bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of parenting styles by in-school adolescents in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Obimakinde Abimbola Margaret , Omigbodun Olayinka , Adejumo Olurotimi , Adedokun Babatunde 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Parenting styles can be explained as behavioural strategies parents use to interact with their offspring. It is importance to understand the perception of parenting styles received by adolescents undergoing socio-cognitive development, however, there are few Nigerian studies exploring this topic.

Objective
To describe the perception of parenting styles received by in-school adolescents in South-West Nigeria.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional multistage study was conducted among students attending public and private schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaires, evaluating socio-demographic characteristics and perception of styles of parenting received by the adolescents.

Result
The prevalent perceived parenting style was the authoritative style (73.1%) and the least perceived was the permissive (3.8%) style. Female adolescents perceived fathers as being more negligent (65.2%), permissive (66.7%) and authoritarian (56.0%) but less authoritative (40.4%) than male adolescents (p = 0.01). Adolescents in lower social class perceived their mothers as more authoritarian (78.6%) and negligent (72.7%) in contrast to adolescents in higher social class (p = 0.889).

Conclusion
Perceived parenting style is the tendency of the adolescent to cognizance the behaviour of parents in a particular manner in all situations and develop a perception about their parents. The prevalent authoritative style is the ideal and most desirable style of parenting worldwide, as it describes parents who maintain a balance between high levels of demandingness and responsiveness, consistently supervising their adolescent’s behaviour and practicing constructive criticism. Other styles of parenting can be perceived by adolescents and may prevail across socio-economic divide, as depicted by this study.
The relationship between anxiety and social support in male and female students in high schools in the southeast of Iran
Authors: Pouraboli Batool , Abazari Faroukh , Abbasi Tahere , Mehdizadeh Ali , Jahani Yunes 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Adolescence is associated with physical, social and personality changes. Adolescents usually face some fears during this period, the removal and adjustment of which requires family and teachers’ support and the lack of attention to the issues of maturity will have negative effects on their health, awareness and self-esteem. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and social support among male and femaille students in high schools in the southeast of Iran.

Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study that was conducted as a descriptive comparison, 452 students who were studying in the first period of high school in Kerman (junior high schools) were selected as the entire population by the cluster sampling method and the data collection instruments were: a demographic questionnaire, Philips Social Support Scale and the Cattle Anxiety Scale. As well as descriptive statistics, to test the hypothesis of this study by SPSS software, and in the case of abnormal distribution of each variable, non-parametric tests were used.

Results
The results showed that anxiety in girls is great than in boys, also data analysis through Pearson’s test showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between anxiety and social support in girls (r = −0.428, n = 226, p < 0.001) and boys (r = −0.378, n = 226, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The results of research showed that by increasing perceptions of social support in students, their anxiety decreases. Therefore, paying attention to the social determinants of health such as social support is important and necessary to reduce the anxiety of students.
Assessment of heart rate variability for different somatotype category among adolescents
Authors: Subramanian Senthil Kumar , Sharma Vivek Kumar , Rajendran Rajathi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Somatotype is a quantified expression of the morphological conformation of a person in terms of three-numeral rating each representing one component; fat (endomorphy), muscle mass (mesomorphy) and bone length (ectomorphy) in the same order. Certain somatotypes are more prone to develop the particular disease. Obesity and overweight are already epidemic among Indian adolescents and are increasing at an alarming rate, and obesity is linked to cardiovascular (CV) risk in this age group. Identifying the heart rate variability (HRV) is an established non-invasive test to identify the CV risk. The objective of this study is to record the HRV data for each somatotype category and to compare the HRV data among these somatotype categories in adolescents.

Methods
The volunteer adolescents in the age group of 12–17 years were classified into a different somatotyping categories based on the Heath Carter somatotyping method. The short-term HRV was recorded in all the subjects using wireless BioHarness 3.0.

