bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel U‐shaped relationship between BMI and risk of generalized aggressive periodontitis in Chinese: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Wenjing , Shi Dong , Song Wenli , Xu Li , Zhang Li , Feng Xianghui , Lu Ruifang , Wang Xiane , Meng Huanxin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAssociation between BMI and periodontitis were controversial. A study indicated that not only overweight or obesity but also underweight was correlated with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). However, the exact relationship between BMI and GAgP and the optimal BMI value for the lowest risk of GAgP remain unknown.ObjectiveTo explore the exact relationship between BMI and GAgP risk, periodontal status and WBC (white blood cell) count and find the optimal BMI value associated with the lowest risk, periodontal status and lowest WBC of GAgP in Chinese.Methods300 GAgP patients and 133 healthy controls were recruited. Height and weight of participants were accurately measured to calculate BMI value. Clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), and bleeding index (BI) were recorded. WBC was obtained from routine blood examination. Smooth curve fitting and segmented regression model were used to analyze the threshold effect between BMI and variables. The shape of the curve was used to describe the relationships between BMI and GAgP.ResultsU‐shaped relationships between BMI and risk of GAgP, AL, and WBC count in GAgP patients were observed. The optimal value of BMI for the lowest risk of GAgP and lowest WBC count was 22 kg/m2. The risk of GAgP increased by 39% in patients per unit increase of BMI when BMI ranged from 22 to 28 kg/m2(adjusted OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.67) and increased by 18% per unit decrease of BMI when BMI ranged from 22 to 18 kg/m2(adjusted OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.97). The count of WBC increased by 1.12 × 109/L in patients per unit increase of BMI when BMI ranged from 22 to 28 kg/m2(adjusted β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.23) and increased by 0.2 × 109/L per unit decrease of BMI when BMI ranged from 22 to18 kg/m2(adjusted β = −0.2, 95% CI: −0.35, −0.04).ConclusionU‐shaped relationships exist between BMI and risk of GAgP, AL, and WBC count in patients with GAgP among Chinese aged below 36 years old with their BMI range from 18 to 28 kg/m2; the optimal BMI value for lowest odds ratio and lowest WBC count of GAgP was 22 kg/m2.
Geographic Variation in the Reproductive Ecology of the Panamic Grunt in the Southeastern Gulf of California
Authors: Lara Mendoza Raúl E. , Amezcua Felipe 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Biological parameters pertaining to the reproductive ecology of the Panamic Grunt Pomadasys panamensis were investigated in 788 individuals sampled from the southeastern Gulf of California between November 2009 and October 2010. Length frequency distributions and mean TLs differed between sampling areas, with organisms from the coastal population exhibiting two clear modes that included most of the organisms (mostly adults; mean TL = 25.7 cm), while the open sea population appeared to consist of several cohorts (mean TL = 19.5 cm). Significant differences were recorded in spawning activity, gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad weight, and size at maturity between fish from the coastal area and specimens from the open sea. The highest gonad weights and GSI values were recorded in the coastal zone during spring, coinciding with a peak in the number of mature females. In the open sea, the mature individuals were reproductively inactive throughout most of the yearlong study period, as individuals in late maturity stages represented a small portion of the sample. Female TL at 50% maturity (i.e., L50) was significantly lower in the coastal zone than in the open sea. The results suggest a differential use of available habitats by Panamic Grunts and highlight a need to consider temporal and geographic differences in reproductive ecology when formulating an adequate management program for this species.
Assessing Variability in Juvenile Brown Shrimp Growth Rates in Small Marsh Ponds: An Exercise in Model Evaluation and Improvement
Authors: Leo Jennifer P. , Minello Thomas J. , Grant William E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus support a commercially important fishery in the northern Gulf of Mexico, and the juvenile shrimp use coastal estuaries as nurseries. Production of young shrimp from these nurseries, and hence commercial harvest of adults from the Gulf, is highly variable from year to year. Our recently published, individual based model attempted to explain this variability as a function of habitat and the environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, and access to intertidal marsh habitat. We conducted a mark–recapture field study between April 12 and June 9, 2011, to provide growth rate data for model testing, as well as to further examine factors that affect growth, including available food biomass. Brown shrimp growth rates were measured in three polyhaline marsh ponds over periods of 2 to 4 weeks. We recorded hourly temperature and flooding data and measured biomass of infaunal food organisms. We parameterized our production model with input from 2011 to compare modeled output with observed data. Mean growth rate estimates from the model were similar to the estimated mean growth rate observed in the field (1.13 mm/d and 1.06 mm/d, respectively); however, field growth rates differed significantly among three marsh ponds (1.02, 1.03, and 1.26 mm/d). Data on infaunal biomass suggest that spatial and temporal variability in available food organisms is related to differences in shrimp growth, and the inclusion of such information may enhance the model.
