bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astronomical Data of Atomic Shannon Entropies in Astrophysical Lorentzian Plasmas
Authors: Lee Myoung-Jae , Jung Young-Dae 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The nonthermal effects on the variation of the Shannon entropy for the atomic states are investigated in astrophysical Lorentzian plasmas. The screened atomic wave functions, energy eigenvalues, and effective screening lengths for the hydrogen atom in Lorentzian plasmas are obtained by the Rayleigh–Ritz method. The Shannon entropies for the ground and excited states in astrophysical Lorentzian plasmas are also obtained as functions of the spectral index, effective screening lengths, and plasma parameters including the radial and angular parts. It is shown that the nonthermal characters of the Lorentzian plasma suppresses the entropy changes in the ground state as well as in the excited states. In addition, it is found that the entropy change in excited states is more effective than that in the ground state in Lorentzian astrophysical plasmas. Moreover, it is shown that the entropy change is independent of the magnetic quantum number of the state because the angular parts of Shannon entropy are unchanged due to the influence of nonthermal character and plasma screening in astrophysical Lorentzian plasmas.
Why Do Nurses Participate in Continuing Education? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Waddell Donna L 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
In order to explain why nurses participate in continuing education, a meta-analysis of 22 studies was conducted. All of the studies examined the relationship between several independent variables from the Urbano and Jahns' model and nurses' participation in continuing nursing education (CNE). This study supported the Urbano and Jahns' proposition that motivational orientation influences participation, while other factors, such as demographics and educational opportunity, may mediate the degree of that influence.
Outcome of Hyperplastic Persistent Pupillary Membrane
Authors: Lee Sang Mok , Yu Young Suk 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual outcome of eyes with hyperplastic persistent pupillary membrane.
Patients and Methods: We adopted a retrospective approach involving 39 eyes of 24 Korean patients diagnosed as having hyperplastic persistent pupillary membrane, excluding patients who could not be observed beyond 3 years of age and eyes that had any other ocular anomalies that affect vision. Final best-corrected visual acuity and refractive status were compared according to treatment type and laterality. Mean visual acuity was transformed to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR).
Results: The mean final best-corrected visual acuity was 0.32 (standard deviation, ± 0.41). Five eyes had a best-corrected visual acuity less than 20/70 at the last follow-up. Four eyes were unilateral (deprivation amblyopia) and one eye was bilateral (anisometropic amblyopia). There were no significant differences in final best-corrected visual acuity according to treatment type or laterality. Significant anisometropia was found in 11 of the 24 patients. The mean absolute value of anisometropia was greater in the surgical treatment group than in the medical treatment and observation groups (P = .048).
Conclusions: The visual prognoses for individuals with hyperplastic persistent pupillary membrane can be relatively good if the condition is appropriately managed. Unilaterality and poor initial visual acuity are indicators of a poor visual outcome. Surgery is effective when the opaque membrane retards visual maturation. Close follow-up with evaluation of visual acuity and refractive status is mandatory because this condition can lead to deprivation amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004;41:163-171.
Incidence and Treatment of Diplopia After Three-Wall Orbital Decompression in Graves' Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Querques Giuseppe , Primavera Vito , Noci Nicola Delle 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To describe our experience treating diplopia after orbital decompression in patients with thyroid orbitopathy.
Patients and Methods: From May 1997 to July 2001, we performed orbital decompression on 102 patients (34 men and 68 women) with severe proptosis. In 10 (9.8%) of these patients who had no diplopia preoperatively, diplopia in primary gaze occurred after decompression. In 19 (18.6%) of the patients with diplopia in primary gaze before surgery, there was no modification of diplopia after decompression. In 24 (23.5%) of the patients with diplopia in primary gaze before surgery, a more severe imbalance occurred after decompression. Forty-four (83%) of these 53 patients underwent adjustable extraocular muscle surgery with the use of viscoelastic substances to gain single vision in primary position. In 9 (17%) of the patients, diplopia was resolved with the use of prismatic lenses.
Results: In 31 (70.4%) of 44 patients, we obtained a stable resolution of diplopia in primary position (minimum follow-up, 6 months). In 10 (22.7%) of these patients, a second surgery on the oblique muscles was necessary 6 months after the first surgery to resolve torsional diplopia. In 3 (6.8%) of the patients, diplopia has been resolved with prismatic lenses.
Conclusion: Orbital decompression reduces proptosis, but may cause diplopia or worsen it.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004;41:219-225.
Marges et marches seigneuriales aux confins du Velay : réflexion sur les implantations des abbayes cisterciennes de Clavas et de La Séauve-Bénite
Authors: Bouvard-Mor Emma 
Published: January 2019

