bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ENTHALPY OF INTERACTION OF ION-EXCHANGE HETEROGENEOUS MEMBRANES AND THEIR GRANULAR ANALOGUES WITH AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION
Authors: Niftaliev Sabukhi I. , Peregudov Yuriy S , Kozaderova Olga A. , Kim Kseniya B. 
Published: July 2018

Ion-exchange membranes are widely used for extraction, separation and concentration of aqueous nitrogen-containing solutions. In the study the heterogeneous ion-exchange membranes of cationic type- MK-40, Ralex CM (H) -PP, MK-41 – and anionic type - MA-41, Ralex AM (H) -PP and also their granular analogues – cation exchanger KУ-2·8 and anion exchanger AB-17·8 were used. Sorption of nitrate ions and ammonium ions was conducted from the ammonium nitrate solution with concentration of 0.012 mole / dm³. To determine sorption thermochemical characteristics of the studied ions the calorimetric method was used. It was found that for all the studied types of membranes and ion exchangers the processes were accompanied by heat evolution. From the calorimetric measurements the thermokinetic interaction curves of cation-exchange membranes and KУ-2×8 with the ammonium nitrate solution and anion-exchange membranes and AB-17×8 with the solution of the same salt were obtained. According to the curves the power of heat evolution and time of the process were determined. It was shown that the ion exchangers KУ-2·8 and AB-17·8 are characterized by a longer time to achieve the maximum of heat evolution and process time than for the similar membranes. This fact is explained by the different number and accessibility of the functional groups in the membranes and ion exchangers. From the thermo-kinetic curves the enthalpies of interaction were calculated. The process of the interaction between the granular ion exchangers and ions is characterized by higher values of the enthalpy than for the membranes which large steric effects are common for. Saline concentration, nature of exchangeable ions and type of functional groups of the ion exchanger and also its moisture content influence the enthalpy value. Experimental calorimetric data indicated that the energy costs connected with the effects of dehydration and conformational changes in the sorbent polymer chains do not overlap the exothermic sorption effect. The calorimetric method is informative to determine the nature and mechanism of sorption.
PERSPECTIVE DIRECTION OF CALCULATION AND DESIGN OF REINFORCING CARCASSES OF TENSION FIRE HOSES ON BASIS OF SYNTHETIC FIBERS
Authors: Aripbaeva Akerke E. , Myrkhalykov Zhumakhan U. , Koifman Oscar I. , Bazarov Yuriy M. , Stepanov Sergey G. 
Published: July 2018

The physical and chemical properties of synthetic fibers of various compositions for reinforcing carcasses of pressure fire fibers, and their appointment and structure were denoted. It is noted that due to the effect of negative factors (mechanical wear, impact of low and high temperatures, the action of sunlight, aging of the material, accidental release of chemically active substances, etc..) on pressure fire hoses at their exploitation, increased demands are imposed on the material of synthetic fibers of pressure fire hoses, the most important of which is resistant to abrasion. The use of pressure fire hoses from polyester fibers based on PET shows that the main reason for breaking up the fibers at their exploitation is abrasion of the surface. In this regard, the use fibers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE fibers) and fibers of PET, polyamide 66 (PA-66) having high strength and abrasion resistance as a material of reinforcing carcass of pressure fire hoses was proposed. It is extremely important to develop and improve of the calculation theory and design of fire hoses in hydraulic impact, which will be demand in the calculation and design of new types of pressure fire hoses on the basis of synthetic fibers, as well as to identify reasons for breaking of pressure fire hoses to extinguish the fire, to create a new high-pressure fire hoses. In this regard, the brief analysis of publications on their strength calculation at the hydraulic impact was carried out and achievements in the field of calculation and design of reinforcing carcasses of fire hoses were denoted.
RECEIVING AND PROPERTIES OF NEW NANO COMPOSITE CARBON MATERIALS
Authors: Yafarov Ravil K. 
