bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International medical graduates’ experiences of clinical competency assessment in postgraduate and licensing examinations: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Hynes Helen , Wiese Anél , McCarthy Nora , Sweeney Catherine , Foley Tony , Bennett Deirdre 
Published: November 2024

An international medical graduate (IMG) is a doctor who has received their basic medical qualification from a medical school located in a different country from that in which they practice or intend to practice. IMGs are known to face difficulties in their working lives, including differential attainment in assessment. The objective of this review is to map key concepts and types of evidence in academic and gray literature relating to international medical graduates’ experiences of clinical competency assessment and to identify knowledge gaps on this topic by systematically searching, selecting, and synthesizing existing knowledge. All studies will relate to IMGs. The concept of interest will be IMGs’ experiences of assessment. The context will be postgraduate, licensing or credentialing medical assessments of clinical competence. This review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. Seven electronic databases will be searched for literature published between 2009 and 2024: the Australian Education Index, British Education Index, ERIC, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and SocINDEX. Gray literature will be searched using Google, Google Scholar, and published reports from postgraduate training bodies and medical licensing organizations. Documents will be independently screened, selected, and extracted by two researchers using a piloted data-extraction tool. Data will be analyzed and presented in tables and in a narrative format.
Trial resgistration: Scoping review registration: Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/8gdm7.
Association between fine particulate matter and eczema: A cross-sectional study of the All of Us Research Program and the Center for Air, Climate, and Energy Solutions
Authors: Chen Gloria F. , Hwang Erica , Leonard Charles E. , Cohen Jeffrey M. 
Published: November 2024

Background
The prevalence of eczema has increased with industrialization. Industrial practices generate ambient air pollution, including fine particulate matter of diameter ≤ 2.5μm (PM2.5). Studies investigating the relationship between PM2.5 and eczema in the US are scarce. The objective of this study was to determine the risk of eczema with PM2.5 exposure in a diverse national cohort of American adults.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, eczema cases in the All of Us Research Program were linked via three-digit zip code to average annual PM2.5 concentrations from the Center for Air, Climate, and Energy Solutions. Eczema cases and controls were compared using Pearson’s χ2 test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables. The relationship between PM2.5 and eczema was assessed via logistic regression adjusting for demographic factors, smoking, and atopic comorbidities.

Results
Individuals with eczema (n = 12,695) lived in areas with significantly higher PM2.5 concentrations than did individuals without eczema (n = 274,127) (0.83 x 10 μg/m3 v. 0.81 x 10 μg/m3, P < .001). PM2.5 concentration was significantly associated with eczema in univariable analysis (odds ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.77–2.19, P < .001), and in multivariable analyses, both controlling for demographics and smoking status (odds ratio 2.21, 95% confidence interval 1.98–2.47, P < .001) and with the addition of atopic comorbidities (odds ratio 2.38, 95% confidence interval 2.12–2.67, P < .001).

Conclusions
The odds of eczema increased with greater PM2.5 concentration in this large, diverse, adult American cohort. Ambient air pollution is an environmental hazard that influences inflammatory skin disease, suggesting possible targeted interventions.
Identifying the geographic leading edge of Lyme disease in the United States with internet searches: A spatiotemporal analysis of Google Health Trends data
Authors: Wychgram Cara , Aucott John N. , Rebman Alison W. , Curriero Frank C. 
Published: November 2024

Background
The geographic footprint of Lyme disease is expanding in the United States, which calls for novel methods to identify emerging endemic areas. The ubiquity of internet use coupled with the dominance of Google’s search engine makes Google user search data a compelling data source for epidemiological research.

Objective
We evaluated the potential of Google Health Trends to track spatiotemporal patterns in Lyme disease and identify the leading edge of disease risk in the United States.

