bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meeting report: a close look at oral biofilms and microbiomes
Authors: Xu Xin , Chen Feng , Huang Zhengwei , Ma Lvyan , Chen Li , Pan Yaping , Xu Jian , Kim Syngcuk , Kinane Denis , Koo Hyun , Zhou Xuedong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe “Biofilms, Microbiomes and Oral Diseases: Challenges and Future Perspectives” symposium jointly organized by Penn Dental Medicine and West China School of Stomatology was held on 30 September 2017 at Penn Wharton China Center (PWCC) in Beijing, China. The topics included the pathogenicity of oral biofilms, novel strategies for the control of biofilm-related diseases, oral microbiome and single-cell approaches, and the link between oral diseases and overall health. Researchers from a number of disciplines, representing institutions from China and Penn Dental Medicine, gathered to discuss advances in our understanding of biofilms, as well as future directions for the control of biofilm-related oral and systemic diseases.
Novel oncogenic and chemoresistance-inducing functions of resistin in ovarian cancer cells require miRNAs-mediated induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Qiu Ling , Zhang Guo-Feng , Yu Lei , Wang Hong-Yong , Jia Xiao-Jing , Wang Tie-Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractResistin plays a role in the growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and therapeutic resistance in different cancers. However, such effects of resistin have never been evaluated in ovarian cancer, a deadly gynecological malignancy. We observed a significant induction of ovarian cancer cells’ growth, invasion and cisplatin resistance, and established a mechanism of resistin action that included induction of EMT and stemness, as evidenced by down-regulated epithelial marker e-cadherin and up-regulated mesenchymal markers vimentin/ ZEB1 and stemness markers sox2, oct4 and nanog. The mechanism also included suppression of tumor suppressor miRNAs, let-7a, miR-200c and miR-186. Over-expression of these miRNAs significantly reversed the resistin-mediated effects on invasion and chemoresistance. We further validated our results in vivo where resistin administration significantly enhanced tumor growth in mice. Our results provide first evidence for such oncogenic effects of resistin in ovarian cancer models and a rationale for future studies to further understand the mechanistic role of resistin in ovarian cancer invasiveness, metastasis and therapy resistance.
Influence of railway line characteristics in inductive interference on railway track circuits
Authors: Lucca Giovanni 
Published: August 2018

This study firstly presents an algorithm for the study of the 50–60 Hz inductive electromagnetic interference produced by a High Voltage power line on nearby not parallel railway track circuits used for signalling purposes; secondly the algorithm is used for a sensitivity analysis relevant to the level of generated electromagnetic interference depending on the characteristics of the railway line (electrified/not electrified, single/double track) and with reference to the state of rails insulation from the soil.
Eco‐friendly approach for synthesis of AgNPs and their catalytic application toward 4‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol reduction
Authors: Singh Jagpreet , Kaur Navneet , Rawat Mohit 
Published: August 2018

The present work emphasises on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through the treatment of aqueous solutions of Ag nitrate with commonly available sugars, i.e. sucrose as reducing agents. The average particle size, morphology and elemental composition of the NPs are studied through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopic techniques. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy confirms the formation of AgNPs with the strong absorption band at 408 nm. TEM reveals the spherical nature of synthesised AgNPs with a size range of 25–40 nm. Furthermore, catalytic potential of the NPs was examined for reduction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) to 4‐aminophenol in the alkaline medium by using UV–vis spectroscopy. Complete reduction of the 4‐NP was achieved within 35 min, thus validating the efficacy of AgNPs as an efficient catalyst. These catalytic capabilities firmly advocate the applications of AgNPs in the purification of polluted water.
Detection of scattered light from the hot dust in HD 172555
Authors: Engler N. , Schmid H. M. , Quanz S. P. , Avenhaus H. , Bazzon A. 
Published: August 2018

