bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid-solid intercalation and optical properties of VO-8-hydroxyquinoline decoration of layered silicate magadiite
Authors: Zhang Yifu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCoordination of vanadyl (VO2+) ions with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8Hq) in the interlayer space of layered silicate magadiite (mag) was realized by solid-solid intercalation. Composition, structure and morphology of this compound were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The obtained results indicate that the basal spacing of decorated mag increased after intercalation and suggest that VO-8Hq decorated into the interlayer of mag (VO-mag-8Hq) was successfully synthesized for the first time. Optical properties of VO-mag-8Hq were studied by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The findings reveal that VO-8Hq complexes in the interlayer space exhibit extraordinary fluorescence properties and the confined space of mag influences the optical properties of VO-8Hq complexes.
Local temperature rise during the electron beam characterization Calculation model for the AlxGa1-xN at low dimensions
Authors: Leghrib Lazhar , Nouiri Abdelkader 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
During the characterization by electron beam techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM) and cathodoluminescence at low dimensions, some undesirable phenomena (unwanted effects) can be created, like the thermal effects (or electron beam damage), and these effects can damage the sample. This limits the information one can get from a sample or reduces image spatial resolution. In order to understand these effects, significant efforts have been made but these studies focused on the thermal properties, without a detailed study of the causes of nanoscale heating in the bulk of samples during the SEM-characterization. Additionally, it is very difficult to measure experimentally the heating because there are many variables that can affect the results, such as the current beam, accelerating energy, thermal conductivity and size of samples. Taking into account all the factors and in order to determine the local temperature rise during the electron beam characterization of AlGaN at low dimensions, we have used a hybrid model based on combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo calculation of inelastic interaction of electrons with matter to calculate the temperature elevation during the SEM-characterization which can be taken into account during the characterization of AlGaN at low dimension by electron beam techniques.
Bio-surface engineering with DNA scaffolds for theranostic applications
Authors: Wang Xiwei , Lai Wei , Man Tiantian , Qu Xiangmeng , Li Li , Chandrasekaran Arun Richard , Pei Hao 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Biosensor design is important to bioanalysis yet challenged by the restricted target accessibility at the biomolecule-surface (bio-surface). The last two decades have witnessed the appearance of various “art-like” DNA nanostructures in one, two, or three dimensions, and DNA nanostructures have attracted tremendous attention for applications in diagnosis and therapy due to their unique properties (e.g., mechanical flexibility, programmable control over their shape and size, easy and high-yield preparation, precise spatial addressability and biocompatibility). DNA nanotechnology is capable of providing an effective approach to control the surface functionality, thereby increasing the molecular recognition ability at the biosurface. Herein, we present a critical review of recent progress in the development of DNA nanostructures in one, two and three dimensions and highlight their biological applications including diagnostics and therapeutics. We hope that this review provides a guideline for bio-surface engineering with DNA nanostructures.
Crystal structure of 1,3,5,7-tetraazaadamantane-1,3-diium 2,5-dicarboxyterephthalate, C16H18N4O8
Authors: Wei Xiao , Guang-Ming Bao , Ting-Ting Sun , Chun-Yan Hu , Hou-Qun Yuan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
C16H18N4O8, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 14.517(4) Å, b = 18.006(7) Å, c = 6.916(3) Å, β = 116.97(3)°, V = 1611.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0497, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1387, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2-isopropyl-8,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophenanthrene-3,4-dione, C19H22O2
Authors: Wu Jichun , Luo Guoyong , Liu Yuchen , Yang Wude 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
C19H22O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.4768(13) Å, b = 8.7667(14) Å, c = 11.1282(17) Å, α = 73.284(3)°, β = 73.041(3)°, γ = 83.391(3)°, V = 757.1(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0509, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1613, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of 6-hydroxy-5-((2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, C20H22N2O6
Authors: Altowyan Mezna Saleh , Ali M. , Soliman Saied M. , Naser Almoqbl A. , Al-Majid Abdullah Mohammed , Barakat Assem 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
C20H22N2O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6657(6) Å, b = 18.6201(14) Å, c = 22.3583(18) Å, β = 91.808(3)°, V = 3605.9(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.067, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.177, T = 100(2) K.
Free Tax Services in Pediatric Clinics
Authors: Marcil Lucy E. , Hole Michael K. , Wenren Larissa M. , Schuler Megan S. , Zuckerman Barry S. , Vinci Robert J. 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:
The earned income tax credit (EITC), refundable monies for America’s working poor, is associated with improved child health. Yet, 20% of eligible families do not receive it. We provided free tax preparation services in clinics serving low-income families and assessed use, financial impact, and accuracy.

