bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Impact of College Socioeconomic Status on Lipid Parameters: A Study in Targeted Pediatric Lipid Screening
Authors: Hudson Stephen E , Feigenbaum Matthew S. , Patil Nirav , Ding Elan , Ewing Alex , Trilk Jennifer 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and Objectives The Southern region of the United States is home to substantial populations with obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, while also housing a large percentage of America’s minority, rural, and low socioeconomic status (SES) peoples. Modification of adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be improved by investigating associations(s) between youth demographic variables and lipid values. Our objective was to investigate lipid parameter associations with college-age socioeconomic status, which may improve age-specific screening algorithms for management or prevention of adult-onset CVD. Methods Using an Analysis of Variance test and a general linear model, associations between gender, race/ethnicity, SES, and athletic participation on lipid parameters (VLDL-C, LDL-C, TG, TC, and HDL-C) were analyzed in 4423 private liberal arts college students enrolled in freshman-level wellness courses at Furman University in Greenville, SC. Comparative data were collected from an age-matched sample (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: NHANES 2003-2016). Our main outcomes were statistically significant relationships between any lipid values (TC, HDL, LDL, TG) and any demographic variables (gender, SES, ethnicity, athlete status). Results Males demonstrated lower TC and LDL-C, and higher HDL-C values. HDL-C was highest in athletes. African-American students demonstrated healthier VLDL-C, TG, and HDL-C values. With similar distributions, the age-matched NHANES comparison group showed unhealthier values in nearly all categories. Conclusions College students may have better lipid health than the general population. African-Americans may have seemingly healthier lipid values than age-matched individuals independent of athletic or college enrollment which has already been demonstrated in other studies. Future research should include SES relationships in lipid screening paradigms along with other appropriate risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Based on our comparative data, pediatric health providers and researchers may consider education as a potential protective factor against poor lipid health when considering lipid screening protocols for students.
Objectively measured the impact of air pollution on physical activity and sedentary behavior in freshmen student in Beijing, China
Authors: Yu Hongjun , Wu Yin , Gordon Shelby Paige , Cheng Jiali , Chen Panpan , Wang Yangyang , Yu Miao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Air pollution has become a major environmental health risk factor, notably in China. Air pollution potentially has the impact of human populations’ health behavior. Gaps in scientific literature remain regarding more accurately estimates the relationship between air pollution and sedentary behavior in China. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of hourly air pollution on hourly physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among college students living in Beijing, China. The secondary aim was to examine such associations varied at specific time.
Methods : Participants were recruited included 340 freshmen students from Tsinghua University. Accelerometers provided PA measures, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), walking steps, energy expenditure, and sedentary time for 7 consecutive days. Corresponding air pollution data collected by Beijing Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau in the closed site in Tsinghua University were measured to include average hourly air quality index (AQI) and PM 2.5 (µg/m³). Associations were estimated using linear individual fixed-effect regressions.
Results: A one level increase in hourly air quality index (AQI) was associated with an reduction in one-hour physical activity by 0.083 (95% confidence interval [CI] =-0.137, -0.029) minutes of MVPA, 8.822 (95% CI = -15.028, -2.617) walking steps, 0.653 (95% CI =-1.033, -0.273) kcals of energy expenditure. A 10µg/m³ increase in air pollution concentration in hourly PM 2.5 was associated with a reduction in one-hour physical activity by 0.021 (95% confidence interval [CI] =-0.033, -0.010) minutes of MVPA, 2.232 (95% CI = -3.548, -0.916) walking steps, 0.170 (95% CI =-0.250, -0.089) kcals of energy expenditure and an increase in one-hour sedentary behavior 0.045 (0.005, 0.0845). At specific time, stronger negative associations of AQI and PM 2.5 air pollution with PA at 8 am, 4 pm, 5 pm and 7 pm. Similarly, stronger positive associations of one hour AQI and PM 2.5 air pollution with SB at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, and 7 pm.
Conclusions: Air pollution decrease physical activity and increases sedentary behavior among freshman students living in Beijing, China. The impact of air pollution on physical activity and sedentary behavior at a specific time was different.
