bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle factors and health‐related quality of life in adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Fang Fang , Hudson Melissa M. , Huang I‐Chan , Bhakta Nickhill , Ness Kirsten K. , Brinkman Tara M. , Klosky James , Lu Lu , Chen Fan , Ojha Rohit P. , Lanctot Jennifer Q. , Robison Leslie L. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSurvivors of childhood cancer report poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Modifiable lifestyle factors such as nutrition and physical activity represent opportunities for interventions to improve HRQOL.METHODSThe authors examined the association between modifiable lifestyle factors and HRQOL among 2480 adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Dietary intake, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption were assessed through questionnaires. Weight and height were measured in the clinic. HRQOL was evaluated using the Medical Outcome Study 36‐Item Short Form Survey. The physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and 8 domain scores of HRQOL were calculated. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate regression coefficients (β) associated with HRQOL differences.RESULTSBeing physically active (PCS β = 3.10; and MCS β = 1.48) was associated with higher HRQOL whereas current cigarette smoking (PCS β = −2.30; and MCS β = −6.49) and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) (PCS β = −3.29; and MCS β = −1.61) were associated with lower HRQOL in both the physical and mental domains. Better diet (Healthy Eating Index‐2015) was associated with higher physical HRQOL (PCS β = 1.79). Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with higher physical (PCS β = 1.14) but lower mental (MCS β = −1.13) HRQOL (all P <.05). Adherence to multiple healthy lifestyle factors demonstrated a linear trend with high scores in both physical and mental HRQOL (highest vs lowest adherence: PCS β = 7.60; and MCS β = 5.76 [P for trend, <.0001]).CONCLUSIONSThe association between healthy lifestyle factors and HRQOL is cumulative, underscoring the importance of promoting multiple healthy lifestyles to enhance HRQOL in long‐term survivors of childhood cancer.
Is Raman Optical Activity Spectroscopy Sensitive to β‐Turns in Proteins? Secondary Structure and Side‐Chain Dependence
Authors: Mensch Carl , Johannessen Christian 
Published: September 2018

Abstractβ‐turns are essential for the structure and function of proteins. The spectroscopic technique Raman optical activity (ROA) has been suggested to be sensitive to such structural elements of proteins in solution. Three spectral features have been reported to mark β‐turns in protein ROA spectra: being a negative band at 1220 cm−1, positive intensity around 1290 cm−1 and negative intensity around 1340–1380 cm−1. In this work, density functional theory calculations demonstrated that these assignments are inaccurate as these spectral regions are not robust and sense the exact secondary structure surrounding the β‐turn as well. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the amino acid side‐chains affect the exact ROA patterns which can direct future research to perform a systematic analysis of the contributions of the side‐chains.
RNAi Screening: Automated High‐Throughput Liquid RNAi Screening in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Jagadeesan Sakthimala , Hakkim Abdul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRNAi is a powerful reverse genetics tool that has revolutionized genetic studies in model organisms. The bacteriovorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can be genetically manipulated by feeding it an Escherichia coli strain that expresses a double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) corresponding to a C. elegans gene, which leads to systemic silencing of the gene. This unit describes protocols for performing an automated high‐throughput RNAi screen utilizing a full‐genome C. elegans RNAi library. The protocols employ liquid‐handling robotics and 96‐well plates. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Burnout amongst clinical and counselling psychologist: The role of early maladaptive schemas and coping modes as vulnerability factors
Authors: Simpson Susan , Simionato Gabriella , Smout Matthew , van Vreeswijk Michiel F. , Hayes Chris , Sougleris Christina , Reid Corinne 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPsychologists are subject to multiple competing emotional demands that increase the risk of burnout. Research has demonstrated that burnout arises from both organizational and personal factors, including psychologists' personal beliefs and coping. Preliminary research indicates that early maladaptive schemas (EMS) are associated with high burnout, yet, to date, the role of EMS and associated coping responses (maladaptive coping modes [MCM]) in predicting high burnout amongst psychologists has not been investigated. Four hundred forty‐three psychologists completed a self‐report online questionnaire comprising the Maslach Burnout Inventory—emotional exhaustion scale (EE), Young Schema Questionnaire, and Schema Mode Inventory. The two most common EMS amongst psychologists were unrelenting standards and self‐sacrifice. There was substantial indication of burnout, with 18.3% in the high range and 29.6% in the moderate range of EE. The most common MCM were detached protector and detached self‐soother. Controlling for demographics and job demands, EMS accounted for an additional 18% variance in EE. MCM accounted for an additional 6% beyond the variance explained by demographics, job demands, and EMS. Practical recommendations are suggested to reduce psychologist burnout.
