bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Tracking
Authors: Han Sang-Soo , Shim Hye-Eun , Park Soon-Jung , Kim Byoung-Chul , Lee Dong-Eun , Chung Hyung-Min , Moon Sung-Hwan , Kang Sun-Woong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMetabolic labeling is one of the most powerful methods to label the live cell for in vitro and in vivo tracking. However, the cellular mechanisms by modified glycosylation due to metabolic agents are not fully understood. Therefore, metabolic labeling has not yet been widely used in EPC tracking and labeling. In this study, cell functional properties such as proliferation, migration and permeability and gene expression patterns of metabolic labeling agent-treated hUCB-EPCs were analyzed to demonstrate cellular effects of metabolic labeling agents. As the results, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz treatment had no effects on cellular function or gene regulations, however, higher concentration of Ac4ManNAz (>20 μM) led to the inhibition of functional properties (proliferation rate, viability and rate of endocytosis) and down-regulation of genes related to cell adhesion, PI3K/AKT, FGF and EGFR signaling pathways. Interestingly, the new blood vessel formation and angiogenic potential of hUCB-EPCs were not affected by Ac4ManNAz concentration. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimal concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo hUCB-EPC labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach can be used for understanding the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based therapy in vivo.
Cochaperones enable Hsp70 to use ATP energy to stabilize native proteins out of the folding equilibrium
Authors: Xu Huafeng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) chaperones, vital to the proper folding of proteins inside cells, consume ATP and require cochaperones in assisting protein folding. It is unclear whether Hsp70 can utilize the free energy from ATP hydrolysis to fold a protein into a native state that is thermodynamically unstable in the chaperone-free equilibrium. Here I present a model of Hsp70-mediated protein folding, which predicts that Hsp70, as a result of differential stimulation of ATP hydrolysis by its Hsp40 cochaperone, dissociates faster from a substrate in fold-competent conformations than from one in misfolding-prone conformations, thus elevating the native concentration above and suppressing the misfolded concentration below their respective equilibrium values. Previous models would not make or imply these predictions, which are experimentally testable. My model quantitatively reproduces experimental refolding kinetics, predicts how modulations of the Hsp70/Hsp40 chaperone system affect protein folding, and suggests new approaches to regulating cellular protein quality.
Spin-wave interference in magnetic vortex stacks
Authors: Behncke Carolin , Adolff Christian F. , Lenzing Nicolas , Hänze Max , Schulte Benedikt , Weigand Markus , Schütz Gisela , Meier Guido 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSpin waves with wavelengths in the nanometre range could serve as data carriers in future magnonic logic or signal processing devices. We investigate the interference of spin waves emitted from magnetic vortices in two exchange-coupled vortex stacks. The spin-wave dynamics are studied using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. Stacks of vortices provide an excellent controllability of spin-wave properties including a tunable wavelength in the 100 nm regime and manipulation of their propagation direction via the magnetisation configuration. Furthermore, interference gives rise to amplified or reduced spin-wave amplitudes in distinct areas of the structure providing controlled confinement crucial for future applications of spin waves.
Broadband heterogeneous terahertz frequency quantum cascade laser
Authors: Li L.H. , Garrasi K. , Kundu I. , Han Y.J. , Salih M. , Vitiello M.S. , Davies A.G. , Linfield E.H. 
Published: August 2018

The authors demonstrate a broadband, heterogeneous terahertz frequency quantum cascade laser by exploiting an active region design based on longitudinal optical‐phonon‐assisted interminiband transitions. They obtain continuous wave laser emission with a threshold current density of ∼120 A/cm2, a dynamic range of ∼3.1, and an emission spectrum spanning from 2.4 to 3.4 THz at 15 K.
