bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Controlled Release Strategies for Human Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Dan , Liu Wei , Venkatesan Jagadeesh K. , Madry Henning , Cucchiarini Magali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis is a progressive, irreversible debilitating whole joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite the availability of various options (non‐pharmacological and pharmacological treatments and therapy, orthobiologics, and surgical interventions), none of them can definitively cure osteoarthritis in patients. Strategies based on the controlled release of therapeutic compounds via biocompatible materials may provide powerful tools to enhance the spatiotemporal delivery, expression, and activities of the candidate agents as a means to durably manage the pathological progression of osteoarthritis in the affected joints upon convenient intra‐articular (injectable) delivery while reducing their clearance, dissemination, or side effects. The goal of this review is to describe the current knowledge and advancements of controlled release to treat osteoarthritis, from basic principles to applications in vivo using therapeutic recombinant molecules and drugs and more innovatively gene sequences, providing a degree of confidence to manage the disease in patients in a close future.
Anthracene‐Based Endoperoxides as Self‐Sensitized Singlet Oxygen Carriers for Hypoxic‐Tumor Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: He Yan‐Qin , Tang Jian‐Hong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSinglet oxygen is a crucial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment limits the production of cytotoxic singlet oxygen through the light irradiation of PDT photosensitizers (PSs). This restriction poses a major challenge in improving the effectiveness of PDT. To overcome this challenge, researchers have explored the development of singlet oxygen carriers that can capture and release singlet oxygen in physiological conditions. Among these developments, anthracene‐based endoperoxides, initially discovered almost 100 years ago, have shown the ability to generate singlet oxygen controllably under thermal or photo stimuli. Recent advancements have led to the development of a new class of self‐sensitized anthracene‐endoperoxides, with potential applications in enhancing PDT effects for hypoxic tumors. This review discusses the current research progress in utilizing self‐sensitized anthracene‐endoperoxides as singlet oxygen carriers for improved PDT. It covers anthracene‐conjugated small organic molecules, metal–organic complexes, polymeric structures, and other self‐sensitized nano‐structures. The molecular structural designs, mechanisms, and characteristics of these systems will be discussed. This review aims to provide valuable insights for developing high‐performance singlet oxygen carriers for hypoxic‐tumor PDT.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Responsive Cu2MoS4@GelMA Hydrogel with Photothermal Therapy, Antibacterial Effect and Bone Immunomodulation for Accelerating Infection Elimination and Fracture Healing
Authors: Xiu Haonan , Yang Kaili , Dong Li , Lai Haohua , Zhu Zhangyu , Jiang Dongdong , Yan Junwei , Shi Chen , Pan Shaowei , Yin Zhaowei , Yuwen Lihui , Liang Bin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractManaging fracture infections is a significant challenge in trauma orthopedics, given the limited self‐healing capacity of fractures and the difficulty in eradicating infections. In this study, Cu2MoS4 nanoparticles (CMSs) with are prepared enzyme‐like activity and both pH and near‐infrared (NIR) light responsiveness. These CMSs are combined with methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) to synthesize CMSs hydrogels (CMSs@Gel) with antimicrobial and bone tissue repair‐promoting capabilities. In vitro and in vivo experiments, the CMSs@Gel demonstrated good biocompatibility; peroxidase‐like (POD), oxidase‐like (OXD), and catalase‐like (CAT) activities; excellent photothermal conversion efficiency; and immunomodulatory capacity. Furthermore, the CMSs@Gel exhibited slow degradation, enabling it to exert different pH‐responsive enzyme activities and modulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the polarization of macrophages throughout the treatment process. Notably, these effects are significantly enhanced under near‐infrared (NIR) light. Additionally, under NIR irradiation, the CMSs@Gel maintained the fracture environment at a mild temperature (40–42 °C), promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In summary, the CMSs@Gel enhances bactericidal activity during fracture infection and effectively promotes fracture healing after infection control, providing long‐term therapeutic effects. This study offers a robust theoretical basis for the staged and long‐term treatment of fracture infections in the future.
