bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naproxen attenuates osteoarthritis progression through inhibiting the expression of prostaglandinl‐endoperoxide synthase 1
Authors: Wang Cuijiang , Wang Fei , Lin Fen , Duan Xiaohong , Bi Binna 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to test the effect of naproxen treatment and the biological target of naproxen for treating osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OA synovial tissues and normal counterparts were analyzed by messenger RNA microarray analysis. R package (weighted gene coexpression network analysis) was used to divide DEGs into several modules and determine the hub genes in each module. The expression level of prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 1 (
PTGS1) in OA synovial cells and tissues was verified by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Transwell assay evaluated the numbers of cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, Safranin O and fast green staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed on joints from anterior cruciate ligament transection mice.ResultsMicroarray analysis determined PTGS1 was the hub gene in the black module, which was overexpressed in OA synovial cells and tissues compared with normal synovial cells. OA synovial cells transfected with sh‐PTGS1 showed downregulation of PTGS1. After treatment with naproxen, the expression of PTGS1 sharply decreased in the OA group. The migration and invasion of OA synovial cells increased, whereas the cell apoptosis rate decreased when PTGS1 was overexpressed. However, the cell migration and invasion decreased, whereas cells apoptosis increased when it was treated with naproxen. Naproxen could also influence the expression level of six OA‐related genes: LUBRICIN, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), ACAN, COL2A1, and COL1A1.ConclusionWe validated that naproxen could suppress the expression of PTGS1 in synovial cells. Moreover, naproxen could inhibit the migration/invasion ability of OA synoviocytes and promote the apoptosis rate OA synoviocytes.
Impact of Balloon Diameter on Dilation Outcomes in a Model of Rabbit Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Schweiger Cláudia , Hart Catherine K. , Tabangin Meredith E. , Cohen Aliza P. , Roetting Nicholas J. , de Alarcón Alessandro 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the appropriate balloon size for dilation using a previously described reproducible survival animal model of subglottic stenosis.Study DesignProspective animal study.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study including 16 New Zealand White rabbits. The airway of each animal was sized with an endotracheal tube (ETT), and subglottic stenosis (SGS) was endoscopically induced using Bugbee electrocautery to 75% of the circumference of the subglottis, followed by 4‐hour intubation. Two weeks postoperatively, the rabbits' airways were sized and then dilated using a 6‐, 7‐, 8‐, or 9‐mm balloon, with four animals in each experimental group. Following dilation, animals were again sized and subsequently euthanized. The cricoid lumen was measured microscopically in each animal.ResultsPrior to inducing stenosis, all animals were sized with a 3.5 ETT. After inducing injury but prior to dilation, airways showed grade 2 SGS that sized with a 2.5 ETT with no leak. Postdilation, animals dilated with 6‐ or 7‐mm balloons (n = 8) sized with a 3.0 ETT, and animals dilated with an 8‐ or 9‐mm balloon (n = 8) sized with a 3.5 ETT. Postdilation median cricoid lumen measurements were 12.5 mm2 (6‐mm balloon), 13.92 mm2 (7 mm), 16.83 mm2 (8 mm), and 17.15 mm2 (9 mm); two cricoid fractures occurred in the 9‐mm group.ConclusionThe postdilation cricoid lumen diameter increased with increased balloon size, and the use of an 8‐mm balloon achieved the largest cricoid lumen diameter without causing fracture. Further research is necessary to determine the ideal duration of dilation and optimal intervals between dilations.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:2409–2413, 2019
Trends in female leadership at high‐profile otolaryngology journals, 1997–2017
Authors: Litvack Jamie R. , Wick Elizabeth H. , Whipple Mark E. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo determine the proportion and relative advancement of women in leadership positions at high‐impact otolaryngology journals.MethodsNine clinical otolaryngology journals were selected based on high impact factor and subspecialty representation (journal impact factor, 2016: 1.16–2.95). The proportion of women editorial board members associate and/or section editors, and/or editor‐in‐chief was measured from 1997 to 2017. Comparisons were made to the proportion of women otolaryngology faculty at U.S. medical schools in 2017.ResultsFrom 1997 to 2017, female editorial board membership increased from 7.2% (range: 0.0%–12.8%) to 17.7% (range: 10.9%–38.9%) (P = 0.0001). In 2017, the proportion of female editorial board members was significantly less than the proportion of female academic otolaryngology faculty (17.7% vs. 27.7%, P = 0.0001), and there was threefold variation between journals. From 1997 to 2017, the proportion of female associate and/or section editors increased from 9.3% (range: 0.0–27.3) to 20.9% (range: 5.3% to 45.5%) (P = 0.09). In 2017, the proportion of female associate and/or section editors was not significantly different than the proportion of female associate or full professor academic otolaryngology faculty (20.9% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.73), but there was ninefold variation between journals.ConclusionWomen were underrepresented on eight of nine otolaryngology editorial boards but appropriately represented at the associate and/or section editorship level. There was remarkable variation in representation at individual journals, which may provide future opportunities to examine best practices. Disparity exists in leadership at the most senior level of these high‐profile otolaryngology journals: none had women editor‐in‐chiefs.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:2031–2035, 2019
A Comparison of Methods for Classifying Female Sablefish Maturity and Skip Spawning Outside the Spawning Season
