bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of composite dietary antioxidants in elderly cognitive function: insights from NHANES
Authors: Chen Fangsen , Chen Junhan , Liu Peitian , Huang Yanling 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigates the relationship between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and cognitive function among elderly individuals, aiming to understand how increased antioxidant intake affects cognitive abilities in an aging population.MethodsUtilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014, we analyzed a sample of 2,516 participants aged 60 and above. Cognitive performance was assessed using the CERAD Word Learning and Recall Test, the Animal Fluency Test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Multivariable regression models were adjusted for demographic, dietary, and health-related factors to explore the association between CDAI scores and cognitive outcomes.ResultsThe regression analyses showed a statistically significant positive association between higher CDAI scores and cognitive performance across several tests. Specifically, increments in CDAI were associated with increased scores in the CERAD Word Learning Test: Score 1 (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.03, 0.06]), Score 2 (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]), Score 3 (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.06]), and the Delayed Recall Test (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.06]). Additionally, significant improvements were observed in the Animal Fluency Test (β = 0.19, 95% CI [0.14, 0.24]) and the Digit Symbol Test (β = 0.55, 95% CI [0.39, 0.71]). Subgroup analyses further highlighted that higher CDAI scores conferred more pronounced cognitive benefits in women, individuals aged 80 and above, Non-Hispanic Black people, and those with lower educational levels, suggesting that dietary antioxidants might be particularly beneficial in these groups.ConclusionAn antioxidant-rich diet may represent a viable intervention to mitigate age-related cognitive decline, supporting cognitive health in the elderly. These results underscore the potential public health implications of dietary recommendations aimed at increasing antioxidant consumption among older adults. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings and to investigate the underlying mechanisms in detail.
Communication dynamics and media interactions of young adults who have attempted suicide: a qualitative thematic analysis
Authors: Arık Emel , İnce Mustafa , Koçak Mevlüt Can , Bilişli Yasemin , Karataş Emrah Onur , Akgün Hakkı , Aşlakçı Faruk 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe study examines the potential effects of communication processes and media consumption habits on suicide ideation among male and female young adults aged 18–29 who have attempted suicide at least once.MethodsIn-depth interviews were analyzed using MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2024, and thematic analysis was applied according to Braun and Clarke’s model.ResultsFour themes emerged: (1) Family-related factors, (2) sociopsychological factors, (3) sociocultural factors, and (4) media-related factors. Regarding family-related factors, most participants come from broken family structures and commonly report issues with family communication and experiences of violence. Regarding sociopsychological factors, anger issues, despair, and addictions among participants were observed to increase suicide tendencies. Regarding sociocultural factors, most participants expressed difficulties in conforming to society and feeling pressures from cultural or religious expectations. Regarding media-related factors, it was noted that a vast majority of participants spend long hours consuming media daily and frequently interact with content that leads them into adverse emotional states, primarily for time passing on social media platforms.DiscussionThis research not only reinforces information in the literature but also presents unique findings compared to similar studies, particularly in cultural and geographical contexts. The results uniquely highlight the diversity in perceptions of the relationship between religion and suicide. While literature generally notes religion as a deterrent to suicide, this study reveals that intense religious pressure could increase suicidal tendencies through effects like rejection and hatred of religious values. Media also plays a reinforcing role in this context.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study elucidates the complex interactions underlying suicide attempts among young adults and provides a solid foundation for policies and interventions aimed at better managing media interactions, which play a critical role in suicide prevention efforts.
Factors associated with hygiene practices among primary school children in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Bamlaku Golla Eyasu , Leta Dawit Denano , Abate Alegntaw , Geremew Habtamu , Abdisa Kuse Samuel 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEight years into the Sustainable Development Goal period, Ethiopia is not on track to achieve good hygiene practices among school children. Ensuring good hygiene practices among primary school children to prevent the spread of communicable diseases remains a challenge in most primary schools in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with hygiene practices among primary school children in southern Ethiopia.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 3 to July 28, 2022, in five primary schools. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the school. Subsequently, 640 students were selected from the proportionally allocated sample size. Pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires and observational checklists were utilized to collect data. The data was then entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Variables with a p ≤ 0.25 at bivariate analysis were used to develop a multivariable logistic model to identify factors associated with hygiene practices. P &lt; 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe magnitude of overall good hygiene practices was 29.2% (95% CI: 25.81–32.59). Urban residence (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.55), knowledge of handwashing (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI 2.8–7.36), being a member of a hygiene and sanitation club (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.4–6.86), and experience of visiting a model school (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI 2.1–5.55) were found to be significantly associated with hygiene practices.ConclusionThe overall level of good hygiene practices in Kedida district was low. Therefore, it is essential to enhance health education on handwashing, establish sanitation and hygiene clubs, and conduct visits to district model elementary schools.
