bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactive oxygen species regulate auxin levels to mediate adventitious root induction in Arabidopsis hypocotyl cuttings
Authors: Huang Aixia , Wang Yongshun , Liu Yangyang , Wang Guodong , She Xiaoping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAdventitious root (AR) formation from leafy stem cuttings is critical for breeding of many forest and horticultural species. In addition to the plant hormone auxin, wound‐induced signaling caused by the cutting excision is also essential for AR initiation. Here we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are rapidly generated at the excision site as a wound‐induced signal and propagated throughout the hypocotyl cutting after excision of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) primary root. ROS propagation was not observed in the presence of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (diphenylene iodonium chloride) or in a knockout mutant of the NADPH oxidase gene respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D (RBOHD). Respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D was specifically upregulated in hypocotyl cuttings at 0.5 h post excision (hpe). Together, these data suggest that RBOHD mediates ROS propagation in hypocotyl cuttings. We also found that auxin levels increased significantly in the shoot apex at 5 hpe and at the base of the cutting at 6 hpe; these effects were blocked by treatment with ROS scavengers. Consistent with this, transcript levels of auxin biosynthesis and polar‐transport genes generally increased between 1 to 6 hpe. Collectively, our results suggest that wound‐induced ROS participate in AR induction through regulation of auxin biosynthesis and transport.
Plasma concentrations of steroid precursors, steroids, neuroactive steroids, and neurosteroids in healthy neonatal foals from birth to 7 days of age
Authors: Aleman Monica , McCue Patrick M. , Chigerwe Munashe , Madigan John E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransient hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysfunction occurs in critically ill foals with sepsis and neonatal maladjustment syndrome (NMS). Cortisol is the most commonly measured steroid. However, a complex interaction of various steroid compounds might play a role in pathophysiology of this disorder.ObjectiveTo identify steroid compounds present at high concentrations at birth that rapidly and steadily decrease within the first 7 days of life in healthy foals and that might be supportive diagnosis of NMS and other neonatal disorders.AnimalsTen healthy neonatal Quarter Horse foals (5 females and 5 males).MethodsProspective study. Blood was collected in heparinized tubes within 30 minutes after birth, and at 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 hours of age. Plasma was separated and a panel of steroid compounds was analyzed using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. A nonlinear regression model was used to determine decay concentrations over time. Confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and significance was set aP ≤ .05.ResultsFive compounds were identified: pregnenolone, progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Pregnenolone and progesterone concentrations rapidly decreased by 24 hours of age and remained low throughout the first 7 days of life. Their half‐life (95% CI) was short at 3.7 (3.4, 4.0) and 4.5 (2.8, 6.1) hours, respectively. No statistical differences in the concentrations of these compounds were found between males and females.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceProgesterone might be a useful marker for identifying continuous endogenous production of neuroactive steroids in foals with suspected NMS and other neonatal diseases.
Distribution and elimination of quinocetone and its major metabolites in Cherry Valley ducks
Authors: Qiu Mei , Liu Congmin , Tang Qihe , Zhang Yanping , Wang Haixia , Zhai Bing , Xu Kun , Zhou Yuanming , Qu Lihua , Li Qiu , Xu Jin , Bai Yubin , Hao Zhihui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe examined the tissue distribution and elimination of quinocetone (QCT) and its major metabolites 1‐desoxyquinocetone (1‐DQCT), di‐desoxyquinocetone (BDQCT), and 3‐methyl‐quinoxaline‐2‐carboxylic (MQCA) in ducks. The analytes were simultaneously quantitated using a UPLC‐MS/MS method after oral administration of QCT at 100 mg·kg−1 day−1 for 7 days. We found that QCT and its major metabolites were widely distributed in duck tissues. The concentrations indicated that the primary compound in the liver, kidney, and heart was MQCA and the primary compound in the stomach, intestine, spleen, and lung was QCT. We also identified that MQCA was the most appropriate compound for QCT residue monitoring. The liver and kidney are the primary QCT target organs in ducks, and this study provides clear monitoring tools and important data to evaluate its safety.
KHA‐CARI Guideline recommendations for renal biopsy
Authors: MacGinley Rob , Champion De Crespigny Paul J , Gutman Talia , Lopez‐Vargas Pamela , Manera Karine , Menahem Solomon , Saunders John , See Emily , Voss David , Wong Jeffrey 
Published: September 2019

SUMMARY AT A GLANCEThis KHA‐CARI Guideline laid down principles for the care of patients undergoing kidney biopsy, and provides management guidelines from with‐holding of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, application of desmopressin to postbiopsy bleeding care.
ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1 acts as a negative modulator of seed germination by activating ABI3 expression
Authors: Lin Jia‐Hui , Yu Lin‐Hui , Xiang Cheng‐Bin 
Published: September 2019

Summary

Seed germination is a crucial transition point in plant life and is tightly regulated by environmental conditions through the coordination of two phytohormones, gibberellin and abscisic acid (ABA). To avoid unfavorable conditions, plants have evolved safeguard mechanisms for seed germination.

