bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Celebration and Financial Anxiety: Empirical Evidence from Rural India
Authors: B S Sachin , B Ramesh 
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of expenditure practices during festivities and various social ceremonies on the financial anxiety of the rural poor. Based on the study’s findings, a social work intervention was proposed to combat the financial anxiety arising due to the unregulated spending patterns of rural households. For the present study, we have deliberately adopted a descriptive research design; 640 structurally poor respondents were interviewed from rural Karnataka. The Households Financial Anxiety Assessment Scale developed by Archuleta, Dale, and Spann (2013) (FAS) was used to assess respondents’ financial anxiety. The study found that the spending patterns of poor rural households on festivities and social ceremonies lead them towards financial anxiety, financial vulnerability and continued poverty. We have attempted to draw the attention of professional social work educators to adopt the Financial Social Work model in the curriculum. We have proposed interventional strategies for Practitioners in Government and Non-Governmental organisations to practice in the field. The present study’s findings highlight the significant relationship between festivities and spending on social ceremonies and the consequent financial anxiety.
Modus Ethical Categories as a Condition for the Emergence of Phraseological Semantics, their Application in Political Discourse
Authors: Abisheva Klara , Akosheva Marzhan , Ayupova Gulbagira , Nurgazina Aiman , Ayapbergenov Bulat , Baikadamova Assel 
Published: November 2024

This article presents the results of a study of the formation processes of phraseological meanings considering cognitive-discursive conditions. Traditional and new (cognitive) approaches to the formation of phraseological semantics are analysed, and a method for the formation of phraseological meaning is proposed, namely the use of cognitive-discursive categories of state-mode. Modal categories contribute to a new moral and evaluative aspect of meaning. The research focuses on the representation of phraseological meanings in the formats of knowledge, concepts and ethical categories. The study aims to examine a new way of forming phraseological meanings based on the study of modus categories as a cognitive-discursive condition, as well as evaluative categorisation and the presentation of phraseological ethical knowledge in cognitive knowledge formats. An integrative methodological paradigm and a cognitive-semantic approach were applied in the study. Cognitive semantics offers new principles for analysing phraseological units: equality of cognitive and communicative functions of language, interdisciplinarity, multifactoriality, anthropocentricity and multilevelness. When using them, phraseological units can be studied integratively, involving knowledge and methods from various sciences. Methods of modelling, contextual inference, evaluative categorisation, interpretation, cognitive-discursive analysis and associative experiment were also used. The study analyses various points of view on the nature of phraseological semantics, the cognitive-discursive and anthropological essence of phraseological meaning, and the possibility of phraseological units acting as knowledge formats. The novelty of the work lies in the application of an integrative methodological paradigm based on cognitive-semantic and cognitive-discursive approaches, with an emphasis on the role of modus categories and evaluative categorisation in the formation of phraseological evaluative meaning in identifying the formats of phraseological knowledge, in applying a modus approach to the analysis of phraseological meanings.
Understanding Sustainable Development Goals and the Challenges of Northeast India: A Review Essay
Authors: Pulla Venkat Rao , Sharma Subhash 
Published: November 2024

With its rich cultural diversity, Northeast India presents a unique and complex challenge for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While the region has made notable progress in areas such as poverty alleviation, education, and health, the concept of diversity—intended to foster unity—has instead become a source of division. Ethnic groups in Northeast India often define their identity in opposition to perceived rivals, fuelling identity politics and deepening social divisions. This construction of “the other” has historical roots in colonial exploitation, and the legacy of ethnic violence has intensified these tensions in recent years. As ethnic identity becomes a powerful political tool, cultural symbols once tied to community pride are now weaponised for elitist power-mongering (Dutta, 2015).
This essay largely reviews the book Sustainable Development Goals in Northeast India: Challenges and Achievements, which was co-edited by Subhash Anand, MadhushreeDas, Rituparna Bhattacharyya, and RB Singh and published by Springer Nature in 2023, which can accessed at the link https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6478-7. Additional articles and books on issues linked to Northeast India's development, belonging, identity, difficulties, and responses have been undertaken to strengthen and support the central arguments critically.
