bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HCCH Judgments Convention in Australian Law
Authors: Douglas Michael , Keyes Mary , McKibbin Sarah , Mortensen Reid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn May 2018, the Hague Conference on Private International Law (‘HCCH’) produced a draft convention for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. A Diplomatic Session of the HCCH is expected to take place in 2019 at which this draft ‘Judgments Convention’ will be presented. If a multilateral convention emerges from the Diplomatic Session, Australia is likely to be an early adopter: the Commonwealth Attorney-General’s Department conducted a public consultation on the draft Judgments Convention in 2018. Against that background, this article considers the impact of implementation of the Judgments Convention in Australia. It is argued that domestic legislation that emerges from the Judgments Convention will deliver an overdue refurbishment of the Australian law relating to the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Australia’s adoption of the Judgments Convention ought to be welcomed.
Comparing 2% lidocaine gel (Dispogel and Cathejell) in cystoscopy
Authors: Ucar Muharrem , Oguz Fatih , Gecit Ilhan , Aydogan Mustafa Said 
Published: July 2019

Objective Cystoscopy is a common urologic procedure. Analgesics are often used to reduce any pain associated with this procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy in reducing pain and the cost-effectiveness of two forms of lidocaine gel in patients undergoing cystoscopy. Methods In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 77 male patients who were referred for double J removal, urethral dilatation, or cystoscopy were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: Dispogel and Cathejell. All patients received 20 mL of intraurethral lidocaine gel 2% and cystoscopy was performed 5 minutes thereafter. The primary outcome was the pain score (visual analogue scale, VAS) during and 5 minutes after cystoscopy. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the VAS scores, blood pressure, and pulse rate in the groups in either observation period. No patient required additional anesthetic agents or sedatives for insufficient pain relief. Conclusion The results of this study show that the analgesic efficacy of Dispogel and Cathejell in the treatment of pain during and after elective cystoscopy was the same, but Dispogel was more cost-effective.
Prolonged clinical remission and low disease activity statuses are associated with better quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Poomsalood N , Narongroeknawin P , Chaiamnuay S , Asavatanabodee P , Pakchotanon R 
Published: July 2019

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the association between disease activity status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods SLE patients in an out-patient clinic during the previous 12 months were included in the study. The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-specific Quality-of-Life questionnaire (SLEQoL) was administered at the last visit. Disease activity status was determined retrospectively during the previous year. The categories of disease activity status were defined as: clinical remission (CR): clinical quiescent disease according to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000, prednisolone ≤ 5 mg/day; low disease activity (LDA): SLEDAI-2K (without serological domain) ≤ 2, prednisolone ≤ 7.5 mg/day; and non-optimally controlled status: for those who were not in CR/LDA. Immunosuppressive drugs (maintenance dose) and antimalarials were allowed. Prolonged CR or LDA was defined as those with sustained CR or LDA for at least one year. The association between disease activity status and HRQoL was assessed by using regression analysis adjusting for other covariates. Results Of 237 SLE patients, 100 patients (42.2%) achieved prolonged CR, 46 patients (19.4%) achieved prolonged LDA and 91 patients (38.4%) were not in CR/LDA. Non-CR/LDA patients had significantly higher total SLEQoL score and in all domains compared to CR/LDA patients. No significant difference in SLEQoL domain scores was found between CR and LDA groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that non-CR/LDA was positively associated with SLEQoL score compared with CR/LDA (β 20.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.81–33.23, p < 0.003). Moreover, non-CR/LDA was at a higher risk of impaired QoL (SLEQoL score > 80) compared with CR (hazard ratio 3.8; 95% CI 1.82–7.95; p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between CR and LDA in terms of SLEQoL score or impaired QoL. Other factors associated with higher SLEQoL score were damage index (β 9.51, 95% CI 3.52–15.49, p = 0.002) and anemia (β 24.99, 95% CI 5.71–44.27, p = 0.01). Conclusion Prolonged CR and LDA are associated with better HRQoL in SLE patients and have a comparable effect. Prolonged CR or optional LDA may be used as the treatment goal of a treat to target approach in SLE.
The Contribution of a Charitable Organization to Regional Cleft Lip and Palate Services in England and Scotland
Authors: Stock Nicola Marie , Guest Ella , Stoneman Kate , Ridley Matthew , Evans Claire , LeRoy Cherry , Anwar Hamza , McCarthy Gillian , Cunniffe Claire , Rumsey Nichola 
Published: July 2019

