bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’architettura dei Minori nella custodia napoletana: ricezione e circolazione di motivi oltremontani da San Lorenzo Maggiore in Napoli a San Francesco di Nola (xiii-xiv secc.)
Authors: Di Cerbo Cristiana 
Published: July 2018

Si au xiiie et xive siècle, dans le Sud de l’Italie, les angevins embauchent souvent des architectes et bâtisseurs français, le système architectural ad modum Franciae ne fut jamais adopté dans ses formules authentiques, mais toujours combiné avec les traditions locales. Cette pratique du bâti donne naissance à un lexique formel hybride, autrement dit à un Gothique de compromis. Cette investigation consacrée à l’architecture franciscaine de la « custodia napoletana » permet toutefois de constater qu’une telle réception se concrétise uniquement dans l’invention et la combinaison des nouveautés techniques et formelles et de leurs caractéristiques stylistiques, mais aussi dans la diffusion d’un canon architectural au fort accent identitaire, partagé à la fois par la monarchie et la baronnie locale.
Aggressive orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in adulthood: A case report in a public hospital in Damascus, Syria
Authors: Ahmad Tagrid Younes , Al Houri Hasan Nabil , Al Houri Abdullah Nabil , Ahmad Nagham Younes 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a highly malignant tumor that originates mainly from mesenchymal tissue. It is considered a rare childhood malignancy; therefore, presentation in adulthood is scarce. In this case report, a 36-year-old male patient presented with a rapidly progressive RMS of the left orbit. The patient was treated in a different institution with radiochemotherapy with good response. However, relapse occurred after 2 months of completing the course, as rapid growing proptosis. Computed tomography scan revealed a lesion in the left orbit with invasion of the left ethmoid cells and the left maxillary sinus. Exenteration of the left orbit with the left partial maxillectomy and ethmoidectomy was performed. RMS is a highly aggressive malignancy that should be considered in any orbital mass that progresses rapidly. Surgery should be the first line in treatment. Delay in diagnosis and inappropriate treatment negatively affects the outcome.
Evaluating the efficacy of best practice alerts to improve Clostridium difficile early detection in hospital settings: A 6-month interim analysis of the 2-year prospective study
Authors: Kaako Ahmad 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-associated gastrointestinal illness with high burden on the health-care system. Design: Observational, retrospective, prospective, pre- and post-intervention study on the incidence and prevalence rates of CDIs. The primary outcome is the healthcare-onset CDIs (HO-CDIs) incidence rate and proportion. Methods: Best practice alerts (BPAs) for CDI were developed in electronic medical records and released on July 13, 2016. When high-risk patients for CDI are identified, BPAs are triggered requiring nurses to order contact isolation and stool studies followed by other subsequent BPAs encouraging providers to de-escalate antibiotics and order probiotics. Data on admission count, patient-days, CDIs categories prevalence, and incidence rates were collected for the 24-month preintervention and will be collected for the 24-month postintervention period. Results: An interim analysis comparing the data from the first 6-month postintervention period with the average 6-month data of the preintervention period showed that short-term BPAs use is associated with significant increase in the overall CDI infection rate (71.47 vs. 38.38, P < 0.0001), incidence rate (53.81 vs. 28.76, P < 0.0001), overall prevalence rate (1.86 vs. 1.32, P = 0.001), and admission prevalence rate (1.10 vs. 0.70, P < 0.0001). Despite the observed overall shift from HO toward CO; no statistically significant difference in the HO-CDI event number and proportion was detected (28 [21.4%] vs. 22 [29.1%], P = 0.094). Conclusion: Short-term BPAs use is associated with significant increase in the overall CDI incidence and prevalence along with a non-statistically significant decline in HO-CDI proportion. Final analysis with full sample size is essential to provide a better picture about the long-term effect.
