bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DE Bursaphelenchus cocophilus POR RIZOBACTÉRIAS E Trichoderma spp.
Authors: Silva Carina Melo da , Pinheiro Cássia Cristina Chaves , Sousa Ieda Alana Leite de , Lins Paulo Manoel Ponte , Silva Gisele Barata da , Carvalho Eudes de Arruda 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de rizobactérias e Trichoderma spp. no controle biológico de Bursaphelenchus cocophilus. Foram avaliados 19 isolados de Pseudomonas spp. (P), 29 de Bacillus spp. (B) e 27 de Trichoderma spp. (T), obtidos de plantio comercial. Os isolados foram caracterizados quanto a produção de compostos bioquímicos. Foi avaliada a taxa de mortalidade de B. cocophilus in vitro e in vivo, neste último realizou-se também a quantificação das enzimas relacionadas à patogênese. Os isolados B14 e P41 proporcionaram 69% e 56% de taxa de mortalidade de nematoides, respectivamente e foram tanto proteolíticos como solubilizadores de fosfato. Os isolados T41 e T54 apresentaram 96% de mortalidade de B. cocophilus in vitro e foram produtores de quitinases, protease e sideróforos. No experimento in vivo, os isolados de rizobactérias B14, B23 e P23 promoveram maior taxa de mortalidade do B. cocophilus do que os demais tratamentos. As mudas de coqueiro inoculadas com o B. cocophilus apresentaram aumento nas atividades das enzimas peroxidases, quitinase e β-1,3-glucanases, quando comparadas com a testemunha (mudas não inoculadas). Os isolados B41, P14, T41 e T54 apresentaram-se como potenciais agentes de controle biológico do B. cocophilus.Palavras-chave: anel vermelho, antagonismo, nematoid. BIOLOGIC CONTROL OF Bursaphelenchus cocophilus WITH RHIZOBACTERIA AND Trichoderma isolates ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of rhizobacteria Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. isolates on the biological control of the nematode Bursaphelenchus cocophilus. The potential biological control isolates (48 rhizobacteria and 27 Trichoderma spp.) were characterized biochemically. The biological control experiments were carried out "in vitro" and "in vivo", and in the later one, the mortality rate of the nematodes and the pathogenesis related enzymes were evaluated. Rhizobacterial isolates B14 and P41 provided a high nematode mortality rate (69% and 56%, respectively) and both were proteolytic and phosphate solubilizers. In the "in vivo" experiment, rhizobacterial isolates B14, B23 and P23 tested the highest mortality rates of B. cocophilus than the isolates of Trichoderma spp. and of the control as coconut saplings challenged with B. cocophilus showed indices higher in enzyme activities, peroxidases, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanases when compared to witness (seedling not inoculated). The isolates B41, P14, T41 and T54 were presented as potential biological control agents of B. cocophilus.Keywords: red ring, antagonism, nematode.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DA COLHEITA FLORESTAL EM REGIME DE MANEJO DE ALTO FUSTE E TALHADIA
Authors: Alves Estevão Giacomin , Fiedler Nilton Cesar , Gonçalves Elzimar Oliveira , Berude Leandro Christo 
Published: July 2018

No setor florestal é muito comum a discussão que a colheita em regime de manejo de talhadia proporciona menor produtividade das máquinas que no regime de alto fuste. Porém, os trabalhos na literatura são muito escassos para comprovar tal afirmação. Objetivou-se no presente trabalho realizar uma análise comparativa da colheita florestal mecanizada em área de regime de manejo de alto fuste e talhadia, analisando os parâmetros técnicos do harvester (colhedor florestal). A pesquisa foi realizada em áreas de colheita de eucalipto, no município de Aracruz, Espírito Santo. Foram avaliados dois tratamentos, sendo eles: talhadia e alto fuste. Utilizou-se quatro máquinas do mesmo modelo, com os mesmos operadores, durante quatro dias de trabalho em cada tratamento, sempre no primeiro turno, totalizando 16 repetições em cada tratamento. A comparação das médias foi feita utilizando o teste t, em nível de 95% de probabilidade. Não observou-se diferença significativa entre a produtividade da máquina em regime de manejo de talhadia e alto fuste. Entretanto, o número de quedas de corrente para a colheita em talhadia foi 1,59 vezes maior e estatisticamente significativo.Palavras-chave: rebrota, corte florestal, reforma, eucalipto. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FOREST HARVESTING OF TALL TREES REGIME AND COPPICE ABSTRACT:In forestry companies, it is common the discussion that in coppice harvesting occurs losses in machine productivity, although the works in the literature are very scarce to prove such a claim. The objective of this work was to perform a comparative analysis of mechanized forest harvesting in the area of tall trees and coppice management regime, analyzing the technical parameters of the forest harvester. The research was conducted in eucalyptus cutting areas in the county of Aracruz, Espirito Santo. Two treatments were evaluated, namely: coppice and tall trees. Four machines of the same model were used, with the same operators, for four working days in each treatment, always in the first shift, in a total of 16 repetitions for each treatment. The comparison of means was performed using the t test, at a 5% level of probability. No difference was observed between the productivity of the machine in coppice management regime and tall trees, however, the number of chain falls for coppice harvesting was statistically significant (1.59 times higher).Keywords: regrowth, forestry, reforestation, eucalyptus.
ASPECTOS BIOMÉTRICOS E MORFOLÓGICOS DE FRUTOS E SEMENTES DE Schinopsis brasiliensis
Authors: Santos Jania Claudia Camilo dos , Silva Dayane Mércia Ribeiro , Costa Renato Nunes , Da Silva Carlos Humberto , Santos Wilton da Silva , Moura Flávia de Barros Prado , Silva José Vieira 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biometria e morfologia de S. brasiliensis, visando identificar características que auxiliem no uso e propagação dessa espécie da Caatinga em programa de restauração ambiental. Os dados biométricos foram obtidos a partir de 1000 frutos e 1000 sementes. Foram medidos o comprimento, largura, espessura e massa de frutos e sementes. Os dados foram ajustados utilizando a estatística descritiva e teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Para a descrição morfológica dos frutos, foram relatadas observações sobre os aspectos externos e internos do pericarpo, consistência da casca, coloração, brilho, forma e deiscência. Já as descrições morfológicas externa das sementes foram feitas observações sobre consistência, coloração, textura, forma e hilo. A caracterização biométrica de frutos e sementes de S. brasiliensis, possibilitou verificar a variação existente entre as classes biométricas através de histograma de frequência. Os frutos apresentam morfologia completa, em forma de sâmara, indeiscente e monospérmico. As sementes foram caracterizadas em oblongas e reniformes, envolvidas pelo endocarpo, resultando no pirênio, sendo esta a camada que dificulta o processo de embebição de água, a qual antecede a germinação, no entanto, esta camada é capaz de promover maior longevidade as sementes.Palavras-chave: análises biométricas, características morfológicas, sementes florestais, Caatinga. BIOMETRIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE FRUITS AND SEEDS OF SCHINOPSIS BRASILIENSIS ABSTRACT:The objective of this work was to evaluate the biometry and morphology of S. brasiliensis, aiming to identify traits that help in the use and propagation of this Caatinga species in an environmental restoration program. Biometric data were obtained from 1000 fruits and 1000 seeds. The length, width, thickness and mass of fruits and seeds were measured. Data were adjusted using descriptive statistics and Shapiro-Wilk test. For the fruits morphological description, observations on the external and internal traits of the pericarp, peel consistency, coloration, brightness, shape and dehiscence were reported. Already the external morphological descriptions of the seeds were made on consistency, color, texture, shape and thread. The biometric characterization of fruits and seeds of S. brasiliensis made it possible to verify the variation between the biometric classes through frequency histogram. The fruits presented complete morphology, in the form of a samara, indiscriminate and monospermic. The seeds were characterized in oblong and reniform, surrounded by the endocarp, resulting in the pyrenium, which is the layer that hinders the process of water imbibition, which precedes the germination, however this layer is able to promote greater longevity of the seeds.Keywords: biometric analyzes, morphological traits, forest seeds, Caatinga.
DESEMPENHO TÉCNICO E ECONÔMICO DE DISTINTOS MODELOS DE FORWARDERS
Authors: Santos Diego Weslly Ferreira do Nascimento , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Magalhães Valente Domingos Sárvio , Gomes Bruno Meira , Dadalto Juliana Pinheiro , Leite Elton da Silva 
Published: July 2018

