bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocatalytic solutions to cyclomethicones problem in cosmetics
Authors: Montiel María Claudia , Máximo Fuensanta , Serrano‐Arnaldos Mar , Ortega‐Requena Salvadora , Murcia María Dolores , Bastida Josefa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSilicones are polymers that have properties of great interest for cosmetic and personal care industry, especially D4 (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) and D5 (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane), generically named cyclomethicones. However, different studies show the hypothesis that the use of these products is harmful and, therefore, several countries have adopted legislative actions to limit their use in personal care and cosmetic products. Faced with this new situation, different cosmetic companies began to look for different alternatives to cyclomethicones, mainly: organomodified silicones or esters. The former are based on the addition of functional groups to the main chain of silicon and oxygen. The latter represent a totally different line, since their functional group is the ester, but they have properties similar to silicones. Esters, especially branched‐chain ones are currently the more promising alternative to replace cyclomethicones in cosmetic formulations. Nowadays, most of them are obtained by chemical reactions that require high temperatures and non‐selective /contaminant catalysts that lead to low‐quality final products. As an alternative, biocatalytic synthesis occurs always at mild operation conditions supplying ultra‐pure, odor, and colorless products with less wastes and side reactions. Therefore, biocatalysis is a valid and environmentally sustainable option for the synthesis of silicone‐substitute esters used in cosmetic formulations.
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Can Be Transformed by Anaerobic Microbiomes in the Environment and in Waste-Treatment Processes
Authors: Wolfson Sarah J. , Porter Abigail W. , Villani Thomas S. , Simon James E. , Young Lily Y. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging environmental contaminants that can be transformed by anaerobic microorganisms in anoxic environments. The present study examined 2 consortia, enriched under methanogenic and sulfate-rich conditions, that demethylate the phenylmethyl ether anti-inflammatory drug naproxen to 6-O-desmethylnaproxen. Both enriched consortia were also able to demethylate a range of phenylmethyl ether compounds of plant-based origin or used as PPCPs. Results from 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the 2 communities were very different despite sharing the same PPCP metabolism. In most cases, the demethylated metabolite was not further degraded but rather accumulated in the culture medium. For the expectorant guaifenesin, this resulted in a novel microbial metabolite. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first report of methylparaben metabolism under methanogenic conditions. The wide range of phenylmethyl ether substrates that underwent O-demethylation in both methanogenic and sulfate-rich conditions suggests that there are potentially bioactive transformation products in the environment that have not yet been quantified. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1585–1593. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
Natural and manmade chemicals that contain a phenylmethyl ether moiety can be demethylated by anaerobic consortia.
Land Use Contributions to Adverse Biological Effects in a Complex Agricultural and Urban Watershed: A Case Study of the Maumee River
Authors: Cipoletti Nicholas , Jorgenson Zachary G. , Banda Jo A. , Hummel Stephanie L. , Kohno Satomi , Schoenfuss Heiko L. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Agricultural and urban contaminants are an environmental concern because runoff may contaminate aquatic ecosystems, resulting in stress for exposed fish. The objective of the present controlled, field-based study was to assess the impacts of high-intensity agriculture and urban land use on multiple life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), using the Maumee River (Toledo, OH, USA) as a case study. Laboratory cultured adult and larval fathead minnows were exposed for 21 d, and embryos were exposed until hatching to site-specific water along the lower reach of the Maumee River. Adult minnows were analyzed for reproduction and alterations to hematologic characteristics (vitellogenin, glucose, estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone). Water and fish tissue samples were analyzed for a suite of multiresidue pesticides, hormones, and pharmaceuticals. Contaminants were detected in every water and tissue sample, with 6 pesticides and 8 pharmaceuticals detected in at least 82% of water samples and at least half of tissue samples. Effects differed by exposed life stage and year of exposure. Fecundity was the most sensitive endpoint measured and was altered by water from multiple sites in both years. Physiological parameters associated with fecundity, such as plasma vitellogenin and steroid hormone concentrations, were seldom impacted. Larval fathead minnows appeared to be unaffected. Embryonic morphological development was delayed in embryos exposed to site waters collected in 2016 but not in 2017. A distinction between agricultural and urban influences in the Maumee River was not realized due to the great overlap in contaminant presence and biological effects. Differences in precipitation patterns between study years likely contributed to the observed biological differences and highlight the need for environmental exposure studies to assess the environmental risk of contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1-17. © 2019 SETAC
The Mystery and Value of Place Names: Can History Help Us Get to the Bottom of Sturgeon Pool?
