bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Effect between Natural Honey and 0.1 M KI as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Steel in Acid Medium
Authors: El-Sabbah M.M.B. , Bedair Mahmoud A. , Abbas Mohamed A. , Fahmy Alaa , Hassaballa Safwat , Moustafa Abdullah A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe inhibition process of steel against corrosion in 1.0 M HCl using natural honey in the presence and absence of 0.1 M KI was studied at 25–55 °C utilizing a potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and gravimetric method. Corresponding surfaces of steel were examined by SEM and EDX techniques. The obtained data demonstrated that inhibition efficiency increased by increasing both natural honey dose and environment temperature. Synergism parameter values were found more than one indicating that the inhibition efficiency of natural honey enhanced by an addition of KI due to synergism. The adsorption of natural honey in the presence and absence of iodide ions on the steel surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Optimal Emotional Profiles for Peak Performance in Strength and Conditioning
Authors: Cooper Jonathan J. , Johnson Matt , Radcliffe Jon , Fisher James 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Cooper, JJ, Johnson, M, Radcliffe, J, and Fisher, J. Optimal emotional profiles for peak performance in strength and conditioning. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 833–840, 2021—This study investigated athletes' performance-related emotions and emotional profiles for optimal performance in strength and conditioning (S&C). It is suggested that the identification and control of emotions associated with successful and unsuccessful performances are essential for achieving peak psychological states and optimal performance in sports-related tasks. The individual zone of optimal functioning (IZOF) model outlines an idiographic and comprehensive conceptual framework of interrelated dimensions that describe the structure and dynamics of subjective emotional experiences and performance-related psychobiological states. With institutional ethics approval, 13 competitive elite athletes (male, n = 7; female, n = 6: mean age = 21.7 ± 4.0 years) completed IZOF-based emotion profiling, in which subjects were asked to recall their perceived best and worst S&C session, outlining emotions and intensity within 4 global emotional categories. A significant difference was evidenced between best ever and worst ever performance within positive functional emotions (p < 0.001, d = 3.63) and negative dysfunctional emotions (p < 0.001, d = 4.92). Initial findings suggest that perceived peak performance states within S&C are associated with a high intensity of positive functional emotions (confident, motivated, and energetic) and a low intensity of negative dysfunctional emotions (worn out, sluggish, annoyed, and discouraged). Although future research is necessary to fully understand this area, the present data suggest that to assist athletes in achieving perceived peak performance states within S&C, psychological skills and strategies should be informed and developed in collaboration with sport psychologists, with the aim of achieving an optimal emotional profile.
Effect of Velocity-Based Loading on Acceleration Kinetics and Kinematics During Sled Towing
Authors: Bentley Ian , Sinclair Jonathan K. , Atkins Steve J. , Metcalfe John , Edmundson Christopher J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Bentley, I, Sinclair, JK, Atkins, SJ, Metcalfe, J, and Edmundson, CJ. Effect of velocity-based loading on acceleration kinetics and kinematics during sled towing. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1030–1038, 2021—Sled towing (ST) provides an external load in the form of a sled towed using a shoulder or waist harness and cord behind the athlete. Loading strategies have varied greatly between studies, and despite many investigations, there is little agreement on the optimum sled loading to develop the acceleration phase. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics and kinematics of velocity-based ST during the acceleration phase of sprinting. Twelve academy rugby league players performed a series of 6-m sprints in different conditions; uninhibited, 10, 15, and 20% velocity decrement (VDec). Sagittal plane kinematics and kinetic measures were examined using 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results indicated that ST affected trunk, knee, and ankle joint kinematics (p < 0.05). Peak knee flexion increased as sled loads increased (p < 0.05), which may enable athletes to lower their center of mass and increase their horizontal force application. Net horizontal and propulsive impulse measures were greater in all sled conditions (p < 0.05), which increased significantly because sled loadings were heavier. In conclusion, this study highlights the effects of differential loads to help coaches understand acute kinetics and kinematic changes to improve the planning of sprint training.
