bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health vulnerability to flood-induced risks of households in flood-prone informal settlements in the Coastal City of Mombasa, Kenya
Authors: Okaka Fredrick Okoth , Odhiambo Beneah D. O. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Floods have serious consequences on community well-being and health. This study was intended to address the health vulnerability of households in flood prone informal settlements in the coastal city of Mombasa in Kenya and their adaptation measures. Mombasa City has a history of floods, in the recent past, significant severe incidences of flooding events have already been experienced. However, there is dearth of evidence regarding vulnerability of households living in informal settlements in the city to the health risks of flooding and households’ coping mechanisms. The study participants were randomly drawn from three purposively selected informal settlements in Mombasa City. Health vulnerability was assessed in terms of flood exposure, flood sensitivity, and flood adaptive capacity. While adaptation measures were explored based on the autonomous steps that household have adapted in response to flooding. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions. The findings showed that up to 40.8% of the households had a high level of vulnerability, 46.9% had a medium level, while only 12.3% had low level of vulnerability. The findings also showed that household characteristics, water, sanitation and environmental risk factors had an impact on the level of household vulnerability. As coping mechanisms, households had taken some adaptation measures like clearing trenches to unblock drainage channels and piling sand bags around the house. The study concludes that for poor people living in flood prone areas in urban setting, flood early warnings, flood preventive actions and long term mitigation strategies need to be strengthened since they are exposed to greater health problems. The findings of the study are expected to help communities and local support agencies to identify weaknesses, especially in adaptive capacities, and to indicate ways of reducing future health vulnerability of residents of informal settlements to flooding.
Estimation of Arrival Time of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Vicinity of the Earth Using SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory and Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory Observations
Authors: Ravishankar Anitha , Michałek Grzegorz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The arrival time of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the vicinity of the Earth is one of the most important parameters in determining space weather. We have used a new approach to predicting this parameter. First, in our study, we have introduced a new definition of the speed of ejection. It can be considered as the maximum speed that the CME achieves during the expansion into the interplanetary medium. Additionally, in our research we have used not only observations from the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft but also from Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) spacecrafts. We focus on halo and partial-halo CMEs during the ascending phase of Solar Cycle 24. During this period the STEREO spacecraft were in quadrature position in relation to the Earth. We demonstrated that these conditions of the STEREO observations can be crucial for an accurate determination of the transit times (TTs) of CMEs to the Earth. In our research we defined a new initial velocity of the CME, the maximum velocity determined from the velocity profiles obtained from a moving linear fit to five consecutive height–time points. This new approach can be important from the point of view of space weather as the new parameter is highly correlated with the final velocity of ICMEs. It allows one to predict the TTs with the same accuracy as previous models. However, what is more important is the fact that the new approach has radically reduced the maximum TT estimation errors to 29 hours. Previous studies determined the TT with a maximum error equal to 50 hours.
Restrictions for different functional forms of the matching function
Authors: Ribó Ausias , Vilalta-Bufí Montserrat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We provide bounds on the parameters of matching functions such that the job-finding rate and the vacancy-filling rate are below 1. We do that in the context of the canonical search and matching model with a Pissarides-type free-entry condition. We find that the restrictions for a Cobb–Douglas matching function with increasing returns to scale are rather restrictive, involving an upper bound to future expected profits and the number of job searchers. In contrast, for functional forms with constant returns to scale (Cobb–Douglas, CES) the restrictions involve only parameters or an upper bound to the future expected profits. The paper also investigates when a job-finding rate (vacancy filling rate) below one can restrict the vacancy filling rate (job-finding rate) to be below and strictly bounded away from one. We provide the bounds implied by these “interior equilibria.”
