bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standard Magnetic Field Production at Huairou Solar Observing Station
Authors: Liu Suo , Lin Ganghua , Yang Xiao , Wang Xiaofan , Su Jiangtao , Deng Yuanyong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe regular solar observations are operated at Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS) since 1987, which make the construction of long-term magnetic field datasets available to understand solar magnetic field and cycles. There exist some inconveniences for solar physicist to use these data, because the data storage medium and format at HSOS experienced some changes. Additionally, the processes of magnetic field calibration are not easy to deal with for who are not familiar with these data. Here shows that the magnetic field of HSOS are further processed toward international standards, in order to explore HSOS observations data for scientific research.
Starspot activity and differential rotation in KIC 11560447
Authors: Işık Emre , Özavcı İbrahim , Şenavcı Hakan V. , Hussain Gaitee A. J. , O’Neal Douglas , Yılmaz Mesut , Selam Selim O. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUsing high-precision photometry from the Kepler mission, we investigate patterns of spot activity on the K1-type subgiant component of KIC 11560447, a short-period late-type eclipsing binary. We tested the validity of maximum entropy reconstructions of starspots by numerical simulations. Our procedure successfully captures up to three large spot clusters migrating in longitude. We suggest a way to measure a lower limit for stellar differential rotation, using slopes of spot patterns in the reconstructed time-longitude diagram. We find solar-like differential rotation and recurrent spot activity with a long-term trend towards a dominant axisymmetric spot distribution during the period of observations.
Heliospheric Modulation of Cosmic Rays and Solar Activity during Solar Cycles 22-24
Authors: Singh Prithvi Raj , Tiwari C. M. , Saxena A. K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe have studied, the relationship between monthly variations of average counting rates of cosmic ray intensity (CRI) at Moscow super neutron monitoring station with mid cut-off rigidities (~2.42 GV), and the solar radio flux at 10.7cm (F10.7) and sunspot number (SSN) during the solar cycles 22 − 24. The F10.7cm (2800 MHz) and SSN is an excellent indicator of solar activity for the study period. We have investigated the patterns of long-term and mid-term periodicities of SSN and F10.7, using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique. We have observed the time-lag between ascending phase of CRI with F10.7cm and SSN during solar cycles 22 − 24.
Coronal mass ejections as a new indicator of the active Sun
Authors: Gopalswamy Nat 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCoronal mass ejections (CMEs) have become one of the key indicators of solar activity, especially in terms of the consequences of the transient events in the heliosphere. Although CMEs are closely related to the sunspot number (SSN), they are also related to other closed magnetic regions on the Sun such as quiescent filament regions. This makes CMEs a better indicator of solar activity. While sunspots mainly represent the toroidal component of solar magnetism, quiescent filaments (and hence CMEs associated with them) connect the toroidal and poloidal components via the rush-to-the-pole (RTTP) phenomenon. Taking the end of RTTP in each hemisphere as an indicator of solar polarity reversal, it is shown that the north-south reversal asymmetry has a quasi-periodicity of 3-5 solar cycles. Focusing on the geospace consequences of CMEs, it is shown that the maximum CME speeds averaged over Carrington rotation period show good correlation with geomagnetic activity indices such as Dst and aa.
Variations in Ca-K line profiles and Ca-K line features as a function of latitude and solar cycle during the 20th century
Authors: Singh Jagdev , Priyal M. , Sindhuja G. , Ravindra B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe analysis of the Ca-K line spectra as a function of latitude and integrated over the visible disk obtained during the period of 1989–2011 at the Kodaikanal Solar Tower Telescope shows that the FWHM of the K1 distribution at different latitudes varies by negligible amount at about 60° latitude whereas it varies significantly at other latitudes. Findings, especially the fewer variations in mid-latitude belts as compared to polar regions and complex variation in the shift in the activity around 60° latitude belt, will have important implications on the modeling of solar dynamos. Further, we have generated a uniform set of digitized Ca-K line images by selecting images considering the intensity distribution of the images corrected for the instrumental vignetting for the data obtained at Kodaikanal during the 20th century. Then, we have determined the percentage of plage and network areas by using the intensity and area threshold values.
