bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation among fecal indicator bacteria and physicochemical parameters with the presence of Helicobacter pylori DNA in raw and drinking water from Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Vesga Fidson‐Juarismy , Moreno Yolanda , Ferrús María Antonia , Ledesma‐Gaitan Lina María , Campos Claudia , Trespalacios Alba Alicia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe quality of raw and drinking water is a matter of considerable concern due to the possibility of fecal contamination. To assess the quality and public health risk of different types of water, the fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are used. However, some pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori, may be present in water when FIB cannot be found. H pylori is recognized as the causative agent of chronic gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships among physicochemical parameters, FIB concentrations, and the presence of H pylori DNA in raw and drinking water from Bogotá, Colombia.Materials and MethodsA total of 310 water samples were collected 1 day per week from July 2015 to August 2016, and physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, conductivity, and residual free chlorine) were measured. Presence of H pylori DNA was determined and quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Fecal indicator bacteria (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and spores of sulfite‐reducing Clostridia) were enumerated by using standard culture techniques.ResultsThirty of 155 (31%) raw water samples and forty‐eight of 155 (38.7%) drinking water samples were positive for the presence of H pylori. No statistically significant relationships were found between physicochemical parameters or FIB with the presence or absence of H pylori in any sample (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of the presence of H pylori DNA in raw and drinking water in Bogotá, and shows that the detection and enumeration of FIB and physicochemical parameters in water do not correlate with the risk of contamination with H pylori.
Changes of tight junction and interleukin‐8 expression using a human gastroid monolayer model of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Uotani Takahiro , Murakami Kosuke , Uchida Tomohisa , Tanaka Shingo , Nagashima Hiroyuki , Zeng Xi‐Lei , Akada Junko , Estes Mary K. , Graham David Y. , Yamaoka Yoshio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundLack of a model that mirrors Helicobacter pylori‐induced gastric mucosal inflammation has hampered investigation of early host‐bacterial interactions. We used an ex vivo model of human stomach, gastric epithelial organoid monolayers (gastroid monolayers) to investigate interactions of H pylori infection and the apical junctional complex and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) expression.MethodMorphology of human antral mucosal gastroid monolayers was evaluated using histology, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Functional and gross changes in the apical junctional complexes were assessed using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), cytotoxicity assays, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. IL‐8 expression was evaluated by real‐time quantitative PCR and ELISA.ResultsWhen evaluated by IHC and TEM, the morphology of gastroid monolayers closely resembled in vivo human stomach. Following inoculation of H pylori, TEER transiently declined (up to 51%) in an H pylori density‐dependent manner. TEER recovered by 48 hours post‐infection and remained normal despite continued presence and replication of H pylori. Confocal scanning microscopy showed minimal disruption of zonula occludens‐1 or E‐cadherin structure. IL‐8 production was unchanged by infection with either CagA‐positive or CagA‐negative H pylori and JNK and MEK inhibitors did not suppress IL‐8 production, whereas p38 and IKK inhibitor significantly did.ConclusionHuman gastroid monolayers provide a model for experimental H pylori infection more consistent with in vivo human infections than seen with typical gastric epithelial cell lines. This ex vivo system should lead to better understanding of H pylori host‐pathogen interactions.
Management of Helicobacter pylori infection at the primary care level. The implementation of specific counseling improves eradication rates
Authors: Laredo Viviana , Sostres Carlos , Alfaro Enrique , Arroyo Maria Teresa , Lanas Ángel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundManagement of Helicobacter pylori infection has been expanded from the gastroenterology specialist (GS) to primary care physicians (PCPs), with a large increase in requests for urea breath tests (UBT). Due to the lack of evidence at this level, we evaluated the appropriateness of UBT indications and treatment for H pylori infections between PCPs and GSs and the effect of introducing specific counseling to PCPs.Materials and MethodsThis was a quasi‐experimental study. Phase I included 650 consecutive UBT requested by PCPs (400) and GSs (250). Indications and treatments were classified as appropriate or inappropriate based on national guidelines. Data on eradication rates were also collected. In phase II, 240 UBT and patients' treatment outcomes were analyzed after individually counseling PCPs on both aspects.ResultsOf 1049 UBT, inappropriate indications in phase I were significantly higher in tests requested by PCP compared with GS (35.9% vs 7.2%; P < 0.001). Inappropriate treatment regimens were significantly higher for PCPs in phase I (65.8% vs 26.4%; P < 0.001). Consequently, eradication rates were significantly lower in patients treated by PCPs compared with those treated by GS (63.7% vs 81.4%; P = 0.004). A significant increase in adherence to appropriate treatment regimens (75.8% vs 34.2%; P < 0.001) and eradication rates (79.2% vs 63.7%; P = 0.002) were observed in the PCP group after counseling; however, the appropriateness of indications did not improve.ConclusionsPatients infected with H pylori managed at the primary care level had poorer outcomes. The introduction of specific counseling for PCPs significantly improved treatment management, but not indications.
