bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Improved Grey Model in Medium and Long Term Load Forecasting
Authors: Che Xuan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Grey model is a common method in medium and long-term power load forecasting, but it has great limitations. According to the characteristics of medium and long term power load forecasting, the method of sliding average and the principle of Markov model are introduced into the Grey forecasting theory, and the model is improved. This improvement can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the model. Based on the load data of Qingdao City in the past ten years, it can be proved that the improved Grey model has improved the accuracy of the former.
All the World Loves a Lover: Monarchy, Mass Media and the 1934 Royal Wedding of Prince George and Princess Marina
Authors: Owens Edward 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This essay examines the little-studied 1934 royal wedding of Prince George, Duke of Kent, the youngest surviving son of George V and the famously glamorous Princess Marina of Greece to argue that the British media projected this event on a scale, and in ways, never seen before. More than on any previous occasion it was a royal event driven by intimate publicity, and by a coterie of courtiers, clerics and newsmen who were committed to elevating a ‘family monarchy’ as the emotional centre-point of national life. I suggest that this celebration of royal domesticity engendered popular support for the House of Windsor in a period characterised by political turbulence at home and abroad. In this vein, I argue that social elites orchestrated royal family events as mass mediated nation-building exercises designed to create loyal subjects to the Crown, and that new technologies transformed how media audiences and royalty interacted with one another.
Increases in Neuroticism May Be an Early Indicator of Dementia: A Coordinated Analysis
Authors: Yoneda Tomiko , Rush Jonathan , Graham Eileen K , Berg Anne Ingeborg , Comijs Hannie , Katz Mindy , Lipton Richard B , Johansson Boo , Mroczek Daniel K , Piccinin Andrea M 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesAlthough personality change is typically considered a symptom of dementia, some studies suggest that personality change may be an early indication of dementia. One prospective study found increases in neuroticism preceding dementia diagnosis (Yoneda, T., Rush, J., Berg, A. I., Johansson, B., & Piccinin, A. M. (2017). Trajectories of personality traits preceding dementia diagnosis. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 72, 922–931. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbw006). This study extends this research by examining trajectories of personality traits in additional longitudinal studies of aging.MethodsThree independent series of latent growth curve models were fitted to data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam and Einstein Aging Study to estimate trajectories of personality traits in individuals with incident dementia diagnosis (total N = 210), in individuals with incident Mild Cognitive Impairment (N = 135), and in individuals who did not receive a diagnosis during follow-up periods (total N = 1740).ResultsControlling for sex, age, education, depressive symptoms, and the interaction between age and education, growth curve analyses consistently revealed significant linear increases in neuroticism preceding dementia diagnosis in both datasets and in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Analyses examining individuals without a diagnosis revealed nonsignificant change in neuroticism overtime.DiscussionReplication of our previous work in 2 additional datasets provides compelling evidence that increases in neuroticism may be early indication of dementia, which can facilitate development of screening assessments.
Re-experiencing Violence Across the Life Course: Histories of Childhood Maltreatment and Elder Abuse Victimization
Authors: Kong Jooyoung , Easton Scott D 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Objectives
This study primarily examines the associations between histories of childhood maltreatment (i.e., neglect, emotional, physical, and sexual abuse) and elder abuse victimization and explores whether gender moderates the associations.

Methods
We conducted a secondary data analysis of 5,968 older adults (mean age = 71 years) based on data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (2010–2011). Using retrospective self-reports of childhood and current (past 12 months) victimization experiences, logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the effects of early-life adversities on the likelihood of elder abuse victimization.

Results
Results indicate that childhood emotional abuse and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) were associated with greater risk of being abused as older adults, after controlling for childhood and adult background factors. We also found that the effect of CSA on elder abuse victimization was weaker for women than men.

Discussion
Findings suggest that the phenomenon of revictimization may occur not only in early and middle adulthood, but also in late life. To advance our understanding of victimization across the life course, future research on root causes of elder abuse should include histories of child abuse.
