bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the differences and influencing factors between top-down and opinion-reflective approaches regarding public acceptance of final disposal of soils removed after the Fukushima nuclear accident
Authors: Murakami Michio , Takada Momo , Shibata Yukihide , Shirai Kosuke , Ohnuma Susumu , Yasutaka Tetsuo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The final disposal of the soils removed from the area affected by the Fukushima nuclear accident will be carried out by 2045. This study investigated how acceptance of final disposal differed between top-down, opinion-aggregative, and opinion-reflective approaches to the decision outcome, and what factors influenced these differences. In 2022, a survey of 3000 randomly selected participants living outside Fukushima Prefecture was conducted using the postal method, with responses obtained from 871 consenting participants. The proportions of respondents who agreed to accept the final disposal were 22.6, 37.6 and 56.9% for the top-down, opinion-aggregative, and opinion-reflective approaches, respectively. The preferences for both opinion-aggregative and opinion-reflective approaches showed significant positive associations with interest in final disposal and social benefits, and significant negative associations with intergenerational expectations and age. This study highlights the importance of procedural fairness in determining final disposal sites, and identifies factors that contribute to greater acceptance through this process.
Tritium concentration in monthly precipitation in Okinawa and Kagoshima, southern Japan
Authors: Akata Naofumi , Ohno Kaho , Kuwata Haruka , Kheamsiri Khemruthai , Yoshinaka Yukiko , Yamada Ryohei , Kitayama Yuisa , Aizawa Sana , Nakasone Shunya , Ishimine Akinobu , Tanaka Masahiro , Shiroma Yoshitaka , Tokonami Shinji , Furukawa Masahide 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study aimed at understanding the background concentration level of tritium in precipitation in southern Japan, where precipitation samples were collected monthly in 2022 in Okinawa and Kagoshima. Tritium concentration in monthly precipitation collected in Okinawa since 2014 ranged from 0.05 to 0.39 Bq per L with the mean value (2015–2022) of 0.15 ± 0.06 Bq per L. That of Kagoshima since 2022 ranged from &lt; 0.11 to 0.58 Bq per L with the mean value of 0.30 ± 0.13 Bq per L. Our observed values were summarized with reported values, from which a clear latitude effect for tritium concentration was found in precipitation of southern Japan.
An efficient and simple method for enriching metaphase cells for dicentric chromosome assay
Authors: Nakayama Ryo , Tran Thanh-Mai , Anderson Donovan , Takebayashi Kai , Goh Valerie Swee Ting , Fujishima Yohei , Miura Tomisato 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture, a lower mitotic index (MI) is seen in whole blood (WB) culture, but WB can be directly used for culture in dicentric chromosome assay (DCA). The purpose of this study is to develop a simple protocol for metaphase enrichment to improve the metaphase frequency of WB culture. Fixed cells were obtained after performing WB and PBMC cultures for DCA after conventional fixation. An additional low-speed centrifugation of 200 × g for 1 min was performed, separating the fixed cells of WB culture into a pellet and a supernatant fraction. The additional low-speed centrifugation enriched metaphase frequency and provided an MI comparable to the PBMC culture in the pellet fraction. Our study suggests that it is possible to increase the number of metaphase cells on slides using the slow centrifugation method, which could contribute to the efficiency of chromosome aberration analysis in biodosimetry.
Development of compact electrolytic enrichment system for environmental tritium analysis
Authors: Tamari Toshiya , Shima Nagayoshi , Yamanaka Junji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The new electrolytic enrichment system with compact glass cell was designed. Three (Ni–Fe–Ni) electrodes are used, and electrolysis is carried out at a rate of 2.45 g per h with constant current density of 120 mA per cm2. This enrichment system allows the enrichment for small, limited sample volumes (e.g. Tritiated Water (HTO) recovered from air). With an initial water volume of 100 ml, the tritium enrichment factor of 7 within 2 days and a detection limit of 0.12 Bq per L can be obtained by Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC) measurement for 1000 minutes, which is better than the direct measurement with 50 ml sample water using large vial. It is also possible to perform the high enrichment process. The initial sample volume of 700 ml enriched for 12 days by manual refilling yields a tritium enrichment factor of around 43 and detection limit of 0.02 Bq per L for 1000 minutes of LSC measurement.
Radiocarbon in aquatic biota samples in a brackish lake adjacent to a reprocessing plant in Rokkasho, Japan, from 2006 to 2022
Authors: Ueda Shinji , Kakiuchi Hideki , Hasegawa Hidenao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The commercial spent-nuclear-fuel reprocessing plant in Rokkasho, Japan, is scheduled for completion in 2024. Its fuel rods were cut into segments and chemically processed between 2006 and 2008, as part of the plant’s test operations. During the test, 14C (4.4 TBq) were discharged from the plant’s main stack into the atmosphere. At reprocessing plants, 14C has the largest contribution to the effective dose to the public among the nuclides released into the atmosphere, and it important to understand the concentration distribution and impact of 14C in the surrounding environment. This study conducts a continuous monitoring of 14C in aquatic biota samples around the plant from 2006 to 2022. The 14C concentration in most samples was determined at the background level, and the effect of the plant was slightly recognized in some samples. Moreover, the specific radioactivity of 14C decreased faster than the theoretical decay from 0.242 to 0.225 Bq-g C−1.
