bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examination of meat preparations in order to control process hygiene in retail
Authors: Mrdovic B , Nastasijevic I , Brankovic Lazic I , Jovanovic J , Nikolic A , Petrovic Z , Raseta M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The production and trade of meat preparations (minced meat and semi-finished meat products, including fresh sausages) are registering significant annual increases in Serbia. There is an increasing number of specialized plants, as well as suppliers who directly supply consumers with this type of meat preparation. The aim of this paper is to determine the microbiological risks in the meat preparations production process by taking samples from retail facilities in order to verify HACCP compliance. HACCP systems and good hygiene practices as their pre-requisite programs, require food business operators to identify potential hazards that threaten product safety in order to eliminate or control them. Over 27 months, 297 samples of meat preparations were taken from nine retail stores. Escherichia coli was detected in 5% (16/297) of the meat preparations, and Salmonella spp. were found in 1.6% (5/297). The results obtained are signals for initiating corrective measures in the production processes and improving current sanitary procedures.
Artificial neural network technologies as a tool to histological preparation analysis
Authors: Nikitina M A , Chernukha I M , Pchelkina V A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Food fraud has become one of the great internal and external threats nowadays. For effective and objective detection of adulterated products, real-time control systems are used.Microstructural analysis is one of these methods. It allows rapid quality and composition assessment of food’s raw materials and the finished products. Human skills and expertise/involvement in interpreting the resultsof microstructural analysis is still absolutely necessary, despite the possibility this is subjective. Modern hardware/software systems for histological analysis with neural network technologies will exclude the subjectivity of that result interpretation. For convolutional neural network operating, the “learning with the teacher” model is used. With this training method, a set of data is prepared, whichacts as a series of observations, and for which the values of the input and output variables are indicated, such as: histological analysis data > conclusion about the sample composition > adulteration definition. The network learns to establish connections between them. This paper presents the classification parameters for vegetable food component identification as a part of meat raw materials and finished products. A unified database structure has been developedfor structuring and summarizing the main microstructural characteristics of histological sections for various types of meat raw materials. The production-rule systems of “If… then …else” are given, and vegetable protein components were chosen as an example. Based on these rules, training of convolutional neural network occurs.
Characterizations of lignocellulose waxes and study of their effects on enzymatic saccharification for biofuel production
Authors: Kitsubthawee K , Cheenkachorn K , Chuetor S , Rattanaporn K , Sriariyanun M 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWax is considered to be by-products of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass and agricultural processing plants. Although, attempts to find applications of waxes obtained from these sources have been made, yet, little proportions of cases were successfully practical in industrial applications due to lacking of wax characterization data. This research aims to characterize wax properties of three types of lignocellulose biomass; Rice straw (RS), Sugarcane bagasse (SB) and Napier grass (NG); obtained from Soxhlet extraction technique with hexane solvent. The chemical and physical properties of waxes were analysed by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FT-IR) analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) suggesting the similarity of properties between NG and SB waxes. To test the effect of wax on biofuel production, both dewaxed and non-dewaxed biomass were pretreated with diluted alkali and enzymatically hydrolysed by cellulase. The results showed that the combination of dewaxing and alkali pretreatment increased the cellulose proportions in biomass compared to alkali pretreatment for 21.8%, 10.1% and 16.1% in RS, NG and SB, respectively. Additionally, the combined dewaxing and pretreatment improved the saccharification yields of RS, NG and SB for 5.84%, 35.03% and 26.10%, respectively. Altogether, the existence of wax clearly showed the negative effect on biofuel production, thus dewaxing process should be further considered to be included to improve the biorefining process.
