bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary incontinence among female patients attending a selected public hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Shima , Akter Halim Khondoker Mahmuda , Khatun Ratna , Islam Sharmin , Chowdhury A. B. M. Alauddin , Muhammad Faisal 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Urinary incontinence is a frequent public health problem with negative social consequences, particularly for women. Women are much more susceptible to urinary incontinence than men. Female susceptibility is the result of anatomical, social, economic and cultural factors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study was conducted to find out the factors related to urinary incontinence, distribution of types of incontinence among female patients and their health care seeking behavior and socio-demographic characteristics among 121 adult female patients who attended the outpatient department of Gynae and Obstetrics department and Urology department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital during the period of January to June 2016. Data were collected through face to face interview. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the respondents was 43.42 years and the mean monthly income of the respondents was 17409.09 taka. Little above nine-tenths (91.7%) of the respondents were Muslim and the majority of the respondents (47.9%) were living in pacca house. More than seven-tenths (73.6%) of the respondents were married and over 35% of the respondents were illiterate. Among the respondents about 42.1% of them had pressure type of incontinence, followed by mixed incontinence (27.3%). Over 65% had some complication during delivery and little above six-tenths (61.2%) had gynecological problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Female urinary incontinence is a frequent and a major embarrassing healthcare problem in Bangladesh. Patients who had complications during labor, having multipara, recurrent UTI, gynecological problem such as uterine prolapse, urethral injury, had high percentage of urinary incontinence. Patients with urinary incontinence should be encouraged to seek treatment early as the problem can be treated. </p>
A study on dietary pattern of patients with type-2 diabetes
Authors: Bashet Md. Abdul , Dash Tushar Chandra , Rahman Md. Estiar , Moonajilin Most Sabrina 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly in middle and low income countries. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death in 2016. The study aimed to assess dietary pattern of rural patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Bangladesh.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 149 patients with T2DM from Nagorpur, Tangail district in Bangladesh. The daily intake of foods was assessed by a prepared seven days food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed and chi square test was employed to signify association between variables. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total 149 patients with T2DM were included in the study. The patient’s mean age and BMI was 46.68 (±10.05) years and 22.51 (±2.28) respectively. The average intake of calorie, carbohydrate, protein and fat of the patients was 1572 (±268) Kcal/day, 241 (±33) g/day, 85 (±15) g/day and 57 (±11) g/day respectively. Gender was associated with calorie (χ<sup>2</sup>=16.68, p&lt;0.05), carbohydrate (χ<sup>2</sup>=10.63, p&lt;0.05) and protein (χ<sup>2</sup>=9.42, p&lt;0.05) intake. Age was also associated with calorie (χ<sup>2</sup>=13.54, p&lt;0.05) and fat (χ<sup>2</sup>=13.16, p&lt;0.05) intake. However, the study revealed that majority of the diabetic patients follows recommended dietary guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> To prevent diabetes and manage its complications, dietary guideline should be followed appropriately. We found quite satisfactory results regarding dietary intake of patients with T2DM. Yet, continual interventions need to be provided. </p>
Effect of endotracheal intubation versus laryngeal mask airway on patient’s quality of voice and swallowing
Authors: Sõber Linda , Lepner Urmas , Kirsimägi Ülle , Kasenõmm Priit 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of our study was to evaluate postoperative voice and swallowing disorders during the first postoperative week and to compare these findings between two anesthesia methods: endotracheal intubation tube (ETI) and laryngeal mask airway (LMA).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ETI (n=103) and patients who underwent open hernioplasty or lower extremity varicectomy with LMA (n=100). All subjects underwent preoperatively and during the first postoperative week laryngeal imaging by videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS), filled in subjective evaluations of voice and swallowing complaints. In addition, acoustic voice analysis (AVA), maximum phonation time (MPT) measurement and perceptual voice evaluation were conducted. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> VLS showed visual changes in pharyngeal and laryngeal anatomy in 4 (4%) patients of the LMA group and 14 (13.6%) patients of the ETI group (p=0.02). No statistically significant postoperative subjective voice and swallowing changes were found in either group. In female patients AVA showed a statistically significant increase of the SPI value in the ETI group (p=0.037). In male patients we noted an increase in mean fundamental frequency (F<sub>0</sub>) and decrease in MPT with both ventilation methods.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Both investigated ventilation methods can be regarded as practically equal. Although clinical signs showed more intense trauma in the ETI group, objective measurements and patient subjective evaluation of voice and swallowing function were similar in both groups.</p><p> </p>
