bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Samarium Polyarsenides Derived from Nanoscale Arsenic
Authors: Schoo Christoph , Bestgen Sebastian , Egeberg Alexander , Seibert Jasmin , Konchenko Sergey N. , Feldmann Claus , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractZintl phases of arsenic and molecular compounds containing Zintl‐type polyarsenide ions are of fundamental interest in basic and applied sciences. Unfortunately, the most obvious and reactive arsenic source for the preparation of defined molecular polyarsenide compounds, yellow arsenic As4, is very inconvenient to prepare and neither storable in pure form nor easy to handle. Herein, we present the synthesis and reactivity of elemental As0 nanoparticles (As0Nano, d=7.2±1.8 nm), which were successfully utilized as a reactive arsenic source in reductive f‐element chemistry. Starting from [Cp*2Sm] (Cp*=η5‐C5Me5), the samarium polyarsenide complexes [(Cp*2Sm)2(μ‐η2:η2‐As2)] and [(Cp*2Sm)4As8] were obtained from As0nano, thereby generating the largest molecular polyarsenide of the f‐elements and circumventing the use of As4 in preparative chemistry.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed PIII‐Directed ortho‐C−H Borylation of Arylphosphines
Authors: Wen Jian , Wang Dingyi , Qian Jiasheng , Wang Di , Zhu Chendan , Zhao Yue , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTransition‐metal‐mediated metalation of an aromatic C−H bond that is adjacent to a tertiary phosphine group in arylphosphines via a four‐membered chelate ring was first discovered in 1968. Herein, we overcome a long‐standing problem with the ortho‐C−H activation of arylphosphines in a catalytic fashion. In particular, we developed a rhodium‐catalyzed ortho‐selective C−H borylation of various commercially available arylphosphines with B2pin2 through PIII‐chelation‐assisted C−H activation. This discovery is suggestive of a generic platform that could enable the late‐stage modification of readily accessible arylphosphines.
Profiling of Gene Expression Biomarkers as a Classifier of Methotrexate Nonresponse in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Plant Darren , Maciejewski Mateusz , Smith Samantha , Nair Nisha ,   the Maximising Therapeutic Utility in Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium, the RAMS Study Group, Hyrich Kimme , Ziemek Daniel , Barton Anne , Verstappen Suzanne 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveApproximately 30–40% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who are initially started on low‐dose methotrexate (MTX) will not benefit from the treatment. To date, no reliable biomarkers of MTX inefficacy in RA have been identified. The aim of this study was to analyze whole blood samples from RA patients at 2 time points (pretreatment and 4 weeks following initiation of MTX), to identify gene expression biomarkers of the MTX response.MethodsRA patients who were about to commence treatment with MTX were selected from the Rheumatoid Arthritis Medication Study. Using European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria, 42 patients were categorized as good responders and 43 as nonresponders at 6 months following the initation of MTX treatment. Data on whole blood transcript expression were generated, and supervised machine learning methods were used to predict a EULAR nonresponse. Models in which transcript levels were included were compared to models in which clinical covariates alone (e.g., baseline disease activity, sex) were included. Gene network and ontology analysis was also performed.ResultsBased on the ratio of transcript values (i.e., the difference in log2‐transformed expression values between 4 weeks of treatment and pretreatment), a highly predictive classifier of MTX nonresponse was developed using L2‐regularized logistic regression (mean ± SEM area under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve [AUC] 0.78 ± 0.11). This classifier was superior to models that included clinical covariates (ROC AUC 0.63 ± 0.06). Pathway analysis of gene networks revealed significant overrepresentation of type I interferon signaling pathway genes in nonresponders at pretreatment (P = 2.8 × 10−25) and at 4 weeks after treatment initiation (P = 4.9 × 10−28).ConclusionTesting for changes in gene expression between pretreatment and 4 weeks post–treatment initiation may provide an early classifier of the MTX treatment response in RA patients who are unlikely to benefit from MTX over 6 months. Such patients should, therefore, have their treatment escalated more rapidly, which would thus potentially impact treatment pathways. These findings emphasize the importance of a role for early treatment biomarker monitoring in RA patients started on MTX.
