bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravascular modality‐guided versus angiography‐guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kim Namkyun , Lee Jang Hoon , Jang Se Yong , Bae Myung Hwan , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Jeong Myung Ho , Park Jong‐Seon , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Hur Seung‐Ho , Seong In‐Whan , Cho Myeong‐Chan , Kim Chong‐Jin , Chae Shung Chull ,   for the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry ‐ National Institute of Health Investigators
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundFew data are available for current usage patterns of intravascular modalities such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fractional flow reserve (FFR) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Moreover, patient and procedural‐based outcomes related to intravascular modality guidance compared to angiography guidance have not been fully investigated yet.MethodsWe examined 11,731 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from the Korea AMI Registry–National Institute of Health database. Patient‐oriented composite endpoint (POCE) was defined as all‐cause death, any infarction, and any revascularization. Device‐oriented composite endpoint (DOCE) was defined as cardiac death, target‐vessel reinfarction, and target‐lesion revascularization.ResultsOverall, intravascular modalities were utilized in 2,659 (22.7%) patients including 2,333 (19.9%) IVUS, 277 (2.4%) OCT, and 157 (1.3%) FFR. In the unmatched cohort, POCE (5.4 vs. 8.5%; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61–0.93; p = .008) and DOCE (4.6 vs. 7.4%; adjusted HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.97; p = .028) were significantly lower in intravascular modality‐guided PCI compared with angiography‐guided PCI. In the propensity‐score‐matched cohorts, POCE (5.9 vs. 7.7%; HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.60–0.92; p = .006) and DOCE (5.0 vs. 6.8%; HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.57–0.90; p = .004) were significantly lower in intravascular modality guidance compared with angiography guidance. The difference was mainly driven by reduced all‐cause mortality (4.4 vs. 7.0%; p < .001) and cardiac mortality (3.3 vs. 5.2%; p < .001).ConclusionIn this large‐scale AMI registry, intravascular modality guidance was associated with an improving clinical outcome in selected high‐risk patients.
Long‐term transesophageal echocardiography after patent foramen ovale closure by BioSTAR and Amplatzer patent foramen ovale occluders
Authors: Suligoj Natasa Cernic , Rojko Maja , Suligoj Brina , Zorc Metka , Kar Saibal , Noc Marko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo compare transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) findings after patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure by BioSTAR (NMT Medical Inc, Boston, MA) and Amplatzer PFO occluders (Abbott Vascular, Plymouth, MN).BackgroundPFO closure with a biodegradable device represents an attractive alternative to permanent devices. Long‐term effectiveness and morphology after biodegradation remain unknown.MethodsBetween February 2008 and June 2014, 49 patients received BioSTAR and 48 Amplatzer PFO occluder. TOE was performed after closure, at 6 months and beyond 2 years.ResultsPFO features were comparable between the groups. Immediate effective closure (<5 bubbles on Valsalva) was obtained in 96% by BioSTAR and 88% by Amplatzer PFO occluder (p = .16). Except for transient fever after BioSTAR (10.8 vs. 0%; p = .08), there was no adverse events. TOE at 6 months revealed comparable effective closure (93 vs. 89%; p = .74), all devices in correct position and no thrombus/pericardial effusion. In the BioSTAR group, a peri‐device left‐to‐right color Doppler shunt was documented in one patient (2.2%), protrusion of the nitinol framework strut(s) into the atrial cavity in two patients (4.3%), and both events in one patient (2.2%). TOE beyond 2 years showed comparable effective closure (92 vs. 96%; p = 1.00) and again BioSTAR‐associated peri‐device left‐to‐right shunt and metal framework strut(s) protrusion. There was no stroke or peripheral embolization in either group while TIA was numerically greater in BioSTAR patients (6.8 vs. 2.5%; p = .61).ConclusionBioSTAR provided similar PFO closure rate as Amplatzer PFO occluder. As yet unreported BioSTAR‐associated peri‐device left‐to‐right shunt and metal framework strut(s) protrusion may have practical implications for further development of biodegradable devices.
