bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Porous Titanium-Coated and Plasma-Sprayed Acetabular Shells
Authors: Lindgren Viktor , Galea Vincent P. , Nebergall Audrey , Greene Meridith E. , Rolfson Ola , Malchau Henrik ,   the Multicenter Writing Committee
Published: October 2018

Background:
New materials in cementless total hip arthroplasty are continuously introduced into clinical practice. The objective of this study was to compare the radiographic and clinical performances of acetabular shells made with porous titanium coating (PTC) and plasma-sprayed titanium (PS).

Methods:
Data from a prospective multicenter study monitoring PTC and PS shells were analyzed. Three hundred and eighty patients (191 with PTC and 189 with PS) with postoperative (within 10 months after the operation) and 5-year radiographs were available for assessment of radiographic outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). A radiolucent distance between the cup and acetabulum of ≥0.5 mm was defined as a gap if it was found on a postoperative radiograph and as a radiolucency if it was found on a later follow-up radiograph for the first time.

Results:
Postoperative gaps were more common with the PS shell (40% versus 24%, p < 0.001). However, a higher percentage of the gaps in the PTC group persisted at 5 years (56% versus 4%, p < 0.001). At 5 years, 23% of the PTC shells had a radiolucency versus 5% of the PS shells (p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed a 5.2-fold increase in the odds for radiolucency with the PTC shell (p < 0.001). No patient underwent revision surgery due to acetabular component loosening within the study period. A PTC shell was the only factor associated with the risk of pain in a logistic regression model (odds ratio = 2.0, p = 0.035).

Conclusions:
PTC shells were associated with more patient-reported pain and a higher risk of radiolucency and a persistent gap at 5 years compared with the PS shells, although these outcomes were not related to each other. The clinical relevance of the radiographic findings is unclear as no prostheses were revised because of loosening, but the findings warrant additional follow-up studies.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Retrieval Findings of Recalled Dual-Taper Hips
Authors: Di Laura Anna , Hothi Harry S. , Henckel Johann , Kwon Young-Min , Skinner John A. , Hart Alister J. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The recent high-profile recalls of several dual-taper hip designs pose questions regarding why those designs perform poorly. We aimed to characterize taper damage in 1 recalled design to understand failure mechanisms to inform surgeons on which patients should be considered at risk of revision and when to revise.

Methods:
High-precision measurement equipment was used to characterize the metal loss from the neck-stem interface of 116 retrieved Rejuvenate femoral stems (Stryker Howmedica Osteonics) revised because of an adverse reaction to metal debris. Head-neck taper surfaces were also investigated, and clinical and laboratory data were examined.

Results:
The neck-stem junction of each implant was moderately to severely corroded and showed a characteristic wear pattern on both male and female taper surfaces. The severity of taper damage was positively correlated with time to revision (coefficient, 0.040 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.028 to 0.051]; p < 0.0001) and with serum cobalt concentration (coefficient, 0.02 [95% CI, 0.01 to 0.02]; p < 0.0001) and serum chromium concentration (coefficient, 0.04 [95% CI, 0.009 to 0.070]; p = 0.0142).

Conclusions:
A forensic examination of the retrieved components that failed secondary to an adverse reaction to metal debris showed, in all cases, visible corrosion. Of the implant and patient factors investigated, we did not identify any predictors of corrosion. The severity of damage was found to increase with time; cobalt was significantly elevated over chromium.

Clinical Relevance:
Surgeons should scrupulously follow and consider revision for patients with this implant design to avoid extensive tissue excision. Blood metal ion tests may aid in identifying the mechanisms of taper corrosion.
Opioid Consumption After Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Wojahn Robert D. , Bogunovic Ljiljana , Brophy Robert H. , Wright Rick W. , Matava Matthew J. , Green John R. , Zalomek Corinne A. , Haas Amanda K. , Holloway Wendy L. , Garofoli Elizabeth A. , Smith Matthew V. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The opioid epidemic in the United States has placed increased pressure on physicians to engage in responsible opioid prescribing practices. However, surgeons currently have little information to guide their postoperative prescription decision-making. The purpose of this study was to assess opioid consumption after knee arthroscopy and identify preoperative factors that may predict higher opioid usage.

