bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis and Assessments of Analgesic and Antidiarrheal Activity of the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Cheilanthes tenuifolia: In Vivo Study
Authors: Rakib Asraful Islam , Chowdhury Raihan , Bhuia Md. Shimul , Hasan Md. Sakib Al , Sheikh Salehin , Ansari Siddique Akber , Ansari Irfan Aamer , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.), commonly known as the Sword Fern or Narrow‐leaved Cloak Fern, is a little evergreen fern that belongs to the Pteridaceae family and is abundant in various bioactive compounds exerting promising medicinal properties. The current study is designed to evaluate in vivo analgesic and antidiarrheal activity of the methanol leaf extract of C. tenuifolia (MCT).MethodsFor this purpose, Swiss albino mice were used to investigate the analgesic and antidiarrheal properties using acetic acid‐induced writhing and castor oil‐induced diarrhea methods, respectively. The mice were administered orally with different doses of MCT (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg). The vehicle performed as a negative control (NC), while diclofenac sodium (DCN) (25 mg/kg), loperamide (LOP) (3 mg/kg), bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) (10 mg/kg), and nifedipine (NDP) (2.5 mg/kg) were supplied as positive controls (PC) (p.o.). In both models, combination treatment of MCT (higher dose) and PC was also administered to different groups of animals for assessing potential antagonistic or synergistic activity.ResultsFindings of the in vivo study demonstrated that MCT dose‐dependently significantly (p < 0.05) exhibited analgesic and antidiarrheal properties by reduction in the number of writhing and reductions in the total fecal output in contrast to the NC group. Moreover, in combination treatment, MCT significantly (p < 0.05) synergized the activity of PC in both models, exerting potential analgesic and antidiarrheal activity.ConclusionIn conclusion, MCT has analgesic and antidiarrheal activity; it might be beneficial for the management of pain and diarrhea.
MetOrigin 2.0: Advancing the discovery of microbial metabolites and their origins
Authors: Yu Gang , Xu Cuifang , Wang Xiaoyan , Ju Feng , Fu Junfen , Ni Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFirst introduced in 2021, MetOrigin has quickly established itself as a powerful web server to distinguish microbial metabolites and identify the bacteria responsible for specific metabolic processes. Building on the growing understanding of the interplay between the microbiome and metabolome, and in response to user feedback, MetOrigin has undergone a significant upgrade to version 2.0. This enhanced version incorporates three new modules: (1) Quick search module that facilitates the rapid identification of bacteria associated with a particular metabolite; (2) Orthology analysis module that links metabolic enzyme genes with their corresponding bacteria; (3) Mediation analysis module that investigates potential causal relationships among bacteria, metabolites, and phenotypes, highlighting the mediating role of metabolites. Additionally, the backend MetOrigin database has been updated with the latest data from seven public databases (KEGG, HMDB, BIGG, ChEBI, FoodDB, Drugbank, and T3DB), with expanded coverage of 210,732 metabolites, each linked to its source organism. MetOrigin 2.0 is freely accessible at http://metorigin.met-bioinformatics.cn.
Postoperative Complications of Intramedullary Nailing for Impending and Pathologic Fractures of the Humerus Due to Bone Metastases—A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Griggers James I. , Alcantar Sergio , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Lozano‐Calderon Santiago A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntramedullary nailing (IMN) is a common option for managing impending or pathologic fractures of the humerus secondary to metastatic disease. We sought to assess the (1) early complications, (2) failure rates and mechanisms, and (3) functional outcomes. A systematic review using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were followed. The study was registered on PROSERO (CRD42023406905). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist was used for quality assessment. Studies describing postoperative outcomes of patients with impending or pathologic fractures of the humerus treated with IMN were included. Implant failure was classified into mechanical and nonmechanical causes. Functional outcomes were assessed via the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. Overall, 41 studies comprising 1431 patients were included. Early complications occurred in 5.5% of patients, with 2.8% of patients having systemic complications. The overall implant failure rate was 4.9%, and the mean MSTS score at the last follow‐up was 79.9%. IMN was associated with good postoperative functional outcomes and low implant failure rates. Systemic complications were the most common type of early complication, and tumor progression was the main cause of implant failure.Level of evidenceIII.
