bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetic Normotensive Menopausal Women: A Global Pulse Wave Velocity Study
Authors: Maiello Maria , Amati Francesca , Caretto Pierpaolo , Ciccone Marco Matteo , Palmiero Pasquale 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArterial stiffness serves as a cardiovascular disease marker, aiding in the early identification of high-risk patients. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of arterial stiffness, measured by global pulse wave velocity (gPWV), among diabetic normotensive menopausal women (DPMW) and its correlation with levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). We recruited 641 consecutive DPMW diagnosed with type 2 diabetes over 5 years. The control group (CG) consisted of 300 normotensive, normoglycemic menopausal women. Normal gPWV was defined as a velocity ≤7.1 m/s. We enrolled 641 DPMW with a mean age of 57 ± 12 years. The CG comprised 300 normotensive, normoglycemic postmenopausal women with a mean age of 56 ± 4 years. Among DPMW, 29 (4.5%) exhibited increased gPWV compared with 4 (1.3%) in the CG (p < 0.01). Of the 225 (35.1%) DPMW with HbA1c > 7.5%, 23 (10.2%) had increased gPWV. In contrast, among the 416 (64.9%) DPMW with HbA1c < 7.5%, only 6 (1.4%) had increased gPWV (p < 0.0001). Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities were detected in 208 (32.4%) DPMW, with 11 (5.3%) of them exhibiting increased gPWV (p = 0.6). There was a higher prevalence of increased gPWV in asymptomatic normotensive DPMW, with a significant association between increased gPWV and elevated HbA1c levels. However, there was no correlation between increased gPWV and abnormal ECG findings, despite ECG being the sole test recommended by current guidelines for all diabetic patients. Early detection of elevated HbA1c levels and increased gPWV may identify asymptomatic DPMW at higher cardiovascular risk, highlighting the inadequacy of a simple ECG in assessing cardiovascular risk in this population.
Symptomatic Severe Stenosis of Cavernous Internal Carotid Artery Stenting: A Case Report with Short Literature Review
Authors: Karki Mohan , Rajpal Girish 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis is rarely reported as compared with extracranial ICA stenosis. Atherosclerosis is one of the major beginnings of stenosis of vasculatures, which may lead to ischemic stroke causing morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 60 -year-old man presented to us with complaints of multiple episodes of dizziness, mild headache, and transient left arm weakness for 3 months and had history of smoking, hypercholesterolemia (high level of low-density lipoprotein level = 220 mg/dL), diabetes mellitus, and hypertension under medication. No neurological deficits were observed at the time of admission. Patient underwent angioplasty and stenting with drug-eluting balloon-expandable coronary stent. Patient was discharged well at the 3rd day of procedure. No recurrence of stroke and restenosis were noted till 3 months of follow-up period. Stenting following angioplasty for treatment of symptomatic severe cavernous ICA stenosis with everolimus-eluting coronary balloon-expandable stent, Xience Xpedition, is safe and effective.
Love poetry as social practice: On the function of medieval Sicilian love lyric in Arabic and Italian
Authors: Carpentieri Nicola 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article problematizes the traditional narrative of Le Origini, according to which the beginnings of Italian literature were based on Provençal examples. I contend that this narrative is incomplete, as it overlooks entirely the rich heritage of Sicilian Arabic poetry that predates the Sicilian romance lyric by only a few decades. Based on a comparative analysis, I aim to demonstrate how the Sicilian romance lyric is also rooted in Sicily’s Islamic past. In support of my argument, I analyze excerpts from three Arabic poems from Islamic and Norman Sicily and then read them alongside Pier della Vigna’s canzone ‘Amor da cui move tuttora e vene’ (Love, from which always come). With my comparison, I call attention to how the poets of the Scuola Siciliana, like their Arabic predecessors at the Kalbid court of Palermo, used verse to craft a code of social competence shaped by the lore and language of the love poem. My comparison opens up a re-examination of Le Origini: can the Sicilian-Arabic poems penned in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth centuries cast new light on the rhymes of the Scuola Siciliana?
