bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial migration in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures
Authors: Law G. W. , Wong Y. R. , Yew A. K-S. , Choh A. C. T. , Koh J. S. B. , Howe T. S. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives The paradoxical migration of the femoral neck element (FNE) superomedially against gravity, with respect to the intramedullary component of the cephalomedullary device, is a poorly understood phenomenon increasingly seen in the management of pertrochanteric hip fractures with the intramedullary nail. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bidirectional loading on the medial migration phenomenon, based on unique wear patterns seen on scanning electron microscopy of retrieved implants suggestive of FNE toggling. Methods A total of 18 synthetic femurs (Sawbones, Vashon Island, Washington) with comminuted pertrochanteric fractures were divided into three groups (n = 6 per group). Fracture fixation was performed using the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) implant (Synthes, Oberdorf, Switzerland; n = 6). Group 1 was subjected to unidirectional compression loading (600 N), with an elastomer (70A durometer) replacing loose fracture fragments to simulate surrounding soft-tissue tensioning. Group 2 was subjected to bidirectional loading (600 N compression loading, 120 N tensile loading), also with the elastomer replacing loose fracture fragments. Group 3 was subjected to bidirectional loading (600 N compression loading, 120 N tensile loading) without the elastomer. All constructs were tested at 2 Hz for 5000 cycles or until cut-out occurred. The medial migration distance (MMD) was recorded at the end of the testing cycles. Results The MMDs for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 1.02 mm, 6.27 mm, and 5.44 mm respectively, with reliable reproduction of medial migration seen in all groups. Bidirectional loading groups showed significantly higher MMDs compared with the unidirectional loading group (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our results demonstrate significant contributions of bidirectional cyclic loading to the medial migration phenomenon in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures. Cite this article: G. W. Law, Y. R. Wong, A. K-S. Yew, A. C. T. Choh, J. S. B. Koh, T. S. Howe. Medial migration in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures: A biomechanical analysis using a novel bidirectional cyclic loading model. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:313–322. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0271.R1.
Reviews
Authors: Tao Yu , Ma Xiao 
Published: July 2019

Mapping the New African Diaspora in China: Race and The Cultural Politics Of Belonging, Shanshan Lan (2017) New York and London: Routledge, 202 pp., ISBN 978-1-13867-306-9, h/bk, £105
International Migrants in China’s Global City: The New Shanghailanders, James Farrer (2019) Oxon and New York: Routledge, 216 pp, ISBN 978-0-81538-263-8, h/bk, $140
Community-based nursing education
Authors: Ulupınar Sevim , Gürel Emine , Şenyuva Emine , Kaya Hülya 
Published: July 2019

