bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ILSM: A package for analyzing the interconnection structure of tripartite interaction networks
Authors: Sun Weicheng , Zhao Yangyang , Yan Chuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn natural or human-disturbed ecosystems, ecological networks often comprise multiple interaction types, which have been often represented by multipartite ecological networks. One important aspect of their network architecture is how different interaction types or subnetworks are interconnected by shared species, here defined as the interconnection structure. Previous studies have proposed various indices of shared species to characterize macro-scale interconnection patterns and micro-scale centrality, but the meso-scale interconnection structures (here defined as interconnection motifs) remain largely unexplored. Furthermore, there is no package available in the R programming language for conducting analyses of various interconnection structures.Within a tripartite network with two interaction subnetworks, we define the forms of interconnection motifs and unique roles within these motifs. Then we introduce the R package ILSM for analyzing interconnection patterns, interconnection centrality, and interconnection motif. Specifically, we derive mathematical expressions for the frequencies of interconnection motifs and species roles within motifs.We describe the main functions in the package and demonstrate their uses with an example pollinator-plant-herbivore network.ILSM will help ecologists understand how different types of interactions are interconnected together by shared species using interconnection pattern, centrality and motif.
An auxin-inducible degron system for conditional mutation in the fungal meningitis pathogenCryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Huang Manning Y. , Nalley Matt J. , Hecht Patrick , Madhani Hiten D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCryptococcus neoformansis the top-ranked W.H.O. fungal priority pathogen, but tools for generating conditional mutations are limited. Auxin-inducible degron systems permit rapid and effective cellular depletion of a tagged protein of interest upon adding a small molecule. These tools are invaluable, particularly for studying essential genes, which may play important roles in pathogen biology. AID2 is one such system that improves on previous strategies. This system achieves greater sensitivity and specificity using a “bumped” auxin, 5-Ph-IAA, alongside an OsTIR1(F74G) “hole” mutant. We adapted the AID2 system forC. neoformansby codon optimizing OsTIR1(F74G) and tested its use in multiple scenarios. We demonstrate that theC. neoformansoptimized AID2 system enables effective degradation of proteins, including essential proteins, and can be used to discriminate essential from non-essential genes. This tool enables the study of unexplored parts of theC. neoformansgenome.
CD73 restrains mutant β-catenin oncogenic activity in endometrial carcinomas
Authors: Hirsch Rebecca M. , Premsankar Sunthoshini , Kurnit Katherine C. , Chiou Lilly F. , Rabjohns Emily M. , Lee Hannah N. , Broaddus Russell R. , Vaziri Cyrus , Bowser Jessica L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMissense mutations in exon 3 ofCTNNB1, the gene encoding β-catenin, are associated with poor outcomes in endometrial carcinomas (EC). Clinically,CTNNB1mutation status has been difficult to use as a predictive biomarker as β-catenin oncogenic activity is modified by other factors, and these determinants are unknown. Here we reveal that CD73 restrains the oncogenic activity of exon 3 β-catenin mutants, and its loss associates with recurrence. Using 7 patient-specific mutants, with genetic deletion or ectopic expression of CD73, we show that CD73 loss increases β-catenin-TCF/LEF transcriptional activity. In cells lacking CD73, membrane levels of mutant β-catenin decreased which corresponded with increased levels of nuclear and chromatin-bound mutant β-catenin. These results suggest CD73 sequesters mutant β-catenin to the membrane to limit its oncogenic activity. Adenosine A1 receptor deletion phenocopied increased β-catenin-TCF/LEF activity seen withNT5Edeletion, suggesting that the effect of CD73 loss on mutant β-catenin is mediated via attenuation of adenosine receptor signaling. RNA-seq analyses revealed thatNT5Edeletion alone drives pro-tumor Wnt/β-catenin gene expression and, with CD73 loss, β-catenin mutants dysregulate zinc-finger and non-coding RNA gene expression. We identify CD73 as a novel regulator of oncogenic β-catenin and help explain variability in patient outcomes inCTNNB1mutant EC.Graphical Abstract
Behavioral risk models explain locomotor and balance changes when walking at virtual heights
Authors: Seddighi Nooshin , Woo Nicholas J. , Montoya Jaylie , Kreter Nicholas , Clark Mindie , Williams A. Mark , Raffegeau Tiphanie E. , Fino Peter C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWalking in daily life requires humans to adapt to environments that can influence one’s fear of falling and anxiety about a potential fall. In such environments, individuals may adopt compensatory locomotor and balance changes to maintain a constant expected risk function equal to the product of the probability of some event (e.g., a fall) and the cost of that event (e.g., injury or death). Here, we tested whether locomotor behaviors broadly align with this risk model in two experiments with height-related threats in immersive virtual reality. In Experiment 1, we examined how individuals change their locomotor trajectory while walking along a straight high-elevation walkway. In Experiment 2, we examined how individuals change trajectory and balance control during curved walking where the location of high elevation threat varied. Participants adopted two behaviors that decreased their probability of falling off the edge and aligned with the risk-based model: participants altered their proximity to perceived threats that pose high costs (e.g., a high-elevation ledge), and decreased mediolateral center of mass velocity when that was not possible. Taken together, our results suggest that individuals alter locomotor behavior to change the probability of falling based on the perceived cost of that fall.
Surplus Indonesia: tackling food waste through app
Authors: Adhariani Desi 
Published: November 2024

