bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of motor activity using electromyogram signals
Authors: Khorev V. S. , Maksimenko V. A. , Pitsik E. N. , Runnova A. E. , Kurkin S. A. , Hramov A. E. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Methods of detecting the start of a movement and moments of movement planning are important in neuroscience. Using the signals of electrical activity of muscles (electromyograms) in order to precisely detect the moment of movement is a special problem, because the initial signals are complex, non-stationary and affected by noise. It is especially important in experiments with simultaneous registration of an EEG and an electromyogram, when you have to analyze the interaction between brain structures.Purpose: Development of methods for electromyogram data analysis and techniques for their use in a detailed study of motor activity.Methods: We use the threshold detection method based on calculating the derivative of the original signal filtered and smoothed. Such an approach makes it possible to estimate the starting points of the onset of motion relatively quickly and accurately, even along a part of a time series.Results: We have developed a technique which allows you to automatically detect the precursor of a movement start, based on the analysis of electromyographic signals. We have calculated the distribution of the delay between the presentation of a sound signal and the beginning of a movement, and evaluated the statistical properties of this distribution.Practical relevance: The results of this research can be used to automatically detect starting points in experiments with simultaneous EEG recording, and later be applied to solve practical problems related to the development of controlled prostheses for the rehabilitation of people with disabilities.
Random processes with random transitions between stable states
Authors: Khimenko V. I. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction:Studying random processes with several stable states and random transitions between them is important because it opens a wide range of practical problems. The detailed information structure is not studied well enough, and there is no unified approach to the description and probabilistic analysis of such processes.Purpose:Studying the main probabilistic characteristics of random processes with two stable states, and probabilistic analysis of control over chaotic transitions under various control actions.Results:We show the ways to represent and preliminarily analyze random processes with two stable states on the phase plane and in the pseudophase space. A general probabilistic model for the processes in question is proposed in the form of a two-component probabilistic «mixture» of distributions. A probabilistic analysis was carried out for the principles of control over random transitions between different states. We have defined the basic probabilistic characteristics for the processes in a management action with a variety of spectral-correlation properties and a changeable threshold for random transitions. The Poisson model of a random transition flow is analyzed with an example of «high» threshold levels.Practical relevance:The methods of visual, qualitative and analytical research in studying dynamic systems with several stable states can be combined. The proposed probabilistic models, regardless of the physical nature of the processes under consideration, can be used in problems of probabilistic analysis, control over probabilistic structure of random transitions, and simulation of physical, technical or biological systems with random switching.
Optical data signals in fiber optic communication links with fading
Authors: Juwiler I. , Bronfman I. , Blaunstein N. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: This article is based on the recent research work in the field of two subjects: signal data parameters in fiber optic communication links, and dispersive properties of optical signals caused by non-homogeneous material phenomena and multimode propagation of optical signals in such kinds of wired links.Purpose: Studying multimode dispersion by analyzing the propagation of guiding optical waves along a fiber optic cable with various refractive index profiles of the inner optical cable (core) relative to the outer cladding, as well as dispersion properties of a fiber optic cable due to inhomogeneous nature of the cladding along the cable, for two types of signal code sequences transmitted via the cable: return-to-zero and non-return-to-zero ones.Methods: Dispersion properties of multimode propagation inside a fiber optic cable are analyzed with an advanced 3D model of optical wave propagation in a given guiding structure. The effects of multimodal dispersion and material dispersion causing the optical signal delay spread along the cable were investigated analytically and numerically.Results: Time dispersion properties were obtained and graphically illustrated for two kinds of fiber optic structures with different refractive index profiles. The dispersion was caused by multimode (e.g. multi-ray) propagation and by the inhomogeneous nature of the material along the cable. Their effect on the capacity and spectral efficiency of a data signal stream passing through such a guiding optical structure is illustrated for arbitrary refractive indices of the inner (core) and outer (cladding) elements of the optical cable. A new methodology is introduced for finding and evaluating the effects of time dispersion of optical signals propagating in fiber optic structures of various kinds. An algorithm is proposed for estimating the spectral efficiency loss measured in bits per second per Hertz per each kilometer along the cable, for arbitrary presentation of the code signals in the data stream, non-return-to zero or return-to-zero ones. All practical tests are illustrated by MATLAB utility.
Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan PlayStation dengan De Quervain’s Syndrome pada Pemain PlayStation di Rental PlayStation Kelurahan Puncak Sekuning Palembang Tahun 2016
Authors: Rohideta M. Sasini , Asnawi Herry , Irfanuddin Irfanuddin 
Published: June 2019

