bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The thermal ecology of flowers
Authors: van der Kooi Casper J , Kevan Peter G , Koski Matthew H 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundObtaining an optimal flower temperature can be crucial for plant reproduction because temperature mediates flower growth and development, pollen and ovule viability, and influences pollinator visitation. The thermal ecology of flowers is an exciting, yet understudied field of plant biology.ScopeThis review focuses on several attributes that modify exogenous heat absorption and retention in flowers. We discuss how flower shape, orientation, heliotropic movements, pubescence, coloration, opening–closing movements and endogenous heating contribute to the thermal balance of flowers. Whenever the data are available, we provide quantitative estimates of how these floral attributes contribute to heating of the flower, and ultimately plant fitness.OutlookFuture research should establish form–function relationships between floral phenotypes and temperature, determine the fitness effects of the floral microclimate, and identify broad ecological correlates with heat capture mechanisms.
Exact hypothesis testing for shrinkage-based Gaussian graphical models
Authors: Bernal Victor , Bischoff Rainer , Guryev Victor , Grzegorczyk Marco , Horvatovich Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMotivationOne of the main goals in systems biology is to learn molecular regulatory networks from quantitative profile data. In particular, Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) are widely used network models in bioinformatics where variables (e.g. transcripts, metabolites or proteins) are represented by nodes, and pairs of nodes are connected with an edge according to their partial correlation. Reconstructing a GGM from data is a challenging task when the sample size is smaller than the number of variables. The main problem consists in finding the inverse of the covariance estimator which is ill-conditioned in this case. Shrinkage-based covariance estimators are a popular approach, producing an invertible ‘shrunk’ covariance. However, a proper significance test for the ‘shrunk’ partial correlation (i.e. the GGM edges) is an open challenge as a probability density including the shrinkage is unknown. In this article, we present (i) a geometric reformulation of the shrinkage-based GGM, and (ii) a probability density that naturally includes the shrinkage parameter.ResultsOur results show that the inference using this new ‘shrunk’ probability density is as accurate as Monte Carlo estimation (an unbiased non-parametric method) for any shrinkage value, while being computationally more efficient. We show on synthetic data how the novel test for significance allows an accurate control of the Type I error and outperforms the network reconstruction obtained by the widely used R package GeneNet. This is further highlighted in two gene expression datasets from stress response in Eschericha coli, and the effect of influenza infection in Mus musculus.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/V-Bernal/GGM-ShrinkageSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
NPS: scoring and evaluating the statistical significance of peptidic natural product–spectrum matches
Authors: Tagirdzhanov Azat M , Shlemov Alexander , Gurevich Alexey 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Peptidic natural products (PNPs) are considered a promising compound class that has many applications in medicine. Recently developed mass spectrometry-based pipelines are transforming PNP discovery into a high-throughput technology. However, the current computational methods for PNP identification via database search of mass spectra are still in their infancy and could be substantially improved.

Results
Here we present NPS, a statistical learning-based approach for scoring PNP–spectrum matches. We incorporated NPS into two leading PNP discovery tools and benchmarked them on millions of natural product mass spectra. The results demonstrate more than 45% increase in the number of identified spectra and 20% more found PNPs at a false discovery rate of 1%.

