bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing food waste for environmental sustainability: study in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan M , Kirana D C , Rahmah R , Sabiella I D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Food waste is one of the problems that must be resolved immediately considering the difficulty of this type of waste to be reprocessed. Food waste has negative economic, social and environmental consequences and occurs most often during the consumption stage, especially in households. Thus, to assist Indonesian policies aimed at minimizing food waste, the purpose of this research is to comprehend consumer food waste behavior (FWB). This study explains this phenomenon using awareness, knowledge, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The results of analysis from 205 Indonesian respondents using PLS-SEM found that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had a significant influence on food waste avoidance intention (FWAI) which ultimately could minimize FWB. However, it has been demonstrated that awareness has little impact on consumer understanding, which in turn has no impact on FWAI and FWB. These results can provide an idea for regulators in Indonesia regarding the variables that must be influenced so that consumer behavior can be changed, and food waste can be reduced. The results of this investigation also contribute to realizing Goal No. 12 of the Sustainable Development Agenda, which is responsible for production and consumption.
Visual observation of potassium solubilizing bacteria on modified alexandrov liquid medium from Ultisol applied with biosilica
Authors: Akasah W , Nursa’adah  , Tarigan A N V , Batubara R P , Zidan M S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Potassium deficiency can be tricky in Ultisol, this is because soil tests can show sufficient levels of K availability, but plants can still respond to fertilization. Many factors interfere with K uptake by plants, such as unavailable potassium and shallow roots. Potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) are one of bacteria that can maintain soil health which is necessary for plant growth. Bacteria are generally able to live well influenced by the application of organic fertilizer such as biosilica. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using biosilica to increase the development of plant roots as a residence for KSB. This research used several levels of biosilica treatment doses, including S0: 0 g / polybag; S1: 20 g / polybag; S2: 40 g / polybag; S3: 60 g / polybag; S4: 80 g / polybag; S5: 100 g / polybag. Then isolated KSB using modified Aleksandrov liquid medium from each treatment. The results of the research showed that from visual observation KSB produced organic acids more quickly if isolated from Ultisol which had been given biosilica (S5), the secretion of organic acids started on the second day of incubation and continued to produce organic acids until the seventh day of incubation.
Growth and production of Pakcoy plant (Brassica rapa L.) by giving NPK fertilizers and biosaka
Authors: Meiriani  , Pandiangan A Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Optimizing in using agricultural production materials is important to be paid attention to in order to support food security and global climate change. The progressive application NPK fertilizer application can also increase growth and vegetable yields, supported by the application of biosaka which is a plant extract liquid containing low levels of phytohormones and secondary metabolites. Its function is to stimulate plant growth and increase plant resistance to pests and diseases. This research studied the growth and production of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) by applying NPK fertilizer and biosaka, held in Medan, at ± 25 meters asl, from December 2023 to January 2024, using a Randomized Block Design with two factors and repeated 3 times. The first was the application of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer (150; 200; 250 kg/ha). The second was biosaka solution concentration (0.67; 1.33; 2.00 ml/L). The application of NPK fertilizer had a real impact on plant height, leaves number, fresh shoots weight and harvest weight with the best NPK fertilizer dose of 150 kg/ha, but had no real effect on harvest index. The application of biosaka and interaction or both treatments have not real impact to all parameter’s.
The role liquid biofertilizer dosage and time of fertilization to increase kailan growth and production in supporting organic farming
Authors: Lahay R R , Sapalina F , Turnip R C , Marbun P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Application of chemical fertilizer are one of the causes of soil damage. Reduction of chemical fertilizer application can cause soil compaction. One of the efforts to increase the production of kailan is applying liquid biofertilizer. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of biofertilizer dosage and time of fertilization on plant growth and production of kailan. This research was carried out in Bunga Turi V Street, Block III, Sidomulyo Village, Medan Tuntungan Sud-district, North Sumatera from September 2023 to November 2023. This research used non-factorial Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 7 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consisted: control, 10 l/ha applicated at 7 DAP, 10 l/ha applicated at 14 DAP, 20 l/ha applicated at 7 DAP, 20 l/ha applicated at 14 DAP, 30 l/ha applicated at 7 DAP, 30 l/ha applicated at 14DAP. The result of the analysis showed that application of liquid biological fertilizer has a significant effect on number of leaves chlorophyll, fresh plant shoot and root weight. The treatment of liquid biofertilizer with dose 30 l/ha applicated at 7DAP produced the highest plant growth dan production compare to other treatments.
