bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A REVIEW ON DISSOCIATIVE PERSPECTIVE OF ATTENTION AND CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: Agarwal Aarushi , Patel Ajeet , Singh Tara , Tiwari Trayambak , Lata Singh Anju 
Published: October 2019

Purpose of the study: To answer the two existing controversies regarding attention and consciousness as brain processes. 1) Can one be aware of objects or events without attending to it? 2) Can one attend to objects or events without being aware of it? And also how top-down attention and awareness have opposing functions.
Methodology: This article is a systematic review of the relationship between visual attention and awareness. An extensive elaborate study on concepts relating to attention and consciousness dissociation has been done. In this article we also narrow it down to experimental design that requires independent manipulation of each. Which include top-down attention and awareness aspect of consciousness?
Main Findings: Many researches have been put forward supporting the independent nature of attention from awareness using sophisticated experimental and physiological shreds of evidence. On the other hand, some researches still stick to the contemporary common-sense notion of no awareness no attention. Our evaluation suggests an independent nature of attention and awareness.
Application: This article intends to give a clear perspective of the ongoing debate on the relationship between attention and consciousness. Simplification of both umbrella terms will give basis for building more empirical evidence.
Novelty: Further, this article put forward studies on both sides of debate aiming to bridge the gap to get a conclusive outlook in the future.
Choroidal thickness, ganglion cell complex, and photoreceptor outer segment length evaluation in patients receiving tamoxifen therapy by spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: bolukbasi selim , Gursel Ozge Kandemir , Cakir Akin , Erden Burak , Karatas Gamze 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
To evaluate choroidal thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) and photoreceptor outer segment length were measured in patients with breast cancer undergoing tamoxifen therapy, using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT); results were compared with those for normal eyes.

Methods
Forty-four patients with breast cancer, undergoing tamoxifen therapy, and 41 healthy controls were included in this prospective, comparative study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation and SD-OCT. Subfoveal, nasal (nasal distance to fovea 500, 1000, 1500 μm), and temporal (temporal distance to fovea 500, 1000, 1500 μm) choroidal thickness measurements were performed using the enhanced depth imaging mode of SD-OCT. Using an Early Treatment Diagnostic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) circle at the macular level, the automated retinal segmentation software was applied to determine the thickness of the GCC. The photoreceptor outer segment (PROS) length was determined manually, as the distance from the inner surface of the ellipsoid zone to the inner surface of retina pigment epithelium.

Results
The mean choroidal thickness was statistically greater in the tamoxifen group than controls in all quadrants ( p < 0.001 for all quadrants). Of all tamoxifen users (44 eyes of 44 patients), 33 eyes (75%) had UCP. Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) was detected in five tamoxifen-group patients (11.3%). Patients with PPE in one eye had UCP in the fellow eye. Central serous chorioretinopathy findings were observed in one patient. Tamoxifen users had statistically lower GCC thickness in all inner rings of the ETDRS inlay and in the nasal outer ring only ( p = 0.027, 0.002, 0.002, 0.001, and 0.030, respectively). No statistically significant difference in mean subfoveal PROS length was found between the groups.
Conclusions
SD-OCT provides valuable information for identifying structural changes and evaluating ocular findings in patients receiving tamoxifen therapy. Increased choroidal thickness, PPE and thinning GCC were detected in tamoxifen users. These OCT findings may be an early indicator of retinal toxicity for patients undergoing tamoxifen therapy in the follow-up period.

