bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioactive Coatings on 3D Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: A Novel Murine Femur Defect Model for Examination of the Biomaterial Capacity for Repair
Authors: Marshall Karen M. , Wojciechowski Jonathan P. , Jayawarna Vineetha , Hasan Abshar , Echalier Cécile , Callens Sebastien J. P. , Yang Tao , Kanczler Janos M. , Dawson Jonathan I. , Mata Alvaro , Salmeron‐Sanchez Manuel , Stevens Molly M. , Oreffo Richard O. C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBone tissue engineering seeks to develop treatment approaches for nonhealing and large bone defects. An ideal biodegradable scaffold will induce and support bone formation. The current study examines bone augmentation in critical‐sized bone defects, using functionalized scaffolds, with the hypothesized potential to induce skeletal cell differentiation. 3D printed, porous poly(caprolactone) trimethacrylate (PCL‐TMA900) scaffolds are applied within a murine femur defect, stabilized by a polyimide intramedullary (IM) pin. The PCL‐TMA900 scaffolds are coated with i) elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP), ii) poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA)/fibronectin (FN)/bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (PEA/FN/BMP‐2), iii) both ELP and PEA/FN/BMP‐2, or iv) Laponite nanoclay binding BMP‐2. Sequential microcomputed tomography (µCT) and histological analysis are performed. PCL‐TMA900 is robust and biocompatible and when coated with the nanoclay material Laponite and BMP‐2 induce consistent, significant bone formation compared to the uncoated PCL‐TMA900 scaffold. Critically, the BMP‐2 is retained, due to the Laponite, producing bone around the scaffold in the desired shape and volume, compared to bone formation observed with the positive control (collagen sponge/BMP‐2). The ELP and/or PEA/FN/BMP‐2 scaffolds do not demonstrate significant or consistent bone formation. In summary, Laponite/BMP‐2 coated PCL‐TMA900 scaffolds offer a biodegradable, osteogenic construct for bone augmentation with potential for development into a large scale polymer scaffold for clinical translation.
Sustainable Grafting of (Ligno)Cellulose‐Based Powders with Antibacterial Functionalities: Effect of Biomass Type and Synthesis Conditions
Authors: Testa Maria Luisa , Pandoli Omar Ginoble , Cecone Claudio , Laurenti Enzo , La Parola Valeria , Vineis Claudia , Tummino Maria Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics makes it necessary to develop new materials capable of overcoming the resistance to the chemicals currently used. Herein, the antibacterial properties of modified bamboo powder are tested and compared with modified cellulose isolated from soybean hulls. Such biomasses are functionalized in a water solution with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane to introduce primary amino groups, and two different functionalization procedures are adopted: the first requires conventional heating steps, whereas the second implies microwave radiation use. The main outcomes from the characterizations evidence that the materials prepared with the thermal treatment are stabler than those obtained by the microwave‐assisted procedure and that bamboo‐derived samples react with the (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane through different functionalities other than hydroxyl groups. Finally, the antibacterial activity measured against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus shows that all the functionalized samples could efficiently remove Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria (removal > 93%). Moreover, active filters are realized by packing the material powders: when the bacterial inoculum passes through them in a continuous flow, some differences are observed between cellulose and bamboo‐based materials, but the overall performances show that after 17 min and five recirculation cycles, both the samples reach an excellent Escherichia coli removal of about 100%.
Phosphorylation of S‐S‐S Motif in Nuclear Export Protein (NEP) Plays a Critical Role in Viral Ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) Nuclear Export of Influenza A and B Viruses
Authors: Liu Xiaokun , Yang Cha , Lin Xian , Sun Xiaomei , Chen Huanchun , Zhang Qiang , Jin Meilin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe phosphorylation of three highly conserved serine residues S23, S24, and S25 (S‐S‐S motif) has been previously identified in NEP of influenza virus. However, it remains obscure whether and how this motif regulates the vRNPs nuclear export. Here the influenza A H5N6 viruses harboring NEP S23C, S24L, or S25L is generated, allowing to impair the phosphorylation on these sites without mutating viral NS1 protein. These mutations significantly inhibited vRNPs nuclear export are founded, decreased viral infectivity and attenuated virulence in mice. In addition, inhibition or knockout of ATM or CK2, two predicated Ser/Thr protein kinases that phosphorylate the S‐S‐S motif, impedes vRNP nuclear export and virus replication in cells and reduces the virulence in vivo. Moreover, treatment of NEP peptide mimics containing the S‐S‐S motif to competitively block NEP binding to the kinases reduces influenza virus replication in cells and mice. However, neither the inhibitors above nor the NEP peptide mimics significantly inhibit the replication of H5N6‐DDD mutant, indicating phosphorylation of S‐S‐S motif is required for the vRNP nuclear export. This studies contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism by which NEP regulates vRNP nuclear export and provides novel insights into antiviral targets against influenza A and B viruses.
