bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Constitutional Changes in Poland Against the Background of Polish Political and Legal Traditions
Authors: Rytel-Warzocha Anna , Szmyt Andrzej 
Published: July 2019

The article is dedicated to the assessment of the current constitutional changes in Poland and viewing them to explain them in the context of Polish political and legal traditions. The adoption of the Constitution in 1997, based on the principles of political pluralism, democratic rule of law and division of powers, fished the process of the democratic transformation. However, in 2015, by way of statutory legislation and constitutional practice, in cooperation with the President, the new ruling forces started the process of the destruction of Polish constitutional system. A reference to the interwar period is an important motive for the ideology of the leader of the current ruling majority. On the other hand, the concept of the ‘political decision-making centre’ of the state located outside the state apparatus is anchored in the facade of constitutional solutions from the period of the socialist system.
“The Political Platform of the Latvian People’s Council” of 17 November 1918 as the Founder of the Gender Equality Tradition in Latvia Within the Discourse of European Ideas on Gender Equality
Authors: Osipova Sanita 
Published: July 2019

The paper focuses on gender equality tradition in Latvia within the discourse of European ideas on gender equality, researching the avenues whereby the political forces decided to give women a political rights at the time of establishing the Republic of Latvia. The analysis leads to a conclusion that the Republic of Latvia joined the group of countries – trailblazers, which at the end of World War I, in establishing, transforming or restoring their statehood, founded a state with a democratic structure and legally enshrined civil society, recognising women as its members with full political rights. The author also challenges a thesis that the society, even after women have been granted full political rights by law, is not in a hurry to change gender statuses and the model of the family.
Características diferenciales de la hepatitis autoinmune en adultos mayores colombianos: estudio de cohorte
Authors: Díaz Ramírez Gabriel Sebastian , Martínez Casas Omar Yesid , Marín Zuluaga Juan Ignacio , Donado Gómez Jorge Hernando , Muñoz Maya Octavio , Santos Sánchez Oscar , Restrepo Gutiérrez Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2019

Introducción: en la hepatitis autoinmune (HAI), los ancianos representan una población especial debido a que, según se ha descrito, poseen una predisposición mediada por el antígeno leucocitario humano (Human Leukocyte Antigen, HLA) y padecen un curso indolente y progresivo de la enfermedad. No se conocen datos en la población latinoamericana.
Objetivos: Analizar comparativamente las características de los pacientes con HAI mayores y menores de 65 años en cuanto a su presentación clínica, diagnóstico, tratamiento, respuesta al tratamiento y curso de la enfermedad.
Métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con HAI evaluados entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2016. Se realizó un análisis estadístico utilizando el programa SPSS versión 20.1.
Resultados: se incluyeron 214 pacientes. Los pacientes ancianos tuvieron, en su mayoría, hipertensión arterial (34,5 % frente a 15,1 %, p = 0,011), dislipidemia (20,7 % frente a 5,9 %, p = 0,006) y enfermedad cardiovascular (17,2 % frente a 2,7 %, p = 0,001). Además, al momento del diagnóstico, los pacientes ancianos tuvieron una mayor frecuencia de cirrosis evaluada histológica y radiológicamente (55,1 % frente a 33,5 %, p = 0,024). Los pacientes mayores tuvieron una mayor remisión bioquímica con el tratamiento (100 % frente a 83,9 %, p = 0,022). No hubo diferencias en la analítica hepática, autoanticuerpos, tipo de tratamiento farmacológico recibido, recaídas, efectos adversos relacionados con el tratamiento, requerimiento de trasplante hepático y muerte.
Conclusión: La HAI afecta a población colombiana adulta de todas las edades y debe ser considerada en el abordaje diagnóstico de los ancianos con enfermedad hepática, debido a que este grupo de pacientes tiene una mayor frecuencia de cirrosis al momento del diagnóstico. Un diagnóstico temprano es importante debido a que el tratamiento es efectivo y bien tolerado
Eficacia y seguridad de 3 esquemas para la preparación del colon para colonoscopia (Polietilenglicol (PEG) 4 litros (dosis única) vs PEG 4 litros dividido (2L+2L) vs PEG 2 litros dividido volumen bajo (1L + 1L): Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado
Authors: Carvajal Patiño Germán David , Aponte Marín Diego Mauricio , Ibañez Pinilla Milciades , Prieto-Ortíz Robin Germán , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos , González Salazar Carlos Arturo , Preciado Aponte Javier Alberto , Rocha Rodríguez Jose Nicolás , Reyes Medina Gustavo Adolfo , Romero González Juan Manuel , Echeverry Arguello Diana Carolina , Sabbagh Sanvicente Luis Carlos 
Published: July 2019