Detection of Plasma Curcuminoids from Dietary Intake of Turmeric‐Containing Food in Human Volunteers
Authors: Mahale Jagdish , Singh Rajinder , Howells Lynne M. , Britton Robert G. , Khan Sameena M. , Brown Karen 
Published: June 2018

ScopeCurcumin (from turmeric), has been extensively investigated for potential beneficial properties in numerous diseases. Most work has focused on supra‐dietary concentrations/doses that would necessitate curcumin supplementation. However, much evidence instigating curcumin research is underpinned by epidemiological data based on low dietary intake via turmeric consumption.Methods and resultsHere, a novel, highly sensitive liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method for detection of curcuminoids is described. Assay sensitivity is demonstrated in a pilot pharmacokinetic volunteer study following ingestion of foodstuffs containing a standardized mass of turmeric, representative of daily consumption by certain South Asian populations. Free parent curcumin was detectable in plasma from one individual, reaching maximal plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 3.2 nm. Curcumin conjugates were detected in all volunteers; Cmax for curcumin glucuronide is 47.6 ± 28.5 nm 30 min post‐food, while Cmax for demethoxycurcumin glucuronide and curcumin sulfate is ≈2 nm. Curcumin and its major metabolites persist in plasma for at least 8 h.ConclusionDespite poor absorption and rapid conjugation, dietary intake of standard culinary turmeric within complex food matrices furnished human plasma with detectable levels of curcuminoids. Whether sustained low systemic concentrations of these non‐nutritive, biologically active, dietary components may have pharmacological activity for human health benefit, warrants further research.
Urine flow rate curve shapes and their descriptors
Authors: Li Rui , Zhu Quan , Nibouche Mokhtar , Gammie Andrew 
Published: June 2018

AimsTo review the descriptors and definitions of urine flow rate curve shape with a view to promoting greater clarity and to propose standard termsMethodsA search was made in the PubMed and ICS standardization documents on urine flow rate curve shape.ResultsThe flow shape descriptors and their definitions are summarized and presented. “Normal” was widely used for describing a bell‐shaped flow curve, and “plateau” was mostly used where the ICS describe “constrictive” flow shape. The use of shape descriptors “fluctuating,” “compressive,” “tower‐shaped,” and “intermittent” varied in the literature.ConclusionThis survey provides an overview of flow shape descriptors and their definitions. We suggest it is clearer to use only descriptors that describe shape alone, that is, normal, fluctuating, intermittent, and plateau, with comments on symmetry and Qmax.
Outcome of landmark‐guided percutaneously inserted tunneled central venous catheters in infants and children under 3 years with cancer
Authors: Martynov Illya , Raedecke Jochen , Klima‐Frysch Jessica , Kluwe Wolfram , Schoenberger Joachim 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of information on procedural and long‐term outcomes of tunneled central venous catheters (TCVC) in infants and children younger than 3 years undergoing anticancer therapy. This study aims to evaluate the success, safety, and complications leading to surgical revision or premature removal of TCVC in this particular patient group.MethodsThe clinical course of pediatric patients with percutaneous inserted TCVC, including Groshong (GC) and Hickman/Broviac (HB) catheters, has been analyzed retrospectively. The data analysis includes patient and device characteristics, adverse events during insertion, and dwell period complications.ResultsA consecutive series of 238 children undergoing implantation of 273 TCVC, including 148 (54.2%) GC and 125 (45.8%) HB catheters, with a total of 38,209 catheter days at risk (cdr) were reviewed. The patient cohort consisted of 65 (23.8%) infants, 77 (28.2%) children aged 1–2 years, and 131 (48.0%) aged 2–3 years. The overall rate of adverse events during catheter insertion was 12.8% (n = 35) with no differences between age groups or devices. The overall rate of long‐term complication was 28.2% (n = 77, catheter risk [CR] per 1,000 cdr = 1.75), with the highest prevalence in infants (P = 0.01). The most common complication was late dislocation (n = 24, 8.8%, CR = 0.47), followed by early dislocation (n = 20, 7.3%) and infection (n = 18, 7.4%, CR = 0.42).ConclusionPercutaneous landmark‐guided insertion of TCVC in neonates and small children with cancer is safe. Patterns of long‐term complications are different from those for older children and should be prevented through appropriate management.
