bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of customized employment in building the capacity of	the workforce development system
Authors: Elinson Lynn , Frey William D. , Li Tiandong , Palan Martha A. , Horne Richard L. 
Published: November 2024

The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 established a national system to meet the needs of businesses and job seekers through a one-stop system of employment services, job training, and education [16]. Although one of the principles of WIA is universal access, it is generally acknowledged that the workforce development system does not yet have the capacity to fully meet the complex needs of people with disabilities. The Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) in the United States Department of Labor is the federal agency assigned to address this issue. Consequently, ODEP initiated the ODEP Demonstration Program to improve the capacity of the One-Stop system to meet the needs of people with disabilities through a customized approach to employment in an adult targeted program. This paper describes the evaluation of the ODEP Demonstration Program. Westat, a private research firm in Rockville, Maryland, conducted an independent evaluation of the program for ODEP. A one-group pretest-posttest study design was used to assess changes to the workforce development system, employment, and employment retention among program participants. Initial and followup site visits were conducted at 31 demonstration sites to examine program implementation and systems change outcomes over time. Quantitative data were also collected from study sites to examine competitive employment and retention rates, as well as demographic and work-related characteristics (e.g., employment history, need for supervision) and program services received by program participants. This study shows that it is feasible to deliver a customized employment approach to people with disabilities as part of the WIA One-Stop system and to build and sustain the capacity of the workforce development system through training, physical and programmatic accessibility improvements, and improved coordination of services. Since some factors were strong predictors of whether or not individuals retain their jobs and earn a living wage (e.g., individualized services, type of disability, previous work experience, years of education), we conclude that continued policy and research efforts are necessary to customize supports and services so the One-Stop system will truly achieve universal accessibility.
Social capital and its relevance in brain injury rehabilitation	services
Authors: Flaherty Patti 
Published: November 2024

There is tremendous value in building the principles of social capital into mainstream rehabilitation for people living with disabilities. CONNECT (formerly Classic Rehab Community or CRC) is an example of how a community based transitional rehab setting for people living with brain injury incorporates and integrates social capital into the support and services they provide. Social capital's wealth lies in the strength of a community's networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks for people to do things for one another [8]. Through the identification of the individual groups and the relevant communities that are part of CONNECT, a clearer understanding of the networks within and between them will be recognized. This clarity allows for more thoughtful action with the intent to help strengthen networks and relationships. The anticipated return on this action is a stronger community and reciprocity amongst its membership which then leads to improved health and wellbeing for each of its members. This article focuses on how and why social capital impacts the health of CONNECT and how it is moving from a broad conceptual understanding of social capital to implementing practical ways to foster individual and organizational social capital development for the people CONNECT serves and its employees.
Essential Features for Empowering NORCs in Your Community: Rapid Review
Authors: Philip Serrina , Hatzifilalithis Stephanie , Bruner Kerry , Li Joyce , Savage Rachel , Rochon Paula , NORC Innovation Centre  
Published: November 2024

Background: Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) have the potential to promote aging in place and establish age-friendly environments. NORCs are geographical areas that have naturally become home to a large concentration of older adults (>30%) but are not purpose-built for older people. NORCs can be enhanced through onsite supports and services, driven by the needs of older residents, but to spread enhanced NORC models, information is needed on how to effectively implement these models across a range of contexts and settings.
Current Study and Methods: To further spread and scale enhanced NORC models, we are studying their implementation in 10 sites across Toronto and Barrie. Learnings will be used to create a NORC Implementation Toolkit. In this poster, we outline foundational work to rapidly review and synthesize key features of implementation toolkits.
Results: The rapid review illuminated six key elements to be helpful in establishing an enhanced NORC model, 1) Establishing roles and responsibilities of key knowledge users, 2) Conducting a community needs assessment 3) Resident engagement, 4) Optimizing communication strategies, 5) Sound evaluation procedures, and 6) Identifying and minimizing potential barriers.
Conclusion: We showcase key features of a NORC implementation toolkit that positions residents as vital stakeholders and active participants in decision-making processes to shape their NORC community. The broader project will help identify how to successfully implement NORC-based interventions in local communities.
Improving Access to HIV Care for Young Mothers Living with HIV in Zimbabwe
Authors: Tailor Lauren , Angell Jonathan , Hasan Syeda , Low Sharon , Willis Nicola , Mutsinze Abigail , Chitiyo Vivian , Kuchocha Peggy , Logie Carmen H 
Published: November 2024

Background: HIV disproportionately impacts adolescent girls and young women living in Southern Africa. Rates of mother-to-child HIV transmission are also elevated in this group, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve the health of young mothers living with HIV. A non-profit organization in Zimbabwe, Zvandiri, founded a peer-led care model, the Young Mentor Mother (YMM) program, in response to this issue.
