bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Drug Logistics Management in The Pharmacy Installation of Surya Insani Hospital Pasir Pangaraian Rokan Hulu Regency
Authors: Lumbangaol Sik Fikal , Samran  
Published: November 2024

Background: The availability of drugs currently creates demand for medical services. Drug logistics management in hospitals includes stages such as planning, procurement, storage, distribution, processing, evaluation and monitoring, and are interdependent on each other so that they must be well coordinated so that each stage can run optimally. Objectives: Knowing the Implementation of Drug Logistics Management in Hospital Pharmacy Installations Surya Insani Research method: Qualitative descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. Results: In the input component, There is a positive and significant relationship between training and employee performance. To ensure the quality of supplies and extend the life of equipment, there must be a sufficient budget for purchasing drugs and maintaining drug storage facilities and other related equipment. Guaranteed to be sensitive to measurements and meet requirements, lighting, and calibrate certain equipment annually. In the Process component, planning, procurement, storage, distribution, processing, control. The composition of output, the availability of drugs at the Surya Insani is in accordance with demand, but there are still some drugs that are sometimes not available because the distributor or PBF warehouse runs out of stock. The results of the study also showed that the adequacy of planned drugs and the number of drugs available during the inventory period are important and appropriate when needed. In addition, at the Surya Insani Pasir Pangaraian Hospital. There are still many damaged or expired drugs. This shows that drug management, both input and drug administration processes, still need to be evaluated so that drug management at the Surya Insani Pasir Pangaraian Hospital can be effective and efficient. Conclusion: The availability of drugs at the Pharmacy Installation of Surya Insani Hospital is in accordance with needs.
Formulation of Cushion Preparations from Duck Egg Shells and SPF Value Testing Using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method
Authors: Fitriyana Rahma , Fauzi Muhammad , Ramadhani Juwita 
Published: November 2024

The effectiveness of a sunscreen can be indicated by the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF), which is defined as the amount of UV energy needed. Cream is a semi-solid dosage from containing one or more medicinal ingredients dissolved or dispersed in a suitable base material. One of the compounds contained in eggshells is CaCO3. Calcium carbonate is necessary for cell regeneration and as a barrier to ultaviolet (UV) rays. This study aims to determine the potential SPF in duck eggshell, the SPF value contained in the cushion and the physical properties of the cushion preparation. Here, three variations of duck egg shell flour concentrations (4%, 8% and 16%) were made, tested in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry from a wavelength of 290-320 nm every 5 nm and the absorbance was measured and the properties were tested. and physical stability (organoleptic, pH, spreadability, stickiness, viscosity, centrifugation, and Freeze-Thaw Cycling for 6 days (3 cycles) at temperatures of 40°C and 4°C). Our research results show that the duck egg shell formulation cannot be used as an SPF product. Formula 1 has an SPF value of 2.6, formula 2 has an SPF value of 3.3 and formula 3 has an SPF value of 3. The test results for the properties and stability of formula 2 with a concentration of 8% duck egg shell flour show the most stable results compared to the other 2 formulas
La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) como herramienta de predicción de la cultura financiera de un país
Authors: Borreguero Arias David , Gómez Martínez Raúl , Alard Josemaría Julio , Prado Román Camilo 
Published: November 2024

