bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery, characterization, and synthetic potential of two novel bacterial aryl-alcohol oxidases
Authors: Cinca-Fernando Paula , Ascaso-Alegre Christian , Sevilla Emma , Martínez-Júlvez Marta , Mangas-Sánchez Juan , Ferreira Patricia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The search for novel synthetic tools to prepare industrial chemicals in a safer and greener manner is a continuing challenge in synthetic chemistry. In this manuscript, we report the discovery, characterization, and synthetic potential of two novel aryl-alcohol oxidases from bacteria which are able to oxidize a variety of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols with efficiencies up to 4970 min−1 mM−1. Both enzymes have shown a reasonable thermostability (thermal melting temperature values of 50.9 and 48.6 °C for ShAAO and SdAAO, respectively). Crystal structures revealed an unusual wide-open entrance to the active-site pockets compared to that previously described for traditional fungal aryl-alcohol oxidases, which could be associated with differences observed in substrate scope, catalytic efficiency, and other functional properties. Preparative-scale reactions and the ability to operate at high substrate loadings also demonstrate the potential of these enzymes in synthetic chemistry with total turnover numbers > 38000. Moreover, their availability as soluble and active recombinant proteins enabled their use as cell-free extracts which further highlights their potential for the large-scale production of carbonyl compounds.

Key points
• Identification and characterization of two novel bacterial aryl-alcohol oxidases
• Crystal structures reveal wide-open active-site pockets, impacting substrate scope
• Total turnover numbers and cell-free extracts demonstrate the synthetic potential

Graphical Abstract
Added value of body MRI to detect primary abdominal malignancies in the diagnostic work-up of patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary
Authors: Willemse Jeroen R. J. , Lahaye Max J. , Goedegebuure Elisabeth P. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Marchetti Serena , Vollebergh Marieke , van Golen Larissa W. , Vogel Wouter V. , Rostami Sajjad , Bodalal Zuhir , Beets-Tan Regina G. H. , Lambregts Doenja M. J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the added benefit of body MRI (covering the chest, abdomen, and pelvis) to detect the primary tumour in patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary (ACUP) and a suspected abdominal malignancy in whom previous diagnostic work-up with CT and/or FDG-PET/CT did not yield a primary tumour diagnosis.

Methods
Thirty ACUP patients with a suspected primary tumour in the abdomen/pelvis (based on pathology and/or pattern of disease) underwent MRI (T2-weighted, DWI, pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted) after completion of their initial diagnostic work-up with CT and/or PET/CT. Effects of MRI to establish a primary tumour diagnosis (and to detect additional metastatic sites) were documented. Integration of all available imaging data, additional diagnostic procedures (e.g., endoscopy), histopathology, and whole genome sequencing served as the composite standard of reference.

Results
MRI rendered a possible primary tumour diagnosis in 16/30 (53%) cases, which aligned with the final clinical diagnosis in 9/16 (56%) of these cases, thus resulting in a confirmed primary tumour diagnosis in 30% of our total patient cohort. These included four gastrointestinal, two hepatobiliary, one pancreatic, one ovarian and one breast cancer. MRI revealed extra metastatic sites in five patients (17%).

Conclusion
MRI can be of added value in the diagnostic work-up of ACUP patients with a suspected primary tumour originating from the abdomen or pelvis, in particular to detect gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary malignancies. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and identify specific ACUP patients that are most likely to benefit from MRI.

Key Points
QuestionCan body MRI help identify the primary tumour in patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary (ACUP)?
FindingsIn this pilot of n = 30 ACUP patients with clinically suspected abdominal malignancies, body MRI was able to establish the primary tumour in 30% of cases.
Clinical relevanceBody MRI can be of added value (as an adjunct to CT and/or PET/CT) in the diagnostic work-up of ACUP patients with a suspected primary tumour originating from the abdomen or pelvis, especially to detect gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary malignancies.
Prognostic implications and diagnostic significance of TFE3 rearrangement in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Muñoz Bastidas Carmina , Tapia Mario Tapia , López Andrés Calva , Cobo Vanessa Talavera , Vives Juan Colombas , Wong Eduardo Miraval , Castané Cristina Gutiérrez , Marckert Francisco Javier Ancizu , Roca Marcos Torres , Huerta Luis Labairu , Alonso Fernando Diez-Caballero , García José Enrique Robles , Aubá Felipe Villacampa , Padilla Daniel González , López Bernardino Miñana , Zalabardo Daniel Sánchez 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the impact of TFE3 rearrangement, analyzing clinicopathological features that influence renal cell carcinoma (RCC) recurrence, and clarify the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in diagnosis.

