bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notochordal cell matrix: An inhibitor of neurite and blood vessel growth?
Authors: de Vries Stefan A.H. , van Doeselaar Marina , Meij Björn P. , Tryfonidou Marianna A. , Ito Keita 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTBlood vessel and neurite ingrowth into the degenerating intervertebral disc (IVD) are related to pain. In reported studies, notochordal cell (NC)‐conditioned medium (NCCM) induced a regenerative response of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, but also inhibition of neurite and vessel formation. NC matrix (NCM) derived from NC‐rich NP tissue, induced even stronger anabolic effects than NCCM. Thus, the aim was to investigate whether NCM has similar anti‐neurogenic and ‐angiogenic properties as NCCM. NCM and NCCM where produced from porcine NC‐rich NP tissue. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in base medium (BM, 300 mOsm), NCCM (produced at 300 and 400 mOsm), NCM, or with chondroitin sulfate (CS, positive control) in angiogenesis‐inducing medium, after which vessel length was measured. Although CS alone inhibited vessel growth, NCCM (both osmolarities) stimulated vessel formation by HUVECs. NCM did not affect vessel growth relative to BM. SH‐SY5Y cells were cultured in BM, NCCM, and NCM on poly‐D‐lysine coated and polystyrene surfaces, and analyzed for neurite length and percentage of neurite expressing cells. On coated surfaces, neither NCCM nor NCM affected neurite growth. On a polystyrene surface, NCCM and NCM induced a higher number of neurite‐expressing cells. NCCM's previously reported anti‐angiogenic and ‐neurogenic effects were not observed in this study. Although addition of CS inhibited HUVEC vessel formation, other factors may be present in NCCM and NCM that affect neurite and vessel growth. Therefore, future studies testing an NC‐based regenerative strategy should carefully assess the risk of such adverse effects in an in vivo setting. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:3188–3195, 2018.
The combined use of Raman and micro‐X‐ray diffraction analysis in the study of archaeological glass beads
Authors: Costa Mafalda , Arruda Ana Margarida , Dias Luís , Barbosa Rui , Mirão José , Vandenabeele Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study proposes a new nondestructive methodology that combines micro‐Raman spectroscopy and micro‐X‐ray diffraction (μ‐XRD), complemented by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, to determine the composition of glass artifacts and the manufacturing techniques employed in their production. The use of micro‐Raman spectroscopy revealed that most samples belong to the alkaline glass family. Chemical analysis also allowed the identification of the main colorants used in the manufacture of the glass beads in this study. Dark blue and turquoise glass were colored using cobalt ions and copper ions, respectively. Amber or light brown hues were produced using the iron–sulfur amber chromophore. Iron ions were also used to produce green, yellow, cream‐colored gray, and black hues. White glass was produced using calcium antimonate phases. These compounds, identified by micro‐Raman spectroscopy and μ‐XRD, were also used as opacifying agents. This study highlights the importance of using micro‐Raman spectroscopy in the study of ancient glass artifacts. In fact, micro‐Raman spectroscopy not only allows the determination of the glass family of heavily degraded samples but was also found to be the only technique capable of identifying evidences of the rearrangement of the silicate network following selective leaching. The combined use of micro‐Raman spectroscopy and μ‐XRD permitted the identification of the opacifying agents and heat treatment used in the manufacture of the opaque glass beads in this study.
