bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carnosic Acid, Tangeretin, and Ginkgolide-B Anti-neoplastic Cytotoxicity in Dual Combination with Dexamethasone-[anti-EGFR] in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma (A549)
Authors: Coyne Cody P. , Narayanan Lakshmi 
Published: December 2018

Background:Traditional chemotherapeutics of low-molecular weight diffuse passively across intact membrane structures of normal healthy cells found in tissues and organ systems in a non-specific unrestricted manner which largely accounts for the induction of most sequelae which restrict dosage, administration frequency, and duration of therapeutic intervention. Molecular strategies that offer enhanced levels of potency, greater efficacy and broader margins-of-safety include the discovery of alternative candidate therapeutics and development of methodologies capable of mediating properties of selective “targeted” delivery.Materials and Methods:The covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti- EGFR] was synthesized utilizing organic chemistry reactions that comprised a multi-stage synthesis regimen. Multiple forms of analysis were implemented to vadliate the successful synthesis (UV spectrophotometric absorbance), purity and molar-incorporation-index (UV spectrophotometric absorbance, chemical-based protein determination), absence of fragmentation/polymerization (SDS-PAGE/chemiluminescent autoradiography), retained selective binding-avidity of IgG-immunoglobulin (cell-ELISA); and selectively “targeted” antineoplastic cytotoxicity (biochemistry-based cell vitality/viability assay).Results:The botanicals carnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin, each individually exerted maximum antineoplastic cytotoxicity levels of 58.1%, 5.3%, and 41.1% respectively against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) populations. Dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] formulated at corticosteroid/ glucocorticoid equivalent concentrations produced anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity at levels of 7.7% (10-9 M), 26.9% (10-8 M), 64.9% (10-7 M), 69.9% (10-6 M) and 73.0% (10-5 M). Ccarnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin in simultaneous dual-combination with dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] exerted maximum anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity levels of 70.5%, 58.6%, and 69.7% respectively.Discussion:Carnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin botanicals exerted anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) which additively contributed to the anti-neoplastic cytotoxic potency of the covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR]. Carnosic acid and tangeretin were most potent in this regard both individually and in dual-combination with dexamethasone-(C21- phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR]. Advantages and attributes of carnosic acid and tangeretin as potential monotherapeutics are a wider margin-of-safety of conventional chemotherapeutics which would readily complement the selective “targeted” delivery properties of dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] and possibly other covalent immunopharmaceuticals in addition to providing opportunities for the discovery of combination therapies that provide heightened levels of anti-neoplastic efficacy.
Study of Quality of Service Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Singh Omkar , Rishiwal Vinay 
Published: December 2018

:A wireless sensor network is a collection of a large number of sensors nodes densely deployed. Sensor nodes are used to sense environmental data and collect information at a central place. Sensors have been a regular part in our daily life, they can be very much used in isolation to solve many problems like in car, ac, and to measure temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity, wind speed direction and pressure. They can be used in isolation. But the important focus is on some crucial applications where human life is associated, environmental is associated for example the battlefields, earth quick monitoring, flood monitoring, weather forecasting etc. These are some of the biggest applications which need the invention of sensor nodes rather than manual human forces. Here sensor nodes cannot work in isolation because one sensor cannot gather appropriate data. Therefore, it is needed to deploy a large number of sensor nodes, which can exchange data through some communication strategy or protocol, and thereafter the data should be maintained to a common place where some action should be taken. For providing efficient applications among these sensor nodes, an efficient routing protocol or algorithm needs which could provide the QoS to the end user. Most of the routing protocols for WSNs are designed without explicitly considering the Quality of Service (QoS) of the generated routes. It has been observed that such routing protocols are inadequate at the time of data delivery route which requires guaranteed QoS. QoS routing requires discovering a route from source to destination to fulfill the QoS necessities. QoS is more complicated to assurance in sensor network due to dynamic topology and energy constraints. In this paper, recent issues and challenges have been considered in terms of research gap yet, QoS routing approaches have been deliberated, distribution of literature over recent years and QoS parameters distribution over recent years have been exposed, which are valuable for researchers for further investigation.
Green Silver Nanoparticles Confined in Monolithic Silica Disk-packed Spin Column for Human Serum Albumin Preconcentration
Authors: Alzahrani Eman 
Published: December 2018

Background:
In recent times many new uses have been found for nanomaterials that have
undergone homogenous immobilization within porous supports. For this paper, immobilization of
SNPs on a thiol-functionalized silica monolith using a fast, easy, environmentally friendly and costeffective
process was performed. This was achieved by modifying the surface of a silica-based
monolith using thiol groups, and then we fabricated green SNPs in situ, reducing an inorganic precursor
silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) by employing tangerine peel extract as a reducing reagent,
with Ag-thiol bonds forming along the monument. Doing this allows monoliths to be prepared in
such a way that, as TEM analysis demonstrated, SNPs are evenly distributed along the rod's length.
Once the materials had been fabricated, they were employed as a sorbent by being placed in a centrifuge.
The SNP-thiol functionalized silica monolith was then tested using a standard protein (HSA).

