bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI ESTRAK TUMBUHAN AKWAY (Drimys beccariana. Gibbs)
Authors: Parubak Apriani S. 
Published: April 2018

<p><em>The plant Akway (Drimys beccariana.</em>Gibbs<em>) is endemic to Papua and is frequently used traditionally by the Arfak tribe as a medicinal plant. We extract the plant by maceration with ethanol. The antibacterial test is done by Agar diffusion method. As microba test we used Escheresia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Result obtained from fitochemistry skrinning of the leaf and bark contained alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, tannin, glikosida, saponin, triterpenoid, steroid and fenolik. Concentration of active substances from the leaf are flavonoid (0,3680%) and tanin (10.33 %); while from the bark flavonoid 18.35% and tanin (27.65%). Antibacterial test showed that the plant could be used as an antibaterial substances. The test showed a moderate up to a strong blocking against Escherecia coli (a gram negative bacteri) and Bacillus subtilis (a gram positive bacteri). Thus it could be concluded that the Akway plant contain a substance with a bacteriostatic nature that could block the activity of the bacteri.</em></p>
PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN PIDANA BAGI NOTARIS YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN SURAT DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA OTENTIK
Authors: Bashori Mohamad Syafrizal 
Published: April 2018

Dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris diatur bahwa ketika Notaris dalam menjalankan tugas jabatannya terbukti melakukan pelanggaran, maka Notaris dapat dikenai atau dijatuhi sanksi berupa sanksi perdata dan administrasi. Tetapi UUJN tidak mengatur sanksi pidana terhadap Notaris. Dalam praktik ditemukan kenyataan bahwa suatu pelanggaran yang dilakukan Notaris sebenarnya dapat dijatuhi sanksi administrasi atau perdata, tapi kemudian ditarik atau dikualifikasikan sebagai suatu tindak pidana. Notaris yang melakukan tindak pidana pemalsuan surat dalam pembuatan Akta Otentik dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara pidana apabila memenuhi unsur-unsur kesalahan, yaitu mampu bertanggung jawab, ada hubungan batin berupa kesengajaan dan tidak ada alasan yang menghapuskan kesalahan. Sehingga Notaris yang dengan penuh kesadaran sengaja atau terlibat dalam pembuatan akta otentik palsu dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dalam hukum pidana. Sedangkan apabila unsur-unsur kesalahan tersebut tidak terpenuhi maka Notaris tersebut tidak dapat dipidana. Kata kunci : pertanggungjawaban pidana, notaris, akta otentik
KRIMINALISASI DALAM UU NO. 24 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA
Authors: Suarda I Gede Widiandana 
Published: April 2018

Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana merupakan salah satu sumber hukum pidana positif, oleh karena UU tersebut merumuskan Bab Ketentuan Pidana mulai Pasal 75 sampai dengan Pasal 79. Berdasarkan ketentuan pidana tersebut akan dapat diindetifikasi perbuatan-perbuatan apa saja yang merupakan tindak pidana penanggulangan bencana. Lebih lanjut, apabila ada yang melakukan perbuatan yang dilarang itu maka aparat peradilan pidana (polisi, jaksa, hakim, dan pemasyarakatan) akan melakukan penindakan dan penjatuhan pidana. Dengan demikian, UU No. 24 Tahun 2007 telah melakukan kriminalisai terhadap beberapa perbuatan yang terkait dengan masalah kebencanaan. Namun, sekalipun telah diundangkan bukan berarti persoalan telah selesai. Kebijakan kriminalisasi dalam UU No. 24 tahun 2007 tetap harus dianalisis guna mengantisipasi perbuatan-perbuatan kriminal sehubungan dengan penanggulangan bencana di Indonesia. Kajian yang dapat digunakan dalam rangka menganalisis kebijakan kriminalisasi dalam UU No. 24 tahun2007 adalah kajian politik hukum pidana. Kata kunci: Ketentuan Pidana, Kriminalisasi, Tindak Pidana PenanggulanganBencana, Politik Hukum Pidana.
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: STUDI KASUS DIREKTORAT INFORMASI KEPABEANAN DAN CUKAI
Authors: Febriadi Herid , Syamsuddin Muhammad Anshar 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan desain model Knowledge Management System (KMS) yang optimal sehingga mendukung kegiatan knowledge management (KM) di DIKC (Direktorat Informasi Kepabeanan dan Cukai) dan menjadi solusi untuk menjaga kualitas pelayanan DIKC meskipun pegawai yang berkompeten dimutasi dan untuk menghindari ketergantungan DIKC kepada pegawai tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fernandez untuk menilai faktor kontingensi organisasi, Organizational Culture Assesment Instrument (OCAI) untuk menilai budaya organisasi dan knowledge audit untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan organisasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah prioritas proses KM yang akan diterapkan yaitu Combination, Internalization, Direction, Socialization for knowledge sharing, dan Exchange. Dari proses KM ini kemudian didapatkan fitur yang dikembangkan sebagai fitur KMS DIKC yaitu wiki, manajemen dokumen, forum diskusi, FAQ (Frequently Asked Question), dan e-learning.Kata Kunci: manajemen pengetahuan, system manajemen pengetahuan, faktor kontingensi, OCAI, pengetahuan audit ABSTRACT: This study aims at producing a model design of optimal Knowledge Management System (KMS) so as to support knowledge management (KM) activities in DIKC and solution to maintain DIKC service quality although competent employees are transferred and to avoid dependence on certain employees in DIKC. The study was designed using Fernandez’s method to assess organizational contingency factors, organizational culture assessment instrument (OCAI) to evaluate the organizational culture and knowledge audit to identify organizational knowledge. The result of this research is a KM process priority to be applied, i.e. Combination, Internalization, Direction, Socialization for knowledge sharing, and Exchange. From this KM process, features are obtained to be developed as the KMS DIKC features, specifically wiki, document management, discussion forums, FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions), and e-learning.Keyword: Knowledge management, knowledge management system, contingency factors, OCAI, knowledge audits
EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERIKSAAN FISIK BARANG PADA DIREKTORAT JENDERAL BEA DAN CUKAI
Authors: Firdiansyah Akhmad , Nugroho Ario Seno 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Customs clearance activities carried out by the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) is closely related to the competitiveness of national economy indicators specifically ease of doing business, logistics performance index and dwelling time. Physical Examination of goods (bahandle) is a performance indicator of DJBC. Physical Examination was performed by the customs because of the number error and type of goods (red channel) or an error of the customs value and/or classification/tariff as well as random examination (green channel and priority channel). This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the physical examination performed by DJBC. This research exploits descriptive qualitative analysis method using secondary data import (PIB) during 2015-2016. The results of the study showed that the error found (hitrate) was 5.9% meaning among 2.165.243 PIB checked, 127.775 documents were false. This proves that the physical examination conducted by DJBC is not efficient. Risk management is required through the evaluation of the determination of the variables in the physical examination not only because of the number and type of error, but also the customs value and/or classification/tariffs. Improved physical examination can result in the potential for efficient results and implement good governance.Keywords: physical examination, red line, efficientABSTRAK:Kegiatan pemeriksaan pabean (customs clearance) yang dilaksanakan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai (DJBC) berkaitan erat dengan daya saing perekonomian nasional dalam hal kemudahan melakukan bisnis, indeks performa logistik dan dwelling time. Pemeriksaan fisik barang (bahandle) merupakan indikator kinerja DJBC. Pemeriksaan fisik dilakukan terhadap pemberitahuan pabean karena kesalahan jumlah dan jenis barang (jalur merah) maupun kesalahan karena nilai pabean dan/atau klasifikasi/tarif serta pemeriksaan secara acak (jalur hijau dan jalur prioritas). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa efektivitas kegiatan pemeriksaan fisik (bahandle) yang dilakukan oleh DJBC. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisa kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder importasi Pemberitahuan Impor Barang nasional (PIB) pada kurun waktu 2015-2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa besarnya kesalahan yang ditemukan (hitrate) adalah 5,9% yaitu artinya bahwa terhadap 2.165.243 PIB yang diperiksa, terdapat 127.775 dokumen yang salah. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa pemeriksaan fisik yang dilakukan oleh DJBC belum efisien. Diperlukan penataan manajemen yang baik melalui evaluasi penentuan variabel dalam pemeriksaan fisik dengan manajemen risiko yang obyektif dan terukur, bukan hanya karena kesalahan jumlah dan jenis saja, melainkan juga kesalahan karena nilai pabean dan/atau klasifikasi/tarif. Perbaikan tata kelola pemeriksaan fisik dapat memberikan potensi hasil yang efisien dan dapat mewujudkan pemerintahan yang baik (good governance).Kata Kunci: pemeriksaan fisik, jalur merah, efisien
ANALISIS PERAN DJBC DALAM PENGAWASAN PENYELUNDUPAN NPP (STUDI KASUS KPU BC TIPE C SOEKARNO-HATTA)
Authors: Adhitama Satria , Suranta Tomy 
Published: April 2018

