bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD200 is a useful diagnostic marker for identifying atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia by flow cytometry
Authors: Ting Y. S. , Smith S. A. B. C. , Brown D. A. , Dodds A. J. , Fay K. C. , Ma D. D. F. , Milliken S. , Moore J. J. , Sewell W. A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionImmunophenotyping by flow cytometry is routinely employed in distinguishing between chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Inclusion of CD200 has been reported to contribute to more reliable differentiation between CLL and MCL. We investigated the value of CD200 in assessment of atypical CLL cases.MethodsCD200 expression on mature B cell neoplasms was studied by eight‐color flow cytometry in combination with a conventional panel of flow cytometry markers. The study included 70 control samples, 63 samples with CLL or atypical CLL phenotype, 6 MCL samples, and 40 samples of other mature B cell neoplasms.ResultsAll CLL samples were positive for CD200, whereas MCL samples were dim or negative for CD200. Of the CLL samples, 7 were atypical by conventional flow cytometry, with Matutes scores ≤3. These cases were tested for evidence of a t(11;14) translocation, characteristic of MCL, and all were negative, consistent with their classification as atypical CLL. All these atypical CLL samples were strongly positive for CD200.ConclusionCD200 proved to be a useful marker for differentiation between CLL and MCL by flow cytometry. In particular, CD200 was useful in distinguishing CLL samples with atypical immunophenotypes from MCL.
Immunobiology of parasitic worm extracellular vesicles
Authors: Eichenberger Ramon M , Sotillo Javier , Loukas Alex 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHelminth parasites (worms) have evolved a vast array of strategies to manipulate their vertebrate hosts. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by all helminth species investigated thus far, and their salient roles in parasite–host interactions are being revealed. Parasite EVs directly interact with various cell types from their hosts, including immune cells, and roles for their molecular cargo in both regulation and promotion of inflammation in the host have been reported. Despite the growing body of literature on helminth EVs, limited availability of genetic manipulation tools for helminth research has precluded detailed investigation of specific molecular interactions between parasite EVs and host target cells. Here, we review the current state of the field and discuss innovative strategies targeting helminth EVs for the discovery and development of new therapeutic strategies, placing particular emphasis on both anti‐helminth vaccines and EV small RNAs for treating noninfectious inflammatory diseases.
Potential thermal barrier coating materials: RE3NbO7 (RE=La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy) ceramics
Authors: Chen Lin , Wu Peng , Song Peng , Feng Jing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this work, RE3NbO7 ceramics are synthesized via solid‐state reaction and the phase structure is characterized by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The relationship between crystal structure and thermophysical properties is determined. Except Sm3NbO7, each RE3NbO7 exhibits excellent high‐temperature phase stability. The thermal expansion coefficients increase with the decreasing RE3+ ionic radius, which depends on the decreasing crystal lattice energy and the maximum value reaches 11.0 × 10−6 K−1 at 1200°C. The minimum thermal conductivity of RE3NbO7 reaches 1.0 W m−1 K−1 and the glass‐like thermal conductivity of Dy3NbO7 is dominant by the high concentration of oxygen vacancy and the local structural order. The outstanding thermophysical properties pronounce that RE3NbO7 ceramics are potential thermal barrier coating materials.
Rapid mass production of novel 3D Cu@CuI core‐shell mesh as highly flexible and efficient photocatalyst
Authors: Su Zhen , Li Jing , Zhang Dandan , Hu Sanyuan , Li Heping , Yan Youwei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe report a relatively simple and economical approach for mass production of Cu@CuI mesh. This novel core‐shell structure is CuI‐coated Cu mesh, fabricated by one‐step in situ iodination of commercial copper mesh at an ambient temperature. Such a Cu@CuI mesh is low‐cost and can be successfully used for the degradation of soluble organic pollutants in water under UV light. The novel 3D Cu@CuI core‐shell structure allows for high electron/hole separation and thus leads to high catalytic efficiency. Rhodamine B (RhB) is fully degraded in even just 6 minutes using a Cu@CuI mesh as the photocatalyst. Unlike the currently reported photocatalysts mostly in the form of powders, nanoparticles, and/or nanowires, the 3D Cu@CuI mesh is freestanding and flexible, and therefore is easily separated from water after photocatalysis without causing secondary pollution. This is a significant advance toward tackling the expansive separation issue of the conventional catalysts, because the ultra‐simple separation process of 3D Cu@CuI mesh can facilitate its industry application. With a fantastic combination of low cost, facile and green fabrication, high catalytic efficiency and easy separation 3D architecture, the Cu@CuI mesh may serve as a promising candidate for water purification.
