bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Captive breeding of Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793) and its conservation importance
Authors: Nakamura Keiko , Elbaile Eva , Salinas Carlos , Mesquita‐Joanes Francesc , Sousa Ronaldo , Guerrero‐Campo Joaquín , Ruiz‐Zarzuela Imanol , de Blas Ignacio 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Margaritifera auricularia is one of the most endangered freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) in the world. Since 2013, the abundance of this species in the Ebro River basin (Spain) has sharply declined, driving the species to the verge of regional extinction. Therefore, any management measures that might facilitate the recovery of this species would be essential for its conservation.
During 2014–2016, captive breeding of M. auricularia allowed the production of >106 juveniles, out of which 95% were released into the natural environment, and 5% were grown in the laboratory under controlled conditions. The aim of this experimental work was to establish the best culture conditions for the survival and growth of M. auricularia juveniles in the laboratory.
The experiment was divided into two phases: phase I, in which juveniles recently detached from fish gills were cultured in detritus boxes until they reached a shell length of 1 mm; and phase II, in which these specimens were transferred to larger aquaria to grow up to 3–4 mm.
The best experimental conditions for juvenile survival and growth corresponded to treatments in glass containers at a density of 0.2 ind. L−1, using river water, with added substrate and detritus, enriched with phytoplankton, and avoiding extra aeration. The highest survival and growth rates attained, respectively, values of c. 60% at 100 days and 2.56 mm in shell length at 30–32 weeks.
This is the first study to report on the long‐term survival and growth of juvenile M. auricularia in the laboratory, providing essential information in order to implement future conservation measures addressed at reinforcing the natural populations of this highly threatened species in European water bodies.
Interrelationship Between Cognitive Control, Anxiety, and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Uljarević Mirko , McCabe Kathryn L. , Angkustsiri Kathleen , Simon Tony J. , Hardan Antonio Y. 
Published: August 2019

Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) are common in individuals with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), yet the underlying mechanisms of these behaviors remain poorly characterized. In the present pilot investigation, we aimed to further our understanding of RRB in 22q11.2DS by exploring their relationship with cognitive control and anxiety as well as with sex, chronological age, and full‐scale IQ. Parents of 38 children with 22q11.2DS (17 females;Mage= 11.15 years,SD= 2.46) completed the Social Communication Questionnaire as a measure of RRB and social and communication (SC) problems and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children‐2 as a measure of anxiety and cognitive control. Higher RRB scores were significantly associated with higher anxiety levels (r= 0.44,P= 0.006), more impairments in cognitive control (r= 0.56,P < 0.001), and higher SC scores (r= 0.43,P= 0.011). In the first step of the hierarchical regression model, anxiety accounted for 24.5% of variance (F= 10.05,P= 0.003); cognitive control accounted for an additional 18.1% of variance (Fchange= 11.15,P < 0.001) in the second step; SC score accounted for only 0.8% of additional variance in the third step (Fchange= 0.40,P= 0.53). The final model explained 43.4% of variance (F= 7.42,P= 0.001), with cognitive control as a unique independent predictor of RRB score (t= 2.52,P= 0.01). The current study provides the first exploration of the cognitive control—anxiety—RRB link in individuals with 22q11.2DS and points to cognitive control as a potentially viable target for treatments aimed at reducing RRB.Autism Res2019, 12: 1737–1744. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryPeople with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome show high levels of repetitive behaviors, however, the previous research has not explored why people with this syndrome exhibit high rates of repetitive behaviors. Understanding the reasons for the high levels of repetitive behaviors is important given that these behaviors can be highly impairing. Our study found that repetitive behaviors were associated with impaired ability to self‐regulate and high levels of anxiety. These findings need to be further replicated; however, they are important as they suggest potentially promising ways of reducing these behaviors.