Methods: Four University of Toronto students conducted semi-structured virtual interviews (N=29) among Zvandiri staff and YMMs to identify the benefits and challenges of the YMM program. We applied deductive and inductive thematic analyses to transcriptions and performed a qualitative analysis using Dedoose software.
Results: Participant [AT1] narratives revealed several themes, including three vital benefits from the YMM program: 1) peer- support, 2) holistic care, and 3) women’s empowerment. Barriers to the success of the program identified from interviews mapped onto the social-ecological model, whereby structural factors (lack of funding, food insecurity), community-level factors (HIV-related stigma, socio-cultural differences in accepting HIV care), and interpersonal factors (intimate partner violence) were found to impact the implementation and scale-up of the program. Barriers to scaling-up the YMM program included limited funds, lack of resources, and cultural and geographic differences. We also identified socio-structural challenges to scale-up, such as intimate-partner violence, food insecurity, and HIV-related stigma.
Conclusion: Zvandiri’s YMM program fills an important gap in HIV care for young women and girls and has several benefits, such as peer-support, holistic care, and women’s empowerment. Future research focused on the perspectives of clients, stakeholders, and young fathers will further inform the scaling of the program to new countries and regions.
Prenatal Triptan Use for Migraine and Child Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Maggie , Albanese Melina 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Triptans are a class of drugs commonly used as an abortive medication for migraine. They can cross the placental barrier in pregnancy and bind to 5-HT receptors in the fetal brain, possibly affecting brain development. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate published literature examining the association between prenatal triptan use for migraine and child neurodevelopment.
Methods: Search terms for “pregnancy” and “triptans” were used to search MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL for relevant studies published from database inception to August 2023. Original research studies published in English examining the relationship between triptan use for maternal migraine during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment were included. An adapted version of the Systematic Assessment of Quality in Observational Research (SAQOR) protocol was used for the quality assessment of included studies. We also performed a narrative synthesis of eligible studies by describing their methods and main findings.
Results: Our search strategy retrieved 1093 articles, of which 5 met the inclusion criteria. All 5 studies used data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Studies selected for review all used parental self-report to measure triptan use and were all rated as moderate quality (n = 5, 100%). Outcome variables varied across studies and included externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems, communication, psychomotor function, temperament, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Two studies reported an association between prenatal triptan use and externalizing behaviours in children up to 3 years old, but no associations with other neurodevelopmental outcomes or in older children were reported in the literature. All studies accounted for confounding by indication for migraine, but residual confounding by migraine severity was possible.
Discussion: Prenatal triptan exposure may be associated with an increased risk of externalizing behaviours in children aged 1.5-3 years old. Future studies outside of the MoBa cohort are required to test the external validity of findings reported in the current literature. Additionally, future studies can expand the state of knowledge by considering different triptans as separate exposures and by utilizing more robust measures of triptan use in pregnancy that are less subject to recall bias than participant self-report.
Mapping the mitochondrial landscape in T2DM: key findings from 2003-2023
Authors: Tan Yi , Liu Mingjun , Zhou Xinfeng , Gao Tianjiao , Fang Jinxu , Wang Sixian , Chen Shaotao 
Published: November 2024

BackgoundT2DM, a chronic metabolic disorder, poses a significant threat to global public health. Mitochondria play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This study intends to investigate the correlation between mitochondria and T2DM over the past two decades (2003-2023) through bibliometric analysis. Its objectives are to pinpoint trends, emphasize research priorities, and establish a foundation for future investigations.MethodsA literature search was conducted using the SCI-E database. All recorded results were downloaded in plain text format for further analysis. The following terms were analyzed using Vosviewer 1.6.18, citespace 6.3r1, bibliometrix in RStudio (v.4.4.1), and Microsoft Excel 2021: country, institution, author, journal, references, and keywords.ResultsFrom January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2023, a total of 2,732 articles were retrieved. The United States, China, and Italy contributed most of the records. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SYSTEM, INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICAL INSERM, and US DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS were the top 3 most productive institutions. rocha milagros, victor victor m had the most publications, followed by roden michael, and petersen kf had the most citations together. DIABETES published the most articles on research on this topic, followed by AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, DIABETOLOGIA. The key points of this topic are the relationship between mitochondria and T2DM, the skeletal muscle mitochondrial changes observed in T2DM, and the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on T2DM. Over the past five years, particle dynamics, mitochondrial dysfunction, and mechanism research have emerged as significant focal points in this field.ConcludeThis paper successfully identified the key areas and emerging trends in the relationship between mitochondria and T2DM, thereby offering valuable insights for future research.
