bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethics in Everyday Places
Authors: Koch Tom 
Published: December 2018

An exploration of moral stress, distress, and injuries inherent in modern society through the maps that pervade academic and public communications worlds.
In Ethics in Everyday Places, ethicist and geographer Tom Koch considers what happens when, as he puts it, “you do everything right but know you've done something wrong." The resulting moral stress and injury, he argues, are pervasive in modern Western society. Koch makes his argument "from the ground up," from the perspective of average persons, and through a revealing series of maps in which issues of ethics and morality are embedded.
The book begins with a general grounding in both moral stress and mapping as a means of investigation. The author then examines the ethical dilemmas of mapmakers and others in the popular media and the sciences, including graphic artists, journalists, researchers, and social scientists. Koch expands from the particular to the general, from mapmaker and journalist to the readers of maps and news. He explores the moral stress and injury in educational funding, poverty, and income inequality ("Why aren't we angry that one in eight fellow citizens lives in federally certified poverty?"), transportation modeling (seen in the iconic map of the London transit system and the hidden realities of exclusion), and U.S. graft organ transplantation.
This uniquely interdisciplinary work rewrites our understanding of the nature of moral stress, distress and injury, and ethics in modern life. Written accessibly and engagingly, it transforms how we think of ethics—personal and professional—amid the often conflicting moral injunctions across modern society.
Copublished with Esri Press
We Now Disrupt This Broadcast
Authors: Lotz Amanda D. 
Published: December 2018

The collision of new technologies, changing business strategies, and innovative storytelling that produced a new golden age of TV.
Cable television channels were once the backwater of American television, programming recent and not-so-recent movies and reruns of network shows. Then came La Femme Nikita, OZ, The Sopranos, Mad Men, Game of Thrones, and The Walking Dead. And then, just as “prestige cable” became a category, came House of Cards and Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Video, and other Internet distributors of television content. What happened? In We Now Disrupt This Broadcast, Amanda Lotz chronicles the collision of new technologies, changing business strategies, and innovative storytelling that produced an era termed “peak TV.”
Lotz explains that changes in the business of television expanded the creative possibilities of television. She describes the costly infrastructure rebuilding undertaken by cable service providers in the late 1990s and the struggles of cable channels to produce (and pay for) original, scripted programming in order to stand out from the competition. These new programs defied television conventions and made viewers adjust their expectations of what television could be. Le Femme Nikita offered cable's first antihero, Mad Men cost more than advertisers paid, The Walking Dead became the first mass cable hit, and Game of Thrones was the first global television blockbuster. Internet streaming didn't kill cable, Lotz tells us. Rather, it revolutionized how we watch television. Cable and network television quickly established their own streaming portals. Meanwhile, cable service providers had quietly transformed themselves into Internet providers, able to profit from both prestige cable and streaming services. Far from being dead, television continues to transform.
Bureaucratic Landscapes
Authors: Thomas Craig W. 
Published: December 2018

Political scientists have long been concerned about the tension between institutional fragmentation and policy coordination in the U.S. bureaucracy. The literature is rife with examples of agencies competing with each other or asserting their independence, while cooperation is relatively rare. This is of particular importance in policy areas such as biodiversity, where species, habitats, and ecosystems cross various agency jurisdictions.
Bureaucratic Landscapes explores the reasons for the success and failure of interagency cooperation, focusing on several case studies of efforts to preserve biodiversity in California. The book examines why public officials tried to cooperate and the obstacles they faced, providing indirect evidence of policy impacts as well. Among other topics, it examines the role of courts in prompting agency action, the role of scientific knowledge in organizational learning, and the emergence of new institutions to resolve collective-action problems. Notable findings include the crucial role of environmental lawsuits in prompting agency action and the surprisingly active role of the Bureau of Land Management in resource preservation.
Global Migration and the World Economy
Authors: Hatton Timothy J. , Williamson Jeffrey G. 
Published: December 2018

World mass migration began in the early nineteenth century, when advances in transportation technology and industrial revolutions at home enabled increasing numbers of people to set off for other parts of the globe in search of a better life. Two centuries later, there is no distant African, Asian, or Latin American village that is not within reach of some high-wage OECD labor market. This book is the first comprehensive economic assessment of world mass migration taking a long-run historical perspective, including north-north, south-south, and south-north migrations. Timothy Hatton and Jeffrey Williamson, both economists and economic historians, consider two centuries of global mobility, assessing its impact on the migrants themselves as well as on the sending and receiving countries.
Global Migration and the World Economy covers two great migration waves: the first, from the 1820s to the beginning of World War I, when immigration was largely unrestricted; the second, beginning in 1950, when mass migration continued to grow despite policy restrictions. The book also explores the period between these two global centuries when world migration shrank sharply because of two world wars, immigration quotas, and the Great Depression. The authors assess the economic performance of these world migrations, the policy reactions to deal with them, and the political economy that connected one with the other. The last third of Global Migration and the World Economy focuses on modern experience and shows how contemporary debates about migration performance and policy can be informed by a comprehensive historical perspective.
IMF Essays from a Time of Crisis
Authors: Fischer Stanley 
Published: December 2018

