bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clock Drawing Performance Slows for Older Adults After Total Knee Replacement Surgery
Authors: Hizel Loren P. , Warner Eric D. , Wiggins Margaret E. , Tanner Jared J. , Parvataneni Hari , Davis Randall , Penney Dana L. , Libon David J. , Tighe Patrick , Garvan Cynthia W. , Price Catherine C. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Clock drawing is a neurocognitive screening tool used in preoperative settings. This study examined hypothesized changes in clock drawing to command and copy test conditions 3 weeks and 3 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with general anesthesia.

METHODS:
Participants included 67 surgery and 66 nonsurgery individuals >60 years who completed the digital clock drawing test before TKA (or a pseudosurgery date), and 3 weeks and 3 months postsurgery. Generalized linear mixed models assessed digital clock drawing test latency (ie, total time to completion, seconds between digit placement) and graphomotor output (ie, total number of strokes, clock size). Reliable change analyses examined the percent of participants showing change beyond differences found in nonsurgery peers.

RESULTS:
After adjusting for age, education, and baseline cognition, both digital clock drawing test latency measures were significantly different for surgery and nonsurgery groups, where the surgery group performed slower on both command and copy test conditions. Reliable change analyses 3 weeks after surgery found that total time to completion was slower among 25% of command and 21% of copy constructions in the surgery group. At 3 months, 18% of surgery participants were slower than nonsurgery peers. Neither graphomotor measure significantly changed over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clock drawing construction slowed for nearly one-quarter of patients after TKA surgery, whereas nonsurgery peers showed the expected practice effect, ie, speed increased from baseline to follow-up time points. Future research should investigate the neurobiological basis for these changes after TKA.
Development and Multidisciplinary Preliminary Validation of a 3-Dimensional–Printed Pediatric Airway Model for Emergency Airway Front-of-Neck Access Procedures
Authors: Kovatch Kevin J. , Powell Allison R. , Green Kevin , Reighard Chelsea L. , Green Glenn E. , Gauger Virginia T. , Rooney Deborah M. , Zopf David A. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Pediatric-specific difficult airway guidelines include algorithms for 3 scenarios: unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation, difficult mask ventilation, and cannot intubate/cannot ventilate. While rare, these instances may require front-of-neck access (FONA) to secure an airway until a definitive airway can be established. The aim of this study was to develop a pediatric FONA simulator evaluated by both anesthesiology and otolaryngology providers, promoting multidisciplinary airway management.

METHODS:
A 3-dimensional–printed tracheal model was developed using rescaled, anatomically accurate dimensions from a computerized tomography scan using computer-aided design software. The medical grade silicone model was incorporated into a mannequin to create a low-cost, high-fidelity simulator. A multidisciplinary team of anesthesiology, otolaryngology, and simulation experts refined the model. Experts in airway management were recruited to rate the realism of the model’s characteristics and features and their own ability to complete specific FONA-related tasks.

RESULTS:
Six expert raters (3 anesthesiology and 3 otolaryngology) were identified for multidisciplinary evaluation of model test content validity. Analysis of response data shows null variance within 1 or both specialties for a majority of the content validity tool elements. High and consistent absolute ratings for each domain indicate that the tested experts perceived this trainer as a realistic and highly valuable tool in its current state.

CONCLUSIONS:
The ability to practice front-of-neck emergency airway procedures safely and subsequently demonstrate proficiency on a child model has great implications regarding both quality of physician training and patient outcomes. This model may be incorporated into curricula to teach needle cricothyroidotomy and other FONA procedures to providers across disciplines.
Addition of Infiltration Between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Posterior Knee and Adductor Canal Block to Periarticular Injection Enhances Postoperative Pain Control in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim David H. , Beathe Jonathan C. , Lin Yi , YaDeau Jacques T. , Maalouf Daniel B. , Goytizolo Enrique , Garnett Christopher , Ranawat Amar S. , Su Edwin P. , Mayman David J. , Memtsoudis Stavros G. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Periarticular injections (PAIs) are becoming a staple component of multimodal joint pathways. Motor-sparing peripheral nerve blocks, such as the infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) and the adductor canal block (ACB), may augment PAI in multimodal analgesic pathways for knee arthroplasty, but supporting literature remains rare. We hypothesized that the addition of ACB and IPACK to PAI would lower pain on ambulation on postoperative day (POD) 1 compared to PAI alone.

