bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FeOOH Quantum Dots Assembled MXene‐Decorated 3D Photothermal Evaporator for Synergy Application in Solar Evaporation and Fenton Degradation
Authors: Liu Yifan , Li Deke , Tian Guangyi , Xu Chenggong , Chen Xionggang , Huang Jinxia , Guo Zhiguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven water evaporation is considered as the sustainable approach to alleviate freshwater resource crisis through direct use of solar energy. However, it is still challenging to achieve the multifunctional solar evaporators equipped with both high evaporation and purification performance to handle practical complex wastewater. Here, a simple and cost‐effective multifunctional 3D solar evaporator is prepared by alternately decorating the commercial sponge with FeOOH quantum dots (FQDs) supported MXene sheets composites and chitosan hydrogel coatings for enabling the solar water evaporation and organic wastewater photodegradation simultaneously. MXene composites allow the solar evaporator with excellent photothermal conversion performance, the hydrophilic chitosan hydrogel coated interconnecting skeleton structures of sponge serve as the mass transfer and water transport channels. The Fenton‐catalytic FQDs anchored on the MXene sheets surface accept the photo‐generated electrons of MXene sheets to induce the organic pollutant photo‐Fenton degradation reaction under sunlight irradiation. The resulting evaporator possesses both excellent water evaporation rate of 2.54 kg m−2 h−1 and high degradation efficiency (99.24% for methylene blue), coupled with durable salt‐resisting performance during long‐term seawater desalination (20 wt.% NaCl). This work provides a simple and feasible strategy for designing multifunctional solar evaporators to meet the potential application scenarios in practice.
Navigating Carbon Peaking and Neutrality in MENA: The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness Using Panel PCSE and FGLS Techniques
Authors: Saeed Ummar Faruk , Twum Angelina Kissiwaa , Klugah Godfred Etse 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn response to the global challenge of climate change and the drive towards carbon neutrality, this study investigates the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade openness (TO) on carbon emissions (CEM) within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The research spans 18 countries from 1990 to 2022, focusing on Sustainable Development Goal 13. Utilizing Porter's hypothesis and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, the study applies quantitative methods including panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) to ensure robustness. To address potential endogeneity, two‐stage least squares and lagged effect estimations are employed. The findings reveal that both FDI and TO are associated with reduced CEM, indicating positive environmental impacts. Also, the pairwise causality tests show bidirectional causality between FDI, TO, and CEM, while a unidirectional causality is found from industrialization (IND) and energy consumption (EC) to CEM. These results underscore the importance of integrating FDI and TO into strategies for achieving carbon neutrality and advancing sustainable development goals, offering actionable insights for policymakers.
Towards value‐based rehabilitation: an analysis of South African policies for people with disabilities
Authors: Maart Rentia Amelia , Mji Gubela , Morris Linzette Deidré 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSouth Africa has progressively established good healthcare policies and actively promotes the rights of people with disabilities. However, as the healthcare sector is moving towards value‐based care to achieve universal health coverage, it remains unclear whether South African rehabilitation policies provide sufficient guidance for delivering value‐based rehabilitation services for people with disabilities. This article attempts to ascertain whether the content of South African rehabilitation policies is aligned with value‐based care. Rehabilitation policies were identified through a literature search (including grey literature) and discussions with stakeholders in the health policy field. A framework for value‐based care was created for deductive policy content analysis. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to describe the content that correlates with the framework's components. The National Rehabilitation Policy and the Framework and Strategy for Disability and Rehabilitation Services were included in this study. Both documents aligned with the value‐based framework, however, various barriers in South Africa challenge value‐based rehabilitation services. We conclude that South Africa's rehabilitation policies can guide value‐based rehabilitation services. However, these policies need to be operationalized and supported by empirical data on disability and rehabilitation services. A concerted effort is required from the government to ensure the allocation of resources for the implementation of policy.
