bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segmental aneuploidy in human blastocysts: a qualitative and quantitative overview
Authors: Escribà María-José , Vendrell Xavier , Peinado Vanessa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Microarray-based and next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revealed that segmental aneuploidy is frequently present in human oocytes, cleavage-stage embryos and blastocysts. However, very little research has analyzed the type, size, chromosomal distribution and topography of the chromosomal segments at the different stages of development.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of 822 PGT-A (preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidies) performed on trophectoderm samples from 3565 blastocysts biopsied between January 2016 and April 2017. The cycles in question had been initiated for varying clinical indications. Samples were analyzed by next generation sequencing-based technology. Segmental aneuploidies were evaluated when fragment size was > 5 Mb. Blastocysts presenting a single segmental aneuploidy (SSA), without any additional whole-chromosome gain/loss, were statistically analyzed for incidence, type, size and chromosomal emplacement. Segment sizes relative to the whole chromosome or arm (chromosome- and arm-ratios) were also studied.

Results
8.4% (299/3565) of blastocysts exhibited segmental aneuploidy for one or more chromosomes, some of which were associated with whole-chromosome aneuploidy while others were not. Nearly half of them (4.5%: 159/3565 of blastocysts) exhibited pure-SSA, meaning that a single chromosome was affected by a SSA. Segments were more frequent in medium-sized metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes and particularly in q-chrmosome arms, variables that were related to trophectoderm quality. SSA size was related to a greater extent to chromosome number and the arm affected than it was to SSA type. In absolute values (Mb), SSA size was larger in large chromosomes. However, the SSA:chromosome ratio was constant across all chromosomes and never exceeded 50% of the chromosome.

Conclusions
SSA frequency is chromosome- and topographically dependent, and its incidence is not related to clinical or embryological factors, but rather to trophectoderm quality. SSA might be originated by chromosome instability in response to chromothripsis, bias introduced by the biopsy and/or iatrogenic effects.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered.
Preactivation of Notch1 in remote ischemic preconditioning reduces cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through crosstalk with the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Liang Weidong , Lin Chunshui , Yuan Liuqing , Chen Li , Guo Peipei , Li Ping , Wang Wei , Zhang Xin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) initiates endogenous protective pathways in the brain from a distance and represents a new, promising paradigm in neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism of RIPC-mediated cerebral ischemia tolerance is complicated and not well understood. We reported previously that preactivation of Notch1 mediated the neuroprotective effects of cerebral ischemic preconditioning in rats subjected to cerebral I/R injury. The present study seeks to further explore the role of crosstalk between the Notch1 and NF-κB signaling pathways in the process of RIPC-induced neuroprotection.

Methods
Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in adult male rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in primary hippocampal neurons were used as models of I/R injury in vivo and in vitro, respectively. RIPC was induced by a 3-day procedure with 4 cycles of 5 min of left hind limb ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion each day before MCAO/R. Intracerebroventricular DAPT injection and sh-Notch1 lentivirus interference were used to inhibit the Notch1 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro, respectively. After 24 h of reperfusion, neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, neuronal apoptosis, and cell viability were assessed. The protein expression levels of NICD, Hes1, Phospho-IKKα/β (p-IKK α/β), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65), Bcl-2, and Bax were assessed by Western blotting.

Results
RIPC significantly improved neurological scores and reduced infarct volume and neuronal apoptosis in rats subjected to I/R injury. OGD preconditioning significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis and improved cell viability after I/R injury on days 3 and 7 after OGD/R. However, the neuroprotective effect was reversed by DAPT in vivo and attenuated by Notch1-RNAi in vitro. RIPC significantly upregulated the expression of proteins related to the Notch1 and NF-κB pathways. NF-κB signaling pathway activity was suppressed by a Notch1 signaling pathway inhibitor and Notch1-RNAi.

Conclusions
The neuroprotective effect of RIPC against cerebral I/R injury was associated with preactivation of the Notch1 and NF-κB pathways in neurons. The NF-κB pathway is a downstream target of the Notch1 pathway in RIPC and helps protect focal cerebral I/R injury.
Diagnostic extended usefulness of RMI: comparison of four risk of malignancy index in preoperative differentiation of borderline ovarian tumors and benign ovarian tumors
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Yu Shan , Hou Wenying , Li Xiaoying , Ning Chunping , Wu Yingnan , Zhang Feng , Jiao Yu Fei , Lee Leo Tsz On , Sun Litao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to examine the performance of the four risk of malignancy index (RMI) in discriminating borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and benign ovarian masses in daily clinical practice.

