bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of topical estrogen therapy on the vaginal microcirculation in women with vulvovaginal atrophy
Authors: Diedrich Chantal M. , Kastelein Arnoud W. , Verri Filippo M. , Weber Maaike A. , Ince Can , Roovers Jan‐Paul W. R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aims to assess vaginal wall angioarchitecture and function in women with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and determine the effect of topical estrogen on the vaginal microcirculation.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective observational study, incident dark field imaging was used to assess the vaginal microcirculation. In patients with VVA, measurements were performed before and after treatment with topical estrogen and compared to measurements performed in women without VVA. Vaginal angioarchitecture was studied by assessing microcirculatory architecture and capillary tortuosity scores at four regions of the vaginal wall. In addition, the capillary density and microvascular flow index (MFI) were obtained.ResultsSeventeen women were included in this study. Of these, eight women were diagnosed with VVA and nine women were considered healthy controls. Significant differences were observed between groups with regard to microcirculatory architecture scores. The architecture of the microvasculature in women with VVA was characterized by the appearance of a vascular network without capillary loops, whereas an array of capillary loops was predominantly seen in women without VVA. After estrogen treatment, no difference in architecture scores between patients and healthy controls was observed. Capillary tortuosity, capillary density, and MFI were similar in both groups before and after estrogen treatment.ConclusionsThe architecture of vaginal microvasculature is altered in patients with VVA. In case of similar vascular architecture, capillary tortuosity and density seem to be comparable. Treatment with topical estrogen results in restoration of the angioarchitecture.
Patterns and predictors of Hunner lesion recurrence in patients with interstitial cystitis
Authors: Han Ji‐Yeon , Shin Jung Hyun , Choo Myung‐Soo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the patterns and predictive factors associated with Hunner lesions (HLs) recurrence in patients with interstitial cystitis (IC).MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of data from patients with IC who underwent transurethral resection and cauterization (TUR‐C) of HLs between October 2011 and December 2017. Symptoms were evaluated using the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale (PUF), O'Leary‐Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Patients attended follow‐up visits every 3 months; cystoscopy was performed immediately in patients with aggravated symptoms. Recurrence was defined as a VAS score greater than or equal to 4 and HLs recurrence on cystoscopy.ResultsA total of 91 patients were enrolled (25 male, 66 female): median follow‐up was 30.6 months. HLs recurrence occurred in 101 sites (53 patients), 21.8% in the previous TUR‐C site, 18.8% de novo, and 59.4% at both previous and de novo sites. The recurrence rate was approximately 12.7%, 40%, and 55.2% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. A higher PUF bother score was the only predictive factor of recurrence (odds ratio: 1.142, 95% confidence interval: 1.016‐1.284, P = 0.026), with a cut‐off value of 7.5 (sensitivity: 67.9%, specificity: 62.5%). In case of late recurrence (>18 months), there was no predictive factor.ConclusionsThe HLs recurrence pattern was unpredictable, involving both previous TUR‐C and de novo areas. More accurately defining the HLs resection margin may lead to better surgical outcomes but this remains to be proven.
Subspace methods for three‐parameter eigenvalue problems
Authors: Hochstenbach Michiel E. , Meerbergen Karl , Mengi Emre , Plestenjak Bor 
Published: April 2019

SummaryWe propose subspace methods for three‐parameter eigenvalue problems. Such problems arise when separation of variables is applied to separable boundary value problems; a particular example is the Helmholtz equation in ellipsoidal and paraboloidal coordinates. While several subspace methods for two‐parameter eigenvalue problems exist, their extensions to a three‐parameter setting seem challenging. An inherent difficulty is that, while for two‐parameter eigenvalue problems, we can exploit a relation to Sylvester equations to obtain a fast Arnoldi‐type method, such a relation does not seem to exist when there are three or more parameters. Instead, we introduce a subspace iteration method with projections onto generalized Krylov subspaces that are constructed from scratch at every iteration using certain Ritz vectors as the initial vectors. Another possibility is a Jacobi–Davidson‐type method for three or more parameters, which we generalize from its two‐parameter counterpart. For both approaches, we introduce a selection criterion for deflation that is based on the angles between left and right eigenvectors. The Jacobi–Davidson approach is devised to locate eigenvalues close to a prescribed target; yet, it often also performs well when eigenvalues are sought based on the proximity of one of the components to a prescribed target. The subspace iteration method is devised specifically for the latter task. The proposed approaches are suitable especially for problems where the computation of several eigenvalues is required with high accuracy. MATLAB implementations of both methods have been made available in the package MultiParEig (see http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/47844-multipareig).