Interatomic Coulombic electron capture beyond the virtual photon approximation
Authors: Šenk Jan , Graves Vincent , Gorfinkiel Jimena D. , Kolorenč Přemysl , Sisourat Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

Via the interatomic Coulombic electron capture (ICEC) process, an electron can be captured by an atom or a molecule, while the binding and excess energy is transferred, via a long-range Coulomb interaction, to a neighboring atom or molecule. The transferred energy can be used to ionize or electronically excite the neighboring species. When the two species are asymptotically far apart, an analytical formula for the ICEC cross sections can be derived. The latter can then be estimated using only the energies and the photoionization cross sections of each species. In this work, we develop an analytical model that allows us to predict the ICEC cross sections when the size of the involved species is comparable to the distance between the two entities. Using ab initio R-matrix results for various systems, we show that the new model reduces the error of the asymptotic formula by two orders of magnitude on average while only using parameters that can be taken from the properties of each species.
The effects of dynamic factors inside the bubble on sono-hydrogen yield: A numerical study
Authors: Lv Liang , Song Songsong 
Published: November 2024

The formation of H2 by introducing ultrasonic waves to liquid has been widely recognized as a way to provide a clean, efficient, and reliable source of H2, known as Sono-Hydro-Gen. H2 comes from the chemical effects of ultrasonic waves (sonochemistry) caused by the growth and collapse of acoustic cavitation bubbles. In this work, the effects of dynamic parameters (i.e., bubble temperature, the amount of water vapor trapped inside the bubble, and collapse time) in the evolution of cavitation bubbles on H2 production are studied numerically. For an oxygen bubble, computational simulations are performed for the wide range of acoustic amplitudes (1.5–3 atm), ultrasonic frequencies (140–515 kHz), and ambient radii (0.25–20 μm), considering 22 reversible chemical reactions and 10 chemical species inside the bubble. The numerical results show that the amount of water vapor has a significant effect on the bubble collapse temperature. At low excitation amplitudes, the amount of water vapor is not enough to cause the bubble to form a strong collapse. Nevertheless, at high excitation amplitudes, the amount of water vapor is too much to reduce the bubble temperature. There exist optimal values of bubble temperature and amount of water vapor for H2 production. The optimal bubble temperatures are 5267, 4813, 4626, and 3856 K, corresponding to H2 productions of 4.21 × 10−18, 1.29 × 10−18, 2.61 × 10−19, and 8.48 × 10−20 mol, respectively, at ultrasonic frequencies of 140, 213, 355, and 515 kHz. No matter what the excitation parameters are, the optimal water vapor fraction is 0.78 ± 0.04 for H2 production. The obtained results of the present work can provide guidelines for H2 production in acoustic cavitation.
Analysis of azimuthal electron current driving by rotating magnetic field in field-reversed configuration electric propulsion
Authors: Chen Qiangqiang , Jia Yanhui , Sun Xinfeng , Lv Fangwei , Geng Hai , Rao Bo 
Published: November 2024

Field-reversed configuration electric propulsion is an advanced space electromagnetic propulsion technology with significant application prospects but poor thrust performance. To delve into the intrinsic physical mechanisms, a model of the rotating magnetic field penetrating into the plasma and azimuthal electron current driving was developed. The simulation results show that rotating magnetic field strength, frequency, and initial seed plasma density are the key factors that exist as an optimal threshold. Specifically, the rotating magnetic field feed current (i.e., magnetic field strength) was not less than 1000 A, the rotating magnetic field frequency was ∼200–300 kHz, and the plasma density was approximately 1 × 1018 m−3 order of magnitude.
