bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Políticas de formação de professores no Brasil de 1964 a 1972: aspectos históricos e teóricos
Authors: Franco Gomez Lucas Gabriel , Paes de Carvalho Ramos Lilian Maria 
Published: April 2019

Recebido: 07/05/2017 Aprovado: 27/05/2017Publicado: 10/06/2017Resumo: O tempo presente resulta das elaborações e construções do passado, que vai desenhando os limites e possibilidades para o surgimento de novas circunstâncias. No campo das políticas educacionais de formação docente esta ideia se aplica no sentido de que, os pequenos avanços e os numerosos dilemas atuais tiveram origem nas discussões e iniciativas de períodos anteriores. Nesta perspectiva, este artigo apresenta parte do resultado final da dissertação de mestrado defendida em maio de 2017 no PPGEduc/UFRRJ. Consiste em uma retomada histórica das políticas de formação docente no período de 1964 a 1972, através de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. O golpe militar de 1964 impactou diretamente o cenário educacional do país, de modo que a formação dos professores foi direcionada para atender as demandas da política econômica desenvolvimentista dependente e a educação passou a ser subordinada cada vez mais à perspectiva tecnicista. Palavras-chave: Formação Docente, Políticas, Qualificação, Valorização.
Implementasi Mengasihi Allah Sesuai Markus 12:30 Pada Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethany Surabaya
Authors: Zaluchu Julianus 
Published: April 2019

In this dissertation the researcher takes the title: Implementation Loves God In Mark 12:30 Among Students of Bethany High School Theology Surabaya. Students from Bethany High School Surabaya come from various backgrounds. This background colored the implementation and practice of loving God in Mark 12:30. In the field observation there is a negative phenomenon among students STT Bethany Surabaya in the implementation of loving God in Mark 12:30. In the formulation of the problem, the researcher determines from the four aspects of God's love in Mark 12:30, which aspect dominantly forms the implementation of loving God in the lives of STT Bethany Surabaya students.
The temporary answer to the problem under investigation, whose truth needs to be tested empirically is the hypothesis. Based on the formulation of the problem, the study of the theory and framework of the above hypothetical proposed as follows: 1. Loving God with all the heart in Mark 12:30 among students STT Bethany tend to be in low to moderate position, 2. Loving God with all the soul in Mark 12:30 among the students of STT Bethany tends to be in low to moderate positions. 3. Loving God with all the intellect in Mark 12:30 among the students of STT Bethany tends to be on the way to high. 4. Loving God with all the strength in Mark 12:30 amongst the students of STT Bethany tends to be in a position of being heading high.
The research methodology is quantitative with confirmatory explanatory approach that is based on quantitative in data collection and analysis to test the hypothesis specified. In this section of analysis and discussion of researchers conducted a discussion of the results of research hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that the application of the Y variable tends to be in a moderate position. The findings in the field regarding the application of variable Y are in a moderate position.
The hypothesis is acceptable. Based on the results of statistical tests on the implementation of variable Y in the range of Lower Bound and Upper Bond value of 341.28 s / d 347.85 lies in the category is. Test the second hypothesis of implementation Loving God in Mark 12:30 among students STT Bethany the determining dimension is with all soul. The third hypothesis test is to love God in Mark 12:30 among students Bethany (Y) STT is in accordance with the hypothesis is from low to medium.
Based on the above findings, the researcher proposes some practical implications that can be constructive input for STT Bethany Surabaya institution. The results of this study can be used by leaders and alumni STT Bethany to improve the quality of students in realizing loving God with all heart, soul, mind and strength.
Serum Chromium Levels are Higher in Peritoneal Dialysis than in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Feldman Leonid , Beberashvili Ilia , Hamad Ramzia Abu , Yakov-Hai Iris , Abramov Elena , Wasser Walter , Gorelik Oleg , Rozenberg Roza , Efrati Shai 
Published: April 2019

Background An elevation in serum chromium levels in individuals treated with renal replacement therapy has been previously described, but chromium levels have not been systematically studied in patients treated with different dialysis modalities. The aim of this study was to compare serum chromium levels in patients treated with chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD). Methods We studied 169 chronic dialysis patients in a single medical center, of which 148 were treated with HD and 21 with PD. Serum chromium levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Residual renal function was accessed using a timed urine collection for the measurement of urine output and calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Results The median (interquartile range) serum chromium level was significantly higher in patients treated with PD than in patients treated with HD: 5.00 (3.24 – 6.15) vs 1.83 (1.29 – 2.45) mcg/L, p < 0.001. In a univariate analysis, serum chromium level was associated with PD modality: Exp (B) 7.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1 – 26.4), p = 0.002. The association of PD modality with serum chromium level was even more significant using a multivariate logistic regression model: odds ratio (OR) 11.87 (95% CI 2.85 – 49.52), p = 0.001 after adjustment for age, gender, diabetes, smoking, dialysis vintage, use of diuretics, and residual renal function. Conclusions In patients treated with chronic dialysis, serum chromium levels are higher in patients treated with PD than in those treated with HD.
« En Afrique, aller voir le psychologue, je n’ai jamais entendu ça » : interprétations croisées du psycho-traumatisme entre médiateurs culturels, professionnels de santé et réfugiés victimes de torture à Athènes
Authors: Womersley Gail , Kloetzer Laure 
Published: April 2019

