bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B-cell responses in allergen immunotherapy
Authors: Satitsuksanoa Pattraporn , van de Veen Willem , Akdis Mübeccel 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of review
The establishment of long-term clinical tolerance in AIT requires the involvement of basophils, mast cells, allergen-specific regulatory T and B cells, downregulation of effector type 2 responses, and increase in production of specific IgG, particularly immunglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibodies. This review aims to provide an overview of the role of B cells in AIT, their mechanism of action, and their potential for improving AIT.

Recent findings
In-depth research of B cells has paved the way for improved diagnosis and research on allergic diseases. B cells play a central role in allergy and allergen tolerance through the production of immunglobulin E (IgE)-blocking antibodies. However, an increasing body of evidence has emerged supporting a role for B cells in regulating immune responses that extends beyond the production of antibodies. Regulatory B cells play an important role in immunosuppression, mediated by secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Summary
Successful AIT establishes the reinstatement of immune tolerance toward allergens, reduces allergic symptoms, and improves clinical treatments in patients. B cells play a central role in this process through antibody-independent immune regulatory processes in addition to the production of IgE-blocking antibodies.
Sedative/Tranquilizer Misuse is Associated With Alcohol and Illicit Drug Problems, Mental Health Issues, and Impulsivity and Compulsivity in University Students
Authors: Grant Jon E. , Lust Katherine , Chamberlain Samuel R. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
This study examined the prevalence of sedative/tranquilizer misuse among university students and its associations with psychosocial correlates.

Methods:
Nine thousand four hundred forty-nine students received a 156-item anonymous online survey, which assessed the use of prescription sedative/tranquilizer (ever or past year), alcohol and drug use, mental health issues, and impulsive and compulsive traits. Sedative/tranquilizer misuse was defined as intake of these prescription drugs by individuals who had not been prescribed them.

Results:
Three thousand five hundred twenty-five university students (57.7% women) responded to the survey. The prevalence of past 12-month prescription sedative/tranquilizer misuse was 2.1%, with 2.8% reporting having used more than 12 months ago. Prescription sedative/tranquilizer misuse was associated with the use of multiple other drugs (eg, alcohol, opiates each P < 0.001). Those who misuse sedative/tranquilizers were significantly more likely to have mental health histories (P < 0.001), engage in riskier sexual behavior (ie, earlier sexual acts [P < 0.001] and less frequent use of barrier contraception [P = 0.001]), report low self-esteem (P = 0.001), and endorse traits of impulsivity (P < 0.001) and compulsivity (P < 0.001). Effect sizes were small to medium.

Conclusions:
Misuse of prescription sedative/tranquilizers was reported by 2% to 3% of university students and was associated with a variety of mental health and drug use problems. Clinicians should be aware that certain mental health conditions are more likely in those who misuse sedatives. This study indicates the need for longitudinal research into the effects of chronic sedative use on brain function and mental health, especially in young people. Such research should address the extent to which impulsive traits predispose to various substance use problems, versus the direct effects of sedatives (and other substances) on mental health
Causal Effect of Sleep Duration on Body Weight in Adolescents
Authors: Do Young Kyung 
Published: August 2019

Background:
A large number of observational epidemiologic studies have reported consistent associations between short sleep duration and increased body weight, particularly in children and adolescents. Causal evidence on the effect of sleep duration on body weight is still limited, however.

Methods:
This study exploits a unique natural experiment that can be argued to have increased sleep duration in an adolescent population in South Korea. In March 2011, authorities in three of the 16 administrative regions decreed restricting the closing hours of hagwon (private tutoring institutes) to 10 pm. Assuming this policy change is a valid instrument for sleep duration, it allows investigation of the causal effect of sleep duration on body weight in a difference-in-differences and instrumental variable framework. We used a nationally representative sample of 191,799 in-school adolescents in 7th–12th grades surveyed in the 2009−2012 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey.

Results:
The policy change was associated with sleep extension and body weight reduction in a subset of general high school 10th−11th graders (around 10% of the sample) whose sleep duration would otherwise have not increased. The main results suggested that a 1-hour increase in sleep duration was associated with a 0.56 kg/m2 reduction in body mass index (95% confidence interval = 0.07, 1.05) and a decreased risk of being overweight or obese by 4.2% points.

Conclusions:
This study provides new population-level, causal evidence that corroborates consistent findings in the epidemiologic literature on the link between short sleep duration and increased body weight.
Risk Factors for Readmission After Cleft Lip Repair
Authors: Chouairi Fouad , Mercier Michael R. , Mets Elbert J. , Alperovich Michael 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cleft lip is the most common craniofacial malformation with an incidence of 1 in 700 live births. Our study sought to evaluate incidences and risk factors readmission following CLP repair using a well-validated national surgical database.

