bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease by comparative transcriptome analysis and WGCNA highlights the role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells
Authors: Zhang Fa-Li , Li Ai-Ying , Niu Yi-Lin , Zhang Kai , Zhao Ming-Hui , Huang Jiao-Jiao , Shen Wei 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by the death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. A large number of studies have focused on dopamine neurons themselves, but so far, the pathogenesis of PD has not been fully elucidated.ResultsHere, we explored the significance of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs)/oligodendrocytes in the pathogenesis of PD using a bioinformatic approach. WGCNA analysis suggested that abnormal development of oligodendrocytes may play a key role in early PD. To verify the transcriptional dynamics of OPCs/oligodendrocytes, we performed differential analysis, cell trajectory construction, cell communication analysis and hdWGCNA analysis using single-cell data from PD patients. Interestingly, the results indicated that there was overlap between hub genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OPCs not in oligodendrocytes, suggesting that OPCs may be more sensitive to PD drivers. Then, we used ROC binary analysis model to identify five potential biomarkers, including AGPAT4, DNM3, PPP1R12B, PPP2R2B, and LINC00486.ConclusionIn conclusion, our work highlights the potential role of OPCs in driving PD.
Dyslipidemia patterns and associated factors in Wilson’s disease patients: a clinical analysis
Authors: Wu Rong , Luo Xingguang , Wang Xiao-Ping 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the lipid metabolism patterns and identify risk factors for dyslipidemia in Wilson’s Disease (WD), offering novel insights into diagnosis and treatment strategies for unexplained dyslipidemia.MethodsData from Wilson’s disease patients hospitalized at the First People’s Hospital of Shanghai from December 2008 to February 2015 were collected. Patients were categorized into normal lipid (46 cases) and dyslipidemia (42 cases) groups based on lipid levels. Group analyzes were conducted using t-tests, chi-square analysis, and rank sum tests. Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression, or Logistic regression were employed to identify relevant influencing factors.Results1. The incidence of abnormal blood lipids in a series of Wilson’s disease patients was 47.73% (25.12 ± 1.29 years old), and the incidence of control healthy group was 27.40%, with proportions of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol being 14.77, 30.68, and 29.63%, respectively; 2. Significant differences were observed between the dyslipidemia and normal WD groups in AST/ALT ratio, liver parenchymal echo, liver surface, spleen area, and ultrasound total score.3. Low-and high-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-c and HDL-c) showed no significant correlation with these indicators. Triglyceride (TG) exhibited moderately negative correlation with AST/ALT, liver parenchymal echo, spleen area, and ultrasound score. Total cholesterol (TC) displayed low negative correlation with these factors.Conclusion1. Dyslipidemia incidence in Wilson’s disease patients may exceed that of the normal population, especially in adolescents with unexplained abnormal lipid metabolism; 2. Patients with mild to moderate liver damage are predisposed to elevated triglycerides and total cholesterol, reflecting liver damage impact on lipid metabolism; 3. Glucose metabolism is not implicated in WD-related dyslipidemia; 4. No significant correlation was found between abnormal lipid metabolism and blood concentration of trace elements in WD patients.