Published: July 2018

The effect of self-organization of diamond nanocrystallites in graphite and in the polymer-like carbon films was discovered for the first time at deposition from vapors of ethanol of low pressure with the use of non-equilibrium high-ionized microwave plasma. The technology of receiving nanocomposite diamond-graphite covers with adjustable thresholds of field emission in the range from 5-7 to 20 V/mm and density of currents higher than 100A/cm2 was developed. The possibility of receiving of insular carbon coverings with super high surface density on crystals of silicon as well as the quasi-closed cellular macro cell structures with transparent graphene-like "windows" in the visible spectral range was shown.
MODIFICATION OF SURFACE OF DOUBLE WALL CARBON NANO TUBES BY FULLERENE C60
Authors: Karaeva Aida R. , Zhukova Ekaterina A. , Urvanov Sergei A. , Senatulin Boris R. , Skryleva Elena A. , Mordkovich Vladimir Z. 
Published: July 2018

The composite samples based on double-wall carbon nano tubes and fullerenes followed by laser treatment were prepared. XPS confirmed existence of essential contact between two components of the composite. The differential charging effect disappears after laser processing, which induces photopolymerization of fullerene clusters. The TEM showed close-packed continuous coating of cross-linked C60 clusters formed on the surface of nano tubes after laser irradiation.
Is autumn the key for dengue epidemics in non endemic regions? The case of Argentina
Authors: Carbajo Anibal E. , Cardo Maria V. , Guimarey Pilar C. , Lizuain Arturo A. , Buyayisqui Maria P. , Varela Teresa , Utgés Maria E. , Giovacchini Carlos M. , Santini Maria S. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundDengue is a major and rapidly increasing public health problem. In Argentina, the southern extreme of its distribution in the Americas, epidemic transmission takes place during the warm season. Since its re-emergence in 1998 two major outbreaks have occurred, the biggest during 2016. To identify the environmental factors that trigger epidemic events, we analyzed the occurrence and magnitude of dengue outbreaks in time and space at different scales in association with climatic, geographic and demographic variables and number of cases in endemic neighboring countries.MethodsInformation on dengue cases was obtained from dengue notifications reported in the National Health Surveillance System. The resulting database was analyzed by Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) under three methodological approaches to: identify in which years the most important outbreaks occurred in association with environmental variables and propose a risk estimation for future epidemics (temporal approach); characterize which variables explain the occurrence of local outbreaks through time (spatio-temporal approach); and select the environmental drivers of the geographical distribution of dengue positive districts during 2016 (spatial approach).ResultsWithin the temporal approach, the number of dengue cases country-wide between 2009 and 2016 was positively associated with the number of dengue cases in bordering endemic countries and negatively with the days necessary for transmission (DNT) during the previous autumn in the central region of the country. Annual epidemic intensity in the period between 1999–2016 was associated with DNT during previous autumn and winter. Regarding the spatio-temporal approach, dengue cases within a district were also associated with mild conditions in the previous autumn along with the number of dengue cases in neighboring countries. As for the spatial approach, the best model for the occurrence of two or more dengue cases per district included autumn minimum temperature and human population as fixed factors, and the province as a grouping variable. Explanatory power of all models was high, in the range 57–95%.DiscussionGiven the epidemic nature of dengue in Argentina, virus pressure from endemic neighboring countries along with climatic conditions are crucial to explain disease dynamics. In the three methodological approaches, temperature conditions during autumn were best associated with dengue patterns. We propose that mild autumns represent an advantage for mosquito vector populations and that, in temperate regions, this advantage manifests as a larger egg bank from which the adult population will re-emerge in spring. This may constitute a valuable anticipating tool for high transmission risk events.
