bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spacetime dilaton in AdS3 × X holography
Authors: Sriprachyakul Vit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the spectrum generating operators (DDF operators) for bosonic strings and superstrings in AdS3 × X with pure, generic NSNS flux. The dual CFT is conjectured to be a deformed symmetric orbifold of $$ {\mathbb{R}}_{\overset{\sim }{Q}}\times X $$

ℝ

Q
~

×
X
, where $$ {\mathbb{R}}_{\overset{\sim }{Q}} $$

ℝ

Q
~

denotes a linear dilaton theory with slope $$ \overset{\sim }{Q} $$

Q
~

. In this paper, we construct DDF operators corresponding to the spacetime linear dilaton field in the limit where the worldsheet theory becomes free. The DDF operator gives another evidence supporting the proposed dual CFT. Furthermore, the DDF operator is constructed purely from the AdS3 fields and thus, strongly implies the existence of $$ {\mathbb{R}}_{\overset{\sim }{Q}} $$

ℝ

Q
~

for generic X that defines a consistent background.
Challenges of analytical methods for the characterization of microsamples from David Alfaro Siqueiros mural painting
Authors: Mejía-González Adrián , Jáidar Yareli , Aguilar-Rodríguez Pablo , Zetina Sandra , Esturau-Escofet Nuria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents the analysis of seven microsamples from Untitled Mural 3, painted by David Alfaro Siqueiros between 1964 and 1972. The mural has never been restored, therefore preserving the materials used by the artist. The microsamples were analyzed using a combination of techniques: optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-FTIR) with reflection mode, and high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In this work, compounds common to those identified in the analysis of the contemporary mural Trazos de composición piramidal composition were identified, such as acrylic and nitrocellulose binders, titanium white and iron red oxide as pigments, and DEHP as a plasticizer. Unexpectedly, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and different nitrocellulose monomers were identified, in addition to chrome yellow instead of ochre, and a predominance of quartz, asbestos, and talc as fillers, instead of carbonates. The study confirmed that Siqueiros used multiple binders in successive layers in no apparent order, providing valuable insights into his artistic techniques. The research also proved an efficient methodology for studying very small and complex samples.
Hydraulic performance analysis of new versus commercial nozzle design for pressurised porous media filters
Authors: Graciano-Uribe Jonathan , Pujol Toni , Duran-Ros Miquel , Arbat Gerard , de Cartagena Francisco Ramirez , Puig-Bargués Jaume 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRapid water filtration with pressurised porous media filters is extensively applied in drip irrigation systems. In double-chamber filters, the underdrains are fixed to the base of the inner plate to sustain the media above while draining water. Here, a new underdrain design intended to reduce the filter energy consumption is presented. The main difference with commercial underdrain units corresponds to the distribution of the slots, being in a horizontal plate to uniformise the flow trajectories inside the porous media. Both commercial and new underdrain designs have been tested in laboratory in both filtration and backwashing modes with three media types, two media heights, and superficial velocities ranging from 20 to 120 m h−1. In filtration mode, results indicate that the new design reduces the filter pressure drop by 31% at 60 m h−1 in comparison with the commercial one. The exploration with an analytical model that correctly reproduces the filter pressure drop, reveals that its value at 60 m h−1 is only 15% higher than the ideal scenario (uniform flow throughout the porous media bed). In backwashing mode, the pressure drop in comparison with the commercial design is reduced by 65% at 80 m h−1, while having the same trend for the bed expansion, which is also predicted by a simple analytical expression. Thus, the new underdrain design produces a more homogeneous fluidised regime than the commercial one at low-moderate superficial velocities.
Eating and Drinking with Acknowledged Risks (EDAR) in Older Adults: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Clinicians in Japan and the UK
