bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain associated with prostaglandin E1‐containing intracavernosal injection medication is associated with poor erectile function recovery after radical prostatectomy
Authors: West Michael , Cordon Billy H. , Ortega Yanira , Narus Joseph , Mulhall John P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntracavernosal injection therapy is often used as second‐line therapy for erectile dysfunction associated with radical prostatectomy when therapy with phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors has failed, but prostaglandin E1‐containing vasoactive agents are associated with penile pain in some men.ObjectivesTo define the incidence of pain with prostaglandin E1‐containing intracavernosal injection mixtures for erectile dysfunction associated with radical prostatectomy when therapy with phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors has failed, and whether pain was a predictor of erectile function recovery.Materials and methodsMen who underwent radical prostatectomy and were commenced on intracavernosal injection within 12 months of radical prostatectomy were included. A pain visual analog scale (0–10) was used to assess the degree of pain. Erectile function recovery was defined as the International Index of Erectile Function domain score ≥24 using phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors at 24 months.ResultsThe study included 566 patients, mean age was 58 ± 14 (42–74) years. Duration post‐radical prostatectomy at intracavernosal injection training was 3.5 ± 3.5 m. Nerve sparing status: bilateral 76%, unilateral 13%, and non‐nerve sparing 11%. Incidence of pain with intracavernosal injection per nerve sparing status: bilateral 10% of patients, unilateral 32%, non‐nerve sparing 92% (p < 0.001). Median visual analog scale in those experiencing pain: bilateral 4 (interquartile range 3, 5), unilateral 5.5 (interquartile range 3, 6), non‐nerve sparing 7 (interquartile range 3, 9) (p < 0.001). Phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors success at 24 months (no pain vs. pain): bilateral 70% vs. 40% (p < 0.001), unilateral 50% vs. 28% (p < 0.001), non‐nerve sparing 10% vs. 0% (p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, predictors of failure to respond to phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors at 24 months post‐radical prostatectomy included baseline erectile function, increasing age, incomplete nerve‐sparing surgery, and presence of pain.DiscussionThe presence of penile pain with intracavernosal injection is associated with poorer erectile function recovery post‐radical prostatectomy.ConclusionsIncidence of pain is high in men with non‐nerve sparing radical prostatectomy; older patient age, poorer nerve sparing, poor baseline erectile function, and the presence of penile pain with prostaglandin E1‐containing intracavernosal injection medication, were predictive of poor erectile function recovery using phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors at 24 months.
Safety concerns of paternal drug exposure on fertility, pregnancy and offspring: An analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Zeng Yanbin , Lin Wanlong , Zhuang Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence indicates that paternal condition significantly influences pregnancy outcomes and offspring health. However, assessing the safety of paternal drug exposure via randomized controlled trials poses ethical challenges, and relevant clinical studies consume a lot of resources to evaluate only a few drugs. Currently, safety data on paternal drug exposure are scarce.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of paternal drug exposure on fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and offspring health.Materials and methodsData from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) were analyzed (2010–2022). Disproportionality analyses were used to identify signals of each drug‐adverse event pair associated with paternal drug exposure in a different hierarchical manner.ResultsOut of the 16,180,533 reports, 3210 were related to paternal exposure, encompassing 7808 concomitant adverse events. Drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and infections were primary sources of paternal exposure. Analysis identified 115 signals concerning reproductive health. Notably, the signals of diazepam‐small for dates baby and finasteride‐cryptorchidism were particularly significant (reporting odds ratio, ROR > 800, N > 10). Moreover, spontaneous abortion signals occur frequently in biologics for the treatment of immune inflammation; the use of immunosuppressive drugs was associated with the highest number of congenital anomalies, with the strongest signals for belatacept‐skeletal dysplasia, and tacrolimus‐talipes. Only mycophenolic acid, estrogen and imatinib have signals on male fertility. Anti‐tumor agents had high numbers of each reproductive toxicity, with the highest values of trisomy 13 signals associated with etoposide and cisplatin.ConclusionsThis is the first research to fully assess the safety of paternal exposure to the majority of medications in terms of reproduction. Clinical and scientific researchers should pay close attention to the list of risk medications included in this study, particularly the following association combinations: biologics used to treat inflammatory diseases—abortion, diazepam—small for date baby, finasteride—cryptorchidism, etoposide and cisplatin‐13 trisomy.
