bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of a hollow cylindrical quantum wire in a parallel applied magnetic field
Authors: Tshipa Moletlanyi , Masale Monkami , Feddi Kawtar , Pérez Laura M. , Feddi Elmustapha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this theoretical study, we investigate optical properties of a hollow cylindrical quantum wire in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field. The magnetic field is applied parallel to the axis of the quantum wire. The investigations were achieved by solving the Schrödinger equation within the effective mass approximation. The optical properties studied were absorption coefficient (AC) of electromagnetic radiation and changes in refractive index (CRI) of the hollow cylinder. The parallel applied magnetic field lifts the degeneracy of states of opposite angular momentum (the $$\pm |m |$$

±
|
m
|

states, m being the angular momentum quantum number) known as the Zeeman splitting. As such, in the presence of magnetic field, AC splits into two branches, one corresponding to a transition involving the positive m states and the other corresponding to a transition involving the negative m states. Increase in intensity of the electromagnetic radiation reduces the magnitude of the AC. Presence of inner radius of the hollow cylindrical wire lowers transition energies. Apart from absorption due to the $$(m=0 \rightarrow \pm 1)$$

(
m
=
0
→
±
1
)

transitions, the presence of the inner radius also facilitates absorption due the $$(m=-1\rightarrow 0)$$

(
m
=
-
1
→
0
)

transition as the magnetic field strength increases, a phenomenon that does not happen in solid cylindrical quantum wires. The presence of the inner radius also enhances AC in strong magnetic field. Increase in intensity of the electromagnetic radiation affects the CRI (here considered up to third order), introducing a normal dispersion region in an otherwise anomalous region. The parallel magnetic field also splits the CRI depending on the sign of the m states involved in the transitions.
A Comparative Study on the Monitoring of Abnormal Power Consumption Behavior by Different Models
Authors: Zhang Lijuan 
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates and compares the performance of three distinct models for monitoring abnormal electricity consumption behavior: Support Vector Regression (SVR), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and a novel model that incorporates an attention mechanism known as PSO-ATT-LSTM (PAL), which integrates a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with an attention mechanism into the LSTM framework. The PAL model is specifically designed to enhance forecasting accuracy by optimizing the network parameters through PSO and focusing on significant temporal features via the attention mechanism. This design allows PAL to outperform the other two models in predicting future electricity consumption, particularly in identifying anomalous patterns. The study utilizes a dataset with hourly electricity consumption values and evaluates the models using metrics such as Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the PAL model in terms of predictive accuracy and its ability to capture abnormal consumption behaviors more effectively than SVR and LSTM.
RTPL: A Real-Time Communication Protocol for LoRa Network
Authors: Fahmida Sezana , Jain Aakriti , Modekurthy Venkata Prashant , Ismail Dali , Saifullah Abusayeed 
Published: November 2024

The industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is prominently emerging in applications of large-scale and wide-area applications, such as oilfield management, smart grid management, real-time equipment monitoring, and integration of traffic management systems for smart cities. Relying on short-range wireless technologies (e.g., WirelessHART and ISA100.11a), traditional wireless solutions for industrial automation find it challenging to support the expansive scale of today’s IIoT. To address this limitation, we propose to adopt LoRaWAN, a prominent low-power wide-area network technology, for industrial automation. LoRaWAN for industrial automation poses some unique challenges. The fundamental building blocks of any industrial automation system are feedback control loops that largely rely on real-time communication. LoRaWAN traditionally adopts a simple protocol based on ALOHA with no collision avoidance or Listen Before Talk with Clear Channel Assessment and Random Backoff mechanisms to minimize energy consumption, which are less suitable for real-time communication. Existing real-time protocols for short-range technologies cannot be applied to a LoRaWAN network due to its unique characteristics such as asymmetry between downlink and the uplink spectrum, predefined modes (or classes) of operation, and concurrent reception through orthogonal spreading factors. In this paper, we address these challenges and propose RTPL- a Real-Time communication Protocol for LoRaWAN networks. RTPL is a low-overhead and conflict-free communication protocol allowing autonomous real-time communication of low-energy devices and exploits LoRa’s capability of parallel communication. We implement our approach on LoRa devices and evaluate through both physical experiments and extensive simulations. All results show that RTPL achieves on average 75% improvement in real-time performance without sacrificing throughput or energy compared to traditional LoRaWAN.
Ferroptosis‐Related LncRNA BCRP3 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zhou Peng , Gu Yueying , Zhao Wenchao , Wang Hui , Gu Junhua , Xu Zhen , Jin Xin 
Published: November 2024

