bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A startup’s strategy: doing good sets the stage for doing well
Authors: Grossberg Kenneth Alan 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Maor Zlotzever, a 32-year-old Israeli entrepreneur, was inspired to devote himself to his startup, Axios, by a youthful dream of giving customers genuine value that will improve lives.

Design/methodology/approach
This case looks at an entrepreneurial non-profit innovator diversifying into the hydroponics market.

Findings
Maor began working on the development of Axios’ hydroponics division as a way to maximize the production capacity of facilities for growing food plants without soil. He and his team designed a simple modular system that requires no computer and can be adapted to use solar power or biogas to drive the hydroponics pump and be energy-neutral. The compact system will sell for much less than competitors’ devices and requires very little “hands on” adjustment while the vegetables are growing.

Practical implications
Maor learned several lessons through his efforts to obtain resources for his project: organizations that position themselves as promoters of the entrepreneurial community often were not inclined to devote resources to idealistic inventions. In contrast, large, supposedly less entrepreneurial organizations like the Ministry of Education, Haifa University and the Israel Institute of Technology, as well as reformist groups like the green organizations, offered support, aid and encouragement.

Social implications
As Steve Jobs said, “People who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do.”

Originality/value
In theory, financial success follows continuous innovation to provide unique value to customers. So far an entrepreneurial innovator intent on doing good by giving customers genuine value that will improve lives is learning to succeed.
Younger workers’ attitudes and perceptions towards older colleagues
Authors: Patel Jasmine , Tinker Anthea , Corna Laurie 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate younger workers’ perceptions of older colleagues, including whether there is evidence of ageism.

Design/methodology/approach
Convenience sampling was used to recruit ten individuals who were both below the age of 35 and employed at a multigenerational workplace in England. The study is qualitative, involving semi-structured interviews that were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings
This study found that whilst some younger employees valued working with older colleagues as they believe that their differing characteristics are complementary, others felt that it leads to intergenerational conflict due to contrasting approaches towards work. Positive perceptions of older workers included their increased knowledge and experience, reliability and better social skills; however, ageism was also prevalent, such as the perception of older workers as resistant to change, slower at using technology and lacking the drive to progress. This study also provided evidence for the socioemotional selectivity and social identity theories.

Research limitations/implications
This study has a small sample size and participants were only recruited from London.

Practical implications
In order to create working environments that are conducive to the well-being of employees of all ages, organisations should place an emphasis on reducing intergenerational tension. This could be achieved by team building sessions that provide an opportunity for individuals to understand generational differences.

