bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
G.A.S.
Authors: Cousin M. , Buat V. , Lagache G. , Bethermin M. 
Published: January 2019

Context. Dust is a crucial component of the interstellar medium of galaxies. The presence of dust strongly affects the light produced by stars within a galaxy. As these photons are our main information vector to explore the stellar mass assembly and therefore understand a galaxy’s evolution, modeling the luminous properties of galaxies and taking into account the impact of the dust is a fundamental challenge for semi-analytical models.
Aims. We present the complete prescription of dust attenuation implemented in the new semi-analytical model called G.A.S. This model is based on a two-phase medium originating from a physically motivated turbulent model of gas structuring (G.A.S. Paper I).
Methods. Dust impact is treated by taking into account three dust components: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, very small grains and big grains. All three components evolve in both a diffuse and a fragmented/dense gas phase. Each phase has its own stars, dust content and geometry. Dust content evolves according to the metallicity of it associated phase.
Results. The G.A.S. model is used to predict both the ultraviolet (UV) and the infrared (IR) luminosity functions from z = 9.0 to z = 0.1. Our two-phase ISM prescription catches the evolution of UV and IR luminosity functions very well. We note a small overproduction of the IR luminosity at low redshift (z <  0.5). We also focus on the infrared-excess (IRX) and explore its dependency with the stellar mass, UV slope, stellar age, metallicity and slope of the attenuation curves. Our model predicts large scatters for relations based on IRX, especially for the IRX–β relation. Our analysis reveals that the slope of the attenuation curve is more driven by absolute attenuation in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) band than by disk inclination. We confirm that the age of the stellar population and the slope of the attenuation curve can both shift galaxies below the fiducial star-birth relation in the IRX–β diagram. Main results presented in this paper (e.g., luminosity functions) and in the two other associated G.A.S. papers are stored and available in the GALAKSIENN library through the ZENODO platform.
Evaluation of an overnight non-culture test for detection of viable Gram-negative bacteria in endoscope channels
Authors: Singh Harminder , Duerksen Donald , Schultz Gale , Reidy Carol , DeGagne Pat , Olson Nancy , Nugent Zoann , Alfa Michelle 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Prevention of infection transmission from contaminated endoscopes would benefit from a rapid test that could detect low levels of viable bacteria after high level disinfection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rapid NOW! (RN) test’s ability to detect endoscope contamination.
Materials and methods The RN test kit and the accompanying fluorometer were evaluated. The manufacturer states that a fluorometer signal > 300 units is indicative of viable Gram-negative bacteria. Suspension testing of varying concentrations of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis were used to determine the RN test limit of detection. Simulated-use testing was done using a duodenoscope inoculated with 10 % blood containing approximately 35 CFU E. coli per channel. Samples were extracted from the duodenoscope instrument channel and tested using the manufacturer’s instructions.
Results The RN test could consistently detect 10 CFU of E. coli and P. aeruginosa (fluorescent signal of 9,000 to 11,000 units) but not E. faecalis. Sensitivity and specificity for Gram-negative bacteria were 93 % and 90 %, respectively, using all of the suspensions in the study. Extraction of E. coli from an inoculated duodenoscope instrument channel repeatedly provided a positive signal (i. e. > 2,000 units).
