bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odors from phylogenetically-distant plants to Brassicaceae repel an herbivorous Brassica specialist
Authors: Stratton Chase A. , Hodgdon Elisabeth , Rodriguez-Saona Cesar , Shelton Anthony M. , Chen Yolanda H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSpecialist insect herbivores are constrained by highly specific odor recognition systems to accept suitable host plants. Given that odor recognition leads specialist insects to accept a limited range of plants, we hypothesized that phylogenetically distant plants produce odors that are physicochemically different from host odors and would be less attractive or even repellent to a specialist herbivore. We tested this hypothesis by examining behavioral and ovipositional responses of swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii, Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a specialist of brassicas, to broccoli sprayed with non-host essential oils. Specifically, we asked: (1) How do essential oils from different plant species influence host-seeking and oviposition behaviors of swede midge? (2) Do odors from non-host plants that are not phylogenetically related or physicochemically similar to host plants affect host-seeking or ovipositional behavior of swede midge? In oviposition assays, we found that non-host odors varied in their ability to modify female midge behavior and that phylogenetic relatedness was negatively correlated with larval density. In y-tube assays, we found that female midges most frequently avoided non-host odors that were more similar to brassica odors. Females were less likely to oviposit on or choose any treated host plants, but particularly avoided garlic, spearmint, thyme, eucalyptus lemon, and cinnamon bark treatments. Overall, we found that plant phylogenetic relatedness and odor similarity are related to repellency. Therefore, altering the diversity of plant odors by explicitly accounting for plant phylogenetic distance and odor similarity, relative to host plants, may be an important, underexploited tactic for sustainably managing challenging pests.
Simulated microgravity increases polyploid giant cancer cells and nuclear localization of YAP
Authors: Arun Raj Pranap , Sivanesan Divya , Patra Bamadeb , Varadaraj Sudha , Verma Rama Shanker 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhysical cues are vital in determining cellular fate in cancer. In vitro 3D culture do not replicate forces present in vivo. These forces including tumor interstitial fluid pressure and matrix stiffness behave as switches in differentiation and metastasis, which are intricate features of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Gravity determines the effect of these physical factors on cell fate and functions as evident from microgravity experiments on space and ground simulations. Here, we described the role of simulation of microgravity (SMG) using rotary cell culture system (RCCS) in increasing stemness in human colorectal cancer cell HCT116. We observed distinct features of cancer stem cells including CD133/CD44 dual positive cells and migration in SMG which was not altered by autophagy induction or inhibition. 3D and SMG increased autophagy, but the flux was staggered under SMG. Increased unique giant cancer cells housing complete nuclear localization of YAP were observed in SMG. This study highlights the role of microgravity in regulating stemness in CSC and importance of physical factors in determining the same.
Anticancer properties of 5Z-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-2-(4-hydroxyphenylamino)-thiazol-4-one
Authors: Szychowski Konrad A. , Kaminskyy Danylo V. , Leja Marcin L. , Kryshchyshyn Anna P. , Lesyk Roman B. , Tobiasz Jakub , Wnuk Maciej , Pomianek Tadeusz , Gmiński Jan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract4-thiazolidinones, which are privileged structures in medicinal chemistry, comprise the well-known class of heterocycles and are a source of new drug-like compounds. Undoubtedly, the 5-bulky-substituted-2,4-thiazolidinediones - a class of antihyperglycemic glitazones, which are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists, are the most described group among them. As there are various chemically distinct 4-thiazolidinones, different subtypes have been selected for studies; however, their main pharmacological profiles are similar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of 5Z-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-2-(4-hydroxyphenylamino)-thiazol-4-one (Les-236) in four human cancer cell lines, A549, SCC-15, SH-SY5Y, and CACO-2, and investigate its impact on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the apoptotic process as well as cytotoxicity and metabolism in these cell lines. The cell lines were exposed to increasing concentrations (1 nM to 100 µM) of the studied compound for 6, 24, and 48 h, and later, ROS production, cell viability, caspase-3 activity, and cell metabolism were examined. The obtained results showed that the studied compound decreased the production of ROS, increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased cell metabolism/proliferation in all the five cell lines at micromolar concentrations. Interestingly, over a wide range of concentrations (from 1 nM to 100 µM), Les-236 was able to increase the activity of caspase-3 in BJ (after 6 h of exposure), A549, CACO-2, and SCC-15 (after 48 h of exposure) cell lines which could be an effect of the activation of PPARγ-dependent pathways.
Microstructure Control and Performance Evolution of Aluminum Alloy 7075 by Nano-Treating
Authors: Zuo Min , Sokoluk Maximilian , Cao Chezheng , Yuan Jie , Zheng Shiqi , Li Xiaochun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNano-treating is a novel concept wherein a low percentage of nanoparticles is used for microstructural control and property tuning in metals and alloys. The nano-treating of AA7075 was investigated to control its microstructure and improve its structural stability for high performance. After treatment with TiC nanoparticles, the grains were significantly refined from coarse dendrites of hundreds of micrometers to fine equiaxial ones smaller than 20 μm. After T6 heat treatment, the grains, with an average size of 18.5 μm, remained almost unchanged, demonstrating an excellent thermal stability. It was found that besides of growth restriction factor by pinning behavior on grain boundries, TiC nanoparticles served as both an effective nucleation agent for primary grains and an effective secondary phase modifier in AA7075. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of nano-treated AA7075 were improved over those of the pure alloy. Thus, nano-treating provides a new method to enhance the performance of aluminum alloys for numerous applications.
Effects of an Intensive Exercise-Based Swallowing Program for Persons With Parkinson's Disease and Complex Medical History: A Single-Case Experiment
Authors: Jenks Jocelyn , Pitts Laura L. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Dysphagia treatments to address the deterioration of oropharyngeal and respiratory functions in Parkinson's disease (PD) are few and rarely researched in persons with complex medical histories. This research note explored the effects of an intensive exercise-based swallowing program (ISP) that incorporated lingual and respiratory exercises for persons with PD and complex medical history.