Methods:
A prospective observational study of 221 patients was conducted in patients undergoing outpatient knee arthroscopy for meniscal repair, partial meniscectomy, debridement, chondroplasty, or loose body removal. Participants recorded their daily opioid consumption in a postoperative pain diary. Total opioid consumption was calculated from counts of remaining pills at the 2-week and 6-week postoperative office visits. Variables, including age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, preoperative pain severity and duration, preoperative opioid usage, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scores, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, were evaluated for an association with opioid consumption.

Results:
Total opioid consumption ranged from 0 to 188 pills, with a median of 7 pills (hydrocodone 5-mg equivalents). Forty-six percent of patients took ≤5 pills, 59% took ≤10 pills, and 81% took ≤20 pills. Fifty-six percent of patients had discontinued opioid usage by the third postoperative day. Eighty-eight percent of patients had surplus opioid medication at the time of the final follow-up. Patients undergoing meniscal repair, smokers, and those taking preoperative opioids were significantly more likely to take ≥20 pills (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The median number of pills taken after knee arthroscopy is 7, with the majority of patients consuming ≤20 pills. Meniscal repair, smoking, and preoperative opioid usage were associated with higher postoperative opioid consumption.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Joint Editorial: Invigorating hydrological research through journal publications
Authors: Quinn Nevil , Blöschl Günter , Bárdossy András , Castellarin Attilio , Clark Martyn , Cudennec Christophe , Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Lall Upmanu , Lichner Lubomir , Parajka Juraj , Peters-Lidard Christa D. , Sander Graham , Savenije Hubert , Smettem Keith , Vereecken Harry , Viglione Alberto , Willems Patrick , Wood Andy , Woods Ross , Xu Chong-Yu , Zehe Erwin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Editors of several journals in the field of hydrology met during the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union – EGU in Vienna in April 2017. This event was a follow-up of similar meetings held in 2013 and 2015. These meetings enable the group of editors to review the current status of the journals and the publication process, and to share thoughts on future strategies. Journals were represented at the 2017 meeting by their editors, as shown in the list of authors. The main points on invigorating hydrological research through journal publications are communicated in this joint editorial published in the journals listed here.
Beyond reasonable drought: hotspots reveal a link between the ‘Big Dry’ and cryptosporidiosis in Australia's Murray Darling Basin
Authors: Lal Aparna , Konings Paul 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere is little evidence on how the health impacts of drought vary spatially and temporally. With a focus on waterborne cryptosporidiosis, we identify spatio-temporal hotspots and by using interrupted time series analysis, examine the impact of Australia's Big Dry (2001–2009) in these disease clusters in the Murray Darling Drainage Basin. Analyses revealed a statistically significant hotspot in the north of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and a hotspot in the north-eastern end of the basin in Queensland. After controlling for long-term trend and seasonality in cryptosporidiosis, interrupted time series analysis of reported cases in these hotspots indicated a statistically significant link with the Big Dry. In both areas, the end of the Big Dry was associated with a lower risk of reported cryptosporidiosis; in the ACT, the estimated relative risk (RR) was 0.16 (95% confidence interval: 0.07; 0.33), and in Queensland the RR was 0.42 (95% confidence interval: 0.19; 0.42). Although these data do not establish a causal association, this research highlights the potential for drought-related health risks.
Helophyte mats (wetland roofs) with high evapotranspiration rates as a tool for decentralised rainwater management – process stability improved by simultaneous greywater treatment
Authors: Zehnsdorf Andreas , Blumberg Michael , Müller Roland A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Redensification of the housing stock is also creating challenges for the drainage of wastewater and rainwater in existing sewer systems, particularly in growing cities. One alternative here is the evaporation of rainwater, which reduces hydraulic loads on sewers. Rainwater evapotranspiration using helophyte mats on building roofs is a possible approach. Helophytes are able to transpire considerably more rainwater than extensively planted green roofs. Other than conventional green roofs helophyte mats in the form of wetland roofs require a permanent water supply on a daily basis. Greywater application can be an additional advantage in terms of nutrient supply of the wetland roof after being treated microbiologically within the plant carrier mat. The treatment of greywater using a helophyte-planted roof can help to meet the water and nutrient requirements of the helophytes even during rain-free periods. However, it must be ensured that the root mat treats the greywater to a sufficient extent. It was shown under practical conditions that a 0.1 m-thick helophyte mat is suitable for treating typical domestic greywater at loads of up to 15 L m−2 d−1.
Theoretical evaluation of concentration time and storage coefficient with their application to major dam basins in Korea
Authors: Yoo Chulsang , Lee Jiho , Cho Eunsaem 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study theoretically evaluated the basin concentration time and storage coefficient with their empirical formulas available worldwide. The evaluation results were also validated in the application to major dam basins in Korea. The findings are summarized as follows. As a result of analytical analysis, the concentration time was found to be proportional to the main channel length under laminar flow conditions and to the square of it under turbulent flow conditions, but inversely proportional to the channel slope. It was also found that the storage coefficient and the concentration time are linearly but loosely related. Most empirical formulas for the concentration time concurred with the basic equation form, but just a few for the storage coefficient. Applications to major dam basins in Korea also showed that the concentration time agrees well with the result of theoretical analysis. However, the behavior of the storage coefficient varied much, basin by basin, indicating that additional factors may be needed to explain it.