The present contribution reports a novel function of the Arabidopsis MCM1/AGAMOUS/DEFICIENS/SRF(MADS)‐box transcription factor ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1 (ANR1) in seed germination.

ANR1 knockout mutant is insensitive to ABA, salt and osmotic stress during the seed germination and early seedling development stages, whereas ANR1‐overexpressing lines are hypersensitive. ANR1 is responsive to ABA and abiotic stresses and upregulates the expression of ABA Intolerant (ABI)3 to suppress seed germination. ANR1 and ABI3 have similar expression pattern during seed germination. Genetically, ABI3 acts downstream of ANR1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and yeast‐one‐hybrid assays showed that ANR1 could bind to the ABI3 promoter to regulate its expression. In addition, ANR1 acts synergistically with AGL21 to suppress seed germination in response to ABA as evidenced by anr1 agl21 double mutant.

Taken together, the results herein demonstrate that the ANR1 plays an important role in regulating seed germination and early postgermination growth. ANR1 and AGL21 together constitutes a safeguard mechanism for seed germination to avoid unfavorable conditions.
Psychological characteristics in women football players: Skills, mental toughness, and anxiety
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Hafrún , Jóhannsdóttir Kamilla R. , Pic Miguel , Saavedra Jose M. 
Published: September 2019

Women's football has been far less studied than men's. This work's objectives were to: (1) analyze the differences in psychological skills, mental toughness (MT), and anxiety in women football players according to their level (national team, first division, and second division); and (2) predict those three levels (using a multivariate model) according to the players’ psychological skills, mental toughness, and anxiety. One hundred and forty‐two Icelandic women football players (23.5 ± 3.5 years) participated in the study. They were classified into three groups according to their level: national team, and first and second divisions. Three questionnaires were used: the Test of Performance Strategies Questionnaire, the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire, and the Sport Anxiety Scale‐2 questionnaire. A one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction was used to examine differences between teams. Applying a classification tree analysis, the participants were classified into three groups according to their level. There were few differences between the three groups in psychological skills, but in mental toughness and anxiety the national team had the highest and lowest values respectively, and the first and second division players differed in relaxation in competition (TOPS), total score and confidence (SMTQ), and worry (SAS‐2). The classification tree correctly classified 54.9% of the sample with the variables total score (SMTQ) and activation in practice (TOPS). Therefore, given the relevance that psychological attributes appear to have for women football players’ performance, it would seem indispensable to incorporate the figure of the sports psychologist into national and club teams.
The ‘Nifty Fifty’: medical student ward work guide
Authors: Noble Rebecca A , Peal Charlotte A 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundFinal‐year medical students have many timetabled clinical and academic commitments. Independent ward time is an opportunity for students to experience situated learning; however, there are a number of barriers to participation. We aimed to identify barriers to independent ward work and provide a tool to maximise learning opportunities and encourage multidisciplinary learning. We created the booklet: Nifty Fifty: Ways to Avoid Being a Trip Hazard on the Wards using anecdotal and personal experience to guide curriculum‐orientated learning.MethodsStudents undertaking attachments on medical wards at Queen's Medical Centre in Nottingham, UK, were provided with a small printed handbook of 50 suggested activities to participate in when on a ward. Feedback was collected at the beginning, middle and end of the attachment, with the handbook distributed following a mid‐attachment questionnaire. This feedback was compared with that of a control group. Quantitative data were subsequently analysed.We created the booklet: Nifty Fifty … using anecdotal and personal experience to guide curriculum‐orientated learningResultsPost‐intervention feedback showed an improvement in the frequency of ward attendance, a reduction in the perceived barriers to independent ward work and an increase in the perceived usefulness of ward attendance. Students who received the handbook reported an improvement in confidence in self‐directed ward work compared with the control group.DiscussionWe have demonstrated that a simple handbook may assist in the facilitation of independent ward work for final‐year medical students, with widespread improvements in measured outcomes. Our project was limited by size, but we believe that its positive results could be scaled up.
Transfusion in limited infrastructure locations – where to go decades after safe blood initiative by World Health Organization?
Authors: Ugwu Angela , Gwarzo Dalha , Nwagha Theresa , Gwarzo Aisha , Greinacher Andreas 
Published: September 2019

