bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patient treated for multiple sclerosis with 4‐aminopyridine
Authors: Ribeiro Baptista Bruno , Petitpain Nadine , Gomez Emmanuel , Yelehé‐Okouma Melissa , Valentin Simon , Guillaumot Anne , Chabot François , Chaouat Ari 
Published: June 2018

Abstract4‐Aminopyridine (4‐AP) is a recent treatment indicated to improve walking in patient with multiple sclerosis. We report the first case of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that we attribute to the use of 4‐AP. A 64‐year‐old woman with multiple sclerosis presented with dyspnea. After excluding other secondary causes of pulmonary hypertension, a diagnosis of severe PAH due to 4‐AP was made based on right heart catheterization. History revealed that the dyspnea began with the initiation of 4‐AP. After discontinuation of 4‐AP therapy and initiation of ambrisentan and tadalafil, dyspnea and pulmonary arterial pressure have improved significantly and one specific PAH treatment was stopped. 4‐AP is an outward rectifying potassium channel blocker with a vasoconstrictor effect in animal's pulmonary artery. According to the chronological sequence of events, the lack of other etiology, and its pharmacological plausibility, 4‐AP is highly suspected to have induced our patient's PAH.
Local context and connectivity determine the response of zooplankton communities to salt contamination
Authors: Sinclair James S. , Arnott Shelley E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Salt, primarily NaCl, is commonly used to de‐ice winter roads. The usage of road salt is steadily increasing as the area of urbanised land expands, and chloride concentrations in many lakes and flowing waters near roads have been steadily increasing through time. In some waterbodies, these concentrations are reaching levels that are toxic to freshwater organisms, such as zooplankton which are integral to the structure and function of freshwater communities.

We currently have a poor understanding of the impact of road salt contamination on zooplankton communities, and particularly the variation in response among lakes. Zooplankton communities differ in factors that could influence the impacts of elevated chloride, such as local species composition, exposure history and regional connectivity. Assessing and predicting how increasing road salt usage affects natural, freshwater zooplankton communities requires studies that investigate how communities vary in the impacts of elevated chloride, and in their response to dispersal.

We conducted a field mesocosm experiment that examined the effects of salt (NaCl) addition on two different zooplankton communities, which were also subjected to repeated introductions of zooplankton dispersers from the regional species pool. These treatments allowed us to determine whether communities differed in the impacts of salt, and how the effects of salt differed between communities that did and did not receive zooplankton dispersers.

We found variation in the effects of salt and dispersal between our experimental communities. For one lake community, salt drove zooplankton species composition towards dominance by littoral cladocerans. Zooplankton dispersal into this community ameliorated these impacts of salt by returning species composition to a state more similar to our “Control” communities. Conversely, for the other lake community, salt alone had minimal effects on zooplankton, while the combination of salt and dispersal led to declines in adult copepods.