Future orientation buffers depression in daily and specific stress
Authors: Zheng Lei , Lippke Sonia , Chen Yidi , Li Danyang , Gan Yiqun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFuture orientation has been regarded as a protective factor that helps prevent problem behaviors, such as drug and alcohol use, smoking, and unprotected sex. Recently, many studies have focused on the relationship between a person's orientation towards the future and his or her depression symptoms; however, relatively few studies have explored the effect of future orientation on depressive responses to ordinary stress. The present study aimed to test whether future orientation could be a protective factor against depression in ordinary stress contexts. We conducted two studies to test this hypothesis and recruited 369 participants. Study 1 was a cross‐sectional study that involved 217 employees from a food‐processing company and examined the effect of future orientation in a daily stress context. Study 2 tested a hierarchical linear model in which 152 college students from an examination training institution in Beijing completed a five‐wave assessment with 3‐week intervals before taking the national entrance examination for postgraduate studies. The results showed that future orientation moderated the stress–depression relationship in the two samples. The present study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that future orientation helps individuals cope with stress and protects people from depression, suggesting that future orientation plays a protective role in the stress–depression relationship.
Gelating polypeptide matrices based on the difunctional N‐carboxyanhydride diaminopimelic acid cross‐linker
Authors: Murphy Robert D. , Bobbi Elena , de Oliveira Fernando C. S. , Cryan Sally‐Ann , Heise Andreas 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThis work reports the synthesis of a new difunctional N‐carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomer, namely diaminopimelic acid (DAP), and its use in the one‐pot preparation of an organogelating copolypeptide. The organogel is formed in situ through ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of DAP NCA from helical poly(ε‐carbobenzyloxy‐L‐lysine) (PZLL) blocks in a mixture of dimethylformamide/chloroform. Gelation occurs by immobilizing the solvent through core crosslinking and is stabilized through physical intermolecular conformations. After removal of the carbobenzyloxy (cbz or Z) protecting groups, the network remains intact in exceedingly high aqueous concentrations (99.5%). FTIR is used to characterize the secondary structure, revealing the conformational arrangements that contributed to these stabilized gel networks with their relative mechanical properties determined via real‐time rheological assays. DAP core crosslink of the random coil forming polypeptoid poly(sarcosine) (PSar) is also resulting in networks but is devoid of any stabilized physical interactions, thus yielding significantly weaker gels as a result. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019
The impact of goal adjustment and caregiver burden on psychological distress among caregivers of cancer patients
Authors: Majestic Catherine , Eddington Kari M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesResearch has demonstrated that serving in the caregiver role is often associated with increased symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety, but some people fare better than others in managing the burden of caregiving. The goal of the present study was to examine the potential moderating role of goal adjustment (the ability to disengage from unattainable goals and reengage in alterative ones) on the relation between caregiver burden and distress in family caregivers of cancer patients.MethodsCaregivers of adult family members diagnosed with cancer in the past 3 years participated (N = 102). Participants were consented and completed online questionnaires on psychological distress, caregiver burden, and goal adjustment.ResultsThe ability to disengage from unattainable goals was associated with lower anxiety and stress in the face of increasing caregiver burden. By contrast, the ability to reengage in alternative goals was associated with lower depression as burden increased.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that goal adjustment may play an important moderating role in the relationship between caregiver burden and distress. Caregivers who are better able to disengage from unattainable goals may experience less stress and anxiety, and caregivers who are better able to reengage in alternative goals experience less depressed mood. This study provides preliminary evidence that learning different ways to approach and adjust goals may reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in family caregivers.
