bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy Affordability on Basic and Enhanced Therapy Levels in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
Authors: Soldak Tatiana , Sabyrbekova Taalaigul , Abdullaeva Firuza 
Published: October 2018

Purpose Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are Central Asian low-income countries. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the Kyrgyz Republic and in Tajikistan. Almost 40% of breast cancer cases are detected in advanced stages. The Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan health care systems do not guarantee equal access to treatment to all people, and patients with breast cancer have to pay out of pocket for the entire course of chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, evaluation of the cost of a chemotherapy regimen represents a first step in the policy discussion and the creation of a government copayment system that would guarantee access to chemotherapy and ensure the effective and sustainable basic-level treatment of most patients. Methods Resource and Policy Exchange, Tajik, and Kyrgyz experts calculated the average drug dose per patient for adriamycin and cyclophosphamide; cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil; and fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide regimens recommended by the Breast Health Global Initiative as basic-level therapy and the taxanes average dose—docetaxel and paclitaxel—as enhanced-level therapy. The drug procurement cost per cycle was calculated for each chemotherapy regimen on the basis of on an average dose per patient (standard 1.75 m2), the average number of doses per cycle, and the average list price per milligram. Experts acquired cancer drug price lists from different pharmacies using the lowest generic prices available in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Results The cost of the basic chemotherapy regimen adriamycin and cyclophosphamide is $249 USD in Kyrgyzstan and $222 USD in Tajikistan. That of the cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil regimen is $587 USD in Kyrgyzstan and $486 USD in Tajikistan. That of the fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide regimen is $326 USD in Tajikistan and $526 USD in Kyrgyzstan. However, the cost of the taxanes regimen—enhanced level—is more expensive. The cost of a paclitaxel monotherapy regimen is $4896 USD in Kyrgyzstan and $4,695 USD in Tajikistan, and that of a docetaxel monotherapy regimen $1,411 USD in Kyrgyzstan and $1,086 USD in Tajikistan. Conclusion Chemotherapy regimen cost calculation is an integral part of advocacy and policy work. It helped to negotiate basic-level chemotherapy treatment insurance coverage for women with breast cancer. The cost of a monotherapy taxanes regimen is expensive and requires additional financial resources. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc . No COIs from the authors.
Palliative Care in the Caribbean Through the Lens of Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Spence Dingle , Greaves Natalie , Chin Sheray N. , Shields Alexandra 
Published: October 2018

Purpose Across the Caribbean, too many women are presenting with advanced breast cancer and dying with little or no access to palliative care. No comprehensive assessment of the current capacity to deliver palliative care in the region exists, largely because of limited data. Cancer is the second leading cause of death, and significant numbers of patients present with advanced disease. Breast cancer is no exception, with an incidence rate of more than 26% and a mortality rate accounting for 17% of all cancer-related deaths in women. In this paper, we assess the challenges and opportunities that are faced by small island states in delivering palliative care through the lens of women with breast cancer. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature on palliative care provision in the region. Background information and country statistics were obtained from recognized databases, such as GLOBOCAN and Pan American Health Organization country cancer profiles, and information on opioid usage from the Pain and Policy Study Group. Much of the detailed information gleaned for this paper was through personal communication. Results Palliative care provision in the Caribbean exists in isolated pockets throughout the region. Capturing data on the palliative care capacity in the Caribbean was challenging, as electronic health records and robust data collection is not yet the norm. Challenges included insufficient health care infrastructure to support the spectrum of cancer care, tremendous unmet need for palliative care, pervasive opiophobia that resulted in limited access to opioids for pain relief, patients’ reluctance to engage early with clinical care, and widespread use of complementary and alternative medicines before the acceptance of conventional care. Conclusion This is the first study to our knowledge to examine the extent of palliative care service provision across the Caribbean. We conclude that there is an urgent need to improve access to palliative care and pain relief for patients with cancer in the region. Our proposed solutions include strengthening regional collaboration through policy and guideline development, human resource training, improved availability and accessibility of opioid medicines, and in-country development of information technology infrastructure to support patient care and research. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc . Sheray N. Chin Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, AstraZeneca
Evaluation of Dihedral Angles of Peptides Using IR Bands of Two Successive Isotope Labeled Residues
Authors: Okabe Hitomi , Miyata Daisuke , Nakabayashi Takakazu , Hiramatsu Hirotsugu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The infrared (IR) absorption bands due to peptide bonds (amide bands) have long been used to determine the secondary structure of a peptide and to analyze intra- and intermolecular interactions between amides. In the present study, the dihedral angles of a residue in peptides have also been evaluated using the amide I IR band of two successive residues with isotope labeling. The two successive residues labeled with the 13C and 18O isotopes give the doublet amide I IR band and the intensity ratio (Rint) and the difference in peak position (Δν) of the doublet band were analyzed using GF matrix and ab initio molecular orbital calculations. We obtained the two-dimensional calculation maps of Rint and Δν against the two dihedral angles. The crossing point of the curves of Rint and Δν is the two dihedral angles of the measured residue. The evaluated dihedral angles of the simple peptides are compared with the reported values. We discuss the limitation and the application of the present method to biopolymers from the obtained results.
Extended Study on Electrophoretic Deposition Process of Inorganic Octahedral Metal Clusters: Advanced Multifunctional Transparent Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Nguyen Ngan T K , Renaud Adèle , Dierre Benjamin , Bouteille Barbara , Wilmet Maxence , Dubernet Marion , Ohashi Naoki , Grasset Fabien , Uchikoshi Tetsuo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This review paper summarizes our very recent works on the synthesis of multifunctional transparent nanocomposite thin films or coatings based on metal atom clusters by an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. Eight different octahedral atom clusters with niobium, molybdenum or tantalum as metallic cores were used to prepare highly transparent thin films in the visible. Green, yellow, orange, red and brown colored films were successfully fabricated by coating on a transparent conductive oxide glass substrate. Transparent nanocomposite films with prominent luminescent properties were obtained by using Mo6 clusters whereas ultra-violet (UV) and near infrared (NIR) filters were realized by using Nb6 or Ta6 clusters. The EPD process appears to be a new strategy to fabricate highly transparent, homogeneous and colored nanocomposite thin films and coatings for smart windows and solar technologies in a very short time (&lt;90 s).
‘It’s like a souvenir of something that was important’: The role of nostalgic memorabilia in psychological well-being
Authors: Masuch Christoph-Simon , Hefferon Kate 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The identity-establishing powers of actively worn fashion, clothing and dress have been widely explored by fashion scholars. However, the phenomenological aspects of fashion, clothing and dress in general, and the identity-establishing role of retained and treasured yet no longer or only occasionally worn vestimentary objects, have only been marginally explored. Based on data from a constructivist grounded theory analysis on the relationship between well-being and clothing practices, this study expands upon the findings of one particular theme, Eudaimonic Well-Being, and the role of nostalgia and dress memorabilia in identity formation. From semi-structured interviews with ten participants, two additional subthemes were identified: Reminiscing about Past Selves and Preserving Aspects of Self. These themes revealed that dress memorabilia served as aides-memoires and were the storage media of complex, self-relevant information spurring self-reflection. Furthermore, they enabled the positively framed reconsideration of past selves as well as the integration of aspects of past selves into the self-concept. Findings from this study are contextualized and integrated into existing phenomenological works on fashion, clothing and dress. Finally, the concept of dress nostalgia is furthermore developed and future routes for subsequent research are suggested.
VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE CHLOROPHYLL-A, TEMPERATURE AND FISH CATCH WITHIN INDONESIAN REGION REVEALED BY SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Sachoemar Suhendar 
Published: October 2018

