bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale method based on coupled lattice‐Boltzmann and Langevin‐dynamics for direct simulation of nanoscale particle/polymer suspensions in complex flows
Authors: Liu Zixiang , Zhu Yuanzheng , Clausen Jonathan R. , Lechman Jeremy B. , Rao Rekha R. , Aidun Cyrus K. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryA hybrid computational method coupling the lattice‐Boltzmann (LB) method and a Langevin‐dynamics (LD) method is developed to simulate nanoscale particle and polymer (NPP) suspensions in the presence of both thermal fluctuation and long‐range many‐body hydrodynamic interactions (HIs). Brownian motion of the NPP is explicitly captured by a stochastic forcing term in the LD method. The LD method is two‐way coupled to the nonfluctuating LB fluid through a discrete LB forcing source distribution to capture the long‐range HI. To ensure intrinsically linear scalability with respect to the number of particles, a Eulerian‐host algorithm for short‐distance particle neighbor search and interaction is developed and embedded to LB‐LD framework. The validity and accuracy of the LB‐LD approach are demonstrated through several sample problems. The simulation results show good agreements with theory and experiment. The LB‐LD approach can be favorably incorporated into complex multiscale computational frameworks for efficiently simulating multiscale multicomponent particulate suspension systems such as complex blood suspensions.
Fluid‐structure interaction in two‐phase flow using a discrete forcing method
Authors: Benguigui W. , Laviéville J. , Merigoux N. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe numerical simulation of interaction between structures and two‐phase flows is a major concern for many industrial applications. Using a discrete forcing method (see the work of Benguigui et al) (implemented in a multiphase CFD code based on a two‐fluid approach) to track the solid motion in two‐phase flow, an iterative fluid‐structure coupling is developed to allow free‐motion of multiple solids (with any kind of geometry) due to two‐phase fluid forces. As the fluid‐structure interface is located thanks to a time and space dependent porosity on a cartesian grid, the fluid force computation is accommodated to the interface tracking method. A Newmark algorithm is used to estimate the solid motion. The iterative coupling is addressed in detail going from the algorithm to the determination of its convergence parameter. Three application cases are proposed to validate the method from motion under a single‐ to a two‐phase flow.
Conditions that Catalyze the Emergence of Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions
Authors: Mac Jacqueline , Sarreal Adrianne D. , Wang Amy C. , Museus Samuel D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIncreased knowledge about the conditions that have catalyzed and enabled institutions to seek and effectively acquire federally recognized and supported Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISI) status can inform the work of potential and emerging AANAPISIs.
MicroRNA‐194 reduces inflammatory response and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells permeability through suppression of TGF‐β/SMAD pathway by inhibiting THBS1 in chronic idiopathic urticaria
Authors: Qu Shengming , Yang Lei , Liu Zhe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is a polyetiological dermatologic disease. Reports have stated that some microRNAs (miRNAs) have their roles to play in inflammatory response. In this present study, we aim to investigate whether miR‐194 has an effect on attenuating inflammatory response and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) permeability of CIU mast cells through TGF‐β/SMAD pathway by binding to thrombospondin 1 (THBS1). The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to obtain the CIU‐related microarray data, and then the analysis of differentially expressed genes was conducted and the miRNA regulated by THBS1 was predicted. After transfection of different mimic, inhibitor, or small interfering RNA, the effect of miR‐194 on inflammatory reaction, mast cell degranulation, histamine release rate, HDMECs permeability, and the expression of THBS1, interferon γ (IFN‐γ), TGF‐β, Smad3, and interleukin 4 (IL‐4) were detected. THBS1 was verified to be the miR‐194 target. After transfected with overexpressed miR‐194 and si‐THBS1, the degranulation rate, histamine release rate, and HDMECs permeability were significantly reduced, while the expression of IFN‐γ was higher, and the expression of THBS1, TGF‐β, Smad3, IL‐4 was significantly lower, accompanied with alleviated inflammatory reaction. Our study provides evidence that miR‐194 negatively modulates THBS1 and inhibits the activation of TGF‐β/SMAD pathway, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response and HDMECs permeability of mast cells in CIU.
