bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Genetic Algorithm for Stochastic Inversion in Contaminant Subsurface Hydrology
Authors: Moreno Ziv , Paster Amir 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIdentifying the spatial distribution of hydrological properties of aquifers is a key problem in subsurface hydrology. The aquifer structure plays an important role in contaminant transport. Identifying the properties (primarily the hydraulic conductivity) is essentially an inversion problem that is ill‐posed, non‐unique and computationally intensive by definition. In this work, the non‐uniqueness of the inverse problem is tackled via a novel Genetic Algorithm approach combined with a geostatistical method (Sequential Indicator Simulations) for construction of realizations of properties spatial distributions, which are modeled as random. The Genetic Algorithm cross‐over operator is based on a novel concept of pilot‐planes: daughter realizations adopt pilot‐planes from one of their parents. In addition, each aquifer realization is conditioned on the geological hard data and is constructed by sampling the facies distribution, evaluated by indicator variograms. The approach is illustrated in two test cases: a synthetic two‐dimensional (2D) case and an actual three‐dimensional (3D) case. The results have shown the ability of the proposed approach to generate a set of realizations, where each individual exhibits minor deviations from the measurements. Further, a comparison between the proposed approach and direct (Monte Carlo) approach shows that the Genetic Algorithm was able to generate an ensemble of solutions with a better fitting of the measurements than the direct approach by a significantly reduced computational effort.
Recommendations for the clinical interpretation of genetic variants and presentation of results to patients with inherited bleeding disorders. A UK Haemophilia Centre Doctors’ Organisation Good Practice Paper
Authors: Gomez Keith , Laffan Mike , Keeney Steve , Sutherland Megan , Curry Nikki , Lunt Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper sets out good practice for clinicians involved in interpreting variant reports for patients with inherited bleeding disorders. It is aimed primarily at doctors, nurses and allied healthcare professionals who may not have had specific training in genetic testing methodology or reporting. It deals with uncertainty in classification of variant pathogenicity and the handling of incidental findings.
Structural, magnetic, and optical properties of nano‐sized Ni0.85Se
Authors: Heiba Zein K. , Mohamed Mohamed Bakr , Mostafa Nasser Y. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNanocrystalline Ni0.85Se was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. X‐ray diffraction analysis by Rietveld method indicated that Ni0.85Se has a NiAs‐type hexagonal structure. Narrow crystallite size distribution with an average area‐weighted size of 〈ɛF〉 = 8.5 nm is obtained by Warren‐Averbach method. Structural analysis revealed deformed Se atoms octahedron with the shortest distance between Se atoms in adjacent planes 〈Se–Se〉adj smaller than between nearest neighbors in layer plane 〈Se–Se〉nea, and a rather short interatomic distance between the transition metal atoms 〈Ni–Ni〉. The optical property of Ni0.85Se was studied by UV‐spectroscopy. Magnetic measurement shows a ferromagnetic phase transition for Ni0.85Se below 14 K.
Evaluation of food labelling usefulness for consumers
Authors: Moreira M. J. , García‐Díez J. , de Almeida J. M. M. M. , Saraiva C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFood labelling is a means of communication between food business operators and consumers, representing an important factor in consumer purchasing decisions. The enforcement of the new food labelling policy is aimed to improve food safety and public health through the mandatory indication of information and nutritional values. To understand the usefulness of the information provided for consumers, a survey was carried out to assess the efficacy of the information presented in food labelling. Principal component analysis was performed to obtain a smaller number of uncorrelated factors regarding the usefulness of food labelling. Results showed consumers usually do not read food labels due to lack of time and excessive information. Additionally, food labelling was observed to be more useful for specific consumer groups, such as, athletes, consumers with health conditions or consumers concerned with a healthy lifestyle. The results of the present study highlight the need of information campaigns by public health authorities to show the importance and advantages of reading food labels as well as the development of essential information which should be quickly and clearly seen and understood by consumers.
Thermochemical investigation of lithium borate glasses and crystals
Authors: Wu Lili , Koryttseva Anastasia , Groß Christoph B. M. , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLithium borate (LB) glasses and crystals with x = Li/(Li + B) = mole fraction of Li2O of 0.2–0.5 have been synthesized by the quenching method. The thermodynamics of these materials were analyzed by high‐temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. The formation enthalpies from oxides of glasses range from −33.6 to −67.3 kJ/mol and those of crystals range from −42.1 to −77.4 kJ/mol, where compositions are given on the basis of one mole of (Li2O + B2O3). The formation enthalpies of both glasses and crystals become more negative with increasing Li2O mole fraction up to 0.5. The enthalpies of formation of glasses can be fit over the entire composition range (0 < x < 1) by a quadratic polynomial). The vitrification enthalpies were derived for x = 0.2 to 0.5 and ranged from 8.5 to 17.6 kJ/mol. The main factors controlling energetics are the strongly exothermic acid–base reaction between the network former (B2O3) and the network modifier (Li2O) and the formation of tetrahedrally coordinated boron in the glasses and crystals.