Towards the unravelling of the slug &lt;i&gt;A. ater–A. rufus&lt;/i&gt; complex (Gastropoda Arionidae): new genetic approaches
Authors: Peláez María L. , Valdecasas Antonio G. , Martinez Daniel , Horreo Jose L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The genus Arion includes several slug species, some of which are
considered to be a pest to both cultivated and wild flora. Within this genus,
the Arion ater complex comprises two different morphological forms:
Arion rufus and A. ater, but there is no consensus about
their species status. Their phylogenetic relationships have been recently
solved, both of them belonging to different phylogenetic clades, but their
species status is still unclear (as different clades are not always different
species). For this reason, the aim of this study was to precisely identify these species
status by employing the up-to-date multi-rate Poisson tree processes (mPTP)
methodology as well as the classic methodology of genetic distances, both of
which have three different mitochondrial genes. Results confirmed that both
A. ater and A. rufus are independent evolutionary clades,
and the high genetic distances between them (K2P distances ranged between 9.1
and 16.4 %, depending on genes) together with mPTP analyses, supported
the idea that the clades correspond to different species. Results will be
useful for the classification of these specific species as well as for
developing proper pest control methodologies and conservation policies in
both cultivated and wild plants.
3D skeletal muscle fascicle engineering is improved with TGF-β1 treatment of myogenic cells and their co-culture with myofibroblasts
Authors: Krieger Jessica , Park Byung-Wook , Lambert Christopher R. , Malcuit Christopher 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundSkeletal muscle wound healing is dependent on complex interactions between fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, myogenic cells, and cytokines, such as TGF-β1. This study sought to clarify the impact of TGF-β1 signaling on skeletal muscle cells and discern between the individual contributions of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts to myogenesis when in co-culture with myogenic cells. 3D tissue-engineered models were compared to equivalent 2D culture conditions to assess the efficacy of each culture model to predictively recapitulate thein vivomuscle environment.MethodsTGF-β1 treatment and mono-/co-cultures containing human dermal fibroblasts or myofibroblasts and C2C12 mouse myoblasts were assessed in 2D and 3D environments. Three culture systems were compared: cell monolayers grown on 2D dishes and 3D tissues prepared via a self-assembly method or collagen 1-based hydrogel biofabrication. qPCR identified gene expression changes during fibroblast to myofibroblast and myoblast differentiation between culture conditions. Changes to cell phenotype and tissue morphology were characterized via immunostaining for myosin heavy chain, procollagen, and α-smooth muscle actin. Tissue elastic moduli were measured with parallel plate compression and atomic force microscopy systems, and a slack test was employed to quantify differences in tissue architecture and integrity.ResultsTGF-β1 treatment improved myogenesis in 3D mono- and co-cultures containing muscle cells, but not in 2D. The 3D TGF-β1-treated co-culture containing myoblasts and myofibroblasts expressed the highest levels of myogenin and collagen 1, demonstrating a greater capacity to drive myogenesis than fibroblasts or TGF-β1-treatment in monocultures containing only myoblasts. These constructs possessed the greatest tissue stability, integrity, and muscle fiber organization, as demonstrated by their rapid and sustained shortening velocity during slack tests, and the highest Young’s modulus of 6.55 kPA, approximate half the stiffness ofin situmuscle. Both self-assembled and hydrogel-based tissues yielded the most multinucleated, elongated, and aligned muscle fiber histology. In contrast, the equivalent 2D co-culture model treated with TGF-β1 completely lacked myotube formation through suppression of myogenin gene expression.DiscussionThese results show skeletal muscle regeneration can be promoted by treating myogenic cells with TGF-β1, and myofibroblasts are superior enhancers of myogenesis than fibroblasts. Critically, both TGF-β1 treatment and co-culturing skeletal muscle cells with myofibroblasts can serve as myogenesis accelerators across multiple tissue engineering platforms. Equivalent 2D culture systems cannot replicate these affects, however, highlighting a need to continually improvein vitromodels for skeletal muscle development, discovery of therapeutics for muscle regeneration, and research and development ofin vitromeat products.
