bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KOLB’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING AS AN EFFECTIVE LEARNING MODEL IN CREATIVE PRODUCT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUBJECTS
Authors: Pamungkas Stephanus Fajar , Widiastuti Indah , Suharno Suharno 
Published: July 2019

<span>Student learning outcomes are influenced by the ability of students to understand and the ability of teachers to deliver subject matter. In the delivery of subject matter, appropriate and effective learning models are needed to improve student understanding. This article presents an effective learning model for Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subjects in Vocational School. The aim of this subject is to form students to have the character, skills, and understanding as an entrepreneur, and to be able to bring up quality young entrepreneurs. To achieve the learning goal, learning activities must involve students directly. The experiential learning model emphasizes the role of active student experience and involvement. Through practice-based learning experiences, students feel more confident in handling jobs in real work. Learning through this model is able to facilitate students in learning so that it could improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, experiential learning is one alternative solution in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning process. The research method used is a review literature by analyzing various relevant sources related to the importance of experiential learning and the challenges of its implementation. Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning in Vocational Schools is implemented in various forms of production and business-based learning which is a real practice. Through experiential learning, it is expected that entrepreneurial learning objectives could be achieved and young entrepreneurs from Vocational Schools could increase significantly. This is in accordance with the concept of work, continuing study, and entrepreneurship for vocational high school graduates. In addition, it also supports the Entrepreneurial School program as an effort of the government to achieve the vocational high school revitalization target, while at the same time reducing the unemployment rate of vocational high school graduates.</span>
Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Collection Systems in Orthopaedic Clinical Practice
Authors: Lizzio Vincent A. , Dekhne Mihir S. , Makhni Eric C. 
Published: July 2019

» The recent emphasis on the electronic collection of patient health information has catalyzed the development of numerous platforms for capturing electronic patient-reported outcome measures (EPROMs).» There are several important considerations for selecting the most appropriate PROM for each orthopaedic practice.» In this article, we evaluate various aspects of PROMs, examine the challenges and obstacles that are associated with routine collection, and review 6 commonly used electronic collection systems for orthopaedic clinical practice.
Behavioral and Steroidogenic Pharmacology of Phenyl Ring Substituted Etomidate Analogs in Rats
Authors: McGrath Megan , Hofmann Aissa , Raines Douglas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Cushing’s syndrome is an endocrine disorder characterized by the overproduction of adrenocortical steroids and associated with significant morbidity. Steroidogenesis enzyme inhibitors are the mainstays of pharmacological treatment. Unfortunately, they produce side effects that limit dosing, efficacy, and patient tolerability. Among the most potent inhibitors is the general anesthetic etomidate whose GABAA receptor-mediated sedative-hypnotic actions restrict use. In this study, we defined the sedative-hypnotic and steroidogenesis inhibiting actions of etomidate and four phenyl-ring substituted etomidate analogs (dimethoxy-etomidate, isopropoxy-etomidate, naphthalene-etomidate, and naphthalene(2)-etomidate) that possess negligible GABAA receptor modulatory activities.
Methods: In the first set of experiments, male Sprague-Dawley rats were assessed for loss of righting reflexes (LoRR) after receiving intravenous boluses of either etomidate (1 mg/kg) or an etomidate analog (40 mg/kg). In the second set of experiments, rats were assessed for LoRR and their abilities to produce adrenocortical and androgenic steroids after receiving 2-hr infusions (0.5 mg kg-1min-1) of either etomidate or an etomidate analog.
Results: All rats that received etomidate boluses or infusions had LoRR that persisted for minutes or hours, respectively. In contrast, no rat that received an etomidate analog had LoRR. Compared to rats in the vehicle control group, rats that received etomidate analog infusions had plasma corticosterone and aldosterone concentrations that were reduced by 80 – 84% and 68 – 94%, respectively. Rats that received etomidate infusions had plasma corticosterone and aldosterone concentrations that were also significantly reduced (by 92% and 96%, respectively). Rats that received etomidate or isopropoxy-etomidate had significant reductions (90% and 57%, respectively) in plasma testosterone concentrations whereas those that received naphthalene-etomidate had significant increases (1,400%) in plasma dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations. Neither etomidate nor any etomidate analog significantly affected plasma androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone concentrations.
Conclusions: Our studies demonstrate that the four phenyl-ring substituted etomidate analogs form a novel class of compounds that are devoid of sedative-hypnotic activities and suppress plasma concentrations of adrenocortical steroids but vary in their effects on plasma concentrations of androgenic steroids. They provide a proof-of-concept for the development of non-sedating etomidate analogs to treat Cushing’s syndrome and other pathologies whose clinical courses may be improved by altering steroid biosynthesis.
A qualitative study exploring patient, family carer and healthcare professional perceptions of providing palliative care for advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Mayland Catriona Rachel , Doughty Hannah , Rogers Simon , Gola Anna , Mason Stephen , Hubbert Cathy , Macareavy Dominic , Jack Barbara 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Purpose: To explore patient, family carer and healthcare professionals’ perspectives about providing palliative care for advanced head and neck cancer patients and potential components which could inform a future model of care.

