bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral hemiepiphysiodesis of the first metatarsal for juvenile hallux valgus
Authors: Sabah Y , Rosello O , Clement J L , Solla F , Chau E , Oborocianu I , Rampalv V 
Published: October 2018

Background: Juvenile hallux valgus (JHV) frequently results in an impaired quality of life because of pain and deformity. We used a validated clinical score to investigate the efficacy of lateral hemiepiphysiodesis of the first metatarsal base as a treatment for JHV. Methods: We conducted a prospective, nonrandomized, single center cohort study of children who underwent lateral hemiepiphysiodesis for 31-IV, with a clinical and radiologic follow-up of at least 2 years. The efficiency of the procedure was assessed with the Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Interphalangeal Scale (HMIS), the metatarsophalangeal angle (MPA), and intermetatarsal angle (IMA). Results: Twelve patients (22 feet) with JHV were treated by lateral hemiepiphysiodesis between 2012 and 2015. Average age at surgery was 10 years, and average follow-up was 3.5 years. The average HMIS score increased from an average of 56 at baseline, to 92 at last follow-up ( p < 0.01). The average IMA decreased by 2°, from 13° preoperatively to 11° postoperatively. Average MPA decreased from 26° at baseline to 22° after surgery. No complications occurred in the immediate postoperative period, and no patient needed an additional procedure. Conclusion: The HMIS score was significantly improved after lateral hemiepiphyslodesis, with a clear improvement in pain and functional impairment at last follow-up. We noted a stabilization of the IMA and MPA, but the radiologic benefit did not reach statistical significance. Our data support the use of lateral hemiepiphysiodesis as an effective and safe treatment of JHV.
Higher body mass index is not a risk factor for in-hospital adverse outcomes following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Gurunathan Usha , Pym Aaron , Anderson Cameron , Marshall Amanda , Whitehouse Sarah L , Crawford Ross W 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and perioperative complications until hospital discharge, following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 1665 cases of elective primary unilateral TKA performed between 2006 and 2010, from a prospective secure electronic database. Types of complications, length of operating time, and duration of hospital stay were analyzed in both adjusted (for known confounders) and unadjusted analyses. A further matched analysis was also performed. Results: In terms of overall complications, there was no statistically significant difference between the BMI categories. When individual obesity category was considered, obese 2 had the lowest odds of developing complications, both with unadjusted (odds ratio (OR): 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.91, p < 0.015) and adjusted regression analysis (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.99, p = 0.044). Compared to normal weight category, obese class 3 (≥40 kg/m2) individuals were at 66% (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21–0.55) lower (unadjusted) odds of developing cardiac complications (overall p < 0.001). With the matched analysis, compared to normal weight category, obese class 3 (≥40 kg/m2) individuals were at a 60% (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23–0.68) lower (unadjusted) odds of developing cardiac complications (overall p = 0.004). Obese 3 patients had significantly higher operating time compared with other groups ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study did not find a significant association between BMI and increased overall in-hospital medical or surgical complications following primary TKA. Obesity significantly increased the length of operating time.
Morphological and mechanical properties of plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles in individuals with and without flat foot
Authors: Taş Serkan , Ünlüer Nezehat Özgül , Korkusuz Feza 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Many musculoskeletal disorders are associated with over-pronated foot and decreased medial longitudinal arch (MLA) height. Foot intrinsic muscles and plantar fascia (PF) are the primary structures that support MLA. An important reason for the over-pronated foot and the reduction in the MLA height may be the morphological characteristics of the foot intrinsic muscles and PF as well as changes in their mechanical properties. The aim of the present study is to investigate the morphologic structure and mechanical properties of PF, flexor hallucis brevis (FHB), flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), and abductor hallucis (AbH) muscles in individuals with flat foot and to compare the results with those of healthy individuals. Methods: The study included 80 participants, 40 with flat foot and 40 with normal foot posture. The foot posture of the participants was assessed using the Foot Posture Index. PF, FHB, FDB, and AbH thickness and stiffness were measured with an ultrasonography device using a linear ultrasonography probe. Results: Individuals with flat foot had higher AbH thickness compared to individuals with normal foot posture ( p < 0.001), whereas both groups were similar in terms of PF ( p = 0.188), FHB ( p = 0.627), and FDB ( p = 0.212) thickness. Stiffness values of the assessed tissues were similar in both groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: AbH thickness was higher in individuals with flat foot; however, PF, FHB, and FDB thickness were similar in both groups. In addition, our results suggest that foot posture is not related to the stiffness of the assessed tissues.
