bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy of Intracanal Medicaments in Healing Apical Periodontitis: Insights from a Comprehensive Clinical Study
Authors: Johnson G. Priya , Kataria Shruti , Penumaka Sravana Laxmi , Ameer Bilal , Mohammed Abdul Sattar , Murugesan Sabari 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Apical periodontitis is a prevalent condition that necessitates effective intracanal medicaments for successful endodontic therapy.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 patients diagnosed with apical periodontitis. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups, Group A (calcium hydroxide), Group B (triple antibiotic paste), and Group C (chlorhexidine gel), with 40 patients in each group. Each medicament was placed in the root canal after standard endodontic procedures, and the patients were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months using radiographic assessment and clinical examination. The primary outcome measure was the reduction in lesion size, and secondary outcomes included pain relief and healing time.

Results:
After 6 months, Group B (triple antibiotic paste) showed the highest reduction in lesion size, with an average decrease of 75%, followed by Group C (chlorhexidine gel), with a 60% reduction, and Group A (calcium hydroxide), with a 50% reduction. Pain relief was observed in 85% of patients in Group B, 75% in Group C, and 65% in Group A. The average healing time was the shortest in Group B (4 months), compared to Group C (5 months) and Group A (6 months).

Conclusion:
Triple antibiotic paste demonstrated superior efficacy in healing apical periodontitis compared to calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine gel.
Effectiveness of PRP in Reduction of Localized Alveolitis in Young Adult Patients
Authors: Deshpande Archana D. , Dubey Vertika , Venkateshwar Gokul , Ponnamma  , Maghu Sahil , Rahman Sadaf 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Localized alveolitis, commonly known as dry socket, is a painful post-extraction complication that occurs when the blood clot at the site of the tooth extraction disintegrates. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous concentration of platelets in plasma, has been proposed to enhance wound healing and reduce the incidence of alveolitis.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized controlled trial included 100 young adult patients aged 18-35 undergoing mandibular third molar extractions. The patients were randomly assigned to the PRP group (n = 50) or the control group (n = 50). In the PRP group, PRP was prepared from the patient’s blood and applied to the extraction site immediately after tooth removal. In the control group, no additional treatment was applied. The primary outcome was the incidence of localized alveolitis within 7 days post-extraction. Secondary outcomes included pain levels assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and wound healing evaluated clinically.

Results:
The incidence of localized alveolitis was significantly lower in the PRP group (6%) compared to the control group (20%) (P < 0.05). Patients in the PRP group reported lower pain scores on the VAS at 3 and 7 days post-extraction, with mean scores of 2.5 and 1.2, respectively, compared to 4.0 and 2.8 in the control group. Clinical evaluation showed enhanced wound healing in the PRP group, with fewer signs of inflammation and better epithelialization.

Conclusion:
The application of PRP significantly reduces the incidence of localized alveolitis and accelerates wound healing in young adult patients following mandibular third molar extractions. PRP is a promising adjunctive treatment that enhances postoperative recovery and patient comfort.
Comparison of Intrusive Effects and Amount of Root Resorption in Maxillary Incisors Using Two Conventional Intrusion Arches and Mini-Implants
Authors: Vinu Shilpa , Vadher Virendra , Nair Arvind , Baxi Shalabh , Singh Shweta , Barapatre Chhaya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim and Objective:
This study aimed to compare the amount of maxillary incisor intrusion and root resorption using three methods: mini-implants, utility arches, and Connecticut intrusion arches.

Materials and Methods:
Eighteen patients aged 15 to 25 years with deep bite were divided into three groups: 10 patients each for mini-implant, utility arch, and Connecticut intrusion arch groups. Bilateral mini-implants were used in Group 1, while utility and Connecticut arches were used in Groups 2 and 3, respectively. Intrusion was performed over four months. Lateral cephalograms and orthopantomograms were taken at the start (T1) and after four months (T2).