Modeling Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease in Mice Using Allogeneic Bone Marrow and Splenocyte Transfer
Authors: Schroeder Mark A. , Ashami Kidist , Staser Karl 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis unit describes a method for allogeneic bone marrow and splenocyte transfer for the modeling of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) in mice. Preclinical models provide clinically relevant platforms for mechanistic and therapeutic studies that may inform the treatment of patients suffering from cGVHD, a common and potentially severe complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Most murine models of cGVHD depend on the transfer of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐mismatched bone marrow and whole splenocytes (or purified T cells) into an irradiated recipient. The bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells necessary to reconstitute the irradiated host hematopoietic system, while splenocytes contain T cells that mediate cGVHD. Of note, specific mouse strains, splenocyte dose, bone marrow quantity, and irradiation doses vary widely across different cGVHD models. Here we describe donor bone marrow and splenocyte preparation, recipient irradiation and intravenous injection of donor cells, and clinical monitoring for disease emergence and progression. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Environmentally and Industrially Friendly Recycling of Platinum Nanoparticles Through Electrochemical Dissolution–Electrodeposition in Acid‐Free/Dilute Acidic Electrolytes
Authors: Sharma Raghunandan , Gyergyek Sašo , Andersen Shuang Ma 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA process to recycle platinum from industrial waste, for example, spent catalysts from polymer fuel cells and electrolyzers, through potentiodynamic dissolution along with potentiostatic electrodeposition in dilute acidic/acid‐free baths has been explored. During potentiodynamic dissolution, owing to Ostwald ripening, redeposition of the dissolved Pt species on source nanoparticles becomes significant, leading to lower overall dissolution efficiency. Alternatively, high concentrations of Pt‐complexing agents (e.g., Cl−) are required to stabilize dissolved species through complex formation. The present process overcomes those limitations by removing the dissolved Pt species continuously through electrodepositing them in the form of Pt0 on another electrode. Such a process significantly promotes the overall reaction kinetics, and an increase in dissolution rate by a factor of two or more has been observed in non‐complexing electrolytes. The process may be implemented for environmentally and industrially friendly recycling of Pt in dilute acidic/acid‐free baths, thus eliminating the additional steps such as electrolyte upconcentration and post‐dissolution reduction of dissolved Pt species.
Eutrophication homogenizes shallow lake macrophyte assemblages over space and time
Authors: Salgado Jorge , Sayer Carl D. , Brooks Stephen J. , Davidson Thomas A. , Goldsmith Ben , Patmore Ian R. , Baker Ambroise G. , Okamura Beth 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEutrophication is commonly implicated in the reduction in macrophyte species richness in shallow lakes. However, the extent to which other more nuanced measures of macrophyte diversity, such as assemblage heterogeneity, are impacted concurrently by eutrophication over space and time and the joint influences of other factors (e.g., species invasions and connectivity) remains relatively poorly documented. Using a combination of contemporary and paleoecological data, we examine how eutrophication influences macrophyte assemblage heterogeneity and how nutrient enrichment interacts with watercourse connectivity, lake surface area, and relative zebra mussel abundance over space (within and among lakes) and time (decades to centuries) at the landscape scale. The study system is the Upper Lough Erne, Northern Ireland, UK, which is composed of a large main lake and several smaller satellite lakes that vary in their hydrological connectivity to the main lake. By applying homogeneity analysis of multivariate dispersions and partial redundancy analysis, we demonstrate that contemporary lake macrophyte heterogeneity and species richness are reduced in lakes with intensified eutrophication but are increased in lakes with greater zebra mussel abundance and lake surface area. Watercourse connectivity positively influenced assemblage heterogeneity and explained larger proportions of the variation in assemblage heterogeneity than local environmental factors, whereas variation in species richness was better related to local abiotic factors. Macrophyte fossil data revealed within‐ and among‐lake assemblage homogenization post‐1960, with the main lake and connected sites showing the highest rates of homogenization due to progressive eutrophication. The long‐term and contemporary data collectively indicate that eutrophication reduces assemblage heterogeneity over time by overriding the importance of regional processes (e.g., connectivity) and exerts stronger pressure on isolated lakes. Our results suggest further that in connected lake systems, assemblage heterogeneity may be impacted more rapidly by eutrophication than species richness. This means that early effects of eutrophication in many systems may be underestimated by monitoring that focuses solely on species richness and is not performed at adequate landscape scales.