Background: From diagnosis through to adulthood, a cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) poses a number of challenges for those affected. Alongside the care provided by clinical teams, complementary information and support is offered by charitable organizations. In 2011, the Cleft Lip and Palate Association received funding to implement a new regional service across England and Scotland, with the aim of increasing support at a local level. The Centre for Appearance Research at the University of the West of England were commissioned to conduct an independent evaluation of the service over 7 years. Methods: A pragmatic, mixed-methods approach was utilized to assess the impact of the service from the perspective of charity volunteers; children, young people, and adults with CL/P; caregivers; and clinicians. Feedback forms were distributed to stakeholders at a variety of events, and qualitative feedback was collected via focus groups and an online survey. Results: The majority of participants indicated they had gained access to a local support network, felt more able to cope with CL/P-related challenges, and felt more confident in themselves. Qualitative investigation provided further support for these findings and highlighted additional benefits of the regional service for clinical teams. Conclusions: The evaluation provides encouraging evidence toward the contribution of a relatively small charitable organization in the context of cleft care. The importance of a pragmatic approach to community-based evaluation and the benefits of collaborative working between researchers and the charitable sector were also highlighted.
Telerehabilitation benefits patients with multiple sclerosis in an urban setting
Authors: Shaw Michael T , Best Pamela , Frontario Ariana , Charvet Leigh E 
Published: July 2019

Introduction People living with multiple sclerosis (MS) often require rehabilitation to manage their symptoms. Telerehabilitation offers improved access to treatment options by reducing travel time and cost. Our telerehabilitation program pairs training exercises simultaneously with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. In the current study, we characterized the benefits of our remotely supervised tDCS (RS-tDCS) at-home telerehabilitation protocol in an urban sample of MS participants. Methods Participants with MS were recruited to complete a telerehabilitation trial using tDCS paired with cognitive rehabilitation at-home using remote supervision (RS-tDCS). Participant time and travel costs for study visits to our clinic in midtown New York City were calculated. Results Forty-four patients with MS (aged 18 to 71) with mild to severe neurologic disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale score median = 3.5, range: 0.0 to 8.0) completed the survey. Round-trip clinic attendance required 2.3 ± 2.3 h and US $27.04 ± 38.13 for out-of-pocket expenses. Participants rated difficulty of clinic attendance as moderately to significantly difficult (2.5 ± 1.3). Severity of neurologic disability accounted for the greatest variance in difficulty attending clinic (30%, p < 0.001). RS-tDCS had 95% treatment compliance and 93% of participants reported satisfaction with the at-home treatment. Discussion Attending clinic is associated with significant costs for patients with neurologic disorders, even in urban settings. Rehabilitation can be delivered at home and supervised in real-time via videoconference.
Working with Deafblind people to develop a good practice approach
Authors: Roy Alana , McVillly Keith R , Crisp Beth R 
Published: July 2019

Summary There is growing recognition of the importance in social research and social policy development of engaging with people with lived experience and using intervention approaches characterised by co-design and co-production. However, the inclusion of some minority groups such as those who are Deafblind has proven challenging. Working from the perspective of Appreciative Inquiry, a qualitative research methodology called The World Café was used to generate patterns of insight and collective discoveries from Deafblind participants. Data from The Deafblind World Café were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Findings Four themes were produced that could inform the development of a good practice model for engaging with people who are Deafblind: Being Deafblind – it’s who we are, not what we are; we welcome co-production with outsiders who are prepared to make the effort to become insiders; being culturally inclusive is about both what you say and what you do; and listen to our story – don’t try to count it. Applications Group-based and interactive approaches, such as World Café, though challenging, can be successfully adapted for those who are Deafblind. How this might be up-scaled is yet to be explored.
Introduction and Purpose of the Issue
Authors: Baker Rose M. 
Published: July 2019