Introducción: la colonoscopia es el examen estándar de oro para evaluar la mucosa del colon. De la limpieza del colon en la preparación intestinal para colonoscopia depende el hallazgo de pólipos, que pueden ser adenomatosos con potencial maligno y con la posibilidad de degenerarse en cáncer de colon.
Objetivo: comparar la eficacia y la seguridad de tres tipos de preparaciones para la limpieza del colon: dosis única de polietilenglicol (PEG) 4 litros (4 L) y dosis divididas: PEG 4 L dividido (2 L + 2 L) y PEG 2 L dividido (1 L + 1 L) de volumen bajo.
Métodos: en pacientes con una colonoscopia electiva de una clínica universitaria, se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado y ciego (para el médico que evaluó la limpieza del colon). Se asignaron 74 pacientes para cada grupo. El parámetro principal de eficacia fue la preparación integral de calidad adecuada medida con la escala de Boston, y los parámetros secundarios fueron el porcentaje de eventos adversos, la tolerabilidad y la tasa de detección de pólipos.
Resultados: la preparación completa de todo el colon fue significativamente de mayor la calidad en la alternativa de 4 L divididos (2 L + 2 L), seguida de la otra alternativa dividida (1 L + 1 L) y menor en la dosis única (79,7 %, 75,7 % y 63,5 %, respectivamente, p = 0,019); también se encontraron diferencias en la detección de pólipos (13,5 %, 24,3 % y 9,5 %, p = 0,037) y sin diferencias en la presentación de al menos un evento adverso (p = 0,254) ni en la tolerabilidad (p = 0,640).
Conclusiones: las dos preparaciones de dosis dividida tienen una mayor eficacia en la limpieza del colon en comparación con la dosis única de 4 L y en la detección de pólipos, mientras que no se evidencian diferencias en las preparaciones para la ocurrencia de eventos adversos y la tolerabilidad. La dosis de PEG 2 L dividido puede ser una muy buena opción para las preparaciones de colonoscopia electiva.
Cáncer gástrico: una enfermedad prevenible. Estrategias para intervención en la historia natural
Authors: Oliveros Ricardo , Pinilla Morales Raúl Eduardo , Facundo Navia Helena , Sánchez Pedraza Ricardo 
Published: July 2019

El cáncer gástrico es un problema de salud pública. Las cifras de mortalidad y supervivencia son impresentables en nuestro país. En Colombia no existe ningún programa ni estrategias de diagnóstico temprano, ni tampoco es priorizado como un problema de salud. Los trabajos existentes demuestran que la mayoría de los pacientes cuando son diagnosticados presentan estadios avanzados.
Un 90 % de los canceres gástricos se consideran consecuencia de un largo proceso inflamatorio sobre la mucosa gástrica. La infección por Helicobacter pylori es la principal etiología de la gastritis, la cual puede progresar a atrofia, metaplasia, displasia y cáncer. La atrofia gástrica establece un campo de cancerización más propenso a cambios moleculares y fenotípicos que terminan en un cáncer en crecimiento. Es claro que la historia natural proporciona un racional entendimiento clínico patológico para estrategias de prevención primaria y secundaria. Una evidencia bien establecida demuestra que la combinación de las estrategias primarias (erradicación del H. pylori) y secundarias (diagnóstico y seguimiento endoscópico de lesiones premalignas) pueden prevenir o limitar la progresión de la carcinogénesis gástrica. El riesgo de cáncer gástrico asociado con la gastritis por H. pylori puede ser estratificado de acuerdo con la gravedad y extensión de la atrofia de la mucosa gástrica. Esta aproximación está adaptada a diferentes países, de acuerdo con su incidencia específica de cáncer gástrico, condición socioeconómica y factores culturales, que requiere de la participación complementaria de los gastroenterólogos, los cirujanos, los oncólogos y patólogos.
Frente a este problema de salud pública no hay ninguna acción por parte de las autoridades de salud ni del gremio médico. Por tanto, se revisan las estrategias de manejo que permitan intervenir la historia natural de la enfermedad con el objetivo de disminuir la incidencia y mortalidad.
La implementación y estandarización de estas estrategias de manejo en nuestro medio podrán beneficiar a los pacientes con riesgo incrementado para cáncer gástrico y pueden implementarse (en países sin programas de tamizaje) de una forma racional, similar a como se está haciendo con el cáncer colorrectal, en todo el mundo.
Ortaokul Hukuk ve Adalet Dersi Öğretim Programına İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: İRŞİ Eser , SÖNMEZ Ömer Faruk 
Published: July 2019

