bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among Chinese old people
Authors: SHA SHA , Yuebin Xu , Lin Chen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: loneliness has been observed to be associated with subsequent adverse outcomes. Our study aims to investigate whether and how loneliness is related to frailty transition. Methods: our study used 8425 participants (aged>=60) from 2008 and 2011 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely and isolated and grouped into three levels of loneliness: never, seldom and often. Frailty was contrasted in physical frailty and frailty index. Frailty transition as outcome variable has been designed as two types according the mearsurement of frailty: remaining robust or prefrail, improvement, worsening and remaining frail was used to describe the transition of physical frailty, and we created three categories of frailty index change to investigate the association between loneliness and frailty transition. Results: greater loneliness reduced the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty state after adjusting: odds ratios (95% CI) was 0.78(0.67-0.90), adjusted for age, gender, components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty after 3 years: compared with those never loneliness, the odds ratios (95% CI) for people who often loneliness were 1.19(1.01-1.40), adjusted for age, gender and components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. The association between loneliness and the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty states had no gender difference, adjusted for age and components number of frail scale at baseline, whereas loneliness was no longer significant in female participants after adjusting for all covariates. Male participants with often loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state even with all covariates. By contrast, loneliness showed no significant relationship with physical frailty improvement and remaining frail. We found no significant relationship with loneliness under the model of the frailty index. Conclusion: old adults with a high level of loneliness tend to be physical frailty state in the future, and male older with a high level of loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state.
Association between renal function and bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhan Junkun , Wang Yanjiao , Wang Yi , He Jieyu , Huang Wu , Sheng Zhifeng , Liu Youshuo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The relationship between renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of renal function with BMD and osteoporosis risk in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 776 healthy postmenopausal Chinese women. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMDs. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical data were obtained at the time of image acquisition. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using a Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Results: Women with eGFR levels of at least 90 ml/min/1.73 m 2 had a lower prevalence of osteoporosis compared with women with decreased eGFR levels (eGFR <90.0 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). BMDs at femoral neck and total hip were significantly lower in the lower eGFR class than the higher class (0.717 ± 0.106 vs 0.744 ± 0.125 g/cm 2 , P < 0.01; 0.796 ± 0.116 vs 0.823 ± 0.129 g/cm 2 , P < 0.01, respectively). eGFR was positively correlated with BMDs at femoral neck and total hip in unadjusted analysis ( P <0.05). After controlling for age, menopausal duration and body mass index (BMI), decreased eGFR was not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Conclusions: After adjustments for age, menopausal duration and BMI, the decline in renal function was not an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women.
Design and construction of household ventilated improved pit latrines: gaps between conventional technical guidelines and construction practices in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Obeng Peter Appiah , Obeng Panin Asirifua , Awere Eric 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the gaps that exist between ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine construction practices in Cape Coast, Ghana, and conventional technical guidelines, and to assess how any non-compliance with technical guidelines influences the users' perception of odour and fly nuisances. An inspection guide was used to assess 127 VIP latrines, while a questionnaire survey was used to obtain feedback from 211 users of the latrines on their perception of odour and fly nuisance. Not a single latrine was found to be fitted with a vent pipe that satisfied the recommended diameter of 150 mm. Aside from the vent pipe diameter, only 5.5% of latrines complied with all four other design guidelines that were assessed. However, with the exception of failure to install insect screens on vent pipes, which was associated with the users seeing flies in the latrine cubicles, failure to comply with other guidelines did not necessarily lead to significantly higher user perception of the targeted nuisance. The findings of the study suggest that user perception of odour in their latrines may be more influenced by non-structural factors such as the management or cleanliness of the latrines rather than their structural designs.
Prediction Model of Early Return to Hospital after Discharge Following Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Jiann-Der , Lee Tsong-Hai , Huang Yen-Chu , Lee Meng , Kuo Ya-Wen , Huang Ya-Chi , Hu Ya-Han 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Reducing hospital readmissions for stroke remains a significant challenge
to improve outcomes and decrease healthcare costs.