Keywords
tamoxifen retinopathy, choroidal thickness, ganglion cell complex, PROS, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
Diagnostic value of Telomerase Activity in patients with Bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test
Authors: Peng Lei , Li Jinze , Ren ZhengJu , Cao Hong De , He Lujia , Wei Qiang , Li yunxiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase activity (TA) for bladder cancer (BC) by meta-analysis.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search of studies published on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 1, 2019. We used Stata 15 and Review Manager 5.3 for calculations and statistical analysis.
Results: To evaluate the diagnostic value of TA for BC, we performed a meta-analysis on 22 studies, with a total of 2867 individuals, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The pooled parameters were calculated from all studies and we found a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72 – 0.84), a specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.94), a PLR of 8.91 (95% CI: 5.91–13.43), an NLR of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15–0.37), a DOR of 37.90 (95% CI: 23.32–61.59), and an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94). We also conducted a subgroup analysis based on the different stages and grades of BC. Results from the subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in TA in either high and low stages of BC, but that low-grade tumours had a lower TA than high-grade tumours.
Conclusions: In BC, there is a high overall diagnostic value for TA, and this could provide an alternative to cystoscopy for staging and grading of tumours. The tumor characteristics also showed a good diagnostic value
Neonatal Mortality And Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted In Public Hospitals, Afar Pastoral Region: A Health Facility Based Study
Authors: woday abay , Mekuria Yohannes , Denis Christine St 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Neonatal mortality is a public health issue in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. Unfortunately, the issue is noticeably under-reported and underestimated, so the true gravity of the situation cannot be acknowledged. Subsequently, Afar in Ethiopia contributes the largest burden of under-five mortality when compared to other regions in the country. Regrettably, there is no current information to the rates and predictors of neonatal mortality for the region even for the health facilities. Thus, this study aims to assess neonatal mortality and associated factors in pastoral region, Afar region.
Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May 1st 2015 - May 2nd 2019. Medical records were reviewed and audited for both mothers and neonates to collect data using a standardized data extraction checklist. The medical records were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Binary logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% Confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between neonatal mortality and associated factors. Finally, the statistical significance level was declared at a p-value <0.05.
Results: In this study, 391 medical records of neonates were included with the data complete rate of 97.02%. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 14.6% (95% CI 11.0%-18.4%) with mortality rate of 35.5 per 1000 live births. A multivariable logistic regression showed that the lack of antenatal care (ANC) follow up (AOR = 5.92; 95%CI 2.34, 14.97: P<0.001), giving birth through cesarean section (AOR=3.52; 95%CI 1.22, 10.12: P<0.05), giving birth through assisted delivery (AOR=3.28 (1.14, 9.46): P<0.05), having a temperature less than 36.5oC within the first hour of admission (AOR= 5.89; 95%CI 2.32, 14.94: P<0.001), and perinatal asphyxia (AOR= 6.67; 95%CI 2.35, 18.89: P<0.001) were signiﬁcantly associated with neonatal mortality.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the rate of neonatal mortality is still too high compared to the studies conducted in non-pastoral regions of the nation. Thus, the health facilities should give due attention to improve antenatal care, neonatal resuscitation and follow the standard of care protocol for admitted neonates. Additional community based studies supported with qualitative methods are recommended.
Experience with indolecarbinol used to treat mastopathy
Authors: Khiyaeva V. A. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose. Determine efficacy of a drug in patients with pain syndrome in mastopathy. Objectives. Evaluate the efficacy of the drug by measuring its effect on the pain intensity in the mammary glands, tissue density of the mammary glands, changes in size of existing cysts and fibroadenomas performed after 3and 6-month administration of the drug, and 12-month discontinuation of treatment, provided that the prophylactic 3-month course of Indinol Forto was taken.Material and methods. We examined 60 patients, who applied to the Breast Pathology Department of the National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakova, and complained of pain in the mammary glands, mainly in the second phase of the menstrual period. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 55 years (median, 36.3 years).Results: 3-month use of the drug showed a decrease in pain intensity in half of the patients (51%), a decrease in palpation density in 58% of patients, a decrease in cyst size in 24 patients, a decrease in echo density in 27% of patients. The size of fibroadenodoimas did not change in 100% of cases. The drug showed efficacy in all age groups. During the control examination (third visit), a decrease in pain intensity was observed in 85% of patients 6 months later. Palpation density decreased in 70% of patients. The size of cysts and fibroadenomas did not change in comparison with the third visit. Echo density of the tissue decreased in 55% of women. 3 (5%) of 60 patients refused to take the drug during the 4th month, due to dyspeptic disorders, 2 (3%) patients of reproductive age complained of lengthening of the menstrual period also after the 4th month of taking the drug. No recurrence of the disease was detected as a result of a 6-month follow-up of 11 patients receiving Indinol Forto after surgical treatment of fibroadenomas. 57 patients made the fourth visit 12 months later. All patients received a preventive 3-month course of Indinol Forto. 17 (30%) patients had no pain in the mammary glands no longer. 18 patients reported a periodic pain in the mammary glands. 38% of women reported that soreness was rare and completely absent while taking the drug. 11 patients showed no recurrence of fibroadenomas after surgery. There was no significant change in the size of fibroadenomas in non-operated patients. Slight cystic growth was reported in two patients. After 12 months, punctured cysts did not exceed 1 cm in diameter in six patients, who underwent medical and diagnostic puncture of large cysts. The scheduled mammography and ultrasound imaging showed a steady decrease in echographic and mammographic density.
Nopal (Opuntia spp.) and its Effects on Metabolic Syndrome: New Insights for the Use of a Millenary Plant
Authors: Angulo-Bejarano Paola Isabel , Gómez-García María del Rocío , Valverde Maria Elena , Paredes-López Octavio 
Published: October 2019

