bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating biosecurity information to Australian‐registered veterinarians
Authors: McDonald IJ , McKinnon M 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveUpdating veterinarians (vets) on the latest biosecurity resources, information and alerts is important to ensure protection of domesticated and native animals. This preliminary questionnaire aimed to better understand the communication preferences of Australian‐registered vets for biosecurity information, and their trust of these sources.MethodsAn online questionnaire asking vets about their current communication preferences for biosecurity information, and their level of trust of these was created and distributed to Australian‐registered vets.ResultsSurvey respondents (158) use and highly trust communication from (in order) vet and animal health organisations, vet surgeons' boards, the scientific literature, and government agencies.ConclusionsThis preliminary study identifies that using vet surgeon's boards, government agencies and vet and animal health organisations may be an effective means for communicating biosecurity information to vets. Future research should consider which sources vets trust and why, to facilitate effective communication to them and the clients they serve.
The impact of depression and culture on responses to intrusive autobiographical memories: Cognitive appraisals, cognitive avoidance, and brooding rumination
Authors: Mihailova Stella , Jobson Laura 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThose with depression ascribe more negative appraisals to intrusive autobiographical memories and use maladaptive strategies to regulate intrusive memory distress. However, it is unknown whether these patterns extend to East Asian samples. This study investigated the influence of culture and depression on intrusive remembering.DesignThe study used a 2 (group: European Australian, East Asian) × 2 (depression: depressed, control) cross‐sectional design, with an online intrusive memory diary.MethodsEuropean Australian (n = 46) and East Asian (n = 45) participants living in Australia, with and without depression, reported two intrusive memories in real‐time and completed self‐report measures indexing their appraisals of the memories, and their use of cognitive avoidance and brooding rumination in response to the memories.ResultsEast Asian participants reported significantly greater negative, control, and responsibility appraisals than European Australian participants. Regardless of cultural group, depressed participants endorsed greater maladaptive memory appraisals and brooding compared to controls. Additionally, among East Asian participants, those with depression cognitively avoided memories significantly more than controls. When comparing the two depressed groups, East Asians reported significantly greater brooding and avoidance in response to intrusive memories than Australians.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that depression may be associated with some similar maladaptive responses to intrusive autobiographical memories across cultural groups. Clinical interventions targeting unhelpful responses may, therefore, be beneficial for those with depression, regardless of cultural background.Practitioner points

Across both European Australian and East Asian cultures, depressed participants endorsed higher maladaptive intrusive memory appraisals and brooded more in response to memories.

Clinical interventions targeting appraisals and emotion regulation in response to intrusive memories may be beneficial for those with depression across both cultural groups.

Language and acculturation may have impacted findings, as measures were administered in English and in Australia.

Replication using a cross‐country design and larger sample would be beneficial to confirm findings.
Molecular pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Crassini Kyle , Stevenson William S. , Mulligan Stephen P. , Best O. Giles 
Published: July 2019

SummaryChronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is characterised by the clonal expansion of mature, CD5 positive, B lymphocytes in the blood, marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. For the majority of patients, CLL follows an indolent clinical course, while a proportion of patients experience rapid disease progression. Despite the strong correlation between certain genetic defects and prognosis, there remains no single unifying pathogenic lesion in CLL. With recent advances in therapy it is increasingly important to stratify CLL patients according to risk. This has been highlighted by two recent studies, the first showing that immunoglobulin heavy chain mutational status predicts a durable response to frontline chemoimmunotherapy and the second showing that complex karyotype is a stronger predictor of poor response to ibrutinib and venetoclax therapy than TP53 deletion. In this review we discuss the molecular features of CLL and how technological advances can identify patient subsets and stratify them according to risk.
Challenges and opportunities in the assessment of measurable residual disease in multiple myeloma
Authors: Bal Susan , Weaver Allison , Cornell Robert F. , Costa Luciano J. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryTreatment response assessment in multiple myeloma (MM) relies on the detection of paraprotein in serum and/or urine, bone marrow morphology and immunohistochemistry. With remarkable advances in therapy, particularly in the newly diagnosed setting, achievement of complete remission became frequent, creating the need to identify smaller amounts of residual disease and understand their prognostic and therapeutic implications. Measurable residual disease (MRD) can be assessed primarily by flow cytometry and next generation sequencing and state‐of‐the‐art assays have sensitivity approaching 1 in 106 cells. This review discusses the existing challenges in utilizing MRD to inform management of MM and highlights open research questions and opportunities as MRD is more routinely incorporated into clinical practice for patients with MM.
Robot‐assisted implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter, the AMS‐800, via a posterior approach to the bladder neck in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency
Authors: Gondran‐Tellier Bastien , Boissier Romain , Baboudjian Michael , Rouy Mathieu , Gaillet Sarah , Lechevallier Eric , Michel Floriane , Karsenty Gilles 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe a new technique for robot‐assisted AMS‐800 artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) bladder neck implantation in women.Patients and MethodsWe reviewed the medical files of patients who underwent robot‐assisted AUS implantation between March 2017 and November 2018 at our centre. All of the implantations were performed using a posterior approach to the bladder neck in order to avoid blind dissection and the risk of vaginal and/or bladder injury. This strategy was viewed as an alternative to the anterior robot‐assisted implantation recently described. The AUSs were activated 5 weeks after implantation. Patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months, then annually.ResultsEight patients, with a median age of 64 years, underwent robot‐assisted AUS implantation via a posterior approach to the bladder neck. The median preoperative pad weight was 300 g/24 h. The median operating time was 244 min. No peri‐operative vaginal and or bladder injuries were observed. At a median of 12 months of follow‐up, all the AUSs were functional. Five patients required no protection (62.5%), three had day protection (37.5%), and all said they were satisfied except for one patient (12.5%) who requested treatment for persistent urge incontinence.ConclusionRobot‐assisted AUS implantation in women via a posterior approach to the bladder neck is a procedure that is simple, reproducible and safe. The short‐term functional results are satisfactory and comparable to those obtained via an open approach. A more long‐term comparison of the efficacy and longevity of AUSs implanted using this posterior approach is needed to confirm its benefit compared with the anterior robot‐assisted approach and the classic open technique.
Parental Age and Offspring Childhood Mental Health: A Multi‐Cohort, Population‐Based Investigation
Authors: Zondervan‐Zwijnenburg Maria A.J. , Veldkamp Sabine A.M. , Neumann Alexander , Barzeva Stefania A. , Nelemans Stefanie A. , van Beijsterveldt Catharina E.M. , Branje Susan J.T. , Hillegers Manon H.J. , Meeus Wim H.J. , Tiemeier Henning , Hoijtink Herbert J.A. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: July 2019

To examine the contributions of maternal and paternal age on offspring externalizing and internalizing problems, this study analyzed problem behaviors at age 10–12 years from four Dutch population‐based cohorts (N = 32,892) by a multiple informant design. Bayesian evidence synthesis was used to combine results across cohorts with 50% of the data analyzed for discovery and 50% for confirmation. There was evidence of a robust negative linear relation between parental age and externalizing problems as reported by parents. In teacher‐reports, this relation was largely explained by parental socio‐economic status. Parental age had limited to no association with internalizing problems. Thus, in this large population‐based study, either a beneficial or no effect of advanced parenthood on child problem behavior was observed.
Syngeneic red blood cell–induced extracellular vesicles suppress delayed‐type hypersensitivity to self‐antigens in mice
Authors: Nazimek Katarzyna , Bustos‐Morán Eugenio , Blas‐Rus Noelia , Nowak Bernadeta , Ptak Włodzimierz , Askenase Philip W. , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Bryniarski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAt present, the role of autologous cells as antigen carriers inducing immune tolerance is appreciated. Accordingly, intravenous administration of haptenated syngeneic mouse red blood cells (sMRBC) leads to hapten‐specific suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in mice, mediated by light chain‐coated extracellular vesicles (EVs). Subsequent studies suggested that mice intravenously administered with sMRBC alone may also generate regulatory EVs, revealing the possible self‐tolerogenic potential of autologous erythrocytes.ObjectivesThe current study investigated the immune effects induced by mere intravenous administration of a high dose of sMRBC in mice.MethodsThe self‐tolerogenic potential of EVs was determined in a newly developed mouse model of delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) to sMRBC. The effects of EV's action on DTH effector cells were evaluated cytometrically. The suppressive activity of EVs, after coating with anti‐hapten antibody light chains, was assessed in hapten‐induced CHS in wild‐type or miRNA‐150−/− mice.ResultsIntravenous administration of sMRBC led to the generation of CD9 + CD81+ EVs that suppressed sMRBC‐induced DTH in a miRNA‐150‐dependent manner. Furthermore, the treatment of DTH effector cells with sMRBC‐induced EVs decreased the activation of T cells but enhanced their apoptosis. Finally, EVs coated with antibody light chains inhibited hapten‐induced CHS.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe current study describes a newly discovered mechanism of self‐tolerance induced by the intravenous delivery of a high dose of sMRBC that is mediated by EVs in a miRNA‐150‐dependent manner. This mechanism implies the concept of naturally occurring immune tolerance, presumably activated by overloading of the organism with altered self‐antigens.
Estimating non‐native plant richness with a species‐accumulation model along roads
Authors: Liao Huixuan , Wang Huijie , Dong Qiaohong , Cheng Feihong , Zhou Ting , Peng Shaolin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMonitoring non‐native plant richness is important for biodiversity conservation and scientific research. The species‐area model (SA model) has been used frequently to estimate the total species richness within a region. However, the conventional SA model may not provide robust estimations of non‐native plant richness because the ecological processes associated with the accumulation of exotic and native plants may differ. Because roads strongly dictate the distributions of exotic plants, we propose a species‐accumulation model along roads (SR model), rather than an SA model, to estimate the non‐native plant richness within a region. Using 270 simulated data sets, we compared the differences in performance between the SR and SA models. A decision tree based on prediction accuracy was created to guide model application, which was validated using field data from 3 national nature reserves in 3 different provinces in China. The SR model significantly outperformed the SA model when non‐native species were restricted to the roadsides and the proportion of uncommon exotic species was small. More importantly, the SR model accurately estimated the non‐native plant richness in all field sites with an error of <1 species per site. We believe our new model meets the practical need to efficiently and robustly estimate non‐native plant richness, which may facilitate effective biodiversity conservations and promote research on non‐native plant invasion and vegetation dynamics.
How Polysemy Affects Concreteness Ratings: The Case of Metaphor
Authors: Reijnierse W. Gudrun , Burgers Christian , Bolognesi Marianna , Krennmayr Tina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConcreteness ratings are frequently used in a variety of disciplines to operationalize differences between concrete and abstract words and concepts. However, most ratings studies present items in isolation, thereby overlooking the potential polysemy of words. Consequently, ratings for polysemous words may be conflated, causing a threat to the validity of concreteness‐ratings studies. This is particularly relevant to metaphorical words, which typically describe something abstract in terms of something more concrete. To investigate whether perceived concreteness ratings differ for metaphorical versus non‐metaphorical word meanings, we obtained concreteness ratings for 96 English nouns from 230 participants. Results show that nouns are perceived as less concrete when a metaphorical (versus non‐metaphorical) meaning is triggered. We thus recommend taking metaphoricity into account in future concreteness‐ratings studies to further improve the quality and reliability of such studies, as well as the consistency of the empirical studies that rely on these ratings.
Randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of everolimus and low‐exposure tacrolimus on graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Taber David J. , Chokkalingam Avudaiappan , Su Zemin , Self Sally , Miller Dylan , Srinivas Titte 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis was a single‐center, randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of a 3‐month (10‐16 weeks) conversion to everolimus with low‐exposure tacrolimus, as compared to remaining on full exposure tacrolimus with mycophenolate (NCT 02096107). Adult kidney transplant recipients with a functioning graft were eligible for participation. Goal troughs in the intervention arm were 2‐5 ng/mL for tacrolimus and 3‐8 ng/mL for everolimus, with tacrolimus maintained at 5‐12 ng/mL in the control arm; 60 were randomized (30 in each arm) and were well matched at baseline; mean age was 51 years and 57% were African‐American. At 12‐months, fibrosis scores (27.8% tacrolimus/mycophenolate vs 22.9% tacrolimus/everolimus, P = .391), acute rejection rates (7% tacrolimus/mycophenolate vs 3% tacrolimus/everolimus, P = .554), and graft function (mean eGFR tacrolimus/mycophenolate 56 ± 15 vs tacrolimus/everolimus 59 ± 14 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .465) were similar between arms. The everolimus arm had significantly lower rates of CMV infection, severe BK infection, and improved BK viral clearance kinetics, as compared to the MPA arm. In this population, including a significant number of African‐Americans, an immunosuppression regimen of everolimus with low‐exposure tacrolimus provided similar efficacy to tacrolimus and mycophenolate, with significantly lower rates of BK and CMV.
Continuous Monitoring Using a Wearable Device Detects Activity‐Induced Heart Rate Changes After Administration of Amphetamine
Authors: Izmailova Elena S. , McLean Ian L. , Hather Greg , Merberg David , Homsy Jason , Cantor Matthew , Volfson Dmitri , Bhatia Gaurav , Perakslis Eric D. , Benko Christopher , Wagner John A. 
Published: July 2019

Wearable digital devices offer potential advantages over traditional methods for the collection of health‐related information, including continuous collection of dense data while study subjects are ambulatory or in remote settings. We assessed the utility of collecting continuous actigraphy and cardiac monitoring by deploying two US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k)‐cleared devices in a phase I clinical trial of a novel compound, which included the use of an amphetamine challenge. The Phillips Actiwatch Spectrum Pro (Actiwatch) was used to assess mobility and sleep. The Preventice BodyGuardian (BodyGuardian) was used for monitoring heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), via single‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, together with physical activity. We measured data collection rates, compared device readouts with conventional measures, and monitored changes in HR measures during the amphetamine challenge. Completeness of data collection was good for the Actiwatch (96%) and lower for the BodyGuardian (80%). A good correlation was observed between device and in‐clinic measures for HR (r = 0.99; P < 0.001), but was poor for RR (r = 0.39; P = 0.004). Manual reviews of selected ECG strips corresponding to HR measures below, within, and above the normal range were consistent with BodyGuardian measurements. The BodyGuardian device detected clear HR responses after amphetamine administration while subjects were physically active, whereas conventional measures collected at predefined timepoints while subjects were resting and supine did not. Wearable digital technology shows promise for monitoring human subjects for physiologic changes and pharmacologic responses, although fit‐for‐purpose evaluation and validation continues to be important prior to the wider deployment of these devices.
Cultural Factors and Study Destinations of International Students
Authors: Wei Hao , Yuan Ran , Zhao Laixun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the role of cultural factors in attracting international students using data of 102 countries and regions from 2000 to 2015. Our results show that the export of cultural products is conducive to the increase in international students. International students choose to study in developing countries with an official language and religious beliefs that are different from their home country, but tend to choose developed countries with a common language. We also analyze the features of inbound and outbound international students specific to China. Our study indicates that “soft power,” such as a unique culture, common values and migration networks, is important for attracting foreign students.
Fixed versus flexible combination of GLP‐1 receptor agonists with basal insulin in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective multicentre comparative effectiveness study
Authors: Morieri Mario Luca , Rigato Mauro , Frison Vera , Simioni Natalino , D'Ambrosio Michele , Tadiotto Federica , Paccagnella Agostino , Lapolla Annunziata , Avogaro Angelo , Fadini Gian Paolo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe combination of basal insulin (BI) and GLP‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) is a rational and effective therapy for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D). We compared the effectiveness of fixed and flexible BI/GLP‐1RA combinations using routinely accumulated clinical data.MethodsThis was a retrospective, multicentre, real‐world study concerning T2D patients initiating a fixed or flexible BI/GLP‐1RA combination (NCT03959865). The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c. Secondary endpoints were changes in body weight, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Confounding was addressed by propensity score matching (PSM) or multivariable adjustment (MVA).ResultsA total of 609 patients were included in the study, 131 in the fixed group and 478 in the flexible group. The two groups differed in terms of diabetes duration, body weight and concomitant medications. After 5.7 months, observed HbA1c reductions were 0.6% and 0.8%, and body weight reductions were 2.8 kg and 1.2 kg in the flexible and fixed groups, respectively. Following PSM, HbA1c declined similarly in the two groups, whereas reduction in body weight was significantly in favour of the flexible combination. Findings were robust in sensitivity analyses, with the exception that, with MVA, a significantly higher reduction in HbA1c was detected in the fixed group. Final doses of BI were higher in the fixed group, whereas those of GLP‐1RA were higher in the flexible group.ConclusionsIn routine specialist care, initiation of the fixed or flexible BI/GLP‐1RA combination allowed similar improvement in glycaemic control, but greater weight loss was observed with the flexible combination. This difference reflected dosages of BI and GLP‐1RAs.
Conservative management of iatrogenic bladder rupture and uroperitoneum in a gelding with urolithiasis
Authors: Gosling L. , Anderson J. , Rendle D. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThis report details a case of iatrogenic bladder rupture in a gelding that was successfully treated with conservative management. Rupture occurred at the time of attempted cystoscopy, whilst the bladder was being insufflated with air for further investigation of stranguria and suspected urolithiasis. The gelding was treated with temporary perineal urethrostomy, peritoneal lavage and drainage of urine from the bladder and made a complete recovery.
End‐of‐life nursing care practice in long‐term care settings for older adults: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Nasu Katsumi , Konno Rie , Fukahori Hiroki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo synthesize qualitative evidence on nurses' end‐of‐life care practices in long‐term care settings for older adults.BackgroundQualitative evidence on how nurses describe their own end‐of‐life care practice has not been reviewed systematically.DesignQualitative systematic review.Data SourcesDatabases MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Mednar, Google Scholar, and Ichushi were searched for published and unpublished studies in English or Japanese.MethodsThe review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to qualitative systematic reviews. Each study was assessed by two independent reviewers for methodological quality. The qualitative findings were pooled to produce categories and synthesized through meta‐aggregation.ResultsTwenty studies met all inclusion criteria. Their 137 findings were grouped into 10 categories and then aggregated into three synthesized findings: playing multidimensional roles to help residents die with dignity, needing resources and support for professional commitment, and feeling mismatch between responsibilities and power, affecting multidisciplinary teamwork.ConclusionNurses play multidimensional roles as the health care professionals most versed in residents' complex needs. Managers and policymakers should empower nurses to resolve the mismatch and help nurses obtain needed resources for end‐of‐life care that ensures residents die with dignity.