bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External Validation of the fullPIERS Risk Prediction Model in a U.S. Cohort of Individuals with Preeclampsia
Authors: Long Danielle , Flicker Kari , Vishnia Maya , Wright Madeleine , Francis Matilda , King Kenyone S. , Gilgannon Lauren , Rastegar Aref , Gupta Neha , Kousalya Siva Rohini , Nehme Lea , Kawakita Tetsuya 
Published: October 2024

Objective This study aimed to externally validate the Preeclampsia Integrated Estimate of Risk (fullPIERS) risk prediction model in a cohort of pregnant individuals with preeclampsia in the United States.
Study Design This was a retrospective study of individuals with preeclampsia who delivered at 22 weeks or greater from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020. The primary outcome was a composite of maternal mortality or other serious complications of preeclampsia occurring within 48 hours of admission. We calculated the probability of the composite outcome using the fullPIERS prediction model based on data available within 12 hours of admission, including gestational age, chest pain or dyspnea, serum creatinine levels, platelet count, aspartate transaminase levels, and oxygen saturation. We assessed the model performance using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The optimal cutoff point was determined using Liu's method. A calibration plot was used to evaluate the model's goodness-of-fit.
Results Among 1,510 individuals with preeclampsia, 82 (5.4%) experienced the composite outcome within 48 hours. The fullPIERS model achieved an AUC of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–0.86). The predicted probability for individuals with the composite outcome (median: 18.8%; interquartile range: 2.9–59.1) was significantly higher than those without the outcome (median: 0.9%; interquartile range: 0.4–2.7). The optimal cutoff point of 5.5% yielded a sensitivity of 70.7% (95% CI: 59.6–80.3), a specificity of 85% (95% CI: 82.7–86.5), a positive likelihood ratio of 4.6 (95% CI: 3.8–5.5), and an odds ratio of 13.3 (95% CI: 8.1–21.8). The calibration plot indicated that the model underestimated risk when the predicted probability was below 1% and overestimated risk when the predicted probability exceeded 5%.
Conclusion The fullPIERS model demonstrated good discrimination in this U.S. cohort of individuals with preeclampsia, suggesting it may be a useful tool for health care providers to identify individuals at risk for severe complications.
Key Points
2-Benzimidazolamine-Acetamide Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents: Synthesis, ADMET, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Simulation Studies
Authors: Mazumdar Nasreen Akhtar , Inam Afreen , Akhtar Ayesha , Ali Asghar , Azeem Kashish , Abid Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA series of 2-benzimidazolamine-acetamide derivatives were synthesized by substitution reaction of different anilines with chloroacetyl chloride followed by the reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole with the formed substituted chloroacetamides. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were elucidated with various spectral techniques and all compounds were evaluated against five bacterial strains. Out of ten, the N-(2-fluorophenyl)-substituted acetamide displayed better minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Disk diffusion assay and combination studies were also performed on the same acetamide compound. Molecular docking of this acetamide compound with E. coli methionine aminopeptidase (METAP) displayed effective binding, and molecular dynamics simulation further suggested a stable complex formation. Thus, all these results indicate that these scaffolds can serve as a model for developing antibacterial agents.
An Individualised Homoeopathic Approach to Chronic Atopic Dermatitis: A Case Report
Authors: Mukherjee Suranjana , Sahoo Sanjib 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAtopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting about one-fifth of all individuals during their lifetime. It has substantial impact on the quality of life of the affected individual. Not only patient is affected by the social stigma of a visible skin condition but also the characteristic itch-scratch cycle often leads to skin trauma and significant sleep disruption. Though there is multitude of treatment options in modern medicine, the recurrence, and adverse effects of medications cannot be ruled out. Therefore, an alternative approach is required. The case presented here reported with the complaint of severe generalised itching eruptions for the last 8 years with a history of atopy. After thorough evaluation from the clinical and homoeopathic standpoint, a single homoeopathic medicine Arsenicum iodatum was prescribed in different potencies at different timepoints as the symptomatology corresponds. Following the administration of individualised homoeopathic (IH) medicine, there was gradual improvement in the case with disappearance of skin lesions which was also evaluated through reduction in SCORing Atopic Dermatitis and Dermatology Life Quality Index scores. During the treatment, old symptoms also reappeared indicating improvement in accordance with Hering's law of cure and Kent's 11th observation. The modified Naranjo criteria score after the treatment course was 10 which exclusively shows positive causal attribution of the IH in this case.
Rheumatoid Arthritis and Pregnancy: Managing Disease Activity and Fertility Concerns
Authors: Marcy Daniele , Zell JoAnn , Demoruelle M. Kristen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that more commonly affects women, including many women during the childbearing years. This can make management challenging for practitioners involved in the care of these patients. This review article will discuss the available data and expert recommendations pertaining to women with RA who are pregnant or planning pregnancy. Herein, we will consider pregnancy complications associated with RA, the benefits of maintaining low disease activity prior to conception and throughout pregnancy, flare management during pregnancy, ensuring pregnancy-compatible medications to treat RA, and the reduced rates of fertility in patients with RA. While research in this area has greatly expanded over the past decade, it continues to be an area where more research is needed to best support women with RA as they navigate pregnancy.
Ultraviolet spectral broadening by stimulated rotational Raman scattering on nitrogen pumped with signal laser injection
Authors: Wang Xiangbing , Chai Xiangxu , Li Ping , Zhang Bo , Zhu Qihua , Tian Xiaocheng , Wang Ju , Zong Zhaoyu , Zhou Song , Yao Ke , Li Sen , Zhao Junpu , Peng Zhitao 
Published: October 2024

