bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACE of space: estimating genetic components of high-dimensional imaging data
Authors: Risk Benjamin B , Zhu Hongtu 
Published: May 2019

SUMMARY
It is of great interest to quantify the contributions of genetic variation to brain structure and function, which are usually measured by high-dimensional imaging data (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging). In addition to the variance, the covariance patterns in the genetic effects of a functional phenotype are of biological importance, and covariance patterns have been linked to psychiatric disorders. The aim of this article is to develop a scalable method to estimate heritability and the nonstationary covariance components in high-dimensional imaging data from twin studies. Our motivating example is from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Several major big-data challenges arise from estimating the genetic and environmental covariance functions of functional phenotypes extracted from imaging data, such as cortical thickness with 60 000 vertices. Notably, truncating to positive eigenvalues and their eigenfunctions from unconstrained estimators can result in large bias. This motivated our development of a novel estimator ensuring positive semidefiniteness. Simulation studies demonstrate large improvements over existing approaches, both with respect to heritability estimates and covariance estimation. We applied the proposed method to cortical thickness data from the HCP. Our analysis suggests fine-scale differences in covariance patterns, identifying locations in which genetic control is correlated with large areas of the brain and locations where it is highly localized.
Normal left atrial strain and strain rate using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking in healthy volunteers
Authors: Truong Vien T , Palmer Cassady , Wolking Sarah , Sheets Brandy , Young Michael , Ngo Tam N M , Taylor Michael , Nagueh Sherif F , Zareba Karolina M , Raman Subha , Mazur Wojciech 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Aims
The aim of our study was to establish normal ranges for left atrial (LA) strain and strain rate using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT), LA sphericity index, and to compare LA strain using CMR-FT with 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in a healthy population.

Methods and results
A total of 112 volunteers (45 male, 67 female) had adequate tracking for analysis on CMR-FT (Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Calgary, Canada). The median age was 42 years (range 19–79 years, interquartile range 30–53 years). LA reservoir, conduit, booster strain, strain rate using CMR-FT, and sphericity index were evaluated. Of the 112 volunteers, 91 patients had adequate tracking on 2D-STE using three commonly applied zero-baseline time reference methods: R-R gating, P-P gating, and volume gating (defining end-systole at the LA maximum and end-diastole at the LA minimum). The LA strain, strain rate using CMR-FT, and sphericity index were reported and comparable between both genders (P > 0.05 for all). The LA booster function including strain and strain rate increased significantly with age (P < 0.001 for all), while the LA conduit function gradually decreased. In comparison with STE, the LA reservoir strain was comparable between CMR and volume-gating methods (38.48 ± 9.31 vs. 36.77 ± 6.46; P = 0.13) but not with R-R and P-P gating methods (P < 0.001 for all). LA strain, strain rate, and sphericity index using CMR-FT had good intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.

Conclusion
LA strain, strain rate using CMR-FT, and sphericity index can be quickly assessed with good intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.
Defining high bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary
intervention: a consensus document from the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding
Risk
Authors: Urban Philip , Mehran Roxana , Colleran Roisin , Angiolillo Dominick J , Byrne Robert A , Capodanno Davide , Cuisset Thomas , Cutlip Donald , Eerdmans Pedro , Eikelboom John , Farb Andrew , Gibson C Michael , Gregson John , Haude Michael , James Stefan K , Kim Hyo-Soo , Kimura Takeshi , Konishi Akihide , Laschinger John , Leon Martin B , Magee P F Adrian , Mitsutake Yoshiaki , Mylotte Darren , Pocock Stuart , Price Matthew J , Rao Sunil V , Spitzer Ernest , Stockbridge Norman , Valgimigli Marco , Varenne Olivier , Windhoevel Ute , Yeh Robert W , Krucoff Mitchell W , Morice Marie-Claude 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Identification and management of patients at high bleeding risk undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention are of major importance, but a lack of standardization in defining this population limits trial design, data interpretation, and clinical decision-making. The Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) is a collaboration among leading research organizations, regulatory authorities, and physician-scientists from the United States, Asia, and Europe focusing on percutaneous coronary intervention–related bleeding. Two meetings of the 31-member consortium were held in Washington, DC, in April 2018 and in Paris, France, in October 2018. These meetings were organized by the Cardiovascular European Research Center on behalf of the ARC-HBR group and included representatives of the US Food and Drug Administration and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, as well as observers from the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. A consensus definition of patients at high bleeding risk was developed that was based on review of the available evidence. The definition is intended to provide consistency in defining this population for clinical trials and to complement clinical decision-making and regulatory review. The proposed ARC-HBR consensus document represents the first pragmatic approach to a consistent definition of high bleeding risk in clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of devices and drug regimens for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
A Preference-Based Model of Care: An Integrative Theoretical Model of the Role of Preferences in Person-Centered Care
Authors: Van Haitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine M , Arbogast Annabelle , Bangerter Lauren R , Heid Allison R , Behrens Liza L , Madrigal Caroline 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Knowledge of individuals’ everyday preferences is a cornerstone of person-centered care (PCC). Initial evidence demonstrates the positive impact of honoring preferences in care for older adults receiving long-term services and supports (LTSS). Yet, the mechanisms through which preference-based care affects individual well-being remain poorly understood. This article proposes a theoretical model of PCC entitled the Preference-Based Model of Care that integrates the Theory of Human Motivation, Self-determination Theory, the Competence-Press Model of person and environment fit, the Living Systems Framework, and the Broaden-and-Build theory of positive emotions to deepen our understanding of the processes through which preference-based care affects well-being among older adults receiving LTSS. The Preference-Based Model of Care illustrates how goal-directed behaviors facilitate need fulfillment through the expression of individual preferences and how these behaviors mediate the relationship between person–environment fit and affect balance within a particular social, cultural, and political context. The Preference-Based Model of Care can advance research on PCC in LTSS and can inform LTSS clinical practice guidelines for older adults, regardless of functional or cognitive capacity.