Fibroblast growth factor 16 stimulates proliferation but blocks differentiation of rat stem Leydig cells during regeneration
Authors: Duan Yue , Wang Yiyan , Li Xiaoheng , Mo Jiaying , Guo Xiaoling , Li Chao , Tu Mengyan , Ge Fei , Zheng Wenwen , Lin Jing , Ge Ren‐Shan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor 16 (FGF16) on Leydig cell regeneration in ethane dimethane sulphonate (EDS)‐treated rat testis.MethodsWe intraperitoneally inject 75 mg/kg EDS to adult male Sprague Dawley rats and then intratesticularly inject FGF16 (0, 10 and 100 ng/testis/day) from post‐EDS day 14 for 14 days. We investigate serum hormone levels, Leydig cell number, gene and protein expression in vivo. We also explore the effects of FGF16 treatment on stem Leydig cell proliferation in vitro.ResultsFGF16 lowers serum testosterone levels (21.6% of the control at a dose of 100 ng/testis) without affecting the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) on post‐EDS day 28 in vivo. FGF16 increases Leydig cell number at doses of 10 and 100 ng/mg without affecting Sertoli cell number, increases the percentage of PCNA‐positive Leydig cells, and down‐regulates the expression of Leydig cell genes (Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1 and Hsd17b3) and Sertoli cell genes (Fshr, Dhh and Sox9) and their proteins in vivo. FGF16 increases phosphorylation of AKT1 and AKT2 as well as EKR1/2 in vivo, indicating that it possibly acts via AKT1/ATK2 and ERK1/2 pathways. FGF16 also lowers medium testosterone levels and down‐regulates the expression of Leydig cell genes (Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1 and Hsd17b3) but increases EdU incorporation into stem Leydig cells in vitro.ConclusionsThese data suggest that FGF16 stimulates stem and progenitor Leydig cell proliferation but blocks their differentiation, thus lowering testosterone biosynthesis.
The protective effects of XH‐105 against radiation‐induced intestinal injury
Authors: Cheng Ying , Dong Yinping , Hou Qinlian , Wu Jing , Zhang Wei , Tian Hongqi , Li Deguan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRadiation‐induced intestinal injury is one of the major side effects in patients receiving radiation therapy. There is no specific treatment for radiation enteritis in the clinic. We designed and synthesized a new compound named XH‐105, which is expected to cleave into polyphenol and aminothiol in vivo to mitigate radiation injury. In the following study, we describe the beneficial effects of XH‐105 against radiation‐induced intestinal injury. C57BL/6J mice were treated by gavage with XH‐105 1 hour before total body irradiation (TBI), and the survival rate was monitored. Histological changes were examined, and survival of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells Ki67+ cells, villi+ enterocytes and lysozymes was determined by immunohistochemistry. DNA damage and cellular apoptosis in intestinal tissue were also evaluated. Compared to vehicle‐treated mice after TBI, XH‐105 treatment significantly enhanced the survival rate, attenuated structural damage of the small intestine, decreased the apoptotic rate, reduced DNA damage, maintained cell regeneration and promoted crypt proliferation and differentiation. XH‐105 also reduced the expression of Bax and p53 in the small intestine. These data suggest that XH‐105 is beneficial for the protection of radiation‐induced intestinal injury by inhibiting the p53‐dependent apoptosis signalling pathway.
High‐speed display‐delayed planar X‐ray inspection system for the fast detection of small fishbones
Authors: Zhong Jian , Zhang Fengping , Lu Zhiwen , Liu Yaomin , Wang Xichang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe fast detection of native hazardous material (fishbones) and foreign material contamination (metals, stones, pen caps, etc.) have limited mass production and good sale of fish fillets in aquatic product processing plant. In this work, we developed a high speed display‐delayed planar X‐ray inspection system, which could be applied to rapidly and efficiently distinguish small fishbones in fish fillets and foreign material contamination with fish fillets. It had a high resolution of short metal lines (at least 2 mm in length and 0.2 mm in diameter) and small fishbones (4 mm in length and 0.6 mm in diameter). Moreover, it could be applied to efficiently distinguish small fishbones in frozen fish fillets. The theoretical and practical basis of high speed high resolution display‐delayed X‐ray inspection system is also discussed in this work. All the results confirmed that this system was efficient, fast, and convenient for the detection of small fishbones. This work provides a useful way for fast detection of small fishbones in fish fillets in aquatic product processing plant.Practical applicationsThe practical application of this article is to identify the native hazardous material (fishbones) and foreign material contamination (metals, stones, pen caps, etc.) in mass production of fish fillets in aquatic product processing plant by high‐speed display‐delayed X‐ray system. Compared with traditional finger touching and eye observing method, high‐speed display‐delayed X‐ray system can be applied to identify fishbones and foreign materials quickly and conveniently. Moreover, this system had a high resolution of small fishbones (4 mm in length and 0.6 mm in diameter), which could satisfied the international food standard of “standard for quick frozen fish fillets.” Especially, it could be applied to efficiently distinguish small fishbones in frozen fish fillets.