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported that play an important role in regulating tumorigenesis. This study aims to develop a ferroptosis‐related lncRNA gene signature for predicting biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and prove a functional lncRNA BCRP3 as a promotor toward PCa progression.Methods: The ferroptosis‐related lncRNA were identified by interoperating the databases of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and FerrDb. A predictive model for biochemical recurrence of PCa was established based on the LASSO Cox regression. Kaplan–Meier cures were applied in the measurement of the impact on patients’ survival caused by key lncRNAs. Meanwhile, the molecular assays of CCK8, EdU, wound healing, and Transwell were conducted to evaluate the tumor‐suppressive effect of BCRP3 in vitro.Results: This study presented that 17 differentially expressed ferroptosis‐related lncRNAs were confirmed and further screened out 9 key lncRNAs for the establishment of risk model. The nomogram involved the risk model was also proved with an excellent predictive performance toward 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival with the area of curves (AUC) as 0.77, 0.79, and 0.65 separately. Notably, the lncRNA BCRP3 was significantly correlated with the survival of PCa patients based on multivariate Cox regression. Additionally, downregulation of BCRP3 effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC3 cells which further proved its anti‐tumor function.Conclusion: We developed a ferroptosis‐related lncRNA risk model for predicting biochemical recurrence, which assisting in the clinical therapy of patients with PCa.
Intrapartum and 30‐Day Postpartum Complications in Patients With Antenatal COVID‐19 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Donthi Sriya , Kloos Jacqueline , Gibson Kelly S. , Olson Danielle , Kaelber David C. 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The study was aimed at comparing intrapartum and postpartum outcomes between pregnant patients with and without antenatal COVID‐19 infection using aggregated, deidentified electronic health record (EHR) data.Design and Setting: This retrospective cohort study included data from over 80 health care organizations within the TriNetX Analytics Research Network.Population: Individuals admitted for delivery from Jan 2020 to May 2023 were studied.Methods: We studied individuals with ICD‐10 codes for delivery, COVID‐19 diagnosis, and primary outcomes. We compared the incidence of adverse intrapartum and 30‐day postpartum outcomes in those with and without antenatal COVID‐19.Main Outcome Measures: The main outcomes compared were obstetric, cardiovascular, neurovascular, and respiratory outcomes within 30 days postpartum.Results: Twenty‐six thousand nine hundred seventy‐four of 369,923 (7%) birthing parents with a delivery encounter had an antenatal COVID‐19 diagnosis. Compared to matched controls, having COVID‐19 was associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (RR—1.24 (CI—1.16–1.33)), gestational hypertension (RR—1.27 (CI—1.27–1.34)), preeclampsia (RR—1.25 (CI—1.18–1.32)), eclampsia (RR—1.66 (CI—1.29–2.32)), preterm labor (RR—1.21 (CI—1.21–1.34)), cerebral infarction (RR—1.74 (CI—1.04–2.90)), cardiomyopathy (RR—2.08 (CI—1.30–3.32)), heart failure (RR—1.55 (CI—1.04–2.31)), sepsis (RR—2.21 (CI—1.54–3.19)), DVT (RR—2.32 (CI—1.45–3.71)), and pulmonary embolism (RR—2.68 (CI—1.74–2.90)).Conclusion: Individuals with antenatal COVID‐19 were more likely to have intrapartum and postpartum obstetric, cardiovascular, neurovascular, and respiratory complications. This data will inform risk stratification and screening for prenatal care providers.
Long‐Term Survival of Mitroflow and Perimount Aortic Valve Replacements
Authors: Krasniqi Lytfi , Dahl Jordi Sanchez , Jensen Christian Greve , Mortensen Poul Erik , Brandes Axel , Gerke Oke , Ravn Emil Johannes , Poulsen Viktor , Riber Lars Peter Schødt 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The American College of Cardiology (ACC) guidelines recommend the same imaging frequency for all bioprosthetic valves, but some have demonstrated poor durability. We aimed to assess mortality differences between small (19–21 mm) and large (23–29 mm) in Mitroflow and Carpentier‐Edwards Perimount aortic valves.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted by all patients undergoing isolated surgical aortic valve replacement with Mitroflow or Perimount in Western Denmark between 1999 and 2014 and followed until January 2024. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality. Secondary endpoints were cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death. A propensity score‐matched analysis was performed.Results: A total of 1150 patients were analyzed, with 496 (43%) receiving Mitroflow valves and 654 (57%) receiving Perimount valves. In the Mitroflow group, 108 (22%) had a valve size of 19–21 mm, and 388 (78%) in the size range of 23–29 mm. In the Perimount group, the distribution was 99 (15%) and 555 (85%), respectively. The compromised survival of Mitroflow valves was attributed to the valve type, regardless of the valve sizes. Larger Mitroflow valves exhibited the same compromised late mortality as smaller valves, 66.7% vs 61.5%, respectively (p = 0.95). The same pattern of mortality was observed in the matched population, with Perimount demonstrating significant lower risk of mortality.Conclusion: Mitroflow valves were associated with a poorer prognosis compared to Perimount valves. Additionally, larger Mitroflow valves were not associated with an improved prognosis compared to smaller valve sizes. EuroSCORE2 had a significant impact on patient survival.
FOXR2 Targets LHX6+/DLX+ Neural Lineages to Drive Central Nervous System Neuroblastoma
Authors: Jessa Selin , De Cola Antonella , Chandarana Bhavyaa , McNicholas Michael , Hébert Steven , Ptack Adam , Faury Damien , Tsai Jessica W. , Korshunov Andrey , Phoenix Timothy N. , Ellezam Benjamin , Jones David T.W. , Taylor Michael D. , Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Pathania Manav , Jabado Nada , Kleinman Claudia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Central nervous system neuroblastoma with forkhead box R2 (FOXR2) activation (NB-FOXR2) is a high-grade tumor of the brain hemispheres and a newly identified molecular entity. Tumors express dual neuronal and glial markers, leading to frequent misdiagnoses, and limited information exists on the role of FOXR2 in their genesis. To identify their cellular origins, we profiled the transcriptomes of NB-FOXR2 tumors at the bulk and single-cell levels and integrated these profiles with large single-cell references of the normal brain. NB-FOXR2 tumors mapped to LHX6+/DLX+ lineages derived from the medial ganglionic eminence, a progenitor domain in the ventral telencephalon. In vivo prenatal Foxr2 targeting to the ganglionic eminences in mice induced postnatal cortical tumors recapitulating human NB-FOXR2–specific molecular signatures. Profiling of FOXR2 binding on chromatin in murine models revealed an association with ETS transcriptional networks, as well as direct binding of FOXR2 at key transcription factors that coordinate initiation of gliogenesis. These data indicate that NB-FOXR2 tumors originate from LHX6+/DLX+ interneuron lineages, a lineage of origin distinct from that of other FOXR2-driven brain tumors, highlight the susceptibility of ventral telencephalon–derived interneurons to FOXR2-driven oncogenesis, and suggest that FOXR2-induced activation of glial programs may explain the mixed neuronal and oligodendroglial features in these tumors. More broadly, this work underscores systematic profiling of brain development as an efficient approach to orient oncogenic targeting for in vivo modeling, critical for the study of rare tumors and development of therapeutics.
Significance: Profiling the developing brain enabled rationally guided modeling of FOXR2-activated CNS neuroblastoma, providing a strategy to overcome the heterogeneous origins of pediatric brain tumors that hamper tumor modeling and therapy development.
See related commentary by Orr, p. 195
Intestinal Subtype as a Biomarker of Response to Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Insights from a Prospective Phase II Trial
Authors: Wang Lei , Sun Mengting , Li Jinyang , Wan Linghong , Tan Yuting , Tian Shuoran , Hou Yongying , Wu Linyu , Peng Ziyi , Hu Xiao , Zhang Qihua , Huang Zening , Han Mengyi , Peng Shiyin , Pan Yuwei , Ren Yuanfeng , Zhang Mengsi , Chen Dongfeng , Liu Qin , Li Xianfeng , Qin Zhong-yi , Xiang Junyv , Li Mengxia , Zhu Jianwu , Chen Qiyue , Luo Huiyan , Wang Shunan , Wang Tao , Li Fan , Bian Xiu-wu , Wang Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NAIC) markedly induces pathologic regression in locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. However, specific biomarkers are still lacking to effectively identify the beneficiary patients for NAIC.

