bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economy 4.0 – Digitalisation and Its Effect on Wage Inequality
Authors: Mönnig Anke , Maier Tobias , Zika Gerd 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper contributes to the discussion of the impact of digital transformation on labour markets by analysing the impact on wage inequality.
The novelty of this paper is on the one hand the quantitative approach that applies a macroeconometric input-output model which accounts for circular flow in the economy and feedback loops. Most of the studies on wage inequality and digital transformation focus on ex-post analysis. The applied quantitative model used in this paper also allows to perform ex-ante analysis. This is important, as economy 4.0 is not yet reflected in current datasets which makes statements about the impact of economy 4.0 on wage inequality on basis of ex-post analysis difficult.
On the other hand, it uses the inequality measures S80/S20 that has been applied to a unique dataset on employment and wages. The dataset differentiates on industry and occupational level. That allows to identify industry*occupation combination and their location in the upper and/or lower 20 % share ratio of wage distribution. The analysis demonstrates that digital transformation increases wage inequality, however to a low extent. The increase in wage inequality is already implemented in the reference scenario due to structural and demographic change. Digital transformation strengthens the impact of structural change on wage inequality. Especially in the long run, wage inequality rises stronger than in the reference scenario.
Because the digital transformation scenario does not confirm the polarization hypothesis, the impact of economy 4.0 on wage inequality remains rather low. The increasing demand of high-skilled employees is reflected in an increase in wage inequality. However, the relatively low impact of digitalisation on low-skilled employees prevents a stronger increase in wage inequality.
The Impact of Investments in New Digital Technologies on Wages – Worker-Level Evidence from Germany
Authors: Genz Sabrina , Janser Markus , Lehmer Florian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe strong rise of digitalization, automation, machine learning and other related new digital technologies has led to an intense debate about their societal impacts. The transitions of occupations and the effects on labor demand and workers’ wages are still open questions. Research projects dealing with this issue often face a lack of data on the usage of new digital technologies. This paper uses a novel linked employer–employee data set that contains detailed information on establishments’ technological upgrading between 2011 and 2016, a recent period of rapid technological progress. Furthermore, we are the first to develop a digital tools index based on the German expert database BERUFENET. The new index contains detailed information on the work equipment that is used by workers. Hence, we observe the degree of digitalization on both the establishment level and the worker level. The data allow us to investigate the impact of technology investments on the wage growth of employees within establishments. Overall, the results from individual level fixed effects estimates suggest that investments in new digital technologies at the establishment level positively affect the wages of the establishments’ workers. Sector-specific results show that investments in new digital technologies increase wages in knowledge intensive production establishments and non-knowledge intensive services. The wage growth effects of employees indigital pioneerestablishments relative to the specific reference group of workers indigital latecomerestablishments are most pronounced for low- and medium-skilled workers.
The Sources of Knowledge for China’s Economic Development
Authors: Xiqing Zhu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The lack of knowledge, both technological and institutional, has been and continues to be, China’s main constraint during its transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Using illustrative examples, this article identifies two main sources of knowledge. The Shenzhen model opens a platform to acquire knowledge from abroad; the Wenzhou model reveals mechanisms by which knowledge is created internally. The two models represent different ways of regional experimentation, a unique method for knowledge creation and diffusion during China’s economic transition.
Deposits of iron oxides in the humanglobus pallidus
Authors: Svobodová Helena , Hlinková Jana , Janega Pavol , Kosnáč Daniel , Filová Barbora , Miglierini Marcel , Dlháň Ľubor , Ehrlich Hermann , Valigura Dušan , Boča Roman , Polák Štefan , Nagy Štefan , Kopáni Martin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSamples taken from the human brain (Globus Pallidus) have been investigated by physical techniques such as light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. SEM-EDX/TEM investigation reveals multielemental composition of hematite and magnetite nanocrystals with sizes ranging from 40 nm to 100 nm and hematite microcrystals from 3 μm to 7 μm. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra show quadrupole doublets assigning to hematite and ferrihydrite. SQUID measurements of temperature dependence of the mass magnetic susceptibility betweenT= 2 – 300 K at DC fieldB0= 0.1 T, the field dependence of the mass magnetization taken at the fixed temperatureT0= 2.0 and 4.6 K and the zero-field cooled and field cooled magnetization experiments (ZFCM/FCM) confirm a presence of ferrimagnetic phases such as maghemite and/or magnetite with hysteresis loops surviving until the room temperature. Differences between these measurements from the point of view of iron oxides detected can indicate important processes in human brain and interactions between ferritin as a physiological source of iron and surrounding environment.