Viscoelastic High‐Molecular‐Weight Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Support Rapid Glioblastoma Cell Invasion with Leader–Follower Dynamics
Authors: Carvalho Emily M. , Ding Erika A. , Saha Atul , Garcia Diana Cruz , Weldy Anna , Zushin Peter‐James H. , Stahl Andreas , Aghi Manish K. , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA), the primary component of brain extracellular matrix, is increasingly used to model neuropathological processes, including glioblastoma (GBM) tumor invasion. While elastic hydrogels based on crosslinked low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) HA are widely exploited for this purpose and have proven valuable for discovery and screening, brain tissue is both viscoelastic and rich in high‐MW (HMW) HA, and it remains unclear how these differences influence invasion. To address this question, hydrogels comprised of either HMW (1.5 MDa) or LMW (60 kDa) HA are introduced, characterized, and applied in GBM invasion studies. Unlike LMW HA hydrogels, HMW HA hydrogels relax stresses quickly, to a similar extent as brain tissue, and to a greater extent than many conventional HA‐based scaffolds. GBM cells implanted within HMW HA hydrogels invade much more rapidly than in their LMW HA counterparts and exhibit distinct leader–follower dynamics. Leader cells adopt dendritic morphologies similar to invasive GBM cells observed in vivo. Transcriptomic, pharmacologic, and imaging studies suggest that leader cells exploit hyaluronidase, an enzyme strongly enriched in human GBMs, to prime a path for followers. This study offers new insight into how HA viscoelastic properties drive invasion and argues for the use of highly stress‐relaxing materials to model GBM.
Multiple Defect‐Induced High‐Resolution Near‐Infrared Mechanoluminescent Materials for Non‐Destructive Detection of Blood Glucose and Lipids
Authors: Wu Sheng , Zhou Guangyu , Wu Yafen , Xiong Puxian , Xiao Binli , Zhou Zhiyao , Xiao Yao , Shao Peishan , Wang Shouping , Shao Zhigang , Wang Yinzhen , Wang Feifei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMechanoluminescence (ML) materials, known for their ability to convert mechanical energy into light, are increasingly recognized for their potential applications, such as in intelligent stress sensing, in vivo bioimaging, and stress non‐destructive monitoring. However, the low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and narrow‐band emission of single‐defect‐induced ML materials usually limit their biological‐related practical applications. Here, these limitations will be addressed by modulating the microstructure evolution in Y3Ga3MgSiO12:Cr3+ through the [Si4++Mg2+] → [Ga3++Ga3+] chemical substitution strategy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals the defect types and dynamic charge migration processes. In addition, Y3Ga3MgSiO12: Cr3+ with continuously distributed “shallow‐deep” defects (0.68–1.61 eV) can avoid persistent luminescence (PersL) and bright‐field environment interference. Herein, such high SNR near‐infrared broadband ML emission may provide a reliable way for high‐quality biological non‐destructive sensing and detection. Finally, benefiting from the different absorption of ML signals in glucose/lipid, one may find a novel non‐invasive blood glucose/lipid testing technology in patients.
Ru‐Incorporation‐Induced Phase Transition in Co Nanoparticles for Low‐Concentration Nitric Oxide Electroreduction to Ammonia at Low Potential
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Fan Guilan , Luan Deyan , Guo Yan , Gu Xiaojun , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of nitric oxide (NO) to ammonia (NH3) represents a potential solution for improving the disrupted nitrogen cycle balance. Unfortunately, designing efficient electrocatalysts for NO reduction reaction (NORR) remains a notable challenge, especially at low concentrations. Herein, a displacement‐alloying strategy is reported to successfully induce the phase transition of Co nanoparticles supported on carbon nanosheets from face‐centered cubic (fcc) to hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) structure through Ru incorporation. The obtained RuCo alloy with hcp phase structure (hcp‐RuCo) exhibits apparent NORR activity with a record‐high Faraday efficiency of 99.2% and an NH3 yield of 77.76 µg h−1 mgcat−1 at −0.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode at a NO concentration of 1 vol %, surpassing Co nanoparticles with fcc phase structure and most reported catalysts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the excellent NORR activity of hcp‐RuCo can be attributed to the optimized electronic structure of Co site and lowered energy barrier of the potential rate‐determining step through phase transition. Furthermore, the assembled Zn‐NO battery using hcp‐RuCo as the cathode achieves a power density of 2.33 mW cm−2 and an NH3 yield of 45.94 µg h−1 mgcat−1. This work provides a promising research perspective for low‐concentration NO conversion.
