bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial microvesicles in hypoxic hypoxia diseases
Authors: Deng Fan , Wang Shuang , Xu Riping , Yu Wenqian , Wang Xianyu , Zhang Liangqing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHypoxic hypoxia, including abnormally low partial pressure of inhaled oxygen, external respiratory dysfunction‐induced respiratory hypoxia and venous blood flow into the arterial blood, is characterized by decreased arterial oxygen partial pressure, resulting in tissue oxygen deficiency. The specific characteristics include reduced arterial oxygen partial pressure and oxygen content. Hypoxic hypoxia diseases (HHDs) have attracted increased attention due to their high morbidity and mortality and mounting evidence showing that hypoxia‐induced oxidative stress, coagulation, inflammation and angiogenesis play extremely important roles in the physiological and pathological processes of HHDs‐related vascular endothelial injury. Interestingly, endothelial microvesicles (EMVs), which can be induced by hypoxia, hypoxia‐induced oxidative stress, coagulation and inflammation in HHDs, have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication and cellular functions. EMVs shed from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells (ECs) reflect the degree of ECs damage, and elevated EMVs levels are present in several HHDs, including obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, EMVs have procoagulant, proinflammatory and angiogenic functions that affect the pathological processes of HHDs. This review summarizes the emerging roles of EMVs in the diagnosis, staging, treatment and clinical prognosis of HHDs.
Change in male coloration associated with artificial selection on foraging colour preference
Authors: Cole Gemma L. , Endler John A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSensory drive proposes that natural selection on nonmating behaviours (e.g. foraging preferences) alters sensory system properties and results in a correlated effect on mating preferences and subsequently sexual traits. In colour‐based systems, we can test this by selecting on nonmating colour preferences and testing for responses in colour‐based female preferences and male sexual coloration. In guppies (Poecilia reticulata), individual functional links of sensory drive have been demonstrated providing an opportunity to test the process over more than one link. We measured male coloration and female preferences in populations previously artificially selected for colour‐based foraging behaviour towards two colours, red and blue. We found associated changes in male coloration in the expected direction as well as weak changes in female preferences. Our results can be explained by a correlated response in female preferences due to artificial selection on foraging preferences that are mediated by a shared sensory system or by other mechanisms such as colour avoidance, pleiotropy or social experiences. This is the first experimental evidence that selection on a nonmating behaviour can affect male coloration and, more weakly, female preferences.
Picture‐Based Memory Impairment Screen: Effective Cognitive Screen in Ethnically Diverse Populations
Authors: Malik Rubina , Weiss Erica F. , Gottesman Reena , Zwerling Jessica , Verghese Joe 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo describe the psychometric properties of the Picture‐based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS) in a multidisciplinary memory disorder center serving an ethnically and educationally diverse community.DesignCross‐sectional cohort study.SettingMontefiore Center for Aging Brain (CAB)ParticipantsIndividuals with cognitive complaints (N=405; average age 76±10, 66% female).MeasurementsA geriatrician or neurologist administered the PMIS, and a neuropsychologist administered the Blessed Information, Memory, and Concentration (BIMC) test and determined whether participants had dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or subjective cognitive complaints (SCC).ResultsMean PMIS scores were 4.0±2.6 in participants with dementia (n=194), 6.8±1.5 in those with MCI (n= 155), and 7.0±1.8 in those with SCC (n= 56) (p<.001). PMIS scores showed similar significant linear trends when analyzed according to ethnicity, education, sex, and language. The PMIS was negatively correlated with BIMC score (p<.001). The PMIS had positive predictive value of 77%, negative predictive value of 73%, sensitivity of 68%, and specificity of 81% to detect all‐cause dementia in this population of individuals with cognitive complaints.ConclusionThe PMIS is a quick, valid screening tool to identify cognitive impairment in individuals with cognitive complaints that accounts for cultural and educational differences.
