bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Denitrification in Saturated Riparian Buffers
Authors: Groh Tyler A. , Davis Morgan P. , Isenhart Thomas M. , Jaynes Dan B. , Parkin Timothy B. 
Published: November 2018

Excess NO3leaching from the agricultural Midwest via tile drainage water has contributed to both local drinking water and national Gulf of Mexico benthic hypoxia concerns. Both in‐field and edge‐of‐field practices have been designed to help mitigate NO3flux to surface waters. Edge‐of‐field practices focus on maximizing microbial denitrification, the conversion of NO3to N2gas. This study assessed denitrification rates from two saturated riparian buffers (SRBs) for 2 yr and a third SRB for 1 yr, for a total of five sample years. These SRBs were created by diverting NO3–rich tile drainage water into riparian buffers soils. The SRBs in this study removed between 27 and 96% of the total diverted NO3load. Measured cumulative average denitrification rate for each SRB sample year accounted for between 3.7 and 77.3% of the total NO3removed. Both the cumulative maximum and 90% confidence interval denitrification rates accounted for all of the NO3removed by the SRBs in three of the five sample years, indicating that denitrification can be a dominant NO3removal mechanism in this edge‐of‐field practice. When adding the top 20 cm of each core to the cumulative denitrification rates for each SRB, denitrification accounted for between 33 and over 100% of the total NO3removed. Buffer age (time since establishment) was speculated to enhance denitrification rates, and there was a trend of the soil closer to the surface making up the majority of the total denitrification rate. Finally, both NO3and C could limit denitrification in these SRBs.Core IdeasDenitrification accounted for 3.7 to 77.3% of NO3removal within saturated riparian buffers.We hypothesized that saturated riparian buffer denitrification increased with buffer age.Soil surface horizons had a greater denitrification rate than deeper horizons.A higher water table led to greater NO3removal through denitrification.The saturation status of a buffer did not significantly affect denitrification rates.
HOBE: The Danish Hydrological Observatory
Authors: Jensen Karsten H. , Refsgaard Jens Christian 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
HOBE provides an experimental catchment infrastructure.
Measurements, experiments, and modeling are carried out.
A number of research questions are addressed; the primary one is closure of the water balance.
The database is available for data sharing.
The Danish hydrological observatory was established in 2007 in a catchment in the western part of Denmark representing hydrological conditions in a temperate climate with groundwater‐dominated streamflow. In the catchment, an experimental infrastructure has been established where measurements, experiments, and modeling are performed across a range of spatial and temporal scales. The primary research question is water balance closure at different scales, which has been addressed using improved measurement and modeling methods. In addition, an array of research questions are related to processes in the individual hydrological compartments as well as the interactions between them. We provide here an overview of long‐term monitoring and observation, dedicated observations, experiments, and modeling. An overview of main research findings is also provided. The research has provided new insights into the dynamics of the individual hydrological processes and their interactions. The hydrological fluxes are now determined with greater certainty, and the water balance is better constrained at different spatial scales.
Snowmelt Infiltration and Macropore Flow in Frozen Soils: Overview, Knowledge Gaps, and a Conceptual Framework
Authors: Mohammed Aaron A. , Kurylyk Barret L. , Cey Edwin E. , Hayashi Masaki 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
Review highlights the hydrological importance of macropore flow in frozen soils.
Governing flow mechanisms and infiltration and refreezing dynamics are discussed.
Research is needed to integrate macropore flow and soil freeze–thaw theory.
Dual‐domain models of macropore flow should be adapted to frozen ground.
A conceptual framework for modeling frozen macroporous soils is proposed.
Macropore flow in frozen soils plays a critical role in partitioning snowmelt at the land surface and modulating snowmelt‐driven hydrological processes. Previous descriptions of macropore flow processes in frozen soil do not explicitly represent the physics of water and heat transfer between macropores and the soil matrix, and there is a need to adapt recent conceptual and numerical models of unfrozen macropore flow to account for frozen ground. Macropores remain air filled under partially saturated conditions, allowing preferential flow and meltwater infiltration prior to ground thaw. Nonequilibrium gravity‐driven flow can rapidly transport snowmelt to depths below the frost zone or, alternatively, infiltrated water may refreeze in macropores and restrict preferential flow. As with unfrozen soils, models of water movement in frozen soil that rely solely on diffuse flow concepts cannot adequately represent unsaturated macropore hydraulics. Dual‐domain descriptions of unsaturated flow that explicitly define macropore hydraulic characteristics have been successful under unfrozen conditions but need refinement for frozen soils. In particular, because pore connectivity and hydraulic conductivity are influenced by ice content, modeling schemes specifying macropore–matrix interactions and refreezing of infiltrating water are critical. This review discusses the need for research on the interacting effects of macropore flow and soil freeze–thaw and the integration of these concepts into a framework of coupled heat and water transfer. As a result, it proposes a conceptual model of unsaturated flow in frozen macroporous soils that assumes two interacting domains (macropore and matrix) with distinct water and heat transfer regimes.