Conclusions The RN test can reliably detect low levels of Gram-negative bacteria in suspension as well as from samples extracted from endoscope channels. These preliminary findings are encouraging but further assessment of extraction efficacy, impact of organic residuals and clinical workflow are still needed.
A suitable marking method to achieve lateral margin negative in endoscopic submucosal dissection for undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer
Authors: Yoshimizu Shoichi , Yamamoto Yorimasa , Horiuchi Yusuke , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Ishiyama Akiyoshi , Hirasawa Toshiaki , Tsuchida Tomohiro , Fujisaki Junko 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Delineating undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer (UD-type EGC) from noncancerous areas is difficult. Therefore, the lateral margin negative (LM−) resection rate of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is lower for UD-type EGC than for differentiated-type EGC. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of the marking methods with circumferential biopsies in ESD for UD-type EGC.
Patients and methods We analyzed the clinical outcomes of ESD in 127 patients with UD-type EGC between April 2013 and 2017. We performed diagnostic delineation of cancerous areas using magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging, and four or more circumferential biopsies approximately 5 mm apart from the estimated lesion border were obtained to confirm noncancerous areas. The markings were placed on the circumferential biopsy scars, and a mucosal incision line was made outside the markings.
Results Median size of the tumors and ESD specimens was 12 and 35 mm, respectively. En-bloc resection rate was 100 % (127/127), and LM− and curative resection rates were 97.6 % (124/127) and 80.3 % (102/127), respectively. Circumferential biopsy in preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy has successfully identified the misdiagnosis of cancerous areas of four patients (3.2 %), with three (2.4%) achieving LM− resection. LM + resection was pathologically identified in three patients (2.4 %), with all undergoing non-curative resection due to > 20-mm tumor. The proportion of patients with the shortest distance ≥ 5 mm from the lesion edge to the specimen edge was 88.2 % (112/127).
Conclusion Our marking methods with circumferential biopsies may reduce LM + resections in ESD for UD-type EGC.
Teilnahmebereitschaft und Adhärenz von Teilnehmern an „Trittsicher“-Bewegungskursen
Authors: Roigk Patrick , Kampe Karin , Rapp Kilian , Rupp Karin , Pfeiffer Klaus 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Stürze und sturzbedingte Verletzungen gehören zu den großen Herausforderungen heutiger industrieller Gesellschaften. Die bekanntermaßen effektiven gruppenbasierten Trainingsprogramme sind jedoch gerade in ländlichen Gebieten unzureichend verfügbar.
Ziel Nach erfolgreicher Implementation der Trittsicher-Bewegungskurse in ausgewählten ländlichen Regionen Deutschlands war das Ziel der Analyse, die Gründe der Teilnahme und Adhärenz durch 6 Fokusgruppeninterviews zu identifizieren.
Methode Die Daten wurden mittels inhaltlich-strukturierender Analyse nach Mayring 1 analysiert und einem deduktiv gebildeten Kategoriensystem zugeordnet. Zusätzlich wurden quantitative Daten deskriptiv analysiert.
Ergebnisse In den Kategorien erwarteter und wahrgenommener Nutzen, Merkmale der Kursleitung, sozialer Zusammenhang, Empowerment sowie Motivation und Design des Programms fanden sich Kriterien, die eine Teilnahmewahrscheinlichkeit und Adhärenz erhöhten.
Schlussfolgerung Die hier analysierten Kriterien sollten bereits bei der Planung von neuen Bewegungsprogrammen mit den Erwartungen der Zielgruppe abgeglichen werden.
Chondroid Tumors as Incidental Findings and Differential Diagnosis between Enchondromas and Low-grade Chondrosarcomas
Authors: Isaac Amanda , Villagrán José , Afonso P. 
Published: January 2019

