bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
甲骨拼缀十则
Authors: 吴丽婉  
Published: July 2018

摘要 文中收录十则缀合的甲骨, 每则缀合从甲骨形态、字体分类等方面说明缀合的理由并解释卜辞意思, 卜辞内容包括商代的贡纳、祭祀、田猎、疾病、战争、吉凶等事项, 为研究商史提供一些更完整更丰富的材料。
Correlates of business survival: empirical evidence on youth-owned micro and small enterprises in Urban Ethiopia
Authors: Woldehanna Tasssew , Amha Wolday , Yonis Manex B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of person-, firm-, industry-, and business strategy-specific characteristics on the survival of youth-owned urban micro and small enterprises in Ethiopia. It employs nonparametric and semi-parametric methodologies using a retrospective data. The hazard rate reaches the highest point at business 2 years for micro enterprises and 4 years for small enterprises. Owner-, firm-, and industry-specific characteristics are important factors for micro and small enterprises’ (MSEs’) survival. Marketing and financial management strategies are playing a crucial role on extending MSEs’ survival duration. The study implies there should be more effective and longer period of support for micro than small enterprises.
Direct Support Professionals and Quality of Life of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Friedman Carli 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) are the “backbone” of long term services and supports (LTSS) in the United States (Bogenschutz, Hewitt, Nord, & Hepperlen, 2014, p. 317). This study examined the relationship between DSPs and people with intellectual and developmental disabilities' (IDD) quality of life. To do so, we utilized Personal Outcome Measures® interviews from over 1,300 people with IDD to examine the impact DSP change has at individual and organizational levels. We found DSP continuity is central to quality of life of people, including human security, community, relationships, choice, and goals. States cannot continue to provide near-poverty level reimbursement rates for DSPs and still ensure quality of life.
Transition to Adulthood as a Joint Parent-Youth Project for Young Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Marshall Sheila K. , Stainton Tim , Wall Jessie M. , Zhu Ma , Murray John , Wu Siwei , El Bouhali Asmae , Parada Filomena , Zaidman-Zait Anat , Young Richard A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Eight dyads (N = 16) residing in Western Canada participated in this investigation of how young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and their parents jointly construct, articulate, and act on goals pertinent to the young adults' transition to adulthood. Using the action-project method to collect and analyze conversations and video recall data, cases were grouped representing the ways goal-directed projects brought relationship (n = 4), planning (n = 3) or both (n = 1) to the foreground as joint projects. Resources internal to the dyad such as emotional resources, and external to the dyad, facilitated formulation and pursuit of projects. Lack of external supports and limited parental knowledge about IDD hindered joint project formulation.
The Responsibility to Build Contexts That Enhance Human Functioning and Promote Valued Outcomes for People With Intellectual Disability: Strengthening System Responsiveness
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Luckasson Ruth , Schalock Robert L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article describes a model that systems can use to build contexts that enhance human functioning and promote valued outcomes for individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Our premise is that that systems have a responsibility to build contexts that enhance human functioning and promote valued outcomes for people with ID, and that this obligation can be met through the use of contextual analysis to deliberately design and implement support strategies that are responsive to identified contextual factors. The model employs a 2-step process to identify context-based independent and intervening variables and align support strategies with identified context-based influencing factors, disability policy goals, and associated outcome domains. We propose a number of indicators that can be used to assess the quality of a system's responsiveness based on their implementation of the model. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Frames of reference in discourse: Spatial descriptions in Bashkir (Turkic)
Authors: Nikitina Tatiana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In spite of the growing body of research on frames of spatial reference, a number of important questions remain unanswered. This study explores reference frame use in Bashkir, based on a linguistic matching task and a nonverbal task. In the linguistic task, speakers relied freely on intrinsic and relative frames. In intrinsic descriptions, two different kinds of mapping were attested: a mapping based on the Ground’s function, and a mapping based on the Ground’s shape. Several factors were identified that affect the choice of linguistic description, including lexical choice, the chair’s orientation with respect to the viewer, and the speaker’s age. Interference from Russian was not a significant factor. The repair strategies speakers used when encountering misunderstanding suggest that they were not aware of the source of their difficulties. A number of previous studies reported, for different languages, a correlation between reference frame use in linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks, supporting the linguistic relativity hypothesis. The data from Bashkir shows no such correlation: nonverbal coding strategies did not correspond to the same individual’s linguistic strategies, but correlated with the use of Russian in linguistic descriptions. I interpret this finding tentatively as pointing toward a mediated relationship between spatial cognition and language.
A corpus-based investigation of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions
Authors: Pei Jiamin , Li Jian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the distribution of semantic meanings and values of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions. This is a corpus-based study with two corpora (one is Chinese corpora including 33 Chinese civil-commercial legislative instruments totaling about 343,677 tokens and the other English corpora including 33 corresponding English versions totaling about 254,621 tokens) compiled according to the taxonomic law branches in the People’s Republic of China. The corpus tools,word2vector, AntConc 3.5.7andSPSS 19.0, were employed for data filtering and analysis. Results of the study show that deontic modal verbs indicating obligation, permission and prohibition are the most frequently used type of modal verbs and the values of Chinese modal verbs and English modal verbs are significantly different. Moreover, the frequency of modal verbs in both corpora reflects the divergence of context culture between Chinese and English. Additionally, the choice of modal verbs in two corpora demonstrates the negotiability, compromise and humanity of Chinese civil-commercial legislation, which conforms to its interpersonal function. Furthermore, throughout analyzing the examples extracted from two corpora, this study attempts to provide some insights to the modal translation, during which the consistency and equivalence in terms of semantic meanings and modal values are of critical importance in legislative translation.
New Contexts for the Seuthopolis Inscription (IGBulg 3.2 1731)
Authors: Graninger Charles Denver 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe Seuthopolis Inscription (IGBulg 3.2 1731), traditionally regarded in scholarship as an index of the progress of Hellenization in Thrace in the early Hellenistic period or used to establish a historical narrative for the region during that period, is here set against a broader background of late Classical and early Hellenistic political practice in Thrace, in which a developing culture of public inscription played a central role. Two aspects of the Seuthopolis Inscription are treated in detail: first, its oath content; and, second, the relationship of the monument to a broader documentary background.
Notas en torno a la posible identidad de M. Iun[ius] pro[cos.] (AE, 1984, 615) y el nacimiento de la ciudad romana de Emporiae
Authors: Fernández Alejandro Díaz 
Published: July 2018

