bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning and AVO Class-II Advanced Prospectively Workflow in Upper Messinian; A Successful Story, Offshore Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Abd-Elfattah Nadia , Dahroug Aya , Kammar Manal El , Fahmy Ramy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive workflow to detect low seismic amplitude gas fields in hydrocarbon exploration projects, focusing on the West Delta Deep Marine (WDDM) concession, offshore Egypt. The workflow integrates seismic spectral decomposition and machine learning algorithms to identify subtle anomalies, including low seismic amplitude gas sand and background amplitude water sand. Spectral decomposition helps delineate the fairway boundaries and structural features, while Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis is used to validate gas sand anomalies. The entire seismic volume is classified into facies domains using machine learning, which isolates target features from seismic background data. The study area, covering 1850 km2, includes major structures such as the Rosetta fault and Nile Delta offshore anticline, with reservoirs consisting of layered sandstones and mudstones. Over 90 wells, including exploration and development wells, have been drilled in the area. Seismic amplitude data, including full and partial offset stacked, were analyzed to classify gas, water, and shale zones. The workflow's performance is demonstrated through the successful identification of the low-amplitude Swan-E Messinian anomaly, characterized as a high-risk gas prospect. Machine learning techniques, specifically neural network models, were trained to differentiate seismic features such as low-amplitude gas sand from background-amplitude water sand and shale. By iterating over multiple attributes and validating the models on blind test sets and on a blind section, which excluded a known shallow gas field, the workflow significantly improved the ability to detect potential hydrocarbon reservoirs characterized by low seismic amplitude. The results show that this integrated approach reduces exploration risk, quantifies the chance of success, and enhances decision-making in well placement and hydrocarbon exploration. This method is particularly useful for identifying low seismic amplitude anomalies, which are often challenging to detect with conventional seismic analysis. • This study developed a workflow to detect low seismic amplitude gas fields in near-field exploration. • It uses a machine learning algorithm to classify and explore low-seismic-amplitude gas sand reservoirs. • This approach helps estimate the likelihood of success and reduces the risk associated with hydrocarbon exploration wells.
Improvement of persistent impairments in Executive Functions and Attention following Electroconvulsive therapy in a case control longitudinal follow up study
Authors: Hammar Åsa , Ronold Eivind Haga , Spurkeland Alden , Ueland Rita , Kessler Ute , Oedegaard Ketil J. , Oltedal Leif 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
How cognition is influenced by electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is still debated. The development and etiology of neurocognitive impairment in MDD was examined by investigating the cognitive profile following ECT related to the state-, scar and trait-perspectives, with the former predicting improvements parallel with depressive symptoms, while the two latter expected persisting impairments. executive functions (EF) and attention are central to cognition and alterations in these functions could influence other domains like memory. The main aims of the present study were to examine short- and long-term effects of ECT on EF and attention in patients with major depressive disorder by exploiting the rapid antidepressant effect of this treatment.
Methods
A case-control longitudinal follow-up design was used to investigate the effects of unilateral brief-pulse ECT on EF and attention in patients with depression (n = 36) compared to untreated healthy controls (n = 16). EF and attention were measured pre-treatment (T1), approximately three weeks (T2) and 6 months post-treatment (T3).
Results
The patient group showed significantly worse performance on most tests compared to healthy controls pre-treatment, and no short- or long-term worsening of EF and attention following ECT was found. Significant improvement was identified in patients’ attentional capacity, processing speed and inhibition after ECT.
Conclusions
The present study showed that there was no cognitive worsening after ECT treatment. An improvement in several of the tests measuring inhibition, attention and processing speed was parallel to symptom reduction, with the former showing associations to symptom change, suggesting state-related effects from improved mood. Still, the patient group performed significantly worse on most measures both pre-treatment and at the short- and long- term follow-ups, indicating prevailing trait or scar effects on cognitive functions and potential lack of practice effects.
Clinical trial number:
Not applicable.
Research on the comprehensive control technology of anchor- shotcreting- grouting for soft rock roadway: A case study
Authors: Wu Jianxing , Jiao Jiankang , Zhou Shishi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Effective and safe support in soft rock roadways remains a critical challenge in underground coal mining due to the rocks' extreme weakness and susceptibility to weathering and water invasion. In this paper, the tailgate of the longwall panel 2606, a typical soft rock roadway, excavated along the edges of mined-out areas with thin pillars of Lvtang Coal Mine in Guizhou, China is taken as the engineering background. Despite the use of a combination of rock bolts, cable bolts, and surface support systems, significant roadway deformation was observed. The mechanisms behind the significant deformation were analyzed through in-situ tests and clay mineral composition analysis. The analyses revealed that the primary causes of the roadway's large deformation were the low strength and susceptibility to weathering of the coal and surrounding rock. A novel synergistic control strategy combining anchor, shotcreting and grouting was proposed for supporting soft rock roadways. Detailed numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the deformation and stability of the tailgate under various support scenarios, validating the effectiveness of the proposed support scheme. The synergistic support strategy was implemented to reinforce the 2606 tailgate, and field monitoring was conducted to assess its effectiveness. Monitoring data indicated that the rib deformation with the new support design was reduced by 66% compared to the original design. The results demonstrated that the improved synergistic support system effectively eliminated large deformations and maintained the stability of the tailgate. These findings provide a valuable engineering reference for supporting and reinforcing soft rock roadways under similar geological conditions.
