bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit Function Theorem. Part I
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Futa Yuichi , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: March 2018

Summary
In this article, we formalize in Mizar [1], [3] the existence and uniqueness part of the implicit function theorem. In the first section, some composition properties of Lipschitz continuous linear function are discussed. In the second section, a definition of closed ball and theorems of several properties of open and closed sets in Banach space are described. In the last section, we formalized the existence and uniqueness of continuous implicit function in Banach space using Banach fixed point theorem. We referred to [7], [8], and [2] in this formalization.
Tarski Geometry Axioms. Part III
Authors: Coghetto Roland , Grabowski Adam 
Published: March 2018

Summary
In the article, we continue the formalization of the work devoted to Tarski’s geometry - the book “Metamathematische Methoden in der Geometrie” by W. Schwabhäuser, W. Szmielew, and A. Tarski. After we prepared some introductory formal framework in our two previous Mizar articles, we focus on the regular translation of underlying items faithfully following the abovementioned book (our encoding covers first seven chapters). Our development utilizes also other formalization efforts of the same topic, e.g. Isabelle/HOL by Makarios, Metamath or even proof objects obtained directly from Prover9. In addition, using the native Mizar constructions (cluster registrations) the propositions (“Satz”) are reformulated under weaker conditions, i.e. by using fewer axioms or by proposing an alternative version that uses just another axioms (ex. Satz 2.1 or Satz 2.2).
Methods for Human Dehydration Measurement
Authors: Trenz Florian , Weigel Robert , Hagelauer Amelie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this article is to give a broad overview of current methods for the identification and quantification of the human dehydration level. Starting off from most common clinical setups, including vital parameters and general patients’ appearance, more quantifiable results from chemical laboratory and electromagnetic measurement methods will be reviewed. Different analysis methods throughout the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from direct current (DC) conductivity measurements up to neutron activation analysis (NAA), are discussed on the base of published results. Finally, promising technologies, which allow for an integration of a dehydration assessment system in a compact and portable way, will be spotted.
Germanium Plasmon Enhanced Resonators for Label-Free Terahertz Protein Sensing
Authors: Bettenhausen Maximilian , Römer Friedhard , Witzigmann Bernd , Flesch Julia , Kurre Rainer , Korneev Sergej , Piehler Jacob , You Changjiang , Kazmierczak Marcin , Guha Subhajit , Capellini Giovanni , Schröder Thomas 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A Terahertz protein sensing concept based on subwavelength Ge resonators is presented. Ge bowtie resonators, compatible with CMOS fabrication technology, have been designed and characterized with a resonance frequency of 0.5 THz and calculated local intensity enhancement of 10.000. Selective biofunctionalization of Ge resonators on Si wafer was achieved in one step using lipoic acid-HaloTag ligand (LA-HTL) for biofunctionalization and passivation. The results lay the foundation for future investigation of protein tertiary structure and the dynamics of protein hydration shell in response to protein conformation changes.
Towards Breath Gas Analysis Based on Millimeter-Wave Molecular Spectroscopy
Authors: Rothbart Nick , Hübers Heinz-Wilhelm , Schmalz Klaus , Borngräber Johannes , Kissinger Dietmar 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Breath gas analysis is a promising non-invasive tool for medical diagnosis as there are thousands of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in human breath that can be used as health monitoring markers. Millimeter-wave/terahertz molecular spectroscopy is highly suitable for breath gas analysis due to unique fingerprint spectra of many VOCs in that frequency range. We present our recent work on sensor systems for gas spectroscopy based on integrated transmitters (TX) and receivers (RX) fabricated in IHP’s 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. For a single-band system, spectroscopic measurements and beam profiles are presented. The frequency is tuned by direct voltage-frequency tuning and by a fractional-n PLL, respectively. The spectroscopic system includes a folded gas absorption cell with gas pre-concentration abilities demonstrating the detection of a 50 ppm mixture of ethanol in ambient air corresponding to a minimum detectable concentration of 260 ppb. Finally, the design of a 3-band system covering frequencies from 225 to 273 GHz is introduced.
Certain commutativity criteria for rings with involution involving generalized derivations
Authors: Nejjar Badr , Kacha Ali , Mamouni Abdellah , Oukhtite Lahcen 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In this article we investigate some commutativity criteria for a ring with involution

(
R
,
∗

{(R,\ast}

) in which generalized derivations satisfy certain algebraic identities. Moreover, we provide examples to show that the assumed restriction cannot be relaxed.
Spherical posets from commuting elements
Authors: Okay Cihan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we study the homotopy type of the partially ordered set of left cosets of abelian subgroups in an extraspecial p-group. We prove that the universal cover of its nerve is homotopy equivalent to a wedge of r-spheres where