Authors: Webb Tess , Meyer Andrew 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Efforts are being made throughout the world to reconnect fish habitat by removing dams and other stream barriers. Many such opportunities exist for habitat reconnection along the tributaries of the Hudson River Estuary, in New York. The migratory fish runs are much diminished in the Hudson when compared to historical accounts of eyewitnesses, and several species, including sturgeon, could potentially benefit from restoring their historic habitat by removing human-made in-stream barriers. We use historical research and toponymy, the study of place names and their origins, to investigate whether an area referred to as “Sturgeon Pool” on a tributary to the Hudson River might be correctly named as historic habitat of Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum. Sturgeon Pool is currently inaccessible to sturgeon and most other migratory fish because of the Eddyville Dam, and our research corroborates the view that sturgeon historically used this habitat.
Germline large deletion of BAP1 and decreased expression in non‐tumor choroid in uveal melanoma patients with high risk for inherited cancer
Authors: Boru Getachew , Grosel Timothy W. , Pilarski Robert , Stautberg Meredith , Massengill James B. , Jeter Joanne , Singh Arun , Marino Meghan J. , McElroy Joseph P. , Davidorf Frederick H. , Cebulla Colleen M. , Abdel‐Rahman Mohamed H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common phenotype in patients with germline BAP1 mutation. This study aimed to identify selection criteria for BAP1 germline testing and assessed the role of large deletion/duplication and epigenetic inactivation. One hundred seventy‐two UM patients with high risk of hereditary cancer were included. Germline variants in BAP1 were assessed by direct sequencing and large deletion/duplication by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. BAP1 expression in unaffected choroid tissue from a patient with UM was assessed by quantitative RT‐PCR and methylation by pyrosequencing. Twenty‐eight patients had one or more germline sequence variants in BAP1; seven of these were pathogenic. One hundred forty patients were assessed for large deletion/duplication and in one BAP1 whole gene deletion was detected. In total, eight patients (4.7%) had pathogenic alterations in BAP1 with the highest frequencies of in patients with a personal/family history of ≥2 BAP1‐related cancers 6/16 (38%), age of onset <35 years 4/21 (19%) and familial UM 6/34 (18%). One of 19 non‐tumor choroid tissues tested showed uncharacteristically low expression as compared to the controls decrease in BAP1 RNA expression but no evidence of constitutional promotor hypermethylation was detected. UM patients with a strong personal or family history of cancers associated with BAP1, early age of onset and familial UM should be assessed for germline variants in BAP1, including large deletions.
Near infrared and hyperspectral studies of archaeological stratigraphy and statistical considerations
Authors: Linderholm Johan , Geladi Paul , Gorretta Nathalie , Bendoula Ryad , Gobrecht Alexia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe paper proposes a methodology based on near‐infrared (NIR) spectrometry for studying stratigraphy and depth profiles in archaeological excavations. The NIR spectra can be used to describe and complement the wet chemical analysis. Soil samples were collected from a 0.8 m deep stratigraphy of a Neolithic site that were analyzed by three different NIR instrumentations. Phosphate‐ and magnetic susceptibility and inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurements were also conducted as reference analysis.Principal component analysis on the data from three different NIR instrumentations gave useful score plots that allowed grouping of the samples. The results from the lab spectrometer were most useful, although the hyperspectral NIR camera was the fastest method to obtain spectra of many samples from one image. The paper shows how the NIR spectral data can be used for multivariate analysis to get meaningful conclusions on archaeological soils and sediments, especially in terms of understanding site development/phases and soil formation.