Prevalence of preterm premature rupture of membrane and its associated factors among pregnant women admitted in Debre tabor general hospital, North West Ethiopia: A facility based cross-sectional study
Authors: Addisu Dagne sewyew , Melkie Abenezer , Biru shimels 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Premature rupture of membrane is a significant cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality both in high and low income countries which accounts 5-10 % of all deliveries. Due to different factors associated with the quality of health care given and socio-economic factors, the effect of preterm premature rupture of membrane is worsen in low-income countries. However, very little evidence is known about the problem in Ethiopian particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of preterm premature rupture of membrane and its associated factors among pregnant women admitted in Debre tabor general hospital.
METHODS: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre tabor general Hospital from December 14 – June 20, 2019. A total of 424 mothers were included in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used selected the study participants. A combination of chart review and interview were used to collect the data. Data entry and analysis were made by using Epi-data version 4.2 and SPSS versions 23 respectively. Both descriptive & analytical statistics were computed. Statistical significance was considered at P<0.05 and the strength of association were assessed by using adjusted odds ratio.
Result: The prevalence preterm premature rupture of membrane was found to be 13.7%. Pregnant women with abnormal vaginal discharge [AOR=5.30, 95%C1=2.07-13.52], urinary tract infection [AOR =2.62, 95%Cl =1.32-5.19], history of premature rupture of membrane [AOR =3.31, 95%Cl =1.32-8.27], vaginal bleeding [AOR =2.58, 95%Cl =1.14-5.82] and mid upper arm circumstance <23cm [AOR =6.26, 95%Cl =3.21-12.20] were found to be associated with preterm premature rupture of membrane.
Conclusions: The prevalence of preterm premature rupture of membrane was high. Abnormal vaginal discharge, urinary tract infection, vaginal bleeding, previous premature rupture of membrane and mid upper arm circumstance <23cm were factors associated with an increased risk for preterm premature rupture of membrane. Thus, early screening, diagnosis and quickly treatments of urinary tract infection and abnormal vaginal discharges during pregnancy were recommended to reduce the risk of preterm premature rupture of membrane.
Keywords: premature rupture of membrane, prevalence, Debre tabor general hospital, risk factors
Multi-Drug Resistant, Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Bacterial Isolates among Septicemia Suspected under Five Children in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Mitiku Mequanint , Ayenew Zeleke , Desta Kassu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Bloodstream infections due to bacterial pathogens are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric patients. Emergence of drug resistance in high classes of antibiotics among the bacterial pathogens is another issue of the public health concern. Therefore this study aimed to determine Multi-drug resistant, extended spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase producing bacterial isolates among septicemia suspected under five Children in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to June 2018 among pediatric patients with febrile illness aged under five in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital. Three hundred forty blood samples were collected and processed following standard microbiological techniques and culture was performed using BacT/Alert machine in combination with conventional method. AST of the isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and MIC technique Result: A total of 137(40.2%) bacterial pathogens were isolated from 340 pediatric patients suspected of BSI with febrile illness. Of these isolates 54% were Gram negative bacteria. Of the isolates 43 (31.4%) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinitiobactor species were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were 95.6% MDR, 23.7% ESBL, and 27.1% CRE in children. Conclusion: In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae and S. aureus are common pathogens associated with BSI in pediatrics with high antimicrobial resistance. The prevalence of MDR 51.1%, CRE 30.5% and ESBL 25.4% were alarmingly high in bacterial isolates. ESBL producing organisms were common in Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli isolates. Since most of isolates exhibit multidrug resistant, invitro- susceptibility of antimicrobials is mandatory. Strengthen antimicrobial surveillance system and antimicrobial stewardship are necessary for better management of antibiotics in addition to infection prevention practice in TASH settings. Key words: Blood stream infection, BacT/Alert, multi-drug resistance, Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Carbapenem resistance entrobacteriaciae.
Small RNA-seq analysis of exosomes from porcine uterine luminal fluid during peri-implantation
Authors: Hua Renwu , Wang Yueying , Lian Weisi , Li Wenchao , Xi Yu , Xue Songyi , Kang Tingting , Lei Minggang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

