bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Additional Anterolateral Structure Augmentation to Controlling Pivot Shift in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ueki Hiroko , Katagiri Hiroki , Otabe Koji , Nakagawa Yusuke , Ohara Toshiyuki , Shioda Mikio , Kohno Yuji , Hoshino Takashi , Sekiya Ichiro , Koga Hideyuki 
Published: June 2019

Background:Several types of anterolateral structure (ALS) augmentation procedures in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have been reported. However, information is limited regarding the effect of additional ALS augmentation on rotatory stability in a clinical setting.Purpose/Hypothesis:This study aimed to investigate the contribution of additional ALS augmentation in ACL reconstruction in cases with a high risk of residual pivot shift. The 2 hypotheses were as follows. First, additional ALS augmentation would improve rotatory stability as compared with solely reconstructing the ACL. Second, graft tension changes would be different between the ACL and ALS during knee range of motion and against anterior or rotatory loads.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:Fifteen patients who met at least 1 of the following criteria were included: (1) revision ACL reconstruction, (2) preoperative high-grade pivot shift, or (3) hyperextended knee. The pivot-shift test was performed preoperatively and during surgery after ACL reconstruction and after additional ALS augmentation with acceleration measurements from a triaxial accelerometer. The tension changes of the ACL and ALS grafts were also measured during knee range of motion and against manual maximum anterior tibial translation, internal rotation, and external rotation.Results:After ACL reconstruction, the pivot-shift acceleration was still greater than that of the uninjured knee. However, additional ALS augmentation further reduced acceleration when compared with ACL reconstruction alone in both primary and revision cases ( P < .05 vs preoperative, P < .05 vs ACL). During knee flexion-extension, the tension of the ACL increased as the knee was extended, whereas that of the ALS did not change. Graft tension of the ACL and ALS became higher with internal rotation and lower with external rotation as compared with the neutral position. Tension of the ACL was significantly increased against anterior tibial translational loads, whereas that of the ALS was not.Conclusion:Additional ALS augmentation further improved the rotatory stability during ACL reconstruction in patients with a high risk of residual pivot shift at the time of surgery. Significant differences in graft tension changes were also observed between the ACL and ALS against different loads. Additional ALS augmentation may be considered to eliminate the pivot shift in patients with a high risk of residual pivot shift.
High Rate of Failure After Matrix-Assisted Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation in Osteoarthritic Knees at 15 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Andriolo Luca , Reale Davide , Di Martino Alessandro , Zaffagnini Stefano , Vannini Francesca , Ferruzzi Alberto , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: June 2019

Background:Chondral and osteochondral lesions in osteoarthritic knees of young patients remain challenging for orthopaedic surgeons, due to a combination of high functional demands and limited indications for joint replacement in this population. The possibility of extending the indication of cartilage regenerative procedures to these patients may allow the delay of metal resurfacing.Purpose:To analyze the potential of a cartilage regenerative approach to provide clinical benefits in young patients with osteoarthritic knees, documenting outcomes in terms of clinical improvement as well as failures, in particular regarding knee replacement, at long-term follow-up.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:A total of 41 patients (mean ± SD age, 43 ± 9 years) who had cartilage lesions (4 ± 2 cm2) in osteoarthritic knees (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3) underwent matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) as a salvage procedure. Patients were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), EuroQol visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and Tegner scores before surgery; at 1, 2, 5, and 9 years after surgery; and at a final follow-up at a mean of 15 years after surgery (range, 14-18 years). Failures were also recorded.Results:An improvement was observed in all scores after surgery, but a progressive worsening over time was noted. The mean ± SD IKDC score improved from 38.6 ± 16.2 to a maximum of 66.0 ± 18.6 at 2 years ( P < .0005), with a subsequent deterioration until the final evaluation at 56.2 ± 21.7 ( P = .024). A similar trend was confirmed by EQ-VAS scores. Tegner scores improved at all follow-up points but did not reach the preinjury level. Patients who underwent combined surgery obtained significantly lower results. Only 13 patients (32%) had an IKDC score higher than 70. During the follow-up period, 21 patients underwent reoperation (18 with knee replacement) and 3 more patients experienced clinical failure, for a total surgical and clinical failure rate of 59% at 15 years.Conclusion:The use of cartilage regenerative surgical procedures, such as MACT, as salvage procedures for young, active patients affected by chondral and osteochondral lesions in osteoarthritic knees led to a limited improvement, with the majority of patients experiencing failure at long-term follow-up. Although a minor subpopulation experienced favorable and stable improvement, the use of MACT for such a challenging indication remains questionable until responding patients can be profiled.
US Military Spending: A Perspective on the Restructuring Dynamics of the Defense Sector
Authors: Gentilucci Eleonora 
Published: June 2019