Authors: Rodgveller C. J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Ovarian development in Sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria was classified using three methods for samples collected during July and August in the Gulf of Alaska, approximately 6–8 months prior to spawning. Although not an ideal time for predicting future spawning, this is when survey platforms, such as longline and trawl vessels, are available annually. The three maturity classification methods included (1) macroscopic classification at sea by trained scientists but with these personnel varying throughout the survey period, (2) macroscopic classification after the survey from photographs by a single, highly trained scientist (standardized macroscopic), and (3) a microscopic evaluation of ovarian structures from histological slides. Based on certain oocyte development characteristics, the second half of August was identified as the time period when maturity could be the most accurately classified in the Gulf of Alaska. Age and length at maturity were estimated to be earlier or smaller, respectively, on some portions of the survey, when macroscopic at-sea methods were used as opposed to standardized macroscopic or microscopic methods. Skip spawning was documented throughout the survey but at a lower rate than was reported in other studies (2% versus 6% and 21%), indicating that the rate of skip spawning is likely variable. The results demonstrate that accurate maturity classifications may be determined from collections during nonpreferable months when histology or the standardized macroscopic method is used. Identifying skip spawning is likely reliant on microscopic analysis, and so a combination of the standardized macroscopic method along with limited histological sampling, to identify skip spawning rates or to classify maturity when there is uncertainty at sea, may be the most time- and cost-effective option for species similar to Sablefish that skip spawn.
Layered Topological Insulators and Semimetals for Magnetoresistance Type Sensors
Authors: Zhang Minhao , Wang Xuefeng , Song Fengqi , Zhang Rong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMagnetoresistance (MR) type sensors are transducers that can vary their resistances sensitively in response to an applied magnetic field. Recently, topological quantum materials have drawn the increased attention for sensor applications due to their novel MR effects. Here, a range of MR effects occurring in the layered 3D topological insulators and topological semimetals are briefly reviewed. The MR effects include the extremely large nonsaturating MR, the giant anisotropic MR, and the unique spin‐valve‐like MR. The large MR ratios, the high MR anisotropy, and the low 1/f noise allow sensors to have the high sensitivity over a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields. It is anticipated that the layered topological quantum materials with their excellent MR performance and structural flexibility would provide an ideal platform for new‐generation magnetic sensor applications.
Computational Screening of Efficient Single‐Atom Catalysts Based on Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C3N4) for Nitrogen Electroreduction
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhao Jingxiang , Cabrera Carlos R. , Chen Zhongfang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe development of low‐cost and efficient electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) at ambient conditions is crucial for NH3 synthesis and provides an alternative to the traditional Harber‐Bosch process. Herein, by means of density functional theory (DFT) computations, the catalytic performance of a series of single metal atoms supported on graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) for NRR is evaluated. Among all the candidates, the Gibbs free energy change of the potential‐determining step for five single‐atom catalysts (SACs), namely Ti, Co, Mo, W, and Pt atoms supported on g‐C3N4 monolayer, is lower than that on the Ru(0001) stepped surface. In particular, the single tungsten (W) atom anchored on g‐C3N4 (W@g‐C3N4) exhibits the highest catalytic activity toward NRR with a limiting potential of −0.35 V via associative enzymatic pathway, and can well suppress the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. The high NRR activity and selectivity of W@g‐C3N4 are attributed to its inherent properties, such as significant positive charge and large spin moment on the W atom, excellent electrical conductivity, and moderate adsorption strength with NRR intermediates. This work opens up a new avenue of N2 reduction for renewable energy supplies and helps guide future development of single‐atom catalysts for NRR and other related electrochemical process.
Oxygen Vacancy Tuning toward Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to C2H4
Authors: Gu Zhengxiang , Yang Na , Han Peng , Kuang Min , Mei Bingbao , Jiang Zheng , Zhong Jun , Li Li , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a promising approach to solve both renewable energy storage and carbon‐neutral energy cycles, while the capability of selective reduction to C2+ products has still been quite limited. In this work, partially reduced copper oxide nanodendrites with rich surface oxygen vacancies (CuOx–Vo) are developed, serving as excellent Lewis base sites for enhanced CO2 adsorption and subsequent electrochemical reduction. Theoretical calculations reveal that these oxygen vacancy‐rich CuOx surfaces provide strong binding affinities to the intermediates of *CO and *COH, but weak affinity to *CH2, thus leading to efficient formation of C2H4. As a result, the partially reduced CuOx nanodendrites exhibit one of the highest C2H4 production Faradaic efficiencies of 63%. The electrochemical stability test further shows that the C2H4 Faradaic efficiency strongly depends on the oxygen vacancy density in CuOx, which can further be regenerated for several cycles, thus suggesting the critical role of oxygen vacancies for the C2 product selectivity.
Revisiting the Optimal Nano‐Morphology: Towards Amorphous Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Nunzi Jean‐Michel , Lebel Olivier 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOrganic photovoltaic cells commonly use an active layer with a polycrystalline bulk heterojunction. However, for simplifying the fabrication process, it may be worthwhile to use an amorphous active layer to lessen the burden on processing to achieve optimal performance. While polymers can adopt amorphous phases, molecular glasses, small molecules that can readily form glassy phases and do not crystallize over time, offer an appealing alternative, being monodisperse species. Our group has developed a series of reactive molecular glasses that can be covalently bonded to chromophores to form glass‐forming adducts, and this strategy has been used to synthesize glass‐forming donor and acceptor materials. Herein, the results of devices incorporating these materials in either partially or fully amorphous active layers are summarized. Additionally, these molecular glasses can be used as ternary components in crystalline systems to enhance efficiency without perturbing the morphology.
Energy systems modeling: Trends in research publication
Authors: Machado Pedro Gerber , Mouette Dominique , Villanueva Luz D. , Esparta A. Ricardo , Mendes Leite Bruno , Moutinho dos Santos Edmilson 
Published: December 2018