Results
Based on the time domain and frequency domain parameters, the parasympathetic activity showed decreasing order as follows: central>ectomorphy>mesomorphy>endomorphy, whereas sympathetic activity showed increasing order as follows: central<ectomorphy<mesomorphy<endomorphy in both boys and girls. Girls have higher parasympathetic activity and lesser sympathetic activity than boys in ectomorphy and mesomorphy. In the central somatotype and endomorphy categories, genders were comparable.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that endomorphy and mesomorphy have poorer autonomic tone when compared to other somatotype categories.
Starch-jute fiber hybrid biocomposite modified with an epoxy resin coating: fabrication and experimental characterization
Authors: Verma Akarsh , Joshi Kamal , Gaur Amit , Singh V. K. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this article, biocomposites derived from a starch-glycerol biodegradable matrix reinforced with jute fibers were fabricated using the wet hand lay-up and compression moulding techniques. Samples having different weight percentages of jute fiber in the starch matrix were analyzed. The fiber’s surface was chemically treated by alkaline sodium hydroxide to improve the interphase bonding between the fiber and the matrix. Tensile tests for the composites were done and the sample with highest tensile strength was selected for further tests that included water absorption (WA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TA). It has been concluded that the ultimate tensile strength was found to be maximum for the composition of 15% fiber by weight composite as 7.547 MPa without epoxy coating and 10.43 MPa with epoxy coating. The major disadvantage of the biocomposite is its high WA property, which in this study was inhibited by the epoxy resin layer. Herein, the results of various tests done disclose a noteworthy improvement in the overall properties of bio-composite, in comparison to the neat biodegradable starch matrix.
Low-coordinate organophosphorus compounds: some stereochemical considerations
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Utilizing 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl as a sterically demanding group (abbreviated as Mes*), we have been successful in isolation, characterization, physical and chemical property investigation of low-coordinate organophosphorus compounds such as those carrying P=P and P=C bonds. Diphosphene, 1-phosphaethene, 1,3-diphosphaallene, 1-phosphaallene, and 3,4-diphosphinidenecyclobutenes are discussed in terms of stereochemistry including E/Z isomerization around P=P or P=C bond and R/S resolution of rotational isomers around crowded P–C bonds with chiral HPLC column. (π-Allyl)palladium complexes ligated with 3,4-diphosphinidenecyclobutene are useful in such catalytic organic reactions as the Tsuji-Trost reaction by which from a chiral s-alcohol, the corresponding chiral amine is obtained with retention of chirality suggesting double inversion process.
Commenter Térence au XVIe siècle:
Authors: Meerhoff Kees 
Published: November 2018

Terence, celebrated author of six comedies, has been studied in many classrooms during Antiquity. A witness of this fact is the extensive commentary by Donatus. Among most fathers of the Church, Terence had a bad press. For Lactantius, the eloquence displayed in comedy is altogether pernicious. Augustine singles out a well-known passage from the Eunuch for censure on several occasions.
In Renaissance education, nonetheless, Terence remained a prerequisite for mastering eloquence. Erasmus strongly recommended him to teachers of his age. Melanchthon's belief in Terence as a master of excellence in everyday Latin and a model of rhetorical skill was strengthened by his positive appraisal of Terence's moral intentions. In the theological philosophy he developed, ancient ethics acquired a prominent place. Disciples of the praæceptor Germaniæ published extensive commentaries on Terence's comedies. J. Willich carefully defined the moral issues of each individual scene in his surprisingly detailed analysis of Terence's comedies. His commentary (1550) enjoyed considerable fame.
Urban Social Media Inequality
Authors: Индако Агустин , Манович Лев 
Published: November 2018

