bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on The Role of VEGF in Tamoxifen Resistance
Authors: Mansouri Sepideh , Feizi Nikta , Mahdi Ali , Majidzadeh-A Keivan , Farahmand Leila 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Certain molecular deviations can lead to the development of breast cancer. For instance,
estrogen and estrogen receptors play a significant role in inducing tumor proliferation. However, the efficacy of
endocrine therapy through the administration of anti-estrogen drugs, such as Tamoxifen, is challenged by acquired
resistance.

Methods:
Relevant articles were retrieved from Medline and google scholar. All were screened to select the ones
discussing the molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis and Tamoxifen resistance. The molecular interactions contributing
in the resistant network were studied from the eligible articles.

Results:
Tamoxifen resistance occurs as a consequence of over-activated signal transduction pathways such as RTK
s dependent cascades. It has been shown that microvessel count was greater in Tamoxifen resistant tissues than in
responsive ones.

Conclusion:
In this review, the interaction between estrogen, Tamoxifen, VEGF, and VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) in
Tamoxifen resistant cells has been discussed. VEGF and estrogen-independent growth cascades, especially MAPK
have a positive feedback loop in Tamoxifen resistant cells. It has been proposed that over-activated pathways in
Tamoxifen resistant cells induce pin1 mediated VEGF over-expression, which in turn result in enhanced activation of
MAPK.
Pain-Prescription Differences - An Analysis of 500,000 Discharge Summaries
Authors: Preissner Saskia , Siramshetty Vishal B. , Dunkel Mathias , Steinborn Paul , Luft Friedrich C. , Preissner Robert 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Pain-relief prescriptions have led to an alarming increase in drug-related
abuse.

Objective:
In this study, we estimate the pain reliever prescription rates at a major German academic
hospital center and compare with the nationwide trends from Germany and prescription reports from
the USA.

Methods:
We analysed >500,000 discharge summaries from Charité, encompassing the years 2006
to 2015, and extracted the medications and diagnoses from each discharge summary. Prescription
reports from the USA and Germany were collected and compared with the trends at Charité to identify
the frequently prescribed pain relievers and their world-wide utilization trends. The average
costs of pain therapy were also calculated and compared between the three regions.

Results:
Metamizole (dipyrone), a non-opioid analgesic, was the most commonly prescribed pain
reliever at Charité (59%) and in Germany (23%) while oxycodone (29%), a semi-synthetic opioid,
was most commonly ordered in the USA. Surprisingly, metamizole was prescribed to nearly 20% of
all patients at Charité, a drug that has been banned for safety reasons (agranulocytosis) in most developed
countries including Canada, United Kingdom, and USA. A large number of prospective
cases with high risk for agranulocytosis and other side effects were found. The average cost of pain
therapy greatly varied between the USA (125.3 EUR) and Charité (17.2 EUR).

Conclusion:
The choice of pain relievers varies regionally and is often in disagreement with approved
indications and regulatory guidelines. A pronounced East-West gradient was observed with
metamizole use and the opposite with prescription opioids.
Differential miRNA Expression Profiles in Cumulus and Mural Granulosa Cells from Human Pre-ovulatory Follicles
Authors: Andrei Daniela , Nagy Roland A. , van Montfoort Aafke , Tietge Uwe , Terpstra Martijn , Kok Klaas , van den Berg Anke , Hoek Annemieke , Kluiver Joost , Donker Rogier 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Mural Granulosa Cells (MGCs) and Cumulus Cells (CCs) are two specialized
cell types that differentiate from a common progenitor during folliculogenesis. Although these two
cell types have specialized functions and gene expression profiles, little is known about their microRNA
(miRNA) expression patterns.

Objective:
To describe the miRNA profile of mural and cumulus granulosa cells from human preovulatory
follicles.
</P><P>
Methods: Using small RNA sequencing, we defined the miRNA expression profiles of human primary
MGCs and CCs, isolated from healthy women undergoing ovum pick-up for in vitro Fertilization
(IVF).

