bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of FoxP3 on tumour stage, treatment response, recurrence and survivalability in nasopharynx cancer patients
Authors: Kara İrfan , Çağlı Sedat , Vural Alperen , Yüce İmdat , Gündoğ Mete , Deniz Kemal , Kökoğlu Kerem 
Published: February 2019

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the cell percentage of T regulator (Treg) cells of patients’ specimens and disease severity, survivability, recurrence and metastasis in patients who were diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Design, Setting and Participants: Sixty patients who were diagnosed as NPC and treated by the same protocol were enrolled to the study. Patient files were reviewed retrospectively and their clinical and pathological results were recorded. Deparaffinized samples of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were stained immunohistochemically with anti‐FoxP3 monoclonal antibody. All patients’s Anti‐FoxP3 stained slides were evaluated by the same pathologist. Stained Treg lymphocytes around the tumoral foci were investigated. Patients were divided into two groups according to the total anti‐FoxP3‐stained Treg cell counts of the specimens; that is, less than 20% of the total or more than 20% of the total. These groups were compared statistically.Main Outcome Measures: Intensity of FoxP3 which is related to negative tumor response was the main outcome measure. It was evaluated in terms of stage, survival, recurrence and metastasis.Results: The study group consisted of 42 male patients (70%) and 18 female patients (30%). The mean age was 47 ± 14.9. NPC subtypes among the patients were undifferentiated non‐keratinized type in 54 patients (90%), differentiated non‐keratinized type in 4 patients (6.66%) and keratinized type squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 2 patients (3.33%). When the two groups were compared in terms of pathological subtype, there was no significant variation between the two groups. There was also no significant variation between the two groups when compared on the basis of tumor stage (P = 0.36 for T phase, P = 0.122 for N phase), early stage, late phase (P = 0.15), survival rate (P = 0.69 for general survival), recurrence (P = 0.2 for local recurrence, P = 0.37 for regional recurrence) and distant metastasis (P = 0.3).Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the concentration of these cells in the stained specimens and the disease stage, survival rate, recurrence and distant metastasis discovered.
Deprescribing in dermatology: a systematic review of current dermatological guidelines
Authors: Darr‐Foit Susanne , Elsner Peter , Tittelbach Jörg 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe term “deprescribing” refers to the systematic process of identifying, tapering, and discontinuing individually ineffective and/or potentially harmful drugs. Considering various aspects, the present review addresses the concept of “deprescribing” in the context of recommendations for use of systemic drugs contained in current dermatological guidelines. Overall, 16 sets of guidelines developed under the auspices of the German Society of Dermatology (DDG) were reviewed. Our analysis shows that many guidelines contain no or insufficient information in terms of deprescribing systemic drugs. We therefore propose that future guidelines and guideline updates should include standardized recommendations for discontinuation or dose adjustment of systemic therapies.
Rechallenge of targeted therapy in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Reschke Robin , Simon Jan‐Christoph , Ziemer Mirjana 
Published: February 2019

SummaryRechallenge of targeted therapy in patients with BRAFV600‐mutated melanoma plays an important role, because of the prolonged overall survival of melanoma patients. Patients may be rechallenged after a drug‐free interval following adverse drug reactions, after radiation therapy or surgery, following disease progression on subsequent immunotherapy or chemotherapy, or after disease progression without interim therapeutic intervention. To date, only few data has been published on treatment outcomes associated with rechallenge.The articles published on this topic included a total of 238 patients. In general, it was shown that patients did respond to rechallenge, even if they had previously experienced disease progression on targeted therapy. Patient response varied from stable disease to partial response and even complete remission in some cases. Our analysis showed overall response rates to rechallenge of 47 %, with disease control rates of 67 %. While mean progression‐free survival was 6.4 months, this was shorter than after the first round of targeted therapy (mean progression‐free survival of 9.2 months).Rechallenge of targeted therapy offers another option in the management of melanoma patients who have received extensive prior treatment. In particular, it will be important to clarify whether the type of interim treatment has an impact on the response to rechallenge.
