bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship betweenStreptococcus mutansexpressing Cnm in the oral cavity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study
Authors: Tonomura Shuichi , Naka Shuhei , Tabata Keiko , Hara Tasuku , Mori Kojiro , Tanaka Saiyu , Sumida Yoshio , Kanemasa Kazuyuki , Nomura Ryota , Matsumoto-Nakano Michiyo , Ihara Masafumi , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Nakano Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe state of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is pathologically characterised by steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, and lobular inflammation. Host–microbial interaction has gained attention as one of the risk factors for NASH. Recently,cnm-gene positiveStreptococcus mutansexpressing cell surface collagen-binding protein, Cnm (cnm-positiveS. mutans), was shown to aggravate NASH in model mice. Here, we assessed the detection rate ofcnm-positiveS. mutansin oral samples from patients with NASH among NAFLD.MethodsThis single hospital cohort study included 41 patients with NAFLD. NASH was diagnosed histologically or by clinical score. The prevalence ofcnm-positiveS. mutans, oral hygiene and blood tests, including liver enzymes, adipocytokines and inflammatory and fibrosis markers, were assessed in biopsy-proven or clinically suspected NASH among NAFLD.ResultsPrevalence ofcnm-positiveS. mutanswas significantly higher in patients with NASH than patients without NASH (OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.02 to 15.5). Thecnm-positiveS. mutanswas related to decreased numbers of naturally remaining teeth and increased type IV collagen 7S level (median (IQR) 10.0 (5.0–17.5) vs 20.0 (5.0–25.0), p=0.06; 5.1 (4.0–7.9) vs 4.4 (3.7–5.3), p=0.13, respectively).ConclusionsPrevalence ofcnm-positiveS. mutansin the oral cavity could be related to fibrosis of NASH among NAFLD.
Video intervention to improve incident reporting among medical trainees
Authors: Valery Jose , Helmi Haythem , Spaulding Aaron , Che Xinxuang , Prada Gabriel , Chamorro Pareja Natalia , Moreno-Franco Pablo , Stancampiano Fernando F 
Published: October 2019

Introduction/objectiveImproving graduate medical trainee involvement with patient safety and incident reporting is an important task in teaching hospitals that has been recognised across the country and led to numerous efforts to address barriers to incident reporting. A variety of studies have started to define the reasons why trainees are not optimally involved and interventions that may be helpful. The present study aims to add to this literature by primarily addressing barriers that can be considered ‘non-technical’ such as fears surrounding potential professional repercussions after submitting a report, perceptions that reporting incidents is not useful, and concerns about anonymity.MethodsBarriers to incident reporting were previously analysed at our institution. A video was produced to directly target the barriers discovered. A 2-hour educational session was delivered which included the video intervention. The educational session was part of the standard patient safety curriculum at our institution. Paper surveys were used to capture changes in perceived barriers to incident reporting. Baseline and postintervention surveys were analysed for changes using t-tests and a p value of <0.05 to determine significance. Survey development included literature review, patient safety expert discussion and cognitive interviews.ResultsPerceived knowledge about the reporting process significantly improved after the intervention (t=−4.49; p<0.05). Attitudes about reporting also significantly improved with reduction in fear of negative consequences and anonymity. Perceptions of reporting being a futile activity were also diminished after the intervention.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that targeting non-technical barriers to incident reporting with a video intervention is an effective way to improve perceived knowledge and attitude about incident reporting.
Reducing peripherally inserted central catheters and midline catheters by training nurses in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement
Authors: Galen Benjamin , Baron Sarah , Young Sandra , Hall Alleyne , Berger-Spivack Linda , Southern William 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundTraining nurses in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement might reduce the use of more invasive venous access devices (peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) and midline catheters).MethodsWe implemented an abbreviated training in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement for nurses on an inpatient medical unit and provided a portable ultrasound device for 10 months.ResultsNurses on this unit placed 99 ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheters with a high level of success. During the implementation period, PICC and midline catheter placement decreased from a mean 4.8 to 2.5 per month, meeting criteria for special cause variation. In the postimplementation period, the average catheter use reverted to 4.3 per month on the intervention unit. A comparison inpatient medical unit without training or access to a portable ultrasound device experienced no significant change in PICC and midline catheter use throughout the study period (mean of 6.0 per month).ConclusionsThese results suggest that an abbreviated training in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement for nurses on an inpatient medical unit is sufficient to reduce PICC and midline catheters.
