bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Youth impact on the public sphere in Press and Twitter: The dissolution of the Spanish Youth Council
Authors: Clua Anna , Ferran-Ferrer Núria , Terren Ludovic 
Published: February 2018

This paper aims to contribute to the study of the difficulties that young people face in accessing the public sphere as political actors. It looks at the Press coverage and the Twitter activity surrounding the restructuring process and the subsequent dissolution of the Spanish Youth Council (Consejo de la Juventud de España - CJE). A content analysis was carried out on the news published in 22 newspapers between 2012 and 2014, as well as on the use of Twitter within the framework of the “Salvemos el CJE” campaign during the same period of time. The main objective of the analysis has been to see the prominence of this issue on both the media and citizens’ agendas. In most newspapers, the measures taken by the government vis-á-vis the CJE were treated as punctual news of peripheral importance. The online campaign, mainly orchestrated by youth grassroots movements, raised the controversy on the biased nature and the political consequences of this plan. The core of the campaign addressed the representation of young people in public institutions. The results of the study suggest that the increased potential for visibility offered by social media is not always maximized and does not necessarily alter the prominence of an issue in the public sphere.
Este artículo pretende contribuir al estudio de las dificultades que encuentran los jóvenes a la hora de acceder a la esfera pública como actores políticos. Concretamente, se centra la atención en la cobertura en prensa y la repercusión en Twitter de la información relativa al proceso de disolución del Consejo de la Juventud de España (CJE). El texto da cuenta del análisis de contenido realizado sobre las noticias aparecidas en 22 periódicos españoles entre los años 2012 y 2014, así como del análisis del posicionamiento en Twitter de la campaña «Salvemos el CJE» durante el mismo período de tiempo. El principal objetivo es ver cómo la cuestión de la disolución del CJE es planteada desde la agenda mediática y desde la agenda ciudadana. En la mayoría de periódicos analizados, las medidas tomadas por el gobierno respecto al CJE son tratadas como un hecho noticioso puntual y de baja repercusión. La campaña online ofrece un discurso gestado desde los movimientos juveniles de base y plantea abiertamente la controversia acerca del sesgo y las consecuencias políticas de esta medida. La campaña gira entorno a la representación de la juventud en las instituciones públicas. Los resultados del estudio muestran cómo las crecientes oportunidades de visibilización que ofrecen las redes sociales no siempre comportan un mejor posicionamiento de un tema en la esfera pública.
Étude qualitative auprès des utilisateurs de cigarette électronique : pratiques, usages, représentations
Authors: Fontaine Astrid , Artigas Fernanda 
Published: February 2018

Introduction :	Les cigarettes électroniques sont des dispositifs sans combustion qui permettent de simuler l’acte de fumer du tabac, en vaporisant un « e-liquide » et diffusant un aérosol que l’utilisateur inhale. Même si l’engouement remarqué en 2012-2013 s’est ralenti, la cigarette électronique fait aujourd’hui partie du paysage des fumeurs qui cherchent une alternative au tabac et à l’abstinence et les tabacologues ont à répondre à la demande grandissante des fumeurs et à adopter une position claire face à ce dispositif.	Méthodes :	Les résultats présentés sont issus d’une étude qualitative réalisée avec le soutien financier de la Direction Générale de la Santé, l’une des directions du ministère des Affaires sociales et de la Santé. Elle a été conduite en France, de septembre 2014 à janvier 2016.	Résultats :	Elle se fonde sur un travail de terrain classique en ethnologie : observations lors d’événements regroupant des usagers de cigarettes électroniques et 25 entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec des profils variés permettant d’explorer un champ encore méconnu. Cette étude contribue à l’observation et à la compréhension d’un phénomène naissant, susceptible de changer durablement notre rapport au tabac.	Discussion :	Elle montre la grande variété des profils, parmi les fumeurs, intéressés par la cigarette électronique. Hommes, femmes, jeunes ou anciens fumeurs, adoptent des postures différentes au moment d’essayer ce dispositif et les usages évoluent dans les mois qui suivent cette expérimentation.
Une méta-synthèse sur le genre, le handicap et la santé reproductive en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Mac-Seing Muriel , Zarowsky Christina 
Published: February 2018

