bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional analysis of spatial resolution of MIRO/Rosetta measurements at 67P/Churyumov-Gersimenko
Authors: Rezac L. , Zhao Y. , Hartogh P. , Ji J. , Marshall D. , Shi X. 
Published: May 2019

Context. The MIRO instrument’s remote sensing capability is integral to constraining water density, temperature, and velocity fields in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gersimenko.
Aims. Our aim is to quantify how much water density originates from the facets of the shape model within the field of view of MIRO versus the water contribution from all the other facets. This information is crucial to understanding the MIRO derived coma production rates and their relation to the nucleus characteristics, and to understanding the spatial resolution of the measurements.
Methods. This study relies on a detailed 3D nucleus shape model, illumination conditions, and the pointing information of the viewing geometry. With these parameters we can evaluate the relative contribution of water density originating from facets directly inside the MIRO beam and outside the beam as a function of distance along the MIRO line of sight. We also calculate the ratio of in-beam versus out-of-beam water gas number density.
Results. We demonstrate that despite the rather small MIRO field of view there is only a small fraction of molecules that originate from facets within the MIRO beam. This is true for the nadir, but a similar conclusion can also be applied to the limb observing geometry.
Conclusions. The MIRO instrument cannot discriminate active from inactive regions directly from observations. This study also suggests that the beam averaged solar incidence angle, local time, and mean normal vectors are not necessarily related to molecules within the MIRO beam. These results also illustrate why the 1D spherical Haser model can be applied with relative success to analyzing the MIRO data (and generally any Rosetta measurements). The future possibilities of constraining gas activity distribution on the surface should use 3D codes extracting information from the MIRO spectral line shapes which contain additional information. The results presented here are applicable to remote sensing instruments on board Rosetta.
Transiting exocomets detected in broadband light by TESS in the β Pictoris system
Authors: Zieba S. , Zwintz K. , Kenworthy M. A. , Kennedy G. M. 
Published: May 2019