Materials and methods
We analyzed internet search rates for Lyme disease-related queries at the designated market area (DMA) level (n = 206) for the 2011–2019 and 2020–2021 (COVID-19 pandemic) periods. We used maps and other exploratory methods to characterize changes in search behavior. To assess statistical correlation between searches and Lyme disease cases reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) between 2011 and 2019, we performed a longitudinal ecological analysis with modified Poisson generalized estimating equation regression models.

Results
Mapping DMA-level changes in “Lyme disease” search rates revealed an expanding area of higher rates occurring along the edges of the northeastern focus of Lyme disease. Bivariate maps comparing search rates and CDC-reported incidence rates also showed a stronger than expected signal from Google Health Trends in some high-risk adjacent states such as Michigan, North Carolina, and Ohio, which may be further indication of a geographic leading edge of Lyme disease that is not fully apparent from routine surveillance. Searches for “Lyme disease” were a significant predictor of CDC-reported disease incidence. Each 100-unit increase in the search rate was significantly associated with a 10% increase in incidence rates (RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.12) after adjusting for environmental covariates of Lyme disease identified in the literature.

Conclusion
Google Health Trends data may help track the expansion of Lyme disease and inform the public and health care providers about emerging risks in their areas.
Association between triglyceride glucose index and endometriosis in adults in the United States: A comprehensive study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Gao Sasa , Cui Xiaoping 
Published: November 2024

Background
The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been well recognized as a reliable marker of insulin resistance and substantially correlated with the pathogenesis and progression of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. However, no study has investigated the association between the TyG index and endometriosis. Therefore, this study aimed to uncover an association between the TyG index and endometriosis.

Methods
This cross-sectional investigation employed the extensive dataset derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2006). To explore the potential connection between the TyG and endometriosis, a multivariate weighted logistic regression model was established. The nonlinear relationship between the TyG index and the risk of endometriosis was explored using restricted cubic spline models (RCS). Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted.

Results
Ultimately, 2,508 individuals were included in this investigation. The findings unveiled a robust positive correlation between the TyG index and the susceptibility to endometriosis (OR [95% CI]: 1.52 [1.024,2.258]; P < 0.05). This positive association remained consistent across diverse subgroups. Age, birthplace, and whether one ovary was removed were identified as significant risk factors. In RCS analysis, the TyG index showed a nearly linear relationship with the risk of endometriosis (P-nonlinear > 0.05).

Conclusions
The findings indicate a positive association between the TyG index and the risk of endometriosis, exhibiting an approximate non-linear relationship.
Effectiveness and equity of mHealth apps for preeclampsia management in LMICs: A rapid review protocol
Authors: Ibrahim Abdirahman Moallim , Jahanfar Shayesteh 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Preeclampsia remains a formidable public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where it significantly contributes to the high rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The advent of mobile health (mHealth) applications presents a promising avenue for enhancing the management of preeclampsia. This review protocol is designed to systematically assess the effectiveness and equity of mHealth apps in managing preeclampsia within LMICs, with a focus on clinical outcomes and the broader implications for accessibility, affordability, and cultural relevance.

Materials and methods
To achieve the objectives of this review, a rapid review methodology will be employed, encompassing a structured search strategy to identify pertinent studies from databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, as well as grey literature. The inclusion criteria are set to encompass randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), observational studies, and qualitative studies that offer insights into the effectiveness and user experience of mHealth apps for preeclampsia management. Participants in these studies will include pregnant women at risk for or diagnosed with preeclampsia, healthcare providers, and app developers. The quality of the included studies will be critically appraised using standardized tools, and data extraction will focus on study characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and equity considerations.