Solar Activity Changes During Prolonged Sunspot Minima as Inferred from Indian Monsoon Rainfall Variations
Authors: Ambily S. , Haritha V. G. , Morais C. Sunil Kumar , Girish T. E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe could find a new 5 year periodicity in the occurrences of peaks in sunspot activity and inferred deviations of annual Indian monsoon rainfall variations from the normal during the Maunder minimum (MM) period. This result is explained in terms of solar dynamo functioning in a different mode from normal during the MM where quadrupole field (first harmonic, 5-5.5 years) dominate over dipole field (fundamental, 11 years) causing extreme north south asymmetry in sunspot activity.
Long term trends in solar photospheric fields and solar wind turbulence levels: Implications to the near-Earth space
Authors: Janardhan P. , Fujiki K. , Ingale M. , Bisoi S. K. , Ananthakrishnan S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe re-examined solar polar magnetic fields, using ground based synoptic photospheric magnetograms, during solar cycle 24. IThe signed polar magnetic fields showed an unusual hemispheric asymmetry in the polar field reversal process with a single unambigous reversal in the Southern hemisphere around late 2013 while the polar reversal in the Northern hemisphere started earlier around June 2012, but was completed only by the end of 2014. The examination of the unsigned polar magnetic fields in cycle 24 showed a continuing decline of fields in the Northern hemisphere whereas in the Southern hemisphere, it had partially recovered. However, the overall declining trend in solar polar fields, which began in the mid-1990’s, is still in progress. The continued decline seen in solar photospheric fields raises thequestion of whether we are heading towards a Grand or Maunder like solar minimum.
Geometric and magnetic properties of coronal flux ropes associated with CMEs leading to geomagnetic storms
Authors: Sarkar Ranadeep , Srivastava Nandita 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe have studied three Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) having clear signatures of magnetic cloud (MC) arrival at 1 AU and their associated solar sources during 2011 to 2013. Comparing the axial magnetic field strength (B0) of the near-Sun coronal flux-ropes with that of the MC at 1 AU, we have found that the average inferred value of B0 at 1 AU assuming the self-similar expansion of the flux-rope is two times smaller than the value of B0 obtained from the results of MC fitting. Furthermore, by comparing the initial orientation of the flux-rope near the Sun and its final orientation at 1 AU we have found that the three CMEs exhibited more than 80° rotation during its propagation through the interplanetary medium. Our study suggests that although the near-Sun magnetic properties of coronal flux-ropes can be used to infer the field strength of the associated MC at 1 AU, it is difficult to estimate the final orientation of the MC axis in order to predict the geo-effectiveness of the ICMEs.
Long-term variability of the solar cycle in the Babcock-Leighton dynamo framework
Authors: Karak Bidya Binay , Miesch Mark 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe explore the cause of the solar cycle variabilities using a novel 3D Babcock–Leighton dynamo model. In this model, based on the toroidal flux at the base of the convection zone, bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs) are produced with statistical properties obtained from observed distributions. We find that a little quenching in BMR tilt is sufficient to stabilize the dynamo growth. The randomness and nonlinearity in the BMR emergences make the poloidal field unequal and cause some variability in the solar cycle. However, when observed scatter of BMR tilts around Joy’s law with a standard deviation of 15°, is considered, our model produces a variation in the solar cycle, including north-south asymmetry comparable to the observations. The morphology of magnetic fields closely resembles observations, in particular the surface radial field possesses a more mixed polarity field. Observed scatter also produces grand minima. In 11,650 years of simulation, 17 grand minima are detected and 11% of its time the model remained in these grand minima. When we double the tilt scatter, the model produces correct statistics of grand minima. Importantly, the dynamo continues even during grand minima with only a few BMRs, without requiring any additional alpha effect. The reason for this is the downward magnetic pumping which suppresses the diffusion of the magnetic flux across the surface. The magnetic pumping also helps to achieve 11-year magnetic cycle using the observed BMR flux distribution, even at the high diffusivity.
