bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel measurement strategy to evaluate the human head as a transition medium for inductive ear-to-ear communication
Authors: Edelmann Jan-Christoph , Mair Dominik , Ussmueller Thomas 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This manuscript introduces a novel concept for measuring coil coupling for extremely loose-coupled coils (coupling factors k<10−6; mutual inductance values M<10−10 H). Such a coupling is found everywhere where the ratio of solenoid diameter to coil spacing is >50. Measuring these quantities with a low-power technology requires a sophisticated setup that goes beyond the sensitivity of state-of-the art approaches. The methodology is validated using laboratory measurements with three sets of solenoids (two ferrite-cored, one air-cored) and numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2a, Stockholm, Sweden. The concept is then employed to investigate the channel characteristics for inductive through-the-head communication within the 3.155–3.195 MHz band. This selected part of the spectrum is in accordance with International Telecommunication Union Radio Regulation 5.116 for low-power wireless hearing aids. By applying a phantom solution, we demonstrate that human tissue layers are transparent for magnetic fields within these frequencies. However, the influence from the relative coil arrangement is evaluated in detail as it restricts the communication range significantly. The coupling results for off-the-shelf Sonion, Roskilde, Denmark, RF 02 AA 10 solenoids considering both lateral and axial displacements might be of special interest for a number of near-field applications.
Modification of Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit by Isothermal Reactors to Decrease Sulfur Contaminant Emission: Process Modeling and Optimization
Authors: Ghahraloud H. , Farsi M. , Rahimpour M.R. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Due to environmental limitations and issues, the main goal of this research is modification of conventional Claus sulfur recovery process to decreases sulfur contaminant emission. In this regard, two environmentally friendly alternatives are proposed based on the isothermal concept in reactors. Since Claus reaction is exothermic and reversible, the adiabatic fixed bed reactors in the catalytic section of Claus process are substituted by the isothermal reactors. The furnace and catalytic reactors are modeled based on the mass and energy conservation laws at steady state condition. To prove accuracy of the developed model, the simulation results of conventional process are compared with the available plant data. Then, the optimal condition of modified processes are calculated considering sulfur recovery as the objective function using the Genetic algorithm as a useful method in global optimization. The attainable decision variables are inlet temperature of furnace and reactors, coolant temperature, feed split fraction and air flow rate in the furnace. The simulation results show that H2S conversion in the proposed cases increases about 1.87 % and 1.78 % compared to the conventional process. Generally, the main advantages of proposed structures are higher sulfur recovery and lower sulfur contaminant emission such as COS and CS2 emission.
Predual spaces of generalized grand Morrey spaces over non-doubling measure spaces
Authors: Sawano Yoshihiro , Shimomura Tetsu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The predual spaces
of generalized grand Morrey spaces
over non-doubling measure spaces are investigated.
The case of the grand Lebesgue spaces is covered,
which is also new.
An example shows
that the modification of Morrey spaces is essential.
Sexualidade e saúde mental: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Maidana Júnior João Nunes , Viana Diogo da Rosa , Siniak Débora Schlotefeldt , Lipinski Jussara Mendes 
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: conhecer a produção científica brasileira acerca da sexualidade de pessoas com transtornos mentais. Métodos: revisão integrativa realizada através de uma busca das produções científicas dos últimos dez anos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, no período de janeiro a março de 2016. Foram obtidos 1.721 artigos e após a seleção foram incluídos seis estudos.Resultados: agrupou-se os resultados em duas principais categorias. Com relação à visão dos profissionais foi observada a fragilidade das equipes de saúde para lidarem com questões relacionadas à sexualidade das pessoas com transtorno mental. Além disso, notou-se a presença de preconceitos, tabus e a negação da existência da sexualidade não patológica nestas pessoas. Considerações Finais: considera-se imprescindível a sensibilização dos profissionais, para que as pessoas com transtornos mentais assumam o protagonismo da própria vida e vivam sua sexualidade.
Temporal Dynamics and Response Modulation across the Human Visual System in a Spatial Attention Task: An ECoG Study
Authors: Martin Anne B. , Yang Xiaofang , Saalmann Yuri B. , Wang Liang , Shestyuk Avgusta , Lin Jack J. , Parvizi Josef , Knight Robert T. , Kastner Sabine 
Published: November 2018