Method

A single-case experiment was conducted across a 4-week ISP of lingual training and expiratory muscle strengthening for 2 participants (67-year-old man and 61-year-old woman). Probes included tongue strength and maximum expiratory pressure. Generalization measures included the Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (
Mann, 2002
), Timed Water Test (
Hughes & Wiles, 1996
), Repetitive Saliva Swallow Test (
Oguchi et al., 2000
), Functional Oral Intake Scale (
Crary, Carnaby Mann, & Groher, 2005
), and Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire (
McHorney et al., 2002
).

Results

Gains occurred in tongue strength and maximum expiratory pressure (
p
≤ .002) with large effect sizes (
d
≥ 1.3) as well as Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability and Timed Water Test performance. Repetitive Saliva Swallow Test performance and Functional Oral Intake Scale improved for 1 participant, whereas the other maintained function. Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire remained largely unchanged; however, participants indicated they became more aware of their swallowing difficulties at posttreatment.

Conclusions
Persons with PD and complex medical history demonstrated increased lingual and expiratory muscle strength following a brief intensive program, which further generalized to select clinical swallowing measures. Findings suggest an overall positive and potentially additive or synergistic effect of an ISP. Future research may refine optimal candidacy and regimens for ISPs, which may help to maximize clinically meaningful returns, especially considering the increased demands of an intensive program.
Signals with zero autocorrelation zone for the synthesised aperture radar
Authors: Ipanov R.N. 
Published: July 2019