METHODS:
This triple-blinded randomized controlled trial included 86 patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Patients either received (1) a PAI (control group, n = 43) or (2) an IPACK with an ACB and modified PAI (intervention group, n = 43). The primary outcome was pain on ambulation on POD 1. Secondary outcomes included numeric rating scale (NRS) pain scores, patient satisfaction, and opioid consumption.

RESULTS:
The intervention group reported significantly lower NRS pain scores on ambulation than the control group on POD 1 (difference in means [95% confidence interval], −3.3 [−4.0 to −2.7]; P < .001). In addition, NRS pain scores on ambulation on POD 0 (−3.5 [−4.3 to −2.7]; P < .001) and POD 2 (−1.0 [−1.9 to −0.1]; P = .033) were significantly lower. Patients in the intervention group were more satisfied, had less opioid consumption (P = .005, postanesthesia care unit, P = .028, POD 0), less intravenous opioids (P < .001), and reduced need for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (P = .037).

CONCLUSIONS:
The addition of IPACK and ACB to PAI significantly improves analgesia and reduces opioid consumption after total knee arthroplasty compared to PAI alone. This study strongly supports IPACK and ACB use within a multimodal analgesic pathway.
Grade 3 Echocardiographic Diastolic Dysfunction Is Associated With Increased Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Yan , Liu Lin , Cheng Tong , Wang Dong-Xin , Yang Hong-Yun , Zhang Bao-Wei , Yang Ying , Chen Feng , Li Xue-Ying 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Diastolic dysfunction is common and may increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. This study investigated the hypothesis that, in patients with isolated left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, higher grade diastolic dysfunction was associated with greater risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after surgery.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study. Data of adult patients with isolated echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction (ejection fraction, ≥50%) who underwent noncardiac surgery from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 were collected. The primary end point was the occurrence of postoperative MACEs during hospital stay, which included acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, nonfatal cardiac arrest, and cardiac death. The association between the grade of diastolic dysfunction and the occurrence of MACEs was assessed with a multivariable logistic model.

RESULTS:
A total of 2976 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these, 297 (10.0%) developed MACEs after surgery. After correction for confounding factors, grade 3 diastolic dysfunction was associated with higher risk of postoperative MACEs (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.27; P < .001) when compared with grades 1 and 2. Patients with grade 3 diastolic dysfunction developed more non-MACE complications when compared with grades 1 and 2 (uncorrected odds ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.95; P = .017).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with isolated diastolic dysfunction undergoing noncardiac surgery, 10.0% develop MACEs during hospital stay after surgery; grade 3 diastolic dysfunction is associated with greater risk of MACEs.
Residing Tradition of Muslim Community in Java Northern Coastal
Authors: Suprapti Atiek , Iswanto Dhanoe 
Published: September 2018

The development of globalization has been encouraged social changing of the city. The less social behaviour occured in the daily of urban community and has became a preferred life style. This situation will be a seriouse threat for the urban social life. A good city should be able to create many places for its people, that could make people feel comford and feel like home to live inside. A place expresses its local culture has potential to be a local identity. Locatity is an imporant point that is needed by a nation to attrach roles in globalization era. The characteristic of muslim city is a place to muslim community live in that do the Idlamic shariah well. Since in the 11’th century the region of north coast of Java has been known as an entrance gate of Islam teaching in Indonesia. The region of Demak and Kudus are the old city which are saving many artefact and tradition of living of muslim community. Kauman is an important place related to this case. The purpose of this paper is to describe the phenomena of Muslim residence present in Demak and Kudus, using descriptive qualitative methods. The result is that the existence of Muslim residence in this region occured because of the strong support of coastal economic. There is a considerable difference between the Muslim residence in Demak and in Kudus. The Muslim residence in Demak develops with the character of hierarchical, dependent society; while in Kudus develops an egalitarian and independent character of residence. In Kudus known the social kinship of 'Gusjigang', while in Demak emerged the Kasepuhan & Notobratan kinship which was the heir of Sunan Kalijaga. The characteristic of the two Muslim cities on the north coast of Java shows the uniqueness of Muslim cities that are not found in other areas.
Next-generation rapid serum tube technology using prothrombin activator coagulant: fast, high-quality serum from normal samples
Authors: Zhao Kong-Nan , Dimeski Goce , de Jersey John , Johnson Lambro A. , Grant Michael , Masci Paul P. , Lavin Martin F. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Incomplete blood clotting or latent clotting in serum is a common laboratory problem, especially for patients on anticoagulant therapy or when serum tubes are centrifuged before clotting is completed. We describe a novel approach to producing high-quality serum using snake venom prothrombin activator complex (OsPA) as an additive in blood collection tubes for non-anticoagulated (normal) individuals.