ε-Regularity and Structure of Four-dimensional Shrinking Ricci Solitons
Authors: Huang Shaosai 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A closed four-dimensional manifold cannot possess a non-flat Ricci soliton metric with arbitrarily small $L^{2}$-norm of the curvature. In this paper, we localize this fact in the case of gradient shrinking Ricci solitons by proving an $\varepsilon $-regularity theorem, thus confirming a conjecture of Cheeger–Tian [20]. As applications, we will also derive structural results concerning the degeneration of the metrics on a family of complete non-compact four-dimensional gradient shrinking Ricci solitons without a uniform entropy lower bound. In the appendix, we provide a detailed account of the equivariant good chopping theorem when collapsing with locally bounded curvature happens.
A Cross-sectional Surveillance Study of the Frequency and Etiology of Acute Respiratory Illness Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Hause Anne M , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Maccato Maurizio L , Pinell Phillip M , Bond Nanette , Santarcangelo Patricia , Ferlic-Stark Laura , Munoz Flor M , Piedra Pedro A 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundOther than influenza, little is known about the consequences of viral acute respiratory illness (ARI) on pregnant women and fetuses. Our objectives were to determine the frequency of ARI due to respiratory viruses and the associated clinical outcomes during pregnancy.MethodsPregnant women in their second or third trimester were enrolled if they reported having symptoms of ARI or were healthy within the preceding 2 weeks. Nasopharyngeal secretions were evaluated for respiratory viruses by molecular diagnostic assays. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at enrollment and via a follow-up telephone-based questionnaire 2 weeks later.ResultsThere were 155 pregnant participants, with 81 ARI cases and 91 healthy controls. Acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRTI) was identified in 29 cases (36%). Human rhinovirus (HRV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus accounted for 75% of virus-positive cases of ALRTI. Cases with ALRTI often reported a longer duration of illness, history of allergies, symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, or chest pain, and use of prescription medication. Two cases with ALRTI reported decreased fetal movement; a third case with ALRTI was hospitalized.ConclusionsIn over one third of ARI cases, participants had symptoms consistent with ALRTI. Infection with HRV, RSV, or influenza virus was commonly detected in patients with ALRTI. Viral ALRTI during pregnancy appears to be common and is associated with significant morbidity.
Multifrequency behaviour of the anomalous events of PSR J0922+0638
Authors: Shaifullah G , Tiburzi C , Osłowski S , Verbiest J P W , Szary A , Künsemöller J , Horneffer A , Anderson J , Kramer M , Schwarz D J , Mann G , Steinmetz M , Vocks C 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
PSR J0922+0638 (B0919+06) shows unexplained anomalous variations in the on-pulse phase, where the pulse appears to episodically move to an earlier longitude for a few tens of rotations before reverting to the usual phase for approximately several hundred to more than a thousand rotations. These events, where the pulse moves in phase by up to 5°, have been previously detected in observations from ∼300 to 2000 MHz. We present simultaneous observations from the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope at 1350 MHz and the Bornim (Potsdam) station of the LOw Frequency ARray at 150 MHz. Our observations present the first evidence for an absence of the anomalous phase-shifting behaviour at 150 MHz. Instead, the observed intensity at the usual pulse-phase typically decreases, often showing a pseudo-nulling feature corresponding to the times when phase shifts are observed at 1350 MHz. The presence of weak emission at the usual pulse-phase supports the theory that these shifts may result from processes similar to the ‘profile-absorption’ expected to operate for PSR J0814+7429 (B0809+74). A possible mechanism for this could be intrinsic variations of the emission within the pulsar’s beam combined with absorption by expanding shells of electrons in the line of sight.
Can the relativistic light-bending model explain X-ray spectral variations of Seyfert galaxies?