Copper‐Catalyzed Tandem C−H/N−H Activation, Cyclization[4+2] and Dehydration of Arylamides with Formamide: Synthesis of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones Derivatives
Authors: Sun Jian , Wang Guodong , Hao Liqiang , Han Junfen , Li Hongshuang , Duan Guiyun , You Guirong , Li Furong , Xia Chengcai 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel route for copper‐catalyzed tandem C−H/N−H activation, cyclization[4+2] and dehydration of arylamides with formamide to synthesize 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives was developed. This approach is assisted by an 8‐aminoquinoline group and the formamide provide the nitrogen and carbon source. This reaction is compatible with various functional groups, and the reaction conditions are mild. In addition, it uses cheaply and commercially available reagents, and provides direct access to 4(3H)‐quinazolinones.
Effect of Ca Promoter on the Structure and Catalytic Behavior of FeK/Al2O3 Catalyst in Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Huang Shouying , Wang Jian , Zhao Qiao , Wang Yifei , Wang Yue , Ma Xinbin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFischer‐Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to olefins is an alternative route for lower olefins production. The role of alkaline‐earth metals as promoters in FTS was not so clear. Herein, we prepared a series of FeKCa/Al2O3 catalysts by excessive co‐impregnation method to elucidate the promotion effect of Ca on catalytic performance. Characterization technologies of N2 physisorption, XRD, Raman spectrum, TEM and CO chemisorption were used to study the textural properties, phase composition and dispersion of Fe species. The results showed that the addition of Ca promotes dispersion of iron species thus leads to much smaller crystallite size. Meanwhile, no electron donation effect was observed upon Ca introduction, as evidenced by XPS and H2‐TPR. A maximum of FTY is achieved at 1.0 wt.% Ca, followed by a decline when adding excessive Ca due to less exposed active sites. Notably, the product distribution is almost unchanged. The nearly constant TOF values with and without Ca addition indicates Ca works only as a structural promoter rather than chemical promoter.
On‐the‐fly Catalyst Modification: Strategy to Improve Catalytic Processes Selectivity and Understanding
Authors: Sá Jacinto , Medlin J. Will 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHydrogenation is a quintessential process to the chemical industry. It is heavily involved in organic synthesis and fuel production, among other processes. Preferentially the reactions are carried out with heterogeneous catalysts and when possible in flow mode. Herein, we provide a retrospective on selective surface modification of catalysts for improved selectivity and understanding of catalytic reactivity. In addition, we provide a prospectus for an emerging strategy of carrying out surface modification on‐the‐fly to produce novel catalysts in a fast and reproducible way and to understand catalytic phenomena.
Selective Depolymerisation of γ‐Oxidised Lignin via NHC Catalysed Redox Esterification
Authors: Xiao Ganyuan , Lancefield Christopher S. , Westwood Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe development of new catalytic methods for the processing of lignocellulose‐derived renewable feedstocks continues to gain momentum, despite the considerable challenges associated with the use of complex biopolymers such as lignin. Here, we report a new two‐step depolymerisation method for lignin involving primary alcohol oxidation followed by a NHC‐mediated redox esterification‐depolymerisation step. The process takes advantage of the inherent structure of the β‐aryl ether units present in the specific type of lignin that was used (butanosolv) and delivers 4 novel aromatic monomers which retain the C3 side chain present in the lignin subunits. The utility of the major product is assessed suggesting that rapid access to a wide range of interesting chemical could be achieved from this renewable building block.
A Scandium Metalloligand‐Based Heterobimetallic Pd−Sc Complex: Electronic Tuning Through a Very Short Pd→Sc Dative Bond
Authors: Du Jun , Huang Zeming , Zhang Yanan , Wang Shaowu , Zhou Shuangliu , Fang Huayi , Cui Peng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe first heterobimetallic Pd−Sc complex featuring a very short Pd→Sc dative bond has been synthesized and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, and electrochemistry. Computational studies elucidated the nature of the Pd→Sc bond as a donor–acceptor interaction, which generates a more electron‐deficient Pd0 metal center as compared to that in the mono Pd0 complex in their reactions with isonitrile and carbon monoxide. Cooperative reactivity has been demonstrated in the reaction with MeI.