Les abbayes cisterciennes d’Auvergne et du Velay sont établies sur des frontières inter-seigneuriales. Ces fondations participent d’une politique territoriale offensive, mais pacifiste, au risque de l’oxymore. Elles confèrent aux terres qu’elles investissent une certaine forme de sacralité, ainsi que l’immunité qui leur est due, tout en servant les prétentions d’expansion des seigneuries laïques. Au travers des exemples des établissements féminins de Clavas et de La Séauve-Bénite (ancien diocèse du Puy), nous approcherons le rôle qu’a pu leur donner l’aristocratie locale dans les enjeux territoriaux du xiie siècle. L’enquête prend en compte les données prosopographiques et l’histoire seigneuriale locale (sources éditées, historiographie ancienne et récente), et use de la géographie historique afin d’illustrer l’affirmation dynastique de ces fondations monastiques de montagne. Elle met aussi en lumière les dynamiques frontalières générées par ces parthénons.
Gαi2 Signaling Regulates Inflammasome Priming and Cytokine Production by Biasing Macrophage Phenotype Determination
Authors: Vural Ali , Nabar Neel R. , Hwang Il-Young , Sohn Silke , Park Chung , Karlsson Mikael C. I. , Blumer Joe B. , Kehrl John H. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Macrophages exist as innate immune subsets that exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Their phenotypes are dictated by inputs from the tissue microenvironment. G-protein–coupled receptors are essential in transducing signals from the microenvironment, and heterotrimeric Gα signaling links these receptors to downstream effectors. Several Gαi-coupled G-protein–coupled receptors have been implicated in macrophage polarization. In this study, we use genetically modified mice to investigate the role of Gαi2 on inflammasome activity and macrophage polarization. We report that Gαi2 in murine bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) regulates IL-1β release after activation of the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes. We show this regulation stems from the biased polarity of Gαi2 deficient (Gnai2−/−) and RGS-insensitive Gαi2 (Gnai2G184S/G184S) BMDMs. We determined that although Gnai2G184S/G184S BMDMs (excess Gαi2 signaling) have a tendency toward classically activated proinflammatory (M1) phenotype, Gnai2−/− BMDMs (Gαi2 deficient) are biased toward alternatively activated anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Finally, we find that Gαi2-deficient macrophages have increased Akt activation and IFN-β production but defects in ERK1/2 and STAT3 activation after LPS stimulation. Gαi2-deficient macrophages also exhibit increased STAT6 activation after IL-4 stimulation. In summary, our data indicates that excess Gαi2 signaling promotes an M1 macrophage phenotype, whereas Gαi2 signaling deficiency promotes an M2 phenotype. Understanding Gαi2-mediated effects on macrophage polarization may bring to light insights regarding disease pathogenesis and the reprogramming of macrophages for the development of novel therapeutics.
Underdeterminations of Consciousness in Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Arroyo Raoni Wohnrath , Nunes Filho Lauro De Matos 
Published: January 2019

Metaphysical underdetermination arises when we are not able to decide, by purely theoretical criteria, between competing interpretations of scientific theories with different metaphysical commitments. This is the case in which non-relativistic quantum mechanics (QM) founds itself in. Among several available interpretations, there is the interpretation which states that the interaction with the conscious mind of a human observer causes a change in the dynamics of quantum objects undergoing from indefinite to definite states. This is, in a nutshell, the received view of the consciousness causes the collapse hypothesis (CCCH), which is the basis for a set of interpretations known as subjectivistic interpretations of QM. Here we propose a further distinction between three levels of metaphysical underdetermination within the discussion related to the interpretations of QM: the first level, described above, concerns the general framework of interpretations of QM (where CCCH is a option among several others, and which is not addressed here); the second one emerges within a particular set of interpretations (namely, CCCH), and the third one from two possible approaches to a particular branch of this set of interpretations. We suggest breaking the last two using metaphysical arguments. As a general result, we have been able to rule out the dualist approach of CCCH (though we cannot rule it out empirically) and to realize that the only viable phenomenological approach to CCCH is the eidetic one.
Teaching Strategies that Motivate English Language Adult Literacy Learners to Invest in their Education: A Literature Review
Authors: Severinsen Deborah , Kennedy Lori , Mohamud Salwa 
Published: January 2019

Canadian English language programs have seen a recent increase in enrolment by English as a Second Language adult literacy learners. To date, minimal research has been conducted with these learners, leaving literacy teachers with little guidance. In our literature review we found that, because learners often lose motivation due to their lack of or limited education, building motivation and investment must be at the heart of lesson design when teaching adult literacy learners. Thus, we adopted a transformative and post-structuralist framework to extend proven sociocultural theories to the adult literacy learner population. Our article reviewed past literature, incorporated the autobiographical narratives of experienced literacy teachers and provided six teaching strategies for increasing investment and motivation in adult literacy learners: providing relevance, addressing settlement needs, incorporating life experiences, encouraging learner autonomy, promoting collaborative learning, and building self-efficacy. Our article will demonstrate that further research is required in the arena of adult low literacy English language learners.
Keywordsmotivation, investment, post-structuralist and transformative framework, teaching strategies, ESL adult literacy learners, limited formal education, English language learner, literature review.
Development of intuition in a new currency, the Euro: The Slovak experience
Authors: Kubascikova Jana , Evans Jeff , Khan Hafiz T.A. 
Published: January 2019