Background:Nopal (Opuntia spp.) is by excellence the most utilized cactus in human and animal nutrition. It is also a very noble plant; its main physicochemical, nutritional and nutraceutical characteristics allow the use of nopal in diverse food applications. Special focus has been given over the past decades in the use of Opuntia for the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is predominantly related to Diabetes Mellitus. In this sense, the prevalence of MetS is increasing at a worldwide level. This in turn has led to a notorious demand for natural and nutraceutical food sources.Methods:The objective of this work was to summarize the main contributions in the field of Opuntia spp. research highlighting the potential use of nopal fruits or cladodes in MetS treatment, providing the reader with historical and novel information in this field. Nevertheless, the present work is not a meta-analysis. We included mainly information from recognized scientific databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. No homeopathic based studies were included since they lack scientific validation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review that fairly categorizes the majority of the information in this field into subsections, which can be of interest for the reader, such as the effect of nopal against cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity among others.Conclusion:Nopal constitutes one of the most studied members of the Cactaceae family; its potential effects on human health have been described since ancient times, mostly through traditional medicine. The present work highlights the importance of this plant in the treatment of MetS related maladies and points out the importance of elucidating new compounds and their validation for the interactions of nutraceutical compounds which could be related to MetS.
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Anti-Pit Agent for Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Medium
Authors: Kumar Harish , Dhanda Tilak 
Published: October 2019

Aim:
Pitting corrosion is a very serious problem for mild steel when it comes in
contact with the dilute sulfuric acid medium. Specialized corrosion inhibitors are essentially
required to minimize pitting and uniform types of corrosion in mild steel.

Background:
Most of the corrosion inhibitors discovered so far protects the mild steel from
uniform type of corrosion. But pitting corrosion is more fatal than a uniform type of corrosion
because it immediately makes mild steel unfit for use as leakage starts from the pit.

Objective:
The objective was to protect the mild steel alloys from pitting corrosion when
comes in contact with dilute sulfuric acid by the use of organic corrosion inhibitor.

Methods:
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) is tested as a corrosion inhibitor
for mild steel in 0.1 N H2SO4 as corroding medium at 25.0, 30.0 and 35.0°C by weight
loss, electrochemical polarization, and Impedance spectroscopy methods. Surface study of
corroded and un-corroded specimens of mild steel was carried out by Metallurgical Research
Microscopy (MRM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques.

Results:
Surface study confirms that the adsorption of CTAB takes place through nitrogen
atom resulting in the formation of uniform, nonporous, passive film confirmed by decrease
in Warburg Impedance (Zw), decrease in Faradaic current, increase in Capacitive current,
an increase in charge transfer resistance, Rct (41 to 401 Ω cm2) and significant increase in
capacitive loop in Nyquist plot with increase in concentration of CTAB which results in
significant decrease in corrosion rate of mild steel in 0.1N H2SO4 medium (percentage corrosion
inhibition efficiency: 95.0%) especially eradicating pitting type of corrosion.

