bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disturbance of approach‐avoidance behaviors in non‐human primates by stimulation of the limbic territories of basal ganglia and anterior insula
Authors: Saga Yosuke , Ruff Christian C. , Tremblay Léon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe basal ganglia (BG) are involved in motivation and goal‐directed behavior. Recent studies suggest that limbic territories of BG not only support reward seeking (appetitive approach) but also the encoding of aversive conditioned stimuli (CS) and the production of aversive‐related behaviors (avoidance or escape). This study aimed to identify inside two BG nuclei, the striatum and pallidum, the territories involved in aversive behaviors and to compare the effects of stimulating these territories to those resulting from stimulation of the anterior Insula (aIns), a region that is well‐known to be involved in aversive encoding and associated behaviors. Two monkeys performed an approach/avoidance task in which they had to choose a behavior (approach or avoidance) in an appetitive (reward) or aversive (air‐puff) context. During this task, either one (single‐cue) or two (dual‐cue) CS provided essential information about which context‐adapted behavior should be selected. Microstimulation was applied during the CS presentation. Stimulation generally reduced approaches in the appetitive contexts and increased escape behaviors (premature responses) and/or passive avoidance (noninitiated action) in aversive context. These effects were more pronounced in ventral parts of all examined structures, with significant differences observed between stimulated structures. Thresholds to induce effects were lowest in the pallidum. Striatal stimulation led to the largest diversity of effects, with a subregion even leading to enhanced active avoidance. Finally, aIns stimulations produced stronger effects in the dual‐cue context. These results provide causal evidence that limbic territories of BG, like aIns, play crucial roles in the selection of context‐motivated behaviors.
Assessing connectivity patterns among management units of the Newfoundland and Labrador shrimp population
Authors: Le Corre Nicolas , Pepin Pierre , Han Guoqi , Ma Zhimin , Snelgrove Paul V. R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Eastern Canadian northern shrimp population, representing one of the most important fisheries in the region, decreased dramatically since the mid‐2000s to a historical low in 2017, but changes were not spatially uniform. Applying a biophysical model within Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) management areas, we investigated connectivity processes during the long pelagic larval phase (2–3 months) of Pandalus borealis and key drivers of larval dispersal in different environmental conditions. We selected 3 years representative of contrasting North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phases to assess potential larval dispersal patterns of the northern shrimp population in NL, and hierarchically assessed the impact of the timing of release (yearly and daily), release location, and vertical migration behaviour on shrimp larval dispersal. Overall, we found that populations located on the northern Newfoundland and Labrador shelf supplied potential settlers to southern populations because of the dominant Labrador Current. Ocean circulation and current velocities during the NAO positive year differed from other years, generating contrasting settlement spatial patterns. Larval release location and vertical migration behaviour were the two most important influences on the strength of larval supply and settlement patterns. Inclusion of diel and ontogenic swimming behaviour increased settlement success of larvae released from inshore areas, regardless of study years. Our study improves understanding of northern shrimp stock‐recruitment relationships, their sensitivity to changing environmental conditions, and spatially non‐homogeneous population decline for bentho‐pelagic species with a long larval phase, which could potentially help improve management strategies.
Clinicopathological effect of PLAG1 fusion genes in pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with special emphasis on histological features
Authors: Asahina Miki , Saito Tsuyoshi , Hayashi Takuo , Fukumura Yuki , Mitani Keiko , Yao Takashi 
Published: October 2018

AimsPleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) rearrangement is well known in pleomorphic adenoma (PA), which is histologically characterised by admixed epithelial and mesenchymal components. Multiple fusion variants of PLAG1 and HMGA2 have been reported; currently, however, little is known regarding the clinicopathological impacts of these fusion typesMethods and resultsWe examined the PLAG1‐ and HMGA2‐related fusion status in 105 PAs and 11 cases of carcinoma ex PAs (CXPA) arising from salivary glands and lacrimal glands to elucidate their correlation to the clinicopathological factors. Forty cases harboured PLAG1 fusion genes: CTNNB1–PLAG1 in 22 cases, CHCHD7–PLAG1 in 14 cases and LIFR–PLAG1 in four cases. Only two cases possessed HMGA2 fusion genes. The mean age of LIFR–PLAG1‐positive cases was significantly higher than that of CTNNB1–PLAG1‐ and CHCHD7–PLAG1‐positive cases (P = 0.0358). PAs located in the submandibular gland demonstrated CTNNB1–PLAG1 fusion at a significantly higher rate than other fusions (P = 0.0109). Histologically, PLAG1 fusion‐positive cases exhibited chondroid formation and plasmacytoid features more commonly (P = 0.043, P = 0.015, respectively) and myxoid abundant feature less frequently (P = 0.031) than PLAG1 fusion‐negative cases. For CXPAs, four CTNNB1–PLAG1 fusions were detected in two salivary duct carcinomas and two myoepithelial carcinomas. Ductal formation was observed frequently (90.9%) in residual PA.ConclusionsThe presence of PLAG1 fusion was associated with specific histological features in PA. Detecting the PLAG1 fusion gene and searching residual ductal formation in salivary gland malignant tumours with extensive hyalinisation could be useful for diagnosis.
From Procedural Justice to Procedural Injustice: Understanding Prison Staff and Inmate Conflict
Authors: TRAMMELL REBECCA , COOK ANTHONY ROGER , MARQUEZ MARIA VICTORIA DELEON , HINKLE PAUL , PROTZE LUCY MARIE , RODRIGUEZ NATHALY 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on the idea of procedural justice in prison. Prison employees in our case study explain that using respectful language improves their interactions with the inmates. However, some interviewees describe harsh language and threats used against the inmates. We identify this as procedural injustice where they force the inmates to comply by threatening them with harsh punishment. The choice to use respectful behaviour is dependent on whether or not inmates question their authority. Training needs to focus on helping prison workers present themselves as legitimate authority figures rather than authoritarians.
‘Fits and fancies’: the Taylor Review, the construction of preference and labour market segmentation
Authors: Moore Sian , Tailby Stephanie , Antunes Bethania , Newsome Kirsty 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Taylor Review asserts that ‘certain groups are also more likely to place a greater importance on flexibility such as carers, women, those with disabilities and older workers’. This article draws upon the experiences of workers on non‐standard contracts to explore the notion of worker preference and to expose how the discourse of work–life balance is usurped to provide justification for flexibility in the interest of employers rather than workers, reconstructing labour market segregation.
Enhancements of dielectric and energy storage performances in lead‐free films with sandwich architecture
Authors: Pan Hao , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Meng , Lan Shun , Meng Fanqi , Ma Jing , Gu Lin , Shen Yang , Yu Pu , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHigh‐performance film dielectrics are crucial for capacitive energy storage applications and electronic industries. In this work, improvements of dielectric and energy performance in BiFeO3‐based films are realized by constructing sandwich architectures, which integrates complementary features of spatially organized dielectric layers in a synergistic manner to realize concurrently high permittivity/polarization and low loss/leakage. Moreover, by rationally modifying the sandwich configuration, ie, with insulating layers on the outside, the interfacial Schottky emission is suppressed, leading to further reductions of leakage and conduction loss. Large energy density of ~44 J cm−3 (superior to that of either single layer) along with high efficiency of ~76% is thus achieved in the sandwich film. This work proves the feasibility and effectiveness of sandwich architecture in improving dielectric, leakage, and energy storage performances, providing a new paradigm for the development of high‐energy‐density dielectrics.
Planetary ball‐milling of AlON powder for highly transparent ceramics
Authors: Feng Zhao , Qi Jianqi , Huang Xu , Guo Xiaofeng , Yu Yin , Cao Xiuxia , Wang Yuezhong , Wu Di , Meng Chuanmin , Lu Tiecheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA detailed investigation of planetary ball‐milling for coarsened AlON powder was carried out. Our results showed that the weight ratios of milling ball‐to‐powder, the revolution rate and the planetary ball‐milling time have significant impacts on the microscopic morphology, particle size distribution and average particle size of powder. The process and mechanism were analyzed, and the outcome of our study can be used to optimize the complicated planetary ball‐milling method by controlling the planetary ball‐milling time or adjusting the revolution rate at the final stage of planetary ball‐milling. Sequentially, using fine and uniform AlON powder by optimized planetary ball‐milling with an average particle size below 300 nm and excellent sintering properties, highly transparent AlON ceramic with an in‐line transmittance of 84% at 2000 nm was successfully prepared through pressureless sintering at 1880°C for 6 hours using the elaborative treated powder synthesized from carbothermal nitridation method.
Nurses as role models in health promotion: Piloting the acceptability of a social marketing campaign
Authors: Wills Jane , Kelly Muireann , Frings Daniel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo pilot the acceptability to practising nurses of the concept of being healthy role models as regards obesity and weight.BackgroundNursing standards expect nurses to act as role models of professionalism, including maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Many healthcare employers wish to instigate values and social norms about professional behaviour in staff.MethodsA mixed methods study comprising two stages. In Stage One, an online survey was used to develop an intervention, which was then evaluated by a rapid intercept survey with open‐ended questions. Insights from 71 obese nurses, recruited at a 2016 nursing conference, were used to develop a social marketing campaign encouraging a social norm around professional behaviour as regards healthy lifestyles and obesity, with the message that “first impressions count” in staff‐patient encounters. The campaign was tested with 79 nurses at three English hospitals.ResultsIn Stage One, 58% agreed that nurses should be role models and 48% that being obese made the public less likely to trust their public health messages. In Stage Two, the campaign concept of “first impressions count” was widely understood and accepted, but nurses found the introduction of a professional expectation around personal behaviours unacceptable.ConclusionNurses accept an expectation that they are healthy role models but refute its value when confronted with real‐life scenarios. Other aspects of identity were privileged to avoid engaging with the healthy role model message. Personal health behaviour was seen as part of a private domain and not part of their public presentation in professional life.
Chronotype, nursing activity, and gender: A systematic review
Authors: López‐Soto Pablo J. , Fabbian Fabio , Cappadona Rosaria , Zucchi Beatrice , Manfredini Fabio , García‐Arcos Aurora , Carmona‐Torres Juan Manuel , Manfredini Roberto , Rodríguez‐Borrego María Aurora 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo synthesize evidence about the effect of individual circadian preference (chronotype) and gender in the development of sleep and mood problems in nursing professionals.BackgroundShift workers are more prone to having unhealthy habits and unfavourable clinical conditions than nonshift workers. These associations are mediated by chronotype and gender differences have also been detected.DesignA quantitative systematic review.Data sourcesElectronic searches were performed in MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 1 July 2012 ‐ 1 July 2017.Review methodsA systematic review was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and two quality assessment tools: the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and GRADE. Inclusion criteria were quantitative studies where the sample consists entirely of nurses, analysing circadian rhythms or individual chronotype or gender and sleep/mood disturbances in nursing activity. The review was reported using the PRISMA statement.ResultsA total of 23 studies were included in the review (five cohort studies and 18 cross‐sectional studies). Data on gender‐specific attention were scarce (two studies) and showed a higher incidence of sleep problems. Female nurses with eveningness‐oriented personality seem to be more prone to having sleep disorders, insomnia, fatigue, and anxiety than male and morningness ones.ConclusionsEvidence seems to show that female nurses with an evening‐oriented preference suffer more problems of insomnia, sleepiness, fatigue, and anxiety. The impact of our results may affect nurses, patient safety and the quality of clinical practice.