Analysis of molecular genetic diversity of Nephelium lappaceum L. plant in North Sumatra using RAPD markers
Authors: Yoswan R , Damanik R I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Achieving high fruit production requires development with quality superior seeds and good management professional. In fact, it is very difficult to identify the advantages of perennial plants such as rambutan which are only based on morphology because it has a long lifespan, so identification with molecular marker technology is needed. This study aimed to obtain achieve data about genetic diversity and molecular characterization of genetic banding pattern of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) in North Sumatra using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. Research was conducted at Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan from January 2024 to March 2024. Based on nine plant samples from 3 districts in North Sumatra, namely: Binjai (BJ), Deli Serdang (DS), and Langkat (LG) where from each 3 different samples accessions were taken from each district. Determine of band size use a UVITEC Cambridge FireReader computer software and determine of genetic sameness relationship use Multivariate Statistical Package (MVSP ver 3.2) online software. Base on 9 samples isolated of rambutan and amplify use primers OPK-16, OPK-7, OPK-19 and OPD-8, obtained band sizes range from 100-4,600 bp and base on phylo-genetic UPGMA results were divided into two groups. Group I consist of LG 1 and Group II consisted of LG 2, DS 2, BJ 2, LG 3, BJ 1, BJ 3, DS 3, DS 1 with genetically similar points range from 0.48-1.
Effect of waterlogging, GA3 and BAP on the growth and production of several soybeans’ varieties Glycine max L. Merril plant
Authors: Safira S , Damanik R I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plant growth is greatly influenced by environmental factors such as rainfall that causes waterlogging. Soybeans are very sensitive to waterlogging, so it is necessary to make exertions to avoid soybean plants from waterlogging by providing growth regulators to see the response of PGR to soybean production. The research was steered in the watered paddy fields in Simeme Village, Deli Tua District, North Sumatra in October 2022 until January 2023 by a Split Plot Design with three factors: inundation, meditation of growth regulators (control, 100 ppm GA3 + 100 ppm BAP dan 200 ppm GA3 + 200 ppm BAP) and varieties (Deja-1, Dena-1 and Devon-1). The constraints detected were plant tallness, numeral of leaves, period of flowering, sum of pods per plant, weight of 100 seeds, analysis of chlorophyll, protein and Peroxidase (POD) enzyme. The results presented that the variety had a substantial effect on plant height 2 weeks after planting (WAP), number of leaves 2, 3, 4 WAP and period of flowering. PGR treatment pointedly precious plant height 3, 4, 5, 6 WAP and numeral of leaves 3, 4, 5 WAP. The waterlogging behavior pointedly precious the amount of peapods per plant and seeds per plant. Dealings of varieties with PGR and waterlogging with PGR significantly artificial the number of leaves 6 WAP.
The number of applications of phosphate solubilizing bacterial biofertilizer in reducing inorganic fertilizers on soybeans plant (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Authors: Hapsoh  , Wawan  , Dini I R , Mardina S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Providing biofertilizers with the efficiency of chemical fertilizers is one form of support for sustainable soybean cultivation. This study aims to obtain the best combination of doses of N, P, K fertilizers with the best number of applications of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial (PSB) biofertilizers for growth and results in reducing inorganic use in soybean plants in Ultisol soil. The study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments used were: PI: doses of 100% inorganic fertilizer + without PSB biofertilizers, P2: doses of 75% inorganic fertilizer + 3 times the application of PSB biofertilizers, P3: doses of 75% + 4 times the application of PSB biofertilizers, P4: 50% inorganic fertilizer + 3 times the application of PSB biofertilizers, P5: doses of 50% inorganic fertilizer + 4 times the application of PSB biofertilizers. The research results found that PSB biofertilizer on soybean plants can make the use of inorganic fertilizer more efficient. The best dose of 75% inorganic fertilizer application + 4 times the application of PSB speeds up harvesting, increases the weight of 100 seedlings, and increases the weight of the planted seeds.