Context. Debris disks or belts are important signposts for the presence of colliding planetesimals and, therefore, for ongoing planet formation and evolution processes in young planetary systems. Imaging of debris material at small separations from the star is very challenging but provides valuable insights into the spatial distribution of the so-called hot dust produced by solid bodies located in or near the habitable zone. We report the first detection of scattered light from the hot dust around the nearby (d = 28.33 pc) A star HD 172555.
Aims. We want to constrain the geometric structure of the detected debris disk using polarimetric differential imaging (PDI) with a spatial resolution of 25 mas and an inner working angle of about 0.1″.
Methods. We measured the polarized light of HD 172555, with SPHERE/ZIMPOL, in the very broadband (VBB) or RI filter (λc = 735 nm, Δλ = 290 nm) for the projected separations between 0.08″ (2.3 au) and 0.77″ (22 au). We constrained the disk parameters by fitting models for scattering of an optically thin dust disk taking the limited spatial resolution and coronagraphic attenuation of our data into account.
Results. The geometric structure of the disk in polarized light shows roughly the same orientation and outer extent as obtained from thermal emission at 18 μm. Our image indicates the presence of a strongly inclined (i ≈ 103.5°), roughly axisymmetric dust belt with an outer radius in the range between 0.3″ (8.5 au) and 0.4″ (11.3 au). An inner disk edge is not detected in the data. We derive a lower limit for the polarized flux contrast ratio for the disk of (Fpol)disk/F∗ > (6.2 ± 0.6) × 10−5 in the VBB filter. This ratio is small, only ~9%, when compared to the fractional infrared flux excess (≈ 7.2 × 10−4). The model simulations show that more polarized light could be produced by the dust located inside ≈2 au, which cannot be detected with the instrument configuration used.
Conclusions. Our data confirm previous infrared imaging and provide a higher resolution map of the system, which could be further improved with future observations.
Atmospheres and wind properties of non-spherical AGB stars
Authors: Liljegren S. , Höfner S. , Freytag B. , Bladh S. 
Published: August 2018

Context. The wind-driving mechanism of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars is commonly attributed to a two-step process: first, gas in the stellar atmosphere is levitated by shockwaves caused by stellar pulsation, then accelerated outwards by radiative pressure on newly formed dust, inducing a wind. Dynamical modelling of such winds usually assumes a spherically symmetric star.
Aims. We explore the potential consequences of complex stellar surface structures, as predicted by three-dimensional (3D) star-in-a-box modelling of M-type AGB stars, on the resulting wind properties with the aim to improve the current wind models.
Methods. Two different modelling approaches are used; the CO5BOLD 3D star-in-a-box code to simulate the convective, pulsating interior and lower atmosphere of the star, and the DARWIN one-dimensional (1D) code to describe the dynamical atmosphere where the wind is accelerated. The gas dynamics of the inner atmosphere region at distances of R ∼ 1−2 R⋆, which both modelling approaches simulate, are compared. Dynamical properties and luminosity variations derived from CO5BOLD interior models are used as input for the inner boundary in DARWIN wind models in order to emulate the effects of giant convection cells and pulsation, and explore their influence on the dynamical properties.
Results. The CO5BOLD models are inherently anisotropic, with non-uniform shock fronts and varying luminosity amplitudes, in contrast to the spherically symmetrical DARWIN wind models. DARWIN wind models with CO5BOLD-derived inner boundary conditions produced wind velocities and mass-loss rates comparable to the standard DARWIN models, however the winds show large density variations on time-scales of 10–20 yr.
Conclusions. The method outlined in this paper derives pulsation properties from the 3D star-in-a-box CO5BOLD models, to be used in the DARWIN models. If the current grid of CO5BOLD models is extended, it will be possible to construct extensive DARWIN grids with inner boundary conditions derived from 3D interior modelling of convection and pulsation, and avoid the free parameters of the current approach.
On stochastic resonance in a model of double diffusion
Authors: Chattopadhyay Amit K. , He Xi , Tsambali A.-A. , Konstantinidis A. A. , Aifantis E. C. 
Published: August 2018