The exosomes of uterine luminal fluid (ULF) mediate intrauterine communication between conceptus and uterus in pigs. The small RNAs of ULF exosomes are widely recognized as important factors that influence embryonic implantation in humans, mice, cattle and sheep. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that small RNAs of ULF exosomes are essential for implantation in pigs.

Results

Cup-shaped exosomes (diameters: 40–160 nm) of porcine ULF were isolated and characterized, and then PKH67 stained exosomes were taken up by endometrial epithelial cells and porcine trophectoderm cells. The expression of small RNAs in these exosomes on days 10 (D10), 13 (D13) and 18 (D18) of pregnancy was comprehensively profiled through sequencing. From nine libraries, a total of 152 known microRNAs (miRNAs), 43 novel miRNAs and 145 novel Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) were identified. Among these small RNAs, ssc-miR-21-5p, ssc-let-7a, ssc-let-7i-5p and ssc-let-7g were differentially and highly expressed during the three stages. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis suggested that the expression profiles of small RNAs in D13 group were different from those in D10 and D18 groups. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the miRNAs differentially expressed in the comparisons between D10 and D13, D13 and D18, and D10 and D18 groups were involved in important molecular functions and pathways such as “G-protein coupled receptor activity” and “Insulin signaling pathway”.

Conclusions

Our results reveal that porcine ULF exosomes contain various small RNAs with potentially vital effects on implantation. This research also provides resources for studies of miRNAs and piRNAs in the cross-talk between embryo and endometrium.
The efficacy of iCBT added to treatment as usual for alcohol dependent patients in Primary Care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Hyland Karin , Hammarberg Anders , Hedman-Lagerlöf Erik , Johansson Magnus , Andreasson Sven 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Introduction
Alcohol dependence is a common disorder with a continuum regarding severity. Most alcohol dependent persons have a moderate level of dependence and live under socially orderly conditions. Treatment seeking in this group is low, mainly due to stigma and because treatment options are seen as unappealing. Alcohol is a relevant topic to discuss in many primary care (PC) consultations and PC is less stigmatizing to visit compared to addiction care units for people with alcohol problems. General practitioners (GP) hesitate to engage in treating alcohol problems due to time constraints and lack of knowledge. Screening and brief interventions are effective for high consumers but there are few studies on dependence.
Methods
This is a two-group, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT). The aim is to study whether an Internet based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (iCBT) when added to treatment as usual (TAU) is more effective than TAU only for alcohol dependence in PC. 260 adults with alcohol dependence will be included. Participants are randomized to iCBT and TAU or TAU only. The primary study outcome is alcohol consumption in grams per week and heavy drinking days. Secondary outcomes include alcohol related problem severity, number of diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence, depression and anxiety symptoms, health related quality of life and biochemical markers for high consumption and liver pathology. Data will be analysed using mixed-effect models.
Discussion
Internet based interventions are attractive to and have been shown to reach people with alcohol problems. Yet there are no studies investigating the efficacy of internet treatment of alcohol dependence in PC. In this study we hypothesize that iCBT when added to TAU will improve treatment outcome for alcohol dependence in PC, compared to TAU only. If effective, iCBT can be distributed to the public to a low cost for a stakeholder and has the opportunity to reduce both short term and long-term public health costs.
Trial registration: ISRCTN69957414. Retrospectively registered 07/06/2018. http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN69957414
Kinetic characterization of inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and sirtuins