Hukuk ve Adalet Dersi Öğretim
Programı 2013-2014 eğitim öğretim yılından itibaren ortaokul 6. ve 7. seçmeli olarak okutulan bir derstir. Öğretim
programı kapsamında öğrenciler de hukuk ve adalet bilincinin geliştirilmesi,
hukuk okuryazarlıklarının geliştirilmesi gibi bilgi ve becerilerin
kazandırılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Çalışma kapsamında Ortaokul
Seçmeli Hukuk ve Adalet dersi öğretim programı öğeleri öğretmen görüşlerine
göre değerlendirilmiştir.

Araştırmada tarama modeli
kullanılmıştır. Nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden çalışmada
yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini ülkemiz çapında hukuk ve adalet dersini
okutan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma örneklemi
ülkemizde 55 ilde görev yapan 268 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırma verileri araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Hukuk ve Adalet Dersi
Öğretim Programı Öğretmen Görüşleri Anketi ile elde edilmiştir. Ankette yer
alan nicel veriler SPSS 22.0 istatistik analiz programı ile nitel maddelere
ilişkin yanıtlar ise içerik analizi tema ve kategorilere ayrılarak, tablo ve
grafikler haline getirilmiştir. Bu tablo ve grafikler yorumlanmıştır.

Araştırma kapsamında elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, sosyal bilgiler. öğretmenlerine göre hukuk ve adalet
dersi öğrencilerde hukuk ve adalet bilincinin yerleşmesine katkı sağlamış, öğrencilerin
kurallara uyma davranışında artış yaşanmış ve hukuksal kavramalara yönelik
farkındalık artmıştır. Öğretmenlerce içeriğin ve bazı kavramların öğrenci hazırbulunuşluğuna
uygun olamadığı yönünde görüşler ifade edilmiştir.
Karakteristik dan Aspek Hukum dalam Kewirausahaan
Authors: Rahim Wahida 
Published: July 2019