Malgré la prévalence élevée d’état de stress post-traumatique, ou SSPT (Syndrome de Stress Post-Traumatique) diagnostiqué chez les réfugiés, d’importantes critiques ont été soulevées quant à sa pertinence comme construction diagnostique, notamment au plan interculturel. En outre, la collaboration entre les professionnels en santé mentale et les réfugiés se heurte fréquemment aux barrières linguistiques et culturelles, ce qui accroît les risques d’incompréhension. Le médiateur culturel joue dans cet espace un rôle clef de mise en dialogue des conceptions et interprétations variées de la souffrance et du trouble mental entre les réfugiés et les professionnels de santé. Afin d’explorer la diversité des perspectives des réfugiés, des professionnels de santé et des médiateurs culturels sur le traumatisme, nous présentons les analyses issues d’un travail de recherche de douze mois auprès d’ONG travaillant à Athènes, en Grèce, avec des réfugiés victimes de torture. Nos analyses se centrent sur la manière dont les réfugiés victimes de torture vivent et qualifient leur traumatisme ; la construction des représentations, des pratiques et des normes concernant les troubles mentaux dans l’interaction avec les professionnels de santé ; et la façon dont divers acteurs se représentent, comprennent et utilisent une construction diagnostique telle que le SSPT. Notre recherche souligne la nécessité d’une compréhension plus nuancée et contextualisée du traumatisme, comme étant influencée de façon déterminante par des systèmes culturels et des contextes sociaux, économiques et historiques plus vastes.
Le Modèle Amplifié d’Acculturation Relative (MAAR). État des lieux et perspectives de recherche
Authors: Velandia-Coustol Carlos-Roberto , Navas-Luque Marisol , Rojas-Tejada Antonio-José 
Published: April 2019

Le but de cet article est de présenter le Modèle Amplifié d’Acculturation Relative (MAAR). Prenant comme point de départ le modèle de l’acculturation de Berry (1990, 2005 et 2011), le MAAR est le résultat de plus de dix ans de recherche sur le processus d’acculturation. Il propose une analyse détaillée des relations interculturelles. Les avancées majeures du MAAR peuvent se résumer en deux points : la prise en compte des différences entre le plan idéal et le plan réel ; et l’opérationnalisation et la mesure de huit domaines sur lesquels les deux communautés (les migrants et la communauté d’accueil) ont des perceptions, des préférences et des comportements d’acculturation différents. L’article se termine par la présentation de quelques études récentes sur le sujet et une conclusion axée sur les progrès proposés par le MAAR pour une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique des relations intergroupes dans le contexte de l’acculturation.
El Modelo Ampliado de Aculturación Relativa (MAAR). Balance y perspectivas de investigación
Authors: Velandia-Coustol Carlos-Roberto , Navas-Luque Marisol , Rojas-Tejada Antonio-José 
Published: April 2019

Le but de cet article est de présenter le Modèle Amplifié d’Acculturation Relative (MAAR). Prenant comme point de départ le modèle de l’acculturation de Berry (1990, 2005 et 2011), le MAAR est le résultat de plus de dix ans de recherche sur le processus d’acculturation. Il propose une analyse détaillée des relations interculturelles. Les avancées majeures du MAAR peuvent se résumer en deux points : la prise en compte des différences entre le plan idéal et le plan réel ; et l’opérationnalisation et la mesure de huit domaines sur lesquels les deux communautés (les migrants et la communauté d’accueil) ont des perceptions, des préférences et des comportements d’acculturation différents. L’article se termine par la présentation de quelques études récentes sur le sujet et une conclusion axée sur les progrès proposés par le MAAR pour une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique des relations intergroupes dans le contexte de l’acculturation.
Women’s experiences of perceived traumatic vaginal birth in Australian maternity settings
Authors: Yates Arimaya , Jones Linda Katherine , Jackson Merv 
Published: April 2019

