bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new proprietary gel containing glabridin, andrographolide, and apolactoferrin improves the appearance of epidermal melasma in adult women: A 6‐month pilot, uncontrolled open‐label study
Authors: Cantelli Mariateresa , Ferrillo Maria , Donnarumma Marianna , Emanuele Enzo , Fabbrocini Gabriella 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMelasma—a localized chronic acquired hypermelanosis—is common in adult women and it is difficult to treat.AimsWe designed a pilot, uncontrolled open‐label study to evaluate the appearance of epidermal melasma after 6 months of twice‐daily application of a nonprescription proprietary gel formulation containing glabridin, andrographolide, and apolactoferrin.Patients/MethodsA total of 40 Caucasian women with epidermal melasma (Fitzpatrick skin types II‐VI) were enrolled. The study endpoints included standardized clinical photography, determination of Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) scores, spectrocolorimeter X‐Rite analysis, in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and self‐assessment of cosmetic acceptability.ResultsAll endpoints showed a statistically significant improvement of epidermal melasma from baseline to the end of the study. There were no dropouts and cosmetic acceptability was rated as excellent by all of the study patients. The only observed adverse event was a mild, transient xerosis (n = 3).ConclusionsFavorable outcomes, as demonstrated by investigator and instrumental assessments, were demonstrated using a proprietary gel for the treatment of epidermal melasma in adult women. Our results need to be confirmed in independent placebo‐controlled studies.
Melatonin safeguards against fatty liver by antagonizing TRAFs‐mediated ASK1 deubiquitination and stabilization in a β‐arrestin‐1 dependent manner
Authors: Li Dong‐Jie , Tong Jie , Li Yong‐Hua , Meng Hong‐Bo , Ji Qing‐Xin , Zhang Guo‐Yan , Zhu Jia‐Hui , Zhang Wen‐Jing , Zeng Fei‐Yan , Huang Gang , Hua Xia , Shen Fu‐Ming , Wang Pei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMelatonin has been previously shown to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we identified a previously unknown regulatory action of melatonin on apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) signaling pathway in the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD. Although melatonin administration did not alter food intake, it significantly alleviated fatty liver phenotypes, including the body weight gain, insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis in a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced NAFLD mouse model (in vivo). The protection of melatonin against NAFLD was not affected by inactivation of Kupffer cell in this model. In NAFLD mice liver, ASK1 signal cascade was substantially activated, evidence by the enhancement of total ASK1, phospho‐ASK1, phospho‐MKK3/6, phospho‐p38, phospho‐MKK4/7, and phospho‐JNK. Melatonin treatment significantly suppressed the ASK1 upregulation and the phosphorylation of ASK1, MKK3/6, MKK4/7, p38, and JNK. Mechanistically, we found that lipid stress triggered the interaction between ASK1 and TNF receptor‐associated factors (TRAFs), including TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF6, which resulted in ASK1 deubiquitination and thereby increased ASK1 protein stability. Melatonin did not alter ASK1 mRNA level; however, it activated a scaffold protein β‐arrestin‐1 and enabled it to bind to ASK1, which antagonized the TRAFs‐mediated ASK1 deubiquitination, and thus reduced ASK1 protein stability. Consistent with these findings, knockout of β‐arrestin‐1 in mice partly abolished the protection of melatonin against NAFLD. Taken together, our results for the first time demonstrate that melatonin safeguards against NAFLD by eliminating ASK1 activation via inhibiting TRAFs‐mediated ASK1 deubiquitination and stabilization in a β‐arrestin‐1 dependent manner.
