bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Strategies, Motivation to Learning, Levels of Wellbeing and Risk of Drop-out: An Empirical Longitudinal Study for Qualifying Ongoing University Guidance Services
Authors: Biasi Valeria , De Vincenzo Conny , Patrizi Nazarena 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper concerns a longitudinal empirical study aiming to establish the relation between certain factors that facilitate (or sometimes hinder) academic achievement such as motivation to study, the cognitive strategies employed and the levels of wellness or distress expressed by indicators like anxiety and depression. It thus aimed to identify the role of these factors on the risk of student drop-out. The study was carried out on a sample of 68 self-selected students enrolled in various degree courses at “Roma Tre” University, who had fully completed the three consecutive surveys geared to investigating their academic experience over a one-year period. The measurement tools used assessed: a) “drop-out intentions” (Hardre & Reeve Scale, 2003); b) “wellness/distress levels”, (Adult Self-Report ASR; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2003); c) cognitive/study strategies (self-regulated knowledge; Manganelli, Alivernini, Mallia & Biasi, 2015); d) motivational aspects (Academic Motivation Scale AMS, validated in Italy by Alivernini and Lucidi (2008). The results show how that the drop-out risk is linked to high levels of depression or distress, poor competence in cognitive strategies adopted, and high levels of “Amotivation” and “External Motivation”. On the basis of the above empirical evidence we propose starting up specific ongoing actions within the university guidance services in order to simultaneously improve wellbeing through emotional support, redefine decisions in the study path in line with personal motivation, and develop adequate cognitive strategies to devise a functional study method.
Dissemination of Demographic and Socio-Economic Developments in Tirana with Special Attention to Youth Education
Authors: Dumani Bukuri , Bici Ruzhdie , Dumani Nexhmi , Subashi Blerina , Kondi Alma 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Tirana, the capital of Albania, has a population of 420,000 inhabitants, with a surface area of 40 km2 and a population density of 10.5 thousand inhabitants. From the territorial point of view of the organization, Tirana has 11 administrative units. Half of the population in Tirana is less than 35 years old and half, more than 35 years old. Tirana has the highest level of socio-economic developments in the country and most of the domestic migrants who after the change of economic systems in 1990, are located in Tirana. The article analyzes the level of demographic and socio-economic developments in Tirana according to its 11 administrative units, their inequalities and similarities, with particular attention to the education of young people, the enrollment of students in secondary school after completing nine year basic education. Although Tirana has the highest socio-economic development in the country, its administrative units have quite different levels of development. The net enrollment rate at secondary school for students who have completed nine years of basic education and enroll in the secondary is low; (only 67% of students) compared with net enrollment rate at secondary school in EU countries over 85%). A student in Tirana who has a difficult economic situation, parents with low education level, school far away, the absence of one or both parents in the family, many household members, is much more likely not to enroll in secondary school, after completing basic obligatory education, nine years education. Economic and social developments in Tirana highlight a development of Tirana with many profiles. From the 11 administrative units in five-of them, the developments are relatively lower than in the other six administrative units. The less developed administrative units in Tirana are: the 6th and 11th units and the highest developments administrative unites are the 10th and 5th units. In Unit 6, one in seven people are poor although in Unit 10 one in 25 people are poor. To improve the development, it should be implemented concrete programs and projects with territorial approaches; Education has an essential role to play out of poverty and change the quality of life. This role should be empowered by the state and families by becoming more and more vulnerable to the ideology of education and the quality of education. There are used data from Census 2011 and Living Standard Measurement Survey, LSMS 2012. Descriptive, factorial, cluster analysis and regression methods were used for the analysis of sociodemographic and economic developments. For data processing were used Spss, Stata and Matlab.