Methods:
We analyzed 10,034 adult patients with ischemic stroke, presented within 24 hours of
onset from a hospital-based stroke registry. The risk factors for early return to hospital after discharge
were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree
(CART) analyses.

Results:
Among the study population, 277 (2.8%) had 3-day Emergency Department (ED) reattendance,
534 (5.3%) had 14-day readmission, and 932 (9.3%) had 30-day readmission. Multivariate
logistic regression revealed that age, nasogastric tube feeding, indwelling urinary catheter,
healthcare utilization behaviour, and stroke severity were major and common risk factors for an
early return to the hospital after discharge. CART analysis identified nasogastric tube feeding and
length of stay for 72-hour ED reattendance, Barthel Index (BI) score, total length of stay in the
Year Preceding the index admission (YLOS), indwelling urinary catheter, and age for 14-day readmission,
and nasogastric tube feeding, BI score, YLOS, and number of inpatient visits in the
year preceding the index admission for 30-day readmission as important factors to classify the patients
into subgroups.

Conclusions:
Although CART analysis did not improve the prediction of an early return to the hospital
after stroke compared with logistic regression models, decision rules generated by CART can
easily be interpreted and applied in clinical practice.
An Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Mobile Health System for Early Warning for Stroke Risk: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Zhou Silu , Rezaei Shahbaz , Liu Xin , Huang Anpeng 
Published: September 2019

Background
Stroke, as a leading cause of death around the globe, has become a heavy burden on our society. Studies show that stroke can be predicted and prevented if a person’s blood pressure (BP) status is appropriately monitored via an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) system. However, currently there exists no efficient and user-friendly ABPM system to provide early warning for stroke risk in real-time. Moreover, most existing ABPM devices measure BP during the deflation of the cuff, which fails to reflect blood pressure accurately.

Objective
In this study, we sought to develop a new ABPM mobile health (mHealth) system that was capable of monitoring blood pressure during inflation and could detect early stroke-risk signals in real-time.

Methods
We designed an ABPM mHealth system that is based on mobile network infrastructure and mobile apps. The proposed system contains two major parts: a new ABPM device in which an inflation-type BP measurement algorithm is embedded, and an abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm for stroke-risk prediction services at our health data service center. For evaluation, the ABPM device was first tested using simulated signals and compared with the gold standard of a mercury sphygmomanometer. Then, the performance of our proposed mHealth system was evaluated in an observational study.

Results
The results are presented in two main parts: the device test and the longitudinal observational studies of the presented system. The average measurement error of the new ABPM device with the inflation-type algorithm was less than 0.55 mmHg compared to a reference device using simulated signals. Moreover, the results of correlation coefficients and agreement analyses show that there is a strong linear correlation between our device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. In the case of the system observational study, we collected a data set with 88 features, including real-time data, user information, and user records. Our abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm achieved the best performance, with an area under the curve of 0.904 for the low risk level, 0.756 for the caution risk level, and 0.912 for the high-risk level. Our system enables a patient to be aware of their risk in real-time, which improves medication adherence with risk self-management.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this device is the first ABPM device that measures blood pressure during the inflation process and has obtained a government medical license. Device tests and longitudinal observational studies were conducted in Peking University hospitals, and they showed the device’s high accuracy for BP measurements, its efficiency in detecting early signs of stroke, and its efficiency at providing an early warning for stroke risk.
Algunas contribuciones de las Ciencias Sociales al conocimiento y prevención de los desastres naturales: el caso de México
Authors: Dettmer Jorge 
Published: September 2019

El artículo está abocado al análisis de los principales aportes de los científicos sociales mexicanos al conocimiento de los impactos sociales provocados por desastres naturales. Después de exponer algunos de los enfoques teórico-metodológicos utilizados en los estudios sobre desasnes naturales, se examinan diversas problemáticas investigadas en el caso de México, sugiriendo al final nuevas líneas de análisis que podrían contribuir a reducir los riesgos y el potencial destructivo de las impredecibles fuerzas de la naturaleza.
El Aprendizaje Híbrido y la educación digital del profesorado universitario
Authors: Balladares Burgos Jorge 
Published: September 2019