Stanley Fischer served as First Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund from 1994 to 2001. IMF Essays from a Time of Crisis collects sixteen essays written for the most part during his time at the IMF, each updated with Fischer's later reflections on the issues raised. The IMF drew much criticism for some of its actions during Fischer's tenure, and he vigorously defends the "battlefield medicine" practiced by the IMF during a series of economic crises, which included the problems of economic transition in the former Soviet bloc and the Asian financial crisis. Fischer addresses the subsequent calls for reform of the international financial system and makes the case for the IMF as an international lender of last resort.
The first section of essays, "The Role of the IMF and the Reform of the International Financial System," considers the IMF's role in the international financial system in light of the crises of the 1990s. The second section, "Macroeconomic Policy, Stabilization, and Transition," examines such topics as exchange rate regimes, inflation, and Eastern Europe's relation to the European Union. The final section, "Poverty and Development," reflects Fischer's basic belief that economic policies should explicitly target poverty reduction. These engaging and accessible essays will appeal not only to economics students, economists, and policymakers but also to the general reader interested in the international monetary system.
The Mind Doesn't Work That Way
Authors: Fodor Jerry A. 
Published: December 2018

In this engaging book, Jerry Fodor argues against the widely held view that mental processes are largely computations, that the architecture of cognition is massively modular, and that the explanation of our innate mental structure is basically Darwinian. Although Fodor has praised the computational theory of mind as the best theory of cognition that we have got, he considers it to be only a fragment of the truth. In fact, he claims, cognitive scientists do not really know much yet about how the mind works (the book's title refers to Steve Pinker's How the Mind Works).
Fodor's primary aim is to explore the relationship among computational and modular theories of mind, nativism, and evolutionary psychology. Along the way, he explains how Chomsky's version of nativism differs from that of the widely received New Synthesis approach. He concludes that although we have no grounds to suppose that most of the mind is modular, we have no idea how nonmodular cognition could work. Thus, according to Fodor, cognitive science has hardly gotten started.
Bradford Books imprint
Shape
Authors: Stiny George 
Published: December 2018

How design is calculating with shapes: formal details and design applications.
In Shape, George Stiny argues that seeing shapes—with all their changeability and ambiguity—is an inexhaustible source of creative ideas. Understanding shapes, he says, is a useful way to understand what is possible in design.
Shapes are devices for visual expression just as symbols are devices for verbal expression. Stiny develops a unified scheme that includes both visual expression with shapes and verbal expression with signs. The relationships—and equivalencies—between the two kinds of expressive devices make design comparable to other professional practices that rely more on verbal than visual expression. Design uses shapes while business, engineering, law, mathematics, and philosophy turn mainly to symbols, but the difference, says Stiny, isn't categorical. Designing is a way of thinking. Designing, Stiny argues, is calculating with shapes, calculating without equations and numbers but still according to rules. Stiny shows that the mechanical process of calculation is actually a creative process when you calculate with shapes—when you can reason with your eyes, when you learn to see instead of count.
The book takes the idea of design as calculation from mere heuristic or metaphor to a rigorous relationship in which design and calculation each inform and enhance the other. Stiny first demonstrates how seeing and counting differ when you use rules—that is, what it means to calculate with your eyes—then shows how to calculate with shapes, providing formal details. He gives practical applications in design with specific visual examples. The book is extraordinarily visual, with many drawings throughout—drawings punctuated with words. You have to see this book in order to read it.
Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron
Authors: Doing Park 
Published: December 2018

Change in scientific practice and its implications for the status of scientific claims, examined through an analysis of three episodes at a synchrotron laboratory.
After World War II, particle physics became a dominant research discipline in American academia. At many universities, alumni of the Manhattan Project and of Los Alamos were granted resources to start (or strengthen) programs of high-energy physics built around the promise of a new and more powerful particle accelerator, the synchrotron. The synchrotron was also a source of very intense X-rays, useful for research in solid states physics and in biology. As synchrotron X-ray science grew, the experimental practice of protein crystallography (used to determine the atomic structures of proteins and viruses), garnered funding, prestige, and acclaim. In Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron, Park Doing examines the change in scientific practice at a synchrotron laboratory as biology rose to dominance over physics. He draws on his own observations and experiences at the Cornell University synchrotron, and considers the implications of that change for the status of scientific claims. Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron is one of the few recent works in the sociology of science that engages specific scientific and technical claims through participant observation—recorded evocatively and engagingly—to address issues in the philosophy of science. Doing argues that bureaucratic change in science is neither “top-down” nor “bottom-up” but rather performed in and realized through recursively related forums of technical assertion and resistance. He considers the relationship of this change to the content of science, and the implications of this relationship for the project of laboratory studies begun in the late 1970s.
The View from Above
Authors: Haffner Jeanne 
Published: December 2018