The several papers included in the current review address the region’s diversity, where challenges seem to surface for implementing inclusive strategies. Evidently, more profound socio-economic inequalities and governance challenges exist. While progress has been made, key SDG indicators—such as infrastructure development, gender equality, and economic equity—remain far below the national average, limiting the region’s ability to achieve sustainable development (Bhattacharyya et al., 2023). The current review essay addresses how the manipulation of ethnic identity in Northeast India has shaped both the region’s development trajectory and its social fabric.
The critical research questions are: How has the politicisation of ethnic identity influenced the implementation of SDGs in the region? What role does governance play in overcoming the socio-economic and political divides? Can SDGs be realistically implemented in the context of “troubled diversity” (Dutta, 2015)? This review also highlights the recommendations for more inclusive, community-driven strategies to achieve sustainable development by 2030—that is not too far off.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Powerpoint Morph dalam meningkatkan Kreativitas Belajar peserta didik di SMP Negeri 18 Palembang
Authors: Firli Muhammad Robi , Fatihah Husnul 
Published: November 2024

Abstrak
Keberadaan teknologi saat ini dinilai sangat penting dalam pendidikan. Tenaga pendidik harus mampu mengasah keterampilannya dalam menguasai teknologi melalui media pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran yang cocok untuk meningkatkan kreativitas belajar peserta didik adalah media pembelajaran yang memiliki unsur visual, audio maupun audio visual. Media pembelajaran PowerPoint Morph merupakan media yang berfokus terhadap unsur visual, audio maupun audio visual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran powerpoint morph dalam meningkatkan kreativitas belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pre-experimental design dalam bentuk one-grup pretest-posstest design. Dengan populasi seluruh kelas VII dengan sampel kelas VII.8 yang berjumlah 36 orang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwasanya penerapan media pembelajaran powerpoint morph dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar peserta didik. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan melalui hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan uji paired t-test didapatkan nilai sign sebesar 0,01 ˂ 0,05, artinya hipotesis kerja (Ha) diterima dan H0 ditolak. Jadi dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dari penerapan media pembelajaran powerpoint morph dalam meningkatkan kreativitas belajar peserta didik pada kelas VII SMP Negeri 18 Palembang.
Kata kunci : kreativitas belajar, media pembelajaran, powerpoint morph
Plantar cutaneous sensation is independently associated with postural balance and lower limb motor function in older adults: The Shizuoka study
Authors: Kato Michitaka , Kito Kazuya , Nakano Satoko , Nakano Wataru , Kurita Yasunari , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Kuriyama Nagato , Seto Kazuya , Ozaki Etsuko , Tabara Yasuharu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: A relationship between decreased plantar cutaneous sensation and impaired balance function has been reported in patients with peripheral neuropathy and diabetes. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between plantar sensation and postural balance, as well as the association between plantar sensation and sarcopenia-related motor function in community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: The participants included 1,659 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 74 ± 5 years, of which 43% were male patients. Plantar cutaneous sensation thresholds were assessed using an automatic plantar sensation testing device. Postural balance was measured using one-leg standing (OLS) time. Grip strength, five-times sit-to-stand (STS) time, and normal gait speed were measured as components of muscle strength and physical function related to sarcopenia. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and leg phase angle were obtained using bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Results: Age, sex, body mass index, and leg phase angle, but not SMI and grip strength, were independently associated with the plantar sensation threshold. Plantar sensation threshold was independently associated with the OLS time (P = 0.001) and STS time (P =0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. No significant association was found between plantar sensation threshold and normal gait speed (P =0.741).
Conclusion: Plantar sensation was independently associated with postural balance and lower limb function in community-dwelling older adults. The assessment of plantar sensation could be useful for identifying factors contributing to poor postural balance and lower limb motor function.
