bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved therapeutic potential of tapentadol employing cationic exchange resins as carriers in neuropathic pain: evidence from pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics study
Authors: Sharma Manu , Soni Ranju 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCurrent investigation was endeavoured to overcome problem of poor palatability and bioavailability of centrally acting analgesic, tapentadol (TAP) by formulating controlled release drug-resin complexes (DRCs). The technology encompassed in preparation of DRCs involved chemisorption of TAP to weak cationic resins (KyronT-134 and Tulsion335) by batch method. Various formulation variables like drug-resin ratio, pH, resin activation and swelling time were optimized to achieve maximum drug loading in DRCs. FT-IR, DSC, pXRD, in vitro release study under bio-relevant condition of mouth and in vivo sensory taste evaluation established formation of taste masked DRC whereas dissolution study assured prolonged drug release behaviour of optimized DRC. Among DRCs, TAP-KyronT-134 complex exhibited higher drug loading (80.89 ± 4.56%), stability and prolonged release profile (10 h) without any detectable amount of drug release under salivary conditions. Pharmacokinetic studies in wistar rats revealed increased Tmax (2.67-fold), MRT (1.94-fold), elimination half-life (2.79-fold) and relative oral bioavailability (2.62-fold) of TAP on oral administration of optimized formulation compared to TAP solution. Furthermore, pharmacodynamics study confessed higher potential of DRC in attenuating chronic injury induced tactile allodynia for prolonged duration. In conclusion, the method developed is easily scalable and holds potential for commercialization with an evidence of obtaining more efficacious neuropathic pain management therapy.
The Extracellular Domain of Pollen Receptor Kinase 3 is structurally similar to the SERK family of co-receptors
Authors: Chakraborty Sayan , Pan Haiyun , Tang Qingyu , Woolard Colin , Xu Guozhou 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDuring reproduction in flowering plants, the male gametophyte delivers an immotile male gamete to the female gametophyte in the pistil by formation of pollen tubes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two synergid cells situated on either side of the egg cell produce cysteine-rich chemoattractant peptide LURE that guides the pollen tube to the female gametophyte for sexual reproduction. Recently, in Arabidopsis thaliana, Pollen Receptor Kinase 3 (PRK3), along with PRK1, PRK6, and PRK8, have been predicted to be the receptors responsible for sensing LURE. These receptors belong to the Leucine Rich Repeat Receptor Like Kinases (LRR-RLKs), the largest family of receptor kinases found in Arabidopsis thaliana. How PRKs regulate the growth and development of the pollen tube remains elusive. In order to better understand the PRK-mediated signaling mechanism in pollen tube growth and guidance, we have determined the crystal structure of the extracellular domain (ecd) of PRK3 at 2.5 Å, which resembles the SERK family of plant co-receptors. The structure of ecdPRK3 is composed of a conserved surface that coincides with the conserved receptor-binding surface of the SERK family of co-receptors. Our structural analyses of PRK3 have provided a template for future functional studies of the PRK family of LRR-RLK receptors in the regulation of pollen tube development.
Future changes in coastal upwelling ecosystems with global warming: The case of the California Current System
Authors: Xiu Peng , Chai Fei , Curchitser Enrique N. , Castruccio Frederic S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCoastal upwelling ecosystems are among the most productive ecosystems in the world, meaning that their response to climate change is of critical importance. Our understanding of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems is largely limited to the open ocean, mainly because coastal upwelling is poorly reproduced by current earth system models. Here, a high-resolution model is used to examine the response of nutrients and plankton dynamics to future climate change in the California Current System (CCS). The results show increased upwelling intensity associated with stronger alongshore winds in the coastal region, and enhanced upper-ocean stratification in both the CCS and open ocean. Warming of the open ocean forces isotherms downwards, where they make contact with water masses with higher nutrient concentrations, thereby enhancing the nutrient flux to the deep source waters of the CCS. Increased winds and eddy activity further facilitate upward nutrient transport to the euphotic zone. However, the plankton community exhibits a complex and nonlinear response to increased nutrient input, as the food web dynamics tend to interact differently. This analysis highlights the difficulty in understanding how the marine ecosystem responds to a future warming climate, given to range of relevant processes operating at different scales.
Vaccination Against Lawsonia intracellularis Decreases Shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in Co-Infected Pigs and Alters the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Leite Fernando L. L. , Singer Randall S. , Ward Tonya , Gebhart Connie J. , Isaacson Richard E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium continues to be a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide and pork can serve as a source of infection. Co-infection ofS. entericawithLawsonia intracellularis, a common intestinal pathogen of swine, has been found as risk factor for increasedS. entericashedding. The objective of this study was to investigate if vaccination againstL. intracellulariscould lead to decreasedS. Typhimurium shedding. To test this hypothesis, pigs were challenged with eitherS. Typhimurium orS. Typhimurium andL. intracellularis, with and withoutL. intracellularisvaccination (n = 9 per group). A non-challenged group served as a negative control. Vaccination decreased the shedding ofS. Typhimurium in co-infected animals by 2.12 log10organisms per gram of feces at 7 days post infection. Analysis of the microbiome showed that vaccination led to changes in the abundance ofClostridiumspecies, includingClostridium butyricum, in addition to other compositional changes that may explain the protection mediated againstS. Typhimurium. These results indicate that vaccination againstL. intracellularisin co-infected herds may provide a new tool to increase food safety by helping to preventS. entericawithout the need for antibiotics.
Elevated CO2 delays the early development of scleractinian coral Acropora gemmifera
Authors: Yuan Xiangcheng , Yuan Tao , Huang Hui , Jiang Lei , Zhou Weihua , Liu Sheng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe effects of elevated CO2 on the early life stages of coral were investigated by culturing the pelagic larvae and new recruits of Acropora gemmifera at three concentrations of CO2 (corresponding to pH = 8.1, 7.8 and 7.5, respectively). Acidified seawater resulted in fewer A. gemmifera larvae settling, and led to the production of smaller new recruits by slowing the development of the skeleton. The delayed development of new recruits due to elevated CO2 was consistent with the downregulation of calcification related genes. Several genes related to HCO3− and Ca2+ transporters were downregulated by elevated CO2, with solute carriers (SLC) (membrane transport proteins) possibly playing an important role. The downregulation of these membrane transport proteins might suppress the transport of calcium, bicarbonate and organic matter, resulting in the delayed development of A. gemmifera.
RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis of adult zebrafish inner ear hair cells
Authors: Barta Cody L. , Liu Huizhan , Chen Lei , Giffen Kimberlee P. , Li Yi , Kramer Kenneth L. , Beisel Kirk W. , He David Z. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlthough hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory and vestibular systems in the ears of all vertebrates, hair cell properties are different between non-mammalian vertebrates and mammals. To understand the basic biological properties of hair cells from non-mammalian vertebrates, we examined the transcriptome of adult zebrafish auditory and vestibular hair cells. GFP-labeled hair cells were isolated from inner-ear sensory epithelia of a pou4f3 promoter-driven GAP-GFP line of transgenic zebrafish. One thousand hair cells and 1,000 non-sensory surrounding cells (nsSCs) were separately collected for each biological replicate, using the suction pipette technique. RNA sequencing of three biological replicates for the two cell types was performed and analyzed. Comparisons between hair cells and nsSCs allow identification of enriched genes in hair cells, which may underlie hair cell specialization. Our dataset provides an extensive resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying morphology, function, and pathology of adult zebrafish hair cells. It also establishes a framework for future characterization of genes expressed in hair cells and the study of hair cell evolution.
Magnetic field topology of the cool, active, short-period binary system σ2 Coronae Borealis
Authors: Rosén L. , Kochukhov O. , Alecian E. , Neiner C. , Morin J. , Wade G. A. ,   the BinaMIcS collaboration
Published: February 2018