Hybrid modulation method combining variable frequency and double phase‐shift for a 10 kW LLC resonant converter
Authors: Li Zhizhong , Wu Tianwen , Zhang Guidong , Yang Ru 
Published: August 2018

Features of the wide input voltage, high efficiency, and high power density are eagerly required in electric vehicle charging pile applications (EVCPA). To realise these features, this study devises a novel variable frequency and double phase‐shift hybrid modulation method into the full‐bridge three‐level LLC resonant converter for EVCPA. Therein, this study deeply analyses the characteristics and conditions of soft switching in dual phase‐shift operations, and wide voltage gain range realisations under technique of variable frequency. A 10 kW/400 V/25 A prototype with 95.5% efficiency is built for verification, whose experimental results show that the proposed converter can well achieve the aforementioned features to further drive its wide applications.
Solar meridional circulation from twenty-one years of SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI observations
Authors: Liang Zhi-Chao , Gizon Laurent , Birch Aaron C. , Duvall Thomas L. , Rajaguru S. P. 
Published: August 2018

Context. The solar meridional flow is an essential ingredient in flux-transport dynamo models. However, no consensus on its subsurface structure has been reached.Aims. We merge the data sets from SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI with the aim of achieving a greater precision on helioseismic measurements of the subsurface meridional flow.Methods. The south-north travel-time differences are measured by applying time-distance helioseismology to the MDI and HMI medium-degree Dopplergrams covering May 1996–April 2017. Our data analysis corrects for several sources of systematic effects:P-angle error, surface magnetic field effects, and center-to-limb variations. For HMI data, we used theP-angle correction provided by the HMI team based on the Venus and Mercury transits. For MDI data, we used aP-angle correction estimated from the correlation of MDI and HMI data during the period of overlap. The center-to-limb effect is estimated from the east-west travel-time differences and is different for MDI and HMI observations. An interpretation of the travel-time measurements is obtained using a forward-modeling approach in the ray approximation.Results. In the latitude range 20°–35°, the travel-time differences are similar in the southern hemisphere for cycles 23 and 24. However, they differ in the northern hemisphere between cycles 23 and 24. Except for cycle 24’s northern hemisphere, the measurements favor a single-cell meridional circulation model where the poleward flows persist down to ∼0.8R⊙, accompanied by local inflows toward the activity belts in the near-surface layers. Cycle 24’s northern hemisphere is anomalous: travel-time differences are significantly smaller when travel distances are greater than 20°. This asymmetry between northern and southern hemispheres during cycle 24 was not present in previous measurements, which assumed a differentP-angle error correction where south-north travel-time differences are shifted to zero at the equator for all travel distances. In our measurements, the travel-time differences at the equator are zero for travel distances less than ∼30°, but they do not vanish for larger travel distances. This equatorial offset for large travel distances need not be interpreted as a deep cross-equator flow; it could be due to the presence of asymmetrical local flows at the surface near the end points of the acoustic ray paths.Conclusions. The combined MDI and HMI helioseismic measurements presented here contain a wealth of information about the subsurface structure and the temporal evolution of the meridional circulation over 21 years. To infer the deep meridional flow, it will be necessary to model the contribution from the complex time-varying flows in the near-surface layers.
Die Veränderung des sagittalen Profils im Alter und dessen therapeutische Relevanz
Authors: Tschöke Sven 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie steigende Zahl der komplexen Wirbelsäulendeformitäten im Alter stellt eine neue therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Hierbei wird dem komplexen Zusammenspiel der spinopelvinen Kompensationsmechanismen eine besondere Bedeutung zugeschrieben. Obwohl die Analyse der globalen sagittalen Balance wesentlich zum Verständnis dieser Mechanismen beigetragen hat, wird die vereinfachte algebraische Darstellung und Definition des „normalen“ Sagittalprofils dem älteren Patienten mit multiplen degenerativen Veränderungen des Bewegungsapparates nicht gerecht. Vielmehr ist beim älteren Patienten eine durch die unzureichende Flexibilität der benachbarten Strukturen limitierte „Komfort-Balance“ funktionell nicht zwingend nachteilig. Dennoch sollte das therapeutische Ziel immer die Wiederherstellung einer harmonischen Lastverteilung an der Wirbelsäule sein. Bei älteren Patienten mit einer symptomatisch dekompensierten sagittalen Imbalance, bleibt die rein konservative Therapie meist ohne Erfolg. In diesen Fällen sollte immer die strukturell zugrunde liegende Pathologie im Sinne der Profilkorrektur adressiert werden. Die Wahl der operativen Technik, Länge des Konstrukts und dessen Verankerungspunkte müssen dabei die individuellen Möglichkeiten, Risiken und Bedürfnisse des älteren Patienten berücksichtigen, um eine iatrogene Invalidisierung und komplikationsbedingte Sekundäreingriffe zu vermeiden. Mit stetig steigender Lebenserwartung unserer Bevölkerung werden wir uns dem wachsenden Anspruch, auch im hohen Alter aktiv bleiben zu können, stellen müssen. Dies setzt ein ganzheitliches Verständnis der patienteneigenen Leistungsfähigkeit sowie eine realistische Einschätzung des zu erzielenden Ergebnisses und das Beherrschen aller operativer Korrekturtechniken voraus.