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: to evaluate the suitability of Surplus business model from accounting, finance, strategy and cultural perspectives; to identify the factors that contribute to the reluctance of business partners to join Surplus ecosystem and to suggest solutions; to identify the factors that contribute to the reluctance of consumers to join Surplus ecosystem and to suggest solutions; and to address unique funding and financial challenges faced by Surplus.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study discussed the challenges faced by Surplus Indonesia, a company founded upon the belief that a harmonious balance can be achieved between profitability and environmental stewardship. Stemming from the founder’s encounter with leftover food going to waste after buffets, Surplus embarked on a pioneering initiative using an application technology to address food wastage at the consumer level. Collaborating with various stakeholders such as retail outlets, restaurants, bakeries, cafes and hotels, the goal was to combat food waste while supporting Sustainable Development Goals 2, 12 and 13: Zero Hunger, Responsible Consumption & Production and Climate Action, respectively. Each meal saved through the Surplus app not only translated to reduced expenses for businesses but also contributed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from landfills. Surplus’ overarching mission was to cut food waste and loss in Indonesia by half by 2030, fostering an environment where food waste is virtually nonexistent in the nation.

Complexity academic level
Undergraduate as well as graduate courses that focus on sustainability, accounting, financing and strategy

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Surviving precarious work: differing forms, tactics and strategies
Authors: Harris Lloyd C. , Ogbonna Emmanuel 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis article explores differentiation in the responses of precarious workers to the instability and uncertainty imposed on their work by employing organizations. Our focus is on the ways in which different workers respond to precarious working conditions, with a particular interest on marginalised groups who have been especially overlooked by studies of workforce precarity.Design/methodology/approachEmploys an approach akin to grounded theory in an exploratory research design and utilizes in-depth, semi-structured interviews of 56 precarious workers.FindingsFinds that different precarious workers, with divergent characteristics and resources, facing differing working conditions, and diverse structural constraints vary in the ways in which their strategies of surviving precarious work are manifested. Uncovers three differing forms of precarious workers who each employ a different range of tactics and strategies in work.Originality/valueGenerates insights into differentiation of precarious workers in their responses to the ambiguous, challenging and, in many ways, subjugating conditions of their working conditions.
Extracurricular activities as a pedagogy for the 2030 Agenda integration in an architectural engineering curriculum: a case study
Authors: Elnabawi Mahgoub Mohamed H. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Considering the lack of integration of sustainable development goals (SDGs) within architectural engineering education, the purpose of this study is to develop a framework that incorporates the SDGs into a programme through extracurricular research activities.

Design/methodology/approach
A framework based on case studies was examined. The framework uses extracurricular activities, including an integrated design process and analytical mapping tool. These were accompanied by a comprehensive list of the 17 SDGs and their interpretations.

Findings
The framework enabled students to develop a systematic understanding of sustainability early on in their design process, leading to a more comprehensive consideration of architectural design issues and increased motivation to prioritise sustainability in architecture.

Research limitations/implications
The focus was on extracurricular activities rather than integrating the framework into the main programme. Therefore, further research is needed to explore this integration within the core curriculum.

Practical implications
The implications of research initiatives and extracurricular activities in promoting understanding of the SDGs among undergraduates were highlighted. The recommendations may be valuable for academic institutions aiming to align their planning in higher education with the necessary skills and global requirements as outlined in Agenda 2030.

Originality/value
The originality of this study lies in its contribution from the field of architectural engineering and its endeavour to incorporate the SDGs into a programme in the Middle East through a research-based approach.
Using genres for laboratory work, report writing and design projects: comparing second and fourth year undergraduate engineers
Authors: Dodson Samuel 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate patterns of information use among undergraduate engineers as they progress through their academic programs. The primary objective was to discern how second and fourth-year students differ in their use of different types of information while performing specific tasks, namely, conducting labs, composing reports and undertaking projects.