Perceptions of improvements and mental health outcomes of micro-renewal in old Danwei community: a survey of residents in Hengyang, China
Authors: Chen Mengjia , Shi Lei , Wang Bo , Sun Hao , Lin Dahu , Chang Yating , Yan Shuting , Peng You , Feng Tao 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionDanwei communities are a testament to China’s socialist urban development, characterized by the self-sufficiency, strong social networks, and institutional management. In the historical context of urban development in China, many old communities have evolved from former housing areas of Danwei. After more than 40 years of use, the buildings, and environments in the old Danwei communities remain in disrepair, dirty, disorderly and poor condition. Many functions have failed that negatively affect the quality of life and health of residents. After Covid-19, improving the mental health of residents has become a major goal of public policies in various countries.MethodsTo explore the residents’ mental health in the micro-renewal, this study carried out a survey regarding residents’ evaluation on the micro-renewal and their mental health in two renewed Danwei communities in Hengyang, China. More than 800 respondents joined the interview, among them, 634 samples are effective for analysis. Entropy-TOPSIS is applied to analyze the weights of various indicators of micro-renewal. And multinominal logit model is used to examine the relationship between the personal factors, satisfaction on various items of micro-renewal and mental health.Results and DiscussionThe findings indicates that the mental health level of residents living in Danwei community is affected by micro-renewal. The socio-demographic characteristics and behavior factors can influence on the possibility of being in different levels of mental health. The satisfaction on the components of micro-renewal and improvements after micro-renewal is also determiner of residents’ mental health level. In addition, the heterogeneity is address in mental health.
Implementation outcomes of peer education programme comparing state-led and NGO-facilitated models in two Indian states: qualitative findings
Authors: Arora Monika , Bassi Shalini , Bahl Deepika , Thapliyal Nishibha , Kumar Deepak , Pemde Harish K. , Rizvi Zoya Ali 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionEach Indian state can select one of the two implementation models under India’s National Adolescent Health Strategy, i.e., Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram, either direct implementation through the existing State Health Department and systems, or the Non-Governmental Organisation (NGOs) implementation model, which involves partnering with one or more field-level NGOs to provide the services and personnel.MethodsTo compare and comprehend the implementation strategies of the Peer Education programme under the Direct and NGO implementation models within India’s National Adolescent Health Strategy, and to document factors facilitating and hindering the adoption and implementation of the programme across two Indian states, using a qualitative approach.ResultsVariations and similarities were seen across the two models. Employing a multi-level selection process, Madhya Pradesh selected two peer educators (PEs), while Maharashtra had four. Criteria included adolescents aged 15 and above in Madhya Pradesh and younger (10–14 years) and older (15–19 years) in Maharashtra. Madhya Pradesh selected Shadow Peers (10–14 years) to address attrition. Training in Madhya Pradesh spanned over 6 days, structured, led by NGO Mentors, utilising standardised, interactive resources with participatory methods. Maharashtra’s training, facilitated by Auxiliary Nurse Midwife or Medical Officer, followed traditional approaches and relied on the trainer’s expertise. PE session frequency and duration varied from monthly to quarterly. PEs were comfortable in handling issues like nutrition and non-communicable diseases but faced hesitancy in handling sexual and reproductive health issues. Regular Adolescent Friendly Clubs supported peer educators (PEs). In Madhya Pradesh, Adolescent Health and Wellness Days were suspended due to the pandemic, which led to decreased awareness of adolescent health services. Maharashtra resumed Adolescent Health and Wellness Days albeit on a limited scale.ConclusionThe study identified various similarities and deviations from operational guidelines for the implementation of the peer education programme, offering valuable guidance for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders involved in RKSK’s planning and implementation. It presents actionable strategies to strengthen peer education interventions within national adolescent health programmes, regionally and globally.
