bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-wavelength de-blended Herschel view of the statistical properties of dusty star-forming galaxies across cosmic time
Authors: Wang L. , Pearson W. J. , Cowley W. , Trayford J. W. , Béthermin M. , Gruppioni C. , Hurley P. , Michałowski M. J. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. We study the statistical properties of dusty star-forming galaxies across cosmic time, such as their number counts, luminosity functions (LF), and the dust-obscured star formation rate density (SFRD).
Methods. We used the most recent de-blended Herschel catalogue in the COSMOS field to measure the number counts and LFs at far-infrared (FIR) and sub-millimetre (sub-mm) wavelengths. The de-blended catalogue was generated by combining the Bayesian source extraction tool XID+ and an informative prior derived from the associated deep multi-wavelength photometric data.
Results. Through our de-confusion technique and based on the deep multi-wavelength photometric information, we are able to achieve more accurate measurements while at the same time probing roughly ten times below the Herschel confusion limit. Our number counts at 250 μm agree well with previous Herschel studies. However, our counts at 350 and 500 μm are below previous Herschel results because previous Herschel studies suffered from source confusion and blending issues. Our number counts at 450 and 870 μm show excellent agreement with previous determinations derived from single-dish and interferometric observations. Our measurements of the LF at 250 μm and the total IR LF agree well with previous results in the overlapping redshift and luminosity range. The increased dynamic range of our measurements allows us to better measure the faint-end of the LF and measure the dust-obscured SFRD out to z ∼ 6. We find that the fraction of obscured star formation activity is at its highest (>80%) around z ∼ 1. We do not find a shift of balance between z ∼ 3 and z ∼ 4 in the SFRD from being dominated by unobscured star formation at higher redshift to obscured star formation at lower redshift. However, we do find 3 <  z <  4 to be an interesting transition period as the portion of the total SFRD that is obscured by dust is significantly lower at higher redshifts.
„Two-Phase Treatment“ und skelettale Klasse III
Authors: Stamm Thomas 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDas sogenannte „Two-Phase Treatment“ gerät immer wieder in den Fokus der ökonomisch orientierten Wissenschaft. Diese Überprüfung ist sinnvoll, stehen doch Vorwürfe wie Übertherapie, zusätzliche Kosten und Belastungen für Patient, Eltern und Arzt im Raum. In dieser kontroversen Diskussion scheint die Kenntnis über grundlegende Konzepte einer Frühbehandlung vollkommen verloren gegangen zu sein. Die Überprüfung medizinischer Hypothesen tritt zugunsten einer gerätelastigen Forschung in den Hintergrund, die den Fokus auf die Apparatur und nicht auf den kausalen Wirkmechanismus gerichtet hat. Begiffe wie „fixed Appliances“, „removable Appliances” als auch “One-, Two-Phase Treatment” simplifizieren die Konzepte der Funktionskieferorthopädie, der Orofazialen Orthopädie sowie der Funktionellen Orthopädie und tragen damit zur Fehlinterpretation aktueller Studien bei. Die Anwendungen im kraniofazialen Skelett lassen sich weit zurückverfolgen, sodass die Kieferorthopädie als Teilgebiet der funktionellen Orthopädie gesehen und nicht mit Mechaniken der Orthodontie verglichen werden kann.
Kraniosynostosen – komplexe interdisziplinäre Therapie
Authors: Hemprich Alexander , Klapper Horst-Uwe , Dannhauer Karl-Heinz 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen dieser Übersichtsarbeit sollen exemplarisch typische interdisziplinäre Behandlungsschritte bei Patienten mit Kraniosynostosen (Crouzon-Syndrom) sowie die abschließende zahnärztliche Versorgung und Weiterbetreuung durch den Hauszahnarzt als Beispiele für komplexe Rehabilitationen und Nachsorgestrategien vorgestellt werden.Dies ist auch aus kieferorthopädischer Sicht ausgesprochen relevant, da die vielfältigen zahnärztlichen Maßnahmen Einfluss auf die kieferorthopädische Behandlungsplanung haben.
Screeninginstrument für Angst bei Menschen mit Intelligenzminderung: Deutsche Version der „Glasgow Anxiety Scale for people with an Intellectual Disability“ (GAS-ID)
Authors: Müller Katrin , Kufner Katharina , Prange Kathrin , Bengel Jürgen 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Übersetzung und Validierung der Glasgow Anxiety Scale for people with an Intellectual Disability (GAS-ID).
Methodik Überprüfung psychometrischer Eigenschaften an einer Stichprobe von 34 Erwachsenen mit Lernbehinderung oder Intelligenzminderung und 38 klinischen Probanden ohne Intelligenzminderung.
Ergebnisse Die GAS-ID erwies sich als reliabel und valide (Sensitivität: 100 %, Spezifität: 87 %).
Schlussfolgerung Die deutsche GAS-ID ist ein vielversprechendes Screeninginstrument. Eine Überarbeitung einzelner Items und Replikation an größeren Stichproben stehen noch aus.
Nutrition and Exercise Strategies to Prevent Excessive Pregnancy Weight Gain: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Craemer Katherine , Sampene Emmanuel , Safdar Nasia , Antony Kathleen , Wautlet Cynthia 
Published: March 2019