The Multiple Faces of Aging Into Wisdom in Julian Barnes’s The Lemon Table
Authors: Oró-Piqueras Maricel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn The Lemon Table, published in 2004, Barnes introduces 11 short stories with old characters as their main protagonists, a few of them actually close to death. It is precisely their age together with their physical frailty, in most cases, that makes the protagonists reflect on wisdom; that is, what life has taught them and to what extent they can actually contribute to pass on to their knowledge to future generations. Neither Barnes nor the characters within his short stories believe in a straightforward connection between old age and serenity, with wisdom as its ultimate result. On the contrary, each of the protagonists allows the reader to glimpse into his or her own experience of aging and the ways in which they create meaning for their lives at the same time as they try to come to terms with the increasing vulnerability and dependence of their bodies.
Towards healthy settings for people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Vlot-van Anrooij Kristel , Naaldenberg J , Hilgenkamp T I M , Vaandrager L , van der Velden K , Leusink G L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) depend on their environment for support to live healthily. The characteristics of healthy settings for people with ID are unknown. This study aims to conceptualize healthy settings for people with ID by conducting an international and multidisciplinary concept mapping study. As theoretical framework the settings approach, an ecological model with a whole system focus toward health promotion, was used. The integrative mixed-methods approach of this study involved concept mapping with researchers specialized in healthcare for people with ID and researchers specialized in healthy settings. The 41 participants generated statements that were later sorted and rated. Findings encompass 13 clusters relating to the social environment, the physical environment and societal preconditions. Specific factors of healthy settings for people with ID include: (i) universal design of the physical environment, (ii) the role of care professionals in the social environment to empower people with ID, (iii) possibilities for care providers to contribute to a health-promoting setting and (iv) preconditions that allow people to engage in society. These factors can be used in strategies to apply the approach in practice and give directions to put in place policies on developing enabling environments and decreasing health inequities.
Phenotypic and biochemical analysis of an international cohort of individuals with variants in NAA10 and NAA15
Authors: Cheng Hanyin , Gottlieb Leah , Marchi Elaine , Kleyner Robert , Bhardwaj Puja , Rope Alan F , Rosenheck Sarah , Moutton Sébastien , Philippe Christophe , Eyaid Wafaa , Alkuraya Fowzan S , Toribio Janet , Mena Rafael , Prada Carlos E , Stessman Holly , Bernier Raphael , Wermuth Marieke , Kauffmann Birgit , Blaumeiser Bettina , Kooy R Frank , Baralle Diana , Mancini Grazia M S , Conway Simon J , Xia Fan , Chen Zhao , Meng Linyan , Mihajlovic Ljubisa , Marmorstein Ronen , Lyon Gholson J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
N-alpha-acetylation is one of the most common co-translational protein modifications in humans and is essential for normal cell function. NAA10 encodes for the enzyme NAA10, which is the catalytic subunit in the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex. The auxiliary and regulatory subunits of the NatA complex are NAA15 and Huntington-interacting protein (HYPK), respectively. Through a genotype-first approach with exome sequencing, we identified and phenotypically characterized 30 individuals from 30 unrelated families with 17 different de novo or inherited, dominantly acting missense variants in NAA10 or NAA15. Clinical features of affected individuals include variable levels of intellectual disability, delayed speech and motor milestones and autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, some subjects present with mild craniofacial dysmorphology, congenital cardiac anomalies and seizures. One of the individuals is an 11-year-old boy with a frameshift variant in exon 7 of NAA10, who presents most notably with microphthalmia, which confirms a prior finding with a single family with Lenz microphthalmia syndrome. Biochemical analyses of variants as part of the human NatA complex, as well as enzymatic analyses with and without the HYPK regulatory subunit, help to explain some of the phenotypic differences seen among the different variants.