Methods:
The process involves creating monolithic materials by employing a two-part sol-gel technique
before modifying the surface of the silica-based monolith using thiol groups for hosting purposes.
Homogenous surface coverage was achieved through the use of a non-toxic "green" reducing
reagent (tangerine peel extract) to reduce a silver nitrate solution in place to create SNPs joined to the
pore surface of a thiol-functionalized silica monolith, employing bonds of Ag-thiol. Once these materials
were synthesized, they were classified by utilizing a number of methods based on SEM coupled
with EDAX, TEM, AFM and BET analysis. The silica-based monolith, embedded with constructed
SNPs, was employed as a sorbent in the preconcentration of human serum albumin (HSA).

Results:
The performance of the fabricated materials was measured against a silica-based monolith
with no SNPs. Also, a silica monolith with constructed SNPs embedded was employed to capture
HSA within a sample of human urine mixed with a double detergent concentrate (SDS). Such a
monolith containing functionalized SNPs can be a highly effective sorbent for preconcentration of
proteins in complex samples.

Conclusion:
It was shown to have superior performance compared to a bare silica-based monolith.
Additionally, it was shown that a monolithic column modified by SNPs could preconcentrate spiked
HSA in urine samples.
Implementasi pendidikan karakter demokratis melalui pembelajaran ppkn pada siswa kelas XII
Authors: Rawanoko Endrise Septine , Wuryandani Wuri 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pendidikan karakter demokratis pada siswa di SMAN 1 Kesamben Kabupaten Jombang melalui pembelajaran PPKn. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Observasi digunakan oleh peneliti untuk memperoleh data saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Wawancara digunakan oleh peneliti untuk memperoleh data dari guru dan siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Kesamben Kabupaten Jombang. Data dokumentasi yang diperoleh peneliti berupa perangkat pembelajaran yang dimiliki guru yaitu RPP. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui triangulasi teknik (observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi) dan pencocokan data dengan teori. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa nilai karakter demokratis di masukkan guru melalui mata pelajaran PPKn dengan menggunakan metode diskusi. Sedangkan evaluasi dari penanaman karakter demokratis dilakukan dengan evaluasi tertulis dan tidak tertulis untuk melihat moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action.Kata Kunci: pendidikan karakter demokratis, pembelajaran PPKn THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC CHARACTER EDUCATION THROUGH PANCASILA AND CIVIC IN GRADE XIIAbstractThis research was aimed to explain the implementation of a democratic character education through Pancasila and civics in grade XII students of senior high school. This was a descriptive qualitative study. The research data were collected through observation, interview and documentation. The observation was used to obtain data during the learning process. Interview was used to obtain data from the teacher and students in Senior High School in Kesamben Jombang Regency. The document used as information research way a set of lesson plan. Data validity of this research was obtained through triangulations technique (observation, interview, and documentation) and data theory verification. Data analyses used were data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. This research showed that the implementation of a democratic character education through the Pancasila and civics in grade XII students of senior high school could be applied well using a discussion learning method. The evaluation for character democratic used written evaluation and non test evaluation for know a moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action.Keywords: democratic character education, Pancasila and civic learning
Efektivitas studi lapangan di kawasan mangrove dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar geografi pada siswa SMA
Authors: Widiani Aprilliana , Hastuti Hastuti 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas studi lapangan di kawasan mangrove dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui hasil belajar geografi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kuasi eksperimen. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan independent-t test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: rerata hasil belajar geografi yang menggunakan studi lapangan (×̅ =76,11 ) lebih tinggi dari pada hasil belajar indoor study (×̅=67,68) pada taraf signifikansi dan t hitung 15,489. Hal ini mengartikan bahwa penerapan metode studi lapangan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajaran geografi siswa. Metode studi lapangan efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar geografi siswa pada taraf signifikansi dan t hitung 2,868. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dari gain score hasil belajar siswa pada kedua kelompok perlakuan. Nilai rata-rata gain score pada metode pembelajaran studi lapangan yaitu 0,51 dan hasil belajar siswa kelas indoor study yaitu 0,38. Hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa metode studi lapangan lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar geografi siswa.Kata kunci: metode lapangan, metode indoor, hasil belajar geografi THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FIELD STUDIES IN THE MANGROVE AREA IN IMPROVING GEOGRAPHY LEARNING AT HIGH SCHOOLAbstractThis research aims to reveal the effectiveness field studies in the mangrove area of teaching in improving geography learning. This research was quantitative research with the quasi experiment approach. The data analysis used paired t-test and independent of t test. The result of this research shows that there is a significant learning outcomes (×̅=76,11 ) with teaching method of field studies at significance and t count 15.489. This means that the teaching methods of field studies can improve geography learning achievement. The teacing method of field studies is effective in improving the geography learning achievement at the significance and t count 2.868. indoor class student learning outcomes study is (×̅=67,68). There is a real difference from the gain score of student learning outcomes in both groups. The value of the average gain scores on learning methods of field studies is 0.51 and outcomes of student’s learning class indoor study is 0.38. This means that the field study method is more effective in improving the results of student’s geography learning.Keywords: field method, indoor method, learning geography
Aktualisasi nilai-nilai multikultural di SMA Taruna Nusantara Magelang
Authors: Sari Maesa Nila , Zuchdi Darmiyati 
Published: December 2018

