bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of supply chain collaboration and knowledge sharing on organizational outcomes in pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Mahbubul , Islam Rafikul 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the proposed relationships concerning the supply chain collaboration (SCC) practices and knowledge sharing with organizational performance in the pharmaceutical industry of a developing country.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 203 executives working in various pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh participated in the study. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to test the proposed research hypotheses.FindingsThis study reveals that both knowledge sharing and collaboration practices in the supply chain significantly influence customer satisfaction leading to business competitiveness as evidenced in the superior product quality and new product innovation in this knowledge-intensive industry. It further reveals a statistically significant correlation between SCC and knowledge sharing practices.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is performed only on the manufacturers in the pharmaceutical industry from the perspective of a developing country. Future studies could cover other entities operating in a pharmaceutical supply chain.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study have significant practical implications due to the fact that the aspect of knowledge sharing exerts influence on customer satisfaction that holds the key to competitive priorities. The managers need to address this issue seriously.Originality/valueFew studies have been performedvis-a-visthe impact of both SCC and knowledge sharing on the organizational outcomes in the pharmaceutical industry from the perspective of a developing country.
Diel periodicity of a terrestrial arthropod community: diversity, composition, and body size
Authors: McMunn Marshall S. , Hernandez Joel D. 
Published: August 2018

1. Activity patterns of arthropods lead to consistent changes in community composition in many ecosystems, but this daily turnover in community membership is poorly characterised. This study used passive collection methods of ground and air active arthropods, feeding guild assignment, and body size measurements to characterise changes in a terrestrial arthropod community between consecutive 4‐h time intervals.2. We found that arthropod communities are highly structured in time, with the time of sample collection significantly affecting family richness, relative abundance, abundance of feeding guilds, community dissimilarity, community turnover rates, and average body sizes within taxonomic orders.3. Community dissimilarity is periodic on two timescales, 12 and 24 h. Morning and evening communities were similar to each other and supported a unique assemblage that occurred during the transition from highly dissimilar night and day arthropod communities.4. The results offered support for previous findings that night‐active arthropods are generally larger than day‐active ones, with the pattern holding for some but not all orders.5. These findings demonstrate that species‐specific daily activity patterns influence community composition in a predictable manner, with characteristic repeating time communities within a single habitat.
Effects and pregnancy outcomes of L‐carnitine supplementation in culture media for human embryo development from in vitro fertilization
Authors: Kim Min Kyoung , Park Jae Kyun , Paek Soo Kyung , Kim Ji Won , Kwak In Pyung , Lee Hee Jun , Lyu Sang Woo , Lee Woo Sik 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimAntioxidants have been studied to be effective in improving embryo qualities from in vitro fertilization. L‐carnitine (LC) has been known to reduce reactive oxygen species and enhance adenosine triphosphate production, which contribute to the development of a high‐quality embryo. This is the first study to include both mouse and human subjects and aimed to evaluate whether LC supplementation in culture media has any beneficial effect on the development of the embryos, as well as its clinical outcomes.MethodsMouse embryos were used as models in the animal studies for cell immunofluorescent staining evaluation. Inner cell mass and trophectoderm (TE) cells were counted and statistically analyzed between LC and control groups. For human studies, medical records of patients with infertility undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures from January to May 2017 were included and the embryos were divided into two groups at the two pronuclear stage. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the embryo status and clinical outcomes of the two groups.ResultsIn the animal study, the LC group showed significantly higher numbers of cells in the inner cell mass and trophectoderm, indicating better development. In the human studies, there were significantly higher numbers of good‐quality embryos on days 2, 3 and 5 in the LC group than in the control. The clinical outcomes, such as implantation, clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates, were also higher in the LC group than in the control.ConclusionLC supplementation in culture media improved human embryo quality and eventually achieved better pregnancy outcomes.
