bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High pertussis circulation among infants, children and adolescents in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Soumahoro Man Koumba , Noel Gaëlle , Campana Florence , Koné Constant Joseph , Rajabizadeh Mahdi , Sévédé Daouda , Ait Ahmed Mohand , Kouassi Kan Stéphane , Kangah Yves Landry , Deme-Dramé Mariam , N’Dri Kouamé Mathias , Ouattara-Abina Marie-Pierre , Tano Narcisse , Sylla Fadima , Cardenat Melissa , Macina Denis , Guiso Nicole , Taieb Fabien 
Published: November 2024

Background
Whooping cough due to Bordetella pertussis (BP) and/or B. parapertussis (BPP) is a highly contagious infection sometimes fatal for infants. Africa accounts for the largest share of cases and deaths worldwide. To evaluate pertussis circulation, we conducted a hospital-based prospective study (PS) including household contact-cases investigation (CCS) and a sero-epidemiological cross-sectional study (SECS).

Methods
The PS, in which Bordetella diagnostics (qPCR) were performed, included infants aged ≤6 months presenting with ≥5 days of cough associated with one pertussis-like symptom. CCS was performed using qPCR and serology regardless of clinical signs. In the SECS, serology was performed in children aged 3–15 years with primary pertussis immunization.

Results
Study took place in Abidjan between April 2019 and July 2021. In the PS, 187 infants with median age of 2.8 months were enrolled. A total of 42 (22.5%) were confirmed as positive, including 29 (15.5%), 4 (2.1%) and 9 (4.8%) of BP, BPP and BP/BPP coinfections respectively. Age <3 months, low BMI, apnea and inclusion period were identified as risk factors of infection. In the CCIS, 36 households were investigated, representing 158 people with median age of 21.4 years. BP and/or BPP infection was confirmed for 77/157 (49.0%). Twenty-nine households (81%) had at least one positive case. Sixty-seven (42.7%) contact cases were categorized as possibly contaminated, mainly siblings older than five years (25.4%). Twenty-seven contact cases were considered as possible contaminators, primarily mothers (26%). In the SECS, 444 people were enrolled. Two hundred and thirty-eight (53.6%) and nine (2.0%) children had received one and two boosters, respectively. A positive serology was observed in 96 (21.7%) of children and adolescents.

Conclusion
Our study highlighted high circulation of pertussis. Barriers to accessing boosters recommended by WHO need to be overcome. Laboratory capacities are key at individual level and to build an effective surveillance system.
Enhancing childhood immunization coverage in Mozambique and Malawi: Study protocol of a mixed methods evaluation of the ‘Let’s talk about vaccines’ multisite community-based participatory project
Authors: Shuro Linda , Lawrence Emily , Knight Lucia , Schneider Helen , Tabana Hanani 
Published: November 2024

Background
Full coverage of childhood vaccines is a persistent challenge in low- and middle-income countries, suggesting the presence of specific contextual barriers. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic further worsened the situation. The complementary use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) and human-centered design (HCD) approaches has the potential to effectively create tailored interventions for improving public health outcomes. This protocol provides examples of methods to evaluate the use of these novel approaches in low- and middle-income countries. The ‘Let’s talk about vaccines’ project is a multisite community-based participatory project by VillageReach that uses the CBPR and HCD approaches to identify the barriers and co-create interventions/solutions to address under two routine immunization access and uptake in Malawi and Mozambique.

Methods
Guided by the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, this evaluation prospectively evaluates the effectiveness (on under-two immunization coverage and related outcomes) of VillageReach’s co-created interventions and processes of implementation (reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance) in two districts in Mozambique and two in Malawi. This paper will also describe the theory of change for VillageReach’s project. Thematic analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data, and interrupted time series analysis used to analyze the co-created interventions’ effectiveness on specific under two immunization outcomes. The analysis will integrate complex systems thinking and constructs inherent in health systems strengthening.

