bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zeolitization of Glassy Topopah Spring Tuff Under Hydrothermal Conditions
Authors: Knauss Kevin G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn support of the Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigations Project experiments were conducted to study the effects of heat generated by a nuclear waste repository in densely welded, devitrified tuff on the underlying, compositionally-equivalent glassy tuff at Yucca Mtn. Solid wafers of glassy tuff were reacted with a dilute ground water for several months at 150°C and 250°C at 100 bars pressure in Dickson-type, gold-bag rocking autoclaves. The in-situ chemistry of the hydrothermal fluids was modeled and the chemical affinities for all possible mineral precipitation reactions (contained within the extensive database) were calculated using the EQ3/6 program.In the 250°C experiment the calculations suggest that a zeolite mineral would be expected to form. Analyses of the run products showed that not only had the wafer been extensively corroded and the glass shards replaced by clinoptilolite, but pure clinoptilolite had precipitated directly from solution. In the 150°C experiment, although clay minerals were thermodynamically favored to form in the first half of the experiment, by the end of the run a zeolite mineral was predicted to form. Analyses of the run products showed no well-formed secondary minerals (clays or zeolites) had formed. At the lower temperature the effects of precipitation kinetics may preclude the formation of the zeolite within the time span of this experiment. In general the observations are in relatively good agreement with the geochemical model calculations. This type of study demonstrates the interpretive/predictive capabilities of a combined experimental/geochemical modeling approach to studies of nuclear waste isolation. This combined approach will aid in satisfying licensing requirements to assure long-term performance.
Transport of Radionuclides by Conncentrated Brine in a Porous Medium with Micropore-Macropore Structure
Authors: Hassanizadeh S. Majid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis work concerns itself with the study of effects of soil aggregation and high salt concentrations on the transport of radionuclides by concentrated brine flowing through an aggregated porous medium. The medium is considered to be composed of porous rock aggregates separated by macropores through which the brine flows and transport of salt and radionuclides takes place. The aggregates contain dead-end pores, cracks, and stationary pockets collectively called micropores. The micropore space does not contribute to the flow, but it serves as a storage for salt and radionuclides. Adsorption of radionuclides takes place at internal surfaces of aggregates where we assume that a linear equilibrium isotherm describes the process.A one-dimensional numerical model is developed which is based on two sets of equations: one set for the flow and transport of salt and another set for transport of radionuclides. Results of numerical experiments clearly indicate that that. the existence of high salt concentrations markedly reduces the peak of nuclides concentration and slows down their movement. Also, it is found that diffusive mass exchange between macropores and aggregates results in a pronounced lowering of the radionuclides concentration peaks.
Influence of stress on structural and dielectric anomaly of Bi2(Zn1/3Ta2/3)207 thin films
Authors: Noh Jun Hong , Hong Hee Bum , Hong Kug Sun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBi2(Zn1/3Ta2/3)2O7 (BZT) thin films were grown on the (111) oriented Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. BZT thin films deposited at an oxygen partial pressure of 400 mTorr have the non-stoichiometric anomalous cubic phase despite the BZT target was the monoclinic phase. Compositions, the lattice mismatch, the interfacial layer and the residual stress in the film were investigated as the factors which may affect the formation of the anomalous cubic phase. Among them, the coherent interfacial layer which formed at high oxygen pressures resulted in the formation of the cubic phase by reducing the internal stress.
Thermal stress relaxation of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition silicon nitride
Authors: Morin P. , Martinez E. , Wacquant F. , Regolini J. L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMechanical and thermal properties of silicon nitride films deposited by different plasma process type have been studied. The initial mechanical stress, thickness and hydrogen content have been evaluated respectively by wafer curvature measurements, ellipsometry and Fourier Transform Infra Red spectrometry. These nitrides presented as-deposited stress values ranging from compressive to tensile. High temperature Rapid Thermal Anneal (RTA) at 1100°C or longer thermal treatments at medium temperature, from 700°C to 850°C were carried out on these materials. The evolution of their properties along the different anneals have been measured and compared to the behaviour of high temperature thermal nitride. One can observe that these stoechiometric plasma nitrides have shifted to an equilibrium tensile stress around 1100-1200 Mpa when submitted to the RTA, independently of their initial stress values. Results are interpreted in terms of H desorption and Si-N bond formation. Chemical reaction Si2-N-H + 2 N-H → 2 Si-N + NH3 appears to be the best candidate to figure out the phenomena.