Characterization of Stool Virome in Children Newly Diagnosed With Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Tokarz Rafal , Hyams Jeffrey S , Mack David R , Boyle Brendan , Griffiths Anne M , LeLeiko Neal S , Sauer Cary G , Shah Sapana , Markowitz James , Baker Susan S , Rosh Joel , Baldassano Robert N , Kugathasan Subra , Walters Thomas , Tagliafierro Teresa , Sameroff Stephen , Lee Bohyun , Che Xiaoyu , Oleynik Alexandra , Denson Lee A , Lipkin W Ian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Viral infections have been suggested as possible triggers for the onset of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods
We employed VirCapSeq-Vert, a high-throughput sequencing virus capture platform, to examine the stool virome of children with newly diagnosed moderate to severe UC. We surveyed fecal samples collected at presentation, after symptom remission, and from a control group diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome.

Results
Seventy subjects with UC (mean age 13 years, 45 had moderate symptoms, 25 had severe, 69 of 70 had a Mayo endoscopy subscore 2/3) were studied. We detected a wide range of animal viruses that were taxonomically classified into 12 viral families. A virus was present in 50% of fecal samples collected at presentation, 41% of samples collected after remission, and 40% of samples in our control group. The most frequently identified viruses were diet-based gyroviruses. The UC cohort had a significantly higher prevalence of anelloviruses compared with the control cohort. However, we did not identify a single virus that can be implicated in the onset of UC and did not find an association between UC disease severity and viral presence.

Conclusion
Presence of virus in stool was not associated with the onset of pediatric UC.
Contrasting Responses of Lizards to Divergent Ecological Stressors Across Biological Levels of Organization
Authors: Telemeco Rory S , Simpson Dasia Y , Tylan Catherine , Langkilde Tracy , Schwartz Tonia S 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIt is frequently hypothesized that animals employ a generalized “stress response,” largely mediated by glucocorticoid (GC) hormones, such as corticosterone, to combat challenging environmental conditions. Under this hypothesis, diverse stressors are predicted to have concordant effects across biological levels of an organism. We tested the generalized stress response hypothesis in two complementary experiments with juvenile and adult male Eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus). In both experiments, animals were exposed to diverse, ecologically-relevant, acute stressors (high temperature or red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta) and we examined their responses at three biological levels: behavioral; physiological (endocrine [plasma corticosterone and blood glucose concentrations] and innate immunity [complement and natural antibodies]); and cellular responses (gene expression of a panel of five heat-shock proteins in blood and liver) at 30 or 90 min post stress initiation. In both experiments, we observed large differences in the cellular response to the two stressors, which contrasts the similar behavioral and endocrine responses. In the adult experiment for which we had innate immune data, the stressors affected immune function independently, and they were correlated with CORT in opposing directions. Taken together, these results challenge the concept of a generalized stress response. Rather, the stress response was context specific, especially at the cellular level. Such context-specificity might explain why attempts to link GC hormones with life history and fitness have proved difficult. Our results emphasize the need for indicators at multiple biological levels and whole-organism examinations of stress.
Reference levels of ecosystem indicators at multispecies maximum sustainable yield
Authors: Briton Florence , Shannon Lynne , Barrier Nicolas , Verley Philippe , Shin Yunne-Jai 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We investigate reference points for ecosystem indicators in support of an Ecosystem Approach to Fishery. In particular, we assess indicator capacity to detect when the Multispecies Maximum Sustainable Yield (MMSY) is reached, under a wide range of multispecies fishing strategies. The analysis was carried out using a simulation approach based on the ecosystem model OSMOSE in the southern Benguela. We show that the 13 ecosystem indicators have reference points at MMSY that are highly variable across fishing strategies. The state of the ecosystem at MMSY is so variable across fishing strategies that it is not possible to set reference points without considering the fishing strategy. However, strategy-specific reference points were found to constitute robust proxies for MMSY in more than 90% of the simulated fishing strategies. For instance, under the current fishing strategy in the southern Benguela, robust reference points at MMSY could be identified for the following indicators: mean length of fish, mean lifespan, biomass over catch ratio, trophic level of the surveys, mean trophic index, proportion of predatory fish, intrinsic vulnerability index, and mean maximum length.