Upregulation of the lncRNA MEG3 improves cognitive impairment, alleviates neuronal damage, and inhibits activation of astrocytes in hippocampus tissues in Alzheimer's disease through inactivating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Yi Jiping , Chen Bin , Yao Xiaoxi , Lei Yuanbiao , Ou Fuyong , Huang Fengzhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the expression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to explore its potential mechanisms.MethodsAn AD rat model was induced by microinjection of Aβ25‐35. On the first day after successful modeling, pcDNA3.1 plasmid and pcDNA3.1‐MEG3 plasmid were continuously infused into the third ventricle through a micro‐osmotic pump to interfere with the expression level of MEG3. The spatial learning ability and memory ability, the histopathological changes of hippocampus tissues, the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons, astrocyte activation as well as the survival and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in each group was observed. The expression of apoptosis, PI3/Akt signaling pathway‐related proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein, inflammatory factors, malondialdehyde, glutathione‐peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase levels were determined. The deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the hippocampus of rats by was observed by Aβ immunohistochemical staining.ResultsDownregulated MEG3 was detected in the tissues of AD rats. In addition, upregulation of MEG3 contributed to an improvement of spatial learning ability and memory ability, inhibited the pathological injury and its apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, decreased Aβ positive expression, inhibited oxidative stress injury and inflammatory injury as well as the activated astrocytes in AD rats via inactivation of the PI3/Akt pathway.ConclusionOur study highlights that upregulation of the lncRNA MEG3 improves cognitive impairment, alleviates neuronal damage, and inhibits activation of astrocytes in hippocampus tissues in AD through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Overexpression of miR‐623 suppresses progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting XRCC5
Authors: Ren Feng , Su Hui , Jiang Haitao , Chen Yunjie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt has been reported that miR‐623 is deregulated in lung adenocarcinoma and inhibits tumor growth and invasion. However, it is unclear whether miR‐623 has a role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we found that miR‐623 was significantly downregulated in HCC, and that its expression was related to poor clinical outcomes of patients with HCC. Upregulation of miR‐623 decreased cell proliferation, viability, migration, and invasion and further promoted apoptosis in 7721, Huh7, and Bel‐7402 cells. Moreover, we also observed that miR‐623 regulated the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Wnt/β‐catenin, and extracellular regulated protein kinases/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (ERK/JNK) signaling pathways as well as the expression level of related proteins. Further, X‐ray repair cross complementing 5 (XRCC5) was a direct target for miR‐623, and the suppression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β‐catenin, and ERK/JNK signaling pathways and cell proliferation and invasion abilities caused by miR‐623 in HCC cells was significantly reversed by the upregulation of XRCC5. Collectively, our data suggested that miR‐623 suppressed the progression of HCC by regulating the PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β‐catenin, and ERK/JNK pathways by targeting XRCC5 in HCC in vitro, indicating that miR‐623 may be a target for the therapy of HCC.
Antitumor activity of sevoflurane in HCC cell line is mediated by miR‐29a‐induced suppression of Dnmt3a
Authors: Song Guangming , Tian Ling , Cheng Yi , Liu Jinshan , Wang Kun , Li Shuai , Li Tianhua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSevoflurane (SEVO) is widely applied as an anesthetic. More recently, its antitumor capacity has been reported. However, potent mechanisms are still incompletely ascertained. In our current study, we attempted to elucidate a potent mechanism associated with microRNA (miR)‐29a/DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (Dnmt3a) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. After transfection and stimulation with SEVO, biological activities of Huh7 and HepG2 cells were evaluated using the cell counting kit‐8, Annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate apoptosis detection kit, 24‐well cell migration assay kit, and tumor invasion 24‐well plates. miR‐29a and protein expression were quantified with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay, respectively. A Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System was used to verify whether miR‐29a targets Dnmt3a. We found that SEVO alleviated cell viability, aggrandized apoptosis, and impeded migration and invasion of the Huh7 and HepG2 cells. Besides, SEVO enhanced phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression, and phosphorylated expression of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (AKT) was eliminated by SEVO. Of note, SEVO restored miR‐29a which was downregulated in HCC tissues and cells. miR‐29a inhibitor abolished the positive effects of SEVO on the biological processes. Dual‐Luciferase Reporter assay showed miR‐29a repressed Dnmt3a expression via targeting its 3′‐untranslated region. Further, exogenous expression of Dnmt3a partially repressed PTEN and enhanced phosphorylated expression of PI3K and AKT which were originally elevated or diminished by SEVO. In conclusion, SEVO restored the expression of miR‐29a, which posttranscriptionally downregulated Dnmt3a, and then exhibited an antitumor property in HCC cells.
