bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma Knife surgery for low-grade astrocytomas: evaluation of long-term outcome based on a 10-year experience
Authors: Wang Ling-Wei , Shiau Cheng-Ying , Chung Wen-Yuh , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Guo Wan-Yuo , Liu Kang-Du , Ho Donald Ming-tak , Wong Tai-Tong , Pan David Hung-Chi 
Published: November 2018

ObjectThe authors report the long-term treatment results of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for patients with low-grade astrocytomas who underwent surgery at a single institution.MethodsA series of 21 patients (median age 20 years) with 25 intracranial low-grade astrocytomas (World Health Organization Grades I and II) were treated with GKS between 1993 and 2003. Among them, four underwent GKS as a primary treatment. Two underwent GKS as a treatment boost after radiotherapy. In the other 15 patients, GKS was performed as an adjuvant or salvage treatment for residual/recurrent tumors after the patients had undergone craniotomy. Tumor volumes ranged from 0.2 to 13.3 ml (median 2.4 ml). Prescription margin doses ranged from 8 to 18 Gy (median 14.5 Gy). Radiation volumes were 1.3 to 21.6 ml (median 3.6 ml). Patients underwent regular follow up, with neurological evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging studies obtained at 6-month intervals.One patient was lost to follow-up. The clinical follow-up time was 5 to 144 months (median 67 months). Complete tumor remission was seen in three patients. The 10-year progression-free patient survival rate after GKS was 65%. Tumor progression was found in six patients of whom five received further salvage treatment. All the tumor progression occurred within the GKS-treated volumes. Mild-to-moderate adverse radiation effects (AREs) were found in eight patients. Both of the patients who had undergone GKS as a treatment boost after radiotherapy developed AREs, but with good shrinkage of tumors.Conclusions Gamma Knife surgery provides durable long-term local tumor control with acceptable toxicity for some patients with highly selected low-grade astrocytomas.
A simple dose gradient measurement tool to complement the conformity index
Authors: Paddick Ian , Lippitz Bodo 
Published: November 2018

✓A dose gradient index (GI) is proposed that can be used to compare treatment plans of equal conformity. The steep dose gradient outside the radiosurgical target is one of the factors that makes radiosurgery possible. It therefore makes sense to measure this variable and to use it to compare rival plans, explore optimal prescription isodoses, or compare treatment modalities.The GI is defined as the ratio of the volume of half the prescription isodose to the volume of the prescription isodose. For a plan normalized to the 50% isodose line, it is the ratio of the 25% isodose volume to that of the 50% isodose volume.The GI will differentiate between plans of similar conformity, but with different dose gradients, for example, where isocenters have been inappropriately centered on the edge of the target volume.In a retrospective series of 50 dose plans for the treatment of vestibular schwannoma, the optimal prescription isodose was assessed. A mean value of 40% (median 38%, range 30–61%) was calculated, not 50% as might be anticipated. The GI can show which of these prescription isodoses will give the steepest dose falloff outside the target.When planning a multiisocenter treatment, there may be a temptation to place some isocenters on the edge of the target. This has the apparent advantage of producing a plan of good conformity and a predictable prescription isodose; however, it risks creating a plan that has a low dose gradient outside the target. The quality of this dose gradient is quantified by the GI.
Gamma Knife surgery for the management of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Wu Hsiu-Mei , Pan David Hung-Chi , Chung Wen-Yuh , Guo Wan-Yuo , Liu Kang-Du , Shiau Cheng-Ying , Wang Ling-Wei , Chen Shih-Jen 
Published: November 2018

