bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy compliance and deterrence mechanism in the sharing economy
Authors: Park Soo Kyung , Kwak Kyu Tae , Lee Bong Gyou 
Published: August 2019

PurposeIn a sharing economy, economically inactive members can serve as providers owing to the low start-up costs. However, such providers may operate without sufficient knowledge of the market and policies, causing significant problems. To prevent illegal sharing, governments encourage providers to register their businesses after meeting certain requirements, but most providers still operate unregistered businesses. The purpose of this paper is to explore the causes of policy non-compliance and suggest measures that can induce compliance.Design/methodology/approachBased on the rational choice and deterrence theories, this study combines qualitative and quantitative research. The former is used to investigate the antecedent factors affecting compliance. Using the latter, this study assumes that the existence of platform operators can resolve information asymmetries. The qualitative findings provide the variables that can lead to policy compliance, while the quantitative research verifies the causal relationships.FindingsBusiness registration by providers in the sharing economy arises from their subjective cost-benefit calculations of policy compliance. According to the qualitative research, they believe there is a low risk of detection of policy non-compliance by the government. The quantitative research suggests that interventions by platform operators could resolve information asymmetries between the government and providers.Originality/valueThis study designed a mechanism to guide providers toward policy compliance. To reduce friction with the existing market and ensure efficient growth, it is necessary to cooperate with sharing economy participants. The results suggest that the role of platform operators and the government is important.
Does more crowd participation bring more value to crowdfunding projects? The perspective of crowd capital
Authors: Yin Chunxiao , Liu Libo , Mirkovski Kristijian 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on investigating the impact of crowd participation on degree of project success, which is defined as the total amount of funds a project can obtain after it reaches its initial funding goal threshold.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the theory of crowd capital, this study develops six hypotheses about the impact of crowd capability of a fundraiser (i.e. project updates, goal setting, reward levels and social media usage) and crowd participation (i.e. namely, funds pledge and on-site communication) on degree of project success. The hypotheses are tested using data sets of successful projects collected from two popular crowdfunding websites.FindingsThis study finds that funds pledge has an inverse U-shaped relationship with degree of project success. Project updates, reward levels and on-site communication positively influence degree of project success, while funding goal negatively affects degree of project success.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to prior literature by investigating the degree of project success determinants using the perspectives of both fundraisers and crowds, which provides a more comprehensive understanding of what makes a crowdfunded project a success.Practical implicationsThe empirical results of this study provide fundraisers with guidelines about how to access more funds after achieving the initial funding goals.Originality/valueThis work is one of the first to investigate the degree of project success and its determinants from the perspectives of both fundraisers and crowds.
Dimensions for improvement of construction management practice in Ethiopian construction industry
Authors: Mengistu Desalegn Girma , Mahesh Gangadhar 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The state of the different practices in construction industry determines its performance level. Hence, improving performance of construction industry needs assessing state of the practices in the industry and devising improvement intervention. The purpose of this paper is to measure improvement requirement level of different construction management practice areas and to identify the underlying improvement dimensions in Ethiopian construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire survey was developed for data collection based on a thorough literature review which yielded 28 construction management practice areas. Purposive sampling method was used to select respondents for the survey. Mean score was used to identify the required improvement level, and one sample T-test was carried out to identify significance of improvement requirement. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the underlying dimensions of the construction management practice areas.

Findings
Findings indicate 27 areas need significant improvement. This shows the low level of adoption of good construction management practices in Ethiopian construction industry. Factor analysis resulted in the areas being grouped to four broad improvement dimensions, namely, project management, organization management, knowledge and risk management and project development and contract management.

Originality/value
The findings provide information for appropriate action by the stakeholders to raise standards of adopted construction management practices. It also show areas of construction management which require more focused research in the context of Ethiopian construction industry. Considering the similarity of nature of construction industry problems in developing countries, the findings can be extended to similar countries.
Research on comprehensive environmental impact assessment of shale gas development
Authors: Luo Zhenhua , Chen Yixi , Cen Kang , Pan Haize , Zhong Mengfan , He Jian 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
In recent years, to solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand, the Chinese Government has vigorously promoted shale gas development. With the rapid development of the shale gas industry, the environmental impact problems have become increasingly serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out a comprehensive environmental impact assessment of shale gas development. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for enterprises to make development decisions on shale gas projects by constructing a model of comprehensive environmental impact assessment for shale gas development.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the comprehensive environmental impact factors of shale gas development are analyzed from the two aspects of the natural environment and macro environment, and the index system of comprehensive environmental impact assessment for shale gas development including 7 secondary indicators and 24 tertiary indicators is constructed. Owing to the fact that qualitative indicators are difficult to quantify in the evaluation process, the method of intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (IFAHP) is adopted for evaluation. This method (IFAHP) can delicately describe the hesitancy degree of the decision-makers in the process of assigning a weight to the indicators, and make the weight assignment of each index more accurate. Furthermore, this method overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional methods, such as the complexity of calculation and the large amount of calculation.