Design/methodology/approach
The research used an online questionnaire to collect data, focusing on the comparative analysis of second and fourth-year engineering students’ information use. The analytical framework comprised a chi-square test, residual analysis and exploratory data analysis, for evaluating statistical significance and identifying trends over time.

Findings
The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in information use between second and fourth year undergraduates. Notably, fourth year students exhibited a preference for disciplinary genres, such as journal articles, patents and technical reports. This coincided with a decline in fourth year students’ use of educational genres, including textbooks and instructors’ handouts, notes and slides. These shifts in information use were observed consistently across all three tasks.

Originality/value
The uniqueness of the study resides in its innovative approach to exploring information use by investigating the relationship between genres and tasks over the course of students’ academic programs. The research introduces a novel approach for visualizing changes in information use. By describing the evolving preferences of undergraduate students from novice to emerging professional, this study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced ways in which information is used throughout the levels of engineering education.
Comparing the roles of creativity and digital nativity in predicting general and IT innovativeness
Authors: Bunjak Aldijana , Cerne Matej , Philip Jestine , Trkman Peter 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe study compares the effects of creativity and digital nativity, with the latter signifying proficiency in digital skills, on enhancing innovation among employees. The research specifically evaluates the impact of creativity and digital nativity on general innovative performance and personal innovativeness using IT (PIIT).Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were conducted. Study 1 surveyed 497 individuals on Prolific using objective measures of general innovative performance and self-report measures of PIIT. Study 2 replicated the same research design on Amazon Mechanical Turk with 336 participants and other-rated measures of PIIT.FindingsResults were consistent across both studies and showed that creativity influenced general innovative performance more than digital nativity. However, digital nativity was a stronger predictor of PIIT, above and beyond the nonsignificant effects of creativity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study helps understand the roles that digital nativity and creativity play in general innovative performance and in IT-related innovative performance by providing a relative importance analysis of these components.Practical implicationsWe offer guidance to organizations on how to select individuals and assign them to particular tasks depending on digital or general innovative task requirements.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the direct comparison of creativity and digital nativity. Although the literature highlights the importance of digital nativity for innovation, our research reveals that creativity is more important for general innovative performance.
On the positive impact of fan communities on brands sponsoring rival teams
Authors: Hickman Thomas M. , Stoica Michael 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine if regional proximity and fan club involvement could be used to predict success for brands that jointly sponsor a team and their key rival.

Design/methodology/approach
A brand with regional proximity to the rival teams it sponsored was identified. Fan club members of a major college sports team served as respondents. Structural equation modeling was used to test a model that predicted antecedents to purchase intentions and positive word-of-mouth based on individual fan characteristics.

Findings
Results suggest that the intrinsic and social components of fanship as well as regional proximity facilitate the success of brands jointly sponsoring rivals. The intrinsic dimension of fandom foreshadowed approval of the joint sponsorship investigated but did not directly enhance the sponsor’s brand equity. Instead, it was demonstrated that fans must first approve of the joint sponsorship arrangement before conferring elevated brand equity onto the sponsor. Increased social interaction with the fan club resulted in higher levels of purchase intentions and positive word-of-mouth of the joint sponsor.

Originality/value
This study differs from prior studies investigating joint sponsors in four ways. First, the intrinsic and social dimensions of fanship were measured within the context of a fan community. Second, the context of the study included a sponsor with regional proximity to both rival teams. Third, it was determined that the proclivity for social interaction within a fan community enhances the positive outcomes for joint sponsors. Fourth, unlike previous research studying joint sponsors, this study demonstrates a path to success for these brands.
Are we neglecting the influence of national culture (individualism–collectivism index) in mitigating the instances of data breach?
Authors: Gorkhali Anjee , Chowdhury Rajib , Chen Weiru 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Based on neo-institutional theory, this study evaluates factors that affect instances of data breaches in a hospital. The authors study the effect of adopting the health information exchange (HIE) initiative on a hospital’s data breach threats. This study integrates formal and information institutional factors to identify the antecedents that influence data breaches when adopting HIE. This study uses a hospital’s entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as a formal institutional factor and national culture (collectivism–individualism) as an informal institutional factor.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a Statistical Analysis System, the authors analyze US hospital observations over five years. The data was collected from the Health Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) database, the Health and Human Services website and the Vandello and Cohen (1999) collectivism index.

Findings
This study finds that when hospitals adopt HIEs, data breaches increase. This study also finds that both EO (formal institutional factor) and the individualism–collectivism index (informal institutional factor) significantly moderate these instances.

