bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAD strategy in the TAVR era
Authors: Davidson Laura J. , Davidson Charles J. 
Published: February 2019

Key Points
The optimal revascularization strategy for CAD in the TAVR population is not well‐defined and decisions about which patients require PCI have been largely operator dependent or based on SYNTAX score.
In a TAVR population, complete revascularization does not improve short or long term mortality, but is associated with decreased acute myocardial infarction and revascularization, when compared with incomplete revascularization.
Future prospective studies should evaluate revascularization strategies in TAVR patients, including considering functional lesion assessment with fractional flow reserve, especially as TAVR indications are likely to soon expand to a younger and healthier cohort.
The Aortix device: Support in a tube
Authors: Anouti Khalil , Gray William 
Published: February 2019

Key Points
The use of percutaneous mechanical support devices is becoming more embedded within the therapeutic armamentarium for patients presenting with decompensated heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and patients undergoing high risk PCI.
The Aortix device offers a new approach to percutaneous support that appears to be safe to implement and overcomes some of the drawbacks of the extant devices.
Further investigation remains warranted to evaluate its ultimate utility and place among the approach to the patient in need of circulatory support.
Understanding the Impact of Bismuth Heterovalent Doping on the Structural and Photophysical Properties of CH3NH3PbBr3 Halide Perovskite Crystals with Near‐IR Photoluminescence
Authors: Meng Rui , Wu Guangbao , Zhou Jiyu , Zhou Huiqiong , Fang Honghua , Loi Maria A. , Zhang Yuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA comprehensive study unveiling the impact of heterovalent doping with Bi3+ on the structural, semiconductive, and photoluminescent properties of a single crystal of lead halide perovskites (CH3NH3PbBr3) is presented. As indicated by single‐crystal XRD, a perfect cubic structure in Bi3+‐doped CH3NH3PbBr3 crystals is maintained in association with a slight lattice contraction. Time‐resolved and power‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy illustrates a progressively quenched PL of visible emission, alongside the appearance of a new PL signal in the near‐infrared (NIR) regime, which is likely to be due to energy transfer to the Bi sites. These optical characteristics indicate the role of Bi3+ dopants as nonradiative recombination centers, which explains the observed transition from bimolecular recombination in pristine CH3NH3PbBr3 to a dominant trap‐assisted monomolecular recombination with Bi3+ doping. Electrically, it is found that the mobility in pristine perovskite crystals can be boosted with a low Bi3+ concentration, which may be related to a trap‐filling mechanism. Aided by temperature (T)‐dependent measurements, two temperature regimes are observed in association with different activation energies (Ea) for electrical conductivity. The reduction of Ea at lower T may be ascribed to suppression of ionic conduction induced by doping. The modified electrical properties and NIR emission with the control of Bi3+ concentration shed light on the opportunity to apply heterovalent doping of perovskite single crystals for NIR optoelectronic applications.
Structural Insights into Peptides Bound to the Surface of Silica Nanopores
Authors: Brodrecht Martin , Kumari Bharti , Thankamony A. S. Sofia Lilly , Breitzke Hergen , Gutmann Torsten , Buntkowsky Gerd 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe structure and surface functionalization of biologically relevant silica‐based hybrid materials was investigated by 2D solid‐state NMR techniques combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). This approach was applied to a model system of mesoporous silica, which was modified through in‐pore grafting of small peptides by solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). To prove the covalent binding of the peptides on the surface, DNP‐enhanced solid‐state NMR was used for the detection of 15N NMR signals in natural abundance. DNP‐enhanced heterocorrelation experiments with frequency switched Lee–Goldburg homonuclear proton decoupling (1H–13C and 1H–15N CP MAS FSLG HETCOR) were performed to verify the primary structure and configuration of the synthesized peptides. 1H FSLG spectra and 1H‐29Si FSLG HETCOR correlation spectra were recorded to investigate the orientation of the amino acid residues with respect to the silica surface. The combination of these NMR techniques provides detailed insights into the structure of amino acid functionalized hybrid compounds and allows for the understanding for each synthesis step during the in‐pore SPPS.