Large-scale flows in the Sun: Characteristics and time variations
Authors: Basu Sarbani 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe study of solar rotation has a 150-year history. Early studies were restricted to looking at the movement of sunspots; much later came studies using other tracers such as supergranules, and spectroscopic measurements using Doppler shifts of spectral lines. These studies also found evidence of other large-scale flows, such as the meridional flows in the north-south direction and the zonal flows, or torsional oscillations, parallel to the equator. However, until the 1980s, the study of solar rotation and large-scale flows was restricted to what could be observed on the solar surface. The advent of good helioseismic data changed that and gave us the means to study flows in the solar interior. Instruments like GONG, MDI and HMI have now collected helioseismic data for two solar cycles and these also allow us to study the large scale flows and their variations with time and solar activity. We review what the long data sets tell us about the these flows and discuss some of the differences between solar cycles 23 and 24.
Evolution of structures with an open magnetic flux over a hundred years
Authors: Tlatov Andrey 
Published: November 2018

AbstractReconstruction of regions with an open configuration of magnetic force lines was carried out according to synoptic Hα maps over a period of more than 100 years. It is shown that the maximum area of open structures in the cycle of solar activity is reached in the descending phase, 1÷2 years before the onset of the minimum. The total area of open structures in the current cycle n has a high correlation (r ~ 0.8) with the amplitude of the next activity cycle n + 1. There is also a secular envelope with a maximum in the middle of the 20th century.
Multiple Solar Jets from NOAA AR 12644
Authors: Joshi Reetika , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe present here the observations of solar jets observed on April 04, 2017 from NOAA active region (AR) 12644 using high temporal and spatial resolution AIA instrument. We have observed around twelve recurring jets during the whole day. Magnetic flux emergence and cancellation have been observed at the jet location. The multi-band observations evidenced that these jets were triggered due to the magnetic reconnection at low coronal null–point.
Decades of Chinese Solar and Geophysical Data
Authors: Yan Yan , Du Zhan-Le , Wang Hua-Ning , He Han , Guo Juan , Huang Xin , Zhu Xiao-Shuai , Dai Xing-Hua , Lin Gang-Hua 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Chinese Solar and Geophysical Data (CSGD) was first issued at the Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the headquarter of the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences) in 1971, when China’s satellite-industry was booming. CSGD covers the observational data (observations of the sunspots, solar flares, solar radio bursts, ionospheric storm and geomagnetic storm) from a couple of domestic observatories and the forecast data. The compiler of CSGD still keeps the data exchange with other institutes worldwide. The type of the dataset includes texts, tables, figures and so on. Up to now, we have electronized all the historic archives, making them easily accessible to people who are interested in them.
Automated detection of Coronal Mass Ejections in Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) on-board ADITYA-L1
Authors: Patel Ritesh , Amareswari K. , Pant Vaibhav , Banerjee Dipankar , Sankarasubramanian K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn onboard automated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) detection algorithm has been developed for Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) onboard ADITYA-L1. The aim of this algorithm is to reduce the load on telemetry by sending the high spatial (~ 2.51 arcsec pixel−1) and temporal (1 s) resolution images of corona from 1.05 R⊙ to 3 R⊙, containing CMEs and rejecting others. It is based on intensity thresholding followed by an area thresholding in successive running difference images which are re-binned to lower resolution to improve signal to noise. Here we present the results of application of the algorithm on synthetic corona images generated for the VELC field of view (FOV).