Identifying the Main Factors Contributing to the Spatial Variability of Soil Saline–Sodic Properties in a Reclaimed Coastal Area
Authors: Fei Yuanhang , She Dongli , Fang Kai 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
A spatial model was used for identifying the main factors affecting spatial variability of soil salt.
Land‐use pattern was the most influential factor that affected spatial variation of soil salt.
The generalized least squares model was suitable for soil salt content in Transect 2.
This study is helpful for agronomic management practices in coastal reclamation areas.
Studies on changes in soil saline–sodic characteristics have important reference value for reclamation planning and agricultural utilization of coastal regions. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of the soil salt content (SSC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in two transects, which extended through different reclamation areas along a reclaimed coastal area of China. A total of 54 sampling points along Transect 1 were collected to study soil saline–sodic characteristics of a recently reclaimed farmland in 2007, and 50 sampling points were collected along Transect 2 that ran through six farmland areas reclaimed at different times (2007, 1981, 1960, 1950, 1940, and 1916). A spatial model, generalized least squares (GLS), was used to conduct multiple regression equations on SSC or SAR and explanatory variables. The results showed that land‐use pattern was the most influential factor that affected spatial variation of SSC and SAR. The parametric Levene's test and Moran's I test showed that heterogeneity and autocorrelated residuals could only be found for SSC in Transect 2, so the GLS model was suitable for SSC in Transect 2. The GLS method did not perform better than the nonspatial model (ordinary least squares) by incorporating exhaustive ancillary variables but was more suitable when autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity existed in the errors of a model. Using these methods, we obtained information on the spatial variation of soil saline–sodic characteristics and its controlling factors. This information is helpful for land‐use planning, soil partition management, and agronomic management practices in coastal reclamation areas.
Purification effects of amended bioretention columns on phosphorus in urban rainfall runoff
Authors: Li Jiake , Li Laiyan , Dong Wen , Li Huaien 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In order to develop bioretention fillers with better phosphorus removal capacity, we built 12 bioretention columns with six kinds of modified fillers, and analyzed the operation effects of the columns under different conditions through field tests. Results show that adding water treatment residual has optimal removal rates for total phosphorus (TP) (median = 96.80%) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) (median = 97.13%). The water reduction rates of the columns with improved fillers are 1.23–2.04 times that of the bioretention soil media column. The coconut chaff column has the best water storage capacity (median = 40.54%). Among the external factors affecting column operation, influent concentration of pollutants in urban surface runoff is the biggest influence factor on the removal efficiency of TP. However, there are no significant correlations between the removal efficiency of SRP and rainfall, influent concentration, and discharge ratio. The columns modified with medical stone, vermiculite, peat soil, medical stone + peat soil, green zeolite + peat soil all have good removal for phosphorus pollutant. After entering the columns, the contents of TP and SRP in most columns increased. The recommended fillers and the accumulation performance of phosphorus can help to improve purification effects in bioretention systems.
Photocatalytic performance of Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS nanocomposites with high visible light response prepared via microwave-assisted hydrothermal two-step method
Authors: Huang Jiwei , Yang Changlong , Song Qiang , Liu Dongxue , Li Li 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA series of different ratios of Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS nanocomposites with visible light response were prepared by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal two-step method, whose composition, crystalline structure, morphology and surface physicochemical properties were well-characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis/DRS), photoluminescence spectrum (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements. Results showed that as-composites mainly consisted of ZnS crystal phase, whose grain size increased obviously compared with non Ag2S samples. At the same time, due to the introduction of narrow band gap Ag2S, the synthesized composite can effectively increase the visible optical absorption of ZnO/ZnS composites. Among them, 1% Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS showed a mixed structure of nano-line and nano-particle, of which BET value increased significantly, and the morphology was more excellent. Photocatalytic activities of a series of Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS composites under different light sources were studied using methyl orange as a model molecule, and 1% Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS was taken as the best one. Meanwhile, 1% Ag2S/ZnO/ZnS also showed a good degradation effect on other dyes with different structures, and its degradation efficiency did not change significantly after three cycles, showing certain stability. In addition, composites with Ag2S loading of 1% possessed the highest hydrogen production ability of photolysis water, indicating that the introduction of Ag2S had significantly enhanced the catalytic performance.
Systematic Review of Food Addiction as Measured with the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Implications for the Food Addiction Construct
Authors: Penzenstadler Louise , Soares Carina , Karila Laurent , Khazaal Yasser 
Published: November 2018

