bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric and ionospheric media calibrations based on global navigation satellite system observation data
Authors: Feltens Joachim , Bellei Gabriele , Springer Tim , Kints Mark V. , Zandbergen René , Budnik Frank , Schönemann Erik 
Published: May 2018

Context: Calibration of radiometric tracking data for effects in the Earth atmosphere is a crucial element in the field of deep-space orbit determination (OD). The troposphere can induce propagation delays in the order of several meters, the ionosphere up to the meter level for X-band signals and up to tens of meters, in extreme cases, for L-band ones. The use of media calibrations based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) measurement data can improve the accuracy of the radiometric observations modelling and, as a consequence, the quality of orbit determination solutions.
Aims: ESOC Flight Dynamics employs ranging, Doppler and delta-DOR (Delta-Differential One-Way Ranging) data for the orbit determination of interplanetary spacecraft. Currently, the media calibrations for troposphere and ionosphere are either computed based on empirical models or, under mission specific agreements, provided by external parties such as the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. In order to become independent from external models and sources, decision fell to establish a new in-house internal service to create these media calibrations based on GNSS measurements recorded at the ESA tracking sites and processed in-house by the ESOC Navigation Support Office with comparable accuracy and quality.
Methods: For its concept, the new service was designed to be as much as possible depending on own data and resources and as less as possible depending on external models and data. Dedicated robust and simple algorithms, well suited for operational use, were worked out for that task. This paper describes the approach built up to realize this new in-house internal media calibration service.
Results: Test results collected during three months of running the new media calibrations in quasi-operational mode indicate that GNSS-based tropospheric corrections can remove systematic signatures from the Doppler observations and biases from the range ones. For the ionosphere, a direct way of verification was not possible due to non-availability of independent third party data for comparison. Nevertheless, the tests for ionospheric corrections showed also slight improvements in the tracking data modelling, but not to an extent as seen for the tropospheric corrections.
Conclusions: The validation results confirmed that the new approach meets the requirements upon accuracy and operational use for the tropospheric part, while some improvement is still ongoing for the ionospheric one. Based on these test results, green light was given to put the new in-house service for media calibrations into full operational mode in April 2017.
Status epilepticus
Authors: Burghaus Lothar , Dohmen Christian , Malter Michael 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Status epilepticus ist ein neurologischer Notfall, der durch prolongierte Anfallsaktivität oder eine Serie von Anfällen ohne zwischenzeitliche Wiedererlangung des vorbestehenden neurologischen Befundes gekennzeichnet ist. Vorrangiges Ziel der Therapie ist die rasche Beendigung der Anfälle, da mit zunehmender Dauer des Status epilepticus Morbidität und Mortalität ansteigen. Auf der Grundlage von klinischen Studien und Leitlinienempfehlungen werden Strategien zur Behandlung des Status epilepticus vorgestellt.
Immunonkologie beim Nierenzellkarzinom – Aktueller Stand