Independent validation of machine performance check for the Halcyon and TrueBeam linacs for daily quality assurance
Authors: Li Yuting , Netherton Tucker , Nitsch Paige L. , Gao Song , Klopp Ann H. , Balter Peter A. , Court Laurence E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the ability of the machine performance check (MPC) on the Halcyon to detect errors, with comparison with the TrueBeam.MethodsMPC is an automated set of quality assurance (QA) tests that use a phantom placed on the couch and the linac's imaging system(s) to verify the beam constancy and mechanical performance of the Halcyon and TrueBeam linacs. In order to evaluate the beam constancy tests, we inserted solid water slabs between the beam source and the megavoltage imager to simulate changes in beam output, flatness, and symmetry. The MPC results were compared with measurements, using two‐dimensional array under the same conditions. We then studied the accuracy of MPC geometric tests. The accuracies of the relative gantry offset and couch shift tests were evaluated by intentionally inserting phantom shifts, using a rotating or linear motion stage. The MLC offset and absolute gantry offset tests were assessed by miscalibrating these motions on a Halcyon linac.ResultsFor the Halcyon system, the average difference in the measured beam output between the IC Profiler and MPC, after intentional changes, was 1.3 ± 0.5% (for changes ≤5%). For Halcyon, the MPC test failed (i.e., prevented treatment) when the beam symmetry change was over 1.9%. The accuracy of the MLC offset test was within 0.05 mm. The absolute gantry offset test was able to detect an offset as small as 0.02°. The accuracy of the absolute couch shift test was 0.03 mm. The accuracy of relative couch shift test of Halcyon was measured as 0.16 mm.ConclusionWe intentionally inserted errors to evaluate the ability of the MPC to identify errors in dosimetric and geometric parameters. These results showed that the MPC is sufficiently accurate to be effectively used for daily QA of the Halcyon and TrueBeam treatment devices.
Paroxysmal motor disorders: expanding phenotypes lead to coalescing genotypes
Authors: Zima Laura , Ceulemans Sophia , Reiner Gail , Galosi Serena , Chen Dillon , Sahagian Michelle , Haas Richard H. , Hyland Keith , Friedman Jennifer 
Published: July 2018

AbstractParoxysmal movement disorders encompass varied motor phenomena. Less recognized features and wide phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity are impediments to straightforward molecular diagnosis. We describe a family with episodic ataxia type 1, initially mis‐characterized as paroxysmal dystonia to illustrate this diagnostic challenge. We summarize clinical features in affected individuals to highlight underappreciated aspects and provide comprehensive phenotypic description of the rare familial KCNA1 mutation. Delayed diagnosis in this family is emblematic of the broader challenge of diagnosing other paroxysmal motor disorders. We summarize genotypic and phenotypic overlap and provide a suggested diagnostic algorithm for approaching patients with these conditions.
Horizons for Li‐Ion Batteries Relevant to Electro‐Mobility: High‐Specific‐Energy Cathodes and Chemically Active Separators
Authors: Susai Francis Amalraj , Sclar Hadar , Shilina Yuliya , Penki Tirupathi Rao , Raman Ravikumar , Maddukuri Satyanarayana , Maiti Sandipan , Halalay Ion C. , Luski Shalom , Markovsky Boris , Aurbach Doron 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLi‐ion batteries (LIBs) today face the challenge of application in electrified vehicles (xEVs) which require increased energy density, improved abuse tolerance, prolonged life, and low cost. LIB technology can significantly advance through more realistic approaches such as: i) stable high‐specific‐energy cathodes based on Li1+xNiyCozMnwO2 (NCM) compounds with either Ni‐rich (x = 0, y → 1), or Li‐ and Mn‐rich (0.1 < x < 0.2, w > 0.5) compositions, and ii) chemically active separators and binders that mitigate battery performance degradation. While the stability of such cathode materials during cell operation tends to decrease with increasing specific capacity, active material doping and coatings, together with carefully designed cell‐formation protocols, can enable both high specific capacities and good long‐term stability. It has also been shown that major LIB capacity fading mechanisms can be reduced by multifunctional separators and binders that trap transition metal ions and/or scavenge acid species. Here, recent progress on improving Ni‐rich and Mn‐rich NCM cathode materials is reviewed, as well as in the search for inexpensive, multifunctional, chemically active separators. A realistic overview regarding some of the most promising approaches to improving the performance of rechargeable batteries for xEV applications is also presented.
