bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evolution of sociality in termites from cockroaches: A taxonomic and phylogenetic perspective
Authors: Legendre Frédéric , Grandcolas Philippe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDespite multiple studies and advances, sociality still puzzles evolutionary biologists in numerous ways, which might be partly addressed with the advent of sociogenomics. In insects, the majority of sociogenomic studies deal with Hymenoptera, one of the two groups that evolved eusociality with termites. But, to fully grasp the evolution of sociality, studies must obviously not restrict to eusocial lineages. Multiple kinds of social system transitions have been recorded and they all bring complementary insights. For instance, cockroaches, the closest relatives to termites, display a wide range of social interactions and evolved convergently subsocial behaviors (i.e., brood care). In this context, we emphasize the need for natural history, taxonomic, and phylogenetic studies. Natural history studies provide the foundations on which building hypotheses, whereas taxonomy provides the taxa to sample to test these hypotheses, and phylogenetics brings the historical framework necessary to test evolutionary scenarios of sociality evolution.
Selective separation and determination of quercetin from red wine by molecularly imprinted nanoparticles coupled with HPLC and ultraviolet detection
Authors: Zengin Adem , Badak M. Utku , Aktas Nahit 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, a highly sensitive and selective sample pretreatment procedure using molecularly imprinted silica nanoparticles was developed for the extraction and determination of quercetin in red wine samples coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The imprinted silica nanoparticles were prepared in the presence of N‐acryoyl‐l‐aspartic acid (functional monomer), quercetin (template), azobisisobutyronitrile (initiator) and methylene bisacrylamide (cross‐linker) and methanol/water (porogen) via surface‐initiated reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Surface characterization was performed and several imprinting parameters were investigated, and the results indicated that adsorption of quercetin on the imprinted silica nanoparticles followed a pseudo‐first‐order adsorption isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity at 26.4 mg/g within 60 min. The imprinted silica nanoparticles also showed satisfactory selectivity towards quercetin as compared with its structural analogues. Moreover, the imprinted nanoparticles preserved their recognition ability even after five adsorption–desorption cycles. Meanwhile, the nanoparticles were successfully applied to selective extraction of quercetin from red wine with a high recovery (99.7–100.4%). The limit of detection was calculated to be 0.058 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient 0.9996 in the range of 0.2–50 μg/mL. As a result, the developed selective extraction method using molecular imprinting technology simplifies the sample pretreatment procedure before determination of quercetin in real samples.
Using a marsh organ to predict future plant communities in a Chinese estuary invaded by an exotic grass and mangrove
Authors: Peng Dan , Chen Luzhen , Pennings Steven C. , Zhang Yihui 
Published: July 2018

AbstractExotic species vary in how harmful they are. The earlier we can predict the outcome of an invasion, the more time is available for management. We conducted a “marsh organ” experiment with six elevation treatments to evaluate how the exotic grass Spartina alterniflora, which has invaded almost the entire coastline of China, affects a native (Kandelia obovata) and an exotic (Sonneratia apetala) mangrove in Zhangjiang Estuary, southern China. Survival of transplants in monoculture over two growing seasons in the marsh organ was high except at extreme high and low elevations. All three plants displayed hump‐shaped patterns of biomass across elevation in monoculture, but K. obovata performed best at slightly higher and S. alterniflora at slightly lower elevations, whereas S. apetala performed well across all four intermediate elevations and grew larger than the other two plants. In mixtures, S. alterniflora suppressed growth of mangrove seedlings of both species by up to 90%. The competitive effect of S. alterniflora was greatest at intermediate elevations where its biomass was greatest. When transplanted into adjacent stands of S. alterniflora, K. obovata remained stunted, but S. apetala grew quickly and began to emerge from the canopy of S. alterniflora by the end of the second growing season. At this site, past and ongoing disturbances to mature stands of K. obovata are likely to allow both exotics to increase in abundance. Aggressive management intervention will be needed to prevent estuaries in southern China from transitioning to near complete dominance by the exotic mangrove S. apetala.
