bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and outcomes: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a home‐based integrated physical exercise and bladder‐training program vs usual care for community‐dwelling older women with urinary incontinence
Authors: Chu Christine M. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Khanijow Kavita , Stambakio Hanna , Newman Diane K. , Arya Lily A. , Andy Uduak U. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of a home‐based integrated physical exercise and bladder‐training program vs usual care in community‐dwelling women with urinary incontinence (UI).MethodsWe conducted a parallel arm, nonblinded, pilot randomized controlled trial of a home‐based integrated physical exercise and bladder training with urge suppression and fall prevention program (ExerciseUP) vs usual care in women aged 65 and older with UI. Outcomes included feasibility (process, resources, management, and acceptability), urinary symptoms, and falls risk using self‐administered questionnaires. Objective physical activity was measured using accelerometry.ResultsA total of 37 of 38 (97%) eligible women were willing to participate in the study. In the ExerciseUP intervention cohort, 17 of 19 (89%) women completed all 6 weeks of intervention and follow‐up, and 16 of 18 (89%) women in the usual group completed follow‐up. Ten (53%) women in the ExerciseUP group achieved at least 70% adherence to exercise prescription. The improvement in UI severity scores from baseline was greater in the ExerciseUP intervention group than the usual care group (− 6.2 ± 5.8 vs − 2.4 ± 4.2, P = 0.04). Fall‐risk score decreased (improved) in both groups. There were no significant between‐group differences in change in physical activity or sedentary behavior.ConclusionsWe determined that it would be feasible to conduct a home‐based exercise intervention in older women with UI. Our clinical outcomes were modestly favorable for the ExerciseUP intervention group.
Individual Differences in Behavioral Responses to Palatable Food or to Cholecystokinin Predict Subsequent Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Wald Hallie S. , Grill Harvey J. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveThis study investigated whether individual differences in behavioral responses to palatable food and to the satiation signal cholecystokinin (CCK) in outbred chow‐maintained Sprague‐Dawley rats enabled prediction of individual differences in weight gained after subsequent high‐fat/high‐sugar diet (HFHSD) maintenance.MethodsMeal size, meal number, and early dark cycle intake during initial HFHSD exposure were measured, as were early dark cycle sucrose solution and chow intake, chow meal size and meal number, the intake‐suppressive effects of 0.5‐µg/kg CCK injection, and CCK‐induced c‐Fos activation in the nucleus tractus solitarius. Subsequently, rats were maintained on an HFHSD for 5 weeks, and weight gain was determined.ResultsRats that took larger and less frequent meals on the first day of HFHSD exposure, whose early dark cycle intake (HFHSD and sucrose) was larger during initial HFHSD exposure, gained more weight after HFHSD maintenance. Rats with lesser sucrose intake suppression in response to CCK gained more weight after HFHSD maintenance and displayed reduced CCK‐induced c‐Fos activation in the nucleus tractus solitarius.ConclusionsTogether, these data identify individual differences in behavioral responses to palatable food and to CCK as novel predictors of diet‐induced obesity.
Evaluating the Effects of Universal Place‐Based Scholarships on Student Outcomes: The Buffalo “Say Yes to Education” Program
Authors: Bifulco Robert , Rubenstein Ross , Sohn Hosung 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA growing number of cities and states have been providing large tuition subsidies for residents through initiatives often called “place‐based” or “Promise” scholarship programs. We examine the effects of a prominent last‐dollar, place‐based scholarship program, Say Yes to Education in Buffalo, NY, on college matriculation and persistence. Employing a difference‐in‐differences strategy comparing changes across cohorts of students eligible and ineligible for large college scholarships, we find that scholarship eligibility is associated with an increase of 20 percent in the likelihood of matriculating into college within one year of graduation, and an increase in the likelihood of persistence into a second year of college of nearly 16 percent. Increases in matriculation are largely at four‐year institutions, where most of the additional funding from Say Yes is concentrated, exclusively at in‐state institutions, both public and private, and are largest at colleges with more selective admission rates. Finally, we see the largest increases in matriculation and persistence among students who attend high schools in the middle third of the poverty distribution. These results suggest that the additional aid provided by Say Yes plays an important role in increasing college matriculation and encouraging students to attend more selective schools.
