bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Zurich Checklist for Safety in the Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suite: Technical Note
Authors: Stienen Martin N , Fierstra Jorn , Pangalu Athina , Regli Luca , Bozinov Oliver 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recently, the use of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ioMRI) has evolved in neurosurgery. Challenges related to ioMRI-augmented procedures are significant, since the magnetic field creates a potentially hazardous environment. Strict safety guidelines in the operating room (OR) are necessary. Checklists can minimize errors while increasing efficiency and improving workflow.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the Zurich checklists for safety in the ioMRI environment.

METHODS
We summarize the checklist protocol and the experience gained from over 300 surgical procedures performed over a 4-yr period using this new system for transcranial or transsphenoidal surgery in a 2-room high-field 3 Tesla ioMRI suite.

RESULTS
Particularities of the 2-room setting used at our institution can be summarized as (1) patient transfer from a sterile to a nonsterile environment and (2) patient transfer from a zone without to a zone with a high-strength magnetic field. Steps on the checklist have been introduced for reasons of efficient workflow, safety pertaining to the strength of the magnetic field, or sterility concerns. Each step in the checklist corresponds to a specific phase and particular actions taken during the workflow in the ioMRI suite. Most steps are relevant to any 2-room ioMRI-OR suite.

CONCLUSION
The use of an ioMRI-checklist promotes a zero-tolerance attitude for errors, can lower complications, and can help create an environment that is both efficient and safe for the patient and the OR personnel. We highly recommend the use of a surgical checklist when applying ioMRI.
Prompts to increase physical activity at points-of-choice between stairs and escalators: what about escalator climbers?
Authors: Bellettiere John , Nguyen Ben , Liles Sandy , Berardi Vincent , Adams Marc A , Dempsey Paddy , Benporat Yael , Kerr Jacqueline , LaCroix Andrea Z , Hovell Melbourne 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Since 1980, many studies have evaluated whether stair-use prompts increased physical activity by quantifying changes in stair use. To more completely evaluate changes in physical activity, this study addressed the often-overlooked assessment of climbing up escalators by evaluating the degree to which stair-use sign prompts increased active ascent—defined as stair use or escalator climbing. Over 5 months, at an airport stairs/escalator point of choice, we video-recorded passersby (N = 13,544) who ascended either stairs or escalators, on 10 days with signs and 10 days without signs. Ascenders using the stairs, standing on the escalator, and climbing the escalator were compared on days with versus without signs using multivariable logistic regression. The percentage of ascenders on days with versus without signs were as follows: stair use, 6.9 versus 3.6 percent; escalator standing, 75.2 versus 76.0 percent; and escalator climbing, 18.5 versus 20.4 percent. Signs more than doubled the odds of stair use (vs. escalator use; OR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.90–2.68; p < .001). Signs decreased the odds of escalator climbing (vs. escalator standing or stair use); OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.82−0.99; p = .028). Signs increased the odds of active ascent versus escalator standing by 15 percent (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.05–1.25; p = .002). Although stair-use prompts increased stair use more than twofold (125%), they increased active ascent by only 15 percent, partly because escalator climbing—a behavior not targeted by the intervention—decreased. Although our results corroborated the established consensus that point-of-choice prompts increase stair use, future studies should test interventions designed to increase active ascent.
Gender differences in utilization of services and tobacco cessation outcomes at a state quitline
Authors: Allen Alicia M , Yuan Nicole P , Wertheim Betsy C , Krupski Laurie , Bell Melanie L , Nair Uma 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Research suggests that women may have poorer tobacco cessation outcomes than men; however, the literature is somewhat mixed. Less is known about gender differences in cessation within quitline settings. This study examined gender differences in the utilization of services (i.e., coaching sessions, pharmacotherapy) and tobacco cessation among callers to the Arizona Smokers’ Helpline (ASHLine). The study sample included callers enrolled in ASHLine between January 2011 and June 2016. We tracked number of completed coaching sessions. At the 7-month follow-up, callers retrospectively reported use of cessation pharmacotherapy (gum, patch, or lozenge), as well as current tobacco use. Associations between gender and tobacco cessation were tested using logistic regression models. At month 7, 36.4% of women (3,277/9,004) and 40.3% of men (2,960/7,341) self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence. Compared to men, fewer women reported using pharmacotherapy (women: 71.4% vs. men: 73.6%, p = .01) and completed at least five coaching sessions (women: 35.1% vs. men: 38.5%, p < .01). After adjusting for baseline characteristics, women had significantly lower odds of reporting tobacco cessation than men (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.99). However, after further adjustment for use of pharmacotherapy and coaching, there was no longer a significant relationship between gender and tobacco cessation (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.06). Fewer women than men reported tobacco cessation. Women also had lower utilization of quitline cessation services. Although the magnitude of these differences were small, future research on improving the utilization of quitline services among women may be worth pursuing given the large-scale effects of tobacco.
The “House of Quality for Behavioral Science”—a user-centered tool to design behavioral interventions
Authors: Mullane Sarah L , Epstein Dana R , Buman Matthew P 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Within the behavioral field, a plethora of conceptual frameworks and tools have been developed to improve transition from efficacy to effectiveness trials; however, they are limited in their ability to support new, iterative intervention design decision-making methodologies beyond traditional randomized controlled trial design. Emerging theories suggest that researchers should employ engineering based user-centered design (UCD) methods to support more iterative intervention design decision-making in the behavioral field. We present, an adaptation of a UCD tool used in the engineering field—the Quality Function Deployment “House of Quality” correlation matrix, to support iterative intervention design decision-making and documentation for multicomponent behavioral interventions and factorial trial designs. We provide a detailed description of the adapted tool—“House of Quality for Behavioral Science”, and a step-by-step use-case scenario to demonstrate the early identification of intervention flaws and prioritization of requirements. Four intervention design flaws were identified via the tool application. Completion of the relationship correlation matrix increased requirement ranking variance for the researcher (σ2 = 0.47 to 7.19) and participant (σ2 = 0.56 to 3.89) perspective. Requirement prioritization (ranking) was facilitated by factoring in the strength of the correlation between each perspective and corresponding importance. A correlational matrix tool such as the “House of Quality for Behavioral Science” may provide a structured, UCD approach that balances researcher and participant needs and identifies design flaws for pragmatic behavioral intervention design. This tool may support iterative design decision-making for multicomponent and factorial trial designs.
Ketones and pain: unexplored role of hydroxyl carboxylic acid receptor type 2 in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain
Authors: Boccella Serena , Guida Francesca , De Logu Francesco , De Gregorio Danilo , Mazzitelli Mariacristina , Belardo Carmela , Iannotta Monica , Serra Nicola , Nassini Romina , de Novellis Vito , Geppetti Pierangelo , Maione Sabatino , Luongo Livio 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain are poorly understood. Here we show the unexplored role of the hydroxyl carboxylic acid receptor type 2 (HCAR2) in 2 models of neuropathic pain. We used an oral treatment with dimethyl fumarate and the HCAR2 endogenous ligand β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in wild‐type (WT) and HCAR2‐null mice. We found an up‐regulation of the HCAR2 in the sciatic nerve and the dorsal root ganglia in neuropathic mice. Accordingly, acute and chronic treatment with dimethylfumarate (DMF) and BHB reduced the tactile allodynia. This effect was completely lost in the HCAR2‐null mice after a 2‐d starvation protocol, in which the BHB reached the concentration able to activate the HCAR2‐reduced tactile allodynia in female WT mice, but not in the HCAR2‐null mice. Finally, we showed that chronic treatment with DMF reduced the firing of the ON cells (cells responding with an excitation after noxious stimulation) of the rostral ventromedial medulla. Our results pave the way for investigating the mechanisms by which HCAR2 regulates neuropathic pain plasticity.—Boccella, S., Guida, F., De Logu, F., De Gregorio, D., Mazzitelli, M., Belardo, C., Iannotta, M., Serra, N., Nassini, R., deNovellis, V., Geppetti, P., Maione, S., Luongo, L. Ketones and pain: unexplored role of hydroxyl carboxylic acid receptor type 2 in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. FASEB J. 33, 1062–1073 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Sexual Orientation and Exposure to Violence Among U.S. Patients Undergoing Abortion
Authors: Jones Rachel K. , Jerman Jenna , Charlton Brittany M. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the characteristics of patients undergoing abortion in the United States according to sexual orientation and exposure to sexual and physical violence.