Automorphism Groups of Compact Complex Surfaces
Authors: Prokhorov Yuri , Shramov Constantin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We study automorphism groups and birational automorphism groups of compact complex surfaces. We show that the automorphism group of such a surface $X$ is always Jordan, and the birational automorphism group is Jordan unless $X$ is birational to a product of an elliptic and a rational curve.
Removing One Barrier to Protecting Sex Partners in HIV Remission Studies With a Treatment Interruption
Authors: Eyal Nir 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Only a few of the recommendations made in this supplement are implemented in ongoing HIV remission studies that involve an analytical treatment interruption. The absence of these recommendations in protocols puts sexual partners of study participants at serious risk. This paper addresses one possible barrier to implementation: a certain misunderstanding among sponsors and research entities.
Potentiation of Phase Variation in Multiple Outer-Membrane Proteins During Spread of the Hyperinvasive Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W ST-11 Lineage
Authors: Green Luke R , Dave Neelam , Adewoye Adeolu B , Lucidarme Jay , Clark Stephen A , Oldfield Neil J , Turner David P J , Borrow Ray , Bayliss Christopher D 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSince 2009, increases in the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease have occurred in the United Kingdom due to a sublineage of the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W ST-11 clonal complex (hereafter, the “original UK strain”). In 2013, a descendent substrain (hereafter, the “2013 strain”) became the dominant disease-causing variant. Multiple outer-membrane proteins of meningococci are subject to phase-variable switches in expression due to hypermutable simple-sequence repeats. We investigated whether alterations in phase-variable genes may have influenced the relative prevalence of the original UK and 2013 substrains, using multiple disease and carriage isolates.MethodsRepeat numbers were determined by either bioinformatics analysis of whole-genome sequencing data or polymerase chain reaction amplification and sizing of fragments from genomic DNA extracts. Immunoblotting and sequence-translation analysis was performed to identify expression states.ResultsSignificant increases in repeat numbers were detected between the original UK and 2013 strains in genes encoding PorA, NadA, and 2 Opa variants. Invasive and carriage isolates exhibited similar repeat numbers, but the absence of pilC gene expression was frequently associated with disease.ConclusionsElevated repeat numbers in outer-membrane protein genes of the 2013 strain are indicative of higher phase-variation rates, suggesting that rapid expansion of this strain was due to a heightened ability to evade host immune responses during transmission and asymptomatic carriage.
Six habits of highly successful health information technology: powerful strategies for design and implementation
Authors: Ray Jessica M , Ratwani Raj M , Sinsky Christine A , Frankel Richard M , Friedberg Mark W , Powsner Seth M , Rosenthal David I , Wachter Robert M , Melnick Edward R 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Healthcare information technologies are now a routine component of patient–clinician interactions. Originally designed for operational functions including billing and regulatory compliance, these systems have had unintended consequences including increased exam room documentation, divided attention during the visit, and use of scribes to alleviate documentation burdens. In an age in which technology is ubiquitous in everyday life, we must re-envision healthcare technology to support both clinical operations and, above all, the patient–clinician relationship. We present 6 habits for designing user-centered health technologies: (1) put patient care first, (2) assemble a team with the right skills, (3) relentlessly ask WHY, (4) keep it simple, (5) be Darwinian, and (6) don’t lose the forest for the trees. These habits should open dialogues between developers, implementers, end users, and stakeholders, as well as outline a path for better, more usable technology that puts patients and their clinicians back at the center of care.
Developing a Simple Burn Model in Rats of Different Ages
Authors: Zheng Bo , Shen Chuanan , Sun Jiachen , Guo Wenjing , Jin Yiduo , Niu Yuezeng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article describes a simple and safe model of partial and full thickness burn injury in rats of different ages, which will be essential in our future burn research to explore the age-related mechanism of wound repair and new therapies for burn injuries. A self-made metal column, which was heated in a boiling water bath, was applied for different time periods to the lower back of rats of different ages in burn creation. Wounds were observed visibly at different time points postburn. Biopsies were obtained and examined at 72-hour postburn to determine the depth of burns. The contact durations producing the desired depth of injury in the rat model under constant temperature and pressure were: 3 seconds (deep second degree) and 5 seconds (third degree) in 1-month-old rats; 3 seconds (superficial second degree), 5 seconds (deep second degree), and 7–9 seconds (third degree) in 2-month-old rats; 3–5 seconds (superficial second degree), 7–9 seconds (deep second degree), and 11–13 seconds (third degree) in 12- and 18-month-old rats. This reliable and reproducible experimental model produces consistent burn injuries in rats of different ages by regulating the contact durations, which will help us to understand the underlying pathophysiology of burn injuries and develop novel therapeutic modalities for burn patients of different ages.