bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Informatics Education and Capacity Building in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Betts H. J. , Wright G. , Tshayingca-Mashiya N. V. , Murray P. J. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives To describe the experience of, and lessons learned from, a collaborative project developing and delivering an MSc in Health Informatics in South Africa.
Methods The description and discussion is based on the experiences of the staff delivering the course, and formal and informal evaluations, the former conducted as part of the University of Winchester’s quality assurance processes.
Results Some of the lessons learned from adapting the course to meet local needs are described and discussed.
Conclusions Simply attempting to transpose a successful course from one country and culture to another is not a guarantee of success. Educational staff delivering such courses need to take account of local context and culture, be flexible and prepared to adapt to students’ needs and circumstances, which may be beyond anyone’s control. However, by meeting real identified needs, success can contribute to sustaining capacity building and the development of the local health informatics workforce.
Consumer Informatics:
Authors: Boyer C. ,   Section Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Consumer Informatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo explore how the Internet is being used as a source of information, but also as a source of consumption in certain health-related fields. Determine the negative and positive impacts of this trend, depending on the topic or quality standards of websites.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2011.Six papers from international peer reviewed journals have been selected for the section on health information systems.The articles selected discuss issues of major concern for online health information seekers, because of their positive or negative impact on health outputs.
Genome, and beyond
Authors: Yip Y. L. ,   Section Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Bioinformatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo summarize current excellent research in the field of bioinformatics, with an emphasis on those that have direct application in the medical domain.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2011.The selection process for this yearbook’s section on Bioinformatics results in six excellent articles highlighting the continuous progress towards a better understanding of human phenotype. Compared to the selection in Yearbook 2010, several key advancements can be noted. First, year 2010 marked the inaugural use of a complete human genome in a clinical context. This proof-of-principle study represents a large step towards personalized medicine. Second, there is a clear trend to understand diseases beyond the genome level, namely to include environmental and epigenetic information. Third, an innovative framework making use of the web to harness participant-driven genotype-phenotype information sets a new scene for conducting research in an era where social media plays an increasingly important role.The current literature showed that all pieces are now present to enable a much more comprehensive understanding of human diseases and traits, beyond the highly focused genetic or genomic studies seen previously.
Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Krampfadererkrankung
Authors: Kluess H.G. , Noppeney T. , Breu F.X. , Ehresmann U. , Gerlach H.E. , Hermanns H.-J. , Nüllen H. , Pannier F. , Salzmann G. , Schimmelpfennig L. , Schmedt C.-G. , Steckmeier B. , Stenger D. 
Published: March 2018

Leitlinien sind systematisch erarbeitete Empfehlungen, um den Arzt in Klinik und Praxis bei Entscheidungen über eine angemessene Versorgung des Patienten im Rahmen spezi-fischer klinischer Umstände zu unterstützen. Leitlinien gelten für Standardsituationen und berücksichtigen die aktuellen, zu den entsprechenden Fragestellungen zur Verfügung stehenden wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse. Leitlinien bedürfen der ständigen Überprüfung und eventuell der Änderung auf dem Boden des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstandes und der Praktikabilität in der täglichen Praxis. Durch die Leitlinien soll die Methodenfreiheit des Arztes nicht eingeschränkt werden. Ihre Beachtung garantiert nicht in jedem Fall den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Erfolg. Leitlinien erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Entscheidung über die Angemessenheit der zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen trifft der Arzt unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Problematik.Die Empfehlungsgrade entsprechen denen des American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP):GRADE 1A: starke Empfehlung, hohe Qualität der EvidenzGRADE 1B: starke Empfehlung, mittlere Qualität der EvidenzGRADE 1C: starke Empfehlung, niedrige Qualität der EvidenzGRADE 2A: schwache Empfehlung, hohe Qualität der EvidenzGRADE 2B: schwache Empfehlung, mittlere Qualität der EvidenzGRADE 2C: schwache Empfehlung, niedrige Qualität der EvidenzAngaben der evidenzbasierten Level erfolgen entsprechend den Empfehlungen der DEGAM (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin):A sehr gut fundiertB mittelmäßig fundiertC mäßige wissenschaftliche Grundlage
Paraneoplastische erosive Arthritis, Rheumafaktorund Anti-CCP-positiv, bei B-Zell-Lymphom
Authors: Matveev I. , Hartig I. , Braun M. 
Published: March 2018