Authors: Grimm Marc-Oliver , Foller Susan 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDurch die Zulassung des Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitors Nivolumab (Opdivo®) und neuer Multikinaseinhibitoren (Cabozantinib, Lenvatinib, Tivozanib) hat sich die systemische Therapie des metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms in den letzten 2 Jahren erheblich verändert. Nivolumab und Cabozantinib sollen als zweite Therapielinie nach Versagen einer VEGF basierten Therapie lt. S3-Leitlinie eingesetzt werden. In der zulassungsrelevanten Studie hatte sich für den Immun- Checkpoint-Inhibitor Nivolunab im Vergleich zu Everolimus ein besseres medianes Gesamtüberleben (26 Monate vs. 19,7 Monate; Hazard ratio 0,73; p = 0,0006), eine signifikant höhere Ansprechrate (26 % vs. 5 %) und ein günstigeres Nebenwirkungsprofil gezeigt.Aktuell werden zahlreiche Kombinationen mit PD-1/PD-L1-Inhibitoren in der Erstlinientherapie gegen Sunitinib getestet. Die randomisierte Phase-III-Studie CheckMate 214 zeigte als erste eine signifikant höhere objektive Ansprechrate (42 % vs. 27 %, p < 0,0001) sowie ein längeres Gesamtüberleben (Median für Nivo + Ipi bisher nicht erreicht (28,2 – NE) vs. 26,0 Monate; Hazard ratio 0,63) für die Kombination aus Nivolumab und dem CTLA-4 Antikörper Ipilimumab bei intermediate und high risk Patienten nach IMDC. CheckMate 214 zeigt darüber hinaus Vorteile für die Immuntherapie in Bezug auf Nebenwirkungen und Lebensqualität gegenüber Sunitinib. Allerdings zeigt sich eine deutliche Zunahme immunvermittelter Nebenwirkungen. Eine randomisierte Studie mit dem PD-L1-Inhibitor Atezolizumab kombiniert mit dem VEGF-Antikörper Bevacizumab ergab für PD-L1-positive Patienten ein signifikant längeres progressionsfreies Überleben gegenüber Sunitinib; dieser Vorteil fand sich in allen Risikogruppen. Weitere Phase-III-Studien mit neueren VEGFR-TKIs (Axitinib, Cabozantinib, Lenvatinib) und PD-1/PD-L1-Inhibitoren laufen aktuell.Zusammenfassend wird der PD-1-Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitor Nivolumab eine Standardtherapie beim metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinom nach antiangiogenetischer Vortherapie bleiben. Die Kombination aus Nivolumab und Ipilimumab wird Standardtherapie bei Patienten mit intermediärem bzw. hohem Risiko in der Erstlinie. Für eine Bewertung der Kombinationen aus PD-1/PD-L1-Inhibitoren und Bevacizumab bzw. VEGFR-TKIs werden weitere Daten (Gesamtüberleben, Nebenwirkungsspektrum) benötigt.
Querschnittlähmung mit neurogener Harnblasenfunktionsstörung als möglicher Risikofaktor für Harnblasen-Karzinome
Authors: Böthig Ralf , Fiebag Kai , Kowald Birgitt , Hirschfeld Sven , Thietje Roland , Kurze Ines , Schöps Wolfgang , Böhme Holger , Kaufmann Albert , Zellner Michael , Kadhum Thura , Golka Klaus 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Die Lebenserwartung für Menschen mit Querschnittlähmung (spinal cord injury/disease; SCI/D) steigt infolge der Fortschritte der paraplegiologischen und neuro-urologischen Behandlungsmethoden. Somit gewinnt jedoch das Risiko, an Harnblasenkrebs zu erkranken, an Bedeutung.
Methodik Retrospektive Single-Center-Auswertung von konsekutiven Patientendaten mit SCI/D und nachgewiesenem Harnblasenkarzinom.
Ergebnis Vom 1. Januar 1998 bis 31. März 2017 wurde bei 32 (3 weiblich, 29 männlich) von insgesamt 6 432 Patienten mit SCI/D ein Harnblasen-Karzinom diagnostiziert. Das Durchschnittsalter bei der Blasenkrebsdiagnose lag mit 54,5 Jahren deutlich unter dem für Blasenkrebsfälle in der Allgemeinbevölkerung (männlich: 74, weiblich: 75 Jahre). 27 Patienten litten an einer urodynamisch bestätigten neurogenen Detrusor-Überaktivität, während 5 Patienten (alle männlich) eine neurogene Akontraktilität des Detrusors aufwiesen.Die mediane Latenzzeit zwischen dem Einsetzen der SCI/D und der Tumordiagnose betrug 29,5 Jahre. Temporäre Dauerkatheterisierungen wurden bei lediglich 4 Patienten für insgesamt nur 1,61 % der Latenzzeit aller Patienten gefunden.Die Mehrzahl der Patienten (n = 27) wies ein Urothelzellkarzinom auf, 5 Patienten hatten ein Plattenepithelkarzinom. 25 Patienten (78 %) hatten zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose bereits einen muskelinvasiven Tumor ≥ T2. 23 Patienten zeigten ein histologisch schlecht differenziertes G3-Karzinom, zwei Patienten hatten jeweils einen G2- und G1-Tumor (keine Angaben bei 5 Patienten).Das mediane Überleben für alle Patienten betrug 11,5 Monate. Die Prognose der Patienten mit Plattenepithelkarzinom war signifikant noch schlechter, 4 von 5 starben innerhalb von 7 Monaten (Median 4 Monate).