Early‐predictors of marginal bone loss around morse taper connection implants loaded with single crowns: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Radaelli Manuel T. B. , Federizzi Leonardo , Nascimento Gustavo G. , Leite Fábio R. M. , Boscato Noéli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveFew studies estimated the joint effect of implant design (length and diameter), peri‐implant, and occlusal variables on early marginal bone loss. The monitoring of these factors during the first year after implant loading may be effective in preventing early implant failure. This prospective longitudinal study aimed to identify early‐predictors of marginal bone loss around morse‐tapered connection implants 12 months after implant loading.MethodsParticipants (n = 33) received 109 morse taper implants inserted subcrestally (diameter: 3.5 to 5 mm, length: 6 to 15 mm) loaded with single crowns. Implants were radiographically examined at the implant placement (baseline) and 12 months after prosthetic loading. Implant, peri‐implant, and occlusal‐related independent variables were analyzed by decision tree analysis. Mixed‐effects multilevel analysis was used to estimate adjusted predictive values of marginal bone loss based on the early‐predictors identified in decision tree analysis.ResultsHigher marginal bone loss was observed at mesial (mean of 0.87 mm; ranged from 0.5 to 1.19) than at distal sites (mean of 0.73 mm; ranged from 0.4 to 1.12 mm). The predictive model revealed of the largest marginal bone loss in association with cement‐retained prostheses, a platform diameter of 3.5 mm, papilla sizes up to 2 mm, keratinized mucosa width inferior to 3 mm, implant lengths above 8.5 mm, inadequate occlusal relations, presence of bleeding on probing and deep peri‐implant pocket.ConclusionAs implant dimensions, peri‐implant and occlusal‐related factors were associated with early marginal bone loss around morse taper implant, intervention in these factors might prevent early marginal bone loss.
Genomics detects population structure within and between ocean basins in a circumpolar seabird: The white‐chinned petrel
Authors: Rexer‐Huber Kalinka , Veale Andrew J. , Catry Paulo , Cherel Yves , Dutoit Ludovic , Foster Yasmin , McEwan John C. , Parker Graham C. , Phillips Richard A. , Ryan Peter G. , Stanworth Andrew J. , van Stijn Tracey , Thompson David R. , Waters Jonathan , Robertson Bruce C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Southern Ocean represents a continuous stretch of circumpolar marine habitat, but the potential physical and ecological drivers of evolutionary genetic differentiation across this vast ecosystem remain unclear. We tested for genetic structure across the full circumpolar range of the white‐chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis) to unravel the potential drivers of population differentiation and test alternative population differentiation hypotheses. Following range‐wide comprehensive sampling, we applied genomic (genotyping‐by‐sequencing or GBS; 60,709 loci) and standard mitochondrial‐marker approaches (cytochrome b and first domain of control region) to quantify genetic diversity within and among island populations, test for isolation by distance, and quantify the number of genetic clusters using neutral and outlier (non‐neutral) loci. Our results supported the multi‐region hypothesis, with a range of analyses showing clear three‐region genetic population structure, split by ocean basin, within two evolutionary units. The most significant differentiation between these regions confirmed previous work distinguishing New Zealand and nominate subspecies. Although there was little evidence of structure within the island groups of the Indian or Atlantic oceans, a small set of highly‐discriminatory outlier loci could assign petrels to ocean basin and potentially to island group, though the latter needs further verification. Genomic data hold the key to revealing substantial regional genetic structure within wide‐ranging circumpolar species previously assumed to be panmictic.
Do Central Banks Respond Timely to Developments in the Global Economy?
Authors: Bj⊘rnland Hilde C. , Thorsrud Leif Anders , Zahiri Sepideh Khayati 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOur analysis suggests; they do not! We arrive at this conclusion by showing that revisions to the published interest rate path projections from the central banks in New Zealand, Norway and Sweden can be predicted by timely and forward‐looking international indicators. Furthermore, using individual country and Panel VARs, identified with an external instrument method, we show that the policy surprises induced by the predictable revisions likely contain information about how the central banks assess past, current and future economic conditions and thereby leads to a positive co‐movement between the interest rate and both financial markets and the macroeconomy.
Can oral health and oral‐derived biospecimens predict progression of dementia?
