bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illuminating the Rupturing of Microseismic Sources in an Injection‐Induced Earthquake Experiment
Authors: Huang Yihe , De Barros Louis , Cappa Frédéric 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe analyze source parameters of Mw −3.9 to −3.1 induced earthquakes during an in situ fluid injection experiment in France using the spectral ratio method based on empirical Green's function. We choose 10 event pairs with highly similar waveforms and resolve their spectral ratios using multiple S wave windows. We find that master events ruptured meter‐scale source patches with <1‐μm slip in a preexisting fracture network oriented differently from the injected plane. The temporal correlation between master earthquake occurrence and injection pressure peak and the relatively low ratio of stress drop to crustal strength suggest that both fluid pressure perturbation and aseismic deformation play important roles in inducing the earthquakes. The comparison between stress drops of induced earthquakes in the experiment and in the central United States indicates a dependency of stress drop on crustal shear strength.
Identifying Solar Flare Precursors Using Time Series of SDO/HMI Images and SHARP Parameters
Authors: Chen Yang , Manchester Ward B. , Hero Alfred O. , Toth Gabor , DuFumier Benoit , Zhou Tian , Wang Xiantong , Zhu Haonan , Sun Zeyu , Gombosi Tamas I. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper we present several methods to identify precursors that show great promise for early predictions of solar flare events. A data preprocessing pipeline is built to extract useful data from multiple sources, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites and Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI), to prepare inputs for machine learning algorithms. Two classification models are presented: classification of flares from quiet times for active regions and classification of strong versus weak flare events. We adopt deep learning algorithms to capture both spatial and temporal information from HMI magnetogram data. Effective feature extraction and feature selection with raw magnetogram data using deep learning and statistical algorithms enable us to train classification models to achieve almost as good performance as using active region parameters provided in HMI/Space‐Weather HMI‐Active Region Patch (SHARP) data files. Case studies show a significant increase in the prediction score around 20 hr before strong solar flare events.
Lachlan Orogen, Eastern Australia: Triangle Formation Records the Late Ordovician Arrival of the Macquarie Arc Terrane at the Margin of Eastern Gondwana
Authors: Zhang Q. , Buckman S. , Bennett V. C. , Nutman A. , Song Y. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Ordovician intraoceanic Macquarie Arc terrane is faulted against coeval, quartz‐rich turbidites of the Adaminaby Group within the Lachlan Orogen of eastern Australia. Debates exist concerning the polarity of subduction beneath the Macquarie Arc and the nature of its emplacement, given it is juxtaposed against the Adaminaby Group to both the west and east. We present new provenance and zircon analyses of the Triangle Formation, which consists of interleaved quartz‐rich passive margin sandstones and island arc volcaniclastic rocks. In contrast, the structurally underlying Adaminaby Group contains no volcaniclastic detritus and displays a strong passive margin affinity. One sample from the Triangle Formation yielded a youngest zircon age of 456 ± 16 Ma indicating a subtle Macquarie Arc signature among an overwhelmingly Neoproterozoic and older Gondwanan provenance. The Adaminaby Group yielded a youngest zircon age of 481 ± 6 Ma and a strong Gondwanan zircon signature. We compared these results with volcaniclastic rocks from the Weemalla Formation stratigraphically higher in the Macquarie Arc, which yielded a distinctly unimodal zircon age of 451 ± 8 Ma, which is indistinguishable from the youngest zircon in the Triangle Formation. We suggest the Triangle Formation represents trench fill material sourced predominantly from the Gondwana margin but including some younger Macquarie Arc detritus. This constrains the initiation of this arc‐continent collision to between 448 and 462 Ma (Late Ordovician).