The political economy of defense spending is enormously important given its magnitude and its global implication. Since the late 1990s, world and US military spending has being rising. This trend appears to be in sharp contrast to the long-term forecast about the so-called “peace dividend” formulated after the fall of the Berlin Wall. In order to explain this trend of military expenditures in the United States, the restructuring of the defense sector (in terms of concentration and financialization), the shift from a focus on “defense” to “security,” and the role and influence of “vested interests” in this process leading to the creation of the military-security system, are taken into consideration. The relation between social spending and military expenditures is also discussed. JEL Classification: H56, H5, B5, F52, L16
Clinical features, outcomes and risk factors for posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study
Authors: Cui H- W , Lei R- Y , Zhang S- G , Han L- S , Zhang B- A 
Published: June 2019

Objective The objective of this paper is to investigate the clinical features, outcomes, and risk factors for posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods From 2011 to October 2017, SLE patients with PRES were identified from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China. Patients presenting with neuropsychiatric lupus hospitalized in the same period were included as controls. Additionally, survival status was acquired via telephone follow-up in March 2018. Results Thirty episodes of PRES were identified in 29 SLE patients from a total of 7059 SLE patients (prevalence 0.43%). Patients with PRES had a younger age at onset than controls, with seizures more commonly the initial clinical manifestation (80.00% vs 42.37%, p = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression yet again confirmed several known risk factors, including younger age (odds ratio (OR) 1.15 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.16)), nephritis (OR 20.74 (18.10–23.75)), history of hypertension (OR 1.17 (1.05–1.31)), SLE Disease Activity Index without neurologic symptoms (SLEDAI-N) score >12 (OR 1.14 (1.11–1.18)) and eclampsia (OR 9.38 (7.84–11.23)). Furthermore, we identified two novel independent risk factors for PRES in SLE: white blood cells >9 × 109/l (OR 2.33 (2.05–2.64)) and heart failure (OR 2.10 (1.18–2.42)). At follow-up, SLE patients with PRES had higher mortality than controls (30.77% vs 8.33%, respectively, p = 0.012). Conclusions PRES may be a reversible neurological deficit in patients with SLE other than neuropsychiatric lupus. Our results indicate two new risk factors for PRES and that PRES is associated with a higher mortality rate.
Gauging the Impact of Payment System Innovations on Financial Intermediation: Novel Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Lubis Alexander , Alexiou Constantinos , Nellis Joseph G. 
Published: June 2019

In this article, the relationship between innovations in the payment systems and financial intermediation is explored. By focusing on excess reserves and currency demand we provide evidence on the extant transmission mechanism. In this direction, a generalised method of moments (GMM) and vector error correction model (VECM) techniques are applied to a data set collated for Indonesia. We find that financial intermediation is affected by currency demand while we observe a limited role of excess reserves affecting financial intermediation. Credit card payments are found to have a statistically significant effect on currency demand, whereas debit card payments only influence financial intermediation in the long run. In addition, the real-time gross settlement (RTGS) exerts an upward pressure on excess reserves. The findings are of great importance as they provide support to policies that favour payment migration to an electronic platform, particularly that of card-based payment systems. JEL Classification: E42, E58, N25, G21
A case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy under dimethyl fumarate treatment without severe lymphopenia or immunosenescence
Authors: Diebold Martin , Altersberger Valerian , Décard Bernhard F , Kappos Ludwig , Derfuss Tobias , Lorscheider Johannes 
Published: June 2019

Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is the main safety concern for dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Risk stratification under DMF is currently based on age above 50 years and prolonged lymphopenia below 500 cells/μL. Objective: To report a case of PML under DMF without severe lymphopenia or immunosenescence. Methods: Case report. Results: A 39-year-old female pwMS developed DMF-associated oligosymptomatic PML. The patient had not experienced any repeated lymphocyte counts below 800 cells/μL and was 15 years younger than previously described cases. Conclusion: Despite risk stratification, vigilance for PML is advised in all pwMS under DMF. Severe CD8-lymphopenia is a common feature of all published DMF-associated cases.
Weekend hospital discharge is associated with suboptimal care and outcomes: An observational Australian Stroke Clinical Registry study
Authors: Kilkenny Monique F , Lannin Natasha A , Levi Chris , Faux Steven G , Dewey Helen M , Grimley Rohan , Hill Kelvin , Grabsch Brenda , Kim Joosup , Hand Peter , Crosby Vanessa , Gardner Michele , Rois-Gnecco Juan , Thijs Vincent , Anderson Craig S , Donnan Geoffrey , Middleton Sandy , Cadilhac Dominique A 
Published: June 2019

Background The quality of stroke care may diminish on weekends. Aims We aimed to compare the quality of care and outcomes for patients with stroke/transient ischemic attack discharged on weekdays compared with those discharged on weekends. Methods Data from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry from January 2010 to December 2015 ( n = 45 hospitals) were analyzed. Differences in processes of care by the timing of discharge are described. Multilevel regression and survival analyses (up to 180 days postevent) were undertaken. Results Among 30,649 registrants, 2621 (8.6%) were discharged on weekends (55% male; median age 74 years). Compared to those discharged on weekdays, patients discharged on weekends were more often patients with a transient ischemic attack (weekend 35% vs. 19%; p < 0.001) but were less often treated in a stroke unit (69% vs. 81%; p < 0.001), prescribed antihypertensive medication at discharge (65% vs. 71%; p < 0.001) or received a care plan if discharged to the community (47% vs. 53%; p < 0.001). After accounting for patient characteristics and clustering by hospital, patients discharged on weekends had a 1 day shorter length of stay (coefficient = −1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.52, −1.10), were less often discharged to inpatient rehabilitation (aOR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.44) and had a greater hazard of death within 180 days (hazard ratio = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.42) than those discharged on weekdays. Conclusions Patients with stroke/transient ischemic attack discharged on weekends were more likely to receive suboptimal care and have higher long-term mortality. High quality of stroke care should be consistent irrespective of the timing of hospital discharge.
Systematic evaluation of stroke thrombectomy in clinical practice: The German Stroke Registry Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Alegiani Anna C , Dorn Franziska , Herzberg Moriz , Wollenweber Frank A , Kellert Lars , Siebert Eberhard , Nolte Christian H , von Rennenberg Regina , Hattingen Elke , Petzold Gabor C , Bode Felix J , Pfeilschifter Waltraud , Schäfer Jan H , Wagner Marlies , Röther Joachim , Eckert Bernd , Kraft Peter , Pham Mirko , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Wunderlich Silke , Bernkopf Kathleen , Reich Arno , Wiesmann Martin , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Psychogios Marios , Liman Jan , Maier Ilko , Berrouschot Jörg , Bormann Albrecht , Limmroth Volker , Spreer Joachim , Petersen Martina , Krause Lars , Lowens Stephan , Kraemer Christoffer , Zweynert Sarah , Lange Kristin S , Thonke Sven , Kastrup Andreas , Papanagiotou Panagiotis , Alber Burkhard , Braun Michael , Fiehler Jens , Gerloff Christian , Dichgans Martin , Thomalla Götz 
Published: June 2019

Background Endovascular treatment has become standard of care for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion. However, patients treated in clinical practice differ from the selected populations randomized in clinical trials. Aims The German Stroke Registry Endovascular Treatment (GSR-ET) aims at a systematic evaluation of outcome, safety, and process parameters of endovascular stroke treatment in standard of care in Germany. Methods The GSR-ET is an academic, independent, prospective, multicenter, observational registry study. Participating stroke centers from all over of Germany consecutively enroll patients transferred to the angiography suite with an intention to be treated with endovascular stroke treatment. Patients receive regular care. Data are collected as part of clinical routine. Baseline clinical and procedural information and clinical follow-up information after 90 days are recorded. Here, we present an analysis of baseline data of the first 1662 patients included in the GSR-ET. Results The registry was established in June 2015. By 31 December 2017, 1662 patients were enrolled in 23 active sites. Mean age was 72 ± 13 years, 50% were female, and median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission was 15 (IQR 10–19), 88% had anterior circulation occlusion. Median ASPECT score was 8 (IQR 7–10) prior to intervention. Fifty-nine percent of patients received intravenous thrombolysis prior to thrombectomy. Mean “onset-to-groin” time was 224 ± 176 min. Conclusions Baseline characteristics of stroke patients undergoing thrombectomy in clinical practice differ from those in the randomized trials. The GSR-ET will provide valuable insights into practices of endovascular treatment in routine care of acute ischemic stroke. (GSR-ET ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03356392.)
Action Research, Ethics and the Risks of Practicing Freedom for Early Childhood Professionals
Authors: MacNaughton Glenda , Smith Kylie 
Published: June 2019

‘Fourth generation action research, as envisaged by Kemmis and McTaggert (1986) embodies educational transformation and emancipation through using critical reflection and social critique as key research processes. In this article, I argue that reconceptualist action research offers a space in which early childhood practitioners can practice reflection as an ethico-political act, and in doing so work with more effect for equity in early childhood. Central to this possibility is the capacity and desire of early childhood professionals to consciously reflect to ‘free’ themselves from knowledge and practices that fix a true and certain way to think, act and be as an as early childhood professional. Learning how to risk traditional knowledges and traditional practices supports the pursuit of freedom and thus allows ethical practice to be genuinely tranformative.‘… for what is ethics, if not the practice of freedom, the conscious [réflechié] practice of freedom’ (Michel Foucault in conversation with Rabinow (1997, p. 284)).
Separation Anxiety: A Study on Commencement at Preschool
Authors: Robbins Jill 
Published: June 2019

In this study of the incidence and intensity of separation anxiety on entrance to preschool, differences in variables such as age, sex and prior experience at separation were examined, as well as the relationship between general anxiety and separation anxiety. The subjects were 221 three- and four-year-old children about to commence preschool, while the instruments employed were Doris et al. (1971) Parental Anxiety Rating Scale (PAR), which included a general anxiety subscale and another relating to separation anxiety and their Teacher Separation Anxiety Rating Scale (TSAR). The majority of the children were rated by their parents as exhibiting relatively low levels of age-appropriate anxiety and fears, and teachers found they made a relatively easy adjustment to preschool. No significant sex differences were found in the general fears of the children, but four-year-olds were rated more fearful than three-year-olds. On the separation anxiety subscale of the PAR prior experience with separation was found to be significant, as well as the combined effects of sex, age and experience. A link between separation anxiety and general anxiety proneness was evident. No significant sex, age or prior experience differences were found on the TSAR scale. The study failed to find a significant correlation between the TSAR and the PAR on either of its subscales.
Child Care Reform and Labour Market Participation by Women
Authors: Goward Pru 
Published: June 2019

