bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemical Damage Self‐Repairable Photothermal Anti/De‐Icing Superhydrophobic Coating by Dynamic Bonding Phase‐Change Fillers with the Matrix
Authors: Yang Xiangming , Liu Yan , Zhong Yuting , Chen Hui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of robust superhydrophobic coatings with the capacity for self‐healing against mechanochemical damage is pivotal for their practical deployment. This study develops a physically and chemically self‐healing superhydrophobic coating with exceptional durability for anti‐icing applications using a simple spray coating method. This is achieved by incorporating phase‐change fillers into a dynamic cross‐linked matrix via dynamic imine bonds. Specifically, oleylamine (ODA) is encapsulated within rigid diatomite nanopores and modified with dopamine (DOA), significantly enhancing the grafting efficiency of aminopropyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (NH₂‐PDMS‐NH₂) (N‐DOA). The incorporation of 15% N‐DOA increases the water contact angle (WCA) of the acrylic resin/aminopropyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (AR/NH₂‐PDMS‐NH₂) matrix to 159.7° and reduces the sliding angle (SA) to 2.9°, while also improving the mechanical durability of coating to withstand 600 abrasion cycles. The dynamic imine bonds between NH₂‐PDMS‐NH₂ and trimesic acid (BTC) facilitate the mobility of N‐DOA and NH₂‐PDMS‐NH₂, enabling rapid recovery of superhydrophobic properties and low ice adhesion strength after abrasions, scratches, oxygen plasma etching, and multiple de‐icing cycles due to the synergistic phase‐change effect of ODA. Thus, the self‐healing coating produced via this simple spray method presents a novel approach for superhydrophobic coatings in anti‐icing applications.
Visual Piezoresistive Dual‐Response Sensor Based on CaZnOS: Mn Mechanoluminescence Materials
Authors: Yu Junwen , Liu Yun , Niu Quanwang , Wang Xiangfu , Yan Xiaohong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe ability to achieve real‐time movement visualization in piezoresistive sensors remains a challenge. A visual piezoresistive sensor to perceive the intensity of mechanical stimuli and visible spatial location information is designed based on the mechanoluminescence material CaZnOS: Mn. The linearity, detection range, sensitivity, and stability of the sensor are tested, and the sensing mechanism of the sensor is discussed, and the relationship between force, resistance, and light intensity is established. A 5 × 5 sensor array is prepared to realize the visual detection of dynamic force trajectory, and combined with a convolutional neural network and random forest algorithm, the human writing number and pressure characteristics are recognized, and the writing path and handwriting of the robot arm are controlled by multi‐feature input. The experimental results show that the machine learning algorithm is very reliable with an accuracy of 98.33% for digit recognition and 97.21% for identity recognition. The visual piezoresistive pressure sensor provides a new idea for the visualization of flexible pressure and promotes the development of flexible sensors towards integration and intelligence.
Dimethyl Fumarate Augments Anticancer Activity of Ångstrom Silver Particles in Myeloma Cells through NRF2 Activation
Authors: Wu Ben , Wang Zhen‐Xing , Xie Hui , Xie Ping‐Li 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy characterized by relapse and drug resistance. This study investigates the potential of angstrom‐scale silver particles (F‐AgÅPs) to selectively target and eliminate MM cells, focusing on their susceptibility and underlying mechanisms. F‐AgÅPs are synthesized using a pure physical high‐efficiency evaporation‐condensation method and coated with fructose, and their cytotoxic effects on MM cell lines are evaluated through cell viability assays and flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are measured to elucidate oxidative stress, while the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) is examined via western blotting and quantitative PCR. In vivo, the therapeutic potential of F‐AgÅPs is assessed using a MM xenograft mouse model. F‐AgÅPs exhibited significant cytotoxicity in MM cells at low concentrations, with higher ROS levels leading to oxidative damage and NRF2 accumulation. This effect is mitigated by the ROS scavenger N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine. Additionally, the NRF2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF) enhanced F‐AgÅPs‐induced cytotoxicity in vitro and suppressed myeloma growth in vivo. These findings suggest that combining DMF with F‐AgÅPs is a promising therapeutic strategy for MM, effectively targeting ROS‐induced oxidative damage through NRF2 activation.