Spatial differentiation and functional zoning of carbon budget: evidence from Jiangxi Province
Authors: Wenmei Liao , Liwen Jiang , Jiamin Zou , Zhipeng Wang , Hailan Qiu , Shuie Sun 
Published: November 2024

Regional carbon budget and compensation are one of the current research hotspots, which is of great practical significance for dealing with climate change and promoting the coordinated development of low carbon. Based on energy consumption and land use data, a carbon budget and carbon compensation measurement model was established to analyze the change characteristics and spatial differentiation of the carbon budget of 11 prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2020 and carry out functional zoning, and further calculate the carbon compensation value of each prefecture-level city. The results showed that (1) during the study period, the carbon emissions in Jiangxi Province showed an increasing trend, with an average annual growth rate of 6.00 million tons, showing a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the west and low in the east.” The province was mainly represented by net carbon sources. (2) During the study period, the forest land in Jiangxi Province was the main carbon sink. The carbon sink absorption capacity declined from 60.56 million tons in 2010 to 59.69 million tons in 2020. (3) The regional difference in the economic contribution coefficient of prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province is relatively tiny. The ecological support coefficient has apparent spatial heterogeneity, showing a spatial distribution feature of “high in the south and low in the north.” (4) The 11 prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province could be divided into four regions: the carbon sink functional area, low-carbon optimization area, total carbon control area, and carbon intensity control area. By calculating the carbon compensation value and according to the difference in the carbon compensation value, the 11 prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi province are divided into four high-compensation areas, three low-compensation areas, and four compensated areas. The larger the carbon budget is, the higher the carbon compensation amount; conversely, the smaller the budget, the more carbon compensation amount can be obtained. According to the above conclusions, 11 prefecture-level cities should improve emission reduction mechanisms and strengthen the management of forest land utilization. Meanwhile, Jiangxi Province should formulate differentiated development, and compensation strategies should be developed to promote low-carbon, coordinated, and sustainable development among regions.
Mapping migration habitat for western monarch butterflies reveals need for public-private approach to conservation
Authors: McIntyre Patrick J. , Ceasar Hannah , Young Bruce E. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIdentifying habitat of migratory species to effectively support conservation and management requires careful consideration of (1) the data used to inform habitat models, (2) the biology of the organism, (3) land tenure, and (4) the needs of the target audience.MethodsTo provide this information for western U.S. monarch butterflies, a population undergoing decline, we modeled habitat during the spring and fall migrations. Our approach controlled for biases in citizen science locality data, the principal source of monarch observation data, and incorporated needs for milkweed host plants in the spring and nectar plants in the fall.Results and DiscussionThe results showed the distribution of habitat for spring and fall migration, where the Coast Range and Central Valley in California and riparian areas throughout the range were particularly important. Just 29% of predicted habitat for spring and fall migrations, combined, overlapped between the two seasons. Although the U.S. federal government manages 53% of the land in the western U.S., government land makes up just 11.7% of the spring migration range and 23.5% of the fall migration range. State and local governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) manage an additional 4.2% of the spring and 4.0% of the fall migration habitat. Thus, like eastern monarchs, western monarchs rely heavily on land under private ownership for their migration and to be successful, monarch conservation efforts must embrace a public-private approach. Among federal agencies, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM; 5.9% of spring and 9.7% of fall habitat) and Forest Service (3.3% of spring and 9.2% of fall habitat) manage the greatest shares. Less than half of the government and NGO owned habitat for both migrations is managed for biodiversity conservation rather than multiple uses (spring, 46.0%; fall, 36.5%). We created custom model outputs for the BLM to highlight areas of both regional and local importance for migrating monarchs in each BLM administrative unit, enabling managers across the agency to contribute to recovery. The outcomes provide input at a relevant spatial scale to support actions such as habitat restoration, riparian zone protection, and pesticide use reduction to enhance conditions for migrating monarchs on both government and private lands.
