bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-depth haemodynamic phenotyping of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
Authors: Gerges Christian , Gerges Mario , Fesler Pierre , Pistritto Anna Maria , Konowitz Nicholas P. , Jakowitsch Johannes , Celermajer David S. , Lang Irene M. 
Published: March 2018

The commonest cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is left heart disease (LHD). The current classification system for definitions of PH-LHD is under review. We therefore performed prospective in-depth invasive haemodynamic phenotyping in order to assess the site of increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in PH-LHD subsets.Based on pulmonary artery occlusion waveforms yielding an estimate of the effective capillary pressure, we partitioned PVR in larger arterial (Rup, upstream resistance) and small arterial plus venous components (Rds, downstream resistance). In the case of small vessel disease,Rupdecreases andRdsincreases. Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) testing was used to assess acute vasoreactivity.Right ventricular afterload (PVR, pulmonary arterial compliance and effective arterial elastance) was significantly higher in combined post- and pre-capillary PH (Cpc-PH, n=35) than in isolated post-capillary PH (Ipc-PH, n=20). Right ventricular afterload decreased during inhalation of NO in Cpc-PH and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=31), but remained unchanged in Ipc-PH.Rupwas similar in Cpc-PH (66.8±10.8%) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (65.0±12.2%; p=0.530) suggesting small vessel disease, but significantly higher in Ipc-PH (96.5±4.5%; p<0.001) suggesting upstream transmission of elevated left atrial pressure.Right ventricular afterload is driven by elevated left atrial pressure in Ipc-PH and is further increased by elevated small vessel resistance in Cpc-PH. Cpc-PH is responsive to inhaled NO. Our data support current definitions of PH-LHD subsets.
National profile of foot orthotic provision in the United Kingdom, part 2: podiatrist, orthotist and physiotherapy practices
Authors: Nester C. J. , Graham A. , Martinez‐Santos A. , Williams A. E. , McAdam J. , Newton V. , Sweeney D. , Walker D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundA national survey recently provided the first description of foot orthotic provision in the United Kingdom. This article aims to profile and compare the foot orthoses practice of podiatrists, orthotists and physiotherapists within the current provision.MethodQuantitative data were collected from podiatrists, orthotists and physiotherapists via an online questionnaire. The topics, questions and answers were developed through a series of pilot phases. The professions were targeted through electronic and printed materials advertising the survey. Data were captured over a 10 month period in 2016. Differences between professions were investigated using Chi squared and Fischer's exact tests, and regression analysis was used to predict the likelihood of each aspect of practice in each of the three professions.ResultsResponses from 357 podiatrists, 93 orthotists and 49 physiotherapists were included in the analysis. The results reveal statistically significant differences in employment and clinical arrangements, the clinical populations treated, and the nature and volume of foot orthoses caseload.ConclusionPodiatrists, orthotists and physiotherapists provide foot orthoses to important clinical populations in both a prevention and treatment capacity. Their working context, scope of practice and mix of clinical caseload differs significantly, although there are areas of overlap. Addressing variations in practice could align this collective workforce to national allied health policy.
Computer-Assisted Flagging of Individuals at High Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Large Health Maintenance Organization Using the ColonFlag Test
Authors: Goshen Ran , Choman Eran , Ran Ayelet , Muller Efrat , Kariv Revital , Chodick Gabriel , Ash Nachman , Narod Steven , Shalev Varda 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To evaluate in a sample of adults who had been noncompliant with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening whether screening could be enhanced by an automated patient recall system based on identifying high-risk individuals using the ColonFlag test and an electronic medical record database. Methods A total of 79,671 individuals who were determined to be noncompliant with current screening recommendations were identified in the Maccabi Health Services program in Israel. Their cancer risk was determined by ColonFlag using information on age, sex, and CBC results. Doctors of individuals who were flagged as high risk were notified and asked to follow up with their patients. Results The ColonFlag identified 688 men and women who scored in the highest 0.87 percentile. Of these individuals, 254 had colonoscopies performed by Maccabi physicians, and 19 CRCs (7.5%) were found. An additional 15 cancers primarily identified outside of Maccabi were found through code matching. Conclusion The ColonFlag test is a rapid, efficient, and inexpensive test that can be applied to scan electronic medical records to identify individuals at high risk of CRC who would otherwise avoid screening.
Effects of Diazoxide-Mediated Insulin Suppression on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Nondiabetic Obese Men
Authors: Loves Sandra , van Groningen Lenneke , Filius Margreet , Mekking Marja , Brandon Tom , Tack Cees J , Hermus Ad , de Boer Hans 
Published: March 2018

