bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ikonographie und Interaktion. Computergestützte Analyse von Posen in Bildern der Heilsgeschichte
Authors: Bell Peter , Impett Leonardo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The last few years have seen an explosion of medieval images in digital form, chiefly as a result of photo-library and manuscript digitisation projects. An entire corpus of images, even selected solely by scene or iconography, becomes an unwieldy object of study by traditional art-historical means. This is even more the case for medieval images, where authorship and dating are often cloudy and unclear, and the image itself is in many cases the first resource for scholarly inquiry.We take the digital image – in particular, the digital image of the body – as our object of study in a wide-ranging computationally-augmented reading of an image-corpus; ours is made up of thousands of depictions of the ‘Annunciation’ and ‘Baptism’, selected not only for their primacy in Christian art but for their dialogical interaction. Our corpus of 6,564 ‘Annunciations’ and 883 ‘Baptisms’, whilst not necessarily representative in density, includes a wide range of stylistic, theological and historical tendencies.We computationally extract not only body images but poses, gestures and interactions. Such a range of gestures allows for a morphological treatment of bodily motifs, whose multi-dimensional, quantitative nature allows us to complicate and problematise iconographic taxonomies, populating the spaces between categories. Finally, our gestural manifolds provide a morphological pointer to dissecting the microtemporalities of the scenes, and their relative dynamics and inconsistencies.
Soziale Netzwerkanalysen zum mittelhochdeutschen Artusroman oder: Vorgreiflicher Versuch, Märchenhaftigkeit des Erzählens zu messen
Authors: Braun Manuel , Ketschik Nora 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article discusses the question of how complex the narrations of Arthurian romances are by comparing them to the ‘simple form’ of fairy tales. In order to achieve this, we identify properties of the European folktale, which we then compare with an Arthurian text corpus consisting of Hartmann von Aue’s ‘Erec’ and ‘Iwein’ as well as Wolfram von Eschenbach’s ‘Parzival’. The typological investigation is carried out using data-driven methods, primarily Social Network Analysis, and focuses on various aspects of characters. By doing this, we gain an in-depth understanding of the relationships between Arthurian romances and fairy tales and of the differences within the genre of the Arthurian romance itself. We show that the results of statistical analysis refuse clear interpretation, thus providing new insights into the well-known objects.
Der Streit um die Birne. Autorschafts-Attributionstest mit Burrows’ Delta und dessen Optimierung für Kurztexte am Beispiel der ‚Halben Birne‘ des Konrad von Würzburg
Authors: Dimpel Friedrich Michael , Zeppezauer-Wachauer Katharina , Schlager Daniel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Short epics in Middle High German are a challenge for author attribution procedures as they involve dealing with short texts, incomplete normalisation, and generic tests. Firstly, the paper discusses optimisation methods using basic form and grammar tags extracted from the ‘Mittelhochdeutsche Begriffsdatenbank’ (Middle High German Conceptual Database). As part of this, an evaluation test with normalised Middle High German texts is carried out where 20 texts with known authorship are used as ‘guessing texts’ and a further 19 works of the same authors as ‘comparison texts’. The use of grammar tags or basic forms, instead of inflected word forms leads to a deterioration of the recognition rate and the combination of basic forms or grammar tags with word forms leads to a slight improvement.
Secondly, the authorship of the ‘Halbe Birne’ will be investigated with eight texts by Konrad von Würzburg, as well as a comparative corpus of 14 tales (German ‘Mären’) and seven novels. This leads to a direct calculation of which words can be specifically ascribed to Konrad von Würzburg. This method is first evaluated by determining the distinctive words on four Konrad texts; a control test on four other Konrad texts shows that a preferred use of the distinctive words leads to a significant increase in the recognition rate. Then, a Konrad-specific vocabulary is determined on the basis of eight Konrad texts. Using these distinctive words it can finally be shown that Konrad can be attributed with some certainty as the author of the ‘Halbe Birne’.