Configurationally Stepping Confinement Achieved Tunable Chiral Near‐Infrared Luminescence Supramolecular Phenothiazine Organic Framework
Authors: Yu Jie , Niu Jie , Xu Xiufang , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHerein, thermally responsive reversible chiral supramolecules are reported, constructed by the chirality transfer from tripeptides to achiral network supramolecular organic frameworks (SOF) based on configurationally stepping confinement, which displayed not only highly selective reversible chirality transfer but also efficient enhanced near‐infrared (NIR) luminescence. Taking advantage of macrocyclic confinement, CB[8] separately encapsulated two kinds of tetracationic bis(phenothiazines) derivatives (G1, G2) at 2:1 stoichiometric to form organic 2D SOFs, efficiently enhancing 12.6 fold NIR luminescence and blueshifted from 705 to 680 nm for G1, and redshifted from 695 to 710 nm for G2, respectively. Uncommonly, the tripeptide coassembled with two kinds of achiral noncovalent frameworks (G1/CB[8] or G2/CB[8]) displayed different opposite circular dichroism signals based on different binding modes and affinity, achieving chirality transfer from tripeptide to organic supramolecular assemblies with further enhanced NIR fluorescence up to 46.2 times and the quantum yield (QY) increased from 0.71% to 10.29% for G2/CB[8], showing reversible chirality transfer and tunable NIR fluorescence under thermal stimulus. Therefore, the current research has achieved controllable chirality transfer from tripeptide to the SOFs and the enhancement of tunable NIR fluorescence, which is successfully applied in thermal responsive chiral logic gates, information encryption, and cell imaging.
Fe‐N‐C in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Impact of Ionomer Loading on Degradation and Stability
Authors: Pedersen Angus , Snitkoff‐Sol Rifael Z. , Presman Yan , Dubau Laetitia , Cai Rongsheng , Barrio Jesús , Haigh Sarah J. , Maillard Frédéric , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena , Elbaz Lior 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFe single atoms in N‐doped C (Fe‐N‐C) present the most promising replacement for carbon‐supported Pt‐based catalysts for the O2 reduction reaction at the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, it remains unclear how the I/C ratio affects Fe‐N‐C degradation and the stability of single Fe atom active sites (FeNx). Here, an accelerated stress test (AST) protocol is combined with emerging electrochemical techniques for a porous Fe‐N‐C in PEMFC with a range of I/C ratios. The PEMFC current density degradation rates are found to be comparable; however, with increased I/C ratio the additional FeNx sites accessed are more stable, as shown by their higher active site stability number (electrons passed per FeNx lost) at the end of the AST protocol. Meanwhile, the initial rate of TOF decay is suppressed with increasing I/C. Electrochemical process changes are studied via distribution of relaxation times analysis. Minor changes in H+ and O2 transport resistance at low current density prove kinetic degradation dominants at high potentials. These findings demonstrate how electrochemical techniques can be combined with stability metrics to determine and deconvolute changes from the active site to device level electrochemical processes in PEMFCs.
Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) Identifies Multiple Structural Variants in a Case With Atypical Phelan‐McDermid Syndrome
Authors: Macke Erica L. , Miller Anthony R. , Colwell Caitlyn M. , Gonzalez Maria Hernandez , Hunter Jesse , Venkata Lakshmi Prakruthi Rao , Walker Lauren , Wheeler Gregory , Wilson Richard K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Miller Katherine E. , Mathew Mariam T. , Chaudhari Bimal P. , Akkari Yassmine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHere we describe a neonate exhibiting hypotonia, macrocephaly, renal cysts, and respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy and ventilator support. Genetic analysis via rapid genome sequencing (rGS) identified a loss on chromosome 4 encompassing polycystin‐2 (PKD2) and a loss on chromosome 22 encompassing SH3 and Multiple Ankyrin Repeat Domains 3 (SHANK3), indicative of Phelan‐McDermid syndrome. Further analysis via traditional karyotyping, Optical Genome Mapping (OGM), and PacBio long‐read sequencing revealed a more complex landscape of chromosomal rearrangements in this individual, including a balanced 3;12 translocation, and an unbalanced 17;22 translocation. The proband's phenotypic presentation is thought to be the result of Phelan‐McDermid syndrome and represents an expansion of the described phenotypes to include significant respiratory failure. This study underscores the challenges and importance of comprehensive genetic testing in elucidating complex presentations and highlights the need for complementary testing methods to overcome limitations in resolution.