AbstractContextIt has been suggested that stimulation of lipolysis by diazoxide (DZX)-mediated insulin suppression may be useful in treating obesity. However, the optimal dose to promote lipolysis without causing hyperglycemia is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the effects of DZX in nondiabetic obese men on lipid and glucose metabolism.DesignDouble-blind, placebo (PL)-controlled, 6-month trial in men with a body mass index of 30 to 37.5 kg/m2 treated with a combination of caloric restriction, a standardized exercise program, and DZX or PL dose escalation.ResultsThe mean maximal tolerated dose of DZX was 422 ± 44 mg/d (range, 200 to 700 mg/d). Dose-limiting events were edema (n = 11), hyperglycemia (n = 6), and nausea (n = 2). After dose reduction to a level free of clinical side effects, DZX treatment was associated with a markedly greater decrease in fasting insulin levels than PL (−72.3 ± 3.5% vs −23.0 ± 12.6%; P &lt; 0.001) and a significant improvement of blood pressure and plasma lipid levels. The decline in insulin levels occurred at the cost of a small increase in plasma glucose (0.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L vs −0.1 ± 0.1 mmol/L; P = 0.04) and hemoglobin A1C (0.2 ± 0.1% vs 0.0 ± 0.1%; P = 0.17).ConclusionIn nondiabetic obese men, insulin levels can be reduced up to 70% without major metabolic side effects. The marked intersubject variation in maximal tolerated dose indicates that DZX dose titration needs to be individualized.
A Dedicated Acute Pain Service Is Associated With Reduced Postoperative Opioid Requirements in Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery With Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Said Engy T. , Sztain Jacklynn F. , Abramson Wendy B. , Meineke Minhthy N. , Furnish Timothy J. , Schmidt Ulrich H. , Manecke Gerard R. , Gabriel Rodney A. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:
The Acute Pain Service (APS) was initially introduced to optimize multimodal postoperative pain control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the implementation of an APS and postoperative pain management and outcomes for patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC).

METHODS:
In this propensity-matched retrospective cohort study, we performed a before–after study without a concurrent control group. Outcomes were compared among patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC when APS was implemented versus historical controls (non-APS). The primary objective was to determine if there was a decrease in median total opioid consumption during postoperative days 0–3 among patients managed by the APS. Secondary outcomes included opioid consumption on each postoperative day (0–6), time to ambulation, time to solid intake, and hospital length of stay.

RESULTS:
After exclusion, there were a total of 122 patients, of which 51 and 71 were in the APS and non-APS cohort, respectively. Between propensity-matched groups, the median (quartiles) total opioid consumption during postoperative days 0–3 was 27.5 mg intravenous morphine equivalents (MEQs) (7.6–106.3 mg MEQs) versus 144.0 mg MEQs (68.9–238.3 mg MEQs), respectively. The median difference was 80.8 mg MEQs (95% confidence interval, 46.1–124.0; P < .0001). There were statistically significant decreases in time to ambulation and time to solid diet intake in the APS cohort.