Recently a significant proportion of health services are provided in community-based settings. One of the most effective methods to train the health workforce in these settings is community-based education programs. Community-based education is partly taking place in the education programs of nursing schools in Turkey. But there is no community-based curriculum in nursing education. It is necessity put CBE on agenda for an effective and lasting solution to the training of qualified health workforce who will take part of the solve the problems such as; immigration which is a serious problem faced by our country, and the health needs of immigrants; the aging of the population and accompanying health problems; the fight against chronic diseases and similar problems. The main aim of the review is to explain the necessity of community-based nursing education programs in order to train qualified nurses for the needs of the community and the basic features of a community-based nursing program. In this review, the concept of community based education, community based nursing education program applications, strengths and difficulties of the program, basic principles to be considered while preparing community based education program are examined. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Günümüzde sağlık hizmetlerinin önemli bir bölümü toplum temelli ortamlarda verilmektedir. Bu ortamlarda çalışacak nitelikte sağlık insan gücü yetiştirmek için kullanılan en etkin yöntemlerden biri toplum temelli eğitim programlarıdır. Türkiye’de hemşire yetiştiren eğitim kurumlarının programlarında toplum temelli eğitime kısmen yer verildiği ancak toplum temelli eğitim programlarının olmadığı görülmüştür. Ülkemizin yüz yüze kaldığı ciddi bir sorun olan göç ve göçmenlerin sağlık ihtiyaçları, nüfusun yaşlanması ve buna eşlik eden sağlık sorunları, kronik hastalıklarla mücadele ve benzeri sorunların çözümünde rol alacak nitelikli sağlık insan gücünün yetiştirilmesinde etkin ve kalıcı bir çözüm olarak toplum temelli eğitim programlarının gündeme alınması zorunlu hale gelmektedir. Derlemenin temel amacı, toplumun ihtiyaçlarına uygun nitelikte hemşire yetiştirmek için toplum temelli hemşirelik eğitim programlarının önemini ve programın temel özelliklerini açıklamaktır. Derlemede, toplum temelli eğitim kavramı, toplum temelli hemşirelik eğitimi programı uygulamaları, programın güçlü yönleri ve yaşanan güçlükler, toplum temelli eğitim programı hazırlanırken dikkat edilmesi gereken temel ilkeler incelenmiştir.
An existence theorem for non-homogeneous differential inclusions in Sobolev spaces
Authors: Mandallena Jean-Philippe , Sychev Mikhail 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the present paper, we establish an existence theorem for non-homogeneous differential inclusions in Sobolev spaces.
This theorem extends the results of Müller and Sychev
[S. Müller and M. A. Sychev,
Optimal existence theorems for nonhomogeneous differential inclusions,
J. Funct. Anal. 181 2001, 2, 447–475;
M. A. Sychev,
Comparing various methods of resolving differential inclusions,
J. Convex Anal. 18 2011, 4, 1025–1045]
obtained in the setting of Lipschitz functions.
We also show that solutions can be selected with the property of higher regularity.
Requests for Food-provisions in RS 94.2523 and RS 94.2530
Authors: Lyons Michael C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Scholars have debated the meaning of both RS 94.2523 and 94.2530, two letters from Hatti to Ugarit at the end of the Late Bronze Age. Settling the meaning of the Sumerogram pad (Akkadian, kurummatu) as either a reference to metal ingots or a type of food-provision has persistently caused interpretative trouble. The present article reassesses Singer’s arguments for reading pad as metal ingots, and it finds his arguments unsupported by the philological evidence. In addition, this article offers a new observation about famine language in RS 94.2530 that suggests pad does indeed refer to food-provisions in both letters as originally proposed by Lackenbacher/Malbran-Labat.
Uccellacci e uccellini
Authors: Grassi Giulia Francesca 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The topic of this article are terms for animals in the Old Aramaic inscriptions. The corpus is quite rich (ca. 50 terms), including both terms for particular mammals reconstructed for Proto-Semitic, and terms that are rarely attested in other Semitic languages. Two peculiar Aramaic forms are already evidenced in Old Aramaic: the word for “cow” created through morphological rather than semantic opposition to the word “bull”, and the word for “serpent” derived from the verb “to live”. The attestation of some terms in Old Aramaic that do not occur in later Aramaic dialects is possibly due, at least in some cases, to external influences (for example, Akkadian in the inscription of Sfiré). Other terms are known later in a slightly different form, maybe due to tabooisation processes. However, the stability of the lexicon in general is quite remarkable. As is usual in ethnobiological classification, the most common taxa by far are generic species.
Bruno Taut and the Changed Conception of Modernism on the Eve of World War II
Authors: Nicolai Bernd 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Bruno Taut’s History, Language and Geography Faculty Building at Ankara University has received little attention in architectural history. As the work of an émigré architect, expelled from Germany in 1933, it is not only a product of Taut’s broader horizons through his experiences as an exile in Japan and Turkey, but also as a result of his confrontation with the modernization process under Atatürk’s new republic. Beyond this, Taut’s Faculty building issues a statement on the state of modern architecture in the late 1930s, where this type of public building was newly discussed in relation to different aspects of national representation, oscillating between dictatorship and democracy. This article explores the various facets that create this outstanding, unconventional and inventive building, as Taut’s major and enduring project during his later years, at the edge of classical modernism.
On sets of singular rotations for translation invariant differentiation bases formed by intervals
Authors: Oniani Giorgi , Chubinidze Kakha 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We study the dependence of differential properties of an indefinite
integral on a rotation of the coordinate system.
Namely, the following problem is studied:
For a summable function f, what kind of a set may be the set of rotations θ for which