Construction of a fusion anti‐caries DNA vaccine in transgenic tomato plants for PAcA gene and cholera toxin B subunit
Authors: Bai Guohui , Tian Yuan , Wu Jiayuan , Gu Yu , Chen Zhu , Zeng Fengjiao , Liu Jianguo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChronic bacterial infections in the oral cavity influence the development of dental caries. Mutans streptococci are the major pathogenic cause of dental caries. The World Health Organization (WHO) ranks dental caries, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases as the three major global diseases that need urgent preventative and curative measures. However, substantial evidence suggests that traditional prevention and treatment strategies are inefficient in reducing the prevalence of dental caries. For protection against caries, it is important to develop effective vaccines that induce anticolonizing immunity against Streptococcus mutans infections. In the present investigation, we constructed a fusion anti‐caries DNA vaccine (PAcA‐ctxB) through fusing A region of cell surface protein PAc (PAcA) coding gene of mutans streptococci with cholera toxin B subunit coding gene (CTB). Afterward, the plasmids were integrated into tomato genomes through agrobacterium‐mediated plant transformation technology. The presence of transgenes in the tomato genome was confirmed by PCR, β‐glucuronidase gene (GUS), and western blot. The expression of genes was confirmed at transcription and protein level. Altogether, the results presented herein showed that transgenic tomatoes may provide a useful system for the production of human caries antigen.
Grundlagen mathematischer Theorie adaptiver Tragwerke
Authors: Wilhelm Viktor 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdaptive Tragwerke sind mit Verschiebungen und Kräfteumlagerungen in der Zeit verbunden. Als Ziel der Adaption bzw. der Kräfteumlagerungen wird in der einschlägigen Literatur die gleichmäßige volle Ausnutzung des Materials definiert. Die gleichmäßige volle Ausnutzung des Konstruktionsmaterials wird seinerseits mit der Effektivität des Leichtbaus verknüpft.Im vorliegenden Aufsatz analysiert der Autor zunächst aus Sicht der Baustatik den Adaptivitätsmechanismus anhand des aus der Literatur bekannten selbstanpassenden Tragwerks: Stuttgarter Träger. Durch den Adaptivitätsmechanismus, bestehend aus Sensoren und Aktuatoren, manipulieren die Erfinder des Stuttgarter Trägers die inneren und äußeren Kräfte anhand eines Modells (Computermodell und gebautes Miniaturmodell).Im Anschluss werden Grundlagen der linearen Theorie der Kräfteumlagerungen in Tragwerkssystemen aufgezeigt. In diesen Systemen wird die Steuerung der Kräfteumlagerungen dem Material selbst überlassen.
Feedback loop in miR‐449b‐3p/ADAM17/NF‐κB promotes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Fei Qian , Du Ming‐Yu , Qian Lu‐Xi , Chen Han‐Bo , Chen Jie , Zhu Hong‐Ming , Tian Xiao‐Kang , Jiang Ning , Gu Jia‐Jia , He Xia , Yin Li 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn emerging body of evidence has promoted the understanding of the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumorigenesis and progression, but the mediating function of miRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development remains poorly elucidated. In this study, miR‐449b‐3p was downregulated in NPC specimens (P < .001) and cells (P < .05). Cytological and animal experiments provided evidence that miR‐449b‐3p inhibited NPC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) was revealed as a direct target of miR‐449b‐3p. Rescue experiments suggested that the downregulation of ADAM17 in the miR‐449b‐3p knockdown cells partially reversed the inhibition of cell invasion and migration. Luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and Western blot analysis showed that ADAM17 could suppress the promoter activity and expression of miR‐449b‐3p by inducing NF‐κB transcriptional activity. In conclusion, our study provided new insights into the underlying mechanism of the invasion and metastasis of NPC. The novel miR‐449b‐3p/ADAM17/NF‐κB feedback loop could be a target for the clinical treatment of NPC.