Inhibitory Effect of Alpha-Mangostin to Dengue Virus Replication and Cytokines Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Sugiyanto Zaenal , Yohan Benediktus , Hadisaputro Soeharyo , Dharmana Edi , Suharti Catharina , Winarto  , Djamiatun Kis , Rahmi Fifin L. , Sasmono R. Tedjo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Massive pro-inflammatory cytokines production has been correlated with the pathogenesis of severe dengue disease. The active compound of mangosteen fruit pericarps, α-mangostin, has been commonly used as traditional medicine and dietary supplement. We examined the effect of α-mangostin against dengue virus (DENV) infection in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by the measurement of virus titer and TNF-α and IFN-γ cytokines concentration post infection. Increasing concentration of α-mangostin inhibited virus replication and reduced inflammatory cytokines expression at 24- and 48-h post infection. Our results support the potential use of α-mangostin as anti-antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies in the treatment of dengue.

Graphic Abstract
The Relationship of Close Marital Affairs to Healthy Women’s Sexual Function: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study in Egypt
Authors: Hassanin Ahmed Mohamed , Kaddah Amr Nabhan , El-Amir Mohamed Yousry 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Some marriage-related factors may be associated with women’s sexuality, but this topic has not been sufficiently investigated in developing countries. Indeed, these marital factors can be well planned and/or managed to achieve desirable outcomes; for instance, the legal age of marriage can be increased to 21 years. However, how this will reflect on women’s sexuality should be clarified before any laws are changed.

Aim
The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of the age of marriage, number of children, educational level, duration of marriage, and aging with female sexual function among groups of Egyptian women.

Methods
We analyzed the recorded sociodemographic data and scores of the 19-item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) among 270 apparently healthy women aged 21−45 years. According to the studied variables, the data were divided into various subgroups.

Main Outcome Measure
The sociodemographic data and scores of the FSFI.

Results
Marriage, before or after 21 years, was not correlated with sexual function. FSFI scores were significantly lower among women with ≥3 children and women who had been married for ≥10 years. FSFI scores were significantly lowest in women with the lowest educational level and those aged ≥40 years.

Conclusion
It is important to ensure that people are equipped with accurate information. Sound knowledge can serve as the basis for informed decisions regarding the age of marriage and number of children desired. Furthermore, everyone, not just women, should be aware of the adverse sexual effects associated with long marriages and the age-related declines in sexual activity. Accordingly, women can achieve better sexual satisfaction.
An empirical examination of the emergence of collective psychological ownership in work team contexts
Authors: Pierce Jon L. , Li Dahui , Jussila Iiro , Wang Jianyou 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs work teams have increasingly become the cornerstone of the post bureaucratic organization, there have been calls for a greater understanding of collective thought and action. Such understanding is deemed important for the design and management of teamwork. Theory suggests that feelings of ownership manifest themselves at the collective level, and positively affect team performance effectiveness. This study illuminates the role played by teamwork complexity and team self-management in the emergence of the psychological processes that are associated with the manifestation of job-focused collective psychological ownership (CPO). In addition, employment of serial mediation suggests that both teamwork dimensions put employees on two routes (intimate knowing of and the collective investment of the team members' selves into the job) that lead to the emergence of a collective sense of ownership, and together these two route variables and CPO sequentially mediated a positive relationship between teamwork design and team performance effectiveness.
Inflection of nouns for grammatical number in spoken narratives by people with aphasia: how glass slippers challenge the rule-based approach
Authors: HATCHARD RACHEL , LIEVEN ELENA 
Published: September 2019

abstractInflection impairments are commonly noted in aphasia, particularly non-fluent variants, where descriptions of such difficulties often focus on inflection omission. This aligns withrule-basedtheory, in which inflected forms should be more difficult to produce than their uninflected counterparts. Recent studies address noun inflection for number and potential effects of the relative frequency of singular and plural forms (dominance effects). However, none examine number errors qualitatively or in spontaneous speech. We present quantitative and qualitative analyses of such errors in nouns produced by twelve people with aphasia in spoken Cinderella narratives, examining: error rate; error types and nouns involved; relationship between error production and dominance; and speakers’ consistency with error production and flexibility in varying the noun forms concerned. Twelve unimpaired speakers provide comparison data. While error rates were low, arguably more important is error type. Singularisation and pluralisation errors were observed, all on regular nouns and involving production of the dominant form. The pluralisation errors, all occurring on references to Cinderella’s glass slipper, arguably challenge rule-based predictions that the singular is easier to retrieve than the plural. We suggestconstructivist, usage-basedtheory as a promising framework to characterise such productions. Implications for aphasiology and clinical practice are also discussed.