The role of aerial photography in the evolution of the concept of social space”and its impact on French urban planning in the mid-twentieth century.
In mid-twentieth century France, the term “social space” (l'espace social)—the idea that spatial form and social life are inextricably linked—emerged in a variety of social science disciplines. Taken up by the French New Left, it also came to inform the practice of urban planning. In The View from Above, Jeanne Haffner traces the evolution of the science of social space from the interwar period to the 1970s, illuminating in particular the role of aerial photography in this new way of conceptualizing socio-spatial relations.
As early as the 1930s, the view from above served for Marcel Griaule and other anthropologists as a means of connecting the social and the spatial. Just a few decades later, the Marxist urban sociologist Henri Lefebvre called the perspective enabled by aerial photography—a technique closely associated with the French colonial state and military—“the space of state control.” Lefebvre and others nevertheless used the notion of social space to recast the problem of massive modernist housing projects (grands ensembles) to encompass the modern suburb (banlieue) itself—a critique that has contemporary resonance in light of the banlieue riots of 2005 and 2007. Haffner shows how such “views” permitted new ways of conceptualizing the old problem of housing to emerge. She also points to broader issues, including the influence of the colonies on the metropole, the application of sociological expertise to the study of the built environment, and the development of a spatially oriented critique of capitalism.
Building Successful Online Communities
Authors: Kraut Robert E. , Resnick Paul , Kiesler Sara , Burke Moira , Chen Yan , Kittur Niki , Konstan Joseph , Ren Yuqing , Riedl John 
Published: December 2018

How insights from the social sciences, including social psychology and economics, can improve the design of online communities.
Online communities are among the most popular destinations on the Internet, but not all online communities are equally successful. For every flourishing Facebook, there is a moribund Friendster—not to mention the scores of smaller social networking sites that never attracted enough members to be viable. This book offers lessons from theory and empirical research in the social sciences that can help improve the design of online communities.
The authors draw on the literature in psychology, economics, and other social sciences, as well as their own research, translating general findings into useful design claims. They explain, for example, how to encourage information contributions based on the theory of public goods, and how to build members' commitment based on theories of interpersonal bond formation. For each design claim, they offer supporting evidence from theory, experiments, or observational studies.
Hanan al-Cinema
Authors: Marks Laura U. 
Published: December 2018

An examination of experimental cinema and media art from the Arabic-speaking world that explores filmmakers' creative and philosophical inventiveness in trying times.
In this book, Laura Marks examines one of the world's most impressive, and affecting, bodies of independent and experimental cinema from the last twenty-five years: film and video works from the Arabic-speaking world. Some of these works' creative strategies are shared by filmmakers around the world; others arise from the particular economic, social, political, and historical circumstances of Arab countries, whose urgency, Marks argues, seems to demand experiment and invention.
Grounded in a study of infrastructures for independent and experimental media art in the Arab world and a broad knowledge of hundreds of films and videos, Hanan al-Cinema approaches these works thematically. Topics include the nomadism of the highway, nostalgia for '70s radicalism, a romance with the archive, algorithmic and glitch media, haptic and networked space, and cinema of the body. Marks develops an aesthetic of enfolding and unfolding to elucidate the different ways that cinema can make events perceptible, seek connections among them, and unfold in the bodies and thoughts of audiences.
The phrase Hanan al-cinema expresses the way movies sympathize with the world and the way audiences feel affection for, and are affected by, them. Marks's clear and expressive writing conveys these affections in works by such internationally recognized artists and filmmakers as Akram Zaatari, Elia Suleiman, Hassan Khan, Mounir Fatmi, and Joana Hadjithomas and Khalil Joreige, and others who should be better known.
Association of Ocular Inflammation and Rubella Virus Persistence
Authors: Gonzales John A. , Hinterwirth Armin , Shantha Jessica , Wang Kaidi , Zhong Lina , Cummings Milo , Qian Ying , Wilson Michael R. , Acharya Nisha R. , Doan Thuy 
Published: December 2018