GIS als Hilfsmittel zur Analyse räumlicher Strukturen im östlichen Sachsen und Thüringen des 10. und frühen 11. Jahrhunderts: Eine Königslandschaft neu betrachtet
Authors: Fütterer Pierre 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
For some time, the use of GIS in the context of medieval studies has been increasing. Aside from providing opportunities to visualise historical data in an uncomplicated way, GIS offers numerous tools such as viewshed, kernel density estimation or georeferencing, allowing new insights into historical contexts, which at the same time can reveal new avenues for research. This paper illustrates both the potential and difficulties of working with GIS on the analysis of spatial structures in early medieval Eastern Saxony and Thuringia. The main outcomes are a very high settlement density in the entire investigation area, with special concentrations in the eastern Harz foreland, the Hassegau, as well as a rapid and early expansion of the Harz Mountains.
Sprachwissenschaftliche Erschließungsmethoden für digitale Editionen mittelhochdeutscher Texte
Authors: Griesinger Christian , Stolz Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper sheds light on the possibilities and perspectives of linking digital editions of Medieval German texts to each other and to other digital resources. Furthermore, it discusses some of the internal and technical conditions necessary to render this linkage meaningful, like lemmatisation, part-of-speech-tagging, and using standardised mark-up languages. Finally, the sustainability and reusability of digital editions are considered. While in the past, editions of medieval texts were conceived as rather isolated scholarly works of individual editors, nowadays the collaboration and cooperation of greater working groups is essential in editing projects. Due to the complexity of editions consisting of multiple textual layers, e. g. apparatus entries, annotations, or facsimiles, the requirements for future digital editions have risen. The first approach to respond to these demands is to link the various textual layers to each other, enabling the users to navigate between these layers in a sensible way. The second step is to link the edited text to other resources, such as online dictionaries or other editions, allowing complex research networks to be created. These goals are achieved by lemmatising and other tagging methods, ensuring the information being mapped to a normalised and idealised frame of reference. Common standards like Unicode or the TEI guidelines are of great importance for such purposes, as they assure the interchange and re-use of scientific data, as well as their sustainability.
Mittelhochdeutsche Lexikographie und Semantic Web. Die Anbindung der ‚Mittelhochdeutschen Begriffsdatenbank‘ an Linked Open Data
Authors: Hinkelmanns Peter 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The inclusion of Semantic Web technologies into the lexicographic ‘Middle High German Conceptual Database’ (MHDBDB) is a challenge for this long-term project. Since the 1970 s the Middle High German Concept Database has aimed to provide an onomasiological dictionary for Middle High German. The latest technological revision dates back to 1992, so there is a growing demand for more contemporary infrastructure and usability. The data models themselves, as well as the linking of data sets with authority files, need to be modernised to ensure compatibility with the Semantic Web. This paper summarises the current discussion on formats and ontologies for online dictionaries with a focus on Middle High German lexicography.
Die ‚Regesta Imperii‘ im digitalen Zeitalter. Das Regest als Netzwerk von Entitäten
Authors: Kuczera Andreas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the digital historical sciences, research datasets are generally highly connected. Using the example of the digital ‘Regesta Imperii’, this article will show how these networked structures can be modelled and analysed with the help of graph databases. In order to achieve relevant results with these new research perspectives, it is essential to closely dovetail scientific research perspectives and digital methodology. Graph modelling is especially helpful here, allowing to clearly map the structures of the technical problem in the graph in a way, understandable by the computer scientist. This serves as a solid basis for fruitful cooperation between digital humanities and medieval studies.
Das ‚Referenzkorpus Altdeutsch‘ als Lesekorpus. Grammatisch annotierte und mit Wörterbüchern verknüpfte Texte für Lehre und Selbststudium
Authors: Mittmann Roland , Plate Ralf 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Working with Old High German and Old Saxon texts has become rare in German language and literature studies. Nowadays, the brief introductions to historical linguistics and philology do not suffice to enable students to explore the oldest German texts in significant depth. A new tool could at least help move closer to this dept of textual exploration: an on-line publication of all Old High German and Old Saxon texts with a morphological word-by-word annotation.
