bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice protein reduces DNA damage by activating the p53 pathway and stimulating endogenous antioxidant response in growing and adult rats
Authors: Liang Mingcai , Li Hui , Wang Zhengxuan , Cai Liang , Yang Lin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDReactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause DNA damage. Rice protein (RP) inhibits ROS accumulation. However, a link between the reduction of ROS‐derived DNA damage and the intake of RP is far from clear. The main objective of this study is to elucidate the effects of RPs on the reduction of DNA damage in growing and adult rats.RESULTSAn intake of RP for 2 weeks significantly reduced the hepatic accumulation of ROS and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in growing and adult rats, whereas the hepatic p53 content was markedly increased by RPs. After 2 weeks' feeding, the mRNA levels and protein expressions of p53, ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) were up‐regulated by RPs, whereas Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) expressions were markedly inhibited by RPs, resulting in more p53 being translocated into the nucleus. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2)‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) was activated by RP by reducing Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1), resulting in the up‐regulation of antioxidant expressions of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in RP groups.CONCLUSIONRice protein can exert an endogenous antioxidant activity to reduce ROS‐derived DNA damage by activating the Nrf2‐Keap1 pathway. This study suggests that the activation of the ATM‐Chk2‐p53 pathway might be one of the mechanisms exerted by RP for reducing DNA damage in growing and adult rats. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A novel identification method for CPPU‐treated kiwifruits based on images
Authors: Yan Bin , Guo Wenchuan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of exogenous plant growth regulator, for example forchlorfenuron (CPPU), on kiwifruits has become an important factor that influences kiwifruit economic efficiency and the health development of the kiwifruit industry. Owing to the slight difference in calyx shape between the kiwifruits treated with CPPU (CPPU‐treated kiwifruits) and the kiwifruits without CPPU treatment (CPPU‐untreated kiwifruits), this study aims to provide a cheap, quick, convenient, and non‐destructive method for identifying CPPU‐treated kiwifruits based on the images of kiwifruits captured at visible lights.RESULTSThe identification method includes three steps. Firstly, the kiwifruit was extracted from the background by using Otsu algorithm, hole filling operation and ‘bwareaopen’ function. Secondly, the calyx was extracted by using corrosion, image enhancement, hole filling and closing operations. Finally, the length/width ratio of the minimum enclosing rectangle of calyx region was calculated. The kiwifruit was regarded as a CPPU‐treated kiwifruit if the length/width ratio of the rectangle was higher than 1.6. Otherwise, the kiwifruit was regarded as a CPPU‐untreated one. The method had the total identification accuracy rate of 90.0% when the kiwifruit images were captured either by utilizing a smartphone at normal lighting condition or by using an image acquisition system.CONCLUSIONThe programs run on computer and smartphone were developed, and they could realize kiwifruit identification in 0.6 s and 2 s, respectively. The study makes identifying CPPU‐treated kiwifruits in online processing be realizable, and offers a convenient method for kiwifruit consumers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Online preconcentration and determination of chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and hyaluronic acid in biological and cosmetic samples using capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Chindaphan Kanokporn , Wongravee Kanet , Nhujak Thumnoon , Dissayabutra Thasinas , Srisa‐Art Monpichar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis with large‐volume sample stacking using an electroosmotic flow pump was developed for the determination of chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. Central composite design was used to simultaneously optimize the parameters for capillary electrophoresis separation. The optimized capillary electrophoresis conditions were 200 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 200 mM butylamine, and 0.5% w/v polyethylene glycol as a background electrolyte, pH 4 and ‐16 kV. Exploiting large‐volume sample stacking using an electroosmotic flow pump, the sensitivity of the proposed capillary electrophoresis system coupled with UV detection was significantly improved with limits of detection of 3, 5, 1 mg/L for chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid, respectively. The developed method was applied to the determination of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid in cell culture media, cerebrospinal fluid, cosmetic products, and supplementary samples with highly acceptable accuracy and precision. Therefore, the proposed capillary electrophoresis approach was found to be simple, rapid, and reliable for the determination of chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid in cell culture media, cerebrospinal fluid, cosmetic, and supplementary samples without sample pretreatment.
Two‐dimensional liquid chromatography with active solvent modulation for studying monomer incorporation in copolymer dispersants
Authors: Yang Peilin , Gao Wei , Zhang Tianlan , Pursch Matthias , Luong Jim , Sattler Wesley , Singh Anurima , Backer Scott 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA pseudo‐comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography approach with size exclusion chromatography in the first dimension and gradient reversed‐phase liquid chromatography in the second dimension was successfully developed for the characterization of vinyl acetate/acrylic acid copolymers and vinyl acetate/itaconic acid/acrylic acid terpolymers. Active solvent modulation was exploited to prevent the polymer breakthrough in the second dimension separation caused by the strong solvent used in the first dimension. The conditions of the active solvent modulation valve were optimized to achieve sufficient on‐line dilution and to completely prevent polymer breakthrough without adding excessive time to the modulation cycle. Using this approach, copolymers made with different monomer ratios and processes were studied. Heterogeneous composition distribution due to insufficient monomer incorporation was detected in some of the copolymer samples. We demonstrated that with active solvent modulation, the two‐dimensional liquid chromatography approach is no longer limited to water‐soluble polymers and can be used for a broader range of polymers and copolymers.