METHODS:
Data for this observational study come from the Guttmacher Institute's 2014 Abortion Patient Survey, which obtained information from 8,380 individuals obtaining abortions at nonhospital facilities in the United States; 7,656 of those (91%) provided information on sexual orientation identity. We used simple logistic regression to assess differences between heterosexuals and three sexual minority groups—bisexual, lesbian, and something else—according to demographic characteristics and exposure to sexual and physical violence. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between sexual orientation and exposure to violence.

RESULTS:
Among patients undergoing abortion in 2014, 4.1% identified as bisexual (n=316), 1.1% as something else (n=81), and 0.4% as lesbian (n=28); 94.4% identified as heterosexual (n=7,231). Similar proportions of lesbian and heterosexual respondents reported a prior birth (53.6% and 58.2%, P=.62), whereas respondents who identified as something else were more likely to report having had a prior abortion (58.0% vs 43.9%, P=.01). Exposure to sexual violence was substantially and significantly higher among all three sexual minority groups compared with heterosexuals, and lesbian and bisexual respondents were also more likely than their heterosexual peers to report exposure to physical violence by the man involved in the pregnancy (33.3% and 8.7% vs 3.6%, P<.001).

CONCLUSION:
No patient should be presumed to be heterosexual. Understanding the disproportionate role of sexual violence in unintended pregnancies among sexual minorities may aid in the design of interventions and clinical guidelines that address the needs of sexual minority patients.
Female Sterilization and Cognitive Disability in the United States, 2011–2015
Authors: Li Henan , Mitra Monika , Wu Justine P. , Parish Susan L. , Valentine Anne , Dembo Robert S. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To compare female sterilization among three mutually exclusive groups of females: 1) those without any self-reported disability, 2) those with noncognitive disabilities (sensory or physical disabilities), and 3) those with cognitive disabilities.

METHODS:
We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the National Survey of Family Growth 2011–2015, which surveyed individuals aged 15–44 years in the U.S. civilian population. Disability status (self-reported) was ascertained using a standard set of questions about hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory, self-care, and independent living difficulties. Regression models were used to calculate odds of female sterilization, hysterectomies, and age of sterilization while accounting for sociodemographic differences.

RESULTS:
Female sterilization rates were higher among females with cognitive (22.1% [n=272]) and noncognitive disabilities (24.7% [n=150]) than among those without disabilities (14.8% [n=1,132]). After adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, females with cognitive disabilities had significantly higher odds of female sterilization (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% CI 1.19–1.98, P<.01) and hysterectomy (adjusted OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.53–4.56, P<.001) than those without cognitive disabilities. Females with cognitive disabilities also underwent sterilization at significantly younger ages (27.3 years, 95% CI 27.0–27.6) than those with noncognitive disabilities (28.3 years, 95% CI 27.9–28.8) and those without any disability (29.8 years, 95% CI 29.5–30.0).

CONCLUSION:
U.S. females with cognitive disabilities were more likely to have undergone female sterilizations and hysterectomies and at younger ages than those with other disabilities or without disabilities. Drivers of these disability-related differences in female sterilization patterns must be explored.
Risk of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity According to Planned Mode of Delivery in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Korb Diane , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Seco Aurélien , Goffinet François , Schmitz Thomas ,   for the JUmeaux MODe d'Accouchement (JUMODA) study group and the Groupe de Recherche en Obstétrique et Gynécologie (GROG)
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association between the planned mode of delivery and severe acute maternal morbidity in women with twin pregnancies.

