bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Long‐Periodic Loop‐Branched Chain Structure of the Oxonitridophosphate La21P40O46N57, Elucidated by a Combination of TEM and Microfocused Synchrotron Radiation
Authors: Nentwig Markus , Kloß Simon D. , Neudert Lukas , Eisenburger Lucien , Schnick Wolfgang , Oeckler Oliver 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe lanthanum oxonitridophosphate La21P40O46N57 was synthesized by high‐pressure metathesis from partially hydrolysed LiPN2 and LaCl3 at 750–950 °C and 7–9 GPa. The combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and diffraction using microfocused synchrotron radiation revealed a monoclinic crystal structure (space group P21/n, a=14.042(4), b=7.084(3), c=41.404(10) Å, β=97.73(3)° and Z=2), which is characterized by loop‐branched 21 member single chains of P(O,N)4 tetrahedra that extend along [2 0 1]. These chains are related to the loop‐branched dreier single chains with dreier‐ring loops in stillwellite (CeBSiO5). In La21P40O46N57, these chains are characterized by a complex long‐periodic conformation and exhibit disorder that involves La/N and P split positions. This is an extraordinarily long periodicity with respect to branched single chains of tetrahedra. La21P40O46N57 constitutes the first rare‐earth oxonitridophosphate exhibiting a chain structure. Single‐crystal data are consistent with electron and powder X‐ray diffraction.
Unlocking the Drug Potential of the Bryostatin Family: Recent Advances in Product Synthesis and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wu Rongzhen , Chen Hongyu , Chang Ninghui , Xu Yuzhi , Jiao Jiao , Zhang Hailong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBryostatins are a class of naturally occurring macrocyclic lactones with a unique fast developing portfolio of clinical applications, including treatment of AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. This comprehensive account summarizes the recent progress (2014–present) in the development of bryostatins, including their total synthesis and biomedical applications. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of bryostatin 1, the most‐studied analogue to date. This review highlights the synthetic and biological challenges of bryostatins and provides an outlook on their future development.
A DNA Switch for Detecting Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within a Long DNA Sequence Under Denaturing Conditions
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Li Jiuxing , Salena Bruno , Li Yingfu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDNA detection is usually conducted under nondenaturing conditions to favor the formation of Watson–Crick base‐paring interactions. However, although such a setting is excellent for distinguishing a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within short DNA sequences (15–25 nucleotides), it does not offer a good solution to SNP detection within much longer sequences. Here we report on a new detection method capable of detecting SNP in a DNA sequence containing 35–90 nucleotides. This is achieved through incorporating into the recognition DNA sequence a previously discovered DNA molecule that forms a stable G‐quadruplex in the presence of 7 molar urea, a known condition for denaturing DNA structures. The systems are configured to produce both colorimetric and fluorescent signals upon target binding.
Diagnostic colonoscopy completion after abnormal fecal immunochemical testing and quality of tests used at 8 Federally Qualified Health Centers in Southern California: Opportunities for improving screening outcomes
Authors: Bharti Balambal , May Folasade (Fola) Popoola , Nodora Jesse , Martínez María Elena , Moyano Karina , Davis Shauntay L. , Ramers Christian B. , Garcia‐Bigley Felipe , O'Connell Shawne , Ronan Kevin , Barajas Melissa , Gordon Sheree , Diaz Giselle , Ceja Evelyn , Powers Meghan , Arredondo Elva M. , Gupta Samir 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundThe effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) of stool blood depends on high rates of colonoscopy follow‐up for abnormal FITs and the use of high‐quality tests. This study characterized colonoscopy referral and completion among patients with abnormal FITs and the types of FITs implemented in a sample of Southern California Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs).MethodsFQHCs in San Diego, Imperial, and Los Angeles Counties were invited to define a cohort of ≥150 consecutive patients with abnormal FITs in 2015‐2016 and to provide data on sex, insurance status, diagnostic colonoscopy referrals and completion within 6 months of abnormal FITs, and the types (brands) of FITs implemented. The primary outcomes were the proportions with colonoscopy referrals and completion for all patients at each FQHC and in aggregate.ResultsEight FQHCs provided data for 1229 patients with abnormal FITs; 46% were male, and 20% were uninsured. Among patients with abnormal FITs, 89% (1091 of 1229; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87‐0.91) had a colonoscopy referral, and 44% (539 of 1229; 95% CI, 0.41‐0.47) had colonoscopy completion. Across FQHCs, the range for colonoscopy referral was 73% to 96%, and the range for completion was 18% to 57%. Six of the 8 FQHCs (75%) reported FIT brands with limited data to support their effectiveness.ConclusionsIn a sample of Southern California FQHCs, diagnostic colonoscopy completion after abnormal FITs was substantially below the nationally recommended benchmark to achieve 80% completion, and the use of FIT brands with limited data to support their effectiveness was high. These findings suggest a need for policies and multilevel interventions to promote diagnostic colonoscopy among individuals with abnormal FITs and the use of higher quality FITs.