La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) presenta actualmente diferentes aplicaciones que permiten a través del procesamiento de datos, la posibilidad de aprender, predecir y adoptar soluciones en diferentes campos de conocimiento, entre los que se encuentra el ámbito financiero. Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la capacidad de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y el aprendizaje supervisado para predecir el nivel de cultura financiera que poseen los individuos de un país. Para ello se proponen 11 predictores previamente seleccionados por su posible influencia en la cultura financiera y se comparan con la variable objetivo (nivel de cultura financiera). Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que cada uno de los 11 predictores a nivel individual se correlacionan con el nivel de cultura financiera que cada individuo afirma tener. En este sentido se evidencia con carácter general una percepción, alta o muy alta de la variable objetivo. No obstante, atendiendo a la precisión del modelo el trabajo pone en evidencia que a medida que el número de predictores es menor la precisión del modelo disminuye.
Dual Benefits of Tirzepatide: Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Efficacy: A Mini review
Authors: Praveen Sriram , Sarma Ananya 
Published: November 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus and obesity are two linked conditions that have reached epidemic proportions globally. According to a study published in 2023 by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) , India has 10.1 crore people with diabetes. The prevalence of obesity, especially abdominal obesity is increasing continuously due to the intake of foods that are high in carbohydrates and processed foods. Obesity can cause inflammation, insulin resistance, and pancreas overload which lead to diabetes mellitus.
Main Body: The present - review focuses on the medicinal chemistry, organic chemistry and pharmacological aspects of trizepatide. Trizepatide is a new chemical moiety that shows dual agonist activity of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) receptors and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide(GIP).Trizepatide is a synthetic peptide that constitutes 39 amino acids. Trizepatide has a potent hypoglycemic effect , and it has antiobesity effects because of its adverse effect.
Conclusion : Trizepatide's capacity to lower blood sugar and promote weight loss makes it an effective treatment for these conditions. Further research will confirm its safety and long-term advantages.
Keywords : Trizepatide , Diabetes mellitus , Obesity, Hypoglycaemia
Employing topology optimization method to create optimum telecommunication tower design structure
Authors: Sahib Amjed Yousif , Assad Ali , Mohammed Osamah Malik , ALRikabi Haider TH. Salim 
Published: November 2024

Recently, the employment of topology optimization (TO) in structural engineering design has gained a significant structural performance, also, TO is employed by designers for developing aesthetically and efficient buildings. In this work, TO is employed to design novel and rigged structures of communication towers. The way that the TO algorithm works is to intelligently create the 3D model by preserving architectural features with tradeoffs between the stiffness and weight ratio. The present work focuses on the investigation of creating optimal self-supported communication towers. Results concerning the prime observation of optimization analyses and the potential benefits of TO in designing telecommunication tower lattices are drawn.
Clusters, Clumps, Dust, and Gas (CCDG) in NGC 1614: Benchmarking Cluster Demographics in Extreme Systems
Authors: Caputo Miranda , Chandar Rupali , Mok Angus , Linden Sean , Goudfrooij Paul , Whitmore Bradley C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Observations of young star clusters in a variety of galaxies have been used to constrain basic properties related to star formation, such as the fraction of stars found in clusters (Γ) and the shape of the cluster mass function (CMF). However, the results can depend heavily on the reliability of the cluster age-dating process and other assumptions. One of the biggest challenges for successful age-dating lies in breaking the age–reddening degeneracy, where older, dust-free clusters and young, reddened clusters can have similar broadband colors. While this degeneracy affects cluster populations in all galaxies, it is particularly challenging in systems with dusty, extreme star-forming environments. We study the cluster demographics in the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 1614 using Hubble Space Telescope imaging taken in eight optical–near-infrared passbands. For age-dating, we adopt a spectral energy distribution fitting process that limits the maximum allowed reddening by region and includes Hα photometry directly. We find that without these assumptions essentially all clusters in the dust-free UV-bright arm that should have ages ≈50–250 Myr are incorrectly assigned ages younger than 10 Myr. We find that this method greatly reduces the number of clusters in the youngest (τ < 10 Myr) age bin and shows a fairly uniform distribution of massive clusters, the most massive being ≈few × 107
M
⊙. A maximum likelihood fit shows that the CMF is well fitted by a power law with an index of approximately −1.8, with no statistically significant high-mass cutoff. We calculate the fraction of stars born in clusters to be Γ1−10 = 22.4% ± 5.7%. The fraction of stars in clusters decreases quickly over time, with Γ10−100 = 4.5% ± 1.1% and Γ100−400 = 1.7% ± 0.4%, suggesting that clusters dissolve rapidly over the first ∼0.5 Gyr. The decreasing fraction of stars in clusters is consistent with the declining shape observed for the cluster age distribution.
The Discovery and Evolution of a Radio Continuum and Excited-OH Spectral-line Outburst in the Nearby Galaxy NGC 660
Authors: Salter C. J. , Ghosh T. , Minchin R. F. , Momjian E. , Catinella B. , Lebron M. , Lerner M. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Arecibo 305 m Telescope observations between 2008 and 2018 detected a radio continuum and spectral-line outburst in the nearby galaxy, NGC 660. Excited-OH maser emission/absorption lines near 4.7 GHz, and H2CO absorption at 4.83 GHz varied on timescales of months. Simultaneously, a continuum outburst occurred in which a new compact component appeared, with a GHz-peaked spectrum and a 5 GHz flux density that rose to a peak value of about 500 mJy from 2008.0 to 2012.0. Follow-up interferometric continuum images from the Very Large Array at 10 GHz of this new continuum component determined it to be located at the nucleus of NGC 660. Subsequent High Sensitivity Array line and continuum very long baseline interferometry observations of the NGC 660 nucleus revealed a morphology that appears to be consistent with rapidly precessing, mildly relativistic jets from the central black hole. While requiring detailed modeling, this strongly suggests that the outburst is due to nuclear activity. From its timescale, the shape of the continuum light curve, and the milliarcsec radio structure, the most likely cause of the outburst is active galactic nuclei-type activity of accretion of a gas cloud onto the central black hole.
Extinction of Taurus, Orion, Perseus and California Molecular Clouds Based on the LAMOST, 2MASS, and Gaia Surveys. II. The Extinction Law
Authors: Cao 曹 ZheTai 哲泰 , Jiang 姜 Biwei 碧沩 , Wang 王 Shu 舒 , Li 李 Jun 军 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The extinction law from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR; 0.2–24 μm) is determined by relying on the blue-edge method and color-excess ratios for some nearby molecular clouds, from the low-mass star-forming region to the massive star-forming region. The observational data are collected from nine photometric surveys, along with stellar parameters from the Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment and LAMOST spectroscopic surveys. Within the uncertainties, the optical ratio of selective to total extinction (

