bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian winter and summer monsoon strength over the 4.2 ka BP event in foraminifer isotope records from the Indus River delta in the Arabian Sea
Authors: Giesche Alena , Staubwasser Michael , Petrie Cameron A. , Hodell David A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The plains of northwest South Asia receive rainfall during both the Indian
summer (June–September) and winter (December–March) monsoon. Researchers
have long attempted to deconstruct the influence of these precipitation
regimes in paleoclimate records, in order to better understand regional
climatic drivers and their potential impact on human populations. The
mid–late Holocene transition between 5.3 and 3.3 ka is of particular
interest in this region because it spans the period of the Indus Civilization
from its early development, through its urbanization, and onto eventual
transformation into a rural society. An oxygen isotope record of the
surface-dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber from
the northeast Arabian Sea provided evidence for an abrupt decrease in
rainfall and reduction in Indus River discharge at 4.2 ka, which the authors
linked to the decline in the urban phase of the Indus Civilization
(Staubwasser et al., 2003). Given the importance of this study, we used the
same core (63KA) to measure the oxygen isotope profiles of two other
foraminifer species at decadal resolution over the interval from 5.4 to
3.0 ka and to replicate a larger size fraction of G. ruber than
measured previously. By selecting both thermocline-dwelling
(Neogloboquadrina dutertrei) and shallow-dwelling
(Globigerinoides sacculifer) species, we provide enhanced detail of
the climatic changes that occurred over this crucial time interval. We found
evidence for a period of increased surface water mixing, which we suggest was
related to a strengthened winter monsoon with a peak intensity over 200 years
from 4.5 to 4.3 ka. The time of greatest change occurred at 4.1 ka when
both the summer and winter monsoon weakened, resulting in a reduction in
rainfall in the Indus region. The earliest phase of the urban Mature Harappan
period coincided with the period of inferred stronger winter monsoon between
4.5 and 4.3 ka, whereas the end of the urbanized phase occurred some time
after the decrease in both the summer and winter monsoon strength by 4.1 ka.
Our findings provide evidence that the initial growth of large Indus urban
centers coincided with increased winter rainfall, whereas the contraction of
urbanism and change in subsistence strategies followed a reduction in
rainfall of both seasons.
Een universeel rekenmodel voor bedrijfstak(cao- en pensioen)regelingen?
Authors: Halsema M.J.H. 
Published: January 2019

Een universeel rekenmodel voor bedrijfstak(cao- en pensioen)regelingen?
Deze bijdrage geeft een overzicht van alle bedrijfstak(cao- en pensioen)regelingen in Nederland. Binnen dat kader wordt in het bijzonder aandacht besteed aan de systematiek van de werkingssfeer van de oudste verplicht gestelde bedrijfstakregelingen, te weten die binnen de Landbouw, de Metalektro en de Metaal en Techniek. Op basis van uitvoerig beschreven patronen en relaties binnen en tussen deze te onderscheiden bedrijfstakken wordt een rekenmodel geïntroduceerd voor de bepaling van de op een werkgever toepasselijke werkingssfeer. Dit rekenmodel is van belang voor de uitleg van de werkingssfeer van de overige in deze bijdrage vermelde bedrijfstakregelingen.
Het grondrecht op collectief onderhandelen van zelfstandigen versus het Europese mededingingsrecht
Authors: Hoekstra R.F. 
Published: January 2019

Het grondrecht op collectief onderhandelen van zelfstandigen versus het Europese mededingingsrecht
In dit artikel staat centraal dat de beperking van de door het Hof van Justitie geformuleerde ‘cao-exceptie’ op het Europese mededingingsrecht tot ‘werknemers’ en ‘schijnzelfstandigen’ zich moeilijk tot een grondrechtenbenadering lijkt te verhouden. Zelfstandigen met een zwakke arbeidsmarktpositie hebben namelijk evenzeer behoefte aan collectieve middelen om hun arbeidsvoorwaarden te verbeteren en vallen ook onder grondrechtenverdragen. Door een uitgebreide beschouwing van de relevante rechtsinstrumenten van de VN, de IAO en de Raad van Europa en de uitleg die de toezichtorganen hieraan geven blijkt dat het grondrecht op vrijheid van (vak)vereniging, collectief onderhandelen en collectieve actie evenzeer aan deze groep lijkt toe te komen, en een te rigoureuze inperking vanwege het mededingingsrecht niet gerechtvaardigd wordt geacht. De conclusie bevat enkele gedachten over hoe het Europese mededingingsrecht met een grondrechtenbenadering overeenstemming te brengen. Daarbij passeren zowel de recente ontwikkelingen rondom het zelfstandigenvraagstuk in Nederland als initiatieven op Europees niveau de revue.
Overgang van onderneming in de publieke sector en de positie van de ‘geschorste’ werknemer
Authors: Sprengers L.C.J. 
Published: January 2019

