bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structure of Borneo vortices and their relationship with cold surges, the Madden–Julian oscillation and equatorial waves
Authors: Crook Julia , Hardy Sam , Methven John , Schwendike Juliane , Yik Diong Jeong , Yang Gui‐Ying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Borneo vortex (BV) is a synoptic‐scale vorticity feature found in the South China Sea near Borneo during extended Boreal winter, which can bring heavy rain to the region. Predicting this rainfall is difficult. Therefore, a better understanding of the structure of these vortices and their interaction with equatorial waves could aid forecasters. Here we divide the BVs found from 41‐years of October–March ERA5 data into five clusters based on their tracks identified using relative vorticity maxima. These clusters capture distinct phenomena: vortices moving westwards across the South China Sea, vortices tracking along the north and northwest sides of Borneo, vortices sitting on the west side of Borneo, and vortices that initiate on the northwest side of Borneo, cross the equator and track eastwards along the south coast of Borneo. These clusters have a strong seasonal dependence related to the strength and southward propagation of the northeasterly flow and therefore cold‐surge type. The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is considerably less important than the cold surge for modulating vortex frequency but has a similar order of magnitude impact on vortex rainfall. Kelvin waves strongly modulate rainfall from all BVs. Westward‐moving mixed Rossby–gravity (WMRG) and Rossby n = 1 (R1) waves modify frequency, rainfall, and vorticity through modification of environmental vorticity and northeasterly flow. These properties are highest when the BV is within or on the leading edge of the positive vorticity phase of R1 waves (in the northern hemisphere) or WMRG waves. Westward‐moving vortices north of 4° N are often embedded in and move with R1 or WMRG waves. Examining case studies in detail, we find BVs typically extend upward to 500–400 hPa but can reach to 300 hPa, and those near the equator may not always have closed streamlines. Under vertical wind shear they may tilt, usually to the west.
Quantifying cell fate change under different stochastic gene activation frameworks
Authors: Chen Xinxin , Sheng Ying , Chen Liang , Tang Moxun , Jiao Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGene transcription is a stochastic process characterized by fluctuations in mRNA levels of the same gene in isogenic cell populations. A central question in single‐cell studies is how to map transcriptional variability to phenotypic differences between isogenic cells. We introduced a measurable and statistical transcription threshold I for critical genes that determine the entry level of Waddington’s canal toward a specific cell fate. Subsequently, JI, which is the probability that a cell has at least I mRNA molecules of a given gene, approximates the likelihood of a cell committing to the corresponding fate. In this study, we extended the previous results of JI of the classical telegraph model by considering more complex models with different gene activation frameworks. We showed that (a) the upregulation of the critical gene may significantly suppress cell fate change and (b) increasing transcription noise performs a bidirectional role that can either enhance or suppress the cell fate change. These observations matched accurately with the data from bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells. We estimated the threshold I from these data and predicted that (a) the traditional human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activators that modulate gene activation frequency at high doses may largely suppress HIV reactivation and (b) the cells may favor noisier (or less noisy) regulation of stress genes under high (or low) environmental pressures to maintain cell viability.
Exponential Tracking and Disturbance Rejection for Euler–Lagrange Systems With High‐Order Actuator Dynamics
Authors: He Changran , Huang Jie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we study the exponential tracking and disturbance rejection problem of a class of Euler–Lagrange (EL) systems with high‐order actuator dynamics. This type of EL system takes into account not only the dynamics of the rigid components of the plant but also the dynamics of the actuators and it includes the elastic joint robot manipulator as a special case. Assuming the reference signal is bounded with bounded derivatives and both the output and the input of the actuator are subject to multi‐tone sinusoidal disturbances, we first establish nonlinear observers for the unknown disturbances based on the internal model principle. Then, we further construct a control law through a backstepping‐like design procedure to achieve the exponential tracking and disturbance rejection for the class of EL systems with high‐order actuator dynamics. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach.
Predefined‐Time Stabilization for Low‐Order Nonlinear Systems With Time‐Varying Orders and Output Constraint
Authors: Sun Gang , Cui Rong‐Heng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper solves the problem of predefined‐time stabilization for low‐order nonlinear systems with time‐varying orders and the asymmetric output constraint. We construct a tangent‐type barrier Lyapunov function to handle the output constraint. By using the presented barrier Lyapunov function and the adding a power integrator technique, a novel continuous state‐feedback controller is designed to guarantee that the solution of the closed‐loop system is predefined‐time stable while the output constraint is not transgressed.