Results:
Small RNA sequencing revealed the expression of several hundreds of miRNAs in MGCs
and CCs with 53 miRNAs being significantly differentially expressed between MGCs and CCs. We
validated the differential expression of miR-146a-5p, miR-149-5p, miR-509-3p and miR-182-5p by
RT-qPCR. Analysis of proven targets revealed 37 targets for miR-146a-5p, 43 for miR-182-5p, 2 for
miR-509-3p and 9 for miR-149-5p. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis for these 4 target gene sets revealed
enrichment of 12 GO terms for miR-146a-5p and 10 for miR-182-5p. The GO term ubiquitin-like protein
conjugation was enriched within both miRNA target gene sets.

We generated miRNA expression profiles for MGCs and CCs and identified several differentially
expressed miRNAs.
Effect of phytase dose on productive performance and bone status of layers fed with graded levels of digestible lysine
Authors: Martinez Rojas Ingrid Yolani , López Coello Carlos , Ávila González Ernesto , Arce Menocal J. , Gomes G. A. 
Published: September 2018

Exogenous phytase could influence dietary protein availability by variation in using dose. The objective of the present study was to determine if incremental dosing of an evolved E.coli 6-phytase would lead to improvements in lysine availability through evaluating performance and bone status in Bovans White layers. A total of 182 layers were placed in individual cages and distributed to 13 treatments: a 3×4 factorial arrangement with three levels of digestible lysine (dLys - 0.67, 0.77, and 0.87 %) and four doses of phytase (0, 300, 1 200, and 4 800 FTU/kg) in 0.12 % available P (avP) diets. Additionally, one phytase-free control treatment was included with 0.25 % avP and 0.87 % dLys. Productive parameters were recorded for 25 weeks, from 39 week-old. At the end, abdominal fat deposition and the tibia were sampled; in bone was determined breaking strength and bone ash. Layers fed 1 200 FTU/kg phytase increased egg production percentage (F3,169 = 2.01, p = 0.019), abdominal fat deposition (F3,169 = 2.52, p = 0.059), bone breaking strength (F3,169 = 4.29, p = 0.006) and bone ash weight (F3,169 = 3.62, p = 0.015) compared with non-phytase inclusion. Furthermore, 1 200 FTU/kg phytase decreased incidence of broken eggs and soft-shell eggs (F3,169 = 2.9, p = 0.037). Phytase and dLys levels influenced egg mass and bone ash concentration (F12,169 = 1.86, p = 0.043). FCR and body weight loss was reduced with phytase inclusion (respectively: F12,169 = 2.43, p = 0.045, and F12,169 = 2.24, p = 0.001). Phytase-free control diet increased egg weight (F12,169 = 3.70, p < 0.068), but gave greater BW loss (F12,169 = 17.79, p < 0.001), less abdominal fat content (F12,169 = 5.85, p < 0.017), and no effect on other variables (p > 0.07). In conclusion, 1 200 FTU/kg of phytase improved productive performance and preserved body weight and bone status, without equivalence of phytase inclusion for dLys level, even with higher doses.Figure A. Response of egg marketable mass
Kriptosporidiosis di Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti Tri 
Published: September 2018

Cryptosporidiosis included to waterborne and soil transmited diseases, caused by Cryptosporidium, obligat intraceluller pathogen organism. Cryptosporidium cause intestinal infection of human and animal acute diarrhea. Lung cryptosporidiosis on HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis patients was reported. Diarrhea still be important health problem because diarrhea was be the third dominant contributor of children morbidity and mortality at some country include Indonesia. Every children have 1,6-2x diarrhea onset annually. Diarrhea cases caused by Cryptosporidium sp parasite was around 4-11%. Focus of this review is about cryptosporidiosis on children, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis patients, animal, environment, diagnostic and it’s prevention and control. Cryptosporidium species confirmed in Indonesia are C. wrairi, C. muris, C. felis, C. hominis, C. meleagridis and C. parvum, indicated that there was a big rule of animal on Cryptosporidium transmission. Cryptosporidium was necessary to be one of diseases diagnose on HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis patients. Transmission of Cryptosporidium by respiratory secretion (droplet, aerosol or contact with vomiting) must be anticipated to prevent cryptosporidiosis especially on imunocompromissed/imunodeficiency people. Rapid Diagnostic Test that have highly sensitivity and spesificity is very important on Cryptosporidium cases finding and surveillance in Indonesia. Environment and cattle sanitation, personal hygiene, water and food treatment, is necessary to prevent cryptosporidiosis transmission.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keberadaan Jentik Aedes aegypti di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Jakarta Barat
Authors: Prasetyowati Heni , Astuti Endang Puji , Widawati Mutiara 
Published: September 2018