ObjectThe purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for the treatment of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CSDAVFs) and other intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (ODAVFs).MethodsAmong the 238 GKS procedures performed for intracranial DAVFs in the authors' institute, 227 cases (146 CSDAVFs and 81 OIDAVFs) with clinical follow up formed the database from which the authors determined clinical outcome and the incidence of untoward events. One hundred ninety-five cases (118 CSDAVFs and 77 ODAVFs) with imaging follow up formed the database from which the authors determined the imaging results.Older age, female sex, higher incidence of diabetes, and shorter duration of symptoms were noted more in cases of CSDAVF than in ODAVFs. Most patients had symptomatic improvement after GKS. A symptomatic cure was observed in one patient with CSDAVFs as early as 6 weeks. The cumulative cure rate based on follow-up angiography of CSDAVFs approached 75% at 24 months, which was much better than that of ODAVFs (approximately 50% at 24 months). A neuroimaging-based cure lagged behind that of the clinical symptoms. Overall, there were only two nonfatal intracerebral hemorrhages during the follow-up period, both occurring less than 1 week after GKS and both being Cognard Type IIa+b with initial aggressive symptoms. Transient deterioration of neurological status without hemorrhage was noted in six patients with ODAVFs. Thrombosis of the superior ophthalmic vein occurred in 11 patients with CSDAVFs, in two of whom there were unilateral visual impairments. There were three cranial nerve neuropathies: transient in one CSDAVF and one ODAVF involving the jugular foramen, and another one was a CSDAVF previously treated by conventional radiotherapy.Conclusions Gamma Knife surgery provides a safe and effective option for treatment of intracranial DAVFs with a low risk of complications. In cases of DAVFs with benign clinical presentation, GKS can serve as a primary treatment. In some cases of aggressive DAVFs in which there is extensive retrograde cortical vein drainage, combined treatment with embolization or surgery is suggested.
Ommaya reservoir placement followed by Gamma Knife surgery for large cystic metastatic brain tumors
Authors: Yamanaka Yuji , Shuto Takashi , Kato Yoriko , Okada Tomu , Inomori Shigeo , Fujino Hideyo , Nagano Hisato 
Published: November 2018

ObjectThe combination approach of Ommaya reservoir placement and Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) was evaluated for the treatment of large cystic metastatic brain tumors.MethodsThe medical records of 22 patients harboring 28 tumors, who underwent Ommaya reservoir placement followed by GKS for large cystic metastatic brain tumors were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' ages ranged 26 to 77 years (mean 57.1 years). The most common locations of primary malignancy were the breast (11 patients) followed by the lung (seven patients). The mean maximum diameter of the tumor was 40.1 mm before Ommaya reservoir placement and 31.2 mm at GKS (mean reduction of 19.9%). The mean calculated tumor volume at GKS was 13.4 cm3. The mean tumor margin dose was 16 Gy in 17 patients treated by GKS only and 11 Gy in five patients treated using both GKS and external radiotherapy. The mean follow-up period was 11.5 months. Nineteen (67.9%) of the 28 tumors were controlled. The median patient survival time was 7 months. Asymptomatic intracystic hemorrhage associated with Ommaya reservoir placement was seen in two patients with four tumors, but no serious complication occurred.Conclusions Ommaya reservoir placement followed by GKS is relatively effective and safe for large cystic metastatic brain tumors. Gamma Knife surgery should be performed within a few days of Ommaya reservoir placement. Reaccumulation and high viscosity of cystic content must be considered.
Evolution of Dislocation Loops Induced by Different Hydrogen Irradiation Conditions in Reduced-Activation Martensitic Steel
Authors: Zhang Weiping , Guo Liping , Shen Zhenyu , Xin Jingping , Huang Qunying , Wei Yaxia , Long Yunxiang , Zhou Xiong , Chen Cheng 
Published: November 2018

Hydrogen can be induced in various ways into reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels when they are used as structural materials for advanced nuclear systems. However, because of the fast diffusion of hydrogen in metals, the effect of hydrogen on the evolution of irradiation-induced defects was almost neglected. In the present work, the effect of hydrogen on the evolution of dislocation loops was investigated using a transmission electron microscope. Specimens of reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels were irradiated with hydrogen ions to 5 × 1020 H+ • m−2 at 523–823 K, and to 1 × 1020 H+ • m−2 − 5 × 1020 H+ • m−2 at 723 K. The experimental results reveal that there is an optimum temperature for dislocation loop growth, which is ~723 K, and it is greater than the reported values for neutron irradiations. Surprisingly, the sizes of the loops produced by hydrogen ions, namely, 93 nm and 286 nm for the mean and maximum value, respectively, at the peak dose of 0.16 dpa under 723 K, are much larger than that produced by neutrons and heavy ions at the same damage level and temperature. The results indicate that hydrogen could enhance the growth of loops. Moreover, 47.3% 1 2 a0 <111> and 52.7% a0 <100> loops were observed at 523 K, but 1 2 a0 <111> loops disappeared and only a0 <100> loops existed above 623 K. Compared with the neutron and ion irradiations, the presence of hydrogen promoted the formation of a0 <100> loops.
Croissance cristalline et répartition des oligo-éléments dans une pyrite triglyphe
Authors: Machairas Georges 
Published: November 2018