Our experiment found that the impacts of salt varied between two zooplankton communities, causing a range of negative, positive and neutral community effects, and that dispersal from the regional species pool could serve as an ameliorating or exacerbating influence. Efforts to understand and predict the impacts of road salt on freshwater communities would therefore benefit from an evaluation of the potential role played by local (e.g., exposure history and biotic interactions) and regional (e.g., connectivity to possible sources of immigrants) context in the response of communities to elevated chloride.
Functional dentition and associated factors in Brazilian elderly people: A multilevel generalised structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Bomfim Rafael Aiello , Frias Antonio Carlos , Cascaes Andreia Morales , Pereira Antonio Carlos 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the association of socioeconomic status (SES) as a latent variable on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) using four definitions of functional dentition (FD) for elderly people.MethodsFour sets of multilevel generalised structural equation models (GSEM) were used: (i) WHO Functional Dentition (FDWHO); (ii) Well‐distributed teeth (WDT); (iii) FDclass5; and (iv) FDclass6. The indirect effects of SES on OHRQoL were measured in 5951 elderly participants in the São Paulo Oral Health 2015 (SBSP‐15) survey. The latent variable (OHRQoL) was extracted from the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances questionnaire, and GSEM was used to estimate the direction of association among the variables.ResultsSES was directly and strongly associated with FDWHO (Total effects [SC] = 0.56, P < .001); WDT (Total Effects [SC] = 0.55, P < .001); FDclass5 (Total effects [SC] = 0.07, P < .001); and FDclass6 (Total effects [SC] = 0.05, P = .001). All FD outcomes mediate effects of SES on OHRQoL (P < .05). SES had a direct effect on happiness which, in turn, had a direct effect on OHRQoL ([SC] = 0.05, P < .001).ConclusionsAll definitions of FD were good at mediating the effects of SES on OHRQoL, showing the importance of occlusal and periodontal statuses of elderly individuals.
Laser patterning of oriented LiNbO3 crystal particle arrays in NiO‐doped lithium niobium silicate glasses
Authors: Shimada Mamoru , Honma Tsuyoshi , Komatsu Takayuki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe patterning of LiNbO3 crystals was carried out at the surface of NiO‐doped 40Li2O‐32Nb2O5‐28SiO2 (LNS) glasses using continuous‐wave Yb:YVO4 fiber laser (wavelength: 1080 nm) to gain a deeper understanding of the crystal growth in the laser‐induced crystallization in glasses. It was suggested that in the conventional crystallization in an electric furnace, NiO acts as a nucleation agent in the LNS glass and the addition of NiO suppresses the c‐axis orientation of LiNbO3 at the glass surface. It was found from birefringence image observations that LiNbO3 crystals with a dot shape have a radial orientation from the center to the edge parts. Highly c‐axis oriented LiNbO3 crystal particle (diameter: 7‐11 μm) arrays were patterned along the laser scanning direction in laser irradiations (scanning mode: eg, the laser power of 1.60 W and scanning speeds of 7‐10 μm/s) in 3 mol% NiO‐doped LNS glass. It was suggested that the nucleation and crystal growth of LiNbO3 crystals are taking place repeatedly (periodically) along the laser scanning direction, consequently providing LiNbO3 crystal particle arrays.
Case management effectiveness for managing chronic illnesses in Korea: a systematic review
Authors: Joo J.Y. , Liu M.F. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundCase management has been adopted in Korea and been recognized as a promising care‐coordination method that lowers costs and improves quality of care. However, the effectiveness of case management among individuals with chronic illnesses who reside in the community has yet to be established.AimThis systematic review identifies and synthesizes recent evidence of case management's effectiveness in managing chronic illnesses among adults in Korea.MethodsThe methodology of this systematic review was guided by the Cochrane processes and PRISMA statements. A search of multiple bibliographic databases to identify studies of case management in the populations of Koreans adult with chronic illnesses was conducted. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were published in English or Korean. Nine empirical peer‐reviewed studies published between 2008 and 2016 were selected for review.ResultsThe retrieved studies show that case management programmes in Korea for adults with chronic illness in the community were led by nurses. There was strong evidence that nurse‐led case management was effective in improving psychobehavioural and objective clinical outcomes; however, results for health services utilization outcomes were mixed.ConclusionIn future, research with rigorous study designs and large sample size in multiple settings are needed to further assess the effectiveness of case management in Korea.Implications for nursing and health policyNurse‐led case management would be of support in the care of chronic illnesses not only in Korea but also in Asian countries which share standard practice of case management with Korea. Nursing leaders should allocate resources to sponsor educational resources and practical strategies for evidence‐based case management.
The family of 14‐3‐3 proteins and specifically 14‐3‐3σ are up‐regulated during the development of renal pathologies
Authors: Rizou Myrto , Frangou Eleni A. , Marineli Filio , Prakoura Niki , Zoidakis Jerome , Gakiopoulou Harikleia , Liapis George , Kavvadas Panagiotis , Chatziantoniou Christos , Makridakis Manousos , Vlahou Antonia , Boletis John , Vlahakos Demetrios , Goumenos Dimitrios , Daphnis Evgenios , Iatrou Christos , Charonis Aristidis S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChronic kidney disease, the end result of most renal and some systemic diseases, is a common condition where renal function is compromised due to fibrosis. During renal fibrosis, calreticulin, a multifunctional chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is up‐regulated in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) both in vitro and in vivo. Proteomic analysis of cultured TECs overexpressing calreticulin led to the identification of the family of 14‐3‐3 proteins as key proteins overexpressed as well. Furthermore, an increased expression in the majority of 14‐3‐3 family members was observed in 3 different animal models of renal pathologies: the unilateral ureteric obstruction, the nephrotoxic serum administration and the ischaemia‐reperfusion. In all these models, the 14‐3‐3σ isoform (also known as stratifin) was predominantly overexpressed. As in all these models ischaemia is a common denominator, we showed that the ischaemia‐induced transcription factor HIF1α is specifically associated with the promoter region of the 14‐3‐3σ gene. Finally, we evaluated the expression of the family of 14‐3‐3 proteins and specifically 14‐3‐3σ in biopsies from IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy patients. These results propose an involvement of 14‐3‐3σ in renal pathology and provide evidence for the first time that hypoxia may be responsible for its altered expression.
Deoxycholic acid activates epidermal growth factor receptor and promotes intestinal carcinogenesis by ADAM17‐dependent ligand release
Authors: Dong Wenxiao , Liu Li , Dou Yan , Xu Mengque , Liu Tianyu , Wang Sinan , Zhang Yujie , Deng Baoru , Wang Bangmao , Cao Hailong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHigh fat diet is implicated in the elevated deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the intestine and correlated with increased colon cancer risk. However, the potential mechanisms of intestinal carcinogenesis by DCA remain unclarified. Here, we investigated the carcinogenic effects and mechanisms of DCA using the intestinal tumour cells and Apcmin/+ mice model. We found that DCA could activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and promote the release of EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG), but not HB‐EGF or TGF‐α in intestinal tumour cells. Moreover, ADAM‐17 was required in DCA‐induced promotion of shedding of AREG and activation of EGFR/Akt signalling pathway. DCA significantly increased the multiplicity of intestinal tumours and accelerated adenoma‐carcinoma sequence in Apcmin/+ mice. ADAM‐17/EGFR signalling axis was also activated in intestinal tumours of DCA‐treated Apcmin/+ mice, whereas no significant change occurred in tumour adjacent tissues after DCA exposure. Conclusively, DCA activated EGFR and promoted intestinal carcinogenesis by ADAM17‐dependent ligand release.
Visceral leishmaniasis in an infant gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): Clinical signs, diagnosis, and successful treatment with single‐dose liposomal amphotericin B
Authors: Tinoco Herlandes Penha , da Costa Maria Elvira Loyola Teixeira , Pessanha Angela Tinoco , Coelho Carlyle Mendes , de Carvalho Tatiane Furtado , Mol Juliana Pinto da Silva , Viana Agostinho Gonçalves , Bueno Lilian Lacerda , Fujiwara Ricardo Toshio , Santos Renato Lima 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA 2‐year‐old captive gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) was diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil, and treated with a single dose of liposomal amphotericin B, which resulted in clinical cure. This is the first report of visceral leishmaniasis in gorillas, and the first reported liposomal amphotericin B treatment in great apes.
Large‐sized pedunculated and polypoidal angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhang Ye , Lv Bingjian , Feng Ye 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAngiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) represents a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor with a predilection for the vulvovaginal region, which may be misdiagnosed as aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM). Herein, we report a case of a 20‐year‐old nulliparous Chinese woman with a unique pedunculated and polypoidal mass, which had been developing within the previous 6 months in the left labium majus, exhibiting the AAM clinical impression but diagnosed as AMF. The mass measured 18 × 10 × 6 cm, and contained diffuse ulcerated areas and purulent discharge. A complete excision of the mass was performed. There was no subsequent evidence of recurrence, according to a 13‐month follow‐up. As a rare benign vulvovaginal tumor, AMF can present on patients of an early reproductive age with rapidly growing, polypoidal pattern. The whole exon sequencing analysis revealed the genomic alterations, which may contribute to the occurrence of AMF.
Antifungal mechanism of action of Schinus lentiscifolius Marchand essential oil and its synergistic effect in vitro with terbinafine and ciclopirox against dermatophytes
Authors: Danielli Letícia J , Pippi Bruna , Duarte Jonathaline A , Maciel Ana J , Lopes William , Machado Michel M , Oliveira Luis Flávio S , Vainstein Marilene H , Teixeira Mário L , Bordignon Sérgio A L , Fuentefria Alexandre M , Apel Miriam A 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal, antichemotactic and antioxidant activities of Schinus lentiscifolius essential oil, as well as its combined effect with terbinafine and ciclopirox, against dermatophytes.

