bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simvastatin alleviates bone resorption in apical periodontitis possibly by inhibition of mitophagy‐related osteoblast apoptosis
Authors: Yang C.‐N. , Kok S.‐H. , Wang H.‐W. , Chang J. Z.‐C. , Lai E. H.‐H. , Shun C.‐T. , Yang H. , Chen M.‐H. , Hong C.‐Y. , Lin S.‐K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo assess the connection between mitophagy and hypoxia‐induced apoptosis in osteoblasts and whether simvastatin alleviates bone resorption in apical periodontitis through modulation of mitophagy‐related apoptosis.MethodologyHypoxia‐induced generation of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated, respectively, by MitoSOX and JC‐1 fluorescence dye signalling. Accumulation of mitophagy markers PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin in mitochondria was examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Osteoblast apoptosis was assessed by Western analysis of cleaved‐poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP). In a rat model of induced apical periodontitis, the therapeutic effect of simvastatin and its action on osteoblast mitophagy and apoptosis were examined. anova, Fisher's and Student's t‐test were used for data analysis.ResultsHypoxia‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and stimulated mitophagy in osteoblasts. Hypoxia also provoked apoptosis in osteoblasts and inhibition of mitophagy decreased hypoxia‐augmented apoptotic activity. Simvastatin alleviated hypoxia‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy and apoptosis. The protective action of simvastatin against apoptosis was related to its antimitophagy activity. Experiments in the rat model of induced apical periodontitis supported the laboratory findings. Simvastatin treatment mitigated periapical bone loss and reduced the activities of apoptosis and mitophagy in regional osteoblasts.ConclusionsThe results suggest that modulation of osteoblast mitophagy may help diminish bone loss associated with inflammation and has potential as an auxiliary therapy for apical periodontitis.
Feasible glass‐melting process assisted by microwaves
Authors: Reinosa Julián Jiménez , García‐Baños Beatriz , Catalá‐Civera José Manuel , López‐Buendía Ángel M. , Guaita Luis , Fernández Jose F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe advantages of microwave (MW) energy processing have been verified in the sintering of a ceramic frit at a pre‐industrial scale. The challenge of achieving high temperature using MW energy at such dimensions was overcome and a mix of natural raw materials was heated until its fluxing point. Changes in dielectric properties of the raw materials mix were also measured in situ with the increase in temperature, being in accordance to thermal processes of a conventional heating process. The properties of the resulting ceramic frit were compared with the same frit obtained by the conventional sintering method. Both frits showed similar thermal behavior regarding DTA‐TGA, heating microscopy and XRD (only glassy phase was present). A Raman study confirms the existence of the mentioned glass phase. The application of the frits as glazes were performed and their properties were studied. As a result, glazes with similar properties were obtained which confirms that the MW energy processed frit is suitable for its application as a ceramic glaze.
Hospital pharmacy technicians practice and perceptions in France and Quebec, Canada
Authors: Roland Christel , Guérin Aurélie , Vaconsin Pascal , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Objectives
To describe practice and perceptions of hospital pharmacy technicians (HPTs) in France and in Quebec, Canada. The secondary objective was to compare both work settings to identify differences.

Methods
Cross-sectional online survey in December 2016 and February 2017. The survey was comprised of four sections: demographic, factors contributing to career choice and satisfaction, perceptions regarding training, skills and recognition and interest in new opportunities. The proportion of responses from respondents in France and Quebec was compared with a chi-squared test.

Key findings
There were 101 respondents from France and 224 from Quebec. In comparison with Quebec respondents, French respondents came from large hospitals (France: 87%, 84/97 versus Quebec: 50%, 112/223, P &lt; 0.001). Few HPTs supported pharmacists’ clinical activities (France: 4%, 4/97 versus Quebec: 29%, 65/222, P &lt; 0.001). A majority of HPTs indicated that working in the healthcare field contributed to their job satisfaction (France: 94%, 87/93 versus Quebec: 90%, 188/209). Respondents found their training sufficient (France: 54%, 49/90 versus Quebec: 78%, 159/205, P &lt; 0.001). However, few identified having access to sufficient continuing education (France: 40%, 36/90 versus Quebec: 29%, 59/205). Not many thought that their job was well recognized in their centre (France: 13%, 12/90 versus Quebec: 13%, 26/203). However, they felt it had a direct impact on the quality of care, especially in Quebec (France: 86%, 77/90 versus Quebec: 98%, 199/203, P &lt; 0.001). The majority was interested in supporting the pharmacists’ clinical activities (France: 91%, 78/86 versus Quebec: 82%, 163/199).