Highly Efficient and Selective Oxidation of Ethanol to Acetaldehyde by a Hybrid Photocatalyst Consisting of SnO2 Nanorod and Rutile TiO2 with Heteroepitaxial Junction
Authors: Awa Kenta , Akashi Ryo , Akita Atsunobu , Naya Shin‐ichi , Kobayashi Hisayoshi , Tada Hiroaki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Hiroaki Tada (Kindai University, Japan). The image shows the heteroepitaxial junction‐induced band bending can enhance the charge separation in nanohybrid photocatalysts. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/cphc.201900632.
Does sexual segregation occur during the nonbreeding period? A comparative analysis in spatial and feeding ecology of three Calonectris shearwaters
Authors: De Felipe Fernanda , Reyes‐González José M. , Militão Teresa , Neves Verónica C. , Bried Joël , Oro Daniel , Ramos Raül , González‐Solís Jacob 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSexual segregation (SS) is widespread among animal taxa, with males and females segregated in distribution, behavior, or feeding ecology but so far, most studies on birds have focused on the breeding period. Outside this period, the relevance of segregation and the potential drivers of its persistence remain elusive, especially in the marine environment, where animals can disperse over vast areas and are not easily observed. We evaluated the degree of SS in spatio‐temporal distribution and phenology, at‐sea behavior, and feeding ecology during the nonbreeding period among three closely related shearwaters: Scopoli's, Cory's, and Cape Verde shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea, C. borealis, and C. edwardsii, respectively). We tracked 179 birds (92 males and 87 females) from 2008 to 2013 using geolocation‐immersion loggers and collected the 13th secondary remige (molted in winter) for stable isotope analyses as a proxy of trophic level and diet. The global nonbreeding distribution did not differ between sexes for the three species, but one specific nonbreeding area was visited only by males. Cory's shearwater males remained in areas closer to the colony in a larger proportion compared to females and returned earlier to the colony, probably to defend their nests. Males presented a slightly lower nocturnal flying activity and slightly (but consistently) higher isotopic values of δ13C and δ15N compared to females. These differences suggest subtle sexual differences in diet and a slightly higher trophic level in males, but the extent to which sexual dimorphism in bill size can determine them remains unclear. Our study showed that SS in ecological niche in seabirds can persist year‐round consistently but at a different extent when comparing the breeding and nonbreeding periods. Based on our findings, we propose that SS in these seabird species might have its origin in an ecological specialization derived from the different roles of males and females during reproduction, rather than from social dominance during the nonbreeding period.