Overgang van onderneming in de publieke sector en de positie van de ‘geschorste’ werknemer
Het HvJ EU heeft op 20 juli 2017, ECLI:EU:C:2017:574, inzake Piscarreta Ricardo geoordeeld over de vraag of de Richtlijn 2001/23 inzake overgang van onderneming ook van toepassing is op een (eenzijdig) overheidsbesluit om een onderneming waar een gemeente enig aandeelhouder van is te ontbinden en de activiteiten over te hevelen deels naar de gemeente en deels naar een andere onderneming. Ingegaan wordt op de betekenis van deze uitspraak voor de Nederlandse praktijk tegen de achtergrond van de Wet normalisering rechtspositie ambtenaren (WNRA), die met ingang van 1 januari 2020 van kracht gaat. Een andere vraag die door het HvJ EU is behandeld, is of een persoon die wegens de schorsing van zijn arbeidsovereenkomst niet in actieve dienst is, valt onder het begrip ‘werknemer’ in de zin van artikel 2 lid 1 onderdeel d van de richtlijn. Op de betekenis van dit arrest voor de Nederlandse rechtspraak hierover wordt eveneens ingegaan.
EELC 2018/41 Spanish Supreme Court now aligned with ECJ’s case law: Limitation to pre-transfer liabilities for new contractor under CBA-led transfers that triggers a non-asset based transfer are not valid (SP)
Authors: Aguilar Luis 
Published: January 2019

EELC 2018/41 Spanish Supreme Court now aligned with ECJ’s case law: Limitation to pre-transfer liabilities for new contractor under CBA-led transfers that triggers a non-asset based transfer are not valid (SP)
Following the ECJ’s decision in Somoza Hermo – v – Ilunion Seguridad, C-60/17 (Somoza Hermo) of 11 July 2018, all eyes were on the Spanish Supreme Court. Since 2016, the Court has ruled a number of times that limitations to the liability of the new contractor established in a collective bargaining agreement (‘CBA’) in the context of a CBA-led transfer were valid (see e.g. EELC 2018/21). Somoza Hermo established that a CBA-led transfer that entails a non-asset-based transfer is a transfer within the meaning of the Acquired Rights Directive. Now the Supreme Court (in a decision dated 27 September 2018 taken with one dissenting opinion) is clear that its doctrine must be reviewed and has therefore held that limitations on pre-transfer liability for a new contractor under a CBA-led transfer that trigger a non-asset-based transfer, are not valid.
EELC 2018/42 No reduction of vacation pay for already accrued vacation entitlement in the case of a reduction of weekly working hours later on (GE)
Authors: Stephan Nina , Schreiner Paul 
Published: January 2019

EELC 2018/42 No reduction of vacation pay for already accrued vacation entitlement in the case of a reduction of weekly working hours later on (GE)
According to German law, every employee is entitled to paid annual leave. The amount of pay is generally calculated based on the current salary (known as the “principle of loss of pay”) but a reduction of working hours during the year does not lead to a reduction of entitlement to holiday pay for previously acquired holiday entitlements. If the entitlement was already acquired before the reduction of working time (which can happen because in Germany holiday entitlement is acquired at the beginning of the calendar year), pay during leave will be based on the salary agreed between the employer and employee when the holiday entitlement was acquired and thus, based on the ‘old’ salary.
EELC 2018/46 Limits to a contractual penalty for non-compliance with a non-compete clause (CZ)
Authors: Diblíková Anna 
Published: January 2019

