bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment of population fluctuations of citrus pest woolly whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell, 1896) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) and its parasitoid Cales noacki Howard, 1907 (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae): A case study from Northwestern Algeria
Authors: MAHMOUDI Abdelhaq , ALLAL BENFEKIH Leila , YIGIT Abdurrahman , GOOSEN Mattheus F. A. 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the parasitoid Cales noacki Howard, 1907 (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) in the biological control of the citrus pest woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell,1896) in Northwestern Algeria. In particular the pest and parasitoid population fluctuations under different environmental conditions were investigated. The study was conducted by examination and sampling of whitefly adult populations on young shoots and catches as well as its parasitoid during a 12-month period by counting the parasite and infested-live larvae. Results showed remarkable variations in abundance indices and infestation rates of larvae and adults that depended on the growth flush in foliage and meteorological conditions of the region. The woolly whitefly manifested three flight periods coinciding with three growth flushes of orange sap; in autumn towards the end of September followed by mid-November with the highest average abundance of 10 individuals per branch and a third flight period in mid-May. Phases of growth flush seemed to have an effect on the temporal distribution of adults over the sampling period from July to June. Pest emergence appeared favorable at 12-20 °C as the minimum interval temperature whereas the maximum varied between 25-33 °C with humidity levels of 50 % and 75 %. As for the incidence of natural enemies on whiteflies, despite their abundance, their impact was not optimum due to the large fluctuations in number of whiteflies. Although the pest-parasitoid complex appears to be important in the orchard, the biological regulation exerted by C. noacki while effective is insufficient for the complete neutralization of citrus woolly whitefly A. floccosus. An integrated approach is needed using additional natural enemies associated with the woolly whitefly.
Effects of mild and severe drought stress on the biomass, phenolic compounds production and photochemical activity of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.
Authors: HABIBI Ghader 
Published: April 2019

In this study, the biomass, compatible solutes, PSII functioning and phenolic profiles of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. leaves were investigated at different time intervals after drought stress (20, 40 and 80 % of the field capacity). While the impaired ability of leaves for synthesis of assimilates caused growth inhibition in A. vera under severe drought stress, we observed that the content of proline, soluble sugars, total phenolic and flavonoids tended to increase in plants treated with mild drought stress. Under mild drought stress, the increased leaf thickness correlated with the higher productivity in terms of leaf biomass and gel production. Also, mild drought stress enhanced photochemical activity in Aloe leaves, and changed the entire quantity of secondary metabolite of vanillic acid produced, which may be considered to obtain better growth and considerable secondary metabolite of the medicinal Aloe plants treated with mild drought stress.
Effects of exogenous proline on the physiological characteristics of Triticum aestivum L. and Lens culinaris Medik. under drought stress
Authors: BEKKA Selma , ABROUS-BELBACHIR Ouzna , DJEBBAR Réda 
Published: April 2019

Proline, which is an indicator of stress, is often considered as a good parameter for the testing of plants with good drought tolerance capacity. Thus, exogenous application of proline is a possible technique to avoid the deleterious effects of the drought on plant growth. The objectives of this study are to investigate the impact exogenous proline on the physiological behavior of two plant species, bread wheat, a monocot, and lentil, a dicot, under drought stress conditions. After several preliminary tests, optimal concentrations of exogenous proline were determined (6 mM for bread wheat and 2 mM for lentil) and both species were treated in normal and drought conditions. The results showed that water deficit affected both species leading to a reduction in growth, chlorophyll content and relative water content. Likewise, 15 % PEG-6000, which is equivalent to osmotic potential of -0.31MPa, caused a high accumulation of proline. In almost of cases we also noted a remarkable decrease in catalase (Cat), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and gaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities which was probably due to the oxidative stress caused by drought stress. The application of proline in stressful conditions reduced the deleterious effects caused by the stress on both species, due, particularly, to the accumulation of free endogenous proline and the increase of Cat, APX and GPX activities.
Evaluating the effect of sowing date and drought stress on morphological and functional characteristics of three genotypes of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: REZA RAMAZANI Seyyed Hamid , KALANTARI Reza TAHERPOUR 
Published: April 2019

