bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xenogeneic acellular nerve scaffolds supplemented with autologous bone marrow‐derived stem cells promote axonal outgrowth and remyelination but not nerve function
Authors: Hou Bo , Cai Meiqin , Chen Chuan , Ji Wanqing , Ye Zhuopeng , Ling Cong , Chen Zhuopeng , Guo Ying 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAutologous nerves, artificial scaffolds or acellular nerve scaffolds are commonly used in bridging treatment for peripheral nerve defects. Xenogeneic acellular nerve scaffolds and allogeneic cellular nerve scaffolds have the same structural characteristics. Due to the wider source of raw materials, these latter scaffolds have high‐potential value for applications. However, whether their heterogeneity will affect nerve regeneration is unknown. The current study evaluated the efficiency of xenogeneic acellular nerve scaffolds (XANs) combined with 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU)‐labeling of autologous bone marrow‐derived stem cells (BMSCs) for repair of a 1.5 cm gap in rat sciatic nerves. XANs from rabbit tibial nerves were prepared, the structure and components of the scaffolds were evaluated after completely removing the cellular components. Animals were divided into four groups based on graft: the simple XAN group, the XAN + BMSC group, the XAN + Media (from BMSC culture) group, and the autograft group. Serological immune tests showed that XANs induce an immune response in the first 2 weeks after transplantation. Moreover, cell tracking revealed that the proportion of EdU+ cells decreased over time, as shown by the measures at 2 days (70%), 4 days (20%), and 8 days (even <3%) postoperatively. Nerve functional analyses revealed that in contrast to the autograft group results, the XAN‐BMSC, XAN + Media, and XAN groups did not exhibit good restoration of the sciatic functional index (SFI) or electrophysiological results (the peak action potential amplitudes) 12 weeks, postoperatively. However, the XAN‐BMSC and autograft groups demonstrated greater remyelination and increased axon numbers and myelin thickness than the XAN + Media and XAN groups 12 weeks, postoperatively (p < .05). In conclusion, in the early stage of transplantation, XANs induce a certain degree of inflammation. Although the combination of XANs with autologous BMSCs enhanced the number of regenerated axons and the remyelination, the combination did not effectively improve the recovery of nervous motor function. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3065–3078, 2018.
Molecular layer deposition builds biocompatible substrates for epithelial cells
Authors: Momtazi Leva , Dartt Darlene A. , Nilsen Ola , Eidet Jon Roger 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe demand for novel biocompatible materials as surface coating in the field of regenerative medicine is high. We explored molecular layer deposition (MLD) technique for building surface coatings and introduced a new group of substrates consisting of amino acids, or nucleobases, and the biocompatible metal titanium. The substrates were built from titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) with l‐lysine, glycine, l‐aspartic acid, l‐arginine, thymine, uracil, and adenine. Substrates based on zirconium chloride and terephthalic acid were also included. Titanium oxide (TiO2) substrates made by atomic layer deposition and uncoated cover slips served as controls. Rat conjunctival epithelial goblet cells were grown in RPMI 1640 and RT‐PCR, immunofluorescence, cell attachment, proliferation, and viability were analyzed. Cells cultured on MLD and uncoated substrates were proliferating (positive for Ki67). Cell attachment after 3 h of culture on MLD substrates was similar to uncoated coverslips (p > 0.05). Compared to uncoated coverslips, cell proliferation assayed with alamarBlue® after 4 days was significantly higher on all MLD substrates (p < 0.05), whereas terephthalic acid‐containing MLD substrates reduced proliferation (p < 0.01). Viability assessed by LIVE/DEAD® was high (>85%) for all substrates after 5 days. The novel MLD technique is promising for building biocompatible substrates that direct epithelial cell growth. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3090–3098, 2018.
Comparison of catheter thrombogenicity in a modified chandler loop model using goat blood
Authors: Olsen Aaron L. , Long Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThrombogenicity testing is a key component in the development of medical devices intended for contact with blood. The Chandler loop system has previously been used as an in vitro thrombogenicity testing method. In this study, we used a modified version of the Chandler loop model to evaluate its capacity to detect differential thrombogenic potential of different catheter materials using goat blood. We also sought to determine the optimal experimental conditions for detecting the thrombogenicity of catheter material. Using the Chandler loop system with goat blood we demonstrated that silicone catheters had a stronger thrombogenicity as compared to polyurethane catheters as evidenced by significantly larger thrombi (p < 0.001) and higher infusion pressures (p < 0.05). This is consistent with many, but not all, previous in vitro and in vivo studies comparing polyurethane to silicone catheters. The use of this modified Chandler loop system with goat blood may provide an additional in vitro testing platform for thrombogenicity testing of catheters. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3143–3151, 2018.
Advanced inorganic nanocomposite for decontaminating titanium dental implants
Authors: Al‐Hashedi Ashwaq A. , Laurenti Marco , Amine Mezour Mohamed , Basiri Tayebeh , Touazine Heithem , Jahazi Mohamed , Tamimi Faleh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOral hygiene and regular maintenance are crucial for preserving good peri‐implant health. However, available prophylaxis products and toothpastes, which are optimized for cleaning teeth, tend to contaminate and abrade implant surfaces due to their organic components and silica microparticles, respectively. This study aims to develop an organic‐free implant‐paste based on two‐dimensional nanocrystalline magnesium phosphate gel and hydrated silica nanoparticles (20–30% w/w) for cleaning oral biofilm on titanium dental implants. The surface chemistry, morphology, and bacterial load of contaminated Ti disks before and after decontamination using prophylaxis brushing with toothpaste and implant‐paste were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Both commercial toothpastes and implant‐paste remove bacteria, however, only implant‐paste protects Ti metal from abrasion and removes organic contaminants. XPS showed a significant decrease of carbon contamination from 73% ± 2 to 20% ± 2 after mechanical brushing with implant‐paste compared to 41% ± 11 when brushing with commercial toothpastes (p < 0.05). Fluorescence microscopy revealed that bacteria load on biofilm contaminated Ti (44 × 103 ± 27 × 103/µm2) was significantly reduced with the implant‐paste to 2 × 103 ± 1 × 102/µm2 and with a commercial toothpaste to 2.9 × 103 ± 7·102/µm2. This decay is relatively higher than the removal achieved using rotary prophylaxis brush alone (5 × 103 ± 1 × 103/µm2, p < 0.05). Accordingly, this novel implant‐paste shows a great promise as an efficient decontamination approach. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 761–772, 2019.
Cellular Response to 3‐D Printed Bioactive Silicate and Borosilicate Glass Scaffolds
Authors: Jia Weitao , Lau Grace Y , Huang Wenhai , Zhang Changqing , Tomsia Antoni P , Fu Qiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe repair and regeneration of loaded segmental bone defects is a challenge for both materials and biomedical science communities. Our recent work demonstrated the capability of bioactive glass in supporting bone healing and defect bridging using a rabbit femur segmental defect model without growth factors or bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Here in the current work, a comprehensive in vitro evaluation of bioactive silicate (13–93) and borosilicate (2B6Sr) glass scaffolds was conducted to provide further understanding of their biological performances and to establish a correlation between in vitro and in vivo behaviors. Our in vitro evaluation using a murine MC3T3‐E1 cell line confirmed the capability of both scaffolds to support cell attachment, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) formation, and to stimulate mineral deposition and osteoblast marker gene expression. In particular, borosilicate (2B6Sr) glass showed a better capability in supporting the mineralization and gene expression than silicate (13–93) glass, consistent with a faster bone healing ability in vivo. The current in vitro results, combined with our previous in vivo findings, provide a strong basis for the further translational evaluation of bioactive glass scaffolds and for potential preclinical practice. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 818–824, 2019.