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage Increases Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2‐Mediated Otologic Dysfunction
Authors: de Cos Víctor , Naugle Kendyl , Baker Omer , Kocharian Elida , Moshtaghi Omid , Dixon Peter R. , Matsuoka Akihiro , Harris Jeffrey P. 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesWe aim to use the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) to investigate the correlations between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage (NSD), SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination rates, infection severity, and subsequent audiovestibular symptoms.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, surveys were administered to participants ≥18 years of age who received a SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and/or tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection between January 2020 and September 2022. ADI scores were calculated for each patient to quantify NSD. Statistical analyses were performed to compare demographic and clinical characteristics between ADI quintiles.ResultsOf 2415 participants, the majority were female (62.8%) and White (87%), with a mean age of 60.8 years. Individuals in ADI Quintile 5 were less likely to receive second booster doses than those in Quintile 1 (58% vs. 71%, p < 0.0001). Among those infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, those in ADI Quintile 5 were 2.5 times more likely to be hospitalized (relative risk = 2.46, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 5.88]) than those in Quintile 1. Symptoms more likely to be experienced by participants in ADI Quintile 5 than those in Quintile 1 immediately following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection included headaches (28% vs. 21%, p = 0.02), aural fullness (14% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001), change of hearing (8% vs. 4%, p = 0.01), dizziness (15% vs. 8%, p < 0.01), and otalgia (8% vs. 4%, p < 0.01).ConclusionsIndividuals experiencing greater NSD were found to have lower SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine booster rates, higher rates of postinfection hospitalization, and increased rates of certain otologic and neurotologic symptoms following infection.Level of EvidenceIII Laryngoscope, 2024
Are Neutrality Targets Alone Sufficient for Protecting Nature? Learning From Land Cover Change and Land Degradation Neutrality Targets in Mauritius
Authors: Koenig Xavier G. H. , Deenapanray Prakash N. K. , Weber Jean‐Louis , Rakotondraompiana Solofo , Ramihangihajason Tony Arison 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLand degradation contributes to loss of land productivity, climate change, and biodiversity loss worldwide, making the monitoring of land cover change a fundamental component of sustainable land use planning. To facilitate this task, international research organizations publish increasingly high‐quality global land cover data, yet those are still proving too imprecise at the scale of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) such as Mauritius. Though rapidly developing, Mauritius does not have a locally produced land cover map which is consistently updated and made available to the public in the scope of participatory planning processes. This study sought to bridge this gap by revising a 2010 land cover map of Mauritius island and producing a new map for 2020, which can serve as a basis for future updates through a consistent methodology that combines photointerpretation and semi‐automated classification from various datasets. These maps enabled the observation of key changes in the island's landscape, which are consistent with socio‐economic events, namely the decline of agricultural coverage (12.7%) due to the phasing out of preferential trade agreements for sugar, and the expansion of real estate (14.3% increase in built area) following new investment promotion policies. Considering the small size and high population density of the island, as is the case for SIDS, these developments and the Land Degradation Neutrality Targets of Mauritius bring the feasibility of area‐based land degradation neutrality into question and call for the analysis of land and ecosystem conditions through additional indicators.
Adoption and use of author identifier services: A French national survey
Authors: Boudry Christophe , Bouchard Aline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper studies awareness and use of author identifier services (AIDs) in the French academic community and explores needs and forms of support required for these tools, using a national questionnaire survey. ArXivID, IdHAL, ORCID, ResearcherID and Scopus Author ID were investigated. A total of 6125 people completed the questionnaire in full. The results of this survey show that discipline and age play an important role in French researchers' familiarity with AIDs. IdHAL and ORCID were by far the two best known AIDs, probably because they have been promoted by institutions in France for several years. French researchers use AIDs mainly to respond to external requests (e.g., to submit an article or a research project), while, surprisingly, few use them to ‘facilitate their work’. When French researchers were asked about their needs and the form of support required for AIDs, more than 30% of them said they either required an introduction to or practical training in these tools. The results of this national survey should help stakeholders to adapt their policies and to guide and support researchers more efficiently in the use of these tools.
