bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural history of limb girdle muscular dystrophy R9 over 6 years: searching for trial endpoints
Authors: Murphy Alexander P. , Morrow Jasper , Dahlqvist Julia R. , Stojkovic Tanya , Willis Tracey A. , Sinclair Christopher D. J. , Wastling Stephen , Yousry Tarek , Hanna Michael S. , James Meredith K. , Mayhew Anna , Eagle Michelle , Lee Laurence E. , Hogrel Jean‐Yves , Carlier Pierre G. , Thornton John S. , Vissing John , Hollingsworth Kieren G. , Straub Volker 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveLimb girdle muscular dystrophy type R9 (LGMD R9) is an autosomal recessive muscle disease for which there is currently no causative treatment. The development of putative therapies requires sensitive outcome measures for clinical trials in this slowly progressing condition. This study extends functional assessments and MRI muscle fat fraction measurements in an LGMD R9 cohort across 6 years.MethodsTwenty‐three participants with LGMD R9, previously assessed over a 1‐year period, were re‐enrolled at 6 years. Standardized functional assessments were performed including: myometry, timed tests, and spirometry testing. Quantitative MRI was used to measure fat fraction in lower limb skeletal muscle groups.ResultsAt 6 years, all 14 muscle groups assessed demonstrated significant increases in fat fraction, compared to eight groups in the 1‐year follow‐up study. In direct contrast to the 1‐year follow‐up, the 6‐min walk test, 10‐m walk or run, timed up and go, stair ascend, stair descend and chair rise demonstrated significant decline. Among the functional tests, only FVC significantly declined over both the 1‐ and 6‐year studies.InterpretationThese results further support fat fraction measurements as a primary outcome measure alongside functional assessments. The most appropriate individual muscles are the vastus lateralis, gracilis, sartorius, and gastrocnemii. Using composite groups of lower leg muscles, thigh muscles, or triceps surae, yielded high standardized response means (SRMs). Over 6 years, quantitative fat fraction assessment demonstrated higher SRM values than seen in functional tests suggesting greater responsiveness to disease progression.
Injectable Cholesterol‐Enhanced Stereocomplex Polylactide Thermogel Loading Chondrocytes for Optimized Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Wang Chenyu , Feng Naibo , Chang Fei , Wang Jincheng , Yuan Baoming , Cheng Yilong , Liu He , Yu Jiakuo , Zou Jun , Ding Jianxun , Chen Xuesi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIdeal cartilage tissue engineering requires scaffolds featuring good biocompatibility, large pore structure, high mechanical strength, as well as minimal invasion procedure. Although significant progress has been made in the development of polymer scaffolds, the construction of smart systems with all the desired properties is still emerging as a challenge. The thermogels of stereocomplex 4‐arm poly(ethylene glycol)–polylactide (PEG–PLA) (scPLAgel) and stereocomplex cholesterol‐modified 4‐arm PEG–PLA (scPLA–Cholgel) from the equimolar enantiomeric 4‐arm PEG–PLA and 4‐arm PEG–PLA–Chol, respectively, are fabricated as scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. scPLA–Cholgel shows lower critical gelation temperature, higher mechanical strength, larger pore size, better chondrocyte adhesion, and slower degradation compared to scPLAgel as the benefit of cholesterol modification, which is more appropriate for cartilage regeneration. Moreover, the preservation of morphology, biomechanical property, cartilaginous specific matrix, as well as cartilaginous gene expressions of engineered cartilage mediated by scPLA–Cholgel are proven superior to those by scPLAgel. scPLA–Cholgel serves as a promising chondrocyte carrier for cartilage tissue engineering and gives an alternative solution to clinical cartilage repair.