Results:
The mean incisor intrusion measured by U1-PP was 2.08 mm in Group 1, 1.55 mm in Group 2, and 1.75 mm in Group 3 (P < 0.05). CR-PP measurements showed 1.91 mm in Group 1, 1.56 mm in Group 2, and 1.66 mm in Group 3 (P < 0.05). Incisors in Group 1 showed minimal protrusion compared to significant protrusion in Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Maxillary molars showed no significant changes in Group 1 but distal tipping in Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). No root resorption was observed in any group.

Conclusion:
Mini-screws demonstrated the most effective maxillary incisor intrusion with minimal side effects compared to utility and Connecticut intrusion arches.
Evaluation of Propolis, Aloe Vera Gel, Noni, Pomegranate Juice Natural Storage Medium for Management of Avulsed Teeth
Authors: Sahoo Sanjit Kumar , Vempalli Swetha , Awinashe Minal , Shah Shahzad Ali , Salama Mohamed Tharwat , Abraham Sajith , Shetty Mukul , Ghosh Shaili 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To ascertain the effectiveness of propolis, aloe vera gel, noni, and pomegranate juice natural storage solution in preserving the vitality of avulsed teeth PDL cells.

Materials and Methods:
Forty recently extracted human premolars that were recommended for orthodontic purposes were used in the current investigation. Each of the four storage medium groups (N = 10)—Group A: propolis, Group B: pomegranate juice, Group C: aloe vera, and Group D: noni—was assigned to them at random. The teeth were immersed in one of the three experimental media for forty minutes after being dried for twenty-five minutes at room temperature. Each tooth’s root surface was treated with an enzymatic solution containing 1 mL of Collagenase Type II and Dispase Type I in phosphate buffer saline following drying and soaking. Following the application of 0.4% Trypan blue labeling, the cells were counted using a hemocytometer under a 10x light microscope magnification. The obtained data was statistically analyzed.

Results:
The samples placed in propolis indicated the maximum number of viable PDL cells subsequently pomegranate juice, aloe vera gel, and noni. There was considerable disparity in the amount of viable PDL cells among the groups.

Conclusion:
The current research findings suggest that propolis, pomegranate juice, aloe vera gel, and non-natural media can be employed to preserve the viability of PDL cells in avulsed teeth.
Assessment of Serum Adiponectin and Leptin in Chronic Periodontitis Over Healthy Individuals
Authors: Preethanath Reghunathan S. , Chandy Swaroop , Syed Nubesh Khan , Shankar Bugude Shiva , Seshadri Pavithra Rangarajan , Narayane R , Bai P. K. Saraswathi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the research was to ascertain whether serum levels of the biochemical markers adiponectin and leptin are related to clinical periodontal characteristics.

Materials and Method:
For the study, 20 people with chronic periodontitis (Group A) and 20 healthy people (Group B) were enrolled. Assessments were conducted on periodontal markers, including bleeding on probing (POP), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to assess the levels of adiponectin and leptin in serum samples.

Result:
There was significant elevation in average level of leptin in chronic periodontitis in association to that in healthy group. On the other hand, there was considerable decrease in serum adiponectin in group A in association to healthy group. The ratio of leptin\adiponectin was appreciably greater amongst periodontitis group compared to healthy group.

Conclusion:
The current investigation leads us to the conclusion that the pathophysiology of periodontitis is significantly influenced by serum levels of adiponectin and leptin.
A Neurological Disease, Vathatvartma (Ptosis), Managed with Integrated Management of Modern Science and Ayurveda – A Case Report
Authors: Bhutada Roshna , Rathi Mitali S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Ptosis is when the upper eyelid droops downward. However, a droopy eyelid can cover the pupil and reduce vision in some cases. Causative factors may be congenital, injury or stretching of eyelid muscles or ligaments damage to the nerve controlling the eyelid muscles, aging, a complication of eye surgery, a complication of Botox injections.

