bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical model to predict B‐type natriuretic peptide levels in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Touzot Maxime , Seris Pascal , Maheas Catherine , Vanmassenhove Jill , Langlois Anne‐Lyse , Moubakir Kamal , Laplanche Sophie , Petitclerc Thierry , Ridel Christophe , Lavielle Marc 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAimClinical interpretation of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in haemodialysis (HD) patients for fluid management remains elusive.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational monocentric study. We built a mathematical model to predict BNP levels, using multiple linear regressions. Fifteen clinical/biological characteristics associated with BNP variation were selected. A first cohort of 150 prevalent HD (from September 2015 to March 2016) was used to build several models. The best model proposed was internally validated in an independent cohort of 75 incidents HD (from March 2016 to December 2017).ResultsIn cohort 1, mean BNP level was 630 ± 717 ng/mL. Cardiac disease (CD – stable coronary artery disease and/or atrial fibrillation) was present in 45% of patients. The final model includes age, systolic blood pressure, albumin, CD, normo‐hydrated weight (NHW) and the fluid overload (FO) assessed by bio‐impedancemetry. The correlation between the measured and the predicted log‐BNP was 0.567 and 0.543 in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Age (β = 3.175e−2, P < 0.001), CD (β = 5.243e−1, P < 0.001) and FO (β = 1.227e−1, P < 0.001) contribute most significantly to the BNP level, respectively, but within a certain range. We observed a logistic relationship between BNP and age between 30 and 60 years, after which this relationship was lost. BNP level was inversely correlated with NHW independently of CD. Finally, our model allows us to predict the BNP level according to the FO.ConclusionWe developed a mathematical model capable of predicting the BNP level in HD. Our results show the complex contribution of age, CD and FO on BNP level.
Leaf and stem epicuticular wax structures in Lonicera species (Caprifoliaceae)
Authors: Tomaszewski Dominik , Byalt Alexey , Gawlak Magdalena 
Published: March 2019

Epicuticular waxes are found on the surface of the plant epidermis as crystal structures which show morphological diversity and may be useful in plant systematics. The aim of this study was to recognise the diversity of the epicuticular wax cover on leaves and stems of Lonicera species (Caprifoliaceae) and to estimate the taxonomic value of wax traits. Adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaves and the stem surface in 35 taxa were investigated through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The assessment was prepared on the basis of the presence or absence of basic types of wax structures and their dimensions, using categorical response analysis, multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis.In the analysed species, we found differences in the wax layer structure on the surfaces of the leaves and stems. Apart from the smooth layer, tubules and platelets can be found. Tubules are considerably more frequent than platelets. In many cases, the same plant part produces more than just one wax type.Our analysis indicates that wax structures are not very informative for the taxonomy of Lonicera, because we observed only a weak correspondence between the presence or absence of some types of wax tubules and the infrageneric classification of the genus. However, in particular cases these new data can be used for species identification.
CITED2 mediates the mechanical loading–induced suppression of adipokines in the infrapatellar fat pad
Authors: Liu Lidi , He Zhiyong , Xu Lin , Lu Laijin , Feng Haotian , Leong Daniel J. , Kim Sun J. , Hirsh David M. , Majeska Robert J. , Goldring Mary B. , Cobelli Neil J. , Sun Hui B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAdipokines secreted from the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), such as adipsin and adiponectin, have been implicated in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. CITED2, a mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator with chondroprotective activity, may modulate their expression.Cited2haploinsufficient mice (Cited2+/−) on a high‐fat diet (HFD) exhibited increased body weight and increased IPFP area compared to wild‐type (WT) mice on an HFD. While an exercise regimen of moderate treadmill running induced the expression of CITED2, as well as PGC‐1α, and reduced the expression of adipsin and adiponectin in the IPFP of WT mice on an HFD,Cited2haploinsufficiency abolished the loading‐induced expression of PGC‐1α and loading‐induced suppression of adipsin and adiponectin. Furthermore, knocking down or knocking outCITED2in adipose stem cells (ASCs)/preadipocytes derived from the IPFPin vitroled to the increased expression of adipsin and adiponectin and reduced PGC‐1α, and abolished the loading‐induced suppression of adipsin and adiponectin and loading‐induced expression of PGC‐1α. Overexpression of PGC‐1α in these ASC/preadipocytes reversed the effects caused by CITED2 deficiency. The current data suggest that CITED2 is a critical regulator in physiologic loading‐induced chondroprotection in the context of an HFD and PGC‐1α is required for the inhibitory effects of CITED2 on the expression of adipokines such as adipsin and adiponectin in the IPFP.