Modified SERI technique in the treatment of hallux valgus combined with arthritis
Authors: Ceccarelli Francesco , Carolla Antonio , Schiavi Paolo , Calderazzi Filippo 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Few reports encompass the treatment of first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthritis complicating hallux valgus. Indeed, in the literature, there is a lack of guidance concerning the management of patients affected by mild to moderate first MTPJ arthritis complicating hallux valgus. The aim of this study is to present the mid-term results of an original joint-preserving surgical technique. Materials and Methods: A group of 50 patients (60 feet) affected by mild to moderate first MTPJ arthritis complicating hallux valgus who underwent modified Giannini’s SERI (simple, effective, rapid, inexpensive) surgical procedure were prospectively reviewed. They were clinically and radiographically evaluated preoperatively and after surgery and were also assessed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and Coughlin and Shurnas classification. The average follow-up was 38 months. A multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the existing relationship between postoperative AOFAS results and radiological preoperative measured angles and sesamoid grade of dislocation. Results: The average AOFAS score significantly improved at last follow-up to an average of 90.5 ± 14.5, while preoperatively it was 45.6 ± 15.3 ( p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, a statistically significant correlation resulted among all the radiographic preoperative registered parameters and clinical postoperative results. However, it was shown that any radiological parameter alone could not predict a better clinical recovery. Conclusions: The surgical technique proposed here could extend the indications of the SERI procedure to those patients affected by mild to moderate hallux valgus combined with mild to moderate osteoarthritis.
Onlay vascularized fibular grafting as a salvage procedure for the management of nonunion after reconstruction of the femur following tumor resection
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Han Chung Soo , Baek Jong Hun 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The femur is prone to nonunion after biologic reconstruction following tumor resection, due to high bending forces. Nonunion at the host–graft junction is difficult to treat since the graft is in an avascular state. We aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic results of an onlay free vascularized fibular grafting (VFG) as a salvage procedure for nonunion management after biologic reconstruction of the femur following bone tumor resection. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients (8 men and 2 women, median age: 15.5 years, range: 10–47) who underwent an onlay VFG for nonunion after intercalary reconstruction of the femur using an allograft ( n = 7) or pasteurized autograft ( n = 3), following tumor resection. The median follow-up period after VFG was 85.7 (24.6–163.5) months. Results: The median time to union between the host bone and the VFG osteotomy sites was 3.5 (2.8–4.5) months. The median time to union at the host–graft junctions was 10.6 (6.6–12.7) months. Two postoperative complications requiring revision surgery occurred in two patients: one graft fracture and one deep infection with synchronous graft fracture. Internal fixation was required in the patient with graft fracture. The patient with the infection and synchronous graft fracture was treated using debridement, antibiotics, and an external fixator. The median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional score was 88% (60–97%) at the final follow-up. Conclusion: Onlay VFG as a salvage procedure for nonunion of a biologic intercalary reconstruction of the femur after tumor resection is a useful treatment option.
