bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal duplications: incidentally ileum duplication cyst in young female
Authors: Martini Chiara , Pagano Paolo , Perrone Gennaro , Bresciani Paolo , Dell'Abate Paolo 
Published: January 2019

Gastrointestinal tract duplication is a rare congenital malformation in young patients and in adults, that occur anywhere from the mouth to the anus and their macroscopic structure may be cystic or tubular.Intestinal duplication does not show specific symptoms, indeed they can present with a variety of symptoms including abdominal distension and pain, sickness, hemorrhage, chronic respiratory disorders, as well as non-painful abdominal mass. Nonetheless, intestinal duplication can remain completely asymptomatic and be diagnosed as an incidental finding. Presentation with acute complications such as intestinal invagination or mechanical occlusion is quite rare.We present a case of asymptomatic ileum duplication cyst in young female who referred to the emergency department for trauma and was screened by eco-Focus Assessment Sonography for Trauma (eco-FAST), followed by MR and CT.The patient underwent ileal resection and prophylactic appendicectomy with ileo-cecal termino-lateral anastomosis. In this case, the intestinal duplication cyst was an asymptomatic incidental finding.
Identification of brain regions associated with working memory deficit in schizophrenia
Authors: Chatterjee Indranath , Kumar Virendra , Sharma Sahil , Dhingra Divyanshi , Rana Bharti , Agarwal Manoj , Kumar Naveen 
Published: January 2019

Background:Schizophrenia, a severe psychological disorder, shows symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. In addition, patients with schizophrenia often exhibit a deficit in working memory which adversely impacts the attentiveness and the behavioral characteristics of a person. Although several clinical efforts have already been made to study working memory deficit in schizophrenia, in this paper, we investigate the applicability of a machine learning approach for identification of the brain regions that get affected by schizophrenia leading to the dysfunction of the working memory.Methods:We propose a novel scheme for identification of the affected brain regions from functional magnetic resonance imaging data by deploying group independent component analysis in conjunction with feature extraction based on statistical measures, followed by sequential forward feature selection. The features that show highest accuracy during the classification between healthy and schizophrenia subjects are selected.Results:This study reveals several brain regions like cerebellum, inferior temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, insula, and amygdala that have been reported in the existing literature, thus validating the proposed approach. We are also able to identify some functional changes in the brain regions, such as Heschl gyrus and the vermian area, which have not been reported in the literature involving working memory studies amongst schizophrenia patients.Conclusions:As our study confirms the results obtained in earlier studies, in addition to pointing out some brain regions not reported in earlier studies, the findings are likely to serve as a cue for clinical investigation, leading to better medical intervention.
Dorsal pentagonal island flap to reconstruct post-burn interdigital web
Authors: Prasetyono TOH , Andrian CR 
Published: January 2019

Introduction This study reports the use of a dorsal pentagonal island flap for post-burn webbing contracture, in which the islanded flap is harvested from the burn scar tissue. Methods Fourteen dorsal pentagonal island flaps were harvested in seven patients with post-burn webbing. Each flap was selected by examining the scar tissue donor using a modified Vancouver scar scale. Modification from the basic design was made according to the density of the donor scar tissue and the metacarpophalangeal joint movement. Results All the flaps survived with normal abduction of the affected fingers. Modification of the flap design needed adjustment by assessing it through flexion and extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints. There was no incidence of web creep after two months to one year of follow-up. Conclusion Dorsal pentagonal island flap shows promising results as an alternative for reconstructing post-burn webbing.
Defining and Applying Locally Relevant Benchmarks for the Adenoma Detection Rate
Authors: Hilsden Robert J. , Rose Sarah M. , Dube Catherine , Rostom Alaa , Bridges Ronald , McGregor S. Elizabeth , Brenner Darren R. , Heitman Steven J. 
Published: January 2019

INTRODUCTION:
The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is the best validated colonoscopy performance quality indicator. The ASGE/ACG Task Force on Colonoscopy Quality set an ADR benchmark of ≥25% in a mixed male/female population. We propose a novel means for defining locally relevant ADR benchmarks using data from the population of interest and for applying ADR benchmarks using 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of an endoscopist's ADR. We further propose that ADR benchmarks should be raised to reflect what can be achieved by high-performing endoscopists.

