bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyamine derivatives as potential bisintercalators
with antiproliferative activity
Authors: Szumilak Marta 
Published: April 2018

Bisntercalators are very interesting group of compounds with potential antitumor activity. They interact reversibly with DNA double helix. These agents share common structural features such as the presence of two, planar, polycyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic systems separated by a spacer chain which must be long enough to enable double intercalation between base pairs. The unique chemical structure of these compounds provides numerous modifications within their structure resulting either in higher activity or increased selectivity toward tumor cells. Within the framework of the project, new polyamine derivatives containing dimeric phthalimide, quinoline, cinnoline and chromone moieties were obtained. Three different polyamines: 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, 4,9-dioxa-1,12-dodecanediamine, 3,3’-diamino-N-methyldipropylamine were used as linkers. The biological activity of compounds was assessed in vitro in a highly aggressive melanoma cell line A375. Quinoline derivatives were found to have a higher antiproliferative activity than cinnoline ones. The lowest IC50 values, below 20 μM, were obtained for quinoline and 2H-chromene-2,4(3H)-dione derivatives. Quinoline diamides were more efficient than cinnoline ones. Polyamine diimides containing phthalimide moieties demonstrated no inhibitory activities against melanoma cells. Preliminary studies of mechanism of action have shown that obtained derivatives were capable of quenching the fluorescence of ethidium bromide-DNA complex, indicating that they bound to ds-DNA in competition with ethidium bromide for binding sites. All the compounds were also subjected to preliminary in silico ADME screening by evaluating their theoretical drug-likeness and physicochemical properties using Discovery Studio 3.0 obtained from Accelrys. Compounds meeting the required ADME and drug-likeness criteria were selected.
Kauza hornické důchody v reformě z roku 2016, odůvodněnost zvláštního důchodového věku
Authors: Štefko Martin 
Published: April 2018

Zatím poslední reforma hornických důchodů provedená v roce 2016 představuje progresivní krok zákonodárce, jenž se pokouší narovnat nespravedlnost spočívající v nižším věku dožití horníků a vyšší nebezpečnosti jejich povolání. Jde o zakotvení nižšího důchodového věku o 7 let (v kombinaci s předčasným důchodem až o 10 let) a v podstatě paušální výše starobního důchodu. Toto nové „hornické důchodové pojištění“ je ovšem finančně náročnější a zatěžuje deficitní veřejné důchodové pojištění. Cílem tohoto článku je analyzovat právní argumentaci pro nižší důchodový věk zavedený předmětnou novelou a na základě této argumentace přispět k otevření diskuze ohledně možnosti nahradit ve veřejném důchodovém pojištění alespoň částečně princip zásluhovosti pozitivními opatřeními ve prospěch vybraných pojištěnců s cílem zabránit tomu, aby nižší příjmové skupiny pobíraly nižší starobní důchody.
Instrumentalundervisningens problem – en kritik af fraværet af instrumentalpædagogisk grundlagsforskning
Authors: Lyngseth Øyvind 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe article argues that there is a need for a thorough philosophical inquiry into the epistemological basis of instrumental teaching. This kind of inquiry has not previously been undertaken. The way in which practitioners within the instrumental-pedagogical field are often making subjective and individual references to taste (taste-argument) and tradition (tradition-argument) in order to legitimize the self-understanding of the instrumental-pedagogical field, is critiqued. Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics and his opus magnum, Truth and Method, are primarily informing the hermeneutical and epistemological analysis and critique of the instrumental-pedagogical praxis. The aim of the article is not only to point to the absence of epistemological research, but also to sketch the foundation for a future constructive discussion about the cultivation of critical self-understanding of the instrumental-pedagogical field.