Termination of pregnancy for fetal anomalies: Parents' preferences for psychosocial care
Authors: Dekkers Frederike H.W. , Go Attie T.J.I. , Stapersma Luuk , Eggink Alex J. , Utens Elisabeth M.W.J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate, from the perspective of women and partners, at what stage of a termination of pregnancy (TOP) for fetal anomalies psychosocial care (PSC) is most meaningful, what topics should be discussed, and who should provide PSC.MethodA cross‐sectional retrospective cohort study was conducted with a consecutive series of 76 women and 36 partners, who completed a semi‐structured online questionnaire.ResultsOverall, women expressed a greater need for PSC than their partners. Parents expressed a preference for receiving support from a maternal‐fetal medicine specialist to help them understand the severity and consequences of the anomalies found and to counsel them in their decision regarding termination. Parents showed a preference for support from mental healthcare providers to help with their emotional responses. Forty‐one percent of the women visited a psychosocial professional outside of the hospital after the TOP, indicating a clear need for a well‐organised aftercare.ConclusionDifferent disciplines should work together in a complementary way during the diagnosis, decision making, TOP, and aftercare stages. Parents' need for PSC should be discussed at the beginning of the process. During aftercare, attention should be paid to grief counselling, acknowledgement of the lost baby's existence, and possible future pregnancies.
Impact of heat‐light soaking and heat‐bias soaking on NaF‐treated CIGS thin film solar cells
Authors: Matsuura Junpei , Khatri Ishwor , Lin Tzu‐Ying , Sugiyama Mutsumi , Nakada Tokio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe effects of heat‐light soaking (HLS) and heat‐bias soaking (HBS) were investigated on NaF‐treated Cu (In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells. The HLS improved the cell efficiency with increased open‐circuit voltage (VOC) for NaF‐treated CIGS solar cells, whereas the short‐circuit current density (JSC) slightly decreased. The reduced JSC was caused by the significantly high carrier concentration due to the HLS, leading to a fairly narrow space charge region. However, the reduced JSC could be successfully recovered by the subsequent moderate heat soaking (HS) in the dark, thereby improving cell efficiency. On the other hand, no beneficial effect was observed for NaF‐free solar cells. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements revealed that the Na and K ions increased especially near the CIGS surface region after the HLS process. This result suggests that these ions were shifted by the photo‐induced electric field. The thermally and electrically activated alkali ions may eliminate the donor‐like defects in CIGS absorber, resulting in an increased acceptor concentration. Furthermore, we found that an external forward bias without light irradiation (HBS) resulted in the same effect as HLS. Based on these results, a possible mechanism of HLS and HBS effects was proposed on NaF‐treated CIGS solar cells.
Plasma techniques in the production of customized MEMS‐applications
Authors: Bittner Achim , Hochstein David , Rockstroh Jan , Dehnert Jan , Hedrich Frank , Billat Sophie , Dehé Alfons 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMicro electromechanical systems (MEMS) have found their way into many kinds of applications. Especially sensors are daily used by each of us in products like cars and smartphones. The focus of Hahn‐Schickard is the development and the production of highly specialized MEMS products, ones that especially enable small companies the access to MEMS technology. The portfolio includes specific inertial sensors like gyroscopes for navigation and safety, acceleration sensors for crash‐test dummies, microfluidic devices for biological, and medical applications, and so on. All of these devices are manufactured in the institute's cleanroom in volumes ranging from single devices up to hundreds of thousands of chips. In this article, the multitude of application scenarios will be demonstrated by way of diverse MEMS components.