On the link between experimentally‐measured turbulence quantities and polymer‐induced drag reduction in pipe flows
Authors: Voulgaropoulos Victor , Zadrazil Ivan , Le Brun Niccolò , Bismarck Alexander , Markides Christos N. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the hydrodynamics of polymer‐induced drag reduction (DR) in horizontal turbulent pipe flows. We provide spatiotemporally resolved information of velocity and its gradients obtained with particle image velocimetry measurements in solutions of water with dissolved polyethylene oxide of three different molecular weights (MWs), at various dilute concentrations and with flow Reynolds numbers from 35,000 to 210,000. We find that the local magnitudes of important turbulent flow variables correlate with the measured levels of DR irrespective of the flow Reynolds number, polymer weight, and concentration. Contour maps illustrate the spatial characteristics of this correlation. A relationship between the DR and the turbulent flow variables is found. The effects of the polymer MW, its concentration, and the Reynolds number on the flow are further examined through joint probability distributions of the fluctuations of the streamwise and spanwise velocity components.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors is associated with higher infection rates in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia—A prospective international multicenter trial on behalf of the BFM‐SG and the EBMT‐PDWP
Authors: Pichler Herbert , Lawitschka Anita , Glogova Evgenia , Willasch Andre M. , von Luettichau Irene , Lehrnbecher Thomas , Matthes‐Martin Susanne , Lang Peter , Bader Peter , Sykora Karl W. , Schrum Johanna , Kremens Bernhard , Ehlert Karoline , Albert Michael H. , Kuhlen Michaela , Meisel Roland , Guengoer Tayfun , Strahm Brigitte , Gruhn Bernd , Schulz Ansgar , Woessmann Wilhelm , Poetschger Ulrike , Peters Christina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSevere infections (SI) significantly impact on non‐relapse mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We assessed 432 children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after total body irradiation based myeloablative HSCT within the multicenter ALL‐BFM‐SCT 2003 trial for SI grade 3 or higher according to common terminology criteria for adverse events. A total 172 patients experienced at least one SI. Transplantation from matched unrelated donors (MUD) was associated with any type of SI in the pre‐engraftment period (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.57; P < .001), and with any SI between day +30 and + 100 (HR: 2.91; P = .011). Bacterial (HR: 2.24; P = .041) and fungal infections (HR: 4.06; P = .057) occurred more often in the pre‐engraftment phase and viral infections more often before day +30 (HR: 2.66; P = .007) or between day +30 and + 100 (HR: 3.89; P = .002) after HSCT from MUD as compared to matched sibling donors. Chronic GvHD was an independent risk factor for any type of SI after day +100 (HR: 2.57; P < .002). We conclude that allogeneic HSCT from MUD in children and adolescents with pediatric ALL is associated with higher infection rates, which seems attributable to an intensified GvHD prophylaxis including serotherapy and methotrexate.
Comparative chemical analysis of body odor in great apes
Authors: Jänig Susann , Weiß Brigitte M. , Birkemeyer Claudia , Widdig Anja 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOlfaction is important across the animal kingdom for transferring information on, for example, species, sex, group membership, or reproductive parameters. Its relevance has been established in primates including humans, yet research on great apes still is fragmentary. Observational evidence indicates that great apes use their sense of smell in various contexts, but the information content of their body odor has not been analyzed. Our aim was therefore to compare the chemical composition of body odor in great ape species, namely Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii (Lesson, 1827), one adult male, five adult females, four nonadults), Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla (Savage, 1847), one adult male, two adult females, one nonadult), common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes (Blumenbach, 1775), four adult males, nine adult females, four nonadults), and bonobos (Pan paniscus (Schwarz, 1929), two adult males, four adult females, two nonadults). We collected 195 samples (five per individual) of 39 captive individuals using cotton swabs and analyzed them using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. We compared the sample richness and intensity, similarity of chemical composition, and relative abundance of compounds. Results show that species, age, and potentially sex have an impact on the variance between odor profiles. Richness and intensity varied significantly between species (gorillas having the highest, bonobos the lowest richness and intensity), and with age (both increasing with age). Richness and intensity did not vary between sexes. Odor samples of the same species were more similar to each other than samples of different species. Among all compounds identified some were associated with age (N = 7), sex (N = 6), and species‐related (N = 37) variance. Our study contributes to the basic understanding of olfactory communication in hominids by showing that the chemical composition of body odor varies across species and individuals, containing potentially important information for social communication.