Modélisation de l'évolution spatiotemporelle du phosphore minéral dans une baie lagunaire hypereutrophe tropicale : la baie lagunaire de Tiagba (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Yao Marcel Konan , Akmel Djedro Clément , Akpetou Kouamé Lazare , Trokourey Albert , Yao Kouassi Benjamin , Assidjo Nogbou Emmanuel 
Published: April 2018

Ce travail décrit une nouvelle approche de la prédiction de l'évolution spatio-temporelle du phosphore minéral dans les eaux de surface, particulièrement dans la baie lagunaire de Tiagba. L'originalité de cette étude réside dans l'utilisation des réseaux de neurones artificiels, précisément du perceptron multicouche, comme outil de modélisation. Deux approches de l'évolution spatio-temporelle de ce nutriment dans cette baie ont été étudiées : sa modélisation statique et sa modélisation dynamique. Ainsi, il a été utilisé deux bases de 3 966 et 4 627 données respectivement pour sa modélisation statique et sa modélisation dynamique. L'algorithme de Levenberg-Marquardt a été utilisé pour la détermination des poids de connexions lors du développement du perceptron multicouche. Il ressort, des résultats obtenus, que les modèles 5-14-1 et 6-14-2 permettent de prédire à 70,30 % et à environ 70 % respectivement les évolutions statique et dynamique du phosphore minéral dans cette baie lagunaire. Ces modèles, jugés satisfaisant peuvent servir de socle pour d'éventuelles études visant à la réhabilitation et la gestion de cet écosystème aquatique dans le cadre de son développement durable.
Impact of different post-harvest processing methods on the chemical compositions of peony root
Authors: Zhu Shu , Shirakawa Aimi , Shi Yanhong , Yu Xiaoli , Tamura Takayuki , Shibahara Naotoshi , Yoshimatsu Kayo , Komatsu Katsuko 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The impact of key processing steps such as boiling, peeling, drying and storing on chemical compositions and morphologic features of the produced peony root was investigated in detail by applying 15 processing methods to fresh roots of Paeonia lactiflora and then monitoring contents of eight main components, as well as internal root color. The results showed that low temperature (4 °C) storage of fresh roots for approximately 1 month after harvest resulted in slightly increased and stable content of paeoniflorin, which might be due to suppression of enzymatic degradation. This storage also prevented roots from discoloring, facilitating production of favorable bright color roots. Boiling process triggered decomposition of polygalloylglucoses, thereby leading to a significant increase in contents of pentagalloylglucose and gallic acid. Peeling process resulted in a decrease of albiflorin and catechin contents. As a result, an optimized and practicable processing method ensuring high contents of the main active components in the produced root was developed.
Experimental control of swept-wing transition through base-flow modification by plasma actuators
Authors: Yadala Srikar , Hehner Marc T. , Serpieri Jacopo , Benard Nicolas , Dörr Philipp C. , Kloker Markus J. , Kotsonis Marios 
Published: April 2018

Control of laminar-to-turbulent transition on a swept-wing is achieved by base-flow modification in an experimental framework, up to a chord Reynolds number of 2.5 million. This technique is based on the control strategy used in the numerical simulation by Dörr & Kloker (J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 48, 2015b, 285205). A spanwise uniform body force is introduced using dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators, to either force against or along the local cross-flow component of the boundary layer. The effect of forcing on the stability of the boundary layer is analysed using a simplified model proposed by Serpieri et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 833, 2017, pp. 164–205). A minimal thickness plasma actuator is fabricated using spray-on techniques and positioned near the leading edge of the swept-wing, while infrared thermography is used to detect and quantify transition location. Results from both the simplified model and experiment indicate that forcing along the local cross-flow component promotes transition while forcing against successfully delays transition. This is the first experimental demonstration of swept-wing transition delay via base-flow modification using plasma actuators.
Istanbul sounding like revolution: the role of music in the Gezi Park Occupy movement
Authors: Bianchi Raffaella 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on the role of protest music in the biggest social movement of recent Turkish history. It is the result of three years of fieldwork triangulating musical and cultural analysis with ethnographic methods. Motives of the protest, strategies of the movement, agency of musicians and participatory performances are investigated and contextualised in an analysis of Turkey's cultural changes. The function of music shifted from framing the protest to encouraging political action and fostering a sense of belonging to the collective identity of the Gezi Park movement. Music even became political activism. By underlining different functions played by music in the case of the Gezi Park movement, this article problematises the relevance of music for social movements.
Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury
Authors: Ahn So Yoon , Park Won Soon , Kim Young Eun , Sung Dong Kyung , Sung Se In , Ahn Jee Yin , Chang Yun Sil 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe previously reported the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in protecting against neonatal hyperoxic lung injuries. Recently, the paracrine protective effect of MSCs was reported to be primarily mediated by extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion. However, the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-derived EVs and the role of the VEGF contained within EVs in neonatal hyperoxic lung injury have not been elucidated. The aim of the study was to determine whether MSC-derived EVs attenuate neonatal hyperoxic lung injury and, if so, whether this protection is mediated via the transfer of VEGF. We compared the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, MSC-derived EVs with or without VEGF knockdown, and fibroblast-derived EVs in vitro with a rat lung epithelial cell line challenged with H2O2 and in vivo with newborn Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to hyperoxia (90%) for 14 days. MSCs (1 × 105 cells) or EVs (20 µg) were administered intratracheally on postnatal day 5. The MSCs and MSC-derived EVs, but not the EVs derived from VEGF-knockdown MSCs or fibroblasts, attenuated the in vitro H2O2-induced L2 cell death and the in vivo hyperoxic lung injuries, such as impaired alveolarization and angiogenesis, increased cell death, and activated macrophages and proinflammatory cytokines. PKH67-stained EVs were internalized into vascular pericytes (22.7%), macrophages (21.3%), type 2 epithelial cells (19.5%), and fibroblasts (4.4%) but not into vascular endothelial cells. MSC-derived EVs are as effective as parental MSCs for attenuating neonatal hyperoxic lung injuries, and this protection was mediated primarily by the transfer of VEGF.
MicroRNA-181a promotes angiogenesis in colorectal cancer by targeting SRCIN1 to promote the SRC/VEGF signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Wu , Wang Xiaojun , Li Jialu , You Chaoying , Lu Pan , Feng Huijin , Kong Yan , Zhang Haiyang , Liu Yanqing , Jiao Ruihua , Chen Xi , Ba Yi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a very common metastatic tumor with active angiogenesis that requires active angiogenesis. Recently, increased microRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a) expression was found to be significantly associated with liver metastasis and poor outcome in CRC patients. In this study, the role of miR-181a in tumor angiogenesis was further investigated. Capillary tube formation assays were used to demonstrate the ability of miR-181a to promote tumor angiogenesis. Bioinformatics analyses identified SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1 (SRCIN1) as a potential target of miR-181a. Next, two CRC cell lines (HT29 and SW480) were used to clarify the function of miR-181a through SRCIN1 targeting. In addition, the biological effects of SRCIN1 inhibition by miR-181a were examined in vitro by quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in vivo by Matrigel plug angiogenesis assays and immunohistochemical staining. In clinical samples, Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the relation between miR-181a and SRCIN1. In addition, SRCIN1 protein and miR-181a expression levels in CRC tissues were also measured by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. MiR-181a markedly augmented the capability of CRC cells to advance tube formation in endothelial cells in vitro. The Matrigel plug assay showed that miR-181a promoted angiogenesis in vivo. In conclusion, miR-181a inhibited SRCIN1, which caused SRC to transform from an inactive status to an active conformation and to trigger vascular endothelial growth factor secretion, leading to increased angiogenesis. MiR-181a dysregulation contributes to angiogenesis in CRC, and downregulation of miR-181a represents a promising, novel strategy to achieve an efficient antiangiogenic response in anti-CRC therapy.
Histone demethylase JMJD1A coordinates acute and chronic adaptation to cold stress via thermogenic phospho-switch
Authors: Abe Yohei , Fujiwara Yosuke , Takahashi Hiroki , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Sawada Tomonobu , Jiang Shuying , Nakaki Ryo , Uchida Aoi , Nagao Noriko , Naito Makoto , Kajimura Shingo , Kimura Hiroshi , Osborne Timothy F. , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Kodama Tatsuhiko , Inagaki Takeshi , Sakai Juro 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn acute cold stress in mammals, JMJD1A, a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) demethylase, upregulates thermogenic gene expressions through β-adrenergic signaling in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Aside BAT-driven thermogenesis, mammals have another mechanism to cope with long-term cold stress by inducing the browning of the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). Here, we show that this occurs through a two-step process that requires both β-adrenergic-dependent phosphorylation of S265 and demethylation of H3K9me2 by JMJD1A. The histone demethylation-independent acute Ucp1 induction in BAT and demethylation-dependent chronic Ucp1 expression in beige scWAT provides complementary molecular mechanisms to ensure an ordered transition between acute and chronic adaptation to cold stress. JMJD1A mediates two major signaling pathways, namely, β-adrenergic receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) activation, via PRDM16-PPARγ-P-JMJD1A complex for beige adipogenesis. S265 phosphorylation of JMJD1A, and the following demethylation of H3K9me2 might prove to be a novel molecular target for the treatment of metabolic disorders, via promoting beige adipogenesis.