Background:The concept of food addiction attracts much interest in the scientific community. Research is mainly based on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), a tool developed to assess food addiction. Substance use disorder criteria have been used to develop this scale.Objective:The aim of this paper was to review the clinical significance of food addiction diagnoses made with the YFAS and to discuss the results in light of the current debate on behavioral addictions.Methods:We performed a systematic review of the studies that assessed food addiction with the YFAS published between January 2014 and July 2017 by searching the electronic databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and PsycARTICLES.Results:Sixty publications were included in the analysis. Thirty-three studies examined nonclinical samples and 27 examined clinical samples. All studies used YFAS scoring results to define food addiction. The prevalence of food addiction according to the YFAS varied largely by the studied samples. In general, a higher body mass index and the presence of eating disorders (EDs), especially binge eating disorder (BED), were associated with higher YFAS scores.Conclusion:The concept of food addiction has not been established to this day although it can be grouped with other EDs such as BED. More research is needed to understand this behavior and the differences between food addiction and other EDs. The criteria for food addiction should be revisited in light of the concepts currently used to examine behavioral addictions.
Antimicrobial Activity, Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Screening of Aesculus hippocastanum Mother Tincture against Food-borne Bacteria
Authors: Bonomo Maria Grazia , Cafaro Caterina , Russo Daniela , Calabrone Luana , Milella Luigi , Saturnino Carmela , Capasso Anna , Salzano Giovanni 
Published: November 2018

Background:
The advantageous health effects of extracts from different types of plants
have been known for centuries and the search for new natural extracts is very important at present.

Methods:
In this study, the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activities of Aesculus hippocastanum
mother tincture (TM) against a range of foodborne bacteria were investigated to determine the major
components and the action spectrum and the antimicrobial efficacy of the extract.

Results:
Results demonstrated a high antioxidant ability; total polyphenolic content was 506.8 ±
15.2mg GAE/100ml and the highest content was found for flavonoids. Moreover, TM demonstrated
the antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria and all Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive
with an high antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory activity showed a moderate effect on the growth
of 72.7% of strains in presence of different extract MIC.

Conclusion:
The synergistic actions of bioactive compounds detected in the TM might be on the
basis of the antioxidant and biological activities observed. These results can be applied in the
pharmaceutical field and also in food preservation, alternative medicine and natural therapies.
Synthesis, Formulation and Analytical Method Validation of Rutin Derivative
Authors: Abualhasan Murad , Assali Mohyeddin , Jaradat Nidal , Sarhan Tala 
Published: November 2018

Background:
In this study; we aimed to increase water solubility and formula dissolution
through synthesizing more soluble chemical derivative of rutin

Objective:
The synthesized rutin derivative is novel and shows an improvement in solubility and
hence possibly a better oral bioavailability. The steps followed in this study are of major benefit
which can be utilized by herbal and pharmaceutical industries to improve their products.

Methods:
In this study, a selective partial acetylation was performed to produce a hexaacetylated
ester of rutin. Water solubility of the synthesized hexaacetylated ester of rutin and its dissolution
were tested and compared to the original rutin. A simple UV/Vis spectrophotometric method was
developed and validated.

Results:
Water solubility and dissolution profile of hexaacetylated ester derivative of rutin were
increased by approximately two folds compared to that of the original rutin. The antioxidant activity
of the synthesized derivative was comparable to original rutin. The developed analytical method was
found to be linear, accurate, precise, robust and capable of quantifying the active ingredient at low
concentration (0.0259 mg/ml).

Conclusion:
An improvement in the solubility of rutin was achieved. The tablet formulation of the
partially acetylated ester derivative of rutin gives a better dissolution over the marketed rutin tablets.
Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS): A Detrimental Effect of Dapsone? A Case Report
Authors: Shukkoor Aashiq Ahamed , Thangavelu Saravanan , George Nimmy Elizabeth , Priya Shanmuga 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Dapsone is a sulfone derived drug used in the treatment of leprosy and several
chronic inflammatory dermatological diseases. Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) is
characterized by fever, hepatitis, generalized exfoliative dermatitis and lymphadenopathy. It is rare and
potentially fatal.

Case Report:
We present a case report of a 52 years old female with a recent history of antecedent
dapsone exposure of 100 mg daily for 2 weeks. She developed fever 10 days after exposure to dapsone
therapy and was treated in various primary and tertiary centers for features of sepsis. When she
presented to us, clinical features of multi-organ dysfunction and intractable sepsis was evident. She
was successfully managed with intravenous corticosteroids and other supportive therapy. This case of
DHS is unique due to pulmonary, hepatic and colonic involvement in addition to secondary bacterial
and fungal infection, which is associated with an increased risk of mortality.

Conclusion:
As dapsone is mainstay in the treatment several infections and inflammatory conditions,
further research is needed to characterize markers to diagnose DHS and to develop screening policies
prior to initiation of dapsone therapy.
Sobre ações de Insistência e outros nós ou como rasurar identidade e cidade: construindo um textotrama em Belém-Pará-Amazônia
Authors: Araújo Flavia De Sousa 
Published: November 2018

Partindo da compreensão de que o domínio de ferramentas de criação discursiva que instituem categorias ordenadoras de visões de mundo se trata de uma estratégia fundamental de sobrevivência / permanência nos territórios criados / disputados; e fazendo alusão à técnica de tecedura manual, elaboramos este texto enquanto um textotrama na qual buscamos agenciar fios discursivos (conjuntos de falas e práticas) dos principais sujeitos que nomeiam e rasuram a categoria-cidade Belém do Pará, bem como três de suas principais identidades hegemonicamente instituídas: quilombola, indígena e ribeirinha, as quais são, nos discursos dominantes, consideradas “outras” que diferem daquela(s) que identifica(m) o “cidadão belenense”. Cabe ressaltar que o ato de alinhavar-cartografar diferentes discursos / falas e práticas dos principais sujeitos (des)constituidores destas categorias é já tramá-los com meus próprios discursos, e é o enlace destes que compõem agenciamentos, aqui denominados enosamentos.
Oficinas terapêuticas: possibilidades de subjetivação da pessoa psicótica institucionalizada
Authors: De Souza Amanda Santos , Diamantino Rui Maia 
Published: November 2018

