bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling
Authors: Shahin Nancy N. , Abdelkader Noha F. , Safar Marwa M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastric injury. Irbesartan (50 mg/Kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats once daily for 14 days; thereafter gastric injury was induced by indomethacin (60 mg/Kg, p.o). Irbesartan reduced gastric ulcer index, gastric acidity, and ameliorated indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal apoptotic and inflammatory aberrations, as demonstrated by hampering caspase-3, prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. This ARB increased mucosal dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) gene expression and decreased elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Histopathological evaluation corroborated biochemical findings. Overall efficacy of irbesartan was comparable to ranitidine, the widely used H2 receptor blocker. In conclusion, irbesartan exerts significant gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced mucosal damage via acid-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms that are probably mediated, at least partly, by down-regulating DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling.
Allele-specific expression in a family quartet with autism reveals mono-to-biallelic switch and novel transcriptional processes of autism susceptibility genes
Authors: Lin Chun-Yen , Chang Kai-Wei , Lin Chia-Yi , Wu Jia-Ying , Coon Hilary , Huang Pei-Hsin , Ho Hong-Nerng , Akbarian Schahram , Gau Susan Shur-Fen , Huang Hsien-Sung 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, and the exact causal mechanism is unknown. Dysregulated allele-specific expression (ASE) has been identified in persons with ASD; however, a comprehensive analysis of ASE has not been conducted in a family quartet with ASD. To fill this gap, we analyzed ASE using genomic DNA from parent and offspring and RNA from offspring’s postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC); one of the two offspring had been diagnosed with ASD. DNA- and RNA-sequencing revealed distinct ASE patterns from the PFC of both offspring. However, only the PFC of the offspring with ASD exhibited a mono-to-biallelic switch for LRP2BP and ZNF407. We also identified a novel site of RNA-editing in KMT2C in addition to new monoallelically-expressed genes and miRNAs. Our results demonstrate the prevalence of ASE in human PFC and ASE abnormalities in the PFC of a person with ASD. Taken together, these findings may provide mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of ASD.
Human tactile detection of within- and inter-finger spatiotemporal phase shifts of low-frequency vibrations
Authors: Kuroki Scinob , Nishida Shin’ya 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWhen we touch an object, the skin copies its surface shape/texture, and this deformation pattern shifts according to the objects movement. This shift pattern directly encodes spatio-temporal “motion” information of the event, and has been detected in other modalities (e.g., inter-aural time differences for audition and first-order motion for vision). Since previous studies suggested that mechanoreceptor-afferent channels with small receptive field and slow temporal characteristics contribute to tactile motion perception, we tried to tap the spatio-temporal processor using low-frequency sine-waves as primitive probes in our previous study. However, we found that asynchrony of sine-wave pair presented on adjacent fingers was difficult to detect. Here, to take advantage of the small receptive field, we investigated within-finger motion and found above threshold performance when observers touched localized sine-wave stimuli with one finger. Though observers could not perceptually discriminate rightward from leftward motion, the adaptation occurred in a direction-sensitive way: the motion/asynchronous detection was impaired by adapting to asynchronous stimuli moving in the same direction. These findings are consistent with a possibility that human can directly encode short-range spatio-temporal patterns of skin deformation by using phase-shifted low-frequency components, in addition to detecting short- and long-range motion using energy shifts of high-frequency components.
Masked Speech Recognition and Reading Ability in School-Age Children: Is There a Relationship?
Authors: Miller Gabrielle , Lewis Barbara , Benchek Penelope , Buss Emily , Calandruccio Lauren 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The relationship between reading (decoding) skills, phonological processing abilities, and masked speech recognition in typically developing children was explored. This experiment was designed to evaluate the relationship between phonological processing and decoding abilities and 2 aspects of masked speech recognition in typically developing children: (a) the ability to benefit from temporal and spectral modulations within a noise masker and (b) the masking exerted by a speech masker.

Method

Forty-two typically developing 3rd- and 4th-grade children with normal hearing, ranging in age from 8;10 to 10;6 years (mean age = 9;2 years,
SD
= 0.5 months), completed sentence recognition testing in 4 different maskers: steady-state noise, temporally modulated noise, spectrally modulated noise, and two-talker speech. Children also underwent assessment of phonological processing abilities and assessments of single-word decoding. As a comparison group, 15 adults with normal hearing also completed speech-in-noise testing.

Results
Speech recognition thresholds varied between approximately 3 and 7 dB across children, depending on the masker condition. Compared to adults, performance in the 2-talker masker was relatively consistent across children. Furthermore, decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio had a more precipitously deleterious effect on children's speech recognition in the 2-talker masker than was observed for adults. For children, individual differences in speech recognition threshold were not predicted by phonological awareness or decoding ability in any masker condition.

