bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy in Very Advanced (T4) Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Real-World Study
Authors: Jiang Ke , Fang Qi , Cao Fei , Xu Pengfei , Xie Haojun , Li Yin , Hu Ang , Li Qiuli , Wu Di , Liu Xuekui , Yang Ankui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in patients with very advanced (T4) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), while also exploring outcomes in the specific subgroup of T4b stage patients.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 87 initially diagnosed T4 HNSCC patients who received neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy between April 2020 and March 2023 at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. The primary endpoint of this study was overall survival (OS) and the secondary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS).
Results
The overall response rate (ORR) after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy was 75.8%, with 10.3% achieving a complete response (CR) and 69.0% achieving a partial response (PR). The 1-year and 3-year OS rates for the total cohort were 90.8% and 66.7%, while the 1-year and 3-year EFS rates were 81.3% and 56.0%, respectively. Cox regression analyses indicated that receiving 3–4 cycles of treatment, pretreatment clinical N0 stage, and favorable radiographic responses (CR and PR) were significantly associated with improved OS and EFS. Remarkably, among the 12 T4b patients, 11 (91.7%) achieved a PR while one experienced stable disease (SD). Furthermore, 8 T4b patients (66.7%) were converted to resectable status, and 5 of them underwent surgical treatment following neoadjuvant therapy. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 7 patients (8.0%).
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy demonstrates promising survival outcomes and manageable toxicity in very advanced T4 HNSCC patients, highlighting its potential as an effective treatment strategy for this challenging subgroup.
myoCardial work &amp; Right ventricle Strain In Sepsis (CRiSIS): new investigations in critical care echocardiography
Authors: Sanderson Thomas , Samuels Theophilus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The understanding of sepsis-related changes in myocardial function is evolving. This study aimed to determine whether myocardial work (MW) and right ventricular free wall strain (RV FWS) were associated with 30-day mortality in critically ill patients presenting with sepsis.
Methods
We conducted a single-centre prospective observational cohort pilot study to investigate MW and RV FWS in patients with sepsis. Measurements were recorded for 32 patients on days 1 and 3 of admission: 22 (69%) survivors and 10 (31%) non-survivors at 30 days. We used permutation tests, nonparametric bootstrapping and Bayesian analysis to interpret these effects.
Results
A significant difference in global work efficiency (GWE) was identified on day 3, with survivors showing higher GWE (94%, IQR 91-95%) compared to non-survivors (88.5%, IQR 85-92%; p = 0.02, BF10 = 1.44). No significant differences in interval changes in MW or RV FWS were found. Bayesian analysis supported a possible difference in global work index (GWI) and global constructive work (GCW) between survivors and non-survivors on day 1 and for GWI on day 3. GWI, GCW, and GWE strongly correlated with LVEF and GLS, while the relationship with global wasted work (GWW) was weaker.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate MW in critical care patients presenting with sepsis. The observed decrease in GWE in non-survivors on day 3 was mostly due to an increase in GWW, for which there are several possible mechanistic explanations that are potential targets for future research or therapeutic intervention.
Trial Registration
Prospectively and publicly registered on the ISRCTN registry (23174569) on 12/04/2021.
Hands-on Activities and Their Influence on Students’ Interest in Biology as a Subject in Technical Colleges in Lagos State
Authors: Sowunmi Kehinde , Abiodun Raji Farouk , Ashirafdeen Bello Abiola , Enoch Ajao Iyanu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This research study examines the impact of hands-on activities on students' level of interest. Specifically, we investigated whether students who have engaged in specific hands-on activities exhibit a greater interest in those activities compared to students who have not had such experiences. Additionally, we explored the relationship between the quality of hands-on experiences and the level of interest in the corresponding activities. We focused on 28 common hands-on activities in biology education, categorized as experimentation, dissection, work with microscopes, and classification. Questionnaires were completed by a total of 141 students from four trade (Catering Craft, Garment Making, Computer Craft and Graphics Art) courses in five technical colleges in Lagos state, addressing their interest in the hands-on activities, their prior experience with each activity, and the quality of their respective experiences. The results of our study indicate that engaging in hands-on activities generally tends to enhance students' interest in experimenting, working with microscopes, dissecting, and classifying. However, we observed that the influence of specific hands-on activities on students' interests varied. Among the hands-on activities considered, seven demonstrated a positive effect on interest when students had prior hands-on experience, while in one instance, practical work seemed to negatively affect students' interest. Nevertheless, for most hands-on activities, we did not find a significant impact of prior experience on interest. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the quality of hands-on experiences and students' interest in the corresponding activities. Based on these findings, we argue in favour of designing biology lessons that incorporate hands-on activities aligned with students' interests. It is essential to investigate the effects of different hands-on activities in a nuanced and differentiated manner, as highlighted by our study's outcomes.
Precision Control of Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Bladder Regulation via Evoked Compound Action Potential Feedback Mechanisms
Authors: Park Sung-Min , Lim Young-Soo , Kim Ji Hong , Kim Junho , Hoang MinhDuc , Kang Wonok , Park Steve , Jeong Unyong , Kim Do Hwan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Optimizing stimulation protocols for peripheral neuromodulation often depends on patient feedback, which can result in inconsistent clinical outcomes. Here we present a closed-loop control system for peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) that utilizes evoked compound action potential (ECAP) feedback to regulate stimulation parameters, addressing the limitations of traditional methods. Unlike established closed-loop control techniques in the central nervous system, such as local field potential and spike analysis, a comparable approach for the peripheral nervous system remains underdeveloped. ECAPs can be consistently observed across peripheral nerves, providing a reliable measure of nerve activation. We developed a fully implantable device and neural interface for tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) that incorporates the proposed closed-loop system. This TNS system shows promise as a PNS treatment for alleviating overactive bladder symptoms. In a rat model, the system demonstrated longer micturition intervals and greater effectiveness compared to conventional motor response-based control.
Effect of an Aggressive New Race Broomrape (Orobanche Cumana L.) on Agronomical and Technological Traits of the Sunflower in Mediterranean Environments
Authors: KILIÇ Yücel , GOKSOY Abdurrahim Tanju 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the most important edible oil crop in Turkey as 85% of the edible oil consumed is made from it. A major limiting factor in sunflower-producing countries is infestation by the parasitic plant Orobanche cumana. In all regions of Turkey where sunflower is grown, sunflower plants exhibiting various degrees of infestation by this parasite and various invasive groups of this parasite have been observed. The aim of this study was to assess the tolerance of sunflower varieties to the new aggressive parasitic race and to determine its effect on agronomical and technological traits of the sunflower. Our results over a two-year study of agronomically important traits indicate that the hybrids, HA-4 and HA-5, are fully resistant to the parasite under field conditions and had significantly higher seed yield and oil content than the standards. Therefore, new sources of genetic resistance and herbicide-resistant sunflower hybrids are required against highly invasive races for this region.
Crystalline Keteniminyl Anions
Authors: Wang Xin-Feng , Wei Rui , Liang Qiuming , Hu Chaopeng , Liu Liu Leo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of keteniminyl anions [R1C = C = NR2]−, a hitherto uncharted functional group, are the primary focus of this study. Our comprehensive analyses, including NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and density functional theory calculations, have illuminated the distinct electronic characteristics of these anions. They are characterized by their nucleophilic/basic anionic carbon and π electrons, which are extensively delocalized along the PCCN chain. These anions undergo a range of facile reactions, such as protonation, alkylation, silylation, and metalation at the carbon site, leading to various ketenimine derivatives. They also participate in hydroamination reactions, yielding amino enamide functional groups. Additionally, the phosphino substituent in keteniminyl anions acts as a previously underappreciated weak π-electron acceptor when the phosphorus atom is in a pyramidalized state, thereby facilitating the stabilization of the electron-rich anionic carbon. The isolation of phosphino and thiophosphino keteniminyl anions not only represents a significant synthetic achievement but also heralds the potential for the future isolation of novel electron-rich species featuring phosphino substituents.
Hypnosis in Sexual Trauma Recovery: A Network Meta-Analysis of Anxiety, PTSD, and Relationship Quality
Authors: Hui-Ting Tsai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of different hypnotherapy approaches in aiding recovery from sexual trauma, focusing on anxiety reduction, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom management, and improvements in intimate relationship quality. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare the relative efficacy of traditional hypnosis, cognitive-behavioral hypnosis, and self-hypnosis. Results indicate that cognitive-behavioral hypnosis provides the greatest benefit in reducing PTSD symptoms, while traditional hypnosis is most effective in alleviating anxiety and enhancing intimate relationship quality.
Development of a framework for assessing climate risk in water supply and its computation for the Districts of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Kabir Yusuf , Kumar M. Dinesh , Ghodke Anand , Vharkat Balaji , PNA Vaishnavi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The paper discusses the development of a composite index for assessing the risks faced by rural communities because of disruptions in water supply caused by natural hazards such as droughts, floods, and landslides. The various parameters considered for developing the three dimensions of the risk index, namely, hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, the rationale for choosing those parameters, and the manner in which these parameters influence them are discussed. The index uses 29 variables: five for hazard, 15 for exposure, and the remaining nine for vulnerability. The variables are natural, physical, socioeconomic, and institutional or policy-related. The quantitative criteria for assigning values for various parameters and the analytical procedure for computing the sub-indices and the final risk index are also discussed. The paper also presents the results of a mapping of climate-induced risk to water supply in 35 districts of the state of Maharashtra in western India, done using district level data on the various parameters concerned, and identifying the district where water supply systems are highly prone to climate-induced risks.
Fanzines como aliados na Educação Interdisciplinar em Saúde para Crianças e Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Ferreira Rejane Eleuterio , Santos Juliana Caroline Ferreira dos , Viana Verônica Pinheiro 
Published: November 2024

O Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 é uma doença endócrino-metabólica de maior incidência em crianças e adolescentes com um custo elevado para o sistema público de saúde, sobretudo em pacientes com mau controle metabólico. A educação em saúde interdisciplinar desempenha um papel fundamental no manejo eficaz do diabetes nesse grupo etário, capacitando-os e suas famílias com conhecimentos essenciais sobre dieta, monitoramento glicêmico e estilo de vida saudável. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo terá como objetivo geral propor a construção de um Fanzine, em colaboração com a equipe multidisciplinar, no contexto de um ambulatório hospitalar, visando a proposição de uma estratégia de educação em saúde destinada a crianças e adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 e como objetivos específicos identificar os temas mais relevantes relacionados à educação em saúde com crianças, adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e seus familiares; apresentar o Fanzine como uma tecnologia educacional com possibilidade de uso na educação em saúde com crianças e adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1; e construir um Fanzine, em colaboração com a equipe multidisciplinar, no contexto de um serviço ambulatorial de um hospital pediátrico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, que tem como cenário o Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Os participantes da pesquisa serão profissionais do ambulatório de Diabetes do Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira que realizam educação em saúde com crianças, adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 junto aos seus familiares e/ou cuidadores. A produção de dados será por meio de grupo focal e os dados passaram por análise temática de conteúdo.
Palavras-Chave: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1; Educação em Saúde; Crianças e Adolescentes; Equipe Multidisciplinar.
Elucidating the Mechanisms of Astragalus Membranaceus in Colorectal Cancer Patients through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Shuwei , Tang Jiandong , Li Gan , He Songbing 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Astragalus membranaceus has shown positive clinical efficacy
in treating colorectal cancer (CRC).

