bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL BASES OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES
Authors: Koval Oleksii 
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of investment activity of transport and logistics enterprises, which are key participants in the world economy and play an important role in ensuring the efficiency of supply chains. Investments in this area make it possible to modernize infrastructure, introduce the latest technologies and increase productivity, which in turn affects the growth of markets and economic systems. The article focuses on different definitions of the term "investment" presented by such economists as I. Fisher and J. S. Fisher. M. Keynes, emphasizing the importance of strategic development of enterprises in the context of investment activity. The role of investment in ensuring the smooth functioning of supply chains, including infrastructure development, procurement of new transport, automation and digitalization of management processes, is also considered. The key directions of investment in transport and logistics enterprises are described, including the modernization of the transport fleet, the introduction of information technologies, infrastructure improvement and staff training. It is emphasized that the efficient operation of transport is an important factor for the formation of the country's gross domestic product, the development of international relations and the creation of a favorable economic climate. The article also discusses the problems associated with investment activity in Ukraine in the context of hostilities, as well as the need to develop an effective investment policy that will help attract investment and introduce innovations. Statistical data on the structure of capital investments in the transport sector are provided, which indicates the priority directions of investment activity. Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of introducing innovations and modern information technologies to optimize costs, increase efficiency and competitiveness of transport and logistics enterprises. The authors emphasize the need to create new mechanisms for investment and innovative development that will allow the transport sector to adapt to the challenges of our time and achieve strategic goals in the face of competitive competition.
The Generative in the Gospel of John
Authors: Bruckner Isabella , Prenga Eduard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The words and expressions used in the Gospel of John represent not only an immediate connection to its philosophical and liturgical context, but also, and precisely for this reason, a challenge for theology. The article deals with the question of the generative in John, focusing particularly on the Prologue of the Gospel. Founded on a theological exegesis of the verses 14 and 18b, it provides fundamental reflections on the femininity of God as well as on a gender-inclusive understanding of the incarnation. The tools used for this argumentation come from philosophy and linguistics. In a second part the biblical analysis result in a translation of these reflections in the field of spiritual practice and aesthetics, respectively liturgy, since “liturgy” is understood, on the one hand, as a public and communitarian act, and on the other hand as the performativity of the Lógos himself mediated by Christian practice.
A glimpse on health care financing in Nepal
Authors: Subedi Khem Raj 
Published: November 2024

This article highlights the important components of Nepalese healthcare financing and aims at examining the health care financing system in Nepal in terms of share of government health care expenditure per capita, household out-of-pocket expenditure, and ratio of total health care expenditure to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The recent data shows that Government of Nepal allocates meagre 1.11 percent of GDP from government coffer for health care financing where out-of-pocket payment is 3.47percent of GDP and it is about 60 percent of total health care expenditure. It implies that people are heavily dependent on their own source for health care financing. Public Health Expenditure as a percent of Total Health Expenditure 40 percent. Public Expenditure on health as Percent of Total Government Expenditure is 11 percent, Total Health Expenditure (government and out-of-pocket) is 5.8 percent of GDP. The annual per capita government health care expenditure is US$ 44 for 2015. This figure is extremely low in comparison to the other parts of the world like European Union US$ 2192, Western Pacific Region US$ 1338, American Region US$ 1192 even African Region US$114 and South East Asian Region US$ 175 for the same period. This infers that the health care financing in resource-poor country like Nepal relies heavily on household out-of-pocket payments which often results in financial catastrophe for poor and economically vulnerable households. The government needs to make serious effort to bring drastic change in policy priority to improve health care financing to ensure quality change in this sector taking into consideration allocative efficiency and technical efficiency the essential parameters to ensure efficiency in health care financing schemes.