Discussion
The implications of this review are far-reaching, offering the potential to inform stakeholders including policymakers, healthcare providers, and app developers about the deployment and development of mHealth solutions for preeclampsia management in LMICs. Ultimately, the anticipated findings of this review are expected to contribute significantly to the understanding of mHealth apps’ role in improving preeclampsia management and addressing healthcare disparities, thereby guiding future strategies to enhance maternal and neonatal health outcomes in LMICs.
Silence Is No Reaction: Forty Years of Subhumans, Ian Glasper (2023)
Authors: Dines Mike 
Published: November 2024

Review of: Silence Is No Reaction: Forty Years of Subhumans, Ian Glasper (2023)
Ticehurst and Oakland, CA: Earth Island Books and PM Press, 634 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-73964-775-9, p/bk, £24.99
Nefarious Artists: The Evolution and Art of the Punk Rock, Post-Punk, New Wave, Hardcore Punk and Alternative Rock Compilation Record, 1976–1989, Welly Artcore (2023)
Authors: Bestley Russ 
Published: November 2024

Review of: Nefarious Artists: The Evolution and Art of the Punk Rock, Post-Punk, New Wave, Hardcore Punk and Alternative Rock Compilation Record, 1976–1989, Welly Artcore (2023)
Ticehurst: Earth Island Books, 414 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-91686-412-2, p/bk, £24.99
Zerox Machine: Punk, Post-Punk and Fanzines in Britain, 1976–88, Matthew Worley (2024)
Authors: Connerty Michael 
Published: November 2024

Review of: Zerox Machine: Punk, Post-Punk and Fanzines in Britain, 1976–88, Matthew Worley (2024)
London: Reaktion Books, 360 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78914-859-6, p/bk, £20
Pathology-Driven Automation to Improve Updating Documented Follow-Up Recommendations in the Electronic Health Record After Colonoscopy
Authors: Stevens Elizabeth R. , Nagler Arielle , Monina Casey , Kwon JaeEun , Olesen Wickline Amanda , Kalkut Gary , Ranson David , Gross Seth A. , Shaukat Aasma , Szerencsy Adam 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Failure to document colonoscopy follow-up needs postpolypectomy can lead to delayed detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Automating the update of a unified follow-up date in the electronic health record (EHR) may increase the number of patients with guideline-concordant CRC follow-up screening.

METHODS:
Prospective pre-post design study of an automated rules engine-based tool using colonoscopy pathology results to automate updates to documented CRC screening due dates was performed as an operational initiative, deployed enterprise-wide May 2023. Participants were aged 45–75 years who received a colonoscopy November 2022 to November 2023. Primary outcome measure is rate of updates to screening due dates and proportion with recommended follow-up < 10 years. Multivariable log-binomial regression was performed (relative risk, 95% confidence intervals).

RESULTS:
Study population included 9,824 standard care and 19,340 intervention patients. Patients had a mean age of 58.6 ± 8.6 years and were 53.4% female, 69.6% non-Hispanic White, 13.5% non-Hispanic Black, 6.5% Asian, and 4.6% Hispanic. Postintervention, 46.7% of follow-up recommendations were updated by the rules engine. The proportion of patients with a 10-year default follow-up frequency significantly decreased (88.7%–42.8%, P < 0.001). The mean follow-up frequency decreased by 1.9 years (9.3–7.4 years, P < 0.001). Overall likelihood of an updated follow-up date significantly increased (relative risk 5.62, 95% confidence intervals: 5.30–5.95, P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
An automated rules engine-based tool has the potential to increase the accuracy of colonoscopy follow-up dates recorded in patient EHR. The results emphasize the opportunity for more automated and integrated solutions for updating and maintaining EHR health maintenance activities.
Primary Needle-Knife Fistulotomy Versus Standard Transpapillary Technique for Cannulation of Long-Size Papilla: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadeghi Amir , Arabpour Erfan , Movassagh-koolankuh Shahryar , Rastegar Reyhaneh , Moghadam Pardis Ketabi , Omidvari Samareh , Alizadeh Mehrnoosh , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The morphology of the major papilla plays a crucial role in the selection of the cannulation method for the common bile duct during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence available that compares the efficacy and safety of cannulation approaches in certain papilla morphologies. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of 2 cannulation methods, including primary needle-knife fistulotomy (pNKF) and standard transpapillary (STP), in patients with long-size papilla.