Chondroid tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that all share the production of chondroid matrix. This ranges from a fetal type to mature hyaline cartilage and mirrors its imaging characteristics.The benign chondroid tumors represent some of the most encountered incidental bone lesions, with osteochondroma the most frequent benign bone tumor. Enchondroma is mostly asymptomatic, and yet it is probably the second most common primary bone tumor. Similarly, its malignant counterpart, chondrosarcoma, is the second most common malignant primary bone tumor.The 2013 World Health Organization (WHO) updated this group of tumors, and grade 1 chondrosarcoma was renamed “atypical cartilage tumor” and classified as an intermediate type of tumor, not a malignancy, which better describes its clinical behavior.In this article we summarize changes made in the updated 2013 WHO classification and highlight the diagnostic features differentiating an enchondroma from a low-grade chondrosarcoma. We also describe practical imaging aspects of the remaining chondroid tumors.
Reduced Verification of Medication Alerts Increases Prescribing Errors
Authors: Lyell David , Magrabi Farah , Coiera Enrico 
Published: January 2019

Objective Clinicians using clinical decision support (CDS) to prescribe medications have an obligation to ensure that prescriptions are safe. One option is to verify the safety of prescriptions if there is uncertainty, for example, by using drug references. Supervisory control experiments in aviation and process control have associated errors, with reduced verification arising from overreliance on decision support. However, it is unknown whether this relationship extends to clinical decision-making. Therefore, we examine whether there is a relationship between verification behaviors and prescribing errors, with and without CDS medication alerts, and whether task complexity mediates this.
Methods A total of 120 students in the final 2 years of a medical degree prescribed medicines for patient scenarios using a simulated electronic prescribing system. CDS (correct, incorrect, and no CDS) and task complexity (low and high) were varied. Outcomes were omission (missed prescribing errors) and commission errors (accepted false-positive alerts). Verification measures were access of drug references and view time percentage of task time.
Results Failure to access references for medicines with prescribing errors increased omission errors with no CDS (high-complexity: χ
2(1) = 12.716; p < 0.001) and incorrect CDS (Fisher's exact; low-complexity: p = 0.002; high-complexity: p = 0.001). Failure to access references for false-positive alerts increased commission errors (low-complexity: χ
2(1) = 16.673, p < 0.001; high-complexity: χ
2(1) = 18.690, p < 0.001). Fewer participants accessed relevant references with incorrect CDS compared with no CDS (McNemar; low-complexity: p < 0.001; high-complexity: p < 0.001). Lower view time percentages increased omission (F(3, 361.914) = 4.498; p = 0.035) and commission errors (F(1, 346.223) = 2.712; p = 0.045). View time percentages were lower in CDS-assisted conditions compared with unassisted conditions (F(2, 335.743) = 10.443; p < 0.001).
Discussion The presence of CDS reduced verification of prescription safety. When CDS was incorrect, reduced verification was associated with increased prescribing errors.
Conclusion CDS can be incorrect, and verification provides one mechanism to detect errors. System designers need to facilitate verification without increasing workload or eliminating the benefits of correct CDS.
Postnatal Paraclinical Parameters Associated to Occurrence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants
Authors: Turova Varvara , Botkin Nikolai , Eckardt Laura , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Rieger-Fackeldey Esther , Alves-Pinto Ana , Kovtanyuk Andrey , Sidorenko Irina , Lampe Renée 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most frequent complication in postnatal development of preterm infants. The purpose of the present work is the statistical evaluation of seven standard paraclinical parameters and their association to the development of ICH. Clinical records of 265 preterm infants with gestational age (GA) 23 to 30 weeks were analyzed. According to ICH status, patients were divided into control (without ICH) and affected (with ICH) groups. Mean values of paraclinical parameters at each week of gestation were compared. Different ICH grades, periods before and after ICH were considered separately. Lower hematocrit, SaO2, and pH were statistically significant for preterm infants with 23 to 30 weeks GA and diagnosis of ICH relative to infants without ICH. Additionally, for preterm infants with 27 to 30 weeks GA, higher C-reactive protein, as well as lower values of thrombocytes were associated with the occurrence of ICH. Preterm infants with 23 to 26 weeks GA showed C-reactive protein values similar to those in the group without ICH and lower levels of thrombocytes after bleeding. Significant differences in paraclinical parameters between preterm infants with and without ICH may constitute useful indicators for closer clinical observation of preterm infants at risk of ICH.
Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Anemic Subjects from Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Tripathi Poonam , Agarwal Sarita , Muthuswamy Srinivasan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is caused by one or more mutations in the G6PD gene on chromosome X. It affects approximately 400 million people worldwide. The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and G6PD gene mutations in the hospital-based settings in patients referred for suspected G6PD deficiency. A qualitative fluorescent spot test and dichlorophenol-indolphenol (DCIP) test were performed. G6PD-deficient, positive samples were further processed for mutation analysis by Sanger sequencing. Out of 1,069 cases, 95 (8.8%) were detected as G6PD deficient (by DCIP test) and were sent for molecular analysis. The G6PD Mediterranean mutation (563C > T) is the most common variant among G6PD-deficient individuals followed by the Coimbra (592C→T) and Orissa (131C→G) variants. We concluded that all symptomatic patients (anemic or jaundiced) should be investigated for G6PD deficiency. Our findings will inform our population screening approach and help provide better management for G6PD-deficient patients.
Obstetrical Outcomes of Head and Neck (Nonthyroid) Cancers: A 27-Year Retrospective Series and Literature Review
Authors: Figueiró-Filho Ernesto , Horgan Richard , Muhanna Nidal , Parrish Jacqueline , Irish Jonathan , Maxwell Cynthia 
Published: January 2019

