bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational modeling and optimization of peptide-based CAR-T cell receptors targeting CD19 for enhanced efficacy and minimized toxicity
Authors: Krishnan Kadalmani , Chugh Anita , Rajaram Ravikrishnan , Sridha Sid , Setlur Anagha S , K Chandrashekar , Uttarkar Akshay , Niranjan Vidya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of B-cell malignancies, with CD19 being a primary target due to its stable expression in lymphomas. However, current CAR-T therapies face challenges related to antigen escape, treatment resistance, and toxicity. In this study, we employed a computational approach to design and optimize peptide-based CAR-T cell receptors with improved specificity and reduced toxicity. We utilized in silico techniques, including PSI-BLAST sequence validation, molecular docking, machine learning-based toxicity prediction, and molecular dynamics simulations, to refine CAR-T receptor design. Our structural modeling and docking studies identified an optimized single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody (H8_L1) that demonstrated high binding affinity and stability with both wild-type and mutated CD19 variants. Toxicity assessments confirmed minimal off-target effects, ensuring safety in therapeutic applications. Additionally, computational mutation docking studies revealed that the optimized receptor maintained stable interactions despite antigenic variations, addressing a critical limitation of current CAR-T therapies. These findings provide a robust framework for designing next-generation CAR-T therapies with enhanced efficacy, reduced toxicity, and resilience against antigenic drift, paving the way for further experimental validation and clinical applications.
Assessing the effects of menstrual hygiene, water, and sanitation on girls’ academic performances in public schools, Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Geteneh Moges , Stulz Virginia , Mengie Gizachew , Atnafe Lisan , Gezahegn Wossen , Smet Eefje , Muluneh Muluken Desalegn 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This study examined the relationship between menstrual hygiene management (MHM), water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services, and girls' academic performance, Ethiopia. This study employed a cross-sectional mixed-study design with 912 schoolgirls, 22 key informants, six focused group discussions in 37 randomly selected primary and secondary schools. The median age of the schoolgirls was 16 years. Two of the five schoolgirls reported missing classes during menstruation. Of the 912 schoolgirls, 82.5% (95% CI 81–84%) achieved good academic performance during the academic year. Schoolgirls who attended class regularly during menstruation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 14.82, 95% CI 8.652–25.391), schoolgirls who were informed about menstrual hygiene before menarche (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.011–3.229), schoolgirls whose mothers were educated (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.063–3.313), schoolgirls who had basic water services (AOR = 4.72, 95% CI 2.315–9.618), schoolgirls who had basic sanitation services (AOR = 6.32, 95% CI 4.643–33.670), and who had limited sanitation services (AOR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.768–6.636) were significantly associated with good academic performance. Educating mothers, increasing access to WASH, and providing safe spaces for girls can have a positive ripple effect on their daughters' academic success. The findings of this study provide critical evidence to inform decision makers to address MHM challenges in alignment the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030.
Chlorogenic Acid as a Neuroprotective Agent: Enhancing Plasticity and Promoting Brain Health and Functional Reserve
Authors: Hernández-Echeagaray Elizabeth , Vázquez-Roque Rubén , Morales-Medina Julio Cesar , Torres-Cruz Francisco M. , Monroy Elibeth , Galindo-Paredes Gulmaro , Gutiérrez-Ospina Gabriel , Flores Gonzalo 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Functional reserve, the process that warrants the brain to have resources to
maintain key functions and processes when facing neurodegeneration, may be strengthened in nominally
healthy subjects by measures that prompt neural plasticity throughout life.

Method:
In this work, we administered Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) to evaluate its ability to promote
functional morphological plasticity in the frontal cortical-striatal circuit of healthy mice, a pathway
exposed constantly to oxidative challenges, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. The magnitude
of neural plasticity was estimated by assessing spontaneous motor behavior (open field), the relative
magnitude of neuronal activation (number of c-Fos positive neurons), dendritic remodeling (Golgi-
Cox impregnation), the availability of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (semiquantitative
Western blotting), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS assay) in CGA- or vehicle-administered
C57BL/6 male mice.