El aprendizaje híbrido o el aprendizaje mixto es una modalidad de aprendizaje integrador que utiliza de manera combinada componentes presenciales y virtuales. Esta modalidad puede contribuir a los sistemas de capacitación y formación digital del docente universitario a través del desarrollo de competencias digitales, con el fin de mejorar los procesos educativos universitarios. A partir de una revisión de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas relacionadas a experiencias y resultados de investigaciones del uso del aprendizaje híbrido para el desarrollo profesional en línea del profesorado universitario. Entre los resultados, se percibe que los procesos de capacitación en la modalidad en línea o virtual no han sido suficientes para responder a los desafíos de la educación superior en la era digital, y el aprendizaje híbrido o mixto se constituye como una alternativa de educación digital del docente en la educación superior. Luego se presentan los resultados de una investigación de un curso de formación en Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) aplicada a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje para docentes universitarios. Se concluye que el aprendizaje híbrido es una modalidad efectiva para los cursos de educación digital del profesorado porque el componente presencial complementa el aprendizaje virtual; además, ante los problemas de conectividad y de acceso al internet la modalidad de aprendizaje mixto es una alternativa para la formación continua del profesorado.
UJI FITOPATOGENITAS, HEMOLISIS SERTA KEMAMPUAN MIKROB DALAM MELARUTKAN FOSFAT DAN KALIUM
Authors: Sukmadewi Desak Ketut Tristiana , Anas Iswandi , Widyastuti Rahayu , Cintaresmini Ania 
Published: September 2019

Mikrob tanah memiliki peran pentingdalam daur unsur organik, seperti daur fosfat dan kalium. Oleh karena itu diperlukan mikrob multifungsional yaitu satu mikrob memiliki dua fungsi atau lebih.Uji patogenitas sangat penting dilakukan terlebih dahulu sebelum melakukan pengujian mikrob multifungsional, sehingga aman untuk diaplikasikan kedepannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari sifat fitopatogenitas dan kemampuan mikrob dalam melarutkan fosfat dan kalium. Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari, uji fitopatogenitas, uji hemolisis, uji kemampuan melarutkan fosfat pada media Pikovskaya padat dan kalium pada media Alexandrov padat. Berdasarkan hasil uji fitopatogenitas pada bakteri dan fungi, semua isolat bersifat non fitopatogen. Dari uji hemolisis isolat bakteri BPK 2, BPK 6 dan BPK 7 menyebabkan hemolisis total. Berdasarkan uji hemolisis pada fungi isolat SSIO 6 menyebabkan hemolisis total, FPF E1 dan JK 6 menyebabkan hemolisis sebagian. Isolat BPK 5 memiliki indeks tertinggi dalam melarutkan kalium (1.375), sedangkan isolat BPF 9 memiliki indeks tertinggi dalam melarutkan fosfat (1.533)
KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN PERSPEKTIF FIKIH KLASIK
Authors: Suwarjin Suwarjin 
Published: September 2019

Books circulating widely in Indonesia and viewed as authoritative regarding sexual issues generally place women as subordinate men. Men are leaders and rulers of women, while women as guided must obey the husband’s command. The piety of a wife is measured by how far the devotion of her body soul to her husband. The virtuous wife is the one who never demands his rights from the husband, does not go out and give charity without the husband’s per- mission, does not raise his eyes and voice in the presence of the husband, does not require knowledge except with the permission of the husband, and does not worship the sunna without the blessing of the husband. If the husband does not grant his rights, then he must give up with sincerity to be saved from the terrible threat of God’s punishment. Related to intimate relationships, women are positioned as sex objects, not subjects. He should not delay the sexual desire of the husband, let alone reject it. Such positions have an adverse effect on the wife. Wives often experience sexual violence and neglected their sexual rights. The underlying perspective of husband-wife sexual relationships in the jurispruden- tial books circulating in Indonesia is generally still classic and emphasizes only the power of men against women in the family. Such perspectives are no longer appropriate to the present condition, in which sexual problems are seen as a common right that should be practiced fairly between husband and wife. Allegedly there has been a distortion of understanding of husband-wife sexual relationships that need to be straightened out, in order to avoid the impression, Islam legalize sexual violence in women
MANAJEMEN SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL (Strategi dan Upaya menghadapi Tantangan Globalisasi melalui Pendidikan)
Authors: Asiyah Asiyah 
Published: September 2019