Differential expression of androgen receptor variants in hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer xenografts, castration‐resistant sublines, and patient specimens according to the treatment sequence
Authors: Honda Mariko , Kimura Takahiro , Kamata Yuko , Tashiro Kojiro , Kimura Shoji , Koike Yusuke , Sato Shun , Yorozu Takashi , Furusato Bungo , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Kiyota Hiroshi , Egawa Shin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAndrogen receptor variants (AR‐vs), especially AR‐v7 and AR‐v 5, 6, and 7 exon‐skipped (AR‐v567es), are reportedly key players in the development of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We previously established a mouse xenograft model (JDCaP) from a metastatic skin lesion from a Japanese patient with CRPC and that was revealed to exhibit androgen sensitivity. In the present study, we established multiple castration‐resistant xenograft models from JDCaP mice to investigate the biological features of CRPC.MethodsTissue from JDCaP mice was transplanted into male and female nude mice, and after serial passaging, castration‐resistant sublines (JDCaP‐CR2M and JDCaP‐CR4M in male mice, JDCaP‐CR2F and JDCaP‐CR4F in female mice) were established. We investigated anti‐androgen and testosterone sensitivity and the messenger RNA expression pattern of full‐length AR and AR‐vs. In addition, we compared AR protein levels of patient specimens among primary, local‐recurrent, and two skin‐metastatic tumors.ResultsAll JDCaP‐CR sublines showed continuous growth following the administration of bicalutamide, although the effects of testosterone varied among sublines. Parental JDCaP and JDCaP‐CR2M, JDCaP‐CR4M, and JDCaP‐CR4F sublines expressed AR‐v7, whereas JDCaP‐CR2F exhibited elevated AR‐v567es expression resulting from genomic deletion, which was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Moreover, we confirmed AR‐v7 expression in the tumor of the original patient after androgen‐deprivation therapy.ConclusionsEach JDCaP‐CR subline showed different AR‐v‐expression patterns, with JDCaP‐CR2F expressing AR‐v567es due to genomic deletion. Our results indicated that AR‐vs emerged after androgen‐deprivation therapy and appeared essential for acquisition of castration resistance.
Oriented Attachment of Perovskite Cesium Lead Bromide Nanocrystals
Authors: Bhaumik Saikat 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAll‐inorganic cesium lead halide (CsPbX3; X=Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been appeared as a promising material for various opto‐electronic applications. These perovskite NCs show high absorption co‐efficient, high photoluminescence quantum yield (upto 90%), narrow photoluminescence full width half maxima, color tunable over entire visible range (400‐700 nm) and more stable compared to bulk counterparts. The photo‐physical properties of these NCs strongly depend on the interaction between the outermost atoms and corresponding surface bound organic passivating ligands. Some capping ligands are loosely connected to the perovskite NCs surface and can separate out very easily in presence of polar solvents. Our experimental observations reveal that in present of polar solvents CsPbBr3 NCs agglomerate among themselves via oriented attachment process and create big crystals by an Ostwald ripening process. While highly concentrated spherical CsPbBr3 NCs purified with excess acetonitrile, most of the NCs tends to attach and fuse together in (110) crystal plane to form micrometer sized nanorods. As far as I know, this is the first report on formation of micrometer sized 1‐D CsPbBr3 nanorods from spherical NCs via oriented attachment process at room temperature.
A Facile Direct Synthesis of 3‐Methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones by Annulation of Methyl 2‐Acylbenzoates with Amines
Authors: Dai Xing‐Jie , Liu Min , Zhang Jia‐Yan , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Yuan Wei‐Cheng , Zhang Xiao‐Mei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA wide variety of 3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones have been prepared by annulation of methyl 2‐acylbenzoates with amines or ammonium acetate. The reactions proceeded smoothly to afford the desired products in up to quantitative yields.
Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Resolution of Tyrosine with Ascorbic Acid through the Development of Electropolymerized Alizarin Sodium Sulfonate Modified Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrodes
Authors: Hareesha N. , Manjunatha J. G. , Raril C. , Tigari Girish 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn approachable and a selective electrocatalytic investigation of tyrosine (TR) with ascorbic acid (AA) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was done using a sensitive Poly Alizarin sodium sulfonate modified Carbon nanotube paste electrode (PASSMCNTPE). The morphological and elemental studies on PASSMCNTPE and bare carbon nanotube paste electrode (BCNTPE) were resolute through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The PASSMCNTPE shows excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, repeatability, and reproducibility for the electrochemical characterization of TR through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The prepared sensor provides an elevated current response towards TR as compared to the BCNTPE. A plot of the anodic peak current of TR and the concentration of TR was obtained linearly in the range 1.4×10−4 M to 2×10−4 M with the limit of detection (LOD) 7.8×10−7 M and the limit of quantification (LOQ) 26×10−7 M respectively. The equipped sensor was also helpful for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of TR moiety in a pharmaceutical drug as a real sample.
Building Carbon‐Based Versatile Scaffolds on the Electrode Surface to Boost Capacitive Performance for Fiber Pseudocapacitors
Authors: Liang Jiachen , Li Huifang , Li Huan , Dong Ximan , Zheng Xiaoyu , Tao Ying , Weng Zhe , Huang Zheng‐Hong , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn order to fabricate high performance fiber pseudocapacitors, the trade‐off between high mass loading and high utilization efficiency of pseudocapacitive materials should be carefully addressed. Here, a solution that is to construct a carbon‐based versatile scaffold is reported for loading pseudocapacitive materials on carbonaceous fibers. The scaffold can be easily built by conformally coating commercial pen ink on the fibers without any destruction to the fiber skeleton. Due to the high electrical conductivity and abundant macropore structure, it can provide sufficient loading room and a high ion/electron conductive network for pseudocapacitive materials. Therefore, their loading mass and utilization efficiency can be increased simultaneously, and thus the as‐designed fibrous electrode displays a high areal capacitance of 649 mF cm−2 (or 122 mF cm−1 based on length), which is higher than most of the reported fiber pseudocapacitors. The simple and low‐cost strategy opens up a new way to prepare high performance portable/wearable energy storage devices.
Architecting a portfolio of systems
Authors: Maier Mark W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA “portfolio‐of‐systems” is a collection of systems related by common management and budgeting, and at least some relationship to mission or missions. A portfolio‐of‐systems describes the not uncommon situation where an office is responsible for multiple systems in multiple phases of development but those systems are not related by common design, common manufacturing, or necessarily interconnected operationally. The relationship is fundamentally one of management, although other linkages might be present or designed if such additional linkages are deemed beneficial. The portfolio‐of‐systems concept differs from systems‐of‐systems and product‐line or family‐of‐systems constructs. This paper describes generalizations of architecting techniques for portfolio situations, particularly recognizing the presence of many largely independent components in multiple stages of development with an ongoing or episodic process. The paper presents two case studies of actual portfolios: One a portfolio of operational demonstration systems and the other a portfolio of weather satellites.
Radiative lifetime measurements of metastable levels in Kr3+ using electrostatic ion beam trap
Authors: Saito M. , Kubota H. , Majima T. , Imai M. , Tsuchida H. , Haruyama Y. 
Published: April 2019

The radiative lifetimes of the metastable 4s24p3 2P3/2 and 2P1/2 levels in Kr3+ ions were measured using an electrostatic ion beam trap. The lifetimes were determined by measuring the number of photons emitted during the 2P3/2 → 4S3/2 and 2P1/2 → 4S3/2 forbidden transitions of the stored Kr3+ ions, as a function of the storage time. The obtained lifetime values for the 2P3/2 and 2P1/2 states were 23.3 ± 1.4 and 52.8 ± 3.8 ms, respectively. For the 2P3/2 state, this is the first experimental investigation of the radiative lifetime. Considering the experimental errors, the obtained lifetimes are consistent with the previously reported theoretical predictions for each state and the experimental result for the 2P1/2 state.
