bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROPOSTA DE CALÇADAS ACESSÍVEIS EM CONSONÂNCIA COM A ARBORIZAÇÃO VIÁRIA ESTABELECIDA EM ITANHAÉM – SP
Authors: Botelho de Carvalho Maria Tamara Ribeiro , Biondi Daniela , Zamproni Kendra 
Published: February 2019

O crescimento urbano não planejado é uma questão recorrente e pode trazer inúmeros problemas de cunho social e ambiental. A utilização de calçadas verdes acessíveis surge como forma de mitigar algumas destas dificuldades, democratizando as calçadas para atender todas as pessoas, inclusive as com mobilidade reduzida e considerando a vegetação como forma de melhoria da qualidade ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a estrutura física e da vegetação existente nas calçadas de Itanhaém - SP, visando a aplicabilidade das calçadas verdes acessíveis. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por amostragem estratificada. Foram mensurados a largura de calçada, posição da árvore na calçada, sua altura total e de bifurcação do tronco. A proposição para as calçadas verdes acessíveis foi baseada na lei Federal 10.098/2000, na ABNT NBR 9050 e na cartilha de calçadas acessíveis no Estado de São Paulo. A largura média de calçadas de Itanhaém foi de 2,87 m. A aplicação da faixa de circulação livre com largura igual ou superior à mínima recomendável é possível em 61% das calçadas. A altura de bifurcação foi menor que 1,8 m em 76,8% da arborização, demonstrando que há necessidade de podas de manutenção e produção de mudas adequadas à arborização viária.
ANÁLISE DOS PRINCIPAIS CONFLITOS E ESPÉCIES INADEQUADAS PRESENTES NA ARBORIZAÇÃO VIÁRIA NA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE IMPERATRIZ (MA)
Authors: Viana da Silva Raygo , Angelo Dalton Henrique , Arruda Adriano Araujo , Da Silva Wilson Araujo 
Published: February 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os principais conflitos e espécies inadequadas presentes na arborização urbana da cidade de Imperatriz, a fim de contribuir como ferramenta de gestão para tomada de decisão no planejamento da introdução de espécies vegetais na malha urbana. Com isso, foi realizado um inventário censitário quantitativo da Zona Central e Zona Residencial Central do município de Imperatriz-MA, no qual se coletou informações dos indivíduos arbóreo-arbustivos e da situação do local em que foram implantados. Como resultado, verificou-se que a maioria dos indivíduos se concentra em poucas espécies e foram implantados sem nenhum conhecimento técnico, além de não estarem adequados com a infraestrutura. Constatou-se ainda, que 877 árvores estão em conflitos com a infraestrutura, sendo os mais frequentes os conflitos com imóveis, postes e garagem, geralmente associados às espécies Licania tomentosa Benth. (Fritsch) e Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Recomenda-se o não uso das espécies Licania tomentosa Benth., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Mangifera indica L., Ficus benjamina L. e Terminalia catappa L. devido a concentração dos indivíduos dessas espécies está acima do satisfatório e por gerar conflitos com a infraestrutura urbana.
EDUCOMUNICAÇÃO PARA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA NA BACIA TIETÊ- JACARÉ
Authors: Teixeira Tabita , Sammarco Yanina Micaela 
Published: February 2019

O presente estudo objetivou a elaboração de uma cartilha educomunicativa de arborização urbana voltada para os municípios integrantes da Bacia Tietê-Jacaré/SP. Esta cartilha pode ser utilizada por educadores e gestores da área ambiental como instrumento na promoção da Educação Ambiental e o planejamento compartilhado referente aos indivíduos arbóreos das cidades em questão. Para a construção deste material didático, foram feitos levantamentos bibliográficos, aplicação de entrevistas com os representantes dos 34 municípios e discussão com profissionais da área socioambiental. Os dados coletados foram obtidos por meio de método quanti-qualitativos, sendo que a partir da análise dos resultados, pode ser feito o protótipo da cartilha para que o mesmo representasse o mais fiel possível à realidade da arborização da bacia, mostrando a percepção da população quanto aos elementos naturais e o papel das prefeituras em relação ao seu melhoramento. Os resultados indicam que há iniciativas por parte dos órgãos públicos em planejar e cuidar da arborização da cidade, mas a população ainda está muito distante do contato mais próximo com a natureza, necessitando resgatar o seu pertencimento para que os mesmos possam zelar pela arborização viária.
