bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lean readiness within emergency departments: a conceptual framework
Authors: Alnajem Mohamad , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo , Antony Jiju 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to assess the lean readiness within emergency departments (EDs) and identify the key quality practices deemed essential for lean system (LS) implementation.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive review of the lean healthcare literature was conducted, including LS implementation within the healthcare sector (both generally and in EDs), best ED quality practices, essential factors for LS implementation within healthcare and lean readiness assessment frameworks. The authors identified six main categories from a literature review (top management and leadership, human resources, patient relations, supplier relations, processes and continuous improvement (CI)), and validated these based on experts’ opinion.FindingsSeveral factors were identified as crucial for EDs, including top management and leadership, human resources, patient relations, supplier relations, processes and CI.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework has not yet been tested, which prevents the author from declaring it fit for EDs.Practical implicationsThis framework will help ED managers determine the factors that will enable/hinder the implementation of LSs within their premises.Originality/valueTo the author’s knowledge, this is the first lean readiness assessment framework for EDs and one of the few lean readiness assessment frameworks in the literature.
The impact of weather index insurance on agricultural technology adoption evidence from field economic experiment in China
Authors: Tang Yingmei , Yang Yue , Ge Jihong , Chen Jian 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the impact of weather index insurance on agricultural technology adoption in rural China.

Design/methodology/approach
A field experiment was conducted with 344 rural households/farmers in Heilongjiang and Jiangsu Provinces, China. DID model was used to evaluate farmers’ technology adoption with and without index insurance.

Findings
The results show that weather index insurance has a significant effect on the technology adoption of rural households; there is a regional difference in this effect between Heilongjiang and Jiangsu. Weather index insurance promotes technology adoption of rural households in Heilongjiang, while has limited impact on those in Jiangsu. Weather, planting scale and risk preference are also important factors influencing the technology adoption of rural households.

Research limitations/implications
This research is subject to some limitations. First, the experimental parameters are designed according to the actual situation to simulate reality, but the willingness in the experiment does not mean it will be put into action in reality. Second, due to the diversity of China’s climate, geography and economic environment, rural households are heterogeneous in rural China. Whether the conclusion can be generalized beyond the study area is naturally questionable. A study with more diverse samples is needed to gain a fuller understanding of index insurance’s effects on farmers in China.

Originality/value
This research provides a rigorous empirical analysis on the impact of weather index insurance on farmers’ agricultural technology adoption through a carefully designed field experiment.
Influence of organizational commitment on work–life balance and organizational performance of female construction professionals
Authors: Oyewobi Luqman Oyekunle , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel , Adeneye Toyin Deborah , Jimoh Richard Ajayi 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the mediating role of organisational commitment in the relationship between work‒life balance (WLB) and organisational performance of female construction professionals in the Nigerian construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThe study empirically examined WLB of female professionals in medium- and large-sized Nigerian construction organisations. The data collected were analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between WLB and organisational commitment, and that organisational commitment mediates the impact of WLB on organisational performance.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the limitations of this research is the cross-sectional nature of the study and the nature of data collected, which is related to female gender. Efforts should, therefore, be made to further this study by examining the impact of WLB on both male and female professionals in construction.Originality/valueThis paper presents an empirical research on the significance of family-friendly initiatives within construction organisations in Nigerian context, and the results of the study have implications for industry practitioners and academics.
The effect of capital structure on profitability and stock returns
Authors: Chandra Teddy , Junaedi Achmad Tavip , Wijaya Evelyn , Suharti Suharti , Mimelientesa Irman , Ng Martha 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence capital structure, profitability and stock returns and the relationship between capital structure, profitability and stock returns. The endogenous variables in this study are capital structure, profitability and stock returns, whereas the exogenous variables are firm size, growth opportunity, tangibility, liquidity, volatility and uniqueness.Design/methodology/approachThe population used is a company that is listed on the compass index 100 period of August 2016. A total of 64 companies are sampled in this study. The unit of analysis is 448 data. The data analysis technique used is path analysis with the help of AMOS.FindingsThe results obtained show only profitability variables that affect stock returns. Variable capital structure, firm size, growth opportunity, tangibility and liquidity have no significant effect. Variables that influence capital structure are only influenced by growth opportunity, whereas other variables are not significant and variables that affect profitability are firm size, growth opportunity, uniqueness and volatility.Originality/valuePath analysis is a model similar to the multiple regression analysis, factor analysis, canonical correlation analysis, discriminant analysis and more general multivariate analysis groups. This research discusses that capital structure is useful for increasing the value of the company in the sense that the more debt that is used, a tax deduction will be obtained because of interest costs. So that the company’s profits will increase and eventually will increase the value of the company. This opinion remains a controversy among financial experts. Until now, there is no agreement that can explain the capital structure in all conditions of the company. There are two important theories concerning capital structure, trade-off theory and pecking order theory.
US–China trade war and the WTO dispute settlement mechanism
Authors: Adekola Tolulope Anthony 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The paper is prompted by the US–China trade war and its implications for the sustenance of the multilateral trading system. The two rivals resorted to “self-help” without recourse to the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system, flouting the WTO as an adjudicator in trade disputes. This paper aims to analyze the drawbacks in the settlement system and examines the urgent need for a retroactive remedy.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts desk-review and jurisprudential analysis of the relevant rulings of the WTO dispute settlement body. Using desk-review, primary sources such as the relevant domestic legislations invoked by the USA and China to trigger the trade war were discussed and critically analyzed.

