bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic conflict between species tree and mitochondrial gene trees in Murininae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) and validation of the genus Harpiola
Authors: Wang Xiaoyun , Liang Xiaoling , Li Yannan , Csorba Gábor , Hu Yibo , He Kai , Wu Yi , Yu Wenhua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe subfamily Murininae is renowned for its inherent taxonomic challenges associated with sampling difficulties and morphological similarities. At present, three genera are acknowledged within the subfamily; however, their phylogenetic interrelations and systematic classification remain debated. In this study, the separation of Harpiola at the genus level was robustly supported by our phylogenomic analyses based on the mitochondrial genome, coding sequences (CDSs) and ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 12 individuals covering all three genera of Murininae. Notably, a distinctive mito‐nuclear discordance emerged, with the nuclear genealogy ((Harpiocephalus, Harpiola), Murina) contrasting with the mitochondrial genealogy (Harpiocephalus, (Harpiola, Murina)). The integration of these findings with inferences of demographic history reveals that dramatic environmental changes during the Pleistocene glacial and inter‐glacial cycles have shaped the current distribution of Murininae. Moreover, the detection of extensive gene flow between ancient lineages of Harpiola and Murina suggests that an ancestral ‘ghost’ Murina lineage may have contributed its mitochondrial DNA, along with a limited portion of nuclear DNA, to Harpiola in a bygone hybridization zone. In addition to molecular analyses, we employed traditional and geometric morphometric analyses of skulls to differentiate the three genera. Harpiocephalus is readily distinguishable, but Harpiola and certain species of Murina exhibit overlapping characteristics both morphometrically and geometrically which may be the outcome of ancient introgression events. This finding highlights the importance of fine‐scale morphological distinctions within the latter genera, which may be the outcome of ancient introgression events.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Economics and Finance, Vol. 11, No. 4
Authors: Gibbs Nikki 
Published: November 2024

Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 4 Ali Darub Al-Hiyali, University of Anbar, IraqFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineKenneth Ozoemenam, University of Nigeria, NigeriaLiao Zhu, Cornell University, USAMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyNikoloz Chikhladze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, IndiaShaoshu LI, Cornell University , USAY. Saidi, M’sila University, Algeria Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
Nucleation transitions in polycontextural networks toward consensus
Authors: Falk Johannes , Eichler Edwin , Windt Katja , Hütt Marc-Thorsten 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recently, we proposed polycontextural networks as a model of evolving systems of interacting beliefs. Here, we present an analysis of the phase transition as well as the scaling properties. The model contains interacting agents that strive for consensus, each with only subjective perception. Depending on a parameter that governs how responsive the agents are to changing their belief systems the model exhibits a phase transition that mediates between an active phase where the agents constantly change their beliefs and a frozen phase, where almost no changes appear. We observe the build-up of convention-aligned clusters only in the intermediate regime of diverging susceptibility. Here, we analyze in detail the behavior of polycontextural networks close to this transition. We provide an analytical estimate of the critical point and show that the scaling properties and the space–time structure of these clusters show self-similar behavior. Our results not only contribute to a better understanding of the emergence of consensus in systems of distributed beliefs but also show that polycontextural networks are models, motivated by social systems, where susceptibility—the sensitivity to change own beliefs—drives the growth of consensus clusters.

Graphical abstract
Jeremiah 10:1–16 MT and LXX
Authors: Rossi Benedetta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The relationship between Jer 10:1–16MT and LXX has been typically investigated through textual and redaction criticism. The impact of an oral mindset—i.e., memorization, oral performance, and transmission—on the written text remained marginal to the debate if not neglected. The article suggests that the interplay between the “oral world” and “written word” provides clues for understanding the textual conundrum of Jer 10:1–16 and offers valuable insights to reconsider the relation between JerMT and LXX. Specific patterns of textual variants (e.g., synonymous readings, additions providing specificity, and word order shift) show the extent to which the scribes’ oral mindset affected the transmission of Jer 10:1–16. The widespread reception of the text also points to Jer 10:1–16 as an example of long-duration literature.
The Fundamental Differences between Chinese and American Modes of Thinking and of Discourse
Authors: Huang Philip C. C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the face of binaries, American scholars and officials will characteristically view them as either/or opposed dualities, such as democracy vs. autocracy, good vs. evil, rational vs. irrational. On that basis, American scholars typically view themselves as democratic and free, but view China as “dominated” and controlled, using the word “totalitarianism” to characterize China. China, on the other hand, tends instead to view the U.S. and China not as opposed binaries but rather simply as different. Under those very different modes of thinking, it has been difficult for the two sides to truly communicate with one another. Generally speaking, they do not confront directly such differences in modes of thinking and endeavor to overcome the gap to try to reach mutual understanding. What we need is for both sides to be aware of such fundamental differences; only then can they rise above the divides to truly communicate and consult with one another. Only if presumptive differences in modes of thinking are recognized and set aside can real and substantive differences be dealt with, and genuine mutual understanding and peaceful coexistence be attained.
