bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terrorism, organised crime and threat mitigation in a globalised world
Authors: El Siwi Yara 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe gruesome attacks of 11 September 2001 signalled a powerful paradigm shift in international politics: governments previously accustomed to military menaces were now being increasingly threatened by independent, non-state actors. Consequently, a plethora of literature emerged, looking to better understand the nature of these actors. An aspect that has attracted substantial interest is the inter-relation between terrorism and organised crime (OC). This paper aims to answer the question as to whether, for the purpose of controlling and mitigating the threat they pose to society, there is meaning in differentiating between terrorist organisations (TOs) and organised crime groups (OCGs).Design/methodology/approachThe first section of the paper will provide an account of the various kinds of threats posed by OCGs and TOs. The subsequent section will question whether it is possible, in today’s globalised era, to distinguish between these two actors, while the last sections will ask if such a differentiation is desirable.FindingsOCGs and TOs display a clear divergence: the former’s motivation is financial while the latter’s political. With the end of the Cold War, however, each type of organisation has been building up the capabilities of the other, helped by the force of global networks. As such, these two actors now exist within the same body – a continuum – that renders their separation difficult. As to the question of desirability, the separation of the two phenomena has often led to the adoption of highly disproportionate militarised and securitised measures, resulting in a dangerous blending of law enforcement and security service methodology.Originality/valueMany have argued for the separation of the “terrorist” from the “criminal”, on the grounds that the former is particularly heinous and deserving of more severe measures. Others have studied the evolution of these two phenomena to understand whether the lines separating them have been blurring and the extent to which this affects law-enforcement. This paper goes beyond notions of feasibility and poses the following question: has the traditional separation of these phenomena led to a desirable regime?
Terrorism financing and money laundering: two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Compin Frederic 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse how terrorism financing can be assimilated with money launderning when the amounts ofmoney involved differ so markedly. Not only is the cost of financing terrorist attacks minimal compared to the huge sums often at stake in financial crimes, but also the psychological profile of terrorists, who are reclusive by nature, contrasts starkly with that of financial criminals, who are usually fully integrated members of society. When terrorism financing is equated with money laundering this represents a utilitarian approach in that it facilitates the creation of a security strategy and stifles criticism of criminogenic capitalismthat turns a blind eye to tax evasion.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is conceptual, focussing on the assimilation of terrorism financing with money laundering. There is an interview with a French magistrate, specialized in the fight against corruption and white-collar crime, and data have been collected from international organizations and scholarly articles.

Findings
The fight against money laundering and money dirtying has clearly sparked numerous controversies around evaluation, scope, criminal perpetrators and a lack of vital cooperation between administrative and judicial services.

Social implications
This paper raises questions about the reasons behind the linking of money laundering and money dirtying by states and players in public international law and why the fight against money laundering is very much overshadowed by their focus on terrorist financing in dealing with the growing threat of Islamic State, otherwise known as ISIS or ISIL, in the Middle East and West Africa.

