bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensor Package Deployment and Recovery Cone With Integrated Video Streaming for Rapid Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Satme Joud N. , Yount Ryan , Goujevskii Nikita , Jannazzo Luke , Downey Austin R. J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study presents an approach for structural health monitoring (SHM) of remote and hazardous structures using unpiloted aerial vehicles (UAVs). The method focuses on overcoming the challenges associated with traditional sensor deployment techniques, which are often costly and risky due to the decaying nature of the targeted structures. Utilizing a multi-rotor UAV platform, a streaming camera is integrated into a recovery cone to aid in visual alignment during deployment and retrieval providing a safe and cost-effective means of sensor delivery. The paper covers the design of a video-broadcasting deployment system with integrated electropermanent magnets (EPMs), housed in a 3D-printed recovery cone, supplemented by redundancy measures to enhance safety and reliability. This proposed system significantly improves the user’s spatial awareness and aids in precise sensor package alignment, facilitated by multiple camera views providing a dual purpose of conducting visual inspection in addition to aiding in sensor delivery. The experimental analysis presented in this study validates the system’s effectiveness, demonstrating the utility of camera-aided sensor delivery for rapid SHM applications. Navigation challenges due to proximity to metal structures and the difficulties associated with signal strength and reflections are also reported. The contribution of this work is a methodology for aerial sensor deployment and retrieval using a lightweight 3D-printed recovery cone with integrated cameras for navigation and sensor alignment.
Microstructural Design and Analysis of Nickel Titanium Reinforced Self-Healing Metal-Metal Composites
Authors: Haider Muhammad Istiaque , Srivastava Vaibhav , Church Benjamin , Rohatgi Pradeep , Salowitz Nathan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a recent investigation into the microstructural design and optimization of Nickel Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloy (SMA) reinforced metal-metal composites with considerations of material strength and self-healing ability.
Self-healing materials have the potential to revolutionize the design of engineering structures by changing the definition of failure, resulting in lighter weight and more efficient vehicles and structures. As a result, engineered self-healing materials and structures have been the subject of significant investigation in recent years. One of the most promising self-healing material systems is composed of NiTi SMA wires reinforcing a Bismuth-Tin (BiSn) metal matrix. After fracture, upon heating actuation, this non-autonomic self-healing system can restore bulk geometry, and then weld itself back together restoring nearly 100% of its original strength. Being entirely metallic, the entire structure is load bearing, and no consumables are expended in the healing process, meaning that healing can be repeated indefinitely.
The self-healing capability of NiTi reinforced Bi-Sn has been well demonstrated, but understanding of the material structure, failure mechanisms, and self-healing activity is currently very limited. The mechanics and related properties of failure around the interface between the NiTi wires (fibers) and BiSn matrix was only recently studied. It was found that chemically etching the NiTi wires to remove native oxides drastically increased the interface strength, sufficient to initiate detwinning of the NiTi and shape memory effect (normal stress &gt; 340 MPa) and produced alternate failure mechanisms.
Composite design relating volume fractions of fiber and matrix to strength and failure mechanisms has been well studied in static materials. However, breakage in this self-healing composite system is complicated by the detwinning and accumulation of recoverable strain in the NiTi during deformation.
This paper presents an investigation into the microstructural (composite) design of the NiTi-BiSn system. Design theory is developed matched to experimental results in a unidirectional NiTi-BiSn metal-metal composite for fiber diameter. Fiber diameter is related to actuation forces produced in individual NiTi fibers as well as surface area and the related stresses introduced relative to interfacial failure strengths. Overall volume fraction is also related to the potential strength of actuation (blocking stress) and potential production of residual compressive stresses after actuation through post constrained recovery residual stresses (PCRRS) in the NiTi.
Realization and Space-Qualification of a Solar Composite Panel With Integrated Supercapacitors
Authors: Geier Sebastian , Petersen Jan , Wierach Peter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Available energy is the most decisive factor for a successful space mission. The electrical energy provided, determines the duration of the mission and thus the amount of scientific data obtained. A lot of research is currently done to develop powerful and efficient batteries. Due to the chemical storage processes their lifetime is limited to much less than 30000 cycles. In contrast, supercapacitors use reversable physical processes for energy storage. This principle allows more than 1 million cycles. Therefore, they can be considered as maintenance-free and to be the ideal candidates for structural integration. This approach offers great opportunities to save weight and volume, which are interesting properties for expensive space applications.
In this publication, semi-finished thin-film supercapacitors are integrated into fiber-reinforced plastics composites by autoclave processing. The supercapacitors are manufactured using aluminum collectors coated a with an activated carbon electrode. As electrolyte the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide is used as electrolyte.
Within the project Hybrid Solar Energy Storage (HySES) an experimental setup was build using commercial batteries and integrated supercapacitors for a DLR satellite mission. After intensive electro-mechanical material characterizations and design challenges the whole setup was tested under vacuum-thermal cycling and intensive mechanical stresses. Following the project Peak Power Platform (PPP) 2019, this is the second application using integrated supercapacitors proven for in-orbit tests.
Prospective cohort study of Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Chen Changxi , Si Sha , Du Juan , Li Hongliang 
Published: October 2024