Morphologie‐optimierte hochaktive und ‐stabile Ru/TiO2‐Katalysatoren für die selektive CO‐Methanisierung
Authors: Chen Shilong , Abdel‐Mageed Ali M. , Li Dan , Bansmann Joachim , Cisneros Sebastian , Biskupek Johannes , Huang Weixin , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRu/TiO2‐Katalysatoren sind sehr aktiv für die selektive Methanisierung von CO in CO2‐ und H2‐reichen Reformat‐Gasmischungen, werden aber während der Reaktion leicht deaktiviert. Diese Einschränkung kann mithilfe hoch‐aktiver und nicht deaktiviert werdender Ru/TiO2‐Katalysatoren über die gezielte Optimierung der Morphologie des TiO2‐Trägers überwunden werden. Anhand von hauptsächlich aus {001}‐, {100}‐ oder {101}‐facettierten Nanokristalliten bestehenden Trägern können wir zeigen, dass nach einer anfänglichen Aktivierungsperiode Ru/TiO2‐{100}‐ und Ru/TiO2‐{101}‐Katalysatoren sehr stabil sind, während Ru/TiO2‐{001} kontinuierlich deaktiviert wird. Mittels Operando/In‐situ‐Spektroskopie sowie Ex‐situ‐Charakterisierungsmethoden zeigen wir, dass dies auf Unterschiede in den Träger‐Metall‐Wechselwirkungen (MSIs) zurückzuführen ist. Die stärkeren MSIs auf den defektreichen TiO2‐{100}‐ und TiO2‐{101}‐Trägern stabilisieren nicht nur flache Ru‐Nanopartikel, im Unterschied zu den hemisphärischen Partikeln auf TiO2‐{001}, sondern führen auch zu einer elektronischen Modifikation der Ru‐Oberflächenatome, die wiederum in einer stärkeren Bindung von adsorbiertem CO auf diesen Katalysatoren resultiert.
Antibacterial, DFT and molecular docking studies of metformin complex as active material for the fabrication of copper (II) selective potentiometric sensor
Authors: Frag Eman Yossri , Mohamed Marwa E. , Mohamed Gehad G. , Fahim Elham M. 
Published: May 2019

The prepared and characterized metformin ‐copper (II) complex was used as elecroactive material for modification of a new sensitive and selective modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) for the potentiometric determination of copper (II) in water samples. The performance characteristics of MCPE were carried out. The electrode showed perfect potentiometric response for Cu (II) over concentration range of 1.0 × 10−6 – 5.0 × 10−2 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 with divalent slope value 30.8 ± 0.92 mV decade−1 over the pH range of 2–6 and exhibits fast response time of 9 s. Also, this electrode exhibited good selectivity towards Cu (II) ions with respect to other metal ions. The obtained results using the proposed electrode were in a good agreement with those obtained using the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method.
Highly functional lactic acid ring‐opened soybean polyols applied to rigid polyurethane foams
Authors: Herrán Rodrigo , Amalvy Javier Ignacio , Chiacchiarelli Leonel Matías 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTWe synthesized polyols with high hydroxyl functionalities (FOHs), between 9.0 and 12.6, and characterized them with differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and size exclusion chromatography after we parametrically studied the ring‐opening reaction of epoxidized soybean oil with lactic acid (LA) as a function of the reaction temperature and lactic acid equivalent fraction (fLA). An increase of only 20°C in the reaction temperature (from 80 to 100°C) caused changes in the hydroxyl number (+17.8%), FOH (–25%), viscosity (–14.0%), and oligomeric content (–24.1%). fLA mostly affected the ring‐opening yield, and only for fLA values above 0.4 was possible to achieve values higher than 80%. Rigid polyurethane foams (rPUFs) were synthesized and characterized with scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and compressive mechanical tests. rPUFs with a very high specific compressive strength (7.8 kPa kg–1 m3) were synthesized solely with biobased soybean oil. DMA revealed a compromised relationship between the specific compressive strength and its temperature dependence. To increase the first one, the most relevant method was to increase FOH. Instead, to increase the latter one, the OH number had to be maximized. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47959.