Aging and frailty are associated with inflammatory endotypic shifts in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Krysinski Mason R. , Dorismond Christina , Trivedi Yash , Lubner Rory , Lopez Andrea A. , Rubel Kolin , Chandra Rakesh K. , Chowdhury Naweed I. , Turner Justin H. 
Published: November 2024

Key pointsFrailty and aging are associated with a shift toward non‐type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Frailty‐related shifts in sinonasal inflammatory mediators may be linked to biological senescence.Understanding the role of aging and frailty in CRS may have important treatment implications.
Plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarker variability: Amyloid‐independent and amyloid‐dependent factors
Authors: Lee Eun Hye , Kang Sung Hoon , Shin Daeun , Kim Young Ju , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Gonzalez‐Ortiz Fernando , Ashton Nicholas J. , Cheon Bo Kyoung , Yoo Heejin , Ham Hongki , Yun Jihwan , Kim Jun Pyo , Kim Hee Jin , Na Duk L. , Jang Hyemin , Seo Sang Won ,   the K‐ROAD study group
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe aimed to investigate which factors affect plasma biomarker levels via amyloid beta (Aβ)‐independent or Aβ‐dependent effects and improve the predictive performance of these biomarkers for Aβ positivity on positron emission tomography (PET).METHODSA total of 2935 participants underwent blood sampling for measurements of plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, phosphorylated tau 217 (p‐tau217; ALZpath), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels using single‐molecule array and Aβ PET. Laboratory findings were collected using a routine blood test battery.RESULTSAβ‐independent factors included hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for p‐tau217 and hemoglobin, eGFR, and triiodothyronine (T3) for GFAP and NfL. Aβ‐dependent factors included apolipoprotein E genotypes, body mass index status for Aβ42/40, p‐tau217, GFAP, and NfL. However, these factors exhibited negligible or modest effects on Aβ positivity on PET.DISCUSSIONOur findings highlight the importance of accurately interpreting plasma biomarkers for predicting Aβ uptake in real‐world settings.Highlights
We investigated factor–Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarker associations in a large Korean cohort.
Hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate affect the biomarkers independently of brain amyloid beta (Aβ).
Apolipoprotein E genotypes and body mass index status affect the biomarkers dependent on brain Aβ.
Addition of Aβ‐independent factors shows negligible effect in predicting Aβ positivity.
Adjusting for Aβ‐dependent factors shows a modest effect in predicting Aβ positivity.
Effective Proton Conduction in Quasi‐Solid Zinc‐Manganese Batteries via Constructing Highly Connected Transfer Pathways
Authors: Liu Zhexuan , Qin Mulan , Fu Biao , Li Mingzhu , Liang Shuquan , Fang Guozhao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElusive ion behaviors in aqueous electrolyte remain a challenge to break through the practicality of aqueous zinc‐manganese batteries (AZMBs), a promising candidate for safe grid‐scale energy storage systems. The proposed electrolyte strategies for this issue most ignore the prominent role of proton conduction, which greatly affects the operation stability of AZMBs. Here we report a water‐poor quasi‐solid electrolyte with efficient proton transfer pathways based on the large‐space interlayer of montmorillonite and strong‐hydration Pr3+ additive in AZMBs. Proton conduction is deeply understood in this quasi‐solid electrolyte. Pr3+ additive not only dominates the proton conduction kinetics, but also regulates the reversible manganese interfacial deposition. As a result, the Cu@Zn||α‐MnO2 cell could achieve a high specific capacity of 433 mAh g−1 at 0.4 mA cm−2 and an excellent stability up to 800 cycles with a capacity retention of 92.2 % at 0.8 mA cm−2 in such water‐poor quasi‐solid electrolyte for the first time. Ah‐scale pouch cell with mass loading of 15.19 mg cm−2 sustains 100 cycles after initial activation, which is much better than its counterparts. Our work provides a new path for the development of zinc metal batteries with good sustainability and practicality.