Resumen
Nuestro trabajo presenta una nueva propuesta de lectura de una inscripción hallada en Emporiae (Ampurias, Gerona) en honor de un M. Iuṇ[ius] cuya identidad tratamos de determinar, planteando la posibilidad de que se trate del pretor M. Iunius citado por Cicerón en su discurso Pro Cluentio y de que, por lo tanto, la inscripción corresponda a su posible proconsulado en Hispania Citerior hacia el año 68 a. C. Dicho supuesto nos permite al mismo tiempo poner al personaje en relación con las circunstancias fundacionales de la ciudad romana de Emporiae, cuyo nacimiento sitúan hoy ciertos arqueólogos en las primeras décadas del siglo I a. C.
Hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases: Aß, tau and beyond
Authors: Balschun Detlef , Rowan Michael J. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The study of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in disease models provides essential mechanistic insight into synaptic dysfunction and remodelling in many neuropsychiatric and neurological illnesses. The ability of misfolded forms of the two key proteins of Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid ß (Aß) and the microtubule binding tau to disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity, engender highly sensitive litmus tests of impending synaptic failure and subsequent structural pathology. Many transgenic and injection-induced rodent models show rapid and persistent inhibition of LTP, and sometimes opposing effects of Aß and tau on LTD. Intriguingly, both intracellular and extracellular actions of these proteins are implicated. Both directly targeting these proteins and abrogating their synaptotoxic actions are being explored to redress the insidious shift from physiological to pathological plasticity in early Alzheimer’s disease.
Mothering at a distance and disclosure of maternal HIV to children in Kingston, Jamaica
Authors: Clifford Gayle , Craig Gill , McCourt Christine 
Published: July 2018

AbstractExisting guidelines (WHO, 2011) advise caretakers and professionals to disclose children’s and their caretakers’ HIV status to children, despite a lack of evidence concerning the potential implications in resource-constrained settings. Our research uses feminist Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore the experiences of HIV positive mothers in Kingston, Jamaica, focusing on their lived experiences of talking to their children about maternal HIV. This paper will focus on the concept of mothering at a distance and how this presents additional challenges for HIV positive mothers who are trying to establish emotional closeness in relation to talking to their children about their HIV. Using Hochschild’s concept of emotion work and examples from the interviews, we highlight the difficult contexts informing women’s decisions when negotiating discussions about their HIV. Women may choose full, partial or differential disclosure or children may be told their mother’s HIV status by others. Disclosure policy, we argue, reflects Anglo-Northern constructions of the family and parenting which may not adequately reflect the experiences of poor urban mothers in low and middle income countries. We argue that policy needs to recognise culturally-specific family formations, which, in Jamaica includes absent fathers, mothering at a distance and mothering non-biological children. This article reflects on the experiences of an under-researched group, poor urban Jamaican women practising mothering at a distance, using a novel methodological approach (IPA) to bring into relief unique insights into their lived experiences and will contribute to the global policy and research literature on HIV disclosure.
Biochemical and Muscle Mechanical Postmarathon Changes in Hot and Humid Conditions
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vargas Randall , Martín-Rodríguez Saúl , Sánchez-Ureña Braulio , Rodríguez-Montero Alejandro , Salas-Cabrera Jorge , Gutiérrez-Vargas Juan C. , Simunic Bostjan , Rojas-Valverde Daniel 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Gutiérrez-Vargas, R, Martín-Rodríguez, S, Sánchez-Ureña, B, Rodríguez-Montero, A, Salas-Cabrera, J, Gutiérrez-Vargas, JC, Simunic, B, and Rojas-Valverde, D. Biochemical and muscle mechanical postmarathon changes in hot and humid conditions. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 847–856, 2020—The aim of this study was to compare biochemical changes and mechanical changes in the lower-limb muscles before and after a marathon race in hot and humid conditions. Eighteen healthy runners participated in a marathon at between 28 and 34° C and 81% humidity in Costa Rica. Serum magnesium (Mg2+), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase, and hematocrit (HCT) were measured before and after the marathon. Tensiomyography measurements from the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis, muscle displacement (Dm), contraction time (Tc), and velocities of contraction to 10 and 90% of Dm (V10 and V90) were obtained before and after the marathon. Postrace measurements showed a 544% increase in CPK (t(17): −6.925, p < 0.01), a 16% increase in HCT (t(17): −7.466, p < 0.01), a 29% decrease in Mg2+ (t(17): 3.91, p = 0.001), a 2% decrease in body mass (t(17): 4.162, p = 0.001), a 4% increase in Tc of the RF (t(17): −2.588, p = 0.019), and a 12% increase in Dm of the RF (t(17): −2.131, p < 0.048) compared with prerace measurements. No significant biochemical or mechanical differences were found between runners in terms of their finish times. These findings showed that completing a marathon in hot and humid conditions induced a significant reduction in lower-limb muscle stiffness, body mass, and Mg2+, and increased neuromuscular fatigue, CPK, and HCT, because of muscle damage and dehydration. Knowledge of the effects of heat and humidity may be of value for coaches and sports medicine practitioners in developing effective hydration and recovery protocols for marathon runners in these special conditions.
Neformaliojo ugdymo ribos: poststruktūralizmo perspektyva
Authors: Garbauskaitė - Jakimovska Justina 
Published: July 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]
Šiuo straipsniu siekiama spręsti nepakankamą teorinį neformaliojo ugdymo ir jo kaitos procesų pagrindimą ir pasiūlyti į neformaliojo ugdymo reiškinį pažvelgti iš poststruktūralizmo perspektyvos. Atliekant literatūros analizę ir pasitelkiant prancūzų poststruktūralistų Michel’io Foucault, Gilles’o Deleuze’o ir Felix’o Guattari pasiūlytus konceptus, aprašomi ir analizuojami neformaliojo ugdymo lauke vykstantys procesai, apimantys politinius sprendimus, esamas praktikas, ugdytojų veiklą, ugdytinių elgesį.
Dependence of Soft Phonon Spectra on Flexoelectric Cou-pling in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Morozovska A. N. , Scherbakov C. M. , Glinchuk M. D. 
Published: July 2018

Analytical expressions describing the frequency dispersion of the soft transverse acoustic (TA)and optic (TO) phonon modes in uniaxial ferroelectrics, as well as their dependence on theflexoelectric coupling constant f, have been analyzed in the framework of the Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire theory. A critical behavior of the TA mode with respect to the f magnitude isrevealed.
Symmetric Laue Diffraction of Spherical Neutron Waves in Absorbing Crystals
Authors: Dzyublik A. Ya. , Slisenko V. I. , Mykhaylovskyy V. V. 
Published: July 2018