Authors: Mizumoto Misaki , Moriyama Kotaro , Ebisawa Ken , Mineshige Shin , Kawanaka Norita , Tsujimoto Masahiro 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Many Seyfert galaxies are known to exhibit Fe-K broad emission line features in their X-ray energy spectra. The observed lines have three distinct features: (1) the line profiles are skewed and show significant low-energy tails, (2) the Fe-K band has low variability, which produces a broad and deep dip in the root-mean-square (rms) spectra, and (3) photons in this band have time lags behind those in the adjacent energy bands with amplitudes of several Rg/c, where Rg is the gravitational radius. The “relativistic light-bending model” is proposed to explain these observed features, where a compact X-ray source (“lamp post”) above an extreme Kerr black hole illuminates the innermost area of the accretion disc. In this paper, we critically examine the relativistic light-bending model by computing the rms spectra and the lag features using a ray-tracing technique, when a lamp post moves vertically on the black hole spin axis. As a result, we found that the observed deep rms dip requires that the iron is extremely overabundant (≳10 solar), whereas the observed lag amplitude is consistent with the normal iron abundance. Furthermore, disappearance of the lag in the high-flux state requires a source height as high as ∼40 Rg, which contradicts the relativistically broad emission line feature. Our simulations agree with the data that the reverberation feature moves to lower frequencies with larger source height; however, if this scenario is correct, the simulations predict the detection of a clear Fe-K lag at low frequencies, which is not constrained in the data. Therefore, we conclude that the relativistic light-bending model may not explain the characteristic Fe-K spectral variations in Seyfert galaxies.
Percutaneous Screws and External Fixation in Frontal Sinus Anterior Wall Fractures
Authors: Uraloğlu Muhammet , Ural Alper , Livaoğlu Murat , Karaçal Naci 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Fractures of the frontal sinus are frequently encountered injuries of maxillofacial fractures. The most common causes are traffic accidents, followed by sports-related injuries. There is still no consensus regarding the optimal management of frontal sinus fractures. The authors report a patient with depressed anterior wall fracture of the frontal sinus and superior orbital rim fracture. Reduction was performed by traction from 2 screws applied percutaneously to the depressed fragments and external fixation with an aluminum nasal splint. This technique is both minimally invasive and permits easy fixation in suitable patients.
MAIT cells contribute to protection against lethal influenza infectionin vivo
Authors: van Wilgenburg Bonnie , Loh Liyen , Chen Zhenjun , Pediongco Troi J , Wang Huimeng , Shi Mai , Zhao Zhe , Koutsakos Marios , Nüssing Simone , Sant Sneha , Wang Zhongfang , D’Souza Criselle , Almeida Catarina F , Kostenko Lyudmila , Eckle Sidonia BG , Meehan Bronwyn S , Godfrey Dale I , Reading Patrick C , Corbett Alexandra J , McCluskey James , Klenerman Paul , Kedzierska Katherine , Hinks Timothy SC 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are evolutionarily-conserved, innate-like lymphocytes which are abundant in human lungs and can contribute to protection against pulmonary bacterial infection. MAIT cells are also activated during human viral infections, yet it remains unknown whether MAIT cells play a significant protective or even detrimental role during viral infectionsin vivo. Using murine experimental challenge with two strains of influenza A virus, we show that MAIT cells accumulated and were activated early in infection, with upregulation of CD25, CD69 and Granzyme B, peaking at 5 days post infection. Activation was modulated via cytokines independently of MR1. MAIT cell-deficient MR1−/−mice showed enhanced weight loss and mortality to severe (H1N1) influenza. This was ameliorated by prior adoptive transfer of pulmonary MAIT cells in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient RAG2−/−γC−/−mice. Thus, MAIT cells contribute to protection during respiratory viral infections, and constitute a potential target for therapeutic manipulation.
