bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud seeding Los Angeles: Elements of an Unsettled City
Authors: Peterson Marina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn February of 1978, heavy rain brought major flooding to the Los Angeles region. Attention quickly turned to the Los Angeles County Flood Control District, which had activated its cloud seeding program just prior to the storm. This event provides a focal point for examining ways in which the physicality of clouds informs an elemental approach to urbanism that is at once epistemological and material. Suspended vapor or ice crystals that might precipitate or disperse, clouds offer an understanding of ways of being and knowing in motion. The materiality of water, wind, mud, and concrete in Los Angeles comes to matter in ways inflected by that of clouds. Like clouds, these are moving, phase‐shifting forms of matter that destabilize and elude modes of classification. As a material form for thinking through phase shifting processes more generally, clouds attune us toward an unsettled city.
Stroke‐Induced Renal Dysfunction: Underlying Mechanisms and Challenges of the Brain–Kidney Axis
Authors: Chen Xi , Yang Dong‐Xiao , Zhao Heng , Zhang Hong‐Fei , Hong Pu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTStroke, a major neurological disorder and a leading cause of disability and death, often inflicts damage upon other organs, particularly the kidneys. While chronic kidney disease (CKD) has long been established as a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, stroke can induce renal dysfunction, manifesting as acute kidney injury (AKI) or CKD. Mounting clinical and basic research evidence supports the existence of a bidirectional brain‐kidney crosstalk following stroke, implicating specific mechanisms and pathways in stroke‐related renal dysfunction. This review analyzes pertinent experimental studies, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this cerebro‐renal interaction following stroke. Additionally, we summarize the current landscape of clinical research investigating brain‐kidney interplay and discuss potential challenges in the future. By enhancing our understanding of the scientific underpinnings of brain‐kidney crosstalk, this review paves the way for improved treatment strategies and outcomes for stroke patients. Recognizing the intricate interplay between the brain and kidneys after stroke holds profound clinical implications.
Automated Hematoma Detection and Outcome Prediction in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Xu Yang , Fu Qiuyu , Qu Mengqi , Chen Junyao , Fan Jianqi , Hou Shike , Lu Lu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo develop a tool for automated subtype classification and segmentation of intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) on CT scans of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, outcome prediction for patients can effectively facilitate patient management.MethodsThis study presents a cascade framework for two‐stage segmentation and multi‐label classification. The hematoma region of interest (ROI) is localized, and then the ROI is cropped and resized to the original pixel size before being input into the model again to obtain the segmentation results. In multilabel classification, the mask obtained from automatic segmentation is superimposed onto the corresponding ROI and CT slices, respectively, to constitute the input image. Subsequently, the ROI image is employed as the local network input to obtain local features. Third, the CT image is utilized to construct a feature extraction network to obtain global features. Ultimately, the local and global features are fused dimensions in the pooling layer, and calculated to generate the final retrieval results. For the prediction of 14‐day in‐hospital mortality, automatically extracted hematoma subtype and volume features were integrated to enhance the widely used CRASH model.ResultsThe proposed segmentation method achieves the best estimates on the Dice similarity coefficient and Jaccard Similarity Index. The proposed multilabel classification method achieved an average accuracy of 95.91%. For mortality prediction, the best model achieved an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.91 by 5‐fold cross‐validation.ConclusionsThe proposed method enhances the precision of hematoma segmentation and subtype classification. In clinical settings, the method can streamline the evaluation of ICH for radiologists, and the automatically extracted features are anticipated to facilitate prognosis assessment.
Tailored resection for persistent extramural vascular invasion in locally advanced rectal cancers
Authors: Ballal Devesh S. , Sharma Ankit , Bansod Yogesh , Ankathi Suman K. , Kazi Mufaddal , Desouza Ashwin , Saklani Avanish P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtramural vascular invasion (EMVI) is a bad prognostic feature in rectal cancer and cancers that remain EMVI positive after neoadjuvant therapy are at high risk for having involved circumferential resection margins. Conventional total mesorectal excision (TME) resections are inadequate in such cases and often lead to positive margins.MethodsWe propose a technique for the surgical management of locally advanced tumours with persistent EMVI after neoadjuvant therapy. Ten such tumours were resected using a “beyond TME” (b‐TME) approach with or without lateral pelvic lymph node dissection or seminal vesical excision.ResultsA b‐TME approach, customized to the anatomy of the tumour allowed for an R0 resection with a negative circumferential resection margin (CRM) in all 10 cases.ConclusionA tailored b‐TME approach can achieve good results in cases at high risk for CRM involvement.