Aims. The goal of this work is to study the cool, active binary star σ2 CrB, focussing on its magnetic field. The two F9–G0 components of this system are tidally locked and in a close orbit, increasing the chance of interaction between their magnetospheres.
Methods. We used Stokes IV data from the twin spectropolarimeters Narval at the TBL and ESPaDOnS at the CFHT. The least-squares deconvolution multi-line technique was used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. We then applied a new binary Zeeman–Doppler imaging code to reconstruct simultaneously the magnetic topology and brightness distribution of both components of σ2 CrB. This analysis was carried out for two observational epochs in 2014 and 2017.
Results. A previously unconfirmed magnetic field of the primary star has been securely detected. At the same time, the polarisation signatures of the secondary appear to have a systematically larger amplitude than that of the primary. This corresponds to a stronger magnetic field, for which the magnetic energy of the secondary exceeds that of the primary by a factor of 3.3–5.7. While the magnetic energy is similar for the secondary star in the two epochs, the magnetic energy is about twice as high in 2017 for the primary. The magnetic field topology of the two stars in the earlier epoch (2014) is very different. The fractions of energy in the dipole and quadrupole components of the secondary are similar and thereafter decrease with increasing harmonic angular degree ℓ. At the same time, for the primary the fraction of energy in the dipole component is low and the maximum energy contribution comes from ℓ = 4. However, in the 2017 epoch both stars have similar field topologies and a systematically decreasing energy with increasing ℓ. In the earlier epoch, the magnetic field at the visible pole appears to be of opposite polarity for the primary and secondary, suggesting linked magnetospheres. The apparent rotational periods of both σ2 CrB components are longer than the orbital period, which we interpret as an evidence of a solar-like differential rotation.
Conclusions. Despite their nearly identical fundamental parameters, the components of σ2 CrB system exhibit different magnetic field properties. This indicates that the magnetic dynamo process is a very sensitive function of stellar parameters.
Percutaneous Image-Guided Treatment of Benign Musculoskeletal Tumors in Children
Authors: Gill Anne , Hawkins C. , O'Dell Matthew 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPercutaneous ablation of benign musculoskeletal tumors in children has become an area of significant clinical growth over the last decade. With growing research interest, the technologies available and techniques used are becoming increasingly safe and effective. We review some of the more common ablation technologies and their utility in several common benign bone and soft tissue tumors that occur in children and young adults.
Ankle and Foot Injuries in the Young Athlete
Authors: Jaimes Camilo , Khwaja Asef , Chauvin Nancy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInjuries to the ankle and foot are common in the young athlete, especially with increasing participation and high levels of competitiveness in youth sports programs. Knowledge of the normal development of the foot and ankle is crucial to understand age-specific injury patterns because acute or chronic/repetitive stress to the developing skeleton results in injuries that differ from those seen in adults. Congenital abnormalities may also predispose children to increased risk of injury and pain. Radiologists must be aware of these distinctions to diagnose and classify injuries correctly for optimum treatment. We describe common and unique foot and ankle injuries in the young athlete. Throughout the article we focus not only on imaging findings but also on the mechanism of injury.
Chronisches Nierenversagen – Update 2018
Authors: Ketteler Markus , Wanner Christoph 
Published: February 2018

Was ist neu?
SGLT2-Hemmung bei diabetischer und nicht-diabetischer Nierenerkrankung Die CANVAS-Programm-Studie hat mit Canagliflozin die Nephroprotektion, welche mit Empagliflozin publiziert wurde (EMPA-REG-Outcome-Studie), bestätigt. Die Therapie mit Liraglutide in der LEADER Studie suggeriert Nephroprotektion über eine Reduktion der Albuminurie und geringerem eGFR-Abfall in Subgruppen/Stadien der diabetischen Nierenerkrankung.
KDIGO-CKD-MBD-Leitlinien-Update 2017 Im Juli 2017 erfolgte ein Update der KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) -2009-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Störungen des Mineral- und Knochenhaushalts bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen. Änderungen betrafen die Knochendichtemessung, die Therapie von Hyperphosphatämie und Hyperparathyreoidismus im Prädialysestadium und eine Warnung vor exzessiver Kalziumexposition.
Ein neues parenterales Kalzimimetikum Zwei Phase-III-Studien zum Einsatz eines neuen parenteralen Kalzimimetikums (Etelcalcitid) wurden publiziert.
Picosecond laser micro/nano surface texturing of nickel for superhydrophobicity
Authors: Wang X C , Wang B , Xie H , Zheng H Y , Lam Y C 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A single step direct picosecond laser texturing process was demonstrated to be able to obtain a superhydrophobic surface on a nickel substrate, a key material for mold fabrication in the manufacture of various devices, including polymeric microfluidic devices. A two-scale hierarchical surface structure of regular 2D array micro-bumps with nano-ripples was produced on a nickel surface. The laser textured surface initially showed superhydrophilicity with almost complete wetting of the structured surface just after laser treatment, then quickly changed to nearly superhydrophobic with a water contact angle (WCA) of 140° in less than 1 d, and finally became superhydrophobic with a WCA of more than 150° and a contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of less than 5°. The mechanism involved in the process is discussed in terms of surface morphology and surface chemistry. The ultra-fast laser induced NiO catalytic effect was thought to play a key role in modifying the surface chemistry so as to lower the surface energy. The developed process has the potential to improve the performance of nickel mold in the fabrication of microfluidic devices.
Kpax3: Bayesian bi-clustering of large sequence datasets
Authors: Pessia Alberto , Corander Jukka 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Estimation of the hidden population structure is an important step in many genetic studies. Often the aim is also to identify which sequence locations are the most discriminative between groups of samples for a given data partition. Automated discovery of interesting patterns that are present in the data can help to generate new biological hypotheses.

Results
We introduce Kpax3, a Bayesian method for bi-clustering multiple sequence alignments. Influence of individual sites will be determined in a supervised manner by using informative prior distributions for the model parameters. Our inference method uses an implementation of both split-merge and Gibbs sampler type MCMC algorithms to traverse the joint posterior of partitions of samples and variables. We use a large Rotavirus sequence dataset to demonstrate the ability of Kpax3 to generate biologically important hypotheses about differential selective pressures across a virus protein.