A linear mixed model framework for gene‐based gene–environment interaction tests in twin studies
Authors: Coombes Brandon J. , Basu Saonli , McGue Matt 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInteraction between genes and environments (G×E) can be well investigated in families due to the shared genes and environment among family members. However, the majority of the current tests of G×E interaction between a set of variants and an environment are only suitable for studies with unrelated subjects. In this paper, we extend several G×E interaction tests to a linear mixed model framework to study interaction between a set of correlated environments and a candidate gene in families. The correlated environments can either be modeled separately or jointly in one model. We demonstrate theoretically that the tests developed by modeling correlated environments separately are valid and present a computationally fast alternative to detect G×E interaction in families. For either strategy, we propose treating the genetic main effects as a random effect to reduce the number of main‐effect parameters and thus improve the power to detect interactions. Additionally, we propose a generalization of a test of interaction that adaptively sums the interactions using a sequential algorithm. This generalized set of tests, referred to as the sequential algorithm for the sum of powered score (Seq‐SPU) family of tests, can be expressed as a weighted version of the SPU. We find that the adaptive version of our test, Seq‐aSPU, can outperform aSPU in cases where the interactions effects are in opposite directions. We applied these methods to the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data set and found one significant gene in interaction with four psychosocial environmental factors affecting the alcohol consumption among the twins.
Weight loss, behavioral change, and structural neuroplasticity in children with obesity through a multidisciplinary treatment program
Authors: Augustijn Mireille J. C. M. , D’Hondt Eva , Leemans Alexander , Van Acker Lore , De Guchtenaere Ann , Lenoir Matthieu , Deconinck Frederik J. A. , Caeyenberghs Karen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of a multidisciplinary treatment program for children with obesity (OB) on motor competence, executive functioning (EF), and brain structure. Nineteen children with OB (7–11 years), who attended a multidisciplinary treatment program consisting of diet restriction, cognitive behavioral therapy, and physical activity, were compared with an age‐matched control group of 24 children with a healthy weight (HW), who did not follow any treatment. For both groups, anthropometric measurements and tests of motor competence and EF were administered twice, with 5 months between pretest and posttest. Additionally, children’s brain structure was assessed by performing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at the pretest and posttest, which included a T1 anatomical scan, diffusion MRI scan, and magnetization transfer imaging scan. Compared to HW controls, children with OB lost a considerable amount of their body mass (p ≤ .001) and significantly improved their balance skills (p ≤ .001), while no transfer effects of the program were observed for EF. Furthermore, the program resulted in a significant increase in total (p ≤ .001) and cerebellar (p ≤ .001) gray matter volume in children with OB, while no change was observed in the HW controls. Finally, only weak to moderate (nonsignificant) correlations could be observed between structural brain alterations, weight‐related changes, and behavioral improvements. Altogether, this is the first longitudinal study showing behavioral and structural brain alterations in response to a multidisciplinary weight loss program for children with OB. Our findings support the need for multidimensional intervention (and prevention) measures for children with OB to deal with this multifactorial health problem.
Separation of Xenon and Krypton in the Metal–Organic Frameworks M2(m‐dobdc) (M=Co, Ni)
Authors: Kapelewski Matthew T. , Oktawiec Julia , Runčevski Tomče , Gonzalez Miguel I. , Long Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe separation of Xe and Kr from air is challenging owing both to the very low atmospheric concentrations of these gases and the need for their distillation at cryogenic temperatures. Alternatively, separation processes based on adsorption could provide a less energy‐intensive route to the isolation of these gases. Here, we demonstrate that the metal–organic frameworks M2(m‐dobdc) (M=Co, Ni; m‐dobdc4−=4,6‐dioxido‐1,3‐benzenedicarboxylate) effectively separate Xe and Kr at ambient temperatures based on the different adsorption enthalpies of each gas at the coordinatively‐unsaturated M2+ sites in each material. In situ Xe‐ and Kr‐dosed powder X‐ray diffraction studies further reveal key differences in the binding of Xe and Kr within the materials. In particular, while both gases adsorb near the framework open metal sites at 200 K, much higher Xe occupancies are observed at these sites relative to Kr, corroborating a stronger interaction of the polarizing M2+ cations with Xe. Further, while krypton is only found located above the open metal sites, two additional adsorption sites are observed for xenon, correlating with the stronger adsorption of Xe over Kr in these materials. These results suggest the possible utility of employing M2(m‐dobdc) materials in the adsorptive separation of Xe and Kr.