Correlation Between Elastic Constants and Magnetic Anisotropy in Co/Pt Superlattice Thin Films
Authors: Nakamura Nobutomo , Ogi Hirotsugu , Ono Teruo , Hirao Masahiko , Yasui Takeshi , Matsuda Osamu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study contribution of the magnetoelastic anisotropy effect on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of Co/Pt superlattice thin films. The effective-magnetic anisotropy energy was measured for Co/Pt thin films with a constant Co-layer thickness (4 Å) deposited on silicon substrate by the ultrahigh-vacuum deposition method. As the Pt-layer thickness increases, the effective-magnetic anisotropy energy increases and decreases after showing a maximum at the Pt-layer thickness of 12 Å. This behavior can be explained only by the magnetoelastic anisotropy effect, that is, elastic-strain energy released through the magnetostriction effect with the strain-dependent elastic constants.
Lidar Technology Role in Future Robotic and Manned Missions to Solar System Bodies
Authors: Baize Rosemary R. , Amzajerdian Farzin , Tolson Robert , Davidson John , Powell Richard W. , Peri Frank 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFuture planetary exploration missions will require safe and precision soft-landing to target scientifically interesting sites near hazardous terrain features, such as escarpments, craters, slopes, and rocks. Although the landing accuracy has steadily improved over time to approximately 35 km for the recent Mars Exploration Rovers due to better approach navigation, a drastically different guidance, navigation and control concept is required to meet future mission requirements. For example, future rovers will require better than 6 km landing accuracy for Mars and better than 1 km for the Moon plus 100 m maneuvering capability to avoid hazards. Laser Radar or Lidar technology can be the key to meeting these objectives since it can provide highresolution 3-D maps of the terrain, accurately measure ground proximity and velocity, and determine atmospheric pressure and wind velocity. These lidar capabilities can enable the landers of the future to identify the pre-selected landing zone and hazardous terrain features within it, determine the optimum flight path, having atmospheric pressure and winds data, and accurately navigate using precision ground proximity and velocity data. This paper examines the potential of lidar technology in future human and robotic missions to the Moon, Mars, and other planetary bodies. A guidance and navigation control architecture concept utilizing lidar sensors will be presented and its operation will be described. The performance and physical requirements of the lidar sensors will be also discussed.
Acción colectiva y desarrollo rural: las instituciones de organización de la calidad
Authors: Macías Vázquez Alfredo 
Published: June 2019

Propósito: Desde un enfoque institucional, pretendemos iniciar un debate analizando las instituciones de acción colectiva más representativas de la organización de la calidad a escala territorial, donde se generan procesos de labelización que permiten a las comunidades locales desarrollar un cierto poder de mercado para fijar el valor generado en el mismo territorio.Descripción: En el trabajo, analizamos cómo las carencias a nivel de las relaciones de cooperación entre los actores condicionan la potencialidad de este tipo de instituciones para enfrentar los desafíos para un desarrollo rural sostenible en la globalización.Punto de vista: En la literatura académica, ha existido una escasa atención al análisis de la acción colectiva de los activos inmateriales comunes de las comunidades locales. Conclusiones: la organización colectiva de la calidad representa un actor colectivo importante desde el punto de vista de orientar estratégicamente el proceso de innovación tecnológica, con todas las consecuencias económicas e institucionales que ello conlleva (Macías y Vence, 2013). Si logramos que realmente una organización cooperativa de estas características asuma un rol protagonista en la difusión de innovaciones tecnológicas, seguramente estaremos en mejores condiciones de pensar y proyectar estrategias de desarrollo rural más eficaces y más integrales.
Economic and environmental analysis of solar water heater utilisation in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Özdemir Enver Doruk , Marathe Sheetal Dattatraya , Tomaschek Jan , Dobbins Audrey , Eltrop Ludger 
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on the energy economics and environmental impacts of solar water heaters (SWH) in the Gauteng Province and compares the results with other technology options for residential water heating with regard to the different income groups. The critical energy situation in South Africa and the highly coal dependent energy generation demonstrates the need to shift to a more sustainable way of living. The residential sector proves to be an optimal starting point to implement new technologies, especially for water heating. The residential hot water demand calculation shows that the annual demand in Gauteng is about 188 million cubic meters. In order to satisfy this demand, different technologies are investigated in this paper, where SWHs lie in focus. Due to the vast income inequality in Gauteng, and also in South Africa, it is obvious that there cannot be one single optimal solution suitable to all households. Therefore, this paper focuses on the differentiation of the residential sector into income groups to show the divergence in warm water demand and the applicability of alternative technologies. In order to analyse appropriate solutions for all income groups, low-cost alternatives are also analysed. The economic analysis shows that although SWHs have higher investment costs than conventional technologies, the payback periods are relatively short (between 3 and 4 years) for high and mid income groups. The payback periods will be even shorter when the planned electricity price tariff increase comes into effect. Furthermore, SWH utilisation has the additional effect of reducing the overall electricity demand up to 70% and greenhouse gas emissions significantly. In addition, SWHs are the most cost-effective water heating technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for mid and high income groups with negative abatement costs.It is concluded that the SWHs are the most suitable option to decrease fossil energy consumption and reduce the household’s expenditure for energy services, especially for mid and high income groups. For lower income groups the utilisation of solar energy can increase the access to energy services and living quality and, therewith, lessen the financial burden to meet their energy needs.
Safe Sleep Practices of Kansas Birthing Hospitals
Authors: Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn R. , Schunn Christy , Sage Cherie , Engel Matthew , Benton Mary 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Sleep-related death is tied with congenital anomaliesas the leading cause of infant mortality in Kansas, and externalrisk factors are present in 83% of these deaths. Hospitals can impactcaregiver intentions to follow risk-reduction strategies. This projectassessed the current practices and policies of Kansas hospitals withregard to safe sleep.
Methods. A cross-sectional survey of existing safe sleep practicesand policies in Kansas hospitals was performed. Hospitals were categorizedbased on reported delivery volume and data were comparedacross hospital sizes.
Results. Thirty-one of 73 (42%) contacted hospitals responded. Individualsurvey respondents represented various hospital departmentsincluding newborn/well-baby (68%), neonatal intensive care unit(3%) and other non-nursery departments or administration (29%).Fifty-eight percent of respondents reported staff were trained oninfant safe sleep; 44% of these held trainings annually. High volumehospitals tended to have more annual training than low or mid volumebirth hospitals. Thirty-nine percent reported a safe sleep policy,though most of these (67%) reported never auditing compliance. Thetop barrier to safe sleep education, regardless of delivery volume, wasconflicting patient and family member beliefs.
Conclusions. Hospital promotion of infant safe sleep is being conductedin Kansas to varying degrees. High and mid volume birthhospitals may need to work more on formal auditing of safe sleeppractices, while low volume hospitals may need more staff training.Low volume hospitals also may benefit from access to additional caregivereducation materials. Finally, it is important to note hospitalsshould not be solely responsible for safe sleep education.KS J Med 2018;11(1):1-4.
Transgender Health Medical Education Intervention and its Effects on Beliefs, Attitudes, Comfort, and Knowledge
Authors: Cherabie Joseph , Nilsen Kari , Houssayni Sarah 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Transgender health disparities have been well documentedin the literature in recent years, as have the lack of transgenderhealth issues in medical education programs across the country.
Methods. A prospective study was conducted with an hour-longdidactic lecture on transgender health being given to faculty, medicalstudents, and residents at the University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita. The didactic lecture included educational informationand presentations by transgender persons. A pre-intervention andtwo post-intervention survey was given to assess attitudes, comfortlevel, knowledge, and beliefs regarding the treatment of transgenderedpersons and associated health concerns. A second post-interventionsurvey was given at 90 days. The question of what attendees plannedto do differently as a result of the intervention was asked.
Results. The intervention provided a significant positive increase inattitudes, comfort levels, and knowledge with respect to transgenderhealth issues between the pre- and post-intervention surveys,however, did not provide a significant positive increase in beliefs ontransgender health issues. There was no significant change in attitude,comfort levels, knowledge, or beliefs from the post-survey after 90days. Four categories of what attendees planned to do differently as aresult of the intervention also were identified.
Conclusions. A didactic lecture on transgender health issues canpositively change attitudes, comfort levels, and knowledge on transgenderhealth issues significantly with the changes sustaining after 90days. Beliefs tend to be much harder to change.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):106-109.
Comparison of Continuous Versus Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR in a Rural Community
Authors: Thomas Gregory M. , Prescott James T. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in patientswith out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have interruption ofmanual chest compressions for airway management and breathingwhen performed by medical personnel trained by Advanced CardiacLife Support (ACLS) standards. This interruption likely reducesblood flow and possibly survival. Traditional CPR (30:2 compressionsto ventilations) was compared with continuous chest compressions,CCC (also termed Cardiocerebral Resuscitation, CCR) in a ruralcommunity.
Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis of three years of traditionalCPR (June 2008 - May 2011) for OHCA was compared tothree years of using CCC protocols (June 2011 - May 2014). Primaryoutcomes were survival at one and six months.
Results. There were 58 0HCA patients in the six year study period(June 2008 - May 2014). Forty (69%) received CPR and 18 (31%)received CCC. Two (5%) survived at least one month with CPR andeight (44%) survived at least one month with CCC (p = 0.0007).After six months, 0/40 (0%) who received CPR had survived and6/18 (33%) who received CCC survived (p = 0.0018). For the patientfound in ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (a shockable rhythm),0/13 (0.0%) survived one month after CPR and 7/9 (78%) survivedwith CCC (p < 0.01). After six months 0/13 (0.0%) survived withCPR and 6/9 (67%) survived with CCC (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. For patients in a rural environment with OHCA, CCChad a more favorable outcome than traditional CPR. For the patientfound in ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, there wasa profound survival benefit of CCC over CPR.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):110-113.