Aim and objectives:
To study case of ptosis with integrated treatment of neurologist along with Ayurveda treatment.

Methodology:
Case Description - This is a 34year old female patient complaining that she is unable to open her right eye since11 days. She visited to local ophthalmologist, then they have consulted neurologist, MRI done, treatment started, at the same time patient wants to take Ayurveda treatment also. After 7th day visit to neurologist, she has stopped his medicine and told to continue alternative treatment So she consulted at MGACH&RC Salod on 4/3/2022. Her V/A right eye after uplifting upper lid by doctors hand is 6/6 and lt eye v/A is 6/6. Fundus of both was within normal limit. No diplopia, Acute onset with fronto orbital pain, pupil NSRL, conjugate left downgaze movement restricted.

Result and Discussion:
treatment prescribedshirodhara with brahmi and til tail, netratarpan with triphalaghruta, Tab Palsineuron 2 bd, Tab Ekangvirras 2 bd. - vatashamak Chikitasa is done as ptosis is neurological disease.after 7th day visit to neurologist, he has stopped his medicine and told to continue alternative treatment.

Conclusion:
The results were enthusiastic photographic depiction were taken. This case may be fruitful for further research on Nimesh/ Ptosis.
Effect of Blended Learning Method (Flex Model) on Final-Year Students of BAMS to Learn Shalyatantra
Authors: Shrivastav Pooja , Ghewade Babaji , Parwe Shweta , Asutkar Sheetal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Blended learning is a blend of online and in-person instruction. This study was conducted to see its effect to learn Shalyatantra topic.

Methodology:
Final-year students (58) were equally in two groups. The topic was taught using a conventional technique in group A and a blended learning way in group B. Pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the study, respectively. Students’ and teachers’ perceptions on Likert scale were also taken. Statistical analysis was done.

Observation and Results:
The mean post-test score of group B, i.e. blended learning group (18.37 ± 0.97), was more as compared to group A, i.e. conventional learning group (16.31 ± 1.53). Individually both groups were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that blended learning helped in developing critical thinking, communication skill in students, and enhance the retention of course content.
Evaluation of Flexural Strength and Vickers Micro Hardness of Three Different Denture Base Resin Materials
Authors: Mathar Mohammed Ibrahim , Chadha Manish , Soliman AlMoataz Mohamed Amin , Alharbi Saif H. , Karthik R. Murali , Mustafa Mohammed Ziauddeen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate the Vickers hardness and flexural strength of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) milled, 3D-printed, and traditional heat-polymerized denture base resins used in computer-aided design and manufacture.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 samples were fabricated from CAD/CAM milled resin (PMMA dental material-Ruthinium disc, Badia Polesine (Rovigo) Italy), CAD/CAM 3D-printed resin (NextDent Denture 3D+, Soesterberg, The Netherlands) and conventional heat-polymerized (HP) denture base resin (DBR) (Triplex hot Ivoclar-Vivadent, Liechtenstein). Based on the three different denture base resin materials (n = 10/material) (30/flexural strength and 30/microhardness), the samples were split into six groups. The 3-point bending test was used to assess flexural strength, while Vickers microhardness test was used to assess surface hardness. The acquired data was statistically assessed.

Results:
CAD/CAM milled resins showed appreciably greater values for both the flexural strength and surface hardness, followed by conventional HP denture base resin and CAD/CAM 3D-printed resin. Pairwise comparison for Flexural Strength and Vickers microhardness revealed significant differences between groups.

Conclusion:
CAD/CAM milled resins had the highest surface hardness and flexural strength compared to Conventional HP denture base resin and CAD/CAM 3D-printed resin.
Comparative Study of Implant Placement Techniques and Their Effect on Long-Term Success of Implant-Supported Restorations
Authors: Nagar Priya , Husain Zakir , Gupta Utkarsh , Sheth Malav , Mishra Rahul , Muthuraj HL 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The long-term success of implant-supported restorations is influenced by various implant placement techniques.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized controlled trial involved 120 patients requiring dental implants, divided into three equal groups based on the implant placement technique: Group A (conventional submerged), Group B (one-stage non-submerged), and Group C (guided surgery). All participants were followed for three years. The primary outcomes measured were implant stability (using implant stability quotient (ISQ) values) and marginal bone loss (using radiographic analysis). Secondary outcomes included patient satisfaction and prosthetic complications.

