bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Concise Review on Pyridocoumarin/Azacoumarin Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Activity
Authors: Patra Prasanta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCoumarins are important due to their versatile bio‐activity. Synthesised pyridocoumarin derivatives show remarkable biological activities including antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, antiHIV, and antimicrobial activity. The present review aims to review a vast body of literature on different synthetic methodology mainly aza‐Diels Alder reaction, metal catalyzed cyclization and multicomponent reaction and bioactivity of pyridocoumarin derivatives as published during the period from 1997 up to 2017. The synthesised compounds have been reported in literature either by construction of pyridine, pyran or of both ring starting from suitable precursors.
Transition Metal Chelated Biopolymer Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient, Stable, and Recyclable Nanocatalysts for Catalytic Bleaching
Authors: Yurdakul Merve , Oktem Huseyin Avni , Yilmaz M Deniz 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe role of catalysts in the development of improved bleaching methods is of paramount scientific and industrial importance in the bleaching of raw cotton and laundry stains. Despite tremendous efforts, developing novel earth abundant metal nanocatalysts with high activity and stability remains a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate the successful formation of earth abundant transition metal‐chelated layer‐by‐layer hyaluronic acid/chitosan polyelectrolyte‐coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Metal@PEM‐MSNPs) as novel bleaching nanocatalysts. Metal@PEM‐MSNPs have been tested for both the oxidative degradation of a natural plant dye in solution and tea‐ and beetroot‐ stains on cotton fabrics. While manganese and iron‐chelated PEM‐MSNPs (Mn2+@PEM‐MSNPs and Fe2+@PEM‐MSNPs) have little catalytic activity, cobalt‐chelated PEM‐MSNPs (Co2+@PEM‐MSNPs) display an unexpected, surprisingly high activity in the oxidation reaction under the same experimental conditions. The results suggest that Co2+@PEM‐MSNPs are excellent nanocatalytic systems for the low temperature bleaching (<30 0C) and the design strategy used in Metal@PEM‐MSNP nanocatalysts can further be extended to prepare a wide range of highly active self‐assembled bio‐inspired nanocatalysts for catalytic bleaching and other organic transformations.
Conversion of O‐Propargyl β‐enones to 2‐Allylidene 1,3‐Diones and Furan Derivatives via [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement
Authors: Nagaraju Vemu , Raju Chittala Emmaniel , Purnachandar Dalovai , Rao Vaidya Jayathirtha , Karunakar Galla V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn efficient synthetic protocol was developed for the formation of 2‐allylidene 1,3‐diones in very good yields via [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement of O‐propargyl β‐enones. Good yields of highly functionalized substituted furan derivatives were synthesized from O‐propargyl β‐enones under gold‐catalysis via intramolecular cycloisomerisation.
New Example of Metal‐Containing Monomers for Frontal Polymerization
Authors: Uflyand Igor E. , Zhinzhilo Vladimir A. , Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the present work, new metal‐containing monomers based on copper(II) cinnamate (cinn), viz.: [Cu(cinn)2(bpy)(C2H5OH)], [Cu(cinn)2(phen)(H2O)2], and [Cu(cinn)2(tpy)(C2H5OH)2] (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, phen=1,10‐phenanthroline and tpy=4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) were synthesized. At the first time, it was shown that these metal‐containing monomers undergo frontal polymerization.
Physical injury, stress, and health: Protective role of dispositional optimism
Authors: Levy Sigal , Heruti Irit , Avitsur Ronit 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPhysical injuries are common occurrences that can have substantial implications for personal, emotional, and social functioning. A recent study reported higher prevalence of common illnesses and reduced health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in injury victims. Based on these findings, the present study examined the role of the antibody immunoglobulin A (IgA) and the stress hormone cortisol in the association between injury and health. Additionally, the role of daily life stress and dispositional optimism in this association was examined. Thirty‐seven victims of injury (e.g., fractures and burns) and 41 noninjured participants were assessed for cortisol and IgA levels and completed a battery of questionnaires assessing illness prevalence, HRQL, perceived stress, and optimism. Injured participants reported higher prevalence of illness and poorer HRQL compared with noninjured participants; however, changes in cortisol or IgA levels did not explain this increase in illness. Correlations between perceived stress and HRQL were stronger in injured participants compared with noninjured controls, indicating that injured individuals are more affected by stress. Dispositional optimism was lower in injured participants, and optimism buffered the negative effect of stress on HRQL. Accordingly, it is suggested that optimism played a protective role against the negative consequences of stress in injured individuals, thus improving HRQL.
X‐ray fluorescence analysis of samples simulating blood collected from uranium‐contaminated wounds
Authors: Izumoto Yukie , Matsuyama Tsugufumi , Ishii Kota , Sakai Yasuhiro , Oguri Yoshiyuki , Yoshii Hiroshi 
Published: February 2019