CONCLUSIONS:
After implementing the APS, CRS-HIPEC patients had decreased opioid consumption by >50%, as well as shorter time to ambulation and time to solid intake. Implementation of an APS may improve outcomes in CRS-HIPEC patients.
Tropical Freedom
Authors: Asaka Ikuko 
Published: March 2018

&lt;DIV&gt;In Tropical Freedom Ikuko Asaka engages in a hemispheric examination of the intersection of emancipation and settler colonialism in North America. Asaka shows how from the late eighteenth century through Reconstruction, emancipation efforts in the United States and present-day Canada were accompanied by attempts to relocate freed blacks to tropical regions, as black bodies were deemed to be more physiologically compatible with tropical climates. This logic conceived of freedom as a racially segregated condition based upon geography and climate. Regardless of whether freed people became tenant farmers in Sierra Leone or plantation laborers throughout the Caribbean, their relocation would provide whites with a monopoly over the benefits of settling indigenous land in temperate zones throughout North America. At the same time, black activists and intellectuals contested these geographic-based controls by developing alternative discourses on race and the environment. By tracing these negotiations of the transnational racialization of freedom, Asaka demonstrates the importance of considering settler colonialism and black freedom together while complicating the prevailing frames through which the intertwined histories of British and U.S. emancipation and colonialism have been understood.&lt;/DIV&gt;
Crystal Structure-dependent Thermal Stability and Catalytic Performance of AuRu3 Solid-solution Alloy Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Quan , Kusada Kohei , Wu Dongshuang , Kawaguchi Shogo , Kubota Yoshiki , Kitagawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We describe the first investigation into the influence of the crystal structure of AuRu3 alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on their thermal stability and catalytic properties. The hexagonal close-packed (hcp)-AuRu3 alloy NPs show better thermal stability than the face-centered cubic (fcc)-AuRu3 alloy NPs. The difference in catalytic properties was investigated through the oxygen evolution reaction. Both fcc- and hcp-AuRu3 alloy NPs show onset potentials comparable to Ru NPs. However, the hcp alloy NPs show higher durability than the fcc alloy NPs.
Revisiting the Trade-off Between Risk and Incentives: The Shocking Effect of Random Shocks?
Authors: Corgnet Brice , Hernán-González Roberto 
Published: March 2018

Despite its central role in the theory of incentives, empirical evidence of a trade-off between risk and incentives remains scarce. We reexamine this trade-off in a workplace lab environment and find that, in line with theory, principals increase fixed pay while lowering performance pay when the relationship between effort and output is noisier. Unexpectedly, agents produce substantially more in the noisy environment than in the baseline despite weaker incentives. In addition, principals’ earnings are significantly higher in the noisy environment. We show that these findings can be accounted for when agents maximize a non-CARA utility function or when they exhibit loss aversion. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2914 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Efektivitas Teknik Biofiltrasi Dengan Media Sarang Tawon Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Nitrogen Total Limbah Cair
Authors: Sali Gea Paramudhita , Suprabawati Anggi , Purwanto Yuli 
Published: March 2018

Berdasarkan regulasi PERMEN LH No. 5 Tahun 2014 Lampiran XLVII yang mengatur bahwa setiap limbah cair industri harus memenuhi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan, maka telah dilakukan penelitian dalam upaya untuk memperoleh suatu sistem pengolahan air limbah yang cukup sederhana yang dapat diterapkan di industri-industri kecil. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan pengolahan limbah yang mengandung nitrat (NO3), nitrit (NO2), dan ammonia (NH3) dengan menerapkan sistem nitrifikasi biologis yang menggunakan reaktor biofilter tercelup menggunakan media sarang tawon. Pemilihan sistem ini karena telah diketahui cara biologis adalah cara yang paling ekonomis dan reaktor biofilter tercelup merupakan sistem yang mudah dioperasikan dengan hasil yang cukup maksimal. Hasil penelitian diperoleh efektivitas penurunan kadar nitrit (NO2) sebesar 97,23%, kadar ammonia (NH3) sebesar 85,80%, kadar N-total sebesar 43,65% dan kenaikan kadar nitrat (NO3) sebesar 21,92%, dengan waktu tinggal optimal selama 6-7 hari. Hal ini terjadi karena adanya bakteri pengurai yang melekat pada media sarang tawon yang dapat merombak senyawa-senyawa nitrogen.
Kajian Dampak Rencana Pembangunan Kawasan Wisata Marina di Pesisir Kabupaten Belitung terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Sekitarnya
Authors: Wibowo Mardi 
Published: March 2018