Use of bacterial cellulose in closure of nasal septal perforation
Authors: Mandour Yasser Mohammad Hassan , Fahmy Shendy Mohammed , Badie Samer , Elrefai Ahmed , Mohammed Samira , Abdel Menem M. O. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> 30 patients with nasal septal perforation after surgical correction of septal deviation undergoing trials of septal closure were divided into 2 groups to compare between results of free inferior turbinate graft with bacterial cellulose and results of free inferior turbinate graft only in closure of nasal septal perforation. To compare between results of free inferior turbinate graft with bacterial cellulose and results of free inferior turbinate graft only in closure of nasal septal perforation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective randomized study in which 30 patients with nasal septal perforation after surgical correction of septal deviation undergoing trials of septal closure were divided into 2 groups; group I (15 patients) in which free inferior turbinate graft with bacterial cellulose would be used in closure of nasal septal perforation; group II (15 patients) in which free inferior turbinate graft only would be used in closure of nasal septal perforation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Septal perforation healing (closure) would be in 10 patients in group I while in 6 patients in group II. Improvement in nasal obstruction, crustion, epistaxis and breathing sound in group I would be better than in group II.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Use of free inferior turbinate graft with bacterial cellulose would be an effective method than use of free inferior turbinate graft only in closure of nasal septal perforation.</p>
The prevalence of thyroid ima artery and its clinical significance
Authors: Chin Justin , Zhou YaQun , Wan Peter J. , Lomiguen Christine M. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The thyroid ima artery (TIA) is an anatomical anomaly that commonly functions as an accessory blood supply for the isthmus and inferior aspect of the thyroid. Limited research has been performed to investigate the relative prevalence and clinical implications of the TIA in present literature.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Dissections were conducted on cadavers in the anatomy laboratory at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York (Harlem Campus), with 94 subjects examined using standard methods to identify thyroid vasculature and to determine the presence of a thyroid ima artery. Known origins of the thyroid ima artery were also examined for possible branching. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 94 cadavers, only one was found to have a thyroid ima artery present, suggesting a prevalence of 1.06 percent.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The thyroid ima artery is significant in its influence in head and neck procedures as well as emergent airway creation. With its relative rarity, its presence is worthy of consideration as a possible hematological source for hemorrhage.</p>
Comparison of conventional temporalis fascia myringoplasty with fascia lata myringoplasty among patients with hearing loss
Authors: Verma Sumeer , Arora Anshu , Narvey Ved Prakash 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In selection of a graft tissue factors considered include its biological properties, probability of survival, its adequacy in size and ease of procurement<strong> </strong>The present study aims to preoperatively predict hearing improvement by paper patch test and compare with postoperative hearing improvement i.e. pre and post operatively hearing assessment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted on 25 cases undergoing myringoplasty with Fascia lata and Temporalis fascia as a graft material among the patients fulfilling the standard criteria for myringoplasty i.e. pars tensa perforation, good cochlear reserve, dry ear and normal eustachian tube function were considered for surgery. Myringoplasty was done from post aural route for harvesting fascia temporalis graft &amp; from upper 1/3rd of thigh laterally to harvest fascia lata. Each case was followed up post operatively monthly for 3 months. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Factors which influence graft take up are the size of perforation and lack of infection at the time of surgery and postoperative. Large perforations were difficult to repair as it took more time to heal. Surgery performed postaurally underlay technique using temporal fascia was associated with less morbidity, better uptake and lesser postoperative complications but permeatal route also serve similar purpose and does not affect the result of study significantly.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study compared both temporal fascia and fascia lata as graft materials for myringoplasty and proved that myringoplasty done by postaural underlay technique using temporal fascia holds best as per graft uptake, hearing improvement and postoperative complications when compared to fascia lata myringoplasty.</p>
Evaluation of myiasis in hospital attending population in a tertiary care hospital in Jalgoan