Microwave‐Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Graphene‐Supported Single Atomic Metals
Authors: Fei Huilong , Dong Juncai , Wan Chengzhang , Zhao Zipeng , Xu Xiang , Lin Zhaoyang , Wang Yiliu , Liu Haotian , Zang Ketao , Luo Jun , Zhao Shenglong , Hu Wei , Yan Wensheng , Shakir Imran , Huang Yu , Duan Xiangfeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGraphene‐supported single atomic metals (G‐SAMs) have recently attracted considerable research interest for their intriguing catalytic, electronic, and magnetic properties. The development of effective synthetic methodologies toward G‐SAMs with monodispersed metal atoms is vital for exploring their fundamental properties and potential applications. A convenient, rapid, and general strategy to synthesize a series of monodispersed atomic transition metals (for example, Co, Ni, Cu) embedded in nitrogen‐doped graphene by two‐second microwave (MW) heating the mixture of amine‐functionalized graphene oxide and metal salts is reported here. The MW heating is able to simultaneously induce the reduction of graphene oxide, the doping of nitrogen, and the incorporation of metal atoms into the graphene lattices in one simple step. The rapid MW process minimizes metal diffusion and aggregation to ensure exclusive single metal atom dispersion in graphene lattices. Electrochemical studies demonstrate that graphene‐supported Co atoms can function as highly active electrocatalysts toward the hydrogen evolution reaction. This MW‐assisted method provides a rapid and efficient avenue to supported metal atoms for wide ranges of applications.
Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative α‐Functionalization of Tetrahydroquinoline in Water under Mild Conditions
Authors: Ramana Daggupati V. , Chandrasekharam Malapaka 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn efficient one‐step α‐functionalization of tetrahydroquinoline under mild conditions is achieved. The direct oxidative copper‐catalyzed dehydrogenative cross C(sp3)−C(sp2) couplings of tetrahydroquinolines and indoles produced the products in aqueous and open air medium. The use of inexpensive copper catalyst, water solvent, easy to operate open air condition combined with the most step and atom economic features qualify the CDC reaction for a green process.magnified image
High Detectivity from a Lateral Graphene–MoS2 Schottky Photodetector Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Deng Wenjie , Chen Yongfeng , You Congya , Liu Beiyun , Yang Yanhan , Shen Gaoliang , Li Songyu , Sun Ling , Zhang Yongzhe , Yan Hui 
Published: July 2018

Abstract2D material–based photodetectors have demonstrated the great potential in future optoelectric applications and the compatibility with the traditional semiconductor technology. However, low detectivity and difficulty of large‐scale fabrication still limit their application. Here, an ultrasensitive in‐plane lateral graphene–MoS2 heterostructure is successfully constructed using one‐step growth by chemical vapor deposition, which is suitable for large‐scale fabrication. The Schottky junction is formed in the channel with the edge contact of graphene and MoS2. It displays good rectification characteristics with an on/off ratio up to 106. As a photodetector, it exhibits excellent detectivity with the specific detectivity D* up to 1.4 × 1014 Jones and the responsivity of 1.1 × 105 A W−1, which benefit from strong absorption, the efficient separation of the photoexcited carriers, and quick charge transport in the Schottky junction device. Moreover, heterostructure photodetector array is demonstrated here which shows the large‐scale fabrication capacity. All of these results prove the potential of 2D material–based junction devices for optoelectronic devices.
Notch3ECD immunotherapy improves cerebrovascular responses in CADASIL mice
Authors: Ghezali Lamia , Capone Carmen , Baron‐Menguy Céline , Ratelade Julien , Christensen Søren , Østergaard Pedersen Lars , Domenga‐Denier Valérie , Pedersen Jan Torleif , Joutel Anne 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveCADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), caused by dominant mutations in the NOTCH3 receptor, is the most aggressive small vessel disease of the brain. A key feature of its pathogenesis is accumulation of the extracellular domain of NOTCH3 receptor (Notch3ECD) in small vessels, with formation of characteristic extracellular deposits termed granular osmiophilic material (GOM). Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a mouse monoclonal antibody (5E1) that specifically recognizes Notch3ECD.MethodsThe binding affinity of 5E1 toward purified NOTCH3 was assessed using Octet analysis. The ability of 5E1 to bind Notch3ECD deposits in brain vessels and its effects on disease‐related phenotypes were evaluated in the CADASIL mouse model, which overexpresses a mutant rat NOTCH3. Notch3ECD and GOM deposition, white matter lesions, and cerebral blood flow deficits were assessed at treatment initiation (10 weeks) and study completion (30 weeks) using quantitative immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and laser‐Doppler flowmetry.Results5E1 antibody bound recombinant rat NOTCH3 with an average affinity of 317nM. A single peripheral injection of 5E1 robustly decorated Notch3ECD deposits in the brain vasculature. Chronic administration of 5E1 did not attenuate Notch3ECD or GOM deposition and was not associated with perivascular microglial activation. It also failed to halt the development of white matter lesions. Despite this, 5E1 treatment markedly protected against impaired cerebral blood flow responses to neural activity and topical application of vasodilators and normalized myogenic responses of cerebral arteries.InterpretationThis study establishes immunotherapy targeting Notch3ECD as a new avenue for disease‐modifying treatment in CADASIL that warrants further development. Ann Neurol 2018;84:246–259
Subcellular origin of mitochondrial DNA deletions in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Vincent Amy E. , Rosa Hannah S. , Pabis Kamil , Lawless Conor , Chen Chun , Grünewald Anne , Rygiel Karolina A. , Rocha Mariana C. , Reeve Amy K. , Falkous Gavin , Perissi Valentina , White Kathryn , Davey Tracey , Petrof Basil J. , Sayer Avan A. , Cooper Cyrus , Deehan David , Taylor Robert W. , Turnbull Doug M. , Picard Martin 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveIn patients with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance disorders and with aging, mtDNA deletions sporadically form and clonally expand within individual muscle fibers, causing respiratory chain deficiency. This study aimed to identify the sub‐cellular origin and potential mechanisms underlying this process.MethodsSerial skeletal muscle cryosections from patients with multiple mtDNA deletions were subjected to subcellular immunofluorescent, histochemical, and genetic analysis.ResultsWe report respiratory chain–deficient perinuclear foci containing mtDNA deletions, which show local elevations of both mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy number. These subcellular foci of respiratory chain deficiency are associated with a local increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and unfolded protein response signaling pathways. We also find that the commonly reported segmental pattern of mitochondrial deficiency is consistent with the three‐dimensional organization of the human skeletal muscle mitochondrial network.InterpretationWe propose that mtDNA deletions first exceed the biochemical threshold causing biochemical deficiency in focal regions adjacent to the myonuclei, and induce mitochondrial biogenesis before spreading across the muscle fiber. These subcellular resolution data provide new insights into the possible origin of mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in mitochondrial myopathy. Ann Neurol 2018;84:289–301
Effect ofBDNFVal66Met on disease markers in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Lim Yen Ying , Hassenstab Jason , Goate Alison , Fagan Anne M. , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Cruchaga Carlos , McDade Eric , Chhatwal Jasmeer , Levin Johannes , Farlow Martin R. , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Laske Christoph , Masters Colin L. , Salloway Stephen , Schofield Peter , Morris John C. , Maruff Paul , Bateman Randall J. ,   on behalf of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network
Published: July 2018

ObjectivePrevious studies suggest that the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met (rs6265) polymorphism may influence symptom onset in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our recent cross‐sectional findings suggest that Met66 may influence clinical expression in dominantly inherited AD (DIAD) through its effects on tau. However, it remains unclear whether carriage of Met66 in DIAD results in faster increases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and ptau181, and whether these increases are associated with accelerated brain volume loss and memory decline.MethodsA total of 211 subjects (101 mutation noncarriers, 110 mutation carriers), who were cognitively normal, as defined by a Clinical Dementia Rating global score of 0, completed assessments of cognitive function, neuroimaging, and CSF sampling over 3.5 years as part of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network.ResultsIn mutation carriers, Met66 carriers showed faster memory decline (4×), hippocampal volume loss (16×), and CSF tau and ptau181increases (6×) than Val66 homozygotes.BDNFdid not influence rates of cortical β‐amyloid accumulation or change in CSF Aβ42levels in mutation carriers. In mutation noncarriers,BDNFgenotype had no effect on change in cognition, brain volume, cortical β‐amyloid accumulation, or change in any CSF measures of tau, ptau181, and CSF Aβ42.InterpretationAs in sporadic AD, the deleterious effects of β‐amyloid on cognitive function, brain volume loss, and CSF tau in DIAD mutation carriers are less in Val66 homozygotes. TheBDNFVal66Met polymorphism should be considered as a potential moderator of clinical trial outcomes in current treatment and prevention trials in DIAD and sporadic AD. Ann Neurol 2018;84:424–435