bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inkjet Printing of Super Yellow: Ink Formulation, Film Optimization, OLEDs Fabrication, and Transient Electroluminescence
Authors: C Amruth , Szymański Marek Zdzislaw , Łuszczyńska Beata , Ulański Jacek 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInkjet printing technique allows manufacturing low cost organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) in ambient conditions. The above approach enables upscaling of the OLEDs fabrication process which, as a result, would become faster than conventionally used vacuum based processing techniques. In this work, we use the inkjet printing technique to investigate the formation of thin active layers of well-known light emitting polymer material: Super Yellow (poly(para-phenylene vinylene) copolymer). We develop the formulation of Super Yellow ink, containing non-chlorinated solvents and allowing stable jetting. Optimization of ink composition and printing resolution were performed, until good quality films suitable for OLEDs were obtained. Fabricated OLEDs have shown a remarkable characteristics of performance, similar to the OLEDs fabricated by means of spin coating technique. We checked that, the values of mobility of the charge carriers in the printed films, measured by transient electroluminescence, are similar to the values of mobility measured in spin coated films. Our contribution provides a complete framework for inkjet printing of high quality Super Yellow films for OLEDs. The description of this method can be used to obtain efficient printed OLEDs both in academic and in industrial settings.
Angiotensin II Increases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Adipose Tissue and Adipocytes
Authors: Menikdiwela Kalhara R. , Ramalingam Latha , Allen London , Scoggin Shane , Kalupahana Nishan S. , Moustaid-Moussa Naima 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Renin Angiotensin System (RAS), a key regulator of blood pressure has been linked to metabolic disorders. We have previously reported that adipose overexpression of angiotensinogen in mice (Agt-Tg) induces obesity, in part mediated by adipose tissue inflammation, through yet unidentified mechanisms. Hence, we hypothesize that adipose tissue enrichment of angiotensinogen leads to activation of inflammatory cascades and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thereby, contributing to obesity. We used wild type (Wt), Agt-Tg and Agt-knockout (KO) mice along with 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes treated with RAS, ER stress and inflammation inhibitors. ER stress and pro-inflammation markers were significantly higher in Agt-Tg compared to Wt mice and captopril significantly reduced their expression. Furthermore, in vitro treatment with Ang II significantly induced ER stress and inflammation, whereas angiotensin II receptor inhibitor, telmisartan reduced RAS effects. Moreover, miR-30 family had significantly lower expression in Agt-Tg group. MiR-708-5p and -143-3p were upregulated when RAS was overexpressed, and RAS antagonists reduced miR-143-3p and -708-5p in both mouse adipose tissue and adipocytes. Activation of RAS by Ang II treatment, increased inflammation and ER stress in adipocytes mainly via AT1 receptor, possibly mediated by miR-30 family, -708-5p and/or -143-3p. Hence, RAS and mediating microRNAs could be used as potential targets to reduce RAS induced obesity and related comorbid diseases.
Relationship between age, BMI, head posture and superficial neck muscle stiffness and elasticity in adult women
Authors: Kocur Piotr , Tomczak Maciej , Wiernicka Marzena , Goliwąs Magdalena , Lewandowski Jacek , Łochyński Dawid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study determined relationships between age, BMI and cranio-vertebral angle (CVA) (independent variables) and stiffness and elasticity of sternocleidomasteoid [SCM] and upper trapezius [UT] (dependent variables) muscles in sitting posture in 95 women across adult life. Moreover, a stepwise regression was performed to determine to what extent the dependent variables are explained by age, BMI and CVA. Age was moderately correlated with BMI (r = 0.41), and both age and BMI were moderately negatively correlated with CVA (r = −0.54 and −0.55, respectively). High (r = 0.73) and moderate (r = 0.53) linear relationships were present between age and logarithmic decrement (inversely related to elasticity) and stiffness of SCM muscle, respectively. Low (r = 0.36) and moderate (r = 0.47) relationships were present between age and logarithmic decrement and stiffness of UT muscle, respectively. Age accounted for 53% variance in elasticity and 28.5% variance in stiffness of SCM, and for 13% variance in elasticity and 22% variance in stiffness of UT muscle. Introduction of BMI but not CVA to the model explained the variance of these parameters by additional 0–8%. Among the studied factors age is the major correlate of stiffness and elasticity of neck muscles across the adult life.