Introduction : La santé reproductive constitue encore un enjeu de santé mondiale important. Cette situation est exacerbée chez la population handicapée aux prises avec diverses barrières d’accès et de discrimination qui restent peu comprises. Pour contribuer aux interventions futures, nous avons examiné comment, au sein de la recherche qualitative, les intersections entre le genre et le handicap en matière de santé reproductive en Afrique subsaharienne sont discutées. Méthodes : Une méta-synthèse est menée, en utilisant l’analyse taxonomique. Une approche inductive et itérative est adoptée pour faire émerger de nouvelles variations sémantiques. Pour le codage des thématiques, NVivo11 Plus est utilisé. Résultats : Dix études qualitatives, provenant de six pays en Afrique subsaharienne, ont été analysées. Deux thématiques principales ont émergé de l’analyse, soit 1) les rôles genrés des personnes handicapées sont programmés par la normativité socioculturelle, exacerbés par l’hégémonie du capacitisme et modulés par le type de problème de santé reproductive concerné ; et 2) les expériences du handicap, en interaction avec un enjeu de santé reproductive, sont exacerbées par le type de handicap, modulées par le type de barrières, et perçues de différentes manières selon les acteurs impliqués. Discussion : Les intersections entre le genre et le handicap, animant les personnes handicapées, sont plurielles et complexes. Non seulement les rôles genrés imposés influencent leur vie, mais leurs expériences du handicap sont aussi étroitement liées au genre. Une analyse intersectionnelle est proposée en guise de piste de solution.
What Drives Innovation and How Its Relevance is Established. A Perspective on Electric Vehicle Promotion in La Rochelle and Gothenburg : 1989-2000
Authors: Rupeka Marika 
Published: February 2018

