bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic performance comparison between singlepressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycles for heat sources with outlet temperature limit
Authors: Li Jian , Yang Jingze , Ge Zhong , Duan Yuanyuan , Yang Zhen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a widely used technology to generate power from renewable energy and waste heat. Dual-pressure evaporation cycle holds immense potential to be used in ORC systems because it can remarkably increase the heat-work conversion efficiency and improve the adaptability of ORC to heat sources with various characteristics. This study compared the thermodynamic performance of single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation ORCs for heat sources with outlet temperature limit, based on five organic fluids. Effects of the heat source outlet temperature limit on the characteristics of dual-pressure evaporation ORC system were also discussed. Results show that the dual-pressure evaporation cycle can substantially increase the net power output by increasing system efficiency, and is beneficial to reduce the charge volume of organic fluid in the system, compared to the single-pressure evaporation cycle. The increments in net power output of dual-pressure evaporation cycle over the single-pressure evaporation cycle can be 4.9%, 8.3%, 10.8%, 12.8%, and 14.0% at most for R227ea, R1234ze(E), R600a, R245fa, and R601a, respectively. While, compared to heat sources without outlet temperature limit, the increment in net power output of dual-pressure evaporation cycle is remarkably lower for heat sources with outlet temperature limit.
Conversion of carbon dioxide into storable solar fuels using solar energy
Authors: Ennaceri Houda , Abel Bernd 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, there are two main energy and environmental concerns, the first is the risk of running out of fossil fuels in the next few decades, and the second is the alarming increase in the carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere, causing global warming and rise of see levels. Therefore, solar-driven technologies represent a substantial solution to fossil fuels dependence, global warming and climate change. Unlike most scientific research, which aim to use solar energy to generate electricity, solar energy can also be harnessed by recycling the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through high-tech artificial photosynthesis with the objective of producing storable and liquid solar fuels from CO2 and water. There are two types of solar fuels, the first being hydrogen, which can be produced by mean of water splitting processes. The combustion of hydrogen generates water, which is a completely clean option for the environment. The second type of solar fuels consists of carbon-based fuels, such as methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), or alcohols such as methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH). The production to liquid solar fuels liquid fuels is of great interest, since they can be used in the current industrial infrastructures such as the automobiles’ sector, without substantial changes in the vehicles’ internal combustion engines. Therefore, guaranteeing a smooth transition from fossil fuel energy to renewable energy without radical economic consequences. Also, and most importantly, when these solar fuels are burned, they will only release the exact amount of CO2 which was initially used, which represents an optimal process for sustainable transport.
Device Selection of the Potential Wave Energy Site in Indonesian Seas
Authors: Triasdian B , Indartono Y S , Ningsih N S , Novitasari D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ocean wave energy (OWE) is one of many promising renewable energy sources with a high energy density. By using the average wave energy data of 21-year WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model, some areas were discovered to have a great potential for the wave energy generation. This present study was evaluating the selected Wave Energy Converters (WEC) and determining their capability to do the energy capture in the potential site of the Indonesian seas. The data of WW3 indicate the energy flux of OWE in Indonesia reached to 74.65 kW/m. The case study was conducted in the present research placed in an area of the Java Island called Cidaun, with energy flux about 42.41 kW/m. One of the Heaving Device type was used for assessing the practical energy and to analyze its development in Indonesia with certain limitations; a single round float and diameter device about two meters. The annual energy extracted from the designated WEC was approximately reached 119 GWh. Furthermore, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was assessed for the particular device in the selected site, resulted about 25.13 $cent/kWh or four times higher than a standard of minimum feed in tariff given by the Indonesian government.
Taichung City’s Management Strategy for Leisure Cycleway Maintenance: A Case Study of Gaomei Cycleway
Authors: Chien Yu-Chen , Yew Sue Yee 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In an era marked by global warming, energy conservation and carbon reduction are increasingly prioritized by national and local governments, companies and individuals. The bicycle is emerging as an important tool for reducing the overall volume of traffic, protecting the environment and conserving energy, as well as improving individuals’ health and relieving their stress. Therefore, environmental demand for cycleway is garnering increased attention. The cycleway built by Taichung City’s government include the Gaomei Cycleway, a coastal route famous for its seascapes and sunsets, and surrounded by rich ecological resources. This study uses Gaomei as a case for exploring the city’s maintenance and management strategies for its cycleway. Specifically, it looks at the varying demands placed on Gaomei and the system in general by leisure users and commuters. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was used to review bikers’ strategy recommendations generated from a questionnaire covering four facets: safety, continuity, service facilities, and environment. The results of IPA indicate that bike commuters give more weight of the safety and continuity facets due to the high frequency with which they use the system, whereas leisure are more attuned to the other two facets.