Discrete‐Time Neural Network Based Mode Switching Optimal Control Scheme for Mobile Dual‐Manipulator Robots
Authors: Jiang Yiming , Wang Jie , Yang Min , Zhong Hang , Zhang Hui , Yang Chenguang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the mobile dual‐manipulator cooperative robot (MDMCR) has become a significant research platform for modern industrial applications due to their excellent adaptability and flexibility. However, the highly anthropomorphic structure and high motion redundancy pose numerous challenges in developing a high‐precision control scheme that is trackable, predictable, and adaptable in complex scenarios. Most research focuses on single‐task operations, lacking cohesive strategies for multi‐task coordination in dual‐manipulator robots. This paper presents a detailed mathematical model and kinematic analysis of the MDMCR, along with a novel coordination strategy designed to optimize cooperative precision and prevent self‐collision between the arms within a switching mode based on a cooperation index. Additionally, an innovative control scheme for mode switching of the MDMCR is established by incorporating kinematic constraints, joint limit constraints, and obstacle avoidance into a dynamic quadratic programming (DQP) problem, which is efficiently solved using discrete‐time primal‐dual neural network (DT‐PDNN). Through numerical experiments under two modes and comparative experiments with the traditional method, the effectiveness of the cooperation strategy based on the cooperation index has been verified.
Investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and sexual satisfaction in late adolescent university students
Authors: Özbay Ahmet , Balaban Özgür 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and sexual satisfaction in late adolescents who are university students. The study sample consisted of 757 people who reached out through social media. We collected the data using the Demographic Information Form, the Emotional Intelligence Scale (short form), and the male and female forms of the Golombok Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale. The SPSS 22.0 package program conducted the necessary analysis of the data. The analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the total scores on the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the total scores on sexual satisfaction. Accordingly, as emotional intelligence increases in both men and women, the deterioration in their sexual functions and relationships decreases. Additionally, we compared the participants' Sexual Satisfaction Scale scores based on various demographic variables. As a result, women's mean score on the Sexual Satisfaction Scale was significantly lower than that of men. The mean scores of participants who had a partner were significantly lower than those of participants who did not. The mean score of the individuals who were unmarried and thought that having sex before marriage was acceptable was much lower than the mean score of the participants who believed that having sex before marriage was bad. We talked about each outcome in light of the body of literature.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Effect of New Efficient and High Temperature Resistant Imidazoline Derivatives on the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Q235: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Wang Pengjie , Fan Lin , Song Yuhao , Li Hao , Ansari Kashif Rahmani , Li Zhonghui , Singh Ambrish , Lin Yuanhua , Talha Mhod 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground: Imidazoline derivatives were widely used in the field of metal corrosion protection due to the low toxicity and excellent corrosion inhibition performance. In order to further reduce synthesis costs and improve corrosion inhibition performance, oleic acid, diethylenetriamine, and anisaldehyde were used as raw materials to synthesize imidazole Schiff corrosion inhibitors (HM), and the corrosion inhibition mechanism on Q235 in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution was studied rigorously. Method: The corrosion inhibition ability was verified using weight loss and electrochemical experiments. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to detect and analyze the protective film formed on the surface of Q235 after weight loss. Density functional theory (DFT) demonstrated the adsorption sites and reaction activity of the corrosion inhibitor, Molecular Dynamics (MD) further validated the corrosion inhibition mechanism. Significant Findings: Imidazoline corrosion inhibitor could form a stable protective film on the surface of Q235. With the concentration increased of HM, the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased gradually, and with the temperature increased, the corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased gradually. At the optimal concentration, the corrosion inhibition rate could reach 98.98%. HM belonged to a mixed type corrosion inhibitor that mainly suppresses the cathode and could spontaneously adsorb on the metal surface, following the Langmuir isotherm for adsorption.
Green Synthesis of TiO2 NPs Using Agave americana Leaves: Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Younas Muhammad Usama , Usman Adil , Kashif Ali Raza , Zahoor Ashaan , Haider Farasat 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNanotechnology involves the synthesis and application of nanoparticles across various fields, including medicine, agriculture, environmental remediation, and electronics. The green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts is increasingly being explored to produce eco‐friendly nanoparticles and mitigate potential adverse effects in biomedical applications. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has garnered attention due to its low cost, availability, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. This study used an eco‐friendly and simple green synthesis approach to fabricate and characterize titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using Agave americana leaf extract. The UV–vis spectra revealed a strong peak at 385 nm. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirmed the tetragonal crystalline structure of TiO2 (rutile), with a particle size of 14.56 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated characteristic stretching vibrations of TiO2 at 471 cm−1. TiO2 NPs exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect against cancer cells while demonstrating lower toxicity to normal cells, highlighting their selective anticancer properties. Additionally, TiO2 NPs demonstrated a strong photocatalytic activity of 93% under UV light exposure over 180 min. These findings strongly support the utilization of Agave americana leaves as a valuable source of antioxidants and highlight the efficacy of biosynthesized TiO2 NPs in environmental and biological applications.