Methods
Essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. The antifungal activity and the mechanism of action were determined by broth microdilution, sorbitol and ergosterol assays, as well as scanning electron microscopy. The checkerboard method was used for evaluating the interactions with commercial antifungal agents. The antioxidant and antichemotactic activities were measured using the DPPH and the modified Boyden chamber methods, respectively.

Key findings
Chemical analysis revealed the presence of 33 compounds, the primary ones being γ-eudesmol (12.8%) and elemol (10.5%). The oil exhibited 97.4% of antichemotactic activity and 37.9% of antioxidant activity. Antifungal screening showed effect against dermatophytes with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 125 and 250 μg/ml. Regarding the mechanisms of action, the assays showed that the oil can act on the fungal cell wall and membrane. Synergistic interactions were observed using the combination with antifungals, primarily terbinafine.

Conclusions
Schinus lentiscifolius essential oil acted as a chemosensitizer of the fungal cell to the drug, resulting in an improvement in the antifungal effect. Therefore, this combination can be considered as an alternative for the topical treatment of dermatophytosis.
Food for thought: formulating away the food effect – a PEARRL review
Authors: O'Shea Joseph P , Holm René , O'Driscoll Caitriona M , Griffin Brendan T 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Co-ingestion of oral dosage forms with meals can cause substantial changes in bioavailability relative to the fasted state. Food-mediated effects on bioavailability can have significant consequences in drug development, regulatory and clinical settings. To date, the primary focus of research has focused on the ability to mechanistically understand the causes and predict the occurrence of these effects.