Understanding Fundamental Differences in Symptomatic Outcomes of Hiatal versus Paraoesophageal Hernia Robotic Repairs
Authors: Aslam Arham , Hubka Michal , Sternbach Joel , Kuppusamy Madhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Hiatal hernia (HH), or type I paraoesophageal hernias (PEH), can commonly be grouped along with types II-IV PEHs. The fundamental operation performed for repair is similar for all types. We question whether the clinical outcomes following surgical repair differ. The objective of this study is to determine the differences in clinical outcomes when comparing robotic assisted surgical repair of HH versus types II-IV PEHs.
Design: This is a retrospective study analyzing 602 consecutive patients that underwent robotic assisted repair of a PEH between August 2018 and June 2024. Data was retrieved from an IRB approved database (IRB21-014).
Setting: Tertiary referral center.
Participants: Eligibility criteria included patients with objective findings of a PEH on diagnostic testing. 184 patients were excluded due to: emergent operation, repeat operations, conversion to open operation, patients pending follow up, patients lost to follow up. Patient demographics were consistent with a population-based sample.
Interventions: All patients underwent robotic assisted laparoscopic PEH repair with a fundoplication using the Da Vinci Xi robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA). No mesh implantation was used.
Measurements: The primary study outcome was postoperative symptomatic improvement when comparing HH repairs versus types II-IV PEH repairs. Secondary outcomes included other perioperative outcomes. The hypothesis was formulated before data collection started.
Results: Patients in the HH cohort showed significant reflux symptom improvement postoperatively (98% vs 12.2%, p<0.01). PEH patients also showed similar improvements in reflux symptoms (84.8% vs 25%, p<0.01). Symptomatic improvement of dysphagia was found to be significant only in the PEH cohort (54% vs 17.8%, p<0.01)
Conclusion: HHs and PEHs are two distinct entities that present with different symptoms; however, the fundamental operation is similar. Symptomatic outcomes differ between the two patient populations, even with the same surgical management.
Metagenomic analysis of human, animal, and environmental samples identifies potential emerging pathogens, profiles antibiotic resistance genes, and reveals horizontal gene transfer dynamics
Authors: Napit Rajindra , Gurung Anupama , Poudel Ajit , Chaudhary Ashok , Manadhar Prajwol , Sharma Ajay Narayan , Raut Samita , Pradhan Saman Man , Joshi Jyotsna , Poyet Mathilde , Groussin Mathieu , Rajbhandari Rajesh M. , Karmacharya Dibesh B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rapidly emerging global health crisis, projected to cause 10.2 million deaths annually by 2050. The unregulated and indiscriminate use of antibiotics is driving the swift emergence and spread of AMR, a problem worsened by the release of untreated wastewater from high-risk sources, such as hospitals, into rivers. Bacteria often acquire resistance through horizontal gene transfer, and specific environments, like the human gut or soil, can serve as hotspots for the emergence of novel antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. Shotgun metagenomics can be used to profile the AMR of a given microbiome and help detect MDR bacteria that might otherwise go unnoticed. However, current AMR reporting is largely based on clinical cases, offering limited insights into specific pathogens and their associated AMR genes. Our study aims to advance the understanding of the natural distribution and dissemination of AMR. In particular, we focused on the presence of AMR mutations and gene transfer dynamics in human, animal, and environmental samples collected from a temporary settlement in Kathmandu, Nepal, using a One Health approach. Twenty-one samples were collected from a temporary settlement in Thapathali, Kathmandu, including fecal samples from birds (n = 3), humans (n = 14), and the environment (n = 4). Prevotella spp. was the dominant gut bacterium in human samples. A diverse range of phages and viruses were detected, including Stx-2 converting phages. In total, 72 virulence factors and 53 antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) subtypes were identified, with poultry samples showing the highest number of ARG subtypes. Using a One Health-based metagenomics approach, we identified various pathogenic bacteria and virulence genes in both human and avian samples, underscoring the interconnectedness of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across different domains. Heavy antibiotic use in poultry and clinical settings likely contributes to the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Our analysis indicates frequent horizontal gene transfer, with gut microbiomes serving as key reservoirs for ARGs. Despite certain challenges, metagenomics shows significant potential for advancing our understanding of AMR dynamics. We emphasize the need for a One Health approach and robust global surveillance systems to enable the early detection and control of AMR, safeguarding public health.
Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Practice Among Iranian Physicians and Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Hajesfandyari Javad , Abbasinejad Shaghayegh , Oladi Niousha , Taghavi Tohid , Lavasani Eiliya Navaee , Jafari Atieh , Baghani Matin , Akhlaghdoust Meisam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare is rapidly advancing; however, research on its acceptance among medical professionals in Iran remains limited. This study aimed to assess the acceptance of AI in medical practice among Iranian physicians and medical students.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and June 2023 at multiple medical institutions in Iran. The study included 535 participants (351 medical students and 184 physicians) who completed an online questionnaire assessing awareness, experience, attitudes, and willingness to adopt AI in clinical practice.
Results
Medical students reported significantly higher use of AI-based decision support systems (89.5%) than physicians (45.1%) (p = 0.038). Both groups frequently encountered AI errors (physicians: 65.1%, students: 68.5%). Attitudes toward AI were generally positive, with no significant differences based on gender or surgical specialty. However, years of medical experience significantly influenced attitudes (p = 0.02), with less experienced professionals showing more positive attitudes.
Conclusions
This study revealed a generational shift in AI adoption, with medical students showing higher acceptance rates. Although the attitudes were generally positive, the high prevalence of AI errors highlights the need for improved system reliability and targeted training programs. These findings have important implications for medical education, healthcare institutions, and AI developers in the evolving landscape of AI integration in Iranian healthcare.
The clinical characteristics and response at head-up tilt test of patients with micturition syncope:single center experience in China
Authors: Li Jing , Xiao Xuan , He Shunzhi , Sun Haitao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective The study compared clinical characteristics and response at head-up tilt test (HUTT) between micturition syncope (MS) and typical vasovagal syncope (VVS).
Methods Consecutive patients who underwent nitroglycerin-potentiated HUTT were retrospectively dichotomised into two groups: those with a history of MS and those with a history of VVS. The patients with MS were further subdivided into patients with MS alone and with MS and at least one episode of VVS.
Results 2637 patients were enrolled:204 had MS (MS alone in 103 and MS+VVS in 101),216 had typical VVS. Patients with MS were older (38.6±13.1vs 36.3±18.5, P=0003) and more likely males (66.2% vs 48.1%, P＜0.001). At multivariable analysis, smoking habit (OR 2.16, p<0.0001), history of traumatic syncope (OR 2.24, p=0.0001) and drinking alcohol before syncope (OR 2.63, p<0.0001) were independently associated with MS. HUTT was positive in 141 (69.1%) patients with MS and in 144 (66.7%) patients with VVS (p=0.592). Patients with MS showed more mixed (46.1% vs 28.2%, p<0.001) and vasodepressor forms (15.2% vs 7.9%, p=0.013) and less cardioinhibitory responses compared with others (7.4% vs 30.6%, p<0.001).
Conclusions Compared with VVS, patients with MS have different clinical characteristics and drinking alcohol was an important recipitating factor for MS. The positivity rate of HUTT is high and similar to that of VVS, although patients with MS show a higher prevalence of hypotensive responses
Comparing the bowel cleansing effects between sodium picosulfate and 2L polyethylene glycol: A real-world study
Authors: Su Yang , Luo Dan , Jiang lin , zhang chen , Liu Yifeng , Sun Xiaobin , Shan Jing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to compare the bowel cleansing efficacy, adverse reactions, and patient compliance of two low-volume bowel preparation regimens, sodium picosulfate (PICO) and 2L polyethylene glycol (2L PEG), in a "real-world" setting.
Methods: This single-center, observational trial was conducted at the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center of The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu between May and October 2023. Patients undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled, with the primary outcome being the rate of adequate bowel cleansing, as assessed by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). Secondary outcomes included polyp detection rate, adverse reactions, and patient compliance.
Results: A total of 5423 patients were included, divided into the PICO group (n=739) and the 2L PEG group (n=4684) based on the bowel preparation regimen used. Both groups achieved an adequate bowel cleansing rate exceeding 90% (92.2% vs. 91.3%, P=0.437), with comparable polyp detection rates (42.2% vs. 45.5%, P=0.096) and high willingness to repeat the procedure (99.2% vs. 99%, P=0.588). Notably, total colon and right colon cleansing were more effective in the PICO group compared to the 2L PEG group [(6.90 ± 1.19) vs. (6.81 ± 1.14), P=0.016; (2.15 ± 0.53) vs. (2.11 ± 0.51), P=0.005]. Adverse reactions differed between the groups, with the PICO group experiencing less nausea (5.7% vs. 11.7%, P<0.001) but more sleep disturbances (24.5% vs. 14.6%, P<0.001).
Conclusion: In this real-world study, both PICO and 2L PEG regimens achieved adequate bowel preparation and comparable polyp detection rates. Despite differing adverse reaction profiles more nausea in the 2L PEG group and more sleep disturbances in the PICO group nearly all patients expressed willingness to repeat the same regimen. Thus, both PICO and 2L PEG are safe and effective options for bowel cleansing in the Chinese population.
Revealing mechanism of pore defect formation in laser directed energy deposition of aluminum alloy via in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Yuxiao , Zhang Bingbing , Yao Chunxia , Zhang Dongsheng , Sun Darui , Wu Yu , Chen Sen , Wang Jun , Wang Han , Luo S. N. , Lu Lei , Tao Ye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Laser metal additive manufacturing technology is capable of producing components with complex geometries and compositions that cannot be realized by conventional manufacturing methods. However, a large number of pores generated during the additive manufacturing process greatly affect the mechanical properties of the additively manufactured parts, and the mechanism of such pore generation has not been revealed by direct observation clearly. Here, we report the mechanism of pore generation in the laser direct energy deposition process as revealed by {\it in-situ} high-speed high-resolution synchrotron X-ray imaging. We found that dissolution and re-precipitation of external gases and precipitation of metal vapors are the two main mechanisms of pore formation. We further explored the effects of different process parameters on the generation of pores and optimized the process to suppress pore generation. This work provides important insights into the formation of porosity defects during laser metal additive manufacturing, and can provide guidance for related process optimization.
To compare patient's compliance and efficacy of intestinal cleanser alternately used with PEG-ELS and iced tea drink with the mixture of PEG-ELS and iced tea drink: a prospective randomised controlled study
Authors: Xu Qin , Zhang Min , Gu Shuiqin , Xu Jianping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Colonoscopy is considered as a standard procedure for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer. Adequate intestinal preparation is a prerequisite for high-quality colonoscopy, which is closely related to the diagnostic accuracy and treatment safety of colonoscopy. Adding PEG-ELS into sports drinks to adjust the taste can improve patients' compliance and the quality of intestinal preparation. From October2023 to June 2024, a single-center, blind, randomized controlled trial of endoscopists has been implemented. 300 patients over the age of 18 underwent colonoscopy, and the patients were randomly assigned to warm water group (N= 100), mixed group (N =100) or alternate group (N=100) before receiving 3 L PEG-ELS solution combined with colonoscopy. Results The drinking amount of PEG -ELS solution, vomiting and the taste of intestine-clearing agent in group C were significantly better than those in group A and group B (P<0.01). Compared with Group A, Group B also performed better in these aspects. Group C also performed well in the quality of intestinal preparation, willingness to re-examine, clear intestinal vision and presence of polyps, which were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). Taking compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder and iced tea beverage alternately before colonoscopy has high compliance and curative effect, and it is recommended to be popularized in clinic.