R

G

BP

) does not vary substantially across the clouds, irrespective of the density, specifically

R

G

BP

=
2.302
±
0.027

, where

R

G

BP

≡

A

G

BP

/

E

G

BP

,

G

RP

. The IR extinction law is consistent with Wang & Chen. The extinction law in the UV band is compromised by the shallow depth with A
V ≤ 2 mag and is hard to describe by one parameter R. In addition, the extinction in the WISE/W1 band is significantly larger than in the Spitzer/IRAC1 band in the dense regions, which is attributed to the ice water absorption.
Widespread Rapid Quenching at Cosmic Noon Revealed by JWST Deep Spectroscopy
Authors: Park Minjung , Belli Sirio , Conroy Charlie , Johnson Benjamin D. , Davies Rebecca L. , Leja Joel , Tacchella Sandro , Mendel J. Trevor , Benton Chloë , Bugiani Letizia , Emami Razieh , Khoram Amir H. , Li Yijia , Maheson Gabriel , Mathews Elijah P. , Naidu Rohan P. , Nelson Erica J. , Terrazas Bryan A. , Weinberger Rainer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Massive quiescent galaxies in the young Universe are expected to be quenched rapidly, but it is unclear whether they all experience starbursts before quenching and what physical mechanism drives rapid quenching. We study 14 massive quiescent galaxies (

