bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mbd2 enables tumourigenesis within the intestine while preventing tumour‐promoting inflammation
Authors: May Stephanie , Owen Heather , Phesse Toby J , Greenow Kirsty R , Jones Gareth‐Rhys , Blackwood Adam , Cook Peter C , Towers Christopher , Gallimore Awen M , Williams Geraint T , Stürzl Michael , Britzen‐Laurent Nathalie , Sansom Owen J , MacDonald Andrew S , Bird Adrian P , Clarke Alan R , Parry Lee 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEpigenetic regulation plays a key role in the link between inflammation and cancer. Here we examine Mbd2, which mediates epigenetic transcriptional silencing by binding to methylated DNA. In separate studies the Mbd2−/− mouse has been shown (1) to be resistant to intestinal tumourigenesis and (2) to have an enhanced inflammatory/immune response, observations that are inconsistent with the links between inflammation and cancer. To clarify its role in tumourigenesis and inflammation, we used constitutive and conditional models of Mbd2 deletion to explore its epithelial and non‐epithelial roles in the intestine. Using a conditional model, we found that suppression of intestinal tumourigenesis is due primarily to the absence of Mbd2 within the epithelia. Next, we demonstrated, using the DSS colitis model, that non‐epithelial roles of Mbd2 are key in preventing the transition from acute to tumour‐promoting chronic inflammation. Combining models revealed that prior to inflammation the altered Mbd2−/− immune response plays a role in intestinal tumour suppression. However, following inflammation the intestine converts from tumour suppressive to tumour promoting. To summarise, in the intestine the normal function of Mbd2 is exploited by cancer cells to enable tumourigenesis, while in the immune system it plays a key role in preventing tumour‐enabling inflammation. Which role is dominant depends on the inflammation status of the intestine. As environmental interactions within the intestine can alter DNA methylation patterns, we propose that Mbd2 plays a key role in determining whether these interactions are anti‐ or pro‐tumourigenic and this makes it a useful new epigenetic model for inflammation‐associated carcinogenesis. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
CRIPTO promotes an aggressive tumour phenotype and resistance to treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Karkampouna Sofia , van der Helm Danny , Gray Peter C , Chen Lanpeng , Klima Irena , Grosjean Joël , Burgmans Mark C , Farina‐Sarasqueta Arantza , Snaar‐Jagalska Ewa B , Stroka Deborah M , Terracciano Luigi , van Hoek Bart , Schaapherder Alexander F , Osanto Susan , Thalmann George N , Verspaget Hein W , Coenraad Minneke J , Kruithof‐de Julio Marianna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Despite increasing treatment options for this disease, prognosis remains poor. CRIPTO (TDGF1) protein is expressed at high levels in several human tumours and promotes oncogenic phenotype. Its expression has been correlated to poor prognosis in HCC. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the basis for the effects of CRIPTO in HCC. We investigated CRIPTO expression levels in three cohorts of clinical cirrhotic and HCC specimens. We addressed the role of CRIPTO in hepatic tumourigenesis using Cre‐loxP‐controlled lentiviral vectors expressing CRIPTO in cell line‐derived xenografts. Responses to standard treatments (sorafenib, doxorubicin) were assessed directly on xenograft‐derived ex vivo tumour slices. CRIPTO‐overexpressing patient‐derived xenografts were established and used for ex vivo drug response assays. The effects of sorafenib and doxorubicin treatment in combination with a CRIPTO pathway inhibitor were tested in ex vivo cultures of xenograft models and 3D cultures. CRIPTO protein was found highly expressed in human cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma specimens but not in those of healthy participants. Stable overexpression of CRIPTO in human HepG2 cells caused epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, increased expression of cancer stem cell markers, and enhanced cell proliferation and migration. HepG2‐CRIPTO cells formed tumours when injected into immune‐compromised mice, whereas HepG2 cells lacking stable CRIPTO overexpression did not. High‐level CRIPTO expression in xenograft models was associated with resistance to sorafenib, which could be modulated using a CRIPTO pathway inhibitor in ex vivo tumour slices. Our data suggest that a subgroup of CRIPTO‐expressing HCC patients may benefit from a combinatorial treatment scheme and that sorafenib resistance may be circumvented by inhibition of the CRIPTO pathway. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incidence of head and neck cancer in children: A Danish nationwide study from 1978 to 2014