The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Characterization of Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Hashim Ahmed Morad , Gamal Gamal Eldin Mansour Mohamed , Abdellatef Abeer , Ahmed Hany Hagag 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Incidentally discovered focal liver lesions (FLLs) are a common reason for referral to hepatobiliary services. These lesions are frequently found in patients with colorectal cancer, cirrhosis, or incidentally during evaluations for abdominal pain or shock. Several established diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transabdominal ultrasound (US), and computed tomography (CT) are well-studied for assessing liver diseases. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), traditionally used for evaluating the mediastinum, biliary tract, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas, is increasingly complementing these traditional diagnostic methods in hepatology. The study aimed to delineate the endoscopic ultrasound elastography role in visualization and hepatic focal hepatic tissue differentiation of lesions in comparison to the routine radiological and laboratory methods.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, we enrolled 41 patients with hepatic focal lesions, abdominal ultrasonography, triphasic CT abdomen, and Endosonography examinations were performed on all participants.
Results: There was a highly significant difference between the studied groups as regards the Strain Ratio and Echogenicity (P0.01).
Conclusion: Ultrasound elastography and strain ratio are promising, non-invasive, nondependent on any contrast material techniques that could significantly enhance routine grey-scale sonographic examinations of the liver by better delineating the characteristics of hepatic focal lesions.
The Brass Tacks of Gadolinium Toxicity: Precipitation of Gadolinium Oxalate from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents
Authors: Wagner Brent , Henderson Ian , Benavidez Angelica , Mowry Curtis , Bachand George , Watt John , Kirk Martin , Dokladny Karol , DeAguero Joshua , Escobar Gladys 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The formation of gadolinium-rich nanoparticles in multiple tissues from intravenous magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents may be the initial step in rare earth metallosis. The mechanism of gadolinium-induced diseases is poorly understood, as is how these characteristic nanoparticles are formed. Gadolinium deposition has been observed with all magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent brands. Aside from endogenous metals and acidic conditions, little attention has been paid to the role of the biological milieu in the degradation of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents into nanoparticles. Herein, we describe the decomposition of the commercial magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents Omniscan and Dotarem in the presence of oxalic acid, a well-known endogenous compound. Omniscan dechelated rapidly and preluded measurement by the means available, while Dotarem underwent a two-step decomposition process. The decomposition of both magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents by oxalic acid formed gadolinium oxalate (Gd2[C2O4]3, Gd2Ox3). Furthermore, both observed steps of the Dotarem reaction involved the associative addition of oxalic acid. Adding protein (bovine serum albumin) increased the rate of dechelation. These reactions could occur at lysosomal pH. Through these studies, we have demonstrated that magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents can be dissociated by endogenous molecules, thus illustrating a metric by which gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) might be destabilized in vivo.
Genome-Wide Analysis of ARGOS and Its Homologous Genes in Brassica Crops and Stress Tolerance Verification of the BnaC6.ARGOS in rapeseed
Authors: tian tian , long zhengxi , gong xian , wang zhen , zhang chao , miao liu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the second largest oil crop in the world, which the yield and stress resistance of has always been the primary goal of researchers. Here, a rapeseed gene Auxin Regulated Gene involved in Organ Size (ARGOS; BnaC6.ARGOS) was isolated, and its overexpression could significantly increase the organ size in Arabidopsis. In the present study, 7, 5, and 19 putative ARGOS and their homologous genes were identified in Brassca rapa (B. rapa), Brassca oleracea (B. oleracea) and rapeseed, respectively. The results of subcellular localization experiments showed that the BnaC6.ARGOS expressed on the cell membrane. Different spatiotemporal expression patterns were displayed of BnaARGOS and homologous genes, and whose promoters were abundant in the light-, abscisic acid (ABA-), Methyl jasmonate (MeJA-) and drought stress cis-elements. In addition, BnaC6.ARGOS in rapeseed has been shown to be regulated by light, drought, and ABA concentration. In addition, overexpressing BnaC6.ARGOS significantly increases the germination rate of rapeseed seeds under drought stress compared to wild-type plants. The research results contributed to understanding the evolutionary relationship between ARGOS and its homologous genes in Brassica crops, and validate the biological function of BnaC6.ARGOS, making it a candidate gene for improving rapeseed yield and drought resistance.