Social Transformation of Africa through Music: The Nigerian experience
Authors: Odunuga Adeola Funmilayo , Yekini-Ajenifuja Isaac 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Music has been found to be an instrument used in transforming lives because of its effectiveness as an agent and medium of transmitting information to the populace. It is used to pass crucial information, impart knowledge, soothe emotions, and affect lives. Music affects the ways and manner of its hearers positively and negatively, hence, it is expedient that people get right information through a good channel and medium. Music composers, performers and producers should be careful of what is composed and performed in order to achieve the desired result. This paper seeks to enlighten music composers and producers on the need to judiciously use music as an instrument of transformation in Africa and other world cultures. The use and effect of music on human being was traced from antiquity to date through library sources. It discovers that some of the recent music composition and performance in Nigeria and some other world cultures are not good enough for consumption. It recommends a viable music teacher education that will impart adequate knowledge on the music teacher trainee which will in turn transforms the music consumers.
Supervision and Teachers’ Work Performances in Primary Schools in Konye Sub-Division in Cameroon
Authors: Lyonga Ngemunang Agnes Ngale 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study examined the impact of head teachers’ instructional supervision practices on teachers’ performances in selected primary schools in Konye Sub-Division in Cameroon. The study used a descriptive survey design to explain the impact of head teachers’ classrooms visits and checking of teaching log-books (records) on teachers’ job performances. The sample size was made up of six head teachers and twenty-eight teachers selected from six schools from Konye Sub-Division, which included two state own, two confessional, and two lay private schools. A five section questionnaire was developed to collect data on head teachers’ and teachers. The questionnaire was administered during one of the researcher’s contact visits at the institutions. The researcher explained to the respondents who filled out the information on the questionnaire and returned after completion. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for descriptive statistics that included the use of frequencies and percentages. Findings among others revealed the aspects that influence teachers’ performances during instructional supervision by head teachers was not only classroom visits but also observation of teaching (82% and 83.3%), examination of teaching and learning methods used by teachers during supervision (71.4% and 66.6%), regularly checking of records of work covered by teachers (92.9% and 83.3%), regularly checking and correcting of teachers’ lesson plans (89.3% and 100%), and holding sessions with teachers to guide on how to improve teaching and learning activities in primary schools.
Social and Economic Effects of the Menace of Fulani Herdsmen Crises in Nigeria
Authors: Ajibefun M. B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study investigated the social and economic effects of the menace of Fulani herdsmen crises in Nigeria. The study specifically examined the causes of Fulani herdsmen and farmers clashes in Nigeria, and the social and economic effects of the menace of Fulani herdsmen in Nigeria. The sample of the study consisted of 250 farmers and 150 respondents from Fulani tribe selected from affected Local Government areas in Southwest, Nigeria via purposive sampling technique. A questionnaire titled Economic and Social Effects of Herdsmen Clashes Questionnaire (ESEHCQ) was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of t-test were used to analyze the data generated from respondents. The findings revealed that the major cause of the conflict was destruction of crops. The social effect of the menace of Fulani herdsmen are loss of human life, sexual harassment of human life, acquiring of weapons/arms, reduction in quality of social relationship, reduction of social support and high cases of rape while the economic effect of the menace of Fulani herdsmen are reduction in output and income of farmers/nomads, loss of produce in storage, displacement of farmers, scarcity of agricultural products, loss of house and properties and infrastructural damages. The findings also revealed that farmers and Fulani perception of the causes of Fulani herdsmen and farmers clashes in Nigeria are not different while farmers and Fulani perception of the social effects and economic effects of Fulani herdsmen and farmers clashes in Nigeria are different. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that representatives of the host communities and Fulani herdsmen should be conveyed under a public forum and involved in the decision making and permitted to take part actively in the planning procedure of restoring peace to most of the affected communities.