Late Anisian radiolarian assemblages from the Yarlung‐Tsangpo Suture Zone in the Jinlu area, Zedong, southern Tibet: Implications for the evolution of Neotethys
Authors: Chen Dishu , Luo Hui , Wang Xueheng , Xu Bo , Matsuoka Atsushi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAbundant Triassic radiolarian fossils were obtained from varicolored bedded cherts exposed in the Buruocang section near Jinlu village, Zedong, southern Tibet. The radiolarian‐bearing rocks represent fragmented remnants of the Neotethys oceanic sediments belonging to the mélange complex of the east part of the Yarlung‐Tsangpo Suture Zone. Two new middle Late Anisian radiolarian assemblages recognized from this section named Oertlispongus inaequispinosus and Triassocampe deweveri, respectively, are compared with those known from Europe, Far East Russia, Japan, and Turkey. These Anisian radiolarian fossils are the first reported in southern Tibet and the oldest radiolarian record within the Yarlung‐Tsangpo Suture Zone. They improve time constraints for the evolution of Neotethys in southern Tibet.
Developmental expression and evolution of hexamerin and haemocyanin fromFolsomia candida(Collembola)
Authors: Liang Y. , Xie W. , Luan Y.‐X. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHaemocyanins constitute a group of copper‐containing respiratory proteins, and hexamerins were derived from hexapod haemocyanin but lost the ability to transport oxygen and serve as storage proteins. Although hexamerins have been reported in most insect species, none of them has been identified in Collembola, one of the most primitive hexapod lineages, thereby preventing us from exploring relevant evolutionary scenarios regarding the origin and evolution of hexamerins in hexapods. Here we report on collembolan hexamerins for the first time, and investigated the temporal expression profiles of hexamerin and haemocyanin in the collembolanFolsomia candida. Haemocyanin was expressed over the entire life cycle, with higher expression at the embryonic stage than at other stages, whereas hexamerin expression was restricted to embryos, unlike insect hexamerins, which are generally expressed from larval to adult stages. A phylogenetic analysis and molecular clock estimation suggested that all investigated hexapod hexamerins have a single and ancient origin (~423 Ma), coincident with the rise of atmospheric oxygen levels in the Silurian–Devonian period, indicating a physiological link between molecular evolution and Palaeozoic oxygen changes.
‘There's more to a person than what's in front of you’: Nursing students’ experiences of consumer taught mental health education
Authors: Happell Brenda , Waks Shifra , Bocking Julia , Horgan Aine , Manning Fionnuala , Greaney Sonya , Goodwin John , Scholz Brett , van der Vaart Kornelis Jan , Allon Jerry , Granerud Arild , Hals Elisabeth , Doody Rory , Russell Siobhan , Griffin Martha , MacGabhann Liam , Lahti Mari , Ellilä Heikki , Pulli Jarmo , Vatula Annaliina , Platania‐Phung Chris , Bjornsson Einar , Biering Pall 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHolistic and person‐centred nursing care is commonly regarded as fundamental to nursing practice. These approaches are complementary to recovery which is rapidly becoming the preferred mode of practice within mental health. The willingness and ability of nurses to adopt recovery‐oriented practice is essential to services realizing recovery goals. Involving consumers (referred herein as Experts by Experience) in mental health nursing education has demonstrated positive impact on the skills and attitudes of nursing students. A qualitative exploratory research project was undertaken to examine the perspectives of undergraduate nursing students to Expert by Experience‐led teaching as part of a co‐produced learning module developed through an international study. Focus groups were held with students at each site. Data were analysed thematically. Understanding the person behind the diagnosis was a major theme, including subthemes: person‐centred care/seeing the whole person; getting to know the person, understanding, listening; and challenging the medical model, embracing recovery. Participants described recognizing consumers as far more than their psychiatric diagnoses, and the importance of person‐centred care and recovery‐oriented practice. Understanding the individuality of consumers, their needs and goals, is crucial in mental health and all areas of nursing practice. These findings suggest that recovery, taught by Experts by Experience, is effective and impactful on students’ approach to practice. Further research addressing the impact of Experts by Experience is crucial to enhance our understanding of ways to facilitate the development of recovery‐oriented practice in mental health and holistic and person‐centred practice in all areas of health care.