Methods
Plasma clotting assays were performed using a Hyland-Clotek instrument. Blood clotting was visually observed, and thromboelastography was also performed to determine the important parameters of coagulation. Thrombin generation was assayed using the chromogenic substrate S-2238, and biochemical analytes in the serum were determined on chemistry and immunoassay analysers. Fibrinogen was determined by either ELISA or Clauss fibrinogen assay.

Results
We initially showed that OsPA had strong coagulation activity in clotting not only recalcified citrated plasma and recalcified citrated whole blood, but also fresh whole blood in a clinical setting. The use of TEG clearly showed improved speed of clotting and generation of a firmer clot. We also showed that the use of OsPA to produce serum did not interfere with the determination of commonly measured biochemical analytes. The underlying clotting mechanism involves a burst of thrombin production at the initial stages of the clotting process upon contact with prothrombin in blood.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate rapid generation of high-quality serum, contributing to faster turnaround times with standardised quality samples, for accurate analyte determinations in normal individuals.
Beeindruckende Mathematik-Erfolge im 53. Bundeswettbewerb ,Jugend forscht‘
Authors: Bayer Jonas , David Marco , Dubischar Simon , Haßler Malte , Pal Abhik , Schmalian Michael , Stock Benedikt , Schiemann Stephanie 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Jahr gab es beim Bundeswettbewerb „Jugend forscht“ mehrere ausgezeichnete Arbeiten im Bereich der Mathematik. Die Fachgebietsjury mit Jürgen Richter-Gebert als Sprecher war fasziniert von der Qualität
der diesjährigen Beiträge. Michael Röckner (Präsident der DMV): „Wegen der außergewöhnlich exzellenten Arbeiten im Bereich der Mathematik entschloss sich die DMV kurzfristig, anstelle des einen üblichen
Sonderpreises für eine außergewöhnliche mathematische Arbeit, gleich drei zu vergeben. Diese drei ,Jugend-forscht‘-Projekte, die sich hier vorstellen, haben im Fachgebiet Mathematik/Informatik den 2. und
3. Preis erzielt sowie den „Preis der Preise“, den fächerübergreifenden Bundessieger-Preis des Bundespräsidenten. Wir hoffen, dass es auch in Zukunft wieder mehr starke Mathematik-Arbeiten geben wird.
Ich möchte darauf hinweisen, dass diese drei Arbeiten von zwei engagierten Professoren betreut wurden, die auch in früheren Jahren mehrfach auf dem Bundeswettbewerb prämierte Arbeiten betreut hatten:
Frank Herrlich aus Karlsruhe und Dierk Schleicher aus Bremen. Deutschlandweit wird es vermutlich noch weit mehr Potential für erfolgreiche Nachwuchsarbeiten geben. Dieser Artikel soll Kolleginnen und Kollegen
an Universitäten und Schulen anregen, sich hier unterstützend zu engagieren.“
Cédric Villani und die Künstliche Intelligenz
Authors: Ammann Bernd , Zentner Raphael 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
In Frankreich in aller Munde, in Deutschland noch wenig beachtet. Für junge Mathematiker bietet sie neue Berufsfelder, unser tägliches Leben wird sie verändern, viele technische Bereiche werden durch sie revolutioniert: die künstliche Intelligenz. Der
Mathematiker Cédric Villani möchte dieses wichtige Gebiet in Frankreich und noch lieber in ganz Europa nach vorne bringen und diskutierte im Vorfeld der Gauß-Vorlesung in Regensburg mit Wissenschaftlern und Vertretern der Industrie. Die wichtigsten
Anliegen von Villanis Initiative haben sich inzwischen zu Eckpunkten der Politik der deutschen Bundesregierung entwickelt.
Mathe studiert – und dann?
Authors: Vaillant Kristina , Hikel Martin 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zwischen Szenekiez und organisierter Kriminalität – so wird der Berliner Bezirk Neukölln häufig in den Medien auf einen Nenner gebracht. Dass das zwar einerseits ein nicht ganz
unpassendes Klischee ist, dass Neukölln aber trotzdem für viel mehr steht, weiß Martin Hikel genau. Der Mathematiklehrer ist im bürgerlichen Süden des Bezirks zur Schule gegangen und
wurde im März 2018 mit 31 Jahren zum Bürgermeister von Neukölln gewählt. Der jüngste Berliner Bürgermeister versteht sich als Problemlöser, der die Aufgaben, die vor ihm liegen, mit
einer großen Portion Gelassenheit angehen will: Nüchternheit statt Skandalisierung, Ausdauer statt Schnellschüsse, vielleicht ist das ein Politikstil, der ankommt und bald schonWirkung zeigt.
Das disruptive Potential der Blockchain-Technologie
Authors: Hablizel Markus 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Das Geschäftsmodell eines Versicherers beruht auf einem zentralen Element: Vertrauen. Vertrauen des
Kunden auf Hilfe im Schadensfall; Vertrauen auf die richtige Beratung durch den Vermittler; Vertrauen auf
den Versicherer, dass er die ihm übertragenen Risiken angemessen managt; Vertrauen der Investoren und
Aktionäre, dass das bereit gestellte Kapital gewinnbringend eingesetzt wird; und zuletzt auch, Vertrauen der
Gesellschaft darauf, dass existenzbedrohende Risiken ihrer Bürger abgesichert werden können.
Zusammengefasst: Ein Versicherer ist der Inbegriff eines Trustbrokers. Dieses auf Vertrauen basierende Geschäftsmodell wird durch die Blockchain erschüttert.
In diesem Artikel werden die Auswirkungen der Blockchain-Technologie mit einem besonderen Fokus auf
die Versicherungsbranche diskutiert. Da die Technologie auf Komponenten aus der Mathematik und
Informatik basiert, wird ein gewisses Interesse der Leserschaft hieran angenommen. Der Artikel verzichtet
bewusst auf manche technischen Details, sondern soll vielmehr das disruptive Potential aus der
geschäftlichen Perspektive aufzeigen.
Zum 100. Geburtstag von Katherine Johnson
Authors: Vaillant Kristina 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ihre Geschichte wurde mit dem Buch Hidden Figures und dem gleichnamigen Kinofilm einer breiten Öffentlichkeit
bekannt: Katherine Johnson, eine afroamerikanische NASA-Mathematikerin, die in den fünfziger und sechziger
Jahren maßgeblich dazu beitrug, dass die USA, nach Juri Gagarins erster Erdumrundung, im Wettlauf der
Supermächte in der Raumfahrt mit der Sowjetunion zumindest gleichziehen konnte. Am 26. August 2018 feierte
die Pionierin ihren 100. Geburtstag.
„Die Franzosen sind von der Mathematik fasziniert“
Authors: Agricola Ilka , Torossian Charles 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
In Ergänzung zur Zusammenfassung des Berichts zum Mathematik-Unterricht
(„21 mesures pour l’enseignement des mathématiques“) in Frankreich hat die DMV die
Gelegenheit gehabt, mit einem der beiden Autoren ein Interview zu führen.
Das Oldenburger Mathe-Camp
Authors: Grieser Daniel , Hawighorst Maren 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Mathematikbegeisterte SchülerInnen aus der Region Oldenburg in Niedersachsen können
seit 2014 jeden Januar auf dem dreitägigen Mathe-Camp ihrer Leidenschaft frönen. Es gibt
zahlreiche ähnliche Aktivitäten in Deutschland und international, doch unsere Erfahrung
zeigt, dass der Bedarf groß ist: Es könnten noch viel mehr sein. Wir wollen kurz über unser
Mathe-Camp berichten, um zu informieren und anderen Mut zu machen, ihr eigenes
Mathe-Camp ins Leben zu rufen.
The Fairy Tale of Low Inflation in the Euro Area
Authors: Hochstein Martin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
There are strong indications that actual consumer inflation in the euro area is understated by official price measures. The exclusion of homeowner shelter costs and inadequate quality adjustments for certain basket items are among the reasons for a potential downward bias in Eurostat's Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, which would have widespread ramifications not only for consumers but also for the broader economy and financial markets. By focusing on the HICP as a yardstick for its primary objective of medium-term price stability, the European Central Bank relies on a too narrowly defined and error-prone inflation concept.
Ideologies of the Chinese language in Finland