The influence of copper levels on in vitro ruminal fermentation, bacterial growth and methane production
Authors: Hernández‐Sánchez David , Cervantes‐Gómez Daniel , Ramírez‐Bribiesca J Efrén , Cobos‐Peralta Mario , Pinto‐Ruiz René , Astigarraga Laura , Gere José I 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCopper (Cu) is an essential microelement to the health and proper functioning of metabolic processes in animals, but the particular function of Cu in fermentation processes and the formation of methane (CH4) in the rumen have been poorly analyzed. The innovative aspect of this study was to investigate the effects of high doses of Cu as copper sulfate on in vitro ruminal degradation, fermentation patterns, and CH4 production.RESULTSThere was a decrease (P < 0.04) on in vitro dry matter (DM) and organic matter degradability from 60 to 100 µg Cu/g DM. Ammonia concentration decreased drastically with increasing Cu levels (linear effect, P < 0.01). Total bacteria and volatile fatty acids (quadratic effect, P < 0.02) were reduced with 80 and 100 µg Cu/g DM. Methane production (milliliters per gram digestible organic matter) was decreased when dosages of Cu were increased (linear effect, P < 0.003).CONCLUSIONOverall, the addition of increasing levels of Cu to 40 µg Cu/g DM did not have an adverse impact on ruminal bacteria growth and decreased CH4 production, without affecting the ruminal kinetics. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Sodium dodecyl sulfate sensitized switchable solvent liquid‐phase microextraction for the preconcentration of protoberberine alkaloids in Rhizoma coptidis
Authors: Hu Shuang , Xue Jiao , Yang Xiao , Chen Xuan , Wang Run‐qin , Bai Xiao‐hong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA sodium dodecyl sulfate sensitized switchable solvent liquid‐phase microextraction method was developed and applied to the preconcentration of active alkaloids in Rhizoma coptidis followed by high performance liquid chromatography determination. Before extraction, nonionic triethylamine was converted to its cationic form in the presence of carbon dioxide. Then, the ionic solvent carrying target analytes was once more reverted to its nonionic form by adding sodium hydroxide, as well as phase separation and analytes enrichment were realized simultaneously. Several parameters affecting the approach, such as concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate, extraction solvent volume, sodium hydroxide concentration, sample phase pH, injection solvent type, and extraction time, were investigated and optimized. The possible microextraction mechanism of double micelle supramolecular inclusion was explored. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors of four protoberberine alkaloids were from 101.8 to 152.0. The linear ranges (with r2 ≥ 0.990) were 0.032–4.23, 0.031–4.33, 0.0026–10.04, and 0.0013–4.13 μg/mL for epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine, respectively. The detection limits were in the range of 0.16–0.32 ng/mL. Satisfactory accuracies (recoveries 98.8–104.6%) and precisions (RSDs 1.9–10.9%) were also obtained. The results showed that the approach is rapid, effective, eco‐friendly, and easy‐to‐handle for the enrichment and detection of active alkaloids in Rhizoma coptidis.
Patterns of spectral, spatial, and long‐term variability in light attenuation in an optically complex sub‐estuary
Authors: Rose Kevin C. , Neale Patrick J. , Tzortziou Maria , Gallegos Charles L. , Jordan Thomas E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe attenuation of solar radiation controls many processes and characteristics of aquatic ecosystems and is a sentinel of larger‐scale environmental change. While light attenuation is often characterized with a single broadband diffuse attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation (K
d PAR), attenuation can exhibit substantial variability across the solar spectrum and through time and space. Understanding this variability and its proximate causes may provide information to characterize large‐scale environmental change. We implemented a semi‐analytical K
d model in four segments of the Rhode River sub‐estuary of the Chesapeake Bay to examine spectral, spatial, and temporal variability in K
d across the ultraviolet (UV) to PAR wavelengths (290–710 nm) over the period 1986–2014. We used this model to identify wavelengths most sensitive to long‐term change, the seasonal phenology of long‐term change, and the optical constituents driving changes. The model included contributions by phytoplankton, non‐algal particulates, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and water. Over the period of record, K
d increased (water transparency decreased) in both UV and PAR wavelengths, with the largest increases at the most upstream site, during summer months, and at short UV wavelengths. These increases were due primarily to an increase in non‐algal particulates, and particularly since year 2005, however there was substantial seasonality in K
d. The model reveals how different changes in water quality have a differential effect on UV and PAR attenuation, and enables insight into what types of long‐term change in transparency have occurred over the long period of human impacts in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Size, Age, and Spatial–Temporal Distribution of Shortfin Mako in the Mexican Pacific Ocean
Authors: Carreón-Zapiain M. T. , Favela-Lara S. , González-Pérez J. O. , Tavares R. , Leija-Tristán A. , Mercado-Hernández R. , Compeán-Jiménez G. A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Basic population parameters such as age, size, and distribution have been poorly evaluated for the Shortfin Mako Isurus oxyrinchus in the Mexican Pacific Ocean. According to data collected by scientific observers on board medium-size fishing vessels during the period of 2006–2013, size as TL was obtained for 5,740 individual sharks. The range of TL was 70–362 cm for females and 71–296 cm for males. Weight (W), measured randomly from 1,409 individuals, ranged from 2 to 90 kg for females and from 2 to 80 kg for males. The weight-to-TL ratio was best fitted by the equation W = 4 × 10−5(TL)2.59 (r2 = 0.6532). No sex-specific difference was found in the weight-to-TL relationship between males and females, nor in W or TL separately. By using the inverse von Bertalanffy equation and parameters described by other authors for the same study area, we determined the age range for individuals captured on the basis of their TL. The age ranged from 0 to 39 years in females and from 0 to 21 years in males. Using a logistic model, the mean length at sexual maturity was obtained for 2,532 males (TL = 190 cm). The quarterly distribution of young of the year and 1-year-old juveniles showed that there is a tendency for these sharks to move northward as sea surface temperature increases. Our findings shed new light on how Shortfin Mako juveniles use a habitat that has been proposed by other authors as a nursery area for this species, information that is valuable for the sustainability of the Mexican Pacific fisheries.