What are the Adequate Pedagogical Approaches for Teaching Scientific Disciplines? Physics as a Case Study
Authors: Chekour Mohammed , Laafou Mohamed , Janati-Idrissi Rachid 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Different teaching approaches have revealed that teaching is a complex process, a profession that must adapt to the specific needs of the learners, the nature of the subject taught and the general context of the training. However, the act of learning is a common activity. In the educational sciences there is no one-sided approach to the didactics of physical sciences. Therefore, teachers of the physical sciences are invited to choose the appropriate pedagogical approaches based on the performance and limitations of each approach. In this article, we will review the literature of the main pedagogical approaches used to facilitate the acquisition of physical phenomena. On the basis of this study, we will highlight the added value of the combination of a relatively recent approach, based on historical investigation and simulation of physical phenomena.
Comparison of intraocular pressure measurement with Schiotz tonometer and Tono-Pen Vet tonometer in healthy dogs
Authors: Wrześniewska Karolina , Madany Jacek , Winiarczyk Dagmara 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) in dogs has high diagnostic value because of the possibility of detecting ocular and systemic diseases. Various types of tonometers are available for this measurement in small animal practice. The aim of the study was to compare the IOP values measured with Schiotz and Tono-Pen Vet tonometers in healthy dogs. Clinical diagnostic usefulness of both models was also evaluated.

Material and Methods
The examination was performed in 62 eyes in 31 clinically healthy dogs of different races, gender, and ages.

Results
The values for intraocular pressure obtained with Schiotz tonometer were in the range of 12 to 24 mmHg, with the mean of 16.3 ± 2.1 mmHg. The intraocular pressure measured with Tono-Pen Vet tonometer was in the range of 11–25 mmHg, with a mean of 18.1 ± 3.8 mmHg. The mean results of measurements taken using the two tonometers differed statistically significantly, the difference being 1.79 mmHg and the higher values being read from the Tono-Pen Vet tonometer.

Conclusion
Correlation coefficients calculated for the results obtained in the right and left eyes using two tonometers indicated highly correlative relationships between the results. The study shows that both tonometers can be advantageously used in clinical practice to measure intraocular pressure in dogs.
Hazardous radioactivity levels and heavy mineral concentrations in beach sediments of Lake Peipsi, northeastern Estonia
Authors: Järvelill Johanna-Iisebel , Koch Rein , Raukas Anto , Vaasma Tiit 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The present study discusses results of heavy mineral analyses and radioactivity of beach sediments of Lake Peipsi. Such analyses are commonly done globally, but had not yet been conducted for the fourth largest lake in Europe. The average heavy mineral content in Lake Peipsi beach sediments along the northern and western coast is higher than usual for Estonian coastal and Quaternary sediments. Concomitantly, elevated radioactivity levels have been measured in several places, with the highest concentrations observed at Alajõe (1885.5 Bq/kg), which is over five times more than the recommended limit. The aim of the present study is to find sites with higher radioactivity levels, because the northern coast of Lake Peipsi is a well-known recreational area.
Effects of environmental and anthropogenic determinants on changes in groundwater levels in selected peat bogs of Slowinski National Park, northern Poland
Authors: Chlost Izabela , Cieśliński Roman 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The present study focuses on two Baltic-type peat bogs in Slowinski National Park, namely that at Żarnowskie and at Kluki, located in the Lake Łebsko catchment and both characterised by a centrally located dome with a very marshy fringe area featuring an emerging marshy coniferous forest (Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum). The Żarnowskie bog is under active protection. A total of 24 flow barriers were installed in drainage ditches during the years 2006 and 2007. The purpose of these barriers was to put a halt to water outflow. In addition, 30 hectares of young pine forest were cleared in order to decrease loss of water via evapotranspiration.
Kluki peat bog is only partially protected by Polish law. The lack of efforts to prevent outflow via the canal is due to the fact that the canal is utilised to drain meadows in the vicinity of the village of Łokciowe outside of the national park. Peat formation no longer occurs in this peat bog. The hydrological condition of the bog is catastrophic as a result of its main canal, referred to as Canal C9, which is 2.5 to 3.0 m deep and 10 m wide in places.
Both peat bogs are monitored for fluctuations in groundwater. Research has shown that changes in water levels fluctuate based on season of the year and geographical location, which is illustrated quite well using the two studied peat bogs.