Asymmetric risk impacts of Chinese tourists to Taiwan
Authors: Chang Chia‐Lin , Hsu Shu‐Han , McAleer Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSince 2008, when Taiwan's President Ma Ying‐Jeou relaxed the Cross‐Strait policy, China has become Taiwan's largest source of international tourism. In order to understand the risk persistence of Chinese tourists, the paper investigates the short‐run and long‐run persistence of shocks to the change rate of Chinese tourists to Taiwan, which is a novel empirical analysis. The daily data used for the empirical analysis are from January 1, 2013, to February 28, 2018. McAleer's fundamental equation in tourism finance is used to link the change rate of tourist arrivals and the change in tourist revenues. Three widely used univariate conditional volatility models, namely, GARCH(1,1), GJR(1,1), and EGARCH(1,1), are used to measure the short‐run and long‐run persistence of shocks, as well as symmetric, asymmetric, and leverage effects. Three different heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) models, HAR(1), HAR(1,7) and HAR(1,7,28), are considered as alternative mean equations for capturing a variety of long memory effects. The mean equations associated with GARCH(1,1), GJR(1,1), and EGARCH(1,1) are used to analyze the risk persistence of the change in Chinese tourists. The exponential smoothing process is used to adjust the seasonality around the trend in Chinese tourists. The empirical results show asymmetric impacts of positive and negative shocks on the volatility of the change in the number of group‐type and medical‐type tourists, whereas individual‐type tourists display a symmetric volatility pattern. Somewhat unusually, leverage effects are observed in EGARCH for medical‐type tourists, which shows a negative correlation between shocks in tourist numbers and the subsequent shocks to volatility. For both group‐type and medical‐type tourists, the asymmetric impacts on volatility show that negative shocks have larger effects than do positive shocks. The leverage effect in EGARCH for medical‐type tourists implies that larger shocks would decrease volatility in the change in the numbers of medical‐type tourists. These novel empirical results suggest that Taiwan's tourism authorities should act to prevent the negative shocks for the group‐type and medical‐type Chinese tourists to dampen the shocks that arise from having fewer Chinese tourists to Taiwan.
Festivalscapes and the visitor experience: An application of the Stimulus Organism Response approach
Authors: Chen Zhaoyu , King Brian , Suntikul Wantanee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a framework that articulates the complete tourist experience with reference to a traditional local event in Macau—A‐Ma Festival. The Stimulus Organism Response (S‐O‐R) framework is deployed to depict the festival experience as a continuous and multistage process. The festivalscape concept provides an elaboration of the festival construct by considering how attendees form enduring attitudes. The authors use the concept as a medium for conveying key festival messages and values from the attendee perspective. They identified a high incidence of spontaneous involvement in the festival. Festival attendance provided respondents with a considerable enhancement of the destination experience.
Prevalence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in the subtropical mangrove wetland ecosystem of South China Sea
Authors: Zhao Huaxian , Yan Bing , Mo Xueyan , Li Pu , Li Baoqin , Li Quanwen , Li Nan , Mo Shuming , Ou Qian , Shen Peihong , Wu Bo , Jiang Chengjian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe emerging pollutants antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are prevalent in aquatic environments such as estuary. Coastal mangrove ecosystems always serve as natural wetlands for receiving sewage which always carry ARGs. Currently, the research considering ARG distribution in mangrove ecosystems gains more interest. In this work, we investigated the diversity of ARGs in an urban estuary containing mangrove and nonmangrove areas of the South China Sea. A total of 163 ARGs that classified into 22 resistance types and six resistance mechanisms were found. ARG abundance of the samples in the estuary is between 0.144 and 0.203. This is within the general range of Chinese estuaries. The difference analysis showed that abundances of total ARGs, six most abundant ARGs (mtrA, rpoB, rpoC, rpsL, ef‐Tu, and parY), the most abundant resistance types (elfamycin, multidrug, and peptide), and the most abundant resistance mechanism (target alteration) were significantly lower in mangrove sediment than that in nonmangrove sediment (p < 0.05). Network and partial redundancy analysis showed that sediment properties and mobile genetic elements were the most influential factors impacting ARG distribution rather than microbial community. The two factors collectively explain 51.22% of the differences of ARG distribution. Our study indicated that mangrove sediments have the capacity to remove ARGs. This work provides a research paradigm for analysis of ARG prevalence and proliferation in the subtropical marine coastal mangrove ecosystem.
