bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple Synthetic Strategy toward Defect‐Rich Porous Monolayer NiFe‐Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhao Yufei , Zhao Yunxuan , Shi Run , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Zhang Tierui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this work, porous monolayer nickel‐iron layered double hydroxide (PM‐LDH) nanosheets with a lateral size of ≈30 nm and a thickness of ≈0.8 nm are successfully synthesized by a facile one‐step strategy. Briefly, an aqueous solution containing Ni2+ and Fe3+ is added dropwise to an aqueous formamide solution at 80 °C and pH 10, with the PM‐LDH product formed within only 10 min. This fast synthetic strategy introduces an abundance of pores in the monolayer NiFe‐LDH nanosheets, resulting in PM‐LDH containing high concentration of oxygen and cation vacancies, as is confirmed by extended X‐ray absorption fine structure and electron spin resonance measurements. The oxygen and cation vacancies in PM‐LDH act synergistically to increase the electropositivity of the LDH nanosheets, while also enhancing H2O adsorption and bonding strength of the OH* intermediate formed during water electrooxidation, endowing PM‐LDH with outstanding performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). PM‐LDH offers a very low overpotential (230 mV) for OER at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, with a Tafel slope of only 47 mV dec−1, representing one of the best OER performance yet reported for a NiFe‐LDH system. The results encourage the wider utilization of porous monolayer LDH nanosheets in electrocatalysis, catalysis, and solar cells.
Enhancing Catalytic Activity of Titanium Oxide in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Band Engineering
Authors: Wang Yuankun , Zhang Ruifang , Chen Jie , Wu Hu , Lu Shiyao , Wang Ke , Li Huanglong , Harris Christopher J. , Xi Kai , Kumar Ramachandran Vasant , Ding Shujiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe altering of electronic states of metal oxides offers a promising opportunity to realize high‐efficiency surface catalysis, which play a key role in regulating polysulfides (PS) redox in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. However, little effort has been devoted to understanding the relationship between the electronic state of metal oxides and a catalyst's properties in Li–S cells. Herein, defect‐rich heterojunction electrocatalysts composed of ultrathin TiO2‐x nanosheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for Li–S batteries are reported. Theoretical simulations indicate that oxygen vacancies and heterojunction can enhance electronic conductivity and chemical adsorption. Spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques further indicate that the rich surface vacancies in TiO2‐x nanosheets result in highly activated trapping sites for LiPS and lower energy barriers for fast Li ion mobility. Meanwhile, the redistribution of electrons at the heterojunction interfaces realizes accelerated surface electron exchange. Coupled with a polyacrylate terpolymer (LA132) binder, the CNT@TiO2‐x–S electrodes exhibit a long cycle life of more than 300 cycles at 1 C and a high area capacity of 5.4 mAh cm−2. This work offers a new perspective on understanding catalyst design in energy storage devices through band engineering.
Imaging and bone marrow assessments improve minimal residual disease prediction in multiple myeloma
Authors: Alonso Rafael , Cedena María Teresa , Gómez‐Grande Adolfo , Ríos Rafael , Moraleda José María , Cabañas Valentín , Moreno María José , López‐Jiménez Javier , Martín Fernando , Sanz Alejandro , Valeri Antonio , Jiménez Ana , Sánchez Ricardo , Lahuerta Juan José , Martínez‐López Joaquín 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe value of minimal residual disease (MRD) status by bone marrow and imaging analysis as independent prognostic factors has been well established in multiple myeloma (MM). Nevertheless data about their potential complementarity for a more accurate assessment are limited. With this aim, we retrospectively analyzed the prediction of outcome with the combination of PET‐CT and MRD, assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in 103 patients with newly diagnosed MM. We confirmed the benefit in terms of progression‐free survival (PFS), linked to the achievement of negativity by MFC (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28‐0.98), and PET‐CT (HR 0.18; 95% CI: 0.09‐0.36) individually. By combining both techniques, patients who became MRD‐/PET‐, with a median of PFS 92 months, had significant prolonged median PFS (P < .001). This is compared with MRD+/PET‐ and PET+ patients (median PFS of 45 and 28 months, respectively). We observed a significant difference (P = .003) in overall survival (OS) outcomes between MRD‐/PET‐ and MRD+/PET‐ patients (4‐year OS 94.2% and 100%, respectively), vs PET+ patients (4‐year OS 73.8%). All survival results were confirmed in a conditional landmark analysis. These findings support the potential complementarity between PET‐CT and MFC, and highlight their better predictive capability when improving sensitivity.