Methods: Using a naturalistic, interpretative approach, within Northwest England, a purposive sample of adult head and neck cancer patients was selected. Their family carers were also invited to participate. Healthcare professionals (representing head and neck surgery and specialist nursing; oncology; specialist palliative care; general practice and community nursing) were recruited. All participants underwent face-to-face or telephone interviews. A thematic approach, using a modified version of Colazzi’s framework, was used to analyse the data.

Results: In total, 17 interviews were conducted (nine patients, four joint with family carers and eight healthcare professionals). Three main themes relating to challenges in providing palliative care were identified: the ‘need for support at critical moments’ in the patients’ disease trajectory; ‘communication challenges’ and ‘complexity of decision-making’. Additionally, three themes related to key components to inform a future model of care: ‘partnership model’; ‘timely and responsive engagement of Specialist Palliative Care’; and ‘good linkage and connections’.

Conclusions: Conceptually, the identified ‘critical moments’ in the patients’ disease trajectory should be a focus for future interventions to help improve and support care. These interventions should direct improvements in the provision of information and psychological support. Models of palliative care for this population need to be developed in partnership with existing services to ensure care is delivered in a coordinated and timely manner.
Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in old women and men – a prospective observational study
Authors: von Berens Åsa , Obling Sine R , Nydahl Margaretha , Koochek Afsaneh , Lissner Lauren , Skoog Ingmar , Frändin Kerstin , Skoglund Elisabeth , Rothenberg Elisabet , Cederholm Tommy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with different body composition phenotypes.

Methods

Data were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 88 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, fat mass >30%/ >42% or waist circumference ≥88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively.

Results

SO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2-8.9)) of dying within ten years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 88 years, obesity was associated with increased survival.

Conclusions

SO was observed in 4-11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within ten years. In 88-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity was related to a survival benefit over a four year period.
Oncologic outcomes after immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy: Comparison of implant and flap using propensity score matching
Authors: Ha Jeong Hyun , Hong Ki Yong , Lee Han-Byoel , Moon Hyeong-Gon , Han Wonshik , Noh Dong-Young , Lim Joonho , Yoon Sehoon , Chang Hak , Jin Ung Sik 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Although immediate breast reconstruction has been reported to be oncologically safe, no affirmative study comparing the two reconstruction methods exists. We investigated breast cancer recurrence rates in two breast reconstruction types; implant reconstruction and autologous flap reconstruction.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed on propensity score-matched (for age, stage, estrogen receptor status) patients who underwent IBR after mastectomy at Seoul National University Hospital between 2010 - 2014. The main outcomes determined were locoregional recurrence-free interval (LRRFI) and disease-free interval (DFI).

Results

We analyzed 496 patients among 731 patients following propensity score matching (Median age 43, 247 implant reconstruction and 249 flap reconstruction). During median follow-up of 58.2 months, DFI was not different between the two groups at each tumor stage. However, flap reconstruction showed inferior DFI compared to implant reconstruction in patients with high histologic grade (p=0.012), and with high Ki-67 (p=0.028). Flap reconstruction was related to short DFI in multivariate analysis in aggressive tumor subsets. Short DFI after flap reconstruction in aggressive tumor cell phenotype was most evident in hormone positive/Her-2 negative cancer (p=0.008). LRRFI, on the other hand, did not show difference according to reconstruction method regardless of tumor cell aggressiveness.

