bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using latent class analysis to identify treatment‐use subgroups among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Mire Sarah S. , McQuillin Samuel , Racine Madeline , Goin‐Kochel Robin P. 
Published: April 2019

Among parents of 2,582 children (ages 4–17 years old) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we used latent class analysis to identify subgroups and profiles of treatment users and included annual household income in the specification of the models, then described characteristics of each subgroup. Based on three indicators of fit (Akaike's Information Criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Lo–Mendell–Rubin), six latent classes of treatment users emerged. Subgroups included users of: (a) mostly private and school speech and occupational therapies; (b) nearly all treatment types; (c) mostly speech and occupational therapies, plus intensive behavioral and “other” treatments, but little medication use; (d) private therapies almost exclusively; (e) primarily psychotropic medications; and (f) mostly school‐based therapies. Income significantly predicted class differences for all but one latent class. Probabilities of families' lifetime use of nine treatment types varied depending on latent classification. Proportions of families reporting having observed children's developmental regression were largest in those with the highest overall treatment use, and these children also had the lowest cognitive and adaptive‐functioning scores and the highest ASD symptom scores. Understanding patterns of treatment use among families of children with ASD is an important first step in enhancing treatment‐related selection and implementation. Autism Research 2019, 12: 843–854. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryWe identified six different groups of treatment users to help explain patterns in treatment implementation among parents of children and adolescents with autism. These included families who used: (a) mostly used private and school speech and occupational therapies; (b) nearly all treatment types (private and school therapies, intensive behavioral, biomedical, psychotropic medications, and other treatments); (c) mostly speech and occupational therapies, plus intensive behavioral and “other” treatments, but little medication use; (d) private therapies almost exclusively; (e) primarily psychotropic medications; and (f) mostly school‐based therapies.
Isolation of Ceramides from Tagetes patula L. Yellow Flowers and Nematicidal Activity of the Fractions and Pure Compounds against Cyst Nematode, Heterodera zeae
Authors: Bano Samina , Faizi Shaheen , Lubna  , Fayyaz Shahina , Iqbal Erum Y. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvestigation of yellow flower extract of Tagetes patula L. led to the identification of an aggregate of five phytoceramides. Among them, (2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐[(2S,3S,4R,8E)‐1,3,4‐trihydroxyicos‐8‐en‐2‐yl]icosanamide, (2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐[(2S,3S,4R,8E)‐1,3,4‐trihydroxyicos‐8‐en‐2‐yl]heneicosanamide, (2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐[(2S,3S,4R,8E)‐1,3,4‐trihydroxyicos‐8‐en‐2‐yl]docosanamide, and (2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐[(2S,3S,4R,8E)‐1,3,4‐trihydroxyicos‐8‐en‐2‐yl]tricosanamide were identified as new compounds and termed as tagetceramides, whereas (2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐[(2S,3S,4R,8E)‐1,3,4‐trihydroxyicos‐8‐en‐2‐yl]tetracosanamide was a known ceramide. A steroid (β‐sitosterol glucoside) was also isolated from the subsequent fraction. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, as well as chemical method. Several other compounds were also identified by GC/MS analysis. The fractions and some commercial products, a ceramide HFA, β‐sitosterol, and stigmasterol were evaluated against an economically important cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae. Ceramide HFA showed 100 % mortality, whereas, β‐sitosterol and stigmasterol were 40–50 % active, at 1 % concentration after 24 h of exposure time, while β‐sitosterol glucoside revealed no activity against the nematode.