Halophiles as Chassis for Bioproduction
Authors: Zhang Xu , Lin Yina , Chen Guo‐Qiang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIndustrial biotechnology aims to solve the challenges of petroleum‐based production using microorganisms as catalysts. However, current industrial biotechnology suffers from high energy and fresh water consumption as well as difficult downstream purification. In addition, most industrial microorganisms are not resistant to other microbial contaminations, and this seriously compromises process effectiveness and the economy. The recently proposed “next‐generation industrial biotechnology” employs contamination resistant microorganisms, including alkaliphilic, acidophilic, thermophilic or halophilic bacteria, etc., for bioproduction. The most successful example is the use of halophilic bacteria as chassis for the production of chemicals, proteins, and biopolymers. This review summarizes some of the most recent studies to engineer the halophilic chassis Halomonas spp. for the production of chemicals, proteins, and several biopolyesters such as poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), copolymers of 3‐hydroxybutyrate and 3‐hydroxyvalerate, and copolymers of 3‐hydroxybutyrate and 4‐hydroxybutyrate. The Halomonas chassis is also successfully engineered to change its morphology from short bars to long fibers and large spheres for convenient gravity separation. This simplifies the bioprocessing.
Stimuli‐Responsive Donor–Acceptor and DNA‐Crosslinked Hydrogels: Application as Shape‐Memory and Self‐Healing Materials
Authors: Wang Chen , Fadeev Michael , Vázquez‐González Margarita , Willner Itamar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) chains are functionalized with self‐complementary nucleic acid tethers and electron donor or electron acceptor functionalities. The polymer chains crosslinked by the self‐complementary duplex nucleic acids and the donor–acceptor complexes as bridging units, yield a stiff stimuli‐responsive hydrogel. Upon the oxidation of the electron donor units, the donor–acceptor bridging units are separated, leading to a hydrogel of lower stiffness. By the cyclic oxidation and reduction of the donor units, the hydrogel is reversibly transformed across low and high stiffness states. The controlled stiffness properties of the hydrogel are used to develop shape‐memory hydrogels. In addition, CMC hydrogels crosslinked by donor–acceptor complexes and K+‐stabilized G‐quadruplexes reveal stimuli‐responsive properties that exhibit dually triggered stiffness functions. While the hydrogel bridged by the two crosslinking motifs reveals high stiffness, the redox‐stimulated separation of the donor–acceptor complexes or the crown‐ether‐stimulated separation of the G‐quadruplex bridges yields two alternative hydrogels exhibiting low stiffness states. The control over the stiffness properties of the dually triggered hydrogel is used to develop shape‐memory hydrogels, where the donor–acceptor units or G‐quadruplex bridges act as “memories”, and to develop triggered self‐healing process of the hydrogel.
Photocatalytic Neophyl Rearrangement and Reduction of Distal Carbon Radicals by Iminyl Radical‐Mediated C−C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Ye , Wang Peng‐Zi , Yan Dong‐Mei , Lu Bin , Chen Jia‐Rong , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe control of selectivity in the reactions of the highly reactive open‐shell carbon radicals is an attractive but often challenging task. Building on the strategy of photoinduced iminyl radical‐mediated C−C bond cleavage, we have developed photocatalytic neophyl rearrangement and reduction of distal carbon radicals under visible light irradiation of O‐acyl oximes. This mild protocol tolerates a wide range of readily available O‐acyl oximes, enabling facile synthesis of diversely substituted α,β‐unsaturated nitriles and β‐functionalized saturated nitriles in a highly selective manner.magnified image
3D Ferroconcrete‐Like Aminated Carbon Nanotubes Network Anchoring Sulfur for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Yan Min , Chen Hao , Yu Yong , Zhao Heng , Li Chao‐Fan , Hu Zhi‐Yi , Wu Pan , Chen Lihua , Wang Hongen , Peng Dongliang , Gao Huanxin , Hasan Tawfique , Li Yu , Su Bao‐Lian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo address the serious capacity fading in lithium–sulfur batteries, a 3D ferroconcrete‐like aminated carbon nanotubes network with polyaniline coating as an effective sulfur host to contain polysulfide dissolution is presented here. In this composite, the cross‐linked aminated carbon nanotubes framework provides a fast charge transport pathway and enhancement in the reaction kinetics of the active material to greatly improve the rate capability and sulfur utilization. The ethylenediamine moieties provide strong adhesion of polar discharge products to nonpolar carbon surfaces and thus efficiently prevent polysulfide dissolution to improve the cycle stability, confirmed by density functional theory calculations. The outside polyaniline layers structurally restrain polysulfides to prevent the shuttle effect and active material loss. Benefiting from these advantages, the synthesized composite exhibits a high initial capacity of 1215 mAh g−1 and a capacity of 975 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. Even after 200 cycles at 0.5 C, a capacity of 735 mAh g−1 can be maintained, among the best performance reported. The strategy in this work can shed some light on modifying nonpolar carbon surfaces via the amination process to chemically attach sulfur species for high‐performance lithium–sulfur batteries.
