bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical analysis and modeling of Argos Doppler location errors in Romania
Authors: Rozylowicz Laurentiu , Bodescu Florian P. , Ciocanea Cristiana M. , Gavrilidis Athanasios A. , Manolache Steluta , Matache Marius L. , Miu Iulia V. , Moale Ionut C. , Nita Andreea , Popescu Viorel D. 
Published: January 2019

Background
Advances in wildlife tracking technology have allowed researchers to understand the spatial ecology of many terrestrial and aquatic animal species. Argos Doppler is a technology that is widely used for wildlife tracking owing to the small size and low weight of the Argos transmitters. This allows them to be fitted to small-bodied species. The longer lifespan of the Argos units in comparison to units outfitted with miniaturized global positioning system (GPS) technology has also recommended their use. In practice, large Argos location errors often occur due to communication conditions such as transmitter settings, local environment, and the behavior of the tracked individual.

Methods
Considering the geographic specificity of errors and the lack of benchmark studies in Eastern Europe, the research objectives were: (1) to evaluate the accuracy of Argos Doppler technology under various environmental conditions in Romania, (2) to investigate the effectiveness of straightforward destructive filters for improving Argos Doppler data quality, and (3) to provide guidelines for processing Argos Doppler wildlife monitoring data. The errors associated with Argos locations in four geographic locations in Romania were assessed during static, low-speed and high-speed tests. The effectiveness of the Douglas Argos distance angle filter algorithm was then evaluated to ascertain its effect on the minimization of localization errors.

Results
Argos locations received in the tests had larger associated horizontal errors than those indicated by the operator of the Argos system, including under ideal reception conditions. Positional errors were similar to those obtained in other studies outside of Europe. The errors were anisotropic, with larger longitudinal errors for the vast majority of the data. Errors were mostly related to speed of the Argos transmitter at the time of reception, but other factors such as topographical conditions and orientation of antenna at the time of the transmission also contributed to receiving low-quality data. The Douglas Argos filter successfully excluded the largest errors while retaining a large amount of data when the threshold was set to the local scale (two km).

Discussion
Filter selection requires knowledge about the movement patterns and behavior of the species of interest, and the parametrization of the selected filter typically requires a trial and error approach. Selecting the proper filter reduces the errors while retaining a large amount of data. However, the post-processed data typically includes large positional errors; thus, we recommend incorporating Argos error metrics (e.g., error ellipse) or use complex modeling approaches when working with filtered data.
Taxifolin protects rat against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
Authors: Tang Zhenqiu , Yang Chunjuan , Zuo Baoyan , Zhang Yanan , Wu Gaosong , Wang Yudi , Wang Zhibin 
Published: January 2019

Background
Taxifolin (TAX), is an active flavonoid, that plays an underlying protective role on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate its effect and potential mechanisms on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Methods
Healthy rat heart was subjected to I/R using the Langendorff apparatus. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum/minimum rate of the left ventricular pressure rise (+dp/dtmax and −dp/dtmin) and rate pressure product (RPP) were recorded during the perfusion. Histopathological examination of left ventricular was measured by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the effluent perfusion, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the tissue were assayed. Apoptosis related proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) were also assayed by ELISA. Western blot was employed to determine apoptosis-executive proteins, including caspase 3 and 9. Transferase-mediated dUTP-X nick end labeling assay was performed to evaluate the effect TAX on myocardial apoptosis.

Results
Taxifolin significantly improved the ventricular functional recovery, as evident by the increase in LVDP, +dp/dtmax, −dp/dtmin and RPP, the levels of SOD, GSH-PX were also increased, but those of LDH, CK-MB, and MDA were decreased. Furthermore, TAX up-regulated the Bcl-2 protein level but down-regulated the levels of Bax, Cyt-c, caspase 3 and 9 protein, thereby inhibits the myocardial apoptosis.