Authors: Yoshimatsu Yuki , Markowski Marianne , Smithard David G. , Hansjee Dharinee , Hashimoto Tadayuki , Nagano Hiroyuki , Essex Ryan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEating and drinking are fundamental to life. However, older patients are often restricted with oral intake due to feared risk of aspiration. Eating and Drinking with Acknowledged Risks (EDAR) is an alternative process which enables comfort, dignity, and autonomy for these patients. While national guidance has been developed for EDAR in the UK, other ageing societies such as Japan do not have such guidance. To understand the perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals regarding the complex decision-making process around EDAR we planned a mixed methods study comparing the two countries. This was the qualitative phase of the study. Twelve healthcare professionals (two doctors, nurses and speech and language therapists each in Japan and the UK) participated in semi-structured interviews on their roles and experiences related to EDAR in older adults. We analysed the data thematically, and three themes emerged: (1) healthcare professionals and healthcare systems, (2) priorities in decision-making and (3) relationship with family and patient. There were many similarities but also differences across the countries, in the setting, training and individual experience. Decision-making was shaped by a complex combination of individual, structural and cultural factors, which indicated in the Japanese culture a greater likeliness to defer clinical decision-making and to side with families’ wishes. Healthcare professionals’ experiences and attitudes towards EDAR differed depending on various factors related with the individual and environment. The next quantitative phase of our research aims to establish the mechanism to increase confidence around EDAR in professionals and training options.
Maintaining the physiological stability during artificial spawning of Liza ramada in captivity
Authors: Ayyat M. S. , Khalil N. A. , Al-Sagheer A. A. , Elmemy M. M. , Monem U. M. Abdel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In captivity, the physiological condition of mature brood fish has a vital role for a successful artificial spawning. Therefore, the current study aimed to minimize endocrine and metabolic disruptions during routine handling, transportation, and acclimatization during artificial spawning in L. ramada. Here, we determined the impacts of transportation and handling, as well as the acclimation to different salinities on the levels of total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), cortisol, and glucose in the mature L. ramada females. The transportation procedures of cultured mature females of L. ramada without anesthesia induced physiological stress as reflected with a rapid elevation in serum cortisol and glucose concomitant with a decrease in T4 within 3 h. However, the anesthesia protocol and the gradual acclimatization to seawater (24 h) were successful in maintaining baseline concentrations of the measured hormones in mature L. ramada females. The recorded levels of thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) and cortisol proved that 40 mg l−1 of clove oil was superior to anesthetic tricaine methane sulfonate (MS-222). In parallel, clove oil as an anesthetic has a rapid induction time and longer recovery time compared to MS-222 in L. ramada anesthesia. So, the slow acclimation and clove oil anesthesia were crucial during the induction of spawning in L. ramada. Indeed, all injected females were physiologically stable and spawned within the appropriate time consistent with the histological observation of both ovary and liver. Together, these findings recommend that maintaining the physiological stability of broodstock is critical for the successful artificial spawning of mullet.
Nickel and Molybdenum-Containing Perovskites as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Biobased Furfural to a Fuel Additive Intermediate
Authors: Baabua Ketshepile , Pole Phadishe S. , Bingwa Ndzondelelo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this work, the catalytic conversion of furfural was found to follow both CTHs and etherification pathways in one-pot over multicationic inorganic perovskites (LaNi1-xMoxO3±δ) as heterogeneous catalysts. The conversion of furfural (FA) into alcohols and ether functionalities using the as-synthesized perovskite catalysts showed good conversions that are above 80% and excellent selectivity towards the desired product. The LaMoO3 catalyst was found to achieve the highest percentage conversion of 83%. Simple and multicationic inorganic perovskites were successfully employed in the transformation of furfural to produce β-methoxy-2-furanethanol. Furthermore, we postulate the hydrogenation of the keto-group to be the first step in the mechanism of the formation of β-methoxy-2-furanethanol and that its formation is characterized by rearrangement of the intermediate over the surface of the catalyst.