Updating the neurodevelopmental profile of Alazami syndrome: Illustrating the role of developmental assessment in rare genetic disorders
Authors: Wojcik Monica H. , Linnea Kate , Stoler Joan M. , Rappaport Leonard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlazami syndrome, caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in LARP7, is a recently‐described rare genetic disorder, with 17 patients currently reported in the literature. We present a case of a male infant referred for genetics evaluation at 5 months of age, found at 17 months of age to have Alazami syndrome. He was promptly referred for developmental evaluation, where he was found to be higher functioning than prior reports of individuals with this condition. This demonstrates the neurodevelopmental phenotypic variability seen in rare genetic disorders; it also demonstrates the important role of developmental programs to measure and track outcomes and provide support for infants with genetic disorders that put them at risk of developmental disabilities.
Transient N‐glycosylation abnormalities likely due to a de novo loss‐of‐function mutation in the delta subunit of coat protein I
Authors: Reunert Janine , Rust Stephan , Grüneberg Marianne , Seelhöfer Anja , Kurz Daniel , Ocker Volker , Weber Dorothea , Fingerhut Ralph , Marquardt Thorsten 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAccurate glycosylation of proteins is essential for their function and their intracellular transport. Numerous diseases have been described, where either glycosylation or intracellular transport of proteins is impaired. Coat protein I (COPI) is involved in anterograde and retrograde transport of proteins between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, where glycosylation takes place, but no association of defective COPI proteins and glycosylation defects has been described so far. We identified a patient whose phenotype at a first glance was reminiscent of PGM1 deficiency, a disease that also affects N‐glycosylation of proteins. More detailed analyses revealed a different disease with a glycosylation deficiency that was only detectable during episodes of acute illness of the patient. Trio‐exome analysis revealed a de novo loss‐of‐function mutation in ARCN1, coding for the delta‐COP subunit of COPI. We hypothesize that the capacity of flow through Golgi is reduced by this defect and at high protein synthesis rates, this bottleneck also manifests as transient glycosylation deficiency.
Halogen Bonding Helicates Encompassing Iodonium Cations
Authors: Vanderkooy Alan , Gupta Arvind Kumar , Földes Tamás , Lindblad Sofia , Orthaber Andreas , Pápai Imre , Erdélyi Máté 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe first halonium‐ion‐based helices were designed and synthesized using oligo‐aryl/pyridylene‐ethynylene backbones that fold around reactive iodonium ions. Halogen bonding interactions stabilize the iodonium ions within the helices. Remarkably, the distance between two iodonium ions within a helix is shorter than the sum of their van der Waals radii. The helical conformations were characterized by X‐ray crystallography in the solid state, by NMR spectroscopy in solution and corroborated by DFT calculations. The helical complexes possess potential synthetic utility, as demonstrated by their ability to induce iodocyclization of 4‐penten‐1‐ol.