De definitieve nieuwe Richtlijn Audiovisuele Mediadiensten: een eerste analyse
Authors: Jurjens E.W. 
Published: February 2019

De definitieve nieuwe Richtlijn Audiovisuele Mediadiensten: een eerste analyse
Dit artikel bevat een eerste analyse van de inhoud van de definitieve herziene Richtlijn Audiovisuele Mediadiensten, waarbij aandacht wordt besteed aan de uitbreiding van de reikwijdte van de Richtlijn naar ‘video sharing platforms’. Daarbij komt aan de orde dat de richtlijn nieuwe regels stelt voor alle gereguleerde partijen over content die schadelijk kan zijn voor minderjarigen en content die kwalificeert als ‘hate speech’. Mede aan de hand van de positie van Nederland bij de onderhandelingen over de richtlijn en een analyse van artikel 7 Grondwet wordt tot slot een eerste aanzet gegeven voor de discussie over de implementatie van de richtlijn in Nederland.Richtlijn (EU) 2018/1808 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 14 november 2018 tot wijziging van Richtlijn 2010/13/EU betreffende de coördinatie van bepaalde wettelijke en bestuursrechtelijke bepalingen in de lidstaten inzake het aanbieden van audiovisuele mediadiensten (richtlijn audiovisuele mediadiensten) in het licht van een veranderende marktsituatie, PbEU 2018, L 303/69.
Does Auditor Objectivity Impact on the Relationship Between Information Technology and Efficiency and Effectiveness of Auditing: Evidence from Iraq
Authors: Salih Waleed Khalid 
Published: February 2019

This work aims to determine the effect of information technology on effectiveness and efficiency of auditors in the context of non-profit organizations in Iraq. Also to investigate the mediating influence on the relationship between information technology and the audit process' effectiveness and efficiency. The study framework was based on those reported in literature pertaining to the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The target population in this work are auditors of Iraqi non-profit organizations. 354 questionnaires were sent to the participants, however, only 262 were returned and deemed applicable for this work, which culminates in a 74.3 percent response rate. SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Science) version 24 was utilized to examine the research model. The data were processed using many statistical techniques, such as (Descriptive Statistics, Correlations Analysis and Multiple Regressions). The study found that there is a significant influence on the auditors' objectivity due to their role as a mediator on the relationship between IT and auditing non-profit organizations. The findings also confirmed that the auditors are required to upgrade their knowledge vis-Ã -vis computerized information systems to plan, direct, supervise, and review the performed tasks. The implications of these findings in this work are significant for managers and auditors, while also providing insights and encouraging evaluation of computerized accounting systems.
Antibacterial Mesoporous Titania Films with Embedded Gentamicin and Surface Modified with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 to Promote Osseointegration in Bone Implants
Authors: Escobar Ane , Muzzio Nicolás , Coy Emerson , Liu Hui , Bindini Elisa , Andreozzi Patrizia , Wang Guocheng , Angelomé Paula , Delcea Mihaela , Grzelczak Marek , Moya Sergio E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNovel approaches are needed to avoid bacterial infections following implant surgery. Here the use of mesoporous titania films (MTFs) for gentamicin loading and delivery and the surface functionalization of MFTs with human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hrBMP‐2) are discussed. Gentamicin is incorporated into the MTF pores by immersion of the porous materials in gentamicin solution while hrBMP‐2 is adsorbed on top of the MTF. Contact angle and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements are performed to prove gentamicin loading and hrBMP‐2 functionalization. An initial burst release of gentamicin takes place in physiological media followed by a prolonged release that lasts weeks. Such a release profile is highly appealing for bone implants where a high concentration of antibiotics is necessary during implant surgery while a lower antibiotic concentration is needed until tissue is regenerated. The MTFs loaded with gentamicin and functionalized with hrBMP‐2 are effective against Staphylococcus aureus colonization, and the presence of hrBMP‐2 enhances MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblastic cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation.