Adaptation to an unfamiliar currency is required regularly of international travellers – and also of citizens of countries changing their currency, such as the 19 (to date) Eurozone members. We report on the currency adaptation process in the Slovak Republic during 2008-2011. We analyse its effects on citizens’ development of price intuition in the euro. Our study draws on Hofmann et al.’s (2007) work, which proposed four different strategies for coping, ranging from direct numerical conversion to developing intuition. We conducted repeated cross-sectional surveys using structured questionnaires in realistic Slovak settings. We describe European and Slovak institutions’ supports for the public, such as dual display of prices, and readily available conversion tables. We found that, whereas the numerical conversion strategy was used most frequently by respondents in the first year, within two years they were already developing intuition in the new currency, especially for frequently bought products. We also investigated the ‘Euro Illusion’, the extent to which Slovak citizens, in their evaluation of prices, may have been influenced to make decisions based on nominal values, whereby prices in euros seemed smaller than those in Slovak crowns. We summarise suggestions for promoting learning in situations of currency change, and briefly discuss the features of the Slovak process as a ‘numerate environment’.
KeywordsPrice intuition; numeracy; learning; intuition strategy; marker value strategy; anchor strategy; numerical conversion strategy.
The AlborEX dataset: sampling of sub-mesoscale features in the Alboran Sea
Authors: Troupin Charles , Pascual Ananda , Ruiz Simon , Olita Antonio , Casas Benjamin , Margirier Félix , Poulain Pierre-Marie , Notarstefano Giulio , Torner Marc , Fernández Juan Gabriel , Rújula Miquel Àngel , Muñoz Cristian , Alou Eva , Ruiz Inmaculada , Tovar-Sánchez Antonio , Allen John T. , Mahadevan Amala , Tintoré Joaquín 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The AlborEX (Alboran Sea Experiment) consisted of a multi-platform, multi-disciplinary experiment carried out in the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean Sea) between 25 and 31 May 2014. The observational component of AlborEx aimed to sample the physical and biogeochemical properties of oceanographic features present along an intense frontal zone, with a particular interest in the vertical motions in its vicinity. To this end, the mission included 1 research vessel (66 profiles), 2 underwater gliders (adding up 552 profiles), 3 profiling floats, and 25 surface drifters.Near real-time ADCP velocities were collected nightly and during the CTD sections. All of the profiling floats acquired temperature and conductivity profiles, while the Provor-bio float also measured oxygen and chlorophyll a concentrations, coloured dissolved organic matter, backscattering at 700 nm, downwelling irradiance at 380, 410, and 490 nm, as well as photo-synthetically active radiation (PAR).In the context of mesoscale and sub-mesoscale interactions, the AlborEX dataset constitutes a particularly valuable source of information to infer mechanisms, evaluate vertical transport, and establish relationships between the thermal and haline structures and the biogeochemical variable evolution, in a region characterised by strong horizontal gradients provoked by the confluence of Atlantic and Mediterranean waters, thanks to its multi-platform, multi-disciplinary nature.The dataset presented in this paper can be used for the validation of high-resolution numerical models or for data assimilation experiment, thanks to the various scales of processes sampled during the cruise. All the data files that make up the dataset are available in the SOCIB data catalog at https://doi.org/10.25704/z5y2-qpye (Pascual et al., 2018). The nutrient concentrations are available at https://repository.socib.es:8643/repository/entry/show?entryid=07ebf505-bd27-4ae5-aa43-c4d1c85dd500 (last access: 24 December 2018).
Choosing Impairment: conflicting interests
Authors: Metternick-Jones Selina Carolyne 
Published: January 2019