The investigation of sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC) and sea surface temperature (SST) in relation to fish catch variability within the Indonesian region were conducted by using satellite data of NOAA-AVHRR, SeaWiFs and Aqua MODIS. The investigation focused in the region of the coastal area of Java, Lampung Bay and South Kalimantan as representation of the environment diversities of the Indonesian seas.Â The result shows that seasonal variation in fish productivity has a strong correlation with SSC variability. High fish productivity corresponded well with high concentration of SSC, and the productivity tended to decrease when the SSC concentration was declined. High SSC variability in the coastal area of Java and Lampung Bay was governed by the upwellingÂ that induced high nutrient load into the sea surface during the southeast monsoon, whileÂ in the northern coastal area of Java and South Kalimantan, it was governed by high precipitation ocurring during the northwest monsoon that enhanced the nutrient load through the rivers and coastal discharge.
Replanning post-war Birmingham
Authors: Larkham Peter J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe problems and opportunities of post-war reconstruction in the UK are well demonstrated by the city of Birmingham, although what happened there is hardly typical of the country overall. The city was badly bombed, although damage was diffuse. Unusually, no formal ›reconstruction plan‹ was produced because city managers distrusted ›big plans‹, and because there were existing slum clearance plans and ring road aspirations. A new ring road and precinct developments dominated the rebuilt city centre, though the development process was slow and generated very mixed public responses. The architectural and urban forms created were also mixed, but concrete and brutalism reshaped the city’s image. Some of the buildings have not lasted well and were redeveloped after relatively short lives, and the technocentric, car-dominated approach has also failed, with sections of ring road also being redeveloped. This paper demonstrates that even a determined, single-minded approach to reconstruction takes decades to implement; and that changes in fashion and society may very quickly render that reconstruction obsolete
The Costs of Firm Exit and Labour Market Policies: New Evidence from Europe
Authors: Andrews Dan , Ferrari Irene , Saia Alessandro 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The churning of firms is an inherent process of industrialized economies, which entails a high rate of job destruction. Thus, a key question is: what are the policies that minimize the costs of worker displacement due to business closure? Accordingly, this paper exploits a retrospective panel of workers in 13 European countries over the period 1985–2008 to explore the factors which shape the reemployment prospects of workers displaced due to business closure. The results suggest that higher spending on active labour market policies increases the reemployment prospects of the unemployed workers displaced by business closure, both in terms of unemployment duration and in terms of stability of reemployment. On the contrary, there is evidence of a negative and sizable impact of passive labour market policies on unemployment duration.
Optimal taxation under equilibrium unemployment and economic profits
Authors: Jiang Wei 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper develops a heterogeneous agent model with equilibrium unemployment and economic profits due to productive public investment. We find that the presence of profits plays an important role in the determination of long-run optimal tax policy. The Judd-Chamley optimal zero capital tax result can still hold in the model without profits. In this case, the optimal labour wedge is zero in the long run, resulting in welfare gains for all agents and no conflict of interests between agents. But the Benthamite government chooses to subsidise capital income in the long run in the model with economic profits. The resulting labour wedge is non-zero which generates welfare losses of workers despite welfare gains of capitalists. The government also faces a trade-off between efficiency and equity in this case.
Experimental Study of the Mixing and Segregation Behavior in Binary Particle Fluidized Bed with Wide Size Distributions
Authors: Liu Runjia , Zang Yong , Xiao Rui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDetailed understanding the particle mixing and segregation dynamic is essential in successfully designing and reasonably operating multicomponent fluidized bed. In this work, a novel fluorescent tracer technique combining image processing method has been used to investigate the mixing and segregation behavior in a binary fluidized bed with wide size distributions. The particle number percentage in each layer for different gas velocities is obtained by an image processing method. Fluidization, mixing and segregation behavior has been discussed in terms of bed pressure drop, gas velocity and mixing index. Different types of binary particle systems, including the jetsam and the flotsam-rich system, are analyzed and compared. The mixing indexes at different minimum fluidization velocities are also analyzed and compared with other work. The results show that the theoretical minimum fluidization velocity calculated from the bed pressure drop cannot represent the whole fluidization for a wide size distribution binary particle system. The effect of a wide size distribution is an inflection point in the mixing index curve. There is also a dead region in the bottom of the bed that consists of particles with large size and a low degree of sphericity. The particles in the dead region are extraordinarily difficult to fluidize and should be considered in the design of fluidized beds in industrial applications.
The Effect of Turbulence on Momentum and Heat Transport in Packed Beds with Low Tube to Particle Diameter Ratio
Authors: Molina-Herrera F. I. , Castillo-Araiza C. O. , Jiménez-Islas H. , López-Isunza F. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This is a theoretical study about the influence of turbulence on momentum and heat transport in a packed-bed with low tube to particle diameter ratio. The hydrodynamics is given here by the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations including Darcy and Forchheimer terms, plus a κ-ε two-equation model to describe a 2D pseudo-homogeneous medium. For comparison, an equivalent conventional flow model has also been tested. Both models are coupled to a heat transport equation and they are solved using spatial discretization with orthogonal collocation, while the time derivative is discretized by an implicit Euler scheme. We compared the prediction of radial and axial temperature observations from a packed-bed at particle Reynolds numbers (Rep) of 630, 767, and 1000. The conventional flow model uses effective heat transport parameters: wall heat transfer coefficient (hw) and thermal conductivity (keff), whereas the turbulent flow model includes a turbulent thermal conductivity (kt), estimating hw via least-squares with Levenberg-Marquardt method. Although predictions of axial and radial measured temperature profiles with both models show small differences, the calculated radial profiles of the axial velocity component are very different. We demonstrate that the model that includes turbulence compares well with mass flux measurements at the packed-bed inlet, yielding an error of 0.77 % in mass flux balance at Rep = 630. We suggest that this approach can be used efficiently for the hydrodynamics characterization and design and scale-up of packed beds with low tube to particle diameter ratio in several industrial applications.
Postoperative analgesia by adding acupuncture to conventional therapy, a non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Levy Ilana , Attias Samuel , Cohen Lior , Stoppelmann Nadav , Steinberger Dan , Grimberg Ofra , Ben-Arye Eran , Matter Ibrahim , Sroka Gideon , Somri Mostafa , Schiff Elad 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Postoperative pain is common in patients hospitalized in surgical departments, yet it is currently not sufficiently controlled by analgesics. Acupuncture, a complementary medical practice, has been evaluated for its benefits in postoperative pain with heterogeneous results. We tested the feasibility of a controlled study comparing the postoperative analgesic effect of acupuncture together with standard-of-care to standard-of-care only.