Conclusions
Overall, HTP from France and Quebec shared a satisfaction about their profession. They showed an interest in increased recognition and responsibilities (e.g. training, pharmacist support).
The digitally replicated denture technique: A case report
Authors: Clark Wendy A. , Duqum Ibrahim , Kowalski B. J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveConventional complete denture protocols require several patient appointments with multiple laboratory procedures. There are multiple workflows incorporating digital technology that can expedite the process, whereas increasing predictability. The proposed digitally replicated denture technique (DRDT) demonstrates a predictable workflow for fabricating complete dentures for patients with existing dentures.Clinical ProcedureA patient's existing maxillary and mandibular complete dentures were scanned with an intraoral scanner. The generated STL was then printed using a desktop 3D printer. This served as a custom tray and record base to decrease patient chair time and associated laboratory procedures.ConclusionThe DRDT workflow incorporates digital technology into a complete denture protocol to minimize laboratory steps and chair time when fabricating complete dentures for patients with existing prostheses.Clinical SignificanceThe use of a digitally replicated denture using rapid prototyping can streamline the process of complete denture fabrication for patients with existing dentures.
Relevance of Polypharmacy for Clinical Outcome in Patients Receiving Vitamin K Antagonists
Authors: Eggebrecht Lisa , Nagler Markus , Göbel Sebastian , Lamparter Heidrun , Keller Karsten , Wagner Bianca , Panova‐Noeva Marina , ten Cate Vincent , Bickel Christoph , Lauterbach Michael , Espinola‐Klein Christine , Hardt Roland , Münzel Thomas , Prochaska Jürgen H. , Wild Philipp S. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUNDAlthough polypharmacy is associated with a negative clinical outcome in various settings and commonly observed in patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy, evidence on the relevance for the clinical outcome of anticoagulated patients is currently limited. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of polypharmacy on the clinical outcomes among patients taking phenprocoumon.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGRegular medical care.PARTICIPANTSInformation on 2011 individuals receiving vitamin K antagonists was available for analysis from the prospective multicenter thrombEVAL study.MEASUREMENTSData were obtained from clinical visits, computer‐assisted interviews, and laboratory measurements. Information on clinical outcome was obtained during a 3‐year follow‐up period and subsequently validated via medical records.RESULTSThe prevalence of polypharmacy (five drugs or more) was 84.1% (n = 1691). Quality of anticoagulation therapy assessed by time in therapeutic range was lower in individuals on five to eight drugs and nine drugs or more (70.7% and 64.7%, respectively) compared with subjects without polypharmacy (73.4%). In addition, a significantly higher variability of international normalized ratio measurements was found in the presence of polypharmacy. The cumulative incidence of bleeding, hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality, but not for thromboembolic events, increased across groups of medication. In adjusted Cox regression analysis, polypharmacy is an independent risk factor for bleeding (hazard ratio [HR]≥ 9 drugs vs 1‐4 drugs = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04‐2.52; p = .033); hospitalization (HR≥ 9 drugs vs 1‐4 drugs = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.26‐2.03; p < .001; and all‐cause mortality (HR≥ 9 drugs vs 1‐4 drugs = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.43‐3.27; p < .001) in a dose‐dependent relationship. Per additional drug, bleeding risk was increased by 4%.CONCLUSIONSPolypharmacy influences the quality of anticoagulation therapy and translates into an elevated risk of adverse events in anticoagulated patients. This suggests that additional medication intake in such patients should be critically reviewed by physicians, and it highlights the importance of initiating investigations aimed at reducing multiple medication intake. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:463–470, 2019.