Environmentally friendly synthesis and photopolymerization of acrylated methyl ricinoleate for biomedical applications
Authors: Cakir Hatir Pinar , Cayli Gokhan 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we aimed to develop an efficient synthesis and photopolymerization of acrylated methyl ricinoleate (AMR) for biomedical applications. During the first step of the synthesis, methyl ricinoleate (MR) and boric acid were esterified via azeotropic distillation in toluene. Afterward, MR–boric acid ester was acrylated with acrylic acid at 165 °C via a boric acid ester acidolysis reaction. The bulk photopolymerization of AMR was performed in the presence of the photoinitiator 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenyl acetophenone (DMPA) under 365 nm UV irradiation. Even with the use of 0.4% DMPA, a 35% monomer conversion was achieved within 30 min. Moreover, AMR, the plant‐oil‐based monomer, was also copolymerized with N‐isopropyl acrylamide to obtain thermoresponsive hydrogels on the glass surface for biomedical applications. The synthesized materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, and thermal characterization via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The surfaces were characterized by FTIR and Energy Dispersive X‐ray (EDS) spectroscopy. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47969.
Counting with the invisible record? The role of LiDAR in the interpretation of megalithic landscapes in south‐western Iberia (Extremadura, Alentejo and Beira Baixa)
Authors: Cerrillo‐Cuenca Enrique , Bueno‐Ramírez Primitiva 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe megalithic sites from southwest Iberia represent one of the largest clusters of prehistoric monuments in Europe from the Neolithic and Copper Age (fifth and third millennia cal bc). Unlike other regions from western Europe, there has not been a recent effort to map the distribution of these kinds of burials across this vast territory. Therefore, this article aims to collect geographic information from three regions of southwest Iberia (Alentejo and Beira Baixa from Portugal and Extremadura from Spain) and to compare the archaeological evidence between different landscape units. We have mapped already known megaliths (ca 2000) and settlements (ca 1500) in this area. Moreover, through the interpretation of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) datasets, we have identified new walled enclosures and megaliths in the Extremadura region (Spain), the only one of the three where LiDAR data are available. The new data reveals new connections between settlements, burials and other archaeological evidence. Finally, we discuss the impact that these new data have on a new overall interpretation of megalithic landscapes from the Iberian Peninsula, stressing also the potential risks that the massive application of remote sensing can have in the production of archaeological knowledge.
Functional hemodynamics assessment during endovascular Tibio‐pedal retrograde intervention of peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Kwan Tak W. , Parikh Sahil , Patel Apurva , Htun Wah Wah , Shah Sooraj , Huang Yili , Liou Michael , Ruzsa Zoltan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to use a novel technique to measure the functional hemodynamics of peripheral arterial lesions during endovascular interventions.BackgroundFunctional hemodynamics has not been thoroughly evaluated during endovascular interventions. The aim of our study is to evaluate the feasibility and the potential benefits of pedal pressures measurements from tibio‐pedal access.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 100 consecutive patients who underwent endovascular interventions via tibio‐pedal artery access between October 3, 2018 and December 15, 2018. Baseline and postintervention pedal pressures from the pedal sheaths were measured. We also evaluated the pedal‐brachial index (PBI) which is defined as the pedal sheath pressure divided by the simultaneously brachial cuff pressure. We compared baseline pedal pressures, postintervention pedal pressures, baseline PBI, postintervention PBI, % change of PBI ([postintervention PBI minus baseline PBI]/baseline PBI), and resting ankle‐brachial index (ABI) versus baseline PBI in this cohort of patients.ResultsAll 100 patients had successful tibio‐pedal artery access. Baseline pedal pressure was 70 + 30 mmHg with post intervention pedal pressure of 133 + 27 mmHg (p < .001). Baseline PBI was 0.75 + 0.24 with post intervention PBI of 1.09 + 0.19 (p < .001). The correlation coefficient of resting ABI vs. baseline PBI was 0.55. The % change of PBI was 63.2 + 52.4%. There was significant improvement of postintervention PBI when compared to baseline PBI in the majority of patients.ConclusionsObtaining pedal pressures and PBI from tibio‐pedal access can be a feasible tool for endovascular interventions. This simple technique can provide us important functional hemodynamics information before and after peripheral revascularization.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Tin Sulfide Nanocubes as High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Bree Gerard , Geaney Hugh , Ryan Kevin M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report the use of assemblies of SnS nanocubes as lithium‐ion battery anodes. The particles are deposited in dense, conductive thin films with high gravimetric capacity using electrophoretic deposition, negating the requirement for binders or conductive additives. Although SnS nanocube ensembles display both alloying and conversion modes, a significant benefit to capacity retention during long‐term cycling was observed by limiting the upper cutoff voltage to 1 V. In this alloying‐only regime that is more realistic for practical use, a discharge capacity of 552 mAh g−1 was delivered with a loss of only 0.08 % per cycle observed over the 400 charge/discharge cycles. We further show that the Li2S formation that occurs in the first lithiation acts as a buffer to the expansion and contraction, though crucially this effect is optimized if this species is not cycled further (>1 V). The SnS nanocube electrodes are tested in both half‐cell (HC) and full‐cell (FC) configurations and are analyzed by using ex situ SEM and EIS analysis. Finally, the electrophoretic deposition of SnS nanocubes onto a 3D textured current collector is demonstrated to increase the mass loadings.
Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐Derived FeSe2@Carbon Embedded into Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Sheets with Binary Conductive Networks for Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Wang Jian , Kong Fanjun , Chen Jiyun , Han Zhengsi , Tao Shi , Qian Bin , Jiang Xuefan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMetal selenides have been widely studied as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, owing to the excellent electrochemical performance. However, the large volume change and poor conductivity may lead to unsatisfactory cycling stability and rate capability. Herein, the FeSe2/carbon matrix nanoparticles embedded into N‐doped graphene sheets (NGS) are designed and synthesized through a two‐step method. When employed as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, the FeSe2/C@NGS composites exhibit high reversible specific capacities and excellent cycling stabilities of 757.0 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1 and 593.8 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 2000 mA g−1. The carbon matrix and NGS construct binary conductive networks, which not only improve the inner conductivity of FeSe2 and conductivity between FeSe2/C nanoparticles, but also provide elastic buffer space to sustain the structural strain and accommodate the volume expansion and contraction of electrodes during the discharge and charge process. Furthermore, the reversible redox reaction of FeSe2 involves the formation of Fe and Li2Se during the cycling process. This work may open a new avenue for electrode material synthesis methodologies using metal‐organic frameworks as a template and to explore the lithium storage mechanisms of metal selenides for next‐generation batteries.
Functionalized Fluorophosphonium Ions
Authors: Olaru Marian , Schröder Artem , Albers Lena , Duvinage Daniel , Mebs Stefan , Beckmann Jens 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEfforts to prepare an elusive donor‐free phosphenium ion, [R2P]+, led us to synthesize functionalized fluorophosphonium cations of the type [R2P(F)X]+ (X=SiEt3, H, F), which were obtained from the related neutral fluorophosphines R2PF and R2PF3 upon protonation and reaction with solvated [Et3Si]+ ions (R=2,6‐Mes2C6H3). The hypothetical reductive elimination of [R2P(F)SiEt3]+ and [R2P(F)H]+ affording [R2P]+, Et3SiF and HF, respectively, was calculated to be endothermic by 40.1 and 190.6 kJ mol−1.
Cloud SLA negotiation and re‐negotiation: An ontology‐based context‐aware approach
Authors: Labidi Taher , Mtibaa Achraf , Gaaloul Walid , Gargouri Faiez 
Published: May 2019

SummaryService Level Agreement (SLA) has recently garnered increasing attention in cloud computing due to its capability in the definition and the monitoring of the Quality of Service (QoS). SLA is generally generated following a process of negotiation in which the client chooses a subset of clauses among choices predefined by the provider on a “take it or leave it” basis. However, the heterogeneity between client requests and provider offers may result in inappropriate SLA. In addition, the cloud service context may change over the time, which causes a client requirement adjustment, and therefore, the SLA becomes unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a cloud SLA negotiation and re‐negotiation approach. Our aim is to ameliorate the SLA negotiation phase by adding the ability to integrate a semantic mapping between client requests and provider offers to generate a suitable SLA document. Moreover, our approach includes a context‐aware system to adapt the SLA throughout reasoning techniques and automatically ensure the re‐negotiation. We develop a prototype, and we test its performance. The results of a case study also show the efficiency of our approach.