RETRACTED: Downregulation of miR‐218 by nicotine promotes cell proliferation through targeting CDK6 in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Zhen , Lu Cuiling , Zhao Guanren , Han Xue , Dong Kaisheng , Wang Chuanhai , Guan Jing‐Zhi , Wang Zhongyuan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundNicotine, an important component of tobacco, is a major risk factor of lung cancer, but the mechanism through which nicotine promotes lung cancer development remains unclear.MethodsEighty patients with lung cancer were enrolled in this study, 34 of whom did not smoke and the others did. The expression of miR‐218 and CDK6 messenger RNA (mRNA) was measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). A luciferase reporter system was used to identify the direct target of miR‐218. The protein expression of CDK6 was analyzed by using Western blotting. Cell proliferation was analyzed using an approach of calculation of cell number under a microscope.ResultsNicotine decreased miR‐218 expression in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and promoted proliferation of NSCLC cells. Smoking patients with NSCLC had lower expression of miR‐218 in tumor compared with NSCLC patients who did not smoke. We found that miR‐218 directly targeted the CDK6 mRNA 3′untranslated region and inhibited its expression in NSCLC cells and also observed a negative correlation between the expression of miR‐218 and CDK6 mRNA in lung cancer tissues. Furthermore, miR‐218‐ or nicotine‐induced proliferative effects of NSCLC cells were rescued by the recovery of the expression level of CDK6.ConclusionNicotine promotes proliferation of NSCLC cells through regulating the miR‐218/CDK6 axis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
The role of lncRNA RP11‐154D6 in steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head through BMSC regulation
Authors: Xiang Shuai , Li Zeng , Weng Xisheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundBone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) are involved in steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to regulate functions of BMSCs, especially their differentiation, and have been reported to be implicated in diverse bone disorders. However, the roles of lncRNAs in the progression of steroid‐induced ONFH remain unknown.MethodsBMSCs were isolated from healthy controls or patients with steroid‐induced ONFH. RNA‐sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed (DE) coding and noncoding transcripts and a lncRNA‐messenger RNA coexpression network were created. The function of lncRNA RP11‐154D6 in the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of BMSCs was identified by overexpressing or silencing its expression.ResultsAltogether, 3114 DE messenger RNAs and 572 DE lncRNAs were identified and the expression of lncRNA RP11‐154D6 was significantly decreased in BMSCs of patients with ONFH. Although no effects on proliferation and apoptosis were identified, we proved lncRNA RP11‐154D6 promoted osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting adipogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Aberrant expression of lncRNA was identified in BMSCs of steroid‐induced patients with ONFH.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that lncRNA RP11‐154D6 might contribute to the progression of steroid‐induced ONFH through regulating the behavior of BMSCs and might provide new insights into the pathogenesis as well as treatment for steroid‐induced ONFH.