Quantification and Statistical Analysis of Errors Related to the Approximate Description of Active Site Models in Metal‐Exchanged Zeolites
Authors: Thirumalai Hari , Rimer Jeffrey D. , Grabow Lars C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetal‐exchanged zeolites are complex catalytic systems with great potential for applications in hydrocarbon conversion processes. The numerous combinations of zeotypes and metal‐based Lewis acid motifs create a vast material space that can only be effectively navigated with robust structure‐function relationships. Exhaustive modeling of extraframework metal sites in all crystallographically distinct framework positions is not practical; thus, we quantified the uncertainties arising from the use of simplified active site representations using the C−H bond activation in methane as a probe reaction. Density functional theory calculations and statistical analysis of associated error ensembles suggest that the Lewis acid identity primarily determines the reactivity of the zeolite towards methane activation, with other factors such as zeolite model characteristics deemed secondary. The error ensemble distributions were used to predict the relative probability of creating active C−H bond scission fragments in metal‐exchanged zeolites, and thus can be used to efficiently screen various metal‐exchange candidates in their efficacy towards hydrocarbon conversion.
Performance Map for the Design of Liquid‐Liquid Extraction Columns
Authors: Weber Benedikt , Meyer Christian , Jupke Andreas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFor the fast approximation of liquid‐liquid extraction column designs via HETS (height equivalent of a theoretical stage) values and flooding points, a population balance model was developed. The model requires only one pilot‐scale column experiment to fit a coalescence parameter. The comparison of experimental data with simulations shows good agreement for a stirred extraction column. With the model, the operation domain of the column is simulated and visualized in a performance map, showing the holdup, the distance to the flooding point and HETS values.
Analytical attractive functions and their derivatives in bulk and nanoconfined pores
Authors: Zhang Kaiqiang , Jia Na , Zeng Fanhua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, two new analytical attractive (alpha) functions and their derivatives in bulk and nanoconfined pores are developed based on the virial equation of state (EOS) and statistical thermodynamics and are evaluated at different conditions for the first time. A cubic EOS is modified to nanometer scale and applied to predict the thermodynamic and phase properties in bulk and nanoconfined pores coupled with the new analytical alpha functions. The nanoscale‐extended EOS coupled with the analytical alpha functions are validated to be accurate by means of the experimental data for the thermodynamic and phase calculations. The alpha functions and dimensionless attractive term A for the O2, Ar, CO2, N2, and C1‐C10 are always positive and monotonically decrease with the temperature increases at T ≤ 2000 K in the bulk phase, whereas the second virial coefficients (B2) are always negative and increase with the temperature increases. Moreover, the alpha functions, A, and B2 for all of components remain constant with the decreasing pore radius until rp = 50 nm, the former two of which decrease while the latter one increases by further reducing the pore radius. It should be noted that the intermolecular attractive force (ie, A) is a function of the pressure, which is gradually increased at P ≤ 10 MPa though drastically increases afterwards. Also, the enhanced confinement effects lead the same‐component intermolecular attractive forces to be smaller. The analytical formulations in the SRK type slightly outperform in the gaseous or light component cases, while those in the PR type are better for the heavy component cases in terms of the thermodynamic property calculations, both of which are compatible with the modified EOS and analytical alpha functions.
An Iron Quaterpyridine Complex as Precursor for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Methane
Authors: Cometto Claudio , Chen Lingjing , Mendoza Daniela , Lassalle‐Kaiser Benedikt , Lau Tai‐Chu , Robert Marc 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA Fe quaterpyridine complex was used as a molecular precursor for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CH4 in acetonitrile in the presence of triethanolamine. CH4 was produced with a faradaic yield of approximately 2.1 % at 25 °C and 1 atm pressure of CO2 as reactant. Controlled potential electrolysis coupled to ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy of the electrode surface revealed the formation of metallic iron covered by iron oxides as species responsible for catalysis.