Objective To evaluate nutrition-only, exercise-only, and nutrition-plus-exercise interventions for optimizing gestational weight gain (GWG) based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines.
Study PubMed, Google Scholar, and 2015 Cochrane Review were searched. Analysis of variance was used to determine if significant GWG differences exist between strategies, with additional subanalyses on overweight (OV) or obese women based on 2009 IOM guidelines.
Results Of 66 identified studies, 31 contributed data (n = 8,558). Compared with routine prenatal care, nutrition-only interventions were significantly associated with reduced GWG and are most likely to produce weight gain within IOM recommendations (p = 0.013). Exercise-only (p = 0.069) and nutrition-plus-exercise (p = 0.056) interventions trended toward GWG within IOM guidelines, but did not reach statistical significance. Supervised (p = 0.61) and unsupervised (p = 0.494) exercise programs had similar effectiveness. Subanalyses on OV or obese women produced similar results to studies that did not differentiate results based on body mass index: nutrition only (p = 0.011), exercise only (p = 0.308), and nutrition plus exercise (p = 0.129).
Conclusion Preventing excessive GWG is crucial, especially for OV or obese women. In the current study, nutrition-based intervention is the health system strategy that showed significant impact on preventing excessive GWG compared with routine prenatal care. Among women who are OV or have obesity, nutrition-only interventions hold the most promise compared with routine prenatal care.
Antibiotics during Intrauterine Balloon Tamponade Is Associated with a Reduction in Endometritis
Authors: Wong Melissa S. , Dellapiana Gabriela , Greene Naomi , Gregory Kimberly D. 
Published: March 2019

Objective To evaluate whether prophylactic antibiotics at the time of placement of an intrauterine balloon tamponade (IBT) is associated with a reduction in postpartum endometritis.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of patients who received an IBT from January 1, 2012, to December 12, 2016. Patients were included if the IBT remained in place at least 2 hours and excluded if chorioamnionitis was present. Patients who received prophylactic antibiotics at the time of IBT placement were compared with those who did not.
Results A total of 149 subjects received an IBT; 36 were excluded due to early removal or chorioamnionitis. Of the remaining, 59 received prophylactic antibiotics and 54 did not. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups except mode of delivery. The majority (65%) of those who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics had a cesarean delivery (p = 0.03). The overall incidence of endometritis was 15%. The incidence of endometritis was greater among those patients who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics compared with those who did (5 vs. 26%; p < 0.002; odds ratio [OR]: 6.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.76–24.25). This association remained after adjustment for mode of delivery and receiving group B Streptococcus antibiotics prior to delivery (adjusted OR: 5.9; 95% CI: 1.58–22.35).
Conclusion Prophylactic antibiotics were associated with a reduction in postpartum endometritis among patients receiving an IBT.
Entstauungstherapie in Orthopädie und
Chirurgie
Authors: Streicher Eva-Maria 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung2017 wurde die Leitlinie zur Therapie und Diagnostik der Lymphödeme
veröffentlicht. Eva-Maria Streicher war in der Arbeitsgruppe Konservative
Therapie mit vertreten. Im Rahmen einer Literatrurecherche wurde der Frage
nachgegangen, welche Maßnahme derzeit die effektivste Therapie ist. Für die
Komplexe Physikalische Entstauungstherapie konnte die höchste
Effektivität nachgewiesen werden, nicht aber die Manuelle Lymphdrainage als
Monotherapie bestätigt werden. Die klassischen Säulen der KPE wurden um die
Säule des Selbstmanagments erweitert.
Age-related inflammation triggers skeletal stem/progenitor cell dysfunction
Authors: Josephson Anne Marie , Bradaschia-Correa Vivian , Lee Sooyeon , Leclerc Kevin , Patel Karan S. , Muinos Lopez Emma , Litwa Hannah P. , Neibart Shane S. , Kadiyala Manasa , Wong Madeleine Z. , Mizrahi Matthew M. , Yim Nury L. , Ramme Austin J. , Egol Kenneth A. , Leucht Philipp 
Published: March 2019