Dual Silicon Oxycarbide Accelerated Growth of Well‐Ordered Graphitic Networks for Electronic and Thermal Applications
Authors: Garman Paul D. , Johnson Jared M. , Talesara Vishank , Yang Hao , Du Xinpeng , Pan Junjie , Zhang Dan , Yu Jianfeng , Cabrera Eusebio , Yen Ying‐Chieh , Castro Jose , Lu Wu , Zhao Ji‐Cheng , Hwang Jinwoo , Lee L. James 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile effective in circumventing the transfer process of graphene films from metals to insulating substrates, graphene chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods which grow directly on the surface of insulating substrates suffer from slow growth rates, lack of covalent bonding between both graphene layers within the film and the entire film and its substrate, and the inability to grow films beyond nanoscale thickness. An atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) process is described utilizing preplaced silicone rubber and continuously fed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as dual silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) sources to facilitate fast surface coverage (30 s) and z‐thickness growth (136 nm min−1) of graphitic coatings consisting of a network of covalently bonded graphene layers directly on quartz while providing strong adhesion between the coating and the substrate via a semiconductive transition layer. This process can produce graphitic networks for a wide range of products including transparent conducting and semiconductive nanoscale graphene films, anisotropic micrometer‐scale coatings with in‐plane thermal conductivity >1000 W m−1 K−1 and standalone flakes with >40 µm thickness for thermal management applications.
The Role of Graphene in Enhancing the Material Properties of Thermosetting Polymers
Authors: Vassaux Maxime , Sinclair Robert C. , Richardson Robin A. , Suter James L. , Coveney Peter V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGraphene continues to attract considerable attention from the materials science community through its potential for improving the mechanical properties of polymer thermosets, yet there remains considerable uncertainty over the underlying mechanisms. The effect of introducing graphene sheets to a typical thermosetting polymer network on mechanical behaviour is explored here through concurrently coupling molecular dynamics with a finite element solver. In this multiscale approach, Graphene is observed to act in two ways: as passive microscopic defects, dispersing crack propagation (high deformation); and as active geometric constraints, impeding polymer conformational changes (low deformation). By contrast, single‐scale atomistic simulations alone predict little measurable difference in the properties of the graphene‐enhanced epoxy resins as compared with the pure polymer case. The multiscale model predicts that epoxy resins reinforced with graphene nanoparticles exhibit enhanced overall elastoplastic properties, reducing strain energy dissipation by up to 70%. Importantly, this is only observed when taking into account the complex boundary conditions, mainly involving shear, arising from coupling physics on length scales separated by five orders of magnitude. The approach herein clearly highlights a novel role of graphene nanoparticles in actively constraining the surrounding polymer matrix, impeding local dissipative mechanisms, and resisting shear deformation.
Towards Solar Methanol: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Tountas Athanasios A. , Peng Xinyue , Tavasoli Alexandra V. , Duchesne Paul N. , Dingle Thomas L. , Dong Yuchan , Hurtado Lourdes , Mohan Abhinav , Sun Wei , Ulmer Ulrich , Wang Lu , Wood Thomas E. , Maravelias Christos T. , Sain Mohini M. , Ozin Geoffrey A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis work aims to provide an overview of producing value‐added products affordably and sustainably from greenhouse gases (GHGs). Methanol (MeOH) is one such product, and is one of the most widely used chemicals, employed as a feedstock for ≈30% of industrial chemicals. The starting materials are analogous to those feeding natural processes: water, CO2, and light. Innovative technologies from this effort have global significance, as they allow GHG recycling, while providing society with a renewable carbon feedstock. Light, in the form of solar energy, assists the production process in some capacity. Various solar strategies of continually increasing technology readiness levels are compared to the commercial MeOH process, which uses a syngas feed derived from natural gas. These strategies include several key technologies, including solar‐thermochemical, photochemical, and photovoltaic–electrochemical. Other solar‐assisted technologies that are not yet commercial‐ready are also discussed. The commercial‐ready technologies are compared using a technoeconomic analysis, and the scalability of solar reactors is also discussed in the context of light‐incorporating catalyst architectures and designs. Finally, how MeOH compares against other prospective products is briefly discussed, as well as the viability of the most promising solar MeOH strategy in an international context.
Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for the gastrointestinal tract: Updated indications
Authors: Hiki Naoki , Nunobe Souya 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLaparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a procedure combining laparoscopic gastric resection with endoscopic submucosal dissection for local resection of gastric tumors with appropriate, minimal surgical resection margins. The LECS concept was initially developed from the classical LECS procedure for gastric submucosal tumor resection. Many researchers reported that classical LECS was a safe and feasible technique for resection of gastric submucosal tumors, regardless of tumor location, including the esophagogastric junction. Recently, LECS was approved for insurance coverage by Japan's National Health Insurance plan and widely applied for gastric submucosal tumor resection. However, the limitations of classical LECS are the risk of abdominal infection, scattering of tumor cells in the abdominal cavity, and tumor cell seeding in the peritoneum. The development of modified LECS procedures, such as inverted‐LECS, non‐exposed endoscopic wall‐inversion surgery, a combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches to neoplasia with a non‐exposure technique, and closed‐LECS, has almost resolved these drawbacks. This has led to a recent increase in the indication of modified LECS to include patients with gastric epithelial neoplasms. The LECS concept is also beginning to be applied to tumor excision in other organs, such as the duodenum, colon and rectum. Further evolution of LECS procedures is expected in the future. Sentinel lymph node mapping could also be combined with LECS, resulting in a portion of early gastric cancers being treated by LECS with sentinel node mapping.
Divergent gene expression levels between diploid and autotetraploid Tolmiea relative to the total transcriptome, the cell, and biomass
Authors: Visger Clayton J. , Wong Gane K‐S. , Zhang Yong , Soltis Pamela S. , Soltis Douglas E. 
Published: February 2019

Premise of the StudyStudies of gene expression and polyploidy are typically restricted to characterizing differences in transcript concentration. Using diploid and autotetraploid Tolmiea, we present an integrated approach for cross‐ploidy comparisons that account for differences in transcriptome size and cell density and make multiple comparisons of transcript abundance.MethodsWe use RNA spike‐in standards in concert with cell size and density to identify and correct for differences in transcriptome size and compare levels of gene expression across multiple scales: per transcriptome, per cell, and per biomass.Key ResultsIn total, ~17% of all loci were identified as differentially expressed (DEGs) between the diploid and autopolyploid species. The per‐transcriptome normalization, the method researchers typically use, captured the fewest DEGs (58% of total DEGs) and failed to detect any DEGs not found by the alternative normalizations. When transcript abundance was normalized per biomass and per cell, ~66% and ~82% of the total DEGs were recovered, respectively. The discrepancy between per‐transcriptome and per‐cell recovery of DEGs occurs because per‐transcriptome normalizations are concentration‐based and therefore blind to differences in transcriptome size.ConclusionsWhile each normalization enables valid comparisons at biologically relevant scales, a holistic comparison of multiple normalizations provides additional explanatory power not available from any single approach. Notably, autotetraploid loci tend to conserve diploid‐like transcript abundance per biomass through increased gene expression per cell, and these loci are enriched for photosynthesis‐related functions.
Repeated evolution of a morphological novelty: a phylogenetic analysis of the inflated fruiting calyx in the Physalideae tribe (Solanaceae)
Authors: Deanna Rocío , Larter Maximilian D. , Barboza Gloria E. , Smith Stacey D. 
Published: February 2019

Premise of the StudyThe evolution of novel fruit morphologies has been integral to the success of angiosperms. The inflated fruiting calyx, in which the balloon‐like calyx swells to completely surround the fruit, has evolved repeatedly across angiosperms and is postulated to aid in protection and dispersal. We investigated the evolution of this trait in the tomatillos and their allies (Physalideae, Solanaceae).MethodsThe Physalideae phylogeny was estimated using four regions (ITS, LEAFY, trnL‐F, waxy) with maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference. Under the best‐fitting ML model of trait evolution, we estimated ancestral states along with the numbers of gains and losses of fruiting calyx accrescence and inflation with Bayesian stochastic mapping. Also, phylogenetic signal in calyx morphology was examined with two metrics (parsimony score and Fritz and Purvis's D).Key ResultsBased on our well‐resolved and densely sampled phylogeny, we infer that calyx evolution has proceeded in a stepwise and directional fashion, from non‐accrescent to accrescent to inflated. In total, we inferred 24 gains of accrescence, 24 subsequent transitions to a fully inflated calyx, and only two reversals. Despite this lability, fruiting calyx accrescence and inflation showed strong phylogenetic signal.ConclusionsOur phylogeny greatly improves the resolution of Physalideae and highlights the need for taxonomic work. The comparative analyses reveal that the inflated fruiting calyx has evolved many times and that the trajectory toward this phenotype is generally stepwise and irreversible. These results provide a strong foundation for studying the genetic and developmental mechanisms responsible for the repeated origins of this charismatic fruit trait.