Kewirausahaan (entrepreneurship) adalah proses menciptakan sesuatu yang lain secara kreatif dan inovatif dengan memanfaatkan peluang yang tersedia. Atau dengan kata lain, kewirausahaan merupakan kemampuan kreatif dan inovatif dari seseorang yang dijadikan dasar dan sumber daya untuk mencari peluang menuju sukses. Kewirausahaan dalam Islam merupakan sesuatu yang sangat dianjurkan. Allah swt. menyukai orang yang kuat dan mau berusaha serta mampu menciptakan kreasi baru yang lebih baik untuk kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat. Hal terpenting yang harus diperhatikan dalam memulai sebuah usaha adalah membentuk badan hukum, yang merupakan dasar dalam memulai sebuah bisnis. Keberadaan badan hukum akan melindungi usaha yang dijalankan oleh seseorang dari segala tuntutan akibat aktivitas yang dijalankan.Entrepreneurship is the process to create other things creatively and innovatively by using provided opportunity. In other words, entrepreneurship is creative and innovative ability of someone which is being as a base and resource in looking for oppotunity to be success. In our religion, Islam, entrepreneurship is a very advised work. Our God, Allah almighty, likes strong and hard workers and also people who are able to create new and better creations in their life for their happiness on this world and the hereafter. The most important thing that we have to be considered in starting a business is legality of the business by making a corporation first to protect the business from all risks that can happens.
Sensitivity Analysis of Internally Reinforced Thin-Walled Hollow-Box Beams Subjected to Uncoupled Bending and Torsion
Authors: Silva Hugo Miguel , Wojewoda Jerzy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this work, novel types of internally reinforced hollow-box beams were subjected to bending loading and studied using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. A parameterization of 3 geometric variables was performed, and deflection and effective deflection results were collected from 2 points at the model. The sensitivity analysis results are then discussed, with the aim of concluding if the selected design variables are adequate for optimization purposes.
An Analysis and Modeling of the Dynamic Stability of the Cutting Process Against Self-Excited Vibration
Authors: Motallebia A. , Doniavi A. , Sahebi Y. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Chatter is a self-excited vibration that depends on several parameters such as the dynamic characteristics of a machine tool structure, the material of work piece, the material removal rate, and the geometry of tools. Chatter has an undesirable effect on dimensional accuracy, smoothness of work piece surface, lifetime of tools and machine tools. Thus, it is useful to understand this phenomenon in order to improve the economic aspect of machining. In the present article, firstly, the theoretical study and mathematical modeling of chatter in the cutting process were carried out. Then, by performing modal testing on a milling machine and drawing chatter stability diagrams, we determined the stability regions of the machine tool operation and recognized the parameter that had the most important effect on chatter.
Optimization of the Process Parameters of Resistance Spot Welding of AISI 316l Sheets Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Muthu P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a fabrication process that is being used in the automobile and aerospace industry since many years for joining low carbon or “mild” steel. Quality and strength of the welds depend upon the process parameters of RSW. The most effective parameters in this process are: current intensity, welding time, sheet thickness and material, geometry of electrodes, electrode force, and current shunting. This paper presents the experimental investigations for the optimization of tensile shear stress of RSW for stainless steel grade 316L sheets by using Taguchi method. The experiments were conducted using Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array under varying process parameters, namely electrode diameter, welding current, and heating time. The experimental data were analyzed using signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) to find the optimal process parameters. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and F test were used to find the most significant parameters affecting the spot weld quality characteristics. Confirmation tests with optimal process parameters were conducted to validate the test results. From the results, it was found that it is possible to increase tensile shear stress significantly.
Response of thermoelastic microbeam with double porosity structure due to pulsed laser heating
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Vohra Richa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present investigation is concerned with vibration phenomenon of a homogeneous, isotropic thermoelastic microbeam with double porosity (TDP) structure induced by pulsed laser heating, in the context of Lord– Shulman theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time. Laplace transform technique has been applied to obtain the expressions for lateral deflection, axial stress, axial displacement, volume fraction field, and temperature distribution. The resulting quantities are recovered in the physical domain by a numerical inversion technique. Variations of axial displacement, axial stress, lateral deflection, volume fraction field, and temperature distribution with axial distance are depicted graphically to show the effect of porosity and laser intensity parameter. Some particular cases are also deduced.
UJI ANTIFUNGAL SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CANDIDA ALBICANS BERDASARKAN PERUBAHAN SUHU DAN LAMA PEMANASAN
Authors: Mubarak Zaki , . Khairina 
Published: July 2019

Prevalensi infeksi fungal oportunistik semakin meningkat terutama kandidiasis oral yang disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Salah satu alternatif pengobatan antifungal yang bersumber dari hewani adalah susu kambing. Secara umum susu yang digunakan sebagai bahan aktif antifungal terlebih dahulu dilakukan pasteurisasi, baik Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT) maupun High Temperature Short Time (HTST). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antifungal susu kambing Peranakan Etawa terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans berdasarkan perubahan suhu dan lama pemanasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standard Plate Count (SPC) dengan 4 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu K1 susu pasteurisasi LTLT, K2 susu pasteurisasi HTST, K3 kontrol positif, K4 kontrol negatif dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah rata-rata koloni Candida albicans pada pengenceran 10-3 dengan perlakuan susu pasteurisasi LTLT adalah 14,33 x 103 CFU/mL, pada susu pasteurisasi HTST 21 x 103 CFU/mL, pada kontrol positif 5,67 x 103 CFU/mL, sedangkan pada kontrol negatif 29 x 103 CFU/mL. Data hasil perhitungan dianalisis dengan ANOVA dengan α=0,05 dan dilanjutkan dengan Least Significance Difference (LSD). Berdasarkan hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa susu kambing Peranakan Etawa dengan pasteurisasi HTST dan LTLT dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans, namun antara kelompok susu pasteurisasi LTLT dan HTST tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna. Kata kunci : Antifungal, Candida albicans, susu kambing.
PERANCANGAN KURIKULUM SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN SEBAGAI PRANATA BUDAYA KERJA
Authors: Sutjipto  
Published: July 2019

