bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A genetic variant in PIK3R1 is associated with pancreatic cancer survival in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhu Ying , Ke Juntao , Gong Yajie , Yang Yang , Peng Xiating , Tian Jianbo , Zou Danyi , Yang Nan , Wang Xiaoyang , Mei Shufang , Rao Meilin , Ying Pingting , Deng Yao , Wang Haoxue , Zhang Hongli , Li Bin , Wan Hao , Li Yue , Niu Siyuan , Cai Yimin , Zhang Ming , Lu Zequn , Zhong Rong , Miao Xiaoping , Chang Jiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies with few early detection tests or effective therapies. PI3K‐AKT signaling is recognized to modulate cancer progression. We previously identified that a genetic variant in PKN1 increased pancreatic cancer risk through the PKN1/FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. In order to investigate the associations between genetic variations in that pathway and pancreatic cancer prognosis, we conducted a two‐stage survival analysis in a total of 547 Chinese pancreatic cancer patients. Consequently, a variant, rs13167294 A>C in PIK3R1, was significantly associated with poor survival in both stages and with hazard ratio being 1.32 (95% CI = 1.13‐1.56, P = 0.0007) in the combined analysis. Function annotation and prediction suggested that genetic variants in this locus might affect overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients by regulating PIK3R1 expression.
Electrochemistry of Layered Semiconducting AIIIBVI Chalcogenides: Indium Monochalcogenides (InS, InSe, InTe)
Authors: Wang Yong , Szökölová Katerina , Nasir Muhammad Zafir Mohamad , Sofer Zdenek , Pumera Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLayered AIIIBVI chalcogenides represent an interesting class semiconductors, where most of adopting 2D structures. Unlike the typical sandwiched structure of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered AIIIBVI chalcogenides like InSe and GaSe are composed of X−M−M−X motif where M is gallium/indium and X is sulfur/selenium/tellurium. The exception is InS, which adopt an orthorhombic 3D structure. Herein, we studied and compared the inherent electrochemical properties as well as the electrocatalytic performances towards hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen evolution (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of indium monochalcogenides (InS, InSe and InTe). Inherent electrochemistry studies in phosphate buffered saline electrolyte showed that InS did not exhibit any inherent electrochemical signals when compared to bare glassy carbon electrode. However, InSe showed a reduction peak at −1.6 V while InTe had an oxidation peak at 0.2 V. The heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) rates of indium monochalcogenides were measured with [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− redox probe using cyclic voltammetry (vs. Ag/AgCl) at the scan rate of 100 mV s−1. It was found that InTe exhibited the best electrochemical performance with the fastest HET rate with highest
obtained (3.7×10−3 cm s−1). InS showed the best electrocatalytic performance for HER with the lowest overpotential value of 0.92 V at current density of −10 mA cm−2. However, the performances of indium monochalcogenides were almost comparable to that of bare glassy carbon electrode and do not exhibit any improvements in electrocatalytic capabilities. This study provides insights into the electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic performances of layered AIIIBVI indium monochalcogenides which would influence potential applications.
Association left ventricular lead and ventricular arrhythmias after upgrade to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators
Authors: Kawamura Mitsuharu , Arai Shuhei , Yoshikawa Kosuke , Gokan Toshihiko , Ogawa Ko , Ochi Akinori , Onishi Yoshimi , Munetsugu Yumi , Ito Hiroyuki , Onuki Tatsuya , Kobayashi Youichi , Shinke Toshiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are some controversial reports related to the pro‐arrhythmic or anti‐arrhythmic potential of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and little is known about the relationship between ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and left ventricular (LV)‐lead threshold.HypothesisUpgrade CRT is anti‐arrhythmic effect of VA with implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) patients and has a relationship with the incident of VA and LV‐lead threshold.MethodsAmong 384 patients with the implantation of CRT‐defibrillator (CRT‐D), 102 patients underwent an upgrade from ICD to CRT‐D. We divided patients into three groups; anti‐arrhythmic effect after upgrade (n = 22), pro‐arrhythmic effect (n = 14), and unchanging‐VA events (n = 66). The VA event was determined by device reports. We described the electrocardiography parameters, LV‐lead characteristics, and clinical outcomes.ResultsBefore upgrade, the numbers of VA were 305 episodes and the numbers of ICD therapy were 157 episodes. While after upgrade, the numbers of VA were 193 episodes and the number of ICD therapy were 74 episodes. Ventricular tachycardia cycle length (VT‐CL) after upgrade was significantly slower as compared to those with before upgrade. Pro‐arrhythmic group was significantly higher with delta LV‐lead threshold (after 1 month—baseline) as compared to those with anti‐arrhythmic group (0.74 vs −0.21 V). Furthermore, pro‐arrhythmic group was significantly bigger with delta VT‐CL (after 3 months—before 3 months) as compared to those with anti‐arrhythmic group (P = .03).ConclusionsWe described upgrade‐CRT was associated with reduction of VA, ICD therapies and VT‐CL. While 14 patients had a pro‐arrhythmic effect and LV lead threshold might be associated with VA‐incidents.