Food web structure of parasitoids in greenhouses is affected by surrounding landscape at different spatial scales
Authors: Dong Zhaoke , Men Xingyuan , Liu Shuang , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLandscape management affects species interactions and can have notable effects on food web structure. Local parasitoid populations in greenhouses usually migrate from outside crops; biological control of greenhouse aphids may be thus highly dependent on the composition of surrounding landscape. However, it is less clear how surrounding landscape composition affects primary-hyperparasitoid food webs and pest control services in greenhouses. We investigated the food web of parasitoids on melon-cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) in watermelon greenhouses in two suburban Beijing counties over two years. We used the quantitative food web metrics (generality, vulnerability, link density, and interaction evenness) to assess the effects of landscape composition on primary-hyperparasitoid food web structure. We found that landscape with more cropland within 1–3 km tended to have more primary parasitoids per hyperparasitoid species (generality). Higher proportions of woodland at the 0.5 km scale were negatively correlated with the mean numbers of hyperparasitoid per primary parasitoid species (vulnerability), as well as with hyperparasitism rate and hyperparasitoid richness. Link density, interaction evenness and aphid mortality caused by parasitoids (parasitism rate) were not affected by landscape factors. However, active primary parasitism (biocontrol potential) increased with the proportion of woodland. This suggested that the bottom-up effect induced by primary parasitoids might benefit hyperparasitoids, thus exerting little influence of primary parasitoids on pest control. The top-down effect of hyperparasitoids may reduce with increasing woodland proportion. To enhance the effects of primary parasitoids, landscape management programs should also target, and thus limit the impact of hyperparasitoids.
3D-printed sound absorbing metafluid inspired by cereal straws
Authors: Huang W. , Schwan L. , Romero-García V. , Génevaux J.-M. , Groby J.-P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUsed as building biomaterials for centuries, cereal straws are known for their remarkable acoustic performances in sound absorption. Yet, their use as fibrous media disregards their internal structure made of nodes partitioning stems. Here, we show that such nodes can impart negative acoustic bulk modulus to straw balls when straws are cut on either side of a node. Such metafluid inspired by cereal straws combines visco-thermal diffusion with strong wave dispersion arising from quarter-wavelength resonances within straws. Large spectral bandgaps and slow sound regimes are theoretically predicted and experimental data from impedance tube measurements on an idealised 3D-printed sample layer are in good agreement with the theoretical model. Perfect absorption is achieved at wavelengths 13 times larger than the thickness of the metafluid layer, and slow sound entails an increased density of states causing a cascade of high absorption peaks. Such features could lead cereal straws to serve as cheap acoustic bio-metamaterials.
General synovitis score and immunologic synovitis score reflect clinical disease activity in patients with advanced stage rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Schmidt Tobias , Najm Aurélie , Mussawy Haider , Burghardt Rolf , Oehler Nicola , Krenn Veit , Rüther Wolfgang , Niemeier Andreas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between clinical disease activity in patients with advanced stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on treatment with Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and histopathological scores of synovial inflammation. To this end, synovial biopsies of 62 RA patients who underwent surgery for either synovectomy or total joint arthroplasty were assessed by a general synovitis score (GSS) and an immunologic synovitis score (IMSYC). The clinical disease activity index (CDAI) was significantly correlated with both the GSS and the IMSYC (r = 0.65, p = <0.001, r = 0.68, p = <0.001). Compared to patients with moderate and high disease activity, there was a significantly lower expression of T cell (CD3), B cell (CD20) and neutrophil (CD15) markers in synovial tissue of patients with low activity, but similar expression of the macrophage marker CD68. Subgroup analyses revealed no differences between small and large joints, seropositive and seronegative RA and patients with or without prednisolone treatment. However, we found a significantly stronger correlation of CDAI with IMSYC in patients undergoing arthroplasty (r = 0.82) than in patients undergoing synovectomy (r = 0.55). In addition, there was a stronger correlation of CDAI with GSS in patients treated with methotrexate (r = 0.86) than in patients with TNFα blockade (r = 0.55). In summary, the present study demonstrates that the histopathological scores GSS and IMSYC in general reflect clinical disease activity in patients with advanced stage rheumatoid arthritis, but that there is some heterogeneity between subgroups of patients within the cohort. In the future, molecular characterization of synovial inflammatory cell populations, including plasma cell infiltrates, will help to further defined clinically important subtypes of RA and treatment response.
