bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)‐Responsive Artificial H+/Cl− Ion Channels for Targeted Cancer Treatment
Authors: Jia Chunyan , Luo Daoxin , Zhou Jin , Xie Xiaopan , Yuen In Lam Hilbert , Li Pengzhe , Mu Yuguang , Zeng Zhiping , Ren Changliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive ion channels regulate the ion flow across the membranes in response to alterations in the cellular redox state, playing a crucial role in cellular adaptation to oxidative stress. Despite their significance, replicating ROS‐responsive functionality in artificial ion channels remains elusive. In this study, we introduce a novel class of artificial H+/Cl− ion channels activatable by elevated ROS levels in cancer cells. ROS‐induced decaging of the phenylboronate group triggers the rapid release of the channel‐forming units, leading to self‐assembly of the H‐bonded cascades facilitating the synergistic transport of H+ and Cl− ions, with H+/Cl− ion transport selectivity of 7.7. Upon activation, ROS‐C‐Cl exhibits significant apoptotic activity against human breast cancer cells, achieving an IC50 of 2.8 μM, comparable to that of paclitaxel. Exploiting the intrinsic oxidative microenvironment of cancer cells, along with the enhanced oxidative stress arising from H+/Cl− co‐transport, ROS‐C‐Cl demonstrates exceptional selectivity in targeting cancer cells with a selectivity index of 10.2 over normal breast cells, outperforming that of paclitaxel by 19.4 folds.
Electrochemical CO2 Fixation and Release Cycle Featuring a Trinuclear Zinc Complex for Direct Air Capture
Authors: Murase Masakazu , Sakamoto Naonari , Uyama Takeshi , Nonaka Takamasa , Ohashi Masataka , Sato Shunsuke , Arai Takeo , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCO2 capture technology can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. CO2 capture driven by electrochemical reactions is attractive because the operation is carried out at normal temperature and pressure and involves a simple input system using electrical energy. Although promising metal complexes with high CO2 fixation performance have been reported, there are few studies on systems that combine electrochemical reactions and metal complexes. Here, we demonstrated stable CO2 fixation‐release cycles using an electrochemical system with trinuclear Zn(II) complex (Zn3L) as the CO2 fixative and an ionic liquid as a supporting electrolyte for the stable operation. This system showed a faster CO2 fixation rate than that of an aqueous alkaline solution at the same concentration. Continuous release and refixation of CO2 were achieved by decomposition and reconstruction of the complex structure induced by H+ and OH− supplied from a bipolar membrane equipped in the electrolytic cell. The CO2 fixation‐release cycle was demonstrated even for dilute CO2 (450 ppm) in air, where the CO2 capture rate reached approximately 46 % of CO2 contained in the air under an air flow condition of 200 mL ⋅ min−1. This case, combining electrochemical drive and metal complexes, will provide a new option for CO2 capture technology.
Fighting Antimicrobial Resistance: Innovative Drugs in Antibacterial Research
Authors: Süssmuth Roderich D. , Kulike‐Koczula Marcel , Gao Peng , Kosol Simone 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the fight against bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multi‐resistant pathogens known as “superbugs”, the need for new antibacterials is undoubted in scientific communities and is by now also widely perceived by the general population. However, the antibacterial research landscape has changed considerably over the past years. With few exceptions, the majority of big pharma companies has left the field and thus, the decline in R&D on antibacterials severely impacts the drug pipeline. In recent years, antibacterial research has increasingly relied on smaller companies or academic research institutions, which mostly have only limited financial resources, to carry a drug discovery and development process from the beginning and through to the beginning of clinical phases. This review formulates the requirements for an antibacterial in regard of targeted pathogens, resistance mechanisms and drug discovery. Strategies are shown for the discovery of new antibacterial structures originating from natural sources, by chemical synthesis and more recently from artificial intelligence approaches. This is complemented by principles for the computer‐aided design of antibacterials and the refinement of a lead structure. The second part of the article comprises a compilation of antibacterial molecules classified according to bacterial target structures, e.g. cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, as well as more recently emerging target classes, e.g. fatty acid synthesis, proteases and membrane proteins. Aspects of the origin, the antibacterial spectrum, resistance and the current development status of the presented drug molecules are highlighted.