Cancer Cell‐Derived Exosomal miR‐500a‐3p Modulates Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Xin , Chen Huiyan , Li Jiawei , Guo Xiaohuan , Fang Yilin , Chen Linjie , Li Kaiqiang , Zhang Yi , Kong Fei , Chen Aodong , Lyu Jianxin , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mainly depends on liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, which is regulated by tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), and is a crucial factor in tumor progression. This study aimed to identify abnormally expressed miR‐500a‐3p in the hepatitis‐cirrhosis‐HCC pathway and explored the roles of miR‐500a‐3p in HCC progression. A clinical cohort of patients with HCC is studied retrospectively. Subsequently, the role of miR‐500a‐3p transported by HCC exosomes in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, hepatoma growth and invasion, and immune cell differentiation is determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. In clinical tissues, miR‐500a‐3p is significantly enriched in HCC and cirrhosis tissues, and co‐expression of the immune marker CD4 or PD‐L1 significantly correlates with low survival rates in patients. Extracellular miR‐500a‐3p is taken up by HSC and PBMC, which promotes the secretion of the cytokines TGF‐β1 and IL‐10, increases PD‐L1 expression in HSC, and stabilizes PD‐1 expression in PBMC to affect the TME. Moreover, miR‐500a‐3p is associated with CD4+ T‐cell exhaustion and Treg differentiation and is significantly associated with increased tumorigenicity in in situ mouse HCC models. Mechanistically, HCC‐derived exosomal miR‐500a‐3p directly influences SOCS2 to regulate the JAK3/STAT5A/STAT5B signaling pathway. MiR‐500a‐3p promotes the growth and migration of HCC through the SOCS2/JAK3/STAT5A/STAT5B axis.
γδ T Cell‐mediated Tumor Immunity is Tightly Regulated by STING and TGF‐β Signaling Pathways
Authors: Luo Jing , Wang Shengli , Yang Quanli , Fu Qianqian , Zhu Chuyun , Li Tao , Yang Shuxian , Zhao Yin , Guo Rong , Ben Xiaosong , Zheng Yuzhen , Li Sitao , Yang Guang , Zhang Hongru , Xiao Hui , Jiang Zhengfan , Yan Nan , Kabelitz Dieter , Sun Guodong , Granot Zvi , Lu Ligong , You Fuping , Hao Jianlei , Yin Zhinan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe STING pathway plays a critical role in tumor immunosurveillance. However, the precise mechanisms by which STING regulates gamma delta (γδ) T cell function during tumor progression remain unclear. Herein, we find that tumor‐derived cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) activates a distinct STING pathway by inducing TBK1‐mediated phosphorylation of Eomes in γδ T cells during the early stage of tumor development is demonstrated. This activation leads to interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) production and consequent tumor surveillance. However, at advanced stages of tumor progression, the accumulation of immune‐suppressive cytokine transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) downregulates STING levels, compromising the function of γδ T cells. Notably, the synergism between TGF‐β inhibition and STING agonists effectively counteracts the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, thereby augmenting the antitumoral effects of γδ T cells. These findings present a novel mechanism involving STING‐mediated IFN‐γ production in γδ T cells and hold significant implications for the development of potent immunotherapeutic approaches against cancer.