Preparation of oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride and its visible-light photocatalytic performance on bisphenol A degradation
Authors: Tang Rong , Ding Renli , Xie Xianchuan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A novel metal-free oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride (O-g-C3N4) was synthesized by the pre-treatment of bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and combined with high-temperature calcination treatment. The obtained 2-O-g-C3N4 catalyst exhibits high activity in visible light photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) with a mineralization rate as high as 62.3%. According to the characterization results of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and photoluminescence spectroscopy analyses, the markedly higher visible-light-driven oxidation activity of 2-O-g-C3N4 is attributed to the larger specific surface area, wider range of light responses and low charge recombination rate. Moreover, the trapping experiment shows that superoxide radicals (•O2−) are the dominant active species in the BPA decomposition process over 2-O-g-C3N4. This study presents a simple and environment-friendly method to synthesise oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride.
Kinetics of sulfide precipitation with ferrous and ferric iron in wastewater
Authors: Kiilerich Bruno , Nielsen Asbjørn H. , Vollertsen Jes 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTraditionally, sulfide abatement has been done by adding e.g. ferrous or ferric iron salts to the start of sewer force mains. Iron dosage must hence correspond to an estimate of how much sulfide will form while the wastewater stays in the main, which is not straightforward. Adding iron salts at the end of the main has the advantage that the exact amount of sulfide to precipitate, in principle, can be known. A drawback is that the reaction time is short compared to start-of-pipe treatment. Sulfide precipitation rates and the concentration of sulfide left after the process had run to completion were measured using an online hydrogen sulfide probe to resolve the fast precipitation reaction. Experiments were conducted in anaerobic wastewaters spiked with sulfide, and carried out under different pH conditions and with various iron-to-sulfide ratios. Sulfide precipitation rates were demonstrated to be faster with Fe(III) than with Fe(II). Experiments furthermore showed that for Fe(III), pH was the controlling parameter, whereas for Fe(II) both pH and the iron-to-sulfide ratio were important. Proposed are model equations to predict variables for the rate equations, which can be adopted by practitioners dealing with sulfide abatement.
Adsorption of chlortetracycline onto biochar derived from corn cob and sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Zhang Lin , Tong Lei , Zhu Pengguang , Huang Peng , Tan Zhengyu , Qin Fangling , Shi Wen , Wang Mengyun , Nie Han , Yan Guicheng , Huang Hongtao 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Biochar was prepared from two different types of biological waste materials, corn cob (CC) and sugarcane bagasse (SB). The adsorption capacity of each class of adsorbent was determined by chlortetracycline (CTC) adsorption tests. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of chlortetracycline onto sugarcane bagasse biochar (SBB) and corn cob biochar (CCB) were studied. Experimental results indicated that pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics of CTC onto SBB and CCB were more reasonable than pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the adsorption kinetic model of CTC onto SBB was slightly better than that onto CCB. The maximum adsorption capacity of CTC onto SBB was 16.96 mg/g at pH 4, while the highest adsorption efficiency of CTC onto CCB was achieved at pH 5 with a maximum adsorption of 12.39 mg/g. The Freundlich isotherm model was better than the Langmuir model at illustrating the adsorption process of CTC onto SBB and CCB. These results provide a way to understand the value of specific biochars, which can be used as efficient and effective adsorbents for CTC removal from waste-water. Compared with raw pinewood, SBB and CBB were considered as alternative materials to remove antibiotics from aqueous environments.
Assessing the negative impact of an aquaculture farm on effluent water quality in Itacuruba, Pernambuco, Brazilian semiarid region
Authors: Marques Érika Alves Tavares , da Silva Gérsica Moraes Nogueira , de Oliveira Cláudia Ricardo , Cunha Maristela Casé Costa , Sobral Maria do Carmo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study was conducted at a fish farm in Itacuruba, located in the Brazilian semiarid region. Its objective was to quantify the impacts of aquaculture on water quality by comparing effluent and inlet water, particularly in relation to CONAMA Resolution 430 (2011) limits. Regarding the effluent, electrical conductivity, total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen presented values above the limits, other parameters complied with the mentioned legislation. During the dry period, the effluent's TP values were 447% higher than the inlet water and 473% above the Resolution limit. During the wet period, TP concentration in the inlet water increased 1,000% while the effluent exceeded legislation limits by 1,175%. Based on these results, treatment of effluent from fish farms in accordance with legislation prior to its release into the receiving water body is recommended, thereby minimizing eutrophication risk for the local population, guaranteeing food security, reducing impacts to public health and aquatic biota and favoring the sustainability of the enterprise. Due to limited water resources, it is especially necessary to adopt better management practices that minimize the negative impacts of aquaculture activities.
Thyroid Volume and Doppler Indices of the Inferior Thyroid Artery in Clinically Euthyroid Adults in Kashmir
Authors: Salroo Imran Nazir , Lone Nasir Ahmad , Bashir Musharaf 
Published: September 2018