Graphical abstract
Design and First Tests From Room Temperature to 200 mK of a 16-to-1 CMOS Multiplexing ASIC for High Impedance NbSi TESs
Authors: Criton Benjamin , de la Broïse Xavier , Sauvageot Jean-Luc 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Achieving high spectral and spatial resolution of wide astrophysical objects in the X-ray band will be the main focus of the future X-ray space telescopes. We explore a new technological solution based on high impedance NbSi TES detectors (

$$\sim $$

∼

2 M

$$\Omega $$

Ω

) enabling the transfer of the pre-amplification stage to higher temperatures (4 K) and the use of a 50 mK CMOS time-division multiplexer to reduce power dissipation at 50 mK. We present the design and first tests, down to 200 mK, of this CMOS ASIC eventually able to work down to 50 mK and multiplexing 16 high impedance NbSi TES detectors to one 4 K amplifier with a total power budget under 2

$$\mu $$

μ

W. In parallel of this development we fabricated 4-by-4 NbSi pixel matrices to build a complete demonstrator (comprising the detector array, presented in another paper to be published, the multiplexing ASIC and the 4 K amplification stage). We aim at a multiplexing frame time of 48

$$\mu $$

μ

s leaving 3

$$\mu $$

μ

s for reading-out each high impedance pixel. The multiplexing ASIC embeds parasitic capacity compensation techniques.
Partisanship, political alignment, and charitable donations
Authors: Klein Teeselink Bouke , Melios Georgios 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how alignment with the government influences beliefs about the efficiency and role of government, and examines the behavioral consequences of these beliefs. In particular, we examine how support of versus opposition to the government affects people’s charitable donations. For both Republicans and Democrats, we find that alignment with the government leads to a reduction in charitable donations. Specifically, when accounting for government spending, supporters of the incumbent government decrease their charitable contributions, while detractors increase theirs. We explain this result by documenting a shift in people’s beliefs about the efficiency and normative role of government.
Faculty Members’ Perspective on the Internationalization of Higher Education in Taiwan
Authors: Ma Ai-hsuan Sandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFaculty members are a key stakeholder group in the internationalization of higher education. However, there is scant research on faculty in higher education internationalization, especially in the non-English-speaking world. Taking Taiwan as a case study, this study examines faculty’s perspective on and role in internationalization. Based on the data collected through in-depth interviews with faculty members and participant observation at four universities, the study shows that while faculty unanimously agreed on internationalizing higher education, they held divergent imaginaries on internationalization and different perspectives on internationalization strategies. Furthermore, university internationalization affected faculty’s work lives through performancism in faculty evaluations, the emphasis on international publications for research output, and using English as a medium of instruction (EMI). In response, faculty either took an active role in internationalization by embracing the changes, or a passive role by avoiding, questioning, or resisting internationalization initiatives. Faculty’s imaginaries of internationalization and seniority ranking were crucial in shaping their responses to and roles taken in the internationalization of higher education. This study discusses the impact of higher education internationalization on faculty’s academic profession and illuminates the challenges that universities and faculty face in non-English-speaking countries that aspire to compete in the global market of higher education.
Weder Heim noch Familie?
Authors: Hörler Daniela , Fink Andreas , Griesser Markus 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den 1970er-Jahren etablierten sich im deutschsprachigen Raum sozialpädagogische WGs (Wohngruppen, Wohngemeinschaften) als alternative Angebote der stationären Jugendhilfe. Ihre Entstehungsgeschichte und insbesondere deren geschlechterspezifische Implikationen, die sich bis heute als relevant erweisen, sind bislang kaum erforscht. Anhand zweier Fallbeispiele aus Zürich, Schweiz, und Innsbruck, Österreich, arbeitet die vorliegende Untersuchung heraus, wie in den zeitgenössischen Debatten um die neuen Unterbringungsformen sowohl Ideen von vergeschlechtlichter Familienähnlichkeit als auch familienkritische Ansätze verhandelt wurden. Dabei wird die Ausgestaltung der sozialpädagogischen WGs aus einer geschlechterkritischen Perspektive analysiert und mit Rückgriff auf das von Niederberger und Bühler-Niederberger entwickelte Konzept der Gesellungsformen eingeordnet. Hierbei zeigt sich ein differenziertes Bild: Einerseits lassen sich in den neuen Ansätzen der 1970er-Jahre neben den Gesellungsformen Familie und Organisation Spuren einer dritten Form, dem Kollektiv, nachweisen. Andererseits wird die damit einhergehende Möglichkeit veränderter Geschlechterverhältnisse durch deren Retraditionalisierung im Feld der stationären Jugendhilfe stark restringiert.
Recent Advances in Artificial Sensory Neurons: Biological Fundamentals, Devices, Applications, and Challenges
Authors: Zhong Shuai , Su Lirou , Xu Mingkun , Loke Desmond , Yu Bin , Zhang Yishu , Zhao Rong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpike-based neural networks, which use spikes or action potentials to represent information, have gained a lot of attention because of their high energy efficiency and low power consumption. To fully leverage its advantages, converting the external analog signals to spikes is an essential prerequisite. Conventional approaches including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators, and sensors suffer from high power and area costs. Recent efforts are devoted to constructing artificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biological sensory system. They can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion, overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory systems. This review summarizes and benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory neurons. It starts with the presentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction, followed by the systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial sensory neurons. Furthermore, the implementations with different perceptual capabilities are briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also provided. Finally, we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.
Pilot Course Assessment Report: Trauma, Resuscitation and Evacuation in Combat Course (“TRECC”)
Authors: Fernando Rajeev , Quinn John 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
In an effort to institutionalize NATO prehospital medical best practice standards, and to reduce preventable morbidity and mortality from Russian conventional weapon systems and irregular and multidomain warfare, the US-based non-governmental humanitarian organization HEAL Corp supported Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) through a working group to establish a fit for purpose curriculum for Ukrainian battlefield medics with the National Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MoIA) for Ukraine.

Methods
The curriculum working group culminated in the delivery of the pilot course in Ukraine. The institutionalization of Modules for training on combat medics may offer a fit for purpose, sustainable and standardized approach for NATO standardization and to rapidly reduce morbidity and mortality for warfighters.

Results
This short report describes the methodology, implementation and evaluation of the Trauma, Resuscitation and Evacuation in Combat Course (“TRECC”) curriculum and course delivery which is a product of the working group and program series with novel approaches and lessons learned for future iterations.