Association of antidepressants with brain morphology in early stages of psychosis: an imaging genomics approach
Authors: Bykowsky Oleg , Harrisberger Fabienne , Schmidt André , Smieskova Renata , Hauke Daniel J. , Egloff Laura , Riecher-Rössler Anita , Fusar-Poli Paolo , Huber Christian G. , Lang Undine E. , Andreou Christina , Borgwardt Stefan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDepressive symptoms in subjects at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) or at first-episode psychosis (FEP) are often treated with antidepressants. Our cross-sectional study investigated whether brain morphology is altered by antidepressant medication. High-resolution T1-weighted structural MRI scans of 33 CHR-P and FEP subjects treated with antidepressants, 102 CHR-P and FEP individuals without antidepressant treatment and 55 controls, were automatically segmented using Freesurfer 6.0. Linear mixed-effects modelling was applied to assess the differences in subcortical volume, surface area and cortical thickness in treated, non-treated and healthy subjects, taking into account converted dosages of antidepressants. Increasing antidepressant dose was associated with larger volume of the pallidum and the putamen, and larger surface of the left inferior temporal gyrus. In a pilot subsample of separately studied subjects of known genomic risk loci, we found that in the right postcentral gyrus, the left paracentral lobule and the precentral gyrus antidepressant dose-associated surface increase depended on polygenic schizophrenia-related-risk score. As the reported regions are linked to the symptoms of psychosis, our findings reflect the possible beneficial effects of antidepressant treatment on an emerging psychosis.
A special three-layer step-index fiber for building compact STED systems
Authors: Luo Hao , Wang Guiren , Yuan Libo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUp to now, most of stimulated-emission-depletion (STED) systems were lens-based bulky systems. Exchanging some spatial light paths with optical fiber components will make the systems more flexible and will benefit various fields. A big problem to achieve this goal is that the STED beam generated by the traditional method of bulky systems cannot be maintained in an optical fiber due to its birefringence. In this article, we will introduce a type of special optical fiber. With the special fiber, a dark hollow beam with doughnut-shaped focal spot and a concentric beam with Gaussian-shaped focal spot can be generated at the same time. Parameters of a sample and a compact STED system based on it are demonstrated.
The role of detritivory as a feeding tactic in a harsh environment – a case study of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis)
Authors: Pyrzanowski Kacper , Zięba Grzegorz , Dukowska Małgorzata , Smith Carl , Przybylski Mirosław 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) is a species that is tolerant of unfavourable environmental conditions and can survive low dissolved oxygen concentrations and high water temperatures. Although this species occurs across almost the whole of Europe, and is protected in many countries, relatively little is known regarding its ecology. To determine the diet of weatherfish, 120 individuals from an artificial drainage canal in central Poland were collected in two seasons (spring and late summer) with contrasting abiotic condition (oxygen concentration, water temperature and transparency). Analysis of gut fullness showed that weatherfish consumed a greater quantity of food in spring (0.92 ± 0.90) compared with summer (0.20 ± 0.26). Contrary to other cobitid taxa, weatherfish fed actively during daytime in both seasons. An estimate of the importance of each dietary component indicated that the most important food categories were chironomids, copepods, Asellus aquaticus and detritus. SIMPER analysis indicated that these four categories together constituted over 65.8% of cumulative dissimilarity in the diet between seasons. Additionally, trophic niche breadth differed significantly between seasons. The study demonstrated that the weatherfish is an opportunistic feeder, consuming large quantities of detritus despite possessing a gut morphology that is atypical of a detritivore. The quantity of detritus in the gut of weatherfish was positively associated with fish total length and varied seasonally, with a greater quantity of detritus in the diet in late summer. These results demonstrate the importance of detritus as a source of energy, particularly during periods of scarcity of alternative prey categories.
Modulation of azole sensitivity and filamentation by GPI15, encoding a subunit of the first GPI biosynthetic enzyme, in Candida albicans
Authors: Jain Priyanka , Garai Pramita , Sethi Subhash Chandra , Naqvi Nilofer , Yadav Bhawna , Kumar Pravin , Singh Sneh Lata , Yadav Usha , Bhatnagar Shilpi , Rahul  , Puri Niti , Muthuswami Rohini , Komath Sneha Sudha 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are important for virulence of many pathogenic organisms including the human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. GPI biosynthesis is initiated by a multi-subunit enzyme, GPI-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT). We showed previously that two GPI-GnT subunits, encoded by CaGPI2 and CaGPI19, are mutually repressive. CaGPI19 also co-regulates CaERG11, the target of azoles while CaGPI2 controls Ras signaling and hyphal morphogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of a third subunit. We show that CaGpi15 is functionally homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gpi15. CaGPI15 is a master activator of CaGPI2 and CaGPI19. Hence, CaGPI15 mutants are azole-sensitive and hypofilamentous. Altering CaGPI19 or CaGPI2 expression in CaGPI15 mutant can elicit alterations in azole sensitivity via CaERG11 expression or hyphal morphogenesis, respectively. Thus, CaGPI2 and CaGPI19 function downstream of CaGPI15. One mode of regulation is via H3 acetylation of the respective GPI-GnT gene promoters by Rtt109. Azole sensitivity of GPI-GnT mutants is also due to decreased H3 acetylation at the CaERG11 promoter by Rtt109. Using double heterozygous mutants, we also show that CaGPI2 and CaGPI19 can independently activate CaGPI15. CaGPI15 mutant is more susceptible to killing by macrophages and epithelial cells and has reduced ability to damage either of these cell lines relative to the wild type strain, suggesting that it is attenuated in virulence.
Nuclear formation induced by DNA-conjugated beads in living fertilised mouse egg
Authors: Suzuki Yuka , Bilir Şükriye , Hatano Yu , Fukuda Tatsuhito , Mashiko Daisuke , Kobayashi Shouhei , Hiraoka Yasushi , Haraguchi Tokuko , Yamagata Kazuo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReformation of a functional nucleus at the end of mitosis is crucial for normal cellular activity. Reconstitution approaches using artificial beads in frog egg extracts have clarified the molecules required for nuclear formation in vitro. However, the spatiotemporal regulation of these components, which is required for the formation of a functional nucleus in living embryos, remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that exogenous DNA introduced in the form of DNA-conjugated beads induces the assembly of an artificial nucleus in living mouse cleavage-stage embryos. Live-cell imaging and immunofluorescence studies revealed that core histones and regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) assembled on the DNA, suggesting that nucleosomes were formed. Electron microscopy showed that double-membrane structures, partly extended from annulate lamellae, formed around the beads. Nuclear pore complex-like structures indistinguishable from those of native nuclei were also formed, suggesting that this membranous structure resembled the normal nuclear envelope (NE). However, the reconstituted NE had no nuclear import activity, probably because of the absence of Ras-related nuclear protein (Ran). Thus, DNA is necessary for NE reassembly in mouse embryos but is insufficient to form a functional nucleus. This approach provides a new tool to examine factors of interest and their spatiotemporal regulation in nuclear formation.
Modeling in-vivo protein-DNA binding by combining multiple-instance learning with a hybrid deep neural network
Authors: Zhang Qinhu , Shen Zhen , Huang De-Shuang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractModeling in-vivo protein-DNA binding is not only fundamental for further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms, but also a challenging task in computational biology. Deep-learning based methods have succeed in modeling in-vivo protein-DNA binding, but they often (1) follow the fully supervised learning framework and overlook the weakly supervised information of genomic sequences that a bound DNA sequence may has multiple TFBS(s), and, (2) use one-hot encoding to encode DNA sequences and ignore the dependencies among nucleotides. In this paper, we propose a weakly supervised framework, which combines multiple-instance learning with a hybrid deep neural network and uses k-mer encoding to transform DNA sequences, for modeling in-vivo protein-DNA binding. Firstly, this framework segments sequences into multiple overlapping instances using a sliding window, and then encodes all instances into image-like inputs of high-order dependencies using k-mer encoding. Secondly, it separately computes a score for all instances in the same bag using a hybrid deep neural network that integrates convolutional and recurrent neural networks. Finally, it integrates the predicted values of all instances as the final prediction of this bag using the Noisy-and method. The experimental results on in-vivo datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed framework. In addition, we also explore the performance of the proposed framework when using k-mer encoding, and demonstrate the performance of the Noisy-and method by comparing it with other fusion methods, and find that adding recurrent layers can improve the performance of the proposed framework.
