bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Reservoir-Network Simulation Improves Modeling and Selection of Subsea Boosting Systems for a Deepwater Development
Authors: Seth Gaurav , Valbuena Ernesto , Tam Soong , Da Sie Will , Kumar Hemant , Arias Brian , Price Troy 
Published: April 2019

Summary
In this paper we present the results and analyses from an integrated simulation study focused on evaluating and selecting subsea boosting systems. The integrated model uses field-management strategies incorporating flowline routing, field and gathering-network constraints, and rate allocation. Novel techniques to model subsea networks enable selection of the boosting system and provide an improved understanding of dynamic conditions encountered in deepwater assets. The selected boosting system ensures safe and reliable operations while improving the project's net present value.
Combining responses from reservoir and network systems into an integrated model to evaluate the subsea design requirements is a unique aspect of this study, because this involves novel modeling techniques for boosting systems (pumps). The robust approach ensures consistency of phase behavior across the system components, identification of pump requirements, production optimization, and cost reduction. Analysis of these outputs leads to an improved understanding of field operation strategies, equipment selection and sizing, and production forecasts.
The integrated model uses inflow performance relationships (IPRs) from reservoir simulation and vertical lift tables to generate performance curves (PCs), representing well deliverability as a function of tubinghead pressure. Comprehensive field-management logic uses the PCs to determine optimal well operating rates that satisfy all subsurface and surface constraints. This approach reduces a complex set of constraints to a single operating rate. Well operating rate is also a function of the pump power, the pump suction pressure, and the fluid phase behavior across the pumps. The integrated model delivers pump performance within its operating envelope and ensures equipment integrity.
Two components of the subsea boosting system, single- and multiphase pumps, drove performance optimization and selection of system operating conditions. The study incorporated a comprehensive analysis of system constraints through implementation of complex field-management rules that accounted for well integrity (completions), performance of network equipment (valves, boosters, pump power requirements), facility capacities, and reservoir deliverability. The integrated study identified the different limiting system constraints throughout the life of the field and improved the overall efficiency of the gathering system. Use of PCs to reduce the constraints to a single operating rate provides tremendous computational performance improvement. Moreover, unlike typical optimization problems, adding more constraints to the system did not affect computational performance significantly.
Reliability of pleth variability index in predicting preload responsiveness of mechanically ventilated patients under various conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Xu Chao , Wang Min , Niu Zheng , Qi Dun yi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Goal-directed volume expansion is increasingly used for fluid management in mechanically ventilated patients. The Pleth Variability Index (PVI) has been shown to reliably predict preload responsiveness; however, a lot of research on PVI has been published recently, and update of the meta-analysis needs to be completed. Methods: We searched PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (updated to November 7, 2018) and the associated references. We also contacted relevant authors and researchers. Results: Twenty-five studies with 975 patients were included in this meta-analysis. All patients were mechanically ventilated. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to predict preload responsiveness in patients was 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 - 0.85). The pooled sensitivity was 0.77 (95% CI 0.67-0.85) and the pooled specificity was 0.77 (95% CI 0.71-0.82). The results of subgroup of patients without undergoing surgery (AUC =0.86, Youden index =0.65) and the results of subgroup of patients in ICU (AUC =0.89, Youden index =0.67) were reliable. Conclusion: The reliability of the PVI is limited, but the PVI can play an important role in bedside monitoring for mechanically ventilated patients who are not undergoing surgery. Patients who are expanded with colloid may be more suitable for PVI.
Comparison of four formulas for the intraocular lens power prediction
Authors: Hua Yanjun , Qiu Wei , Wu Qiang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Purpose

To assess the accuracy of four formulas for intraocular lens (IOL) power prediction in cataractous eyes.

METHODS

In this prospective study, 51 eyes of 38 cataractous patients with an axial length (AL) between 24.0 and 26.0 mm were included. Preoperatively, Topolyzer, IOLMaster and A-scan were performed. At least 3 months after the surgery, subjective refraction was conducted. Haigis, SRK/T, Hoffer Q and Holladay 1 formulas based on ocular biometry from A-scan combining Topolyzer, IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only were applied for IOL power prediction.