Schlussfolgerung Das jüngere Alter bei Beginn der Tumorerkrankung und die Häufigkeit invasiver, schlecht differenzierter Tumoren bei der Diagnose weisen darauf hin, dass das Vorliegen einer SCI/D sowohl Risiko als auch Prognose der Blasentumor-Erkrankung signifikant beeinflussen. Die Latenzzeit zwischen Lähmungseintritt und Tumorerkrankung scheint ein maßgeblicher Risiko-Parameter zu sein.Die Art der neurogenen Blasenfunktionsstörung und des Blasen-Managements scheinen dagegen das Risiko nicht zu beeinflussen. Langzeit-Dauerableitungen der Harnblase spielten bei den untersuchten Patienten nur eine untergeordnete Rolle.Die Früherkennung von Blasenkrebs bei Patienten mit SCI/D bleibt eine Herausforderung.
Implications of Zika virus and congenital Zika syndrome for the number of live births in Brazil
Authors: Castro Marcia C. , Han Qiuyi C. , Carvalho Lucas R. , Victora Cesar G. , França Giovanny V. A. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Zika virus (ZIKV) was discovered 70 years ago, and since then small isolated outbreaks occurred without major complications being reported. When ZIKV hit Brazil, however, a public health emergency was declared, given its link with microcephaly. Knowledge on ZIKV has advanced, but demographic impacts remain poorly understood. This study uses data from Brazil to assess whether a decline in births occurred after the onset of ZIKV. Forecasts show significant birth declines, particularly after April 2016. No significant changes in fetal death rates and no pattern of increase in hospitalizations due to abortion complications were observed, although hospitalizations occurred later in some states. We argue that postponement of pregnancy and abortions, primarily, likely affected fertility, with implications for women’s reproductive health.
TAp73 contributes to the oxidative stress response by regulating protein synthesis
Authors: Marini Alberto , Rotblat Barak , Sbarrato Thomas , Niklison-Chirou Maria Victoria , Knight John R. P. , Dudek Kate , Jones Carolyn , Bushell Martin , Knight Richard A. , Amelio Ivano , Willis Anne E. , Melino Gerry 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Oxidative stress is a critical contributor to aging-associated diseases, including neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Here, we demonstrate that the p53 family transcription factor TAp73 contributes to the oxidative stress response by participating in the control of protein synthesis. Regulation of mRNA translation ensures a prompt and efficient method to overcome stress, and TAp73 depletion results in aberrant ribosomal biogenesis and impaired protein synthesis. In particular, TAp73 is important for maintaining active translation of mitochondrial transcripts in response to oxidative stress, thus promoting mitochondrial activity that contributes to adaptation to stress conditions. Our data therefore reveal an unexpected role for TAp73 in regulating protein synthesis responsible for its homeostatic ability.
Limiting global-mean temperature increase to 1.5–2 °C could reduce the incidence and spatial spread of dengue fever in Latin America
Authors: Colón-González Felipe J. , Harris Ian , Osborn Timothy J. , Steiner São Bernardo Christine , Peres Carlos A. , Hunter Paul R. , Warren Rachel , van Vuurene Detlef , Lake Iain R. 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceThis study is a multigeneral circulation model, multiscenario modeling exercise developed to quantify the dengue-related health benefits of limiting global warming to 1.5–2.0 °C above preindustrial levels in Latin America and the Caribbean. We estimate the impact of future climate change and population growth on the additional number of dengue cases and provide insights about the regions and periods most likely affected by changes in the length of the transmission season. Here, we show that future climate change may amplify dengue transmission and that significant impacts could be avoided by constraining global warming to 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels. Our work could be a starting point for future risk assessments incorporating other important drivers of disease such as urbanization and international traveling.
Fluctuating radiocarbon offsets observed in the southern Levant and implications for archaeological chronology debates
Authors: Manning Sturt W. , Griggs Carol , Lorentzen Brita , Bronk Ramsey Christopher , Chivall David , Jull A. J. Timothy , Lange Todd E. 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceWe observe a substantive and fluctuating offset in measured radiocarbon ages between plant material growing in the southern Levant versus the standard Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon calibration dataset derived from trees growing in central and northern Europe and North America. This likely relates to differences in growing seasons with a climate imprint. This finding is significant for, and affects, any radiocarbon application in the southern Levant region and especially for high-resolution archaeological dating—the focus of much recent work and scholarly debate, especially surrounding the timeframe of the earlier Iron Age (earlier Biblical period). Our findings change the basis of this debate; our data point to lower (more recent) ages by variously a few years to several decades.