Authors: Sheikh Shahnaz , Bajaj Anushree , Vaze Vikrant 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Human myiasis can present as aural myiasis, nasal myiasis, ocular, urogenital etc. Aural myiasis can lead to perforation of tympanic membrane, hearing loss, haemorrrhage and rarely the larva migrates into the meninges. Inflammatory reaction at the site if larviposition due to mast cell activation and IgE production may limit larval development. Flies are generally attractive to odour of decaying necrotic tissue, which can arise from chronic otorrhea or sinusitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted at Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College in the department of ENT from January 2017 to January 2019. On examination patients were irritable and blood stained ear discharge was noted in aural cases, while similar discharge from the nose in nasal cases. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Over the 2 year study period a total of 200 cases of myiasis were seen. The youngest child seen was 11months and the oldest 70 years of age. Females (57.89%) were affected more commonly than males (41.48%). Most cases (96.8%) were from a rural background. Aural myiasis occurred from May to December. The peak incidence for both was seen from September to October.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Myiasis is a rare and benign manifestation with zero mortality rate. Meanwhile as it has been hypothesized in otolaryngology that intracerebral myiasis can be caused by the transcanal migration and invasion of fly larvae, there was no association between aural myiasisis and intracerebral pathology of any kind observed in the study. The overwhelming majority of cases can be successfully managed without the need for surgical intervention.</p>
Immediate and delayed complications of adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Sebastian Gerald P. , Thiagarajan Balasubramanian , Devadason Pethuru 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is the commonest pediatric otorhinolaryngological procedure. The aim of the present study was to compare the intraoperative (immediate) and postoperative (delayed) complications between in conventional and coablation tonsillectomy in children.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This observational study was conducted among 100 children between 5 and 15 years who had conventional tonsillectomy and 50 children who had coblation tonsillectomy. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed and compared between two groups. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the total 150 children, 64 (42.7%) were males and 86 (57.3%) were females with mean age of 9.42±2.67 years. Common preoperative symptoms were odynophagia (96.0%), throat pain (95.3%) and difficult swallowing (89.3%). Among the intraoperative anesthetic complications, compression of endotracheal tube was observed in 19 (12.7%), accidental extubation in 10 (6.7%) and dislodging of loose tooth in 9 (6.0%) patients. Regarding intraoperative surgical complications, primary hemorrhage was seen in 43 (28.7%), edema uvula in 39 (26.0%) and pillar injury in 33 (22.0%) patients. Commonest postoperative complication was oropharyngeal pain (18.7%) followed by primary hemorrhage (14.0%) and nausea, vomiting (13.3%). Immediate complications like primary haemorrhage (p value 0.0001) and uvula edema (p value 0.018) were significantly associated with conventional tonsillectomy group while delayed complications like secondary haemorrhage (p value 0.011) and referred otalgia (p value 0.0001) were with coblation tonsillectomy group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Compression of endotracheal tube and primary hemorrhage were the commonest intraoperative anesthetic and surgical complication respectively. Immediate complications were significantly associated with conventional tonsillectomy group while delayed complications were with coblation tonsillectomies.</p>
Comparative study of colour Doppler vs. FNNAC findings in WHO grade II thyroid enlargement in adult females
Authors: M. S. Sudhakar Rao , T. P. Navneeth , C. J. John 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid gland disorders form one of the most common endocrinal and surgical problems encountered in clinical practice. FNNAC is widely accepted as the primary and better method than FNAC for investigation but has its disadvantages. Colour Doppler is a non-invasive, low cost, easily available and repeatable investigation with least patient discomfort and can be valuable in detection of benign and malignant thyroid enlargements.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty cases of adult females with WHO grade 2 thyroid enlargement attending the department of otorhinolaryngology selected on simple random basis were included in this study. Following written consent, Colour Doppler scanning and FNNAC test were done on the thyroid swelling and the results were analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of patients was 32.44 years. The mean age of malignancy was 44.66 years and showed statistically significant association. The Resistive and Pulsatility index and combination of both were found to have statistically significant results in detecting malignant and benign lesions The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of RI and PI were 83.33%, 94.12%, 71.43%, 96.97% and 50%, 94.12%, 60% and 91.43% respectively. On combining both the indices, the sensitivity was 91.67% and the positive predictive value was 97.06%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Colour Doppler can differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid enlargements using Resistive index (of&gt;0.75) and Pulsatility Index (of&gt;1.5) and can be a complementary diagnostic tool in the thyroid enlargement lesions, considering its accuracy, cost-effectiveness, easy availability and non-invasive repeatable nature.</p>
A clinical study of complications of diphtheria