Exposure to household air pollution and childhood multimorbidity risk in Jimma, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulat Elias , Tamiru Dessalegn , Abate Kalkidan Hassen 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundChildhood multimorbidity, characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of multiple medical conditions in children, is a global concern. Notably, exposure to household air pollution has been linked to various health issues, particularly affecting vulnerable segments of the population residing in poorly ventilated homes. However, evidence regarding the impact of household air pollution on the risk of multimorbidity in low-income settings remains scarce. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between household air pollution and childhood multimorbidity in Jimma, Ethiopia.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from 280 children under the age of five who lived in households using solid fuel (n = 140) and clean fuel (n = 140). The Demographic Health Survey morbidity questionnaire was used to collect information from mothers about common childhood illnesses. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between the use of solid fuel for cooking in households and the likelihood of childhood multimorbidity. In addition, Poisson regression estimation was used to determine if exposure to solid fuel could increase the number of morbidities.ResultsThe overall prevalence of childhood multimorbidity was 34.3% [95% CI: 0.29–0.40]. Among these cases, 23.9% were among children from solid fuel user households, whereas about 10.4% were from clean fuel user households. Adjusted for all possible socioeconomic, demographic, water, sanitation, hygiene, and health care covariates, children living in solid fuel user households had more than three times the odds of childhood multimorbidity compared to children living in clean fuel user households (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI [1.42–6.95], p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, household air pollution from solid fuel use was positively associated with an increased number of individual morbidity conditions, with an adjusted β coefficient of 0.46 (IRR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.17–2.13], p = 0.003).ConclusionSolid fuel use was an independent predictor of childhood morbidity risk. Efficient policies and strategies, such as the integration of environmental regulation policies into the healthcare system aimed at the reduction of harmful air pollutants and their adverse health effects on children, need to be implemented.
Study on the Effect of Flexible Passive Deformation of Tuna Caudal Fin on Swimming Performance
Authors: Zhong Shi-Yun , Gao Tian-Yu , Huang Wei-Pei , Sun Peng-Nan , Yu Chao , Zhao Wang , Guo Zhi-Qun 
Published: November 2024

The high-speed and efficient swimming characteristics of tuna are valuable for designing bio-inspired underwater vehicles. Tuna use their highly deformable caudal fins as propulsors during swimming. Caudal fin deformation is categorized into skeletal-controlled active deformation and fluid-induced flexible passive deformation. To investigate how flexible passive deformation affects propulsion performance, simulations of four caudal fins with varying flexibilities under two St numbers in a uniform flow are conducted using the finite volume method. This study finds that the medium-flexibility caudal fin achieves a higher time-averaged thrust coefficient without sacrificing efficiency under both high and low St numbers. At a high St number, the medium-flexibility caudal fin enhances thrust by reducing detrimental secondary flows. At a low St number, the medium-flexibility caudal fin increases thrust by strengthening vortex rings, which induces a stronger backward jet.
Hydroxychloroquine Mitigates Cytokine Storm and Prevents Critical Illness Neuromyopathy in a Rat Sepsis Model
Authors: Eygi Elif , Kucuk Onur , Aydemir Semih , Atilgan Merve , Dokuyucu Recep , Erbas Oytun 
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: It is known that critical illness and associated neuromuscular problems begin to appear in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) for more than a week. The goal of this study was to research the role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of cytokine storm and critical illness neuromyopathy (CINM) in a rat sepsis model. Materials and Methods: Rats were assigned into three groups, and a feces intraperitoneal-injection group (FIP) procedure was carried out on 30 rats to induce a model of sepsis for critical illness polyneuromyopathy (CINM). The study groups were as follows: Group 1: control (nonoperative and orally fed control, n = 10), Group 2: FIP with 0.9% NaCl saline was given as 1 mL/kg/day by oral gavage (n = 10), and Group 3: FIP with 10 mg/kg/day of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil 200 mg) administered by oral gavage (n = 10). Electrophysiological recordings (EMG) were conducted six days after surgery. EMG was carried out three times on the right sciatic nerve, which was stimulated with supramaximal intensity utilizing a bipolar needle electrode at the sciatic notch. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid levels, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated. Results: In terms of TNF-α, MDA, lactic acid levels, and IL-6, there was a statistically significant decrease in the CINM + 10 mg/kg HCQ group compared to the CINM and saline group (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) latency and duration were decreased in the CINM + 10 mg/kg HCQ group compared to other groups (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). However, CMAP amplitude was significantly higher in the CINM + 10 mg/kg HCQ group unlike the CINM and saline group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate the effects of HCQ on CINM in a rat model of sepsis. The findings of our research suggest that hydroxychloroquine may be used as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of sepsis. Hydroxychloroquine may have an important effect in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated CINM by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress.