Potent and selective antitumor activity of a T cell-engaging bispecific antibody targeting a membrane-proximal epitope of ROR1
Authors: Qi Junpeng , Li Xiuling , Peng Haiyong , Cook Erika M. , Dadashian Eman L. , Wiestner Adrian , Park HaJeung , Rader Christoph 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceHarnessing and enhancing the innate and adaptive immune system to fight cancer represents one of the most promising strategies in contemporary cancer therapy. Although bispecific antibodies (biAbs) that combine a T cell-engaging arm with a tumor cell-binding arm are particularly potent cancer immunotherapeutic agents, they rely on the identification of tumor antigens with highly restricted expression. The receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 is expressed by numerous cancers and is largely absent from postnatal healthy cells and tissues. Here we show that T cell-engaging biAbs that target ROR1 are highly potent in in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models of cancer, in particular when targeting a conserved site on ROR1 close to the tumor cell membrane we precisely mapped by X-ray crystallography.
Quantitative assessment of prefrontal cortex in humans relative to nonhuman primates
Authors: Donahue Chad J. , Glasser Matthew F. , Preuss Todd M. , Rilling James K. , Van Essen David C. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
A longstanding controversy in neuroscience pertains to differences in human prefrontal cortex (PFC) compared with other primate species; specifically, is human PFC disproportionately large? Distinctively human behavioral capacities related to higher cognition and affect presumably arose from evolutionary modifications since humans and great apes diverged from a common ancestor about 6–8 Mya. Accurate determination of regional differences in the amount of cortical gray and subcortical white matter content in humans, great apes, and Old World monkeys can further our understanding of the link between structure and function of the human brain. Using tissue volume analyses, we show a disproportionately large amount of gray and white matter corresponding to PFC in humans compared with nonhuman primates.
NT3-chitosan enables de novo regeneration and functional recovery in monkeys after spinal cord injury
Authors: Rao Jia-Sheng , Zhao Can , Zhang Aifeng , Duan Hongmei , Hao Peng , Wei Rui-Han , Shang Junkui , Zhao Wen , Liu Zuxiang , Yu Juehua , Fan Kevin S. , Tian Zhaolong , He Qihua , Song Wei , Yang Zhaoyang , Sun Yi Eve , Li Xiaoguang 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe medical condition often leading to permanent loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic functions, currently with no cure. This study provides evidence that in monkeys with severe SCI, a bioactive and biodegradable material, NT3-chitosan, elicited robust de novo neural regeneration including, for example, long-distance axonal growth of cortical motor neurons in the cortical spinal tract, as well as sensory and motor functional recovery. In this study, we utilized a battery of minimally invasive outcome measures including fMRI, magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, and kinematics walking analyses, which are all clinical trial-compatible. Essentially, success in this approach in nonhuman primate SCI models provides a solid foundation for its potential therapeutic application.
Clear in its core, blurred in the outer contours: culturally normative conceptions of the family in Germany
Authors: Lück Detlev , Ruckdeschel Kerstin 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
This paper investigates which conceptions of the family exist in Germany and how widespread they are. It uses a multi-method design. The ‘Family Leitbild’ survey, conducted in Germany in 2012 with 5000 participants, provides quantitative data. Qualitative data are taken from the study ‘Family in Pictures’, in which 101 participants each drew a picture of what constitutes a ‘proper’ family in their subjective view, and thereafter were interviewed about the conception underlying their drawing. Findings suggest that conceptions of the family are diverse. They share a common well-established core that family in its prototypical form consists of a heterosexual couple with their own children, in conjunction with certain functions, relationship qualities and settings. Conceptions mostly are very generous extensions of this core understanding that also include a large number of other living arrangements, and forgo some of the family’s ‘traditional’ functions. However, which living arrangements are included varies. The contemporary cultural conception of the family is very clear in its core and blurred in its outer contours. For young people drafting their life plans, it leaves a lot of freedom. However, for those without firm personal preferences, it still proposes the nuclear family as a safe beaten track.