Originality/value
There is minimal evidence from the UK focussing on the perceptions of specifically younger workers towards older colleagues and the basis of their attitudes. Only by gaining an insight into their attitudes and the reasoning behind them, can efforts be made to decrease ageism.
The fly factor phenomenon is mediated by interkingdom signaling between bacterial symbionts and their blow fly hosts
Authors: Uriel Yonathan , Gries Regine , Tu Lorna , Carroll Cassandra , Zhai Huimin , Moore Margo , Gries Gerhard 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe tested the recent hypothesis that the “fly factor” phenomenon (food currently or previously fed on by flies attracts more flies than the same type of food kept inaccessible to flies) is mediated by bacterial symbionts deposited with feces or regurgitated by feeding flies. We allowed laboratory‐reared black blow flies, Phormia regina (Meigen), to feed and defecate on bacterial Luria–Bertani medium solidified with agar, and isolated seven morphologically distinct bacterial colonies. We identified these using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In two‐choice laboratory experiments, traps baited with cultures of Proteus mirabilis Hauser, Morganella morganii subsp. sibonii Jensen, or Serratia marcescens Bizio, captured significantly more flies than corresponding control jars baited with tryptic soy agar only. A mixture of seven bacterial strains as a trap bait was more attractive to flies than a single bacterial isolate (M. m. sibonii). In a field experiment, traps baited with agar cultures of P. mirabilis and M. m. sibonii in combination captured significantly more flies than traps baited with either bacterial isolate alone or the agar control. As evident by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, the odor profiles of bacterial isolates differ, which may explain the additive effect of bacteria to the attractiveness of bacterial trap baits. As “generalist bacteria,” P. mirabilis and M. m. sibonii growing on animal protein (beef liver) or plant protein (tofu) are similarly effective in attracting flies. Bacteria‐derived airborne semiochemicals appear to mediate foraging by flies and to inform their feeding and oviposition decisions.
Radiocephalic Fistula Recovery Using the Brachial Vein and Forearm Basilic Vein: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Norton de Matos António , Sousa Clemente N , Almeida Paulo , Teles Paulo , Rego Duarte , Teixeira Gabriela , Loureiro Luís , Teixeira Sérgio , Antunes Inês 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVascular access dysfunction is a serious problem in dialysis units. Some patients have complex dysfunctions that are difficult to resolve. In this article, we report the case a of two patients with radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (RC‐AVF) who had stenosis/occlusion of the forearm median vein and where we used the basilic vein of the forearm as a solution. We reviewed the use of this surgical solution in RC‐AVF. Two male patients on hemodialysis exhibited stenosis/occlusion of the forearm median vein. The forearm basilic vein was isolated and rotated toward the forearm median vein in order to solve RC‐AVF problems. One patient had fistula thrombosis 5 months after the procedure, while for the other patient, the fistula continues to work without problems. Literature describes only a few cases using the forearm basilic vein or the brachial vein for fistula recovery. This procedure increased the patency of fistulas. This approach has been proven to be a good solution for solving outflow problems using the superficial or deep veins, increasing fistula patency and avoiding the need to place a central venous catheter and all the related complications.
Computed tomography‐guided hook wire localization facilitates video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery of pulmonary ground‐glass nodules
Authors: Li Chunhai , Liu Bo , Jia Haipeng , Dong Zhenyu , Meng Hong 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThis retrospectively study was conducted to assess the efficiency and safety of computed tomography (CT)‐guided hook wire localization of pulmonary ground‐glass nodules (GGNs) prior to video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).MethodsFrom 2015 to 2018, a total of 86 patients with 86 pulmonary GGNs underwent preoperative CT‐guided hook wire localization before VATS. The technical details and clinicopathological findings were analyzed.ResultsAll 86 pulmonary GGNs (25 pure GGNs and 61 part‐solid GGNs) were successfully located and resected. The mean diameter of the GGNs was 1.4 ± 0.4 cm (range 0.6–2.2) and the mean lesion distance to the pleural surface was 7.3 ± 4.3 mm (range 2–19). Complications of hook wire marking included asymptomatic minor pneumothorax in 21 patients (24%) and focal pulmonary hemorrhage in 18 (21%). The median hook wire localization time was 19.1 minutes (range 10–30) and the median VATS time was 49 minutes (range 28–89). Pathology revealed 72 precancerous lesions or primary lung adenocarcinomas, 5 metastatic tumors, and 9 benign lesions.ConclusionsPreoperative localization of small pulmonary GGNs using CT‐guided hook wire was efficient and safe prior to VATS resection.
Estimating recruitment from capture–recapture data by modelling spatio‐temporal variation in birth and age‐specific survival rates
Authors: Chandler Richard B. , Engebretsen Kristin , Cherry Michael J. , Garrison Elina P. , Miller Karl V. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Understanding the factors influencing recruitment in animal populations is an important objective of many research and conservation programmes. However, evaluating hypotheses is challenging because recruitment is the outcome of birth and survival processes that are difficult to directly observe. Capture–recapture is the most general framework for estimating recruitment in the presence of observation error, but existing methods ignore the underlying birth and survival processes, as well as age effects and spatial variation in vital rates.

