bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Participatory Methods to Include Young Children's Voices in Research
Authors: Newhouse Jeannie , Levy Rachael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis clinical tutorial draws on a case study to demonstrate how researchers can design studies that access the voices of even the youngest children. The case study explored young children's perceptions of reading at a time when government policy directs that reading should be taught through a systematic synthetic phonics “first and fast” approach and assessed using the phonics screening check. This collective case study, set within a single primary school, used a range of tools designed within a listening framework, to explore the views of seven 5- to 6-year-old children. By reflecting carefully on the methodology used in this study, this article demonstrates how children can be skilled and insightful participants in research provided they are given activities that allow them to engage, respond, and communicate in ways appropriate for their age. This tutorial has implications for all those interested in conducting participatory research with young children.
Canopy structure and herbage intake rate of three tropical forage grasses cultivated as pure or mixed stands
Authors: Otaviano Emanoella Karol Saraiva , Fameli Mammana Alexandre , Gomes Caio Macret , Silva Alex Marciano dos Santos , Fernanda Garcia Carvalho Larissa , Sbrissia André Fischer , Barbosa Rodrigo Amorim , Sollenberger Lynn E. , da Silva Sila Carneiro 
Published: October 2024

Context Using forage grass species with complementary growth and resource-use strategies to enhance forage plant diversity in pastures may be an alternative to traditional monocultures in tropical regions. Aims This study aimed to determine whether a mixture of three perennial tropical forage grasses (Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina, Panicum maximum cv. Massai, and Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã) could be an alternative to enhance herbage intake rates relative to their respective monocultures. Methods The treatments corresponded to three perennial tropical forage grasses cultivated as monocultures and as a mixture composed of all three species. Defoliation management corresponded to a pre-cutting height of 35 cm and post-cutting height of 17.5 cm. Key results The botanical composition of the mixture was dynamic throughout the experimental period, with variations in the proportion of species across seasons. The upper half of the canopy predominantly comprised leaves for all treatments. The canopy structure of the mixture allowed for greater herbage intake rates than monocultures during winter/early spring. Andropogon gambagrass showed lower herbage intake rates than the other treatments. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that it is possible to combine tropical forage grass species without compromising canopy structure and grazing animal responses, compared with single-species grass pastures. Implications The selection of forage species for mixed pastures should consider their phenological cycle, growth, and resource-use strategies to achieve temporal complementarity and provide an optimal grazing environment for animals throughout the year.
Enhanced prediction of extreme fire weather conditions in spring using the Hot-Dry-Windy Index in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Elliott Kyle G. , Flannigan Mike D. , Tymstra Cordy 
Published: October 2024

Background Fire weather indices forecast fire behaviour and provide valuable information for wildland fire prevention, preparedness, and suppression. However, these indices do not directly account for atmospheric conditions aloft. The province of Alberta, Canada has experienced extreme fire weather conditions during spring for decades, leading to the continued occurrence of disastrous wildland fires. Aims We examined the Hot-Dry-Windy Index (HDWI) and spread days over the first 4 days of 80 large wildland fires that started in May 1990–2019 in Alberta. Methods HDWI values were calculated using ERA5 reanalysis data from the 1000, 975 and 950 hPa levels. Differences between HDWI distributions on spread days and non-spread days were examined using permutation tests. Initial Spread Index was also examined as it is considered an important Fire Weather Index System value for wildland fire spread during spring in Alberta. Key results Higher median HDWI values were observed on spread days than non-spread days, where median Initial Spread Index values showed little to no difference. Conclusions This analysis suggests that HDWI can contribute to the prediction of significant spring wildland fire spread in Alberta. Implications Forecasted HDWI and HDWI climatologies may provide additional decision support for wildland fire management agencies.
Plain Legal Language as accessibility tool for translators
Authors: Policastro-Ponce Gisella 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The accessibility of legal language has become an essential component of social integration for all
citizens. Likewise, for any legal translator, understanding legal language will be a crucial first step in overcoming any
communication barrier.
In light of this consideration, the purpose of this study is to compare the original Charter of the United
Nations with the plain-language version adapted to the same language, paying particular attention to differences in
phraseology. By conducting this study, we will have an opportunity to examine the linguistic simplification strategies applied
by this international organization, taking into consideration the factors highlighted by plain language as a means of making
legal language more communicatively accessible.
Experiencia educativa
Authors: Harteel Kendall 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The importance of accessibility services in audiovisual products is irrefutable. There is an increasing
need to work on accessible audiovisual content so that people with sensory disabilities can benefit from having access to
culture and entertainment. Accessible audiovisual translation is accordingly one of the best methods to this end. Our
objective is to teach two groups of university students to use the appropriate tools and create accessible materials,
introducing them to a new professional opportunity and the new audiovisual market needs. For that, we will undertake an
educational project which consists of offering a quality translation for people who are deaf or hearing impaired. The results
reflect the interest and awareness of these students about people with specific needs.