Personnel working in nuclear fuel handling facilities incur a finite risk of injury and uranium contamination in any resulting wounds. The accidental absorption of uranium from the likes of wounds can lead to a significant degree of internal exposure due to its hazardous nature. Although an appropriate surgical resection of tissue in the contaminated wound is useful for suppressing the additional intake of uranium, the rapid quantification of uranium in the wound is required to avoid unnecessary surgery. For surface contamination, the detection of uranium is usually performed using an α‐particle counting method. However, in the case of wound contamination, most of the α‐particles emitted from the uranium cannot pass through the blood oozing from the wound. Therefore, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis has been proposed as an alternative means of detecting uranium contamination because X‐rays can pass through several millimeters of blood or soft tissue. In the present study, we developed a new methodology for the rapid detection of uranium in wounds that is based on an XRF analysis of contaminated blood collected on filter paper. With XRF, the detection limit for uranium in blood is 0.45 ppm. This value is lower than those of commercially available α‐survey meters by a factor of ~103. Thus, the proposed method could be adopted for the rapid, on‐site detection of uranium in wounds.
Existence of a class of variational inequalities modelling quasi‐static viscoelastic contact problems
Authors: Peng Zijia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis work concerns the existence for a class of variational inequalities arising in quasi‐static frictional contact problems for viscoelastic materials. We first consider dynamic contact problems described by evolutionary variational inequalities with a small parameter in the inertial term. Then we study the asymptotic behavior of their solutions when the parameter tends to zero. Based on a time‐discretization technique and monotone operators theory, the inequalities are solved in the form of evolutionary inclusions in the framework of evolution triples. We show that the limit functions of dynamic problems are solutions to the quasi‐static variational inequalities. Applications of the abstract result to frictional contact problems with multivalued constitutive law and normal damped response are given. Moreover, some comments on nonmonotone boundary problem are presented.
Frontotemporal dementia is the leading cause of “true” A−/T+ profiles defined with Aβ42/40 ratio
Authors: Pouclet‐Courtemanche Hélène , Nguyen Tri‐Bao , Skrobala Emilie , Boutoleau‐Bretonnière Claire , Pasquier Florence , Bouaziz‐Amar Elodie , Bigot‐Corbel Edith , Schraen Susanna , Dumurgier Julien , Paquet Claire , Lebouvier Thibaud 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionPatients with positive tauopathy but negative Aβ42 (A−T+) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) represent a diagnostic challenge. The Aβ42/40 ratio supersedes Aβ42 and reintegrates “false” A−T+ patients into the Alzheimer's disease spectrum. However, the biomarker and clinical characteristics of “true” and “false” A−T+ patients remain elusive.MethodsAmong the 509 T+N+ patients extracted from the databases of three memory clinics, we analyzed T+N+ patients with normal Aβ42 and compared “false” A−T+ with abnormal Aβ42/40 ratio and “true” A−T+ patients with normal Aβ42/40 ratio, before CSF analysis and at follow‐up.Results24.9% of T+N+ patients had normal Aβ42 levels. Among them, 42.7% were “true” A−T+. “True” A−T+ had lower CSF tauP181 than “false” A−T+ patients. 48.0% of “true” A−T+ patients were diagnosed with frontotemporal lobar degeneration before CSF analysis and 64.0% at follow‐up, as compared with 6% in the “false” A−T+ group (P < .0001).DiscussionFrontotemporal lobar degeneration is probably the main cause of “true” A−T+ profiles.
IWOA: An improved whale optimization algorithm for optimization problems
Authors: Mostafa Bozorgi Seyed , Yazdani Samaneh 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is a new bio-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm which is presented based on the social hunting behavior of humpback whales. WOA suffers premature convergence that causes it to trap in local optima. In order to overcome this limitation of WOA, in this paper WOA is hybridized with differential evolution (DE) which has good exploration ability for function optimization problems. The proposed method is named Improved WOA (IWOA). The proposed method, combines exploitation of WOA with exploration of DE and therefore provides a promising candidate solution. In addition, IWOA+ is presented in this paper which is an extended form of IWOA. IWOA+ utilizes re-initialization and adaptive parameter which controls the whole search process to obtain better solutions. IWOA and IWOA+ are validated on a set of 25 benchmark functions, and they are compared with PSO, DE, BBO, DE/BBO, PSO/GSA, SCA, MFO and WOA. Furthermore, the effects of dimensionality and population size on the performance of our proposed algorithms are studied. The results demonstrate that IWOA and IWOA+ outperform the other algorithms in terms of quality of the final solution and convergence rate.
Highlights The exploration ability of WOA is improved via hybridizing it with DE's mutation. A new adaptive strategy is utilized for balancing the exploration and exploitation abilities. Re-initialization is used to increase the diversity of population. Two improvements are presented for WOA through balancing its exploration and exploitation. The results show that the proposed algorithms can improve the performance of WOA significantly.
Parkinson’s Disease Is Associated with Risk of Sexual Dysfunction in Men but Not in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Shankun , Wang Jiamin , Xie Qiang , Luo Lianmin , Zhu Zhiguo , Liu Yangzhou , Luo Jintai , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Mounting evidence has emerged suggesting that patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are susceptible to sexual dysfunction (SD).