Strange Stars in the Color‐Flavor Locked (CFL) Phase: Masses, Radii and Deformabilities
Authors: Köpp Fábio , Horvath Jorge Ernesto , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Zen Vasconcellos César A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the search for the true ground state of dense matter at sufficiently large densities and low temperatures, we model the color‐flavor locked quark phase (CFL) and elaborate on strange quark star models. We address then the feasibility conditions for the realization of the phase diagram of dense nuclear matter, as a function of the baryonic chemical potential, , and the temperature (plane ), in the compact stars (neutron star, quark star or hybrid star) regime , , where represents the mass of the nucleon. Finally, we compare our results with recent mass‐radius values and the tidal deformability of the GW170817 event (NS‐NS merger). Given observational and theoretical uncertainties in the determination of the phase diagram of superdense matter—specifically at the color superconductor region, in our study we focus our attention on consistent parametrizations of the quark matter density , the superconducting band gap and the strange quark mass in order to match observational mass predictions. Our results are in accordance with observational expectations for massive compact stars, exceeding in some cases solar masses.
An evaluation of compassion‐focused therapy groups for women accessing a specialist perinatal service in England
Authors: Lawrence Kate , Nicholson Hannah , Iwanow Magdalena , Johnston Tara , Skelhorn Lucy , Toole Emily , O'Shaughnessy Ruth 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe perinatal period is a potentially vulnerable time for new mothers and infants, and can trigger self‐criticism and feelings of shame or blame. Compassion‐focussed therapy (CFT) focusses on developing an alternative to shame and self‐criticism.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate a transdiagnostic CFT group for women accessing a specialist perinatal service.MethodQuantitative data were obtained from 114 people who engaged in the intervention. Participants completed a range of pre‐ and post‐group self‐report outcome measures that assessed self‐criticism and self‐compassion, mental health, parent–infant bonding and personalised goals.FindingsStatistically significant improvements were found on all measures, suggesting that attending the CFT group resulted in meaningful change.ConclusionsResults suggest that CFT groups are feasible and efficacious for women in the perinatal period across a range of clinical presentations. Limitations of this study are considered together with future directions for research into perinatal CFT.
Mo−O−Sn Bond Boosting Kinetics of MoO2−xSnO2/Sn Anode for High‐Performance Li‐ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Xiaojun , Li Wangzi , Bai Panqing , Dong Zhenyu , Yang Zhen , Dang Yubo , Gao Tianqi , Yuan Xing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObtaining a robust electrode composed of Sn‐based metal oxides and carbonaceous matrix through nanoscale structure engineering is essential for effectively improving Li‐ion batteries’ electrochemical performance and stability. Herein, we report a bimetallic MoO2‐xSnO2/Sn nanoparticles uniformly anchored on N, S co‐doped graphene nanosheets (MoO2‐xSnO2/Sn@NSG) as an anode electrode for Li‐ion battery via a one‐step hydrothermal and thermal treatment approach. In the MoO2‐xSnO2/Sn nanocomposite, the generated Sn−O−Mo bond can modulate the electronic and composition structures to improve the intrinsic conductivity of SnO2 and reinforce the structural stability during cycles. Moreover, featuring excellent electronic conductivity via coupling of MoO2‐xSnO2/Sn and hierarchical NBG matrix, the MoO2‐xSnO2/Sn@NSG electrode possesses ultrafast electrochemical kinetics and superior long‐term cycling stability and rate capability. Additionally, the hierarchical MoO2‐2SnO2/Sn@NSG can suppress the aggregation and accommodate the volume variations of active substances, thereby providing more lithium storage sites. Consequently, the optimized MoO2‐2SnO2/Sn@NSG anode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 904 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and excellent cycling performance with the reversible capacity of 456 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 over 600 cycles. The universal synthesis technology of bimetallic oxide anodes for advanced LIBs may provide vital guidance in designing high‐performance energy‐storage materials.