For the synthesised aperture radar, the radar signal with a zero autocorrelation zone (ZACZ) is synthesised, which represents a sequence from two phase‐code shift keying (PCSK) pulses coded by adjacent pairs of the D‐code with additional linear frequency shift‐keying (LFSK) of the train pulse discrete value. A comparative analysis is performed of correlation characteristics of the synthesised signal with the signal without discrete modulation and the truncated M‐sequence. Total correlation characteristics of the ensemble from four signals are also analysed. It is shown that in ZACZ, the level of all side lobes of the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the synthesised signal is less than the level of the ACF side lobes of the M‐sequence. The total ACF of the ensemble of four signals both with modulation and without the discrete modulation has zero side lobes along with the whole time axis τ, and at mismatch in frequency in ZACZ, it has the side lobe level <−40 dB.
Midcarpal Structure Effect on Force Distribution through the Radiocarpal Joint
Authors: Wollstein Ronit , Kramer Aviv , Friedlander Scott , Werner Frederick 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Wrist structure is complicated by distinct anatomical patterns. Previous studies defined radiographic wrist types based on lunate and capitate shape within the midcarpal joint. We hypothesized that these disparate structural patterns will transfer forces differently through the wrist.
Objective This study aims to correlate force transferred to the distal radius and ulna with morphological measurements in cadaver arms.
Methods Radiographs from 46 wrists, previously tested for force transfer between the radius and ulna, were examined. The percentage of compressive force through the distal ulna was determined by mounting load cells to the radius and ulna, while 22.2 Newton (N) tensile forces were individually applied to multiple tendons. Each wrist was tested in a neutral flexion–extension and radial-ulnar deviation position.
Results Wrist type and lunate type were associated with percentage of force transfer through the ulna (p = 0.002, p = 0.0003, respectively). Percentage of force transfer was correlated with capitate circumference (p = 0.02, r = 0.34).
Conclusions This study supports distinct force transfer between morphological wrist types.
Clinical Relevance Understanding the mechanical significance of different structural variations in the wrist bones will improve our ability to understand wrist function and the distinctive development of wrist pathology.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II study.
Developmental topography of cortical thickness during infancy
Authors: Wang Fan , Lian Chunfeng , Wu Zhengwang , Zhang Han , Li Tengfei , Meng Yu , Wang Li , Lin Weili , Shen Dinggang , Li Gang 
Published: July 2019

SignificanceDuring the first 2 postnatal years, the human brain undergoes dynamic growth and shows rapid expansions in behavioral and cognitive abilities. Charting the developmental patterns of cortical thickness in healthy infants is important for understanding many neurodevelopmental disorders, which unfortunately remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigate the infantile developmental regionalization of cortical thickness, which describes regions naturally formed during the dynamic development of cortical thickness and differs markedly from conventional anatomical parcellations. Meanwhile, this study delineates the inverted U-shaped developmental trajectory and peak age of cortical thickness, which clarifies the previous ambiguity on the peaking time of cortical thickness during early brain development.
Membraneless polyester microdroplets as primordial compartments at the origins of life
Authors: Jia Tony Z. , Chandru Kuhan , Hongo Yayoi , Afrin Rehana , Usui Tomohiro , Myojo Kunihiro , Cleaves H. James 
Published: July 2019

