bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Synergistic Effect of CuZnCeOx in Controlling the Formation of Methanol and CO from CO2 Hydrogenation
Authors: Hu Xiaosong , Qin Wei , Guan Qingxin , Li Wei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCO2 hydrogenation will be essential for a sustainable society if methanol and CO can be efficiently obtained using appropriate catalysts. In this paper, a highly efficient CuZnCeOx catalyst was synthesized using a parallel flow coprecipitation method, and was evaluated in CO2 hydrogenation to produce methanol and CO. Interestingly, the catalyst shows excellent activity and stability, and the selectivity of the products can be controlled by the amount of CeOx. Characterization results show that a significant synergistic effect between Cu and metal oxides (ZnO and/or CeOx) was observed at the composite catalysts. Cu plays a critical role in the activation of H2, and CeOx strongly adsorbs CO2. CeOx improved the dispersion of Cu nanoparticles and promoted the spillover of atomic hydrogen, which was beneficial to the generation of methanol. Meanwhile, ZnO exhibited weak adsorption ability for CO2, which was beneficial for the generation of CO. In addition, ZnO can significantly improve the dispersion of the CeOx nanoparticles. Both the dispersion of active sites and the activation abilities of CO2 are critical for catalyst activity and product selectivity. Thus, the ternary catalyst CuZnCeOx shows higher performance than the binary catalysts (CuZnOx and CuCeOx) in the CO2 hydrogenation reaction. This paper provides a viable way to produce selectively methanol or CO from CO2 hydrogenation.
HPV RNA in situ hybridization can inform cervical cytology‐histology correlation
Authors: Coppock Joseph D. , Willis Brian C. , Stoler Mark H. , Mills Anne M. 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUNDIn situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) messenger RNA (HPV RNA ISH) recently was introduced as an ancillary tool in the diagnosis of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, and can aid in the distinction between low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) versus reactive/negative biopsies. Prior work has shown that up to one‐half of cases originally diagnosed as LSIL are reclassified as negative/reactive by expert consensus review of morphology, and negative HPV RNA ISH results most often correlate with an expert diagnosis of negative/reactive. Given that LSIL overdiagnoses on biopsy may result in the erroneous clinical impression that a cervical lesion has been sampled appropriately, the authors proposed that HPV RNA ISH can inform cytology‐histology correlation for challenging LSIL biopsies.METHODSA total of 92 cervical biopsies originally diagnosed as LSIL were reviewed by 3 gynecologic pathologists and reclassified based on consensus opinion of morphology. ISH was performed for high‐risk and low‐risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA. Prior/concurrent cytology results were collected.RESULTSBased on expert consensus morphologic review, 49% of biopsies (45 of 92 biopsies) originally diagnosed as LSIL were reclassified as negative, 6.5% (6 of 92 biopsies) were reclassified as high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 44.5% (41 of 92 biopsies) were maintained as LSIL. The majority of LSIL biopsies reclassified as negative (80%; 36 of 45 biopsies) were HPV RNA negative, whereas 93% of LSIL biopsies (39 of 41 biopsies) and 100% of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion biopsies were HPV RNA positive.CONCLUSIONSLSIL often is overdiagnosed by morphology on biopsy, potentially leading to the false impression that a lesion identified on cytology has been sampled. Performing RNA ISH on biopsies decreases histologic LSIL overdiagnosis, and potentially can prompt further sampling when there is cytology‐histology discordance. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Design of NS3 VLC module and performance analysis of ad hoc network under VLC and Wi‐Fi layers
Authors: Sheikh Saad M. , Ali Hamza R. , Asif Hafiz M. , Baig Sobia , Khan Asim A. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryVisible light communication (VLC) is the branch of optical wireless communications that uses light‐emitting diodes for the dual purpose of illumination and very‐high‐speed data communication. The main motivation behind the current work is finding alternatives to the saturated radio frequency spectrum, radio frequency security issue, and vulnerability to interferences. The current work is aimed at developing a module for the physical layer of a VLC‐based ad hoc network in network simulation 3. The VLC physical layer module is developed by using the optical signal modules available in the network simulator. The work also includes modelling of VLC‐based transmitter, wireless optical channel, and the optical receiver. Furthermore, the implementation and evaluation of the VLC‐based physical layer is carried out over a typical ad hoc network under different performance metrics. The designed ad hoc network is also tested under Wi‐Fi module followed by its comparison with corresponding ad hoc network under VLC module. The comparison is based on bit error rate curves, system throughput, and gain in received signal‐to‐noise ratio mainly. Finally, the suitability of different modulation schemes is also investigated in the current work for both Wi‐Fi– and VLC‐based ad hoc networks.