Effects of two instrument-generation changes on adenoma detection rate during screening colonoscopy: results from a prospective randomized comparative study
Authors: Zimmermann-Fraedrich Katharina , Groth Stefan , Sehner Susanne , Schubert Stefan , Aschenbeck Jens , Mayr Michael , Aminalai Alireza , Schröder Andreas , Bruhn Jens-Peter , Bläker Michael , Rösch Thomas , Schachschal Guido 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that multiple colonoscope features have to be changed before an improvement in adenoma detection rate (ADR) becomes obvious, such as with changing from one instrument generation to the next but one. We wanted to evaluate whether such an effect can also be observed in a private-practice screening setting.
Methods In a randomized study, we compared the latest generation colonoscopes from one company (Olympus Exera III, 190) with the next to last one (Olympus 165), including only patients presenting for screening colonoscopy. The primary outcome was ADR achieved with 190 colonoscopes (190-C) in comparison with 165 colonoscopes (165-C).
Results 1221 patients (46.1 % men; mean age 62.2 years, standard deviation 6.6) were included (599 screened with the Olympus Exera III, 190). The ADR difference in favor of the 190-C instrument (32 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 26 % to 39 %] vs. 28 % [95 %CI 22 % to 34 %] in the 165-C group) failed to reach statistical significance (P = 0.10); only the rate of small (< 5 mm) adenomas was significantly increased at 22.5 % (95 %CI 19 % to 26 %) vs. 15.6 % (95 %CI 13 % to 18 %; P = 0.002). Furthermore, significantly more adenomas were found in the 190-C group, with an adenoma rate (all adenomas/all patients) of 0.57 (95 %CI 0.53 to 0.61) vs. 0.47 (95 %CI 0.43 to 0.51; P < 0.001).
Conclusions This randomized comparative trial in a private-practice screening setting only partially confirmed the results of prior studies that, with multiple imaging improvements achieved over two instrument generations, an increase in overall adenoma number becomes measurable.
Fully vs. partially covered selfexpandable metal stent for palliation of malignant esophageal strictures: a randomized trial (the COPAC study)
Authors: Didden Paul , Reijm Agnes , Erler Nicole , Wolters Leonieke , Tang Thjon , ter Borg Pieter , Leeuwenburgh Ivonne , Bruno Marco , Spaander Manon 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Covered esophageal self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) are currently used for palliation of malignant dysphagia. The optimal extent of the covering to prevent recurrent obstruction is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to compare fully covered (FC) versus partially covered (PC) SEMSs in patients with incurable malignant esophageal stenosis.
Methods In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, 98 incurable patients with dysphagia caused by a malignant stricture of the esophagus or cardia were randomized 1:1 to an FC-SEMS or PC-SEMS. The primary outcome was recurrent obstruction after endoscopic SEMS placement. Secondary outcomes were technical and clinical success, adverse events, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Patients were followed until 6 months after SEMS placement or to SEMS removal, second SEMS insertion, or death, whichever came first.
Results Recurrent obstruction after SEMS placement was similar for both types of stents: 19 % for FC-SEMSs and 22 % for PC-SEMSs (P = 0.65). The times to recurrent obstruction did not differ. The frequency of adverse events was similar between the two groups, with major adverse events occurring in 38 % and 47 % of patients for FC-SEMSs and PC-SEMSs, respectively (P = 0.34). No significant differences were seen in technical success, improvement of dysphagia, and HRQoL. Proximal esophageal stenosis and female sex were independently associated with recurrent obstruction and/or major adverse events.