RESULTS

The four formulas based on biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only performed better than those based on biometry from A-scan combining Topolyzer. Based on biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer, Haigis formula had a mean NEs of -0.03 ± 0.71 D and a mean AEs of 0.53 ± 0.47 D, SRK/T formula had a mean NEs of 0.37 ± 0.72 D and a mean AEs of 0.63 ± 0.50 D, Hoffer Q formula had a mean NEs of 0.05 ± 0.62 D and a mean AEs of 0.43 ± 0.44 D, Holladay 1 formula had a mean NEs of 0.32 ± 0.63 D and a mean AEs of 0.54 ± 0.45 D. Based on biometry from IOLMaster only, Haigis formula had a mean NEs of 0.02 ± 0.54 D and a mean AEs of 0.41 ± 0.36 D, SRK/T formula had a mean NEs of 0.41 ± 0.54 D and a mean AEs of 0.52 ± 0.43 D, Hoffer Q formula had a mean NEs of 0.05 ± 0.58 D and a mean AEs of 0.36 ± 0.46 D, Holladay 1 formula had a mean NEs of 0.32 ± 0.45 D and a mean AEs of 0.43 ± 0.35 D.

CONCLUSIONS

Haigis and Hoffer Q formulas performed slightly better than SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulas. Therefore, for cataractous patients with moderate AL, all four formulas based the biometry from IOLMaster combining Topolyzer and IOLMaster only can be used for the prediction of IOL power, and the Haigis and Hoffer Q formulas are particularly recommended.
Optical Quality after Posterior Chamber Phakic Implantation of an Intraocular Lens with a Central Hole (V4c Implantable Collamer Lens) under Different Lighting Conditions
Authors: He Tianrui , Zhu Yi , Zhou Jibo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background

The current study compared optical quality before and after implantation of a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central hole [V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL)] under bright and dark lighting conditions by means of the Optical Quality Analysis System™ (OQAS; Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain).

Methods

This prospective study involved 91 eyes of 46 consecutive patients undergoing implantation of a V4c ICL (15 males and 31 females). The modulation transfer function (MTF) cutoff frequency, Strehl ratio, objective scattering index (OSI), and predicted visual acuities (PVAs; 100%, 20%, and 9%), under different lighting conditions, were measured before and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery.

Results

All optical parameters showed significant improvements, at all time points, under dark condition after surgery. We observed no significant changes in PVA 9% at 1 week (P=0.12) or 1 month after surgery (P=0.08) under light condition; but all other postoperative parameters improved significantly. Comparing the two lighting conditions, the OSI decreased more under dark conditions at 1 week (P=0.02), 1 month (P=0.004), and 3 months (P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in any other parameter. In addition, patients were divided into a high myopia group (group H) and a super-high myopia group (group S), the group S improved significantly more than group H in all parameters, under both bright and dark conditions.

Conclusions

V4c ICL implantation improved optical quality under both bright and dark lighting conditions, and had a better ability to reduce the extent of scattering in the dark. Furthermore, group S achieved greater improvement in visual quality, which should be considered by physicians before surgery.
Monocular visual impairment in a patient undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy: a case report and clinical findings
Authors: Yuan Xia , Feng Yuliang , Li Dan , Li Mei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background

Visual impairment occurred as an infrequent form of chemotherapeutic toxicity and was often underestimated despite of several reports. We described a case of acute monocular visual impairment after one cycle of intravenous cisplatin-based chemotherapy of normal dose, aimed at raising attention to chemotherapy-induced ocular toxicity.