Microsandwich Test for Equation of State (EOS) Data of Vapor‐Deposited Hexanitroazobenzene (HNAB)
Authors: O'Grady Caitlin , Knepper Robert , Marquez Michael , Tappan Alexander S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExperiments were conducted to support development of an equation of state (EOS) of detonation products for the high explosive, hexanitroazobenzene (HNAB) using a small‐scale version of the sandwich test. The sandwich test is the 2‐dimensional analogue of the well‐known axisymmetric cylinder test. The 2‐dimensional sandwich test allows experiments to be conducted on thin layers of explosive produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD). PVD provides repeatable geometries and microstructures. HNAB films were deposited onto three different thicknesses of tantalum substrates and then assembled into a symmetrical slab configuration by joining two identical small‐scale samples to form the “microsandwich.” Velocity of the tantalum liner expansion during detonation was measured using photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV). The experimental data could support EOS development using a shock‐physics code.
Improved heat shrinkage and mechanical performances of polyethylene trilayer blown film prepared via novel multilayer coextrusion method
Authors: Luo Yue , Chang Xiao‐dan , Qu Jin‐ping 
Published: April 2019

In this work, polyethylene (PE) trilayer blown film was prepared using a self‐made rotating coextrusion blown film die (RCBD) with the aim to manufacture trilayer film with excellent comprehensive heat shrinkage and mechanical performances. Polymer resins in this unique blown film die are subjected to a complicated flow field combining both shear circulation and pressure flow. As a result, the melt shows a helix movement in our novel die. The effect of additional parameter (mandrel rotation speed) on the heat shrinkability and mechanical properties of trilayer film was investigated and compared with that of various blow‐up ratios (BURs). The shrinkage rate and shrinkage force along transverse direction (TD) were significantly improved by the mandrel rotation, rather than BUR. Similar trends were observed in tensile strength along TD. However, no considerable changes in heat shrinkability and mechanical properties of PE films along machine direction (MD) were observed. In summary, samples prepared at mandrel rotation speed of 4 rpm were obtained excellent comprehensive performances. Moreover, the morphological investigations confirmed that the formation of high ordered lamellae could be induced by mandrel rotation, and the row structure of oriented lamellae tended to incline to TD under higher rotation speed of mandrel. Besides, the crystal dimension and percent crystallinity were increased because of the mandrel rotation.
Avoidance of conflicts and trade‐offs: A challenge for the policy integration of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Wong Ryan , van der Heijden Jeroen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda compels nations to face challenges, especially interministerial conflicts, in policy integration. This article seeks to understand whether and how conflict avoidance may hamper the implementation of the SDG agenda. Building on 56 interviews with policymakers and bureaucrats in Finland, Germany, and the Czech Republic, we explore how avoidance behaviours preclude the conflicts that are necessary for achieving integration. The findings suggest that avoided conflicts tend to be long‐standing issues related to environmental protection. We identify four factors that contribute to conflict avoidance: The issues for deliberation are too political, the actors know too little or too much about the issues, the deliberation is too abstract, and the bar for consensus is too high. These factors filter out many impactful conflicts for deliberation, which partly explains why integration regimes have not produced transformational changes.