This study analyzes 34 tools through 442 publications on energy systems modeling, aiming to identify the most relevant trends in research and the research gaps in energy planning. For detecting these gaps, the publications analyzed were categorized based on pre‐defined criteria regarding geographical coverage, sectoral coverage, time horizon, analytical approach and energy source. The categories were designed to be a broad classification with the appropriate level of information required to differentiate between models. The results show that there is a lack of studies concerned with better understanding the energy systems in Africa and South America. Environmentally‐oriented publications account for 50.4% of all the publications studied. Modelers have thus shown a greater interest in studying issues related to climate change mitigation than in other areas of the energy chain.This article is categorized under:

Energy Policy and Planning > Economics and Policy
Energy Policy and Planning > Systems and Infrastructure
Concentrating Solar Power > Economics and Policy
The availability of drug by liposomal drug delivery
Authors: Smits Evelien A. W. , Soetekouw José A. , Pieters Ebel H. E. , Smits Coen J. P. , de Wijs-Rot Nicolette , Vromans Herman 
Published: December 2018

Summary
Lately, the usefulness of liposomal drug delivery systems has been debated. To better understand the underlying pharmacokinetics of the targeted drug delivery by liposomes, individual encapsulated and non-encapsulated drug concentrations in blood, tumor, liver, spleen and kidneys were quantified after i.v. administration of liposomal prednisolone phosphate in mice. Kinetic analysis shows that the tumor influx of encapsulated drug is not dominant compared to the uptake by the other tissues. Further, from a quantitative point of view, the availability of non-encapsulated drug in the tumor tissue after liposomal delivery is not pronounced as compared to the other tissues studied. However, drug release in the tumor seems more extended than in the other tissues and the non-encapsulated drug concentration decreases more slowly in the tumor than in the liver and spleen. The spleen shows a high affinity for the uptake of encapsulated drug as well as the release of drug from the liposomes. Subsequently, released drug in the spleen, and possibly also in other tissues, is probably quickly redistributed towards the blood and other tissues. This also impairs the drug delivery effect of the liposomes. In contrast to the released drug in the central circulation, liver and spleen, the released drug concentration in the tumor remains at a fairly constant level likely due to the extended release kinetics from the liposomes. These extended release characteristics in the tumor most probably contribute to the beneficial effect. Nevertheless, it should be noted that larger released drug concentrations are formed in healthy tissues.
Sexual Activity is Associated with Greater Enjoyment of Life in Older Adults
Authors: Smith Lee , Yang Lin , Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Stubbs Brendon , Jackson Sarah E. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Relationships among sexual activity, problems and concerns, and well-being among older adults have not been fully explored.

Aim
To investigate associations among sexual activity, problems and concerns, and experienced well-being in a representative sample of older adults.

Methods
In this cross-sectional analysis from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, sexual behavior, problems, and concerns were assessed via a self-completed questionnaire. Covariates included age, partnership status, socioeconomic status, smoking status, alcohol intake, limiting long-standing illness, and depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using 1-way independent analysis of variance.