Effect of educational environments on nursing faculty members’ perceptions regarding oral care
Authors: Haresaku Satoru , Kubota Keiko , Miyoshi Maki , Iino Hidechika , Monji Mayumi , Aoki Hisae , Hidaka Tsuyako , Sato Yuka , Mori Yuta , Yamada Miyuki , Yoshikawa Chizuko , Naito Toru 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate nursing faculty members’ perceptions of oral care and to identify the effects of an educational environment on their perceptions.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire regarding oral care was conducted at eight nursing schools in Japan. A total of 156 (71.6%) faculty members participated in this study. Their perceptions of oral care practice were compared by using a statistical analysis according to the length of work experience, teaching field, school, and facility setting (defined as whether the school had an affiliated hospital with a dental department).ResultsAlmost all of the faculty members were nurses and most were female. Almost all perceived that oral care was effective in the prevention of aspiration pneumonia and frailty. There were significant differences by teaching field in the nurses’ perceptions regarding with whom they should collaborate to conduct oral care and there were significant differences by school in the nurses’ perceptions regarding who should provide oral care, where it should be provided, and what kinds of knowledge are important for practice. Perceptions of low involvement in oral care were significantly associated with the schools having an affiliated university hospital with a dental department.ConclusionThere were different perceptions regarding oral care among nursing faculty members and their perceptions might have been affected by their educational environment. Therefore, it is suggested that oral care education should be standardized and nursing faculty members should standardize the curriculum regarding oral care for nursing students.
Fiscal Requirements for Dynamic and Real Determinacies in Economies with Private Provision of Liquidity: A Monetarist Assessment
Authors: GOMIS‐PORQUERAS PEDRO 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe study the impact of fiscal policies on the inherent links between inflation, unemployment, and asset prices in an environment where firms provide liquidity and the central bank follows a constant money growth rate rule. Firms, other than hiring workers, also supply private assets that are not only useful as a store of value but also as collateral. When firms are not taxed and public debt is scarce, the economy is non‐Ricardian so that real indeterminacies can be observed. Moreover, labor market characteristics do not affect the demand for government liabilities. However, when agents face public and private asset scarcity, labor market conditions then impact asset prices and inflation. We further show that irrespective of the type of asset scarcity agents face, when firms are taxed non‐ad valorem, not only the level of tax revenues but also its composition matter for real allocations. Moreover, we show that labor market conditions directly affect the dynamics of all government liabilities and inflation.
Melatonin release by exocytosis in the rat parotid gland
Authors: Isola Michela , Ekström Jörgen , Isola Raffaella , Loy Francesco 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSeveral beneficial effects on oral health are ascribed to melatonin. Due to its lipophilic nature, non‐protein‐bound circulating melatonin is usually thought to enter the saliva by passive diffusion through salivary acinar gland cells. Recently, however, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), melatonin was found in acinar secretory granules of human salivary glands. To test the hypothesis that granular located melatonin is actively discharged into the saliva by exocytosis, i.e. contrary to the general belief, the β‐adrenergic receptor agonist isoprenaline, which causes the degranulation of acinar parotid serous cells, was administered to anaesthetised rats. Sixty minutes after an intravenous bolus injection of isoprenaline (5 mg kg−1), the right parotid gland was removed; pre‐administration, the left control gland had been removed. Samples were processed to demonstrate melatonin reactivity using the immunogold staining method. Morphometric assessment was made using TEM. Gold particles labelling melatonin appeared to be preferentially associated with secretory granules, occurring in their matrix and at membrane level but, notably, it was also associated with vesicles, mitochondria and nuclei. Twenty‐six per cent of the total granular population (per 100 μm2 per cell area) displayed melatonin labelling in the matrix; three‐quarters of this fraction disappeared (P < 0.01) in response to isoprenaline, and melatonin reactivity appeared in dilated lumina. Thus, evidence is provided of an alternative route for melatonin to reach the gland lumen and the oral cavity by active release through exocytosis, a process which is under the influence of parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous activity and is the final event along the so‐called regulated secretory pathway. During its stay in granules, anti‐oxidant melatonin may protect their protein/peptide constituents from damage.