Aims. We search for signs of falling evaporating bodies (FEBs, also known as exocomets) in photometric time series obtained for β Pictoris after fitting and removing its δ Scuti-type pulsation frequencies.
Methods. Using photometric data obtained by the TESS satellite we determined the pulsational properties of the exoplanet host star β Pictoris through frequency analysis. We then pre-whitened the 54 identified δ Scuti p-modes and investigated the residual photometric time series for the presence of FEBs.
Results. We identify three distinct dipping events in the light curve of β Pictoris over a 105-day period. These dips have depths from 0.5 to 2 millimagnitudes and durations of up to 2 days for the largest dip. These dips are asymmetric in nature and are consistent with a model of an evaporating comet with an extended tail crossing the disc of the star
Conclusions. We present the first broadband detections of exocomets crossing the disc of β Pictoris, complementing the predictions made 20 years earlier by Lecavelier Des Etangs et al. (1999, A&A, 343, 916). No periodic transits are seen in this time series. These observations confirm the spectroscopic detection of exocomets in calcium H and K lines that have been seen in high resolution spectroscopy.
Intertester-Reliabilität des Upper Limb Neural Tension Tests (ULNT) 1
Authors: Schüßler Beate , Pfingsten Andrea , Schöttker-Königer Thomas 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungZur Überprüfung der Nervenleitfähigkeit werden Kraft, Reflexe und Sensibilität getestet. Bei der Untersuchung der Mechanosensitivität eines Nervs kommen neurodynamische Tests zum Einsatz. Der Upper Limb Neural Tension Test (ULNT) 1 bestimmt die Mechanosensitivität des N. medianus.Ziel der Studie war die Untersuchung der Intertester-Reliabilität des ULNT 1 von nicht spezialisierten Physiotherapeuten bei Probanden mit unilateralen Nacken- und/oder Armsymptomen.Die Therapeuten beurteilten binär und metrisch die Kriterien patientenspezifische Symptome, strukturelle Differenzierung und Bewegungsausmaß sowie das Gesamtergebnis bei 33 Patienten mit unilateralen Nacken- und/oder Armsymptomen. Bei den binären Daten bestimmte der Fleiss-Kappa und bei den metrischen Daten der Intraklassen-Korrelationskoeffizient die Reliabilität. Die zusätzlich erstellten Regressionsmodelle sollten den Einfluss der einzelnen Beurteilungskriterien auf die Gesamtentscheidung herausfiltern.Mit Ausnahme der Reproduzierbarkeit patientenspezifischer Symptome scheint die Beurteilung des ULNT 1 durch nicht spezialisierte Therapeuten nur schlecht vergleichbar zu sein. Da die metrische Bewertungsweise die individuellen Schwellenwerte besser darstellt, ist diese der binären vorzuziehen.
Mid- and long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection for submucosal esophageal cancer types pT1b-SM1 and pT1b-SM2
Authors: Mora Andres , Kawada Kenro , Nakajima Yasuaki , Okada Takuya , Tokairin Yutaka , Kawano Tatsuyuki 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) are promising therapeutic options for early esophageal cancer (EC). The factors that can affect mid- and long-term survival in patients with submucosal EC (SM1 and SM2) have not been described in the literature. We aim to describe clinicopathological outcomes and factors that can affect the mid- and long-term survival in patients with resected submucosal tumors.
Patients and methods We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent endoscopic resection (ER) for submucosal tumors over a 20-year period. The final study population included 119 cases with 137 lesions. Information was collected according to the Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer 11-edition and factors affecting survival for 2 and 5 years after ER were analyzed.
Results EMR was performed in 99 cases (72.3 %), ESD in 38 cases (27.7 %). There were no significant complications. Two- and 5-year survival rates were 91 % and 82 %, respectively. Mean age was 67.22 years (± 9.49 years), mortality caused by EC occurred in 13 cases (11 %). Factors that had a significant impact on long-term survival were age > 65 years (P = 0.0026), number of resected specimens (P = 0.0031), presence of another progressive disease (not EC) (P ≤ 0.001), recurrence (P = 0.0002), and relation between histopathological positive vertical margin and recurrence (P = 0.0112).
Conclusions ER is viable treatment for esophageal submucosal cancer, selection between ESD/EMR can depend on tumor size and patient condition, and en bloc ER is the recommended technique for submucosal tumors. Long-term survival factors were identified.
Double-Tract-Rekonstruktion nach Resektion des gastroösophagealen Übergangs wegen AEG-II- und -III-Tumoren
Authors: Hölscher Arnulf , Berlth Felix , Hemmerich Martin , Minot Stephen , Schmidt Henner 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungBei selektionierten AEG-Typ-II- und -III-Tumoren (AEG: Adenokarzinome des ösophagogastralen Übergangs) der T-Kategorien 1 und 2 kann der distale Magen nach proximaler Resektion ohne Beeinträchtigung der Radikalität und der Prognose erhalten werden. Als Rekonstruktion wird die Doppeltraktanlage mit Seit-zu-Seit-Anastomosierung des distalen Magens in die Roux-Y-Jejunumschlinge nach Ösophagojejunostomie dargestellt. Nach der Literatur hat dieses Verfahren eine niedrige Rate von postoperativer Refluxösophagitis und erfordert gegenüber der totalen Gastrektomie signifikant geringere Dosen an Vitamin-B12-Substitution, und die Hämoglobinwerte sind signifikant höher.
Erbgut beeinflusst Blutglukosereaktion
Authors: Rathmann Wolfgang , Strassburger Klaus , Bongaerts Brenda , Kuss Oliver , Müssig Karsten , Burkart Volker , Szendroedi Julia , Kotzka Jörg , Knebel Birgit , Al-Hasani Hadi , Roden Michael 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Glukosetransporter GLUT-2 wird unter anderem vom Gen SLC2A2 kodiert. Bei Trägern des C-Allels ließ sich unter Metformin Monotherapie die Blutglukose (nüchtern) besser absenken (Differenz: 114 mg/dl vs 70 mg/dl). In einer Studie des Metformin Genetics (MetGen) Konsortiums mit mehr als 13 000 Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes hat sich gezeigt, dass diese Variante im Glukosetransporter-Gen GLUT-2 bei einer Behandlung mit Metformin Auswirkungen auf den Langzeit-Blutglukosewert (HbA1c-Wert) hat. Diese Genvariante ist mit einer verbesserten Glukosereaktion auf Metformin-Monotherapie im ersten Jahr nach der Diagnose bei Typ-2-Diabetes verbunden.
Adrenergic receptor antagonism induces neuroprotection and facilitates recovery from acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Monai Hiromu , Wang Xiaowen , Yahagi Kazuko , Lou Nanhong , Mestre Humberto , Xu Qiwu , Abe Yoichiro , Yasui Masato , Iwai Youichi , Nedergaard Maiken , Hirase Hajime 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Stroke is one of the most prevalent types of acute brain injury, and rehabilitation poses globally a significant personal as well as socioeconomic burden. We here demonstrate a potent mitigation of stroke-induced brain damage by blocking adrenergic receptors. Stroke induces cortical spreading depolarizations which repeatedly increases extracellular potassium. We show that adrenergic receptor antagonism promotes the normalization of extracellular medium following stroke. From a translational standpoint, this approach may offer an affordable approach to current treatments such as tissue plasminogen activator administration and mechanical thrombectomy.
Glucose transporter inhibitor-conjugated insulin mitigates hypoglycemia
Authors: Wang Jinqiang , Yu Jicheng , Zhang Yuqi , Kahkoska Anna R. , Wang Zejun , Fang Jun , Whitelegge Julian P. , Li Song , Buse John B. , Gu Zhen 
Published: May 2019

