bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Screening of Antivirals Targeting H275Y Mutation in Neuraminidase gene of Oseltamivir Drug Resistant Influenza Strains
Authors: Khan Wajihul Hasan , Khan Nida , Tembhre Manoj Kumar , Malik Zubair , Ansari Meraj Ahmad , Mishra Avinash 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Neuraminidase (NA) is an essential enzyme located at the outer layer of the influenza virus and plays a key role in the release of virions. This study aims to identify and analyze possible inhibitors of NA from different subtypes of influenza viruses, especially considering global outbreaks that highlight the immediate requirement for effective antiviral drugs. Initially, a thorough search was conducted in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) to gather structures of NA proteins that were attached with oseltamivir, a widely recognized inhibitor of NA. Here, 36 PDB entries were found with NA-oseltamivir complexes which were studied to evaluate the diversity and mutations present in various subtypes. Finally, N1(H1N1) protein was selected that demonstrated low IC50 value of oseltamivir with mutation H275Y. In addition, the study utilized BiMODAL generative model to generate 1000 novel molecules with comparable structures to oseltamivir. A QSAR model, based on machine learning (ML), was built utilizing the ChEMBL database to improve the selection process of candidate inhibitors. These inhibitors were subsequently analyzed by molecular docking and further the best hits compounds (compound_375, compound_106 and compound_597) were tacked to make a bigger molecule (compound_106–375, compound_106–597, and compound_375–597) to fit into the binding pocket of protein. Further, triplicate molecular dynamics simulations lasting 100 ns to assess their effectiveness and binding stability, showed that compound_106–375 had the most stable binding with the protein. Key residues, including Asn146, Ala138, and Tyr155, form critical interactions with the ligand, contributing to its stability. The investigation was enhanced by employing principal component analysis (PCA), free energy landscape (FEL), and binding free energy calculations. The total binding free energy (GTOTAL) of -17.74 kcal/mol suggests that the contact between compound_106–375 and the mutant N1 (H1N1) protein is thermodynamically favorable. This approach allowed for a thorough comprehension of the binding interactions and possible effectiveness of the discovered inhibitors. Overall, these findings demonstrate that compound_106–375 exhibits favorable binding characteristics and stability, making it a promising candidate for further development as a therapeutic agent against the mutant N1 (H1N1) protein, potentially overcoming the challenges associated with drug resistance in influenza viruses.
Facile synthesis and effective adsorption of magnetic alginate biogel composite for lanthanum ions from water
Authors: Su Nier , Li Beigang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A novel eco-friendly magnetic alginate biogel composite (Ca-SA@Fe3O4) was synthesized through droplet polymerization and characterized using multiple techniques. Furthermore, the impact of factors, such as dosage, pH, contact time, temperature and the presence of co-existing ions on the efficiency of the removal for La(III) ions by the composite were systematically investigated. The evaluation and exploration were conducted on the adsorption performance, reusability, and interaction mechanism of the magnetic composite towards La(III) ions. The results show that the magnetic composite gel beats have a particle scale of approximately 1.3 mm, a peculiar folded structure with numerous surface pores and sensitive magnetive responsiveness. La(III)-ion removal from water by Ca-SA@Fe3O4 reached 90.2% at pH 7.0, contact time of 20 h and 298 K. The La(III) adsorption behaviour was in accordance with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was up to 91.0 mg/g. The spontaneous adsorption process exhibited kinetics that were in accordance with the Pseudo-second-order model, suggesting a favorable agreement. Complexation and electrostatic adsorption between the composite and La(III) ions facilitate the strong adsorption of La(III) ions. The commonly coexisting ions and ionic strength hardly interfered with the La(III) adsorption, apart from a minor influence of Ca2+ ions. The biogel composite following adsorption of La(III) ions can be completely recovered and reused at least four times. Ca-SA@Fe3O4 composite would be a cost-effective macroparticle biosorbent.
Effect of Temperature and Heating rate on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Spent Coffee Grounds
Authors: Ko Hyeong tak , Lee Myeong jong , Choi Jeong woo , Oh Sea Cheon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Considerable increase in global coffee consumption has resulted in a marked increase in the amount of spent coffee grounds (SCG). To examine the applicability of SCG as a renewable energy source this study evaluated the pyrolysis characteristics of SCG. Elemental and proximate analyses were conducted on SCG, and kinetic analysis was performed using thermogravimetric analysis to identify the activation energy for the pyrolysis reaction. The experiment was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere using a fixed-bed reactor to analyze the gas and liquid products as well as the solid residues produced from the pyrolysis reaction by varying the reaction temperature and heating rate. The activation energy for the pyrolysis reaction of coffee hemicellulose and cellulose was higher than that for the pyrolysis reaction of lignin. With regard to gaseous products, CO and CO2 began to occur at a lower temperature than hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbons began to occur at approximately 330 °C. The yield of the liquid products was highest at 500 °C, and it increased with the heating rate. Moreover, most of the liquid products were components containing oxygen, and the compound composition of the liquid products depended on the reaction temperature and heating rate. The yield of the solid residues decreased according to the reaction temperature and heating rate, and it was confirmed through infrared and X-ray diffraction spectrum analysis that gradual carbonization occurred according to reaction conditions.