∫
f

{\int f}

is not differentiable with respect to the θ-rotation of a given basis B?
For translation invariant bases B formed by two-dimensional intervals, some classes of sets of singular rotations are found.
In particular, for such bases with symmetric structure, a characterization of at most countable sets of singular rotations is found.
On the Numerical Computation of the Mittag–Leffler Function
Authors: Ortigueira Manuel D. , Lopes António M. , Tenreiro Machado José 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Mittag–Leffler function (MLF) plays an important role in many applications of fractional calculus, establishing a connection between exponential and power law behaviors that characterize integer and fractional order phenomena, respectively. Nevertheless, the numerical computation of the MLF poses problems both of accuracy and convergence. In this paper, we study the calculation of the 2-parameter MLF by using polynomial computation and integral formulas. For the particular cases having Laplace transform (LT) the method relies on the inversion of the LT using the fast Fourier transform. Experiments with two other available methods compare also the computational time and accuracy. The 3-parameter MLF and its calculation are also considered.
Nilpotent residual and fitting subgroup of fixed points in finite groups
Authors: de Melo Emerson 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let q be a prime and A a finite q-group of exponent q acting by automorphisms on a finite

q
′

{q^{\prime}}

-group G.
Assume that A has order at least

q
3

{q^{3}}

.
We show that if

γ
∞

⁢

(

C
G

⁢

(
a
)

)

{\gamma_{\infty}(C_{G}(a))}

has order at most m for any

a
∈

A
#

{a\in A^{\#}}

, then the order of

γ
∞

⁢

(
G
)

{\gamma_{\infty}(G)}

is bounded solely in terms of m.
If the Fitting subgroup of

C
G

⁢

(
a
)

{C_{G}(a)}

has index at most m for any

a
∈

A
#

{a\in A^{\#}}

, then the second Fitting subgroup of G has index bounded solely in terms of m.
Performance Analysis of FSO DF Relays with Log-Normal Fading Channel
Authors: Duyen Trung Ha 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the bit error performance analysis of decode-and-forward (DF) relays-based free-space optical (FSO) communication systems using avalanche photodiode (APD). The system uses subcarrier intensity binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulated signals and subjects to scintillation due to optical turbulence. A log-normal random process is considered to model the received signal intensity fluctuation for a clear-air condition (weak atmospheric turbulence) scenario. Mathematical expressions of the average bit error probability and bit error rate (BER) are derived by taking into account the impact of atmospheric loss, thermal-noise and shot-noise limited conditions. It can be inferred from the numerical results that using DF relay nodes can extend the transmission distance and minimize BER performance of FSO system significantly compared with the direct transmission. Moreover, the selection of APD’s gain values is essential to minimize the system’s error rate performance. Therefore, the system could achieve the minimal BER by selecting an optimal average APD gain value appropriately. Moreover, the optimal average gain values of APD significantly depend on various conditions, such as the bit rate, total transmitted power, and the number of relay nodes.
Determination of cerebral edema with serial measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter during treatment in children with diabetic ketoacidosis: a longitudinal study
Authors: Kendir Ozlem Tolu , Yilmaz Hayri Levent , Ozkaya Ahmet Kagan , Turan Ihsan , Gokay Sinem Sari , Bilen Sevcan , Yildizdas Riza Dincer , Yuksel Bilgin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Cerebral edema is a fatal complication that can occur in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Its clinical signs are generally not explicit, and subclinical cerebral edema can occur. This study is one of the few longitudinal studies conducted to identify cerebral edema in patients with DKA by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). The aim of this study was to investigate cerebral edema in children with DKA with serial measurement of ONSD, which is an early and reliable indicator of cerebral edema, and to monitor changes in ONSD during therapy.