Conclusion
The institutionalization of Modules for training on combat medics may offer a fit for purpose, sustainable and standardized approach for NATO standardization and to rapidly reduce morbidity and mortality for warfighters.
Non-compete clauses in employment contracts: The case for regulatory response
Authors: Ross Iain 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the employment context, non-competes are contractual terms which provide that once the employment ends the employee cannot work for another employer in the same industry or field (i.e. a competitor), within a specified geographic area, for a specified time. The existing law and practice regarding non-competes in Australia is plagued with confusion and uncertainty. Non-competes also have adverse economic consequences; they are associated with reduced employee mobility and consequent negative impacts on wages and productivity.
The use of non-competes by Australian business has increased over the past 5 years and absent a policy response; this trend is likely to continue. Non-competes are no longer limited to highly paid executives but now apply to about one in five Australian workers, across income, age, occupational, and education groups.
The distribution and prevalence of non-competes in Australia are broadly consistent with data in other developed economies. A number of jurisdictions within the Organisation for Economics Co-operation and Development have imposed restrictions on the use of non-competes. The US Federal Trade Commission is considering a ban on their use and, in the UK, the government has announced its intention to limit the term of non-competes to 3 months. In Australia, the Competition Minister has recently asked the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission and Treasury for advice on the competitive aspect of non-competes. The Australian Government released an Issues Paper (https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-04/c2024-514668-issues-paper.pdf#page40) – ‘Non-competes and other restraints: understanding the impacts on jobs, business and productivity’ in April 2024. The Issues Paper outlines the existing research and evidence in Australia and overseas on the use and effects of non-competes. A public consultation process will conclude in May 2024 and Treasury will advise the Government on the outcomes of the consultations by the end of 2024.
After reviewing the arguments for and against restricting the ‘reach’ of non-competes, I conclude that the weight of the evidence favours a regulatory response to ameliorate the unfairness inherent in the existing law and practice. A number of possible regulatory responses are considered.
Rethinking Ownership, Power and Policy in Drug Patents: The Case for an Ubuntu-Infused Approach
Authors: Kolawole Omowamiwa , Ncube Caroline B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The conceptualization of a proper approach to patent law, as it relates to drug patents and access to medicines, remains contested. This article joins the discourse by positing that an application of the communitarian approach of ubuntu to the might of human rights is a useful framing for normalizing equity-based interventions and would help tilt the balance of power from a narrow profit-seeking imperative to one that prioritizes the public good. It contends that, while private entity ubuntu, corporate social responsibility or charity yield some positive results, they are inadequate and must be buttressed by the right to health, which entails access to the necessary diagnostics, therapeutics and medicine for all. The article argues against the predominant hegemony of current thought, which has so far not yielded meaningful and timely access, and advocates for a rethink of the possibilities of more just outcomes through more just processes.
Engaging Jeffrey Koperski’s decretalism: is occasionalism really avoidable?
Authors: Muhtaroglu Nazif , Malik Shoaib Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article critically evaluates Jeffrey Koperski’s decretalism, which presents the laws of nature as divine decrees functioning as constraints rather than dynamic forces. Building on his work, we explore whether his model successfully avoids the implications of occasionalism, as he claims. By analysing his latest publications, we first reconstruct Koperski’s argument and then present three key objections. These include (1) issues related to scientific realism, (2) the principle of simplicity, and (3) the reduction of Koperski’s model to occasionalism. We argue that despite his attempts to distinguish his framework, Koperski’s model ultimately collapses into occasionalism due to the continuous divine sustenance required for natural processes. By engaging with recent developments in metaphysical and scientific debates, this article highlights the limitations of Koperski’s decretalism.
The Impact of Non-profit Regulatory Instruments on Civic Engagement Intention in China
Authors: Yang Yongzheng , Wang Ying 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In China, both governments and civil institutions play important roles in non-profit regulation. However, with various regulatory instruments available, it remains unclear which has the strongest public support and most effectively promotes civic engagement. This study compared the impact of different non-profit regulatory instruments addressing information disclosure on two aspects of civic engagement intention: willingness to donate and willingness to volunteer. A survey experiment was conducted to analyse the perspectives of 939 Chinese participants on four types of regulation: no regulation, civil regulation, accommodative government regulation and deterrent government regulation. Results showed that regulation was preferred to no regulation and deterrent government regulation was preferred to accommodative government regulation, which was preferred to civil regulation. Additionally, public trust in non-profits significantly mediated the relationship between regulation and civic engagement intention. These findings suggest that government regulation, particularly the deterrent approach, garners strong public support and may be prioritized within the Chinese context.