bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the international orbital Cavernous Hemangioma Exclusively Endonasal Resection (CHEER) staging system
Authors: El Rassi Edward , Adappa Nithin D. , Battaglia Paolo , Castelnuovo Paolo , Dallan Iacopo , Freitag Suzanne K. , Gardner Paul A. , Lenzi Ricardo , Lubbe Darlene , Metson Ralph , Moe Kris S. , Muscatello Luca , Mustak Hamzah , Nogueira João Flávio , Palmer James N. , Prepageran Narayanan , Ramakirshnan Vijay R. , Sacks Raymond , Snyderman Carl H. , Stefko S. Tonya , Turri‐Zanoni Mario , Wang Eric W. , Zhou Bing , Bleier Benjamin S. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundOrbital cavernous hemangiomas (OCH) are the most common adult orbital tumor and represent an ideal index lesion for endonasal orbital tumor surgery. In order to standardize outcomes reporting, an anatomic‐based staging system was developed.MethodsAn international, multidisciplinary panel of 23 experts in orbital tumor surgery was formed. A modified Delphi method was used to develop the cavernous hemangioma exclusively endonasal resection (CHEER) staging system with a total of 2 rounds being completed.ResultsTumors medial to a plane along the long axis of the optic nerve may be considered amenable for an exclusively endonasal resection. In select cases, tumors may extend inferolaterally if the tumor remains below a plane from the contralateral naris through the long axis of the optic nerve (ie, plane of resectability [POR]). This definition reached consensus with 91.3% of panelists in agreement. Five stages were designed based on increasing technical resection difficulty and potential for morbidity. Stages were based on the relationship of the tumor to the extraocular muscles, the inferomedial muscular trunk of the ophthalmic artery (IMT), and orbital foramina. Staging by anatomic location also reached consensus with 87.0% of panelists in agreement. Size was not included in the staging system due to the lack of agreement on the contribution of size to resection difficulty.ConclusionEndoscopic orbital tumor surgery is a nascent field with a growing, yet heterogeneous, body of literature. The CHEER staging system is designed to facilitate international, high‐quality, standardized studies establishing the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of endonasal resection of OCH.
The impact of medical therapy on cognitive dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Rowan Nicholas R. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Storck Kristina A. , Ganjaei Kimia G. , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundCognitive dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is often overlooked despite potentially broad implications. Earlier work has demonstrated decreased cognitive function in CRS patients at baseline. In this study we sought to prospectively evaluate the impact of initial, appropriate medical therapy on subjective and objective cognitive function, fatigue, and workplace productivity.MethodsAdult patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled and completed a robust battery of pretreatment quality‐of‐life and neurocognitive testing, before undergoing appropriate medical therapy with follow‐up testing at 6 weeks. Patient‐reported cognitive function was assessed using the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), whereas fatigue was measured with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Objective cognitive function was assessed using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) platform and workplace productivity using the Clinical Trials version of the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (ctHPQ).ResultsTwenty‐seven patients were enrolled. Patients demonstrated posttreatment improvement scores on the FSS (4.32 ± 1.78 to 3.28 ± 1.65; p = 0.003), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (8.62 ± 5.06 to 6.85 ± 4.11; p = 0.014), and CFQ (38.56 ± 16.40 to 33.04 ± 14.35; p = 0.046). Objective neurocognitive tests of mathematical processing and Stroop Reaction Test Block 3 improved after medical therapy (19.79 ± 5.61 to 21.3 ± 6.87; p = 0.029 and 43.06 ± 15.66 to 50.42 ± 19.34; p = 0.002, respectively). Measures of workplace productivity did not change significantly.ConclusionAppropriate medical therapy improves several measures of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CRS. Sustainability of results should be evaluated with larger, prolonged studies.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Aryliodination of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Lee Yong Ho , Morandi Bill 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA completely atom economical palladium‐catalyzed addition reaction has been developed to stereoselectively access functionalized tetrasubstituted alkenyl iodides. The palladium catalyst, which bears an electron‐poor bidentate ligand rarely employed in catalysis, is essential to promote the high yielding and chemoselective intermolecular reaction between equimolar amounts of an alkyne and an aryl iodide. This new carbohalogenation reaction is an attractive alternative to traditional synthetic methods, which rely on multistep synthetic sequences and protecting‐group manipulations.
Self‐Assembled and Size‐Controllable Oligonucleotide Nanospheres for Effective Antisense Gene Delivery through an Endocytosis‐Independent Pathway
Authors: Zhou Jie , Sun Liqin , Wang Liping , Liu Yichang , Li Jinyu , Li Jingying , Li Juan , Yang Huanghao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient gene delivery vectors has faced two major challenges, namely endo‐ and lysosomal escape and intracellular release. To address these problems, we developed an oligonucleotide (ON)‐template‐assisted polymerization approach to create ON nanospheres as gene vectors. Guanidinium‐containing disulfide monomers were organized on the ON templates to increase their effective local concentrations. Consequently, ring‐opening disulfide‐exchange polymerization between monomers was accelerated, further facilitating the self‐assembly of ON nanospheres. The size of these nanospheres was controlled by varying the length of the ON templates. Importantly, the nanospheres can be directly delivered into the cytosol through an endocytosis‐independent pathway, which is followed by intracellular depolymerization in the reductive cytosolic environment to release the packaged ONs, resulting in efficient gene silencing. The ON nanospheres thus hold great promise as candidates for gene therapy.
Pd‐Catalyzed Dearomatization of Anthranils with Vinylcyclopropanes by [4+3] Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Cheng Qiang , Xie Jia‐Hao , Weng Yue‐Cheng , You Shu‐Li 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDearomatization of anthranils with vinylcyclopropanes (VCPs) by Pd‐catalyzed [4+3] cyclization reaction has been realized. In the presence of a catalytic amount of borane as an activator, bridged cyclic products were obtained in good to excellent yields with excellent stereoselectivities. By introducing a chiral PHOX ligand (L5), asymmetric dearomatization reactions of anthranils with vinylcyclopropanes proceeded with excellent enantioselectivity. Borane plays a key role for the reactivity, likely owing to the formation of a borane–anthranil complex which has been confirmed by NMR experiments.
Downregulation of AKT and MDM2, Melatonin Induces Apoptosis in AGS and MGC803 Cells
Authors: Song Jun , Ma Sai‐Jun , Luo Jian‐Hua , Liu Hui , Li Li , Zhang Zhi‐Guang , Chen Lu‐Shan , Zhou Rui‐Xiang 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTMelatonin, a neurohormone secreted by the pineal gland, has a variety of biological functions, such as circadian rhythms regulation, anti‐oxidative activity, immunomodulatory effects, and anittumor, etc. At present, its antitumor effect has attracted people's attention due to its extensive tissue distribution, good tissue compatibility, and low toxic and side effects. In the gastrointestinal tract, there is high level of melatonin and many studies showed melatonin has effects of anti‐gastric cancer. In this experiment, human gastric cancer cell lines AGS and MGC803 were used to investigate the intracellular molecular mechanism of melatonin against gastric cancer. After AGS and MGC803 have been treated with melatonin, the changes of cell morphology and cellular structure were observed under electron microscope. Flow cytometer and apoptosis detection kits were used to analyze the effect of apoptosis on AGS and MGC803. The alterations of apoptosis‐related proteins Caspase 9, Caspase 3, and upstream regulators AKT, MDM2 including expression, phosphorylation, and activation were detected to analyze the intracellular molecular mechanism of melatonin inhibiting gastric cancer. In AGS and MGC803 cells with melatonin exposure, cleaved Caspase 9 was upregulated and Caspase 3 was activated; moreover, MDM2 and AKT expression and phosphorylation were downregulated. Melatonin promoted apoptosis of AGS and MGC803 cells by the downregulation of AKT and MDM2. Anat Rec, 302:1544–1551, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Cranial Nerves: Morphology and Clinical Relevance
Authors: Martínez‐Marcos Alino , Sañudo José Ramón 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThis Special Issue entitled “Cranial Nerves: phylogeny, ontogeny, morphology and clinical significance” has been divided into two consecutive volumes. This second volume is devoted to morphology and clinical relevance. Articles in this volume examine these topics from a macroscopic point of view and with a surgical interest. This volume includes articles on oculomotor nerves III, IV, and VI and their course in the orbit; intracranial and extracranial views of the V and VII pairs; and branching patterns of IX, X, XI, and XII pairs with medical significance. Together, these articles provide a general overview of cranial nerves' gross anatomical organization, as well as improving on the knowledge necessary for clinical approaches. Anat Rec, 302:555–557, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Innovative Comprehensive Experiments to Study the Morphological Changes of Apoptotic Cells for Undergraduate Education
Authors: Song Qing , Liu Tingting , Yang Hua , Bai Yun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis innovative comprehensive experiment is a compulsory course for third‐year undergraduate students in the eight‐year training program leading to a Doctor of Medicine degree or Doctor of Philosophy degree at Peking University Health Science Center (PKUHSC). There is a critical educational need to prepare these students for the increasing accessibility of research experience. This experimental curriculum of medical cell biology was developed to fulfill such a requirement, which consists of three experiments, including the MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium) assay and the immunofluorescence and comet assays to observe antitumor drug‐induced cell apoptosis. This experiment‐based teaching system provides the participating students an opportunity to enhance their understanding of important biological research techniques and the instrumentation involved and to foster a better understanding of the research process within the classroom. Upon completion of the course, students' feedback showed that the curriculum increased their confidence in performing molecular techniques, and they reported positively on doing a research project in class. This course helped students improve their understanding of theoretical knowledge and actual research processes and contributed to their foundation for future research. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(3):348–354, 2019.
Evaluation of information and communication technology sector in the teaching process and strategic collaboration between universities and industry
Authors: Cvetković Biljana Novković , Gligorijević Milan , Petković Dalibor , Jović Srđan , Milovančević Miloš , Nikolić Vlastimir 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe main purpose of the study was to evaluate the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in the teaching process based on teachers’ attitudes and the strategic collaboration between universities and industry. The most common issue faced by the graduated students is to find a desired job at the end of the course of study. The main obstacle in finding a desired job is not enough ICT knowledge, which is not adequately learned at universities. On the other hand, the ICT teaching process at universities could be slow because many teachers do not have the right attitude toward ICT application in the learning process. In this study, a survey was performed among ICT working students and ICT teachers as well to reveal the relationship between the skills required for a job and the skills being taught at universities; whether the employability skills of fresh graduates increase hiring opportunities. The sample of examinees for this study consisted of the ICT sector in the European Union as well as ICT teachers based on the World Bank database. The proposed model was analyzed using structural equation modeling. It was found that the relationship between the academic program and job market along with ICT skills affected the employability factor. Hence the relationship between the academic program and job market significantly affects the employability factor. In effect, more focus on designing the academic curriculum is needed.
The influence of serum‐supplemented culture media in a transwell migration assay
Authors: Omar Zaki Siti Sarah , Kanesan Livashini , Leong Ming Yeh Danielle , Vidyadaran Sharmili 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOur work cautions against the use of serum‐supplemented culture media in a transwell migration assay when using chemoattractants other than FBS. At 24 h, a 5% foetal bovine serum (FBS) gradient caused BV2 microglia to migrate toward the lower compartment of the transwell apparatus. Interestingly, FBS‐supplemented media in the absence of a gradient also resulted in notable microglia migration. Serum can therefore confound the interpretation of a transwell migration assay when another chemoattractant is used.
A remarkable clinical response in advanced gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab plus capecitabine combination chemotherapy: A report of two cases
Authors: Nakamura Naohiko , Kinami Shinichi , Fujii Yoritaka , Miura Seiko , Fujita Jun , Kaida Daisuke , Tomita Yasuto , Miyata Takashi , Fujita Hideto , Ueda Nobuhiko , Kosaka Takeo 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageWhen trastuzumab + capecitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy could not be conducted continuously because of severe adverse reactions to cisplatin, trastuzumab + capecitabine could be an alternative systemic chemotherapy options for metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer patients.
Efficient Removal of Anionic Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solution with Cu‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Xu Qianqian , Sun Deshuai , Qi Yanfei , Duan Liangyan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCu‐metal‐organic frameworks (Cu‐MOFs) were synthesized in one step using copper acetate, glutamic acid, and small‐molecular organic amines at room temperature. Organic amines served as modulators to modify the structure of Cu‐MOFs. Characterization results proved that the addition of modulators changes the surface morphology. Batch adsorption data indicated high adsorption capacities for anionic organic dyes with glutamic‐Cu‐triethylamine (Glu‐Cu‐TA), higher than that of most MOFs reported. An acid pH was the optimum adsorption parameter. The easy regeneration of recycled Cu‐MOFs suggested there were weak intermolecular interactions between Cu‐MOFs and dyes. The main adsorption forces included electrostatic interaction, ion exchange, π‐π complexation, and hydrogen bonds.
Thiadiazolo‐Azaacenes
Authors: Müller Matthias , Koser Silke , Tverskoy Olena , Rominger Frank , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis and characterization of bis‐ and tetrakis(thiadiazolo)‐appended di‐ and tetraazaacenes, displaying up to seven catenated benzene/pyrazine rings. The targets are obtained by condensation of benzo‐bis(thiadiazole)‐4,5‐dione with aromatic di‐ and tetraamines. The condensation products—up to a heptacene‐like species—are stable but can be insoluble. Soluble derivatives are readily processible, but do not show enhanced electron affinities, as the two or four attached benzothiadiazole units are effectively resonance‐separated from the acene body, maximizing the number of Clar‐sextets.
Synthesis of Seven‐Membered Benzolactones by Nickel‐Catalyzed C−H Coupling of Benzamides with Oxetanes
Authors: Xu Shibo , Takamatsu Kazutaka , Hirano Koji , Miura Masahiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA NiCl2(PEt3)2‐catalyzed regioselective C−H coupling of 8‐aminoquinoline‐derived benzamides with oxetanes has been developed. The reaction proceeds with concomitant removal of the 8‐aminoquinoline auxiliary to directly form the corresponding seven‐membered benzolactones, which frequently occur in natural products and bioactive molecules. Additionally, no stereochemical erosion is observed during the course of the reaction, and the use of enantioenriched and substituted oxetane thus provides a new avenue to the optically active benzolactone.
Characterization of a Modular, Scalable Millistructured Plate Reactor
Authors: Rave Alexander , Kuwertz Rafael , Fieg Georg , Heck Joachim 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMicro‐ and millistructured reactors offer significant advantages compared to conventional reactors, e.g., in terms of heat and mass transfer as well as safety. For the substitution of larger batch reactors by continuously operated millireactors a comprehensive reactor characterization is required. The heat transfer and hydrodynamics of the millistructured plate reactor PR37 are studied. The meandering of the process channel and its periodically changing cross‐sectional area increase the heat transfer significantly and lead to a dependency of the heat transfer coefficient on the Reynolds and Prandtl number that is not found in straight channels at Reynolds numbers below 2300.
Efficacy of olanzapine for quality of life improvement among patients with malignant tumor: A systematic review
Authors: Ji Mengting , Cui Jiujie , Xi Huiqin , Yang Yan , Wang Liwei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients always experience an ongoing deterioration in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). There is a strengthening awareness of health care professionals of taking HRQoL, which is a patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), into consideration when they make an adequate selection in clinical practice. Olanzapine, an antipsychotic agent, has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective agent in improving cancer‐related symptoms.AimTo review the efficacy and safety of olanzapine in improving HRQoL among adults with malignant tumor.MethodsEligible studies were retrieved from an electronic database search of the Cochrane, Medline, CINAHL plus, Pubmed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. The methodological quality of selected studies was evaluated, and the relevant data were extracted and synthesized.ResultsWhile studies differed in target population, olanzapine‐based treatment regimen, and HRQoL measurement tools, results have shown that olanzapine has a positive impact on cancer patients' general HRQoL status, functional outcomes, and/or symptoms improvement. Besides, no serious toxicities attributable to olanzapine were observed in all studies included.ConclusionWhile further studies are needed especially which adopted the HRQoL as primary outcome through comprehensive measures, olanzapine could still be recommended in the palliative care.
One‐pot synthesis of highly fluorescent silicon nanoparticles for sensitive and selective detection of hemoglobin
Authors: Li Quan , Peng Kaite , Yu Yingchun , Ruan Xiangyan , Wei Yun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, a simple, selective, and sensitive probe for hemoglobin based on the quenched fluorescence of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) was fabricated. The SiNPs were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment from N‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine and sodium citrate. The as‐prepared SiNPs exhibited good water‐solubility and high fluorescence with the quantum yield of 70%. The fluorescence of the SiNPs could be remarkably quenched by hemoglobin. A wide linear range was obtained from 50 nM to 4000 nM with a LOD of 40 nM. The quenching mechanism was investigated by UV‐Vis absorption spectrometry and time‐resolved fluorescence spectrometry.
Geomorphological controls on fluvial carbon storage in headwater peatlands
Authors: Alderson D. M. , Evans M. G. , Rothwell J. J. , Rhodes E. J. , Boult S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGeomorphological controls and catchment sediment characteristics control the formation of floodplains and affect their capacity to sequester carbon. Organic carbon stored in floodplains is typically a product of pedogenic development between periods of mineral sediment deposition. However, in organically‐dominated upland catchments with a high sediment load, eroded particulate organics may also be fluvially deposited with potential for storage and/or oxidation. Understanding the redistribution of terrestrial carbon laterally, beyond the bounds of river channels is important, especially in eroding peatland systems where fluvial particulate organic carbon exports are often assumed to be oxidised. Floodplains have the potential to be both carbon cycling hotspots and areas of sequestration. Understanding of the interaction of carbon cycling and the sediment cascade through floodplain systems is limited.This paper examines the formation of highly organic floodplains downstream of heavily eroded peatlands in the Peak District, UK. Reconstruction of the history of the floodplains suggests that they have formed in response to periods of erosion of organic soils upstream. We present a novel approach to calculating a carbon stock within a floodplain, using XRF and radiograph data recorded during Itrax core scanning of sediment cores. This carbon stock is extrapolated to the catchment scale, to assess the importance of these floodplains in the storage and cycling of organic carbon in this area. The carbon stock estimate for the floodplains across the contributing catchments is between 3482‐13460 tonnes, equating on an annualised basis to 0.8‐4.5% of the modern‐day POC flux. Radiocarbon analyses of bulk organic matter in floodplain sediments revealed that a substantial proportion of organic carbon was associated with re‐deposited peat and has been used as a tool for organic matter source determination. The average age of these samples (3010 years BP) is substantially older than Infrared Stimulated Luminesence dating which demonstrated that the floodplains formed between 430 and 1060 years ago. Our data suggest that floodplains are an integral part of eroding peatland systems, acting as both significant stores of aged and eroded organic carbon and as hotspots of carbon turnover. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.