bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAKIKAT MANUSIA MENURUT MUHAMMAD IQBAL
Authors: Nurmaliyah Yayah 
Published: July 2019

Sejarah mencatat bahwa umat Islam pernah berada di posisi terdepan dalam peradaban dunia. Belakangan sebuah kenyataan juga tidak terbantahkan ketika umat Islam harus mengakui keunggulan komunitas lain dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Sebagai upaya mengembalikan kejayaan masa lalu, Muhammad Iqbal menyeru umat Islam untuk tidak terbuai dengan kegemilangan atau romantika masa lalu dan melarang untuk taqlid buta pada pemikiran masa lalu yang mengakibatkan hilangnya kreasi dan inovasi dalam menghadapi realitas perkembangan zaman. Muhammad Iqbal juga menyeru umat Islam untuk tidak bersikap apriori terhadap Barat, sebaliknya dapat memanfaatkannya dan meresponsnya dengan kritis. Hal ini disebabkan Muhammad Iqbal cukup lama mengikuti pendidikan di Barat yang dipenuhi oleh semangat penelaahan dan penelitian ilmu pengetahuan yang tinggi, sehingga ia dengan jelas melihat dan merasakan langsung bergantinya aktifitas ilmiyah dari Timur ke Barat. Hal ini cukup membuatnya kagum dan menginginkan umat Islam untuk mengikuti semangat Barat dalam melakukan kajian-kajian ilmiyah yang notebene pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Muhammad Iqbal juga menyadari bahwa faktor tersebut di atas tidak akan bermanfaat apa-apa apabila umat Islam sendiri tidak memiliki semangat dan kemauan untuk berobah. Kemunduran umat Islam dewasa ini secara garis besar disebabkan oleh 2 faktor; internal dan eksternal. Kedua faktor itu harus dibenahi demi mengembalikan kecemerlangan masa lalu. Dengan mengutip QS. Al-Ra’d ayat 11, Muhammad Iqbal mencoba mengembangkan gagasannya mengenai khudi yang notabene merupakan hakikat dari kemanusiaan itu sendiri. Menurutnya moralitas suatu bangsa ditentukan oleh pandangan masyarakatnya mengenai khudi ini, dan segala sesuatu di alam ini memiliki khudinya sendiri-sendiri. Setiap khudi akan bergerak maju sehingga mencapai titik perkembangannya masing-masing.
Artificial intelligence/machine learning in manufacturing and inspection: A GE perspective
Authors: Aggour Kareem S. , Gupta Vipul K. , Ruscitto Daniel , Ajdelsztajn Leonardo , Bian Xiao , Brosnan Kristen H. , Chennimalai Kumar Natarajan , Dheeradhada Voramon , Hanlon Timothy , Iyer Naresh , Karandikar Jaydeep , Li Peng , Moitra Abha , Reimann Johan , Robinson Dean M. , Santamaria-Pang Alberto , Shen Chen , Soare Monica A. , Sun Changjie , Suzuki Akane , Venkataramana Raju , Vinciquerra Joseph 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Incorporating MicroRNA into Molecular Phenotypes of Circulating Tumor Cells Enhances the Prognostic Accuracy for Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Tan Weige , Liang Gehao , Xie Xinhua , Jiang Wenguo , Tan Luyuan , Sanders Andrew J. , Liu Zihao , Ling Yun , Zhong Wenjing , Tian Zhenluan , Lin Wanyi , Gong Chang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The molecular phenotype of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was associated with clinical outcome of patients with breast cancer. CTCs isolated from patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) display a unique microRNA (miRNA) expression profile. The aim of this study was to enhance the prognostic accuracy of the CTC phenotype in patients with MBC, by incorporating miRNA into a combined prediction model.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
CTCs were detected by CellSearch and enriched by magnetic cell sorting. miRNA deep sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to screen and verify potentially CTC-specific miRNA candidates. Patients with MBC were enrolled from two independent cohorts, and overall survival (OS) and chemotherapy response were analyzed.