Ferrocenium Ion Confinement in Polyelectrolyte for Electrochemical Nitric Oxide Sensor
Authors: Mathi Selvam , Gupta Prashant Kumar , Kumar Rudra , Nagarale Rajaram K. , Sharma Ashutosh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractManuscript reports on ferrocenium ion entangled in polyelectrolyte matrix as a redox platform for oxidative and reductive sensing of nitric oxide (NO). It was prepared by oxidation of ferrocene in diethyl ether followed by extraction with polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) and Nafion® solution. The presence of stable ferrocenium cation was confirmed by FT‐IR, UV‐visible spectra, 1HNMR and XRD. It results into a stable cyclic voltammogram in 100 mM Phosphate buffer, pH 7 solution with Ag/AgCl reference and Pt wire counter electrodes. The electrode sensitivity towards NO was confirmed through the increase in oxidative current at +750 mV and reductive current at −800 mV by the addition of 100 μL saturated NO solution. The chronoamperometric response for NO oxidation followed linearity in the concentration range of 200 nM to 3.5 μM. The lower detection limit and sensitivity were found to be 200 nM and be 33.29 μA/μM/cm2 respectively. The reductive response also followed a linear trend in the concentration range of 100 μM to 1.2 mM with 15.15 μA/μM/cm2 sensitivity and 100 μM detection limit. It indicates ferrocenium ion entanglement within polyelectrolyte matrix and its viability as a redox platform for oxidative as well as reductive sensing of nitric oxide.
1D Helical Single‐Crystal to 3D Lonsdaleite Single‐Crystal Transformation of Copper(II)‐Based Coordination Polymer: Acetone Fluorescence Sensing and CO2 Gas Separation
Authors: Sasikala Vadivel , Sundar Jeyaperumal Kalyana , Lakshmi Muppudathi Anna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe temperature‐driven 1D helical single‐crystal (1) to 3D lonsdaleite (2) single‐crystal transformation of copper‐based coordination polymer has been investigated. Powder X‐ray diffraction experiments showed that the phase transitions described for single crystals also occur in the powder samples. The thermal stability of the compounds were studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) and thermal gravimetric (TG) analyses indicates, there is no coordination water molecules were present in the 2 also thermal stability increased. In UV‐Vis absorption spectra, compound 2 has blue shift compared to 1 due to partial decrease in the number of electrons surrounding Cu2+ ion and the geometry around Cu2+ center after loss of H2O. Interestingly both compounds showed the tremendous luminescent enhancement for acetone in the visible region and detection limit of 2 was 4.04x10−9M is much better than its threshold limit recommended by WHO. Porous natures of the compounds were analyzed by theoretical and experimentally. BET sorption analyze indicated both crystal phases selectively adsorb CO2 over N2. Therefore, this compounds, promising material for acetone sensor, selective sorption, separation of CO2 from industrial flue gas or the removal of CO2 from natural gas.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Sulfide‐Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles with Chestnut Morphology and Study on the Semiconducting Properties
Authors: Gupta Kanika , Singh Maninder , Mohan Priyank , Mott Derrick , Maenosono Shinya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHeterostructured nanoparticles composed of copper sulfide and manganese sulfide were synthesized by using a bottom up, wet‐chemical approach. This thermolysis based technique leads to chestnut shapes with a complex structure which is elucidated by using scanning transmission electron microscopy and elemental mapping. The particles semiconducting properties were then studied including electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. The results reveal insight and challenges in the design and implementation of heterostructured chalcogenide type nanoparticles for semiconducting applications.
Sr2Gd8(SiO4)6O2:Ce3+/Mn2+: A Single‐Component White‐Light‐Emitting Phosphor for UV W‐LEDs
Authors: Sun Qi , Liu Wei , Zou Haifeng , Dong Rujia , Zhang Xiangting , An Zhengce , Shi Zhan , Song Yanhua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSr2Gd8(SiO4)6O2:Ce3+/Mn2+, an oxyapatite structure phosphor, was prepared through a high temperature solid state reaction method. The crystal structure, luminescence properties, and energy transfer mechanism of the samples were investigated in detail. Under the irradiation of 330 nm, tunable colors from blue to yellow, including white can be realized through the energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+ ions. The energy transfer mechanism of Ce3+ → Mn2+ was discussed and demonstrated to be a dipole‐dipole interaction according to the results of the emission spectra and decay curves of the phosphors. Moreover, the thermal stability of the Ce3+ and Mn2+ co‐doped Sr2Gd8(SiO4)6O2 phosphors were studied through the temperature‐dependent emission spectra. The results suggest that Sr2Gd8(SiO4)6O2:Ce3+/Mn2+ maybe used as color tunable phosphors in white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) .