Surface Immobilization of Redox‐Labile Fluorescent Probes: Enabling Single‐Cell Co‐Profiling of Aerobic Glycolysis and Oncogenic Protein Signaling Activities
Authors: Li Zhonghan , Cheng Hanjun , Shao Shiqun , Lu Xiang , Mo Li , Tsang Jonathan , Zeng Pu , Guo Zhili , Wang Siwen , Nathanson David A. , Heath James R. , Wei Wei , Xue Min 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn analytical method is described for profiling lactate production in single cells via the use of coupled enzyme reactions on surface‐grafted resazurin molecules. The immobilization of the redox‐labile probes was achieved through chemical modifications on resazurin, followed by bio‐orthogonal click reactions. The lactate detection was demonstrated to be sensitive and specific. The method was incorporated into a single‐cell barcode chip for simultaneous quantification of aerobic glycolysis activities and oncogenic signaling phosphoproteins in cancer. The interplay between glycolysis and oncogenic signaling activities was interrogated on a glioblastoma cell line. Results revealed a drug‐induced oncogenic signaling reliance accompanying shifted metabolic paradigms. A drug combination that exploits this induced reliance exhibited synergistic effects in growth inhibition.
Fluorescence Blinking Beyond Nanoconfinement: Spatially Synchronous Intermittency of Entire Perovskite Microcrystals
Authors: Pathoor Nithin , Halder Ansuman , Mukherjee Amitrajit , Mahato Jaladhar , Sarkar Shaibal K. , Chowdhury Arindam 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAbrupt fluorescence intermittency or blinking is long recognized to be characteristic of single nano‐emitters. Extended quantum‐confined nanostructures also undergo spatially heterogeneous blinking; however, there is no such precedent in dimensionally unconfined (bulk) materials. Herein, we report multi‐level blinking of entire individual organo–lead bromide perovskite microcrystals (volume=0.1–3 μm3) under ambient conditions. Extremely high spatiotemporal correlation (>0.9) in intracrystal emission intensity fluctuations signifies effective communication amongst photogenerated carriers at distal locations (up to ca. 4 μm) within each crystal. Fused polycrystalline grains also exhibit this intriguing phenomenon, which is rationalized by correlated and efficient migration of carriers to a few transient nonradiative traps, the nature and population of which determine blinking propensity. Observation of spatiotemporally correlated emission intermittency in bulk semiconductor crystals opens the possibility of designing novel devices involving long‐range (mesoscopic) electronic communication.
Best-practice care pathway for improving management of mastitis and breast abscess
Authors: Patani N , MacAskill F , Eshelby S , Omar A , Kaura A , Contractor K , Thiruchelvam P , Curtis S , Main J , Cunningham D , Hogben K , Al-Mufti R , Hadjiminas D J , Leff D R 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Surgical subspecialization has resulted in mastitis and breast abscesses being managed with unnecessary admission to hospital, prolonged inpatient stay, variable antibiotic prescribing, incision and drainage rather than percutaneous aspiration, and loss to specialist follow-up. The objective was to evaluate a best-practice algorithm with the aim of improving management of mastitis and breast abscesses across a multisite NHS Trust. The focus was on uniformity of antibiotic prescribing, ultrasound assessment, admission rates, length of hospital stay, intervention by aspiration or incision and drainage, and specialist follow-up.

Methods
Management was initially evaluated in a retrospective cohort (phase I) and subsequently compared with that in two prospective cohorts after introduction of a breast abscess and mastitis pathway. One prospective cohort was analysed immediately after introduction of the pathway (phase II), and the second was used to assess the sustainability of the quality improvements (phase III). The overall impact of the pathway was assessed by comparing data from phase I with combined data from phases II and III; results from phases II and III were compared to judge sustainability.

