bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribotest of engine piston ring/cylinder liner pairs with different nanoparticles added into engine oil
Authors: Demirtas Selman , Kaleli Hakan , Khadem Mahdi , Kim Dae-eun 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Wear on internal combustion engines is a loss of material that occurs with the rubbing of the materials in contact with each other and significantly reduces the economic life of the engine. Even the smallest precaution that can be taken to prevent friction and wear in the engines can provide economical savings in very large quantities. Internal combustion engines are widely utilized in modem automobiles. Around 10 per cent of the total fuel energy is dissipated to heat due to mechanical friction, among which 20 per cent is caused by the contact between the cylinder liner and the piston rings.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, real piston ring-cylinder specimens were tested with reciprocating tribometer by using five different nanoparticles added to engine oil to investigate their wear and friction behavior.

Findings
With regard to the experiments, it has been found that the best results were determined by TiO2 and single-walled carbon nanotubes according to boron nitride, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoparticles added to the engine oil, respectively. At the end of the tests, different wear mechanisms have been determined after the surface analyses on the piston ring and cylinder liner surface, and abrasive wear has been observed as the main wear mechanism.

Originality/value
This paper has an originality with regard to adding different nanoparticles into the commercial engine oil.
Effect of elimination of diseases on expectation of life in Bangladesh
Authors: Rosy Sarkar Aziza Sultana , Islam Md Nurul 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the trend of life expectancy in Bangladesh and find the effect of eliminating the causes of diseases on life expectancy statistics.

Design/methodology/approach
Data consisted of 1,530 deaths in 2000, 1,582 deaths in 2004 and 1,514 deaths in 2008 that were collected from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System of International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Trends in life expectancy after eliminating the cause of diseases were examined by a Single Decrement Life table.

Findings
The expectation of life for both male and female presented differing patterns. Results showed that life expectancies were greatly reduced in the presence of all groups of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the community, whilst life expectancies were significantly improved if all NCDs within all disease groups were completely eliminated. The life expectancies in the presence of NCDs showed lowest expected years among all the present diseases groups and the life expectancies eliminating NCDs showed highest expected years among all the eliminating diseases groups. The results indicated that 10.99 years of life would be added to life expectancy at birth for the male population and 8.82 years for the female population in 2008 if NCDs were eliminated.

Originality/value
The findings of this study provide useful information which could contribute to a more effective allocation of targeted funding for developing public health programs. Lowering mortality by eliminating major groups of diseases results in higher life expectancy ratings. Specifically, the relative impacts of eliminating cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, as compared with eliminating neoplasms.
Investigating professional quality of life in nursing staff working in Adolescent Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs)
Authors: Foster Celeste 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate professional quality of life of mental health nursing staff working within an adolescent psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting. Professional quality of life is important, as there is a correlation between staff wellbeing and the quality of healthcare services delivered, particularly within mental health settings. Mental health nursing staff in adolescent PICU services deal with a wide range of physically and emotionally demanding challenges when providing care, yet the potential impact of this demanding work upon staff in this context has not been explored.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a longitudinal non-experimental design with a purposive sample. Quantitative data were collected from a total of 17 registered mental health nurses and healthcare assistants (HCAs) working in an adolescent PICU in the North of England. Repeated measures were administered at three consecutive intervals, three months apart, using a validated self-report measure, the Professional Quality of Life Scale V (ProQOL V, Stamm, 2010). Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis using benchmark data from the ProQOL V instrument for comparison.FindingsAnalysis of results compared to ProQOL V benchmark data showed significantly higher than expected levels of compassion satisfaction, and lower than expected levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress for adolescent PICU nursing staff within the study. There were no significant differences between qualified nurses and HCAs. Potential explanations and practice implications of these findings are discussed.Originality/valueThis is the first published study to investigate professional quality of life within the mental health nursing population working in adolescent PICU, providing empirical insights into a previously unexplored mental health context.
The impact of subordinate disrespect on leader justice
Authors: Holmvall Camilla M. , Stevens Sonya , Chestnut Natasha 
Published: December 2018