Antimycotic Activity Potentiation of Allium sativum Extract and Silver Nanoparticles against Trichophyton rubrum
Authors: Robles‐Martínez Marissa , González Juan Fernando Cárdenas , Pérez‐Vázquez Francisco Javier , Montejano‐Carrizales Juan Martín , Pérez Elías , Patiño‐Herrera Rosalba 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA natural and biocompatible extract of garlic as a support, decorated with silver nanoparticles, is a proposal to generate an effective antifungal agent against dermatophytes at low concentrations. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a diameter of 26±7 nm were synthesized and their antimycotic activity was examined against Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum), inhibiting 94 % of growth at a concentration of 0.08 mg ml−1. Allium sativum (garlic) extract was also obtained (AsExt), and its MIC was 0.04 mg ml−1. To increase the antifungal capacity of those systems, AsExt was decorated with AgNPs, obtaining AsExt‐AgNPs. Using an AsExt concentration of 0.04 mg ml−1 in independent experiments with concentrations from 0.01 to 0.08 mg ml−1 of AgNPs, it was possible to inhibit T. rubrum at all AgNPs concentrations; it proves a synergistic effect between AgNPs and AsExt. Even if 1 % of the minimum inhibitory concentration of AsExt (0.0004 mg ml−1) is used, it was possible to inhibit T. rubrum at all concentrations of AgNPs, demonstrating the successful antimycotic activity potentiation when combining AsExt and AgNPs.
A novel familial 9q31.2q32 microdeletion: Muscle cramping, somnolence, fatigue, sensorineural hearing loss, pubertal delay, and short stature
Authors: Ramineni Anand K. , Burgess Trent , Cruickshanks Penny , Coman David 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe report a novel 9q31.2q32 (chr9: 109195179‐113974353, hg 18) microdeletion characterized by fatigue, muscle cramps, short stature, delayed puberty, sensorineural hearing loss, and mild developmental delay. Overlapping microdeletions reported in this region also demonstrate facial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, cleft palate, and cardiac valvular abnormalities. In comparing these cases, we suggest critical region of chr9: 109711873‐113407621 (hg 18).
Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydrophosphonylation and Hydrogenation of Aromatic Nitriles Assisted by Lewis Acid
Authors: Islas Rosa E. , García Juventino J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the catalytic hydrophosphonylation of several aromatic nitriles used to synthesize α‐aminophosphonates (α‐APs) using commercially available trialkyl phosphites (P(OR)3, R=Et, iPr, Bu,) and simple and inexpensive nickel chloride (NiCl2.6H2O) as the catalytic precursor. The use of triethylborane (Et3B) as a Lewis acid (LA) was mandatory in order to successfully perform H‐phosphite moiety incorporation at the CN bond of non‐activated benzonitriles (BN) derivatives. Interestingly, when a highly activated BN such as 2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorobenzonitrile (BN‐g) was employed, it was possible to perform the reaction in the absence of an LA using milder reaction conditions. Also, we found that using HP(O)(OiPr)2 as a starting material afforded the aminobisphosphonate derivative with better selectivity than using the method involving P(OiPr)3 as the initial reagent. Remarkably, when using HP(O)(OiPr)2 with an excess of Et3B, the reaction's selectivity completely changed to yield N‐benzyl‐ benzylimine (BBI) and 2,4,5‐triphenylimidazole.
Business contribution to the Sustainable Development Agenda: Organizational factors related to early adoption of SDG reporting
Authors: Rosati Francesco , Faria Lourenço Galvão Diniz 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBusiness can play a critical role in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Contextually, business reporting on the SDGs can support organizations in planning, implementing, measuring, and communicating their SDG efforts. This study investigates the relationship between early adoption of SDG reporting and a series of organizational factors by combining data from two databases—provided by the Global Reporting Initiative and Orbis—to identify the organizations that addressed the SDGs in their sustainability reports and their respective structural characteristics. The study, using a logit model based on data from 408 organizations worldwide, indicates that early adoption of SDG reporting is related to a larger size, a higher level of intangible assets, a higher commitment to sustainability frameworks and external assurance, a higher share of female directors, and a younger board of directors. The study contributes to the academic and practical understanding of factors related to the decision to engage early in new sustainability frameworks and practices.