Authors: Moreno-Yruela Carlos , Madsen Andreas Stahl , Olsen Christian A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are employed for the treatment of lymphoma and are under development against multiple other types of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we describe a robust and uncomplicated in vitro assay for HDAC inhibitor kinetic profiling. Enzyme and fluorogenic peptide substrate are incubated together with a small amount of protease “assay developer”, which enables continuous recording of substrate conversion under steady-state conditions. Assay progression curves upon addition of an inhibitors at varying concentrations permit determination of kinetic constants and overall inhibitor potency. This assay helped provide new insight into the kinetic properties of known HDAC inhibitors as well as the kinetic characterization of both inhibitors and substrates of sirtuin enzymes, which are class III HDACs involved in metabolic control and oncogene regulation.
Genetic Diversity and Epidemiology of Genogroup II Noroviruses in Children with Acute Sporadic Gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2012-2017
Authors: Lu Lijuan , Zhong Huaqing , Xu Menghua , Su Liyun , Cao Lingfeng , Jia Ran , Xu Jin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Noroviruses (NoVs) are considered an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups, especially in children under five years of age. We investigated the epidemiology of noroviruses in outpatient children from the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai, China. Methods Stool specimens were collected between January 2012 and December 2017 from 1433 children under ﬁve years of age with acute gastroenteritis. All samples were analysed by conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for genogroup II NoVs amplifying both the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and partial capsid genes. The Norovirus Genotyping Tool v.2.0 (https://www.rivm.nl/mpf/typingtool/norovirus/) was used for genotyping the strains, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted by MEGA 6.0. Results From 2012 to 2017, GII NoVs were detected in 15.4% (220/1433) of the samples, with the highest detection rate in children aged 7-12 months (19.2%, 143/746). The seasons with the highest prevalence of GII NoVs infection were autumn and winter . Based on genetic analysis of RdRp, GII.Pe (74.5%%, 137/184) was the most predominant RdRp genotype from 2013 to 2017, while GII.P4 played a dominant role in 2012 (55.6%, 21/36). Among the capsid genotypes, the most prevalent NoV genotype from 2012 to 2017 was GII.4 (73.6%, 162/220). On the basis of genetic analysis of RdRp and capsid sequences, the strains were clustered into 19 RdRp/capsid genotypes, and 12 of them were discordant, such as GII.Pe/GII.4-Sydney_2012, GII.P12/GII.3, GII.P7/GII.6, GII.Pe/GII.3, and GII.P16/GII.2. Starting with 2013, GII.Pe/GII.4-Sydney_2012 had completely replaced the pandemic GII.P4-2006b/GII.4-2006b subtype and was detected in children across all age groups. Conclusions The present study shows high detection rates and the genetic diversity of circulating NoV GII genotypes in paediatric AGE samples from Shanghai. The findings emphasize the importance of continuous molecular surveillance of emerging NoV strains. Keywords: Norovirus, RdRp/capsid genotypes, Epidemiology, Children, Acute gastroenteritis
Osteosarcoma periosteal en perro - Informe de caso
Authors: Noronha T Gabriela , Hough Monteiro Julio Edward , Casarin Costa Rodrigo , Oliveira Vasconcelos Rosemeri , Tinucci Costa Mirela 
Published: August 2019

El osteosarcoma es el tumor óseo más común en los perros. Osteosarcoma periosteal es un subtipo de osteosarcoma y se considera raro en la especie canina. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir un caso de una perra mestiza de 14 años de edad con una masa ulcerada y localizada en la tibia derecha y 30 días de evolución. Él paciente se sometió a exámenes adicionales (análisis de sangre, dosis de enzimas bioquímicas - creatinina y alanina aminotransferasa, radiografías torácicas y ultrasonografía abdominal) para la estadificacion completa de la enfermedad. La radiografía de la tibia derecha reveló reacción perióstica proliferativa y lítica. Él examen citológico de la masa sugirió un tumor de celulas redondas. La evaluación clínica y hallazgos radiológicos sugieren la presencia de una neoplasia ósea. La amputación de la extremidad pélvica derecha fue el tratamiento quirúrgico inicial sugerido al cliente. Él examen histopatológico reveló la presencia de osteosarcoma periosteal con márgenes libres y ganglios linfáticos sin evidencia de células tumorales. El seguimiento clínico se realizó a través de exámenes de imágenes sin evidencia de enfermedad metastásica. El perra tenía un tiempo de sobrevida de nueve meses desde el diagnóstico.
Adherence Reporting in Randomized Controlled Trials Examining Manualized Multisession Online Interventions: Systematic Review of Practices and Proposal for Reporting Standards
Authors: Beintner Ina , Vollert Bianka , Zarski Anna-Carlotta , Bolinski Felix , Musiat Peter , Görlich Dennis , Ebert David Daniel , Jacobi Corinna 
Published: August 2019