Graph Peak Caller: calling ChIP-Seq Peaks on Graph-based Reference Genomes
Authors: Grytten Ivar , Rand Knut D. , Nederbragt Alexander J. , Storvik Geir O. , Glad Ingrid K. , Sandve Geir K. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGraph-based representations are considered to be the future for reference genomes, as they allow integrated representation of the steadily increasing data on individual variation. Currently available tools allow de novo assembly of graph-based reference genomes, alignment of new read sets to the graph representation as well as certain analyses like variant calling and haplotyping. We here present a first method for calling ChIP-Seq peaks on read data aligned to a graph-based reference genome. The method is a graph generalization of the peak caller MACS2, and is implemented in an open source tool, Graph Peak Caller. By using the existing tool vg to build a pan-genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, we validate our approach by showing that Graph Peak Caller with a pan-genome reference graph can trace variants within peaks that are not part of the linear reference genome, and find peaks that in general are more motif-enriched than those found by MACS2.
When to care and when to kill: termites shape their collective response based on stage of infection
Authors: Davis Hannah E. , Meconcelli Stefania , Radek Renate , McMahon Dino P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTermites defend their colonies from disease using an array of social behaviours, including allogrooming, cannibalism, and burial. We tested how groups of eastern subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes) deploy these behaviours when presented with a nestmate at different stages of infection with the entomopathogenic fungusMetarhizium anisopliae. As expected, the termites groomed pathogen-exposed individuals significantly more than mock-treated controls; however, grooming levels were significantly higher after spore germination than before. Cannibalism became prevalent only after exposed termites became visibly ill, and burial was rarely observed. These results demonstrate that termites employ different strategies depending on the stage of infection that they encounter. Grooming intensity is linked not only to pathogen presence, but also to germination status, and, given the temporal correlation between cannibalism and visible signs of illness, the host may play a role in triggering its own sacrifice.
Evolution favors aging in populations with assortative mating and strong pathogen pressure
Authors: Lenart Peter , Bienertová-Vašků Julie , Berec Luděk 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSince at first sight aging seems to be omnipresent, many authors to this very day regard it as an inevitable consequence of the laws of physics. However, studies published in the past two decades have conclusively shown that a number of organisms do not age, or at least do not age on a scale comparable with other aging organisms. This disparity leads us to question why aging evolved in some organisms and not in others. We thus present a mathematical model which simulates evolution in a sexually reproducing population composed of aging and non-aging individuals. We have observed that aging individuals may outcompete non-aging individuals if they have a higher starting fertility or if the main mating pattern in the population is assortative mating. Furthermore, stronger pathogen pressure was found to help the aging phenotype when compared to the non-aging phenotype. Last but not least, the aging phenotype was found to more easily outcompete the non-aging one or to resist the dominance of the latter for a longer period of time in populations composed of dimorphic sexually reproducing individuals compared to populations of hermaphrodites. Our findings are consistent with both classical evolutionary theories of aging and with evolutionary theories of aging which assume the existence of an aging program. They can thus potentially work as a bridge between these two opposing views, suggesting that the truth in fact lies somewhere in between.Significance StatementThis study presents the first mathematical model which simulates the evolution of aging in a population of sexually reproducing organisms. Our model shows that aging individuals may outcompete non-aging individuals in several scenarios known to occur in nature. Our work thus provides important insight into the question why aging has evolved in most, but not all, organisms.
Changes In The Axon Initiation Segment Of Thalamic Neurons In Response To Cyclical Stimulation
Authors: Zirkov Mark , Kolezeva Yelena 
Published: March 2018

AbstractChanges to the axon initiation segment in frequently firing neurons are known to be important predictors of early disease states. Studying this phenomenon in thalamic neurons is critical to understanding the first insult implicated in multiple neuro-degenerative disorders. To study these changes we used cyclical stimulations using micro-electrodes to the axon initiation segment of mouse thalamic neurons. Numerical simulation results indicate that axon initiation segment water potential fluctuated sinusoidally on high voltage only. Fluctuations in the amplitude and trend were caused by calcium flow and storage resistance, respectively. The change in axon initiation segment-stored water was proportional to the change rate in water potential. Axon initiation segment diameter increased with fluctuations in calcium free media; moreover, it varied slightly under low voltage conditions. Our results indicate that the changes in axon initiation segment diameter were caused by changes in water potential, which can be attributed to subcellular gated calcium channels within the thalamic neurons.