UV sensing optode for composite materials environment monitoring
Authors: Miluski P. , Kochanowicz M. , Zmojda J. , Silva A.P. , Reis P.N.B. , Ragin T. , Dorosz D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe polymeric optical fibre technology can be successfully used for UV spectrum range radiation measurements.Anew type of fluorescent optical fibre optode is presented. The used fluorescent wave-shifter was used for UV-VIS conversion and radiation measurements. The linear characteristic with sensitivity 480 mW−1is presented for UV range 7.2-13.6 mW. Presented optode construction advantages (small dimensions, low weight, high immunity to electromagnetic fields and distributed sensor architecture possibility) are attractive for numerous composite based engineering applications.
Hydrogen Chemisorption on Doubly Vanadium Doped Aluminum Clusters
Authors: Vanbuel Jan , Fernández Eva M , Jia Mei-ye , Ferrari Piero , Schöllkopf Wieland , Balbás Luis C , Nguyen Minh Tho , Fielicke André , Janssens Ewald 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The interaction of hydrogen with doubly vanadium doped aluminum clusters, Al
n
V2
+ (n = 1–12), is studied experimentally by time-of-flight mass spectrometry and infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy. The hydrogen binding geometry is inferred from comparison with infrared spectra predicted by density functional theory and shows that for the more reactive clusters the hydrogen adsorbs dissociatively. Three sizes, n = 4, 5 and 7, are remarkably unreactive compared to the other clusters. For larger sizes the reactivity decreases, a behavior that is similar to that of singly vanadium doped aluminum clusters, and that might be attributed to geometric and/or electronic shielding of the dopants. By examining the electronic structure of Al6V2
+ and Al7V2
+, interactions between the frontier orbitals of the clusters and those of H2 that explain the size-dependent reactivity are identified.
Fatigue Performance of Polyamide 12 Additively Manufactured Structures Designed with Topology Optimization
Authors: Henry Todd C. , Johnson Terrence E. , Haynes Robert A. , Tran Albert 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Additive manufacturing technologies can produce structures with complex geometry, generally as time goes on at higher levels of quality and repeatability. Complex geometry is attractive because it allows for mass redistribution to structural regions where stress is highest, which is comparatively advantageous to solid section designs. Additively manufactured structures, however, are sensitive to stress concentrations either from geometry or defects reducing the overall strength and fatigue performance. It is, therefore, important to address stress concentrations from a design perspective, formulating a process that ensures fatigue performance. A topology optimization process is presented for designing a beam subjected to three-point loading with objectives to reduce structural volume/mass while representing the expected fatigue life as a function of the stress. The design process produced structures with between 28 and 67 % of the original volume of material for a given volumetric constraint with material redistributed to reduce stress concentrations. Two designs were fabricated of polyamide 12 using selective laser sintering and tested mechanically to failure under quasistatic and cyclic fatigue loading. Experimentally, digital image correlation was used to observe the onset of failure and strain response in the structure, which showed that vertical members typically failed by buckling and material yielding. Load, displacement, cycles to failure, and heat generation were measured during fatigue loading, capturing significant viscoelastic self-heating and plasticity behavior in the vertical structural members.
Structure and Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Melted by the Laser Beam
Authors: Górka Jacek , Opiela Marek 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this article, examinations were presented of laser beam remelting of microalloyed high-strength low-alloy steel—28MnTiNbVB (UTS = 1,600 MPa), 12 mm thick. The remelting process was carried out with variable linear energy in the range from 0.6 to 2.6 kJ/cm. The examinations have shown that remelted zones have a correct geometry but also include gas pores that could be caused by very high cooling rates, resulting in the hindering of gas evacuation from remelted zones. These gas pores are caused by trapping gases dissolved in metal or vaporizing alloying elements. Remelted zone is martensitic with a lath structure and a hardness up to 600 HV10. Laths are smaller, and smaller precipitations are more tightly packed relative to parent material. The examination results show that steel 28MnTiNbVB exhibits limited weldability.
The Salvation Army, “Pentecostals” and “Evangelicals”
Authors: Weirich Johanna 
Published: June 2019

Scholarship usually studies The Salvation Army (SA) under the rubric “Evangelicalism.” In the southernmost region of India SA leaders and members are currently facing diverse challenges which induce them to reconsider their identity pursuing the topics of social commitment, caste and spirituality. This is carried out by approximation to or demarcation from growing “Pentecostal” movements. This process shows striking parallels to debates on the international level of the SA, where identity markers and core features are also continuously discussed. However, on global level this happens with a focus on “Evangelical” churches. The paper analyses how “Pentecostal” and “Evangelical” are used to constitute what the SA stands for in different contexts. Contrary to large part of scholarship, it does not treat these terms as if they had fixed meanings but regards them as identity markers. Using the example of current debates in the SA, it demonstrates that what is named as “Pentecostal” or “Evangelical” is are not fixed descriptors of essential characteristics but names that emerge in different local contexts tied into and constantly influenced and modified by global debates.