Research limitations/implications
HIMSS has not updated its data set to reflect recent hospital data, so this study’s data set lacks recent data on US hospitals.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few studies to address the impact of cultural variation in US hospitals and how it interacts with entrepreneurial activity to lower data breach threats when adopting new data exchange standards.
CCR5 mediates rheumatoid arthritis progression by promoting the activation and proliferation of non‐classical Th1 cells
Authors: Miao Jinlin , Zhang Bei , Sun Haoyang , Zhang Peiyan , Shen Haomiao , Wang Jiawei , Jia Junfeng , Zhang Kui , Zheng Zhaohui , Zhu Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysegulation, including an immune imbalance due to abnormal activation of non‐classical Th1 cells (CD161+ Th1). This study investigated the effects of CCR5 on the activation and proliferation of CD161+ Th1 and their pathogenicity in patients with RA.MethodsThe study was conducted on 53 patients with RA and 32 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HC). The cell phenotype was assessed by flow cytometry and the cytokine levels in the supernatant were detected by ELISA.ResultsWe demonstrate a marked increase in CD161+ Th1 cells in the synovial fluid of RA patients. These cells exhibit a hyperactivated and hyperproliferative state alongside elevated CCR5 expression. Furthermore, the levels of CD161+ Th1 cells, CD25, and CCR5 in RA synovial fluid show a positive correlation with the disease activity. Additionally, our study reveals that CCR5 facilitates the activation, proliferation, and cytokine production of CD161+ Th1 cells through the pZAP70/NFAT signaling pathway.ConclusionThese findings contribute to a deeper understanding of RA pathogenesis and uncover a novel mechanism that regulates non‐classical CD161+ Th1 responses in RA, which may provide a potential therapeutic target.
Endogenous Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor and Glucose‐Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Signaling Inhibits Aeroallergen‐Induced Innate Airway Inflammation
Authors: Toki Shinji , Abney Masako , Zhang Jian , Rusznak Mark , Warren Christian M. , Newcomb Dawn C. , Cahill Katherine N. , Drucker Daniel J. , Niswender Kevin D. , Peebles Ray Stokes 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAnti‐inflammatory effects of incretin signaling through the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) and the glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) in mice have been reported. Therefore, we hypothesized that signaling through the endogenous GLP‐1R and the GIPR individually decreases allergic airway inflammation and that the combination of GLP‐1R and GIPR signaling together additively inhibits allergen‐induced lung and airway inflammation.MethodsWT (C57BL/6J), GLP‐1R knockout (KO), GIPR KO, and GLP‐1R/GIPR double KO (DKO) mice were challenged intranasally with Alternaria alternata extract (Alt‐Ext) or vehicle to evaluate the impact of signaling through these receptors on the innate allergen‐induced inflammatory response that is primarily driven by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2).ResultsAlt‐Ext‐induced IL‐33 release in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was not different between the mouse strains, but thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was significantly increased in GLP‐1R/GIPR DKO mice challenged with Alt‐Ext compared to the other strains. Furthermore, Alt‐Ext‐induced protein expression of IL‐5, IL‐13, CCL11, and CCL24 in the lung homogenates, the number of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in the BALF, and the number of lung GATA3+ ILC2 were significantly increased in GLP‐1R/GIPR DKO mice compared to the other 3 strains. Furthermore, ICAM‐1 expression on lung epithelial cells was increased in GLP‐1R/GIPR DKO mice challenged with Alt‐Ext compared to the other 3 strains.ConclusionsDeficiency of both GLP‐1R and GIPR signaling together increased TSLP release, ILC2 activation, and early type 2 innate immune responses to aeroallergen exposure. Combined GLP‐1R and GIPR signaling should be explored for the treatment of asthma.
Every Life Matters: Empowering Care Leavers on Their Path to Independence
Authors: Sharma Girish 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFollowing the transition into society, adolescents' rehabilitation and social integration are the main concerns for child care institutions (CCIs). By recognizing the challenges adolescents face, it is possible to facilitate their rehabilitation and integration into society. This study aims to identify the issues and obstacles impeding care leavers' rehabilitation and integration process, as perceived by caregivers. The researcher employs social constructivism as a theoretical framework and qualitative description method as the research design. The study involved eight participants, selected through purposive sampling, and semi‐structured interviews were used to collect data. The study's findings elucidate the risk and protective factors associated with the issues faced by care leavers, including caregiving environment and support, social and community support, educational challenges, psychological and emotional challenges, social isolation and discrimination, among others. Based on the findings, the researcher has developed a Holistic Care Integration and Transition (HCIT) framework for practitioners and policymakers.