First record of Lyophyllum shimeji mashrooms in Dazhou
Authors: Xu D , Sun C Q , Li B , Xu J J , Zhao H , Wang Z D , Ma J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
a new record of Lyophyllum shimeji was collected during field trip to masson pine at Dazhou (31.35° N, 107.72° E; 1100 m altitude) district in 16th of October 2017. It was identified using morphological and molecular techniques. Complete description was performed for the collected fresh fruiting bodies and isolated pure culture. Radial growth rate of culture was estimated on media1, media 2, media 3, media 4, media 5 and media 6 (0.196, 0.192, 0.122, 0.092, 0.200, 0.160 cm/day, respectively). Lyophyllum are very close in morphological characters; hence, the identification was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis of the ribosomal 5.8S rRNA gene including the flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS). The results showed that it was Lyophyllum shimeji and this is the first record in other parts of China. The suitable culture medium component was potato 200g, MgSO4-7H2O 0.5g, glucose 20 g, KHM2PO4 0.3 g, tryptone 0.5 g, VB1 20 mg, ager 20 g, ddH2O 1000ml, PH5-6. These results could provide a new reference for its artificial domestication and cultivation studies.
Efficacy of herbicides on crabgrass in Golf Course, Southern China
Authors: Fei L , Jiang P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Crabgrass, a malignant weed on golf turf, affects the hitting effect and golf course landscape. In this study, three herbicides were used for crabgrass in driving range of the golf course in Southern China. Metsulfuron-Methyl, Flazasulfuron and Quinclorac were sprayed at three concentration gradients of 1, 2 and 3 times respectively. Results showed that three times the recommended amount of quinclorac had the best killing effect on crabgrass and the other two herbicides were still unsatisfactory even if the concentration reached three times of the recommended amount. The efficacy of quinclorac at recommended dose is 2.2 times higher than that of metsulfuron-methyl, and 1.3 times higher at three times recommended dose. Because this experiment was carried out in November, the leaf and sheath of crabgrass is old, cellulose content is high, lignification is serious, and it has high resistance to chemical herbicides. Manual removal is more environmentally friendly and efficient method.
Digital transformation of agricultural industry
Authors: Shamin A , Frolova O , Makarychev V , Yashkova N , Kornilova L , Akimov A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Until recently, in our country, agriculture as a sector of the economy had low automation of business processes. At the present stage, digitalization and automation of the maximum number of agricultural processes is a conscious necessity. The task of it is the maximum automation of all stages of the production cycle to reduce losses, increase the productivity of agricultural business, optimal resource management. Materials and methods: This article use abstract logic and calculation and constructive methods. The historical experience of the formation of a multi-structure is considered, the digital stage is allocated. The system of comprehensive indicators of efficiency of agricultural production of various forms of management by types of efficiency is offered. Discussion: At the first stage agricultural producers on the basis of developed indicators of digital efficiency determine the level of digitalization for its further increase. At the second stage of implementation of elements of digitalization it is necessary for agricultural organizations to participate in the developed business model for the introduction of digital technologies, which will contribute to the development of agricultural production, growth of entrepreneurial activity and increase the sustainability of rural areas. Results: Based on the analysis of economic literature, foreign digital technologies used in advanced agricultural organizations of various forms of ownership in Russia are highlighted. It is concluded that the intensive introduction of digitalization and the Internet of things in agriculture will turn the industry less affected by it into a high-tech business due to the explosive growth of productivity and reduce unproductive costs and ensure food security of the regions and the country as a whole.
Removal of cyfluthrin by fine bubble technology in oranges (Citrus reticulata Blanco)
Authors: Vuthijumnonk J T , Shimbhanao W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cyfluthrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is used widely for orange cultivation. Prolong exposure to cyfluthrin causes several human health issues such as kidney inflammation, weight loss and diarrhoea. This study aimed to investigate the fate of cyfluthrin residue in oranges after treatment with fine bubble produced with air or ozone. Micro-bubbles produced from different types of gas (air, oxygen and ozone) were used to treat oranges contaminated with cyfluthrin. Cyfluthrin residue was tested using GPO-TM kit. The pesticide residue was not detected after micro-bubble treatments. An air micro-bubble technology was chosen for further analysis by HPLC. HPLC analysis confirmed that more than 90% of contaminated cyfluthrin was removed by air micro-bubble treatment. Moreover, the insecticide residue was not detected in washing water.