Visible‐Light‐Enabled Ruthenium‐Catalyzed meta‐C−H Alkylation at Room Temperature
Authors: Gandeepan Parthasarathy , Koeller Julian , Korvorapun Korkit , Mohr Jens , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVisible‐light‐induced ruthenium catalysis has enabled remote C−H alkylations with excellent levels of position control under exceedingly mild conditions at room temperature. The metallaphotocatalysis occurred under exogenous‐photosensitizer‐free conditions and features an ample substrate scope. The robust nature of the photo‐induced mild meta‐C−H functionalization is reflected by the broad functional group tolerance, and the reaction can be carried out in an operationally simple manner, setting the stage for challenging secondary and tertiary meta‐C−H alkylations by ruthenaphotoredox catalysis.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Oxindole Spirofused Lactones and Lactams by Heck/Carbonylative Cylization Sequences: Method Development and Applications
Authors: Hu Huaanzi , Teng Fan , Liu Jian , Hu Weiming , Luo Shuang , Zhu Qiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn efficient one‐pot assembly of all‐carbon spiro‐oxindole compounds from non‐oxindole‐based materials has been developed through a palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric Heck/carbonylative lactonization and lactamization sequence. Diversified spirooxindole γ‐and δ‐lactones/lactams were accessed in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) under mild reaction conditions. The natural product coixspirolactam A was conveniently synthesized by applying the current methodology, and thus its absolute configuration was elucidated for the first time. Asymmetric synthesis of an effective CRTH2 receptor antagonist has also been demonstrated utilizing this method in the key step.
Thermally stable cellular poly(vinylidene) ferroelectrets: Optimization of CO2 driven inflation process
Authors: Jahan Nusrat , Mighri Frej , Rodrigue Denis , Ajji Abdellah 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTElectrically charged cellular ferroelectrets can show excellent thermally stable piezoelectric activity and are therefore progressively used in electrochemical transducers. Given that an optimized cellular structure is a key for improving charge density and the associated piezoelectric properties in this material, we investigated the influence of CO2 inflation treatment using various gas diffusion expansion or inflation procedures on the piezoelectric d33 coefficient and thermal stability of cellular poly(vinylidene) ferroelectrets and compare with the results (partially) obtained by N2 inflation as reported in our previous study (Jahan, Mighri, Rodrigue, Ajji, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47540). Samples were prepared using the conventional extrusion–stretching–inflation–corona charging method. Maximum d33 coefficient for CO2‐inflated samples is found to be around 30% higher than that of N2‐inflated samples (327 pC/N compared to 251 pC/N) by stepwise pressure application method. The key parameters addressed in the inflation procedures are the changes in sample thickness, morphology, and the void‐height distribution in both gas treatments. The ferroelectrets show excellent thermal stability for up to 4 days at 90, 110, and 120 °C in both treatments with a slightly improved performance in CO2 gas. The higher activation energy of CO2‐inflated samples (0.52 eV) than the N2‐inflated ones (0.43 eV) further confirms the stability data. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47929.
Increasing the functionalities and accuracy of fisheries electronic monitoring systems
Authors: Gilman Eric , Legorburu Gonzalo , Fedoruk Andrew , Heberer Craig , Zimring Mark , Barkai Amos 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Fisheries‐dependent data underpin essential scientific and management applications. Electronic monitoring (EM) systems are increasingly being used to supplement human observer programmes and provide coverage where none previously existed.
Candidate methods were identified to expand EM functionalities to collect data fields of human observer programmes that contemporary EM systems either cannot collect or require improved accuracy. Options were also identified to enable EM systems to collect new data fields that human observers cannot collect, prioritized by scientists, managers and the catch sector.
Many EM limitations could be resolved through simple changes of repositioning existing or adding new cameras with suitable fields of view and resolution, integrating additional sensors, and making minor modifications to fishers' practices. Research, development and trials, however, are required for possible EM integration of some existing and emerging technologies.
Whether an EM improvement method should be pursued requires consideration of: the relative importance for meeting monitoring objectives; the accuracy and cost of alternative monitoring methods, such as data collection by fishers with EM auditing, and by dockside inspections; impacts on fishing operations and crew safety; and net costs.
Active support from fishers is necessary for EM collection of some data fields, where EM enables auditing fisher compliance with required procedures. Having EM systems supply data desired by the seafood industry could augment their support for EM and incentivize fisher cooperation.
EM systems have the capacity to collect most data fields collected by human observer programmes with high precision and in some cases improved accuracy, to supply information of interest to seafood companies, and to meet expanding data requirements as fisheries management frameworks continue to transition to implementing elements of ecosystem‐based fisheries management.