A Multi‐Functional Foam with an Integrated Antique Square Pedestal Structure Exhibiting Broadband and Stable Microwave Absorption Performance
Authors: Zheng Wen , Wang Xin , Liu Bo , Yang Chenhui , Zhang Aibo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA multifunctional absorbing foam (CIPs‐COP/CNTs/PDMS) is fabricated via a simple template casting method, employing mesoporous carbonyl iron (CIPs) and carbonized orange peel (COP) as absorbing agents, along with flexible PDMS modified by CNTs serving as the matrix material. An elaborate design in the work is that a nano‐micron hierarchical rough structure is constructed via coating CNTs on foam surface, aiming to harvest synergistic effect of hydrophobicity and absorbing performance, where the contact angle is 136.2° and reflection loss (RLmin) reaches −48.2 dB. The absorbing stability and resistance sensitivity are investigated. The results manifest that CIPs‐COP/CNTs/PDMS foam exhibits highly sensitive resistance responses to force, including strength and direction. The foam's RLmin values remain nearly unchanged at ‐46.0 dB after 365 days of exposure to atmosphere, indicating a steady absorption properties. Significantly, to broaden the absorption bandwidth, tri‐layer square pedestal foam is assembled, the integrated structure feature is similar to ancient architecture, achieving RLmin of −52.0 dB and broadband of 12.5 GHz, covering full of Ku and X bands, and part of C band. The CIPs‐COP/CNTs/PDMS foam is expected to become a multi‐function material for outdoor application due to its hydrophobicity, machine‐electricity sensitivity, and stable absorbing properties.
Sensitive‐Tunable 1D Strain Sensor that is Only Sensitive to Axial Deformation
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Yang Bowen , Li Ruiran , Shen Xinyu , Wang Huayi , Tang Lixue , Gu Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSoft strain sensors can accurately monitor the deformation of irregular and dynamic surfaces. However, traditional thin‐film strain sensors are generally not direction‐specific, and the sensor becomes unpredictable when stretched in different directions simultaneously. Here, a soft 1D strain sensor is reported that is only sensitive to axial deformation by rolling up a thin‐film strain sensor based on liquid metals (LM) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer. The sensitivity of the 1D sensor can be regulated by rolling the 2D sensor at different angles. The 1D strain sensors have a large strain measuring range (>100%), high strain resolution (0.5%), fast responsiveness (<40 ms), and high reproducibility (over 2000 cycles), which are expected to adapt to various application scenarios with different sensitivity requirements. In addition, 1D strain sensors with different sensitivities can be braided into a three‐strand braid to provide measurements with three different sensitivities at the same time.
Hydrothermal Conditions Enhance Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction: A Sustainable Path to Efficient Carbon Recycling
Authors: Tomai Takaaki , Guzman‐Urbina Alexander , Sato Takafumi , Iwase Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn converting CO2 into useful chemical starting materials, the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) promises to be a major carbon‐utilization strategy, contributing to a carbon‐neutral society. These are proposed using hydrothermal conditions—characterized by high temperature and high pressure—to address the challenges of CO2RR. Technology assessment revealed that the additional energy to create hydrothermal conditions doesnot increase the overall energy demand for chemical production, and the CO2 emissions from methanol production through hydrothermal electrochemical CO2RR can be negative with the photovoltaic electricity and waste heat supply. Moreover, These experimentally demonstrated promising improvements in the CO2RR process using hydrothermal conditions and elucidated the specific roles of temperature and pressure in promoting CO2RR. An increase in the process temperature to 150 °C, improves the CO2 diffusion coefficient in water, resulting in the enhancement of current density and the reduction of activation overpotential for CO2RR. On the other hand, the pressurization by CO2 can prevent the decrease in CO2 solubility under high‐temperature conditions, keeping a high selectivity of CO2RR. These findings indicate a plausible avenue for the efficient recycling of CO2 and its integration into the carbon cycle, marking a significant stride toward a sustainable, zero‐emission society.