The efficiency of the use of “Biostrong 510” additive in the technology of broiler chicken meat production
Authors: Lavrentyev A Y , Nikolaeva A I , Evdokimov N V , Semenov V G , Sherne V S , Nemtseva E Y , Danilova N V , Petrov N S , Toboyev G M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Growing chickens for meat is the main link in the technological chain of broiler production. Broilers – the final hybrid obtained as a result of interbreeding of different chicken breeds lines (meat parent forms), tested for compatibility. Because of this, the bird has an intense growth rate, high taste of meat. Consumer demand for broiler meat has been increasing steadily in recent decades. Biostrong 510 (BIOSTRONG 510) herbal feed supplement to improve palatability and increase consumption or feed for farm poultry. The mechanism of action is based on the joint action of several plant substances, in which there are active substances, which, when combined, affect a certain category of animals. Four groups of broiler chickens (1 control and 3 experimental) of the Cobb 500 cross at the daily age of 50 heads each were formed to conduct the experiment by the method of analogues. The experiments were carried out with the daily up to 40 days of age. Expenses of feeds in the experimental groups was lower than in the control group by 0.07, 0.13, 0.12 kg, respectively. The purpose of this work was to establish the feasibility and effectiveness of enrichment of animal feed with vegetable feed additive "Biostrong 510" used in the production of meat broiler chickens. Assessing the results of scientific and economic experience, we can safely say that in all the experimental groups in which "Biostrong 510" was used as an additive, the gain in the live weight of broiler chickens was increased compared to the control group. In total, 4020 g of compound feed was spent for the period of an experiment for each experimental group of broiler chickens. Due to the improved taste of feed, the palatability in the experimental groups was higher than in the control group by 0.3 %; 0.9 %; 0.8 %. The cost of feed in the experimental groups was lower than in the control group. For example, in the control – 1, 87 kg per 1 kg of body weight gain. In experimental – below 0.07; 0.13; 0,12 kg, respectively. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the viability of experimental broiler chickens was almost 100%. The natural loss of livestock was only due to technological injuries. The obtained data on the productivity of broiler chickens indicate a favorable effect of plant feed additive on the live weight of broiler chickens. Based on the results of the research, we recommend to introduce a plant feed additive based on essential oils and plant substances "Biostrong 510" in the composition of complete feed in the amount of 150 g/t to increase live weight, growth intensity, preservation, meat productivity, reduce feed costs per unit of broiler chickens of the cross "Cobb 500".
Ion-exchange substrates as the basis for growing seedlings of potato in tube culture
Authors: Filippova S V , Eliseeva L V , Mefodev G A , Makushev A A , Shashkarov L G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Studies had been carried out to study the possibility of using ionite substrates for growing potato seedlings in tube culture, to analyze the variability of hybrid potato populations by morphobiological and economically valuable characteristics depending on the substrate, to analyze the effectiveness of the selection of high-yielding forms at the early stage of the breeding process. The experiment included 7 different modifications of the nutrient medium composition. Seed germination, seedling survival rate, tuber formation rate, percentage of tuber-forming seedlings, number of tubers per seedling, size, and shape of tubers were taken into account. Quantitative assessment of factors in phenotypic manifestation of signs was carried out by the method of dispersion analysis. Sterile microtubers were stored at 2-4°C in the dark before planting. As a result of the research, a different tuber-forming ability was found in seedlings of populations of different variants. The tube culture of seedlings ensures full survival of seedlings. For the growth and development of seedlings in a tube culture, the best of those studied was the nutrient medium based on the ion-exchange substrate IS-2V, containing 1% sucrose and 500 mg / 1 CCC. Two-stage cultivation of seedlings (the initial increase in the above-ground mass, then the induction of tuberization) had a positive effect on the pace and quality of tuberization. 30–40 days after induction, tuberization was observed in 90–100% of seedlings, regardless of their origin, and the size of microtubers was on average 6.7–8.7 mm.