Findings
The evaluation model is applied to a shale gas platform drilling project in Southwest China. Based on the ratings from 13 experts, the comprehensive environmental impact assessment grade of this project is good, indicating that the shale gas development project is feasible. The result is basically in line with the actual situation.

Originality/value
Based on the consideration of the natural environmental impacts of shale gas development, this paper also has considered the macro environmental impact of shale gas development, and has established the index system of comprehensive environmental impact assessment for shale gas development from the two aspects of the natural environment and macro environment. To overcome such difficulties as incomplete evaluation by decision-makers, cumbersome calculation process and a large amount of calculation, this paper has adopted the method of IFAHP to evaluate and has established a comprehensive environmental impact assessment model for shale gas development based on IFAHP.
Voluntary disclosure and earnings quality: evidence from ownership concentration environment
Authors: Karajeh Ahmad Ibrahim Said 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between earnings quality and corporate voluntary disclosure among Malaysian listed companies. Moreover, it examines the moderating effect of the ownership structure on the relationship between earnings quality and corporate voluntary disclosure.Design/methodology/approachThis study covers 300 companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. It has used strategic, financial and non-financial information to measure voluntary disclosure; earnings management, persistence and smoothness to measure earnings quality; and institutional and managerial shareholders to measure ownership structure. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to investigate if ownership structure moderates the relationship between earnings quality and corporate voluntary disclosure.FindingsThe results in this work imply that companies with high earnings quality are more likely to disclose voluntary information to help stakeholders. Furthermore, this study provides original evidence that institutional ownership and managerial ownership play a main role as moderating variables that influence management motives toward practices of voluntary disclosure and earnings quality.Originality/valueBecause of the limited number of empirical studies on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and earnings quality, this study fills a gap in the literature by investigating the relationship between them. In addition, a lack of research exists on the effects of ownership structure on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and the earnings quality. Therefore, this study makes an original contribution to the literature by using institutional and managerial ownership as moderating variables to investigate the effects of the ownership structure on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and earnings quality in Malaysian companies.
Antecedents and consequences of luxury brand engagement in social media
Authors: Brandão Amélia , Pinho Eva , Rodrigues Paula 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyse the antecedent (Consumer Involvement) and the consequences (Brand Connection and Brand Usage Intent [BUI]) of the three dimensions of Consumer Brand Engagement (CBE) (Cognitive Processing, Affection and Activation) in luxury brand engagement on Facebook.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through an online questionnaire completed by fans/followers of luxury brands’ Facebook pages. The empirical study was conducted using structural equation modelling.

Findings
Consumer Involvement has a positive impact on the three dimensions of CBE (Cognitive Processing, Affection and Activation). This leads to the conclusion that Activation and Affection have an impact both on Self-Brand Connection and on BUI. Moreover, it was found that Cognitive Processing impacts only on BUI.

Practical implications
The results identified the factors which brand managers should focus on to increase CBE on Facebook.

Originality/value
This study is a pioneer, as it extends the consumer engagement model to the social media context in a hedonic and conspicuous consumption category which includes luxury brand products.
Effect of fused deposition modelling process parameters on mechanical properties of 3D printed parts
Authors: Chadha Abhinav , Ul Haq Mir Irfan , Raina Ankush , Singh Rana Ratna , Penumarti Narendra Babu , Bishnoi Manjeet Singh 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the effect of bed temperature, primary layer thickness and infill pattern (rectilinear, honeycomb, triangular) on the mechanical properties of tensile strength and bending strength of 3D printed parts.

Design/methodology/approach
Samples in accordance to various ASTM standards were printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) method by varying the various input paramaters such as bed temperature, primary layer thickness and infill pattern (rectilinear, honeycomb, triangular). Tensile and bending testing was carried out on the printed parts, and post to the testing, fractography has been carried out using scanning electron microscope.

Findings
With increase in bed temperature tensile strength and flexural strength first increases then decreases. With the increase in primary layer thickness, tensile strength and flexural strength increase. With regard to infill patterns, triangular and honeycomb exhibit better tensile strength and better flexural strength.