A Design Optimization Index for Two Types of Cycleways
Authors: Chien Yu-Chen , Wu Cheng-Hung 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Amid rising environmental awareness, sustainable and low-carbon traffic tools are attracting considerable attention. Increasing worldwide use of bicycles for both leisure and basic transportation has increased the importance of public bicycle-related infrastructure, notably cycleways. This paper proposes a Design Optimization Index for two types of cycleways, i.e., those that are used primarily for commuting, and those that are mostly for leisure. Based on a literature review, the researchers initially developed 27 impact factors. Then, through the fuzzy Delphi method of collecting and refining advice from a group of experts, these were integrated into a five-part structure consisting of “security”, “convenience”, “environmental friendliness”, “comfort” and “attractiveness”, which can be further broen down into 16 factors in the case of commuter cycleways, and 15 factors in the case of leisure cycleways.
Start-Up and dynamic processes simulation of SOFC-MGT hybrid power system
Authors: Deng Kangjie , Yang Chen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
For the start-up process of a hybrid system consisting of a Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) and a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), the surge of the MGT is largely destructive. The MGT, which has a small thermal inertia, can start quickly. However, due to the large thermal inertia of SOFC, starting up SOFC quickly is easily malfunction. Therefore, fast and safe start-up process investigation of the coupling hybrid system is of great challenging and significance. This paper developed a dynamic model of the SOFC-MGT hybrid power systems and studied the rapid start-up process in the case of avoiding gas turbine surge and protecting SOFC by adding other afterburning, auxiliary systems, and bypass valves. The result shows that the bypass from compressor exit to atmosphere can effectively avoid system unstable and the strategy of starting the MGT and SOFC respectively is reasonable. The start-up process simulation provides a reference to the actual SOFC-MGT hybrid power systems.
The use of faba-bean cropping as a sustainable and energy saving technology – A new protein self-sufficiency opportunity for European agriculture?
Authors: Lybæk R , Hauggaard-Nielsen H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
European agriculture relies on large amounts of imported protein fodder, primarily soya-beans, for livestock rearing from e.g. South and North America. This has severe social and environmental impacts, and require large amount of fossil fuel to cultivate, harvest and transport. This paper investigates how faba-beans - a leguminous crop able to fixate its own nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria while providing various other Eco System Services - can be adopted, as a valuable crop by farmers in EU. This could substitute import of soya-bean for animal fodder, providing global savings in pesticide, artificial fertilizer and fossil energy usage. Emphasizing transition theory and e.g. farm machinery, culture and policies, we conclude, that activities must be applied at all levels of the agricultural system. New transition pathways are e.g. to strengthen farm networks to share knowledge and farm equipment for faba-bean cultivation, and to enhance the environmental regulation to limit the amount of artificial fertilizer distributed on farmland making legumes more valuable for farmers.
Recovery of Gold from Radioactive Gold Waste Using The Redox Replacement Method with Zn-Foil Reductor
Authors: Billah Aulia Arivin , Pujiyanto Anung , Hambali  , Lestari Enny 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The residual waste of synthesis and use of radioactive elements of gold 198Au as a radiopharmaceutical and tracer after decaying can be reused as an irradiated target material. The gold recovery process was carried out on Au-198 radioactive nano gold waste with the redox replacement method using Zn-foil as metal reducing agent. Radioactive Au-gold waste was stored until it decayed to its background, so it is not dangerous and does not interfere with the optical characterization process. The sample was dissolved with aquaregia and evaporated so that the chelating or dendrimer material can be released and oxidized. The evaporation was done to reduce acidity and obtain the salt. Furthermore, the salt solution of HAuCl4 is reduced with Zn-foil so that the pure gold deposits can be obtained through a redox process. The results of the XRF analysis showed that the gold deposits formed have fairly good purity with little Zn and Zr impurities derived from the erosion of the melting container. The yield calculation results based on ICP-OES data obtained a recovery percentage of 68.73%. The method of taking gold deposits must be increased to reduce the gold particles attached to the bar stirrer and to the melting pottery container.
Accelerated Tissue Processing With Minimal Formalin Fixation Time for 9-Gauge Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy Specimens
Authors: Bulte Joris P , Halilovic Altuna , Burgers Lambert J M , Diepenbroek Coos J M , de la Roij Robin A K , Mann Ritse M , van der Leest Marloes , van Cleef Patricia H J , Strobbe Luc J A , de Wilt Johannes H W , Bult Peter 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) of the breast seems unsuitable for rapid processing due to large size. We tested microwave-based acceleration.