Prevalence and characterization of carbapenem‐resistant bacteria in water bodies in the Los Angeles–Southern California area
Authors: Harmon Dana E. , Miranda Osvaldo A. , McCarley Ashley , Eshaghian Michelle , Carlson Natasha , Ruiz Cristian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCarbapenems are β‐lactam antibiotics used in healthcare settings as last resort drugs to treat infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Carbapenem‐resistant bacteria are increasingly being isolated from healthcare facilities; however, little is known about their distribution or prevalence in the environment, especially in the United States, where their distribution in water environments from the West Coast has not been studied before. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem‐resistant bacteria and carbapenemase genes in water bodies from the Los Angeles area (California, USA). All samples that were analyzed contained carbapenem‐resistant bacteria with a frequency of between 0.1 and 324 carbapenem‐resistant cfu per 100 mls of water. We identified 76 carbapenem‐resistant or ‐intermediate isolates, most of which were also resistant to noncarbapenem antibiotics, as different strains of Enterobacter asburiae, Aeromonas veronii, Cupriavidus gilardii, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas species. Of them, 52 isolates were carbapenemase‐producers. Furthermore, PCR and sequence analysis to identify the carbapenemase gene of these carbapenemase‐producing isolates revealed that all Enterobacter asburiae isolates had a blaIMI‐2 gene 100% identical to the reference sequence, and all Stenotrophomonas maltophlia isolates had a blaL1 gene 83%–99% identical to the reference blaL1. Our findings indicate that water environments in Southern California are an important reservoir of bacteria‐resistant to carbapenems and other antibiotics, including bacteria carrying intrinsic and acquired carbapenemase genes.
PlaySharing: A group synchronization scheme for media streaming services in hierarchical WLANs
Authors: Kwon Dongwoo , Kim Hyeonwoo , Ju Hongtaek 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper proposes a media sharing scheme for scalable media streaming and precise group synchronization services among adjacent mobile smart devices in wireless local area networks. For scalable media streaming, the structure of a hierarchical wireless media streaming network (HSN) is introduced to distribute streaming traffic to multiple wireless channels. It consists of a single IEEE 802.11 infrastructure network and multiple WiFi‐Direct networks. For group synchronization on a scale of milliseconds in the HSN, we propose PlaySharing, which combines event‐based synchronization, local adjustment of playback position errors, and rare and periodic synchronization. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate sustained precise synchronization by minimizing synchronization control packets during network congestion. Event‐based synchronization manages the synchronization between a media source device and client devices using event messages from the source device. To reduce the number of synchronization control packets, the local adjustment of playback position errors corrects those on the media client devices according to the expected playback position for the time elapsed since the last synchronization. Rare and periodic synchronization is applied in preparation for control packet loss, correcting the local adjustment errors when no event occurs. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, the average synchronization errors between the source device and the client devices are measured using the user datagram protocol unicast and broadcast for control packet transmission in an IEEE 802.11 infrastructure network configuration and an HSN configuration. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme, with user datagram protocol unicast transmission of control messages in the HSN, has the lowest synchronization errors in the experiments.
Orchestrator conversation: Distributed management of cloud applications
Authors: Sebrechts Merlijn , Van Seghbroeck Gregory , Wauters Tim , Volckaert Bruno , De Turck Filip 
Published: July 2018

SummaryManaging cloud applications is complex, and the current state of the art is not addressing this issue. The ever‐growing software ecosystem continues to increase the knowledge required to manage cloud applications at a time when there is already an IT skills shortage. Solving this issue requires capturing IT operation knowledge in software so that this knowledge can be reused by system administrators who do not have it. The presented research tackles this issue by introducing a new and fundamentally different way to approach cloud application management: a hierarchical collection of independent software agents, collectively managing the cloud application. Each agent encapsulates knowledge of how to manage specific parts of the cloud application, is driven by sending and receiving cloud models, and collaborates with other agents by communicating using conversations. The entirety of communication and collaboration in this collection is called the orchestrator conversation. A thorough evaluation shows the orchestrator conversation makes it possible to encapsulate IT operations knowledge that current solutions cannot, reduces the complexity of managing a cloud application, and happens inherently concurrent. The evaluation also shows that the conversation figures out how to deploy a single big data cluster in less than 100 milliseconds, which scales linearly to less than 10 seconds for 100 clusters, resulting in a minimal overhead compared with the deployment time of at least 20 minutes with the state of the art.