The water retention rate of the Żarnowskie peat bog may be considered fairly high and is likely to improve due to protective measures enabled by Polish environmental laws. The water retention rate of the bog is consistently improving thanks to these measures, fluctuations in water level are small and the water level does not drop under 0.5 m below ground level even under extreme hydrometeorological conditions. This yields optimum conditions for renewed peat formation in this area. One potential threat is the Krakulice peat extraction facility, which is located in the southern part of the bog close to the boundary with the national park.
Coniacian sandstones from the North Sudetic Synclinorium revisited: palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical reconstructions based on trace fossil analysis and associated body fossils
Authors: Chrząstek Alina , Wypych Monika 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Coniacian quartz sandstones (Żerkowice Member, Rakowice Wielkie Formation) that crop out at quarries near Czaple-Nowa Wieś Grodziska (North Sudetic Synclinorium) contain a low-diversity assemblage of trace fossils:Gyrochorteisp.,Ophiomorpha nodosaLundgren, 1891,Ophiomorphaisp.,Phycodescf.curvipalmatum(Pollard, 1981), ?Phycodesisp.,Planolitescf.beverleyensis(Billings, 1862),Thalassinoides paradoxicusWoodward, 1830 and ?Thalassinoidesisp. Moreover, interesting compound burrow systems, here referred to asThalassinoides-Phycodescf.palmatusand ?Thalassinoides-Phycodes, were recognised at the Czaple Quarry. Additionally, ?Gyrochorteisp.,Phycodescf.flabellum(Miller and Dyer, 1878) and ?Treptichnusisp. were encountered at correlative levels in the Rakowice Małe Quarry. Some of these ichnotaxa have not been recorded previously from Coniacian sandstones of the Żerkowice Member. Additionally, in slabs of these sandstones, the gastropodNerinea bicinctaBronn, 1836 and the bivalveLima haidingeriZittel, 1866 were found. These interesting finds, in particular the gastropods, were already noted from the study area in the first half of the twentieth century by Scupin (1912–1913). Ethologically, the trace fossil assemblage is represented by domichnia or domichnia/fodinichnia (Ophiomorpha,Thalassinoides), fodinichnia (Phycodes) and pascichnia (Gyrochorte,Planolites). The compound burrow systems (Thalassinoides-Phycodes) are interpreted as dwelling/feeding structures. The possible tracemakers are crustaceans (Ophiomorpha,Thalassinoides) or worm-like animals (annelids and other) (Planolites, ?Phycodes,Gyrochorteand ?Treptichnus). The assemblage of trace fossils is characteristic of theSkolithosichnofacies andCruzianaichnofacies, typical of shallow-marine settings. Ichnological studies, as well as the presence of accompanying fossils (bivalves, gastropods), confirm the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Żerkowice Member sandstones by Leszczyński (2010). That author interpreted the Coniacian sandstones as bar and storm deposits laid down in a shallow epicontinental sea (mainly the foreshore-upper shoreface; up to the middle shoreface) under normal oxygenation and salinity, in soft substrate, above fair-weather wave base. The deposition of the Żerkowice Member sandstones is linked to a regression that started after uplift of the southeastern part of the North Sudetic Synclinorium.