Objective To describe the clinical presentation and obstetrical outcomes of nonthyroid head and neck cancers (HNCs), and to review literature on this rare condition in pregnancy.
Study Design Pregnant women with nonthyroid HNC were identified retrospectively from 1990 to 2017. Maternal, neonatal, pregnancy, and demographic data were collected. A review of the literature from January 1980 to May 2018 was performed.
Results Over the 27-year time period, 16 women with history of nonthyroid HNC were identified (9 diagnosed during and 7 diagnosed before current pregnancy). The cases were analyzed in detail and the most updated review of management of each type of HNC was provided.
Conclusions HNCs are rare with diagnosis and management challenges during pregnancy. In this series, the cases diagnosed and managed previously to pregnancy presented better perinatal outcomes than the cases presented during pregnancy. The maternal outcomes appeared similar for HNC diagnosed before or after pregnancy.
An improved 96 well plate format lipid quantification assay for standardisation of experiments with extracellular vesicles
Authors: Visnovitz Tamás , Osteikoetxea Xabier , Sódar Barbara W. , Mihály Judith , Lőrincz Péter , Vukman Krisztina V. , Tóth Eszter Ágnes , Koncz Anna , Székács Inna , Horváth Robert , Varga Zoltán , Buzás Edit I. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is an exponentially growing segment of biomedical sciences. However, the problems of normalisation and quantification of EV samples have not been completely solved. Currently, EV samples are standardised on the basis of their protein content sometimes combined with determination of the particle number. However, even this combined approach may result in inaccuracy and overestimation of the EV concentration. Lipid bilayers are indispensable components of EVs. Therefore, a lipid‐based quantification, in combination with the determination of particle count and/or protein content, appears to be a straightforward and logical approach for the EV field. In this study, we set the goal to improve the previously reported sulfo‐phospho‐vanillin (SPV) lipid assay. We introduced an aqueous phase liposome standard (DOPC) to replace the purified lipid standards in organic solvents (used commonly in previous studies). Furthermore, we optimised the concentration of the vanillin reagent in the assay. We found that elimination of organic solvents from the reaction mixture could abolish the background colour that interfered with the assay. Comparison of the optimised assay with a commercial lipid kit (based on the original SPV lipid assay) showed an increase of sensitivity by approximately one order of magnitude. Thus, here we report a quick, reliable and sensitive test that may fill an existing gap in EV standardisation. When using the optimised lipid assay reported here, EV lipid measurements can be more reliable than protein‐based measurements. Furthermore, this novel assay is almost as sensitive and as easy as measuring proteins with a simple BCA test.
On the semisimplicity of reductions and adelic openness for 𝐸-rational compatible systems over global function fields
Authors: Böckle Gebhard , Gajda Wojciech , Petersen Sebastian 
Published: January 2019

Let

X
X

be a normal geometrically connected variety over a finite field

κ
\kappa

of characteristic

p
p

. Let

(

ρ
λ

:

π
1

(
X
)
→

GL

n

(

E
λ

)

)
λ

(\rho _\lambda \colon \pi _1(X)\to \textrm {GL}_n(E_\lambda ) )_\lambda

be any semisimple

E
E

-rational compatible system, where

E
E

is a number field and

λ
\lambda

ranges over the finite places of

E
E

not above

p
p

. We derive new properties on the monodromy groups of such systems for almost all

λ
\lambda

and give natural criteria for the corresponding geometric adelic representation to have open image in an appropriate sense. Key inputs to our results are automorphic methods and the Langlands correspondence over global function fields proved by L. Lafforgue.