METHODS:
In this planned secondary analysis of the JUmeaux MODe d'Accouchement cohort, a national prospective population-based study of twin deliveries conducted from February 2014 to March 2015 in 176 hospitals performing more than 1,500 annual deliveries in France, we included women with twin pregnancies at 24 weeks of gestation or greater with two live fetuses. Women delivering before 24 weeks of gestation, those with recognized indications for cesarean delivery, and those with severe acute maternal morbidity symptomatic before labor were excluded to limit confounding by indication. The primary outcome was a composite measure of intra- or postpartum severe acute maternal morbidity. Multivariate Poisson regression models and propensity score matching were used to control for potential confounding by indication. Analyses were conducted for the overall study cohort as well as stratified by maternal age in years (younger than 30, 30–34, 35 years or older). No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS:
Among the 8,124 women included in this analysis, 3,062 (37.7%) had planned cesarean deliveries and 5,062 (62.3%) had planned vaginal deliveries, of whom 4,015 (79.3%) delivered both twins vaginally. No significant overall association was found between the planned mode of delivery and severe acute maternal morbidity (6.1% in the planned cesarean delivery group and 5.4% in the planned vaginal group; adjusted relative risk 1.00, 95% CI 0.81–1.24). In women 35 years or older, the risk of severe acute maternal morbidity was significantly higher for those with planned cesarean delivery than planned vaginal delivery (7.8% vs 4.6%, adjusted relative risk 1.44, 95% CI 1.02–2.06). Propensity score and secondary analyses yielded similar results.

CONCLUSION:
In twin pregnancies, there is no overall association between planned mode of delivery and severe acute maternal morbidity. Women older than 35 years may be at higher risk of severe acute maternal morbidity after planned cesarean delivery.
Laparoscopic Surgical Algorithm to Triage the Timing of Tumor Reductive Surgery in Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Fleming Nicole D. , Nick Alpa M. , Coleman Robert L. , Westin Shannon N. , Ramirez Pedro T. , Soliman Pamela T. , Fellman Bryan , Meyer Larissa A. , Schmeler Kathleen M. , Lu Karen H. , Sood Anil K. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the effects of a laparoscopic scoring algorithm to triage patients with advanced ovarian cancer to immediate or delayed debulking to improve complete gross surgical resection rates and determine the resulting clinical outcomes.

METHODS:
We prospectively performed laparoscopic assessment on patients with suspected advanced-stage ovarian cancer from April 2013 to December 2016 to determine primary resectability at tumor reductive surgery. Patients with medically inoperable or distant metastatic disease received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two-surgeon scoring was performed in a blinded fashion using a validated scoring method. Patients with predictive index value scores less than 8 were offered primary surgery and those with scores 8 or greater received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for effects on progression-free survival.

RESULTS:
Six hundred twenty-one patients presenting with presumed advanced ovarian cancer were evaluated during the study period and 488 patients met inclusion criteria. Two hundred fifteen patients underwent laparoscopic scoring, of whom 125 had predictive index value scores less than 8 and 84 had predictive index value scores 8 or greater. Blinded two-surgeon predictive index value scoring resulted in bivariate discordance in only 2% of patients. Tumor cytoreduction led to no gross residual disease (R0 resection) in 88% of patients in the primary surgery group and 74% in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. Patients triaged to primary surgery had an improved progression-free survival of 21.4 months versus 12.9 months in those patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P<.001). Median progression-free survival by treatment group and residual disease status was as follows: primary surgery–R0 23.5 months; primary surgery–R1 (any gross residual disease) 17.6 months; neoadjuvant chemotherapy–R0 15.5 months; and neoadjuvant chemotherapy–R1 12.9 months (P<.001). On multivariate analysis for progression-free survival, baseline CA 125 (P=.001) and gross residual disease at tumor reductive surgery (P=.01) were significantly associated with progression-free survival.

CONCLUSION:
Laparoscopic triage assessment allowed for a personalized approach to the management of patients with advanced ovarian cancer and resulted in high complete surgical resection rates at tumor reductive surgery.
Role of Bridge Contraception in Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception and Sterilization Fulfillment Rates
Authors: Montague Mary , Ascha Mustafa , Wilkinson Barbara , Verbus Emily , Morris Jane , Mercer Brian M. , Arora Kavita Shah 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the association of bridge contraception with interval long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and sterilization fulfillment rates.

