bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of QUiPP prediction algorithm on treatment decisions in women with a previous preterm birth: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Goodfellow L , Care A , Sharp A , Ivandic J , Poljak B , Roberts D , Alfirevic Z 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThe QUiPP algorithm combines cervical length, quantitative fetal fibronectin (qfFN) and medical history to quantify risk of preterm birth. We assessed the utility of QUiPP to inform preterm birth prevention treatment decisions.DesignA prospective cohort study with a subsequent impact assessment using the QUiPP risk of birth before 34 weeks’ gestation.SettingA UK tertiary referral hospital.SampleIn all, 119 women with previous spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 34 weeks’ gestation.MethodsCervical length and qfFN were measured at 19+0 to 23+0 weeks’ gestation. Clinical management was based on history and cervical length. After birth, clinicians were unblinded to qfFN results and QUiPP analysis was undertaken.Main outcome measuresPredictive statistics of QUiPP algorithm using 10% risk of sPTB before 34+0 weeks as treatment threshold.ResultsFifteen of 119 women (13%) had PPROM or sPTB before 34 weeks. Of these, 53% (8/15) had QUiPP risk of sPTB before 34+0 weeks above 10%. Applying this treatment threshold in practice would have doubled our treatment rate (20 versus 42%). QUIPP threshold of 10% had positive likelihood ratio (LR) of 1.3 (95% CI 0.76–2.18), and negative LR of 0.8 (95% CI 0.45–1.40) for predicting sPTB before 34+0 weeks.ConclusionsUse of the QUiPP algorithm in this population may lead to substantial increase in interventions without evidence that currently available treatment options are beneficial for this particular group.Tweetable abstractIndependent study finds that the QUiPP algorithm could lead to substantial increases in treatment without evidence of benefit.
Chemistry and Biological Activities of Processed Camellia sinensis Teas: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zhang Liang , Ho Chi‐Tang , Zhou Jie , Santos Jânio Sousa , Armstrong Lorene , Granato Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTea is a typical processed beverage from the fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] or Camellia assamica [Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Mast.) Kitamura] through different manufacturing techniques. The secondary metabolites of fresh tea leaves are mainly flavan‐3‐ols, phenolic acids, purine alkaloids, condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, saponins, flavonols, and their glycoside forms. During the processing, tea leaves go through several steps, such as withering, rolling, fermentation, postfermentation, and roasting (drying) to produce different types of tea. After processing, theaflavins, thearubigins, and flavan‐3‐ols derivatives emerge as the newly formed compounds with a corresponding decrease in concentrations of catechins. Each type of tea has its own critical process and presents unique chemical composition and flavor. The components among different teas also cause significant changes in their biological activities both in vitro and in vivo. In the present review, the progress of tea chemistry and the effects of individual unit operation on components were comprehensively described. The health benefits of tea were also reviewed based on the human epidemiological and clinical studies. Although there have been multiple studies about the tea chemistry and biological activities, most of existing results are related to tea polyphenols, especially (‐)‐epigallocatechin gallate. Other compounds, including the novel compounds, as well as isomers of amino acids and catechins, have not been explored in depth.
Evaluation of Some Ingredients and Energy Content on Front‐of‐Pack Cereal Bar Labeling as Drivers of Choice and Perception of Healthiness: A Case Study with Exercisers
Authors: Salazar Natalia A. , Fiszman Susana , Orrego Carlos E. , Tarrega Amparo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to explore the drivers of choice and perceptions of healthiness that specific ingredient or energy content information displayed on the front‐of‐pack label of cereal bars triggers among different groups of consumers. The participants (18 to 50 years old), classified as exercisers (n = 103, 52 women) or nonexercisers (n = 101, 51 women), completed a questionnaire and then rated their interest using images of cereal bars that varied in four characteristics (“With fruit,” “With chocolate,” “High protein,” and calorie content). Conjoint analysis showed that the most important motives were associated with the convenience, pleasure/indulgence and liking dimensions, which did not differ between groups. These were followed by two other motives introduced in this study: energy/physical activity and satiety, in which the exercisers showed a distinctively higher level of interest than the nonexercisers. Chocolate and a low calorie content were the outstanding drivers of interest, at similar levels for both groups. A high protein content claim increased the interest of all participants, but more so for exercisers and for men. Fruit had a low impact on interest, which was only significant for women. These results indicate that front‐of‐pack label information influences choice in a distinctive way for some targeted population groups.Practical ApplicationThis study contributes knowledge about the impact that front‐of‐pack label information about certain ingredients and the energy content has on the motives and drivers for snack choices and perceptions of healthiness. The results contribute interesting results on the behavior of some consumer segments, in particular, exercisers and people involved in fitness activities, who are supposed to have special dietary needs.