Authors: Arya Pooja , Maharia Manphool S. , Kadela Ramesh K. , . Deepchand 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diphtheria is an acute infectious preventable disease of childhood caused by <em>C</em>. <em>diphtheriae</em>. Diphtheria is a localized infection of mucous membrane or skin.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology S.P. Medical College and associated group of hospital. In this study all cases of diphtheria and all age groups which attended ENT OPD and emergency department during period from 1/1/2010 to 31/12/2010 were included. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the present study highest numbers of cases were recorded among 5-10 years of age followed by 0-5 year of age group. 57.59% patients were male and 42.41% patients were female. It was found that occurrence of diphtheria was highest in month November and October and was quit frequent during September and December. No cases during April, June and July. It was observed that most common post diphtheria complication was myocarditis (23.42%) followed by neurological complication.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In order to prevent complication of the disease active immunization is customary and in order to detect the disease at early stage and for prompt treatment masses should be educated regarding the dreadful nature of the disease.</p>
Varied orbital manifestations of paranasal sinus disease
Authors: Harugop Anil Kumar S. , Mudhol Ramesh S. , Bhimanapati Deepthi , Soni Samanvaya , Bellad Shama A. , Achuta Aparna , . Suhasini 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Even though sinusitis is a common clinical entity, its complications are seen rarely after the advent of antibiotics. Hence we aimed to analyse varied clinical presentations and manifestations of orbital involvement in paranasal sinus diseases and their outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Hospital based prospective study done from January 2007 to December 2017. We selected 65 patients in our study based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Type of orbital involvement was analysed by computed tomography scan. Immediate aggressive medical management was started and surgery was undertaken if there is no clinical improvement in 48 hours. Endoscopic sinus surgery done along with orbital decompression and drained pus was sent for culture sensitivity. Patients were followed up regularly and suction clearance was done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 65 patients, 50 were male and 15 were female. 24 patients had bacterial pathology, 40 had fungal pathology and 1 patient had non specific inflammatory disease consistent with mucocoele. Out of 24 bacterial sinusitis, 2 had bilateral disease and 1 patient had scalp and neck extension. Out of 40 fungal sinusitis, 2 patients had 6th cranial nerve palsy with sphenoid disease, 5 patients had palatal extension and 8 patients had intracranial involvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> All cases of orbital oedema and proptosis should be thoroughly evaluated for sinus disease. Computed tomography aids to know the extent of disease, deciding about the type and mode of intervention. Early diagnosis and immediate intervention reduces significant mortality and morbidity. However regular follow up, counselling the patients and relatives helps in achieving appropriate outcome.</p>
Otorhinolaryngological manifestations in Down syndrome: MERF experience
Authors: Anto Ronald , Natarajan Kiran , Sampathkumar Raghunandhan , Kumar Anand , Kameswaran Mohan 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Syndromic children often pose a spectrum of challenges to the paediatric otolaryngologist. Syndromes like the Down syndrome present with a multitude of manifestations in the head and neck region and require careful management.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study of thirty patients with Down syndrome presenting from January 2013 to January 2018 in a tertiary care setting was done. All patients were evaluated by ENT examination and further investigations based on the complaints. The aim was to study the various ENT disorders in Down syndrome patients and their management. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common disorder was hearing loss in eleven patients followed by rhinosinusitis in ten patients, adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion (OME) in six patients and obstructive sleep apnea in three patients. Most of the patients had medical management; very few needed surgery. Successful outcomes were possible for all patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dealing with otorhinolaryngological disorders may pose a management challenge in Down syndrome and this requires a well experienced ENT, medical and rehabilitative team to provide optimal management and good quality of life to these children.</p>
Bilateral concha bullosa with right sided extensive rhinolith: a case report
Authors: Prinja Sumit , Davessar Jailal , Singh Gurbax , Jindal Simmi , Bali Alisha 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract">Anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses can lead to various diseases per se. The paranasal sinus anatomy should be carefully examined prior to performing endoscopic sinus surgery in terms of both existent pathologies and anatomic variations. The anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and its variations have gained importance, along with advances in coronal paranasal sinus computed tomography and extensive use of endoscopic sinus surgery. Rhinolith is a mass resulting from calcification of an endogenous or exogenous nidus within the nasal cavity. It is an uncommon disease that may present asymptomatically or cause symptoms like headache and nasal obstruction. A 24 year old woman was admitted in ENT department of GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot with complaints of nasal obstruction, anosmia and headache persisting for 5 years. Right sided rhinolith was detected on anterior rhinoscopy. Bilateral concha bullosa with right sided rhinolith was reported on preoperative paranasal computed tomography scan. It is known that the paranasal sinuses have a number of anatomical variations. Sometimes severe anatomic variations predispose to rhinosinusitis. Herein we report a rare case, along with a review of the literature, to emphasize that severe anatomical variations should not be ignored.</p>