ORGANIZATIONS BUILDING TRUST, COHESION, FRATERNITY, AND FRIENDSHIP OUTSIDE THE FAMILY AND WITHIN THE COMMUNITY
Authors: Moriarty Denis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe author is managing director of Our Community, an Australian social enterprise. He provides context on what it’s like being a leader in that country. He describes Our Community as “basically a support organization for not‐for‐profit organizations (NFPs) and a software vendor to government.” In relating its origins, he writes that “I wanted to break new ground in this country with a new thing that would reward its employees, that I could make some money from, and that would do good in the world.” He also explains that “without support from investors who are poised precisely between commerce and philanthropy, leadership would simply be beside the point. From the beginning, Our Community was for‐profit, but not for‐profit only. A lot of our offerings were free, subsidized by our profit centers.” He also points to the pivotal role of ethics for him, and that he was “awarded a Vincent Fairfax Ethics in Leadership scholarship 30 years ago and it was a seminal moment in my career.” A separate sidebar explains, “What We Believe,” “What We Do,” and “How We Work.” For instance, in the latter: “We believe in a work environment that allows for an authentic life balance.”
In Patients With Painful Hip Osteoarthritis, Is It More Beneficial to Offer Them an Ultrasound‐Guided or a Fluoroscopic‐Guided Intra‐Articular Corticosteroid Injection to Relieve Their Symptoms? A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Brookes Peter Alan , Stynes Siobhan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeHip osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling musculoskeletal condition. Clinical guidelines recommend intra‐articular corticosteroid injections (IACSI) as a pharmacological adjunct to help manage pain. IACSI are typically image‐guided either by ultrasound guidance (USG) or fluoroscopic guidance (FG) with no clear evidence towards the more efficacious guidance technique. This study aims to systematically review the scientific literature to determine the clinical effectiveness of USG compared with FG‐IACSIs for people with pain‐related hip OA.MethodsA systematic review of major bibliographic databases from inception to 24 August 2023 was conducted. Randomised controlled trials of USG‐ and FG‐IACSIs for patients with hip OA were included. The primary outcome measure was pain. Hedges' g calculated effect size and meta‐analysis using the random‐effects model‐estimated pooled effect sizes. τ2, I2 and Cochran's Q calculated heterogeneity. Network meta‐analysis was completed to indirectly compare effect sizes. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool (RoB2).ResultsA total of 1464 citations were identified; eight studies were included in the review. No studies directly compared imaging modalities. Two network meta‐analyses indirectly comparing USG‐ to FG‐IACSI via an image‐guided comparator hip injection ([any comparator], [local anaesthetic or saline]) established effect sizes (g) of 2.61 and 2.46, respectively, both in favour of FG‐IACSI. Heterogeneity was low in the USG studies and high in the FG studies.Conclusion(s)Evidence suggests that both USG and FG‐IACSI are effective at reducing pain at 1 month in patients with painful hip OA. Although network meta‐analyses favoured FG‐IACSI, further high‐quality trials are needed to determine the preferred guidance technique.
