bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte-poor PRP application for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Filardo Giuseppe , Kon Elizaveta , Di Matteo Berardo , Di Marino Alessandro , Sessa Andrea , Merli Maria , Marcacci Maurilio ,   SIGASCOT CARTILAGE COMMITTEE
Published: January 2019

Purpose: the aim of this study was to describe the clinical results obtained after intra-articular injection of a leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: forty-five patients (mean age: 59 years, mean BMI: 27) were included and treated with a cycle of three weekly injections of autologous conditioned plasma. Six patients were affected by bilateral symptomatic OA, therefore 51 knees in total were treated. The patients were divided into two groups: those affected by early/moderate OA and those affected by severe OA. The patients were submitted to baseline evaluation and evaluation after a mean follow-up of 14.5 months (range: 6-24 months), performed using the following outcome measures: IKDC-subjective, EQ-VAS, Tegner, and KOOS scores. Adverse events and patient satisfaction were also recorded.The results in the two groups of patients (“early/moderate” vs “severe OA”) were analyzed separately.
Results: the overall clinical outcome was positive and the treatment proved to be safe. In the “early/moderate OA” group, the IKDC-subjective score increased from 36.4 at the baseline evaluation to 57.3 at the follow-up (p<0.0005) and a similar trend was shown by the EQ-VAS, Tegner, and KOOS scores. Although an improvement was also recorded in the “severe OA” group, the clinical outcome of the patients in this group was significantly poorer and they reported less benefit. In the “early/moderate OA” group, BMI and longer symptom duration before treatment were found to be correlated with clinical outcome.
Conclusions: PRP injections are capable of reducing pain and improving knee functional status at shortterm follow-up. The patients with a lower degree of joint degeneration were the best responders, whereas in severe osteoarthritic knees this biological treatment, used as a “salvage procedure”, produced a less favorable
outcome.
Level of Evidence: level IV; therapeutic case series.
Cemented versus cementless fixation in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Matassi Fabrizio , Carulli Christian , Civinini Roberto , Innocenti Massimo 
Published: January 2019

The question of whether to use cemented or cementless fixation for a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still debated. Discouraging preliminary results of cementless TKAs have determined the worldwide use of cemented implants. However, with the development of biotechnologies and new biomaterials with high osteoconductive properties, biological fixation is now becoming an attractive option for improving the longevity of TKAs, especially in young patients.There is no evidence in the current literature to support the use of one method of fixation. The extensive clinical experience with cemented implants gathered over the years justifies their widespread use. New randomized clinical trials are necessary to compare cementless fixation based on the new ingrowth surfaces with standard cemented implants.
In Vitro
Activity of Tedizolid against
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Ruiz Pilar , Causse Manuel , Vaquero Manuel , Casal Manuel 
Published: January 2019

Tedizolid is a novel oxazolidinone with activities against Gram-positive microorganisms, including mycobacteria. We studied the
in vitro
activity of tedizolid against 120
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strains, including susceptible, first-line-resistant, and multidrug-resistant isolates.
Assessment of nitrification and urease inhibitors on nitrate leaching in corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Pawlick Amy A. , Wagner-Riddle Claudia , Parkin Gary W. , Berg Aaron A. 
Published: January 2019

Agricultural ecosystems are one of the largest global contributors to nitrate (NO3−) contamination of surface- and groundwater through fertilizer application. Improved fertilizer practices are needed to manage crop nutrient supply in corn (Zea mays L.) while minimizing impacts to clean water reserves. The goal of this study was to compare current nitrogen (N) fertilizer practices (urea at planting) with “packages” of improved management practices (a combination of right timing and product) that farmers potentially use. We conducted measurements in a continuous corn system from November 2015 to May 2017 at a large field scale (four 4 ha plots). Nitrate concentration was measured below the root zone and drainage estimated using a soil water budget approach in which evapotranspiration was measured using the eddy covariance method. The objective was to compare NO3−-N leaching from fields receiving urea vs. urea + combination of nitrification and urease inhibitors (NUI) fertilizer applications at planting, urea–ammonium nitrate (UAN) vs. UAN + NUI applied at sidedress, and a combination of these practices: urea + NUI at planting vs. UAN at sidedress. Drainage was only significant in the non-growing season. Neither fertilizer products applied with NUI at planting or sidedress proved to significantly reduce NO3−-N leaching. The combination of delaying fertilization to sidedress and applying UAN significantly reduced the soil water NO3−-N concentration compared with urea + NUI at planting (mean of 5.2 vs. 6.7 mg L−1) but only in 2015–2016. Based on these results, applying UAN at sidedress is recommended, although additional study years are needed to confirm those results.
Impact of drainage type on simultaneous nitrogen losses in Atlantic Canada
Authors: Smith Erin L. , Vosman Amanda , Kellman Lisa , Rodd Vernon 
Published: January 2019

