bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USFDA-GUIDELINE BASED VALIDATION OF TESTING METHOD FOR RIFAMPICIN IN INDONESIAN SERUM SPECIMEN
Authors: Raharjo Tri Joko , Wahyudi Tri , Sismindari Sismindari 
Published: January 2019

Regarding a new regulation from Indonesia FDA (Badan POM-RI), all new non patent drugs should show bioequivalence with the originator drug prior to registration. Bioequivalence testing (BE-testing) has to be performed to the people that represented of population to which the drug to be administrated. BE testing need a valid bio-analytical method for certain drug target and group of population. This research report specific validation of bio-analysis of Rifampicin in Indonesian serum specimen in order to be used for BE testing. The extraction was performed using acetonitrile while the chromatographic separation was accomplished on a RP 18 column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm), with a mobile phase composed of KH2PO4 10 mM-Acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) and UV detection was set at 333 nm. The method shown specificity compared to blank serum specimen with retention time of rifampicin at 2.1 min. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.06 µg/mL with dynamic range up to 20 µg/mL (R>0.990). Precision of the method was very good with coefficient of variance (CV) 0.58; 7.40 and 5.56% for concentration at 0.06, 5, 15 µg/mL, respectively. Accuracies of the method were 3.22; 1.94; 1.90% for concentration 0.06, 5 and 15 µg/mL respectively. The average recoveries were 97.82, 95.50 and 97.31% for concentration of rifampicin 1, 5 and 5 µg/mL, respectively. The method was also shown reliable result on stability test on freezing-thawing, short-term and long-term stability as well as post preparation stability. Validation result shown that the method was ready to be used for Rifampicin BE testing with Indonesian subject. Keywords: Rifampicin, Validation, USFDA-Guideline
FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF BaBi<sub>4</sub>T<sub>i4</sub>O<sub>15</sub> DOPED WITH Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Ga<sup>3+</sup>, In<sup>3+</sup>, Ta<sup>5+</sup> AURIVILLIUS PHASES
Authors: Rosyidah Afifah , Onggo Djulia , Khairurrijal Khairurrijal , Ismunandar Ismunandar 
Published: January 2019

In recent years, the ferroelectric properties of aurivillius oxides have attracted interest and an extensive amount of work has been done toward the realization of their potential application in nonvolatile memories (FeRAM: ferroelectric random access memory). Recently, we have carried out computer simulation in atomic scale in order to predict the energies associated with the accommodation of aliovalent and isovalent dopants (Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Ta5+) in the aurivillius structure of BaBi4Ti4O15. In this work, the predicted stable phases were synthesized using solid state reactions and their products then were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction method. The cell parameters were determined using Rietveld refinement in orthorhombic system with space group of A21am. Results from the ferroelectric properties measurement of BaBi4Ti4O15 were also presented. The cell parameters for BaBi4Ti4O15 doped with Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+,In3+, Ta5+ were a = 5.47116(4) b = 5.45636(5) c = 41.8649(3) Å; a = 5.47104(4) b = 5.45634(4) c = 41.8640(3) Å; a = 5.47112(4) b = 5.45648(4) c = 41.8643(3) Å; a = 5.47111(4) b = 5.45645(5) c = 41.8649(3) Å; and a = 5.47134(4) b = 5.45588(4) c = 41.8639(5) Å. The ferroelectric properties measurement for BaBi4Ti4O15 doped with Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+,In3+, Ta5+ showed that the Pr = 15.225 mC/cm2, Ec = 33.96 kV/cm; Pr = 15.925 mC/cm2, Ec = 35.724 kV/cm; Pr = 16.625 mC/cm2, Ec = 36.504 kV/cm; Pr = 15.57 mC/cm2, Ec = 32.925 kV/cm; Pr = 17.2827 mC/cm2, Ec = 37.44 kV/cm. Keywords: Aurivillius phase; Rietveld refinement; Ferroelectric properties; BaBi4Ti4O15
METHYL MERCURY PRODUCTION IN NATURAL-COLLECTED SEDIMENT WITH DIFFERENT GEOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Lasut Markus T. , Rares Hardin F. , Yasuda Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2019

Production of methyl mercury (MeHg) has been shown in laboratory experiments using mercuric chloride (HgCl2) compound released into natural-collected sediments with different geochemical conditions. While the HgCl2 concentration was 30 µl of 113 ppm of HgCl2, the geochemical conditions [pH, salinity, total organic content (TOC), sulfur] of sampled sediments were A: 8.20, 0.00 ppt, 1.97%, and 0.92 ppt, respectively; B: 7.90, 2.00 ppt, 4.69%, and 1.98 ppt, respectively; and C: 8.20, 24.00 ppt, 1.32 %, and 90.90 ppt, respectively. A control was set with no HgCl2. Samples and control were incubated in room temperature of 27 ± 1 °C. Observations were done along 9 days with interval of 3 days. While total Hg was measured using mercury analyzer with Cold Vapor-Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophometer (CV-AAS) system, MeHg was measured by using a gas chromatograph with ECD detector after extracted by dithizone-sodium sulfide extraction method. The result shows that MeHg was found in both treatment and control experiments. The concentrations of the MeHg varied according to the geochemical condition of the sampled sediments. Peak production of MeHg occurred on the third day; however, the production was not significantly affected by the incubation time. Optimum production was found inversely related to the pH, in which highest and lowest the pH formed an ineffectively methylated mercury species. The TOC was significantly correlated to the optimum production. Salinity and sulfate contents were found not correlated to the optimum of MeHg production. Keywords: Methyl mercury; methylation process; sediment; biogeochemistry
THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE [Fe(en)<sub>2</sub>(NCS)<sub>2</sub>] COMPLEX WITH REPARAMETERIZED DENSITY FUNCTIONALS
Authors: Male Yusthinus T. , Onggo Djulia , Martoprawiro Muhamad A. , Ismunandar Ismunandar 
Published: January 2019

Quantum chemical studies have been carried out on the Fe(en)2(NCS)2 (en = ethylenediamine) complex both in low and high spin states (S = 0 and S = 2) using hybrid exchange-correlation functional (B3LYP) and non-hybrid method (BLYP). Calculations were performed in vacuum and in methanol to study the effect of cis-trans geometry on the structure and energy difference between low-spin (LS) and high-spin (HS) states of iron (II) complexes. Full geometry optimizations of the complexes show that hybrid method consistently gives higher energy difference between LS and HS states than the nonhybrid methods. Calculations with reparameterized density functional theory that showed more reasonable electronic energy splittings in previous research was also carried out. In addition, the computational study of Fe(en)2(NCS)2 in vacuum and methanol with PCM method showed that the complexes tend to adopt cis geometry. This geometry showed much less charge transfer in the substitutions of NCS- ligands compare to trans geometry. Keywords: Electronic structure, spin states, density functional, frontiers orbitals
THE ADSORPTION OF Pb(II) AND Cr(III) BY POLYPROPYLCALIX[4]ARENE POLYMER
Authors: Utomo Suryadi Budi , Jumina Jumina , Wahyuningsih Tutik Dwi 
Published: January 2019

A research has been conducted to investigate the adsorption behavior of Pb(II) and Cr(III) onto polypropylcalix[4]arene polymer. The polypropylcalix[4]arene polymer was synthesized in the presence of H2SO4 catalyst and chloroform under N2 condition for 5 h using 25-allyloxy-26,27,28-trihydroxycalyx[4]arene as the precursor. The Polymer was obtained as yellow crystal with melting point of 288-290 °C and its relative molecular weight was 44.810 g.mol-1. The application of polypropylcalix[4]arene for trapping heavy metal cations and its adsorption model were examined by stirring the suspension of the calixarene in the sample solutions for various pH, time, and concentration of Pb(II) and Cr(III) solution. Effect of pH on batch experiments for the mentioned ions indicated that the optimum pH for metal binding were 5 for lead(II) and chromium(III). The adsorption model of metal ions on polypropylcalix[4]arene followed both the pseudo second order adsorption of Ho's and Langmuir isotherm adsorption kinetics models with rate constant (k) were 6.81 x 101 min-1 for Pb(II) and 2.64 x 10-2 min-1 for Cr(III). The adsorption equilibrium constant, K, were 5.84 x 105 L.mol-1 for Pb(II) and 4.66 x 105 L.mol-1 for Cr(III). The maximum adsorption capacity of polypropylcalix[4]arene to Pb(II) and Cr(III) were 16.31 and 18.14 mg.g-1 with adsorption energy of 32.90 and 32.34 kJ.mol-1, respectively. Keywords: polypropylcalix[4]arene, adsorption, Pb(II), and Cr(III)
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHYL GALLATE ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF Toona sureni
Authors: Ekaprasada M. Taufik , Nurdin Hazli , Ibrahim Sanusi , Dachriyanus Dachriyanus 
Published: January 2019

An antioxidant compound has been isolated from the leaves of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr. The structure was determined to be methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate), based on UV-vis, FTIR, NMR and MS spectra. The isolated compound exhibited potent antioxidant activity in the α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, with IC50 value 1.02 μg/mL. Keywords: antioxidant activity, methyl gallate, Toona sureni
FRAGMENTATION STUDIES OF </em><em>D</em><em><sup>6,7</sup>-ANHIDROERITROMISIN-A BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROSCOPY (LC-MS)
Authors: Khairan Khairan , Jenie Umar A. , Sudibyo Retno S. 
Published: January 2019

Semisynthesis of D6,7-Anhydroerythromycin-A was done by biomodification technique by addition of 0.2% INH into a culture fermentation of Saccharopolyspora erythraea ATCC 11635 in medium Hutchinson. The aim of this research is to studies of fragmentation pattern from new matabolite of D6,7-Anhydroerythromycin-A by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) and the ionization of mass spectroscopy is use by ESI (Electrospray Ionization) pattern. The FT-IR spectrometric analyzes showed a stretching vibration of C=C conjugated group at wave number 1602.7 cm-1. This C=C conjugated vibration indicated the existence of double bond between C6 and C7 (D6,7), this confirmed that isolate contained D6,7-Anhydroerythromycin-A (the possibility of D6,7 was positive). For complementation, a LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy) analyzes using ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectroscopy) ionization pattern was conducted to the isolate which resulted Quassimolecular ions [M+H]+ of D7,8- and D6,7-Anhydroerythromycin-A. LC-MS spectrogram of the isolate, which gave two peaks of m/z 732.2460 and m/z 716.2522, confirmed that the m/z 732.2460 possibly was D7,8-Anhydroerythromycin-A, while the m/z 716.2502 and m/z 715.2522 possibly were D6,7-Anhydroerythromycin-A. Keywords: isoniazid, enoyl reduction, D6,7-Anhidroeritromisin-A, fragmentation, LC-MS.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION THE NON-SULFIDED METAL CATALYST: Ni/USY and NiMo/USY
Authors: Nugrahaningtyas Khoirina Dwi , Trisunaryanti Wega , Triyono Triyono , Nuryono Nuryono , Widjonarko Dian Maruto , Yusnani Ari , Mulyani Mulyani 
Published: January 2019

The two-new catalysts had been prepared by using the impregnation method according to Nugrahaningtyas [6] and Li [4]. One catalyst is of Nickel (Ni), supported on Ultra Stable Zeolite Y (USY), whereas the other one is NiMo supported on same supporting agent. These new catalysts are expected to be more effective when applied on the hydrotreatment reaction in standpoint of its capabilities on removing the unwanted-heteroatom. Characterization those two types of catalysts then carried out by using the criteria of acidity, porosity and, metal content. The result shows that these non-sulfide catalysts have several good characters that supporting their usefulness in hydrotreatment-catalytic reaction. In addition, catalyst NiMo/USY - 1 performs many ideal criteria as the best functional catalyst. Keywords: Non-sulfided Catalyst, hydro-treating, preparation, characterization
PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY TEST OF CoMo/ZnO CATALYST ON ETHANOL CONVERSION USING STEAM REFORMING METHOD
Authors: Trisunaryanti Wega , Handirofa Handirofa , Triyono Triyono , Purwono Suryo 
Published: January 2019

Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity test of CoMo/ZnO catalyst for steam reforming of ethanol have been investigated. The catalysts preparation was carried out by impregnation of Co and/or Mo onto ZnO sample. Water excess was used in ethanol feed for steam reforming process under mol ratio of ethanol:water (1:10). Characterizations of catalysts were conducted by analysis of metal content using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Determination of catalysts acidity was conducted by gravimetric method of adsorption of pyridine base. Catalytic activity test on ethanol conversion using steam reforming method was conducted in a semi-flow reactor system, at a temperature of 400 oC, for 1.5 h under N2 flow rate of 10 mL/min. Gas product was analyzed by gas chromatograph with TCD system. The results of catalysts characterizations showed that the impregnation of Co and/or Mo metals on ZnO sample increased its acidity and specific surface area. The content of Co in Co/ZnO and CoMo/ZnO catalysts was 1.14 and 0.49 wt%. The Mo content in CoMo/ZnO catalyst was 0.36 wt%. The catalytic activity test result on ethanol conversion showed that the ZnO, Co/ZnO, and CoMo/ZnO catalysts produced gas fraction of 16.73, 28.53, and 35.53 wt%, respectively. The coke production of ZnO, Co/ZnO, and CoMo/ZnO catalysts was 0.86, 0.24, and 0.08 wt%, respectively. The gas products consisted mainly of hydrogen. Keywords: CoMo/ZnO catalyst, steam reforming, ethanol
THE ROLE OF C-METHYL-4,10,16,22-TETRAMETOXY CALIX[4]ARENE AS INHIBITOR OF CALCIUM CARBONATE (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) SCALE FORMATION
Authors: Suharso Suharso , Buhani Buhani , Suhartati Tati 
Published: January 2019

The role of C-methyl-4,10,16,22-tetrametoxy calix[4]arene as inhibitor of calcium carbonate scale formation has been investigated. The result shows that C-methyl-4,10,16,22-tetrametoxy calix[4]arene inhibits a formation of calcium carbobate crystals at a concentration of growth solution of 0.1 M. The ability of C-methyl-4,10,16,22-tetrametoxy calix[4]arene as inhibitor of the formation of calcium carbobate scale is 33-100% in inhibiting growth rate of CaCO3 scale formation. This ability depends on the concentration of C-methyl-4,10,16,22-tetrametoxy calix[4]arene added into growth solution. However, the addition of C-methyl-4,10,16,22-tetrametoxy calix[4]arene at a range of 10-100 ppm is a much enough in inhibiting the growth rate of CaCO3 crystals. Keywords: tetrametoxycalixarene, CaCO3, inhibitor
MEASUREMENT OF DISSOLVED INORGANIC NUTRIENT IN EUPHOTIC ZONE THE BANTEN BAY
Authors: Alianto Alianto , Adiwilaga Enan M. , Damar Ario , Harris Enang 
Published: January 2019