Well-known Kato's theory of the Laue diffraction of spherical x-ray waves is generalized to the case of the neutron diffraction in strongly absorbing crystals, taking into consideration both the potential and the resonant scattering of neutrons by nuclei. The saddle-point method is applied for estimation of the angular integrals, being more adequate in the case of strongly absorbing crystals than the stationary-phase approximation used by Kato. It is found that the distribution of intensity of diffracted and refracted beams along the basis of the Borrmann triangle strongly depends on the deviation of the neutron energy from the nuclear resonant level.
Structural Characterization and Thickness Profile of Pulsed Laser-Deposited KY3F10: Ho3+ Thin Films
Authors: Gemechu N. , Abebe T. 
Published: July 2018

Thin films of phosphor have been successfully prepared by pulsed laser deposition using Nd-YAG laser (266 nm, pulse duration of 10 ns, repetition rate of 2Hz) on a (100) silicon substrate in vacuum environment and for different target to substrate distances. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the films crystallized in tetragonal polycrystalline phase of (in agreement with JCPDS card No 27-0465). Theoretical predictions of the thickness profile have been presented using some experimental parameters used during deposition. Assuming ellipsoidal expansion of the plasma plume, the thickness profile of the films has been estimated from the solution of the gas dynamical equations for adiabatic expansion of the plasma plume in to vacuum. The results show strong forward direction of the plume and are in a good agreement with experimental results. Both theoretical and experimental results show the decrease in film thickness for relatively larger values of target to substrate distance and this could be attributed to the decrease in deposition rate at such larger distances. Moreover, for a single film, the thickness also decreases for relatively larger radial angles with respect to the normal to substrate.
From theory to practice: a photographic inventory of museum collections to optimize collection management
Authors: Merckx Jonas , Van Roie Martijn , Gómez-Zurita Jesús , Dekoninck Wouter 
Published: July 2018

The digitization of museum specimens is a key priority in the Digital Era. Digital databases help to avoid unnecessary manipulation hazards to delicate collections, increase their accessibility to third party researchers, and contribute to the ongoing documentation of global biodiversity. Time, workforce and the need of specialized infrastructures limit the processing of the vast number of specimens in natural history collections. Cheaper, easy-to-use methods and volunteer programs are developing quickly to help bridge the gap. We present the results of combining citizen science for the digitization of an entomological collection in conjunction with the cooperation of a taxonomic expert for the remote identification of samples. In addition, we provide an assessment of the avoided monetary costs and the time needed for each step of the process. A photographic inventory of specimens belonging to the leaf beetle genus Calligrapha was compiled by volunteers using a low-cost compact camera and the species were identified using these images. Using digital photographs allowed for a rapid screening of specimens in the collection and resulted in an updated taxonomic identification of the Calligrapha collection at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. The pictures of the specimens and their original labels, as well as the new information from this endeavor were placed in an online public catalogue. This study demonstrates a worked example of how digitization has led to a practical, useful outcome through cooperation with an end user and highlights the value of museum collection digitization projects.
Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex Reichenb.) Soó Románia flórájában
Authors: Bartók Attila , Brădeanu Alin , Dulugeac Remus , Bobocea Mihai-Mircea , Şesan Tatiana Eugenia 
Published: July 2018

A Dactylorhiza Necker ex Nevski bonyolult taxonómiájú génusz, fajaik formagazdagsága, a különböző alakok közötti átmenetek sokasága, valamint a fajok között fellépő gyakori hibridizáció miatt rendszerezésük problematikus. A Valea Morii (Malom-völgy) Természetvédelmi Terület (Kolozs megye, ÉNy Románia) florisztikai kutatása során, 2017 júniusában a Románia flórájára tekintve eddig bizonytalan előfordulású ujjaskosbor, a Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex. Rchb.) Soó populációja került elő. A vizsgált helyen a D. traunsteineri üde láprétfoltokban, az Orchido-Schoenetum nigricantis Oberd. 1957 társulásban fordul elő. A terület igen hűvös és nedves mikroklimájának köszönhetően jégkori reliktumfajok és egyéb növényritkaságok (például: Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., Swertia perennis L., Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., Ophioglossum vulgatum L., Schoenus nigricans L.) voltak képesek fennmaradni a láprétfoltok gyengén bázikus kémhatású, tápanyagban és mészben gazdag talajain. A dolgozat bizonyítja a Traunsteiner ujjaskosbor jelenlétét Románia flórájában, ami a korábbi, ehhez a témához kötődő tudományos viták sorozatát zárja le, továbbá bemutatja a faj morfológiai jellemzőit, határozóbélyegeit, élőhelyét és veszélyeztetettségi státuszát.
Végveszélyben: a fejfás temetők botanikai és kultúrtörténeti értékei Magyarországon és Erdélyben
Authors: Molnár V. Attila , Löki Viktor 
Published: July 2018