The Problem This issue of Advances in Developing Human Resources addresses the establishment of a research agenda for theories and constructs selected from established theories from other fields of study, which are related to elements of the study of human resource development (HRD). Several of the theories or constructs were selected for inclusion in this issue based on prior publications in Academy of Human Resource Development (AHRD)–sponsored journals in which authors suggested the use of the theory to advance the theory, research, and practice in HRD. Other theories and constructs were inspired to be included by calls for interdisciplinary and multi-paradigmatic empirical research from journals within the economics, management, organizational psychology, and sociology fields of study. The Solution Integrated, systematic, or theoretical literature reviews were conducted for each of the selected theories or constructs. Models, research propositions, and research agendas were developed to provide recommendations for the development of research designs and protocols. The goal of the implementation of the research agendas is to advance the theoretical foundations of HRD. The Stakeholders This issue is expected to benefit HRD researchers and HRD practitioners by providing suggestions for empirical research studies to be conducted to explore HRD-related concepts using the theories selected and to establish interdisciplinary and multi-paradigmatic research opportunities.
Toward Agentic HRD: A Translational Model of Albert Bandura’s Human Agency Theory
Authors: Yoon Hyung Joon 
Published: July 2019

The ProblemAlbert Bandura has refined a theory of human agency with three modes and four core properties within social cognitive theory. Human agency plays a critical role in one’s adaptation, self-development, and self-renewal. Despite its relevance to human resource development (HRD), human agency theory has not been explored or effectively utilized in HRD research and practice.The SolutionFollowing Bandura’s human agency theory, a translational and implementational model for HRD was proposed. First, the model integrated the four core properties of human agency (intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness) into a model by altering the sequence to align with major HRD processes. Second, it synthesized triadic reciprocal determinism with the four core properties of human agency by placing the agent at the center of the model. Third, it is an open systems model that describes reciprocal determinism between the agent and the environment at micro, meso, and macro levels, indicating the dynamics of personal, proxy, and collective agency.The StakeholdersThe model will be useful for career practitioners, coaches, organization development consultants, and other HRD professionals who deliver interventions. HRD researchers and theorists may find it worthwhile to test and validate the model. In addition, regardless of disciplines, researchers, and practitioners who follow social cognitive theory may find some insights from the translational model.
Is it necessary to show virtual limbs in action observation neurorehabilitation systems?
Authors: Modroño Cristián , Bermúdez Sergi , Cameirão Mónica , Pereira Fábio , Paulino Teresa , Marcano Francisco , Hernández-Martín Estefanía , Plata-Bello Julio , Palenzuela Nereida , Núñez-Pádron Daniel , Pérez-González José M , González-Mora José L 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Action observation neurorehabilitation systems are usually based on the observation of a virtual limb performing different kinds of actions. In this way, the activity in the frontoparietal Mirror Neuron System is enhanced, which can be helpful to rehabilitate stroke patients. However, the presence of limbs in such systems might not be necessary to produce mirror activity, for example, frontoparietal mirror activity can be produced just by the observation of virtual tool movements. The objective of this work was to explore to what point the presence of a virtual limb impacts the Mirror Neuron System activity in neurorehabilitation systems. Methods The study was conducted by using an action observation neurorehabilitation task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment with healthy volunteers and comparing two action observation conditions that: 1 – included or 2 – did not include a virtual limb. Results It was found that activity in the Mirror Neuron System was similar during both conditions (i.e. virtual limb present or absent). Conclusions These results open up the possibility of using new tasks that do not include virtual limbs in action observation neurorehabilitation environments, which can give more freedom to develop such systems.
Ten Years of Data Verification: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database Audits
Authors: Overman David M. , Jacobs Marshall L. , O’Brien James E. , Kumar S. Ram , Mayer John E. , Ebel Angela , Clarke David R. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. 
Published: July 2019