Dengue cases in the Capital City of Indonesia keep increasing year to year. West Jakarta accounted for 17.8% of total patients in Jakarta for the period 2012-2015. This is a cross-sectional design research, conducted in May 2015 in Kembangan, Grogol Petamburan and Cengkareng’s Health Centre, West Jakarta. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the level of education, the use of anti-mosquito, and the presence of container in the community with the presence of Ae. aegypti larvae. Collection of data was conducted through interviews and surveys of larvae in 100 houses per health centres; the total samples were 300 households. The results showed that types of insecticide formulations widely used by respondents were spray and lotion. Most of the types of containers found in the survey area were buckets, tubs and jars/plastic barrel. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square showed that the educational level (p-value 0.045), layout (p-value 0.00), type (p-value 0.00) and the number of containers (p-value 0.00) have a significant relationship with the existence of larvae. There was no evidence of relation between the selection of formulation type (p-value 0,60) and the frequency of used household insecticide (p-value 0,30) in West Jakarta to the presence of Ae. aegypti larvae.
Maximising Bandwdith Efficency of Statistical Multiplexer Architecture using Frame Droping Methods
Authors: Shah Asadullah , Dar Humaira , A Syed Iftikhar 
Published: September 2018

<span>It is generally considered that remote and rural telephone users generate less traffic as compared<span> to urban area users. This lowers the attraction of investment in rural areas by the<span> telecommunications companies and service providers. The financial implications of wiring a<span> vast area for low telephone traffic causes most telephone service providers to ignore those<span> regions. Still, it is known that telecommunications are essential to the economic development of<span> a region and that traffic increases rapidly as soon as the service is available. A satellite–based<span> telephone network can provide efficient long distance telephone service to remote rural<span> communities at a lower cost than land-based wired networks in most cases. Mobile satellite<span> systems already provide this service, but are limited in capacity and charge high per-minute fees<span> for the satellite link. Small earth stations and GEO satellites can provide this service more<span> efficiently and at lower cost. On top of that, bandwidth efficient multiplexing with compressed<span> speech, Voice Activity Detection (VAD) and Packet discarding methods can even further reduce <span>the cost of service for the users in rural areas. In this paper, Statistical Time Division Multiplexer<span> (STDM) architecture was simulated. Two packet discarding methods, random packet discarding<span> and cyclic packet discarding are used to maximize bandwidth utilization along with VAD.<span> Results indicate that considering monologue speech source, with 80%, activity for each 6.4 kbps<span> sources, on a channel of 64 kbps, 12 users can be allowed to be multiplexed instead of 9,<span> therefore a Digital Speech Interpolation (DSI) advantage of 1.33 is achieved with 3% packet<span> loss. Furthermore, it is observed that cyclic packet discarding technique perform better than<span> random packet discarding in terms of subjective quality<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Worldview-2 and Landsat 8 Satellite Data for Seaweed Mapping along Karachi Coast
Authors: Siddiqui Muhammad Danish , Zaidi Arjumand Z 
Published: September 2018