EELC 2018/46 Limits to a contractual penalty for non-compliance with a non-compete clause (CZ)
The Czech Supreme Court has ruled that the concept of good moral conduct must be taken into account when assessing whether an employee has breached his or her non-compete obligation and thus whether it is fair to demand that the employee pay a contractual penalty for the breach. The Court annulled the penalty.
Angst voor de dood als schade(post)
Authors: Overheul A.M. 
Published: January 2019

Angst voor de dood als schade(post)
Deze bijdrage gaat over angst voor de dood als schade(post) in het Nederlandse recht. Aanleiding hiervoor is een arrest van het Franse Cour de Cassation, waarin het Hof arrest wijst over angst voor de dood. De auteur spitst angst als schade toe op de dood, waarbij een onderscheid gemaakt wordt tussen drie verschillende situaties: het slachtoffer weet niet óf hij doodgaat; het slachtoffer heeft het ongeval – tegen de verwachting in – overleefd en het slachtoffer weet dat hij gaat overlijden.
Palliatieve zorg door naasten en zorgschade
Authors: Audenaerde E. , Renders L. 
Published: January 2019

Palliatieve zorg door naasten en zorgschade
In dit artikel geven de auteurs inzicht in wat palliatieve zorg is en hoe zij zich verhoudt tot het letsel dat centraal staat in de Handreiking Zorgschade. Zij zullen geen conclusies verbinden aan de jurisprudentie hierover, maar meer uitleg geven over wat palliatieve zorg is; of dit zorg is die gewoonlijk door naasten van een terminaal persoon gegeven kan worden, welke rol professionals hierin gewoonlijk hebben, en wat het verschil is (of niet) met zorgschade.
‘Affectieschade’ en ‘shockschade’, onderscheid, samenloop, vooruitblik
Authors: Lindenbergh S.D. 
Published: January 2019

‘Affectieschade’ en ‘shockschade’, onderscheid, samenloop, vooruitblik
De invoering van het ‘wetsvoorstel affectieschade’ roept een aanspraak op smartengeld in het leven voor naasten en nabestaanden. Dat roept vervolgens de vraag op hoe deze aanspraak zich verhoudt tot het recht op schadevergoeding van iemand die door confrontatie met een schokkende gebeurtenis geestelijk letsel heeft opgelopen. Daarover gaat deze bijdrage.
Waarom het rekensjabloon van het nieuwe model moet worden aangepast
Authors: Tromp J.M. 
Published: January 2019