Methods:
All cleft lip repairs performed between 2012 and 2016 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric Database. Patient demographics, surgical variables, and reasons for readmission were analyzed and identified. A binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with readmission following cleft lip repair.

Results:
The 4550 cleft lip repairs were identified with a thirty-day readmission rate of 3.8% (173 patients). A higher incidence of readmission was identified among patients with developmental delay (P ≤0.001), seizure disorder (P <0.001), structural central nervous system abnormality (P ≤0.001), steroid use within 30 days (P ≤0.001), a requirement for nutritional support (P <0.001), and ASA of 3 or higher (17.3% vs 9.9%, P <0.001). Readmitted patients were more likely to have deep incisional surgical site infections (P <0.001), deep wound dehiscence (P = 0.002), reoperation (P <0.001), pneumonia (P <0.001), and unplanned intubation (P <0.001).
Multivariate regression identified seizure disorder (OR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.3–8.3; P = 0.012) and steroid use within 30 days (OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.1–12.2; P = 0.030) as independently associated with readmission. The mean time of readmission was 9 days after operation.

Conclusion:
Patients with seizure disorder and steroid use were significantly more likely to be readmitted. Physicians should be cautious with management of patients with these risk factors.
Clinical Trial of Manual Reduction of Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation After Inhalation of Nitrous Oxide
Authors: Liu Mingwen , Liu Min , Lv Kun 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of inhaled nitrous oxide (N2O) for manual reduction of acute nontraumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation in the supine position technique.

Methods:
This clinical trial included a total of 51 patients presenting with acute nontraumatic TMJ dislocation. The patients were grouped randomly. The supine position technique was applied in both N2O group (experimental group) and control group (without N2O). The visual analogue scale scores (VAS scores) of the pain perception and the operation time were recorded.

Results:
All patients with dislocated mandible were successfully managed. The VAS scores of pain perception were significantly reduced in N2O group. It was 1.63 compared to 4.00 in control group. The average operation time was also significantly reduced in N2O group (Supplemental Digital Content, Table 2, http://links.lww.com/SCS/A716). It was 129.92 seconds compared to 170.04 seconds in control group.

Conclusion:
Inhalation of N2O helps to reduce the pain perception and the operation time of manual reduction of acute nontraumatic TMJ dislocation using the supine position technique. It is beneficial to both patients and doctors.
Staged Biliary Reconstruction After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Practical Surgical Strategy for High-Acuity Adult Recipients
Authors: Pearson Terra , Zimmerman Michael A. , Kim Joohyun , Palines Patrick A. , Eriksen Calvin M. , Wong Melissa , Selim Motaz A. , Markovic Daniela , Hong Johnny C. 
Published: August 2019

Background.
Biliary complications (BC) following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is strongly associated with inferior patient outcomes and increased healthcare cost. BC in high-acuity patients can be lethal. While the utility of staged biliary reconstruction after liver transplantation (SBRALT) has been reported in adult and pediatric OLT, biliary outcome data are scarce. We sought to evaluate the clinical utility and outcomes of SBRALT in high-acuity transplant recipients.

Methods.
We conducted an analysis from our prospective database of 149 adult OLT between January 1, 2012, and September 30, 2017. Mean follow-up was 26 months. Variables were compared for Group I: one-stage OLT with biliary reconstruction (N = 58) versus Group II: SBRALT (N = 91).

Results.
Compared with Group I, patients in Group II had higher acuity of illness: median model for end-stage liver disease scores (19 vs 35 P = 0.002), requirement for pretransplant intensive care unit (29.3% vs 54.9%, P = 0.022), pretransplant renal replacement therapy (15.5% vs 48.4%), estimated blood loss (2000 vs 4750 mL, P < 0.001), and intraoperative packed red blood cells transfusion (4 vs 10 units, P < 0.001). For Group II, biliary reconstruction was performed between 1 and 6 days after OLT. Hepaticojejunostomy was performed in 8.6% (Group I) and 26.4% (Group II), P = 0.010. For Groups I and II, BC rates (8.6% vs 7.7%, P = 0.955) and 1-year graft failure-free survival rates (89.7% vs 88.2%, P = 0.845) were comparable.