<span>Seaweed is a marine plant or algae which has economic value in many parts of the world. The purpose of <span>this study is to evaluate different satellite sensors such as high-resolution WorldView-2 (WV2) satellite <span>data and Landsat 8 30-meter resolution satellite data for mapping seaweed resources along the coastal<br /><span>waters of Karachi. The continuous monitoring and mapping of this precious marine plant and their <span>breeding sites may not be very efficient and cost effective using traditional survey techniques. Remote <span>Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) can provide economical and more efficient <span>solutions for mapping and monitoring coastal resources quantitatively as well as qualitatively at both <span>temporal and spatial scales. Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) along with the image <span>enhancement techniques were used to delineate seaweed patches in the study area. The coverage area of <span>seaweed estimated with WV-2 and Landsat 8 are presented as GIS maps. A more precise area estimation <span>wasachieved with WV-2 data that shows 15.5Ha (0.155 Km<span>2<span>)of seaweed cover along Karachi coast that is <span>more representative of the field observed data. A much larger area wasestimated with Landsat 8 image <span>(71.28Ha or 0.7128 Km<span>2<span>) that was mainly due to the mixing of seaweed pixels with water pixels. The <span>WV-2 data, due to its better spatial resolution than Landsat 8, have proven to be more useful than Landsat<br /><span>8 in mapping seaweed patches</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span>
Impact of Development of Technology on Education: Key Micro and Macro Economies of Australia
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asghar 
Published: September 2018

<p>The purpose of this paper was to discuss and examine the impact of development of technology on education in key micro and macro economies of Australia. Research for this paper included application of micro and macro economics concepts, presentation of facts that are collected from different sources as well as deeper analysis of the changes in micro and macro economies of Australia caused by technological changes in education supported by a range of other scholarly articles.</p><p> </p><p>The paper provides advantages and disadvantages of development of technology on education as well as impact of technology on education in key micro and macro economies of Australia. Based on the analysis, the education industry in general is benefitted by development of technology caused by increasing access to information and flexible study schedule through e-learning. The paper then moved into micro and macro analysis of the impact technology has on education. The key factors in micro economics that were discussed are long run demand and supply, labour demand and supply, resistance to change and effect on universities and the environment. In macro economics, the key factors that were discussed are increased access to education in the country, decrease in structural unemployment rate, decreased demand for Australian academics, increased level of global competition and decrease in GDP as well as increase in information asymmetry.</p><p> </p>The paper provides detailed analysis on the impact of technological development on key micro and macro economies. In general, this paper suggests that as the inevitable development of technology in education will have both positive and negative effects on Australian economies, the key challenge is in managing the development by minimising its negative impacts and nourishing the positive impacts
Industrial Trends in Development of Target Mapping Interface for Passive Radar Systems
Authors: Hussain Syed Aamer 
Published: September 2018

Passive emitter location systems have a wide range of applications most importantly in military due to its stealth and precise location capability of threats. Two approaches are followed for emitter location estimation, either to use a single mobile detection system or to use multiple static platforms for signal reception. Direction/angle of arrival and various range estimation techniques allows target localization. Mapping interfaces are used to provide a visual interpretation to the mathematical results. In case of multiple platform systems the mapping module also provides triangulation capability. In this paper we have discussed various trends that are persisting in the form of features incorporated in the target mapping modules, different techniques to extract the information from the Passive emitter location system and to bring it on the visual panel. Various passive emitter systems have been considered and their target mapping modules are compared with respect to different benchmarks.
Impact of Big Data over Telecom Industry
Authors: Khan Muhammad Waqar , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Alam Muhammad , Ali Wajahat 
Published: September 2018