Methods
As a proof-of-principle study, 9-gauge VAB specimens were taken from eight mastectomy specimens. Forty-two biopsy specimens were processed. Quality of H&E was evaluated in 84 slides, and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), E-cadherin, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) stains were evaluated in six slides. Preoperative biopsy specimens were used as a control.

Results
Diagnostic quality of H&E slides was good in 87%, reasonable in 12%, and low in 1%. Quality of E-cadherin was good in 75% and reasonable in 25%. Quality of ER was good in 83% and reasonable in 17%. PR and both HER2 immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization were good in all slides. Quality of experimental slides was similar to control slides.

Conclusions
Nine-gauge VAB specimens can be processed within 4 hours. Slides are suitable for all routine pathologic stains. This enables a same-day diagnosis.
The Effects of Reverse Causality and Selective Attrition on the Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Banack Hailey R , Bea Jennifer W , Kaufman Jay S , Stokes Andrew , Kroenke Candyce H , Stefanick Marcia L , Beresford Shirley A , Bird Chloe E , Garcia Lorena , Wallace Robert , Wild Robert A , Caan Bette , Wactawski-Wende Jean 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Concerns about reverse causality and selection bias complicate the interpretation of studies of body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2) and mortality in older adults. The objective of this study was to investigate methodological explanations for the apparent attenuation of obesity-related risks in older adults. We used data from 68,132 participants in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial for this analysis. All of the participants were postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years at baseline (1993–1998). To examine reverse causality and selective attrition, we compared rate ratios from inverse probability of treatment– and censoring–weighted Poisson marginal structural models with results from an unweighted adjusted Poisson regression model. The estimated mortality rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for BMIs of 30.0–34.9, 35.0–39.9 and ≥40.0 were 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 0.96), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.99), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.72, 1.07), respectively, in the unweighted model. The corresponding mortality rate ratios were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.07), 1.12 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.29), and 1.31 95% CI: (1.08, 1.57), respectively, in the marginal structural model. Results from the inverse probability of treatment– and censoring–weighted marginal structural model were attenuated in low BMI categories and increased in high BMI categories. The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for reverse causality and selective attrition in studies of older adults.
Influence of Prediabetes on the Effects of Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Control on Kidney Events
Authors: Rathi Naveen , Whelton Paul K , Chertow Glenn M , Cushman William C , Cheung Alfred K , Wei Guo , Boucher Robert , Kimmel Paul L , Bress Adam P , Kramer Holly J , Al-Marji Catreena , Greene Tom , Beddhu Srinivasan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
More than one-third of US adults have prediabetes, which is typically accompanied by hypertension.

METHODS
We examined whether prediabetes modified the effects of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) events in a post-hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). Diabetes was a SPRINT exclusion criterion. We defined normoglycemia and prediabetes as fasting plasma glucose <100 mg/dl and ≥100 mg/dl, respectively.

RESULTS
Of the 9,323 participants included in this analysis, 3,898 (41.8%) had prediabetes and the rest (5,425) had normoglycemia. In participants with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2, incident CKD was defined as a ≥30% decline in eGFR to below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 with repeat confirmation. AKI events were identified clinically. In the non-CKD participants (n = 6,678), there were 164 incident CKD events. The hazard ratios (HRs) for incident CKD for intensive SBP goal (<120 mm Hg) vs. standard SBP goal (<140 mm Hg) in the normoglycemia (HR: 3.25, 95% CI: 2.03, 5.19) and prediabetes (HR: 3.90, 95% CI: 2.17, 7.02) groups were similar (interaction P value 0.64). In the entire analytic cohort (N = 9,323), there were 310 AKI events. AKI HRs for intensive vs. standard SBP in the normoglycemia (HR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.15) and prediabetes (HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.48) groups were also similar (interaction P value 0.71).

CONCLUSIONS
Prediabetes was highly prevalent, but there was no evidence that prediabetes modified the effects of SPRINT intervention on kidney events.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
NCT01206062
Fast hybrid Bayesian integrative learning of multiple gene regulatory networks for type 1 diabetes
Authors: Jia Bochao , Liang Faming ,   The TEDDY Study Group
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY
Motivated by the study of the molecular mechanism underlying type 1 diabetes with gene expression data collected from both patients and healthy controls at multiple time points, we propose a hybrid Bayesian method for jointly estimating multiple dependent Gaussian graphical models with data observed under distinct conditions, which avoids inversion of high-dimensional covariance matrices and thus can be executed very fast. We prove the consistency of the proposed method under mild conditions. The numerical results indicate the superiority of the proposed method over existing ones in both estimation accuracy and computational efficiency. Extension of the proposed method to joint estimation of multiple mixed graphical models is straightforward.