L'étude d'un cristal de pyrite de type triglyphe a montré que la forme cubique était construite par une répétition d'un très grand nombre des formes hémiédriques. Les oligo-éléments Pb˗Co˗Ag˗Cu se trouvent concentrés plutôt à la périphérie que vers le centre du cristal.
Nous avons étudié un cristal de pyrite de forme cubique et de 6,5 cm d'arête, provenant de la mine Cassandra (Grèce). Ce cristal de pyrite a été coupé par des plans passant par sa partie centrale et il a été possible d'observer la croissance du cristal du centre vers la périphérie.
Approche statistique de la structure des silicates fondus
Authors: Dron Roger 
Published: November 2018

The tetrahedral units constituting the anionic network of silicate melts form a population containing five species the relative abundance of which depends on the degree of neutralization of the silica. These species may be enumerated by the probability calculation.
In the absence of an electrostatic repulsion effect, the species are distributed in accordance with a binomial law of the fourth degree, and the model may be applied regardless of the composition.
It is shown that Masson' s model, applicable to compositions that are more basic than the metasilicate, can be developed by a statistical approach provided that the first two species are excluded.
By analogy, the problem of compositions less basic than the metasilicate is solved by eliminating the last two species. In a similar manner, the problem of compositions close to the metasilicate is solved by eliminating the first and last species.
In these domains, the anionic network would seem to be formed of four-strand nodes (first species) or three-strand nodes (second species). The strands are formed of (SiO2-3), chains and may have free ends. They are distributed in function of «in a decreasing geometrical progression.
The mean length of the strands can be calculated, and is invariably of the order of only a few units.
Regimes of the Vishniac–Ryu Decelerating Shock Instability
Authors: Drake R. P. , Doss F. W. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Here we revisit the derivation of the instability of dense shocked layers, originally developed by Vishniac and Ryu. Our motivation is that density profiles found in actual astrophysical and laboratory systems often do not match the assumptions in that paper. In order to identify the anticipated theoretical growth rates for various circumstances, one must first revisit the derivation and allow for the possibility that the density scale length differs, in magnitude and/or in sign, from the isothermal scale height. This analysis leads us to find regimes of purely convective instability and also of Vishniac stabilization of this instability, in addition to some new regimes of Vishniac behavior. We also identify a typographical error in the original paper that matters for quantitative evaluation of growth rates.
Pre-merger Electromagnetic Counterparts of Binary Compact Stars
Authors: Wang Jie-Shuang , Peng Fang-Kun , Wu Kinwah , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We investigate emission signatures of binary compact star gravitational wave (GW) sources consisting of strongly magnetized neutron stars (NSs) and/or white dwarfs (WDs) in their late-time inspiral phase. Because of electromagnetic interactions between the magnetospheres of the two compact stars, a substantial amount of energy will be extracted, and the resultant power is expected to be ∼1038–1044 erg s−1 in the last few seconds before the two stars merge, when the binary system contains a NS with a surface magnetic field 1012 G. The induced electric field in the process can accelerate charged particles up to the EeV energy range. Synchrotron radiation is emitted from energetic electrons, with radiative energies reaching the GeV energy for binary NSs and the MeV energy for NS–WD or double WD binaries. In addition, a blackbody component is also presented, and it peaks at several to hundreds keV for binary NSs and at several keV for NS–WD or double WD binaries. The strong angular dependence of the synchrotron radiation and the isotropic nature of the blackbody radiation lead to distinguishable modulation patterns between the two emission components. If coherent curvature radiation is presented, fast radio bursts could be produced. These components provide unique simultaneous electromagnetic signatures as precursors of GW events associated with magnetized compact star mergers and short gamma-ray bursts (e.g., GRB 100717).
Three-dimensional Oscillations of 21 Halo Coronal Mass Ejections Using Multi-spacecraft Data
Authors: Lee Harim , Moon Y.-J. , Nakariakov V. M. , Na Hyeonock , Cho Il-Hyun , Park Eunsu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We investigate the 3D structure of kinematic oscillations of full halo coronal mass ejections (FHCMEs) using multi-spacecraft coronagraph data from two non-parallel lines of sight. For this, we consider 21 FHCMEs which are simultaneously observed by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory A or B, from 2010 June to 2012 August when the spacecraft were roughly in quadrature. Using sequences of running difference images, we estimate the instantaneous projected speeds of the FHCMEs at 24 different azimuthal angles in the planes of the sky of those coronagraphs. We find that all these FHCMEs have experienced kinematic oscillations characterized by quasi-periodic variations of the instantaneous projected radial velocity with periods ranging from 24 to 48 min. The oscillations detected in the analyzed events are found to show distinct azimuthal wave modes. Thirteen events (about 62%) are found to oscillate with the azimuthal wave number m = 1. The oscillating directions of the nodes of the m = 1 mode for these FHCMEs are consistent with those of their position angles (or the direction of eruption), with a mean difference of about 23°. The oscillation amplitude is found to correlate well with the projected radial speed of the CME. An estimation of Lorentz accelerations shows that they are dominant over other forces, implying that the magnetic force is responsible for the kinematic oscillations of CMEs. However, we cannot rule out other possibilities: a global layer of enhanced current around the CMEs or the nonlinear nature of its driver, for example the effect of vortex shedding.
A Strong Jet Signature in the Late-time Light Curve of GW170817
Authors: Mooley K. P. , Frail D. A. , Dobie D. , Lenc E. , Corsi A. , De K. , Nayana A. J. , Makhathini S. , Heywood I. , Murphy T. , Kaplan D. L. , Chandra P. , Smirnov O. , Nakar E. , Hallinan G. , Camilo F. , Fender R. , Goedhart S. , Groot P. , Kasliwal M. M. , Kulkarni S. R. , Woudt P. A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We present new 0.6–10 GHz observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 covering the period up to 300 days post-merger, taken with the upgraded Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope and the MeerKAT telescope. We use these data to precisely characterize the decay phase of the late-time radio light curve. We find that the temporal decay is consistent with a power-law slope of t
−2.2, and that the transition between the power-law rise and decay is relatively sharp. Such a slope cannot be produced by a quasi-isotropic (cocoon-dominated) outflow, but is instead the classic signature of a relativistic jet. This provides strong observational evidence that GW170817 produced a successful jet, and directly demonstrates the link between binary neutron star mergers and short-hard gamma-ray bursts. Using simple analytical arguments, we derive constraints on the geometry and the jet opening angle of GW170817. These results are consistent with those from our companion very long baseline interferometry paper, reporting superluminal motion in GW170817.
Triptyque sur la comédie
Authors: Fiorentino Francesco , Pavesio Monica 
Published: November 2018

