bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Modeling of Masonry-infilled RC Frame
Authors: Filippou Christiana A. , Kyriakides Nicholas C. , Chrysostomou Christis Z. 
Published: July 2019

Background:The behavior of masonry-infilled Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame structures during an earthquake, has attracted the attention of structural engineers since the 1950s. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to investigate the behavior of masonry-infilled RC frame under in-plane loading.Objective:This paper presents a numerical model of the behavior existing masonry-infilled RC frame that was studied experimentally at the University of Patra. The objective of the present study is to identify suitable numerical constitutive models for each component of the structural system in order to create a numerical tool to model the masonry infilled RC frames in-plane behavior by accounting the frame-infill separation.Methods:A 2D masonry-infilled RC frame was developed in DIANA Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software and an eigenvalue and nonlinear structural cyclic analyses were performed. It is a 2:3 scale three-story structure with non-seismic design and detailing, subjected to in-plane cyclic loading through displacement control analysis.Results:There is a good agreement between the numerical model and experimental results through a nonlinear cyclic analysis. It was found that the numerical model has the capability to predict the initial stiffness, the ultimate stiffness, the maximum shear-force capacity, cracking- patterns and the possible failure mode of masonry-infilled RC frame.Conclusion:Therefore, this model is a reliable model of the behavior of masonry-infilled RC frame under cyclic loading including the frame-infill separation (gap opening).
Analyzing the Communication Interchange of Individuals With Disabilities Utilizing Facebook, Discussion Forums, and Chat Rooms: Qualitative Content Analysis of Online Disabilities Support Groups
Authors: Stetten Nichole E , LeBeau Kelsea , Aguirre Maria A , Vogt Alexis B , Quintana Jazmine R , Jennings Alexis R , Hart Mark 
Published: July 2019

Background
Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the United States are currently living with a form of disability. Although the Americans with Disabilities Act has published guidelines to help make developing technology and social networking sites (SNS) more accessible and user-friendly to people with a range of disabilities, persons with disabilities, on average, have less access to the internet than the general population. The quality, content, and medium vary from site to site and have been greatly understudied. Due to this, it is still unclear how persons with disabilities utilize various platforms of online communication for support.

Objective
The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore and compare the interactions and connections among online support groups across Facebook, discussion forums, and chat rooms to better understand how persons with disabilities were utilizing different SNS to facilitate communication interchange, disseminate information, and foster community support.

Methods
Facebook groups, discussion forums, and chat rooms were chosen based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Data collected included content posted on Facebook groups, forums, and chat rooms as well as the interactions among group members. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the constant comparative method.

Results
A total of 133 Facebook posts, 116 forum posts, and 60 hours of chat room discussions were collected and analyzed. In addition, 4 themes were identified for Facebook posts, 3 for discussion forums, and 3 for chat rooms. Persons with disabilities utilized discussion forums and chat rooms in similar ways, but their interactions on Facebook differed in comparison. They seem to interact on a platform based on the specific functions it offers.

Conclusions
Interactions on each of the platforms displayed elements of the 4 types of social support, indicating the ability for social support to be facilitated among SNS; however, the type of social support varied by platform. Findings demonstrate that online support platforms serve specific purposes that may not be interchangeable. Through participation on different platforms, persons with disabilities are able to provide and receive social support in various ways, without the barriers and constraints often experienced by this population.
Combining Nonclinical Determinants of Health and Clinical Data for Research and Evaluation: Rapid Review
Authors: Golembiewski Elizabeth , Allen Katie S , Blackmon Amber M , Hinrichs Rachel J , Vest Joshua R 
Published: July 2019

Background
Nonclinical determinants of health are of increasing importance to health care delivery and health policy. Concurrent with growing interest in better addressing patients’ nonmedical issues is the exponential growth in availability of data sources that provide insight into these nonclinical determinants of health.

Objective
This review aimed to characterize the state of the existing literature on the use of nonclinical health indicators in conjunction with clinical data sources.

Methods
We conducted a rapid review of articles and relevant agency publications published in English. Eligible studies described the effect of, the methods for, or the need for combining nonclinical data with clinical data and were published in the United States between January 2010 and April 2018. Additional reports were obtained by manual searching. Records were screened for inclusion in 2 rounds by 4 trained reviewers with interrater reliability checks. From each article, we abstracted the measures, data sources, and level of measurement (individual or aggregate) for each nonclinical determinant of health reported.