PurposeEmployees are affected by the interpersonal treatment received from leaders (i.e. interactional justice), especially when being informed of negative outcomes (Brockner, 2010). Although respectful treatment may be expected from leaders generally, little is known about when leaders are more likely to display interactional justice and whether less interactional justice might be acceptable under certain circumstances. Drawing on reciprocity theory (e.g. Gouldner, 1960), and leader–member exchange (LMX) theory (e.g. Gerstner and Day, 1997), the purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis that employees who are disrespectful and inconsiderate toward their supervisors (i.e. who are themselves interactionally unjust) would and should receive less interactional justice when being informed of a negative outcome.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted three experimental studies (Ns=87, 47 and 114), in the context of leaders communicating a layoff decision to their subordinates.FindingsThe results supported the predictions albeit the effect of subordinate interactional justice on supervisor justice was modest, yet consistent, across studies.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings are consistent with reciprocity theory and the LMX literature and suggest that leader actions when communicating bad news are dependent on employee conduct. Limitations of the studies include a primary reliance on students as participants and the measurement of behavioral intentions rather than behavior.Originality/valueThe studies are among the first to examine interactional injustice perpetrated by subordinates toward their leaders, and its impact on leader behavior when delivering negative outcomes. There is a paucity of literature understanding the causes of leader fairness behavior, in addition to a consideration of unfairness from perpetrators of lower positional power.
Combined effect of GABA and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist on cytokine‐induced apoptosis in pancreatic β‐cell line and isolated human islets
Authors: Son Dong Ok , Liu Wenjuan , Li Xiaoming , Prud'homme Gerald J. , Wang Qinghua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundTreatment with GABA or glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) can preserve pancreatic β‐cell mass and prevent diabetes. Recently, we reported that the combination of GABA and sitagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor that increases endogenous GLP‐1) was more effective than either agent alone in reducing drug‐induced β‐cell damage and promoting β‐cell regeneration in mice. However, in human islets, it remains unclear whether GABA and GLP‐1 exert similar effects.MethodsTo investigate GABA and GLP‐1 interactions, human islets or INS‐1 cells were treated with GABA and/or exendin‐4, a GLP‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) in clinical use, and incubated with a cytokine mixture for 24 hours. Cleaved caspase‐3 and annexin V binding were measured by western blot and flow cytometry analysis, respectively, to investigate effects on cytokine‐induced apoptosis.ResultsCytokine‐induced apoptosis was reduced by either GABA or exendin‐4 alone. This was markedly improved by combining GABA and exendin‐4, resulting in a reversal of apoptosis. The combination notably increased Akt pathway signaling. Furthermore, sirtuin‐1 (SIRT1) and α‐Klotho, both reported to have protective effects on β‐cells, were increased. Importantly, the combination ameliorated insulin secretion by human β‐cells.ConclusionsThe combination of GABA and a GLP‐1RA exerted additive effects on β‐cell survival and function, suggesting that this combination may be superior to either drug alone in the treatment of diabetes.
Adductor canal block with a suture‐method catheter – A parallel or perpendicular approach?
Authors: Lyngeraa Tobias S. , Rothe Christian , Grevstad Ulrik , Lundstrøm Lars H. , Lange Kai H. W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a randomised blinded pilot study in 16 healthy volunteers to assess whether placing a suture‐method catheter in the adductor canal is feasible with two different insertion techniques.MethodsEach volunteer had a suture‐method catheter placed approximately halfway between the superior anterior iliac spine and base of the patella in both legs. Catheters were placed using a parallel technique in one leg and a perpendicular technique in the other leg, according to randomisation. 15 mL lidocaine 1% was injected in each catheter. Successful placement was defined as loss of cold sensation in the saphenous area 30 min after injection. Volunteers were sent home and returned the following day and another dose of lidocaine (15 mL, 1%) was injected through the catheters. Catheter displacement distance was assessed by ultrasound and cold sensation was assessed. In case of preserved cold sensation, we attempted to reposition the catheter with a subsequent injection of lidocaine and reassessment of cold sensation.ResultsAll primary placements were successful using the perpendicular approach (100%; 95% CI 81%‐100%) whereas one placement failed using the parallel approach (94%; 95% CI 72%‐99%). Three catheters placed using the perpendicular approach were displaced on day 2, compared to one catheter placed with the parallel approach. Displacement distance was highly variable. All catheters, except one, could be repositioned. Three volunteers reported transient sensory deficits lasting approximately 6‐8 weeks.ConclusionThe suture‐method catheter can be placed in the adductor canal with high success rates for initial placement with both techniques.
Doubling rituximab in high‐risk patients with aggressive B‐cell lymphoma ‐results of the DENSE‐R‐MegaCHOEP trial
Authors: Friedrichs Birte , Nickelsen Maike , Ziepert Marita , Altmann Bettina , Haenel Mathias , Viardot Andreas , Schmidt Christian , Ruebe Christian , Loeffler Markus , Pfreundschuh Michael , Rosenwald Andreas , Glass Bertram , Lenz Georg , Schmitz Norbert ,   for the German high‐grade lymphoma Study Group
Published: December 2018