The selection of behaviorally relevant information from cluttered visual scenes (often referred to as “attention”) is mediated by a cortical large-scale network consisting of areas in occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal cortex that is organized into a functional hierarchy of feedforward and feedback pathways. In the human brain, little is known about the temporal dynamics of attentional processing from studies at the mesoscopic level of electrocorticography (ECoG), that combines millisecond temporal resolution with precise anatomical localization of recording sites. We analyzed high-frequency broadband responses (HFB) responses from 626 electrodes implanted in 8 epilepsy patients who performed a spatial attention task. Electrode locations were reconstructed using a probabilistic atlas of the human visual system. HFB responses showed high spatial selectivity and tuning, constituting ECoG response fields (RFs), within and outside the topographic visual system. In accordance with monkey physiology studies, both RF widths and onset latencies increased systematically across the visual processing hierarchy. We used the spatial specificity of HFB responses to quantitatively study spatial attention effects and their temporal dynamics to probe a hierarchical top-down model suggesting that feedback signals back propagate the visual processing hierarchy. Consistent with such a model, the strengths of attentional modulation were found to be greater and modulation latencies to be shorter in posterior parietal cortex, middle temporal cortex and ventral extrastriate cortex compared with early visual cortex. However, inconsistent with such a model, attention effects were weaker and more delayed in anterior parietal and frontal cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn the human brain, visual attention has been predominantly studied using methods with high spatial, but poor temporal resolution such as fMRI, or high temporal, but poor spatial resolution such as EEG/MEG. Here, we investigate temporal dynamics and attention effects across the human visual system at a mesoscopic level that combines precise spatial and temporal measurements by using electrocorticography in epilepsy patients performing a classical spatial attention task. Electrode locations were reconstructed using a probabilistic atlas of the human visual system, thereby relating them to topography and processing hierarchy. We demonstrate regional differences in temporal dynamics across the attention network. Our findings do not fully support a top-down model that promotes influences on visual cortex by reversing the processing hierarchy.
Electrical Stimulation Over Human Posterior Parietal Cortex Selectively Enhances the Capacity of Visual Short-Term Memory
Authors: Wang Sisi , Itthipuripat Sirawaj , Ku Yixuan 
Published: November 2018

Visual short-term memory (VSTM) provides an on-line mental space for incoming sensory information to be temporally maintained to carry out complex behavioral tasks. Despite its essential functions, the capacity at which VSTM could maintain sensory information is limited (i.e., VSTM can hold only about three to four visual items at once). Moreover, the quality of sensory representation (i.e., precision) degrades as more information has to be maintained in VSTM. Correlational evidence suggests that the level and the pattern of neural activity measured in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) track both VSTM capacity and precision. However, the causal contributions of the PPC to these different VSTM operations are unclear. Here, we tested whether stimulating the PPC with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could increase VSTM capacity or precision. We found that stimulating the PPC in male and female human participants selectively enhanced VSTM capacity when the number of memory items exceeded capacity limit, without significant effects on VSTM precision. Moreover, this enhancement of VSTM capacity is region specific as stimulating the prefrontal cortex did not change VSTM capacity or precision. Null stimulation effects in the sensory memory condition confirmed that the tDCS-induced enhancement of VSTM capacity was not simply due to changes in sensory or attentional processes. Altogether, these results provide causal evidence suggesting that the PPC has a more dominant role in supporting the storage capacity of VSTM compared with maintaining the quality of sensory representations. Furthermore, tDCS could be used as a promising noninvasive method to enhance this PPC VSTM-related function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCorrelational evidence from neuroimaging and electrophysiology suggests that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) supports the storage capacity of visual short-term memory (VSTM) and the precision of sensory representations maintained in VSTM. However, the causal contributions of the PPC to these different VSTM functions were unclear. Here, we found that electrical stimulation over the PPC selectively enhanced VSTM capacity without changing VSTM precision. Overall, our findings suggest that the PPC has a dominant and causal role in supporting the storage capacity of VSTM.
Apo-Opsin Exists in Equilibrium Between a Predominant Inactive and a Rare Highly Active State
Authors: Sato Shinya , Jastrzebska Beata , Engel Andreas , Palczewski Krzysztof , Kefalov Vladimir J. 
Published: November 2018