De Quervain’sSyndrome adalah nyeri pada daerah prosesus stiloideus bagian distal tulang radius akibat inflamasi pembungkus tendo otot abductor pollicis longus dan extensor pollicis brevis yang disebabkan repetitive strain injuries (RSI) ataupun overuse, dengan tanda-tanda klasik positif tes Finkelstein. Pengguna PlaysStation melakukan kegiatan berulang (repetitive) yang berpotensi menyebabkan RSI. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan PlayStation dengan De Quervain’s Syndrome pada pemain PlayStation di rental PlayStation Kelurahan Puncak Sekuning Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-November 2016. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 97 pengguna PlayStation yang di ambil dengan cara consecutive sampling. Data didapatkan dari wawancara dan pemeriksaan tes Finkelstein. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji statistik Chi-Square.Dari penelitian ini didapatkan 69 (71,1%) kasus De Quervain’s Syndrome. Uji statistik menunjukkan variabel durasi penggunaan PlayStation (p=0,034) memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna terhadap kejadian De Quervain’s Syndrome.Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara durasi penggunaan PlayStation terhadap De Quervain’s Syndrome.
Multiple Colors Making System Using PLC
Authors: Farhi Lubna , Ali Zain Anwar , Zia Saud 
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an automated multiple color making system. The various stages of work operations included in the adaptation of manually operated color mixing systems towards fully automated multiple colors making system. The proposed system can extract color features of an image and returns the intensities of Red, Green and Blue colors for a specified pixel in the given image. Since RGB Color Model is used for digital communications like televisions and computer monitors, and CMYK Color Model is used for printing and painting. So, for mixing purpose; the intensities of RGB are then converted into the intensities of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black colors which then further converted into the form of electrical signals. Generally, from three primary colors CMY, a wide range of colors will be made with different proportions. The electrical signals will then be transmitted serially to our Logic Controller for mixing process, that sense the level of primary colors to be mixed and then mix colors proportionally in a container accordingly up to a fixed level in order to make different multiple colors of fixed quantity. Simulation results shows that the proposed methodology removes the chances like variation in quantity or inaccuracy which happened with the manually color sensing and mixing. It reduces the labor efforts and makes 7% more accurate with minimum error and achieve good retrieval performance.

Index Terms— Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Python Image Library (PIL), Color Histogram, RGB / CMYK Color Model, Features Extraction Techniques.
Learning Analytics: A Data Mining and Machine Learning Perspective
Authors: Khan Salam Ullah , Ullah Kifayat , Lodhi Mahvash Arsalan , Bangash Sadaqat Ali Khan 
Published: June 2019

Tremendous proliferation in data generation in the past few years has paved the way for new research and the development of new and improved techniques and algorithms in different fields of science and education. Initially terms like educational data mining emerged as a branch of data mining borrowing techniques from its ancestor. The challenges brought about by this large and heterogeneous data are diverse and needs a greater serious technical treatment. New and emerging fields like learning analytics have been introduced to manage the complexities of this data deluge. Learning analytics deals with data in the context of learner and the learning environment to improve the overall learning experience. The ultimate aim of the field is to make use of the data about learners and their environments to gain insights into the learning process using some of the well-known techniques and algorithms from the fields of data mining and machine learning. The process involves collecting, analysis of data and reporting the results to understand and optimize the learning experience. The fields of data mining and academic analytics closely related to learning analytics. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is a robust, organized and rigorous literature review and reporting process aimed at identifying, collecting and synthesizing the relevant literature on a research question according to specified criteria. The process is more unbiased and balanced by systematic sequence of steps. This paper presents a systematic literature review by first developing the systematic literature review protocol and then discussing the main findings of the literature review by especially focusing on the applications and uses of machine learning and data mining techniques in the domain of learning analytics.