METHODS:
A total of 260 patients with intact long-size papilla were enrolled and were randomly assigned to the pNKF or STP groups (n = 130 in each group). The primary endpoint was the rate of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Biliary cannulation success rates, the duration of cannulation and the overall procedure, and the incidence of adverse events were also compared between the groups. All of the patients were hospitalized for at least 24 hours after the procedure.

RESULTS:
A total of 125 (96.2%) patients in the pNKF and 114 (87.7%) patients in the STP groups had successful primary biliary cannulation (P = 0.01) and were included in the final analysis. Postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis occurred in 11 patients in the STP group and 3 patients in the pNKF group (9.6% vs 2.4%, P = 0.02; number needed to treat [95% confidence interval] = 13.9 [7.5–83.2]). Moreover, compared with the pNKF, STP was associated with more cannulation attempts (3.4 vs 2.5, P < 0.001) and longer cannulation time (258 vs 187 seconds, P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
In patients with long-size papilla, pNKF is a safer, easier, and more efficient approach to gain primary biliary access than the STP technique.
Leo Strauss e a Educação Liberal
Authors: Nicgorski Walter , Coletto Bruno Irion 
Published: November 2024

NT: Originalmente publicado como: Nicgorski, Walter. Leo Strauss and Liberal Education. In: Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy, XIII (May, 1985), pp. 233-250.
Agradecemos ao Professor Walter Nicgorski, autor do presente artigo, bem como ao Professor Timothy W. Burns, Editor-Chefe da revista Interpretation, pela pronta autorização e pelo incentivo à tradução deste texto. Agrademos, igualmente, ao Professor Elvis Mendes por ter tornado a presente tradução possível.
A versão original se inicia com a seguinte nota preliminar do autor:
Esta é a versão revisada de um artigo apresentado na American Political Science Association em 1983. A revisão se beneficiou dos comentários do professor Frederick Crosson da Universidade de Notre Dame.

Data de registro: 27/02/2023
Data de aceite: 04/10/2023
O Max Weber de Leo Strauss
Authors: Benjamin Cássio Corrêa , Floriano Rodrigo César 
Published: November 2024

Resumo: Max Weber é um autor central para Leo Strauss. Importa a Strauss compreender o sentido da ciência social elaborada por Weber, já que tal ciência social rejeitaria o direito natural. Essa rejeição é baseada no historicismo e na distinção entre fatos e valores. Isso levaria ao niilismo como consequência necessária da obra weberiana. Strauss percebe aqui uma tese fundamental: a luta permanente entre valores últimos. Strauss toma essa tese como uma posição filosófica, o que o leva a tratar Weber como um filósofo. Esse é o Max Weber de Leo Strauss. Iremos analisar as passagens dos textos de Strauss referentes a essa questão e mostrar como essa figura de um Weber filósofo, quando utilizada para o entendimento da ciência social weberiana, leva a uma distorção de seu pensamento.
Palavras-chave: Direito Natural; Historicismo; Niilismo; Fatos; Valores
The Max Weber of Leo Strauss
Riepilogo: Max Weber is a central author for Leo Strauss. It is important for Strauss to understand the meaning of the social science elaborated by Weber, since such social science would reject natural law. This rejection is based on historicism and the distinction between facts and values. This would lead to nihilism as a necessary consequence of Weber's work. Strauss perceives here a fundamental thesis the permanent struggle between ultimate values. Strauss takes this thesis as a philosophical position, which leads him to treat Weber as a philosopher. This is the Max Weber of Leo Strauss. We will analyze the passages of Strauss' texts referring to this question and show how this figure of a philosopher Weber, when used for the understanding of Weberian social science, leads to a distortion of his thought.
Keywords: Natural Right; Historicism; Nihilism; Facts; Values

