bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Learning and Decision Making Under Generalized Linear Model with High-Dimensional Data
Authors: Wang Xue , Wei Mike Mingcheng , Yao Tao 
Published: November 2024

We propose a minimax concave penalized multiarmed bandit algorithm under the generalized linear model (G-MCP-Bandit) for decision-makers facing high-dimensional data in an online learning and decision-making environment. We demonstrate that in the data-rich regime, the G-MCP-Bandit algorithm attains the optimal cumulative regret in the sample size dimension and a tight bound in the covariate dimension and the significant covariate dimension. In the data-poor regime, the G-MCP-Bandit algorithm maintains a tight regret upper bound. In addition, we develop a local linear approximation method, the two-step weighted Lasso procedure, to identify the minimax concave penalty (MCP) estimator for the G-MCP-Bandit algorithm when samples are not independent and identically distributed. Under this procedure, the MCP estimator can match the oracle estimator with high probability and converge to the true parameters at the optimal convergence rate. Finally, through experiments based on both synthetic and real data sets, we show that the G-MCP-Bandit algorithm outperforms other benchmarking algorithms in terms of cumulative regret and that the benefits of the G-MCP-Bandit algorithm increase in the data’s sparsity level and the size of the decision set. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, big data analytics. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [Grants W2441021, 72371172, 72342023, and 71929101] and the National Science Foundation (NSF) [Grant DMS 1820702]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01557 .
A review of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
Authors: McCormick Zachary JJ , Crane Hannah , Brierley Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a rare, but relentless, form of leukoplakia, with a high recurrence rate and a tendency to become malignant, either as an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or verrucous carcinoma (VC). Its aetiology is mainly unknown, and there is uncertainty around its management owing to its resistance to most treatments with a high rate of recurrence. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Understanding PVL is key to making prompt diagnosis and referral for improved outcome of treatment due to its high malignancy transformation rate.
Grey areas in restorative dentistry: part 1. what are the aims of treatment?
Authors: Caplin Robert L 
Published: November 2024

Every dental practitioner makes decisions about how to manage the various clinical and ethical challenges that patients present. There is a need to balance the demands of the patient with the ethical requirements of the profession and the moral position of the practitioner. It is essential to establish with the patient, before any treatment is carried out, what outcomes are required so that a mutually agreed care plan can be drawn up and acted upon. This article explores the clinical and moral and ethical challenges that can arise in the patient–practitioner relationship. CPD/Clinical Relevance: All practitioners will be faced with the issues raised in this article.
Inversion for offshore oil-water emulsion concentration based on a six-flux model of laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , He Zhenxue , Liang Fangfang , Dong Jie , Yu Kui , Xie Beibei , Hao Hu 
Published: November 2024

Oil-water emulsions, as one of the momentous weathering forms of the marine oil-spill, have caused more severe detriment to the marine environment. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is an extremely influential technique for monitoring spilled oil at sea. However, the evaluation of offshore oil-water emulsion concentration based on LIF detection technology has been rarely discussed. Simultaneously, a scientific low-flux model including fluorescence flux has not been established and applied to detect oil spill at sea. In view of this, a six-flux model of laser-induced fluorescence is proposed to invert the concentration of oil-water emulsions at sea. On the cornerstone of laser flux, fluorescence flux is introduced. Utilizing the absorption, scattering, and other characteristics of flux in the medium, differential equations of various flux are established, and the solution framework of the differential equations is afforded. Thereafter, a formula of the fluorescence radiation transfer factor of the oil-water emulsions and their concentration is derived. Furthermore, the validity and availability of the proposed model are proved by experiments. The experimental results reveal that the proposed model has high accuracy in inverting the concentrations for oil-water emulsions, and the average error is within 6%. Meanwhile, this model consumes a short time, not exceeding 60 s at most. Utilizing the model, the concentration of oil-water emulsions can be evaluated in real time.
Amplified spontaneous emission and photoresponse characteristics in highly defect tolerant CsPbCl
x
Br3−x
crystal
Authors: Su Longxing , Meng Bingheng , Li Heng , Yu Zhuo , Zhu Yuan , Chen Rui 
Published: November 2024