To assess the effects of drought stress and sowing date on phenological, morphological, and yield traits of three different cultivars of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), this study was conducted in research farm of Sarayan agricultural college- University of Birjand in 2016-2017 growing season. Experiment was conducted in a split-factorial based on the randomized complete block design with drought stress in the main plots and three sowing date (September 22, October 6, and October 22) along with three cultivars of canola (‘Homolious’, ‘Hayola50’, and ‘DK7070CL’) in the subplots in three replications. The results of analysis of variance and means comparison analysis showed significant and negative effect of drought stress on seed yield and biological yield traits of investigated cultivars of canola. The interaction effect of drought stress × sowing date × cultivar was only significant on leaf twisting trait at 1 % probability level. ‘Homolious’ was assigned as the most drought tolerance cultivar, based on SI, SSI, RDI, TOL, MP, STI, GMP, YI, YSI, and HARM drought tolerance indexes, whereas ‘Hayola50’ was assigned as most drought sensitive cultivar of oilseed rape.
Chromium-induced alkaloid production in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don in vitro cultured shoots and related gene expression patterns particularly for the novel gene GS
Authors: KHATAEE Elham , KARIMI Farah , RAZAVI Khadijeh 
Published: April 2019

This study aimed to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (Mj) combined with chromium (Cr) as elicitor on production of medicinal alkaloids, its antioxidant potential, and its effects on the expression of signaling and biosynthetic enzymes. Combined treatment had positive effects on secondary metabolism and changed genes expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), a transcription factor (TF) known as octadecanoid-responsive Catharanthus AP2-domain 3 (ORCA3) upstream of plant alkaloids biosynthetic pathway. Maximum expression levels of peroxidase1 (PRX1), geissoschizine synthase (GS) (24 h-treatment), MAPK3 and ORCA3 (8 h-treatment), were 6.25−, 4.87-, 7.67-, and 5.38-fold higher than control, respectively, in response to 100 µM Mj + 50 µM Cr. This value was 5.92-fold for strictosidine synthase (STR) in response to 100 µM Mj + 100 µM Cr after 24 h. The maximum total yield of vincristine was 1.52-fold more than control in response to 100 µM Mj after one week. This increase was 2.16, 4.01, 2.39 and 1.97-fold for ajmalicine, vinblastine, vindoline and catharanthine respectively, in response to 100 µM Mj + 50 µM Cr. Mj + Cr can elevate alkaloid production by induction of MAPK3 and ORCA3 signaling pathway, which induces expression of downstream terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) biosynthetic enzymes.
Herausforderung Bauprojekte in historischen Gebäuden – Die Österreichische Nationalbibliothek
Authors: Skina Mag. Daniel 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
1965/66 erweiterte die Österreichische Nationalbibliothek ihre Räumlichkeiten für Leser und bezog Teile der Neuen Burg der Wiener Hofburg. Der folgende Beitrag erläutert Bauprojekte wie die Errichtung des Bücherspeichers unter dem Burggarten sowie zahlreiche Sanierungsprojekte, die nach der Reformierung des Bundesmuseengesetzes erfolgten, wonach die Österreichische Nationalbibliothek ihre Vollrechtsfähigkeit erhielt und als wissenschaftliche Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts agieren konnte.
Zwischen Bund und Land. Die Landesprogramme und -konzepte für den Originalerhalt des schriftlichen Kulturguts
Authors: Schütte Jana Madlen 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
2011 wurde die Koordinierungsstelle für die Erhaltung des schriftlichen Kulturguts gegründet. Durch ihre Einrichtung sind in den letzten Jahren die sparten- und institutionenübergreifende Zusammenarbeit und die Durchführung von Maßnahmen im Feld des Originalerhalts intensiviert worden. Um eine dauerhafte Bewahrung des schriftlichen Kulturguts zu gewährleisten, ist es aber erforderlich, dass möglichst alle Länder über eigene Programme verfügen. Um ein Best-Practice-Modell für ein Landesprogramm zu entwickeln, wurde eine Umfrage unter den Mitgliedern des KEK-Expertennetzwerks und den zuständigen Ministerien durchgeführt.
A Riccati–Bernoulli sub-ODE Method for Some Nonlinear Evolution Equations
Authors: Hassan S. Z. , Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article concerns with the construction of the analytical traveling wave solutions for the model of equations for the ion sound wave under the action of the ponderomotive force due to high-frequency field and for the Langmuir wave and the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation by Riccati–Bernoulli sub-ODE method. We give the exact solutions for these two equations. The proposed method is effective tool to solve many other nonlinear partial differential equations. Moreover, this method can give a new infinite sequence of solutions. These solutions are expressed by hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions. Finally, with the aid of Matlab release 15, some graphical simulations were designed to see the behavior of these solutions.
Cost Estimation Methods of Machine Elements at the Design Stage in Unit and Small Lot Production Conditions
Authors: Więcek Dorota , Więcek Dariusz , Kuric Ivan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
On the stage of product design there is a problem concerning production cost estimation in the moment when elements are not yet definitely designed. Depending on the amount of the available information, more or less precise cost estimation methods are applied, i.e.: variant methods, generation methods, hybrid methods. The proposed method of cost estimation is based on a formalized description of information related to construction, manufacturing and organizational characteristics concerning the designed element, the automation method of technological processes design using methods of group technology and a model of determining production costs of machine elements based on Activity Based Costing.
The Use of Low-Budget Self-Assembly Sets for Research and Robotics Education
Authors: Cheluszka Piotr 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe article presents the possibilities of using easily accessible and inexpensive educational sets in scientific research and the process of robotics education. Such kits allow the exploration of theoretical and practical knowledge taking into account aspects of engineering, such as: mechanics, drive systems, sensor systems, control and programming of robots. Models of robots built from inexpensive components can also be used to test new solutions in the field of construction or control algorithms before they are used in real applications. As an example, the model of the palletizing manipulator for self-assembly was shown, the control of which was based on the Arduino Uno controller, while the drives were implemented using low-cost hobby-grade servos. For the kinematic structure of this manipulator, the forward and inverse kinematics task for the position has been discussed. This constituted the basis for the development of a manual control algorithm implemented in the controller – using a joystick and programmed – based on the data sent to the controller using serial communication from a PC. The article presents the results of the computer simulation of the manipulator kinematics, the hardware and software implementation of the robot model and the effects of its operation. The possibility of expanding the control system with additional elements to increase its functionality was indicated.
Investigation of the oxidation process in GeTe-based phase change alloy using Ge K-edge XANES spectroscopy
Authors: Krbal Milos , Kolobov Alexander V. , Fons Paul , Nitta Kiyofumi , Uruga Tomoya , Tominaga Junji 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this work, we clearly demonstrate the efficacy of using XANES spectroscopy in conjunction with a Pilatus detector as a sensitive tool to allow the study of the oxidation process in GeTe alloys via depth profile analysis. On the basis of Ge K-edge XANES spectra, it was found that GeTe alloys do not oxidize readily after an initial native surface oxidation that occurs upon exposure to oxygen in the air at the elevated temperatures, 100 °C and 330 °C. We demonstrate that amorphous GeTe possesses a higher predisposition to oxidation than crystalline GeTe when exposed to the air at temperature of 100 °C. When the temperature is set to 330 °C in an air ambient, we show that the amorphous to crystal phase transition affects the oxidation process more significantly than the simple annealing of crystalline GeTe. We suggest that the higher tendency of GeTe films to oxidize during the phase transition is a consequence of the breaking of Ge–Ge bonds in the presence of oxygen atoms which subsequently leads to the extra formation of Ge–O bonds during crystallization.
A study on how age influences swimming speed in masters breaststroke mencompetitions
Authors: Răsădean Marcel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Masters swimming competitions involve adults who practice swimming as a hobby, and it is focused on three main areas: fitness activity, recreational activity, and competitive activity. Masters swimming competitions are regulated at an international level by the FINA (Federation Internationale de Natation) and by the LEN (Ligue Europeenne de Natation). The Swimming Masters competitions are divided in age groups, starting at the age of 25, as follows: 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years etc.