This study is to describe comprehensively the design of vocational high school curriculum as a work culture institution. The results of the study five things. First, the important content of work culture values for vocational school students. Second, curriculum developers are encouraged to modify the work culture, which leads to the values of hard work, work ethic, discipline, responsibility, creativity, cooperation, morality, to ethical and aesthetic standards. Third, curriculum developers are encouraged to redefine the essence of industrial work practices carried out by students. Fourth, the growth of work culture in schools is designed with shared commitment through systems, structures, regulations, and daily practices. Fifth, strengthening the work culture can be implemented in two ways, namely internalizing the values of work culture and creating a friendly school environment with a work culture. Study it conclude that the design of the vocational high school curriculum must generate students with capability in transforming moral and performance-based work culture institutions.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif perancangan kurikulum sekolah menengah kejuruan sebagai pranata budaya kerja. Hasil pengkajian terkait dengan perancangan kurikulum sekolah menengah kejuruan, diperoleh lima hal. Pertama, muatan nilai-nilai budaya kerja bagi peserta didik sekolah menengah kejuruan penting. Kedua, pengembang kurikulum didorong untuk mengoreksi kembali pranata budaya kerja, yang mengarah pada nilai-nilai kerja keras, etos kerja, disiplin, tanggung jawab, kreativitas, kerja sama, moralitas, hingga standar etika dan estetika. Ketiga, pengembang kurikulum didorong untuk merumuskan ulang secara jelas esensi dari praktik kerja industri yang dilakukan peserta didik. Keempat, penumbuhan budaya kerja di sekolah dirancang dengan komitmen bersama melalui sistem, struktur, peraturan, dan praktik keseharian. Kelima, untuk penguatan budaya kerja bisa dilakukan melalui dua strategi, yaitu internalisasi nilai-nilai budaya kerja dan penciptaan lingkungan sekolah yang ramah dengan budaya kerja. Dari hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perancangan kurikulum sekolah menengah kejuruan harus membawa peserta didik mampu mentransformasikan pranata budaya kerja berbasis moral dan kinerja.
Strategi Pengembangan Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Karya Harum di Desa Karang Sidemen, Lombok Tengah
Authors: ASKINA BAIQ RIA , WINDIA I WAYAN , ANGGRENI I GUSTI AYU AGUNG LIES 
Published: July 2019

Region Development Strategy for Sustainable Food Houses Program (KRPL) on Women Farmers Group Karya Harum Village of Karang Sidemen Central Lombok Regency
KRPL program is the concept of optimizing the use of yard area with a variety of crops, livestock and fish in one area.The research objective was to determine the internal and external factors and determine the development strategy KRPL program in the village of Karang Sidemen.The results of the analysis of internal factors Karya Harum group: a) the power (the availability of nurseries and mastery of technology is the most influential factor) b) weakness (the education background of KWT management is still a major factor of group weakness). External factors: a) the opportunities (the presence of a certain partner is an important factor) b) threats (the weather conditions are a threat within KRPL program development).Based on SWOT analysis, there are development strategies: a) SO strategy that is revitalizing the village seedlings (KBD) and strategy to maintain the partners, b) WO strategy is the strategy of increasing the quantity of cultivation of plants and training strategy of product development of the product of the yard, c)ST strategy namely water and hydroponics harvesting technology extension strategies to the group, d) WT strategy is stimulant strategy. Priority of strategy can be done by reviving the KBD and maintaining partners.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa dengan Usaha Kuliner Tradisional pada Kelompok Boga Ganesha Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: SUDANA MADE , PUTRA I GEDE SETIAWAN ADI , PARINING NYOMAN 
Published: July 2019

The Village Community Empowerment With Traditional Culinary Business in the Group of Boga Ganesha Buleleng
The development of fast food must be balanced with the consumption of traditional foods because fast food is allegedly to be a risk factor for the emergence of various diseases. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of IbIKK group of Boga Ganesha. The choice of location of the research was determined purposively with the consideration that the Boga Ganesha is one of the groups to empower the people with the traditional culinary efforts. The method used in collecting the data in this study was interviews with questionnaire instruments. Based on the research results, the potential of the IbIKK of Boga Ganesha is a kosher, hygienic and healthy traditional food processing. Behavior that was demonstrated by the members can be classified into an excellent category (4,6). The achievement of the implementation of the empowerment program that is included in the category of successful (4,2). Empowerment of program aimed to improve the quality of human resources. In this regard, members of the group should implement their skills so that they can open up business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the family. To support this, the facilitator should use the appropriate method so that all participants can obtain information equally.