We present experimental results on kilojoule ultraviolet laser output with 1% spectral broadening. Through stimulated rotational Raman scattering (SRRS) with signal laser injection, we achieve effective spectral broadening in short-range propagation, with good retention of the original near-field distribution and time waveform. Theoretical calculations show that 2% bandwidth spectral broadening can be achieved by injecting 20 kW/cm2 signal light at 2.2 GW/cm2 flux of the pump laser. In addition, high-frequency modulation in the near field can be effectively avoided through replacement of the original random noise signal light by the controllable signal light. The SRRS in the atmospheric environment excited with signal laser injection can provide wide-band light output with controllable beam quality without long-distance propagation, representing an important potential route to realization of broadband laser drivers.
A targeted study to determine the conservation status of a Data Deficient montane lizard, the Eungella shadeskink (Saproscincus eungellensis)
Authors: Scott Nicholas A. , Mulder Jordan , Pili Arman N. , Oliver Paul M. , Hines Harry B. , Farquhar Jules E. , Chapple David G. 
Published: October 2024

Context Combatting biodiversity loss is often hamstrung by a lack of species-specific knowledge. Species considered Data Deficient (DD) on the IUCN Red List are poorly understood and often neglected in conservation investment, despite evidence they are often threatened. Reptiles have the highest percentage of DD species for any terrestrial vertebrate group. Aims We aimed to assess the conservation status of the DD Eungella shadeskink (Saproscincus eungellensis), which is endemic to Eungella National Park, Queensland, Australia. Methods A combination of a targeted field survey, ecological studies, and species distribution modelling were used. Key results Saproscincus eungellensis typically occurred within 25 m of streams, at elevations between 700 and 1000 m. The species is thigmothermic, with a low active body temperature (~23–26°C) and was predominantly observed on rocks and fallen palm fronds. The species has a highly restricted distribution with an estimated Area of Occupancy of 36 km2 and Extent of Occurrence of 81.7 km2, comprising one location (defined by the threat of climate change) with an estimated 16,352–52,892 mature individuals. The main threats are fire, invasive alien species and climate change, with the species forecast to lose all suitable habitat by 2080 under all climate change scenarios. Conclusions The species meets listing criteria for Critically Endangered under Criterion B of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Implications Our results support recent studies indicating that some DD species are highly threatened. Our approach provides a template for conducting targeted studies to determine the conservation status of DD species, especially those with restricted ranges.
Phraseological sophistication as a multidimensional construct
Authors: Paquot Magali , Naets Hubert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Since Paquot (2019), several unresolved issues have persisted regarding
the operationalization of phraseological sophistication in L2 complexity research. One of the most crucial concerns relates to the
extent to which the commonly used measures of phraseological sophistication (MI scores) fully represent the intended construct. In
this study, we draw upon insights from L2 phraseological research to reexamine the conceptualization and operationalization of
phraseological sophistication. We conduct new analyses on the learner corpus used in Paquot
(2019), using alternative operationalizations of phraseological sophistication that represent different dimensions of
sophistication (based on the register specificity of word combinations and their frequency). Results show that measures
representing the dimensions of association (MI scores) and register specificity (ratios of academic collocations) correlate with
each other. Frequency-based measures, however, pattern very differently, which we attribute to some issues in the way we
operationalized frequency of co-occurrence.
Temperature-dependent properties of wurtzite and rock salt Al1−xScxN for applications in BAW resonators
Authors: Mihalic S , Wade E , Ott P , Ambacher O 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aluminum scandium nitride (Al