Relationship between the sharp decrease in dust storm frequency over East Asia and the abrupt loss of Arctic sea ice in the early 1980s
Authors: Shang Ke , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBased on dust storm frequency (DSF) data from the China Meteorological Administration, Arctic sea-ice concentration (SIC) data from the Hadley Centre, and atmospheric reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), temporal variations and regime shifts of East Asian DSF and Arctic SIC during 1961–2015 are revealed, and the possible relationship between them is explored. The results show that East Asian DSF in spring is closely associated with the preceding winter SIC from the northern Greenland Sea to the Barents Sea (20° W–60° E, 74.5° N–78.5° N). In the past half-century, both East Asian DSF and Arctic SIC have shown significant declining trends, with consistent regime shifts in the early 1980s. Further statistical analyses indicate that the abrupt decrease of East Asian DSF in spring may be attributed to the concurrent sharp loss of Arctic SIC in the preceding winter. It is the loss of Arctic SIC that causes the atmospheric circulation anomalies downstream by stimulating a Rossby wave train, resulting in decelerated wind speed, dampened vertical wind shear and restrained synoptic-scale disturbances over the dust source region, eventually leading to the decline in East Asian DSF over decadal timescales.
Changes in the pattern of rhinoscleroma in Egypt: updated experience
Authors: Gamea A M , El Tatawi F A Y , Gamea M A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to record recent changes in the incidence and clinical and histopathological patterns of rhinoscleroma in the middle of Nile Delta in Egypt.MethodTwenty-eight patients with rhinoscleroma were included in this study. Patients who were attending the Department of Otolaryngology at Tanta University Hospitals from January 2014 to January 2019 were included. Cases were diagnosed by clinical, bacteriological and histopathological data. Nasal biopsies were taken for histopathological and electron microscopy studies. All patients received a twelve-week course of 500 mg ciprofloxacin tablets twice daily.ResultsThe rate of rhinoscleroma was shown to be decreasing compared with previous studies. In this study, the disease mainly affected the nose without involvement of the palate, lips, Eustachian tube or bronchi. Histopathological and electron microscopy analyses showed that most cases were in the atrophic and fibrotic stages rather than the granulomatous stage of disease.ConclusionThe incidence of rhinoscleroma in Egypt is decreasing and its clinical and histopathological patterns are changing to less advanced forms. This may be explained by the improvement in socioeconomic conditions and methods of treatment.
Aeschylus’ Aetnaeans, The Palici and Cultural Politics in Deinomenid Sicily
Authors: Thatcher Mark 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper re-evaluates the role of the Palici, a pair of indigenous Sicilian deities, in Aeschylus’ fragmentary tragedy Aetnaeans. Past readings of this play focus on ‘linguistic colonialism’, through which Greeks took possession of native gods and thereby demonstrated their cultural superiority. By contrast, this analysis situates the play within more nuanced models that envision cultural contact as a two-way process and highlight the diversity inherent within the categories of ‘Greek’ and ‘Sikel’. By reading the play in its fifth-century Sicilian context, particularly in light of new archaeological discoveries at the sanctuary of the Palici (Rocchicella di Mineo), this study establishes that – although the play does constitute a form of cultural imperialism – nonetheless we can gain more from focusing on the play’s politics of negotiation and accommodation, rather than appropriation and displacement. A reassessment of three aspects of the Aetnaeans – the birth of the Palici, their parentage and the play’s multiple settings – shows that Aeschylus had access to reliable information about the Palici and reworked it in his play in order to develop a new and uniquely Sicilian cultural synthesis in which indigenous deities play an important role.
