bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downshifted d‐Band Center of Ru/MWCNTs by Turbostratic Carbon Nitride for Efficient and Robust Hydrogen Evolution in Alkali
Authors: Gou Wangyan , Li Jiayuan , Gao Wei , Xia Zhaoming , Zhang Sai , Ma Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRu, unlike Pt, is seldom considered as the effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the strong binding of hydrogen species on metal surface as well as the serious metal bleaching. Herein, the amorphous turbostratic‐phased carbon nitride (t‐CNx) layer was utilized to downshift the d‐band center of the Ru/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Ru/MWCNTs) hybrids to achieve the optimized hydrogen species adsorption for subsequent efficient and stabilized hydrogen evolution in alkali. The catalysts with a low Ru loading of 8 wt % presented the high HER activity with a low overpotential of 39 mV for a catalytic current density of 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 28 mV dec−1 and a stabilized catalytic performance over a period of 14 h in 1.0 M KOH, outperforming the 20 wt % Pt/C benchmarks. The thin t‐CNx layer play dual roles: (1) as the modulator of electronic structures for Ru with lower d‐band position for the enhanced activity and (2) as the protective layer to avoid the metal aggregation/bleaching and improve the catalytic stability of the hybrid catalysts subsequently.
Quality‐relevant dynamic process monitoring based on mutual information multiblock slow feature analysis
Authors: Zheng Haiyong , Jiang Qingchao , Yan Xuefeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSlow feature analysis (SFA) is an efficient technique in exploring process dynamic information and is suitable for quality‐relevant process monitoring. However, involving quality‐irrelevant variables or features may introduce redundant information and degrade the monitoring performance. A novel multiblock monitoring scheme based on mutual information (MI) and SFA is proposed to detect an efficient quality‐relevant fault for dynamic processes. First, all process variables are divided into two blocks in accordance with their MI values with quality variables. Second, slow features (SFs) of two blocks are extracted via the SFA. The SFs, which are extracted from the quality‐relevant variables, are not all related to the quality variable. Thus, these SFs are further partitioned into two blocks in accordance with their MI values with quality variables. The SFs from three blocks are obtained, and monitoring statistics are constructed. Two simulation studies, including a numerical example and Tennessee Eastman process, demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional methods.
Yellow Dioxobilin‐Type Tetrapyrroles from Chlorophyll Breakdown in Higher Plants—A New Class of Colored Phyllobilins
Authors: Li Chengjie , Erhart Theresia , Liu Xiujun , Kräutler Bernhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn senescent leaves chlorophyll (Chl) catabolites typically accumulate as colorless tetrapyrroles, classified as formyloxobilin‐type (or type‐I) or dioxobilin‐type (type‐II) phyllobilins (PBs). Yellow type‐I Chl catabolites (YCCs) also occur in some senescent leaves, in which they are generated by oxidation of colorless type‐I PBs. A yellow type‐II PB was recently proposed to occur in extracts of fall leaves of grapevine (Vitis vinifera), tentatively identified by its mass and UV/Vis absorption characteristics. Here, the first synthesis of a yellow type‐II Chl catabolite (DYCC) from its presumed natural colorless type‐II precursor is reported. A homogenate of a Spatiphyllum wallisii leaf was used as “green” means of effective and selective oxidation. The synthetic DYCC was fully characterized and identified with the yellow grapevine leaf pigment. As related yellow type‐I PBs do, the DYCC functions as a reversible photoswitch by undergoing selective photo‐induced Z/E isomerization of its C15=C16 bond.
Hypervalent Iodine(III)‐Mediated Counteranion Controlled Intramolecular Annulation of Exocyclic β‐Enaminone to Carbazolone and Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine Synthesis
Authors: Bhattacherjee Dhananjay , Ram Shankar , Chauhan Arvind Singh , Yamini  , Sheetal  , Das Pralay 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA highly efficient and flexible protocol for intramolecular annulation of exocyclic β‐enaminones has been disclosed for the synthesis of carbazolones and imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines through a counter‐anion‐controlled free‐radical mechanism promoted by hypervalent iodine(III). The cooperative behavior of HTIB and AgSbF6 plays a crucial role in the intramolecular annulation process through C−C and C−N bond formation to give the desired products. The mechanistic insights suggest that the two competitive reactions involved in the system are guided by the nature of the counteranion, which determines the formation of the final products. A wide variety of carbazolones and imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine molecules have been prepared and isolated in good to excellent yields.