La audiodescripción de la intertextualidad en el cine de Almodóvar
Authors: Botella Tejera Carla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Audio description (AD) must compensate for the loss of visual information through words, so the training of
audio-describers is necessary and, given the importance of this service, more important than ever. For us, one of the issues
that seems to be the most complex to bring into the audio description script is that of intertextuality, and audio-describers
must decide the degree of their intervention to ensure that these connections reach the viewers. Thus, we have reviewed some
previous studies and we have carried out an analysis proposal in the film Dolor y gloria (Almodóvar 2019) to observe the degree of explicitation. Finally, we have developed a
series of didactic activities to work with intertextuality in audio description training.
Language teacher self-efficacy beliefs for pronunciation instruction
Authors: Zhang Bei , Faez Farahnaz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Studies on language teachers’ self-efficacy (LTSE) have gained attention in recent years; however, limited
research has explored LTSE in specific domains of language instruction, particularly pronunciation. The present study employs a
domain-specific survey to measure English as a second language (ESL) teachers’ self-efficacy in pronunciation instruction (PI) in
Canadian classrooms. Data from the survey and follow-up interviews were analyzed to explore ESL teachers’ overall self-efficacy
beliefs, relationships with language, and pronunciation proficiencies. The findings reveal that ESL teachers in Canada generally
report high levels of self-efficacy for teaching pronunciation. While the correlation between general language proficiency and
self-efficacy was not significant, the correlation between their pronunciation proficiency and self-efficacy for teaching
pronunciation was significant, even though it falls below the benchmark for small effect size.
Facilitative L1-transfer in nonnative sound production of monolingual and bilingual learners
Authors: Li Peng , Ye Chengjia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The L1-transfer pattern may be different between bilinguals and monolinguals as the former has multiple L1
candidates to transfer. This study compared how Mandarin monolingual learners (MDN), Shanghainese-Mandarin bilingual learners
(SHM), and Japanese natives produce Japanese stops in word-reading and paragraph-reading tasks. The L2 Japanese learners varied in
the years of learning (1–3 years). Shanghainese differs from Mandarin in that the word-medial voiced stops are prevoiced, which
may allow facilitative transfer to Japanese voiced stops. As a result, SHM in general showed more target-like pronunciation of
voiced stops than MDN. Regarding the L2 experience, third-year SHM produced more target-like word-medial voiced stops, whereas
first-year SHM produced less target-like word-initial voiceless and word-medial voiced stops. These results suggest that the
overlap between the target L2 and one of the learners’ L1s may lead to finer phonetic realization, but the facilitative transfer
is subject to bilingual learners’ L2 experience.
Ordinary letters, extraordinary findings
Authors: Bergeron-Maguire Myriam , Dourdy Laura-Maï , Thiriet Juliette 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This project proposes an innovative approach to the history of French by replacing the ‘tunnel vision’ (Watts/Trudgill 2002) which characterizes the vast majority of studies of ‘Classical
French’ by a wider approach, based on an extraordinarily valuable source, i.e. the ‘Prize Papers’. The Prize
Papers are a collection which includes 50,000 undelivered private French letters, confiscated between 1652 and 1815 during the
frequent military conflicts between France and England. The documents are held by the National Archives of the United Kingdom in
London, and are remnants of the privateering era, a longstanding legitimate activity of capturing enemy ships. These countless
captured letters are becoming known to historians, who have recognized them as an invaluable source of information on the period
in question, but have so far attracted little attention from linguists, even those focusing on diachrony. The MACINTOSH project is
the first French initiative to explore this collection, and aims to show how the alternative data provided by these private
documents can broaden the scope and fill the gaps left by traditional historical linguistics. The research focuses on the first
French colonial era, shedding new light on the dynamics and mechanisms that led to the French and Creole varieties existing in
America and the Indian Ocean.
Supplementary comparison on a platinum resistance thermometer calibration from -70 °C to 250 °C
Authors: Anagnostou Miltiadis , Kalemci Murat , Alnefaie Rakan , Suwaidi Aisha Al 
Published: October 2024

Main text
This supplementary comparison was about the calibration of platinum resistance thermometers in the range of -70 °C to 250 °C. Four laboratories participated in the comparison: Emirates Metrology Institute (EMI) from United Arab Emirates, SASO-NMCC from Saudi Arabia, QGOSM from Qatar and Tubitak UME from Türkiye. These Institutes are full or associated (Tubitak UME) members of the GULFMET Regional Metrology Organization.
