bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An In-Vitro Study for Early Detection and to Distinguish Breast and Lung Malignancies Using the Pcb Technology Based Nanodosimeter
Authors: Venkatraman P. , Sureka C. S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSince the early detection of cancer increases the chance of successful treatment, the present study focused to confirm the suitability of an indigenously fabricated multilayer PCB technology based 3D positive ion detector to detect breast and lung malignancy at an early stage. The 3D positive ion detector is a type of gas filled radiation detector works under the principle of ion induced ionization using an exempted micro curie activity source. Earlier studies report that malignant cells can be detected by analyzing the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) exhaled by those cells that serve as eminent biomarkers for malignant detection. Based on this, the present study analyzed the signals produced in the detector by VOCs exhaled from 140 biopsy tissue samples that include tissue of normal and all stages of breast and lung malignancy. To strengthen the present data, the normal and advanced breast and lung malignant tissues were also analyzed using the Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). From this study, it is confirmed that the present 3D positive ion detector can be used to detect both breast and lung malignancy and also to distinguish them based on the variation in four basic physical parameters of the output pulse such as frequency, amplitude, rise time and fall time and four derived parameters of the pulse such as FWHM, area of the pulse, ionization cluster size, and ion drift time.
MicroRNA 141 is associated to outcome and aggressive tumor characteristics in prostate cancer
Authors: Richardsen Elin , Andersen Sigve , Melbø-Jørgensen Christian , Rakaee Mehrdad , Ness Nora , Al-Saad Samer , Nordby Yngve , Pedersen Mona I. , Dønnem Tom , Bremnes Roy M. , Busund Lill-Tove 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA large number of miRNAs influence key cellular processes involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated high expression of miRNAs in human prostate cancer (PC) tissues and cell lines. In previous microarray data, we found miR-141 to be upregulated and miR-145 to be downregulated in PC. In this large PC cohort (n = 535), we explored the prognostic role of miR-141 and miR-145 in PC. Tumor epithelial (TE) and tumor stromal (TS) areas were evaluated separately and combined (TE + TS).In situhybridization was used to evaluate the expression of the miRNAs. We found that miR-141 (TE) correlated significantly to Gleason score ≥8 (p = 0.040) and large tumor size (≥20 mm, p = 0.025) and miR-141 (TE + TS) to Gleason grade (p = 0.001). MiR-145 correlated to pT-stage (p = 0.038), tumor size (p = 0.025), Gleason grade (p = 0.051) and PSA (p = 0.032). In univariate analysis miR-141 (TE + TS) was significantly associated with biochemical failure-free survival (BFFS, p = 0.007) and clinical failure-free survival (CFFS, p = 0.021). For miR-145, there were no differences between patients with high versus low expression. In multivariate analysis overexpression of miR-141 in tumor epithelium and tumor stroma was significantly associated with BFFS (HR = 1.07 CI95% 1.00–1.14, p = 0.007). To conclude, high expression of miR-141 appears associated with increased risk of biochemical PC recurrence.
Gender- and Age-Specific Associations Between Body Fat Composition and C-Reactive Protein with Lung Function: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tsao Yu-Chung , Lee Yi-Yen , Chen Jau-Yuan , Yeh Wei-Chung , Chuang Chung-Hsun , Yu Wei , Li Wen-Cheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLung function deterioration is frequently observed in overweight and obese patients. In the current study, we explored the contribution of body fat (BF) composition, particularly visceral and nonvisceral adiposity, to lung function deterioration. In addition, we examined gender- and age-specific differences in the association between the joint effects of BF% and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations with lung function. This cross-sectional study involved 17,802 subjects undergoing health check-up. Clinical characteristics, body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and lung function were evaluated and compared between genders. Subjects were stratified by gender-specific BF% cut-offs for evaluating the association of body composition and the risk of restrictive lung disease (RLD). Gender differences in the joint effects of BF% and CRP on lung function were observed. Visceral obesity increased the risk of RLD in women aged ≥45 years, but nonvisceral obesity reduced the risk of RLD in women aged <45 years. Our findings suggest that visceral fat per se can be used as an effective parameter to assess the association between lung function and obesity.