The presence of insects before and after using the herbicides ammonium glufosinate and methyl metsulfurone in various doses
Authors: Keliat D S N , Purba E , Marheni  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Biodiversity of an area is a function of local diversity or certain habitats and structures in the land area, soil biodiversity is a form of alpha diversity that plays a very important role in maintaining and improving the function of the soil to support life in it. The results of the 27 pitfall traps pitfall traps obtained as many as 311 individuals before application and 96 individuals after application trapped in pitfall traps. Of these, according to the number of individuals, macrofauna are grouped by species, consisting of 5 species and 7 families. The results of the research conducted found 11 types of soil macrofauna species, namely Diacamma holosericu, Oecophylla smaragdina, Colobopsis saundersi, Zodarion rubidum, Icius hamatus, Euborellia annulata, Monomarium pharaonis, Pardosa torrentum, Julus virgatus, Grylus bimaculatus, Anochetus rugasus. The results of the investigation after herbicide application with different doses from 27 pitfall traps obtained a total of 96 individuals caught in pitfall traps. Of these, the macrofauna were grouped by species according to the number of individuals. The introduction of species characteristics can be classified into 8 species of soil macrofauna from the study site. Consisting of 4 species and 5 families.
Evaluation of Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) ecotype growth on root production in salinity
Authors: Novita A , Siregar L A M , Rosmayati  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Salinity in plant can have a negative growth effect, development and yield. This research aims to obtain the best vetiver ecotype for planting in suitable salinity conditions. Screening several vetiver ecotypes. The study adopted a randomized design. Salinity stress was the first factor including no salinity, 4 dSm−1 salinity, 8 dSm−1 salinity, 12 dSm−1 salinity, 16 dSm−1 salinity and 20 dSm−1 salinity, while Ecotypes was the second factor which consists of Bogor, Bojonegoro, and Padang, where 3 replications were made for each treatment. This study showed that salinity causes adverse effects on plant growth to a certain extent in vetiver plants. An Important role played by vetiver ecotypes on saline soil. The Padang ecotype was the higher fresh root weight compared to the Bojonegoro ecotype and the Bogor ecotype. Furthermore, the differences in results from each ecotype are greatly influenced by genetic factors. Yield characteristics and yield components as well as growth characteristics was strongly influenced by environmental factors. Environmental factors (temperature, rainfall, climate or soil) have a relevant influence on plant productivity.
Morphological character and amylose content analysis of maize (Zea mays L.) varieties bonanza and srikandi ungu
Authors: Lubis K , Nurhayati K , Hanum L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Maize is one of the most important secondary crops in Indonesia. The important nutritional of corn is carbohydrates and fat. Maize carbohydrates consist of starch, sugar, crude fiber and pentosans. Maize starch consists of amylose and amylopect. This research aims to examine the amylose levels found in corn, and to determine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of corn varieties Bonanza and Srikandi Ungu. The research was conducted using a descriptive method without a design by taking samples of each variety. Data analysis was carried out to determine the value of various phenotypes standard deviation and amylose content. The results of the research showed that the amylose content in the Srikandi Ungu variety had an average of 54.185%, while in the Bonanza variety it had an average of 46.940%. Amylose analysis shows that the Bonanza variety is included in the near high amylose group, while the Srikandi Ungu variety is included in the high amylose group. There was no effect of differences in kernel color on amylose content. There are differences in the qualitative characteristics of plants. The values of various phenotypes in the Bonanza and Srikandi Ungu varieties has extensive in all parameters except for cob diameter which has narrow.