Kemajuan teknologi informasi membuat hubungan bisnis dan transaksi perdagangan internasional menjadi lebih mudah. Kemajuan teknologi informasi ini juga menjadi salah satu pemicu meningkatnya penyelundupan narkotika, psikotropika, dan precursor (NPP). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan penerapan sistem pengawasan atas penyelundupan NPP di KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep pengawasan NPP sesuai Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Bea dan Cukai Nomor P-53/BC/2010. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Sedangkan metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan, teknik wawancara semi terstruktur, focus group discussion, dan analisis dokumen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta telah melaksanakan sistem pengawasan NPP secara optimal namun masih ditemukan hambatan dalam sistem pengawasan yaitu: 1. infrastruktur yang masih prematur menjadi beban tambahan untuk petugas Bea dan Cukai KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta. 2. KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta belum memiliki SOP yang mengatur pelaksanaan pengawasan atas pelanggaran terkait penyelundupan barang NPP. 3. belum adanya peraturan dan/atau sanksi yang mengatur apabila perusahaan maskapai penerbangan lalai melaporkan dan mengirimkan informasi jadwal keberangkatan dan manifes pesawat sebagai bahan analisis intelijen KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta. 4. Infrastruktur dan alat-alat deteksi NPP yang dimiliki KPU BC Tipe C Soekarno-Hatta masih perlu ditingkatkan jumlah dan optimalisasi penggunaan oleh petugas Bea dan Cukai untuk menunjang pengawasan terhadap barang-barang yang diduga barang NPP. 5. Aplikasi seperti SHITAC dan aplikasi penunjang lainnya masih membutuhkan pembaruan terkini yang bisa membantu pengawasan petugas Bea Cukai terkait NPP. Kata Kunci: Narkotika, psikotropika, prekursor, NPP, pengawasan, Bea dan Cukai, DJBC, intelijen, penindakan.
El Proceso Contencioso Administrativo en el Código Orgánico General de Procesos
Authors: Benalcázar Guerón Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2018

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es observar las innovaciones que plantea el COGEP en el proceso contencioso administrativo y detectar las deficiencias que se mantienen de la legislación anterior.
Para tales efectos, la metodología que se utilizará, fundamentalmente, consiste en comparar la actual regulación con la que constaba en la anterior Ley de la Jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa y destacar las novedades y los aspectos valiosos o negativos del COGEP.
Este artículo se desarrolla en varias partes que abordan las distintas problemáticas que plantea la regulación del COGEP, a saber, la posibilidad de la regulación del proceso contencioso administrativo en un código general y la conveniencia de la oralidad. A continuación, se realizará un análisis crítico de la regulación del proceso que presenta la nueva normativa.
Como demostraremos luego de la exposición que se realizará, consideramos que la oralidad es posible en el proceso contencioso administrativo, pero el COGEP muestra una grave deficiencia porque no supera los viejos dogmas y trabas que contenía la derogada Ley de la Jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa.
Gegenüberstellung der induktiv angeregten Shearografie und Thermographie als zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren zur Detektion klebrelevanter Fehler an hochfesten Strukturklebungen und elastischen Dickschichtklebungen
Authors: Kryukov Igor , Kahlmeyer Martin , Böhm Stefan 
Published: April 2018

Kurzfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird das Einsatzpotential der induktiv angeregten Shearografie mit dem der aktiven Thermografie zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung von Klebverbindungen verglichen. Untersucht wird die Detektierbarkeit unterschiedlicher Fehlerbilder an Dickschicht- und Strukturverklebungen von Aluminium- und Tiefziehstahlsubstraten. Beide Verfahren zeigen für einen Einsatz bei strukturellen Klebungen gute Ergebnisse. Die Shearografie ermöglicht die Detektion von Fehlern, die zu lokalen Steifigkeitssprüngen in der Klebverbindung führen. Diese Steifigkeitssprünge können durch eine inhomogene Durchmischung oder durch Kissing Bonds verursacht werden. Der Nachweis dieser Fehler ist bei der angewendeten Messanordnung mittels Thermografie nur schwer bis gar nicht möglich. Mittels Thermografie ist hingegen eine eindeutige Detektion von ungleichmäßigen Klebschichtdicken möglich, die mittels Shearografie bisher nicht detektiert werden konnte. Bei den elastischen Klebungen zeigt die Thermografie bei vielen Fehlertypen deutlichere Messergebnisse als die Shearografie. Fehlertypen, die sich fast ausschließlich auf die Aushärtung des Klebstoffes auswirken, sind nur durch Shearografie nachweisbar. Da beide Verfahren unterschiedliche physikalische Grundlagen ausnutzen und sich dadurch für die Detektion unterschiedlicher Fehlertypen eignen, ist eine Kombination beider Verfahren sinnvoll. Die beiden Methoden ermöglichen so den Nachweis eines Großteils der für Klebverbindungen relevanten Fehlertypen.
Design of vehicle parts under impact loading using a multi-objective design approach
Authors: Öztürk İsmail , Kaya Necmettin , Öztürk Ferruh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this study, a multi-objective design approach with accelerated methodology was developed for a B-pillar (side door pillar) in which the intrusion velocity was decreased and the crash energy absorbed. The B-pillar material characteristics were determined using a drop tower test to accelerate the design process instead of a vehicle crash test. A finite element simulation of the drop tower test was conducted, and the results obtained from the simulation were confirmed with the test results. The side impact finite element model was simulated according to the Euro NCAP test protocol, and the B-pillar was divided into two sections using the results obtained from the analysis. Tailor rolled blank and Tailor welded blank B-pillar crash simulations were performed, and the results were compared to examine the intrusion velocity. Alternative design solutions for single and multi-material B-pillars were conducted to design an optimum B-pillar structure. The design functions were created using the radial basis function method, and the failure criteria were determined for the analyses. Optimization problems for weight minimization and maximum energy absorption were established and solved using meta-heuristic methods. The approach suggested in this study can be used in accelerated B-pillar designs.
Optimization of surface roughness via the Taguchi method and investigation of energy consumption when milling spheroidal graphite cast iron materials
Authors: Nas Engin , Öztürk Burak 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Due to its excellent casting ability, spheroidal graphite cast iron is widely used in the production of complex automotive and machine products. In this study, the milling of spheroidal cast iron was carried out at different parameters. First, using the Taguchi statistical method, the parameters affecting surface roughness values were determined to b e cutting tool (65.54 %), then feed rate (19.65 %), and finally, with a minimum effect, cutting speed (7.31 %). Second, the amount of power consumed during chip removal was observed as being larger than the amount consumed when the machine was operating without a cutting load. Increases in the power index (PI) were measured by an amperemeter and it was determined that, as cutting speed was augmented, the amount of total power (Ptotal) consumed decreased, while, as feed rate was augmented, total power consumption increased. Total cutting energy (Pcutting) was increased by stepping up cutting speed. The PI was increased as a result of stepping up cutting speed and feed rate. On the basis of the cutting parameters, the Pcutting, Ptotal, spindle torque (%) and specific energy consumption (SEC) value changes were calculated.
Effects of nano graphene particles on surface roughness and cutting temperature during MQL milling of AISI 430 stainless steel
Authors: Uysal Alper 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Stainless steel is hard-to-cut due to its material specifications and many problems are encountered machining it. Nevertheless, stainless steel is frequently preferred in industry and its use increases. In this experimental study, the machining of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel under dry, MQL (minimum quantity lubrication) and nanofluid MQL milling conditions was investigated. Nanofluids were prepared by adding 1 wt.-% and 2 wt.-% nano graphene to commercial vegetable cutting fluid. In these experiments, uncoated WC (tungsten carbide) and TiN (titanium nitride) coated WC cutting tools were used and MQL flow rates were selected as 20 ml × h−1 and 40 ml × h−1. Surface roughness and cutting temperatures were measured and the effects of using nanofluid, MQL flow rate, and TiN coated cutting tools were specified. According to the experimental results, the MQL method was shown to be beneficial for reducing cutting temperature and surface roughness values and the nanofluid MQL yielded minimum values. Moreover, TiN coating and an increased MQL flow rate decreased cutting temperature and surface roughness.
Quel avenir pour le sapin blanc en Suisse sous les effets des changements climatiques?
Authors: Vitasse Yann , Rebetez Martine , Augustin Sabine , Brang Peter 
Published: April 2018