Multi-omic molecular characterization and diagnostic biomarkers for occult hepatitis B infection and HBsAg-positive hepatitis B infection
Authors: Jiang Xinyi , Tian Jinyue , Song Li , Meng Jiao , Yang Zhenkun , Qiao Weizhen , Zou Jian 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe pathological and physiological characteristics between HBsAg-positive HBV infection and occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) are currently unclear. This study aimed to explore the immune microenvironment in the peripheral circulation of OBI patients through integration of proteomic and metabolomic sequencing, and to identify molecular biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of HBsAg-positive HBV and OBI.MethodsThis research involved collection of plasma from 20 patients with OBI (negative for HBsAg but positive for HBV DNA, with HBV DNA levels &lt; 200 IU/mL), 20 patients with HBsAg-positive HBV infection, and 10 healthy individuals. Mass spectrometry-based detection was used to analyze the proteome, while nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed to study the metabolomic phenotypes. Differential molecule analysis, pathway enrichment and functional annotation, as well as weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), were conducted to uncover the characteristics of HBV-related liver disease. Prognostic biomarkers were identified using machine learning algorithms, and their validity was confirmed in a larger cohort using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsHBsAg-positive HBV individuals showed higher ALT levels (p=0.010) when compared to OBI patients. The influence of HBV infection on metabolic functions and inflammation was evident through the analysis of distinct metabolic pathways in HBsAg-positive HBV and OBI groups. Tissue tracing demonstrated a connection between Kupffer cells and HBsAg-positive HBV infection, as well as between hepatocytes and OBI. Immune profiling revealed the correlation between CD4 Tem cells, memory B cells and OBI, enabling a rapid response to infection reactivation through cytokine secretion and antibody production. A machine learning-constructed and significantly expressed molecule-based diagnostic model effectively differentiated HBsAg-positive and OBI groups (AUC values &gt; 0.8). ELISA assay confirmed the elevation of FGB and FGG in OBI samples, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for distinguishing OBI from HBsAg-positive infection.ConclusionsThe immune microenvironment and metabolic status of HBsAg-positive HBV patients and OBI patients vary significantly. The machine learning-based diagnostic model described herein displayed impressive classification accuracy, presenting a non-invasive means of differentiating between OBI and HBsAg-positive HBV infections.
Changes to inflammatory markers during 5 years of viral suppression and during viral blips in people with HIV initiating different integrase inhibitor based regimens
Authors: Funderburg Nicholas T. , Huang Susie S. Y. , Cohen Calvin , Ailstock Kate , Cummings Morgan , Lee Jean C. , Ng Brenda , White Kirsten , Wallin Jeffrey J. , Downie Bryan , McComsey Grace A. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHeightened levels of inflammatory markers are linked to increased morbidity/mortality in people with HIV (PWH) and often remain elevated after virologic suppression by antiretroviral therapy (ART). As new combinations of ART become available, an evaluation of their effects on immune activation and inflammation is warranted. Additionally, it remains unknown whether transient increases in viral load (“blips”) during ART are associated with increases in inflammation.MethodsWe utilized cryopreserved samples from treatment-naïve PWH enrolled in two Phase 3 clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) or dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine (DTG/ABC/3TC) or DTG + F/TAF over a 5-year window (GS-US-380-1489/1490). At week 144, participants were offered the option to switch to open label B/F/TAF for an additional 96 weeks. We measured levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), D-dimer, soluble CD14 (sCD14), and tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 (TNFR1) from available baseline, week 24, 48, 144, and 240 samples (B/F/TAF, N=123; DTG/ABC/3TC, N=62; DTG+F/TAF, N=58). Additional samples from PWH who experienced a viral blip (n=44, defined as a single HIV-1 RNA &gt;50c/mL) were also analyzed and paired with the most recent available suppressed sample before the blip. Longitudinal biomarker changes were assessed using a constrained mixed effects linear regression model adjusting for covariates.ResultsBaseline demographics and selected laboratory characteristics were similar across groups. Levels of D-dimer, sCD14, and TNFR1 decreased significantly from baseline in all treatment arms, with no significant differences between arms at any timepoint. Biomarker levels also remained stable following ART-switch at week 144. No significant changes in hsCRP or IL-6 were observed versus baseline in any arm at any timepoint. A significant association was observed between sCD14 and increasing viral load (p=0.022) in viral blips; D-dimer also increased with blips in the B/F/TAF arm.ConclusionsViral suppression was associated with reductions in most inflammatory markers in PWH, with no significant differences among the three ART regimens during the 144-week randomized period. These decreases were sustained after the open label switch to B/F/TAF. Viral blips were associated with increases in monocyte activation (sCD14). Further analysis is needed to confirm these findings and determine the potential impact on clinical outcomes.