Local Exosome Inhibition Potentiates Mild Photothermal Immunotherapy Against Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Qian , Li Yanan , Hu Jiameng , Xu Zhenyu , Wang Shengyi , Cai Naicong , He Mengjiao , Xiao Yifang , Ding Yuan , Sun Mengjuan , Li Chunjiayu , Cao Yiyang , Wang Zhongyuan , Zhou Fang , Wang Guangji , Wang Chen , Tu Jiasheng , Hu Haiyang , Sun Chunmeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLimited immune infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hampers the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. To enhance immune infiltration, mild photothermal therapy (PTT) is often combined with immunotherapy. However, the impact of mild PTT on the TME remains unclear. The bioinformatics analyses reveal that mild PTT amplifies immune cell infiltration and stimulates T‐cell activity. Notably, it accelerates the release of tumor cell‐derived exosomes (TEX) and upregulates PD‐L1 expression on both tumor cells and TEX. Consequently, it is proposed that locally inhibiting TEX release is crucial for overcoming the adverse effects of mild PTT, thereby enhancing ICB therapy. Thus, a multi‐stage drug delivery system is designed that concurrently delivers photosensitizers (reduced graphene oxide nanosheets, NRGO), anti‐PD‐L1 antibodies, and exosome inhibitors (sulfisoxazole). The system employs a temperature‐sensitive lipid gel as the primary carrier, with NRGO serving as a secondary carrier that supports photothermal conversion and incorporation of sulfisoxazole. Importantly, controlled drug release is achieved using near‐infrared radiation. The findings indicate that this local combination therapy remodels the immunosuppressive TME through exosome inhibition and enhanced immune cell infiltration, while also boosting T‐cell activity to trigger systemic antitumor immunity, showcasing the remarkable efficacy of this combination strategy in eradicating cold tumors.
Programmable NIR Responsive Nanocomposite Enables Noninvasive Intratympanic Delivery of Dexamethasone to Reverse Cisplatin Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Mustafa Rawand A. , Wang Jiali , Xun Mengzhao , Rosenholm Jessica M. , Wang Wuqing , Shu Yilai , Zhang Hongbo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLocal intratympanic drug delivery to the inner ear possesses significant otological clinical promise as cisplatin‐induced hearing loss (CIHL) therapy, inducing significantly less side effects than systemic drug delivery. However, the multiple detoured barriers, round window membrane (RWM) and poorly controlled drug release hinder successful non‐invasive drug delivery through intratympanic administration (IT). Here, a novel near‐infrared (NIR) responsive nanocomposite functionalized with saponin, denoted gold nanorod@dexamethasone‐mesoporous silica‐saponin (AuNR@DEX‐MS‐saponin, NPs/DEX), is developed to enhance RWM permeation and to control the drug release spatiotemporally. First, the physiochemical properties and release profile of the synthesized nanocomposites are assessed, after which the biocompatibility of the nanocomposites and oto‐protection against CIHL are shown in vitro and in vivo. The findings demonstrated that DEX is delivered to the inner ear with high efficiency through IT, due to the permeation enhancement effect of the nanocomposite. Moreover, the nanocomposite with low dose of DEX is highly effective in recovering CIHL, attenuating hair cell loss, and alleviating synaptic ribbon damage. These findings provide insight into NIR‐responsive local delivery for inner ear illnesses.
Develop Reusable Carbon Sub‐Micrometer Composites with Record‐High Cd(II) Removal Capacity
Authors: Cui Mengke , Jiao Huiting , Yuan Shijie , Dong Bin , Xu Zuxin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCd(II)‐induced pollution across diverse water bodies severely threatens ecosystems and human health. Nevertheless, achieving ultra‐efficient and cost‐effective treatment of trace amounts of heavy metals remains a major challenge. Herein, the novel carbon sub‐micrometer composites (CSMCs) supported Fe0@γ‐Fe2O3 core‐shell clusters nanostructures are designed and synthesized through a series of universally applicable methods. Research data on adsorption behavior clearly revealed that resorcinol/formaldehyde 1.25‐basic ferric acetate (RF‐1.25BFA) and RF‐1.25BFA‐540 have surprising adsorption capacities. Employing the adsorbent dosage of 0.025 g L−1, the adsorption capacities for 10 mg L−1 Cd(II) reached 400.00 mg g−1 with ultrafast adsorption kinetics, alongside theoretical maximum adsorption capacities for Cd(II) of 1108.87 and 1065.06 mg g−1 using 0.025 g L−1 adsorbent, respectively, setting a new record‐high level. Additionally, they demonstrated exceptional stability and reusability, maintaining Cd(II) removal efficiency above 95% even after 15 adsorption–desorption cycles. Importantly, this study is the first to unveil a new ultrafast successive two‐step enrichment–hydrolysis adsorption mechanism for Cd(II) removal, emphasizing the critical role played by iron clusters nanostructures in constructing a high‐alkalinity adsorption microenvironment on the surface of the materials. The findings reported pioneered a new avenue for the rational design of high‐performance environmental remediation materials, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional mine drainage treatment.