Background: The completeness and accuracy of data contained within clinical databases and registries is critical to the reliability of reports emanating from these platforms. Therefore, vigorous data verification processes are a core competency of any mature database or registry. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database (STS CHSD) has conducted audits of participant data for just over ten years. This report documents the validity of data elements within the STS CHSD. Methods: We review the various elements of a robust audit process, detail the STS CHSD audit methodology, and report completeness and agreement rates for all adjudicated fields in the most recently completed audit. Results: The rate of completeness for general data elements was 97.6% and the rate of agreement was 97.4%. The rate of completeness for variables in the mortality review was 100% and the rate of agreement was 99.3%. Conclusions: The STS CHSD audit is a highly structured and reproducible process. The most recently completed audit documents a very high level of completeness and accuracy of data variables, particularly those most germane to outcomes measurement.
Developing High Medical Technology, a Challenge for Developing Countries: The Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defects Using Nit-Occlud ASD-R: Early and Mid-term Results
Authors: Heath Alexandra , Alvensleben Inge von , Navarro Joaquin , Echazú Gabriel , Kozlik-Feldmann Rainer , Freudenthal Franz 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the Nit-Occlud ASD-R (PFM S.R.L, La Paz, Bolivia) in the percutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD). Patients and Methods: Fifty-three consecutive patients with median age of 11 years (range 3-67) and mean weight 27.1 kg (range 13-75 kg), treated in two cardiology centers between May 2007 and March 2011. Results: Mean fluoroscopy time was 14 minutes (5-53), mean procedure time was 70 minutes (45-150), mean defect size, as measured by the stop-flow technique, was 17.8 mm (5.6-31), and mean stent size of the implanted device was 18 mm (6-28), which is 0.98 times the defect size. Successful closure of the ASD without major complications was achieved in 49 of 53 patients. In 71.4% of patients in whom device implantation was accomplished, there was no evidence of a persistent shunt at the completion of the procedure. This closure rate increased to 91.7% after 24 hours, with 95.8% closure after three months and 100% closure after six months. Device embolization occurred in one patient within 24 hours of implantation and required surgical device removal and ASD closure. There were no other major complications and no deaths during the period of follow-up (average 72 months; range 59-105 months). Conclusion: The Nit-Occlud ASD-R device is safe and effective with very good closure rates.
Direct Arterial Cannulation Allows Easy and Safe Continuous Selective Cerebral Perfusion During Repair of Interrupted Aortic Arch Even for Low Birth Weight Neonates
Authors: Chen Qiang , Caputo Massimo , Stoica Serban , Lansdowne William , Parry Andrew J. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To review the outcomes of direct innominate artery cannulation for continuous cerebral perfusion used for repair of interrupted aortic arch (IAA) in a consecutive cohort of neonates regardless of weight. Methods: Between September 1999 and April 2016, forty-four children with IAA (18 type A and 26 type B) underwent repair using continuous, hypothermic (18°C) low-flow cerebral perfusion via direct innominate artery cannulation. Associated cardiac lesions were truncus arteriosus (TA; 5), ventricular septal defect (VSD; 30), transposition of the great arteries (TGA; 1), unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect (1), double-inlet left ventricle (1), double-outlet right ventricle (3), and aortopulmonary window (APW; 5). Truncus arteriosus, single VSD, TGA, and APW were corrected while the other patients were palliated. Results: Age at the time of surgery was 7 days (4-120 days) and weight 3.1 kg (2.1-5.8 kg). Selective cerebral perfusion was maintained in all patients. During the selective cerebral perfusion, perfusion flow rate was maintained at 30 mL/kg/min. Aortic cross-clamp time, low-flow, and total cardiopulmonary bypass time were 63 (40-116), 28 (17-41), and 108 (80-217) minutes, respectively. There were no deaths nor clinical evidence of neurological injury. Postoperative ventilation time, length of intensive care unit, and hospital stay were 3 (2-14), 5 (3-21), and 13 (6-27) days, respectively. Follow-up, complete at 84 months (24-221), revealed no late clinically evident neurologic sequelae nor innominate artery complications. Conclusions: Direct innominate arterial cannulation with continuous selective cerebral perfusion can be safely applied for repair of IAA even in low birth weight neonates. It is technically simple and associated with excellent clinical outcomes.
Impact of High-Risk Characteristics in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Salve Gananjay G. , Datar Gauri M. , Perumal Gopinath , Singh Aakansha Ajay Vir , Ayer Julian G. , Roberts Philip , Sholler Gary F. , Cole Andrew D. , Pigott Nick , Loughran-Fowlds Alison , Weatherall Andrew , Alahakoon T. Indika , Orr Yishay , Nicholson Ian A. , Winlaw David S. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) presents many challenges. We describe our institutional outcomes for management of patients with HLHS over the past 12 years and highlight our strategy for those with highly restrictive/intact interatrial septum (R/I-IAS). Methods: Eighty-eight neonates with HLHS underwent surgical treatment, divided equally into Era-I (n = 44, April 2006 to February 2013) and Era-II (n = 44, March 2013 to June 2018). Up to 2013, all patients with R/I-IAS were delivered at an adjacent adult hospital and then moved to our hospital for intensive care and management. From 2014, these patients were delivered at a co-located theatre in our hospital with immediate atrial septectomy. The hybrid approach was occasionally used with preference for the Norwood procedure for suitable candidates. Results: One-year survival after Norwood procedure was 62.5% and 80% for Era-I and Era-II ( P = not significant (ns)), respectively, and 41% of patients were categorized as high risk using conventional criteria. Survival at 1 year differed significantly between high-risk and standard-risk patients ( P = 0.01). For high-risk patients, survival increased from 42% to 65% between eras ( P = ns). In the R/I-IAS subgroup (n = 15), 11 underwent Norwood procedure after emergency atrial septectomy. Of these, seven born at the adjacent adult hospital had 40% survival to stage II versus 60% for the four born at the colocated theatre. Delivery in a colocated theatre reduced the birth-to-cardiopulmonary bypass median time from 445 (150-660) to 62 (52-71) minutes. Conclusion: Reported surgical outcomes are comparable to multicenter reports and international databases. Proactive management for risk factors such as R/I-IAS may contribute to improved overall outcomes.
Proximal Arch in Left Thoracotomy Repair of Neonatal and Infant Coarctation—How Small Is Too Small?
Authors: Callahan Connor P. , Saudek David , Creighton Sara , Kuhn Evelyn M. , Mitchell Michael E. , Tweddell James S. , Woods Ronald K. 
Published: July 2019