Long‐term stability of intrabony defects treated with minimally invasive non‐surgical therapy
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Yeh Yi‐Chun , Pometti Daniela , Tu Yu‐Kang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assess the stability over time of periodontal intrabony defects treated with minimally invasive non‐surgical therapy (MINST) and supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).MethodsClinical and radiographic analysis was carried out in 21 intrabony defects treated with MINST in 14 consecutive patients included in a prospective study and reassessed after 5 years of SPT. Baseline, 1‐ and 5‐year radiographs were analysed, and bone levels were compared by multilevel linear regression adjusted by latent variable method.ResultsNone of the 21 teeth with intrabony defects was lost at 5 years. Average probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and radiographic intrabony vertical defect depth reductions were 3.6, 3.5 and 2.6 mm, respectively, 5 years after treatment (p < 0.001 compared with baseline). Further non‐statistically significant reductions were seen in clinical and radiographic measures between 1 and 5 years. Deeper initial defects and narrower angles were predictive of a bigger reduction in defect depth (p < 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively).ConclusionsClinical and radiographic improvements in intrabony defects after MINST seen at 1 year are stable up to 5 years, bringing evidence to support its long‐term efficacy for the treatment of intrabony defects in non‐smokers.
Accuracy of flash glucose monitoring in insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sato Tatsuya , Oshima Hiroto , Nakata Kei , Kimura Yukishige , Yano Toshiyuki , Furuhashi Masato , Tanno Masaya , Miki Takayuki , Miura Tetsuji 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe present study evaluated the accuracy of interstitial glucose measurements by flash glucose monitoring (FGM) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Five diabetes patients simultaneously underwent FGM (FreeStyle Libre Pro) and CGM (iPro™2), and their glucose levels were compared with venous blood and capillary blood glucose levels. The range of daily venous blood glucose levels (30 measurements) was 70–245 mg/dL, with a median of 138 mg/dL. There were good correlations of glucose levels measured by FGM (r2 = 0.90, mean absolute relative difference 8.2 ± 5.6%), CGM (r2 = 0.86, mean absolute relative difference 9.2 ± 9.1%) and capillary blood (r2 = 0.87, mean absolute relative difference 7.2 ± 7.2%) with venous blood glucose levels. The accuracy of FGM measurements was also shown against CGM, with 99.9% of the FGM values (1,279 measurements) being within the Parkes error grid zones A and B. The results suggest that the accuracy of FGM is similar to that of CGM, and that FGM is a useful tool for determining daily glucose profile.
Inhibitory effects of high pressure processing on Photobacterium phosphoreum and Morganella psychrotolerans in vacuum packed herring (Clupea harengus)
Authors: Ucak Ilknur , Gokoglu Nalan , Toepfl Stefan , Galanakis Charis M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHerring fillets were inoculated with Photobacterium phosphoreum and Morganella psychrotolerans, vacuum packed and subjected to high‐pressure processing (HPP) treatment (100, 200, 300, and 500 MPa for 5 min) or left untreated as controls. The samples were stored at 4 ± 1 °C up to 21 days, and subjected to microbial quality evaluation. The results revealed that 500 MPa pressure treatment significantly (p < .05) delayed the growth of P. phosphoreum and M. psychrotolerans until 12th and 7th days of the storage, respectively, as compared to the controls. Total psychrophilic bacterial growth was not observed until 19th day of the storage in 500 MPa pressure treated herring fillets inoculated with both P. phosphoreum and M. psychrotolerans. In the samples inoculated with P. phosphoreum and treated with 500 MPa pressure, H2S‐producing bacteria were not observed during 14 days for M. psychrotolerans, while for entire storage period for P. phosphoreum.Practical applicationsHigh‐pressure processing (HPP) is a nonthermal preservation technique that depends on the magnitude of the pressure, processing time/temperature, and product characteristics that allows microbial inactivation at low temperatures with mild changes in texture, color, and flavor of the product as compared to the conventional technologies. Targeted inhibition of specific spoilage bacteria rather than more drastic means inhibiting the total microflora may therefore be a useful approach to achieving lower rates of spoilage and may thereby extend shelf life. In this study, HPP treatment up to 200 MPa did not significantly (p > .05) affect the microbial growth of vacuum‐packed herring fillets, but further higher pressure levels (300–500 MPa) were effective to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Overall, the findings of this study suggested that HPP application of 300 MPa and above could help to industry for commercial production of microbiologically free fish and fish products.