An Examination of Snow Albedo Estimates From MODIS and Their Impact on Snow Water Equivalent Reconstruction
Authors: Bair Edward H. , Rittger Karl , Skiles S. McKenzie , Dozier Jeff 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSnow albedo is a dominant control on snowmelt in many parts of the world. An empirical albedo decay equation, developed over 60 years ago, is still used in snowmelt models. Several empirical snow albedo models developed since show wide spread in results. Remotely sensed snow albedos have been used in a few studies, but validations are scarce because of the difficulty in making accurate in situ measurements. Reconstruction of snow water equivalent (SWE), where the snowpack is built in reverse, is especially sensitive to albedo. We present two new contributions: (1) an updated albedo model where grain size and light absorbing particle content are solved for simultaneously and (2) multiyear comparisons of remotely sensed and in situ albedo measurements from three high‐altitude sites in the western United States. Our remotely sensed albedos show 4 to 6% RMSE and negligible bias. In comparison, empirical albedo decay models, which require extensive in situ measurements, show RMSE values of 7 to 17% with biases of −6 to −14%. We examine the sensitivity of SWE reconstructions to albedo error at two sites. With no simulated error in albedo, reconstructed SWE had MAE values of 7 to 13% and 5–6% bias. The accuracy actually improved with some simulated added error, likely because of a fundamental bias in the reconstruction approach. Conversely, the best age‐based decay model showed an 18–20% MAE and bias in reconstructed SWE. We conclude that remotely sensed albedos where available are superior to age‐based approaches in all aspects except simplicity.
Behavioral predictors of autism recurrence are genetically independent and influence social reciprocity: evidence that polygenic ASD risk is mediated by separable elements of developmental liability
Authors: Pohl Alexa , Jones Warren R. , Marrus Natasha , Zhang Yi , Klin Ami , Constantino John N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe preponderance of causal influence on total population attributable risk for autism is polygenic in nature, but it is not known how such liability engenders the development of the syndrome. In 348 epidemiologically ascertained toddler twins, we explored associations between autistic traits and three robust, highly heritable predictors of familial autism recurrence: variation in attention, motor coordination, and parental autistic trait burden. We observed that these predictors—despite collectively accounting for over one third of variance in clinical recurrence—are genetically independent in early childhood, and jointly account for a comparable share of inherited influence on early reciprocal social behavior in the general population. Thus, combinations of what are otherwise discrete, inherited behavioral liabilities—some not specific to autism—appear to jointly mediate common genetic risk for autism. Linking genetic variants and neural signatures to these independent traits prior to the onset of the development of autism will enhance understanding of mechanisms of causation in familial autistic syndromes. Moreover, ongoing biomarker discovery efforts will benefit from controlling for the effects of these common liabilities, which aggregate in individuals with autism but are also continuously distributed in “controls”. Finally, early inherited liabilities that participate in the early ontogeny of autistic syndromes represent parsimonious intervention targets for polygenic forms of the condition, and represent candidate trans-diagnostic endophenotypes of potential relevance to a diversity of neuropsychiatric syndromes.
Cognitive control of complex motor behavior in marmoset monkeys
Authors: Pomberger Thomas , Risueno-Segovia Cristina , Gultekin Yasemin B. , Dohmen Deniz , Hage Steffen R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMarmosets have attracted significant interest in the life sciences. Similarities with human brain anatomy and physiology, such as the granular frontal cortex, as well as the development of transgenic lines and potential for transferring rodent neuroscientific techniques to small primates make them a promising neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric model system. However, whether marmosets can exhibit complex motor tasks in highly controlled experimental designs—one of the prerequisites for investigating higher-order control mechanisms underlying cognitive motor behavior—has not been demonstrated. We show that marmosets can be trained to perform vocal behavior in response to arbitrary visual cues in controlled operant conditioning tasks. Our results emphasize the marmoset as a suitable model to study complex motor behavior and the evolution of cognitive control underlying speech.