The pilot institute was Emirates Metrology Institute, who also provided the two transfer platinum resistance thermometers and monitor their stability during the comparison.
The measurements of the comparison were performed between April 2019 and February 2021 and the circulation of the instruments was without problems, except for a delay of four months between the laboratories QGOSM and EMI due to the Coronavirus pandemic.
The weighted mean of the measurements from all laboratories was used to produce the W ratios and R
0.01 reference values of the thermometers and no laboratory was excluded from this weighted mean. Note that this comparison is an RMO supplementary comparison, so the weighted mean values generated are used only as a baseline for reporting the results, and they have no particular meaning of reference values in the sense of the key comparisons.
The results show a satisfactory agreement between the participating laboratories (|En| <1), except for two set-points: -35 °C and 100 °C, for one of the two transfer thermometers, for one of the laboratories. Combined expanded uncertainties for R
0.01 were equivalent to about 0.004 °C for the laboratories using water triple point cells as a reference, and 0.010 °C for QGOSM laboratory using ice point as reference. For the other measurement points, R values, were having equivalent combined expanded uncertainties ranging from 0.0060 °C to 0.010 °C for UME, 0.008 °C to 0.016 °C for EMI, 0.012 °C to 0.024 °C for SASO-NMCC and 0.014 °C to 0.054 °C for QGOSM. The mentioned uncertainties refer to the most stable of the transfer thermometers used in the comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Domain sampling methods for an inverse boundary value problem of the heat equation
Authors: Sun Shiwei , Nakamura Gen , Wang Haibing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate the reconstruction of an unknown cavity inside a heat conductor with only single boundary measurement, which is a typical non-destructive testing of defects in material science using thermography. Mathematically, it can be formulated as an inverse boundary value problem for the heat equation. Two domain sampling methods, i.e. the range test (RT) and no-response test (NRT), are developed to realize the reconstruction. We first justify the convergence of the RT, which is based on the analytical extension property of solutions to the heat equation. Then we prove the duality of the RT and NRT by looking at the relation between their indicator functions. Consequently, the unknown cavity can be reconstructed by using either the RT or NRT if the solution associated to the single measurement cannot be analytically extended across its boundary. Next, we design two efficient algorithms for the RT and NRT to reconstruct the unknown cavity numerically. Each algorithm consists of two steps. The first step is to determine an approximation of the unknown cavity by implementing the sampling methods in a coarse grid, while the second step is to improve the reconstruction by using a fine grid in the approximate domain. The numerical results suggest that both algorithms can generate some rough information on the cavity with only one boundary measurement. Finally, by using this information as an initial guess for Newton’s method, we improve the accuracy of the mentioned reconstruction results.
A single-layer dense convolutional reversible residual network for bearing fault diagnosis based on differential local adaptive
Authors: Sun Wei , Chen Kexin , Zhao Yue , Gao Wenhua , Dong Zengshou , Kang Lin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For the cross-domain fault diagnosis of industrial bearings under different working conditions and noise, most current domain adaptation methods in transfer learning only focus on either marginal distribution alignment or conditional distribution alignment. They fail to adequately combine discriminative and global distribution information. Furthermore, the majority of models have a very high parameter count and memory utilization, which makes it challenging to use them in real-world industrial situations. Therefore, a single-layer densely connected reversible residual network based on differential local adaptation is proposed. This network is more competitive in industrial applications than other fault diagnosis models since it not only uses less memory and has fewer parameters, but it also shows superior cross-domain fault diagnostic capacity in noisy situations. Additionally, to extract discriminative and global domain-invariant features, a domain adaptation module is created that takes into account local and global data distributions differently. Multiple transfer tasks and two distinct datasets are used to validate the model. Comparative tests reveal that the suggested model uses less memory and requires fewer parameters to attain good accuracy and transferability.
Site-controlled growth of In(Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots on patterned substrate
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyang , Liu Wen , Bao Yidi , Chen Xiaoling , Ji Chunxue , Yang Guiqiang , Wei Bo , Yang Fuhua , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In(Ga)As quantum dot (QD) with uniform size and controlled sites have great potential in optical communications and quantum computing. In this review, we focus on the site-controlled preparation of In(Ga)As quantum dot arrays based on patterned substrates, including the improvements made by the researchers to enhance the quantum dot site-control capability and optical quality. Based on the current research on site-controlled In(Ga)As QDs, it has been possible to grow uniformly ordered In(Ga)As QD arrays, in which the size, morphology, and nucleus location of each quantum dot can be precisely controlled. In addition, the study of deoxidation treatment of patterned substrates has led to the performance enhancement of the prepared QD arrays. Finally, we propose that the future development of site-controlled In(Ga)As QD arrays lies in improving the optical quality and tuning their emission wavelength to the telecommunication band.