On Certainty, Proper Confidence, and Doubt: A Postfoundationalist and Critical Realist Epistemology for Doing Constructive Theology
Authors: Kärkkäinen Veli‐Matti 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe present essay1 seeks to focus on the meaning and challenges of doubt and lack of certainty in the context of doing academic theological work, whether in a Seminary setting such as my own, Fuller Theological Seminary, or in a “secular” university setting such as the University of Helsinki, my other institution. Throughout, I am raising questions such as whether any kind of certainty or confidence is available in the work of theology, particularly constructive theology, my own particular area of interest. Speaking of constructive theology, reflecting on the issues of doubt, certainty, and confidence is particularly important for the simple reason that it typically engages some non‐theological disciplines such as natural sciences with their own criteria for truth. And in my case, dialogue with some other faith traditions, including Islam, further makes the issue of doubt pertinent. To make my inquiry manageable—and hopefully also dynamic—I am carrying critical conversation with two thinkers of the 20th century, namely the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein and the missionary bishop and cultural critic of the West, Lesslie Newbigin. Whereas the mature Wittgenstein was in search of certainty towards the end of his life, Newbigin sought for proper confidence. Both of them rejected the Cartesian indubitable certainty of modernity, on the one hand, and the dismissal of the possibility of truth in many streams of late modernity on the other. While critically affirming some key arguments of these two diverse thinkers, I also see the importance of buttressing their emerging epistemological programs with the help of insights from postfoundationalist and critical–realist epistemologies. It is clear without saying that this big task can only be outlined and sketched rather than scrutinized in any detail within a 1‐h talk! My presentation is more an invitation to conversation and less any kind of finished project. I will first engage the two protagonists. Thereafter, before the summative and concluding reflections in terms of implications to theology and faith, a brief look at the meaning and nature of postfoundationalism and critical realism is attempted.
Sentiment analysis of economic text: A lexicon‐based approach
Authors: Barbaglia Luca , Consoli Sergio , Manzan Sebastiano , Tiozzo Pezzoli Luca , Tosetti Elisa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe propose an economic lexicon (EL) specifically designed for textual applications in economics. We construct the dictionary with two important characteristics: (1) to have a wide coverage of terms used in documents discussing economic concepts, and (2) to provide a human‐annotated sentiment score in the range [−1, 1]. We illustrate the use of the EL in the context of a simple sentiment measure and consider several applications in economics. The comparison to other lexicons shows that the EL is superior due to its wider coverage of domain relevant terms and its more accurate categorization of the word sentiment.
Family and consumer sciences graduate research productivity in 2023
Authors: Alexander Karen L. , Hinson Jacinta D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFamily and consumer sciences research from graduate theses and dissertations and the resulting degrees have been reported annually in the Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal since 1992. Requests for the 2023 data began in September 2024 when 528 email invitations were sent to contacts at 163 US universities and colleges with family and consumer sciences programs. Forty‐six institutions responded with data and reported that 1550 graduate degrees were conferred collectively, with 1027 non‐thesis master's degrees, 241 master's theses, and 282 dissertations completed. This review reports graduate degree completion and highlights topical trends of the theses and dissertations completed by reporting programs.
Exploring the Effect of Plain Terminology on Processing and Comprehension of Administrative Texts in Spanish: A Self‐Paced Reading Experiment
Authors: Fernández‐Silva Sabela , Núñez Cortés Juan Antonio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTClear communication between government administrations and citizens is a challenge in democratic societies. Public administration texts often contain technical legal terms, essential to convey specialized knowledge with precision but often impenetrable to non‐experts. The plain language movement provides guidelines for simplifying legal‐administrative texts, recommending avoiding, explaining, or replacing technical terms with more transparent synonyms. This study assesses the effect of plain terminology on the processing and comprehension of administrative texts in Spanish. We conducted a self‐paced reading experiment in which participants (N = 117) read texts with legal‐administrative terms and their plain synonyms and answered comprehension questions. Results showed that plain terms significantly improved comprehension but did not reduce reading times. Mixed linear regression analysis revealed that other term properties—length, frequency, and comprehensibility—also influenced reading speed and comprehension. These findings suggest that these factors should be considered when proposing clear alternatives to legal terminology.