Pour construire une bibliographie des études italiennes sur la comédie française du xvii e siècle, nous avons partagé le théâtre comique en trois périodes : la comédie avant Molière, la comédie de Molière – à qui nous avons laissé la centralité qui lui revient – et la comédie des contemporains et des successeurs de Molière. En ce qui concerne la comédie avant Molière, les études des francisants italiens se sont concentrées sur la circulation des sujets espagnols et italiens en France, avec les travaux de Daniela Dalla Valle, Valeria Pompejano, Monica Pavesio, Alessandra Preda. On peut faire commencer la critique italienne sur l’œuvre de Molière par les études de Giovanni Macchia à propos des personnages de Dom Juan et de Tartuffe. La génération successive a fourni la contribution la plus importante avec l’interprétation que Francesco Orlando a donnée du Misanthrope. Plus récemment il faut signaler en particulier les travaux de Delia Gambelli sur les rapports de Molière avec la commedia dell’arte et ceux de Francesco Fiorentino sur la conception du ridicule et du comique dans ses comédies. Quant à la comédie des contemporains et des successeurs de Molière, la question de l’influence de la commedia dell’arte continue à se révéler centrale, par exemple avec l’édition de Dorimond, fournie par Mariangela Mazzocchi Doglio et les études de Claudio Vinti et Barbara Sommovigo.
Le genre narratif et ses poétiques
Authors: Giorgi Giorgetto 
Published: November 2018

L’article analyse les nombreux travaux élaborés par la critique italienne (environ depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix du siècle dernier jusqu’à nos jours) sur le genre narratif du Grand Siècle et sur les poétiques qui l’ont codifié. Vu l’ampleur du sujet, deux critères ont été adoptés pour entreprendre cette complexe analyse : une articulation en époques (ont été regroupées, tout d’abord, les recherches qui concernent le genre narratif de l’âge baroque et, en second lieu, celles qui portent sur le genre narratif de l’âge classique) et une articulation qui prend en compte les multiples sous-genres qui caractérisent la narrativité (ont été en effet tour à tour examinés les travaux qui se rapportent à l’épopée, au roman – dans ses différentes formes –, à la nouvelle – dans ses diverses modalités –, et au conte de fées. Dans tous ces domaines, les exégètes italiens n’ont pas manqué d’avancer des propositions souvent originales, et en tout cas toujours dignes d’attention.
Un foyer de recherches sur Pascal et Port-Royal
Authors: Romeo Maria Vita 
Published: November 2018

Un centre d’étude sur Pascal et le xvii e est né auprès de l’université de Catane et il est devenu rapidement le centre d’un réseau italien d’études pascaliennes, qui partagent généralement le souci de dépasser une lecture de la pensée de Pascal comme « pensée fragmentée », déconstruite, marquée par une anthropologie négative et par une approche relativiste des problèmes de la connaissance. Le CESPES, opérant en collaboration avec des spécialistes français, a relancé également les études sur Port-Royal, notamment sur la dimension philosophique de la pensée des Solitaires. Il a favorisé la diffusion en Italie d’ouvrages en traduction, aussi bien de Pascal que de la critique française actuelle ou de quelques classiques de la critique. Une édition italienne des œuvres complètes de Pascal est en préparation.
La fabrique d’une résidence ministérielle : relecture de l’hôtel Séguier
Authors: Faisant Étienne 
Published: November 2018

Reconnu comme une demeure de grande qualité dès le milieu du xvi e siècle, le futur hôtel Séguier fut fortement amélioré pour le duc de Bellegarde à partir du milieu des années 1620. Ces importants travaux étant restés inachevés, il revint à Pierre Séguier, acquéreur de la propriété en 1634, de les faire terminer sur un plan encore plus imposant que celui prévu. Le chancelier fit ensuite à nouveau agrandir à plusieurs reprises son hôtel, au sein duquel il constitua notamment, à la fin de sa vie, une suite impressionnante de pièces entièrement dévolues à l’exercice de ses fonctions et à la parade.
À quoi nous sert Bion dans la clinique ?
Authors: Korff-Sausse Simone 
Published: November 2018

L’auteur soutient l’idée que l’œuvre de W. R. Bion, considérée comme ardue et abstraite, a en réalité des implications cliniques, en particulier pour les situations qui semblent échapper à l’approche psychanalytique classique, telles celles des enfants handicapés et les cliniques de l’extrême. Un exemple clinique permettra d’illustrer cela. Bion nous aide à comprendre la nature de la communication émotionnelle préverbale du nourrisson avec sa mère et, par extension, les niveaux de fonctionnement archaïques, non verbaux et émotionnels dans le fonctionnement intersubjectif entre adultes.
Sur l’expropriation des expropriateurs
Authors: Balibar Étienne 
Published: November 2018

En se fondant sur une explication généalogique, philologique et contextuelle de la célèbre formule sur « l’expropriation des expropriateurs » qui, figurant à la fin de la section sur la « tendance historique de l’accumulation capitaliste », passe pour en délivrer les conclusions politiques, on se propose de démontrer que le livre I du Capital, tout en formant indiscutablement une « œuvre », n’en est pas moins essentiellement inachevable, et par voie de conséquence ouvert sur une pluralité de conceptions de la lutte des classes. Pour les postmarxistes que nous sommes, la grande question est de savoir comment définir les alternatives que comporte le capitalisme contemporain, qui s’inscrit dans l’histoire après l’expérience du socialisme. Pour ce travail, la méditation des voies dans lesquelles Marx s’est engagé demeure une expérience sans égale, même si elle ne suffit pas.
Marx et le monde du droit
Authors: Quiviger Pierre-Yves 
Published: November 2018

Y a-t‑il chez Marx quelque chose comme un « monde du droit » ? En admettant l’impureté essentielle du droit et l’impossibilité de l’abstraire du monde social et économique dans lequel il se déploie (et les rapports de force qu’il fige), y a-t‑il néanmoins une histoire propre à ces phénomènes impurs de et du droit – une « histoire du monde du droit » ? Si le droit n’est que reflet ou simple instrument, n’est-il pas néanmoins possible d’isoler conceptuellement la juridicité et de retracer l’histoire impure des manifestations concrètes de cette juridicité ? La discussion est théorique mais elle est aussi pratique : il s’agit de savoir si le droit est une ressource mobilisable dans des luttes émancipatrices ou s’il transporte avec lui inéluctablement les intérêts des classes dominantes.