Results
We screened and identified that miR-106b was an upregulated molecule in patients with MBC with CTC ≥5/7.5 mL (n = 16) compared with patients with CTC = 0/7.5 mL (n = 16) and healthy donors (n = 8). The expression of CTC-specific miR-106b correlated with vimentin and E-cadherin in CTC and acted as an independent factor for predicting OS (hazard ratio 2.157, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.098–4.239, p = .026). Although CTC-specific miR-106b, E-cadherin, and vimentin showed a prognostic potential independently, the prognostic performance for OS based on the combination of three markers was significantly enhanced in Cohort 1 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.752, 95% CI 0.658–0.847, n = 128) and further validated in Cohort 2 (AUC 0.726, 95% CI 0.595–0.856, n = 91). Besides, a combined model incorporating miR-106b was associated with therapy response.

Conclusion
The phenotypic assemblies of CTC incorporating miR-106b show enhanced prognostic accuracy of overall survival in patients with MBC.

Implications for Practice
In order to enhance the prognostic accuracy of the circulating tumor cell (CTC) phenotype in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), this study screened and identified a CTC-specific microRNA (miRNA), miR-106b, as an upregulated molecule based on the comparison of miRNA profile between CTCs, primary tumors, and healthy blood donors. By incorporating miR-106b into a combined prediction model, the prognostic accuracy of the CTC phenotype for patients with MBC was greatly improved in both the training and validation cohorts. This work provides clinical evidence supporting the prognostic potential of CTC-specific miRNA for patients with MBC. These results indicate that developing CTC-specific miRNAs as new biomarkers will help to further optimize personalized therapy.
Syllable, accent, rhythm: typological and methodological considerations for teaching Spanish as a foreign language
Authors: Lahoz José María 
Published: July 2019

El ritmo es una propiedad del habla relacionada con la organización temporal de los sonidos en términos de agrupamiento. Las unidades de segmentación son específicas de cada lengua y emergen de propiedades fonológicas tales como la estructura silábica, la fonotáctica, y los contrastes prosódicos en los niveles léxico y postléxico. Las diferencias rítmicas entre las lenguas plantean problemas para la adquisición de segundas lenguas, debido a la compleja combinación de claves acústicas, las dificultades perceptivas causadas por la sordera fonológica, y las interferencias con la organización de los contrastes segmentales y con el acceso al léxico. Este artículo ofrece una comparación tipológica que incluye descripciones de las distintas clases de ritmo existentes (temporización silábica, acentual, y moraica), así como de los distintos sistemas de contraste prosódico en el nivel léxico (lenguas tonales, de acento tonal, y de acento tipo «stress»). Este análisis permite predecir los errores típicos que afectan a los estudiantes de español de distintas procedencias lingü.sticas. Además, se describe la estructura silábica y el sistema acentual del español, y se sugieren algunas estrategias para practicarlos en clase.
La integración de las TIC en la clase de ELE. Panorama de una (r)evolución
Authors: Hernández Mercedes María del Pilar 
Published: July 2019

El propósito de este artículo es doble y responde a las directrices siguientes: por un lado, revisar el estado de la cuestión de la integración de las TIC en el aula de ELE y por el otro, indicar los elementos y líneas más significativos que dentro del ámbito de las TIC van a marcar la enseñanza/aprendizaje del español como lengua extranjera o L2 en un futuro inmediato desde las perspectivas tanto del estudiante como del investigador y del docente.
Clinical profile of the patients presenting with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancinoma: an institution based retrospective study
Authors: Jyoti Deep , . Arti , . Kunzes , Jamwal Padam Singh 
Published: July 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In India the overall incidence of cancer is low. However the cancers of head and neck have high incidence like that of larynx and pharynx.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective study conducted in the department of ENT, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu, for a period of 3 years from June 2016 to March 2019. 112 patients with cancer of larynx and hypopharynx were included in the study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The male to female ratio in the present study was 9:1. Mean age of presentation of the patients was 57.9±4.6 years. Hoarseness was the overall the most common complaint of the patients presenting with malignancy of larynx and hypopharynx (80.35%), followed by the complaint of dysphagia (68.7%). Smoking and alcohol consumption was the most common risk factor associated. 78 (69.6%) had primary malignancy of larynx and 34 (30.4%) had primary malignancy arising from hypopharynx. Most common site of presentation for laryngeal cancer was supraglottis (56/78) while pyriform sinus was the most common site to be involved in hypopharynx (24/34). 76 out of 112 patients (67.8%) presented with neck nodes. 41% of the patients presented in stage III and 32.14% patients presented in stage IV malignancy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Malignant laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers are presented in late stages when management options become limited and survival of the patients fall significantly. Awareness of the symptoms developing due to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer is necessary so that people can recognize the developing cancers in earliest stages.</p>
Perioperative Use of Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Eliasberg Claire D. , Levack Ashley E. , Gausden Elizabeth B. , Garvin Sean , Russell Linda A. , Kelly Anne M. 
Published: July 2019

