bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI GARAM DAPUR DAN GARAM HIMALAYA TERHADAP MASA SIMPAN TAHU
Authors: Marlina Lusi , Meilana Yumna 
Published: November 2024

Makanan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan utama bagi manusia, makanan yang dikonsumsi harus memenuhi fungsinya yaitu terdapat nilai gizi. Salah satu makanan yang mengandung gizi adalah tahu. Tahu sudah termasuk makanan pengganti lauk karena tahu menjadi makanan terfavorit bagi orang Indonesia. Rata-rata tahu bertahan hanya 1 - 2 hari di kondisi biasa (suhu ruang). Alternatif pengawetan tahu dengan pengawet alami dapat mempertahankan mutu tahu. Tujuan penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis larutan garam untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara larutan garam dapur (NaCl) dengan larutan garam Himalaya terhadap tahu selama penyimpanan di kondisi biasa (suhu ruang). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yaitu tanpa variasi sebagai kontrol dengan variasi konsentrasi antara larutan garam dapur (NaCl) [X] 3%; 5%; 7% dan larutan garam Himalaya [Y] 3%; 5%; 7% pada perendaman selama 0 hari, 2 hari ,4 hari dan 6 hari. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah kadar protein, kadar air, kadar abu, total mikroba dan uji organoleptik tahu (warna, bau, rasa dan tekstur). Penelitian ini sesuai dengan SNI 01-3141-1998. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh konsentrasi larutan garam dapur (NaCl) atau garam Himalaya terhadap kadar protein tahu. Konsentrasi garam dapur (NaCl) ataupun garam Himalaya berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, total mikroba dan uji organoleptik tahu. Konsentrasi 7% garam dapur merupakan pengawet terbaik terhadap masa simpan tahu. Adanya lendir, aroma busuk dan perubahan warna merupakan tanda kerusakan pada tahu. Masa simpan tahu lebih baik tidak lebih dari 4 hari.
ANALISIS KUALITAS ES KRIM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BUAH SENDUDUK
Authors: Yolanda Intan Sari  
Published: November 2024

Fungsi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas es krim yaitu menambahkan buah senduduk sebanyak 40gr, 80gr, 120gr terhadap kualitas warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan metode rancanagan acak lengkap yang mengunakan tiga kali pengulangan dengan 25 orang panelis semi terlatih yang dilaksanakan di workshop Tata Boga Jurusan IKK, FPP, UNP pada Mei 2018. Instrument yang digunakan adalah angket yang kemudian dianalisis dengan uji organoleptik melalui uji jenjang. Untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik ANAVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara 40gr, 80gr, 120gr terhadap kualitas es krim yaitu pada kualitas warna dan rasa es krim. Sedangkan pada aroma susu, tekstur lembut, rasa manis, rasa susu, tidak berpengaruh nyata. Hasil persentase terbaik terdapat pada penambahan buah senduduk pada es krim sebanyak 80 gr terhadap kualitas warna.
Fungsi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas es krim yaitu menambahkan buah senduduk sebanyak 40gr, 80gr, 120gr terhadap kualitas warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan metode rancanagan acak lengkap yang mengunakan tiga kali pengulangan dengan 25 orang panelis semi terlatih yang dilaksanakan di workshop Tata Boga Jurusan IKK, FPP, UNP pada Mei 2018. Instrument yang digunakan adalah angket yang kemudian dianalisis dengan uji organoleptik melalui uji jenjang. Untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik ANAVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara 40gr, 80gr, 120gr terhadap kualitas es krim yaitu pada kualitas warna dan rasa es krim. Sedangkan pada aroma susu, tekstur lembut, rasa manis, rasa susu, tidak berpengaruh nyata. Hasil persentase terbaik terdapat pada penambahan buah senduduk pada es krim sebanyak 80 gr terhadap kualitas warna.
Maslahat (Benefits) in Fiqh Awlāwiyāt: A Comparison between Yūsuf al-Qarādhawī’s View and Abdus Salam Alī al-Karbulī’s
Authors: Ifandy Teguh , Hasanah Idaul 
Published: November 2024