Effect of the Fatigue on the Physical Performance in Different Small-Sided Games in Elite Football Players
Authors: Calderón Pellegrino Gabriel , Paredes-Hernández Víctor , Sánchez-Sánchez Javier , García-Unanue Jorge , Gallardo Leonor 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Calderón Pellegrino, G, Paredes-Hernández, V, Sánchez-Sánchez, J, García-Unanue, J, and Gallardo, L. Effect of the fatigue on the physical performance in different small-sided games in elite football players. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2338–2346, 2020—Football players need to be able to perform high-intensity efforts of short duration with brief recovery periods. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the pitch dimension on high-intensity actions and the effect of a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test on the physical performance in different 4-against-4 (4v4) small-sided games (SSG) dimensions. Sixteen U-18 elite football players performed an RSA test between two 4v4 SSGs (pre and post) to induce fatigue and compare physical data. Speed, sprint number, accelerations, sprint distance, total distance covered, and total distance covered of the players at different intensities were evaluated in 3 different SSGs (125, 150, 250, and 300 m2). Results revealed a significant detriment of physical performance in the 125-m2 SSG after RSA, mostly in number of sprints (−6.56; confidence interval [CI] 95%: −10.13 to −3.00; effect size [ES]: 1.13 p < 0.001), accelerations (−2.69; CI 95%: −5.13 to −0.24; ES: 0.68; p = 0.032), and sprint distance (−65.44 m; CI 95%: −103.73 to −27.16; ES: 1.20; p = 0.001). In bigger SSGs (250 and 300 m2), higher distance at high intensity was covered and Vmax, Vmean, and sprint distance were greater. In summary, accelerations, sprint number, and fatigue were higher in smaller pitches, and higher velocities were reached in bigger SSGs. Football players should be aware that changes in pitch size can modify the physical performance on high-intensity actions in SSGs.
A Novel Approach for Athlete Profiling: The Unilateral Dynamic Strength Index
Authors: Bishop Chris , Read Paul , Lake Jason , Loturco Irineu , Turner Anthony 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Bishop, C, Read, P, Lake, J, Loturco, I, and Turner, A. A novel approach for athlete profiling: The unilateral dynamic strength index. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1023–1029, 2021—The Dynamic Strength Index (DSI) provides a ratio of the peak force an athlete can produce in both isometric and ballistic tasks. Although the DSI measured during bilateral tests has been examined, unilateral DSI scores have not been reported to date and thus was the aim of the present study. Twenty-eight recreational sport athletes performed 3 trials of a unilateral isometric squat and countermovement jump (CMJ) to measure peak force in each task across 2 separate test sessions. The unilateral DSI was calculated using both left vs. right and dominant vs. nondominant limbs. Good to excellent reliability was shown in the isometric squat (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.86–0.96; coefficient of variation [CV] ≤ 5.7%) and the CMJ (ICC = 0.83–0.93; CV ≤ 5.8%) on both limbs. The DSI showed moderate to good reliability (ICC = 0.71–0.79; CV = 7.54–11.9%). Dynamic Strength Index scores of 0.52–0.55 and 0.55–0.59 were reported on the left and right limbs, respectively, with no significant differences reported between limbs. A significant difference (p = 0.04) was seen for the CMJ between left and right during the second test session only. The dominant and nondominant limbs reported mean DSI scores of 0.53–0.57, and significant differences were evident between limbs in both the isometric squat and CMJ (p < 0.01). This study provides normative data for the unilateral DSI and indicates acceptable levels of reliability, whereas the consistency of individual measures of peak force can be considered good when quantified unilaterally.