Biomechanical changes in the lumbar and hip joints after curved acetabular osteotomy
Authors: QU yongzhen , Tang Hao , Lu Ning , Yang Tingdong , Li Peng , Li Wenjing , Huangfu Wenfei , Xu WenTe , Zhou AnLi , Sun ZhiHang , Chen Jia , Xu Shisen , Han Xiechuan , Xu Ping , Zhou Taoyong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The alignment of the spine and pelvis significantly impacts overall body balance; therefore, alterations in hip and lumbar spine biomechanics following curved acetabular osteotomy (CPO) can help surgeons optimize acetabular correction. To achieve this goal, we conducted patient-specific finite element analyses to compare hip and lumbar disc contact pressure (CP) between patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and healthy individuals. Additionally, we examined the influence of CPO on the CP of both the hip and lumbar discs in patients with DDH.
Methods
We conducted finite element analyses of the hip and lumbar spine before and after CPO and compared them with those of a healthy human model. Subsequently, we simulated CPO on the preoperative model. Nonlinear contact analysis was employed to calculate the CP of the acetabular cartilage and lumbar discs during a single-leg stance.
Results
The maximum and average acetabular CP in patients with DDH were 5.4 MPa and 4.5 MPa, respectively. The average CP for the five lumbar discs were 3 MPa, 2.5 MPa, 2 MPa, 3.5 MPa, and 4.4 MPa. In contrast, the maximum and average acetabular CP in normal subjects were 3.7 MPa and 2.1 MPa, respectively, and the average CP of their lumbar discs were 1 MPa, 2 MPA, 1.88 MPa, 2.1 MPa, and 2.1 MPa, respectively. After CPO, the maximum and average CP of the hip decreased, as did the average CP of the lumbar discs. The maximum and average compressive stress of the acetabulum decreased to 3.79 MPa and 2.3 MPa, respectively, and the average compressive stress of the five intervertebral discs decreased to 1.96 MPa, 0.79 MPa, 0.78 MPa, 1.13 MPa, and 3.14 MPa, respectively.
Conclusion
Our finite element analysis indicated that CPO effectively normalizes hip contact pressure while reducing lumbar disc contact pressure. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the specific biomechanical mechanisms underlying these changes.
Graph Neural Networks and a temperature based pruning technique
Authors: Lapenna Michela , Faglioni Francesco , Fioresi Rita , Bruno Giovanni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We study the dynamics of the weights of a Graph Neural Network layer during training and we employ the concept of neural network temperature to prune unimportantinput features. We give a theoretical understanding of the results and make comparisons with similar experiments on Convolutional Neural Networks.
Assessing the Clinical Support Capabilities of ChatGPT-4o and ChatGPT-4o Mini in Managing Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Wang Suning , Wang Ying , Jiang Linlin , Chang Yong , zhang Shiji , Zhao Kun , Chen Lu , Gao Chunzheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated and compared the clinical support capabilities of ChatGPT-4.0 and ChatGPT-4.0-mini in diagnosing and treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with radiculopathy.
Methods: Twenty-one questions (across 5 categories) from NASS Clinical Guidelines were input into ChatGPT-4.0 and ChatGPT-4.0-mini. Five orthopedic surgeons assessed their responses using a 5-point Likert scale for accuracy and completeness, and a 7-point scale for safety. Flesch Reading Ease scores were calculated to assess readability. Additionally, ChatGPT-4.0 analyzed lumbar images from 53 patients, comparing its recognizable agreement with orthopedic surgeons using Kappa values.
Results: Both models demonstrated strong clinical support capabilities with no significant differences in accuracy or safety. However, ChatGPT-4.0 provided more comprehensive and consistent responses. The Flesch Reading Ease scores for both models indicated that their generated content was “very difficult to read,” potentially limiting patient accessibility. In evaluating lumbar disc herniation images, ChatGPT-4.0 achieved an overall accuracy of 0.81, with LDH recognition precision, recall, and F1 scores exceeding 0.80. The AUC was 0.80, and the Kappa value was 0.61, indicating moderate agreement between the model's predictions and actual diagnoses, though with room for improvement.
Conclusion: While both models are effective, ChatGPT-4.0 offers more comprehensive clinical responses, making it more suitable for high-integrity medical tasks. However, the difficulty in reading AI-generated content and occasional use of misleading terms, such as “tumor,” indicate a need for further improvements to reduce patient anxiety.
Perceptions and Acceptance of herbal medicine Utilization among The Egyptian Population during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: El-Hosari Doaa G. , Elgendy Marwa O. , Elgendy Sara O. , Abdelrahim Mohamed E.A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Medicinal plants provide a wide range of health benefits, including strong antiviral effects. Additionally, many herbal treatments are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and their ability to boost the immune system, making them a valuable preventive option against viral infections. This study aimed to evaluate public awareness, attitudes, and practices regarding herbal medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through an online survey conducted from April 2021 to May 2023 in Egypt, with participants from across the country. The survey was divided into three main sections to assess beliefs and attitudes towards herbal medicine. The first section looked into participants' experiences with coronavirus infection, the second examined health beliefs related to coronavirus and herbal medicine, and the third evaluated general knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding herbal medicine. A total of 910 participants took part, with 60.7% expressing satisfaction with the results of using herbal medicines, and 49.5% reported using herbal medicine during their coronavirus infection. The median knowledge score about herbal medicine in this survey was 8 out of 10. Overall, the study revealed that participants had a good understanding of herbal medicine, held positive attitudes towards it, and were open to its use.
Creating a sense of place when implementing a new emergency department in Denmark: A qualitative study
Authors: Kirk Jeanette Wassar , Nilsen Per , Andersen Ove , Stefánsdóttir Nina Thórný , Lindstrøm Mette Bendtz , Powell Byron J. , Tjørnhøj-Thomsen Tine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Physical locations play an essential yet often overlooked role in healthcare implementation processes. Implementation Science frameworks such as the Theoretical Domains Framework, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, and the Implementation in Context framework acknowledge the importance of the physical environment, but they often treat it as a passive backdrop for change. However, from a cultural geographic perspective, spaces and places are dynamic, influencing behavior, social structures, and the acceptance of new practices. This study aims to explore how managers and staff develop a sense of place in a new emergency department (ED) and how these spatial dynamics influence the implementation process.
Methods
This study used a multi-sited ethnographic design, tracking the implementation process across multiple hospital locations from 2019 to 2023. Fieldwork was conducted in settings such as management meetings, micro-simulation training, and tours of the new ED construction site. A total of 53 participants, including managers, nurses, and physicians from 12 specialized departments, were purposively selected. Data were collected through ethnographic field notes (750 single-spaced pages) and semi-structured interviews averaging 39 minutes. Analysis was guided by situational analysis and cultural geography, integrating human and nonhuman elements. A deductive approach was used, applying a coding system to identify key themes related to spaces, places, traces, and sense of place.
Results
Five themes emerged regarding the development of a sense of place: (1) comfort, influenced by physical elements such as daylight and indoor climate; (2) spatial organization, affecting collaboration, workflow, and professional identity; (3) familiarity, highlighting cultural practices and equipment in fostering belonging; (4) time, where construction delays enabled deeper emotional engagement; and (5) involvement, showing that initial criticism transformed into stronger ownership through increased engagement.
Conclusion
This study highlights the importance of a sense of place during pre-implementation of new physical locations in healthcare. Factors such as comfort, spatial organization, familiarity, time, and involvement are key to participants’ development of a strong sense of place in the new ED. These insights are crucial for designing implementation processes that address both physical and emotional needs, influencing outcomes such as acceptability, adoption, and sustainability.
Research on the material basis and anti-influenza mechanism of Jingyin granules
Authors: Jiang Meifang , Liu Xinjuan , Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Dandan , Zhang Tong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, due to the high incidence of viral influenza, anti-inflammatory and antiviral drugs have gradually attracted widespread attention. Jingyin granules (JYG) is a Chinese medicine preparation composed of 9 herbs, which is a commonly used for respiratory diseases and played an important role in anti-COVID-19, but its complex chemical composition hindered its recognition for clinical application.
Methods: In this study, we used LC-MS and GC-MS techniques combined with database analysis to obtain the main components of JYG. Then, we predicted the influenza pathways and targets of JYG by Network pharmacology. Finally, zebrafish and 16 HBE cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were used to verify the anti-inflammatory effects.
Results: We identified 50 chemical components from JYG aqueous extract, 4 of which were volatile oil (JJVO). Network pharmacology predicted that JYG mainly exerted anti-inflammatory effects on interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Both JYG and JJVO can effectively inhibit the activation of LPS-stimulated centriocytes in zebrafish and reduce the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α factors. 16 HBE cells assay showed that JYG and JJVO could reduce the mRNA and proteins expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, which was consistent with the results of zebrafish experiments.
Conclusions: JYG identified 50 components that targeted anti-inflammatory effects, Both JYG and JJOV could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α.