At a few this last years, measurement concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrient is has rapidlyed grow by using various methods. But method anything applied must based on at formation of indicator end of measurement amonia, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate and silicate. At measurement of amonia its indicator is formation of blue indophenol, nitrite formation of pink azo, nitrate formation of yellow colored solution, orthophosphate formation of blue molybdenum, and silicate based on formation of yellows silicomolibdate. The intensity of color that is highly dependent on the concentration of each element. Measurement of amonia blue indophenol intensity perfected concentration in the range 0.206-0.396 mg/L. Measurement nitrite the formation of a pink azo easy imperfect because its low concentration. Intensity measurements nitrate solution yellow perfect concentration in the range 0.128-0.989 mg/L. Measurement of imperfect blue molybdenum intensity orthophosphate because its low concentration. While measuring the formation silicate of yellow silicomolibdate perfect concentration on the range 10.573-26.470 mg/L. As a whole from result of measurement is obtained chemical composition of dissolved inorganic nutrient in euphotic zone the Banten bay is more predominated by silicate 97.27%, nitrate 1.84%, amonia 0.49%, orthophosphate 0.20%, and nitrite 0.18%. Keywords: blue indophenol, pink azo, yellow solution, blue molybdenum, yellow silicomolibdate
DETERMINATION OF MINERAL CONTAIN AND BACTERIA CONTAMINANT ON ORGANIC AND NONORGANIC FRESH VEGETABLES
Authors: Harsojo Harsojo , Mellawati June 
Published: January 2019

The determination of mineral content and bacteria contaminant on fresh vegetable of long bean (Vegan ungulate Wall.), white cabbage (Basic tolerance L.), and lettuce (Lectuca sativa L.) that cultivated by organic and nonorganic system have been done. The mineral content has been analyzed using neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectroscopy method, while bacteria contaminant by total plate count number using Nutrient Agar, Mac Conkey Agar, Baird Parker medium, and Salmonella using selective medium. The results showed that there are some essential mineral such as Fe, Zn, Ca, Co, and nonessential mineral Cd. There is tendency that fresh vegetable that cultivated by organic system contained Fe, Zn, Ca, Co and Cd mineral less than nonorganic. The Zn mineral content in nonorganic of fresh vegetable were higher than the limit of threshold number from Health Department, Republic of Indonesia (2004), while Cd mineral in organic or nonorganic of fresh vegetable were greater then threshold number from Codex Alimentarius Commision. The measurement of bacteria contaminant on organic and nonorganic of fresh vegetables contained aerob, coli, and Staphylococcus bacteria in organic of fresh vegetables were less compared to nonorganic of fresh vegetables. Keywords: mineral, bacteria aerob, coli, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, organic, and nonorganic vegetable, neutron activation
DIFFERENTIAL PULSE ANODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN URANIUM
Authors: Saryati Saryati 
Published: January 2019

The direct determination of some metals impurity in uranium by using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) method at a hanging mercury drop electrode and in a carbonate buffer media was developed. It was found that the carbonate buffer show the strongest affinity for uranium and gives the best separation between the DPASV peaks of heavy metals impurities. The carbonate concentration markedly affects the oxidation and reduction the major and the minor constituents of the uranium samples. In 0.1 M carbonate buffer solution pH 10, copper, bismuth, thalium, lead, cadmium, zinc, could be determined without the removal of the uranium matrix. Recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) of this method was in the range of 174% - 85.2% for recovery and 36.8% - 1.2% for RSD. The larger error of analytical result was obtained for Zn at low concentration. In general, the analytic results error and RSD decreased with increasing metals concentration. Keywords: heavy metal determination, differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, uranium
SYNTHESIS OF POLYEUGENYL OXYACETIC ACID AS A CARRIER TO SEPARATE HEAVY METAL ION Fe (III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), AND Pb(II) THAT USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION METHOD
Authors: Harimu La , Matsjeh Sabirin , Siswanta Dwi , Santosa Sri Juari 
Published: January 2019

