bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN INDEKS PLAK PADA PENGGUNA ALAT ORTODONTIK CEKAT YANG MENGGUNAKAN SIKAT GIGI KHUSUS ORTODONTIK DENGAN DAN TANPA OBAT KUMUR
Authors: Tjiali Windy , Anindita PS , Waworuntu Olivia 
Published: July 2019

PERBEDAAN INDEKS PLAK PADA PENGGUNA ALAT ORTODONTIK CEKAT YANG MENGGUNAKAN SIKAT GIGI KHUSUS ORTODONTIK DENGAN DAN TANPA OBAT KUMUR ABSTRAK Perawatan ortodontik khususnya penggunaan alat ortodontik cekat memiliki bentuk yang rumit sehingga mempermudah melekatnya plak lebih lama dan dapat meningkatkan resiko karies, gingivitis, dan penyakit periodontal. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi resiko yang ada adalah dengan melakukan kontrol plak. Kontrol plak dapat dilakukan secara mekanis (sikat gigi khusus ortodontik) dan kimiawi (obat kumur). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan indeks plak pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat yang menggunakan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik dengan tambahan obat kumur dan tanpa obat kumur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen lapangan dengan rancangan the eqiuevalent material group, pretest and posttest design. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan sampel mahasiswa angkatan 2011-2012 Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado sebanyak 33 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji dependent t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan penurunan indeks plak yang signifikan (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan indeks plak pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat yang menggunakan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik dengan tambahan obat kumur dan tanpa obat kumur. Kata kunci : ortodontik cekat, sikat gigi khusus ortodontik, obat kumur, indeks plak. THE DIFFERENCE OF PLAQUE INDEX ON FIXED ORTHODONTIC USERS THAT USED ORTHODONTIC TOOTHBRUSH WITH AND WITHOUT MOUTHWASH ABSTRACT Orthodontic treatment especially fixed orthodontic appliance has a complex form that can simplify the attachement of plaque longer and could increase the risk of caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. One way to reduce the risk is plaque control. Plaque control can be done mechanically (orthodontic toothbrush) and chemically (mouthwash). This research aimed to know the difference plaque index on users of fixed orthodontic appliance that used orthodontic toothbrush with mouthwash and without mouthwash.This research is field experiments to a draf the eqiuevalent material group, pretest and posttest design. This research is done with a sample of 33 people of 2011-2012 dentist students of Sam Ratulangi University. The sample was collected by purposive sampling method. Data was analyzed by the dependent t-test. The result showed that there was significant decrease of plaque index (p<0,05). In conclusion, there is a differenceplaque index on users of fixed orthodontic appliance that used orthodontic toothbrush with mouthwash and without mouthwash. Key words: Fixed orthodontic, orthodontic toothbrush, mouthwash, plaque index.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SARIO KECAMATAN SARIO MANADO SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Tarima Gorby Corneles , Abidjulu Jemmy , Koleangan Harry S.J. 
Published: July 2019

ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SARIO KECAMATAN SARIO MANADO SULAWESI UTARAABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kualitas air sungai Sario berdasarkan sifat fisika dan kimia sesuai dengan PP No 82 Tahun 2001. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Baristand Industri Manado pada bulan November 2015, dengan 4 sampel air yang diambil pada 4 titik dari hulu sampai hilir sungai Sario Kota Manado menggunakan 7 parameter yaitu kekeruhan, pH, nitat, nitrit, BOD, COD dan DO. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air sungai Sario yang sesuai dengan ambang baku mutu air berdasarkan PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 hanyalah pada bagian hulu sampai tengah Sungai sebelum memasuki wilayah Kota Manado, sedangkan pada sekitaran hilir sungai Sario telah tercemar yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas masyarakat dengan diindikasikan berdasarkan konsentrasi BOD, COD dan DO yang buruk dan tidak sesuai dengan ambang baku mutu air berdasarkan PP No. 82/2001. Kata kunci : Kualitas Air, Sungai Sario ANALYSIS OF RIVER WATER QUALITY SARIO DISTRICT MANADO NORTH SULAWESI ABSTRACT This study was conducted to analyze the Sario river water quality based on physical and chemical properties in accordance with PP No. 82 of 2001. The study was conducted in laboratory Baristand Industry Manado in November 2015, with four water samples taken at 4 points from upstream to downstream Sario City Manado using 7 parameters: turbidity, pH, nitat, nitrite, BOD, COD and DO. The results of this study indicate that the water quality in accordance with the Sario river water quality standard threshold under PP No. 82 of 2001 only on the upstream side to the middle of the river before entering the city of Manado, whereas the downstream Area Sario river has been polluted related community activities to be indicated by the concentration of BOD, COD and DO poor and not in accordance with the water quality standard threshold based PP No. 82 of 2001. Keywords: Water Quality, River Sario
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK DAN DAUN PEPAYA DALAM PENGENDALIAN Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera; Yponomeutidae) PADA TANAMAN KUBIS DI KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Mawuntu Mayestic Silverly Chintami 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Tanaman Kubis merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kota Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara. Plutella xylostella L. adalah salah satu hama utama tanaman ini. Larva merusak tanaman saat berumur 2-6 minggu, dengan memakan permukaan bawah daun tanaman sampai pada kerusakan berat sehingga tanaman tidak dapat tumbuh normal ataupun dijual. Penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian ekstrak daun sirsak dan daun papaya terhadap mortalitas larva P. xylostella telah dilakukan dari bulan Juli sampai November 2015. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi yaitu Kontrol (0%), 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20%. Masing-masing dengan 5 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, semakin tinggi pula angka mortalitas larva P. xylostella. Dari hasil pengamatan menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak daun sirsak dan daun papaya efektif dalam mematikan larva hama P. xylostella dengan angka mortalitas tertinggi sebanyak 100% pada masing-masing perlakuan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 20%. Kata Kunci : Tanaman Kubis; Insektsida nabati; Plutella xylostella THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXTRACT SOURSOP LEAF AND PAPAYA LEAF IN CONTROL Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera; Yponomeutidae) ON CABBAGE PLANTS IN TOMOHON CITY ABSTRACT Cabbagge is well-known plant that widely growth in Tomohon City, North Sulewesi. Plutella xylostella L. is one of the major pests on Cabbagge. Larvae damage the plant since 2-6 weeks old plants by eating the surface of the leaves until severe damages so the plants couldnot grow normally, neither to sell. The study was to verify effectivity of soursop leaves and papaya leaves ecstract to P. xylostella mortality that have been conducted from July to November 2015. The study used completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications with leaf ecstract consentrations used were 0% as control, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The result from the observations showed that the test result of Soursop leaves and Papaya leaves ecstract showed a highly significant from each treatments to larvae mortality of P. xylostella. Higher concentrations of ecstract showed more higher mortality of P. xylostella larvae. This research also showed that rate number of P. xylostella mortality at each ecstract were at 20 % concentration of Soursop leaves and papaya leaves ecstract. Keywords : Cabbages; Biopesticides; Plutella xylostella
PROFIL PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT PADA PERAIRAN DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) GRINDULU PACITAN
Authors: Wijayanti Titik 
Published: July 2019

PROFIL PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT PADA PERAIRAN DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) GRINDULU PACITAN ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemaran logam berat pada perairan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Grindulu, Pacitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Oktober 2016. Pengukuran kadar logam berat Merkuri (Hg), Timbal (Pb), Kadmium (Cd), dan Kromium (Cr) sampel air yang diambil daerah hulu, terdiri dari 2 (dua) stasiun, yaitu desa Tumpuk kecamatan Bandar dan desa Tegalombo kecamatan Tegalombo. Pada daerah tengah, terdiri dari 2 stasiun, yaitu di desa Pagutan kecamatan Arjosari dan desa Semanten kecamatan Arjosari. Pada daerah hilir diamati satu stasiun di desa Ploso kecamatan Pacitan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis anova dan uji lanjut Duncan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan pada semua stasiun pengambilan sampel terhadap semua logam berat dan terjadi kenaikan kadar mulai dari daerah tengah sampai hilir. Kadar logam berat merkuri (Hg), timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) di daerah hulu masih di bawah ambang batas, sedangkan pada daerah tengah dan hilir sudah melebihi ambang batas yang ditentukan. Sedangkan pada logam berat kromium valensi 6 (Cr6+), kadar di daerah hulu sampai tengah masih di bawah ambang batas, sedangkan daerah hilir sudah melebihi ambang batas yang ditentukan. Kata kunci: Pencemaran, logam berat, air, Grindulu, Pacitan HEAVY METALS POLLUTANT PROFILE ON GRINDULU WATERSHED, PACITAN ABSTRACT Research was conducted to
PENERAPAN MODEL GARCH (GENERALIZED AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL HETEROSCEDASTICITY) DALAM MENGHITUNG NILAI BETA SAHAM INDEKS PEFINDO25
Authors: Kanal Febrifke Adria , Manurung Tohap , Prang Jantje D 
Published: July 2019