Evaluation of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Food Effect of Danirixin Hydrobromide Tablets in Japanese Healthy Elderly Participants
Authors: Iida Takayuki , Matsuzawa Yuki , Ogura Hirofumi , Nagakubo Takashi , Wakamatsu Akira , Ambery Claire , Miller Bruce E. , Lazaar Aili L. , Numachi Yotaro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDanirixin is a selective and reversible CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist that may be useful for the treatment of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of danirixin after administration of single oral doses of 10, 50, and 100 mg danirixin hydrobromide (HBr) tablets in the fed state (high‐fat meal) (part 1) and to evaluate the food effect (low‐fat meal) on the pharmacokinetics of danirixin after administration of a single oral dose of 50 mg danirixin HBr tablets (part 2). A total of 34 Japanese healthy elderly male participants were enrolled; 18 participants were included in part 1, and 16 in part 2. The systemic exposure to danirixin (maximum blood concentration [Cmax] and area under the concentration‐time curve [AUC0‐t]) increased in an approximately dose‐proportional manner. The exposure to danirixin was lower in the fed state (low‐fat meal) than in the fasted state (a 56% and 35% decrease in Cmax and AUC0‐t, respectively). This first study of danirixin in Japanese healthy elderly participants showed a favorable safety profile with no drug‐related adverse events and no clinically significant concerns in clinical laboratory values, vital signs, ocular examination, or electrocardiograms.
Hydroxyl Radical Addition to Thymine and Cytosine and Photochemistry of the Adducts at the C6 Position
Authors: Borràs Vicent J. , Francés‐Monerris Antonio , Roca‐Sanjuán Daniel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOxidative damage can compromise the biological function of DNA/RNA nucleobases. Among the several agents that can cause oxidative damage in cells, the hydroxyl radical (.OH) is considered one of the most reactive species able to add at either the C5 or C6 positions of the C5=C6 double bond of pyrimidine nucleobases. The present work tackles, firstly, the ground state reactivity of the thymine and cytosine nucleobases with .OH using the DFT method. We find that the most favorable attack occurs at the C5 atom in both cases, although C6 is also probable, as observed in previous experimental studies. Secondly, the photochemistry of the C6OH. and T6OH. adducts (which can absorb visible light) is studied at the CASPT2//CASSCF level of theory. In C6OH., the most probable decay corresponds to the return to the initial geometry, whereas in T6OH., distinct processes can compete: (i) return to the Franck‐Condon region, (ii) deactivation by fluorescence emission, (iii) reversion of the oxidation lesion and (iv) the formation of an unstable ketene photoproduct reported herein for the first time.
Excited State Conformations of Bridged and Unbridged Pyrene Excimers
Authors: Reiter Sebastian , Roos Matthias K. , de Vivie‐Riedle Regina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPyrene is a prime example of molecules that form dimers in the excited state. These excimers give rise to a highly distinguishable, red‐shifted emission band which is of major importance in applications such as bio‐labeling, light‐harvesting or as organic sensors. Understanding this excimer fluorescence on a molecular level is therefore of crucial importance. We systematically investigate excited state conformations of pyrene dimers, using quantum chemical calculations and geometry optimizations. Furthermore, we study the effects of a bridging alkyl chain between the pyrene units on the conformation of the excimers. We report several conformations that were previously unknown. While fluorescence from the often discussed fully stacked excimer structures is symmetry forbidden, the newly found molecular arrangements where the pyrene units are rotated against each other are emissive in the experimentally observed range. These minima can be a contributing factor to the observed broadened fluorescence band of pyrene excimers.
Switching on the green light for chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy
Authors: Mardiana Sherly , Lai Junyun , House Imran Geoffrey , Beavis Paul Andrew , Darcy Phillip Kevin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdoptive cellular therapy involving genetic modification of T cells with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transgene offers a promising strategy to broaden the efficacy of this approach for the effective treatment of cancer. Although remarkable antitumor responses have been observed following CAR T‐cell therapy in a subset of B‐cell malignancies, this has yet to be extended in the context of solid cancers. A number of promising strategies involving reprogramming the tumor microenvironment, increasing the specificity and safety of gene‐modified T cells and harnessing the endogenous immune response have been tested in preclinical models that may have a significant impact in patients with solid cancers. This review will discuss these exciting new developments and the challenges that must be overcome to deliver a more sustained and potent therapeutic response.