Computing minimum 2‐edge‐connected Steiner networks in the Euclidean plane
Authors: Brazil Marcus , Volz Marcus , Zachariasen Martin , Ras Charl , Thomas Doreen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe present a new exact algorithm for computing minimum 2‐edge‐connected Steiner networks in the Euclidean plane. The algorithm is based on the GeoSteiner framework for computing minimum Steiner trees in the plane. Several new geometric and topological properties of minimum 2‐edge‐connected Steiner networks are developed and incorporated into the new algorithm. Comprehensive experimental results are presented to document the performance of the algorithm which can reliably compute exact solutions to randomly generated instances with up to 50 terminals—doubling the range of existing exact algorithms. Finally, we discuss the appearance of Hamiltonian cycles as solutions to the minimum 2‐edge‐connected Steiner network problem.
The Steklov‐Poincaré technique for data completion: Preconditioning and filtering
Authors: Ferrier Renaud , Kadri Mohamed L. , Gosselet Pierre 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a study of primal and dual Steklov‐Poincaré approaches for the identification of unknown boundary conditions of elliptic problems. After giving elementary properties of the discretized operators, we investigate the numerical solution with Krylov solvers. Different preconditioning and acceleration strategies are evaluated. We show that costless filtering of the solution is possible by postprocessing Ritz elements. Assessments are provided on a 3D mechanical problem.
Responses of persons at risk of suicide: A critical interpretive synthesis
Authors: Talseth Anne‐Grethe , Gilje Fredricka L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimSeveral nursing studies focus on suicidal persons; yet, a synthesis of such research is unavailable. The aim of this review was to give an inclusive understanding of responses of persons at risk for suicide that guides clinical nursing practice and research.DesignA reflexive and iterative study design was used in this study.MethodA qualitative content analysis and a systematic review of literature guided the six‐phase Critical Interpretive Synthesis . A sample consisting of 24 nursing studies published during 1994–2017 were included in this study.ResultsKey concepts found were “Disengaged while fraught with affliction”; “Readiness to engage in life”; and “Engaging through caring and confirming humanity.” Contextually, there are gaps in global nursing knowledge. Conceptually, three key concepts can guide the nursing practice and give an impetus for the research. Methodologically, the Critical Interpretive Synthesis served as a helpful way to summarize and synthesize a small sample size into an aggregate body of knowledge. An evidenced‐based understanding of responses of persons at risk for suicide can guide nurses to ensure safety, promote hopeful recovery, and foster resilience.
Concept analysis of impressionability among adolescents and young adults
Authors: Gwon Seok Hyun , Jeong Suyong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo report a concept analysis of impressionability among adolescents and young adults.BackgroundAdolescence and young adulthood are critical periods to establish health behaviour. Environmental determinants are associated with youth health risk behaviours. These populations are impressionable to a range of social and physical environmental factors.DesignConcept analysis.MethodsWe selected 17 studies to review from Psych INFO, ERIC, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar as well as the University of Virginia library. We did not apply date limits. We included search terms: “adolescent”; “youth”; “young adult”; “impressionability”; and “impressionable.”ResultsThe defining attributes of impressionability among youths were a state where: (a) one is able to be susceptible to external stimuli; (b) one is incapable of reasonable judgement; and (c) one has a changeability to accept or modify one's attitude and behaviour. We identified antecedents, consequences, and cases of impressionability.
