bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Data Science to Transform Health Care: All the Pieces Matter
Authors: Masica Andrew L. , Escarce José J. 
Published: August 2019

This issue of eGEMS focuses on application of data science as a driver of health
care transformation. Importantly, quantitative or qualitative analysis with a particular
method is only one downstream step in the process of leveraging data. Effective
analytics occurs on a continuum with multiple complementary phases, categorized here as
data acquisition, ensuring or enhancing data access and usability, data analysis, and
dissemination. Each of these activities is encompassed in the series of papers
presented. Publisher's Note:This article was amended on 6th September 2019 to correct an
incorrect citation. "Immergluck et. al" has been changed to "Cramer, Seneviratne and
Sharifi".
Claves de la mediación para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora.Un estudio cualitativo en aulas de 4º de educación primaria//Mediation in the development of reading comprehension. A qualitative study in primary education
Authors: Blasco-Serrano Ana Cristina , Arraiz Pérez Ana , Garrido Laparte Mª Ángeles 
Published: August 2019

RESUMENDesde una perspectiva socioconstructivista y de acuerdo al modelo PASS, la mediación es una estrategia fundamental para el desarrollo de la lectura. Esta investigación indaga sus claves para favorecer la comprensión lectora en aulas de 4º de educación primaria. Se utiliza un estudio de caso múltiple, de tipo evaluativo, en tres contextos escolares diferenciados. Los datos se recogen a través de la observación participante, las entrevistas a las maestras, los grupos de discusión y microrrelatos a los niños. El análisis cualitativo se lleva a cabo desde el momento inicial de registro con el método comparativo constante. Los resultados vertebran la mediación para favorecer la comprensión lectora desde tres macrocategorías: la sensibilidad de los miembros de la comunidad educativa, las dinámicas organizativas marcadas por la colaboración y participación regulada, así como la argumentación basada en el debate y el diálogo para la metacognición explícita. Las relaciones entre las distintas categorías y los diferentes contextos marcan matices de interés en el desarrollo de los procesos de mediación, que resaltan el rol modulador de la cultura docente en el potencial de las claves obtenidas. Los resúmenes de trabajos empíricos deben seguir esta estructura.ABSTRACT From a socioconstructivist perspective and according to the PASS model, mediation is a key strategy for reading development. This research explores how to promote reading comprehension in 4th grade primary education students. A multiple case study design, in an evaluative way, is used in three different school contexts. The data presented were obtained through participant observation, interviews with teachers, groups of discussion, and children’s micro-stories. The qualitative analysis is carried out with the constant comparative method. The results show that mediation improves reading comprehension from three macro-categories: the sensitivity of the educational community, the organizational dynamics indicated by the collaboration and regulated participation, and the argumentation based on the debate and the dialogue for the explicit metacognition. The relationship between the different categories and contexts show nuances of interest in the development of the mediation processes, which highlight the modulating role of the teaching culture in the potential of the key issues obtained. The relation between different categories and contexts indicate the interest in the mediation process development, as well as highlighting the role of teaching culture in the potential of the obtained keys points.
Uso de conchas de marisco na fabricação de blocos vazados de concreto simples para alvenaria
Authors: Caldas Apurina Amazonas 
Published: August 2019