Simple Endotoxin Detection Using Polymyxin‐B‐Gated Nanoparticles
Authors: Otri Ismael , El Sayed Sameh , Medaglia Serena , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Aznar Elena , Sancenón Félix 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA nanodevice based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles with rhodamine B in the pore framework, functionalized with carboxylates on the outer surface and capped with the cationic polymyxin B peptide, was used to selectively detect endotoxin in aqueous solutions with a limit of detection in the picomolar range.
Chasing BODIPY: Enhancement of Luminescence in Homoleptic Bis(dipyrrinato) ZnII Complexes Utilizing Symmetric and Unsymmetrical Dipyrrins
Authors: Tungulin Dmitry , Leier Julia , Carter Anthony B. , Powell Annie K. , Albuquerque Rodrigo Q. , Unterreiner Andreas N. , Bizzarri Claudia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDipyrromethene metal complexes are fascinating molecules that have applications as light‐harvesting systems, luminophores, and laser dyes. Recently, it has been shown that structurally rigid bis(dipyrrinato) zinc(II) complexes exhibit high fluorescence with comparable quantum yields to those of boron dipyrromethenes or BODIPYs. Herein, eight new bis(dipyrrinato) ZnII complexes, obtained from symmetric and unsymmetrical functionalization of the dipyrromethene structure through a Knoevenagel reaction, are reported. It was possible not only to vary the maximum visible absorption from 490 to 630 nm, but also to enhance the emission quantum yield up to 66 %, which is extraordinarily high for homoleptic bis(dipyrrinato) zinc complexes. These results pave the way for designing highly luminescent bis(dipyrrinato) zinc complexes.
Highly Transparent, Flexible, and Mechanically Strong Nanopapers of Cellulose Nanofibers @Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhou Shengyang , Strømme Maria , Xu Chao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFreestanding nanopapers were fabricated by the assembly of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) onto cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The CNFs are wrapped by continuously nucleated MOF layers (CNF@MOF) by interfacial synthesis, with the charge density on the surface of the CNFs and the dosage of the surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) being carefully adjusted. The obtained CNF@MOF nanofibers with long‐range, continuous, hybrid nanostructures were very different to the composites formed by aggregation of MOF nanoparticles on the substrates. Four typical MOFs (HKUST‐1, Al‐MIL‐53, Zn‐MOF‐74, ZIF‐CO3‐1) were successfully grown onto CNFs in aqueous solutions and further fabricated into freestanding nanopapers. Because of their unique nanostructures and morphologies, the corresponding flexible nanopapers exhibit hierarchical meso‐micropores, high optical transparency, high thermal stability, and high mechanical strength. A proof‐of‐concept study shows that the CNF@MOF nanopapers can be used as efficient filters to separate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air. This work provides a new path for structuring MOF materials that may boost their practical application.
Exploration of Nano‐Saturns: A Spectacular Sphere–Ring Supramolecular System
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Tsurumaki Eiji 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSaturn‐like systems consisting of nanoscale rings and spheres are fascinating motifs in supramolecular chemistry. Several ring molecules are known to include spherical molecules at the center of the cavity via noncovalent attractive interactions. In this Minireview, we generalize the molecular design, the structural features, and the supramolecular chemistry of such “nano‐Saturns”, which consist of monocyclic rings and fullerene spheres (mainly C60), on the basis of previous experimental and theoretical studies. Ring molecules are classified into three types (loop, belt, and disk) according to their shapes and possible interactions. Whereas typical belt‐shaped rings tend to form tight complexes due to the wide contact area via π–π interactions, flat disk‐shaped rings generally form weak complexes due to the narrow contact area mainly via CH–π interactions. In spite of the small association energies, disk‐shaped rings are attractive because such rings can mimic the planet Saturn precisely as exemplified by an anthracene cyclic hexamer–C60 complex.