Anisotropic cosmological dynamics in f(T) gravity in the presence of a perfect fluid
Authors: Skugoreva Maria A. , Toporensky Alexey V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We consider the cosmological evolution of a flat anisotropic Universe in f(T) gravity in the presence of a perfect fluid. It is shown that the matter content of the Universe has a significant impact of the nature of a cosmological singularity in the model studied. Depending on the parameters of the f(T) function and the equation of state of the perfect fluid in question the well-known Kasner regime of general relativity can be replaced by a new anisotropic solution, or by an isotropic regime, or the cosmological singularity changes its nature to a non-standard one with a finite values of Hubble parameters. Six possible scenarios of the cosmological evolution for the model studied have been found numerically.
Augmented Reality-Based Real-Time Accurate Artifact Management System for Museums
Authors: Abbas Zain , Chao Wei , Park Chanyoung , Soni Vivek , Hong Sang Hoon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this article, we present an accurate and easy to use augmented reality (AR) application for mobile devices. In addition, we show how to better organize and track artifacts using augmented reality for museum employees using both the mobile device and a 3D graphic model of the museum in a PC server. The AR mobile application can connect to the server, which maintains the status of artifacts including its 3D location and respective room location. The system relies on 3D measurements of the rooms in the museum as well as coordinates of the artifacts and reference markers in the respective rooms. The measured coordinates of the artifacts through the AR mobile application are stored in the server and displayed at the corresponding location of the 3D rendered representation of the room. The mobile application allows museum managers to add, remove, or modify artifacts' locations simply by touching the desired location on the touch screen showing live video with AR overlay. Therefore, the accuracy of the touch screen-based artifact positioning is very important. The accuracy of the proposed technique is validated by evaluating angular error measurements with respect to horizontal and vertical field of views that are 60∘ and 47∘, respectively. The worst-case angular errors in our test environment exhibited 0.60∘ for horizontal and 0.29∘ for vertical, which is calculated to be well within the error due to touch screen sensing accuracy.
Identification and Characterization of Persistent Cold Pool Events from Temperature and Wind Profilers in the Columbia River Basin
Authors: McCaffrey Katherine , Wilczak James M. , Bianco Laura , Grimit Eric , Sharp Justin , Banta Robert , Friedrich Katja , Fernando H. J. S. , Krishnamurthy Raghavendra , Leo Laura S. , Muradyan Paytsar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCold pool events occur when deep layers of stable, cold air remain trapped in a valley or basin for multiple days, without mixing out from daytime heating. With large impacts on air quality, freezing events, and especially on wind energy production, they are often poorly forecast by modern mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Understanding the characteristics of cold pools is, therefore, important to provide more accurate forecasts. This study analyzes cold pool characteristics with data collected during the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2), which took place in the Columbia River basin and Gorge of Oregon and Washington from fall 2015 until spring 2017. A subset of the instrumentation included three microwave radiometer profilers, six radar wind profilers with radio acoustic sounding systems, and seven sodars, which together provided seven sites with collocated vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. Using these collocated observations, we developed a set of criteria to determine if a cold pool was present based on stability, wind speed, direction, and temporal continuity, and then developed an automated algorithm based on these criteria to identify all cold pool events over the 18 months of the field project. Characteristics of these events are described, including statistics of the wind speed distributions and profiles, stability conditions, cold pool depths, and descent rates of the cold pool top. The goal of this study is a better understanding of these characteristics and their processes to ultimately lead to improved physical parameterizations in NWP models, and consequently improve forecasts of cold pool events in the study region as well at other locations that experiences similar events.
Investigating the Role of the Tibetan Plateau in the Formation of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Yang Haijun , Wen Qin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) over the Eurasian continent has significant effects on both regional and global climate. It can even affect the remote Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), as shown in this study. Through coupled modeling experiments, we demonstrate that removing the TP immediately weakens the meridional wind over East Asia, resulting in stronger westerlies in the midlatitudes. The stronger westerlies enhance the southward Ekman flow and surface latent and sensible heat losses in the subpolar North Atlantic, cooling the surface ocean and leading to stronger North Atlantic deep-water formation and stronger AMOC during the first few decades after the TP removal. At the same time, accompanying the weakened trade winds in the tropical Pacific, more moisture is transported from the tropical Pacific to the North Atlantic, freshening the surface ocean and triggering a weakening of the AMOC. The AMOC weakening in turn results in southward expansion and melting of sea ice, providing more freshwater to the North Atlantic, which furthers the weakening of the AMOC. The positive feedback between the AMOC and sea ice eventually leads to AMOC shutdown. We illustrate that there would be no AMOC without the TP. These results call for a revisiting of how ocean circulation and global climate may have responded to the TP uplift and other tectonic changes on the geological time scale.
