bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with metformin and sorafenib alleviates endometrial hyperplasia in polycystic ovary syndrome by promoting apoptosis via synergically regulating autophagy
Authors: Wang Qian‐qing , Guo Xiang‐cui , Li Li , Gao Zhi‐hui , Ji Mei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of metformin (MET) and Sorafenib (SOR) in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Effects of MET and SOR on the area of endometrium and myometrium were detected. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry assays were carried out to detect the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), mTORC2, LC3‐II, P62, and Caspase‐3 in rats and cultured cells. Furthermore, cell counting kit‐8 assay and flow cytometry analysis was carried out to determine the apoptotic profiles of treated cells. MET and SOR could apparently decrease the areas of endometrium and myometrium in PCOS. MET notably enhanced the expression of LC3‐II and Caspase‐3 in PCOS while substantially reducing the level of mTORC1 and P62. Similarly, SOR also enhanced the expression of LC3‐II and Caspase‐3 in PCOS while substantially reducing the level of mTORC2 and P62. Treatment with MET and SOR significantly inhibited the proliferation of HCC‐94 and HEC‐1‐A cells while promoting their apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Caspase‐3. In cells treated with MET, the expression of mTORC1 and LC3‐II was upregulated while the expression of P62 was downregulated. Similarly, in cells treated with SOR, the expression of mTORC2 and LC3‐II was also upregulated while the expression of P62 was also downregulated. Furthermore, MET showed no effect on mTORC2 expression, while SOR showed no effect on mTORC1 expression. In this study, we suggested that MET and SOR alleviated the risk of EH in PCOS via the mTORC1/autophagy/apoptosis axis and mTORC2/autophagy/apoptosis axis, respectively.
Effect of preventive or therapeutic treatment with angiotensin 1–7 in a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice
Authors: Rago Flávia , Melo Eliza Mathias , Kraemer Lucas , Galvão Izabela , Cassali Geovanni D , Santos Robson A S , Russo Remo C , Teixeira Mauro Martins 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by aberrant fibroblast activation and excessive collagen deposition that may eventually lead to organ dysfunction. Lung fibrosis is frequently observed in cancer patients undergoing bleomycin (BLM) treatment. Therefore, BLM instillation in mice is the most frequent model used to investigate pulmonary fibrosis. Angiotensin 1–7 [Ang-(1-7)] is a heptapeptide with anti-inflammatory and proresolving activity. Here, we studied the effects of preventive and therapeutic oral administration of Ang-(1-7) in a model of BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Male C57Bl/6j mice were instilled with BLM and followed for weight loss and survival or euthanized to examine pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and lung function. For preventive treatment, mice were treated with Ang-(1-7) 1 h before instillation and then twice daily. We observed that preventive treatment with Ang-(1-7) decreased weight loss, inflammation and collagen deposition, increased survival, and ameliorated lung function. Therapeutic treatment with Ang-(1-7), starting 3 days after BLM instillation resulted in decreased inflammation, decreased collagen deposition, and ameliorated lung function, although the effects were of lower magnitude than the preventive treatment. Therapeutic treatment with Ang-(1-7) starting 7 or 14 days after BLM instillation failed to alter any of the changes observed. Therefore, although oral preventive treatment with Ang-(1-7) is effective to decrease pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and functional changes induced by BLM, therapeutic effects are much less significant, arguing against its use in patients with chronic fibrosis. It remains to be determined whether other proresolving molecules will have better therapeutic effects in the context of chronic pulmonary fibrosis.
Distinct effects of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards on radical and incremental creativity: The moderating role of goal orientations
Authors: Malik Muhammad Abdur Rahman , Choi Jin Nam , Butt Arif Nazir 
Published: June 2019

SummaryPrevious studies have investigated the role of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards in enhancing employee creativity. However, the possibility that these motivational factors affect the creativity of different types remains largely unexplored, particularly in the organizational settings. Moreover, the potential that personality traits may moderate the function of these motivational factors toward creativity is another underresearched area. By drawing on the person–situation interaction perspective, we propose that both intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards predict creativity but of different types. Thus, we diverge from the view that creativity is a uniform criterion domain by adopting the distinction between radical and incremental creativity. Our empirical analysis of 220 independent employee–supervisor dyads confirmed that intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards predict radical and incremental creativity, respectively. Moreover, the effects of intrinsic motivation on radical and incremental creativity are more positive for employees with higher learning goal orientation. By contrast, the effect of extrinsic rewards on incremental creativity is more positive for employees with higher performance goal orientation. This study offers elaborate and nuanced perspectives and insights into the role of different motivational processes in the development of different types of creativity.