Association of genetic polymorphism of PC‐1 gene (rs1044498 Lys121Gln) with insulin‐resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus in Punjabi Population of Pakistan
Authors: Albegali Abdullah Abdo , Shahzad Muhammad , Ullah Muhammad Ikram , Mahmood Saqib , Rashid Maryam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundInsulin resistance (IR), known to reduce the response to insulin action, develops with obesity leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The PC‐1 gene has been associated with dyslipidemia, polycystic ovarian disease and T2DM in different regions of the world. The objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic association of PC‐1 rs1044498 polymorphism with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes in the Punjabi population of Pakistan.MethodsThis study was carried out on 161 healthy controls and 161 patients of T2DM with insulin resistance. Whole blood was collected for DNA extraction and molecular studies. PCR‐RFLP with AvaII was performed to determine the genotype in cases and controls. Chi‐square and Hardy Weinberg analyses were carried out. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software.ResultsThe demographic data of cases and controls showed significant differences for different parameters like glucose, insulin, Homeostatic model assessment‐insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and lipid profiles (p < 0.000). Different statistical models revealed that all the dominant models were found associated in between alleles for disease risk (p < 0.001) while no association of PC‐1 rs1044498 (K121Q) polymorphism was found with insulin‐resistant parameters in T2DM cases.ConclusionOverall, the results indicate that the K121Q polymorphism was not found associated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes in a Pakistani Punjabi population. This is the first‐ever report about the genotype of PC‐1 gene in this population.
miR‐33a inhibits cell growth in renal cancer by downregulation of MDM4 expression
Authors: Jiang Kehua , Sun Fa , Zhu Jianguo , Luo Guangheng , Ban Yong , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNA‐33a (miR‐33a) plays the role of the tumor suppressor gene by regulating the expression level of downstream genes. However, the effects of miR‐33a in renal cell cancer (RCC) remain unknown. Our study was designed to investigate the expression level and potential function of miR‐33a in RCC.MethodsRT‐qPCR was applied to measure the levels of miR‐33a in RCC tissues and cell lines. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay were used to detect the relationship between miR‐33a and Mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) in RCC cells. CCK‐8 and flow cytometry were applied to detected cell viability and cell cycle. Animal models and TUNEL assay were applied to detect the effect of miR‐33a on the growth of RCC and cell apoptosis.ResultsWe found that the levels of miR‐33a were significantly decreased in RCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the low expression of miR‐33a in RCC patients indicated a shorter overall survival (OS). Notably, MDM4 as a direct target of miR‐33a in RCC, the expression level of MDM4 was significantly increased in RCC cells group than the control group. Furthermore, miR‐33a overexpression significantly inhibited RCC cells growth than the control group, while the inhibitory effects of miR‐33a were reversed upon the overexpression of MDM4. Luciferase reporter assays showed that there was a direct interaction between miR‐33a and 3′ UTR of MDM4 mRNA. In vivo, tumor volumes and weight were significantly decreased in the transfected miR‐33a mimics group than the control group.ConclusionTaken together, our study indicates that miR‐33a inhibits RCC cell growth by targeting MDM4.
Design and implementation of a passive edge filter with high bandwidth and slope
Authors: Yucel Murat , Koyuncu Onur 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, passive edge filter design was implemented by using I‐6, I‐25, M‐5, M‐12 erbium‐doped fibers. For this purpose, first the highest bandwidth and the steepest slope regions of the erbium‐doped fibers were determined in the simulation environment. The experimental setup was realized by using the most appropriate lengths of erbium‐doped fibers found in the simulation study. For I‐25 erbium‐doped fiber, an edge filter with a bandwidth of 32.8 nm and a slope angle of 50.77° was obtained.
Evaluation of a Portable Electrosedation System for Anesthetizing Mature Channel Catfish
Authors: Chatakondi Nagaraj G , Kelly Anita M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Hybrid catfish (female Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus × male Blue Catfish I. furcatus) fry are produced by hormone-induced spawning of Channel Catfish in hatcheries. Anesthetics are used routinely to reduce handling stress by limiting the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal axis hormones. As a comparison, the present study determined the efficacy of electrosedation using a portable electrosedation system (PES) and its feasibility for possible application in hybrid catfish hatcheries. The PES was evaluated at 100 V and a 25% duty cycle at 30, 60, 90, or 100 Hz to anesthetize mature Channel Catfish to stage IV of sedation. The PES was compared to the chemical sedatives tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; 200 mg/L) and metomidate hydrochloride (Aquacalm; 6 mg/L). The PES at 30 Hz anesthetized Channel Catfish in 4 s, significantly faster than the 120 s needed for MS-222. However, the mean (±SE) time to recover from anesthesia and mean plasma cortisol response were similar (P &gt; 0.05) with MS-222 (104 ± 9 s; 35 ng/mL) and the PES (119 ± 15 s; 32 ng/mL). Relative fecundity of fish sedated by the PES and MS-222 averaged 5,222 and 5,593 eggs/kg of body weight (BW), respectively; percent hatch averaged 46.9% and 50.4%, respectively; and hybrid catfish fry production averaged 1,644 and 1,711 fry/kg BW, respectively. Relative fecundity, percent hatch, and hybrid fry production were not significantly different between the PES and MS-222 groups (P &gt; 0.05). No internal injuries were noted in any of the fish subjected to electrosedation. The PES at 30 Hz effectively anesthetized female Channel Catfish with a quicker induction time, provided moderate time to recover from anesthesia, and elicited a cortisol response, with no known internal injuries. The results suggest that the PES has the potential to replace MS-222 usage in hybrid catfish hatcheries. The PES is environmentally safe, does not expire or degrade, and requires no disposal or withdrawal period.