Investigation of short-term chemical changes in stable ruthenium added to soil by using X-ray absorption fine-structure analysis
Authors: Unno Yusuke , Takeda Akira 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Radioactive ruthenium may be accidentally released from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plants to the surrounding environment. However, research on the chemical behavior of radioactive Ru in the environment is limited, and the complex chemical properties of this element complicate the application of extraction methods for the analyses of its chemical forms. To obtain basic information regarding the outcome of radioactive Ru in the environment, we investigated the changes in the form of stable Ru added to soil through X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) analysis. This study uses ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4), ruthenium dioxide (RuO2), ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate (Ru(NO)(NO3)3) and ruthenium chloride (RuCl3) as test sources. These are added to ultrapure water, soil solution or fresh soil samples, which are analyzed using XAFS immediately or 5 days after Ru addition. The Ru K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra acquired immediately after Ru addition differed with respect to the source. The XAFS results suggest that RuO4 immediately changes to tetravalent form after deposition from air to soil. For RuCl3, the ionic structure in the vicinity of Ru is affected by the soil even if the valence does not change immediately. By contrast, RuO2 and Ru(NO)(NO3)3 are highly stable in soil. The results show that the chemical forms of RuO2 and Ru(NO)(NO3)3 added to the soil solution and soil are retained for 5 days, whereas those of RuCl3 and RuO4 are affected by the soil solution and soil within a short period. These results emphasize the need to focus on the chemical form of Ru deposits and the form change after Ru addition when investigating the environmental fate of radioactive Ru.
A room of one’s own? The consequences of living density on individual well-being and social anomie
Authors: Hadziabdic Sinisa , Kohl Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The global housing affordability crisis and COVID shutdowns have put living space inequality back on the political agenda. Drawing on Durkheim’s theory of anomie and density, this paper argues that on how many square meters a society lives matters for how stable or anomic it develops. Using data from the Swiss Household Panel, we examine the selection, short-term, and dynamic effects associated with transitions to overcrowded and under-occupied dwellings. We conceptualize these transitions as disruptive events that require a reconfiguration of personal and social equilibria in individuals’ lives. While overcrowded housing leads to a heightening of emotional states and more tense internal household dynamics, people respond by adjusting their leisure activities and restructuring their support networks from strong to weak ties. Conversely, moving to an under-occupied dwelling is associated with melancholic emotional stabilization, but improves household balance and leads to consolidation of the core network of relatives at the expense of outer social circles. We conclude that the classical characterization of anomie as a mismatch between personal means and societal ends should be understood as a multifaceted phenomenon in which meso-level social networks can be a crucial means to cope with disruptions that arise at other levels.
Rapid disease progression of myelodysplastic syndrome is reflected in transcriptomic and functional abnormalities of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Than Hein , Fan Xiubo , Cheung Alice M S , Hwang William Y K , Poon Zhiyong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are important regulators of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). When transformed into a dysplastic phenotype, MSCs contribute to hematopoietic diseases such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but it remains unclear if there are specific properties in MDS-MSCs that contribute to the disease course. To understand this, we investigated MDS-MSCs from fast (MDSfast) vs slow (MDSslow) progressing disease groups and discovered differences between these groups. MDSfast-MSCs secrete more inflammatory factors, support myeloid-skewed differentiation of HSPCs, and importantly, show poorer response to hypomethylation as a key differentiator in GSEA analysis. When exposed to long-term in vivo stimulation with primary MDSfast-MSCs-based scaffolds, healthy donor (HD) HSPCs show elevated NF-κB expression, similar to leukemic HSPCs in MDS. Those “MDSfast-MSCs-primed” HD-HSPCs continue to show enhanced engraftment rates in secondary MDS-MSC-based scaffolds, providing evidence for the microenvironmental selection pressures in MDS toward leukemic HSPCs. Together, our data point toward a degree of co-development between MSCs and HSPCs during the progression of MDS, where changes in MDS-MSCs take place mainly at the transcriptomic and functional levels. These unique differences in MDS-MSCs can be utilized to improve disease prognostication and implement targeted therapy for unmet clinical needs.
Ocular outcomes of toxoplasmosis in the Amazon–Cerrado transition zone, Brazil: a population-based study
Authors: Salamoni Ana Paula , da Costa Kelly Clair de Moura , Giachini Fernanda R , Bressan Alecsander F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Eye damage represents one of the gravest outcomes of toxoplasmosis, potentially leading to varying degrees of vision impairment, up to and including blindness. Monitoring ophthalmological indicators in individuals affected by toxoplasmosis, alongside understanding its impact on visual acuity, can motivate the scientific community to advocate for strategies to prevent vision loss associated with toxoplasmosis.