Superposed Epoch Analysis of High Latitude Ionospheric Joule Heating during Major Geomagnetic Storms over three Solar Cycles
Authors: Suji K. J. , Prince P. R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSuperposed epoch analysis (SPEA) is commonly used to determine some basic structure in a collection of geophysical time series. The present study tries to analyze ionospheric Joule heating response at high latitudes, to the prevailing solar wind and IMF conditions on the basis of SPEA. Major geomagnetic storms (CME driven) over three consecutive solar cycles (SC 22, 23 and 24) have been selected. Ascending phase, solar maximum, and declining phase are investigated separately, for each solar cycle, to find out crucial controlling parameters for the generation of high-latitude ionospheric Joule heating. SPEA results show that, IMF parameters such as IMF By, IMF Bz, IMF clock angle and solar wind parameters such as dynamic pressure and proton density influence Joule heating production rate significantly. Meanwhile, the relentlessness of the other parameters such as IMFBt and solar wind bulk speed show that they have poor impact on Joule heating.
Study of Interplanetary and Geomagnetic Response of Filament Associated CMEs
Authors: Dave Kunjal , Mishra Wageesh , Srivastava Nandita , Jadhav R. M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIt has been established that Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) may have significant impact on terrestrial magnetic field and lead to space weather events. In the present study, we selected several CMEs which are associated with filament eruptions on the Sun. We attempt to identify the presence of filament material within ICME at 1AU. We discuss how different ICMEs associated with filaments lead to moderate or major geomagnetic activity on their arrival at the Earth. Our study also highlights the difficulties in identifying the filament material at 1AU within isolated and in interacting CMEs.
Two primitive trematopid amphibians (Temnospondyli, Dissorophoidea) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic
Authors: MILNER Andrew R. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTSpecimens of trematopid amphibians from the Asturian (Upper Carboniferous) of Nýřany, Czech Republic, are redescribed as two taxa, namelyMordex calliprepesSteen andMattauschia(gen. nov)laticepsFritsch.Mordex calliprepesis represented by a single post-metamorphic specimen and has the diagnostic trematopid characters of the nasal region.Mattauschia laticepsis represented by one adult partial skull and mandible plus some fragments and two small post-metamorphic specimens including the species name-bearer. It has the trematopid-type modified lacrimal and a large but oval naris and appears to be the most primitive trematopid yet described. The stratigraphically sequential large trematopidsMattauschia,Fedexia,EcolsoniaandAchelomashow progressive acquisition of the derived features that characterise the terminal formAcheloma.Mordexhas a combination of primitive and derived characters and its position within the family is less clear. The many ‘branchiosaurs' in the Nýřany assemblage include specimens that could be larvae of bothMordexandMattauschiabut certain attribution is not possible and they are assigned to Olsoniformesincertae sedis.MordexandMattauschiaappear to be terrestrial exotic elements in the Nýřany tetrapod assemblage, but with possible larvae in the lake assemblage. Representatives of at least four Palaeozoic dissorophoid families were present in late Middle Pennsylvanian/Asturian strata implying diversification of the Dissorophoidea prior to this time.
Validation of the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale in Mexican Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Sánchez de la Cruz Juan Pablo , Fresán Ana , González Moralez Diana Laura , López-Narváez María Lilia , Tovilla-Zarate Carlos Alfonso , Pool-García Sherezada , Juárez-Rojop Isela , Hernández-Díaz Yazmín , González-Castro Thelma Beatriz , Vera-Campos María de Lourdes , Velázquez-Sánchez Patricia 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS) is widely validated and used as a screening tool for bipolar disorder. However, there is no BSDS validated version for its use in Mexican population. The aim of the present study was to examine the BSDS diagnostic capacity, and to evaluate its criterion validity and internal consistency for its use in Mexican psychiatric patients. We recruited 200 patients who attended the psychiatric outpatient service of a Mental Health Specialized Hospital and were screened for bipolar disorder using BSDS. To determine the cut-off point, sensitivity and specificity, we used the SCID–I diagnosis as the gold standard in 100 participants with bipolar disorder and 100 with major depression. Internal consistency according to Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was .81. The area under ROC curve for the overall discriminability of BSDS against the criterion of SCID–I for bipolar disorder was .90. Finally, a cut-off value of 12 reached the most stable sensitivity and specificity, with predictive powers higher than .80. In conclusion, the properties of the scale including internal consistency, sensitivity and specificity, make of BSDS a valuable instrument for screening bipolar disorder in Mexican psychiatric population.