Results:
CGA administration increased c-Fos in the Dorsal striatum (Ds), changed the availability
of BDNF and Pro-BDNF in the Frontal Cortex (FC) and DS, induced dendritic remodeling in FC
and DS neurons, and reduced FC and DS lipid peroxidation without affecting motor performance or
the availability of TrkB receptor isoforms.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that CGA increases functional reserve by promoting neuronal
plasticity in healthy male mice. Future research should determine whether these additional resources
indeed protect against neurodegeneration.
Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Implantation of Long and Short Second-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Ultramari Frederico Thomaz , Ultramari Flávia Klas Blanski Pinheiro , Morales Kormann Adrian Paulo , Fernandes Anne Louise Trisotto Marchi , Batista Jádina Spricigo , Fernandes Tadeu Augusto , Maestri Rafael , Guérios Ênio Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Despite the introduction of first-generation drug-eluting stents, lesion length has remained a predictor of target lesion revascularization. To address this limitation, stents with thinner struts, more advanced polymers, and drugs with more controlled release were developed. However, the impact of second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES2) length on clinical outcomes remains uncertain.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of DES2 length on long-term safety and efficacy by comparing outcomes between patients who underwent implantation of long and short DES2.

Methods
This observational, retrospective, non-randomized, single-center study included all patients who received only DES2 from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2017. Patients were divided into two groups based on the length of the implanted DES2: 1) long stent group (LSG) with at least one stent measuring 30 mm or longer, and 2) short stent group (SSG) with one or more stents measuring 20 mm or shorter without overlap. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) during a three-year follow-up period.

Results
A total of 278 patients were assigned to the SSG (mean stent length: 19.32±8.6 mm), while 436 patients were assigned to the LSG (mean stent length: 55.38±23.3 mm). The LSG showed a significantly higher incidence of TLF: 16.7% versus 10.4% [SHR (95%CI): 1.78 (1.15-2.76), p=0.01]. No significant differences were observed in the secondary endpoints.

Conclusion
Despite technological advances, the use of DES2 measuring 30 mm or longer has been associated with a higher TLF rate. Therefore, the implantation of longer DES2, compared with DES2 measuring 20 mm or shorter, significantly impacted long-term clinical outcomes related to TLF, while secondary outcomes were not affected.
The Prevalence and Pattern of Oral and Maxillofacial Injuries in Al Fujairah Population, UAE- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jaber Mohamed A , Al-Hmoudi Asmaa , Mathew Asok , Arumuganainar Deepavalli , Yadalam Pradeep Kumar , Saeed Alia , Abdulla Sara , Al Kaabi Salem 
Published: February 2025

Background
There is inadequate documentation of Maxillofacial Injuries prevalence and patterns of occurrence in the UAE. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and trends of maxillofacial injuries among patients at Al-Fujairah Hospital, UAE, focusing on gender distribution, affected age groups, common causes, injury locations, associated soft tissue damage, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches.

Methodology
The retrospective study was conducted at Al Fujairah Hospital, UAE, between January 2003 and February 2015 and included 716 medical records of patients [59 males and 118 females] with maxillofacial injuries. The age range was from 3 to 64 years, with a mean [SD] age of 27[6.23] years. The data included demographic details, clinical findings, radiological findings, and intervention modalities. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used to study the prevalence and trends of maxillofacial injuries.