The data has been collected by the research project ‘Old German Reference Corpus’ (‘Referenzkorpus Altdeutsch’ / ReA) and can already be used for complex database queries. Within the framework of the ‘eHumanities Centre for Historical Lexicography’ (eHumanities-Zentrum für Historische Lexikographie / ZHistLex), it has been converted into a clearly arranged format, focusing on the information needed for comprehending the texts: the ‘Lesekorpus Altdeutsch’ (LeA).
This tool can of course not replace the work with text editions, translations and commentaries, but will help pave the way from the first insight into the language to a profound understanding. Additionally, a supplemental both-way linking between every word token and the corresponding entry in the on-line dictionaries of historical German is being prepared.
Vom lokalen Bestand zur weltweiten Vernetzung. Mittelalterliche Handschriften im Netz
Authors: Schaßan Torsten , Steyer Timo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Using the example of the Herzog August Bibliothek, the paper shows how (medieval) manuscripts are currently catalogued in the digital environment and how the data is published and shared with other relevant communities. The paper focuses both on the process of data production as well as the exchange and re-use of data. In particular, the paper will discuss the challenges of distributing the data into non-specialised databases. Two elements are crucial here: firstly, the standardised modelling of manuscript-related information, including semantic enrichment. Secondly, the challenge of providing as much data as possible on the Web and offering interfaces to access the data.
Textmodellierung und Analyse von quasi-hierarchischen und varianten Liturgika des Mittelalters
Authors: Steiner Christian , Klugseder Robert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Digital Humanities project ‘CANTUS NETWORK. Libri ordinarii of the Salzburg metropolitan province’ undertakes research around the liturgy and music of the churches and monasteries of the medieval ecclesiastical province of Salzburg. Key sources are the liturgical ‘prompt books’, called libri ordinarii, which include a short form of more or less the entire rite of a diocese or a monastery. The workflow of the project is set in an environment called GAMS, a humanities research data repository built for long-term storage and presentation of data coming from the humanities. Digital editions of the libri ordinarii of the province were generated with the aim of enabling a comparative analysis of the various different traditions.
As a first step, the books were transcribed with strict rule-based tags in Microsoft Word and transformed to TEI using the community’s XSLT stylesheets and a Java-based script. Subsequently, Semantic Web technologies were deployed to foster graph-based search and analysis of the structured data. Possible future work on the topic is facilitated by the dissemination of content levels as Linked Open Data. Further analysis is conducted with the help of Natural Language Processing methods in order to find text similarities and differences between the libri ordinarii.
Advances in quantum light emission from 2D materials
Authors: Chakraborty Chitraleema , Vamivakas Nick , Englund Dirk 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are being actively researched due to their exotic electronic and optical properties, including a layer-dependent bandgap, a strong exciton binding energy, and a direct optical access to electron valley index in momentum space. Recently, it was discovered that 2D materials with bandgaps could host quantum emitters with exceptional brightness, spectral tunability, and, in some cases, also spin properties. This review considers the recent progress in the experimental and theoretical understanding of these localized defect-like emitters in a variety of 2D materials as well as the future advantages and challenges on the path toward practical applications.