Methods
We screened patients diagnosed of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on all TFE3 positive IHC tumors. Clinicopathological and survival features were collected for analysis.

Results
Out of 695 patients treated for renal tumors, 478 (68.7%) were ccRCC and 22 were suspected of TFE3 rearrangement based on IHC. Subsequent testing revealed 8 (1.15%) were positive in the FISH test (TFE3-rearranged-RCC) and 14 (2.01%) tested negative. No significant differences were noted in general characteristics among the three groups, except for age, TFE3-rearranged-RCC were younger than ccRCC (median age, 49 vs. 58 years, p = 0.02). TFE3-rearranged-RCC exhibited a significant higher recurrence rate compared to ccRCC (50% vs 18.8%) and multivariate analysis revealed that TFE3 rearrangement, along with tumor size and metastasis, was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence (HR = 4.6; 95% CI 1.1-21.2; p = 0.05). Survival analysis demonstrated a significant shorter PFS (progression-free survival) for TFE3-rearranged-RCC compared to ccRCC.

Conclusions
TFE3 rearrangement is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence and contributes to a worse PFS, suggesting the necessity of careful follow-up. Diagnosis should be confirmed using FISH due to low specificity of IHC. Further studies are needed to confirm TFE3 IHC staining as a prognostic factor.
Double refractive particle tracking and sizing
Authors: König Jörg , Cierpka Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a novel bifocal imaging method enabling three-dimensional particle tracking and size determination employing a single camera only. The method is based on double refraction causing a particle to be imaged twice, each particle image of different blur. From these double images, a linear calibration function can be derived allowing to determine the three-dimensional particle position unambiguously over the entire depth of measurement volume. As this calibration function is independent of the particle size used, the particle size can be determined simultaneously by relating size of the double images and depth position of the particle. To prove the applicability, a co-laminar flow of two particle suspensions with particles of 1.14 $$\upmu$$
μ
m and 2.47 $$\upmu$$
μ
m in diameter was measured in a Y-shaped microchannel. While the laminar flow field was measured with very low uncertainty and independent of the particle size, the particle size distributions determined reproduced reliably the size distributions expected for the co-laminar flow applied, with a precision of about 98.6 $$\%$$
%
regarding the particle size discrimination. The progress for research is a new method readily to implement in common optical setups, promising, for example, valuable insights in polydisperse suspension flows—the vast majority of flows in fundamental research and applications.
Graphical abstract
Family planning after transplantation: sex- and organ-related differences in the perception of medical counseling and social challenges
Authors: Schirm Nina , Böhm Lea , Zimmermann Tanja , Meyer Nadia , von Versen-Höynck Frauke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Transplant patients are increasingly of childbearing age. Organ-related health as well as pregnancy-related risks require a standardized approach to family planning counseling. The aim of this study was to explore sex- and organ-related counseling differences and expectations in family planning to improve counseling services and reduce risks after transplantation.

Methods
The study was designed as a cross-sectional, multi-center cohort study. A total of 251 participants aged between 18 and 45 years with a visceral or thoracic transplant completed a questionnaire on their attitude toward family planning and experience with medical consultation.

Results
More female than male participants had a desire to have children. Males believed their transplantation-related medication had an influence on their fertility, while women worried it could harm their child. Contraceptive counseling was negated by 43.6% of the women and 73.4% of the men. Medical advice regarding family planning was highly requested by both sexes. Women felt more influenced in their family planning than men. Female thoracic organ recipients worried about a pregnancy more than visceral organ recipients. Women showed great awareness for pregnancy-related risks with the majority wanting to plan a pregnancy beforehand.

Conclusion
The findings revealed a lack of contraceptive counseling and a lack of family planning advice by physicians.
Causality and scientific explanation of artificial intelligence systems in biomedicine
Authors: Boge Florian , Mosig Axel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith rapid advances of deep neural networks over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) systems are now commonplace in many applications in biomedicine. These systems often achieve high predictive accuracy in clinical studies, and increasingly in clinical practice. Yet, despite their commonly high predictive accuracy, the trustworthiness of AI systems needs to be questioned when it comes to decision-making that affects the well-being of patients or the fairness towards patients or other stakeholders affected by AI-based decisions. To address this, the field of explainable artificial intelligence, or XAI for short, has emerged, seeking to provide means by which AI-based decisions can be explained to experts, users, or other stakeholders. While it is commonly claimed that explanations of artificial intelligence (AI) establish the trustworthiness of AI-based decisions, it remains unclear what traits of explanations cause them to foster trustworthiness. Building on historical cases of scientific explanation in medicine, we here propagate our perspective that, in order to foster trustworthiness, explanations in biomedical AI should meet the criteria of being scientific explanations. To further undermine our approach, we discuss its relation to the concepts of causality and randomized intervention. In our perspective, we combine aspects from the three disciplines of biomedicine, machine learning, and philosophy. From this interdisciplinary angle, we shed light on how the explanation and trustworthiness of artificial intelligence relate to the concepts of causality and robustness. To connect our perspective with AI research practice, we review recent cases of AI-based studies in pathology and, finally, provide guidelines on how to connect AI in biomedicine with scientific explanation.
Adolescents and parents’ knowledge of chronic kidney disease: the potential of school-based education
Authors: Nakamura Junko , Kaseda Ryohei , Takeuchi Mizuki , Kitabayashi Kou , Narita Ichiei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), reducing the incidence of new dialysis patients, and increasing public awareness about CKD are pivotal in mitigating renal impairment. This study aimed to assess the relevance of kidney disease and CKD knowledge among junior high school students and their parents.