Motherhood and rheumatic disease – a balancing act. A qualitative study on the challenges of mothers with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Nilssen Ingrid Rekaa , Koksvik Hege Svean , Jakobsen Bente , Grønning Kjersti 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveInflammatory arthritis (IA) often come with symptoms of pain, stiffness and fatigue, as well as fluctuating and unpredictable disease patterns. All of these symptoms can cause challenges in the role as a mother for women with IA. The main objective of this study is to gain a broader understanding of how mothers with IA experience motherhood and the challenges they encounter within a biopsychosocial framework.MethodsThe participants in this study were recruited through RevNatus, a Norwegian nationwide quality register. The sample consisted of women with IA who had given birth within the last 5 years. The data consisted of written answers to an open-ended question: “Is there anything, in particular, you have experienced as challenging with being a mother and having a rheumatic disease at the same time”? The data were analysed following Brinkmann and Kvale's qualitative content analysis.Results186 women answered the open-ended question. The responses consisted of a total of 9,000 words. Motherhood with IA was described as a difficult balancing act, with practical and physical challenges affecting day-to-day life, medical dilemmas, as well as challenges on a deeper emotional level and worries for the future.ConclusionThe main finding in this study is that the challenges these women meet are multifactorial and complex, including physical, mental and social issues that have a large impact on their everyday life. Focusing solely on improving medical treatment will not solve the challenges these women face. A multidisciplinary approach and focus on patient education and self-management strategies is important to help these women thrive in their role as mothers with IA.
Ultrasound versus computed tomography guided percutaneous needle biopsy for subpleural pulmonary lesions
Authors: Zhou Yaoyao , Wang Xuhong , Han Rui , Zhang Shengmin 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundSub-pleural pulmonary lesions (SPLs) can be diagnosed by percutaneous needle biopsy (PNB) guided by both computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US). This investigation aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy and safety between US- and CT-guided PNB for SPLs.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed SPL patients who underwent CT- or US-guided PNB in our hospital between January 2022 to January 2023. Furthermore, the technical success rates, duration of procedure, diagnostic yield, diagnostic accuracy, pneumothorax rates, and hemoptysis rates were compared between the 2 groups. Pneumothorax risk factors were assessed via the univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests.ResultsThe data indicated that 213 patients who underwent CT- (n = 108) or US-guided (n = 105) PNB diagnosis had SPLs at the final diagnosis. Furthermore, both groups indicated similar operation times (20.1 ± 8.1 min vs. 19.9 ± 6.9 min, p = 0.793). The diagnostic accuracy and yield of the US group were 100% and 64.8%, respectively, whereas those of the CT group were 99.1% and 72.2%, respectively. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in diagnostic accuracy (p = 1.000) and diagnostic yield (p = 0.561) between the 2 groups. The CT group indicated markedly higher rates of chest tube insertion (6.5% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.014) and pneumothorax (24.1% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.001) than the US group. However, the hemoptysis rates were comparable between the 2 groups (2.7% vs. 2.9%, p = 1.000). In addition, CT guidance was the independent risk factor of pneumothorax (p = 0.003).ConclusionsIn summary, this research indicated that both US- and CT-guided PNB have high diagnostic accuracy for SPLs. However, US guidance may provide better safety than CT guidance.
Efficacy and safety of complement inhibitors in patients with geographic atrophy associated with age-related macular degeneration: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Huan , Zheng Jiaqi , Zhang Qing , Tian Zhongping , Sun Yuhang , Zhu Tianyi , Bi Yanlong , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceClinical trials in recent years have shown significant effectiveness of complement inhibitors for geographic atrophy (GA) treatment. Two complement inhibitor drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Objectiveto compare and rank the different complement inhibitors in the treatment of GA secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Data sourcesA systematic literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Central, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, LWW Medical Journals, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP from inception to October 2023.Study selectionAll randomized clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of complement inhibitors in patients diagnosed with secondary GA in AMD were identified.Data extraction and synthesisThis study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) network meta-analysis Checklist of Items and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for assessing the study quality. Multiple authors independently coded all titles and abstracts, reviewed full-text articles against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and resolved all discrepancies by consensus. Random-effects network meta-analyses were applied. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using the BUGSnet package in R (4.2.0).Main outcomes and measuresThe primary efficacy outcome was the change in GA lesion size (mm2) from baseline to month 12. The secondary efficacy outcome was the mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to month 12. Safety outcome measures included the number of subjects with serious adverse events (SAEs) and macular neovascularization (MNV).ResultsTen randomized controlled trials including 4,405 participants and five complement inhibitors were identified. Comparison with sham and SUCRA analysis showed that avacincaptad pegol 2 mg (MD: −0.58, 95% CrI: −0.97 to −0.18, SUCRA: 93.55), pegcetacoplan monthly (MD: −0.38, 95% CrI: −0.57 to −0.20, SUCRA: 81.37), and pegcetacoplan every other month (MD: −0.30, 95% CrI: −0.49 to −0.11, SUCRA: 70.16) have significant changes in GA lesion reduction. No treatments showed significant changes in BCVA and SAE compared with sham. Pegcetacoplan monthly (OR: 4.30, 95% CrI: 1.48–16.72) increased the risk of MNV. Avacincaptad pegol 2 mg demonstrated favorable outcomes in terms of SAE and MNV.Conclusion and relevanceAvacincaptad pegol 2 mg is the most effective complement inhibitor with better safety for the treatment of GA secondary to AMD.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022351515, Identifier PROSPERO CRD42022351515.
ER stress-induced YAP upregulation leads to chondrocyte phenotype loss in age-related osteoarthritis
Authors: Gao Yanchun , Wei Haifeng , Peng Xiaoyuan , Wang Chenchen , Zhu Hongyi , Yin Junhui 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, leading to pain and restricted mobility. Age-related endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of OA, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between age-related ER stress, YAP overexpression, and chondrocyte phenotype loss in the development of OA.MethodsCartilage samples were collected from patients undergoing amputation, and age-related ER stress markers and YAP expression were assessed using immunohistochemical staining and qPCR. Transgenic mice with cartilage-specific YAP overexpression (YAPOE) were created, and Pamrevlumab was administered to evaluate its therapeutic effects.ResultsHigher expression of ER stress markers and YAP were showed in aged tissues compared to younger tissues. YAP overexpression led to decreased levels of cartilage phenotype markers and increased osteogenesis-related proteins. In vivo, YAPOE mice exhibited OA-like cartilage degeneration, which was mitigated by Pamrevlumab treatment.ConclusionAge-related ER stress induces YAP overexpression, contributing to OA pathogenesis. Pamrevlumab effectively prevents this phenotype loss in YAPOE mice, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for OA. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of OA and highlight the importance of targeting the ER stress-YAP-CTGF signaling pathway in OA treatment and prevention.
An integrative study on the green cultural industry and its determinants in Jiangsu province, China under the cultural revitalization initiative: a global perspective
Authors: Ding Yaoyao , Zhang Rong , Zou Yuntao 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionsThe cultural industry is pivotal in promoting sustainable economic development. This study aims to evaluate the economic efficiency of the cultural industry in Jiangsu Province by establishing a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model and analyzing influencing factors using the Tobit model, all within the broader context of China’s cultural industry.MethodsA DEA model was developed to assess the economic efficiency of the cultural industry across Chinese provinces, allowing for a comparative analysis of performance. The Tobit regression model was utilized to investigate factors influencing these efficiency outcomes, with a particular emphasis on inter-provincial comparisons to understand the position and challenges faced by Jiangsu’s cultural industry.ResultsDespite Jiangsu’s cultural industry ranking among the largest in scale nationally, its economic efficiency is only moderate, consistently experiencing diminishing returns to scale. The study identifies low scale efficiency, small enterprise size, and suboptimal urbanization processes within the province as the main issues.DiscussionThe inefficiencies highlighted by the DEA model suggest a misalignment between the scale of operations and the economic outputs in Jiangsu’s cultural industry. Urbanization emerges as a crucial factor, with current practices not sufficiently supporting the growth potential of the cultural sector.ConclusionBased on these findings, the study proposes targeted policy recommendations for Jiangsu, including avoiding blind scale expansion, adjusting industrial structures, encouraging enterprise consolidation and optimization, and identifying new growth areas to better support the cultural industry’s development and contribute to sustainable economic progress.
Examining the components of freedom values in contemporary Chinese society
Authors: Zhang Yue , Huang Heshui , Tian Jiao 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis research paper delves into the structure and connotation of freedom values within contemporary Chinese society, taking into account the historical, societal, and cultural context.MethodsTo achieve this, a multifaceted approach was adopted, integrating literature analysis, focus group interviews, in-depth interviews, and questionnaire surveys.ResultsThe study culminated in the development of a comprehensive conceptual model comprising five distinct dimensions: behavior within boundaries, independence without interference, autonomy with responsibility, rights with guarantee, and equality without domination.DiscussionThis conceptual model successfully consolidates the prevailing consensus on freedom values among the Chinese populace, offering a robust framework for the propagation and nurturing of freedom within Chinese society. The insights gleaned from this research deepen our comprehension of freedom values and furnish valuable guidance for academics, policymakers, and practitioners keen on advancing freedom and societal well-being.