Case presentation

The patient consulted to an ophthalmologist, and during her follow-up period we documented the ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity, visual field (VF), visual evoked potential (VEP), electroretinogram (ERG), fundus photograph (FP), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). During chemotherapy, the patient developed progressive vision loss in the right eye. No evidence of ocular infiltration was observed from the cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ophthalmoscope examination and fundus photograph showed optic disc edema, fuzzy boundary and linear hemorrhages in the right eye. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) revealed capillary underdevelopment at the nasal and superior temporal area of optic disc in the early phase and capillary fluorescein leakage in the late phase. The result of VEP test suggested that the function of optic nerve was impaired. A diagnosis of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was made by an ophthalmologist and the patient received prednisone combined with neuroprotective drugs, which did not work. After cessation of chemotherapy, her impaired vision gradually improved.

Conclusions

This is the first reported case of acute visual impairment in a patient undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy of normal dose. It is warranted that cancer patients benefiting from chemotherapy simultaneously suffer from the risk of vision loss.
Highly efficient enhancement of municipal sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA
Authors: Li Hao , Song Lei , Han Baohong , Song Hongwei , Bai Runying , Li Huidong , Wang Qian , Lin Zhipeng , Hu Wenbin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This study presents a sulfate radical-based oxidation method for improving municipal sludge dewaterability by combining persulfate and nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on humic acid (nZVI/HA-PS). Sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA was assessed for specific resistance to filterability (SRF), time to filter (TTF), settling volume percentage (SV30) and water content (Wc). The influencing factors, such as mass ratios of nZVI to HA, initial pH, PS dosage and nZVI/HA nanocomposite dosage, were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the SRF reduction efficiency of the sludge reached 86.47% using initial concentrations of 1.2 mmol/gVSS PS and 300 mg/L nZVI/HA. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sludge supernatants increased from 79 mg/L to 710 mg/L under optimum conditioning, indicating that sludge flocs were effectively decomposed. Economic analysis demonstrated that the nZVI/HA-PS conditioning process is a potential method for improving sludge dewaterability.
Application of sodium ferrate produced from industrial wastes for TOC removal of surface water
Authors: Momtazpour H. , Jorfi S. , Tabatabaie T. , Pazira A. A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of sodium ferrate synthesized from industrial effluents (SF-W) and that of synthetized from analytical grade chemicals (SF-O) on total organic carbon (TOC) removal from surface water. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the operating variables such as pH, dosing rate, rapid mixing time, and gentle mixing speed on TOC removal. A TOC removal of 89.805% and 79.79% was observed for SF-O and SF-W, respectively. Ferrate as SF-O and SF-W demonstrated 26.67% and 8.51% more TOC removal at a lower dosage compared to conventional chemicals such as chlorine, ozone, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and polyelectrolyte. The optimum conditions of the independent variables including sodium ferrate (SF-O and SF-W), pH, rapid mixing time and gentle mixing speed were found to be 1.54 mg/L and 2.68 mg/L, 8.5, 30 s at 120 rpm for coagulation followed by 20 min of gentle mixing. Economic analysis showed that the application of SF instead of conventional chemicals provides a significant reduction in operational costs by about 68%, mainly because of the reduction of chemicals and energy consumption.
“Una ciencia tan útil como agradable”. Los discursos del catedrático Pío Bustamante y Rocha: ilustración y romanticismo en la enseñanza botánica, 1845-1860
Authors: Vega y Ortega Baez Rodrigo Antonio 
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el desarrollo de la cátedra de Botánica expresado en el eclecticismo de los discursos ilustrados y románticos. Se basa en los estudios sociales de la ciencia que permiten relacionar la historia de la educación con el desarrollo de la ciencia mexicana. La cátedra de Botánica funcionó durante la crisis sociopolítica que permeaba en el país y fue un espacio científico mexicano activo en el siglo XIX. En este sentido, la investigación requiere de contrastar la fuente hemerográfica con la archivística y bibliográfica para comprender a cabalidad la dinámica científica. La originalidad del trabajo consiste en que hasta el momento se carecía de estudios históricos relativos al desarrollo del Jardín Botánico del país entre 1845 y 1860 basados en la prensa. Entre los hallazgos destaca que el interés por el desarrollo de la botánica en México se debió a su utilidad en la generación de recursos económicos a la sociedad y al Estado nación.
Discriminación a jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes en espacios públicos de San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas
Authors: Chi Aguilar Reynaldo , Horbath Corredor Jorge Enrique , Gracia María Amalia , Schmook Birgit Inge 
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la discriminación de jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes en espacios públicos. A partir de una triangulación de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos y de una revisión de datos censales de 2010, se analizan las experiencias de discriminación. Como resultado, se confirma que la discriminación, el acoso, la segregación de los espacios públicos y la extorsión por la condición étnica conducen a la marginalidad indígena en la ciudad. Entre las implicaciones se tiene que el Estado supone como problema a los jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes y formula políticas de uso del espacio público para justificar su retiro. En el estudio, se involucran diferentes técnicas de análisis de información y a diferentes actores para tener una visión más amplia del fenómeno. Entre las conclusiones,destaca que los jóvenes indígenas vendedores ambulantes relacionan el trabajo con la adquisición de sentido de responsabilidad, así como el Estado no garantiza bienestar social.
Apuntes teóricos brasileños a la historia ambiental. Un paso impostergable en la constitución de una historia ambiental latinoamericana y caribeña
Authors: Morales Jasso Gerardo 
Published: April 2019