All inorganic perovskite CsPbX3 with excellent optical properties and a tunable bandgap is a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications, and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is normally reported in low-dimensional structures where the quantum confinement enhances ASE. Herein, we not only demonstrate the ASE in millimeter size CsPbCl
x
Br3−x crystal with a high defect concentration, but also tune the emission wavelength from the green band to blue band through the ion exchange of Br with Cl. The ASE centered at ∼456  nm is probed at 50 K with a threshold of 106  μJ/cm2. Furthermore, a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure CsPbCl
x
Br3−x photodetector is fabricated and shows a distinct response to lights from UV to the blue band; the response spectrum range is quite different from the narrow band (∼30  nm) response of the CsPbBr3 photodetector induced by a charge collection narrowing (CCN) mechanism. The CsPbCl
x
Br3−x photodetector also exhibits fast response speeds with a rise time of 96 μs and a decay time of 34 μs, indicating the defects have limited influence on the transportation speed of the photo-generated carriers.
Antimicrobial prescribing practices and factors associated with antimicrobial prescribing in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Oyo state: A retrospective study
Authors: Oladunni Amos Abimbola , Busayo Sina-Odunsi Ayomide , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Bamidele Rebecca Folasade , Bary Abila Derrick , Afolabi Oluwatoyin Elizabeth , Ahmadi Attaullah , Obaro Michael , Lucero-Prisno III Don Eliseo 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundProportion of hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving antimicrobial drug is significantly high despite evidence of low level of actual bacterial co-infection, potentially contributing to poor health outcome and global antimicrobial resistance.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was performed on antimicrobial agents prescribed to adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted across three isolation facilities between 1 March 2020 and 30 April 2021 in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. From individual records, we evaluated patient demographics, COVID-19 risk factors, diagnostic testing, disease severity and antimicrobial utilization. The primary aim was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial prescription as well as factors associated with antimicrobial prescribing in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Oyo state.ResultsIn total, 271 patients were included in this study. The median age of the population was 51 years (IQR; 32–62 years). The mean duration of hospital admission was 13 days (IQR: 10–14 days). Majority of participants were symptomatic (81.5%). All participants had a COVID-19 PCR test performed and none had bacterial culture performed. All patients received antimicrobial therapy across the entire cohort. The mean DOT per LOT across cohorts was 1.2 for mild cases, 1.4 for moderate cases and 1.3 for severe cases. Factors associated with the number of antimicrobials per prescription were being single (P = 0.02), being below 60 years of age (P = 0.04), mild COVID-19 symptoms (P < 0.001) and diabetes comorbidity (P = 0.03).ConclusionGiven the high rate of antimicrobial prescription and absence of bacteriological culture analysis in these patients, there is risk of development and spread of antimicrobial resistant. Continuous review of antimicrobial prescription is critical in the management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Modulation of neural networks and symptom correlated in fibromyalgia: A randomized double-blind multi-group explanatory clinical trial of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation
Authors: Lopes Alves Rael , Zortea Maxciel , Vicuña Serrano Paul , Laranjeira Vani dos Santos , Franceschini Tocchetto Betina , Ramalho Leticia , Fernanda da Silveira Alves Camila , Brugnera Tomedi Rafaela , Pereira de Almeida Rodrigo , Machado Bruck Samara , Medeiros Liciane , R. S. Sanches Paulo , P. Silva Danton , Torres Iraci L. S. , Fregni Felipe , Caumo Wolnei 
Published: November 2024

Background
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might modulate neural activity and promote neural plasticity in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). This multi-group randomized clinical trial compared home-based active tDCS (HB-a-tDCS) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC) or home-based sham tDCS (HB-s-tDCS), and HB-a-tDCS or HB-s-tDCS on the primary motor cortex (M1) in the connectivity analyses in eight regions of interest (ROIs) across eight resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) frequencies.