Discussion
Taxifolin treatment remarkably improved the cardiac function, regulated oxidative stress and attenuated apoptosis. Hence, TAX has a cardioprotective effect against I/R injury by modulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
1‐ und 2‐Brompropan – Bestimmung von 1‐ und 2‐Brompropan in Urin mittels dynamischer Headspace‐GC/MS [Biomonitoring Methods in German language, 2019]
Authors: Roßbach B. , Rißler E. , Budnik L.T. , Finger S. , Göen Th. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method.The analytical method described herein permits the sensitive determination of both unmetabolised 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine. Prior to the determination using GC‐MS in the Single‐Ion‐Mode (SIM), the analytes are extracted and enriched using Headspace Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction (SPDE). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C and the analytes are extracted from the gas phase using SPDE. The headspace extract is then injected into the gas chomatograph for separation and mass spectrometric analysis. Calibration standards are prepared in urine and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as the internal standard (IS).
1‐Bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane – Determination of 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine by dynamic headspace GC/MS [Biomonitoring Methods, 2019]
Authors: Roßbach B. , Rißler E. , Budnik L.T. , Finger S. , Göen Th. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method.The analytical method described herein permits the sensitive determination of both unmetabolised 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine. Prior to the determination using GC‐MS in the Single‐Ion‐Mode (SIM), the analytes are extracted and enriched using Headspace Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction (SPDE). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C and the analytes are extracted from the gas phase using SPDE. The headspace extract is then injected into the gas chomatograph for separation and mass spectrometric analysis. Calibration standards are prepared in urine and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as the internal standard (IS).
Triethanolamine [MAK Value Documentation, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of triethanolamine [
102‐71‐6
].

Critical effect is the inflammation of the larynx observed in a 28‐day study in rats with a BMDL
05
of 14 mg/m
3
. An analysis of the studies with monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and 7 other studies with substances that cause inflammation of the larynx shows that the NOAEC in subchronic or chronic studies is lower than in subacute studies. Therefore, for a chronic exposure to triethanolamine at the workplace a decrease of the NOAEC cannot be excluded and the MAK value is lowered to 1 mg/m
3
for the inhalable fraction.

Triethanolamine remains assigned to Peak Limitation Category I for locally acting substances. An excursion factor of 1 is set by analogy with the other ethanolamines.
Ethylamin [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated ethylamine [
75‐04‐7
], considering all toxicological endpoints.

The critical effect is irritation of the nasal epithelium of rats with a NOAEC of 100 ml/m
3
in a 24‐week inhalation study. The maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) for ethylamine is derived by using additional data of the structurally related diethylamine. For diethylamine a MAK value of 2 ml/m
3
was derived based on a two‐year study in rats with a NOAEC of 16 ml/m
3
for irritation of the nasal epithelium and a study in humans with a LOAEC of 10 ml/m
3
for sensory irritation. As the inhalation toxicity of ethylamine is lower than that of diethylamine, the previous MAK value for ethylamine of 5 ml/m
3
is retained. As the local effect is critical, ethylamine remains classified in Peak Limitation Category I. The excursion factor of 2 and the momentary value (concentration which must not be exceeded at any time) of 10 ml/m
3
are retained.