To say more, let

(

ρ
¯

λ

:

π
1

(
X
)
→

GL

n

(

k
λ

)

)
λ

(\overline {\rho }_\lambda \colon \pi _1(X)\to \textrm {GL}_n(k_\lambda ) )_\lambda

be the corresponding mod-

λ
\lambda

system, where for every

λ
\lambda

by

O

λ

{\mathcal O}_\lambda

and

k
λ

k_\lambda

we denote the valuation ring and the residue field of

E
λ

E_\lambda

, and where the reduction is done with respect to some

π
1

(
X
)

\pi _1(X)

-stable

O

λ

{\mathcal O}_\lambda

-lattice

Λ
λ

\Lambda _\lambda

of

E
λ
n

E_\lambda ^n

. Let also

G
λ

g
e
o

G_\lambda ^{\mathrm {geo}}

be the Zariski closure of

ρ
λ

(

π
1

(

X

κ
¯

)
)

\rho _\lambda (\pi _1(X_{\overline {\kappa }}))

in

GL

n
,
E

\textrm {GL}_{n, E}

, and let

G

λ

g
e
o

\mathcal {G}_\lambda ^{\mathrm {geo}}

be its schematic closure in

Aut

O

λ

(

Λ
λ

)

\textrm {Aut}_{{\mathcal O}_\lambda }(\Lambda _\lambda )

. Assume in the following that the algebraic groups

G
λ

g
e
o

G_\lambda ^{\mathrm {geo}}

are connected.

We prove that for almost all

λ
\lambda

the group scheme

G

λ

g
e
o

\mathcal {G}_\lambda ^{\mathrm {geo}}

is semisimple over

O

λ

{\mathcal O}_\lambda

, and its special fiber agrees with the Nori envelope of

ρ
¯

λ

(

π
1

(

X

κ
¯

)
)

\overline {\rho }_\lambda (\pi _1(X_{\overline {\kappa }}))

. A comparable result under different hypotheses was proved by A. Cadoret, C.-Y. Hui, and A. Tamagawa using other methods. As an intermediate result, we show for

X
X

a curve that any potentially tame compatible system of mod-

λ
\lambda

representations can be lifted to a compatible system over a number field; this implies for almost all

λ
\lambda

the semisimplicity of the restriction

ρ
¯

λ

|

π
1

(

X

κ
¯

)

\overline {\rho }_\lambda |_{\pi _1(X_{\overline {\kappa }})}

. Finally, we establish adelic openness for

(

ρ
λ

|

π
1

(

X

κ
¯

)

)
λ

(\rho _\lambda |_{\pi _1(X_{\overline \kappa })} )_\lambda

in the sense of C. Y. Hui and M. Larsen, for

E
=

Q

E={\mathbb {Q}}

in general, and for

E
⊋

Q

E\supsetneq {\mathbb {Q}}

under additional hypotheses.
Ant pollination of Paepalanthus lundii (Eriocaulaceae) in Brazilian savanna
Authors: Del-Claro K , Rodriguez-Morales D , Calixto E S , Martins A S , Torezan-Silingardi H M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ant–plant associations are widely diverse and distributed throughout the world, leading to complex ecological networks. Regarding ant–plant mutualism, ant pollination is a very rare interaction and few studies have shown the role of ants as pollinators. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the role of ants as effective pollinators of Paepalanthus lundii (Eriocaulaceae) in a Brazilian savanna.

Methods
Fieldwork with experimental manipulation was conducted to evaluate the fitness of P. lundii, considering potential pollinators. For this, we mainly observed the number of seeds produced in different conditions: control, ant exclusion, exclusion of flying insects, and exclusion (entomophily test) of both ants and flying insects. Furthermore, we evaluated all floral visitors throughout the day, stigma receptivity, the numbers of male and female flowers, and patterns of species co-occurrence, which can indicate the presence of different pollinators in the plants at the same time.

Key Results
We observed a relation between seed production and ant visits; Camponotus crassus was the most frequent floral visitor and the most effective pollinator. Also, we observed a statistical difference between the numbers of male and female flowers produced, with a greater number of male flowers. Furthermore, P. lundii presented flowering asynchrony, with 12 different types of maturation sequence, which indicates a cross-pollination system. Lastly, we observed an overlap of the greatest abundance of C. crassus and the time of plant stigmatic receptivity, and a pattern of non co-occurrence of ants, which shows the pollinator role of this ant.

Conclusions
Our data provide evidence that previous generalizations neglecting the importance of ants as pollinators are wrong. Brazilian savanna can reveal a lot about the ant-pollination syndrome, since this environment presents peculiar characteristics related to this association. Thus, this study has great significance for the understanding of the ant-pollination syndrome, and for the understanding of the complex ecological networks present in these dry arid systems.