Modern dietary guidelines for healthy pregnancy; maximising maternal and foetal outcomes and limiting excessive gestational weight gain
Authors: Elliott‐Sale Kirsty Jayne , Graham Ashley , Hanley Stephanie Jane , Blumenthal Sherry , Sale Craig 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMaternal dietary habits influence maternal and foetal health, representing a pathway for intervention to maximise pregnancy outcomes. Advice on energy intake is provided on a trimester basis, with no additional calories required in the first trimester and an additional 340 kcal d−1 and 452 kcal d−1 needed for the second and third trimesters. Energy intake depends on pre‐gravid body mass index (BMI); underweight women are recommended an increase of 150, 200 and 300 kcal d−1 during the first, second and third trimester, normal weight women an increase of 0, 350 and 500 kcal d−1 and obese women an increase of 0, 450 and 350 kcal day−1. The recommendations for carbohydrate and protein intake are 175 g d−1 and 0.88–1.1 g kgBM d−1, with no change to fat intake. The number of pre‐gravid obese women is rising; therefore, we need to regulate weight in women of childbearing age and limit gestational weight gain to within the recommended ranges [overweight women 6.8–11.3 kg and obese women 5.0–9.1 kg]. This can be achieved using nutritional interventions, as dietary changes have been shown to help with gestational weight management. As pregnancy has been identified as a risk factor for the development of obesity, normal weight women should gain 11.5–16.0 kg during pregnancy. While some research has shown that dietary interventions help to regulate gestational weight gain and promote postpartum weight loss to some extent, future research is needed to provide safe and effective guidelines to maximise these effects, while benefitting maternal and foetal health.
Accuracy and precision of loadsol® insole force‐sensors for the quantification of ground reaction force‐based biomechanical running parameters
Authors: Seiberl Wolfgang , Jensen Elisabeth , Merker Josephine , Leitel Marco , Schwirtz Ansgar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractForce plates represent the “gold standard” in measuring running kinetics to predict performance or to identify the sources of running‐related injuries. As these measurements are generally limited to laboratory analyses, wireless high‐quality sensors for measuring in the field are needed. This work analysed the accuracy and precision of a new wireless insole forcesensor for quantifying running‐related kinetic parameters. Vertical ground reaction force (GRF) was simultaneously measured with pit‐mounted force plates (1 kHz) and loadsol® sensors (100 Hz) under unshod forefoot and rearfoot running‐step conditions. GRF data collections were repeated four times, each separated by 30 min treadmill running, to test influence of extended use. A repeated‐measures ANOVA was used to identify differences between measurement devices. Additionally, mean bias and Bland–Altman limits of agreement (LoA) were calculated. We found a significant difference (p < .05) in ground contact time, peak force, and force rate, while there was no difference in parameters impulse, time to peak, and negative force rate. There was no influence of time point of measurement. The mean bias of ground contact time, impulse, peak force, and time to peak ranged between 0.6% and 3.4%, demonstrating high accuracy of loadsol® devices for these parameters. For these same parameters, the LoA analysis showed that 95% of all measurement differences between insole and force plate measurements were less than 12%, demonstrating high precision of the sensors. However, highly dynamic behaviour of GRF, such as force rate, is not yet sufficiently resolved by the insole devices, which is likely explained by the low sampling rate.
An automated method for detecting alternatively spliced protein domains
Authors: Coelho Vitor , Sammeth Michael 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Alternative splicing (AS) has been demonstrated to play a role in shaping eukaryotic gene diversity at the transcriptional level. However, the impact of AS on the proteome is still controversial. Studies that seek to explore the effect of AS at the proteomic level are hampered by technical difficulties in the cumbersome process of casting forth and back between genome, transcriptome and proteome space coordinates, and the naïve prediction of protein domains in the presence of AS suffers many redundant sequence scans that emerge from constitutively spliced regions that are shared between alternative products of a gene.

Results
We developed the AstaFunk pipeline that computes for every generic transcriptome all domains that are altered by AS events in a systematic and efficient manner. In a nutshell, our method employs Viterbi dynamic programming, which guarantees to find all score-optimal hits of the domains under consideration, while complementary optimizations at different levels avoid redundant and other irrelevant computations. We evaluate AstaFunk qualitatively and quantitatively using RNAseq in well-studied genes with AS, and on large-scale employing entire transcriptomes. Our study confirms complementary reports that the effect of most AS events on the proteome seems to be rather limited, but our results also pinpoint several cases where AS could have a major impact on the function of a protein domain.

Availability and implementation
The JAVA implementation of AstaFunk is available as an open source project on http://astafunk.sammeth.net.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.