Isolating contiguous Pt atoms and forming Pt-Zn intermetallic nanoparticles to regulate selectivity in 4-nitrophenylacetylene hydrogenation
Authors: Han Aijuan , Zhang Jian , Sun Wenming , Chen Wenxing , Zhang Shaolong , Han Yunhu , Feng Quanchen , Zheng Lirong , Gu Lin , Chen Chen , Peng Qing , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNoble metals play a momentous role in heterogeneous catalysis but still face a huge challenge in selectivity control. Herein, we report isolating contiguous Pt atoms and forming Pt-Zn intermetallic nanoparticles as an effective strategy to optimize the selectivity of Pt catalysts. Contiguous Pt atoms are isolated into single atoms and Pt-Zn intermetallic nanoparticles are formed which are supported on hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (PtZn/HNCNT), as confirmed by aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectrometry measurements. Interestingly, this PtZn/HNCNT catalyst promotes the hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenylacetylene to 4-aminophenylacetylene with a much higher conversion ( > 99%) and selectivity (99%) than the comparison samples with Pt isolated-single-atomic-sites (Pt/HNCNT) and Pt nanoparticles (Pt/CN). Further density functional theory (DFT) calculations disclose that the positive Zn atoms assist the adsorption of nitro group and Pt-Zn intermetallic nanoparticles facilitate the hydrogenation on nitro group kinetically.
Entangled-photon decision maker
Authors: Chauvet Nicolas , Jegouso David , Boulanger Benoît , Saigo Hayato , Okamura Kazuya , Hori Hirokazu , Drezet Aurélien , Huant Serge , Bachelier Guillaume , Naruse Makoto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem is related to social issues such as maximizing total social benefits while preserving equality among individuals by overcoming conflicts between individual decisions, which could seriously decrease social benefits. The study described herein provides experimental evidence that entangled photons physically resolve the CMAB in the 2-arms 2-players case, maximizing the social rewards while ensuring equality. Moreover, we demonstrated that deception, or outperforming the other player by receiving a greater reward, cannot be accomplished in a polarization-entangled-photon-based system, while deception is achievable in systems based on classical polarization-correlated photons with fixed polarizations. Besides, random polarization-correlated photons have been studied numerically and shown to ensure equality between players and deception prevention as well, although the CMAB maximum performance is reduced as compared with entangled photon experiments. Autonomous alignment schemes for polarization bases were also experimentally demonstrated based only on decision conflict information observed by an individual without communications between players. This study paves a way for collective decision making in uncertain dynamically changing environments based on entangled quantum states, a crucial step toward utilizing quantum systems for intelligent functionalities.
Anomalous enhancement of resurgent Na+ currents at high temperatures by SCN9A mutations underlies the episodic heat-enhanced pain in inherited erythromelalgia
Authors: Huang Chiung-Wei , Lai Hsing-Jung , Huang Po-Yuan , Lee Ming-Jen , Kuo Chung-Chin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInherited erythromelalgia (IEM), caused by mutations in Nav1.7 channel is characterized by episodic neuropathic pain triggered especially by warm temperature. However, the mechanism underlying the temperature–dependent episodic attacks of IEM remains elusive. We investigated the electrophysiological effect of temperature changes on Nav1.7 channels with three different mutations, p.I136V, p. I848T, and p.V1316A, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro biophysical studies of the mutant channels show consistent temperature-dependent enhancement of the relative resurgent currents if normalized to the transient currents, as well as temperature-dependent changes in the time to peak and the kinetics of decay of the resurgent currents, but no congruent temperature–dependent changes in steady–state parameters such as shift of activation/inactivation curves and changes of the absolute size of the window or resurgent currents. In vivo nerve excitability tests (NET) in IEM patients reveal the essentially normal indices of NET at a single stimulus. However, there are evident abnormalities if assessed with preconditioning pulses, such as the decrease of threshold elevation in hyperpolarizing threshold electrotonus (50–100 ms), the increase of inward rectification in current–voltage curve, and the increase of refractoriness at the interpulse interval of 2–6 ms in recovery cycle, probably also implicating derangements in temperature dependence of inactivation and of recovery from inactivation in the mutant channels. The pathogenesis of heat–enhanced pain in IEM could be attributed to deranged temperature dependence of Nav1.7 channels responsible for the genesis of resurgent currents.
Regulation of mitochondrial activity controls the duration of skeletal muscle regeneration in response to injury
Authors: Pessemesse Laurence , Tintignac Lionel , Blanchet Emilie , Cortade Fabienne , Jublanc Elodie , Demangel Remi , Py Guillaume , Sar Chamroeun , Cabello Gérard , Wrutniak-Cabello Chantal , Casas François 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThyroid hormone is a major regulator of skeletal muscle development and repair, and also a key regulator of mitochondrial activity. We have previously identified a 43 kDa truncated form of the nuclear T3 receptor TRα1 (p43) which stimulates mitochondrial activity and regulates skeletal muscle features. However, its role in skeletal muscle regeneration remains to be addressed. To this end, we performed acute muscle injury induced by cardiotoxin in mouse tibialis in two mouse models where p43 is overexpressed in or depleted from skeletal muscle. The measurement of muscle fiber size distribution at different time point (up to 70 days) upon injury lead us to unravel requirement of the p43 signaling pathway for satellite cells dependent muscle regeneration; strongly delayed in the absence of p43; whereas the overexpression of the receptor enhances of the regeneration process. In addition, we found that satellite cells derived from p43-Tg mice display higher proliferation rates when cultured in vitro when compared to control myoblasts, whereas p43−/− satellites shows reduced proliferation capacity. These finding strongly support that p43 plays an important role in vivo by controling the duration of skeletal muscle regeneration after acute injury, possibly through the regulation of mitochondrial activity and myoblasts proliferation.
Complete chloroplast genome sequences of four Allium species: comparative and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Huo YuMeng , Gao LiMin , Liu BingJiang , Yang YanYan , Kong SuPing , Sun YuQing , Yang YaHui , Wu Xiong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe genus Allium is one of the largest monocotyledonous genera, containing over 850 species, and most of these species are found in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Furthermore, as a large number of new Allium species continue to be identified, phylogenetic classification based on morphological characteristics and a few genetic markers will gradually exhibit extremely low discriminatory power. In this study, we present the use of complete chloroplast genome sequences in genome-scale phylogenetic studies of Allium. We sequenced and assembled four Allium chloroplast genomes and retrieved five published chloroplast genomes from GenBank. All nine chloroplast genomes were used for genomic comparison and phylogenetic inference. The chloroplast genomes, ranging from 152,387 bp to 154,482 bp in length, exhibited conservation of genomic structure, and gene organization and order. Subsequently, we observed the expansion of IRs from the basal monocot Acorus americanus to Allium, identified 814 simple sequence repeats, 131 tandem repeats, 154 dispersed repeats and 109 palindromic repeats, and found six highly variable regions. The phylogenetic relationships of the Allium species inferred from the chloroplast genomes obtained high support, indicating that chloroplast genome data will be useful for further resolution of the phylogeny of the genus Allium.
Acute exposure to a high-fat diet in juvenile male rats disrupts hippocampal-dependent memory and plasticity through glucocorticoids
Authors: Khazen Tala , Hatoum Ossama A. , Ferreira Guillaume , Maroun Mouna 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe limbic circuit is still undergoing maturation during juvenility and adolescence, explaining why environmental and metabolic challenges during these developmental periods can have specific adverse effects on cognitive functions. We have previously shown that long-term exposure (8–12 weeks) to high-fat diet (HFD) during adolescence (from weaning to adulthood), but not at adulthood, was associated with altered amygdala and hippocampal functions. Moreover, these HFD effects were normalized by treatment with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists. Here, we examined in male rats whether acute exposure (7–9 days) to HFD during juvenility [from postnatal day (PND) 21 to PND 28–30] or adulthood (from PND 60 to PND 67–69) is sufficient to affect hippocampal functions and whether it is also dependent on GRs activation. Juvenile HFD abolished both hippocampal synaptic plasticity, assessed through in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1, and long-term hippocampal-dependent memory, using object location memory (OLM). No effect of HFD was observed in short-term OLM suggesting a specific effect on consolidation process. In contrast, adult HFD enhanced in vivo LTP and OLM. Systemic application of GR antagonist alleviated HFD-induced LTP and OLM impairments in juveniles. These results suggest that acute exposure to HFD during juvenility is sufficient to impair hippocampal functions in a GR-dependent manner. Interestingly, this effect depends on the developmental period studied as acute exposure to HFD at adulthood did not impair, but rather enhanced, hippocampal functions.