Bleaching adaptation in rod photoreceptors is mediated by apo-opsin, which activates phototransduction with effective activity 105- to 106-fold lower than that of photoactivated rhodopsin (meta II). However, the mechanism that produces such low opsin activity is unknown. To address this question, we sought to record single opsin responses in mouse rods. We used mutant mice lacking efficient calcium feedback to boosts rod responses and generated a small fraction of opsin by photobleaching ∼1% of rhodopsin. The bleach produced a dramatic increase in the frequency of discrete photoresponse-like events. This activity persisted for hours, was quenched by 11-cis-retinal, and was blocked by uncoupling opsin from phototransduction, all indicating opsin as its source. Opsin-driven discrete activity was also observed in rods containing non-activatable rhodopsin, ruling out transactivation of rhodopsin by opsin. We conclude that bleaching adaptation is mediated by opsin that exists in equilibrium between a predominant inactive and a rare meta II-like state.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTElectrophysiological analysis is used to show that the G-protein-coupled receptor opsin exists in equilibrium between a predominant inactive and a rare highly active state that mediates bleaching adaptation in photoreceptors.
Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors on Rod Pathway Amacrine Cells: Molecular Composition, Activation, and Signaling
Authors: Veruki Margaret L. , Zhou Yifan , Castilho Áurea , Morgans Catherine W. , Hartveit Espen 
Published: November 2018

In the rod pathway of the mammalian retina, axon terminals of glutamatergic rod bipolar cells are presynaptic to AII and A17 amacrine cells in the inner plexiform layer. Recent evidence suggests that both amacrines express NMDA receptors, raising questions concerning molecular composition, localization, activation, and function of these receptors. Using dual patch-clamp recording from synaptically connected rod bipolar and AII or A17 amacrine cells in retinal slices from female rats, we found no evidence that NMDA receptors contribute to postsynaptic currents evoked in either amacrine. Instead, NMDA receptors on both amacrine cells were activated by ambient glutamate, and blocking glutamate uptake increased their level of activation. NMDA receptor activation also increased the frequency of GABAergic postsynaptic currents in rod bipolar cells, suggesting that NMDA receptors can drive release of GABA from A17 amacrines. A striking dichotomy was revealed by pharmacological and immunolabeling experiments, which found GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors on AII amacrines and GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors on A17 amacrines. Immunolabeling also revealed a clustered organization of NMDA receptors on both amacrines and a close spatial association between GluN2B subunits and connexin 36 on AII amacrines, suggesting that NMDA receptor modulation of gap junction coupling between these cells involves the GluN2B subunit. Using multiphoton Ca2+imaging, we verified that activation of NMDA receptors evoked an increase of intracellular Ca2+in dendrites of both amacrines. Our results suggest that AII and A17 amacrines express clustered, extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, with different and complementary subunits that are likely to contribute differentially to signal processing and plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGlutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS, but not all glutamate receptors transmit fast excitatory signals at synapses. NMDA-type glutamate receptors act as voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels, with functional properties determined by their specific subunit composition. These receptors can be found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites on neurons, but the role of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that retinal AII and A17 amacrine cells, postsynaptic partners at rod bipolar dyad synapses, express extrasynaptic (but not synaptic) NMDA receptors, with different and complementary GluN2 subunits. The localization of GluN2A-containing receptors to A17s and GluN2B-containing receptors to AIIs suggests a mechanism for differential modulation of excitability and signaling in this retinal microcircuit.
Nociceptor Translational Profiling Reveals the Ragulator-Rag GTPase Complex as a Critical Generator of Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Megat Salim , Ray Pradipta R. , Moy Jamie K. , Lou Tzu-Fang , Barragán-Iglesias Paulino , Li Yan , Pradhan Grishma , Wanghzou Andi , Ahmad Ayesha , Burton Michael D. , North Robert Y. , Dougherty Patrick M. , Khoutorsky Arkady , Sonenberg Nahum , Webster Kevin R. , Dussor Gregory , Campbell Zachary T. , Price Theodore J. 
Published: November 2018