A Novel MOF Based on a Viologen Ligand: Photochromism, Ammonia Sensing, and Cr2O72− Detection
Authors: Ma Xinyue , Gao Ying , Shi Shoujia , Zheng Yimeng , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Mengnan , Gao Zeyuan , Zhu Baili , Cui Shuxin , Zuo Minghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA novel metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) material, namely {Zn3(bpybc)(imdc)2·H2O)}n (1), (bpybc2− = 1,1′‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4′ ‐bipyridinium cation, imdc3− = 4,5‐imidazole‐dicarboxylic acid anion) has been successfully synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The synthesis utilized H2bpybc·2Cl, 4,5‐imidazole‐dicarboxylic acid and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O as the raw materials. Complex 1 not only exhibits reversible photochromic behavior but also features photocontrolled luminescence properties. Notably, complex 1 shows the sensing ability of Cr2O72−. It has the capability to selectively detect ammonia vapor, undergoing a color change from orange to tan in response to ammonia vapors, thereby exhibiting certain sensing properties for ammonia vapor.
A Radical Mediator Layer on Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Uniform Lithium Deposition
Authors: Zhang Chaoyan , Jiang Zhen , Zhang Yang , Zhang Andong , Guo Peng , Song Jianjun , Zhang Peng , Shi Chuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUneven diffusion and gradual accumulation of lithium under electric fields lead to the formation of lithium dendrite, which impedes the practical applications of all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries. To achieve even deposition of Li+, a free radical polymer (PTMA), poly (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy meth‐acrylate), serving as Li+ transport and deposition mediator layer in Polyethylene oxide‐Li7La3Zr2O12 (PEO‐LLZO) composite solid polymer electrolytes is employed. During the transporting process, Li+ is anchored by the O· site of PTMA, hopping along PTMA chains until deposited onto the Li metal anode. This Li+ transport route is confirmed by the displacement of PTMA‐6Li with PTMA‐7Li and 6Li‐tracing NMR. The DFT calculation confirms Li+ is more energetically preferred to coordinate with PTMA than directly deposited onto the lithium electrode, the atomic Li deposition furtherly occurs since the lower adsorption energy of Li on the Li (001) slab than Li+. Therefore, the deposition of Li+ avoids the influence of the electric field with the assistance of the PTMA mediator layer, and a molecular scale Li+ deposition is achieved since each unit of PTMA acts as an active site of lithium transition and deposition. Consequently, lithium symmetrical battery shows stable cycles 4000 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 and 60 °C. The LiFePO4/Li batteries show excellent cyclic and rate performance.
Achieving Excess Hydrogen Output via Concurrent Electrochemical and Chemical Redox Reactions on P‐Doped Co‐Based Catalysts with Electron Manipulation and Kinetic Regulation
Authors: Yao Yue , Qi Menghui , Chen Liang , Hu Enlai , Cai Haotian , Gu Defa , Wang Zhiyu , Cui Yuanjing , Qian Guodong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrolytic hydrogen production is of great significance in energy conversion and sustainable development. Traditional electrolytic water splitting confronts high anode voltage with oxygen generation and the amount of hydrogen produced at cathode depends entirely on the quantity of electric charge input. Herein, excess hydrogen output can be achieved by constructing a spontaneous hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) coupled hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) system. For the hydrazine oxidation‐assisted electrolyzer in this work, both the external input electrons and the electrons produced by spontaneous chemical redox reaction can reduce water, producing more hydrogen than traditional electrolytic water splitting system. The ultrafast kinetics of bifunctional P‐doped Co‐based catalysts plays a key role in the spontaneous feature of HzOR/HER redox reaction and low working voltage of hydrazine oxidation‐assisted electrolyzer (12 mV@100 mA cm−2). Theoretical calculation results and ex situ/in situ spectra demonstrate that doped P could optimize electronic structure, regulate adsorption energy of intermediates, and thus endows catalysts with ultrafast kinetics. This work provides a new pathway for the development of spontaneous oxidation‐assisted hydrogen production, to achieve excess hydrogen output via concurrent electrochemical and chemical redox reactions.