Conclusions Esophageal FC-SEMSs did not reveal a lower recurrent obstruction rate compared with PC-SEMSs in the palliative management of malignant dysphagia.
Peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy is efficacious and safe for refractory gastroparesis: prospective trial with assessment of pyloric function
Authors: Jacques Jérémie , Pagnon Lauriane , Hure Florent , Legros Romain , Crepin Sabrina , Fauchais Anne-Laure , Palat Sylvain , Ducrotté Philippe , Marin Benoit , Fontaine Sebastien , Boubaddi Nour , Clement Marie-Pierre , Sautereau Denis , Loustaud-Ratti Veronique , Gourcerol Guillaume , Monteil Jacques 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Gastroparesis is a functional disorder with a variety of symptoms that is characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. A recent series of retrospective studies has demonstrated that peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM) is a promising endoscopic procedure for treating patients with refractory gastroparesis. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of G-POEM.
Methods 20 patients with refractory gastroparesis (10 diabetic and 10 nondiabetic) were prospectively included in the trial. Patients were treated by G-POEM after evaluation of pyloric function using an endoscopic functional luminal imaging probe. Clinical responses were evaluated using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI), and quality of life was assessed using the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders – Quality of Life scale and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index scores. Gastric emptying was measured using 4-hour scintigraphy before G-POEM and at 3 months.
Results Feasibility of the procedure was 100 %. Compared with baseline values, G-POEM significantly improved symptoms (GCSI: 1.3 vs. 3.5; P < 0.001), quality of life, and gastric emptying (T½: 100 vs. 345 minutes, P < 0.001; %H2: 56.0 % vs. 81.5 %, P < 0.001; %H4: 15.0 % vs. 57.5 %, P = 0.003) at 3 months. The clinical success of G-POEM using the functional imaging probe inflated to 50 mL had specificity of 100 % and sensitivity of 72.2 % (P = 0.04; 95 % confidence interval 0.51 – 0.94; area under the curve 0.72) at a distensibility threshold of 9.2 mm2/mmHg.
Conclusion G-POEM was efficacious and safe for treating refractory gastroparesis, especially in patients with low pyloric distensibility.
Endoscopic gastric reduction with an endoluminal suturing device: a multicenter prospective trial with 1-year follow-up
Authors: Huberty Vincent , Machytka Evzen , Boškoski Ivo , Barea Marie , Costamagna Guido , Deviere Jacques 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Obesity is the pandemic disease of this century. Surgery is the only effective treatment but cannot be offered to every patient. Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty is a minimally invasive technique that may potentially fill the gap between surgery and behavioral therapy. In this study, we prospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel suturing device.
Methods After a pre-bariatric multidisciplinary work-up, class 1 and 2 obese patients were included. Using a simple triangulation platform, transmural sutures with serosa-to-serosa apposition were performed in the gastric cavity. Patients were followed according to the same routines as those performed for bariatric procedures.
Results Between November 2015 and December 2016, 51 patients were included across three European Centers. Mean body mass index at baseline was 35.1 kg/m2 (SD 3.0). Excess weight loss and total body weight loss at 1 year were 29 % (SD 28) and 7.4 % (SD 7), respectively, for the whole cohort (45 patients). At follow-up gastroscopy, 88 % of sutures were still in place (30 patients). No severe adverse events were observed.
Conclusions Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty using this novel device is safe and achieved weight loss results in line with criteria expected for these endoluminal techniques. Further prospective studies vs. placebo or nutritional support are needed.
Quality of Life, Glycemic Control, Safety and Tolerability Associated
with Liraglutide or Insulin Initiation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in
Germany: Results from the Prospective, Non-interventional LIBERTY
Study
Authors: Lundershausen Rainer , Müller Sabrina , Hashim Mahmoud , Kienhöfer Joachim , Kipper Stefan , Wilke Thomas 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Purpose To assess quality of life, glycemic control, and
safety/tolerability associated with liraglutide versus insulin
initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes in Germany.
