bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Tolerability of Cariprazine as Monotherapy for Acute Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Laha Poulami , Basavaraju Rakshathi , Parameshwaran Soumya , Damodaran Dinakaran , Malo Palash Kumar , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar , Kesavan Muralidharan 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Bipolar depression (BDep) presents a significant clinical challenge with limited treatment options. The second-generation antipsychotics are increasingly utilized as primary or adjunct treatments. The use of cariprazine as monotherapy was approved by the US- Food and Drug Administration for acute BDep in 2019.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of cariprazine as monotherapy for acute BDep compared to placebo.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing cariprazine as monotherapy for acute BDep. The inclusion criteria encompassed English language studies comparing cariprazine as monotherapy to placebo, with outcomes measured within 6–12 weeks. The primary outcome measures included response and remission rates. The secondary outcomes included standardized mean differences (SMDs) in Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score changes from baseline to endpoint, dropout rates, and dropout rates due to adverse effects. The binary and continuous outcomes were analyzed using the Mantel–Haenszel and inverse variance methods, respectively, with RevMan 5.4 software. This study was done as the part of a network meta-analysis registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017077575).

Results:
Only four studies were eligible for the meta-analysis, encompassing 1747 patients. Cariprazine demonstrated significantly higher response rates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.79) and remission rates (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.20–1.93) compared to placebo. SMDs showed that cariprazine was more efficacious (MADRS: SMD −0.24, 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.14, and HAM-D: SMD −0.21, 95% CI: −0.31 to −0.11). There was no significant difference in overall dropout rates and dropout rates due to adverse effects between cariprazine and the placebo arm. Hence, tolerability was comparable to placebo. Heterogeneity was not significant (I
2 = 0).

Conclusion:
Cariprazine monotherapy was found to be efficacious in acute BDep, with a significant number of patients attaining remission. It is comparable to a placebo in terms of tolerability profile. Future studies are required to understand its efficacy and safety as a prophylactic for preventing mood episodes in BDep.
Experience with Dog Sterilization Campaigns for Surveillance of Zoonotic Diseases in Ecuador: Building Bridges with Animal Organizations to Improve One Health Research
Authors: Rodriguez-Pazmiño Angel Sebastian , Orlando Solon Alberto , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
The extensive population of free-roaming dogs poses significant public health risks in low- and middle-income countries because of their potential role in spreading infectious and zoonotic diseases. This article discusses the successful collaboration between academia and nonprofit animal welfare organizations in Ecuador to enhance One Health surveillance despite limited research resources. This collaborative model could serve as a valuable example for other countries in the Americas and globally, where community-based strategies may improve One Health policies.
Changes associated with dietary beetroot extract on diet-induced damage in the common carotid artery of the albino rat (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>)
Authors: Ndung'u Wanjiku , Nurani Khulud , Obimbo Moses , Odula Paul , Munguti Jeremiah 
Published: November 2024

The high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHFr) has become widespread globally corresponding to a rise in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Traditionally, these diseases were managed by multiple-drug regimens whose adherence was limited by side effects, hence leading to consideration of natural compounds. Recent studies have exploited the phytochemical properties of numerous plant extracts in ameliorating the histological changes seen in common carotid artery (CCA) damage, however, hardly any studies have investigated the effect of beetroot extract. The CCA were obtained from a biobank of a study that induced HFHFr in 45 male rats. Rats in the control group had received standard rat chow and water, and the positive control group received HFHFr. Those in the experimental group received HFHFr and 200mg/kg beetroot extract. These rats were randomly selected, euthanized and perfused on weeks 4,8,10 and 16. Their CCA were harvested, processed and stereological techniques applied to determine the densities of different histological components of the CCA.The HFHFr fed experimental animals revealed medial vascular thickening with a resultant increase in carotid intima-media thickness, increased vascular smooth muscle density, reduced elastic fiber density, and increased collagen fiber density compared to controls. Beetroot coadministration was protective against most of these structural changes. Dietary administration of beetroot extract has been found to be ameliorative to structural changes on the CCA following administration of HFHFr. Therefore, dietary beetroot extract may be indicated to mitigate harmful changes following long term exposure to a high fat high fructose diet.
Rare origin of the third head of biceps <i>brachii</i> muscle, its clinical significance, review on incidence and clinical application
Authors: Shin Mya Thein 
Published: November 2024