Carbonation curing of industrial solid waste‐based aerated concretes
Authors: Guo Ruonan , Chen Qiyang , Huang Hao , Hu Xutao , Wang Tao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMineral carbonation for concrete curing is a promising route to large‐scale CO2 sequestration and the economic production of building materials. In this work, the carbonation curing of a kind of lightweight concrete, aerated concrete, was comprehensively studied. Three typical industrial wastes – fly ash, blast furnace slag, and red mud – were employed to replace part of the cement and to reduce the carbon footprint of products. The effects of carbonation curing time, pressure, and water‐to‐solids ratio on the CO2 uptake and compressive strength were investigated. Aerated concrete with red mud showed the highest CO2 uptake capacity, followed by concrete with fly ash, and concrete with blast furnace slag. The main crystalline carbonation products, needle‐like calcite and rod‐like aragonite, were observed to be embedded in the surface of fly ash and blast‐furnace‐slag‐based specimens. The orderly structures of carbonated crystals, as well as the reduction of mesoscale porosity (< 50 nm), resulted in an enhancement of mechanical properties. For red‐mud‐based specimens, calcite crystals with the appearance of grains (smaller than 1μm) were formed due to deeper carbonation. The rapid growth of calcite grains may lead to cracks from inside red‐mud‐based specimens and cause a negative effect on mechanical properties. In terms of mechanical performance, the blast furnace slag specimens, after carbonation curing, exhibited the largest compressive strength of 7.3 MPa, which was over 197% higher than that of natural curing for the same duration. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extreme value analysis of high‐frequency cryptocurrencies
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Chan Stephen , Nadarajah Saralees 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsing extreme value analysis, we investigate the tail risk behavior of the high‐frequency (hourly) log returns of four most popular cryptocurrencies. The analysis is conducted on high‐frequency returns data, estimating value at risk and expected shortfall with varying thresholds. We find that Ripple is the most risky cryptocurrency exhibiting the largest potential gain or loss for both positive and negative (hourly) log returns at every percentile and threshold. Bitcoin is the least risky cryptocurrency.
A classification approach to reconstruct local daily drying dynamics at headwater streams
Authors: Beaufort Aurélien , Carreau Julie , Sauquet Eric 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHeadwater streams (HSs) are generally naturally prone to flow intermittence. These intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams have recently seen a marked increase in interest, especially to assess the impact of drying on aquatic ecosystems. The two objectives of this work are (a) to identify the main drivers of flow intermittence dynamics in HS and (b) to reconstruct local daily drying dynamics. Discrete flow states—“flowing” versus “drying”—are modelled as functions of covariates that include information on climate, hydrology, groundwater, and basin descriptors. Three classifiers to estimate flow states using covariates are tested on four contrasted regions in France: (a) a linear classifier with regularization (LASSO for least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and two non‐linear non‐parametric classifiers, (b) a one‐hidden‐layer feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) classifier, and (c) a random forest (RF) classifier. The three classifiers are compared with a benchmark classifier (BC) that simply estimates dominant flow state for each month based on observations (without using covariates). The performance assessment over the period 2012–2016 carried out by cross‐validation shows that the three classifiers for flow state based on covariates outperformed the BC. This demonstrates the predictive power of the covariates. ANN is the classifier that globally achieves the best performance to predict the daily drying dynamics whereas both RF and LASSO tend to underestimate the proportion of drying states. The covariates are ranked in terms of relevance for each classifier. The monthly proportion of drying states provided by the discrete observation network has a major importance for the three classifiers ANN, LASSO, and RF. This may reflect the proclivity of a site to flow intermittence. ANN gives higher importance to climatic and hydrological covariates and its non‐linearity allows a greater degree of freedom.