Design of fuzzy iterative learning fault‐tolerant control for batch processes with time‐varying delays
Authors: Wang Limin , Li Bingyun , Yu Jingxian , Zhang Ridong , Gao Furong 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn this paper, a new two‐dimensional (2D) fuzzy composite iterative learning fault‐tolerant control strategy using a 2D Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy model is proposed for batch processes with time delay and actuator faults. Firstly, based on the local‐sector nonlinearity method, a 2D Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy model representing the nonlinear batch process with actuator faults is constructed with a series of linear models and nonlinear membership functions. Then, a 2D fuzzy feedback control–based iterative learning fault‐tolerant control strategy is proposed under the constructed model. Using the 2D Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for system asymptotic stability are given. The fault‐tolerant control law is then designed, guaranteeing system asymptotic stability along time and batches even if the system fails. Finally, the traditional control algorithm, the pure iterative learning control algorithm, and the feedback control–based iterative learning control algorithm proposed in this paper are compared on the level control of the three‐tank system, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Photosynthetic response to increased irradiance correlates to variation in transcriptional response of lipid‐remodeling and heat‐shock genes
Authors: van Rooijen Roxanne , Harbinson Jeremy , Aarts Mark G. M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPlants have evolved several mechanisms for sensing increased irradiance, involving signal perception by photoreceptors (cryptochromes), and subsequent biochemical (reactive oxygen species, ROS) and metabolic clues to transmit the signals. This results in the increased expression of heat‐shock response genes and of the transcription factor LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5, mediated by the cryptochrome photoreceptor 1, CRY1). Here, we show the existence of another response pathway in Arabidopsis. This pathway evokes the SPX1‐mediated expression activation of the transcription factor PHR1 and leads to the expression of several galactolipid biosynthesis genes. Gene expression analysis of accessions Col‐0, Ga‐0, and Ts‐1, showed activated expression of the SPX1/PHR1‐mediated gene expression activation pathway acting on galactolipids biosynthesis genes in both Ga‐0 and Col‐0, but not in Ts‐1. The activation of the SPX1/PHR1‐mediated response pathway can be associated with lower photosynthesis efficiency in Ts‐1, compared to Col‐0 and Ga‐0. Besides the accession‐associated activation of the SPX1/PHR1‐mediated response pathway, comparing gene expression in the accessions showed stronger activation of several heat responsive genes in Ga‐0, and the opposite in Ts‐1, when compared to Col‐0, in line with the differences in their efficiency of photosynthesis. We conclude that natural variation in activation of both heat responsive genes and of galactolipids biosynthesis genes contribute to the variation in photosynthesis efficiency in response to irradiance increase.
Effect of charged and ortho substituents on 17O NMR chemical shifts of substituted phenyl tosylates in DMSO
Authors: Nummert Vilve , Piirsalu Mare , Toom Lauri , Kesvatera Tõnu , Leito Ivo , Koppel Ilmar A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe 17O nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts for 31 ortho‐substituted, para‐substituted, and meta‐substituted phenyl esters of 4‐methylbenzenesulfonic acid (phenyl tosylates, 4‐CH3‐C6H4SO2OC6H4‐X) with the neutral and charged substituents in phenoxy part were measured in DMSO‐d6 at 50°C. The chemical shifts, δ(17O), of the sulfonyl (SO2) and single‐bonded phenoxy (O─Ph) oxygens for para and meta derivatives in the case of neutral substituents showed a good correlation with the Taft σI and σ°R substituent constants. The influence of the ortho substituents on the δ(17O) chemical shifts of the sulfonyl oxygens and single‐bonded phenoxy oxygens was found to be described well with the Charton equation: δ(17O)ortho = δ(17O)H + ρI σI + ρRσ°R + δEBs when the data treatment was performed separately for electron‐donating +R substituents and electron‐withdrawing −R substituents. The substituent constants, σ°X±, for the charged substituents (4‐N+(CH3)3I−, 3‐N+(CH3)3I−, 2‐N+(CH3)3I−, 4‐COO−N+Bu4, 3‐COO−N+Bu4, 2‐COO−N+Bu4) calculated from the δ(17O) chemical shifts for phenyl tosylates in DMSO prove that in DMSO, the compounds involving charged substituents are predominantly in ion pair form and not dissociated into free ions. The same conclusion was drawn recently from the carbonyl IR stretching frequencies, νCO, and the carbonyl carbon 13C chemical shifts for substituted phenyl benzoates, C6H5CO2C6H4‐X, in DMSO. It was shown that for ion pairs of the charged substituents in DMSO and concentrated aqueous salt solution, the same substituent constant, σ°X±, could be used.