SignificanceGlucose-responsive insulin analogs or delivery systems are desirable for enhancing health and improving quality of life of people with diabetes. We describe here a simple strategy to engineer a long-acting insulin analog, which can establish an endogenous Glut-associated delivery reservoir of insulin that can modulate glucose metabolism in a blood glucose-dependent manner. Importantly, after subcutaneous injection, in vivo blood glucose regulation was validated in a type 1 diabetic mouse model with negligible hypoglycemia.
Arabic audiovisual translation of taboo words in American hip hop movies
Authors: Al-Yasin Noor F. , Rabab'ah Ghaleb A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study aims to investigate and identify the connotative equivalence of taboo words in American hip hop/musical movies and their Arabic correspondence in the subtitle/Audiovisual Translation (AVT). The sample of this study consists of English subtitles and their Arabic fansubs of three of the most profane American hip hop movies:8 Mile, Straight Outta Compton, andAll Eyez on Me. The study analyzed the data qualitatively and quantitatively. The researchers adoptedLjung’s (2011)typology of swearing to identify the connotative functions of the English taboo words and examine how the corresponding Arabic translation conforms to them. The findings revealed that the Arab fan subtitler managed to translate these tabooed terms in Arabic using certain translation techniques, viz. euphemisms and omission. These are both mainly used for the same reason, i.e. cultural constraints. The subtitler used the ‘euphemistic swearing’ technique where the word remains a swear-word but the degree of offense and insult is milder and toned down (Montagu 1967). The Arabic subtitles in the selected sample correspond to the connotative functions of English taboo words to a significant extent only when the translator used the euphemism technique. But the connotative functions misfired when the translator resorted to omission. Finally, the research provides some implications for translators when facing such hurdles in translation.
Andersen (1973) and dichotomies of change
Authors: Dawson Hope C. , Joseph Brian D. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Henning Andersen in his well-known and oft-cited (1973) article “Abductive and deductive change” (language 49(4).765–793) distinguishes two types of language change: evolutive change – defined as “change entirely explainable in terms of the linguistic system that gave rise to it” – and adaptive change – defined as “a change not explainable without reference to factors outside the linguistic system in question”. In this paper, we present an overview of the evolutive versus adaptive dichotomy in Andersen’s work and the role this dichotomy has played in the field in ensuing years. While this particular terminology has never taken a central role in discussions of these issues, the terms are still in some use, and the field as a whole has seen a proliferation of various terms focusing on this and similar dichotomies.
Induction and tradition
Authors: Nedergaard Thomsen Ole 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This contribution takes Henning Andersen’s model of linguistic change as a logical starting point. In addition to his use of Abduction and Deduction, I suggest that Induction plays an important role as well, since it represents Conventionalization. All three types of reasoning are subsumed under Tradition, which itself represents the final of three aspects simultaneously performed in each and every instance of Language Gaming, the first two being the communicative tandem of Communion and Practice. The logical inference types profiled on this meta-communicative level of Tradition are operative on all three levels of Language Gaming. The Competence targeted in Tradition occurs in three modes of being, according to the inference type: hypothetical (Result, in Abduction), procedural (Case, in Deduction), and declarative (Law, in Induction). It is the procedural-effectual variant that is applied in the communicative tandem. An idio-poietic process operationalizes the declarative Convention so that it may be applied in individual use. A triune Universal Competence is presupposed by – and functions as major premise in – communicative tandem and meta-communicative Tradition. It is procedural (genotoken) and likewise occurs in the three aspects, viz. panchronic (Communion), synchronic (Practice), and diachronic (Tradition).
Reanalysis in the Russian past tense
Authors: Bjornflaten Jan Ivar 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The large majority of the Slavic languages have in historical times lost the synthetic past tenses of the aorist and the imperfect. These tenses were replaced by a new past tense based on the erstwhile perfect. This transformation created space for new ways of forming a past tense, and one of these was a novel past tense based on the past active participle, also called the gerundial past tense, a past tense found in Northwest Russia, above all in the Pskov area, cf. Pskov dialectal i jon pom'orši toper’ uže, versus Standard Russia i on teper’ uže umer, ‘and he died now already’. The point of this article is to demonstrate how the emergence of the l-participle as the general past tense opened up for a reanalysis of the past active participle as a finite past tense verb-form. The actualization process following this reanalysis is illustrated by examples from the Pskov Chronicle.
A complicated relationship
Authors: Olander Thomas 
Published: May 2019

