bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between temperature and air pollutants with atrial fibrillation presentations to emergency departments
Authors: Dawson Luke P. , Ball Jocasta , Wilson Andrew , Emerson Lance , Voskoboinik Aleksandr , Nehme Ziad , Horrigan Mark , Kaye David , Stub Dion 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding the impact of environmental exposures on disease incidence is important for environmental guidelines, health services management, and advising patients. We aimed to assess the relationship between daily mean temperature and common pollutants with atrial fibrillation (AF) presentations to emergency departments (EDs).MethodsThe study included consecutive adult patients presenting with AF to EDs from 1/1/2014 to 31/12/2020 with linkage to hospital and emergency discharge diagnosis data. A time series quasi‐Poisson regression with a distributed lag nonlinear model was fitted to assess the association between AF with mean air temperature and five common pollutants, overall and according to sex and region, with adjustment for season, day of the week, long‐term trend, and co‐pollutants.ResultsIn 82 575 AF presentations to EDs during the study period, mean (standard deviations [SD]) (SD) age was 69.6 (SD 14.7) years and 50.7% were female. AF presentations were associated with elevated levels of Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 (≥57.7 µg/m3) and nitrous dioxide (NO2) (≥16.5 parts per billion), but not mean air temperature or other pollutants (carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, or ozone). The attributable fraction of AF presentations relating to above optimal NO2 and PM 2.5 levels was 7.24% and 3.81% resulting in 854 and 450 annual excess AF presentations, respectively.ConclusionsHigh levels of NO2 and PM 2.5 are associated with increased risk of AF presentations to EDs. These findings have important implications for environmental policies and advice to patients susceptible to AF presentations to EDs, especially in regions with higher baseline levels of PM 2.5 or NO2.
Device dislodgement and embolization associated with a new leadless pacemaker
Authors: Bahbah Ali , Sengupta Jay , Witt Dawn , Zishiri Edwin , Abdelhadi Raed , Zakaib John , Hauser Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionCurrently, there are two approved single chamber leadless pacemakers (LP) in the United States (US), Micra VR™; approved since 2016 and AVEIR VR™; approved in 2022. A potential complication of LPs is dislodgement and/or embolization (D/E) during or after implant. According to the IDE trials, there appears to be a significant difference in D/E rates between the two LPs that have different fixation mechanisms; Micra uses nitinol tines, while AVEIR uses an active screw helix. The aim of this study was to determine if the AVEIR VR LP has continued to exhibit D/E in the United States since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2022.MethodsThe FDA Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database was searched for US D/E reports communicated by the manufacturers of both LP devices. For AVEIR VR we reviewed reports from approval till December 2023, and for Micra VR we looked at reports from approval to April 2024. Excluded were reports based on information indirectly obtained from registries, journals, social media, or volunteers. Total number of US implants was acquired from the manufacturers' product performance reports.ResultsDuring a period of 21 months, 5990 AVEIR VR implants had been registered in the United States, of which 53 (0.88%) encountered D/E both during and after the procedure. More D/E (32; 60.4%) occurred during the implantation procedure, with device release problems being the most prominent procedural issue involved with these events. Within a 8‐year period, 72 237 Micra VR implants have been registered in the United States, of which 211 (0.29%) showed D/E. The rate of D/E since the US approval of both devices was significantly higher for AVEIR VR compared to Micra VR (0.88% vs 0.29%; p < .0001).ConclusionAVEIR VR implants may be complicated by dislodgement with or without embolization. Currently, the estimated incidence is about 0.9%, which is significantly higher than Micra VR. Fixation issues and separation problems of the device from the delivery catheter appear to be responsible for most of these D/E events.
The benefits and accuracy of real‐time continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes attending a summer camp
Authors: Kondo Tatsuya , Senokuchi Takafumi , Morinaga Jun , Miyashita Azusa , Yano Mayumi , Takeda Haruo , Nishida Kenro , Kubota Naoto 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThis study evaluated the usability, satisfaction, and accuracy of a real‐time continuous glucose monitoring (rt‐CGM) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) attending a summer camp.Materials and MethodsSeven children and adolescents with T1D (camper) and 31 of healthcare providers (HCPs) participating in a 2‐day summer camp in Kumamoto, Japan were enrolled. The usability and satisfaction were evaluated by tailored questionnaire. The accuracy of rt‐CGM was evaluated using self‐monitoring of blood glucose (BG) and sensor glucose (SG) values before or after (off camp) and during (on camp) the camp.ResultsThe score of the usefulness of rt‐CGM showed 3.29 ± 0.90 in campers and 4.23 ± 0.87 in HCPs (P = 0.017). The degree of recommendation score for rt‐CGM was 3.29 ± 1.11 in campers and 4.23 ± 0.79 in HCPs (P = 0.013). Time in range (TIR) off camp was 45.9% and that on camp was 57.0%. Time above range (TAR) off camp was 53.4% and that on camp was 42.4%. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) off camp was 19.7% ± 25.2%, whereas that on camp was 16.0% ± 14.8% (P = 0.367). Clinically acceptable zones of the error grid analyses were approximately 96% in total.ConclusionsRt‐CGM exhibited higher usability and recommendation scores in HCPs than those in campers. This may be related to relatively lower accuracy in rt‐CGM. Overall usability and recommendation are clinically satisfactory, but due to relatively low accuracy, no decision should be made based on a single, non‐verified SG value alone.