The double diffusion model was proposed in the late 1970s and extended in 1980s and 1990s by Aifantis and co-workers. It is a continuum model that assumes two local non-equilibrium concentration fields abiding separate mass–momentum equations mediated by a linear mass exchange term. The present work deals with stochastic double diffusion of two competing phase densities to study transport in nanocrystals. We show that the presence of surface inhomogeneities and temporal delay, represented by stochastic dynamics, could have substantial impact at the interface of the two phases. The effect is most pronounced at a critical point (stochastic resonance), where maximum energy transfer occurs, thereby quantifying the impact of surface imperfections in nanocrystal dynamics. The results have been favourably compared with experimental data. This is part of a thematic issue on Small Scale Mechanics - EUROMAT.
LRRK2 kinase inhibitors induce a reversible effect in the lungs of non-human primates with no measurable pulmonary deficits
Authors: Baptista Marco A.S. , Merchant Kalpana , Barrett Ted , Bryce Diane K. , Ellis Michael , Estrada Anthony A. , Fell Matthew J. , Fiske Brian K. , Fuji Reina N. , Galatsis Paul , Henry Anastasia G. , Hill Sue , Hirst Warren , Houle Christopher , Kennedy Matthew E. , Liu Xingrong , Maddess Matthew L. , Markgraf Carrie , Mei Hong , Meier William A. , Ploch Stephen , Royer Christopher , Rudolph Karin , Sharma Alok K. , Stepan Antonia , Steyn Stefan , Trost Craig , Yin Zhizhang , Yu Hongshi , Wang Xiang , Sherer Todd B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPutative gain-of-function mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), resulting in increased kinase activity and cellular toxicity, are a leading genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Hence, there is strong interest in developing LRRK2 kinase inhibitors as a disease-modifying therapy. Published reports that repeat dosing with two LRRK2 kinase inhibitors (GNE-7915 and GNE-0877) induce histopathological changes in the lung of non-human primates Fuji et al. 2015 (1) raised concerns about potential safety liability of LRRK2 kinase inhibitors. In the present study, we sought to determine whether previously observed effects in the lung: (a) represent on-target pharmacology, but with the potential for margin of safety, (b) are reversible upon drug withdrawal, and (c) are associated with pulmonary function deficits. To this end, we evaluated the histopathological effects, toxicokinetics and target inhibition of three structurally diverse LRRK2 kinase inhibitors, GNE-7915 (30 mg/kg, BID, as a positive control), MLi-2 (15 and 50 mg/kg, QD) and PFE-360 (3 and 6 mg/kg, QD) following 2 weeks of dosing in non-human primates. Subsets of animals dosed with GNE-7915 or MLi-2 were evaluated after 2-week dose-free periods. All three LRRK2 kinase inhibitors induced mild cytoplasmic vacuolation of type II pneumocytes, as reported previously, confirming an on-target effect of these compounds. Interestingly, despite lower doses of both PFE-360 and MLi-2 producing nearly complete inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity in the brain as assessed by levels of pS935-LRRK2, histopathological changes in lung were absent in animals treated with low-dose PFE-360 and observed only sporadically in the low-dose MLi-2 group. The lung effect was fully reversible at 2 weeks post-dosing of GNE-7915. In a second study of identical dosing with MLi-2 and GNE-7915, no deficits were observed in a battery of translational pulmonary functional tests. In aggregate, these results do not preclude the development of LRRK2 kinase inhibitors for clinical investigation in Parkinson’s disease.
Protein Kinase A activity is regulated by actomyosin contractility during cell migration and is required for durotaxis
Authors: McKenzie Andrew J. , Williams Tamara F. , Svec Kathryn V. , Howe Alan K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDynamic subcellular regulation of Protein kinase A (PKA) activity is important for the motile behavior of many cell types, yet the mechanisms governing PKA activity during cell migration remain largely unknown. The motility of SKOV-3 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells has been shown to be dependent on both localized PKA activity and, more recently, on mechanical reciprocity between cellular tension and extracellular matrix (ECM) rigidity. Here, we investigated the possibility that PKA is regulated by mechanical signaling during migration. We find that localized PKA activity in migrating cells rapidly decreases upon inhibition of actomyosin contractility (specifically, of myosin ATPase, ROCK (Rho kinase), or MLCK (myosin light chain kinase) activity). Moreover, PKA activity is spatially and temporally correlated with cellular traction forces in migrating cells. Additionally, PKA is rapidly and locally activated by mechanical stretch in an actomyosin contractility-dependent manner. Finally, inhibition of PKA activity inhibits mechanically-guided migration, also known as durotaxis. These observations establish PKA as a locally-regulated effector of cellular mechanotransduction and as a regulator of mechanically-guided cell migration.
In the age of e-learning: application and impact of augmented reality in training
Authors: Upadhyay Ashwani Kumar , Khandelwal Komal 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the developments in augmented reality (AR) and its application and impact in the field of training. It highlights major implications for practice by building on current research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on the review of important developments in research and practice related to AR.

Findings
The engagement and retention are higher for AR-based training, as it layers and supplements the real-world environments with additional content. AR training reduces the pressure of memorizing instructions. AR is being adopted by a variety of organizations ranging from healthcare, automotive, firefighting, military, etc.

Practical implications
The paper provides relevant strategic insights on AR and its relevance in the field of training.

Originality/value
This paper aids the busy executives and researchers by offering the most relevant and valuable information related to AR in a summarized and crisp format.
To stay or switch: breaking the habit of status quo through imagery perspective
Authors: Saine Ruby , Nguyen Carlin A. , Besharat Ali , Trocchia Philip J. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
When consumers imagine themselves in various consumption scenarios, they can do so from the actor or the observer perspective. These different vantage points are known as imagery perspectives. This paper aims to investigate how imagery perspectives can influence consumers’ decisions to stay with the status quo (default option) or to switch to an alternative.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of four experimental design studies were conducted in both lab and online settings to study consumers’ switching tendency and choice. The empirical testing involved products, brands and services, including cameras (Study 1), vacation hotels (Study 2), toilet paper (Study 3) and food (Study 4).

Findings
The authors demonstrate that compared with actor imagery that tends to perpetuate the default product and brand choice, observer imagery increases consumers’ tendency to change and switch to new products and brands.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the methods used in empirical testing, the research results may lack generalizability.

Practical implications
Marketers spend a considerable amount of resources in an attempt to get consumers to switch products and brands. The results of this paper shed light on how marketers can promote switching behaviors through imagery perspective.