Methods
We included 48 women with FM, aged 30 to 65, randomly assigned to 2:1:2:1 to receive 20 sessions during 20 minutes of HB-a-tDCS 2mA or HB-s-tDCS, over l-DLPFC or M1, respectively. EEG recordings were obtained before and after treatment with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC).

Results
In the EC condition, comparing pre to post-treatment, the HB-a-tDCS on l-DLPFC decreased the lagged coherence connectivity in the delta frequency band between the right insula and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (t = -3.542, p = .048). The l-DLPFC HB-a-tDCS compared to HB-s-tDCS decreased the lagged coherence connectivity in the delta frequency band between the right insula and left ACC (t = -4.000, p = .017). In the EO condition, the l-DLPFC HB-a-tDCS compared to M1 HB-s-tDCS increased the lagged coherence connectivity between the l-DLPFC and left ACC in the theta band (t = -4.059, p = .048). Regression analysis demonstrated that the HB-a-tDCS effect on the l-DLPFC was positively correlated with sleep quality. On the other hand, the HB-a-tDCS on l-DLPFC and HB-s-tDCS on M1 were positively correlated with pain catastrophizing.

Conclusions
These results show that HB-a-tDCS affects the neural connectivity between parts of the brain that control pain’s emotional and attentional aspects, which are most noticeable at lower EEG frequencies in a rest state. This effect on neural oscillations could serve as a neural marker associated with its efficacy in alleviating fibromyalgia symptoms.

Clinical trial registration
identifier [NCT03843203].
Throbbing Gristle: An Endless Discontent, Ian Trowell (2023)
Authors: Loydell Rupert 
Published: November 2024

Review of: Throbbing Gristle: An Endless Discontent, Ian Trowell (2023)
Bristol: Intellect, 284 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78938-829-9, p/bk, £29.95
Educação de Jovens e Adultos em Escola do Campo
Authors: Campos Ana Claudia , Nascimento Cynthia Cristina , Rezende Maria Aparecida 
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os 25 anos de evolução da Educação do Campo no Brasil, destacando as raízes históricas, lutas e conquistas, ao mesmo tempo em que problematiza o lugar que as mulheres negras camponesas ocupam, ou não, na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), em salas anexas de uma escola do campo. Trata-se de estudantes, professoras da EJA e integrantes de um grupo de mulheres do cerrado. O estudo qualitativo foi realizado por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, entrevistas, rodas de conversas e pela vivência de uma das pesquisadoras, que cresceu nesse contexto. Os resultados mostraram docentes da EJA sobrecarregadas, enfrentando uma tripla jornada ao conciliar múltiplas funções escolares com outros trabalhos. Nota-se que ainda há resquícios da Educação Rural, todavia, a Educação do Campo se destaca por preparar para a vida, aliando educação e trabalho. A luta pela Educação do Campo converge com as demandas das mulheres negras camponesas na busca por emancipação, promoção da soberania, segurança alimentar e nutricional e preservação do cerrado. Por fim, a pesquisa sugere a necessidade de políticas públicas, incluindo formação docente que considere a realidade das mulheres negras camponesas, fortalecendo a EJA e a Educação do Campo no Brasil.
Strauss e o duplo propósito da educação liberal
Authors: Santos Claudio Cesar Carvalho 
Published: November 2024