Objective: Before the beginning of medicalisation in Australia during the 1950s, childbirth was the sole domain of women. Contemporary birthing practices have posed a more medicalised technological environment on women resulting in both good and bad outcomes. In recent surveys, 45.5% of Australian women reported experiencing birth as traumatic; with nearly 20% experiencing postnatal depression. While there have been some studies on women’s trauma experiencing a caesarean section, minimal research has been completed into perceived traumatic experiences related to normal vaginal births.Methods: This study utilized a qualitative methodology to explore psychological and emotional impact of women’s experiences with perceived traumatic normal births. The research used an in-depth semi-structured interview and analysed the data within the phenomenological paradigm. The data analysis revealed nine themes: I was determined to birth naturally; Not telling me what they were doing; I just had to force her to be born; it was really horrific; I know that is just what the system is like. . . they’re hospital midwives. . . they’re medical; I didn’t feel connected to them; She stood up for me; After the birth, just horrible; I deserve a better birth.Results: Although the rates are unclear, these findings highlight that some women suffer trauma from their experience of a normal vaginal birth. The perceived causes include: midwives not always being with women and supporting physiological childbirth; women not being fully informed; power asymmetries and hegemony inside the birthing room; and a fetocentric model of care that left women feeling disrespected, disempowered and objectified.Conclusions: The findings indicate a need for midwives to truly be with women and provide continuity of care, as well as supporting the physiological process of childbirth, medical and midwifery professional education on trauma awareness following birth, a rethinking of antenatal education programs to include coping strategies and greater midwifery support in the hospital post-natal stay.
The futility of continued surveillance of epididymal cysts – A study of the prevalence and clinico-demographics in pre- vs. post-pubertal boys
Authors: O'Kelly Fardod , McAlpine Kristen , Abdeen Nishard , Keays Melise A. , Guerra Luis A. , Leonard Michael P. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The first description of epididymal cysts in children appears from a 1976 case study. Since then, there have been a total of 24 indexed publications relating to pediatric epididymal cysts. Risk factors that may exist for children presenting with epididymal cyst remain unknown, as has the best method of management. And there have not been any studies looking at the cost implications of this diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, clinico-demographics, outcomes, and costs of epididymal cysts in pre-pubertal boys compared with a post-pubertal epididymal cyst cohort, and to assess whether this cohort requires continued surveillance.
Methods: Our institutional ultrasound (US) database was searched for all scrotal US. From these, a filtered, institution review board-approved search was performed for any reports containing the word “cyst.” These were then cross-referenced with a retrospective chart review (October 2006 to September 2017). Clinico-demographics, cyst characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed for both pre- and post-pubertal boys using descriptive and non-parametric statistical methods.
Results: Of 4508 boys undergoing scrotal US during the study period, 191 were indicated to contain cysts. This was manually reduced to 109 scans (2.4%) that met inclusion criteria (85 pre-pubertal; 24 post-pubertal). Thirty-one scans were ordered by urology, including all those with abnormal testicular echotexture (n=5). The average age of the post-pubertal cohort was 15.8 years, compared with 3.8 years in the pre-pubertal cohort. Most (70.5%) epididymal cysts were incidental. There was no difference between the pre- and post-pubertal cohorts in terms of presence of hydrocoeles (p=0.9), symptoms (p=0.9), ordering service (p=0.61), rate of resolution (4.2% vs. 8.2%; p=0.68), or length of followup (4 vs. 4.5 years; p=0.44). Pre-pubertal cysts were significantly smaller in size (3.35 vs. 14.52 mm; p=0.025) and more likely to trigger repeat scanning (67 vs. 10; p=0.008). There were no operative interventions and no subsequent clinical deterioration occurred with observation. At a cost of $71.10 CAD per US, $15 002.10 CAD was expended on epididymal cyst surveillance in direct cost to the healthcare system.
Conclusions: Epididymal cysts are comparable in both pre- and post-pubertal boys and can be safely managed non-operatively without the use of continued US surveillance or urological referral. The higher than expected rate of detection may be a result of the improved ultra-resolution of modern scanners. These children should not require continued followup with repeat surveillance imaging solely for epididymal cysts and could be managed in the primary care setting as part of routine clinical examination
Assessing gender trends in Canadian urology
Authors: Stringer Leandra , Morris Heather , Gan Ailsa May Li , Sener Alp 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The number of female medical students and physicians entering the workforce is increasing. Despite this trend, some surgical specialties are still considered male-dominant. Urology has a significant male predominance in both residency and independent practice. This male predominance could have an impact on the physician work force, mentorship opportunities for females pursuing surgery, and on medical student attraction to urology as a specialty. Research conducted in the U.S. has shown that although fewer females enter the field of urology, acceptance rates between the two genders are similar. This study aims to identify if a trend towards gender-specific acceptance into urology residency exists within Canada. We also seek to identify if gender trends in acceptance to urology differ from other surgical specialties in Canada and assess the current workforce trends in Canadian urological practice.