Model‐based characterization of the relationship between dapagliflozin systemic exposure and HbA1c response in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Parkinson Joanna , Tang Weifeng , Åstrand Magnus , Melin Johanna , Ekholm Ella , Hamrén Bengt , Boulton David W. 
Published: February 2019

AimsTo quantitatively describe the relationship between dapagliflozin systemic exposure and HbA1c response among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and assess the potential impact of covariate effects.Materials and MethodsIndividual longitudinal HbA1c data from two phase 3 studies in patients with T1DM (24‐week treatment with once‐daily dapagliflozin 5 or 10 mg or placebo, with adjustable insulin) were analyzed using a non‐linear mixed effect modeling approach. Area under the concentration curve was used to measure dapagliflozin systemic exposure. Baseline HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate, reduction in total insulin dose, baseline glucose concentrations, age, sex, race (Asian vs. non‐Asian), and insulin administration method (multiple daily injections vs. insulin pump) were assessed as covariates.ResultsA maximum effect (Emax) model identified a positive exposure–response relationship. Model‐predicted placebo‐corrected HbA1c reductions after 24 weeks for dapagliflozin 5‐ and 10‐mg doses were − 0.42% [95% confidence interval (CI) −0.47 to −0.36) and − 0.45% (95% CI −0.50 to −0.40), respectively; baseline HbA1c was ~8.4%. This was in good agreement with actual observations from both studies. Baseline HbA1c was a significant covariate: patients with higher baseline HbA1c were predicted to have greater HbA1c reductions.ConclusionsThe relationship between dapagliflozin systemic exposure and HbA1c response was successfully described in patients with T1DM. None of the tested covariates affected the efficacy of dapagliflozin to a clinically relevant extent. Therefore, no dose adjustment of dapagliflozin is required in patients with T1DM based on the tested covariates. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02268214; NCT02460978.
Characterizing surface electrochemical properties of simulated bulk soil in situ by streaming potential measurements
Authors: Li Zhongyi , Liu Yuan , Wang Dengjun , Wang Pengshun , Xu Renkou , Xie Deti 
Published: February 2019

To evaluate the feasibility of using streaming potential to characterize the surface electrochemical properties of soil in situ, a quartz sand‐packed column was used to mimic the porous structure and architecture of bulk soil. A laboratory‐made apparatus was developed to measure in situ the streaming potential of quartz grains in the packed column under environmentally relevant physicochemical conditions (e.g. electrolyte pH, Fe oxide coating on sand grains, transport of goethite and amorphous Al hydroxide colloids, and the presence of humic acid). The results showed a significant positive relation between the measured streaming potentials and zeta potentials of the quartz grains examined. With decreasing electrolyte pH, the streaming potential of the quartz grains became less negative because of the greater protonation effect. Similarly, when Fe oxide was adsorbed on to the quartz surfaces, the streaming potential of Fe oxide‐coated quartz grains was less negative than that of uncoated quartz grains as a result of charge neutralization between positively charged Fe oxide and negatively charged sand grains. However, the streaming potential of Fe oxide‐coated quartz grains became more negative when humic acid was added to the electrolyte solution because of increased adsorption of negatively charged humic acid. Interestingly, an obvious change of streaming potential in the processes of colloidal goethite and amorphous Al hydroxide transport in the sand‐packed column grains occurred. Given that the overall positive charge of the colloidal amorphous Al was greater than that of goethite colloids, transport of amorphous Al colloids was found to exert a stronger effect on the variation in streaming potential of quartz sand. Taken altogether, the in situ streaming potential results showed that streaming potential can be used as a powerful index to characterize directly the surface electrochemical properties of quartz grains representing bulk soil.Highlights

The variation in surface electrochemical properties of bulk soil needs investigation.
We measured the streaming potential produced by simulated bulk soil using a laboratory‐made apparatus.
The streaming potential of bulk soil varied with the change in environmentally relevant conditions.
Streaming potential is a powerful index characterizing the surface electrochemical properties of bulk soil.