Tunable properties of (HoxY1-x)2SiO5 as damage self-monitoring environmental/thermal barrier coating candidates
Authors: Tian Zhilin , Zheng Liya , Hu Wanpeng , Sun Luchao , Zhang Jie , Wang Jingyang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRE2SiO5 with low thermal conductivity, compatible thermal expansion coefficients and excellent high-temperature reliability in harsh environments are excellent candidates as advanced environmental/thermal barrier coating materials for high-efficiency gas turbine engines. A series of rare earth silicates (HoxY1-x)2SiO5 are designed and their properties are comprehensively investigated in this paper. Through doping Ho into Y2SiO5, the thermal conductivity of Y2SiO5 is significantly decreased and the thermal expansion coefficient is also optimized closer to Si-based ceramics. High-temperature elastic stiffness and bending strength are increased with the enhancing of Ho content. Most important, doping Ho element provides (HoxY1-x)2SiO5 with tunable luminescence characteristic. (HoxY1-x)2SiO5 exhibit green, to yellow-green, then to orange-red luminescence color with increased Ho concentration. The results show that they can be used as damage self-monitoring environmental/thermal barrier coating materials for Si-based ceramics.
Interplay between exogenous and endogenous factors in seasonal vegetation oscillations
Authors: Tzuk Omer , Ujjwal Sangeeta R. , Fernandez-Oto Cristian , Seifan Merav , Meron Ehud 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA fundamental question in ecology is whether vegetation oscillations are merely a result of periodic environmental variability, or rather driven by endogenous factors. We address this question using a mathematical model of dryland vegetation subjected to annual rainfall periodicity. We show that while spontaneous oscillations do not exist in realistic parameter ranges, resonant response to periodic precipitation is still possible due to the existence of damped oscillatory modes. Using multiple time-scale analysis, in a restricted parameter range, we find that these endogenous modes can be pumped by the exogenous precipitation forcing to form sustained oscillations. The oscillations amplitude shows a resonance peak that depends on model parameters representing species traits and mean annual precipitation. Extending the study to bistability ranges of uniform vegetation and bare soil, we investigate numerically the implications of resonant oscillations for ecosystem function. We consider trait parameters that represent species with damped oscillatory modes and species that lack such modes, and compare their behaviors. We find that the former are less resilient to droughts, suffer from larger declines in their biomass production as the precipitation amplitude is increased, and, in the presence of spatial disturbances, are likely to go through abrupt collapse to bare soil, rather than gradual, domino-like collapse.
Reduced aqueous humour ascorbic-acid concentration in women with smaller anterior chamber depth
Authors: Ito Sakae , Sairenchi Toshimi , Machida Takehisa , Takino Yuka , Kondo Yoshitaka , Mukai Koichiro , Kobashi Gen , Ishigami Akihito , Senoo Tadashi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractShort anterior chamber depth (ACD) is considered a risk factor of endothelial-cell loss after phacoemulsification. However, whether it is an independent risk factor or not remains controversial. We investigated the relationship between ascorbic acid (AA) concentrations in the aqueous humour (AqH) and ACD. We analysed 165 AqH samples of 97 patients (42 men and 55 women) who underwent small incision cataract surgery. AqH and plasma AA concentrations were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography - electrochemical detection method. Patient characteristics were compared between and within the sexes. As a result, age and ACD were significantly correlated with AqH AA concentrations (r = −0.206, P = 0.045; r = 0.339, P < 0.001) only in women. Moreover, plasma AA concentrations were significantly correlated with AqH AA concentrations (r = 0.420, P < 0.001; r = 0.316, P = 0.002) both in men and women. After adjusting for confounding factors (age and plasma AA concentrations), ACD was significantly and positively correlated with AqH AA concentrations (partial.r = 0.275, P = 0.009) only in women. In conclusion, AqH AA concentrations were reduced in women with smaller ACD. This may suggest that women with short ACD could be more susceptible to oxidative damage.