<p>During past few years, data is growing exponentially attracting researchers to work a popular term, the Big Data. Big Data is observed in various fields, such as information technology, telecommunication, theoretical computing, mathematics, data mining and data warehousing. Data science is frequently referred with Big Data as it uses methods to scale down the Big Data. Currently<br />more than 3.2 billion of the world population is connected to internet out of which 46% are connected via smart phones. Over 5.5 billion people are using cell phones. As technology is rapidly shifting from ordinary cell phones towards smart phones, therefore proportion of using internet is also growing. There<br />is a forecast that by 2020 around 7 billion people at the globe will be using internet out of which 52% will be using their smart phones to connect. In year 2050 that figure will be touching 95% of world population. Every device connect to internet generates data. As majority of the devices are using smart phones to<br />generate this data by using applications such as Instagram, WhatsApp, Apple, Google, Google+, Twitter, Flickr etc., therefore this huge amount of data is becoming a big threat for telecom sector. This paper is giving a comparison of amount of Big Data generated by telecom industry. Based on the collected data<br />we use forecasting tools to predict the amount of Big Data will be generated in future and also identify threats that telecom industry will be facing from that huge amount of Big Data.</p>
The longevity of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride varnish's preventative effects: Assessment of white spot lesion formation
Authors: Abufarwa Moufida , Noureldin Amal , Campbell Phillip M , Buschang Peter H 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:To test how long casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) fluoride varnish prevents enamel demineralization in vitro.Materials and Methods:Human molars and premolars were sectioned buccolingually and randomly assigned to two groups. Standardized pretreatment images of enamel surfaces were obtained using FluoreCam. The control group received no treatment, and the experimental group received an application of CPP-ACP fluoride varnish. Over simulated periods of 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, specimens were placed in a toothbrushing simulator, thermocycled, subjected to 9 days of pH cycling, and imaged with FluoreCam. Samples were sectioned and polished for polarized light microscope (PLM) evaluation.Results:There were statistically significant time (P &lt; .001) and varnish (P &lt; .001) effects on area, intensity, and impact of enamel demineralization. The control group showed significant and progressive demineralization over the 12 weeks (P &lt; .001). The experimental group revealed no significant demineralization during the first 4 weeks (P &gt; .05) and significant (P &lt; .001) increases thereafter. Experimental demineralization after 12 weeks was comparable to 2-week demineralization in the controls, with significant between-group differences (P &lt; .001) in enamel demineralization at all time points. PLM of the control and experimental groups revealed lesion depths of 90 ± 34 μm and 37 ± 9 μm, respectively.Conclusions:Within the limitations of this in vitro study, CPP-ACP fluoride varnish prevents enamel demineralization for at least 4 weeks and limits demineralization up to 12 weeks.
Aspects of Labor Market in Romania and Bulgaria in the Context of the Impementation of the Strategy Europa 2020. Comparative Study
Authors: Crețu Daniela , Iova Andrei Radu 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
During the last years, in Romania and Bulgaria, an acceleration of existent disparities took place compared to the European Union countries as regards the occupational labor structures and an decreased evolution of the active population migration to other EU states. Starting from these considerations, the present paper shows an analysis of general and specific aspects of the labor market in the two neighbouring countries, starting from the general analysis, at national level, continuing with the regional analysis until the local analysis of the labor market, at cross border level. In Romania, in 2016, an employment rate of the population at work age (15-64 years old) was of 61.6%, to an active population of 8,979 thousand persons, of which 8,449 thousand employed persons and 530 thousand were unemployed. In Bulgaria, in 2016 the active population was of 3,264 thousand persons, respectively, 53.3%, of which 3,199.6 thousand employed persons and 64.4 thousand unemployed. The employment rate of the work was of 68.7%.. There are still signs that in the two countries the legislation complies to the realities and needs in practice.
The Study of the Drinking Water Quality from the Local Sources, Busu Village, Dolj County and of the Physical and Chemical Determinations
Authors: Pandia Olimpia , Sărăcin Ion , Tănasie Eliza Ștefania 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the present paper, the authors refer to a study carried out in the village of Greceşti, Busu village, Dolj County, on the quality of drinking water from local sources (wells, wells and wells) and the comparison of these results with the limit values allowed by the legislation in force, namely Law 458/2002 and Law 311/2004, as well as the Water Framework Directive and the Groundwater Directive 118/2006 / EC. Organoleptic indicators, physical and chemical indicators from 10 distinct locations as source of harvested water were determined, where organoleptic indicators were determined by determination of taste and odour; physical indicators, determining the pH, colour, turbidity and total hardness; chemical indicators: ammonium, chlorides, oxidisability, nitrites. The determinations were made in the faculty’s agro-chemistry laboratory, using appropriate methods and equipment. Following the results, the causes leading to the results were established and a series of conclusions and recommendations were drafted.