Competition-Based Heart Rate, Training Load, and Time Played Above 85% Peak Heart Rate in NCAA Division I Women's Basketball
Authors: Sanders Gabriel J. , Boos Brian , Rhodes Jessica , Kollock Roger O. , Peacock Corey A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Sanders, GJ, Boos, B, Rhodes, J, Kollock, RO, and Peacock, CA. Competition-based heart rate, training load, and time played above 85% peak heart rate in NCAA division I women's basketball. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1095–1102, 2021—Basketball athletes frequently engage in intensities ≥85% HRpeak throughout competition. Knowing the time spent competing at intensities ≥85% HRpeak can improve training protocols. The purpose of the study was to assess heart rate responses across 4-quarter games (N = 31) in an NCAA Division I women's basketball season. Ten female athletes were tested and monitored with heart rate–based wearable microsensor devices. Before the season, HRpeak was recorded through a peak metabolic test (V̇o
2peak). Average (HRavg) and HRpeak were recorded for each game, and time spent in 5 heart rate zones (HRZones) were recorded: HRZone1 = 50–60% HRpeak, HRZone2 = 60–70% HRpeak, HRZone3 = 70–76% HRpeak, HRZone4 = 77–84% HRpeak, and HRZone5 = 85–100% HRpeak. Training load was calculated with the summated-heart-rate-zone model (SHRZmod). There was a main effect of position (p ≤ 0.019) and quarter (p ≤ 0.005) on SHRZmod and on time spent in HRZone1–5. Athletes accumulated the most time in HRZone4 and HRZone5 and in the fourth quarter, and SHRZmod was the greatest in the fourth quarter. There was no main effect for HRavg and HRpeak (p ≥ 0.110). Athletes averaged 34.5 minutes per game competing in HRZone5 or ≥85% HRpeak with nearly one-third of those minutes accumulated in the fourth quarter. Although there were no differences in HRavg and HRpeak from quarter to quarter, SHRZmod increased from the first to fourth quarter. Utilizing time spent in heart rate zones and training load with SHRZmod can provide valuable information to practitioners regarding the intensity and physiological demands of competitive basketball games.
Comparison of Step-by-Step Kinematics of Elite Sprinters' Unresisted and Resisted 10-m Sprints Measured With Optojump or Musclelab
Authors: van den Tillaar Roland 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
van den Tillaar, R. Comparison of step-by-step kinematics of elite sprinters' unresisted and resisted 10-m sprints measured with Optojump or Musclelab. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1419–1424, 2021—The purpose of this study was to compare step-by-step kinematics of unresisted and resisted 10-m sprints measured with the Optojump or Musclelab on elite sprinters. Six subjects (age 30.0 ± 5.1 years, body mass 76.3 ± 5.3 kg, body height 1.79 ± 0.09 m, and 100-m personal best 10.51 ± 0.3 s) performed 2 unresisted and 2 sets of 2 resisted (10 and 20% of body mass) 30-m sprints in random order (6 sprints in total) in 1 session in which kinematics of the first 10 m were measured with the Optojump and Musclelab. The main finding was that there were no significant differences between the measurements made with the Optojump and Musclelab systems. In addition, it was possible to discriminate most kinematic variables per step of the first 10 m when different loads (10 and 20% of body mass) had to be pulled during the 30-m sprints. The variations in sprint times associated with changes in the resistance provided by the dynaSpeed were mainly caused by a decrease in step length as the resistance increased. It was concluded that the 2 systems are valid and could help coaches, researchers, and athletes by providing more detailed information about possible changes to kinematics during training and sprinting with different resistances.
Moderate-Intensity Strength Exercise to Exhaustion Results in More Pronounced Signaling Changes in Skeletal Muscles of Strength-Trained Compared With Untrained Individuals
Authors: Lysenko Evgeny A. , Popov Daniil V. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Sharova Anna P. , Vinogradova Olga L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Lysenko, EA, Popov, DV, Vepkhvadze, TF, Sharova, AP, and Vinogradova, OL. Moderate-intensity strength exercise to exhaustion results in more pronounced signaling changes in skeletal muscles of strength-trained compared with untrained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1103–1112, 2020—The aim of our investigation was to compare the response pattern of signaling proteins and genes regulating protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscle after strength exercise sessions performed to volitional fatigue in strength-trained and untrained males. Eight healthy recreationally active males and 8 power-lifting athletes performed 4 sets of unilateral leg presses to exhaustion (65% 1 repetition maximum). Biopsy samples of m. vastus lateralis were obtained before, 1 and 5 hours after cessation of exercise. Phosphorylation of p70S6kThr389, 4EBP1Thr37/46, and ACCSer79 increased, whereas phosphorylation of eEF2Thr56 and FOXO1Ser256 decreased only in the trained group after exercise. Expression of DDIT4, MURF1, and FOXO1 mRNAs increased and expression of MSTN mRNA decreased also only in the trained group after exercise. In conclusion, moderate-intensity strength exercise performed to volitional fatigue changed the phosphorylation status of mTORC1 downstream signaling molecules and markers of ubiquitin-proteasome system activation in trained individuals, suggesting activation of protein synthesis and degradation. In contrast to the trained group, signaling responses in the untrained group were considerably less pronounced. It can be assumed that the slowdown in muscle mass gain as the athletes increase in qualification cannot be associated with a decrease in the sensitivity of systems regulating protein metabolism, but possibly with inadequate intake or assimilation of nutrients necessary for anabolism. Perhaps, the intake of highly digestible protein or protein-carbohydrate dietary supplements could contribute to the increase in muscle mass in strength athletes.