Silicate‐Phenolic Networks: Coordination‐Mediated Deposition of Bioinspired Tannic Acid Coatings
Authors: Weber Florian , Liao Wei‐Chih , Barrantes Alejandro , Edén Mattias , Tiainen Hanna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSurface modification with polyphenolic molecules has been pursued in biomedical materials owing to their antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial characteristics. Recently, the use of silicic acid (Siaq) as a mediator for efficient surface deposition of tannic acid (TA) was reported, but the postulated Si‐TA polymeric networks were not characterized. Herein, we present unambiguous evidence for silicate‐TA networks that involve Si−O−C motifs by using solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, further supported by XPS and ToF‐SIMS. By using QCM‐D we demonstrate the advantages of Siaq, compared to using transition‐metal ions, to improve the coating efficiency under mildly acidic conditions. The presented homogenous coating buildup and validated applicability in inorganic buffers broadens the use of TA for surface modifications in technological and biomedical applications.
Environmental factors affect the distribution of two Epichloë fungal endophyte species inhabiting a common host grove bluegrass (Poa alsodes)
Authors: Shymanovich Tatsiana , Faeth Stanley H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimThe endophyte Epichloë alsodes, with known insecticidal properties, is found in a majority of Poa alsodes populations across a latitudinal gradient from North Carolina to New York. A second endophyte, E. schardlii var. pennsylvanica, with known insect‐deterring effects, is limited to a few populations in Pennsylvania. We explored whether such disparate differences in distributions could be explained by selection from biotic and abiotic environmental factors.LocationAlong the Appalachian Mountains from North Carolina to New York, USA.TaxonFungi.MethodsStudied correlations of infection frequencies with abiotic and biotic environmental factors. Checked endophyte vertical transmission rates and effects on overwintering survival. With artificial inoculations for two host populations with two isolates per endophyte species, tested endophyte–host compatibility. Studied effects of isolates on host performances in greenhouse experiment with four water‐nutrients treatments.ResultsCorrelation analysis revealed positive associations of E. alsodes frequency with July Max temperatures, July precipitation, and soil nitrogen and phosphorous and negative associations with insect damage and soil magnesium and potassium. Plants infected with E. alsodes had increased overwintering survival compared to plants infected with E. schardlii or uninfected (E−) plants. Artificial inoculations indicated that E. alsodes had better compatibility with a variety of host genotypes than did E. schardlii. The experiment with reciprocally inoculated plants grown under different treatments revealed a complexity of interactions among hosts, endophyte species, isolate within species, host plant origin, and environmental factors. Neither of the endophyte species increased plant biomass, but some of the isolates within each species had other effects on plant growth such as increased root:shoot ratio, number of tillers, and changes in plant height that might affect host fitness.Main conclusionIn the absence of clear and consistent effects of the endophytes on host growth, the differences in endophyte‐mediated protection against herbivores may be the key factor determining distribution differences of the two endophyte species.
Macroevolution of arboreality in salamanders
Authors: Baken Erica K. , Adams Dean C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEvolutionary theory predicts that selection in distinct microhabitats generates correlations between morphological and ecological traits, and may increase both phenotypic and taxonomic diversity. However, some microhabitats exert unique selective pressures that act as a restraining force on macroevolutionary patterns of diversification. In this study, we use phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate the evolutionary outcomes of inhabiting the arboreal microhabitat in salamanders. We find that arboreality has independently evolved at least five times in Caudata and has arisen primarily from terrestrial ancestors. However, the rate of transition from arboreality back to terrestriality is 24 times higher than the converse. This suggests that macroevolutionary trends in microhabitat use tend toward terrestriality over arboreality, which influences the extent to which use of the arboreal microhabitat proliferates. Morphologically, we find no evidence for an arboreal phenotype in overall body proportions or in foot shape, as variation in both traits overlaps broadly with species that utilize different microhabitats. However, both body shape and foot shape display reduced rates of phenotypic evolution in arboreal taxa, and evidence of morphological convergence among arboreal lineages is observed. Taken together, these patterns suggest that arboreality has played a unique role in the evolution of this family, providing neither an evolutionary opportunity, nor an evolutionary dead end.