Zika virus knowledge, contraception use, and lessons learned from a Dominican Republic pilot study
Authors: Shaw Rebecca , Baker Elizabeth , Jie Chunfa , Adamian Shant , Andres Sarah , Bachelor Brooke , Hodges Fiona , Mittra Tricia , Viloria Anny Rodriquez 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess knowledge of the Zika virus (ZIKV), use of contraceptives, and sources of health information in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.MethodsOver 4 days in March 2017, a research team traveled to four rural communities in the Dominican Republic to provide healthcare services. Overall, 90 men and women consented to a voluntary verbal 12‐question survey.ResultsOf the participants, 55% were not certain whether ZIKV is transmitted sexually; 75% of participants were either not sure or thought ZIKV was not present in their community. Charlas (informal discussions led by community health workers) were cited as the most common source for public health information. Prevalence of contraceptive use was 26.6% hormonal and 1.1% long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC); 30.0% cited no use of contraception.ConclusionSignificant deficits in ZIKV knowledge, underutilization of LARCs, and socioeconomic factors exist that constrain the application of WHO recommendations for preventing ZIKV infection. Additional and more robust surveys are needed to assess public health education and interventions, critical for disease prevention in communities facing current and future epidemics.
Inhibition profiles of Voriconazole against acetylcholinesterase, α‐glycosidase, and human carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes
Authors: Topal Fevzi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, the inhibitory activity of Voriconazole was measured against some metabolic enzymes, including human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II isoenzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and α‐glycosidase; the results were compared with standard compounds including acetazolamide, tacrine, and acarbose. Half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) values were obtained from the enzyme activity (%)‐[Voriconazole] graphs, whereas Ki values were calculated from the Lineweaver‐Burk graphs. According to the results, the IC50 value of Voriconazole was 40.77 nM for α‐glycosidase, while the mean inhibition constant (Ki) value was 17.47 ± 1.51 nM for α‐glycosidase. The results make an important contribution to drug design and have pharmacological applications. In addition, the Voriconazole compound demonstrated excellent inhibitory effects against AChE and hCA isoforms I and II. Voriconazole had Ki values of 29.13 ± 3.57 nM against hCA I, 15.92 ± 1.90 nM against hCA II, and 10.50 ± 2.46 nM against AChE.
Candidate genes mediated by estrogen‐related receptor γ in pancreatic β cells
Authors: Lei Zhou , JunHui Lv , PeiFeng Li 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecent studies have established the importance of estrogen‐related receptor γ (ERRγ) as a required participant for insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. Key downstream genes of ERRγ remain unclear in the pancreatic β cell. To understand the molecular role of ERRγ and elucidate potential key candidate genes involved in pancreatic β cells, the eukaryotic expression plasmid containing mouse ERRγ was constructed and transfected into NIT‐1 pancreatic β cells. Overexpression of ERRγ was confirmed by quantitative real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. RNA‐seq was conducted to get the gene expression profiling between the overexpression group cells and control cells. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by edgR and subsequently analyzed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. We found that overexpression of ERRγ in pancreatic β cells enables regulation of the expression of certain genes involved in cell apoptosis and mitochondrial function, such as TFPT, Bcl7c, Dap, Thoc6, Ube2d3, ATP5H, MPV17, and NDUFA6. GO analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in apoptotic process, cytoplasm, and protein binding. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that downregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, estrogen signaling pathway, and metabolic pathways. This study helps to further understand and reposition the molecular mechanisms of ERRγ in β cells.