Retrospective database study on risk factors for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yamada Kota , Ohsugi Mitsuru , Ito Yuichiro , Uchida Hiroki , Lee Takumi , Ueki Kohjiro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Identifying these factors could provide insights into the shared and distinct mechanisms contributing to these complications in the diabetic population.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using the J‐DREAMS (Japan Diabetes compREhensive database project based on an Advanced electronic Medical record System) database, which is directly linked to electronic medical records. The study included Japanese people aged 18 years and older with diabetes, who were registered at a referral center between December 1, 2015, and March 31, 2021, and had simultaneous measurements of serum creatinine and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The presence or absence of DR and DKD was determined for 8,794 and 8,770 patients, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors, considering patient characteristics, comorbid conditions, and laboratory data as explanatory variables.ResultsCommon risk factors for both DR and DKD included hypertension, anemia, diabetic neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, chronic heart failure, low serum albumin levels, and elevated HbA1c. The contributions of age, duration of DM, and body mass index (BMI) differed between the DR and DKD groups.ConclusionsIn addition to poor glycemic control and hypertension, anemia, low serum albumin, cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure were identified as independent common risk factors for DR and DKD, suggesting the existence of cardio‐renal anemia syndrome in patients with DM.
Implementation of bedside handover that includes patients or carers in hospital settings: A systematic review
Authors: Maher Amy , Hsu Henry , Ebrahim Mohamed Eftal Bin Mohamed , Vukasovic Matthew , Coggins Andrew 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveIncreasing complexity in healthcare systems necessitates effective handover. While a universal structure is often recommended, many frameworks do not include the patient. A systematic review was completed examining outcomes following handover that included patients or carers using a realist‐orientated paradigm.MethodsThe research group used Covidence™ software and followed PRISMA guidelines. A librarian‐led search of Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and SCOPUS yielded 5,790 relevant studies for screening. Included studies reported on peer‐reviewed studies that assessed qualitative or quantitative outcomes resulting from patient‐centred handover. To assess quality, we used the McMaster Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Patient‐orientated and quantitative outcomes are reported descriptively. For qualitative outcomes, we employed a deductive analytical approach. Braun and Clarke's steps were followed to develop themes with group work used to clarify and discuss the various codes. Heterogenous reporting precluded meta‐analysis.ResultsThirty studies were eligible (10 mixed methods; 11 quantitative; 9 qualitative) with variable quality and scope. Most studies related to nursing‐led bedside handover and originated in Anglophone countries. Positive effects were reported for patient satisfaction, engagement, autonomy and effective information exchange. Providers reported a positive experience but also barriers to implementation, cognitive load and reducing compliance over time. There were contradicting findings for patient‐orientated outcomes including falls risk. Publication bias may have led to under reporting of negative trials. There was limited reporting on physician‐led handovers that included patients.ConclusionsPatient‐centred handover was associated with self‐reported benefits for patients and providers but potential advantages over conventional handover could be undermined by barriers such as time, implementation challenges and a perceived increase in staff workload.
The Effect of Preformed Anatomic Provisional Restorations on Peri‐Implant Mucosal Dimensions with Immediate Tooth Replacement Therapy
Authors: Saito Hanae , Song Seung Jun , Rubin Jamie , Tarnow Dennis P. , Chu Stephen J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveImmediate Tooth Replacement Therapy (ITRT) has become popular due to its ability to reduce treatment time and provide immediate esthetic results. However, long‐term challenges, such as mid‐facial recession and labial bone resorption, have been reported. Anatomic temporary cylinders (ATC), which allow for efficient fabrication of provisional transitional restorations in the esthetic zone, were designed to mimic the natural emergence profile and guide mucosal tissue healing. This study examines the effect of ATCs on the fabrication of provisional restorations compared to conventional non‐anatomic temporary cylinders (CTCs) in terms of peri‐implant mucosal preservation and stability in patients undergoing ITRT using the dual‐zone grafting technique.Materials and MethodsParameters evaluated were peri‐implant mucosal tissue thickness (PIMTT), Pink Esthetic Score (PES), and radiographic outcomes, including labial plate dimension (LPD).ResultsThe use of ATCs resulted in a statistically significant increase in PIMTT compared to CTCs, suggesting better preservation of peri‐implant mucosal architecture. Additionally, the ATC group exhibited a positive change in LPD, although this difference was not clinically significant.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that ATCs may offer advantages in maintaining peri‐implant mucosal stability, contributing to the esthetic and functional outcomes of implant‐supported restorations. Further long‐term studies are needed to validate these preliminary results.Clinical SignificanceThe use of anatomic temporary cylinders (ATC) in immediate tooth replacement therapy (ITRT) demonstrated improved peri‐implant mucosal tissue thickness, suggesting enhanced maintenance of peri‐implant mucosal architecture. This can contribute to healthier and more esthetic outcomes while potentially reducing the risk of complications such as mid‐facial recession.