Twice upon a time: Examining the effect socio‐economic status has on the experience of dyslexia in the United Kingdom
Authors: Macdonald Stephen J. , Deacon Lesley 
Published: January 2019

From the mid‐1990s, there have been a number of campaigns aimed at raising awareness of dyslexia and social inclusion. In conjunction with these campaigns, educational and employment policies have been implemented that advocate inclusive and workplace adjustments for people with dyslexia. This study aims to explore the intersectional relationship between dyslexia and socio‐economic status. The findings analyse adult perceptions of education and employment, which have been shaped by 23 years of social policies promoting anti‐discriminatory practice. The study applies a quantitative approach, which collected data from a national survey conducted from 2015 to 2017. The sample consists of 442 adult participants who reported having dyslexia. The social model of disability has been applied in this study to interpret the data findings from a disability studies perspective. The article suggests that socio‐economic status significantly affects issues of diagnosis, educational, and employment experiences. The findings illustrate an intersectional relationship between socio‐economic status and disability inequalities, which have an effect on the experiences of people with dyslexia in adulthood.
Reduction of temperature influence in stress measurement using surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity
Authors: Kitano Katsuhiko , Murata Yorinobu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStress measurements are required to prevent collapse accidents of structures. Surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity can measure principal stress difference nondestructively and easily. Currently, surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity can measure with high precision using a T‐type surface SH‐wave sensor in ideal environments such as in the laboratory. However, in actual environments, it cannot be measured with high precision due to change in the temperature of the specimen. In this paper, temperature dependence of surface SH‐wave acoustoelastic constants was verified to investigate the influence of specimen temperature on surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity. In addition, the measuring system of surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity using a cross T‐type surface SH‐wave sensor to reduce the influence of specimen temperature was developed.
Cardiac function response to stenting in atherosclerotic renal artery disease with and without heart failure: results from the Carmel study
Authors: Kawarada Osami , Kume Teruyoshi , Zen Kan , Nakamura Shigeru , Hozawa Koji , Akimitsu Tadafumi , Asano Hiroshi , Ando Hiroshi , Yamamoto Yoshito , Yamashita Takehiro , Shinozaki Norihiko , Odashiro Keita , Sato Tadaya , Yuba Kenichiro , Sakanoue Yuji , Uzu Takashi , Okada Kozo , Fitzgerald Peter J. , Honda Yasuhiro , Yasuda Satoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsConsensus‐derived guidelines recommend renal stenting for patients with atherosclerotic renal artery disease (ARAD) and heart failure (HF). The aim of this prospective multi‐centre observational study was to verify our hypothesis that changes in E/e′, an echocardiographic correlate of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure, following renal stenting may differ between ARAD patients with and without HF.Methods and resultsThis study enrolled de novo ARAD patients undergoing renal stenting at 14 institutions. The primary endpoint was the difference in E/e′ change between ARAD patients with and without HF. Clinical and echocardiographic data were prospectively collected at baseline, the day following renal stenting, and 1 month and 6 months afterwards. ARAD patients with HF were defined as patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class 2 and more, or a history of HF hospitalization. A total of 76 patients were included, and 39% were ARAD patients with HF. ARAD patients with HF had significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.028) and higher NYHA functional class (P < 0.001) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) score (P = 0.001) than ARAD patients without HF. Also, ARAD patients with HF had significantly lower LV ejection fraction (P = 0.003) and e′‐velocity (P = 0.003) and higher E/e′ ratio (P = 0.001), left atrial volume index (LAVI) (P = 0.046), LV end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) (P = 0.001), LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV) (P = 0.001), and LV mass index (P = 0.009) than ARAD patients without HF. All procedures were successful. In contrast to blood pressure and renal function, there was a significant interaction in E/e′ (Pinteraction < 0.001) between time and HF, and ARAD patients with HF showed a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in E/e′ albeit those without HF. By the same token, there was a significant interaction in NYHA class (Pinteraction < 0.001), MLHFQ score (Pinteraction = 0.018), E‐velocity (Pinteraction = 0.002), LAVI (Pinteraction = 0.001), LVEDV (Pinteraction = 0.003), and LVESV (Pinteraction = 0.001) between time and HF with a significant improvement in all these variables in ARAD patients with HF (NYHA class, P = 0.001; MLHFQ score, P = 0.002; E‐velocity, P = 0.005; LAVI, P = 0.001; LVEDV, P = 0.017; and LVESV, P = 0.011).ConclusionsChange in LV filling pressure after renal stenting differed between ARAD patients with and without HF, with a significant improvement in LV filling pressure in patients with HF‐ARAD. These unique findings might support clinical cardiac benefits of renal stenting in ARAD patients with HF.