Senior PharmAssist: Less Hospital Use with Enrollment in an Innovative Community‐Based Program
Authors: Herity Leah B. , Upchurch Gina , Schenck Anna P. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate changes in acute health services use of Senior PharmAssist participants.DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingCommunity‐based, nonprofit program in Durham County, North Carolina.ParticipantsAdults aged 60 and older with income of 200% of the federal poverty level or less who enrolled in the Senior PharmAssist program (N = 191) between August 1, 2011, and March 15, 2017.InterventionMedication therapy management (MTM), customized community referrals, Medicare insurance counseling, and medication copayment assistance provided by Senior PharmAssist.MeasurementsPrimary outcomes were self‐reported emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions in the previous year, assessed at baseline and every 6 months for up to 2 years.ResultsMean number of ED visits declined over time (0.83 visits per year at baseline to 0.53 visits per year at 24 months, P = .002), as did the percentage of participants reporting an ED visit in the past year (49% at baseline to 31% at 24 months, P = .003). Mean hospital admissions also decreased (0.56 admissions per year at baseline to 0.4 admissions per year at 24 months, P = .02). There was no significant change in percentage of participants reporting a hospital admission in the past year (33% at baseline to 25% at 24 months, P = .23).ConclusionOlder adults who enrolled in a community‐based program that helps them manage medications, connect with community resources, and overcome barriers to medication access experienced reductions in acute health services use. J Am Geriatr Soc 66:2394–2400, 2018.
Babesia conradaeinfection in coyote hunting dogs infected with multiple blood‐borne pathogens
Authors: Dear Jonathan D. , Owens Sean D. , Lindsay LeAnn L. , Biondo Alex W. , Chomel Bruno B. , Marcondes Mary , Sykes Jane E. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundBabesia conradaeis an intraerythrocytic piroplasm infecting dogs in the southern United States. Ticks have been suspected, but unproven, as vectors. We identifiedB. conradaeand other blood‐borne pathogens in 2 kennels of sighthounds with a history of coyote fighting.ObjectivesTo examine clinicopathologic abnormalities associated withB. conradaeinfection, risk factors for infection, and the prevalence of coinfections with other blood‐borne pathogens.AnimalsFifty‐five Greyhounds and Greyhound mixesMethodsBlood samples were collected from each dog for CBC, serum biochemistry panel, conventional and real‐time PCR assays (Babesiaspp., hemoplasmas,Ehrlichia canis,Bartonellaspp.,Anaplasmaspp., andRickettsiaspp.), vector‐borne pathogen ELISA, and immunofluorescent serology and culture forBartonellaspp andFrancisella tularensissero‐agglutination test. Associations betweenB. conradaeinfection and coyote fighting, age and laboratory abnormalities were investigated.ResultsTwenty‐nine dogs were PCR‐positive forB. conradae. Of these, 16 were PCR‐positive for other vector‐borne organisms includingMycoplasma haemocanis, “CandidatusMycoplasma haematoparvum,”E. canis,and aHepatozoon felis‐like organism. Twelve of the 20 dogs tested for seroreactivity toBartonellaspp. antigens were positive, but none were seropositive for tularemia. Infection withB. conradaewas associated with a history of aggressive interactions with coyotes; lower hematocrit, leukocyte count, MCHC, platelet count and serum albumin concentration; and higher MCV, MPV, and serum globulin concentration.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBabesia conradaeinfection should be considered in dogs with anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. As withB. gibsoni, aggressive interactions with other canids may play a role inB. conradaetransmission.