Heart failure in Finland: clinical characteristics, mortality, and healthcare resource use
Authors: Huusko Jenni , Kurki Samu , Toppila Iiro , Purmonen Timo , Lassenius Mariann , Gullberg Elisabet , Wirta Sara Bruce , Ukkonen Heikki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study were to describe patient characteristics of the adult chronic heart failure (HF) population and to estimate the prevalence, incidence, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and mortality associated with HF in Southwest Finland.Methods and resultsThis was a retrospective biobank and clinical registry study. Adult patients with an HF diagnosis (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) code I50) during 2004–2013 in secondary care were included in the study and compared with age‐matched and gender‐matched control patients without an I50 diagnosis. HF patients were stratified in groups by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as follows: LVEF < 40% [HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)]; LVEF ≥ 40% [HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)]; or unknown (LVEF unknown). HCRU was stratified by inpatient, outpatient, and emergency room visits. In 2013, the incidence of HF was 3.2/1000, and the prevalence was 13.9/1000 inhabitants (n = 15 594). In the stratified analysis of HF patients (n = 8833, average ± SD age 77.1 ± 11.2), 1115 (12.6%) patients had HFrEF (female 31.3%), 1449 (16.4%) had HFpEF (female 50.9%), and 6269 (71%) had unknown LVEF (female 52.1%). The most common co‐morbidities were essential hypertension (58%), chronic elevated serum creatinine (57.3%), atrial fibrillation and flutter (55.1%), and chronic ischaemic heart disease (46.4%). Patients with HF diagnosis had higher HCRU compared with that of age‐matched and gender‐matched controls (3.7 more days per year at the hospital for HF patients compared with the controls). The total 5 year mortality was 62.6% for HF patients and 28.3% for controls, with higher age being the strongest predictor of mortality. Moreover, multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that patients with HFrEF had a 13% (95% confidence interval 2.7–25%) increased risk of mortality compared with HFpEF patients.ConclusionsThe high mortality rate and HCRU among the studied HF patients highlight the severity of the disease and the economic and social burden on both patients and society. This calls for improved methods of care for this large patient population.
Short‐chain fatty acids: Bacterial messengers modulating the immunometabolism of T cells
Authors: Luu Maik , Visekruna Alexander 
Published: May 2019

AbstractShort‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are mainly generated by bacterial fermentation of non‐digestible carbohydrates such as dietary fiber. In the last decade, new investigations have revealed that SCFAs have a very specific function and serve as active microbial metabolites, which are able to modulate the function of immune cells in the intestine and other tissues. Recent studies have highlighted the immunomodulatory potential of SCFAs in several autoimmune and inflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis, colitis, type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. While the SCFA‐mediated activation of GPR41/GPR43 signalling pathways and their inhibitory activity on histone deacetylases have been extensively investigated, the impact of SCFAs on the T cell metabolism is poorly understood. SCFAs induce metabolic alterations in T cells by enhancing the activity of the mTOR complex and by regulating their glucose metabolism. Once taken up into T lymphocytes, SCFA‐derived acetyl groups contribute to the cellular acetyl‐CoA pool, which influences the histone acetylation and cytokine gene expression. This article reviews how SCFAs modulate the metabolic status of T cells, thereby impacting on epigenetic modifications and T cell function. We will also discuss how the recent findings from SCFA biology might be utilized for potential immune therapies of various autoimmune diseases.