Nanoscale spectroscopic imaging of GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well tube nanowires: correlating luminescence with nanowire size and inner multishell structure
Authors: Prete Paola , Wolf Daniel , Marzo Fabio , Lovergine Nico 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The luminescence and inner structure of GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well tube (QWT) nanowires were studied using low-temperature cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopic imaging, in combination with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography, allowing for the first time a robust correlation between the luminescence properties of these nanowires and their size and inner 3D structure down to the nanoscale. Besides the core luminescence and minor defects-related contributions, each nanowire showed one or more QWT peaks associated with nanowire regions of different diameters. The values of the GaAs shell thickness corresponding to each QWT peak were then determined from the nanowire diameters by employing a multishell growth model upon validation against experimental data (core diameter and GaAs and AlGaAs shell thickness) obtained from the analysis of the 3D reconstructed STEM tomogram of a GaAs-AlGaAs QWT nanowire. We found that QWT peak energies as a function of thus-estimated (3–7 nm) GaAs shell thickness are 40–120 meV below the theoretical values of exciton recombination for uniform QWTs symmetrically wrapped around a central core. However, the analysis of the 3D tomogram further evidenced azimuthal asymmetries as well as (azimuthal and axial) random fluctuations of the GaAs shell thickness, suggesting that the red-shift of QWT emissions is prominently due to carrier localization. The CL mapping of QWT emission intensities along the nanowire axis allowed to directly image the nanoscale localization of the emission, supporting the above picture. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the luminescence-structure relationship in QWT nanowires and will foster their applications as efficient nanolaser sources for future monolithic integration onto silicon.
Near-IR wide-field-of-view Huygens metalens for outdoor imaging applications
Authors: Engelberg Jacob , Zhou Chen , Mazurski Noa , Bar-David Jonathan , Kristensen Anders , Levy Uriel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The ongoing effort to implement compact and cheap optical systems is the main driving force for the recent flourishing research in the field of optical metalenses. Metalenses are a type of metasurface, used for focusing and imaging applications, and are implemented based on the nanopatterning of an optical surface. The challenge faced by metalens research is to reach high levels of performance using simple fabrication methods suitable for mass production. In this paper, we present a Huygens nanoantenna-based metalens, designed for outdoor photographic/surveillance applications in the near infrared. We show that good imaging quality can be obtained over a field of view as large as ±15°. This first successful implementation of metalenses for outdoor imaging applications is expected to provide insight and inspiration for future metalens imaging applications.
Biomimetic and bioinspired molecular electrets. How to make them and why does the established peptide chemistry not always work?
Authors: Skonieczny Kamil , Espinoza Eli M. , Derr James B. , Morales Maryann , Clinton Jillian M. , Xia Bing , Vullev Valentine I. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
“Biomimetic” and “bioinspired” define different aspects of the impacts that biology exerts on science and engineering. Biomimicking improves the understanding of how living systems work, and builds tools for bioinspired endeavors. Biological inspiration takes ideas from biology and implements them in unorthodox manners, exceeding what nature offers. Molecular electrets, i.e. systems with ordered electric dipoles, are key for advancing charge-transfer (CT) science and engineering. Protein helices and their biomimetic analogues, based on synthetic polypeptides, are the best-known molecular electrets. The inability of native polypeptide backbones to efficiently mediate long-range CT, however, limits their utility. Bioinspired molecular electrets based on anthranilamides can overcome the limitations of their biological and biomimetic counterparts. Polypeptide helices are easy to synthesize using established automated protocols. These protocols, however, fail to produce even short anthranilamide oligomers. For making anthranilamides, the residues are introduced as their nitrobenzoic-acid derivatives, and the oligomers are built from their C- to their N-termini via amide-coupling and nitro-reduction steps. The stringent requirements for these reduction and coupling steps pose non-trivial challenges, such as high selectivity, quantitative yields, and fast completion under mild conditions. Addressing these challenges will provide access to bioinspired molecular electrets essential for organic electronics and energy conversion.
A review of the application of sonophotocatalytic process based on advanced oxidation process for degrading organic dye
Authors: Zewde Abraham Amenay , Zhang Lingling , Li Zifu , Odey Emanuel Alepu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nowadays the use of conventional wastewater treatment methods is becoming increasingly challenging mainly due to the presence of organic matter in wastewater. Therefore, an emerging technology is needed to deal with these highly concentrated and toxic non-biodegradable organic matters. In the last few decades, advanced oxidation process (AOP) has emerged to treat wastewaters discharged from industries. Recently, researchers have shown interest to use the application of ultrasound (US) in photocatalysis, i.e. sonophotocatalysis, to improve the performance of the treatment process in the degradation of organic and inorganic contaminants in aqueous streams. Sonophotocatalysis is the combination of the use of ultraviolet (UV) and US.