Substitutional reaction in Si–O network of molecular dynamics‐modeled liquid Na2SiO3: Microscopic and statistical study
Authors: Shimizu Masahiro , Cormack Alastair N. , Wang Liaoyuan , Nishi Masayuki , Hirao Kazuyuki , Shimotsuma Yasuhiko , Miura Kiyotaka 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe study of the bond breaking and formation processes, that is, the chemical reaction, in the Si–O network structure in liquid alkali silicates at temperatures around or higher than the glass‐transition temperature is important for understanding kinetic processes such as the structural relaxation of the network, viscous flow, and diffusion of the network former ions. Herein, novel methods for analyzing the reactions in a molecular‐dynamics‐modeled liquid Na2SiO3 were used to confirm the following results: (a) the substitutional reactions (in which a nonbridging O ion of a Si–O chain or a SiO4 tetrahedron attacks the Si ion of another chain from backside of a bridging O ion, which acts as the leaving group, and the bridging O leaves the Si ion) primarily occur in the Si–O network of liquid Na2SiO3; and (b) The abundance ratio of Qn species can be quantitatively reproduced by the reaction rate.
Strategies for overcoming language barriers in research
Authors: Squires Allison , Sadarangani Tina , Jones Simon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThis paper seeks to describe best practices for conducting cross‐language research with individuals who have a language barrier.DesignDiscussion paper.Data SourcesResearch methods papers addressing cross‐language research issues published between 2000–2017.Implications for NursingRigorous cross‐language research involves the appropriate use of interpreters during the research process, systematic planning for how to address the language barrier between participant and researcher and the use of reliably and validly translated survey instruments (when applicable). Biases rooted in those who enter data into “big data” systems may influence data quality and analytic approaches in large observational studies focused on linking patient language preference to health outcomes.ConclusionCross‐language research methods can help ensure that those individuals with language barriers have their voices contributing to the evidence informing healthcare practice and policies that shape health services implementation and financing. Understanding the inherent conscious and unconscious biases of those conducting research with this population and how this may emerge in research studies is also an important part of producing rigorous, reliable, and valid cross‐language research.Impact

This study synthesized methodological recommendations for cross‐language research studies with the goal to improve the quality of future research and expand the evidence‐base for clinical practice.

Clear methodological recommendations were generated that can improve research rigor and quality of cross‐language qualitative and quantitative studies.

The recommendations generated here have the potential to have an impact on the health and well‐being of migrants around the world.
Prevalence of pressure injury among Chinese community‐dwelling older people and its risk factors: A national survey based on Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Cai Ji‐Yu , Zha Man‐Li , Yuan Bao‐Fang , Xie Qian , Chen Hong‐Lin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the distribution of pressure injuries among older adults in China and to identify the associated risk factors.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThe identified subjects were collected from 2012 wave of a national Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Older people were defined as being 65 years of age or older. We used chi‐square test and binary logistic regression to investigate the risk factors of pressure injury development.ResultsA total of 55 older people were documented as suffering from pressure injuries among 6,961 older Chinese adults, with a prevalence of 0.8%. In the group of disability, the prevalence of pressure injuries from high to low was 3.6% in the highly limited group, 0.4% in the moderately limited group, and 0.3% in the not limited group. The prevalence of pressure injury among older people with stroke, cancer, and dementia were 2%, 4.2%, and 6.6%, respectively. According to the final binary logistic regression analysis, age, disability, incontinence, cancer, and dementia emerged as important risk factors for pressure injury development.ConclusionPressure injury among Chinese community‐dwelling aged people was shown to be associated with age, disability, incontinence, cancer, and dementia. As the development of pressure injury may distinctly increase the burden on individuals and healthcare systems, the social and related institutions should actively prevent and control the disease.ImpactThe results of this study will improve the identification of pressure injury among older Chinese people and contribute to the development of effective pressure injury risk management interventions.
Evaluation of a WeChat‐based life review programme for cancer patients: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Xiao Huimin , Chen Ying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the feasibility and effects of the WeChat‐based life review programme on anxiety, depression, self‐transcendence, meaning in life and hope among cancer patients.BackgroundLife review is effective in improving the psychospiritual well‐being of palliative patients. However, traditional life review programmes are limitedly applied in clinical practice.DesignA non‐concurrent controlled quasi‐experimental design.MethodsNinety‐two cancer patients were recruited from April 2017 – February 2018, with 44 patients in the control group receiving routine care and 48 in the experimental group receiving a 6‐week WeChat‐based life review programme plus routine care. Compliance with the programme, difficulty in participation and satisfaction with the programme were used to explore its feasibility. Anxiety, depression, self‐transcendence, meaning in life and hope were measured at baseline and immediately after the programme.ResultsAll experimental participants who completed the programme used the WeChat platform; 39 participants had no difficulties in operating the platform and 40 were satisfied with the programme. Statistically significant effects were identified on anxiety, depression and self‐transcendence. An increase in the levels of meaning in life and hope was observed in the experimental group after the programme.Conclusion and impactThe innovative WeChat‐based life review programme is an effective non‐pharmacological intervention in improving psychospiritual well‐being of community‐dwelling cancer patients. It could be integrated into transitional care for cancer patients. Future research with rigorous design is necessary to test the effects online life reviews among cancer patients.Trial registrationThis study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No: ChiCTR‐IOR‐17011998).
HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis uptake by advanced practice nurses: Interplay of agency, community and attitudinal factors
Authors: Jayawardene Wasantha , Carter Gregory , Agley Jon , Meyerson Beth , Garcia Justin R. , Miller Wendy 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo identify associations among agency, community, personal and attitudinal factors that affect advanced practice nurses’ uptake of HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis, an intervention consists of emtricitabine/tenofovir once‐daily pill, along with sexual risk reduction education.DesignCross‐sectional.MethodsDuring March‐May 2017, randomly selected Indiana advanced practice nurses were invited to complete an online survey, consisted of several validated self‐rating measures (N = 1,358; response = 32.3%). Final sample (N = 369) was predominantly White, non‐Hispanic, female advanced practice nurses in urban practices (mean age = 46). Conceptual model for structural equation model included 29 original/composite variables and five latent factors.ResultsFinal model consisted of 11 variables and four factors: agency, community, HIV prevention practices (including screening) and motivation to adopt evidence‐based practices overall. Community had direct effects on HIV prevention practices (estimate = 0.28) and agency (estimate = 0.29). Agency had direct effects on HIV prevention practices (estimate = 0.74) and motivation to adopt evidence‐based practices (estimate = 0.24). Community had indirect effects, through agency, on the two remaining factors.ConclusionBarriers exist against pre‐exposure prophylaxis implementation, although practice guidelines are available. HIV prevention practices must be integrated across organizational structures, especially in high‐risk communities, whereas practice change is more effective when focused on changing providers’ attitudes towards intervention. When planning a pre‐exposure prophylaxis intervention, advancing inputs from healthcare professionals, organizational leadership and community members, is crucial to success.ImpactIn settings where advanced practice nurses are primary contact points for health care, they may be best positioned to have an impact on implementation of HIV risk reduction strategies. Further research is needed to optimize their contributions to pre‐exposure prophylaxis implementation.
The impact of assault by vitriolage on quality of life: Integrative review
Authors: Didcott Sarah , Taylor Julie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo analyse quality of life post vitriolage and explore factors affecting an individual's everyday functioning after an acid attack.DesignIntegrative review.Data SourcesArticles (N = 570) retrieved from Medline, CINAHL Embase and Psychinfo between 2004–2017. Reference chaining and hand‐searching yielded 12 further articles. A total 12 articles were reviewed.Review MethodsWhittemore and Knalf (2005) Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52, 546–553.ResultsFive themes were identified; contextual factors, physical wounds, psychological wounds, social wounds, and legal factors, as demonstrated by a conceptual model exploring traumatic events experienced by survivors.ConclusionThe event, the burn injury itself, scarring and ocular damage are core factors that impair quality of life. Patients find it difficult to reintegrate into society following the assault and discrepancies between medico‐legal and social services further prevent them from achieving their pre‐morbid level of functioning. Nurses can use the biopsychosocial findings of this review to provide effective care for those assaulted by acid. It also provides a basis of discussion and application to other permanently disfiguring conditions and intentional injuries.ImpactThis review has found survivors of acid assaults experience legal, physical, psychological, and social problems. Findings suggest that no single person will have the same experiences since the burden of injury is dependent on socio‐cultural and contextual factors rather than the degree of injury alone. Inadequate coordination between multidisciplinary services hinders reintegration into society; causing permanent traumatization for some survivors. This review can assist nurses in understanding how acid assaults impact on quality of life to enable more holistic care provision.
Transitioning to adulthood with a mild intellectual disability—Young people's experiences, expectations and aspirations
Authors: Salt Emily , Melville Craig , Jahoda Andrew 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimVery little attention has been paid to the views and experiences of young people with mild intellectual disabilities on the broad topics of adulthood and adult identity. The following study was undertaken to explore how young adults with mild intellectual disabilities conceptualize, relate to, and experience the process of transition.MethodEight young adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities participated in semi‐structured interviews. Results were analysed using interpretive thematic analysis.ResultsTwo umbrella themes were identified: “On a developmental pathway” and “Negotiations in the environment”.ConclusionsThe participants concerns were surprisingly similar to those commonly expressed by young adults without disabilities. Self‐perceived adult identity appeared to be affected by the participants' personal definitions of adulthood, as well as by social comparisons with both peers and adults. Finally, while concerns were expressed about their capacity to cope with responsibility, most felt optimistic about adopting full adult status in the future.