Pituitary gland abscess in a horse subsequent to head trauma
Authors: Morgan R. E. , Fiske‐Jackson A. R. , Biggi M. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryA 5‐year‐old Thoroughbred gelding with recent history of head trauma presented with multiple facial swellings, bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, neck pain, inappetence and depression. On computed tomographic examination, lesions within the pituitary fossa and structures adjacent to the right guttural pouch were identified. Soft tissue swelling was seen in the dorsal aspect of the right guttural pouch surrounding several cranial nerves, with fluid‐like material in the dependent portions of the right guttural pouch. A CSF sample revealed mild mixed pleocytosis and increased protein concentration. The horse had concurrent periapical disease of the 209‐cheek tooth and mild left sinusitis. The horse's demeanour deteriorated requiring euthanasia. Post‐mortem examination revealed a pituitary gland abscess.
Single‐step process without organic template for the formation of zeolite A from RHA
Authors: Kumar Amit , Naskar Milan K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDice‐shaped zeolite A (NaA) was prepared via direct dissolution of rice husk ash (96.5% SiO2) in the presence of NaOH and sodium aluminate solution by autoclave process at 90°C/6 h without using any templating agent. The prepared particles were characterized by DTA/TG, XRD, FTIR, N2 adsorption‐desorption physisorption analysis, FESEM, and TEM. XRD results confirmed crystallization of pure NaA zeolite phase. FTIR study shows the characteristic bands at 554 cm−1 for double 4 membered ring (D4R) of NaA zeolite. The total BET surface area of the product was found to be 31.6 m2 g−1. FESEM and TEM images show dice shaped NaA particles of size around 1 μm which is formed via oriented crystalline aggregation of primary particles (30‐40 nm). A tentative mechanism was proposed for the formation of NaA crystals through direct dissolution of rice husk ash. The synthesized NaA zeolite could be used for purification of alcohol and separation of toxic and radioactive ions from waste water via a cost‐effective process.
Identification of antioxidant peptides derived from egg‐white protein and its protective effects on H2O2‐induced cell damage
Authors: Zhang Biying , Wang Huiyu , Wang Ying , Yu Yiding , Liu Jingbo , Liu Boqun , Zhang Ting 
Published: February 2019

SummaryTo identify novel antioxidant peptides from egg‐white protein and investigate antioxidant mechanism, the hydrolysate of egg‐white protein was purified by ultrafiltration and a Sephadex G‐15 column. The peptides VYLPR, EVYLPR, VEVYLPR and VVEVYLPR were identified from the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity. The Results showed that the peptide VYLPR exhibited the strongest protective effect on HEK‐293 cells. The viability of cells recovered to 97.45 ± 1.98% with pre‐treatment of 20 μm VYLPR. We further investigated antioxidant mechanism. The results showed VYLPR could inhibit lipid peroxidation process, maintain cell membrane integrity, inhibit intracellular LDH activity, reduce MDA content, and improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme T‐SOD and GSH‐Px. This work could help researchers in understanding antioxidant mechanism of peptides and also contribute to developing functional egg‐white product.
Lack of harmonization in high fluorescent cell automated counts with body fluids mode in ascitic, pleural, synovial, and cerebrospinal fluids
Authors: Buoro Sabrina , Seghezzi Michela , Dominoni Paola , Moioli Valentina , Manenti Barbara , Previtali Giulia , Ottomano Cosimo , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionCellular analysis in body fluids (BFs) provides important diagnostic information in various pathological settings. This study was hence aimed at comparing automated cell count obtained with Mindray BC‐6800 (BC‐BF) vs Sysmex XN‐series (XN‐BF) and evaluating other quantitative and qualitative information provided by these analyzers in ascitic (AF), pleural (PF), synovial (SF), and cerebrospinal (CSF) fluids.MethodsThree hundred and fifty‐one samples (99 AFs, 45 PFs, 75 SFs, and 132 CSFs) were analyzed in parallel with BC‐BF, XN‐BF, and optical microscopy (OM). The study also included the assessment of diagnostic agreement among BC‐BF, XN‐BF, and OM.ResultsThe comparison of BC‐BF vs XN‐BF yielded slopes of Passing and Bablok regression always comprised between 0.9 and 1.0 except for EO‐BF and HF‐BF, whilst the intercepts ranged from −0.4 for MN‐BF and 12.0 for PMN‐BF. The bias was comprised between −103.3% and 67.1% for HF‐BF and EO‐BF, respectively. A significant bias was found for TC‐BF, WBC‐BF, HF‐BF (negative bias) and for PMN‐BF and EO‐BF (positive bias). The agreement (Cohen's kappa) between XN‐BF and BC‐BF was always ≥0.7, ranging between 0.87 in CSFs and 0.94 in AFs, and that with OM was similar (ie, 0.85 and 0.96).ConclusionThe cytometric analysis of BF samples using BC‐BF and XN‐BF is clinically favorable when appropriately combined with OM. Quantitative and qualitative parameters displayed optimal agreement, whilst instrument‐specific cut‐offs should be defined and implemented for HF‐BF and EO‐BF. Further efforts should be made for achieving better harmonization in cytometric analysis of BF samples.