To investigate the epidemiological connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori). 6,478 retired and active workers, aged 22-69 years, were included in the study. Their baseline measures of height, weight, waist measurement, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, plasma lipid, liver function index, glycosylated hemoglobin, abdominal ultrasonography, and findings from the line “13 C urea breath test” H. pylori test were analyzed, and follow-up with consistent baseline methods and criteria was performed annually. Over a 4-year period, the prevalence of NAFLD increased by 16.9%, with 612 (18.7%) of those who tested positive for H. pylori developing NAFLD, whereas 484 (15.1%) of those who did not test positive for H. pylori were later diagnosed with new NAFLD ( χ2 = 14.862, P < 0.05). One of the risk factors identified in the univariable Cox regression model for NAFLD was H. pylori (Hazard Ratio = 1.297; 95.0% confidence interval (CI) 1.150,1.485, P < 0.000); however, H. pylori continued to be an independent factor affecting the risk of NAFLD even after accounting for gender, age, and aspects of the metabolic syndrome (Hazard Ratio = 1.240; 95.0% CI 1.077,1.429, P = 0.003). The growth of NAFLD may be correlated with H. pylori infection.
A computational study and analysis of Variational Quantum Eigensolver over multiple parameters for molecules and ions
Authors: Sivakumar Ashwin , K Nair Harishankar , Joshi Aurum , R Kenson Wesley , P Videsh Akash , P Reena Monica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaterial discovery is a phenomenon practiced since the evolution of the world. The discovery of materials has led to significant development in varied fields such as Science, Engineering and Technology. Computationally simulating molecules has been an area of interest in the industry as well as academia. However, simulating large molecules can be computationally expensive in terms of computing power and complexity. Quantum computing is a recent development that can improve the efficiency in predicting properties of atoms and molecules which will be useful for material design. The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is one such quantum algorithm used to calculate the ground state energy of molecules or ions. In this study, we have done a comparative analysis of the parameters that constitute the VQE algorithm. This includes components such as basis, qubit mapping, ansatz, and optimizers used. We have also developed a database consisting of 79 single atoms and their variations of oxidation states and 33 molecules with the data of their Hamiltonian and ground state energy and dipole moment.
MRI-free processing of tau PET images for early detection
Authors: Carlson Mackenzie L. , Smith Viktorija , Johns Emily , Young Christina B. , Vossler Hillary , Ward Tyler , Harrison Theresa M. , Tosun Duygu , Hohman Timothy , Landau Susan M. , Mormino Elizabeth C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is becoming increasingly common to assess in vivo tau burden. MR images are often acquired to assist with processing of PET data, including for region-of-interest definitions in native space and for normalization to template space. However, in the real-world setting, corresponding MRIs may not be available and PET processing may require MRI-free pipelines. This is particularly important and challenging as the field moves towards early detection among clinically unimpaired (CU) individuals where changes in tau PET signal are expected to be subtle. We used two independent [18F]Flortaucipir tau PET datasets to evaluate whether MRI-free PET processing can detect subtle tau PET uptake differences in Amyloid+ (A+) CU individuals (preclinical AD) versus A-. Standardized Uptake Value Ratios (SUVRs) from MRI-free compared to MRI-based methods were evaluated using linear regression and linear mixed-effects regression models. Effect size differences between A+/- CU groups in MRI-free processed cross-sectional and longitudinal tau PET SUVRs were compared to differences quantified through MRI-based processing. Regional MRI-free SUVRs were highly correlated with MRI-based SUVRs within CU individuals (average ICC = 0.90 for ADNI CU and 0.81 for A4 CU). MRI-free and MRI-based pipelines resulted in similar estimates of cross-sectional and longitudinal differences between A- and A+ CU, even in early focal regions within the medial temporal lobe.
Exploring Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Practices Among African Americans in Rural Counties: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Harvey Idethia Shevon , Mkuu Rahma S. , Thompson Roy , Nouzovsky Anna , Johnson Kenné , Story Chandra , Seals Kayla , Idoko Ehi , Wiggins Arika 
Published: October 2024