In-depth analysis of research hotspots and emerging trends in AI for retinal diseases over the past decade
Authors: Guo Mingkai , Gong Di , Yang Weihua 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in diagnosing retinal diseases represents a significant advancement in ophthalmological research, with the potential to reshape future practices in the field. This study explores the extensive applications and emerging research frontiers of AI in retinal diseases.ObjectiveThis study aims to uncover the developments and predict future directions of AI research in retinal disease over the past decade.MethodsThis study analyzes AI utilization in retinal disease research through articles, using citation data sourced from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database, covering the period from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. A combination of WOS analyzer, CiteSpace 6.2 R4, and VOSviewer 1.6.19 was used for a bibliometric analysis focusing on citation frequency, collaborations, and keyword trends from an expert perspective.ResultsA total of 2,861 articles across 93 countries or regions were cataloged, with notable growth in article numbers since 2017. China leads with 926 articles, constituting 32% of the total. The United States has the highest h-index at 66, while England has the most significant network centrality at 0.24. Notably, the University of London is the leading institution with 99 articles and shares the highest h-index (25) with University College London. The National University of Singapore stands out for its central role with a score of 0.16. Research primarily spans ophthalmology and computer science, with “network,” “transfer learning,” and “convolutional neural networks” being prominent burst keywords from 2021 to 2023.ConclusionChina leads globally in article counts, while the United States has a significant research impact. The University of London and University College London have made significant contributions to the literature. Diabetic retinopathy is the retinal disease with the highest volume of research. AI applications have focused on developing algorithms for diagnosing retinal diseases and investigating abnormal physiological features of the eye. Future research should pivot toward more advanced diagnostic systems for ophthalmic diseases.
Laboratory development of an RNA quantitative RT-PCR assay reporting in international units for hepatitis D virus
Authors: Osiowy Carla , Day Jacqueline , Lee Emma R. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionChronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) is associated with rapid progression to severe liver disease. Co-infection with HDV and hepatitis B virus is likely underdiagnosed due to challenges in diagnostic test availability and standardization. With new HDV antiviral options, HDV RNA quantification is essential for understanding the patient response to treatment. To this end, a quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay utilizing synthetic RNA calibrators and a conversion factor to quantify HDV RNA in WHO international standard units (IU/mL) was developed and validated.MethodsqRT-PCR primers and probes were selected within the ribozyme region. Thermocycling conditions and reactions were optimized. Synthetic RNA transcripts were prepared as quantification standards and calibrators. Transcript dilutions (log10 8 to log10 1 copies/μL) were calibrated against the WHO standard and a conversion factor calculated to convert copies/μL to IU/mL. Assay validation and evaluation was conducted, including use of specimens from 8 HDV genotypes and comparison to a commercial assay.ResultsThe assay lower limit of detection was determined by probit analysis to be 11 IU/mL (8.63–15.78 95% CI). Inter- and intra-assay coefficient of variation analysis showed 96.6% precision and 90.6% accuracy. A conversion factor of 16.5 was used to convert copies/μL to IU/mL. All 8 HDV genotypes were quantified by the assay and commercial assay comparison showed good agreement.DiscussionThe developed assay has clinical utility for the sensitive and specific quantitative monitoring of HDV RNA, appropriate for medium to high throughput laboratories.
Extreme drought shapes the gut microbiota composition and function of common cranes (Grus grus) wintering in Poyang Lake
Authors: Wang Chaoyang , Zhang Chao , Cai Hao , Zhu Yunlong , Sun Jiwan , Liu Wen , Wang Zhenyu , Li Yankuo 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionExtreme weather events driven by climate change profoundly affect migratory birds by altering their habitats, food sources, and migration routes. While gut microbiota is believed to play a role in helping birds adapt to environmental changes, research on how extreme weather impacts their gut microbiota and how these microbial communities respond to such conditions has been limited.Methods16S rRNA gene sequencing was utilized to investigate the gut microbiota of common cranes (Grus grus) wintering at Poyang Lake from 2020 to 2023, with a particular focus on their response to extreme drought conditions on both inter-annual and monthly timescales.ResultsThe results revealed that extreme drought conditions substantially impact gut microbiota, with inter-annual water-level fluctuations exerting a more pronounced impact on microbial community structure than that of inter-monthly fluctuations. Notably, a significant decline in bacterial diversity within the gut microbiota of common cranes was observed in the extreme drought year of 2022 compared with other years. Monthly observations indicated a gradual increase in gut microbial diversity, coinciding with relatively minor water-level changes. Key taxa that responded to drought included the Enterobacteriaceae family and Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species. Additionally, functional genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, the phosphotransferase system, and the two-component systems were significantly enriched during the extreme drought year. These functions may represent adaptive mechanisms by which the gut microbiota of common cranes respond to drought stress.DiscussionThis research provides novel insights into the temporal variability of gut microbiota in wintering waterbirds, underscoring the significant impact of climatic fluctuations on microbial communities. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the ecological and functional responses of gut microbiota to extreme weather events, which is crucial for the conservation and management of migratory bird populations in the face of climate change.