bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A General Overview
Authors: Pelissero Alberto 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper is a brief survey on the concept of paribhāṣā throughout the whole Indian textual tradition. The contribute displays in a general way what is well developed by other articles of the volume. The most striking feature of this overview is that it highlights some issues concerning the translation of the word paribhāṣā as well as the general definitions formulated across Indian literary history. Possible alternative translations of the term paribhāṣā, from the history of ideas’ perspective, are as follows: meta-rule, hermeneutic rule, interpretative rule. The paper hints at the very core of the problem, namely the multi-tasking function of the paribhāṣā.
Optimizing the Formulation for Ginkgolide B Solid Dispersion
Authors: Wu Xiao , Huo Qing , Quan Qizhe , Yang Xiaofang , Yu Na , Wang Yue 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe main purpose of our study is to optimize the formulation for Ginkgolide B (GB) solid dispersion in order to improve its dissolution in water. For the preparation of GB solid dispersion, we use a solvent method. The optimized formulation consists of GB : PVPK30 = 1:10, PVPK30 as the carrier, and ethanol : dichloromethane = 1:1 as the solvent. They were treated ultrasonically for 10 min at 60°C. The results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analysis show that the morphological appearance of GB changed significantly in solid dispersion. The original crystal form of GB no longer existed, but it was uniformly dispersed within PVPK30 in a non-crystalline form. It is probably because the -C=O in GB forms hydrogen bonds with the -OH of PVPK30 or urea; this produces a nice solid dispersion and significantly improves the dissolution of GB in water. When GB is in a solid dispersion system, GB’s dissolution in water could be enhanced from 30% to 80%. Furthermore, it may even be produced as a solid agent.
Factors Influencing the Successful Isolation and Expansion of Aging Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Chong Pan Pan , Selvaratnam Lakshmi , Abbas Azlina A. , Kamarul Tunku 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMost studies highlight mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted primarily from bone marrow (BM), very few report the use of peripheral blood (PB), often due to the associated low seeding density and difficulties with extraction techniques. As ageing populations are becoming more predominant globally, together with escalating demands for MSC transplantation and tissue regeneration, obtaining quality MSCs suitable for induced differentiation and biological therapies becomes increasingly important. In this study, BM and PB were obtained from elderly patients and extracted MSCs grown in vitro to determine their successful isolation and expansion. Patients’ socio-demographic background and other medical information were obtained from medical records. Successful and failed cultures were correlated with key demographic and medical parameters. A total of 112 samples (BM or PB) were used for this study. Of these, 50 samples (44.6%) were successfully cultured according to standardised criteria with no signs of contamination. Our comparative analyses demonstrated no statistical correlation between successful MSC cultures and any of the six demographic or medical parameters examined, including sample quantity, age, sex, race, habits and underlying comorbidities of sample donors. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that typical demographics and comorbidities do not influence successful MSC isolation and expansion in culture.
Attenuation of oxidative stress and hepatic damage by white butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats
Authors: Molehin Olorunfemi R. , Oloyede Omotade I. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
The negative impact of diabetes on the liver is well documented. The white butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaf has been used in traditional practices for the treatment of various diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and rheumatism, but without scientific validation. This work was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective properties of Clerodendrum volubile leaves on oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats.

Methods
The rats were divided into ten groups of five rats each. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight; i.p), while the C. volubile extract (at the respective doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) was given to diabetic and non-diabetic rats orally for 14 days. Metformin (100 mg/kg body weight) served as the positive control. Biochemical assays were conducted on the plasma for hematological parameters, along with hepatic marker damages and antioxidant enzyme determination in vivo to assess hepatic injury.

Results
The diabetic control rats showed significant increase (p<0.05) in marker enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and malondiadehyde with reduction in reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and plasma total protein content. Likewise, there were alterations in hematological indices in the diabetic control rats when compared with the normal control. However, treatment with C. volubile caused a reversal of the above parameters towards normal levels, thereby suggesting the modulating effect of the extract on oxidative stress, which may be a result of the high polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity.

Conclusions
The protection of the liver tissues and the modulation of oxidative stress in STZ diabetic rats compare favorably to metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug.
Muscle stretching with deep and slow breathing patterns: a pilot study for therapeutic development
Authors: Wongwilairat Kulwarang , Buranruk Orawan , Eungpinichpong Wichai , Puntumetakul Rungthip , Kantharadussadee-Triamchaisri Somporn 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Chronic neck pain is frequently found in office workers affecting quality of life; also, stress is one participating factor. Though stretching incorporating deep-slow breathing (DSB) has benefits on health, an effective and suitable technique for office workers to perform in the workplace is a gap in need of fulfilment.

Methods
We explored the effective pattern of stretching with DSB to reduce neck tension and promote relaxation within the shortest time. Thirty-two female participants with neck tension were allocated into two steps totaling five patterns (n=8 for each pattern). Firstly, they performed two patterns; two other patterns were developed and compared with DSB alone. Muscle tension, pain score, and heart rate variability (HRV) were immediately measured.

Results
All patterns performed with the eyes closed decreased muscle tension more than those performed with the eyes open; the pain amid all stretching groups subsequently decreased. Only a bout of slow stretching, performed synchronously with the eyes closed along with a period of deep inhalation increased the parasympathetic activity of HRV; an increase in pain was reported after stretching.

Conclusions
A slowed and synchronized pattern between stretching with DSB and eyes closed period, performed at least four times repeatedly rendered benefits in reducing neck pain and tension, in addition to promoting relaxation within a short period; however, the DSB pattern and the feeling of the stretched muscle to promote relaxation were individual differences. Thus, future studies should come up with apposite training methods adjusted to fit individuals; self-awareness toward these aspects ought to be encouraged.
Pseudomesotheliomatous primary squamous cell lung carcinoma: The first case reported in Turkey and a review of the literature
Authors: Katgi Nuran , Unlu Mehmet , Cimen Pinar , Oner Emre , Serez Bilkay , Giakoup Derya 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In rare cases, pseudomesotheliomatous tumors spread diffusely within the pleura to form an encasing mass, which may be confused with diffuse malignant mesothelioma (DMM). A 73-year-old male presented with chest pain, dyspnea and a significant loss of weight and appetite. His radiological and clinical features suggested DMM. However, immunohistochemical studies revealed a primary squamous cell cancer of the lung. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of pseudomesotheliomatous primary squamous cell lung cancer in Turkey, and also the seventh case worldwide. The present report aims to present this case, along with a review of the medical literature.
Characterisation of Drawing Papers for Borko Lazeski’s Cartoons (1951–56)
Authors: Kostadinovska Maja 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a study of the drawing papers from Borko Lazeski’s cartoons for a mural painting. The collection is comprised of more than 20 single pieces (170×500 cm) executed in charcoal, pencil, pastel, tempera and ink. The cartoons exhibit different types of damages, such as grease stains, moisture stains, cracks, flaking paint, areas of loss caused by insects and mould stains. The study included spot tests, ATR-FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy to characterise the artist’s papers. They were found to be a type of paper composed of partly bleached, neutral sulphite semi-chemical (NSSC) wood pulp originating from coniferous trees (softwood) with the occasional use of abaca fibres. The laboratory tests revealed slightly acidic conditions (pH=5.01–6.52), high lignin content (>5 %) and alum-rosin sizing. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed all findings of the spot tests. Micro-Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of gypsum in the papers. The study addresses conservation issues arising from the chemical nature of the paper support and highlights the need for an extended study in order to be able to make informed treatment choices.
Ein ökonomisches Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von Reaktionsgemischen bei Lewis-Säure-induzierten elektrophilen Aromatensubstitutionen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Mezger Jochen , Stoyanov Edmond V. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Reaction mixtures from Friedel-Crafts reactions can be worked up simply and economically by replacing the hydrolysis step by alcoholysis.
Structural and IR-spectroscopic characterization of pyridinium acesulfamate, a monoclinic twin
Authors: Baran Enrique J. , Piro Oscar E. , Echeverría Gustavo A. , Parajón-Costa Beatriz S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe crystal structure of pyridinium 6-methyl-1,2,3,-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide [(C5NH6)(C4H4NO4S)], for short, pyH(ace), was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes as a twin in the monoclinic space groupP21/cwitha=6.9878(9),b=7.2211(7),c=21.740(2) Å,β=91.67(1)° andZ=4 molecules per unit cell. The structure was determined employing 1599 reflections withI>2σ(I) from one of the twin domains and refined employing 2092 reflections from both crystal domains to an agreement R1 factor of 0.0466. Besides electrostatic attractions, intermolecular pyH···O=C(ace) hydrogen bonds stabilize the acesulfamate anion and the pyridinium cation into planar discrete units parallel to the (100) crystal plane. The units form stacks of alternating ace−and pyH+ions along theaaxis that favors inter-ring π–π interactions. The Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of the compound was recorded and is briefly discussed. Some comparisons with related pyridinium saccharinate salts are also made.
Physiological Responses to Linear and Nonlinear Soccer-specific Match Simulations and Their Effects on Lower-Limb Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Uddin Nasir , Jeffries Owen , Read Paul , Howe Louis , Patterson Stephen , Waldron Mark 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Uddin, N, Jeffries, O, Read, P, Howe, L, Patterson, S, and Waldron, M. Physiological responses to linear and nonlinear soccer-specific match simulations and their effects on lower-limb muscle fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3232–3240, 2020—The aims of this study were to: (a) investigate the effects of linear and nonlinear soccer simulations on lower-limb muscle function and physiological responses and (b) evaluate the relationship between match-running demands and changes in lower-limb muscle function. In a repeated-measures cross-over design, 8 participants completed either a linear or nonlinear adapted Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) on 2 occasions. The movement of players was tracked with a global positioning system, while lower-limb muscle function tests and physiological measurements were performed before and every 15 minutes during the simulation. There were no differences in distance covered, yet high-speed running (p = 0.007), accelerations (p = 0.008), and decelerations (p = 0.015) were higher in the linear LIST. Mean heart rate (p = 0.001) and ratings of perceived exertion (p = 0.013) were higher in the nonlinear LIST. Peak landing forces (p = 0.017) and jump height (p = 0.001) were reduced between baseline and 90 minutes but were not different between conditions. Changes in peak landing forces from baseline to half-time (r = −0.57, n = 16, p = 0.022) and full-time (r = −0.58, n = 16, p = 0.019) were related to high-speed running. Hamstring force was unaffected by time (p = 0.448) but was reduced in the linear LIST (p = 0.044). Protocols posing different external and internal demands elicited similar levels of fatigue across simulations. Hamstring function was not an effective indicator of fatigue, but our results highlight the greater demands placed on this muscle group when higher-speed running is performed.
Countermovement Jump Reliability Performed With and Without an Arm Swing in NCAA Division 1 Intercollegiate Basketball Players
Authors: Heishman Aaron D. , Daub Bryce D. , Miller Ryan M. , Freitas Eduardo D.S. , Frantz Brett A. , Bemben Michael G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Heishman, AD, Daub, BD, Miller, RM, Freitas, EDS, Frantz, BA, and Bemben, MG. Countermovement jump reliability performed with and without an arm swing in NCAA Division 1 intercollegiate basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 546–558, 2020—The countermovement jump (CMJ) is routinely used in athlete performance to quantify adaptions to training, as well as monitor neuromuscular readiness and fatigue. However, controversy remains in whether to incorporate an arm swing during the CMJ (CMJ AS) or keep the hands placed on the hips (CMJ NAS). Incorporating the arms provides a higher degree of sport-specificity that may yield improved reliability, especially in skilled jumpers. By contrast, the hands-on-hips approach isolates lower extremity force production and eliminates potential arm-swing variation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the reliability of CMJ typical (CMJ-TYP), CMJ concentric alternative (CMJ-Conc-ALT), and CMJ eccentric alternative (CMJ-Ecc-ALT) variables obtained during the CMJ AS and CMJ NAS. Twenty-two (men = 14, women = 8) NCAA Division 1 collegiate basketball players performed 3 CMJ AS and 3 CMJ NAS on a force plate, in a randomized order. To assess the test-retest reliability, participants returned 1 week later to perform 3 additional CMJ AS and 3 CMJ NAS. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used to assess intersession and intrasession reliability for the various CMJ variables. A majority of CMJ-TYP and several CMJ-Conc-ALT and CMJ-Ecc-ALT variables exhibited adequate intersession and intrasession reliability (ICC > 0.700 and CV <10%) during both the CMJ AS and the CMJ NAS. Countermovement jump AS may provide more pertinent information about long-term changes in sport-specific performance, whereas the CMJ NAS may be more beneficial for detecting acute changes in neuromuscular fatigue and athlete readiness.
Deciphering the Contribution of Oriens-Lacunosum/Moleculare (OLM) Cells to Intrinsic θ Rhythms Using Biophysical Local Field Potential (LFP) Models
Authors: Chatzikalymniou Alexandra P. , Skinner Frances K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOscillations in local field potentials (LFPs) are prevalent and contribute to brain function. An understanding of the cellular correlates and pathways affecting LFPs is needed, but many overlapping pathwaysin vivomake this difficult to achieve. A prevalent LFP rhythm in the hippocampus associated with memory processing and spatial navigation is the θ (3–12 Hz) oscillation. θ rhythms emerge intrinsically in anin vitrowhole hippocampus preparation and this reduced preparation makes it possible to assess the contribution of different cell types to LFP generation. We focus on oriens-lacunosum/moleculare (OLM) cells as a major class of interneurons in the hippocampus. OLM cells can influence pyramidal (PYR) cells through two distinct pathways: by direct inhibition of PYR cell distal dendrites, and by indirect disinhibition of PYR cell proximal dendrites. We use previous inhibitory network models and build biophysical LFP models using volume conductor theory. We examine the effect of OLM cells to ongoing intrinsic LFP θ rhythms by directly comparing our model LFP features with experiment. We find that OLM cell inputs regulate the robustness of LFP responses without affecting their average power and that this robust response depends on coactivation of distal inhibition and basal excitation. We use our models to estimate the spatial extent of the region generating LFP θ rhythms, leading us to predict that about 22,000 PYR cells participate in intrinsic θ generation. Besides obtaining an understanding of OLM cell contributions to intrinsic LFP θ rhythms, our work can help decipher cellular correlates ofin vivoLFPs.
Estimación de contenido de carbono en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en Yurimaguas,
Authors: SOLISA§ REYNALDO , ZAMORA ABSALÓN , MARÍN-DÍAZ JESÚS , ARGOTED KAROLINA 
Published: August 2018

En este estudio se hicieron estimaciones del contenido de carbono almacenado en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en el distrito de Yurimaguas, región de Loreto. Se evaluaron plantaciones de tres a seis años de edad y se estimó la biomasa total en tres sistemas agroforestales de cacao asociados con árboles dispersos, para lo cual se empleó un diseño de parcelas anidadas, las cuales fueron de 50 x 50 m para la evaluación de árboles vivos y muertos con diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP), medido a 1.30 m sobre el suelo mayor o igual a 10 cm. Una sub parcela de 20 x 20 m para la evaluación de árboles con un DAP menor a 10 cm y mayor o igual a 2 cm. En el caso del cacao se tomó el diámetro a la altura de 30 cm sobre el suelo (d30). Cuatro sub parcelas de 1 x 1 m para la evaluación de hojarasca y biomasa menor (hierbas y arbustos) y cuatro transectos de 1 x 50 m para la evaluación de madera muerta sobre el suelo. El carbono total acumulado en la biomasa de los sistemas evaluados fue de 21.88 mg C ha-1, 16.58 mg C.ha-1 y 14.43 mg C ha-1 para para los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) 1, 2 y 3, respectivamente. El contenido de carbono en cada uno de los compartimentos tiene una relación directamente proporcional con la edad de las plantaciones.
Estimación de la capacidad fitorremediadora del “girasol” Helianthus annuus mediante la incorporación de enmiendas para suelos contaminados por metales pesados (Plomo, Cromo) de industrias metalmecánicas
Authors: RODRIGO TINTAYA DÁMARIS JIMENA 
Published: August 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito evaluar la capacidad fitorremediadora del “girasol” Helianthus annuus mediante la incorporación de enmienda a suelos contaminados con metales pesados de industrias metalmecánicas, y proponer una alternativa económica, simple y natural. Se evaluó la bioacumulación de Plomo (Pb) y Cromo (Cr) de las plantas cultivadas en un periodo de 60 días, para ello se realizaron cuatro tratamientos que incluían enmienda orgánica (guano de isla y suelo agrícola), las cuales fueron mezcladas con el suelo contaminado. Al finalizar la evaluación se evidenció que la aplicación de enmiendas en los tratamientos (T) 3 y 4 favoreció la bioacumulación de Pb en el suelo (75.54 ppm en T3; 46.09 ppm en T4) y en las plantas (50.70 ppm en T3; 41.30 ppm en T4) de Helianthus annuus; en relación con el Cr en el suelo se determinaron concentraciones de 47.40 ppm de en el T3; 79.5 ppm en T4 y en las plantas 9.21 ppm en el T3 y 19.3 ppm en T4. En general el Helianthus annuus biacumuló mayor cantidad de en los T1 y T2 llegando a la toxicidad y baja supervivencia. Así mismo, en los tratamiento T4 y T3 logró una mejor supervivencia, masa foliar y crecimiento.
Multiple joint procedures in haemophilia: benefit of self-reported activities
Authors: Kleijn Piet de , Sluiter David , Fischer Kathelijn , Vogely Charles , Mauser-Bunschoten Eveline P. , Schutgens Roger 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a long-term follow-up (mean 6 years) of three cases, providing insight into individual changes in self-reported activities of persons with haemophilia (PWH) who underwent multiple joint procedures (MJP). The procedures include one bilateral ankle pan arthrodesis by means of an ankle arthrodesis nail (case 1) and two times bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA), both type Genesis II (cases 2 and 3). MJP are defined as any combination of total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) during one hospital admission (one session or staged). The results of MJP need meticulous long-term follow-up, including tools with the capacity to provide detailed measurements for levels of activity. Measurements performed before and after surgery included active range of motion (AROM), the Hemophilia Activities List (HAL) sub-scores for basic and complex lower extremity and the McMaster Toronto Arthritis patient disability questionnaire (MACTAR). Pain scores were only available post-surgery and were by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS), 0 indicating no pain and 10 maximum pain. Post-operative VAS scores were 0.3 on average (range 0-1), indicating only minimal pain. Pre-operative pain was the actual indication for MJP. However, it was measured with a different score, the WFH score. Regarding post-operative AROM, case 1 showed a decreased ankle plantar flexion averaging 15˚ (range 10-20˚) and dorsiflexion averaging 7.5˚ (range 5-10˚), results expected after surgical fixation of the tibiotalar joint. Cases 2 and 3 showed an increased active flexion of both knee joints, on average 6° (range 5-10˚), and extension of 11° (range 0-20˚). From these two cases the HAL showed improvement in both basic (Δ 40 and Δ 30) and complex lower extremity (Δ 40 and Δ 3,5) activities. When considering the standard deviations of the HAL normalised total score of 18, it can be appreciated that these improvements are clinically relevant (effect size Δ 1). The MACTAR showed individual progress, with emphasis on walking, standing, riding a bicycle and walking stairs. These MJP cases provide insight on the benefits of self-reported activities, as well as the relationship between body and activity of the ICF. For the long-term follow-up of this very specific population, self-reported activities should be included.