Purpose The purpose of the study was to understand diabetes self-management practices among African American individuals living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rural communities. Methods This qualitative descriptive study, undergirded by the theory of integration, purposively sampled African Americans (N = 34) diagnosed with T2D living in rural communities. Thematic analysis employed both a priori and inductive coding to identify salient themes. Results Participants’ mean age was 65.9 (SD 12.3) years, with an average T2D diagnosis duration of 14 (SE 11.2) years. Two major themes emerged: deciphering the cues and body sensing, which the participants used to monitor their glucose level using a personalized feedback loop. Those with longer diabetes duration demonstrated an ability to recognize hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic symptoms (deciphering the cues), informing their decision-making and self-management strategies (body sensing). Conclusions The decision-making involved in glycemic level management emerges as a complex developmental process influenced by disease trajectory and cultural and environmental factors. These findings may inform a conceptual framework to guide future inquiries and provide insights for primary care clinicians and diabetes care and education specialists to better understand the complexities of T2D management among African American individuals in rural settings.
Necrotizing fasciitis: treatment concepts & clinical outcomes – an institutional experience
Authors: Raveendranadh Ajay , Prasad S. S. , Viswanath Vivek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
A severe infection of the skin and soft tissues, Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF), spreads quickly along the deep fascia. This study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features, analyze the implicated bacteria’s antibiotic sensitivity, evaluate surgical management, and assess the diagnostic accuracy of the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score in Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection (NST).

Methods
This single-center prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, with 171 proven cases of NSTI between 2019 and 2021. Clinico-demographic data and laboratory investigation values were collected at two-time points (at admission and 72 h after admission). Imaging data, LRINEC score, culture results, and antibiotic sensitivity were recorded. Appropriate descriptive and analytical statistics were used for the statistical analysis.

Results
Of the 171 patients, 150 were male (87.7%). The mean age was 57.6 ± 13.1 years. The presenting features in all the cases were pain, swelling, and fever. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common comorbidity. The lower extremities were the most commonly affected sites. Streptococcus pyogenes showed significant growth in 25.41% of the samples. Ceftriaxone sensitivity was seen in 41/141. A score of ≥ 8 was obtained in 118/171 (69%) patients, suggesting a higher severity and significant risk for NSTI. The Area Under the Curve of Receiver Operating characteristic Curve (ROC) for establishing diagnostic accuracy for LRINEC was 0.694. Mortality was significantly higher in the patients with higher LRINEC scores and elevated procalcitonin. The mortality rate was higher in patients who underwent surgery within 12 h.

Conclusion
Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft tissue infection with a high mortality rate. The clinical features and determinants of mortality in patients with NF are highlighted in this study. At the outset, a high index of suspicion was critical. Using prognostic evaluation techniques in daily clinical practice will assist medical professionals in providing adequate on-time care and significantly lowering mortality. The AUC for LRINEC score, although significant, is low. LRINEC score is not to be used to determine whether surgical intervention should be expedited or anticipated. Its role is to aid in prognosticating the outcome of the individual patient. Our study concludes that early extensive surgical debridement remains the single most crucial intervention in patients diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis (NF), regardless of disease severity and the LRINEC score.
Cost-utility analysis for sublingual versus intravenous edaravone in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Liu Chang , Wu Yao , Wang Fangxu , Sun Shuang , Wei Jiayin , Tao Libo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Edaravone has been widely used in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) treatment, and a sublingual (SL) tablet has been developed to offer a more convenient alternative for injection. We present a cost-utility analysis to comprehensively evaluate the costs and health outcomes of oral and intravenous edaravone for the treatment of ALS in Chinese medical context.

Methods
Cost-utility analysis of SL tablets of edaravone versus intravenous edaravone at home was performed by constructing a 20-year Markov model of ALS stage 1–4 and death. The data were extracted from the literature with model assumptions. Typical sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis for administering SL tablets at home versus intravenous tablets at the hospital were performed.