Methods
In this pilot non-randomized controlled study conducted at a tertiary medical center in Israel, patients received either acupuncture with standard-of-care pain treatment (acupuncture group) or standard-of-care treatment only (control group) following surgery. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ratings for pain level at rest and in motion were evaluated both at recruitment and two hours after treatment. Acupuncture-related side effects were reported as well.

Results
We recruited 425 patients; 336 were assigned to the acupuncture group and 89 to the control group. The acupuncture group exhibited a decrease of at least 40% in average level of pain both at rest (1.8±2.4, p<0.0001) and in motion (2.1±2.8, p<0.0001) following acupuncture, whereas the control group exhibited no significant decrease (p=0.92 at rest, p=0.98 in motion). Acupuncture's analgesic effect was even more prominent in reducing moderate to severe pain at baseline (VAS ≥4), with a decrease of 49% and 45% of pain level at rest and in motion respectively (p<0.001), compared with no significant amelioration in the control group (p=0.20 at rest, p=0.12 in motion). No major side effects were reported.

Conclusion
Integrating acupuncture with standard care may improve pain control in the postoperative setting.
Effect of Complementary Spiritist Therapy on emotional status, muscle tension, and wellbeing of inpatients with HIV/AIDS: A randomized controlled trial – single–blind
Authors: Carneiro Élida Mara , Borges Rafaela Miranda Carneiro , de Assis Helia Morais Nomelini , Bazaga Lohanna Gutierrez , Tomé Janaíne Machado , da Silva Adriana Paula , Borges Maria de Fátima 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Complementary Spiritist Therapy includes prayer, Spiritist “passe”, fluid therapy (fluidic water or magnetized water), and spiritual education, among other therapeutic resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Complementary Spiritist Therapy with conventional treatment on emotional status, muscle tension and wellbeing of hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS.

Methods
Patients were randomly assigned into either the experimental (3 days [10 mins per day/session] of Complementary Spiritist Therapy alongside conventional treatment; n=20) or control (conventional treatment alone; n=21) group. The primary outcome were positive and negative affects evaluated by the Subjective Wellbeing Scale. The secondary outcome were muscle tension, and wellbeing were assessed by visual analogue scales.

Results
Significant reductions in negative effects (p=0.045), and muscle tension (p=0.022), along with significant increases in wellbeing (p=0.041) were recorded in the experimental group (Complementary Spiritist Therapy).

Conclusions
Reductions in negative effects and muscle tension, along with increased perceived wellbeing, were observed in hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS exposed Complementary Spiritist Therapy combined conventional treatment compared to conventional treatment alone.
Effect of Ocimum basilicum leaves extract on acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity in BALB/c mice
Authors: Karaali Hajar F. , Fahmi Ragaee R. , Borjac Jamilah M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used drugs to treat pain. Its overdose is lethal causing liver and kidney failure. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are mostly due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Ocimum basilicum, known as basil, is a commonly used medicinal plant due to its versatile role as antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-oxidative. We aim in this study to investigate the preventive and protective effect of basil leaves aqueous extract against APAP-induced hepatorenal toxicity in BALB/c mice.

Methods
Acute kidney injury (AKI) was induced in mice using APAP. Mice were treated with basils extract pre and post AKI induction. Kidney and liver functions were assessed by measuring creatinine, urea, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels in serum. Superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde levels of renal and hepatic tissues were assayed using Elisa. Kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) was quantified in kidney homogenate. Histopathological analysis of kidney and liver were examined.

Results
Significant increase in all serum parameters, in hepatic and renal MDA, and in renal KIM-1 levels was observed post AKI induction. Treatment with basils post AKI induction minimized APAP damage by reducing serum markers and MDA in both organs and by increasing SOD and CAT. However, pretreatment with basils extract caused additional increase in serum ALT and AST and MDA in liver, with a significant increase in renal antioxidant enzymes. These results were confirmed by histopathological examination.

Conclusion
Basil extract may act as a natural antioxidant to treat APAP-induced acute hepato-renal toxicity when used as a post-treatment.