Results
A total of 178 articles were included in the review. The articles collectively reported on 744 different nonclinical determinants of health measures. Measures related to socioeconomic status and material conditions were most prevalent (included in 90% of articles), followed by the closely related domain of social circumstances (included in 25% of articles), reflecting the widespread availability and use of standard demographic measures such as household income, marital status, education, race, and ethnicity in public health surveillance. Measures related to health-related behaviors (eg, smoking, diet, tobacco, and substance abuse), the built environment (eg, transportation, sidewalks, and buildings), natural environment (eg, air quality and pollution), and health services and conditions (eg, provider of care supply, utilization, and disease prevalence) were less common, whereas measures related to public policies were rare. When combining nonclinical and clinical data, a majority of studies associated aggregate, area-level nonclinical measures with individual-level clinical data by matching geographical location.

Conclusions
A variety of nonclinical determinants of health measures have been widely but unevenly used in conjunction with clinical data to support population health research.
Behavioral, Nutritional, and Genetic Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancers in Morocco: Protocol for a Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Mint Sidi Ould Deoula Meimouna , Huybrechts Inge , El Kinany Khaoula , Boudouaya Hanae , Hatime Zineb , El Asri Achraf , Benslimane Abdelilah , Nejjari Chakib , Sidi Adil Ibrahimi , El Rhazi Karima 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and is currently considered as a major public health concern. A peak increase in incidence has been noted in economically transitioning countries like Morocco where industrialization started shifting from a traditional lifestyle and diet toward a more westernized diet and lifestyle.ObjectiveThis paper aims to present the protocol of a large-scale Moroccan case-control study that aims at investigating associations of diet, other lifestyle factors, and genetic traits with CRC risk in Morocco.MethodsA case-control study was conducted between 2009 and 2017, including 3032 case-control pairs (1516 cases and 1516 controls) matched on sex, age, and center in 5 major public health hospitals in Morocco. Questionnaires on sociodemographic data, lifestyle, family history of CRC, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were completed by trained investigators during face-to-face interviews. In addition, participants completed a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire, developed to assess food intake in the Moroccan population. Information regarding genetic factors was recorded for cases, and paraffin blocks (with embedded tumor tissues) are available in 3 collaborating hospitals. Conditional logistic regression analysis is planned to assess associations between diet and CRC risk. Binary logistic regression is considered to predict associations between mutations and nutritional risk factors including only CRC case series.ResultsAltogether, 2966 cases-control pairs (1483 cases and 1483 controls) were considered eligible and included in this study. Both cases and controls did not differ significantly with respect to age (P=.36), sex (P=.51), center (P>.99), marital status (P=.30), and NSAID use (P=.08). However, participants in the control group were significantly more likely to have a high income level and live in urban areas and to have a high level of education than cases.ConclusionsThis is the first study investigating potential risk factors of CRC such as lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors, originating from a southern Mediterranean country with low but increasing CRC prevalence. Identified risk factors allow the establishment of evidence-based preventive actions regarding nutrition and other lifestyle habits adapted to the Moroccan context. In brief, this study will promote cancer research and prevention in Morocco.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR1-10.2196/13998
Exploring How People Affected by Methamphetamine Exchange Social Support Through Online Interactions on Facebook: Content Analysis
Authors: Ellway Daniel , Reilly Rachel , Le Couteur Amanda , Ward James 
Published: July 2019

Background
Methamphetamine is an illicit and addictive psychostimulant that remains to be a significant cause of economic burden in Australia. Social media is increasingly being used by nongovernment organizations and health services to encourage the growth of social support networks among people with health-related issues. Several studies have investigated the utility of social media in providing social support to groups of people with health-related issues. However, limited research exists that explores how people who have been directly or indirectly affected by methamphetamine use social media for social support.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the types of social support being sought and provided by people affected by methamphetamine when interacting with others on a Facebook page.

Methods
A total of 14,777 posts were collected from a Facebook page and transferred into an Excel document for content analysis. The posts were manually coded into categories of social support using an adapted version of Cutrona and Suhr’s Social Support Behavior Code. Posts could be coded into more than one category. Saturation was reached at 2000 posts, which were used to draw inferences.

Results
Emotional support was the most offered support type, with 42.05% (841/2000) of posts providing this form of support. This is followed by esteem support, which was provided in 40.40% (808/2000) of posts. Overall, 24.20% (484/2000) of posts offered informational support. Network support and tangible support were the least offered support types, with 2.25% (45/2000) and 1.70% (34/2000) of posts offering these types of support, respectively.