PENERAPAN MODEL GARCH (GENERALIZED AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL HETEROSCEDASTICITY) DALAM MENGHITUNG NILAI BETA SAHAM INDEKS PEFINDO25ABSTRAKSaat ini banyak orang yang berfikir untuk berinvestasi. Investasi adalah kegiatan yang mempunyai dua hasil, yaitu positif (return) dan negatif (risiko). Risiko saham khususnya risiko sistematik merupakan salah satu informasi penting yang dibutuhkan investor dalam melakukan investasi. Risiko sistematik dapat diukur dengan beta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi nilai beta saham dengan menggunakan model GARCH. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Sam Ratulangi dan berlangsung selama 4 bulan sejak November 2017 sampai maret 2018. Data yang digunakan adalah data closing price harian saham periode 1 Agustus 2016 – 31 Juli 2017. Model GARCH yang dipakai adalah GARCH(1,1) untuk ARNA, GARCH(1, 1) untuk SMSM, dan GARCH(1,4) untuk TOTL. Nilai beta yang diperoleh yaitu untuk ARNA, untuk SMSM dan untuk TOTL.Kata Kunci : Saham, GARCH, Beta. APPLICATION OF GARCH ( GENERALIZED AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL HETEROSCEDASTICITY ) MODEL IN CALCULATING BETA VALUE OF STOCK INDEX PEFINDO25ABSTRACTIn this time many peoples are thinking to make an investation. Investment is an activity that has two results, a positive result (return) and a negative result (risk). Stock risk, especially systematic risk is one of the important information that investors need to know in investing. Systematic risk can be measured with beta. This study aims to estimate the value of beta stock by using GARCH model. This study was conducted at Sam Ratulangi University and lasted for 4 months since November 2017 until March 2018. The data used is the daily closing price on period 1 August 2016 – 31 July 2017. GARCH model used is GARCH (1, 1) for ARNA, GARCH (1, 1) for SMSM, GARCH (1,4) for TOTL. Beta values obtained are ARNA, for SMSM dan for TOTL.Keywords : Stock, GARCH, Beta.
KANDUNGAN AIR PADA SEGMEN DAUN TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) LOKAL SULAWESI UTARA SAAT KEKERINGAN YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL 8000
Authors: Mereh Risa Junita , Ai Nio Song , Siahaan Parluhutan 
Published: July 2019