Methods
A questionnaire survey on kidney function and CKD was conducted among students aged 14–15 years and their parents (851 pairs). Parents were also asked about their age, sex, and participation in health checkups.

Results
The study achieved a collection rate of 49.1%, with a valid response rate of 79.7%. Both junior high school students and their parents exhibited limited knowledge about kidney functions, primarily understanding these functions only in terms of waste product excretion and lacking awareness of other functions. A significant positive correlation was observed in awareness of kidney functions between students and their parents. Regarding CKD awareness, only 2.4% of students and 16.5% of parents were knowledgeable about CKD itself, while 18.9% of students and 45.3% of parents were aware of its name only. Importantly, CKD knowledge among both students and parents was associated, with those aware of CKD also demonstrating better understanding of kidney functions.

Conclusion
This study highlights inadequate knowledge among junior high school students and their parents regarding renal function and CKD. A significant correlation was observed in CKD awareness between students and their parents. These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to enhance public education and awareness about kidney health.
Global aspirations of Chinese universities: towards a world-centred tianxia (all under heaven) imaginary of global higher education?
Authors: Yang Lili , Shen Yuting , Fan Lijun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article explores the global aspirations of Chinese universities by examining the Chinese scholarly conceptualisation of guoji yingxiangli (literally meaning international influence) and its connection to the world-centred idea of tianxia. We interviewed 22 Chinese experts in education and conducted a documentary analysis of relevant Chinese academic publications. Findings show that there is no English equivalence of the Chinese term guoji yingxiangli of universities, which encompasses two aspects: the intrinsic capacity of universities and their external reputation and relations. Chinese universities’ agential pursuit of guoji yingxiangli embodies their commitment to both national ambitions and global common good. The study then argues that the world-centred tianxia imaginary, characterised by interdependency, reciprocity, and diversity, is more effective in explaining the higher education practices and relations in China and globally than methodological globalism or nationalism. It also highlights the need for further research and critical reflections on the tianxia imaginary while calling for reciprocal collaboration, diverse and mutual development, and the production of global common goods among worldwide universities.
Special Joyce structures and hyperkähler metrics
Authors: Tulli Iván 
Published: October 2024