Nitrogen (N) losses from agricultural tile drainage systems are environmental and economic losses for producers. This field study quantified N losses from three reps of shallow (SD), deep/conventional (DD), and controlled drainage (CD) on farmland in Nova Scotia. Drainage systems were under corn and alfalfa–oats–clover production. Outflow water and gas samples were obtained and analyzed for nitrate and nitrous oxide. Nitrate-N loads were 5.0, 11.1, and 6.4 kg ha−1 in 2015; 1.8, 6.7, and 2.8 kg ha−1 in 2016; and 0.74, 1.8, and 1.6 kg ha−1 in 2017 for SD, DD, and CD, respectively. Controlled drainage reduced NO3−-N loading by 42.3%–58.2% when compared with the conventional/DD in 2 of 3 yr of study, whereas SD was found to reduce NO3−-N loading by 54.9%–73.1% compared with DD in all years studied. Total NO3−-N losses in this study were measured during the growing season (1 Apr. to 31 Oct.); the magnitude of NO3−-N losses and treatment effects may vary if studied year-round. Nitrous oxide fluxes were variable and low in magnitude throughout the study. Cumulated N2O losses were <1% of the applied N for all drainage types. Controlled drainage increased yields compared with SD and DD. The use of CD in the region could aid in reducing climate stresses, as well as overall NO3−-N loads exiting drainage systems and may enhance crop yields compared with conventional systems. Future studies on dissolved N2O losses from drainage water may provide important insight into whether dissolved N2O losses exceed surface emissions.
Subduction-related Manipur Ophiolite Complex, Indo-Myanmar Ranges: elemental and isotopic record of mantle metasomatism
Authors: Kingson Oinam , Bhutani Rajneesh , Balakrishnan S. , Dash J. K. , Shukla Anil D. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

This study reports, for the first time, Sr and Nd isotope ratios from the mafic rocks in the Manipur Ophiolite Complex (MOC), along with new elemental abundances to show the subduction zone influence. The initial
87
Sr/
86
Sr ratios (for
t
= 127 Ma) range from 0.705230 to 0.709734. The initial
143
Nd/
144
Nd and
ɛ
Nd
t
(
t
= 127 Ma) range from 0.512611 to 0.512900 and +2.7 to +8.3, respectively. The high field strength element (HFSE) ratios vary widely, with Nb/Ta ranging from
c.
3 to 18 and Zr/Hf ranging from 20 to 41, indicating fluid–rock interaction in the presence of rutile. The correlated variation in the Nd and Sr isotope ratios and the HFSEs, including TiO
2
, reflects the variation in the slab-derived fluids. The light rare earth element (LREE) enriched and flat patterns yielded by the mafic rocks are modelled by varying the degree of melting of the fluid-metasomatized mantle. The subsequent influx of the slab-derived fluid at a greater depth caused the re-melting of the previously depleted wedge to produce the LREE-depleted patterns.

We propose that the geochemical variation recorded in the MOC rocks indicates the changing nature of fluid metasomatism of the mantle wedge across the subduction zone with time.
Connemara Marble, Co. Galway, Ireland: a Global Heritage Stone Resource proposal
Authors: Wyse Jackson Patrick N. , Caulfield Louise , Feely Martin , Joyce Ambrose , Parkes Matthew A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Connemara Marble, a well-known distinctive decorative stone from the west of Ireland, is herein proposed as a Global Heritage Stone Resource. Connemara Marble is a sillimanite-grade ophicarbonate, dominated by dolomite and calcite with varying proportions of serpentine, diopside, forsterite, tremolite clinochlore and phlogopite. The marble displays intricate corrugated layers that range in colour from white through sepias to various shades of green. These features impart unique characteristics that set the marble apart from other ornamental stones. Characteristics reflect amphibolite-grade metamorphism of an impure siliceous dolomitic limestone during the Grampian orogeny (475–463 Ma). Olivine, diopside, tremolite along with calcite and dolomite were formed during the peak of metamorphism which was followed by a later pervasive hydrothermal metamorphism that led to the extensive growth of serpentine after olivine and diopside. It has been used since Neolithic times, but has been quarried and fashioned in Connemara since the eighteenth century, and widely utilized in buildings in Ireland and the UK, for cladding, banisters, columns and church fittings. Later in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries it was exported in large quantities to the USA for use in civic and educational buildings. Its many uses as an ornamental stone in the interiors of buildings and in Irish jewellery commands worldwide acclaim.
Metastatic Tumor-in-a-Dish, a Novel Multicellular Organoid to Study Lung Colonization and Predict Therapeutic Response
Authors: Ramamoorthy Prabhu , Thomas Sufi Mary , Kaushik Gaurav , Subramaniam Dharmalingam , Chastain Katherine M. , Dhar Animesh , Tawfik Ossama , Kasi Anup , Sun Weijing , Ramalingam Satish , Gunewardena Sumedha , Umar Shahid , Mammen Joshua M. , Padhye Subhash B. , Weir Scott J. , Jensen Roy A. , Sittampalam G. Sitta , Anant Shrikant 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths. A dearth of preclinical models that recapitulate the metastatic microenvironment has impeded the development of therapeutic agents that are effective against metastatic disease. Because the majority of solid tumors metastasize to the lung, we developed a multicellular lung organoid that mimics the lung microenvironment with air sac–like structures and production of lung surfactant protein. We used these cultures, called primitive lung-in-a-dish (PLiD), to recreate metastatic disease using primary and established cancer cells. The metastatic tumor-in-a-dish (mTiD) cultures resemble the architecture of metastatic tumors in the lung, including angiogenesis. Pretreating PLiD with tumor exosomes enhanced cancer cell colonization. We next tested the response of primary and established cancer cells to current chemotherapeutic agents and an anti-VEGF antibody in mTiD against cancer cells in two-dimensional (2D) or 3D cultures. The response of primary patient-derived colon and ovarian tumor cells to therapy in mTiD cultures matched the response of the patient in the clinic, but not in 2D or single-cell–type 3D cultures. The sensitive mTiD cultures also produced significantly lower circulating markers for cancer similar to that seen in patients who responded to therapy. Thus, we have developed a novel method for lung colonization in vitro, a final stage in tumor metastasis. Moreover, the technique has significant utility in precision/personalized medicine, wherein this phenotypic screen can be coupled with current DNA pharmacogenetics to identify the ideal therapeutic agent, thereby increasing the probability of response to treatment while reducing unnecessary side effects.