Hydridostannylene Derivatives of Magnesium and Calcium
Authors: Kennedy Dominic B. , Pearce Kyle G. , Neale Samuel E. , Morris Louis J. , Mahon Mary F. , Lowe John P. , McMullin Claire L. , Jones Cameron , Hill Michael S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReactions of a m‐terphenylhydridostannylene with β‐diketiminato magnesium and calcium hydrides provide bis‐μ2‐hydrido species, the heterobimetallic constitutions of which are maintained after the addition of THF donor solvent. In both cases, reactions with hex‐1‐ene result in the formation of tetravalent organostannyl alkaline earth derivatives. Whereas the magnesium reagent undergoes facile twofold addition, the calcium‐centered process is arrested after a single alkene reduction event. This contrasting behavior is assessed to result from the heavier alkaline earth element's ability to form a persistent polyhapto interaction with an arene substituent of the m‐terphenyl ligand.
Myelinated Glial Cells: Their Proposed Role in Waste Clearance and Neurodegeneration in Arachnid and Human Brain
Authors: Fabian‐Fine Ruth , Weaver Adam L. , Roman Abigail G. , Winters Melanie J. , DeWitt John C. 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYOne of the most important goals in biomedical sciences is understanding the causal mechanisms of neurodegeneration. A prevalent hypothesis relates to impaired waste clearance mechanisms from the brain due to reported waste aggregation in the brains of Alzheimer patients, including amyloid‐β plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles. Currently, our understanding of the mechanisms by which waste is removed from the brain is only fragmentary. Here we provide compelling evidence that waste clearance from brain tissue is highly conserved in arachnids and humans. Utilizing RNAscope in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and histological approaches, we demonstrate that cellular debris in spider neurons is engulfed by myelin‐forming ependymal glial cells that transect into neuronal somata and form myelin‐derived waste‐internalizing receptacles. These canal systems channel this debris into the lymphatic system likely in an aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) water channel‐dependent manner. We provide robust evidence that a similar process may be true in human hippocampus where vast numbers of myelinated AQP4‐immunoreactive ependymal glial cells send cellular projections into the somata of neurons and glial cells where they differentiate into waste internalizing receptacles. In the brains of Alzheimer decedents, hypertrophic impairment of these myelinated glial cells leads to the catastrophic obstruction and depletion of neuronal cytoplasm into the ependymal glial cells. At the cellular level, the structural impairment of macroglia leads to swelling myelin protrusions that appear as electron‐lucent circular profiles, explaining spongiform abnormalities associated with the neurodegenerative diseases described here. We propose to term this novel type of macroglia‐mediated cell death “gliaptosis.”
An Electrochemical Screening Reactor Kit for Rapid Optimization of Electrosynthesis Applications
Authors: Wickert Leon , Pellumbi Kevinjeorjios , Kleinhaus Julian T. , Wolf Jonas , Obel Julia , Cao Rui , Siegmund Daniel , Apfel Ulf‐Peter 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectrosynthetic processes powered by renewable energy present a viable solution to decarbonize the chemical industry, while producing essential chemical products for modern society. However, replacing well‐established thermocatalytic methods with renewable‐powered electrosynthesis requires cost‐efficient and highly optimized systems. Current optimization of electrolysis conditions towards industrial applications involving scalable electrodes is time‐consuming, highlighting the necessity for the development of electrochemical setups aimed at rapid and material efficient testing. To address this challenge, we introduce a 3D‐printed electrochemical screening reactor designed for rapid optimization of relevant electrochemical parameters, utilizing electrode and membrane materials comparable to those in scalable electrolyzers. The reactor comprises eight individual two‐compartment cells that can be operated simultaneously and independently. To evaluate the reactor′s ability to provide meaningful insights on scalable cell designs, trends were compared with data from conventional scalable systems for electrochemical hydrogenations (EChH), demonstrating fast and accurate parameter optimization with the screening reactor. A detailed description of the reactor design and construction data files are provided using open‐source tools, enabling easy modification for anyone. We believe this screening reactor will be a valuable tool for the scientific community, for facilitating the discovery of reactions with customized electrode designs and rapidly improving conditions in established large‐scale electrolyzers.
