bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A theoretical study for the influence of the combined defect on radial vibrations of a ball bearing
Authors: Liu Jing , Shi Zhifeng , Shao Yimin 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Combined defects in ball bearings may be caused during the use or manufacturing process, which can significantly affect their vibration characteristics. The previous defect models in the literature can only describe single defects such as the surface waviness and localized defect. This paper aims to propose an in-depth understanding of radial vibrations of a ball bearing with the combined defect.

Design/methodology/approach
A dynamic model for a ball bearing with the combined defect including the surface waviness and localized defect on its races is proposed. The effects of the combined defect sizes on the radial bearing vibrations are investigated. The results from the proposed model considering the combined defect are compared with the available results from the previous methods considering the single defects.

Findings
The acceleration amplitude is significantly affected by the surface waviness, localized defect and the combined defect on its races. The effect of the combined defect on the acceleration amplitude is larger than that of the single defect. The amplitude and peak frequency of the spectrum of acceleration for the combined defect increases with the defect sizes. The RMS value of the accelerations for the combined defect increases with the combined defect sizes.

Originality/value
Consequently, the proposed model can predict more accurate and in-depth understanding of the radial vibrations caused by the combined defect in the ball bearing.
Alternative calculation on transient elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication
Authors: Zhu Shaocheng , Zhang Weihua , Nelias Daniel 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose a new method to solve transient elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) problem.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the steady-state EHL solution is modified so that the elastic deformation theory is combined with oil film stiffness distribution instead of steady-state Reynolds equation. Second, subsequent dynamic EHL procedure develops, recursively using transient distributed oil film stiffness and damping, where each time-marching solution is iteratively searched by ensuring both oil film force growth and elastic deformation update for each load increment.

Findings
This method increases calculation speed and provides both distributed EHL stiffness and damping for transient regimes.

Originality/value
This method is of interest for fast applications such as rolling bearings or gears.
Modeling and optimization of nonlinear support stiffness of hydrostatic ram under the impact of cutting force
Authors: Wang Yumo , Liu Zhifeng , Cai Ligang , Cheng Qiang 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to study the nonlinear supporting performance of hydrostatic ram under the impact of cutting force and search for an optimal solution to improve its stiffness.

Design/methodology/approach
The Reynolds equation was applied to resolve the carrying capability of a single oil pad numerically, and an iteration method was used to analyze the nonlinear supporting force and stiffness of a pair of oil pads placed face-to-face. The total offset of ram could be obtained after the displacement of aspectant oil pads was solved by the bisection method. From the comparison of the offset values of ram evaluated under different support conditions, the optimal solution was determined.

Findings
In this study, an optimized oil supply allocation, concluded as 1.16:0.84, is proposed to improve the performance of hydrostatic ram supporting structure.

Originality/value
The supporting performance of hydrostatic ram could be improved by appropriate allocation of oil supply without extra energy consumption.
Banking, insurance and economic growth in India
Authors: Kaushal Shrutikeerti , Ghosh Amlan 
Published: February 2018

PurposeUnderstanding the role of financial intermediaries towards financial development and thereby the growth of an economy, this study aims to examine the long-run relationship between the development of banking and insurance sector and economic growth in India by covering different regimes including the regulated and the liberalized period.Design/methodology/approachFor examining the long-run relationship between these sectors, the study uses VAR-VECM technique. Further, Granger causality test is used to check if there is the presence of any causal link among these sectors.FindingsThe findings clearly indicate long-run relationship between economic growth and the development of banking and insurance sector, while the causality results show demand following relationship in the complete period where there is bi-directional causality in the post-liberalized period from insurance to economic growth.Research limitations/implicationsAs banking development is not found to support economic growth, this raises serious concerns towards the complex role of banks as against theory and demands further analysis to understand their role in an economy.Practical implicationsAs causality pattern has changed from demand following to bi-directional causality, it is vital to understand the importance of liberalization towards the economic growth of the country as well as the contribution of insurance sector towards economic growth in the liberalized environment.Originality/valueThis is the first effort to empirically explore the relationship between economic growth and the development of banking and insurance sector in India by covering the complete period (regulated and liberalized).
A policymaker’s dilemma: real linkages or irrational behaviors?
Authors: Emin Dogus 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to test whether the latest global financial crisis propagated contagiously from the USA to the rest of the world.Design/methodology/approachIf the reason of the propagation of a crisis is a normal time interdependence with the crisis origin country due to real linkages, the spread of crisis can be limited by implementing well-defined preventive policies. On the other hand, if a crisis propagates because of the speculative attacks or irrational behaviors, the “national policymakers will face difficulties in protecting their markets from such a crisis” (Kleimeier et al., 2003, p. 2). Therefore, separation of contagion and interdependence may provide crucial insights for policymakers to implement appropriate policies to prevent and/or stop the financial crisis. Hence, this paper compares the heteroscedasticity-corrected conditional correlations and dynamic conditional correlations in the tranquil and shock periods.FindingsThe findings were quite straightforward and consistent for both Forbes and Rigobon heteroscedasticity correction technique and dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model. The Forbes and Rigobon technique failed to reject the null of no contagion for 25 countries in our data sample, while the DCC model failed to reject the null of no contagion for 21 countries. While heteroscedasticity-corrected correlation technique confirmed the presence of a contagion for six countries, the DCC technique confirmed the presence of a contagion for ten countries.Originality/valueThis study particularly investigates whether the subprime mortgage crisis spilled over contagiously to the rest of the world. To investigate whether there is a significant increase in the cross-market correlations between the crisis origin country, the USA and the rest of the world markets during the latest financial crisis, both heteroscedasticity-corrected correlation technique and DCC model are used.Therefore, this study possibly contributes well to the literature using a large country set and conducting the analysis from different angles for important properties.
Designing learning spaces for management education: a mixed methods research approach
Authors: Alstete Jeffrey W. , Beutell Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on connecting recent conceptualizations of learning space design in management education by examining interior building and classroom design.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used mixed methods research: external benchmarking with same industry institutions (n=5) and two surveys of students (n=131) and faculty members (n=38).

Findings
The process helped to envision how a business school could improve by adapting design aspects from industry peers, understanding the needs of students and faculty, and incorporating new teaching methods and instructional technologies to inform learning space solutions.

Research limitations/implications
The small number of external benchmarking partners may make the findings more applicable to the institutional type examined. Yet, the findings and the mixed methods research have implications for learning space design more broadly.

Practical implications
With the business school building boom, the external architecture of new buildings appears to garner much of the attention. However, the researchers believe that the real impact of new business schools is the centrality of interior learning space design and technology.