Objective:
This study aimed to identify the key active components of Astragalus and determine
effective targets of these components in CRC patients.

Methods:
We identified active components of Astragalus membranaceus and differentially
expressed genes in traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database
and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Additionally, the enrichment analysis of differential target
genes (DTGs) was performed using the R-package clusterProfiler. Immunocyte correlation
analysis and non-coding regulatory network construction were performed for
biomarkers using Spearman’s method and NetworkAnalyst. Finally, molecular docking
of biomarkers and their corresponding molecule drugs was done with Autodock Vina
software.

Results:
We identified 20 active components of Astragalus membranaceus and 1 403 target
genes through screening. A total of 2 300 differentially expressed genes, and 3 035
hub genes in CRC were screened. The integration of the target genes with the significantly
differentially expressed genes and Hub genes identified resulted in a total of 86 DTGs.
Subsequently, the results showed 828 enriched GO biological processes, 184 enriched
GO molecular functions, 59 enriched GO cellular components, and 46 enriched
KEGG pathways. We also obtained a total of 143 PPI pairs involving 67 nodes. Additionally,
we constructed 45 mRNA-TF pairs, 101 miRNA-mRNA pairs, and 200 miRNA-
mRNA-TF triplets. Finally, molecular docking was performed for the active component
quercetin with F2 and UGT1A1 and formic acid with FGA, AHSG, and KNG1.

Conclusion:
This study identified the active components of Astragalus membranaceus
and their corresponding targets in CRC. These findings provide robust evidence for precision
drug therapy in patients with CRC.
Molecular Mechanisms of GFAP and PTPRC in Alzheimer's Disease: An Analysis of Neuroinflammatory Response and Progression
Authors: Huang Jingyue , Pang Xinping , Yang Hongmei , Gao Chonghao , Wang Dongxiao , Sun Yue , Taishi Yezi , Pang Chaoyang 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder that progressively
worsens. Although its exact causes are not fully understood, new research indicates that
genes related to non-neuronal cells change significantly with age, playing key roles in AD's pathology.
METHOD: This study focuses on a protein network centered on Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
(GFAP) and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C (PTPRC).

Method:
This study focuses on a protein network centered on Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
(GFAP) and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C (PTPRC).