We present an individual‐based, spatio‐temporal model that can be fit to capture–recapture data to draw inferences on the birth and survival processes governing recruitment dynamics. The number, dates, and spatial distribution of births are modelled as outcomes of a point process, and survival is modelled using a failure time approach. Survival parameters can be modelled as functions of individuals traits and time‐varying, spatial covariates. Continuous‐ and discrete‐time formulations are possible. We demonstrate the model using 7 months of camera data collected on white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus fawns in Big Cypress National Preserve. Spot patterns were used to individually identify 28 fawns, detected 1,454 times between December 1, 2015 and July 1, 2016.

A total of 37 (95% CI: 30–49) fawns were born, of which 16 (95% CI: 10–23) survived 180 days to the recruitment age. Mean parturition date was February 14 (95% CI: February 6–February 22), much earlier than in more temperate parts of the species’ range, but coinciding with the dry season in southern Florida. We found little evidence that mortality rates decreased with age, but the estimate of the age effect was imprecise. In contrast, we found strong evidence that encounter rates were age‐specific and increased rapidly over the first month of life as fawns became more mobile.

Our case study demonstrates the potential of this new model for advancing knowledge of spatial population dynamics by providing insights into the birth and juvenile survival processes that influence recruitment. Because the model can be applied to data from noninvasive survey methods such as camera trapping, it is possible to apply it at broad spatial scales to understand how environmental variables and predator communities influence recruitment.
From Madonna to Marx: Towards a Re‐theorisation of Homelessness
Authors: Hennigan Brian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHomeless people, so the story goes, are regularly excluded from spaces of consumption because they offend customers. For a significant portion of homelessness scholarship, such exclusion is the point of departure for subsequent analysis. Others, by examining homelessness within these consumption spaces, theorise that anti‐homeless policies and attitudes emerge because homeless people cannot or have not properly consumed (e.g. nice clothes, housing). This article, conversely, argues that homeless people's “offensiveness” derives from their relation to production (rather than consumption), from their class position. Homeless people's spatial incongruity, specifically, originates in their apparent unproductivity, their violation of the capitalist law of value and its ideological justifications. This historical materialist analysis is not only more revealing, it also positions homeless people as a working class faction in need of political organising rather than an abstract population in need of pitiful charity.
Adverse childhood experiences, daily worries, and positive thoughts: A daily diary multi‐wave study
Authors: Arbel Reout , Schacter Hannah L. , Kazmierski Kelly F. M. , Daspe Marie‐Ève , Margolin Gayla 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo examine adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as a prospective predictor of the day‐to‐day associations between worries and positive thinking among late adolescents.MethodCumulative ACEs were measured from parent and youth reports between the ages of 9.9 and 18.1. Late adolescents (N = 103) reported daily worries and positive thoughts across ten days.ResultsAdverse childhood experiences predicted higher and more variable levels of day‐to‐day worry. Increases in positive thinking on one day predicted less next‐day worry for adolescents with low, but not high, ACE scores.ConclusionsDaily worry during late adolescence may be an important consequence of earlier exposure to ACEs. Early interventions focused on worry reduction and improved emotion regulation might mitigate worry among high‐ACE youth.
Retrospective radiographic observational study of 1692 Straumann tissue‐level dental implants over 10 years. II. Marginal bone stability
Authors: Kang Myung‐Hun , Jung Ui‐Won , Cho Kyoo‐Sung , Lee Jung‐Seok 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundDespite accumulating evidence for the longitudinal stability of the marginal bone level around an implant, there is limited evidence of predisposing risk factors for marginal bone loss based on some implants in a relatively large patient population.PurposeThe aim of this study was to retrospectively determine the marginal bone loss around Straumann tissue‐level dental implants during follow‐up periods among which the maximum lasts up to 10 years, as well as the predisposing risk factors for peri‐implant marginal bone loss.Materials and MethodsThis study analyzed 1692 Straumann tissue‐level dental implants in 881 patients, and relevant data were collected. The