Bone morphogenic protein expression and bone formation are induced by bioactive glass S53P4 scaffoldsin vivo
Authors: Björkenheim Robert , Strömberg Gustav , Ainola Mari , Uppstu Peter , Aalto‐Setälä Laura , Hupa Leena , Pajarinen Jukka , Lindfors Nina C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe two‐stage induced‐membrane (IM) technique is increasingly used for treatment of large bone defects. In stage one, the bone defect is filled with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which induces a membrane around the implant. In stage two, PMMA is replaced with bone graft. Bioactive glasses (BAGs) are bone substitutes with bone‐stimulating and angiogenic properties. We have previously shown that a certain type of BAG can also induce a foreign‐body membrane similar to PMMA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone‐forming capacity of sintered BAG‐S53P4 and poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA)‐coated BAG‐S53P4 scaffolds for potential use as bone substitutes in a single‐stage IM technique. Sintered porous rods of BAG‐S53P4, BAG‐S53P4‐PLGA, or PMMA were implanted in rabbit femurs for 2, 4, or 8 weeks. The expression of bone morphogenic protein (BMP)‐2, ‐4, and ‐7 in the IMs of implanted materials were analyzed with real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Micro‐computed tomography imaging was used to evaluate bone growth and further verified with scanning electron microscopy. BAG‐S53P4 and BAG‐S53P4‐PGLA scaffold IMs show similar or superior expression of BMP‐2, ‐4, and ‐7 compared with PMMA IM. Bone ingrowth into BAG scaffolds increased over time. Active bone formation occurred inside the BAG scaffolds and the respective BMP expressions were similar or superior for the BAG IMs compared with PMMA, thus making BAGs a promising device for single‐stage treatment of bone defects. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res B Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 847–857, 2019.
Acylated catalpol diglycoside ameliorates lipopolysaccharides‐induced acute lung injury through inhibition of iNOS and TNF‐α expression
Authors: El‐Awady Mohammed S. , Said Eman , Baraka Hany N. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a universal cause of respiratory failure and death especially after sepsis. The current study evaluates the protective efficacy of acylated catalpol diglycoside (ACD), a plant iridoid glycoside, against lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced ALI in rats. ACD prevented LPS‐induced elevations in total and differential cell counts and total protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung malondialdehyde content, and serum lactate dehydrogenase activity. Moreover, ACD significantly increased lung glutathione and superoxide dismutase and improved lung histopathology with significant reduction in lung tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) content mediated mainly via inhibition of TNF‐α messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. In addition, ACD significantly reduced lung total nitrate concentration content through downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression, negating the excessive undesired vasodilatation characteristic to sepsis. In conclusion, the reduction of oxidative stress, amelioration of inflammatory cytokines expression, and antagonism of sepsis associated‐excessive vasodilatation are main contributors in ACD’s protective effect in LPS‐induced ALI in rats.
The inhibition effect of garlic‐derived compounds on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and saquinavir
Authors: GÖKALP Faik 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGarlic has been used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Garlic reduces the risk of some diseases. This protective effect is due to the organosulfur compounds of garlic. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition effects of garlic‐derived compounds on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) and as the most important anti‐HIV‐1 medicine. The activation of saquinavir is believed to be the principal mechanism behind the protective effects of HIV‐1. Our theoretical calculations are performed for blood phase by using the density functional theory for the main compounds of garlic. The chemical activity and solubility of ajoene and the mainly derived compounds of garlic as theoretical calculations are important for the medical research comparing with the other compounds of the garlic. The theoretical calculations have helped us to determine which active ingredient of the garlic having inhibition effects on HIV‐1 and saquinavir.