Interplay of orbital effects and nanoscale strain in topological crystalline insulators
Authors: Walkup Daniel , Assaf Badih A. , Scipioni Kane L. , Sankar R. , Chou Fangcheng , Chang Guoqing , Lin Hsin , Zeljkovic Ilija , Madhavan Vidya 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOrbital degrees of freedom can have pronounced effects on the fundamental properties of electrons in solids. In addition to influencing bandwidths, gaps, correlation strength and dispersion, orbital effects have been implicated in generating novel electronic and structural phases. Here we show how the orbital nature of bands can result in non-trivial effects of strain on band structure. We use scanning–tunneling microscopy to study the effects of strain on the electronic structure of a heteroepitaxial thin film of a topological crystalline insulator, SnTe. By studying the effects of uniaxial strain on the band structure we find a surprising effect where strain applied in one direction has the most pronounced influence on the band structure along the perpendicular direction. Our theoretical calculations indicate that this effect arises from the orbital nature of the conduction and valence bands. Our results imply that a microscopic model capturing strain effects must include a consideration of the orbital nature of bands.
Nanoscale zero-field electron spin resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Kong Fei , Zhao Pengju , Ye Xiangyu , Wang Zhecheng , Qin Zhuoyang , Yu Pei , Su Jihu , Shi Fazhan , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractElectron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has broad applications in physics, chemistry, and biology. As a complementary tool, zero-field ESR (ZF-ESR) spectroscopy has been proposed for decades and shown its own benefits for investigating the electron fine and hyperfine interaction. However, the ZF-ESR method has been rarely used due to the low sensitivity and the requirement of much larger samples than conventional ESR. In this work, we present a method for deploying ZF-ESR spectroscopy at the nanoscale by using a highly sensitive quantum sensor, the nitrogen vacancy center in diamond. We also measure the nanoscale ZF-ESR spectrum of a few P1 centers in diamond, and show that the hyperfine coupling constant can be directly extracted from the spectrum. This method opens the door to practical applications of ZF-ESR spectroscopy, such as investigation of the structure and polarity information in spin-modified organic and biological systems.
Spontaneous formation of gold nanostructures in aqueous microdroplets
Authors: Lee Jae Kyoo , Samanta Devleena , Nam Hong Gil , Zare Richard N. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of gold nanostructures has received widespread attention owing to many important applications. We report the accelerated synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as well as the reducing-agent-free and template-free synthesis of gold nanoparticles and nanowires in aerosol microdroplets. At first, the AuNP synthesis are carried out by fusing two aqueous microdroplet streams containing chloroauric acid and sodium borohydride. The AuNPs (~7 nm in diameter) are produced within 60 µs at the rate of 0.24 nm µs−1. Compared to bulk solution, microdroplets enhance the size and the growth rate of AuNPs by factors of about 2.1 and 1.2 × 105, respectively. Later, we find that gold nanoparticles and nanowires (~7 nm wide and >2000 nm long) are also formed in microdroplets in the absence of any added reducing agent, template, or externally applied charge. Thus, water microdroplets not only accelerate the synthesis of AuNPs by orders of magnitude, but they also cause spontaneous formation of gold nanostructures.
Gene refashioning through innovative shifting of reading frames in mosses
Authors: Guan Yanlong , Liu Li , Wang Qia , Zhao Jinjie , Li Ping , Hu Jinyong , Yang Zefeng , Running Mark P. , Sun Hang , Huang Jinling 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEarly-diverging land plants such as mosses are known for their outstanding abilities to grow in various terrestrial habitats, incorporating tremendous structural and physiological innovations, as well as many lineage-specific genes. How these genes and functional innovations evolved remains unclear. In this study, we show that a dual-coding gene YAN/AltYAN in the moss Physcomitrella patens evolved from a pre-existing hemerythrin gene. Experimental evidence indicates that YAN/AltYAN is involved in fatty acid and lipid metabolism, as well as oil body and wax formation. Strikingly, both the recently evolved dual-coding YAN/AltYAN and the pre-existing hemerythrin gene might have similar physiological effects on oil body biogenesis and dehydration resistance. These findings bear important implications in understanding the mechanisms of gene origination and the strategies of plants to fine-tune their adaptation to various habitats.