Conclusions
This study suggests that online social support groups can be effective in challenging stigma by encouraging people affected by methamphetamine to connect with each other and talk about their struggles. This in turn represents an important step toward successful rehabilitation.
Assessment of Heart Failure Patients’ Interest in Mobile Health Apps for Self-Care: Survey Study
Authors: Sohn Albert , Speier William , Lan Esther , Aoki Kymberly , Fonarow Gregg , Ong Michael , Arnold Corey 
Published: July 2019

Background
Heart failure is a serious public health concern that afflicts millions of individuals in the United States. Development of behaviors that promote heart failure self-care may be imperative to reduce complications and avoid hospital re-admissions. Mobile health solutions, such as activity trackers and smartphone apps, could potentially help to promote self-care through remote tracking and issuing reminders.

Objective
The objective of this study was to ascertain heart failure patients’ interest in a smartphone app to assist them in managing their treatment and symptoms and to determine factors that influence their interest in such an app.

Methods
In the clinic waiting room on the day of their outpatient clinic appointments, 50 heart failure patients participated in a self-administered survey. The survey comprised 139 questions from previously published, institutional review board–approved questionnaires. The survey measured patients’ interest in and experience using technology as well as their function, heart failure symptoms, and heart failure self-care behaviors. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) was among the 11 questionnaires and was used to measure the heart failure patients’ health-related quality of life through patient-reported outcomes.

Results
Participants were aged 64.5 years on average, 32% (16/50) of the participants were women, and 91% (41/45) of the participants were determined to be New York Heart Association Class II or higher. More than 60% (30/50) of the survey participants expressed interest in several potential features of a smartphone app designed for heart failure patients. Participant age correlated negatively with interest in tracking, tips, and reminders in multivariate regression analysis (P<.05). In contrast, MLHFQ scores (worse health status) produced positive correlations with these interests (P<.05).

Conclusions
The majority of heart failure patients showed interest in activity tracking, heart failure symptom management tips, and reminder features of a smartphone app. Desirable features and an understanding of factors that influence patient interest in a smartphone app for heart failure self-care may allow researchers to address common concerns and to develop apps that demonstrate the potential benefits of mobile technology.
Weight Loss After Stroke Through an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (Group Lifestyle Balance-Cerebrovascular Accident): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Driver Simon , Swank Chad , Froehlich-Grobe Katherine , McShan Evan , Calhoun Stephanie , Bennett Monica 
Published: July 2019

Background
Weight gain can be a consequence of stroke, or cerebrovascular accident (CVA), because of impaired mobility, behavioral and emotional disorders, and sensory losses. Weight gain increases the patient’s risk of recurrent stroke and chronic diseases, such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and pulmonary and heart disease. Approaches to weight loss in this population are lacking, although necessary because of the unique physiological and cognitive needs of persons after a stroke. Evidence shows that intensive behavioral therapy interventions that address both physical activity and diet offer the greatest potential for weight loss. The Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB) intervention is a 12-month, evidence-based weight loss program that has been used extensively with the general population; this program was modified to meet the needs of people who have had a stroke (GLB-CVA).

Objective
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to examine the efficacy of the GLB-CVA on weight and secondary outcomes, compared with that of a waitlist control group.

Methods
This RCT will enroll and randomize 64 patients over an 18-month period.

Results
Currently, 51 people are waitlisted, with 23 out of 51 screened and 16 out of 23 eligible.

Conclusions
It is anticipated that the findings from this RCT will contribute to the evidence base regarding weight loss strategies for people living with stroke.

Clinical Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03873467; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03873467
Characterizing Artificial Intelligence Applications in Cancer Research: A Latent Dirichlet Allocation Analysis
Authors: Tran Bach Xuan , Latkin Carl A , Sharafeldin Noha , Nguyen Katherina , Vu Giang Thu , Tam Wilson W S , Cheung Ngai-Man , Nguyen Huong Lan Thi , Ho Cyrus S H , Ho Roger C M 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI)–based therapeutics, devices, and systems are vital innovations in cancer control; particularly, they allow for diagnosis, screening, precise estimation of survival, informing therapy selection, and scaling up treatment services in a timely manner.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the global trends, patterns, and development of interdisciplinary landscapes in AI and cancer research.MethodsAn exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify research domains emerging from abstract contents. The Jaccard similarity index was utilized to identify the most frequently co-occurring terms. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used for classifying papers into corresponding topics.ResultsFrom 1991 to 2018, the number of studies examining the application of AI in cancer care has grown to 3555 papers covering therapeutics, capacities, and factors associated with outcomes. Topics with the highest volume of publications include (1) machine learning, (2) comparative effectiveness evaluation of AI-assisted medical therapies, and (3) AI-based prediction. Noticeably, this classification has revealed topics examining the incremental effectiveness of AI applications, the quality of life, and functioning of patients receiving these innovations. The growing research productivity and expansion of multidisciplinary approaches are largely driven by machine learning, artificial neural networks, and AI in various clinical practices.ConclusionsThe research landscapes show that the development of AI in cancer care is focused on not only improving prediction in cancer screening and AI-assisted therapeutics but also on improving other corresponding areas such as precision and personalized medicine and patient-reported outcomes.
Development of a Mobile Phone App for Measuring Striking Response Time in Combat Sports: Cross-Sectional Validation Study
Authors: Coswig Victor , Sant' Ana Jader , Coelho Maicon Nascimento , Pereira Moro Antonio Renato , Diefenthaeler Fernando 
Published: July 2019

Background
TReaction is a mobile app developed to determine strike response time at low cost and with easy application in combat sports. However, the validity and accuracy of the response time obtained by the TReaction app has not yet been evaluated.

