bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Generation of Uncertainty Analysis in Basin Modeling
Authors: Hacquard Pierre 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Basin modelling encompasses a broad range of related geological disciplines used to represent and describe how sedimentary basins were formed and evolved over time. It is often employed, but not solely, to appraise their potential for hydrocarbons exploration and production. Regarding petroleum systems, discerning and possessing the ability to precisely quantify the uncertainties associated to the generation and accumulation of oil and gas are the keys to deliver relevant and exhaustive analysis since no model or interpretation can at present perfectly mirror reality.
To achieve this, classical techniques, as Monte Carlo, rely on statistical concepts necessiting important computing power as they require thousands of simulations. Modern optimized algorithms combining statistical concepts such as Latin Hypercube Sampling and machine learning methods can significantly downplay the number of simulations and thus the computing time required to generate realistic alternative probabilistic outcomes. They turn out to be particularly effective when mastered but require expertise across numerous scientific fields further to an extensive basin modelling experience. Thence, they remain used by a limited community of experts, often limited to R&D centers, rather than being widely adopted in exploration practices. In addition, plenty of these experts will retire in the coming years without necessarily being able to pass the torch and too few geoscientists are adequately trained to master these methods, facing the industry with a dilemma.
In this paper, the objective is to present an innovative workflow for risk and uncertainty analysis in basin modelling. By using already developed advanced statistics optimization approaches and combining it with a new parametrization procedure based on well-known geological concepts instead of independent variables, this new workflow is designed to reach a wider and less experienced community while downsizing computing time and remaining agile and pertinent.
In illustration of the general parametrization procedure, three new specific methodologies to assess the richness, the reactivity and the thickness of a source-rock are described following the philosophy of the workflow. They have been tested on a real case study over the Levantine Basin and present promising results as they required 50 times fewer simulations than Monte Carlo approach to provide results coherent with expected geological contexts and physical behaviors of the basin.
Postoperative Analgesia for Pediatric Craniotomy Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Xing Fei , An LiXin , Xue FuShan , Zhao ChunMei , Bai YaFan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Pain is often observed in pediatric patients after craniotomy procedures, which could lead to some serious postoperative complications. However, the optimal formula for postoperative analgesia for pediatric neurosurgery has not been well established. This study aimed to explore the optimal options and formulas for postoperative analgesia in pediatric neurosurgery.
Methods: Three hundred and twenty patients aged 1 to 12-years old who underwent craniotomy were randomly assigned to receive 4 different regimens of patient-controlled analgesia (PCIA or NCIA). Postoperative pain scores at different time point after surgery and analgesia-related complication were recorded respectively. Comparative analysis was performed between the four groups.
Results: In all groups, significantly lower pain scores were observed at one to 8 hours in the morphine group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in pain scores between the fentanyl and tramadol groups (P>0.05), both of which had lower pain scores than the placebo group (P<0.05). However, a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting occurred in the tramadol group during the 48 hours of NCIA usage after operation (P=0.020). Much more rescue medicines including ibuprofen and morphine were used in control group (CI=0.000-0.019). No consciousness change and respiratory depression was observed in all groups. There were 56 children experienced moderate-severe pain(17.5%), younger children (OR=1.161, 1.027-1.312, P=0.017), occipital craniotomy (OR=0.374, 0.155-0.905, P=0.029), morphine treatment, were relevant factors of moderate-severe pain in pediatric patients.
Conclusions: Compared with other analgesic projects, PCIA or NCIA analgesia with morphine appears to be the safest and most effective postoperative analgesia program for pediatric patients who underwent neurosurgical operations.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. No: ChiCTR-IOC-15007676. Prospective registration. http://www.chictr.org.cn.
Keywords: Pain, Postoperative, Child, Craniotomy
Effects of pomegranate juice on cardiometabolic risk factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients, a crossover controlled trial
Authors: Boldaji Reza Barati , Akhlaghi Masoumeh , Sagheb Mohammad Mehdi , Esmaeilinezhad Zahra 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Pomegranate has antioxidant, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. We questioned if pomegranate juice (PJ) benefits lipid profile and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of hemodialysis patients.
Methods: The study had a crossover design. Hemodialysis patients (n=41) were divided into two groups: PJ-treated group who received 100 ml natural PJ immediately after their dialysis session three times a week and the control group who received the usual care. After 8 weeks, a 4-week washout period was established and afterwards the role of the groups was exchanged. Lipid profile, blood pressure, and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and after each sequence. Comparisons between the two conditions were performed by ANCOVA with adjustments for potential confounders.
Results: Based on results of intention-to-treat analysis, triglycerides were decreased in PJ condition and increased in the control. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was increased in PJ and decreased in control. There was a significant between-condition difference for both triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (P<0.001). Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol did not significantly change in either condition. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased in PJ condition and caused a significant difference between two conditions (P<0.001). Total antioxidant capacity increased in PJ condition (P<0.001) and decreased in control (P<0.001). Conversely, malondialdehyde and interleukin-6 decreased in PJ (P<0.001) and increased in the control (P≤0.001). The changes of these biomarkers were significantly different between two conditions.
Conclusions: In conclusion, 8-week PJ consumption showed beneficial effects on blood pressure, serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, oxidative stress, and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. The trial was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (ID number: IRCT 2016070428797N1).
Keywords: Pomegranate, hemodialysis, hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid profile.
The Biological Significance of Oxidative Stress, Effects of Fruits as Natural Edible Antioxidants
Authors: Rosado-Pérez Juana , Aguiñiga-Sánchez Itzen , Arista-Ugalde Taide L. , Santiago-Osorio Edelmiro , Mendoza-Núñez Víctor M. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Oxidative stress (OxS) is a biochemical process characterized by an imbalance between
the production of reactive species (RS) and antioxidants in favor of the former that subsequently induces the
oxidative damage of biomolecules and alters cellular physiology. OxS exerts diverse effects and is associated
with the pathophysiology of more than 100 diseases, as well as with the aging process. OxS also plays a role in
maintaining the homeostasis of both animal and plant organisms. We analyze the role and mechanisms of the
generation of RS and antioxidants both under physiological conditions and during aging and pathological processes.
Likewise, the potential of antioxidant agents from the diet is considered, specifically fruits such as chayote.
We focus on naringenin, a flavonoid with a high antioxidant capacity.

