐5p, and miR‐1‐3p+miR‐125b‐5p, with the sensitivities were 100%, 100%, and 97.3% and the specificities were 66.7%, 90.5%, and 76.2% for miR‐1‐3p+miR‐99a‐5p, miR‐1‐3p+miR‐218‐5p, and miR‐1‐3p+miR‐125b‐5p, respectively.ConclusionsThrough high throughput sequencing, qPCR determination of plasma microRNAs and AUROC analysis, miR‐1‐3p combined with miR‐99a‐5p, miR‐125b‐5p, or miR‐218‐5p have been found to be sensitive and specific indicators of malignant SPNs in both the identification and validation sets. Our results indicate that the panels of plasma miRNAs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for malignant SPNs.
Myoepithelial‐Rich Pleomorphic Adenoma With Novel PLAG1 Inversion on Chromosome 8, and LRP1B, PBRM1 and TCF3 Mutations
Authors: Gonzalez Maria F. , Pei Jianming , Rong Yuan , Seth Anjali 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland neoplasm worldwide (50%–70%). Most cases of PA are straightforward diagnoses. However, the diagnosis may be challenging due to the morphological diversity of PAs, which in many cases is caused by the predominance of one of the three components or the presence of metaplastic epithelium. We present the case of a 64‐year‐old male with a history of prostate cancer and right submandibular gland excision 16 years ago with an unknown previous diagnosis and recent regrowth of his mass in the surgical bed. The tumour showed a predominant spindle cell morphology, cytokeratin‐positivity, variable expression of myoepithelial markers in the cytology and surgical pathology specimens, and novel inversion of the chromosome 8, and LRP1B, PBRM1 and TCF3 mutations.
Women in the Labor Market and Experienced Political Institutions
Authors: Troiano Ugo antonio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I first present a novel finding: women who have experienced democratic institutions during their impressionable years are more likely to participate in the labor market, while controlling for factors such as country, cohort, language and various other confounding factors. I then provide evidence suggesting that discriminatory attitudes may serve as a channel for this phenomenon. Other explanations receive less support from the data.
First report of Scaphoideus titanus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Germany (Baden‐Württemberg)
Authors: Askani L. , Zimmermann O. , Zimmermann C. , Rinke F. , Jarausch B. , Hoffmann C. , Zikeli K. , Fuchs R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn August 2024, adult individuals of Scaphoideus titanus were detected for the first time in Germany on yellow sticky traps in two different vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in Baden‐Württemberg. This leafhopper is the main vector of Grapevine flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD). According to initial analyses, however, the flavescence dorée‐causing phytoplasma could not be detected in the trapped leafhoppers. An area of 80 hectares of non‐contiguous vineyards is declared as infested.
Climate Change Affects Multiple Coral Reef Fisheries Ecosystem Services
Authors: Martin Sarah M. , Robinson James P. W. , Lucas Juliette , Augustin Emilie , Govinden Rodney , Wilson Shaun K. , Graham Nicholas A. J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoral reef fisheries support livelihoods and provide an affordable source of essential dietary nutrients to coastal people. However, climate‐driven coral bleaching is dramatically altering reef habitats and changing reef fish composition, diversity, and productivity. We used data from fisheries independent surveys and artisanal trap landings to explore how reefs with different responses to coral bleaching differed in habitat configurations, fisheries catch rates, economic returns, and nutritional content. Coral‐associated fishes supported the highest catch rates, greatest species diversity, highest rates of economic returns for fishers, and a wide price range for consumers. Macroalgae‐associated fishes supported the greatest overall fisheries yields, which indicated higher fishery dependence on these habitats. Nutrient content was high in catches across all habitats, but concentrations varied by nutrient, which suggested that fishing across a range of reef habitats should provide the greatest variety of nutrients to coastal communities.
The Welfare System in the Face of War Refugees From Ukraine: The Experience of Social Workers in Poland
Authors: Necel Ryszard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article explores the experiences of social workers in Poland assisting Ukrainian War refugees in the immediate aftermath of the Russian invasion in 2022. It adopts a ‘culture of disaster’ framework, positioning social workers as professionals responding to macro‐level crises and disasters. The research is based on a quantitative survey (computer‐assisted web interview [CAWI]) of social workers in municipalities with the highest refugee populations (N = 402). The article shows that the majority of social workers were primarily involved in an emergency response, focusing on meeting basic social needs. However, their involvement in social inclusion and advocacy was significantly less common. Social workers reported high levels of community support and valued working with local communities. The research highlights the challenges faced during the crisis, including professional overload, inadequate regulatory frameworks and the perception of local welfare centres as the only support structures for refugees.
Changed Reality, Changed Positions: The Case Study of Eritrean Women Refugees in Times of Global Pandemic
Authors: Arev Tamar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines the emerging position of women refugees during a global crisis. On the basis of an empirical study of the Eritrean community in Tel Aviv, Israel, I analysed the ways in which gender identity is formulated and recreated following the social and economic restrictions of the Covid‐19 pandemic. In contrast to previous literature which has highlighted men's central position in forced migrant communities, I suggest viewing the global pandemic as an accelerator of women's presence in two circles of belonging: the family unit and the Eritrean community. I argue that structural changes imposed by the pandemic have established new gender roles and divisions of power, positioning women as a source of authority and a subject of choice. As a significant proportion of Eritrean men lost their income during the pandemic, they were forced to adopt a different role within the family unit. Eritrean women, on the other hand, managed to keep their jobs and became the family's sole provider. In addition to increasing their family's economic dependence on them, Eritrean women also became central figures in their community through the creation of new social networks designed to satisfy the emotional and economic needs of its members. This has enabled women refugees to reinforce their social mobility and become relatively autonomous.
PBAN regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis by Ca2+/CaN/ACC and Ca2+/PKC/HK2 signal pathways in Spodoptera litura
Authors: Zhang Yao , He Ruolan , She Zelong , Yin Xinming , Li Xiang , Yao Shuangyan , Du Mengfang , An Shiheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSex pheromones emitted by female moths play important roles in mate attraction. The molecular mechanism underlying pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN)‐regulated sex pheromone biosynthesis has been well elucidated in many moth species, although this mechanism is species‐dependent. Spodoptera litura, an important pest, has caused serious economic losses to agricultural production, yet the mechanism for its sex pheromone biosynthesis has not been fully identified. The present study investigates in detail mechanism underlying PBAN‐regulated sex pheromone biosynthesis in S. litura. The transcriptome sequencing of S. litura pheromone glands (PGs) was analysed to identify a serial of candidate genes potentially involved in sex pheromone biosynthesis. Further investigation revealed a bimodal pattern in both sex pheromone release and mating frequency. PBAN was found to regulate sex pheromone biosynthesis via its receptor by using Ca2+ as a secondary messenger, as demonstrated by RNA interference and the application of pharmacological inhibitors. Furthermore, PBAN/Ca2+ signalling activated calcineurin (CaN) and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC), which mediated sex pheromone biosynthesis in response to PBAN stimulation. Mostly importantly, hexokinase 2 (HK2) was confirmed to be activated by PBAN/PBANR /Ca2+/PKC signalling via phosphorylation at two specific sites (ser423 and ser434 sites of HK2). Overall, our findings shed light on the intricate processes involved in sex pheromone production in S. litura, in which PBAN regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis through PBAN/PBANR/Ca2+/CaN/ACC and PBAN/PBANR/Ca2+/PKC/HK2 signalling pathways. These insights significantly contribute to our comprehension of the specific mechanisms underlying sex pheromone biosynthesis in this moth species.