Objective
This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the TReaction app in measuring motor response time in combat sports.

Methods
A total of two athletes performed 59 strikes to assess the response time upon visual stimulus using the TReaction app simultaneously with a high-speed camera. Accuracy of the measure was verified using a computer simulator programmed to discharge visual stimuli and obtain the response time. Pearson correlation, Student t test for dependent samples, and the Bland-Altman analysis were performed. Accuracy was verified using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Effect size (g) and the typical error of measurement (TEM) were calculated. The significance level was set at P<.05.

Results
No significant difference (P=.56) was found between both systems. The methods presented a very strong correlation (r=0.993). The magnitude of differences was trivial (g<0.25), and TEM was 1.4%. These findings indicate a high accuracy between the computer screen and the mobile app measures to determine the beginning of the task and the response time.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the TReaction app is a valid tool to evaluate the response time in combat sports athletes.
German Mobile Apps in Rheumatology: Review and Analysis Using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS)
Authors: Knitza Johannes , Tascilar Koray , Messner Eva-Maria , Meyer Marco , Vossen Diana , Pulla Almut , Bosch Philipp , Kittler Julia , Kleyer Arnd , Sewerin Philipp , Mucke Johanna , Haase Isabell , Simon David , Krusche Martin 
Published: July 2019

Background
Chronic rheumatic diseases need long-term treatment and professional supervision. Mobile apps promise to improve the lives of patients and physicians. In routine practice, however, rheumatology apps are largely unknown and little is known about their quality and safety.

Objective
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of mobile rheumatology apps currently available in German app stores, evaluate app quality using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS), and compile brief, ready-to-use descriptions for patients and rheumatologists.

Methods
The German App Store and Google Play store were systematically searched to identify German rheumatology mobile apps for patient and physician use. MARS was used to independently assess app quality by 8 physicians, 4 using Android and 4 using iOS smartphones. Apps were randomly assigned so that 4 apps were rated by all raters and the remaining apps were rated by two Android and two iOS users. Furthermore, brief app descriptions including app developers, app categories, and features were compiled to inform potential users and developers.

Results
In total, 128 and 63 apps were identified in the German Google Play and App Store, respectively. After removing duplicates and only including apps that were available in both stores, 28 apps remained. Sixteen apps met the inclusion criteria, which were (1) German language, (2) availability in both app stores, (3) targeting patients or physicians as users, and (4) clearly including rheumatology or rheumatic diseases as subject matter. Exclusion criteria were (1) congress apps and (2) company apps with advertisements. Nine apps addressed patients and 7 apps addressed physicians. No clinical studies to support the effectiveness and safety of apps could be found. Pharmaceutical companies were the main developers of two apps. Rheuma Auszeit was the only app mainly developed by a patient organization. This app had the highest overall MARS score (4.19/5). Three out of 9 patient apps featured validated questionnaires. The median overall MARS score was 3.85/5, ranging from 2.81/5 to 4.19/5. One patient-targeted and one physician-targeted app had MARS scores >4/5. No significant rater gender or platform (iOS/Android) differences could be observed. The overall correlation between app store ratings and MARS scores was low and inconsistent between platforms.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study that systematically identified and evaluated mobile apps in rheumatology for patients and physicians available in German app stores. We found a lack of supporting clinical studies, use of validated questionnaires, and involvement of academic developers. Overall app quality was heterogeneous. To create high-quality apps, closer cooperation led by patients and physicians is vital.
From Mindful Eating to Mindfulness in COPD
Authors: Hâncu Anca , Mihălţan Florin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mindfulness is a complex mental state meaning paying attention to the present moment but non judgemental, practically awareness of present. Developed like a form of mental training, has the objective to replace automatic or reactive modes of mind.
Processes to improve a non-judgemental attitude by mindfulness meditation and cognitive training may relieve psychological distress in COPD, where stigma and self blame, associated with depression are highly prevalent. Mindfulness based trainings could be included as add on treatments in pulmonary rehabilitation programs , with a hope to improve patients self-care and adherence.