Uma das atividades de relevância desenvolvidas no município de Igarassu-PE, corresponde à pesca de marisco Anomalocardia brasiliana, com a qual a comunidade pesqueira local mantém uma expressiva relação de dependência social, cultural e econômica. O processo de beneficiamento do marisco Anomalocardia brasiliana, após a extração do molusco, gera resíduo de conchas, cujo descarte, em volume considerável em ambiente de mangue, provoca assoreamento de grandes áreas e, consequente, desequilíbrio ambiental, refletido, principalmente, pela redução da cadeia alimentar, além de provocar o desencadeamento da proliferação de vetores e condições de riscos de acidentes. A pesquisa objetivou a verificação da viabilidade de uso do mencionado resíduo, localizado na comunidade Beira Mar II, município de Igarassu-PE, na produção de blocos vazados de concreto simples para alvenaria, a partir da formulação de distintas composições de traços, visando à determinação da composição ótima. Foi realizada, portanto, a substituição de percentuais de massa da brita usada do traço convencional do concreto, por equivalente massa de conchas de marisco Anomalocardia brasiliana moídas em moinho de discos com espaçamento entre discos correspondente a 9,5 mm. Esses blocos produzidos com as conchas de marisco Anomalocardia brasiliana, nas condições granulométricas impostas pela moagem e formulações de traços pré-estabelecidos, foram utilizados como corpos-de-prova para submissão a testes de verificação de qualidade. A produção dos blocos foi realizada de acordo com as recomendações das normas ABNT- NBR 6136:2016 - Blocos vazados de concreto simples para alvenaria - requisitos; e os ensaios absorção de água, determinação da área líquida, resistência à compressão e retração por secagem, realizados de acordo com a norma ABNT- NBR 12118:2013 - Blocos vazados de concreto simples para alvenaria – métodos de ensaio. Os resultados dos ensaios indicaram que os blocos produzidos com conchas de marisco Anomalocardia brasiliana, em todas as condições de traço, podem ser usados em alvenaria com função estrutural, sendo categorizados na classe B. A melhor condição de substituição, representada por 100% de permuta brita/concha, atendeu os requisitos normativos de resistência. O uso das conchas incorrerá na agregação de vantagens econômicas e sociais, pela contribuição na ampliação de postos de trabalho e renda e da redução dos impactos ambientais causados pelo descarte inadequado do resíduo resultante do beneficiamento da pesca artesanal de mariscos Anomalocardia brasiliana.
Effect of Multiple Sclerosis on Daily Activities, Emotional Well-being, and Relationships
Authors: Bass Ann D. , Van Wijmeersch Bart , Mayer Lori , Mäurer Mathias , Boster Aaron , Mandel Matt , Mitchell Colin , Sharrock Kersten , Singer Barry 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background:
The vsMS survey was conducted to better understand the negative effects of fatigue, cognitive impairment, emotional burden, and decreased physical functioning on the personal, professional, and social lives of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:
The vsMS survey was an online survey conducted in Australia, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States that assessed the impact of MS on individuals’ daily activities, emotional well-being, relationships, and employment.

Results:
The survey included 1075 participants with relapsing-remitting MS. Almost 42% of participants reported that their ability to perform and manage daily activities had worsened during the previous 2 years. More than 50% reported limitations in daily activities due to fatigue, physical weakness, problems with balance/coordination, heat/cold sensitivity, memory problems, numbness/tingling, trouble concentrating, impaired movement/muscle stiffness, and impaired sleeping. Participants also reported a negative effect on emotional and social factors, including self-esteem, general outlook, well-being, maintaining/starting relationships, ability to progress in their career/keep their job, and ability to cope with life roles.

Conclusions:
These data highlight the importance of addressing the impact of MS and the social and emotional disease burdens on daily activities when planning the care of patients with MS.
Play Matters
Authors: Sicart Miguel 
Published: August 2019

Why play is a productive, expressive way of being, a form of understanding, and a fundamental part of our well-being.
What do we think about when we think about play? A pastime? Games? Childish activities? The opposite of work? Think again: If we are happy and well rested, we may approach even our daily tasks in a playful way, taking the attitude of play without the activity of play. So what, then, is play? In Play Matters, Miguel Sicart argues that to play is to be in the world; playing is a form of understanding what surrounds us and a way of engaging with others. Play goes beyond games; it is a mode of being human.
We play games, but we also play with toys, on playgrounds, with technologies and design. Sicart proposes a theory of play that doesn't derive from a particular object or activity but is a portable tool for being—not tied to objects but brought by people to the complex interactions that form their daily lives. It is not separated from reality; it is part of it. It is pleasurable, but not necessarily fun. Play can be dangerous, addictive, and destructive.
Along the way, Sicart considers playfulness, the capacity to use play outside the context of play; toys, the materialization of play—instruments but also play pals; playgrounds, play spaces that enable all kinds of play; beauty, the aesthetics of play through action; political play—from Maradona's goal against England in the 1986 World Cup to the hactivist activities of Anonymous; the political, aesthetic, and moral activity of game design; and why play and computers get along so well.
Waste Is Information
Authors: Offenhuber Dietmar 
Published: August 2019