Study of the mechanisms of crocetin‐induced differentiation and apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Moradzadeh Maliheh , Ghorbani Ahmad , Erfanian Saiedeh , Mohaddes Seyedeh Tahereh , Rahimi Hossein , karimiani Ehsan Ghayoor , Mashkani Baratali , Chiang Shih‐Chieh , El‐Khamisy Sherif F. , Tabarraei Alijan , Sadeghnia Hamid Reza 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCrocetin, the major carotenoid in saffron, exhibits potent anticancer effects. However, the antileukemic effects of crocetin are still unclear, especially in primary acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells. In the current study, the potential antipromyelocytic leukemia activity of crocetin and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Crocetin (100 µM), like standard anti‐APL drugs, all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 10 µM) and As2O
3 (arsenic trioxide, 50 µM), significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in primary APL cells, as well as NB4 and HL60 cells. The effect was associated with the decreased expressions of prosurvival genes Akt and BCL2, the multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins, ABCB1 and ABCC1 and the inhibition of tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1), while the expressions of proapoptotic genes
CASP3,
CASP9, and
BAX/BCL2 ratio were significantly increased. In contrast, crocetin at relatively low concentration (10 µM), like ATRA (1 µM) and As
2O
3 (0.5 µM), induced differentiation of leukemic cells toward granulocytic pattern, and increased the number of differentiated cells expressing CD11b and CD14, while the number of the immature cells expressing CD34 or CD33 was decreased. Furthermore, crocetin suppressed the expression of clinical marker promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor‐α (
PML/RARα) in NB4 and primary APL cells, and reduced the expression of histone deacetylase 1 (
HDAC1) in all leukemic cells. The results suggested that crocetin can be considered as a candidate for future preclinical and clinical trials of complementary APL treatment.
Comprehensive analysis of novel three‐long noncoding RNA signatures as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of human triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Fan Chun‐Ni , Ma Lei , Liu Ning 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCurrently, traditional predictors of prognosis (tumor size, nodal status, progesterone receptor [PR], estrogen receptor [ER], or human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 [HER2]) are insufficient for precise survival prediction for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been observed to exert critical functions in cancer, including in TNBC. Nevertheless, systematically tracking expression‐based lncRNA biomarkers based on the sequence data for the prediction of prognosis in TNBC has not yet been investigated. To ascertain whether biomarkers exist that can distinguish TNBC from adjacent normal tissue or nTNBC, we implemented a comprehensive analysis of lncRNA expression profiles and clinical data of 1097 BC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A total of 1510 differentially expressed lncRNAs in normal and TNBC samples were extracted. Similarly, 672 differentially expressed lncRNAs between nTNBC and TNBC samples were detected. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that three upregulated lncRNAs (AC091043.1, AP000924.1, and FOXCUT) may be of strong diagnostic value for predicting the existence of TNBC in the training and validation sets (area under the curve (AUC > 0.85). Kaplan‐Meier analysis demonstrated that the other three lncRNAs (AC010343.3, AL354793.1, and FGF10‐AS1) were associated with the prognosis of TNBC patients (P < 0.05). We used the three overall survival (OS)‐related lncRNAs to establish a three‐lncRNA signature. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that the three‐lncRNA signature was a prognostic factor independent of other clinical variables (
P < 0.01) for predicting OS in TNBC patients that could be utilized to classify patients into high‐ or low‐risk subgroups. Our results might provide efficient signatures for clinical diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of TNBC.
S100A7, Jab1, and p27kip1 expression in psoriasis and S100A7 CRISPR‐activated human keratinocyte cell line
Authors: Granata Mariagrazia , Skarmoutsou Evangelia , Gangemi Pietro , Mazzarino Maria C. , D’Amico Fabio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPsoriasis, a chronic immune‐mediated inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by dysregulated keratinocyte proliferation. The EF‐hand calcium binding protein S100A7 has been found to be overexpressed in psoriatic keratinocytes. It is know that S100A7 may interact with Jab1, a cofactor that stabilizes c‐Jun. Jab1 is known to downregulate the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 in some cancer models. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible interaction between S100A7 and Jab1 and the downstream effects on p27
Kip1 expression in normal human keratinocyte cells transfected with S100A7 CRISPR activation plasmid and in archival psoriatic skin samples. Our results showed that the upregulated S100A7 colocalizes with Jab1 at the nuclear level in transfected cells and psoriatic skin samples. We also showed a differential protein expression of Jab1 between cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments, thus suggesting Jab1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm. p27
Kip1 protein expression patterns would imply a translocation from nucleus and a subsequent degradation of this protein. The upregulation of S1007 and its interaction with Jab1 would contribute to the p27
Kip1‐dependent impaired proliferation that characterizes psoriatic skin.