Aim
To better clarify the relationship between PD and SD.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library database, and PsychINFO database were systematically searched for pertinent studies evaluating sexual function in the patients with PD. This systematic review and meta-analysis have been registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42018108714; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).

Outcomes
The association between PD and SD was assessed using relative risk (RR) with 95% CI. The quality of evidence was ranked by the GRADE profiler.

Results
11 observational studies met the predefined criteria for inclusion, enrolling 30,150 subjects from both the PD group and healthy control group (mean age 54.6–75.1 years). Synthesis results revealed that PD was associated with an elevated risk of SD in males (7 studies; 1.79; 95% CI = 1.26–2.54, P = .001; heterogeneity: I2 = 73.2%, P &lt; .001). However, when restricted to female subjects, the combined RR from 3 eligible studies suggested a lack of significant association between PD and SD (RR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.64–2.61, P = .469; heterogeneity: I2 = 80.0%, P = .007). The GRADE profiler indicated the overall quality of the evidence was low in studies including males and very low in studies including females.

Clinical Implications
The current meta-analysis indicated that men with PD were more likely to experience SD than those without PD. In female subjects, however, PD seemed to not be associated with a high prevalence of SD compared with healthy controls. Based on these findings, patients with PD should be routinely assessed for sexual functioning, especially males.

Strengths & Limitations
This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between PD and the risks of SD in both males and females. However, substantial heterogeneities were detected across the included studies.

Conclusion
A hazardous effect of PD for developing SD was detected in men but not in women. As a result, sexual function assessment and appropriate therapy are recommended for men with PD in clinical practice.
Sleep Quality, Duration, and Associated Sexual Function at Older Age: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Smith Lee , Grabovac Igor , Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Isik Ahmet Turan , Stubbs Brendon , Yang Lin , Jackson Sarah E. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Introduction
One factor that may plausibly be associated with sexual dysfunction is sleep disturbance. Like sexual problems, complaints of sleep disturbance increase with age and are commonly reported by older adults.

Aims
To examine associations between sleep quality, duration, and a range of sexual problems in a large, representative sample of older adults.

Methods
Data were from 2,568 men and 1,376 women (age ≥50 years) participating in Wave 6 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2012–2013). Sleep quality, duration, and problems with erectile function, sexual arousal, and orgasmic experience were self-reported; associations were examined using logistic regression models. Covariates included age, ethnicity, partner status, wealth, limiting long-standing illness, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and depressive symptoms.

Main Outcome Measure
Participants self-reported problems with erectile function, sexual arousal, and orgasmic experience.

Results
In women, moderate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, 95% CI 1.09–2.13, P = .013) and low sleep quality (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.24–2.32, P = .001) were associated with increased odds of arousal problems relative to high sleep quality. In men, moderate sleep quality was associated with increased odds of erectile difficulties (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.16–1.85, P = .001), the difference between low and high sleep quality did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 0.97–1.58, P = .091). Sleep quality was not associated with difficulty achieving an orgasm in men, but in women low sleep quality was associated with increased odds of orgasmic difficulty (OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.18–2.25, P = .003). No associations between sleep duration and problems with sexual function were observed in women, but, in men, long sleep was associated with higher odds of difficulty achieving orgasm (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.04–2.95, P = 0.036) relative to optimal sleep duration.

Clinical Implications
Older adults presenting sleep problems should be screened for sexual dysfunction and vice versa.

Strength & Limitations
Strengths of this study include the large representative sample of older English adults, the assessment of several aspects of sexual dysfunction and sleep, and the inclusion of potentially important confounding variables into statistical models. However, the study was cross-sectional, meaning we were unable to ascertain the direction of the observed associations.

Conclusion
Sleep problems are associated with sexual dysfunction in older English adults, although some variation is noted between men and women.
MODEL THEORY AND MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: CHASE HUNTER , FREITAG JAMES 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAbout 25 years ago, it came to light that a single combinatorial property determines both an important dividing line in model theory (NIP) and machine learning (PAC-learnability). The following years saw a fruitful exchange of ideas between PAC-learning and the model theory of NIP structures. In this article, we point out a new and similar connection between model theory and machine learning, this time developing a correspondence between stability and learnability in various settings of online learning. In particular, this gives many new examples of mathematically interesting classes which are learnable in the online setting.
Viral oncolytic immunotherapy in the war on cancer: Infection control considerations
Authors: Robilotti Elizabeth V. , Kumar Asmita , Glickman Michael S. , Kamboj Mini 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOncolytic viral immunotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for cancer that exploits in vivo replication and other viral properties to enhance immune killing of malignant cells. The potential for horizontal transmission of native or engineered oncolytic viruses creates several unique infection control challenges. In 2015, talimogene laherparepvec (TVEC) became the first agent in this class to gain FDA approval for treatment of melanoma, and several others are being developed. Although some data on the transmissibility of TVEC are available from clinical studies, the aftermarket or real-world experience remains limited. We conducted a PUBMED-based search of the medical literature focusing on the safety and risk of TVEC transmission to close contacts including healthcare workers. The findings are summarized in this review and are intended to provide infection preventionists with practical guidance on handling issues related to administration and care of patients receiving TVEC. Additionally, we describe the current mechanism for evaluating the risk related to similar new agents entering clinical trials at our institution. Development of standarized approaches for the safe administration and precautions for ongoing care, especially in immunocompromised patients, are essential to support the broad adoption of this novel therapy.
Ice flow variations at Polar Record Glacier, East Antarctica
Authors: LIANG QI , ZHOU CHUNXIA , HOWAT IAN M. , JEONG SEONGSU , LIU RUIXI , CHEN YIMING 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTRelatively little is known about the physical mechanisms that drive the dynamics of the East Antarctic outlet glaciers. Here we conduct a remote-sensing investigation of the Polar Record Glacier (PRG), East Antarctica to analyze its ice flow acceleration, ice front variations and ice surface melting. Ice flow speeds at PRG increased by up to 15% from 2005 to 2015, with substantial interannual fluctuations. The ice velocities also showed seasonal variations, accelerating by up to 9% between September and January. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the observed seasonal variations: the initial acceleration may result from the lost back-stress provided by the sea ice in the austral spring and the later speedup relate to the surface meltwater that leads to weakened ice shelf and shear margins. The sensitivity of the PRG to oceanic forcing is confirmed by comparing the secular ice velocity increases with ocean temperatures. These measurements suggest that the dynamics of East Antarctic ice shelves are sensitive to melt at both the surface and base, at a range of timescales.
INDEPENDENCE IN GENERIC INCIDENCE STRUCTURES
Authors: CONANT GABRIEL , KRUCKMAN ALEX 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe study the theory Tm,n of existentially closed incidence structures omitting the complete incidence structure Km,n, which can also be viewed as existentially closed Km,n-free bipartite graphs. In the case m = n = 2, this is the theory of existentially closed projective planes. We give an $\forall \exists$-axiomatization of Tm,n, show that Tm,n does not have a countable saturated model when m, n ≥ 2, and show that the existence of a prime model for T2,2 is equivalent to a longstanding open question about finite projective planes. Finally, we analyze model theoretic notions of complexity for Tm,n. We show that Tm,n is NSOP1, but not simple when m, n ≥ 2, and we show that Tm,n has weak elimination of imaginaries but not full elimination of imaginaries. These results rely on combinatorial characterizations of various notions of independence, including algebraic independence, Kim independence, and forking independence.
Nuclear diagnosis of the fuel areal density for direct-drive deuterium fuel implosion at the Shenguang-II Upgrade laser facility
Authors: Cui Bo , Fang Zhiheng , Dai Zenghai , Liu Hongjie , Wang Wei , Chen Jiabin , Bi Bi , Tian Chao , Liu Dongxiao , Wang Weiwu , Shan Lianqiang , Lu Feng , Li Gang , Zhang Faqiang , Zhang Bo , Zhang Zhimeng , Deng Zhigang , He Shukai , Teng Jian , Hong Wei , Gu Yuqiu , Zhang Baohan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn inertial confinement fusion experiments that involve short-laser pulses such as fast ignition (FI), diagnosis of neutrons is usually very challenging because high-intensity γ rays generated by short-laser pulses would mask the much weaker neutron signal. In this paper, fast-response scintillators with low afterglow and gated microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes are combined to build neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) spectrometers for such experiments. Direct-drive implosion experiments of deuterium-gas-filled capsules were performed at the Shenguang-II Upgrade (SG-II-UP) laser facility to study the compressed fuel areal density (〈ρR〉) and evaluate the performance of such nTOF diagnostics. Two newly developed quenched liquid scintillator detectors and a gated ultrafast plastic scintillator detector were used to measure the secondary DT neutrons and primary DD neutrons, respectively. The secondary neutron signals were clearly discriminated from the γ rays from (n, γ) reactions, and the compressed fuel areal density obtained with the yield-ratio method agrees well with the simulations. Additionally, a small scintillator decay tail and a clear DD neutron signal were observed in an integrated FI experiment as a result of the low afterglow of the oxygen-quenched liquid scintillator.