Contribution of DNA/RNA Structures Formed by Expanded CGG/CCG Repeats Within the FMR1 Locus in the Pathogenesis of Fragile X‐Associated Disorders
Authors: Broniarek Izabela , Niewiadomska Daria , Sobczak Krzysztof 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRepeat expansion disorders (REDs) encompass over 50 inherited neurological disorders and are characterized by the expansion of short tandem nucleotide repeats beyond a specific repeat length. Particularly intriguing among these are multiple fragile X‐associated disorders (FXds), which arise from an expansion of CGG repeats in the 5′ untranslated region of the FMR1 gene. Despite arising from repeat expansions in the same gene, the clinical manifestations of FXds vary widely, encompassing developmental delays, parkinsonism, dementia, and an increased risk of infertility. FXds also exhibit molecular mechanisms observed in other REDs, that is, gene‐ and protein‐loss‐of‐function and RNA‐ and protein‐gain‐of‐function. The heterogeneity of phenotypes and pathomechanisms in FXds results from the different lengths of the CGG tract. As the number of repeats increases, the structures formed by RNA and DNA fragments containing CGG repeats change significantly, contributing to the diversity of FXd phenotypes and mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the role of RNA and DNA structures formed by expanded CGG repeats in driving FXd pathogenesis and how the genetic instability of CGG repeats is mediated by the complex interplay between transcription, DNA replication, and repair. We also discuss therapeutic strategies, including small molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, and CRISPR‐Cas systems, that target toxic RNA and DNA involved in the development of FXds.
Integrated Biochemical and Computational Methods for Deciphering RNA‐Processing Codes
Authors: Du Chen , Fan Weiliang , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRNA processing involves steps such as capping, splicing, polyadenylation, modification, and nuclear export. These steps are essential for transforming genetic information in DNA into proteins and contribute to RNA diversity and complexity. Many biochemical methods have been developed to profile and quantify RNAs, as well as to identify the interactions between RNAs and RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs), especially when coupled with high‐throughput sequencing technologies. With the rapid accumulation of diverse data, it is crucial to develop computational methods to convert the big data into biological knowledge. In particular, machine learning and deep learning models are commonly utilized to learn the rules or codes governing the transformation from DNA sequences to intriguing RNAs based on manually designed or automatically extracted features. When precise enough, the RNA codes can be incredibly useful for predicting RNA products, decoding the molecular mechanisms, forecasting the impact of disease variants on RNA processing events, and identifying driver mutations. In this review, we systematically summarize the biochemical and computational methods for deciphering five important RNA codes related to alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation, RNA localization, RNA modifications, and RBP binding. For each code, we review the main types of experimental methods used to generate training data, as well as the key features, strategic model structures, and advantages of representative tools. We also discuss the challenges encountered in developing predictive models using large language models and extensive domain knowledge. Additionally, we highlight useful resources and propose ways to improve computational tools for studying RNA codes.
Importance and satisfaction of motivation and setting factors among elk and deer hunters
Authors: Kaminski Abigail R. , Cerveny Lee K. , Rowland Mary M. , Wisdom Michael J. , Clark Darren A. , Blahna Dale J. , Helmer Matthew 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHunting has important social, cultural, economic, and conservation benefits. Information on hunters’ motivations and expectations for a hunting experience can help support decision‐making by state and federal wildlife managers. We surveyed deer (Odocoileus spp.) and elk (Cervus canadensis) hunters participating in controlled hunts in eastern Oregon to describe hunter characteristics and experiences, including the importance of hunting motivational factors and specific setting attributes (2017–2019; n = 501). We compared differences between hunters’ ratings of importance and satisfaction and identified factors of particular importance for hunters with different characteristics. Survey response rates were high, ranging from 97% in 2017 to 81% in 2019. We found that the intangible benefits of hunting were most important to hunters, with enjoyment and spending time with friends and family emerging as the top‐ranked hunting motivations by importance. Motivations differed by gender, age and hunting avidity. Women rated getting meat for themselves and family higher than did men ( = 4.67 vs. 4.26). Frequent hunters ranked many experiential elements of a hunt higher in importance than less frequent hunters (e.g., Seeing animals in the wild,  = 4.52 vs. 4.19; Fun and enjoyment,  = 4.50 vs. 4.21; Thrill of the chase,  = 4.34 vs. 3.97). Older hunters considered learning experiences less important than younger hunters (New experience, developing new skills,  = 2.72 vs. 3.52; Gaining knowledge about the outdoors,  = 3.14 vs. 3.83). We also found that the attributes of the specific hunt setting were less important than the broad factors that motivate hunting participation. Our results provide context for hunting retention and reactivation efforts and can be used to identify opportunities to recruit new hunters whose diversity reflects that of background populations in the U.S.