Chemical Pressure‐Induced Unconventional Band Convergence Leads to High Thermoelectric Performance in SnTe
Authors: Ming Hongwei , Luo Zhong‐Zhen , Zou Zhigang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBand convergence is considered a net benefit to thermoelectric performance as it decouples the density of states effective mass () and carrier mobility (µ) by increasing valley degeneracy. Unlike conventional methods that typically prioritize at the expense of µ, this study theoretically demonstrates an unconventional band convergence strategy to enhance both and µ in SnTe under pressure. Density functional theory calculations reveal that increasing pressure from 0 to 5 GPa moves the Σ‐band of SnTe upward, reducing the energy offset between L‐ and Σ‐band from 0.35 to 0.2 eV while preserving the light band feature of the L‐band. Consequently, a high power factor (PF) of 119.2 µW cm−1 K−2 at 300 K is achieved for p‐type SnTe under 5 GPa. Chemical pressure also induces conduction band convergence, significantly enhancing the PF of n‐type SnTe. Additionally, the interplay between pressure‐induced phonon modes leads to a moderate increase in lattice thermal conductivity of SnTe below 3 GPa, which combined with the significantly enhanced PF, contributes to a large enhancement in ZT. Consequently, predicted ZT values of 2.12 at 650 K and 2.55 at 850 K are obtained for p‐ and n‐type SnTe, respectively, showcasing substantial performance enhancements.
Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Compounds Derived from Kotoite‐related Structures: A2MB2O6 (A=Zn, Ba, Pb; B=Pb, Ba, Zn, Cu)
Authors: Sasmal Shreya , Devarajan Nainamalai , Natarajan Srinivasan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA series of compounds with the general formula A2MB2O6 (A=Zn, Ba, Pb; B=Pb, Ba, Zn, Cu) related to the kotoite structure has been prepared employing high‐temperature solid state methods. The substitution of transition elements in place of Zn2+ ions resulted in colored compounds. The optical absorption spectra could be explained based on Tanabe‐Sugano diagram and allowed d‐d transitions. Dielectric studies on Ba2ZnB2O6, (Ba1.5Pb0.5)ZnB2O6, PbZn2B2O6, Pb1.5Zn1.5B2O6, BaZn2B2O6 and Pb2CuB2O6 at room temperature indicate reasonable values at low frequencies, which decrease on increasing frequencies. Magnetic study of synthesized single‐phase compounds BaZnCoB2O6 and Pb2CuB2O6 have been performed. The substitution of Eu3+, Tb3+ and Tm3+ in place of Ba2+ in Ba2ZnB2O6, gives rise to the expected emission of red, green and blue colors. Suitable modifications of the different phosphors in Ba2ZnB2O6, resulted in white‐light emission in Ba2ZnB2O6. The Pb2CuB2O6 compound was found to be a good catalyst in the ipso‐hydroxylation of arylboronic acids.
From Waste to Power: Developing Structural Supercapacitors with Red Mud and Jute Stick
Authors: Nor Zakaria Mohamed , Al‐Qwairi Fatima Omar , Mirghni Abdulmajid A , Al‐Fakih Amin , Ahmad Shamsad , Al‐Osta Mohammed A. , Alzahrani Atif Saeed , Budaiwi Ismail M. , Aziz Md. Abdul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping effective, cost‐efficient, and eco‐friendly energy storage solutions is crucial for sustainable building structures. Red mud, a waste material, was used as the electrolyte and separator in supercapacitors, alongside activated carbon derived from jute sticks coated on steel mesh electrodes. Tests on RM‐enhanced supercapacitors showed that 20 % by weight of RM was the best amount. This increased the modulus of elasticity by 33 %, the tensile strength by 3 %, and the compressive strength by 10 %. Durability was largely unaffected, with minimal additional water absorption and slight shrinkage variation. The supercapacitor cell had an extended cell potential of 1.5 V and a maximum specific capacitance of 62.3 F g‐1 at 0.4 A g‐1, as shown by electrochemical tests. This improved energy density to 19.5 Wh kg‐1, with a power density of 301.8 W kg‐1 at 0.4 A g‐1 and a maximum power density of 605.8 W kg‐1 at 0.8 A g‐1. The cell retained 77 % of its initial capacitance after 450 continuous GCD cycles, demonstrating notable stability. This stability is due to the solid electrolyte and the synergy between JC and RM, indicating promising advancements for future energy storage devices.