SummaryTo further improve outcome in young high‐risk patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) the number of rituximab (R) infusions was doubled in combination with standard CHOEP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, prednisone) chemotherapy. Seventy‐seven patients (aged 18–60 years) with an age‐adjusted International Prognostic Index of 2–3 received 12 × R (375 mg/m2) on days 0, 1, 4, 8, 15, 22, 29, 43, 57, 71, 85 and 99 together with eight cycles of CHOEP‐14. Results were retrospectively compared to those of patients receiving 6 × R and 8 × CHOEP‐14 in the standard arm of the randomized R‐MegaCHOEP trial.Two‐year overall survival (OS) was 82% [95% confidence interval (CI) 73%–92%]; 2‐year event‐free (EFS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) was 69% (95% CI 59–80%) and 76% (95% CI 66%‐–6%), respectively. Comparing 12 to six doses of R revealed no differences (univariate/multivariate) in EFS (at 2 years: 69% vs. 71%), PFS (76% vs. 75%) and OS (82% vs. 85%), with P = 0·766, P = 0·871 and P = 0·843, respectively. Doubling the number of R infusions concomitant to CHOEP did not improve treatment outcomes. Nonetheless, OS and PFS of young high‐risk patients who received only six infusions of R combined with CHOEP remain excellent and were confirmed in an independent cohort of patients.
Creative surrender: How we grow at the end of life
Authors: Rake‐Marona Jennifer 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThrough patients’ stories and reflection on the literature, the author explores the potential for spiritual, emotional, and relational growth in the dying. Five “faces” of growth are described: Holy Sadness, Meaning‐Making, Generosity of Spirit and Transcendence, Legacy and Eternal Life, and Letting Go. Readers are invited to consider the creative potential at the end of life and to be aware that they too may grow as they journey alongside others who are approaching death.
Constructing a global theology: An assessment of the Christian dogmatics of Veli‐Matti Kärkkäinen
Authors: Urvas Sanna , Vainio Olli‐Pekka 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article examines the recent multivolume Christian Dogmatics, by Veli‐Matti Kärkkäinen. The authors offer an overview to the postfoundationalist methodology of the work and assess how Kärkkäinen succeeds in his dialogue with the sciences and other religious traditions.
Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement: Sex differences or effect of different methods of indexation?
Authors: Del Bene Maria Riccarda , Barletta Giuseppe , Venditti Francesco , Di Mario Carlo , Blanzola Claudio , Stefàno Pierluigi 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe influence of sex on regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) remains elusive. The lack of consensus on how to correct LV mass (LVM) for body size, and different normalcy values, contribute to inconclusive results.MethodsIn 164 consecutive patients (mean age 80 ± 4 years, 59% females) with AS, we analyzed LVM (Devereux formula) before and 1 year after AVR (St.Jude Trifecta bio‐prosthesis). LVM was indexed to BSA (Du Bois and Gehan formulas), to height1.7 and height2.7. Limits of normalcy were (women and men, respectively): <95 and <115 g/m², BSA‐indexed LVM; <60 and <81 g/m, LVM/height1.7; <44 and <48 g/m, LVM/height2.7.ResultsWomen had smaller BSA, but not body mass index, than men. AS severity and incidence of hypertension did not differ. LVM indexed to height2.7 was greater in women. LVH incidence was similar in males and females. Independently of the indexation method, LVH reduced significantly (P < 0.0001). LVM reduction was greater in women (P < 0.05 for all methods). At follow‐up, nearly half the patients, irrespective of sex, showed residual LVH, and diastolic dysfunction.ConclusionsWe tested different methods of LVM indexation in AS patients. LVM was similar between men and women. Indexation to height2.7 gives higher LVM in women because of their shorter stature. LVH prevalence is independent of sex. Irrespective of the indexation method, LVM reduction is greater in females, whereas LVM normalization occurs in equal proportion. Persistent LVH and diastolic dysfunction suggest earlier AVR in elderly.
Measuring Widening Proficiency Differences in International Assessments: Are Current Approaches Enough?
Authors: Rutkowski David , Rutkowski Leslie , Liaw Yuan‐Ling 
Published: December 2018