Methods
A total of 162 women with BOTs and 379 women with benign ovarian tumors diagnosed at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2012 to December 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Also, we classified these patients into serous borderline ovarian tumor (SBOT) and mucinous borderline ovarian tumor (MBOT) subgroup. Preoperative ultrasound findings, cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and menopausal status were reviewed. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC) and performance indices of RMI I, RMI II, RMI III and RMI IV were calculated and compared for discrimination between benign ovarian tumors and BOTs.

Results
RMI I had the highest AUC (0.825, 95% CI: 0.790–0.856) among the four RMIs in BOTs group. Similar results were found in SBOT (0.839, 95% CI: 0.804–0.871) and MBOT (0.791, 95% CI: 0.749–0.829) subgroups. RMI I had the highest specificity among the BOTs group (87.6, 95% CI: 83.9–90.7%), SBOT (87.6, 95% CI: 83.9–90.7%) and MBOT group (87.6, 95% CI: 83.9–90.7%). RMI II scored the highest overall in terms of sensitivity among the BOTs group (69.75, 95% CI: 62.1–76.7%), SBOT (74.34, 95% CI: 65.3–82.1%) and MBOT (59.18, 95% CI: 44.2–73.0%) group.

Conclusion
Compared to other RMIs, RMI I was the best-performed method for differentiation of BOTs from benign ovarian tumors. At the same time, RMI I also performed best in the discrimination SBOT from benign ovarian tumors.
External iliac vein compression and lower-extremity swelling caused by an iliopectineal ganglion: a case report
Authors: Fukui Kiyokazu , Kaneuji Ayumi , Kawahara Norio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
A hip joint ganglion is a rare cause of lower-extremity swelling.

Case presentation
We report a case of a Japanese patient with ganglion of the hip with compression of the external iliac/femoral vein that produced signs and symptoms mimicking those of deep vein thrombosis.

Conclusions
Needle aspiration of the ganglion was performed, and swelling of the lower extremity promptly decreased. At 7.5 years after aspiration, there was no recurrence of swelling of the leg. Although the recurrence rate for ganglions after needle aspiration is high, it is worthwhile trying aspiration first.
Characterization of a d-lyxose isomerase from Bacillus velezensis and its application for the production of d-mannose and l-ribose
Authors: Guo Zongren , Long Liangkun , Ding Shaojun 
Published: September 2019

Abstractd-Mannose andl-ribose are two important monosaccharides, which have attracted public attention recently because of their great application potentials in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Sugar isomerases catalyze the sugar isomerization and therefore can be used as the biocatalysts for production of the high-value sugars from inexpensive sugars.l-arabinose isomerase catalyzes the conversion ofl-arabinose tol-ribulose, whiled-lyxose isomerase catalyzesl-ribulose andd-fructose tol-ribose andd-mannose, respectively. In this paper, a putatived-LI fromBacillus velezensis(BvLI) was identified, characterized and used to produced-mannose andl-ribose fromd-fructose andl-arabinose, respectively. The recombinant BvLI exhibited a maximum activity at 55 °C and pH 6.5, in the presence of 0.1 mM Co2+. Approximately 110.75 g/Ld-mannose was obtained from 500 g/Ld-fructose in 6 h by the recombinant BvLI, and approximately 105 g/Ll-ribose was obtained from 500 g/Ll-arabinose in 8 h by the successive biocatalysis ofl-arabinose isomerase fromBacillus licheniformis(BlAI) and BvLI.
Identification of RUNX2 variants associated with cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Gao Xueren , Li Kunxia , Fan Yanjie , Sun Yu , Luo Xiaomei , Wang Lili , Liu Huili , Gong Zhuwen , Wang Jianguo , Wang Yu , Gu Xuefan , Yu Yongguo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder mainly characterized by hypoplastic or absent clavicles, delayed closure of the fontanelles, multiple dental abnormalities, and short stature. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene variants can cause CCD, but are not identified in all CCD patients.