» The use of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the perioperative setting is an important issue that is particularly relevant to orthopaedic procedures, but no official recommendations currently exist for NOACs in orthopaedic surgery.» Given the lack of a current consensus in the orthopaedic literature, a standardized approach is essential in order to help minimize both the duration of time without chronic anticoagulation and complications that can arise from excessive bleeding.» We propose a combined profile assessment that takes into account the type of anticoagulant as well as both patient-specific and procedure-specific risk factors and provide an algorithm to help guide periprocedural NOAC use.
MASA DEPAN STUDI ISLAM DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI KEAGAMAAN ISLAM (Sebuah Tinjauan Filosofis-Yuridis)
Authors: Rohman Miftahur , Syahril Sulthan , Fauziyati Dini 
Published: July 2019

Higher Education of Islamic Religion (PTKI) become an integral part of the development of Islamic civilization in Indonesia. According to the reason, it is needed a renewal of education system that can produce graduates who are globally competitive, have social skills, and have multicultural character. This research attempts to formulate an integration model of science and religion in Islamic studies at PTKI to create ideal graduates who are aspired. By tracking literature and using a philosophical approach to the theory of spider webs by Amin Abdullah, it can be concluded that Islamic studies at PTKI that focused on the study of religious sciences ('ulūm al-dīn), it must be held a dialogue with modern scientific disciplines and must always in critical-analytic studies. Practically this integration is realized in the form of reinterpretation of religious texts in order to answer complex social problems. Thus, besides having academic provision, graduates of PTKI are expected to have social intelligence, diversity character, and not rigid to differences.أصبحت التربية الإسلامية في المرحلة الجامعية جزءا لا يتجزّء في بناء الثقافة الإسلامية في إندونيسيا. بهذا تحتاج الحالة إلى التغيير والتجديد في نظام التربية المطبقة لتخريج الخرّيجين ذوي روح المنافسة العالمية، والقدرات الاجتماعية، والخلق المتعدد الثقافات. حاولت هذه الدراسة وضع نموذج التمزيج بين العلوم والدين في الدراسات الإسلامية في الجامعات الإسلامية بهدف تخريج الخرّجين المثاليين. فبدراسة أنواع من المصادر والمراجع وبالمدخل الفلسفي ونظرية شبكة العنكبوت لأمين عبد الله، يمكن الاستنتاج أن الدراسات الإسلامية في الجامعات الإسلامية المرتكزة على دراسة العلوم الدينية لابد من ربطها بالعلوم العصرية ولابد أن تكون الدراسة في ظل الدراسة النقدية والتحليلية. وفي الواقع، كان هذا التمزيج يتمثّل في استنباط المعنى الجديد من النصوص الدينية لحل المشاكل الاجتماعية التى أصبحت متعقدة. بهذا فعلى خريج الجامعات الإسلامية أن يستولوا على البضائع الأكاديكية وبجانب ذلك أن يكون لهم الذكاء الإجتماعي وقبول التنوّعات وسماحة لمواجهة الاختلافات
Metodologi Pengembangan Ilmu Pendidikan Islam Prespektif Al-Qur’an Surat Fushilat ayat 53
Authors: Tharaba Fahim 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Islamic Education as an important scientific building to always be developed so that there is improvement in the concept and practical level. In this paper the science of Islamic education will be seen from the perspective of the letter Fushilat 53 to develop its theoretical concepts. For this reason, the contents of the Islamic education curriculum can be seen in three orientations, namely the development of science oriented on: (1) The concept of divinity (Divine). (2) The concept of humanity (anfusion) (3) The concept of experience (afaqi). Furthermore, the approach to presenting an Islamic education curriculum can be formulated as follows: (1) the level of basic education is based on a psychological-religious approach; (2) secondary education levels (first and top) are based on scientific psychological approaches; and (3) higher education levels are based on religious-scientific and philosophical approaches. So that all the development of knowledge in Islamic Education based on and based on the main and main sources of the Qur’an and as-Sunnah, and in its implementation always cannot be separated from its history. In this discussion, the main objective was to find the methodology of the development of the Islamic education in the perspective of the Al-Qur’an Surat Fushilatayat 53. ملخّص: التربية الإسلامية كمبنى علمي هام يتم تطويره باستمرار حتى يكون هناك تحسن في المفهوم والمستوى العملي. في هذا البحث سيتم النظر إلى علم التربية الإسلامية من منظور الحرف فصلت : 53 تطوير مفاهيمه النظرية. لهذا) السبب ، يمكن رؤية محتويات منهج التربية الإسلامية في ثلاثة اتجاهات ، وهي تطوير العلوم الموجهة نحو: ) 1مفهوم الألوهية ) 2( مفهوم الإنسانية ) 3( مفهوم الخبرة . علاوة على ذلك ، يمكن صياغة نهج تقديم منهج التربية الإسلامية على النحو التالي: ) 1( يعتمد مستوى التعليم الأساسي على النهج النفسي الديني ؛ ) 2( تستند مستويات التعليم الثانوي )الأول والأعلى( إلى المقاربات النفسية العلمية ؛ و ) 3( تستند مستويات التعليم العالي على المناهج الدينية والعلمية والفلسفية. بحيث لا يمكن فصل كل تطور المعرفة في التربية الإسلامية المبني على أساس المصادر الرئيسية والرائدة للقرآن والسنة ، وعلى تنفيذه على الدوام عن تاريخه. في هذه المناقشة ، كان الهدف الرئيسي هو العثور على منهجية تطوير التربية الإسلامية في منظور القرآن الكريم سورة فصلت :53
Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tools for assessment of acute stroke: a systematic review
Authors: Antipova Daria , Eadie Leila , Macaden Ashish , Wilson Philip 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction

Recanalisation therapy in acute ischaemic stroke is highly time-sensitive, and requires early identification of eligible patients to ensure better outcomes. Thus, a number of clinical assessment tools have been developed and this review examines their diagnostic capabilities.

Methods

Diagnostic performance of currently available clinical tools for identification of acute ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes and stroke mimicking conditions was reviewed. A systematic search of the literature published in 2015-2018 was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and The Cochrane Library. Prehospital and in-hospital studies with a minimum sample size of 300 patients reporting diagnostic accuracy were selected.

Results

Twenty-five articles were included. Cortical signs (gaze deviation, aphasia and neglect) were shown to be significant indicators of large vessel occlusion (LVO). Sensitivity values for selecting subjects with LVO ranged from 23% to 99% whereas specificity was 24% to 97%. Clinical tools, such as FAST-ED, NIHSS, and RACE incorporating cortical signs as well as motor dysfunction demonstrated the best diagnostic accuracy. Tools for identification of stroke mimics showed sensitivity varying from 44% to 91%, and specificity of 27% to 98% with the best diagnostic performance demonstrated by FABS (90% sensitivity, 91% specificity). Hypertension and younger age predicted intracerebral haemorrhage whereas history of atrial fibrillation and diabetes were associated with ischaemia. There was a variation in approach used to establish the definitive diagnosis. Blinding of the index test assessment was not specified in about 50% of included studies.

Conclusions

A wide range of clinical assessment tools for selecting subjects with acute stroke has been developed in recent years. Assessment of both cortical and motor function using RACE, FAST-ED and NIHSS showed the best diagnostic accuracy values for selecting subjects with LVO. There were limited data on clinical tools that can be used to differentiate between acute ischaemia and haemorrhage. Diagnostic accuracy appeared to be modest for distinguishing between acute stroke and stroke mimics with optimal diagnostic performance demonstrated by the FABS tool. Further prehospital research is required to improve the diagnostic utility of clinical assessments with possible application of a two-step clinical assessment or involvement of simple brain imaging, such as transcranial ultrasonography.
Attributable burden and expenditure of cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors in Mexico and other selected mega-countries
Authors: Mendoza-Herrera Kenny , Pedroza-Tobías Andrea , Hernández-Alcaraz Cesar , Ávila-Burgos Leticia , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. , Cervera Simón Barquera 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a health and economic threat globally. This paper aims to describe this problem in Mexico and other selected mega-countries through a review of published literature and the exploration of secondary datasets.