Activization of adaptogenesis and realization of meat qualities of Aberdeen-Angus bulls by biological products
Authors: Kochish I I , Tyurin V G , Kuznetsov A F , Semenov V G , Lavrentiev A Y , Yakimov A V , Kosyaev N I , Tsarevsky I V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The feasibility of using Prevention-N-E, a newly developed and tested biological product, in comparison with the previously tested PS-6 preparation in the adaptive technology of keeping specialized beef cattle of imported breeding, had been scientifically substantiated and experimentally proved. Under the conditions of production tests, biopreparations PS-6 and Prevention-N-E stimulated the production of red blood cells and increased the hemoglobin concentration in the blood of bulls, that is, improved hematopoiesis; they caused physiological eosinophilia, moderate neutrophilopenia with a shift of the neutrophilic nucleus to the right and lymphocytosis; increased protein metabolism, mainly due to the synthesis of albumin and γ-globulin fractions; intensified nonspecific resistance of an organism. Against the background of the use of drugs in animals of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, the incidence of the digestive and respiratory organs decreased by 1.4 and 2.3 times, the recovery time reduced by 3.36 and 4.88 days. accordingly, compared with the control (P <0.05). By the end of the growing period, the animals of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups exceeded in live weight control subjects by 6.6 and 9.2 kg, rearing by 10.4 and 14.8 kg, and fattening by 14.2 and 22.2 kg respectively (P <0.05-0.01). In the cuts of the carcasses of bulls of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, there was a bigger amount of the highest grade flesh: in spin-breast - by 1.0 and 1.0 kg, in the lumbar - by 0.2 and 0.4 kg, and in the hip - by 2.3 and 4.2 kg (P <0.05-0.001), rather than in the control.
Analyzing the possible sources of heavy metals in farmland soil around Weihe coal-fired plant based on multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Zhang X L , Ding X , Lu X W 
Published: October 2019

AbstractContents of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Ni, Mn, V, Co and Cr in farmland soil around Weihe coal-fired plant were surveyed by applying X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to estimate the impact of coal-fired industrial activity on the surrounding soil environment. The possible sources of heavy metals analyzed in the soil were discriminated by utilizing multivariate statistical analysis methods, including principal component analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, and the contribution of each source was apportioned applying principal component analysis subsequently multiple linear regression method. The results revealed that the content ranges of Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Ni, Mn, V, Co, and Cr were 18.1 to 45.9, 20.1 to 64.5, 38.7 to 69.7, 6.0 to 17.9, 23.9 to 39.1, 218.6 to 681.6, 64.5 to 104.2, 18.9 to 61.0, and 94.7 to 128.1 mg/kg with the average of 23.3, 28.3, 48.7, 9.4, 31.2, 564.7, 78.3, 29.1, and 110.7 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the element background value of Shaanxi soil, the mean contents of Cu, Cr, Co, Pb, Ni and V were larger than their background values, while the mean contents of As, Zn and Mn were less than or close to their background values. Three main sources were discriminated for heavy metals investigated in the surrounding farmland soil of Weihe coal-fired plant. Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and V derived from traffic and natural source. Co and Cr primarily derived from coal-fired plant discharge. Mn and As primarily came from natural source. The contributions of traffic and nature mixing source, natural source and coal-fired source to heavy metals in farmland soil around Weihe thermal power plant were 21.7%, 49.9% and 28.4%, respectively.
Light interception and yield of some maize varieties grown in a double-row pattern under different urea applications
Authors: Jaya I K D , Sudirman S , Sudika I W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
To increase light interception in maize by improving the population density using a double-row pattern planting often causes difficulty in applying fertilizers. This study aimed to assess the light interception and yield of some maize hybrid varieties treated with and without a third application of urea fertilizer. The varieties tested were NK7328, BISI18, BISI2, and P35. The first application of urea was performed at planting, the second at 35 days after planting (DAP), and the third at 56 DAP. The experiment was conducted in an arid area with a sandy loam soil in the North Lombok region. Spacing for the double-row pattern was 35 × 20 cm2 within a double row and 70 cm between double rows, resulting in approximately 98,000 plants/ha. The results showed that light interception was significantly affected by the variety of maize but not by the third-time application of urea, being the highest (96.7%) in NK7328 and the lowest (92.0%) in BISI18. The yield was significantly affected by both the variety and the third application of urea. The highest yielding variety was P35 (9.7 ton/ha), followed by NK 7328 (9.5 ton/ha), BISI18 (8.8 ton/ha), and BISI2 (8.2 ton/ha). The third-time application of urea in a high maize population density improved the yield by 21%.