Multi‐individual microsatellite identification: A multiple genome approach to microsatellite design (MiMi)
Authors: Fox Graeme , Preziosi Richard F. , Antwis Rachael E. , Benavides‐Serrato Milena , Combe Fraser J. , Harris W. Edwin , Hartley Ian R. , Kitchener Andrew C. , de Kort Selvino R. , Nekaris Anne‐Isola , Rowntree Jennifer K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBespoke microsatellite marker panels are increasingly affordable and tractable to researchers and conservationists. The rate of microsatellite discovery is very high within a shotgun genomic data set, but extensive laboratory testing of markers is required for confirmation of amplification and polymorphism. By incorporating shotgun next‐generation sequencing data sets from multiple individuals of the same species, we have developed a new method for the optimal design of microsatellite markers. This new tool allows us to increase the rate at which suitable candidate markers are selected by 58% in direct comparisons and facilitate an estimated 16% reduction in costs associated with producing a novel microsatellite panel. Our method enables the visualisation of each microsatellite locus in a multiple sequence alignment allowing several important quality checks to be made. Polymorphic loci can be identified and prioritised. Loci containing fragment‐length‐altering mutations in the flanking regions, which may invalidate assumptions regarding the model of evolution underlying variation at the microsatellite, can be avoided. Priming regions containing point mutations can be detected and avoided, helping to reduce sample‐site‐marker specificity arising from genetic isolation, and the likelihood of null alleles occurring. We demonstrate the utility of this new approach in two species: an echinoderm and a bird. Our method makes a valuable contribution towards minimising genotyping errors and reducing costs associated with developing a novel marker panel. The Python script to perform our method of multi‐individual microsatellite identification (MiMi) is freely available from GitHub (https://github.com/graemefox/mimi).
Simultaneous Concept Analysis of Diagnoses Related to Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Neves da Costa Juliana , de Oliveira Lopes Marcos Venicios , Baena de Moraes Lopes Maria Helena 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSETo elucidate six diagnostic concepts related to urinary incontinence (UI).METHODSEight out of nine steps of the simultaneous concept analysis (SCA) method were used to elucidate six diagnostic concepts related to UI proposed by NANDA International.FINDINGSIndividual concepts of each diagnosis were elucidated, including antecedents, outcomes, associated conditions, and risk populations, and the interrelations among these concepts were identified, comparing them to those already present in the current NANDA‐I taxonomy. The overflow UI was excluded, and were included mixed and transient UI diagnoses.CONCLUSIONSSCA enabled identifying similar characteristics and factors exclusive to the revised nursing diagnoses.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICETo support for clinical reasoning to identify properly the types of UI.OBJETIVOElucidar seis conceitos diagnósticos relacionados à incontinência urinária.MÉTODOSOito das nove etapas do método de análise simultânea de conceitos foram utilizadas para elucidar seis conceitos diagnósticos relacionados à incontinência urinária propostos pela NANDA International.RESULTADOSConceitos individuais de cada diagnóstico foram elucidados, incluindo antecedentes, consequentes, condições associadas e populações em risco, e as inter‐relações entre esses conceitos foram identificadas, comparando‐as com aquelas já presentes na atual taxonomia da NANDA‐I. A incontinência urinária por transbordamento foi excluída e foram incluídos os diagnósticos de incontinência urinária mista e incontinência urinária transitória.CONCLUSÕESA análise simultânea de conceitos permitiu identificar características e fatores semelhantes exclusivos aos diagnósticos de enfermagem revisados.IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEMApoiar o raciocínio clínico para identificar adequadamente os tipos de incontinência urinária.