Methods
This is a retrospective study analysing medical records and clinical documentation from patients at an ophthalmological clinic in a city located at the intersection of the Cerrado and Amazon Forest biomes.

Results
It was noted that &gt;20% of patients exhibited visual acuity ≤20/200, a condition medically recognized as blindness for the affected eye. Our study highlights a significant portion of individuals experiencing lasting visual impairments due to toxoplasmosis.

Conclusions
These findings remain obscured by the existing national guidelines, which only mandate reporting for congenital and gestational toxoplasmosis cases, thereby overlooking sporadic manifestations and their consequential effects. The effort to identify ophthalmologic consequences is crucial both for personalized clinical care and for shaping national guidelines for managing toxoplasmosis.
Entomological investigation after an outbreak of dengue at the riverside of Rio Doce, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
Authors: Rezende Helder Ricas , Vicente Creuza Rachel , Chahad-Ehlers Samira , Cardoso Orlei Amaral , Cerutti Crispim , Romano Camila Malta , de Souza Caio Santos , Caleiro Giovana Santos , Guedes Bruno Luiz Miranda , Ferreira Lucas Mendes , de Alencar Filomena Euridice Carvalho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In 2019, a dengue outbreak involving Aedes albopictus occurred in a rural area of Espírito Santo, Brazil, motivating our study in Sooretama and Linhares.

Methods
We set traps to sample immature mosquito larvae at 40 sites, with weekly inspections from July 2022 to January 2023. Adult specimens were collected monthly at 19 sites, each collection lasting 15 min. The collections were performed during daylight using a Castro vacuum device, a small electric vacuum suction device, a net capture device and insect cages. We conducted molecular analyses of adult Aedes to identify arbovirus infection.

Results
Among 20 217 immature forms, we identified Aedes aegypti (n=16 340), Aedes albopictus (n=3403), Culex quinquefasciatus (n=426) and Limatus durhami Theobald 1901 (n=48). Of the 3026 adult specimens, there were C. quinquefasciatus (n=2857), A. aegypti (n=141) and A. albopictus (n=28). Each site had an average of 159 adult specimens, 16 per house. Among the 159 specimens, 150 were C. quinquefasciatus. The average frequency of adult A. aegypti per house was 1.2 (0.08 per minute of collection). Adult Aedes were not infected.