Methods Liraglutide/insulin-naïve adults with type 2
diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite using oral antidiabetic
medication were assigned to liraglutide (≤1.8 mg daily;
n=878) or any insulin (n=382) according to the treating
physician’s decision and followed for 52 weeks. The primary
objective was to evaluate Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life
(ADDQoL) scores.
Results At baseline, the liraglutide group was younger and had
shorter type 2 diabetes duration, lower glycated hemoglobin
(HbA1c), higher body mass index, and a lower prevalence of
certain diabetes-related complications than the insulin group (all
p<0.05). ADDQoL average weighted impact scores improved numerically
in both groups from baseline to 52 weeks (mean difference [95%
confidence interval], liraglutide vs. insulin: 0.159 [−0.023;0.340];
not significant). Changes in general wellbeing and five ADDQoL domains
significantly favored liraglutide (remaining 14 domains, not significant).
HbA1c reductions were greater with insulin than liraglutide
(−2.0% vs. −1.2%; p<0.01); however,
mean HbA1c after 52 weeks was 7.2% in both groups.
Compared with insulin, liraglutide significantly decreased body mass index
(−1.54 kg/m2 vs.
+0.27 kg/m2; p<0.001),
systolic blood pressure (−5.03 mmHg vs.
−1.03 mmHg; p<0.01) and non-severe hypoglycemia
(0.85% vs. 4.55% at 52 weeks; p<0.01). Adverse drug
reactions were reported for<3% of patients in both
groups.
Conclusions Liraglutide improved certain ADDQoL components and
reduced body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and non-severe
hypoglycemia versus insulin. Both treatments improved glycemic control.
Colon cleansing efficacy and safety with 1 L NER1006 versus 2 L polyethylene glycol + ascorbate: a randomized phase 3 trial
Authors: Bisschops Raf , Manning Jonathan , Clayton Lucy , Ng Kwet Shing Richard , Álvarez-González Marco ,   on behalf of the MORA Study Group
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based bowel preparations are effective cleansers but many require high-volume intake. This phase 3, randomized, blinded, multicenter, parallel-group, central reader-assessed study assessed the 1 L PEG NER1006 bowel preparation vs. standard 2 L PEG with ascorbate (2LPEG).
Methods Patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized (1:1:1) to receive NER1006, as an evening/morning (N2D) or morning-only (N1D) regimen, or evening/morning 2LPEG. Cleansing was assessed using the Harefield Cleansing Scale (HCS) and the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). Primary end points were overall bowel cleansing success and high-quality cleansing in the right colon. Modified full analysis set (mFAS) and per protocol (PP) analyses were performed. Mean cleansing scores were analyzed post hoc.

Results Of 849 randomized patients, efficacy was analyzed in the following patient numbers (mFAS/PP): total n = 822/670; N2D n = 275/220; N1D n = 275/218; 2LPEG n = 272/232. mFAS established noninferiority. PP showed superiority for N2D on overall success (97.3 % vs. 92.2 %; P = 0.014), and for N2D and N1D on right colon high-quality cleansing (N2D 32.3 % vs. 15.9 %, P < 0.001; N1D 34.4 % vs. 15.9 %, P < 0.001) vs. 2LPEG. Using HCS, N2D and N1D attained superior segmental high-quality cleansing (P ≤ 0.003 per segment). N2D showed superior mean segmental HCS scores (P ≤ 0.007 per segment). Both N2D and N1D achieved superior mean overall (P < 0.001 and P = 0.006) and right colon BBPS scores (P < 0.001 and P = 0.013). N2D demonstrated superior right colon polyp detection (P = 0.024). Adherence, tolerability, and safety were comparable between treatments.
Conclusions NER1006 is the first low-volume preparation to demonstrate superior colon cleansing efficacy vs. standard 2LPEG with ascorbate, with comparable safety and tolerability. European Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT)2014-002185-78TRIAL REGISTRATION: Multicenter, randomized, parallel group, phase 3 trial 2014-002185-78 at https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/