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho analisar técnica e economicamente dois modelos de forwarder na extração de toras de eucalipto. O trabalho foi realizado na região Sul do estado da Bahia. A análise técnica compreendeu ao estudo de tempos e movimentos, produtividade, disponibilidade mecânica e eficiência operacional. Já a análise econômica baseou-se na determinação do custo operacional e de extração. Os resultados de tempos e movimentos e produtividades das máquinas foram submetidos a análise estatística. O tempo total e os elementos carregamento, deslocamento com carga e descarregamento do modelo elephant são estaticamente superior ao tempo total e aos mesmos elementos do modelo buffaloking. O forwarder modelo elephant apresentou uma produtividade média de 44,16 m³ he-1, sendo esse valor estaticamente superior aos 39,40 m³ he-1 apresentado pelo modelo buffaloking. O maior custo operacional e de produção foram calculados para o modelo buffaloking. O modelo elephant demonstra-se mais eficiente na extração de madeira.Palavras-chave: colheita florestal, desempenho operacional, extração. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERRENT FORWARDER MODELS ABSTRACT:The objective of this study is to analyze technically and economically two models of forwarder in Eucalyptus logs extraction. The study was conducted in the southern region of Bahia. Technical analysis includes the study of time and motion, productivity, mechanical availability and operational efficiency. Already the economic analysis was based on the determination of the operating cost and extraction. The results of motion and time and productivity of the machines were subjected to statistical analysis. The total time and the elements: load, displacement load and unload the elephant model are statistically higher than the total time and the same elements of buffaloking model. The forwarder elephant model showed an average yield of 44.16 m³ he-1, and this value statically superior to 39.40 m³ he-1 presented by buffaloking model. The biggest operational cost and production were calculated for the model buffaloking. The elephant model shows to be more efficient in wood extraction.Keywords: forest harvesting, operational performance, extraction.
POTENTIAL USAGE OF THE URBAN PRUNING RESIDUE FOR PRODUCTION OF WOOD BASED PANELS
Authors: Palharini Kelly Maria , Guimarães Junior José Benedito , Faria Douglas Lamounier , Mendes Rafael Farinassi , Protásio Thiago de Paula , Mendes Lourival Marin 
Published: July 2018

POTENCIAL DE APROVEITAMENTO DO RESÍDUO DA DESRAMA URBANA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE PAINÉIS AGLOMERADOS O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o potencial de utilização do resíduo da poda urbana das madeiras de Licania tomentosa, Schinus molle e Tibouchina granulosa para produção de painéis aglomerados. Os materiais foram coletados na cidade de Jataí, Goiás, Brasil. Avaliou-se a densidade básica e análise química destes materiais. Posteriormente foram produzidos 3 painéis aglomerados de cada espécie estudada. A densidade nominal destes painéis foi de 0,60g/cm³, dimensões de 25 x 25 x 1,5cm. O adesivo utilizado foi a uréia formaldeído a 8% com base no seu teor de sólidos resinosos. O ciclo de prensagem utilizado foi de pressão nominal de 4,0 MPa, temperatura de 160° C e tempo de 15 minutos. Avaliou-se as propriedades de absorção e inchamento em espessura após 2 e 24 horas de imersão em água, densidade aparente, tração perpendicular e flexão estática. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com utilização do teste de médias de Scott-Knott a 5% de significância. Pode-se concluir que os materiais utilizados para produção dos painéis apresentaram características de densidade básica e análise química adequada para a produção de painéis aglomerados. O resíduo que apresentou maior potencial de ser utilizado para produção de chapas aglomeradas foi a espécie Schinus molle.Keywords: Schinus molle, Licania tomentosa, chapas de madeira. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper was to verify the utilization potential of urban pruning residue from the woods of Licania tomentosa, Schinus molle and Tibouchina granulosa for the production of wood based panels. The materials were collected from the city of Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. The basic density and chemical analyses of these materials were evaluated. Subsequently, 3 wood based panels of each studied species were produced. The nominal density of these panels was of 0.60g/cm³, dimensions of 25 x 25 x 1.5 cm. The adhesive used was urea formaldehyde at 8% based on its content of resinous solids. The pressing cycle used will be of nominal pressure of 4.0 MPa, temperature of 160 °C and time of 15 minutes. The absorption and thickness swelling properties after 2 and 24 hours of immersion in water, apparent density, perpendicular traction and flexural strength were evaluation. The design used was entirely randomized, using the Scott-Knott average test at 5% significance. It may be concluded that the materials used for production of the panels presented basic density and proper chemical analysis characteristics for the production of wood based panels. The residue which presented greatest potential of usage for production of wood based boards was the species Schinus molle.Palavras-chave: Schinus molle, Licania tomentosa, wood boards.
EFFECT OF GREEN TEA POWDER AS AN ALTERNATIVE OF ANTIBIOTIC ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, MEAT QUALITY AND BLOOD LIPID PROFILE OF BROILER
Authors: Rahman M. M. , Hossain M. S. , Abid M. H. , Nabi M. R. , Hamid M. A. 
Published: July 2018