An exploratory study of alternative life experiences in comparison to transcendental near‐death experiences
Authors: King Robert A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe term near‐death experience (NDE) generally refers to a state of altered consciousness that can occur during real or presumed near‐death circumstances and/or life‐threatening incidents. The NDE usually includes the impression of being conscious while out of and/or away from the physical body, often accompanied by other specific features. Furthermore, when the experient has the impression of being in a perceived locality that transcends the observable physical Earth, it is referred to by researchers as a transcendental NDE. Whereas transcendental NDEs have been widely studied, there is also another type of experience that can occur under similar life‐threatening conditions that I refer to as an alternative life experience (ALE), which consists of a perception of living another alternative life where the experient is aware of the self, but does not believe at the time of occurrence that they are either out of or away from their physical body. After providing a total of 15 examples, I note some similarities and differences between ALEs and transcendental NDEs while providing some qualitative and quantitative results, suggesting that ALEs might be similar to some aspects of transcendental NDEs despite their neglect in the study of altered states of consciousness during near‐death circumstances. I further postulate that ALEs might be subjective psychological experiences of dissociation and/or absorption. It is then pointed out that symptoms of derealization are a common ALE aftereffect and so an awareness of that association is stressed as having therapeutic importance.
Counter‐Mapping, Counter‐Histories, and Insurgencies of Subjugated Knowledges in the Fisher Struggle for Ennore Creek
Authors: Jayaraman Nityanand , Bremner Lindsay , Coelho Karen , Kumar Pooja , Kasinathan Saravanan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Ennore wetlands in North Chennai, India were once dense with diverse habitats and interwoven histories. Many of these histories began to unravel from the 1960s onwards, when state‐sponsored heavy industry began encroaching into and polluting the wetlands. Local fishers, whose lives, livelihoods, and cultural worlds were ignored by these changes, fought back in a campaign to reclaim and restore the wetlands. This paper analyses how the Save Ennore Creek Campaign and Ennore fishers used counter‐mapping strategies to reveal the state's wilful suppression of fisher knowledge and worldviews using maps and plans. It draws from decolonial and ignorance studies literatures to analyse the campaign's counter‐maps as cartographic, performative, and affective insurrections of subjugated knowledges and counter‐histories that un‐made the state's maps and plans, exposed the state's knowledge as wilful ignorance and spotlighted geographical knowledge from the margins as a way of remaking reality and opening up possibilities of alternative futures for the creek and its communities.
Cognitive and academic outcomes of large‐for‐gestational‐age babies born at early term: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Poskett Alice , Stracke Marie , Quenby Siobhan , Wolke Dieter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionEarly induction of labor (37+0–38+6 gestational weeks) in large‐for‐gestational‐age infants may reduce perinatal risks such as shoulder dystocia, but it may also increase the long‐term risks of reduced cognitive abilities. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the cognitive and academic outcomes of large‐for‐gestational‐age children born early term vs full term (combined or independent exposures).Material and MethodsThe protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database under the registration no. CRD42024528626. Five databases were searched from their inception until March 27, 2024, without language restrictions. Studies reporting childhood cognitive or academic outcomes after early term or large‐for‐gestational‐age births were included. Two reviewers independently screened the selected studies. One reviewer extracted the data, and the other double‐checked the data. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. In addition to narrative synthesis, meta‐analyses were conducted where possible.ResultsOf the 2505 identified articles, no study investigated early‐term delivery in large‐for‐gestational‐age babies. Seventy‐six studies involving 11 460 016 children investigated the effects of either early‐term delivery or large‐for‐gestational‐age. Children born at 37 weeks of gestation (standard mean difference, −0.13; 95% confidence interval, −0.21 to −0.05), but not at 38 weeks (standard mean difference, −0.04; 95% confidence interval, −0.08 to 0.002), had lower cognitive scores than those born at 40 weeks. Large‐for‐gestational‐age children had slightly higher cognitive scores than appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age children (standard mean difference, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.11). Similar results were obtained using the outcomes of either cognitive impairment or academic performance.ConclusionsNo study has investigated the combined effect of early‐term delivery on cognitive scores in large‐for‐gestational‐age babies. Early‐term delivery may have a very small detrimental effect on cognitive scores, whereas being large for gestational age may have a very small benefit. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials or observational studies is required.