Polyeugenyl oxyacetic acid has been synthesized from polyeugenol and chloroacetic acid and applied to separate metal Fe(III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) using solvent extraction method. pH effect, polyeugenyl oxyacetic acid ion carrier concentration, extraction time, and metal concentration optimized to gain optimum condition. The result of experiment indicated that polyeugenyl oxyacetic acid resulted the yellowed brown synthesis with melting point 125 °C and yield 68.9%. The Characterization of spectroscopy IR attributed by absorption to the area 1735,8 cm -1 as carbonyl extend vibration (C=O) acid and 1H-NMR that was attributed by chemical shift at 4.6 ppm as carboxy proton (CH2-C=0). The metal separation optimum condition gained pH 3-6 for ion Fe(III), pH 5 for ion Cr(III), Ni(II), and Co(II) and pH 6 for ion Cu(II), and Pb(II). Optimum carrier concentraction 5 mL, 10 mL, and 15 mL for ion Fe(III), and ion Cr(III), Ni(II), Co(II), and ion Cu(II), Pb(II) respectively. Extraction time 2.5 h for ion Fe(III), 20 h for ion Cr(III), and 36 h for ion Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), and Co(II). Metal concentration that would extracted correctly (0.75-5 x 10-4 M) for ion Fe(III), (0.75-2.5 x 10-4 M) for ion Cr(III), Ni(II), and Co(II) and (0.75-1 x 10-4 M) for ion Cu(II) and Pb(II). The best polyeugenil oxyacetic acid response to separate ion Fe(III) than other ions with selectivity order Fe(III)> Cr(III)> Cu(II)> Pb(II)> Ni(II)> Co(II). Keywords: polyeugenil oxyacetic acid, pH, extraction time, metal concentraction, solvent extraction
PHENOLIC COMPOUND FROM THE STEM BARK OF MANGGIS HUTAN (Garcinia bancana Miq.) AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Muharni Muharni , Supriyatna Supriyatna , Bahti Husein H. , Dachriyanus Dachriyanus 
Published: January 2019

A phenolic compoud, (-)-epicatechin, was isolated from the stem bark of Garcinia bancana. The structure of this compound was determined base on spectroscopic data such as including UV, IR, 1-D, 2-D NMR, and comparison with the reported data. Biological activity of this compound at free radical scavenging activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and inhibitory xanthine oxidase(XO) activity showed that (-)- epicathechin active at two methods with IC50 value 8.1 and 8.6 mg/mL respectively. Keywords: phenolic, (-)-epicatechin, Garcinia bancana, DPPH, XO
POTENCY OF AMINO ACIDS AS SAVORY FRACTION FROM VEGETABLE BROTH OF MUNG BEANS (Phaseolus radiatus L.) THROUGH BRINE FERMENTATION BY Rhizopus-C<sub>1</sub>
Authors: Susilowati Agustine , Aspiyanto Aspiyanto , Moerniati Sri , Maryati Yati 
Published: January 2019

Amino acids produced through brine fermentation of mung beans (Phaseolus radiatus sp) by inoculum of Rhizopus-C1 at room temperature for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks, respectively had a potential use as savory fraction for seasoning agent. The objective of this experiment was to find out characteristic of produced amino acids and composition of fermentation products relating with proteolitic and amylolitic activities of Rhizopus-C1. The result of experiment showed that the length of fermentation time would increase intensity of savory taste and cloudy color, and increase total protein, soluble protein, and N-amino concentrations, decrease water, while fat concentration was constant. Fermentation of 10 weeks was optimal time to get crude broth with concentrations of total protein of 9.5622%, soluble protein of 8.5 mg/g, N-amino of 5.6 mg/g, fat of 0.2802%, water of 40.7189%, Volatile Reduction Substances (VRS) of 90 µeq/g, and reduction sugar of 672.5 mg/mL. Kinds of dominant non-essential amino acids produced were glutamic acid (1.014%), and aspartic acid (0.507 %), while essential amino acids were lysine (0.474%), and isoleucine (0.644%). The other of amino acids were resulted with concentration of 0.211 - 0.345%, such as leucine, arginine, serine, glycine, histidine, alanine, proline, tyrosine, valine, methionine, cystine, threonine, and phenilalanine. Visually, crude vegetable broth produced through brine fermentation of mung beans by Rhizopus sp-C1 was semi solid, brownish color, rather fatty, salty, and enough strong savory taste. Keywords: Amino acids, brine fermentation, mung beans broth, Rhizopus-C1, savory fraction