bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influences on Skin and Intrinsic Aging: Biological, Environmental, and Therapeutic Insights
Authors: Hussein Ramadan S. , Bin Dayel Salman , Abahussein Othman , El‐Sherbiny Abeer Ali 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground/AimAging involves a progressive deterioration in physiological functions and increased disease susceptibility, impacting all organs and tissues, especially the skin. Skin aging is driven by intrinsic factors (genetics, cellular metabolism) and extrinsic factors (environment, lifestyle). Understanding these mechanisms is vital for promoting healthy aging and mitigating skin aging effects. This review aims to summarize the key factors influencing skin and intrinsic aging, providing a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and contributing elements.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on peer‐reviewed journals, clinical studies, and scientific reviews published within the last two decades. The inclusion criteria prioritized studies that addressed intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of skin aging. To ensure the relevance and quality of the selected sources, a systematic approach was used to assess study design, sample size, methodology, and the significance of the findings in the context of skin aging.FindingsThe review identifies major internal factors, such as cellular senescence, genetic predisposition, telomere shortening, oxidative stress, hormonal changes, metabolic processes, and immune system decline, as pivotal contributors to intrinsic aging. External factors, including UV radiation, pollution, lifestyle choices (diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep patterns), and skincare practices, significantly influence extrinsic skin aging. The interplay between these factors accelerates aging processes, leading to various clinical manifestations like wrinkles, loss of skin elasticity, pigmentation changes, and texture alterations.ConclusionA comprehensive understanding of both extrinsic and intrinsic factors contributing to skin aging is essential for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies. The insights gained from this review highlight the importance of a multifaceted approach, incorporating lifestyle modifications, advanced skincare routines, and emerging therapeutic technologies, to mitigate the effects of aging and promote healthier, more resilient skin.
A Scoping Review of Observational Research on Cannabis Use for Symptom Management in HIV and Cancer: Implications for Cannabis Nursing
Authors: Cho Hwayoung , Kalina Elena , Wu Jianli , Cook Robert , Salloum Ramzi , Liu Yiyang , Bian Jiang , Guo Jingchuan , Starkweather Angela 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople with HIV have a higher risk of developing non‐AIDS‐defining cancers in older age, leading to a significant population living with two conditions, HIV and cancer. There is an increasing interest in cannabis use for symptom management in people with chronic conditions; in 2023, the American Nurses Association officially recognised cannabis nursing as a specialty nursing practice focusing on the care of individuals seeking education/guidance in the therapeutic use of cannabis, supporting the urgency of its research. However, the scientific literature lacks a synthesised review in the focused populations.AimTo explore observational research on cannabis use for symptom management among people with HIV and/or cancer and identify gaps in current knowledge to inform future research and policy development.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist, a literature search of relevant articles was conducted in the databases PubMed (n = 552), PsycInfo (n = 204), CINAHL (n = 164) and Embase (n = 976). Upon screening 1738 articles, 142 were identified for full‐text review and 51 were retained for data extraction.ResultsThere were more studies evaluating cannabis use among people with cancer than with HIV and no studies among people living with comorbid HIV and cancer. Most studies were cross‐sectional with limited metrics on the perceived effectiveness and safety of cannabis use for symptom management and its dosing/mode of delivery for reducing symptoms. While studies focused on cannabis therapy under the provision of healthcare providers, individuals reported obtaining information about cannabis from friends/family/the Internet.Implications for Cannabis NursingThis body of research could be strengthened by rigorous longitudinal study designs to build causal relationships on the therapeutic effects of cannabis use and the inclusion of reliable and valid symptom assessment measures over time, which facilitates developing clinical practice guidance and policymaking in cannabis nursing.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Longitudinal changes in regional fat and muscle composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers over 5 years of hormone therapy in transgender individuals
Authors: Lundberg Tommy R. , Tryfonos Andrea , Eriksson Lisa M.J. , Rundqvist Helene , Rullman Eric , Holmberg Mats , Maqdasy Salwan , Linge Jennifer , Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist , Arver Stefan , Andersson Daniel P. , Wiik Anna , Gustafsson Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLongitudinal studies investigating hormone therapy in transgender individuals are rare and often limited to 1‐ to 2‐year follow‐up periods.Objectives and MethodsWe examined changes in body composition, muscle volumes, and fat distribution as well as muscle strength, arterial stiffness, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in both transgender men (TM; n = 17, age 25 ± 5 years) and transgender women (TW; n = 16, age 28 ± 5 years) at baseline and after 1 and 5–6 years of hormone therapy in a longitudinal prospective cohort design. Whole‐body and regional fat and muscle volumes were analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging, and blood samples were taken.ResultsSkeletal muscle size increased in TM (21% after 6 years) and decreased in TW (7% after 5 years). Muscle strength increased 18% after 6 years in TM (p = 0.003) but was statistically unchanged in TW. Muscle fat infiltration changed (p < 0.05) almost completely toward the affirmed sex phenotype after 1 year of therapy in both TM and TW. The most notable changes in fat volume distribution were that TW increased total adiposity but decreased visceral fat volume, whereas TM showed increased visceral fat (70%) and liver fat but relatively stable total adipose tissue levels. Although arterial stiffness and blood pressure did not change, there was a significant increase in triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels and a decrease in HDL levels in TM after 6 years.ConclusionThese unique longitudinal data underscore the importance of continued clinical monitoring of the long‐term health effects of gender‐affirming hormone therapy in both TW and, perhaps especially, TM.