Genetic correlations between milk fatty acids grouped according to origin until 95 days in milk and fertility of Holstein cows in Japan
Authors: Yamazaki Takeshi , Nishiura Akiko , Chiba Yuzu , Nakagawa Satoshi , Abe Hayato , Nakahori Yuka , Hagiya Koichi , Osawa Takefumi , Masuda Yutaka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMitigating the effect of negative energy balance in early lactation is important for improving the fertility of dairy cows, and milk fatty acid (FA) composition may reflect energy status. We used insemination records and monthly test‐day records to examine the genetic relationships between FAs grouped according to origin (FAOs) at early lactation and fertility traits in the first lactation of Japanese Holstein cows. The FAO traits we assessed were de novo FAs (C4:0 to C14:0) on a milk basis (DnM) and on a total FA basis (DnF) and preformed FAs (C15:0 and ≥ C17:0) on a total FA basis during 95 days in milk (DIM). The fertility traits evaluated were conception rate at first insemination (CR) and days open (DO). We applied a two‐trait (each FAO and fertility trait) linear model to estimate the genetic correlations between them. The genetic correlations of DnM and DnF within 35 DIM with CR were 0.44 and 0.31, respectively, and those with DO were −0.27 and −0.26, respectively. These results suggest that genetic improvement in de novo FAs within 35 DIM could help to increase fertility in the first lactation.
Frequencies and causes of ABO‐incompatible red cell transfusions in France, Germany and the United Kingdom
Authors: Mirrione‐Savin Aline , Aghili Pour Hengameh , Swarbrick Nicola , Müller Susanne , Bacquet Caroline , Malard Lucile , Murphy Michael F. , Richard Pascale , Davies Jennifer , Rowley Megan , Poles Debbi , Sandid Imad , Funk Markus B. , Narayan Shruthi , Tiberghien Pierre , Schäfer Richard 
Published: October 2024

SummaryPrevention of ABO‐incompatible red cell transfusions (ABO‐it) requires accurate donor and patient identification and correct application of processes for transfusion safety. In France and Germany, a bedside identity check and ABO compatibility test are performed. In the UK, an identity check, often structured as a bedside checklist, is performed with or without electronic patient identification (ePID). To compare the efficacy of ABO‐it bedside preventive measures, frequencies and causes of ABO‐it between 2013 and 2022 were investigated in all three countries. Despite differing bedside safety measures, similar average ABO‐it frequencies were observed in France (0.19 [SD:0.09]/100 000 issued red cell units) and in the UK (0.28 [SD:0.17]/100 000), whereas a higher frequency (0.71 [SD:0.23]/100 000) was observed in Germany which has similar bedside safety measures to France. ABO‐it resulted mostly from erroneous patient identification and transfusion of a red cell unit intended for another patient. In France and Germany, all ABO‐it were associated with incorrectly performed identity check and ABO compatibility test. In the UK, most ABO‐it were associated with incorrectly performed identity checks. Current measures to prevent ABO‐it are not fully effective. Further development and implementation of effective patient identification systems, including electronic information systems, across the entire transfusion process, should be considered.
Goodbye etoposide? Taking the leap to ruxolitinib in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Merrill Samuel A. , Spaner Caroline , Chen Luke Y. C. 
Published: October 2024

Fang et al. report a retrospective analysis of paediatric patients with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) associated with autoimmune/autoinflammatory disorders treated with ruxolitinib. Responses were impressive and rapid, and ruxolitinib was well tolerated. This study demonstrates that a subset of patients with HLH can be treated with JAK inhibition without the need for cytotoxic chemotherapy. Further work will be needed to better define patient selection for therapy, as some patient groups and HLH triggers, such as malignancy‐associated HLH, may be better suited for etoposide‐based therapy.Commentary on: Fang et al. Ruxolitinib‐based regimen in children with autoimmune disease or autoinflammatory disease related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Br J Haematol 2025; 206:215‐223.
An international multicentre randomised controlled trial of en bloc resection of bladder tumour vs conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumour: first results of the en bloc resection of urothelium carcinoma of the bladder (EBRUC) II trial
Authors: Struck Julian Peter , Moharam Nadim , Leitenberger Armin , Weber Jörg , Lusuardi Lukas , Oswald David , Rassweiler Jens J. , Fiedler Marcel , Horňák Jakub , Babjuk Marek , Micali Salvatore , Zaraca Carlo , Spreu Thomas , Friedersdorff Frank , Borgmann Hendrik , Merseburger Axel S. , Kramer Mario W. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the safety and oncological advantages of en bloc resection of bladder tumour (ERBT) vs conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumour (cTURBT) in terms of resection quality, staging quality, and safety.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a single‐blinded randomised controlled trial at seven European hospitals with the following inclusion criteria: first diagnosis of non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer, no singular carcinoma in situ, and tumour size >4.3 mm. Patients were randomised intraoperatively in a 1:1 ratio to either the ERBT or cTURBT group. Outcome analysis was performed using the chi‐square test, t‐test, and multivariate regression analysis.ResultsA total of 97 patients were randomised into the study (cTURBT = 40, ERBT = 57). A switch to cTURBT was necessary in two patients (3.5%) and 11.5% of the screened patients were preoperatively excluded for ERBT. There was no difference in the specimen presence of detrusor muscle with 73.7% in cTURBT and 67.3% in ERBT specimens (P = 0.69). There were no significant differences in mean operative time (ERBT 27.6 vs cTURBT 25.4 min, P = 0.450) or mean resection time (ERBT 16.3 vs cTURBT 15.5 min, P = 0.732). Overall the complication rate did not differ significantly (ERBT 18.2% vs cTURBT 7.5%, P = 0.142). Bladder perforations occurred significantly more often in the ERBT group (ERBT seven vs cTURBT none, P = 0.020). R0 status was reported more often after ERBT, whilst a second resection was significantly less frequent after ERBT (P = 0.018). Recurrence rates were comparable for both techniques after 6 months of follow‐up.ConclusionThe feasibility of ERBT is higher than previously reported. Whereas other perioperative and safety parameters are comparable to cTURBT, bladder perforations occurred significantly more often in the ERBT group and raised safety concerns. This is why this trial was terminated.
Somatostatin receptors in pituitary somatotroph adenomas as predictors of response to somatostatin receptor ligands: A pathologist's perspective
Authors: Botelho Laura , Dezonne Rômulo Sperduto , Wildemberg Luiz Eduardo , Miranda Renan Lyra , Gadelha Mônica R. , Andreiuolo Felipe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere are five subtypes of somatostatin receptors (SST1‐5), which are expressed in several types of solid neoplasms, neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas. Most commonly, SST2 and SST5, are of interest regarding diagnostic, treatment, and prognostic purposes. In this article the basic biological characteristics of SST are briefly reviewed, and focus given to the immunohistochemical evaluation of SST2 and SST5 in growth hormone (GH)‐secreting pituitary tumors, and their quantification as predictors of response to treatment with somatostatin receptor ligands (SRL), the mainstay of the pharmacological therapy available for these tumors. Although many different scoring systems for SST2 immunohistochemistry showing correlation with SRL response have been reported, among which the immunoreactivity score (IRS) has been the most consistently used, a universally validated immunohistochemical technique and scoring scheme is lacking. Efforts should be made on collaborative multicenter studies aiming at validating homogeneous immunostaining protocols and a scoring system for SST2 and SST5 expression, to help clinicians to define the optimal therapeutic strategy for the patients with somatotroph tumors.