Age, Gender and Temporal Trends in Solid Tumor As Second Primary Malignancy Risk after De Novo Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A SEER Database Analysis
Authors: Singh Sneha , Khadka Sushmita 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a group of blood disorders characterized by abnormal development of blood cells, are associated with an increased risk of second primary malignancy (SPM), primarily secondary hematological malignancy. Various studies have also established an increased incidence of secondary solid tumors after de novo MDS, a term used to describe MDS that occurs without a known cause. In this population-based cohort study, we aim to understand the influence of age, temporal trends, and gender on solid tumor SPM development in patients with de novo MDS.
Methods: Using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 database registry, a comprehensive source of cancer incidence and survival data in the United States, we identified a cohort of patients diagnosed with de novo MDS (Site and Morphology Site recode ICD-O-3 2023 Revision Expanded) between 2000 and 2021. We analyzed the incidence of solid tumor SPM using SEER*Stat Multiple Primary- Standardized Incidence Ratio (MP-SIR) session stratified by age group at MDS diagnosis (&lt;60, 60-69, &gt;70), gender (male, female) and year of diagnosis of MDS (2000-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015 and 2016-2020). Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare observed and expected development rates of solid tumor SPM development.
Results: Among 52,686 de novo MDS patients, 7,423 patients developed SPM. Of 7,423 patients, 3,272 patients developed solid tumors as SPM. There is a significant difference in the overall risk of these solid tumor SPMs among MDS patients compared with the United States general population (SIR: 1.05, 95 % CI [1.01-1.09]). SIRs for these solid tumor SPMs decreased with increasing age of MDS diagnosis (SIRs: &lt;60 years: 1.39, 95% CI [1.25-1.53]; 60-69 years: 1.12, 95% CI [1.04-1.20]; ≥70 years: 0.98, 95% CI [0.94-1.03]). A modest increase in these solid tumor SPMs SIRs was observed over time, with the highest rates in the most recent diagnostic period (SIRs: 2000-2005: 0.95, 95% CI [0.88-1.10]; 2006-2010: 1.02, 95% CI [0.96-1.08]; 2011-2015: 1.12, 95% CI [1.05-1.2]; 2016-2020: 1.16, 95% CI [1.06-1.27]). A slightly higher SIR of these solid tumor SPMs was seen in females compared to males (SIRs: male: 1.04, 95% CI [1.00-1.09]; female: 1.06, 95% CI [1.01-1.12]).
Conclusion: Our study found that younger age at MDS diagnosis, female gender, and more recent diagnosis year is associated with a greater incidence of solid tumor SPM in patients with de novo MDS. These insights can inspire the development of personalized surveillance protocols, facilitating early detection and intervention for SPM. There is a need for further research to understand the underlying mechanism for up-trending SIR for secondary solid tumors SPM in patients with de novo MDS.
Provisional Prognostic Score for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Haddad Philip A , Chennapragada Suma Sri , Kantamani Deepti , Gaddam Shiva Jashwanth , Gupta Ankita 
Published: December 2024

Background
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe and potentially life-threatening syndrome characterized by uncontrolled activation of lymphocytes and macrophages, leading to excessive cytokine production, hyperinflammation, and tissue damage. HLH can be broadly classified into two forms: primary (familial) HLH, which is an autosomal recessive disorder often associated with genetic mutations affecting cytotoxic function, and secondary (acquired) HLH, which is triggered by infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or other underlying conditions. HLH outcomes vary considerably. We conducted this study to develop a provisional HLH prognostic score (HLHPS).
Methods
We used our HLH real-world database, which contains retrospective data on 255 cases. Such data included demographics such as sex, age, and race. It also included blood counts, coexisting comorbidities, disease immunohistochemical and molecular phenotype, types of treatment, and survival outcomes. Of the 255 cases, only 219 had complete survival and outcomes data, which is the sample chosen for this study. Cox proportional-hazards model and Log-rank tests were used to assess the influence of clinicopathologic factors on overall survival (OS). We included factors that statistically impacted OS and scored them by the impact of their hazard ratios.