METHODS:
We used endoscopists' performance in a baseline year to develop and apply benchmarks in an assessment year. We defined assessment year benchmarks (Minimally Acceptable, Standard of Care, and Aspirational) based on the average ADR of performance groups defined by baseline year ADR quartiles. We demonstrated the use of these benchmarks in endoscopists performing screening colonoscopies by determining if the upper bound of the 95% CI of the endoscopist's ADR included the ADR benchmark.

RESULTS:
The study included 8,492 colonoscopies (mean ADR 29%) in 2014 and 5,193 colonoscopies (mean ADR 32%) in 2015, completed at a regional screening center in Calgary, Canada. The Minimally Acceptable, Standard of Care, and Aspirational benchmarks for 2015 were 25%, 30%, and 39%, respectively. The 95% CI of the ADR of 1 (3%), 3 (10%), and 12 (39%) endoscopists did not include the benchmark.

DISCUSSION:
We have proposed methods for defining and applying benchmarks for ADR in average-risk patients that go beyond the “minimally acceptable” threshold currently recommended.
Equivalence of two BV classes of functions in metric spaces, and existence of a Semmes family of curves
under a 1-Poincaré inequality
Authors: Durand-Cartagena Estibalitz , Eriksson-Bique Sylvester , Korte Riikka , Shanmugalingam Nageswari 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We consider two notions of functions of bounded variation in complete metric measure spaces,
one due to Martio and the other due to Miranda Jr. We show that these two notions
coincide if the measure is doubling and supports a 1-Poincaré inequality. In doing so, we also prove that if the measure is doubling and supports a 1-Poincaré inequality, then the metric space supports a Semmes family of curves structure.
Regelungstechnische Labormodelle mit industriepraktischen Anwendungen für die Hochschullehre
Authors: Loose Tobias , Pospiech Thomas 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Regelungstechnik ist eine sehr reizvolle und anwendungsbezogene technische Disziplin. Durch die Regelungstechnik werden viele Fachbereiche wie Elektrotechnik, Antriebstechnik, Technische Mechanik und Konstruktionslehre zu einer funktionierenden Gesamtanlage verbunden. Dies stellt für Studierende oftmals eine Herausforderung dar, weil ein technisches Gesamtverständnis notwendig ist, um die Regelungstechnik zu verstehen. Labormodelle sind dazu sehr hilfreich, um dieses Verständnis aufzubauen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt eine Reihe von Labormodellen mit kostengünstigen Komponenten, um industriepraktische, regelungstechnische Fragestellungen zu bearbeiten.
Linking concepts of change and ecosystem services research: A systematic review
Authors: Rau Anna-Lena , Bickel Manuel W. , Rathgens Julius , Schroth Thilo N. , Weiser Annika , Hilser Stefan , Jenkins Shona , McCrory Gavin , Pfefferle Nicole , Roitsch Dennis , Stålhammar Sanna , Villada Danna , Wamsler Christine , Krause Torsten , von Wehrden Henrik 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Transformation, transition and regime shift are increasingly applied concepts in the academic literature to describe changes in society and the environment. Ecosystem services represent one framework that includes the implicit aim of supporting transformation towards a more sustainable system. Nevertheless, knowledge and systematic reviews on the use of these concepts within ecosystem services research are so far lacking. Therefore, we present a systematic literature review to analyse the interlinkages between these concepts and ecosystem services. Using a search string we identified 258 papers that we analysed based on 40 review criteria. Our results show that transformation was mentioned most often (197 articles), followed by transition (183 articles) and regime shifts (43 articles). Moreover, there is no consolidation of these concepts. Only 13% of all articles gave definitions for the three concepts. These definitions strongly overlapped in their use. Moreover, most papers described changes that happened in the past (73%). We conclude that research would benefit from being directed towards the future rather than evaluating what has happened in the past. Based on our results, we present: i) clear definitions for the three concepts; and ii) a framework highlighting the interlinkages between the ecosystem services cascade and the concepts of change.
Maximal Regularity for Fractional Cauchy Equation in Hölder Space and Its Approximation
Authors: Liu Li , Fan Zhenbin , Li Gang , Piskarev Sergey 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We derive the well-posedness and maximal regularity of the fractional Cauchy problem in Hölder space