Comparing osteonecrosis clinical phenotype, timing, and risk factors in children and young adults treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Mogensen Signe Sloth , Harila‐Saari Arja , Mäkitie Outi , Myrberg Ida Hed , Niinimäki Riitta , Vestli Anne , Hafsteinsdottir Solveig , Griškevicius Laimonas , Saks Kadri , Hallböök Helene , Retpen Jens , Helt Louise Rold , Toft Nina , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Frandsen Thomas Leth ,   Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) group
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundTreatment‐related osteonecrosis (ON) is a serious complication of treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ProcedureThis study included 1,489 patients with ALL, aged 1–45 years, treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol, using alternate‐week dexamethasone during delayed intensification, with prospective registration of symptomatic ON. We aimed at comparing risk factors, timing, and clinical characteristics of ON in children and young adults.ResultsON was diagnosed in 67 patients, yielding a 5‐year cumulative incidence of 6.3%, but 28% in female adolescents. Median age at ALL diagnosis was 12.1 years and 14.9 years for females and males, respectively. At ON diagnosis, 59 patients had bone pain (91%) and 30 (46%) had multiple‐joint involvement. The median interval between ALL and ON diagnosis was significantly shorter in children aged 1.0–9.9 years (0.7 years [range: 0.2–2.1]) compared with adolescents (1.8 years [range: 0.3–3.7, P < 0.001]) and adults (2.1 years [range: 0.4–5.3, P = 0.001]). Female sex was a risk factor in adolescent patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–4.2) but not in children aged 1.1–9.9 years (HR = 2.4, 95% CI: 0.9–6.2, P = 0.08) or adults aged 19–45 years (HR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.3–4.0). Age above 10 years at ALL diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.7, P = 0.026) and multiple joints affected at ON diagnosis (OR = 3.4, P = 0.027) were risk factors for developing severe ON.ConclusionWe provide a detailed phenotype of patients with ALL with symptomatic ON, including description of risk factors and timing of ON across age groups. This awareness is essential in exploring measures to prevent development of ON.
Light exposure via a head‐mounted device suppresses melatonin and improves vigilant attention without affecting cortisol and comfort
Authors: Schmidt Christina , Xhrouet Marine , Hamacher Manon , Delloye Eric , LeGoff Caroline , Cavalier Etienne , Collette Fabienne , Vandewalle Gilles 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe aimed at assessing whether a head‐mounted light therapy device, enriched in blue wavelengths, suppresses melatonin secretion and improves vigilant attention in the late evening hours. We also assessed whether using such light device is associated with discomfort and physiological stress. Seventeen healthy young participants (eight females) participated in a counterbalanced within‐subject design during which they were exposed for 2 hr before habitual sleep time to a blue‐enriched light (1500 lx) or to a lower intensity red‐light (150 lx) control condition, using a new‐generation light emitting diode (LED) head‐mounted device. Compared to the red light control condition, blue‐enriched light significantly reduced melatonin secretion and reaction times during a psychomotor vigilance task while no significant differences were detected in discomfort and cortisol levels. These results suggest that, compared to a control condition, blue‐enriched light, delivered by a new‐generation head‐mounted device, elicits typical non‐visual responses to light without detectable discomfort and physiological stress. They suggest that such devices might constitute an effective alternative to standard light boxes.
