bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Variety and Plant Spacing on Grain and Fodder Yield
Authors: Augustine Boakye Boateng, , Godfre Wilson, 
Published: June 2019

A field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of plant spacing on grain and fodder yield of four cowpeas varieties. Four cowpea varieties i.e. Asetenapa, Asomdwe, Hewale and Videza were sown with three plant spacing i.e. 30 x 15 cm, 45 x 15 cm and 60 x 15 cm at Samboligo in the Bongo District of the Upper East of Ghana. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block with four replicates in factorial fashion. Cowpea variety and plant spacing significantly influenced grain yield, 1000 seed weight, nodules per plant and plant height. Plant spacing had no significant effect on stem girth, pods per plant, pod length and seed per pods. Variety ‘Hewale’ produced the highest grain yield of 991.3 kg ha-1 while Asetenapa produced the highest fodder yield of 1025.5 kg ha-1. Interactive effect between Asomdwe and 45 x 15 cm had the highest 1000 seed weight (170.6 g) while Asetenapa and 30 x 15 cm produced the highest grain yield (1072.9 kg ha-1). Variety ‘Hewale’ is recommended for commercial grain production while Asetenapa for fodder production. Asetenapa and 30 x 15 cm combination is recommended for commercial grain production.
Uncertainty of Treatment of Serratia marcescens Endocarditis
Authors: Goodberlet Melanie , Schontz Michael , McLaughlin Kevin , Kelly Julie 
Published: June 2019

Aim: To discuss two patient cases of Serratia marcescens endocarditis and the paucity of literature regarding treatment options.
Presentation of Case: Patient 1 was a 29-year old male who presented with native mitral valve Serratia marcescens endocarditis presumed secondary to intravenous drug use. He was empirically treated with vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam then transitioned to meropenem and gentamicin 1 mg/kg every 8 hours. He was maintained on vancomycin monotherapy for days 4-14. Gentamicin was restarted on hospital day 14 at 7 mg/kg every 36 hours for 6 weeks. He underwent mitral valve replacement on hospital day 20. He was readmitted on day 42 with splenic lesions and enlarging mycotic aneurysms. Patient 2 was a 38-year old male with native aortic valve Serratia marcescens endocarditis with septic emboli presumed secondary to intravenous drug use. He was treated with vancomycin and cefepime then was transitioned to ceftriaxone and levofloxacin. The patient underwent aortic valve replacement on hospital day 3 and was transitioned to meropenem and levofloxacin for 6 weeks.
Discussion: The treatment strategies for both patients demonstrates that the optimal treatment strategy for Serratia marcescens endocarditis remains unclear. The gentamicin dosing for patient 1 demonstrates “synergy” and extended-interval dosing. Despite both dosing strategies being used, the patient continued to exhibit complications of the infection. Patient 2 demonstrates successful treatment of the infection with surgical intervention and a carbapenem/fluoroquinolone regimen.
Conclusion: These cases demonstrates that much remains unclear in the treatment of Serratia marcescens endocarditis and more studies and case reports are needed.
Aberrantly expressed PLOD1 promotes cancer aggressiveness in bladder cancer: a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target
Authors: Yamada Yasutaka , Kato Mayuko , Arai Takayuki , Sanada Hiroki , Uchida Akifumi , Misono Shunsuke , Sakamoto Shinichi , Komiya Akira , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Seki Naohiko 
Published: June 2019

Bladder cancer (BC) is the ninth most malignant tumor worldwide. Some BC patients will develop muscle‐invasive BC (MIBC), which has a 5‐year survival rate of approximately 60% due to metastasis. As such, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic and diagnostic targets for MIBC. Analysis of novel antitumor microRNA (miRNA)‐mediated cancer networks is an effective strategy for exploring therapeutic targets and prognostic markers in cancers. Our previous miRNA analysis revealed that miR‐140‐5p acts as an antitumor miRNA in BC cells. Here, we investigated miR‐140‐5p regulation of BC molecular pathogenesis. Procollagen‐lysine, 2‐oxoglutarate 5‐dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) was found to be directly regulated by miR‐140‐5p, and aberrant expression of PLOD1 was observed in BC clinical specimens. High PLOD1 expression was significantly associated with a poor prognosis (disease‐free survival: P = 0.0204; overall survival: P = 0.000174). Multivariate analysis showed PLOD1 expression to be an independent prognostic factor in BC patients (hazard ratio = 1.51, P = 0.0099). Furthermore, downregulation of PLOD1 by siRNAs and a specific inhibitor significantly decreased BC cell aggressiveness. Aberrant expression of PLOD1 was closely associated with BC pathogenesis. In summary, the present study showed that PLOD1 may be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for BC.