Social media content shared today in cities, such as Instagram images, their tags and descriptions, is the key form of contemporary city life. It tells people where activities and locations that interest them are and it allows them to share their urban experiences and self-representations.
Therefore, any analysis of urban structures and cultures needs to consider social media activity. In our paper, we introduce the novel concept of social media inequality. This concept allows us to quantitatively compare pattern in social media activities between parts of a city, a number of cities, or any other spatial areas. We define this concept using an analogy with the concept of economic inequality. Economic inequality indicates how some economic characteristics or material resources, such as income, wealth or consumption are distributed in a city, country or between countries. Accordingly, we can define social media inequality as the measures of distribution of characteristics of social media content shared in a particular geographic area or between areas. An example of such characteristics is the number of photos shared by all users of a social network such as Instagram in a given city or city area, or the content of these photos.
We propose that the standard inequality measures used in other disciplines, such as the Gini coefficient, can also be used to characterize social media inequality. To test our ideas, we use a dataset of 7,442,454 public geo-coded Instagram images shared in Manhattan during five months (March — July) in 2014, and also selected data for 287 Census tracts in Manhattan. We compare patterns in Instagram sharing for locals and for visitors for all tracts, and also for hours in a 24 hour cycle. We also look at relations between social media inequality and socio-economic inequality using selected indicators for Census tracts. The inequality of Instagram images shared in Manhattan turns out to be bigger than inequalities in levels of income, rent, and unemployment.
Derecho humano al agua potable en la localidad de Tlachichilco del Carmen en el municipio de Poncitlán, Jalisco, México: análisis preliminar de un problema en un territorio periurbano
Authors: Jalomo-Aguirre Francisco , Torres-Rodríguez Alicia , Ceballos-González Leonor , Avila-De Alba Juan Pablo , Álvarez-Cortazar Lorena Tanit 
Published: November 2018

A pesar de ser el agua un recurso vital para la existencia de cada especie del planeta Tierra; pese a haber sido reconocido, en declaraciones internacionales de diversos tipos, como un derecho de todos los individuos, tal recurso no se encuentra distribuido y disponible en igualdad, cantidad y calidad, por tanto existe hoy en día una creciente problemática por asegurar tal garantía, objetivo a demostrar en el presente documento, que muestra los resultados de un estudio realizado en la localidad de Tlachichilco del Carmen, en el municipio de Poncitlán, Jalisco, México.Así, mediante una revisión exhaustiva de fuentes documentales y aplicación de entrevistas y encuestas, se evidencia en este texto el problema de acceso al agua y las estrategias, como la captación de agua de lluvia que están sucediendo en una localidad conlindante al cuerpo de agua dulce más grande de México, el lago de Chapala, ubicado en el occidente de México.
Multiple Descriptors for Visual Odometry Trajectory Estimation
Authors: Salameh Mohammed , Abdullah Azizi , Sahran Shahnorbanun 
Published: November 2018

Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (VSLAM) systems are widely used in mobile robots for autonomous navigation. One important part in VSLAM is trajectory estimation. Trajectory estimation is a part of the localisation task in VSLAM where a robot needs to estimate the camera pose in order to precisely align the real visited image locations. The poses are estimated using Visual Odometry Trajectory Estimation (VOTE) by extracting distinctive and trackable keypoints from sequence image locations having been visited by a robot. In the visual trajectory estimation, one of the most popular solutions is arguably PnP-RANSCA function. PnP-RANSAC is a common approach used for estimating the VOTE which uses a feature descriptor such as SURF to extract key-points and match them in pairs based on their descriptors. However, due to the sensor noise and the high fluctuating scenes constitute an inevitable shortcoming that reduces the single visual descriptor performance in extracting the distinctive and trackable keypoints. Thus, this paper proposes a method that uses a random sampling scheme to combine the result of multiple key-points descriptors. The scheme extracts the best keypoints from SIFT, SURF and ORB key-point detectors based on their key-point response value. These keypoints are combined and refined based on Euclidean distances. This combination of keypoints with their corresponding visual descriptors are used in VOTE which reduces the trajectory estimation errors. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the widely used benchmark dataset KITTI where the three longest sequences are selected, 00 with 4541 images, 02 with 2761 images and 05 with 1101 images. In trajectory estimation experiment, the proposed algorithm can reduce the trajectory error of 44%, 8% and 13% on KITTI dataset for the sequence 00, 02 and 05 respectively based on translational and rotational errors. Also, the proposed algorithm succeeded in reducing the number of keypoints used in VOTE as combined with the state-of-the-art RTAB-Map.
Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis and application for Halal Authentication in Meat and Meat Products
Authors: Subara Deni , Jaswir Irwandi 
Published: November 2018