This article examines and compares the concept of maslahat in the Fiqh Awlāwiyāt (fiqh of priority) in the view of Yūsuf al-Qarādhawī and Abdus Salam Alī al-Karbulī. The aim is to find similarities and differences between the two views. Fiqh Awlāwiyāt, which places maslahat as an important reference in determining the scale of priority, can be used to solve contemporary problems. Unfortunately, there are not many studies that discuss this in depth. This article is part of the results of normative legal research with a comparative approach. Data were collected through literature studies and analyzed using descriptive-comparative analysis techniques. This article finds similarities between Yūsuf al-Qarādhawī's thought and Abdus Salam Alī al-Karbulī's in determining the types and levels of maslahat needed in the scale of priority. In constructing Fiqh Awlāwiyāt, the two figures above are based on Fiqh Muwāzanāt. The difference in their thoughts lies in determining the scale of priority. Al-Qaradhawi uses the rules of fiqh, while al-Karbulī uses the al-Ta’ārudh method. However, the substance of their thoughts is similar and interrelated. Thus, it can be elaborated in the context of developing Fiqh Awlāwiyāt.
Sistem Deteksi Hama Tikus Menggunakan Sensor Gerak dan Suara Ultrasonik di Lingkungan Rumah Berbasis Mikrokontroller
Authors: Samudra Amar Maulana , Wicaksono Agung , Syifa Fikra Titan 
Published: November 2024

Tikus merupakan hewan pengerat yang sering menimbulkan kerugian khususnya di rumah maupun di lingkungan industri. Kerugian yang ditimbulkan diantaranya yaitu perilaku menjijikan, gangguan kesehatan, dan kerusakan peralatan. Tikus memiliki jangkauan pendengaran mulai dari frekuensi 5 KHz hingga 60 KHz. Upaya pengendalian populasi tikus lainnya dapat dilakukan menggunakan bahan kimia beracun, tetapi dinilai dapat mengganggu ekosistem. Berdasarkan latar belakang maka terdapat beberapa masalah yaitu, bagaimana cara membuat sistem deteksi pergerakan tikus menggunakan frekuensi suara ultrasonik, akurasi pendeteksian sensor Passive Infra Red (PIR), dan pengaruh frekuensi suara ultrasonik terhadap tikus. Metode penelitian ini dimulai dari identifikasi masalah, perancangan alat, pengujian alat, dan analisis data. Pengembangan pada penelitian ini yaitu mendeteksi pergerakan tikus dengan mengeluarkan suara ultrasonik. Sensor PIR digunakan untuk mendeteksi pergerakan tikus. Proses perancangan melibatkan komponen elektronik dan pengaturan suara ultrasonik. Uji akurasi digunakan untuk memastikan sensor hanya merespon pergerakan tikus. Pada pengujian membuktikan sistem ini berhasil dan efektif dalam mengusir tikus. Penelitian ini melibatkan sistem pendeteksian tikus menggunakan tiga titik sensor PIR. Sensor PIR diuji dan terbukti berfungsi dengan baik, menghasilkan output 1 untuk mendeteksi pergerakan dan 0 untuk tidak ada pergerakan. Hasil pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa speaker yang digunakan menghasilkan output Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) pada rentang frekuensi 15 kHz hingga 50 kHz. Pengujian menggunakan tikus sebagai objek menunjukkan bahwa tikus terganggu oleh suara ultrasonik. Output speaker berhasil pada rentang frekuensi rata-rata lebih dari 20 kHz saat mendeteksi keberadaan tikus.
Analysis of Students Problem Solving Abilities Using Contextual Learning on Colloid Material at SMAS Pertiwi
Authors: Rahayu Annisa , Jahro Iis Siti 
Published: November 2024

