bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The disposition effect in farmers’ selling behavior: an experimental investigation
Authors: Vollmer Elisabeth , Hermann Daniel , Musshoff Oliver 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe identification of the optimal selling time of stored goods is among the most essential economic decisions on a farm. Beyond monetary aspects, behavioral factors influence farmers’ selling decisions. In financial economics, the disposition effect is a commonly observed phenomenon. It describes the fact that investors hold losing stocks too long, while they sell stocks that gained in value too early. In the context of agriculture, this behavioral bias has not been analyzed thoroughly yet. To close this research gap, we conducted an incentivized online experiment with 112 farmers from Germany. The experimental design was based on a well‐proven experiment from financial economics and adapted to an agricultural decision context where stored goods must be sold. Farmers were provided information on the uncertain price developments. In addition, lotteries were conducted to elicit farmers’ risk attitude, probability weighting, and loss aversion. Results indicate that there is a robust disposition effect in farmers’ selling behavior. Furthermore, more loss‐averse farmers exhibited a higher realization of gains.
Parasympathetic nervous system response to acidosis: Evaluation in an experimental fetal sheep model
Authors: Ghesquière Louise , De Jonckheere Julien , Drumez Elodie , Sharma Dyuti , Aubry Estelle , Deruelle Philippe , Storme Laurent , Houfflin‐Debarge Véronique , Garabedian Charles 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionHeart rate variability and fetal heart rate decelerations are impacted by parasympathetic function and reflect acid‐base status. Our team developed a new heart rate variability index, the fetal stress index (FSI), which has lower interindividual variability and higher sensitivity for detecting fluctuations in parasympathetic nervous system activity. The aim of this study was to explore the ability of the FSI to predict fetal acidosis in a fetal sheep model.Material and methodsRepeated 1‐minute total umbilical cord occlusions (UCOs) were performed every 2.5 minutes over 3 hours to generate fetal acidosis mimicking that which occurs during labor and contractions. Fetal hemodynamic parameters, blood gas, the FSI and the magnitude (from the beginning to the nadir) of the fetal heart rate deceleration were recorded at regular intervals. The data were analyzed over three time intervals because of variation in the duration of the experiments: period A (first 12 UCOs), period B (middle 12 UCOs) and period C (last 12 UCOs).ResultsNine experiments were performed. Acidosis was progressive with a significant difference between the pH, lactate levels and base deficit values for the three periods of occlusion (P < 0.05). Both FSI and the magnitude of fetal heart rate decelerations gradually increased during the UCOs and both differed significantly between periods A and C (P = 0.0008 for FSI and P = 0.003 for deceleration).ConclusionThis experimental protocol allowed the development of progressive acidosis in a good model of the physiology of labor. Parasympathetic nervous system activity increased during acidosis and could be measured using our index, the FSI, and the magnitude of fetal heart rate decelerations.
