bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A lattice-mechanical metamaterial with tunable two-step deformation, tunable stiffness, tunable energy absorption and programmable properties
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Gao Zexin , Chang Jiahui , Zhao Jianan , Qiu Song , Yu Peiran , Zhang Xi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mechanical metamaterials have attracted much attention in recent years because of excellent properties. However, most mechanical metamaterials have only a relatively fixed and single deformation mode. Although some multi-step deformation metamaterials have been proposed, their rich static and dynamic mechanical properties have yet to be studied in depth. Therefore, a lattice-mechanical metamaterial is introduced in this study. Under vertical compression, different unit cells under the same architecture can achieve two or three steps of deformation, respectively. Metamaterials built from these unit cells can also achieve the same properties. These properties can exist in multiple directions and are not affected by the number of unit cells. In addition, this metamaterial not only has adjustable two-step deformation, adjustable stiffness, and adjustable energy absorption properties but it can also be spatially programmed by changing geometric parameters and tessellation. Finally, a 3D design version of the metamaterial is provided, and its conceptual application is briefly demonstrated. The developed metamaterial can achieve more static and dynamic mechanical properties while taking into account two-step deformation. This can provide richer content for the development of mechanical metamaterials and also provide new perspectives for the application of energy absorbers, aerospace, and industrial products.
Optical and photoelectric properties of nanostructured SnS films obtained by spraying ink using a nanoparticle suspension
Authors: Gnatenko Yu P , Bukivskii A P , Yevdokymenko V Yu , Opanasyuk A S , Bukivskij P M , Iliash S A , Vertegel I G , Ovcharenko O I , Gamernyk R V 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, SnS films were prepared using spraying ink with a nanoparticle suspension. The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles was (18–20) nm. The structural, optical and photoelectric properties of SnS films were investigated using different characterization techniques. XRD and EDX results show that the investigated films exhibited an orthorhombic SnS phase with a composition close to the stoichiometry (C
S

/C

Sn
= 0.99) and low level of microdeformation (ε = 1.8 × 10−3). In addition, the hexagonal SnS2 and tetragonal SnO2 phases were also observed. The presence of SnS and SnS2 phases is confirmed by Raman characteristics. The band gap of the SnS, SnS2, and SnO2 phases was determined using the novel ACFD method based on the analysis of the spectra of the first derivative of the absorption coefficient, which directly determines the energy of both band-to-band optical transitions and transitions involving defect’s levels. These results correlate very well with data obtained using photoconductivity spectra. The nature of the electronic optical transitions as well as the type and energy position of various defect levels were established. It was shown that the energy of direct and indirect band-to-band optical transitions of SnS compound correspond to 1.72 eV and 1.16 eV, respectively. At the same time, the band gap of SnS2 phase equal to 2.05 eV. The ionization energy of the acceptor (233 meV) and donor (100 meV) levels that determine the p- and n-type conductivity of SnS and SnS2 compounds, respectively were defined. Due to its properties, SnS films may be suitable for the development of novel effective solar cells with SnS absorber layers.
Experimental study of physical, mechanical and tribological behaviour of polyester/kota stone dust composite
Authors: Awasthi Tanmay , Bharti Manish Singh , Agrawal Alok , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the industry of Kota stone, a significant amount of waste material is produced at the time of manufacturing. This waste is typically discarded on the local site, which is then carried away by rainwater and air, leading to environmental deterioration. The current study focuses on utilizing the waste i.e. Kota stone dust (KSD) as the filler in the polyester resin for the development of a polymeric composite. Various composite sets with different micro-particulate contents through open moulding technique are prepared and its characterization is reported. The density and void percentage of polyester increase with KSD loading. The hardness and compressive strength increased to 83.7 Shore-D number and 102.7 MPa respectively, at 40 wt% KSD. A tensile and flexural modulus also increases with KSD loading showing an improvement of 72.8% and 64.1% respectively. Contrary to that, the highest tensile and flexural strength was recorded at 25 wt% and 30 wt% KSD loading respectively, which is 29.2% and 28.8% higher than unfilled polyester. Sliding wear tests were conducted following Taguchi’s experimental design. The experiments revealed that the filler content had the most significant impact on the specific rate. The study of surface morphology of the worn surfaces provided an insight into the wear mechanisms of the composites such as craters, cracks, wear debris, and wear track formation at different sliding conditions. The composites’ wear response prediction for various test conditions within and beyond the experimental boundary was conducted by successfully implementing a model based on artificial neural networks.
Early knee osteoarthritis classification using distributed explainable convolutional neural network with local interpretable model-agnostic explanations
Authors: Ganesh Kumar M , Gumma Lakshmi Narayana , Neelam Saikiran , Yaswanth Narikamalli , Yedukondalu Jammisetty 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a type of Knee Arthritis (KA) that causes pain, swelling, and other discomforts to the knee joints, which is quite complicated to classify using previous methods due to its various limitations such as computational cost, over-fitting issues, less reliability and so on. In this research, the classification using a distributed explainable convolutional neural network with local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LExNN) model is proposed for knee Osteoarthritis. The distributed LExNN model is an ensemble with a distributed mechanism, in which the input vectors are distributed to two explainable CNNs which makes it quite easier for classification and grading. The distributed concepts are blown up with several advantages such as high computation efficiency with less training time, reliability, and develop an efficient model for classification. In addition, the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) technique interprets important information from the image and classifies the severity based on two grades namely high and low. This technique provides significant, simple, and understandable information, which is quite reliable for KOA classification. The supremacy of the model can be determined by measuring several parameters such as accuracy, precision, recall, and f1 score that gives 99.25%, 99.25%, 98.42%, and 98.83% compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
Thickness dependence of the mechanical properties of piezoelectric high-Qm nanomechanical resonators made from aluminium nitride
Authors: Ciers Anastasiia , Jung Alexander , Ciers Joachim , Radit Nindito Laurentius , Pfeifer Hannes , Dadgar Armin , Bläsing Jürgen , Strittmatter André , Wieczorek Witlef 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nanomechanical resonators with high quality factors (Q
m) enable mechanics-based quantum technologies, in particular quantum sensing and quantum transduction. High-Q
m nanomechanical resonators in the kHz to MHz frequency range can be realized in tensile-strained thin films that allow the use of dissipation dilution techniques to drastically increase Q
m. In our work, we study the material properties of tensile-strained piezoelectric films made from aluminium nitride (AlN). We characterize crystalline AlN films with a thickness ranging from 45 nm to 295 nm, which are directly grown on Si(111) by metal–organic vapour-phase epitaxy. We report on the crystal quality and surface roughness, the piezoelectric response, and the residual and released stress of the AlN thin films. Importantly, we determine the intrinsic quality factor of the films at room temperature in high vacuum. We fabricate and characterize AlN nanomechanical resonators that exploit dissipation dilution to enhance the intrinsic quality factor by utilizing the tensile strain in the film. We find that AlN nanomechanical resonators below 200 nm thickness exhibit the highest

Q
m

×

f
m

-product, on the order of 1012 Hz. We discuss possible strategies to optimize the material growth that should lead to devices that reach even higher

Q
m

×

f
m

-products. This will pave the way for future advancements of optoelectromechanical quantum devices made from tensile-strained piezoelectric AlN.
Distinguishing short-term and long-term climate impacts in damage functions
Authors: Wang Tianpeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Climate change presents substantial challenges to global economic stability, with damage functions widely applied to evaluate its potential impacts. However, differing assumptions within damage functions lead to significant variability in estimated climate damages, with limited quantitative investigation into the reasons for these discrepancies. This study addresses this gap by distinguishing between short-term and long-term climate impacts in damage assessments, using the Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy (DICE) model as a case study, alongside other assessments. Short-term impacts capture immediate economic disruptions, whereas long-term impacts encompass enduring effects on economic growth, such as reductions in capital stock. The results demonstrate that accounting for long-term impacts increases estimated damages by approximately 30% in the DICE model. Comparative analysis across multiple models reveals that different treatments of short-term and long-term climate impacts contribute significantly to variations in projected economic damages. This study emphasizes the urgent need for future damage functions to clarify both long-term and short-term climate damages to inform robust climate policies.
Four decades of research on multiword expressions: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yi Wei , Zhao Yihan , Wang Wanxin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Multiword expressions have been a prominent research topic in applied linguistics and second language acquisition. However, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to examine the landscape of this field. Using CiteSpace, we analyzed 1,302 research articles published from 1983 to 2024, retrieved from the Web of Science database. We performed various bibliometric analyses based on citation, co-citation information, and keywords from the publications to identify the most influential authors, scholarly documents, and journals in the field. We also visualized collaboration networks between authors, research institutions, and countries. Additionally, we identified the key research areas and the most frequently discussed topics over different time periods. By tracking and visualizing the patterns in research on multiword expressions over the past four decades, our study offers insights into the intellectual structure and dynamics of this field, thereby guiding future research on larger-than-word units.
Techno-economic assessment and multi-objective optimization of CO2 hydrogenation via geothermal energy storage using synthetic natural gas, refrigeration, and freshwater production
Authors: Hai Tao , Seger Abdullah Ali , El-Shafay A S , Agarwal Diwakar , Al-Yasiri Ahmed Jassim , Rajab Husam , Darweesh Moustafa S , Kolsi Lioua , Maatki Chemseddine , Singh Narinderjit Singh Sawaran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the challenge of sustainable, multi-generational energy production by introducing an innovative geothermal-powered system for simultaneous methane, electricity, cooling, and freshwater generation. The configuration integrates a flash-binary geothermal power setup with an Organic Rankine Cycle, dual-effect absorption cooling, multi-stage flash desalination, and a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) linked to a Sabatier reactor for CO2 hydrogenation. Financial analysis reveals annual revenue of $63.6 million, with operating expenses of $54.8 million and labor costs of $5.81 million, leading to a 7.3-year return on investment period. Optimized SOEC operation, including higher working temperatures, reduces voltage losses, improving energy efficiency.
Circulating DKK1 levels are significantly elevated in obese individuals and are associated with insulin resistance and oxidative stress
Authors: Yang Qiyu , Qiu Sheng , Li Shenbing , Li Ling , Yang Gangyi , Yang Mengliu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDickkopf‐1 (DKK1) is reportedly involved in various biological functions of the human body. However, the relationship between DKK1 and obesity in humans remains unknown. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate the associations between DKK1 and metabolism‐related genes and signaling pathways. EHC and OGTT were performed on all individuals. Serum DKK1 concentrations were measured by an ELISA kit. DKK1 expression was measured by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. We found that circulating DKK1 levels in overweight/obese (OW/OB) individuals were significantly elevated and were associated with parameters of glucose/lipid metabolism and IR, including BMI, WHR, fat%, TC, TG, FBG, 2 h‐BG, FIns, 2 h‐Ins, LDL‐C, HbA1c, HOMA‐IR, AUCi, AUCg, BAI, and VAI. The circulating DKK1 concentration was not affected by blood glucose or serum insulin levels. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that DKK1 may be associated with glucose/lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. At the cellular level, we found that DKK1 promoted oxidative stress and inhibited insulin signaling. Circulating DKK1 may be a biomarker for obesity and IR.
Effect of sodium butyrate on kidney and liver mitochondrial dysfunction in a lipopolysaccharide mouse model
Authors: Khan Muznah , Farooqi Sumera , Mitchell Katherine L. , Chowdhury Subir Kumar Roy , Cabrera‐Ayala Marian , Huang Jessica , Wallace Douglas C. , Weiss Scott L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSodium butyrate can reduce inflammation, but it is not known if butyrate can improve mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis. We tested butyrate to prevent or reverse lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in murine kidney and liver. C57BL/6 mice were grouped as control (n = 9), intraperitoneal (IP) LPS (n = 8), pretreatment with IP butyrate 600 (n = 3) or 1200 mg/kg (n = 8) followed 2 h later by LPS, posttreatment with IP butyrate 600 (n = 3) or 1200 mg/kg (n = 7) 1 h after LPS, or butyrate 1200 mg/kg only (n = 8). Kidney and liver tissue were collected at 24 h to measure mitochondrial respiration, electron transport system (ETS) complex activity and subunit expression, and content (citrate synthase [CS] activity and mtDNA/nDNA). Kidney mitochondrial respiration was decreased after LPS compared to controls. Pretreatment with butyrate 1200 mg/kg increased kidney OXPHOSCI+II, ETSCI+II, ETSCII, and CIV respiration compared to LPS; posttreatment did not achieve significant increases except for OXPHOSCI. Liver mitochondrial respiration exhibited a similar pattern as in kidney, but differences were not significant. ETS complex and CS activity did not differ between groups, but CI and CII subunit expression trended higher with butyrate in kidney. Changes in mtDNA/nDNA followed a similar pattern as respiration in kidney and liver with a decrease after LPS that was not present with butyrate pretreatment. These data show that butyrate can prevent—but not significantly reverse—the LPS‐induced decrease in kidney mitochondrial respiration without a clear effect in liver. Mitochondrial protection was not attributable to changes in ETS complex activity but may reflect maintenance of ETS subunit expression.
Effect of single-pill versus free equivalent combinations on persistence and major adverse cardiovascular events in hypertension: a real-world analysis
Authors: Simonyi Gábor , Burnier Michel , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Rokszin György , Abonyi-Tóth Zsolt , Kovács Gábor , Potukuchi Praveen Kumar , Abdel-Moneim Mohamed , Farsang Csaba 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
Hypertension guidelines recommend the use of single-pill combinations (SPCs) of antihypertensive drugs to improve treatment persistence and blood pressure control. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of ramipril/amlodipine (R/A) SPC versus free equivalent dose combinations (FEC) on cardiovascular outcomes and treatment persistence.

Methods:
This retrospective, observational study analysed the database of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund. The study included patients with hypertension aged at least 18 years who were initiated on R/A SPC or FEC of different dose combinations (R/A 5/5, 5/10, 10/5 and 10/10 mg) between 2012 and 2018, with follow-up for up to 60 months. Imbalances in baseline characteristics were reduced with propensity score-based sub-classification. All analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazard model and propensity score sub-classification to adjust the imbalances in baseline characteristics. Drug persistence and MACEs were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively.

Results:
Overall, 104 882 patients with SPC and 68 324 patients with FEC-treated hypertension were included. The R/A 5/5 mg combination represented the largest proportion (62%). The nonpersistence rate was significantly lower with SPC than with FEC from month 1 to month 24 in the R/A 5/5 mg combination (P < 0.001) and during the entire observation period in the remaining combinations. The MACE rate was significantly reduced with all R/A SPCs versus FECs. No effects on age and sex on both endpoints were noted.

Conclusion:
This study further supports the beneficial effects of the use of SPC on 60-month persistence and MACEs in hypertension.
Kahook Dual Blade Goniotomy Versus iStent Implantation Combined With Phacoemulsification: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guedes Jaime , Amaral Dillan Cunha , de Oliveira Caneca Karina , Cassins Aguiar Eduardo Henrique , de Oliveira Lucas Neves , Mora-Paez Denisse J. , Cyrino Laura Goldfarb , Louzada Ricardo Noguera , Moster Marlene R. , Myers Jonathan S. , Schuman Joel S. , Shukla Aakriti Garg , Shalaby Wesam Shamseldin 
Published: December 2024

Précis:
In this meta-analysis, Kahook dual blade (KDB) goniotomy achieved higher rates of surgical success compared with iStent/iStent inject implantation combined with phacoemulsification. KDB goniotomy demonstrated better intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction at month 6 compared with the stent group.

Objective:
To compare the outcomes of phacoemulsification combined with either KDB goniotomy (phaco-KDB) or trabecular microbypass stent (iStent and iStent inject) implantation (phaco-Stent).

Methods:
A literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to April 2024. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies that compared KDB goniotomy to the first or second-generation iStent combined with phacoemulsification were included. The main outcome measures were surgical success, mean change in IOP and medication number, and complication rates. Mean differences (MDs) and pooled odds ratios were used to analyze continuous and binary outcomes, respectively.

Results:
Fourteen studies were included with a total of 1959 eyes (958 phaco-KDB, and 1000 phaco-Stent including 753 phaco-iStent and 207 phaco-iStent inject). The combined findings showed significantly higher rates of surgical success in the phaco-KDB group versus the phaco-Stent group (odds ratio: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.92; P = 0.01; I
2= 40%), and greater IOP reduction in the phaco-KDB group versus the phaco-Stent group at month 6 (MD: 1.13 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.43 to 1.83; P = 0.002; I
2= 51%). By month 12, both groups demonstrated similar IOP reduction. Subgroup analysis at month 12 showed greater IOP reduction in the phaco-KDB group versus the phaco-iStent group (MD: 1.69 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.44 to 2.95; P = 0.008; I
2= 74%). However, compared with the phaco-iStent inject group, there was no significant difference in IOP reduction (MD: −0.72 mm Hg; 95% CI: −3.69 to 2.24; P = 0.63; I
2= 64%). Medication reduction and the incidence of adverse events were comparable between groups.

Conclusion:
KDB goniotomy may offer better surgical success compared with Stent implantation when used in combination with phacoemulsification. KDB goniotomy demonstrated better IOP reduction at month 12 compared with iStent. However, iStent inject showed a similar IOP reduction to KDB.
Predicting Health Access During Critical Public Health Crises
Authors: Zhong Nancy , Wohlars Kirsten , Lee-Wong Mary , Promisloff Robert , Mirsaidi Niloofar , Amsel Lawrence , Szema Anthony 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
This study explores how ambulatory medical practices adapted their policies in response to the global COVID-19 crisis. Practice and provider characteristics were used to build an artificial intelligence model that predicts future medical practice closures during critical events.

Methods
We surveyed 261 outpatient medical practices and collected information on clinician age, gender, the protective measures implemented, closure status, and utilization of telemedicine services. These data were used to build an artificial intelligence model that predicts practice closure in future critical public health events.

Results
Responses varied by specialty, location, and physician characteristics. These factors predicted closure status in 85.45% of test cases.

Conclusions
This paper demonstrates that practice characteristics can assist in predicting medical practice responses to public health events.