The Potential for Cryptic Population Structure to Sustain a Heavily Exploited Marine Flatfish Stock
Authors: Midway Stephen R. , White J. Wilson , Scharf Frederick S. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Complex spatial structure is widely viewed as an attribute that can contribute to stability in fish populations. Depending on aspects of stock demography and productivity, the existence of complete or partial spatial refugia can enable population persistence when faced with high rates of exploitation. The Southern Flounder Paralichthys lethostigma has been harvested extensively by inshore fisheries in North Carolina for more than three decades, with estimates of fishing mortality (F) surpassing 2.0 year−1 in several years and systems. Potential hypotheses to explain population persistence under heavy exploitation include high levels of recruitment at low stock sizes (high steepness) and/or the maintenance of adult biomass in offshore habitats that remain cryptic to the fishery. We constructed and applied an age-structured matrix model to evaluate the potential for cryptic stock structure, combined with varying levels of steepness in the stock–recruit relationship, to sustain the Southern Flounder stock across a range of plausible exploitation scenarios. Model simulations predicted that both high steepness in the stock–recruit relationship and large fractions of cryptic biomass were necessary to maintain even modest levels (~25%) of unfished biomass at the high estuarine harvest rates that have likely occurred since the inception of the fishery. When the estuarine fishery exploited the stock at an elevated rate (F &gt; 1.0), high steepness in the stock–recruit relationship alone was insufficient to maintain population biomass at sustainable levels. Only maintaining a large fraction of the adult stock within the spatial refuge afforded by offshore habitats could offset high rates of estuarine exploitation and maintain more conservative levels (40% of unfished biomass) of population biomass. Future efforts should be focused on the identification and preservation of spatial structure within the Southern Flounder stock to maintain both age structure and fishery yield.
Motor and Nonmotor Complications of Levodopa: Phenomenology, Risk Factors, and Imaging Features
Authors: Ray Chaudhuri K. , Poewe Werner , Brooks David 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTDespite enormous advances in our current understanding of PD since James Parkinson described the “shaking palsy” 200 years ago, l‐dopa, in clinical use since the 1960s, remains the gold standard of treatment. Virtually every patient with PD requires varying doses of l‐dopa to manage motor and some nonmotor symptoms and retain an acceptable quality of life. However, after a period of treatment with l‐dopa, a number of problems emerge; the key ones are motor and nonmotor fluctuations, a range of dyskinesias, and a combination of both. Nonmotor complications can range from behavioral problems to sensory, autonomic, and cognitive issues. Even with a wealth of data, both in animal models and in vivo imaging that address the pathophysiology of l‐dopa‐related motor and nonmotor complications, the treatment remains challenging and is an unmet need. Although refinement in types of dopamine replacement therapy and delivery systems have improved the management of l‐dopa‐related complications, the search for the ideal treatment continues. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Data‐driven model order reduction of quadratic‐bilinear systems
Authors: Gosea Ion Victor , Antoulas Athanasios C. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe introduce a data‐driven model order reduction approach that represents an extension of the Loewner framework for linear and bilinear systems to the case of quadratic‐bilinear (QB) systems. For certain types of nonlinear systems, one can always find an equivalent QB model without performing any approximation whatsoever. An advantage of the Loewner framework is that information about the redundancy of the given data is explicitly available, by means of the singular values of the Loewner matrices. This feature is also valid for the proposed generalization. As for the linear and bilinear cases, these matrices can be directly computed by solving Sylvester equations. We begin by defining generalized higher‐order transfer functions for QB systems. These multivariate rational functions play an important role in the model order reduction process. We construct reduced‐order systems for which the associated transfer functions match those corresponding to the original system at selected tuples of interpolation points. Another benefit of the proposed approach is that it is data‐driven oriented, in the sense that one would only need computed or measured samples to construct a reduced‐order QB system. We illustrate the practical applicability of the proposed method by means of several numerical experiments.