The zinc fingers of the small optic lobes calpain bind polyubiquitin
Authors: Hastings Margaret H. , Qiu Alvin , Zha Congyao , Farah Carole A. , Mahdid Yacine , Ferguson Larissa , Sossin Wayne S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe small optic lobes (SOL) calpain is a highly conserved member of the calpain family expressed in the nervous system. A dominant negative form of the SOL calpain inhibited consolidation of one form of synaptic plasticity, non‐associative facilitation, in sensory‐motor neuronal cultures in Aplysia, presumably by inhibiting cleavage of protein kinase Cs (PKCs) into constitutively active protein kinase Ms (PKMs) (Hu et al. 2017a). SOL calpains have a conserved set of 5–6 N‐terminal zinc fingers. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that these zinc fingers could bind to ubiquitin. In this study, we show that both the Aplysia and mouse SOL calpain (also known as Calpain 15) zinc fingers bind ubiquitinated proteins, and we confirm that Aplysia SOL binds poly‐ but not mono‐ or diubiquitin. No specific zinc finger is required for polyubiquitin binding. Neither polyubiquitin nor calcium was sufficient to induce purified Aplysia SOL calpain to autolyse or to cleave the atypical PKC to PKM in vitro. In Aplysia, over‐expression of the atypical PKC in sensory neurons leads to an activity‐dependent cleavage event and an increase in nuclear ubiquitin staining. Activity‐dependent cleavage is partially blocked by a dominant negative SOL calpain, but not by a dominant negative classical calpain. The cleaved PKM was stabilized by the dominant negative classical calpain and destabilized by a dominant negative form of the PKM stabilizing protein KIdney/BRAin protein. These studies provide new insight into SOL calpain's function and regulation.Open PracticesOpen Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge.For more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/
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Automatic Generation of Semantically Rich As‐Built Building Information Models Using 2D Images: A Derivative‐Free Optimization Approach
Authors: Xue Fan , Lu Weisheng , Chen Ke 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOver the past decade a considerable number of studies have focused on generating semantically rich as‐built building information models (BIMs). However, the prevailing methods rely on laborious manual segmentation or automatic but error‐prone segmentation. In addition, the methods failed to make good use of existing semantics sources. This article presents a novel segmentation‐free derivative‐free optimization (DFO) approach that translates the generation of as‐built BIMs from 2D images into an optimization problem of fitting BIM components regarding architectural and topological constraints. The semantics of the BIMs are subsequently enriched by linking the fitted components with existing semantics sources. The approach was prototyped in two experiments using an outdoor and an indoor case, respectively. The results showed that in the outdoor case 12 out of 13 BIM components were correctly generated within 1.5 hours, and in the indoor case all target BIM components were correctly generated with a root‐mean‐square deviation (RMSD) of 3.9 cm in about 2.5 hours. The main computational novelties of this study are: (1) to translate the automatic as‐built BIM generation from 2D images as an optimization problem; (2) to develop an effective and segmentation‐free approach that is fundamentally different from prevailing methods; and (3) to exploit online open BIM component information for semantic enrichment, which, to a certain extent, alleviates the dilemma between information inadequacy and information overload in BIM development.
Evidence for the presence of Ctenocephalides orientis in livestock dwellings in northwest Iran
Authors: Seyyed‐Zadeh S. J. , Bozorg‐Omid F. , Telmadarraiy Z. , Terenius O. , Chavshin A. R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFleas are important vectors of diseases such as murine typhus, tularaemia, hymenolepiasis and plague. The presence of active foci and history of human‐ and flea‐transmitted plague in northwest Iran prompted the present group to collect and identify fleas from human and livestock dwellings across West Azerbaijan Province. Adult fleas were collected and identified using routine taxonomic keys. Species designation was confirmed by sequencing the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Of the collected specimens (n = 989), 104 were collected off‐host (30 from human dwellings and 74 in light traps) and the rest were found on hosts (107 on animals and 778 by human bait). Of these fleas, 394 (40%) were male and 595 (60%) were female. The collected specimens belonged to the species Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Ctenocephalides orientis and Pulex irritans (all: Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). The amplified COI fragment, in addition to confirming the morphological identification of species, showed good efficacy in separating the different species in the phylogenetic analysis. In addition to the identification of fleas from human and livestock dwellings using morphological and molecular characteristics, the current paper represents the first report of the presence of C. orientis in northwest Iran. This finding suggests that changing climate conditions may have expanded the distribution of this species.
A Comprehensive Method to Measure 3-Dimensional Bra Motion During Physical Activity
Authors: Arch Elisa S. , Colón Sarah , Richards James G. 
Published: May 2018

Breast and bra motion research aims to understand how the breasts/bra move to aid development of apparel that minimizes motion. Most previously published research has tracked nipple motion to represent bra motion. However, this method does not provide information regarding regional tissue motion. A more comprehensive approach might facilitate understanding how the entire soft-tissue mass moves during physical activities. This study developed and tested an objective method to comprehensively measure 3-dimensional bra motion, including regional displacement and velocity, displacement phasing, and surface stretch. To test the method, 6 females were fitted with a minimally supportive, seamless bra (small bra n = 3; large bra n = 3). Data were collected as participants ran on a treadmill. Results indicated marker displacement, velocity, link stretch, and link stretch velocities reached as high as 52.6 (6.8) mm, 504.8 (88.7) mm/s, 29.5% (7.1%) of minimum length, and 3.8 (1.0) mm/s/mm, respectively, with the large bra having greater motions compared with the small. Most bra motion occurred above/below the nipple region and at the bra’s strap–body interface, independent of bra size. Importantly, maximum marker displacement and velocity did not occur at the nipple. Measurements obtained from this new method may be important for designing innovative clothing that minimizes bra motion during physical activity.