Polymorphic low-grade neuroepithelial tumors of the young: disease characteristics and treatment decisions from the epilepsy surgery perspective
Authors: He Guilu , Tan Hongping , Li Shaochun , Zhang Limin , Li Qiao , Li Hainan , Guo Yanwu , Guo Qiang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe Polymorphic Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young (PLNTY) is a rare, epilepsy-associated brain tumor that has been increasingly recognized but is not well understood due to the scarcity of clinical reports. Our study reviews the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of 14 patients with PLNTY to enhance the understanding of this condition from an epilepsy surgery perspective.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 14 PLNTY cases at our hospital. A literature review on prior studies was also conducted.ResultsOur study included 8 males and 6 females, all presenting with epilepsy. Despite anti-seizure medication, 92.3% of patients continued to have seizures, with 58.3% diagnosed as having drug-resistant epilepsy. Neuroimaging revealed that 64.3% of the lesions were in the temporal lobe, with 75.0% showing calcification on CT, 71.4% exhibiting mixed signals on T2-weighted images, and 92.7% showing tumor enhancement. The transmantle sign was noted in 57.1% of T2 FLAIR sequences. EEGs indicated abnormal activity in 69.2% of patients, with 30.7% showing bilateral discharges. SEEG in two patients confirmed the tumor’s epileptogenicity. A 78.6% total resection rate was achieved, with a 90.0% postoperative seizure-free rate and an 85.7% excellent Engel grade 1 rate. No instances co-occurring with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) were observed.ConclusionPLNTY is characterized by unique neuroimaging features and a strong association with epilepsy. SEEG is pivotal for cases with unclear lateralization, aiding in identifying the link between the tumor and seizures. Following established epilepsy surgery protocols for brain tumor management, early intervention and extended resection can improve the rate of postoperative seizure freedom.
The significance of postbypass blood flow model in side to side bypass for moyamoya disease in predicting postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome
Authors: Wan Guiping , Hu Miao , Yu Jin , Xin Can , Tao Tianshu , Quan Wei , Chen Jincao , Zhang Jianjian 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveWe previously developed the use of side to side (s-s) bypass for the treatment of adult moyamoya disease (MMD) and discovered several kinds of distinct blood flow models intraoperatively, which we observed through indocyanine green-video angiography (ICG-VA). The purpose of this paper was to investigate the correlation between blood flow model (BFM) identified in s-s bypass and the incidence of postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) among patients with MMD.MethodsWe analyzed 166 hemispheres from 153 patients diagnosed with MMD, including 118 hemispheres with s-s bypass and 48 with end to side (e-s) bypass. We categorized the enrolled patients into three pairs of comparison groups based on postoperative CHS (CHS or non-CHS) in s-s bypass, blood flow models (BFM I or BFM II) and surgical approach (s-s bypass or e-s bypass). Patients’ demographics and characteristics were compared between groups.ResultsAmong patients who developed CHS, the occurrence of BFM I was more frequent than that of BFM II (0.154 vs. 0.019, p = 0.029 &lt; 0.05) and no significant differences were noted in the remaining data. In the group of blood flow models, the proportion of patients with a history of cerebral hemorrhage was higher in BFM II compared to BFM I (0.062 vs. 0.226, p = 0.009 &lt; 0.05), and the incidence of severity of ischemia was found to be higher in BFM I than in BFM II (0.774 vs. 0.429, p = 0.011 &lt; 0.05), while the postoperative modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score and the Matsushima grade displayed no obvious difference. In comparison with the occurrence of CHS in e-s bypass group (7/48, 0.146), s-s bypass group had no difference (11/118, 0.093; p = 0.323 &gt; 0.05), BFM I group showed no discrepancy (10/65, 0.154, p = 0.906 &gt; 0.05) while BFM II group was different (1/53, 0.019, p = 0.047 &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe proportion of postoperative CHS occurring in BFM II during s-s bypass was lower than that in e-s bypass and BFM I. The postbypass blood flow model in s-s bypass may serve as a novel predictor for postoperative CHS.
Validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in East Asian patients with gastric cancer: a comprehensive narrative review
Authors: Wang Jian , Liu Bingyue , Chen Jianxin 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMalnutrition is a significant public health issue for patients with gastric cancer, particularly in East Asia, the region most affected globally. In response to the absence of adequate tools for assessing nutritional status, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were established in 2018, aiming to standardize the diagnosis of malnutrition. However, there is no consensus on the value of GLIM criteria for evaluating the nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer in East Asia. Given these facts, our study aimed to assess the validity of the GLIM criteria in East Asian patients with gastric cancer.MethodsWe conducted a rapid critical review of available literature, summarizing the existing problems in GLIM applications and possible improvement directions. After systematically summarizing the literature published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, a total of 13 articles involving 7,679 cases were included in this study.ResultsThe results indicated a lack of sufficient data on sensitivity and specificity to fully validate the GLIM criteria for diagnosing malnutrition in East Asian patients with gastric cancer. Additionally, some studies have reported moderate agreement between the GLIM and the PG-SGA. Furthermore, malnutrition defined by GLIM is a risk factor for short and long-term outcomes in East Asian patients with gastric cancer. However, the prognostic effect of moderate malnutrition on these patients remains controversial.ConclusionDespite being in the early application stages, GLIM has shown promising potential in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of malnutrition. However, future research should incorporate more comprehensive validity parameters, including sensitivity, specificity, and PPV/NPV, to achieve a more thorough understanding of GLIM’s diagnostic efficacy. Furthermore, further optimization of GLIM is necessary to address the needs of more diverse populations and situations.
Serum creatinine- and cystatin C-based indices are associated with the risk of subsequent sarcopenia: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Ning Xin , Xie Chao , Kong Yaozhong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundSerum creatinine (Cr)- and cystatin C (CysC)-based indices have been suggested as alternative markers for sarcopenia, but their predictive value for sarcopenia risk is uncertain, which was investigated in the present study in the Chinese population with the middle and older ages.MethodsData from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were collected in the 2011 and 2015 waves. All participants were free of sarcopenia at the baseline. Sarcopenia was diagnosed when low muscle mass and grip strength or low physical performance were present. Four indices were computed: predictive skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI), total-body muscle mass (TBMM), creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR), and sarcopenia index (SI). Restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models were used to assess the effects of these indices on sarcopenia risk.ResultsAmong 4,527 participants without sarcopenia at the baseline (2011), the median age was 58 year-old (IQR: 52–65), with 52.7% women. Followed up in year 2015, the incidence of sarcopenia was 20.8 per 1,000 person-years (376/4,527). Neither CCR nor SI showed linear or non-linear associations with the risk of subsequent sarcopenia. However, a decrease in pSMI and TBMM was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia [adjusted per-SD decrease OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 2.09–4.13, p &lt; 0.001; adjusted per-SD decrease OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.80–3.16, p &lt; 0.001, respectively].ConclusionIn the middle and older age of Chinese population, decreased pSMI and TBMM were associated with an increased risk of subsequent sarcopenia, whereas CCR and SI showed no such correlation. Thus, pSMI and TBMM may serve as potential biological indicators for predicting the risk of sarcopenia, and decreased pSMI and TBMM may be the early biomarkers for diagnosis and intervention of sarcopenia.
The global burden of colorectal cancer attributable to high body-mass index in 204 countries and territories: findings from 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2035
Authors: Jin Xiaoqian , Dong Danfeng , Xu Zixuan , Sun Mingming 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe association between high body-mass index (BMI) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been confirmed and gained attention. However, a detailed understanding of the disease burden of high BMI and CRC remains lacking.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the temporal and geographical trends of CRC deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by high BMI globally from 1990 to 2021, providing effective guidance for developing prevention and treatment strategies.MethodsWe used data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study to assess the global, regional, and national Deaths, DALYs, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) caused by CRC related to high BMI, and further calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). We also considered factors such as gender, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). We explore the relationship between EAPC and ASMR/ASDR (1990) and between EAPC and SDI (2021). Further, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to predict the disease burden from 2022 to 2035. The risk factors were calculated by Population Attributable Fraction (PAF).ResultsIn 2021, CRC caused by high BMI resulted in 99,268 deaths (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 42,956–157,949) and 2,364,664 DALYs (95% UI: 1,021,594–3,752,340) globally, with ASMR and ASDR being 1.17 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 0.51–1.87) and 27.33 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 11.8–43.37), respectively. The disease burden was higher in males and the elderly, with significant differences between regions and sociodemographic groups. From 1990 to 2021, the ASMR for CRC associated with high BMI revealed little change globally, while the ASDR revealed an upward trend. The burden of CRC caused by high BMI has shifted from high SDI regions to low and low-middle SDI regions. Additionally, from 2022 to 2035, ASMR and ASDR are expected to increase in males, while ASMR and ASDR in females are expected to remain relatively stable.ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2021, the number of deaths and DALYs related to high BMI-associated CRC globally, as well as ASMR and ASDR, continue to rise. We predict that ASMR and ASDR may further increase by 2035, making it crucial to take timely and targeted interventions.