Intra-Operative Experience using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Based Patient Specific Cutting Guides during Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Albrecht Ryan K. , Chong Alexander C.M. , Wooley Paul H. , Bhargava Tarun 
Published: June 2019

Background. The incidence of malalignment in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) using conventional instrument has beenreported as high as 25%. A relatively new TKA system involvesthe use of a preoperative magnetic resonance image(MRI) to obtain accurate implant placement more consistently.For broad acceptance of this new technique, it iscrucial to analyze the initial intra-operative experience. Thespecific aim of this study was to evaluate the initial intra-operativeexperience of a single surgeon using this new technique.
Methods. A total of 15 knees (12 patients: 6 female and 6male) were reviewed from TKA procedures using the selectedmanufacturer’s patient specific cutting guides between January2011 and April 2013 at a single institution. Patient demographicand specific parameters and intra-operative alterationsof component positioning were recorded and evaluated.Results. The preoperative plan was able to predict correctly thesize of the implanted femoral component in 87% (n = 13) andtibial component in 80% (n = 12) of the cases. However, 60% (n= 9) of cases required additional intra-operative corrections onfemoral resection, and 73% (n = 11) required an additional 2 - 4mm correction on the tibial proximal resection. Twenty percent(n = 3) required additional tibial varus/valgus correction, butthere were no tibial slope corrections for any of the 15 cases.
Conclusions. The initial intra-operative experience of a singlesurgeon using current patient specific cutting guides for a selectedmanufacturer to align femoral and tibial components duringTKA has raised some concerns. We agreed with previous studiesthat caution should be taken when using patient specific cuttingguides without supportive data. The findings of this study providedadditional evidence to contest the accuracy of patient specificcutting guides with respect to the initial experience of an orthopaedicsurgeon who is trained in total joint replacement. Theresults provided more evidence to assist orthopaedic surgeonsin the decision of whether to use these patient specific systemsversus conventional TKA methods. KS J Med 2016;9(2):22-26.
El sector cinematográfico europeo. Crisis ontológica y ¿crisis económica?
Authors: Videla Rodríguez José Juan , Costa Sánchez Carmen 
Published: June 2019

El sector cinematográfico constituye un área económica con unas características singulares, que en Europa ha recibido la protección y la ayuda de las autoridades públicas nacionales y europeas para su desarrollo. A su situación, se añade la complicada coyuntura económica de los últimos años, una etapa difícil para los ciudadanos, para los gobiernos y para las empresas que trabajan en el sector, lo que hace que nos preguntemos, ¿cómo está afectando la crisis económica actual a la cinematografía europea? Para dar respuesta a este interrogante, revisaremos las cifras clave de los mercados cinematográficos de España, Francia, Italia y Reino Unido en el período comprendido entre 2002 y 2009.
Educação sociocomunitária: tecendo saberes
Authors: Kirsch Deise Becker 
Published: June 2019

RESUMOO livro Educação sociocomunitária: tecendo saberes é composto por onze capítulos, escritos por professores e alunos do Programa de Mestrado em Educação do Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo/UNISAL. A obra discute abordagens conceituais da educação sociocomunitária, e aspossibilidades que tais conceituações abrem para a compreensão de diversas problemáticas educacionais, em diferentes espaços socioeducativos. Os textos apresentam como fio condutor a análise de processos educacionais que possibilitem a transformação de realidades, a autonomia e a emancipação dos sujeitos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Sociocomunitária. Emancipação. Cultura. Sociedade. Socio-communitarian education: weaving knowledgeABSTRACTThe book socio-communitarian Education: weaving knowledge consists of eleven chapters written by teachers and students in the Masters Program in Education from the Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo/UNISAL. The book discusses conceptual approaches to socio-communitarian education, and the possibilities that such conceptualizations open to understanding various educational issues in different social and educational spaces. The texts present as thread analysis of educational processes that enable the transformation of realities, autonomy and emancipation of individuals.KEYWORDS: Education socio-communitarian. Emancipation. Culture. Society. La educación socio-comunitaria: tejiendo saberesRESUMENEl libro La educación socio-comunitaria: tejiendo saberes consta de once capítulos escritos por profesores y alumnos de la Maestría en Educación del Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo / UNISAL El libro discute enfoques conceptuales de la educación socio-comunitaria, y las posibilidades que este tipo de conceptualizaciones abren a la comprensión de diversas cuestiones educativas en diferentes espacios socioeducativos. Los textos presentan como hilo conductor el análisis de los procesos educativos que permiten la transformación de las realidades, la autonomía y la emancipación de los individuos.PALABRAS CLAVE: educación socio-comunitaria. Emancipación. Cultura. Sociedad.