C
0
γ

⁢

(
E
)

{C_{0}^{\gamma}(E)}

. We also obtain the existence and stability of new implicit difference schemes for the general approximation to the nonhomogeneous fractional Cauchy problem. Our analysis is based on the approaches of the theory of β-resolvent families, functional analysis and numerical analysis.
Effects of dynamic and non-dynamic corrective feedback on EFL writing accuracy during dyadic and small group interactions
Authors: Rassaei Ehsan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The current study examined the effects of dynamic versus non-dynamic corrective feedback on second language (L2) learners’ writing accuracy in dyadic and small group contexts. Dynamic feedback was operationalized in terms of graduated assistance which is tailored to learners’ zone of proximal development (ZPD). Non-dynamic feedback, on the other hand, was operationalized as explicit corrections with no concern for learners’ ZPD. 96 EFL learners were assigned into two experimental groups as well as a control one. Half of the participants in each treatment condition received corrective feedback in groups of four and the other half received feedback on their errors during dyadic interactions with an instructor. The results obtained from two dependent measures, a writing test and an error identification test, revealed that dynamic feedback was more effective than explicit corrections for enhancing writing accuracy. Moreover, the findings revealed that dynamic feedback was more effective when provided to a group of learners than when provided to a single learner during dyadic interactions.
Applicatives in Ya̧g Dii: Morphological and syntactic implications
Authors: Bohnhoff Lee , Dalrymple Mary 
Published: January 2019