Iatrogenic atrial septal defect closure after transseptal mitral valve interventions: Indications and outcomes
Authors: Beri Neil , Singh Gagan D. , Smith Thomas W. , Fan Dali , Boyd Walter D. , Rogers Jason H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesReview indications and outcomes for transcatheter iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) closure in patients undergoing MitraClip or transseptal (TS) mitral valve‐in‐valve/ring (ViV/ViR) procedures.BackgroundMitral valve transcatheter interventions require large‐diameter TS sheaths that can result in iASDs that necessitate post‐procedure transcatheter closure. Although the presence of iASD has been well‐described, indications for closure and outcomes after TS mitral valve interventions have not been reported.MethodsPatients undergoing MitraClip repair and ViV or ViR transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) from February 14, 2014, to January 16, 2018, were studied retrospectively in this single center study.ResultsSeventeen patients had iASD closure: 11 MitraClip and 6 TMVR (5 ViV, 1 ViR). Indications for iASD closure included large iASD (n = 7), large left‐to‐right shunt (n = 9), pulmonary hypertension (n = 8), large right‐to‐left shunt (n = 1), severe RV dysfunction (n = 2), thin/aneurysmal septum (n = 2), and mobile material on pacemaker leads (n = 2). Closures were performed without complications using Amplatzer septal occluders. At 30 days, 94% of subjects (n = 16) were alive with one patient deceased from unknown causes. There were no myocardial infarctions or strokes. At 12 months, follow‐up was available for 14 of 17 patients, and 71% of patients (10/14) were alive. One patient died due to cardiac causes, two from noncardiac causes and one for unknown reasons. There was one myocardial infarction, one intraparenchymal hemorrhage, and no ischemic strokes.ConclusionsThe most common reasons for iASD closure after TS MV procedures are: large ASD unlikely to spontaneously close, large left‐to‐right shunt, and pulmonary hypertension. Patients who required iASD closure had low 30‐day mortality but higher one‐year mortality potentially reflecting a population with substantial comorbidities.
The Hydrogen Bond and Beyond: Perspectives for Rotational Investigations of Non‐Covalent Interactions
Authors: Juanes Marcos , Saragi Rizalina T. , Caminati Walther , Lesarri Alberto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the last decade, experiment and theory have expanded our vision of non‐covalent interactions (NCIs), shifting the focus from the conventional hydrogen bond to new bridging interactions involving a variety of weak donor/acceptor partners. Whereas most experimental data originate from condensed phases, the introduction of broadband (chirped‐pulse) microwave fast‐passage techniques has revolutionized the field of rotational spectroscopy, offering unexplored avenues for high‐resolution studies in the gas phase. We present an outlook of hot topics for rotational investigations on isolated intermolecular clusters generated in supersonic jet expansions. Rotational spectra offer very detailed structural data, easily discriminating the isomeric or isotopic composition and effectively cancelling any solvent, crystal, or matrix bias. The direct comparison with quantum mechanical predictions provides insight into the origin of the inter‐ and intramolecular interactions with much greater precision than any other spectroscopic technique, simultaneously serving as test‐bed for fine‐tuning of theoretical methods. We present recent examples of rotational investigations around three topics: oligomer formation, chiral recognition, and identification of halogen, chalcogen, pnicogen, or tetrel bonds. The selected examples illustrate the benefits of rotational spectroscopy for the structural and energetic assessment of inter‐/intramolecular interactions, which may help to move from fundamental research to applications in supramolecular chemistry and crystal engineering.
Branching Brownian Motion with Decay of Mass and the Nonlocal Fisher‐KPP Equation
Authors: Addario‐Berry Louigi , Berestycki Julien , Penington Sarah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this work we study a nonlocal version of the Fisher‐KPP equation,

urn:x-wiley:0010-3640:media:cpa21827:cpa21827-math-0001

and its relation to a branching Brownian motion with decay of mass as introduced in Addario‐Berry and Penington (2015) , i.e., a particle system consisting of a standard branching Brownian motion (BBM) with a competitive interaction between nearby particles. Particles in the BBM with decay of mass have a position in ℝ and a mass, branch at rate 1 into two daughter particles of the same mass and position, and move independently as Brownian motions. Particles lose mass at a rate proportional to the mass in a neighborhood around them (as measured by the function φ).We obtain two types of results. First, we study the behavior of solutions to the partial differential equation above. We show that, under suitable conditions on φ and u0, the solutions converge to 1 behind the front and are globally bounded, improving recent results of Hamel and Ryzhik. Second, we show that the hydrodynamic limit of the BBM with decay of mass is the solution of the nonlocal Fisher‐KPP equation. We then harness this to obtain several new results concerning the behavior of the particle system. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of 4β‐Hydroxycholesterol Plasma Concentrations as an Endogenous Biomarker of CYP3A Activity: Clinical Validation in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gravel Sophie , Chiasson Jean‐Louis , Gaudette Fleur , Turgeon Jacques , Michaud Veronique 
Published: April 2019

The relevance of endogenous 4β‐hydroxycholesterol (4β‐OHC) plasma concentrations or of the 4β‐OHC/total cholesterol concentration ratio (4β‐OHC ratio) as surrogate markers of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity was evaluated in individuals with (n = 38) or without (n = 35) type 2 diabetes (T2D). Midazolam was used as a comparator to validate exploratory measures of phenotypic CYP3A activity. Metabolic ratios of orally administered midazolam in nondiabetic and diabetic populations correlated significantly with 4β‐OHC (rs = 0.64 and 0.48; P ≤ 0.003) and 4β‐OHC ratio (rs = 0.69 and 0.46; P ≤ 0.003), respectively. Activity of CYP3A was lower in the T2D population compared with nondiabetic subjects; this decrease was reflected in 4β‐OHC concentrations (24.33 vs. 12.58 ng/mL; P < 0.0001) and 4β‐OHC ratio (0.13 vs. 0.09 (× 104); P < 0.0002). These results suggest that 4β‐OHC should be considered as a valid, convenient, and easy to use endogenous biomarker of CYP3A activity in patients.
An Overview of Genomic Biomarker Use in Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Trials
Authors: Adeniyi Oluseyi , Ramamoorthy Anuradha , Schuck Robert , Sun Jielin , Wilson Jennifer , Zineh Issam , Pacanowski Michael 
Published: April 2019

Clinical trial designs targeting patient subgroups with certain genetic characteristics may enhance the efficiency of developing drugs for cardiovascular disease (CVD). To evaluate the extent to which genetic knowledge translates to the CVD pipeline, we analyzed how genomic biomarkers are utilized in trials. Phase II and III trial protocols for investigational new drugs for CVD and risk factors were evaluated for prospective and exploratory genomic biomarker use; drug targets were evaluated for the presence of evidence that genetic variations can impact CVD risk or drug response. We identified 134 programs (73 unique drug targets) and 147 clinical trials. Less than 1% (n = 1/147) trials used a genomic biomarker prospectively for in‐trial enrichment despite 32% (n = 23/73) of the drug targets having evidence of genetic variations. Additionally, 46% (n = 68/147) of the trials specified exploratory biomarker use. The results highlight an opportunity for more targeted CVD drug development by leveraging genomic biomarker knowledge.
High‐frequency sampling and piecewise models reshape dispersal kernels of a common reef coral
Authors: Moneghetti Joanne , Figueiredo Joana , Baird Andrew H. , Connolly Sean R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractModels of dispersal potential are required to predict connectivity between populations of sessile organisms. However, to date, such models do not allow for time‐varying rates of acquisition and loss of competence to settle and metamorphose, and permit only a limited range of possible survivorship curves. We collect high‐resolution observations of coral larval survival and metamorphosis, and apply a piecewise modeling approach that incorporates a broad range of temporally varying rates of mortality and loss of competence. Our analysis identified marked changes in competence loss and mortality rates, the timing of which implicates developmental failure and depletion of energy reserves. Asymmetric demographic rates suggest more intermediate‐range dispersal, less local retention, and less long‐distance dispersal than predicted by previously employed non‐piecewise models. Because vital rates are likely temporally asymmetric, at least for nonfeeding broadcast‐spawned larvae, piecewise analysis of demographic rates will likely yield more reliable predictions of dispersal potential.
Innate immune cells orchestrate the repair of sterile injury in the liver and beyond
Authors: Hossain Mokarram , Kubes Paul 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThere is a close association between inflammation and sterile injury, however not all sterile injuries are the same. While a regulated inflammatory response is crucial for proper healing, a dysregulated or nonterminating response leads to disrepair. While immune cells are thought to contribute to the disrepair, they may also be critical for proper healing and as such, their actions may dictate the end result. In all forms of sterile injury, release of damage‐associated molecular patterns from necrotic cells causes robust recruitment of innate immune cells. The subsequent release of toxic mediators from immune cells is thought to be damaging in non‐resolving sterile injuries in which the dysregulated immune response leads to chronic inflammatory disease. While similar mediators may be released from immune cells in resolution of acute injury, the spatial localization, timing, and self‐termination may all be critical. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the temporal and spatial recruitment of various innate immune cells that beget appropriate healing of acute injuries. Where possible we try to compare this appropriate response to dysregulated sterile injuries in an attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets.