Bei rheumatischen Beschwerden des Bewegungsapparates sollten Malignome als Ursasche paraneoplastischer Arthropathien immer bei den differenzialdiagnostischen Erwägungen berücksichtigt werden (1, 2). Rheumatische Symptome können als Erstmanifestation von Tumoren bestehen, diese ähneln den Beschwerden bei echten rheumatologischen Erkrankungen. Pathogenetisch sind diese Arthritiden Ausdruck eines direkten Gelenkbefalls oder einer paraneoplastischen Stimulation von autoimmunen Prozessen.Nachdruck aus und zu zitieren als: arthritis + rheuma 2017; 37: 247–249
Ästhetische Faktoren in der kieferorthopädischen Planung
Authors: Feldner Josef , Bantleon Hans-Peter 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungZiel des Artikels ist eine möglichst kompakte Zusammenfassung der wichtigsten Faktoren im Zusammenhang mit Ästhetik in der kieferorthopädischen Behandlungsplanung zu geben. Dabei wurde das Thema in 3 Teilbereiche aufgegliedert, nämlich die Makro-, Mikro- und die Mini-Ästhetik. In den einzelnen Unterpunkten wird dargelegt, welche klinischen Auffälligkeiten im Zuge der diagnostischen Erstuntersuchung erfasst werden sollten, um ein möglichst ästhetisch hochwertiges Planungskonzept zu erstellen und schlussendlich ebenso ein ästhetisch ansprechendes Ergebnis zu erreichen.
Kombinierte kieferorthopädische und chirurgische Therapie einer Klasse-III-Malokklusion – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Jäger Karin , Watzke Ingeborg , Bantleon Hans-Peter 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Fallbericht zeigt die Therapie und das Behandlungsergebnis eines jungen, erwachsenen Patienten mit skelettaler Klasse-III-Malokklusion. Der 20 Jahre alte Patient wies eine skelettale Klasse III mit retrognather Maxilla, einen zirkulären Kreuzbiss und einen offenen Biss auf. Die transversale Erweiterung des Oberkiefers erfolgte ohne chirurgische Unterstützung und rein dental getragen. Aufgrund des Schweregrades der skelettalen Diskrepanz und des ästhetischen Erscheinungsbildes wurde eine kombinierte kieferorthopädische-chirurgische Therapie durchgeführt.
Classification ofBrachyspiraspp. isolated from Swedish dogs
Authors: Fellström Claes , Pettersson Bertil , Zimmerman Ulla , Gunnarsson Anders , Feinstein Ricardo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBrachyspira spp.were isolated from 21 of 32 sampled dogs (66%) in a colony of Swedish beagle dogs with a history of diarrhea and from 3 of 17 Swedish pet dogs (17%) with diarrhea. All Swedish isolates were weakly β-hemolytic and gave a negative indole reaction. Eighty-eight percent showed negative α-galactosidase and hippurate reactions, but a positive β-glucosidase reaction. Two isolates were hippurate positive with a negative β-glucosidase reaction. One additional German isolate diverged by showing a positive indole reaction in combination with a positive hippurate reaction. Sequencing of 16S rDNA indicated that the hippurate-positive isolates belonged to the speciesBrachyspira pilosicoli. Four representative isolates were examined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and compared with six reference strains and five porcine isolates ofBrachyspiraspp. The canine isolates clustered together in the PFGE analysis. Necropsy examination of a culture-positiveB. pilosicolicolony-raised beagle dog revealed macro- and microscopical lesions of colitis with numerous spiral-shaped bacteria in the lumens of the crypts, in goblet cells and within the colonic epithelium.
Integration of a Clinical Pharmacy Specialist into a Substance use Disorder Intensive Outpatient Treatment Program to Improve Prescribing Rates of Alcohol use Disorder Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Dimitropoulos Erica , Bertucci Stephanie , Wong Kara 
Published: March 2018