Modulating cancer cell mechanics and actin cytoskeleton structure by chemical and mechanical stimulations
Authors: Azadi Shohreh , Tafazzoli‐Shadpour Mohammad , Soleimani Masoud , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo date, a myriad of strategies has been suggested for targeting the chemical signaling of cancer cells. Also, biomechanical features are gaining much more attention. These features can be used as biomarkers which influence cancer progression. Current approaches on cancer treatment are mainly focused on changing the biochemical signaling of cancer cells, whereas less attention was devoted to their biomechanical properties. Herein, we propose targeting of cancer cell mechanics through the microenvironmental mechanical and chemical cues. As such, we examined the role of substrate stiffness as well as the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blockade in the cell mechanics. As a mechanical stimulus, stiff and soft polydimethylsiloxane substrates were utilized, while as a chemical stimulus, EGFR blockade was considered. Thus, breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231, were cultured among chemical and mechanical groups. The local elasticity of cancer cells was assessed by atomic force microscopy nanoindentation method. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of mentioned mechanical and chemical treatments on the morphology, actin cytoskeleton structures, and cancer cell migration abilities. The stiffness and migration ability of cancer cells increased by substrate stiffening while Cetuximab treatment demonstrated an elevation in the elastic modulus of cells followed by a reduction in the migration ability. These findings indicate that cancer cell mechanics is modulated not only by the mechanical cues but also by the chemical ones through EGFR signaling pathway. Overall, our results illustrate that manipulation of cell mechanics allows for the possible modulation of tumor cell migration. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1569–1581, 2019.
Differential inflammatory landscape stimulus during titanium surfaces obtained osteogenic phenotype
Authors: da S. Feltran Georgia , Bezerra Fábio , da Costa Fernandes Célio Júnior , Ferreira Marcel Rodrigues , Zambuzzi Willian F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMolecular mechanism governing inflammatory scenario in response to titanium (Ti)‐nanotexturing surfaces needs to be better addressed. Thus, we subjected pre‐osteoblast to different Ti‐texturing surfaces, as follows: machined (Mac), double acid‐etching (DAE), and nanoscaled hydroxyapatite‐blasted titanium surface (nHA), considering the cells chronically responding either directly (when the cells were cultured onto the surfaces) or indirectly (when the cells were challenged with the conditioned medium by the surfaces), up to 10 days. Our results showed that there is a dynamic requirement of inflammatory‐related genes activation in response to nHA by up expressing IL1ß, IL6, IL10, and IL33 (direct condition) and IL6, IL10, IL18 (indirect condition). Importantly, our data show that there is inflammasome involvement, once NLRP3, ASC1, and CASP1 genes were also required. As we found a strong signal of IL10, an anti‐inflammatory cytokine, we further investigated Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling cascade. Surprisingly, Shh ligand and Smoothened (Smo) genes were up‐modulated in response to nHA, while Patched (Ptc) was down‐modulated. Finally, an interactome was built using bioinformatics reinforcing Shh signaling cascade on modulating IL10 transcripts by Src mediating this process and this prevalence of anti‐inflammatory picture might explain the low profile of RANKL transcripts in response to nHA, compromising the osteoclastogenesis surrounding the implants. Taking our results into account, our data show that the inflammatory landscape promoted by nHA is strictly modulated by Shh signaling promoted anti‐inflammatory pathways. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1597–1604, 2019.