2
⁢
r

≥
4

{2r\geq 4}

is the rank of its Frattini quotient. This determines the homotopy type of the universal cover of the classifying space of transitionally commutative bundles as introduced in [2].
On an inverse spectral problem for one integro-differential operator of fractional order
Authors: Ignatiev Mikhail 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
An inverse spectral problem for some integro-differential operator of fractional order

α
∈

(
1
,
2
)

{\alpha\in(1,2)}

is studied. We show that the specification of the spectrum together with a certain a priori information about the structure of the operator determines such operator uniquely. The proof is constructive and provides a procedure for solving the inverse problem.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a Diagnostic Marker in Egyptian Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Females: Correlations with Vitamin D, Total Testosterone, Dyslipidemia and Anthropometric Parameters
Authors: Bakeer Engy , Radwan Rasha , El Mandoury Ahmed , El Rahman Abdullah Abd , Gad Mohamed , El Maksoud Sahar Abd 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackground:Recent studies have highlighted the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in numerous ovarian disorders. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major causes of infertility in Egypt. Several reports have linked PCOS with vitamin D deficiency. This investigation illustrates the possibility of using serum AMH for PCOS diagnosis in infertile Egyptian females, determines the variables affecting it and correlates it with serum 25(OH)D, testosterone, dyslipidemia and anthropometric parameters.Methods:All parameters were assessed either with ELISA or colorimetrically in 53 infertile PCOS women and 17 age matched apparently healthy controls diagnosed according to Rotterdam consensus.Results:Serum AMH, total testosterone, triacylglycerol (TG) levels and BMI were significantly higher in PCOS group compared to healthy controls (p=0.0239, p=0.0381, p=0.0457, and p=0.0067, respectively), while serum 25(OH)D levels and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower (p=0.0397 and p=0.0443, respectively). No significant correlation existed between AMH and 25(OH) D, BMI and dyslipidemia markers. AMH was found to have a significant negative correlation with age and a highly significant positive one with total testosterone in PCOS group (r=-0.303, p=0.027 and r=0.370, p=0.008, respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve of AMH, the cut-off value was 42.63 pmol/L with a specificity of 59% and a sensitivity of 82%. Multivariate regression analysis showed total testosterone to be the only determinant for AMH (β=0.381 and p=0.038).Conclusions:There should be a future trend of using AMH as a diagnostic marker for PCOS in Egyptian females. The variation in serum AMH levels is determined by total testosterone.
Platelet-rich plasma protects HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced injury
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Jinsong , Li Yonghui , Wang Shenming , Zhu Xiaonan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains a variety of cytokines, some of which ameliorate oX-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein)-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury. Therefore, we hypothesized that PRP might alleviate oX-LDL-induced injury.

Methodology
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were divided into four groups: a PPP (platelet-poor plasma) group, an oX-LDL group, an oX-LDL+PRP group and a PRP group. CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit) assay, Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD and Hochest 33342 staining were performed to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. Tube formation and cell migration assays were performed to evaluate HUVEC-mediated vasculogenesis and migration. Expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, PI3K, Akt, eNOS p-Akt, p-eNOS, IL-6 and IL-1 were detected by western blotting or immunofluorescence.

Principal findings
PRP promoted HUVEC proliferation in a non-linear pattern, protected HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced apoptosis and attenuated oX-LDL-mediated inhibition of HUVEC migration and vasculogenesis. Additionally, compared to the PPP group, PRP downregulated pro-apoptotic proteins (ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3) as well as IL-6 and IL-1. Moreover, the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway was activated by PRP and inactivated by oX-LDL.