Do patients receiving workers’ compensation who undergo arthroscopic rotator cuff repair have worse outcomes than non-recipients? Retrospective case–control study
Authors: Kim Kyung Cheon , Lee Woo-Yong , Shin Hyun Dae , Han Sun-Cheol , Yeon Kyu-Woong 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: We compared preoperative and postoperative measures among workers’ compensation board (WCB) recipients and non-recipients and determined the impact of WCB receipt on the 1- and 2-year outcomes of rotator cuff repair. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic repair between September 2011 and September 2014. Patients were divided into two groups based on WCB status: WCB recipients and non-recipients. All patients returned for follow-up functional evaluations at 1 and 2 years after the operation. Four outcome measures were evaluated: visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Shoulder Rating Scale of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and range of motion (ROM). Results: Seventy patients (38 males, 32 females) were evaluated, 20 of whom were WCB recipients. At 1 year after the operation, ASES, UCLA, and VAS scores as well as abduction ROM (Abd-ROM) had improved significantly in both groups. However, non-recipients showed significantly greater improvement than did WCB recipients in ASES, UCLA, and VAS scores and in forward flexion ROM and Abd-ROM ( p = 0.000, 0.009, 0.002, 0.046, and 0.020, respectively). However, at 2 years after the operation (after the end of WCB), there were no significant differences in any clinical outcome between WCB recipients and non-recipients ( p = 0.057, 0.106, 0.075, 0.724, and 0.787, respectively). Conclusion: Although workers’ compensation recipients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair had worse outcomes while receiving WCB benefits, the outcomes were similar after WCB benefits ended.
Athletic Hip Injuries in Major League Baseball Pitchers Associated With Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tears
Authors: Kantrowitz David E. , Trofa David P. , Woode Denzel R. , Ahmad Christopher S. , Lynch T. Sean 
Published: October 2018

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction is a reliable treatment for elite overhand throwers with UCL tears. In recent years, this procedure has become increasingly common among Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers. Predisposing factors and associated comorbidities, however, have not been fully elucidated. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether professional baseball pitchers who underwent UCL reconstruction had an increased incidence of hip or groin injuries 4 years before or after surgery. We hypothesized that MLB pitchers who sustain hip or groin injuries may be more likely to develop UCL tears because of alterations and overcompensation in the kinetic chain during overhand throwing. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A comprehensive list of all 247 MLB players who underwent UCL reconstruction between 2005 and 2017 was created using publicly accessible online data. The application of inclusion criteria yielded a final sample size of 145 athletes. These athletes’ injury histories were identified and cross-referenced with the official MLB disabled list. Matched controls were generated for a comparison of results. Results: Of the 145 MLB pitchers who underwent UCL reconstruction between 2005 and 2017, 40 (27.6%) endured a proximal lower extremity injury within 4 years of their surgery. Specifically, 16 pitchers sustained hip injuries, 13 suffered hamstring injuries, and 14 experienced groin injuries. A significantly lower rate of hip- and groin-related injuries (17.9%) was identified in matched controls during a similar time frame ( P = .049). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that MLB pitchers who required UCL reconstruction sustained a higher frequency of proximal lower extremity injuries both before and after surgery compared with matched controls. This finding is significant as the treatment of antecedent hip lesions, as well as an emphasis on hip and core muscle mobility and strengthening, may help reduce injuries to the UCL.
A synthesis approach of mouse studies to identify genes and proteins in arterial thrombosis and bleeding
Authors: Baaten Constance C. F. M. J. , Meacham Stuart , de Witt Susanne M. , Feijge Marion A. H. , Adams David J. , Akkerman Jan-Willem N. , Cosemans Judith M. E. M. , Grassi Luigi , Jupe Steve , Kostadima Myrto , Mattheij Nadine J. A. , Prins Martin H. , Ramirez-Solis Ramiro , Soehnlein Oliver , Swieringa Frauke , Weber Christian , White Jacqueline K. , Ouwehand Willem H. , Heemskerk Johan W. M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Antithrombotic therapies reduce cardiovascular diseases by preventing arterial thrombosis and thromboembolism, but at expense of increased bleeding risks. Arterial thrombosis studies using genetically modified mice have been invaluable for identification of new molecular targets. Because of low sample sizes and heterogeneity in approaches or methodologies, a formal meta-analysis to compare studies of mice with single-gene defects encountered major limitations. To overcome these, we developed a novel synthesis approach to quantitatively scale 1514 published studies of arterial thrombus formation (in vivo and in vitro), thromboembolism, and tail-bleeding of genetically modified mice. Using a newly defined consistency parameter (CP), indicating the strength of published data, comparisons were made of 431 mouse genes, of which 17 consistently contributed to thrombus formation without affecting hemostasis. Ranking analysis indicated high correlations between collagen-dependent thrombosis models in vivo (FeCl3 injury or ligation/compression) and in vitro. Integration of scores and CP values resulted in a network of protein interactions in thrombosis and hemostasis (PITH), which was combined with databases of genetically linked human bleeding and thrombotic disorders. The network contained 2946 nodes linked to modifying genes of thrombus formation, mostly with expression in megakaryocytes. Reactome pathway analysis and network characteristics revealed multiple novel genes with potential contribution to thrombosis/hemostasis. Studies with additional knockout mice revealed that 4 of 8 (Apoe, Fpr2, Ifnar1, Vps13a) new genes were modifying in thrombus formation. The PITH network further: (i) revealed a high similarity of murine and human hemostatic and thrombotic processes and (ii) identified multiple new candidate proteins regulating these processes.