Synthesis and anti‐coronavirus activity of a series of 1‐thia‐4‐azaspiro[4.5]decan‐3‐one derivatives
Authors: Apaydın Çağla Begüm , Cesur Nesrin , Stevaert Annelies , Naesens Lieve , Cesur Zafer 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA series of 1‐thia‐4‐azaspiro[4.5]decan‐3‐ones bearing an amide group at C‐4 and various substitutions at C‐2 and C‐8 were synthesized and evaluated against human coronavirus and influenza virus. Compounds 7m, 7n, 8k, 8l, 8m, 8n, and 8p were found to inhibit human coronavirus 229E replication. The most active compound was N‐(2‐methyl‐8‐tert‐butyl‐3‐oxo‐1‐thia‐4‐azaspiro[4.5]decan‐4‐yl)‐3‐phenylpropanamide (8n), with an EC50 value of 5.5 µM, comparable to the known coronavirus inhibitor, (Z)‐N‐[3‐[4‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐4‐hydroxypiperidin‐1‐yl]‐3‐oxo‐1‐phenylprop‐1‐en‐2‐yl]benzamide (K22). Compound 8n and structural analogs were devoid of anti‐influenza virus activity, although their scaffold is shared with a previously discovered class of H3 hemagglutinin‐specific influenza virus fusion inhibitors. These findings point to the 1‐thia‐4‐azaspiro[4.5]decan‐3‐one scaffold as a versatile chemical structure with high relevance for antiviral drug development.
Effects of the Co‐occurrence of Anxiety and Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Intrinsic Functional Network Centrality among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Wan Bin , Wang Zengjian , Jung Minyoung , Lu Yanchun , He Haoqiang , Chen Qi , Jin Yu 
Published: May 2019

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with a high co‐occurrence of anxiety and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it remains unclear how the co‐occurrence of anxiety and ADHD in children with ASD alters whole‐brain functional networks. Here, we aimed to examine anxiety‐ and ADHD‐related brain network centrality in children with ASD separately and their relationships with ASD symptoms. Clinical anxiety and ADHD levels in children with ASD, aged 6–13 years old, were assessed. Participants were categorized into four groups: ASD only (n = 28), ASD + anxiety (n = 19), ASD + ADHD (n = 25), and ASD + both anxiety and ADHD (n = 28). Subsequently, we compared voxel‐wise network degree centrality (DC) among the four groups. We found that: (a) compared with ASD only, children with ASD + anxiety showed higher DC in the left middle temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and left cuneus, and lower DC in the right precuneus; (b) children with ASD + ADHD presented higher DC in the right calcarine and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) compared with ASD only; (c) children with ASD + both displayed higher DC in the right calcarine and lower centrality in the right middle occipital gyrus compared with ASD only; and (d) across all children with ASD, there was a positive correlation between DC of the right calcarine with nonverbal behavior scores, and DC of the left SFG was negatively correlated with social scores. Our findings suggest that the right calcarine, left SFG, and default mode network nodes play important roles in the co‐occurrence of anxiety and ADHD among children with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1057–1068. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe co‐occurrence of anxiety and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to influence the brain function of children with ASD. In order to gain a better understanding of this, the present study compared degree centrality, the amount of effective brain functional connectivity that reflects the characteristics of brain networks, among four groups: ASD only, ASD + anxiety, ASD + ADHD, and ASD + both anxiety and ADHD. We found that some areas located in the language processing network and primary visual cortex were associated with the co‐occurrence of ADHD, and some other areas located in the default mode network were associated with the co‐occurrence of both anxiety and ADHD. These findings provide more knowledge about the neural basis underlying behavioral changes related to the co‐occurrence of anxiety and ADHD in children with ASD.