A Novel Framework for Analyzing User Behavior in Live Streaming: Enhancing Prediction Accuracy with a Hawkes Process-Based Encoding- Decoding Model
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Dong-feng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Live streaming has emerged as a prevalent sales strategy in today's online retail environment, yet purchase behavior during these sessions remains sparse despite attracting vast audiences. To gain insights into consumer viewing habits, this paper introduces a novel user behavior analysis framework that evaluates the effectiveness of live streaming by measuring the time users take to make purchase decisions after viewing. This framework captures users' viewing patterns by defining specific behaviors during live streams. It introduces an innovative Hawkes process-based encoding-decoding model to enhance the accuracy of prediction of user viewing behavior. The research focuses on three core areas: assessing the overall quality of live streaming, constructing an accurate data structure to record user live-streaming behavior, and developing a model for in-depth analysis and prediction of user behavior. Specifically, it entails crafting a new evaluation method centered on user engagement duration within live streams, defining a comprehensive behavior sequence to document user actions, and proposing a hierarchical encoding-decoding model that improves prediction accuracy for user behavior and live stream quality. Ultimately, the application of this model to real-world shopping datasets demonstrates its superiority in predicting live viewing behavior compared to existing methodologies.
Environmental enrichment alleviates neuropathic pain-associated anxiety by enhancing the function of parvalbumin interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Ren Zhuo-Yu , Han Bao-Yu , Zhao Li-Yuan , Lou Xue-Jie , Tao Yuan-Xiang , Zhang Guang-Fen , Yang Jian-Jun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Chronic neuropathic pain is often accompanied with comorbid anxiety. However, effective interventions of this anxiety are highly limited. This study aims to examine the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain-associated anxiety behaviors and explore the mechanisms underlying this effect. EE could effectively ameliorate anxiety-like behaviors followed by SNI. EE also significantly reversed the phenotypic loss of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and impaired gamma oscillations under SNI-induced neuropathic pain conditions. In addition, EE reversed the SNI-induced reduction in number of PV puncta around Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-positive neurons. Furthermore, enhancing the function of PV interneurons could effectively improve the SNI-caused anxiety-like behaviors. In contrast, the inhibiting function of PV interneurons led to anxiety-like behaviors in native mice. Our findings suggest that EE significantly improves anxiety-like behaviors under neuropathic pain conditions likely by enhancing the function of PV interneurons in ACC.
Title of the journal: Health professionals’ level of knowledge regarding integrating mental health services with Human immunodeficiency services at primary health care
Authors: Posholi Malerotholi Thabida , Baphumelele Winnie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with Human immunodeficiency virus are more likely to experience mental health problems, which has an adverse effect on how well they respond to highly active antiretroviral treatment. Increased mental health problems that are not treated have caused increased prevalence of mental health problems, increased prevalence of medical conditions and very poor economy but mental health services are lacking.
Aim
The aim of the study was to describe health professionals’ level of knowledge regarding integration of mental health services into Human immunodeficiency virus services at primary health care.
Setting
The study was conducted in five primary health cares in Maseru district, Lesotho.
Methods
This study employed mixed methods, and made use of quantitative (self-administered questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interviews).
Results
69.7% of respondents reported that they do not have knowledge to manage mental health problems in people living with Human immunodeficiency virus.
The qualitative findings further showed that majority of health professionals did not have enough knowledge to identify signs and symptoms of mental health problems in people living with Human immunodeficiency virus, no adequate knowledge to diagnose and manage all people presenting with mental health problems and also living with Human immunodeficiency virus. To account for possible factors, comparisons were made using a Chi-square statistical test for the categorical data and a t-test/Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the numeric data. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 26, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Conclusion
Health professionals were not providing mental health services in people presenting with mental health problems and Human immunodeficiency virus mainly because of lack of knowledge to identify signs and symptoms, diagnose and manage people presenting with mental health problems in people living with Human immunodeficiency virus.
Contribution
The study confirmed lack of knowledge regarding mental health in health professionals and therefore there is an urgent need to act on this matter as this large treatment gap cause so many complications.