Aerobic exercise improves astrocyte mitochondrial quality and transfer to neurons in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Cai Jiachen , Chen Yan , She Yuzhu , He Xiaoxin , Feng Hu , Sun Huaiqing , Yin Mengmei , Gao Junying , Sheng Chengyu , Li Qian , Xiao Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a well‐established hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite recent documentation of transcellular mitochondrial transfer, its role in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. In this study, we report an impairment of mitochondrial quality within the astrocytes and neurons of adult 5 × FAD mice. Following treatment with mitochondria isolated from aged astrocytes induced by exposure to amyloid protein or extended cultivation, cultured neurons exhibited an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species and underwent neurite atrophy. Notably, aerobic exercise enhanced mitochondrial quality by upregulating CD38 within hippocampal astrocytes of 5 × FAD mice. Conversely, the knockdown of CD38 diminished astrocytic–neuronal mitochondrial transfer, thereby abolishing the ameliorative effects of aerobic exercise on neuronal oxidative stress, β‐amyloid plaque deposition, and cognitive dysfunction in 5 × FAD mice. These findings unveil an unexpected mechanism through which aerobic exercise facilitates the transference of healthy mitochondria from astrocytes to neurons, thus countering the AD‐like progression.
Tasurgratinib in patients with cholangiocarcinoma or gastric cancer: Expansion part of the first‐in‐human phase I study
Authors: Morizane Chigusa , Ueno Makoto , Ioka Tatsuya , Tajika Masahiro , Ikeda Masafumi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Hara Hiroki , Yabusaki Hiroshi , Miyamoto Atsushi , Iwasa Satoru , Muto Manabu , Takashima Tsutomu , Minashi Keiko , Komatsu Yoshito , Nishina Tomohiro , Nakajima Takako Eguchi , Takeno Atsuchi , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Furukawa Masayuki , Sahara Takatoshi , Ikezawa Hiroki , Nomoto Maiko , Takashima Shuya , Uehara Taisuke , Funasaka Setsuo , Yashiro Masakazu , Furuse Junji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a highly conserved family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases with multiple roles in the regulation of key cellular processes. Specific FGFR mutations have been observed in several types of cancers, including gastric carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Dose escalation data of 24 Japanese patients with solid tumors treated with Tasurgratinib (previously known as E7090), a potent, selective FGFR1–3 inhibitor, was reported in a phase I, first‐in‐human, single‐center study. Based on the safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles observed in this study, the recommended dose of 140 mg once daily was selected for the expansion part (Part 2), a multicenter expansion of the dose‐finding study restricted to patients with tumors harboring FGFR gene alterations. Safety and preliminary efficacy were assessed in Part 2. Pharmacodynamic pharmacogenomic markers (serum phosphate, FGF23, and 1,25‐(OH)2‐vitamin D, circulating tumor DNA) and pharmacokinetic profiles were also evaluated. A total of 16 patients were enrolled in Part 2, six with cholangiocarcinoma and 10 with gastric cancer. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were hyperphosphatemia, palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, and paronychia. Five partial responses (83.3%) in cholangiocarcinoma patients and one partial response (11.1%) in gastric cancer patients were observed; median progression‐free survival was 8.26 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.84, not evaluable [NE]) and 3.25 months (95% CI 0.95, 4.86), and overall survival was 22.49 months (95% CI 6.37, NE) and 4.27 months (95% CI 2.23, 7.95), respectively, in the two groups. In conclusion, Tasurgratinib 140 mg has a tolerable safety profile with good clinical efficacy in patients with cholangiocarcinoma harboring FGFR2 gene rearrangements.