Efficacy and safety of vitrectomy for congenital cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis based on randomized and controlled trials
Authors: Cao Kai , Wang Jinda , Zhang Jingshang , Yusufu Mayinuer , Jin Shanshan , Hou Simeng , Zhu Guyu , Wang Bingsong , Xiong Ying , Li Jing , Li Xiaoxia , Chai Lijing , He Hailong , Wan Xiu H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeTo explore the effectiveness and safety of vitrectomy for congenital cataract surgery.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Science Direct, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Wanfang Database. Two researchers extracted data and assessed paper quality independently. Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) or visual axis opacification (VAO), reoperation rate, visual acuity, intraocular lenses (IOL) deposit, synechias, uveitis, secondary glaucoma, low‐contrast sensitivity and IOL decentration were compared.ResultsWe included 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 634 congenital cataract eyes. Cases of posterior capsule opacification in vitrectomy group were significantly less than that of control group, with risk ratio (RR) of 0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09, 0.26], and there was no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p = 0.94). Reoperation rate in vitrectomy group was lower than that of control group either (RR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17, 0.94), and there was no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p = 0.85). Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured in LogMAR unit of vitrectomy group was smaller, with a mean difference (MD) of −0.17 (95%CI: −0.28, −0.05), and I2 was only 22%, indicating of a small heterogeneity. No statistical difference was found between two groups on IOL deposit (RR = 1.23, 95%CI: 0.70, 2.17), and the heterogeneity was small (I2 = 16%, p = 0.31). No statistical difference was found between two groups on synechias (RR = 1.08, 95%CI: 0.60, 1.94), with a quite small heterogeneity (I2 = 3%, p = 0.38). No statistical difference was found between two groups on uveitis (RR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.15, 2.01), and there was no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p = 0.94). There was no statistical difference on IOP either, with a MD of 0.25 (95%CI: −1.56, 2.07), and there was no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). Egger's test showed that there was no publication bias for all assessed outcomes. Low‐contrast sensitivity was better in the vitrectomy group. And no evidence indicated vitrectomy could lead to a higher risk on secondary glaucoma or IOL decentration.ConclusionVitrectomy helps lower the PCO risk and reoperation risk after congenital cataract surgery, and also, vitrectomy helps patients gain a better BCVA and achieve a better low‐contrast sensitivity, with no trade‐off on IOP control, IOL deposit, synechias, uveitis and secondary glaucoma. We recommend performing vitrectomy during congenital cataract surgery.
Hair cortisol concentration in patients with active central serous chorioretinopathy is elevated – a pilot study
Authors: Lenk Janine , Sandner Dirk , Schindler Lena , Pillunat Lutz E. , Matthé Egbert 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a biochemical correlate of long‐term cortisol output patterns, and its relationship to active central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).MethodsTwenty‐six participants were included in this observational pilot study (11 patients with active CSC and 15 healthy controls). Hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs) were determined from 3 cm hair strands collected near the scalp from patients and controls as an index of cumulative cortisol secretion over the 3‐month period prior to hair sampling.ResultsPatients with CSC exhibited higher HCCs (mean value: 20.14, 95% CI: 14.89–27.16 pg/mg) than healthy controls (mean value: 11.06, 95% CI: 8.63–14.22 pg/mg, p = 0.008). Group differences were not affected by relevant covariates (BMI, smoking status, sex).ConclusionPatients with active CSC have increased HCC, supporting the fact that cortisol is a major player in CSC pathogenesis.
Review shows that donor milk does not promote the growth and development of preterm infants as well as maternal milk
Authors: Hård Anna‐Lena , Nilsson Anders K. , Lund Anna‐My , Hansen‐Pupp Ingrid , Smith Lois E. H. , Hellström Ann 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThis nonsystematic review examined differences in the composition of raw maternal breastmilk and pasteurised donor milk and possible health effects on preterm infants.MethodsWe searched PubMed up to July 2018 for studies published in English that focused on four comparisons as follows: raw maternal milk versus donor milk, human milk before and after Holder pasteurisation, milk from mothers who delivered preterm and at term and milk collected during early and late lactation. We also searched for possible effects of the milk components, as well as the effects of maternal and donor milk on preterm infants’ health.ResultsRaw maternal milk contained factors involved in antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory defence, gut microbiome establishment and the maturation of immune defences, food tolerability and metabolism. Many of these factors were reduced or abolished in processed donor milk. Both maternal milk and donor milk have been associated with a reduced incidence of necrotising enterocolitis. High‐dose feeding with maternal milk during the neonatal period reportedly reduced the risk of other morbidities and promoted growth and neurodevelopment.ConclusionMany of the components in raw maternal breastmilk were lacking in pasteurised donor milk, which was inferior in promoting the growth and development of very preterm infants.