Rethinking Long-Term Athlete Development—A Behavioral Approach
Authors: Jeffreys Ian 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
DESPITE NUMEROUS MODELS AND ARTICLES OUTLINING ITS POTENTIAL, LONG TERM ATHLETIC DEVELOPMENT (LTAD) IS STILL TO ATTAIN A POSITION WHERE IT IS A UNIFYING APPROACH IN YOUTH SPORT PROGRAMS. DESPITE ISOLATED CASES OF SUCCESS, THE SYSTEMATIC APPLICATION OF LTAD REMAINS ELUSIVE—CLEARLY SOMETHING IS AWRY. AS THE APPLICATION OF LTAD REQUIRES BEHAVIOR CHANGE, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THIS PERSPECTIVE IS WOVEN INTO LTAD APPROACHES. THIS ARTICLE WILL EXAMINE SOME FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES DRAWN FROM BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND APPLY THESE TO THE QUEST TO ENHANCE THE APPLICATION OF LTAD IN THE REAL WORLD.
Strength and Conditioning for Adolescent Endurance Runners
Authors: Blagrove Richard C. , Howe Louis P. , Howatson Glyn , Hayes Philip R. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
For the adolescent athlete who chooses to specialize in endurance running, strength and conditioning (S&C) activities provide a means of enhancing several important determinants of performance and may reduce the risk of overuse injury. It is recommended that adolescent endurance runners include at least 2 S&C sessions per week that comprise movement skills training, plyometric and sprint training, resistance training, plus exercises designed to target specific tissues that are vulnerable to injury. This article describes how these modalities of training can be integrated into the routine of adolescent endurance runners.
Evidence-Based Training Recommendations for the Elite Judoka
Authors: Harris Dale M. , Foulds Steven , Latella Christopher 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTTHERE IS A PAUCITY OF SPORT-SPECIFIC EVIDENCE REGARDING STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE ELITE JUDO ATHLETES' (EJA) PERFORMANCE. THEREFORE, THE AIM OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO EVALUATE THE CURRENT LITERATURE AND PRESENT EVIDENCE-BASED TRAINING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EJA. BASED ON THE SPORT-SPECIFIC DEMANDS, APPROPRIATELY SEQUENCED PERIODIZED STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAMS THAT INCLUDE (a) HEAVY STRENGTH TRAINING, (b) POWER TRAINING (i.e., CONTRAST LOADING, CLUSTER SETS, WEIGHTLIFTING, AND PLYOMETRIC EXERCISES), AND (c) HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING MAY PROVIDE SUFFICIENT STIMULI TO IMPROVE UPPER- AND LOWER-BODY STRENGTH, AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC POWER FOR EJA.
A maradványhallás megőrzésének lehetőségei cochlearis implantáció során Nucleus CI532 Slim Modiolar elektródasorral
Authors: Nagy Roland , Jarabin János András , Dimák Balázs , Perényi Ádám , Tóth Ferenc , Szűts Viktória , Jóri József , Kiss József Géza , Rovó László 
Published: October 2018

Abstract: During the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired patients, the preservation of residual acoustic hearing following cochlear implantation by minimizing the implantation trauma allows for improved hearing performance. To achieve this, minimally invasive, soft surgery methods and thinner, atraumatic electrodes were required. In our present study, we reported a case where Cochlear® Nucleus CI532 Slim Modiolar electrode was implanted in a patient with residual hearing. Our aim was to study the possible preservation of postoperative acoustic residual hearing by audiological monitoring. Since childhood, due to her congenital hearing loss, she has been wearing a conventional, airborne hearing correction device on both ears. Six months before cochlear implantation, we measured the progression on both sides of the hearing loss, so we decided to perform cochlear implantation. The patient had residual hearing on both ears prior to surgery thus the Cochlear® Nucleus CI532 Slim Modiolar Implant was used. The minimally invasive surgery was performed on the patient’s right ear through the round window approach. Compared to the preoperative hearing threshold (average 85 dBHL) in the 4th postoperative week, an initial hearing threshold progression of 20–25 dBHL was observed between 0.25 and 1.0 kHz, while of 5–10 dBHL between 2.0–4.0 kHz. Hearing threshold measured in the 6th month showed a slight progression in the range above 1 kHz, but improved by the 12th month, to the results achieved at the 4th week. The effects of cochlear implantation on residual hearing have been studied in numerous studies, in which several key surgical and technical factors have been identified. Nucleus CI532 is a Slim Modiolar electrode profile that is close to the modiolus, so it is expected to have a lower endocochlear hydrodynamic load since it lies in the covering of the osseus spiral lamina, thus less influencing the dynamics of the basilar membrane. However, the perimodiolar location of the electrode array allows the adjacent nerve elements of the spiral ganglion to be stimulated with a lower electrical intensity and a reduced surface that may be neuroprotective. Preservation of acoustic residual hearing following cochlear implantation improves the patient’s speech perception and the sound localization skills, particularly in difficult circumstances. Long-term residual hearing preservation may also be of great importance in the subsequent feasibility for regenerative procedures and drug treatments. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(41): 1680–1688.