Originality/value
The paper enables the reader to raise the question of similarities between the fight against money laundering and the fight against terrorism financing.
Workplace fraud and theft in SMEs
Authors: Yekini Kemi , Ohalehi Paschal , Oguchi Ifeyinwa , Abiola James 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate employee fraud within small enterprises in the Nigerian mobile phone sector. It also seeks to understand the key factors that motivate employees to engage in fraudulent behaviours against their employers, and the consequences of these fraudulent behaviours on small businesses (SMEs) in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study involves the use of quantitative research. Data were collected through structured questionnaires from 159 business owners, sales representatives, cashiers and suppliers. Frequency distribution, percentages, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the collected data.FindingsThe findings from this research show a significant relationship between personal and organisational factors and employee theft. Particularly, organisational factors made the strongest positive contribution to employee theft. The research also revealed that employee theft had significant effects on employers but less significance on employees. In addition, the research revealed that many businesses did not have preventive measures against employee theft in their firms. The findings of this study were compared with existing literature.Originality/valueThis study shows the relationship between different factors that could cause an employee to engage in fraudulent behaviours, particularly in SMEs in Nigeria.
Corporate disclosure on anti-corruption practice
Authors: Issa Ayman , Alleyne Antonio 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to determine the extent of anti-corruption information disclosure in the sustainability reports originating from Gulf countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes a deeply rooted content analysis technique of corporate sustainability reporting, covering 66 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) firms during 2014.FindingsStrengthened by the application of the institutional theory, insight into the results points to a state of limited maturity regarding the disclosure of anti-corruption procedures in the region. More specifically, the results highlight the compliance in the reporting of conduct code, while reporting information on whistleblowing was significantly less in comparison. Firms in Qatar and the UAE ultimately release better informed reports, inclusive of detailed information on internal anti-corruption practices.Originality/valueThe aim of this study is to determine the extent of sustainability reporting in GCC companies under coercive isomorphism concept, with a special interest in the disclosure of anti-corruption practices. Ultimately, addressing the following questions: To what extent the GCC companies disclose their anti-corruption practices in the sustainability reports? What areas of anti-corruption disclosure the GCC is more concerned in their sustainability reports? To what extent do external forces under coercive isomorphism explain the extent of anti-corruption?
Anti-bribery compliance incentives
Authors: Teichmann Fabian Maximilian Johannes 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss an innovative approach to eliminating bribery in multinational corporations. In particular, the concept of using incentive systems to fight corruption is assessed.Design/methodology/approachBased on the analysis of ten formal and ten informal expert interviews with both prevention experts and corrupt employees, a combination of bonus-malus payments is developed.FindingsA performance matrix could be used to incentivize both compliance and productivity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study’s findings are limited to the perspectives of 20 interviewees. Hence, it is possible that a study with a larger sample conducted in different countries or at a different time would have led to different results.Practical implicationsThe identification of gaps in existing anti-bribery compliance mechanisms is meant to provide compliance officers and legislators with valuable insights into how undesirable behavior could be prevented.Originality/valueIt is found that eliminating the wrong incentives and establishing the right ones could make significant strides in advancing the fight against bribery.
Servitization as a competitive difference in humanitarian logistics
Authors: Heaslip Graham , Kovács Gyöngyi , Grant David B. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a literature review and conceptual consideration of servitization in humanitarian logistics (HL) and provide a research agenda for HL scholars and insight for practitioners and by doing so will fill a gap in existing research and practice.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a literature-based approach that extends concepts usually applied in a commercial context to the area of HL.FindingsThe paper initiates a discourse on the importance of taking into account servitization in developing and managing effective emergency relief chains. This paper argues that a broader servitization paradigm needs to be integrated for international humanitarian organisations (IHOs) to maintain a competitive advantage.Originality/valueThe authors investigate servitization as a management innovation in IHOs and plot a research agenda for scholars.
Effects of team unlearning on employee creativity
Authors: Matsuo Makoto 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Although unlearning is considered an essential step for creativity, little is known about the relationship between team unlearning and employee creativity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of individual reflection between team unlearning and employee creativity.

Design/methodology/approach
The research model was tested using multisource survey data from 164 employees in 28 teams at a manufacturing firm and a service firm.

Findings
The results of the multilevel analyses indicated that team unlearning had a positive influence on supervisor-rated employee creativity, fully mediated by individual reflection.

Practical implications
It should be noted that employee creativity is not automatically enhanced through team unlearning. Managers should encourage members to reflect on their work practices following team-unlearning exercises for the purpose of enhancing their creativity.

Originality/value
The findings contribute to the existing literature by demonstrating that reflective practices play significant roles in linking team unlearning with employee creativity. This study explored preceding literature examining employee creativity in terms of the unlearning process.
Option ordering and coordination strategies for a two-periodsupply chain
Authors: Wan Nana , Wu Xiaozhi 
Published: October 2018

PurposeDue to rapid product obsolescence, there is a significant decline in the market prices, which causes that the sale season is often divided into two periods. This paper aims to consider a class of two-period supply contracts that offer the retailer the ordering flexibility in response to the market changes. This paper analyzes the two-period ordering and coordination problem with option contracts.Design/methodology/approachThe authors incorporate call, put and bidirectional option contracts into the two-period ordering model. By applying stochastic dynamic programming, the authors derive the retailer’s optimal ordering policies for two periods. By benchmarking the case without option contracts, they highlight the advantage of option contracts. Through the mutual comparisons, the authors also explore the impacts of different option contracts. On this basis, the authors explore the conditions on which two-period supply contracts containing options can coordinate the supply chain.FindingsThis study shows that the retailer is always better off with option contracts. In addition, the effectiveness of different option contracts depends on the option contract parameters. When the parameters are the same for different option contracts, bidirectional option contracts are superior to call and put ones; otherwise, bidirectional option contracts might be superior or inferior to call and put ones. If designed properly, two-period supply contracts containing options can coordinate the two-period supply chain.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to highlight the value of option contracts as well as explore the role of different option contracts on the two-period procurement problem. The insights derived from our analysis can provide a good way on how to help the retailer work more efficiently in a two-period setting.
Parametric study and surface morphology analysis of electron beam selective melting
Authors: Qian Ya , Yan Wentao , Lin Feng 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to study the effect of processing parameters and the fundamental mechanism of surface morphologies during electron beam selective melting.

Design/methodology/approach
From the powder-scale level, first, the discrete element method is used to obtain the powder bed distribution that is comparable with the practical condition; then, the finite volume method is used to simulate the particle melting and flowing process. A physically reliable energy distribution of the electron beam is applied and the volume of fluid method is coupled to capture the free boundary flow. Twelve sets of parameters grouped into three categories are examined, focusing on the effect of scan speed, input powder and energy density.

Findings
According to the results, both melting pool width and depth have a positive relation with the energy density, whereas the melting pool length is insensitive to the scan velocity change. The balling effect is attributed to either an insufficient energy input or the flow instability; the hump effect originates from the mismatch between electron beam moving and the fluid flow. The scan speed is a key parameter closely related to melting pool size and surface morphologies.

Originality/value
Through a number of case studies, this paper gives a comprehensive insight of the parameter effects and mechanisms of different surface morphologies, which helps to better control the manufacturing quality of electron beam selective melting.
Analysis of the influence of polylactic acid (PLA) colour on FDM 3D printing temperature and part finishing
Authors: Soares Juliana Breda , Finamor João , Silva Fabio Pinto , Roldo Liane , Cândido Luis Henrique 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the effect of different polylactic acid (PLA) colours used on fused deposition modelling (FDM), considering the product finishing quality produced with the same process conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology adopted was to design a virtual modelling object and three-dimensional (3D) print it with FDM with different PLA colours (natural, green and black), using the same parameters. 3D scanning and scanning electron microscopy was used to analyse the model finishing of each sample. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to characterize the material and verify if the colour affected its thermal behaviour.

Findings
Findings showed that different PLA colours lead to distinct 3D printed finishings under the same process conditions. Thermal analysis showed a reason for the printing finishing difference. The degradation temperatures and the glass temperatures vary depending on the PLA colour. This affects the FDM working temperature.

Originality/value
This study will contribute to improving the finishing quality of 3D printed products by collaborating to the determination of its process conditions.
Assemblages of private waste management and recycling
Authors: Bortolotti Andrea 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to build a political understanding of private waste management. Although the politics of waste is a matter of increasing interest across the social sciences, private sector choices about waste prevention and recycling – and their impacts on society – receive little attention in waste scholarship.

Design/methodology/approach
Leveraging assemblage thinking and the actor-network theory, this paper provides an empirical analysis of waste prevention and recycling practices in the marketplace of Anderlecht, in Brussels. This particular case is of interest because it concerns the largest and most popular city marketplace and a resource for the most socioeconomically precarious among Brussels’ population.

Findings
Over the past decade, under the banner of sustainability, the private company that managed the site developed multiple initiatives to prevent litter and control the costs of waste management by introducing new regulations and engaging with both the private and non-profit sectors.

Originality/value
Yet, the impact of these initiatives remains unknown with regard to the community served by the market and its vendors in particular. This paper presents the results of a series of fieldwork activities and interviews with key informants and actors in waste management conducted over more than a year since November 2016.
The Brexit Negotiations and Financial Services: A Two‐Level Game Analysis
Authors: James Scott , Quaglia Lucia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper examines the state of the art of the Brexit negotiations in the area of financial services. It uses a two‐level game model to first explain the positions of UK and EU negotiators on the basis of the domestic constraints they face, and second, to consider the scope for final agreement based on the ‘win‐set’ of both sides. The paper analyses the preferences and power of three main groups of players within the UK and EU: the political authorities, financial regulators, and the financial industry. We argue that the scope for agreement on financial services has been severely hampered by political and regulatory constraints which forced UK and EU negotiators to adopt early hawkish negotiating positions, and by the absence of a unified position from the financial industry. After the 2017 general election, the position of the UK government and UK financial industry briefly converged, thereby narrowing the domestic win‐set, but also increasing the scope for agreement. However, the July 2018 ‘Chequers’ deal represents a hardening of the UK government's position on financial services. We argue that this reflects the fact that the twin pressures facing UK negotiators—acute political constraints at home and bargaining weakness in Brussels—has become more, not less, acute over time.
Recalibrating social protection: Electoral competition and the new partisan politics of the welfare state
Authors: ABOU‐CHADI TARIK , IMMERGUT ELLEN M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article investigates the new party politics of welfare states with a particular focus on electoral competition. The argument is that welfare state politics are no longer just about more or less, but involve trade‐offs among ‘new’ versus ‘old’ social rights, and hence social investment versus social consumption. However, party priorities on these issues are highly dependent upon their electoral situation. As electoral competition becomes more intense, parties focus more on vote maximisation than on their traditional policy goals. For left parties, this means focusing more on social investment, which appeals to their growing constituency of progressive sociocultural professionals, and less on defending the traditional income maintenance programmes favoured by their core blue‐collar voters. Centre‐right parties, on the other hand, should hesitate to retrench old social rights when electoral competition intensifies because they need to prioritise their appeal to culturally conservative working‐class voters over their traditional fiscally conservative policy profiles. Using a new dataset and a recently published measure of electoral competitiveness, the article shows that as electoral competition intensifies, left governments are willing to prioritise social investment by reducing pension rights generosity in order to expand programmes for new social risks, while centre‐right governments by contrast avoid retrenchment of pension rights and pension expenditures. The findings demonstrate that this relationship is moderated by the presence of a credible radical right challenger, which increases the electoral risk of welfare state recalibration.
Drugs for hyperlipidaemia may slow down the progression of hearing loss in the elderly: A drug repurposing study
Authors: Choo Oak‐Sung , Yoon Dukyong , Choi Young , Jo Soojung , Jung Ho‐Min , An Jun Young , Choung Yun‐Hoon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHearing loss in the elderly causes communication difficulties, decreased quality of life, isolation, loneliness and frustration. The aim of this study was to identify the modifiable variables that may affect the progression of hearing loss in the elderly. A case‐control study was conducted using two data sets. Data were extracted from the health examination survey of Ajou University Hospital (2010‐2014) and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009‐2012) data sets. Audiometry data were evaluated according to variables such as age, sex and drug use for underlying diseases. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the entire study population, and middle‐aged and elderly groups using odds ratios (ORs). Factors including older age, female gender and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with hearing levels in all age groups (OR [95% confidence interval, 95% CI], 0.375 [0.388‐0.415], 1.202 [1.195‐1.208], and 1.427 [1.183‐1.721], respectively). However, when the results from the middle‐aged and elderly groups were compared, medication for hyperlipidaemia had a significantly positive effect on the preservation of hearing in the elderly group (OR [95% CI], 0.713 [0.567‐0.897]), but not in the middle‐aged group (OR [95% CI], 0.967 [0.791‐1.183]). People, especially those in the elderly group, exposed to medication for hyperlipidaemia are likely to have better hearing than those not exposed to such drugs. Thus, drugs prescribed for hyperlipidaemia may maintain hearing in the elderly. However, to overcome potential confounding—by unmeasured variables—that is present in this study, further studies must be performed with more elaborate research design and methodology.
Novice teacher technology‐enhanced learning design practices: The case of the silent pedagogy
Authors: Nguyen Giang N. H. , Bower Matt 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere is increasing social and political pressure to prepare teachers of the future with strong technology‐enhanced learning design capabilities, yet little is known about how teachers in training actually go about technology‐enhanced learning design processes. This study involved an in‐depth analysis of three groups of three pre‐service teachers as they completed a five‐week collaborative technology‐enhanced learning design project. Recordings of all in‐class group discussions and out‐of‐class use of social media were analysed in order to understand the focus of the novice teachers' technology‐enhanced learning design processes. Post‐project interviews were also conducted to determine the reasons for the novice teachers' design approaches, and to better understand what constrained and supported their design efforts. A key finding of the study was that, despite the intentions of the pre‐service teacher education program, participants rarely mentioned or thought about pedagogy during their collaborative design activities. In addition, tutor support, technological capabilities and group collaboration were identified as strongly influencing the technology‐enhanced learning design process. The implications of the study are discussed in terms of furthering the capabilities of novice teachers as designers of TEL interventions.