A Novel Ferrocene‐Based Calix[4]arene as an Efficient Optical and Electrochemical Sensor for Highly Selective Fluoride Recognition
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Maliji Farzaneh , Golchoubian Hamid , Bekhradnia Ahmadreza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA new tetra ferrocene‐triazole‐amide functionalized calix[4]arene as an effective optical and electrochemical anion sensor was successfully synthesized in high yield. The structure of the resulted compound ( 5,11,17,23‐tetra(ferrocenyl‐1H‐triazolo‐acetamido)‐25,26,27,28‐ tetrabutyloxycalix[4]arene, 6) was characterized with NMR spectra and elemental analysis. The anion binding properties of the compound in the presence of different anions were studied by various techniques (UV‐Vis, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and 1H NMR titration), which showed high selectivity and remarkable sensitivity toward fluoride ion (F−). The association constant (Ka) and the limit of detection (LOD) were determined to be 5.35×10+8 M−2 and 2.98×10−6 M, respectively. The results indicate this compound could act as an efficient sensor for fluoride anion in the presence of other common anions.
A Semiconducting Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Metal Halide [(C6H15ClNO)2CdBr4] with Switchable Dielectric and Large Phase Transition Thermal Hysteresis
Authors: Sui Yan , Zhang Gui‐Xin , Wang Wen‐Qian , Hu Fan , Liu Cui‐Lian , Luo Dan , Liu Dong‐Sheng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA semiconducting organic‐inorganic hybrid compound [(C6H15ClNO)2CdBr4] (1), which displays excellent switchable dielectric, has been successfully synthesized. Systematic characterizations including variable‐temperature structural analyses, DSC, TG, variable‐temperature dielectric measurements, solid‐state UV/Vis diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence were performed. DSC curve shows a couple of reversible heat anomaly peaks at 363/322 K on the heating/cooling process with a very large thermal hysteresis of ∼41 K, indicating the first‐order type of phase transition. Obvious dielectric switching occurs at about 364 K and 314 K also with a large thermal hysteresis of ∼50 K in the heating and cooling process, respectively. The large phase transition thermal hysteresis makes 1 a potential latent heat based thermal energy storage materials which can maintain the system over a wide temperature range. Variable‐temperature structural analyses show that the rotating or orientating movement of anion clusters is the mainly attribution for the phase transition of 1.
A New Type of Capping Agent in Nanoscience: Metal Cations
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Wang Shaoyan , Cai Kai , Li Yefei , Liu Zhipan , Liu Lingmei , Han Yu , Wang Hong , Han Heyou , Chen Hongyu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCapping agents are the essential factor in nanoscience and nanotechnology. However, the types of capping agents are greatly limited. Defying conventional beliefs, here is shown that metal cations can also be considered as capping agents for oxide nanoparticles, particularly in maintaining their colloidal stability and controlling their facets. Here the general stabilizing effects of multivalent cations for oxide nanoparticles, and the facet controlling role of Al3+ ions in the growth and ripening of Cu2O octahedra, are demonstrated. This discovery broadens the view of capping agent and opens doors for nanosynthesis, surface treatment, and beyond.
Recent Advances in Controlled Synthesis of Upconversion Nanoparticles and Semiconductor Heterostructures
Authors: Wang Wanni , Zhao Mengli , Zhang Chenyang , Qian Haisheng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt's of great importance for construction of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)/semiconductor heterostructures activated by near infrared light, which have gained worldwide research interests owing to important applications in photocatalysis, solar cells, nanomedicine, and etc. In this review, we highlight the synthetic strategies developed to fabricate upconversion nanoparticles based heterostructures, such as chemical epitaxial growth method, electrospinning technique, self‐assembly method, hydrothermal method, and etc. Numerous examples are given concerning the use of the strategies to fabricate various microstructures/nanostructures incorporated with UCNPs and semiconductors materials. The latest advances and perspectives in the synthetic strategies and preparation of this kind of composite nanostructures are made.