KDM6B overexpression activates innate immune signaling and impairs hematopoiesis in mice
Authors: Wei Yue , Zheng Hong , Bao Naran , Jiang Shan , Bueso-Ramos Carlos E. , Khoury Joseph , Class Caleb , Lu Yue , Lin Kevin , Yang Hui , Ganan-Gomez Irene , Starczynowski Daniel T. , Do Kim-Anh , Colla Simona , Garcia-Manero Guillermo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
KDM6B is an epigenetic regulator that mediates transcriptional activation during differentiation, including in bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Overexpression of KDM6B has been reported in BM HSPCs of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Whether the overexpression of KDM6B contributes to the pathogenesis of these diseases remains to be elucidated. To study this, we generated a Vav-KDM6B mouse model, which overexpresses KDM6B in the hematopoietic compartment. KDM6B overexpression alone led to mild hematopoietic phenotype, and chronic innate immune stimulation of Vav-KDM6B mice with the Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in significant hematopoietic defects. These defects recapitulated features of MDS and CMML, including leukopenia, dysplasia, and compromised repopulating function of BM HSPCs. Transcriptome studies indicated that KDM6B overexpression alone could lead to activation of disease-relevant genes such as S100a9 in BM HSPCs, and when combined with innate immune stimulation, KDM6B overexpression resulted in more profound overexpression of innate immune and disease-relevant genes, indicating that KDM6B was involved in the activation of innate immune signaling in BM HSPCs. Finally, pharmacologic inhibition of KDM6B with the small molecule inhibitor GSK-J4 ameliorated the ineffective hematopoiesis observed in Vav-KDM6B mice. This effect was also observed when GSK-J4 was applied to the primary BM HSPCs of patients with MDS by improving their repopulating function. These results indicate that overexpression of KDM6B mediates activation of innate immune signals and has a role in MDS and CMML pathogenesis, and that KDM6B targeting has therapeutic potential in these myeloid disorders.
MicroRNAs from plants to animals, do they define a new messenger for communication?
Authors: Li Zhiqing , Xu Ruodan , Li Ning 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of single-stranded non-coding RNA of about 22 nucleotides, are potent regulators of gene expression existing in both plants and animals. Recent studies showed that plant miRNAs could enter mammalian bloodstream via gastrointestinal tract, through which access a variety of tissues and cells of recipients to exert therapeutic effects. This intriguing phenomenon indicates that miRNAs of diet/plant origin may act as a new class of bioactive ingredients communicating with mammalian systems. In this review, in order to pinpoint the reason underlying discrepancies of miRNAs transmission from diet/plant to animals, the pathways that generate miRNAs and machineries involved in the functions of miRNAs in both kingdoms were outlined and compared. Then, the current controversies concerning cross-kingdom regulations and the potential mechanisms responsible for absorption and transfer of diet/plant-derived miRNAs were interpreted. Furthermore, the hormone-like action of miRNAs and the intricate interplay between miRNAs and hormones were implicated. Finally, how these findings may impact nutrition and medicine were briefly discussed.