Individual and Combined Impacts of Tropical Indo-Pacific SST Anomalies on Interannual Variation of the Indochina Peninsular Precipitation
Authors: Yang Yiya , Wu Renguang , Wang Chenghai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study documents interannual rainfall variations over the Indochina Peninsula (ICP) during the rainy season and individual and combined influences of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. The rainfall variability is large along the west coast in May–June, along the west coast and over the eastern mountains in July–August, and along the central Vietnam coast in September–November. More rainfall in May–June, July–August, and October–November occurs in the La Niña decaying years, La Niña decaying years and/or El Niño developing years, and La Niña developing years, respectively. The May–June rainfall variation along the west coast is associated with equatorial central-eastern Pacific (EP), south Indian Ocean, and western North Pacific SST anomalies. The July–August rainfall variation along the west coast and over the eastern mountains is related to equatorial central Pacific and tropical southeastern Indian Ocean SST anomalies. The October–November rainfall variation along the central Vietnam coast is affected by EP and tropical western Indian Ocean SST anomalies. The EP and tropical western Indian Ocean SST influence is through anomalous Walker circulation. The south Indian Ocean SST influence is via cross-equatorial flows. The tropical southeastern Indian Ocean SST influence is via an anomalous cross-equatorial overturning circulation. The equatorial central Pacific and western North Pacific SST influence is via a Rossby wave–type response. The analysis illustrates the importance of combined effects of regional SST anomalies on the ICP precipitation variation in different stages of the rainy season. Numerical experiments with SST anomalies imposed in different regions confirm the combined effects of the Indo-Pacific SST anomalies on the ICP rainfall variation.
Sterno-omohyoid Free Flap for Dual-Vector Dynamic Facial Reanimation
Authors: Vincent Aurora G. , Bevans Scott E. , Robitschek Jon M. , Groom Kelly L. , Herr Marc W. , Hohman Marc H. 
Published: October 2019

Background: Dynamic rehabilitation of longstanding facial palsy with damaged, atrophied, or absent facial muscles requires replacement of neural and muscular components. The ideal reconstruction would include a fast-twitch muscle that is small, a reliable donor vessel and nerve, and the potential to provide a natural, synchronous, dentate smile with minimal donor site morbidity. Many flaps have been successfully used historically, but none has produced ideal rehabilitation. Objective: To evaluate the novel sterno-omohyoid, dual-vector flap in rehabilitation of chronic facial paralysis. Results: We performed sterno-omohyoid free tissue transfer for smile reanimation in a 39-year-old male with a history of longstanding right facial palsy following resection of a skull base tumor several years previously. We transferred both muscles with the superior thyroid artery, middle thyroid vein, and ansa cervicalis. The patient developed a dynamic smile by 6 months postoperatively, and he had improved objective facial symmetry. Conclusion: Herein, we demonstrate the first use of the sterno-omohyoid flap for successful facial reanimation. Overall, it is a novel flap in facial reanimation with many advantages over traditional flaps, including the potential to produce a more synchronous, dynamic smile while adding minimal bulk to the face. Future series will better elucidate the potential of the sterno-omohyoid flap.
The Contribution of Prescribed and Illicit Opioids to Fatal Overdoses in Massachusetts, 2013-2015
Authors: Walley Alexander Y. , Bernson Dana , Larochelle Marc R. , Green Traci C. , Young Leonard , Land Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Opioid-related overdoses are commonly attributed to prescription opioids. We examined data on opioid-related overdose decedents in Massachusetts. For each decedent, we determined which opioid medications had been prescribed and dispensed and which opioids were detected in postmortem medical examiner toxicology specimens. Methods: Among opioid-related overdose decedents in Massachusetts during 2013-2015, we analyzed individually linked postmortem opioid toxicology reports and prescription drug monitoring program records to determine instances of overdose in which a decedent had a prescription active on the date of death for the opioid(s) detected in the toxicology report. We also calculated the proportion of overdoses for which prescribed opioid medications were not detected in decedents’ toxicology reports. Results: Of 2916 decedents with complete toxicology reports, 1789 (61.4%) had heroin and 1322 (45.3%) had fentanyl detected in postmortem toxicology reports. Of the 491 (16.8%) decedents with ≥1 opioid prescription active on the date of death, prescribed opioids were commonly not detected in toxicology reports, specifically: buprenorphine (56 of 97; 57.7%), oxycodone (93 of 176; 52.8%), and methadone prescribed for opioid use disorder (36 of 112; 32.1%). Only 39 (1.3%) decedents had an active prescription for each opioid detected in toxicology reports on the date of death. Conclusion: Linking overdose toxicology reports to prescription drug monitoring program records can help attribute overdoses to prescribed opioids, diverted prescription opioids, heroin, and illicitly made fentanyl.