Burden and emergency department management of acute cough in children
Authors: Anderson‐James Sophie , Marchant Julie M , Chang Anne B , Acworth Jason P , Phillips Natalie T , Drescher Benjamin J , Goyal Vikas , O'Grady Kerry‐Ann F 
Published: August 2018

AimIn children presenting to an emergency department (ED) with an acute coughing illness, the aims of this study were to: (i) describe the frequency of doctor visits and medication use; and (ii) describe management and relate it to current evidence‐based guidelines.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study in ED of a major teaching hospital (Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia). Participants included 537 children (<15 years) presenting with acute (<2 weeks) cough, with a median age of 2.2 years (interquartile range 1.0–4.0); 61.5% were boys. Hospitalised children and those with asthma, pneumonia or chronic illnesses were excluded. Main outcome measures were: (i) frequency of pre‐ED doctor visits and medication use; and (ii) comparison of management to current evidence‐based recommendations related to four discharge diagnoses: bronchiolitis, ‘wheeze/reactive airway disease (RAD)’, croup and ‘non‐specific acute respiratory illness’.ResultsA total of 300 children (55.9%) had seen a doctor prior to their ED presentation, and use of medications pre‐ED was high (53.4%). While 93.4% of children with croup were treated in accordance with guidelines, concordance was lower for children with bronchiolitis or ‘wheeze/RAD’. The majority of children with a discharge diagnosis of ‘wheeze/RAD’ (95.6%) received bronchodilators, and 72.7% also received oral corticosteroids but were not diagnosed with asthma. More than half (55.1%) of the children with non‐specific acute respiratory illness received medication(s) either prior to or during their ED presentation.ConclusionsThe burden of acute cough‐related illnesses in children is high, and there is a need for improved uptake of evidence‐based guidelines. In addition, the large number of children diagnosed with ‘wheeze/RAD’ suggests asthma is likely under‐diagnosed in this setting.
A unified empirical likelihood approach for testing MCAR and subsequent estimation
Authors: Zhang Shixiao , Han Peisong , Wu Changbao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFor an estimation with missing data, a crucial step is to determine if the data are missing completely at random (MCAR), in which case a complete‐case analysis would suffice. Most existing tests for MCAR do not provide a method for a subsequent estimation once the MCAR is rejected. In the setting of estimating means, we propose a unified approach for testing MCAR and the subsequent estimation. Upon rejecting MCAR, the same set of weights used for testing can then be used for estimation. The resulting estimators are consistent if the missingness of each response variable depends only on a set of fully observed auxiliary variables and the true outcome regression model is among the user‐specified functions for deriving the weights. The proposed method is based on the calibration idea from survey sampling literature and the empirical likelihood theory.
Adherence of meta-aggregative systematic reviews to reporting standards and methodological guidance: a methodological review protocol
Authors: Munn Zachary , Dias Mafalda , Tufanaru Catalin , Porritt Kylie , Stern Cindy , Jordan Zoe , Aromataris Edoardo , Pearson Alan 
Published: August 2018

Review objective:The objective of the review is to examine Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) qualitative meta-aggregative reviews to determine:
Astigmatism and its components in 12-year-old Chinese children: the Anyang Childhood Eye Study
Authors: Li He , Li Shi-Ming , Liu Luo-Ru , Ji Ya-Zhou , Kang Meng-Tian , Gan Jia-He , Bai Ya-Wen , Yan Ran , Zhan Si-Yan , Mitchell Paul , Wang Ningli , Atchison David A 
Published: August 2018

PurposeTo determine prevalence of refractive (RA), corneal (CA) and internal astigmatism (IA), including variation with gender and spherical equivalent refraction (SE), in a population of 12-year-old Chinese children.MethodsA total of 1783 students with a mean age of 12.7 years (range 10.0–15.6 years) completed comprehensive eye examinations in the Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Data of cycloplegic refraction and corneal curvature were analysed.ResultsPrevalences of RA, CA and IA ≥1.0 D were 17.4% (95%CI 15.6% to 19.2%), 52.8% (50.5% to 55.1%)%) and 20.9% (19.0% to 22.8%), respectively. With different limits of astigmatism axes classification, including ±15°, ±20° and ±30°, RA and CA axes were mainly ‘with-the-rule’ (WTR) (ie, correcting axis of negative cylinders at or near 180°), while those for IA axes were mainly ‘against-the-rule’ (ATR) (ie, correcting axis of negative cylinders at or near 90°). RA was not different between the genders, but girls had higher prevalence and greater means of CA and IA. RA and CA increased in students with higher ametropia (more myopia and more hyperopia) and were the highest in a high myopic group (SE≤−6 D), while IA was stable across refraction groups. Children with RA higher than 0.50 D were more likely to have lens corrections (51%, 57%, 61% and 69% for magnitudes of ≥0.50 D, ≥0.75 D, ≥1.0 D and ≥1.5 D, respectively).ConclusionsPrevalence of RA in the Chinese 12-year-old children was relatively high compared with other studies. RA and CA had mainly ‘WTR’ astigmatism, while IA was mainly ATR and partially compensated for CA. Girls had greater means and prevalences of CA and IA than did boys. Both RA and CA, but not IA, increased with refractive errors away from emmetropia.
Sustainable Consumption: Scope and Applicability of Principles of International Law
Authors: CHATURVEDI Ipshita 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The role of sustainable development has been increasingly recognized in international environmental law as a way to reconcile poverty eradication and resource exploitation with environmental protection. By contrast, little attention has been given to the concept of sustainable consumption. When international law mentions sustainable consumption, consumption and production are generally considered together, for instance in Goal 12 of the Sustainable Development Goals, addressing responsible consumption and production, and in UNEP’s 10-year sustainable ‘consumption and production programme.’ While some research on sustainable consumption has been conducted in sociology and anthropology, the focus in international environmental law has remained on production rather than consumption. This article seeks to open up a discussion on how consumption should be viewed and defined legally, and the role that law could play in promoting sustainable consumption.
Tropical Cyclone Track Sensitivity in Deformation Steering Flow
Authors: Torn Ryan D. , Elless Travis J. , Papin Philippe P. , Davis Christopher A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that tropical cyclones (TCs) in deformation steering flows can be associated with large position errors and uncertainty. The goal of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of position forecasts for three TCs within deformation wind fields [Debby (2012), Joaquin (2015), and Lionrock (2016)] using the ensemble-based sensitivity technique applied to European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ensemble forecasts. In all three cases, the position forecasts are sensitive to uncertainty in the steering wind within 500 km of the 0-h TC position. Subsequently, the TC moves onto either side of the axis of contraction due to the ensemble perturbation steering flow. As a TC moves away from the saddle point, the ensemble members subsequently experience different ensemble-mean steering winds, which act to move the TC away from the ensemble-mean TC position along the axis of dilatation. By contrast, the position forecasts appear to exhibit less sensitivity to the steering wind more than 500 km from the initial TC position, even though the TC may interact with these features later in the forecast. Furthermore, forecasts initialized at later times are characterized by significantly lower position errors and uncertainty once it becomes clear on which side of the axis of contraction the TC will move. These results suggest that TCs in deformation steering flow could be inherently unpredictable and may benefit from densely sampling the near-storm steering flow and TC structure early in their lifetimes.