SignificanceAs we age, our capacity for tissue repair and regeneration in response to injury declines. Accordingly, bone repair is delayed and impaired in older patients. At the cornerstone of bone healing is the skeletal stem/progenitor cell (SSPC), whose function and number diminishes with age. However, the mechanisms driving this decline remain unclear. Here, we identify age-associated inflammation (“inflamm-aging”) as the main culprit of SSPC dysfunction and provide support for a central role of NF-κB as a mediator of inflamm-aging. Our results show that modification of the inflammatory environment may be a translational approach to functionally rejuvenate the aged SSPC, thereby improving the regenerative capacity of the aged skeleton.
Lysosome inhibition sensitizes pancreatic cancer to replication stress by aspartate depletion
Authors: Elliott Irmina A. , Dann Amanda M. , Xu Shili , Kim Stephanie S. , Abt Evan R. , Kim Woosuk , Poddar Soumya , Moore Alexandra , Zhou Lei , Williams Jennifer L. , Capri Joseph R. , Ghukasyan Razmik , Matsumura Cynthia , Tucker D. Andrew , Armstrong Wesley R. , Cabebe Anthony E. , Wu Nanping , Li Luyi , Le Thuc M. , Radu Caius G. , Donahue Timothy R. 
Published: March 2019

SignificancePancreatic cancer is notoriously treatment resistant. These tumors rely on lysosome-dependent recycling pathways to generate substrates for metabolism, which are inhibited by chloroquine (CQ) and its derivatives. However, clinical efficacy of CQ as a monotherapy or combined with standard-of-care regimens has been limited. Using an unbiased kinome screen, we identify replication stress as an induced vulnerability of CQ due to impaired de novo nucleotide biosynthesis and find that combination treatment with CQ and a replication stress response inhibitor is synthetically lethal in pancreatic cancer.
Limited oxygen production in the Mesoarchean ocean
Authors: Ossa Ossa Frantz , Hofmann Axel , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Poulton Simon W. , Stüeken Eva E. , Schoenberg Ronny , Eickmann Benjamin , Wille Martin , Butler Mike , Bekker Andrey 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Episodic development of “oxygen oases” during the Archean Eon characterizes the hundreds of millions of years transition to permanent oxygenation in the atmosphere–hydrosphere system at the Great Oxidation Event (∼2.4–2.3 Ga). One of these well-characterized oxygen oases is recorded in Mesoarchean sediments of the Pongola Supergroup. We show that in contrast to the Neoarchean, biological oxygen production in a shallow ocean having Mo-based nitrogen fixation was not sufficient to result in a dissolved nitrogen reservoir that would carry the isotopic effects of an aerobic nitrogen cycle. Nevertheless, it appears that low concentrations of bioavailable phosphorus, rather than nitrogen, suppressed the growth and expansion of oxygenic photosynthesizers and may explain why pervasive and permanent oxygenation was delayed during the Archean Eon.
PTPN14 degradation by high-risk human papillomavirus E7 limits keratinocyte differentiation and contributes to HPV-mediated oncogenesis
Authors: Hatterschide Joshua , Bohidar Amelia E. , Grace Miranda , Nulton Tara J. , Kim Hee Won , Windle Brad , Morgan Iain M. , Munger Karl , White Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) uncouple proliferation from differentiation to enable virus replication in epithelial cells. HPV E7 proteins are well established to promote proliferation by binding to and inactivating retinoblastoma family proteins and other cell cycle inhibitors. However, mechanisms by which high-risk HPV oncoproteins inhibit differentiation have not been defined. This paper identifies a mechanism by which high-risk HPV E7 inhibit keratinocyte differentiation. The inhibition of differentiation requires degradation of the cellular protein PTPN14 by high-risk HPV E7, and this degradation is related to the ability of high-risk HPV oncoproteins to immortalize keratinocytes and to cause cancer.
Amyloid found in human cataracts with two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Alperstein Ariel M. , Ostrander Joshua S. , Zhang Tianqi O. , Zanni Martin T. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Cataract disease causes blindness in over 18 million people due to aggregation of proteins in the normally clear eye lens. There exist conflicting reports about these aggregates in lens tissue due to complications such as extremely high protein concentration. Here, we use two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy to identify amyloid β-sheets in cataract lens tissue. The three 2DIR structural signatures of diagonal peak frequency, anharmonic shift, and cross-peak frequency, as well as our comparison with FTIR measurements, UV irradiation, and light scattering, demonstrate a toolset for protein secondary structure investigation in tissue.
On the performance of an ENZ-based sensor using transmission line theory and effective medium approach