Findings
This paper finds that the unilateral and protectionist actions that characterize the trade war can be linked to the loss of confidence in WTO remedies to redress members’ retroactive economic losses. This finding is useful in arguing for the incorporation of a retrospective monetary remedy to forestall the reoccurrence of a similar trade war and save the WTO from being dysfunctional.

Originality/value
Although, whether there should be retroactive remedies in the settlement system has been long debated, this paper makes a significant contribution by highlighting why the drawbacks in the settlement system have become so prominent in the context of this trade war. This paper strengthens the urgent need for WTO dispute settlement reform to prevent a reoccurrence of another global distortion of trade.
The scientometrics of literature on smart cities
Authors: Moradi Shima 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the research trends in smart cities (SCs) in order to demonstrate the most and the least active fields, researchers, institutions, frontier active centers/authors and funding institutions, as well as drawing the map of the most active countries in this scope.

Design/methodology/approach
Bibliometric data of 4,696 scientific works were collected from Web of Science, one of the most authentic bibliometric databases, within 1970–2018. The data were analyzed using scientometrics and content analysis methods and visualized by tables, charts and atlases.

Findings
The results showed an increasing trend in these studies mostly published as conference papers during 48 years. In this period, 0.6 percent of the papers got more than ten citations. Highly cited fields in the area of SCs were orderly smart IT infrastructure, smart government, smart environment, smart mobility, smart energy, smart economy and smart citizen. The geographic atlas of SC studies showed that the frontier countries in SCs were China, Spain and Italy, orderly. China’s main focus was on smart infrastructure while Spain’s focus was smart citizens and smart energy. Italy’s studies were mostly concentrated on smart government, smart mobility and smart environment. In general, it can be concluded that “smart IT infrastructure” was the most noted among the other components of SCs.

Originality/value
The scientometrics of SC literature has been conducted for the first time.
Shopping value and patronage: when satisfaction and crowding count
Authors: Moharana Tapas Ranjan , Pradhan Debasis 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare two competing models denoting two dimensions (hedonic and utilitarian) and three dimensions (hedonic, utilitarian and social) of the construct “value” and investigates their relative influence on satisfaction, future patronage intention (FPI) and word-of-mouth (WoM) in a hypermarket context. Additionally, the study examines if these relationships are contingent upon gender and shoppers’ perception of retail crowding.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed models and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling, across two cross-sectional studies (n1=268, n2=259). The multi-group analysis was used to test moderated relationships.

Findings
The study demonstrates that satisfaction mediates the impact of shopping value on FPI and WoM. The model that includes utilitarian, hedonic and social value explains higher variance in satisfaction and WoM than that is evidenced in the alternate model comprising utilitarian and hedonic values. Shoppers’ gender and perceived retail crowding moderate the influence of shopping value on satisfaction.

Practical implications
Retail managers should understand that enjoyable and social shopping experience of the consumers lead to satisfaction, which in turn plays a pivotal role in the formation of FPI and WoM. Managers discern that a moderate level of crowding is better than the extremely low or high level of density.