Waarom het rekensjabloon van het nieuwe model moet worden aangepast
In dit artikel staat de vraag centraal of het rekensjabloon in het economisch deel 1 van het nieuwe model geschikt is om de uitkomsten te verwerken van de in het juridisch deel 2 te maken keuzes. De conclusie is dat dat niet zo is. Een praktische oplossing wordt aangedragen.
Safety and Utility of Continuous Ketamine Infusion for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients
Authors: Heiberger Amy L. , Ngorsuraches Surachat , Olgun Gokhan , Luze Lisa , Leimbach Caitlin , Madison Holly , Lakhani Saquib A. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVES The selection of sedative medications for mechanically ventilated pediatric patients remains an ongoing clinical challenge. Although continuous ketamine infusion has been used in this population, support for its use remains largely anecdotal. This study describes a single institution's use of ketamine infusions as part of a sedation protocol in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
METHODS This was a retrospective study of children who received ketamine infusions as part of a multidrug sedation protocol in a 12-bed PICU at a tertiary children's hospital. Outcomes included effectiveness of ketamine infusion in providing adequate sedation as determined by State Behavioral Scale (SBS) scores and incidence of adverse events.
RESULTS A total of 22 children receiving ketamine continuous infusion as part of a multidrug sedation protocol from February 2014 through October 2015 were eligible and enrolled in the study. Ketamine continuous infusion was administered in addition to at least 2 other sedation infusions at an average rate of 1.02 ± 0.50 mg/kg/hr, with a range of 0.07 to 2.0 mg/kg/hr. The duration of ketamine was 65.7 ± 41.01 hours, with a range of 19 to 153 hours. There was no significant change in SBS scores before and after initiation of ketamine infusion. Although not statistically significant, patients with inadequate sedation prior to starting ketamine required fewer bolus sedation doses and had improved sedation after ketamine was started. There were no reported adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS The addition of a ketamine infusion as part of a multidrug sedation regimen was at least as effective as patients' regimen prior to ketamine addition in this population of intubated pediatric patients, with no adverse events.
Association of Procalcitonin Value and Bacterial Coinfections in Pediatric Patients With Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kotula John J. , Moore Wayne S. , Chopra Arun , Cies Jeffrey J. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to determine the utility of procalcitonin (PCT) in detection of bacterial coinfection in children &lt; 5 years admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with viral lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI).
METHODS Electronic medical record review of children &lt; 5 years admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with a viral LRTI who also had at least 1 PCT concentration measurement.
RESULTS Seventy-five patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and met the inclusion criteria for this investigation. The PCT threshold concentrations of 0.9, 1, 1.4, and 2 ng/mL were found to be statistically significant in determining the presence of a bacterial coinfection. The PCT concentration with the most utility was 1.4 ng/mL with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 46%, 83%, 68%, and 76%, respectively. For patients with serial PCTs, the second PCT correctly influenced treatment decisions for 11 of 25 patients (44%).
CONCLUSIONS A PCT value of 1.4 ng/mL determined the presence of a bacterial coinfection primarily owing to the high specificity and negative predictive value. Our data add evidence to the relatively high negative predictive value of PCT concentrations in identifying patients with bacterial coinfection, specifically in the case of viral LRTI. In addition, our preliminary data indicate serial PCT measurements may help further influence correct treatment decisions. Prospective, controlled studies are warranted to validate an appropriate PCT threshold concentration to help in identifying bacterial coinfection as well as to further explore the role of serial PCT values in determining the absence or presence of a bacterial coinfection.
Sleep duration, lifestyles and chronic diseases: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors: Reis Cátia , Dias Sara , Rodrigues Ana Maria , Sousa Rute Dinis , Gregório Maria João , Branco Jaime , Canhão Helena , Paiva Teresa 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND Adequate sleep is essential for health. Both, short and long sleep durations are associated to worse quality of life and poor health outcomes. Portugal represents a specific population model, since according to European statistics it has high rates of chronic diseases like depression, hypertension, diabetes and stroke; and low quality of life as well as low index of physical activity, while in parallel it has some other good health indicators such as: low age-standardized mortality for both genders, nutrition in terms of energy and fruit consumption, smoking and alcohol, obesity and overweight prevalence. The aim of this study was to characterize health and chronic diseases, lifestyles and quality of life in subjects with short and long sleep duration.
Methods A population-based cross-sectional evaluation of the third wave of follow-up of the EpiDoC Cohort was carried between 2015-2016. A sample of 5,436 adults ≥18 years, representative of the national population, self-reported their daily total sleep time. Associations between short sleep duration (SSD ≤5h), long sleep duration (LSD≥9h) and independent variables were determined.
Results The prevalence for SSD was high (20.7%) and the LSD (5.9%) was low. Being older, with lower education, retired and unemployed were associated to SSD and LSD (p<0.01). Being obese was associated to SSD as well as hypertension, gastrointestinal disease and hypercholesterolemia (p<0.01). SSD and LSD, were associated with diabetes (p<0.01 and p=0.03) and depression (p<0.01 and p=0.02) respectively. Cardiovascular disease (p<0.01) was associated to LSD. Multimorbidity (p<0.01) was associated to SSD. Worse quality of life and bad physical function were associated to SSD and LSD, as well as being hospitalized in the previous 12 months (p<0.01).
Conclusions Socio-demographic, physical activity and chronic diseases were associated to reduction and extension of sleep duration. There was no association between rheumatic diseases and cancer with sleep duration, as found in other studies. This study emphasizes the burden of self-reported SSD for Portugal, its consequences to health and the need to increase sleep awareness campaigns enhancing the importance of sleep in health. Furthermore, it emphasizes that chronic diseases risks are dependent on multiple parameters which varying in different countries or regions, imply the need of regional studies and interventions.
Patients' preferences and the efficacy of a hybrid model of a minimal contact nasal mask in patients with sleep apnea treated with CPAP
Authors: Blanco Magali , Jaritos Veronica , Ernst Glenda , Salvado Alejandro , Nogueira Facundo , Borsini Eduardo 
Published: January 2019