Ponatinib vs. asciminib in post–second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: a matching-adjusted indirect comparison
Authors: Garcia-Gutierrez Valentin , Huang Fei , Ashaye Ajibade , Dalal Mehul , Laliman-Khara Victor , Breccia Massimo , Rutherford Megan , Moradian Hoora , Patos Petros , Jabbour Elias Joseph 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPonatinib and asciminib are approved for third-line therapy in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) and are the only drugs approved for patients with the T315I mutation in the United States. In Europe, only ponatinib is approved for patients with the T315I mutation.MethodsClinical trials evaluating ponatinib or asciminib in patients with relapsed and refractory (R/R) CP-CML who failed one or more second-generation TKIs or had the T315I mutation were identified in a systematic review of medical literature databases. A matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) analysis with individual patient-level data with ponatinib was used to balance baseline characteristics between ponatinib and asciminib groups. After matching, the response rate was calculated using the MAIC weight for each patient and the difference in response rate was calculated using a two-independent proportion Z-test. Cumulative rates of BCR::ABL1IS ≤1% and major molecular response (MMR) in patients without baseline response were compared. Patients were further stratified by T315I mutation status.ResultsThe MAIC included four trials (ponatinib: NCT02467270, NCT01207440; asciminib: NCT02081378, NCT03106779). In patients without baseline response of BCR::ABL1IS ≤1%, the adjusted BCR::ABL1IS ≤1% rate difference with ponatinib vs. asciminib was 9.33% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79%–17.86%; adjusted MMR rate difference: 6.84% [95% CI: −0.95%–14.62%]) by 12 months in favor of ponatinib. In patients with the T315I mutation, adjusted BCR::ABL1IS ≤1% rate difference with ponatinib vs. asciminib was 43.54% (95% CI: 22.20%–64.87%; adjusted MMR rate difference: 47.37% [95% CI: 28.72%–66.02%]) by 12 months.ConclusionAfter key baseline characteristics adjustment, cumulative BCR::ABL1IS ≤1% and MMR rates were statistically higher with ponatinib than asciminib in patients without a baseline response in most of the comparisons by 12 months. Favorable efficacy outcomes observed in ponatinib vs. asciminib were consistently stronger in the T315I mutation subgroup.
A clinical–radiomics nomogram based on multisequence MRI for predicting the outcome of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Chen Liucheng , Wang Zhiyuan , Meng Ying , Zhao Cancan , Wang Xuelian , Zhang Yan , Zhou Muye 
Published: November 2024

ProblemNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant tumor with high heterogeneity and is mainly treated with chemoradiotherapy. It is important to predict the outcome of patients with advanced NPC after chemoradiotherapy to devise customized treatment strategies. Traditional MRI methods have limited predictive power, and better predictive models are needed.AimTo evaluate the predictive value of a clinical–radiomics nomogram based on multisequence MRI in predicting the outcome of advanced NPC patients receiving chemoradiotherapy.MethodsThis prospective study included a retrospective analysis of 118 patients with advanced NPC who underwent MRI prior to chemoradiotherapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The maximum ROIs of lesions at the same level were determined via axial T2-weighted imaging short-time inversion recovery (T2WI-STIR), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with solid tumor components, and the radiomic features were extracted. After feature selection, the radiomics score was calculated, and a nomogram was constructed combining the radiomics score with the clinical features. The diagnostic efficacy of the model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the clinical application value of the nomogram was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA) and a correction curve. Patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group, and the median risk score calculated by the joint prediction model was used as the cutoff value. Kaplan−Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to compare the differences in survival curves between the two groups.ResultsThe AUCs of the nomogram model constructed by the combination of the radiomics score and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and T stage in the training group and validation group were 0.897 (95% CI: 0.825–0.968) and 0.801 (95% CI: 0.673–0.929), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the model effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups, with significant differences in prognosis.ConclusionThis clinical–radiomics nomogram based on multisequence MRI offers a noninvasive, effective tool for predicting the outcome of advanced NPC patients receiving chemoradiotherapy, promoting individualized treatment approaches.