Many students do not have good problem solving skills in solving problems in everyday life, especially in chemistry learning. Therefore, analysis of students' problem solving abilities is needed to determine the level of problem solving abilities in chemistry learning, especially in colloidal systems material in everyday life. The purpose of this study is to describe how students use cooperative learning, specifically contextual learning, to solve problems. The goals of this study will be accomplished since the data collected will take the shape of words or utterances derived from the outcomes of interviews and Polya's problem-solving abilities. The use of this innovative learning media is supported by a contextual learning model. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This research procedure includes: (1) preparation stage; (2) implementation stage and (3) Final Stage. The problem solving ability of class XI students of SMAS Pertiwi Medan is at the "very good" level with a total of 24 students and a percentage of 39% of the total 62 students. The difficulty in answering problem solving ability test questions that students often experience is not understanding the story content of the test questions given.
Validity of Problem Based Learning Oriented E-LAPD for Practicing Creative Thinking Skills Reaction Rate Material
Authors: Rachmawati Marttina , Hidayah Rusly 
Published: November 2024

The era of education that occurs in the 21st century places demands on students to ensure the ability to think creatively to solve various problems. Apart from that, the development of the industrial revolution 4.0 plays a role in the current generation in terms of technology and the internet. The aim of this research is to determine the validity of E-LAPD oriented Problem Based Learning (PBL) to train creative thinking skills on reaction rate material. This research uses an R&D model, one of which is ADDIE. The ADDIE development research model consists of 5 stages, namely Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate, but without carrying out the Implementation stage. This validation was carried out by 3 validators, namely 2 chemistry lecturers and 1 chemistry teacher at SMA Labschool Unesa 1 Surabaya. The results of the analysis of aspect of content validity get a mode value of 4 with a valid category, while for aspect construct validity it gets a mode value of 5 with a very valid category, the results of the content and construct validity values get a mode score of ≥ 3, so E- LPAD can be declared valid. So that E-LAPD media can be used in learning.
RESILIENSI IBU TUNGGAL: PERAN KEBERSYUKURAN DAN REGULASI EMOSI
Authors: Lidiawati Krishervina Rani , Dewi Wiwit Puspitasari , Simamora Shema Christy Noya 
Published: November 2024

Kematian suami mendorong istri untuk mengambil peran ganda dalam keluarga, sehingga menyebabkan munculnya berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi oleh ibu tunggal karena harus menghidupi keluarga seorang diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kontribusi kebersyukuran dan regulasi emosi terhadap resiliensi ibu tunggal. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Responden penelitian terdiri dari 143 ibu tunggal berusia 30–60 tahun yang telah ditinggal suami karena kematian selama minimal dua tahun. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan skala Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) 25, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), dan Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Hasil penelitian yang dianalisis menggunakan JASP dan SPSS menunjukkan bahwa kebersyukuran dan regulasi emosi secara simultan signifikan memprediksi resiliensi ibu tunggal sebesar 23,6 persen (R²=0,236, F=14,338, p<0,001). Kebersyukuran memprediksi resiliensi sebesar 13,1 persen, sementara regulasi emosi sebesar 15,9 persen. Secara khusus, dimensi regulasi emosi cognitive reappraisal memberikan kontribusi signifikan sebesar 15,7 persen dan expressive suppression sebesar 5,2 persen. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya kebersyukuran dan regulasi emosi dalam membentuk resiliensi ibu tunggal.
Teaching History: Bridging the Gap between Theory and Practical Teaching
Authors: Sagon-Taeza Jennifer Ann , Akojie Patricia , Steele-Moses Susan , Underdahl Louise 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The purpose of the study was to identify effective teaching strategies to bridge the gap between theory-based and practical-based approaches to teaching a history curriculum.

Methods:
A qualitative exploratory case study was used. Twenty educators who taught history in K-12 classrooms participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis served as data sources.

Results:
The findings indicated that History is better taught by actively engaging students. Innovative activities integrated with traditional methods to activate engagement and promote historical skills.

Discussion:
The key to making history come alive is using multiple teaching strategies. The strategies to bridge theory to practical application include engagement, innovative teaching, and authentic teaching.

Limitations:
It was difficult for some participants to commit to the scheduled interview.

Conclusions:
The content of the study may be used as a reference for practitioners to reflect on current teaching practices and developed strategies to implement in a history lesson or other content areas.
Transformation of Teaching through Co-Teaching and Innovative Methods
Authors: Svobodová Zuzana , Kříž Jaroslav , Veteška Jaroslav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The integration of digital technologies and virtual co-teaching has become a common practice in education. This was accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. These innovations play a key role in addressing global challenges and are a response to digital advances to which primary and secondary schools need to adaptively respond.

Methods:
The study used thematic analysis and a scoping review to investigate the effectiveness of virtual co-teaching in primary and secondary schools, with a focus on new digital technologies and artificial intelligence.

Results:
The results show that virtual co-teaching supported by the use of artificial intelligence is an effective alternative to traditional teaching methods that increases both the efficiency and flexibility of the learning process. Further research is necessary to show new possibilities and optimize the use of this method in formal education.

Discussion:
Pupils should be divided into smaller groups, respecting their individual needs, abilities, and speed of learning. Artificial Intelligence assistants should be involved to support teachers and pupils.

Limitations:
Experiments should be implemented in other subjects in primary and secondary schools.

Conclusions:
Virtual co-teaching has a strong potential to contribute to future innovations in education, especially when combined with artificial intelligence to enable more personalized learning. It extends the pedagogical space with a virtual component – a virtual teacher or subject matter expert.
Free Speech, DEI, and Deplatforming: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Metzgar Matthew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In recent years, the number of deplatforming attempts has increased at universities. Deplatforming is an attempt to block a person from speaking when certain groups find their content to be objectionable. An institution’s culture of free speech may affect the number of deplatforming incidents.

Methods:
This study utilized data from a new database of deplatforming incidents on campus. The data were tested for correlations in relation to an institution’s free speech ranking and its level of DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion) staffing.

Results:
These initial results show a negative relationship between free speech ranking and deplatforming incidents, and a positive relationship between DEI staffing and deplatforming incidents.

Discussion:
Institutions face the challenge of balancing an inclusive and equitable environment with the preservation of robust intellectual diversity and academic freedom. Finding this balance requires a thoughtful and deliberate approach that considers the nuances of promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion while safeguarding the principles of free expression and open dialogue.

Limitations:
These results were only for Power 5 universities in the United States. A more diverse sample may show different results.

Conclusions:
The culture of an institution is related to the number of deplatforming incidents that take place. This culture can be examined via its commitment to free speech and to its DEI staffing levels. Initial results show that these two factors have a relationship with the number of deplatforming incidents.
Teachers’ Collegiality: A Professional Development Tool for Algerian Novice Teachers
Authors: Guellouma Rima , Bilouk Imene 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This research aims to discover the role of collegiality, as one of the internationally recognized tools for continuous professional development, in the professional growth journey of both novices and experts to give an insight into how effective, forming and maintaining healthy positive relationships, is to novice teachers per se.

Methods:
The research used a mixed-method approach to investigate the research questions. It included 18 teachers from the Department of English, Blida2 University; 8 novices, and 10 experts. The research used two questionnaires; one dedicated to novices to discover the role of collegiality in their professional development and the second one to experts to investigate the contribution of collegiality in their journey of professional growth and skill development.

Results:
In line with the data gathered, the results indicate that teachers’ collegiality is reasonably favorable by novices and highly recommended by expert teachers.

Discussion:
Novices tend to maintain positive relationships in the workplace as they believe they would expand their knowledge and skills repertoire and help them cope with the exhaustive emotional turmoil of stress and discomfort the new profession’s burden unfolds on them. Expert teachers, despite expressing not having benefitted particularly from collegiality in their professional development journey, tend to support and advocate for it for novice teachers today. They also tend to see themselves as responsible for the various pedagogical and psychological help they provide for novices to facilitate the challenging journey they face.

Limitations:
Despite its general concern among all teachers from different fields, the research was limited to a convenient sample from the Department of English, Blida2 Lounici Ali University.