Prescribed‐time distributed optimization for multi‐agent system subject to inequality constraints
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Wen , Zhou Chen‐An , Liu Zhi‐Wei , Lai Qiang , Ge Ming‐Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the prescribed‐time distributed optimization control problem of multi‐agent system subject to inequality constraints over directed networks. The log‐barrier penalty function method is utilized to cope with the effects of inequality constraints. First, the relationship between the original problem and the processed unconstrained optimization problem is presented. By means of the zero‐gradient‐sum method and the integral sliding mode technique, the controller is designed such that the state of each agent converges to a vicinity of the optimal solution in a specified time. The interior point theorem ensures that the inequality constraints always hold. Numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
Impact of race and ethnicity on clinical outcomes and recurrence post‐ureteral reconstruction
Authors: Puri Dhruv , Cho Eric , Ahmadieh Kian , Garg Nishant , Delgado Cesar , Cedars Benjamin , Witthaus Michael , Pan Michael , Buckley Jill C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionUreteral stricture disease (UTSD) poses significant challenges in reconstructive urology, with recent advances highlighting disparities in healthcare outcomes based on race and ethnicity. This study investigates the impact of race and ethnicity on clinical outcomes following ureteral reconstruction.MethodsWe conducted a single‐centre prospective analysis of 233 patients who underwent ureteral reconstruction for UTSD from 2014 to 2023. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, surgical details and outcomes were collected. Patients were stratified by race (White vs. non‐White) and ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non‐Hispanic). Statistical analyses included Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U tests, ANOVA, Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOur cohort included 233 patients who underwent ureteroplasty with 108 (46.4%) non‐White patients, and 71 (30.5%) were Hispanic. No significant differences were found in recurrence rates, complications, or stricture‐free survival between racial and ethnic groups. Prior reconstructions were more prevalent among non‐White patients (26.9% vs. 16.0%; p = 0.043). Unadjusted and adjusted regressions showed significant associations between non‐White race (unadjusted β = 0.76, p = 0.008; adjusted β = 0.82, p = 0.008) and Hispanic ethnicity (unadjusted β = 0.70, p = 0.025; adjusted β = 0.79, p = 0.020) with increased stricture lengths.ConclusionThis study highlights that although recurrence and complication rates do not significantly differ by race or ethnicity, disparities exist in clinical presentations, with non‐White and Hispanic patients presenting with longer stricture lengths and higher body mass index. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address underlying disparities in healthcare delivery and access.
Long live the cat: Ocelot population viability in a planned reintroduced population in Texas, USA
Authors: Martinez Lindsay A. , Lombardi Jason V. , Parker Israel D. , East Forrest , Campbell Tyler A. , Lopez Roel R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractReintroductions are often needed to recover carnivore populations and restore ecological processes. Felids are common subjects of reintroduction efforts, but published population models informing felid reintroduction plans are uncommon, and poor planning has sometimes caused issues in felid reintroduction programs. In the United States, ocelots (Leopardus pardalis pardalis) are classified as endangered, and recovery requires population expansion into historic habitat. A multi‐organization effort is underway to establish a new ocelot population in Texas by releasing ocelots into an area of 478 km2 of suitable habitat in ocelots' historic but now unoccupied range. In this study, we used population viability analyses to compare different ocelot reintroduction strategies for the identified reintroduction area. Based on a potential ocelot breeding program's limitations, we modeled reintroduction using a founding population of no more than six ocelots and no more than four ocelots released per year for no more than 15 subsequent years. Within these limitations, we assessed projected population abundances and extinction risks after 30 years for 20 different reintroduction strategies. We found that long‐term releases are necessary to establish a viable population; under conservative model assumptions, releasing six ocelots in the initial year and then releasing four individuals annually for an additional 10–15 years is necessary for attaining a projected population greater than 36.62 ocelots (baseline) with <6% extinction risk. We also found that ocelot population abundance is about equally sensitive to post‐release mortality and inbreeding depression. This highlights the importance of not only supporting reintroduced ocelots' survival but also managing for high genetic diversity in the reintroduction program. Further, we found that realistic but more liberal assumptions on the carrying capacity of the reintroduction area and the age of first reproduction for ocelots increase projected population abundances (53.95 individuals and 61.26 individuals, respectively), and thus reintroduction success. The model's sensitivity to carrying capacity suggests that long‐term habitat protection and expansion are among the most important management actions to support ocelot reintroduction. Our study establishes the first population viability model for an ocelot reintroduction plan anywhere across the species' wide geographic range, and it reinforces several key considerations for wildlife reintroduction efforts worldwide.