There are no developmental toxicity studies and ethylamine remains assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group D. Ethylamine is not genotoxic in vitro, data on genotoxicity in vivo and carcinogenicity are lacking. There is, however, no corresponding structural alert. There are no data on sensitization. According to skin absorption models, percutaneous absorption does not contribute significantly to systemic toxicity.
Microstructural integrity of white matter moderates an association between childhood adversity and adult trait anger
Authors: Kim M. Justin , Elliott Maxwell L. , d'Arbeloff Tracy C. , Knodt Annchen R. , Radtke Spenser R. , Brigidi Bartholomew D. , Hariri Ahmad R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAmongst a number of negative life sequelae associated with childhood adversity is the later expression of a higher dispositional tendency to experience anger and frustration to a wide range of situations (i.e., trait anger). We recently reported that an association between childhood adversity and trait anger is moderated by individual differences in both threat‐related amygdala activity and executive control‐related dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity, wherein individuals with relatively low amygdala and high dlPFC activity do not express higher trait anger even when having experienced childhood adversity. Here, we examine possible structural correlates of this functional dynamic using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data from 647 young adult men and women volunteers. Specifically, we tested whether the degree of white matter microstructural integrity as indexed by fractional anisotropy modulated the association between childhood adversity and trait anger. Our analyses revealed that higher microstructural integrity of multiple pathways was associated with an attenuated link between childhood adversity and adult trait anger. Amongst these pathways was the uncinate fasciculus (UF; ΔR
2 = 0.01), which not only provides a major anatomical link between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex but also is associated with individual differences in regulating negative emotion through top‐down cognitive reappraisal. These findings suggest that higher microstructural integrity of distributed white matter pathways including but not limited to the UF may represent an anatomical foundation serving to buffer against the expression of childhood adversity as later trait anger, which is itself associated with multiple negative health outcomes.
Controllable Ceramic Green‐Body Configuration for Complex Ceramic Architectures with Fine Features
Authors: Zhang Danwei , Peng Erwin , Borayek Ramadan , Ding Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFabrication of dense ceramic articles with intricate fine features and geometrically complex morphology by using a relatively simple and the cost‐effective process still remains a challenge. Ceramics, either in its green‐ or sintered‐form, are known for being hard yet brittle which limits further shape reconfiguration. In this work, a combinatorial process of ceramic robocasting and photopolymerization is demonstrated to produce either flexible and/or stretchable ceramic green‐body (Flex‐Body or Stretch‐Body) that can undergo a postprinting reconfiguration process. Secondary shaping may proceed through: i) self‐assembly‐assisted shaping and ii) mold‐assisted shaping process, which allows a well‐controlled ceramic structure morphology. With a proposed well‐controlled thermal heating process, the ceramic Sintered‐Body can achieve >99.0% theoretical density with good mechanical rigidity. Complex and dense ceramic articles with fine features down to 65 μm can be fabricated. When combined with a multi‐nozzle deposition process, i) self‐shaping ceramic structures can be realized through anisotropic shrinkage induced by suspensions' composition variation and ii) technical and functional multiceramic structures can be fabricated. The simplicity of the proposed technique and its inexpensive processing cost make it an attractive approach for fabricating geometrically complex ceramic articles with unique macrostructures, which complements the existing state of‐the‐art ceramic additive manufacturing techniques.
Novel Molecular Doping Mechanism for n‐Doping of SnO2 via Triphenylphosphine Oxide and Its Effect on Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Tu Bao , Shao Yangfan , Chen Wei , Wu Yinghui , Li Xin , He Yanling , Li Jiaxing , Liu Fangzhou , Zhang Zheng , Lin Yi , Lan Xiaoqi , Xu Leiming , Shi Xingqiang , Ng Alan Man Ching , Li Haifeng , Chung Lung Wa , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , He Zhubing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMolecular doping of inorganic semiconductors is a rising topic in the field of organic/inorganic hybrid electronics. However, it is difficult to find dopant molecules which simultaneously exhibit strong reducibility and stability in ambient atmosphere, which are needed for n‐type doping of oxide semiconductors. Herein, successful n‐type doping of SnO2 is demonstrated by a simple, air‐robust, and cost‐effective triphenylphosphine oxide molecule. Strikingly, it is discovered that electrons are transferred from the R3P+O−σ‐bond to the peripheral tin atoms other than the directly interacted ones at the surface. That means those electrons are delocalized. The course is verified by multi‐photophysical characterizations. This doping effect accounts for the enhancement of conductivity and the decline of work function of SnO2, which enlarges the built‐in field from 0.01 to 0.07 eV and decreases the energy barrier from 0.55 to 0.39 eV at the SnO2/perovskite interface enabling an increase in the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells from 19.01% to 20.69%.
Antimicrobial Microwebs of DNA–Histone Inspired from Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Song Yang , Kadiyala Usha , Weerappuli Priyan , Valdez Jordan J. , Yalavarthi Srilakshmi , Louttit Cameron , Knight Jason S. , Moon James J. , Weiss David S. , VanEpps J. Scott , Takayama Shuichi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are decondensed chromatin networks released by neutrophils that can trap and kill pathogens but can also paradoxically promote biofilms. The mechanism of NET functions remains ambiguous, at least in part, due to their complex and variable compositions. To unravel the antimicrobial performance of NETs, a minimalistic NET‐like synthetic structure, termed “microwebs,” is produced by the sonochemical complexation of DNA and histone. The prepared microwebs have structural similarity to NETs at the nanometer to micrometer dimensions but with well‐defined molecular compositions. Microwebs prepared with different DNA to histone ratios show that microwebs trap pathogenic Escherichia coli in a manner similar to NETs when the zeta potential of the microwebs is positive. The DNA nanofiber networks and the bactericidal histone constituting the microwebs inhibit the growth of E. coli. Moreover, microwebs work synergistically with colistin sulfate, a common and a last‐resort antibiotic, by targeting the cell envelope of pathogenic bacteria. The synthesis of microwebs enables mechanistic studies not possible with NETs, and it opens new possibilities for constructing biomimetic bacterial microenvironments to better understand and predict physiological pathogen responses.
Surface‐Activated Amorphous Iron Borides (FexB) as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Lincai , Li Jiaxuan , Zhao Xiangsen , Hao Weiju , Ma Xiaohua , Li Shengji , Guo Yanhui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient and earth‐abundant water‐splitting electrocatalysts is of great importance for energy conversion and storage technologies. In this study, surface‐activated amorphous FexB catalysts, Fe–B–O@Fe2B and Fe–B–O@FeB2, are synthesized and remarkable activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is achieved, e.g., Fe–B–O@FeB2 delivering a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at overpotential of 260 mV with Tafel slope of 57.9 mV dec−1 for OER in alkaline electrolyte. Iron oxide/hydroxide and oxidized borate species on the surface of FexB are found to have a synergistic effect on promoting the OER activity of the sample. Moreover, it is found that the OER active oxidization layer of iron boride is less active toward hydrogen evolution reaction.
Sulfur Redox Reactions at Working Interfaces in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Perspective
Authors: Yuan Hong , Peng Hong‐Jie , Huang Jia‐Qi , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have been strongly considered as one of the most promising future energy storage systems because of ultrahigh theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1. The natural abundance, affordable cost, and environmental benignity of elemental sulfur constitute additional advantages. However, complicated reaction behaviors at working electrode/electrolyte interfaces that involve multiphase conversion and multistep ion/electron diffusion during sulfur redox reactions have impeded the thorough understanding of Li–S chemistry and its practical applications. This perspective article highlights the influence of the ion/electron transport and reaction regulation through electrocatalysis or redox mediation at electrode/electrolyte interfaces on various interfacial sulfur redox reactions (liquid–liquid–solid interconversion between soluble lithium polysulfide with different chain lengths and insoluble lithium sulfides in liquid‐electrolyte Li–S batteries and direct solid–solid conversion between sulfur and Li2S in all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries). The current status, existing challenges, and future directions are discussed and prospected, aiming at shedding fresh light on fundamental understanding of interfacial sulfur redox reactions and guiding the rational design of electrode/electrolyte interfaces for next‐generation Li–S batteries with high energy density and long cycle life.
Machines as Craftsmen: Localized Parameter Setting Optimization for Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing
Authors: Gardner John M. , Hunt Kevin A. , Ebel Austin B. , Rose Evan S. , Zylich Sean C. , Jensen Benjamin D. , Wise Kristopher E. , Siochi Emilie J. , Sauti Godfrey 
Published: January 2019