Results
The age group 21-40 was the most affected. The age group older than 60 years old was the least affected. Oral and maxillofacial injuries were more prevalent in urban regions [n=113 [82.5%]] cases compared to rural areas [n=24[17.5%]]. The majority of the victims were students. Road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of oral and maxillofacial injuries [34.5%], followed by workplace accidents [28.2%], falls [25.2%], assaults [7.7%], and others [4.1%]. Among the patients, 76.4% experienced mandible or midface fractures or both. Among these, the most sustained were mandibular fractures [46.8%], followed by zygomatic complex fractures [17.0%], and 12.7% sustained mid-facial fractures. Additional fracture locations comprise nasal [27%], orbital [16%], dentoalveolar [10%], and frontal bone [7%]. Of the Mandibular fractures, condylar fractures were the most common [5.4%], followed by fractures of the angle [3.8%], body [3.3%], symphysis [1.6%], and parasymphysis [1.1%]. The predominant soft tissue injury was laceration, followed by contusions and incised wounds. Regarding the radiological investigations, OPGs were most commonly used for diagnosing mandibular fractures. In contrast, CT scans were commonly used to diagnose midfacial injuries, and the differences were statistically significant [p<0.05].

Conclusion
The study underscores the need for targeted preventive strategies for maxillofacial injuries, primarily caused by road traffic accidents in Al-Fujairah.
United States of Eureka
Authors: Tolga Theo Yalur  
Published: February 2025

There has been an overwhelming mediatization of corruption, pandemics, wars and conflicts for decades going on through the 2000s. When the “Israel-Hamas War” had just begun in the fall of 2023, for instance, the mainstream media was covering it with wordy psycho-politics. Instead, what I suggest in this article is a detour to a centennial relevance for the psychopolitics of Israeli, Turkey, the USA and current global realities. A relevance that was missing in the psychopolitical realities of countries founded in the interwar and post-war world. Comparing two countries of these stages, Israel to Turkey, I think they are similar in regards to the constitution of national identity politics. It is Sigmund Freud’s relevance shrouded in the shadows for a century, which is not merely a relevance of his own. His work is as powerful a founder of psychoanalysis as the foundations of countries like Turkey and Israel.
keywords: USA, Turkey, Israel, War, Psychoanalysis, Biopolitics
A Note from an Independent Mix-Mash Research on Atatürk’s Nutuk / Discourse (1927) and Its Relevance to NATO
Authors: Tolga Theo Yalur  
Published: February 2025