A rapid multi-modal parameter estimation technique for LISA
Authors: Hoy Charlie , Weaving Connor R , Nuttall Laura K , Harry Ian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) will observe gravitational-wave (GW) signals from a wide range of sources, including massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). Although numerous techniques have been developed to perform Bayesian inference for LISA, they are often computationally expensive; analyses often take at least ∼1 month on a single CPU, even when using accelerated techniques. Not only does this make it difficult to concurrently analyse more than one GW signal, it also makes it challenging to rapidly produce parameter estimates for possible electromagnetic follow-up campaigns.simple-pewas recently developed to produce rapid parameter estimates for GW signals observed with ground-based GW detectors. In this work, we extendsimple-peto produce rapid parameter estimates for LISA sources, including the effects of higher order multipole moments. We show thatsimple-peinfers the source properties of massive black hole binaries in zero-noise at least∼100×faster than existing techniques;∼12 h on a single CPU. We further demonstrate thatsimple-pecan be applied before existing Bayesian techniques to mitigate biases in multi-modal parameter estimation analyses of MBHBs.
Total resonant terahertz absorption enabled by large-scale adjustable admittance inverse matching in a metal groove with graphene
Authors: Morozov Mikhail Yu , Popov Vyacheslav V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We propose a tunable terahertz (THz) perfect absorber based on a metal groove with a graphene-loaded dielectric resonator, and theoretically study its basic properties. The proposed absorber allows switching between the regimes of perfect absorption at the Fabry–Pérot resonance excited near the cutoff frequency of the metal groove and almost total reflection away from the resonance by changing the Fermi energy in the graphene. For this purpose, we propose a ‘bottom–up’ approach, which is based on tuning the admittance of the input line (the metal groove in our case) instead of the structure admittance in order to reach the perfect admittance-matching condition. We demonstrate that this effect can be realized at arbitrarily selected frequencies in the entire THz range due to the dispersion of incoming waves in the metal groove, which ensures the large-scale tunability of its characteristic admittance. As a result, total absorption can be realized in the Fabry–Pérot resonance even in a simple graphene-loaded dielectric cavity for any admittance of the graphene layer, which is advantageous compared to the majority of existing THz absorbers with more complicated designs.
Band gap engineering and photoelectronic properties of novel pentagonal materials penta-XN2 (X = Ni, Pt): a first principle calculations
Authors: Han Keyan , Huang Lin , Luo Cheng , Qin Danfeng , Yang Wenhao , Xu Liang , Long Mengqiu , Chen Tong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional pentagonal materials as the next-generation nanoelectronic devices are promising candidates due to their interesting structures and novel electronic, mechanical, optical and other properties. Penta-NiN2, a newly synthesized material with pentagonal atomic arrangement under high pressure (ACS Nano 15 (2021), 13 539), has also sparked considerable interest. This study systematically investigates the effects of the biaxial strain on the electronic structure of monolayer penta-NiN2 (penta-PtN2). Furthermore, combining the non-equilibrium Green’s function approach, we research the optoelectronic and transport properties of penta-NiN2 (PtN2). The results indicate that biaxial strain can effectively modulate the bandgap of penta-NiN2 (PtN2), particularly achieving a semiconductor-to-metal transition under compressive strain. Moreover, tensile and compressive strains effectively enhance the optical characteristics of penta-NiN2 (PtN2) in visible light range. Under tensile and compressive strains, the absorption peak of penta-NiN2 shows a red shift and a blue shift in visible region, respectively. The pin-junction photodiode of penta-NiN2 (PtN2) exhibit significant photocurrent under illumination. The strongest photocurrent is observed in penta-NiN2 photodiodes under −3% compressive strain, showing the highest response to yellow light. Under the tensile stress of 7% and compressive stress of −3%, the photocurrent of the Penta-PtN2 photodiode is enhanced in the yellow and green light regions. Additionally, applying compressive strain reduces the bandgap of penta-NiN2 (PtN2), significantly enhancing its transport properties and thereby inducing a switch effect in devices. In summary, our study demonstrates that penta-XN2 (X = Ni, Pt) is a promising material in the fields of nanoelectronics and optoelectronic devices.