Results:
The study results demonstrated significant differences among the implant placement techniques. Group C (guided surgery) exhibited the highest mean implant stability, with an ISQ value of 75.4, outperforming Group B (one-stage non-submerged) at 73.2 and Group A (conventional submerged) at 71.5. In terms of marginal bone loss, Group A demonstrated the greatest loss at 1.5 mm, whereas Group B and Group C experienced less bone loss, measuring 1.1 mm and 0.9 mm, respectively. Patient satisfaction scores were highest in Group C, with an average of 9.2 out of 10, followed by Group B at 8.7 and Group A at 8.3. Additionally, Group A recorded the highest incidence of prosthetic complications at 15%, compared to 10% in Group B and 5% in Group C, highlighting the superior performance of guided surgery in minimizing complications and enhancing overall outcomes.

Conclusion:
Guided implant surgery demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of implant stability, reduced marginal bone loss, and higher patient satisfaction compared to conventional submerged and one-stage techniques.
Exploring the Link between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Conditions: Implications for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kanimozhi  , Aishwarya K. , Yadav Sweta , Chandy Ajith A. , Muralikrishna Ramyashri , Shinkre Rohan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a growing correlation between periodontal disease, a common inflammatory disorder that affects the tissues supporting the teeth, and several systemic diseases.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred patients from a tertiary care hospital, ages 50–75, participated in this cross-sectional research. The subjects were split up into four groups: 50 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, 50 with Alzheimer’s disease, 50 with Parkinson’s disease, and 50 with periodontal disease. To evaluate periodontal condition, including clinical attachment loss and pocket depth, thorough oral exams were performed. Measurements were made of serum biomarkers for inflammation, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Multivariate regression models were used to examine correlations between the severity of periodontal disease and the underlying systemic diseases.

Results:
In all groups, there were significant relationships between higher levels of indicators of systemic inflammation and the severity of periodontal disease. In comparison to healthy controls (CRP mean value: 2.1 mg/L; IL-6 mean value: 6.4 pg/mL), participants with periodontal disease had higher mean levels of CRP (5.6 mg/L) and IL-6 (mean value: 12.8 pg/mL). Furthermore, compared to those with rheumatoid arthritis, those with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disorders showed higher levels of pocket depth and periodontal attachment loss.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the results point to a possible connection between systemic diseases such rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s.
Climatic and ecological factors responsible for distribution of Phlebotomine Sand flies and occurrence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, in Himachal Pradesh India
Authors: Lata Suman , Kumar Gaurav , Bhakuni Bharat , Kumari Sandhya , Dhiman Ramesh C 
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives:
Subalpine valley along the Sutlej River has been identified as an endemic focus for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Himachal Pradesh (H.P.). The present study was undertaken with aim to find out the climatic and ecological determinants responsible for distribution of sand flies and occurrence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Himachal Pradesh.

Methods:
Collections of sand flies were made in the Shimla, Kullu, and Nichar districts of H.P. during 2017 and 2019. The climatic data were procured from Indian Meteorological centre, Shimla (H.P). The satellite images (Indian remote sensing satellite (IRS)-Linear imaging self-scanner (LISS)-IV sensor multispectral data) having resolution of 5.8m were procured from National Remote Sensing Centre Hyderabad, India. The relationship between the incidence of CL and Land use was analysed.