Workshops: an important element in medical education
Authors: Belay Hiberet Tessema , Ó Ruairc Brían , Guérandel Allys 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARYWorkshops are used in many psychiatric teaching and learning contexts, from undergraduate to continuing professional development. Most psychiatrists have at some time attended a workshop. However, the terms workshop, tutorial and small-group teaching are used indiscriminately. It is therefore important to reflect on what characterises a workshop, the learning theories behind their development and what learning needs workshops best meet. We give an outline of the evidence for workshops in medical education and review the principles governing how to conduct workshops and the use of technology to enhance their delivery. Data collected from an undergraduate psychiatry course delivered in an Irish university are used to illustrate how applying these principles contributes to optimising the use of workshops from both the learners’ and facilitators’ perspective.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Understand what an educational workshop is•Be able to relate workshops to current approaches in medical education•Appreciate the use of an effective educational workshopDECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
Effects of behavioural activation on the neural circuit related to intrinsic motivation
Authors: Mori Asako , Okamoto Yasumasa , Okada Go , Takagaki Koki , Takamura Masahiro , Jinnin Ran , Ichikawa Naho , Yamamura Takanao , Yokoyama Satoshi , Shiota Syouichi , Yoshino Atsuo , Miyake Yoshie , Okamoto Yuri , Matsumoto Madoka , Matsumoto Kenji , Yamawaki Shigeto 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundBehavioural activation is an efficient treatment for depression and can improve intrinsic motivation. Previous studies have revealed that the frontostriatal circuit is involved in intrinsic motivation; however, there are no data on how behavioural activation affects the frontostriatal circuit.AimsWe aimed to investigate behavioural activation-related changes in the frontostriatal circuit.MethodFifty-nine individuals with subthreshold depression were randomly assigned to either the intervention or non-intervention group. The intervention group received five weekly behavioural activation sessions. The participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning on two separate occasions while performing a stopwatch task based on intrinsic motivation. We investigated changes in neural activity and functional connectivity after behavioural activation.ResultsAfter behavioural activation, the intervention group had increased activation and connectivity in the frontostriatal region compared with the non-intervention group. The increased activation in the right middle frontal gyrus was correlated with an improvement of subjective sensitivity to environmental rewards.ConclusionsBehavioural activation-related changes to the frontostriatal circuit advance our understanding of psychotherapy-induced improvements in the neural basis of intrinsic motivation.Declaration of interestNone.
Swe1 and Mih1 regulate mitotic spindle dynamics in budding yeast via Bik1
Authors: Raspelli Erica , Facchinetti Silvia , Fraschini Roberta 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
The mitotic spindle is a very dynamic structure that is built de novo and destroyed at each round of cell division. In order to perform its fundamental function during chromosome segregation, mitotic spindle dynamics must be tightly coordinated with other cell cycle events. These changes are driven by several protein kinases, phosphatases and microtubule-associated proteins. In budding yeast, the kinase Swe1 and the phosphatase Mih1 act in concert in controlling the phosphorylation state of Cdc28, the catalytic subunit of Cdk1, the major regulator of the cell cycle. In this study we show that Swe1 and Mih1 are also involved in the control of mitotic spindle dynamics. Our data indicate that Swe1 and the Polo-like kinase Cdc5 control the balance between phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of Mih1, which is, in turn, important for mitotic spindle elongation. Moreover, we show that the microtubule-associated protein Bik1 is a phosphoprotein, and that Swe1 and Mih1 are both involved in controlling phosphorylation of Bik1. These results uncover new players and provide insights into the complex regulation of mitotic spindle dynamics.
ProLIF – quantitative integrin protein–protein interactions and synergistic membrane effects on proteoliposomes
Authors: De Franceschi Nicola , Miihkinen Mitro , Hamidi Hellyeh , Alanko Jonna , Mai Anja , Picas Laura , Guzmán Camilo , Lévy Daniel , Mattjus Peter , Goult Benjamin T. , Goud Bruno , Ivaska Johanna 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Integrin transmembrane receptors control a wide range of biological interactions by triggering the assembly of large multiprotein complexes at their cytoplasmic interface. Diverse methods have been used to investigate interactions between integrins and intracellular proteins, and predominantly include peptide-based pulldowns and biochemical immuno-isolations from detergent-solubilised cell lysates. However, quantitative methods to probe integrin–protein interactions in a more biologically relevant context where the integrin is embedded within a lipid bilayer have been lacking. Here, we describe ‘protein–liposome interactions by flow cytometry’ (denoted ProLIF), a technique to reconstitute recombinant integrin transmembrane domains (TMDs) and cytoplasmic tail (CT) fragments in liposomes as individual subunits or as αβ heterodimers and, via flow cytometry, allow rapid and quantitative measurement of protein interactions with these membrane-embedded integrins. Importantly, the assay can analyse binding of fluorescent proteins directly from cell lysates without further purification steps. Moreover, the effect of membrane composition, such as PI(4,5)P2 incorporation, on protein recruitment to the integrin CTs can be analysed. ProLIF requires no specific instrumentation and can be applied to measure a broad range of membrane-dependent protein–protein interactions with the potential for high-throughput/multiplex analyses.
This article has associated First Person interviews with the first authors of the paper (see doi: 10.1242/jcs.223644 and doi: 10.1242/jcs.223719).