Evidence of probable subadult scurvy in the Early Medieval cemetery of Castel Tirolo, South Tyrol, Italy
Authors: Paladin Alice , Wahl Joachim , Zink Albert 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe study of subadult scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), also known as Möller‐Barlow's disease, is of growing interest in palaeopathology. However, in Italy, there is still a paucity of knowledge on nutritional stress diseases in human skeletal remains.In the present work, the anthropological and palaeopathological study on subadults found in the Early Medieval cemetery of Castel Tirolo, in South Tyrol (Italy) is reported. Referring to the macroscopic and palaeopathological features described in the literature, abnormal pores, and abnormal new bone formations were analysed in multiple cranial and postcranial skeletal regions. Based on our study, 58% individuals (N = 14/24) displayed abnormal lesions: three subadults were nonspecific pathological cases; nine showed few indicative, but not diagnostic, lesions; and two cases (TCT13 and TCT14) exhibited abnormal lesions highly consistent with scurvy. As a reliable diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency is still challenging, we conducted a differential diagnosis of the recorded lesions that supported the probable presence of scurvy in the two cases.This work presents the first documentation of scurvy in Early Medieval Italy revealing new insights into the health condition and nutritional stress in historical communities in the Eastern Italian Alps.
Clinical value of serial ultrasonography in the dynamic observation of foetal cystic adrenal lesions
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhan WeiCong , Wu DaoZhu , Ni XianWei , Luo HongXia , Yang Yan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in cystic lesions of the adrenal gland.MethodsTwenty‐two cases of adrenal cystic lesions found in the foetal period were retrospectively analysed. All foetuses were followed up by ultrasound after birth, and all lesions were confirmed by operation or ultrasound‐guided biopsy.ResultsSixteen foetuses displayed anechoic findings, and 6 had patchy mixed echoic findings. Nevertheless, the characteristics of these lesions changed in the neonatal period: 7 cases presented as anechoic and 15 cases presented as mixed echoic. The final pathology revealed simple cysts in 7 cases, intracystic haemorrhage in 9 cases, and 6 cases of spontaneous haemorrhage of the adrenal glands.ConclusionsThe ultrasonographic findings of foetal cystic lesions in the adrenal gland and the change they undergo after birth may provide valuable information for clinical diagnosis.
FGF2 Antiproliferative Stimulation Induces Proteomic Dynamic Changes and High Expression of FOSB and JUNB in K‐Ras‐Driven Mouse Tumor Cells
Authors: Vitorino Francisca Nathalia de Luna , Montoni Fabio , Moreno Jaqueline Neves , de Souza Bruno Ferreira , Lopes Mariana de Camargo , Cordeiro Barbara , Fonseca Cecilia Sella , Gilmore Joshua M. , Sardiu Mihaela I. , Reis Marcelo Silva , Florens Laurence A. , Washburn Michael P. , Armelin Hugo Aguirre , da Cunha Julia Pinheiro Chagas 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a well‐known cell proliferation promoter; however, it can also induce cell cycle arrest. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of this antiproliferative effect, for the first time, the early systemic proteomic differences induced by this growth factor in a K‐Ras‐driven mouse tumor cell line using a quantitative proteomics approach are investigated. More than 2900 proteins are quantified, indicating that terms associated with metabolism, RNA processing, replication, and transcription are enriched among proteins differentially expressed upon FGF2 stimulation. Proteomic trend dynamics indicate that, for proteins mainly associated with DNA replication and carbohydrate metabolism, an FGF2 stimulus delays their abundance changes, whereas FGF2 stimulation accelerates other metabolic programs. Transcription regulatory network analysis indicates master regulators of FGF2 stimulation, including two critical transcription factors, FOSB and JUNB. Their expression dynamics, both in the Y1 cell line (a murine model of adenocarcinoma cells) and in two other human cell lines (SK‐N‐MC and UM‐UC‐3) also susceptible to FGF2 antiproliferative effects, are investigated. Both protein expression levels depend on fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and src signaling. JUNB and FOSB knockdown do not rescue cells from the growth arrest induced by FGF2; however, FOSB knockdown rescue cells from DNA replication delay, indicating that FOSB expression underlies one of the FGF2 antiproliferative effects, namely, S‐phase progression delay.