Results
In the base case analysis, with SL tablets and intravenous injections both at home, the model estimated an additional cost of ¥12,670.04 and an additional 0.034 QALYs over 20 years (life time) of modeling analysis, and the ICER was ¥372,648.24 per QALY. However, in the scenario of intravenous administration at the hospital, SL tablet was demonstrated dominance to intravenous injection.

Conclusions
Using 3 times the GDP per capita of China in 2023 as the threshold, the SL tablet edaravone was not cost-effective in the context of home treatment for both formulationst, but was dominance to intravenous injection in hospital treatment. The results highlighted the importance of treatment context for health economic analysis.
CYP19A1 regulates chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through modulation of estrogen biosynthesis and mitochondrial function
Authors: Wang Yang , Ji Qiang , Cao Ning , Ge Guijie , Li Xiaomin , Liu Xiangdong , Mi Yanqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChemoresistance remains a major challenge in the effective treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), contributing to poor patient outcomes. While the molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance are complex and multifaceted, emerging evidence suggests that altered mitochondrial function and hormone signaling play crucial roles. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP19A1, a key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis, in regulating chemoresistance in CRC. Using a combination of in vitro functional assays, transcriptomic analysis, and clinical data mining, we demonstrate that CYP19A1 expression is significantly upregulated in CRC cells and patient-derived samples compared to normal controls. Mechanistically, we found that CYP19A1 regulates chemoresistance through modulation of mitochondrial function and complex I activity, which is mediated by CYP19A1-dependent estrogen biosynthesis. Notably, targeted inhibition of CYP19A1 and complex I using specific inhibitors effectively reversed the chemoresistance of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, analysis of the TCGA CRC dataset revealed that high CYP19A1 expression correlates with poor overall survival in chemotherapy-treated patients. Taken together, our findings uncover a novel role for CYP19A1 in regulating chemoresistance in CRC through modulation of mitochondrial function and estrogen signaling, and highlight the potential of targeting the CYP19A1/estrogen/complex I axis as a therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance and improve patient outcomes.
Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in the management of follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Zajkowska Klaudia , Cegla Paulina , Dedecjus Marek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFollicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas constitute the majority of thyroid malignancies. This heterogeneous group of tumours includes well differentiated, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated forms, which have distinct pathological features, clinical behaviour, and prognosis. Positron emission tomography with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose combined with computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) is an imaging modality used in routine clinical practice for oncological patients. [18F]FDG PET/CT has emerged as a valuable tool for identifying patients at high risk of poor clinical outcomes and for facilitating individualized clinical decision-making. The aim of this comprehensive review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in primary diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas considering the degree of differentiation. Controversial issues, including significance of accidentally detected [18F]FDG uptake in the thyroid, the role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in the early assessment of response to molecular targeted therapies, and its prognostic value are discussed in detail.
An adult case of large defect of small mesenteric hiatal hernia causing small bowel obstruction
Authors: Horiuchi Yuki , Nishimura Erica , Sashi Eriko , Matsuo Kazuhiro , Watanobe Nozomi , Ohtani Risa , Matsunami Koshiro , Muroi Takako , Hara Asuka , Hayashi Keita , Tajima Yuki , Kaneko Yasushi , Hamanaka Rurika , Fujisaki Hiroto , Hongo Kumiko , Yo Kikuo , Yoneyama Kimiyasu , Takano Kiminori , Nakagawa Motohito 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Small mesenteric hiatal hernias (SMHHs) are defined as a small group of internal hernias (IHs) that frequently diagnosed in children. However, SMHHs are relatively rare in adults. Bowel loop herniation via an abnormal mesenteric defect can lead to strangulated intestinal obstruction. Congenital SMHHs are commonly observed in pediatric patients, with some cases involving neonatal death.

Case presentation
A 24-year-old healthy male patient visited our hospital with a 2-day history of a sudden onset lower abdominal pain. He was initially diagnosed with enteritis. However, his symptoms worsened, and he was brought to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan showed formation of a closed loop in the small intestine within the pelvis and signs of ischemia. As the patient was diagnosed with small bowel obstruction (SBO) caused by IH, emergency laparoscopic surgery was performed to loosen the obstruction. The patient was found to have ascites and small-bowel necrosis. A part of the small intestine that measured 30 cm was strangulated via a large-diameter defect (17 × 11 cm) in the ileal mesentery. Via a small abdominal incision, the necrotic bowel was resected, and the mesenteric defect was repaired.

Conclusion
SMHHs are rare in adults, and they should be considered as potential causes of strangulated intestinal obstruction in adults without a history of laparotomy or trauma.