AbstractParticipation in international large‐scale assessments has grown over time with the largest, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), including more than 70 education systems that are economically and educationally diverse. To help accommodate for large achievement differences among participants, in 2009 PISA offered low‐performing systems the option of including an easier set of items in the assessment with an aim of providing improved achievement estimates. However, there remains a lack of evidence on the performance of this design innovation. As such, we simulate a design that closely mirrors the PISA 2015 math assessment in order to empirically examine the benefits of including easy items for low‐performing countries. We extend the PISA design to include increased numbers of easy items and items that are easier than currently implemented. Findings show that the current PISA approach provides little advantage compared to a common test for all participants. Our study also demonstrates persistent bias, low coverage rates, and low correlations between generating and estimated proficiency under current designs. Through our simulation we also show that to improve achievement estimation for low performers about half of the items would need to be made significantly easier.
EU citizenship and (fundamental) rights: Empirical, normative, and conceptual problems
Authors: van den Brink Martijn 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere is a close connection between EU citizenship and rights, both in the law and literature. This article claims that EU lawyers' understanding of EU citizenship and rights suffers from empirical, normative, and conceptual shortcomings. I will point out that there has been insufficient awareness for the boundedness of EU citizenship, the political structure of the EU and the constraints this (realistically) imposes on the ‘meaningfulness’ of EU citizenship. EU citizenship must not be understood as requiring an elaborate set of equal rights for all Union citizens throuzghout the EU, but valued for its ability to allow its status holders to enjoy (almost) full membership in the Member States of which they do not possess nationality.
Transforming Disciples, Transforming the Future
Authors: Mulenga‐Kaunda Mutale 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article postulates that Transforming Discipleship is vital in the lives of Christians. This article demonstrates how transformative discipleship does not happen in a vacuum but in the lived reality and experiences of women and men. Using African feminist missiology, this article further explicates how lived realities in an African context need more than just the spiritual for adequate transformation to take place.
Teaching Trauma and Theology Inspires Lives of Witnessing Discipleship
Authors: Lakawa Septemmy E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article argues that teaching theology and trauma signifies the role of theological education as a conducive site for the missional formation of witnessing discipleship. Witnessing discipleship is a risky practice of bearing witness to life and healing in the midst of violence and its traumatic traces. As a central dimension of academic formation, teaching plays a significant role in empowering and inspiring students toward lives of witnessing discipleship.The article draws the key concept of witnessing discipleship from the ancient Christian tradition of martyrdom into conversation with a trauma perspective on witnessing by embedding the concept in the complex history of communal religious violence and political violence in Indonesia. The aim is to provide a picture of the complex interconnection between theological education (academia) and the public sphere – which is shaped by collective trauma – in which the missional formation is taking place. The article uses Jakarta Theological Seminary, the oldest Protestant/ecumenical seminary in Indonesia, as a case study for a contextual model of the teaching of theology and trauma that equips students for practising witnessing discipleship.Shelly Rambo, whose work on theology and trauma is shaping a theological shift in response to trauma, is the main interlocutor. This article affirms that trauma ruptures theology. It focuses on two intertwined dimensions of the rupturing – the Christian discourse on suffering and witnessing – by employing the image of a posture that embodies the unspeakability of trauma and the promise of healing. It articulates a theological response to the ways in which trauma and healing contain each other and shape the public sphere. This article offers three intertwined layers – the multidirectional classroom, the hermeneutic of rupture, and the aesthetics of healing.
The Spiritual Dimension of Embracing the Cross
Authors: Vellem Vuyani S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article explores Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s dictum “Pray and Struggle for Justice” through the prism of ekassie, inspiring the view that the cross is not a sanitized symbol of resignation from the concrete. Prayer as a resource, and thus spirituality, in a world of racially alienated residents and inhabitants of the earth and spiritual impoverishment is subversive. The article argues that in the cohabitation of ideology and faith, when the aspirational dimension of ideology (ipso facto, cognitive rationality) shifts from doubt to certainty and from fear (the oppressor inside), a new spirituality embedded in the turbulent passages of the wretched, the black, inspires the verbs to return to the cross – the spiritual dimension of embracing the cross.
Flavanols protect the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeagainst heating and freezing/thawing injury
Authors: Naparlo K. , Zyracka E. , Bartosz G. , Sadowska-Bartosz I. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study was to check whether two flavanols ((−)-epigallocatechin gallate and (+)-catechin) can ameliorate oxidative stress (OS) accompanying and contributing to the lethal effects of heating (50°C) and freezing-thawing on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Methods and ResultsThe flavanols studied increased yeast survival during heating and freezing-thawing, estimated by the colony forming assay. They improved also such indices of OS as increased production of reactive oxygen species, decrease of total antioxidant activity of yeast cell extracts and increase in the level of protein carbonyls.ConclusionsAmelioration of OS by flavanols increases the survival of the yeast subjected to high temperature and freezing-thawing.Significance and Impact of the StudyFlavanols may be considered as means of enhancing yeast survival under extreme temperature conditions and probably in other conditions involving OS.