Methods: Canadian Residency Matching Services (CARMS) data from the previous 10 years was analyzed. This data was accessed from the CARMS website.1 Logistic regression analyses were used to assess if any significant difference exists between the rates of female and male applicant acceptance into urology. These rates were then compared to the rates of female and male acceptance into surgical residency as a whole and to specific surgical specialties, such as general surgery, orthopedics, and otolaryngology.
Results: Within urology applicants, there is no evidence that the success rate over time between males and females differs (p=0.47). Within surgical residency applicants, there is no evidence that the success rate over time differs between male and female applicants (p=0.84). In comparing these two rates, there is also no significant difference between rates of acceptance to urology vs. surgery in general for female applicants (p=0.45). General surgery has a higher growth of females entering into the specialty compared to urology (p=0.026). Conversely, otolaryngology (p=0.123) and orthopedics (p=0.163) did not show a significant difference in the rates of female acceptance as compared to males over time. Our small sample size of 451 applicants over the 10-year time span (122 female, 329 male) could represent a limitation, however, we did ensure to analyze a 10-year sample to attempt to get an accurate representation of any trends.
Conclusions: Our data identifies that there is no significant trend toward male acceptance into urology over female applicants. There is no significant difference related to female acceptance specifically into urology or any difference between rates of females accepted into urology as compared to all other surgical subspecialties combined.
Management algorithms for metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Malone Shawn , Shayegan Bobby , Basappa Naveen S. , Chi Kim , Conter Henry J. , Hamilton Robert J. , Hotte Sebastien J. , Saad Fred , So Alan , Park-Wyllie Laura , Hew Huong , McLeod Deanna , Gotto Geoffrey 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Prostate cancer poses a significant lifetime risk to Canadian men. Treatment for metastatic prostatic cancer (mPCa) is an area of ongoing research with a lack of up-to-date clinical guidance. The multidisciplinary Canadian Genitourinary Research Consortium (GURC) determined that additional guidance focusing on management of mPCa was warranted.
Methods: The most up-to-date guidelines, consensus statements, and emerging phase 3 trials were identified and used to inform development of algorithms by a multidisciplinary genitourinary oncology panel outlining recommendations for the management of mPCa.
Results: A single pan-Canadian guideline and five national and international guidelines or consensus statements published since 2015 were identified, along with two new phase 3 trials and one additional randomized comparison. Iterative GURC discussions led to the development of two mPCa algorithms: the first addressing management of newly diagnosed metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) patients and the second addressing treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). For newly diagnosed mCSPC patients with high-volume/high-risk disease, either docetaxel or abiraterone acetate and prednisone (AAP) added to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is recommended. The addition of radiotherapy to ADT is suggested for those with low-volume disease and/or AAP to ADT for low-volume or low-risk disease. For first-line mCRPC, androgen receptor-axis-targeted (ARAT) therapy is recommended for most patients, while sequencing with docetaxel, radium-223, ARAT therapy, and/or cabazitaxel is recommended for later lines of therapy.
Conclusions: Two treatment algorithms were developed for the management of mPC and can be used by multidisciplinary specialist teams to guide treatment.
Characterization and outcomes of urethroplasty for hypospadias-associated urethral strictures in adults
Authors: Saavedra Alvaro A. , Rourke Keith F. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Urethral stricture is one of the most commonly encountered complications after hypospadias repair but remains poorly described. The aim of this study is to better characterize hypospadias-associated urethral strictures (HAUS) and treatment outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 84 patients who underwent urethroplasty (UP) for HAUS from 2003–2017. Patients were characterized with regard to demographics, stricture length, location, concurrent pathology, previous surgery, type of urethroplasty, 90-day complications, and surgical success defined as the absence of stricture on cystoscopy. Univariate and survival multivariate analysis was performed.
Results: Overall success was 88.1% at a mean followup of 19 months, with a 90-day complication rate of 9.5%, a 21.4% rate of urethrocutaneous fistula requiring a mean of 1.4 surgeries. Patients were categorized into one of four groups based on stricture length, location, and number of previous procedures: group 1 (66.7%) – previous failed hypospadias repair (HR) with stricture involving the entire repair; group 2 (7.1%) – “junctional stricture” at the junction of the “neourethra” and native urethra; group 3 (11.9%) – isolated bulbar stricture outside the repaired urethra; group 4 (14.3%) – urethral stricture in untreated hypospadias. Despite differing by technique (p<0.0001), stricture length (p=0.02), location (p<0.001), and number of previous repairs (p<0.001), groups did not significantly differ by success (p=0.82), complications (p=0.16), or urethrocutaneous fistula (p=0.19), whereas individual techniques did.
Conclusions: UP for HAUS is often successful but patients frequently require more than one operation and have a significant risk of associated complications. Despite a broad spectrum of presentation, patients can often be categorized into one of four groups, which can help direct decision-making and obtain similar outcomes regardless of baseline differences.