DTR‐mediated conditional cell ablation—Progress and challenges
Authors: Ruedl Christiane , Jung Steffen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCell ablation is a valuable complement to mutagenesis for experimentally defining specific cell functions in physiology and pathophysiology in small animal models. One of the most popular ablation strategies involves transgenic expression of a primate diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) on murine cells that are otherwise resistant to the bacterial exotoxin. The efforts of many laboratories using the DTR approach over the years have yielded numerous valuable insights into specific cell functions. Here, we will discuss the technical aspects of the DTR approach, including the strengths, pitfalls, and future strategies to overcome the shortcomings, highlighting a recent paper published in the European Journal of Immunology [El Hachem et al. Eur. J. Immunol. 2018 https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747351]. A particular focus will be given to the application of DTR approach to decipher in vivo functions of the murine myeloid cell compartment.
Multifunctional Photostable Nanocomplex of ZnO Quantum Dots and Avobenzone via the Promotion of Enolate Tautomer
Authors: Asok Adersh , Deshlahra Prashant , Ramachandran Animesh M. , Kulkarni Ajit R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIdeal multifunctional ultraviolet radiation (UVR) absorbents with excellent photostability, high molar absorptivity, broadband UVR screening, and desired skin sensorial properties remain a significant challenge for the sunscreen industry. The potential of the nanocomplex (NCx) formed by microwave synthesis of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) in the presence of Avobenzone (Av) for achieving these goals is reported. The NCx exhibits unique synergy between ZnO QD and Av components, which enhances the photostability and molar absorptivity, extends UVA filtering range, and provides a visible emission that matches the typical human in vivo skin emission color. Density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT calculations of ZnO‐Av hybrid structures and comparison of their spectroscopic features with experiments suggest that ZnO QDs catalyze the formation of highly photostable surface enolate species via aldol condensation reaction. The combination of experiments and computations used in this study can advance the science and technology of photoprotection.
The fronto‐insular cortex causally mediates the default‐mode and central‐executive networks to contribute to individual cognitive performance in healthy elderly
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Shouzi , Yin Shufei , Ren Weicong , He Rongqiao , Li Juan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe triple network model that consists of the default‐mode network (DMN), central‐executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN) has been suggested as a powerful paradigm for investigation of network mechanisms underlying various cognitive functions and brain disorders. A crucial hypothesis in this model is that the fronto‐insular cortex (FIC) in the SN plays centrally in mediating interactions between the networks. Using a machine learning approach based on independent component analysis and Bayesian network (BN), this study characterizes the directed connectivity architecture of the triple network and examines the role of FIC in connectivity of the model. Data‐driven exploration shows that the FIC initiates influential connections to all other regions to globally control the functional dynamics of the triple network. Moreover, stronger BN connectivity between the FIC and regions of the DMN and the CEN, as well as the increased outflow connections from the FIC are found to predict individual performance in memory and executive tasks. In addition, the posterior cingulate cortex in the DMN was also confirmed as an inflow hub that integrates information converging from other areas. Collectively, the results highlight the central role of FIC in mediating the activity of large‐scale networks, which is crucial for individual cognitive function.
Evidence for a general performance‐monitoring system in the human brain
Authors: Zubarev Ivan , Parkkonen Lauri 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAdaptive behavior relies on the ability of the brain to form predictions and monitor action outcomes. In the human brain, the same system is thought to monitor action outcomes regardless of whether the information originates from internal (e.g., proprioceptive) and external (e.g., visual) sensory channels. Neural signatures of processing motor errors and action outcomes communicated by external feedback have been studied extensively; however, the existence of such a general action‐monitoring system has not been tested directly. Here, we use concurrent EEG‐MEG measurements and a probabilistic learning task to demonstrate that event‐related responses measured by electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography display spatiotemporal patterns that allow an effective transfer of a multivariate statistical model discriminating the outcomes across the following conditions: (a) erroneous versus correct motor output, (b) negative versus positive feedback, (c) high‐ versus low‐surprise negative feedback, and (d) erroneous versus correct brain–computer‐interface output. We further show that these patterns originate from highly‐overlapping neural sources in the medial frontal and the medial parietal cortices. We conclude that information about action outcomes arriving from internal or external sensory channels converges to the same neural system in the human brain, that matches this information to the internal predictions.
Organocatalyzed Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Quinolino Annulated Analogues of Azepinones
Authors: Arora Deepika , Dwivedi Jaya , Arora Sakshi , Kumar Sudesh , Kishore Dharma 
Published: July 2018

Starting from dimedone, two methodologies for synthesizing novel quinolino annulated azepinones have been reported. The protocol involves azepinone synthesis by the action of a newly synthesized organocatalyst derived from the reaction of TCT and DMF on oxime derivatives (5 and 9), which were obtained by the reaction of acridine dione derivatives (4 and 8) with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The derivatives 4 and 8 were obtained by the reaction of 1 with anthranilic acid 2 and isatoic anhydride 7, respectively. The synthesis of all the compounds was confirmed initially by TLC followed by spectral analysis through IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The results that emanated on the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of azepinones against two Gram‐positive and two Gram‐negative test organisms using disc diffusion method have also been discussed. Compounds 6c, 6d, 6e, 10c, and 10e have been found to display better inhibitory activity than standard drugs streptomycin and tetracycline. The minimum inhibitory concentration and IC50 values for the compounds under study as well as of standard drugs were calculated. The maximum inhibition by bacterial strains was observed at 150 μg/mL.
Mass spectrometric detection of the Gibbs reaction for phenol analysis
Authors: Mistry Sabyasachy , Wenthold Paul G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper describes a new method for detecting phenols, by reaction with Gibbs reagent to form indophenols, followed by mass spectrometric detection. Unlike the standard Gibbs reaction, which uses a colorometric approach, the use of mass spectrometry allows for simultaneous detection of differently substituted phenols. The procedure is demonstrated to work for a large variety of phenols without para‐substitution. With para‐substituted phenols, Gibbs products are still often observed, but the specific product depends on the substituent. For para groups with high electronegativity, such as methoxy or halogens, the reaction proceeds by displacement of the substituent. For groups with lower electronegativity, such as amino or alkyl groups, Gibbs products are observed that retain the substituent, indicating that the reaction occurs at the ortho or meta position. In mixtures of phenols, the relative intensities of the Gibbs products are proportional to the relative concentrations, and concentrations as low as 1 μmol/L can be detected. The method is applied to the qualitative analysis of commercial liquid smoke, and it is found that hickory and mesquite flavors have significantly different phenolic composition.
A note on decidability of variables in intuitionistic propositional logic
Authors: Ishii Katsumasa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn answer to the following question is presented: given a proof in classical propositional logic, for what small set of propositional variables p does it suffice to add all the formulae to Γ in order to intuitionistically prove A? This answer is an improvement of Ishihara's result for some cases.
Some properties of infinite factorials
Authors: Sonpanow Nattapon , Vejjajiva Pimpen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWith the Axiom of Choice , for any infinite cardinal but, without , we cannot conclude any relationship between and for an arbitrary infinite cardinal . In this paper, we give some properties of in the absence of and compare them to those of for an infinite cardinal . Among our results, we show that “ for any infinite cardinal and any natural number n” is provable in although “ for any infinite cardinal ” is not.