Originality/value
Amidst a lack of unanimity on the dimensionality of shopping value, this is one of the first studies to evaluate the two theoretical models of shopping value having two dimensions and three dimensions, respectively. An understanding of gender and retail crowding perceptions is crucial in shopping value judgments.
Do firms use early guidance to disclose the effect of conservatism on future earnings?
Authors: D’Augusta Carlo , Redigolo Giulia 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
By deferring profits and anticipating losses, conservatism makes earnings increases more persistent and earnings declines more likely to revert. Therefore, the level of conservatism in current earnings has implications for future earnings expectations. Past research shows that outsiders can fail to understand these implications. This paper aims to investigate whether firms help outsiders by voluntarily disclosing their expectations about how conservatism will affect future earnings trends.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors examine the likelihood and content of “early” earnings guidance – i.e. guidance about future earnings that is released around or before the announcement of current earnings. The sample is made of 8,820 annual earnings announcements, 62 per cent of which are combined with early guidance.

Findings
The authors find that the more conservative current earnings, the higher: the likelihood that the firm releases early guidance; the likelihood that the firm predicts a positive change in earnings; and the difference between the forecasted earnings and current earnings. The authors also find such guidance to be relevant to analysts, who use it to update their forecasts.

Practical implications
By showing that firms use early guidance to disclose the effect of conservatism on future earnings, the study is interesting to users and preparers because it shows that analysts need and use such disclosure; and regulators because it alleviates concerns about the information consequences of conservatism.

Originality/value
The findings show that firms do not refrain from committing to positive early guidance to disclose the earnings effects of conservatism. This is interesting in light of the difficulty of predicting such effects, the manager incentives to keep expectations low and the cost of committing to positive guidance instead of less risky qualitative disclosure alternatives. In this way, the authors contribute to the literature on the interrelation between voluntary disclosure and conservatism in financial reports.
The kinematics of S waves in acoustic orthorhombic media
Authors: Xu Shibo , Stovas Alexey 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTOrthorhombic models are often used in the seismic industry nowadays to describe azimuthal and polar anisotropy and reasonably realistic in capturing the features of the earth interior. It is challenging to handle so many model parameters in the seismic data processing. In order to reduce the number of the parameters for P wave, the acoustic orthorhombic medium is proposed by setting all on‐axis S wave velocities to zero. However, due to the coupled behaviour for P and S waves in the orthorhombic model, the ‘S wave artefacts’ are still remained in the acoustic orthorhombic model, which kinematics needs to be defined and analysed. In this paper, we analyse the behaviour of S wave in acoustic orthorhombic media. By analysis of the slowness surface in acoustic orthorhombic media, we define the S waves (or S wave artefacts) that are more complicated in shape comparing to the one propagating in an acoustic transversely isotropic medium with a vertical symmetry axis. The kinematic properties of these waves are defined and analysed in both phase and group domain. The caustics, amplitude and the multi‐layered case for S wave in acoustic orthorhombic model are also discussed. It is shown that there are two waves propagating in this acoustic orthorhombic medium. One of these waves is similar to the one propagating in acoustic vertical symmetry axis media, whereas another one has a very complicated shape consisting of two crossing surfaces.
Trait‐based life‐history strategies explain succession scenario for complex bacterial communities under varying disturbance
Authors: Santillan Ezequiel , Seshan Hari , Constancias Florentin , Wuertz Stefan 
Published: June 2019

SummaryTrait‐based approaches are increasingly gaining importance in community ecology, as a way of finding general rules for the mechanisms driving changes in community structure and function under the influence of perturbations. Frameworks for life‐history strategies have been successfully applied to describe changes in plant and animal communities upon disturbance. To evaluate their applicability to complex bacterial communities, we operated replicated wastewater treatment bioreactors for 35 days and subjected them to eight different disturbance frequencies of a toxic pollutant (3‐chloroaniline), starting with a mixed inoculum from a full‐scale treatment plant. Relevant ecosystem functions were tracked and microbial communities assessed through metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Combining a series of ordination, statistical and network analysis methods, we associated different life‐history strategies with microbial communities across the disturbance range. These strategies were evaluated using tradeoffs in community function and genotypic potential, and changes in bacterial genus composition. We further compared our findings with other ecological studies and adopted a semi‐quantitative competitors, stress‐tolerants, ruderals (CSR) classification. The framework reduces complex data sets of microbial traits, functions and taxa into ecologically meaningful components to help understand the system response to disturbance and hence represents a promising tool for managing microbial communities.
Endogenous productivity of demand‐induced R&D: evidence from pharmaceuticals
Authors: Myers Kyle , Pauly Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe examine trends in the productivity of the pharmaceutical sector over the past three decades. Motivated by Ricardo's insight that productivity and rents are endogenous to demand when inputs are scarce, we examine the industry's aggregate Research and Development (R&D) production function. Using exogenous demand shocks to instrument investments, we find that demand growth can explain a large portion of R&D growth. Returns to scale have been stable, whereas total factor productivity has declined significantly. Predicted rents based on our estimates and Ricardo's theory closely match the trends we observe.
Prescription Opioid Misuse After a Recent Sexual Assault: A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Video Intervention
Authors: Gilmore Amanda K. , Walsh Kate , Frazier Patricia , Ledray Linda , Acierno Ron , Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Kilpatrick Dean G. , Resnick Heidi S. 
Published: June 2019