The relationship between infrastructure governance and the ways we read and represent waste systems, examined through three waste tracking and participatory sensing projects.
Waste is material information. Landfills are detailed records of everyday consumption and behavior; much of what we know about the distant past we know from discarded objects unearthed by archaeologists and interpreted by historians. And yet the systems and infrastructures that process our waste often remain opaque. In this book, Dietmar Offenhuber examines waste from the perspective of information, considering emerging practices and technologies for making waste systems legible and how the resulting datasets and visualizations shape infrastructure governance. He does so by looking at three waste tracking and participatory sensing projects in Seattle, São Paulo, and Boston.
Offenhuber expands the notion of urban legibility—the idea that the city can be read like a text—to introduce the concept of infrastructure legibility. He argues that infrastructure governance is enacted through representations of the infrastructural system, and that these representations stem from the different stakeholders' interests, which drive their efforts to make the system legible. The Trash Track project in Seattle used sensor technology to map discarded items through the waste and recycling systems; the Forager project looked at the informal organization processes of waste pickers working for Brazilian recycling cooperatives; and mobile systems designed by the city of Boston allowed residents to report such infrastructure failures as potholes and garbage spills. Through these case studies, Offenhuber outlines an emerging paradigm of infrastructure governance based on a
complex negotiation among users, technology, and the city.
Brain Signals
Authors: Ilmoniemi Risto J. , Sarvas Jukka 
Published: August 2019

A unified treatment of the generation and analysis of brain-generated electromagnetic fields.
In Brain Signals, Risto Ilmoniemi and Jukka Sarvas present the basic physical and mathematical principles of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG), describing what kind of information is available in the neuroelectromagnetic field and how the measured MEG and EEG signals can be analyzed. Unlike most previous works on these topics, which have been collections of writings by different authors using different conventions, this book presents the material in a unified manner, providing the reader with a thorough understanding of basic principles and a firm basis for analyzing data generated by MEG and EEG.

The book first provides a brief introduction to brain states and the early history of EEG and MEG, describes the generation of electromagnetic fields by neuronal activity, and discusses the electromagnetic forward problem. The authors then turn to EEG and MEG analysis, offering a review of linear and matrix algebra and basic statistics needed for analysis of the data, and presenting several analysis methods: dipole fitting; the minimum norm estimate (MNE); beamforming; the multiple signal classification algorithm (MUSIC), including RAP-MUSIC with the RAP dilemma and TRAP-MUSIC, which removes the RAP dilemma; independent component analysis (ICA); and blind source separation (BSS) with joint diagonalization.
The Art of Naming
Authors: Ohl Michael 
Published: August 2019