Availability and implementation
NPS is available as a command line tool and as a web application at http://cab.spbu.ru/software/NPS.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Abnormal Left-Hemispheric Sulcal Patterns Correlate with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Subjects with Single Ventricular Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Morton Sarah U , Maleyeff Lara , Wypij David , Yun Hyuk Jin , Newburger Jane W , Bellinger David C , Roberts Amy E , Rivkin Michael J , Seidman J G , Seidman Christine E , Grant P Ellen , Im Kiho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNeurodevelopmental abnormalities are the most common noncardiac complications in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Prenatal brain abnormalities may be due to reduced oxygenation, genetic factors, or less commonly, teratogens. Understanding the contribution of these factors is essential to improve outcomes. Because primary sulcal patterns are prenatally determined and under strong genetic control, we hypothesized that they are influenced by genetic variants in CHD. In this study, we reveal significant alterations in sulcal patterns among subjects with single ventricle CHD (n = 115, 14.7 ± 2.9 years [mean ± standard deviation]) compared with controls (n = 45, 15.5 ± 2.4 years) using a graph-based pattern-analysis technique. Among patients with CHD, the left hemisphere demonstrated decreased sulcal pattern similarity to controls in the left temporal and parietal lobes, as well as the bilateral frontal lobes. Temporal and parietal lobes demonstrated an abnormally asymmetric left–right pattern of sulcal basin area in CHD subjects. Sulcal pattern similarity to control was positively correlated with working memory, processing speed, and executive function. Exome analysis identified damaging de novo variants only in CHD subjects with more atypical sulcal patterns. Together, these findings suggest that sulcal pattern analysis may be useful in characterizing genetically influenced, atypical early brain development and neurodevelopmental risk in subjects with CHD.
The Predictive Performance of a Pneumonia Severity Score in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–negative Children Presenting to Hospital in 7 Low- and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Gallagher Katherine E , Knoll Maria D , Prosperi Chrissy , Baggett Henry C , Brooks W Abdullah , Feikin Daniel R , Hammitt Laura L , Howie Stephen R C , Kotloff Karen L , Levine Orin S , Madhi Shabir A , Murdoch David R , O’Brien Katherine L , Thea Donald M , Awori Juliet O , Baillie Vicky L , Ebruke Bernard E , Goswami Doli , Kamau Alice , Maloney Susan A , Moore David P , Mwananyanda Lawrence , Olutunde Emmanuel O , Seidenberg Phil , Sissoko Seydou , Sylla Mamadou , Thamthitiwat Somsak , Zaman Khalequ , Scott J Anthony G 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
In 2015, pneumonia remained the leading cause of mortality in children aged 1–59 months.

Methods
Data from 1802 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–negative children aged 1–59 months enrolled in the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study with severe or very severe pneumonia during 2011–2014 were used to build a parsimonious multivariable model predicting mortality using backwards stepwise logistic regression. The PERCH severity score, derived from model coefficients, was validated on a second, temporally discrete dataset of a further 1819 cases and compared to other available scores using the C statistic.

Results
Predictors of mortality, across 7 low- and middle-income countries, were age &lt;1 year, female sex, ≥3 days of illness prior to presentation to hospital, low weight for height, unresponsiveness, deep breathing, hypoxemia, grunting, and the absence of cough. The model discriminated well between those who died and those who survived (C statistic = 0.84), but the predictive capacity of the PERCH 5-stratum score derived from the coefficients was moderate (C statistic = 0.76). The performance of the Respiratory Index of Severity in Children score was similar (C statistic = 0.76). The number of World Health Organization (WHO) danger signs demonstrated the highest discrimination (C statistic = 0.82; 1.5% died if no danger signs, 10% if 1 danger sign, and 33% if ≥2 danger signs).

Conclusions
The PERCH severity score could be used to interpret geographic variations in pneumonia mortality and etiology. The number of WHO danger signs on presentation to hospital could be the most useful of the currently available tools to aid clinical management of pneumonia.
Positive Bicultural Identity Development Curriculum: A Pilot Evaluation
Authors: Bishop Margaret , Melamed Galina , Stone Susan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Although a large body of research demonstrates a positive relationship between bicultural identity integration (BII) (that is, having a harmonious and blended bicultural identity) and psychosocial functioning, much less research focuses on approaches to promote this integration, particularly among early adolescents. This study describes the Positive Bicultural Identity Development Curriculum developed for middle school students ranging in age from 12 through 14 and presents results of a pilot evaluation. Between pre- and post-curriculum, the seven participants reported increased BII, and facilitator ratings showed increases in bicultural identity certainty. Post-curriculum facilitator ratings also indicated bicultural identity growth. Parents or guardians and teachers perceived similar changes in participants. This study provides initial support for the utility of the intervention and its promise for more rigorous evaluation.
A School-Based Mental Health Counseling Intervention with Students in Title I Elementary Schools
Authors: Lambie Glenn W , Solomon Coralis , Joe J Richelle , Kelchner Viki P , Perleoni Mary K 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of a school-based mental health counseling intervention (SBMHCI) on elementary school students’ (N = 49) behavioral and emotional problems and school attendance at two Title I elementary schools. The study used a single-group, pretest–posttest design to examine change in the participants’ scores after participating in the five-week SBMHCI. The results identified that participants’ internalizing and total problem scores exhibited significant improvement over time, per parent report. In addition, participants’ school attendance significantly improved over time, from the previous academic year, following the SBMHCI.
School Utilization of Spouse Perspectives on Military Parental Absence for Program Planning
Authors: Culler Erica , Moeller Jeremy , Runion Megan , Perkins Kyle , Morgan Nicole , Aronson Keith R , Perkins Daniel F , Dailey-Perkins Jennifer , Embler Sandra 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The negative effects of military work-related parental absences on military families and military children in particular have been detailed in the literature. Family adjustment to increased stress during deployment is influenced by the family’s perceptions of the stressors. In the study reported in this article, military spouses (N = 79) were interviewed so researchers could gain an understanding of the spouses’ perceptions of the effects (for example, concerns, unmet needs) of military work-related parental absences on the overall family system and could identify contextual risk and protective factors that contribute to the well-being of children in military families. Results are presented as percentages of spouses’ theme responses and exemplary quotes. Unmet needs included individual child counseling, parental-absence support programs, age-specific programming for children, child care needs, availability of parenting programs, lack of awareness of programs for students and parents, and supports for exceptional family members. Recommendations for schools to meet these unmet needs are provided following a tiered support framework to better support military families during parental absences.
A case of repetitive myocardial infarction with unobstructed coronaries due to Churg–Strauss syndrome
Authors: Gue Ying X , Prasad Sanjay , Isenberg David , Gorog Diana A 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial infarction is most commonly caused by thrombosis occurring on a background of coronary atherosclerosis, resulting in reduced coronary flow. Less often, myocardial infarction can occur in the absence of coronary disease. The pathomechanism of myocardial infarction in such patients is heterogeneous and more challenging to diagnose and treat. European Society of Cardiology published a position paper on myocardial infarction in patients with non-obstructive coronary disease, with definitions and recommendations for investigations, in what has hitherto been an under-recognized and under-investigated Cinderella-like condition. However, the importance of obtaining a diagnosis is all the more important, since one treatment approach with revascularization and antithrombotic treatment does not ‘fit all’.Case summaryA 70-year-old male patient presented with chest pain at rest, associated with rise in troponin and without ECG changes. A diagnosis of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was made. Coronary angiography showed a smooth stenosis which resolved with administration of intracoronary nitrate. A diagnosis of coronary artery spasm was made, and treatment initiated. After 18 months, the patient had recurrent chest pains at rest, unresponsive to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Cardiac magnetic resonance revealed extension of subendocardial infarction, without inducible ischaemia. CT coronary angiogram (CTCA) showed non-obstructive coronaries. Blood tests showed significant eosinophilia, raised troponin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) that fluctuated without correlation with symptoms or any ECG changes. A diagnosis of Churg–Strauss syndrome was made, and immunosuppression commenced.DiscussionChurg–Strauss syndrome is an autoimmune vasculitis in patients with history of atopy or late-onset asthma which when involving coronary arteries can lead to myocardial injury mimicking acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Identification is important to allow initiation of immunosuppression which can prevent development or progression.
A case report of dipyridamole stress-induced ST depression progressing to ST-elevation myocardial infarction despite intravenous aminophylline: steal, spasm, or something else?
Authors: Li Ki Fung Cliff , Ho Hee Hwa , Yew Min Sen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Dipyridamole stress is commonly used for myocardial perfusion imaging and is generally safe. Myocardial ischaemia can occasionally occur and is classically thought to be due to coronary steal as a result of redistribution of flow away from collateral dependent myocardium. Although ischaemia more commonly presents as electrocardiographic (ECG) ST depression and angina, ST-elevation myocardial infarction may occur as a very rare complication.

Case summary
We report a case of a patient who developed chest pain and ST depression during dipyridamole infusion. The pain persisted despite intravenous aminophylline with new inferior ST elevation soon after. Coronary angiography showed subtotal right coronary artery occlusion with no collateral supply. The symptoms and ECG changes resolved after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Discussion
Coronary steal may not fully account for our patient’s presentation given the failure of aminophylline and absent angiographic collaterals. Vasospasm may be triggered by dipyridamole and can directly cause ischaemia or provoke rupture of an unstable plaque. Augmentation of cardiac energetics during vasodilator stress may also play a role.
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in previously undiagnosed patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia resuscitated from sudden cardiac arrest
Authors: van der Werf Christian , Lieve Krystien V , Bos J Martijn , Lane Conor M , Denjoy Isabelle , Roses-Noguer Ferran , Aiba Takeshi , Wada Yuko , Ingles Jodie , Leren Ida S , Rudic Boris , Schwartz Peter J , Maltret Alice , Sacher Frederic , Skinner Jonathan R , Krahn Andrew D , Roston Thomas M , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Swan Heikki , Robyns Tomas , Ohno Seiko , Roberts Jason D , van den Berg Maarten P , Kammeraad Janneke A , Probst Vincent , Kannankeril Prince J , Blom Nico A , Behr Elijah R , Borggrefe Martin , Haugaa Kristina H , Semsarian Christopher , Horie Minoru , Shimizu Wataru , Till Janice A , Leenhardt Antoine , Ackerman Michael J , Wilde Arthur A 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
In patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shocks are sometimes ineffective and may even trigger fatal electrical storms. We assessed the efficacy and complications of ICDs placed in patients with CPVT who presented with a sentinel event of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) while undiagnosed and therefore untreated.

Methods and results
We analysed 136 patients who presented with SCA and in whom CPVT was diagnosed subsequently, leading to the initiation of guideline-directed therapy, including β-blockers, flecainide, and/or left cardiac sympathetic denervation. An ICD was implanted in 79 patients (58.1%). The primary outcome of the study was sudden cardiac death (SCD). The secondary outcomes were composite outcomes of SCD, SCA, appropriate ICD shocks, and syncope. After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, SCD had occurred in three patients (3.8%) with an ICD and none of the patients without an ICD (P = 0.1). SCD, SCA, or appropriate ICD shocks occurred in 37 patients (46.8%) with an ICD and 9 patients (15.8%) without an ICD (P &lt; 0.0001). Inappropriate ICD shocks occurred in 19 patients (24.7%) and other device-related complications in 22 patients (28.9%).

Conclusion
In previously undiagnosed patients with CPVT who presented with SCA, an ICD was not associated with improved survival. Instead, the ICD was associated with both a high rate of appropriate ICD shocks and inappropriate ICD shocks along with other device-related complications. Strict adherence to guideline-directed therapy without an ICD may provide adequate protection in these patients without all the potential disadvantages of an ICD.