Conclusions
Entomological surveillance should consider A. albopictus and A. aegypti in rural areas, providing proper vector control strategies to prevent the spread of arboviruses.
Epigenetics Embedding of Oral Feeding Skill Development in Preterm Infants
Authors: Griffith Thao , White-Traut Rosemary , Tell Dina , Green Stefan J. , Janusek Linda 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Preterm infants face challenges to feed orally, which may lead to failure to thrive. Oral feeding skill development requires intact neurobehaviors. Early life stress results in DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2, which may disrupt neurobehaviors. Yet, the extent to which early life stress impairs oral feeding skill development and the biomechanism whereby this occurs remains unknown. Our team is conducting an NIH funded study (K23NR019847, 2022-2024) to address this knowledge gap.

Purpose:
To describe an ongoing study protocol to determine the extent to which early life stress, reflected by DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2 promoter regions, compromises oral feeding skill development.

Methods:
This protocol employs a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Preterm infants born between 26 and 34 weeks gestational age have been enrolled. We evaluate early life stress, DNA methylation, cortisol reactivity, neurobehaviors, and oral feeding skill development during neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization and at 2-week post-discharge.

Results:
To date, we have enrolled 70 infants. We have completed the data collection. Currently, we are in the data analysis phase of the study, and expect to disseminate the findings in 2025.

Implications for Practice and Research:
The findings from this study will serve as a foundation for future clinical and scientific inquiries that support oral feeding and nutrition, reduce post-discharge feeding difficulties and lifelong risk of maladaptive feeding behaviors and poor health outcomes. Findings from this study will also provide further support for the implementation of interventions to minimize stress in the vulnerable preterm infant population.
Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Outcomes after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Narayanan Rajkishen , Tarawneh Omar H. , Dalton Jonathan , Miller Mark , Oris Robert J. , Issa Tariq Z , Meade Matthew , Pohl Nicholas B. , Tomlak Alexa , Mehta Aayush , Witt Logan , Bhamidipati Abhi , Ponna Anish , Berthiaume Emily , Kaye Ian D. , Kurd Mark F. , Canseco Jose A. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Kepler Christopher K. 
Published: November 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective Cohort

Objective.
To evaluate the impact of having a history of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) on postoperative outcomes.

Summary of Background Data.
With an aging population and rates of obesity increasing, comorbidities that influence patient safety are increasingly common. One frequently overlooked comorbidity is OSA which affects nearly 24% of the population. Despite its prevalence, the impact of OSA on outcomes following ACDF is poorly understood.

Methods.
A retrospective analysis of patients >18 years who underwent 1-4 level ACDF at an academic medical center from 2014-2020 was performed. Patient’s age, sex, BMI, CCI, hypertension, diabetes, and levels fused were propensity matched in a 3:1 fashion. Outcomes assessed included inpatient complications, 30 and 90-day ED visits, 30 and 90-day readmissions, reoperations, and one-year PROMs.

Results.
A total of 344 ACDF patients (86 OSA, 258 No OSA) were included. 30-day ED visits were higher among the OSA compared to the non-OSA group (5.85% vs 0%, P=0.001). Among ED visits, there were 2 patients with pneumonia, 1 with dysphagia, and 1 with extremity weakness, none of which warranted readmission. ED visits equalized in the 30–90-day window. There were no significant differences in inpatient complications, LOS, discharge disposition, readmissions, reoperations, and one-year PROMs.

Conclusion.
Patients with a history of OSA underwent ACDF without an increased risk of postoperative complications, readmissions, or reoperations and experienced a complication rate much lower than previously suggested by current literature. OSA patients experienced similar improvements in PROMs at 1-year follow-up. Surgeons should counsel OSA patients regarding the increased risk of 30-day ED visits. But overall, patients can expect safe and equivalent outcomes compared to non-OSA patients which lends support for safe outpatient surgery in this population.
Changes in Physical Function After Long Corrective Fusion to the Ilium for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Watanabe Kei , Ohya Wataru , Hatsushikano Shun , Shimoda Haruka , Hasegawa Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2024

Study Design.
Prospective cohort study.