SignificanceThe prebiotic milieu was likely heterogeneous, consisting of a large number of chemicals and their associated reactions, including those not only of biological compounds, but also nonbiological compounds. Although origins of life research has focused primarily on biological molecules, the nonbiological molecules which were also present may have assisted evolving chemical systems in unforeseen ways. Thus, we synthesized and assembled membraneless polyester microdroplets from drying of pools of simple α-hydroxy acid monomers and showed that they can act as plausible prebiotic compartments. By having the capacity to undergo combinatorial rearrangement, these microdroplets could have developed versatile abilities to host early genetic and metabolic systems critical for the origins of life.
Rebuilding global fisheries under uncertainty
Authors: Memarzadeh Milad , Britten Gregory L. , Worm Boris , Boettiger Carl 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Many fisheries that have been historically overexploited are now considered to be rebuilding, with a hope that current best practices could ensure the recovery of most overfished species by mid century. Our analysis suggests this optimism may be premature, as current projections typically assume managers can have perfect measurements of current stock sizes. We demonstrate how such an assumption can undermine rebuilding efforts under current best practices and even drive unintentional stock declines. By borrowing novel decision methods from the field of robotics, we also show how stock rebuilding can be achieved in the face of measurement and environmental uncertainty, while also achieving higher economic returns than expected under current approaches.
A tumor-targeted immune checkpoint blocker
Authors: Zhang Yuhan , Fang Changming , Wang Rongsheng E. , Wang Ying , Guo Hui , Guo Chao , Zhao Lijun , Li Shuhong , Li Xia , Schultz Peter G. , Cao Yu J. , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Current immune checkpoint inhibitors are not tumor specific and induce systemic immune activation in other tissues and organs. Combination immunotherapies further amplify these toxicities, which limit their clinical application. Here, we describe a strategy to direct checkpoint inhibition to the tumor microenvironment while avoiding systemic immune activation. Specifically, we have synthesized a bispecific antibody by conjugating an MSH analog to the αPD-L1 antibody avelumab. This bispecific antibody binds both MC1R and PD-L1 on cancer cells, shows excellent in vitro activities, and has enhanced efficacy in a syngeneic melanoma mouse model as compared to the parental antibody. This work demonstrates that the incorporation of a targeting element into an immune checkpoint blocking antibody could provide a therapeutic advantage.
Methodology and theoretical basis of forward genetic screening for sleep/wakefulness in mice
Authors: Miyoshi Chika , Kim Staci J. , Ezaki Takahiro , Ikkyu Aya , Hotta-Hirashima Noriko , Kanno Satomi , Kakizaki Miyo , Yamada Mana , Wakana Shigeharu , Yanagisawa Masashi , Funato Hiromasa 
Published: July 2019