Incidence and predictors of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy and its complications in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation patients
Authors: Blom Lennart J , Visser Marloes , Christiaans Imke , Scholten Marcoen F , Bootsma Marianne , van den Berg Maarten P , Yap Sing-Chien , van der Heijden Jeroen F , Doevendans Pieter A , Loh Peter , Postema Pieter G , Barge-Schaapsveld Daniela Q , Hofman Nynke , Volders Paul G A , Wilde Arthur A , Hassink Rutger J 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsIdiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) is a rare cause of sudden cardiac arrest. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation is currently the only treatment option. Limited data are available on the prevalence and complications of ICD therapy in these patients. We sought to investigate ICD therapy and its complications in patients with IVF.Methods and resultsPatients were selected from a national registry of IVF patients. Patients in whom no underlying diagnosis was found during follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Recurrence of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) was derived from medical and ICD records, electrogram records of ICD therapies were used to differentiate between appropriate or inappropriate interventions. Independent predictors for appropriate ICD shock were calculated using cox regression. In 217 IVF patients, recurrence of sustained VAs occurred in 66 patients (30%) during a median follow-up period of 6.1 years. Ten patients died (4.6%). Thirty-eight patients (17.5%) experienced inappropriate ICD therapy, and 32 patients (14.7%) had device-related complications. Symptoms before cardiac arrest [hazard ratio (HR): 2.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.48–4.24], signs of conduction disease (HR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.15–4.47), and carrier of the DPP6 risk haplotype (HR: 3.24, 1.70–6.17) were identified as independent predictors of appropriate shock occurrence.ConclusionImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy is an effective treatment in IVF, treating recurrences of potentially lethal VAs in approximately one-third of patients during long-term follow-up. However, device-related complications and inappropriate shocks were also frequent. We found significant predictors for appropriate ICD therapy. This may imply that these patients require additional management to prevent recurrent events.
A new air PM2.5 filtrative lamp with a combination of fabric filter and TiO2 coating mop
Authors: Wongwatcharapaiboon Jitiporn , Gan Guohui , Riffat Saffa B 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Air particle cleaning in developing countries in Southeast Asia has become important especially regarding local respiratory health. One of possible solutions is air filtration which is normally used but at high cost. Therefore, this study aims to develop low cost air PM2.5 filtration using integrated lamp, and then investigate filtration performance of adaptive lamp. The integration of fabric filter and floor lamp is designed with fan unit driving force, and then photocatalytic process is applied for increasing air purificative performance. Tests are set in 2.5 m width × 2.5 m length × 2.5 m height bedroom within three regimes: (A) existing filter, (B) integrating fabric filter lamp and (C) adapting TiO2 fiber mop to filter lamp. Based on EPA standard, no regime examined exceeds NAAQs at 35 μg/m3, while regime C with fan speed 2 m/s shows the best performance of air purification. Then the MERV level of filtrative lamp demonstrates MERV15 and MERV16 to identify regime B lamp with 3 m/s fan speed and C lamp with 2 m/s fan speed respectively.
Dual and Triple Infections With Influenza A and B Viruses: A Case-Control Study in Southern Brazil
Authors: Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Varella Ivana R Santos , Fisch Patricia , Martins Letícia Garay , Veiga Ana B G 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Influenza surveillance is important for disease control and should consider possible coinfection with different viruses, which can be associated with disease severity. This study analyzed 34 459 patients with respiratory infection from 2009 to 2018, of whom 8011 were positive for influenza A virus (IAV) or influenza B virus (IBV). We found 18 cases of dual influenza virus infection, including coinfection with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) and influenza A(H3N2) virus (1 case), A(H1N1)pdm09 and IBV (6 cases), A(H3N2) and IBV (8 cases), and nonsubtyped IAV and IBV (3 cases); and 1 case of triple infection with A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and IBV. Compared with 76 monoinfected patients, coinfection was significantly associated with cardiopathy and death. Besides demographic characteristics and clinical symptoms, we assessed vaccination status, antiviral treatment, timeliness of antiviral use, hospitalization, and intensive care unit admission, but no significant differences were found between coinfected and monoinfected cases. Our findings indicate that influenza virus coinfection occurs more often than previously reported and that it can lead to a worse disease outcome.