Effects of Cecropin Transgenesis and Interspecific Hybridization on the Resistance to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in Channel Catfish and Female Channel Catfish × Male Blue Catfish Hybrids
Authors: Elaswad Ahmed , Khalil Karim , Ye Zhi , Alsaqufi Ahmed , Abdelrahman Hisham , Su Baofeng , Perera Dayan A , Dong Sheng , Abass Nermeen , Dunham Rex 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The resistance of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, hybrid catfish (female Channel Catfish × male Blue Catfish I. furcatus [CB hybrids]), and Channel Catfish and hybrid catfish expressing the introduced cecropin B gene to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infestation was investigated in two experiments. In experiment I, four fingerling groups were challenged, including cecropin-transgenic Channel Catfish, cecropin-transgenic CB hybrids, non-transgenic Channel Catfish, and non-transgenic CB hybrids. Non-transgenic Channel Catfish survived for a shorter time than the other three groups. Survival rate was significantly different between non-transgenic Channel Catfish and the other groups, which had similar survival rates. In experiment II, non-transgenic CB hybrids had a less severe infestation than non-transgenic Channel Catfish. Mortality rates were 62.4% and 40.2% for non-transgenic Channel Catfish and CB hybrids, respectively. The mean survival time for non-transgenic hybrids was significantly longer (&gt;5 d) than that of non-transgenic Channel Catfish. The results suggest that genetic enhancement of Ichthyophthirius resistance can be accomplished in Channel Catfish by either cecropin transgenesis or interspecific hybridization. In addition to survival rate, improving survival time is important because the extension of survival time provides greater opportunity to apply treatments to stop the protozoan infestation.
Coupled and decoupled stabilized mixed finite element methods for nonstationary dual‐porosity‐Stokes fluid flow model
Authors: Al Mahbub Md. Abdullah , He Xiaoming , Nasu Nasrin Jahan , Qiu Changxin , Zheng Haibiao 
Published: June 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose and analyze two stabilized mixed finite element methods for the dual‐porosity‐Stokes model, which couples the free flow region and microfracture‐matrix system through four interface conditions on an interface. The first stabilized mixed finite element method is a coupled method in the traditional format. Based on the idea of partitioned time stepping, the four interface conditions, and the mass exchange terms in the dual‐porosity model, the second stabilized mixed finite element method is decoupled in two levels and allows a noniterative splitting of the coupled problem into three subproblems. Due to their superior conservation properties and convenience of the computation of flux, mixed finite element methods have been widely developed for different types of subsurface flow problems in porous media. For the mixed finite element methods developed in this article, no Lagrange multiplier is used, but an interface stabilization term with a penalty parameter is added in the temporal discretization. This stabilization term ensures the numerical stability of both the coupled and decoupled schemes. The stability and the convergence analysis are carried out for both the coupled and decoupled schemes. Three numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and applicability of the proposed methods.
Sustained remission with azacitidine monotherapy and an aberrant precursor B‐lymphoblast population in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Hashmi Saman K. , Punia Jyotinder N. , Marcogliese Andrea N. , Gaikwad Amos S. , Fisher Kevin E. , Roy Angshumoy , Rao Pulivarthi , Lopez‐Terrada Dolores H. , Ringrose Jo , Loh Mignon L. , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Rau Rachel E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractJuvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) has a poor prognosis in general, with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remaining the standard of care for cure. The hypomethylating agent, azacitidine, has been used as a bridging therapy to transplant. However, no patients have been treated with azacitidine without an HSCT post azacitidine. We report on an infant with JMML with somatic KRAS G12A mutation and monosomy 7 who achieved sustained remission following azacitidine monotherapy. He also developed an aberrant B‐lymphoblast population which declined with similar kinetics as his JMML‐associated abnormalities, suggesting that a B‐lymphoblast population in JMML does not always progress to acute leukemia.