Napjainkban világszerte tapasztalható a természetes élőhelyek pusztulása és eltűnése. Emiatt a kisebb kiterjedésű, de természetközeli állapotban lévő másodlagos élőhe­lyek, például a temetők szerepe egyre nagyobb természeti értékeink megőrzésében. Munkánk során Románia és Magyarország három különböző régiójában (Északi-középhegység, Alföld, Erdély) mértük fel 51 temető növénytani ér­tékeit, és temetkezési szokásait. A vizsgált temetőkben összesen 25, a magyar jogszabályok szerint vé­dett növényfaj előfordulását regisztráltuk, egy temető­ben átlagosan 1,5 védett fajt találtunk. Megfigyelé­seink alapján a hagyományos fejfás temetkezés helyét gyorsuló ütemben veszik át a modern temetkezési szokások. Nem reprezentatív közvéleménykutatá­sunk (n=102) szerint az átlagpolgárok 90%-a elégedett vagy nagyon elégedett a temetők jelenlegi álla­potával. A fűnyírás gyakoriságát a válaszadók mintegy harmada megfelelőnek ítéli, kétharmada gyakoribbá tenné, 75%-uknak pedig a modern síremlékek job­ban tetszenek, mint a hagyományos sír­hantok. A fejfás temetkezés eltűnése (és ezzel összefüggésben a temetők hagyományos, „természetkí­mélő” használatának megváltozása) nem csak kultúrtörténeti szem­pontból jelent veszteséget, hanem a temetőkben fennmaradt természeti értékeket is veszélyezteti.
SINIF İÇİ ÖLÇME VE DEĞERLENDİRME YÖNTEMLERİNİN KULLANIMI VE DENETLENMESİ: DENETMEN VE ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Usta Gonca , Uğurlu Celal Teyyar 
Published: July 2018

Öğretmenler,
öğrencilerin daha iyi öğrenmesini sağlamak amacıyla farklı yöntem, teknik,
sunum, ölçme ve değerlendirme etkinliklerine yererek öğretimsel süreci etkili
bir şekilde yönetmek durumundadırlar. Ölçme değerlendirme yöntem ve
tekniklerinin farklılaşması öğretmene yardımı gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu yardımı
sağlayan mekanizmalardan biri de denetim mekanizmasıdır. Denetim süreci var
olan durumu tespit ederken aynı zamanda da düzeltme ve önlem alma işlevini de
üstlenir. Bu yanı ile denetim, öğretmenlerin hesap verebilir olmalarını denetim
sürecini de dikkate alarak ölçme ve değerlendirme etkinliklerinin denetimini
gerçekleştirilmesini sağlamalıdır. Tüm bunlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu
araştırma kapsamında amaçlanan öğretmenlerin sınıf içi etkinlikler kapsamında
hangi ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemlerini ne amaçla kullandıklarını ortaya
koymak, bunun yanında denetmenlerin öğretmenlere düzeltme ve önlem alma
sürecinde ne kadar etkili yardım edebildiklerini betimlemektir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda olasılıklı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden tesadüfi amaçsal
örnekleme yöntemi ile 18 öğretmen ve 18 denetmenin görüşleri alınmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar: sınıf içerisinde öğretmen
tarafından kullanılan ve denetmenler tarafından gözlenen değerlendirme
yöntemlerinin bilişsel alana yönelik geleneksel değerlendirme yaklaşımlarıdır.
Ayrıca verilen dönütler müfettiş görüşlerine göre geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı
değerlendirme yaklaşımlarına yönelik iken öğretmen görüşlerine göre çok genel
ve yetersiz olduğu yönündedir. Bunun yanında her iki katılımcı grubun
görüşlerine göre denetimler yazılı evraklar üzerinde yapılmaktadır. Bu gözlemler
doğrultusunda denetmen ve öğretmenlerin ölçme ve değerlendirme etkinliklerinin
denetlenmesine yönelik önerileri objektif olunması yönündedir.