Helianthus annuus L. flower prevents UVB‐induced photodamage in human dermal fibroblasts by regulating the MAPK/AP‐1, NFAT, and Nrf2 signaling pathways
Authors: Hwang Eunson , Gao Wei , Xiao Yong‐kun , Ngo Hien T. T. , Yi Tae‐Hoo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundExcessive ultraviolet radiation usually causes skin photoaging, inflammation, and even photocarcinogenesis. UV radiation‐generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a major contributing factor to photodamage. The flowers of Helianthus annuus L. have been reported to possess strong anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, there are few reports on the use of H. annuus L. to relieve UVB‐induced photoaging.PurposeIn this study, we evaluated the protective effect of a 50% ethanol extract of H. annuus L. flower (HAF) against UVB‐induced photodamage using normal human dermal fibroblasts.MethodsThe secretion of ROS, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), procollagen type I, and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) was measured with kits. The messenger RNA levels of COX‐2, iNOS, and TGF‐α were measured by RT‐PCR. The AP‐1, MAPK, NFAT, and Nrf2 pathways were investigated by Western blot analysis.ResultsHAF extract significantly blocked UVB‐induced ROS and MMP (MMP‐1 and MMP‐3) production and procollagen type I reduction. Further study demonstrated that the photoaging inhibitory actions were related to promotion of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, upregulation of TGF‐β1 level, and downregulation of AP‐1 and MAPK phosphorylation. Importantly, HAF effectively inhibited UVB‐induced VEGF and inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6, COX‐2, iNOS, and TNF‐α secretion, which might be involved in the regulation of the NFAT signaling pathway.ConclusionOur results indicate that HAF is a useful botanical source protecting against UVB‐mediated skin photodamage.
BLACAT1 predicts poor prognosis and serves as oncogenic lncRNA in small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Hang Ye , Xu Weiwei , Wu Jixiang , Chen Longyun , Chen Jinzhong , Mao Yixiang , Song Jin , Song Jianxiang , Wang Hanhua 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBladder cancer‐associated transcript 1 (BLACAT1) is a novel identified long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in bladder cancer, and has been suggested to function as an oncogenic lncRNA in several types of human cancer. However, its involvement in the progression of small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) remained unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical value and biological function in SCLC. In our results, BLACAT1 expression was increased in SCLC tissues and cell lines compared with paired adjacent normal tissues and bronchial epithelial cell lines, respectively. In addition, BLACAT1 high‐expression was obviously associated with advanced clinical stage, large tumor size, more lymph node metastasis, present distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. Furthermore, multivariate analysis indicated that high‐expression of BLACAT1 acted as an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival in SCLC cases. The loss‐of‐function studies suggested that of BLACAT1 suppressed SCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced G0/G1 phase arrest. In conclusion, BLACAT1 is associated with the malignant status and prognosis in patients with SCLC, and functions as an oncogenic lncRNA in regulating cell proliferation and motility, suggesting BLACAT1 may act as a potential target for SCLC prevention and treatment.
Molecular genetic study of glutaric aciduria, type I: Identification of a novel mutation
Authors: Shadmehri Azam Ahmadi , Fattahi Najmeh , Pourreza Mohammad Reza , Koohiyan Mahboobeh , Zarifi Shahnaz , Darbouy Mojtaba , Sharifi Reza , Tavakkoly Bazzaz Javad , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGlutaric acidemia type I (GA‐1) is an inborn error of metabolism due to deficiency of glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), which catalyzes the conversion of glutaryl‐CoA to crotonyl‐CoA. GA‐1 occurs in about 1 in 100 000 infants worldwide. The GCDH gene is on human chromosome 19p13.2, spans about 7 kb and comprises 11 exons and 10 introns. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used for clinical diagnosis in a proband from Iran with GA‐1. Sanger sequencing was performed using primers specific for coding exons and exon‐intron flanking regions of the
GCDH gene in the proband. Cosegregation analysis and in silico assessment were performed to confirm the pathogenicity of the candidate variant. A novel homozygous missense variant c.1147C > A (p.Arg383Ser) in exon 11 of
GCDH was identified. Examination of variant through in silico software tools determines its deleterious effect on protein in terms of function and stability. The variant cosegregates with the disease in family. In this study, the clinical and molecular aspects of GA‐1 were investigated, which showed one novel mutation in the
GCDH gene in an Iranian patient. The variant is categorized as pathogenic according to the the guideline of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) for variant interpretation. This mutation c.1147C > A (p.Arg383Ser) may also be prevalent among Iranian populations.