KANDUNGAN AIR PADA SEGMEN DAUN TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) LOKAL SULAWESI UTARA SAAT KEKERINGAN YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL 8000 ABSTRAKPenelitian ini telah dilakukan untuk mengkaji kandungan air sebagai respon fisiologi pada segmen daun tanaman padi lokal Sulut (varietas Temo, Ombong, Burungan, dan Superwin) terhadap kekeringan yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 secara in vitro. Segmen daun padi dipotong-potong 1 cm x 1 cm dan diberi tiga macam perlakuan PEG 8000 (dengan potensial air/PA medium 0; -0,25; dan -0,5 MPa), dan empat waktu pengambilan sampel (0, 4, 8 dan 12 jam) dalam tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa faktor varietas, faktor waktu perlakuan, faktor konsentrasi PEG 8000, dan interaksi antara ketiga faktor tersebut tidak menyebabkan perbedaan kandungan air segmen daun yang nyata.Kata kunci: Cekaman kekeringan, PEG 8000, Potensial air, Segmen daun LEAF WATER CONTENT IN LEAF SEGMENTS OF NORTH SULAWESI LOCAL RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL- 8000-INDUCED DROUGHTED DROUGHTABSTRACTA study was conducted to evaluate leaf water content as one of physiological responses in leaf segments of North Sulawesi local rice (cv. Temo, Ombong, Burungan, and Superwin) under PEG 8000- induced-drought. The rice leaves were cut into 1 cm x 1 cm segments and treated withPEG 8000 solutions (medium water potential or PA of 0; -0.25; and -0.5 MPa),four sampling times (0, 4, 8 and 12 hours) and 3 replicates. The results indicated that factors of varieties, treatment period, concentration of PEG 8000, and interaction among these factors did not result in any differences in water content of rice leaf segments.Keywords: Drought stress, PEG 8000, Water potential, Leaf segment
Strong Preferential Ion Heating is Limited to within the Solar Alfvén Surface
Authors: Kasper Justin C. , Klein Kristopher G. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The decay of the solar wind helium-to-hydrogen temperature ratio due to Coulomb thermalization can be used to measure how far from the Sun strong preferential ion heating occurs. Previous work has shown that a zone of preferential ion heating, resulting in mass-proportional temperatures, extends about 20–40 R
⊙ from the Sun on average. Here we look at the motion of the outer boundary of this zone with time and compare it to other physically meaningful distances. We report that the boundary moves in lockstep with the Alfvén point over the solar cycle, contracting and expanding with solar activity with a correlation coefficient of better than 0.95 and with an rms difference of 4.23 R
⊙. Strong preferential ion heating is apparently predominately active below the Alfvén surface. To definitively identify the underlying preferential heating mechanisms, it will be necessary to make in situ measurements of the local plasma conditions below the Alfvén surface. We predict that the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) will be the first spacecraft to directly observe this heating in action, but only a couple of years after launch as activity increases, the zone expands, and PSP’s perihelion drops.
Propagation of a Short GRB Jet in the Ejecta: Jet Launching Delay Time, Jet Structure, and GW170817/GRB 170817A
Authors: Geng Jin-Jun , Zhang Bing , Kölligan Anders , Kuiper Rolf , Huang Yong-Feng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We perform a series of relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations to investigate how a hot magnetic jet propagates within the dynamical ejecta of a binary neutron star merger, focusing on how the jet structure depends on the delay time of jet launching with respect to the merger time, Δt
jet. We find that regardless of the jet-launching delay time, a structured jet with an angle-dependent luminosity and Lorentz factor is always formed after the jet breaks out of the ejecta. On the other hand, the jet-launching delay time has an impact on the jet structure. If the jet-launching delay time is relatively long, e.g., ≥0.5 s, the line-of-sight material has a dominant contribution from the cocoon. On the other hand, for a relatively short jet-launching delay time, the jet penetrates through the ejecta early on and develops an angular structure afterward. The line-of-sight ejecta is dominated by the structured jet itself. We discuss the case of GW170817/GRB 170817A within the framework of both long and short jet-launching delay time. In the future, more observations of gravitational-wave/gamma-ray burst associations can help to differentiate between these two scenarios.
Capitalisme sans pouvoir de classe
Authors: Block Fred , Luccioni Jean 
Published: July 2019

Financial institutions play a crucial role in capitalism by wielding the « structural power » of capital in three ways : by refusing to lend (particularly to cooperatives) ; by refusing to invest (the so-called « capital strike ») ; and by illegally transferring funds abroad. Thus, they hold govemments bent on conflict with the affluent classes hostage. It would therefore be necessary to weaken their power by 1) controlling the movement of capital through authorisation and tax ; 2) instauring in such institutions a three-way management, shared between shareholders, representatives of the staff, and representatives of consumers, local councils and lenders ; 3) by increasing the competitive pressure throught the creation of quasi-public banks, which would be compelled by law to lend, even to non-traditional institutions. Such a model is less dependent on the State than the social-democratic model ; it maximizes economic efficiency, social justice and individual freedom.
La démocratie économique. Un socialisme véritable et réalisable
Authors: Schweickart David , Andréani Tony 
Published: July 2019

The model for economic democracy sketched in this paper is based on three elements : 1) self-management ; 2) a market for commodities ; 3) the social ownership of means of production (as embodied in the obligation for firms to preserve the value of their capital intact) and social control over new investment through a public investment fund, financed through a tax on the firms' capital. This public fund is shared between banks, which in tum allocate capital to firms according to results and emplyment policy. This is how democratic planning sets guidelines for the market. Economic democracy of this type is more efficient than capitalism, as witnessed by research showing that workers' participation in management, and the equal distribution of profit, always increase productivity. Such a model would lead to a different form of development, and would correspond to the basic tenets of a Marxian socialism better than any other form of socialism.
Considérations sur la genèse et la théorie de la « forme cyclique » chez Vincent d’Indy
Authors: Saint Arroman Gilles 
Published: July 2019