A study was conducted with green tea powder to evaluate the effect on broiler growth, meat quality and the development of internal organ. The broiler growth, meat quality and the blood profile have been improving day by day by using green tea powder with poultry feed. The experiment design should be well planned. Biosecurity of experimental design was maintained properly. Feed intake, feed conversion ratio is efficient in experiment birds. The live weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the group of Green Tea in the feed. The initial body weights of group To, T1, T2, T3 and T4 day of the experiment were 176.8 ±1, 184.2±1.3, 185.1±1, 190.2±084, 180.2±1.22 gm respectively and after 35th day of experiment final body weight were 1972±3.22, 1992±2.77, 1940±3.17, 1778±3.52, 1918±2.81 gm respectively. The net body weight gains were 1795.2±2.22, 1807.8±1.47, 1754.9±2.17, 1727.8±2.68, 1737.8±1.52 gm respectively and economics of production were analyzed and found the net profit per broiler. Green tea powder has significantly impact on feed intake To, T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively 3058± 4.23, 2971±4.01, 2995±5.57, 3208±4.3 and 3226±5.25 and increase body weight. Here the total cholesterol is lower in the group of broiler supplied green tea 0.5% and compare to other group of GT and antibiotic group. Triglyceride level showed significant (P<0.01) differences among different groups where highest level was found in T1 and lowest in T3 groups due to green tea powder concentration of blood plasma of broiler chicken.
Politique commerciale et migration internationale à court et moyen terme
Authors: Schiff Maurice W. 
Published: July 2018

The traditional trade literature assumes that trade liberalization reduces international factor price differences and results in lower migration, with trade and migration being substitutes. The assumptions made in that literature do not necessarily reflect South-North conditions. On the other hand, the migration literature claims that trade and migration are complements, so that freeing trade raises migration, at least in the short run. The arguments made in that literature better reflect South-North conditions but have lacked a rigorous basis.
In this paper, the author presents three scenarios and related models to explain the complementarity between migration and trade in a South-North context. The first one incorporates migration costs as a constraint, the second one considers factor specificity, and the third one examines the fact that the most protected sectors in a number of reforming ldcs are labor intensive. The results, especially those of the first scenario, suggest that the impact of nafta may very well be to increase migration rather than to reduce it.
Structure de propriété et comportement d'investissement en environnement incertain : estimations sur données de panel du secteur manufacturier camerounais
Authors: Zeufack Albert G. 
Published: July 2018

Ownership structure and investment behaviour facing uncertainty : estimations on panel data of the cameroonian manufacturing sector
This paper analyses investment behaviour of private firms facing high demand uncertainty. The econometric estimation of a stochastic model on panel data of 68 firms of the cameroonian manufacturing sector during the adjustment period suggests that uncertainty has negatively affected their investment decisions. Moreover, the estimation do not reject the hypothesis that a firm's reaction to uncertainty might depend on its ownership structure. Foreign private investors might be more sensitive to demand uncertainty than their domestic counterparts.
Prêt de groupe, aléa moral et création d'une garantie sociale
Authors: Conning Jonathan 
Published: July 2018