MiR‐210‐3p inhibits osteogenic differentiation and promotes adipogenic differentiation correlated with Wnt signaling in ERα‐deficient rBMSCs
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Peng Bojia , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Panpan , Sun Kehuan , Lei Xiaotong , He Haibin , Tian Ya , Mo Shu , Zhang Ronghua , Yang Li 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate activities in living organisms through various signaling pathways and play important roles in the development and progression of osteoporosis. The balance between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs is closely related to the occurrence of osteoporosis. ERα regulates bone metabolism in various tissues. However, the correlation among ERα, miRNAs, and the differentiation of rBMSCs is still unclear. In this study, we used lentivirus transfection into rBMSCs to construct an ERα‐deficient model, analyzed the differences in expressed miRNAs between control and ERα‐deficient rBMSCs. The results revealed that the expression of 25 miRNAs were upregulated, 164 miRNAs were downregulated, and some of the regulated miRNAs such as miR‐210‐3p and miR‐214‐3p were related to osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation, as well as to particular signaling pathways. Next, we overexpressed miR‐210‐3p to evaluate its effects on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs, and identified the relationship among miR‐210‐3p, Wnt signaling pathway, and the differentiation of rBMSCs. The results indicated that ERα‐deficient inhibited osteogenic differentiation, promoted adipogenic differentiation, and regulated the expression of some miRNAs. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR‐210‐3p promoted osteogenic differentiation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs, processes likely to be related to the Wnt signaling pathway. In conclusion, we identified a group of upregulated and downregulated miRNAs in ERα‐deficient rBMSCs that might play a vital role in regulating osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation. One of these, miR‐210‐3p, inhibited osteogenic differentiation and promoted adipogenic differentiation correlated with the Wnt signaling pathway in ERα‐deficient rBMSCs, providing new insight into the regulation of bone metabolism.
MR imaging of the fetal heart
Authors: Marini Davide , van Amerom Joshua , Saini Brahmdeep S. , Sun Liqun , Seed Mike 
Published: June 2019

In the last decade, technological advances have enabled the acquisition of high spatial and temporal resolution cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the fetus. Fetal cardiac MRI has emerged as an alternative to ultrasound, which may be helpful to confirm a diagnosis of congenital heart disease when ultrasound assessment is hampered, for example in late gestation or in the setting of oligohydramnios. MRI also provides unique physiologic information, including vessel blood flow, oxygen saturation and hematocrit, which may be helpful to investigate cardiac and placental diseases. In this review, we summarize some of the main techniques and significant advances in the field to date.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1030–1044.
Effect of gingival augmentation procedure (free gingival graft) on reducing the risk of non‐carious cervical lesions: A 25‐ to 30‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Agudio Giancarlo , Chambrone Leandro , Selvaggi Filippo , Pini‐Prato Giovan Paolo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this long‐term case series was to assess the development/prevalence of non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) at sites that have and have not been treated with gingival augmentation following free gingival graft (FGG).MethodsFifty‐two patients had at least one test and one control site: 1) test site showing absence of attached gingiva (AG) associated with gingival recession (GR) treated with FGG; and 2) contralateral site with or without AG. Patient/tooth/site‐associated variables were recorded for each tooth/site at baseline (T0), 12 months after surgery (T1), during the follow‐up period (T2) (15 to 20 years), and at the end of the follow‐up period (T3) over 25 to 30 years. Mixed‐effects logistic regression was used throughout the study.ResultsForty‐nine patients/130 sites were available for analysis at T2 whereas 44 patients/120 sites at T3. Twenty‐two NCCLs >0.5 mm were restored in the test sites and in 35 in the untreated sites. The development of NCCL over time appeared associated with sites with attached KT <2 mm (i.e., odds ratio [OR]: 3.80 [P = 0.045] and 3.47 [P = 0.046], 15‐ to 20‐ and 20‐ to 30‐year follow‐ups, respectively), as well as to teeth presenting a thin/non‐modified periodontal phenotype (i.e., OR: 3.53 [P = 0.037] and 5.51 [P = 0.008], 15‐ to 20‐ and 20‐ to 30‐year follow‐ups, respectively).ConclusionsPeriodontal phenotype modification achieved by FGG may prevent the development/progression of NCCL. Evidence suggests that the thickness and width of the AG had a direct influence on the need of restoring these lesions during the 25‐ to 30‐year observation period.