En France et en Suède, la promotion des véhicules électriques est depuis quelques années poursuivie en lien avec les politiques de décarbonisation du secteur des transports, et, par-là, les efforts de lutte contre les changements climatiques. Basée sur le nucléaire en France et sur une combinaison d’énergies renouvelables en Suède, la structure de la production énergétique permet aux institutions nationales de juger l’électrification des transports comme un choix pertinent. C’est notamment grâce aux analyses de cycle de vie que les estimations d’impact environnemental sont déduites. Au-delà du discours sur le climat et la santé environnementale, se poursuit une forte motivation de conquérir de nouveaux marchés par la technologie « verte ». Quels liens pouvons-nous établir entre ces motivations et quel est leur impact sur les territoires urbains ? Pour y répondre, cet article de recherche propose une étude parallèle de stratégies de promotion des véhicules électriques à Göteborg et à La Rochelle au cours des années 1990. Questionner pourquoi les territoires innovent and comment l’intérêt des transformations sociotechniques est établi nous permet de rentrer dans un débat historique sur la nécessité d’étudier les motivations qui poussent les territoires à innover autant que les processus de transformation. Cet article démontre qu’il existe (au moins) trois différentes perspectives par lesquelles on argumente la pertinence d’innover : 1/la perspective de l’histoire politique de la ville et de la région, 2/la perspective internationale, 3/la perspective de l’individu (de l’usager). À ces trois niveaux, les cultures organisationnelles et les intentions des entreprises se traduisent dans les discours sur l’intérêt de l’innovation territoriale, et ce en matière des motivations, des attitudes, du vocabulaire et des méthodes.
Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hemagglutinins to APCs for Induction of Broad Immunity against Influenza
Authors: Anderson Ane Marie , Baranowska-Hustad Marta , Braathen Ranveig , Grodeland Gunnveig , Bogen Bjarne 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
There is a need for vaccines that can confer broad immunity against highly diverse pathogens, such as influenza. The efficacy of conventional influenza vaccines is dependent on accurate matching of vaccines to circulating strains, but slow and limited production capacities increase the probability of vaccine mismatches. In contrast, DNA vaccination allows for rapid production of vaccines encoding novel influenza Ags. The efficacy of DNA vaccination is greatly improved if the DNA-encoded vaccine proteins target APCs. In this study, we have used hemagglutinin (HA) genes from each of six group 1 influenza viruses (H5, H6, H8, H9, H11, and H13), and inserted these into a DNA vaccine format that induces delivery of the HA protein Ags to MHC class II molecules on APCs. Each of the targeted DNA vaccines induced high titers of strain-specific anti-HA Abs. Importantly, when the six HA vaccines were mixed and injected simultaneously, the strain-specific Ab titers were maintained. In addition, the vaccine mixture induced Abs that cross-reacted with strains not included in the vaccine mixture (H1) and could protect mice against a heterosubtypic challenge with the H1 viruses A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) and A/California/07/2009 (H1N1). The data suggest that vaccination with a mixture of HAs could be useful for induction of strain-specific immunity against strains represented in the mixture and, in addition, confer some degree of cross-protection against unrelated influenza strains.
Th1, Th17, and Th1Th17 Lymphocytes during Tuberculosis: Th1 Lymphocytes Predominate and Appear as Low-Differentiated CXCR3+CCR6+ Cells in the Blood and Highly Differentiated CXCR3+/−CCR6− Cells in the Lungs
Authors: Nikitina Irina Yu. , Panteleev Alexander V. , Kosmiadi George A. , Serdyuk Yana V. , Nenasheva Tatiana A. , Nikolaev Alexander A. , Gorelova Lubov A. , Radaeva Tatiana V. , Kiseleva Yana Yu. , Bozhenko Vladimir K. , Lyadova Irina V. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTh1 lymphocytes are considered the main mediators of protection against tuberculosis (TB); however, their phenotypic characteristics and relationship with Th17 and Th1Th17 populations during TB are poorly understood. We have analyzed Th1, Th17, and Th1Th17 lymphocytes in the blood and pulmonary lesions of TB patients. The populations were identified based on the production of IFN-γ and/or IL-17 and the coexpression of CXCR3 (X3) and CCR6 (R6). In the blood, IL-17+ and IFN-γ+IL-17+ lymphocytes were barely detectable (median, &lt;0.01% of CD4+ lymphocytes), whereas IFN-γ+ lymphocytes predominated (median, 0.45%). Most IFN-γ+ lymphocytes (52%) were X3+R6+, suggesting their “nonclassical” (ex-Th17) nature. In the lungs, IL-17+ and IFN-γ+IL-17+ lymphocytes were more frequent (0.3%, p &lt; 0.005), yet IFN-γ+ cells predominated (11%). Phenotypically, lung CD4+ cells were X3+/loR6−. The degree of differentiation of blood effector CD4+ lymphocytes (evaluated based on CD62L/CD27/CD28 coexpression) increased as follows: X3+R6+ &lt; X3+R6− &lt; X3−R6−, with X3−R6− cells being largely terminally differentiated CD62L−CD27−CD28− cells. Lung CD4+ lymphocytes were highly differentiated, recalling blood X3+/−R6− populations. Following in vitro stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 Abs, X3+R6+CD4+ lymphocytes converted into X3+R6− and X3−R6− cells. The results demonstrate that, during active TB, Th1 lymphocytes predominate in blood and lungs, document differences in X3/R6 expression by blood and lung CD4+ cells, and link the pattern of X3/R6 expression with the degree of cell differentiation. These findings add to the understanding of immune mechanisms operating during TB and are relevant for the development of better strategies to control it.
Estrategias culturales frente a la crisis ecosocial. Creación audiovisual y participación local en el proyecto Inner Nature Exhibition
Authors: López de Frutos Estela , Rodríguez Mattalía Lorena , Sgaramella Chiara 
Published: February 2018

<p class="CM11"><span class="Ninguno"><span lang="ES-TRAD">INNER NATURE EXHIBITION es un proyecto de gestión cultural sin ánimo de lucro cuyo objetivo es reflexionar sobre la crisis ecosocial. Se trata de una muestra audiovisual itinerante que dialoga con otras propuestas organizadas por los diferentes centros que la acogen a nivel nacional e internacional, generando puntos de encuentro, intercambio y reflexión. En su tercera convocatoria la propuesta plantea nuevas fórmulas de relación entre estos contextos locales y las problemáticas globales. Necesitamos urgentemente herramientas culturales para visibilizar la crisis ecológica y deconstruir los discursos dominantes que legitiman un sistema insostenible. Cuestiones como el pico de los combustibles fósiles o el cambio climático plantean la perspectiva de un colapso ecosocial sin precedentes. Es por ello que resulta imprescindible construir formas alternativas de trabajar en el territorio más cercano, repensando nuestro sentido de lo común desde una imbricación simultánea con estructuras internacionales, que puedan buscar respuestas a problemas compartidos. En este contexto, planteamos estudiar el potencial de la creación audiovisual para contribuir a una toma de conciencia de la situación, pero desde una visión crítica con los discursos más tecnófilos que tienden a olvidar su dependencia ecosistémica. La experiencia de INNER NATURE EXHIBITION nos sirve como estudio de caso para analizar en la práctica las principales aportaciones y los posibles límites de este tipo de iniciativas culturales. </span></span></p>
El invisible y la no-materialidad de las cosas de la isla
Authors: Vieira Terra Tatiana 
Published: February 2018

<p class="CM11"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Una isla situada en la meseta central del Brasil se convierte en el espacio gravitacional de un viaje artístico de exploración. Despegues y fluctuaciones alternan durante la expedición. Estar en la isla también significa ser el punto focal de un telescopio invertido donde el dialogo se construye a partir de las cosas que habitan en los espacios cercanos e infinitos, en el flujo de las relaciones entre ellas y el sujeto en el espacio. Las narrativas visuales proporcionadas por el viaje, surgieron a partir de los deseos, de las confrontaciones y de las sorpresas vividas durante las pausas y comuniones invocadas por la no materialidad de las cosas que viven allí. El texto narra la expedición a la isla, trae imágenes producidas a partir de la experiencia vivida e invita a una reflexión sobre las voces silenciosas de las cosas en el espacio, la visión invisible y la resonancia interna del sujeto.</span></p>
Mycological and Serological Study of Invasive Aspergillosis in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: KAUR Sumanpreet , GUPTA Veenu , CHHİNA Deepinder Kaur , SİNGH Akashdeep , SHARMA Daaman 
Published: February 2018

Objectives: Invasive
aspergillosis (IA) has emerged as a major life threatening infection in high
risk patients. Recent advances have led to early diagnosis of IA by detecting Aspergillus antigens in serum
particularly Galactomannan (GM). Objective of the study was to correlate fungal
smear, culture and Galactomannan assay in patients with suspected IA and to
categorize them into “proven,” “probable,” and “possible,” cases as per
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses study
group case definitions (EORTC/MSG) criteria.

Methods: The prospective
study was conducted over a period of one year in the department of
Microbiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. A total of 319
patients with suspicion of IA were included in the study. GM antigen detection
test was done from serum samples. KOH mount was done and samples were
inoculated on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA). Growth obtained was analyzed as
per standard protocol.

Results: GM assay positivity
among suspected patients of IA was 47%. The mean age group affected was 51.8
years (51.8±15.2) and majority was males (78.1%). The patients were categorized
as Proven IA (0%), Probable IA (52.7%), Possible IA (41.4%) and No IA (5.9%). Aspergillus flavus was the most common
isolate (77.4%)

Conclusion: The study
demonstrated that serological tests have an edge over routine smear and culture
for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Thus, Galactomannan assay is a
useful diagnostic for early detection of IA in high risk patients. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 8(1):8-12
Aplikované tělocvičné aktivity žáků s dětskou mozkovou obrnou
Authors: Spurná Miroslava , Kudláček Martin 
Published: February 2018

Regular and optimum activity is primarily one of the preconditions for obtaining and maintaining human´s physical and mental condition. For pupils with physical disabilities are suitably chosen gym activity also considered a suitable means of socialization and integration of pupils into the intact population. Th e importance of physical education and its implementation in the context of physical education in recent times we read mostly in the context of issues of integration of pupils with disabilities into mainstream schools. Th ere are not so many special educational books which are dealt with the shape of physical education and pupils in special schools. Th e main aim of this article is to describe the current status of participation of students with physical disability in the physical education and show the possible form and method of the gyms activity these students. Th e target group was students with cerebral palsy attending primary school for students with multiple disabilities in Olomouc. Th e results illustrate the importance of institutional forms of gyms activities such as physical education and school sports clubs, which are for most students the only physical activities throughout the day. Other factors signifi cantly aff ecting the rate of participation of pupils are level of pupils‘ motorical skills, family approach to the physical activities and pupils' access to informations in the physical activities field. Th ese aspects must by taken as the basis for planning and implementation of gyms activities pupils with physical disabilities.
Vplyv 3-mesačnej kondičnej prípravy na výkon a maximálne hodnoty krvného laktátu v teste OKIZ hráčov frisbee ultimate
Authors: Vanderka Marián 
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study was to fi nd the effi ciency rate of 3 month conditioning upon performance in sprint fatigue test and blood lactate level. Th e training load was given by anaerobic endurance training with repeated 200 m and sprint endurance work out with repeated 60 m, once weekly they run also 40 min. of aerobic endurance training in regeneration zone. Th e hypothesis was confi rmed, aft er 3 month preparation the blood lactate levels aft er sprint fatigue test were signifi cantly higher, from input 15.1±1.7 to output 17.4±2.2 mmol.l-1 (p<0.05). Also fatigue index decreased from 0.42±0.11s to 0.30±0.11s (p<0.05) in absolute values. In input output analysis of relative values it was decreased from 6.92 % up to 5.03 % (p<0.01). Accordingly we advise for conditioning the anaerobic high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) with non specifi c state, so that to create suffi cient reserve for increase intensity in some parts of the game.
Změna teplot sněhu při běhu na lyžích v obraze sekvenční termografie
Authors: Novotný Jan , Ondráček Jan , Novotný sr. Jan 
Published: February 2018