Assessment of signal quality measured with a smart 12‐lead ECG acquisition T‐shirt
Authors: Fouassier David , Roy Xavier , Blanchard Anne , Hulot Jean‐Sébastien 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAmbulatory ECG monitoring is typically achieved using portable devices with limited number of surface leads, autonomy, and length of recording. Smart garments with multiple conductive textile electrodes provide great promise to perform continuous and comfortable ECG monitoring.MethodsWe evaluated the ECG signal quality measured on healthy subjects with a smart 12‐lead ECG acquisition T‐shirt or a 12‐lead Holter recording. ECG signals were recorded during 3 min with both techniques in three resting positions (supine, seated, standing) and while walking. Three readers independently assessed ECG patterns and evaluated the denoising of the isoelectric line, the distinction of p waves, R peaks and RR intervals, and the possible appreciation of cardiac rhythm in at least 3 leads.ResultsThirty healthy subjects (70% males, 29.5 ± 7.8 years) were enrolled in the study. For all three resting conditions, cardiac rhythm was appreciated in 100% of recordings with distinction of p waves, R peaks, and isoelectric line in >97% of recordings. Appreciation of cardiac rhythm was lower in the walking conditions with both techniques (53.3% vs. 46.7%, Holter vs. smart T‐shirt, p = .60) mainly due to difficulties to distinguish p waves. These results were consistent across both genders. All ECG parameters (heart rate, PR, QRS and QTC intervals) were comparable between both techniques. No skin irritation was seen with the textile electrodes.ConclusionsA smart T‐shirt with 13 textiles electrodes allows short‐duration 12‐lead ECG acquisition with quality levels comparable to Holter recordings. The novel device should now be evaluated for long‐term non‐invasive ECG monitoring.
Radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis and its relationship to outcome post total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Youlden Daniel J. , Dannaway Jasan , Enke Oliver 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundUp to 20% of patients are dissatisfied after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There are many contributing factors. The relationship between preoperative osteoarthritis (OA) severity and outcome post TKA remains unclear. This review explores the relationship between preoperative OA severity with patient reported pain, function and satisfaction post TKA.MethodsA pre‐registered systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Major databases were searched until September 2017. We included studies assessing adults undergoing TKA for OA. Minimum follow‐up was 6 months. Methodological quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale.ResultsTwenty cohort studies with 7478 patients were included. There were 16 good, one fair and three poor quality studies. Knee OA was most commonly reported according to the Kellgren and Lawrence tool. Ten studies showed statistically significant pain outcomes for those with worse preoperative OA. This was supported by meta‐analysis of the Knee Society Score pain change scores to final follow‐up for those with Kellgren and Lawrence grade 4 OA. Six studies showed statistically significant results for various aspect of functional recovery, although meta‐analysis of Knee Society Score function change scores identified no difference. Meta‐analysis of final follow‐up pain and function scores alone yielded no significant difference. Patients with more severe preoperative OA were more likely to be satisfied. There were no studies demonstrating that less severe OA resulted in better pain, function or satisfaction.ConclusionReview of available research indicates that TKA for OA improves pain, function and satisfaction. Those with more severe preoperative radiological knee OA benefit most.
The Indirect Effect of Holistic Career Values on Work Engagement: A Longitudinal Study Spanning Two Decades
Authors: Eldor Liat , Westring Alyssa Friede , Friedman Stewart D. 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundIn contrast to earlier assumptions that the “ideal worker” should embrace traditional notions of career success, there is growing recognition that possessing holistic career values may be beneficial in the work domain as well. However, there is little empirical evidence to support this argument. We hypothesised that individuals who at the time of their university graduation possessed holistic career values would display stronger personal life satisfaction 20 years later, which in turn would enhance their work engagement (i.e. an individual's perceptions of the extent to which the work environment possesses engaging characteristics).MethodsData from a longitudinal study of 158 university students who completed two questionnaires, one in 1992 and the other 20 years later, supported our hypotheses.ResultsWe found that individuals who possessed holistic career values displayed stronger personal life satisfaction 20 years later, which in turn enhanced their work engagement. We further found that this indirect effect of holistic career values on work engagement (through personal life satisfaction) is conditionally moderated by work–family interference.ConclusionsCultivating a holistic career perspective among employees is beneficial for both employee well‐being (i.e. personal life satisfaction) and the flourishing of their organisations (i.e. work engagement).