Pada dasarnya semua kegiatan pembangunan khususnya di kawasan pesisir akan menimbulkan perubahan terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya baik yang positif maupun negatif. Tidak terkecuali rencana pembangunan kawasan marina di pantai Tanjungpendam Kabupaten Belitung pasti akan menimbulkan dampak terhadap kualitas lingkungan perairan di sekitarnya. Metode yang dipakai dalam kajian ini adalah kompilasi dan analisis data sekunder, melakukan tinjauan dan observasi lapangan, analisis data sekunder yang ada, analisis desain kawasan marina yang akan dibangun, memperkirakan dampak lingkungan serta menyusun usulan untuk pengelolaan dan pemantauan dampak yang mungkin terjadi. Pada tahap konstruksi dan operasional kawasan marina, dampak terhadap lingkungan yang mungkin terjadi adalah menurunnya kualitas perairan laut, kualitas udara, terjadinya perubahan pola arus, abrasi dan sedimentasi serta terganggunya kehidupan biota yang ada di sekitar dermaga. Dampak-dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan umumnya dikategorikan sebagai dampak negatif dan bersifat terus menerus. Untuk meminimalisir dampak negatif yang mungkin timbul diperlukan adanya upaya pengelolaan lingkungan dan upaya pemantauan lingkungan.
Harmonization initiatives in the generation, reporting and application of biological variation data
Authors: Aarsand Aasne K. , Røraas Thomas , Bartlett William A. , Coşkun Abdurrahman , Carobene Anna , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Jonker Niels , Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Braga Federica , Sandberg Sverre 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Biological variation (BV) data have many applications in laboratory medicine. However, concern has been raised that some BV estimates in use today may be irrelevant or of unacceptable quality. A number of initiatives have been launched by the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) and other parties to deliver a more harmonized practice in the generation, reporting and application of BV data. Resulting from a necessary focus upon the veracity of historical BV studies, critical appraisal and meta-analysis of published BV studies is possible through application of the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC), published in 2017. The BIVAC compliant large-scale European Biological Variation Study delivers updated high-quality BV data for a wide range of measurands. Other significant developments include the publication of a Medical Subject Heading term for BV and recommendations for common terminology for reporting of BV data. In the near future, global BV estimates derived from meta-analysis of BIVAC appraised publications will be accessible in a Biological Variation Database at the EFLM website. The availability of these high-quality data, which have many applications that impact on the quality and interpretation of clinical laboratory results, will afford improved patient care.
The Results of the Development of Balneal Care Provision and the State of the Czech Spa Industry in Connection with the Changes in Legislation
Authors: Vavrečková Eva , Stuchlíková Jana , Dluhošová Radmila 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The paper focuses on the development of balneal care provision and its current state in the Czech spa industry in connection with the changes in legislation. In particular, the period of 2000–2015 is specified, including the survey of positive and negative changes resulting from the changes in legal norms regulating the balneal care provision. Special attention is paid to two turning points in the balneal care provision: the turn of 2012 and 2013 and the turn of 2014 and 2015, which were significantly affected by the changing legislation.
Maximum asymmetry of copulas revisited
Authors: Kamnitui Noppadon , Fernández-Sánchez Juan , Trutschnig Wolfgang 
Published: March 2018