The objective of the research was to evaluate thyroid volume and spectral indices (the resistivity index, the pulsatility index and the peak systolic velocity) in normal euthyroid adults in Kashmir. Materials and methods. There was carried out a prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital; 182 normal euthyroid adults (102 males and 80 females) were included in the study. Thyroid gland volume was calculated from grey-scale ultrasound images followed by spectral Doppler evaluation of the bilateral inferior thyroid arteries; the resistivity index, the pulsatility index and the peak systolic velocity were calculated for the bilateral inferior thyroid arteries with calculation of the mean values. Results. The mean thyroid volume was 7.8±1.9 ml with no significant difference in males and females. The mean peak systolic velocity obtained was 15.65±6.5 cm/s. The mean pulsatility index and resistivity index were 0.95±0.29 and 0.58±0.13, respectively. There was no significant difference in the values obtained among both genders, and no significant difference was seen in values of the right and left inferior thyroid arteries. Conclusions. The study showed no significant difference in the indices of thyroid volume and the inferior thyroid arteries measured by Doppler ultrasonography in euthyroid adult males and females. As thyroid vascularity is altered in many thyroid pathologies, the study will serve as the baseline for the evaluation of thyroid volume and Doppler parameters in patients with altered thyroid function.
Відхаркувальна терапія при гострих респіраторних інфекціях у дітей
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babich V.L. , Tokareva N.M. 
Published: October 2018