AbstractQuality control and repeatability of 3D printing must be enhanced to fully unlock its utility beyond prototyping and noncritical applications. Machine learning is a potential solution to improving 3D printing performance and is explored for areas including flaw identification and property prediction. However, critical problems must be resolved before machine learning can truly enable 3D printing to reach its potential, including the very large data sets required for training and the inherently local nature of 3D printing where the optimum parameter settings vary throughout the part. This work outlines an end‐to‐end tool for integrating machine learning into the 3D printing process. The tool selects the ideal parameter settings at each location, taking into consideration factors such as geometry, hardware and material response times, and operator priorities. The tool demonstrates its usefulness by correcting for visual flaws common in fused filament fabrication parts. An image recognition neural network classifies local flaws in parts to create training data. A gradient boosting classifier then predicts the local flaws in future parts, based on location, geometry, and parameter settings. The tool selects optimum parameter settings based on the aforementioned factors. The resulting prints show increased quality over prints that use global parameters only.
Modeling of the pressure drop across polydisperse packed beds in cake filtration
Authors: Zhang Siying , McCarthy Joseph J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFiltration is the separation of solid–liquid mixtures. In this study, we assess the predictive power of Kozeny–Carman model for systems operated at low Reynolds numbers and relatively high pressure drops. We find substantial agreement between the K‐C model and experiment only for systems that exhibit tight void size distribution. Dramatic disagreement is observed for particle beds that exhibit wide void size distributions. We propose a modified modeling approach, based on a bimodal void distribution, by introducing two quantities: the fraction of expanded voids and the ratio of void sizes. The simulation results are found to be much more similar to the experimental flow rates than those calculated using the K‐C model. The modified model is deemed reliable at predicting the flow behavior, provided that an accurate representation of the void size distribution is available.
Flow dynamic in a packed bed filled with Ni‐Al2O3 porous catalyst: Experimental and numerical approach
Authors: Pashchenko Dmitry 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNumerical simulations and experiments have been carried out to explore the effect of particle shapes on the pressure drop and the loss factor in a packed fixed bed filled with a porous catalyst. The packed bed is presented by the Ni‐Al2O3 catalyst of the different shapes. The commercial program ANSYS Fluent is used for the analysis; more than 20 mln cells are used for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. The catalyst particles were set as a porous medium with the viscous resistance coefficients and the inertial resistance coefficients. The comparison of the pressure drops between the experimental and simulation results show a good correlation with the divergence of results <8%. To determine the effect of the porosity properties of the medium on the numerical results, two cases of CFD modeling were realized (with taking into account the porous medium properties and without it). The discrepancy between results increases with an increasing gas flow rate.