bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling Seasonal Variability in Parameters Defining Volumetric Water Content in a Low Permeability Soil in Central Illinois: An Application of MODFLOW‐6 and the Unsaturated Zone Flow Package
Authors: Krasowski Michael P. , Gulsen Esra , Jones Allan E. , Abrams Daniel B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIncreasing interest in solute transport phenomena in agricultural systems on a sub‐annual basis necessitates a better understanding of seasonal changes in natural systems and how these changes can be incorporated into modelling. A better understanding of the seasonal timing of nutrient loading in tile drained agricultural systems in particular is essential for efforts trying to replicate or predict the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Literature exists showing there are seasonal dynamics (freeze–thaw, plant‐root processes, land management practices, etc.) that may cause changes in the hydraulic properties of the soil zone including hydraulic conductivity and porosity. To test whether these changes are important in an agricultural system, a MODFLOW‐6 model using the unsaturated zone flow package was constructed. The simulation was comprised of separate, seasonal models to be run sequentially with each year being broken into a winter and summer seasons. As part of this architecture, model parameters representing soil hydraulic properties were allowed to vary by season. The model was calibrated against soil moisture observations at multiple depths using a genetic algorithm machine learning technique. The parameters of the sub‐models were compared for the winter and summer seasons. Brook‐Corey epsilon, saturated vertical conductivity, saturated volumetric water content and residual volumetric water content were found to be consistently different between the modelled summer and winter periods. A more traditional model which did not allow hydraulic properties to vary seasonally was also run and compared to the seasonal architecture and the seasonal architecture was found to improve simulation results. The hydrologic dynamics of the unsaturated zone—particularly in tile drained agricultural systems—control the residence time for water and solutes, which is critical for in‐field chemical processes such as denitrification. This work has important implications for seasonal transport phenomena in agricultural systems and improving the simulation and prediction of harmful algal blooms.
Salirasib Inhibits the Expression of Genes Involved in Fibrosis in Fibroblasts of Systemic Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Sadeghi Shaker Mina , Rokni Mohsen , Kavosi Hoda , Enayati Samaneh , Madreseh Elham , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Farhadi Elham , Vodjgani Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundFibrosis is a principal sign of systemic sclerosis (SSc) which can affect several organs including the lung, heart, and dermis. Dermal fibroblasts of SSc patients are characterized by persistent and activated Ras and ERK1/2 signaling which stimulates extreme collagen and extracellular matrix synthesis. Salirasib is a Ras inhibitor that competitively prevents the adherence of GTP‐bound Ras to the plasma membrane, that inhibits Ras signaling. This study intended to clarify whether salirasib can influence fibrotic mediators in SSc fibroblasts.Materials and MethodsDermal fibroblasts from 10 SSc patients were treated with salirasib in the presence of TGF‐β1, and mRNA levels of H‐Ras and genes related to fibrosis, such as COL1A1, COL1A2, CTGF, TGF‐β1, fibronectin, ACTA2, and MMP1 was measured by real‐time PCR. The α‐SMA protein expression was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.ResultsIn dermal fibroblasts of SSc patients, salirasib treatment, markedly downregulated the H‐Ras gene expression. In addition, the protein expression of α‐SMA and gene expression of ACTA2 were inhibited upon salirasib treatment. Salirasib also significantly reduced the expression of COL1A1, and COL1A2 genes and augmented the gene expression of MMP1. The mRNA levels of other genes related to fibrosis such as FN1, CTGF, and TGF‐β1 were significantly decreased upon salirasib treatment.ConclusionConsidering salirasib significantly reduced the expression of genes related to the fibrosis process and α‐SMA gene and protein expression, and given significant upregulation of MMP1 by salirasib, it can be considered as a new curative strategy for fibrotic diseases like SSc.
Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy occurrence: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Brim Ana Carolina Sarmento , Barretto Victor Rivera Duran , Reis‐Oliveira José Guilherme , da Silveira de Araújo Renata Balthazar , Romeo Ana Célia Diniz Cabral Barbosa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundGiven the high incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) in the general population and the high maternal morbidity and mortality rates associated with it, determining risk factors for the occurrence of EP is essential for directing attention and care to risk groups, aiming for early diagnosis, favorable outcomes, and the development of prevention strategies.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify risk factors for the occurrence of EP.Search StrategyA systematic review with meta‐analysis was performed on the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, The Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library (VHL), searching the following terms "Ectopic Pregnancy" or "Ectopic Gestation" and "Risk Factors" or "Predisposing Factors".Selection CriteriaThe inclusion criteria were observational studies published in English and Portuguese. We excluded studies with undefined methodology and those published before the year 2000.Data Collection and AnalysisThe authors independently read the titles, abstracts, and full texts, using pre‐defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and discussed any differences. Data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were performed by each author in a standardized way. Sixteen risk factors were evaluated. The meta‐analysis calculations were performed using the Reviewer Manager 5.3 software (RevMan 5.3).Main ResultsThe study found 715 studies, of which 11 were selected for review. The surveys were conducted between 2003 and 2019 and included 25 051 patients. The study revealed that several factors were strongly associated with the occurrence of EP. These included EP history (OR 9.03; 95% CI: 7.18–11.35; I2 = 67%), pelvic inflammatory disease (OR 4.00; 95% CI: 3.46–4.61; I2 = 0%), infertility (OR 3.70; 95% CI: 3.23–4.23; I2 = 48%), abdominal and pelvic surgeries (OR 5.60; 95% CI: 4.83–6.49; I2 = 81%), and previous tubal ligation (OR 5.59; 95% CI: 2.49–12.55; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, the study showed that advanced maternal age, smoking, number of partners exceeding one, history of spontaneous and induced abortion, previous use of emergency contraception, and intrauterine device, demonstrated a slightly increased risk. Advanced maternal age within the range of 30–34 years (OR 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03–1.24; I1 = 11%) and ≥ 40 years (OR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.19–1.78; I1 = 88%), marital status (OR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03–1.37; I2 = 88%), and the use of oral contraceptives (OR 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66–0.90; I2 = 86%) were also found to be associated with a slightly increased or decreased risk of EP, respectively. The impact of condom use on the occurrence of EP seems to be very limited (OR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.83–1.05; I2 = 83%).ConclusionBased on the study findings, it is suggested that the presence of strong risk factors warrants the implementation of a screening policy for EP among these women.
Effect of the Zushima patch combined with celecoxib on pain and inflammatory factor expression in knee osteoarthritis with cold‐dampness obstruction
Authors: Yang Yumin , Sun Lijun , Peng Zhao , Li Xiumin , Chen Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that frequently occurs in middle‐aged and older individuals. Although celecoxib is a commonly used drug for the treatment of KOA, its efficacy and safety have limitations. Zushima, a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for treating joint pain and has anti‐inflammatory and analgesic properties. This study aims to explore the effect of the Zushima patch combined with celecoxib on pain and inflammatory factor expression in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with cold‐dampness obstruction.MethodsA total of 100 patients with KOA of cold‐dampness obstruction were randomly divided into a treatment group (n = 50) and a control group (n = 50). Patients in the control group received oral administration of celecoxib capsules, whereas the treatment group received the Zushima patch combined with oral administration of celecoxib capsules. Then, the efficacy and safety were compared, together with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, pain, and knee joint function. We also determined the concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG), insulin‐like growth factor (IGF‐1), osteocalcin (OC), and inflammatory factors such as interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and C‐reactive protein (CRP). Finally, the safety between the two groups was compared.ResultsThe total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group. After treatment, the levels of the TCM syndrome score, pain score, IL‐1, IL‐6, and CRP in the treatment group showed significant decreases compared with those in the control group, while the scores of OPG, IGF‐1, OC, and knee joint function in the treatment group showed significant increases compared with those in the control group. There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two groups.ConclusionsThe Zushima patch combined with celecoxib could relieve the pain of KOA with cold‐dampness obstruction and improve knee joint function. These effects may be the result of the downregulation of inflammatory factors and the regulation of joint fluid‐related indices.
Collaborative Multi‐User Task Allocation in Social‐Based Crowdsensing Platform
Authors: Lin Kun‐Yu , Hu Chih‐Lin , Mir Mohd Yaseen , Huang Sheng‐Zhi , Chen Yung‐Hui , Hui Lin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMobile crowdsensing (MCS) technologies usher in new distributed services that utilize user‐provided resources to execute tasks in ubiquitous network environments. Conventional studies mainly emphasize user recruitment for simple task allocation with neither information exchange nor collaboration between users. Our study aims to investigate the new issue of collaborative multi‐user (CMU) task allocation, while many users cooperate in complex tasks that require multi‐fold resources from different users. To form a group of collaborative users, we adopt the social‐tie notion to represent three group types, including basic, bridging, and linked user groups, in MCS contexts. By quantifying the strength of social connections between users, we formulate the measures of service capacity and cost with respect to any user group. Then, the fittingness of each group to a task can be calculated, and then a subset of user groups can be chosen to perform CMU tasks. We propose a group‐based task allocation scheme, briefly named GTA, which can evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of task processing by any particular group and thus allocate appropriate groups in accordance with different task requirements. Performance results by simulation manifest that the GTA scheme is promising in sustaining lower service time with only a minor influence on service cost, as compared with two typical schemes, MinCost and GoCC.