Distant political‐economic forces and global‐to‐local pathway to impacts on forests of Ejido landscapes across Yucatán, México
Authors: Lawrence Ted J. , Morreale Stephen J. , Stedman Richard C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIndigenous community land tenure in many locations worldwide is shifting towards individually parcelized and privatized systems. Among the drivers of this shifting land tenure are distant political‐economic forces and commodity markets, from local to global. Accompanying the observed land tenure changes are shifts in livelihoods, away from subsistence‐based and toward market‐oriented activities. These changes can ultimately impact land use, land cover, and biodiversity conservation. We investigated a global‐to‐local causal pathway, from agriculture, livestock, and forestry production for distant markets, extending through shifting land tenure and livelihoods, to impacts on forest cover within ejidos (a type of community landholding) across Yucatán, México, where Maya people are the primary land managers. To reveal this causal pathway, we conducted exploratory data analysis, using ordinary least squares regression, mapped variables, and variographic analyses to assess spatial patterns and correlations. We further explored relationships among variables using spatially explicit simultaneous autoregressive models. We found that commodity production for distant markets is strongly related to parcelized ejido lands, which in turn are often deforested. Conversely, community‐managed lands, which traditionally involve subsistence‐based agroforestry, are much more likely to be densely forested. Overall, we conclude that recent deforestation of ejido lands across the State is, at least partly, the result of shifting land tenure and livelihoods due to the increasing presence of commodity markets. Moreover, we conclude that community‐managed lands and associated subsistence livelihoods can attenuate deforestation and potentially advance forest and biodiversity conservation across México and elsewhere.
Copper isotopes as possible neoplasia biomarkers in captive wild felids
Authors: Gourlan Alexandra T. , Douay Guillaume , Telouk Philippe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe longevity of zoo animals is increasing due to continuous improvement in husbandry and veterinary medicine. However, increasing age is correlated to a higher prevalence of neoplasia. Despite tremendous improvement in diagnoses and monitoring capacities, cancers are still a challenge for veterinarians within the global zoo community. The recent use of copper isotopes as biomarkers for neoplasia in both human and veterinary medicine is a promising and cost‐effective diagnostic tool.Two hundred and twenty‐nine serum samples from 10 different species of wild felids under human care were processed through mass spectrometry to determine the ratio of heavy and light copper isotopes (65Cu/63Cu). The results of this preliminary study exhibit an important variability between felid species, with a ratio ranging between −1.71 and 0.63. Additionally, copper isotopes seem to be a promising diagnostic tool in monitoring cancer in wild animals, as in human medicine, where the isotopic ratio decreases significantly with time in the presence of a tumor.
Ventilation Pathways for the North Pacific Oxygen Deficient Zone
Authors: Margolskee A. , Frenzel H. , Emerson S. , Deutsch C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOxygen deficient zones (ODZs) in the tropical ocean exert a profound influence on global biogeochemical cycles, but the factors that regulate their long‐term structure and sensitivity to oceanic change remain poorly understood. We analyzed hydrographic observations and a high‐resolution physical/biogeochemical model to diagnose the primary pathways that ventilate the tropical Pacific ODZs. Historical and recent autonomous observations reveal pronounced and widespread O2 peaks, termed secondary oxygen maxima (SOMs), within the depths of the broader O2 minimum layer, especially at the equatorward edge of both northern and southern ODZs. In the northern ODZ, Lagrangian particle tracking in an eddy‐permitting numerical model simulation attributes these features to intrusions of the Northern Subsurface Countercurrent along the equatorial edge of the ODZ. Zonal subsurface jets also ventilate the poleward edge of the northern ODZ but induce a smaller O2 flux and do not yield detectable SOMs. Along the ODZ's eastern boundary, oxygenation is achieved by the seasonal cycle of upwelling of low‐O2 water onto the continental shelf, followed by downwelling of O2‐replenished near‐surface waters back into the ODZ. Waters entering the northern Pacific ODZ originate from the extratropics in both hemispheres, but two thirds are from the Southern Hemisphere and arrive later and with a wider range of transit times. These results suggest that predicting future changes in the large Pacific ODZs will require a better understanding of the climate sensitivity of the narrow zonal jets and seasonal dynamics of coastal upwelling that supply their O2.