Trauma-analogue symptoms relate to inhibitory control, peritraumatic response and reminder interference
Authors: Petersdotter Linn , Miller Lindsey , Johansson Mikael , Hammar Åsa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

It remains poorly understood why some individuals develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while others do not. This study aimed to examine factors predicting variability in trauma-related symptom development. Using a trauma-film paradigm in a healthy sample (N = 32), we investigated how inhibitory control and peritraumatic responses relate to the development of intrusive memories and self-assessed event impact. Peritraumatic heart rate was associated with more frequent, vivid, and distressing memory intrusions during the week following trauma-analogue exposure. It also predicted hyperarousal and avoidance symptoms, with the latter further linked to lower inhibitory control. In a cognitive-interference task conducted approximately one day after trauma-analogue exposure, negative trauma reminders increased response latencies. This reduced interference control was predicted by both lower inhibitory control and higher peritraumatic heart rate, and it was especially pronounced in individuals who reported a heightened overall event impact. In conclusion, inhibitory control and peritraumatic heart rate emerged as predictors of subsequent reminder interference, intrusions, and self-assessed event impact. These findings provide insights into physiological and behavioural mechanisms underlying variability in the development of trauma-analogue symptoms and related cognitive interference when exposed to trauma reminders in a healthy sample without a trauma history.
Comparative Content Analysis of Biogas Produced From Pig Dung and Cow Dung at Kansanga Seed Biogas Plant Uganda.
Authors: Ounyesiga Living , Daniel Omuna , Nnamchi Stephen Ndubuisi , Bawa Musa , Akiyode oluwole 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Numerous issues, including environmental deterioration, global climate change, and a host of health issues, have been brought on by an excessive reliance on fossil fuels as the main energy source. The present increase in the cost of natural gas and oil has necessitated this study of alternate energy sources. In order to examine the properties of biogas produced from pig manure and cow dung, this study was conducted. Before feeding, the chosen substrates were combined with water in a 1:1 ratio and examined for stones or other extraneous elements. The 90-liter digester was then filled with the mixture. Every setup featured a thermometer to track variations in temperature. The percentage contents of methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon monoxide were measured in the biogas that was produced. On the twenty-third day of digestion, a mixture of thirty kilograms of pig dung and thirty liters of water produced the highest methane output of 52.3. On day 22, the percentage of biogas generated from cow dung reached its highest point, 48.6%. Temperature, trace gases like hydrogen sulfide, and rain all reduced the amount of methane that could be produced in the study area.
Validation of the shortest version of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-7) as a screening tool for disordered eating in patients with first-episode schizophrenia
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Boukadida Youssef , Cheour Majda , Hallit Souheil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Over the past decades, the Eating Attitude Test (EAT) has been well-recognized and widely used in clinical practice. However, only little psychometric information is available on the EAT for researchers and clinicians who deal with patients with schizophrenia, and it is still unclear whether the scale could fulfill measurement needs and help clinical and research decision-making in the context of psychotic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the shortest version of the EAT (EAT-7) among newly-diagnosed patients with schizophrenia who had minimal exposure to antipsychotics at the start of the study.
Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional survey that was carried out in the department of psychiatry at Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia. The study took place between January and June 2024, and involved clinically-stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia who have had <3 months of treatment with antipsychotics (N=112; mean age of 24.44 ± 5.41 years).
Results: In terms of factor analysis, the EAT-7 presented a one-dimensional structure. All seven items strongly loaded on a single factor, with all indices of the CFA suggesting a good fit to the data. In addition, the EAT-7 yielded excellent reliability coefficients, with both a McDonald’s ω and a Cronbach’s α of 0.88. Measurement invariance of the EAT-7 across sex groups was tested using multi-group CFA, and established at the configural, scalar, and metric levels. No significant differences in EAT-7 scores between males and females were found. Finally, EAT-7 scores positively correlated with scores of depression and anxiety, supporting concurrent validity of the scale.
Conclusion: The shortness, items’ clarity and conciseness of the EAT-7 make it an efficient tool appropriate as a first-step screening tool to detect disordered eating in patients with schizophrenia at low cost and burden. We hope that this study will facilitate the widespread application of the EAT-7 in routine assessment and monitoring of disordered eating in patients with schizophrenia, in both clinical and research practices.
Association Between the TG/HDL-c Ratio and Hyperuricemia in Women participants in China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Liang Hao , You Jia , Zhu Ye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the clinical value of the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(TG/HDL-c) ratio as a diagnostic marker for hyperuricemia (HUA) in female population in China.
Methods: A total of 21,316 eligible female participants, aged 18 years and older, were consecutively recruited during routine medical examinations at Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital from July 2014 to August 2023. Participants were divided into four groups based on their TG/HDL-c ratio values. Logistic regression analysis models were employed to further investigate the correlation between the prevalence of HUA and TG/HDL-c ratio in this region.Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the linear associations of TG/HDL-c and HUA.