Sputum from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients inhibits T cell migration in a microfluidic device
Authors: Ren Xiaoou , Wu Jiandong , Levin David , Santos Susy , de Faria Ricardo Lobato , Zhang Michael , Lin Francis 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by narrowed airways, resulting in serious breathing difficulty. Previous studies have demonstrated that inflammatory infiltration of leukocytes in the airway is associated with the pathogenesis of COPD. In the present study, we employed a microfluidic approach to assess the effect of COPD sputum on activated human peripheral blood T cell migration and chemotaxis under well‐controlled gradient conditions. Our results showed considerable basal migration of T cells derived from peripheral blood of COPD patients and healthy controls in the medium control groups. By contrast, the migration of T cells from COPD patients and healthy controls was significantly inhibited in the presence of a gradient of sputum supernatant from COPD patients. Furthermore, chemotaxis of T cells from COPD patients or healthy subjects toward an SDF‐1α gradient was clearly inhibited by sputum samples from the COPD patients. The inhibition effect revealed by the microfluidic cell migration experiments provides new information about the complex involvement of T cell trafficking in COPD.
A scoring algorithm for the accurate differential diagnosis of regular wide QRS complex tachycardia
Authors: Pachón Marta , Arias Miguel A. , Salvador‐Montañés Óscar , Calvo David , Peñafiel Pablo , Puchol Alberto , Martín‐Sierra Cristina , Akerström Finn , Pachón Nicolás , Rodríguez‐Padial Luis , Almendral Jesús 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe differential diagnosis of regular wide QRS complex tachycardia (RWQRST) remains the subject of numerous publications, all of which aim at diagnosis during the acute phase. Although an accurate diagnosis is necessary to make long‐term decisions, it often leads to invasive testing.MethodsCriteria with high positive predictive values (PPVs) for diagnosis can be obtained by analyzing the electrocardiogram (ECG) data during RWQRST and comparing them with these data at baseline. By assigning points to these criteria, a scoring algorithm to accurately diagnose numerous patients can be obtained. A total of 352 consecutive patients with RWQRST were included. Two electrophysiologists blind to patient condition analyzed the 16 criteria considered as having high PPVs.ResultsA total of 149 (42.3%) cases were supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and 203 (57.7%) cases were ventricular tachycardia (VT). A higher percentage of patients with VT had structural heart disease (86.7% vs 16.1%). Seven of the 16 criteria analyzed had PPVs > 95%, and each criterion was assigned a score. A final score of –1 was indicative of SVT (PPV 98%); a score of 1 was indicative of VT (PPV 98%); and a score of ≥2 was indicative of VT (PPV 100%). A score of ≠0 was obtained for 51.7% of all cases of tachycardia, making it possible to reach a highly accurate diagnosis in approximately half of all cases. No cases of VT scored –1, and no cases of SVT scored ≥2.ConclusionsThe current scoring system stands out for its high PPV (98%) and specificity (98%), enabling an accurate diagnosis for more than half of the patients.