Originality/value
This paper uses a mixed methods research approach to examine learning space theory and research in relation to a particular business school’s efforts to use this knowledge to design learning spaces in a new building.
In vitro antibiofilm and anti‐adhesion effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against antibiotic resistant bacteria
Authors: Hayat Sumreen , Muzammil Saima , Rasool Muhammad Hidayat , Nisar Zonaira , Hussain Syed Zajif , Sabri Anjum Nasim , Jamil Saba 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of the current investigation was to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of MgO nanoparticles (NPs) against antibiotic‐resistant clinical strains of bacteria. MgO NPs were synthesized by a wet chemical method and further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray. Antibacterial activity was determined by broth microdilution and agar diffusion methods. The Bradford method was used to assess cellular protein leakage as a result of loss of membrane integrity. Microtiter plate assay following crystal violet staining was employed to determine the effect of MgO NPs on biofilm formation and removal of established biofilms. MIC values ranged between 125 and 500 μg/mL. Moreover, treatment with MgO NPs accelerated rate of membrane disruption, measured as a function of leakage of cellular proteins. Leakage of cellular protein content was greater among gram‐negative bacteria. Cell adherence assay indicated 25.3–49.8% inhibition of bacterial attachment to plastic surfaces. According to a static biofilm method, MgO NPs reduced biofilm formation potential from 31% to 82.9% in a time‐dependent manner. Moreover, NPs also significantly reduced the biomass of 48, 72, 96 and 120 hr old biofilms (P < 0.05). Cytotoxicity experiments using a neutral red assay revealed that MgO NPs are non‐toxic to HeLa cells at concentrations of 15–120 μg/mL. These data provide in vitro scientific evidence that MgO NPs are effective and safe antibiofilm agents that inhibit adhesion, biofilm formation and removal of established biofilms of multidrug‐resistant bacteria.
Negative interest rates in Switzerland: What have we learned?
Authors: Danthine Jean‐Pierre 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Swiss National Bank introduced negative interest rates of minus 75 bp in mid‐January 2015. Large exemptions on commercial bank holdings at the Swiss National Bank result in the average rate being significantly less negative than the marginal rate. With this constellation the policy transmission to the real economy is asymmetric. It fully satisfies the needs of a small open economy in search of a negative interest differential, not those of an economy aiming at a “classical” monetary stimulus at the zero bound. While the Swiss design would make it possible to impose rates that are significantly more negative with modest complementary features, the unpopularity of negative rates makes it likely that the ambition to totally free monetary policy of the ZLB will, in the near future, be thwarted by democratic realities.
Assessing the Reliability of Self‐reported Income Information in Informal Small Business Lending through a Bogus Pipeline Experiment
Authors: Römer Ulf , Mußhoff Oliver , Weber Ron , Turvey Calum G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCoping with asymmetric information plays a major role in successful small business lending. Our purpose is to determine if small business applicants report their income information correctly when requesting a loan. We use a randomised controlled trial bogus pipeline experiment, established during a typical cash‐flow analysis of a bank for small businesses in the Philippines. The bogus pipeline approach is commonly applied in social science and aims to increase the rate of truth telling by informing participants that answers will be verified by a lie detector. The experimental data, which include 243 observations of credit clients that are mainly from the agricultural and food value chain, served to identify asymmetric information. Additionally, debtors’ repayment behaviour for approved loans was observed by the bank. Our results indicate that loan applicants of the treatment group report lower incomes, an effect which is most pronounced in lower income quantile. Our analyses also reveal higher loan delinquencies in the control group.
Local House Price Dynamics: New Indices and Stylized Facts
Authors: Bogin Alexander , Doerner William , Larson William 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe introduce the first publicly available data set of constant‐quality house price indices for counties, ZIP codes and census tracts in the United States, at an annual frequency, over a 40‐year period. Between 1990 and 2015, house price gradients within large cities steepen, documenting a reversal of decades of increasing relative desirability of suburban locations. Real house prices are more likely to be nonstationary near the centers of large cities. Within‐city differences in house price appreciation at the ZIP code level are, on average, about half of between‐city differences, though this ratio varies depending on the time period and city size.
Prospective analysis of the utility of 18‐FDG PET in Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: A Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group Study, TROG 09:03
Authors: Poulsen Michael , Macfarlane David , Veness Michael , Estall Venessa , Hruby George , Kumar Mahesh , Pullar Andrew , Tripcony Lee , Rischin Danny 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionTROG 09.03 prospectively studied the utility of Fluorine‐18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (18‐FDG) PET in the management of Merkel cell carcinoma of skin.MethodsFollowing consent and registration, a pre‐treatment FDG‐PET/CT was performed. Sites of avid disease were confirmed by cytology where practicable. Following surgery, patients with AJCCv7 Stages IIA‐IIIB disease were treated with chemo‐radiotherapy and reassessed with a post‐treatment PET.ResultsFifty‐eight subjects (45 males and 13 females, median age 68 years) were enrolled between 2011 and 2015, 43 patients of whom went on to receive chemo‐radiotherapy. An occult primary was present in 22 (37.9%), T1 in 22 (37.9%) and T2 disease in 14 (24.1%). Nodal disease was present in 69% of cases. Fifty per cent of subjects had gross residual disease at the primary site and/or nodal site at the time of registration. 18‐FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity of 94.74% (95% CI 82–99.3%) and a specificity of 88.24% (95% CI 63.56–98.54). The positive predictive value was 94.74% (83.01–98.51) and the negative predictive value was 88.24% (95% CI 65.81–96.69). The pre‐treatment PET influenced a treatment decision in 27.6% of cases. Upstaging occurred in 15 (25.9%), with no down staging. Other diseases were identified in 4 (6.9%) patients. Univariate analysis failed to demonstrate that pre‐treatment SUV levels or a negative post‐treatment PET had any impact on overall survival. PET staged patients had 89% 3‐year in‐field loco‐regional control and 76% 3‐year overall survival.ConclusionStaging 18‐FDG‐PET significantly influenced treatment decisions in approximately one‐third of cases of MCC and should be considered in the routine pre‐treatment work‐up. Post‐treatment PET was not found to be prognostic. Funding through the Medicare Benefits Schedule needs to be considered for high risk MCC.
Videolaryngoscopy vs. Macintosh laryngoscopy for double‐lumen tube intubation in thoracic surgery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu T. T. , Li L. , Wan L. , Zhang C. H. , Yao W. L. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryDouble‐lumen intubation is more difficult than single‐lumen tracheal intubation. Videolaryngoscopes have many advantages in airway management. However, the advantages of videolaryngoscopy for intubation with a double‐lumen tube remain controversial compared with traditional Macintosh laryngoscopy. In this study, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and the Web of Science for randomised controlled trials comparing videolaryngoscopy with Macintosh laryngoscopy for double‐lumen tube intubation. We found that videolaryngoscopy provided a higher success rate at first attempt for double‐lumen tube intubation, with an odds ratio (95%CI) of 2.77 (1.92–4.00) (12 studies, 1215 patients, moderate‐quality evidence, p < 0.00001), as well as a lower incidence of oral, mucosal or dental injuries during double‐lumen tube intubation, odds ratio (95%CI) 0.36 (0.15–0.85) (11 studies, 1145 patients, low‐quality evidence, p = 0.02), and for postoperative sore throat, odds ratio (95%CI) 0.54 (0.36–0.81) (7 studies, 561 patients, moderate‐quality evidence, p = 0.003), compared with Macintosh laryngoscopy. There were no significant differences in intubation time, with a standardised mean difference (95%CI) of −0.10 (−0.62 to 0.42) (14 studies, 1310 patients, very low‐quality evidence, p = 0.71); and the incidence of postoperative voice change, odds ratio (95%CI) 0.53 (0.21–1.31) (7 studies, 535 patients, low‐quality evidence, p = 0.17). Videolaryngoscopy led to a higher incidence of malpositioned double‐lumen tube, with an odds ratio (95%CI) of 2.23 (1.10–4.52) (six studies, 487 patients, moderate‐quality evidence, p = 0.03).
1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinolines as inhibitors of HIV‐1 integrase and human LEDGF/p75 interaction
Authors: George Anu , Gopi Krishna Reddy Alavala , Satyanarayana Gedu , Raghavendra Nidhanapati K 
Published: February 2018