1,2‐Dihydro‐1‐hydroxy‐2,3,1‐benzodiazaborine Bearing an Acridine Moiety as a Circular Dichroism Probe for Determination of Absolute Configuration of Mono‐Alcohols
Authors: Shimo Shunsuke , Takahashi Kohei , Iwasawa Nobuharu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA new chiral probe molecule for mono‐alcohols is developed by using 1,2‐dihydro‐1‐hydroxy‐2,3,1‐benzodiazaborine (DAB) bearing an acridine moiety 1. In the presence of mono‐alcohols, DAB 1 forms borate 2 by boronic ester formation, followed by coordination of the acridine moiety to the boron atom. Borate 2 has a chiral center on the boron atom and works as a stereodynamic circular dichroism (CD) probe molecule for chiral mono‐alcohols based on the π–π interaction between the acridine moiety and the carbon–carbon unsaturated moiety on mono‐alcohols.
Solution Structure of Mannobioses Unravelled by Means of Raman Optical Activity
Authors: Pendrill Robert , Mutter Shaun T. , Mensch Carl , Barron Laurence D. , Blanch Ewan W. , Popelier Paul L. A. , Widmalm Göran , Johannessen Christian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStructural analysis of carbohydrates is a complicated endeavour, due to the complexity and diversity of the samples at hand. Herein, we apply a combined computational and experimental approach, employing molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations together with NMR and Raman optical activity (ROA) measurements, in the structural study of three mannobiose disaccharides, consisting of two mannoses with varying glycosidic linkages. The disaccharide structures make up the scaffold of high mannose glycans and are therefore important targets for structural analysis. Based on the MD population analysis and NMR, the major conformers of each mannobiose were identified and used as input for DFT analysis. By systematically varying the solvent models used to describe water interacting with the molecules and applying overlap integral analysis to the resulting calculational ROA spectra, we found that a full quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach is required for an optimal calculation of the ROA parameters. Subsequent normal mode analysis of the predicted vibrational modes was attempted in order to identify possible marker bands for glycosidic linkages. However, the normal mode vibrations of the mannobioses are completely delocalised, presumably due to conformational flexibility in these compounds, rendering the identification of isolated marker bands unfeasible.
Systemic treatment with the enteric bacterial metabolic product propionic acid results in reduction of social behavior in juvenile rats: Contribution to a rodent model of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Shams Soaleha , Foley Kelly A. , Kavaliers Martin , MacFabe Derrick F. , Ossenkopp Klaus‐Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe role of the gut microbiome and its enteric metabolites, such as short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has recently received increased attention. Of particular interest has been the SCFA, propionic acid (PPA). Several different rodent models have been developed using PPA treatment to examine behaviors of relevance to ASD. The effects of systemic (intraperitoneal, i.p.) administration of PPA on social behavior, anxiety‐related behavior, and locomotor activity in juvenile male rats (age 35 days) were examined in this study. Rats received seven i.p. injections of buffered PPA (500 mg/kg) or phosphate‐buffered saline. Behavior was video‐recorded during social interaction in a large open field (first four injections) or assessed in an automated activity system (individual animals, last three injections). PPA treatment significantly reduced social interaction, increased anxiety‐related behavior, and produced hypoactivity and increased abnormal motor movements. These findings suggest that PPA alters behaviors of relevance to ASD in juvenile rats. These results contribute to the behavioral validity of the rodent model of ASD with systemic PPA treatment.
Entry regulation and the effect of public reporting: Evidence from Home Health Compare
Authors: Wu Bingxiao , Jung Jeah , Kim Hyunjee , Polsky Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEconomic theory suggests that competition and information are complementary tools for promoting health care quality. The existing empirical literature has documented this effect only in the context of competition among existing firms. Extending this literature, we examine competition driven by the entry of new firms into the home health care industry. In particular, we use the certificate of need (CON) law as a proxy for the entry of firms to avoid potential endogeneity of entry. We find that home health agencies in non‐CON states improved quality under public reporting significantly more than agencies in CON states. Because home health care is a labor‐intensive and capital‐light industry, the state CON law is a major barrier for new firms to enter. Our findings suggest that policymakers may jointly consider information disclosure and entry regulation to achieve better quality in home health care.