The anatomical variations of the biceps brachii muscle are well-known and well-documented. Awareness of these variations is necessary to avoid complications during radio diagnostic procedures or surgeries in the arm. The biceps brachii muscle is one of the most variable muscles in the human body, in terms of the number and morphology of its heads. Thus, the anatomical variations and gross innervations pattern of the biceps brachii muscle were studied in the present work by using 62 arms from 31 adult cadavers. Among 62 studied arms, 26 arms (41.9%) were males, and 36 arms (58.1%) were females. During the study, the third head was found in seven out of 62 arms (11.3%). It was found that four out of 26 studied male biceps muscles (15.4%) revealed third heads while three out of 36 studied female biceps muscles (8.3%) revealed third heads. Also, third head prevalence among male subjects was found to be nearly doubled than those of female subjects. It was found that three out of 31 left-sided biceps muscles (9.3%) included third heads while four out of 31 rightsided biceps muscles (12.9%) included third heads. So, the third head prevalence on the right side was found to be higher than that of the left side. Bilateral third heads were found in two out of 31 cadavers (6.4%) and three out of 31 studied cadavers (9.6%) had unilateral third heads. There were three types of variations encountered in the origin of the third head. They could be categorized as (1) infero-medial humeral origin was found in five arms (71.4%), (2) infero-lateral humeral origin was found in one arm (14.3%), (3) coracoid origin was found in one arm (14.3%). The third head originated from the coracoid process of scapula together with the short head of biceps brachii was a rare variant found by Macalister in 1875. In the present study, it was found in one out of seven third heads (14.3%). Based on the current literature review, it was the first time to find this rare origin of the third head since the day of the Macalister. Understanding of such variations is helpful in preoperative diagnosis and surgery of the upper limb.
Staff Relationship And Job Performance In Higher Institutions: The Nigerian Experience
Authors: Stephen Olenye Edeh , Florence Nguungwan Uzu , Victor N Adi 
Published: November 2024

The study examines the relationship between staff and job performance in universities in south-south, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested by using multiple regression technique to justify the truth or otherwise of the hypotheses. The tested null hypotheses were rejected and the alternate hypotheses retained. From the findings, it is observed that a significant correlation exists between the heads of department relationship with staff and job performance. There was also a significant relationship between role task analysis and job performance among heads of department. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that there should be cordial relationship between heads of department and staff. This will help to enhance job performance in our institutions of learning. A well-defined roles and tasks should be designed for departmental heads to provide leverage for them and pave ways for effective and efficient performance of their jobs. This will lead to the overall growth of the students, staff and the university community.
The Relationship Between Dietary Supplement And Muscles Endurance And Balance Among Athletes In Cross River State Nigeria
Authors: AgborObun Dan Felicia , Christiana O Ukpata , Stephen Ushie Akpa 
Published: November 2024

This study examined the relationship between dietary supplement and, muscular endurance and balance among athletes in Cross River State. Two research objectives were formulated to guide and direct the study. The objectives investigated the relationship between dietary supplement and muscular endurance and the relationship between dietary supplement and balance among athletics in Cross River State, Nigeria. Relevant literature related to the study was reviewed. Survey research design was considered appropriate for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the sporting facilities while systematic random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the two hundred and thirty-five respondents used for the study. A well validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Pearson product moment correlation statistical tool was used for data analysis. The result obtained revealed that; dietary supplement significantly relates with muscular endurance among athletes and there is no significant relationship between dietary supplement and body balance among athletes. The study recommended that athletes should be regularly sensitized on the need to take relevant dietary supplement, when necessary, in order to boost their level of muscular endurance while performing sports
Determinants Of Adherence To Anti-Glycaemic Drugs Among Patients With Diabetes Attending A Diabetic Clinic Of A Tertiary Hospital In South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Elemi Agbor Iwasam , Akwa Mpama Enagu , Ugo Eyong Ugochi , Obu Benson 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Adherence to anti-glycaemic drugs are important to achieve optimal glycaemic control and desirable patient health outcomes. Poor adherence could increase diabetic-related morbidities and mortality. This study aimed to assess adherence to anti-glycaemic drugs and its determinants among patients with diabetes who attended the diabetic clinic in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria from January 2018 to December 2021.
METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 167 study participants. Adherence to diabetic treatment was determined through self-reports of how patients had been taking their medications within the past one week before the interview. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25.0, p-value set at 0.05 and Confidence Interval was set at 95%.
RESULTS: of the 167 patients studied, 46.1% were males while 53.9% were females. The prevalence of adherence to anti-glycaemic medication was 61.7%. Forgetfulness, side effects of drugs, feeling that the dose is high, multiple drugs, how/when to take the drug, type of medication and comorbidities were significantly associated with adherence. Binary logistic regression showed that forgetfulness, side effects and comorbidities were significant determinants of adherence.
CONCLUSION: There is need for targeted interventions to promote adherence to anti-glycaemic drugs.
A Class Of Positive Definite Spherical Functions On The Euclidean Motion Groups
Authors: E Edeke U , D Ariyo R , C Dada O 
Published: November 2024

Let be the Euclidean motion group realized as the semi-direct product of and . Let be a compact subgroup of . The set of positive definite spherical functions on is studied. Among other things, a result of Bochner which characterizes a K- bi-invariant positive definite spherical function in any locally compact group, is extended to the Gelfand pair ).
Thromboses veineuses cérébrales : deux cas révélant des thrombophilies au Togo
Authors: Ephoevi-Ga A.M. , Guinhouya K.M. , Agba L. , Anayo K.N. , Kabassem B. , Apetse K. , Assogba K. , Kumako V. , Kombate D. , Belo M. , Balogou A.K. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction : La thrombose veineuse cérébrale (TVC) est une maladie veineuse thrombo-embolique rare, qui représente 0,5 à 3% des accidents vasculaires cérébraux.
Observations : Le premier patient âgé de 17 ans, a été admis pour des céphalées inhabituelles accompagnées de vomissements et de crises convulsives généralisées. Les céphalées ont évolué depuis 3 semaines. L’examen neurologique est revenu normal. La tomodensitométrie cérébrale a révélé un hématome cortical et l’angioscanner cérébral une thrombose du sinus sagittal supérieur, du sinus traverse et du sinus droit. Le bilan de thrombophilie a retrouvé un déficit en protéine S. Il a été traité par enoxaprine puis fluindione. La seconde patiente âgée de 39 ans, a été référée pour des céphalées en casque associées à des vomissements et une anorexie. L’examen d’entrée a retrouvé un syndrome d’altération de l’état général, un syndrome pyramidal droit déficitaire. L’IRM cérébrale a montré trois foyers lésionnels : temporal droit, capsulo-thalamique et cérébelleux gauche. Ces foyers étaient en hyposignal T1, hypersignal T2 et FLAIR avec un rehaussement pseudo-nodulaire dont l’aspect faisait évoquer une thrombophlébite d’origine infectieuse ou des lésions tumorales. Le diagnostic de TVC a finalement été retenu. Le bilan étiologique a retrouvé un déficit en antithrombine III. Elle a été traitée par enoxaprine puis rivaroxaban.
Conclusion : La recherche de thrombophilie devrait faire partie du bilan étiologique systématique de TVC du sujet jeune.
Les urgences ORL au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé (Togo)
Authors: Foma W. , Amana E. , Ametsiwou K.P. , Adam S. , Pegbessou E.P. , Bissa H. , Amana B. , Boko E. 
Published: November 2024