peri‐implant marginal bone level was measured on periodic radiographs, and the changes in bone level were analyzed cumulatively from surgery until up to 10 years later. The log‐rank test was used to select candidate critical risk factors for marginal bone loss, and multivariate analysis using Cox regression with the shared frailty model was performed.ResultsThe overall peri‐implant bone loss was 0.07 ± 0.21mm, 0.09 ± 0.26mm, 0.14 ± 0.41mm, and 0.17 ± 0.45mm at 3, 5, 7, and 9 years, respectively. Only 14 implants showed pathologic marginal bone loss exceeding 2mm during the follow‐up period. While 2 implants were removed with continuous progressive marginal bone loss, 5 of the 14 implants showed early bone loss exceeding 1mm within the first year but then subsequently tended to show a stable marginal bone level. In the other seven implants, bone loss started after the first year and progressed continuously. Multivariate analysis revealed that diameter of the implant affected the peri‐implant marginal bone loss.ConclusionsStraumann tissue‐level dental implants showed only slight peri‐implant marginal bone loss, with a very low incidence of pathologic marginal bone loss exceeding 2mm.
The prosthetic abutment height can affect marginal bone loss around dental implants
Authors: Lee Bo‐Ah , Kim Byoung‐Heon , Kweon Helen H.I. , Kim Young‐Taek 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundMarginal bone loss (MBL) is considered an important determinant of implant success, and establishing the peri‐implant biological width has been regarded to influence MBL around implants. However, few studies have attempted to show the relationship between the crown/abutment gap and MBL.PurposeTo evaluate the effect of the prosthetic abutment height on MBL of dental implants.Materials and MethodsThis study evaluated data which were retrospectively collected through chart and panoramic radiographs of 145 patients (78 males and 67 females; aged 19 to 79 years, mean age 54.1 years) in whom 273 implants were placed by a single clinician between June 2009 and December 2014. The abutment height and the bone level were measured in digital panorama radiographs. All correlations between abutment height and MBL were analyzed using Spearman's test (P < .05).ResultsThe 273 implants comprised 126 in 67 female patients and 147 in 78 male patients. The mean age of the patients was 54.1 years (range 19‐79 years). The prevalence of MBL and the mean MBL decreased as the abutment height increased. Spearman's test showed a significant negative correlation between abutment height and MBL (P < .05).ConclusionThe present study suggests that implants with a higher prosthetic abutment show less MBL, with the abutment height recommended to not exceed 4 mm.
A randomized controlled clinical trial assessing initial crestal bone remodeling of implants with a different surface roughness
Authors: Glibert Maarten , Matthys Carine , Maat Robert‐Jan , De Bruyn Hugo , Vervaeke Stijn 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeThe aim of current split‐mouth study is to compare crestal bone loss of hybrid with moderately rough implants in patients with a bar‐supported mandibular overdenture.Materials and MethodsFully edentulous patients were enrolled for treatment with implant‐supported overdentures. Each patient received two implants of which one moderately rough (Sa: 1.3 μm) and one hybrid surface implant (moderately rough implant body [Sa: 1.3 μm] and a minimally rough implant neck [Sa: 0.9 μm]). Beside the difference in implant surface the two implants are identical. After 3 and 12 months, peri‐apical radiographs were taken to assess crestal bone levels and a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used for pairwise comparison.ResultsForty‐two implants were placed in 21 patients and no failures occurred after 1 year. An overall mean crestal bone loss of 0.40 mm (SD: 0.76; range: 0‐3.93) and 0.35 mm (SD: 0.59; range: 0‐2.56) was registered after a mean follow‐up of 3.4 and 15.8 months. There was no statistical significant difference in crestal bone loss between the different implant surfaces or between the different time intervals.ConclusionFrom this randomized controlled trial, it can be concluded that hybrid surface implants may be a viable alternative for implant treatment in the edentulous mandible.
Young adult pregnancy status and the risk of developing overweight and obesity among women and men