Methods
The study was conducted by measuring ONSD ultrasonographically at baseline and during the course of therapy in patients with DKA. All participants were diagnosed and received therapy at our unit between May 2016 and June 2017. The study was registered with the Clinical Trials database, with a study number of NCT02937441. Measurements were obtained while the patients were in the supine position with their eyes closed, and axial transbulbar images of both eyes were obtained with a 6–15-MHz linear probe.

Results
The ONSD values of children with DKA changed during the treatment, reaching the highest values at 12–16 h of therapy, and the greatest ONSD was observed in children who had moderate and severe DKA.

Conclusions
During treatment of children with DKA, it is possible to predict cerebral edema by measuring ONSD, and this may contribute to clinical management, especially fluid treatment.
Effects of miR-107 on the Chemo-drug sensitivity of breast cancer cells
Authors: Luo Yong , Hua Tebo , You Xia , Lou Jinfeng , Yang Xuxiong , Tang Ningwen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
A growing body of evidence indicates that aberrant expression of miR-107 plays a core role in cancers. This study aims to demonstrate the function of miR-107 and its roles in chemo-drug resistance in breast cancer cells.

Methodology
CCK-8 assays were carried out to test the effect of miR-107 mimics on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. The apoptosis level of each group was detected by flow cytometry. miR-107 level, mRNA levels of Bcl-2/Bax and TRIAP1 were detected by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Protein levels of Bcl-2/Bax, p-Akt/Akt in MCF-7 cells were detected by using Western Blot. Lastly, the dual luciferase reporter gene assay system was used to confirm interaction between miR-107 and its target gene TRIAP1.

Results
CCK-8 assays indicated that miR-107 mimics augmented Taxol-induced cell viability inhibition. Flow cytometry showed that miR-107 mimics augmented Taxol-induced elevation of cell apoptosis. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that miR-107 mimics inhibited the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and induced the mRNA level of Bax. Western Blotting indicated that miR-107 mimics inhibited the expression of proteins Bcl-2 and p-Akt, and induced the expression of Bax, while showing no significant effects on Akt. The relative luciferase activity revealed that oncogene TRIAP1 is a potential target gene of miR-107.