Objectif : dresser une vue panoramique de la prise en charge des urgences ORL au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé afin d’actualiser les données sur la question au Togo et faciliter les mesures de prévention.
Méthodologie : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale de type descriptif portant sur les urgences ORL durant une période de six (06) mois. Ont été inclus dans notre étude tous les patients reçus pour une urgence dans le service ORL et qui ont accepté l’utilisation de leurs données pour cette étude.
Résultats : Les urgences ORL ont représenté 12,15% des consultations. L’âge moyen était de 31,28± 21,97. Le sex-ratio était 1,19. La tuméfaction cervico-faciale douloureuse était le motif de consultation le plus fréquent (30,91%), suivi de la suspicion de corps étrangers des voies aérodigestives supérieures (24,85%), des traumatismes cervicomaxillo-faciaux (16,36%) et des saignements (13,03%). Les urgences étaient relatives (76,97%), absolues (15,15%) et fonctionnelles (7,88%). Les urgences relatives étaient dominées par les cellulites cervico-faciales (30,61%), les corps étrangers des voies aérodigestives supérieures (24,85%) et les traumatismes maxillo-faciaux graves (12,73%). Les urgences vraies étaient dominées par les épistaxis (66%). Il existait une association statistiquement significative entre la situation géographique des patients et le délai de consultation (p = 0,031). Dans les 24 premières heures suivant l’admission 74,54% des patients ont été pris en charge. L’évolution immédiate a été favorable chez 97,58% des patients La durée moyenne de l’hospitalisation était de 13,21 jours.
Conclusion : Les urgences ORL sont dominées par les urgences relatives au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé. L’organisation de séances de formation médicale continue à l’endroit des agents de santé de premier contact et de sensibilisation à l’endroit de la population pourrait aider à optimiser l’utilisation des ressources disponibles.
Profil des intoxications aigues au Centre Hospitalier Régional de Dapaong (Togo)
Authors: Tchala K.M. , Diallo A. , Ekouevi D. , Dare T. , Kolou M. 
Published: November 2024

Objectif : Le but de cette étude est de décrire le profil des intoxications aiguës dans les services de pédiatrie, des soins intensifs et de médecine du Centre Hospitalier Régional de Dapaong.
Méthode : Une étude descriptive a été menée de janvier 2017 à décembre 2021. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes servi des dossiers médicaux des patients hospitalisés dans les services de pédiatrie, des soins intensifs et de médecine.
Résultats : Au total, 505 cas répondaient à nos critères d’inclusion. Les intoxications étaient volontaires dans 88,12 % des cas. Les pesticides (68,52 %) étaient les toxiques les plus incriminés suivis des produits industriels et ménagers (9,70 %) et des substances psychoactives (8,32 %). La prise en charge pré hospitalière était dominée par l’administration de l’huile rouge (13,86 %). Le pronostic était défavorable dans 10 % des cas.
Conclusion : Cette étude montre d’une part, le potentiel risque d’intoxication lié à l’accessibilité des pesticides à la population, l’absence d’une systématisation de la prise en charge pré hospitalière et hospitalière des intoxications aiguës et d’autres parts, la nécessité de la mise en place d’un centre antipoison.
Étude de prévalence de l’usage de drogues par les patients hospitalisés au département de psychiatrie, Centre-Hospitalo-Universitaire point G, Mali
Authors: Coulibaly S.P. , Traore A.A. , Salifou S. , Dara A.E. , Nanema D. , Cisse M.O. , Malah Notu C.A. , Dolo H. , Sangaré M. , Traore J. , Traore K. , Kone M. , Maiga B.H. , Nombro R. , Diarra Z. , Diakite B. , Anagonou L. , Coulibaly S. , Koumare B. 
Published: November 2024

Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence de la consommation des substances psychoactives parmi les patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Point G.
Méthodes: Il s’agissait d’une enquête transversale portant sur les dossiers de patients hospitalisés pour troubles psychiatriques entre janvier 2014 et décembre 2018. Résultats Sur les cinq années d’activité clinique du service de psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Point G, 1105 dossiers ont été inclus dans l’étude. La fréquence globale de la consommation de substances psychoactives était de 42,9% parmi les patients hospitalisés. Une fréquence élevée de la consommation de drogues était significativement attribuée aux hommes (98,3%), à la tranche d’âge 21-30 ans (47,0%), au niveau d’instruction primaire (34,8%) et à la zone de résidence urbaine (67,7%) (p=0,000 ; 0,002 ; 0,000 ; 0,000). La schizophrénie, les troubles schizotypiques et les troubles délirants ont été diagnostiqués chez 28,5% des patients ayant utilisés des substances psychoactives (p=0,323). Les troubles de l’humeur ont été retrouvés dans 6,8%. Les substances psychoactives les plus utilisées étaient le tabac (32,7%), le cannabis (26,0%), l’alcool (15,6%) et le tramadol (4,6%). Les patients hospitalisés avaient consommé concomitamment plusieurs substances psychoactives dans 57,0%.
Conclusion: Les patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie de 2014 à 2018 avaient eu pour la majorité une notion de consommation de substances psychoactives bien que nous n’ayons pas trouvé d’association statistiquement significative entre les troubles psychiatriques diagnostiqués et la consommation de substances psychoactives.
Le conseil constitutionnel ivoirien et l’élection présidentielle de sortie de crise (2009-2011)
Authors: Serikpa J. 
Published: November 2024