1
−
x

Sc
x
N) is known for its tremendous enhancement of piezoelectric properties. This material can improve the energy efficiency of a wide range of applications, for example bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators. Such devices heat up during operation and are thus sensitive to temperature-dependent material properties. As a result, device characteristics change with temperature, causing undesirable shifts in achievable frequency and performance. These shifts are well known for AlN-based resonators, where the frequency shifts are compensated without increasing the bandwidth of the frequency filter. For the ternary alloy Al

1
−
x

Sc
x
N, many temperature-dependent structural, mechanical and piezoelectric properties have not or have been insufficiently investigated. This review provides an overview of relevant temperature dependent properties of hexagonal wurtzite (x

<

0.5) and cubic rock salt Al

1
−
x

Sc
x
N (x

>

0.5) crystals up to 2000 K. The properties studied are the thermal expansion coefficient α, the elastic tensor C

i
j

, the piezoelectric coefficient d
33, the piezoelectric stress coefficient e
33 and the permittivity ɛ
33. Based on these material properties, the derived characteristics for BAW resonators are determined from 0 to 1400 K, which are the resonance frequency f

R
and the electromechanical coupling coefficient k

t

2

.
A novel cascading partial ambiguity resolution method of BDS triple-frequency with inertial aiding for kinematic-to-kinematic relative positioning
Authors: Fu Xiyu , Zhao Kedong , Sun Yongrong , Xu Shuchen , Li Yao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The integer ambiguity resolution (AR) of the carrier phase is crucial for high-precision positioning. To solve the problem that the three carrier ambiguity resolution method will not be reliable when the observation quality cannot meet the requirement under the kinematic-to-kinematic condition, a novel cascading partial AR method of BeiDou navigation satellite system triple-frequency with inertial aiding for kinematic-to-kinematic relative positioning is proposed. At first, inertial data is utilized to improve the reliability and robustness of the extra wide lane AR in dynamic environments. Meanwhile, to improve the fixed success rate, the wide lane ambiguity is obtained by a linear combination of dual extra wide lane with inertial aiding indirectly. For the most challenging narrow-lane ambiguity, a Geometry-based enhanced mode is individually developed for the model constraint, in which a partial AR method for narrow lane with float solution filtered is designed to improve the fixed success rate under the GB model. Finally, the simulation and practical experiment were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the fixed success rate of ambiguity under the kinematic-to-kinematic conditions, which can reach about 99.54% and achieve cm-level relative positioning in dynamic environments.
A Monte Carlo study on a 3-dimensional comb polymer translocation through a nanopore driven by an electric field
Authors: Bruh Tesfa B , Tatek Yergou B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A lattice Monte Carlo simulation study of the translocation of comb polymers through a nanopore subjected to an electric field is presented. The translocation dynamics was extensively studied in terms of the applied electric field strength, the pore size, and the comb polymer topology. The variations of the most probable translocation time

τ

p

and the mean translocation time

⟨
τ
⟩

as a function of the applied electric field strength show distinct features, the latter exhibiting a nonmonotonic dependence on the electric field. We were able to show the existence of a critical field strength δε

c
defined by the narrowest distribution of the translocation time, which is closely related to the size of the nanopore. In addition, we have found that the critical field strength also defines a transition point between two regimes of translocation: a smooth translocation for a field strength below δε

c
and a chaotic translocation for a field strength above δε

c
. Moreover, for the smallest pore size (

r

p

=
1

), monomers can only cross the nanopore in a single file, while for larger pores different modes of polymer translocation are identified. Finally, the dependence of the mean translocation time on the backbone length is governed by a power law relationship

⟨
τ
⟩

∼

N

B

α

, where the scaling exponent α is found to be in the range of 1.3–1.7 for the set of side chain lengths and nanopore sizes investigated. As for the side chain length

N

S

, the mean translocation time is found to follow a linear dependence

⟨
τ
⟩

∼

N

S

.
Enhancing mycotoxins detection through quantum dots-based optical biosensors
Authors: Dadmehr Mehdi , Shalileh Farzaneh , Hosseini Morteza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Quantum dot-based optical biosensors represent a significant advancement for detection of mycotoxins that are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and pose serious health risk effects. This review highlights the importance of detection of filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Claviceps, and Alternaria in mycotoxin production, leading to contamination of agricultural products and subsequent health issues. Conventional detection methods such as thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are discussed with their respective advantages and limitations. Then the innovative use of quantum dots (QDs) in fabrication of biosensors is discussed in the present review, emphasizing their unique optical properties, such as size-tunable fluorescence and high photostability. These properties enable the development of highly sensitive and specific biosensors for mycotoxin detection. The application of QD-based biosensors, based on their applied bioreceptors including antibodies, molecularly imprinted polymers and aptamer, is explored through various detection strategies and recent advancements. The review concludes by underscoring the potential of QD-based biosensors in providing portable, cost-effective, and efficient solutions for real-time monitoring of mycotoxin for enhancing food safety and protecting public health.
Deep learning prediction of scenario doses for direct plan robustness evaluations in IMPT for head-and-neck
Authors: Nomer Hazem A A , Knuth Franziska , van Genderingen Joep , Nguyen Dan , Sattler Margriet , Zolnay András , Oelfke Uwe , Jiang Steve , Rossi Linda , Heijmen Ben J M , Breedveld Sebastiaan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. Intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) is susceptible to uncertainties in patient setup and proton range. Robust optimization is employed in IMPT treatment planning to ensure sufficient coverage of the clinical target volume (CTV) in predefined scenarios, albeit at a price of increased planning times. We investigated a deep learning (DL) strategy for dose predictions in individual error scenarios in head and neck cancer IMPT treatment planning, enabling direct evaluation of plan robustness. The model is able to differentiate between scenarios by using embeddings of the scenario index. Approach. To accommodate resolution disparities in planning CT-scans and accommodate the setup error scenarios, we introduced scenario-specific isocentric distance maps as inputs to the DL models. For 392 H&N cancer patients, high-quality 9-scenario ground truth (GT) robust plans were generated with wish-list driven fully automated multi-criteria optimization. The scenario index is converted to one-hot-vector that is used to derive the scenarios embeddings through the training of the DL model, aiding the model to predict a scenario specific dose distribution. Main results. The model achieved within 1%-point of agreement with the GT the predicted

V

95
%

of the voxelwise minimum dose for CTV Low and CTV High for 96% and 75% respectively of the test patients. Considering all robustness scenarios, median differences were 0.035%-point for CTV High

V

95
%

, 0.11%-point for CTV Low

V

95
%

, 0.29 GyE for parotids

D

mean

, 0.7 GyE for submandibular glands

D

mean

and 0.9 GyE for oral cavity

D

mean

. Prediction of full 3D dose distributions for all scenarios took around 14 s. Significance. Predicting individual scenarios for robust proton therapy using DL dose prediction is feasible, enabling direct robustness evaluation of the predicted scenario doses.
Hybrid plug-and-play CT image restoration using nonconvex low-rank group sparsity and deep denoiser priors
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Li Sui , Hu Dianlin , Zhong Yuxiang , Wang Jianjun , Zhang Peng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is an imaging technique that can effectively help patients reduce radiation dose, which has attracted increasing interest from researchers in the field of medical imaging. Nevertheless, LDCT imaging is often affected by a large amount of noise, making it difficult to clearly display subtle abnormalities or lesions. Therefore, this paper proposes a multiple complementary priors CT image reconstruction method by simultaneously considering both the internal prior and external image information of CT images, thereby enhancing the reconstruction quality of CT images. Approach. Specifically, we propose a CT image reconstruction method based on weighted nonconvex low-rank regularized group sparse and deep image priors under hybrid plug-and-play framework by utilizing the weighted nonconvex low rankness and group sparsity of dictionary domain coefficients of each group of similar patches, and a convolutional neural network denoiser. To make the proposed reconstruction problem easier to tackle, we utilize the alternate direction method of multipliers for optimization. Main results. To verify the performance of the proposed method, we conduct detailed simulation experiments on the images of the abdominal, pelvic, and thoracic at projection views of 45, 65, and 85, and at noise levels of

1
×

10

5

and

1
×

10

6

, respectively. A large number of qualitative and quantitative experimental results indicate that the proposed method has achieved better results in texture preservation and noise suppression compared to several existing iterative reconstruction methods. Significance. The proposed method fully considers the internal nonlocal low rankness and sparsity, as well as the external local information of CT images, providing a more effective solution for CT image reconstruction. Consequently, this method enables doctors to diagnose and treat diseases more accurately by reconstructing high-quality CT images.
Microwave-optical spectroscopy of Rydberg excitons in the ultrastrong driving regime
Authors: Brewin Alistair , Gallagher Liam A P , Pritchett Jonathan D , Wong Horatio Q X , Potvliege Robert M , Clark Stewart J , Jones Matthew P A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the ultrastrong driving of Rydberg excitons in Cu2O by a microwave field. The effect of the field is studied using optical absorption spectroscopy, and through the observation of sidebands on the transmitted laser light. A model based on Floquet theory is constructed to study the system beyond the rotating wave approximation. We obtain near quantitative agreement between theory and experiment across a 16-fold range of microwave field strengths spanning from the perturbative to the deep strong driving regime. Compared to Rydberg atoms, the large non-radiative widths of Rydberg excitons leads to new behaviour such as the emergence of an absorption continuum without ionization.