Twenty years ago it was shown that friction increases the temperature of snow skis. Change of state permits for water skis glide. Th e aim of this pilot study was to determine whether dynamic infrared thermography is able to capture rapid changes in temperature of snow some areas (not just at one point), the ski tracks before and aft er passing. We monitored the snow on the track aft er 60 races two runners in various weights (86 and 73 kg) on two types of skis and lubrication (for classic and skating cross) and three diff erent speeds (3,04±0,180, 3,81±0,273 a 5,30±0,314 m.s-1). Measurements of infrared radiation and the calculation of snow surface temperature immediately before and aft er passing skier was carried out thermo-graphic system FLIR SC620 with 30 Mhz. Nonparametric Wilcoxon test for paired comparison of values was found signifi cant increases in temperature aft er the snow cleared the skies: runner A from -3,71 to -3,50 °C (p=0,000000) and runner B from -3,75 na -3,50 °C (p=0,000000). To return to the baseline temperature is within 5 seconds aft er passing. Diff erences were demonstrated in the heat of snow between runners with diff erent masses and for the use of diff erent types of skis. Th e study confi rmed the ability of dynamic infrared thermography to register a very rapid temperature changes of snow in an area immediately before and aft er crossing the cross-country skiers. Dimensional dynamic thermography would seem to contribute to the choice of the correct strategy and lubrication in ski racing. However, it is necessary to make a series of validation studies.
Současný přístup k hodnocení talentů pro krátký triatlon v České republice
Authors: Kovářová Lenka , Kovář Karel 
Published: February 2018

The article presents new fi ndings regarding the evaluation system of talent prerequisites for short triathlon in the pre-peak period, i.e. in junior category (18 – 19 years). We present the current battery of tests and three case studies that bring the possibility of data interpretation. For the evaluation, we used standards (T-points) for individual tests, which illustrate intra- and interindividual diff erences with respect to a given model – the norm. We found out that a below-average result reached in one of the tested areas cannot be compensated by any above-average result in another area. Th e most important issue for the assessment of future performance in triathlon is to fi nd the lower limit of 45 T-points, rather than achieving the highest level in some of the tests. For the selection of talented athletes at the age of 18 – 19 years, it is desirable to seek an individual, who has achieved outstanding results in tests that can be considered to be less aff ected by training (ECM/BCM, VO2max, mobility and concentration of attention); however, another necessary precondition is also the high level of swimming tests with regard to age of athletes. It is rather essential to distinguish between highly trained individuals who already have the minimal capacity for improvement and may not be perspective in the categories K 23 and seniors (the peak of their careers is the junior age).
Ekonomika ve sportu – Maximalizace zisku v rámci profesionálních sportovních lig Severní Ameriky
Authors: Chwasczc Ondřej , Pětivlas Tomáš 
Published: February 2018

Our work presents the professional sports league in North America in comparison with sports organizations in Europe. Based on that comparison, we found signifi cant diff erences, which result in diff erent behavior of clubs in North America and Europe. Clubs in North America achieve a monopoly position in relation to its surroundings due to the nature of the league. While these separate entities mutually cooperate having implemented organizational rules that prevent from dominance of one club. Th e combination of monopoly power and mutual cooperation results in the possibility of economic gain, which is for the clubs in Europe or for normal economic subjects operating in market environment unapproachable. Abuse of monopoly position of the clubs is noticeable mostly in the subsidies provided by local governments or towns to local sports club. Th ese public funds are not the most effi cient investments for locations mentioned above, as we demonstrated by a case analysis of the Miami Heat basketball club.