Conclusions
miR-107 plays a role in regulating chemo-drug sensitivity in mammary cancer cell by targeting TRIAP1.
Numerical investigation of upstream cylinder flow and characterization of forming fabrics
Authors: Kettil Gustav , Mark Andreas , Wester Kenneth , Fredlund Mats , Edelvik Fredrik 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this work, the fundamentals of upstream flow over cylinders and forming fabrics are investigated, and measures for characterization of fabrics are proposed. Two-dimensional flow over one cylinder, two cylinders, and one and two rows of cylinders, are analysed numerically. By studying different configurations and various Reynolds numbers, the upstream flow features are characterized. It is concluded that cylinders have a short range of upstream flow impact, shortest for rows of cylinders with small spacings. ForRe∈[10,80]Re\in [10,80], the Reynolds number dependency is weak. It is shown that a downstream row positioned in tandem has negligible impact on the upstream flow, while a displaced second row influences the upstream flow if the spacing in the first row is larger than one diameter. The pressure drop required to drive the flow over the cylinders depends non-linearly on the porosity of the configuration. Flow measures of the upstream flow are proposed, which in addition to the volume flow per area are used to characterize fabric flow properties. The conclusions from the cylinder study also hold for industrial fabrics, and it can be explained how properties of the fabric influence the final paper. The wave-length of flow periodicity is studied in relation to drainage marking. This study demonstrates that simulations can greatly improve pure experimental-based fabric characterization.
Crossover and Repeated Randomization in Event Driven Trials for HIV Prevention: Addressing the Impact of Heterogeneity in Risk in the Trial Design
Authors: Domínguez Islas Clara P. , Brown Elizabeth R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The availability of effective Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV introduces new challenges for testing novel on-demand, user-controlled HIV prevention products, including lower placebo arm incidence and increased between-participant variability in HIV risk. In this paper, we discuss how low HIV incidence may result in longer trials in which the variability in participants' risk may impact the estimate of risk reduction. We introduce a measure of per-exposure efficacy that may be more relevant than the population level reduction in incidence for on demand products and explore alternatives to the parallel arm design that could target better this parameter of interest: the crossover and the re-randomization designs. We propose three different ways in which crossover and re-randomization of intervention assignments could be implemented in event-driven trials. We evaluate the performance of these designs through a simulation study, finding that they allow for better estimation and higher power than the traditional event-driven parallel arm design. We conclude by discussing future work, practical challenges and ethical considerations that need to be addressed to take these designs closer to implementation.
Morphine-Induced Modulation of Endolysosomal Iron Mediates Upregulation of Ferritin Heavy Chain in Cortical Neurons
Authors: Nash Bradley , Tarn Kevin , Irollo Elena , Luchetta Jared , Festa Lindsay , Halcrow Peter , Datta Gaurav , Geiger Jonathan D. , Meucci Olimpia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent and are aggravated by µ-opioid use. We have previously shown that morphine and other µ-opioids may contribute to HAND by inhibiting the homeostatic and neuroprotective chemokine receptor CXCR4 in cortical neurons, and this novel mechanism depends on upregulation of the protein ferritin heavy chain (FHC). Here, we examined the cellular events and potential mechanisms involved in morphine-mediated FHC upregulation using rat cortical neurons of either sex in vitro and in vivo. Morphine dose dependently increased FHC protein levels in primary neurons through µ-opioid receptor (µOR) and Gαi-protein signaling. Cytoplasmic FHC levels were significantly elevated, but nuclear FHC levels and FHC gene expression were unchanged. Morphine-treated rats also displayed increased FHC levels in layer 2/3 neurons of the prefrontal cortex. Importantly, bothin vitroandin vivoFHC upregulation was accompanied by loss of mature dendritic spines, which was also dependent on µOR and Gαi-protein signaling. Moreover, morphine upregulated ferritin light chain (FLC), a component of the ferritin iron storage complex, suggesting that morphine altered neuronal iron metabolism. Indeed, prior to FHC upregulation, morphine increased cytoplasmic labile iron levels as a function of decreased endolysosomal iron. In line with this, chelation of endolysosomal iron (but not extracellular iron) blocked morphine-induced FHC upregulation and dendritic spine reduction, whereas iron overloading mimicked the effect of morphine on FHC and dendritic spines. Overall, these data demonstrate that iron mediates morphine-induced FHC upregulation and consequent dendritic spine deficits and implicate endolysosomal iron efflux to the cytoplasm in these effects.
Anatomic site as prognostic marker of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a cohort study
Authors: Badarna Muhamad , Percik Ruth , Aharon-Hananel Genya , Uri Inbal , Tirosh Amit 
Published: July 2019

Objective
Patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) have variable prognosis, even with comparable tumor grade and stage. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of the intrapancreatic PNET anatomical site.

Design
Cohort study based on the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with non-functioning PNET between 2004 and 2015 were compared by anatomic site for disease-specific mortality and all-cause mortality, using log-rank test and by multivariable cox regression analysis.

Results
Overall, 4171 patients (1839 women (44.1%), median age strata 60–64 years, range 10–14 to ≥85 years) were included in our analysis. Patients with PNETs located at the head vs body/tail of the pancreas had comparable tumor diameter, as well as ethnicity, gender and age distributions, but had higher rates of grade III and IV NET (13.2 vs 6.6% and 4.4 vs 1.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). NETs located at the head vs body/tail of pancreas were more likely to be locally advanced (32.2 vs 19.9%) with no difference in distant metastases (36.4 vs 33.5%, respectively, P < 0.001). Patients with NETs of the head vs. body/tail of the pancreas had higher disease-specific mortality risk in univariate (log-rank test, P < 0.001) and multivariable analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 1.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004). Multivariable analysis for all-cause mortality also showed increased risk for patients with pancreatic head vs. body/tail PNET (HR: 1.23, P = 0.013).

Conclusions
PNET anatomical location is associated with the mortality risk and should be considered as a prognostic factor, and as an additional consideration in directing patients management.