Interfacial Engineering of Biocompatible Nanocapsules for Near‐Infrared‐Triggered Drug Release and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Xie Yuting , Yang Ze , Shen Hang , Chen Jingyi , Weitz David A. , Chen Dong , Sheng Jianpeng , Liang Tingbo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChemotherapy is an effective option for cancer treatment. However, its clinical application is often limited by the severe side effects of chemical drugs. To overcome these limitations, a novel drug‐loaded phase‐change nanocapsule system is developed. These nanocapsules are assembled via one‐step electrostatic self‐assembly through guided interfacial engineering. The phase change material core nanocapsules demonstrate great photothermal‐controlled drug release performance and exhibit excellent tumor‐targeting drug delivery performance both in vitro and in vivo via the binding of hyaluronic acid shell on the nanocapsule surface with corresponding receptors on the tumor cell membrane. The phototherapy function of the nanocapsules enhances immune activation within the tumor microenvironment, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and multiplex immunohistochemistry. The developed nanocapsules are biocompatible, versatile, and scalable and offer a promising smart delivery platform for controllable near‐infrared triggered drug release and photothermal therapy.
Rigid‐Flexible Coupling Realized by Synergistic Engineering of the Graphitic‐Amorphous Architecture for Durable and Fast Potassium Storage
Authors: Jiang Mingchi , Sun Ning , Cao Bin , Jian Xuyang , Soomro Razium Ali , Xu Bin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGraphite anodes hold great potential for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), yet their practical application is hindered by poor cycle performance caused by substantial interlayer expansion. Herein, a partial graphitic carbon (PGC) is elaborately engineered via the catalytic effect of ferric citrate using pitch as a carbon precursor. Systematically varying the catalyst content enables an optimal PGC design integrating a highly graphitized phase providing abundant active sites for K‐ion intercalation, balanced with an amorphous carbon region that accommodates volume expansion and facilitates ion diffusion. The optimized PGC12 electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 281.9 mAh g−1, characterized by a prolonged low‐potential plateau region, and excellent cycle stability with a capacity retention of 94.8% after 300 cycles. It also realizes an impressive rate capability with a retained capacity of 222.2 mAh g−1 at 1 C. Moreover, the assembled K‐ion full‐cell delivers an exceptional energy density of 148.2 Wh kg−1. In‐situ XRD and DFT simulations further verify the distinct phase transition mechanisms and reaction dynamics across different carbon configurations. This work elucidates the impact of carbon configurations on K‐storage performance and proposes a structural model for efficient K‐ion storage, which is instrumental in the rational design and advancement of carbon anodes in PIBs.
Deciphering Design of Aggregation‐Induced Emission Materials by Data Interpretation
Authors: Gong Junyi , Deng Ziwei , Xie Huilin , Qiu Zijie , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work presents a novel methodology for elucidating the characteristics of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) systems through the application of data science techniques. A new set of chemical fingerprints specifically tailored to the photophysics of AIE systems is developed. The fingerprints are readily interpretable and have demonstrated promising efficacy in addressing influences related to the photophysics of organic light‐emitting materials, achieving high accuracy and precision in the regression of emission transition energy (mean absolute error (MAE) ∼ 0.13eV) and the classification of optical features and excited state dynamics mechanisms (F1score ∼ 0.94). Furthermore, a conditional variational autoencoder and integrated gradient analysis are employed to examine the trained neural network model, thereby gaining insights into the relationship between the structural features encapsulated in the fingerprints and the macroscopic photophysical properties. This methodology promotes a more profound and thorough comprehension of the characteristics of AIE and guides the development strategies for AIE systems. It offers a solid and overarching framework for the theoretical analysis involved in the design of AIE‐generating compounds and elucidates the optical phenomena associated with these compounds.