Black Medic (Medicago lupulina) Emergence and Emergence Predictors within Florida Strawberry Fields
Authors: Sharpe Shaun M. , Boyd Nathan S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBlack medic (Medicago lupulinaL.) infestations are a concern for Florida strawberry [Fragaria×ananassa(Weston) Duchense ex Rozier (pro sp.) [chiloensis×virginiana] producers. Current control techniques rely on hand weeding or clopyralid application. Coordinating POST control measures with emergence timing can reduce crop competition duration and increase control. The objective of this study was to evaluateM. lupulinaemergence in response to burial depth and temperature and to modelM. lupulinacumulative field emergence under subtropical Florida conditions using growing degree days (GDDs) as a predictor. Two studies were in controlled environments and looked at factors affecting emergence, burial depth, and temperature. A third experiment was a 2-yr emergence study conducted on four commercial strawberry fields in Hillsborough County, FL. Emergence was modeled as a function of accumulated standard and restricted daily GDD accounting, based onM. lupulinadormancy and germination. In Experiment 1,M. lupulinaonly emerged when seed was deposited on the surface. In Experiment 2, there was three-way interaction among temperature, burial depth, and measurement timing (P<0.0001).Medicago lupulinaemerged from as deep as 2 cm at a temperature range between 15 and 25 C.Medicago lupulinafield emergence was not consistent between years, although emergence was consistent across four sites in year 1, with 0 emergence in year 2. Dormancy and germination restrictions increased calibration and validation model fit and reduced GDD inflation, making models usable between years.Medicago lupulinaprimarily emerged during crop establishment, between mid-November and late-December, which corresponds to an ideal timing for control measures before the harvest period.
Language Heightens the Political Salience of Ethnic Divisions
Authors: Pérez Efrén O. , Tavits Margit 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWhat makes people take ethnic divisions into account when judging politics? We consider here the possible effect of language. We hypothesize that speaking a minority tongue primes ethnic divisions, leading people to interpret politics more heavily through this prism. In two survey experiments with bilingual adults, we demonstrate that subjects assigned to interview in a minority language are indeed more likely to evaluate politics based on ethnic considerations: they rank ethnic relations as a more important political issue and they are more likely to correctly identify the anti-minority party in their political system. These results suggest that people may think about politics differently depending on the language they use.
Energetics of the Southern Ocean Mode
Authors: Jüling A. , Viebahn J. P. , Drijfhout S. S. , Dijkstra H. A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, multidecadal variability in the Southern Ocean has been found in a strongly eddying global ocean circulation model. In this paper, we study the Lorenz energy cycle of this so‐called Southern Ocean Mode (SOM). The Lorenz energy cycle analysis provides details on the energy pathways associated with the SOM. It shows that ocean eddies and the baroclinic energy pathway together with variations in the kinetic energy input by the wind are crucial aspects of the variability. It is also shown how convective mixing, which is induced by the SOM in particular in the Weddell Gyre, is responsible for the large‐scale multidecadal variability in Antarctic Bottom Water and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Molecular diagnostics in medical mycology
Authors: Wickes Brian L. , Wiederhold Nathan P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDiagnosing fungal infections poses a number of unique problems, including a decline in expertise needed for identifying fungi, and a reduced number of instruments and assays specific for fungal identification compared to that of bacteria and viruses.These problems are exacerbated by the fact that patients with fungal infections are often immunosuppressed, which predisposes to infections from both commonly and rarely seen fungi. In this review, we discuss current and future molecular technologies used for fungal identification, and some of the problems associated with development and implementation of these technologies in today’s clinical microbiology laboratories.