The uneven effect of Airbnb on the housing market: Evidence across and within Italian cities
Authors: Congiu Raffaele , Pino Flavio , Rondi Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe investigate if Airbnb diffusion affects residential property values differently across and within cities leveraging the heterogeneity of five Italian cities in terms of tourist attractiveness, local housing markets, and socioeconomic conditions. We find that Airbnb density growth leads to increases in house prices in all cities. Within‐city, the impact is positive both in centers and in the suburbs in more touristic towns, but only in the center in the others. Moreover, Airbnb may increase or decrease the center–periphery price gap. Our results suggest that the different impact of Airbnb on housing submarkets is driven by local disparity conditions.
The Core‐Periphery Model Under Additively Separable Preferences
Authors: Wang Congcong , Zeng Dao‐Zhi , Zhu Xiwei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper reexamines Krugman's core‐periphery model by substituting his constant elasticity of substitution (CES) utility with a general additively separable utility that comprehensively captures the pro‐competitive effect while preserving the income effect. The heterogeneous consumption patterns of skilled workers and unskilled workers introduce a demand adjustment effect. The resulting interaction <span>between</span> the dispersion force, driven by the pro‐competitive effect and the demand adjustment effect, and the agglomeration force stemming from the “second nature,” leads to various possible location patterns. These comprehensive demand and supply linkages generate novel evolutionary paths and bifurcation diagrams. Notably, high trade costs do not always lead to complete dispersion, and free trade does not necessarily result in agglomeration. Furthermore, multiple phases of redispersion are also possible.
Impact of Periodontal Lipopolysaccharides on Systemic Health: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions
Authors: Santos Wanderson S. , Solon Isabelly G. , Branco Luiz G. S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPeriodontal diseases, particularly periodontitis, are complex inflammatory conditions caused by interactions between oral microbiota and the host immune response. Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from Gram‐negative bacteria like Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas gingivalis are key in pathogenesis. This review examines how LPS impacts systemic health through direct invasion, compromised oral barriers, increased vascular permeability, and immune cell transport. LPS triggers inflammation in periodontal tissues, leading to tissue destruction and disease progression. In the bloodstream, LPS contributes to conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, respiratory diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Current treatments include mechanical debridement, antibiotics, antimicrobial mouthwashes, and anti‐inflammatory therapies. Despite progress, gaps remain in understanding the molecular mechanisms of LPS in systemic diseases. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, the gut–oral axis, biomarkers for early detection, and the lymphatic system's role in LPS dissemination. Maintaining periodontal health is crucial for overall systemic well‐being.
Distinguishing Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome From Fasciculoventricular Pathway Using QRS‐T Angle Analysis
Authors: Nakagawa Ryo , Sato Kazuhisa , Yoshida Yoko , Suzuki Tsugutoshi , Nakamura Yoshihide 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWolff‐Parkinson‐White (WPW) syndrome and fasciculoventricular pathway (FVP) present electrocardiographic manifestations characterized by delta waves, differentiating these two is challenging. Specifically, WPW type B with QRS width ≤120 ms, resembles typical FVP features. Because of the presence of repolarization abnormalities in WPW syndrome, our hypothesis centered on the potential utility of the QRS‐T angle for distinguishing WPW syndrome from FVP. To determine the discriminative value of the QRS‐T angle for delineating WPW syndrome from FVP.MethodsWe included cases of WPW syndrome treated with catheter ablation and FVP diagnosed via adenosine triphosphate administration between 2007 and 2023. We excluded cases with WPW type A, QRS width >120 ms, intermittent WPW, congenital heart disease or myocardial damage, ablation history, tachycardia, palpitations within 3 months, and WPW syndrome featuring an accessory pathway on the left lateral wall. Eventually, we identified 40 and 54 patients from the WPW and FVP groups, respectively. The QRS‐T angle was compared between the WPW and FVP cohorts.ResultsThe QRS‐T angle in the WPW group was significantly larger than in the FVP group (45.7 ± 46.3° vs. 17.8 ± 13.9°, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis with a sensitivity and specificity of 65.0% and 72.6%, respectively, demonstrated that the optimal cut‐off value for the QRS‐T angle was 22° for distinguishing WPW from FVP. Remarkably, all cases with a QRS‐T angle >65° were within the WPW group.ConclusionsThe QRS‐T angle can offer promising utility in differentiating WPW syndrome from FVP.
Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV: Implementing the Aarhus convention in EU law
Authors: Augustyniak Łukasz 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe 1998 Aarhus Convention has had a transformative influence on the legal orders of the European Union (EU) and its Member States. In Case C‐873/19, the Court of Justice of the EU expanded its reasoning on the interpretation of article 9(3) of the Aarhus Convention. First, it ruled that article 5(2) of Regulation 715/2007 on EC‐type approval is to be regarded as law relating to the environment. Second, the Court confirmed that article 9(3) of the Aarhus Convention in conjunction with article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU creates an obligation incumbent on EU Member States to enable an environmental organisation to have standing to challenge a decision approving certain diesel engines devices that restrict emissions. This case note enquires into the consequences of the Court's broad understanding of term ‘law relating to the environment’. Furthermore, it argues that although EU law obligations based on article 9(3) of the Aarhus Convention lack direct effect when read in conjunction with article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, they produce a similar effect in legal orders of the EU Member States and impose an obligation to provide broad procedural rights for environmental nongovernmental organisations in any matters related to environmental law.
Study on Repairing Defects in S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Clad Plates for Spent Fuel Storage Pools in Nuclear Power Plants Using Underwater Local Dry Laser Fillet Welding With Filler Wire
Authors: Zhao Chenglu , Zhu Jialei , Guo Fangtao , Li Guixin , Li Congwei , Huang Yushan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To address the deficiencies in the fillet welding position of the clad plates in the simulated spent fuel pool, an underwater test platform was designed for local dry laser fillet welding under both normal and high-pressure environments. This study focused on multilayer and multipass (MLMP) welding repairs, specifically examining the local underwater laser dry fillet welding process using filler wire made of duplex stainless steel S32101 for third-generation nuclear power stations in air environment (AE), underwater environment (UE), and high-pressure underwater environment (HPUE). The analysis included the microstructure, ferrite content, phase composition, chemical composition, microhardness, and localized corrosion resistance of the fillet welds across the three environments. The main conclusions are as follows: under HPUE, the grain size is the smallest, the cooling rate is the fastest, and the weld consists of intragranular austenite (IGA), grain boundary austenite (GBA), and Widmanstätten austenite (WA); the ferrite content in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is greater than that in the weld zone, with the highest ferrite content observed in the HPUE; the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of δ (110) and γ (111) varies across different environments; the manganese (Mn) content in HPUE is low; the hardness of the weld zone is the highest, followed by the HAZ, while the base metal (BM) exhibits the lowest hardness; and the pitting corrosion resistance in HPUE is the strongest, attributed to the rapid cooling rate and the pressure of nitrogen (N2) gas velocity.
Numerical Investigation of Duct Augmented Vertical Axis Wind Turbine With Cambered Airfoils
Authors: Das Karmakar Satyajit , Chattopadhyay Himadri 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In urban settings, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have gained recognition for their ease of usage and omnidirectional wind acceptance. Their low efficiency in comparison to horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) has prevented them from being extensively utilized, though. A viable solution to this constraint is duct augmentation, which aims to increase airflow and, consequently, the capacity to harvest energy. This study investigates the integration of a duct in the wind turbine system to enhance the performance of VAWT. This work reports a two-dimensional (2D) numerical simulation of a ducted VAWT using a standard blade profile NACA0017 of National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) to evaluate its performance in comparison to that of a bare VAWT. Furthermore, a thorough examination of torque ripple factor, coefficient of power (CP), instantaneous net torque coefficients, wake velocity deficit, turbulent intensity and vorticity distribution surrounding the duct is conducted. While the tip speed ratio (TSR) value for bare VAWT with NACA0017 airfoils corresponding to highest CP is 3, this value shifts to 3.5 when VAWT is augmented with duct. For ducted VAWT, the range of maximum CP is within 0.5 to 0.7 at TSR 3.5. CP is enhanced by approximately 5 times compared to the bare VAWT for inlet velocities V∈[3, 4 m/s]. With increasing wind speed beyond 5 m/s, the CP goes on reducing. The torque ripple factor is found to be lowest at a TSR of 3.5, where the maximum augmentation is achieved.