American Indians Have a Higher Risk of Sjögren's Syndrome and More Disease Activity Than European Americans and African Americans
Authors: Scofield R. Hal , Sharma Rohan , Pezant Nathan , Kelly Jennifer A. , Radfar Lida , Lewis David M. , Kaufman C. Erick , Cioli Sarah , Harris Judy , Grundahl Kiely , Rhodus Nelson L. , Wallace Daniel J. , Weisman Michael H. , Venuturupalli Swamy , Brennan Michael T. , Koelsch Kristi A. , Lessard Christopher J. , Montgomery Courtney G. , Sivils Kathy L. , Rasmussen Astrid 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical and serologic manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in ethnic groups of the US.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 648 patients with primary SS: 20 African American (AA), 164 American Indian (AI), 426 European American (EA), and 38 patients of other races evaluated in a multidisciplinary Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance research clinic.ResultsAA subjects comprised 3.1% of the SS cohort, much lower than the percentage of AA in the state of Oklahoma (P = 3.01 × E – 05), the US (P = 2.24E – 13), or a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort at the same institution (P = 4.26 × 10E – 27). In contrast, the percentage of AI in the SS cohort (25.3%) was much higher than expected (P = 3.17E – 09 versus SLE cohort, P = 6.36 – 26 versus Oklahoma, and P = 8.14E – 96 versus US population). The SS classification criteria were similar between AA and EA, but subjects of AI ancestry had lower rates of abnormal tear and salivary flow, as well as anti‐Ro/SSA and anti‐La/SSB antibodies. Paradoxically, AI had higher levels of disease activity (mean ± SD European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index score 3.77 ± 4.78) in comparison to EA (2.90 ± 4.12; P = 0.011) and more extraglandular manifestations affecting mainly the articular and glandular domains. Meanwhile, AA patients were characterized by higher rates of hypergammaglobulinemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.39 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.39–8.65]; P = 0.01), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (OR 3.95 [95% CI 1.46–9.95]; P = 0.009), and parotid enlargement (OR 4.40 [95% CI 1.49–13.07]; P = 0.02).ConclusionAI are affected at high rates with SS but present with few classical features, potentially preventing timely diagnosis. In contrast to SLE, SS is infrequent and not more severe among AA, but the triad of hypergammaglobulinemia, increased ESR, and parotid enlargement warrants extra vigilance for lymphomagenesis.
High‐Efficiency and Tunable Circular‐Polarization Beam Splitting with a Liquid‐Filled All‐Metallic Catenary Meta‐Mirror
Authors: Xie Xin , Pu Mingbo , Liu Kaipeng , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Yang Jianing , Luo Xiangang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCircular‐polarization beam splitting is one functionality of interest in polarization control. However, current splitters suffer from limitations in either efficiency or tunability. It is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that a meta‐mirror composed of catenary‐shaped metallic gratings can efficiently deflect left‐handed and right‐handed circularly polarized waves in opposite directions with power efficiency of over 90%. This ultrahigh efficiency is attributed to the nearly perfect polarization conversion and continuous phase profile of the metallic catenary structure. Furthermore, the meta‐mirror demonstrates high beam‐splitting tunability with ethanol injected into the catenary groove. By controlling ethanol depth, the working frequency for peak deflection can be continuously tuned from 10.5 to 8.5 GHz. It is believed that this approach can provide valuable guidance for efficient and dynamic control of electromagnetic waves for various applications.
Thermoresponsive and Protease‐Cleavable Interferon‐Polypeptide Conjugates with Spatiotemporally Programmed Two‐Step Release Kinetics for Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Zhuoran , Guo Jianwen , Sun Jiawei , Liang Ping , Wei Yan , Deng Xuliang , Gao Weiping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProtein‐polymer conjugates show improved pharmacokinetics but reduced bioactivity and tumor penetration as compared to native proteins, resulting in limited antitumor efficacy. To address this dilemma, genetic engineering of a body temperature‐responsive and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐cleavable conjugate of interferon alpha (IFNα) and elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP) is reported with spatiotemporally programmed two‐step release kinetics for tumor therapy. Notably, the conjugate could phase separate to form a depot postsubcutaneous injection, leading to 1‐month zero‐order release kinetics. Furthermore, it could selectively be cleaved by MMPs that are overexpressed in tumors to release IFNα from ELP and thus to recover the bioactivity of IFNα. Consequently, it exhibits dramatically enhanced tumor accumulation, tumor penetration, and antitumor efficacy as compared to free IFNα in two mouse models of melanoma and ovarian tumor. These findings may provide an intelligent technology of thermoresponsive and protease‐cleavable protein‐polymer conjugates with spatiotemporally programmed two‐step release kinetics for tumor treatment.
Paramagnetic Carbon Nanosheets with Random Hole Defects and Oxygenated Functional Groups
Authors: Jung Sun‐Min , Park Jungmin , Shin Dongbin , Jeong Hu Young , Lee DongKyu , Jeon In‐Yup , Cho HyungJoon , Park Noejung , Yoo Jung‐Woo , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrdered graphitic carbon nanosheets (GCNs) were, for the first time, synthesized by the direct condensation of multifunctional phenylacetyl building blocks (monomers) in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide. The GCNs had highly ordered structures with random hole defects and oxygenated functional groups, showing paramagnetism. The results of combined structural and magnetic analyses indicate that the hole defects and functional groups are associated with the appearance and stabilization of unpaired spins. DFT calculations further suggest that the emergence of stabilized spin moments near the edge groups necessitates the presence of functionalized carbon atoms around the hole defects. That is, both hole defects and oxygenated functional groups are essential ingredients for the generation and stabilization of spins in GCNs.
Pd/PC‐Phos‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Denitrogenative Cyclization of Benzotriazoles with Allenes and N‐Allenamides
Authors: Zhang Pei‐Chao , Han Jie , Zhang Junliang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReported herein is an asymmetric Pd/PC‐Phos‐catalyzed denitrogenative cyclization of benzotriazoles with allenes and N‐allenamides, representing the first example of enantioselective denitrogenative cyclizations of benzotriazoles. A series of optically active 3‐methyleneindolines were obtained in good yields with high ee values. The use of inexpensive and readily available starting materials, high regio‐ and enantioselectivity, a broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, no need for base, as well as versatile functionalization of the 3‐methyleneindolines make this approach attractive.
Synthesis and evaluation of N, O‐doped hypercrosslinked polymers and their performance in CO2 capture
Authors: Liu Yin , Jia Xiangkun , Liu Jin , Fan Xinlong , Zhang Baoliang , Zhang Aibo , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: June 2019

A series of N, O‐doped hypercrosslinked microporous polymers (HCPs) with high surface area and rich microporosity were constructed via facile Friedel‐Crafts alkylation promoted by anhydrous ferric chloride (FeCl3), which used benzyl alcohol (BA) and 2‐phenylimidazole (PID) as the basic building blocks. The effects of structural composition on the pore properties and gas adsorption properties of prepared HCPs were systematically investigated. The results show that by adjusting the ratio of PID to BA, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area and pore volume of the prepared HCPs can be controlled, and the BET specific surface area of the polymers range from 732–992 m2/g. Gas uptake experiments indicate that the obtained HCPs exhibit very high CO2 adsorption capacity up to 3.55 mmol/g at 273 K/1.0 bar. Simultaneously, these N, O‐doped HCPs also show quite high isosteric heat of CO2 sorption at the low coverage (up to 33 kJ/mol). In addition, the prepared HCPs have excellent selective adsorption performance, and the optimal selective adsorption of CO2/N2 is 62. These results demonstrate that these prepared HCPs are potential candidates for applications in CO2 capture.
Immunogenomic profiles associated with response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Akiyoshi T , Tanaka N , Kiyotani K , Gotoh O , Yamamoto N , Oba K , Fukunaga Y , Ueno M , Mori S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy success has an immune-associated component. The immunogenomic profiles associated with responses to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were assessed in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer in this study.MethodsCD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) and stromal lymphocyte densities were assessed by immunohistochemistry using pretreatment biopsies from patients with advanced rectal cancer who had preoperative CRT. Whole-exome sequencing and gene expression microarray analysis were conducted to investigate the genomic properties associated with the response to CRT and CD8+ TIL density. Response to CRT was determined based on Dworak tumour regression grade (TRG); tumours with complete (TRG 4) or near-complete (TRG 3) regression were grouped as good responders, and those with TRG 1 as non-responders.ResultsImmunohistochemical examinations (275 patients) showed that pre-CRT CD8+ TIL density was associated with better response to CRT and improved recurrence-free survival, whereas pre-CRT stromal CD8+ cell density was not associated with either response to CRT or recurrence-free survival. Whole-exome sequencing (74 patients) showed that the numbers of single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) and neoantigens predicted from SNVs were higher in good responders than in non-responders, and these correlated positively with CD8+ TIL density (rs = 0·315 and rs = 0·334 respectively). Gene expression microarray (90 patients) showed that CD8A expression correlated positively with the expression of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) (rs = 0·264) and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) (rs = 0·507).ConclusionPre-CRT neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cell priming may be a key event in CRT responses where immune checkpoint molecules could be useful targets to enhance tumour regression.
Development and validation of a staging system for gastric adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy
Authors: Lin J X , Yoon C , Desiderio J , Yi B C , Li P , Zheng C H , Parisi A , Huang C M , Strong V E , Yoon S S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy is commonly used for patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. The eighth AJCC ypTNM staging system was validated based on patients undergoing more limited lymphadenectomy (less than D2). The aim of this study was to develop a system for accurate staging of patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy.

Methods
A modified system of ypTNM was developed, based on overall survival (OS) of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and validated using data from an international cohort of patients who had similar treatment.

Results
Of 325 patients in the derivation cohort, 33 (10·2 per cent) had ypT0 N0/+ tumours, which are not classifiable under the AJCC system. The 5-year OS rate for modified ypTNM stages I, II, IIIA and IIIB was 89, 71, 42·3 and 10 per cent respectively, compared with 82, 65·2 and 24·1 for AJCC stages I, II and III respectively. The concordance index (0·730 versus 0·709), estimated area under the curve (0·765 versus 0·740) and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve throughout the observation period were all superior for modified ypTNM staging. For the validation cohort of 186 patients, the modified system was again better at separating patients into prognostic groups for OS.

Conclusion
The modified ypTNM staging system improves the accuracy of OS prediction for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy.
Circular RNA screening from EIF3a in lung cancer
Authors: Huang Ma‐Sha , Yuan Fu‐Qiang , Gao Yang , Liu Jun‐Yan , Chen Yi‐Xin , Wang Chen‐Jing , He Bai‐Mei , Zhou Hong‐Hao , Liu Zhao‐Qian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEukaryotic initiation factor 3 (EIF3) is one of the largest and most complex translation initiation factors, which consists of 13 subunits named eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (EIF3a) to EIF3m. EIF3a is the largest subunit of EIF3. Previous studies suggested that EIF3a is a housekeeping gene, recent results have found that EIF3a is closely related to the tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from biologically important gene can play an important role in gene regulation. However, the mechanism underlying circRNAs’ biological functions is not well understood yet. In this work, we screened 31 EIF3a‐derived circRNAs, in which two circEIF3as were identified to be correlated with cisplatin drug sensitivity in lung cancer. Two circEIF3as were found involved in RNA‐binding proteins‐mediated biological processes and may be related to translational regulation according to bioinformatics analyses. CircEIF3as, the transcriptional initiation factor EIF3a transcribed circRNAs, are associated with both drug sensitivity and translation regulation. These findings mean that they may have a functional synergy effect with EIF3a or be valuable therapeutic targets for treatment like EIF3a. This is the first study that exploits circRNAs screening from EIF3a in lung cancer, our findings provide a novel perspective on the function of EIF3a and circEIF3as in lung cancer.
Transcatheter closure of sinus venosus atrial septal defect with anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: Innovative technique with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Abdullah Hussein A. M. , Alsalkhi Hussein A. , Khalid Khalid A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionSurgical closure of sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) is the standard management. A safe and effective transcatheter approach will be an attractive option.ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility and long‐term safety of transcatheter closure of SVASD with anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.Patients and methodsFrom July 2011 to October 2013, four patients with large SVASD and anomalous right upper pulmonary venous (RUPV) drainage underwent transcatheter closure of their defects at Ibn‐Albitar Center for Cardiac Surgery, Baghdad, Iraq. Two patients with superior vena cava (SVC)‐type SVASD underwent closure using covered Cheatham‐Platinum (CP) stents with no need for septal occluder. The other two patients had large RA‐type SVASD who underwent closure using covered CP stents only in one patient and stents and device in the other one. An angiogram in the RUPV during balloon inflation in the SVC was done to ensure that the RUPV drains back to the left atrium. The covered CP stent was mounted and hand crimped onto Z‐Med™ or BIB‐balloon catheters and deployed in the desired location under transesophageal echocardiography guidance.ResultsThe two patients with SVC‐type SVASD underwent successful closure using two overlapping covered CP stents implanted in the SVC, thus creating total septation between the SVC and the RUPV. The RA‐type SVASD patients underwent closure using two overlapping covered CP stents. One with mild to moderate residual shunt that completely disappeared at 12 months follow‐up after implantation of a second 45 mm CP stent. A significant residual shunt in the second patient was closed successfully using a PFO device.ConclusionTranscatheter closure of SVASD through SVC stent insertion with or without subsequent device implantation is feasible and effective.
Sudden floating thrombus formation on the delivery cable before Amplatzer‐Amulet device deployment during left atrial appendage occlusion: The need for a standardized anticoagulation
Authors: Talanas Giuseppe , Sanna Giuseppe D. , Portoghese Michele , Parodi Guido 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnticoagulation is of paramount importance during left atrial appendage occlusion procedure (LAAOP) to prevent periprocedural stroke. We present the case of a 66‐year‐old male patient who was scheduled to undergo LAAOP because of a prior intracranial bleeding. After transesophageal echocardiography‐guided transseptal puncture, intravenous heparin 5,000 IUs were administered obtaining an ACT greater than 300 s. We planned to implant an Amplatzer‐Amulet 25 mm LAA occluder through the dedicated 12F delivery sheath. After starting the tug test, TEE suddenly showed a floating thrombus whose proximal part was connected to the delivery cable. Because transesophageal echocardiography showed a good position of the device, we decided to release it and to quickly retrieve as a unit into the right atrium both the delivery cable with attached thrombus and the delivery sheath. We discuss about periprocedural anticoagulation dosing and monitoring and the importance to have specific studies in the setting of LAAOP.
Transvenous interventional implantation of CRT‐D in a critically ill Mustard patient waiting for heart transplant
Authors: Mörtsell David , Thilén Ulf , Tydén Patrik , Kongstad Ole 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCardiac resynchronization therapy may stabilize patients with severe heart failure awaiting heart transplant. Transvenous interventional implantation aided by intracardiac echocardiography is feasible in patients with adult congenital heart disease.
Complementary Approaches to Imaging Subcellular Lipid Architectures in Live Bacteria Using Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Ranieri Anna Maria , Caporale Chiara , Fiorini Valentina , Hubbard Alysia , Rigby Paul , Stagni Stefano , Watkin Elizabeth , Ogden Mark I. , Hackett Mark J. , Massi Massimiliano 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA family of three neutral iridium(III) tetrazolato complexes are investigated as bacterial imaging agents. The complexes offer a facile tuning of the emission colour from green (520 nm) to red (600 nm) in aqueous media, while keeping the excitation wavelength unchanged. The three complexes do not inhibit the bacterial growth of Bacillus Cereus, used as a model in this study, and exhibit extremely fast cellular uptake. After a minute incubation time, the nontoxic complexes show subcellular localisation in spherical structures identified as lipid vacuoles. Confocal Raman imaging has been exploited for the first time on live bacteria, to provide direct and label‐free mapping of the lipid‐enriched organelles within B. cereus, complementing the use of luminescent probes. Examination of the Raman spectra not only confirmed the presence of lipophilic inclusions in B. cereus but offered additional information about their chemical composition, suggesting that the lipid vacuoles may contain polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).