Practical implications
The 3D printing is increasingly becoming important for manufacturing of engineering parts, determining the process parameters which could result in better mechanical and physical properties shall certainly help designers and manufacturers globally.

Originality/value
This work elucidates the effect of various process parameters of FDM on tensile and flexural properties of the samples.
The new detective
Authors: Eck John E. , Rossmo D. Kim 
Published: August 2019

Research SummaryThe clearance rates for murder and other serious crimes have declined significantly for almost 60 years despite significant technological improvements in police investigations. The reasons for this are not well understood. We argue here for rethinking why, what, and how police investigators operate so as to repurpose their work for reducing crime. These changes include improved thinking by detectives to reduce investigative errors, increased focus on patterns of crimes, and better use of detective expertise in crime prevention.Policy ImplicationsFirst, police should work to reduce investigative failures by improving investigative thinking. Second, tinkering with the administrative practices of investigative units seems unlikely to produce significant results. Third, police agencies should engage detectives in crime prevention. Finally, police agencies should connect investigations to problem solving.
Why do gun murders have a higher clearance rate than gunshot assaults?
Authors: Cook Philip J. , Braga Anthony A. , Turchan Brandon S. , Barao Lisa M. 
Published: August 2019

Research SummaryThe prevailing view is that follow‐up investigations are of limited value as crimes are primarily cleared by patrol officers making on‐scene arrests and through the presence of eyewitnesses and forensic evidence at the initial crime scene. We use a quasi‐experimental design to compare investigative resources invested in clearing gun homicide cases relative to nonfatal gun assaults in Boston. We find the large gap in clearances (43% for gun murders vs. 19% for nonfatal gun assaults) is primarily a result of sustained investigative effort in homicide cases made after the first 2 days.Policy ImplicationsPolice departments should invest additional resources in the investigation of nonfatal gun assaults. When additional investigative effort is expended, law enforcement improves its success in gaining the cooperation of key witnesses and increases the amount of forensic evidence collected and analyzed. In turn, the capacity of the police to hold violent gun offenders accountable, deliver justice to victims, and prevent future gun attacks is enhanced.
Network exposure and excessive use of force
Authors: Ouellet Marie , Hashimi Sadaf , Gravel Jason , Papachristos Andrew V. 
Published: August 2019