The Muslim community has recently become more aware of the food they eat, especially Muslim minorities in secular areas. This awereness is increased along with increasing adulteration and substitution of expensive meat for cheaper material. Hence, meat authentication has become a major concern for both consumers and researchers alike. Many analytical methods for detecting Halal meat have been developed to address issues with meat authentication, such as HPLC, FTIR, GCMS and PCR. Nanotechnology has recently shown great potential in biosensing applications for Halal meat products. Rapid testing, cheaper materials and portability of gold nanoparticle-based sensors are expected to change conventional sensing of Halal meat. Selected molecules and types of meat was one of the target for developing gold nanoparticles in the detection. Detection of meat products using gold nanoparticles is based on the colour changed of its optical properties. This article reviewed the application of gold nanoparticles for Halal authentication of meat and meat products. Furthermore, the recent development in preparation of gold nanoparticles and current challenges are also discussed. Gold nanoparticles shows great potential to detect specific meats in meat products. Several traditional and modern meat processed products have been tested on the application of gold nanoparticles, such as meat ball and burgers. However, detection of meat adulteration on real food samples should be done before the comercialization. Limit of detection of gold nanoparticles in analysis shows an increment. Gold nanoparticles offer new alternative to expensive method. In adition, specific detector for different animal meats of interest need to be designed.
Conexiones naturales de la gran ciudad con las áreas periurbanas de Naturaleza. Aplicación al caso de Madrid
Authors: Bedmar Perlado Alicia 
Published: November 2018

La movilidad peatonal se está convirtiendo cada vez más en un en objeto de atención para la sociedad. Después de un largo periodo de abandono debido al auge del transporte privado y al deterioro consecuente del espacio público, se mira al peatón como un agente regenerador de la ciudad, capaz de promover la integración social. Este hecho y la necesidad de acercar la Naturaleza a las ciudades motivan la búsqueda de soluciones para conseguir este fin.Se probará una metodología basada en estudios recientes sobre movilidad peatonal, para posibilitar la llegada de los ciudadanos a las áreas de Naturaleza cercanas. Para probar y refinar la metodología se aplica a un estudio de caso, la ciudad de Madrid. El análisis de las posibles salidas de la ciudad, contrastará las conclusiones sobre la marcha a pie dentro de la ciudad. Como conclusión del estudio de caso se analizará la accesibilidad desde los distritos de Madrid a los puntos de Naturaleza cercanos.
Beirut 1830-1920, un ‘scalar fix’ en contextos cambiantes. Un estudio de caso explorando las teorías de re-escalamiento y urbanización extendida
Authors: Korban Choueiri Darine 
Published: November 2018

Los estudios urbanos están experimentado un discurso renovado sobre la producción del espacio urbano. Se aborda de nuevo la “cuestión urbana”, visto que el discurso existente es incapaz de explicar la producción de los actuales paisajes socioespaciales. La teoría de la “urbanización planetaria” o de la “urbanización extendida” propone un paradigma pionero para el estudio de lo urbano. Centrándose en los procesos en vez de los asentamientos urbanos, dicha teoría postula que el fenómeno de urbanización es el resultado de dos momentos: concentración y extensión. A su vez, dicha teoría aboga por la necesidad de contemplar dichos procesos desde una perspectiva histórico-geográfica. Aplicando este enfoque a la ciudad de Beirut, este articulo pone a prueba las hipótesis de estos nuevos empeños teóricos. Al mismo tiempo, el análisis conecta con conceptualizaciones previas relacionadas con el territorio: las teorías del re-escalamiento y del sistema mundo. En efecto, la extensión y concentración cuestionan la implicación de la escala en la producción de estos dos momentos de urbanización. También el proceso de urbanización, entendido como un proceso histórico continuo, aborda inevitablemente aspectos de la teoría del sistema mundo, que son relevantes para enmarcar la teoría de urbanización en el periodo específico, 1830-1920, del caso de estudio.
Salamanca, ¿consolidación de un sistema metropolitano o ‘shrinking city’?
Authors: Riva de Monti Marcela 
Published: November 2018

El “shrinkage” es un fenómeno poco estudiado en el ámbito español. Se ha argumentado, además, que en España, debido a su tardía incorporación al proceso industrial y ser una economía basada en el turismo y los servicios, este proceso tiene menor relevancia que en otros países de la Unión Europea. El informe “Mapping Urban Shrinkage in Europe” incluye a la ciudad de Salamanca dentro de las ciudades europeas que evidencian “shrinkage”. La hipótesis que se plantea en este estudio es dilucidar si el fenómeno que se aprecia en Salamanca se debe a un proceso de suburbanización que, como define el Atlas de Shrinking Cities es “una de las causas principales de las “shrinking cities” en las naciones industrializadas de Occidente o se aprecia un proceso de metropolización, que atiende más al tipo de desarrollo que han experimentado las ciudades españolas durante el periodo de estudio, 1991-2011. El propósito de esta investigación es poner en relieve, a través de un estudio de casos, la situación de las “shrinking cities” sin rasgos industriales o políticos negativos, definiendo sus características y particularidades con el fin de comprobar si su evolución reciente puede caracterizarse como un proceso de “shrinkage”.
La ciudad frente a la incertidumbre: Planificación urbana y organización en un escenario de probabilidad. Le Havre, 1935-1970
Authors: Fernández Marín Silvia 
Published: November 2018

Resumen:Los sistemas urbanos están permanentemente sometidos a fenómenos potencialmente alteradores, a transformación; se enfrentan en definitiva a la incertidumbre. Considerando lo difícil de aspirar a conocerlos en profundidad en razón de su complejidad y ante el carácter a menudo altamente inflexible de las regulaciones normativas que sobre ellos se establecen, se hace necesario explorar las pautas por las que se organizan a fin de favorecer su capacidad de recuperarse en contextos delicados como lo son un desastre y sus consecuencias; especialmente a tenor del marco político económico en que aquellos se inscriben.El presente estudio analiza las mencionadas cuestiones a través del caso de Le Havre (la segunda ciudad más bombardeada de Francia durante la segunda guerra mundial) indagando sobre las implicaciones de su reconstrucción. Se aborda desde una perspectiva relacional porque las acciones en ella emprendidas no sólo conllevaban introducción de orden estricto sobre las áreas destruidas, sino también la alteración de probabilidades comunicativas del resto del conjunto, estando muchos de los cambios entonces introducidos en el origen de importantes desarrollos posteriores no contemplados al inicio. La estricta intervención emprendida conllevaba la limitación de la capacidad de adaptación y evolución futura de diversas áreas de la ciudad. Palabras clave Complejidad urbana, sistema de comunicaciones, incertidumbre, topología, grafos. Abstract:Urban systems are constantly subjected to a number of phenomena liable to lead to significant changes and, ultimately, faced with uncertanty. Taking into account the difficulties to fully comprehend them due to their complexity and the rigid nature of urban planning regulations imposed over them, it becomes essential to explore their organizational paths, so as to improve their ability to recover after a disaster and to deal with its effects, specially considering the economic and political frame they are in.Our research analizes the above-menthioned issues through the case-study of Le havre (The second most affected city by the WWII bombings in France), digging into the outcome of the rebuilding process from a relational perspective. Actions undertaken in this latter were not only a way to impose an order over the affected areas; they also entailed the alteration of the probabilities of communication in the non-destroyed ones, to the extent that most of those changes were in the origin of later developments.The rigid intervention carried out led to significant restrictions in later adaptive and evolving capacities in several areas of the city.Keywords:Urban complexity, urban networks, uncertainty, topology, graphs.