Reforms to the Commonwealth Government's Children's Services Program in the 1996 and 1997 Budgets have attracted considerable comment. Much of this comment has been predicated on the basis of a direct and causal link between changes to child care and changes in the participation of women with young children in the labour force. Evidence of changes to the labour market participation of women is very limited. Furthermore, the relationship between the labour market participation of women and child care is complicated by a range of other influences which makes drawing simple conclusions difficult.
Through young Children's Eyes: The Experience of Migration to Australia
Authors: Candy Judith , Butterworth Dawn 
Published: June 2019

Research on migrant children has concentrated mostly on their acquisition of English as a second language (ESL), educational assessment, and parental influences on learning in older children. There has been little research, particularly from an early childhood perspective, into the child's own perceptions of the experience of being a migrant child. This paper reports on a research investigation into young children's migration experiences before, during, and after the journey to Australia. Discussions with migrant children in Years 2 and 3 of primary school established important differences and similarities in experiences between both Humanitarian and Non-Humanitarian migrant categories and English and non-English-speaking background children. Recommendations for teachers are made to meet the established needs of young migrant children and to promote tolerance and understanding of different peoples and cultures.
From Child Care to School: Experience and Perceptions of Children and their Families
Authors: Elliott Alison 
Published: June 2019

This paper reports on a study that traced the experiences of Australian working families as their children started school. Each family faced the prospect of moving their child from the intimate environment of a child care centre that operated from early in the morning to early evening to a large primary school with a 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. day. Children and parents were interviewed on two occasions during the transition period and interview transcripts analysed to provide detailed descriptive, interpretative, and evaluative information on experiences and perceptions of the transition. Findings from the study highlight the processes and systems of the transition and relationships between various processes and systems. At the interpretative level they assist in: (a) understanding the complexity of the transition, (b) heightening awareness of factors to be taken into account when planning for children's transitions, and (c) drawing attention to the social and systemic processes that are likely to affect parents’ management of the transition and influence children's adjustment to school.
Within- and Between-Body-Site Agreement of Skin Autofluorescence Measurements in People With and Without Diabetes-Related Foot Disease
Authors: Fernando Malindu E. , Crowther Robert G. , Lazzarini Peter A. , Sangla Kunwarjit S. , Wearing Scott , Buttner Petra , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: June 2019

Background: Skin autofluorescence has been used to assess longer term glycemic control and risk of complications. There is however no agreed site at which autofluorescence should be measured. This study evaluated the within- and between-site agreement in measurement of skin autofluorescence using a noninvasive advanced glycation end product (AGE) reader. Methods: Overall, 132 participants were included: 16 with diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU), 63 with diabetes but without foot ulcers (DMC), 53 without diabetes or foot ulcers (HC). Skin autofluorescence was measured using the AGE Reader (DiagnOptics technologies BV, the Netherlands). Three consecutive skin autofluorescence measurements were each performed at six different body sites: the volar surfaces of both forearms (arms), dorsal surfaces of both calves (legs), and plantar surfaces of both feet (feet). Within- and between-site agreements were analyzed with concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), absolute mean differences (±standard deviation), and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. Results: The agreement between repeat assessments at the same site was almost perfect (CCC [95% CI] ranging from 0.94 [0.91-0.96] for assessments in the right foot to 0.99 [0.99-0.99] for assessments in the left arm). The limits of agreement were narrow within ±0.5 arbitrary units for all sites. The between-site agreement in measurements was poor (CCC < 0.65) with large maximum absolute mean differences (±SD) in arbitrary units (DFU = 3.40 [±2.04]; DMC = 3.15 [±2.45]; HC = 2.72 [±1.83]) and wide limits of agreement. Conclusions: Skin autofluorescence measurements can be repeated at the same site with adequate repeatability but measurements at different sites in the same patient have marked differences. The reason for this variation across sites and whether this has any role in diabetes-related complications needs further investigation.