Smaller clinical trials for decision making; using p-values could be costly
Authors: Graves Nicholas , Barnett Adrian G. , Burn Edward , Cook David 
Published: August 2018

Background: Clinical trials might be larger than needed because arbitrary high levels of statistical confidence are sought in the results. Traditional sample size calculations ignore the marginal value of the information collected for decision making. The statistical hypothesis testing objective is misaligned with the goal of generating information necessary for decision-making. The aim of the present study was to show that a clinical trial designed to test a prior hypothesis against an arbitrary threshold of confidence may recruit too many participants, wasting scarce research dollars and exposing participants to research unnecessarily. Methods: We used data from a recent RCT powered for traditional rules of statistical significance. The data were also used for an economic analysis to show the intervention led to cost savings and improved health outcomes. Adoption represented a good investment for decision-makers. We examined the effect of reducing the trial’s sample size on the results of the statistical hypothesis-testing analysis and the conclusions that would be drawn by decision-makers reading the economic analysis. Results: As the sample size reduced it became more likely that the null hypothesis of no difference in the primary outcome between groups would fail to be rejected. For decision-makers reading the economic analysis, reducing the sample size had little effect on the conclusion about whether to adopt the intervention. There was always high probability the intervention reduced costs and improved health. Conclusions: Decision makers managing health services are largely invariant to the sample size of the primary trial and the arbitrary p-value of 0.05. If the goal is to make a good decision about whether the intervention should be adopted widely, then that could have been achieved with a much smaller trial. It is plausible that hundreds of millions of research dollars are wasted each year recruiting more participants than required for RCTs.
Parents’ personality and maternal experiences in childcare as predictors of postpartum depression in couples in transition to parenthood
Authors: Kaźmierczak Maria , Michałek-Kwiecień Justyna , Kiełbratowska Bogumiła , Karasiewicz Karol 
Published: August 2018

Cel pracyAnaliza wzajemnych zależności pomiędzy pięcioma globalnymi wymiarami osobowości obojga rodziców i doświadczeniami matek w zakresie karmienia dziecka / opieki nad nim oraz ustalenie ich roli jako predyktorów tendencji do doświadczenia symptomów depresji poporodowej.MetodaZbadano 223 pary oczekujące narodzin pierwszego dziecka (I etap), z czego 143 pary w około pięć miesięcy po porodzie (II etap). Zastosowano Inwentarz Osobowości NEO-FFI, Edynburską Skalę Depresji Poporodowej (EPDS) oraz Skalę Matka i Dziecko (MBAS).WynikiWyniki w EPDS były powiązane w parach. Mierzona przed narodzinami dziecka neurotyczność obojga rodziców wiązała się z wyższymi wskaźnikami depresji poporodowej w ocenie własnej i partnera/ki. Neurotyczność kobiet negatywnie wiązała się z ogólną pewnością siebie matek w opiece nad niemowlęciem i postrzeganą przez matki pozytywną czujnością dziecka w czasie karmienia (związaną też z wyższą ekstrawersją kobiet). Ogólna pewność siebie matek w opiece nad niemowlęciem negatywnie wiązała się z depresją poporodową u obojga partnerów. Postrzegana czujność dziecka oraz ogólna pewność siebie matki były istotnymi mediatorami związku neurotyczności matek (i ich ekstrawersji w przypadku czujności) ze wskaźnikiem w EPDS u kobiet. Podobieństwo partnerów pod względem neurotyczności wiązało się gorszą oceną funkcjonowania matek (wyższe wskaźniki w EPDS, brak pewności siebie), zaś podobieństwo w zakresie otwartości na doświadczenie ujemnie korelowało z EPDS u ojców, a dodatnio z ogólną pewnością siebie matki.WnioskiZłożone powiązania pomiędzy wskaźnikami depresji poporodowej a wymiarami osobowości kobiet i mężczyzn oraz doświadczeniami matki wskazują na konieczność uwzględniania ojców i par w badaniach. Oferowanie spotkań z konsultantami laktacyjnymi może być istotnym elementem systemu wsparcia młodych rodziców.