Conclusion

Although there is no difference in cancer recurrence according to reconstruction method in general, flap-based reconstruction showed higher systemic recurrence associated with histologically aggressive tumors.
Identification of Circulating miR-210 as a Promising Biomarker for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xue Jinru , Xin Hua , Jia Erna , Ren Na 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), with an increasing morbidity and mortality globally, is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer (LC). Early diagnosis of LUAD can significantly prolong survival time. Multiple researches have revealed that circulating miRNAs might be used as promising biomarkers for early detection of LUAD
Material and Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to find circulating miRNAs for early diagnosis of LUAD and summarized their diagnostic values based on GEO database. Further, by bioinformatics analysis we predicted the target genes of circulating miRNAs owning statistically significant, and explored the molecular regulation mechanisms and biological processes of the target genes in the pathogenetic of LUAD.
Results: overall, six datasets were eligible, information on original expression levels of circulating miR-21, miR-155, miR-210, miR-126, miR-486, miR-182, and miR-17 extracted independently by two reviewers. Finally, we found circulating miR-210 had good diagnostic efficacy for LUAD detection, the combined AUC value was 0.83. We then predicted 480 overlapped genes of miR-210 at least 5 of 11 databases. Bioinformatics analysis showed statistically significant GO analysis 38 items and KEGG pathways 21 items. Response to hypoxia may be the mainly involved biological process of miR-210 in LUAD. Nine hub genes (FBXO, FBXL, MGRN1, ATG7, CUL3, RAB, ADAMTS, SEMA, THBS2) were obtained by construct PPI network.
Conclusions: our study implied that circulating miR-210 may be a promising noninvasive biomarker for early detection of LUAD, but further researches are needed to validate the promising results and to identify specific biological processes and target genes.
Radiological characteristics study on epithelioid glioblastoma, a rare subtype of GBM
Authors: Deng Xiaojuan , Luo Qingya , Tang Xiaolin , Chen Youqiang , Mao Chengyi , Fang Jingqin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Purpose

Epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) is rare and a newly recognized subtype of GBM. Given the short of studies focusing on radiological characteristics of these tumors, we aimed to report the radiological features of eGBM deriving from six patients.

Methods

Six patients with pathologically diagnosed as eGBM were enrolled in this retrospective study. CT and pre-operative MR examinations with conventional and advanced sequences, such as diffusion weighted imaging and so on were analyzed. Immunohistological staining and mutation analysis of BRAF V600E was also explored.

Results

Only case 6 showed a co-locating tumor which was verified to be a diffuse astrocytoma (WHO II), other cases demonstrated single intracerebral tumor. Majority of the tumors originated in cerebral cortex, two cases involved corpus callosum. Tumors demonstrated iso-, hypo- or mixed intensity on T1WI, hyper- or mixed intensity on T2WI and FLAIR, heterogeneous enhancement on post-contrasted imaging. Involvement of leptomeninge, which appeared as leptomenigeal thickening and abnormal enhancing was discovered in 4 cases. Peritumoral edema (4/6) and hemorrhage (3/6) was common, calcium was only seen in case 5. Notable restrictive diffusion and consequently decreased rADC was found in solid component in 5 cases. Most cases demonstrated increased Cho and Lac/Lip value on 1H-MRS, and promoted rCBV value on PWI. The cases with CT examination showed an ill-defined mass with mixed density.

Conclusions

Although there are some overlaps between typical GBM and eGBM, some radiological characteristics, such as location (often in cerebral cortex), involvement of leptomeninge and intratumoral calcium, may support the diagnosis of eGBM.
Testing a pyriproxyfen auto-dissemination station attractive to gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto for the development of novel attract-and-kill strategies for malaria vector control
Authors: Mbare Oscar , Lindsay Steven W. , Fillinger Ulrike 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Larval source management is an effective supplementary tool for malaria vector control although it is not used widely in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explored whether an attract-and-kill strategy could contaminate gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto with the insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen, at a bait-station, for dissemination to larval habitats.

Methods

A bait-station comprising an artificial pond, containing water was treated with 20 ppm cedrol, an oviposition attractant, was covered with pyriproxfen-treated netting. Three identical semi-field cages were used to assess the potential of gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto to transfer pyriproxyfen from the bait-station to three open ponds. Gravid females were released in the test and one of the control cages that had no pyriproxyfen on its bait-station. No mosquitoes were released in the third cage with a pyriproxyfen-treated station. Transfer of pyriproxyfen to open ponds was assessed by monitoring emergence of late instar insectary-reared An. gambiae sensu stricto larvae introduced into the open ponds. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify the amount of pyriproxyfen carried by a mosquito and the amount transferred to water.

