bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What information do patients want across their cancer journeys? A network analysis of cancer patients’ information needs
Authors: Tran Yvonne , Lamprell Klay , Nic Giolla Easpaig Brona , Arnolda Gaston , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients want information across their cancer journeys. We investigated what sort of information they want and at what stage in the cancer journey by examining English patients’ satisfaction derived from ratings of their care.MethodsUsing patient experience data from 209 Clinical Commission Groups (CCGs) involving 72 788 respondents in 2016, overall patient satisfaction ratings and information needs questions were extracted. Novel network analysis techniques were used to construct an undirected weighted concentration network to assess the relationship between information needs and patient satisfaction.ResultsFrom the network analysis, we found that patients value information early in the pathway; there were higher associations between patient satisfaction and when information needs are met in earlier phases of the cancer journey. Across the stages of the cancer journey, strong associations between information needs and patient satisfaction emerged during diagnostic testing and also at those points when patients received information provided by the clinical nurse specialists. A mixture of strong and weak associations between patient satisfaction and information needs was found during later phases of the cancer journey, specifically when patients move from treatment to home care. Our study identified that meeting needs for information related to supportive care may be a weaker factor in patient satisfaction than meeting needs for information related to the patient's disease, its treatment and the side effects of treatment.ConclusionIf patients have their information needs met, especially during stages within the cancer journey when information needs are highest, they are more likely to be satisfied with their care. Our study has implications for information giving and improving patient satisfaction in cancer care.
Reducing radiation dose: Equipment, procedure, and operator Perfecting the Trifecta
Authors: Chambers Charles E. , Awuor Stephen 
Published: December 2018

Key Points

This article illustrates the positive impact of fluoroscopic imaging equipment on radiation dose reduction in CTO PCI.
The reader should recognize the importance of purchasing and maintaining the best equipment, understanding procedure/patient complexity, and assuring operator training in radiation dose reduction.
Future efforts/studies should focus upon all three areas of dose reduction for best results.
A Nanostructured Si/SiOC Composite Anode with Volume‐Change‐Buffering Microstructure for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Ze , Lv Weiqiang , Cheng Xinqun , Gao Jinlong , Qian Zhengyi , Tian Dong , Li Ji , He Weidong , Yang Chunhui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSi/SiOC composites are promising high‐capacity anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries since the SiOC matrix can effectively buffer the volumetric change of Si during cycling. However, a structure of Si nanoparticles (NPs) enwrapped by a continuous SiOC phase typically shows poor cyclic stability and low charge/discharge rate due to structure failure of bulk SiOC shells derived from carbon‐rich organosilicon. To address this issue, in this work, an Si/SiOC nanocomposite with volume‐change‐buffering microstructure, in which Si NPs are uniformly dispersed in a matrix of SiOC nanospheres, has been synthesized. Our results show that the space between Si and SiOC NPs can accommodate the large volume change of Si during cycling and facilitate infiltration of the electrolyte. The nanostructured SiOC skeleton serves as both a mechanically robust buffer to alleviate the intrinsic expansion of Si and an effective electron conductor. The Si/SiOC NP composite displays significantly increased capacity and cyclic stability compared with pure SiOC, and delivers reversible capacities of around 800 mA h−1 g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 (approximately 100 % capacity retention after 100 cycles) and around 600 mA h−1 g−1 at 500 mA g−1 (capacity retention about 80 % after 500 cycles).
Capping N‐Donor Ligands Modulate the Magnetic Dynamics of DyIII β‐Diketonate Single‐Ion Magnets with D4d Symmetry
Authors: Cen Peipei , Liu Xiangyu , Ferrando‐Soria Jesús , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping , Pardo Emilio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA family of four mononuclear DyIII β‐diketonate complexes with formulas [Dy(tmhd)3(Br2‐bpy) (1), [Dy(tmhd)3(Br‐bpy)] (2), [Dy(tmhd)3(dppz)] (3), and [Dy(tmhd)3(mcdpq)] (4) (tmhd=2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐heptanedione, Br2‐bpy=5,5′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bipyridine, Br‐bpy=5‐bromo‐2,2′‐bipyridine, dppz=dipyrido [3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine, mcdpq=2‐methoxyl‐3‐cyanodipyrido[3,2‐f:2,3′‐h]quinoxaline) were prepared by modifying the capping N‐donor coligands. DyIII centers in these complexes feature an N2O6 octacoordinate environment with distorted square‐antiprismatic D4d symmetry. Magnetic investigations evidenced single‐ion magnet behavior in all complexes with energy barriers Ueff of 42.10 (1), 61.47, (2), 77.53 (3), and 2.51 K (4) in the absence of static field, as well as 206.03 (1), 224.13 (2), 247.76 (3), and 49.70 K (4) under applied dc field (Hdc=1500 Oe for 1 and 2; Hdc=1200 Oe for 3 and 4). The different natures of the N‐donor ligands induce changes in both the coordination geometry and their intermolecular interactions, which severely impact their magnetic dynamics. The disparities in their magnetic behaviors and the uniaxial anisotropies are also explained and substantiated by theoretical calculations.