Pro-resolving lipid mediator ameliorates obesity induced osteoarthritis by regulating synovial macrophage polarisation
Authors: Sun Antonia Rujia , Wu Xiaoxin , Liu Bohao , Chen Yang , Armitage Charles W. , Kollipara Avinash , Crawford Ross , Beagley Kenneth W. , Mao Xinzhan , Xiao Yin , Prasadam Indira 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNon-resolved persistent macrophage-mediated synovial inflammation is considered as one of the main drivers of both the establishment and progression of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (OA). Herein, we used clodronate-loaded liposomes (CL) to locally deplete macrophages in the synovial joints to examine the role of macrophages in the progression of obesity-induced OA. Furthermore, resolvin D1 (RvD1), a unique family of pro-resolving lipid mediator derived from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, have shown marked potency in changing the pro-inflammatory behaviour of the macrophages. We sought to determine whether RvD1 administration ameliorates obesity-induced OA by resolving macrophage-mediated synovitis. Therapeutic properties of RvD1 and macrophage depletion (CL) were tested for its ability to slow post-traumatic OA (PTOA) in obese mice models. PTOA was induced in C57Bl/6 mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) by surgically destabilising the meniscus. Firstly, CL treatment showed beneficial effects in reducing synovitis and cartilage destruction in obese mice with PTOA. In vitro treatment with RvD1 decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory markers in CD14+ human macrophages. Furthermore, intra-articular treatment with RvD1 diminishes the progression of OA in the knee joint from mice as follows: (a) decreases macrophages infiltration in synovium, (b) reduces the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages in synovium and (c) improves the severity of synovitis and cartilage degradation. Thus, our results provide new evidence for the potential targeting of macrophages in the treatment of obesity-induced OA.
3D printing of twisting and rotational bistable structures with tuning elements
Authors: Jeong Hoon Yeub , An Soo-Chan , Seo In Cheol , Lee Eunseo , Ha Sangho , Kim Namhun , Jun Young Chul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) printing is ideal for the fabrication of various customized 3D components with fine details and material-design complexities. However, most components fabricated so far have been static structures with fixed shapes and functions. Here we introduce bistability to 3D printing to realize highly-controlled, reconfigurable structures. Particularly, we demonstrate 3D printing of twisting and rotational bistable structures. To this end, we have introduced special joints to construct twisting and rotational structures without post-assembly. Bistability produces a well-defined energy diagram, which is important for precise motion control and reconfigurable structures. Therefore, these bistable structures can be useful for simplified motion control in actuators or for mechanical switches. Moreover, we demonstrate tunable bistable components exploiting shape memory polymers. We can readjust the bistability-energy diagram (barrier height, slope, displacement, symmetry) after printing and achieve tunable bistability. This tunability can significantly increase the use of bistable structures in various 3D-printed components.
Phenyliminophenothiazine based self-organization of polyaniline nanowires and application as redox probe in electrochemical sensors
Authors: Khadieva Alena I. , Gorbachuk Vladimir V. , Evtugyn Gennady A. , Belyakova Svetlana V. , Latypov Ruslan R. , Drobyshev Sergey V. , Stoikov Ivan I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSynthesis and application of nanostructured materials applicable in the assembly of electrochemical sensors is one of the important trends in material sciences and analytical chemistry. In this work, we have proposed and implemented simple non-template method for assembling nanofibers from the polyaniline ultrasonicated with phenyliminophenothiazine in aqueous media. Two-step procedure including association with emeraldine dispersion and reorganization under ultrasonication led to formation of nanofibrillar structures with average diameter of 20 nm. UV-spectroscopy confirms that association of phenyliminophenothiazine and polyaniline in acidic medium resulted in an intense absorption band at 900–910 nm due to donor-acceptor interaction between the reactants. The material combined emeraldine charge transmission with redox activity of phenyliminophenothiazine was found promising for electrochemical sensing. It was confirmed by comparison of characteristics of appropriate solid-contact sensors based on emeraldine and phenyliminophenothiazine toward Fe(III) ions, ascorbic acid and hydroquinone. In all the cases, the use of phenyliminophenothiazine results in a wider concentration range and more reproducible signal against characteristics of similar sensor based on polyaniline. The applicability of the sensor was confirmed by determination of iron content in commercial medication.