Transfusion demand in sub‐Saharan Africa is increasing. Establishment of large national blood services seems to be challenging. Hospital blood services maintain the basic supply. However, they lack effective communication networks. Cell phones/internet provides the infrastructure for establishing such networks and could help in establishing haemovigilance systems. Voluntary non‐remunerated donors are the minority of donors (<20%). It seems more appropriate to develop strategies to increase the safety of replacement donor blood instead of insisting on copying Western‐world models. Red cell serology is usually restricted to ABO/Rh‐D and at best Coombs crossmatch. Introduction of antibody differentiation and additional typing for C,c,E,e and K would prevent 60–70% of delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions. One of the most frequent indications for blood transfusion is major haemorrhage. Why is component therapy still recommended for resource‐limited regions, while whole blood is reintroduced in Europe/US for exactly the same indications? Plasma thawed due to electricity failures is usually discarded anyway. Leuco‐depleted products would be beneficial (multitransfused sickle‐cell patients/neonates/AIDS). An ideal blood product could be whole blood, in‐line leuco reduced by gravity filtration, treated by user‐friendly pathogen‐reduction not requiring irradiation/illumination. The transfusion medicine community should form an alliance to develop an affordable, pathogen‐reduced blood product, to train regional auditors and to bring in external expertise to aid knowledge transfer. However, standards to be reached should be defined by the respective national experts who understand the culture and needs of their country. In respectful collaboration, we could learn from each other to finally improve transfusion in resource‐limited regions.
Active Roll Control System Design With Considering Actuator Constraints for Passenger Car
Authors: Kim Changseb , Huh Kunsoo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes an active roll control system for passenger cars. The roll actuator with electric motor is expected to replace the hydraulic roll control actuator with the better performance. In order to meet those expectations, highly precise control methods are needed for adjusting the roll motion of the vehicle. In this study, roll dynamics of vehicle and the properties of active roll actuators are investigated first including the latency of the actuator. The identification method is designed to estimate the key parameters of the suspension system. The reference model method is proposed to determine the target roll states and the model predictive control (MPC) method is adopted to control the rolling motion. The roll moment distribution method is also designed between the front and rear actuators considering the load transfer. The proposed control system is validated via simulations and experiments.
Experimental Investigation of Confined Swirling Flow and Its Interaction With a Bluff Body
Authors: Tianxing Zhang , Alshehhi Mohamed , Khezzar Lyes , Xia Yakang , Kharoua Nabil 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Detailed laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurements of profiles of mean axial and tangential velocities and their corresponding root-mean-square (RMS) components in confined turbulent swirling pipe flow with and without the presence of a conical bluff body have been conducted. The working fluid was water and the Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity inside the pipe was equal to 40,850. The main focus of the study was to document the interaction between turbulent swirling flow inside a pipe and in the presence of a conical bluff body. The flow structure was found in all cases to be composed of a forced-free vortex. The swirl decay was exponential for Reynolds numbers of 40,850 and 14,450. The effect of the presence of the bluff body on the flow is limited to a short region upstream of it; so that the effect on the flow structure and strength of swirl upstream can be considered negligible. The flow around the bluff body adopts a different structure where the mean axial and tangential velocities tend to assume uniform profiles with turbulence activity limited to the region close to the surface of the bluff body.
A Combinatorial Approach for Constructing Lattice Structures
Authors: Verma Chaman Singh , Rankouhi Behzad , Suresh Krishnan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lattice structures exhibit unique properties including a large surface area and a highly distributed load-path. This makes them very effective in engineering applications where weight reduction, thermal dissipation, and energy absorption are critical. Furthermore, with the advent of additive manufacturing (AM), lattice structures are now easier to fabricate. However, due to inherent surface complexity, their geometric construction can pose significant challenges. A classic strategy for constructing lattice structures exploits analytic surface–surface intersection; this, however, lacks robustness and scalability. An alternate strategy is voxel mesh-based isosurface extraction. While this is robust and scalable, the surface quality is mesh-dependent, and the triangulation will require significant postdecimation. A third strategy relies on explicit geometric stitching where tessellated open cylinders are stitched together through a series of geometric operations. This was demonstrated to be efficient and scalable, requiring no postprocessing. However, it was limited to lattice structures with uniform beam radii. Furthermore, existing algorithms rely on explicit convex-hull construction which is known to be numerically unstable. In this paper, a combinatorial stitching strategy is proposed where tessellated open cylinders of arbitrary radii are stitched together using topological operations. The convex hull construction is handled through a simple and robust projection method, avoiding expensive exact-arithmetic calculations and improving the computational efficiency. This is demonstrated through several examples involving millions of triangles. On a typical eight-core desktop, the proposed algorithm can construct approximately up to a million cylinders per second.