Index Terms—Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Learning Analytics (LA), Big Data, Educational Data Mining (EDM), Machine Learning (ML).
Exploring forestry options with M?ori landowners: an economic assessment of radiata pine, rimu, and m?nuka
Authors: Pizzirani Stefania , Monge Juan J , Hall Peter , Steward Gregory A , Dowling Les , Caskey Phil , McLaren Sarah J 
Published: June 2019

Background: A quarter of New Zealand’s land area is currently covered in indigenous forest although only indigenous forests on private land can be harvested. In addition, planted exotic forests (~90% Pinus radiata D.Don) cover a further 7% of the land, and these form the main basis of New Zealand’s forestry industry. However, some landowners are seeking to plant a more diverse range of species (including New Zealand indigenous species) that can be managed in different ways to produce a range of products.
Methods: A “cradle-to-gate” life cycle-based economic assessment of three forestry scenarios was undertaken in collaboration with members of Ng?ti Porou, an indigenous M?ori tribe. The three scenarios were: (1) “business as usual” (i.e. intensive management of radiata pine); (2) continuous-cover forestry management of the indigenous coniferous tree species rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb.); and (3) intensive production-scale forestry of the indigenous scrub species m?nuka (Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.). Using a 120-year timeframe, discount rates and opportunity costs were applied and a flat- and steep-land comparative analysis was performed (for radiata pine and rimu).
Results: The Net Present Value (NPV) was calculated for each scenario and showed that, on flat land, only the m?nuka scenario is profitable. However, applications of discount rates can result in a negative NPV, as is the case with the radiata pine and rimu scenarios. On steep land, both the radiata pine and rimu steep-land scenarios have improved NPV returns due to a lower opportunity cost. On steep land, radiata pine is generally profitable with a discount rate of 6% or lower and a stumpage rate of over $100 m3 and rimu is generally profitable with a discount rate of 2% or lower and a stumpage rate of over $650 m-3.
Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates the importance of strategically considering what tree species to plant, what slope of land to plant them on, and what forest management technique to utilise. Furthermore, this analysis highlights the importance of choosing appropriate discount rates and the effect of other inherent assumptions, such as opportunity cost.
Measurement problems: contemporary discussions and models
Authors: Pronskikh V S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The review discusses the basic concepts of measurement that have existed from the end of the 19th century to the present day, such as representational theory; realistic, operationalist, conventionalist, theoretical-informational, and theoretical-operational model approaches to measurement; and their advantages and weaknesses. Such characteristics of measurement as accuracy, precision, and various aspects of their application, related to agreement among measurement results, measurements and standards, measurement and ‘true’ values, as well as internal and external reproducibility of measurements, are considered. The theoretical-operational model approach to experiment (and measurement), based on V A Fock’s three-part scheme, proposed by him for quantum mechanics, is discussed in detail using an example from the physics of elementary particles. Advantages of the last approach over the others, as well as its possible applications for determining systematic uncertainty, are examined.
PENGARUH HARGA MINYAK DAN EMAS TERHADAP INDEKS HARGA SAHAM GABUNGAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto 
Published: June 2019

Ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi harga saham di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Salah satu faktor tersebut adalah perubahan harga dari produk perusahaan pertambangan yaitu minyak bumi dan emas. Hal tersebut dapat dipahami karena nilai kapitalisasi pasar sektor ini mencapai 13,9%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari pengaruh harga minyak bumi dan harga emas terhadap IHSG di BEI. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian verfikatif. Data penelitian menggunakan data bulanan dari tahun 2004 sampai dengan 2015, sedangakan teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial maupun simultan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari harga minyak dan harga emas terhadap IHSG. Kata kunci: harga minyak, harga emas, IHSG
LA AGRICULTURA CELULAR: Del laboratorio a su mesa
Authors: Ibarra Karen 
Published: June 2019

Ahora bien, ¿qué es la agricultura celular? Ésta es una tecnología que permite cultivar carne y otros productos agrícolas en un biorreactor, en lugar de una granja o finca ganadera. Esto quiere decir, que se cultiva el tejido muscular a partir de las células madre de un animal, en otras palabras, permite que ingenieros cultiven tejido muscular in vitro, sin necesidad de sacrificar animales en el proceso.
Aunque esto había sido posible desde hace mucho tiempo, fue hasta el año 2013 donde Mark Post, un científico de la Universidad de Maastricht en Holanda, creó la primera hamburguesa hecha de células madre bovinas.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Kabupaten Buton Tahun 2012 (Studi Pada Kelurahan Jaya Bakti Kecamatan Sampolawa)
Authors: Jusri Jusri 
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana partisipasi masyarakat Kelurahan Jaya Bakti Kecamatan Sampolawa dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Kabupaten Buton.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui (1) Penelitian kepustakaan (2) Penelitian lapangan (3) wawancara dan (4) Dokumentasi. Data kemudian dianalisis secara interaktif dan disajikan secara deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat Kelurahan Jaya Bakti tergolong rendah. Yakni : (1) Kesadaran untuk mendaftarkan diri sebagai Pemilih Pada Pemilukada, (2) Partisipasi pada pelaksanaan Kampanye Calon Kepala Daerah adapun partisipasi hanya dilakukan oleh adanya motivasi sebagai huburan semata, dan (3) partisipasi pada saat pelaksanaan pemungutan suara. Beberapa factor yang menyebabkan rendahnya partisipasi seperti; minimnya pengetahuan politik masyarakat, minimnya sarana informasi tentang proses pemilukada dan jauhnya lokasi pemungutan suara.
Intergovernmental Dalam Penanganan Bencana Alam Di Pemerintahan Daerah
Authors: Sadat Anwar 
Published: June 2019

Semangat desentralisasi merubah paradigma penanganan bencana dengan lebih memberikan ruang kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk memanage bencana di daerahnya. Namun tantangan besarnya adalah menyamakan persepsi masing masing pemerintah daerah bahwa penanganan bencana alam di daerah tidak bisa dikelola oleh satu institusi/pemerintahan daerah berdasar tapal batas administrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan induktif yang memungkinkan untuk mendiskripsikan hasil berbagai Kajian analisis kemungkinan upaya kerjasana antar daerah. Hasil beberapa kajian tentang penanganan bencana murujuk kesimpulan bahwa upaya penganganan pra, bencana dan pasca bencana sangat multidimensional. Dalam konteks kewenangan pemerintahan, penanganan bencana tidak hanya dilakukan oleh satu pemerintah daerah saja. Dengan begitu, kerjasama antar daerah (intergovernmental networks) penting dikembangkan pada tingkatan daerah. Kerjasama antar daerah sangat berpotensi untuk mendorong kapasitas pemerintah daerah dalam rangka sharing penglaman, sharing keuntungan dan sharing tugas/beban secara bersama sama dalam peningkatan fungsi pelayanan publik setiap pemerintah daerah. Hasil kajian juga menyimpulkan pentingnya penguatan lembaga BPBD untuk memudahkan kerjasama antar pemerintahan di daerah dalam penanggulangan bencana.
PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN DOKTER TERHADAP TINDAKAN MALPRAKTIK MEDIS
Authors: Hadi I Gusti Ayu Apsari 
Published: June 2019