The prognostic value of tumor depth for cervical lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal and supraglottic carcinomas
Authors: Ye Lu‐Lu , Rao Jia , Fan Xing‐Wen , Kong Fang‐Fang , Hu Chao‐Su , Ying Hong‐Mei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the prognostic value of the clinicopathological parameters of primary lesions for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with hypopharyngeal and/or supraglottic carcinoma.MethodsWe enrolled 127 patients with squamous cell carcinomas originating in the hypopharyngeal and/or supraglottic regions.ResultsMultivariate analysis identified the tumor depth as an independent predictive factor for lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 4.959; 95% confidence interval, 2.290‐10.739; P < 0.0001) with a predictive value of 0.966. A cutoff value of 4.5 mm was determined.ConclusionThe tumor depth of the primary lesion is a potent predictor of cervical lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal and supraglottic carcinomas. In cases with clinically negative nodal status, elective neck dissection should be adopted for patients with a tumor depth reaching 4.5 mm. Regular outpatient follow‐up is recommended for patients with a tumor depth less than 1.0 mm. Close follow‐up or preventative therapy should be considered between 1.0 and 4.5 mm.
Hydroxycamptothecin Prevents Fibrotic Pathways in Fibroblasts In Vitro
Authors: Yao Zhixiao , Zheng Wei , Zhang Xiangqi , Xiong Hao , Qian Yun , Fan Cunyi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPeritendinous fibrosis, which leads to impaired tendon function, is a clinical problem worldwide, and it is urgent to explore potential ways to reduce the formation of peritendinous adhesion. Several studies have demonstrated the biological roles of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) in inhibiting fibrosis in different tissues. In this study, we investigated whether HCPT could inhibit tendon fibrosis in vitro. Our results revealed that HCPT inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐induced cell viability of human fibroblasts, decreased excessive cell hyperproliferation and promoted fibroblasts apoptosis. In addition, HCPT treatment also inhibited expression of fibrosis genes COL3A1 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). In terms of mechanism, we pretreated fibroblasts with the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) inhibitor salubrinal and RNA‐dependent protein kinase‐like ER kinase (PERK) short hairpin RNA, these treatments abolished the inhibitory effects of HCPT on fibrosis, thereby suggesting that HCPT's inhibition of TGF‐β1‐induced tendon fibrosis might be mediated by the PERK signaling pathway in vitro. In conclusion, our results suggested that HCPT had protective effects on peritendinous tissue fibrosis and might be promising in future clinical applications. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(5):653–662, 2019
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: New Perspectives From Clinical and Translational Research
Authors: Tauer Josephine T , Robinson Marie‐Eve , Rauch Frank 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a monogenic bone fragility disorder that usually is caused by mutations in one of the two genes coding for collagen type I alpha chains, COL1A1 or COL1A2. Mutations in at least 18 other genes can also lead to an OI phenotype. As genetic testing is more widely used, mutations in these genes are also more frequently discovered in individuals who have a propensity for fractures, but who do not have other typical clinical characteristics of OI. Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy is still the most widely used drug treatment approach. Preclinical studies in OI mouse models have shown encouraging effects when the antiresorptive effect of a bisphosphonate was combined with bone anabolic therapy using a sclerostin antibody. Other novel experimental treatment approaches include inhibition of transforming growth factor beta signaling with a neutralizing antibody and the inhibition of myostatin and activin A by a soluble activin receptor 2B. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Successful Management Of Tumor‐Induced Osteomalacia with Radiofrequency Ablation: A Case Series