Conclusions
No relationship was found between phonological awareness and/or decoding ability and a child's ability to benefit from spectral or temporal modulations. In addition, phonological awareness and/or decoding ability was not related to speech recognition in a 2-talker masker. Last, these data suggest that the between-listeners variability often observed in 2-talker maskers for adults may be smaller for children. The reasons for this child–adult difference need to be further explored.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5913547
Effect of Muscular Strength, Asymmetries and Fatigue on Kicking Performance in Soccer Players
Authors: Maly Tomas , Sugimoto Dai , Izovska Jana , Zahalka Frantisek , Mala Lucia 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of muscular strength, strength asymmetries, and fatigue on the speed and accuracy of an instep kick in soccer players. We measured ball velocity (BV) and kicking accuracy (KA) in the preferred (PL) and non-preferred leg (NPL) before (PRE) and after (POST) physical load in the PL. Maximum peak muscle torque of the knee extensors and flexors in the PL and NPL as well as ipsilateral knee flexors and knee extensors ratio (H:Q ratio) for both legs were assessed. BV was significantly decreased in POST physical load (5.82%, BVPRE=30.79±1.70 m·s−1, BVPOST=29.00±1.70 m·s−1, t19=3.67, p=0.00, d=1.05). Instep kick accuracy after the physical load worsened by an average of 10% in the most accurate trials. Results revealed a significant decrease in instep kick accuracy after physical loading (KAPRE=2.74±0.70 m, KAPOST=3.85±1.24 m, t19=–3.31, p=0.00, d=1.10). We found an insignificant correlation between H:Q ratio and KA in PRE test value, whereas a lower ipsilateral ratio (higher degree of strength asymmetry) in the POST physical load significantly correlated with KA in all angular velocities (r=–0.63 up to –0.67, p=0.00).
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Antipsychotic Drugs for Tic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Chunsong , Hao Zilong , Zhang Ling-Li , Zhu Cai-Rong , Zhu Ping , Guo Qin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic drugs for tic disorders (TDs) in a network meta-analysis.
Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and 4 Chinese databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs for TDs were included.
Results Sixty RCTs were included. In terms of tic symptom score, compared with placebo, haloperidol, risperidone, aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, and ziprasidone can significantly improve tic symptom score (standardized mean differences [SMD] ranged from −12.32 to −3.20). Quetiapine was superior to haloperidol, pimozide, risperidone, tiapride, aripiprazole, and penfluridol for improving tic symptom score (SMD ranged from −28.24 to −7.59). Compared with tiapride, aripiprazole could significantly improve tic symptom score (SMD=−4.27). Compared with all other drugs, penfluridol was not effective. Atypical antipsychotics were generally well tolerated.
Conclusions Atypical antipsychotics (risperidone and aripiprazole) appear to be the most robust evidence-based options for the treatment of TDs. Quetiapine may be a promising therapy. Ziprasidone and olanzapine are also effective, but the evidence is lacking. Further high-quality directly comparing different pharmacological treatment studies are justified.
LHCGR Gene Analysis in Girls with Non-Classic Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Jeong Hwal , Lee Hae , Hwang Jin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a useful parameter in diagnosing precocious puberty. The pubertal response of serum LH to a GnRH stimulation test is varied, and clinical symptoms of precocious puberty are sometimes disproportionate with serum LH concentrations. Many patients present in a state of precocious puberty that advances rapidly, but the post-GnRH peak LH remains prepubertal. LH receptor mutations are suspected of involvement in the non-classic type of central precocious puberty (CPP).
Objective To examine the association between LHCGR polymorphism and non-classic CPP in subjects exhibiting a peak LH<5 IU/L on a GnRH stimulation test. Methods: In total, 102 girls with non-classic CPP and 100 normal adult women were enrolled. All subjects underwent LHCGR gene analysis by the Sanger method, and patients and controls were compared. Auxological data and gonadotropin concentrations were analyzed in the 102 patients. Of these patients, 75 completed GnRH agonist treatment, and the treatment outcomes were analyzed.
Results A total of seven variants were identified, including two missense mutations (g.48698754 G/A and g.48688613 G/A) that were found in the patient group (no patients contained both mutations). In silico analysis of these missense mutations suggested the possibility of damaging the LHCGR. However, no significant association was found between the identified LHCGR variants and non-classic CPP. GnRH agonist treatment decreased bone age advancement and increased predicted adult height.
Conclusions LHCGR gene polymorphisms do not appear to be a major causative factor for the relatively low concentration of LH in patients with non-classic CPP. GnRH agonist treatment improved clinical parameters in these patients.
One-stage wound healing of fingertip injuries induced by treatment of artificial dermis
Authors: Lou Xianghong , Zhu Haijun , Xue Hang , Weng Yuxiong , Chen Jianghai 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Backround Fingertip injuries are common in both adults and children. Many operative and non-operative management techniques have been
reported to restore the function and cosmetic shape of fingertips after injuries. Although these methods may be used for different
indications in clinical settings, few of them can treat all kinds of fingertip injuries. In addition, there is controversy as to whether the
surgical approach or the conservative approach is the optimal management for fingertip injuries.
Methods Thirty-six fingers of 33 patients with fingertip injuries were included in the study. All wounds were treated with surgical
debridement and artificial dermis coverage without further surgical treatment. Follow-up duration was 24.5 months on average.
Results All injuries were categorised into four types – Allen’s classification of fingertip injury type II, type III, type IV, and
transverse amputations proximal to the lunula and close to the level of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint – and 28 of them had bone
exposure. The defects of all fingers were restored in one stage within an average of 8 weeks. Although the length and width of the new
fingertips were less than those of the contralateral fingertips, almost all patients were satisfied with the functional and cosmetic
outcomes of their regenerated fingers.
Conclusions One-stage wound healing of fingertip injuries induced by artificial dermis treatment is an easy and effective approach to
restoring defects after injury with excellent functional and cosmetic results. Nearly all kinds of fingertip injuries can be managed with
this method without any further surgical treatment. Therefore, this is a good alternative for the management of fingertip injuries.
Activists, care work, and the ‘cry of the ghetto’ in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Kimari Wangui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCommunity activists living and organizing in Nairobi’s harshest geographies are tasked not only with intervening for ‘justice’ but also with (re)establishing care and emotion in landscapes devastated by both colonial and neoliberal divestments and violence. When they act to demand and bridge actions to ensure, for example, water, sanitation and an end to extrajudicial killings, they take on multiple material and affective roles in these neighborhoods. This article argues that as they seek to comfort families, protest the county administration and report violations, amongst other daily interventions, they target not just the reinstatement of basic rights, but also the reinsertion of care and emotion in environments where a normalized (and militarized) precarity has denied the legitimacy of these sentiments. The goal here is not only to ask ‘whatever happened to empathy?’, but, above all, to attend to how it is actively discouraged in particular situations and sites, and how activists are then tasked with incorporating intentional emotional and care labors in their everyday material and discursive practices in order to restore empathy in and for their neighborhoods. This article is informed by over a decade of fieldwork in Mathare ‘slum,’ as well as interviews and participant observation with activists from a cross section of poor urban settlements in the city of Nairobi.
Myeloid ERK5 deficiency suppresses tumor growth by blocking protumor macrophage polarization via STAT3 inhibition
Authors: Giurisato Emanuele , Xu Qiuping , Lonardi Silvia , Telfer Brian , Russo Ilaria , Pearson Adam , Finegan Katherine G. , Wang Wenbin , Wang Jinhua , Gray Nathanael S. , Vermi William , Xia Zhengui , Tournier Cathy 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Macrophages can be functionally reprogrammed by the tumor microenvironment to further tumor growth and malignancy. In this study, we have discovered that this pathological process is dependent on the ERK5 MAPK. Accordingly, we demonstrated that inactivation of ERK5 in macrophages blocked the phosphorylation of STAT3, a transcription factor crucial for determining macrophage polarity, and impaired the growth of melanoma and carcinoma grafts. These results raise the possibility that targeting protumor macrophages via anti-ERK5 therapy constitutes a very attractive strategy for cancer treatment. This is important given that the detection of large numbers of macrophages in human tumors often correlates with poor prognosis, but also with a poor response of the tumor to anticancer agents.
Foxp1 controls mature B cell survival and the development of follicular and B-1 B cells
Authors: Patzelt Thomas , Keppler Selina J. , Gorka Oliver , Thoene Silvia , Wartewig Tim , Reth Michael , Förster Irmgard , Lang Roland , Buchner Maike , Ruland Jürgen 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceMany patients with B cell lymphoma carry alterations in the gene coding for the transcription factor Foxp1. High Foxp1 expression has been linked to poor prognosis in those malignancies; however, the physiological functions of Foxp1 in mature B cells remain unknown. By employing genetic mouse models, we show that Foxp1 deletion results in reduced B cell numbers and impaired antibody production upon T cell-independent immunization. Foxp1-deficient mature B cells are impaired in survival and exhibit an increased proliferation capacity, and transcriptional analysis identified defective expression of the prosurvival Bcl-xl gene. Our results provide insight into the regulation of mature B cell survival by Foxp1 and have implications for understanding the role of Foxp1 in the development of B cell malignancies.
Modulation of intestinal sulfur assimilation metabolism regulates iron homeostasis
Authors: Hudson Benjamin H. , Hale Andrew T. , Irving Ryan P. , Li Shenglan , York John D. 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Regulation of iron homeostasis is perturbed in numerous pathologic states. Thus, identifications of mechanisms responsible for iron metabolism have broad implications for disease modification. Here, we link the sulfur assimilation pathway to iron-deficiency anemia. Deletion of bisphosphate 3′-nucleotidase (Bpnt1), a key component of the sulfur assimilation pathway, leads to accumulation of phosphoadenosine phosphate (PAP), causing iron deficiency anemia in part due to inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 2-α. Reduction of PAP through introduction of a hypomorphic mutation in 3′-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphosulfate synthase 2 gene (Papss2, the enzyme responsible for PAP production) rescues the iron deficiency phenotype.
Matching material and cellular timescales maximizes cell spreading on viscoelastic substrates
Authors: Gong Ze , Szczesny Spencer E. , Caliari Steven R. , Charrier Elisabeth E. , Chaudhuri Ovijit , Cao Xuan , Lin Yuan , Mauck Robert L. , Janmey Paul A. , Burdick Jason A. , Shenoy Vivek B. 
Published: March 2018

Significance
It is well known that cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration depend strongly on the mechanical stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Natural ECMs also exhibit dissipative (i.e., plastic, viscoelastic) properties, which can modulate cellular behavior. However, to fully utilize this information in bioengineering applications, a systematic understanding of the role of substrate viscosity on cell function is needed. Using combined theoretical and experimental approaches, we demonstrated that viscous dissipation can be as important as elasticity in determining cell response. Specifically, we found that intermediate viscosity maximizes cell spreading on soft substrates, while cell spreading is independent of viscosity on stiff substrates. This information can now be used to design dissipative biomaterials for optimal control of cell behavior.
Conformational transitions of the sodium-dependent sugar transporter, vSGLT
Authors: Paz Aviv , Claxton Derek P. , Kumar Jay Prakash , Kazmier Kelli , Bisignano Paola , Sharma Shruti , Nolte Shannon A. , Liwag Terrin M. , Nayak Vinod , Wright Ernest M. , Grabe Michael , Mchaourab Hassane S. , Abramson Jeff 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Transporters isomerize between conformations to shuttle cargo across membranes, but the mechanism is not understood. Double electron–electron resonance measurements on the sodium-dependent sugar transporter (vSGLT) were used to explore the conformational state of the transporter under specific ligand conditions. Although sugar transport by vSGLT is driven by sodium gradients, vSGLT adopts an inward-open conformation irrespective of the presence of sodium. In the presence of sodium and galactose, the transporter transitions to an occluded conformation. We propose that the cell’s negative membrane potential aids in driving vSGLT toward the outward-facing state to bind sugar and begin the transport cycle. These findings could be applicable to other transporters whereby the inherent cellular membrane potential is integrated into the transport cycle.
dCas9-targeted locus-specific protein isolation method identifies histone gene regulators
Authors: Tsui Chiahao , Inouye Carla , Levy Michaella , Lu Andrew , Florens Laurence , Washburn Michael P. , Tjian Robert 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceIdentifying proteins selectively associated with a genomic locus provides an important entry point toward understanding how a specific gene is regulated. Over the years, there have been several reports describing targeted chromatin-purification methods. However, none has been widely adopted due to the complexity and investment required for such protocols. Here, we present an adaptable chromatin purification system, CLASP, that capitalizes on the versatility of purified dCas9 RNA/protein complexes. We deployed CLASP to purify and identify proteins associated with telomere sequences in human cells as a proof of concept. Next, we targeted a different genomic locus, theDrosophila melanogasterhistone cluster, and identified several regulators of the essential histone locus and validated their functional association with genes within the locus.
Brief history of US debt limits before 1939
Authors: Hall George J. , Sargent Thomas J. 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Since 1939, the US Congress has imposed a limit on aggregate federal debt and left the Treasury free to design its securities and manage its portfolio of debts. Congress has increased the aggregate debt limit whenever it threatened to bind. Before 1939, Congress arranged things differently. Congress designed each security and put limits on the amount that could be issued. We construct an implied limit on aggregate debt before 1939 by summing bond-by-bond limits at each date. Before 1939, this implied aggregate limit often declined and led to Congressional actions that produced net-of-interest surpluses that enabled it to reduce federal debt, outcomes rarely observed after 1939.
Acceleration of tropical cyclogenesis by self-aggregation feedbacks
Authors: Muller Caroline J. , Romps David M. 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Although the prediction of tropical cyclone tracks has improved in recent years, understanding the mechanisms responsible for the genesis and intensification of tropical cyclones remains a major scientific challenge. In this work we show that self-aggregation, a phenomenon discovered recently in idealized simulations of the tropical atmosphere, plays a leading-order role in the genesis of tropical cyclones in cloud-resolving simulations. This suggests that self-aggregation, and the framework developed for its study, could help shed more light into the physical processes leading to cyclogenesis and cyclone intensification. This work adds to the growing literature on the importance of this phenomenon for the tropical atmosphere.