High Charge Carrier Mobility in Porphyrin Nanoribbons
Authors: Zhu He , Wen Guanzhao , Zheng Wenhao , Rees Nicholas H. , Stawski Wojciech , Wang Hai I. , Bonn Mischa , Anderson Harry L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolydisperse edge‐fused nickel(II) porphyrin nanoribbons have been synthesized by Yamamoto coupling followed by gold(III)‐mediated fusion, with average degrees of polymerization of up to 37 repeat units (length 31 nm). Time‐resolved optical‐pump terahertz spectroscopy measurements indicate that photo‐generated charge carriers have dc mobilities of up to 205 cm2 V−1 s−1 in these nanoribbons, exceeding the values previously reported for most other types of nanoribbon or π‐conjugated polymer.
Robuste Bisulfit‐freie Einzelmolekül‐Echtzeitsequenzierung von Methyldesoxycytidin auf der Grundlage eines neuartigen hpTet3‐Enzyms
Authors: Sahin Hanife , Salehi Raheleh , Islam Shariful , Müller Markus , Giehr Pascal , Carell Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeben den vier kanonischen Nukleosiden dA, dG, dC und T enthält die genomische DNA die zusätzliche Base 5‐Methyldesoxycytidin (mdC). Die Anwesenheit dieses methylierten Cytidin‐Nukleosids in Promotorregionen oder Genkörpern beeinflusst die Transkriptionsaktivität des entsprechenden Gens erheblich. Folglich sind die Methylierungsmuster von Genen entscheidend dafür, ob Gene stillgelegt oder aktiviert werden. Die Sequenzierung der mdC‐Positionen im Genom ist daher für die Krebsfrüherkennung von größter Bedeutung, da sie hilft, eine fehlerhafte Genexpression zu erkennen. Derzeit ist die Bisulfit‐Methode der Goldstandard für die mdC‐Sequenzierung. Diese Methode hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass der größte Teil der Ausgangs‐DNA während der Bisulfit‐Behandlung zerstört wird. Außerdem ist die Bisulfit‐Sequenzierung anfällig für Fehler. Wir berichten hier über eine schonende, bisulfitfreie mdC‐Sequenzierungsmethode, die wir als EMox‐seq bezeichnen und auf der Einzelmolekül‐SMRT‐Sequenzierung der dritten Generation beruht. Die Grundlage unserer Technologie ist ein neues Tet3‐Enzym, das mdC effizient zu 5‐Carboxycytidin (cadC) oxidiert. CadC wiederum liefert mit speziell trainierten KI‐basierten Algorithmen ein hervorragendes Signal bei der SMRT‐Sequenzierung.
Structural Modulation of Nanographenes Enabled by Defects, Size and Doping for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wu Bin , Meng Haibing , Chen Xingbao , Guo Ying , Jiang Li , Shi Xiaofeng , Zhu Jiexin , Long Juncai , Gao Wenliang , Zeng Feng , Jiang Wen‐Jie , Zhu Yongfa , Wang Dingsheng , Mai Liqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNanographenes are among the fastest‐growing materials used for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) thanks to their low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent electrical conductivity, and scalable synthesis. The perspective of replacing precious metal‐based electrocatalysts with functionalized graphene is highly desirable for reducing costs in energy conversion and storage systems. Generally, the enhanced ORR activity of the nanographenes is typically deemed to originate from the heteroatom doping effect, size effect, defects effect, and/or their synergistic effect. All these factors can efficiently modify the charge distribution on the sp2‐conjugated carbon framework, bringing about optimized intermediate adsorption and accelerated electron transfer steps during ORR. In this review, the fundamental chemical and physical properties of nanographenes are first discussed about ORR applications. Afterward, the role of doping, size, defects, and their combined influence in boosting nanographenes’ ORR performance is introduced. Finally, significant challenges and essential perspectives of nanographenes as advanced ORR electrocatalysts are highlighted.