Athena Parthenos in Liverpool
Authors: Muskett Georgina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA terracotta figurine depicting Athena Parthenos, which is in the collections of the University of Liverpool and previously dated to the Roman period, is argued to have been made in the 19th century. The premise is based on the object’s close stylistic similarities to 19th-century terracotta figurines in collections in Manchester and Geneva, leading to the conclusion that all three were made from the same mould, and accordingly are of the same date. The note also considers possible reasons for the manufacture of this series of terracotta figurines depicting Athena Parthenos.
Correction: Acute transient cognitive dysfunction and acute brain injury induced by systemic inflammation occur by dissociable IL-1-dependent mechanisms
Authors: Skelly Donal T. , Griffin Éadaoin W. , Murray Carol L. , Harney Sarah , O’Boyle Conor , Hennessy Edel , Dansereau Marc-Andre , Nazmi Arshed , Tortorelli Lucas , Rawlins J. Nicholas , Bannerman David M. , Cunningham Colm 
Published: September 2019

Following publication of this article, the authors noticed an error in the abstract, where they incorrectly stated that: “Direct application of IL-1β to ex vivo hippocampal slices induced non-synaptic depolarisation and irreversible loss of membrane potential in CA1 neurons from diseased animals and systemic LPS increased apoptosis in the degenerating brain, in an IL-1RI−/−-dependent fashion”. This has now been corrected to: “Direct application of IL-1β to ex vivo hippocampal slices induced non-synaptic depolarisation and irreversible loss of membrane potential in CA1 neurons from diseased animals and systemic LPS increased apoptosis in the degenerating brain, in an IL-1RI-dependent fashion”. The authors would like to apologise for this error. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.
Depression genetic risk score is associated with anhedonia-related markers across units of analysis
Authors: Guffanti Guia , Kumar Poornima , Admon Roee , Treadway Michael T. , Hall Mei H. , Mehta Malavika , Douglas Samuel , Arulpragasam Amanda R. , Pizzagalli Diego A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvestigations of pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in vulnerability to depression have been negatively impacted by the significant heterogeneity characteristic of psychiatric syndromes. Such challenges are also reflected in numerous null findings emerging from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of depression. Bolstered by increasing sample sizes, recent GWAS studies have identified genetics variants linked to MDD. Among them, Okbay and colleagues (Nat. Genet. 2016 Jun;48(6):624–33) identified genetic variants associated with three well-validated depression-related phenotypes: subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism. Despite this progress, little is known about psychopathological and neurobiological mechanisms underlying such risk. To fill this gap, a genetic risk score (GRS) was computed from the Okbay’s study for a sample of 88 psychiatrically healthy females. Across two sessions, participants underwent two well-validated psychosocial stressors, and performed two separate tasks probing reward learning both before and after stress. Analyses tested whether GRS scores predicted anhedonia-related phenotypes across three units of analyses: self-report (Snaith Hamilton Pleasure Scale), behavior (stress-induced changes in reward learning), and circuits (stress-induced changes in striatal reward prediction error; striatal volume). GRS scores were negatively associated with anhedonia-related phenotypes across all units of analyses but only circuit-level variables were significant. In addition, the amount of explained variance was systematically larger as variables were putatively closer to the effects of genes (self-report < behavior < neural circuitry). Collectively, findings implicate anhedonia-related phenotypes and neurobiological mechanisms in increased depression vulnerability, and highlight the value of focusing on fundamental dimensions of functioning across different units of analyses.
DNA methylation loss promotes immune evasion of tumours with high mutation and copy number load
Authors: Jung Hyunchul , Kim Hong Sook , Kim Jeong Yeon , Sun Jong-Mu , Ahn Jin Seok , Ahn Myung-Ju , Park Keunchil , Esteller Manel , Lee Se-Hoon , Choi Jung Kyoon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMitotic cell division increases tumour mutation burden and copy number load, predictive markers of the clinical benefit of immunotherapy. Cell division correlates also with genomic demethylation involving methylation loss in late-replicating partial methylation domains. Here we find that immunomodulatory pathway genes are concentrated in these domains and transcriptionally repressed in demethylated tumours with CpG island promoter hypermethylation. Global methylation loss correlated with immune evasion signatures independently of mutation burden and aneuploidy. Methylome data of our cohort (n = 60) and a published cohort (n = 81) in lung cancer and a melanoma cohort (n = 40) consistently demonstrated that genomic methylation alterations counteract the contribution of high mutation burden and increase immunotherapeutic resistance. Higher predictive power was observed for methylation loss than mutation burden. We also found that genomic hypomethylation correlates with the immune escape signatures of aneuploid tumours. Hence, DNA methylation alterations implicate epigenetic modulation in precision immunotherapy.
Switchable organoplatinum metallacycles with high quantum yields and tunable fluorescence wavelengths
Authors: Zhu Jun-Long , Xu Lin , Ren Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Ying , Liu Xi , Yin Guang-Qiang , Sun Bin , Cao Xiaodan , Chen Zhuang , Zhao Xiao-Li , Tan Hongwei , Chen Jinquan , Li Xiaopeng , Yang Hai-Bo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe preparation of fluorescent discrete supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) has attracted considerable attention within the fields of supramolecular chemistry, materials science, and biological sciences. However, many challenges remain. For instance, fluorescence quenching often occurs due to the heavy-atom effect arising from the Pt(II)-based building block in Pt-based SCCs. Moreover, relatively few methods exist for tuning of the emission wavelength of discrete SCCs. Thus, it is still challenging to construct discrete SCCs with high fluorescence quantum yields and tunable fluorescence wavelengths. Here we report nine organoplatinum fluorescent metallacycles that exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields and tunable fluorescence wavelengths through simple regulation of their photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties. Moreover, 3D fluorescent films and fluorescent inks for inkjet printing were fabricated using these metallacycles. This work provides a strategy to solve the fluorescence quenching problem arising from the heavy-atom effect of Pt(II), and offers an alternative approach to tune the emission wavelengths of discrete SCCs in the same solvent.
The cryo-EM structure of the acid activatable pore-forming immune effector Macrophage-expressed gene 1
Authors: Pang Siew Siew , Bayly-Jones Charles , Radjainia Mazdak , Spicer Bradley A. , Law Ruby H. P. , Hodel Adrian W. , Parsons Edward S. , Ekkel Susan M. , Conroy Paul J. , Ramm Georg , Venugopal Hariprasad , Bird Phillip I. , Hoogenboom Bart W. , Voskoboinik Ilia , Gambin Yann , Sierecki Emma , Dunstone Michelle A. , Whisstock James C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMacrophage-expressed gene 1 (MPEG1/Perforin-2) is a perforin-like protein that functions within the phagolysosome to damage engulfed microbes. MPEG1 is thought to form pores in target membranes, however, its mode of action remains unknown. We use cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the 2.4 Å structure of a hexadecameric assembly of MPEG1 that displays the expected features of a soluble prepore complex. We further discover that MPEG1 prepore-like assemblies can be induced to perforate membranes through acidification, such as would occur within maturing phagolysosomes. We next solve the 3.6 Å cryo-EM structure of MPEG1 in complex with liposomes. These data reveal that a multi-vesicular body of 12 kDa (MVB12)-associated β-prism (MABP) domain binds membranes such that the pore-forming machinery of MPEG1 is oriented away from the bound membrane. This unexpected mechanism of membrane interaction suggests that MPEG1 remains bound to the phagolysosome membrane while simultaneously forming pores in engulfed bacterial targets.