Rapid Prototyping for Photochemical Reaction Engineering
Authors: Guba Fabian , Tastan Ümit , Gugeler Katrin , Buntrock Melanie , Rommel Tobias , Ziegenbalg Dirk 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis contribution gives an overview of the general aspects of photochemical reaction engineering, discusses these aspects in the context of rapid prototyping and evaluates the constraints of current additive manufacturing technologies. Subsequently, possible approaches to utilize the benefits of rapid prototyping for process intensification of photochemical reactions are described. Furthermore, the advantageous application of rapid prototyping is demonstrated with the help of four examples.
A novel systematic algorithm paradigm for the electric vehicle data anomaly detection based on association data mining
Authors: Wang Yan , Wu Mengnan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe electric automobile electric regenerative braking control strategy request achieves two goals, namely, enhances the entire vehicle the energy returns‐ratio as well as optimizes the pilot to the feel. When the former request brake the electric regenerative braking first, it can satisfy the brake request under the premise first to then use the electric regenerative braking recycling brake energy, and before, the latter request rational distribution the trailing wheel braking force uses in tracking pilot's deceleration intention. Under this basis, this paper proposes the novel systematic algorithm paradigm for the electric car data anomaly detection based on association data mining. With the continuous improvement of the intelligent vehicle and the continuous improvement of the function of the system, the system can be used as a hybrid vehicle detection and vehicle maintenance standard equipment and has broad application prospects. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified through the experiment.
Methylene Group Transfer in Carbonyl Compounds Discovered in silico and Detected Experimentally
Authors: Gridnev Ilya D. , Zherebker Alexander , Kostyukevich Yury , Nikolaev Eugene 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA previously unknown transformation of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acid derivatives leads to the formation of substituted oxiranes, aziridines, and azirines as shown by DFT and MP2 computations. Formations of 2,2‐dimethyloxirane‐d8 from acetone‐d6, phenylazirine‐d2 from benzonitrile and 2‐methyl‐2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐oxirane from 4‐hydroxyacetophenone were detected experimentally by electrospray ionization mass‐spectrometry with a heated desolvating capillary. This reaction is a truly concerted process characterized by high activation barriers (activation enthalpies 320–480 kJ mol−1).
Acceptable “Real‐Life” Variability for Lymphocyte Counts by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Ticchioni Michel , Brouzes Chantal , Durrieu Françoise , Lambert Claude ,   on behalf of the Association Française de Cytométrie accreditation working group (AFC‐AG)
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAs part of quality assurance in laboratories (labs) offering clinical cell analysis by flow cytometry (FCM), cell counting precision and robustness are evaluated but international desirable ranges are still missing. The aim of this study was to provide desirable interlaboratory variability reference values.MethodsA prospective survey on monthly quality assessment was proposed to all French laboratories routinely performing lymphocyte subpopulation quantification, over one arbitrarily selected month (June 2017), regardless of instrument, counting system and quality controls used. Relative variabilities of the commercially available internal quality control (IQC) used locally were collected. Robust mean, standard deviation and CV were calculated on relative and absolute counts.ResultsSixty‐two labs participated, providing 91 sets of data on 82 instruments. All but three were enrolled in external quality assessment (EQA) and 46 in externalized IQA. The mean CV of five repeats ranged from 1.00 ± 0.33 for T cells to 4.78 ± 1.92 for NK cells and from 2.88 ± 1.46 to 5.87 ± 1.83 for relative and absolute counts, respectively. The precision correlated directly to the concentration of cells rather than the phenotype. Negligible differences were observed between IQC material: Multicheck™ (3.36 ± 1.30, n = 11); Immunotrol™ (3.62 ± 3.24, n = 21) and Statusflow™ (3.63 ± 1.87, n = 24) on CD4+ T cell, for example. Little difference was observed between counting systems such as Flowcount™ (4.55 ± 3.45, n = 19), Trucount™ (3.17 ± 1.40, n = 30) and the fully automated Aquios™ system (1.87 ± 0.75, n = 5) on single platforms, while dual platform CV was at 2.00 ± 0.58 (n = 2) on CD4+ T cell, as example. Robustness was measured on 21 ± 11 consecutive analyses of the same IQC material, providing CVs ranging from 4.45 ± 1.74 for T cells to 7.57 ± 2.19 for NK absolute counts. Average residuals calculated from the different low count IQC samples for CD4 T cells (median value below 200 cells/μl) were below 10 cells/μl, demonstrating their robustness for medical decisions.ConclusionsReal life variabilities in cell counting are directly related to the cell concentration and not to their phenotype. Desirable ranges within three SD are proposed according to different cell levels, based on 62 labs, different IQC material and systems. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Spatiotemporally explicit model averaging for forecasting of Alaskan groundfish catch
