bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of short courses on perception to use of ultrasound in trauma and ICU settings
Authors: Thapa Amit , KC Bidur , Shakya Bikram 
Published: May 2018

Background: Since 2012 we have been routinely conducting Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital Ultrasound Trauma Life Support (KUTLS) courses. Unlike detailed examination of an organ with an ultrasound as performed by radiologist, we profess sonoscopic based problem solving approach for the clinician as he uses his stethoscope. The initial skepticism to use of sonoscope in a systematic methodical way has been seen to be fading.Objectives: We conducted a survey to see the change in knowledge and attitude of the clinicians to use of sonoscopy after a short focused but systematic training program.Methodology: We studied the questionnaire based feedback forms of the participants in the last 5 course of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital Ultrasound Trauma Life Support (KUTLS) workshop and analyzed the change in perception and understanding as well as improvement in scores of the post test.Results: A total of 152 delegates actively participated in five sessions workshops since 2012. The most common reasons to attend the workshop was to develop the skill with sonoscope, 95% participant did not have any past experience of sonoscopy. Almost 98% scored more than 75% in the post-workshop test compared to only 33% in the pre-workshop test suggesting fast learning curve among the learners. Almost 100% were convinced with the applicability of the USG and had wished to change their practice.Conclusion: A structured use of sonoscope would be helpful in clinical practice particularly in solving difficult questions urgently in trauma and Intensive Care Unit. Workshops and seminars help change attitude and practice of the participants even with no prior formal training in ultrasound.
Liberalisme versus Perfeksionisme? Sebuah Tinjauan Filsafat Politik tentang Relasi Antara Agama dan Negara
Authors: Madung Otto Gusti 
Published: May 2018

Intolerance and violence in the name of religion often flare up in Indonesia. In
this regard the state often fails, and indeed itself becomes part of the violation
of the citizen’s right to religious freedom. One root of the problem is a confused
understanding among law enforcers and among a part of the citizenship concerning
the relationship between religion and the state, between private and public
morality. This essay attempts to formulate a concept of the relationship between
religion and the state from the perspective of two models from political philosophy,
namely liberalism and perfectionism.
Perfectionism offers a solution to the pathology of liberalism which tends to privatise
the concept of the good life. In perfectionism the thematisation of the concept of the
good life as in ideologies and religions has to be given a place in the public sphere.
In Indonesia this role is taken by the national ideology of Pancasila. Pancasila
requires that religious values be translated into public morality.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> liberalisme, perfeksionisme, konsep hidup baik (agama),
negara, Pancasila.
GLOBALISASI EKONOMI, BUDAYA KAPITALIS DAN DEMOKRASI
Authors: Dua Mikhael 
Published: May 2018

Globalization, as Anthony Giddens defines it, denotes a shift in the spatial form
of human organization and activity to transcontinental or inter-regional patterns
of activity, interaction and exercise of power. Under the spirit of capitalism, it
can destroy our jobs, hollow out the decision-making power of government, and
even threaten the nation-state as the nub of our kind of democracy. Critics of
globalization worry about the inability of governments to set their own economic
policies. They also worry about the increased power of financial markets to cause
economic havoc. Looking at the ethical proposal to this problematic context, this
article proposes that we move from an ethical study of the rational foundations
of moral norms to a political reflection on the democratic construction of social
norms. In such democratic construction, the plurality of views of life will be
protected against overweening global capitalism.

<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> Globalisasi, kapitalisme, etika, demokrasi
PIRAMIDA UANG ITU ADALAH PERDAGANGAN ORANG: Eksploitasi Perempuan dan Anak Perempuan
Authors: Nurherwati Sri 
Published: May 2018

The author, a member of the National Commission on Violence against Women,
presents data from the Commission on domestic violence and the trafficking of
women and girls over the past dozen years (2001-2013). Through false promises
of well paying jobs and the provision of false documents, the trafficking victims,
often already in debt in their home of origin, are lured into further debt in their
distant place of forced employment. Sexual exploitation is never far from physical
and emotional violence.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> Komnas Perempuan, korban kekerasan, perdagangan
orang, pelaku kekerasan, pemalsuan, perlindungan TKI.
MENGAPA ORANG KATOLIK MASIH MENJALANKAN RITUAL MARAPU? Menguak Praktik Iman Ganda Di Loura
Authors: Panda Herman Punda 
Published: May 2018

The phenomenon of dualism in practising the faith among Catholics who
converted from Sumbanese ethnic religion (Marapu) is a real challenge
faced by the Catholic Church in Sumba. Such dualism is transparent
in the practices of using simultaneously both Catholic and Marapu
rites in the popular religiosity of Sumbanese Catholics. Both Catholic
priests and Marapu ritual leaders are asked by the people, on different
occassions, to perform rituals for their benefit. These two kinds of ritual
leaders are equally considered as mediators of communication between
human beings and the supernatural world. Such a practice reveals a deep
encounter between Catholic and Sumbanese ethnic religion regarding
the form, direction and means of communication between humans
and supernatural beings. The author’s fieldwork at Weepangali in the
district of Sumba Barat Daya, from January to August 2013, reveals a
new concept and understanding of mediation, that is a mixture between
a Catholic concept and a Marapu one. Some supernatural figures in
Marapu religion are equated with those in Catholic devotions. This new
understanding, however, is not formally and institutionally recognized
in either the Marapu or Catholic hierarchies, but rather found more
informally and spontaneously in the religious experience of Sumbanese
Catholics. This phenomenon indicates the strong mutual influence
between Catholic and Marapu experience, after a prolonged and ongoing
encounter.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> Dunia empiris, dunia meta-empiris, ritual Marapu,
doktrin Katolik, pengalaman religius, pengantaraan, perjumpaan.
GLOBALISASI DAN KONSILI VATIKAN II DI ASIA
Authors: Muller Johannes 
Published: May 2018

This paper gives some basic ideas regarding the relationship between globalisation
and the Second Vatican Council in Asia as a starting point for more detailed
studies in the future. The first part discusses the situation of the churches at
the edge of Asian societies and Asian socio-cultural contexts as influenced
by globalisation. Then some social concerns are outlined such as poverty,
authoritarian regimes and ecological dangers where the church and Asian societies
encounter each other. Church engagement in these issues is justified by reference to
a number of Counciliar documents such as the Gaudium et spes Constitution
and the Diginitatis humanae Declaration. The final part outlines a number
of problems such as inculturation, inter-religious dialogue and religious-cultural
dialogue. The author emphasises that this paper is not a theological evaluation,
but rather a sociological one.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> globalisasi, Konsili Vatikan II, Asia, Gereja, konteks
sosio-budaya, pembangunan.
CREDIT UNION SEBAGAI GERAKAN SOSIAL
Authors: Chang William 
Published: May 2018

As a social movement, Credit Unions (CU) display the social, economic and
cultural strength of little people. In line with contemporary developments and the
advance of modern technology, the management of CUs needs to be monitored,
evaluated and adapted to the social, economic and political situation that is
continually changing. Nevertheless, in the midst of change the values of the CU
are perennial and are very much needed in the movement. After looking at the
founding and development, strengthens and weaknesses of the CU, this essay
advances concrete steps for handling them.

<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> CU, gerakan sosial, kesejahteraan, pembudayaan
nilai-nilai, keadilan, kearifan, keberanian, kejujuran dan tanggungjawab,
tantangan-tantangan CU.
TEOLOGI PARA KUDUS: INSPIRASI BERTEOLOGI PADA MASA KINI
Authors: Olla Paulinus Yan 
Published: May 2018

This study explores the nature of “The theology of the saints”
and its contribution to theological inquiry today. John Paul II in his
Apostolic Letter, Novo Millennio Ineunte (2001) officially applied the
term “lived theology” to the lives of the saints. This kind of theology,
known as scientia amoris (knowledge of faith through an experience of
love), is not in opposition to classical theological reflection as scientia
fidei (knowledge of faith through reason). Regarding the formulation
of ideas, on one side, the mystic saints usually express their “lived
theology” through the language of symbols or metaphor. In this way,
they enrich scientific and technical theological expressions in classical
theology. Finally, the theology of saints can also help to inspire our way
of doing theology. The point is, theological research should count on
lived experience as its strating point rather than abstractions about God.

<b>Keywords:</b> Theologians, saints, holiness, mysticism, symbolic.

Artikel ini menempatkan “teologi para kudus” sebagai
titik awal penyelidikan teologi dewasa ini. Yohanes Paulus II dalam
Surat Apostoliknya, Novo Millennio Ineunte (2001) telah secara resmi
menerapkan istilah ini untuk menerangkan kehidupan para kudus
sebagai “teologi hidup”. Teologi semacam ini, yang dikenal juga
sebagai scientia amoris (pengetahuan iman melalui pengalaman cinta),
tidak bertentangan dengan refleksi teologis klasik sebagai scientia fidei
(pengetahuan tentang iman berdasarkan akal budi). Orang-orang mistik
suci biasanya mengekspresikan “teologi hidup” mereka melalui bahasa
simbol atau beberapa ungkapan metafora. Dengan cara itu, mereka
memperkaya ungkapan teologis dan teknik berteologi. Akhirnya, teologi
para kudus dapat berkontribusi terhadap setiap upaya melakukan
teologi. Intinya ialah bahwa penelitian teologis harus mengandalkan
pengalaman hidup sebagai titik acuan dan bukan hanya abstraksi akan
Tuhan.

<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> Teolog, para kudus, kesucian, mistik, simbolis.
PIERRE TEILHARD DE CHARDIN IMAM DI TENGAH PERANG
Authors: Firmanto Antonius Denny 
Published: May 2018

World War I was a horrifying episode in human history. Some,
however, saw past the brutality of the fighting, the squalid conditions of
the trenches, and the excessive casualties on both sides, and instead saw
God. World War I led to questions about humanity and its meaning.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin was one of thousands of clergy, religious, and
seminarians who experienced World War I as a conscript in Northern
France.
<b>Keywords:</b> priest, élan vital, war

Perang Dunia I adalah salah satu periode yang paling mengerikan
dalam sejarah manusia. Kendatipun demikian, di tengah kondisi nan
brutal seperti itu sesungguhnya orang masih sanggup menemukan Allah.
Perang Dunia I, bagaimanapun, menimbulkan pertanyaan mendasar
tentang kemanusiaan dan maknanya. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin adalah
salah satu dari ribuan klerus, religius, dan seminaris yang mengalami
Perang Dunia I sebagai prajurit di Perancis Utara.
<b>Kata-kata kunci: imam, elan vital, perang</b>
MASALAH SAMPAH DAN BUDAYA PEMISKINAN (Studi Kasus Sampah di Maumere) | WASTE AND THE CULTURE OF IMPOVERISHMENT (Case Study on Waste in Maumere)
Authors: Klau Amandus Benediktus Seran 
Published: May 2018

<b>Abstract:</b> Waste is generated by humans from a production
process, both industrial and household. Waste is what’s left
over from daily activities and is considered useless. However,
when waste is recycled and reprocessed into something useful,
waste obtains an economic value again. And so, piles of waste
are simultaneously changed not only into arenas where the poor
compete, but also into arenas where humans prey on each other.
On piles of waste, we find never-ending poverty, which is prepared
by the state and permitted by the Church. On piles of waste, we
find an enduring culture of poverty.Using qualitative methods and
a case-study approach, this study aims to uncover the practice of
enduring poverty in the town of Maumere.

<b>Keywords:</b> waste, scavengers, culture of impoverishment.

<b>Abstrak:</b> Sampah adalah buangan yang dihasilkan manusia dari
suatu proses produksi, baik industri maupun rumah tangga. Sampah
merupakan sisa kegiatan sehari-hari manusia yang dianggap
sudah tidak berguna. Namun, ketika sampah harus didaur ulang
dan diolah kembali menjadi sesuatu yang berguna, sampah pun
kembali mempunyai nilai ekonomis. Ketika itu, tumpukan sampah
serentak berubah tidak saja menjadi arena adu nasib, tetapi juga
arena saling memangsa. Di atas tumpukan sampah, kita temukan
praktik pemiskinan tanpa akhir, yang dikondisikan oleh negara
dan dibiarkan oleh Gereja. Di atas tumpukan sampah, ditemukan
budaya pemiskinan yang langgeng di Kota Maumere. Dengan
menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan studi kasus,
penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan praktik pemiskinan tanpa
akhir tersebut.