Transient stability monitoring and preventive control based on CCT distribution factor
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Yorino Naoto , Sasaki Yutaka , Zoka Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a monitoring and control method for transient stability (TS). First, it is clarified that there may exist various critical patterns of uncertain power flows causing instability due to photovoltaic generations. Then, the use of critical clearing time (CCT) is suggested as a TS index, which can be computed by conventional TS analysis tools. A distribution factor (DF) for controlling CCT is investigated, referred to as CCT‐DF in this paper. Then, three optimization problems using CCT‐DF are formulated based on bilevel optimization to obtain reliable operation planning. The combined use of the optimizations guarantees the power system robust security under uncertainties.
Technical and economic evaluation of separation of dimethyl disulfide from disulfide oil at liquefied petroleum gas treatment facilities of Assaluyeh gas refinery
Authors: Shabani Mohammad R. , Royaee Sayed J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDisulfide oil (DSO) is produced as a hydrocarbon sulfide waste stream in liquefied petroleum gas and condensate sweetening units in refineries and can cause acute environmental pollutions. In this article, a simple process composed of two units including a distillation unit and a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit is proposed to overcome the disulfide oil problem in refineries. The commercial HDS catalyst is CoMo type that is applicable for hydrotreating of DSO. This catalyst is developed by different licensors such as Axens. The high sulfur content in DSO feed causes an increase in heat of reaction and partial pressure of H2S in HDS reactor. By using special design techniques such as reactor quenching or increase H2/oil ratio, the reactor can be designed properly for DSO feed. The waste stream DSO is converted to valuable products including: dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), sweet gas and condensate. A process flow diagram consisting of distillation and HDS units together with amine treating and hydrogen compression system is proposed and simulation of the process is carried out by Aspen plus: The distillation unit separates DMDS and the HDS unit removes sulfur from remainder DSO. Capital cost estimation methodology is based on bare module factor. The capital and operating cost of the process are estimated for a real capacity of DSO just produced in south pars of Iran. Financial parameters and sensitivity analysis show that the process is feasible both technically and economically with an internal rate of return of 73.6%. The proposed process is accepted environmentally by converting a harmful waste to saleable products.
Correlation and principal component regression analysis for studying air quality and meteorological elements in Wuhan, China
Authors: Song Zhe , Deng Qinli , Ren Zhigang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe states of human health and the environment are closely related to air quality (AQ). Further, in addition to pollutant emissions, meteorological elements are key factors that affect AQ. In this study, variations in the air quality index (AQI) were analyzed; the relationships between AQI and meteorological elements during 2013–2017 in Wuhan were examined, using the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) technique. Meanwhile, the principal component regression (PCR) technique was used to predict the daily AQI based on the previous day's AQI and five meteorological variables. An obvious seasonal pattern was seen in the AQI variations. Temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed were negatively correlated with AQI, while atmospheric pressure was positively correlated with AQI for the entire study period. The performance of the PCR model was evaluated using different statistical indicators. The results showed that the PCR model could predict the daily AQI effectively at all six monitoring stations with determination coefficient (R2) values of 0.549, 0.563, 0.561, 0.596, 0.534, and 0.602, respectively.