Performance evaluation of a priority‐based resource allocation scheme for multiclass services in IoT
Authors: Alqahtani Salman A. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryRecently, the deployment of novel smart network concepts, such as the Internet of things (IoT) or machine‐to‐machine communication, has gained more attention owing to its role in providing communication among various smart devices. The IoT involves a set of IoT devices (IoTDs) such as actuators and sensors that communicate with IoT applications via IoT gateways without human intervention. The IoTDs have different traffic types with various delay requirements, and we can classify them into two main groups: critical and massive IoTDs. The fundamental promising technology in the IoT is the advanced long‐term evolution (LTE‐A). In the future, the number of IoTDs attempting to access an LTE‐A network in a short period will increase rapidly and, thus, significantly reduce the performance of the LTE‐A network and affect the QoS required by variant IoT traffic. Therefore, efficient resource allocation is required.In this paper, we propose a priority‐based allocation scheme for multiclass service in IoT to efficiently share resources between critical and massive IoTD traffic based on their specific characteristics while protecting the critical IoTDs, which have a higher priority over the massive IoTDs. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed using the Geo/G/1 queuing system focusing on QoS guarantees and resource utilization of both critical and massive IoTDs. The distribution of service time of the proposed system is determined and, thus, the average waiting and service times are derived. The results indicate that the performance of the massive IoTDs depends on the data traffic characteristics of the critical IoTDs. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of the system delay analysis and demonstrate its effects on IoT configurations.
Genetic diversity in alveolar soft part sarcoma: A subset contain variant fusion genes, highlighting broader molecular kinship with other MiT family tumors
Authors: Dickson Brendan C. , Chung Catherine T.‐S. , Hurlbut David J. , Marrano Paula , Shago Mary , Sung Yun‐Shao , Swanson David , Zhang Lei , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignancy that, since its initial description, remains a neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. The disease‐defining molecular event characterizing the diagnosis of ASPS is the ASPSCR1‐TFE3 fusion gene. Following identification of an index case of ASPS with a novel TFE3 fusion partner, we performed a retrospective review to determine whether this represents an isolated event. We identified two additional cases, for a total of three cases lacking ASPSCR1 partners. The average patient age was 46 years (range, 17‐65); two patients were female. The sites of origin included the transverse colon, foot, and dura. Each case exhibited a histomorphology typical of ASPS, and immunohistochemistry was positive for TFE3 in all cases. Routine molecular testing of the index patient demonstrated a HNRNPH3‐TFE3 gene fusion; the remaining cases were found to have DVL2‐TFE3 or PRCC‐TFE3 fusion products. The latter two fusions have previously been identified in renal cell carcinoma; to our knowledge, this is the first report of a HNRNPH3‐TFE3 gene fusion. These findings highlight a heretofore underrecognized genetic diversity in ASPS, which appears to more broadly molecularly overlap with that of translocation‐associated renal cell carcinoma and PEComa. These results have immediate implications in the diagnosis of ASPS since assays reliant upon ASPSCR1 may yield a false negative result. While these findings further understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of ASPS, issues related to the histogenesis of this unusual neoplasm remain unresolved.
Eine Systematik für die Einteilung des Baugrunds in Homogenbereiche
Authors: Kayser Jan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFür die vertragsgerechte Beschreibung des Baugrunds wurde mit Herausgabe des VOB‐Gesamtbands 2015 ein Klassifikationssystem auf der Grundlage von Homogenbereichen eingeführt. Als Handlungshilfe zur Anwendung der Homogenbereiche hat die Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau das Merkblatt Einteilung des Baugrunds in Homogenbereiche nach VOB/C (MEH) erarbeitet. Dem MEH liegt eine Systematik zur Einteilung des Baugrunds auf der Grundlage von Leitparametern zugrunde. Für die Leitparameter werden Einteilungsgrenzen angegeben, die als Orientierung für die Einteilung des Baugrunds in Homogenbereiche verwendet werden können. Ergänzend werden Vorschläge für die Darstellung der Schichteigenschaften und der Homogenbereiche gemacht. Auch werden Hinweise für den Umgang mit heterogenen Baugrundschichten und für einige spezielle Kennwerte gegeben.