Method

Mega-countries with low (Nigeria), middle (India), high (China/Brazil/Mexico), and very high (the U.S./Japan) human development index (HDI) were included. The review was divided into two topics: prevalence of dyslipidemia and CVD economic impact. Search, screening, and filtering processes were conducted in electronic databases using MeSH terms by one trained researcher. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered for eligibility. Methods and results were reported according to the PRISMA statement. Information from datasets on epidemiologic CVD indicators was also extracted.

Results

Thirty-two studies were eligible. Heterogeneity in economic data and limited nationwide information on dyslipidemias prevalence in some countries were found. Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia were higher in Mexico compared to other countries. Dietary risk factors have a higher contribution on cardiovascular mortality in developing countries: e.g. 8.1-13.8% Mexico, 11.3-13.0% India vs. 0.078-8.9% Japan, 6.5-10.7% the U.S. Probability of dying prematurely from CVD in 2016 was higher in lower HDI countries: 23.3-22.5% (low-middle), 17.0-15.7% (high), and 14.6-8.4% (very high). From 1990-2016, a greater decrease in cardiovascular mortality in developed countries was registered (-56.8% Japan/-11.1% India). In 2015, an expenditure of USD-PPP $11.2 billion due to hypertension, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure was reported in Mexico (4% from public health expenditure). CVD ranked first in health care expenditures in almost all these nations and this economic burden is expected to remain significant by 2030, especially in the most populated or developed countries.

Conclusions

The higher burden of CVD and its significant economic impact, coupled with poor clinical practice and epidemiological surveillance, represents a greater challenge for Mexico and other developing mega-countries. Thus, governments and academia should secure resources to assure an optimal monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors. Educational models and medical practice must be improved to optimize the diagnosis of CVD and the prescription and adherence of their pharmacological and lifestyle treatments. Long-term benefits are expected from strengthening strategies to modify the food system.
Variation in plastid genomes and transcriptomes in the gynodioecious species Silene vulgaris
Authors: Krüger Manuela , Abeyawardana Oushadee A.J. , Juricek Miloslav , Krüger Claudia , Storchova Helena 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Gynodioecious species exist in two genders – male-sterile females and hermaphrodites. Male sterility in higher plants often results from mitonuclear interaction between the CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility) gene(s) encoded by mitochondrial genome and by nuclear-encoded restorer genes. Mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded transcriptomes in females and hermaphrodites are intensively studied, but little is known about gender-specific gene expression in plastids. We have compared plastid transcriptomes between females and hermaphrodites in two haplotypes of a gynodioecious species Silene vulgaris with known CMS candidate genes.

Results

We generated complete plastid genome sequences from five haplotypes S. vulgaris including the haplotypes KRA and KOV, for which complete mitochondrial genome sequences were already published. We constructed a phylogenetic tree based on plastid sequences of S. vulgaris. Whereas lowland S. vulgaris haplotypes including KRA and KOV clustered together, the accessions from high European mountains diverged early in the phylogram. S. vulgaris belongs among Silene species with slowly evolving plastid genomes, but we still detected 212 substitutions and 112 indels between two accessions of this species. We estimated elevated Ka/Ks in the ndhF gene, which may reflect the adaptation of S. vulgaris to high altitudes, or relaxed selection. We compared depth of coverage and editing rates between female and hermaphrodite plastid transcriptomes and found no significant differences between the two genders. We identified 51 unique C to U editing sites in the plastid genomes of S. vulgaris, 38 of them in protein coding regions, 2 in introns, and 11 in intergenic regions. The editing site in the psbZ gene was edited only in one of two plastid genomes under study.

Conclusions

We revealed no significant differences between the genders in plastid transcriptomes of two haplotypes of S. vulgaris. It suggests that gene expression of plastid genes is not affected by CMS in flower buds of S. vulgaris, although both genders may still differ in plastid gene expression in specific tissues. We revealed the difference between the plastid transcriptomes of two S. vulgaris haplotypes in editing rate and in the coverage of several antisense transcripts. Our results document the variation in plastid genomes and transcriptomes in S. vulgaris.