A Cross‐Cultural Validation of the Multidimensional Pain Readiness to Change Questionnaire 2 for Japanese Individuals With Chronic Pain
Authors: Adachi Tomonori , Sunohara Momoka , Ogawa Masashi , Enomoto Kiyoka , Fujita Yoshitsugu , Mizuno Yasuyuki , Miki Kenji , Yukioka Masao , Maeda Lynn , Nishiwaki Yuko , Itoh Kazuki , Nakanishi Miho , Iwashita Narihito , Kitagawa Hirotoshi , Sasaki Jun , Jensen Mark P. , Fukui Sei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe Multidimensional Pain Readiness to Change Questionnaire 2 (MPRCQ2) is a reliable and valid measure that assesses readiness to adopt a variety of discrete pain self‐management responses. We sought to translate and evaluate psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the MPRCQ2 (MPRCQ2‐J) in individuals with chronic pain.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐three individuals with chronic pain were asked to complete the MPRCQ2‐J, as well as measures assessing pain intensity, pain interference, self‐efficacy, and general readiness to adopt a self‐management approach for pain. Forty‐eight of these participants provided additional MPRCQ2‐J data to assess test‐retest reliability.ResultsThe findings supported a 2‐factor structure of the MPRCQ2‐J when error covariances between the some of the nine primary scales were allowed. Adequate internal consistencies of the MPRCQ2‐J scales (Cronbach's α ranged 0.71 to 0.86), except for the total score (α = 0.68), were observed. However, adequate test‐retest reliabilities (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.60) were found for only 59% of the MPRCQ2‐J scales. The MPRCQ2‐J evidenced its construct validity via confirmation of the predicted patterns of associations with validity criterion measures and the anticipated effects of participation in an exercise treatment.DiscussionThe findings support the internal consistency (except for the total score) and construct validity for MPRCQ2‐J scales. However, potential limitations with respect to test‐retest reliability of some of the scales were also suggested. The MPRCQ2‐J can be used to examine the role that specific readiness domains of pain self‐management responses may play in an adjustment process in Japanese individuals with chronic pain.
The Role of Uncertainty in Regulating E‐Cigarettes: The Emergence of a Regulatory Regime, 2005‐15
Authors: Newman Joshua 
Published: March 2019

Increasingly, the regulation of public health hazards is subject to an appraisal of the risk of harm to various target populations. However, an expanding body of evidence suggests that when faced with a deficit of information concerning a particular public health risk, governments and regulators do very little to address the risk directly. By examining the case of the first ten years of the availability of electronic cigarettes (2005‐15), this article illustrates a scenario in which regulation to manage public health risks does not occur, because there is insufficient information to support a particular course of action. It then argues that when information is sparse, regulators can find themselves in a zone of uncertainty within which regulatory action can be a significant challenge.Related ArticlesGivel, Michael S., and Andrew L. Spivak. 2008. “Public Management and the Public Good: The Case of Oklahoma’s 2002 Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Rules.” Politics & Policy 36 (3): 430‐447. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00115.xHarvey, Olivia. 2009. “Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research in the United States: Some Policy Options for Industry Development.” Politics & Policy 37 (1): 51‐71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00161.xPautz, Michelle C. 2009. “Trust between Regulators and the Regulated: A Case Study of Environmental Inspectors and Facility Personnel in Virginia.” Politics & Policy 37 (5): 1047‐1072. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2009.00210.xRelated MediaBaird, Craig. 2016. “Effects of Vaping Up in the Air; City Plans to Follow Provincial Legislation Regarding Smoking Bans.” The Leader‐Post (Regina, Canada). May 14, A8.Britton, John, and Ilze Bogdanovica. 2014. Electronic Cigarettes: A Report Commissioned by Public Health England. London: Public Health England. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/311887/Ecigarettes_report.pdfGalewitz, Phil. 2016. “Here’s What’s Clear as FDA Regulates Vaping.” The Washington Post. No. 05/2016. https://www.pressreader.com/usa/the-washington-post/20160510/283162902808111
Adherence to supportive periodontal treatment
Authors: Echeverría José J. , Echeverría Ana , Caffesse Raúl G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLike any other chronic disease, periodontal disease can be treated, but not eradicated. Personal maintenance of periodontal health requires the continuous elimination of bacterial accumulation at the gingival level, which demands periodical professional assistance. Of upmost importance is the patient being able to actively follow the counsel of the care providers. Thus, patient compliance, adherence, and persistence are paramount for the long‐term success of periodontal therapy. Unfortunately, in medicine as well as in dentistry, most studies show that, sooner rather than later, an unacceptable percentage of patients quit maintenance care. However, different studies have shown that there are behavioral techniques which may significantly improve the degree of motivation, compliance and persistence of patients with oral hygiene and supportive periodontal treatment. The right interval between maintenance visits has not been determined yet, but should be implemented according to patient needs, which do not necessarily coincide with the standard three‐month interval historically accepted as adequate. Adherence to periodontal maintenance results in reduction of plaque and bleeding on probing, and potentially slowing down or halting the disease progression. Finally, based on numerous retrospective studies, patient compliance could be considered a disease‐modifying factor positively affecting tooth survival. However, a lack of randomized clinical trials means this last statement is still open to question.