Impact of Aging on Consumer Behavior: A Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Zheng Zhangwei , B. A. M Hafizuddin‐Syah , Omar Zaki Hafizah , Tan Qin Lingda 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study conducted a systematic literature review integrating the TCM and ADO frameworks to analyze 46 studies published from 2014 to 2023 on the impact of aging on consumer behavior. The research adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses principles, using data from Scopus, WoS, and ScienceDirect. Results showed an increasing trend in publications focusing primarily on elderly consumers. Analysis revealed that the Theory of Planned Behavior and technology acceptance model are the most frequently used theories, with research concentrated in the United States and China. Common methods included questionnaires, structural equation modeling, and regression analysis. The ADO framework highlighted psychological and individual‐related antecedents as the most discussed. A relationship table categorizing 135 antecedents into five major categories showed a predominantly positive influence of antecedents on decisions and outcomes. Sixty aging‐related antecedents were identified, covering all but product‐related categories. The study identified critical research gaps and proposed future directions, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners to address aging society challenges and align with UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Do Therapeutic Recreation Mental Health Clinical Placements Provide Educational Experiences to Pre‐Registration Student Nurses?: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Leplaw Abigail , Fernandez Ritin , Lewer Kelly , Patterson Christopher , Moxham Lorna 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTClinical placements are a critical component in any pre‐registration student nurse's skill development and play an influential role in career specialisation upon registration. However, students are reporting to feel anxious and under prepared attending clinical placements, especially within mental health settings. Such a concern was highlighted in the Australian Government's Productivity Commission into Mental Health (2020). With recommendations for clinical placements to occur in therapeutic recreation environments, allowing increased interactions between students and individuals with a lived experience. Hence, this mixed methods systematic review aims to explore the experiences of pre‐registration student nurses completing their mental health clinical placement within a therapeutic recreation environment. Six databases were searched for the review; CINHAL, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and the ProQuest Dissertation and Theses database, yielding 10 214 articles. Data were imported to COVIDENCE for management and screening processes. Risk of bias was undertaken by two authors utilising the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for qualitative and quasi‐experimental studies and McGill's Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool 2018 Version for mixed methods studies. Data were extracted manually for the 13 included articles which met the review inclusion criteria. Following a thematic analysis of the extracted data, three themes emerged: an optimal learning environment, impact on stigmatising beliefs and influence on future career. Findings identified that therapeutic recreation environments pose numerous education benefits for pre‐registration student nurses. It is apparent through an immersive mental health clinical placement; student nurses are able to increase their mental health understanding through the lens of those with lived experiences. Such environments challenge stigmatising beliefs held by students prior to clinical placements and can lead to an increased desire to pursue a career within the mental health speciality. This review offers an insight into the many benefits for pre‐registration student nurses who complete their mental health clinical placements in therapeutic recreation environments, including reduced stigmatising beliefs, increased mental health knowledge and improved clinical confidence.Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42023476280
Patient safety management activities and perceived workload of shift‐work nurses, moderated by the perceived importance of patient safety management
Authors: Hong Kyung Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between patient safety management and each aspect of nurses’ workload and to report the moderating effects of the perceived importance of patient safety management on these relationships.BackgroundAs the importance of patient safety is emphasized, nurses’ work demands, including patient identification, infection control, and prevention of falls and pressure ulcers, are increasing. However, differences according to hospital type and nurses’ increased workload have not been considered when measuring nurses’ workload.MethodsThis study used a cross‐sectional research design and an online survey, adhering to the STROBE reporting guidelines. The study population consisted of 215 shift‐work nurses employed in tertiary or general hospitals in Korea. Data were collected in January 2024.ResultsPatient safety management activities had a positive effect on the pace and amount of work, emotional workload, and mental workload, and a negative effect on work organization (interruption). The perceived importance of patient safety management negatively moderated the effects of perceived patient safety management activities on emotional workload and work organization.ConclusionThis study clarifies the relationship between patient safety activities and each aspect of nurses’ workload. The additional demands on nurses due to patient safety management activities should be considered when measuring their workloads and determining adequate nurse staffing levels.Implications for nursing and health policyTo manage the burden of nurses’ work demands effectively, it is essential to maintain adequate staffing levels and continuously monitor the patient safety climate. This approach will increase nurses’ perception of the importance of patient safety management. Continuous education on patient safety should also be provided.
The impact of frequency and stakes of formative assessment on student achievement in higher education: A learning analytics study
Authors: Bulut Okan , Gorgun Guher , Yildirim‐Erbasli Seyma Nur 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch shows that how formative assessments are operationalized plays a crucial role in shaping their engagement with formative assessments, thereby impacting their effectiveness in predicting academic achievement. Mandatory assessments can ensure consistent student participation, leading to better tracking of learning progress. Optional assessments may encourage voluntary engagement, potentially leading to a more genuine reflection of student understanding. Also, frequent assessments provide continuous opportunities for feedback and adjustment, which can keep students actively engaged in the learning process.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate two crucial facets of formative assessments: frequency and the level of stakes involved (mandatory vs. optional). We examine how modifying the frequency of formative assessments affects students' course performance. Additionally, we evaluate the impact of mandatory versus optional formative assessments on students' course performance in higher education.MethodsThe sample of this study consisted of undergraduate students (n = 336) enrolled in three sections of a large asynchronous course at a Canadian university. We extracted features associated with online formative assessments (e.g., the number of attempts and average scores) from the learning management system. Next, we used these features to predict students' performance in summative assessments (two midterms and a final exam).Results and ConclusionsOur findings indicated that increasing the frequency of online formative assessments did not consistently improve student performance. Also, participation frequency in online formative assessments seemed to vary depending on assessment stakes (i.e., optional vs. mandatory). We recommend that instructors examine what conditions can maximize the contribution of formative assessments to students' academic achievement before building predictive models.