Pushing the resolution limit by correcting the Ewald sphere effect in single-particle Cryo-EM reconstructions
Authors: Zhu Dongjie , Wang Xiangxi , Fang Qianglin , Van Etten James L , Rossmann Michael G , Rao Zihe , Zhang Xinzheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Ewald sphere effect is generally neglected when using the Central Projection Theorem for cryo electron microscopy single-particle reconstructions. This can reduce the resolution of a reconstruction. Here we estimate the attainable resolution and report a “block-based” reconstruction method for extending the resolution limit. We find the Ewald sphere effect limits the resolution of large objects, especially large viruses. After processing two real datasets of large viruses, we show that our procedure can extend the resolution for both datasets and can accommodate the flexibility associated with large protein complexes.
When light hurts: Comparative Morphometry of Human Brainstem in Traumatic Photalgia
Authors: Likova Lora T. , Tyler Christopher W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTraumatic brain injury is an increasingly common affliction, although many of its serious repercussions are still underappreciated. A frequent consequence is the development of light-induced pain, or‘photalgia’, which can often lead to prolonged debilitation. The mechanism underlying the sensitivity to light, however, remains unresolved. Since tissue oedema (swelling) is a common feature of traumatic brain injury, we propose that the brainstem oedema, in particular, might sensitize the brainstem trigeminal complex to signals from ocular mechanisms activated in bright light. To assess this hypothesis, we ran high-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brainstems of concussion groups with mild and severe photalgia, without photalgia, and healthy controls. The 3D configuration of the brainstem was determined by Tensor-Based Morphometry (TBM) for each participant. The TBM revealed significant deviations in the brainstem morphology of all concussion groups, with a characteristic signature for each group. In particular, concussion without photalgia showed bilateral expansion at the pontine/medulla junction, whereas concussion with photalgia showed mid-pontine shrinkage, consistent with degeneration of nuclei of the trigeminal complex. These results support the hypothesis that brainstem shrinkage/degeneration represents a morphological substrate of the photalgic sensitization of the trigeminal pathway.
Children with cerebral malaria or severe malarial anaemia lack immunity to distinct variant surface antigen subsets
Authors: Travassos Mark A. , Niangaly Amadou , Bailey Jason A. , Ouattara Amed , Coulibaly Drissa , Lyke Kirsten E. , Laurens Matthew B. , Pablo Jozelyn , Jasinskas Algis , Nakajima Rie , Berry Andrea A. , Adams Matthew , Jacob Christopher G. , Pike Andrew , Takala-Harrison Shannon , Liang Li , Kouriba Bourema , Kone Abdoulaye K. , Rowe J. Alexandra , Moulds JoAnn , Diallo Dapa A. , Doumbo Ogobara K. , Thera Mahamadou A. , Felgner Philip L. , Plowe Christopher V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractVariant surface antigens (VSAs) play a critical role in severe malaria pathogenesis. Defining gaps, or “lacunae”, in immunity to these Plasmodium falciparum antigens in children with severe malaria would improve our understanding of vulnerability to severe malaria and how protective immunity develops. Using a protein microarray with 179 antigen variants from three VSA families as well as more than 300 variants of three other blood stage P. falciparum antigens, reactivity was measured in sera from Malian children with cerebral malaria or severe malarial anaemia and age-matched controls. Sera from children with severe malaria recognized fewer extracellular PfEMP1 fragments and were less reactive to specific fragments compared to controls. Following recovery from severe malaria, convalescent sera had increased reactivity to certain non-CD36 binding PfEMP1s, but not other malaria antigens. Sera from children with severe malarial anaemia reacted to fewer VSAs than did sera from children with cerebral malaria, and both of these groups had lacunae in their seroreactivity profiles in common with children who had both cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. This microarray-based approach may identify a subset of VSAs that could inform the development of a vaccine to prevent severe disease or a diagnostic test to predict at-risk children.