Self‐Healing, Injectable Gelatin Hydrogels Cross‐Linked by Dynamic Schiff Base Linkages Support Cell Adhesion and Sustained Release of Antibacterial Drugs
Authors: Vahedi Mohammad , Barzin Jalal , Shokrolahi Fatemeh , Shokrollahi Parvin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA new class of dynamic hydrogels made through Schiff base bonds based on gelatin (type A and B) and polyethylene glycol dibenzaldehyde (diBA‐PEG, 2000 and 4000 g mol−1) is developed. Hydrogels form in situ by mixing aqueous solutions of gelatin and diBA‐PEG at a carefully adjusted pH. Compression test shows that the samples based on gelatin A are able to withstand at least ten cyclic loading/unloading without crack formation and significant permanent deformation. Self‐healing behavior of the hydrogel is proved by rheological measurements and also visual method. This hydrogel is proven to be injectable and nontoxic. Performance of the hydrogel in loading and delivery of clindamycin hydrochloride, as an antibacterial model drug, is evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus via antibacterial activity test. In vitro release of clindamycin hydrochloride is studied through an innovative method and it becomes clear that the release of clindamycin hydrochloride from this hydrogel follows a zero‐order kinetics.
Striped Bass and Atlantic Menhaden Predator–Prey Dynamics: Model Choice Makes the Difference
Authors: Uphoff James H. , Sharov Alexei 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A version of multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA-X) had been the sole means of evaluating predation mortality by Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, and Weakfish Cynoscion regalis on Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus during 1982–2008. Simplified models may offer a different view of predation, so we developed alternative estimates of predation mortality on Atlantic Menhaden with a simpler biomass dynamic predator–prey (Steele–Henderson or S–H) model. Strongly contrasting predictions of the importance of predation on age-1+ Atlantic Menhaden, particularly Striped Bass predation, emerged between the MSVPA-X and the S–H model. Striped Bass selected mostly age-0 and age-1 Atlantic Menhaden when modeled by MSVPA-X, even though large Striped Bass (&gt;40% of biomass after the mid-1990s) were capable of consuming all ages. Consumption of Atlantic Menhaden by Striped Bass in the S–H model was drawn from aggregated age-1+ biomass. Combined predation mortality from Striped Bass, Bluefish, and Weakfish was well below fishing mortality for all but the earliest years in the MSVPA-X but was greater than or equivalent to fishing mortality throughout most of the S–H model time series. Striped Bass were a relatively minor source of Atlantic Menhaden predation mortality with the MSVPA-X but were the major source since the late 1990s in the S–H model. Annual estimates of Atlantic Menhaden biomass consumed per unit of Striped Bass biomass from the S–H model were roughly five times higher than MSVPA-X estimates and more consistent with estimates from bioenergetics models and trends of Striped Bass well-being indicators (tag-based natural mortality rates and weight at age). Use of an alternative S–H model provided a more complete picture of the potential range of predation pressure.