An investigation of ICT development in Myanmar
Authors: Htun Khaing Sandar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA theoretical framework with seven domains of expertise including 131 items associated with technologies and ICT professional knowledge and skills is used to examine the development of ICT in the nation of Myanmar. Data collected from 63 organizations spanning government, education, and private enterprise are analyzed to determine the importance of these items at present and within the next 5 years. The findings are compared with predictions made for technologically developed nations, findings from a previous study in Myanmar, and studies in other developing nations (Thailand and Vietnam). Overall, Myanmar is shown to be at an early stage of development with emphases mainly on the use of ICT for day‐to‐day operational activities. The findings contribute to filling the void of information available about ICT development in Myanmar and are highly relevant to interested organizations in the public and private sectors that are internal or external to Myanmar.
Trends in mortality among ART‐treated HIV‐infected adults in the Asia‐Pacific region between 1999 and 2017: results from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) and Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD) of IeDEA Asia‐Pacific
Authors: Jung In Young , Rupasinghe Dhanushi , Woolley Ian , O'Connor Catherine C , Giles Michelle , Azwa Raja ISR , Choi Jun Yong ,   IeDEA Asia‐Pacific
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionAIDS‐related deaths in people living with HIV/AIDS have been decreasing in number since the introduction of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). However, data on recent causes of death in the Asia‐Pacific region are limited. Hence, we analysed and compared AIDS‐related and non‐AIDS–related mortality in high‐ and low‐income settings in the region.MethodsPatients from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) and Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD) receiving cART between 1999 and 2017 were included. Causes of death verification were based on review of the standardized Cause of Death (CoDe) form designed by the D:A:D group. Cohorts were grouped as AHOD (all high‐income sites), TAHOD‐high (high/upper‐middle income countries) and TAHOD‐low (lower‐middle income countries). TAHOD sites were split into high/upper‐middle income and lower‐middle income country settings based on World Bank classifications. Competing risk regression was used to analyse factors associated with AIDS and non‐AIDS–related mortality.ResultsOf 10,386 patients, 522 died; 187 from AIDS‐related and 335 from non‐AIDS–related causes. The overall incidence rate of deaths during follow‐up was 0.28 per 100 person‐years (/100 PYS) for AIDS and 0.51/100 PYS for non‐AIDS. Analysis indicated that the incidence rate of non‐AIDS mortality decreased from 0.78/100 PYS to 0.37/100 PYS from year groups 2003 to 2007 to 2013 to 2017 (p < 0.001). Similarly, incidence rates of AIDS‐related deaths decreased from 0.51/100 PYS to 0.09/100 PYS from year groups 2003 to 2007 to 2013 to 2017 (p < 0.001). More recent years of follow‐up were associated with reduced hazard for non‐AIDS mortality (2008 to 2012: aSHR (adjusted sub‐hazard ratio) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.96, p = 0.027; 2013 to 2017: aSHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.87, p = 0.004) compared to years 2003 to 2007. The AHOD cohort had almost twice the hazard of non‐AIDS mortality compared to TAHOD‐low (lower‐middle income sites) (aSHR 1.72, 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.46, p = 0.003); there were no differences between cohorts for AIDS‐related mortality (p = 0.834).ConclusionAIDS and non‐AIDS–related mortality rates have decreased over the past years in the Asia‐Pacific region. There is a greater risk for non‐AIDS–associated deaths in the AHOD cohort compared to lower‐middle income settings in TAHOD.