Authors: Grønhøj Christian , Hjalgrim Lisa , Jakobsen Kathrine K. , Charabi Birgitte , Mirian Christian , Laier Gunnar H. , Kiss Katalin , Rechnitzer Catherine , Friborg Jeppe , von Buchwald Christian , Hjuler Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundPediatric head and neck malignancies are rare and only a few descriptive epidemiological studies have been published. Using unique nationwide registries, we report age‐specific incidence rates of head and neck cancer (HNC) among children during four decades.MethodsData were obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. We included children aged 0–14 years diagnosed between January 1, 1978 and December 31, 2014 with extra‐orbital, nonskin and nonbone HNC. Patients were divided into nine groups in regard to tumor location: oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, thyroid, major salivary glands, larynx, and middle ear. Based on the World Health Organization standard population and Danish age‐specific population counts, age‐adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated and examined for trends.ResultsIn total, 169 children (55.6% females) were registered with a malignant tumor in the head and neck region. The AAIR increased with an AAPC of 2.2% (95% CI, 0.8–3.7%). Females showed an AAIR of 0.54 per 100,000 person years compared to that of males, with 0.41 per 100,000 person years (P < 0.01). The AAIR was higher among children aged 10–14 years compared to 0–9‐year‐old children (P < 0.01). Based on morphology, a significant increase in AAIR was observed for sarcomas, with an increase of 0.16–0.27 per 100,000 person years (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe incidence rate of pediatric HNC was higher among females and evidence of increasing rates was observed during 1978–2014, explained by an increase mainly in sarcomas.
Application of minimally invasive injectable conductive hydrogels as stimulating scaffolds for myocardial tissue engineering
Authors: Ketabat Farinaz , Khorshidi Sajedeh , Karkhaneh Akbar 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSo far, several methods for myocardial tissue engineering have been developed to regenerate myocardium and even create contractile heart muscles. Among these approaches, hydrogel based methods have attracted much attention due to their ability to mimic the architecture of native extracellular matrix. Injectable hydrogels are a specific class of hydrogels which can be formed in situ by physical and/or chemical crosslinking. Generally, using these hydrogels is more advantageous because they are minimally (less) invasive in comparison with open surgery. Moreover, with respect to the fact that ‘myocardium is a conductive tissue’, utilization of conductive polymers for myocardial tissue engineering has demonstrated promising results. Both the injectable hydrogels and conductive polymers have some merits and demerits, but studies show that using a combination of them has prominently enhanced regeneration of the myocardium. In this review, the focus is on injectable hydrogels, conductive polymers and injectable conductive hydrogels for myocardial tissue engineering. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The association between locus of control, emotion regulation and borderline personality disorder features
Authors: Hope Nora H. , Wakefield Matthew A. , Northey Lynnaea , Chapman Alexander L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundLocus of control (LOC) represents individuals' beliefs about how much control they have over outcomes in their life. Previous research has found an association between external LOC and psychopathology. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by mood instability, identity disturbance and difficulties in impulse control.AimsThe aims of this study are to evaluate the relationship between BPD features and LOC in a non‐clinical sample and to assess whether external LOC is associated with BPD features after controlling for symptoms of depression and anxiety.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study of 328 university students, we assessed LOC, BPD features, depression and anxiety, as well as difficulties in emotion regulation and cognitive emotion regulation as potential mediators.ResultsWe found an association between external LOC and BPD features after controlling for symptoms of depression, anxiety and demographic covariates. Assessing for indirect effects through potential mediators, we found that difficulties in emotion regulation, but not cognitive emotion regulation, partially mediated the relationship between external LOC and BPD features.ConclusionsFindings provide support for a unique association between external LOC and BPD features and suggest a role for external LOC in related emotion regulation problems. Future investigations using experimental designs should examine potential causal associations and the effect of changing LOC on emotion regulation and features of BPD. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Targeted LC‐MS Strategy for Low‐Abundant HLA Class‐I‐Presented Peptide Detection Identifies Novel Human Papillomavirus T‐Cell Epitopes