Authors: Correia Hannah E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFisheries management is dominated by the need to forecast catch and abundance of commercially and ecologically important species. The influence of spatial information and environmental factors on forecasting error is not often considered. I propose a forecasting method called spatiotemporally explicit model averaging (STEMA) to combine spatial and temporal information through model averaging. I examine the performance of STEMA against two popular forecasting models and a modern spatial prediction model: the autoregressive integrated moving averages with explanatory variables (ARIMAX) model, the Bayesian hierarchical model, and the varying coefficient model. I focus on applying the methods to four species of Alaskan groundfish for which catch data are available. My method reduces forecasting errors significantly for most of the tested models when compared to ARIMAX, Bayesian, and varying coefficient methods. I also consider the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on the forecasting of catch, as multiple studies reveal a potential influence of water temperature on the survival and growth of juvenile groundfish. For most of the preferred models, inclusion of SST in the model improved forecasting of catch. It is advisable to consider both spatial information and relevant environmental factors in forecasting models to obtain more accurate projections of population abundance. The STEMA method is capable of accounting for spatial information in forecasting and can be applied to various types of data because of its flexible varying coefficient model structure. It is therefore a suitable forecasting method for application to many fields including ecology, epidemiology, and climatology.
Applying generalized allometric regressions to predict live body mass of tropical and temperate arthropods
Authors: Sohlström Esra H. , Marian Lucas , Barnes Andrew D. , Haneda Noor F. , Scheu Stefan , Rall Björn C. , Brose Ulrich , Jochum Malte 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ecological implications of body size extend from the biology of individual organisms to ecosystem‐level processes. Measuring body mass for high numbers of invertebrates can be logistically challenging, making length–mass regressions useful for predicting body mass with minimal effort. However, standardized sets of scaling relationships covering a large range in body length, taxonomic groups, and multiple geographical regions are scarce. We collected 6,212 arthropods from 19 higher‐level taxa in both temperate and tropical locations to compile a comprehensive set of linear models relating live body mass to a range of predictor variables. We measured live weight (hereafter, body mass), body length and width of each individual and conducted linear regressions to predict body mass using body length, body width, taxonomic group, and geographic region. Additionally, we quantified prediction discrepancy when using parameters from arthropods of a different geographic region. Incorporating body width into taxon‐ and region‐specific length–mass regressions yielded the highest prediction accuracy for body mass. Using regression parameters from a different geographic region increased prediction discrepancy, causing over‐ or underestimation of body mass depending on geographical origin and whether body width was included. We present a comprehensive range of parameters for predicting arthropod body mass and provide guidance for selecting optimal scaling relationships. Given the importance of body mass for functional invertebrate ecology and the paucity of adequate regressions to predict arthropod body mass from different geographical regions, our study provides a long‐needed resource for quantifying live body mass in invertebrate ecology research.
Sensing at Your Fingertips: Glove‐based Wearable Chemical Sensors
Authors: Hubble Lee J. , Wang Joseph 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this review, we detail the evolution and recent progress of glove‐based wearable electrochemical sensors with focus on forensic, security, and defense applications. Glove‐based wearable sensors offer the ability to have rapid, on‐site chemical and biological threat assessment, ranging from explosive and gunshot residues to drugs of abuse and pesticides, critical for timely and informed incident management and investigation. Additionally, these field deployable systems offer the ability for law enforcement to complete on‐the‐spot qualitative chemical testing for immediate forensic evidence collection in connection to mechanical ‘swipe’ sampling. Recent advances have been made for translation of this class of wearable electrochemical sensors to increase the sensory perspective of robotics, demonstrating the progression to robotic skin with chemical analysis capability suitable for translation to remote chemical analysis in hazardous scenarios. Critical to such progress have been advances in flexible electrochemically‐compatible materials and design, with increasing functionality, leveraging from advances in wearable biosensors and electronic miniaturization. Indeed, the customization potential of these wearable systems is great, yet challenges remain for advancing these systems from prototypes to more ubiquitous devices readily deployed in the field. With significant attention these challenges can be overcome, creating new opportunities for further decentralization of electrochemical analyses using these flexible and intuitive glove‐based wearable sensing systems for significant impact on fields such as forensics, defense, biomedical, robotics and beyond.
Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of feather protein hydrolysate in high‐fat diet‐fed mice
Authors: Ben Hamad Bouhamed Sana , Chaari Marwa , Bellassoued Khaled , Naifar Manel , Makni‐Ayadi Fatma , Boudaouara Tahia , El Feki Abdelfattah , Kechaou Nabil 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe hyperlipidemia is a serious health problem that increases the risk of many complications including cardiovascular disease. This study aims to evaluate the possible antihyperlipidemic effects of the feather protein hydrolysate (FPH) in a mice fed with a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice during 5 weeks. The FPH administration improved dose‐dependent lipid profile, as well as the liver and renal dysfunction indices in hyperlipidemic mice. The FPH also restored the antioxidant status in liver, kidney, and heart by lowering the lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase [SOD]). Moreover, the histological studies proved that FPH administration prevents hepatic steatosis, glomerular hyperfiltration risk, and cardiac muscle hypertrophy. Accordingly, the FPH is a promising novel medicinal ingredient for possible use in the hyperlipidemic treatment and related complications.
Subglacial sediment production and snout marginal ice uplift during the late ablation season of a temperate valley glacier
Authors: Perolo P. , Bakker M. , Gabbud C. , Moradi G. , Rennie C. , Lane S.N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSediment export from glaciated basins involves complex interactions between ice flow, basal erosion and sediment transfer in subglacial and proglacial streams. In particular, we know very little about the processes associated with sediment transfer by subglacial streams. The Haut Glacier d'Arolla (VS, Switzerland) was investigated during the summer melt season of 2015. LiDAR survey revealed positive surface changes in the ablation zone, indicating glacier uplift, at the end of the morning during the period of peak ablation. Instream measures of sediment transport showed that suspended load and bedload responded differently to diurnal flow variability. Suspended load depended on the availability of fine material whereas bedload depended mainly on the competence of the flow. Interpretation of these results allowed development of a conceptual model of subglacial sediment transport dynamics. It is based upon the mechanisms of clogging (deposition) and flushing (transport/erosion) in sub‐glacial channels as forced by diurnal flow variability. Through the melt season, the glacier hydrological response evolves from being buffered by glacier snow cover with a poorly developed subglacial drainage system to being dominated by more rapid ice melt with a more hydraulically efficient subglacial channel system. The resultant changes in the shape of diurnal discharge hydrographs, and notably higher peak flows and lower base flows, causes sediment transport to become discontinuous, with overnight clogging and late morning flushing of subglacial channels. Overnight clogging may be sufficient to reduce subglacial channel size, creating temporarily pressurized flow and lateral transfer of water away from the subglacial channels, leading to the late morning glacier surface uplift. However, without further data, we cannot exclude other hypotheses for the uplift. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sclerosis of the arytenoid cartilage and glottic carcinoma: A clinical‐pathological study
Authors: Lucioni Marco , Lionello Marco , Machin Piernicola , Sovran Federica , Canal Fabio , Bertolin Andy , Rizzotto Giuseppe 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundGiven the relevance of any tumor invasion of the arytenoid cartilage or crico‐arytenoid unit to the planning open partial horizontal laryngectomy (OPHL) for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), it is important to have a reliable radiological test to assess impairments of these structures.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the endoscopic, radiological, and pathological findings in patients with glottic LSCC who underwent OPHL.ResultsThe endoscopic finding of a reduced (impaired or absent) vocal cord motility proved more sensitive, with better positive and negative predictive values, but less specific than the radiological finding of complete arytenoid sclerosis in detecting histologically assessable infiltration of the arytenoid cartilage.ConclusionsEndoscopy retains a key role in the preoperative workup for glottic LSCC. CT evidence of complete sclerosis of the arytenoid cartilage is related to a dangerous contiguity of the tumor to the cartilage.
Medical aromatherapy revisited—Basic mechanisms, critique, and a new development
Authors: Schneider Rainer , Singer Nick , Singer Tim 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveAccording to a series of recent meta‐analyses and systematic reviews, aromatherapy has shown to be effective in treating patients with different medical conditions. However, many of the clinical studies are of rather low methodological quality. Moreover, there is much conceptual ambiguity with regard to what aromatherapy actually constitutes.MethodIn this paper, we discuss the conditions under which aromatherapy is most likely to be of medical value by outlining the workings of the olfactory system and the necessary requirements of odors to be therapeutic. We then introduce an aromatherapeutic inhaler that was tested in a series of studies involving 465 participants.ResultsThis inhaler (AromaStick®) produced large to very large effects across a variety of physiological target systems (e.g., cardiovascular, endocrine, blood oxygenation, and pain), both short term and long term.DiscussionInhalation of volatile compounds from essential oils yields almost immediate, large, and clinically relevant effects as long as the scents are delivered highly concentrated from an appropriate device. The changes caused in the body seem side effect‐free and can be sustained when inhalation is repeated.