Improving Fast‐Charging Performance of Lithium‐Ion Batteries through Electrode–Electrolyte Interfacial Engineering
Authors: Kim Seungwon , Park Sewon , Kim Minjee , Cho Yoonhan , Kang Gumin , Ko Sunghyun , Yoon Daebong , Hong Seungbum , Choi Nam‐Soon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a key element in anode–electrolyte interactions and ultimately contributes to improving the lifespan and fast‐charging capability of lithium‐ion batteries. The conventional additive vinyl carbonate (VC) generates spatially dense and rigid poly VC species that may not ensure fast Li+ transport across the SEI on the anode. Here, a synthetic additive called isosorbide 2,5‐dimethanesulfonate (ISDMS) with a polar oxygen‐rich motif is reported that can competitively coordinate with Li+ ions and allow the entrance of PF6– anions into the core solvation structure. The existence of ISDMS and PF6− in the core solvation structure along with Li+ ions enables the movement of anions toward the anode during the first charge, leading to a significant contribution of ISDMS and LiPF6 to SEI formation. ISDMS leads to the creation of ionically conductive and electrochemically stable SEI that can elevate the fast‐charging performance and increase the lifespan of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811)/graphite full cells. Additionally, a sulfur‐rich cathode–electrolyte interface with a high stability under elevated‐temperature and high‐voltage conditions is constructed through the sacrificial oxidation of ISDMS, thus concomitantly improving the stability of the electrolyte and the NCM811 cathode in a full cell with a charge voltage cut‐off of 4.4 V.
Strong Bonding of Lattice N Activates Metal Ni to Achieve Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Zhao Niandan , Luo Wei , Li Sijun , Wang Hua , Mao Yini , Jiang Yimin , Wang Wenbin , Li Ming , Su Wei , He Rongxing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient and robust free‐standing electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is a promising but challenging task. Herein, the N‐incorporated Ni nanosheets non‐fully encapsulated by N‐doped carbon (NC) layer are fabricated (N─Ni©NC). The introduction of N not only regulates the size of nanosheets in N─Ni©NC but also promotes the electrochemical activity of metal Ni. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that strong bonding of the lattice N activates the inert metal Ni by promoting charge transfer between Ni and N. In addition, the upward shift of the d‐band center induced by lattice N enhances the adsorption of intermediates, thereby making Ni as a new OER active site together with C. This strategy of generating Ni and C dual active sites by introducing lattice N greatly accelerates oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics, resulting in excellent electrocatalytic performance of N─Ni©NC. At the current density of 10 mA cm−2, the overpotentials of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and OER are 27 and 206 mV, respectively, and the cell voltage for overall water splitting only needs 1.47 V. This work offers a unique heteroatom activation approach for designing free‐standing electrodes with high activity.
Total Electrosynthesis of N, N‐Dimethylformamide From CO2 and NO3−
Authors: Yan Shuai , Chen Shuai , McKee Morgan , Terry Alexandre , Weisbarth Ralf , Kornienko Nikolay 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrochemical C−N coupling presents a promising strategy for converting abundant small molecules like CO2 and NO3− to produce low‐carbon‐intensity chemicals in a potentially more sustainable route. A prominent challenge is the limited product scope, particularly for organonitrogen chemicals featuring a variety of functional groups, alongside the limited understanding of plausible reaction mechanisms leading up to these products. In light of this, the total electrosynthesis method is reported for producing N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF), a widespread solvent and commodity chemical, from NO3− and CO2. This method enabled a notable production rate of 1.24 mmol h−1 gcat−1 for DMF employing a hybrid Ag/Cu catalyst. Additionally, an impressive Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 28.6% is attained for DMF through oxidative coupling of dimethylamine using Ag/Cu catalyst. Through a distinctive retrosynthetic experimental analysis, the DMF synthesis pathway is systematically deconstructed, tracing its origins from dimethylamine to methylamine, and ultimately to CO2 and NO3−. The investigation revealed that the hydrogenation of coupled intermediates proves to be the limiting step, rather than the C−N coupling steps in the synthetic pathway. Finally, using a combination of in situ measurements and retrosynthetic analysis, the possible mechanism is elucidated underlying DMF synthesis and identified subsequent routes for system improvement.