bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World workshop on oral medicine VII: Direct anticoagulant agents management for invasive oral procedures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Manfredi Maddalena , Dave Bella , Percudani Daniela , Christoforou Janina , Karasneh Jumana , Diz Dios Pedro , Glick Michael , Kumar Navdeep , Lockhart Peter B. , Patton Lauren L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the current literature regarding the importance of discontinuing or not discontinuing direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) before invasive oral procedures, and to establish the frequency and type of postoperative bleeding events in patients.Material and MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up until November 5, 2018. Selection of the studies, extraction of data, qualitative, and bias assessment was performed independently by two authors.ResultsTwenty‐one studies were included. No randomized controlled studies were identified. Six studies reported a direct comparison between patients taking DOACs and those who discontinued DOACs. The meta‐analysis of these studies resulted in an OR of 0.92 (95% CI = 0.37–2.27, I2 = 9%) for postoperative bleeding events for patients taking DOACs. We found that 59/497 (11.8%) postoperative bleeding events occurred in patients who continued DOACs, while 27/200 (13.5%) events were reported for patients who discontinued treatment. All postoperative bleeding events were controlled with local measures.ConclusionResults from the included studies did not discern any important differences in postoperative bleeding events in patients who continued versus patients who discontinued DOACs. Furthermore, no thromboembolic events were recorded. However, the low quality of the studies must be considered.
World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Prognostic biomarkers in oral leukoplakia: A systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Villa Alessandro , Celentano Antonio , Glurich Ingrid , Borgnakke Wenche S. , Jensen Siri Beier , Peterson Douglas E. , Delli Konstantina , Ojeda David , Vissink Arjan , Farah Camile S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the prognostic biomarker candidates for stratification and long‐term surveillance of oral leukoplakia progressing to cancer via a systematic literature review.Materials and MethodsSystematic searches with no date restrictions were conducted on March 29, 2018, targeting the databases PubMed (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), EBM (Ovid), and Web of Science (ISI). Bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Biomarkers were stratified based on hallmarks of cancer.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 25 of 3,415 studies. A range of biomarkers were evaluated experimentally for risk stratification, prognosis, and surveillance of oral leukoplakia in tissue, blood, and saliva. However, the studies were highly heterogeneous and require further validation. Biomarkers reported in these studies included inflammatory or oxidative markers, growth factors, ion channels, genetic and cellular regulatory factors, and epigenetic biomarkers. Studies tended to include small sample sizes, under‐reported or variably reported histopathological data, did not address potential confounding, reported limited/variable follow‐up data, or lacked a control group. Inclusion of subsets from chemoprevention trials may have introduced bias regarding reported malignant transformation rates and accuracy of prognostic biomarkers.ConclusionsThis review identified insufficient longitudinal evidence to support validated prognostic biomarkers for oral leukoplakia. Further studies are needed to identify molecular targets with the potential to mitigate risk of malignant transformation.
Sjögren’s syndrome and ranula development
Authors: Sato Kazumichi , Yoshida Yoshifumi , Sakai Katsuhiko , Shibui Takeo , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Baba Akira , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe hypothesized that the extravasation of saliva from damaged ducts with lymphocytic infiltration in patients with Sjögren's syndrome causes ranulas. There are too many uncertainties to support this hypothesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between Sjögren's syndrome and ranulas.Materials and MethodsWe observed three cases of patients with ranulas who were also diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome at the same facility. These cases led to the question of whether there are other such cases, and thus, an exhaustive literature search was conducted.ResultsThree cases in two case reports of mucocele of the floor of the mouth associated with adult Sjögren's syndrome were noted. Including our cases, until now, there have been six cases of ranula with adult Sjögren's syndrome.ConclusionsIt could be useful to investigate whether patients presenting with a ranula are also affected by Sjögren's syndrome and, conversely, investigate patients with Sjögren's syndrome longitudinally to see whether they develop ranulas.