log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
>
10

) at z ∼ 2 selected from a representative sample of the Blue Jay survey. We reconstruct their star formation histories (SFHs) by fitting spectral energy distribution models to the JWST/NIRSpec R ∼ 1000 spectra. We find that massive quiescent galaxies can be split into three categories with roughly equal numbers of galaxies according to their SFHs: (1) relatively old galaxies quenched at early epochs; (2) galaxies that are rapidly and recently quenched after a flat or bursty formation history (depending on the assumed prior); and (3) galaxies that are rapidly and recently quenched after a major starburst. Most recently quenched galaxies show neutral gas outflows, probed by blueshifted Na i D absorption, and ionized gas emission, with line ratios consistent with active galactic nucleus (AGN) diagnostics. This suggests that AGN activity drives multiphase gas outflows, leading to rapid quenching. By tracing back the SFHs of the entire sample, we predict the number density of massive quiescent galaxies at z = 4–6: n = (1.5–6.0) × 10−5 Mpc−3. The two old massive quiescent galaxies in our sample appear to have extremely early formation and quenching (z ≳ 6) and are possibly descendants of early post-starbursts at z > 3. These galaxies still show neutral gas reservoirs and weak Hα emission, perhaps because the ejective AGN feedback that caused rapid quenching has weakened over time.
Optical and Radio Analysis of Systematically Classified Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Srinivasaragavan Gokul P. , Yang Sheng , Anand Shreya , Sollerman Jesper , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Corsi Alessandra , Cenko S. Bradley , Perley Daniel , Schulze Steve , Sanchez-Fleming Marquice , Pope Jack , Sarin Nikhil , Omand Conor , Das Kaustav K. , Fremling Christoffer , Andreoni Igor , Bruch Rachel , Burdge Kevin B. , De Kishalay , Gal-Yam Avishay , Gangopadhyay Anjasha , Graham Matthew J. , Jencson Jacob E. , Karambelkar Viraj , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kulkarni S. R. , Martikainen Julia , Sharma Yashvi S. , Tzanidakis Anastasios , Yan Lin , Yao Yuhan , Bellm Eric C. , Groom Steven L. , Masci Frank J. , Nir Guy , Purdum Josiah , Smith Roger , Sravan Niharika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study a magnitude-limited sample of 36 broad-lined type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) from the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (detected between 2018 March and 2021 August), which is the largest systematic study of SNe Ic-BL done in literature thus far. We present the light curves (LCs) for each of the SNe and analyze the shape of the LCs to derive empirical parameters, along with the explosion epochs for every event. The sample has an average absolute peak magnitude in the r band of

M

¯

r
,
max

=
−
18.51
±
0.15

mag. Using spectra obtained around peak light, we compute expansion velocities from the Fe ii 5169 Å line for each event with high enough signal-to-noise ratio spectra, and find an average value of

v
ph

¯

=
16
,
100
±
1100

km s−1. We also compute bolometric LCs, study the blackbody temperature and radii evolution over time, and derive the explosion properties of the SNe. The explosion properties of the sample have average values of

M

¯

Ni

=

0.37

−
0.06

+
0.08

M

⊙

,

M

¯

ej

=

2.45

−
0.41

+
0.47

M

⊙

, and

E

¯

K

=

(

4.02

−
1.00

+
1.37

)