Generation of H7N9-specific human polyclonal antibodies from a transchromosomic goat (caprine) system
Authors: Wu Hua , Fan Zhiqiang , Brandsrud Michelle , Meng Qinggang , Bobbitt Molly , Regouski Misha , Stott Rusty , Sweat Alexis , Crabtree Jackelyn , Hogan Robert J. , Tripp Ralph A. , Wang Zhongde , Polejaeva Irina A. , Sullivan Eddie J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo address the unmet needs for human polyclonal antibodies both as therapeutics and diagnostic reagents, building upon our previously established transchromosomic (Tc) cattle platform, we report herein the development of a Tc goat system expressing human polyclonal antibodies in their sera. In the Tc goat system, a human artificial chromosome (HAC) comprising the entire human immunoglobulin (Ig) gene repertoire in the germline configuration was introduced into the genetic makeup of the domestic goat. We achieved this by transferring the HAC into goat fetal fibroblast cells followed by somatic cell nuclear transfer for Tc goat production. Gene and protein expression analyses in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the sera, respectively, of Tc caprine demonstrated the successful expression of human Ig genes and antibodies. Furthermore, immunization of Tc caprine with inactivated influenza A (H7N9) viruses followed by H7N9 Hemagglutinin 1 (HA1) boosting elicited human antibodies with high neutralizing activities against H7N9 viruses in vitro. As a small ungulate, Tc caprine offers the advantages of low cost and quick establishment of herds, therefore complementing the Tc cattle platform in responses to a range of medical needs and diagnostic applications where small volumes of human antibody products are needed.
Plasmonic Implanted Nanogrooves for Optical Beaming
Authors: Daniel Salman , Bawuah Prince 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSurface plasmon polaritons are electromagnetic surface waves, which, due to their nanoscale nature, are efficiently used for modifying an output of optical field through a metallic nanoslit, e.g., extraordinary optical transmission and beaming of light. Herein, the phenomenon of optical beaming by employing a regular array of semicylinder-shaped grooves around a nanoslit has been investigated based on numerical simulations. By analyzing the behavior of Poynting vectors in near surroundings of the slit, we have successfully demonstrated that grooves which are embedded on the layer at the exit side of the slit produce enhanced directionality of the output light than the unembedded ones. In case of semicylinder-shaped grooves, the calculated intensity of the output beam was 1.5-times, at near and far distances, higher than that of the grating grooves. Our analysis shows that positioning of the groove right at the exit of the slit is crucial for the enhancement of the beaming effect. This is due to the conversion of surface plasmon polaritons into a freely propagating field and the possible excitation of localized surface plasmons because of the presence of nanogroove. Furthermore, the proposed geometries are made of Aluminum, which is a plasmonic material and commonly applied for the fabrication of optical nanostructures. Manipulating of light (beaming, focusing/guiding, and splitting) by nanoslit can be beneficial to several applications such as nano-resolution optical imaging, sensors, and plasmonic circuits.
PERK Signaling Regulates Extracellular Proteostasis of an Amyloidogenic Protein During Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Romine Isabelle C. , Wiseman R. Luke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe PERK arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) regulates cellular proteostasis and survival in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, the impact of PERK signaling on extracellular proteostasis is poorly understood. We define how PERK signaling influences extracellular proteostasis during ER stress using a conformational reporter of the secreted amyloidogenic protein transthyretin (TTR). We show that inhibiting PERK signaling impairs secretion of destabilized TTR during thapsigargin (Tg)-induced ER stress by increasing its ER retention in chaperone-bound complexes. Interestingly, PERK inhibition increases the ER stress-dependent secretion of TTR in non-native conformations that accumulate extracellularly as soluble oligomers. Pharmacologic or genetic TTR stabilization partially restores secretion of native TTR tetramers. However, PERK inhibition still increases the ER stress-dependent secretion of TTR in non-native conformations under these conditions, indicating that the conformation of stable secreted proteins can also be affected by inhibiting PERK. Our results define a role for PERK in regulating extracellular proteostasis during ER stress and indicate that genetic or aging-related alterations in PERK signaling can exacerbate ER stress-related imbalances in extracellular proteostasis implicated in diverse diseases.