Optimizing Resin Infiltration Procedure in Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Lesions
Authors: Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Pereira Talita Portela , Effenberger Susanne , Borges Alessandra Bühler 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis article aims to describe a new technique for predicting the results of resin infiltration procedure in molar incisor hypomineralization lesions, named Infiltration Monitoring by Transillumination. The technique involves the use of transillumination together with ethanol application during the steps of lesion body opening and resin penetration. It provides color contrast that enhances the removal of the less porous surface layer and controls the effectiveness of resin infiltration within the lesion.Clinical ConsiderationsThe clinical procedure presented illustrates the steps involved in the resin infiltration procedure for color masking of molar incisor hypomineralization lesions in anterior teeth, highlighting the use of transillumination both for monitoring the lesion body opening step and the resin infiltration process.ConclusionsThe monitoring with transillumination during the ethanol test can assist the removal of the enamel external layer over the lesion, necessary to expose the inner porosity to be infiltrated, in a very precise and conservative way. In addition, it can effectively help to determine the moment when the infiltrant resin has fully penetrated the lesion.Clinical SignificanceThe Infiltration Monitoring by Transillumination technique offers the possibility to precisely control the infiltration procedure in molar incisor hypomineralization lesions, thereby improving the predictability of the esthetic outcome.
Development and inequality: A long‐run view
Authors: Gallardo‐Albarrán Daniel , Moatsos Michail 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the drivers of long‐run development and inequality, and new datasets for their study. Three distinct elements emerge in the 10 articles of this special issue that broadly characterize the field. First, development should be understood from a multidimensional perspective and when considering long‐run patterns a wide array of indicators must be used, ranging from material living standards to health, education, and gender. Second, the construction of widely used development metrics has to be critically reviewed to arrive at more accurate narratives of how the world developed. Third, the drivers of development and global inequalities are best analyzed and understood from a long‐term perspective. Some sweeping trends with major consequences for countries and regions alike took many years to unfold, such as the emergence of the modern state, or the implementation of large‐scale education reforms. In sum, this special issue shows that global inequalities are the result of long‐term persistent forces that have operated through periods of decades (and centuries), involving institutional change, demographic processes, and cultural persistence (among others). A better understanding of patterns and explanatory factors of development over the long term is key to tackle current‐day challenges for development and inequality.
The AOFOG recommendations on human papillomavirus vaccination in the Asia‐Pacific region
Authors: Tse Ka Yu , Tan Ai Ling , Subedi Kirtipal , Pervin Shahana , Gupta Krishnendu , Tjokroprawiro Brahmana Askandar , Woo Yin Ling , Wilailak Sarikapan , Ochiai Kazunori , Lumbiganon Pisake , Padolina Christia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCervical cancer remains a disease burden in Asia. The Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology envisages a need to produce a set of recommendations on the implementation of human papilloma virus vaccination program for both lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs) and high‐income countries (HICs), with an attempt to harmonize the practices yet allow flexibility to cater for different cultures, religions, needs and background of individual countries/cities. International guidelines and literature were sought, and recommendations were made in seven selected areas, including (i) the target groups for vaccination, (ii) the doses of vaccination including the use of single‐dose vaccination, (iii) the types of vaccines, (iv) suggestions for special populations including those with previous HPV infection, human immunodeficiency virus carriers, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer group, (v) inter‐changeability and the need of revaccination/booster, (vi) novel technologies and vaccines, and (vii) public education.