El texto busca introducir a los historiadores hispanoamericanos y caribeños a la historia ambiental brasileña. Para su preparación se seleccionaron propuestas de nueve historiadores ambientales brasileños y se sintetizaron temáticamente. De modo que el artículo es una síntesis crítica de textos escritos por ellos. Tal síntesis, por cuestión de espacio, no muestra las coincidencias y diferencias con la historia ambiental hispanoamericana y caribeña, pero nos propone prestar mayor atención a la historia ambiental brasileña con el fin de conformar un colectivo de historiadores ambientales latinoamericanos en diálogo. Además, redefine las categorías ambiente, sociedad y naturaleza con base en los sintagmas “antroposociedad” y “naturaleza no antrópica”, lo que resignifica la historia ambiental en un contexto de revolución científica y plantea su complicada relación con la historia social. También aborda la discusión interdisciplina /transdisciplina/subdisciplina.
Prevalence of Dietary Supplement use and its Relation to Maternal Characteristics in Iranian Pregnant Women
Authors: Talank Nastaran , Mirzaei Ehsan , Mirjalili Mahtabalsadat , Rangchian Maryam , Mohammadi Younes , Mehrpooya Maryam 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Based on the available evidence, diet alone cannot fulfill maternal and fetal
nutritional demands during pregnancy. Therefore, taking dietary supplements are recommended
during pregnancy worldwide. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics can affect dietary supplements
consumption during pregnancy. Little information is available with regard to the dietary
supplement consumption in Iranian pregnant women.

Objective:
This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement
use in Iranian pregnant woman.

Methods:
250 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy attending the obstetric clinic
affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences between February and August 2018 were
asked to complete a questionnaire. Information including socio-demographic and other related characteristics
of precipitants and use of any dietary supplements during their current pregnancy was
collected. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used to determine the association
between variables.

Results:
The results showed that dietary supplement use among Iranian pregnant women was relatively
high (69%). Folic acid was the most common supplement used by the participants (66%)
followed by multivitamin (52%) and Iron (48.6%). However, only 26.4% of pregnant women reported
consumption of folic acid prior to pregnancy. The consumption of dietary supplements was
directly associated with the age (P=0.003), level of education (P<0.001), family income (P=0.03),
and the history of miscarriage (P=0.047).

Conclusion:
Although dietary supplement use among Iranian pregnant women was relatively high,
pregnant women with poor socio-economic status do not consume required dietary supplements.
Thus, vulnerable groups can benefit from educational and financial supports during pregnancy.
Succinic Acid Production as Secondary Metabolite from Bacillus megaterium ELI24
Authors: Ortiz Aurelio , Sansinenea Estibaliz 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important
chemicals and has an extensive application range to apply in different industrial areas, such as
pharmaceutical and food industry.