The Baltic and Slavic subgroups of the Indo-European language family are more closely related to each other than to any of the other surviving subgroups; yet it is debated whether they form a subgroup of Indo-European descending from a uniform Balto-Slavic proto-language. While most historical linguists do operate with a Balto-Slavic subgroup and a matching proto-language, others remain sceptical.
In this contribution I focus on one of the most salient similarities between Baltic and Slavic: the paradigmatic accentual mobility found in both subgroups. Following a discussion of non-trivial shared innovations as a diagnostic tool in linguistic subgrouping, I examine the Balto-Slavic problem in the light of three different hypotheses on the origin of accentual mobility.
Burlas y magia en La cueva de Salamanca de Ruiz de Alarcón
Authors: Arellano Ignacio 
Published: May 2019

Resumen
El trabajo discute algunas interpretaciones de la burla y la magia en la comedia de Ruiz de Alarcón La
cueva de Salamanca, negando las implicaciones subversivas de ambos elementos, que han sido advertidas por algunos
estudios críticos poco atentos al texto de la obra.
An overview of ash (
Fraxinus
spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.
Authors: Enderle R. , Stenlid J. , Vasaitis R. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Ash dieback, caused by the invasive fungal pathogen
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
, has become a serious threat to ash trees (
Fraxinus
spp.) and ash-related ecosystems in Europe. The fast emergence and expansion of this new disease has called for an intensive investigation, which resulted in a large number of research projects in Europe. Recently, as a result of the European cooperation and exchange programme FRAXBACK, numerous reports containing detailed information about the situation of ash dieback in different countries and related research have been published. For this review, we performed a systematic analysis of these country reports. We focussed on differences and similarities between European regions and countries regarding the importance, genetics and resistance of ash, the spread, monitoring, impact and management of the disease and on factors that have an influence on its severity. By including most recent scientific literature, this review provides a concise yet substantial overview about ash and ash dieback in Europe.
Centrality Dependence of Charmed-Meson Photoproduction in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions*
Authors: Yu Gong-Ming , Cai Yan-Bing , Bai Zhen , Hu Qiang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

We calculate the centrality dependence of inclusive cross section of large-pT charmed-meson (D0, D∗, D∗+, and