AbstractJoyce structures were introduced by T. Bridgeland in the context of the space of stability conditions of a three-dimensional Calabi–Yau category and its associated Donaldson–Thomas invariants. In subsequent work, T. Bridgeland and I. Strachan showed that Joyce structures satisfying a certain non-degeneracy condition encode a complex hyperkähler structure on the tangent bundle of the base of the Joyce structure. In this work we give a definition of an analogous structure over an affine special Kähler (ASK) manifold, which we call a special Joyce structure. Furthermore, we show that it encodes a real hyperkähler (HK) structure on the tangent bundle of the ASK manifold, possibly of indefinite signature. Particular examples include the semi-flat HK metric associated to an ASK manifold (also known as the rigid c-map metric) and the HK metrics associated to certain uncoupled variations of BPS structures over the ASK manifold. Finally, we relate the HK metrics coming from special Joyce structures to HK metrics on the total space of algebraic integrable systems.
The role of teacher–child relationships in kindergarten on children’s motivation and reading skills in grade 1
Authors: Hiltunen Vilija , Raiziene Saule , Silinskas Gintautas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe main aim of the current study was to investigate the role of teacher–child relationship quality in kindergarten on children’s motivation (interest in reading and task persistence) and reading skills in Grade 1. A total of 231 children (age at baseline 6.8 years; 50.6% girls) completed reading-related tasks and answered questions about their interest in reading. Eighteen kindergarten teachers completed questionnaires about the teacher–child relationship for each child in kindergarten. School psychologists reported on children’s task persistence during tests. A cross-lagged path model analysis revealed that teacher–child conflict in kindergarten predicted lower task persistence and interest in reading at the beginning of Grade 1. In addition, we found two indirect effects of teacher–child conflict in kindergarten on reading skills at the end of Grade 1 via task persistence and interest in reading at the beginning of Grade 1. The current study emphasizes the importance of teacher–child relationship quality in kindergarten and its longitudinal effects on the development of children’s motivation and reading skills in Grade 1.
Robotic microsurgery for pediatric peripheral nerve surgery
Authors: Schäfer Benedikt , Freund Gerrit , Bahm Jörg , Beier Justus P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe technology of microsurgical robotic systems has shown potential benefit during the last decade for a variety of microsurgical procedures, such as vascular anastomoses, lymphatic anastomoses or nerve coaptation. At the same time, peripheral nerve surgery has produced ever more sophisticated nerve transfers in which the smallest nerve structures are connected to each other. Following obstetric brachial plexus injuries, nerve reconstruction surgery is often required in the first few years of life in order to improve the function of the affected arm, including nerve transfers to denervated muscles, which enable reinnervation of target muscles. In pediatric patients, these donor-nerve structures are even smaller than in adults, which further increases the demands to the microsurgeon. In this publication, we show the possible applications, capabilities and limitations of a dedicated microsurgical robotic system for nerve transfers in pediatric patients.
The art of peer reviewing
Authors: Byard Roger W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeer review of submitted manuscripts refers to the process of sending out papers for evaluation by suitably qualified academics/practitioners working in the same area. After their assessments and recommendations have been addressed by submitting authors editors will decide on whether publication is warranted or not. Unfortunately, ‘peer review’ has achieved a high status in courts without a real understanding of the way that the system works. Given that it has been deemed: ‘a flawed process, full of easily identified defects with little evidence that it works’, greater understanding of the nature of peer review is required. The following paper provides an overview of its strengths and weaknesses.
Synthesis of Stearyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol Hybrids as Water-Repellent Finishes for Cotton/Polyester Blended Fabric
Authors: Fahmy H. M. , Amr A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNowadays, developing and innovation of new finishing agents that are cost effective, efficient, durable, and safe for the consumer as well as the environment are greatly required by the textile manufactures. In that concern, new stearyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol (SA/PEG) hybrids were synthesized, characterized, and applied as textile finishes to impart cotton/polyester fabric with water repellency. Such hybrids were synthesized by reaction of SA with PEG of molecular weight 1000 or 4000 Da in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The optimum conditions of the synthesis reaction are: APS/PEG, 20%; PEG/SA, 15%; reaction temperature, 80 °C and reaction time, 45 min. The synthesized hybrids are self-water dispersible that form oil-in-water stable emulsions. The results indicated that treating cotton/polyester fabric with easy-care finishing formulation containing 60 g/L of dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea as a cross-linker, and 60 g/L of any of such hybrids emulsions imparts the treated fabric with water repellency, softness, and stiffness properties. Moreover, increasing the PEG molecular weight from 1000 to 4000 Da leads to a reduction in extents of softness and contact angle along with an enhancement in stiffness of treated fabric. Furthermore, the prepared hybrids emulsions-treated fabric samples are durable up to five washing cycles. The FTIR analysis confirmed the chemical structure of the synthesized SA/PEG1000 hybrid. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) revealed that the particles size of SA/PEG4000 hybrid emulsion is in the range of 34–70 nm and reaches to 185 nm in case of the SA/PEG4000 hybrid emulsion. The surface of SA/PEG1000 hybrid emulsion-treated fabric was characterized via scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Construction and sample path properties of Brownian house-moving between two curves
Authors: Ishitani Kensuke , Hatakenaka Daisuke , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study aims to construct a stochastic process called “Brownian house-moving,” which is a Brownian bridge conditioned to stay between two curves. To construct this process, statements are prepared on the weak convergence of conditioned Brownian motions, conditioned Brownian bridges, and conditioned three-dimensional Bessel bridges. Moreover, the sample path properties of Brownian house-moving are studied as well.
Hermitian solution to constraint system of generalized Sylvester quaternion matrix equations
Authors: Rehman Abdur , Kyrchei Ivan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe different systems of Sylvester quaternion matrix equations have prolific functions in system and control. This paper considers a Hermitian solution of a system of Sylvester quaternion matrix equations over a quaternion algebra $$\mathbb {H}$$
H
. If some necessary and sufficient conditions are fulfilled, the general solution to these quaternion matrix equations is expressed by explicit representation formulas in terms of generalized inverses. We provide an algorithm and a numerical example based on the original direct method using determinantal representations of the quaternion Moore–Penrose inverse.