Evaluating sources of uncertainty and variability in rock glacier inventories
Authors: Brardinoni Francesco , Scotti Riccardo , Sailer Rudolf , Mair Volkmar 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate sources of uncertainty and variability associated with rock glacier inventories compiled from remotely sensed imagery. To this end, we ran three mapping exercises in Kaiserbergtal, Austria. To evaluate interactions between mapping style and imagery resolution, we asked six operators to map and assess the degree of activity of all rock glaciers they could identify – first on Google Earth™ (GE) imagery and then on a set of higher‐resolution orthophotos and LiDAR‐derived images (LO) (Exercise 1). To compare the mapping attributes on a common set of rock glaciers, we asked 14 operators to delineate the outline of four designated rock glaciers (Exercise 2) and to classify the activity of 15 designated rock glaciers (Exercise 3) on LO. Results show strikingly high inter‐operator variability. Specifically, we show that the number of mapped rock glaciers on GE can vary up to a factor of 3, and that using LO lowers this figure to a factor of 2, while producing an increase in the number of mapped landforms, which become systematically smaller (Exercise 1). Examination of polygon outlines identifies highest inter‐operator variability at the transition with the rooting zone and, in polymorphic rock glaciers, on adjacent creeping lobes. Variability is higher for relict landforms (Exercise 2). Operators’ activity assessments, evaluated against an independent quantitative activity index (RGI), display reasonable agreement for active and relict landforms, whereas inactive counterparts meet least consensus and therefore are problematic (Exercise 3). We further show that this variability in mapping outcomes propagates across compound variables, and must be considered when assessing uncertainties and confidence levels of environmental evaluations that rely on rock glacier inventories, such as the lower altitudinal limit of discontinuous permafrost, or water storage potential. We call for an international effort to establish guidelines for rock glacier classification and mapping, towards more homogeneous inventories. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arbeitsintegrierte Verdichtungskontrolle während der Rütteldruckverdichtung
Authors: Nagy Péter , Adam Dietmar 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDie Rütteldruckverdichtung ist ein Bodenverbesserungsverfahren, das bei der tief reichenden Verdichtung von grobkörnigen Böden weltweit angewendet wird. Die wesentlichen Vorteile dieser Technologie bestehen in der Vorwegnahme von Setzungen durch Bodenverdichtung und der Homogenisierung des Untergrunds. Trotz langjähriger Tradition des Verfahrens basieren heutzutage die Festlegung von Prozessparametern sowie die Kontrolle und der Nachweis des Verdichtungserfolgs in erster Linie auf Erfahrungen der ausführenden Firmen.Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Möglichkeit zur arbeitsintegrierten Verdichtungskontrolle auf Basis des Bewegungsverhaltens des Tiefenrüttlers aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Die dynamische Wechselwirkung zwischen einem Tiefenrüttler und dem zu verdichtenden Boden wurde in großmaßstäblichen experimentellen Untersuchungen auf einem Versuchsfeld bei weitestgehend bekannten Untergrundverhältnissen messtechnisch erfasst und dokumentiert. Die theoretische Untersuchung des Rüttler‐Boden‐Interaktionssystems ermöglichte eine Quantifizierung des Verdichtungserfolgs in Form eines unmittelbar aus der Rüttlerbewegung ableitbaren Indikators. Dieser lässt eine tiefenabhängige Verdichtungskontrolle entlang der Verdichtungsstrecke zu und erteilt Informationen über die Homogenität des erzeugten Bodenkörpers im Versuchsboden, wodurch eine raumfüllende Kontrolle der Verdichtungsarbeiten gewährleistet werden kann.
Risk stratification of fine‐needle aspiration cytology of parotid neoplasms based on the Milan system—Experience from a tertiary center in Asia
Authors: Choy Kevin C. C. , Bundele Manish M. , Li Hao , Fu Ernest W. , Rao Nandini C. L. , Lim Ming Yann 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe recently described Milan system provides a unified way of categorizing salivary gland fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. We aim to use this system to stratify risk of malignancy in parotid FNAs.MethodsIn this retrospective case series, 376 FNAs were preoperatively performed for 573 parotidectomies over 14 years.ResultsRisk of malignancy on FNA is as follows: nondiagnostic 14.5%, non‐neoplastic 26.7%, atypia of undetermined significance 29.3%, benign neoplasm 2.7%, neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential 19.1%, suspicious for malignancy 87.5%, and malignant 100%. The specific diagnoses of pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor on FNA have high positive predictive value of 97.5% and 96.6%, respectively. Multivariate regression associates smaller size of lesion with a nondiagnostic or indeterminate result. Seniority of operator is associated with a lower likelihood of a nondiagnostic result.ConclusionsThis large Asian series validates the Milan system as a valuable tool in stratifying malignancy risk of parotid FNAs.