A arte está entre as diversas modalidades de assistência resolutiva ao sofrimento psíquico e à desconstrução de estigmas sociais em torno da psicose por meio da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a contribuição da arte como instrumento de expressão do inconsciente em sujeitos psicóticos e como caminho para a formação do vínculo terapêutico, a partir da experiência de oficinas realizadas na internação de um hospital psiquiátrico na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. A função da criação artística foi abordada como ferramenta de trabalho no manejo da psicose a partir do vínculo terapêutico. Como resultado, considerou-se que a arte pode ser uma ferramenta facilitadora da expressão subjetiva para as pessoas que vivem a experiência da psicose, tornando-lhes possível o alcance de novos lugares na relação com a sociedade e atenuando o sofrimento psíquico da experiência, por meio do vínculo com os profissionais que atuam na unidade de saúde.
Delineamentos teórico-metodológicos para estudar a mediação do cotidiano familiar na recepção
Authors: Bonin Jiani Adriana 
Published: November 2018

Este artigo busca trazer alguns delineamentos teórico-metodológicos para a pesquisa de recepção televisiva; mais especificamente, tendo como eixo a perspectiva das mediações, procuramos delinear proposições para pensar a especificidade da mediação cotidiano familiar na recepção televisiva, tendo como referência da construção uma pesquisa empírica concreta de recepção de telenovela entre camponeses.
Jogos (virtuais) de simulação da vida (real): o The Sims e a geração Y (Real) life simulation (virtual) games: The Sims and the Y-generation
Authors: Krüger Fernando Luiz , Cruz Dulce Márcia 
Published: November 2018

O grupo de jovens do final do século XX conhecido como geração Y possui umconjunto de características próprias que o difere das demais gerações, tais como o individualismo, o hedonismo e o fato de ter crescido em contato com a mídia digital. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi fazer um levantamento exploratório sobrea possível inter-relação entre as características e hábitos da geração Y, as possibilidades de ação e participação dos jogadores dentro das narrativas multimídia presentes nogame The Sims e as principais estratégias de comunicação da empresa Eletronic Artsvisando a comercialização do jogo. Como principais conclusões, verificou-se que ogame proporciona um grande nível de interatividade, com uma ampla diversidade de estilos e a agregação de vários aspectos pós-modernos, respondendo às característicasda geração Y.
A morte do corpo e a ascensão da imagem: Perspectiva histórica da relação entre corpo e imagem
Authors: Viviani Ana Elisa Antunes 
Published: November 2018

A crescente substituição do corpo por sua imagem surge, segundo o pensadoralemão Dietmar Kamper, com a teologia medieval cristã e a anatomia moderna. Com base nesses pressupostos, investigamos os primórdios do cristianismo que estabelece um novoestatuto para as imagens a partir da idéia de carne como manifestação do inefável. Apartir daí, procuramos compreender a maneira particular como quatro artistas renascentistas (Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Alberti e Donatello) representaram os corpos emsuas obras e a utilização pedagógica das imagens do corpo pelos estudos de anatomia noinício da modernidade, anunciando a objetivação do mesmo. O pensamento cartesiano doséc. XVII consolida esta visão, levando a cabo a idéia hoje amplamente divulgada de umcorpo-prótese.
Imagem e Sublime: um estudo de caso. Análise da série televisiva Os Assumidos
Authors: Zanforlin Sofia 
Published: November 2018

O artigo se divide em três partes: primeiro, percorremos a definição de Jean FrançoisLyotard sobre o conceito de sublime. Num segundo momento, buscamos acepções sobre osentimento do sublime no contemporâneo através do conceito de ‘sublime tecnológico’,desenvolvido por Mario Costa, em que o autor defende a possibilidade da expressão dosentimento sublime em meio ao contexto atual de multiplicação e banalização de imagens esignos na comunicação de massas. No terceiro momento, procuramos analisar à cena finalda primeira temporada do seriado televisivo Os Assumidos (Queer as Folk), e assimresponder à questão: há espaço para a contemplação, para a reflexão, condições apontadaspor Lyotard como necessárias ao surgimento do sentimento sublime no contexto daprogramação de TV?