The Key Findings of this Study Include:
1. A significant correlation was observed between GFAP
and PTPRC expression throughout AD progression, which links closely with clinical phenotypes
and suggests their role in AD pathology. 2. A molecular network centered on GFAP and PTPRC,
including Catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1) and Integrin Beta 2 (ITGB2), showed distinct changes in interactions,
highlighting its regulatory role in AD. 3. Analysis of GSE5281 data revealed a decline in
the interaction strength within this network, pointing to potential desynchronization as a biomarker
for AD. 4. SVM diagnostic models comparing GFAP expression and coupling values confirmed this
desynchronization, suggesting it worsens with AD progression.

Result:
Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that as AD progresses, the GFAP- and PTPRCcentered
molecular framework undergoes significant changes affecting key biological pathways.
These changes disrupt immune regulation and cellular functions, increasing immune cell activation
and inflammation in the brain. This may impair neuronal communication and synaptic functionality,
exacerbating AD's pathology.

Conclusion:
To verify these findings, Support Vector Machine (SVM) diagnostic models and correlation
analyses were used to examine changes in this network, indicating that its dysregulation significantly
affects AD progression.
Enhanced Detection of Gastrointestinal Malignancies using Machine Learning-Optimized Liquid Biopsy: A Mini Review
Authors: M. Shankar Ganesh , N. Venkateswaramurthy 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent some of the most common and lethal malignancies globally, underscoring the urgent need for improved diagnostic strategies. Traditional diagnostic methods, while effective to some degree, are often invasive and unsuit-able for regular screenings.

Objective:
This review article explores integrating machine learning (ML) with liquid biopsy techniques as a revolutionary approach to enhance the detection and monitoring of GI cancers. Liquid biopsies offer a non-invasive alternative for cancer detection through the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and other biomarkers, which when combined with ML, can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.

Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive review of recent advancements in liquid biopsy and ML, focusing on their synergistic potential in the early detection of GI cancers. The review addresses the application of next-generation sequencing and digital droplet PCR in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of liquid biopsies.

Results:
Machine learning algorithms have demonstrated remarkable ability in navigating complex datasets and identifying diagnostically significant patterns in ctDNA and other circu-lating biomarkers. Innovations such as machine learning-enhanced "fragmentomics" and tomographic phase imaging flow cytometry illustrate significant strides in non-invasive cancer diagnostics, offering enhanced detection capabilities with high accuracy

Conclusion:
The integration of ML in liquid biopsy represents a transformative step in the early detection and personalized treatment of GI cancers. Future research should focus on overcoming current limitations, such as the heterogeneity of tumor-derived genetic materials and the standardization of liquid biopsy protocols, to fully realize the potential of this technol-ogy in clinical settings.
Triazole scaffold-based DPP-IV Inhibitors for the management of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: Insight into Molecular Docking and SAR
Authors: Shamim Saniya , Alam Ozair , Jha Mukund , Nazar Shagufi , Mathur Vishal , Ali Shaheen , Iliyas Anam , Chandra Kailash , Jamil Ahmed Shaikh Mohd. Aatif , Naim Mohd. Javed , Parveen Bushra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus, characterized as a chronic metabolic disorder or a polygenic syndrome;
is increasing at a very fast pace among every group of the population worldwide. It arises
due to the inability of the body to produce enough insulin (the hormone responsible for controlling
blood sugar levels) or inability to utilize the insulin, leading to hyperglycaemic condition, which, if
left uncontrolled gives rise to chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications like retinopathy,
neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, cognitive impairment, etc. Several
therapeutic approaches are available for the treatment of diabetes; among which dipeptidyl peptidase
(DPP-IV) inhibitors (gliptins) hold a significant place. DPP-IV is a multifunctional enzyme or
a serine exopeptidase that plays an imperative role in cleaving bioactive molecules. DPP-IV causes
the breakdown of incretin hormone (GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1 and GIP: Glucose-dependent
insulinotropic peptide) that is essential for controlling glycaemic levels in the body. Inhibition of
DPP-IV enzyme (DPP-IV inhibitors: Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, Alogliptin) prevents this
breakdown, thereby controlling blood glucose levels and saving the patients from deleterious effects
of prolonged hyperglycaemic conditions. Triazole-based DPP-IV inhibitors are a significant
class of drugs used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus in a dose-dependent manner. Clinical trials
have demonstrated their efficacy as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents.
This review highlights the molecular docking studies and structure-activity relationship of potential
synthetic derivatives that may act as lead molecules for future drug discovery and yield drug molecules
with enhanced efficacy, potency and reduced toxicity profile.