Retrospective cohort study of ambulatory care pharmacist interventions’ impact on incidence of therapeutic response in anxiety and depression
Authors: Kiebach Ashlyn M. , McAlpine Tara E. , Cavanaugh Mitchell H. , Benzer Jessica A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionAmbulatory care pharmacists continue to expand their involvement in the management of various disease states across the United States, including anxiety and depression. There is limited literature assessing the clinical impact of these practice advances implemented by pharmacists who do not carry psychiatric training (i.e., psychiatric board certification or mental health training) within primary care.MethodsThis was a retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of adult patients who had at least one documented visit between February 2020 and August 2023 with an ambulatory care pharmacist who did not carry additional psychiatric training to comanage their diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. The primary outcome was the achievement of a therapeutic response (a reduction of 50% or greater in Patient Health Questionnaire 9‐item depression scale [PHQ‐9] and/or the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐item scale [GAD‐7] scores). Secondary outcomes included the change in PHQ‐9 and/or GAD‐7 scores, incidence of remission, predictors of therapeutic response, pharmacist intervention subtypes, and percentage use of pharmacogenomics.ResultsTherapeutic response for PHQ‐9 was achieved for 60 (48.4%) of 124 patients included after utilization of an ambulatory care pharmacist without additional psychiatric training embedded in primary care. While two‐thirds of patients had comorbid anxiety, 43 (57.4%) could not be evaluated for clinical improvement as they did not have available GAD‐7 scores for analysis. Available PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 scores had median score reductions of 5 (−11,0) and 4.5 (−7.75, 3.5), respectively, at approximately 6 months (p < 0.001 and p = 0.023). Patients had a median number of 4 (2, 5) visits with a pharmacist and a median number of 2 (1, 3) interventions.ConclusionsAmbulatory care pharmacists, regardless of additional psychiatric training, can help patients achieve a therapeutic response for depression and anxiety as well as significantly improve PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 scores. Additional education on the importance of GAD‐7 monitoring is warranted given its lack of routine collection and evaluation among patients presenting with comorbid depression and anxiety.
Detecting Collagen by Machine Learning Improved Photoacoustic Spectral Analysis for Breast Cancer Diagnostics: Feasibility Studies With Murine Models
Authors: Li Jiayan , Bai Lu , Chen Yingna , Cao Junmei , Zhu Jingtao , Zhi Wenxiang , Cheng Qian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCollagen, a key structural component of the extracellular matrix, undergoes significant remodeling during carcinogenesis. However, the important role of collagen levels in breast cancer diagnostics still lacks effective in vivo detection techniques to provide a deeper understanding. This study presents photoacoustic spectral analysis improved by machine learning as a promising non‐invasive diagnostic method, focusing on exploring collagen as a salient biomarker. Murine model experiments revealed more profound associations of collagen with other cancer components than in normal tissues. Moreover, an optimal set of feature wavelengths was identified by a genetic algorithm for enhanced diagnostic performance, among which 75% were from collagen‐dominated absorption wavebands. Using optimal spectra, the diagnostic algorithm achieved 72% accuracy, 66% sensitivity, and 78% specificity, surpassing full‐range spectra by 6%, 4%, and 8%, respectively. The proposed photoacoustic methods examine the feasibility of offering valuable biochemical insights into existing techniques, showing great potential for early‐stage cancer detection.
Circular RNA circ_0004630 promotes malignancy and glycolysis of nonsmall cell lung cancer by sponging microRNA‐1208 and regulating leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 expression
Authors: Zhang Xiangli , Wu Junfang , Miao Yi , Wang Jing , Wang Enguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence has discovered that circular RNAs play important regulators of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the role and potential molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_100549 (circ_0004630) involved in NSCLC is poorly defined. In this study, circ_0004630, microRNA‐1208 (miR‐1208), and leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) expression were detected using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, and invasion were assessed using 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5‐ethynyl‐2’‐deoxyuridine, colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Protein levels of glucose transporter 1, Hexokinase 2, and LRRK2 were detected using western blot assay. Glucose consumption, lactate production, and adenosine triphosphate content were assessed using the corresponding kits. After predicting via bioinformatics software Circinteractome and Targetscan, the binding between miR‐1208 and circ_0004630 or LRRK2 was verified by a dual‐luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull‐down assay. The xenograft tumor model analyzed the biological role circ_000460 on tumor growth in vivo. It was found that circ_0004630 and LRRK2 were increased, and miR‐1208 was low expression in NSCLC tissues and cells. Functionally, the downregulation of circ_0004630 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, glycolysis, and accelerated apoptosis in vitro. In mechanism, circ_0004630 might work as a sponge of miR‐1208 to modulate LRRK2 expression. In addition, DUXAP8 deficiency cured neuroblastoma tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, circ_0004630 knockdown might suppress NSCLC cell proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis partly by the miR‐1208/LRRK2 axis. Our findings hinted at an important theoretical basis for further elucidating the pathogenesis of NSCLC and targeted therapy.