Discussion
This evaluation is an opportunity to share the use of novel and best practices, opportunities and challenges for improved community-responsive programming in routine immunization. It will be fundamental in providing evidence on the impact of interventions, evidence on mechanisms behind improvements in under- two immunization outcomes due to codesigned community-driven solutions and informing their scalability in similar contexts. Findings will inform the development of a comprehensive framework to guide the scalability of community-based approaches on childhood immunization uptake and access into similar contexts.
Monomorphic Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma of the Duodenum
Authors: Babbar Shaili , Cerezo Juan , Williams Renee 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphomas (MEITLs) are rare neoplasms that carry a poor prognosis. MEITLs originating in the duodenum are uncommon. There are only 3 published case reports of primary duodenal MEITLs. They are typically found in the jejunum or ileum because these parts of the small bowel have more lymphoid tissue. We present a 41-year-old man with weight loss and abdominal pain for 2 months. Imaging showed a heterogeneous duodenal mass, and subsequent endoscopy demonstrated a fungating, ulcerative mass with stigmata of recent bleeding in the duodenal sweep. Pathology from the biopsy revealed an MEITL.
Force monitoring reveals single trial dynamics of motor control in a stop signal task
Authors: Ramawat Surabhi , Marc Isabel B. , Di Bello Fabio , Bardella Giampiero , Ferraina Stefano , Pani Pierpaolo , Brunamonti Emiliano 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Stop Signal Task (SST) has been the benchmark for studying the behavioral and physiological basis of movement generation and inhibition. In our study, we extended the scope beyond physiological findings related to muscle activity, focusing our analysis on the initial biomechanical state of the effector. By incorporating a force sensitive resistor (FSR), we continuously monitored the force applied by the effector (here, the index finger) during a button release version of the SST. This modified task design allowed us to examine both the baseline force before the relevant Go signal was presented and during the covert state of movement preparation. Notably, variations in force over time in response to the Go signal revealed differences across trials where movement was either generated or successfully inhibited, depending on the amount of force during the baseline period. Specifically, higher baseline force was associated with a delayed movement generation, which, simultaneously slowed down the force release, facilitating successful inhibition when requested. Our results highlight the influence of biomechanical variables in movement control, which should be accounted for by the models developed for investigating the physiology of this ability.
Investigating the relationships of writing behaviours to linguistic complexity and accuracy in independent and integrated writing task performance
Authors: Lu Xiaojun , Révész Andrea , Michel Marije , Kourtali Nektaria , Lee Minjin , Borges Lais 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we examined the extent to which fluency, pausing, and eye-gaze behaviours relate to linguistic complexity and accuracy in L2 independent and integrated writing task performance. Sixty Chinese L2 users of English performed two independent and two integrated TOEFL iBT tasks over two sessions. Their keystrokes and eye movements during task performance were captured. The written outputs were analysed in terms of linguistic complexity and accuracy. Linear mixed effects regression analyses revealed stronger relationships of fluency and pausing behaviours to linguistic complexity and accuracy for independent than integrated writing, while stronger relationships of eye-gaze behaviours to linguistic complexity and accuracy were identified for integrated than independent writing. In addition, we found that greater accuracy in writing was linked to shorter pause duration between words for independent writing and shorter forward saccades for integrated writing, writing behaviours associated with more automated linguistic encoding processes.
Comparison of capillary finger stick and venous blood sampling for 34 routine chemistry analytes: potential for in hospital and remote blood sampling
Authors: Doeleman Martijn J.H. , Koster Anne-Fleur , Esseveld Anouk , Kemperman Hans , Swart Joost F. , de Roock Sytze , Tiel Groenestege Wouter M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the comparability of venous and capillary blood samples with regard to routine chemistry analytes.

Methods
Venous and capillary blood samples were collected from adult patients to assess comparability of alanine transaminase, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, apolipoprotein B, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, calcium, chloride, creatin kinase, creatinine, C-reactive protein, ferritin, folic acid, free T4, gamma glutamyltransferase, glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, iron, lipase, lipoprotein a, magnesium, phosphate, postassium, prostate specific antigen, sodium, total cholesterol, total protein, transferrin, triglycerides, thyroid stimulating hormone, urate, urea, vitamin B12 and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3. Furthermore, hemolysis-icterus-lipemia Index (HIL-Index) was measured for all samples. All measurements were performed using the Siemens Atellica® CH or IH Analyzer. Deming regression analysis and mean relative differences between venous and capillary measurements of each analyte were contrasted with the desirable total allowable error (TEa) and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) 2024 proposed acceptance limits for proficiency testing.

Results
Deming regression and mean relative differences demonstrated excellent comparability between venous and capillary samples for most measured analytes.