Results
The median OS of the cohort was 24 months. The following dichotomous variables were identified as impactful prognostic factors in this cohort: Age&gt;50 (9 vs. 60 months; p=0.003), underlying malignant etiology (2 vs. 60 months; p=0.0004), splenomegaly (22 vs. NR months; p=0.02), LDH&gt;1000 U/L (24 vs. NR months; p=0.003), and sIL2R&gt;5000 U/ml (6 vs. NR months; p=0.03). A prognostic model was devised using these variables to identify different levels of risk. Each variable was assigned 1 point when present for a maximum possible score of 5. In this exploratory cohort, low risk was assigned a score of 0-1, intermediate risk a score of 2, and high risk a score of 3-5. This prognostic score system led to our cohort's most optimal risk discriminatory model, where low, intermediate, and high risk had a median OS of NR, 22, and 1.8 months, respectively (p&lt;0.0001).
Conclusion
This HLHPS is a promising new tool for risk stratification in patients with HLH. However, it still requires prospective validation.
Addressing Distance As a Barrier to Sickle Cell Care in South Carolina
Authors: Landau Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Adult sickle cell care is often centralized in larger hospital systems, which poses a significant challenge for states with extensive rural areas, such as South Carolina. Limited access to these centralized systems due to distance can be a major barrier to care. Data indicates that many patients are unwilling to travel more than 28 minutes or 20 miles for non-emergency care. We hypothesize that this reluctance contributes to the low percentage of sickle cell patients maintaining relationships with hematologists. To address this issue, the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) has initiated a dedicated telehealth program for sickle cell patients. This study aims to evaluate the distances patients would need to travel for traditional in-person hematology care compared to the telehealth option.
Methods:
A previous analysis of our patient population revealed that only 18% of sickle cell patients had consulted a hematologist in the prior year. To assess whether distance acts as a barrier to care, we randomly sampled 25 patient charts of patients who have completed a sickle cell telehealth visit with a hematologist. The 25 patients were sampled at random but the sampling confirmed prior analysis showing a paucity of prior hematologic care for these patients. We used Google Maps® to determine the distance and travel time from each patient's home to MUSC, conducting the search at 8 AM on a weekday to account for peak traffic conditions.
Results:
Our findings indicate that patients generally reside at considerable distances from MUSC. The average distance was 27.8 miles (range: 1.2-96.5 miles), with 56% (14/25) of patients living 20 miles or more from MUSC. At 8 AM, the average travel time was 42 minutes (range: 6-119 minutes), and 68% (17/25) of patients would need at least 30 minutes to reach MUSC.
Discussion:
The low percentage of sickle cell patients in South Carolina with an established relationship with a hematologist is concerning. Our results suggest that distance to care is a significant barrier. The implementation of a telehealth program has effectively mitigated this barrier, facilitating better access to hematology care for sickle cell patients.
SLC25A21 Correlates with the Prognosis of Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Inhibiting the Growth of Leukemia Cells Via Downregulating CXCL8
Authors: Wang Shujuan , Liu Yu , Xu Yan , Hao Qianqian , Shi Luyao , Chen Yufei , Liu Yajun , Li Mengya , Zhang Yu , Li Tao , Li Yafei , Jiang Zhongxing , Liu Yanfang , Wang Chong , Zhilei Bian , Yang Lu , Lu Wenyi 
Published: December 2024

Background
In recent years, targeting mitochondrial apoptosis has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The SLC25 family of mitochondrial carriers plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating apoptosis. However, the role of SLC25A21, an oxodicarboxylate carrier, in AML progression and its potential as a prognostic biomarker remain underexplored. The aim of this study was to further investigate the role, molecular mechanism, and potential clinical value of SLC25A21 in AML progression.
Methods
The transcript levels of SLC25A21 in bone marrow specimens were analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The survival analysis was applied to explore the association between SLC25A21 expression and the prognosis of AML.The target genes were detected by RNA sequencing. Functional studies were detected by CCK8, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and xenograft tumor mouse model.
Results
The results showed that SLC25A21 was downregulated in adult AML, and the low expression of SLC25A21 was correlated with worse prognosis for AML patients. Furthermore, overexpression of SLC25A21 inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and was correlated with apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) was identified as a downstream target of SLC25A21. These functions of SLC25A21 could be rescued by the overexpression of CXCL8. Moreover, SLC25A21 overexpression significantly suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors.
Conclusions
SLC25A21 was lowly expressed in adult AML, and the low SLC25A21 expression correlated with poor clinical outcome. The overexpression of SLC25A21 inhibited the AML cell survival and proliferation by dysregulating the expression of CXCL8. SLC25A21 might be a potential prognostic marker and a treatment target for AML.
Efficacies of Protein S, Pan-Notch Inhibitor CB-103, and Gemcitabine in Decreasing Cancer Cell Spheroid Growth
Authors: Majumder Rinku , Prouse Teagan , Majumder Samarpan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with limited treatment options. Patients with PDAC experience a hypercoagulable state and 7.4% experience a form of venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 1 year of diagnosis, compared with other cancer patients who have a risk of 3.1%. The elevated risk of VTE in PDAC patients is likely associated with dysregulation of anticoagulation proteins, such as Protein S (PS). The Majumder laboratory showed that an exogenous increase in PS inhibited growth of PDAC cell lines PANC-1, BxPC-3, and MiaPACA-1. Furthermore, we have shown that high concentrations of free PS, particularly 150 nM, significantly decreased PANC-1 spheroid formation.