What future for silver fir in Switzerland under ongoing climate change?
Foresters in many countries are currently seeking for the most suitable forest species or provenances for facing the future climate, which will be much warmer than today with more extreme summer droughts. While it is clear that some tree species will increasingly suffer from climate warming, the fate of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) remains very uncertain because contradictory results have been published about the suitability of this species to cope with climate warming. On the one hand, species distribution models predict a strong decline of its climatic niche in the future. On the other hand, paleoecological studies reveal that this species was widely distributed under much warmer and probably drier climate, suggesting a high potential to face future climate warming. This literature survey shows that this species could actually grow under warmer conditions provided that precipitation remains sufficient, which seems to be the case for most regions of Switzerland according to climatic model predictions for the end of the century. In addition, dendroecological studies have shown a higher resistance and resilience of silver fir to drought compared to Norway spruce, suggesting that silver fir could be promoted by foresters. Nowadays, the greatest threat to silver fir is undoubtedly the browsing pressure by ungulates which can jeopardize its regeneration and must therefore be properly regulated to increase the proportion of silver fir in Swiss mixed forests.
Offshore Export Gas Pipeline in Pre Salt Santos Basin - Historic, Optimizations and Lessons Learned
Authors: de Azevedo Fabio Braga , Haverroth Guilherme Eller , de Castro Genaio Monica 
Published: April 2018

On November, 2010 Petrobras defined the necessity of one additional gas export pipeline in Santos Basin Pre-Salt area to improve the capacity of the export gas network and assure the objectives defined in the Strategic Plan. Nowadays there are two gas export pipelines in operation to export the gas from pre-salt area: Rota 1 connecting Lula Sul field to onshore facilities in Caraguatatuba/SP and Rota 2 connecting Lula Área de Iracema Sul to onshore facilities in Cabiunas/RJ.
The new 20-in and 24-in gas export pipeline named Rota 3 is approximately 307km long and connects Lula Norte field in Santos Basin to Jaconé Beach/Maricá It has 15 spare hubs and 3 PLEMs for future connections to Sépia, Berbigão, Atapu, Sururu, Buzios and Libra fields. Also, Rota 3 is interconnected to export gas pipeline Rota 2 in a loop to permit gas exportation through Maricá and Cabiúnas.
This paper addresses the pipeline design optimizations based on standard DNV-0S-F101 and on several consulting to national and international pipe suppliers. Full scale qualifications tests were performed in accordance with DNV-0S-F101 to permit the use of the alfafab factor identical to one for the supplied 20-in UOE pipes. All qualification process was witnessed by DNV.
Additional simplifications were introduced aiming to costs reduction and in order to improve attractiveness of EPCI (Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Installation) contract. Installation contractors were invited to suggest simplifications to the project.
Lessons learned during the design, BID process and installation phase of the project are also envisaged.
Impact of gender on small and medium-sized entities’ access to venture capital in South Africa
Authors: Shava Herring 
Published: April 2018

Background: The debate on the influence of gender on small and medium-sized entities’ (SMEs) access to finance from a demand-side perspective is still ongoing. This study seeks to contribute to the debate from an emerging economy (South Africa) perspective. Aim: The study investigated whether there is a gender gap in SME access to venture capital, a distinct source of finance. Setting: SMEs play a significant role in South Africa’s economy. Despite the importance of SMEs, access to finance is one of the major constraints affecting their success rate. Globally, to enhance the probability of SME survival, small business practitioners and governments are in search of relevant support measures. One of those measures could be adequate access to venture capital. However, it is sad to note that SMEs seldom use this distinct source of finance. Methods: The study made use of the quantitative method of research and is descriptive by design. Self-administered questionnaires were emailed to respondents for the purposes of gathering primary data. The t-test was used to statistically analyse primary data. Results: The results reveal that there is a statistically significant difference in the accessibility of venture capital between male- and female-owned SMEs. Conclusion: The article concludes that a gender gap in access to venture capital exists owing to differences in business approach between female entrepreneurs and their male counterparts. Female entrepreneurs are cautious about the level of risk they are willing to take and the amount of control they wish to exercise in firm ownership.