Relationship of demoralization with anxiety, depression, and quality of life: A Southern European study of Italian and Portuguese cancer patients
Authors: Nanni Maria Giulia , Caruso Rosangela , Travado Luzia , Ventura Cidalia , Palma Alessandra , Berardi Alejandra M. , Meggiolaro Elena , Ruffilli Federica , Martins Cristina , Kissane David , Grassi Luigi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundDemoralization syndrome is a significant condition that has not been greatly studied in Southern European countries.AimsTo extend the knowledge of demoralization in Southern Europe by examining its prevalence according to different methods of assessment, its relationship with anxiety and depression, and its impact on quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients.MethodsA convenience sample of 195 cancer outpatients from two oncology centers (102 from Lisbon, Portugal, and 93 from Ferrara, Italy) participated in an observational, cross‐sectional study using the Diagnostic Criteria of Psychosomatic Research‐Demoralization interview (DCPR/D) and psychometric tools (Demoralization scale‐DS; Patient Health Questionnaire–9/PHQ‐9; Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale‐HADS; and European Quality of Life‐5‐EQ‐5D).ResultsA 25.1% prevalence (CI 95%, 0.19‐0.31) of clinically relevant demoralization was reported on the DCPR/D interview. A total demoralization score cutoff score ≥ 25 maximized sensitivity (81.6%), and specificity (72.6%) in identifying DCPR/D demoralized patients. The DCPR/D and DS were associated with poorer levels of QoL. About half of the patients who were demoralized were not clinically depressed (PHQ‐9). Self‐reported suicidal ideation (PHQ‐9 item 9) was found in a minority of patients (8.2%), most of whom (77%) were cases of depression (PHQ‐9), but one‐quarter (23%) were not depressed, yet moderately/severely demoralized (DCPR/D and DS).ConclusionsThis Southern European study confirms the importance of demoralization in cancer patients as a different condition with respect to depression and its relationship with poor QoL and suicidal ideation.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in children: Data from the French RespiRare® cohort
Authors: Fina Agnès , Dubus Jean‐Christophe , Tran Antoine , Derelle Jocelyne , Reix Philippe , Fayon Michael , Couderc Laure , Donnou Marie‐Dominique , Pagnier Anne , Blanchon Sylvain , Faure Nathalie , Mely Laurent , Albertini Marc , de Blic Jacques , Giovannini‐Chami Lisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the characteristics of pediatric cases of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), a systemic necrotizing vasculitis rarely diagnosed in children, retrieved from the French Reference Center for rare pediatric lung diseases and compared with adult cases included in the French Vasculitis Study Group cohort.MethodsWe collected information on pediatric EGPA disease presentation, management, and outcome. Cases met the Lanham criteria and/or American College of Rheumatology classification criteria.ResultsFourteen cases of pediatric EGPA were included, from 1980 to 2012, with a median follow‐up of 58.5 months. Median age at diagnosis was 12.3 years. All cases had respiratory involvement. The organ systems most frequently involved were the upper airway (85%), skin (71%), digestive tract (64%), and heart (57%). Neurological and renal involvement were rare. Four of the fourteen children were positive for ANCA (30.7%). During follow‐up, three children required intensive care and one child died. The relapse rate was 64%. In comparison with an adult cohort, we found more ENT, heart, and digestive‐tract involvement, and fewer neurological manifestations. In children, the delay between asthma onset and diagnosis was shorter, and biopsies showed fewer features of vasculitis.ConclusionThis French cohort is the biggest pediatric EGPA series described to date, with a long follow‐up period. The findings confirm that pediatric EGPA has specific clinical, radiological, and histological characteristics that differ from adult EGPA. Development of systemic symptoms, and consequently diagnosis, occur with a shorter delay in children, mainly during the eosinophilic phase and leading to a specific presentation.