Patients and Methods:
A prospective, single-arm, phase II study was conducted to treat locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with NAIC (NCT05515796). Correlation between clinicopathologic characteristics and neoadjuvant efficacy was investigated. Bulk RNA sequencing data from 104 samples (from 75 patients in two independent cohorts) and single-cell RNA sequencing data from 105 treatment-naïve gastric adenocarcinomas were comprehensively analyzed to decipher the association of epithelial and microenvironmental characteristics and clinical responses.

Results:
The prespecified primary endpoints were achieved: pathologic complete regression rate was 30%, major pathologic regression rate was 43%, and the regimen was well tolerated. Analysis of baseline clinical–pathologic parameters revealed the intestinal subtype of Lauren’s classification as a key feature stratifying patients with increased sensitivity to NAIC. Mechanistically, an increased pool of DNA damage repair–active cancer cells and enrichment of CLEC9A+ dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment were associated with enhanced responsiveness of the intestinal subtype gastric adenocarcinoma to NAIC. More importantly, an intestinal subtype–specific signature model was constructed by the machine learning algorithm NaiveBayes via integrating the transcriptomic features of both DNA damage repair–active cancer cells and CLEC9A+ dendritic cells, which accurately predicted the efficacy of NAIC in multiple independent gastric adenocarcinoma cohorts.

Conclusions:
Intestinal subtype is a histologic biomarker of enhanced sensitivity of gastric adenocarcinoma to NAIC. The intestinal subtype–specific signature model is applicable to guide NAIC for patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma.
A norma de preservação de Ouro Preto como estratégia de preservação da paisagem histórica
Authors: Giannecchini Ana Clara , Guia George Alex da 
Published: November 2024

O artigo descreve como uma abordagem inovadora de leitura da paisagem fundamentou a Portaria Iphan n.º 312/2010 da norma de preservação de Ouro Preto, considerando o espírito do lugar e as transformações urbanas e paisagísticas. A leitura realizada revelou fragilidades institucionais, riscos à preservação e preocupações com desastres naturais. Parte do pressuposto que a norma de preservação do Iphan é instrumento fundamental de gestão da paisagem, evidenciando suas relações com os instrumentos e práticas de planejamento e gestão urbanos do município e a importância da cooperação intergovernamental. À luz de debates institucionais ocorridos em 2016 sobre a percepção do desempenho da Portaria n.o 312, o artigo encerra com apontamentos críticos sobre seus avanços e desafios.
Detection of Right and Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients Using Artificial Intelligence–Enabled ECGs
Authors: Anjewierden Scott , O'Sullivan Donnchadh , Mangold Kathryn E. , Greason Grace , Attia Itzhak Zachi , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Friedman Paul A. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Anderson Jason , Eidem Benjamin W. , Johnson Jonathan N. , Havangi Prakash Shisheer , Niaz Talha , Madhavan Malini 
Published: November 2024

Background
Early detection of left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD and RVSD respectively) in children can lead to intervention to reduce morbidity and death. Existing artificial intelligence algorithms can identify LVSD and RVSD in adults using a 12‐lead ECG; however, its efficacy in children is uncertain. We aimed to develop novel artificial intelligence–enabled ECG algorithms for LVSD and RVSD detection in pediatric patients.

Methods and Results
We identified 10 142 unique pediatric patients (age≤18) with a 10‐second, 12‐lead surface ECG within 14 days of a transthoracic echocardiogram, performed between 2002 and 2022. LVSD was defined quantitatively by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). RVSD was defined semiquantitatively. Novel pediatric models for LVEF ≤35% and LVEF <50% achieved excellent test areas under the curve of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89–0.98) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.94) respectively. The model to detect LVEF <50% had a sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.80, positive predictive value of 0.095, and negative predictive value of 0.995. In comparison, the previously validated adult data‐derived model for LVEF <35% achieved an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84–0.90) for LVEF ≤35% in children. A novel pediatric model for any RVSD detection reached a test area under the curve of 0.90 (0.87–0.94).