Conclusions
Capillary and venous samples showed comparable results for almost all studied chemistry analytes. Of the 33 studied analytes for which TEa criteria where available, 30 met TEa criteria. CLIA 2024 criteria where available for 29 of the studied analytes of which only glucose did not meet the criteria. In conclusion, capillary blood draw is a suitable alternative for venous blood sampling for measuring most of the investigated analytes. This benefits patients with fear of needles and might pave the way for remote self-sampling.
Reconfigurable frequency selective surface based absorber realized using interlocking blocks
Authors: Chaitanya Gaurav , Chawda Pratik , Peshwe Paritosh , Ghosh Saptarshi , Kothari Ashwin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A reconfigurable frequency selective surface (FSS) based absorber structure has been designed using a novel, cost-effective, simple to operate and easy to fabricate 3D printed interlocking blocks. Four different topologies have been investigated and validated through simulation and experimental studies. The basic geometry comprises a 3D printed mounting board, on which different blocks can be attached using interlocking studs. The frequency reconfigurability has been obtained by mechanically changing various resonating blocks on the board, which results in four distinct absorption frequencies at 4.89 GHz, 4.02 GHz, 2.92 GHz and 2.25 GHz achieving the absorptivities of 98.92 %, 96.52 %, 99.3 % and 99.5 % respectively in S and C bands. The absorption characteristics are further justified by evaluating the surface current distribution and impedance responses. The prototypes have been fabricated and tested, and they have attained a good agreement with the simulated responses. The absorption characteristics and operational frequencies remain the same, for all four cases during variations in the polarization angle for oblique incidence for both TE and TM polarizations up to 45°, as studied in the simulation. These have been experimentally verified up to 30° for TE polarization, thereby demonstrating the polarization-independent and angularly stable responses.
The application of the “PICO” teaching model in clinical research course for medical students
Authors: Ma Shuai , Pan Pei , Xu Gang , Yang Wenyi , Li Dong , Shen Tian , Wang Zhichao , Cai Yong , Yao Min 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the “PICO”, which stands for Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome, teaching model with traditional didactic teaching in clinical research education.

Methods
90 eight-year clinical medicine students participated in the study, with 45 students randomly assigned to the PICO group and 45 students to the Didactic group. The PICO group received instruction using the “PICO” teaching model, while the Didactic group received instruction using traditional teaching methods. Final grades, course satisfaction, and clinical research competencies were assessed through questionnaires.

Results
The PICO group achieved higher final grades compared to the Didactic group. Within the PICO group, there was a positive correlation between theoretical knowledge scores and group study and mock defense scores. Students in the PICO group reported greater satisfaction with the course design, particularly in meeting their learning needs and improving clinical research thinking and skills. The PICO group also had higher self-assessment scores in knowledge integration, practical application, and research literacy.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the advantages of using the “PICO” teaching model in clinical research education. It leads to improved theoretical knowledge, higher satisfaction levels, and enhanced clinical research competence among medical undergraduates.
Tackling Hate Speech in the Digital Space: Germany’s Plans on an Act Against Digital Violence and its Impact on Ethno-Cultural Minorities
Authors: Topidi Kyriaki , Malkmus Moritz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The increasing significance of online communication services is not yet matched by adequate protections for particularly vulnerable groups, such as minorities, who are disproportionately affected by various forms of digital violence. This article examines a legislative initiative introduced by the German government in 2023, which aims to supplement the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA) and address certain enforcement gaps in safeguarding individual rights. The analysis reveals that the initiative still faces substantial legal challenges, especially given the harmonizing nature of the DSA, which may require a more refined approach to its ambitious goals. However, a review of European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case law concerning the state’s obligation to protect individuals from hate speech suggests that the primary issues outlined in the draft should continue to be pursued. The article contextualizes the initiative within the socio-technical environment where ethno-cultural minorities are targeted online, particularly through hate speech. By situating the initiative within the current socio-legal framework and incorporating a comparative perspective – drawing on regulatory models from Canada, the UK, and Australia – it highlights key challenges that lie ahead.
Assessment and fitting of high/ultra resolution global geopotential models using GNSS/levelling over Egypt
Authors: Zayed Abdelaty Mohammed , Saber Ahmed , Hamama Mostafa , Rabah Mostafa , Zaki Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study conducts an evaluation of the performance of seven ultra-high-degree Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) across Egypt, utilizing GNSS/leveling data as a basis for assessment. The models under investigation include SGG-UGM-2, XGM2019e_2159, SGG-UGM-1, GECO, EIGEN-6C4, EGM2008, and GGMplus. The evaluation procedure comprises three principal steps: an absolute assessment, the implementation of Residual Terrain Modelling (RTM), and the fitting of GGMs to GNSS/leveling data. Among the models assessed, GECO exhibited the highest performance in the absolute assessment, achieving a standard deviation (STD) of 0.310 m, while SGG-UGM-1 recorded the largest STD at 0.353 m. Given Egypt’s predominantly flat topography, the application of RTM yielded only modest benefits. Nonetheless, all models demonstrated significant enhancements in accuracy through the fitting process, with EIGEN-6C4 emerging as the most successful model, attaining an STD of 0.116 m in external assessment. The accuracy improvements following the fitting procedure ranged from 49 % to 63 % across all models assessed.
Black-oriented EdTech and public interest technology: a framework for accessible and ethically designed technology for K-12 students
Authors: Campbell Symone E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the intersection of public interest technology (PIT) and K-12 Black-oriented educational technology (EdTech) platforms in addressing educational inequities and racial biases. Despite the increased adoption of EdTech in K-12 settings, it often perpetuates racial biases, marginalizing Black students. Conversely, Black-oriented educational technology has been established to counter the marginalization of Black students by centering Black culture and realities in educational content (Young, P.A. 1999. Roads to travel: a historical look at African American contributions to instructional technology. University of California, Berkeley), emphasizing principles of ethical, accessible, and impactful technology use aligned with PIT. However, research on these digital platforms is limited. This study employs multimodal critical discourse analysis to examine three K-12 Black-oriented platforms – KaiXR, Reconstruction, and TunTimo – developed by Black women, to understand how they address technology inclusion and counteract racial biases in mainstream EdTech.
Can public interest technology serve people who have disabilities?
Authors: Gran Brian , Bryden Anne M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Public Interest Technology is an emerging paradigm, scholarly domain, and potential contributor to reducing barriers, mitigating discrimination, and promoting human rights of people who have disabilities. Employing data from individual interviews of people who have experienced spinal cord injury and their support persons, this project identifies obstacles and barriers these people experience when seeking technologies needed for rehabilitation and reintegration. This article discusses these individuals’ experiences in light of how public interest technology may be a game changer for people who have experienced spinal cord injuries.
Re-framing and enacting diversity in science education: the case of college chemistry classrooms
Authors: Picón Raúl Orduña 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Scholarship about the effectiveness of programs related to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in college suggests that increasing the presence of marginalized students does not necessarily result in producing inclusion and a sense of belonging in science. Recruiting and retaining marginalized students in science-related fields and comparing them with students from dominant groups is assimilationist because the presence of different people does not inherently create a diverse school setting. The central goal of this viewpoint paper is to propose a holistic view of diversity at the university level. Particularly, I discuss a conceptual framework that frames diversity as a process that entails inducing, orchestrating, utilizing, valuing, and honoring the heterogeneity of ways of thinking, doing, and being of individuals to learn. To translate commitments to enact diversity in daily teaching practices, specifically in the chemistry classroom, I analyze culturally relevant pedagogy as a productive tool to encourage students and instructors to develop and leverage a robust repertoire of thoughts, practices, and identities to learn disciplinary concepts and solve problems that matter to students. To support the operationalization of diversity in science classrooms in higher education, researchers and practitioners should identify and value the coexistence of different thoughts, practices, and identities in the school to create a safe and intellectually challenging learning setting where thinking, doing, and being different is an asset toward learning.
Diagnostic challenges in pediatric Cushing’s disease associated with chronic renal failure: a report of three patients
Authors: Martínez Castillo Iratxe , Aziz Mariana , Di Palma Isabel , López Laura , Chaparro Alicia , González Ramos Javier , Mansilla Celeste , Lubienecki Fabiana , Lamas Gabriela , Rugilo Carlos Adrián , Lazzatti Juan Manuel , Ciaccio Marta , Gil Silvia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Cushing’s disease (CD) in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is very rare. CKD causes physiological hypercortisolism making the diagnosis of CD extremely difficult. To report 3 females with CKD and CD and to outline the principles that may guide the diagnosis of CD in this context.