Human Fcγ receptors compete for TGN1412 binding that determines the antibody's effector function
Authors: Dudek Simone , Weißmüller Sabrina , Anzaghe Martina , Miller Lilija , Sterr Sarah , Hoffmann Katja , Hengel Hartmut , Waibler Zoe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe first‐in‐human clinical trial of the CD28‐specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) TGN1412 resulted in a life‐threatening cytokine release syndrome. Although TGN1412 was designed as IgG4, known for weak Fc:Fcγ receptor (FcγR) interactions, these interactions contributed to TGN1412‐induced T‐cell activation. Using cell lines (TFs) expressing human FcγRI, ‐IIa, ‐IIb, or ‐III, we show that TGN1412 and TGN1412 as IgG1 and IgG2 are bound by FcγRs as it can be deduced from literature. However, upon coculture of TGN1412‐decorated T cells with TFs or human primary blood cells, we observed that binding capacities by FcγRs do not correlate with the strength of the mediated effector function. FcγRIIa and FcγRIIb, showing no or very minor binding to TGN1412, mediated strongest T cell proliferation, while high‐affinity FcγRI, exhibiting strong TGN1412 binding, mediated hardly any T‐cell proliferation. These findings are of biological relevance because we show that FcγRI binds TGN1412, thus prevents binding to FcγRIIa or FcγRIIb, and consequently disables T‐cell proliferation. In line with this, FcγRI−FcγRII+ but not FcγRI+FcγRII+ monocytes mediate TGN1412‐induced T‐cell proliferation. Collectively, by using TGN1412 as example, our results indicate that binding of monomeric IgG subclasses does not predict the FcγR‐mediated effector function, which has major implications for the design of therapeutic mAbs.
Changepoint analysis of Klementinum temperature series
Authors: Jarušková D. , Antoch J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a statistical analysis of the stationarity of the Prague–Klementinum temperature series. In the first part, the stationarity of annual means is rejected, and several nonstationary models are suggested to assess the increase in temperature in the most recent decades. The analysis shows that positions of the changepoint estimates depend largely on our decision as to whether we apply a discontinuous or a continuous piecewise linear model. In the second part, we study the stationarity of the seasonal behavior of the series, particularly the stationarity of the mean annual profiles. The analysis of the seasonal cycle shows that the increase in temperature has not the same character throughout the calendar year. Rather, an increase in temperature in winter days is larger than an increase in summer days, and the temperature difference between summer and winter days decreases.
Low‐intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes the survival and maturation of newborn oligodendrocytes in the adult mouse brain
Authors: Cullen Carlie L. , Senesi Matteo , Tang Alexander D. , Clutterbuck Mackenzie T. , Auderset Loic , O'Rourke Megan E. , Rodger Jennifer , Young Kaylene M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNeuronal activity is a potent extrinsic regulator of oligodendrocyte generation and central nervous system myelination. Clinically, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is delivered to noninvasively modulate neuronal activity; however, the ability of rTMS to facilitate adaptive myelination has not been explored. By performing cre‐lox lineage tracing, to follow the fate of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the adult mouse brain, we determined that low intensity rTMS (LI‐rTMS), administered as an intermittent theta burst stimulation, but not as a continuous theta burst or 10 Hz stimulation, increased the number of newborn oligodendrocytes in the adult mouse cortex. LI‐rTMS did not alter oligodendrogenesis per se, but instead increased cell survival and enhanced myelination. These data suggest that LI‐rTMS can be used to noninvasively promote myelin addition to the brain, which has potential implications for the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Photobiomodulation increases intrusion tooth movement and modulates IL‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐1β expression during orthodontically bone remodeling