Understanding the effect of surface flaws on the strength distribution of brittle single crystals
Authors: Gruber Manuel , Leitner Alexander , Kraleva Irina , Kiener Daniel , Supancic Peter , Bermejo Raul 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe dependence of strength on the surface quality of brittle single crystals is highly relevant in microelectronic applications, where a certain roughening of the crystal surface is required to guarantee or enhance the functional properties of the final component. In this work, the effect of surface conditioning on the strength distribution of single crystals is assessed on LiTaO3 and LiNbO3 samples with distinct surfaces (i.e., polished, grinded, and scratched). Artificial surface cracks (scratches) were introduced using a Berkovich nanoindenter tip oriented under various angles with respect to the most critical {012} cleavage plane. Biaxial tensile tests were performed using the ball‐on‐three‐balls test, supported by fractographic analyses to interpret the strength results. A direct correlation between sub‐surface damage and strength was observed, associated with the hardness and elastic constants of the material, being strongly dependent on the crystal orientation with respect to the loading axis. Furthermore, we provide an explanation for the usually low Weibull modulus in single crystals and discuss the validity of the biaxial tests on scratched specimens for fracture toughness evaluation.
Commentary: Childhood conduct problems are a public health crisis and require resources: a commentary on Rivenbark et al. ()
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra , Hyde Luke W. , Frick Paul J. , Jaffee Sara R. , Shaw Daniel S. , Tremblay Richard 
Published: May 2018

Conduct problems (CP) are actions that violate societal norms and/or the personal/property rights of others, and include behaviors such as vandalism, theft, bullying, and assault. Roughly 8%–10% of children engage in the more severe childhood‐onset form of CP, while another 25% initiate clinically‐significant levels of CP during adolescence. As deftly observed in Rivenbark et al. (), however, the high prevalence of CP belies its severity: Youth with CP are at increased risk for a number of deleterious individual outcomes, including academic delay/dropout, low professional achievement, psychopathology, addiction, and family instability.
Deflections from adolescent trajectories of antisocial behavior: contextual and neural moderators of antisocial behavior stability into emerging adulthood
Authors: Hyde Luke W. , Waller Rebecca , Shaw Daniel S. , Murray Laura , Forbes Erika E. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundEarly adulthood is a critical period when young men involved in antisocial behavior (AB) may desist. Factors including marriage and employment have been shown to predict desistance, but little work has examined whether biological factors (e.g. neural reactivity) predict deflections from lifelong AB trajectories.MethodsWe examined the continuity of, or desistance from, AB in early adulthood using group‐based trajectories of AB across adolescence in a sample of 242 men from low‐income, urban families. We examined contextual factors (romantic relationship quality, employment, neighborhood danger) and neural factors (amygdala reactivity to fearful faces, ventral striatum reactivity to reward) as moderators of the continuity of AB from adolescence (age 10–17) into early adulthood (age 22–23), and whether these pathways differed by race.ResultsHigh relationship satisfaction and employment at age 20 predicted decreased AB at age 22–23, but only among men with adolescent‐onset/moderate AB trajectories. Ventral striatum reactivity predicted continued AB, but only among African‐American men with early‐starting AB. Amygdala reactivity to fearful faces was related to later AB for those in the early‐starting group, but in divergent directions depending on race: amygdala reactivity to fearful faces was positively related to AB in European‐Americans and negatively related to AB among African‐Americans.ConclusionsContextual factors only predicted deflections of AB in those engaged in late‐starting, moderate levels of AB, whereas neural factors predicted continued AB only in those with early‐starting, severe AB, and in divergent ways based on participant race. Though there is limited power to infer causality from this observational design, research on desistance broadly can contribute to informing personalized interventions for those engaged in serious adolescence AB.
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus isolated from farmed rainbow trout and tilapia in Kenya is identical to European isolates
Authors: Mulei I R , Nyaga P N , Mbuthia P G , Waruiru R M , Njagi L W , Mwihia E W , Gamil A.A.A. , Evensen Ø , Mutoloki S 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInfectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is an aquabirnavirus that causes serious diseases in a variety of fish species worldwide. It has been isolated from a large number of healthy fresh and marine water fish. Prior to this study, there was no record of the presence of IPNV infection in Kenya. Here, the presence of IPNV in farmed rainbow trout and tilapia was examined in Nyeri County of central Kenya. Head kidney samples taken from five rainbow trout and three tilapia farms and stored in RNALater® were processed by PCR followed by sequencing of a segment A fragment covering nucleotide positions 2,120–2,343 bp. IPNV was detected in all the farms sampled with infection ratios ranging from 0.3 to 0.78 although the infections were not associated with any specific clinical signs of disease. These findings were supported by immunohistochemistry staining of the virus in the kidney and exocrine pancreas of rainbow trout. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Kenyan isolates were identical to European isolates, suggesting a common origin. These findings highlight the need for better biosecurity procedures with more stringent surveillance programmes and control for fish diseases, especially focusing on imported breeding materials to Kenya.
Lactococcus lactis, causative agent of an endocarditis valvularis and parietalis thromboticans in the allis shad, Alosa alosa (L.)
Authors: Wünnemann H , Eskens U , Prenger‐Berninghoff E , Ewers C , Lierz M 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSince the 1940s, the anadromous allis shad, Alosa alosa (L.), has suffered population declines throughout its distribution range in Europe. In context of EU‐LIFE projects for the reintroduction of the allis shad in the Rhine system, a comprehensive study was started in 2012 to investigate infectious diseases occurring in allis shad. In course of the study, 217 mature and young‐of‐the‐year allis shad originating from the wild population from the Gironde–Garonne–Dordogne system (GGD‐system) and the Rhine system as well as 38 allis shad from the breeding population were examined by use of bacteriological and histological methods. In 2012 and 2014, an endocarditis valvularis thromboticans caused by a coccoid bacterium was detected in 16% and 25% of mature allis shad originating from the GGD‐system. Results of microbiologic examinations, including biochemical characteristics, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, revealed Lactococcus lactis as causative agent of this infection. This is the first report of an endocarditis valvularis and parietalis thromboticans caused by Lactococcus lactis in fish. Possible sources of infection as well as the impact for the reintroduction programme are discussed.
State of the art review with literature summary on gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy for gastroparesis
Authors: Khoury Tawfik , Mizrahi Meir , Mahamid Mahmud , Daher Saleh , Nadella Divya , Hazou Wadi , Benson Ariel , Massarwa Muhammad , Sbeit Wisam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGastroparesis is a debilitating progressive disease that significantly impacts a patient's life with limited and challenging treatments available. Although the pathogenesis is multifactorial, pylorospasm is believed to have a major underlying role. Several therapeutic interventions directed to the pylorus have been developed over the last decade, including intra‐pyloric injections of botulinum toxin, transpyloric stenting, and surgical pyloroplasty. All of these treatment options had limited and disappointing results. More recently, gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G‐POEM) has been reported as a treatment for refractory gastroparesis. In this review article, we provide an overview on gastroparesis with a focus on the therapeutic interventions. In addition, we provide a literature summary and pool analysis of the clinical efficacy, scintigraphic efficacy, and safety profile of all studies that evaluated G‐POEM in gastroparesis. Overall, seven studies have reported on the use of G‐POEM in gastroparesis, and the pooled analysis of these studies showed a technical success of 100%, with clinical efficacy as assessed by the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptoms Index of 81.5%, gastric emptying scintigraphy normalization in approximately 55.5% of the cases, perioperative complications in 7.6%, and intraoperative complications in 6.6%. This suggests that G‐POEM is a new promising therapeutic intervention for the treatment of gastroparesis with durable effect and limited potential adverse events.
The cellular localization and redistribution of multiple aquaporin paralogs in the spermatic duct epithelium of a maturing marine teleost
Authors: Chauvigné François , Parhi Janmejay , Ducat Carla , Ollé Judith , Finn Roderick Nigel , Cerdà Joan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAquaporin‐mediated fluid transport in the mammalian efferent duct and epididymis is believed to play a role in sperm maturation and concentration. In fish, such as the marine teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), the control of fluid homeostasis in the spermatic duct seems also to be crucial for male fertility, but no information exists on the expression and distribution of aquaporins. In this study, reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting analyses, employing available and newly raised paralog‐specific antibodies for seabream aquaporins, indicate that up to nine functional aquaporins, Aqp0a, ‐1aa, ‐1ab, ‐3a, ‐4a, ‐7, ‐8bb, ‐9b and ‐10b, are expressed in the spermatic duct. Immunolocalization of the channels in the resting spermatic duct reveals that Aqp0a, ‐1aa, ‐4a, ‐7 and ‐10b are expressed in the monolayered luminal epithelium, Aqp8b and ‐9b in smooth muscle fibers, and Aqp1ab and ‐3a in different interstitial lamina cells. In the epithelial cells, Aqp0a and ‐1aa are localized in the short apical microvilli, and Aqp4a and ‐10b show apical and basolateral staining, whereas Aqp7 is solely detected in vesicular compartments. Upon spermiation, an elongation of the epithelial cells sterocilia, as well as the folding of the epithelium, is observed. At this stage, single‐ and double‐immunostaining, using two aquaporin paralogs or the Na+/K+‐ATPase membrane marker, indicate that Aqp1ab, ‐3a, ‐7, ‐8bb and ‐9b staining remains unchanged, whereas in epithelial cells Aqp1aa translation is supressed, Aqp4a internalizes, and Aqp0a and ‐10b accumulate in the apical, lateral and basal plasma membrane. These findings uncover a cell type‐ and region‐specific distribution of multiple aquaporins in the piscine spermatic duct, which shares conserved features of the mammalian system. The data therefore suggest that aquaporins may play different roles in the regulation of fluid homeostasis and sperm maturation in the male reproductive tract of fish.
Personality and political preferences over time: Evidence from a multiwave longitudinal study
Authors: Ekstrom Pierce D. , Federico Christopher M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe investigate how the relations between the Big Five personality traits and political preferences develop over a campaign.MethodWe rely on a six‐wave nationwide longitudinal survey from the 2008 U.S. election that included 20,000 respondents (Mage = 49, SD = 15; 53% women, 47% men; 82% White, 8% Black, 6% Hispanic/Latino, 1% Asian, 1% Native American, 2% other). Survey weights were applied to approximate a representative sample of the U.S. population. Ns for reported analyses range from 5,160 to 12,535.ResultsFirst, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience were significantly associated with changes in outcomes over time, such that individuals higher in Conscientiousness and lower in Openness tended to become more conservative, identify as more Republican, and evaluate John McCain more favorably relative to Barack Obama. Second, the effects of personality on candidate evaluations were mediated by partisanship and ideology. Finally, we find that the relations between traits and late‐campaign candidate evaluations are stronger than those between traits and early‐campaign candidate evaluations.ConclusionsPersonality plays an important, dynamic role in the formation and change of political preferences over the course of political campaigns—a role not entirely visible in cross‐sectional analyses.
Exploring the relationship between illness perceptions and depression in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic literature review
Authors: Muscat Priscilla , Chilcot Joseph , Weinman John , Hudson Joanna 
Published: May 2018

SUMMARYBackgroundThe prevalence of depression is found to increase from early stages to later stages of chronic kidney disease. Research on illness perceptions in patients undergoing dialysis has confirmed that patients' beliefs are associated with important outcomes; one of the most significant being depression. However, the association between illness perceptions and depression in patients in pre‐dialysis care remains unclear.ObjectiveThe main objective of this systematic review was to explore the associative relationship between illness perceptions and depression in patients with CKD prior to the commencement of dialysis.MethodsThe inclusion criteria for papers in this review were studies investigating illness perceptions and depression in patients diagnosed with CKD. Eligible studies were identified by searching the following electronic databases; Medline, CENTRAL, Embase, Psych INFO, Web of Science and Scopus. Data on the participants and the severity of kidney disease, illness perceptions and depression were extracted.ResultsSixty‐four studies met the criteria for full text review and of these, only four studies met the inclusion criteria following data extraction and quality assessment. Consistent with the common sense model, disease severity was found to be significantly associated with illness perceptions, and both were found to be associated with depressionConclusionsThe results from this review provide further evidence that the illness perceptions and disease severity play a crucial role in the adaption to CKD. This review highlights the lack of research in this area and concludes that more studies are needed to determine the nature and impact of illness perceptions in relation to depression in pre‐dialysis CKD.
Study of movement of umbilical venous catheters over time
Authors: Hoellering Adam , Tshamala Didier , Davies Mark W 
Published: May 2018

AimTo quantify, in well‐positioned umbilical venous catheters (UVC), the direction and magnitude of catheter tip migration.MethodsIn this prospective, single‐centre, observational, cohort study, infants with a UVC inserted that reached the target zone – inferior vena cava, from ductus venosus to cavoatrial junction (CAJ) – were included. Ultrasound was used to position the catheter tip as near to the CAJ as possible at insertion and to guide any subsequent withdrawals of the catheter. Radiographs and ultrasound were repeated the day following the insertion of the UVC and on any day following adjustment. A final scan was performed on the day of catheter removal. The anatomical position of the catheter and its distance from the CAJ was recorded with each scan.ResultsThe study ran from May 2015 to August 2016 in the neonatal unit at the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital. Thirty‐eight patients were recruited, but 18 failed to negotiate the ductus venosus. For the remaining 20, the initial UVC position was within 3 mm of the CAJ on ultrasound. Subsequently, on day 2, 25% of catheters were well positioned, 65% were high and 10% were below the target zone. On the late scan prior to UVC removal, 90% of catheters had migrated from their position on the preceding scan: outward migration in 80% of cases ranging from 2 to 23 mm (median 8.5 mm). Only 35% of catheters remained well positioned.ConclusionThe majority of UVCs migrate over time, usually inwards initially and then outwards to a low position.
Based serum metabolomics analysis reveals simultaneous interconnecting changes during chicken embryonic development
Authors: Peng M. L. , Li S. N. , He Q. Q. , Zhao J. L. , Li L. L. , Ma H. T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMetabolic disorder is a major health problem and is associated with a number of metabolic diseases. Due to native hyperglycaemia and resistance to exogenous insulin, chickens as a model had used in the studies of adipose tissue biology, metabolism and obesity. But no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes of serum metabolites at different stages of chicken embryonic development. This study employed LC/MS‐QTOF to determine the changes of major functional metabolites at incubation day 14 (E14d), 19 (E19d) and hatching day 1 (H1d), and the associated pathways of differential metabolites during chicken embryonic development were analysed using Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis method. Results showed that 39 metabolites were significantly changed from E14d to E19d and 68 metabolites were significantly altered from E19d to H1d in chicken embryos. Protein synthesis was promoted by increasing the concentrations of L‐glutamine and threonine, and gonadal development was promoted through increasing oestrone content from E14d to E19d in chicken embryos, which indicated that serum glutamine, threonine and oestrone contents may be considered as the candidate indicators for assessment of early embryonic development. 2‐oxoglutaric acid mainly contributed to enhancing the citric cycle, and it plays an important role in improving the growth of chicken embryos at the late development; the decreasing of L‐glutamine, L‐isoleucine and L‐leucine contents from E19d to H1d in chicken embryonic development implied their possible functions as the feed additive during early posthatch period of broiler chickens to satisfy the growth. These results provided insights into understand the roles of serum metabolites at different developmental stages of chicken embryos, it also provides available information for chicken as a model to study metabolic disease or human obesity.