Aim: In this paper we wish to present a study on reduction of swimming speed in relation to age, in breaststroke men competitions (50 m, 100 m, and 200 m).

Methods: We analyzed the swimming speed for Masters Swimmers in a long swimming pool for the following events: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m – man breaststroke. The reference speed for each age group was calculated as the mean of the best 10 times obtained for that certain category.

Results: For competitors aged 60-69 the speed decreases reaching about 80-60% of the maximum speed, and it reaches 80% of the maximum value at ages that range from 70 to 84 years old. After 85 the speed decreases up to 30% to 58% of the maximum speed.

Conclusion: In breaststroke men events the speed at which master competitors swim decreases with age. Regarding the values of speed dependent on age and type of event we can state that it decreases more abruptly for older age in shorter distance events.
Platelet-rich plasma intra-articular injections as an alternative treatment for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Sîrbu Elena , Gligor Șerban , Pantea Corina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and hypertrophic lesions of the epiphyseal bone. It is a disabling condition that causes difficulties of locomotion and severe complications in case of inappropriate treatment. There is growing evidence proving the beneficial effects of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

The aim of the present paper is to review the recent scientific literature on the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with platelet-rich plasma presenting the current opinion on this subject.

Methods: We analys several studies about PRP who were identified using online databases: EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed.