Fuel Thermal Management and Injector Part Design for LPBF Manufacturing
Authors: Becker Ralf , Kasperovich Galina , Tiessen Peter , Haubrich Jan , Behrendt Thomas , Janus Bertram 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) methods such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are particularly attractive methods for manufacturing aero-engine burners as they allow for a complex design with well-tailored features at reasonable production costs. Unfavorable is still the lower precision in terms of geometrical accuracy and surface roughness compared to classical machining, especially if surfaces are oriented in unfavorable orientations. With regard to coke formation and the possibility of fuel line blockage due to too small cross-sectional areas, these drawbacks raise the question how fuel lines may be manufactured by AM and how AM affects the propensity of coke formation. In this study, the geometrical accuracy of LPBF manufactured parts built in small inclination angles to the working bed with “standard parameters” and well-adapted parameters is examined. For further improvement, two shape adjustment strategies are proposed and validated. Regarding the risk of coke formation, deposition rates on LPBF manufactured parts as-built and postprocessed with chemical etching are evaluated. It is shown that an optimized set of machining parameters increases the geometrical precision substantially, and the adjustment of the shape helps to meet the desired cross-sectional areas. Due to the increased roughness of LPBF manufactured parts, the evaluated coke deposition rates exceed the rates measured on classical machined parts by an order of magnitude. As presented, chemical etching the parts is an effective measure against coke deposition since the deposition rates descend to less than the half.
Research on Unsteady Flow Mixing Characteristics of Centripetal Wave Rotor Combustor
Authors: Nie Zhaolong , Gong Erlei , Li Jianzhong , Yao Qian , Zheng Renchuan , Feng Zhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The centripetal wave rotor combustor can better match the centrifugal compressor and the axial turbine of the reference machine, reduce the size of the engine and simplify the transition section structure. In this paper, we use numerical simulations to investigate the effects of blade shape and blade deflection angle on the unsteady flow mixing characteristics of the centripetal wave rotor combustor and complete the optimization of its structure. It is shown that in all designed channels, flow separation is present. The circumferential shear forces and pressure gradient forces contribute to the uneven distribution of the mixture within the channel, and their effects are irremovable. When the blade curve is tangent to the line connecting the endpoint of the inner diameter and the rotor center, it facilitates a particular configuration. This blade shape can enhance the uniformity of the fuel-air mixture distribution within the channel. The blade deflection angle has little effect on the fuel-air mixture distribution, the pressure distribution, and the prepressurization effect in the channel. Changing the width-to-diameter ratio of the channel, or the size of the ports and the phase difference can improve the distribution of the fuel-air mixture in the channel, and both of them are also the key factors affecting the prepressurization effect.
Attitudes towards FCTC Article 5.3 among tobacco control stakeholders in Thailand and their relationship with awareness of tobacco industry tactics
Authors: Patanavanich Roengrudee , Punkrajang Paweena , Ingkasereepitak Jaruayporn , Phaenthong Warodom , Yimnual Chantapol , Katithamanit Sarin , Wichakpan Praepilai 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundArticle 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was developed to protect public health policies from tobacco industry interference. The guiding principles of Article 5.3 emphasise a fundamental conflict between the tobacco industry’s interests and public health interests (principle 1) and recommend that the government be accountable and transparent (principle 2), demand accountability and transparency from the industry (principle 3), and refrain from providing incentives to the industry (principle 4). This study quantitatively explored attitudes towards Article 5.3’s guiding principles and recommendations among Thai tobacco control stakeholders and whether they were associated with awareness of tobacco industry tactics.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of 703 individuals involved in tobacco control in Thailand . We employed multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with attitudes towards Article 5.3’s guiding principles and recommendations.Results441 participants responded to the survey (response rate 62.7%). Among the Article 5.3 guiding principles, principle 1 received the lowest agreement (83%), whereas the other three principles had an average of 93% agreement. In multivariable ordinal logistic regression, we found awareness of tobacco industry tactics was associated with Article 5.3’s guiding principles: principle 1 (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.11; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.15; p<0.001), principle 2 (AOR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.12; p=0.002), principle 3 (AOR 1.11; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.15; p<0.001) and principle 4 (AOR 1.14; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.19; p<0.001). In addition to awareness of tobacco industry tactics, age, years of experience in tobacco control, role in tobacco control and smoking by family members and friends were associated with perspectives towards Article 5.3’s guidelines.ConclusionsThis study provides quantitative evidence of the association between attitudes towards WHO FCTC Article 5.3 and awareness of tobacco industry tactics in Thailand. Denormalisation of the tobacco industry is thus a vital component of successfully implementing and enforcing Article 5.3.