Results

86% (95% CI 81-89%) of larvae introduced into the open ponds in the two control cages developed into adults. Transfer of pyriproxyfen to the test cage depended on the distance of the pond from the bait-station. While only 25% (95% CI 22-29%) adult emergence was observed in larvae introduced into ponds 4.4 m from the bait-station, the emergence rates increased to 92% (95% CI 89-94%) in larvae introduced in ponds 10.3 m away. Each mosquito was contaminated with 112 µg (95% CI 93-123 µg) pyriproxyfen, whilst 230 ng/L (95% CI 180-290 ng/L) was transferred by a single female to 100 ml of water.

Conclusions

Pyriproxyfen was auto-disseminated by gravid females from attractive bait-stations, but mainly to aquatic habitats near the bait station. To make this approach feasible for malaria vector control, stronger attractants and better pyriproxyfen delivery systems are needed.
HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype and HIV-1 DNA level among patients with chronic HIV-1 infection: a correlation study
Authors: Lyu Tingxia , Yue Yongsong , Evelyn Hsieh , Han Yang , Zhu Ting , Song Xiaojing , Cao Wei , Lyu Wei , Wang Jianhua , Li Taisheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The impact of HIV-1 subtype (CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE) on HIV-1 DNA levels in HIV-1 chronically infected patients with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains poorly understood. To evaluate the correlation of HIV-1 subtype with DNA level, and identify baseline predictors of HIV-1 DNA decay.

Methods

ART-naïve HIV-1-infected patients from two large multi-center studies in China were classified into CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype groups. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and week 12, 24, 48 and 96 after ART initiation and total HIV-1 DNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR. HIV-1 DNA levels at week 96 were categorized into high, moderate, and low levels, reflecting HIV-1 DNA ≥ 3, 2–3, ≤ 2 log10 copies/106 PBMCs, respectively, and the corresponding proportion of CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype were compared. The baseline predictors of low HIV-1 total DNA levels (≤ 2 log10 copies/106 PBMCs) at week 96 were evaluated using a logistic regression model.

Results

Compared to the non-CRF01_AE subtypes (n=185), patients with CRF01_AE subtype (n=188) harboured a higher level of HIV-1 DNA (median: 3.19 vs. 2.95 log10 copies/106 PBMCs, P < 0.001) prior to treatment. After 96 weeks of ART, HIV-1 DNA levels remained higher in the CRF01_AE subtype group (median: 2.63 vs. 2.39 log10 copies/106 PBMCs, P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients achieving high (22.3% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.054), moderate (59.6% vs. 60.5%, P = 0.849) and low levels (18.1% vs 24.9%, P = 0.111) between CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE groups. In the multivariable analysis, baseline HIV-1 DNA level and CD4+ T cell count but not the subtype were independent risk factors for achieving HIV-1 DNA level ≤ 2 log10 copies/106 PBMCs.

Conclusion

HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype is neither correlated with HIV-1 DNA reservoir decline nor a prognostic factor for achieving lower HIV-1 DNA levels (≤ 2 log10 copies/106 PBMCs) after ART. However, higher HIV-1 DNA level in HIV-1 CRF01_AE patients should be aroused much attention and strengthen surveillance during ART.
The Comparison of the adverse events of Pentavalent and DPT vaccines in 2-6 months infants in Iran: A national study
Authors: Moradi Ghobad , Khazaei Zaher , Zahraei Seyed Mohsen , Yaghini Fateme , Amjadian Mohiadin , Roshani Daem 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Vaccination is the most remarkable intervention in public health and is an effective strategy in order to control infectious diseases among infants. This study attempted to compare the adverse events of Pentavalent and DPT vaccines together.

Methods

This is a cross sectional (analytical-descriptive) study in which the 2-6 months healthy infants, having received DPT in 2013 and Pentavalent in 2015, were studied for their experienced adverse events related to these vaccines. Percentage, mean, standard deviation and chi-square tests were used to describe and analyze the data.

Results

The results showed that 10464 and 17561 adverse events, which are associated with DPT and Pentavalent respectively, were recorded in the infants who received these vaccines throughout Iran. Mazandaran, Qazvin and Golestan provinces reported the highest number of adverse events, respectively (15.74%, 11.25%, and 9.12%). Moreover, Pentavalent seemed to have more recorded adverse events compared to DPT, high fever had the highest record rate for DPT (47.4%) and mild localized complications was the highest for Pentavalent (31.68%). There was a significant relationship between the kind of vaccine and the type of reaction, adverse event categorization, the country produced the vaccine and the infants' place of residence (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Severe localized adverse events including high fever, vomiting, diarrhea and restlessness seemed to be less in Pentavalent compared to DPT vaccine. Therefore, substituting Pentavalent for DPT in infants seems to reduce the adverse events among them.