Influence of the grain size of high explosives on the duration of a high conductivity zone at the detonation
Authors: Satonkina Nataliya P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAt the detonation of condensed explosives, on the profile of electric conductivity is observed the area of high values, which is usually associated with the chemical reaction zone. The new interpretation of experimental data on the electrical conductivity allows one to diagnose the influence of the grain size on the charge structure and the reaction zone in the whole range of densities investigated. The reliability of the proposed hypotheses are investigated by the methods of statistical analysis. The level of confidence shows the consistency. The results of this paper are useful for the explosion physics, for the industrial production of nanodiamonds, for the miniaturization of explosive devices.
Cyprus in Turkish Poetry İbrahim Zeki Burdurlu and Arif Nihat Asya the Impact of Cyprus
Authors: Karabacak Esra 
Published: August 2019

Ibrahim Zeki Burdurlu and Arif Nihat Asya, who worked as teachers in Cyprus, expressed their impressions of Cyprus and shared the problems faced by the Turkish Cypriots. Ibrahim Zeki Burdurlu has a very soft expression. When history and Cyprus come together, the values of a literature teacher extending from Namık Kemal to Gazi Kemal are expressed. Arif Nihat Asya was a teacher in Cyprus and wrote poems similar to that of İbrahim Zeki Burdurlu. Probably the indifference of the measure and the occasional immeasurability, which are among the elements of Burdurlu's poetry, have aroused influence in Turkish Cypriot poetry. In the meantime, although the understanding of populist poetry nurtured the understanding of easy-to-write poetry, it was effective in Burdurlu's poems. In this study, Cyprus, Ibrahim Zeki Burdurlu and Arif Nihat Asya's poems in post-Republic Turkish poetry will be examined comparatively with example poems by completing them especially in terms of using language.
[1–4].
Entzündet oder überaktiv?
Authors: Vigl Sebastian 
Published: August 2019

SummaryRezidivierende Zystitis und Reizblase sind häufige Krankheitsbilder, vor allem bei Frauen. Dabei ist eine Zystitis bakteriell verursacht, während die Reizblase durch funktionelle Störungen auftritt. Da sich die Pathogenesen bei Zystitis und Reizblase unterscheiden, muss für die Therapie trotz teilweise ähnlicher Symptome die Ursache geklärt werden. Das erfolgt unter anderem durch urologische Untersuchungen und Urindiagnostik. Kombinierte Arzneipflanzen können als Teerezeptur sowohl bei rezidivierender Zystitis als auch bei einer Reizblase eingesetzt werden. Dabei kann man Teedrogen entsprechend individueller Unterschiede ergänzen.
Idiopathic Pruritus Ani and Acute Perianal Dermatitis
Authors: Ortega Adrián E. , Delgadillo Xavier 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article reviews the etiologies, pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, and treatment of idiopathic pruritus ani and perianal dermatitis. It underscores a practical approach to each of these common proctologic conditions.
Early Recognition and Diagnosis of Buried Bumper Syndrome: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Devia Johan , Santivañez Juan Jose , Rodríguez Mario , Rojas Sandra , Cadena Manuel , Vergara Arturo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBuried bumper syndrome (BBS) was described as a complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) that occurs when the internal stump of the probe migrates and is located between the gastric wall and the skin. The increase of compression between the internal stump and the external stump of the gastrostomy tube causes pain and the inability to feed. We present the cases of three patients with BBS managed by the metabolic and nutritional support department. These cases intend to illustrate one of the less frequent complications of PEG, clinical presentation, risk factors, diagnosis, and especially clinical management. Although there are no defined gold standards for its management, the most important points in the management of this condition are early recognition, recommendations to avoid ischemic process at the moment of the insertion of the tube, specific care of the gastrostomy tube, and a periodic nutrition evaluation to avoid overweight, which causes traction and excessive pressure in the gastric wall. It is important for physicians to be aware of the recommendations to prevent BBS and its complications, especially in patients in whom communication can be difficult secondary to their pathologies and comorbidities.