The management of national education is essentially an integral part of the education management system and process as a whole in achieving national education and development goals. Government policies and efforts are proposed by experts in addressing national education management issues. Implementation of basic education seen from various aspects, politics, technical education, culture and professional, it is clear that the problem of basic educa- tion management is not a small problem and cannot be placed in a simple dichotomy: centralistic vs. decentralistic. A centralized education management system has been shown to have made little progress in improving the quality of education in general. Even in certain cases, centralized management has resulted in the sterilization of creativity in edu- cational units of various types and levels of education. To overcome the stagnation in the field of education is required a new paradigm in the field of education.
NEW REVIVALISME ISLAM
Authors: Murkilim Murkilim 
Published: September 2019

New Islamic revivalism is a contemporary Islamic thought movement that seeks to cleanse and restore the understanding and practice of Islamic teachings to pure Islam. New Revivalism arises because of the internal prob- lems of Muslims and External and Western modem influences. New Revivalism in Pakistan emerged under the main character of Abul ‘A’la Al-Mawdudi with the idea that the life of Muslims should be governed by Islamic teachings in an Islamic state, which takes the form of “theo democracy”. For the realization of such a state, a gradual Islamic revolution should be undertaken, by first doing the Islamization of society. Hasan Al Bana with Kaffahnya Islamic concept through lkhwanu Muslimin trying to make it happen by utilizing all available potential, either individually or institutionally, so that Islam becomes a comprehensive, universal ldiology based on the original source; Al-qur’an and Sunnah. The Mus- lim Brotherhood movement became radicalized in the hands of Sayyid Qutub, so ready to conduct jihad fisabilillah. In Indonesia also found the movement of Revivalism both in the form of premodernist and postmodernist among others is padri movement, Muhammadiyah, The United of Islam, and in the form of more now among others is Jamaat Islam and Darul Arkam. Keywords: revivalism, Islam
KONTEKS GLASS CEILING : KAPABILITAS, REKRUITMEN, DAN REPRESENTASI WANITA (MEN AND WOMEN : WHATâ€™S THE DIFFERENCES?)
Authors: Qodriah Sari Laelatul , Kusuma Irena Tiara 
Published: September 2019

This study aim to obtain empirical evidence whether or not the influence of capability and recruitment to woman representation. This research using correlational quantitative method and data processing assisted with SPSS 20. Population of this reasearch are 6 political parties that exist in Cirebon Regency. The results of this study indicated that only varaible capability has a positive and significant influence on the woman representation and has a correlation between variables in the medium category. While the recruitment variable has a correlational between the variables in the low category and it is not significant.
Keyword : capability, recruitment, woman representation, political party
AKUNTANSI ZAKAT (STUDI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PENYALURAN DANA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DI BAZMA PT. PERTAMINA EP REGION JAWA )
Authors: Azis M Taufik , Maharani Leny 
Published: September 2019

Potensi Zakat di Indonesia bisa dikatakan luar biasa, terbukti Survei Public Interest Research and Advocacy Center (PIRAC) tahun 2007 menyebutkan, potensi Zakat di Indonesia Rp 9,09 triliun. Survei ini menggunakan 2.000 responden di 11 kota besar.
Penelitian, dilakukan di BAZMA PT. Pertamina EP Region Jawa.BAZMA â€œBaituzzakah Pertaminaâ€ PT. Pertamina EP Region Jawa memiliki cakupan luas dalam hal penerimaan, pengelolaan dan pendistribusian Zakat. Lembaga ini berada dibawah naungan perusahaan BUMN PT. Pertamina atau tepatnya LAZNAS BAZMA Kantot Pusat (LAZ Nasional / tingkat pusat, sudah terakreditas), dimana LAZNAS menghimpun dana Zakat dari para karyawan sebesar 2,5% dari penghasilannya.
Ada empat jenis laporan keuangan dalam Organisasi Pengelola Zakat yang wajib ada pada tiap â€“ tiap jenis dana, yaitu:

