bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorimotor Exercises and Enhanced Trunk Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mueller Steffen , Engel Tilman , Mueller Juliane , Stoll Josefine , Baur Heiner , Mayer Frank 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 6-week sensorimotor or resistance training on maximum trunk strength and response to sudden, high-intensity loading in athletes.Forty-three healthy, well-trained participants were randomized into sensorimotor (SMT; n=11), resistance training (RT; n=16) and control groups (CG; n=16). Treatment groups received either sensorimotor training (SMT) or resistance training (RT) for 6 weeks, 3 times a week. At baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention, participants' maximum isokinetic strength in trunk rotation and extension was tested (concentric/eccentric 30°/s). In addition, sudden, high-intensity trunk loading was assessed for eccentric extension and rotation, with additional perturbation. Peak torque [Nm] was calculated as the outcome.Interventions showed no significant difference for maximum strength in concentric and eccentric testing (p>0.05). For perturbation compensation, higher peak torque response following SMT (Extension: +24 Nm 95%CI±19 Nm; Rotation: +19 Nm 95%CI±13 Nm) and RT (Extension: +35 Nm 95%CI±16 Nm; Rotation: +5 Nm 95%CI±4 Nm) compared to CG (Extension: -4 Nm 95%CI±16 Nm; Rotation: -2 Nm 95%CI±4 Nm) was present (p<0.05).This study showed that isokinetic strength gains were small, but that significant improvements in high-intensity trunk loading response could be shown for both interventions. Therefore, depending on the individual's preference, therapists have two treatment options to enhance trunk function for back pain prevention.
Implementierung eines Roboterprogramms in der Viszeralchirurgie – Erfahrungen eines deutschen Zentrums
Authors: Brunner Maximilian , Matzel Klaus , Aladashvili Archil , Krautz Christian , Grützmann Robert , Croner Roland 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Roboterassistierte Operationen nehmen in der Viszeralchirurgie eine zunehmende Bedeutung ein. Wir beschreiben die Implementierung eines Roboterprogramms an einem deutschen Zentrum für Viszeralchirurgie mit dem Fokus auf Machbarkeit, Sicherheit, Patientenauswahl, Lernkurve, finanzielle Aspekte und eigene Erfahrungen aus den ersten 5 Jahren Roboterchirurgie.
Patienten und Methoden Daten über Patientendemografien, intra- und postoperative Parameter, onkologische Ergebnisse und Kosten aller roboterassistierten viszeralchirurgischen Operationen, die von August 2012 bis Dezember 2016 an unserer Klinik durchgeführt wurden, wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Mögliche Faktoren für eine präoperative Patientenselektion, welche die intra- oder postoperativen Ergebnisse beeinflussen könnten, wurden ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Im genannten Zeitraum wurden insgesamt 81 roboterassistierte Operationen durchgeführt (vor allem kolorektale Resektionen [n = 35], ventrale Netzrektopexien [n = 23] und Leberresektionen [n = 18]). Die Konversionsrate lag bei 7%. Bei allen onkologischen Patienten konnte eine R0-Resektion erreicht werden. Die postoperative Verweildauer betrug 8,8 Tage, die Morbidität 24% mit einem Anteil von Majorkomplikationen (Clavien-Dindo > II) von 7% sowie die Mortalität 0%. Ein BMI von über 33,5 kg/m2 war mit einer signifikant höheren Morbidität (p = 0,024) und Majorkomplikationsrate (p = 0,046) sowie einer längeren Hospitalisierung (p = 0,009) assoziiert. Patienten mit einem Alter von über 65 Jahren wiesen eine signifikant höhere Morbidität (p = 0,025) auf. Mit zunehmender Anzahl an Operationen sank die Operationszeit (p = 0,001). Die durchschnittlichen Kosten einer roboterassistierten Operation einschließlich des Krankenhausaufenthalts betrugen 15 221 €. Die Kosten bei roboterasisstierten Sigmaresektionen bzw. Leberresektionen waren im Vergleich zum offenen Vorgehen um 106,8 bzw. 62,8% und im Vergleich zum laparoskopischen Vorgehen um 93,5 bzw. 66,5% höher.
Schlussfolgerung Die Durchführung roboterassistierter kolorektaler Resektionen, ventraler Netzrektopexien und Leberresektionen ist sicher machbar. Eine entscheidende Rolle bei der erfolgreichen und sicheren Durchführung von roboterassistierten Operationen stellt insbesondere während der Implementierungsphase eine sorgfältige Patientenauswahl dar. Zudem müssen die unvermeidliche Lernkurve, die notwendige Spezialisierung des gesamten Teams sowie die im Vergleich zur offenen und laparoskopischen Chirurgie höheren Kosten beachtet werden.
Gibt es Veränderungen in der Qualität bzw. Komplikationshäufigkeit in der Knieendoprothetik durch die Etablierung eines Endoprothesenzetrums?
Authors: Düzgünoglu Muzaffer , Hönle Wolfgang , Scheller Alexander , Schuh Alexander 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Veränderungen der Qualität bzw. Komplikationshäufigkeit in der Knieendoprothetik durch die Etablierung eines Endoprothesenzentrums (EPZ) zu untersuchen.
Material und Methode Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Studie, in der 100 Fälle in dem Jahr vor Einführung des EPZ an unserer Klinik (Gruppe I) mit 100 Fällen in dem Folgejahr nach Einführung des EPZ (Gruppe II) verglichen wurden. Die Daten wurden der elektronischen Patientenakte entnommen bzw. dem Entlassbrief der Rehaklinik. Es wurden die Parameter – die für die Etablierung eines EPZ gefordert sind – „Vorliegen Röntgenaufnahme“ vor der Operation und nach der Operation, „Vorliegen Ganzbeinstandaufnahme prä-OP oder Navigation“, „Vorliegen präoperative Prothesenplanung“, OP-Zeit primäre Knie-TEP im Zentrum < 100 min, periprothetische Infektionen, Auftreten periprothetischer Fissuren/Frakturen, Patientenzufriedenheit mit stationärer Versorgung, Thrombose, Embolie, Sterblichkeit und neurologische Komplikationen festgehalten und analysiert. Zusätzlich wurden der femorotibiale Winkel, der Femurwinkel, der Tibiawinkel und der Tibia-Slope gemessen. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mit dem Programm SPSS 22.0. Es wurde der Kolmogorow-Smirnow-Test, Chi-Quadrat-Test und der Mann-Whitney-U-Test verwendet.
Ergebnisse Bei den perioperativen Komplikationen fanden sich sowohl bei den lokalen als auch den systemischen Komplikationen keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Die OP-Dauer betrug in Gruppe I 82,9 min (Min.: 55, Max.: 141) und in Gruppe II 81,5 min (Min.: 57, Max.: 129; p > 0,05). In Gruppe I betrug bei 20/100 Fällen (20%) die OP-Dauer über 100 Minuten, in Gruppe II bei 13/100 (13%) (p < 0,001). Bei der Analyse des anatomischen femorotibialen Winkels, des Femurwinkels, des Tibiawinkels und des Tibia-Slopes ergaben sich keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Die Patientenzufriedenheit mit dem stationären Aufenthalt wurde in Gruppe I in 62% der Fälle dokumentiert, in Gruppe II in 98% der Fälle (p < 0,001).
Schlussfolgerung Durch die Einführung eines EPZ konnte in der aktuellen Studie nur bei dem Parameter „OP-Dauer über 100 Minuten“ und Vorliegen der Untersuchung der Patientenzufriedenheit eine signifikante Verbesserung erzielt werden, bei der Komplikationshäufigkeit jedoch nicht.
Classification and Microvascular Flap Selection for Anterior Cranial Fossa Reconstruction
Authors: Vargo James , Przylecki Wojciech , Camarata Paul , Andrews Brian 
Published: May 2018