Translating primary care to telehealth: analysis of in-person paediatric consultations and role of carers
Authors: Chan Simon , Khandaker Tasneem , Li Yifu , Jackson Tim M , Rahimi-Ardabili Hania , Lau Annie YS 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe usage of telehealth in general practice has risen substantially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Over this time frame, telehealth has provided care for all patient demographics, including the paediatric population (aged ≤18 years). However, the translatability of telehealth (that is, whether in-person tasks can be supported remotely via telehealth) rarely considers the paediatric population or their carers.AimTo examine the degree of translatability to telehealth for in-person GP consultations on paediatric patients with consideration of the carers’ roles.Design & settingThis study screened 281 videos of in-person GP consultations set within UK general practices, and 20 of them were eligible for analysis.MethodA secondary analysis of in-person GP consultations was undertaken to examine tasks, physical artefacts, examinations, and the interaction between carer, patient, and GP. A novel scoring method revolving around two key metrics, taking into consideration the carer, was designed to analyse whether the tasks performed can be supported via telehealth.ResultsAnalysis of 20 eligible consultations revealed 13 distinct physical examinations, 19 physical artefacts, and 17 clinical tasks. Of these 17 clinical tasks, 41% were deemed ‘easily translatable to telehealth,’ 29% 'moderately translatable with patient-provided equipment', 12% 'potentially translatable', and 18% 'currently untranslatable'. The average telehealth translatability score was 6.1/10, which suggests possible challenges with telehealth support. Regarding carer involvement, 90% of consultations involved collecting patient history, 70% placation of child, and 40% had physical support during examinations.ConclusionTasks performed during paediatric in-person GP consultations may not be easily translatable to telehealth and caution should be exercised when considering their translatability to telehealth.
Rekomendasi Pembelian Sepeda Motor Bekas Dengan Menggunakan Metode Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS)
Authors: Dalimunthe Aldiansah , Citra Hendra 
Published: November 2024

Sepeda Motor bekas merupakan salah satu kendaraan yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat, terutama masyarakat dengan ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu dalam merekomendasikan sepeda motor bekas terbaik secara lebih akurat dengan menggunakan metode Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS). Metode ARAS dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam mengevaluasi dan merangking alternatif berdasarkan sejumlah kriteria yang mempengaruhi nilai dari setiap alternatif. Dalam penelitian ini, beberapa kriteria dianalisis dan diberi bobot sesuai dengan tingkat kepentingannya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rekomendasi pembelian motor bekas dengan peringkat tertinggi ditujukan pada motor bekas Kawasaki Ninja 250 dengan nilai normalisasi matriks total (D4) untuk setiap kriteria sebesar 0.83729 dan nilai bobot matriks ternormalisasi (Si) sebesar 0.1270 dengan nilai akhir sekaligus tingkat perankingan tertinggi dari alternatif (Ki) sebesar 0.1354. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan pada penelitian ini yaitu rekomendasi penentuan sepeda motor bekas terbaik.
СРАВНЕНИЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ДАННЫХ ДВУХ НЕЗАВИСИМЫХ ВЫБОРОК С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПРОГРАММНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ STATISTICA И SPSS: ПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ И НЕПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ КРИТЕРИИ
Authors: А.М. Гржибовский , С.В. Иванов , М.А. Горбатова 
Published: November 2024

В настоящей работе представлены общие сведения об использовании параметрического непарного критерия Стьюдента и непараметрического критерия Манна-Уитни для сравнения количественных признаков в независимых выборках. Описан алгоритм расчета критериев с использованием программного обеспечения Statistica 10 и SPSS 20, а также представлена интерпретация результатов расчетов. Настоящая статья призвана дать общие сведения об использовании критериев Стьюдента и Манна-Уитни, и не заменяет прочтения специализированной литературы по статистике и клинической эпидемиологии.
This is the second paper of the series of articles where we present basic principles of statistical data analysis using Statistica and SPSS software for beginners. Step-be-step algorithms for Student’s unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney test for independent samples are presented. The main aim of this paper is to provide basic knowledge on ho to compare continuous variables in two independent samples with practical examples using commonly used software. The article complements, but does not substitute specialized literature on biostatistics and clinical epidemiology.
Осы жұмыста тәуелсіз іріктемелердің сандық белгілерін салыстыру үшін Стьюдент параметрлік қосарлы емес критерилерін және Манна-Уитни параметрлік емес критерилерін қолдану туралы жалпы мәліметтер берілген. Statistica 10 және SPSS 20 бағдарламалық қамтамасыз етуді пайдаланумен критерилер мәліметтері есебінің алгоритмі суреттелген және есептер нәтижелерінің интерпретациясы берілген. Осы мақала Стьюдент және Манна-Уитни критерилерін қолдану туралы жалпы мәліметтер беруге талап етілген және статистика және клиникалық эпидемиология бойынша мамандандырылған әдебиетті оқудың орнын баспайды.