Metabolic pathways, genomic alterations, and post-translational modifications in pulmonary hypertension and cancer as therapeutic targets and biomarkers
Authors: Zhang Xiujin , Fu Zhiqing , Wang Haijun , Sheng Li 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) can lead to right ventricular hypertrophy, significantly increasing mortality rates. This study aims to clarify PH-specific metabolites and their impact on genomic and post-translational modifications (PTMs) in cancer, evaluating DHA and EPA’s therapeutic potential to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation.MethodsData from 289,365 individuals were analyzed using Mendelian randomization to examine 1,400 metabolites’ causal roles in PH. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of DHA and EPA were tested in RAW 264.7 macrophages and cancer cell lines (A549, HCT116, HepG2, LNCaP). Genomic features like CNVs, DNA methylation, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and PTMs were analyzed. DHA and EPA’s effects on ROS production and cancer cell proliferation were assessed.ResultsWe identified 57 metabolites associated with PH risk and examined key tumor-related pathways through promoter methylation analysis. DHA and EPA significantly reduced ROS levels and inflammatory markers in macrophages, inhibited the proliferation of various cancer cell lines, and decreased nuclear translocation of SUMOylated proteins during oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These findings suggest a potential anticancer role through the modulation of stress-related nuclear signaling, as well as a regulatory function on cellular PTMs.ConclusionThis study elucidates metabolic and PTM changes in PH and cancer, indicating DHA and EPA’s role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings support targeting these pathways for early biomarkers and therapies, potentially improving disease management and patient outcomes.
How does dispositional mindfulness foster prosocial behavior? A cross-cultural study of empathy’s mediating role and cultural moderation
Authors: Li Sisi , Zhong Nailiang , Guo Qingke 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDespite growing recognition of dispositional mindfulness (DM) in psychological research, its cross-cultural mechanisms in promoting prosocial behavior remain unclear, particularly regarding the mediating role of different empathy dimensions.PurposeThis study investigated how DM influences prosocial behavior across cultural contexts, examining both the mediating effects of different empathy dimensions and the moderating role of cultural background in Chinese and Indonesian samples.MethodsParticipants included 683 university students (357 Chinese, 326 Indonesian) who completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Self-Report Altruism Scale Distinguished by the Recipient (SRAS-DR). Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted using PROCESS macro.ResultsChinese participants demonstrated higher DM levels than Indonesian participants. In the Chinese sample, both perspective taking (PT) and empathic concern (EC) mediated DM’s effects on prosocial behavior toward family (PBF), friends (PBFr), and strangers (PBS). However, in the Indonesian sample, PT and EC only mediated effects on PBFr. Cultural background significantly moderated DM’s indirect effect on PBS through PT, with stronger effects in the Chinese sample. Fantasy and personal distress showed no significant mediating effects in either cultural context.ConclusionThis study reveals that DM enhances prosocial behavior through selective influence on different empathy dimensions, with cultural background moderating specific pathways. These findings extend our understanding of mindfulness’s cross-cultural mechanisms and provide practical implications for culturally-adapted mindfulness interventions.