Trends of minimally invasive surgery in the primary treatment of cervical cancer
Authors: Baba Tsukasa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery (MIS), including laparoscopic and robot‐assisted procedures, has rapidly advanced in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies worldwide. However, its adoption and insurance coverage in AOFOG countries remain limited, particularly for advanced uterine and ovarian cancers. This limitation poses a challenge to the widespread use of MIS, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive evaluation of its role and the skills required by gynecologic oncologists to ensure safe and effective treatment. Furthermore, the Laparoscopic Approach to Cervical Cancer trial significantly impacted perceptions of MIS, revealing higher recurrence rates and inferior overall survival for minimally invasive radical hysterectomy (MIS‐RH) compared to abdominal radical hysterectomy. Subsequent studies confirmed these findings, raising questions about the suitability of MIS‐RH, particularly in centers with limited experience. Key issues affecting MIS outcomes include surgical expertise and tumor spillage prevention. As the landscape of cervical cancer treatment evolves, the integration of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immune therapies has challenged the traditional reliance on surgical monotherapy. There also exists ongoing debate over the optimal use of MIS in primary treatment and salvage surgery for cervical cancer to refine MIS techniques and explore their role in preserving fertility and managing residual disease post‐chemoradiotherapy. For ensuring MIS as a viable treatment option, it is continuously necessary accumulating real‐world data and reassessing surgical strategies to balance efficacy, safety, and patient preferences.
Lingering shadows of childhood corporal punishment: Family trajectories across decades
Authors: Luo Mengsha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveCorporal punishment is the most common form of violence against children worldwide. This study adopts a life course perspective to examine associations between childhood corporal punishment and distinct multi‐decade family trajectories from young adulthood to middle adulthood in China. Specifically, it examines how childhood parental punishment shapes later family life course trajectory patterns, incorporating partnership, marriage, and fertility outcomes, and considers different sources of punishment (maternal and paternal) and potential gender differences (sons and daughters).BackgroundAccumulating evidence reveals that corporal punishment is not only unnecessary as a disciplinary technique but also harmful to children. This evidence has led to a worldwide movement to eliminate any non‐accidental use of physical force against children. However, previous research often assesses isolated family outcomes without considering family development as a dynamic and interconnected process, resulting in an ambiguous understanding of childhood corporal punishment's long‐reaching influence on unfolding family pathways.ResultsResults uncovered both stability and diversity in Chinese family trajectories, with the majority following stable marital norms. Experiencing childhood corporal punishment increased the odds of an early unstable trajectory characterized by divorce and remarriage. Moreover, the implications of childhood paternal punishment appeared more wide‐ranging than maternal punishment in terms of sorting into normative versus atypical family trajectory patterns. Childhood maltreatment also overrides influences of child gender, similarly impacting future family trajectories across genders.ConclusionThis research highlights the profoundly disruptive effects of corporal punishment on family development throughout the lifespan, carrying important implications for fostering healthier and more resilient families.
Changes in soil organic carbon stocks and mineralization following the replacement of secondary evergreen broadleaf forests with tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plantations
Authors: Zhang Shaobo , Lv Junyan , Li Yongfu , Zhang Lan , Hu Qiang , Li Zhenzheng , Yang Xing , Li Jiao , Wu Tieniu , Mao Yihu , Zhang Liping , Han Wenyan , Yan Peng , Li Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTea plantation ecosystems have a strong potential to sequester carbon (C) and reduce CO2 emissions. However, the effects of different tea planting periods on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and mineralization and related mechanisms are unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of replacing evergreen broadleaf forests with tea plantations on SOC stocks and mineralization rates by examining alterations in SOC pools and composition, microbial community composition, functional genes related to C‐cycling and enzyme activities. The SOC content in forest, 30‐, 50‐ and 100‐year‐old tea plantations were 1.91%, 2.37%, 2.87% and 3.69%, respectively, in the 0–20 cm soil depth (100‐year‐old > 50‐year‐old > 30‐year‐old > forest). Cumulative CO2–C emissions increased by 38.1% (114 mg C kg−1 soil), 49.9% (157 mg C kg−1 soil), and 100.2% (171 mg C kg−1 soil) compared to forest soil (228 mg C kg−1 soil) after tea had been grown for 30, 50 and 100 years, respectively; however, cumulative CO2 emissions did not differ significantly between the 30‐ and 50‐year‐old plantations. The rate of SOC mineralization was positively related to particulate organic carbon (POC), water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and O‐alkyl C contents, as well as β‐glucosidase/cellobiohydrolase activities and GH48/cbhI abundance; by contrast, the SOC mineralization rate was negatively correlated with the aromatic C content. More importantly, bacteria and fungi related to SOC mineralization, such as WPS‐2 and Acidobacteria, and Sordariomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Mortierellomycetes and Agaricomycetes, respectively, had high relative abundances. Our results indicate that replacing forests with tea plantations enhanced both SOC stocks and mineralization rates and that this effect was positively correlated with tea cultivation time. We reveal that an increased length of the tea planting period was conducive to increasing SOC stocks, and mitigating C losses in tea plantation soils is crucial for establishing an ecologically low‐C tea plantation system.