Quantitative determination of macroelement and microelement content of fresh and processed bamboo shoots by wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
Authors: Bajwa Harjit Kaur , Santosh Oinam , Koul Ashwani , Bisht M.S. , Nirmala Chongtham 
Published: April 2019

Bamboo shoots are considered as healthy and nutritional food as they supply proteins, dietary fiber, phenols, phytosterols, vitamins, and minerals in considerable quantities and capture a novel place in the spectrum of plant foods. Besides nutrients and bioactive compounds, shoots also contain antinutrient (cyanogen) that needs to be removed by adequate processing prior to consumption. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of fermentation, brine preservation, and boiling on levels of mineral elements in shoots of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii using wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (WD‐XRF) spectrometry. WD‐XRF spectrometry is a method that causes the least destruction to the raw plant material as no harsh chemicals are used and gives the most accurate results. Fermentation process resulted in significant increase in the levels of Rb (9%), S (11%), Mg (12%), Zn (46%), Ca (56%), and Fe (87%); however, Na (18.79 g/100 g, dry weight), Cl (24.73 g/100 g, dry weight), and Br (20.0 mg/100 g, dry weight) content increased drastically after brine preservation. Boiling increased the levels of Fe by 139% but did not affect the Rb (20.0 mg/100 g, dry weight) and Zn content (10.2 mg/100 g, dry weight) of the shoots. In general, fermentation, which led to the lowest loss of mineral elements, appears the best method in enhancement and retention of the mineral content in bamboo shoots and holds the prospect at industrial and society levels.
Review of highly charged ion production with ECR ion source and the future opportunities for HCI physics
Authors: Sun L. , Zhao H.W. , Lu W. , Guo J.W. , Yang Y. , Jia H. , Lu L. , Wu W. 
Published: April 2019

In recent years, there is very intense worldwide research and development work on electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS). Remarkable progress represented by the third generation superconducting ECRIS has been made with regards of intense highly charged ion beam production such as >600 eμA Ar16+, >10 eμA Ar18+, and hundreds of enA He‐like Kr34+. A low energy heavy ion platform named Low Energy heavy ion Accelerator Facility (LEAF) that features a next generation 45 GHz ECRIS, a 300 kV high voltage platform, a 0.5 MeV/u radio‐frequency quadrupole, and several multidisciplinary experimental terminals is under construction at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). This paper will report on the recent progress with ECRIS dedicated to highly charged ions and the status of LEAF at IMP that will provide new opportunities for highly charged ion physics in the near future.
Activity budget and spatial distribution of Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) in open versus closed exhibit designs
Authors: Beaudin‐Judd Julie , Weladji Robert B. , Lazure Louis , Paré Patrick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAlthough many studies investigating the impacts of zoo exhibit designs on captive animals exist, none have been performed on how they influence the behavior and welfare of captive Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus). Here, we assess the impact of exhibit design on the activity budget and spatial distribution of Bennett's wallabies. We compared animal behavior in two open exhibits (i.e. physical interaction between animals and visitors permitted) to two closed exhibits (i.e. physical interaction between animals and visitors prohibited). Behavioral data were collected using focal sampling, and spatial distribution was recorded on exhibit maps at regular time intervals. We found a significant increase in feeding and interactive behaviors in closed exhibits in comparison to open exhibits. However, other behaviors such as resting, locomotion, and vigilance did not vary with design. Functional use of space was similar between both designs; however, the effect of habituation may be relevant to consider in future studies. Although some support for visitor effects were present, our study provided no evidence for strong impacts of exhibit design on Bennett's wallaby welfare. Our study emphasizes the need for additional research into the impacts of how zoo environments affect Bennett's wallaby behavior and welfare.
A structural test for the conformal invariance of the critical 3d Ising model
Authors: Meneses Simão , Penedones João , Rychkov Slava , Viana Parente Lopes J. M. , Yvernay Pierre 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
How can a renormalization group fixed point be scale invariant without being conformal? Polchinski (1988) showed that this may happen if the theory contains a virial current — a non-conserved vector operator of dimension exactly (d − 1), whose divergence expresses the trace of the stress tensor. We point out that this scenario can be probed via lattice Monte Carlo simulations, using the critical 3d Ising model as an example. Our results put a lower bound Δ
V
> 5.0 on the scaling dimension of the lowest virial current candidate V, well above 2 expected for the true virial current. This implies that the critical 3d Ising model has no virial current, providing a structural explanation for the conformal invariance of the model.