Objective:
In this work, we isolated a strain of B. megaterium which produces succinic acid in optimized
czapek medium for its production.

Methods:
A study of the production of this organic acid was realized in different media adding insoluble
phosphate sources to czapek medium.

Results:
Two Bacillus strains ELI 24 and ELI30 that were isolated from soil in Mexico were fully
characterized as Bacillus megaterium and B. thuringiensis. B. megaterium ELI 24 was proved to secrete
succinic acid which was clearly identified by spectroscopic methods, such as 1H and 13C NMR,
and X-ray analysis.

Conclusion:
This organic acid could improve the solubility of insoluble phosphate, which could
help in the growth of plants.
Evaluation of the Performance of a Reed Solomon Coded STBC MIMO System Concatenated with MPSK and MQAM in Different Channels
Authors: Mane Pradeep B. , Belsare Madhavi H. 
Published: April 2019

Background & Objective:Wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and LTE are using Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) communications that play an important role in achieving high data rates. Bit Error Rate (BER) is one of the most important performance parameters in multipath channels for data communication.Methods:This research proposes a new method based on Reed Solomon (RS) coding to improve the efficacy of a Space-Time Block Coded (STBC) MIMO System concatenated with M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) and M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (MQAM) in reducing BER in Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami channels. It is based on the error detection and correction properties intrinsic to RS coding processes. Binary data is coded using an RS encoder and the modulated signal STBC encoded and transmitted through Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami channels. Signals received by two antennas are STBC decoded, demodulated, RS decoded and tested for BER.Results & Conclusion:Results show lower BER rates for RS Coded systems as compared for uncoded systems in all three channels. In addition, it was found that reduction in BER is greater for high Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) but deteriorates for low SNR. Furthermore, this research observed that RS coding gives 63% to 98% improvement in BER in the Rayleigh as compared to Rician and Nakagami channels. This research has been able to successfully incorporate the BER reduction of STBC MIMO to further enhance the efficacy of an STBC MIMO system.
DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN A SECONDARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SENTHILSELVI R. , BOOPANA M. , Sathyan Linta , VISUVASAM PRIYA , GANESAN V. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The study was carried out to generate research on drug utilization pattern in paediatric patients in government headquarters hospital, Tiruppur, Tamilnadu, India using world health organization (WHO) and international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core indicator.
Methods: The core prescribing indicators of the world health organization was used to assess the appropriate use of drugs. Index of rational drug prescribing (IRDP) developed by Zhang and Zhi was also used to find out the performance of a health care system in terms of drug utilization.
Results: Out of 859 drugs in 200 cases the highest prescribed drug class is antibiotics 304(35.39%) and the majority of drugs were administered in injectable form 412(47.94%). It was analysed that a majority of prescriptions 117(58.5%) were discharged in between 4-7 d. 161(80.5%) patients were dismissed after completion of treatment. On analysing world health organization (WHO) prescribing core indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was 4.29 which is higher than double the average number (i.e., 2). This indicates poly-pharmacy practice. 97.78% of drugs were prescribed were the generic name and percentage of encounters with antibiotic prescribed was 90.5% which is thrice greater than world health organization (WHO) standard<30%. Prescribing of injections is not within the world health organization (WHO) recommended range<20% and it was far higher showing 97.5% which is essential for paediatric inpatients. The prescribing practice in paediatric ward is in complete adherence to national essential drug list (EDL) or formulary. The mean value of the index of rational drug prescribing (IRDP) obtained was 3.09 which is very similar to that of optimal value world health organization (WHO).
Conclusion: Prescription by generic name, prescribing drugs from essential drug list (EDL) and free government supply are encouraging findings in this hospital. The result shows poly-pharmacy and overuse of antibiotics are the areas to be concerned. The better clinical outcome shows rational prescribing is practised well.