Background and ObjectivesPrescription opioid (PO) misuse is increasing and is associated with overdose. Individuals who experienced a recent sexual assault are at risk for increased substance use, yet limited interventions target PO misuse after sexual assault. The current study examined the efficacy of video interventions on PO misuse after sexual assault.MethodsAdolescent girls and women (n = 154) were recruited in the context of a sexual assault medical forensic exam in the emergency department. Effects of a prevention of post‐rape stress (PPRS) video and a pleasant imagery and relaxation instruction (PIRI) video were compared with treatment as usual (TAU) during a sexual assault medical forensic exam on PO misuse. Participants reported if they had used POs for non‐medical purposes since the sexual assault at 1.5 month follow‐up.ResultsResults from a logistic regression analysis indicated that participants with a prior sexual assault were less likely to misuse prescription opioids 1.5 months after the assault in the PIRI condition compared with TAU. There were no main effects for video condition and no interactions for the PPRS condition on PO misuse.Discussion and ConclusionsProviding the PIRI video, or teaching other types of mindfulness or relaxation exercises, may be warranted as a secondary prevention for individuals during the sexual assault medical forensic exam for those with a prior sexual assault history.Scientific SignificanceThis research provides an initial examination of the impact of mindfulness skills recently after traumatic event exposure on PO misuse. (Am J Addict 2019;28:376–381)
Living, loving, dying: Insights into rural compassion
Authors: Marsh Pauline , Thompson Stephanie , Mond Jonathan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo improve understandings of the enablers and barriers to maintaining good quality of life for people dying, caring and grieving in rural areas.Design and settingIn‐depth interviews designed on participatory research principles were held with bereaved carers living in a small community in rural Tasmania. Participants had cared for someone until their death within the 3‐year period prior.ParticipantsNineteen participants comprising 18 bereaved former carers and one person with a life‐limiting illness, and all but four were over retirement age.Study aimTo explore experiences of end‐of‐life care in a rural community.ResultsParticipants discussed the challenges they experienced during end‐of‐life caring, including transport into the city for treatment, and access to basic and specialised services. However, they also reported positive aspects of formal and informal palliative care, and described experiences of personable, expert, flexible and innovative caregiving.ConclusionsThe rural location enabled personalised and innovative expressions of care. This research adds new insight into rural end‐of‐life palliation, as a complex intersection of supererogation, innovation and place‐driven care.
No additional long‐term effect of group vs individual family intervention in the treatment of childhood obesity—A randomised trial
Authors: Kokkvoll Ane Sofie , Grimsgaard Sameline , Flægstad Trond , Andersen Lars Bo , Ball Geoff D. C. , Wilsgaard Tom , Njølstad Inger 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimLong‐term evaluations of childhood obesity treatments are needed. We examined changes in weight and cardiometabolic risk 1 year after children completed individual family or group‐based weight management interventions.MethodsIn 2009‐2010, 6‐ to 12‐year‐old children with overweight or obesity from Finnmark and Troms (Norway) were recruited after media coverage and randomised to 24 months of individual family (n = 49) or group intervention (n = 48). Individual family intervention included counselling by a paediatric hospital team and a public health nurse in the local community. Group intervention included meetings with other families and a multidisciplinary hospital team, weekly physical activity sessions and a family camp. The primary outcome body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic risk factors were analysed 12 months after intervention.ResultsFrom baseline to 36 months, children's BMI increased 3.0 kg/m2 in individual family and 2.1 kg/m2 in group intervention (between‐group −0.9kg/m2, P = 0.096). Data were available from 62 children (64%). Between‐group differences in C peptide (P = 0.01) were detected in favour of group intervention. Pooled data from both treatment groups showed continued decrease in BMI standard deviation score (P < 0.001).ConclusionNo between‐group difference in BMI was observed 12 months after intervention. Both groups combined showed sustained decrease in BMI standard deviation score.