Authors: Pacheco-Peña V , Beruete M , Rodríguez-Ulibarri P , Engheta N 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this paper we perform an in-depth theoretical study of a sensing platform based on epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials. The structure proposed for sensing is a narrow metallic waveguide channel. An equivalent circuit model is rigorously deduced using transmission line theory, considering several configurations for a dielectric body (analyte sample) inserted within the narrow channel, showing good agreement with results obtained from numerical simulations. The transmission line model is able to reproduce even the most peculiar details of the sensing platform response. Its performance is then evaluated by varying systematically the size, position and permittivity of the analyte, and height of the ENZ channel. It is shown that the sensor is capable of detecting changes in the permittivity/refractive index or position even with deeply subwavelength analyte sizes (∼0.05λ
0), giving a sensitivity up to 0.03 m/RIU and a figure of Merit ∼25. The effective medium approach is evaluated by treating the inhomogeneous cross-section of the analyte as a transmission line filled with a homogeneous material.
Spin detection with a micromechanical trampoline: towards magnetic resonance microscopy harnessing cavity optomechanics
Authors: Fischer R , McNally D P , Reetz C , Assumpção G G T , Knief T , Lin Y , Regal C A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We explore the prospects and benefits of combining the techniques of cavity optomechanics with efforts to image spins using magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM). In particular, we focus on a common mechanical resonator used in cavity optomechanics—high-stress stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si3N4) membranes. We present experimental work with a ‘trampoline’ membrane resonator that has a quality factor above 106 and an order of magnitude lower mass than a comparable standard membrane resonators. Such high-stress resonators are on a trajectory to reach 0.1

aN

/

Hz

force sensitivities at MHz frequencies by using techniques such as soft clamping and phononic-crystal control of acoustic radiation in combination with cryogenic cooling. We present a demonstration of force-detected electron spin resonance of an ensemble at room temperature using the trampoline resonators functionalized with a magnetic grain. We discuss prospects for combining such a resonator with an integrated Fabry–Perot cavity readout at cryogenic temperatures, and provide ideas for future impacts of membrane cavity optomechanical devices on MRFM of nuclear spins.
The Relationship between Alcohol Craving and Insomnia Symptoms in Alcohol-Dependent Individuals
Authors: He Sean , Brooks Alyssa T , Kampman Kyle M , Chakravorty Subhajit 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThis preliminary investigation evaluated the link between alcohol craving and insomnia in actively drinking patients with alcohol dependence (AD).MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of treatment-seeking patients with AD who drank heavily (N = 61). The Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) evaluated alcohol craving, and the Short Sleep Index (SSI) assessed insomnia symptoms. We used linear regression models for baseline cross-sectional assessments. Linear mixed effects regression models evaluated craving scores longitudinally across insomnia groups (+/−), and insomnia scores longitudinally across craving groups(high/low). These longitudinal analyses were conducted separately in those treated with placebo (N = 32) and quetiapine (N = 29).ResultsThe mean (standard deviation) for PACS total score was 15.9 (8.5) and for SSI was 2.1 (2.3). Alcohol craving was associated with the insomnia symptom of difficulty falling asleep (P = 0.03; effect size = −0.7) and with the SSI total score (P = 0.04, effect size = −0.7). In the longitudinal analysis, insomnia+ subjects had consistently higher PACS total scores, relative to the insomnia− group. The PACS score demonstrated significant group × time interactions in both treatment groups. Insomnia+ individuals demonstrated a relatively steeper rate of decline in the craving with quetiapine treatment (P = 0.03). Insomnia− individuals in the placebo group demonstrated a transient reduction in craving until week 8, followed by an increase in scores(P = 0.004). The SSI score did not demonstrate any interactive effect over time across the craving groups in either treatment arm.ConclusionInsomnia was associated with higher alcohol craving and quetiapine differentially reduced craving in those with insomnia.
Epidermal patterning and stomatal development in Gnetales
Authors: Rudall Paula J , Rice Callie L 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
The gymnosperm order Gnetales, which has contentious phylogenetic affinities, includes three extant genera (Ephedra, Gnetum, Welwitschia) that are morphologically highly divergent and have contrasting ecological preferences: Gnetum occupies mesic tropical habitats, whereas Ephedra and Welwitschia occur in arid environments. Leaves are highly reduced in Ephedra, petiolate with a broad lamina in Gnetum and persistent and strap-like in Welwitschia. We investigate stomatal development and prepatterning stages in Gnetales, to evaluate the substantial differences among the three genera and compare them with other seed plants.