Background Microvascular reconstruction of the anterior cranial fossa (ACF) creates difficult challenges. Reconstructive goals and flap selection vary based on the defect location within the ACF. This study evaluates the feasibility and reliability of free tissue transfer for salvage reconstruction of low, middle, and high ACF defects.
Methods A retrospective review was performed. Reconstructions were anatomically classified as low (anterior skull base), middle (frontal bar/sinus), and high (frontal bone/soft tissue). Subjects were evaluated based on pathologic indication and goal, type of flap used, and complications observed.
Results Eleven flaps in 10 subjects were identified and anatomic sites included: low (n = 5), middle (n = 3), and high (n = 3). Eight of 11 reconstructions utilized osteocutaneous flaps including the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OCRFFF) (n = 7) and fibula (n = 1). Other reconstructions included a split calvarial graft wrapped within a temporoparietal fascia free flap (n = 1), latissimus myocutaneous flap (n = 1), and rectus abdominis myofascial flap (n = 1). All 11 flaps were successful without microvascular compromise. No complications were observed in the high and middle ACF defect groups. Two of five flaps in the low defect group using OCRFFF flaps failed to achieve surgical goals despite demonstrating healthy flaps upon re-exploration. Complications included persistent cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 1) and pneumocephalus (n = 1), requiring flap repositioning in one subject and a second microvascular flap in the second subject to achieve surgical goals.
Conclusion In our experience, osteocutaneous flaps (especially the OCRFFF) are preferred for complete autologous reconstruction of high and middle ACF defects. Low skull base defects are more difficult to reconstruct, and consideration of free muscle flaps (no bone) should be weighed as an option in this anatomic area.
SUPPLEMENTARY COMPARISON COOMET. M.P-S5 of hydraulic gauge pressure standards from 5 MPa to 34 MPa
Authors: Babayev E A , Klenovská Simona , Páviš Richard , Pražák Dominik 
Published: May 2018