Key findings
The current review describes the mechanisms underpinning the occurrence of food effects, sheds new insights on the relative frequency for newly licensed medicines and describes the various methods by which they can be overcome. Analysis of oral medicines licensed by either the EMA or FDA since 2010 revealed that over 40% display significant food effects. Due to altered bioavailability, these medicines are often required to be dosed, rather restrictively, in either the fed or the fasted state, which can hinder clinical usefulness.

Summary
There are clinical and commercial advantages to predicting the presence of food effects early in the drug development process, in order to mitigate this risk of variable food effect bioavailability. Formulation approaches aimed at reducing variable food-dependent bioavailability, through the use of bio-enabling formulations, are an essential tool in addressing this challenge and the latest state of the art in this field are summarised here.
A novel formulation of zolpidem for direct nose-to-brain delivery: synthesis, encapsulation and intranasal administration to mice
Authors: Borodina Tatiana , Marchenko Irina , Trushina Daria , Volkova Yulia , Shirinian Valerii , Zavarzin Igor , Kondrakhin Evgeny , Kovalev Georgy , Kovalchuk Mikhail , Bukreeva Tatiana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Anxiolytic drug zolpidem was incorporated into the microcontainers based on mesoporous calcium carbonate particles modified by diethylaminoethyl-dextran/hyaluronic acid shell. The release of zolpidem in saline solution and in polymer film modelling nasal mucosa was investigated. The anxiolytic effect of zolpidem upon intranasal administration of microcontainers and free medicine was determined by in vivo experiments on mice.

Methods
The structures of all compounds during zolpidem synthesis were established using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The loading efficacy and release kinetics of zolpidem were analysed by spectrophotometry. Surface morphology of formulation was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. To determine the effect of zolpidem-loaded containers administration by the intranasal route in vivo experiments was carried out applying the open field test.

Key findings
Nasal administration of zolpidem in the form of the microcontainers based on mesoporous calcium carbonate particles modified by diethylaminoethyl-dextran/hyaluronic acid shell has a pronounced anxiolytic effect on the behaviour of the animals in the open field test.

Conclusions
The polyelectrolyte shell deposited together with zolpidem enhances the loading efficacy of the microcontainers. In vivo experiments on mice demonstrate increase in anxiolytic effect of zolpidem in microcontainers compared with upon intranasal administration of free medicine.
Fabric Softener Fragrances Modulate the Impression Toward Female Faces and Frontal Brain Activity
Authors: Onuma Takuya , Sakai Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the modulatory effect of olfactory cues on impression toward faces. Twelve Japanese university students participated in the experiment. Before the participants had arrived, the experimental room had been filled with one of three fragrances of fabric softener as the ambient odor, or with no odor. All participants were exposed to each of the four odor conditions on separate days. In the experimental room, participants viewed 20 photographs of Japanese female faces and evaluated their impression toward the faces. The brain activity from the frontal brain region was recorded with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy. The fragrances enhanced an effeminate impression for the faces, but the effect was face‐dependent. A positive relationship between the impression change induced by the fragrances and the activity of the right frontal brain was observed. These findings indicated that olfactory cues modulate face perception in a manner that cannot be explained by a mood effect, and that the frontal brain region is involved in the reconstruction process of the integrated impression of face and olfactory cues.
Sinonasal aspergillosis: Outcome after topical treatment in dogs with cribriform plate lysis
Authors: Belda Beatriz , Petrovitch Nicholas , Mathews Kyle G. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundCribriform lysis has been considered a contraindication for topical treatment of sinonasal aspergillosis (SNA) because of concerns about drug extravasation with resultant neurologic signs or death.Objective/HypothesisTo describe dogs with SNA and cribriform plate lysis treated with topical antifungal medications. Our hypothesis was that the conventional dogma that topical therapy should be avoided in these cases is incorrect.AnimalsNine client‐owned dogs with SNA and lysis of the cribriform plate, lysis of the floor of a frontal sinus or both detected by computed tomography (CT).MethodsA retrospective review of medical records was performed. Dogs that met inclusion criteria (ie, SNA confirmed by at least 1 laboratory test, braincase affected on CT, and topical treatment applied) were included. Size of lesions, ancillary diagnostic test results, topical therapy, and adjuvant PO treatments were recorded. Outcome was determined by phone calls.ResultsFour dogs were alive at the time of the manuscript submission with follow‐up ranging from 188 to 684 days without neurological signs observed. All dogs were discharged without major complication 1‐7 days postoperatively. One dog that had presented with a history of seizures experienced seizure activity 2 months after treatment.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTopical therapy did not result in complications in these dogs in which lytic regions as large as 16 × 22 mm2were noted. Sinonasal aspergillosis associated lysis of the cribriform plate; lysis of the floor of a frontal sinus or both detected on CT is not necessarily a contraindication to topical therapy.