Depth‐wise multiparametric assessment of articular cartilage layers with single‐sided NMR
Authors: Golini Carlo , Barbieri Marco , Nagmutdinova Anastasiia , Bortolotti Villiam , Testa Claudia , Brizi Leonardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage (AC) is a specialized connective tissue that covers the ends of long bones and facilitates the load‐bearing of joints. It consists of chondrocytes distributed throughout an extracellular matrix and organized into three zones: superficial, middle, and deep. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques can be used to characterize this layered structure. In this study, devoted to a better understanding of the NMR response of this complex tissue, 20 specimens excised from femoral and tibial cartilage of bovine samples were analyzed by the low‐field single‐sided NMR‐MOUSE‐PM10. A multiparametric depth‐wise analysis was performed to characterize the laminar structure of AC and investigate the origin of the NMR dependence on depth. The depth dependence of the single parameters T1, T2, and D has been described in literature, but their simultaneous measurement has not been fully exploited yet, as well as the extent of their variability. A novel parameter, α, evaluated by applying a double‐quantum‐like sequence, has been measured. The significant decrease in T1, T2, and D from the middle to the deep zone is consistent with depth‐dependent composition and structure changes of the complex matrix of fibers confining and interacting with water. The α parameter appears to be a robust marker of the layered structure with a well‐reproducible monotonic trend across the zones. The discrimination of cartilage zones was reinforced by a multivariate principal component analysis statistical analysis. The large number of samples allowed for the identification of the smallest number of parameters or their combination able to classify samples. The first two components clustered the data according to the different zones, highlighting the sensitivity of the NMR parameters to the structural and compositional variations of AC. Using two parameters, the best result was obtained by considering T1 and α. Single‐sided NMR devices, portable and low‐cost, provide information on NMR parameters related to tissue composition and structure.
Pediatric liver transplant for acute liver failure: Defining the standard nutrition and clinical evolution: An observational study
Authors: Zamberlan Patrícia , Bonfim Maria A. C. , Tannuri Uenis , de Carvalho Werther B. , Delgado Artur F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a clinical diagnosis in which previously asymptomatic children exhibit a rapid loss of liver function.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical and nutrition conditions at admission and during hospitalization in patients with PALF who underwent liver transplantation (LT) at a referral center and establish a possible association between nutrition status and prognosis in this population.MethodsA prospective study was conducted on children underwent LT because of PALF. Nutrition assessment was performed at admission and repeated weekly until hospital discharge, and their relationships with clinical outcomes were tested.ResultsThe study population consisted of 23 patients with a median age of 60 months and, in most cases, the etiology of acute liver failure (ALF) was indeterminate (69.6%). The majority of the patients were well nourished according to the z score body mass index‐for‐age (82.6%) and z arm circumference‐for‐age (zAC/A) (82.6%). A decline in nutrition status was observed in 47.6% of the patients, as indicated by a decrease in zAC. Clinical and nutrition improvement was demonstrated by the progressive increase in zAC, serum albumin levels, and phase angle (PA) values and by the reduction in C‐reactive protein levels. There was no statistically significant relationship between nutrition status and clinical outcomes.ConclusionMost children and adolescents with ALF presented adequate nutrition status at the time of LT, and some patients worsened their nutrition status during hospitalization, suggesting that post‐LT is a period of high nutrition risk, and early nutrition therapy (NT) must be a priority in these patients.