Effects of porcine brain hydrolysate on impairment of cognitive learning ability in amyloid β(1–40)‐infused rats
Authors: Liu Yu‐Tse , Cheng Fu‐Yuan , Takeda Shiro , Lai Kung‐Ming , Lin Liang‐Chuan , Sakata Ryoichi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study assessed whether administering porcine brain hydrolysate (PBH) ameliorates the impairment of spatial cognition learning ability in amyloid β (Aβ)‐infused rats. PBH was prepared using organic solvents (i.e., acetone and ethanol). Enzyme hydrolysates were derived from these PBH and the sequence of the Aβ peptide for infusion was selected. The results indicated the PBH, in particular EP (porcine brain extract with ethanol and protease N), demonstrated the potentials to reduce damage of neurodegenerative disorders in vitro and in vivo. The principal findings of this study indicate that PBH has prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Moreover, administering EP to Aβ(1–40)‐infused rats significantly improves their performance on reference, spatial performance, and working memory tests during water maze tasks; concurrent proportional decreases are also observed in malondialdehyde levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and Aβ accumulation levels in brain tissues. The PBH was suggested to ameliorate learning deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease by inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the brain of Aβ infused rat.
Healthcare decommodification in decentralization context: Reviewing the ideational constructions of “classless hospital policy” initiatives in Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article illustrates the emergence of radical local welfare initiatives as a political response to the imperfect national program in decentralization context in Indonesia. In order to gain further understanding of the topic, it is worth reviewing Kulon Progo Regency's experience which recently embarked on removing class stratification at any in‐patient room in all local government‐owned hospitals through “classless hospital policy” initiatives. Using exploratory case study method, this article aims to review the ideational constructions of healthcare decommodification that is displayed on this initiative. It is concluded that the classless hospital policy reflects how social citizenship was organized through the mechanism of idea contestation which originated in the past community's behavior, combined with the vested interest of political regime for then subduing market logics under state power. This circumstance ultimately has provided the groundwork for encouraging innovative welfare outcome.
Understanding students’ engagement in MOOCs: An integration of self‐determination theory and theory of relationship quality
Authors: Sun Yongqiang , Ni Linghong , Zhao Yiming , Shen Xiao‐Liang , Wang Nan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) attract millions of people to enroll in their courses, the completion rate for most courses is very low. A majority of MOOCs students are not fully engaged in MOOCs, thus leading them to quit in the early stage of the courses. Therefore, it is important to investigate students’ engagement in MOOCs. Drawing on self‐determination theory and the theory of relationship quality, this study proposes a model that conceptualizes the MOOCs engagement as consisting of psychological engagement and behavioral engagement and explores the antecedents of students’ engagement in MOOCs. The research model is tested using data collected from 374 students of Chinese University MOOC. The results show that fulfillment of three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness have significant positive effects on intrinsic motivation, increasing students’ psychological engagement in MOOCs. Relationship quality significantly predicts students’ psychological engagement, and psychological engagement promotes behavioral engagement in MOOCs. Implications for research and practice as well as limitations of this study are discussed finally.
Animal movements in fire‐prone landscapes
Authors: Nimmo Dale G. , Avitabile Sarah , Banks Sam C. , Bliege Bird Rebecca , Callister Kate , Clarke Michael F. , Dickman Chris R. , Doherty Tim S. , Driscoll Don A. , Greenville Aaron C. , Haslem Angie , Kelly Luke T. , Kenny Sally A. , Lahoz‐Monfort José J. , Lee Connie , Leonard Steven , Moore Harry , Newsome Thomas M. , Parr Catherine L. , Ritchie Euan G. , Schneider Kathryn , Turner James M. , Watson Simon , Westbrooke Martin , Wouters Mike , White Matthew , Bennett Andrew F. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTMovement is a trait of fundamental importance in ecosystems subject to frequent disturbances, such as fire‐prone ecosystems. Despite this, the role of movement in facilitating responses to fire has received little attention. Herein, we consider how animal movement interacts with fire history to shape species distributions. We consider how fire affects movement between habitat patches of differing fire histories that occur across a range of spatial and temporal scales, from daily foraging bouts to infrequent dispersal events, and annual migrations. We review animal movements in response to the immediate and abrupt impacts of fire, and the longer‐term successional changes that fires set in train. We discuss how the novel threats of altered fire regimes, landscape fragmentation, and invasive species result in suboptimal movements that drive populations downwards. We then outline the types of data needed to study animal movements in relation to fire and novel threats, to hasten the integration of movement ecology and fire ecology. We conclude by outlining a research agenda for the integration of movement ecology and fire ecology by identifying key research questions that emerge from our synthesis of animal movements in fire‐prone ecosystems.
Toward a Unifying Model of Self‐regulation: A Developmental Approach
Authors: Cole Pamela M. , Ram Nilam , English Mary Samantha 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ability to self‐regulate is key to healthy, competent functioning. The breadth of evidence supporting the importance of self‐regulation is matched by such a diversity of terms, concepts, measures, and levels of analysis that the National Institutes of Health called for progress toward a unifying model. In this article, we review a lineage of conceptual models and suggest a path toward a more unifying model of self‐regulation that encompasses both the dynamics of moment‐to‐moment changes and age‐related change. Drawing from these models, we define self‐regulation as the influence of the recruitment of executive processes (EP) on prepotent responses (PR). We define these terms, locating self‐regulation in the dynamic relations between PR and EP, and offer a theoretical–mathematical approach to testing this model.
Impact of a zoledronate coating on early post‐surgical implant stability and marginal bone resorption in the maxilla—A split‐mouth randomized clinical trial
Authors: Abtahi Jahan , Henefalk Gustav , Aspenberg Per 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this clinical study was to evaluate the effect of a bisphosphonate coating on a titanium implant on the implant stability quotient (ISQ) and the radiographic marginal bone levels at implants during early healing (2–8 weeks).Materials and methodsIn a randomized double‐blind trial with internal controls, 16 patients received a dental implant coated with zoledronate and one uncoated implant as a control. The coated and uncoated implants which were visually indistinguishable were bone level titanium implants with a moderately rough surface and a microthreaded neck. ISQ values were obtained at insertion and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Radiographs were obtained at insertion and at 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference in ISQ values between the coated implants and the control implants at 4 and 6 weeks, corrected for insertion values. The secondary outcome was loss of marginal bone level from insertion to 8 weeks.ResultsImplant stability quotient values remained largely constant over the 8 weeks, and there was no significant difference between coated and uncoated implants at any time point. There was 0.12 (SD 0.10) mm marginal bone loss at the control implants and 0.04 (SD 0.08) mm at the coated implants. The difference was 0.17 mm; SD 0.14; p < 0.006). On blind qualitative scoring, 13 of the 15 control implants and two of 15 coated implants showed small marginal bone defects (p = 0.003).ConclusionsThere were no statistically significant differences observed in ISQ values between the coated and uncoated implants during the early healing. There was less marginal bone loss at the coated implants.
Drain fluid amylase as a sensitive biomarker for the early detection of anastomotic leakage in ileal pouch surgery
Authors: Clark D. A. , Cuda T. , Riddell A. , Radford‐Smith G. , Solomon M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimWe studied the levels of amylase in drain fluid to investigate its utility as a biomarker of anastomotic leak in ileal pouch patients who did not have a covering loop ileostomy. The luminal contents of the small intestine are high in amylase. Ileal J pouches are formed for restoration of continuity in patients with ulcerative colitis after removal of the colon and rectum. A drain is placed alongside the ileal pouch in the pelvis.MethodThis study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected daily drain fluid amylase levels in consecutive patients undergoing restorative proctectomy and ileal J pouch anal anastomosis, without a covering loop ileostomy, between November 2016 and April 2018.ResultsThirteen patients underwent surgery without a covering loop ileostomy. Two patients suffered an anastomotic leak and were returned to theatre, one on day 5 and the other on day 6 postoperatively. The mean daily drain fluid amylase level in those who did not leak was between 25 and 46 U/l with a range of 22–139 U/l for all samples collected. In the two patients who suffered a clinical leak the drain fluid amylase level rose to 22 432 and 10 212 U/l on the day of clinical leak diagnosis. The mean rectal tube (intraluminal) amylase level was 63 097 U/l as measured on day 1 postoperatively.ConclusionIn this small cohort of patients, the measurement of drain fluid amylase is a highly sensitive biomarker of clinical anastomotic leak.
Parental drinking in Australia: Does the age of children in the home matter?
Authors: Bowden Jacqueline A. , Delfabbro Paul , Room Robin , Miller Caroline , Wilson Carlene 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroduction and AimsParental role modelling of alcohol use is known to influence alcohol consumption in adolescence and in later life. This study aimed to assess relationships between parental status, child age and alcohol consumption, which have not been well documented.Design and MethodsData were sourced from the 2013 Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey. Analyses were conducted for 25–55 year olds (n = 11 591) by parental status, gender and age of youngest child in the household, controlling for socio‐demographic factors.ResultsParents were less likely than non‐parents to exceed the alcohol guideline for increased lifetime risk (18.2% vs. 24.2%) and short‐term risk: at least weekly (14.2% vs. 21.2%); and at least monthly (27.5% vs. 35.9%). Fathers were just as likely to exceed the guidelines for lifetime risk as other men, but those with children aged 0–2, were less likely to exceed the guideline for short‐term risk. Women were least likely to exceed the guideline for lifetime risk if they had children aged 0–2, 6–11 or 15 years and over, or the guideline for short‐term risk, if they had children aged 0–2, or 15 years and over in the household. Parents were more likely to report drinking in the home.Discussion and ConclusionsParents were less likely to exceed alcohol guidelines than non‐parents, especially mothers whose youngest child was an infant or in high school or older. Consistent with population rates in men, fathers were more likely to exceed alcohol guidelines than mothers, and this excess consumption warrants public health attention.
Number gestures predict learning of number words
Authors: Gibson Dominic J. , Gunderson Elizabeth A. , Spaepen Elizabet , Levine Susan C. , Goldin‐Meadow Susan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhen asked to explain their solutions to a problem, children often gesture and, at times, these gestures convey information that is different from the information conveyed in speech. Children who produce these gesture‐speech “mismatches” on a particular task have been found to profit from instruction on that task. We have recently found that some children produce gesture‐speech mismatches when identifying numbers at the cusp of their knowledge, for example, a child incorrectly labels a set of two objects with the word “three” and simultaneously holds up two fingers. These mismatches differ from previously studied mismatches (where the information conveyed in gesture has the potential to be integrated with the information conveyed in speech) in that the gestured response contradicts the spoken response. Here, we ask whether these contradictory number mismatches predict which learners will profit from number‐word instruction. We used theGive‐a‐Numbertask to measure number knowledge in 47 children (Mage = 4.1 years,SD = 0.58), and used theWhat's on this Cardtask to assess whether children produced gesture‐speech mismatches above their knower level. Children who were early in their number learning trajectories (“one‐knowers” and “two‐knowers”) were then randomly assigned, within knower level, to one of two training conditions: a Counting condition in which children practiced counting objects; or an Enriched Number Talk condition containing counting, labeling set sizes, spatial alignment of neighboring sets, and comparison of these sets. Controlling for counting ability, we found that children were more likely to learn the meaning of new number words in the Enriched Number Talk condition than in the Counting condition, but only if they had produced gesture‐speech mismatches at pretest. The findings suggest that numerical gesture‐speech mismatches are a reliable signal that a child is ready to profit from rich number instruction and provide evidence, for the first time, that cardinal number gestures have a role to play in number‐learning.