Expert consensus on the clinical management of pyrrolizidine alkaloid‐induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
Authors: Zhuge Yuzheng , Liu Yulan , Xie Weifen , Zou Xiaoping , Xu Jianming , Wang Jiyao ,   Chinese Society of Gastroenterology Committee of Hepatobiliary Disease
Published: January 2019

AbstractHepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is a hepatic vascular disease presenting with abdominal distension, pain in the hepatic region, ascites, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. In China, this disease is often associated with the oral intake of plants that contain pyrrolidine alkaloids. The existing guidelines are limited to HSOS associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Western countries. The Hepatobiliary Diseases Committee of the Chinese Society of Gastroenterology convened an expert consensus conference on the diagnosis and treatment of PA–HSOS to evaluate current research in China and abroad. The “Nanjing criteria” developed by the committee to diagnose PA–HSOS include a confirmed history of PA‐containing plant use and (i) abdominal distention and/or pain in the hepatic region, hepatomegaly, and ascites; (ii) elevation of serum total bilirubin or abnormal laboratory liver tests; (iii) evidence on enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging; or (iv) pathological evidence that rules out other known causes of liver injury. Supportive symptomatic treatment, anticoagulant therapy, and placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for patients who do not respond to medical treatment are effective for the treatment of PA–HSOS. The benefits of glucocorticoids and prostaglandin E1 in PA–HSOS are not clear.
Prevalence and correlations of temporomandibular disorders in Northern Jordan using diagnostic criteria axis I
Authors: Alrashdan Mohammad S. , Nuseir Amjad , AL‐Omiri Mahmoud K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to document the prevalence and possible correlations of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a sample of participants from Northern Jordan.MethodsA total of 368 adult participants were consecutively selected from visitors to a major health facility in Northern Jordan and examined according to the diagnostic criteria (DC) for TMD (DC/TMD) protocol. Patients with conditions that could interfere with TMD diagnosis were excluded. Pearson correlation and analysis of variance statistical tests were applied. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05, with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsA total of 98 patients (26.7%) had 1 TMD diagnoses; 60 participants (16.3%) had a pain‐related TMD diagnosis, 48 (13%) had intra‐articular joint disorders (IAD), and 16 had both pain‐related TMD and IAD. In addition, six (1.6%) participants were found to have degenerative joint disease. Females were found to have a higher prevalence of pain‐related TMD diagnoses (r = 0.111, P = 0.034) and headache (r = 0.129, P = 0.013) than males. Clicking was positively related to both pain‐related TMD (r = 0.154, P = 0.003) and IAD (r = 0.576, P = 0.000).ConclusionThe frequency of TMD and related features was reported in a Northern Jordanian population using DC/TMD for the first time, and the results are comparable to other populations in similar study settings.
Development and psychometric properties of the Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disability Questionnaire – Short Form
Authors: Morin D. , Valois P. , Crocker A. G. , Robitaille C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding public attitudes towards people with intellectual disability (ID) can help orient activities to promote the social inclusion of this group. The ATTitudes toward Intellectual Disability (ATTID) questionnaire is a validated 67‐item tool used to assess attitudes towards people with ID from a multidimensional perspective. It is based on a five‐factor model tapping into cognitive, emotional and behavioural components of attitudes. In order to facilitate international research, the goal of this study was to develop a short version that would retain the long form's psychometric properties.MethodsAnalyses were conducted on a sample of 1608 respondents who completed the full‐length ATTID. A four‐step test refinement procedure was used to reduce the number of items. The first two steps involved a Cronbach's alpha analysis. Items retained were then reviewed to assess face validity. Correlations between factors were calculated, and a factor analysis was performed to compare the original and short forms.ResultsThe number of items in the ATTID was reduced from 67 to 35. The short form maintained good overall reliability. The correlational pattern between factors in both the long and short form is generally the same. The factor analysis of the short form showed a similar five‐factor structure with some loss of variance.ConclusionsWe recommend the short form be used when administration time is an issue, particularly in a research context. Replication studies with new samples are needed to further assess the psychometric properties of the ATTID‐Short Form.
Estimating Trend Inflation Based on Unobserved Components Model: Is It Correlated with the Inflation Gap?