Pain After Whole-Body Vibration Exposure Is Frequency Dependent and Independent of the Resonant Frequency: Lessons From an In Vivo Rat Model
Authors: Holsgrove Timothy P. , Zeeman Martha E. , Welch William C. , Winkelstein Beth A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOccupational whole-body vibration (WBV) increases the risk of developing low back and neck pain; yet, there has also been an increased use of therapeutic WBV in recent years. Although the resonant frequency (fr) of the spine decreases as the exposure acceleration increases, effects of varying the vibration profile, including peak-to-peak displacement (sptp), root-mean-squared acceleration (arms), and frequency (f), on pain onset are not known. An established in vivo rat model of WBV was used to characterize the resonance of the spine using sinusoidal sweeps. The relationship between arms and fr was defined and implemented to assess behavioral sensitivity—a proxy for pain. Five groups were subjected to a single 30-min exposure, each with a different vibration profile, and a sham group underwent only anesthesia exposure. The behavioral sensitivity was assessed at baseline and for 7 days following WBV-exposure. Only WBV at 8 Hz induced behavioral sensitivity, and the higher arms exposure at 8 Hz led to a more robust pain response. These results suggest that the development of pain is frequency-dependent, but further research into the mechanisms leading to pain is warranted to fully understand which WBV profiles may be detrimental or beneficial.
A Proof of Concept for Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the Left Atrium in Atrial Fibrillation on a Patient-Specific Basis
Authors: Masci Alessandro , Alessandrini Martino , Forti Davide , Menghini Filippo , Dedé Luca , Tomasi Corrado , Quarteroni Alfio , Corsi Cristiana 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a fivefold increase in the risk of cerebrovascular events, being responsible of 15–18% of all strokes. The morphological and functional remodeling of the left atrium (LA) caused by AF favors blood stasis and, consequently, stroke risk. In this context, several clinical studies suggest that the stroke risk stratification could be improved by using hemodynamic information on the LA and the left atrial appendage (LAA). The goal of this study was to develop a personalized computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the LA which could clarify the hemodynamic implications of AF on a patient-specific basis. In this paper, we present the developed model and its application to two AF patients as a preliminary advancement toward an optimized stroke risk stratification pipeline.
Dynamic Output Controllers for Exponential Stabilization of Periodic Orbits for Multidomain Hybrid Models of Robotic Locomotion
Authors: Akbari Hamed Kaveh , Safaee Bita , Gregg Robert D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The primary goal of this paper is to develop an analytical framework to systematically design dynamic output feedback controllers that exponentially stabilize multidomain periodic orbits for hybrid dynamical models of robotic locomotion. We present a class of parameterized dynamic output feedback controllers such that (1) a multidomain periodic orbit is induced for the closed-loop system and (2) the orbit is invariant under the change of the controller parameters. The properties of the Poincaré map are investigated to show that the Jacobian linearization of the Poincaré map around the fixed point takes a triangular form. This demonstrates the nonlinear separation principle for hybrid periodic orbits. We then employ an iterative algorithm based on a sequence of optimization problems involving bilinear matrix inequalities to tune the controller parameters. A set of sufficient conditions for the convergence of the algorithm to stabilizing parameters is presented. Full-state stability and stability modulo yaw under dynamic output feedback control are addressed. The power of the analytical approach is ultimately demonstrated through designing a nonlinear dynamic output feedback controller for walking of a three-dimensional (3D) humanoid robot with 18 state variables and 325 controller parameters.
A High-Accuracy Calibration Method Using Sensor Sensitivity Difference for Piezoelectric Dynamometer
Authors: Zhang Jun , Shao Jun , Ren Zongjin , Yu Jing , Li Xinyang , Jia Zhenyuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
High-accuracy measurement of force affects real-time control and process adjustment of industrial production. Piezoelectric sensor can be applied to measure force with the characteristics of high frequency and stiffness, great dynamic response and resistance to harsh conditions. As an important part of test, calibration determines sensitivity coefficient which directly affects test accuracy. To improve the calibration accuracy of offset loading force for multisensor piezoelectric dynamometer, a novel calibration method using sensor sensitivity difference is proposed in this paper. The calibration experiments of four sensors are performed to obtain the axial sensitivities and the force-to-electricity conversion coefficients. The multiple loading-point (MLP) calibration experiments of dynamometer are carried out, and the calibration results prove that the sensitivity difference of four sensors is the main reason affecting the calibration accuracy. The sensitivity difference calibration method (SDCM) is applied to the MLP calibration experiments, and the results show that the average resultant force deviations are reduced from 418.79 N (8.38% full scare (FS) to 24.16 N (0.61% FS) under a loading force of 5000 N, which proves high accuracy and reliability of SDCM. The calibration method will provide guidance for improving the calibration accuracy of dynamometer.