Data de registro: 11/04/2023
Data de aceite: 24/11/2023
Error Analysis of the Vector Penalty-Projection Methods for the Time-Dependent Stokes Equations with Open Boundary Conditions
Authors: Cheaytou Rima , Angot Philippe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present in this paper a rigorous error analysis of the vector penalty-projection method for solving the time-dependent incompressible Stokes equations with open boundary conditions on part of the boundary.
First, we prove the stability of the scheme.
Then we provide an error analysis for the second-order vector penalty-projection method which shows that the convergence rate of the error on the velocity and the pressure is of order 2 in

l
∞

⁢

(

L
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

)

l^{\infty}(\mathbf{L}^{2}(\Omega))

and

l
2

⁢

(

L
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

)

l^{2}(L^{2}(\Omega))

respectively.
In addition, it is shown that the splitting errors of the method varies as

O
⁢

(
ε
)

\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon)

, where 𝜀 is a penalty parameter chosen as small as desired.
Several numerical tests in agreement with the theoretical results are presented.
To the best of our knowledge, this paper provides the first rigorous proof of optimal error estimates for second-order splitting schemes with open boundary conditions.
Kohle zu Gold
Authors: Ono Harm-Peer Zimmermann mit Hisako , Messerli Alfred 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Am 20. Juli 2024 hat Prof. Dr. Hans-Jörg Uther sein 80. Lebensjahr vollendet. Zu diesem Anlass hatte die Fabula. Zeitschrift für Erzählforschung diesen überragenden Erzählforscher zu einem Gespräch eingeladen. Daran teilgenommen haben: Prof. Dr. Hisako Ono von der Toyo-Universität Tokio, Prof. Dr. Alfred Messerli von der Universität Zürich und der Herausgeber der Fabula, Prof. Dr. Harm-Peer Zimmermann. Das Gespräch hat an zwei Tagen am 11. und 12. März 2024 im Universitätszentrum Zürich stattgefunden. Für Korrekturen, Kürzungen und Lesbarkeit des Manuskripts hat der Herausgeber gesorgt. Auch die Ordnung in drei Themenbereiche hat er vorgenommen: zur Person und Lebensgeschichte, zur Märchenforschung und zum internationalen Typenkatalog (ATU), zur Enzyklopädie des Märchens (EM), gefolgt von Schlusssätzen.
Mit diesem Beitrag möchte die Fabula die jahrzehntelange Arbeit von Hans-Jörg Uther, sein immenses Werk und sein unübertroffenes Wissen auf dem Gebiet der historischen und vergleichenden Erzählforschung würdigen und ihm ein Geburtstagsgeschenk machen. Herzlichen Glückwunsch, lieber Jörg!
Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on muscle mass, fat mass, and visceral fat of hemodialysis patients; A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Abbas Torki Saheb , Roumi Zahra , Tahavorgar Atefeh , Salimi Zahra , Mohammadi Saeideh , Shekari Soheila , Saeedirad Zahra , Amjadi Arezoo , Mirzaee Pouya , Shafaei Hanieh , Bahar Bojlul , Mofidi Fatemeh , Khosravi Masoud , Doaei Saeid , Gholamalizadeh Maryam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Several studies demonstrated the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in body composition, specifically on the lean body mass and fat mass in hemodialysis patients.

Methods
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, a total of 120 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients were randomly allocated into two groups. The intervention group has taken three grams of omega-3 fatty acids daily while the placebo group received three grams of medium chain triglycerides (MCT) as a placebo for a total of 2 months. The changes in the body mass index (BMI) and body composition (fat mass, muscle, and visceral fat) were assessed at baseline and following the intervention.

Results
No significant difference was found in the mean of BMI, FAT, muscle, and visceral fat in the intervention group compared to the control group after the intervention. After two months of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, the study found no statistically significant impact of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on various indices of body composition. The effect of ω-3 supplementation in reducing visceral fat was close to significant (p=0.08).

Conclusions
This study suggests that there is currently inadequate evidence to support the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in improving anthropometric measurements in patients with CKD, except a partial effect on visceral fat. Further large-scale and long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm the present results.