Abstract Motivated by the nice characterization of copulas A for which d∞(A, At) is maximal as established independently by Nelsen [11] and Klement & Mesiar [7], we study maximum asymmetry with respect to the conditioning-based metric D1 going back to Trutschnig [12]. Despite the fact that D1(A, At) is generally not straightforward to calculate, it is possible to provide both, a characterization and a handy representation of all copulas A maximizing D1(A, At). This representation is then used to prove the existence of copulas with full support maximizing D1(A, At). A comparison of D1- and d∞-asymmetry including some surprising examples rounds off the paper.
Towards a constructional approach to discourse-level phenomena: The case of the Spanish interpersonal epistemic stance construction
Authors: Enghels Renata 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study contributes to a better understanding of how constructional models can be applied to discourse-level phenomena, and constitute a valuable supplement to previous grammaticalization accounts of pragmatic markers. The case study that is presented concerns the recent development of the interpersonal epistemic stance construction in Spanish. The central argument is that the expanding use ofsabesas a pragmatic marker can best be fully understood by taking into account the composite network of related expressions which Spanish speakers have at their disposal when performing a particular speech act. The diachronic analysis is documented with spoken corpus examples collected in recent decades, and is mainly informed by frequency data measuring the productivity, as well as formal properties of the construction and its instantiations.
The “adipose tissue expandability” hypothesis: a potential mechanism for insulin resistance in obese youth
Authors: Caprio Sonia , Pierpont Bridget , Kursawe Romy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Obesity has become a major global health challenge of the 21st century, as it is associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular complications, even at a very early age in life. The root causes of pediatric obesity remain incompletely understood. The obesity epidemic together with the relationship of obesity to the growing population burden of chronic disease presents unprecedented research opportunities and challenges. Decades of obesity-related research funded by governments around the world have yielded many important discoveries about both etiological pathways and preventive or therapeutic interventions. Yet, there is a sense that the problem is outpacing these research efforts. Obesity poses a significant risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) , diabetes and certain cancers thereby shortening life expectancy. Nevertheless, many obese individuals do not develop any of these comorbidities. One hypothesis explaining this dilemma is that total body fat is not the culprit of adverse health in obesity rather the relative proportion of lipids in various fat depots is what determines the metabolic risk. In this review, we describe the role of altered fat partitioning in youth onset obesity and its relation to fatty liver and T2D during adolescence.
Ambient Vibration-Based System Identification of a Medieval Masonry Bastion for Health Assessment using Nonlinear Analyses
Authors: Altunişik Ahmet Can , Genç Ali Fuat , Günaydin Murat , Adanur Süleyman , Yesevi Okur Fatih 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Earthquakes have underlined the need for health monitoring and safety assessment of engineering structures in general and especially historical heritage. These structures can be exposed to many different loads such as earthquake and wind that may cause the deterioration and loss of structural integrity. In this study, ambient vibration-based system identification of Zağanos Bastion is carried out for health assessment using linear and nonlinear analyses. 3D finite element analyses of the bastion are performed using relievo drawings and analytical dynamic characteristics are obtained. Ambient vibration tests are conducted on the bastion and experimental dynamic characteristics such as natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios are determined. Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition Method in the frequency domain and Stochastic Subspace Identification Method in the time domain are used to extract the experimental dynamic characteristics. Maximum differences are minimized using some uncertain parameters to obtain the updated finite element model. Linear and nonlinear time history analyses are carried out using 1999 Kocaeli earthquake ground motion record to display the maximum displacements, stresses and local damage regions with detail. This study suggests that minor damage at the connection points and exterior surface will sustain under destructive earthquakes.
Specifications of Standards in Systems and Synthetic Biology: Status and Developments in 2017
Authors: Schreiber Falk , Bader Gary D. , Gleeson Padraig , Golebiewski Martin , Hucka Michael , Keating Sarah M. , Novère Nicolas Le , Myers Chris , Nickerson David , Sommer Björn , Waltemath Dagmar 
Published: March 2018

AbstractStandards are essential to the advancement of Systems and Synthetic Biology. COMBINE provides a formal body and a centralised platform to help develop and disseminate relevant standards and related resources. The regular special issue of the Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics aims to support the exchange, distribution and archiving of these standards by providing unified, easily citable access. This paper provides an overview of existing COMBINE standards and presents developments of the last year.
A Thermodynamical Theory with Internal Variables Describing Thermal Effects in Viscous Fluids
Authors: Ciancio Vincenzo , Palumbo Annunziata 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In this paper the heat conduction in viscous fluids is described by using the theory of classical irreversible thermodynamics with internal variables. In this theory, the deviation from the local equilibrium is characterized by vectorial internal variables and a generalized entropy current density expressed in terms of so-called current multipliers. Cross effects between heat conduction and viscosity are also considered and some phenomenological generalizations of Fourier’s and Newton’s laws are obtained.