The Riemann–Hilbert analysis to the Pollaczek–Jacobi type orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Chen Min , Chen Yang , Fan En‐Gui 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study polynomials orthogonal with respect to a Pollaczek–Jacobi type weight
urn:x-wiley:00222526:media:sapm12259:sapm12259-math-0001The uniform asymptotic expansions for the monic orthogonal polynomials on the interval (0,1) and outside this interval are obtained. Moreover, near , the uniform asymptotic expansion involves Airy function as , and Bessel function of order α as in the neighborhood of , the uniform asymptotic expansion is associated with Bessel function of order β as . The recurrence coefficients and leading coefficient of the orthogonal polynomials are expressed in terms of a particular Painlevé III transcendent. We also obtain the limit of the kernel in the bulk of the spectrum. The double scaled logarithmic derivative of the Hankel determinant satisfies a σ‐form Painlevé III equation. The asymptotic analysis is based on the Deift and Zhou's steepest descent method.
Hybrid sequencing reveals insight into heat sensing and signaling of bread wheat
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Chen Siyuan , Shi Xue , Liu Danni , Zhao Peng , Lu Yunze , Cheng Yanbing , Liu Zhenshan , Nie Xiaojun , Song Weining , Sun Qixin , Xu Shengbao , Ma Chuang 
Published: March 2019

SummaryWheat (Triticum aestivumL.), a globally important crop, is challenged by increasing temperatures (heat stress,HS). However its polyploid nature, the incompleteness of its genome sequences and annotation, the lack of comprehensiveHS‐responsive transcriptomes and the unexplored heat sensing and signaling of wheat hinder our full understanding of its adaptations toHS. The recently released genome sequences of wheat, as well as emerging single‐molecular sequencing technologies, provide an opportunity to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms of the wheat response toHS. We generated a high‐resolution spatio‐temporal transcriptome map of wheat flag leaves and filling grain underHSat 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 1 h and 4 h by combining full‐length single‐molecular sequencing and Illumina short reads sequencing. This hybrid sequencing newly discovered 4947 loci and 70 285 transcripts, generating the comprehensive and dynamic list ofHS‐responsive full‐length transcripts and complementing the recently released wheat reference genome. Large‐scale analysis revealed a global landscape of heat adaptations, uncovering unexpected rapid heat sensing and signaling, significant changes of more than half ofHS‐responsive genes within 30 min, heat shock factor‐dependent and ‐independent heat signaling, and metabolic alterations in earlyHS‐responses. Integrated analysis also demonstrated the differential responses and partitioned functions between organs and subgenomes, and suggested a differential pattern of transcriptional and alternative splicing regulation in theHSresponse. This study provided comprehensive data for dissecting molecular mechanisms of earlyHSresponses in wheat and highlighted the genomic plasticity and evolutionary divergence of polyploidy wheat.
Structural analysis of chloroplast tail‐anchored membrane protein recognition by ArsA1
Authors: Lin Tai‐Wen , Chen Chi‐Chih , Wu Shu‐Mei , Chang Yu‐Ching , Li Yi‐Chuan , Su Yu‐Wang , Hsiao Chwan‐Deng , Chang Hsin‐Yang 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn mammals and yeast, tail‐anchored (TA) membrane proteins destined for the post‐translational pathway are safely delivered to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by a well‐known targeting factor, TRC40/Get3. In contrast, the underlying mechanism for translocation of TA proteins in plants remains obscure. How this unique eukaryotic membrane‐trafficking system correctly distinguishes different subsets of TA proteins destined for various organelles, including mitochondria, chloroplasts and the ER, is a key question of long standing. Here, we present crystal structures of algal ArsA1 (the Get3 homolog) in a distinct nucleotide‐free open state and bound to adenylyl‐imidodiphosphate. This approximately 80‐kDa protein possesses a monomeric architecture, with two ATPase domains in a single polypeptide chain. It is capable of binding chloroplast (TOC34 and TOC159) and mitochondrial (TOM7) TA proteins based on features of its transmembrane domain as well as the regions immediately before and after the transmembrane domain. Several helices located above the TA‐binding groove comprise the interlocking hook‐like motif implicated by mutational analyses in TA substrate recognition. Our data provide insights into the molecular basis of the highly specific selectivity of interactions of algal ArsA1 with the correct sets of TA substrates before membrane targeting in plant cells.