This report describes the results of bilateral inter laboratory comparison (BILC) denoted as COOMET.M.P-S5 (also known as supplementary comparison COOMET 723/AZ/17). The comparison measurements between the two participants, Czech Metrology Institute (CMI) (pilot laboratory) and Azerbaijan İnstitute of Metrology (AzMI), started in April 2017 and finished in June 2017. The transfer standards was a digital manometer, Crystal XP 2i with the gauge pressure range (0–34000) kPa.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
SimExTargId: a comprehensive package for real-time LC-MS data acquisition and analysis
Authors: Edmands William M B , Hayes Josie , Rappaport Stephen M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Summary
Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the favored method for untargeted metabolomic analysis of small molecules in biofluids. Here we present SimExTargId, an open-source R package for autonomous analysis of metabolomic data and real-time observation of experimental runs. This simultaneous, fully automated and multi-threaded (optional) package is a wrapper for vendor-independent format conversion (ProteoWizard), xcms- and CAMERA- based peak-picking, MetMSLine-based pre-processing and covariate-based statistical analysis. Users are notified of detrimental instrument drift or errors by email. Also included are two shiny applications, targetId for real-time MS2 target identification, and peakMonitor to monitor targeted metabolites.

Availability and implementation
SimExTargId is publicly available under GNU LGPL v3.0 license at https://github.com/JosieLHayes/simExTargId, which includes a vignette with example data. SimExTargId should be installed on a dedicated data-processing workstation or server that is networked to the LC-MS platform to facilitate MS1 profiling of metabolomic data.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Drone Proliferation and the Challenge of Regulating Dual-Use Technologies
Authors: Schulzke Marcus 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe controversy surrounding military drones has generated many proposals for restricting or prohibiting existing drones, additional autonomous variants that may be created in the future, and the sale of drones to certain markets. Moreover, there is broad interest in regulating military drones, with proposals coming not only from academics but also from NGOs and policymakers. I argue that these proposals generally fail to consider the dual-use character of drones and that they therefore provide inadequate regulatory guidance. Drones are not confined to the military but rather spread across international and domestic security roles, humanitarian relief efforts, and dozens of civilian applications. Drones, their component technologies, the control infrastructure, and the relevant technical expertise would continue to develop under a military-focused regulatory regime as civilian technologies that have the potential to be militarized. I evaluate the prospects of drone regulation with the help of research on other dual-use technologies, while also showing what the study of drones can contribute to that literature. Drones’ ubiquity in nonmilitary roles presents special regulatory challenges beyond those associated with WMDs and missiles, which indicates that strict regulatory controls or international governance frameworks are unlikely to succeed. With this in mind, I further argue that future research should acknowledge that drone proliferation across military and civilian spheres is unavoidable and shift focus to considering how drone warfare may be moderated by countermeasures and institutional pressures.
The Preventable Shunt Revision Rate: A Multicenter Evaluation
Authors: Dave Pooja , Venable Garrett T , Jones Tamekia L , Khan Nickalus R , Albert Gregory W , Chern Joshua J , Wheelus Jennifer L , Governale Lance S , Huntoon Kristin M , Maher Cormac O , Bruzek Amy K , Mangano Francesco T , Mehta Vivek , Beaudoin Wendy , Naftel Robert P , Basem Jade , Whitney Anna , Shimony Nir , Rodriguez Luis F , Vaughn Brandy N , Klimo Paul 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The Preventable Shunt Revision Rate (PSRR) was recently introduced as a novel quality metric.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the PSRR across multiple centers and determine associated variables.