Allometric scaling of morphology and engulfment capacity in rorqual whales
Authors: Kahane‐Rapport Shirel R. , Goldbogen Jeremy A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBody length is one of the most important factors that influence organismal function and ecological niche. Although larger animals tend to have a suite of physiological advantages, such as lower mass‐specific metabolic rates and lower costs of transport, they may also experience significant limitations to unsteady locomotor performance or maneuverability because of the relative scaling of control surface areas and body mass. Rorqual whales are the largest of all animals and thus represent a unique study system for understanding how animals function at the extreme of body mass. Rorquals are characterized by an engulfment‐filtration foraging strategy facilitated by a complex set of morphological adaptations. We studied the scaling of key morphological structures related to locomotion and feeding in six rorqual species in a comparative framework. Our analyses show that most rorqual species exhibit positive allometry of both the control surfaces and body length, but the large scaling differences between these parameters suggest that larger rorquals will predictably suffer from decreased maneuverability and unsteady locomotor performance. However, we found that the dimensions of the engulfment apparatus also exhibit positive allometry, and thus engulfment capacity was relatively greater in larger rorquals. We posit that the allometric growth in the engulfment apparatus may be an adaptation that ameliorates the detrimental effects of large size on maneuverability. Our analyses also reveal significant differences in the scaling of mass‐specific engulfment capacity among rorqual species that may reflect the evolution of unique foraging behaviors and the exploitation of divergent ecological niches.
Diffusion Kurtosis at 3.0T as an in vivo Imaging Marker for Breast Cancer Characterization: Correlation With Prognostic Factors
Authors: Huang Yao , Lin Yan , Hu Wei , Ma Changchun , Lin Weixun , Wang Zhening , Liang Jiahao , Ye Wei , Zhao Jiayun , Wu Renhua 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundDiffusion‐kurtosis imaging (DKI) has preliminarily shown promise as a relatively new MRI technique to provide useful information regarding breast lesions, but the diagnostic performance of DKI has not been fully evaluated.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of DKI, diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI) and proton MR spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions independently or jointly, and explore the correlation between DKI‐derived parameters and prognostic factors.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsSeventy‐one patients with breast lesions (50 malignant, 26 benign).SequenceDKI, DWI, DCE‐MRI, and 1H‐MRS were performed at 3.0T.AssessmentMean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), BI‐RADS category, and choline peaks were analyzed by two experienced radiologists.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test was used for continuous variables; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for assessing the diagnostic accuracy of imaging parameters; Spearman or Pearson correlations for assessing the associations between imaging parameters and prognostic factors.ResultsMK exhibited higher area under the curves (AUCs) for differentiating malignant from benign lesions than did MD, ADC, DCE, and tCho (0.979 vs. 0.928, 0.911, 0.777, and 0.833, respectively, P < 0.05). MK showed a positive association with Ki‐67 expression (r = 0.508) and histologic grades (r = 0.551), whereas MD and ADC were negatively correlated with Ki‐67 expression (r = –0.416 and r = –0.458) and histologic grades (r = –0.411 and r = –0.319). Moreover, MK showed relatively higher AUCs compared with MD and ADC in detecting breast cancers with lymph nodal involvement, histologic grades, and Ki‐67 expression.Data ConclusionMK has higher diagnostic accuracy compared with ADC, DCE, and tCho regarding detection of breast cancer. Moreover, DKI shows promise as a quantitative imaging technique for characterizing breast lesions, highlighting the potential utility of MK as a promising imaging marker for predicting tumor aggressiveness.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:845–856.