Carbon fiber based electrochemical sensor for sweat cortisol measurement
Authors: Sekar M. , Pandiaraj M. , Bhansali S. , Ponpandian N. , Viswanathan C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study examines the use of a conductive carbon fiber to construct a flexible biosensing platform for monitoring biomarkers in sweat. Cortisol was chosen as a model analyte. Functionalization of the conductive carbon yarn (CCY) with ellipsoidal Fe2O3 has been performed to immobilize the antibodies specific to cortisol. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry has been used to immobilize the antibodies onto the Fe2O3 modified CCY. Crystallinity, structure, morphology, flexibility, surface area, and elemental analysis were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Mechanical properties of the fiber such as tensile strength, young’s modulus have also been investigated. Under optimal parameters, the fabric sensor exhibited a good linearity (r2 = 0.998) for wide a linear range from 1 fg to 1 μg with a detection limit of 0.005 fg/mL for the sensitive detection of cortisol. Repeatability, reliability, reproducibility, and anti-interference properties of the current sensor have been investigated. Detection of cortisol levels in human sweat samples has also been investigated and the results were validated with commercial chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) method.
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the cognitive control of negative stimuli in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Schulze Lars , Grove Maren , Tamm Sascha , Renneberg Babette , Roepke Stefan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impairments in the cognitive control of negative information. These impairments in cognitive control are presumably due to blunted activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) along with enhanced activations of the limbic system. However, the impact of an excitatory stimulation of the dlPFC still needs to be elucidated. In the present study, we therefore assigned 50 patients with BPD and 50 healthy controls to receive either anodal or sham stimulation of the right dlPFC in a double-blind, randomized, between-subjects design. Participants performed a delayed working memory task with a distracter period during which a grey background screen, or neutral, or negative stimuli were presented. This experimental paradigm was first evaluated in a pilot study with 18 patients with BPD and 19 healthy controls. In both studies, patients with BPD showed an impairment of cognitive control when negative distracters were presented in the delay period of a working memory task. However, excitatory stimulation of the right dlPFC did not ameliorate cognitive control of negative stimuli in BPD, which raises questions about the specific role of the right dlPFC for the understanding of BPD psychopathology. Methodological limitations are discussed.
In vivo assessment of increased oxidation of branched-chain amino acids in glioblastoma
Authors: Suh Eul Hyun , Hackett Edward P. , Wynn R. Max , Chuang David T. , Zhang Bo , Luo Weibo , Sherry A. Dean , Park Jae Mo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAltered branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism is a distinctive feature of various cancers and plays an important role in sustaining tumor proliferation and aggressiveness. Despite the therapeutic and diagnostic potentials, the role of BCAA metabolism in cancer and the activities of associated enzymes remain unclear. Due to its pivotal role in BCAA metabolism and rapid cellular transport, hyperpolarized13C-labeled α-ketoisocaproate (KIC), the α-keto acid corresponding to leucine, can assess both BCAA aminotransferase (BCAT) and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) activities via production of [1-13C]leucine or13CO2(and thus H13CO3−), respectively. Here, we investigated BCAA metabolism of F98 rat glioma modelin vivousing hyperpolarized13C-KIC. In tumor regions, we observed a decrease in13C-leucine production from injected hyperpolarized13C-KIC via BCAT compared to the contralateral normal-appearing brain, and an increase in H13CO3−, a catabolic product of KIC through the mitochondrial BCKDC. A parallelex vivo13C NMR isotopomer analysis following steady-state infusion of [U-13C]leucine to glioma-bearing rats verified the increased oxidation of leucine in glioma tissue. Both thein vivohyperpolarized KIC imaging and the leucine infusion study indicate that KIC catabolism is upregulated through BCAT/BCKDC and further oxidized via the citric acid cycle in F98 glioma.