×

10

51

erg. Thirteen events have radio observations from the Very Large Array, with eight detections and five non-detections. We find that the populations that have radio detections and radio non-detections are indistinct from one another with respect to their optically inferred explosion properties, and there are no statistically significant correlations present between the events’ radio luminosities and optically inferred explosion properties. This provides evidence that the explosion properties derived from optical data alone cannot give inferences about the radio properties of SNe Ic-BL and likely their relativistic jet formation mechanisms.
The Radio Halo in PLCKESZ G171.94–40.65: Beacon of Merging Activity
Authors: Santra R. , Kale R. , Giacintucci S. , Wik D. R. , Venturi T. , Dallacasa D. , Cassano R. , Brunetti G. , Joshi D. C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the first multifrequency analysis of the candidate ultrasteep spectrum radio halo in the galaxy cluster PLCKESZ G171.94−40.65, using the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio telescope (400 MHz), and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (1–2 GHz) observations. Our radio data have been complemented with archival Chandra X-ray observations to provide a crucial insight into the complex intracluster medium physics, happening at large scales. We detect the radio halo emission to the extent of ∼1.5 Mpc at 400 MHz, significantly larger than previously reported, along with five tailed galaxies in the central region. We also report the discovery of an unknown diffuse source “U,” at the cluster periphery, with an extent of 300 kpc. Using the available observations, we have found that the radio spectrum of the halo is well-fitted with a single power law, having a spectral index of −1.36 ± 0.05, indicating that it is not an ultrasteep spectrum radio halo. Our low-resolution (25″) resolved spectral map shows an overall uniform spectral index, with some patches of fluctuations. The X-ray and radio surface brightness are morphologically cospatial, with a slight extension along the northwest–southeast direction, seen in both maps. The radio and X-ray surface brightness indicates strong positive correlations, with sublinear correlation slopes (∼0.71). Multiple tailed galaxies and the radio halo indicate a high dynamical activity at the cluster central region.
Unveiling the Progenitors of a Population of Likely Peculiar Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Zhu Si-Yuan , Tam Pak-Hin Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Traditionally, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified as long and short GRBs, with T
90 = 2 s being the threshold duration. Generally, long-duration GRBs (LGRBs; T
90 > 2 s) are associated with the collapse of massive stars, and short-duration (SGRBs; T
90 < 2 s) are associated with compact binary mergers involving at least one neutron star. However, the existence of a population of so-called “peculiar GRBs”—i.e., LGRBs originating from mergers or long Type I GRBs, and SGRBs originating from collapsars or short Type II GRBs—has challenged the traditional paradigm of GRB classification. Finding more peculiar GRBs may help to give more insight into this issue. In this work, we analyze the properties of machine-learning-identified long Type I GRB and short Type II GRB candidates, long GRBs-I and short GRBs-II (the so-called “peculiar GRBs”). We find that long GRBs-I almost always exhibit properties similar to Type I GRBs, which suggests that mergers may indeed produce GRBs with T
90 > 2 s. Furthermore, according to the probability given by the redshift distribution, short GRBs-II almost exhibit properties similar to Type II GRBs. This suggests that the populations of short Type II GRBs are not scarce and that they are hidden in a large number of samples without redshifts, which is unfavorable for the interpretation that the jet progression leads to a missed main emission.
AGN STORM 2. X. The Origin of the Interband Continuum Delays in Mrk 817*
Authors: Netzer Hagai , Goad Michael R. , Barth Aaron J. , Cackett Edward M. , Horne Keith , Hu Chen , Kara Erin , Korista Kirk T. , Kriss Gerard A. , Lewin Collin , Montano John , Arav Nahum , Behar Ehud , Brotherton Michael S. , Chelouche Doron , De Rosa Gisella , Dalla Bontà Elena , Dehghanian Maryam , Ferland Gary J. , Fian Carina , Homayouni Yasaman , Ilić Dragana , Kaspi Shai , Kovačević Andjelka B. , Landt Hermine , Č. Popović Luka , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Wang Jian-Min , Zaidouni Fatima 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The local (z = 0.0315) active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 817 was monitored over more than 500 days with space-borne and ground-based instruments as part of a large international campaign, AGN STORM 2. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the broadband continuum variations using detailed modeling of the broad line region (BLR), several types of disk winds classified by their optical depth, and new numerical simulations. We find that diffuse continuum (DC) emission, with additional contributions from strong and broad emission lines, can explain the continuum lags observed in this source during high- and low-luminosity phases. Disk illumination by the variable X-ray corona contributes only a small fraction of the observed continuum lags. Our BLR models assume radiation-pressure-confined clouds distributed over a distance of 2–122 light days. We present calculated mean emissivity radii of many emission lines, and DC emission, and suggest a simple, transfer-function-dependent method that ties them to cross-correlation lag determinations. We do not find clear indications for large-optical-depth winds, but identify the signature of lower-column-density winds. In particular, we associate the shortest observed continuum lags with a combination of τ(1 Ryd) ≈ 2 wind and a partly shielded BLR. Even smaller optical depth winds may be associated with X-ray absorption features and with noticeable variations in the widths and lags of several high-ionization lines like He ii and C iv. Finally, we demonstrate the effect of torus dust emission on the observed lags in the i and z bands.
Anisotropic Magnetized Asteroseismic Waves
Authors: Tripathi B. , Mitra Dhrubaditya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We solve for waves in a polytropic, stratified plasma with a spatially varying background magnetic field that points along the horizontal x-direction, and with gravity that is directed along the vertical z-direction. Force balance determines the magnitude of the background magnetic field,

B

0

2

∼

z

n
+
1

, where n is the polytropic index. Using numerical and asymptotic methods, we deduce an explicit dispersion relation for fast pressure-driven waves:

Ω
2

∼
K

2
m
+
n

[
1
+

1
/

M
A

2

(
4
−
2
γ

+

cos

2

θ
−
3

cos

4

θ
)

/

4
]

. Here, Ω is the frequency, K is the wavenumber, θ is the angle the wavevector makes with the background magnetic field, M
A is the Alfvénic Mach number, and m is an integer representing the eigenstate. We discuss the roles of such an explicit formula in asteroseismology.