<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> sampah, pemulung, budaya pemiskinan.
PERSOALAN SAMPAH DALAM TERANG PEMIKIRAN ISLAM (Sebuah Catatan Evaluatif terhadap Status Manusia sebagai Abdi Allah dan Khalifah) | THE PROBLEM OF GARBAGE IN THE LIGHT OF ISLAMIC THOUGHT (Notes on the Status of Men and Women as Servants of God and as Caliphs)
Authors: Maku Hendrikus 
Published: May 2018

<b>Abstract:</b> The problem of garbage is the issue of how human
beings understand and bring alive the concept of himself or
herself. Islam as a Gospel of Action has a certain perspective
about human beings and the environment. Human beings, as
written in some letters and hadith, are the most perfect part of
God’s creation (kāmil) to whom two status are attributed, namely
servant of God and Caliph. As servant of God and as Caliph,
human beings are God’s chosen creation who are entrusted to
take care of the universe. If so, then the problem of garbage which
arises from the brutality of humans is a provocation attacking the
status of human beings as the servant of God and Caliph.

<b>Keywords:</b> Garbage, Islam, God, the servant of God, Caliph,
human beings.

<b>Abstrak:</b> Persoalan sampah adalah persoalan tentang bagaimana
manusia memahami dan menghidupi konsep tentang dirinya.
Islam sebagai agama amal memiliki perspektif tertentu mengenai
manusia dan lingkungannya. Manusia, sebagaimana tersurat
dalam beberapa surat dan hadit adalah ciptaan Allah yang paling
sempurna (kāmil), padanya diatributkan status sebagai Abdi
Allah dan Khalifah. Sebagai Abdi Allah dan Khalifah, manusia
adalah ciptaan pilihan Allah yang dipercayakan untuk merawat
alam semesta. Kalau demikian, maka persoalan sampah yang lahir
dari rahim kebiadaban manusia adalah sebuah gugatan terhadap
jati diri manusia sebagai Abdi Allah dan Khalifah.

<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> sampah, Islam, Allah, abdi Allah, Khalifah,
lingkungan hidup, manusia.
LATAR BELAKANG, WARNA DASAR, DAN PENGARUH REFORMASI PROTESTAN TAHUN 1517 | BACKGROUND, BASIC CONTOURS AND IMPACT OF THE 1517 PROTESTANT REFORMATION
Authors: Kirchberger George Ludwig 
Published: May 2018

<b>Abstract:</b> This article illustrates the background of. and reasons
for, the Reformation, the basic contours of Luther’s theology
and the Reformation movement he initiated, and the influence
of the Reformation movement on the present situation. A brief
description of the post-Reformation inter-Christian Church
controversies for approximately 400 years is also presented,
highlighting the fact that the theology of the time was unaware
of the contextual influence of a text as the deepest reason for the
controversy. The hermeneutical consciousness of the twentieth
century led theology to overcome various inter-Christian
Church controversies by showing that different and seemingly
contradictory formulas could express the same truth, provided that
each was placed in its original context. The author proposes as an
example of the influence of the events of the Reformation on the
present situation, the very important issue of religious freedom in
situations such as Indonesia with a variety of religions and beliefs.
In concluding the author gives advice on how different Christian
Churches can learn from each other, so that they remain active
in renewing the Church according to the ecclesia semper reformanda
principle.

<b>Keywords:</b> Reformation, Martin Luther, ecumenical, interChristian
Church relationship, World Council of Churches.

<b>Abstrak:</b> Artikel ini menggambarkan latar belakang dan alasan
peristiwa Reformasi, warna dasar teologi Luther dan gerakan
Reformasi yang dibangunnya, serta pengaruh gerakan Reformasi
terhadap situasi dewasa ini. Deskripsi singkat kontroversi
antar-Gereja Kristen pasca-Reformasi selama kurang lebih 400
tahun juga dimuat di sini dengan menampilkan kenyataan
bahwa teologi waktu itu tidak menyadari pengaruh konteks
atas suatu teks sebagai alasan terdalam lahirnya kontroversi
itu. Kesadaran hermeneutis membuat teologi pada abad XX itu
sanggup mengatasi pelbagai kontroversi antar-Gereja Kristen
dengan membuktikan, rumusan yang berbeda dan bertentangan
bisa menyatakan kebenaran yang sama, asalkan masing-masing
ditempatkan dalam konteksnya yang asli. Sebagai suatu contoh
pengaruh peristiwa Reformasi atas situasi dewasa ini, pengarang
mengemukakan kebebasan beragama yang sangat penting dalam
situasi seperti di Indonesia dengan anekaragam agama dan
kepercayaan. Pada tempat terakhir penulis memberikan anjuran
tentang bagaimana Gereja-gereja Kristen yang berbeda bisa saling
belajar, agar mereka tetap aktif membarui Gereja seturut prinsip
ecclesia semper reformanda.
<b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> reformasi, Martin Luther, ekumene, relasi
antar-Gereja Kristen, World Council of Churches.
Electron–Positron Pair Flow and Current Composition in the Pulsar Magnetosphere
Authors: Brambilla Gabriele , Kalapotharakos Constantinos , Timokhin Andrey N. , Harding Alice K. , Kazanas Demosthenes 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We perform ab initio particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a pulsar magnetosphere with electron–positron plasma produced only in the regions close to the neutron star surface. We study how the magnetosphere transitions from the vacuum to a nearly force-free configuration. We compare the resulting force-free-like configuration with those obtained in a PIC simulation where particles are injected everywhere as well as with macroscopic force-free simulations. We find that, although both PIC solutions have similar structure of electromagnetic fields and current density distributions, they have different particle density distributions. In fact, in the injection from the surface solution, electrons and positrons counterstream only along parts of the return current regions and most of the particles leave the magnetosphere without returning to the star. We also find that pair production in the outer magnetosphere is not critical for filling the whole magnetosphere with plasma. We study how the current density distribution supporting the global electromagnetic configuration is formed by analyzing particle trajectories. We find that electrons precipitate to the return current layer inside the light cylinder and positrons precipitate to the current sheet outside the light cylinder by crossing magnetic field lines, contributing to the charge density distribution required by the global electrodynamics. Moreover, there is a population of electrons trapped in the region close to the Y-point. On the other hand, the most energetic positrons are accelerated close to the Y-point. These processes can have observational signatures that, with further modeling effort, would help to distinguish this particular magnetosphere configuration from others.
Data on and methodology for measurements of microclimate and matter dynamics in transition zones between forest and adjacent arable land
Authors: Schmidt Martin , Lischeid Gunnar , Nendel Claas 
Published: May 2018

Ecosystems are often defined by visually perceived boundaries, while for many properties sharp boundaries are difficult to draw. Boundaries between terrestrial ecosystems have often been described with much emphasis on edge effects, which is the impact of the presence of one ecosystem on an adjacent ecosystem. At the boundary of forested and agricultural ecosystems, measurements of environmental variables exist almost only for the forested area, describing the extent of a transition zone and the rates of exchange of matter, energy and information from the zero line (edge) into the forest. The opposite direction has been nearly neglected so far. Microclimatic variables differ in magnitude in the transition zone between arable land and forest. They affect habitat properties, biotic activity, carbon and nitrogen stocks, as well as turn-over rates under the different input of organic matter.
We conducted microclimatic measurements in two 105 m long transects perpendicular to the boundaries in transition zones of forests to arable land for more than one year. In addition, we measured aboveground biomass, litterfall, soil carbon and nitrogen content. In this paper, we explain the measurement design and methodology as well as make the data openly accessible.
Nasal–Oral Water Administration for Rehydration of Juvenile Mohave Desert Tortoises
Authors: Field Kimberleigh J. , Johnson Jay D. , Lamberski Nadine 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Some terrestrial chelonians, including Mohave desert tortoises Gopherus agassizii, reabsorb water from urine stored in their bladders, and thus they may experience an elevated risk of dehydration if they urinate in response to interactions with humans. Field biologists can use several methods to attempt to replace voided urine with hydrating fluids, but each has drawbacks or unknown efficacy. Here we evaluate the efficacy of offering juvenile Mohave desert tortoises water via needle-free syringe for ingestion through the nasal and oral passages. Only tortoises offered ≥ 12 mL of water, which equated to ≥ 40 mL of water/kg body weight, gained weight during the hydration attempt. We recommend that field biologists offer at least 40 mL of water/kg body weight when using the nasal–oral hydration method with a minimum of 15 mL offered regardless of body weight. The nasal–oral technique and minimum volume recommendations may be useful for other terrestrial chelonians, and we recommend attempting rehydration via this simple technique when alternate methods are not available to alleviate the potentially harmful effects of handling-induced loss of urine.