Genotype/phenotype correlations of childhood‐onset congenital sideroblastic anaemia in a European cohort
Authors: Fouquet Cyrielle , Le Rouzic Marie‐Amelyne , Leblanc Thierry , Fouyssac Fanny , Leverger Guy , Hessissen Laila , Marlin Sandrine , Bourrat Emmanuelle , Fahd Mony , Raffoux Emmanuel , Vannier Jean‐Pierre , Jäkel Nadja , Knoefler Ralf , Triolo Valerie , Pasquet Marlene , Bayart Sophie , Thuret Isabelle , Lutz Patrick , Vermylen Christiane , Touati Mohamed , Rose Christian , Matthes Thomas , Isidor Bertrand , Kannengiesser Caroline , Ducassou Stephane 
Published: July 2019

SummaryCongenital sideroblastic anaemia (CSA) is a rare disease caused by germline mutations of genes involved in haem and iron‐sulphur cluster formation, and mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. We performed a retrospective multicentre European study of a cohort of childhood‐onset CSA patients to explore genotype/phenotype correlations. We studied 23 females and 20 males with symptoms of CSA. Among the patients, the most frequently mutated genes were ALAS2 (n = 10; 23·3%) and SLC25A38 (n = 8; 18·6%), causing isolated forms of microcytic anaemia of varying severity. Five patients with SLC19A2 mutations suffered from thiamine‐responsive megaloblastic anaemia and three exhibited the ‘anaemia, deafness and diabetes’ triad. Three patients with TRNT1 mutations exhibited severe early onset microcytic anaemia associated with thrombocytosis, and two exhibited B‐cell immunodeficiency, inflammatory syndrome and psychomotor delay. The prognoses of patients with TRNT1 and SLC2A38 mutations were generally dismal because of comorbidities or severe iron overload. No molecular diagnosis could be established in 14/43 cases. This study emphasizes the frequency of ALAS2 and SLC25A38 mutations and provides the largest comprehensive analysis to date of genotype/phenotype correlations in CSA. Further studies of CSA patients with data recorded in an international registry would be helpful to improve patient management and establish standardized guidelines.
Myricanol modulates skeletal muscle–adipose tissue crosstalk to alleviate high‐fat diet‐induced obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: Shen Shengnan , Liao Qiwen , Zhang Tian , Pan Ruile , Lin Ligen 
Published: July 2019

Background and PurposeSkeletal muscle is the predominant site for glucose disposal and fatty acid consumption. Emerging evidence indicates that the crosstalk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle is critical in maintaining insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis. The current study was designed to investigate whether myricanol improves insulin sensitivity and alleviates adiposity through modulating skeletal muscle–adipose tissue crosstalk.Experimental ApproachThe therapeutic effect of myricanol was evaluated on palmitic acid (PA)‐treated C2C12 myotubes and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. The crosstalk between myotubes and adipocytes was evaluated using Transwell assay. The cellular lipid content was examined by Nile red staining. The mitochondrial content was assessed by MitoTracker Green staining and citrate synthase activity, and the mitochondrial function was examined by Seahorse assay. Expression of mitochondria‐related and insulin signalling pathway proteins was analysed by Western blot, and the irisin level was determined by elisa kit.Key ResultsMyricanol increased mitochondrial quantity and function through activating AMP‐activated protein kinase, resulting in reduced lipid accumulation and enhanced insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake, in PA‐treated C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, myricanol stimulated irisin production and secretion from myotubes to reduce lipid content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. In HFD‐fed mice, myricanol treatment alleviated adiposity and insulin resistance through enhancing lipid utilization and irisin production in skeletal muscle and inducing browning of inguinal fat.Conclusions and ImplicationsMyricanol modulates skeletal muscle–adipose tissue crosstalk, to stimulate browning of adipose tissue and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Myricanol might be a potential candidate for treating insulin resistance and obesity.
