bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid remote conditioning mediates modulation of blood cell paracrine activity and leads to the production of a secretome with neuroprotective features
Authors: Bonova Petra , Jachova Jana , Nemethova Miroslava , Macakova Lubica , Bona Martin , Gottlieb Miroslav 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe indirect use of the protective potential of stem cells in the form of cell secretomes has become an attractive strategy in regenerative medicine. In the present work, we studied the paracrine activity of blood cells that could be modulated towards a neuroprotective nature using in vivo remote conditioning (i.e. tolerant blood cells). The increased neuronal survival mediated by the tolerant secretome was clearly confirmed in vitro in a model of glutamate toxicity in a primary culture of rat cortical neurons and in vivo in a pre‐ and post‐treatment of rats that were subjected to transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Bioinformatic‐based analysis of the protein profile revealed higher amounts of proteins released by the tolerant blood cells; 29 proteins were recognised as secreted. More than half of these secreted proteins were involved in the biological processes of the response to the stimulus (GO:0050896) and the response to chemicals (GO:0042221). The protective phenotype was most likely mediated by the synergistic effect of multiple identified proteins, including unique to the tolerant secretome (ceruloplasmin, D‐3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase) and was promoted by the co‐participation of several reaction pathways. The most probably of these pathways were post‐translation protein modification, MAP2K and MAPK activation and platelet activation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that properly stimulated blood cells could serve as a source for cell‐free‐based therapies of regenerative medicine.
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The Acquisition of Gender Stereotypes about Intellectual Ability: Intersections with Race
Authors: Jaxon Jilana , Lei Ryan F. , Shachnai Reut , Chestnut Eleanor K. , Cimpian Andrei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe common stereotype that brilliance is a male trait is an obstacle to women's success in many prestigious careers. This gender‐brilliance stereotype is powerful in part because it seems to be acquired early in life and might thus shape girls’ career aspirations. To date, however, research on this stereotype has not considered how its acquisition might intersect with (1) the other social identities that men and women are perceived to hold, and (2) the social identities that children themselves hold. The present study examined these open questions. First, we compared 5‐ and 6‐year‐old children's (N = 203) assumptions about the intellectual abilities of White men and women with their assumptions about the intellectual abilities of Black men and women. Second, we compared White children's assumptions about the intellectual abilities of men and women with those of children of color (primarily Latinx, Black, and Asian). The results suggested two main conclusions: First, children learn to associate White men (vs. women), but not Black men (vs. women), with brilliance. In fact, children generally see Black men as less brilliant than Black women. Second, the results suggested that the stereotype associating White men with brilliance is shared by children regardless of their own race. These results add considerable nuance to the literature on the development of gender stereotypes about intellectual ability and have implications for policies that might be implemented to prevent the negative effects of these stereotypes.
Disruption of circadian rhythm by alternating light‐dark cycles aggravates atherosclerosis development in APOE*3‐Leiden.CETP mice
Authors: Schilperoort Maaike , van den Berg Rosa , Bosmans Laura A. , van Os Bram W. , Dollé Martijn E. T. , Smits Noortje A. M. , Guichelaar Teun , van Baarle Debbie , Koemans Lotte , Berbée Jimmy F. P. , Deboer Tom , Meijer Johanna H. , de Vries Margreet R. , Vreeken Dianne , van Gils Janine M. , Willems van Dijk Ko , van Kerkhof Linda W. M. , Lutgens Esther , Biermasz Nienke R. , Rensen Patrick C. N. , Kooijman Sander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDisruption of circadian rhythm by means of shift work has been associated with cardiovascular disease in humans. However, causality and underlying mechanisms have not yet been established. In this study, we exposed hyperlipidemic APOE*3‐Leiden.CETP mice to either regular light‐dark cycles, weekly 6 hours phase advances or delays, or weekly alternating light‐dark cycles (12 hours shifts), as a well‐established model for shift work. We found that mice exposed to 15 weeks of alternating light‐dark cycles displayed a striking increase in atherosclerosis, with an approximately twofold increase in lesion size and severity, while mice exposed to phase advances and delays showed a milder circadian disruption and no significant effect on atherosclerosis development. We observed a higher lesion macrophage content in mice exposed to alternating light‐dark cycles without obvious changes in plasma lipids, suggesting involvement of the immune system. Moreover, while no changes in the number or activation status of circulating monocytes and other immune cells were observed, we identified increased markers for inflammation, oxidative stress, and chemoattraction in the vessel wall. Altogether, this is the first study to show that circadian disruption by shifting light‐dark cycles directly aggravates atherosclerosis development.
IgE and IgG4 binding to lentil epitopes in children with red and green lentil allergy
Authors: Sackesen Cansin , Erman Baran , Gimenez Gustavo , Grishina Galina , Yilmaz Ozlem , Yavuz Suleyman T. , Sahiner Umit M. , Buyuktiryaki Betul , Yilmaz Ebru A. , Cavkaytar Ozlem , Sampson Hugh A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe consumption of lentil is common in the Mediterranean area and is one of the causes of IgE‐mediated food allergy in many countries. Len c 1 is a well‐defined allergen of lentil and approximately 80% of the patients with lentil allergy recognize the purified Len c 1 protein. We sought to identify IgE and IgG4 sequential epitopes of Len c 1 in patients with red and/or green lentil allergy. We also aimed to determine IgE and IgG4 binding differences between those patients who had outgrown or remained reactive to lentil.MethodsChildren with IgE‐mediated lentil allergy were included in the study. We applied a microarray immunoassay to determine the characterization of positive IgE and IgG4 binding to Len c 1 epitopes in the patients’ sera.ResultsThe peptides specifically recognized by IgE and IgG4 antibodies were mainly detected between peptides 107 and 135 of Len c 1. The signal intensities of positive epitopes were significantly greater in reactive patients than tolerant ones (P = .008 for IgE and P = .002 for IgG4). Moreover, IgE and IgG4 antibodies bound largely the same sequential epitopes in patients who remained reactive or outgrew their allergy.ConclusionIgG4‐binding epitopes in lentil allergy were identified and IgE and IgG4 binding to epitopes in both red and green lentils was compared. Our data regarding signal intensity differences between reactive and outgrown patients and overlap binding of IgE and IgG4 antibodies may be important for the development of more accurate diagnostic tests and understanding of natural tolerance development.
PRX2 and PRX25, peroxidases regulated by COG1, are involved in seed longevity in Arabidopsis
Authors: Renard Joan , Martínez‐Almonacid Irene , Sonntag Annika , Molina Isabel , Moya‐Cuevas José , Bissoli Gaetano , Muñoz‐Bertomeu Jesús , Faus Isabel , Niñoles Regina , Shigeto Jun , Tsutsumi Yuji , Gadea José , Serrano Ramón , Bueso Eduardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPermeability is a crucial trait that affects seed longevity and is regulated by different polymers including proanthocyanidins, suberin, cutin and lignin located in the seed coat. By testing mutants in suberin transport and biosynthesis, we demonstrate the importance of this biopolymer to cope with seed deterioration. Transcriptomic analysis of cog1‐2D, a gain‐of‐function mutant with increased seed longevity, revealed the upregulation of several peroxidase genes. Reverse genetics analysing seed longevity uncovered redundancy within the seed coat peroxidase gene family; however, after controlled deterioration treatment, seeds from the prx2 prx25 double and prx2 prx25 prx71 triple mutant plants presented lower germination than wild‐type plants. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the seed coat of these mutants showed a thinner palisade layer, but no changes were observed in proanthocyanidin accumulation or in the cuticle layer. Spectrophotometric quantification of acetyl bromide‐soluble lignin components indicated changes in the amount of total polyphenolics derived from suberin and/or lignin in the mutant seeds. Finally, the increased seed coat permeability to tetrazolium salts observed in the prx2 prx25 and prx2 prx25 prx71 mutant lines suggested that the lower permeability of the seed coats caused by altered polyphenolics is likely to be the main reason explaining their reduced seed longevity.
Prefrontal GABA and glutamate levels correlate with impulsivity and cognitive function of prescription opioid addicts: A 1H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Li Jian‐Neng , Liu Xi‐Long , Li Long 
Published: October 2019

AimPrescription opioids are psychoactive substances that can elicit many neuropsychological effects. There are no studies that directly demonstrate the effects of prescription opioid addiction (POA) on the human brain. This study aimed to quantify γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of POA patients using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS), and to explore their association with impulsive behavior and cognitive impairment.MethodsThirty‐five patients with a definitive clinical diagnosis of codeine‐containing cough syrup dependence and 35 matched healthy controls underwent neuropsychological assessments, namely the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐11) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Point‐resolved spectroscopy was performed to detect GABA and glutamate within the medial PFC, and the corresponding levels were estimated using jMRUI and corrected for fraction of cerebrospinal fluid in the 1H‐MRS voxel. The difference in metabolite levels between groups and the correlation between metabolite levels and psychometric scores in patients were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe peak level predominantly consisting of GABA with a relatively small influence of other chemicals (GABA+) was lower and that of glutamate was higher in the PFC of POA patients than in healthy controls. GABA+ levels correlated negatively with BIS‐11 scores but correlated positively with MoCA scores. In contrast, glutamate levels showed a positive correlation with BIS‐11 scores but no significant correlation with MoCA scores.ConclusionThe quantitative in vivo measurement of GABA and glutamate levels in the PFC by 1H‐MRS could be a reliable way to evaluate impulsivity and cognitive function of POA.
Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with retroperitoneal infantile hemangiomas
Authors: Peterman Caitlin M. , Gibson Ruby S. , Lillis Anna P. , Fishman Steven J. , Liang Marilyn G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundInfantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumors of infancy. The objective was to identify clinical and radiological patterns in patients with retroperitoneal IHs.MethodsWe reviewed patients from our Vascular Anomalies Center database with IHs and abdominal imaging presenting from 1999 to 2017 to identify retroperitoneal involvement.ResultsEleven patients (10 females, one male) with retroperitoneal IHs were found. Cutaneous IHs were present in eight patients (five segmental (45%), three multifocal (27%)) and absent in 1 (9%). Segmental hemangiomas involved the face in 2/5 (40%) and lower body in 3/5 (60%). The most common symptoms were dyspnea (n = 4), hematochezia (n = 3), and/or ulceration (n = 2). Three patients were asymptomatic. Involved retroperitoneal organs included the duodenum (n = 4), pancreas (n = 3), and adrenal glands (n = 1). Non‐retroperitoneal organ involvement included the liver (n = 5), non‐duodenal small intestine (n = 4), and large intestine (n = 3). Perivascular retroperitoneal hemangiomas were seen in 6/11 patients (55%), most commonly surrounding the aorta (n = 5), iliac vessels (n = 2), and/or inferior vena cava (n = 2). Three of 11 patients (27%) had LUMBAR based on a segmental, sacral hemangioma with tethered cord or anorectal malformation. Follow‐up information was available in 6/11 patients (55%): 5 symptomatically improved with treatment (propranolol, corticosteroids, and/or vincristine), while one succumbed from extensive hepatic involvement.ConclusionRetroperitoneal IHs are rare and tend to involve organs or surround vessels. Associated cutaneous IHs, if present, lack anatomical predilection and may be segmental or multifocal.
PpC: a new method to reduce the density of lidar data. Does it affect theDEMaccuracy?
Authors: Buján Sandra , González‐Ferreiro Eduardo M. , Cordero Miguel , Miranda David 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn cost–benefit analysis of lidar data acquisition, point density is often artificially reduced in order to examine how this affects the quality of derived products. However, the performance of the different density reduction methods has not yet been compared and their influence on the accuracy of the models and results has not been evaluated. A novel method for reducing the point density, termed Proportional per Cell (PpC), is presented and compared with the performance of three other reduction methods, examining their influence on the accuracy of lidar‐derived digital surface models usingISPRSreference data. The results indicate that the PpC method was better at conserving the characteristics of the original data. However, point density, sample type and slope had a greater influence than the reduction method used.
The use of personal and indoor air pollution monitors in reproductive epidemiology studies
Authors: Gaskins Audrey J. , Hart Jaime E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPersonal and indoor air pollution monitors represent two ways to assess acute air pollution exposures; however, few reproductive epidemiology studies have incorporated these tools.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the unique challenges and opportunities that arise when measuring acute exposure to air pollution in two ongoing reproductive epidemiology studies.MethodsThe Air Pollution, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), and Reproductive Outcomes (AIR) Study recruits women undergoing IVF to wear a personal particulate matter (PM) air pollution monitor (AirBeam2©) for the 72‐hour period following the start of controlled ovarian stimulation. The Reproductive Effects of Chemicals and Air Pollutants (RECAP) Study recruits men across the United States to place an air pollution monitor (emmET) in their home for 3 months, use a smartphone application, and provide a semen sample. We highlight the key issues identified in implementing exposure assessment for both studies.ResultsThe main advantages of using the AirBeam2© personal monitor are as follows: (a) the low cost, (b) the ability to collect multiple size fractions of PM data every second, (c) the portability, (d) its capability to track GPS location, and (e) the ability for the participant to observe their real‐time exposure information. The limited battery life, incompatibility with iOS‐based smartphones, and frequent connection issues that arise between the AirBeam2© and smartphone are the main disadvantages. The main advantages of the emmET are the ability to measure multiple air pollutants at a high level of accuracy, collect data for a long period of time without burdening the participant, and ship monitors to participants around the country without the need for in‐person set‐up by trained technicians; however, the monitor only measures the indoor home environment.ConclusionsNovel methods can be utilised to characterise short‐term air pollution exposure in reproductive epidemiology studies and represent an exciting area for future research.
Short versus prolonged freezing differentially impacts freeze – thaw injury in spinach leaves: mechanistic insights through metabolite profiling
Authors: Min Kyungwon , Chen Keting , Arora Rajeev 
Published: October 2019

Plant tissues subjected to short or prolonged freezing to a fixed sub‐freezing temperature are expected to undergo similar freeze‐desiccation but the former causes substantially less injury than the latter. To gain metabolic insight into this differential response, metabolome changes in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves were determined following short‐term (0.5 and 3.0 h) vs. prolonged freezing (5.5 and 10.5 h) at −4.5°C resulting in reversible or irreversible injury, respectively. LD50, the freezing duration causing 50% injury, was estimated to be ∼3.1 h and defined as the threshold beyond which tissues were irreversibly injured. From 39 identified metabolites, 19 were selected and clustered into 3 groups: (1) signaling‐related (salicylic acid, aliphatic and aromatic amino acids), (2) injury‐related (GABA, lactic acid, maltose, fatty acids, policosanols, TCA intermediates) and (3) recovery‐related (ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol). Initial accumulation of salicylic acid during short‐term freezing followed by a decline may be involved in triggering tolerance mechanisms in moderately injured tissues, while its resurgence during prolonged freezing may signal programmed cell death. GABA accumulated with increasing freezing duration, possibly to serve as a ‘pH‐stat’ against cytoplasmic acidification resulting from lactic acid accumulation. Mitochondria seem to be more sensitive to prolonged freezing than chloroplasts since TCA intermediates decreased after LD50 while salicylic acid and maltose, produced in chloroplasts, accumulate even at 10.5‐h freezing. Fatty acids and policosanols accumulation with increasing freezing duration indicates greater injury to membrane lipids and epicuticular waxes. Ascorbic acid and α‐tocopherol accumulated after short‐term freezing, supposedly facilitating recovery while their levels decreased in irreversibly injured tissues.
Nonjudicial business regulation and community access to remedy
Authors: Haines Fiona , Macdonald Kate 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRedress for communities harmed by transnational business activity remains elusive. This paper examines community efforts to access redress for human rights‐related harms via recourse to transnational nonjudicial mechanisms (NJMs) – a prevalent but widely debated instrument of transnational business regulation. Drawing together insights from theoretical debates surrounding nonjudicial regulation and evidence from a major empirical study of human rights redress claims in Indonesia and India, the paper explores the conditions under which NJMs can support community access to remedy. Three conditions are shown to be central in enabling some degree of NJM effectiveness: the institutional design of regulatory strategies, the institutional empowerment of regulatory institutions, and social empowerment of affected communities and their supporters. While all three conditions are required in some measure to underpin effective NJM interventions, these conditions can be combined in varying ways in different contexts to underpin either top–down or bottom–up pathways to redress. The former derives its primary influence from institutional authority and capacity, while the latter relies more heavily on diffuse societal leverage in support of community claims. These findings have significant implications for theoretical debates about the capacity and limits of nonjudicial regulatory approaches to support human rights redress within decentered contexts of transnational regulation where both regulatory power and agency are widely diffused.
Tensor Graphical Lasso (TeraLasso)
Authors: Greenewald Kristjan , Zhou Shuheng , Hero Alfred 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe paper introduces a multiway tensor generalization of the bigraphical lasso which uses a two-way sparse Kronecker sum multivariate normal model for the precision matrix to model parsimoniously conditional dependence relationships of matrix variate data based on the Cartesian product of graphs. We call this tensor graphical lasso generalization TeraLasso. We demonstrate by using theory and examples that the TeraLasso model can be accurately and scalably estimated from very limited data samples of high dimensional variables with multiway co-ordinates such as space, time and replicates. Statistical consistency and statistical rates of convergence are established for both the bigraphical lasso and TeraLasso estimators of the precision matrix and estimators of its support (non-sparsity) set respectively. We propose a scalable composite gradient descent algorithm and analyse the computational convergence rate, showing that the composite gradient descent algorithm is guaranteed to converge at a geometric rate to the global minimizer of the TeraLasso objective function. Finally, we illustrate TeraLasso by using both simulation and experimental data from a meteorological data set, showing that we can accurately estimate precision matrices and recover meaningful conditional dependence graphs from high dimensional complex data sets.
The blockade of PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway promotes the apoptosis of CD19+CD25+ Bregs and suppresses the secretion of IL‐10 in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Wang Zhao , Tan Fei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway is crucial to immune regulation by controlling the balance between T cell tolerance and activation. However, the association between PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway and regulatory B cells has not been fully investigated in allergic rhinitis. In this study, we detected the number of peripheral CD19+CD25+ Bregs and the expression of IL‐10 on this cell subset in healthy control and patients with allergic rhinitis using flow cytometry. Then, we evaluated the level of PD‐L1 in CD19+CD25+ Bregs and investigated the correlation between PD‐L1 and CD4+ follicular T helper cells. Finally, we studied the effects of anti–PD‐L1 on the apoptosis of Bregs and the production of IL‐10. Comparing with healthy controls, the percentage of CD19+CD25+ Bregs and the expression of IL‐10 were both significantly decreased in AR group. In addition, the expression of PD‐L1 on CD19+CD25+ Bregs was also lower in allergic rhinitis patients. Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between the expression of PD‐L1+ Bregs and CD4+CXCR5+ follicular T helper cells. In vitro assay revealed that anti–PD‐L1 promoted Bregs apoptosis and inhibited the expression of IL‐10 in CD19+CD25+ Bregs. Collectively, these results suggest that PD‐L1 expressed on CD19+CD25+ Bregs may be a potential regulator in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Blockade of PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway might be a valuable pathogenic target for allergic rhinitis through inhibiting the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokine and promoting CD19+CD25+ Bregs apoptosis.
Space, Place and Capitals in Rural Youth Mobility: Broadening the Focus of Rural Studies
Authors: Nugin Raili 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDrawing on fieldwork in six Estonian rural areas from 2010–2019, the article calls for a nuanced understanding of the processes of mobility and migration in rural areas. Based on qualitative in‐depth and focus‐group interviews with rural youth and key stakeholders, several phenomena are identified as crucial to understanding the dynamics of mobility. Mobility is seen as a negotiated process, intertwined with the social structures of the location, and with the global, demographic and political processes around that location. As researchers, we should observe how the interrelatedness of the local context with mobility practices impacts mobilities in later life. Additionally, we must consider how these mobility practices relate to factors like social class and symbolic, social, and cultural capital.