Circuit-based interventions in the dentate gyrus rescue epilepsy-associated cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Kahn Julia B , Port Russell G , Yue Cuiyong , Takano Hajime , Coulter Douglas A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with significant structural pathology in the hippocampus. In the dentate gyrus, the summative effect of these pathologies is massive hyperexcitability in the granule cells, generating both increased seizure susceptibility and cognitive deficits. To date, therapeutic approaches have failed to improve the cognitive symptoms in fully developed, chronic epilepsy. As the dentate’s principal signalling population, the granule cells’ aggregate excitability has the potential to provide a mechanistically-independent downstream target. We examined whether normalizing epilepsy-associated granule cell hyperexcitability—without correcting the underlying structural circuit disruptions—would constitute an effective therapeutic approach for cognitive dysfunction. In the systemic pilocarpine mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy, the epileptic dentate gyrus excessively recruits granule cells in behavioural contexts, not just during seizure events, and these mice fail to perform on a dentate-mediated spatial discrimination task. Acutely reducing dorsal granule cell hyperactivity in chronically epileptic mice via either of two distinct inhibitory chemogenetic receptors rescued behavioural performance such that they responded comparably to wild type mice. Furthermore, recreating granule cell hyperexcitability in control mice via excitatory chemogenetic receptors, without altering normal circuit anatomy, recapitulated spatial memory deficits observed in epileptic mice. However, making the granule cells overly quiescent in both epileptic and control mice again disrupted behavioural performance. These bidirectional manipulations reveal that there is a permissive excitability window for granule cells that is necessary to support successful behavioural performance. Chemogenetic effects were specific to the targeted dorsal hippocampus, as hippocampal-independent and ventral hippocampal-dependent behaviours remained unaffected. Fos expression demonstrated that chemogenetics can modulate granule cell recruitment via behaviourally relevant inputs. Rather than driving cell activity deterministically or spontaneously, chemogenetic intervention merely modulates the behaviourally permissive activity window in which the circuit operates. We conclude that restoring appropriate principal cell tuning via circuit-based therapies, irrespective of the mechanisms generating the disease-related hyperactivity, is a promising translational approach.
Beyond the disconnectivity hypothesis of schizophrenia
Authors: Rolls Edmund T , Cheng Wei , Gilson Matthieu , Gong Weikang , Deco Gustavo , Lo Chun-Yi Zac , Yang Albert C , Tsai Shih-Jen , Liu Mu-En , Lin Ching-Po , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo go beyond the disconnectivity hypothesis of schizophrenia, directed (effective) connectivity was measured between 94 brain regions, to provide evidence on the source of the changes in schizophrenia and a mechanistic model. Effective connectivity (EC) was measured in 180 participants with schizophrenia and 208 controls. For the significantly different effective connectivities in schizophrenia, on average the forward (stronger) effective connectivities were smaller, whereas the backward connectivities tended to be larger. Further, higher EC in schizophrenia was found from the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to areas such as the parahippocampal, hippocampal, temporal, fusiform, and occipital cortices. These are backward effective connectivities and were positively correlated with the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Lower effective connectivities were found from temporal and other regions and were negatively correlated with the symptoms, especially the negative and general symptoms. Further, a signal variance parameter was increased for areas that included the parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampus, consistent with the hypothesis that hippocampal overactivity is involved in schizophrenia. This investigation goes beyond the disconnectivity hypothesis by drawing attention to differences in schizophrenia between backprojections and forward connections, with the backward connections from the precuneus and PCC implicated in memory stronger in schizophrenia.
Forward Processing of Object–Location Association from the Ventral Stream to Medial Temporal Lobe in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Chen He , Naya Yuji 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
While the hippocampus (HPC) is a prime candidate combining object identity and location due to its strong connections to the ventral and dorsal pathways via surrounding medial temporal lobe (MTL) areas, recent physiological studies have reported spatial information in the ventral pathway and its downstream target in MTL. However, it remains unknown whether the object–location association proceeds along the ventral MTL pathway before HPC. To address this question, we recorded neuronal activity from MTL and area anterior inferotemporal cortex (TE) of two macaques gazing at an object to retain its identity and location in each trial. The results showed significant effects of object–location association at a single-unit level in TE, perirhinal cortex (PRC), and HPC, but not in the parahippocampal cortex. Notably, a clear area difference emerged in the association form: 1) representations of object identity were added to those of subjects’ viewing location in TE; 2) PRC signaled both the additive form and the conjunction of the two inputs; and 3) HPC signaled only the conjunction signal. These results suggest that the object and location signals are combined stepwise at TE and PRC each time primates view an object, and PRC may provide HPC with the conjunctional signal, which might be used for encoding episodic memory.