Effect of Puck Mass as a Task Constraint on Skilled and Less-Skilled Ice Hockey Players Performance
Authors: Nimmins Joshua , Strafford Ben , Stone Joseph 
Published: May 2018

Manipulation of task constraints have previously been effective in task simplification enhancing skill development. This study examines how manipulation of puck masses affects movement behaviors in skilled and less-skilled ice hockey players during a representative ice hockey task. Fifty participants were separated into a skilled (n = 25) or less-skilled (n = 25) group. Three trials per condition of an obstacle course and breakaway goal attempt were completed in a counter-balanced design using three puck masses, categorized as light (133 g), regulation (170 g), and heavy (283 g). Findings revealed that use of the light puck by less-skilled participants reduced obstacle-course completion time (p < .05,) and error occurrence (p < .05,) while improving shot accuracy (p < .05,) and goal success (p < .05,) compared to the regulation and heavy puck. However, skilled participants had a decrease in performance when deviating from the regulation puck for all the dependent measures excluding an increase in goal success when using the light puck (p < .05,). Findings demonstrated the functional coupling of puck mass and movement behaviors are dependent on the skill level of the performer.
Kinesio® Tape Barrier Does Not Inhibit Intramuscular Cooling During Cryotherapy
Authors: Lyman Katie J. , McCrone Michael , Hanson Thomas A. , Mellinger Christopher D. , Gange Kara 
Published: May 2018

Context:Allied health care professionals commonly apply cryotherapy as treatment for acute musculoskeletal trauma and the associated symptoms. Understanding the impact of a tape barrier on intramuscular temperature can assist in determining treatment duration for effective cryotherapy.Objective:To determine whether Kinesio®Tape acts as a barrier that affects intramuscular temperature during cryotherapy application.Design:A repeated-measures, counterbalanced design in which the independent variable was tape application and the dependent variable was muscle temperature as measured by thermocouples placed 1 cm beneath the adipose layer. Additional covariates for robustness were body mass index and adipose thickness.Setting:University research laboratory.Participants:Nineteen male college students with no contraindications to cryotherapy, no known sensitivity to Kinesio®Tape, and no reported quadriceps injury within the past 6 months.Intervention:Topical cryotherapy: cubed ice bags of 1 kg and 0.5 kg.Main Outcome Measures:Intramuscular temperature.Results:The tape barrier had no statistically significant effect on muscle temperature. The pattern of temperature change was indistinguishable between participants with and without tape application.Conclusions:Findings suggest that health care professionals can combine cryotherapy with a Kinesio®Tape application without any need for adjustments to cryotherapy duration.
Reliability of 5 Novel Reaction Time and Cognitive Load Protocols
Authors: Picha Kelsey , Quintana Carolina , Glueck Amanda , Hoch Matt , Heebner Nicholas R. , Abt John P. 
Published: May 2018

Context: Reaction time (RT) is crucial to athletic performance. Therefore, when returning athletes to play following injury, it is important to evaluate RT characteristics ensuring a safe return. The Dynavision D2® system may be utilized as an assessment and rehabilitation aid in the determination of RT under various levels of cognitive load. Previous research has demonstrated good reliability of simple protocols when assessed following a 24- to 48-hour test–retest window. Expanding reliable test–retest intervals may further refine novel RT protocols for use as a diagnostic and rehabilitation tool. Objective: To investigate the test–retest reliability of a battery of 5 novel RT protocols at different time intervals. Design: Repeated measures/reliability. Setting: Interdisciplinary sports medicine research laboratory. Participants: Thirty healthy individuals. Methods: Participants completed a battery of protocols increasing in difficulty in terms of reaction speed requirement and cognitive load. Prior to testing, participants were provided 3 familiarization trials. All protocols required participants to hit as many lights as quickly as possible in 60 seconds. After completing the initial testing session (session 1), participants waited 1 hour before completing the second session (session 2). Approximately 2 weeks later (average 14 [4] d), the participants completed the same battery of tasks for the third session (session 3). Main Outcome Measures: The intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change, and repeated-measures analysis of variance were calculated for RT. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient values for each of the 5 protocols illustrated good to excellent reliability between sessions 1, 2, and 3 (.75–.90). There were no significant differences across time points (F < 0.105, P > .05). Conclusions: The 1-hour and 14-day test–retest intervals are reliable for clinical assessment, expanding the time frames previously reported in the literature of when assessments can be completed reliably. This study provides novel protocols that challenge cognition in unique ways.