Vincent d’Indy (1851-1931) est l’un des plus importants praticiens et théoriciens de la « forme cyclique ». Antérieures aux grandes œuvres de son maître César Franck, ses toutes premières compositions font déjà usage de procédés cycliques. Les suivantes, influencées par l’œuvre de son aîné, tendront à un constant perfectionnement de ce principe de construction, qu’il théorise à partir du moment où il commence à enseigner à la Schola Cantorum. L’expression « forme cyclique » apparaît pour la première fois dans ses écrits en 1899, mais c’est dans le deuxième volume de son Cours de composition musicale (Durand, 1909) qu’il livre sa théorisation la plus complète. D’Indy semble alors envisager la « forme cyclique » comme la manifestation ultime d’une évolution de l’art musical au cours de laquelle les œuvres acquerraient une unité et une cohésion toujours plus grandes. Cet article tente d’éclairer sa conception de la « forme cyclique » à la lumière de ses premières tentatives dans ce domaine et de ses écrits théoriques.
Inviter des proches dans une psychothérapie individuelle d’orientation systémique
Authors: Blanchard Francine , Tsaknaki Sofia , Vanetti Oliviero , Challandes Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2019

La réflexion de notre groupe s’appuie sur un modèle de psychothérapie individuelle d’orientation systémique dite PIOS et propose d’ouvrir ponctuellement le setting « en individuel » à des membres significatifs de l’entourage du patient. Plutôt que de travailler uniquement avec les représentations du patient, nous intégrons la possibilité de travailler avec les forces vives de l’interaction auxquelles les grands courants de la thérapie familiale nous ont sensibilisés. Les points à aborder dans le dispositif élargi sont soigneusement élaborés auparavant entre thérapeute et patient. Cette rencontre enrichit considérablement la relation thérapeutique. À plusieurs niveaux, de nouvelles perspectives se déploient : une danse différente se met en place entre thérapeute et patient, comme entre ce dernier et ses proches.
Foreword
Authors: GOLOB Nina 
Published: July 2019

With the year winding down, when people tend to reflect on their accomplishments in the past months, we dare offer miscellaneous to boast the broadness that ALA has been gaining. This number of the ALA journal thus includes different views on a language, a variety of different methodologies used and languages discussed, as well as several applicable fields the research outcomes take us to. LI Wenchao in her work "Adjective Distribution in Modern Mongolian" investigates a scalar structure of adjective distribution in Mongolian to find out that, compared to Japanese, English, French, Mongolian only tolerates inherent resultatives. Jasmina BAJRAMI's article "Speech level shift in Japanese and Slovene" is a part of her PhD thesis, which she has just submitted to University of Ljubljana. In it she discusses formality and politeness in general, as well as the extent and the ways they are executed in a Japanese and Slovene conversation. "Interpretation of Daba Script: Gemu from Wujiao Villag" written by XU Duoduo is a result of a fieldwork research on the Daba script found in the Daba Calendar entitled Gemu, which origins in Wūjiǎo village, the province of Sichuan. Nina GOLOB conducted a bidirectional perception experiment entitled "L1 Prosodic Interference: the Case of Slovene Students of Japanese", in which she evaluates L1 prosodic interference in recognizing (lexical) accent place in declaratives and interrogatives.An interesting project report on the successful implementation of the e-learning system for Japanese, Korean, Hindi and Sanskirt comes from Croatia. Written by Sara LIBRENJAK, Kristina KOCIJAN, and Marijana JANJIĆ it is entitled "Improving Students' Language Performance Through Consistent Use of E-Learning: An Empirical Study in Japanese, Korean, Hindi and Sanskrit". Last but not least is a technical note by Qasier ABBAS "Semi-Semantic Annotation: A Guideline for the URDU.KON-TB Treebank POS Annotation", in which the author proposes annotation guidelines of semi-semantic parts of speech for the URDU.KON-TB treebank.