Global Luck Egalitarianism and Border Control
Authors: Angell Kim , Huseby Robert 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper discusses what implications global luck egalitarianism (GLE) has for border control. Some authors suggest that an open‐borders policy follows from GLE. The idea is that various unchosen inequalities inevitably follow from differences in birthplace, such that GLE will always have principled reason to condemn closed borders. Others are skeptical of the assumption that GLE will have liberal implications for border control, because open borders may have other, adverse effects that outweigh the reductions in unjust inequality. Against such skeptics, we argue that GLE will (typically) have quite liberal implications for border control. However, this connection is not a principled one: Whether (and to what extent) GLE favors opening or closing borders will depend upon empirical circumstances.
The Frontiers of Uncertainty Estimation in Interdisciplinary Disaster Research and Practice
Authors: Nateghi Roshanak , Sutton Jeannette , Murray‐Tuite Pamela 
Published: May 2019

AbstractConceptualizing, assessing, and managing disaster risks involve collecting and synthesizing pluralistic information—from natural, built, and human systems—to characterize disaster impacts and guide policy on effective resilience investments. Disaster research and practice, therefore, are highly complex and inherently interdisciplinary endeavors. Characterizing the uncertainties involved in interdisciplinary disaster research is imperative, since misrepresenting uncertainty can lead to myopic decisions and suboptimal societal outcomes. Efficacious disaster mitigation should, therefore, explicitly address the uncertainties associated with all stages of hazard modeling, preparation, and response. However, uncertainty assessment and communication in the context of interdisciplinary disaster research remain understudied. In this “Perspective” article, we argue that in harnessing interdisciplinary methods and diverse data types in disaster research, careful deliberations on assessing Type III and Type IV errors are imperative. Additionally, we discuss the pathologies in frequentist approaches, calling for an increasing role for Bayesian methods in uncertainty estimations. Moreover, we discuss the potential tradeoffs associated with information and uncertainty, calling for deliberate consideration of the role of diversity of information prior to setting the scope in interdisciplinary modeling. Future research guided by further reflections on the ideas raised in this article could help push the frontiers of uncertainty estimation in interdisciplinary hazard research and practice.
Defining a novel subset of CD1d‐dependent type II natural killer T cells using natural killer cell‐associated markers
Authors: Singh Avadhesh Kumar , Rhost Sara , Löfbom Linda , Cardell Susanna L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNatural killer T (NKT) cells are αβ T cell receptor (TCR) expressing innate‐like T cells that display natural killer (NK) cell markers. Based on TCR characteristics, they are divided into two groups restricted to the MHC class I‐like molecule CD1d. Type I NKT cells, most extensively studied, are identified by a semi‐invariant Vα14‐Jα18 (mouse, Vα24‐Jα18 in humans) TCR reactive to the prototypic ligand α‐galactosylceramide presented on CD1d. In contrast, type II NKT cells display diverse TCR reacting to different CD1d‐presented ligands. There are no reagents that identify all type II NKT cells, limiting their exploration. Here, we searched for novel type II NKT cells by comparing Jα18−/−MHCII−/− mice that harbour type II but not type I NKT cells, and CD1d−/−MHCII−/− mice, lacking all NKT cells. We identified significantly larger populations of CD4+ and CD4−CD8− (double negative, DN) TCRβ+ cells expressing NKG2D or NKG2A/C/E in Jα18−/−MHCII−/− mice compared with CD1d−/−MHCII−/− mice, suggesting that 30%‐50% of these cells were type II NKT cells. They expressed CD122, NK1.1, CXCR3 and intermediate/low levels of CD45RB. Further, the CD4+ subset was CD69+, while the DN cells were CD49b+ and CD62L+. Both subsets expressed the NKT cell‐associated promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) transcription factor and Tbet, while fewer cells expressed RORγt. NKG2D+ CD4+ and DN populations were producers of IFN‐γ, but rarely IL‐4 and IL‐17. Taken together, we identify a novel subset of primary CD4+ and DN type II NKT cells that expresses NKG2 receptors have typical NKT cell phenotypes and a TH1‐like cytokine production.