The shifting in weed diversity and dominance in several weed management and soil tillage techniques in maize plantation
Authors: Nursa’adah  , Akasah W 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, herbicides are 60% of volume pesticides used worldwide. The large-scale agricultural production systems mostly depend on artificial chemicals to manage weeds. One strategy to reduce the herbicide use without reducing productivity is integrated weed control. Cover crop (CC) is one way of integrated weed control by suppressing the emergence of weeds. This study aims to examine the shifting in weed diversity and dominance in several weed management and soil tillages techniques in maize plantation. This study used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factorials. The first factor was weed management techniques (P), with levels: no control (P0), cover crop (P1), pre-emergent herbicide (P2), post-emergent herbicide (P3), and weed-free (with weeding) (P4). And the second factor was soil tillage technique (T), namely: no tillage (T0) and conventional tillage (T1). Vegetation analysis was conducted to the relative density (RD), relative frequency (RF), and summed dominance ratio (SDR). The results showed that there was a decrease in the number of weed species from 25 species before treatments to 21 species after treatments. The most effective reduction in the number of species and weed density occurred in the treatment of using pre-emergent herbicides with a combination of tillage techniques.
The effects of applying poultry waste and coconut shell biochar on the growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Vinolina N S , Saragih D , Marbun P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The growing request for shallots, driven by increasing consumer needs, has not been matched by stable production levels. This study investigated the effects of the application of poultry waste and coconut shell biochar on shallot growth and production. Two factors were evaluated, including poultry waste with various doses of 0, 10, 20, and 30 tons/ha and coconut shell biochar with diverse doses of 0, 10, 20, and 30 tons/ha, with three replications for each treatment. Duncan Multiple Range test at a 5% significance level was performed for the statistical analysis. The yields indicated that giving 30 tons/ha of poultry waste significantly enhanced plant length and bulb count per plant. Additionally, 1The giving of 10 tons/ha of biochar significantly improved plant length, leaf number, wet bulb weight per sample, dry bulb weight per sample, and wet bulb weight per plot. However, the combination of poultry waste and coconut shell biochar did not yield significant improvements in shallot growth and production. This study highlights the potential of poultry waste and biochar as effective soil amendments for shallot cultivation while also noting the limited impact of their combined application.
Physicochemical properties of yoghurt with the addition of mint leaf powder (Mentha piperita)
Authors: Indriani V , Dias F 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Yoghurt is one of the functional foods that are popular in society that can be made from milk. The use of mint leaves, a natural element that provides benefits without negatively impacting the processing method or the end product, has been a recent advance in yoghurt processing. The physical and chemical characteristics of yoghurt mixed with powdered mint leaf are the focus of this study. This research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: 1) no addition of mint leaf powder; 2) addition of mint leaves at 4.54%; and 3) addition of 9.08% mint leaf powder. Physicochemical tests are pH, viscosity, TAT, and antioxidants. The findings demonstrated that while the addition of mint leaves had no discernible impact on pH, TTA, or viscosity, it had a highly significant (p<0.01) influence on the antioxidant content of yoghurt. Therefore, we can conclude that adding mint leaves enhances the antioxidant value and also increases the quantity of mint leaves added.
Implementation Of Rabbit Urine Ammonia Level Detection System with Internet of Things
Authors: Siregar G A W , Sofina D , Hayatunnufus  , Harahap L A , Ramadhani R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ammonia compounds have corrosive properties that can not only cause air pollution but can also cause lung damage and death. Rabbit farms in general still use conventional methods in the treatment and monitoring Ammonia (NH3) levels in the cage. An IoT (Internet of Things) integrated ammonia level control system that can monitor and control ammonia levels in rabbit cages for 24 hours. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely: P1 = 17% zeolite + 83% aquadest, P2 = 23% zeolite + 77% aquadest, P3 = 29% zeolite + 71% aquadest, and P4 = 35% zeolite + 65% aquadest with 5 replications, with a total of 20 rabbits used. The results showed that ammonia levels in rabbit cages detected by the sensor ranged from 9.17 ppm - 14.11 ppm. The use of zeolite in the ammonia sensor turned out to reduce ammonia levels in the cage. The lowest average ammonia levels were found in the P2 treatment at 10.87 ppm. While the highest average was in the P4 treatment of 12.42 ppm, so the best treatment was in P2, namely the use of 35% Zeolite + 65% distilled water.