Conclusions:
The research on collegiality adds to the literature on continuous professional development tools and is informative to teachers of all levels to invest in their collegial relationships for the pedagogical and psychological accompaniment of novice teachers per se.
Cucumber fruit nutrient quality as influenced by variety and organic fertiliser rate
Authors: Makinde Eyitayo Adekunle , Alarima Iyabo Modupe , Ayeni Olawale Sunday , Shittu Taofik Akinyemi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The nutrient contents of a product can depend on the quantity of fertiliser supplied. An experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, in the tropical rainforest‑savannah transitional zone of southwestern Nigeria to determine the nutrient contents of three cucumber varieties as influenced by Gateway Organic Fertiliser (GOF) rates. There were 48 plots of 3.0 × 2.0 m each, separated by 1.0 m pathways. The main plot was cucumber variety (Marketmore, Poinsett, and Marketer) while the sub‑treatment was organic fertiliser rate at 0, 5, 10, and 15 t.ha−1 in a split‑plot arrangement fitted into Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicates. Fruit nutrient contents differed with cucumber varieties and rates of gateway organic fertiliser. Marketmore variety fruits without application of GOF had higher moisture contents. Poinsett variety fruits cultivated with the application of 5 t. ha−1 GOF had higher dry matter contents. Poinsett variety fruits cultivated with either 10 or 15 t. ha−1 GOF had higher crude protein and carbohydrate contents when compared with other interactions. Poinsett variety cultivated with either 10 or 15 t. ha−1 GOF had higher vitamins A and C contents when compared with other interactions. It was concluded that cultivating the Poinsett cucumber variety with a 10 t.ha−1 GOF rate gave optimum nutrient contents concerning the crude protein, carbohydrate, and vitamin content. The Poinsett cucumber variety cultivated with 10 t. ha−1 Gateway Organic Fertiliser is recommended for optimum nutrient contents.
Building a Database with Thermal Images for the Classification of Emotional States
Authors: Pavel Marius Sorin , Aiordăchioaie Dorel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research paper aims primarily to highlight the stages regarding the development of a database with facial images in the thermal spectrum, presenting various emotional states (for example, neutral, happy and sad). A series of exploratory results was presented, carried out on five databases with thermal images (DBold-2019, DBnew-2023, DBnew-2023_Crop, DBnew- 2023_Noise and DBnew-2023_ROI), belonging to the CCETIC research center (CCETIC, 2023). The database development process includes both the thermal image acquisition part and the pre-processing steps (cutting, alignment, selection of areas of interest, removal of annotations/marking elements, etc). And secondly, it aims to present an analysis regarding the general structure of the thermal image processing application, together with a series of image processing methods and techniques, addressed in certain research works. Some experimental results obtained with the help of the five databases are presented, as well as a series of general conclusions regarding the development of a database with facial thermal images.
Comparison Between an Exact and a Heuristic-Based Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Window Constraints
Authors: Barb-Ciorbea Mihaela-Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This work aims to compare two distinct approaches for solving a Travelling Salesman Problem with time window constraints. Given an environment with a fixed number of cities (points of interest), a robot must determine a route such that each city is visited in an imposed time interval. Both of the examined techniques have the objective of identifying the path with the lowest cost in terms of the distance traveled.
The initial approach employs an exact method by defining the requirements as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem.
The second method involves a meta-heuristic approach, using an ant colony procedure to solve the optimization problem.
Besides qualitative information, the performed quantitative comparison relies on multiple numerical simulations performed in a MATLAB environment. We thus highlight the advantages and disadvantages of both methods, by taking into consideration criteria as the simulation time and the relative difference between the obtained costs versus the number of cities.
Overview of Multifunctional (Ultra-)Lightweight Materials for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Popescu Ileana Nicoleta , Alhalaili Badriyah , Vidu Ruxandra , Anghelina Florina Violeta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In line with the ongoing advancement of high-performance materials that are multifunctional and environmentally friendly, this paper provides an overview of recent developments in lightweight and ultra-lightweight multifunctional materials. We primarily examine the various types of low-density multifunctional materials, their production techniques, and their applications within the context of a sustainable future. From a structural point of view, ultra-light materials are classified into three main groups: aerogels, foam, and micro/ nanolattice. In terms of composition, they can be derived from ceramic, metallic, or polymeric materials. This overview pays particular attention to silica, carbon and composite aerogels, as well as metal, ceramic (carbon), and polymer foams.