Significance:
A lung organoid that exhibits characteristics of a normal human lung is developed to study the biology of metastatic disease and therapeutic intervention.
THE PECULIAR PETIOLE CALLUSES GROWTH OF Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. ex Arcang AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR Ex situ CONSERVATION EFFORTS
Authors: Yuzammi Yuzammi , Tyas Kartika Ning , Handayani Tri 
Published: January 2019

Amorphophallus titanum is a plant species endemic to Sumatera. Land degradation and illegal capture of hornbills (a distributor of A. titanum seeds) is leading to potential extinction of A. titanum in the wild. In order to conserve the species and save it from extinction, there is an urgent need to develop methods to propagate it both in situ and ex situ. The aim of this research was to discover environmental factors triggering callus growth from petiole cuttings of A. titanum in its natural habitat in Sumatera and to determine the viability of callus pieces as a propagation material. A completely randomized design with a single factor, i.e., callus size, was employed on five callus replicates. Each replicate consisted of four callus samples. The treatments consisted of three callus piece sizes i.e. 0.5 x.0.5 cm2, 1 x 1 cm2, 2 x 2 cm2. For each replicate, the following parameters of growth were assessed: the time of appearance of shoots; the shoot height when the first leaf fully opened; the petiole diameter; the diameter of the leaf lamina; and the number of young shoots. The results of our field observations showed that environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and soil influence the formation of the callus in the wild. The size of the callus affected the shoot and root growth. The best result was obtained from callus 2 cmÂ², which could produce 2â€“3 shoots with an average height of 18.8 cm at the time of first fully opened leaf. The collection of Â petiole calluses of A. titanum that formed in its natural habitat are recommended instead of carrying the tuber.This ex vitro calluses can be used as propagation materials and then it could be planted in the botanic gardens as one of ex situ conservation effort.
SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING OF LAND USE CHANGE IN WEST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Siregar Pahrian Ganawira , Supriatna Jatna , Koestoer Raldi Hendro , Harmantyo Djoko 
Published: January 2019

The main effects of human activities on the environment result in land use and land cover changes. Land over exploitation and development activities in West Kalimantan of Indonesia necessitated the focus of this research which aims to analyzing and predicting land use changes in West Kalimantan. The results of such a study assist researchers, planners and policy makers to formulate suitable land use policies in the future in order to balance economic development and natural resource conservation. Moreover, it makes Indonesia shift from middle incomes to become a developed country in 2030. Â Methodology employs field observation, key informant interviews, focus group discussions and system dynamics modeling. The field observation covered communities in several locations in the study site to identify pattern of land use. The system dynamics was applied to analyze the land use change system and estimate the extents of land cover change in the future. The study showed several outcomes: (i) The main leverage factors in the land use change system in West Kalimantan were the desire to reach the expected economic growth and the increased per capita consumption of edible oil globally; (ii) In the business as usual modeling, the increasing global demandÂ for edible oil will lead to significant increment of oil palm plantation area, even the total area of plantation could be wider compare to that of the remaining forest area by 2030; (iii) Key interventions that need to be considered in the future is to conduct reforestation (with reforestation rate of at least 0.5% per year) and limited oil palm plantation development to maximum of 50% of developed Â area.
FIRE SPOT IDENTIFICATION BASED ON HOTSPOT SEQUENTIAL PATTERN AND BURNED AREA CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Istiqomah Nalar , Syaufina Lailan 
Published: January 2019