Perceptions of Community Norms and Youths’ Reactive and Proactive Dating and Sexual Violence Bystander Action
Authors: Rothman Emily F. , Edwards Katie M. , Rizzo Andrew J. , Kearns Megan , Banyard Victoria L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThere is enthusiasm for programs that promote bystander intervention to prevent dating and sexual violence (DSV). However, more information about what facilitates or inhibits bystander behavior in DSV situations is needed. The present cross‐sectional survey study investigated whether youth perceptions of adults’ behavior and community norms were associated with how frequently youth took action and intervened in DSV situations or to prevent DSV. Specifically, study hypotheses were that youths’ perceptions of community‐level variables, such as adults’ willingness to help victims of DSV or prevent DSV, perceptions of community collective efficacy, and perceptions of community descriptive and injunctive norms disapproving of DSV and supporting DSV prevention, would be associated with how frequently youths took reactive and proactive bystander action. Participants were 2172 students from four high schools in one New England state. ANOVA analyses found that descriptive norms were associated with all actionist behaviors, and perceptions of community cohesion were also consistently associated with them. Injunctive norms were associated, but less consistently, with actionist behaviors. Findings suggest that DSV‐related social norms, and descriptive norms and community cohesion in particular, might be relevant to youth DSV bystander behavior.
Expanding our FoCUS: the utility of advanced echocardiography in the emergency department
Authors: Henry Jonathan , Haji Darsim 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) use is widespread amongst emergency physicians (EPs). Many sonographic modalities have proven useful in the emergency department (ED), including basic echocardiography. Progressing to more advanced echocardiography allows for improved accuracy when making time‐critical diagnoses and management decisions, particularly among the sickest patients. Acquisition of this skill set by EPs is feasible and enhances patient care.
SCN1A gain of function in early infantile encephalopathy
Authors: Berecki Géza , Bryson Alexander , Terhag Jan , Maljevic Snezana , Gazina Elena V. , Hill Sean L. , Petrou Steven 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo elucidate the biophysical basis underlying the distinct and severe clinical presentation in patients with the recurrent missense SCN1A variant, p.Thr226Met. Patients with this variant show a well‐defined genotype–phenotype correlation and present with developmental and early infantile epileptic encephalopathy that is far more severe than typical SCN1A Dravet syndrome.MethodsWhole cell patch clamp and dynamic action potential clamp were used to study T226M Nav1.1 channels expressed in mammalian cells. Computational modeling was used to explore the neuronal scale mechanisms that account for altered action potential firing.ResultsT226M channels exhibited hyperpolarizing shifts of the activation and inactivation curves and enhanced fast inactivation. Dynamic action potential clamp hybrid simulation showed that model neurons containing T226M conductance displayed a left shift in rheobase relative to control. At current stimulation levels that produced repetitive action potential firing in control model neurons, depolarization block and cessation of action potential firing occurred in T226M model neurons. Fully computationally simulated neuron models recapitulated the findings from dynamic action potential clamp and showed that heterozygous T226M models were also more susceptible to depolarization block.InterpretationFrom a biophysical perspective, the T226M mutation produces gain of function. Somewhat paradoxically, our data suggest that this gain of function would cause interneurons to more readily develop depolarization block. This “functional dominant negative” interaction would produce a more profound disinhibition than seen with haploinsufficiency that is typical of Dravet syndrome and could readily explain the more severe phenotype of patients with T226M mutation. Ann Neurol 2019;85:514–525