Nociceptors, sensory neurons in the DRG that detect damaging or potentially damaging stimuli, are key drivers of neuropathic pain. Injury to these neurons causes activation of translation regulation signaling, including the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting kinase (MNK) eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E pathways. This is a mechanism driving changes in excitability of nociceptors that is critical for the generation of chronic pain states; however, the mRNAs that are translated to lead to this plasticity have not been elucidated. To address this gap in knowledge, we used translating ribosome affinity purification in male and female mice to comprehensively characterize mRNA translation inScn10a-positive nociceptors in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN) caused by paclitaxel treatment. This unbiased method creates a new resource for the field, confirms many findings in the CIPN literature and also find extensive evidence for new target mechanisms that may cause CIPN. We provide evidence that an underlying mechanism of CIPN is sustained mTORC1 activation driven by MNK1-eIF4E signaling. RagA, a GTPase controlling mTORC1 activity, is identified as a novel target of MNK1-eIF4E signaling. This demonstrates a novel translation regulation signaling circuit wherein MNK1-eIF4E activity drives mTORC1 via control of RagA translation. CIPN and RagA translation are strongly attenuated by genetic ablation of eIF4E phosphorylation, MNK1 elimination or treatment with the MNK inhibitor eFT508. We identify a novel translational circuit for the genesis of neuropathic pain caused by chemotherapy with important implications for therapeutics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuropathic pain affects up to 10% of the population, but its underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, leading to poor treatment outcomes. We used translating ribosome affinity purification technology to create a comprehensive translational profile of DRG nociceptors in naive mice and at the peak of neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel treatment. We reveal new insight into how mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 is activated in neuropathic pain pointing to a key role of MNK1-eIF4E-mediated translation of a complex of mRNAs that control mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling at the surface of the lysosome. We validate this finding using genetic and pharmacological techniques. Our work strongly suggests that MNK1-eIF4E signaling drives CIPN and that a drug in human clinical trials, eFT508, may be a new therapeutic for neuropathic pain.
Positive solutions for a system of fractional differential equations with p-Laplacian operator and multi-point boundary conditions
Authors: Luca Rodica 
Published: November 2018

We investigate the existence and nonexistence of positive solutions for a system of nonlinear Riemann–Liouville fractional differential equations with parameters and p-Laplacian operator subject to multi-point boundary conditions, which contain fractional derivatives. The proof of our main existence results is based on the Guo–Krasnosel'skii fixed-point theorem.
Study of Cloisonné enamel glaze of decorative components from Fuwangge in the Forbidden City by means of LA-ICP-MS and micro-Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Duan Hongying , Qu Liang , Cheng Xiaolin , Su Yan , Shen Aiguo , Wang Shiwei 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTTwo Cloisonné enamel architectural components from Fuwangge in the Forbidden City that were produced from Yangzhou (one production center) in Qing Dynasty (1616-1911 A.D.) were chosen and analyzed. A combination of Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and micro-Raman spectroscopy was successfully used to analyze eight colors in enamel glazes (yellow, white, pink, turquoise, yellow green, deep blue, red and deep green). Chemical composition results reveal that the enamel glaze matrix belongs to lead-potash-lime glass (PbO-K2O-CaO-SiO2). Based on Raman spectroscopy, lead-tin yellow types II, cassiterite, lead arsenate, fluorite and hematite were found as opacifiers and/or colorants. In addition, a detailed discussion of raw materials, such as fluorite and borax, might provide valuable information to trace manufacturing technology and provenance.
Nadir Görülen Bir Akut Karın Sebebi: Gezici Dalak Torsiyonu
Authors: TAŞCI HALİL İBRAHİM 
Published: November 2018