Hepatoprotective activity of raspberry ketone is mediated via inhibition of the NF-κB/TNF-α/caspase axis and mitochondrial apoptosis in chemically induced acute liver injury
Authors: Fouad Dalia , Badr Amira , Attia Hala A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic compound which is marketed nowadays as a popular weight-reducing remedy, with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its biological activity is not fully elucidated. Hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of acute liver failure in Europe and North America, and its management is still challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the therapeutic detoxification activity of RK against liver injury in vivo and to explore the underlying mechanisms using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity as a model. First, a dose–response study using 4 different doses, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg−1 day−1, of RK was conducted. RK was administered for 5 days as a pretreatment, followed by a single dose of CCl4 (1 ml kg−1, 1 : 1 v/v CCl4 : olive oil). The RK dose of 200 mg kg−1 showed the greatest protective effect and was selected for further investigations. CCl4 hepatotoxicity was confirmed by elevation of liver enzymes, and histopathological examination. CCl4-induced oxidative stress was evident from increased lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) along with depleted superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Increased oxidative stress was associated with increased cytochrome c expression with subsequent activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, in addition to DNA fragmentation reflecting apoptosis. CCl4 also induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and TNF-α). Interestingly, RK hepatoprotective activity was evident from the reduction of liver enzymes, and maintenance of hepatocyte integrity and microstructures as evaluated by histopathological examination using H and E, and transmission electron microscopy. The antioxidant activity of RK was demonstrated by the increase of TAC, SOD, and GSH, with a concomitant decrease of the TBARS level. Moreover, RK pretreatment inhibited CCl4-induced upregulation of inflammatory mediators. RK antiapoptotic activity was indicated by the reduction of the expression of cytoplasmic cytochrome-C, a decrease of caspases, and inhibition of DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that RK is a promising hepatoprotective agent. The underlying mechanisms include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. This is the first study reporting RK hepatoprotective activity in acute hepatic injury and approves its antiapoptotic effect in the liver.
Ordinal optimisation approach for complex distribution network reconfiguration
Authors: Xing Haijun , Hong Shaoyun 
Published: June 2019

The increasing complexity of the distribution system makes the practical distribution network operation much difficult. This paper presents an ordinal optimisation (OO) approach to solve the distribution network reconfiguration, which is an NP‐ hard problem with discrete control variables. OO uses crude and computationally fast model to reduce the search space. The spirit of OO is to seek the good enough solution instead of the best with high probability. The proposed approach is validated with two practical distribution systems, TPC 84 node test system. The results are compared with Optimal Flow Pattern (OFP), Common Genetic Algorithm (CGA), Partheno Genetic Algorithm with Tree Structure Encoding technology (TSE‐PGA) and Second‐Order Cone Programming (SOCP).
Low power millimeter wave radar system for the visually impaired
Authors: Long Ningbo , Wang Kaiwei , Cheng Ruiqi , Hu Weijian , Yang Kailun 
Published: June 2019

In order to help visually impaired people to avoid obstacles, a K‐band millimetre wave (MMW) radar system based on the principle of frequency‐modulated continuous wave (FMCW) is proposed in this study. The FMCW basic principle and the signal processing algorithm are elaborated in detail. The prototype of the radar system has been designed and manufactured. The experiment results show the qualified detection accuracy in view of low deviation. The maximum deviations from the range measurement experiments for a person and a car are 0.14 and 0.47 m, respectively. As a wearable system, the radar system has the characteristics of low power and small size, which is very suitable for blind navigation application. In addition, the MMW radar has broad application prospects in the field of automotive blind spot detection and small robots.
Third‐order harmonic currents suppression method based on selective component compensation for cascadedH‐bridge STATCOM under asymmetric grid
Authors: Lu Daorong , Hu Haibing 
Published: June 2019

To achievelow cost and compactness, small dc capacitance in dc‐link is preferred in the cascaded H‐bridge (CHB) static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). However, small dc capacitance will definitely result in high dc‐link ripples among three clusters, and thus cause severe third‐order harmonic currents under the asymmetric grid. In this study, to mitigate the third‐order harmonic currents, a selective component compensation approach for the CHB STATCOM is proposed. To study the effect of the dc‐link ripples on the phase currents, sequence component decomposition is employed to derive the relationship between the dc‐link ripples and the converter voltages. The relationship reveals that the converter voltages contain positive, negative, and zero sequence components in both fundamental and third‐order under the asymmetric grid, while only the positive and negative sequence components in third‐order converter voltages result in third‐order harmonic currents due to the three‐wire system. Therefore, the third‐order harmonic currents suppression method is proposed by only compensating the positive and negative components in third‐order converter voltages. A 380 V/15 kVA STATCOM prototype is built to verify the proposed control method.
Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book and Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Katarmal Daisy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper intends to throw light on Boenninghausen's method and his less often used repertory: Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book. This is one of the first repertories and is considered an authentic work of Boenninghausen. However, Therapeutic Pocket Book is less used in practice because of certain points of criticisms; an attempt has been made to give a rationale for these points. Another point of controversy is discussed that may be frequently encountered in practice: whether to consider the disease pathology or solely depends on the totality of symptoms to work out a case homeopathically. The practical use of Therapeutic Pocket Book has been illustrated with a study in which it is observed that the homoeopathic treatment done using Boenninghausen's method is able to reduce the intensity of pain in patients with musculoskeletal pain.