Botulinum toxin for the treatment of dystonia and pain in corticobasal syndrome
Authors: Unti Elisa , Mazzucchi Sonia , Calabrese Rosanna , Palermo Giovanni , Del Prete Eleonora , Bonuccelli Ubaldo , Ceravolo Roberto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDystonia is a key symptom in corticobasal syndrome (CBS), and upper limb dystonia is the most common phenotype. Dystonia‐associated pain is frequently reported and can be disabling, with poor benefit from oral treatments.Aims of the StudyTo investigate the role of botulinum toxin A (BoTNA) in the treatment of dystonia and associated pain in CBS.MethodsTen consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of probable CBS and dystonia with/without associated pain were treated with BoTNA every 3 months. Treatment efficacy was assessed during the first follow‐up visit, three months after the first injection, by means of caregiver impression (CI), evaluation of muscle tone with the Ashworth scale (AS), severity of pain measured with the visual analog scale (VAS).ResultsNine subjects underwent at least three treatments, four patients discontinued for progressive reduction in efficacy or disease progression, five patients are ongoing with good response, and one completed the 10th treatment. No local or systemic side effects were reported, and levodopa equivalent daily dose remained unchanged in most cases during the observational period. Significant improvement of AS was recorded (from 2.9 ± 0.7 to 2.0 ± 0.5, p = 0.003). CI ranged from mild to moderate benefit. All patients reported efficacy on pain, with a significant reduction of VAS score (from 7.7 ± 1.7 to 1.7 ± 0.7 in the Pain group, p = 0.016).ConclusionsOur study confirms safety, efficacy, and tolerability of BoTNA in the treatment of dystonia associated with CBS. Local treatment should be considered as a valid alternative to oral treatment modulation mainly in the presence of associated pain.
Designing a holistic process of learning for implementing sustainability: An experience in an engineering doctoral program
Authors: Regueiro Araceli , Crespo Bárbara , Míguez‐Álvarez Carla , Cuevas Miguel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEducation is a key element of reaching sustainability. The incorporation of sustainability into doctoral programs can be promoted using new learning methods through the practices carried out by the PhD students. These methods include learning by doing, blended learning, collaborative learning, and project based learning, all of which are presented in the practical experience described in this article. This study describes the training that students receive in the doctoral program “Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture,” which is offered in the Engineering School at the University of Vigo. The study includes an analysis of the facility and its operations, the teaching methods used and the students' perceptions of sustainability's incorporation into the program. In this practice, students worked with an experimental facility that could be controlled and supervised both manually and remotely. Students performed numerous tasks, including studying the main problems related to the combustion of biomass and its impact on sustainable development. On the one hand, students have used different measuring devices to control and monitor facilities, and, on the other hand, they have discussed and analyzed data, thereby improving the work capacity with the facility equipment, team work skill and communication with each other effectively. As a conclusion, students showed sincere interest in development of the practice, and they participated actively in each of its phases. The learning methodology used was found to increase student motivation.
MicroRNA‐4286 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via PTEN regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ling Chunhua , Wang Xueting , Zhu Jianjie , Tang Haicheng , Du Wenwen , Zeng Yuanyuan , Sun Lin , Huang Jian‐An , Liu Zeyi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIt is well‐known that phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor which negatively regulates PI3K/AKT signaling and is activated widely in non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). However, genetic alterations in PTEN genes are rare, suggesting an undefined mechanism(s) for their suppression. Notably, growing evidence indicates that PTEN can be regulated by microRNAs involved in cancer progression. In this study, we discover that the miR‐4286 is overexpressed in NSCLC and negatively regulates the expression of PTEN. Furthermore, we found that miR‐4286 reduces PTEN expression by directly binding to PTEN 3′‐untranslated region (UTR), thereby inhibiting NSCLC cell proliferation and mobility. Moreover, mechanistic investigations revealed that miR‐4286 overexpression was a result of PTEN‐mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, our findings elucidate that miR‐4286 promotes the tumorigenesis of NSCLC by interacting with PTEN. This miR‐4286‐mediated upregulation of PTEN might lead to new therapeutic strategies for NSCLC.