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir o tema da educação liberal na obra de Leo Strauss. Tentaremos apresentar a posição do filósofo, a qual, a nosso ver, confere um duplo propósito à educação liberal. Primeiramente, o filósofo teuto-americano demonstra certo descontentamento com as sociedades de massa, as quais são caracterizadas pela baixa qualidade de suas produções artísticas e intelectuais. Nesse sentido, para Strauss, a educação liberal tem o propósito de remediar os problemas da sociedade de massa, estimulando qualidades como a dedicação e a concentração e tornando possível a constituição de uma “aristocracia dentro da democracia”. Por outro lado, Strauss define a filosofia como a educação do adulto, entendendo, ao mesmo tempo, a educação cavalheiresca como algo direcionado ao jovem, o que torna possível que está forma de educação possua até mesmo um caráter lúdico. Explorando essa linha de raciocínio, Strauss considera, então, que a educação liberal pode ser identificada como uma preparação para a filosofia.
Palavras-chave: Leo Strauss; Educação Liberal; Cultura de Massas
Strauss and the Dual Purpose of Liberal Education
Abstract: The present work aims to present and discuss the theme of liberal education in the work of Leo Strauss. We will attempt to present the philosopher's position, which, in our view, confers a dual purpose to liberal education. Firstly, the German-American philosopher expresses a certain discontent with mass societies, which are characterized by the low quality of their artistic and intellectual productions. In this sense, for Strauss, liberal education aims to remedy the problems of mass society by stimulating qualities such as dedication and concentration, thereby making possible the establishment of an "aristocracy within democracy". On the other hand, Strauss defines philosophy as the education of the adult, while also understanding chivalric education as something directed towards the young, which allows this form of education to even possess a playful character. Exploring this line of reasoning, Strauss considers, therefore, that liberal education can be identified as a preparation for philosophy.
Keywords: Leo Strauss; Liberal Education; Mass Culture