Exploring the Chemistry of Ruthenium Complexes with a Bidentate Barbiturate‐Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridinylidene Ligand
Authors: Krzesiński Paweł , Gajda Katarzyna , Vendier Laure , Kajetanowicz Anna , Grela Karol , Bastin Stéphanie , César Vincent 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA novel reactivity of 5‐barbiturate imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridinium 1⋅H with [Ru(2‐methylallyl)2(COD)] was explored which led to the formation of an uncommon, zwitterionic complex [Ru(1’)(1⋅H)], composed of the NHC ligand 1’, cyclometallated at one ortho‐methyl position of the N‐mesityl substituent, and the zwitterionic precursor 1⋅H. Barbiturate moieties coordinate either through a η3 mode or through coordination of the anionic oxygen atom to ensure the coordination saturation and stability to the complex. The addition of pivalic acid results in the protonolysis of the Ru‐Calkyl bond and demetallation of the N‐mesityl, while triphenylphosphine and pyridine are able to displace the rather labile 1⋅H ligand. Attempts to incorporate an alkylidene fragment from these complexes led to the isolation of a rare complex 7 bearing an alkylidene tethered to a η5‐cyclopentadienyl ligand formed by phenylacetylene tetramerization.
Investigation of activation energy of Maxwell fluid with Newtonian heat effect at the boundary layer flow on a cylinder embedded in porous medium
Authors: Sudarmozhi K. , Iranian D. , Albidah A. B. , Khan Ilyas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the flow of Maxwell fluid over a cylinder, considering the combined effect of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and a permeable medium on the equation of momentum, heat generation and radiation on the equation of energy, and activation energy on the mass equation. The objective is to analyze the impression of these physical phenomena on the fluid's behavior under specified boundary conditions, with a focus on the Newtonian heating effect. The significance of this research lies in its application to industrial processes, polymer extrusion and cooling of metallic sheets, where controlling fluid flow and energy transfer is crucial. The dimensional governing equations for momentum, energy, and concentration were changed into non‐dimensional forms via appropriate dimensionless quantities and similarity variables. The subsequent nonlinear ordinary differential equations were answered using the BPV4C inbuilt MATLAB solver. The key findings reveal that the concentration outline rises with a rise in activation energy and declines with a rise in the chemical reaction. Additionally, the Nusselt number profile displays an increasing trend with the Newtonian heating parameter, indicating enhanced heat transfer. Quantitative results demonstrate that the occurrence of a porous medium and MHD significantly impacts the velocity and temperature contours. The real‐time application of this study can be seen in the optimization and design of chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and cooling systems in engineering processes. The developed model delivers insights into controlling energy and mass transfer in processes involving stretching surfaces, which is essential for improving efficiency and product excellence in various industrial applications.