Qualitätssicherung mittels angereicherten Prozessinformationen
Authors: Denkena Berend , Tönshoff Hans Kurt , Uhlich Florian , Kiesner Johann 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
In der Produktionstechnik findet eine zunehmende Digitalisierung und Vernetzung statt. Sie bietet vielfältige Einsatzmöglichkeit für neue Technologien, mit denen Prozesse transparenter gestaltbar und Optimierungsmaßnahmen effizienter umsetzbar sind. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Anwendungsfall aus der spanenden Fertigungstechnik beschrieben, bei dem Prozesskräfte mittels sensorischer Spanntechnik gemessen und mittels Augmented Reality visualisiert werden. Anhand der Ergebnisse wird erkennbar, dass durch die Kombination von sensorischer Spanntechnik und Augmented Reality eine einfache Interpretation komplexer Signale möglich wird.
Effect of Maltodextrin and Temperature on Micellar Behavior of Bile Salts in Aqueous Medium: Conductometric and Spectrofluorimetric Studies
Authors: Chauhan Suvarcha , Sharma Vivek , Singh Kuldeep , Chauhan M.S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Conductivity and fluorescence probe techniques have been employed to study the micellar behavior of bile salts i.e. sodium cholate (1–20 mmol⋅kg−1) and sodium deoxycholate (0.5–10.0 mmol⋅kg−1) in aqueous solutions of maltodextrin (0.0, 0.5, 1.1, and 1.6 mmol⋅kg−1) at different temperatures. The influence of maltodextrin on the micellization behavior of bile salts has been determined in terms of critical micelle concentration (CMC) values obtained from conductivity measurement. The variation in CMC values has been discussed by considering the alteration in the hydrophobic environment of maltodextrin-sodium cholate/sodium deoxycholate complex imparted by the carbohydrate molecules. In order to substantiate the CMC values determined from conductivity method, the fluorescence probe study of aqueous sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate solutions in presence of fluorescent, pyrene has also been carried. The CMC values obtained from both techniques are in full agreement with each other. Moreover, application of charged pseudo-phase separation model has been made to discuss the thermodynamics of the system.
Adsorption of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid from Aqueous Solution Using Carbonized Chest Nut as Low Cost Adsorbent: Kinetic and Thermodynamic
Authors: Gülen Jale , Aslan Sabri 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The activated carbon was made of carbonized chest nut shell (CCS) and used as low cost adsorbent for 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) removal. The experiments were conducted at different temperatures such as 35, 45 and 55 °C and this system represents as L type adsorption behavior. The experimental data were modelled using several isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin Radushkevich. The adsorption dynamics were searched by applying pseudo first, pseudo second and intra particle diffusion models. The thermodynamic approach was conducted for determining the thermodynamic values of ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG°.
Pore Pressure Increase and Evaluation in Saturated Sand Based on In Situ Liquefaction Tests
Authors: Fu Haiqing , Yuan Jinyuan , Yuan Xiaoming 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Through self-developed testing technology, in situ liquefaction tests were conducted to investigate pore pressure responses of saturated sand in the field, and a new incremental model is proposed to predict pore pressure increase in saturated sand liquefaction. The pore pressure generation of saturated sand in the field is slower than that shown through the dynamic triaxial test. In situ testing results herein indicate that the effect of number-of-cycle is different from the results obtained from the dynamic triaxial test. The variation of pore pressure rise in the in situ tests initially increases then decreases with the increasing number of loading cycles rather than a monotonic decrease mode. Different from existing models, the new pore pressure model is directly expressed with in situ parameters, such as acceleration, buried depth, etc., which are commonly applied to describe soil characteristics in the field. The advantages of the proposed formula by in situ tests are that it avoids uncertain stress evaluation during establishment and application of the new model and can greatly reduce artificial errors. Comparisons between predicted and measured results indicate the reliability of the new model. The proposed model can conveniently evaluate the pore pressure increase of saturated sand in a free horizontal field.