Method:
We conducted a literature review to present the state of the art of knowledge about the biological significance
of oxidative stress and the effect of antioxidants in some edible fruits.

Conclusions:
Evidence supports the existence of RS, their physiological roles as well its harmful effects when
oxidative stress occurs. In this sense, given the association of oxidative stress with diseases and aging the fruits
rich in antioxidants are a feasible alternative to restore de redox balance if necessary.
HLAs in Autoimmune Diseases: Dependable Diagnostic Biomarkers?
Authors: Rajaei Elham , Jalali Mohammad Taha , Shahrabi Saeid , Asnafi Ali Amin , Pezeshki Seyed Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The process of antigen presentation to immune cells is an undeniable contributor
to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Different studies have indicated several factors
that are related to autoimmunity. Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) are among such factors,
which have a key role in autoimmunity because of their involvement in antigen presentation process.

Methods:
Relevant English language literature was searched and retrieved from Google Scholar
search engine and PubMed database (1996-2018). The following keywords were used: "Human
leukocyte antigen", "Behcet’s syndrome", "Rheumatoid arthritis", "Systemic lupus erythematosus",
"Type 1 diabetes", "Celiac Disease" and "Autoimmunity".

Results:
There is a strong association between HLA alleles and autoimmune diseases. For instance,
HLA-B alleles and Behcet’s syndrome are strongly correlated, and systemic lupus erythematosus
and Type 1 diabetes are related to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1, respectively.

Conclusion:
Association between numerous HLA alleles and autoimmune diseases may justify and
rationalize their use as biomarkers as well as possible diagnostic laboratory parameters.
Motion Tracking for Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Upper Limb Movements Following Acromioclavicular Joint Ligament Reconstruction: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mazzoleni Stefano , Battini Elena , Galgani Matteo , Tenucci Miria , Dario Paolo , Calvosa Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Technological tools as robotic devices and wearable sensors can provide accurate and repeatable measurements of physical variables (e.g., position, velocities, forces) which can be used for quantitative and qualitative assessment of movement analysis and upper limb motor performance.

Objective:
The study aims to propose a quantitative and qualitative assessment of upper limb motor performance by means of seven kinematic parameters recorded by a passive mechatronic device in patients who underwent a surgical procedure for ligament reconstruction following acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Method:
Five patients (mean age: 40 ± 12 years) with acromioclavicular joint dislocation were enrolled.
A passive end-effector mechatronic device characterized by 7 degrees of freedom and designed for the assessment of upper limb motor performance - especially for measuring the hand position in three-dimensional space - was used.
The Constant-Murley score and seven kinematic parameters were used as clinical outcome measure and quantitative and qualitative assessment, respectively.