Transcutaneous Laryngeal Ultrasonography for the Assessment of Laryngeal Function After Thyroidectomy: A Review
Authors: da Costa Bianca Oliveira Ismael , Rodrigues Darlyane de Souza Barros , Santos Ary Serrano , Pernambuco Leandro 
Published: October 2019

Objective: This review set out to examine the applicability of transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasonography (TLUSG) for the assessment of laryngeal function after thyroidectomy. Methods: An integrative review of the literature was performed using Medline/PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies. Results: All 8 included articles investigated laryngeal function with regard to the risk of vocal fold immobility after thyroidectomy. The results regarding the diagnostic power of TLUSG for this assessment are controversial, and there is a tendency to use this examination as a screening procedure for subsequent confirmation by flexible laryngoscopy. Conclusions: Transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasonography is a viable, noninvasive, and useful tool to assess laryngeal function after thyroidectomy, but current available evidence suggests that it does not replace flexible laryngoscopy for the diagnosis of vocal fold immobility.
Synaptic biomarker reduction and impaired cognition in the sub-chronic PCP mouse model for schizophrenia
Authors: Gigg John , McEwan Francesca , Smausz Rebecca , Neill Joanna , Harte Michael K 
Published: October 2019

Background: Sub-chronic phencyclidine treatment (scPCP) provides a translational rat model for cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia (CIAS). CIAS genetic risk factors may be more easily studied in mice; however, CIAS associated biomarker changes are relatively unstudied in the scPCP mouse. Aim: To characterize deficits in object recognition memory and synaptic markers in frontal cortex and hippocampus of the scPCP mouse. Methods: Female c57/bl6 mice received 10 daily injections of PCP (scPCP; 10 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle ( n = 8/group). Mice were tested for novel object recognition memory after either remaining in the arena (‘no distraction’) or being removed to a holding cage (‘distraction’) during the inter-trial interval. Expression changes for parvalbumin (PV), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) and postsynaptic density 95 (PDS95) were measured in frontal cortex, dorsal and ventral hippocampus. Results: scPCP mice showed object memory deficits when distracted by removal from the arena, where they treated previously experienced objects as novel at test. scPCP significantly reduced PV expression in all regions and lower PSD95 levels in frontal cortex and ventral hippocampus. Levels of GAD67 and SNAP-25 were unchanged. Conclusions: We show for the first time that scPCP mice: (a) can encode and retain object information, but that this memory is susceptible to distraction; (b) display amnesia after distraction; and (c) express reduced PV and PSD95 in frontal cortex and hippocampus. These data further support reductions in PV-dependent synaptic inhibition and NMDAR-dependent glutamatergic plasticity in CIAS and highlight the translational significance of the scPCP mouse.
The Infrastructure–Growth Nexus in Nigeria: A Reassessment
Authors: Ebuh Godday Uwawunkonye , Ezike Ifeoma Betty , Shitile Tersoo Shimonkabir , Smith Ebow Suleiman , Haruna Timipre Mary 
Published: October 2019

This article re-examines the link between infrastructure development and output growth in Nigeria for policy formulation and implementation. The article employed the Granger causality test based on the time series vector error correction model (VECM) to reinvestigate the nexus between infrastructure investment and economic growth in Nigeria, using quarterly data from 1997:Q1 to 2017:Q4. This study, therefore, interrogates and accepts the infrastructure–growth hypothesis that increased financial infrastructure and infrastructure stock stimulates long-run real economy expansion in the Nigerian context. JEL Classification: H54, E23, C23
Impact of oral oncolytic initiation on medication adherence for pre-existing comorbid chronic conditions
Authors: Dashputre Ankur A , S Gatwood Katie , Schmidt Jillian , Gatwood Justin 
Published: October 2019

Purpose Oral oncolytics have improved survival in hematological cancers like chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, and multiple myeloma; however, it is unclear of the extent to which initiating these treatments might impact adherence to oral therapies for pre-existing comorbid chronic conditions. Methods Adults diagnosed with and prescribed oral oncolytics for chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, or multiple myeloma between 2013 and 2016 and with continuous eligibility six months before and after oral oncolytic initiation were identified from the Truven Health MarketScan databases. Among those identified, patients with pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia with ≥1 fill for oral comorbid therapies were selected. Adherence to oral oncolytics and comorbid therapies was measured using the proportion of days covered metric. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests assessed changes in adherence for comorbid therapies after initiation of an oral oncolytic. Unadjusted difference-in-difference models assessed the impact of adherence to oral oncolytics on changes in adherence to comorbid therapies. Results Significant reductions in adherence after oncolytic initiation were observed across the comorbid therapies and were highest for patients taking lipid-lower agents (10.7–15.6%). Unadjusted difference-in-difference models revealed consistent and significantly lower reductions in adherence for those taking antihypertensives (chronic myeloid leukemia: p = 0.03; chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma: p = 0.007; multiple myeloma: p = 0.09) and adherent to oral oncolytics. Conclusion Initiation of oral oncolytics may negatively impact adherence to oral therapies for chronic comorbid conditions, necessitating the need for medication management strategies to help patients adhere to their entire medication regimen.