Significance
The network of genes and molecules that govern sleep and wakefulness remains largely unknown. Forward genetics is a powerful approach to elucidate important biological phenomena that cannot be predicted from the function of known genes. We established a large-scale screening system using EEG/EMG-based sleep/wake monitoring with reliable parameters. The search for novel genes has succeeded in identifying several sleep regulatory genes. By furthering the study, a more comprehensive picture of the regulatory pathways of sleep/wakefulness will become clear.
Mstn knockdown decreases the trans-differentiation from myocytes to adipocytes by reducing Jmjd3 expression via the SMAD2/SMAD3 complex
Authors: Gao Li , Yang Miaomiao , Wang Xueqiao , Yang Lei , Bai Chunling , Li Guangpeng 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Myostatin (Mstn) is an important growth/differentiation factor, and knockdown of Mstn reduces fat content. Here, we knocked down Mstn expression in C2C12 myoblasts and then induced adipogenic trans-differentiation in the cells. The effects of Mstn knockdown on lipid droplet contents and H3K27me3 marker expression on adipocyte-specific genes were detected. The results showed that Mstn knockdown reduced the formation of lipid droplets, downregulated the expression of adipocyte-specific genes, and increased H3K27me3 marker expression on adipocyte-specific genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that the SMAD2/SMAD3 complex could combine with the Jumonji D3 (Jmjd3) promoter and that Mstn regulated Jmjd3 expression through this process. Jmjd3 overexpression removed the H3K27me3 marker and increased the expression of adipocyte-specific genes. Overall, our results showed that Mstn regulated Jmjd3 expression through SMAD2/SMAD3, thus affecting the H3K27me3 marker on adipocyte-specific genes and the trans-differentiation from myocytes to adipocytes.
Applying Model of Emergency Referral Information System (ERIS) by using DeLone and McLean Framework
Authors: Wang Gunawan , Purwanto Hadi , Kurnia Sari Rini 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Indonesian health regulation addresses all health providers, midwives and physicians that conducting medical practices should conduct patient Emergency Referral Information (ERI) exchange before referring the patient to other hospital facility. The ERI project was initiated in EMAS project that funded by USAID during 2012-2016. The EMAS project encouraged the patient of ERI systems to be adopted by all districts, cities, hospitals and health centers. Due to its wide adoption efforts, the ERI system implementation has gone quite slow, and exacerbated in some area. Only few district and/or facility are effectively to be utilized and supported. For this reason, the article applies DeLone and McLean model to analyse the ERI system implementation with the objective to provide valuable inputs for top decision makers.
Samawa Language Part of Speech Tagging with Probabilistic Approach: Comparison of Unigram, HMM and TnT Models
Authors: Hariyanti Trienani , Aida Saori , Kameda Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Samawa language is one of living languages with more than 500K native speakers in Sumbawa island, Indonesia. There are, however, extremely small amounts of available resources and efforts to develop tools in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) discipline area. In this paper, we observe and evaluate three models of probabilistic approach which are Unigram, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Trigram’n’Tags (TnT) models for part of speech tagging problem, which is a process to label either word or punctuation in a sentence. We used k-fold cross-validation (with k = 5 and 10) and tagged corpus around 20K tokens with 24 tags. TnT model gives the best performance reached 96.18% compared with the other models. This result shows that TnT model could be considered and used to extend Samawa corpora and help some NLP tasks in the future.
Mitigation & Identification for Local Aridity, Based of Vegetation Indices Combined with Spatial Statistics & Clustering K Means
Authors: Yulianto Joko Praetyo Sri , Dwi Hartomo Kristoko , Hasiholan Simanjuntak Bistok , Widiyanto Candra Dian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research aims to develop new methods of mapping aridity risk zones and their potential impacts on land fires using a combination of indices to identify land fires such as the CSI and NBR and the indices for NDVI and SAVI. The research location is in Gunung Merapi National Park (TNGM) and Gunung Merbabu National Park (TNGMb), in Central Java Province and Yogyakarta. The data used in this research is Landsat 8 OLI image year 2010-2018, DEM data from ASTER image in TNGM and TNGMb area using landsat 8 OLI image specification. The research was conducted in 3 stages such as pre-processing, image data extraction and post-processing. Global and Local Moran’s Analysis on NDVI, SAVI, CSI and NBR vegetation indices data can be used as an indicator of aridity and potential land fires. The experiments show that the average is in class 4 including the moderate greenish classification. Moderate greenish is interpreted that the study area is overgrown with meadows, shrubs, barren, sandy, rocky areas and a low population of vegetation canopy that shows that the area is on the surrounding mountain peaks. The results of the analysis shows Positive Spatial Autocorrelation, the phenomenon of aridity has spatial connectivity between observed regions. Analysis of K Means on the high vegetation density conditions shows that the weight of the distance between the vegetation data to the centroid is shorter, therefore the data is concentrated on a region. In low vegetation density conditions, the weight of the distance between the data to the centroid is increasingly wide, therefore the data looks more widely distributed.
Initialization of the Nguyen-widrow and Kohonen Algorithm on the Backpropagation Method in the Classifying Process of Temperature Data in Medan
Authors: Wayahdi M R , Zarlis M , Putra P H 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose the initialization of the Nguyen-widrow and Kohonen algorithm on the Backpropagation Neural Network in the classification of temperature in Medan. Initialization of Nguyen-widrow and Kohonen weight in Backpropagation could accelerate the training process of temperature data compared to Backpropagation with random weight. The experiment reaches target error 0.007 at 30 epoch. The result of testing show that the initialization of Nguyen-widrow and Kohonen weight in Backpropagation could recognize the test data reaches 96.52% accuracy.
Optimization of Production Scheduling and Actual Stock Using Fuzzy Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Utari C T , Zarlis M , Sutarman  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this case, fuzzy is applied as a determination optimization of actual stock. Based on the research that has been done, solving the problem of scheduling and actual stock optimization with Fuzzy Genetic Algorithm method has better performance than non-fuzzy Genetic Algorithm method. Production scheduling with Fuzzy Genetic Algorithm shows faster process result. Seen from the iteration that occurs is 1 (one) for scheduling with Fuzzy while on non fuzzy production scheduling, the process is completed in the iteration to 34. Scheduling with Fuzzy also shows better optimum percentage that is with 100% average while in non fuzzy production scheduling is 97%.