An Adaptive Control Strategy for VSG Parameters With Perturbation Segmentation
Authors: Wang Meijie , Cen Honglei , Lu Min , Li Jingbin , Zhao M. , Li Jingyun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe virtual synchronous generator (VSG)–based photovoltaic system is affected by the external environment and sudden changes in load, which can lead to deteriorations in dynamic characteristics of power and frequency and even system instability. To ensure the dynamic performance and stability of the system, it is necessary to adjust the inertia‐damping parameters in time. This paper proposes a new cooperative adaptive control strategy for VSG inertia and damping parameters by analyzing the output angular frequency change and angular frequency deviation during the dynamic process of the system. Segmental adaptation is based on the size of the perturbation. The parameter selection rule is improved to increase the sensitivity of the parameter adjustment, and the improved sign function is used to prevent the parameter overmodulation problem. Finally, the proposed strategy is verified to effectively improve the system response speed and antidisturbance ability by comparing it with the traditional strategy on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform.
A rectal ulcer caused by hydrogel spacer insertion: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yagi Sen , Kawano Moyu , Kawasaki Keitaro , Murakami Takatoshi , Miyaike Jiro , Furukawa Shinya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA 75‐year‐old man presented with hematochezia. He had been diagnosed with prostate cancer (stage 1) 1 month previously and had undergone gold marker injection and hydrogel spacer insertion 3 weeks previously to prepare for radiotherapy. Hydrogel spacer insertion is a safe procedure that can prevent the side effects of radiotherapy for prostate cancer. A computed tomography evaluation identified a low‐density area that extended from the prostate to the rectal wall. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen revealed the hydrogel spacer between the anterior rectal wall and prostate. A colonoscopy revealed an approximately 2 cm ulcer in the rectum. The patient was diagnosed with a rectal ulcer with bleeding caused by hydrogel spacer insertion. Conservative follow‐up was performed, and his condition improved over time. Radiotherapy for prostate cancer was initiated 4 months after hydrogel spacer insertion. The patient has not experienced any abdominal symptoms such as bloody stools since that time. Because the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing, the number of such cases is likely to increase in the future.
The Influence of Negative Affect and Food Stimuli on Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Gil Meital , Latzer Yael , Tziperman Noa , Farbstein Dan , Sher Helene , Weinbach Noam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveInflexible thinking among individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) was proposed to reflect difficulties in set‐shifting. However, studies assessing set‐shifting in AN often find mixed results, especially in adolescent samples. It has been proposed that affective states and exposure to disorder‐salient stimuli may modulate executive functions in AN. The current study examined the influence of induced negative emotion on the ability to shift toward or away from a food categorisation task among adolescents with AN.MethodsThe study included 47 adolescents with AN and 41 healthy adolescents who performed a modified task‐switching paradigm.ResultsNo indication of general set‐shifting difficulties among adolescents with AN was found. Nevertheless, the results showed that when negative emotion was induced, adolescents with AN shifted from a non‐food categorisation task to a food categorisation task with greater efficiency compared to a neutral emotion condition. Emotion and switch type did not influence set‐shifting abilities among healthy adolescents.ConclusionThe findings indicate automatic and more efficient switching towards preoccupation with food among adolescents with AN while experiencing negative emotion. The results emphasise the important role played by situational factors in modulating cognitive abilities in individuals with AN.