Conclusion:
CTAB was proved to be a very good anti-pit agent for mild steel in 0.1N sulfuric
acid medium. Pitting and uniform type of corrosion was significantly reduced by the
use of CTAB as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in the dilute sulfuric acid medium at
25.0, 30.0 and 35.0°C.
Photocatalytic Activities, Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherm Studies of CeO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Low Temperature Combustion Method
Authors: Yadav Lakshmi Sagar Reddy , Thippeswamy Ramakrishnappa , Shekarappa Pratibha , Kempegowda Raghu Gunigollahalli , Ganganagappa Nagaraju 
Published: October 2019

Background:We synthesized cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) via green synthesis method mediated with Rajma seeds powder as a fuel and cerium nitrate as an oxidizer.Objective:The obtained cerium oxide nanoparticles are used to study the various environ mental appilications.Methods:The achieved CeO2 nanoparticles are tested using PXRD (Powder X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), electron microscopic studies including SEM, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy. Formation of agglomerated cubic phased CeO2 nanoparticles were confirmed from both PXRD and SEM.Results:The average crystallite size of CeO2 nanoparticles was found to be 38 nm calculated from highly intense peak using Debye-Scherer’s formula. The characteristic Ce-O stretching was confirmed by FTIR and Raman studies. CeO2 nanoparticles are promising material for the organic dye degradation. Photocatalytic activities evaluation under various parameters like sunlight, UV light and variation of PH, catalytic dosage etc. CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit highly enhanced photo degradation of Methylene Blue dye. Kinetics and isotherm models of Photocatalysis were studied.Conclusion:We have prepared CeO2 nanoparticles by low-temperature combustion technique using Rajma germinated and Rajma non- germinated seeds as fuel. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of cubicphase CeO2 nanoparticles. The existence of Ce-O vibration is confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectra of the CeO2 nanoparticles. The UV-Visible spectra of CeO2 nanoparticles reveal the absorbance band range at 350-390 nm. SEM images of CeO2 nanoparticles indicates the agglomerated with irregular morphology. CeO2 nanoparticles are favorable material for the organic Methylene blue dye degradation. The different amount of the Rajma influences improved Photodegradation of cerium oxide nanoparticles was characteristics of slight crystal dimension, new superficial deficiencies, more band hole and ability to make smaller the electron-hole pair rearrangement. Adsorption kinetics results show that adsorption of MB over cerium oxide follows pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetics. Using the Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm, maximum adsorption capacity is calculated. Thus it can be used as attractively recoverable nano adsorbent for the removal of MB dye by adsorption technique from effluent water.
Pembelajaran Seni Budaya Melalui Model Pembelajaran Team Assissted Individualization (TAI) / Bantuan Individual Dalam Kelompok (Bidak)
Authors: Endarti Rus 
Published: October 2019

Proses pembelajaran Seni Budaya pada kompetensi dasar pameran dan pergelaran seni budaya di SMK Negeri 2 Godean tidak lepas dari beberapa permasalahan di antaranya minimnya kemampuan awal peserta didik dalam bidang seni yang dibawa dari jenjang pendidikan sebelumnya, yaitu hanya satu bidang seni dari keempat bidang seni dalam seni budaya. Sesungguhnya, hal itu menjadi permasalahan tersendiri bagi guru seni budaya karena outcome perguruan tinggi yang mencetak sumber daya guru hanya menyiapkan program studi yang spesifik pada satu bidang seni. Padahal, kebutuhan untuk menjawab tuntutan kurikulum sekolah untuk mata pelajaran seni budaya membidangi empat cabang seni, yaitu seni rupa, musik, tari, dan teater. Dengan demikian, hal itu menjadi tantangan tersendiri untuk terciptanya proses pembelajaran seni budaya yang baik. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, diperlukan suatu solusi dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang tepat, yaitu model pembelajaran Team Assissted Individualization (TAI)/Bantuan Individual dalam Kelompok (BIDAK) pada siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 2 Godean. Melalui model pembelajaran ini efektivitas pembelajaran seni budaya dalam empat cabang seni sekaligus meningkat dan pada akhirnya berdampak pada peningkatan prestasi siswa dalam seni budaya dan pengalaman belajar estetis yang sangat berguna bagi kehidupan generasi kelak.
Praktik Berkreasi Hidangan Fusion
Authors: Purwanti Heni 
Published: October 2019