Results:
The preliminary results of this study show no significant differences between the impaired arm and unimpaired arm: the end-effector passive mechatronic device used in this study is able to provide an overall assessment of the upper limb motor performance following shoulder impairment.

Conclusion:
The motion tracker can be easily used as effective tool for quantitative and qualitative assessment of upper limb motor performance, even several years after the surgical operation.
Influence of Member Length Imperfection on the Capacity of Spatial Structures
Authors: Gordini Mehrdad , Habibi Mohammad R. , Tavana Mohammad H. , Amiri Moslem , Roudsari Mehrzad T. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:Load bearing capacity of Double Layer Grid Spatial Trusses (DLGST) majorly depend on the structures' imperfections. It is important to analyze the systems with consideration of the influences of uncertainties to ensure the safety of DLGST.Methods:The variation of imperfect members’ positions and initial size of length imperfections (being longer or shorter than the ideal size) were selected as the parameters of the current research. Member length imperfections for both long and short members were randomly taken into account according to the randomly generated numbers. These random numbers were generated using a normal distribution.Results and Conclusion:The effect of imperfection is investigated by repeating the analyses simulations on structures with a stochastic dispersion of the imperfect member position and initial length imperfection. It has been demonstrated that the length imperfections might significantly decrease safety of the structure and also shown that the position of imperfect members has effect on the structural performance.
Comparison Between 18F-Dopa and 18F-Fet PET/CT in Patients with Suspicious Recurrent High Grade Glioma: A Literature Review and Our Experience
Authors: Evangelista Laura , Cuppari Lea , Bellu Luisa , Bertin Daniele , Caccese Mario , Reccia Pasquale , Zagonel Vittorina , Lombardi Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
The aims of the present study were to: 1- critically assess the utility of L-3,4-
dihydroxy-6-18Ffluoro-phenyl-alanine (18F-DOPA) and O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) in patients with high grade glioma
(HGG) and 2- describe the results of 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT in a case series of patients with
recurrent HGG.

Methods:
We searched for studies using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus.
The search terms were: glioma OR brain neoplasm and DOPA OR DOPA PET OR DOPA PET/CT and
FET OR FET PET OR FET PET/CT. From a mono-institutional database, we retrospectively analyzed
the 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT of 29 patients (age: 56 ± 12 years) with suspicious for recurrent
HGG. All patients underwent 18F-DOPA or 18F-FET PET/CT for a multidisciplinary decision. The final
definition of recurrence was made by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or multidisciplinary decision,
mainly based on the clinical data.

Results:
Fifty-one articles were found, of which 49 were discarded, therefore 2 studies were finally
selected. In both the studies, 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET as exchangeable in clinical practice particularly for
HGG patients. From our institutional experience, in 29 patients, we found that sensitivity, specificity
and accuracy of 18F-DOPA PET/CT in HGG were 100% (95% confidence interval- 95%CI - 81-100%),
63% (95%CI: 39-82%) and 62% (95%CI: 39-81%), respectively. 18F-FET PET/CT was true positive in
4 and true negative in 4 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for 18F-FET PET/CT in HGG
were 100%.

Conclusion:
18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT have a similar diagnostic accuracy in patients with recurrent
HGG. However, 18F-DOPA PET/CT could be affected by inflammation conditions (false positive)
that can alter the final results. Large comparative trials are warranted in order to better understand the
utility of 18F-DOPA or 18F-FET PET/CT in patients with HGG.
Integration of Genetic Testing and Pathology for the Diagnosis of Adults with FSGS
Authors: Yao Tony , Udwan Khalil , John Rohan , Rana Akanchaya , Haghighi Amirreza , Xu Lizhen , Hack Saidah , Reich Heather N. , Hladunewich Michelle Adrienne , Cattran Daniel C. , Paterson Andrew D. , Pei York , Barua Moumita 
Published: January 2019

Background and objectives
FSGS and nephrotic syndrome studies have shown that single gene causes are more likely to be found in pediatric cases than adults. Consequently, many studies have examined limited gene panels in largely pediatric cohorts.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Whole-exome sequencing was performed in adults with FSGS diagnosed between 1976 and 2017 in the Toronto GN Registry. An expanded panel of 109 genes linked to FSGS, glomerular basement membrane abnormalities, as well as causes of pediatric ESKD including congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and nephronophthisis, were examined.