Research SummaryIn this study, we investigate how a police officer's exposure to peers accused of misconduct shapes his or her involvement in excessive use of force. By drawing from 8,642 Chicago police officers named in multiple complaints, we reconstruct police misconduct ego‐networks using complaint records. Our results show that officer involvement in excessive use of force complaints is predicted by having a greater proportion of co‐accused with a history of such behaviors.Policy ImplicationsOur findings indicate officers’ peers may serve as social conduits through which misconduct may be learned and transmitted. Isolating officers that engage in improper use of force, at least until problematic behaviors are addressed, seems to be critical to reducing police misconduct and department‐wide citizen complaints. Future studies should be aimed at investigating how social networks shape police misconduct and the ways network analysis might be used to diffuse intervention strategies within departments.
Promotion of Mitochondrial Biogenesis via Activation of AMPK‐PGC1ɑ Signaling Pathway by Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extract, and Its Major Active Component 6‐Gingerol
Authors: Deng Xiaohong , Zhang Siwei , Wu Junzhen , Sun Xianjun , Shen Ziyin , Dong Jingcheng , Huang Jianhua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSeveral studies indicated that ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) enhances thermogenesis and/or energy expenditure with which to interpret the beneficial effects of ginger on metabolic disorders. It is well known that mitochondrial activity plays an essential role in these processes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ginger extract (GE) and its major components, 6‐gingerol and 6‐shogaol, on mitochondrial biogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that GE at dose of 2 g/kg promoted oxygen consumption and intrascapular temperature in mice. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in muscle and liver increased. Expression levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) related proteins and AMP‐activated protein kinase ɑ/proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 ɑ (AMPK/PGC1ɑ) signaling related proteins in the muscle, liver, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) increased as well. In HepG2 cells, GE at concentration of 2.5 and 5 mg/mL increased mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy number. GE promoted ATP production, the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and IV, and expression levels of OXPHOS complex related proteins and AMPK/PGC1ɑ signaling related proteins. The antagonist of AMPK eliminated partly the effect of GE on mitochondrial biogenesis. 6‐Gingerol increased mitochondrial mass, mtDNA copy number and ATP production, and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in HepG2 cells as well. However, both 6‐gingerol at high concentration of 200 µM and 6‐shogaol at 10 to 200 µM inhibited cell viability. In conclusion, GE promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and improved mitochondrial functions via activation of AMPK‐PGC1ɑ signaling pathway, and 6‐gingerol other than 6‐shogaol, may be the main active component.Practical ApplicationGinger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a food seasoning and also used as a medical plant in alternative medicine throughout the world. Here, we demonstrated that ginger extract (GE) promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function via activation of AMPK‐PGC1ɑ signaling pathway both in mice and in HepG2 cells, and 6‐gingerol may be its main active component. Ginger, with anticipated safety, is expected to be a long‐term used dietary supplement and be developed into a new remedy for mitochondrial dysfunctional disorders.
Radiation treatment in early stage triple‐negative breast cancer in New Zealand: A national database study
Authors: Dixit Ashutosh , Frampton Chris , Davey Valerie , Robinson Bridget , James Melissa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to investigate the impact of radiation treatment in early‐stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsPatients with early stage (T1‐3, N0‐2, M0) TNBC were identified using the New Zealand breast cancer register. The outcomes of local recurrence (LRFR), local recurrence free survival (LRFS), loco‐regional recurrence free rate (LRRFR), loco‐regional recurrence free survival (LRRFS), breast cancer specific survival (BCSS), metastasis free (MFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined. Predefined univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were used to explore associations between known prognostic and treatment factors.Results1209 patients were identified with a median follow‐up of 3.88 years. The majority were post‐ menopausal. The mean tumour size was 26mm, the majority had grade III disease and a third were node positive. 625 patients had mastectomy and 584 had breast conservation surgery (BCS). 92% of BCS and 38% of mastectomy patients received radiation. 67% received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5 year OS was 77.6% (95% CI 74.6–80.2), 5 year BSS was 82.1% (95%CI 79.1–84.7), 5 year LRRFS was 73.9% (95% CI 73.87–73.93), 5 year LRFS was 75.4 (75.37–75.43) and the 5 year LRFR was 92.4% (95% CI 90.6–94.2). The significant prognostic/predictive factors for OS were adjuvant radiation treatment, chemotherapy, T stage, lymph node involvement and lympho‐vascular space invasion. Results were similar for BSS, DMFS, LRFS and LRRFS except that LVSI was not significantly associated with BCSS, LRFS or LRRFS. When analysed by surgical type, in the WLE group, radiation was found to be significantly associated with improvement in all outcomes. In mastectomy group, radiation was not found to be significant for BCSS, LRFS, LRRFS or OS.ConclusionRadiation treatment is significantly associated with improved outcomes in early stage TNBC. This argues against the hypothesis that TNBC has inherent radiation resistance.
Characteristics and risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome: 15 new cases from a single center
Authors: Zhang Na , Zhao Yin , Wang Hui , Sun Wenwen , Chen Ming , Fan Qian , Yang ZhenWen , Wei Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to retrospectively describe 15 new primary Sjögren's syndrome‐pulmonary arterial hypertension (pSS‐PAH) cases confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC). Demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed and risk factors for PAH in pSS were explored.MethodWe retrospectively described 15 new pSS‐PAH cases confirmed by RHC referred to our institution between January 2013 and March 2018. We present PAH and pSS characteristics, hemodynamic evaluations, medical management, and outcomes. A matched case control study was carried out to determine the risk factors of PAH in pSS compared with pSS‐non‐PAH patients.ResultsAll patients were female with a mean age at PAH diagnosis of 52.9 ± 14.6 years. The delay between the first symptom and PAH diagnosis was 18.7 ± 19.7 months. The most common primary manifestation at PAH onset was exertional dyspnea (13/15). At diagnosis of PAH, PAH was severe with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 48.8 ± 13.7 mm Hg (range, 27‐72 mm Hg) and a mean cardiac index of 2.3 ± 0.6 L/min/m2 (range, 1.47‐3.41 L/min/m2). Compared with the pSS‐PAH without pericardial effusion, pSS‐PAH with pericardial effusion had larger right arterial (53 [45‐56.75] vs 38 [35.5‐46.5], P = .018) and right ventricular sizes (47 [42.75‐51.25] vs 36 [32.5‐41], P = .007). Compared with the pSS non‐PAH group, we identified 2 risk factors for PAH in pSS: pericardial effusion (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI], 14.29 [1.14‐166.67], P = .039) and liver involvement (OR [95% CI], 14.71 [1.14‐166.67], P = .035).ConclusionFor pSS patients, PAH can be the first manifestation. We believe that systemic evaluation, especially in patients with pericardial effusion and liver involvement, is important to identify high‐risk patients for PAH, improving their prognosis.