bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA damage and hormone-related cancer: a repair pathway view
Authors: Pooley Karen A , Dunning Alison M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this short review, we examine the overlap between genes known to be mutated in the germlines of individuals at risk of breast, ovarian and prostate cancers, and their positions in DNA damage repair pathways. Cancer risk mutations have been consistently reported in certain genes at the top of these pathways, but none have been reported in others. We consider whether some of these gene products are too crucial to life for mutations to be tolerated, whilst others, further down the pathways, are less essential.
Thermodynamics of the Bladderwort Feeding Strike—Suction Power from Elastic Energy Storage
Authors: Berg Otto , Singh Krizma , Hall Maxwell R , Schwaner M Janneke , Müller Ulrike K 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe carnivorous plant bladderwort exemplifies the use of accumulated elastic energy to power motion: respiration-driven pumps slowly load the walls of its suction traps with elastic energy (∼1 h). During a feeding strike, this energy is released suddenly to accelerate water (∼1 ms). However, due to the traps’ small size and concomitant low Reynolds number, a significant fraction of the stored energy may be dissipated as viscous friction. Such losses and the mechanical reversibility of Stokes flow are thought to degrade the feeding success of other suction feeders in this size range, such as larval fish. In contrast, triggered bladderwort traps are generally successful. By mapping the energy budget of a bladderwort feeding strike, we illustrate how this smallest of suction feeders can perform like an adult fish.
Comparing outcomes between valve-sparing root replacement and the Bentall procedure in proximal aortic aneurysms: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salmasi Mohammad Yousuf , Theodoulou Iakovos , Iyer Priyanka , Al-Zubaidy Mohaimen , Naqvi Danial , Snober Mohammed , Oo Aung , Athanasiou Thanos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn aortic root aneurysms, the challenge of a valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR) procedure is to ensure durable aortic valve function without reintervention. Although the Bentall procedure defers the durability of valve function to the prosthesis, short- and long-term complications tend to be higher. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of VSRR and Bentall procedures in patients with aortic root aneurysms. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed regarding the outcomes of the Bentall procedure compared with those of VSRR from the inception of the 2 procedures until July 2018. Studies with short- and long-term comparative data were included. An initial search yielded 9517 titles. Thirty-four studies were finally included for meta-analysis (all retrospective, non-randomized), comprising 7313 patients (2944 valve-sparing and 4369 Bentall procedures) with no evidence of publication bias. Operative mortality was found to be significantly lower in the VSRR group [odds ratio (OR) 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.70; P < 0.001] despite overall higher cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times. The 5-year survival rate was also more favourable in the VSRR group (OR 1.93 95% CI 1.15–3.23; P < 0.05). Significantly lower rates of cerebral thromboembolism (OR 0.668, 95% CI 0.477–0.935; P = 0.019) and heart block (OR 0.386, 95% CI 0.195–0.767; P = 0.007) were also found after VSRR. There was no significant difference in rates of reoperation between the groups at long-term follow-up (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.75–2.33; P = 0.336). Meta-regression of patient and operative covariates yielded no influence on the main outcomes (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that VSRR is an appropriate and potentially better treatment option for a root aneurysm when the aortic valve is repairable.
Two-dimensional Brinkman flows and their relation to analogous Stokes flows
Authors: Martin P A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
2D Stokes flows often exhibit the Stokes paradox: logarithmic growth of the fluid velocity in the far field. Analogous Brinkman flows are governed by the same equations apart from an additional term involving a parameter $\alpha$. Although these equations reduce to those for Stokes flow when $\alpha =0$, we show that the Brinkman solutions do not approach the corresponding Stokes solutions as $\alpha \to 0$; instead, logarithmic divergence with $\alpha$ is found. We also show that Brinkman flows do not exhibit a Stokes-like paradox. These results are given in detail for two specific problems, namely flow past a rigid circular cylinder and flow past a thin rigid strip.
Some Remarks on Non-Symmetric Interpolation Macdonald Polynomials
Authors: Sahi Siddhartha , Stokman Jasper 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe provide elementary identities relating the three known types of non-symmetric interpolation Macdonald polynomials. In addition we derive a duality for non-symmetric interpolation Macdonald polynomials. We consider some applications of these results, in particular to binomial formulas involving non-symmetric interpolation Macdonald polynomials.
Persistence of Neutralizing Antibody Responses Among Yellow Fever Virus 17D Vaccinees Living in a Nonendemic Setting
Authors: Kareko Bettie W , Booty Brian L , Nix Chad D , Lyski Zoe L , Slifka Mark K , Amanna Ian J , Messer William B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The once-in-a-lifetime recommendation for vaccination against yellow fever virus (YFV) has been controversial, leading to increased scrutiny of the durability of immunity after 17D vaccination.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional analysis of 17D vaccinees living in nonendemic Portland, Oregon. Neutralization assays were used to determine YFV immunity. The relationships between 17D immunity and vaccination history, demographics, and travel were evaluated using nominal logistic regression.

Results
Seventy-one of 92 (77.2%) subjects were YFV seropositive (90 percent plaque reduction neutralization test ≥1:10) at all timepoints, and 24 of 38 (63.8%) were YFV seropositive at ≥10 years after single-dose vaccination. No relationship was found between YFV immunity and time in endemic countries, other flavivirus immunity, or demographics. Subjects were most likely to become seronegative between 3 and 12 years postvaccination (logistic regression, odds ratio [OR] = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–2.73). A comparison of our results and 4 previous studies of YFV nonendemic vaccinees found that overall, 79% (95% CI, 70%–86%) of vaccinees are likely to be seropositive ≥10 years postvaccination.

Conclusions
These results suggest that 1 in 5 17D vaccinees will lack neutralizing antibodies at ~10 years postvaccination, and a booster vaccination should be considered for nonendemic vaccinees before travel to regions where there is a high risk of YFV transmission.
The mental health and depression of rural-to-urban migrant workers compared to non-migrant workers in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Zan , Dai Junming , Wu Ning , Gao Junling , Fu Hua 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Migrant workers worldwide commonly are susceptible to mental disorders. Since the 1980s, there has been a large-scale increase in the number of migrant workers in China; this development parallels the acceleration of socio-economic transformation. Studies addressing this population rarely focus on workers’ mental health or psychological well-being, yet it is imperative to understand the mental health status of rural-to-urban migrant workers and study the relationship between migration and mental health.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 3286 participants (response rate 85.4%) was conducted among different work units in Shanghai. All of the variables of this survey were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire, with depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale and poor mental health (PMH) measured by the World Health Organization 5-Item Well-Being Index (WHO-5) scale. Pearson’s χ2 test and logistic regression were used to compare migrants with urbanites, and to identify factors related to mental health outcomes.

Results
Migrant workers (15.3%) had a slightly higher prevalence of depression than non-migrant (12.0%) workers, with notable PMH (26.9%) among participants >45 y of age. In the logistic regression models, those who reported low job satisfaction, unhealthy organizations, poor physical health (self-rated) and long working hours were 2.86 (95% CI 2.14 to 3.84), 1.42 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.91), 1.89 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.55) and 1.48 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.03) times more likely to have depression, respectively. Similarly, workers >45 y of age were 2.92 (95% CI 1.65 to 5.16) and 1.80 (95% CI 1.01 to 3.21) times more likely to have PMH for low job satisfaction and unhealthy organizations, respectively.

Conclusions
There are numerous potential causes affecting the mental health of Chinese internal migrant workers. Strengthening the construction of healthy organizations and enhancing workers’ job satisfaction may improve the mental health status or psychological well-being of this group.
The effect of a community-based health insurance on the out-of-pocket payments for utilizing medically trained providers in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Jahangir A M , Ahmed Sayem , Sultana Marufa , Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Chakrovorty Sanchita , Rahman Mohammad Hafizur , Islam Ziaul , Rehnberg Clas , Niessen Louis W 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to estimate the effect of the community-based health insurance (CBHI) scheme on the magnitude of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for the healthcare of the informal workers and their dependents. The CBHI scheme was piloted through a cooperative of informal workers, which covered seven unions in Chandpur Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was conducted using a case-comparison design. In total 1292 (646 insured and 646 uninsured) households were surveyed. Propensity score matching was done to minimize the observed baseline differences in the characteristics between the insured and uninsured groups. A two-part regression model was applied using both the probability of OOP spending and magnitude of such spending for healthcare in assessing the association with enrolment status in the CBHI scheme while controlling for other covariates.ResultsThe OOP payment was 6.4% (p &lt; 0.001) lower for medically trained provider (MTP) utilization among the insured compared with the uninsured. However, no significant difference was found in the OOP payments for healthcare utilization from all kind of providers, including the non-trained ones.ConclusionsThe CBHI scheme could reduce OOP payments while providing better quality healthcare through the increased use of MTPs, which consequently could push the country towards universal health coverage.