Optimization of process conditions for the development of rice milk by using response surface methodology
Authors: Plengsaengsri P , Pimsuwan T , Wiriya-Aree T , Luecha J , Nualkaekul S , Deetae P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Rice milk is a dairy product alternative for who are allergenic milk protein, lactose and concern about cholesterol. Unlike cow’s milk, rice milk contains little protein but has a higher carbohydrate content. The purpose of this research was to study the optimal condition to develop rice milk nutritionally equivalent to cow milk with consumer acceptability. In this study, we used rice protein concentrate, rice flour, rice bran oil, sugar and calcium lactate as ingredients. Firstly, the selection of enzymes for rice protein hydrolysis was carried out and neutrase had high degree of hydrolysis with the highest consumer acceptability (p<0.05). Response surface methodology (RSM) base on central composite design was then employed to investigate the optimum condition with three independent variables: enzyme: protein ratios, speeds and times of homogenization. Our results reveal that the experimental variables significantly affected the color and sensory attributes. The optimum condition for rice milk production was found to be 16000 rpm,20 minutes of homogenization and 1:40 (w/w). The milk produced from this condition had protein 3.14 %, fat 3.28%, fiber 0.45%, ash 0.44% moisture 86.85% and carbohydrate 5.84%, which was similar to the nutritional value of cow’s milk. The developed product showed good nutritional and sensory characteristics and this could be used for the development of commercial rice milk beverage after conducting appropriate scale up and pilot plant study.
Research on dynamic monitoring of cultivated land quality in mountainous regions around the Sichuan Basin
Authors: He J H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The mountainous regions around the Sichuan Basin are characterized by complicated topography, large population and little land, and the per capita cultivated land resources are seriously insufficient. In order to realize the goal of protecting cultivated land from quantity to quality, dynamic monitoring of cultivated land quality was carried out to accurately understand the cultivated land quality. By establishing the cultivated land quality monitoring system and forming the regional monitoring network in the form of coordinate grid, the monitoring indexes are measured regularly. It is found that the change of cultivated land quality in the region can be divided into five types and their causes are analyzed thoroughly. The dynamic monitoring of cultivated land quality is conducive to the timely improvement and correction of the control measures, so as to improve the quality of cultivated land at the source and achieve the purpose of protecting cultivated land.
Effects of w/b ratio, fly ash, and chloride content on corrosion of reinforcing steel
Authors: Phuong D T V , Sancharoen P , Klomjit P , Tangtermsirikul S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
To predict the corrosion of reinforcing steel, the electrochemical properties of reinforcing steel with different concrete mix proportions and chloride content were studied. The water to binder ratio of concrete was varied (0.45 and 0.60). Coal fly ash was used to replace OPC (0 and 30% by weight of the total binder). The initial chloride was 0, 2, and 4% by weight of concrete. Potentiodynamic polarization testing was conducted by controlling the moisture of specimens. The Tafel slope, corrosion potential, and corrosion rate were analyzed from the testing results. Results show that chloride content significantly affects the electrochemical properties of reinforcing steel. The anodic Tafel slope decreased as chloride content increased. The cathodic Tafel slope increased when the water to binder ratio decreased, or when the fly ash content increased due to a denser concrete pore structure, limiting oxygen diffusion. Results from this study can be used to simulate the corrosion of reinforcing steel and predict the service life of reinforced concrete structures. Also, the electrochemical compatibility between existing and repaired sections can be evaluated to ensure the durability of repaired RC structures.