Cognitive Mechanisms of Being Imitated
Authors: Wicher Paula , Farmer Harry , Hamilton Antonia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Being mimicked (BeMim) arises when one person copies the actions or choices of another person, and several studies link BeMim to liking and affiliation. BeMim effects might occur for matching of motor actions but have also been reported for the imitation of preferences and values. In this chapter we discuss various approaches to studying BeMim, from live interactions to controlled methods in the lab and from virtual reality to observation studies. We suggest that the fundamental cognitive mechanism that support BeMim effects is still unknown and it is not yet clear if various BeMim paradigms tap the same cognitive mechanisms. Three possible neurocognitive models of BeMim are considered: a specialized BeMim model, a universal model which is domain general based on cognitive predictability and a social learning model. The latter seems to be the most promising based on the current evidence. We highlight the non-monotonic character of the BeMim effects—there may be a “sweet spot” where BeMim has positive consequences but too much or too little mimicry can mean that the mimicker’s action is judged negatively rather than positively. People also dislike mimickers if they have awareness of being mimicking by them. Finally, we discuss the gaps in the BeMim literature that need to be addressed to move the BeMim field forward.
Common Coding of Speech Imitation
Authors: Adank Patti , Wilt Hannah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Most current speech scientists regard both speech perception and production to be tightly linked. Hearing or seeing speech results in the engagement of a covert imitative response, also referred to as automatic imitation. Current theories of speech and language processing firmly incorporate close connections between speech perception and speech production. For instance, the integrated theory of language production and comprehension assumes that listeners rely on an analysis-by-synthesis process during speech comprehension. This process is predicted to engage covert imitation, especially for familiar speech utterances. Behaviorally, covert imitation can be evaluated using a paradigm originally developed in cognitive psychology, the stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) paradigm. While most SRC experiments employ manual stimuli, a small but growing set of studies have been using speech stimuli to clarify how observing speech results in a covert imitative response. However, it is unclear if the integrated theory can explain the effects reported from speech SRC studies. Here, we evaluate to which extent the theory of event coding (TEC) can explain results from automatic imitation experiments with speech stimuli. TEC is a framework for action planning and action perception based on the ideomotor principle and common coding principles of action and perception. TEC offers a flexible framework for evaluating the link between action perception and action production but has to date not been applied to speech processing. In this chapter, we evaluated how well the integrated theory and TEC can explain current findings. We conclude that TEC can account for more published results than the integrated theory, but that neither theory can explain all findings. Recommendations are made for improvements to both theories.
Levels of Imitation: Movements, Outcomes, and Goals
Authors: Hansen Jochim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the differences between imitation based on movements and imitation based on outcomes or goals, respectively. The difference between outcome imitation and goal imitation is also briefly addressed. Experimental paradigms are introduced that help to disentangle the different levels of imitation. Conditions under which movement imitation or outcome/goal imitation dominate are highlighted, such as the imitator’s age, the salience of an outcome/goal, situational constraints in the model’s behavior, social group membership, and temporal or spatial distance from a model who is demonstrating an action. The chapter concludes with ideas for future research.
A Pluralistic Model of the Responsiveness of Law: The Case of Hungary
Authors: Matyasovszky-Németh Márton , Fábián Áron 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe present chapter seeks to show that the application of traditional doctrinal legal methodology is not sufficient to understand the responsiveness of law. Indeed, it is necessary to draw on the methodological tools of socio-legal studies to accurately model how the law responds to social change (legal responsiveness). We attempt to outline a pluralistic theoretical framework to dislodge the commonplace notion that law merely mirrors society. This would enable jurisprudence to move beyond debates about the concept of law and take account of both external and internal legal culture, as well as the omnipresent phenomenon of legal pluralism, which we believe is essential for describing the responsiveness of law. To demonstrate the value of such an approach, we describe multiple areas, including technology and artificial intelligence regulation, which are increasingly focal topics for legal studies.