ATGL promotes the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the p‐AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Meiling , Yu Xuegao , Lin Liying , Deng Jiankai , Wang Kanglong , Su Baochang , Xia Yong , Tang Xiaohua , Hong Honghai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAbnormal metabolism, including abnormal lipid metabolism, is a hallmark of cancer cells. Some studies have demonstrated that the lipogenic pathway might promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells has not been elucidated. We evaluated the function of ATGL in hepatocellular carcinoma using methyl azazolyl blue and migration assay through overexpression of ATGL in HepG2 cells. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were used to assess the mechanisms of ATGL in hepatocellular carcinoma. In the current study, we first constructed and transiently transfected ATGL into hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Secondly, we found that ATGL promoted the proliferation of hepatoma cell lines via upregulating the phosphorylation of AKT, but did not affect the metastatic ability of HCC cells. Moreover, the p‐AKT inhibitor significantly eliminated the effect of ATGL on the proliferation of hepatoma carcinoma cells. Taken together, our results indicated that ATGL promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation through upregulation of the AKT signaling pathway.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme gene polymorphism and digestive system cancer risk: A meta‐analysis based on 9656 subjects
Authors: Abdeahad Hossein , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid , Soleimanpour Saman , Ferns Gordon A. , Fiuji Hamid , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Bahrami Afsane , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) is the major regulator of the renin‐angiotensin system, and it has been reported that genetic polymorphisms at this locus are associated with risk in numerous types of human cancers. In the current meta‐analysis, we aimed to evaluate the association between the ACE Gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (DD vs II) and digestive system cancer susceptibility. A total of 19 case‐control studies among 3722 patients with seven different types of cancer were included in this meta‐analysis. In the pooled analysis, the relationship between the ACE I/D polymorphism and digestive system cancer risk was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68‐1.29; P = 0.65; random model). Furthermore, subgroup analyses by cancer type also did not reveal an association between ACE polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.823‐1.58; P = 0.43; random effect model) and gastric cancer (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.51‐1.22; P = 0.28; random effect model). These findings indicate that ACE polymorphisms in the digestive tract may still affect the survival of cancer patients, and future studies into the topic of effect of ACE on cancer prognosis are warranted.
PIWI‐interacting RNA 39980 promotes tumor progression and reduces drug sensitivity in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Roy Jyoti , Das Basudeb , Jain Neha , Mallick Bibekanand 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is the leading pediatric cancer known for its heterogeneity and clinical aggressiveness leading to chemoresistance. Recent evidence in small RNA research has led to the discovery of PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) which work in an orchestrated fashion to modulate gene expression both in homeostatic conditions and abnormalities like cancer including NB. This study aims to decipher the possible role of a repeat‐derived piRNA, piR‐39980 (identified from our previous piRNA profiling study in human NB cell lines) in tumorigenesis of NB cells. piR‐39980, overexpressed in NB cells act as an oncopiR and promotes tumor progression, while its inhibition resulted in reduced viability, invasion as well as the migration of IMR‐32 cells. Interestingly, we observed that inhibition of piRNA induces senescence of NB cells without affecting the classical apoptosis pathway by modulating the expression of JAK3 through target binding. In addition, piR‐39980 was found to desensitize the effect of doxorubicin and inhibit drug‐induced apoptosis. Overall, we report piR‐39980, as the first oncopiR which might serve as a novel therapeutic target for this malignancy.
Reply to “A critical analysis of Vacca, A., Aru, F., and Ollesch, G. (2017). Short‐term impact of coppice management on soil in a Quercus ilex L. stand of Sardinia. Land Degradation & Development, 28(2), 553–565.” by Giadrossich and Guastini
Authors: Vacca Andrea , Aru Francesco , Ollesch Gregor 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn their critical review of Vacca, Aru, and Ollesch (2017), Giadrossich and Guastini noted substantial deficiencies in the research design and methodology, analysis and interpretation of data, and conclusions in the paper that are not supported by the findings. In this reply, we (a) reiterated the aim of our study, (b) provided the evidence that similar research designs are not rare in soil studies, (c) provided the evidence that Giadrossich and Guastini misused our data in their analysis and interpretation, and (d) highlighted that Giadrossich and Guastini used inappropriate citations. Consequently, our findings and conclusions that coppicing has negative short‐term impacts on the soil and that the short‐term soil erosion risk must be considered very high in coppicing management are unaffected by the comments from Giadrossich and Guastini.
Spielzeug und Fracking‐Chemikalie
Authors: Lühken Arnim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGuargel ist die Grundlage der bei Kindern beliebten glibberigen Knetmasse „Slime“. Zudem erhöht es beim Fracking die Viskosität der Pumpflüssigkeit. Damit liefert das Biopolymer jede Menge Stoff für Experimente und Diskussionen im Chemieunterricht.