Case presentation
P1. A 12.3-year-old patient with CKD secondary to steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome on hemodialysis (HD) and a medical history of aseptic meningitis. She was referred due to the incidental finding of pituitary macroadenoma. P2. A patient with CKD secondary to bilateral renal hypodysplasia in conservative treatment. At age 16.4 years, she had significant weight gain, purple-red stretch marks, galactorrhea, and menstrual irregularities. P3. A 15.3-year-old patient with CKD secondary to steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in conservative treatment was referred for weight gain, secondary amenorrhea, and hypertension. In all patients, diagnosis of CD was confirmed by clinical and biochemical findings. P1 and P3 underwent transsphenoidal surgery, and in P2, transcranial surgery resection was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a corticotroph adenoma in P1 and P2, and in P3, immunohistochemistry demonstrated ACTH predominance. All patients achieved remission. P1 and P2 developed pituitary deficiencies.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, these are the first three reported cases of the diagnostic association of CD and CKD in children. In all cases, CS was clinically suspected and CD was confirmed through complementary exams. Given the current lack of clear diagnostic criteria for CD in CKD patients, a thorough clinical evaluation remains essential for guiding the diagnosis.
Was Kant a Cosmopolitan Racist?
Authors: Corradetti Claudio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Contemporary debate on Kant’s practical philosophy has focused on racial claims appearing primarily in transcripts of students’ notes taken during his lectures. But was Kant – the champion of world citizenship – really a racist? It is certainly hard to defend him from the charge of racial prejudices. However, a universally exclusivist standard of rationality such as the one he promoted leads at worst to cultural imperialism. It is more doubtful whether this amounted also to a full racist theory, as this would have implied seeing some races as inherently incapable of full rationality. Kant’s biological theory of races – the investigation of race being a theoretical rather than practical task – did not serve such a racist purpose. This article argues that Kant was ultimately interested in scientific distinctions, assuming the point of view of a naturalist researcher (Naturforscher). Accordingly, he cannot be said to be a biological racist.