Authors: Fernandes Marcella R. U. , Suzuki Selly S. , Suzuki Hideo , Martinez Elizabeth F. , Garcez Aguinaldo S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on upper molar intrusion movement, regarding acceleration of orthodontic movement and its molecular effects. The sample consisted of 30 patients with indication of tooth intrusion for oral rehabilitation. Teeth were divided into three different groups: G1 (n = 10) pre‐molars without force or laser application (control); G2 (n = 10) upper molar intrusion; and G3 (n = 10) upper molar intrusion and PBM. On PBM treated molars, the teeth were irradiated with a low‐power diode laser (808 nm, 100 mW), receiving 1 J per point, density of 25 J/cm2, with application of 10 s per point, 10 points (5 per vestibular and 5 per palatal region). Orthodontic force of intrusion applied every 30 days and PBM was performed immediately, 3 and 7 days after force application for 3 months. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected at the same time periods as the laser applications and interleukins (IL) 1‐β, ‐6 and ‐8 were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical measures were performed monthly to verify the amount of intrusion. The levels of IL‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐1β increased under orthodontic force (G2 and G3) when compared to control group (G1), however, the cytokines levels were significantly higher after PBM (G3). The mean intrusion velocity was 0.26 mm/month in the irradiated group (G3), average duration of 8 months vs 0.17 mm/month for the non‐irradiated group (G2), average duration of 12 months. This study suggests that PBM accelerates tooth movement during molar intrusion, due to modulation of IL‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐1β during bone remodeling.
Overexpression miR‐24‐3p repressed Bim expression to confer tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Han Xu , Li Qiaobei , Liu Chang , Wang Chunyan , Li Yinyan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEndocrine therapy resistance represents a major challenge to the successful treatment of patients with breast cancer. The development of tamoxifen resistance commonly occurrs during the treatment of patients with breast cancer whereas its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we found that miR‐24‐3p regulated tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells. Forced overexpression of miR‐24‐3p augmented tamoxifen‐induced cell viability inhibition in breast cancer cells, while knockdown of miR‐24‐3p partially attenuated the cytotoxicity effect of tamoxifen. Moreover, we discovered Bim as a target gene of miR‐24‐3p in breast cancer cells by RNA immunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and dual luciferase reporter assay. In our established tamoxifen resistant MCF7 cell line (MCF7/TAM), there was a significant elevation of miR‐24‐3p and decrease of BIM expression compared with parental MCF7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of miR‐24‐3p could reverse the tamoxifen resistance of MCF7/TAM cells by the induction of cell apoptosis. Silencing of Bim expression blocked miR‐24‐3p inhibitor–induced elevation of tamoxifen sensitivity of MCF7/TAM cells. Using tumor tissues from patients with breast cancer, we also found that the expression of miR‐24‐3p was negatively correlated with Bim mRNA expression. Collectively, our study highlighted the pivotal role of miR‐24‐3p overexpression in mediating the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer and suggested miR‐24‐3p might be a predictor or target for patients with breast cancer.
ESRRG promoter hypermethylation as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shen Zhisen , Hu Yan , Zhou Chongchang , Yuan Jie , Xu Jie , Hao Wenjuan , Deng Hongxia , Ye Dong 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundEstrogen‐related receptor gamma (ESRRG) has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene in several cancers. We aimed to evaluate ESRRG promoter methylation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its relative clinical value in LSCC.MethodsBisulfite pyrosequencing assays were performed on 91 pairs of tumor and paracancer tissues from LSCC patients in China. The diagnostic value and overall survival (OS) were analyzed descriptively by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Kaplan‐Meier methods, respectively.ResultsThe ESRRG promoter was more frequently hypermethylated in tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues (P < 0.01). ESRRG promoter methylation was significantly increased in advanced T stage tumors (P < 0.01) and advanced clinical stage patients (P < 0.01). Moreover, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value (0.81) indicated high discrimination accuracy. Furthermore, ESRRG hypermethylation was associated with poor OS, as confirmed by Kaplan‐Meier survival curves (P < 0.01).ConclusionOur study indicated that ESRRG promoter hypermethylation contributed to LSCC‐related risks, primarily tumor progression and survival prognosis, in patients. ESRRG promoter methylation could, therefore, be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in LSCC.