Authors: Orr Miranda E. , Reveles Kelly R. , Yeh Chih‐Ko , Young Eric H. , Han Xianlin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGrowing evidence indicates that oral health and brain health are interconnected. Declining cognition and dementia coincide with lack of self‐preservation, including oral hygiene. The oral microbiota plays an important role in maintaining oral health. Emerging evidence suggests a link between oral dysbiosis and cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This review showcases the recent advances connecting oral health and cognitive function during aging and the potential utility of oral‐derived biospecimens to inform on brain health. Collectively, experimental findings indicate that the connection between oral health and cognition cannot be underestimated; moreover, oral biospecimens are abundant and readily obtainable without invasive procedures, which may help inform on cognitive health.
Exosomes derived from maxillary BMSCs enhanced the osteogenesis in iliac BMSCs
Authors: Li Xiaobei , Zheng Yunfei , Hou Liyu , Zhou Zhibo , Huang Yiping , Zhang Yixin , Jia Lingfei , Li Weiran 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveSecondary alveolar bone grafting is an essential part in the treatment of alveolar cleft deformity. Autologous iliac bone is the most favorable grafting source. However, the factors regulating postoperative bone formation are unclear. Investigations are needed to found whether the alveolar bone niche and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived from the jaw bone (BMSCs‐J) affected the osteogenesis of BMSCs from the ilium (BMSCs‐I).Materials and MethodsThe effect of BMSCs‐J on BMSCs‐I was investigated using a co‐culture model. The exosomes were purified by sequential centrifugation. The osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs was analyzed in vitro and in vivo.ResultsCo‐culture with BMSCs‐J increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining, and osteogenic gene expression in BMSCs‐I. Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis verified the presence of exosomes in the culture supernatants of BMSCs. Exosomes secreted by BMSCs‐J enhanced the ALP activity, ARS staining, osteogenic gene expression of BMSCs‐I in vitro, and new bone formation in vivo. Blocking the secretion of exosomes using siRNA for Rab27a inhibited the effect of BMSCs‐J.ConclusionExosomes played a role in the interaction between BMSCs‐J and BMSCs‐I, thereby leading to the enhanced osteogenic capacity of BMSCs‐I and bone formation.
Measuring behavioral and emotional changes in children following hospitalization: Limitations and future directions
Authors: Uhl Kristen , Cravero Joseph P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPsychological and behavioral changes have been observed and documented in children following medical interventions/hospitalizations. The Posthospital Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ) was created to assess for such changes in youth. Over the past several decades, researchers have used this measure to examine rates and duration of behavior changes as well as relevant risk factors. However, certain limitations to the PHBQ exist that may interfere with its utility. This article advocates for creating an optimized measure with an underlying theoretical framework, clinical cutoffs, and developmental sensitivity in order to better identify and track significant emotional and behavioral changes in youth following hospitalization and surgery.
Epidermal Langerhans cells resistance to solar‐simulated radiation in actinic prurigo patients with low minimal erythema dose
Authors: Valbuena Martha Cecilia , Rolon Cadena Mariam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundActinic prurigo is a chronic photodermatosis of unclear pathogenesis. Epidermal Langerhans cell resistance to migration after ultraviolet radiation exposure has been proposed as a possible mechanism, as occurs in polymorphic light eruption patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of solar‐simulated radiation (SSR) on epidermal Langerhans cells in the uninvolved skin of actinic prurigo patients.Patients and MethodsFifteen patients with actinic prurigo participated in the study. A biopsy from the uninvolved and unirradiated skin of the left buttock was performed, and another from the uninvolved skin of the right buttock, 72 hours after exposure to two MEDs of SSR. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to identify Langerhans cells (CD1a) in all samples.ResultsIn actinic prurigo patients with normal MED, there was a significant decrease in the number of epidermal Langerhans cells on the buttock skin exposed to two MED of SSR compared with the unirradiated buttock skin (P = .02 and .035 respectively). On the contrary, in patients with low MED there were no significant differences in the number of epidermal Langerhans cells between irradiated and unirradiated skin (P = .39).ConclusionEpidermal Langerhans cells migration after ultraviolet radiation exposure is decreased in actinic prurigo patients with low MED as has been reported in PLE patients, especially, those with low MED or positive UVB provocation tests. Langerhans cells resistance could be part of a common pathogenic mechanism in these two photodermatoses.