From Tyrannosaurus rex to Heteropoda davidbowie: scientific naming as a joyful and creative act.
Tyrannosaurus rex. Homo sapiens. Heteropoda davidbowie. Behind each act of scientific naming is a story. In this entertaining and illuminating book, Michael Ohl considers scientific naming as a joyful and creative act. There are about 1.8 million discovered and named plant and animal species, and millions more still to be discovered. Naming is the necessary next step after discovery; it is through the naming of species that we perceive and understand nature. Ohl explains the process, with examples, anecdotes, and a wildly varied cast of characters. He describes the rules for scientific naming; the vernacular isn't adequate. These rules—in standard binomial nomenclature, the generic name followed by specific name—go back to Linnaeus; but they are open to idiosyncrasy and individual expression. A lizard is designated Barbaturex morrisoni (in honor of the Doors' Jim Morrison, the Lizard King); a member of the horsefly family Scaptia beyonceae. Ohl, a specialist in “winged things that sting,” confesses that among the many wasp species he has named is Ampulex dementor, after the dementors in the Harry Potter novels. Scientific names have also been deployed by scientists to insult other scientists, to make political statements, and as expressions of romantic love: “I shall name this beetle after my beloved wife.”
The Art of Naming takes us on a surprising and fascinating journey, in the footsteps of the discoverers of species and the authors of names, into the nooks and crannies and drawers and cabinets of museums, and through the natural world of named and not-yet-named species.
Pretense Design
Authors: Mollerup Per 
Published: August 2019

How some design appears to be something that it is not—by beautifying, amusing, substituting, or deceiving.
Pretense design pretends to be something that it is not. Pretense design includes all kinds of designed objects: a pair of glasses that looks like a fashion accessory rather than a medical necessity, a hotel in Las Vegas that simulates a Venetian ambience complete with canals and gondolas, boiler plates that look like steel but are vinyl. In this book, Danish designer Per Mollerup defines and describes a ubiquitous design category that until now has not had a name: designed objects with an intentional discrepancy between surface and substance, between appearance and reality. Pretense design, he shows us, is a type of material rhetoric; it is a way for physical objects to speak persuasively, most often to benefit users but sometimes to deceive them.
After explaining the means and the meanings of pretense design, Mollerup describes four pretense design applications, providing a range of examples for each: beautification, amusement, substitution, and deception. Beautification, he explains, includes sunless tanning, high heels, and even sporty accessories for a family car. Amusement includes forms of irrational otherness—columns that don't hold anything up, an old building's façade that hides a new building, a new Chinese town that mimics an old European town. Substitution pretends to be a natural thing: plastic laminate is a substitute for wood, Corian a substitute for marble, and prosthetics substitute for human organs. Deception doesn't just bend the truth; it suspends it. Soldiers wear camouflage to hide; hunters use decoys to attract their prey; malware hides in a harmless program only to wreak havoc on a user's computer. With Pretense Design, Per Mollerup adds a new concept to design thinking.
Hacking Life
Authors: Reagle Joseph 
Published: August 2019

In an effort to keep up with a world of too much, life hackers sometimes risk going too far.
Life hackers track and analyze the food they eat, the hours they sleep, the money they spend, and how they're feeling on any given day. They share tips on the most efficient ways to tie shoelaces and load the dishwasher; they employ a tomato-shaped kitchen timer as a time-management tool.They see everything as a system composed of parts that can be decomposed and recomposed, with algorithmic rules that can be understood, optimized, and subverted. In Hacking Life, Joseph Reagle examines these attempts to systematize living and finds that they are the latest in a long series of self-improvement methods. Life hacking, he writes, is self-help for the digital age's creative class.
Reagle chronicles the history of life hacking, from Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanack through Stephen Covey's 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and Timothy Ferriss's The 4-Hour Workweek. He describes personal outsourcing, polyphasic sleep, the quantified self movement, and hacks for pickup artists. Life hacks can be useful, useless, and sometimes harmful (for example, if you treat others as cogs in your machine). Life hacks have strengths and weaknesses, which are sometimes like two sides of a coin: being efficient is not the same thing as being effective; being precious about minimalism does not mean you are living life unfettered; and compulsively checking your vital signs is its own sort of illness. With Hacking Life, Reagle sheds light on a question even non-hackers ponder: what does it mean to live a good life in the new millennium?
The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from the MIT Libraries.
Finding Our Place in the Universe
Authors: Courtois Hélène 
Published: August 2019

How a team of researchers, led by the author, discovered our home galaxy's location in the universe.
You are here: on Earth, which is part of the solar system, which is in the Milky Way galaxy, which itself is within the extragalactic supercluster Laniakea. And how can we pinpoint our location so precisely? For twenty years, astrophysicist Hélène Courtois surfed the cosmos with international teams of researchers, working to map our local universe. In this book, Courtois describes this quest and the discovery of our home supercluster.
Courtois explains that Laniakea (which means “immense heaven” in Hawaiian) is the largest galaxy structure known to which we belong; it is huge, almost too large to comprehend—about five hundred million light-years in diameter. It contains about 100,000 large galaxies like our own, and a million smaller ones. Writing accessibly for nonspecialists, Courtois describes the visualization and analysis that allowed her team to map such large structures of the universe. She highlights the work of individual researchers, including portraits of several exceptional women astrophysicists—presenting another side of astronomy. Key ideas are highlighted in text insets; illustrations accompany the main text.
The French edition of this book was named the Best Astronomy Book of 2017 by the astronomy magazine Ciel et espace. For this MIT Press English-language edition, Courtois has added descriptions of discoveries made after Laniakea: the cosmic velocity web and the Dipole and Cold Spot repellers. An engaging account of one of the most important discoveries in astrophysics in recent years, her story is a tribute to teamwork and international collaboration.
Quantum Strangeness
Authors: Greenstein George S. 
Published: August 2019

A physicist's efforts to understand the enigma that is quantum mechanics.
Quantum mechanics is one of the glories of our age. The theory lies at the heart of modern society. Quantum mechanics is one of our most valuable forecasters—a “great predictor.” It has immeasurably altered our conception of the natural world. Its philosophical implications are earthshaking. But quantum mechanics steadfastly refuses to speak of many things; it deals in probabilities rather than giving explicit descriptions. It never explains. Einstein, one of its creators, considered the theory incomplete. Even now, many years after the creation of quantum mechanics, physicists continue to argue about it. Astrophysicist George Greenstein has been both fascinated and confused by quantum mechanics for his entire career. In this book, he describes, engagingly and accessibly, his efforts to understand the enigma that is quantum mechanics.
The fastest route to the insight into the ultimate nature of reality revealed by quantum mechanics, Greenstein writes, is through Bell's Theorem, which concerns reality at the quantum level; and Bell's 1964 discovery drives Greenstein's quest. Greenstein recounts a scientific odyssey that begins with Einstein, continues with Bell, and culminates with today's push to develop an industry of quantum machines. Along the way, he discusses spin, entanglement, experimental metaphysics, and quantum teleportation, often with easy-to-grasp analogies. We have known for decades that the world of the quantum was strange, but, Greenstein says, not until John Bell came along did we know just how strange.
The Craft of Dying
Authors: Lofland Lyn H. 
Published: August 2019

The fortieth-anniversary edition of a classic and prescient work on death and dying.
Much of today's literature on end-of-life issues overlooks the importance of 1970s social movements in shaping our understanding of death, dying, and the dead body. This anniversary edition of Lyn Lofland's The Craft of Dying begins to repair this omission. Lofland identifies, critiques, and theorizes 1970s death movements, including the Death Acceptance Movement, the Death with Dignity Movement, and the Natural Death movement. All these groups attempted to transform death into a “positive experience,” anticipating much of today's death and dying activism.
Lofland turns a sociologist's eye on the era's increased interest in death, considering, among other things, the components of the modern “face of death” and the “craft of dying,” the construction of a dying role or identity by those who are dying, and the constraints on their freedom to do this. Lofland wrote just before the AIDS epidemic transformed the landscape of death and dying in the West; many of the trends she identified became the building blocks of AIDS activism in the 1980s and 1990s. The Craft of Dying will help readers understand contemporary death social movements' historical relationships to questions of race, class, gender, and sexuality and is a book that everyone interested in end-of-life politics should read.