Comparison of perioperative outcomes between open and minimally invasive nephroureterectomy: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Nazzani Sebastiano , Bazinet Amélie , Preisser Felix , Mazzone Elio , Tian Zhe , Mistretta Francesco A , Shariat Shahrokh F , Saad Fred , Zorn Kevin C , Montanari Emanuele , Briganti Alberto , Carmignani Luca , Karakiewicz Pierre I 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesTo examine intraoperative and postoperative morbidity and mortality, as well as the impact on length of stay and total hospital charges of minimally invasive nephroureterectomy compared with open nephroureterectomy in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.MethodsWithin the National Inpatient Sample (2008–2013), we identified patients with non‐metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with either minimally invasive nephroureterectomy or open nephroureterectomy. We relied on inverse probability of treatment weighting to reduce the effect of inherent differences between open nephroureterectomy versus minimally invasive nephroureterectomy. Multivariable logistic regression, multivariable Poisson regression models and multivariable linear regression models were used.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2013, we identified 3897 patients treated with either minimally invasive nephroureterectomy (1093 [28%]) or open nephroureterectomy (2804 [72%]). In multivariable logistic regression models, minimally invasive nephroureterectomy resulted in lower rates of overall (odds ratio 0.71, P < 0.001), wound (odds ratio 0.49, P = 0.01), intraoperative (odds ratio 0.55, P = 0.01), miscellaneous surgical (odds ratio 0.64, P = 0.008) and miscellaneous medical complications (odds ratio 0.77, P = 0.002). Furthermore, minimally invasive nephroureterectomy was associated with lower rates of transfusions (odds ratio 0.61, P < 0.001). In multivariable Poisson regression models, minimally invasive nephroureterectomy was associated with shorter length of stay (relative risk 0.88, P < 0.001). Finally, higher total hospital charges ($2500 more per patient) were recorded for minimally invasive nephroureterectomy.ConclusionsIntraoperative and postoperative morbidity, as well as length of stay, but not total hospital charges favor minimally invasive nephroureterectomy over open nephroureterectomy. These outcomes validate the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive nephroureterectomy in select upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients.
Impact of molar incisor hypomineralization on quality of life in children with early mixed dentition: A hierarchical approach
Authors: Portella Paula Dresch , Menoncin Bruna Leticia Vessoni , de Souza Juliana Feltrin , de Menezes José Vitor Nogara Borges , Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Assunção Luciana Reichert da Silva 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundMolar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is associated with unfavourable dental conditions such as dental caries and may consequently impact oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).ObjectiveTo assess the impact of MIH on OHRQoL in children with early mixed dentition.MethodA population‐based cross‐sectional study of 728 8‐year‐old children from the public school system in Curitiba, Brazil, was conducted. The Child Perception Questionnaire for 8‐ to 10‐year‐olds (CPQ8‐10) was used to evaluate OHRQoL. MIH was diagnosed according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. The assessments of MIH, dental caries, and malocclusion were performed by four calibrated examiners (κ ≥ 0.80). Demographic and socioeconomic data (DSE) were obtained from the children's parents/caregivers using a structured questionnaire. The analysis of OHRQoL determinants was performed through a three‐level hierarchical approach: mesial (DSE), intermediate (clinical conditions), and distal (child's oral self‐perception), using Poisson regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).ResultsThe prevalence of MIH was 12.1% (95% CI: 10‐15). An association was found between MIH and OHRQoL in the “oral symptoms” domain of the CPQ8‐10 (PR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.11, P < 0.001) after adjusting for other clinical variables and DSE.ConclusionMolar incisor hypomineralization was associated with a greater impact on OHRQoL in children's oral symptoms.