Characteristics of the Ahmadabad hematite/barite deposit, Iran – studies of mineralogy, geochemistry and fluid inclusions
Authors: Babaei Amir Haji , Ganji Alireza 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Ahmadabad hematite/barite deposit is located to the northeast of the city of Semnan, Iran. Geostructurally, this deposit lies between the Alborz and the Central Iran zones in the Semnan Subzone. Hematite-barite mineralisation occurs in the form of a vein along a local fault within Eocene volcanic host rocks. The Ahmadabad deposit has a simple mineralogy, of which hematite and barite are the main constituents, followed by pyrite and Fe-oxyhydroxides such as limonite and goethite. Based on textural relationships between the above-mentioned principal minerals, it could be deduced that there are three hydrothermal mineralisation stages in which pyrite, hematite and barite with primary open space filling textures formed under different hydrothermal conditions. Subsequently, in the supergene stage, goethite and limonite minerals with secondary replacement textures formed under oxidation surficial conditions. Microthermometric studies on barite samples show that homogenisation temperatures (TH) for primary fluid inclusions range from 142 to 256°C with a temperature peak between 200 and 220°C. Salinities vary from 3.62 to 16.70 NaCl wt% with two different peaks, including one of 6 to 8 NaCl wt% and another of 12 to 14 NaCl wt%. This indicates that two different hydrothermal waters, including basinal and sea waters, could have been involved in barite mineralisation. The geochemistry of the major and trace elements in the samples studied indicate a hydrothermal origin for hematite and barite mineralisation. Moreover, the Fe/Mn ratio (>10) and plots of hematite samples of Ahmadabad ores on Al-Fe-Mn, Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+ Cu)×10, Fe-Mn-SiX2 and MnO/TiO2 – Fe2O3/TiO2 diagrams indicate that hematite mineralisation in the Ahmadabad deposit occurred under hydrothermal conditions. Furthermore, Ba and Sr enrichment, along with Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu and Sb depletion, in the barite samples of Ahmadabad ores are indicative of a low temperature hydrothermal origin for the deposit. A comparison of the ratios of LaN/YbN, CeN/YbN, TbN/LaN, SmN/NdN and parameters of Ce/Ce* and La/La* anomalies of the hematite, barite, host volcanic rocks and quartz latite samples to each other elucidate two important points: 1) the barite could have originated from volcanic host rocks, 2) the hematite could have originated from a quartz latite lithological unit. The chondrite normalised REE patterns of samples of hematite barite, volcanic host rocks and quartz latite imply that two different hydrothermal fluids could be proposed for hematite and barite mineralisation. The comparison between chondrite normalised REE patterns of Ahmadabad barite with oceanic origin barite and low temperature hydrothermal barite shows close similarities to the low temperature hydrothermal barite deposits.
Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric investigation of n-alkanes and carboxylic acids in bottom sediments of the northern Caspian Sea
Authors: Kenzhegaliev Akimgali , Zhumagaliev Sagat , Kenzhegalieva Dina , Orazbayev Batyr 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Prior to the start of experimental oil production in the Kashagan field (northern part of the Caspian Sea), n-alkanes and carboxylic acids contained in samples obtained from bottom sediments in the area of artificial island “D” were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Concentrations of 10 n-alkanes (composed of C10-C13, C15-C20) and 11 carboxylic acids (composed of C6-C12, C14-C16) were identified and measured. Concentrations of individual alkanes and carboxylic acids in bottom sediments of the various samples varied between 0.001 ÷ 0.88 μg/g and 0.001 ÷ 1.94 μg/g, respectively. Mass spectra, in particular the M+ molecular ion peak and the most intense peaks of fragment ions, are given. The present study illustrates the stability of molecular ions to electronic ionisation and the main fragment ions to the total ion current and shows that the initial fragmentation of alkanes implies radical cleavage of C2H5 rather than CH3. All aliphatic monocarboxylic acids studied were characterised by McLafferty rearrangement leading to the formation of F4 cation-radical with m/z 60 and F3 cation-radical with m/z 88 in the case of ethylhexanoic acid. The formation of oxonium ions presents another important aspect of acid fragmentation. Using mass numbers of oxonium ions and rearrangement ions allows determination of the substitution character in α- and β- C atoms. The essence of our approach is to estimate the infiltration of hydrocarbon fluids from the enclosing formation into sea water, comprising an analysis of derivatives of organic compounds in bottom sediments. Thus, concentrations of derived organic molecules can serve as a basis for estimates of the depth at which hydrocarbon fluids leak, i.e., to serve as an auxiliary technique in the search for hydrocarbon deposits and to repair well leaks.