The efficacy of vaginal suppository based on myrtle in patients with cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo trial
Authors: Nikakhtar Zahra , Hasanzadeh Malihe , Hamedi Shokouh Sadat , Najafi Mona Najaf , Tavassoli Amir Parviz , Feyzabadi Zohre , Meshkat Zahra , Saki Azadeh 
Published: June 2018

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can be detected in most of cervical cancers. Due to antiviral, antimutagenic, and proapoptotic activities of myrtle, this study was designed to investigate the effect of a herbal suppository based on myrtle in cervicovaginal HPV infections. This study was performed as a double‐blind randomized trial at the Clinic of Traditional Medicine in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences between 2016 and 2017. Sixty women, 18 to 50 years old, with cervicovaginal HPV infection, were included and randomly allocated to two groups. Sixty placebo or herbal vaginal suppositories were prescribed for 3 months (20 suppositories at each menstrual cycle). Each herbal vaginal suppository contained 10% of myrtle aqueous extract and 0.5% of myrtle essential oil. The HPV test and colposcopic findings were evaluated after treatment. There was no difference between two groups as regards lesion site, diagnosis time of disease, and HPV type before intervention (p ≥ 0.05). At the end of the study, the HPV test was negative in 92.6% and 62.6% of the intervention and placebo groups, respectively (p = 0.036). The change in cervical lesion size was 71.4% and 30.4% in the intervention and placebo groups, respectively, based on colposcopic findings (p = 0.015). It seems that herbal suppository can speed up virus clearance and can be effective in treating HPV infection.
Continuous‐Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Gaussian Modulation—The Theory of Practical Implementations
Authors: Laudenbach Fabian , Pacher Christoph , Fung Chi‐Hang Fred , Poppe Andreas , Peev Momtchil , Schrenk Bernhard , Hentschel Michael , Walther Philip , Hübel Hannes 
Published: June 2018

AbstractQuantum key distribution (QKD) using weak coherent states and homodyne detection is a promising candidate for practical quantum‐cryptographic implementations due to its compatibility with existing telecom equipment and high detection efficiencies. However, despite the actual simplicity of the protocol, the security analysis of this method is rather involved compared to discrete‐variable QKD. This article reviews the theoretical foundations of continuous‐variable quantum key distribution (CV‐QKD) with Gaussian modulation and rederives the essential relations from scratch in a pedagogical way. The aim of this paper is to be as comprehensive and self‐contained as possible in order to be well intelligible even for readers with little pre‐knowledge on the subject. Although the present article is a theoretical discussion of CV‐QKD, its focus lies on practical implementations, taking into account various kinds of hardware imperfections and suggesting practical methods to perform the security analysis subsequent to the key exchange. Apart from a review of well‐known results, this manuscript presents a set of new original noise models which are helpful to get an estimate of how well a given set of hardware will perform in practice.
Gas‐phase stability of sandwich complexes of crown ethers with metal cations – as studied by collision‐induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Frański Rafał 
Published: June 2018

RationaleThe gas‐phase stabilities of the sandwich complexes formed by 12‐crown‐4 or 15‐crown‐5 with metal cations (Na+, K+, Rb+, Tl+, Ag+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+) are compared with the stability of the sandwich complexes formed by benzo‐12‐crown‐4 or benzo‐15‐crown‐5 with the cations. It is interesting to check if the possible cation–π interactions increase the gas‐phase stabilities of the sandwich complexes of benzo‐crown ethers with metal cations.MethodsThe sandwich complexes were generated in the gas phase by electrospray ionization (ESI) and then they were subjected to collision‐induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID‐MS/MS) experiments. On the basis of the obtained product ion spectra, the respective breakdown plots of the ion abundances ratios against collision energy expressed in the terms of center‐of‐mass were made.ResultsThe gas‐phase stabilities of [(B12C4)2 + Tl]+, [(B15C5)2 + SrNO3]+, [(B15C5)2 + PbNO3]+ and [(B15C5)2 + SrCl]+ were higher than those of [(12C4)2 + Tl]+, [(15C5)2 + SrNO3]+, [(15C5)2 + PbNO3]+ and [(15C5)2 + SrCl]+, respectively. For the other sandwich complexes the stabilities of the complexes with benzo‐crown ethers were not higher than those of the complexes with simple crown ethers.ConclusionsIt is reasonable to assume that the cation–π interaction increases the stability of the sandwich complex of B12C4 with Tl+ and the stabilities of sandwich complexes of B15C5 with Sr2+ and Pb2+.