Methods
In this study, we detected genetic variants in seven unrelated children with CCD by targeted high-throughput DNA sequencing or Sanger sequencing.

Results
All patients carried a RUNX2 variant, totally including three novel pathogenic variants (c.722_725delTGTT, p.Leu241Serfs*8; c.231_232delTG, Ala78Glyfs*82; c.909C > G, p.Tyr303*), three reported pathogenic variants (c.577C > T, p.Arg193*; c.574G > A, p.Gly192Arg; c.673 C > T, p.Arg225Trp), one likely pathogenic variant (c.668G > T, p.Gly223Val). The analysis of the variant source showed that all variants were de novo except the two variants (c.909C > G, p.Tyr303*; c.668G > T, p.Gly223Val) inherited from the patient’s father and mother with CCD respectively. Further bioinformatics analysis indicated that these variants could influence the structure of RUNX2 protein by changing the number of H-bonds or amino acids. The experimental result showed that the Gly223Val mutation made RUNX2 protein unable to quantitatively accumulate in the nucleus.

Conclusions
The present study expands the pathogenic variant spectrum of RUNX2 gene, which will contribute to the diagnosis of CCD and better genetic counseling in the future.
Hippo signalling during development
Authors: Davis John Robert , Tapon Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The Hippo signalling pathway and its transcriptional co-activator targets Yorkie/YAP/TAZ first came to attention because of their role in tissue growth control. Over the past 15 years, it has become clear that, like other developmental pathways (e.g. the Wnt, Hedgehog and TGFβ pathways), Hippo signalling is a ‘jack of all trades’ that is reiteratively used to mediate a range of cellular decision-making processes from proliferation, death and morphogenesis to cell fate determination. Here, and in the accompanying poster, we briefly outline the core pathway and its regulation, and describe the breadth of its roles in animal development.
Labour: Can we make it a better experience?
Enhancing knowledge, expectations and use of natural pain relief in labour.
Authors: Brijmohan Sharmela , Ramdeholl Dr.H , Pedro Dr.L 
Published: September 2019

While a large body of research has explored risk factors for poor birth outcomes and catastrophic birth events, less attention has been paid to positive birth experience and maternal satisfaction.
Between 10-20% of all women have negative experience. The reported prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder after childbirth ranges from 1.5% to 6%
Given the lack of regular use of labour analgesia and poor availability of childbirth education classes in Guyana, it is important patient have positive expectations and adequate knowledge of the labour process and strategies of natural pain relief.
These factors not only impact on the resulting experience, but on the quality of subsequent mothering, attitudes toward modes of future deliveries and on CS rates.
Fractional Powers of Monotone Operators in Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Hauer Daniel , He Yuhan , Liu Dehui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this article is to provide a functional analytical framework for defining thefractional powersAs{A^{s}}for-1<s<1{-1<s<1}of maximal monotone (possibly multivalued and nonlinear) operatorsAin Hilbert spaces. We investigate the semigroup{e-As⁢t}t≥0{\{e^{-A^{s}t}\}_{t\geq 0}}generated by-As{-A^{s}}, prove comparison principles and interpolations properties of{e-As⁢t}t≥0{\{e^{-A^{s}t}\}_{t\geq 0}}in Lebesgue and Orlicz spaces. We give sufficient conditions implying thatAs{A^{s}}has a sub-differential structure. These results extend earlier ones obtained in the cases=1/2{s=1/2}for maximal monotone operators [H. Brézis, Équations d’évolution du second ordre associées à des opérateurs monotones, Israel J. Math. 12 1972, 51–60], [V. Barbu, A class of boundary problems for second order abstract differential equations, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. IA Math. 19 1972, 295–319], [V. Barbu, Nonlinear Semigroups and Differential Equations in Banach Spaces, Noordhoff International, Leiden, 1976], [E. I. Poffald and S. Reich, An incomplete Cauchy problem, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 113 1986, 2, 514–543], and the recent advances for linear operatorsAobtained in [L. Caffarelli and L. Silvestre, An extension problem related to the fractional Laplacian, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 32 2007, 7–9, 1245–1260], [P. R. Stinga and J. L. Torrea, Extension problem and Harnack’s inequality for some fractional operators, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 35 2010, 11, 2092–2122].
Measuring lower limb circumference and volume – introduction of a novel optical 3D volumetric measurement system
Authors: Tischer Thomas , Oye Sebastian , Wolf Andreas , Feldhege Frank , Jacksteit Robert , Mittelmeier Wolfram , Bader Rainer , Mau-Moeller Anett 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study comprised two experiments: (1) the reliability of a novel optical three-dimensional (3D) volumetric measurement system (BODYTRONIC® 600) for the assessment of lower limb circumference and volume; (2) the comparison of data obtained from BODYTRONIC® 600 with that provided by computed tomography (CT) for accuracy estimation. Reliability was assessed in 20 healthy subjects. Accuracy was determined by comparing the deviations in the surface topology of two 3D models obtained from BODYTRONIC® 600 and CT. Reliability was very high for leg circumference measures [coefficient of variations (CVs) range 0.3%–1.3%] and slightly lower for foot circumference (CVs around 2.0%). Reliability of leg volume was also found to be very high (CVs ≤ 2.5%). Differences in surface topology between BODYTRONIC® 600 and CT were primarily below 1 mm indicating high accuracy. The volumes of the foot were higher (range 0.9%–1.7%) and that of the leg, lower (range 1.0%–1.3%) compared to CT. The BODYTRONIC® 600 system provides fast, highly reliable and accurate measures of lower limb circumference and volume and can be considered as a valuable measurement tool for use in various research and clinical applications.
Optimization of microwave-assisted manganese leaching from electrolyte manganese residue
Authors: Chang Jun , Srinivasakannan Chandrasekar , Sun Xianxiu , Jia Fukang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe process optimization of microwave assisted leaching of manganese from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) was conducted. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to determine the number of experiments as well as to assess the effect of the main leaching parameters, including the reaction temperature, reaction time, concentration of sulfuric acid and dosage of citric acid. A quadratic model was found to best fit the experimental data and was utilized to optimize the process parameters to maximize the percentage manganese recovery. 3-D response surface plots and contour plots were generated utilizing mathematical models to understand the effect of variables as well as to identify the optimal conditions. The optimum conditions of microwave assisted leaching were: temperature of 76°C, time of 55 min, H2SO4 concentration of 0.76 mol·L-1, dosage of citric acid of 3.51 mg/g. Under these conditions, the percentage manganese recovery higher than 90% could be achieved.
Urban Autonomy in South African Intergovernmental Relations Jurisprudence
Authors: Pieterse Marius 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The notion of urban autonomy is increasingly significant in a global era where city governments are playing an ever-growing role in development, as well as in domestic and international politics. While extending significantly beyond legal configurations of local government powers and functions, urban autonomy is importantly shaped, enabled and protected by constitutional and legal provisions. This is so especially where urban governance happens in a resource-strapped and often politically volatile environment. This article considers the extent to which formal constitutional structures, and their justiciability, enable and channel urban autonomy in the developing world, with a focus on the constitutionally ensconced powers and functional authority of cities in South Africa. Through an overview of relevant constitutional and statutory provisions and of court decisions upholding urban autonomy in intergovernmental disputes, the article illustrates that South African cities have been served well by a constitutional framework emphasising cooperative governance and developmental local government, as well as by the justiciable entrenchment of local government’s executive, legislative and administrative authority.
Crystal structure of bis(acridin-10-ium) 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate — 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (1/1), C21H15NO6
Authors: Chang Xin-Hong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C21H15NO6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3591(4) Å, b = 9.4371(5) Å, c = 10.1106(5) Å, α = 102.581(4)°, β = 92.929(4)°, γ = 102.573(4)°, V = 846.09(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0452, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1135, T = 288.7(3) K.
An essay on periodic tables
Authors: Pyykkö Pekka 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
After a compact history of the PT, from Döbereiner’s triads to the theoretical predictions up to element 172, a number of particular issues is discussed: Why may Z = 172 be a limit for stable electron shells? What are the expected stability limits of the nuclear isotopes? When are formally empty atomic orbitals used in molecular electronic structures? What is ‘Secondary Periodicity’? When do the elements (Ir, Pt, Au), at the end of a bond, simulate (N, O, I), respectively? Some new suggestions for alternative PTs are commented upon. As a local connection, Johan Gadolin’s 1794 analysis of the Ytterby mineral is mentioned.
Introduction
Authors: Dinter Martin T. , Reitz-Joosse Bettina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This introduction outlines the meaning of ‘intermediality’, both with respect to the prefix ‘inter’, which does not only hint at interactions ‘between’ media but also at commentary about and phenomena within media, as well as to the concept of ‘media(lity)’. In so doing, it explains and critiques, for those new to intermedial analysis, the major schools of thought which define this field, drawing on Rajewsky, Elleström, Bruhn, Wolf, and their peers. It also demonstrates why intermediality is a useful framework for Classics research using Roman comedy as a case study, and contains chapter summaries for the special issue as a whole.
Quotations in Roman Prose as Intermedial Phenomena
Authors: Tischer Ute 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article takes as its starting point the observation that quotations in Latin prose are largely characterised by features of oral communication. It analyses four passages from Cicero, Suetonius, Gellius, and Servius so as to outline how these quotations bridge the verbal and the written, and can therefore be classified as covert intermedial representations. Specific formulae which shape text passages as quotations include both explicit markers such as ferunt (‘they say’) and dixit (‘he said’), as well as implicit hints ranging from demonstrative pronouns (illud, haec) to conjunctions (ut, sicut). These linguistic tags are read within the frameworks of ‘intermedial reference’ and ‘remediation’, thereby yielding insights on how oral and written features meld into the literary quotations of Roman prose. What is more, this chapter demonstrates the merits of its approach to Classical literature by showing that an awareness of media and medialities is conducive to original interpretations of well-studied ancient texts.
Inscriptional Intermediality in Livy
Authors: Palmer Morgan E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The term monumentum is used in Latin literature to describe a range of monuments across media, including temples, literary works, statues, and inscriptions. This article surveys the variety of monumenta in Livy’s Ab urbe condita, which range from the text itself to victory inscriptions and bronze sculptures meant to commemorate military as well as political achievements. The borders between historiography and physical artefacts are often blurred by Livy through inscriptional intermediality, a phenomenon defined as the mixing of visual and textual media. By outlining how Livy achieves this combination, and demonstrating how the specific ratio of literary, linguistic, and topographical features in his ekphrases generate unique impressions of real-world monuments, this chapter re-reads Livy’s history from the perspective of intermedial theory. This process not only advances our understanding of the Ab urbe condita as a literary work, but also thrusts individual aspects of Livy’s narrative technique – including visuality and unique formulae such as the introductory formula tabula … cum indice hoc posita est (Livy 41.28.8) – into the spotlight.
Einsatz von Methoden des maschinellen Lernens in der CT-Messtechnik
Authors: Höhne Robin , Hagner Lutz 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Röntgen-Computertomographie (R-CT) hat sich unter den zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren zur Inspektion der Produktqualität bereits einen festen Platz erworben. Aufgrund der ausführlichen, hochauflösenden Abbildung von relevanten Bauteilregionen weist die R-CT ein enormes Potenzial zur Lösung aktueller sowie zukünftiger Prüfaufgaben auf. Dementgegen stehen jedoch häufig die im Vergleich zu anderen Prüfverfahren höheren Kosten, welche sich aus den Anlageninvestitionen, der Scanzeit sowie der anschließenden Analyse- und Bewertungszeit ergeben. Als Dienstleiter im Bereich der R-CT ist die Microvista GmbH spezialisiert auf die Entwicklung automatisierter Analyse- und Bewertungsroutinen für CT-Schichtbilder. Der Einsatz von Methoden des maschinellen Sehens insbesondere für qualitative Bewertungen, welche meist noch durch einen Prüfer durchgeführt werden, wird dabei nicht nur als ein wesentlicher Schritt zur Reduktion der Inspektionskosten gesehen, sondern auch um den Bewertungsprozess objektiver und damit zuverlässiger zu gestalten. Im Folgenden sollen die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen, insbesondere der Umgang mit nur wenigen Trainingsbeispielen, sowie die erzielten Ergebnisse an einem Praxisbeispiel – der Fehlererkennung in einem Wassermantel – vorgestellt werden.