Relationship Between Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation and Acromiohumeral Distance Change During Shoulder Elevation With Scapular Retraction
Authors: Guney-Deniz Hande , Harput Gulcan , Toprak Ugur , Duzgun Irem 
Published: May 2018

Context: The scapular retraction exercises are widely used among clinicians to balance the activity of the scapular muscles as well as the rotator cuff muscles in different shoulder abduction positions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between scapular (middle and upper trapezius) and shoulder muscles (middle deltoid and infraspinatus) activation level differences and acromiohumeral distance changes during shoulder abduction with scapular retraction. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University research laboratory. Participants: Nineteen asymptomatic individuals were included (mean [SD]: age = 22.4 [1.8] y). Main Outcome Measure: The acromiohumeral distance was measured at 0° and 90° shoulder abduction when the scapula was in nonretracted and retracted position with ultrasound imaging. The relationship between muscle activation level changes and acromiohumeral distance difference was analyzed with the Pearson correlation test. Results: Middle trapezius muscle activity change correlated with acromiohumeral distance difference (r = .55, P = .02) from 0° to 90° shoulder abduction when scapula was retracted. For both nonretracted and retracted scapular positions, no correlations were found between middle deltoid, infraspinatus, and upper trapezius muscle activity changes with acromiohumeral distance differences during shoulder abduction (P > .05). Conclusions: Active scapular retraction exercise, especially focusing on the middle trapezius muscle activation, seems to be an effective treatment option to optimize the acromiohumeral distance during shoulder abduction.
Twist1 Regulates Vimentin through Cul2 Circular RNA to Promote EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Meng Jing , Chen Shuang , Han Jing-Xia , Qian Baoxin , Wang Xiao-Rui , Zhong Wei-Long , Qin Yuan , Zhang Heng , Gao Wan-Feng , Lei Yue-Yang , Yang Wei , Yang Lan , Zhang Chao , Liu Hui-Juan , Liu Yan-Rong , Zhou Hong-Gang , Sun Tao , Yang Cheng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTwist is a critical epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)–inducing transcription factor that increases expression of vimentin. How Twist1 regulates this expression remains unclear. Here, we report that Twist1 regulates Cullin2 (Cul2) circular RNA to increase expression of vimentin in EMT. Twist1 bound the Cul2 promoter to activate its transcription and to selectively promote expression of Cul2 circular RNA (circ-10720), but not mRNA. circ-10720 positively correlated with Twist1, tumor malignance, and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Twist1 promoted vimentin expression by increasing levels of circ-10720, which can absorb miRNAs that target vimentin. circ-10720 knockdown counteracted the tumor-promoting activity of Twist1 in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft and diethylnitrosamine-induced TetOn-Twist1 transgenic mouse HCC models. These data unveil a mechanism by which Twist1 regulates vimentin during EMT. They also provide potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment and provide new insight for circular RNA (circRNA)-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Significance: A circRNA-based mechanism drives Twist1-mediated regulation of vimentin during EMT and provides potential therapeutic targets for treatment of HCC.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/15/4150/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4150–62. ©2018 AACR.
Radiotherapy and CD40 Activation Separately Augment Immunity to Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer
Authors: Rech Andrew J. , Dada Hannah , Kotzin Jonathan J. , Henao-Mejia Jorge , Minn Andy J. , Twyman-Saint Victor Christina , Vonderheide Robert H. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Immunotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remains a difficult clinical problem despite success in other disease types with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Mechanisms driving immunosuppression and poor T-cell infiltration in PDA are incompletely understood. Here, we use genetically engineered mouse models of PDA that recapitulate hallmarks of human disease to demonstrate that CD40 pathway activation is required for clinical response to radiotherapy and ICB with αCTLA-4 and αPD-1. The combination of an agonist αCD40 antibody, radiotherapy, and dual ICB eradicated irradiated and unirradiated (i.e., abscopal) tumors, generating long-term immunity. Response required T cells and also short-lived myeloid cells and was dependent on the long noncoding RNA myeloid regulator Morrbid. Using unbiased random forest machine learning, we built unique, contextual signatures for each therapeutic component, revealing that (i) radiotherapy triggers an early proinflammatory stimulus, ablating existing intratumoral T cells and upregulating MHC class I and CD86 on antigen-presenting cells, (ii) αCD40 causes a systemic and intratumoral reorganization of the myeloid compartment, and (iii) ICB increases intratumoral T-cell infiltration and improves the CD8 T-cell:regulatory T-cell ratio. Thus, αCD40 and radiotherapy nonredundantly augment antitumor immunity in PDA, which is otherwise refractory to ICB, providing a clear rationale for clinical evaluation.
Significance: Radiotherapy and αCD40 disrupt key links between innate and adaptive immunity, ameliorating resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer via multiple cellular mechanisms. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4282–91. ©2018 AACR.