Robust Bisulfite‐Free Single‐Molecule Real‐Time Sequencing of Methyldeoxycytidine Based on a Novel hpTet3 Enzyme
Authors: Sahin Hanife , Salehi Raheleh , Islam Shariful , Müller Markus , Giehr Pascal , Carell Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn addition to the four canonical nucleosides dA, dG, dC and T, genomic DNA contains the additional base 5‐methyldeoxycytidine (mdC). The presence of this methylated cytidine nucleoside in promoter regions or gene bodies significantly affects the transcriptional activity of the corresponding gene. Consequently, the methylation patterns of genes are crucial for either silencing or activating genes. Sequencing the positions of mdC in the genome is therefore of paramount importance for early cancer diagnostics as it helps determine incorrect gene expression. Currently, the bisulfite method is the gold standard for mdC‐sequencing. However, this method has the drawback that the majority of the input DNA is degraded during the bisulfite treatment. Additionally, bisulfite sequencing is prone to errors. Here, we report a benign, bisulfite‐free mdC sequencing method termed EMox‐seq, which is based on third‐generation single‐molecule SMRT sequencing. The foundation of this technology is a new Tet3 enzyme that efficiently oxidizes mdCs to 5‐carboxycytidine (cadC). In turn, cadC provides an excellent readout by SMRT sequencing using specially trained AI‐based algorithms.
Economic impact of innovative entrepreneurship education: Dynamic modelling methods
Authors: Zhou Liren , Wang Sheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to explore the economic impact of innovative entrepreneurship education and proposes a dynamic modelling method to quantify this impact. The paper establishes a theoretical analysis framework, starting from the effects of innovative entrepreneurship education on the regional economy, and establishes a corresponding dynamic economic model. This model comprises processes such as variable definition, relationship establishment, parameter setting and architecture construction. Different levels of education and forms of innovative entrepreneurship education were experimentally analysed from multiple perspectives. In the comparative experiment between innovative entrepreneurship education and traditional education, the entrepreneurial intention score of the innovative entrepreneurship education group was scattered in the range of 90–100, higher than the 60–80 score of the traditional education group. In the experimental survey on investment return rates of different forms of innovative entrepreneurship education, it was found that the investment return rate of education was the lowest, only 6.82%, and the return rate of entrepreneurship competition was the highest, reaching 9.19%. The experimental results have proven a positive correlation between innovative entrepreneurship education and economic growth. It is suggested that the government and enterprises should increase their investment in innovative entrepreneurship education to promote sustainable economic development.
Relating normal human cardiac development to the anatomical findings in the congenitally malformed heart
Authors: Hikspoors Jill P. J. M. , Lamers Wouter H. , Kerwin Janet , Hu Zihan , Henderson Deborah J. , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA proper appreciation of cardiac development can now provide the necessary background to understand the anatomical findings in the congenitally malformed heart. We recently presented an account of human cardiac development based on reconstructions of histological datasets from human embryos aged between 3.5 and 8 weeks subsequent to conception. In this review, we summarize the changes observed relative to the findings when the heart is congenitally malformed. Beginning at the stage when it is first possible to recognize the primary heart tube, we describe the looping of its ventricular component, which occurs in the 5th week. We proceed with discussion of the formation of the atrial and ventricular chambers in the 6th week. The phases are successive, albeit partially overlapping. Separation of the circulations at the venous pole is completed at stage 17, equivalent to almost 6 weeks of development. During stages representing the 7th week of development, we concentrate on the remodeling of the outflow tract. This involves initially septation, but then separation of the developing circulations. The changes involve incorporation of the proximal outflow tract into the ventricles, with formation of the arterial roots in its middle part, and addition of a distal non‐myocardial component to produce the intrapericardial arterial trunks. We pay particular attention to the changes occurring during remodeling of the interventricular foramen. We show that an understanding of this process provides the basis for understanding the functionally univentricular heart, as well as the arrangement found in double outlet right ventricle.