Group Lending, Moral Hazard, and the Creation of Social Collateral
This paper studies joint liability loan contracts such as those used by the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh. Group lending is modeled as a multi-task principal-multiagent problem in which each borrower in a borrowing group is given incentives to choose unobserved actions both as an entrepreneur on their own production project, and as a monitor of other borrowers. The analysis shows that «social collateral» to replace missing physical collateral can be created in certain circumstances, but that group loans will be offered by lenders and chosen by borrowers ahead of other forms of finance only where group members have a very substantial monitoring and enforcement advantage relative to outside monitoring intermediaries and the correlation in project returns across borrowers is not too large. Additional results concerning group formation, collusion amongst borrowers, and the cost and benefits of group loans versus other forms of finance available on the same market are discussed.
L'investissement direct à l'étranger contribue-t-il à la diffusion technologique vers les pays en développement ?
Authors: Grether Jean-Marie 
Published: July 2018

Does Foreign Direct Investment Induce Technological Diffusion in Developing Countries ?
This paper develops a Cournot duopoly in which a domestic firm competes with a technologically more advanced foreign-owned firm on the home market. Free technological spillovers are ruled out, but the domestic firm has the option to invest in costly learning activities and catch-up. In this framework, it turns out that technological transfer from a multinational corporation to its foreign affiliate may act against technological diffusion to the domestic firm, particularly if the initial technological gap is wide and the absorption capacity is weak. In line with the infant-industry argument, if such an outcome prevails, discriminatory measures towards FDI (or imports) could help to promote technological diffusion.
Instabilité du prix mondial des céréales et importations des pays en développement : un système de gestion des risques fondé sur le marché
Authors: Sarris Alexander H. 
Published: July 2018

World Cereal Price Instability and a Market Based Scheme for Managing the Risk of Developing Country Cereal Imports
The paper first argues that the world cereal markets do not appear to have become more unstable despite recent liberalization and declines in world stocks. Second, the low income food deficit countries (PFRDA) can, by restructuring domestic production, go a long way towards minimising their risk exposure in international markets. Developed countries can provide technical assistance towards that end. Third, there are probably too many resources devoted in pfrdas by households to self-insurance, given the lack of publicly provided insurance schemes. This has the tendency to lower growth. The pfrdas would probably benefit from internationally provided insurance. The paper proposes the insti¬ tution of a fund aimed at providing option like contracts to the PFRDAs, to insure that they would not incur excessive food import costs in times of need. The premiums of such contract could be subsidised by developed countries, as part of their overall aid. While such a fund would not provide full insurance against excessive food import bills, it would go part of the way toward such a goal. The cost to developed and developing countries alike would seem to be smaller than the cost of current arrangements, and the benefits would seem larger.
Les effets économiques de l'intégration au sein de la Communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale : estimations en équilibre général pour le Cameroun
Authors: Bakoup Ferdinand , Tarr David G. 
Published: July 2018

The Economie Effects of Integration in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community : Some General Equilibrium Estimates for Cameroon
In this paper we quantitatively assess the impact of the cemac on its largest member : Cameroon. We find that Cameroon will gain between 0.41 and 0.62 percent of its GDP. Our decomposition shows that the part of the agreement that calls for further preferential reduction of tariffs is immiserizing, although given the low level of intra-regional imports, the quantitative impact is quite small. Improved access to partner country markets accounts for about one-quarter of the gains. We find, however, that about three-quarters of the gains come from reduction of Cameroon's tariff against the rest of the world. Moreover, our estimates for Cameroon's unilateral trade liberalization show that it can gain marginally even more from full unilateral trade liberalization than it can from implementation of the CEMAC arrangements. Our results incorporate, in an otherwise small open economy model, the fact that Cameroon may possess regional market power, and we assess the difference in results with models with no regional market power.