Background Research has demonstrated that the combination of pharmacotherapy and psychological interventions in alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment is superior to either alone. Despite this, medications remain highly underutilized in many outpatient treatment facilities. Pharmacists can serve as an excellent resource to aid in improving access to medications. Methods This study was a prospective, longitudinal evaluation of a pharmacist's role in a substance use disorder (SUD) clinic, specifically an intensive outpatient program (IOP). The primary objective was to determine if the addition of a clinical pharmacy specialist (CPS) as a bridge until next available provider appointment would improve access to AUD pharmacotherapy for patients in the IOP. Results A total of 43 patients were enrolled in the IOP during the study. Of these, 27 patients presented with a primary diagnosis of AUD, and only eight were receiving AUD pharmacotherapy at the start of the program. During this intervention, 11 patients expressed interest in initiating a medication for AUD while in the IOP. The average wait time for a medication evaluation appointment with the CPS was 1.4 days. By comparison, the average wait time for an addiction psychiatrist was approximately 44 days. Each patient was seen for an average of two 30-minute visits, including an initial medication evaluation and one follow-up. Upon completion of CPS services, patients were referred almost equally to an established non-addiction recovery services (ARS) mental health provider (36%), an ARS psychiatrist (36%), or a primary care provider (28%). Conclusion Our study highlights the role that pharmacists can play in improving access to evidence-based AUD pharmacotherapy, as well as in providing medication education to patients and providers. Long-term prospective research and pharmacoeconomic analysis are needed to determine the sustainability of this service, both at our facility and in other similar practice settings.
Implementation of a Nationwide Health Economic Consultation Service to Assist Substance use Researchers: Lessons Learned
Authors: Murphy Sean M. , Leff Jared A. , Linas Benjamin P. , Morgan Jake R. , McCollister Kathryn , Schackman Bruce R. 
Published: March 2018