Originality/value
The research contributes to the streams of research in mental imagery, de-biasing and status quos, which have progressed in isolation from one another to date. This research is one of the first to investigate imagery perspective in the context of choice architecture.
Co-creating value in online innovation communities
Authors: Akman Hande , Plewa Carolin , Conduit Jodie 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Online innovation communities are central for many organizations seeking to advance their innovation portfolio. While these communities rely on consumers to collaborate in the innovation process, it remains unclear what drives these consumers to perform value co-creation activities and what value dimensions they derive as a result. This paper aims to advance the understanding of value co-creation in the online collaborative innovation context. Specifically, it aims to examine social and individual factors driving such activities, and the value derived from the perspective of the member.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data from collaborative innovation community members yielding 309 complete responses. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data, using variance-based structural equation modelling with partial least squares path modelling in SmartPLS.

Findings
Results confirm that distinct social and individual factors facilitate individual value co-creation activities, including the provision of feedback, helping, rapport building and information sharing. Furthermore, the research confirms the mediating role of learning on these relationships.

Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the micro-foundation movement in marketing by undertaking an independent examination of value co-creation activities and their nomological network.

Practical implications
A shift in the mindset of managing for collaborative innovation is required, from a focus on collaborative product development to the management of an online community where members derive value from their co-creation activities.

Originality/value
This research is the first to offer insight into important individual and social pre-conditions and subsequent value outcomes of four common value co-creation activities. It informs practice about how to facilitate value co-creation activities and contribute to the co-creation of value for online innovation community members.
Theorising communications coaching in Asian contact centres: what is the approach?
Authors: Lockwood Jane 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework that is of practical use to those who are coaching for enhanced communication in the contact centre industry.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptualization of this framework has emerged after several years of working, as an applied linguist and consultant in this industry.FindingsThe interdisciplinary framework proposed in this paper draws on the adult learning theory, on language assessment and applied linguistic practices and studies carried out looking at how competency is developed at work. It proposes four levels of competency from novice to expert with the attendant coaching approach to best target the needs of communications coachees in this industry.Research limitations/implicationsImplications for improved coaching practices in the contact centre industry where there is heavy investment in coaching on the floor. Research limitations are that although there is strong anecdotal evidence that this framework and approach to coaching is effective, the authors need to carry out a large-scale study showing business impact.Practical implicationsThe implications for coaching practitioners are that they have an informed theoretical framework upon which to base their coaching activity. This provides a more targeted approach to the needs of coachees of different levels of experience.Social implicationsAs a result of effective coaching, particularly at the early stages of working in a contact centre, the level of attrition may drop thus providing employees with work in a supportive environment.Originality/valueNo previous study has looked at how theoretical studies in adult learning and applied linguistic practice can inform communications coaching in this industry. It has also involved the quality assurance specialists in collaborating and contributing to this model.
Drug injection within prison in Kyrgyzstan: elevated HIV risk and implications for scaling up opioid agonist treatments
Authors: Azbel Lyuba , Wegman Martin P. , Polonsky Maxim , Bachireddy Chethan , Meyer Jaimie , Shumskaya Natalya , Kurmanalieva Ainura , Dvoryak Sergey , Altice Frederick L. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Within-prison drug injection (WPDI) is a particularly high HIV risk behavior, yet has not been examined in Central Asia. A unique opportunity in Kyrgyzstan where both methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and needle-syringe programs (NSP) exist allowed further inquiry into this high risk environment. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
A randomly selected, nationally representative sample of prisoners within six months of release in Kyrgyzstan completed biobehavioral surveys. Inquiry about drug injection focused on three time periods (lifetime, 30 days before incarceration and during incarceration). The authors performed bivariate and multivariable generalized linear modeling with quasi-binomial distribution and logit link to determine the independent correlates of current WPDI.

Findings
Of 368 prisoners (13 percent women), 109 (35 percent) had ever injected drugs, with most (86 percent) reporting WPDI. Among those reporting WPDI, 34.8 percent had initiated drug injection within prison. Despite nearly all (95 percent) drug injectors having initiated MMT previously, current MMT use was low with coverage only reaching 11 percent of drug injectors. Two factors were independently correlated with WPDI: drug injection in the 30 days before the current incarceration (AOR=12.6; 95%CI=3.3-48.9) and having hepatitis C infection (AOR: 10.1; 95%CI=2.5-41.0).

Originality/value
This study is the only examination of WPDI from a nationally representative survey of prisoners where both MMT and NSP are available in prisons and in a region where HIV incidence and mortality are increasing. WPDI levels were extraordinarily high in the presence of low uptake of prison-based MMT. Interventions that effectively scale-up MMT are urgently required as well as an investigation of the environmental factors that contribute to the interplay between MMT and WPDI.