Fusion food lahir sebagai makanan yang merupakan kombinasi atau perpaduan antara dua atau lebih citarasa kuliner yang berbeda. Perpaduan atau kombinasi dalam fusion food akan menghasilkan hidangan baru yang memberikan sensasi dan rasa yang berbeda. Perpaduan yang sering dijumpai adalah dengan memadukan gaya memasak dan cita rasa yang khas dari beberapa Negara ataupun daerah, ada juga dengan cara mengganti bumbu-bumbu khas dari suatu daerah sehingga menghasilkan hidangan dengan komposisi yang berbeda dari biasanya.Menyajikan hidangan fusion food, memerlukan keberanian dalam memadukan dan menggabungkan 2 atau lebih makanan sehingga menghasilkan hidangan yang khas dan unik. Selain padupadan bumbu, macam masakan dan teknik memasak juga membutuhkan teknik khusus dalam penyajian hidangan fusion food. Tampilan hidangan fusion yang menarik dan berbeda dengan yang lain membutuhkan kreativitas dan seni artistik dalam penataan hidangan, dan hal ini membutuhkan ketelitian dan latihan yang tekun dan terus menerus. Hidangan fusion dapat dilakukan dengan cara menampilkan hidangan yang biasa, diberi sentuhan teknik hidang fusion yang luar biasa sehingga menghasilkan hidangan fusion yang sangat luar biasa.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Budiariawan I Putu 
Published: October 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1)mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar kimia siswa. (2) mengetahui dan menjelaskan besarnya koefisien korelasi antara motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar kimia siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 2 Negara tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 72 orang dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner motivasi belajar yang terdiri dari 20 pernyataan positif dan 15 pernyataan negatif dan data hasil belajar siswamenggunakan nilai UAS siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa(1) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran kimia dengan hasil belajar kimia siswa. (2) Besarnya koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 0,391, yang berarti r hitung yang diperoleh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan r tabel yang telah ditentukan pada taraf signifikansi 5% yaitu 0,229, sehingga Hipotesis Nol (H0) dalam penelitian ini dapat ditolak.Berdasarkan hasil pemaparan diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar pada mata pelajaran kimia dengan hasil belajar kimia siswa. Kata kunci: Hasil Belajar, Motivasi Belajar, Pelajaran Kimia AbstractThis study aims to: (1) describe and explain the relationship between learning motivation and student chemistry learning outcomes. (2) knowing and explaining the magnitude of the correlation coefficient between learning motivation and student chemistry learning outcomes. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population of this study was all students of class XI MIPA in SMA Negeri 2 Negara the academic year 2017/2018 and the study sample amounted to 72 people using the cluster sampling technique. The data were collected using the research instrument in the form of a learning motivation questionnaire consisting of 20 positive statements and 15 negative statements and student learning outcomes data using the student UAS value. The results showed that (1) there was a positive and significant relationship between students' learning motivation in chemistry learning and student chemistry learning outcomes. (2) The magnitude of the correlation coefficient obtained is equal to 0.391, which means that the calculated r is greater than the r table that has been determined at the 5% significance level of 0.229, so the Zero Hypothesis (H0) in this study can be rejected. Based on the results of the explanation above, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between motivation to learn on chemistry subjects and student chemistry learning outcomes. Keywords: Chemistry Learning,Learning Outcomes, Learning Motivation