Risk stratification for ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Goldenberg Ido , Younis Arwa , Huang David T. , Rosero Spencer , Kutyifa Valentina , McNitt Scott , Polonsky Bronislava , Steinberg Jonathan S. , Zareba Wojciech , Goldenberg Ilan , Aktaş Mehmet K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe implantable cardioverter defibrillator reduces mortality among patients with heart failure (HF) due to ischemic heart disease. Clinical trial data have called into question the benefit of an ICD in patients with HF due to nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). We developed a risk stratification score for ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA) among patients with NICM receiving a primary prevention ICD.MethodsThe study population comprised 1515 patients with NICM who were enrolled in the landmark MADIT trials. Fine and Gray analysis was used to develop a model to predict the occurrence of VTAs and ICD therapies while accounting for the competing risk of non‐arrhythmic mortality. External validation was carried out in the RAID Trial population.ResultsFour risk factors associated with increased risk for VTA were identified: male sex, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤25%, no indication for cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT‐D), and Black race. A score was generated based on this model, and patients were stratified into low (N = 390), intermediate (N = 728), and high‐risk (N = 387) groups. The 5‐year cumulative incidences of VTA were 15%, 24%, and 42%, respectively. Application of score groups for the secondary endpoints of Fast VT or VF and Appropriate ICD Shock revealed similar findings. Recurrent event analysis yielded consistent results. The AUC in the validation cohort for the endpoint of Appropriate ICD Shock was 69.3.ConclusionsOur study shows that patients with NICM can be risk stratified using demographic and clinical variables and may be used when evaluating such patients for a primary prevention ICD.
Efficacy and safety of tozorakimab in moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis: A Phase 2a randomized controlled trial (FRONTIER‐2)
Authors: Silverberg J. I. , Mustapa M. N. , Reid F. , Lei A. , Smith R. , Moate R. , Kelly A. , Chen R. , Gavala M. , Jimenez E. , Belvisi M. G. , Sadiq M. W. , Kell C. , Pandya H. C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and eczematous lesions. Tozorakimab is a high‐affinity human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes interleukin‐33, a broad‐acting alarmin cytokine that is over‐expressed in keratinocytes of patients with AD.ObjectivesThis Phase 2a study (FRONTIER‐2; NCT04212169) evaluated the safety and efficacy of tozorakimab in adults with moderate‐to‐severe AD.MethodsFRONTIER‐2 was a randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, double‐blind study conducted from 9 December 2019 to 20 September 2022 at 32 centres across six countries. Patients were randomized 3:1:1:3 to receive placebo, tozorakimab 60 mg, tozorakimab 300 mg or tozorakimab 600 mg by subcutaneous injection once every 4 weeks for four doses. The primary endpoint was percentage change from baseline to Week 16 in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score in patients treated with tozorakimab versus placebo. Secondary outcomes included EASI‐75 responders (patients achieving ≥75% reduction from baseline in EASI score), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) responders (patients achieving an IGA score of 0 or 1), pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and safety.ResultsOverall, 148 patients were randomized. There was no statistically significant difference in the primary endpoint (60 mg difference of 1.3 [90% confidence interval (CI): −13.7, 16.2], p = 0.888; 300 mg: difference of 5.9 [90% CI: −10.4, 22.1], p = 0.549; 600 mg: difference of − 1.7 [90% CI: −13.4, 10.0], p = 0.807). The proportion of EASI‐75 and IGA 0/1 responders at Week 16 was numerically higher in the tozorakimab 600 mg group than in the placebo group (EASI‐75: 18.2% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.094; IGA 0/1: 9.1% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.113). Serum pharmacokinetics were dose‐dependent, immunogenicity incidence was low and tozorakimab was well tolerated.ConclusionsFRONTIER‐2 did not show a statistically significant difference in the primary endpoint for tozorakimab compared with placebo. However, numerical increases in responder rates were observed.