bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c‐Ski accelerates renal cancer progression by attenuating transforming growth factor β signaling
Authors: Taguchi Luna , Miyakuni Kosuke , Morishita Yasuyuki , Morikawa Teppei , Fukayama Masashi , Miyazono Kohei , Ehata Shogo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAlthough transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of many cancers, its role in renal cancer has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we examined the role of TGF‐β in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) progression in vitro and in vivo. First, expression levels of TGF‐β signaling pathway components were examined. Microarray and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression of c‐Ski, a transcriptional corepressor of Smad‐dependent TGF‐β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, was higher in ccRCC tissues than in normal renal tissues. Next, a functional analysis of c‐Ski effects was carried out. Bioluminescence imaging of renal orthotopic tumor models demonstrated that overexpression of c‐Ski in human ccRCC cells promoted in vivo tumor formation. Enhancement of tumor formation was also reproduced by the introduction of a dominant‐negative mutant TGF‐β type II receptor into ccRCC cells. In contrast, introduction of the BMP signaling inhibitor Noggin failed to accelerate tumor formation, suggesting that the tumor‐promoting effect of c‐Ski depends on the inhibition of TGF‐β signaling rather than of BMP signaling. Finally, the molecular mechanism of the tumor‐suppressive role of TGF‐β was assessed. Although TGF‐β signaling did not affect tumor angiogenesis, apoptosis of ccRCC cells was induced by TGF‐β. Taken together, these findings suggest that c‐Ski suppresses TGF‐β signaling in ccRCC cells, which, in turn, attenuates the tumor‐suppressive effect of TGF‐β.
Anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: NT‐proBNP and cardiovascular score for risk stratification
Authors: Ferraro Mariana Paola , Gimeno‐Vazquez Eva , Subirana Isaac , Gómez Miquel , Díaz Javier , Sánchez‐González Blanca , García‐Pallarols Francesc , Martínez Laia , Ble Mireia , Molina Lluis , Belarte Laia Carla , Abella Eugenia , Elosua Roberto , Comín‐Colet Josep , Salar Antonio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the role of N‐terminal pro‐brain‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and a cardiovascular (CV) risk score named FRESCO for predicting anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL).MethodsA total of 130 consecutive DLBCL patients treated in first‐line with anthracycline‐containing immunochemotherapy. Competitive risk between NT‐proBNP, FRESCO, and time to AIC was considered.ResultsCumulative incidence of AIC was 12.2% and 17.5% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. Median time to development cardiotoxicity was 6.4 months, with half of the cases showing heart failure and the other half silent AIC. Both NT‐proBNP levels and FRESCO score were independently associated with higher risk of AIC (P = 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively). Patients with NT‐proBNP ≥600 pg/mL or those with FRESCO ≥4.5% had 3.97 or 2.54 times higher risk of AIC than those with lower values (P = 0.001 and P = 0.048, respectively). According to the previous cutoffs, three groups of patients with a significantly different risk of AIC could be identified (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsDoxorubicin‐containing chemotherapy is associated with increased risk of silent and overt AIC. Baseline NT‐proBNP levels and FRESCO CV risk score are accurate predictors of AIC and can identify groups of patients at different risk, in which personalized cardiologic evaluation should be offered.
Characterization of circadian human facial surface lipid composition
Authors: Jia Yan , Zhou Mingyue , Huang Hong , Gan Yao , Yang Manli , Ding Ruiheng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe circadian rhythm is an endogenous clock that governs a wide range of physiological functions. In the skin, rhythmic changes in skin barrier function have been investigated at the physiological level; however, few studies at the molecular level have been reported. Additionally, there is no study on lipidomic profile variations of skin surface lipid (SSL), which could potentially explain the rhythmic changes in skin status.ObjectivesThe SSL profile of healthy young women was analysed to assess SSL variations and to assess the skin status during the circadian cycle.MethodsUltra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and multivariate data analysis were performed to assess SSL variations.ResultsThe lipidomic profile showed significant differences with the circadian rhythm. Multivariate data analysis indicated that glycerolipids were the lipids majorly affected by the circadian rhythm. Additionally, in the SSL profile, both the average chain length and the content of free fatty acids (FFAs) were higher at 20:00 than at 08:00.ConclusionsThe SSL profile significantly varied with respect to the circadian rhythm. The rhythm‐altered triacylglycerol level, FFA chain length and FFA content resulted in rhythmic changes in skin barrier function, including transepidermal water loss alteration and pH variation.
Latitude‐independent, continent‐wide consistency in climate–richness relationships in Asian ferns and lycophytes
Authors: Khine Phyo Kay , Kluge Jürgen , Kessler Michael , Miehe Georg , Karger Dirk N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo assess richness patterns of ferns and lycophytes in relation to climatic factors in Eastern Asia, analysing eight elevational gradients, situated along a latitudinal gradient.LocationEast and Southeast Asia (4° S to 43.3° N).MethodsFerns and lycophytes were recorded in 480 plots of 400 m2along eight elevational gradients. We related macroclimatic factors to local fern species richness using generalized linear models. We tested the predictive power of macroclimatic variables by a leave‐one‐(gradient‐) out cross‐validation (LOOCV) and tested the predictive power of each model using Spearman's rank correlation, and predicted the respective models spatially. Model residuals were related to two available local (plot scale) factors, terrain inclination and terrain heterogeneity using simple linear regression.ResultsLocal fern species richness declined linearly towards higher latitudes, and simultaneously elevational richness peaks shifted towards lowlands with increasing distance from the equator, transitioning from unimodal to linear patterns. Temperature was the macroclimatic factor with the highest predictive power for fern species richness. In combination with other variables, especially cloud cover, macroclimatic factors could explain up to about 60% of species richness distributions.Main conclusionsMacroclimatic factors, such as temperature and cloud cover, are able to predict a substantial proportion of the variation in local fern species richness in East and Southeast Asia. Using predictive models based onLOOCVsubstantially increases the accuracy of species richness predictions as compared to simply searching for correlates along all gradients.
Public health nurses' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration related to adolescents' mental health problems in secondary schools: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Granrud Marie Dahlen , Anderzèn‐Carlsson Agneta , Bisholt Birgitta , Steffenak Anne Kjersti Myhrene 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe the variation in public health nurses' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration related to adolescents' mental health problems in secondary schools in Norway.BackgroundMental health problems among adolescents account for a large portion of the global burden of disease and affect 10%–20% of adolescents worldwide. Public health nurses in school health services play an important role in disease prevention and promotion of physical and mental health. In order to serve adolescents with regard to mental health problems, public health nurses are dependent on collaboration with other professionals in schools.DesignQualitative interviews were conducted with 18 public health nurses working in the school health services.MethodA phenomenographic approach was used for interviewing and for analysing the qualitative interviews. This study is presented in line with COREQ's checklist.ResultThe analysis resulted in three descriptive categories based on eight identified conceptions. The categories are as follows: “The formal structure has an impact on interprofessional collaboration”; “The public health nurse is an important, but not always self‐evident, partner in interprofessional collaboration”; and “The primary players are the teachers in collaboration.”ConclusionThe public health nurses describe that they had limited impact on collaboration and were dependent on both the school principal and the teachers for achieving good collaboration. Teachers have the power to decide whether to collaborate with the public health nurse, and public health nurses regard teachers as the most important collaborative partners. The public health nurses need to make themselves and their competence visible.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings demonstrated that public health nurses are important collaborators, but are not always included in interprofessional collaboration. This knowledge is essential to strengthen public health nurses' roles and presence in schools, which could most certainly benefit adolescents with mental health problems in secondary school.
Folate of pregnant women after a nationwide folic acid supplementation in China
Authors: Zhang Xuejuan , Liu Jufen , Jin Yongsheng , Yang Shuang , Song Zhijiao , Jin Lei , Wang Linlin , Ren Aiguo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFolate insufficiency during the periconceptional period increases the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring, and folic acid supplementation substantially reduces the risk. Widespread large‐scale folic acid supplementation (0.4‐mg folic acid tablet) has been adopted as a main strategy to prevent NTDs in China since 2009. We examined folate concentrations in plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) of pregnant women and the factors associated with blood folate concentrations in a population with a high prevalence of NTDs in northern China. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2014, and 1,107 pregnant women were recruited from 11 county or city maternal and child health centres across Shanxi province. Microbiological assays were used to determine folate concentrations. Factors associated with blood folate insufficiency were identified. The median (25th and 75th percentiles) folate concentrations were 28.4 (17.6, 45.2) nmol L−1 and 1,001.2 (658.7, 1,402.5) nmol L−1 in plasma and RBCs, respectively. According to the proposed RBC (906 nmol L−1) concentrations for optimal NTD prevention, 42.4% participants had RBC folate insufficiency. Rural women had a higher proportion of folate insufficiency than urban women. Folic acid supplementation was the only factor associated with RBC folate insufficiency. A large proportion of women had RBC folate concentrations that are not optimal for the prevention of NTDs despite free access to folic acid supplements. Actions that aim to improve folic acid supplementation compliance are needed to reach the full potential of the nationwide folic acid supplementation programme in terms of NTD prevention.
Effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir‐based therapy against chronic hepatitis C infection after successful kidney transplantation
Authors: Musialik Joanna , Kolonko Aureliusz , Kwiecień Katarzyna , Owczarek Aleksander J. , Więcek Andrzej 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundDirect‐acting antivirals (DAAs), including sofosbuvir (SOF), are recommended for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, few studies have investigated the effectiveness and safety of new DAAs in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness and safety of SOF‐based therapy in stable KTRs.Patients and methodsForty KTRs were treated with SOF‐based regimens. Rapid, end‐therapeutic, and sustained virologic responses were assessed, as was liver stiffness by elastometry. Safety was monitored by measuring the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, proteinuria, and blood trough levels of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). Other side effects were also recorded.ResultsThe effectiveness of DAAs was 100% at all time points. The therapy did not significantly influence eGFR or proteinuria, but significantly decreased mean blood Hb levels (13.5 ± 2.0 vs 11.6 ± 1.9, respectively, P < 0.001), which required a dose reduction or cessation of ribavirin (RBV) in 50% of patients. A profound, significant decrease in initial CNI concentrations was also observed during treatment in the majority of patients within the first month of therapy.ConclusionsIn this cohort of KTRs, the new SOF‐based therapies were characterized by 100% effectiveness and good safety profiles. However, in patients co‐treated with RBV, close blood Hb monitoring and early RBV dose reduction are necessary. In the majority of KTRs, antiviral therapy leads to a substantial and early decrease in CNIs levels, thus frequent measurement of CNI levels is necessary during SOF‐based therapy.
Differentiating the cognitive development of early-term births in infants and toddlers: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Hua Jing , Sun Jie , Cao Zhijuan , Dai Xiaotian , Lin Senran , Guo Jialin , Gu Guixiong , Du Wenchong 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the cognitive development of low-risk children during early childhood for early-term births at 37 and 38 weeks of gestation compared with full term births at 39–41 weeks of gestation.Setting and participantsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, one of the largest cities in China. A total of 1444 children from singleton pregnancies born at term gestation were included in the study.MeasuresThe cognitive outcomes of the subjects were measured using the cognitive subtest of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) across three cities in China. We analysed the association between gestational age and cognitive development during infancy and toddler stages using multivariate linear modelling.ResultsThe cognitive development scores for infants born at 37 gestational weeks were significantly lower than those born at 39–41 gestational weeks (β=−2.257, 95% CI −4.280 to −0.235; p<0.05) after adjusting for children’s and maternal characteristics, as well as socio-economic factors. However, there were no significant differences in cognitive ability between infants born at 38 gestational weeks compared with their full-term counterparts (p>0.05). Moreover, these effects were not found in toddlers (between 17 and 48 months of age) after adjusting for the possible confounders (p>0.05).ConclusionsInfants born at 37 weeks of gestation exhibited weaker cognitive ability compared with those born at 39–41 weeks of gestation. Our findings provide evidences for the close monitoring of potential developmental problems in early-term children, especially those born at 37 gestational weeks.
Extent and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure for tuberculosis care in Chongqing municipality, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Duan Weixia , Zhang Wen , Wu Chengguo , Wang Qingya , Yu Ya , Lin Hui , Liu Ying , Hu Daiyu 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the extent and associations of patient/diagnostic delay and other potential factors with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) for tuberculosis (TB) care in Chongqing municipality, China.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingFour counties of Chongqing municipality, China.ParticipantsA total of 1199 patients with active pulmonary TB beyond 16 years and without mental disorders were consecutively recruited in the four counties’ designated TB medical institutions.Outcome measuresThe incidence and intensity of CHE for TB care were described. The association between patients’ ‘sociodemographic and clinical characteristics such as patient delay, diagnostic delay, forms of TB, health insurance status and hospitalisation and CHE were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe incidence of CHE was 52.8% and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments were 93% of the total costs for TB care. Compared with patients without delay, the incidence and intensity of CHE were higher in patients who had patient delay or diagnostic delay. Patients who experienced patient delay or diagnostic delay, who was a male, elderly (≥60 years), an inhabitant, a peasant, divorced/widow, the New Cooperative Medical Scheme membership had greater risks of incurring CHE for TB care. Having a higher educational level appeared to be a protective factor. However, hospitalisation was not associated with CHE after controlling for other variables.ConclusionThe incidence and intensity of CHE for TB care are high, which provides baseline data about catastrophic costs that TB-related households faced in Chongqing of China. Variety of determinants of CHE implicate that it is essential to take effective measures to promote early seeking care and early diagnosis, improve the actual reimbursement rates of health insurance, especially for outpatients, and need more fine-tuned interventions such as precise poverty alleviation to reduce catastrophic costs of the vulnerable population.
Typhoon track change–based emergency shelter location–allocation model: a case study of Wenchang in Hainan province, China
Authors: Qin Lianjie , Xu Wei , Zhao Xiujuan , Ma Yunjia 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundDetermining the locations of disaster emergency shelters and the allocation of impacted residents are key components in shelter planning and emergency management. Various models have been developed to solve this location–allocation problem, but gaps remain regarding the processes of hazards. This study attempts to develop a model based on the change of typhoon track that addresses the location–allocation problem for typhoon emergency shelters.PurposeTo consider the changes in candidate shelters and number of evacuees due to the change in impact area with the progression of a typhoon.MethodsThe proposed model is composed of several static processes and solved by a modified particle swarm optimisation algorithm with a restart strategy.ResultsThe model is illustrated with the case of the evacuation process for Wenchang in Hainan province during Typhoon Rammasun in 2014 and Typhoon Mirinae in 2016. For the case of Typhoon Rammasun in 2014, the residents from east to west need to evacuate in three phases. For the case of Typhoon Mirinae in 2016, residents in the northern communities need not to evacuate to candidate shelters because they are not affected by the typhoon.ConclusionThe proposed model has advantages compared with non-typhoon track change–based model in saving time spent in shelters for residents and saving public resources for the local governments. With the proposed model, a manager could efficiently evacuate residents by considering the typhoon conditions.
Recent trends in child and youth emergency department visits because of pedestrian motor vehicle collisions by socioeconomic status in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Rothman Linda , Macarthur Colin , Wilton Andrew , Howard Andrew William , Macpherson Alison K 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundChildren in lower-income households have higher injury rates. Trends in emergency department (ED) visits by children 0–19 years because of pedestrian motor vehicle collisions (PMVCs) in Ontario, Canada (2008–2015) by socioeconomic status were examined.MethodsPMVC ED data were obtained from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences for children age 0–19 years over the period 2008–2015. Age-adjusted rates were calculated using Ontario census data. Household income quintiles were determined from the Registered Persons Database. Poisson regression was used to model ED visit rates by year, age and income quintile.ResultsThe frequency of child PMVC ED visits in Ontario decreased from 1562 in 2008 to 1281 in 2015. Age-adjusted rates were unchanged over time (IRR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.00); however, rate disparities by income status persisted with an IRR of 0.52 (0.50 to 0.55) comparing the highest with the lowest income level.ConclusionsExposure to traffic may play a role in rate disparities by income status in child PMVC; however, less safe traffic environments in lower income areas may also be strong contributors. These findings highlight the potential impact of roadway safety modifications in lower income areas to mitigate disparities in injury rates by socioeconomic status.
Antiepileptic drugs as prophylaxis for de novo brain tumour-related epilepsy after craniotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of harm and benefits
Authors: Mirian Christian , Møller Pedersen Maria , Sabers Anne , Mathiesen Tiit 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate potential harm and benefits of antiepileptic drugs (AED) given prophylactically to prevent de novo brain tumour-related epilepsy after craniotomy.MethodsRandomised controlled trials (RCT) and retrospective studies published before 27 November 2018 were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were applied. Eligible patients were diagnosed with a brain tumour, were seizure naïve and underwent craniotomy. The random effects model was used for quantitative synthesis. The analysis was adjusted for the confounding effect of including patients with a history of seizure prior to study inclusion.ResultsA total of 454 patients received prophylactic AED whereas 333 were allocated to placebo or no treatment. Two RCTs and four retrospective studies were identified. The OR was 1.09 (95% CI 0.7 to 1.8, p=0.7, I2=5.6%, χ2p=0.5), indicating study consistency and no significant differences. An additional two RCTs and one retrospective study combined craniotomy and diagnostic biopsy, and were subgroup analysed—which supported no difference in odds for epilepsy.ConclusionsA prophylactic effect of AED could not be demonstrated (nor rejected statistically). Levetiracetam was associated with less adverse effects than phenytoin. The potential harm of AED was not balanced by the potential prophylactic benefit. This study suggests that prophylactic AED should not be administered to prevent brain tumour-related epilepsy after craniotomy.