A New Interpretable State‐of‐Health Assessment Model for Lithium‐Ion Batteries With Multidimensional Adaptability Optimization
Authors: Zhang Zongjun , Qu Yuanyuan , Liu Yuxi , Li Mengqi , Li Hongyu , He Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe state‐of‐health (SOH) assessment of lithium‐ion batteries is critical to the development and optimization of maintenance strategies. To ensure the accuracy of the assessment results, it must not only address a variety of uncertainties but also rationalize and transparently conduct the assessment process, as well as make the results interpretable and traceable. These requirements are necessary to ensure that the battery operates safely and steadily. As an interpretable modeling method, belief rule base (BRB) has been widely used in lithium‐ion battery SOH assessment. However, current BRB‐based models face two problems: (1) The initial reference values provided by experts often have limited accuracy due to complex internal chemistry. (2) The multidimensionality of the parameters in the interpretable optimization process and the differences in their properties should be fully considered. Therefore, this paper proposes a new SOH assessment model for lithium‐ion batteries based on an interpretable BRB with multidimensional adaptability optimization (IBRB‐mao). First, an interpretable knowledge and data dual‐driven reference value generation method is proposed to address the issue of imprecise reference values. Expert knowledge is maintained when generating reference values using this method. Second, two interpretable multidimensional constraint strategies are proposed to ensure interpretability in the optimization process. Finally, the NASA lithium‐ion battery data set is taken as a case study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
ISOA‐DBN: A New Data‐Driven Method for Studying the Operating Characteristics of Air Conditioners
Authors: Zhou Mengran , Zhang Qiqi , Hu Feng , Wang Ling , Zhou Guangyao , Kong Weile , Wu Changzhen , Cui Enhan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAir conditioning load is a crucial demand response resource for optimizing energy consumption control, and its accurate analysis provides an essential basis for achieving efficient energy management. We aim at solving the problems of scarcity, single type, low accuracy and difficult construction of high‐quality data sets available for air conditioning operation characteristic models at present. This paper proposes a construction method of air conditioning operation characteristic model based on an improved seagull optimization algorithm to optimize deep belief network (ISOA‐DBN). Firstly, the data set for the study of air conditioning operation characteristics is obtained through experiments. Secondly, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) and Deep Belief Network (DBN) are used to study the operating characteristics of air conditioning. The results show that the model effect is better when DBN is used to study the operating characteristics of air conditioning, and the coefficient of determination reaches 0.9439. Then, the SOA is improved, and its performance is tested. The results show that ISOA performs better than SOA in the test of 14 standard functions. Finally, the ISOA is used to adjust the DBN parameters finely. The results show that compared with DBN and SOA‐DBN, ISOA‐DBN has a better model effect when used to study the operating characteristics of air conditioners, and the coefficient of determination reaches 0.9534. This can provide strong support for studying air conditioning operating characteristics under different working conditions and has broad application prospects in optimizing energy consumption control.
Physicochemical, Antioxidant Characteristics and Sensory Evaluation of Functional Pro‐Biogenic Ice Cream
Authors: Soodbar Mehri , Mojgani Naheed , Sanjabi Mohammad Reza , Mirdamadi Saeed , Soltani Mostafa 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPro‐biogenic is a recent terminology widely used for products that combine biogenic materials and probiotics which has made progressive improvement in a new era of research on functional foods. This study aimed to develop functional ice cream with Bacillus coagulans and propolis extract (PE) as a biogenic part to develop ice cream's physiochemical and antioxidant characteristics. Five probiotic ice cream samples were prepared using different levels of PE powder (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% w/w), and the physicochemical, total phenol content (TPC), antioxidant and sensory properties, and probiotic survival of the samples were examined. The study found that PE levels did not significantly impact fat, protein, carbohydrate, and ash content, overrun, melting rate, and adhesiveness of probiotic ice cream, but increased dry matter, apparent viscosity, and hardness. Adding PE to freeze‐storage samples significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pH and improved TPC and antioxidant activity. The prepared ice cream containing probiotic bacteria and PE extracts, despite their darker and yellower color, were acceptable based on sensory evaluation. Furthermore, the survival of probiotic bacteria in the ice cream, with different levels of PE appeared to be in acceptable limits (107 CFU/g). The findings of the research indicated that the pro‐biogenic ice cream has good functionality and incorporating a PE aside probiotic could improve physiochemical and antioxidant characteristics which can be used as a value‐added ingredient in the formulation of functional pro‐biogenic ice creams.