Main Outcome Measure
Enjoyment of life was assessed with the pleasure subscale of the CASP-19 (Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, and Pleasure), a validated measure of quality of life specific to older age.

Results
Data on sexual activity and enjoyment of life were available for a total of 3,045 men and 3,834 women (mean age 64.4 years in men and 65.3 years in women). Men and women who reported any sexual activity in the past year had significantly higher mean enjoyment of life scores compared with those who were not sexually active (men, 9.75 vs 9.44 [P &lt; .001]; women, 9.86 vs 9.67 [P = .003]). Among sexually active men, frequent (≥2 times a month) sexual intercourse (P &lt; .001) and frequent kissing, petting, or fondling (P &lt; .001) were associated with greater enjoyment of life. Among sexually active women, frequent kissing, petting, or fondling was also associated with greater enjoyment of life (P &lt; .001), but there was no significant association with frequent intercourse (P = .101). Concerns about one’s sex life and problems with sexual function were strongly associated with lower levels of enjoyment of life in men and to a lesser extent in women.

Conclusion
This is among the first studies to show that well-being is higher among older adults when they are sexually active. Preferences regarding the expression of sexual activity differed between the sexes. Further longitudinal research is needed to confirm a causal association between sexual activity and well-being.
Association of cord serum albumin with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among term appropriate-for-gestational-age neonates
Authors: Mishra Asit Kumar , Naidu C. Sanyasi 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:
Neonatal jaundice affects nearly 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates during the first week of life. Although early discharge of healthy term newborns is a common practice, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) is the most common cause for readmission during the early neonatal period.

Objective:
To determine the association of cord serum albumin with serum bilirubin levels and whether it can be used as a risk indicator for the development of NH.

Method:
In this observational study, cord blood was collected from healthy term newborns for serum albumin level measurements. Total serum bilirubin and direct serum bilirubin were measured during 72 –96 h of life. Newborns were clinically assessed daily for NH or for any other complication during the study period.

Result:
Among the study cohort of 300 babies, 35 had a total serum bilirubin level of ≥17 mg/dl after 72 h and were considered to have NH. They were grouped as Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 according to the cord serum albumin level ≤2.8 g/dl, 2.9–3.3 g/dl, and ≥3.4 g/dl, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess the correlation of cord serum albumin with NH. The results showed that a cord serum albumin level ≤2.8 g/dl is critical, as it was seen in 95% of term newborns who developed NH. In the group where cord serum albumin was ≥3.4 g/dl, none of the term newborns developed NH.

Conclusion:
Term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia with a total serum bilirubin level ≥17 mg/dl had levels of cord serum albumin of ≤2.8 g/dl, and this can be used as a risk indicator to predict the development of NH.
Global Mean Climate and Main Patterns of Variability in the CMCC‐CM2 Coupled Model
Authors: Cherchi A. , Fogli P. G. , Lovato T. , Peano D. , Iovino D. , Gualdi S. , Masina S. , Scoccimarro E. , Materia S. , Bellucci A. , Navarra A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEuro‐Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change coupled climate model (CMCC‐CM2) represents the new family of the global coupled climate models developed and used at CMCC. It is based on the atmospheric, land and sea ice components from the Community Earth System Model coupled with the global ocean model Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean. This study documents the model components, the coupling strategy, particularly for the oceanic, atmospheric, and sea ice components, and the overall model ability in reproducing the observed mean climate and main patterns of interannual variability. As a first step toward a more comprehensive, process‐oriented, validation of the model, this work analyzes a 200‐year simulation performed under constant forcing corresponding to present‐day climate conditions. In terms of mean climate, the model is able to realistically reproduce the main patterns of temperature, precipitation, and winds. Specifically, we report improvements in the representation of the sea surface temperature with respect to the previous version of the model. In terms of mean atmospheric circulation features, we notice a realistic simulation of upper tropospheric winds and midtroposphere geopotential eddies. The oceanic heat transport and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation satisfactorily compare with present‐day observations and estimates from global ocean reanalyses. The sea ice patterns and associated seasonal variations are realistically reproduced in both hemispheres, with a better skill in winter. Main weaknesses of the simulated climate are related with the precipitation patterns, specifically in the tropical regions with large dry biases over the Amazon basin. Similarly, the seasonal precipitation associated with the monsoons, mostly over Asia, is weaker than observed. The main patterns of interannual variability in terms of dominant empirical orthogonal functions are faithfully reproduced, mostly in the Northern Hemisphere winter. In the tropics the main teleconnection patterns associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation and with the Indian Ocean Dipole are also in good agreement with observations.