Indonesia has the world's largest tropical peatlands of about 14.9 million hectares that have important life support roles. However, fire frequently occurs in peatlands. According to experts and field forest fire fighters, fire hotspots that appear in a sequence of two to three days at the same location has a high potential of becoming a forest fire. This study aimed to determine the sequential patterns of hotspot occurrences, classify satellite image data and identify the fire spots. Fire spot identification was done using hotspot sequence patterns that were overlaid with burned area classification results. Sequential pattern mining using the Prefix Span algorithm was applied to identify sequences of hotspot occurrence. Maximum Likelihood method was applied to classify Landsat 7 satellite images toward identifying burned areas in Pulang Pisau and Palangkaraya in Central Kalimantan and Pontianak in West Kalimantan. Sequence patterns were overlaid with image classification results. The study results show that in Pulang Pisau, 26.19% of sequence patterns are located in burned areas and 72.62% sequence patterns were found in the buffer of burned area within a radius of one kilometer. As for Palangkaraya, there were 62.50% sequence patterns located in burned areas and 87.50% sequence patterns in the buffer of burned area with the radius of one kilometer. In total, Â there were 72.62% and 87.50% fire hotspots recorded in Pisau and Palangkaraya, respectively which are strong indicators of peatland fires.
Two new species of Pyemotes closely related to P. tritici (Acari: Pyemotidae)
Authors: YU LICHEN , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG , HE LIMIN 
Published: January 2019

Two new species of Pyemotes are described: Pyemotes zhonghuajia sp. nov. parasitic on a variety of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera in China and Pyemotes turkeyensis sp. nov. parasitic on moths in Turkey. Pyemotes tritici (LaGreze-Fossat & Montagne, 1851) in its revised concept is redescribed based on specimens from USA and Mexico. Keys to separate both adult males and females of these species are provided. Grandjean’s notation for idiosomal and leg chaetotaxy is applied to the Pyemotidae.
Weather Simulation Uncertainty Estimation Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Fonseca Ricardo M. , Rutledge Kendall , Martín-Torres Javier , Yu Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEstimates of the uncertainty of model output fields (e.g., 2-m temperature, surface radiation fluxes, or wind speed) are of great value to the weather and climate communities. The traditional approach for the uncertainty estimation is to conduct an ensemble of simulations where the model configuration is perturbed and/or different models are considered. This procedure is very computationally expensive and may not be feasible, in particular for higher-resolution experiments. In this paper, a new method based on Bayesian hierarchical models (BHMs) that requires just one model run is proposed. It is applied to the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model’s 2-m temperature in the Botnia–Atlantica region in Scandinavia for a 10-day period in the winter and summer seasons. For both seasons, the estimated uncertainty using the BHM is found to be comparable to that obtained from an ensemble of experiments in which different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes are employed. While WRF-BHM is not capable of generating the full set of products obtained from an ensemble of simulations, it can be used to extract commonly used diagnostics including the uncertainty estimation that is the focus of this work. The methodology proposed here is fully general and can easily be extended to any other output variable and numerical model.
Investigating the Diurnal Evolution of the Cloud Size Distribution of Continental Cumulus Convection Using Multiday LES
Authors: van Laar Thirza W. , Schemann Vera , Neggers Roel A. J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The diurnal dependence of cumulus cloud size distributions over land is investigated by means of an ensemble of large-eddy simulations (LESs). A total of 146 days of transient continental shallow cumulus are selected and simulated, reflecting a low midday maximum of total cloud cover, weak synoptic forcing, and the absence of strong surface precipitation. The LESs are semi-idealized, forced by large-scale model output but using an interactive surface. This multitude of cases covers a large parameter space of environmental conditions, which is necessary for identifying any diurnal dependencies in cloud size distributions. A power-law exponential function is found to describe the shape of the cloud size distributions for these days well, with the exponential component capturing the departure from power-law scaling at the larger cloud sizes. To assess what controls the largest cloud size in the distribution, the correlation coefficients between the maximum cloud size and various candidate variables reflecting the boundary layer state are computed. The strongest correlation is found between total cloud cover and maximum cloud size. Studying the size density of the cloud area revealed that larger clouds contribute most to a larger total cloud cover, and not the smaller ones. Besides cloud cover, cloud-base and cloud-top height are also found to weakly correlate with the maximum cloud size, suggesting that the classic idea of deeper boundary layers accommodating larger convective thermals still holds for shallow cumulus. Sensitivity tests reveal that the results are only minimally affected by the representation of microphysics and the output resolution.