Response surface modeling of CO2dynamic storage efficiency factor in high permeability thick sandstones
Authors: Zulqarnain Muhammad , Zeidouni Mehdi , Hughes Richard G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn order to utilize as much of the pore space for CO2storage in high permeability thick saline aquifers, it is vital to investigate the interactions of injected CO2with formation brine and rock. In order to quantify the displacement process, we investigate the dynamic storage efficiency factor (DSEF) for saline aquifers where pressure increase is minimal during the injection phase. Dimensionless numbers are derived from basic governing equations, constitutive equations, initial and boundary conditions using the inspection analysis. Then using the Hammersley sequence sampling, 178 numerical experiments are designed, and a compositional reservoir simulator is used to perform these simulations. In the next step, response surface regression analysis is used to establish a relationship between DSEF obtained from the numerical simulations and the corresponding dimensionless numbers. The simulation results show that for the studied conditions the underground dynamics is mostly influenced by the gravity number, followed by effective aspect ratio and dip numbers. The results from the response surface regression analysis are used to develop a correlation, which can be used to estimate the dynamic CO2storage capacity of relevant zones. This study provides quantitative measures for the different competing mechanisms involved in underground displacement of fluids in CO2geological storage, which can serve as a useful tool during planning phase of storage projects. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A systematic literature review based on different fuel injection strategies used in scramjet combustors
Authors: Gugulothu Santhosh K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA supersonic combustion ramjet engine is an air‐breathing propulsive system aimed at futuristic hypersonic vehicles. The profound advantages observed in the area of defence applications has attracted researchers' attention towards improving the fluid flow dynamics of scramjet engines. The present effort summarizes the fundamental problems and latest advances in fuel injection techniques. Improvements and application of modern fuel injection technologies have a profound impact on the scramjet engine, increasing capacity in terms of flight speed, efficiency in fuel mixing, and combustion. The fuel injection system has a direct impact on the engine's combustion processes, determining the scramjet engine's thrust power and its flight speed. A systematic database including brief descriptions of mixing enhancement mechanisms was analyzed numerically and experimentally, identifying the needed and existing fuel injection strategies. The numerical and computational analysis directly related to the experimental investigations is also included.
Optimal design of snow stake networks to estimate snow depth in an alpine mountain range
Authors: Collados‐Lara Antonio‐Juan , Pardo‐Igúzquiza Eulogio , Pulido‐Velazquez David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMonitoring and estimation of snow depth in alpine catchments is needed for a proper assessment of management alternatives for water supply in these water resources systems. The distribution of snowpack thickness is usually approached by using field data that come from snow samples collected at a given number of locations that constitute the monitoring network. Optimal design of this network is required to obtain the best possible estimates. Assuming that there is an existing monitoring network, its optimization may imply the selection of an optimal network as a subset of the existing one (if there are no funds to maintain them) or enlarging the existing network by one or more stations (optimal augmentation problem). We propose an optimization procedure that minimizes the total variance in the estimate of snowpack thickness. The novelty of this work is to treat, for the first time, the problem of snow observation network optimization for an entire mountain range rather than for small catchments as done in the previous studies. Taking into account the reduced data available, which is a common problem in many mountain ranges, the importance of a proper design of these observation networks is even larger. Snowpack thickness is estimated by combining regression models to approach the effect of the explanatory variables and kriging techniques to consider the influence of the stakes location. We solve the optimization problems under different hypotheses, studying the impacts of augmentation and reduction, both, one by one and in pairs. We also analyse the sensitivity of results to nonsnow measurements deduced from satellite information. Finally, we design a new optimal network by combining the reduction and augmentation methods. The methodology has been applied to the Sierra Nevada mountain range (southern Spain), where very limited resources are employed to monitor snowfall and where an optimal snow network design could prove critical. An optimal snow observation network is defined by relocating some observation points. It would reduce the estimation variance by around 600 cm2 (15%).