Objectives To evaluate patient's satisfaction, efficacy and adherence to CPAP with a hybrid nasal mask (DW) we tested patients with OSA in unattended setting under real-life conditions.
Material and Methods Prospective, comparative study using DW mask 7 days against habitual mask in patients adapted to CPAP therapy.
Results We analyzed 52 patients: 35 men (67%) with IAH mean; 24.3±12.3 events/hour. At baseline mean compliance of 5.42±1.83 hours/night. After using DW mask, patients reported fewer marks, more comfort, greater partners acceptance, easier to use and was ranked higher to preventing leaks; p<0.05, and adherence (1 more hour per night,p>0.0042).Differences were not found in pressure 90th-95th percentile (9.6±9.2 cm of H2O, p<0.5), leaks (19.8±17 liters/min. p<0.37) or residual AHI (3.38±3.05 events/hour. p<0.93).
Conclusion In an uncontrolled non-randomized study, patients can use DW mask with similar leak level and better adherence as compared to conventional masks.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Management of Multiple Sclerosis–Related Pain
Authors: Gromisch Elizabeth S. , Kerns Robert D. , Czlapinski Rebecca , Beenken Beth , Otis John , Lo Albert C. , Beauvais John 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Pain is a common and often debilitating symptom in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Besides interfering with daily functioning, pain in MS is associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for pain has been found to be an effective treatment in other populations, there has been a dearth of research in persons with MS.

Methods:
Persons with MS with at least moderate pain severity (N = 20) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: CBT plus standard care or MS-related education plus standard care, each of which met for 12 sessions. Changes in pain severity, pain interference, and depressive symptom severity from baseline to 15-week follow-up were assessed using a 2×2 factorial design. Participants also rated their satisfaction with their treatment and accomplishment of personally meaningful behavioral goals.

Results:
Both treatment groups rated their treatment satisfaction as very high and their behavioral goals as largely met, although only the CBT plus standard care group's mean goal accomplishment ratings represented significant improvement. Although there were no significant differences between groups after treatment on the three primary outcomes, there was an overall improvement over time for pain severity, pain interference, and depressive symptom severity.

Conclusions:
Cognitive behavioral therapy or education-based programs may be helpful adjunctive treatments for persons with MS experiencing pain.
Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a 3-Week Inpatient Energy Management Education Program for People with Multiple Sclerosis–Related Fatigue
Authors: Hersche Ruth , Weise Andrea , Michel Gisela , Kesselring Jürg , Barbero Marco , Kool Jan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground:Energy conservation strategies and cognitive behavioral therapy techniques are valid parts of outpatient fatigue management education in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). In many European countries, multidisciplinary rehabilitation for people with MS is chiefly delivered in specialized rehabilitation centers, where they benefit from short intensive inpatient rehabilitation annually. However, no evidence-based and standardized fatigue management education program compatible with the inpatient setting is available.Methods:Based on a literature search and the expertise of occupational therapists (OTs), a manualized group-based Inpatient Energy Management Education (IEME) program for use during 3-week inpatient rehabilitation that incorporates energy conservation and cognitive behavioral management approaches was developed. An IEME pilot program operated by trained OTs included 13 people with MS-related fatigue. The experiences of the IEME users and OTs were collected during focus groups to refine the program's materials and verify its feasibility in the inpatient setting.Results:The program was feasible in an inpatient setting and met the needs of the people with MS. Targeted behaviors were taught to all participants in a clinical context. In-charge OTs were able to effect behavioral change through IEME.Conclusions:Users evaluated the evidence-based IEME program positively. The topics, supporting materials, and self-training tasks are useful for the promotion and facilitation of behavioral change. The next step is a clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of IEME and to evaluate relevant changes in self-efficacy, fatigue impact, and quality of life after patients return home.