AbstractYa̧g Dii (Niger-Congo/Adamawa-Ubangi, Cameroon) has two applicative constructions: a benefactive/malefactive construction, and a comitative/instrumental (‘accompaniment’) construction. The benefactive/malefactive construction licenses the addition of an indirect object with a benefactive, malefactive, or other goal-like role. The construction is often marked by the verbal extension-D; notably, however, an indirect object with a benefactive/malefactive role can appear even if the applicative extension is absent, with a tendency for a benefactive reading to be associated with the presence of the affix, and a malefactive reading with the absence of the affix. The accompaniment applicative construction is always marked by the verbal extension-N, which attaches to an intransitive or transitive stem and marks the presence of an accompanier of the applied clause subject. Unlike the usual situation with applicatives, where the ‘applied’ argument bears a core argument role, the applied argument in the accompaniment applicative construction appears as an oblique dependent of the verb. We discuss the complicated verbal morphology used to express benefactive and comitative/instrumental applicatives, and the syntactic realization of the applied argument in each type.
Optimal biased Kriging: Homeogram tapering and applications to geoid undulations in Korea
Authors: Schaffrin B. , Bae T.-S. , Felus Y. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article studies the Optimal Biased Kriging (OBK) approach which is an alternative geostatistical method that gives up the unbiasedness condition of Ordinary Kriging (OK) to gain an improved Mean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE). The system of equations for the optimal linear biased Kriging predictor is derived and itsMSPE is compared with that of Ordinary Kriging. A major impediment in implementing this system of equations and performing Kriging interpolation with massive datasets is the inversion of the spatial coherency matrix. This problem is investigated and a novel method, called “homeogram tapering”, which exploits spatial sorting techniques to create sparse matrices for efficient matrix inversion, is described. Finally, as an application, results from experiments performed on a geoid undulation dataset from Korea are presented. A precise geoid is usually the indispensable basis for meaningful hydrological studies over wide areas. These experiments use the theory presented here along with a relatively new spatial coherency measure, called the homeogram, also known as the non-centered covariance function.
Fast computation of sine/cosine series coefficients of associated Legendre function of arbitrary high degree and order
Authors: Fukushima T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In order to accelerate the spherical/spheroidal harmonic synthesis of any function, we developed a new recursive method to compute the sine/cosine series coefficient of the 4π fully- and Schmidt quasi-normalized associated Legendre functions. The key of the method is a set of increasing-degree/order mixed-wavenumber two to four-term recurrence formulas to compute the diagonal terms. They are used in preparing the seed values of the decreasing-order fixed-degree, and fixed-wavenumber two- and three-term recurrence formulas, which are obtained by modifying the classic relations. The new method is accurate and capable to deal with an arbitrary high degree/ order/wavenumber. Also, it runs significantly faster than the previous method of ours utilizing the Wigner d function, say around 20 times more when the maximum degree exceeds 1,000.
Recursive computation of the invariant distributions of Feller processes: Revisited examples and new applications
Authors: Pagès Gilles , Rey Clément 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we show that the abstract framework developed in
[G. Pagès and C. Rey, Recursive computation of the invariant distribution of Markov and Feller processes, preprint 2017, https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04557]
and inspired by
[D. Lamberton and G. Pagès,
Recursive computation of the invariant distribution of a diffusion,
Bernoulli 8 2002, 3, 367–405]
can be used to build invariant distributions for Brownian diffusion processes using the Milstein scheme and for diffusion processes with censored jump using the Euler scheme. Both studies rely on a weakly mean-reverting setting for both cases. For the Milstein scheme we prove the convergence for test functions with polynomial (Wasserstein convergence) and exponential growth. For the Euler scheme of diffusion processes with censored jump we prove the convergence for test functions with polynomial growth.
A Monte Carlo method for backward stochastic differential equations with Hermite martingales
Authors: Pelsser Antoon , Gnameho Kossi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) appear in many problems in stochastic optimal control theory, mathematical finance, insurance and economics.
This work deals with the numerical approximation of the class of Markovian BSDEs where the terminal condition is a functional of a Brownian motion.
Using Hermite martingales, we show that the problem of solving a BSDE is identical to solving a countable infinite-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs).
The family of ODEs belongs to the class of stiff ODEs, where the associated functional is one-sided Lipschitz.
On this basis, we derive a numerical scheme and provide numerical applications.
Comparison of Sobol’ sequences in financial applications
Authors: Harase Shin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Sobol’ sequences are widely used for quasi-Monte Carlo methods that arise in financial applications.
Sobol’ sequences have parameter values called direction numbers, which are freely chosen by the user, so there are several implementations of Sobol’ sequence generators.
The aim of this paper is to provide a comparative study of (non-commercial) high-dimensional Sobol’ sequences by calculating financial models.
Additionally, we implement the Niederreiter sequence (in base 2) with a slight modification, that is, we reorder the rows of the generating matrices, and analyze and compare it with the Sobol’ sequences.
Sensitivity of boundary crossing probabilities of the Brownian motion