METHODS
Nine participating centers in North America provided at least 2 years of consecutive shunt operations. Index surgery was defined as new shunt implantation, or revision of an existing shunt. For any index surgery that resulted in a reoperation within 90-days, index surgery information (demographic, clinical, and procedural) was collected and a decision made whether the failure was potentially preventable. The 90-day shunt failure rate and PSRR were calculated per institution and combined. Bivariate analyses were performed to evaluate individual effects of each independent variable on preventable shunt failure followed by a final multivariable model using a backward model selection approach.

RESULTS
A total of 5092 shunt operations were performed; 861 failed within 90 days of index operation, resulting in a 16.9% combined 90-day shunt failure rate and 17.6% median failure rate (range, 8.7%-26.9%). Of the failures, 307 were potentially preventable (overall and median 90-day PSRR, 35.7% and 33.9%, respectively; range, 16.1%-55.4%). The most common etiologies of avoidable failure were infection (n = 134, 44%) and proximal catheter malposition (n = 83, 27%). Independent predictors of preventable failure (P < .05) were lack of endoscopy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.26), recent shunt infection (OR = 3.65), shunt type (OR = 2.06) and center.

CONCLUSION
PSRR is variable across institutions, but can be 50% or higher. While the PSRR may never reach zero, this study demonstrates that overall about a third of early failures are potentially preventable.
Importance of Fenestration Size for Definitive Treatment of a Quadrigeminal Arachnoid Cyst: Endoscopic Inspection of the Cyst and Surrounding Anatomy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Lechanoine François , Spennato Pietro , Ruggiero Claudio , Cinalli Giuseppe 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Arachnoid cysts are fluid-filled sacs, located between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane. Their prevalence in children is between 1% and 3%. Quadrigeminal arachnoid cysts represent 1% to 10% of them and are often associated with hydrocephalus, mostly by an obstructive mechanism, explained by compression of the tectum of the midbrain. When an indication for treatment is retained, 3 surgical options are available: microsurgical excision/fenestration, endoscopic fenestration, and shunt placement. Endoscopic treatment is considered the best compromise of definitive treatment with least surgical morbidity, especially because quadrigeminal cysts are located close to the midline, in intimate relationships with basal cisterns and ventricles. We here present the endoscopic treatment of a prenatally diagnosed quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst type III
1
with right lateral extension into the middle cerebral fossa, and associated hydrocephalus, treated at the age of 18 mo.
Step-by-step detail of surgical technique is presented in original anatomic conditions. Restoration of better cerebrospinal fluid pathways being the objective of this surgery, ventriculocystic, and cyst-cisternal fenestrations were made. Secondary obstruction of the cyst occurred a few months later, requiring further endoscopic treatment to obtain a larger fenestration that allowed good long-term clinical and radiological outcome. The key point of this video is to compare the 2 procedures, stressing the importance of the dimension of fenestrations, to ensure a long-term patency of both stomas.
The patient being a child, both parents gave their consent for publication and signed a form.
Microsurgical Resection of Spinal Cord Hemangioblastoma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Pojskić Mirza , Arnautović Kenan I 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This video demonstrates microsurgical resection of spinal cord hemangioblastoma. Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign, highly vascularized tumors classified as grade I according to World Health Organization classification systems. About 3% of all intramedullary tumors are hemangioblastomas.
1,2
Spinal cord hemangioblastomas are either sporadic
3,4
or manifestations of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease in 20% to 45% of patients.
5,6

A 30-year-old male presented with sudden onset urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging showed contrast enhancing intramedullary tumor with adjacent cyst in T11, and syringomyelia extending to C1. Surgical resection followed rules that apply to resection of arteriovascular malformations: coagulation of arterial feeders precedes the coagulation of the draining vein, which is preserved until the end of surgery.
2,4,5,7,8