Simultaneous zygotic inactivation of multiple genes in mouse through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing
Authors: Zhang He , Pan Hong , Zhou Changyang , Wei Yu , Ying Wenqin , Li Shuting , Wang Guangqin , Li Chao , Ren Yifei , Li Gen , Ding Xu , Sun Yidi , Li Geng-Lin , Song Lei , Li Yixue , Yang Hui , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
In vivo genetic mutation has become a powerful tool for dissecting gene function; however, multi-gene interaction and the compensatory mechanisms involved can make findings from single mutations, at best difficult to interpret, and, at worst, misleading. Hence, it is necessary to establish an efficient way to disrupt multiple genes simultaneously. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing disrupts gene function by converting a protein-coding sequence into a stop codon; this is referred to as CRISPR-stop. Its application in generating zygotic mutations has not been well explored yet. Here, we first performed a proof-of-principle test by disrupting Atoh1, a gene crucial for auditory hair cell generation. Next, we individually mutated vGlut3 (Slc17a8), otoferlin (Otof) and prestin (Slc26a5), three genes needed for normal hearing function. Finally, we successfully disrupted vGlut3, Otof and prestin simultaneously. Our results show that CRISPR-stop can efficiently generate single or triple homozygous F0 mouse mutants, bypassing laborious mouse breeding. We believe that CRISPR-stop is a powerful method that will pave the way for high-throughput screening of mouse developmental and functional genes, matching the efficiency of methods available for model organisms such as Drosophila.
Long-term follow-up of unresectable medium-large hepatocellular carcinoma nodules treated with radiofrequency ablation using a multiple-electrode switching system
Authors: Francica Giampiero , Altiero Michele , Laccetti Ettore , Pezzullo Filomena , Tanga Michela , Avitabile Giuseppe , Elameer Mathew , Scaglione Mariano 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) by using a multiple-electrode switching system to treat unresectable medium-large (3.1–6.0 cm) HCC nodules.

Methods:
RFA using a multiple-electrode switching system was performed for HCC nodules with size &gt; 3.0 &lt; 6.0 cm in nonsurgical candidates. Two electrodes were consecutively placed for 3.1–4.0 cm tumours, and three electrodes for 4.1–5.9 cm tumours, with a 2.0–2.5 cm spacing. The power was switched from one electrode to the next automatically when the impedance reached 30 Ω above the baseline level. 25 patients (M/F = 9/16; median age 76 years, range 61-84) with liver cirrhosis (20 HCV-positive) in Child’s Class A (22 cases) and B (3 cases) and 26 HCC nodules (median diameter 4.0 cm; range 3.2–5.5 cm) underwent treatment in 25 sessions from 2013 and 2018. Therapeutic effectiveness was assessed through CT or MRI exam at 30–40 days post-ablation.

Results:
No procedure-related death or major complications occurred. Complete ablation was obtained in all nodules (100%). At a median follow up of 30 months, local tumor progression occurred in five out of 26 nodules (19.2%). Overall survival at 4 years was 49%.

Conclusion:
RFA with a multiple-electrode switching system may be a safe, quick and effective therapeutic option for treatment of 3.1-﻿6.0 cm unresectable HCC tumours.

Advances in knowledge:
RFA with multiple electrodes provides favourable clinical results in patients with medium-large HCC nodules who are not suitable for surgery
Dyslipidemia: Genetics, lipoprotein lipase and HindIII polymorphism
Authors: Palacio Rojas Marcos , Prieto Carem , Bermúdez Valmore , Garicano Carlos , Núñez Nava Trina , Martínez María Sofía , Salazar Juan , Rojas Edward , Pérez Arturo , Marca Vicuña Paulo , González Martínez Natalia , Maldonado Parra Santiago , Hoedebecke Kyle , D’Addosio Rosanna , Cano Clímaco , Rojas Joselyn 
Published: October 2018

The direct link between lipid metabolism alterations and the increase of cardiovascular risk are well documented. Dyslipidemias, including isolated high LDL-c or mixed dyslipidemia, such as those seen in diabetes (hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-c or low HDL-c), correlate with a significant risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease worldwide. This review analyzes the current knowledge concerning the genetic basis of lipid metabolism alterations, emphasizing lipoprotein lipase gene mutations and the HindIII polymorphism, which are associated with decreased levels of triglycerides and LDL-c, as well as higher levels of HDL-c. These patterns would be associated with decreased global morbidity and mortality, providing protection against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.