bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wwp2 maintains cartilage homeostasis through regulation of Adamts5
Authors: Mokuda Sho , Nakamichi Ryo , Matsuzaki Tokio , Ito Yoshiaki , Sato Tempei , Miyata Kohei , Inui Masafumi , Olmer Merissa , Sugiyama Eiji , Lotz Martin , Asahara Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe WW domain-containing protein 2 (Wwp2) gene, the host gene of miR-140, codes for the Wwp2 protein, which is an HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases abundantly expressed in articular cartilage. However, its function remains unclear. Here, we show that mice lacking Wwp2 and mice in which the Wwp2 E3 enzyme is inactivated (Wwp2-C838A) exhibit aggravated spontaneous and surgically induced osteoarthritis (OA). Consistent with this phenotype, WWP2 expression level is downregulated in human OA cartilage. We also identify Runx2 as a Wwp2 substrate and Adamts5 as a target gene, as similar as miR-140. Analysis of Wwp2-C838A mice shows that loss of Wwp2 E3 ligase activity results in upregulation of Runx2-Adamts5 signaling in articular cartilage. Furthermore, in vitro transcribed Wwp2 mRNA injection into mouse joints reduces the severity of experimental OA. We propose that Wwp2 has a role in protecting cartilage from OA by suppressing Runx2-induced Adamts5 via Runx2 poly-ubiquitination and degradation.
Human evolved regulatory elements modulate genes involved in cortical expansion and neurodevelopmental disease susceptibility
Authors: Won Hyejung , Huang Jerry , Opland Carli K. , Hartl Chris L. , Geschwind Daniel H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractModern genetic studies indicate that human brain evolution is driven primarily by changes in gene regulation, which requires understanding the biological function of largely non-coding gene regulatory elements, many of which act in tissue specific manner. We leverage chromatin interaction profiles in human fetal and adult cortex to assign three classes of human-evolved elements to putative target genes. We find that human-evolved elements involving DNA sequence changes and those involving epigenetic changes are associated with human-specific gene regulation via effects on different classes of genes representing distinct biological pathways. However, both types of human-evolved elements converge on specific cell types and laminae involved in cerebral cortical expansion. Moreover, human evolved elements interact with neurodevelopmental disease risk genes, and genes with a high level of evolutionary constraint, highlighting a relationship between brain evolution and vulnerability to disorders affecting cognition and behavior. These results provide novel insights into gene regulatory mechanisms driving the evolution of human cognition and mechanisms of vulnerability to neuropsychiatric conditions.
Bivariate causal mixture model quantifies polygenic overlap between complex traits beyond genetic correlation
Authors: Frei Oleksandr , Holland Dominic , Smeland Olav B. , Shadrin Alexey A. , Fan Chun Chieh , Maeland Steffen , O’Connell Kevin S. , Wang Yunpeng , Djurovic Srdjan , Thompson Wesley K. , Andreassen Ole A. , Dale Anders M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAccumulating evidence from genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggests an abundance of shared genetic influences among complex human traits and disorders, such as mental disorders. Here we introduce a statistical tool, MiXeR, which quantifies polygenic overlap irrespective of genetic correlation, using GWAS summary statistics. MiXeR results are presented as a Venn diagram of unique and shared polygenic components across traits. At 90% of SNP-heritability explained for each phenotype, MiXeR estimates that 8.3 K variants causally influence schizophrenia and 6.4 K influence bipolar disorder. Among these variants, 6.2 K are shared between the disorders, which have a high genetic correlation. Further, MiXeR uncovers polygenic overlap between schizophrenia and educational attainment. Despite a genetic correlation close to zero, the phenotypes share 8.3 K causal variants, while 2.5 K additional variants influence only educational attainment. By considering the polygenicity, discoverability and heritability of complex phenotypes, MiXeR analysis may improve our understanding of cross-trait genetic architectures.