The association between benzodiazepine prescriptions and the risk of laxative use in schizophrenia treatment
Authors: Ochi Shinichiro , Tsuboi Takashi , Hasegawa Naomi , Hori Hikaru , Ichihashi Kayo , Imamura Yayoi , Okada Tsuyoshi , Kodaka Fumitoshi , Saito Yoshitaka , Iga Jun‐ichi , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Atake Kiyokazu , Ueno Shu‐ichi , Hashimoto Ryota , Yasui‐Furukori Norio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimConstipation is one of the most common adverse effects in schizophrenia treatment, and it can sometimes cause severe gastrointestinal disease. However, the results of association studies between constipation and psychotropic medications in patients with schizophrenia are inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of psychotropic and laxative prescriptions at discharge in patients with schizophrenia to clarify the association between psychotropics and constipation.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 139 patients with schizophrenia with or without laxative prescriptions at discharge from eight institutions in 2020.ResultsSixty‐two patients were prescribed laxatives at discharge. The prescription of benzodiazepines in the laxative use group (66.1%) was significantly higher than that in the non‐laxative use group (39.0%) (p = 1.4 × 10−3), and the mean number of benzodiazepines in the laxative use group (1.2 ± 1.1/day) was significantly higher than that in the non‐laxative use group (0.7 ± 0.9/day) (p = 2.6 × 10−3). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that benzodiazepine prescriptions were significantly associated with laxative usage (odds ratio, 3.059; 95% confidence interval, 1.523–6.144; p = 2.0 × 10−3).ConclusionBenzodiazepines may be associated with constipation in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, clinicians should be cautious when prescribing benzodiazepines for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Distinct Chemical Determinants are Essential for Achieving Ligands for Superior Optical Detection of Specific Amyloid‐β Deposits in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wu Xiongyu , Shirani Hamid , Vidal Ruben , Ghetti Bernardino , Ingelsson Martin , Klingstedt Therése , Nilsson K. Peter R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAggregated forms of different proteins are common hallmarks for several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and ligands that selectively detect specific protein aggregates are vital. Herein, we investigate the molecular requirements of thiophene‐vinyl‐benzothiazole based ligands to detect a specific type of Aβ deposits found in individuals with dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease caused by the Arctic APP E693G mutation. The staining of these Aβ deposits was alternated when switching the terminal heterocyclic moiety attached to the thiophene‐vinyl‐benzothiazole scaffold. The most prevalent staining was observed for ligands having a terminal 3‐methyl‐1H‐indazole moiety or a terminal 1,2‐dimethoxybenzene moiety, verifying that specific molecular interactions between these ligands and the aggregates were necessary. The synthesis of additional thiophene‐vinyl‐benzothiazole ligands aided in pinpointing additional crucial chemical determinants, such as positioning of nitrogen atoms and methyl substituents, for achieving optimal staining of Aβ aggregates. When combining the optimized thiophene‐vinyl‐benzothiazole based ligands with a conventional ligand, CN‐PiB, distinct staining patterns were observed for sporadic Alzheimer's disease versus dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease caused by the Arctic APP E693G mutation. Our findings provide chemical insights for developing novel ligands that allow for a more precise assignment of Aβ deposits, and might also aid in creating novel agents for clinical imaging of distinct Aβ aggregates in AD.
Recycling of biodegradable biobased polymer/agave fiber biocomposites
Authors: Pérez‐Fonseca Aida Alejandra , Reynoso‐Llamas Carina , Robledo‐Ortíz Jorge Ramón , Rodrigue Denis , Martín del Campo Alan Salvador 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiodegradable biobased polymers are a promising solution to reduce the dependence on conventional plastics and minimize their environmental impact. This work evaluated the recycling capacity of a biodegradable polymer (MaterBi) and its composite with agave fibers. The materials were reprocessed by several cycles using compression molding. Service life simulation was performed using accelerated weathering. Samples from each reprocessing cycle were characterized in terms of melt flow index (MFI), color, porosity, water absorption, compostability, and mechanical and thermal properties. The MFI of MaterBi increased with each cycle, going from 3.5 to 95 g/10 min for the first to sixth cycles and from 2 to 117 g/10 min for the first and fourth cycles for the biocomposite. Reprocessing produced chain scission and modified the thermal and mechanical properties. MaterBi exhibited competitive mechanical properties compared to conventional polymers, even after four reprocessing cycles (tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of 27, 55 MPa, and 30 J/m). Besides potential cost reductions, the agave fiber addition positively affected the tensile and flexural modulus, which remained after the fourth cycle in 1100 and 2300 MPa. The results confirmed that MaterBi and its biocomposites can be recycled for several cycles, extending their useful life before final biodegradation.Highlights
MaterBi (MB) and its agave fiber biocomposites are suitable for reprocessing.
MB tensile and flexural properties remained stable after four reprocessing cycles.
Agave fibers make MB more prone to weathering, impacting its properties.
MB and its biocomposites degrade in water and compost conditions.