The Role of Opioid Use in Distinguishing between Suicidal Ideation and Attempts
Authors: Anestis Michael D. , Tull Matthew T. , Butterworth Sarah E. , Richmond Julia R. , Houtsma Claire , Forbes Courtney N. , Gratz Kim L. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveOpioid use disorders are associated with heightened suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide death. This study aimed to examine the extent to which opioid differentiates between those with suicide attempts from those with lifetime suicidal ideation but no history of attempt.MethodsParticipants were drawn from the US National Guard and a residential substance use treatment facility. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to determine the extent to which a lifetime history of nonmedical opioid use differentiated between (1) individuals with no lifetime history of suicidal ideation or attempt, (2) individuals with a history of suicidal ideation but no attempt, and (3) individuals with a history of at least one suicide attempt.ResultsHistory of opioid use among National Guard personnel and opioid use disorders among substance‐dependent patients were associated with an increased likelihood of having at least one suicide attempt relative to both a history of suicidal ideation but no attempts and no history of ideation or attempts. Findings held when accounting for lifetime nonmedical use of other substances and the presence of other lifetime substance use disorders.ConclusionsResults highlight the importance of assessing for suicide risk among opioid users.
Perioperative complications and outcome after surgery for treatment of gastric carcinoma in dogs: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology retrospective study of 40 cases (2004–2018)
Authors: Abrams Brittany , Wavreille Vincent A. , Husbands Brian D. , Matz Brad M. , Massari Federico , Liptak Julius M. , Cray Megan T. , de Mello Souza Carlos Henrique , Wustefeld‐Janssens Brandan G. , Oblak Michelle L. , Su Lillian , Selmic Laura E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical characteristics, perioperative complications, and outcomes in dogs surgically treated for gastric carcinoma.Study designMulti‐institutional retrospective case series.AnimalsForty client‐owned dogs with histologically confirmed gastric carcinoma.MethodsMedical records were reviewed for preoperative diagnostics, surgery, histopathology, postoperative complications, adjuvant chemotherapy, disease progression, and survival. Variables were assessed for associations with outcome by using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.ResultsSurgical treatment included partial gastrectomy (28 dogs), Billroth I (9 dogs), subtotal gastrectomy (2 dogs), and submucosal resection (1 dog). Major postoperative complications occurred in 8 of 40 dogs, including septic peritonitis secondary to dehiscence in 4 dogs. The median progression free interval was 54 days, and the median survival time (MST) was 178 days (range, 1–1902). According to multivariable analysis results, experiencing an intraoperative complication was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] 3.5, 95% CI 1.1–9.8, P = .005), and administration of adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with an improved survival (HR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.9, P = .03).ConclusionIn this population of dogs, MST exceeded historically reported data, major postoperative complication rates were comparable to established literature, and administration of adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved survival.Clinical significanceResults from this study may be used to counsel owners more accurately regarding prognosis for dogs undergoing surgical excision for gastric carcinoma.
Clinical outcomes of 119 miniature‐ and toy‐breed dogs with 140 distal radial and ulnar fractures repaired with free‐form multiplanar type II external skeletal fixation
Authors: Aikawa Takeshi , Miyazaki Yuta , Saitoh Yuya , Sadahiro Shigeo , Nishimura Masaaki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo report the clinical outcomes of miniature‐ and toy‐breed dogs with primary and previously treated distal radial and ulnar fractures (RUF) treated with a free‐form multiplanar type II external skeletal fixation (ESF).Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsOne hundred nineteen dogs with 140 distal RUF.MethodsMedical records (2003–2017) were reviewed for dogs weighing up to 7 kg that had been treated for distal RUF with a free‐form multiplanar type II ESF. Data collected included signalment, fracture location and configuration, fracture reduction, intraoperative realignment, time to bone union and implant removal, duration of destabilization and postoperative splint, complications, and outcomes. Follow‐up consisted of clinical and radiographic evaluation or telephone interview.ResultsAll fractures healed, with a median time of 60 days, and entire ESF was removed, with a median time of 89 days. Major complications occurred in four fractures: premature pin loosening, elbow subluxation, osteomyelitis, and delayed union. Minor complications occurred in 52 fractures (61 events). All dogs had a successful return to normal limb function at final follow‐up (median, seven months; range, 2–97).ConclusionAll primary and previously treated distal RUF in miniature‐ and toy‐breed dogs healed and allowed return to normal function after fixation with a free‐form multiplanar type II ESF.Clinical significanceThe free‐form multiplanar type II ESF provides an alternative for minimally invasive fixation of distal RUF in miniature‐ and toy‐breed dogs that facilitates fracture reduction, intraoperative realignment, adequate initial fixation stability, destabilization, and implant removal.