Results
Fifty-three patients were included in phase I, 61 in phase II and 80 in phase III. The management pathway and referral pro forma improved compliance with antibiotic guidelines from 34 per cent to 58·2 per cent overall (phases II and III) after implementation (P = 0·003). The improvement was maintained between phases II and III (54 and 61 per cent respectively; P = 0·684). Ultrasound assessment increased from 38 to 77·3 per cent overall (P &lt; 0·001), in a sustained manner (75 and 79 per cent in phases II and III respectively; P = 0·894). Reductions in rates of incision and drainage (from 8 to 0·7 per cent overall; P = 0·007) were maintained (0 per cent in phase II versus 1 per cent in phase III; P = 0·381). Specialist follow-up improved consistently from 43 to 95·7 per cent overall (P &lt; 0·001), 92 per cent in phase II and 99 per cent in phase III (P = 0·120). Rates of hospital admission and median length of stay were not significantly reduced after implementation of the pathway.

Conclusion
A standardized approach to mastitis and breast abscess reduced undesirable practice variation, with sustained improvements in process and patient outcomes.
The moral responsibility of corporate sustainability as perceived by fashion retail employees: a USA‐China cross‐cultural comparison study
Authors: Lee Stacy H.N. , Ha‐Brookshire Jung , Chow Pui‐Sze 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDespite fashion consumers' desire to protect the environment and behave in a socially responsible manner, the reality of the environment within the fashion retail industry is far from sustainable, as evidenced by several infamous scandals that continue to afflict fashion businesses. Though corporate sustainability is gaining traction with both consumers and businesses, the USA and China may exist in different institutional contexts in regard to corporate sustainability. Consequently, this study was designed to understand the differences in employees' perceptions toward corporate sustainability, and how employees in fashion retail businesses engage in organizational citizenship behaviour in the USA and China. By using a sample of 615 fashion retail employees from the USA and China, this study conducted Multivariate Analysis of Variance and multiple linear regression analyses to determine the differences between these two countries and their demographic characteristics. The study found that employees in China revealed a greater preference for transparency in production and operation than did US employees. The importance of corporate sustainability yielded quite opposite results according to age and gender differences. Overall, this study found that both US and Chinese employees perceived sustainability to be highly important for corporations to achieve, but only US employees were engaged in organizational citizenship behaviour with the influence of their MRCS. Hence, this study's findings provide better insight for global fashion retail businesses in that they may have to exercise different strategies to achieve corporate sustainability in different countries, as the employees might have different levels of moral expectations based on their country of employment.
Mechanism of BRAF Activation through Biochemical Characterization of the Recombinant Full‐Length Protein
Authors: Cope Nicholas , Candelora Christine , Wong Kenneth , Kumar Sujeet , Nan Haihan , Grasso Michael , Novak Borna , Li Yana , Marmorstein Ronen , Wang Zhihong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBRAF kinase plays an important role in mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and harbors activating mutations in about half of melanomas and in a smaller percentage in many other cancers. Despite its importance, few in vitro studies have been performed to characterize the biochemical properties of full‐length BRAF. Herein, a strategy to generate an active, intact form of BRAF protein suitable for in vitro enzyme kinetics is described. It is shown that purified, intact BRAF protein autophosphorylates the kinase activation loop and this can be enhanced by binding the MEK protein substrate through an allosteric mechanism. These studies provide in vitro evidence that BRAF selectively binds to active RAS and that the BRAF/CRAF heterodimer is the most active form, relative to their respective homodimers. Full‐length BRAF analysis with small‐molecule BRAF inhibitors shows that two drugs, dabrafenib and vemurafenib, can modestly enhance kinase activity of BRAF at low concentration. Taken together, this characterization of intact BRAF contributes to a framework for understanding its role in cell signaling.
Manganese N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for Catalytic Reduction of Ketones with Silanes
Authors: Pinto Mara , Friães Sofia , Franco Federico , Lloret‐Fillol Julio , Royo Beatriz 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 13/2018 is provided by the group of Beatriz Royo in ITQB (Portugal). The image shows a Portuguese caravel representing the Special Issue dedicated to the Portuguese Conference on Catalysis. The manganese‐based catalyst for the reduction of ketones to alcohols is represented by a black swan. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201800241.