Gezici dalak, dalağın peritoneal
bağlarındaki gevşeklik nedeniyle normal yeri dışında bulunması şeklinde görülen
nadir bir durumdur. Hastaların çoğu
asemptomatiktirler. Bu yüzden çoğunlukla tanı başka bir sebeple yapılan karın ameliyatı
esnasında konulsa da nadiren hastalar akut karın tablosu ile de acile başvurabilirler.
Bu olgu sunumunda uzun zamandır olan müphem
sol alt kadran ağrısının iki gündür belirginleşmesi ile acile başvuran 26
yaşında kadın hasta takdim edilmiştir. Ameliyat öncesi yapılan tomografide sol
alt kadranda tamamına yakını iskemik hal alan dalak ile uyumlu görünüm saptanan
hasta acil şartlarda ameliyat edilmiş ve splenektomi yapılmıştır. Şikayetleri düzelen
hasta ameliyat sonrası 3. gün sorunsuz şekilde taburcu edilmiştir.

Karında
kitle palpe edilen, kronik tekrarlayıcı karın ağrısı olan hastalarda gezici
dalak, özellikle akut karın tablosu ile
başvuranlarda ise gezici dalak torsiyonu olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır. Dalak
enfarktı gelişmemiş olan ve özellikle genç yaştaki vakalarda dalak koruyucu
yöntemler tercih edilmelidir.
The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Anthropometric Indices among 2-5 Year Old Children in Tehran
Authors: Razmpoosh Elham , Khosravi Hadiseh , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh 
Published: November 2018

Background: Malnutrition in children including lower nutrient intakes or high density food intakes is of recent world concerns; therefore, determining a simple index that reveals the diet adequacy might be an advantage. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 233 children aged 2-5 years old. A 24-hour dietary questionnaire was used to calculate mean adequacy ratio (MAR), naturally nutrient rich (NNR) and energy density (ED) via related formula. Results: A significant negative trend was observed for the relationship between the MAR and the Z-score of height for age. Significant positive relations were observed between the Z-score of body mass index (BMI) for age and the Z-score of weight for height as well as the Z-score of weight for age and the Z-score of height for age. In contrast, a significant negative correlation was between the energy density and MAR (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the Z-score based on the NNR, MAR and ED, these three indices might be widely used to determine the adequacy of food intakes especially among children.
The Scalable Image Retrieval Systems and Applications
Authors: Pillay Karan Ravindran , Khadilkar Omkar Upendra 
Published: November 2018

Advances in information storage and image acquisition technologies have enabled the creation of enormous image datasets. during this situation, it's necessary to develop applicable data systems to with efficiency manage these collections. the most typical approaches use the supposed Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems. Basically, these systems attempt to retrieve pictures like a user-defined specification or pattern (e.g., form sketch, image example). Their goal is to support image retrieval supported content properties (e.g., shape, color, texture), typically encoded into feature vectors. one among the most benefits of the CBIR approach is that the chance of AN automatic retrieval method, rather than the standard keyword-based approach, thattypically needs terribly toilsome and long previous annotation of info pictures. The CBIR technology has been utilized in many applications like fingerprint identification, variety data systems, digital libraries, crime bar, medicine, historical analysis, among others.