Crystal structures of rhamnosyltransferase UGT89C1 from Arabidopsis thaliana reveal the molecular basis of sugar donor specificity for UDP‐β‐l‐rhamnose and rhamnosylation mechanism
Authors: Zong Guangning , Fei Shuang , Liu Xiao , Li Jie , Gao Yanrong , Yang Xue , Wang Xiaoqiang , Shen Yuequan 
Published: March 2019

SummaryGlycosylation is a key modification for most molecules including plant natural products, for example, flavonoids and isoflavonoids, and can enhance the bioactivity and bioavailability of the natural products. The crystal structure of plant rhamnosyltransferase UGT89C1 from Arabidopsis thaliana was determined, and the structures of UGT89C1 in complexes with UDP‐β‐l‐rhamnose and acceptor quercetin revealed the detailed interactions between the enzyme and its substrates. Structural and mutational analysis indicated that Asp356, His357, Pro147 and Ile148 are key residues for sugar donor recognition and specificity for UDP‐β‐l‐rhamnose. The mutant H357Q exhibited activity with both UDP‐β‐l‐rhamnose and UDP‐glucose. Structural comparison and mutagenesis confirmed that His21 is a key residue as the catalytic base and the only catalytic residue involved in catalysis independently as UGT89C1 lacks the other catalytic Asp that is highly conserved in other reported UGTs and forms a hydrogen bond with the catalytic base His. Ser124 is located in the corresponding position of the catalytic Asp in other UGTs and is not able to form a hydrogen bond with His21. Mutagenesis further showed that Ser124 may not be important in its catalysis, suggesting that His21 and acceptor may form an acceptor‐His dyad and UGT89C1 utilizes a catalytic dyad in catalysis instead of catalytic triad. The information of structure and mutagenesis provides structural insights into rhamnosyltransferase substrate specificity and rhamnosylation mechanism.
Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky recovered from human clinical cases in Maryland, USA (2011–2015)
Authors: Haley Bradd J. , Kim Seon Woo , Haendiges Julie , Keller Eric , Torpey David , Kim Alexander , Crocker Kia , Myers Robert A. , Van Kessel Jo Ann S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSalmonella Kentucky is among the most frequently isolated S. enterica serovars from food animals in the United States. Recent research on isolates recovered from these animals suggests there may be geographic and host specificity signatures associated with S. Kentucky strains. However, the sources and genomic features of human clinical S. Kentucky isolated in the United States remain poorly described. To investigate the characteristics of clinical S. Kentucky and the possible sources of these infections, the genomes of all S. Kentucky isolates recovered from human clinical cases in the State of Maryland between 2011 and 2015 (n = 12) were sequenced and compared to a database of 525 previously sequenced S. Kentucky genomes representing 12 sequence types (ST) collected from multiple sources on several continents. Of the 12 human clinical S. Kentucky isolates from Maryland, nine were ST198, two were ST152, and one was ST314. Forty‐one per cent of isolates were recovered from patients reporting recent international travel and 58% of isolates encoded genomic characteristics similar to those originating outside of the United States. Of the five isolates not associated with international travel, three encoded antibiotic resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline or aminoglycosides, while two others only encoded the cryptic aac(6′)‐Iaa gene. Five isolates recovered from individuals with international travel histories (ST198) and two for which travel was not recorded (ST198) encoded genes conferring resistance to between 4 and 7 classes of antibiotics. Seven ST198 genomes encoded the Salmonella Genomic Island 1 and substitutions in the gyrA and parC genes known to confer resistance to ciprofloxacin. Case report data on food consumption and travel were, for the most part, consistent with the inferred S. Kentucky phylogeny. Results of this study indicate that the majority of S. Kentucky infections in Maryland are caused by ST198 which may originate outside of North America.