Medical malpractice remains a problem in health that has not been clearly regulated in a national legislation. But the elements are already contained in Act No. 36 of 2009 on Health which includes criminal law enforcement, administration and civil law. In the perspective of civil law a medical malpractice is an unlawful act conduct that complies with the provisions of The Civil Code. This research based on normative juridical method within primary dan secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the lawsuit of unlawful act (onrechtamtige daad) in medical malpractice is regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code with elements : 1) the patient must experience a tort; 2) there are errors or missions (in addition to individuals, hospitals may have duty for errors or missions); 3) there are causal between tort and error; 4) The act is unlawful. In addition, the responsibility of the unlawful act against the medical malpractice ased on Article 1365 of the Civil Code is can be material and immaterial compensation that have a related between errors and torts.
Spectral Evidence for Heating at Large Column Mass in Umbral Solar Flare Kernels. I. IRIS Near-UV Spectra of the X1 Solar Flare of 2014 October 25
Authors: Kowalski Adam F. , Butler Elizabeth , Daw Adrian N. , Fletcher Lyndsay , Allred Joel C. , Pontieu Bart De , Kerr Graham S. , Cauzzi Gianna 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The GOES X1 flare SOL2014-10-25T17:08:00 was a three-ribbon solar flare observed with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in the near-UV (NUV) and far-UV. One of the flare ribbons crossed a sunspot umbra, producing a dramatic, ∼1000% increase in the NUV continuum radiation. We comprehensively analyze the UV spectral data of the umbral flare brightenings, which provide new challenges for radiative−hydrodynamic modeling of the chromospheric velocity field and the white-light continuum radiation. The emission line profiles in the umbral flare brightenings exhibit redshifts and profile asymmetries, but these are significantly smaller than in another, well-studied X-class solar flare. We present a ratio of the NUV continuum intensity to the Fe ii
λ2814.45 intensity. This continuum-to-line ratio is a new spectral diagnostic of significant heating at high column mass (log m/[g cm−2] > −2) during solar flares because the continuum and emission line radiation originate from relatively similar temperatures but moderately different optical depths. The full spectral readout of these IRIS data also allow for a comprehensive survey of the flaring NUV landscape: in addition to many lines of Fe ii and Cr ii, we identify a new solar flare emission line, He i
λ2829.91 (as previously identified in laboratory and early-type stellar spectra). The Fermi/GBM hard X-ray data provide inputs to radiative−hydrodynamic models (which will be presented in Paper II) in order to better understand the large continuum-to-line ratios, the origin of the white-light continuum radiation, and the role of electron beam heating in the low atmosphere.
Characterization of a Sample of Southern M Dwarfs Using Harps and X-shooter Spectra
Authors: Kuznetsov M. K. , del Burgo C. , Pavlenko Ya. V. , Frith J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present the homogeneous analysis of a sample of Southern early-type M dwarfs in the solar neighborhood (d < 60 pc). We used the MCAL technique to derive the effective temperature T
eff, metallicity [Fe/H], and activity index i

a
(H
alpha) of 420 M stars using HARPS spectra. The effective temperature T
eff, surface gravity log g, metallicity [Fe/H], and projected rotational velocity V
rotsini of 153 M0-M6 dwarfs were determined by fitting the observed intermediate-resolution spectra from the VIS arm of VLT/X-shooter with a grid of BT-Settl stellar atmosphere models. We estimated the typical uncertainties of the fit with X-shooter spectra by varying region-to-region results by σT
eff ∼ 50 K, σlog g ∼ 0.2, and σ[Fe/H] ∼ 0.2 dex. Photometric verification of T
eff for the 295 stars from the HARPS sample and the 61 stars from the X-shooter sample is also provided. We compared our results from different methods to estimate absolute uncertainty in determining the physical properties of M dwarfs.