First, posterior midline myelotomy was performed and the tumor cyst was drained in order to develop a dissection plane. Following this, we continuously separated dorsal nerve roots from the tumor nodule using microsurgical technique. The key step in tumor resection is devascularization of the tumor, achievable in 2 ways.
2,7,9-13
The circumferential detachment of the normal pia from the tumor pia is crucial in developing a plane of dissection. The coagulation and division of arterial feeders while preserving the drainage vein further devascularizes the tumor. Once the tumor mural nodule was detached from the spinal cord, the drainage vein was coagulated last and the tumor was removed. The patient fully recovered from his incontinence and was neurologically intact. Screening for VHL disease was negative.
Written consent was obtained directly from the patient.
A Method for Cranial Nerve XI Silencing During Surgery of the Foramen Magnum Region: Technical Case Report
Authors: Southwell Derek G , Breshears Jonathan D , Lyon William R , McDermott Michael W 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Skull base surgery involves the microdissection and intraoperative monitoring of cranial nerves, including cranial nerve XI (CN XI). Manipulation of CN XI can evoke brisk trapezius contraction, which in turn may disturb the surgical procedure and risk patient safety. Here we describe a method for temporarily silencing CN XI via direct intraoperative application of 1% lidocaine.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
A 41-yr-old woman presented with symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure and obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a hemangioblastoma of the right cerebellar tonsil. A far-lateral suboccipital craniotomy was performed for resection of the lesion. During the initial stages of microdissection, vigorous trapezius contraction compromised the course of the operation. Following exposure of the cranial and cervical portions of CN XI, lidocaine was applied to the course of the exposed nerve. Within 3 min, trapezius electromyography demonstrated neuromuscular silencing, and further manipulation of CN XI did not cause shoulder movements. Approximately 30 min after lidocaine application, trapezius contractions returned, and lidocaine was again applied to re-silence CN XI. Gross total resection of the hemangioblastoma was performed during periods of CN XI inactivation, when trapezius contractions were absent.

CONCLUSION
Direct application of lidocaine to CN XI temporarily silenced neuromuscular activity and prevented unwanted trapezius contraction during skull base microsurgery. This method improved operative safety and efficiency by significantly reducing patient movement due to the unavoidable manipulation of CN XI.
SHORT TERM NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION
Authors: Razak Abdul , Patel Waseemoddin , Durrani Naveed , McDonald Sarah , Shah Prakeshkumar , Mukerji Amit 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Studies have demonstrated heterogeneity in association of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and respiratory outcomes or mortality in preterm infants, largely attributed to effect of gestation and antenatal steroids (survival bias).

OBJECTIVES
To comparatively evaluate mortality and short-term respiratory outcomes in preterm infants < 33 weeks GA born to mothers with and without PIH.

DESIGN/METHODS
This retrospective cohort study of preterm infants younger than 33 weeks’ gestation born between July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2016 was conducted at a tertiary academic hospital. Infants exposed to PIH (exposure) were matched to infants not exposed to PIH (control) in a 1:2 ratio, based on gestation, sex and antenatal steroid exposure status. The primary outcomes were respiratory index (RI), mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). RI was defined as area under curve (AUC) for mean airway pressure and fraction inspired oxygen on invasive ventilation during first 72 hours.

RESULTS
Of 539 infants, 79 (exposure) were matched with 158 infants (control). Infants born to mothers with PIH had lower birth weight, more likely to delivered through caesarean section and less likely to exposed to chorioamnionitis compared to infants born to mothers without PIH. No differences in RI were noted in infants with (median 1854; IQR 186, 13901) or without PIH (median 1359; IQR 210, 11302) (P-value 0.63). On conditional regression analysis, PIH did not predict RI (adjusted risk 1.15; 95% C.I 0.69–1.90; P value 0.594). No association between PIH and death (OR 3.14; 95% C.I 0.76–13.0; P-value 0.11) was identified. PIH was significantly associated with BPD on univariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) 2.29; 95% C.I 1.02–5.17; P-value 0.046), but on regression analysis was not significant (adjusted OR 1.26; 95% C.I 0.38–4.19; P-value 0.7) (Table 1).

CONCLUSION
PIH was not associated with RI, mortality or BPD in this matched cohort. This contradicts from previous studies which may have been influenced with the survival bias. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm our results.