Conclusions.
Graft failure-free survival and biliary outcomes of SBRALT in high-acuity recipients are excellent and comparable to one-stage OLT for low-risk patients. SBRALT is a practical surgical strategy in complex OLT.
Long-term dietary intervention reveals resilience of the gut microbiota despite changes in diet and weight
Authors: Fragiadakis Gabriela K , Wastyk Hannah C. , Robinson Jennifer L. , Sonnenburg Erica D. , Sonnenburg Justin L. , Gardner Christopher D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWith the rising rates of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, there is a growing need for effective long-term weight loss strategies, coupled with an understanding of how they interface with host physiology. While diet is a critical and promising area of focus, it has been difficult to identify diets that are broadly effective in long-term weight management. To explore the interaction between specific diets and bacteria within the gut, we tracked microbiota composition over a 12-month period as part of a larger dietary intervention study of participants consuming either a low-carbohydrate or low-fat diet. While baseline microbiota composition was not predictive of weight loss, each diet resulted in substantial changes in the microbiota three months after the start of the intervention; some of these changes were diet-specific and others tracked with weight loss. After these initial shifts, the microbiota returned near its original baseline state for the remainder of the intervention, despite participants maintaining their diet and weight loss for the entire study. These results suggest a resilience to perturbation of the microbiome’s starting state. When considering the established contribution of obese-associated microbiotas to weight gain in animal models, microbiota resilience may need to be overcome for long-term alterations to host physiology.
Neuroimaging contrast across the cortical hierarchy is the feature maximally linked to behavior and demographics
Authors: Han Feng , Gu Yameng , Brown Gregory L , Zhang Xiang , Liu Xiao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe employed a data-driven canonical correlation analysis to investigate the population covariance of whole-brain cortical thickness, resting-state functional connectivity, and hundreds of behavioral/demographic measures in a large cohort of individuals. We found that the maximal thickness-behavior correlation and the maximal connectivity-behavior correlation are largely converged along the same direction across subjects, which is characterized by very specific modulations of all three modalities. Along this direction, individuals tend to have more positive and less negative behavioral/demographic traits, and more importantly, their functional connectivity and cortical thickness show a similar divergent modulation across the cortical hierarchy: thinner cortex and stronger functional connectivity at the higher-order cognitive regions whereas thicker cortex and weaker connectivity at the lower-order sensory/motor areas. These findings provide a unique link between structural and functional brain organizations and human behavior. Specifically, they suggest that the cross-hierarchy contrast of structural and functional brain measures may be a specific feature linked to the overall goodness of behavior and demographics.
DNA methylation change in neurotrophic genes with aging and delirium evidenced from three independent cohorts
Authors: Saito Taku , Braun Patricia R. , Daniel Sophia , Jellison Sydney S. , Hellman Mandy , Shinozaki Eri , Lee Sangil , Cho Hyunkeun R. , Yoshino Aihide , Toda Hiroyuki , Shinozaki Gen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe previously reported the association between DNA methylation (DNAm) of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and aging. Neurotrophic factors are also known to be associated with aging and neurocognitive disorders. Thus, we hypothesized that DNAm of neurotrophic genes change with aging, especially in delirium patients.METHODSDNAm were analyzed using HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip Kit in 3 independent cohorts; blood from 383 Grady Trauma Project subjects, brain from 21 neurosurgery patients, and blood from 87 inpatients with and without delirium.RESULTSBoth blood and brain samples showed that most of the DNAm of neurotrophic genes were positively correlated with aging. Furthermore, DNAm of neurotrophic genes were positively correlated with aging in delirium cases than in non-delirium controls.DISCUSSIONThese findings support our hypothesis that the neurotrophic genes may be epigenetically modulated with aging, and this process may be contributing to the pathophysiology of delirium.
Dynamic characteristics of a jumping robot with coordinated quadruped legs
Authors: Zhong Jun , Ma Ruqi 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Jumping robots with coordinated multiple legs have been a hot research subject during the past years because of their excellent abilities in fast moving and obstacle-climbing. However, dynamics of jumping process of these coordinated legged robots are complex because of collisions between coordinated legs and the ground. This paper aims to analyze features of jumping process and to present the kinematic and dynamic models of a novel sole-type quadruped jumping robot with variable coordinated joints.

Design/methodology/approach
A complete jumping period of is divided into several subphases according to contact status of different coordinated legs to the ground. Continuous dynamics and discrete dynamics are established in different subphases. Simulations are performed in MATLAB software and ADAMS environment.

Findings
Comparison between two-set simulated results acquired from ADAMS and MATLAB demonstrates the validity of kinematic and dynamic equations.

Originality/value
The established dynamics establish the foundation of further research in motion planning and controller design of coordinated multiple legs.
Effects of electrolyte system on the microstructure and properties of MAO ceramics coatings on 7050 high strength aluminum alloy
Authors: Zong Y. , Cao G.P. , Hua T.S. , Cai S.W. , Song R.G. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effects of different electrolyte systems on the properties of micro-arc oxidation coating on 7050 high strength aluminum alloy.

Design/methodology/approach
The coatings were prepared in silicate system with Na2SiO3 as main component, borate system with Na2B4O7 as main component and aluminate solution with Na2AlO2 as main salt, respectively.

Findings
The results show that the 7050 high strength aluminum alloy shows the best properties in silicate system.