Spatially clustered loci with multiple enhancers are frequent targets of HIV-1
Authors: Lucic Bojana , Chen Heng-Chang , Kuzman Maja , Zorita Eduard , Wegner Julia , Minneker Vera , Roukos Vassilis , Wang Wei , Fronza Raffaele , Schmidt Manfred , Benkirane Monsef , Stadhouders Ralph , Vlahovicek Kristian , Filion Guillaume J , Lusic Marina 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTHIV-1 recurrently targets active genes that are positioned in the outer shell of the nucleus and integrates in the proximity of the nuclear pore compartment. However, the genomic features of these genes and the relevance of their transcriptional activity for HIV-1 integration have so far remained unclear. Here we show that recurrently targeted genes are delineated with super-enhancer genomic elements and that they cluster in specific spatial compartments of the T cell nucleus. We further show that these gene clusters acquire their location at the nuclear periphery during the activation of T cells. The clustering of these genes along with their transcriptional activity are the major determinants of HIV-1 integration in T cells. Our results show for the first time the relevance of the spatial compartmentalization of the genome for HIV-1 integration, thus further strengthening the role of nuclear architecture in viral infection.
Glycosylation-dependent modulation of the lL-2 signaling axis determines Th17 differentiation and IL-10 production
Authors: Gabryšová Leona , Mann Elizabeth H. , Bradley Lydia , MacRae James I. , Whicher Charlotte , Hawrylowicz Catherine M. , Anastasiou Dimitrios , O’Garra Anne 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARYMetabolism plays an essential role in shaping T helper (Th) cell responses including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, however the effects on IL-10 have not been investigated. We show that the glucose analogue 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) specifically inhibits Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation and accompanying IL-10 production. In contrast, 2DG promotes IL-17A production by Th17 cells, even in the presence of IL-2 known to limit Th17 differentiation, whilst totally abrogating the production of IL-10. Notably, rather than inhibiting glycolysis, 2DG acts through the inhibition of glycosylation, which is critical for IL-2Rα surface expression and downstream signaling in both mouse and man. Strikingly, IL-2 is essential for IL-10 production by Th17 cells, in contrast to its inhibitory effect on the production of IL-17A. Our study reveals a previously unappreciated, anti-inflammatory role for IL-2 in Th17 cell production of IL-10 and thus identifies a novel mechanism to limit Th17 pathogenicity.
Influence of SNF1 complex on growth, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial respiration ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Martinez-Ortiz Cecilia , Carrillo-Garmendia Andres , Correa-Romero Blanca Flor , Canizal-García Melina , González-Hernández Juan Carlos , Regalado-Gonzalez Carlos , Olivares-Marin Ivanna Karina , Madrigal-Perez Luis Alberto 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe switch of mitochondrial respiration to fermentation as the main pathway to produce ATP through the increase of glycolytic flux is known as the Crabtree effect. The elucidation of the molecular mechanism of the Crabtree effect may have important applications in ethanol production and lay the groundwork for the Warburg effect, which is essential in the molecular etiology of cancer. A key piece in this mechanism could be Snf1p, which is a protein that participates in the nutritional response that includes glucose metabolism. Thus, this work aimed to recognize the role of the SNF1 complex on the glycolytic flux and mitochondrial respiration, to gain insights about its relationship with the Crabtree effect. Herein, we found that inSaccharomyces cerevisiaecells grown at 1% glucose, mutation ofSNF1gene decreased glycolytic flux, increased NAD(P)H, enhancedHXK2gene transcription, and decreased mitochondrial respiration. Meanwhile, the same mutation increased the mitochondrial respiration of cells grown at 10% glucose. Moreover,SNF4gene deletion increased respiration and growth at 1% of glucose. In the case of theGAL83gene, we did not detect any change in mitochondrial respiration or growth. Altogether, these findings indicate thatSNF1is vital to switch from mitochondrial respiration to fermentation.