Authors: Mamun A. A. , McIntyre D. H. , Najman J. M. , Williams G. M. , Khatun M. , Finlay J. , Callaway L. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPregnancies can end in miscarriage, birth or termination. Although it is well known that pregnancy results in weight gain across the life course, it is unknown whether pregnancies which end in termination and miscarriage contribute to this. The study used a sub‐sample of 3630 adult offspring from the original cohort of the Mater University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP) and its outcomes, in Brisbane, Australia. Anthropometric data were measured at 5, 14 and 21 years of age and experience of pregnancy including termination, miscarriage and births were self‐reported at 21 years. Multivariable analyses were conducted to determine whether pregnancy status of young people independently associated with overweight or obesity status. The women who had at least one birth were more likely to have overweight (odds ratio [OR] 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 2.27) or obese (OR 2.38; 95% CI: 1.58, 3.59) compared to women who did not experience any pregnancy. Women whose pregnancies were terminated or miscarried were at the same risk of overweight or obesity as women who did not experience any pregnancy. For men, there is no association between the pregnancies in their partners and the mean difference in their body mass index. Young women whose pregnancies result in a birth, but not terminations or miscarriages, are at greater risk of having overweight or obesity following the birth.
Prophylactic closed‐incision negative‐pressure wound therapy is associated with decreased surgical site infection in high‐risk colorectal surgery laparotomy wounds
Authors: Curran T. , Alvarez D. , Pastrana Del Valle J. , Cataldo T. E. , Poylin V. , Nagle D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimSurgical site infection in colorectal surgery is associated with significant healthcare costs, which may be reduced by using a closed‐incision negative‐pressure therapy device. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of closed‐incision negative‐pressure therapy on the incidence of surgical site infection.MethodIn this retrospective cohort study we evaluated all patients who had undergone high‐risk open colorectal surgery at a single tertiary care centre from 2012 to 2016. We compared the incidence of surgical site infection between those receiving standard postoperative wound care between 2012 and 2014 and those receiving closed‐incision negative‐pressure therapy via a customizable device (Prevena Incision Management System, KCI, an Acelity company, San Antonio, Texas, USA) between 2014 and 2016. A validated surgical site infection risk score was used to create a 1:1 matched cohort subset.ResultsNegative pressure therapy was used in 77 patients and compared with 238 controls. Negative pressure patients were more likely to have a stoma (92% vs 48%, P < 0.01) and to be smokers (33% vs 15%, P < 0.01). Surgical site infection was higher in control patients (15%, n = 35/238) compared with negative pressure patients (7%, n = 5/77) (P = 0.05). On regression analysis, negative pressure therapy was associated with decreased surgical site infection (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.09–0.78). These differences persisted in the matched analysis.ConclusionNegative pressure therapy was associated with decreased surgical site infection. Negative pressure therapy offers significant potential for quality improvement.
Isolation of internal and external sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter with or without radiotherapy
Authors: Son I. T. , Lee H. S. , Ihn M. H. , Lee K. H. , Kim D.‐W. , Lee K.‐W. , Kim J.‐S. , Kang S.‐B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimWe aimed to isolate and propagate internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter, with or without radiotherapy, for tailored cell therapy of faecal incontinence.MethodsSphincter progenitor cells were isolated from normal internal and external anal sphincters collected from 10 patients with rectal cancer who had undergone abdominoperineal resection with (n = 6) or without (n = 4) preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The isolated cells and differentiated muscle fibres were identified using immunofluorescence assay, western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The proliferation of progenitor cells with and without radiotherapy was compared by quantitative 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.ResultsThe immunofluorescence assay before differentiation confirmed that the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and neural‐glial antigen 2 (NG2), whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and PAX7. After differentiation, the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, calponin and α‐smooth muscle actin, whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, myogenic factor 4 and myosin heavy chain. The differential expression profiles of both cell types were confirmed by western blotting and RT‐PCR. MTT assays showed that the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells was significantly lower in the radiotherapy group than that in the nonradiotherapy group.ConclusionsThis study describes the differential harvest internal and external sphincter muscle progenitor cells from human anal sphincters. We confirm that radiotherapy decreases the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells.