bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Taxonomic Study of Asteroid Families from KMTNET-SAAO Multiband Photometry
Authors: Erasmus N. , McNeill A. , Mommert M. , Trilling D. E. , Sickafoose A. A. , Paterson K. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present here multiband photometry for over 2000 Main-Belt asteroids. For each target, we report the probabilistic taxonomy using the measured V – R and V – I colors in combination with a machine-learning-generated decision surface in color–color space. Through this method, we classify >85% of our targets as one the four main Bus–DeMeo complexes: S-, C-, X-, or D-type. Roughly one-third of our targets have a known associated dynamic family, with 69 families represented in our data. Within uncertainties, our results show no discernible difference in taxonomic distribution between family members and non-family members. Nine of the sixty-nine families represented in our observed sample had 20 or more members present, and therefore, we investigate the taxonomy of these families in more detail and find excellent agreement with the literature. Out of these nine well-sampled families, our data show that the Themis, Koronis, Hygiea, Massalia, and Eunomia families display a high degree of taxonomic homogeneity and that the Vesta, Flora, Nysa–Polana, and Eos families show a significant level of mixture in taxonomies. Using the taxonomic purity and the degree of dispersion in observed colors for each of the nine well-sampled collisional families, we also speculate which of these families potentially originated from a differentiated parent body and/or is a family with a possible undetermined nested family. In addition, we obtained sufficient photometric data for 433 of our targets to extract reliable rotation periods and observe no obvious correlation between rotation properties and family membership.
Les démocraties libérales sont-elles mal-gouvernables ?
Authors: Braud Philippe 
Published: May 2019

La démocratie est-elle le meilleur système de gouvernement concevable ? Cette opinion, largement répandue dans la seconde moitié du xx e siècle, semble aujourd’hui battue en brèche. Les régimes autoritaires ne seraient-ils pas plus efficaces dans la poursuite de leurs objectifs à long terme ? Le climat d’hypercritique en régime libéral ne paralyse-t-il pas les ambitions politiques ? Malgré sa vulnérabilité apparente et en dépit de défauts indiscutables, la démocratie jouit néanmoins d’une plasticité qui lui confère une capacité supérieure d’adaptation aux tendances lourdes des sociétés modernes.
La Chine de Xi Jinping : en marche vers un fascisme à la chinoise ?
Authors: Béja Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2019

La nature du régime chinois n’a pas changé depuis 1949, mais la nécessité de renouveler la légitimité du Parti communiste au lendemain de la mort de Mao Zedong a conduit Deng Xiaoping à relâcher la pression de l’appareil sur la société et l’économie. Après le massacre de Tian’anmen, en 1989, Deng a ouvert le pays au marché mondial tout en maintenant la dictature. Le développement économique rapide et l’exploitation des zones grises par les animateurs d’ ong ont conduit à un relâchement des contrôles. En arrivant au pouvoir, Xi Jinping a réprimé la société civile émergente et renforcé la direction du Parti dans tous les domaines, éliminant les espaces d’autonomie et instaurant le culte de la personnalité. Hégémonie du Parti sur la société et le gouvernement, culte du chef, nationalisme, la Chine n’est nullement comparable aux « démocratures ». Dictature assumée, son système rappelle de plus en plus le fascisme.
Exister malgré les résistances institutionnelles : observer le mixed martial arts dans sa dimension associative
Authors: Delfavero Thibault , Nuytens Williams , Penin Nicolas 
Published: May 2019

Le basculement du free fight au mixed martial arts (MMA) se traduit par la mise en place d’un cadrage réglementaire amorçant, dans les années 2000, son institutionnalisation. En France, il n’existe pas de fédération dédiée organisant la pratique alors que se développe une pratique amateur sans que celle-ci ne soit jamais finement étudiée. Comment se structurent et s’organisent les pratiques dans ces clubs ? Qui sont les pratiquants et qu’y font-ils exactement ? Pour apporter des éléments de réponse, cet article s’appuie sur une enquête empruntant à la démarche ethnographique menée auprès de deux clubs affiliés à l’étranger au MMA. Cette contribution ne doit pas seulement à la spécificité de son terrain. Elle tient surtout à la mise en perspective des données ethnographiques évaluées à l’aune d’une discussion de la sportivisation, dé-sportivisation. Entre conformisme au modèle sportif classique et revendication d’exceptionnalité, entre un sport bâti sur la mise en scène de l’affrontement « violent » dans lequel le combat occupe une place réduite à la portion congrue, entre une discipline dont les origines prônaient l’absence de règles devenue sur nos terrains une pratique rigoureusement contrôlée, le MMA ici observé semble relever d’une pratique physique dite « sportivisée ».
Metformin Augments Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Osteoarthritis
Authors: Park Min-Jung , Moon Su-Jin , Baek Jin-Ah , Lee Eun-Jung , Jung Kyung-Ah , Kim Eun-Kyung , Kim Da-Som , Lee Jung-Ho , Kwok Seung-Ki , Min Jun-Ki , Kim Seok Jung , Park Sung-Hwan , Cho Mi-La 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can protect against cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis (OA) via their immunomodulatory capacities. However, the optimization strategy for using MSCs remains challenging. This study’s objective was to identify the in vivo effects of metformin-stimulated adipose tissue-derived human MSCs (Ad-hMSCs) in OA. An animal model of OA was established by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate into rats. OA rats were divided into a control group and two therapy groups (treated with Ad-hMSCs or metformin-stimulated Ad-hMSCs). Limb nociception was assessed by measuring the paw withdrawal latency and threshold. Our data show that metformin increased IL-10 and IDO expression in Ad-hMSCs and decreased high-mobility group box 1 protein, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression. Metformin increased the migration capacity of Ad-hMSCs with upregulation of chemokine expression. In cocultures, metformin-stimulated Ad-hMSCs inhibited the mRNA expression of RUNX2, COL X, VEGF, MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13 in IL-1β–stimulated OA chondrocytes and increased the expression of TIMP1 and TIMP3. The antinociceptive activity and chondroprotective effects were greater in OA rats treated with metformin-stimulated Ad-hMSCs than in those treated with unstimulated Ad-hMSCs. TGF-β expression in subchondral bone of OA joints was attenuated more in OA rats treated with metformin-stimulated Ad-hMSCs. Our findings suggest that metformin offers a promising option for the clinical application of Ad-hMSCs as a cell therapy for OA.
A Deficit of CEACAM-1–Expressing T Lymphocytes Supports Inflammation in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Piancone Federica , Saresella Marina , Marventano Ivana , La Rosa Francesca , Caputo Domenico , Mendozzi Laura , Rovaris Marco , Clerici Mario 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The immune regulatory mechanisms that modulate Th1 and Th17 immune responses are altered in multiple sclerosis (MS). The inhibitory TIM-3/Gal-9 pathway, in particular, is impaired in primary progressive MS (PPMS). Recent results showed that carcinoembryonic Ag-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM-1), a molecule expressed on activated T lymphocytes, endows TIM-3 with inhibitory function and facilitates the maturation and cell surface expression of TIM-3. We analyzed by flow cytometry CEACAM-1 expression on myelin basic protein (MBP)–stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of 56 MS patients with a diagnosis of either PPMS (n = 16), relapsing-remitting MS (n = 20), or benign MS (n = 20) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The expression of TIM-3 and annexin V (AV) as well as the production of IFN-γ and the intracellular concentration of HLA-B–associated transcript 3 (Bat3), a molecular adaptor that binds the intracellular tail of TIM-3 promoting both proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine production, were analyzed as well in the same cells. Results showed the following in PPMS: 1) CD4+/CEACAM-1+, CD4+/TIM-3+, CD8+/TIM-3+, CD4+/CEACAM-1+/TIM-3+, and CD8+/CEACAM-1+/TIM-3+ T lymphocytes as well as CEACAM-1 mean fluorescence intensity on CD4+ T lymphocytes were significantly reduced; 2) apoptotic CD4+/AV+/CEACAM-1+ and CD8+/AV+/CEACAM-1+ T lymphocytes were significantly reduced; and 3) Bat3–expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly increased. Notably, a specular immunologic scenario was seen in benign MS. CEACAM-1 expression is reduced in PPMS; this exacerbates MBP-specific inflammatory T cell response and reduces the apoptosis of MBP-specific T lymphocytes, possibly as a consequence of the upregulation of Bat3 seen in these patients.
Low (not High) Trait Anger is a Personal Strength in Adolescents
Authors: Alcázar-Olán Raúl José , González-Fragoso Claudia , Jiménez-Rodríguez David , Rojas-Solis José Luis 
Published: May 2019

Low trait anger, the tendency to stay calm in order to cope with frustrating everyday situations, is associated with mental health and positive outcomes. Its counterpart is high trait anger, defined as intense and chronic irritability, which usually has detrimental effects on the individuals and their relationships. The purpose of this study was to test three hypotheses in adolescents with high (n = 94) and low trait anger (n = 140), with a mean age of 13.06 (SD = 0.77). Hypotheses 1 and 2 addressed the parents’ behavior (parenting practices), and hypothesis 3 assessed social skills, anger and aggression. In particular, compared to adolescents with high trait anger, those with low trait anger: 1) experience less imposition and psychological control (i.e., less negative parenting) from both, mother and father; 2) experience more communication, autonomy, and behavioral control (i.e., more positive parenting) from mother and father; and 3) present more social skills, reflected in lower levels of anger-out, lower aggression toward other individuals, and higher levels of anger self-control. The findings, as a result, supported the three hypotheses. Aggression and social skills did not differ according to gender. However, female participants experienced higher levels of trait anger than did male participants.
Felicidad subjetiva después de vivir un evento traumático en personas con y sin animales de compañía
Authors: González Ramírez Mónica Teresa , Quezada-Berumen Lucía del Carmen , Landero-Hernández René 
Published: May 2019

ResumenLa interacción con los animales de compañía ha resultado efectiva en la reducción de síntomas estrés postraumático, e depresión y ansiedad, consecuentes a la vivencia de un evento traumático; aunque las investigaciones sobre aspectos positivos diferenciales entre personas con y sin animales de compañía han mostrado resultados heterogéneos. Es así que el objetivo del estudio fue comparar los niveles de felicidad subjetiva entre personas con y sin animales de compañía, quienes habían enfrentado un suceso traumático en algún momento de los últimos tres años. Participaron 98 personas residentes en México, 49 tenían perro o gato cuando sucedió el evento y 49 no tenían. Su edad promedio fue 31.4 años (D.E. = 9.3), 65.3 % mujeres y 34.7 % hombres. El principal resultado indica que quienes tenían animales de compañía al momento del evento se consideran actualmente más felices que quienes no tenían. Asimismo, se encontró una correlación positiva y significativa entre felicidad y la percepción de la gente sobre la relación con el animal de compañía. Se concluye que los animales de compañía pueden ayudar a la gente a lograr un crecimiento personal posterior a un evento traumático o estresante.AbstractThe interaction with companion animals has been effective in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from the experience of a traumatic event; although research about differences in positive aspects between pet owners and non-pet owners have shown heterogeneous results. Thus, the objective of the study was to compare subjective happiness perceived between pet owners and non-owners, who had lived a traumatic event at some point in the last three years. Ninety-eight people residing in Mexico, recruited through a non-probabilistic sampling, participated. Half of them had dogs or cats when the event happened and 49 did not have it. Age mean was 31.4 years (SD = 9.3), 65.3 % women and 34.7 % men. The main result indicates that those who had companion animals at the time of the event are currently considered themselves happier than those who did not. Likewise, a positive and significant correlation was found between happiness and people's perception of the relationship with the companion animal. It is concluded that companion animals could help people achieve personal growth after a traumatic or stressful event.
Unilateral hamstring foam rolling does not impair strength but the rate of force development of the contralateral muscle
Authors: Ye Xin , Killen Benjamin S. , Zelizney Krista L. , Miller William M. , Jeon Sunggun 
Published: May 2019

Background
Self-administered foam rolling (SAFR) is an effective massage technique often used in sport and rehabilitation settings to improve range of motion (ROM) without impairing the strength performance. However, the effects of unilateral SAFR on contralateral non-intervened muscle’s rate of force development (RFD) are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the acute effects of unilateral hamstrings SAFR on the contralateral limb flexibility, the isometric strength, and the RFD parameters.

Methods
Thirty-four subjects (21 women) completed two separate randomly sequenced experimental visits, during which the control (rested for 10 min) or ten, 30-second SAFR were performed with the dominant hamstring muscle group. Before (Pre) and after (Post) the interventions, the contralateral hip flexion passive ROM, the maximal explosive isometric strength of the contralateral knee flexors with the corresponding prime mover muscles’ surface electromyographic (EMG) amplitude were measured. Separate two-way (time ×intervention) repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to examine the potential changes of the dependent variables.

Results
The SAFR significantly improved the contralateral limb ROM (Pre vs. Post: 68.3 ± 21.0 vs. 73.2 ± 23.2 degrees, p < 0.001; d = 0.22). No change was found for the contralateral isometric strength or the maximal EMG amplitude. For the RFD parameters, the percent changes of the RFDs for the first 50, 100, and 200 ms of the maximal explosive isometric contraction were −31.2%, −16.8%, and −10.1%, respectively, following the unilateral SAFR, relative to the control condition. In addition, the decrement of the first 50-ms RFD reached statistical significance (p = 0.007; Cohen’s d = 0.44).

Conclusion
Ten sets of 30-second unilateral hamstring SAFR improved the ROM of the non-intervened contralateral limb, but decreased its ability to generate force, especially during the early phase (e.g., 50 ms) of the maximal explosive contraction.
Non‐blind lineup administration biases administrators' interpretations of ambiguous witness statements and their perceptions of the witness
Authors: Charman Steve D. , Matuku Kureva , Mook Alexis 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAdministering lineups “blind”—whereby the administrator does not know the identity of the suspect—is considered part of best practices for lineups. The current study tests whether non‐blind lineup administrators would evaluate ambiguous eyewitness statements, and the witness himself or herself, in a manner consistent with their beliefs. College students (n = 219) were told the identity of the suspect or not before administering a lineup to a confederate‐witness who made an ambiguous response (e.g., “it could be #3 but I'm not sure”). When ambiguous witness statements matched administrators' beliefs regarding the suspect (compared with when they mismatched administrators' beliefs, or administrators had no belief), administrators (a) were significantly more likely to record the statement as an identification (as opposed to a “not sure” response); (b) were significantly less likely to make statements that might lead the witness away from the suspect; and (c) evaluated the witness's viewing conditions significantly more positively.
Design of Heterostructured Hollow Photocatalysts for Solar‐to‐Chemical Energy Conversion
Authors: Zhang Peng , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDirect conversion of solar energy into chemical energy in a sustainable manner is one of the most promising solutions to the energy crisis and environmental issues. Fabrication of highly active photocatalysts is of great significance for the practical applications of efficient solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion systems. Among various photocatalytic materials, semiconductor‐based heterostructured photocatalysts with hollow features show distinct advantages. Recent research efforts on rational design of heterostructured hollow photocatalysts toward photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 reduction are presented. First, both single‐shelled and multishelled heterostructured photocatalysts are surveyed. Then, heterostructured hollow photocatalysts with tube‐like and frame‐like morphologies are discussed. It is intended that further innovative works on the material design of high‐performance photocatalysts for solar energy utilization can be inspired.
Advances and Prospects of Sulfide All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries via One‐to‐One Comparison with Conventional Liquid Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Hyomyung , Oh Pilgun , Kim Junhyeok , Cha Hyungyeon , Chae Sujong , Lee Sanghan , Cho Jaephil 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOwing to the safety issue of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) under the harsh operating conditions of electric vehicles and mobile devices, all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) that utilize inorganic solid electrolytes are regarded as a secure next‐generation battery system. Significant efforts are devoted to developing each component of ASSLBs, such as the solid electrolyte and the active materials, which have led to considerable improvements in their electrochemical properties. Among the various solid electrolytes such as sulfide, polymer, and oxide, the sulfide solid electrolyte is considered as the most promising candidate for commercialization because of its high lithium ion conductivity and mechanical properties. However, the disparity in energy and power density between the current sulfide ASSLBs and conventional LIBs is still wide, owing to a lack of understanding of the battery electrode system. Representative developments of ASSLBs in terms of the sulfide solid electrolyte, active materials, and electrode engineering are presented with emphasis on the current status of their electrochemical performances, compared to those of LIBs. As a rational method to realizing high energy sulfide ASSLBs, the requirements for the sulfide solid electrolytes and active materials are provided along through simple experimental demonstrations. Potential future research directions in the development of commercially viable sulfide ASSLBs are suggested.
Nanostructured Transparent Conductive Electrodes for Applications in Harsh Environments Fabricated via Nanosecond Laser‐Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) in Indium–Tin Oxide Films on Glass
Authors: Reinhardt Hendrik Martin , Maier Philipp , Kim Hee‐Cheol , Rhinow Daniel , Hampp Norbert 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA self‐organization phenomenon named laser‐induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) is utilized for pattern formation in indium–tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive films coated on borosilicate glass. Stripe patterns with periodicities down to 175 nm are created by scanning the focused beam (30 µm spot diameter 1 e−2) of a nanosecond pulsed laser operating at 532 nm wavelength over ITO films. Highly ordered ITO‐LIPSS are generated at a pulse duration of 6 ns, pulse frequencies between 100 and 200 kHz, pulse energies around 20 µJ, and laser spot scan speeds in the range of 50–80 mm s−1. Resulting nanopatterns are electrically conductive and feature improved optical transparency as well as stability against strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and even aqua regia. The formation of mixed phases between ITO and silicon is considered to be the origin for the chemical robustness of laser patterned transparent conductive electrodes.
Mild Iridium‐Catalysed Isomerization of Epoxides. Computational Insights and Application to the Synthesis of β‐Alkyl Amines
Authors: Cabré Albert , Cabezas‐Giménez Juanjo , Sciortino Giuseppe , Ujaque Gregori , Verdaguer Xavier , Lledós Agustí , Riera Antoni 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe isomerization of epoxides to aldehydes using the readily available Crabtree's reagent is described. The aldehydes were transformed into synthetically useful amines by a one‐pot reductive amination using pyrrolidine as imine‐formation catalyst. The reactions worked with low catalyst loadings in very mild conditions. The procedure is operationally simple and tolerates a wide range of functional groups. A DFT study of its mechanism is presented showing that the isomerization takes place via an iridium hydride mechanism with a low energy barrier, in agreement with the mild reaction conditions.magnified image
Highly Polarized Photoelectrical Response in vdW ZrS3 Nanoribbons
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Wu Kedi , Blei Mark , Wang Yang , Pan Longfei , Zhao Kai , Shan Chongxin , Lei Ming , Cui Yu , Chen Bin , Wright David , Hu Weida , Tongay Sefaattin , Wei Zhongming 
Published: May 2019

Abstract2D anisotropic materials, such as black phosphorus, ReS2, and GaTe, have been shown to exhibit exciting direction‐ and polarization‐sensitive material properties. Highly crystalline chemical‐vapor‐transport‐grown ZrS3 crystals exhibit large optical‐absorption‐coefficient anisotropy, which doubles under resonance conditions. The observed optical anisotropy manifests itself in angle‐resolved photocurrent density polar plots with dichroic ratio (Ipb/Ipa) of 1.73 excited by a laser source of λ = 450 nm and 1.14 by λ = 532 nm. The optical absorption and electronic dichroic response are fully explained through detailed band structure and polarization‐sensitive optical‐absorption‐spectrum calculations. Not only is the family of 2D anisotropic semiconductors expanded into Zr‐based trichalcogenides but fundamental insights on how crystalline anisotropy, optical absorption dichroism, and generated photocurrents are interrelated in van der Waals Zr‐based trichalcogenides materials are also provided.
Asymmetric Cα‐Alkylation of Pipecolic Acid via Curtin‐Hammett Controlled Diastereoselective N‐Alkylation
Authors: Cho Hyunkyung , Jung Jaehyun , Kim Jinju , Park Soojun , Kim Sanghee 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn efficient asymmetric synthetic approach for the synthesis of Cα‐substituted pipecolic acid has been investigated through utilizing an N‐fused bicyclic system. Despite the fluxionality of the pipecolic imidazolidinone, N‐alkylation proceeded in high yield with excellent selectivity. The subsequent [2,3]‐Stevens rearrangement afforded Cα‐substituted pipecolic acid derivatives successfully. The computational study revealed that the diastereoselectivity during N‐alkylation is governed by Curtin‐Hammett kinetics.