Authors: HWU SHIH‐TANG , KIM CHANG‐JIN 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBuilding on the work of Stock and Watson (2007), this paper empirically shows that a negative correlation between innovations to trend inflation and the inflation gap plays an important role in the dynamics of postwar U.S. inflation. Additional features that we incorporate in our model include regime‐switching inflation gap persistence and association between inflation and inflation uncertainty. The resulting estimate of trend inflation is smooth, and our model provides superior out‐of‐sample forecasts than Stock and Watson's (2007) unobserved components model with stochastic volatility or than Atkeson and Ohanian's (2001) random walk model does.
Educational diagnosis of self‐management behaviours in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia based on the PRECEDE model: Qualitative study
Authors: Gorina Marta , Limonero Joaquín T. , Álvarez María 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify the key factors of adopting self‐care behaviours in the treatment of diabetes mellitus II, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia when the three conditions appear simultaneously.BackgroundDiabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia are chronic health problems which often appear together. The correct monitoring of these pathologies when they concur simultaneously requires specific health management behaviours, to which a significant part of the population is unable of adhering, despite recommendations from professional healthcare workers.DesignA qualitative study using focus groups techniques was carried out. The elements related to the content were drafted following the recommendations of the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ checklist).MethodsPatients with simultaneous diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia, as well as nursing professionals and family doctors who have treated patients at primary care centres, were the key sources of information. The methodology used to analyse the information was content analysis.ResultsThere were factors which can positively or negatively determine the adoption of the self‐management recommendations that healthcare professionals make to patients who simultaneously have diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. These factors were not only associated with the patient, but also with the health carers themselves and the healthcare system and policies in force.ConclusionsWhen health professionals provide recommendations for self‐care to people diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia simultaneously, they should bear in mind not only the determinants of behaviour associated with the patient, but also those that are related to the health professionals themselves and with the healthcare system. The PRECEDE model could be a good tool to identify and design health education programs.Relevance to clinical practiceThe knowledge of the determinants of health behaviour of patients with chronic diseases could improve adherence patients to health recommendations, avoid associated complications and increase their quality of life.
Dental occlusion and body balance: A question of environmental constraints?
Authors: Julià‐Sánchez Sonia , Álvarez‐Herms Jesús , Burtscher Martin 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundIn the past few years, growing interest was given to the relationship between the dental occlusion and the body balance. While most research focused on this relationship at static conditions, it is evident that the contribution of the sensory information for balance control is different depending on the environmental constraints.Research questionThe aim of the present paper was to elucidate whether the stomatognathic system (SS) contributes differently on body balance regulation according to the presence of external disturbances.MethodsLiterature regarding the different sources involved in the proprioceptive information to the SS was reviewed. The influence of dental occlusion on balance control at different external environments was then explored.ResultsThe main findings are: (a) a plausible evidence between the masticatory and cervical muscles can be described; (b) a reciprocal connection between the trigeminal and vestibular nuclei supports the influence of the SS on body balance; (c) traditionally, research involving the relationship between the SS and balance control has focused on strictly controlled situations, thus, ignoring the sensory reweighting which occurs depending on the external disturbances; and (d) the afferences of dental occlusion for balance control seem strengthened when more difficult conditions are present.ConclusionResults of the present review suggest that afferent signals from dental occlusion effectively contribute to balance control when more external perturbations are present, that is unstable support surface, fatigue and tasks being performed. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which dental occlusion may influence balance control focusing on different external environments.
Is the use of Cannabis associated with periodontitis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chisini Luiz A. , Cademartori Mariana G. , Francia Alejandro , Mederos Matias , Grazioli Guillermo , Conde Marcus C. M. , Correa Marcos B. 
Published: January 2019

Recent studies have shown that there is also biological plausibility for a possible relationship between periodontal disease and Cannabis use, thus the aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of Cannabis is associated with periodontitis. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, ISI‐Web of Science, BVS‐Virtual health library and Scielo without restrictions. Search strategy was performed using relevant keywords considering the structure of each database. Longitudinal and cross‐sectional studies that investigated the association between the use of Cannabis and periodontal disease were included. Meta‐analyses and sensitivity analysis were conducted. A total of 143 records were found in the initial searches and five articles were included in the systematic review, being four studies included in the meta‐analysis. Overall, 13 491 individuals were included, of which 49.5% were males. Three of included studies investigated the relationship between cannabis and periodontal disease in adults and the other two studies were performed in adolescents. A positive association was observed between the use of cannabis and periodontitis (PR 1.12 CI 95% [1.06‐1.19]) with 19.0% of heterogeneity. The analysis of sensibility showed that none study influenced the results enough to change the pooled estimate. Regarding to the quality assessment, all studies presented high quality. The results of systematic review and meta‐analyses demonstrate that the use of Cannabis is associated with a higher prevalence of periodontitis.