The Language Zone
Authors: Dostal Hannah , Wolbers Kimberly , Kilpatrick Jennifer 
Published: June 2019

Interactive Writing (IW) is a powerful support for language and literacy development; however, its emphasis on using oral language to construct written language can present challenges for deaf/Deaf and hard of hearing (d/Dhh) students due to their unique and diverse language experiences. Teachers (n = 14) using Strategic and Interactive Writing Instruction (SIWI) with grade 3–5 d/Dhh students in a variety of settings were observed using a space referred to as ‘the language zone’ to address the unique language and literacy needs of d/Dhh students. The language zone is the designated space in a classroom where the creation, translation and revision of ideas is made visible. Researchers developed a flowchart with three tiers to document the three purposes for which the teachers use the space. Accompanying scenarios provide concrete examples of three distinct ways in which the language zone can be used. Teachers can use this language zone flow chart as a tool to recognize, analyze and select instructional moves that have the potential to positively impact the language and literacy proficiencies of d/Dhh students. Acknowledgments: The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R324A120085 to the University of Tennessee. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.
Rekreatif Gruplara Üyelik: Motosiklet Grupları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ERTAŞ Mehmet , AKTAŞ Gürhan 
Published: June 2019

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İnsanlar yaşamları boyunca, aile, arkadaş ve benzeri grupların içinde olma gereksinimi duymaktadır. İnsanlar zorunlu olarak içinde oldukları bu grupların yanında serbest zamanlarını geçirdikleri ve gönüllü olarak katıldıkları rekreatif gruplara da üye olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kişilerin gönüllü olarak katıldıkları motosiklet gruplarına üyeliğin nedenlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda, çalışmanın birincil verileri aktif olarak motosiklet kullanan 27 kişi ile yüz yüze görüşmeler aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan olgu bilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. İçerik analizi sonucunda motosiklet gruplarına üyeliği etkileyen etmenlerin yedi ana kategoride toplandığı görülmüştür. Bu kategoriler; güvenlik, sosyalleşme, tecrübe kazanma, deneyim paylaşma, eşitlik, grubun gücü ve grup kurallarıdır. Sonuç olarak, motosiklet kullanıcıları seyahatlerinde kendilerini güvende hissetmek, grup içinde farklı insanlarla tanışmak, deneyimli kişilerden tecrübe kazanmak ve seyahatleri sırasında tek başlarına yaşayamayacakları deneyimleri grup ile birlikte yaşayabilmek için motosiklet gruplarına üye olmaktadır. Motosiklet grupları üzerine yapılan bu inceleme çalışmasının, bireylerin rekreatif gruplara katılımlarını etkileyen etmenlerin ortaya çıkarılmasını amaçlayarak, rekreatif gruplarda gönüllü grup üyeliği konusundaki gelecek çalışmalara örnek teşkil etmesi umulmaktadır.&nbsp;
Konaklama İşletmelerinde Finansal Performans Ölçütü Olarak Yatırılan Sermayenin Getirisi
Authors: KARADENİZ Erdinç , DALAK Selda , GÜNAY Fatih , BEYAZGÜL Mehmet 
Published: June 2019

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Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda finansal performansın analizinde önem kazanan yatırılan sermayenin getirisi (YSG) ölçütünü açıklamak ve payları Borsa İstanbul’da (BİST) işlem gören konaklama işletmeleri ile dünyada marka değeri en yüksek olan konaklama işletmelerinin YSG değerlerini hesaplayarak finansal performanslarını karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Bu amaçla BİST’te işlem gören 12 Türk konaklama işletmesinin ve Brand Finance 2017 sıralamasına göre dünyada marka değeri en yüksek ilk on konaklama işletmesinin, 2012-2016 yılları arasında YSG değerleri hesaplanarak işletmelerin beş yıllık finansal performansları karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, incelenen dönemlerde VSNFK, YS ve YSG değerleri itibariyle dünyada marka değeri en yüksek konaklama işletmelerinin, BİST konaklama işletmelerine göre daha başarılı bir performans gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde; Brand Finance sıralamasında yer alan konaklama işletmelerinde, en yüksek YSG değerinin 2014 yılında B1 işletmesinde 23,54 en düşük YSG değerinin ise 2015 yılında yine B1 işletmesinde -1,07 olarak gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. BİST işletmelerinde ise en yüksek YSG değerinin 2012 yılında A10 işletmesinde 3,02; en düşük YSG değerinin ise 2016 yılında A5 işletmesinde -1,06 olarak gerçekleştiği saptanmıştır.&nbsp;
Turizm Eğitimi Gören Öğrencilerin Kişilik Özelliklerinin Kültürel Zekâ Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: KEMENT Üzeyir , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Sinan , USLU Ahmet 
Published: June 2019

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Bu araştırmanın amacı, turizm eğitimi gören öğrencilerin kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ düzeylerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel yöntem kullanılmakla beraber veri toplama aracı olarak anket kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de turizm eğitimi gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Evrenin tamamına erişilmesinin mümkün olmaması sebebiyle kolayda örneklem metodu aracılığıyla örneklem alma yoluna gidilmiş ve araştırma kapsamında turizm eğitimi gören toplam 396 öğrenci ile görüşülerek anketler doldurulmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde turizm eğitimi gören öğrencilerin kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ düzeylerini olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kültürel zekâ alt boyutlarından biliş boyutunu, uyumluluk, motivasyon alt boyutunu dışa dönüklük ve davranış alt boyutunu ise öz disiplin ve dışa dönüklük alt boyutları olumlu yönde etkilediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Genel olarak yapılan inceleme sonucunda ise beş faktör kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ düzeyini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla turizm eğitimi gören öğrencilerin sahip olduğu kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ düzeylerini etkilediği ifade edilebilir.