Az emberi élettartam megnövelésének lehetőségei
Authors: Csaba György 
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The human lifespan in the developed countries significantly increased, from about 40 years to 80 years, in the last hundred years. This change is due to multiple factors, however, the development of medicine and pharmacological research as well as social well-being and social care are primarily important. For aging, the attrition of the parts of the whole organism are responsible, which is caused by endogenous oxidation processes (free radicals), which can destroy any cells in the organism. The injury of the defense or regulatory organ systems (immune system, neuroendocrine system) influences the whole organism, causing its decline (aging), later complete loss of abilities (death). The organism has built-in mechanisms for defence (e.g., antioxidant enzymes), however, their functions are not enough in our modern, chemically seriously contaminated age and further support is needed. This support is represented by antioxidants, as vitamins A, C, and E, resveratrol, and pharmaceuticals as rapamycine and rapalogs, selegiline, metformin etc., which have important roles in the increase of lifespan and health span. The early start of treatments and the use of pharmaceutical combinations seem to be important. The paper introduces our today’s’ lifespan prolongers and discusses their effects as well as points to the ways of future development. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(41): 1655–1663.
Az extrém kis születési súlyú koraszülöttek fejlődésének követése az óvodáskor végéig a perinatalis szövődmények tükrében
Authors: Nagy Anett , Beke Anna Mária , Cserjési Renáta , Gráf Rózsa , Kalmár Magda 
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Introduction: Owing to the rapid progress of the medical science and technology, the chances of survival of the extremely low birth weight (<1000 g) preterm babies have dramatically improved. Nevertheless, the research findings on their long-term developmental outcome are inconsistent. Aim: Our study has attempted to contribute to the understanding of the developmental mechanisms in the extremely low birth weight preterm infants and to the prediction of the developmental outcomes taking into account of the risk factors of development. Method: 34 preterm children who were free of any major central nervous system injury were followed up from one to 5–6 years of age. The psychomotor development of the infants was assessed at 1 and 2 years of age and, at 5–6 years of age, intelligence tests were administered to the children. Perinatal and environmental factors were included in the data analysis. Results: The extremely low birth weight preterm children as a group displayed no developmental delay at any of the measurement points. The mean developmental quotients were 98.6 and 106.6 at ages 1 and 2 years, respectively. At 5–6 years of age, the mean verbal IQ was 101.4, while the mean performance IQ was 92.9. Behind the group means there was a wide range of individual variations. The most powerful contributors to the developmental outcomes were birth weight, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intra-uterine growth retardation, gender, and maternal education. The girls had a significant advantage over the boys in language development. Verbal intelligence was hampered by intracranial hemorrhage, while intrauterine growth restriction had a similar effect on the performance IQ. Conclusions: Our results suggest that even the extremely preterm infants may have rather good chances of satisfactory mental development. However, the individual developmental prospects are influenced by a great number of domain-specific risk- and protective factors. Although at a group-level, infant psychomotor development is a significant predictor of later intelligence quotient, the rate of development may change at any age. The phenomenon of “moving risk” underscores the importance of the long-term follow-up of preterm infants. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(41): 1672–1679.