Background Health economic evaluation findings assist stakeholders in improving the quality, availability, scalability, and sustainability of evidence-based services, and in maximizing the efficiency of service delivery. The Center for Health Economics of Treatment Interventions for Substance Use Disorders, HCV, and HIV (CHERISH) is a NIDA-funded multi-institutional center of excellence whose mission is to develop and disseminate health-economic research on healthcare utilization, health outcomes, and health-related behaviors that informs substance use disorder treatment policy, and HCV and HIV care of people who use substances. Methods We designed a consultation service that is free to researchers whose work aligns with CHERISH's mission. The service includes up to six hours of consulting time. After prospective consultees submit their request online, they receive a screening call from the consultation service director, who connects them with a consultant with relevant expertise. Consultees and consultants complete web-based evaluations following the consultation; consultees also complete a six-month follow-up. We report on the status of the service from its inception in July 2015 through June 2017. Results We have received 28 consultation requests (54% Early Stage Investigators, 57% MD or equivalent, 28% PhD, 61% women) on projects typically related to planning a study or grant application (93%); 71% were HIV/AIDS-related. Leading topics included cost-effectiveness (43%), statistical-analysis/econometrics (36%), cost (32%), cost-benefit (21%), and quality-of-life (18%). All consultees were satisfied with their overall experience, and felt that consultation expectations and objectives were clearly defined and the consultant's expertise was matched appropriately with their needs. Results were similar for consultants, who spent a median of 3 hours on consultations. Conclusions There is a need for health-economic methodological guidance among substance use, HCV, and HIV researchers. Lessons learned pertain to the feasibility of service provision, the need to implement systems to measure and improve service value, and strategies for service promotion.
Oral supplementation ofBifidobacterium longumstrain BR-108 alters cecal microbiota by stimulating gut immune system in mice irrespectively of viability
Authors: Makioka Yuko , Tsukahara Takamitsu , Ijichi Tetsuo , Inoue Ryo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEffect on cecal microbiota and gene expression of various cytokines in ileal Peyer’s patches and cecal tissues were compared between viable and heat-killed Bifidobacterium longum strain BR-108 (BR-108) using a mouse model. Irrespectively of viability, oral supplementation of BR-108 altered the cecal microbiota and stimulated gene expression of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-10 in ileal Peyer’s patches and cecal tissue of mice. In addition, BR-108 supplementation significantly affected the relative abundance of bacterial genera and family, Oscillospira, Bacteroides and S24-7. The abundance of these bacterial genera and family strongly correlated with gene expression induced by BR-108. This study demonstrated that the effect of heat-killed BR-108 on the mouse cecal microbiota is similar to that of viable BR-108, most likely due to stimulation of the gut immune system by both heat-killed and viable BR-108 is also similar.
Predestination and Toleration: The Dutch Republic’s Single Judicial Persecution of Jews in Theological Context
Authors: van der Haven Alexander 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe toleration of Jews in early modern Dutch society is commonly seen as predicated on the maintenance of a clear social and religious separation between Jews and Christians. I argue that this view is incomplete and misleading. Close analysis of the only judicial persecution of Jews in the Dutch Republic’s history, the trial of three Jewish proselytes in the anti-Calvinist city of Hoorn in 1614–15, yields a more complex picture. Comparison of the Hoorn trial with cases of apostasy to Judaism in orthodox Calvinist Amsterdam during the same period suggests that the theological commitments of orthodox Calvinism played an important and hitherto unrecognized role in Dutch toleration.
Aid, Protection, and Social Alliance: The Role of Jewelry in the Margins of theHours of Catherine of Cleves
Authors: Decker John R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article examines five miniatures in the “Hours of Catherine of Cleves” (completed 1442), each containing representations of jewelry in the margins, which operate on two different levels. First, they demonstrate Catherine of Cleves’s adoration of five female saints. I argue that the fictive jewelry may be understood as simulated ex-votos designed to secure the aid and protection of the saints. Second, the images establish strategic alliances with each saint. As a final dimension, I explore how the vitae of these saints may have had resonances for the duchess that help explain the focus placed on them in the manuscript.
‘Wage’, ‘Salary’ and ‘Remuneration’: A Genealogical Exploration of Juridical Terms and their Significance for the Employer’s Power to Make Deductions from Wages
Authors: Adams Zoe 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Supreme Court in Hartley v King Edwards VI College (2017) has confirmed that an employee who refuses to work in accordance with his contract forfeits his right to be paid for the duration of the breach. The decision extends to professional employees paid a periodical salary the principle established in Miles v Wakefield MDC (1987). The present article sheds new light on these decisions by situating them within a broader debate concerning the function of the wage and the proper relationship between work and payment. Drawing on insights from economic theory, and engaging in a genealogical analysis of legal concepts, the article shows how this debate has, over time, conditioned the use of concepts such as the ‘wage’, ‘the salary’ and ‘remuneration’ in legislation and case law concerning deductions. It shows that the legal concept of the ‘wage’ is closely related to the economic idea of the wage as the price of a commodity, while the legal concepts of ‘salary’ and ‘remuneration’ are more closely analogous to the economic idea of the wage as the cost of subsistence. The courts’ tendency to confuse these concepts, and to analyse the employer’s power to deduct as a right to withhold wages for non-performance of the contract, tells us much about the implicit assumptions underpinning cases, such as Miles and Hartley, and how they have shaped the path of the law.
Validation of Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Computer Adaptive Tests (CATs) in the Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Patel Alpesh A. , Dodwad Shah-Nawaz M. , Boody Barrett S. , Bhatt Surabhi , Savage Jason W. , Hsu Wellington K. , Rothrock Nan E. 
Published: March 2018

Study Design.
Prospective, cohort study.