Authors: Blatnik Renata , Mohan Nitya , Bonsack Maria , Falkenby Lasse G. , Hoppe Stephanie , Josef Kathrin , Steinbach Alina , Becker Sara , Nadler Wiebke M. , Rucevic Marijana , Larsen Martin R. , Salek Mogjiborahman , Riemer Angelika B. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFor rational design of therapeutic vaccines, detailed knowledge about target epitopes that are endogenously processed and truly presented on infected or transformed cells is essential. Many potential target epitopes (viral or mutation‐derived), are presented at low abundance. Therefore, direct detection of these peptides remains a challenge. This study presents a method for the isolation and LC‐MS3‐based targeted detection of low‐abundant human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class‐I‐presented peptides from transformed cells. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was used as a model system, as the HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are attractive therapeutic vaccination targets and expressed in all transformed cells, but present at low abundance due to viral immune evasion mechanisms. The presented approach included preselection of target antigen‐derived peptides by in silico predictions and in vitro binding assays. The peptide purification process was tailored to minimize contaminants after immunoprecipitation of HLA‐peptide complexes, while keeping high isolation yields of low‐abundant target peptides. The subsequent targeted LC‐MS3 detection allowed for increased sensitivity, which resulted in successful detection of the known HLA‐A2‐restricted epitope E711–19 and ten additional E7‐derived peptides on the surface of HPV16‐transformed cells. T‐cell reactivity was shown for all the 11 detected peptides in ELISpot assays, which shows that detection by our approach has high predictive value for immunogenicity. The presented strategy is suitable for validating even low‐abundant candidate epitopes to be true immunotherapy targets.
Photoinduced electron‐transfer reactions of tris(2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II)‐based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors tethering plural binding sites
Authors: Suwa Mikiko , Imamura Narumi , Awano Pirika , Nakata Eiji , Takashima Hiroshi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTris(2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex‐based carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors, [Ru(bpy)2(bpydbs)]2+ {bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine and bpydbs = 2,2′‐bipyridinyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxilic acid bis[(2‐{2‐[2‐(4‐sulfamoylbenzoylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethyl)amide]} and [Ru(bpydbs)3]2+, tethering plural benzenesulfonamide groups have been prepared. The CA catalytic activity was effectively suppressed by these synthetic [Ru(bpy)2(bpydbs)]2+ and [Ru(bpydbs)3]2+ inhibitors, and their dissociation constants at pH = 7.2 and at 25°C were determined to be KI = 0.93 ± 0.02 μM and KI = 0.24 ± 0.03 μM, respectively. Next, 2 photoinduced electron‐transfer (ET) systems comprising a Ru2+‐CA complex and an electron acceptor, such as chloropentaamminecobalt(III) ([CoCl(NH3)5]2+) or methylviologen (MV2+) were studied. In the presence of CA and a sacrificial electron acceptor, such as pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) complex, the photoexcited triplet state of 3([Ru(II)]2+)* was quenched through an intermolecular photoinduced ET mechanism. In case of the [Ru(bpydbs)3]2+‐CA‐MV2+ system, the photoexcited triplet state of 3([Ru(bpydbs)3]2+)* was quenched by sacrificial quencher through an intermolecular photoinduced ET mechanism, giving the oxidized [Ru(bpydbs)3]3+. Then the following intramolecular ET from the amino acid residue, Tyr6, near the active site of CA proceeded. We observed a transient absorption around at 410 nm, arising from the formation of a Tyr•+ in the [Ru(bpydbs)3]2+‐CA‐MV2+ system. These artificial Ru(II)‐CA systems may clearly demonstrate both intermolecular and intramolecular photoinduced ET reactions of protein and could be one of the interesting models of the ET proteins. Their photophysical properties and the detailed ET mechanisms are discussed in order to clarify the multistep ET reactions.
Polyurethane elastomers based on amphiphilic poly(caprolactone)‐b‐poly(butadiene)‐b‐poly(caprolactone) triblockcopolyols
Authors: Fink Irina , Eling Berend , Pöselt Elmar , Luinstra Gerrit A. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTHydroxyl‐terminated poly(butadiene) (HTPB; Mn = 2100 g mol−1) was capped with 30 and 60 wt % of ɛ‐caprolactone to reach amphiphilic triblock copolymers in form of capped poly(butadiene) CPB. The former (CPB30; Mn = 3300 g/mol) is amorphous with a glass temperature of −56 °C. CPB60 (Mn = 4000 g mol−1) is semi‐crystalline with a melting point of 50 °C and a glass transition at −47 °C. The CPBs, HTPB and polycaprolactone diol (Mn = 2000 g mol−1) were used as soft segment components in the preparation of polyurethane elastomers (PUE), using a 1/1 mixture of an MDI prepolymer and uretonimine modified MDI, and hard phase components in form of 1,3‐propane diol, 1,4‐butane diol, and 1,5‐pentane diol. CPB‐based elastomers with 1,4 butane diol (8 wt %) show hard domains as fringed aggregates with a better connection to the continuous phase than the HTPB‐based PUE. The soft segment glass transition temperature (Tg) is at −28 °C for HTPB‐based PUE and at −43 °C for those of CPB. The tensile strength of the CPB30&60‐based PUE is found between 20 and 30 MPa at an elongation at break of 400% and 550%, respectively. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1162–1172
Synthesis of telechelic anthraquinone‐functionalized polybutadiene via ROMP and study of its photo‐oxidation and UV crosslinking behaviors
Authors: Lee Jeonghyun , Moon Bongjin 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTTelechelic anthraquinone‐functionalized polybutadiene (AQ‐PB‐AQ) was synthesized by ring opening metathesis polymerization to achieve homogeneous dispersion of AQ groups in the polymer matrix. It was observed that the AQ end groups act as a sensitizing group resulting in photo‐induced crosslinking and oxidation reaction at the olefin groups in the PB. The process was confirmed by comparing the polymer's mass loss and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra with those of telechelic diacetoxy‐functionalized PB (AcO‐PB‐OAc) which did not show any difference before and after ultraviolet irradiation. Homogeneity of the AQ groups in PB matrix results in rapid crosslinking of PB in a short period of time (<4 min) while a simple blend of AQ methyl ester in AcO‐PB‐OAc matrix did not show such behavior. Photo‐oxidative reaction has concurrently occurred during the crosslinking reaction. Generation of OH, OOH, and carbonyl groups in the matrix during the photo‐oxidation was verified by FTIR, elemental analysis, and water contact angle measurements. A plausible mechanism for the process was proposed in which the photo‐sensitized AQ groups abstract hydrogen from the PB chain to yield reactive radical species, initiating oxidative crosslinking, and degradation of PB or reduction of AQ to hydroanthraquinone species. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1249–1258
Socioeconomic status and quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: The mediating roles of social support and social constraints
Authors: You Jin , Wang Carol , Yeung Nelson Chun Yiu , Lu Qian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveLiterature has well noted ethnic/racial disparities in cancer survival and cancer care. However, socioeconomic disparities in psychosocial adjustment to breast cancer have garnered little attention. This study addresses the research gap by investigating the associations between socioeconomic indicators (ie, education, annual personal, and household income) and quality of life (QOL) and the mediating roles of social support and social constraints (objective and subjective conditions that constrain individuals from disclosing cancer concerns) in these associations among Chinese American breast cancer survivors (CABCS).MethodsNinety‐six CABCS completed questionnaires assessing these variables.ResultsAfter controlling for stage of cancer, annual personal and household income had indirect effects on QOL through social support, and education showed indirect effect on QOL through social support and social constraints. Subscale analyses indicated that controlling for years of immigration, annual personal and household income showed indirect effect on functional well‐being through social support. When controlling for stage of cancer and income, education showed indirect effects on physical well‐being through social support and social constraints and showed both direct and indirect effects on breast cancer concerns through social constraints.ConclusionThis study suggested that socioeconomic indicators, education, and income could be associated with different aspects of QOL through unique interpersonal mechanisms among CABCS. Our findings implied that increasing social support and reducing social constraints when implementing psychosocial interventions for CABCS may help to address the SES‐related health disparities.
A Novel Method for Prediction of Propellant Shelf‐Life Based on Arrhenius Equation
Authors: Zhao Xin , Rui Xiaoting , Wang Yan , Zhang Ruihua 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe content of diphenylamine (DPA) greatly influences the storage life of a single‐base propellant. According to the aging test, a novel method for establishing the reaction kinetic model based on Arrhenius equation is proposed to describe DPA depletion. The model deduced not only exactly describes the DPA depletion in the test, but also accurately estimates the DPA content at 55 °C, which gives a prediction of the propellant shelf‐life. This research develops a novel model for the reaction kinetic of DPA, and lays a theoretical foundation for the prediction of a propellant shelf‐life.
Implications of sequence and timing of exposure for synergy between the pyrethroid insecticide alpha‐cypermethrin and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Meyling Nicolai V , Arthur Samuel , Pedersen Kathrine E , Dhakal Suraj , Cedergreen Nina , Fredensborg Brian L 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCombining low doses of chemical insecticides with entomopathogens constitutes a sustainable pest control method, but the significance of the timing and sequence of exposures needs clarification. We studied lethal effects of combinations of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (KVL03‐122) and the pyrethroid alpha‐cypermethrin on the beetle Tenebrio molitor under varying timing and sequence of exposure. Synergy over time was evaluated in relation to the model of independent action (IA). We expected that increased progression of disease caused by B. bassiana would make beetles more susceptible to the insecticide, leading to enhanced synergy.RESULTSSynergistic effects between B. bassiana and alpha‐cypermethrin were observed when B. bassiana was applied first, but only when the interval between applications was >48 h. With 72 h between exposures, mortality had increased to 100% after 8 days, in contrast to the 60% mortality expected. No synergy was observed when the insecticide was applied prior to fungal exposure within 24 h.CONCLUSIONThe sequence and timing of exposure do matter to achieve synergistic mortality by combining B. bassiana and alpha‐cypermethrin, and the IA model proved to be a strong tool with which to evaluate the interactions of the two stressors over time. Pest control strategies could include B. bassiana followed by low‐dose exposures to alpha‐cypermethrin after 2–3 days. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Measuring rootworm refuge function: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera emergence and mating in seed blend and strip refuges for Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize
Authors: Taylor Sally , Krupke Christian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrent insect resistance management plans rely on refuges of plants without Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins to provide a gene pool of unexposed insects. Insects from refuges must mate with insects from Bt maize to slow resistance evolution. We used stable isotope labeling to observe Diabrotica virgifera virgifera emergence, dispersal, physical characteristics, and mating in Bt and refuge maize planted in different refuge configurations. Our objective was to assess how refuge type facilitates mating between insects from Bt and refuge plants.RESULTSMating between D. v. virgifera beetles from different plant types was more likely in seed blends compared with strip refuges. Adult D. v. virgifera from refuge plants emerged before those from Bt plants. In strip refuges, D. v. virgifera from refuge plants did not disperse far from refuge boundaries. Larval host plant type did not affect adult size. Larger males and females were more likely to mate. Low proportions of D. v. virgifera from refuge plants were found in 5% seed blend refuges.CONCLUSIONSeed blend refuges can help to facilitate gene flow between D. v. virgifera beetles from Bt and refuge maize, but current approaches do not meaningfully contribute to delaying resistance because numbers of refuge beetles produced are insufficient. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry