bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access and use of sexual and reproductive health services among asylum-seeking and refugee women in high-income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Stirling-Cameron Emma , Almukhaini Salma , Dol Justine , DuPlessis Benjamin J. , Stone Kathryn , Aston Megan , Goldenberg Shira M. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Refugee and asylum-seeking women are known to experience a myriad of intersecting sociocultural, institutional, and systemic barriers when accessing healthcare services after resettlement in high-income countries. Barriers can negatively affect service uptake and engagement, contributing to health inequities and forgone care. Access to sexual and reproductive healthcare (e.g., family planning, cervical cancer prevention) has largely been understudied. This scoping review sought to: i) examine the use of sexual and reproductive health services among refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries; and ii) identify barriers and facilitators influencing access to sexual and reproductive healthcare for refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries.

Methods
This review was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Reviews. Ten databases (e.g., CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase) were searched for qualitative, quantitative, mixed method studies, and gray literature published anytime before February 2024 across high-income countries (defined by the World Bank). The Health Behaviour Model was used to examine and understand factors influencing service use and access.

Results
3,997 titles and abstracts were screened, with 66 empirical studies included. Most were conducted in the United States (44%), Australia (25%), Europe (18%) and elsewhere and were qualitative (68%). Papers largely addressed contraception, abortion, cervical cancer screening, gender-based violence, and sexual health education. Included studies indicated that refugee and asylum-seeking women in high-income countries face a greater unmet need for contraception, higher use of abortion care, and lower engagement with cervical cancer screening, all when compared to women born in the resettlement country. Frequently reported barriers included differences in health literacy, shame and stigma around sexual health, language and communication challenges, racial or xenophobic interactions with healthcare providers, and healthcare/medication costs.

Conclusions
Studies across the globe identified consistent empirical evidence demonstrating health inequities facing refugee and asylum-seeking and myriad intersecting barriers contributing to underuse of essential sexual and reproductive health services. Facilitators included multilingual healthcare provider, use of interpreters and interpretation services, community health promotion work shops, and financial aid/Medicare.
Effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on the upper extremity motor function of stroke patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiali , Yang Jie , Xu Qiuzhu , Xiao Yan , Zuo Liang , Cai Enli 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Upper extremity deficits (UED) is a common and impactful complication among stroke survivors. Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation holds potential for enhancing rehabilitation intensity and engagement by stimulating tasks. While several clinical studies have examined the effectiveness and safety of VR-based rehabilitation, there is a need for further research to improve consistency in outcomes.

Materials and methods
The study will incorporate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the effects of VR-based rehabilitation on upper extremity (UE) function in stroke survivors. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-fang, and Chinese Biology Medicine Database will be performed from inception to the start of the study. Primary outcomes will focus on upper limb motor function assessments such as the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FMUE), Box and Block Test (BBT), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). Secondary outcomes related to activities of daily living will include the Barthel Index (BI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Research selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be independently conducted by two researchers. The recently revised Cochrane risk of bias tool will be employed to evaluate study quality. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be utilized to identify effective therapy delivery modes and patterns. The assessment, development, and evaluation of recommendations approach will be applied to achieve a robust conclusion.

Discussion
This study provides a rigorous synthesis to evaluate optimal parameters—specifically intensity and duration—for VR-based rehabilitation interventions aimed at enhancing UE function in stroke survivors. Our secondary objective is to assess the impact of these parameters on rehabilitation outcomes. We anticipate an accurate, transparent, and standardized review process that will yield evidence-based recommendations for integrating VR technology into treating upper extremity dysfunction in stroke patients, offering clinicians effective strategies to enhance upper limb function.
Determining the influential factors of postnatal care in Bangladesh using multilevel logistic regression
Authors: Sumon Imran Hossain , Ar Salan Md. Sifat , Kabir Mohammad Alamgir , Majumder Ajit Kumar , Hossain Md. Moyazzem 
Published: November 2024

Background
Postnatal care (PNC) is the care of a newborn and mother for up to six weeks from one hour of placenta birth. The postnatal period is one of the most hazardous stages for mothers and their baby’s health. The PNC is influenced by several maternal, family, biological, and socio-economic factors and it is necessary to identify the most significant factors of PNC. Therefore, the authors focus on determining the significant determinants of postnatal care in Bangladesh.

Methods and materials
This study is based on a secondary dataset extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2017/18. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multilevel logistic regression have been used to determine the contributing factors of PNC.

Results
The rate of postnatal care was highest in Sylhet (73.7%) and lowest in Dhaka (57.1%). Female babies had 10.1% less odds of having postnatal care than male babies. Findings depict that the children with 1–3 siblings have 1. 82 times more odds (odds ratio (OR):1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.03–3.21) of PNC than babies without any siblings. Children who suffered from fever recently had 1.25 times (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.09–1.45) more odds of taking PNC than their counterparts. Children of working mothers had 1.33 times (OR:1.33, 95% CI:1.14–1.56) more odds of having PNC than children of non-working mothers.

Conclusion
The sex of a child, birth order number, place of residence, region, receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, number of antenatal care visits, having fever recently, number of household members, media exposure, and household facilities are significantly linked with PNC in Bangladesh. To ensure the good health of a child, it is necessary to focus on the targeted groups and put emphasis on the identified variables. The authors believe that the findings will be helpful to the policymakers of Bangladesh to lessen childhood morbidities which will be helpful in achieving the target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for reducing preventable maternal and under-five deaths by 2030.
Crowdsourcing für Kulturerbedaten
Authors: Eichenberger Nicole , Kuhn Roman , Pick Katharina 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das Stabi Lab ist ein Mitmach-Raum, der Nutzenden die Möglichkeit bietet, in partizipativen Veranstaltungen produktiv mit Daten umzugehen und selbst neue Forschungsdaten zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse dieser Transkriptions- und Annotationsprojekte zu historischen Dokumenten aus dem Bestand der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin werden unter freien Lizenzen zur Nachnutzung in der Forschung publiziert. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt vier Pilotprojekte vor – von der Seminarkooperation bis hin zur Citizen Science-Werkstatt – und diskutiert die Vor- und Nachteile ihrer jeweiligen technischen wie organisatorischen Umsetzung.
Der NFDI4Memory Data Space als digitales Ökosystem für die historisch arbeitenden Wissenschaften, Gedächtnisinstitutionen und Informationsinfrastrukturen
Authors: Holste Timo , Razum Matthias 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die digitale Transformation hat auch die Geschichtswissenschaft erfasst. Das quantitative und qualitative Angebot der zur Auswertung zur Verfügung stehenden digitalen und digitalisierten historischen Quellen wächst stetig. Damit einhergehend ändern sich auch die Arbeitsweisen und Methoden der historisch arbeitenden Wissenschaften fundamental. Über Forschungsinfrastrukturen, die Daten und Methoden vereinen, rücken Gedächtniseinrichtungen und Forschung enger zusammen. Im Rahmen der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) haben sich Hochschulen, außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen und Einrichtungen der Informationsinfrastruktur deshalb im Konsortium NFDI4Memory zusammengeschlossen, um gemeinsam Konzepte und Lösungen für das Forschungsdatenmanagement in den historisch orientierten Geisteswissenschaften zu entwickeln. An der Schnittstelle von Forschung und Infrastruktur bauen FIZ Karlsruhe und das Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg in der Task Area „Data Services“ ein interoperables Netzwerk von Diensten und Datenbeständen auf: den 4Memory Data Space. Er bildet den Kern des anvisierten Diensteportfolios von NFDI4Memory. Gleichzeitig stellt der Data Space die Verbindung zu weiteren geplanten Diensten wie das „Data Lab“ und den „Virtual Indexing Layer“ bereit und bildet so den Kern eines digitalen Ökosystems für die historisch orientierten Geisteswissenschaften.
Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli and its Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Nechypurenko O.O. , Avdeeva L.V. , Dreval D.V. , Sobko I.O. 
Published: November 2024

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a widely distributed pathogen and one of the main death causes in poultry farming. Also, these bacteria are harmful food-born pathogens with multiple virulence factors and pathogenicity that could be dangerous for humans. Moreover, APEC is characterized by a wide range of resistance to antimicrobials which successfully transmit to other microbes. Therefore, the aim of the work was to define the frequency of APEC isolation in dead birds during 2015–2022, as well as to investigate its resistance to antibiotics. Methods. During the investigation, the routine autopsy was made on dead birds of different ages from broiler, layer, and broiler-breeder poultry farms in Ukraine. The type and severity of lesions were evaluated as characterized by 0 to 3 points. Then bacteriological examination was provided with further biochemical identification through Api20 E and APi20 NE tests. The susceptibility to antibiotics of identified E. coli was detected by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method regarding CLSI data. Results. 1427 birds from 113 poultry farms were examined, and as a result, 1806 bacterial isolates were detected, among which 1183 were referred to APEC. The frequency of detection of APEC isolates in dead birds was 82.9%. Most often APEC-induced severe lesions (3 points) such as fibrinous perihepatitis, pericarditis, and peritonitis. The most effective antibiotics were colistin, gentamicin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, and norfloxacin, to which activity 91.6, 85.6, 63.9, 61.0, and 52.1 % of isolated APEC strains, respectively, were susceptible, However, more than 50 % of detected APEC were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxiclav, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, flumequine, and enrofloxacin. Moreover, 59.4 % of isolated bacteria were multi-resistant and avoided negative impact of more than 6 antibiotics. Conclusions. Avian pathogenic E. coli was considered one of the leading bacteria agents in the poultry industry of Ukraine, because 82.9 % of birds were infected with the systemic form of colibacillosis. The largest number of resistant isolates during 2015–2022 was detected to flumequine (78.5 %), amoxicillin (78.4 %), amoxiclav (69.3 %), oxytetracycline (75.5 %), and doxycycline (58.3 %). The resistance to tetracyclines and quinolones increased dramatically through the years. It is therefore necessary to implement a new strategy for controlling APEC distribution based not only on rational antibiotic treatment but also on complex diagnostic and further immunization.
Sensitivity analysis and optimization of pier shape scour prediction using HEC-RAS
Authors: AL-Jubouri Muhanad , Ray Richard P. , Abbas Ethar H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractScour around bridge piers threatens bridge stability. This study uses the Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System to improve depth estimates for various pier shapes. The Colorado State University and Froehlich equations were tested with a one-dimensional model calibrated for circular, square, rectangular, oblong, oval, and cylindrical piers. Sensitivity analysis identified coefficients K2, K3, flow velocity, and depth as key factors, with K2 being most significant. The Colorado State University equation overestimated scour depths, especially for square piers. The Froehlich method provided more accurate predictions, confirming the system's value in hydraulic modeling for bridge stability analysis.
Present-Day Tectonic Activities of Transverse Faults in the Keping Region, Southwest Tianshan
Authors: Guo Qian , Wen Yangmao , Xu Caijun , Zhao Xiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Keping fold-and-thrust belt (KFB), situated at the southern front of the Tianshan orogenic belt, represents a typical thin-skinned imbricated structure resulting from the uplift and southward-thrusting orogeny of the Tianshan. The KFB is believed to accommodate a considerable portion of the north–south convergence of crustal shortening and thickening across the Tianshan, making it an ideal region for investigating intracontinental orogenic processes. In this study, we used four ascending tracks and two descending tracks of the Sentinel-1 A/B data collected over six years to construct Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) line-of-sight velocity fields. Subsequently, the 3D interseismic velocity of the KFB was determined by integrating Global Positioning System and InSAR observations. Finally, we employed 2D edge dislocation models to quantify the kinematic parameters of the folds in the western KFB constrained by the vertical velocities. Our results indicate that the western KFB exhibits a crustal shortening rate of 6.3–7.8 mm/yr, which accounts for approximately one-third of the north–south shortening rate observed in the Tianshan orogenic belt. Among the fault zones, the West Keping fault at the thrust front exhibits the highest slip rate, with slip rates increasing from east to west. The maximum crustal shortening rate in the western segment reaches 3.6 mm/yr, constituting half of the total shortening within the KFB. Combined with topographical and geomorphological studies, we propose that the intensity of the southwestward-propagating orogeny from the Tianshan toward the KFB may have diminished.
Evaluation of the effect of cold normal saline as a carrier fluid in reducing propofol induced pain
Authors: Bolanthakodi Chethana , Bhat Murali Shankar , Cherian Sheba , Huchchannavar Raghavendra R 
Published: November 2024

: Pain or discomfort during intravenous injection is a common unwanted result of Propofol, and can lead to dissatisfaction. Various methods are used to reduce ‘pain on propofol injection’ (POPI), among which mixing lignocaine with propofol is commonly used. However mixing lignocaine destabilises propofol, leading to reduced anaesthetic properties of propofol, warranting the use of other methods. Cold temperatures reduce nerve conduction velocity resulting in decreased pain signal transmission and have vasoconstrictive properties which reduce local tissue irritation, potentially minimizing pain. To evaluate cold normal saline (at 4°C) as carrier fluid in reducing POPI compared to normal saline at room temperature, with a primary objective of assessing the incidence and severity of pain using a pain score and a secondary objective of assessing postoperative recall in both the groups. : A single-blinded prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 76 patients undergoing general anaesthesia for elective surgeries. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group C received cold saline (at 4°C) and Group R received room temperature saline as carrier fluids during propofol administration. Pain during injection was recorded using pain score, Heart rate changes before and after propofol administration, and Postoperative recall of injection pain was assessed.: The incidence of pain was significantly lower in Group C (52.6%) compared to Group R (81.57%) (p=0.007). Group R had a higher severity of pain, with more patients experiencing moderate to severe pain. Group R also showed an increase in heart rate (3.46%) compared to Group C (0.27%) (p=0.027). Postoperative recall of injection pain was more frequent in Group R than in Group C. Cold normal saline as a carrier fluid (at 4C) effectively reduces pain associated with propofol injection. This technique helps to enhance patient comfort and satisfaction, making it a valuable addition to clinical practice.
A comparative study of 0.2% ropivacaine with dexamethasone versus fentanyl in PENG block
Authors: Apte Vrishali Yashvant , Mehta Sumedha , Adate Kavita , Pathan Arbaaz , Valake Kiran 
Published: November 2024

The PENG block is recognized for its motor-sparing effect, setting it apart from the femoral nerve block. This interfascial plane block provides good analgesia for proximal femur fracture surgeries. The primary objective of the research was to analyze the efficacy of Dexamethasone and Fentanyl with Ropivacaine in PENG block for proximal femur surgeries, while the secondary objective was to evaluate the comfort of patients while positioning for spinal anesthesia and any potential side effects. The study involved 60 patients, classified as ASA grade I/II, split into two groups of 30. Group PD was given 0.2%Ropivacaine (15ml), with Dexamethasone 4mg, and Group PF was given 0.2% Ropivacaine (15ml), with Fentanyl 50mcg in USG guided PENG block. The study documented VAS score before and 10 minutes after the PENG block, patient satisfaction score, postoperative duration of analgesia, hemodynamic effects and adverse effects. In both the groups, VAS score before (6.567±1.223 vs6.5±1.252, p=0.408) and 10 minutes after PENG block (2.167±0.791vs2.234±0.728, p=0.365) and patient satisfaction score (2.1±0.759vs2±0.743, p=0.328) were comparable i.e. statistically insignificant. The postoperative duration of analgesia (655.334±35.457 mins in group PD vs 458.334±27.518 mins in group PF, p- value=0.004), was statistically significant. No significant hemodynamic effects or side effects were observed.PENG block has the potential to be beneficial for both preoperative positioning and postoperative pain management. We conclude that Dexamethasone (4mg) and Fentanyl (50 mcg) provide comparable analgesic efficacy as an adjuvant to 0.2% Ropivacaine in the early postoperative period, but Dexamethasone provides a prolonged duration of analgesia.
Effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in bilateral posterior quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery: A prospective randomized double-blinded study
Authors: Kodali V Rajesh Kumar , Thiagarajan Varun Karuppaiah , Vakamudi Mahesh , Parameswari Aruna 
Published: November 2024

Effective pain control following a cesarean section was crucial. The postoperative discomfort following a cesarean section was treated using intravenous opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Currently, postoperative pain is alleviated through the utilization of fascial plane blocks such as the quadratus lumborum block, transversus abdominis plane block (TAP), erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks, and ilioinguinal nerve block. The primary aim of this study was to assess the duration of initial pain relief and time to first rescue analgesia. Secondary objectives were total number of rescue analgesic doses and amount of rescue analgesic consumption and postoperative pain scores.A total of 70 patients scheduled for elective lower segment cesarean sections were randomly assigned to either Group B or Group D. All cesarean sections were performed under spinal anesthesia. Participants in Group B received 0.4 ml/kg of a bupivacaine solution. In contrast, patients in Group D were administered a solution consisting of 0.4 ml/kg of 0.125% bupivacaine combined with 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine.The time to initial rescue analgesia was significantly longer in Group D (16.3 hours) compared to Group B (8.3 hours), with a p-value of &#60;0.01. Similarly, the duration of analgesia was extended in Group D (16 hours) compared to Group B (8 hours), showing a statistically significant difference (p &#60; 0.01). Group D required significantly fewer total rescue analgesic doses and fewer individuals required rescue analgesics. The mean total consumption of rescue analgesics, specifically paracetamol and tramadol, was markedly lower in Group D (0.14 gm of paracetamol and 2.8 mg of tramadol) compared to Group B (2.1 gm of paracetamol and 45.7 mg of tramadol), with a p-value of &#60;0.01. Moreover, significant variations in pain scores were observed between 12 and 24 hours, with Group D participants exhibiting considerably lower pain scores than those in Group B. Additionally, from 8 to 24 hours, Group D patients demonstrated significantly reduced heart rates, as well as lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to Group B.The addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine significantly prolongs the time for initial rescue analgesia, duration of analgesia and reduces the number of rescue analgesic doses and pain scores.