Bilateral maxillary augmentation using CAD/CAM manufactured allogenic bone blocks for restoration of congenitally missing teeth: A case report
Authors: Blume Oliver , Donkiewicz Phil , Back Michael , Born Teresa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveVarious biomaterials have been successfully applied in alveolar bone regeneration, however, the reconstruction of extensive osseous defects remains challenging and is often unfeasible with granular grafting materials. Several studies have outlined allogenic bone blocks as valid alternative to autologous block grafting.Clinical ConsiderationsIn this report, we demonstrate the regeneration of two large osseous defects in the maxilla with allogenic bone blocks made from human donor bone. The bone blocks were customized using the CAD/CAM technology in order to enable the insertion of four dental implants.ConclusionsBoth blocks perfectly matched the defect geometry, showed limited resorption, led to the formation of sufficient amounts of mineralized bone in both horizontal and vertical dimensions and enabled the installation of implants according to the treatment plan. The implementation of innovative technologies for individualization of allogenic bone blocks simplifies the restoration of complex and extensive osseous defects and poses great benefits for both practitioners and patients.Clinical SignificanceThe here presented procedure demonstrates the successful regeneration of two extensive osseous defects in a patient suffering from hypodontia using two CAD/CAM manufactured allogenic bone blocks, rendering the procedure far less invasive as compared to guided bone regeneration carried out with autologous transplants. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report that radiographically demonstrates the new formation of a cortical bone layer following block grafting with solely cancellous bone blocks.
Attitudes of Older Adults and Caregivers in Australia toward Deprescribing
Authors: Reeve Emily , Low Lee‐Fay , Hilmer Sarah N. 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESUse of harmful and/or unnecessary medications in older adults is common. Understanding older adult and caregiver attitudes toward deprescribing will contribute to medication optimization in practice. The aims of this study were to capture the attitudes and beliefs of older adults and caregivers toward deprescribing and determine what participant characteristics and/or attitudes (if any) predicted reported willingness to have a medication deprescribed.DESIGNSelf‐completed questionnaire.SETTINGAustralia.PARTICIPANTSOlder adults (n = 386), 65 years or older, taking one or more regular prescription medications and caregivers of older adults (n = 205) who could self‐complete a written questionnaire in English.MEASUREMENTSOlder adult and caregiver versions of the validated revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire were completed. The rPATD includes two global questions and four factors: perceived burden of medications, belief in appropriateness of medications, concerns about stopping, and involvement in medication management. Participant characteristics, self‐rated health, trust in physician, and health autonomy were also collected.RESULTSOlder adult participants had a median age of 74 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 70‐81 y), and caregivers were aged 67 years (IQR = 59‐76) and were caring for a person aged 81 years (IQR = 75‐86.25 y). Most of both older adults (88%) and caregivers (84%) agreed or strongly agreed that they would be willing to stop one or more of their or their care recipient's medications if their or their care recipient's doctor said it was possible. In a binary logistic regression model, a low concern about stopping factor score was the strongest predictor of willingness to have a medication deprescribed in older adults (odds ratio [OR] = 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.04‐0.34). Excellent/good rating of physical health was the strongest predictor in caregivers (OR = 3.71; 95% CI = 1.13‐12.23).CONCLUSIONSMost older adults and caregivers are willing to have one of their or their care recipient's medication deprescribed, although different predictors (characteristics/attitudes) of this willingness were identified in these two groups.