Authors: Liu Haiqin , Holmes Prue 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the visibility and importance of the Chinese language (Mandarin) has been rising globally due to its emerging status as a significant global language used by native and non-native speakers and learners. This study looks into how Finland, a small country where English is used as a second language, deals with the growing prominence of the Chinese language. More specifically, we are interested in how Finnish policies and media respond and contribute to the emerging global discourses on the Chinese language. Drawing on critical discourse analysis we examined the discourses on the Chinese language presented in policy documents and two of the main news outlets in Finland—Yleisradio (Yle) and Helsingin Sanomat (HS)—with the aim to reveal what ideologies lie behind the construction of the Chinese language. Four prevailing categories of ideological discourses of the Chinese language emerged from our analysis of the political and media texts: Chinese as a useful language, Chinese as a world/global language, Chinese as an increasingly popular language, and Chinese as a different and/or difficult language. We argue that despite the multiple societal meanings the Chinese language appears to have in the policy documents and news articles, the discourses are related to the economic allure of China and share similar ideological roots that emphasize the symbolic capital of the Chinese language.
Estimation of wood density by the core drilling technique
Authors: Bobadilla Ignacio , Martínez Roberto D. , Esteban Miguel , Llana Daniel F. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Density estimation by non-destructive or semi-destructive methods is applied mainly on softwood species. The instruments are expensive, the methods are complicated and the determination coefficients are low. In the present study, the simple core hollow drilling approach is revisited. Data of 600 cores or cylindrical specimens from 300 pieces of 10 different softwood and hardwood species were evaluated in the density range from 350 to 975 kg m−3. The data were obtained from complete pieces and from the cores from core drilling, while the difference between the two data sets is 1.7%. At higher densities, the differences are greater. A model was proposed concerning the piece density estimation with a determination coefficient of 0.98. It is concluded that core drill is a cheap and reliable method for density estimation and the data are equally reliable for radial (R) or tangential (T) probing. The cylindrical cores obtained are suitable for moisture content (MC) and species determination.
Depression in a sample of Tunisian adolescents: prevalence, associated factors and comorbidity with anxiety disorders
Authors: Sendi Ibtissem , Chouikh Amira , Ammar Asma , Bouafia Nabiha 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Adolescent depression is a significant health problem which can lead to detrimental consequences. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the depression in a sample of secondary school students, to identify its associated factors and to explore the co-occurrence with symptoms of anxiety disorders.

Materials and methods
We conducted, in March 2017, a cross-sectional study that included, using a cluster sampling technique, 386 students from five public secondary schools in El Kef (Tunisia). Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Arabic versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (13 items) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results
The prevalence of depression among participants was 75.9%. Of depressed students, 30.4% had mild depression, 48.8% had moderate depression and 20.8% had severe depression. The logistic regression analysis showed an association between the depression and the female gender [odds ratio (OR) = 2.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–4.17], the 1st and 4th school grades (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.09–2.94), the low and medium socioeconomic status (SES) (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.14–3.18), the school dissatisfaction (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.41–5.44) and the anxiety disorders (OR = 5.86, 95% CI: 3.54–9.70). The comorbidity “depression and anxiety” was found in 86.1% of students.

Conclusion
This high prevalence of depressive symptoms reported in the present study seems to have many implications especially for school health-care services.