Double antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention: individual efficacy and hemorrhagic safety of P2Y12 blockers of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in actual clinical practice
Authors: Korotaeva E. S. , Koroleva L. Yu. , Kovaleva G. V. , Kuzmenko E. A. , Nosov V. P. 
Published: June 2019

Aim. To study the comparative efficacy and safety of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in the “double” antiplatelet therapy (DATT) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the early and late periods in real clinical practice, and to assess adherence to treatment.Materials and methods. The study included 109 patients with ACS, who underwent PCI. Patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group (n=57) – received ticagrelor and the 2nd group (n = 52) – received clopidogrel in the DATT for 12 months. The frequency of ischemic events (death from cardiovascular causes, repeated myocardial infarction (MI) and stent thrombosis (ST)) and hemorrhagic events was analyzed during hospitalization, in 3 months, 6 months and in 12 months. Also, the reasons of repeated hospitalizations during the year were analyzed. The adherence of patients was assessed using the Moriski–Green scale.Results. There were no significant differences in the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups (8.8% vs. 11.5%, p=0.87) for the incidence of stent thrombosis (ST). In the correlation analysis, in half of all cases of subacute ST in the total sample (n=109) (in 4 (3.65%) cases from 8 (7.3%)), the main reason for its development was the lack of adherence of patients to DATT (τ=0,6; p<0,001). The frequency of minor bleeding significantly prevailed in the ticagrelor group versus the clopidogrel group (38.6% vs. 21.2%, p=0.047). No significant difference in the rates of major bleeding was found between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups (1.8% and 1.9%, p=0.52). However, the difference in the rates of fatal bleeding, including more instances of fatal intracranial bleeding (1.8% vs. 0%; p=0,34), allows us to talk about the best hemorrhagic safety of clopidogrel.Conclusion. In this study, ticagrelor and clopidogrel were comparable in their effectiveness. Ischemic events and repeated hospitalizations in both groups are associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, confirmed by angiography; the development of stent restenosis, as well as low adherence, which is the main predictor of subacute TS. In addition, clopidogrel versus ticagrelor showed better hemorrhagic safety in the frequency of development of minor bleeding.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO DETERMINE THE ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE OF THE STRATEGIC POTENTIAL OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Doschanova A.I. , Mishulina O.V. , Baranova N.A. , Dambaulova G.K. , Gorelova N.S. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of study: The aim of the study is to systematize theoretical approaches to the consideration of the nature and structure of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex, since its effective management has a huge impact on the achievement of the organization’s strategic goals of its development and the competitiveness of the organization as a whole.
Methodology: The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the works of foreign and domestic economic scientists, who present approaches to the study of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex. General scientific methods, such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, detailing and generalization, comparison, formalization, analogy, historical, logical and systematic approaches, were used as research tools in the present work.
Main Findings: The feasibility of applying an effective target approach to determine the essence of the organization’s strategic potential has been determined. The definition of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex is formulated and its characteristics are determined. The necessity of using the resource-functional approach to determine the structure of the organization’s strategic potential has been proved.
Applications of this study: The main provisions of the scientific article are the basis for solving practical problems of improving the management of the strategic potential of the organization of the agricultural and industrial complex and can be used directly by the head in making strategic management decisions that provide economically justified development of the organization in the future.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the theoretical provisions on the essence and structure of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex, aimed at solving the problems of improving strategic management in the agro-industrial complex to improve its efficiency and competitiveness.