The ORC ubiquitin ligase OBI1 promotes DNA replication origin firing
Authors: Coulombe Philippe , Nassar Joelle , Peiffer Isabelle , Stanojcic Slavica , Sterkers Yvon , Delamarre Axel , Bocquet Stéphane , Méchali Marcel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDNA replication initiation is a two-step process. During the G1-phase of the cell cycle, the ORC complex, CDC6, CDT1, and MCM2–7 assemble at replication origins, forming pre-replicative complexes (pre-RCs). In S-phase, kinase activities allow fork establishment through (CDC45/MCM2–7/GINS) CMG-complex formation. However, only a subset of all potential origins becomes activated, through a poorly understood selection mechanism. Here we analyse the pre-RC proteomic interactome in human cells and find C13ORF7/RNF219 (hereafter called OBI1, for ORC-ubiquitin-ligase-1) associated with the ORC complex. OBI1 silencing result in defective origin firing, as shown by reduced CMG formation, without affecting pre-RC establishment. OBI1 catalyses the multi-mono-ubiquitylation of a subset of chromatin-bound ORC3 and ORC5 during S-phase. Importantly, expression of non-ubiquitylable ORC3/5 mutants impairs origin firing, demonstrating their relevance as OBI1 substrates for origin firing. Our results identify a ubiquitin signalling pathway involved in origin activation and provide a candidate protein for selecting the origins to be fired.
Inkjet-printed unclonable quantum dot fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels with artificial intelligence authentication
Authors: Liu Yang , Han Fei , Li Fushan , Zhao Yan , Chen Maosheng , Xu Zhongwei , Zheng Xin , Hu Hailong , Yao Jianmin , Guo Tailiang , Lin Wanzhen , Zheng Yuanhui , You Baogui , Liu Pai , Li Yang , Qian Lei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn ideal anti-counterfeiting technique has to be inexpensive, mass-producible, nondestructive, unclonable and convenient for authentication. Although many anti-counterfeiting technologies have been developed, very few of them fulfill all the above requirements. Here we report a non-destructive, inkjet-printable, artificial intelligence (AI)-decodable and unclonable security label. The stochastic pinning points at the three-phase contact line of the ink droplets is crucial for the successful inkjet printing of the unclonable security labels. Upon the solvent evaporation, the three-phase contact lines are pinned around the pinning points, where the quantum dots in the ink droplets deposited on, forming physically unclonable flower-like patterns. By utilizing the RGB emission quantum dots, full-color fluorescence security labels can be produced. A convenient and reliable AI-based authentication strategy is developed, allowing for the fast authentication of the covert, unclonable flower-like dot patterns with different sharpness, brightness, rotations, amplifications and the mixture of these parameters.
All-fiber continuous-wave Raman fiber oscillator operating at 2118 nm
Authors: Quan Zhao , Wang Jianhua , Shen Hui , Chen Xiaolong , Qi Yunfeng , He Bing , Zhou Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn all-fiber Raman fiber oscillator operating at 2118 nm pumped by homemade thulium-doped fiber laser with continuous output power of 4.2 W has been demonstrated in this paper. By means of 26 m ultrahigh-numerical-aperture fibers, the average slope efficiency can be up to 23.6%. Because of the Raman spectrum broadening of the first Stokes light, the intensity of high order Raman Stokes has been suppressed. The mechanism of Raman spectrum broadening has been analyzed by group-velocity dispersion and Four-Wave Mixing frequency theories in detail. Two mode field adaptors have been used to reduce the intracavity loss and thermal deposition, which indicates that the proposed architecture is robust and has significant power scaling potential.
Water properties under nano-scale confinement
Authors: Knight Andrew W. , Kalugin Nikolai G. , Coker Eric , Ilgen Anastasia G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWater is the universal solvent and plays a critical role in all known geological and biological processes. Confining water in nano-scale domains, as encountered in sedimentary rocks, in biological, and in engineered systems, leads to the deviations in water’s physicochemical properties relative to those measured for the non-confined phase. In our comprehensive analysis, we demonstrate that nano-scale confinement leads to the decrease in the melting/freezing point temperature, density, and surface tension of confined water. With increasing degree of spatial confinement the population of networked water, as evidenced by alterations in the O-H stretching modes, increases. These analyses were performed on two groups of mesoporous silica materials, which allows to separate pore size effects from surface chemistry effects. The observed systematic effects of nano-scale confinement on the physical properties of water are driven by alterations to water’s hydrogen-bonding network—influenced by water interactions with the silica surface — and has implications for how we understand the chemical and physical properties of liquids confined in porous materials.
Transport infrastructure severely impacts amphibian dispersal regardless of life stage
Authors: Cayuela Hugo , Bonnaire Éric , Astruc Guillelme , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTransport infrastructure such as roads has been reported to negatively affect dispersal. Their effects on dispersal are thought to be complex, depending on the characteristics of the structure and the intensity of the traffic using it. In addition, individual factors, such as age, may strongly affect dispersal decisions and success when individuals are confronted with transport infrastructure. Despite the importance of this topic for wildlife conservation, few studies have investigated the effect of transport infrastructure on individuals’ dispersal decisions before and after sexual maturity. We examined the effects on two kinds of infrastructure, gravel tracks and paved roads, on the dispersal of an endangered amphibian, the yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata). We used capture–recapture data collected during a five-year period on a large, spatially structured population of B. variegata. Our study revealed that emigration rates increased with an individual’s age, while dispersal distance decreased. It also showed that both tracks and roads had negative effects on immigration. The negative effect of roads was stronger than that of tracks. We additionally found that the effect of tracks on dispersal slightly decreased with a toad’s age. In contrast, the negative effect of roads was severe and relatively similar across age classes.
Effect of nitrogen supply method on root growth and grain yield of maize under alternate partial root-zone irrigation
Authors: Qi Dongliang , Hu Tiantian , Song Xue , Zhang Meiling 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA field experiment was carried out to investigate effect of nitrogen (N) supply method on root growth and its correlation with the above-ground parts in maize (Zea mays L.) under alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) at Wuwei, northwest China in 2012 and 2014. The treatments included alternate N supply, conventional N supply and fixed N supply under APRI (designated AN, CN and FN, respectively), with an additional CN fertilizer treatment coupled with conventional irrigation (CK). Ridges were built in a west-east direction. Root weight density (RWD) in the 0–100 cm soil layer and shoot biomass at the V6, V12, VT, R2 and R6 stages, and grain yield and yield components at the R6 were determined. Results showed that RWD around the plant (i.e. under the plant, south and north of the plant) in the 0–40 cm soil layer varied among different treatments at the VT, R2 and R6 stages. The RWD north and south the plant were comparable during maize growth stages for AN, CN and CK, while FN significantly decreased the RWD of its no N supply side at the three stages and markedly decreased the RWD of its N supply side at the VT. AN and CN significantly increased the RWD, shoot biomass at the three stages, and grain yield compared with FN and CK. Grain yield was positively correlated with RWD in the 0–40 cm soil layer at the three stages. These results suggested that AN and CN produced a relatively uniform distribution of roots and a greater root biomass, which contributed to the enhanced shoot biomass and grain yield of maize under APRI.
Sciuromorphy outside rodents reveals an ecomorphological convergence between squirrels and extinct South American ungulates
Authors: Ercoli Marcos D. , Álvarez Alicia , Candela Adriana M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNotoungulates were a diverse group of South American ungulates that included the rodent-like typotherians. However, they are typically compared with other ungulates and interpreted as grazers. Here we present the first detailed reconstruction of the masticatory muscles of the pachyrukhine typotherians Paedotherium and Tremacyllus. An outstanding feature is the presence of a true sciuromorph condition, defined by an anterior portion of the deep masseter muscle originating from a wide zygomatic plate that reaches the rostrum, a trait traceable since the Oligocene pachyrukhines. Consequently, pachyrukhines are the first case of sciuromorph non-rodent mammals. This morphology would have allowed them to explore ecological niches unavailable for the exclusively hystricomorph coexisting rodents. This innovative acquisition seems to be synchronous in Pachyrukhinae and sciuromorph rodents and related to hard-food consumption. We postulate the expansion of nut and cone trees during the major environmental changes at Eocene−Oligocene transition as a potential trigger for this convergence.
Association of DNAH11 gene polymorphisms with asthenozoospermia in Northeast Chinese patients
Authors: Zhu Dongliang , Zhang Hongguo , Wang Ruixue , Liu Xiaojun , Jiang Yuting , Feng Tao , Liu Ruizhi , Zhang Guirong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Summary: Reduced or no progressive sperm motility in the fresh ejaculate defines asthenozoospermia as one of the major causes of male infertility. The axonemal heavy chain dynein type 11 (DNAH11) gene encodes for one of the axonemal dynein heavy chain (DHC) family members and participates in assembling respiratory cilia and sperm flagella. Given the high degree of conservation of DNAH11, mutations could give rise to primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and asthenozoospermia. To date, few studies have reported on the association between variants in DNAH11 and asthenozoospermia. In the present study, 87 patients with idiopathic asthenozoospermia for variants in DNAH11 were screened by using high-throughput targeted gene sequencing technology. Bioinformatics analysis was further assessed. We found compound heterozygous variants (c.9484-1 G&gt;T, c.12428 T&gt;C) of DNAH11 detected in 1 of 87 patients. The variant c.9484-1 G&gt;T was confirmed as a novel virulence variant which was predicted to affect splicing by Human Splicing Finder 3.1. And c.12428 T&gt;C was predicted to be mildly pathogenic in silico analysis. We found that DNAH11 polymorphisms display strong associations with asthenozoospermia, and may contribute to an increased risk of male infertility in Chinese patients.
Spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage in a high myopia patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chai Fang , Zeng Lu , Li Chunhua , Zhao Xiquan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Purpose: To report a rare case of spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SSCH) in a high myopia patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and successful treatment.
Methods: We present a case of SSCH that occurred in a 73 woman with high myopia with RRD and discuss the results of a systemic review of the literature published from 1999 to 2017.
Results: Phacoemulsification without intraocular lens implantation and vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection was performed and retinal detachment and choroidal detachment were reattached after oil removed. In the literature review, we found that among a total of 36 patients (37 eyes), acute secondary glaucoma was a complication in 70.3% (26 eyes) of the cases, and over half of the cases (24 eyes, 64.9%) were treated with surgery. Eighteen cases (50%) were characterized by systemic hypertension and 21 cases (58.3%) had abnormal hemostasis. Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) was the most common (12 eyes, 32.4%) ocular disease and was followed by glaucoma (7 cases, 18.9%). Visual acuity was classified as hand motion (HM) or worse in 25 eyes (out of 34 eyes, 73.5%) at initial presentation and in 25 eyes (out of 36 eyes, 69.4%) upon final examination. Nine cases experienced significant visual improvement, including six that underwent vitrectomy.
Conclusion: Advanced age, systemic anticoagulation, and hypertension are strong risk factors. RRD associated with massive SSCH is an extremely rare event. Vitrectomy and choroidal blood drainage can effectively remove suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) and promote retinal reattachment in these eyes. However, the final visual prognosis usually remains poor.
MiR-505 suppressed the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via targeting IGF-1R
Authors: Ren Liang , Yao Yongshan , Wang Yang , Wang Shengqiang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers globally. An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of human cancers. Here, we showed that miR-505 was down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Reduced expression of miR-505 was significantly correlated with the worse prognosis of HCC patients. Overexpression of miR-505 suppressed the proliferation, colony formation and induced apoptosis of both HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Further mechanism study uncovered that miR-505 bound the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the insulin growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and inhibited the expression of IGF-1R in HCC cells. The down-regulation of IGF-1R by miR-505 further suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT at the amino acid S473. Consistently, the abundance of glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 (GLUT1) was reduced with the overexpression of miR-505. Down-regulation of GLUT1 by miR-505 consequently attenuated the glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP generation of HCC cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated the tumor suppressive function of miR-505 possibly via inhibiting the glycolysis of HCC cells. These findings suggested miR-505 as an interesting target for designing anti-cancer strategy in HCC.
Können analytische und tiefenpsychologisch fundierte Psychotherapie reliabel voneinander getrennt werden?
Authors: Ratzek Melanie , Huber Dorothea , Klug Günther 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungZiel der Untersuchung ist die Entwicklung einer Skala zur Einschätzung der Adherence und der Treatment Differentiation von analytischer und tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie (AP und TP). Die Entwicklung der APP Skala durchlief insgesamt 6 Stufen. 9 Trainees wurden einem intensiven Ratertraining unterzogen. Nach Erlangen einer Interraterreliabilität von ICC [2,1]>0,60 wurden 7 der Trainees als Rater für die psychometrische Überprüfung der APP Skala eingesetzt. Die Reliabilität der APP Skala liegt mit ICC [1,1]=0,58 bzw. ICC [1,3]=0,81 (AP Subskala) und mit ICC [1,1]=0,67 bzw. ICC [1,3]=0,86 (TP Subskala) im ausreichenden bis exzellenten Bereich. Die Diskriminationsfähigkeit der APP Skala in Bezug auf audiografierte TP- und AP-Sitzungen ist mit einem großen Effekt von d=1,04 (AP Subskala) und mit einem ebenfalls großen Effekt von d=1,48 (TP Subskala) als gut zu bezeichnen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die konzeptionell nahe beieinanderliegenden psychoanalytischen Verfahren mithilfe der APP Skala von trainierten Psychologiestudierenden und Postgraduierten reliabel voneinander unterscheiden lassen. Ein intensives Ratertraining durch Experten in AP und TP hat sich dafür als unerlässlich erwiesen.
Contemporary Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Literature Review
Authors: Yeo Nikki , Terrett Luke , Gupta Arun K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) results in significant morbidity and mortality, which leads to additional economic and psychological burden. Atraumatic SAH is normally secondary to a ruptured aneurysm. Diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is usually made by computed tomography (CT) of the head: noncontrast CT identifies the hemorrhage, and CT angiography identifies the aneurysm.The management of aSAH is focused on securing the aneurysm and prevention of secondary brain injury. Definitive treatment of the aneurysm is done by endovascular coiling or surgical clipping, which should be performed as soon as possible with avoidance of hypertension and strict blood pressure management prior to aneurysm securement. Routine use of nimodipine is recommended by international guidelines as a neuroprotectant. Common neurological complications of aSAH are hydrocephalus, seizures, vasospasm, and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Detection of DCI, especially in patients with poor-grade aSAH, can be challenging. In addition to clinical examination, multiple radiological modalities can be used, with digital subtraction angiography being the gold standard but CT perfusion gaining an increasingly important role. Extracranial complications including cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary edema, and electrolyte abnormalities are common, causing significant morbidity and mortality.In this review, a PubMed literature search was conducted using the terms “subarachnoid hemorrhage” and “management,” with results limited to past 5 years. Journal articles were hand-selected by the authors based on relevance, and the references were reviewed to identify additional relevant publications. Historically important publications were also included.
Ablation in Primary Liver Tumors
Authors: Putzer D. , Schullian P. , Bale R. 
Published: June 2019

Minimal invasive thermal ablation techniques have a key role in the treatment regimen of primary liver tumors. These relatively low-risk procedures are established in nonresectable liver tumors and even challenge the surgical approach, which is regarded as first-line treatment in eligible patients.The location and size of the liver tumor, the applied ablation, and guidance technique are crucial for treatment outcome. The confirmation of an adequate ablation zone including sufficient tumor overlap and a safety margin (A0 ablation analogous to R0 resection) is crucial to minimize local recurrence rates and improve survival. A variety of different ablation devices is available. The outcome of conventional computed tomography- or ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in small lesions is well comparable to surgery. However, in liver lesions with large diameter overlapping ablation zones are required to ensure an adequate ablation margin. Therefore, stereotactic techniques in combination with a multiple needle approach, three-dimensional trajectory planning, and image fusion for intraoperative treatment evaluation have been successfully introduced.