В огляді літератури подані сучасні відомості про застосування відхаркувальної терапії при гострих респіраторних інфекціях у дітей. Для написання статті здійснювався пошук інформації з використанням баз даних Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, CyberLeninka, «Російський індекс наукового цитування». Акцентовано увагу на важливості вибору препарату для патогенетичної терапії кашлю в дитини з урахуванням ефективності й безпечності лікарського засобу. На підставі проведеного інформаційного пошуку систематизовані дані щодо фармакологічних властивостей і доказової бази клінічної ефективності, переносимості й безпеки застосування при лікуванні гострих респіраторних інфекцій у дітей одного з ефективних відхаркувальних засобів рефлекторної дії рослинного походження — препарату сухого екстракту листя плюща звичайного Пектолван Плющ (Pectolvan hedera helix).
Применение озоно-кислородной смеси у больных острым билиарным панкреатитом с желчной гипертензией
Authors: Susak Ya.M. , Tsimbalyuk R.S. , Deneka Ye.R. , Maksymenko M.V. , Tyulyukin I.O. 
Published: October 2018

Цель: усовершенствовать хирургическое лечение больных острым билиарным панкреатитом с желчной гипертензией путем применения индивидуального подхода к выбору декомпрессионной технологии в ранней фазе заболевания и ранней профилактики инфекционных осложнений с использованием озоно-кислородной смеси. Материалы и методы. В исследование были привлечены 70 пациентов (22 мужчины и 48 женщин) с острым билиарным панкреатитом и желчной гипертензией разных возрастных групп (средний возраст — 57,2 года). У всех пациентов билиарное происхождение панкреатита диагностировано в соответствии с критериями, предложенными Голландской исследовательской группой по изучению панкреатита. Во всех случаях применен усовершенствованный алгоритм хирургического лечения, который предусматривал индивидуальный подход к выбору декомпрессионной технологии в первые 72 ч после первичного приступа абдоминальной боли независимо от срока госпитализации в клинику. Больных распределили на две группы. В первой группе (n = 32) после устранения билиарной гипертензии проводили профилактику инфекционных осложнений путем эндобилиарного введения озоно-кислородной смеси, растворенной в 0,9 NaCl, с концентрацией озона 2–4 мкг/мл, во второй группе (n = 38) профилактику не применяли. Для выявления возможного повреждающего действия озоно-кислородной смеси на желчный проток нами исследован пузырный проток у 12 больных острым билиарным панкреатитом с желчной гипертензией, у которых удалили желчный пузырь в острый период заболевания. Результаты. Проведены 49 фибро­гастродуоденоскопий с эндоскопической папиллосфинктеротомией и лито­экстракцией, 10 перкутанных чреспеченочных пункционных дренирований, 13 лапароскопических холецистэктомий с внешним дренированием внепеченочных желчных протоков (у 5 пациентов выполнена лапароскопическая холедохоскопия с литоэкстракцией). Некротические формы острого панкреатита развились у 11 (34,37 %) пациентов первой группы, из них у 5 (45,45 %) произошло инфицирование. Средняя длительность лечения составила 14,5 суток, летальность — 6,25 %. Во второй группе некротические формы острого панкреатита развились у 15 (39,47 %) пациентов, из них у 7 (46,6 %) произошло инфицирование. Средняя длительность лечения составила 16,46 суток, летальность — 10,5 %. Выводы. Применение ранней профилактики инфекционных осложнений у больных острым билиарным панкреатитом с желчной гипертензией в сочетании с выполнением декомпрессионных оперативных вмешательств для ликвидации желчной гипертензии в первые 72 ч от начала заболевания позволяет уменьшить частоту развития некротических и инфицированных форм, тяжесть заболевания, уровень летальности и длительность пребывания в стационаре, in vitro не вызывает альтеративных, дистрофических или дегенеративных изменений как на клеточном, так и на тканевом уровне во всех структурах стенки ductus cysticus.