Significant therapeutic response to cysteamine cream in a melasma patient resistant to Kligman's formula
Authors: Kasraee Behrooz , Mansouri Parvin , Farshi Susan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryL‐Cysteamine is a biological antioxidant produced during the coenzyme A metabolism cycle and is naturally present in all mammalian cells. The efficacy of topical cysteamine for the treatment of melasma has been recently shown in two double‐blind, randomized, and placebo‐controlled clinical trials. Herein, we report a 44‐year‐old patient with melasma resistant to Kligman's formula (Pigmanorm cream), who was successfully treated with topical cysteamine as a new depigmenting agent. Skin colorimetric measurements, MASI score determination, and standard photographies after 2 and 4 months of once daily application of cysteamine cream showed a marked improvement of the hyperpigmented lesions. Telangiectasia and perilesional hypopigmentation improved rapidly after the discontinuation of Kligman's formula and starting the treatment with topical cysteamine. After 4 months, the therapeutic results were maintained through a biweekly application regimen of cysteamine cream. The use of cysteamine cream was well tolerated and did not induce any side effects during the 3‐year follow‐up of the patient. Cysteamine is a natural molecule with an excellent safety profile and known antimutagenic, antimelanoma, and anticarcinogenic effects. Considering the high efficacy of cysteamine cream, it is possible that it could replace mutagenic and carcinogenic depigmenting agents such as hydroquinone in near future.
Incidence and risk factors of preterm premature rupture of membranes in singleton pregnancies at Siriraj Hospital
Authors: Sae‐Lin Phatsorn , Wanitpongpan Prapat 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo obtain the incidence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at Siriraj Hospital during 2012–2016 and to identify its possible risk factors in singleton pregnancies.MethodsThis study was a retrospective case–control study. The institutional ethical committee has approved the study. The medical records of eligible cases were reviewed. To assess the risk factors of PPROM, the data of the cases with PPROM in 2016 were compared with the data of pregnant women who did not have PPROM and delivered at term. Fifteen variables of interest were studied.ResultsDuring the 5‐year period, there were 43 727 deliveries at Siriraj Hospital and 1280 (2.93%) cases had PPROM. In 2016, 252 pregnant women were diagnosed PPROM and data of 199 cases were compared with the data of 199 control cases. Mean latency period was 2 days and mean gestational age at birth was 34.7 weeks in PPROM group. Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, poor weight gain and history of previous preterm birth were the factors that significantly associated with PPROM, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.47–7.05), 2.58 (95% CI 1.63–4.07) and 8.81 (95% CI 2.81–28.69), respectively (P < 0.05), while multiparity decreased the risk of PPROM (adjusted OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.23–0.57) (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe incidence of PPROM during 5‐year period was 2.93%. Diabetes mellitus, poor maternal weight gain and history of previous preterm birth significantly increased risk of PPROM while multigravida reduced the risk.
Biological links in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: Discovery via text‐mining PubMed abstracts
Authors: Acharya Aneesha , Li Simin , Liu Xiangqiong , Pelekos George , Ziebolz Dirk , Mattheos Nikos 
Published: December 2018

Background and ObjectivePrimary research concerning molecular pathways that link rheumatoid arthritis with periodontitis is limited. Biomedical literature data mining can offer insights into putative linkage mechanisms toward hypothesis development, based on information discovery. The aim of this study was to explore potential Periodontitis‐Rheumatoid Arthritis biological links by analysing “overlapping” genes reported in biomedical abstracts.Material and MethodsPubMed abstracts for terms: (a) “Periodontitis” or “Periodontal Diseases” (PD), (b) “Rheumatoid arthritis” (RA), and (c) their combination with “AND” (RA+PD), were each text‐mined to extract genes using “Human Genome Nomenclature Committee” (HGNC) symbols. A gene‐set common to RA and PD abstracts was determined (RA∩PD). Gene ontology (GO) profiles of RA∩PD and RA+PD were compared using “GoProfiler.” Minimum order protein‐protein interaction (PPI) and gene‐miRNA networks of “differential genes” between RA∩PD and RA+PD were constructed with “networkAnalyst.”ResultsAmong 1676 genes documented in RA (10 5241 abstracts), and 893 genes in PD (80 982 abstracts), 535 genes were common (RA∩PD), from which 35 genes were also documented in RA+PD (415 abstracts). 41 GO‐terms significantly different between RA∩PD and RA+PD GO profiles represented 38 biological processes including; nitric oxide metabolism, immunoglobulin production, hormonal regulation, catabolic process down‐regulation, and leukocyte proliferation. The 500 differential genes’ PPI and gene‐miRNA networks showed REL, TRAF2, AQP1 genes, and miRNAs 335‐5p, 17‐5p, 93‐5p with genes HMOX1 and SP1 as hub nodes.ConclusionsText‐mining biomedical abstracts revealed potentially shared but un‐investigated links between PD and RA, meriting further research.