Methods
Photosynthetic organs of representative species were examined using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Key Results
Stomata of all three genera possess lateral subsidiary cells (LSCs). LSCs of Ephedra are perigene cells derived from cell files adjacent to the stomatal meristemoids. In contrast, LSCs of Gnetum and Welwitschia are mesogene cells derived from the stomatal meristemoids; each meristemoid undergoes two mitoses to form a ‘developmental triad’, of which the central cell is the guard mother cell and the lateral pair are LSCs. Epidermal prepatterning in Gnetum undergoes a ‘quartet’ phase, in contrast with the linear development of Welwitschia. Quartet prepatterning in Gnetum resembles that of some angiosperms but they differ in later development.

Conclusions
Several factors underpin the profound and heritable differences observed among the three genera of Gnetales. Stomatal development in Ephedra differs significantly from that of Gnetum and Welwitschia, more closely resembling that of other extant gymnosperms. Differences in epidermal prepatterning broadly reflect differences in growth habit between the three genera.
(De-)Criminalizing Welfare? The Rise and Fall of Social Security Fraud Prosecutions in Australia
Authors: Wilcock Scarlet 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The social security fraud prosecution rate has fallen by approximately 74.9 per cent in Australia since 2010. This is remarkable considering the national dialogue continues to propound a ‘zero tolerance’ approach to fraud in the welfare system. Drawing on interviews with compliance staff from the Australian Department of Human Services, documentary research and a Foucauldian governmentality analytic, this article charts and interrogates the declining welfare fraud prosecution rate in the context of neoliberal welfare reform. It argues that this decline is at least partially the result of the reformulation of the objects of prosecution strategies by staff responsible for their enactment. This finding highlights the importance of localized accounts of welfare administration to supplement and complicate macro analyses of the ‘criminalization of welfare’ in Western industrialized nations.
The heat-pump market in Italy: an in-depth economic study about the reasons for a still unexpressed potential
Authors: Pieve Maurizio , Trinchieri Raniero 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the Italian heat-pump (HP) market is presented, with an overview over the past 10 years. In order to highlight market potential and barriers, a comparison is proposed between the economic performances of two different heating and domestic hot-water systems, air-to-water HPs and condensing boilers, based on several factors, such as energy costs, thermal loads, climatic conditions, HP-performance classes and some economic indicators such as the payback time and the interest rate. The results are presented in a parametric form, which may be profitably used for a comparative analysis with other European countries. The first part of the paper deals with the analysis of the current Italian HP market, to show its still unexpressed potential. The second part analyses the HP economic convenience with respect to the most commonly used heating technology, i.e. the gas boiler, under conditions typical of the Italian climate. The comparison is carried out in terms of two economic indicators: additional acceptable cost and net present value. The main results show that HP technology is economically competitive in most Italian climatic zones, with a strong dependence on the HP-performance class. In particular, if the best-performing class was adopted, economic gains would be guaranteed over the gas boiler, even with significant variations in the main influencing variables. Thus, the economic issue does not seem to be a limiting factor for HP technology diffusion, at least if the current incentives are maintained. Rather, some other barriers should be removed, such as the supply chain, the training of installation personnel and the final-user awareness.