METHODS:
Free tax preparation services (“StreetCred”) were available at 4 clinics in Boston in 2016 and 2017. We surveyed a convenience sample of clients (n = 244) about experiences with StreetCred and previous tax services and of nonparticipants (n = 100; 69% response rate) and clinic staff (n = 41; 48% response rate) about acceptability and feasibility.

RESULTS:
A total of 753 clients received $1 619 650 in federal tax refunds. StreetCred was associated with significant improvement in tax filing rates. Of surveyed clients, 21% were new filers, 47% were new users of free tax preparation, 14% reported new receipt of the EITC, and 21% reported new knowledge of the EITC. StreetCred had high client acceptability; 96% would use StreetCred again. Families with children were significantly more likely to report StreetCred made them feel more connected to their doctor (P = .02). Clinic staff viewed the program favorably (97% approval).

CONCLUSIONS:
Free tax services in urban clinics are a promising, feasible financial intervention to increase tax filing and refunds, save fees, and link clients to the EITC. With future studies, we will assess scalability and measure impact on health. StreetCred offers an innovative approach to improving child health in primary care settings through a financial intervention.
El delito de administración desleal. Los administradores societarios como sujetos activos del mismo y su relación con los deberes de diligencia y lealtad.
Authors: Jiménez Crespo Luis Miguel 
Published: May 2018

Este artículo tiene como objeto llevar a cabo una breve exposición sobre la relación existente entre el nuevo tipo penal de administración desleal contenido en el art. 252 del Código Penal en la redacción dada al mismo la Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo que entró en vigor el 1 de julio de 2015 y la posibilidad de que los administradores societarios sean sujetos activos del mismo por infracción de los deberes de diligencia y lealtad tal y como han quedado definidos en la Ley de Sociedades de Capital (LSC) tras la reforma operada por la Ley 31/2014, de 3 de diciembre por la que se modifica esta ley para la mejora del gobierno corporativo
Derecho comparado de sobreendeudamiento de la persona física: Argentina, Portugal, México, USA
Authors: Carlos Merchán Aparicio Carlos 
Published: May 2018

Se pretende en este pequeño trabajo una pequeña aportación sin carácter exhaustivo a un estudio meramente aproximativo de Derecho Comparado sobre el problema, siendo conscientes de la dificultad de armonizar modelos tan distintos como por ejemplo el de Argentina o el de USA. El modelo de Portugal ha sido parcialmente seguido en Brasil y en opinión de algún autor ha pasado desde este país a la legislación de su vecino Argentina en algunos aspectos.
Derechos en jóvenes que viven en condiciones de pobreza en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Morales Mesa Santiago Alberto , Aguilar Quintana Alejandra , Solís Rodríguez María Alejandra , Múnera Muñoz Claudia Daniela 
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: Éste artículo pretende dar a conocer el análisis de la vulneración y protección de los derechos fundamentales, acordes con la Constitución Política Colombiana de 1991, en grupos de jóvenes en situación de pobreza que habitan diversos sectores de la ciudad de Medellín, tales como Altos de la Torre, Moravia, Esfuerzos de Paz y un grupo de la Universitaria Católica Luis Amigó, pertenecientes a los estratos 1, 2 y 3, entre los años 2013 y 2016. Lo anterior, se logra a partir de la caracterización sociodemográfica de la población, la identificación de derechos fundamentales, que de acuerdo con los jóvenes le son vulnerados, y la descripción de situaciones de vulnerabilidad. Método: se abordó desde un enfoque cualitativo de corte descriptivo y para la generación de la información con los actores sociales, se utilizaron las técnicas interactivas, cumpliendo con el consentimiento informado. Resultados y Conclusiones: Finalmente, se evidenció que en la Ciudad de Medellín los derechos son vulnerados sin importar si son niños, jóvenes o adultos, lo cual los pone en condición de vulnerabilidad, en el ejercicio pleno de sus derechos, y como consecuencia de ello la dignidad humana se ve transgredida, lo que impide el desarrollo familiar, social y personal.
Distributed environmental impact assessment using Internet
Authors: Yan Huang , Solomatine Dimitri P. , Velickov Slavco , Abbott Michael B. 
Published: May 2018

The ever more widespread use of the Internet now makes it possible to bring many more persons than hitherto into environmental impact assessment and resulting decision-making processes. Because most at these persons are non-experts, however, it is necessary to provide them with tools that will support their assessments and decision-making efforts. When these tools are directed primarily to the making of judgements they may be described as judgement engines. The need to promote cooperative attitudes among participants in the assessment and judgemental/decision-making process, requires that these tools should promote transparency. Judgemental processes are introduced and related to evaluation processes so as to provide a characterisation of transparency.
This paper gives an overview of the relevant Internet technologies and then takes the reader through the conception and realisation of one client–server component of an Internet-distributed judgement engine for environmental impact assessment. Because this is built upon the MikeImpact judgement engine of the Danish Hydraulic Institute, it is called a Web-MikeImpact. Although possibly of interest to specialists in information and control technologies, this paper is primarily intended as a background for potential users of Web-MikeImpact. It should be used alongside the use of the artefact that it describes, as this is available on http://www.hi.ihe.nl/hi/test/mikeimpact/mikeindex1.htm.
Automating CFD for non-experts
Authors: Morvan Hervé P. 
Published: May 2018

The focus of the paper is on demonstrating how it is possible to automate complex CFD simulations using scripting language around and within the structure of the CFD command files. To illustrate this, the concept of an atmospheric pollution case is used and, more specifically, that of a water treatment plant. The code that is used is CFX-5 with PERL as a scripting ‘language’.
The simulation of the factory atmospheric environment and its fluctuating conditions are fully automated. The simulation is based on a pre-defined generic CFD model, for which initial conditions, boundary conditions and source terms of atmospheric pollutant release are written automatically by the scripts using data recorded by measuring devices and stored on computers every half an hour as the simulation runs. When the correct amount of time has elapsed, the simulation pauses and the script updates the set-up using the newly recorded data. It then proceeds further, restarting from the appropriate result files. At each pause, a HTML report is also produced, which contains pictures of the area and summary tables. If a suitable criterion is defined in the post-treatment algorithm, such as a critical concentration for example, an alarm bell can be started, so that the technician knows the simulation has found a potential problem within the large domain that is thus monitored.
The implications of this work are numerous. Firstly, non-CFD experts can run and use results from a CFD simulation without having to implement the models, run the simulation or fully understand the intricacy of the physics and mathematics that it contains. Going further, it is even possible to parametrize the generic model set-up, e.g. the domain dimensions or the location of emission sources, to make the case more flexible. Running the application remotely is also possible, using a web browser to submit the necessary input to the CFD code. Secondly, a very wide area can be monitored numerically, which would not be commercially viable with physical devices and field monitoring campaigns. Thirdly, such a simulation can be used to learn the general behaviour of, and the potential problems associated with, the region of interest and eventually set up a response plan to any given situation known to cause discomfort or form a health hazard to the neighbourhood. This feedback can be used to improve the operation of the plant and its safety, but also to enhance the model set-up for future simulations.
LYSIMETERS WITH RAINFALL AND SOIL WATER CONTROL
Authors: KRISTENSEN K. J. , ASLYNG H. C. 
Published: May 2018

The lysimeter installation described comprises 36 concrete tanks each with a soil surface of 4 m2. The installation is useful for plant growth experiments under natural conditions involving different treatment combined with various controlled water supplies. The ground installation is at least 20 cm below the soil surface and tillage can be done with field implements. The lysimeter tanks are provided with a drainage system which can drain the soil at the bottom (100 cm depth) to a tension of up to 100 cm. A constant ground-water table at less than 100 cm soil depth can also be maintained. The soil moisture content at different depths is determined from an underground tunnel by use of gamma radiation equipment in metal tubes horizontally installed in the soil.
Rainfall is prevented by a movable glass roof automatically operated and controlled by a special rain sensor. Water is applied to the soil surface with a special trickle irrigation system consisting of a set of plastic tubes for each lysimeter tank and controlled from the tunnel. Fertilizers in controlled amount can be applied with the irrigation water.
STOCHASTIC MODELLING OF STORM PRECIPITATION
Authors: RAMASESHAN S. 
Published: May 2018

The distribution of precipitation in time during storms constitutes a complex stochastic process. Mathematical modelling of the process is quite difficult. The process is conceived as a finite-duration, quantitized-data, continuous-variable, stochastic process that can be represented as a finite time series.
Broad outlines of the procedure have been given in an earlier paper (Chow & Ramaseshan 1965). This paper deals with the details of formulating and fitting a suitable stochastic model for the process and the steps are illustrated with an example. The conclusions derived on the basis of the model are also discussed. The methods discussed in this paper may be useful for the study of transient stochastic processes such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, squalls, etc., and for the design of engineering systems to resist or control such processes.
CHEMISTRY OF GROUNDWATER IN IGNEOUS ROCK AT ANGERED, GOTHENBURG
Authors: JACKS GUNNAR 
Published: May 2018

Within an area of about 5 km2, 25 wells were drilled to depths of about 90 m for groundwater observation. The wells were sampled and analyzed, and from the results it could be concluded that the ionic composition is controlled by equilibrium between water and solids. The dominating weathering product is Ca-montmorillonite.
Establishing equilibrium takes approximately ten years. On higher grounds, equilibrium is far from being reached, and these waters are only a couple of years old. In lower positions of the terrain, sea water from glacial times is retained. Turn-over time of water is thus in the order of hundreds to thousands of years. The degree of washing out of the salt water is correlated to the transmissibility of the tectonic zones by which the water is found.
SINGLE AND MULTI-SITE OPERATIONAL HYDROLOGY
Authors: McMAHON T. A. , CODNER G. P. , PHILIPS C. 
Published: May 2018

This paper reviews several different single- and multi-site generation models to complement those papers in which the models are developed but not applied. Initially the historical time series is looked at using various time series techniques, including correlograms and spectral analyses, to determine whether a lag one Markov model will satisfactorily represent the historical data.
The single site models which are examined include an empirical model using the historical probability distribution of the random component, the Thomas and Fiering model using both logarithms of the data and Matalas' log-normal transformation equations, and finally Moran's Gamma distribution. Matalas' Residual method with several probability distributions and Moran's Multivariate Gamma technique are used in the multi-site analysis. All models are applied to the streams of the Melbourne metropolitan water supply system.
RESERVOIR MECHANISM
Authors: ELIASSON JONAS , ARNALDS SIGURDUR ST. , JOHANNSSON SKULI , KJARAN SNORRI P. 
Published: May 2018

The physical problem dealt with in this article is the unsteady ground-water flow in an aquifer of limited horizontal extent and arbitrary boundary shape.
The unsteady ground-water level is described by a differential equation, the solution of which includes the solution of an eigen-value problem by a numerical method.
Boundary conditions are provided by nature in the form of watertight rocks, rivers, lakes or any kind of constant water level in hydraulic contact with the aquifer.
The run-off is found to behave as a sum of flows through infinitely many linear reservoirs, corresponding to the eigen-functions.
The resulting equations for ground-water level and run-off discharge are sums of convolution integrals of the infiltration, an easy process to handle in a digital computer.
Finally, the mathematical model derived is used to analyse the inflow into a water reservoir in Iceland from a nearby lava field, and the runoff is compared with flow data.
Effects of Acid Precipitation on a Small Acid Lake in Southern Norway
Authors: Henriksen Arne , Wright Richard F. 
Published: May 2018

Langtjern is an acid lake situated in south-central Norway, 516 m above sea level. The watershed is underlain by biotite gneisses and granites. Coniferous forests cover 63% of the watershed, while 16% is covered by peaty areas. The lake has a relatively large watershed (4.8 km2) in relation to lake size (0. 23 km2), and most of the water and chemicals reach the lake via the watershed and inflowing streams. Direct precipitation on the lake surface is less important.
The two major inflowing streams show rapid responses to influxes of acid precipitation (weighted annull mean pH 4.3) and long recovery periods between episodes. The fall and spring acid episodes have different impacss on the lake-water chemistry. The spring episode during which large amounss of H+ are released in the first phases of the snow melt reduces the pH in only the surface layers of the still ice-eovered lake and much of the inflowing pollutants are promptly discharged. In the fall, however, the acid inputs are readily mixed through the entire water column during the autumnal circulation period.
Assuming chloride as a conservative parameter, mass-balance calculations show that there is a net loss of Ca, Mg and Al from the watershed while there is a net uptake of H+, NO3 and NH4. SO4 and Na budgets balance. The net uptake of H+ in the watershed is directly related to net losses of other cations. The net uptake of NO3 and NH4 is most likely due to biological uptake by the forest ecosystem.
For the Langtjern itself the inputs of all major ions equal the outputs, except for H+ and NO3 which are retained by the lake. The neutralization of H+ in Langtjern varies seasonally, whereas only 10-20% is neutralized during spring, in the autumn 50-70% is neutralized.
Mass Balance of Dissolved Inorganic Substances in Three Representative Basins in Sweden
Authors: Andersson-Calles Ulla Maria , Eriksson Erik 
Published: May 2018

During the International Hydrological Decade six representative basins were operated in Sweden. One of these represented an extensive raised bog area, Komosse, southwest of Lake Vättern. Another basin, Verka, north of Stockholm, represented a mixture of agricultural and forestry typical for this part of Sweden. A third covered an extensively glaciated area in the north of Sweden, well above the thimber line.
The typical forested areas in Sweden were represented by three basins, Velen between Lake Vänern and Lake Vättern; Kassjöån in the middle of Sweden and Lappträsket in the far north.
The research programs for all these basins included hydrochemistry mainly for the purpose of establishing balances of dissolved inorganic matter. The present paper discusses the results from the three forested basins, Velen, Kassjöån and Lappträsket.
The Sulphur Budget of Sweden During this Century
Authors: Odén Svante 
Published: May 2018

Based on data from the Swedish water quality covering 78% of the Swedish area, the discharge of sulphur has been computed for the period 1969 to 1977. The trend for this period gives a figure for 1977 of 660,000 tons per year. This figure exceeds that of the atmospheric fallout by about 200,000 tons per year. The different items contributing to this difference are discussed.
The increase of the discharge of sulphur during the investigated period varies from 2 to 5% per year in the different regions of Sweden. Due to the storage characteristics of the soil-water reservoirs the increase of the input of sulphur must be larger than these figures.
The discharge of sulphur from different parts of Sweden during this century has been reconstructed. The total figure in excess of a geochemical reference amounts to about 60 million tons of sulphur. In parts of the South and West of Sweden the annual deposition of sulphur amounts to about 25 kgs per ha. Rough figures of the so-called biogenic sulphur can be given for Sweden along with a geochemical reference value.
The application of these figures to the increasing acidification of Sweden is obvious.