Assessment and Refinement of Sample Preparation Methods for Deep and Quantitative Plant Proteome Profiling
Authors: Song Gaoyuan , Hsu Polly Yingshan , Walley Justin W. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA major challenge in the field of proteomics is obtaining high‐quality peptides for comprehensive proteome profiling by LC–MS. Here, evaluation and modification of a range of sample preparation methods using photosynthetically active Arabidopsis leaf tissue are done. It was found that inclusion of filter‐aided sample preparation (FASP) based on filter digestion improves all protein extraction methods tested. Ultimately, a detergent‐free urea‐FASP approach that enables deep and robust quantification of leaf and root proteomes is shown. For example, from 4‐day‐old leaf tissue, up to 11 690 proteins were profiled from a single sample replicate. This method should be broadly applicable to researchers working with difficult to process plant samples.
Influence of Fe/C codoped on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 powders by sol‐gel method
Authors: Gu Peng , Yang DingYu , Zhu XingHua 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this paper, Fe/C codoped TiO2 powders are successfully synthesized by the sol‐gel method. The crystalline size and interplanar spacing of doped TiO2 were smaller than undoped TiO2 powders. The narrow bandgap of TiO2 powders were observed by doping and the light absorption edge shift to longer wavelength, especially for Fe/C codoped TiO2 powders, and extended to 460 nm. Photoluminescence spectra showed similar luminescence band shape except for relative intensity under the excited source of 320 nm and Fe/C codoped TiO2 powders exhibited the weakest luminous intensity. Compared with undoped powders, doped TiO2 could significantly improve the photocatalytic degradation in methyl orange aqueous solution, and Fe/C codoped TiO2 powders exhibited optimal performance among other photocatalyst under ultraviolet light irradiation and also showed better stability in the air environment.
Combined Immunohistochemistry after Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Superior Spatial Information
Authors: Kriegsmann Katharina , Longuespée Rémi , Hundemer Michael , Zgorzelski Christiane , Casadonte Rita , Schwamborn Kristina , Weichert Wilko , Schirmacher Peter , Harms Alexander , Kazdal Daniel , Leichsenring Jonas , Stenzinger Albrecht , Warth Arne , Fresnais Margaux , Kriegsmann Jörg , Kriegsmann Mark 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTissue slides analyzed by MS imaging (MSI) are stained by H&E (Haematoxylin and Eosin) to identify regions of interest. As it can be difficult to identify specific cells of interest by H&E alone, data analysis may be impaired. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) can highlight cells of interest but single or combined IHC on tissue sections analyzed by MSI have not been performed.MethodsWe performed MSI on bone marrow biopsies from patients with multiple myeloma and stained different antibodies (CD38, CD138, MUM1, kappa‐ and lambda). A combination of CK5/6/TTF1 and Napsin‐A/p40 is stained after MSI on adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Staining intensities of p40 after MSI and on a serial section are quantified on a tissue microarray (n = 44) by digital analysis.ResultsDigital evaluation reveals weaker staining intensities after MSI as compared to serial sections. Staining quality and quantity after MSI enables to identify cells of interest. On the tissue microarray, one out of 44 tissue specimens shows no staining of p40 after MSI, but weak nuclear staining on a serial section.ConclusionWe demonstrated that single and double IHC staining is feasible on tissue sections previously analyzed by MSI, with decreased staining intensities.