Results:
A total of 332 sand flies were collected. The transmission of CL was favoured by temperatures exceeding 20°C over a period of six months, specifically from April to September. The valley with an elevation ranging between 1000 to 1250 meters reported 90% of the CL cases. The correlation between CL incidence and land use patterns revealed a notable rise in barren land (8%) and scrub land (5%) from 2013 to 2017.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The findings reveals that specific meteorological conditions and land cover play significant role in determining the presence of sand flies in Himachal Pradesh. To effectively control CL, it is recommended to implement control programs primarily between June and September, focusing particularly on regions with elevations ranging from 1000 to 1250 meters.
Effectiveness of a tertiary specialist obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) service in improving clinical outcomes for patients with treatment-resistant/complex OCD
Authors: Pilunthanakul Thanita , Yim Jackki , Jayaraman Hariram , Lau Boon Jia , Ang Desmond , Wong Sheena , Gupta Bhanu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition that can result in significant distress and impaired quality of life (QoL). This retrospective cohort study investigated the effectiveness of individually tailored pharmacotherapy, exposure and response prevention (ERP), and socioeconomic and family interventions on clinical outcomes at a specialist clinic focused on treatment-resistant/complex OCD.

Methods:
Patients with treatment-resistant/complex OCD treated at the Institute of Mental Health OCD clinic, Singapore, between January 2015 and March 2019 were invited to participate in the study. The interventions included pharmacotherapy and 12–60 intensive cognitive behavioural therapy/ERP sessions, and targeted socio-occupational dysfunction and family accommodation. Yale–Brown obsessive–compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) scales were administered pre- and post-treatment. Linear regression and one-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis.

Results:
Overall, there was a significant reduction in Y-BOCS score of 9.2 (P < 0.001) and an improvement in Q-LES-Q-SF score of 11.6 (P < 0.001). Of 70 participants, 35 (50%), 12 (17%), and 23 (33%) achieved full, partial, and no treatment response, respectively. Improvement in OCD symptoms was associated with lower baseline Y-BOCS scores and being married. Improvement in QoL was associated with higher baseline Q-LES-Q-SF scores.

Conclusion:
Interventions at the clinic improved OCD symptoms and QoL in patients with treatment-resistant/complex OCD, likely due to the simultaneous socio-occupational support services available.
Cytotoxic Drug Wastage Resulting during the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers: The First Study Addressing the Quantity and Economic Implications
Authors: D’Souza Veena Reshma , Krishna Abhishek , Simon Paul , George Thomas , Palatty Princy Louis , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
In the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), because the therapeutic index is narrow and the cytotoxic drug amount to be administered needs to be accurate and varies from person to person, a substantial amount of medicine can end up as leftover. This study analyzed this aspect from a financial viewpoint.

Materials and Methods:
This study recorded the prescribed dose, the chemotherapy regimens employed, the quantity utilized, and the leftover waste from the nurse’s log book, whereas the cost of the drugs was noted from the pharmacy bill and the inventory. The total and average drug costs were calculated based on each person’s actual drug wastage and pharmacy bill.

Results:
The results of the study revealed that a total of 120 HNC patients received treatment during the study period. Cisplatin, carboplatin, docetaxel, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil were utilized to treat HNC and wasted medications totaled 14850 mg and accounted for 12% of reconstituted medications. Cisplatin, carboplatin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and docetaxel had 3.15%, 14.53%, 16.675, 9.56%, and 15.10% wastage. The drug waste cost Rs. 254,421 and docetaxel had the highest wastage cost (Rs. 119,875) and cisplatin the lowest (Rs. 6414.47). Among the combination regimens, paclitaxel–carboplatin had the largest medication wastage of 425 ± 311 and 147.5 ± 101.9 mg, respectively.

Conclusion:
The results of this first-of-its-kind study on drug waste in HNC treatment indicate that the unnecessary disposal of valuable anticancer medications resulted in substantial financial losses. Efforts should be made to reduce waste and save money without risking the safety of patients by altering the treatment plans or the dosing schedules.