Conclusions
It was demonstrated that PRP protected HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced injury and that the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway was activated in this process.
Small-cell lung cancer presenting as fatal pulmonary hemorrhage
Authors: Lim Jun Hyeok , Ryu Jeong-Seon , Cho Sang Yong , Kim Hyun-Jung , Jeon Sang Hoon , Kim Jung Soo , Nam Hae-Seong , Cho Jae Hwa , Kwak Seung Min , Lee Hong Lyeol 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a lung cancer histological subtype unusual in its favorable response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Life-threatening manifestations at presentation are rarely reported and should be an important clinical concern. We report a case of a 63-year-old man presenting with rapid-onset refractory severe thrombocytopenia, development of massive hemoptysis, and death from respiratory failure. This case provides clinicians a reference for this unusual presentation and carries clinical implications for managing SCLC patients.
Aesthetic dental procedures: legal and medico-legal implications
Authors: Di Lorenzo Pierpaolo , Casella Claudia , Capasso Emanuele , Delbon Paola , Fedeli Piergiorgio , Policino Fabio , Niola Massimo 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Dental treatments, as well as simple anatomical and functional repair work, can also be for aesthetic purposes. This is because the anatomical area concerned, i.e. the oral cavity, has a great power of attraction. Aesthetic treatments in general – in particular dental treatments – have been on the rise in recent years, and this has also meant an increase in claims due to patient dissatisfaction with the results obtained. Numerous laws have been introduced that emphasise the need for comprehensive prior information in order to acquire valid consent. This has resulted in the elimination of the distinction between the obligation of means and obligation of result, with achievement of the normally expected result required in any case.
Translingual strategies as consumer design: A case study of multilingual linguistic landscapes of urban China
Authors: Song Yang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTaking a photo-studio brand namedNaive Blue(天真蓝) as a case study, this article seeks to contribute to the understanding of translingual practices as stylistic strategies for commercial purposes in the era of globalization. Sociolinguistic analysis of the brand logo, shop signs and social media promotional practices shows that translingual practices have been mobilized as generative and interactive strategies of consumer design. First, translingual strategies help construct a discursive world not available in monolingual uses of either English or Chinese and position the brand’s target consumers as self-assertive, individualistic, and sharing a taste of distinction. Second, translingual strategies are embodied and metalinguistically conscious practices (expected to be) shared by both the brand’s social-media content manager and his interactants and followers in general. The findings also suggest that translingual practices are part of an emergent register indexing an emergent social class that is tentatively labeled ‘young urban elites’ in contemporary China.
At the Origins of Welfare State? Social Expenses in the Budgetary Policy in the Second Polish Republic
Authors: Grata Paweł 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In the period of the Second Polish Republic, social policy became an important field of activity for public authorities. It was distinguished by a high level of awareness of the prevalent social problems, progressive legislation, and advanced management. The only missing element was sufficient financing. In the budgetary policy of the Second Polish Republic, social expenses were of minor importance. For the most part of the period, they amounted to approximately 3% of all expenses. The Ministry of Social Care was underfunded, which was evident in nearly every aspect of its activity. Hence, if one wonders if the origins of the Polish welfare state can be traced back to the Second Polish Republic, the answer must be “no”. Although extra funds (spent on tackling unemployment, pensions, or disability benefits) were found outside of the ministerial budget, the arguments presented in this article only confirm the hypothesis presented above.
American Investment Banking in the Context of Great Economic Crises
Authors: Hempel Dominika 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers had a strong impact on the whole financial system and started the worst recession since the Great Depression. However, it was not the first crisis in the history of the USA. The purpose of this article is to present the history of investment banking during the main crises in the US history and their impact on the American economy. The article presents the following: a definition of investment banking, theoretical aspects of crises, changes in banking system regulations, and the history of the most important American investment banks, including the infamous Lehman Brothers.
The “Gryfice Scandal” In Poznań — Dealing with Abuses Committed in the Process of Establishing Cooperative Farms in the Poznań Region
Authors: Jankowiak Stanisław 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Several years after the war, a revolution started in the Polish agriculture - even though until 1948, the authorities claimed that farms in Poland would not be collectivized. The new stage meant that things accelerated quickly. Central party authorities determined the number of cooperatives to be established per year in a top-down manner. The Poznań region was considered particularly opposed to the system, hence the pressure to establish cooperative farms was particularly intense. The quick pace of the operation and accountability of the party officials for its results meant that they often resorted to prohibited methods of forcing resistant individuals to enter into cooperatives. Though party guidelines emphasized that the process was voluntary, and formally banned any form of pressure, various forms of power abuse were tolerated in practice. Only when the situation rapidly escalated into scandals, the authorities stigmatized the illegal methods. However, after a while, the situation returned to normal, and the anomalies reoccurred. The problem was that the principles of the operation were flawed. One of the party activists claimed that establishing cooperatives according to the guidelines would have taken 200 years to complete. Farmers had to be coerced, otherwise they would never have joined cooperatives. Most cooperative farms established this way collapsed in 1956.
Application of DEA for Evaluating the Efficiency of Economic Policy as Exemplified by EU Agriculture
Authors: Błażejczyk-Majka Lucyna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe article presents how DEA is used to develop agricultural production efficiency rankings in the EU member states, which can be used as the starting point for evaluating the performance of currently used instruments of economic policy. In the article, statistical data from the FADN were used. Agricultural production was compared for three types of output and four types of input involved. The performed study demonstrated that in 18 out of 28 states, agricultural production had been run efficiently on a macro level. The applied approach also allowed for identifying the causes of inefficiency in the remaining ten states, providing indications for recommended changes in in the way economic instruments are used.
Sanktionen, Reziprozität und die symbolische Konstruktion einer Kooperations-„Gemeinschaft“
Authors: Esser Hartmut 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Experiment von Fehr und Gächter von 1999 zu Effekten der Bestrafung auf die Bereitstellung von Kollektivgütern ist ein weithin beachteter Beitrag einer um soziale Motive erweiterten Rational Choice Theorie (RCT). Weite Teile nicht nur der Soziologie halten die Anwendung der RCT jedoch für unangemessen, auch weil damit der Einfluss von mit „Bedeutung“ versehenen Symbolen auf die Konstitution sozialer Prozesse nicht zu erfassen sei. Der Beitrag untersucht die Reichweite der um Motive der Reziprozität erweiterten RCT mit dem Modell der Frame-Selektion (MFS), das in seinem Kern Effekte der „Definition der Situation“ über Symbole enthält. Das Ergebnis ist, dass die meisten Befunde aus dem Experiment gut über beide Ansätze zu rekonstruieren sind, es aber an einer zentralen Stelle zu einem Widerspruch kommt. Bei einem unabhängigen empirischen Test bestätigen sich die Hypothesen des MFS. Der Befund bedeutet die Zurückweisung einer Kerndoktrin der RCT: Die Annahme, dass Vorgänge der „Definition der Situation“ nichts weiter seien als „cheap talk“ oder durch eine nochmalige Erweiterung der RCT um Effekte des „Sinns“ von Symbolen aufzufangen wären.
Antibacterial secotirucallane triterpenes from the stem bark of Pseudocedrela kotschyi
Authors: Mambou Christèle Sorèle , Nono Raymond Ngansop , Chouna Jean Rodolphe , Tamokou Jean-de-Dieu , Nkeng-Efouet-Alango Pépin , Sewald Norbert 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The antibacterial-guided investigation of the stem bark extract of Pseudocedrela kotschyi led to the isolation of a new secotirucallane triterpene derivative: 4-hydroxy-3,4-secotirucalla-7,24-dien-3,21-dioic acid (1), together with the known one: 3,4-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic acid (2) and 3-methyl ester 3,4-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic (3). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Extracts, fractions and compounds (1–3) were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity against two Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923), and two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli S2(1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The MeOH extract and the Hex/CH2Cl2 (70:30) fraction showed significant levels of activity (MIC=64– 256 μg/mL) compared with the two reference drugs [ciprofloxacin: MIC (0.5–1 μg/mL) and amoxicillin: MIC (1–128 μg/mL)]. Moreover, the compound 2 isolated from this Hex/CH2Cl2 (70:30) fraction had the greatest potential value against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 4–16 μg/mL.
Verse Visa
Authors: Tucker Herbert F. 
Published: March 2018