Improving the modified XFEM for optimal high‐order approximation
Authors: Saxby Ben A. , Hazel Andrew L. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates the accuracy of high‐order extended finite element methods (XFEMs) for the solution of discontinuous problems with both straight and curved weak discontinuities in two dimensions. The modified XFEM, a specific form of the stable generalised finite element method, is found to offer advantages in cost and complexity over other approaches, but suffers from suboptimal rates of convergence due to spurious higher‐order contributions to the approximation space. An improved modified XFEM is presented, with basis functions “corrected” by projecting out higher‐order contributions that cannot be represented by the standard finite element basis. The resulting corrections are independent of the equations being solved and need be pre‐computed only once for geometric elements of a given order. An accurate numerical integration scheme that correctly integrates functions with curved discontinuities is also presented. Optimal rates of convergence are then recovered for Poisson problems with both straight and quadratically curved discontinuities for approximations up to order p ≤ 4. These are the first truly optimal convergence results achieved using the XFEM for a curved weak discontinuity and are also the first optimally convergent results achieved using the modified XFEM for any problem with approximations of order p>1. Almost optimal rates of convergence are recovered for an elastic problem with a circular weak discontinuity for approximations up to order p ≤ 4.
A systematic review of diabetes self‐management education interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Asian Western Pacific (AWP) region
Authors: Mohamed Arbaktun , Staite Emily , Ismail Khalida , Winkley Kirsty 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the effectiveness of educational and/or psychological diabetes self‐management education (DSME) intervention for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Asian Western Pacific (AWP) region.BackgroundTranslational research indicates that DSME is effective; therefore, it is important to look at the AWP region to see what has been implemented and what the potential barriers are for the low integration of DSME. The need for DSME is present, and programmes are being developed. Therefore, focusing a systematic review of DSME research in the AWP region would give a better understanding of which intervention approaches are associated with better clinical outcomes and are culturally acceptable.DesignA systematic review.MethodsA review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies to evaluate the effectiveness of face‐to‐face delivery reporting educational and/or psychological interventions for people with T2DM was implemented. We conducted searches using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed and ASSIA databases between January 1990–June 2018. Studies published in English and non‐English were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data on participant and intervention characteristics. The quality of evidence was rated on predetermined criteria. Main outcomes included glycaemic control (reduction in HbA1c level).ResultsWe included 21 DSME programmes (17 RCTs), while 15 were group‐based approaches. Twelve studies (60%) were categorized as high quality. Three studies (25%) had a moderate (good) effect. Eight trials were effective in improving glycaemic control and reported statistically significant improvements in HbA1c levels. 50% of these were high‐intensity group‐based programmes.
Children with bronchiectasis have poorer lung function than those with cystic fibrosis and do not receive the same standard of care
Authors: Prentice Bernadette J. , Wales Sandy , Doumit Michael , Owens Louisa , Widger John 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildren with cystic fibrosis (CF) are routinely managed in a multidisciplinary clinic at tertiary pediatric centers. However, children with bronchiectasis may not be managed in the same way. We sought to compare the management model and clinical outcomes of children with bronchiectasis with children diagnosed with CF, in a single pediatric center.MethodsWe identified patients with bronchiectasis from hospital medical records at an urban tertiary pediatric hospital and identified a sex‐ and age‐matched CF patient at the same center to compare lung function, nutritional status, frequency of physiotherapy and respiratory physician visits, and number of microbiological samples taken for bacterial culture.ResultsTwenty‐two children with bronchiectasis were identified, mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 11 (3) years. The most common known etiology for bronchiectasis was postinfective (6 of 22) but was unknown in 8 of 22. The cohort with bronchiectasis had poorer lung function (FEV1 mean [SD] percent predicted 78.6 [20.5] vs 94.5 [14.7], P = .005) and had less outpatient reviews by the respiratory physician (P < .001) and respiratory physiotherapist (P < .001) when compared to those with CF. Nutritional parameters did not differ between the groups. Many children (10 of 22, 45%) with bronchiectasis did not have any microbiological respiratory tract samples taken for evaluation.ConclusionChildren with bronchiectasis at this institution have poorer lung function than children with CF, and are deserving of improved multidisciplinary care.