Assessment of Elastic-Plastic Fracture Behavior of Cortical Bone Using a Small Punch Testing Technique
Authors: Singh Jagjit , Sharma N. K. , Sarker M. D. , Naghieh Saman , Sehgal Satbir S. , Chen Daniel X. B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe fracture properties of cortical bone are directly coupled to its complex hierarchical structure. The limited availability of bone material from many anatomic locations creates challenges for assessing the effect of bone heterogeneity and anisotropy on fracture properties. The small punch technique was employed to examine the fracture behavior of cortical bone in terms of area under the curve values obtained from load–load point displacement behavior. Fracture toughness of cortical bone was also determined in terms of J-toughness values obtained using a compact tension (CT) test. Area under the curve values obtained from the small punch test were correlated with the J-toughness values of cortical bone. The effects of bone density and compositional parameters on area under the curve and Jtoughness values were also analyzed using linear and multiple regression analysis. Area under the curve and J-toughness values are strongly and positively correlated. Bone density and %mineral content are positively correlated with both area under the curve and J-toughness values. The multiple regression analysis outcomes support these results. Overall, the findings support the hypothesis that area under the curve values obtained from small punch tests can be used to assess the fracture behavior of cortical bone.
Open-Source Routines for Building Personalized Left Ventricular Models From Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data
Authors: Phung Thien-Khoi N. , Waters Christopher D. , Holmes Jeffrey W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Creating patient-specific models of the heart is a promising approach for predicting outcomes in response to congenital malformations, injury, or disease, as well as an important tool for developing and customizing therapies. However, integrating multimodal imaging data to construct patient-specific models is a nontrivial task. Here, we propose an approach that employs a prolate spheroidal coordinate system to interpolate information from multiple imaging datasets and map those data onto a single geometric model of the left ventricle (LV). We demonstrate the mapping of the location and transmural extent of postinfarction scar segmented from late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as mechanical activation calculated from displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) MRI. As a supplement to this paper, we provide MATLAB and Python versions of the routines employed here for download from SimTK.
Variation of Axial Residual Strains Along the Course and Circumference of Human Aorta Considering Age and Gender
Authors: Sokolis Dimitrios P. , Bompas Andreas , Papadodima Stavroula A. , Kourkoulis Stavros K. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Our understanding of aortic biomechanics is customarily limited by lack of information on the axial residual stretches of the vessel in both humans and experimental animals that would facilitate the identification of its actual zero-stress state. The aim of this study was thus to acquire hitherto unreported quantitative knowledge of axial opening angle and residual stretches in different segments and quadrants of the human aorta according to age and gender. Twenty-three aortas were harvested during autopsy from the aortic root to the iliac bifurcation and were divided into ≥12 segments and 4 quadrants. Morphometric measurements were taken in the excised/curled configuration of rectangular strips considered to be under zero-stress using image-analysis software to study the axial/circumferential variation of axial opening angle, internal/external residual stretch, and thickness of the aortic wall. The measured data demonstrated: (1) an axial opening angle peak at the arch branches, decreasing toward the ascending and to a near-constant value in the descending thoracic aorta, and increasing in the abdominal aorta; (2) the variation of residual stretches resembled that of opening angle, but axial differences in external residual stretch were more prominent; (3) wall thickness showed a progressive diminution along the vessel; (4) the highest opening angle/residual stretches were found in the inner quadrant and the lowest in the outer quadrant; (5) the anterior was the thinnest quadrant throughout the aorta; (6) age caused thickening but greatly reduced axial opening angle/residual stretches, without differences between males and females.
Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis Reduce Medial Knee Contact Forces by Altering Trunk Kinematics, Progression Speed, and Stepping Strategy During Stair Ascent and Descent: A Pilot Study
Authors: Meireles Susana , Reeves Neil D. , Jones Richard K. , Smith Colin R. , Thelen Darryl G. , Jonkers Ilse 
Published: May 2019

Medial knee loading during stair negotiation in individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis has only been reported in terms of joint moments, which may underestimate the knee loading. This study assessed knee contact forces (KCF) and contact pressures during different stair negotiation strategies. Motion analysis was performed in 5 individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis (52.8 [11.0] y) and 8 healthy subjects (51.0 [13.4] y) while ascending and descending a staircase. KCF and contact pressures were calculated using a multibody knee model while performing step-over-step at controlled and self-selected speed, and step-by-step strategies. At controlled speed, individuals with osteoarthritis showed decreased peak KCF during stair ascent but not during stair descent. Osteoarthritis patients showed higher trunk rotations in frontal and sagittal planes than controls. At lower self-selected speed, patients also presented reduced medial KCF during stair descent. While performing step-by-step, medial contact pressures decreased in osteoarthritis patients during stair descent. Osteoarthritis patients reduced their speed and increased trunk flexion and lean angles to reduce KCF during stair ascent. These trunk changes were less safe during stair descent where a reduced speed was more effective. Individuals should be recommended to use step-over-step during stair ascent and step-by-step during stair descent to reduce medial KCF.
Effect of cervical manipulation on vertebral artery and cerebral haemodynamics in patients with chronic neck pain: a crossover randomised controlled trial
Authors: Moser Nicholas , Mior Silvano , Noseworthy Michael , Côté Pierre , Wells Greg , Behr Michael , Triano John 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveIt is hypothesised that cervical manipulation may increase the risk of cerebrovascular accidents. We aimed to determine whether cervical spine manipulation is associated with changes in vertebral artery and cerebrovascular haemodynamics measured with MRI compared with neutral neck position and maximum neck rotation in patients with chronic neck pain.SettingThe Imaging Research Centre at St. Joseph’s Hospital in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsTwenty patients were included. The mean age was 32 years (SD ±12.5), mean neck pain duration was 5.3 years (SD ±5.7) and mean neck disability index score was 13/50 (SD ±6.4).InterventionsFollowing baseline measurement of cerebrovascular haemodynamics, we randomised participants to: (1) maximal neck rotation followed by cervical manipulation or (2) cervical manipulation followed by maximal neck rotation. The primary outcome, vertebral arteries and cerebral haemodynamics, was measured after each intervention and was obtained by measuring three-dimensional T1-weighted high-resolution anatomical images, arterial spin labelling and phase-contrast flow encoded MRI. Our secondary outcome was functional connectivity within the default mode network measured with resting state functional MRI.ResultsCompared with neutral neck position, we found a significant change in contralateral blood flow following maximal neck rotation. There was also a significant change in contralateral vertebral artery blood velocity following maximal neck rotation and cervical manipulation. We found no significant changes within the cerebral haemodynamics following cervical manipulation or maximal neck rotation. However, we observed significant increases in functional connectivity in the posterior cerebrum and cerebellum (resting state MRI) after manipulation and maximum rotation.ConclusionOur results are in accordance with previous work, which has shown a decrease in blood flow and velocity in the contralateral vertebral artery with head rotation. This may explain why we also observed a decrease in blood velocity with manipulation because it involves neck rotation. Our work is the first to show that cervical manipulation does not result in brain perfusion changes compared with a neutral neck position or maximal neck rotation. The changes observed were found to not be clinically meaningful and suggests that cervical manipulation may not increase the risk of cerebrovascular events through a haemodynamic mechanism.Trial registration numberNCT02667821