D
s
+

) from heavy quark fragmentation by the hard photoproduction processes in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. The numerical results indicate that the contribution of the hard photoproduction processes cannot be negligible for the inclusive charmed-meson production in Au-Au collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Pb-Pb collisions at Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Entropy of Schwarzschild-de Sitter Black Hole with Extra Term Correction*
Authors: Tang Hao , Wu Bin , Sun Cheng-Yi , Yue Rui-Hong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The thermodynamical quantities are usually considered as the independent ones in the case of the existence of multi-horizons. Comparing the first laws for the event horizon and cosmological horizon of Schwarzschild-de Sitter space-time, we find them share the same values of mass, charge and cosmological constant, which might imply that there exists entanglement between the two horizons. Naturally we attempt to add an extra term, which contributed to the total entropy of the black hole. We recalculate the total entropy and the effective specific heat by taking the globally effective first law and find that they will be emanative when the two horizons approach to each other.
Temperature Dependence of In-plane Resistivity and Inverse Hall Angle in NLED Holographic Model*
Authors: Gan Qing-Yu , Wang Peng , Yang Hai-Tang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

In the strange metal phase of the high-Tc cuprates, it is challenging to explain the linear temperature dependence of the in-plane resistivity and the quadratic temperature dependence of the inverse Hall angle. In this paper, we investigate the temperature dependence of the in-plane resistivity and inverse Hall angle in the nonlinear electrodynamics holographic model developed in our recent work. Maxwell electrodynamics and Born-Infeld electrodynamics are considered. Both cases support a wide spectrum of temperature scalings in parameter space. For Maxwell electrodynamics, the T-linear in-plane resistivity generally dominates at low temperatures and survives into higher temperatures in a narrow strip-like manner. Meanwhile, the T-quadratic inverse Hall angle dominates at high temperatures and extends down to lower temperatures. The overlap between the T-linear in-plane resistivity and the T-quadratic inverse Hall angle, if occurs, would generally present in the intermediate temperate regime. The Born-Infeld case with a > 0 is quite similar to the Maxwell case. For the Born-Infeld case with a < 0, there can be a constraint on the charge density and magnetic field. Moreover, the overlap can occur for strong charge density.
Contactless electrical impedance and ultrasonic tomography: correlation, comparison and complementarity study
Authors: Jiang Yandan , Soleimani Manuchehr , Wang Baoliang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Electrical tomography (ET) and ultrasonic tomography (UT) techniques are effective and promising super-sensing tools with uses in many industrial process applications. They can create internal mapping images of both electrical and mechanical properties from measurements at the exterior boundaries of domains of interests. There are several different types of ET methods and different modes of UT imaging. Here we focus on contactless ET and contactless UT imaging for liquid masses, enabling fully non-intrusive, integrated mechanical and electrical imaging because direct contact to the process material is often a major limiting factor. ET is sensitive to the distribution of dielectric parameters inside the region of interest, and the highest sensitivity often lies near the outer surface of the boundary. UT has very good responses to the intersections of different phases of materials and has the highest resolution in the central area. Capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (CCEIT) is proposed as a contactless ET technique. This work investigates CCEIT based on phase measurements of the electrical impedance between transmitting and receiving electrodes, and UT based on the transmission mode, measuring the time-of-flight between the transmitted signal and the first received signals. A combined sensor which comprises a 16-electrode CCEIT array and a 16-transducer UT array is developed. Experimental results show the performances of the two tomography systems and their dual modality combination. This work highlights various aspects of the correlation, comparison and complementarity between these two contactless imaging techniques. Inclusion material characterization and identification is demonstrated using this novel dual modality.
A study of coherent and incoherent resonances in high intensity beams using a linear Paul trap
Authors: Martin L K , Machida S , Kelliher D J , Sheehy S L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present the first quantitative measurement of the change in frequency (tune) with intensity of four transverse resonances in a high intensity Gaussian beam. Due to the nonlinear space charge forces present in high intensity beams, particle motion cannot be analytically described. Instead we use the simulator of particle orbit dynamics and the intense beam experiment, two linear Paul traps (LPTs), to replicate the system experimentally. In high intensity beams a coherent resonant response to both space charge and external field driven perturbations is possible, these coherent resonances are excited at a tune that differs by a factor C

m
from that of the incoherent resonance. By increasing the number of ions stored in the LPT and studying the location of four different resonances we extract provisional values describing the change in tune of the resonance with intensity. These values are then compared to the C

m
factors for coherent resonances. We find that the C

m
factors do not accurately predict the location of resonances in high intensity Gaussian beams. Further insight into the experiment was gained through simulation using Warp, a particle-in-cell code.