Distinct roles of BCNP1 in B-cell development and activation
Authors: Hong Rongjian , Lai Nannan , Xiong Ermeng , Ouchida Rika , Sun Jiping , Zhou Yang , Tang Yue , Hikida Masaki , Tsubata Takeshi , Tagawa Masatoshi , Wang Yanqing , Wang Ji-Yang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractB-cell novel protein 1 (BCNP1) has recently been identified as a new B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling molecule but its physiological function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mice deficient in BCNP1 exhibit impaired B-cell maturation and a reduction of B-1a cells. BCNP1-deficient spleen B cells show enhanced survival, proliferation and Ca2+ influx in response to BCR cross-linking as compared with wild-type spleen B cells. Consistently, mutant B cells show elevated phosphorylation of SYK, B-cell linker protein (BLNK) and PLCγ2 upon BCR cross-linking. In vivo, BCNP1-deficient mice exhibit enhanced humoral immune responses to T-independent and T-dependent antigens. Moreover, aged mutant mice contain elevated levels of serum IgM and IgG3 antibodies and exhibit polyclonal and monoclonal B-cell expansion in lymphoid organs. These results reveal distinct roles for BCNP1 in B-cell development, activation and homeostasis.
Challenges and opportunities using online portals to recruit diverse patients to behavioral trials
Authors: Tabriz Amir Alishahi , Fleming Patrice Jordan , Shin Yongyun , Resnicow Ken , Jones Resa M , Flocke Susan A , Shires Deirdre A , Hawley Sarah T , Willens David , Lafata Jennifer Elston 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We describe the use of an online patient portal to recruit and enroll primary care patients in a randomized trial testing the effectiveness of a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening decision support program. We use multiple logistic regression to identify patient characteristics associated with trial recruitment, enrollment, and engagement. We found that compared to Whites, Blacks had lower odds of viewing the portal message (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.37–0.57), opening the attached link containing the study material (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.62–0.92), and consenting to participate in the trial (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.67–0.93). We also found that compared to Whites, Asians had lower odds of viewing the portal message (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.33–0.64), opening the attached link containing the study material (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.54–0.97), consenting to participate in the trial (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.53–0.95), and completing the trial’s baseline questionnaire (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.36–0.90). While portals offer an opportunity to mitigate human bias in trial invitations, because of racial disparities—not only in who has a portal account, but in how they interact with trial recruitment and enrollment material within the portal—using portals alone for trial recruitment may generate study samples that are not racially diverse.
Effects of supplementing processed straw during late gestation on sow physiology, lactation feed intake, and offspring body weight and carcass quality1
Authors: Agyekum Atta Kofi , Columbus Daniel A , Farmer Chantal , Beaulieu A Denise 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of supplementing late gestation sow diets with processed or unprocessed oat or wheat straw on physiology, early lactation feed intake, and offspring performance. One hundred fifty gestating sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments (30 sows per diet) from day 86 of gestation until farrowing. Treatments, arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial plus a control, were a standard gestation diet (control) or control supplemented with 10% wheat or oat straw, processed or unprocessed. Sows were fed a standard lactation diet postfarrowing. The processed straws were produced by high-pressure compaction at 80 °C. On day 101 of gestation (day 15 of the trial), blood samples were collected from a subset of sows (n = 8 per treatment) through ear vein catheters and analyzed for insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), prolactin, glucose, and urea concentrations. Fecal samples were collected on days 103 to 104 of gestation to determine nutrient digestibility, and feeding motivation was investigated on day 104. Litter characteristics and sow feed intake were recorded for 7 d postfarrowing. Three piglets per litter were selected at weaning, fed standard diets, and followed to market. Treatment had no effect on feeding motivation, piglet characteristics at birth, estimated milk production, and offspring BW at market or carcass quality. Processed straw improved DM digestibility and energy content and the effect was greater with oat straw (straw × processing effect, P < 0.05). Pre- and postprandial glucose concentrations tended to decrease (P < 0.10) with processing of wheat, but not oat straw, and this effect was more apparent in the preprandial samples. Preprandial prolactin concentration increased with oat but decreased with wheat straw, whereas postprandial IGF-1 and prolactin concentration increased with processing of wheat, but not oat straw (straw × processing, P < 0.05). Sow lactation feed intake improved (P < 0.05) with oat straw supplementation relative to wheat straw. Piglet weaning weight increased (P < 0.05) with oat straw supplementation and processing improved (P < 0.05) nursery exit BW. However, straw supplementation, regardless of processing, had no effect on offspring BW at market or carcass quality. Overall, oat straw supplementation had a greater impact on sow physiology and provided benefits for sows in late gestation, and there was some indication that further benefits could be obtained through mild processing.