Conclusions
An artificial intelligence–enabled ECG demonstrates accurate detection of both LVSD and RVSD in pediatric patients. While adult‐trained models offer good performance, improvements are seen when training pediatric‐specific models.
Aerobic Training Attenuates Differences Between Black and White Adults in Left Ventricular–Vascular Coupling and Wasted Pressure Effort
Authors: Marôco João L. , Lane Abbi D. , Ranadive Sushant M. , Yan Huimin , Baynard Tracy , Fernhall Bo 
Published: November 2024

Background

Black compared with White adults have a higher risk for left‐ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure possibly due to the early onset of alterations in ventricular–vascular coupling (ie, arterial [
E
a
] to ventricular elastance [
E
es
] ratio) and wasted pressure effort (
E
w
). Aerobic training preserves the coupling ratio (
E
a
/
E
es
) and attenuates
E
w
, but whether this applies to Black adults is unknown. We hypothesized that Black rather than White adults would have greater training‐induced improvements in the
E
a
/
E
es
and
E
w
.

Methods and Results

Fifty‐four young adults with normal blood pressure (Black=24 [58% female]; White=30 [47% female], mean=24 years; SD=5 years) completed an 8‐week aerobic training (3 times/week, 65%–85% peak oxygen uptake).
E
a
/
E
es
was estimated via echocardiography and scaled to body surface area, and the
E
w
was estimated from pulse contour analysis. Black adults had lower
E
a
/
E
es
(difference (
d
)=0.49 [95% CI, 0.14–0.84 mm Hg/mL],
P
=0.007) and higher
E
w
(
d
=1127 [95% CI, 104–2007 dyne cm
−2
s],
P
=0.005). Both groups exhibited similar (race‐by‐training interaction,
P
=0.986) training‐induced reductions in scaled
E
a
(
d
=−0.11 [95% CI, −0.18 to −0.04 mm Hg/mL],
P
<0.001). Only in White adults, scaled
E
es
increased (
d
white
=0.39 [95% CI, 0.11–0.32 mm Hg/mL],
P
=0.003) and
E
a
/
E
es
was reduced (
d
white
=−0.16 [95% CI, −0.33 to −0.18 mm Hg/mL/m
2
],
P
<0.001). Conversely, only Black adults exhibited reductions in
E
w
after training (
d
black
=−699 [95% CI, −1209 to −189 dyne cm
−2
s],
P
=0.008).

Conclusions

Aerobic training‐induced differential effects on
E
a
/
E
es
and
E
w
of White and Black young adults hold the potential to reduce racial disparities. This warrants confirmation in a larger sample.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01024634.
Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated With Incident Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Sara Jaskanwal D. S. , Rajai Nazanin , Breitinger Scott , Medina‐Inojosa Betsy , Lerman Lilach O. , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Lerman Amir 
Published: November 2024

Background
A subset of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) have a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral small‐vessel disease, implicating vascular disease in the development of depression. Cross‐sectional studies demonstrate a link between endothelial dysfunction and MDD, but the prospective association between peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED) and an incident diagnosis of MDD is unknown.

Methods and Results

Patients undergoing a baseline assessment of cardiovascular risk were evaluated for PED using reactive hyperemia–peripheral arterial tonometry (≤1.8 consistent with PED). Patient medical records were reviewed to identify those who underwent a formal clinical evaluation of MDD
after
the index PED evaluation. The frequency of PED was compared in those with and without MDD. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between baseline PED and incident MDD. Between January 2006 and December 2020, 1614 patients underwent testing for PED. Four hundred eighty‐four (30.1%) patients underwent a formal evaluation for MDD after (0–15 years) the index procedure (mean±SD age, 52.8±13.8 years; 65.2% women). Of these, 157 (32.4%) had PED and 108 (31.0%) were diagnosed with MDD. Individuals with MDD had a higher frequency of PED (40.2% versus 30.2%;
P
=0.034) compared with those without MDD. In multivariable analyses, PED was significantly associated with MDD (odds ratio, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.4–3.8];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
PED is significantly associated with incident MDD. Thus, PED may be a useful marker to identify individuals at increased risk of depression who may benefit from more frequent and earlier management strategies.