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) karakteristik nilai-nilai multikultural dan pentingnya aktualisasi nilai-nilai multikultural di SMA Taruna Nusantara; (2) proses internalisasi, aktualisasi, dan evaluasi aktualisasi nilai-nilai multikultural di SMA Taruna Nusantara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif naturalistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, analisis dokumen, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan, mereduksi, dan menyajikan data serta menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) nilai-nilai multikultural di SMA Taruna Nusantara terdiri atas nilai pluralisme, solidaritas, toleran, demokratis, kesetaraan, dan kepedulian; (2) nilai-nilai multikultural diaktualisasikan untuk menciptakan kehidupan harmonis; (3) nilai-nilai multikultural diinternalisasikan secara langsung dan tidak langsung; (4) aktualisasi nilai-nilai multikultural dilakukan peserta didik dengan menunjukkan sikap dan perilaku yang sesuai dengan Perdupsis dan PUDD serta dijadikan kebiasaan; dan 5) evaluasi aktualisasi nilai-nilai multikultural dilakukan dengan refleksi diri, sistem reward dan punishment, penilaian dalam rapor, dan buku saku.Kata kunci: internalisasi, aktualisasi nilai, sikap dan perilaku, karakter, nilai-nilai multikultural MULTICULTURAL VALUE ACTUALIZATION IN TARUNA NUSANTARA MAGELANG HIGH SCHOOLAbstractThis article is aimed to know: (1) the characteristics of multicultural values and the importance of actualization of multicultural values in SMA Taruna Nusantara; (2) the process of internalization, actualization, and evaluation of actualization of multicultural values in SMA Taruna Nusantara. This research used naturalistic qualitative method. The data collection was done by observation, interview, document analysis, and documentation. The data analysis was done by collecting, reducing, and presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: 1) multicultural values in SMA Taruna Nusantara consisted of pluralism, solidarity, tolerance, democratic, equality, and caring values; (2) the multicultural values are actualized to create a harmonious life; (3) multicultural values are internalized directly and indirectly; (4) the actualization of multicultural values of the students done by showing attitudes and behaviors in accordance with Perdupsis and PUDD and made a habit; and 5) evaluation of actualization of multicultural values carried out by self-reflection, reward and punishment system, assessment in report cards, and pocket book.Keywords: internalization, actualization of values, attitudes and behavior, character, multicultural values
Perubahan makna perpustakaan
Authors: Istiana Purwani , HT Faruk , Handayani Suzie 
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The changing reality of libraries actually is a form of communication by the library management. The Language of libraries, is a representation of libraries through language. Various definitions of libraries from the literatures are representations of libraries through language. This study aims to examine the changing meaning of libraries from time to time.Data Collection Method. Data collection was conducted by involving documentation of various discourses discussing libraries.Analysis Data. Discursive genealogy was used to analyse the data to provide changes of meaning of libraries from time to time. Results and Discussions. The result showed that the meaning of libraries continues to change. The current meaning of libraries is a room or institution where information is stored and gathered. Libraries are hubs of users' needs including space, services, and various resources to support education, research, information, and recreation.Conclusion. Various changes of meaning of Libraries from time to time show that the representation of libraries through language has changed. The meaning of libraries may change and deconstruct.
Study Effect of Objects Orientation in the Mediums On GPR Signal Reflections Using FDTD Simulation
Authors: Mint Mohamed Mostapha Aye , Alsharahi Gamil , Driouach Abdellah 
Published: December 2018