METHODS:
This is a secondary analysis of a retrospective single-center cohort chart review study examining 1,851 postpartum women who requested LARC or sterilization after discharge. Bridge contraception was requested by 597 of these women. Primary outcomes included LARC or sterilization fulfillment, time to fulfillment, postpartum visit attendance, and pregnancy within 365 days of delivery.

RESULTS:
The rate of LARC or sterilization fulfillment within 90 days of delivery was 147 of 597 (24.6%) women using bridge contraception and 287 of 1,254 (22.9%) women not using bridge contraception (P=.41). After adjusting for maternal age, parity, gestational age, mode of delivery, adequacy of prenatal care, race–ethnicity, and education level, the use of bridge contraception was associated with LARC or sterilization fulfillment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.02–1.67). Adequacy of prenatal care and black race was associated with fulfillment. The use of bridge contraception was not associated with time to fulfillment (adjusted hazard ratio 1.17, 95% CI 0.95–1.44) or postpartum visit attendance (adjusted OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.77–1.23). The use of bridge contraception was not associated with increased pregnancy within 365 days of delivery (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.95–1.05; adjusted OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.73–1.26).

CONCLUSION:
Bridge contraception is associated with increased LARC and sterilization fulfillment after postpartum discharge. Long-acting reversible contraception or sterilization fulfillment after discharge occurred in less than one in four women. Strategies to improve provision of LARC or sterilization before hospital discharge are necessary.
Indications for Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Anterior Pelvic Ring Disruptions
Authors: Wright Raymond D. 
Published: August 2018

Summary:
In acute trauma, pelvic ring instability can lead to hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability. Pelvic ring instability and displacement that is not stabilized may lead to chronic pain, sitting imbalance, and limb length inequality. Methods and timing of securing anterior pelvic ring injuries operatively is controversial and debatable. Many orthopaedic trauma surgeons would agree that acceptable methods to treat a disrupted anterior pelvic ring fracture include nonoperative care, external fixation, internal spanning fixators, intramedullary superior ramus screws, and open reduction internal fixation. We will review the indications for open reduction internal fixation fractures and disruptions of the anterior pelvic ring.
Mid-Term Patient Satisfaction and Residual Symptoms After Plate Fixation or Nonoperative Treatment for Displaced Midshaft Clavicular Fractures
Authors: Woltz Sarah , Krijnen Pieta , Schipper Inger B. 
Published: August 2018

Objectives:
To evaluate mid-term patient-reported satisfaction and residual symptoms after plate fixation (PF) or nonoperative treatment (NOT) for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures.

Design:
Follow-up survey of randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
Sixteen teaching and nonteaching hospitals.

Participants:
All 160 patients with a fully displaced, midshaft clavicular fracture who had been randomized were approached by telephone.

Intervention:
Randomization for open reduction and internal PF or a sling for 2 weeks (NOT).

Main Outcome Measurements:
Outcomes were satisfaction with the received treatment, with the cosmetic result and with shoulder function (on a scale of 1–10), and presence of residual symptoms.

Results:
Seventy-nine patients (40 after PF and 39 after NOT) could be contacted. The median follow-up was 53 (34–79) months. Overall satisfaction was similar for PF and NOT (mean ± SD: 7.7 ± 2.1 vs. 6.9 ± 2.4, P = 0.12), as was satisfaction with the shoulder function (8.9 ± 1.6 vs. 8.4 ± 2.0, P = 0.27). Satisfaction with the cosmetic result was higher after PF (8.2 ± 1.6 vs. 6.8 ± 2.0, P = 0.002). Residual symptoms were frequently present in both groups (55% for PF vs. 41% for NOT, P = 0.26). After PF, 88% of patients would prefer the same treatment again compared with 41% after NOT (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Aspects of satisfaction seem higher after PF. Residual symptoms, however, were common after both treatments for clavicular fractures. The present results can be used to manage patients' expectations and provide objective information regarding both treatment options before a shared treatment decision is made.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.