Quantitative assessment of areal bone mineral density using multi-energy localizer radiographs from photon-counting detector CT
Authors: Jasper Sören , Swicklik Joseph , Baffour Francis , Ferrero Andrea , El Sadaney Ahmed O , Shanblatt Elisabeth , Nowak Tristan , McCollough Cynthia , Rajendran Kishore 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. To assess the accuracy and stability of areal bone-mineral-density (aBMD) measurements from multi-energy CT localizer radiographs acquired using photon-counting detector (PCD) CT. Approach. A European Spine Phantom (ESP) with hydroxyapatite (HA 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g cm−2) was scanned using clinical PCD-CT and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to compare aBMD values. To assess aBMD stability and reproducibility, PCD-localizers were acquired twice a day for one week, and once per week for five weeks. Multiple ESP anteroposterior thicknesses (18, 26, 34, and 40 cm) were achieved using a synthetic gel layer and scanned across eight tube current values for both 120 kV (15–120 mA) and 140 kV (10–80 mA). One-way analysis of variance was performed for statistical significance (p < 0.05 considered significant). Quantitative HA and water maps were reconstructed using a prototype material-decomposition software, and aBMD was calculated after background correction. In vivo performance of PCD-based aBMD was illustrated using a patient scan acquired at 140 kV and 40 mA, and lumbar aBMD values were compared with DXA. Main results. The ESP aBMD values from PCD-localizers demonstrated excellent day-to-day stability with a coefficient-of-variation ranging from 0.42% to 0.53%, with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of less than 5% for all three vertebral bodies. The coefficient-of-variation for weekly scans ranged from 0.17% to 0.60%, again with MAPE below 5% for all three vertebral bodies. Across phantom sizes and tube currents, the MAPE values varied ranging from 1.84% to 13.78% for 120 kV, and 1.38%–9.11% for 140 kV. No significant difference was found between different tube currents. For the standard phantom size, DXA showed 11.21% MAPE whereas PCD-CT showed 3.04% MAPE. For the patient scan, deviation between PCD-based aBMD values and those obtained from DXA ranged from 0.07% to 9.82% for different lumbar vertebra. Significance. This study highlights the accuracy and stability of PCD-CT localizers for measuring aBMD. We demonstrated aBMD accuracy across different sizes and showed that higher radiation doses did not inherently increase aBMD accuracy.
A self-regulated wind energy harvester with automatic mode transition strategy enabled by wind-induced centrifugal force
Authors: Wu Shuxin , Fan Kangqi , Zhu Jiuling , Zhao Hongyuan , Zhao Mengyu , Zheng Ruisi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Natural wind energy distributes over a wide speed range, but conventional wind turbines with high electrical damping can only work under relatively high wind speeds, whereas breeze harvesters with low electrical damping suffer from limited electric outputs despite their low start-up wind speeds. To solve this dilemma, we report herein an automatic mode transition (AMT) strategy for rotary wind energy harvesters (WEHs) to realize self-regulation of electrical damping according to ambient wind speeds. The superior performance achieved with the AMT strategy has been demonstrated through an AMT-WEH comprising a low-damping as well as a high-damping power generation units. Theoretical analysis and experimental tests reveal that the AMT-WEH not only can work in low-damping single-unit mode to harvest weak wind (⩾2.6 m s−1), but also can switch spontaneously to high-damping dual-unit mode to efficiently capture strong wind. As connected with matched electrical loads, the AMT-WEH can switch to dual-unit mode and generate high average power of 188.2 mW under 8.2 m s−1 wind, which is more than 11.5-fold increase as compared with that (16.3 mW) of a conventional WEH without the AMT design. This study demonstrates a distinctive AMT strategy for WEHs to effectively exploit wide-speed-range wind energy toward self-contained sensors and electronics.
The inverse problem of identifying complex hyperbolic equation source terms in electromagnetic propagation
Authors: Tie Xu-Wei , Deng Zui-Cha , Ma Xin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the inverse problem of determining the source term of the hyperbolic equation for electromagnetic propagation using terminal data. This study is an important method for identifying propagation sources in electromagnetics. Unlike wave equations, the complexity of the underlying equations can make theoretical analysis quite difficult. Firstly, the uniqueness of the inverse problem was proved using the energy method. Then, based on the optimal control framework, the inverse problem was transformed into an optimal control problem, and the existence of the optimal solution and its necessary conditions were established. Secondly, the global uniqueness and stability of the optimal solution have been proven, which is a completely new conclusion. This has laid a solid theoretical foundation for numerical algorithms. Finally, it is proposed to apply the Landweber iteration method and conjugate gradient method to this problem, and some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and convergence speed of these two algorithms.