ImportanceMetagenomic deep sequencing (MDS) demonstrates that persistent and active rubella virus (RV) infection is associated with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI).ObjectiveTo assess the utility of MDS in identifying RV infection in patients with uveitis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case series assessed 6 patients diagnosed by MDS with RV-associated uveitis at a tertiary uveitis referral center in the United States.ExposuresPrior RV infection.Main Outcomes and MeasuresClinical examination findings, slitlamp photography, corneal confocal imaging, and infectious pathogen genome obtained from RNA sequencing.ResultsSix white men (age range, 36-61 years) were diagnosed with RV-associated uveitis by MDS. Three patients exhibited iris heterochromia associated with their uveitis in classic FHI fashion. The other 3 patients had less classic FHI features and exhibited anterior vitritis. Three patients had in vivo corneal confocal microscopy, with 2 demonstrating stellate keratic precipitates in addition to endothelial infiltration, spotlike holes, and enlarged intercellular boundaries. Of these 3 patients, 1 patient exhibited polymorphism and polymegathism of the endothelial cells.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that persistent RV infection is associated with recurrent or chronic anterior or anterior-intermediate uveitis as well as corneal endothelial cell damage. Ophthalmologists should consider RV infection as a potential cause of hypertensive anterior and intermediate uveitis.
Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exosome Enrichment: A Proof‐of‐Concept Study for Exosome‐Based Targeting Peptide Screening
Authors: Liu Xiangwei , Yang Xuekang , Sun Wenqi , Wu Qi , Song Yingliang , Yuan Lijun , Yang Guodong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSelection of a peptide that binds preferentially to targeted cells or tissues is a prerequisite for targeted therapy. Although in vivo phage display is a high‐throughput method, it is restricted in identifying target ligands specific for different vascular beds. In this study, the exosomes are repurposed for targeting peptide screening. Briefly, the signal peptide region of Lamp2b (a membrane protein on the exosomes) in the N‐terminus is engineered to fuse with 10 aa long random peptides, while the C‐terminus of Lamp2b is fused with the MS2 coating protein (MCP). Then, the whole Lamp2b‐MCP open reading frame (ORF) is further engineered to harbor a 3′UTR sequence consisting of MS2. The resultant exosomes from engineered Lamp2b‐MCP expressing cells display the 10 aa peptides on the outside while containing the genetic information inside. By proof‐of‐principle experiments, the exosomes with different peptides could preferentially distribute to different tissues besides the spleen and liver. Furthermore, detailed target sequences for different tissues are enriched by rounds of selection. In summary, the established novel targeted peptide screening strategy, namely, “exosome display,” has broad applicability, especially for displaying and screening targeted peptides for the cells outside the capillary with condense barriers, like the neurons in the brain.
Bio‐Erasable Intermolecular Donor–Acceptor Interaction of Organic Semiconducting Nanoprobes for Activatable NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Tang Yufu , Li Yuanyuan , Lu Xiaomei , Hu Xiaoming , Zhao Hui , Hu Wenbo , Lu Feng , Fan Quli , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractActivatable second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II; 1.0–1.7 µm) fluorescence probes that uncage deep‐tissue penetrating fluorescence by disease‐related biomarker stimuli hold great promise for detecting diseases with a poor understanding of the pathology at the molecular level with unprecedented resolution. However, currently, very few activatable NIR‐II fluorescence probes are reported mainly due to the lack of a simple yet general design strategy. Herein, a new and fairly generic design strategy using a bio‐erasable intermolecular donor–acceptor interaction to construct activatable NIR‐II fluorescence probes is reported. An organic semiconducting nanoprobe (SPNP) is constructed through blending a biomarker‐sensitive organic semiconducting non‐fullerene acceptor (3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐(3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)‐cyclopentane‐1,3‐dione‐[c]thiophen))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis(4‐hexylphenyl)‐dithieno[2,3‐d:2',3'‐d']‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b'] dithiophene) (ITTC) (one of electric acceptors in organic solar cells) with a biomarker‐inert semiconducting polymer donor 5‐(4,8‐bis((2‐ethylhexyl)oxy)‐6‐methylbenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']difuran‐2‐yl)‐10‐methylnaphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c']bis([1,2,5]thiadiazole) (PDF) in an amphiphilic‐polymer‐coated single nanoparticle to suppress NIR‐II fluorescence of the donor via a intermolecular donor–acceptor interaction. The acceptor ITTC is found to be specifically degraded by hypochlorite (an important biomarker) to erase its acceptor property, thus erasing the intermolecular donor–acceptor interaction and uncaging NIR‐II fluorescence. Consequently, SPNP exhibits a 17.5‐fold higher fluorescence brightness in the hypochlorite‐abnormal inflammation in vivo than in normal tissues. Our bio‐erasable intermolecular donor–acceptor interaction strategy provides simple yet general guidelines to design various biomarker‐activatable NIR‐II fluorescence probes.