Results
The cohort was composed of 193 individuals from 179 families. Nearly half (49%) developed ESKD at a mean age of 47±17 years. The genetic diagnostic rate was 11%. Of definitely pathogenic variants, 55% were in COL4A (A3/A4/A5), 40% were in podocyte genes, and 5% were in CAKUT genes. Many, but not all individuals with COL4A definitely pathogenic variants had some evidence of glomerular basement membrane abnormalities. The estimated mean survival/age of kidney failure for individuals with COL4A definitely pathogenic variants was 58 years (95% confidence interval, 49 to 69), far later than what has been reported in the literature. Likely pathogenic variants were identified in an additional 9% of the cohort, with most in COL4A. Correlation with glomerular basement membrane morphology suggested a causal role for at least some of these likely pathogenic variants.

Conclusions
Even with an expanded gene panel, we find that COL4A disorders are the leading monogenic cause in adults diagnosed with FSGS.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2019_01_15_CJASNPodcast_19_02_.mp3
The Correlation between Online Peer Review and Academic Writing Students’ Learning Styles
Authors: Aydawati Emilia Ninik , Rukmini Dwi , Bharati Dwi Anggani Linggar , Fitriati Sri Wuli 
Published: January 2019

Peer review studies have been done for years. It has been found that by having these activities, learners will get benefits from the communication with the peer who can give them input to improve their writing performance. Peer review can be done face to face or online. Face to face peer review is done synchronously where two students are having discussion on their essay, whereas online peer review can be done synchronously or asynchronously. This preliminary study investigates how the application of synchronous online peer review in Academic Writing class can be implemented to help them to do revision and improve their writing skills. The participants of this study is 50 students of academic writing class from two different class. This is an experimental study where the students were treated to get peer review activities from the software which is uploaded in web. They did the practice twice with the shuffled questions. This was aimed that they would be ready to give review. Pre-test and post-test were conducted and Gracian questionnaire to know their learning styles was uploaded in the web for them to fill in order to know their learning styles. it was found out that there are some improvement and there is correlation between their academic skills and the learning styles.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH PROVERBS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITING SKILL
Authors: Sudiran Sudiran 
Published: January 2019

Writing ability plays all importallt role ill the students'
academic life. Students' activities cannot be separated from writing. They have to write projects. propose a research. write a research report. etc. Writing ability enables students to disseminate information and new findings. This study aims (1) to describe the use of English proverbs to enhance the students writing achievement. (2) to reveal students' competence to write a purposive paragraph. (3) to describe the students' response to the use of the English proverbs in writing skill. The result of the study shows that (1) English proverbs can be considered as statement containing moral values. English proverbs call be used as teaching aids in teaching writing. (2) English proverbs enable lecturers to
promote students' writing ability. This fact can be supported by the result of students' writing test that is 74.62. which can be
categorized into a good category, such as proposed by Hartfiel et. al's Learning ESL Composition. (3) Based on the students'
response, generally they have positive attitudes toward the use of English proverbs because it can help them to increase their writing ability. Moreover, English proverbs enable students to elaborate their ideas in writing a paragraph.
PENERAPAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V
Authors: Hapsari Dyana Indri , Airlanda Gamaliel Septian 
Published: January 2019

Abstrak:Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika melalui implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yaitu project based learning (PjBL) pada peserta didik kelas 5. Model PjBL adalah model pembelajaran yang bersifat kontekstual dengan menggunakan proyek sebagai media sehingga diharapkan dapat merubah cara belajar peserta didik secara mandiri dengan meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan action research (penelitian tindakan kelas) yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Model pembelajaran ini dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah; merancang pertanyaan yang mendasar, menyusun rencana membuat perencanaan proyek, menjalankan kegiatan proyek, memantau perkembangan proyek, membuat penilaian terhadap proyek, mengevaluasi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PjBL telah terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik sebesar 8% yaitu 75% ada siklus 1 dan meningkat 83% pada siklus 2. Oleh karena itu, project based learning disarankan untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika.Abstract:This study aims to improve the motivation to learn mathematics through the application of project based learning (PjBL) models for the fifth grade students. The PjBL learning model is a contextual learning model using projects as media so that it is expected to change the way students learn independently by increasing the learning motivation and creativity of students. This research is an action research which consists of two cycles. The results showed that the PjBL learning model was carried out by steps; a) find basic questions, b) compile project plans, c) compile and carry out project activities, d) monitor project progress, e) assess project outcomes, f) evaluate experience. In this study it was found that the PjBL model has been shown to increase mathematics learning motivation by 8%, 75% in cycle 1 and increased 83% in cycle 2. Based on the results of the study, the implementation of project based learning can increase motivation to learn mathematics. Therefore, project based learning is recommended to be applied in mathematics learning.