The Fracture Callus Is Formed by Progenitors of Different Skeletal Origins in a Site‐Specific Manner
Authors: Wang Yongmei , Chen Ling , Kang Misun , Ling Lin , Tian Faming , Won‐Kim Sun Hee , Ho Sunita , Bikle Daniel D. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWe evaluated repair following a mid‐diaphyseal fracture of the tibia in 3‐month‐old mice. We observed differences in the repair process at three different sites of the callus. Site 1: bone developing from the outer layer of the periosteum of the cortex; site 2: bone developing within the bridge/central region of the fracture; and site 3: bone developing within the marrow of the ends of broken bones. We characterized these sites by correlating datasets from X‐ray CT and histology. Correlated data demonstrated the involvement of different cells and different rates of mineralization. The origin of the progenitors and mechanism of progenitor differentiation involved at these sites was then evaluated using lineage tracing of cells expressing Prx1 and Col.2. The Prx1 progeny contributed to intramembranous bone formation (IBF) at site 1 and endochondral bone formation (EndoBF) at site 2 but not to intramedullary bone formation (IMBF) at site 3. IBF at site 1 was confirmed without a chondrocyte intermediate unlike EndoBF at site 2. Additionally, the presence of Col.2 progeny contributed to EndoBF in site 2 and IMBF in site 3 but not to IBF in site 1. However, the Col.2 progeny in IMBF in site 3 appeared to come from Col.2‐expressing osteocytes originating in the cortices of the ends of the fractured bone. In conclusion we have identified three sites of bone fracture repair that differ in their origin of cells and their mechanisms of bone formation. © 2019 The Authors JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A study of psychological sense of community as a mediator between supportive social systems, school belongingness, and outcome behaviors among urban high school students of color
Authors: Lardier David T. , Opara Ijeoma , Bergeson Carrie , Herrera Andriana , Garcia‐Reid Pauline , Reid Robert J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPsychological sense of community (SOC) has been examined minimally among the youth of color, and as a mediating variable, as well as construct implicated in promoting wellness. Using data from a sample of 401 students of color (Mage = 16.55, standard deviation = 1.31; 54.7% female; 57% Hispanic/Latina[o]) from an underserved northeastern US urban community, we examined the mediating relationship of psychological SOC between social support, participation in youth‐based community programs, and outcomes including school belongingness, risk behaviors such as substance use and violent behavior, and psychological symptoms, including depression. Results indicated that access to social supports and youth‐based community programs was negatively associated with risk behaviors and experiencing depressive symptoms, through both psychological SOC and school belongingness. Implications include the need for community‐based activities for youth that not only foster support but encourage a positive psychological SOC and in‐turn offset negative developmental trajectories and risk behaviors.
Genetic variations and haplotypes in the annexin A5 gene are associated with the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Lan Yanli , Wang Jing , Zhang Qinghua , Yang Xuezhou , Li Lin , Yin Jiu , Li Hemei , Song Xuan , Chen Zhilan , Liu Yun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe expression of annexin A5 (ANXA5) was shown to affect the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). In this study, the effects of two haplotypes, M1 and M2, on the transcription efficiency of ANXA5 promoter were explored. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between the single‐nucleotide polymorphism haplotypes in ANXA5 promoter and the risk of RPL. And a luciferase reporter assay was carried out to study the effects of haplotypes M1 and M2 on the transcription efficiency of the ANXA5 promoter. To study the association between ANXA5 haplotypes and the risk of RPL, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry assays were conducted to observe the expressions of ANXA5 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. Compared to M1 haplotype carriers, M2 haplotype carriers were associated with a higher risk of RPL. Additionally, compared to GATGTC haplotype carriers, GATGGC haplotype carriers were associated with a higher risk of RPL. Compared with RPL cases, the incidences of M2 haplotype were lower in both the population control and parous control cases. Furthermore, M2 carriers showed more significantly decreased activity of ANXA5 promoter compared to the carriers of other haplotypes, indicating that the haplotypes of ANXA5 promoter may be used as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of RPL. Moreover, the activity of ANXA5 as well as the mRNA/protein expression of ANXA5 was significantly downregulated in RPL patients, indicating that the M2 haplotype significantly increased the risk of RPL. Therefore, haplotype M2 increased the risk of RPL by inhibiting the expression of ANXA5.