Evaluation of Scoliosis With a Commercially Available Ultrasound System
Authors: Lv Pin , Chen Jingyuan , Dong Lujie , Wang Li , Deng Youbin , Li Kaiyan , Huang Xiaolin , Zhang Chao 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesCurrently, radiography with measurement of the Cobb angle is still considered the reference standard for diagnosing scoliosis. However, the ionizing radiation hazard is drawing wide attention. Can 3‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) be an alternative modality for diagnosing and monitoring patients with scoliosis? The aim of our study was to assess the reliability and validity of 3D US imaging in the evaluation of scoliosis.MethodsA commercially available ultrasound system with a magnetic tracking system was selected for long‐distance 3D US imaging. Straight phantoms and curved phantoms were scanned with the imaging system to evaluate the stability of the system for curvature measurements. Eight healthy adult volunteers and 28 patients with scoliosis were recruited for long‐distance 3D US imaging. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to test the reproducibility of the interobserver and intraobserver measurements for both the healthy adults and patients with scoliosis. A linear regression analysis and Bland‐Altman plot were used to analyze the correlation and to determine the extent of agreement between the angles measured on US images and the Cobb angles measured on conventional radiographs.ResultsThe 28 patients with scoliosis included 10 male and 18 female patients aged 8 to 37 years (mean age ± SD, 17.7 ± 1.4 years; body mass index, <25 kg/m2). In the phantom study, there was no statistically significant difference between the angles measured by the 3D US imaging system and those measured by an angle gauge (P > 0.05). In the clinical study, there was very good interobserver and intraobserver reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients, >0.90) for the US imaging system, with a high correlation (r2 = 0.92) and agreement between the US and radiographic methods.ConclusionsThe long‐distance 3D US imaging system offers a viable modality for diagnosing and monitoring scoliosis without radiation.
Cost of treating recurrent respiratory papillomavirus in commercially insured and medicaid patients
Authors: Tam Samantha , Wu Chi‐Fang , Peng Ho‐Lan , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Sturgis Erich M. , Lairson David R. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesThe study objective was to estimate the first 2 years’ direct costs of treating new cases of juvenile‐onset and adult‐onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and determine the predictors of treatment costs.MethodsCases were patients diagnosed with RRP in commercial insurance claims in 2011–2014 and Texas Medicaid in 2008–2012 for treatment of RRP. Controls were patients without a diagnosis of HPV‐related cancer or RRP, matched with cases by age, sex, geographic area, date of diagnosis of RRP, and propensity score. Total health care costs in the first 2 years after diagnosis were obtained from cases and matched controls. A generalized linear model was created to identify predictors of monthly costs.ResultsIn commercially insured patients, a total of 122 cases of juvenile‐onset (<18 years old) and 1824 cases of adult‐onset (≥18 years old) RRP were identified. The mean first 2 years’ cost difference between cases and controls was $58,733 for juvenile‐onset disease and $11,185 for adult‐onset disease after model adjustments. In the Texas Medicaid population, 73 cases of juvenile‐onset and 96 cases of adult‐onset RRP were identified. The mean first 2 years’ cost difference between cases and controls was $76,115 for juvenile‐onset disease and $4,633 for adult‐onset disease after model adjustments.ConclusionThe first 2 years’ medical costs difference of juvenile‐onset and adult‐onset RRP among commercially insured and Medicaid population were approximately $60,000 to $70,000 and $5,000 to $11,000, respectively, and should be considered in HPV vaccination promotion investment decisions.Level of EvidenceN/ALaryngoscope, 130:1186–1194, 2020
Headwater lakes and their influence on downstream discharge
Authors: Leach Jason A. , Laudon Hjalmar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmall headwater lakes are common water features in northern environments. These small lakes are often reported to have an influence on downstream water quality; however, few studies have addressed the underlying hydrology of these systems and how small lakes influence downstream discharge or how far downstream these influences persist. We show that catchments with small lakes sustain baseflows compared to catchments without lakes. In addition, small lakes have limited influence on the magnitude and timing of peakflow events, except for immediately downstream of the lake where peakflow hydrographs are characterized by low magnitude and long duration. The relative contribution of lake water to downstream discharge can vary widely in time (between 0% and 75%) and be detectable when lakes make up as little as 0.5% of catchment area. This variability and persistence of lake water in stream networks may have important implications for how we interpret water quality patterns downstream of small lakes.