Parental Mental Illness in Childhood as a Risk Factor for Suicidal and Self-Harm Ideations in Adults Seeking Help for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis
Authors: Aazh Hashir , Landgrebe Michael , Danesh Ali A. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between parental mental illness in childhood with suicidal and self-harm ideations in adults seeking help for their tinnitus and/or hyperacusis.

Method
This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. The data for 292 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in the United Kingdom were included.

Results

Forty-six of 292 patients, or 15.75% of the patients, expressed that they have been bothered by suicidal and self-harm ideations within the last 2 weeks. Furthermore, 38.7% of the patients (113/292) reported that, while they were growing up during the first 18 years of life, their parent(s) were suffering from a mental illness. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between suicidal and self-harm ideations and the history of parental mental illness after adjusting the model for (a) tinnitus disability as measured via the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (
Newman, Jacobson, & Spitzer, 1996
), (b) hyperacusis as measured via the Hyperacusis Questionnaire (
Khalfa et al., 2002
), (c) anxiety as measured via the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (
Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006
), (d) depression as measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire (
Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001
), and (e) age and gender. Adjusted odds ratio was 2.5 (95% CI [1.14, 5.6],
p =
.022). The only other variable that was significantly related to the risk of suicidal and self-harm ideations was depression; adjusted odds ratio was 7.7 (95% CI [2.6, 26.3],
p
= .001).

Conclusions
Clinicians who offer tinnitus and hyperacusis rehabilitation should screen for suicidal and self-harm ideations among patients, especially for those with symptoms of depression and a childhood history of parental mental illness. Patients with suicidal and self-harm ideations should be referred to mental health services for further diagnosis and treatment.
Space modulation profile modelling for steer‐by‐wire SMPMSM
Authors: Scicluna Kris , Staines Cyril Spiteri , Raute Reiko 
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a sensorless estimation algorithm for steer‐by‐wire applications based on the injection of a high‐frequency rotating voltage. Enhancement to the basic sensorless algorithm through SMP look‐up tables is proposed. The improved observer was simulated in MATLAB for a 12 V RMS 400 W permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM).
Die CT-Koronarangiografie als elektive Diagnostik bei KHK-Verdacht
Authors: Smolka Silvia , Achenbach Stephan 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungMit der koronaren CT-Angiografie (CTA) können atherosklerotische Plaques nachgewiesen und Stenosen erkannt sowie zuverlässig ausgeschlossen werden. Die CTA ist insbesondere bei Patienten mit eher niedriger Vortestwahrscheinlichkeit geeignet, um Koronarstenosen – und damit eine koronare Herzerkrankung – auszuschließen. Dies setzt aber voraus, dass die technischen Anforderungen erfüllt und die Patienten sorgfältig ausgewählt und vorbereitet sind.
Automatische externe Reanimationsgeräte
Authors: Ondruschka Benjamin , Bayer Ronny , Bernhard Michael , Hammer Niels , Buschmann Claas T. 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungIn der Reanimationssituation müssen die professionellen Helfer trotz hoher Stresslevel und Zeitknappheit schnell, ressourceneffizient und zielführend Entscheidungen im Sinne des Patienten treffen: grundlegend dabei ist etwa das Abwägen zwischen dem Einsatz einer automatischen externen Reanimationshilfe zur kontinuierlichen, gleichmäßigen und ermüdungsfreien Durchführung der Thoraxkompressionen bis zum Wiedererreichen eines Eigenkreislaufs oder dem Abbruch der Maßnahmen.