Objective.
To investigate longitudinal changes in physical functional status after long corrective fusion in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) during 2 years of follow-up.

Summary of Background Data.
In ASD surgery, reports assessing physical functional status in long-term observations for more than a year are lacking. Assessing whether patients maintain significant improvements in their physical status with a longer follow-up duration is crucial.

Methods.
A total of 70 female patients with ASD who underwent long corrective fusion of ≥ 7 segments between June 2016 and June 2022 were included in this study. Preoperative and postoperative assessments (at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years) included radiographic spinopelvic parameters, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using the Scoliosis Research Society Outcome Instrument-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire, and physical function tests conducted by a physical therapist.

Results.
All domains of the SRS-22 improved the most in the first 6 months after surgery (P <0.0001); however, the Pain and Function domains continued to improve gradually until 2 years postoperatively. Regarding trunk dynamic balance, the timed up-and-go test score improved gradually until 2 years postoperatively (P <0.0001). Regarding gait performance, gait speed and the 6-minute walking test improved the most in the first 6 months after surgery (P <0.01) and almost reached a plateau 1 year postoperatively.

Conclusions.
Long corrective fusion for ASD significantly enhanced physical function and HRQOL within 2 years, with the greatest improvement in the first 6 months after surgery. These findings underscore the importance of increasing activities of daily living through early exercise instruction, as well as preventive measures to avoid early surgery-related complications.

Level of Evidence.
3
Clinical Subtype Trajectories in Sepsis Patients Admitted to the ICU: A Secondary Analysis of an Observational Study
Authors: Slim Marleen A. , van Amstel Rombout B. E. , Müller Marcella C.A. , Cremer Olaf L. , Vlaar Alexander P. J. , van der Poll Tom , Wiersinga W. Joost , Seymour Christopher W. , van Vught Lonneke A. ,   MARS Consortium
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Sepsis is an evolving process and proposed subtypes may change over time. We hypothesized that previously established sepsis subtypes are dynamic, prognostic of outcome, and trajectories are associated with host response alterations.

DESIGN:
A secondary analysis of two observational critically ill sepsis cohorts: the Molecular diAgnosis and Risk stratification of Sepsis (MARS) and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV).

SETTING:
ICUs in the Netherlands and United States between 2011–2014 and 2008–2019, respectively.

PARTICIPANTS:
Patient admission fulfilling the Sepsis-3 criteria upon ICU admission adjudicated to one of four previously identified subtypes, comprising 2,416 admissions in MARS and 10,745 in MIMIC-IV.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Subtype stability and the changes per subtype on days 2, 4 and 7 of ICU admission were assessed. Next, the associated between change in clinical subtype and outcome and host response alterations.

RESULTS:
In MARS, upon ICU admission, 6% (n = 150) of the patient admissions were α-type, 3% (n = 70) β-type, 55% (n = 1317) γ-type, and 36% (n = 879) δ-type; in MIMIC-IV, this was α = 22% (n = 2398), β = 22% (n = 2365), γ = 31% (n = 3296), and δ = 25% (2686). Overall, prevalence of subtypes was stable over days 2, 4, and 7. However, 28–56% (MARS/MIMIC-IV) changed from α on ICU admission to any of the other subtypes on day 2, 33–71% from β, 57–32% from γ, and 50–48% from δ. On day 4, overall subtype persistence was 33–36%. γ or δ admissions remaining in, or transitioning to, subtype γ on days 2, 4, and 7 exhibited lower mortality rates compared with those remaining in, or transitioning to, subtype δ. Longitudinal host response biomarkers reflecting inflammation, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction were most altered in the δ-δ group, followed by the γ-δ group, independent of the day or biomarker domain.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
In two large cohorts, subtype change to δ was associated with worse clinical outcome and more aberrant biomarkers reflecting inflammation, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring sepsis subtypes and their linked host responses for improved prognostication and personalized treatment strategies.