Case Report on Colloidal Nodular Goiter
Authors: Sharma Bindu , Sexena Reteka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGoiter refers to an enlarged thyroid gland which can be caused by a number of factors such as biosynthetic defects, iodine deficiency, autoimmune disease and nodular diseases. A case of a woman with colloidal nodular goiter treated successfully with Homoeopathy is reported here. Her thyroid profile was within normal range, and fine-needle aspiration cytology was clearly suggestive of colloidal nodular goiter. She was treated with homoeopathic medicines following holistic concepts of homoeopathy, and the result was significant reduction in size of thyroid nodule. Lycopodium initiated the action, and Sulphur potentiated the cure.
Homoeopathy in Cancer Pain Palliation and End of Life with Future Perspectives
Authors: Sachdeva Jyoti , Dey Joy Kumar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPain is a common companion of people receiving palliative care in cancer and at the end of life. Cancer pain is multifactorial and complex. Its impact can be devastating, with increased morbidity and poor quality of life, if not treated adequately. Cancer pain management is a challenging task both due to disease process and due to treatment-related side effects; therefore, it requires a holistic approach which can be covered by homoeopathic remedies. The purpose of this article is to enlighten the scope and future perspective of homoeopathy in pain palliative care and at the end of life. This article summarises the need of multidimensional approach towards the cancer pain palliation and at the end of life in which homoeopathy may play a key role of supportive care. Homoeopathy may become a valuable treatment in palliative care to provide relief and comfort to the dying patient, and therefore the fear of death may reduce and the family may be better prepared for the bereavement. Homoeopathy can well integrate with standard oncologic cares to improve patient outcome including symptom burden, quality of life and end-of-life outcomes, all achieved with low associated costs.
Case Report on Hyperuricemia Presenting as One-Sided Disease
Authors: Bala Renu , Srivastava Amit 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHyperuricemia is very common, and a prevalence of up to 15 to 20% has been reported in population-based studies. Although hyperuricemia is not a disease, if uric acid levels remain high, over time they can lead to several diseases. Hyperuricemia is the central risk factor for gout and is a key component of the metabolic syndrome. The case illustrated here is of hyperuricemia with only symptom of pain in the joints, large as well as small, mainly the shoulder joints, knee joints, ankle joints and interphalangeal joints for 2 years without any associated complaint. The case is a one-sided disease, that is, disease in which symptoms are very few, which got cleared up with antisycotic drugs. Thuja and Medorrhinum prescribed in the beginning of the case on the guidelines for one-sided diseases mentioned in Organon of Medicine and later responded very well to Bryonia alba in higher potencies to lower the level of serum uric acid significantly along with long-lasting improvement in signs and symptoms of the patient.
Case Report of an Abscess in a Bitch Healed with Alternative Medicine
Authors: Macías Álvaro Millán 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe most widespread treatment for infected wounds, that enjoys the trust of the medical community, is antibiotherapy. After this, surgery can be considered, if there are recurrences or serious risks for the patient's health. The following reported case aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of natural therapies in the resolution of infections that occur with suppuration. A half-blood old bitch developed an encapsulated abscess on the back of her neck. An exhaustive clinical examination was done to diagnose an immune deficiency. This can explain the failure of antibiotics prescribed by another practitioner. The combination of acupuncture, homeopathy, and phytotherapy solved the problem satisfactorily in one month. This integrative approach is based on the complementation between Chinese traditional medicine and homeopathic medicine.
Homoeopathic Awareness among the Tribal Population Visiting a Homoeopathic Hospital set up in West Bengal
Authors: Mukherjee Anupam , Banerjee Ayushman , Das Kaushik D. 
Published: June 2019

Background Tribal population in India had been known to depend on traditional tribal medicines for long to cure their ailments. With the development of health care facilities and spread of AYUSH system:of late many tribal people are seeking homoeopathic treatment. More than half of the tribal population of West Bengal are concentrated in the South western part of the state that covers the districts of Paschim Medinipur, Purulia, and Bankura. Midnapore Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital being located in the same region gets a good number of tribal patients seeking homoeopathic care.
Objective To assess the level of homoeopathic awareness and the reasons for their preference to homoeopathic system.
Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted in the outpatient department of Midnapore Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, India from January 2016 to June 2016 on adult tribal population using a self-administered questionnaire.
Results The survey performed on tribal patients reflected the level of homoeopathic awareness, prevalence of disease, socio-demographic data, and health status of the tribal population. The positive effect with homoeopathic treatment also became evident in the study.
Conclusion A favorable attitude toward homoeopathy among the tribal population was obtained. However, some wrong notions about the mode also emerged in the study. In this respect, the authors felt the need on arrangement of homoeopathic health camps and distribution of homoeopathic awareness materials in tribal language to improve the scenario.