Sphenopalatine artery surgery for refractory idiopathic epistaxis: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kitamura Takahiro , Takenaka Yukinori , Takeda Kazuya , Oya Ryohei , Ashida Naoki , Shimizu Kotaro , Takemura Kazuya , Yamamoto Yoshifumi , Uno Atsuhiko 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesEpistaxis, especially posterior epistaxis, is occasionally refractory to treatment. In these cases, sphenopalatine artery surgeries, including cauterization and ligation, are required. Previous reports have demonstrated treatment results for these procedures but failed to provide high‐level evidence. The aim of this study was to quantify the rates of failure and perioperative complications of these procedures by using a meta‐analysis technique.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases and identified articles regarding epistaxis, sphenopalatine artery ligation, or cauterization. Pooled rebleeding and complication rates were calculated by using a random effects model.ResultsA total of 896 cases of sphenopalatine ligation or cauterization for epistaxis were analyzed. Pooled rebleeding rates for the entire cohort, cauterization group, and ligation group were 13.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.0–17.8, P < 0.001), 7.2% (95% CI 4.6–11.0, P < 0.001), and 15.1% (95% CI 9.8–22.5, P < 0.001), respectively. Pooled perioperative complication rates for the entire cohort, cauterization group, and ligation group were 8.7% (95% CI 4.9–15.1, P < 0.001), 10.2% (95% CI 3.8–24.5, P < 0.001), and 6.4% (95% CI 1.8–20.9, P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionOverall, sphenopalatine surgery for refractory epistaxis is an effective method because of its low rates of failure and complications. Cauterization is more effective than ligation, whereas complications are comparable between the two procedures.Laryngoscope, 129:1731–1736, 2019
Cardiorespiratory motion‐tracking via self‐refocused rosette navigators
Authors: Rigie David , Vahle Thomas , Zhao Tiejun , Czekella Björn , Frohwein Lynn J. , Schäfers Klaus , Boada Fernando E. 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo develop a flexible method for tracking respiratory and cardiac motions throughout MR and PET‐MR body examinations that requires no additional hardware and minimal sequence modification.MethodsThe incorporation of a contrast‐neutral rosette navigator module following the RF excitation allows for robust cardiorespiratory motion tracking with minimal impact on the host sequence. Spatial encoding gradients are applied to the FID signal and the desired motion signals are extracted with a blind source separation technique. This approach is validated with an anthropomorphic, PET‐MR‐compatible motion phantom as well as in 13 human subjects.ResultsBoth respiratory and cardiac motions were reliably extracted from the proposed rosette navigator in phantom and patient studies. In the phantom study, the MR‐derived motion signals were additionally validated against the ground truth measurement of diaphragm displacement and left ventricle model triggering pulse.ConclusionThe proposed method yields accurate respiratory and cardiac motion‐state tracking, requiring only a short (1.76 ms) additional navigator module, which is self‐refocusing and imposes minimal constraints on sequence design.
Association of bone mineral density and fat fraction with magnetic susceptibility in inflamed trabecular bone
Authors: Bray Timothy J.P. , Karsa Anita , Bainbridge Alan , Sakai Naomi , Punwani Shonit , Hall‐Craggs Margaret A. , Shmueli Karin 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and magnetic susceptibility, and between proton density fat fraction and susceptibility, in inflamed trabecular bone.MethodsTwo different phantoms modeling the fat fraction (FF) and BMD values of healthy bone marrow and disease states were scanned using a multiecho gradient echo acquisition at 3T. After correction for fat‐water chemical shift, susceptibility mapping was performed, and susceptibility measurements were compared with BMD and FF values using linear regression. Patients with spondyloarthritis were scanned using the same protocol, and susceptibility values were calculated in areas of inflamed bone (edema) and fat metaplasia, both before and after accounting for the contribution of fat to the total susceptibility.ResultsSusceptibility values in the phantoms were accurately described by a 2D linear function, with a negative correlation between BMD and susceptibility and a positive correlation between FF and susceptibility (adjusted R2 = 0.77; P = 3·10−5). In patients, significant differences in susceptibility were observed between fat metaplasia and normal marrow, but these differences were eliminated by removing the fat contribution to the total susceptibility.ConclusionsBMD and proton density fat fraction both influence the total susceptibility of bone marrow and failure to account for the fat contribution could lead to errors in BMD quantification. We propose a method for removing the fat contribution from the total susceptibility, based on the observed linear relationship between susceptibility and FF. In inflamed bone, the overall increase in susceptibility in areas of fat metaplasia is at least partly due to increased fat content.