Recruitment and disruption of ventral pallidal cue encoding during alcohol seeking
Authors: Ottenheimer David J. , Wang Karen , Haimbaugh Alexandria , Janak Patricia H. , Richard Jocelyn M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA critical area of inquiry in the neurobiology of alcohol abuse is the mechanism by which cues gain the ability to elicit alcohol use. Previously, we found that cue‐evoked activity in rat ventral pallidum robustly encodes the value of sucrose cues trained under both Pavlovian and instrumental contingencies, despite a stronger relationship between cue‐evoked activity and behavioral latency after instrumental training (Richard et al., 2018, Elife, 7, e33107). Here, we assessed: (a) ventral pallidal representations of Pavlovian versus instrumental cues trained with alcohol reward, and (b) the impact of non‐associative alcohol exposure on ventral pallidal representations of sucrose cues. Decoding of cue identity based on ventral pallidum firing was blunted for the Pavlovian alcohol cue in comparison to both the instrumental cue trained with alcohol and either cue type trained with sucrose. Further, non‐associative alcohol exposure had opposing effects on ventral pallidal encoding of sucrose cues trained on instrumental versus Pavlovian associations, enhancing decoding accuracy for an instrumental discriminative stimulus and reducing decoding accuracy for a Pavlovian conditioned stimulus. These findings suggest that alcohol exposure can drive biased engagement of specific reward‐related signals in the ventral pallidum.
Harsh Parenting and Black Boys' Behavior Problems: Single Mothers' Parenting Stress and Nonresident Fathers' Involvement
Authors: Jackson Aurora P. , Choi Jeong‐Kyun , Preston Kathleen S. J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo test a model linking economic hardship, parenting stress, and nonresident fathers' involvement in single mothers' family life during Black boys' early childhood (3–5 years of age) to harsh parenting and behavior problems in middle childhood (9 years of age).BackgroundParenting stress among single mothers heading low‐income Black families is poorly understood. Most of the research on the effects of stress in the parenting role and outcomes for mothers and children has focused on middle‐class White samples. Boys are of primary interest in this article because of evidence, based largely on studies of economically disadvantaged, two‐parent, White families, that boys may be more negatively affected than girls by aspects of family conflict that include harsh and coercive parenting.MethodUsing data from a subsample of unmarried Black mothers and nonresident biological fathers with a 3‐year‐old son (n = 748) from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a nationally representative data set, and survey interviews with mothers when the children were 3, 5, and 9 years of age, we examined relationships between and among mothers' economic hardship, depressive symptoms, parenting stress, father involvement, harsh parenting, and child behavior problems when the children were 3, 5, and 9 years of age. Latent variable structural equation modeling and effect decomposition were estimated.ResultsEconomic hardship was linked indirectly to harsh parenting through mothers' depressive symptoms and parenting stress, both of which were related directly to increased harsh parenting. Fathers' involvement was associated directly with mothers' reduced economic hardship and reduced parenting stress when children were 3 to 5 years of age, and reduced levels of harsh parenting at 9 years of age. Harsh parenting during middle childhood, in turn, was associated directly and positively with boy's behavior problems at 9 years of age.ConclusionNonresident Black fathers' sustained involvement may buffer adverse consequences of stressful conditions on single mothers' parenting. This is important because studies have found that children growing up in households without the involvement of both biological parents are at greater risk for negative developmental and well‐being outcomes than their counterparts who grow up in households in which both biological parents are involved.ImplicationsThe most important scientific and policy implications of our results are that intervention approaches that focus on honing relationship and coparenting skills between unmarried nonresident, Black, biological fathers and the mothers of their children early on should be a high priority. Studies have found that although these couples are typically optimistic about their future together early in the relationship, most are no longer in a romantic relationship by the time the child is 5 years old.