Background
Adherence reflects the extent to which individuals experience or engage with the content of online interventions and poses a major challenge. Neglecting to examine and report adherence and its relation to outcomes can compromise the interpretation of research findings.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review is to analyze how adherence is accounted for in publications and to propose standards for measuring and reporting adherence to online interventions.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials on online interventions for the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders (depression, anxiety disorders, substance related disorders, and eating disorders) published between January 2006 and May 2018 and indexed in Medline and Web of Science. We included primary publications on manualized online treatments (more than 1 session and successive access to content) and examined how adherence was reported in these publications.

Results
We identified 216 publications that met our inclusion criteria. Adherence was addressed in 85% of full-text manuscripts, but only in 31% of abstracts. A median of three usage metrics were reported; the most frequently reported usage metric (61%) was intervention completion. Manuscripts published in specialized electronic health journals more frequently included information on the relation of adherence and outcomes.

Conclusions
We found substantial variety in the reporting of adherence and the usage metrics used to operationalize adherence. This limits the comparability of results and impedes the integration of findings from different studies. Based on our findings, we propose reporting standards for future publications on online interventions.
Nutritional Assessment of Childhood Cancer Survivors (the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study-Nutrition): Protocol for a Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Belle Fabiën Naomi , Beck Popovic Maja , Ansari Marc , Otth Maria , Kuehni Claudia Elisabeth , Bochud Murielle 
Published: August 2019

Background
Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk of developing adverse late health effects. Poor nutritional intake may contribute to this risk, but information about dietary intake is limited.

Objective
This study will assess childhood cancer survivors’ dietary intake and compare two dietary assessment tools: a self-reported food frequency questionnaire, and dietary measurements from urine spot samples.

Methods
In a substudy of the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (SCCSS), SCCSS-Nutrition, we assessed childhood cancer survivors’ dietary intake via a validated food frequency questionnaire. We sent a urine spot collection kit to a subset of 212 childhood cancer survivors from the French-speaking region of Switzerland to analyze urinary sodium, potassium, urea, urate, creatinine, and phosphate content. We will compare the food frequency questionnaire results with the urine spot analyses to quantify childhood cancer survivors’ intake of various nutrients. We collected data between March 2016 and March 2018.

Results
We contacted 1599 childhood cancer survivors, of whom 919 (57.47%) returned a food frequency questionnaire. We excluded 11 childhood cancer survivors who were pregnant or were breastfeeding, 35 with missing dietary data, and 71 who had unreliable food frequency questionnaire data, resulting in 802 childhood cancer survivors available for food frequency questionnaire analyses. To a subset of 212 childhood cancer survivors in French-speaking Switzerland we sent a urine spot collection kit, and 111 (52.4%) returned a urine sample. We expect to have the results from analyses of these samples in mid-2019.

Conclusions
The SCCSS-Nutrition study has collected in-depth dietary data that will allow us to assess dietary intake and quality and compare two dietary assessment tools. This study will contribute to the knowledge of nutrition among childhood cancer survivors and is a step toward surveillance guidelines and targeted nutritional recommendations for childhood cancer survivors in Switzerland.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03297034; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03297034

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/14427