The Nature of the Rome Statute and the Place of International Law before the International Criminal Court
Authors: de Souza Dias Talita 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Over 20 years have passed since the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Yet the nature of the Statute still is an open question. It remains unclear who is bound by the Statute, to what extent and under what legal basis. While there is now little doubt that the Statute applies to states parties and the individuals subject to their territorial and active nationality jurisdiction, the same cannot be said for situations accepted by states on an ad hoc basis or referred by the Security Council. This question has significant implications for the Court’s applicable law in particular cases, including on issues of immunities of state officials and non-retroactivity. The aim of this article is to provide a more comprehensive answer to that question by building on previous studies in three ways. First, the nature of the Statute will be sought not only in relation to individuals but also states. Secondly, recourse will be had to the full range of interpretative tools in Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, including its travaux préparatoires. Thirdly, particular attention will be given to the principle of systemic integration and the doctrine of delegated powers in international law, as part of the context of the Statute.
Oncological outcome of neoadjuvant low-dose estramustine plus LHRH agonist/antagonist followed by extended radical prostatectomy for Japanese patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer: a prospective single-arm study
Authors: Enokida Hideki , Yamada Yasutoshi , Tatarano Shuichi , Yoshino Hirofumi , Yonemori Masaya , Sakaguchi Takashi , Nishimura Hiroaki , Eura Rumiko , Nakagawa Masayuki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients with advanced high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) are prone to have worse pathological diagnoses of positive surgical margins and/or lymph node invasion, resulting in early biochemical recurrence (BCR) despite having undergone radical prostatectomy (RP). Therefore, it is controversial whether patients with high-risk PCa should undergo RP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NAC) followed by “extended” RP.MethodsA total of 87 patients with high-risk PCa prospectively underwent extended RP after NAC; most of the patients underwent 6 months of estramustine phosphate (EMP) 140 mg twice daily, along with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist/antagonist. We developed our surgical technique to reduce the rate of positive surgical margins. We aimed to approach the muscle layer of the rectum by dissecting the mesorectal fascia and continuing the dissection through the mesorectum until the muscle layer of the rectum was exposed.ResultsMore than 1 year had elapsed after surgery in all 86 patients, with a median follow-up period of 37.7 months. The 3-year BCR-free survival was 74.9%. Multivariate Cox-regression analysis revealed that a positive core ratio of 50% or greater and pathological stage of pT3 or greater were independent predictors for BCR. About 17 of 23 cases received salvage androgen deprivation therapy and concurrent external beam radiotherapy, and showed no progression after the salvage therapies.ConclusionsNAC concordant with extended RP is feasible and might provide good cancer control for patients with high-risk PCa.
The molecular chaperone Hsp90α deficiency causes retinal degeneration by disrupting Golgi organization and vesicle transportation in photoreceptors
Authors: Wu Yuan , Zheng Xiudan , Ding Yubo , Zhou Min , Wei Zhuang , Liu Tao , Liao Kan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHeat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an abundant molecular chaperone with two isoforms, Hsp90α and Hsp90β. Hsp90β deficiency causes embryonic lethality, whereas Hsp90α deficiency causes few abnormities except male sterility. In this paper, we reported that Hsp90α was exclusively expressed in the retina, testis, and brain. Its deficiency caused retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a disease leading to blindness. In Hsp90α-deficient mice, the retina was deteriorated and the outer segment of photoreceptor was deformed. Immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopic analysis revealed disintegrated Golgi and aberrant intersegmental vesicle transportation in Hsp90α-deficient photoreceptors. Proteomic analysis identified microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) as an Hsp90α-associated protein in photoreceptors. Hspα deficiency increased degradation of MAP1B by inducing its ubiquitination, causing α-tubulin deacetylation and microtubule destabilization. Furthermore, the treatment of wild-type mice with 17-DMAG, an Hsp90 inhibitor of geldanamycin derivative, induced the same retinal degeneration as Hsp90α deficiency. Taken together, the microtubule destabilization could be the underlying reason for Hsp90α deficiency-induced RP.
The Reform of Investor-State Dispute Settlement: Bringing the Findings of Social Psychology into the Debate
Authors: Gicquello Myriam 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article introduces the findings of social psychology, especially group psychology, into the study of investment arbitration. It argues that arbitrators as members of small groups (i.e. tribunals or divisions in an Investment Court) might be subjected to a number of influences inherent to such collective settings—factors already proven to be at play in domestic courts. In turn, identifying those factors provides an opportunity to reduce their impact on the decision-making of legal adjudicators through the implementation of adequate remedies. Adopting one of the most popular models of group decision-making—groupthink— this article discusses the manifestations and implications of this theory for Investor-State Dispute Settlement both in its ad hoc and institutionalized forms. Specifically, it claims that the Investment Court defended by the EU and generally posited in some agreements might not be that different from the current system from a socio-psychological perspective, and hence could be further improved.