A likely pathogenic variant putatively affecting splicing of PIGA identified in a multiple congenital anomalies hypotonia‐seizures syndrome 2 (MCAHS2) family pedigree via whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Yang Junli , Wang Qiong , Zhuo Qingcui , Tian Huiling , Li Wen , Luo Fang , Zhang Jinghui , Bi Dan , Peng Jing , Zhou Dong , Xin Huawei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring is a special type of protein posttranslational modification, by which proteins with diverse function are attached to cell membrane through a covalent linkage between the protein and the glycolipid. Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A (PIGA) is a key enzyme in GPI anchor biosynthesis, somatic mutations or genetic variants of which have been associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), or PIGA deficiency, respectively. More than 10 PIGA pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants have been reported in a wide spectrum of clinical syndromes of PIGA deficiency, including multiple congenital anomalies hypotonia‐seizures syndrome 2 (MCAHS2).MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed on two trios, that is., the proband's family and his affected maternal cousin's family, from a nonconsanguineous Chinese family pedigree with hypotonia‐encephalopathy‐seizures disease history and putative X‐linked recessive inheritance. Sanger sequencing for PIGA variant was performed on affected members as well as unaffected members in the family pedigree to verify its familial segregation.ResultsA novel likely pathogenic variant in PIGA was identified through comparative WES analysis of the two affected families. The single‐nucleotide substitution (NC_000023.9:g.15343279T>C) is located in intron 3 of the PIGA gene and within the splice acceptor consensus sequence (NM_002641.3:c.849‐5A>G). Even though we have not performed RNA studies, in silico tools predict that this intronic variant may alter normal splicing, causing a four base pair insertion which creates a frameshift and a premature stop codon at position 297 (NP_002632.1:p.(Arg283Serfs*15)). Sanger sequencing analysis of the extended family members confirmed the presence of the variant and its X‐linked inheritance.ConclusionWES data analysis along with familial segregation of a rare intronic variant are suggestive of a diagnosis of X‐liked PIGA deficiency with clinical features of MCAHS2.
Classification of breast lesions in ultrasonography using sparse logistic regression and morphology‐based texture features
Authors: Nemat Hoda , Fehri Hamid , Ahmadinejad Nasrin , Frangi Alejandro F. , Gooya Ali 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThis work proposes a new reliable computer‐aided diagnostic (CAD) system for the diagnosis of breast cancer from breast ultrasound (BUS) images. The system can be useful to reduce the number of biopsies and pathological tests, which are invasive, costly, and often unnecessary.MethodsThe proposed CAD system classifies breast tumors into benign and malignant classes using morphological and textural features extracted from breast ultrasound (BUS) images. The images are first preprocessed to enhance the edges and filter the speckles. The tumor is then segmented semiautomatically using the watershed method. Having the tumor contour, a set of 855 features including 21 shape‐based, 810 contour‐based, and 24 textural features are extracted from each tumor. Then, a Bayesian Automatic Relevance Detection (ARD) mechanism is used for computing the discrimination power of different features and dimensionality reduction. Finally, a logistic regression classifier computed the posterior probabilities of malignant vs benign tumors using the reduced set of features.ResultsA dataset of 104 BUS images of breast tumors, including 72 benign and 32 malignant tumors, was used for evaluation using an eightfold cross‐validation. The algorithm outperformed six state‐of‐the‐art methods for BUS image classification with large margins by achieving 97.12% accuracy, 93.75% sensitivity, and 98.61% specificity rates.ConclusionsUsing ARD, the proposed CAD system selects five new features for breast tumor classification and outperforms state‐of‐the‐art, making a reliable and complementary tool to help clinicians diagnose breast cancer.
Single‐fiber F waves compared with conventional surface F waves, and their utility in detecting early diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Kamel Jordan , Knight‐Sadler ROry , Cook Mark , Roberts Leslie 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The single‐fiber F‐wave (SFF‐wave) technique assesses the entire length of single motor fibers using a concentric needle. Herein we investigated the utility of this approach in the detection of early diabetes‐related neuropathy, and compared it with the use of conventional surface F waves (CF waves). Methods: Sixteen patients with diabetes and either no neuropathy or mild neuropathy were assessed and compared with 16 age‐ and height‐matched control participants. Results: Both CF and SFF waves were abnormal in all 5 patients who had mild neuropathy. However, SFF waves demonstrated subclinical abnormalities in 7 of 11 patients (64%) with no neuropathy, whereas only 2 of these patients (18%) had prolonged CF waves. Minimum F‐wave latency was comparable between techniques, but maximum SFF‐wave latency was more frequently prolonged, as these delayed motor units were better isolated, rather than buried among summated CF‐wave responses. Discussion: SFF waves highlight the segmental involvement in diabetic neuropathy, and use of the SFF‐wave technique detects more abnormalities than with CF waves. Muscle Nerve 58: 665–670, 2018