Integrity of science would surely be challenged by possibilities of bias, errors, mistakes or misinterpretations. Science is charged with methods evaluating the relevance and significance of these — even when the first-person singular, which doesn’t sound objective, is in their research question of any scientific claim. With or without relevance and significance, I mash-up here a narrative with the scientific notes from Atatürk’s Nutuk / Discourse (1927) with respect to NATO.
keywords:
Notes on the Origin of Several Textemes in the Work of I.L. Caragiale
Authors: Terian Simina-Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article demonstrates that some of the textemes of Romanian playwright I.L. Caragiale, which later became famous throughout the entire Romanian ethnolinguistic community, are in fact borrowed from older Romanian texts, which appeared in the mid-19th century. My analysis focuses on three textemes from Caragiale’s comedies (“the family is the small homeland, as the homeland is the large family”, “a stormy night” and “have a little patience”), identifying their origins in the writings of C. D. Aricescu, Ioan M. Bujoreanu and I. Heliade-Rădulescu. My study concludes that Caragiale’s plays have a deeply intertextual structure.
Towards an Operational Didactic Model: From Teaching-Learning Legal French to Translating and Writing Specialized Texts
Authors: Brad Rodica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to discuss, both theoretically and practically, based on my experience as a professor at the MA in The Theory and Practice of Translation, the opportunity and the necessity of an operational model in the didactic approach to specialized translation, as part of the specialized language teaching framework in a multilingual environment. Such an approach has to be based on a complex and integrative pedagogy, which can accommodate the numerous challenges encountered in the training process of translators, who are increasingly expected to master knowledge and different means of expression related to the specialized knowledge of other areas of activity, particularly law. Taking this into consideration, I aim to demonstrate the advantages of such an integrative approach through a four-stage teaching-learning process on legal discourse, namely teaching-learning legal discourse and its characteristics, analyzing legal texts, translating and preparing professional legal texts. In order to illustrate this approach, I outline the most important aspects of these four didactic stages, while focusing on the strategies related to the specificity of legal discourse and the theoretical challenges arising from current research in the field. Moreover, my study brings to the fore the main challenges of teaching specialized languages and specialized discourse analysis, but also of writing legal texts and other specialized professional papers.
Emotional Dynamics in Convorbiri literare — A Quantitative Analyis of 32 Years of Poetry Using Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Susarenco Teodora 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the area of sentiment analysis, specifically looking at its use on a special dataset: poems published in Convorbiri Literare from 1867 to 1898. With a focused approach, the study examines the detailed expressions of happiness and sadness within this 32-year collection, using advanced sentiment analysis techniques to understand the emotional nuances present in the poetry of that period. The research leads the way in applying both traditional and innovative sentiment analysis methods, including lexical affinity, concept-level analysis and clustering methods, to analyze the emotional content of the poems. By tracking the changes in emotional expressions of happiness and sadness over three decades, the study showcases the change in sentiment in poetry, reflecting cultural shifts and artistic movements of the time. The findings not only reveal the emotional dynamics of 19th-century Romanian poetry but also set the stage for future research, particularly in the realm of quantitative literary analysis.
Eine neue Bildungspolitik für eine Welt im Umbruch
Authors: Plünnecke Axel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Germany faces challenges of demographics, decarbonisation, digitisation and deglobalisation. Innovative strength and securing skilled labour are crucial, but Germany is losing strength in research and patents. Demographic problems and declining STEM skills are exacerbating the situation. Immigration partly compensates for this, but the education system is not utilising the potential, especially among children from educationally disadvantaged households. What is needed is more STEM education, all-day school programmes, language support, more research spending at universities and more teaching capacity for international students. Federal policy should implement a quality package for early childhood education, an expansion of the “Startchancen” programme, a national STEM action plan and an additional digital pact.
Der Weg zu mehr Wirkungsorientierung im Bundeshaushalt
Authors: Heinemann Friedrich 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In international comparison, Germany is considered a latecomer when it comes to performance budgeting. After clarifying the central concepts of goal- and impact-oriented budgeting and its historical foundations, the article describes the progress that the federal government has made since the 2000s towards a more impact-oriented management of its funds. For example, there is a regular evaluation obligation, in which comprehensive spending reviews are carried out and top-down budgeting strengthens the responsibility of the ministries for the targeted use of funds. Nevertheless, there are still numerous obstacles to overcome in order to catch up with the pioneers of performance budgeting. This article shows how a broadly conceived package of measures could strengthen impact orientation in the coming years. We recommend that the next government coalition make committed use of this set of instruments to leverage efficiency reserves in the federal budget.
Welche Unterstützung junge Menschen bei Unternehmensgründungen wichtig finden
Authors: Andrade Ivo , Bürger Tobias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Entrepreneurial activity among young people in Germany remains low, thereby limiting Germany’s future innovation potential. A conjoint analysis of 297 young entrepreneurial-minded individuals identifies financial support – such as a start-up basic income and access to venture capital – as the most effective measures for increasing the attractiveness of youth entrepreneurship besides networking, mentoring and educational offers. Targeted supporting measures could help activate an untapped entrepreneurial potential and strengthen the entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Role of volumetric CT perfusion of the liver in portal hypertension considering the level of portal circulation blocking: a prospective study
Authors: Djuraeva N. M. , Vakhidova N. T. , Amirkhamzaev A. T. , Abdukhalimova Kh. V. , Sultanov A. T. , Khursanova D. Kh. , Mirtadzhieva Z. D. , Magzumova S. Kh. 
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Modern studies focus on the analysis of hemodynamic changes in the liver in diffuse pathologies, as well as the role of mechanisms that increase arterial perfusion with a decrease in portal blood flow. Diffuse liver diseases eventually lead to fibrosis and the risk of cirrhosis, but invasive biopsy remains the only accurate method for staging. Non-invasive methods such as elastography and the Child–Pugh scale help assess the severity of liver cirrhosis. Perfusion CT (PCT) allows you to determine the functional state of hepatocytes and determine their microcirculation. The method is safe, has a high resolution and provides complex parameters of liver perfusion. Wide-detector CT allows you to level out various artifacts, obtain perfusion images of the liver in a single scan and expand the diagnostic capabilities of this technique.The aim: to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of volumetric perfusion CT in determining the severity of hemodynamic disorders in patients with portal hypertension (PH), taking into account the level of blockage of the portal circulation.Materials and methods.The prospective study involved 110 patients divided into four groups: 63 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) (block at the level of the intrahepatic postsinusoidal circulation); 10 patients with liver fibrosis (LF) (block at the level of intrahepatic presinusoidal circulation); 13 patients with PH of extrahepatic etiology (block at the level of the subhepatic circulation), 24 patients in the control group, donors of the liver fragment. The study assessed liver perfusion parameters such as arterial perfusion (AP), portal perfusion (PP) and hepatic perfusion index (HPI).Results. The most pronounced deviations in liver perfusion were verified in subhepatic block (SHB), with a significant increase in the liver index (35.6 ± 1.5%; p < 0.001). In cirrhosis with postsinusoidal block, there was a significant decrease in the portal fraction, a compensatory increase in arterial blood flow to 41.4 ± 0.7 ml/100 ml/min and, accordingly, a higher increase in the liver index (23.8 ± 0.4%; p < 0.001). Paradoxical changes in perfusion parameters with the formation of a hyperkinetic type of blood circulation and an increase in portal blood flow relative to normative values up to 169.4 ± 5.0 ml/100 ml/min (p < 0.01) were obtained in AF.Conclusion. The results confirm the diagnostic effectiveness of volumetric CT perfusion and its significance in assessing and predicting the severity of hemodynamic disorders in patients, taking into account the level of blockage of the portal circulation.
Reduced myelination of white matter in patients with affective disorders according to fast macromolecular proton fraction mapping
Authors: Borodina S. O. , Burenkova M. G. , Borodin O. Y. , Smirnova L. P. , Epimahova E. V. , Yarnykh V. L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study aimed to test the method of fast molecular proton fraction mapping as a tool for quantitative assessment of myelin deficiency in affective disorders between general and local measurements in seven selected regions of interest of both hemispheres in comparison with the control group, determining the sensitivity and specificity of the method.Materials and methods. The study included 24 patients with affective disorders, 13 were diagnosed with a current depressive episode as part of recurrent depressive disorder, and 11 were diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder. All patients underwent non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the brain using a fast MPF mapping protocol. Comparison of the MPF levels for the control and experimental groups were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U-test. ROC analysis was used to assess the prognostic value of the investigating parameters.Results. The average MPF indices of all selected regions of interest for the control group and group of patients with affective disorders (AD) were significantly different (p < 0.0001). In a pairwise comparison of each selected area, patients with AD showed a significant decrease in MPF in all selected areas of white matter compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Analyzing the ROC curves, the largest areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were 0.892 ± 0.061 (83.3%; 88.89%) and 0.888 ± 0.054 (70.83%; 83.3%) in the periventricular zone and thalamic area respectively. which indicates the “high” information content of these models for detecting the process of hypomyelination in patients with AR.Conclusion. Affective disorders are characterized by a significant decrease in the MPF of the white matter of the brain in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05), which indicates a decrease in the concentration of myelin in the observed areas. The process of hypomyelination is diffuse as it was significantly expressed in all selected regions of interest in patients with affective disorders, including the periventricular zone and the area of thalamus and basal ganglia in comparison with controls (p < 0.05). MPF changes in the periventricular zone have the greatest diagnostic value for detecting hypomyelination in AD (PPV = 91%, NPV = 80%).