Undetectable prostate‐specific antigen after short‐course androgen deprivation therapy for biochemically recurrent patients correlates with metastasis‐free survival and prostate cancer‐specific survival
Authors: Lim Daniel M. , Gulati Roman , Aleshin‐Guendel Serge , Gawne Agnes , Wingate Jonathan T. , Cheng Heather H. , Etzioni Ruth , Yu Evan Y. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundOptimal utilization of novel therapies for advanced prostate cancer is challenging without a validated surrogate efficacy endpoint. Ongoing trials are using durable undetectable prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels as a marker of efficacy. The clinical relevance of prolonged undetectable PSA after a short course of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is uncertain.MethodsThe University of Washington Caisis database was queried for radical prostatectomy patients who received 6‐12 months of ADT after biochemical recurrence (BCR), defined as PSA ≥0.2 ng/mL and no radiographically detectable metastasis. Proportions of men with undetectable PSA 12 and 24 months after ending ADT were compared to a hypothesized 5% rate using exact binomial tests. Associations with patient and tumor characteristics were examined using logistic regression, and associations with risk of subsequent metastasis and death were evaluated by log‐rank tests.ResultsAfter ineligibility exclusions, 23/93 (25%; 95%CI 16‐35%; P < 0.001) and 14/93 (15%; 95%CI 9‐24%; P < 0.001) had undetectable PSA 12 and 24 months after ending ADT, respectively. Detectable PSA at 12 months was associated with increased risk of metastasis (P = 0.006), prostate cancer‐specific death (P = 0.028), and death from any cause (P = 0.065). Being 1 year older at diagnosis was associated with a 14% (95%CI 5‐24%; P = 0.006) decrease in the odds of having a detectable PSA after controlling for PSA at diagnosis, PSA doubling time, grade group, and time from initial therapy to BCR.ConclusionsThis single‐institution retrospective analysis shows that it is not uncommon to have undetectable PSA 12 or 24 months after a short course of ADT. No baseline prognostic characteristic other than age was associated with a durable (12 month) undetectable PSA. Because a durable undetectable PSA was associated with lower risks of metastasis and prostate cancer‐specific death, it may be a reasonable clinical trial endpoint.
The distribution of BCG prostatitis: A clue for pathogenetic processes?
Authors: Butel Ryan , Ball Richard 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundWe observed in cystoprostatectomy specimens that Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) granulomatous prostatitis tended preferentially to affect the peripheral zone (PZ) and aimed to study the matter, postulating that assessment of its distribution might contribute to understanding pathogenetic processes.MethodsEntire prostate glands from 27 men (47‐83 years; mean = 69 years), who had previously received intravesical BCG therapy for non‐muscle‐invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, were studied as whole‐mount sections to determine the anatomical distribution and histopathological characteristics of BCG prostatitis.ResultsTwenty‐two (81.5%) showed BCG‐type granulomatous inflammation. It often radiated from close to the prostatic urethra toward to the gland periphery as a wedge‐shaped area related to one or more duct systems. Twenty‐one of these prostate glands (95.5%) showed predominantly or exclusively PZ involvement. Eighteen (81.8%) involved only the PZ, while three cases (13.6%) also showed involvement of the transitional zone (TZ). One case (4.5%) involved only the TZ. No granulomas were seen in the central zone or anterior fibromuscular septum.ConclusionsOur observations imply the microanatomical arrangement of prostatic ducts is a factor in the pathogenesis of BCG prostatitis. PZ ducts enter the urethra at less obtuse angles than those from other zones and are likely to be more prone to urine reflux and damage from suspended BCG. We speculate that prostatic duct microanatomy could also play a role in the pathogenesis of other prostatic diseases, including conventional prostatitis and adenocarcinoma.