Impact of reactor neutrino uncertainties on coherent scattering's discovery potential
Authors: Hayen Leendert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nuclear power reactors are the most intense man-made source of antineutrino's and have long been recognized as promising sources for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS) studies. Its observation and the spectral shape of the associated recoil spectrum is sensitive to a variety of exotic new physics scenarios and many experimental efforts are underway. Within the context of the reactor antineutrino anomaly, which initially indicated eV-scale sterile neutrino's, the modeling of the reactor antineutrino spectrum has seen a significant evolution in the last decade. Even so, uncertainties remain due to a variety of nuclear structure effects, incomplete information in nuclear databases and fission dynamics complexities. Here, we investigate the effects of these uncertainties on one's ability to accurately distinguish new physics signals. For the scenarios discussed here, we find that reactor spectral uncertainties are similar in magnitude to the projected sensitivities pointing towards a need for $\beta$ spectroscopy measurements below the inverse $\beta$ decay threshold.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis model based on external attention integrated convolutional neural network under imbalanced data conditions
Authors: Yang Jing , Luo Yanbo , Huang Gangjin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rolling bearings are essential components in numerous mechanical systems, and their failure can result in considerable downtime and expensive repairs. Therefore, accurate and timely fault diagnosis is vital for effective predictive maintenance and overall reliability. Traditional diagnostic methods often struggle with complex and non-stationary signals, compounded by issues of data imbalance in real-world scenarios. A method for diagnosing rolling bearing faults has been developed in this paper utilizing external attention (EA), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and continuous wavelet transform (CWT), specifically addressing the challenge of imbalanced sample data. This approach offers significant advantages, including a reduction in complexity by eliminating the need for data augmentation and leveraging EA for enhanced feature extraction from samples. Compared to other attention mechanisms, this method demonstrates outstanding performance on both training and testing sets with imbalanced samples, exhibiting minimal overfitting tendencies. The proposed CWT-EACNN method effectively addresses the challenge of imbalanced sample data in rolling bearing fault diagnosis, demonstrating exceptional performance and reduced complexity.
On convergence of linear response formulae in some piecewise hyperbolic maps
Authors: Wormell Caroline L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
When high-dimensional non-uniformly hyperbolic chaotic systems undergo dynamical perturbations, their long-time statistics are generally observed to respond differentiably with respect to the perturbation. Although important in applications, this differentiability, which is thought to be connected to the dimensionality of the system, has remained resistant to rigorous study outside of the one-dimensional setting. To model non-uniformly hyperbolic systems in multiple dimensions, we consider a family of the mathematically tractable class of piecewise smooth hyperbolic maps, the Lozi maps. For these maps, we prove that the existence of a formal derivative of the response reduces to conditional mixing of the SRB measure on the singularity set. Heuristically, this suggests that Lozi maps, and piecewise uniformly expanding maps more generally, should have linear response.
The ‘Universe in a Box’: a hands-on activity to introduce primary school students to cosmology
Authors: Tuveri Matteo , Steri Arianna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Physics Education Research shows that active learning and interdisciplinary strategies can enhance students’ engagement in physics. In primary school, the implementation of active learning pedagogies such as Inquiry-Based Science Education aims to encourage students’ autonomy and participation in their learning process. Indeed, active learning promotes pupils’ creativity, helping them develop the skills that increasingly determine their future employability and personal development, introducing them to STEM. In this regard, stories and storytelling can help improve teaching and students’ physics learning. Telling the Universe and its history can afford this job. The Big Bang, the Cosmic Microwave Background, and the formation of stars and planets are valuable tools for introducing primary school students to physics and the scientific method while fostering their curiosity about science. Moreover, it helps the instructors monitor the development of peculiar misconceptions on these topics, preventing them from fully understanding physics phenomena. In this paper, we present an innovative short-term program (one session of three hours) called ‘The Universe in a Box’ to introduce primary school students (grades 4–5, ages 9–10) to cosmology. We illustrate our design and the educational purposes of the program and present the outcomes from its implementation in five different laboratories in Sardinia, Italy, from 2022 to 2024 (60 students involved). This work can furnish a theoretical and methodological guide for primary school teachers and instructors on integrating formal curricula with contemporary physics topics using interdisciplinary approaches, engaging their students in STEAM (STEM plus Arts).