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a very effective tool for detecting and identifying objects below the ground surface. based on the propagation and reflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The GPR reflection can be affected by many things like the type of objects orientation, their shapes ..ect. The purpose of this paper is to study by simulation the effect of objects orientation in two different mediums (dry and wet sand) on the GPR signal reflection using Reflexw software which is based on a numerical method known as finite difference in time domain (FDTD). The simulations that have been realized included a conductor and dielectric objects. The results obtained have led us to find that the propagation path, the reflection strength and the signal form change with the change of object orientation and nature. To confirm the validity of the results, we compared them with experimental results previously published by researchers under the same conditions.
Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolic fingerprint of bevacizumab in mutant IDH1 glioma cells
Authors: Mesti Tanja , Bouchemal Nadia , Banissi Claire , Triba Mohamed N. , Marbeuf-Gueye Carole , Cemazar Maja , Moyec Laurence Le , Carpentier Antoine F. , Savarin Philippe , Ocvirk Janja 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Malignant gliomas are rapidly growing tumours that extensively invade the brain and have bad prognosis. Our study was performed to assess the metabolic effects of bevacizumab on the glioma cells carrying the IDH1 mutation, a mutation, associated with better prognosis and treatment outcome. Bevacizumab is known to inhibit tumour growth by neutralizing the biological activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). However, the direct effects of bevacizumab on tumour cells metabolism remain poorly known.

Materials and methods
The immunoassay and MTT assay were used to assess the concentration of secreted VEGF and cell viability after bevacizumab exposure. Metabolomic studies on cells were performed using high resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy (HRMAS).

Results
mIDH1-U87 cells secreted VEGF (13 ng/mL). Regardless, bevacizumab had no cytotoxic effect, even after a 72h exposure and with doses as high as 1 mg/mL. Yet, HRMAS analysis showed a significant effect of bevacizumab (0.1 mg/mL) on the metabolic phenotype of mIDH1-U87 cells with elevation of 2-hydroxyglutarate and changes in glutamine group metabolites (alanine, glutamate, glycine) and lipids (polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], glycerophosphocholine, and phosphocholine).

Conclusions
In mIDH1-U87 cells, changes in glutamine group metabolites and lipids were identified as metabolic markers of bevacizumab treatment. These data support the possibility of a functional tricarboxylic acid cycle that runs in reductive manner, as a probable mechanism of action of bevacizumab in IDH1 mutated gliomas and propose a new target pathway for effective treatment of malignant gliomas.
Monetary Policy and Export Diversification in Nigeria
Authors: Philip Ifeakachukwu Nwosa , Akinyemi Alao Ajibola 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study examined the extent to which monetary policy has influenced export diversification in Nigeria for the period 1962 to 2014. The study employed descriptive and ordinary least squares techniques. The descriptive analysis revealed that the diversification exercise in Nigeria can only be expressed as average.
The regression estimate showed that monetary policy was insignificant in influencing export diversification in Nigeria. The study concluded that monetary policy has not played a fundamental role in enhancing export diversification in Nigeria. The study recommended that monetary policy should be purpose driven towards the achievement of export diversification.
This can be achieved by employing selective-sectoral monetary policy measures in accelerating investment in various non-oil sectors of the economy such as the mining, manufacturing and tourism sectors.
Characteristics of woman`s heart with disorder of coronary circulation
Authors: Actaiyeva Leilim , Abzaliyev Kuat , Abzaliyeva Simbat , Aldangarova Gulum 
Published: December 2018

We present review of current evidence on ischemic heart disease in women. The risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment and prevention of ischemic heart diseases in women are discussed.
Innovating Provincial Level Succession Planning in Hoa Binh Province
Authors: Hung Ta Huy 
Published: December 2018

The public administration sector is currently facing numerous internal challenges (e.g. efficiency, effectiveness in public administration) as well as external challenges (e.g. globalization trends, technological revolution...). In order to overcome those challenges, the public administration sector needs to innovate its succession planning for better quality human resources and particularly senior officials. In this study, the author uses quantitative and qualitative research methodology to evaluate the succession planning of the provincial-level leaders in Hoa Binh Province. Based on the data analysis, the author analyzes shortcomings and limitations and proposes recommendations so as to improve the succession planning of the provincial level leaders in Hoa Binh Province.
Keywords
Succession planning, competence based succession planning framework, innovation of succession planning
References
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