Institution clé dans le processus de l’élection présidentielle et législative en Côte d’Ivoire, le Conseil constitutionnel depuis l’avènement de la deuxième République ne s’était jamais prononcé sur une élection présidentielle. Celle de sortie de crise était un test grandeur nature pour cette institution, juge des élections. Comment le Conseil constitutionnel s’est-il comporté ? Traiter une question aussi essentielle nécessite une approche méthodologique qui a consisté en un recoupement des informations collectées et leurs confrontations. Cette recherche met en relief l’attitude adoptée par le Conseil constitutionnel ivoirien lors de l’élection présidentielle censée sortir la Côte d’Ivoire de la crise militaro-politique qu’elle traversait depuis 2002. Le processus de cette présidentielle mainte fois reportée, débute en 2009 pour finalement s’achever en mai 2011. En sa qualité de juge des élections, les décisions de celui-ci concernant l’éligibilité des candidats, la proclamation des résultats et la gestion des contentieux ont suscité des réactions de part et d’autre. L’élection présidentielle qui contenait les promesses d’une sortie de crise heureuse, se termine par une crise postélectorale.
Assessing the implications of social work services to children with autism in Tanzania
Authors: Lembuka Meinrad H. , Buhori Johnas A. 
Published: November 2024

The desk review method guided by ecosystem theory was employed to review and present findings on the roles of social workers in the lives of autistic children in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam was used as a case study where social workers engage and address the special needs of autistic children. Findings show that there are specialised autistic services in Dar es Salaam more than any other region and that social workers play a significant role backed up by the Tanzania Child Act of 2009. Some health professionals and caregivers are not aware of the role of social workers in the care of autism. Social workers however address the needs of autistic children by promoting full and meaningful inclusion of autistic children in social functioning and accessing public goods and services. Social workers also empower autistic children and their families through home and school visits, policy advocacy and using different forms of empowerment with other professions to meet their needs. Despite these roles, their contributions are not well recognised. The paper concluded that social work training does not inform practice towards intervening with autistic children. Therefore, the paper recommended that there should be more advocacy by social workers to increase public awareness of their roles in autistic services and integration of autistic services in training and social welfare services. Social work training institutions should integrate competence to address the needs of autistic children.
Las notas periodísticas de y para las mujeres en Ecuador durante el siglo XIX e inicios del XX
Authors: Romero Cargua Esthela Isaura , Cazorla Basantes Amparo Liliana , Mendez Maldona Amanda 
Published: November 2024

La cuestión historiográfica de las mujeres en Ecuador no ha significado un tema primordial en el quehacer político, educativo y mucho menos periodístico, pese a que sus acciones han constituido micro procesos, a los que consideramos esclarecedores de los hechos y acontecimientos históricos del país, por esta causa se precisa la búsqueda de información sobre ellas en las notas periodísticas del siglo XIX e inicios del XX, más, los hallazgos en los diarios de la época solo hablan de la pugna de poderes políticos, publicados a modo de noticias; figuran además relatos, poesías y cuentos, escritos por hombres y algunas mujeres que desde la clandestinidad prefirieron ocultar su identidad y firmar con seudónimos. Esta investigación logra recabar información de los principales diarios que circulaban en las etapas mencionadas y cuentan de la presencia o exclusión de las mujeres como protagonistas de las noticas en todas sus dimensiones.