Notch, a key regulator of metabolism, displays aberrant signaling in several cancers, including pancreatic cancer. The pan-Notch inhibitor CB103 promotes apoptosis in pancreatic cancer.
In this study, we measured alone and in combination the efficacy of PS, CB103, and gemcitabine, the standard treatment for PDAC, in inhibiting PDAC spheroid formation.
Methods
Primary PANC-1 spheroids were induced from 3.7x106 PANC-1 cells in 0.24% methylcellulose DMEM media on an ultra-low attachment 6-well plate. After incubation for 7 days, PANC-1 spheroids were harvested, and secondary spheroids were placed on a fresh ultra-low attachment 6-well plate with the following additions: 5% DMSO (vehicle control, no treatment),150 nM PS, 250 nM gemcitabine, 5 uM CB103. Combination treatments at the aforesaid concentrations were PS + gemcitabine, CB103 + PS, CB103 + gemcitabine, and all three combined. A representative number of spheroids from each well was washed with PBS and placed in triplicate in an ultra-low attachment 96-well plate. One day after, the cells were imaged, and cell count was determined with ImageJ.
Results
For all treatments, we measured a statistically significant (p &lt;0.0001) reduction in spheroid formation. Individually, PS was the most effective in decreasing spheroid count, and the combination treatment of all three was the most effective overall in decreasing spheroid count.
Conclusions
We found that PS, a natural anticoagulant, had greater efficacy in decreasing PANC-1 spheroid growth compared with the efficacy of either CB103 or gemcitabine, the latter being the standard of care for patients with PDAC. Furthermore, combined treatments synergistically decreased PANC-1 spheroid growth. To proceed with clinical translation of these treatments, we need additional research to fully explain the activities of the three agents toward expression of cancer stem cell markers on PANC-1 and other PDAC cell line spheroids.
Comparison of Weekend and Weekday Admissions for Sickle Cell Disease: Characteristics and Outcomes Using the 2021 Database
Authors: Rajarajan Srinishant , Babu Kalaivani , Correa Amit , Chattaraj Asmi , Abioye Oyepeju , Ramanan Sruthi P , Ramesh Nithya , Nusrat Sanober , Ayanambakkam Attanathi Adanma Anji , Bhanushali Charmi , Roy Arya Mariam 
Published: December 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease frequently necessitates hospital admissions due to its complications. This study examines the disparities in treatment outcomes for sickle cell disease between weekend and weekday admissions. Given the acute and unpredictable nature of the disease's exacerbations, as well as the potential for variability and limitations in healthcare staffing and resource availability on weekends, it is crucial to understand how these factors may affect patient care and outcomes.
Methods: The 2021 NIS database was analysed to identify 177,604 admissions with sickle cell disease and associated complications, such as acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, cerebral vascular involvement, and dactylitis, using appropriate ICD-10 codes. The study examined demographic characteristics, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, insurance types, hospital characteristics, and mortality outcomes. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to determine statistical significance.
Results: Out of all the SCD admissions, 24.5% occurred on weekends. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 0.91% (95% CI: 0.81% - 1.02%). Mortality was significantly higher for weekend admissions compared to weekdays (1.10% vs. 0.85%, p=0.0337), with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.06 - 1.78, p=0.016). This indicates that SCD patients admitted on weekends have a higher odds of dying in the hospital compared to those admitted on weekdays, even after adjusting for various demographic and clinical factors.
The mean LOS was 5.48 days (95% CI: 5.36 - 5.59 days), with no significant difference between weekend (5.56 days) and weekday (5.45 days) admissions after adjustment (p=0.356). The mean TOTCHG was $57,061.37 (95% CI: $54,475.07 - $59,647.68), with no significant difference between weekend and weekday admissions after adjustment (p=0.786).
Demographic analysis revealed significant differences in sex and insurance status between weekend and weekday admissions. A higher proportion of male patients were admitted on weekends compared to weekdays (36.57% vs. 34.79%, p=0.0032). Additionally, a higher proportion of Medicaid patients were admitted on weekends (25.08%) compared to weekdays (23.41%, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: SCD patients admitted on weekends exhibit a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality compared to those admitted on weekdays, even after adjusting for confounders. However, weekend admissions did not significantly impact LOS or hospital charges. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the factors contributing to the increased mortality risk for weekend admissions and the development of strategies to improve outcomes for SCD patients.