Results: The average age of participants was 42.68±13.96 years and the overall prevalence of HUA is 6.41%. The mean uric acid level was 265.34±59.72umol/L. The univariate logistic analysis showed that a higher TG/HDL-c ratio was positively correlated with the presence of hyperuricemia (OR (95%CI) =3.601(3.281,3.951), P < 0.001). In different age groups of female participants, we found a statistically significant association between higher levels of TG/HDL-c and HUA(P<0.05). In female participants, there was a nonlinear association between TG/HDL-c and HUA (P < 0.001).After adjusting for multiple covariates, this study found a significant interaction between TG/HDL-c and BMI, as well as creatinine, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).The AUC for TG/HDL-c in predicting the occurrence of HUA among female participants was 0.717(95%Cl:0.703-0.731).
Conclusions: An elevated TG/HDL-C ratio increases the risk of HUA in females in eastern China, particularly in individuals with low creatinine levels and normal body weight. Monitoring TG/HDL-c levels may be beneficial for preventing HUA in women.
Heart rate variability and blood pressure response to low intensity endurance exercise training plus blood flow restriction in individuals with mild hypertension
Authors: Zaboli Maryam Doustaki , joukar Siyavash , Nozari Masoumeh , Aminizadeh Soheil , Kahnooji Masoomeh , Mohammadi Khadije 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Considering the lack of sufficient information, this study examined the effects of low- intensity endurance exercise training alone and with blood flow restriction (BFR) on blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with mild hypertension.
Methods: 43 participants aged 50 – 65 years with mild hypertension were divided into three groups including; endurance exercise with BFR (Ex+ BFR) endurance exercise only (Ex), and a control group (Con) Exercise training was performed three times a week for ten weeks. Before and after the training program, HRV, blood pressure, resting heart rate, and heart rate recovery time were measured and analyzed.
Results: In both Ex and Ex + BFR groups, RMSSD, SDSD, HF (nu), SD1, and the SD1/SD2 ratio significantly increased but, SD2 and the LF/HF ratio decreased vs. control group. Changes in the aforementioned parameters in Ex + BFR group than in Ex group.
In comparison to Ex group, Ex + BFR group showed a greater reduction in the QRS interval (15% vs. 12%) and heart rate (7.9% vs. 6.3%) (P < 0.05). Both Ex and Ex+BFR groups experienced a significant decrease in heart rate recovery time and blood pressure (P < 0.001 vs. Con group), with no significant differences between them.
Conclusion: Low- intensity endurance training combined with blood flow restriction not only had no negative impact on blood pressure, HRV, heart rate recovery, and ECG parameters, but in long term, it may have more positive impact compared to exercise alone in individuals with mild hypertension.
ST-CFI: Swin Transformer with Convolutional Feature Interactions for Identifying Plant Diseases
Authors: Yu Sheng , Liu Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: The increasing global population, coupled with the diminishing availability of arable land, has rendered the challenge of ensuring food security more pronounced. The prompt and precise identification of plant diseases is essential for reducing crop losses and improving agricultural yield. In this paper, we introduce the Swin Transformer with Convolutional Feature Interactions (STCFI) model, which represents a state-of-the-art deep learning methodology aimed at detecting plant diseases through the analysis of leaf images. The ST-CFI model effectively integrates the strengths of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Swin Transformers, enabling the extraction of both local and global features from plant images. This is achieved through the implementation of an inception architecture and cross-channel feature learning, which collectively enhance the information necessary for detailed feature extraction.
Results: We conducted a series of comprehensive experiments utilizing five distinct datasets: PlantVillage, the Plant Pathology 2021 competition, Plant- Doc, AI2018, and iBean. The ST-CFI model exhibited exceptional performance, achieving an accuracy of 99.94% on the PlantVillage dataset, 99.22% on iBean, 86.89% on AI2018, and 77.54% on PlantDoc. These results underscore the model’s robustness and its capacity to generalize across various datasets and real-world conditions. The high accuracy and F1 scores, in conjunction with low loss values, further validate the model’s efficacy in learning discriminative features.
Conclusion: The ST-CFI model signifies a substantial advancement in the early and accurate detection of plant diseases, serving as a valuable instrument for precision agriculture. Its capacity to integrate CNNs and Transformers within a unified framework enhances the model’s feature extraction capabilities, resulting in improved accuracy in the identification of plant diseases. This study concludes that the ST-CFI model is an effective tool for addressing the challenges associated with plant disease detection, with significant implications for agricultural sustainability and productivity.