Multifunctional Scaffold Comprising Metal–Organic Framework, Hydrogel, and Demineralized Bone Matrix for the Treatment of Steroid‐Induced Femoral Head Necrosis
Authors: Bai Liangjie , Zhang Xiaolei , Shen Wei , Wang Peng , Yin Xin , Liu Jianing , Xu Hailun , Liu Bing , Man Zhentao , Li Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOverproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in oxidative stress, a critical factor in the pathogenesis of steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). Excess ROS not only hinders the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) but also impairs mitochondrial structure and function, resulting in irreversible cellular damage. Herein, a biomimetic multifunctional scaffold comprising Zn‐modified metal–organic framework 818 (Zn‐MOF‐818) loaded with deferoxamine (DFO), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is shown to scavenge excess ROS, promote angiogenesis, and regulate immunity. Introduced Zn significantly enhances the superoxide dismutase‐ and catalase‐like activities of MOF‐818, which increases ROS‐scavenging efficiency. Zn‐MOF‐818 disrupts the vicious intracellular cycle of mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS accumulation by enhancing mitophagy, stabilizing mitochondrial function, and upregulating antioxidant genes. Additionally, Zn‐MOF‐818 facilitates the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 phenotype and alleviates inflammation, creating an advantageous immune microenvironment for osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The release of DFO, an activator of the HIF‐1α pathway, and Zn2+ from Zn‐MOF‐818, along with the secretion of various cytokines from DBM (such as bone morphogenetic proteins and vascular endothelial growth factors), enhances angiogenesis and osteogenesis. This scaffold targets multiple factors concurrently, offering a promising new approach for treating SONFH.
Heterogeneous Carbon Designed with Disorder‐in‐Ordered Nanostructure toward High‐Rate and Ultra‐stable Sodium Ion Storage
Authors: Zhang Tianyun , Zhang Tian , Wang Fujuan , Zhang Lirong , Kong Hanhan , Li Yu , Ran Fen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rate performance of biomass‐based hard carbon has always been one of the obstacles to its large‐scale use. There are various challenges in improving the rapid conduction of sodium ions at the interface and realizing the efficient utilization of inactive carbon in large current. In this study, a disorder‐in‐ordered nanostructure carbon front‐face coated with hard carbon which forms a heterogeneous carbon is prepared by coulomb adsorption of methylene blue and alkalized kapok fiber. A study on heterogeneous hard carbon material formation is proposed by incorporating heteroatoms at different carbonization temperatures. When the current density increases to 10 A g−1, the obtained carbon material shows stable cycling for 5000 cycles with only a decay rate of 0.056 ‰, which is significantly better than conventional biomass‐based hard carbon materials. This work provides insights of synergistic effect into the achievement of superior rate capability, that is the internal heteroatoms facilitates the activation of deep sodium energy storage, while the external well‐ordered interface enhances the transport of sodium ions. The evolution of heterogeneous structure is analyzed, offering a novel perspective on the utilization of alkalized kapok for wastewater recovery and energy storage applications.
Structural and Electronic Modulations of Se‐Vacancy‐Rich MoSe2 Triggered by Cr Doping toward Robust Nitrogen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wu Zhuangzhi , Lv Shuaiting , Liu Ruoqi , Guo Ting , Wang Dezhi , Fei Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is proposed as an alternative to the Haber–Bosch process, but the development of efficient NRR electrocatalysts remains a challenging task. MoSe2 has superior conductivity compared to MoS2, making it promising in the NRR field. Unfortunately, the scarcity of active sites and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) hinder its broader applications. Here, Se‐vacancy‐rich MoSe2 is designed through Cr doping, allowing for targeted regulations of architectural and electronic structure by leveraging the dual effects of doping and VSe. Further mechanistic studies innovatively find that the Cr‐induced multi‐vacancy (18.75% concentration) exerts inverse contributions to NRR on 2H‐ and 1T‐MoSe2, reflecting boosted and depressed effects, respectively. Consequently, suitable doping effectively facilitates NRR and eases the competition from HER, realizing excellent NH3 yield (51.53 ± 2.45 µg h−1 mg−1cat) and Faradaic efficiency (63.37%) in MSC‐1. This work paves the opportunity for MoSe2‐based electrocatalysts toward boosted NRR.
Biomimetic Materials for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Dong Heng , Liu Bing , Yang Dongliang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rise of antibiotic resistance poses a critical threat to global health, necessitating the development of novel antibacterial strategies to mitigate this growing challenge. Biomimetic materials, inspired by natural biological systems, have emerged as a promising solution in this context. These materials, by mimicking biological entities such as plants, animals, cells, viruses, and enzymes, offer innovative approaches to combat bacterial infections effectively. This review delves into the integration of biomimicry with materials science to develop antibacterial agents that are not only effective but also biocompatible and less likely to induce resistance. The study explores the design and function of various biomimetic antibacterial materials, highlighting their therapeutic potential in anti‐infection applications. Further, the study provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in this field, illustrating how these materials have been engineered to enhance their efficacy and safety. The review also discusses the critical challenges facing the transition of these biomimetic strategies from the laboratory to clinical settings, such as scalability, cost‐effectiveness, and long‐term stability. Lastly, the study discusses the vast opportunities that biomimetic materials hold for the future of antibacterial therapy, suggesting that continued research and multidisciplinary collaboration will be essential to realize their full potential.