Data de registro: 24/02/2023
Data de aceite: 06/09/2023
Fibrolytic efficiency of the large intestine microbiota may benefit running speed in French trotters: A pilot study
Authors: Vasseur Maximilien , Lepers Romuald , Langevin Nicolas , Julliand Samy , Grimm Pauline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis pilot study sought to explore the contribution of the large intestine microbiota to energy metabolism and exercise performance through its ability to degrade fibers into short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). To investigate this, a correlational study was carried out on athlete horses under the same management conditions. Fecal microbiota diversity and composition, fibrolytic efficiency and SCFAs were analyzed. An incremental running test was carried out to estimate the maximal running speed (MRS) of the horses, and blood samples were taken to measure energy metabolism parameters. MRS was positively correlated with the efficiency of the fecal microbiota in degrading cellulose in vitro (r = 0.51; p = 0.02). The abundance of fibrolytic bacterial taxa was not associated with MRS, but functional inference analysis revealed a positive association between MRS and pathways potentially related to fibrolytic activity (r = 0.54; p = 0.07 and r = 0.56; p = 0.05 for butyrate metabolism and thiamine metabolism, respectively). In contrast, the metabolic pathway of starch degradation appeared negatively associated with MRS (r = −0.55; p = 0.06). The present findings suggest a potential contribution of the large intestine microbiota and dietary fibers digestion to exercise capacity in equine athletes.
Waiting for the Perfect Time: Perfectionistic Concerns Predict the Interpretation of Ambiguous Utterances About Time
Authors: Li Heng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Across numerous languages, individuals frequently employ two spatial perspectives – namely, the Moving Time and Moving Ego metaphors – to represent the movement of events in time. Specifically, the Moving Time perspective conceptualizes time as a dynamic entity that moves toward a stationary observer situated in a fixed location. In contrast, the Moving Ego metaphor positions the individual (the “ego”) as the one traversing through time, while time itself remains static. Previous research has established a positive association between procrastination and the adoption of the Moving Ego perspective. Drawing on findings that highlight the robust link between procrastination and perfectionistic concerns, we hypothesized that perfectionistic tendencies would correlate with a greater propensity to invoke an ego-moving representation of time. The present research tests this hypothesis and provides substantial support for this relationship. We demonstrate that a well-established measure of perfectionistic concerns is linked to an increased use of the Moving Ego perspective when interpreting ambiguous temporal utterances. Furthermore, this relationship is mediated by procrastination. This study presents the first empirical evidence that individual differences in perfectionistic concerns may influence how people perceive and interpret temporal relationships.
Wilde Jagd, Ostwind, Westwind, himmlisches Kind
Authors: Shojaei Kawan Christine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Winds are fascinating forces of nature, awe-inspiring and devastating when they appear as storms, and therefore a powerful theme in religion, literature and narrative, in music and the arts. Greek-Roman Antiquity personified the winds as nature deities, bearing resemblance to the angels and often represented as embodiments of forceful and tyrannic masculinity. These classical traditions are reflected in their own ways in the visual arts since the Renaissance. In legend and literature from the Middle Ages up to our times, however, winds and storms seem to be preponderantly allied to the dark forces of evil, the devil, wizards and witches, the Wild Hunter, whereas in folktales, the unruly winds appear mostly as helper figures, creating often moments of extraordinary fun.
Dornröschen im deutschen Mittelalter?
Authors: Kjorveziroska Mirna 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag möchte auf einzelne Handlungssequenzen in der deutschen Literaturgeschichte aufmerksam machen, die als Mosaiksteinchen einer mittelhochdeutschen, vorgrimmschen Dornröschen-Tradition lesbar sein könnten. Mit einem diachronen Blick werden epochenspezifische Umbesetzungen und Umakzentuierungen zur Diskussion gestellt. Zugleich legt eine methodische Reflexion über das motivgeschichtliche Einschlägigsein Unsicherheiten und Zweifel offen, was als Dornröschen-Parallele überhaupt gelten darf.
Illustrating History: April 25th in Portuguese Comics
Authors: Dias Alexandra Lourenço 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay offers a comprehensive analysis of Portuguese comics, with a specific focus on those that depict the April 25th Revolution of 1974. It traces the historical evolution of these comics, examining how they have engaged with significant political and social changes in Portugal. The study critically evaluates the term “BD de Abril” (April Comics), proposing a more nuanced categorization that reflects the thematic and chronological diversity within this body of work. By analyzing key works, including Utopia by Raquel Varela and Robson Vilalba, the essay explores how Portuguese comics have functioned as both artistic and historiographical tools, especially during periods of political upheaval. The research identifies four distinct phases in the development of “April Comics”: Denunciation (pre-revolution), Exaltation (immediate post-revolution), Revivalism (1990s–2000s), and Revisitation (2010s onwards). Each phase is contextualized within the broader socio-political landscape, revealing the evolving role of comics in reflecting and shaping historical consciousness. The essay concludes by arguing that while “April Comics” is a valuable category, it requires refinement to fully capture the complexity and richness of these works.
Teaching English with Chinese characteristics: a corpus analysis of changes in university curricula
Authors: Jiang Feng (Kevin) , Hyland Ken 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
English language teaching has had a chequered history in China, reflecting an increasing desire to modernise and participate on the world stage combined with a watchful caution against importing unwanted cultural elements. Change, however, has proceeded rapidly in the last 35 years, and China now provides around 700,000 postgraduate students annually to Western universities. Given this importance to western universities and the concerns surrounding the nature and perceived purposes of English-medium instruction, we believe a better understanding of Chinese ELT is crucial. This article tracks the changing role and importance of English in China through its language policy for university non-English majors. We do this using a corpus approach to analyse the keywords in the 1986, 1999, 2007 and 2020 iterations of the national curriculum documents. Our results show a focus on language skills has been replaced by employer-friendly communicative requirements, followed by greater student awareness of learning strategies, and most recently, a more culturally sensitive and critical orientation. We offer a study of an EFL curriculum development outside a more familiar Western context, suggesting the value of discourse analyses to understanding key changes in curricula, and revealing that choices regarding language instruction are rarely ‘neutral’ pedagogical decisions.
India’s Energy and Fiscal Transition
Authors: Bhandari Laveesh , Dwivedi Aasheerwad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper looks at India’s expected energy transition towards a low carbon future and studies how government revenues from fossil fuels will be affected over the next two decades. It takes the International Energy Association (2021) scenarios for India and studies how both tax revenues and non-tax revenues for national (central) and sub-national (state) governments would be affected. The study finds that under fairly standard assumptions on growth, prices, and taxes, there would be continued growth in revenues from fossil fuels till 2040; however, as a share of the GDP and overall government budget it would fall significantly and this would impose challenges for both the state and central governments in India. Moreover, since the central government is the greatest beneficiary of fossil fuels, it would face the brunt of the pressure. The paper also briefly discusses the possible impact of net zero and carbon taxes if India were to take that route, as well as how subsidies are expected to impact and be impacted by such considerations.