Assessment of arteriosclerosis based on lognormal fitting
Authors: Tang Hao , Li Yumin , Zhao Lulu , Xiang Tenghui , Zhang Ziqi , Li Jianqing , Liu Chengyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective. Pulse pressure waves contain information about human physiology. There is a need for a simple, accurate way to know cardiovascular health in the clinic, so as to realize the implementation of convenient and effective early health monitoring for patients with arteriosclerosis. Approach. This study proposes an arteriosclerosis assessment method based on fitting a lognormal function, along with improving a conventional electronic sphygmomanometer. During the deflation phase of blood pressure measurement, the cuff pressure was kept constant (40 mmHg) and an additional 10 s of pulse signal was acquired. To derive the pulse pressure waveforms for a single cycle, the acquired pulse data of 101 cases were preprocessed in this study, including filtering for noise removal, onset point identification, removal of baseline drift, and normalization. In this study, an improved pulse resolution algorithm is proposed for the multimodal problem of the pulse wave, combining waveform matching and threshold setting, and finally obtaining the resolution parameters of the lognormal function with an average error less than 1.5%. Main results. According to the correlation analysis, the resolved parameters A
1, W
2, C
2, W
3, and C
3 were significantly correlated with brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity, and the absolute correlation range in 0.17–0.53, which can be used as a reference index for arteriosclerosis. An arteriosclerosis assessment model was constructed based on the support vector mechanism, and the prediction accuracy was 91.1%. Significance. This study provides a new solution idea for the arteriosclerosis assessment method as well as the pulse resolution algorithm, which has a greater reference value.
Synthesis, characterization, and study of linear and non-linear optical properties of some newly thieno[2,3-b]thiophene analogs
Authors: Abd El-Lateef Hany M , Kamel Moumen S , Alzahrani Abdullah Yahya Abdullah , Khalaf Mai M , Gouda Mohamed , Ali El-Remaily Mahmoud Abd El Aleem Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
New 3,4-diaminothieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivatives were synthesized by attaching with different aromatic have rich electron. The resulting compounds have been investigated by FT-IR, NMR, elemental analysis and optical absorption spectra. Comparison between the resulting compounds revealed that oxoindolin-3-ylidene)amino)thieno[2,3-b]thiophene has the highest absorption peak intensity at

∼

696

nm

. Thin films have been prepared by thermal evaporation technique and characterized by UV-visible-NIR spectroscopy and the associated absorption, dielectric and dispersion parameters have been investigated and compared with other reported results. The obtained results indicated that diethyl 3,4-bis(((E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)amino)thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate and 3,4-bis(((E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)amino)thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarbonitrile have manifested small band energy gap energy 1.95 eV and 1.66 eV, respectively, as a result of increasing conjugation and high absorption coefficient, making these compounds ideal for use in solar cells. The high nonlinear parameters such as refractive index and third-order nonlinear susceptibility of these organic compound thin films are significantly asymptotic compared to chalcogenide and oxide materials, making them suitable for nonlinear optical devices.
Investigation on influence factors of optically controlled electrorheological fluid damping system
Authors: Yao Yao , Wang Xinjie , Liu Zhicheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electromagnetic rheological damping control system, as an important control technology, has been widely used in braking, vibration reduction, micro-valve etc. However, the electromagnetic rheological damping control system faces electromagnetic interference because of the high-voltage source. To solve this problem, a novel optically controlled electrorheological fluid damping system was proposed in this study. Previous studies have confirmed the feasibility of the optically controlled electrorheological fluid damping control system via numerical simulation and experiment. In this paper, the mechanism and mathematical model of the optically controlled electrorheological fluid damping system are established. Analyses of influencing factors of the optically controlled damping system, especially the impact of light intensity and microchannel size on system performance, are performed through experimental and theoretical methods. Research findings of the analyses of influencing factors provide a comprehensive understanding of the working principle of the electrorheological fluid damping system, thereby promoting stability and reliability in microfluidic technology.