Adaptation Mechanisms in Private Law
Authors: Szalai Ákos , Menyhárd Attila 
Published: November 2024

AbstractContracts are risk allocation mechanisms and, as with legal relationships generally, are social relationships. If circumstances change, the content of such relationships also changes. Adjusting such relationships to changed circumstances may be done either using a bottom-up approach, via courts, or in an top-to-bottom approach by the legislator. Implied terms, frustration of purpose, impossibility, judicial amendment of contract and the adaptive application of the rules concerning breach of contract are the tools of judicial adaptation. Intervention via legislation may be more efficient if there are a large number of cases. While legislative or administrative rule-making is determined by political decisions, judge-made rules are influenced by the constrained options of judges. That is, the latter cannot impose a standard of conduct on non-litigants, and the courts cannot handle all legal problems—many of which are not brought to court or end in settlement.
Religiously Inspired Violent Radicalisation in Southern Europe: Why It Is Not Emerging
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Eleftheriadou Marina , Triandafyllidou Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFollowing 9/11 and the terrorist attacks in western Europe over the past two decades, research on religiously inspired or attributed violent radicalisation has grown into a field of study that has developed a broad and sophisticated range of explanations, theories, and categorisations about violent attacks that are either claimed by groups linked to Islamist ideologies or individuals inspired by them. Within this field, measuring the impact of programmes designed to prevent and counter violent extremism (P/CVE) has attracted increasing interest. While significant research in this field exists in countries that have suffered the most symbolic and mediatised attacks, there is less research being conducted on countries hosting significant Muslim communities of recent arrival such as Italy, Greece, and Spain where there have either been no or very few religiously inspired violent attacks (Italy and Greece) or where such attacks have not triggered the same securitised response (Spain) as elsewhere. Bringing together the three country studies presented in this book—as well as our desk research and contribution to those—this chapter introduces the rationale for this southern European comparative analysis, presents our methodology, and outlines the contents of the chapters that follow.
Missing in Action: Understanding (the Lack of) Religiously Inspired Violent Radicalisation in Italy Against the Odds
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Eleftheriadou Marina , Triandafyllidou Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite being home to the Vatican, a strong US ally, and a NATO member that sent troops to Iraq and Afghanistan, Italy has not to date experienced successful, high-profile religiously attributed attacks. This chapter explores such ‘exceptionalism’ by employing the analytical framework put forward in Chapter 1 and by drawing on original data from interviews as well as second-hand literature. What emerges is that despite the presence of a conducive environment for radicalisation, the absence of successful attacks, so far, is likely due to very limited opportunity structures to act within. With such structures rapidly evolving, and the lack of a coordinated national resilience strategy, the past P/CVE measures might, however, prove unsuccessful or insufficient in the future.
Socio-economic Marginalisation, Fragmentation, and the Lack of Violent Radicalisation: Insights from Greece
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Eleftheriadou Marina , Triandafyllidou Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRadicalisation scholarship has largely shunned the study of negative cases even though they might be far more enlightening for our understanding of radicalisation. This chapter explores and interprets the lack of religiously inspired violent radicalisation in Greece. Drawing from interviews with relevant stakeholders, it argues that Greece’s resilience is replete with contradictions and does not stem from a concrete strategy or tailored policies, but rather the lack thereof. Hence, its ‘immunity’ is not built on resilience-producing attributes; it is the hitherto absence of key precipitating factors that could ‘push’ Muslims in Greece towards violent extremism.
Akzeptanz multimodaler Mobilität – Fazit und Ausblick
Authors: Graf Anne 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den vorherigen Kapiteln 6, 7 und 8 werden die individuellen Möglichkeiten für multimodale Mobilität rekonstruiert und Akzeptanzbedingungen für Verkehrsverlagerungen vom Auto auf den ÖV oder das Fahrrad untersucht. Dafür werden monomodale Autofahrer:innen und multimodale Personen gegenübergestellt sowie Verkehrsmittelentscheidungen anhand einer Vignettenstudie analysiert. Die ausgewerteten Daten wurden im Rahmen einer Bevölkerungsbefragung in drei Stadtteilen in Bochum und in Interviews mit Teilnehmenden der Befragung erhoben.