Herbert F. Tucker, “Verse Visa: Dickens Adapts Poetry in The Old Curiosity Shop” (pp. 433–451)
In Charles Dickens’s The Old Curiosity Shop (1841), Dick Swiveller’s hilariously eclectic misquotation of popular verse coexists with Dickens’s own grave proclivity to fall into unlineated yet incantatory blank verse when orchestrating the death of Little Nell. These complementary prose effects freshly showcase the novelist’s joint commitments to humorous and pathetic renditions of the modern condition. They also underscore the coalescence of the novel as such, circa 1840, out of a miscellany of barely compatible ingredients, as the still-burgeoning genre sought to displace, whether by sidelining or by incorporation, poetry’s millennial prestige.
A rare case of hypercalcemia-induced pancreatitis in a first trimester pregnant woman
Authors: Richa Carine Ghassan , Saad Khadija Jamal , Chaaban Ali Khaled , El Rawas Mohamad Souheil 
Published: March 2018

Summary
The objective of the study is to report a case of acute pancreatitis secondary to hypercalcemia induced by primary hyperparathyroidism in a pregnant woman at the end of the first trimester. The case included a 32-year-old woman who was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and severe hypercalcemia refractory to many regimens of medical therapy in the first trimester of pregnancy. She was successfully treated with parathyroidectomy in the early second trimester with complete resolution of hypercalcemia and pancreatitis. Neonatal course was unremarkable. To our best knowledge, this is a rare case when primary hyperparathyroidism and its complications are diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy. In conclusion, primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare life-threatening condition to the fetus and mother especially when associated with complications such as pancreatitis. Early therapeutic intervention is important to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Parathyroidectomy performed in the second trimester can be the only solution.

Learning points:

Learning how to make diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism in a woman during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Understanding the complications of hypercalcemia and be aware of the high mortality and sequelae in both fetus and mother.

Providing the adequate treatment in such complicated cases with coordinated care between endocrinologists and obstetricians to ensure optimal outcomes.