Authors: Gür Sercan , Pötzelberger Klaus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe paper analyzes the sensitivity of boundary crossing probabilities of the Brownian motion to perturbations of the boundary. The first- and second-order sensitivities, i.e. the directional derivatives of the probability, are derived. Except in cases where boundary crossing probabilities for the Brownian bridge are given in closed form, the sensitivities have to be computed numerically. We propose an efficient Monte Carlo procedure.
Crystal structure of 1-(4-{2,5-dichloro-3-hydroxy-4-[4-(1-methoxyimino-ethyl)-phenylamino]-6-methyl-phenylamino}-phenyl)-ethanone O-methyl-oxime, C24H22Cl2N4O4
Authors: Zhang Yang , Cui Yong-Fan , An Xiao-Xin , Li Peng-Peng , Dong Wen-Kui 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
C24H22Cl2N4O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.7533(6) Å, b = 10.2969(8) Å, c = 17.9128(12) Å, α = 104.131(2)°, β = 99.242(2)°, γ = 91.106(2)°, V = 1718.7(2) Å3, Z = 3, R
gt(F) = 0.0502, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1256, T = 153(2) K.
HKLF5Tools: a program for processing diffraction data of non-merohedrally twinned crystals
Authors: Ivlev Sergei I. , Conrad Matthias , Kraus Florian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The HKLF5Tools program provides useful tools for structure refinement against non-merohedrally twinned datasets. The software shows statistical information on each twin component, can delete or rename twin components, merge reflection data, and add an inversion twin component to any of the existing twin components. Also, the software can convert ShelXL FCF files into HKL reflection files so that refinement against detwinned data in the final stages of the refinement becomes possible.
Ni(II) complexes with thioether-functionalized silylamide ligands. Synthesis and crystal structures of [Ni{Me2Si(N-C6H4-2-S-t-Bu)2}], [Ni{Ph2Si(N-C6H4-2-SMe)2}] and [Ni{Ph2Si(N-C6H4-2-SPh)2}]
Authors: Albrecht Ralf , Liebing Phil , Morgenstern Uwe , Wagner Christoph , Merzweiler Kurt 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Thioether-functionalized aminosilanes R2Si(NH-C6H4-2-SR′)2 with R=Me, Ph and R′=t-Bu, Me, Ph were synthesized from the corresponding dichlorosilanes R2SiCl2 and lithiated aniline derivatives LiNH-C6H4-2-SR′. Treatment of the functionalized aminosilanes R2Si(NH-C6H4-2-SR′)2 with two eq. of n-BuLi and subsequent reaction with nickel(II) halides NiX2 (X=Cl, Br) or [Ni(acac)2(TMEDA)] led to the formation of the Ni(II) complexes [Ni{R2Si(N-C6H4-2-SR′)2}]. The X-ray single-crystal structure determinations of the nickel complexes revealed that the thioether-functionalized silylamides R2Si(NC6H4-2-SR′)2
2− act as tetradentate ligands. The nickel atoms exhibit a distorted square-planar coordination with Ni–N and Ni–S bond lengths in the range of 186.4(3)–186.9(2) pm and 217.5(1)–221.5(1) pm, respectively.
Experimental Studies on the Influences of Chemical Corrosion on the Mode I Fracture Toughness of Sandstone
Authors: Peng S. L. , Zhang J. Z. , Zhou X. P. , Niu Y. , Qian Q. H. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Chemical corrosion in coal mines substantially affects the mechanical properties of rocks such as sandstone and may trigger the instability of roadways. In this article, the effects of chemical corrosion on the Mode I fracture toughness of sandstone are investigated using semicircular bending tests. The two experimental factors involved in this article are the pH value of the soaking solution and the soaking time. Based on the peak load and the shape parameters of specimens, the Mode I fracture toughness of sandstone under chemical corrosion is estimated as a function of the pH value of the soaking solution and the soaking time. In soaking tests, the relationships between the pH value of the soaking solution and the soaking time and the relative quality and porosity of sandstone are determined. The results indicate that chemical corrosion weakens the mechanical properties of sandstone specimens but enhances the ductility of sandstone specimens. The Mode I fracture toughness of sandstones decreases with an increase in the soaking time. The Mode I fracture toughness of sandstones initially increases but then decreases with an increase in the pH value. When the pH value is 7, the Mode I fracture toughness of sandstone attains the maximum value. The damage to sandstone specimens shares the same mechanical mechanism as the deterioration of the Mode I fracture toughness of sandstone. The results are significant for establishing a coupling damage model for the mechanical–hydrochemical behaviors of rocks.
Modes of Accessing Bicarbonate for the Regulation of Membrane Guanylate Cyclase (ROS-GC) in Retinal Rods and Cones
Authors: Makino Clint L. , Duda Teresa , Pertzev Alexandre , Isayama Tomoki , Geva Polina , Sandberg Michael A. , Sharma Rameshwar K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe membrane guanylate cyclase, ROS-GC, that synthesizes cyclic GMP for use as a second messenger for visual transduction in retinal rods and cones, is stimulated by bicarbonate. Bicarbonate acts directly on ROS-GC1, because it enhanced the enzymatic activity of a purified, recombinant fragment of bovine ROS-GC1 consisting solely of the core catalytic domain. Moreover, recombinant ROS-GC1 proved to be a true sensor of bicarbonate, rather than a sensor for CO2. Access to bicarbonate differed in rods and cones of larval salamander,Ambystoma tigrinum, of unknown sex. In rods, bicarbonate entered at the synapse and diffused to the outer segment, where it was removed by Cl--dependent exchange. In contrast, cones generated bicarbonate internally from endogenous CO2or from exogenous CO2that was present in extracellular solutions of bicarbonate. Bicarbonate production from both sources of CO2was blocked by the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide. Carbonic anhydrase II expression was verified immunohistochemically in cones but not in rods. In addition, cones acquired bicarbonate at their outer segments as well as at their inner segments. The multiple pathways for access in cones may support greater uptake of bicarbonate than in rods and buffer changes in its intracellular concentration.