Glucomannan extract from porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) as prebiotic on broiler performance
Authors: Tafsin M , Hanafi N D , Zendrato D P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Glucomannans are prebiotics from porang tubers that could also be incorporated into animal feeds to enhance growth performance and improve productivity. The study aimed to determine the prebiotic potential of glucomannan extracted from porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Prain) by the performance of broilers. The experiment was conducted from January to February 2024 at the Research and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, and also at Baru Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used. The chickens used are one hundred in number, Lohman strain broilers, divided into four groups, namely: P0 - basal diet; P1 - basal diet + 0.2% extract of glucomannan; P2 - basal diet + 0.4% extract of glucomannan; P3 - basal diet + 0.6% extract of glucomannan. The results indicated that the P2 treatment, with 0.4% extract of glucomannan, had the highest feed consumption (459.95 g/head/week), body weight gain (267.40 g/head/week) and ratio of feed conversion or FCR (1.72). This study concludes that addition of glucomannan at 0.4% in broilers may optimize growth performance, probably by promoting intestinal microbiota health, digestion, and feed palatability.
Physical properties of eco-print sheep leather
Authors: Andini R A , Pertiwiningrum A , Abidin M Z 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Eco-print is one of the dyeing techniques using natural dye materials. The dyeing technique in eco-print is carried out by transferring colors and shapes on fabric media or other media through direct contact. This research is a qualitative and quantitative descriptive research. The data were obtained by conducting literature review, field research and experiments. Field research is carried out by observing and identifying the potential of the surrounding environment that can be used as a coloring material in the eco-print technique. In this study, eco-print experiments were then carried out on sheep leather. The data from the experiment was analysed by visual observation and then tested in the laboratory with the parameters of the test of moisture, tensile strength, WVP and moisture content. The influence of temperature differences can make sheep leather water-resistant (waterproof), improve the quality of eco-print and also improve the quality of the leather and produce waterproof leather. Environmental humidity, water quality, and material storage conditions affect the eco-print and waterproofness of sheepskin. High humidity can slow down drying, resulting in less clear and fuzzy prints. The mineral content of water, such as pH and metals are important in the interaction between natural dyes and leather fibers.
The effect of storage temperature on the quality of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) fillet at low-temperature storage for long-term preservation of fishery products
Authors: Marwati  , Sarah M , Misran E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Tuna is the common name for a species of fish belonging to the Scombroidae family. Among all the Scombroidae family, yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is the most popular type in tropical and subtropical seas worldwide. One technique for preserving tuna fillets is cooling, which is an effective method for maintaining the quality of fishery products for export activity. Fillet quality, particularly histamine levels and microbial counts, must be maintained to create good and sustainable management of Indonesian fishery products. This research aims to analyze the effect of storage temperature on the quality of tuna fillets at low temperatures. From this research, it is known that storage temperature affected the quality of tuna fillets. Storing tuna fillets at temperatures below 0°C can maintain the freshness of tuna fillets based on organoleptic test. Overall, storage temperature of -18°C can produce fillets with the best quality, with an organoleptic value of 8, a drip loss of 1.84-2.86%, histamine levels of 4,543-8,226 ppm, and a total plate count of 1,318-4,173 colonies/g. In conclusion, this work provided the latest information regarding the effect of cooling temperature, particularly temperatures below 0°C, on the quality of tuna fillets.