Comparison of polyhexanide, cold atmospheric plasma and saline in the treatment of canine bite wounds
Authors: Nolff M. C. , Winter S. , Reese S. , Meyer‐Lindenberg A. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of polyhexanide, cold argon plasma and saline in reducing bacterial bio‐burden in dog bite wounds.Materials and MethodsProspective blinded randomised clinical trial. Dogs were randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups by lottery and bacterial cultures obtained before and after treatment were compared. Bite wounds were surgically debrided and treated with polyhexanide, cold argon plasma or saline lavage. All wounds were cultured three times: directly after debridement, directly after prelavage with 2 mL/cm2 (saline in the saline and cold argon plasma group, or polyhexanide) and following the definitive lavage. Data were analysed using a generalised linear model for ordinal data.ResultsA total of 85 dogs were enrolled in this study (polyhexanide n=29, cold argon plasma n=28, saline n=28). Positive bacterial culture results after debridement were obtained in 53/85 (62.3%) wounds. Polyhexanide and saline lavage significantly reduced the bio‐burden, while cold argon plasma treatment did not. This effect was evident after prelavage when polyhexanide performed significantly better than saline and cold argon plasma as well as after final treatment. No significant differences were detected after prelavage or main treatment between saline and cold argon plasma.Clinical SignificancePolyhexanide lavage achieved the best immediate and ultimate decontamination of bite wounds.
Evaluation of a high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay compared to a first‐generation cardiac troponin I assay in Doberman Pinschers with and without dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Klüser Lena , Maier Elizabeth T. , Wess Gerhard 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundEchocardiography and 24‐hour ECG are the gold standard tests to diagnose dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Doberman Pinschers (DP), but myocardial damage might be detected earlier using a high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs‐cTnI) assay.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare an hs‐cTnI assay (Advia Centaur TnI‐Ultra assay) with a conventional cTnI assay in DP with different stages of DCM and in healthy DP.AnimalsThree hundred forty‐five examinations from 162 DP with and 179 DP without DCM.MethodsProspective longitudinal study. Dogs were allocated into 6 groups based on echocardiographic and 24‐hour ECG criteria: (1) healthy group (179 dogs), (2) last‐normal group (29 dogs), which included dogs that were considered to be healthy at the time of their examination but were assigned to the last‐normal group retrospectively when DCM was diagnosed at their next examination within 1.5 years, (3) only arrhythmias (45 dogs, 119 examinations), (4) only echocardiographic changes (24 dogs, 61 examinations), (5) echocardiographic changes with ventricular premature complexes (41 dogs, 100 examinations), and (6) decompensated (23 dogs, 36 examinations). Hs‐cTnI and conventional cTnI concentration measurements were performed and compared.ResultsA cutoff value of hs‐cTnI concentration >0.113 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 81.2% and a specificity of 73.2% to identify the presence of DCM. The conventional cTnI assay showed a similar test performance, but the hs‐cTnI assay identified more dogs (21/29 dogs, 72%) in the last‐normal group compared to the conventional cTnI test (18/29 dogs, 62%).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe hs‐cTnI is an additional test with good potential to identify early DCM.