Neraca
Laporan Sumber Dan Penggunaan dana (LSPD)
Laporan Arus Kas (LAK)
Neraca Atas Laporan Keuangan

Selain harus ada empat jenis laporan diatas, Organisasi Pengelola Zakat juga harus memperhatikan beberapa hal dalam setiap transaksi keuangannya diantaranya:

Setiap penerimaan dan pengeluaran harus diketahui jenis dananya, sehingga setiap jenis dana yang ada dapat diketahui saldonya.
Setiap penyaluran dana yang ada harus sesuai dengan ketentuan syariâ€™ah.

Penerapan akuntansi Zakat yang diterapkan dalam BAZMA PT. Pertamina EP Region Jawa sudah sesuai dengan sistem akuntansi yang disepakati oleh Ikatan Akuntansi Indonesia tentang Public Hearing Exposure Draft PSAK No. 109.
METODOLOGIAS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO A ESCORREGAMENTOS DE TERRA ASSOCIADAS AO ÍNDICE DE VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL (IVS), APLICADOS AO MUNICÍPIO DO RECIFE
Authors: Xavier Joaquim Pedro de Santana , De Santana John Kennedy Ribeiro , Bispo Carlos de Oliveira , Listo Fabrizio de Luiz Rosito 
Published: September 2019

O município do Recife apresenta várias localidades propícias a desastres ambientais. A ocupação de áreas impróprias (tabuleiros, colinas), principalmente por populações socialmente vulneráveis é uma situação preocupante. Este artigo tem como objetivo aprimorar uma metodologia de identificação de risco a escorregamentos associada ao Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (IVS). A metodologia foi baseada na análise heurística, utiliza-se fatores relativos a geologia, geomorfologia, solos, declividade, forma do terreno, uso e ocupação da terra. A análise espacial foi realizada por meio do método multicritérios e álgebra de mapas, a ponderação das variáveis através do método Fuzzy. Gerou-se mapas de Perigo, IVS e Risco. Na associação do mapa de perigo com o IVS na modelagem de risco a escorregamentos conseguiu-se resultados satisfatórios na identificação espacial de áreas com risco (11,8%), porém insuficiente para questão da intensidade do risco. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sociedade. Risco. Vulnerabilidade.
GP views on their role in bullying disclosure by children and young people in the community: a cross-sectional qualitative study in English primary care
Authors: Condon Laura , Prasad Vibhore 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundBullying among children and young people (CYP) is a major public health concern that can lead to physical and mental health consequences. CYP may disclose bullying, and seek help from a GP. However, there is currently little research on GPs’ views on and perceptions of their role in dealing with disclosures of bullying in primary care.AimTo explore GPs’ views about their role in dealing with CYPs’ disclosures of being bullied, especially factors that have an impact on GPs’ roles.Design and settingIn this cross-sectional qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs in primary care in England from October to December 2017.MethodPurposive sampling was used to achieve variation in GP age, professional status in practice, profile of the patients served by the practice, practice size and location, and whether the GPs considered themselves to be actively in research or teaching.ResultsData from 14 semi-structured interviews revealed three main themes: remaining clinically vigilant; impact of bullying in schools; and training and guidance on dealing with bullying and cyberbullying. GPs felt that dealing with disclosures of bullying and cyberbullying came down to their clinical experience rather than guideline recommendations, which do not currently exist, and that bullying was a precipitating factor in presentations of CYPs’ mental health issues.ConclusionGPs feel they have a role to play in managing and supporting the health of CYP who disclose being bullied during consultations. However, they feel ill-equipped to deal with these disclosures because of lack of professional development opportunities, and guidance on treating and managing the health consequences of being bullied.