Availability and implementation
Kpax3 is implemented as a Julia package and released under the MIT license. Source code and documentation are available at: https://github.com/albertopessia/Kpax3.jl.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Improving SNP prioritization and pleiotropic architecture estimation by incorporating prior knowledge using graph-GPA
Authors: Kim Hang J , Yu Zhenning , Lawson Andrew , Zhao Hongyu , Chung Dongjun 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Summary
Integration of genetic studies for multiple phenotypes is a powerful approach to improving the identification of genetic variants associated with complex traits. Although it has been shown that leveraging shared genetic basis among phenotypes, namely pleiotropy, can increase statistical power to identify risk variants, it remains challenging to effectively integrate genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for a large number of phenotypes. We previously developed graph-GPA, a Bayesian hierarchical model that integrates multiple GWAS datasets to boost statistical power for the identification of risk variants and to estimate pleiotropic architecture within a unified framework. Here we propose a novel improvement of graph-GPA which incorporates external knowledge about phenotype–phenotype relationship to guide the estimation of genetic correlation and the association mapping. The application of graph-GPA to GWAS datasets for 12 complex diseases with a prior disease graph obtained from a text mining of biomedical literature illustrates its power to improve the identification of risk genetic variants and to facilitate understanding of genetic relationship among complex diseases.

Availability and implementation
graph-GPA is implemented as an R package ‘GGPA’, which is publicly available at http://dongjunchung.github.io/GGPA/. DDNet, a web interface to query diseases of interest and download a prior disease graph obtained from a text mining of biomedical literature, is publicly available at http://www.chunglab.io/ddnet/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ALMA [C i] observations toward the central region of Seyfert galaxy NGC 613
Authors: Miyamoto Yusuke , Seta Masumichi , Nakai Naomasa , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Salak Dragan , Ishii Shun 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We report ALMA observations of [C i](3P1 − 3P0), 13CO, and C18O(J = 1–0) toward the central region of a nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 613. The very high resolutions of 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$26 × 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$23 (=22 × 20 pc) for [C i] and 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$42 × 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$35 (=36 × 30 pc) for 13CO, and C18O resolve the circumnuclear disk (CND) and star-forming ring. The distribution of [C i] in the ring resembles that of the CO emission, although [C i] is prominent in the CND. This can be caused by the low intensities of the CO isotopes due to the low optical depths under the high temperature in the CND. We found that the intensity ratios of [C i] to 12CO(3–2) ($R_{\rm C\,{\small I}/CO}$) and to 13CO(1–0) ($R_{\rm C\,{\small I}/^{13}CO}$) are high at several positions around the edge of the ring. The spectral profiles of CO lines mostly correspond each other in the spots of the ring and high $R_{\rm C\,{\small I}/CO}$, but those of [C i] at spots of high $R_{\rm C\,{\small I}/CO}$ are different from those of CO. These results indicate that [C i] at the high $R_{\rm C\,{\small I}/CO}$ traces different gas from that traced by the CO lines. The [C i] kinematics along the minor axis of NGC 613 could be interpreted as a bubbly molecular outflow. The outflow rate of molecular gas is higher than star formation rate in the CND. The flow could be mainly boosted by the active galactic nucleus through its radio jets.
Acute Pain Assessment in Sedated Patients in the Postanesthesia Care Unit
Authors: Pereira-Morales Sherily , Arroyo-Novoa Carmen Mabel , Wysocki Annette , Sanzero Eller Lucille 
Published: February 2018

Context:
Acute postoperative pain remains inadequately assessed and managed. A valid instrument that assesses acute pain in sedated postanesthesia care unit (PACU) patients is needed.

Objectives:
Two behavioral pain assessment instruments, the NonVerbal Pain Scale Revised (NVPS-R) and Critical-care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT), were used to determine whether these instruments adequately assess acute pain in the PACU.

Methods:
A crossover study design was used. The study was conducted in the Medical Services Administration at the Puerto Rico Medical Center. Upon PACU arrival, patient sedation levels were evaluated using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale. Acute pain was assessed using the CPOT (scored, 0 to 8) and the NVPS-R (scored, 0 to 10) at timepoints 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Descriptive statistics and mixed model regression analysis were used to compare pain score assessment between instruments.

Results:
Clinically significant increases in vital signs and respiratory indicators using the NVPS-R were not seen in patients with significant pain at time 0, 15, and 120 minutes. The CPOT vocalization indicator was more frequent in patients with significant pain.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that NVPS-R and CPOT can assess acute pain in sedated PACU patients. In patients with significant pain, the CPOT vocalization indicator was more consistent than physiological and respiratory indicators in detecting acute pain. Thus, our data do not support the exclusive use of vital sign indicators to assess acute pain, suggesting the superiority of the CPOT for the assessment of acute pain in sedated PACU patients.