The integration of reproductive genetic testing into clinical care presents both opportunities and challenges to parents in regards to shaping the lives of their future children. The relationship between parents and their future children has become more complex and new questions are being raised in relation to the extent of parental responsibility to future generations. This paper explores the ethical permissibility of using pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to select for impairment, through the use of two case studies involving identify affecting decisions.
Through analysing harm through both a personal and impersonal approach it is concluded that if a couple, or single reproducer, have a choice between an impaired and healthy embryo, and that the same number of children would result from selection, there is a moral obligation for parents to select the ones which will have an acceptable level of interest fulfilment and a normal opportunity for health.
La Djablesse: Between Martinique, Trinidad (and Tobago), and its Pan-Caribbean Dimension
Authors: Gugolati Maica 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article compares the folkloric character La Djablesse as presented on two Caribbean islands: Martinique and Trinidad. It examines the importance of this feminine figure who comes from black Créole oral stories, combining contemporary oral accounts with written historical transcriptions enriched by the use of photographic materials. La Djablesse is a female demon who uses her charms to kill or challenge men’s machismo and misogyny; she teases men and the concept of masculinity while challenging ideas of domination using her sexuality. This article analyzes how this figure binds together colonial memories and postcolonial re-elaboration of gender stereotypes where eroticism is questioned in contemporary feminine representations. The article shows how this feminine folkloric figure embodies stereotypical womanhood(s) that are present in contemporary male desires. Moreover, it includes a regression to the Haitian Vodou pantheon evoked by the interlocutors, which opens the investigation on a pan-Caribbean perspective.
Amnijska membrana kot biološki nosilec, njena priprava in uporaba v regenerativni medicini v Sloveniji
Authors: Cirman Tina , Železnik Ramuta Taja , Lužnik Zala , Hawlina Marko , Schollmayer Petra , Smrke Dragica , Kreft Mateja Erdani 
Published: January 2019

Izhodišča: Amnijska membrana (AM) je notranja stran posteljice, ki obdaja in ščiti zarodek. AM je večplastna struktura, ki je sestavljena iz amnijskih epitelijskih celic, amnijskih mezenhimskih stromalnih celic, bazalne lamine in vezivnega tkiva. Iz njene zgradbe izhajajo tudi lastnosti AM, zaradi katerih se že vrsto let uporablja v terapevtske namene, predvsem v oftalmologiji, saj pospešuje epitelizacijo, deluje kot substrat za celice, zmanjšuje fibrozo in neovaskularizacijo tkiva ter deluje protimikrobno. Zaradi mehanskih lastnosti AM, ki so posledica predvsem molekul zunajceličnega matriksa bazalne lamine in vezivnega tkiva, se AM v zadnjih letih vedno pogosteje uporablja tudi kot biološki nosilec v regenerativni medicini. Zaključki: Regenerativna medicina je interdisciplinarno področje raziskav in kliničnih aplikacij, ki uporablja načela bioloških in inženirskih znanosti za razvoj živih tkivnih ali organskih nadomestkov. V regenerativni medicini ločimo tri pristope: 1) vsaditev funkcionalnih celic, med drugim tudi matičnih celic, v poškodovano ali okvarjeno tkivo, 2) uporaba različnih sintetičnih materialov ali materialov naravnega izvora, ki pomagajo pri ponovnem oblikovanju poškodovanega ali okvarjenega tkiva in 3) tkivno inženirstvo, tj. uporaba ustreznih nosilcev, ki spodbujajo rast tkivno specifičnih celic in oblikovanje novega tkiva. V prispevku predstavljamo tudi uporabo amnijske membrane kot biološkega nosilca v regenerativni medicini v Sloveniji.
Debating censorship: liberty and press control in the 1640s
Authors: Robertson Randy 
Published: January 2019

Scholars have long debated the extent and efficacy of English censorship in the 1640s. Drawing on publication and censorship data, this chapter argues that the infamous 1643 Licensing Ordinance proved more effective than many scholars have allowed. While writers, printers, and publishers enjoyed greater liberty to produce and circulate polemics in the 1640s, the measures adopted by Parliament and the Council of State limited the freedom of the press. Yet something changed fundamentally during this decade of civil war: at moments in the 1640s, the government lost control not just of the presses but of the discourse surrounding censorship. By examining the contests that arose over censorship, culminating in a discussion of John Lilburne’s treason trial, this chapter traces the vicissitudes of censorship in the 1640s and registers the discursive changes in debates about press freedom.
Marvell’s personal elegy? Rewriting Shakespeare in A Poem upon the Death of O. C.
Authors: Garganigo Alex 
Published: January 2019

‘I saw him dead’ is probably the best-known line in Marvell’s elegy for Cromwell, and most readings advance it as proof of the poem’s personal nature. The poet apparently saw the corpse of the Lord Protector in September 1658. Upon further inspection, however, Marvell’s claim proves less personal and more mediated and ironic than we have thought, directly quoting Hal’s startled response to Falstaff’s rising from the dead in Henry IV, Part 1. Not only does Marvell’s echo of Shakespeare rehearse someone else’s experience (Hal’s stunned mixture of grief, relief, and exasperation at Falstaff’s revival); it also drags along the whole tangle of Hal’s relationships to Falstaff and his father, as both second selves and others. Among the grief and admiration for Cromwell lurks a resentment of being in his shadow, of being forever a servant and client to some great man, even in death.