Alkaloids are a class of organic compounds with a wide range of biological properties, including anti‐HIV activity. The 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline is a ubiquitous structural motif of many alkaloids. Using a short and an efficient route for synthesis, a series of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines/isoquinolines was developed. These compounds have been analysed for their ability to inhibit an important interaction between HIV‐1 integrase enzyme (IN) and human LEDGF/p75 protein (p75) which assists in the viral integration into the active genes. A lead compound 6d is found to inhibit the LEDGF/p75‐IN interaction in vitro with an IC50 of ~10 μm. Molecular docking analysis of the isoquinoline 6d reveals its interactions with the LEDGF/p75‐binding residues of IN. Based on an order of addition experiment, the binding of 6d or LEDGF/p75 to IN is shown to be mutually exclusive. Also, the activity of 6d in vitro is found to be unaffected by the presence of a non‐specific DNA. As reported earlier for the inhibitors of LEDGF/p75‐IN interaction, 6d exhibits a potent inhibition of both the early and late stages of HIV‐1 replication. Compound 6d differing from the known inhibitors in the chemical moieties and interactions with CCD could potentially be explored further for developing small molecule inhibitors of LEDGF/p75‐IN interaction having a higher potency.
New Maize Variety Adoption in Mozambique: A Spatial Approach
Authors: Fang Di , Richards Timothy J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFarmers in developing countries can dramatically improve their productivity by adopting new plant varieties. Yet, informational barriers often mean adoption rates remain low. In this study, we focus on how learning from others represents one means of removing informational barriers. We capture the effect of social learning through an explicitly spatial econometric model applied to farm‐level maize adoption rates in Mozambique. We find that social learning is significant and can help explain the apparent clustering of adoption among farmers. Agencies interested in promoting variety adoption, therefore, would be well served to leverage the strength of existing information networks, rather than imposing solutions that work against interfarmer information flow.
Nanos3 of the frog Rana rugosa: Molecular cloning and characterization
Authors: Kodama Maho , Yoshida Madoka , Endo Masami , Kobayashi Tohru , Oike Akira , Yasumasu Shigeki , Nakamura Masahisa 
Published: February 2018

Nanos is expressed in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) and also the germ cells of a variety of organisms as diverse as Drosophila, medaka fish, Xenopus and mouse. In Nanos3‐deficient mice, PGCs fail to incorporate into the gonad and the size of the testis and ovary is thereby dramatically reduced. To elucidate the role of Nanos in an amphibian species, we cloned Nanos3 cDNA from the testis of the R. rugosa frog. RT‐PCR analysis showed strong expression of Nanos3 mRNA in the testis of adult R. rugosa frogs, but expression was not sexually dimorphic during gonadal differentiation. In Nanos3‐knockdown tadpoles produced by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the number of germ cells decreased dramatically in the gonads of both male and female tadpoles before sex determination and thereafter. This was confirmed by three dimensional imaging of wild‐type and Nanos3 knockdown gonads using serial sections immunostained for Vasa, a marker specific to germ cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Nanos3 protein function is conserved between R. rugosa and mouse.