Background: We sought to evaluate the relationship between proximal arch hypoplasia and reintervention for left thoracotomy repair of coarctation of the aorta. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 153 consecutive neonates and infants undergoing left thoracotomy and extended end-to-end repair of coarctation from January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2014, at a single center with exclusion of single ventricle–palliated patients. Primary outcome was reintervention evaluated with respect to five definitions of proximal arch hypoplasia. Results: Median follow-up was 7.2 years. Reintervention occurred in eight (5.2%) patients, with 50% of patients undergoing re-intervention in the first six months after their index operation. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test, with hypoplasia defined by weight, hypoplasia was not associated with increased reintervention for arch size < patient weight (in kilograms; P = .24) or for arch size < patient weight (in kilograms) +1 ( P = .02, higher freedom from reintervention in hypoplasia group). For each of the five comparison groups, freedom from reintervention was similar between the groups with and without proximal arch hypoplasia: (1) z-score < −2 versus ≥−2 ( P = .72), (2) z-score < −3 versus ≥−3 ( P = .95), and (3) z-score < −4 versus ≥−4 ( P = .17). Conclusion: In our cohort of patients with left thoracotomy and extended end-to-end repair of coarctation, proximal arch hypoplasia, defined by various weight-based or z-score thresholds, was not associated with reintervention. While this may imply value to a more liberal use of thoracotomy, confirmation requires longer term follow-up with a more comprehensive evaluation of the patients and their arches.