Diastereoselective Control of Tetraphenylethene Reactivity by Metal Template Self‐Assembly
Authors: Kennedy Aaron D. W. , de Haas Nicholas , Iranmanesh Hasti , Luis Ena T. , Shen Chao , Wang Pi , Price Jason R. , Donald William A. , Andréasson Joakim , Huang Feihe , Beves Jonathon E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe reaction of 4,4′,4′′,4′′′‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetraaniline with 2‐pyridinecarboxaldehyde and iron(II) chloride resulted, after aqueous workup, in the diastereoselective formation of an [Fe2L3]4+ triple‐stranded helicate structure, irrespective of the stoichiometry employed. The helicate structure was characterized in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and in the solid state by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The reaction of iron(II) tetrafluoroborate or iron(II) bistriflimide with the tetraaniline and 2‐pyridinecarboxaldehyde allowed the formation of an [Fe8L6]16+ cube when the appropriate stoichiometry was used, but these structures were unstable with respect to hydrolysis. The pendant amine groups on the helicate can be functionalized by reaction with acid chlorides or anhydrides, and the resulting functionalized tetraphenylethene (TPE) units were isolated by the reaction of the helicate with tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine. The emission properties of the TPE units were studied in THF/water mixtures, and they were found by dynamic light scattering to self‐assemble into large (av. diameter 250 nm) structures.
All Non‐Carbon B3NO2 Exotic Heterocycles: Synthesis, Dynamics, and Catalysis
Authors: Opie Christopher R. , Noda Hidetoshi , Shibasaki Masakatsu , Kumagai Naoya 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe B3NO2 six‐membered heterocycle (1,3‐dioxa‐5‐aza‐2,4,6‐triborinane=DATB), comprising three different non‐carbon period 2 elements, has been recently demonstrated to be a powerful catalyst for dehydrative condensation of carboxylic acids and amines. The tedious synthesis of DATB, however, has significantly diminished its utility as a catalyst, and thus the inherent chemical properties of the ring system have remained virtually unexplored. Here, a general and facile synthetic strategy that harnesses a pyrimidine‐containing scaffold for the reliable installation of boron atoms is disclosed, giving rise to a series of Pym‐DATBs from inexpensive materials in a modular fashion. The identification of a soluble Pym‐DATB derivative allowed for the investigation of the dynamic nature of the B3NO2 ring system, revealing differential ring‐closing and ‐opening behaviors depending on the medium. Readily accessible Pym‐DATBs proved their utility as efficient catalysts for dehydrative amidation with broad substrate scope and functional‐group tolerance, offering a general and practical catalytic alternative to reagent‐driven amidation.
SEC‐H5: Secure and efficient integration of settings of enhanced HTML5 XSS vector defensive framework on edge network of fog nodes
Authors: Gupta Shashank , Sharma Monika , Kumar Dhrub 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe authors introduce an enhanced HTML5 (H5) Cross‐Site Scripting (H5‐XSS) attack vector defensive model that safeguards and maintains the confidentiality of users accessing the web applications hosted on the fog nodes. Initially, the model performs in self‐training manner and estimates some features of H5 script code at the simulated desktop host systems of cloud infrastructure. Second, a process of H5 feature estimation gets re‐executed for the online generated HTTP response on the edge network of fog device. Any oddity in these two features sets results in the consequent nested context‐familiar sanitization of the distrustful script code on an installed fog nodes. The author design their framework structure on an open application infrastructural structure of Cisco IOx framework of various networked edge devices as fog nodes. The authors configure the tested bed of H5 web platforms on the nodes of the fog computing network for evaluating the malicious script alleviation capability of their model. Evaluation outcomes expose that the author's technique is skilled sufficient for sensing and excluding the suspicious H5 code with sufferable percentage of False Negatives (FNs), False Positives (FPs), and reduced overall performance overhead during the peak congestion of generation of sanitized HTTP response on the fog nodes.
Early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder features in a nonclinical sample: A network analysis
Authors: Esmaeilian Nasrin , Dehghani Mohsen , Koster Ernst H.W. , Hoorelbeke Kristof 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a challenging problem. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are considered as important vulnerability factors for the development and maintenance of BPD. Literature suggests a complex relationship between BPD and EMSs. The current study employed network analysis to model the complex associations between central BPD features (i.e., affective instability, identity problems, negative relations, and self‐harm) and EMSs in 706 undergraduate students. The severity of BPD symptoms was assessed using the Personality Assessment Inventory—Borderline subscale; the Young Schema Questionnaire—Short Form was used to assess EMSs. Results suggest that specific EMSs show unique associations with different BPD features. Interestingly, affective instability showed no unique associations with EMSs. Identity problems were uniquely associated with abandonment, insufficient self‐control, dependence/incompetence, and vulnerability to harm/illness schemas. Negative relations in BPD showed unique connections with mistrust/abuse and abandonment. Finally, BPD self‐harm was connected to emotional deprivation and failure. These findings indicate potential pathways between EMSs and specific BPD features that could improve our understanding of BPD theoretically and clinically.
Lithium Photo‐intercalation of CdS‐Sensitized WO3 Anode for Energy Storage and Photoelectrochromic Applications
Authors: Wang Zhuoran , Chiu Hsien‐Chieh , Paolella Andrea , Zaghib Karim , Demopoulos George P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntegration of solar‐energy harvesting and storage functions has attracted significant research attention, as it holds promise for ultimate development of light‐chargeable devices. In this context, a functional nanocomposite anode that not only permits electrochemical energy storage through Li‐ion photo‐intercalation, but also exhibits potential for photoelectrochromic applications, was investigated. The nanocomposite is made of the Li‐ion intercalation compound WO3, thinly coated with TiO2 and sensitized by the photoactive semiconductor CdS. During light exposure, the photoelectrons from CdS are transported to the WO3/electrolyte interface, where Li‐ion intercalation takes place. Photoelectron transport is facilitated by the interfacial TiO2 layer. The WO3 was shown to be functional in multiple photocharge–discharge cycles, but the CdS suffers from degradation and photocorrosion. Hence, the selection of compatible semiconductors and protective coating strategies should be pursued to overcome these issues.
Gall bladder: The metabolic orchestrator
Authors: Qi Li , Tian Yu , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIt is commonly held that the gall bladder (GB) is not indispensable for life. However, recent studies strongly suggest that GB removal can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). With the recent recognition of the role of bile acids (BAs) in systemic metabolic regulation, it is worthwhile to re‐examine the function of the GB, which can be regarded as the physiological “pacemaker” of BA flow. Thus, in the present study, we review the role of the GB in BA flow regulation, describe the epidemiologic evidence that associates cholecystectomy with various components of MetS, and discuss the possible mechanism behind these connections in order to demonstrate the pivotal role that GB plays in metabolic regulation.
Comparing self‐harming intentions underlying eating disordered behaviors and NSSI: Evidence that distinctions are less clear than assumed
Authors: Fox Kathryn R. , Wang Shirley B. , Boccagno Chelsea , Haynos Ann F. , Kleiman Evan , Hooley Jill M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveEating disordered (ED) behaviors (i.e., binge eating, compensatory behaviors, restrictive eating) and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI; intentional and nonsuicidal self‐harm) are highly comorbid and share several similarities, including consequent pain and physical damage. However, whereas NSSI is considered direct self‐harm, ED behaviors are considered indirect self‐harm. These distinctions stem from theoretical understanding that NSSI is enacted to cause physical harm in the moment, whereas ED behaviors are enacted for other reasons, with consequent physical harm occurring downstream of the behaviors. We sought to build on these theoretically informed classifications by assessing a range of self‐harming intentions across NSSI and ED behaviors.MethodStudy recruitment was conducted via online forums. After screening for inclusion criteria, 151 adults reported on their intent to and knowledge of causing physical harm in the short‐ and long‐term and suicide and death related cognitions and intentions when engaging in NSSI and specific ED behaviors.ResultsParticipants reported engaging in ED and NSSI behaviors with intent to hurt themselves physically in the moment and long‐term, alongside thoughts of suicide, and with some hope and knowledge of dying sooner due to these behaviors. Distinctions across behaviors also emerged. Participants reported greater intent to cause physical harm in the moment via NSSI and in the long‐run via restrictive eating. NSSI and restrictive eating were associated with stronger endorsement of most suicide and death‐related intentions than binge eating or compensatory behaviors.ConclusionsFindings shed light on classification of self‐harming behaviors, casting doubt that firm boundaries differentiate direct and indirectly self‐harming behaviors.
Emotional feeding as interpersonal emotion regulation: A developmental risk factor for binge‐eating behaviors
Authors: Christensen Kara A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEmotional feeding is an interpersonal emotion regulation strategy wherein people provide food to others as a means of influencing the recipient's emotional response. Parental emotional feeding has been linked to higher levels of emotional eating in children and adolescents using cross‐sectional, retrospective, and prospective designs; however, there is little research on emotional feeding as a developmental risk factor for emotional eating and binge‐eating behaviors in adolescence and adulthood. This Idea Worth Researching article explores the rationale for studying emotional feeding as a lifespan construct and its potential implications for understanding eating disorder pathology. Specifically, it offers suggestions for examining emotional feeding as a predictor of emotional eating and binge‐eating behavior across the lifespan, assessing potential intergenerational transmission pathways, and researching similarities in feeding styles and emotional eating across a variety of relationships beyond the parent–child dyad.
Negative frequency‐dependent growth underlies the stable coexistence of two cosmopolitan aquatic plants
Authors: Armitage David W. , Jones Stuart E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIdentifying and quantifying the mechanisms influencing species coexistence remains a major challenge for the study of community ecology. These mechanisms, which stem from species’ differential responses to competition and their environments, promote coexistence if they give each species a growth advantage when rare. Yet despite the widespread assumption that co‐occurring species stably coexist, there have been few empirical demonstrations in support of this claim. Likewise, coexistence is often assumed to result from interspecific differences in life‐history traits, but the relative contributions of these trait differences to coexistence are rarely quantified, particularly across environmental gradients. Using two widely co‐occurring and ecologically similar species of freshwater duckweed plants (Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor), we tested hypotheses that interspecific differences in facultative dormancy behaviors, thermal reaction norms, and density‐dependent growth promote coexistence between these species, and that their relative influences on coexistence change as average temperatures and fluctuations around them vary. In competition experiments, we found strong evidence for negative frequency‐dependent growth across a range of both static and fluctuating temperatures, suggesting a critical role of fluctuation‐independent stabilization in coexistence. This negative frequency dependence could be explained by our observation that for both species, intraspecific competition was over 1.5 times stronger than interspecific competition, granting each species a low‐density growth advantage. Using an empirically parameterized competition model, we found that while coexistence was facilitated by environmental fluctuations, fluctuation‐independent stabilization via negative frequency dependence was crucial for coexistence. Conversely, the temporal storage effect, an important fluctuation‐dependent mechanism, was relatively weak in comparison. Contrary to expectations, differences in the species’ thermal reaction norms and dormancy behaviors did not significantly promote coexistence in fluctuating environments. Our results highlight how coexistence in two ubiquitous and ostensibly similar aquatic plants is not necessarily a product of their most obvious interspecific differences, and instead results from subtle niche differences causing negative frequency‐dependent growth, which acts consistently on both species across environmental gradients.
Magnetic digital microfluidics on a bioinspired surface for point‐of‐care diagnostics of infectious disease
Authors: Kanitthamniyom Pojchanun , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMagnetic digital microfluidics uses magnetic force to manipulate droplets on a Teflon‐coated substrate through the added magnetic particles. To achieve a wide range of droplet manipulation, hydrophilic patterns, known as surface energy traps, are introduced onto the Teflon‐coated hydrophobic substrate. However, the Teflon‐coated substrate is difficult to modify because it is nonwettable, and existing techniques for patterning surface energy traps have many limitations. Inspired by the mussel adhesion mechanism, we use polydopamine, a bioinspired substance that adheres strongly to almost any materials, to pattern surface energy traps on the Teflon‐coated substrate with a great ease. We have optimized the polydopamine coating protocol and characterized the surface properties of the polydopamine surface energy traps. Droplet operations including particle extraction, liquid dispensing, liquid shaping, and cross‐platform transfer have been demonstrated on the polydopamine surface energy trap‐enabled magnetic digital microfluidic platform in both single‐plate and two‐plate configurations. Furthermore, the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen using ELISA has been demonstrated on the new magnetic dgitial microfluidic platform. This new bioinspired magnetic digital microfluidic platform is easy to fabricate and operate, showing a great potential for point‐of‐care applications.
Paleomedicine and the use of plant secondary compounds in the Paleolithic and Early Neolithic
Authors: Hardy Karen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractReconstructing plant use before domestication is challenging due to a lack of evidence. Yet, on the small number of sites with assemblages, the wide range of different plant species cannot be explained simply in terms of nutrition. Assemblages from the Lower Paleolithic to the Early Neolithic were examined to investigate the relative edible and medicinal properties of the plants. The assemblages contain a mixture of edible species, plants that are both edible and medicinal, and plants with only medicinal properties. The proportion of medicinal plants at all sites is well above the natural average and increases over time. Mechanisms for preventing intestinal parasitic infections are common among animals and together with chimpanzees’ preventative and curative self‐medication practices suggest an evolutionary context for this behavior. A broad‐spectrum approach to plant collection is likely to have been in place throughout the Paleolithic driven, in part, by the need for medicinal compounds.
WTI crude oil option implied VaR and CVaR: An empirical application
Authors: Barone‐Adesi Giovanni , Finta Marinela Adriana , Legnazzi Chiara , Sala Carlo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUsing option market data we derive naturally forward‐looking, nonparametric and model‐free risk estimates, three desired characteristics hardly obtainable using historical returns. The option‐implied measures are only based on the first derivative of the option price with respect to the strike price, bypassing the difficult task of estimating the tail of the return distribution. We estimate and backtest the 1%, 2.5%, and 5% WTI crude oil futures option‐implied value at risk and conditional value at risk for the turbulent years 2011–2016 and for both tails of the distribution. Compared with risk estimations based on the filtered historical simulation methodology, our results show that the option‐implied risk metrics are valid alternatives to the statistically based historical models.
Detection and localization of chamber tombs in the environs of ancient Olympia, Peloponnese, Greece, based on a combination of archaeological survey and geophysical prospection
Authors: Obrocki Lea , Eder Birgitta , Gehrke Hans‐Joachim , Lang Franziska , Vött Andreas , Willershäuser Timo , Rusch Katharina , Wilken Dennis , Hatzi‐Spiliopoulou Georgia , Kolia Erofili‐Iris , Vikatou Olympia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMycenaean chamber tombs are composed of air‐filled burial cavities and, therefore, can be detected by non‐invasive geophysical methods. In this study, an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)‐based approach was used to detect graves at three different sites in the area surrounding ancient Olympia. We collected ERT data at the necropolis of Mageiras‐Kioupia, where a number of chamber tombs had already been located and partly excavated in order to ground‐truth the ERT response for chamber tombs in different states of preservation. Near the village of Epitalio, a preceding archaeological survey discovered remains of a one chamber tomb in mid‐slope position of a larger hill. There, we applied the ERT‐approach, calibrated at Mageiras‐Kioupia, to the tomb and detected ten more tomb candidates at this site. In addition to ERT, we carried out ground penetrating radar (GPR) studies at the Epitalio site. In general GPR, data are highly consistent with ERT results. We were thus able to localize an unknown, most probably Mycenaean cemetery where no systematic archaeological information previously existed. In the third area of investigation, the Dartisa plateau, no potential chamber tomb comparable to the ones excavated and measured at Mageiras‐Kioupia and Epitalio were identified.