Zoom-In–Out Joint Graphical Lasso for Different Coarseness Scales
Authors: Pircalabelu Eugen , Claeskens Gerda , Waldorp Lourens J. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryA new method is proposed to estimate graphical models simultaneously from data obtained at different coarseness scales. Starting from a predefined scale the method offers the possibility to zoom in or out over scales on particular edges. The estimated graphs over the different scales have similar structures although their level of sparsity depends on the scale at which estimation takes place. The method makes it possible to evaluate the evolution of the graphs from the coarsest to the finest scale or vice versa. We select an optimal coarseness scale to be used for further analysis. Simulation studies and an application on functional magnetic resonance brain imaging data show the method's performance in practice.
High‐frequency (20 MHz) high‐intensity focused ultrasound system for dermal intervention: A 12‐week local tolerance study in minipigs
Authors: Soegaard Susi , Aarup Vibeke , Serup Jørgen , Bove Torsten , Zawada Tomasz , Jessen Alexander , Poli Mattia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) operating at 20 MHz is new and applicable to skin. Details of use and instrumentation are not documented.Materials and MethodsA GLP compliant 12‐week study of Göttingen minipigs (n = 3) was undertaken. Effects of HIFU treatment at different focal depths, energy levels and field size (single shot vs 5 × 5 multiple shots) were studied. Clinical scoring and histology of treated sites were made.ResultsHigh‐intensity focused ultrasound showed instant and initial effects with wheal and flare responses followed by delayed inflammatory reactions associated with outer skin necrosis, depending on energy dose. HIFU treatment was tunable in the range 0.3‐1.5 J, ablative at higher energy level. Transducers with deeper focal points gave more profound effects, while epidermal effects were comparable. Multiple doses of 5 × 5 shots produced stronger reactions than single dose indicating that nearby applied shots were synergistic. Recovery from single doses was faster than in multidose areas. Clinical scarring at the end point was not seen despite occasional fibrous change of dermis. Findings illustrated intended therapeutic use; no special safety issues of concern were raised.ConclusionThe new 20 MHz HIFU was reproducible, tunable and produced targeted effects in the outer skin, for example instant wheal and flare followed by inflammation and possibly necrosis depending on energy setting. Reactions recovered during the study with only minor findings at study end. No special safety concerns were raised. The method can be controlled and modulated, and it is ready for clinical testing of dermatological disease indications including conditions presently treated with lasers.
Unravelling the root zone of ultramafic‐hosted black smokers‐like hydrothermalism from an Alpine analog
Authors: Coltat Rémi , Branquet Yannick , Gautier Pierre , Campos Rodriguez Hector , Poujol Marc , Pelleter Ewan , McClenaghan Sean , Manatschal Gianreto , Boulvais Philippe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMid‐Ocean Ridges host various types of hydrothermal systems including high‐T black‐smokers found in ultramafic rocks exhumed along slow spreading ridges. These systems are mostly described in two dimensions as their exposure on the present‐day seafloor lacks the vertical dimension. One way to understand these systems at depth is to study their fossilized equivalents preserved on‐land. Such observation can be done in the Platta nappe, Switzerland, where a Jurassic‐aged mineralized system is exposed in 3D. Serpentinites host a Cu‐Fe‐Ni‐Co‐Zn‐rich mineralization made of sulphides, magnetite and Fe‐Ca‐silicates either replacing serpentinites or within stockwork. Fe‐Ca‐silicates, abundant at the deepest levels, vanish in the mineralization close to the palaeo‐detachment. Fluids were channelized along mafic dykes and sills acting as preferential drains. Warm carbonation (~130°C) is the latest hydrothermal record. We propose that this system is an analog to the root zone of present‐day serpentinite‐hosted hydrothermal systems such as those found along the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge.
Strongyloides stercoralis larvae or egg: Which came first?
Authors: Poloni José Antonio Tesser , Zanotelli Maria Lucia , Pedroso Artur de Souza , Trein Márcia Rodrigues , Tasca Tiana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStrongyloides stercoralis (SS) hyperinfection is a well‐documented condition. However, SS eggs in stool samples are not commonly observed during routine analysis. Here, we report a case on SS hyperinfection where both larvae and eggs were observed in the stool sample of an immunossupressed liver allograft transplanted patient.
Treatment of latent TB Infection and the risk of tuberculosis after solid organ transplantation: Comprehensive review
Authors: Abad Cybele Lara R. , Deziel Paul J. , Razonable Raymund R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis disease may occur after treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI). Prompted by a case of reactivation TB disease in a solid organ transplant (SOT) recipient who received LTBI treatment, we reviewed the literature to examine outcomes, adverse effects, resistance, and treatment choices of tuberculosis after LTBI therapy.MethodsMEDLINE and Web of Science from inception to 5/2019 were reviewed using key words “latent tuberculosis infection” and “SOT” or “transplantation.” The search yielded nine cases, 41 cohort studies and six randomized controlled trials (RCT).ResultsCohort and RCT demonstrated significant reduction in TB disease among transplanted patients who received LTBI therapy; only 56/2651 (2.1%) SOT patients developed TB after LTBI therapy. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 149/1148 (12.9%) and 73/641 (11.4%) of cohort and RCT patients, respectively. Among liver recipients, 56/266 (21%) developed side effects, of which half (29/56, 51.8%) was INH‐related. There was no reported INH resistance.ConclusionsLatent TB infection treatment is efficacious in SOT recipients at risk of TB disease. However, tuberculosis may still occur despite LTBI treatment. Hepatotoxicity associated with LTBI therapy is infrequent, although more commonly observed among liver recipients.
A “Cat”‐astrophic Case of Bartonella henselae infective endocarditis followed by cardiac transplantation salvage therapy
Authors: Kuan William , Dulnuan Kenneth , Guglin Maya E. , El Haddad Hanine , Kolodziej Andrew R. , Leventhal Andrew , Rajagopalan Navin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo our knowledge, no cases of Bartonella henselae endocarditis leading to subsequent heart transplantation salvage therapy have been published. We present a case of a 29‐year‐old man with cat‐inflicted B henselae endocarditis and concurrent worsening heart failure, who then underwent successful heart transplantation 50 days following diagnosis. Treatment and monitoring strategies used in this patient are discussed. Furthermore, we review literature related to heart transplantation salvage therapy for endocarditis due to other intracellular pathogens.
Strategies of Deception: Under‐Informativity, Uninformativity, and Lies—Misleading With Different Kinds of Implicature
Authors: Franke Michael , Dulcinati Giulio , Pouscoulous Nausicaa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConversation is often cast as a cooperative effort, and some aspects of it, such as implicatures, have been claimed to depend on an assumption of cooperation (Grice, 1989). But any systematic class of inference derived from assumptions of cooperation, such as implicatures, could also be, on occasion, used to deceive listeners strategically. Here, we explore the extent to which speakers might choose different kinds of implicature triggers in an uncooperative game of communication. Concretely, we present a study in the form of a cooperative or competitive signaling game where communicators can exploit three kinds of implicatures: exact reading of numeral expressions, scalar implicatures linked to the quantifiersomeandad hocscalar implicatures. We compare how these implicatures are used depending on whether the participants' co‐player is cooperative, a strategic opponent, or a non‐strategic opponent. We find that when the strategy of the co‐player is clear to the participants, the three types of implicatures are used to exploit the co‐player's interpretation strategy. Indeed, participants use numeral implicatures as reliably as truth conditional content in all three conditions, while scalar quantifiers andad hocimplicature elicit different strategies. We interpret these findings as evidence that speakers expect their interlocutors to infer implicatures from their utterances even in contexts where they know that they will be perceived as uncooperative.