Optimizing Outcomes in Heart Transplantation: The Role of High‐Intensity Statin Therapy
Authors: Ghavamikia Nima , Saffarfar Hossein , Seifdavati Babak , Jamali Mohaddeseh , Izadidehkordi Shadi , Pakmehr Seyyed Abbas , Aghabali Mohammadreza , Jahani Negar , Ali‐Khiavi Payam , Soleimanian Abtin , Hijazi Ahmed , Vahedinezhad Milad , Shahhoseini Reza 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHeart transplantation is a vital procedure for patients with end‐stage heart failure, but it faces significant challenges, including graft dysfunction, rejection, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), which can compromise long‐term graft success. Research suggests that statin therapy may offer significant benefits to heart transplant recipients, such as improved long‐term survival and reduced rates of graft rejection and mortality. The aim of this review is to thoroughly examine the recent literature on this topic since 2005. Early use of high‐dose statins appears to be particularly effective in preventing vasculopathy and improving outcomes, although a titrated approach may help to reduce side effects. High‐dose statins may provide superior cardiovascular benefits, including lower rates of CVD, slower progression of CVD and improved long‐term graft survival. Despite potential concerns about adverse effects, evidence suggests that high‐intensity statins improve cholesterol levels without increasing serious adverse events after transplantation. The goal of statin therapy in heart transplant recipients is to balance the well‐established benefits seen in the general population with the specific needs of this group, with the ultimate goal of improving both longevity and quality of life.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: The Mechanism of Pathogenicity, Immune Responses, and Diagnostic Challenges
Authors: Mohammadnabi Noura , Shamseddin Jebreil , Emadi Mobina , Bodaghi Ali Bayat , Varseh Mahdieh , Shariati Aref , Rezaei Mina , Dastranj Mahsa , Farahani Abbas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis arises from a complex interplay between the host immune system and the bacteria. Early and effective treatment of this disease is of great importance in order to prevent the emergence of drug‐resistant strains. This necessitates the availability of fast and reliable diagnostic methods for managing affected cases. One reason why this study is significant is the lack of a comprehensive review in this field that thoroughly examines the importance, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of M. tuberculosis. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide updated information on M. tuberculosis.MethodsWe investigate the virulence factors, pathogenicity, and diagnostic methods of this bacterium, alongside the clinical symptoms and interpretation of different types of tuberculosis, including cerebral, miliary, nerve, and tubercular tuberculosis.ResultsMycobacterium tuberculosis acts as the causative agent of human tuberculosis and is regarded as one of the most adaptable human pathogens. M. tuberculosis possesses several virulence factors that help the bacterium evade mucous barriers. The rise of multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR‐TB) in both developing and industrialized countries emphasizes the need for rapid diagnostic methods.ConclusionsNon‐protein virulence factors play a crucial role in the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). The bacterial cell membrane contains proteins that modulate the host immune response. For instance, ESAT‐6, either alone or in combination with CFP‐10, reduces immune activity. While molecular techniques—such as DNA microarray, luciferase reporter assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA and RNA probes, next‐generation sequencing, and whole‐genome sequencing—offer rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of M. tuberculosis, these methods are expensive and require technical expertise.
Applying Dialectical Behavior Therapy as a Transdiagnostic Treatment in a Case of Borderline Personality Disorder and Eating Disorder
Authors: Navarro‐Haro María Vicenta , Morillo Alba Abanades , García‐Palacios Azucena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents a case study of a 31‐year‐old woman with a dual diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). Paula received a 12‐month Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) outpatient treatment. DBT is considered a transdiagnostic treatment approach to address emotion dysregulation, which shifts the therapy focus traditionally placed only on behavioral change toward including also validation and acceptance and dialectical strategies. DBT addresses eating symptomatology as a dysfunctional form of emotional regulation and has shown promising results regarding its efficacy for the treatment of BPD and EDNOS comorbidity. Given the growing evidence, a standard DBT treatment plan was developed for this case. Specifically, pretreatment and phase 1 of the DBT program are described. During pretreatment and phase 1, individual therapy aims to improve and maintain client's motivation to change and engage in treatment, as well as to establish and prioritize treatment goals. As for group therapy, the main goal of the skills training in DBT is to enhance individual's capability by increasing skillful behavior (mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness skills). Paula received 24 weekly skills training sessions over a year. The results after a 12‐month standard DBT treatment showed that Paula no longer met criteria for BPD, she had a significant decrease in difficulties in emotional regulation and impulsiveness and in EDNOS symptomatology. This case study may enhance learning about how to apply a transdiagnostic treatment to address BPD and EDNOS together in clinical practice.