Objective.
Demonstrate validity of Patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) physical function, pain interference, and pain behavior computer adaptive tests (CATs) in surgically treated lumbar stenosis patients.

Summary of Background Data.
There has been increasing attention given to patient reported outcomes associated with spinal interventions. Historical patient outcome measures have inadequate validation, demonstrate floor/ceiling effects, and infrequently used due to time constraints. PROMIS is an adaptive, responsive National Institutes of Health (NIH) assessment tool that measures patient-reported health status.

Methods.
Ninety-eight consecutive patients were surgically treated for lumbar spinal stenosis and were assessed using PROMIS CATs, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ), and Short-Form 12 (SF-12). Prior lumbar surgery, history of scoliosis, cancer, trauma, or infection were excluded. Completion time, preoperative assessment, 6 weeks and 3 months postoperative scores were collected.

Results.
At baseline, 49%, 79%, and 81% of patients had PROMIS pain behavior (PB), pain interference (PI), and physical function (PF) scores greater than 1 standard deviation (SD) worse than the general population. 50.6% were categorized as severely disabled, crippled, or bed bound by ODI. PROMIS CATs demonstrated convergent validity through moderate to high correlations with legacy measures (r = 0.35–0.73). PROMIS CATs demonstrated known groups validity when stratified by ODI levels of disability. ODI improvements of at least 10 points on average had changes in PROMIS scores in the expected direction (PI = −12.98, PB = −9.74, PF = 7.53). PROMIS CATs demonstrated comparable responsiveness to change when evaluated against legacy measures. PROMIS PB and PI decreased 6.66 and 9.62 and PROMIS PF increased 6.8 points between baseline and 3-months post-op (P < 0.001). Completion time for the PROMIS CATs (2.6 min) compares favorably to ODI, ZCQ, and SF-12 scores (3.1, 3.6, and 3.0 min).

Conclusion.
PROMIS CATs demonstrate convergent validity, known groups validity, and responsiveness for surgically treated patients with lumbar stenosis to detect change over time and are more efficient than legacy instruments.

Level of Evidence: 2
Assessment of Functional Rhinoplasty with Spreader Grafting Using Acoustic Rhinomanometry and Validated Outcome Measurements
Authors: Paul Marek A. , Kamali Parisa , Chen Austin D. , Ibrahim Ahmed M. S. , Wu Winona , Becherer Babette E. , Medin Caroline , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: March 2018

Background:Rhinoplasty is 1 of the most common aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgical procedures performed within the United States. Yet, data on functional reconstructive open and closed rhinoplasty procedures with or without spreader graft placement are not definitive as only a few studies have examined both validated measurable objective and subjective outcomes of spreader grafting during rhinoplasty. The aim of this study was to utilize previously validated measures to assess objective, functional outcomes in patients who underwent open and closed rhinoplasty with spreader grafting.Methods:We performed a retrospective review of consecutive rhinoplasty patients. Patients with internal nasal valve insufficiency who underwent an open and closed approach rhinoplasty between 2007 and 2016 were studied. The Cottle test and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation survey was used to assess nasal obstruction. Patient-reported symptoms were recorded. Acoustic rhinometry was performed pre- and postoperatively. Average minimal cross-sectional area of the nose was measured.Results:One hundred seventy-eight patients were reviewed over a period of 8 years. Thirty-eight patients were included in this study. Of those, 30 patients underwent closed rhinoplasty and 8 open rhinoplasty. Mean age was 36.9 ± 18.4 years. The average cross-sectional area in closed and open rhinoplasty patients increased significantly (P= 0.019). There was a functional improvement in all presented cases using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale evaluation.Conclusions:Closed rhinoplasty with spreader grafting may play a significant role in the treatment of nasal valve collapse. A closed approach rhinoplasty including spreader grafting is a viable option in select cases with objective and validated functional improvement.