Authors: Mishra Sunil Kumar , Kuchay Mohammad Shafi , Sen Ishita Barat , Garg Arpit , Baijal Sanjay Saran , Mithal Ambrish 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTTumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a curable condition when the tumor is correctly located and completely removed. These tumors are, however, small and located in regions that make surgical removal difficult and sometimes risky in some patients. Experience of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the management of TIO is limited. We describe 3 patients with TIO who were treated in our hospital with RFA. They had suspected lesions in surgically difficult locations and were subjected to single sessions of RFA. The response was documented in terms of improvement in symptoms, normalization of hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphaturia, and disappearance of uptake on follow‐up Ga68 DOTANOC PET/CT imaging. All 3 patients had a clinical and biochemical profile consistent with TIO. The first patient (patient 1) had an intensely Ga68 DOTANOC avid lesion involving the roof of right acetabulum. The second patient (patient 2) had a Ga68 DOTANOC avid intramuscular lesion in left pectineus muscle and the third patient (patient 3) had a Ga68 DOTANOC avid expansile osteolytic lesion involving the angle and ramus of right mandible. All 3 patients achieved complete biochemical as well as clinical remission with single sessions of RFA. Six months after the procedure, Ga68 DOTANOC imaging revealed the absence of uptake at the previous sites, corroborating with the clinical improvement and normalization of hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphaturia. In conclusion, although surgical resection is the standard of care, RFA can be used successfully for treating patients with TIO. It can be an effective, less invasive, and safe modality of treatment in those patients where resection of the lesion is not possible because of inaccessible anatomical location or comorbidity that prohibits surgery. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
On Turán problems for Cartesian products of graphs
Authors: Sidorenko Alexander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLet be disjoint sets of sizes and . Let be a family of quadruples, having elements from and from , such that any subset with and contains one of the quadruples. We prove that the smallest size of is as . We also solve asymptotically a more general two‐partite Turán problem for quadruples.
Evaluation of Breathworks’ Mindfulness for Stress 8‐week course: Effects on depressive symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, affects, self‐compassion, and mindfulness facets in Brazilian health professionals
Authors: Pizutti Leandro Timm , Carissimi Alicia , Valdivia Lucianne Jobim , Ilgenfritz Carlos Augusto Vieira , Freitas Juliana Jury , Sopezki Daniela , Demarzo Marcelo Marcos Piva , Hidalgo Maria Paz 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study was aimed to evaluate the effects of the Breathworks’ Mindfulness for Stress 8‐week course on depressive and psychiatric symptoms, and on positive and negative affects, compared with active control and wait list.MethodA total of 84 primary care health professionals enrolled in the study, in quasi‐experimental research design. The scales Beck Depression Inventory, Self‐Reporting Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Self‐Compassion Scale, and Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire were applied before and after the interventions.ResultsDepressive symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, and negative affects had a statistically significant decrease before postintervention evaluations in Mindfulness for Stress group, and the levels of self‐compassion and observe and non‐reactivity dimensions of mindfulness improved after the intervention.ConclusionsThe Mindfulness for Stress program can be considered a feasible group intervention to improve the mental health of healthcare professionals.
Estimating lake–climate responses from sparse data: An application to high elevation lakes
Authors: Christianson Kyle R. , Johnson Brett M. , Hooten Mevin B. , Roberts James J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough many studies demonstrate lake warming, few document trends from lakes with sparse data. Diel and seasonal variability of surface temperatures limit conventional trend analyses to datasets with frequent repeated observations. Thus, remote lakes, including many high elevation lakes, are underrepresented in trend analyses. We used a Bayesian technique to analyze sparse data that explicitly incorporated diel and seasonal variability. This approach allowed us to estimate lake warming in a region of limited knowledge: high elevation lakes (> 2100 m ASL) of the Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A. The analysis allowed for inclusion of lakes with few repeated measurements, and observations made before 1980 when more intensive lake monitoring began. We accumulated the largest dataset of high elevation lake temperatures analyzed to date. Data from 590 high elevation lakes in the Southern Rocky Mountains showed a 0.13°C decade−1 increase in surface temperatures and a 14% increase in seasonal degree days since 1955. This result is lower than other regional and global estimates of lake warming; however, it is similar to other high elevation lake studies. Our approach can be applied to other understudied regions, increasing our overall understanding of the effects of climate change on lakes and their temporal dynamics.