Results: After the primary analysis we selected a total of 23 relevant studies. The analysis focused on different PRP administration techniques and methods used in knee osteoarthritis.

Conclusions: PRP is most widely used in incipient and moderate symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Most studies show a significant decrease in pain and significant improvement in joint functionality. These results were mostly obtained after a short follow-up period (6 months-1 year) and also this treatment has a small number of side effects.
Contributions regarding combating obesity in middle school students (girls) from rural areas through motor activities
Authors: Cojocariu Adrian , Albu Valentin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present research aims to identify and justify adequate forms to practice physical exercises, curricular and extracurricular, that lead to effective results in combating obesity in middle school students. The study group consisted of 12 female subjects, pupils of middle school age from rural areas. The experiment was conducted during seven months, including an initial test in October and a final one in May. The final results show a clear improvement in the value of the body mass index (BMI) of subjects involved in the experiment. Therefore, it is proposed to use the physical program from the experiment in order to decrease weight, in overweight or obese pupils in middle schools.
Comparative study of wing spikers on offensive efficiency actions in obtaining points in high performance competitions
Authors: Șanta Cristian , Stupar Radu-Cristian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of world-class offensive players over a period of two years, players who have qualified and participated in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and also in the 2017 Volleyball World League. The variables used for this comparison are: the height of the players, the spot for striking the ball, the number of attacks made in each match, the number of points awarded after attacks, while considering for analysis the outside hitter and opposite positions. High-performance players record 250-300 shares in a 5-set match, about 269 jumps, the center player about 223 jumps, the outside hitter around 197, and the opposite 128 jumps, resulting in an average of 194 jumps, according to Piucco T, Santos S., (2009). Success in sports games especially in high-performance competitions is determined by the mental ability of the player that ensures personal efficiency.
Improving the quality of life through participation in physical activity- the tennis camp pilot study
Authors: Șerban Radu-Tiberiu , Baciu Alin Marius 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Aim. Scientific data show an increase in infantile overweight and obesity cases, which results in illness and social problems, thus a lower quality of life. The main causes for this situation are the lack of physical activity, the nutritional behavior and emotional stress. Our attention focused on observing the group’s social behavior at the end of the implementation of a program which integrated physical activity, a healthy nutritional behavior and social activities.
Methods. The case study started by abstracting information from scientific publications for a better understanding of the phenomena. The research used the survey method for analyzing the groups’ (n=14) social dynamics throughout the implementation of a physical activity program for children aged 8 to 12.
Results. By comparing the initial and final results of the survey, an improvement of the social relations inside the subjects’ group can be observed.
Conclusion. The main knowledge gained from this experiment is the confirmation that through the implementation of strategies that include physical activities, a strict nutritional behavior and social activities, we can improve a group’s cohesion and thus contribute to the increase of the quality of life for children aged 8 to 12 years old, although the evaluation of other aspects like the evolution of physical and mental fitness throughout such a program is needed.
Effectiveness of resistance development through football at high school students
Authors: Bădoi Alexandru - Radu , Monea Gheorghe 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the research is to optimize the development of high school students' resistance through integrated work using means and methods specific to football. Experimental verification of the effectiveness of the specific means of football playing in the development of high school students' resistance. The experiment was carried out on 681 subjects. For the development of resistance, the independent variable was implemented in the subjects of the experimental sample. All subjects were predictive and summative in the 10 samples: three motor samples, three functional samples and four somatic samples. The specific methods used in the experiment for the development of resistance were based on uniform efforts, varying intervals and efforts, with appropriate dosages leading to progress.
In the final evaluation, the subjects of the experimental sample and of the reference sample progressed towards the predictive assessment, but those of the experimental sample progressed more than the subjects of the reference sample to all the samples and tests given. The effectiveness of implementing the independent experimental variable in the experimental sample subjects was 61% compared to the subjects of the reference sample. In the experiment, we used the statistical-mathematical method using arithmetic mean, median, modulus, standard deviation, amplitude, mean error, variability coefficient, Student test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Epsilon test and Z test. Higher progress in the subjects of the experimental sample. The difference between the mean of the experimental sample and the reference sample was significant at the significance threshold p <0, 05, with a probability of 95%. The value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is very high (between 0.9 and 1) to 83.33% of high cases (between 0.7 and 0.9) to 13.88% and mean (between 0.5 and 0, 7) in 2.79% of cases, meaning that the results obtained at each sample are significant. The progress of the subjects in the experimental sample was superior to the progress of the reference sample, so we can state that the dependent variable is significant, the assumptions of the research are verified and validated.