Originality/value
This manuscript studied the crucial influence of different electrolyte systems on the microstructure and properties of the aluminum alloy micro-arc oxidation layer.
The effect of surfactant on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of electrodeposited Ni-Mo alloy coatings
Authors: Mousavi Rouhollah , Bahrololoom Mohammad Ebrahim , Deflorian Flavio 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
In this research, the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Ni-Mo alloy coatings obtained from a citrate bath solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an anionic surfactant, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, have been investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, the Cathodic polarization curves were plotted using a potentiostat/galvanostat set. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were, respectively, used to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of the coatings.

Findings
The results of the corrosion test showed that the corrosion resistance of the coatings obtained from electroplating bath only containing CTAB surfactant was deteriorated. On the other hand, SDS anionic surfactant positively affected on the corrosion resistance of the coatings when it was added to the electroplating bath.

Originality/value
For this purpose, the Cathodic polarization curves were plotted using a potentiostat/galvanostat set. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were respectively used to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of the coatings.
Measuring the atmospheric corrosion of Q235B and T91 steels using gray value, wavelet analysis and fuzzy Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy
Authors: Wang Li-Xiang , Xia Da-Hai , Song Shi-Zhe , Behnamian Yashar , Xu Likun 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to quantify atmospheric corrosion by image analyses. The corrosion extent, form and distribution of corrosion product on Q235B and T91 steels exposed to a Zhoushan marine atmosphere over one year are characterized by image analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Image analysis of corrosion images were achieved using the gray value, wavelet analysis and fuzzy Kolmogorov–Sinai (K–S) entropy.

Findings
As corrosion becomes extensive, the gray value of corrosion images decreases, and the energy value of nine subimages after wavelength decomposition decreases. Fuzzy K–S entropy increases as localized corrosion propagates but decreases as uniform corrosion spreads.

Originality/value
The methods proposed in this work open a new way for fast corrosion evaluation of metallic materials exposed to atmospheric conditions.
The study of hydrogen embrittlement of 12Cr2Mo1R(H) steel by slow strain rate test with in situ hydrogen charging
Authors: Zhang Kun , Fan Yicheng , Luo Xiaowei , Chen Xiaolang , Ban Chaolei , Zhao Heming , Chen Yiqing 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
12Cr2Mo1R(H) steel is commonly used to make hot-wall hydrogenation reactors given its excellent mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance. Longtime exposure to high-pressure hydrogen at medium temperature would still severely damage the mechanical properties of the Cr-Mo steel with surface HICs caused by hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen uptake. The mechanisms of HE remain controversial and have not been fully understood so far.

Design/methodology/approach
The HE of the steel was investigated by slow strain rate test at different strain rates with in situ hydrogen charging. The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the steel is measured by electrochemical technology of hydrogen permeation. HIC cracks of the fractured specimens were captured with field emission SEM equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction system.

Findings
Results showed that the hydrogen led to the plasticity of the samples reduced significantly, together with the distinct work hardening behavior induced by hydrogen charging during plastic flow stage. The fracture of in situ charged sample changes from quasi-cleavage to intergranular fracture with the decreasing of strain rates, which indicates that the steel become more susceptible to hydrogen. High densities of dislocations and deformation are found around the crack, where grains are highly sensitive to HIC. Grains with different Taylor factor are more susceptible to intergranular crack.

Originality/value
The results of the study would be helpful to a safer application of the steel.
Modelling the readiness factors for agility in healthcare organization: a TISM approach
Authors: V. Vaishnavi , M. Suresh , Dutta Pankaj 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the interactions among different readiness factors for implementing agility in healthcare organization. Total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) based readiness framework for agility has been developed to understand the mutual interactions among the factors and to identify the driving and dependence power of these factors.

Design/methodology/approach
The identification of factors is done by TISM approach used for analyzing the mutual interactions between factors. Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification analysis is utilized to find the driving and dependent factors of agile readiness in healthcare.

Findings
This paper identifies 12 factors of readiness for change in literature review, which is followed by an expert interview to understand the interconnection of factors and to study interrelationships of factors. The study suggests that factors like environmental scanning, resource availability, innovativeness, cost effectiveness, organizational leadership, training and development are important for implementing/improving the readiness of agility in healthcare organizations.

Research limitations/implications
This research focuses mainly on readiness factors for agility in healthcare sector.

Practical implications
Top management must stress on readiness factors that have a strong driving power for efficient implementation of agility in healthcare. This study helps the managers to take quick decisions, and continuous monitoring of readiness factors would be more beneficial to improve the quality of service, which makes the organization more agile.

Originality/value
In this research, TISM-based readiness for agile framework structural model has been proposed for healthcare organizations, which is a new effort for implementation of agility in healthcare.