Comparison of Acute and Chronic Toxicity Laboratory Bioassay Endpoints with Benthic Community Responses in Field-Exposed Contaminated Sediments
Authors: Moore David W. , Farrar Daniel , Altman Safra , Bridges Todd S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Sediment toxicity is usually assessed by conducting laboratory bioassays on thoroughly homogenized, field-collected, sediment samples. Although it is generally held that these bioassays provide a conservative assessment of the potential for environmental impact, there are few studies comparing the results of laboratory sediment bioassays with actual measures of benthic community health in exposed field populations. To help inform an understanding of the relative efficacy of laboratory-based bioassays in predicting potential impacts in exposed field populations, a laboratory-to-field comparison study was conducted. Laboratory bioassays included standard 10-d acute toxicity tests measuring survival in 4 species of estuarine/marine amphipods (Eohaustorius estuarius, Ampelisca abdita, Rhepoxinius abronius, and Leptocheirus plumulosus) and 2 longer term, 28-d sublethal tests with a marine polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodentata (survival and growth), and the amphipod L. plumulosus (survival, growth, and reproduction). A highly contaminated and toxic sediment was mixed with a cleaner sediment of similar grain size to produce a series of diluted contaminated sediment treatments (0, 6, 12, 25, and 50%). Sediment treatments were placed in containers and deployed in the field. At specified intervals (at time of deployment and 9 and 12 mo post deployment), containers were retrieved from the field and analyzed for sediment chemistry, infaunal community composition, and toxicity. Laboratory toxicity endpoints were compared with measures of benthic community health to evaluate the ability of the toxicity tests to accurately predict benthic impacts. The results of these comparisons indicate that the laboratory tests evaluated provide conservative estimates of potential benthic community impacts, with both acute and chronic tests detecting effects at lower treatment levels than were detected in exposed field populations using traditional measures of benthic community health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1784–1802. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Economic Activity Generated by Angling at Small South Dakota Lakes
Authors: Sundmark Aaron P , Gigliotti Larry M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Many agencies overlook the values affiliated with relatively small fisheries throughout their jurisdictions. The economic activity associated with angling visits to seven small fisheries in South Dakota was estimated using IMPLAN software. The average economic activity associated with fishing at individual lakes in 2016 was US$35,369/lake, which was estimated to support an average of 0.48 jobs and create $5,572 in tax revenues. We observed that lakes with the highest proportions of ice fishing pressure also had the greatest associated economic activity, even though several of these had the lowest overall fishing pressure throughout the year. In addition to economic activity, the zone of influence for each lake was estimated and compared with the proximity to urban centers. The inclusion of economic information from small fisheries may play an important role in influencing key strategic planning efforts by management agencies and in estimating the overall economic importance of angling on broader scales.
Glioma brain tumor detection and segmentation using weighting random forest classifier with optimized ant colony features
Authors: Rajagopal R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe uncontrolled growth of cells in brain regions leads to the tumor regions and these abnormal tumor regions are scanned by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique as an image. This paper proposes random forest classifier based Glioma brain tumor detection and segmentation methodology using feature optimization technique. The texture features are derived from brain MRI image and these derived feature set are now optimized by ant colony optimization algorithm. These optimized set of features are trained and classified using random forest classification method. This classifier classifies the brain MRI image into Glioma or non‐Glioma image based on the optimized set of features. Furthermore, energy‐based segmentation method is applied on the classified Glioma image for segmenting the tumor regions. The proposed methodology for Glioma brain tumor stated in this paper achieves 97.7% of sensitivity, 96.5% of specificity, and 98.01% of accuracy.
Defensive patterns in reflective group supervisions at Child Health Centres
Authors: Salomonsson Björn 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTReflective group supervision with infant healthcare workers has been described in several publications. It aims to enhance their ability to help distressed families, and to comprehend and relieve themselves of the distress that they encounter in such work. The ultimate aim has been formulated as an effort at increasing the professional's reflective function. The present article adds to the literature by applying an ego‐psychological perspective on the group process and investigating defensive patterns in such supervisions. This approach includes a critical discussion of the place of the reflective function concept in psychoanalytic metapsychology. The article also suggests a Bionian perspective to account for skewed communicative patterns in groups, so‐called basic assumptions. Some technical recommendations are provided on the frame in group supervision. They aim to disarm such defenses and facilitate the group participants’ possibilities of understanding and thus helping their colleague's problematic relationship with the family. To illustrate the discussion, and to help readers form an image of the supervision process, brief detailed accounts of such work are submitted.
Utilization of therapeutic plasma exchange for hyperbilirubinemia in a premature newborn on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Belousova Tatiana , Tong Yi , Bai Yu , Klein Kimberly , Tint Hlaing , Castillo Brian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe report a case of a premature newborn girl with a hospital course complicated by suspected respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis for which she was placed on veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO). Despite phototherapy, her total bilirubin steadily increased to a peak of 50.4 mg/dL with concern for bilirubin‐induced neurologic dysfunction, kernicterus.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was achieved via connection with the VA‐ECMO circuit. Our institution's standard apheresis procedural parameters were adjusted to account for the small body weight and thus the low blood volume of the neonate while on ECMO. These included calculating the total blood volume to include the patient as well as the ECMO circuit, priming of the apheresis instrument with packed red blood cells to limit the extracorporeal volume, using a lower inlet flow rate, the connection setup of the inlet and return line, and monitoring of ionized calcium and anticoagulation throughout the procedure.RESULTSA total of three TPE procedures were performed over three consecutive days. This resulted in improvement and stabilization of the patient's bilirubin.CONCLUSIONThis case emphasizes that TPE is feasible on a neonate with a suboptimal body weight and thus a low blood volume due to the increased blood volume provided while on ECMO. In the absence of ECMO, whole blood manual exchange transfusion is recommended as TPE would be unsafe due to significant extracorporeal volume that would occur during TPE in a pediatric patient with low body weight.