bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong, healable materials with bio‐like ordered architectures and versatile functionality
Authors: Li Xinkai , Wang Yuyan , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe capacity of biological tissues to undergo self‐healing is crucial for the performance of functions and the continuation of life. Conventional intrinsic self‐healing materials demonstrate analogous functionality depending on the dissociation‐recombination of reversible bonds with no need of extra repair agents. However, the trade‐off relationship between mechanical strength and self‐healing kinetics in intrinsic self‐healing systems, coupled with the lack of additional functionality, restricts their service life and practical applications. Diversified highly ordered structures in organisms significantly affect the energy dissipation mechanism, signal transmission efficiency, and molecular network reconstruction capability due to their multi‐dimensional differentiated macroscopic composite constructions, microscopic orientation textures, and topologies/bonding types at molecular level. These architectures exhibit distinctive strengthening mechanisms and functionalities, which provide valuable references. This review aims at providing the current status of advanced intrinsic self‐healing materials with biomimetic highly ordered internal micro/nanostructures. Through highlighting specific examples, the classifications, design inspirations, and fabrication strategies of these newly developed materials based on integrating dynamic interactions with ordered nano/microstructures are outlined. Furthermore, the strengthening and self‐healing balance mechanisms, structure–functionalization relationships, and potential application values are discussed. The review concludes with a perspective on the challenges, opportunities, and prospects for the development, application, and promotion of self‐healable materials with bio‐like ordered architectures.
Going Beyond Woodward and Hoffmann's Electrocyclizations and Cycloadditions: Sigmatropic Rearrangements**
Authors: Seeman Jeffrey I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOn June 1, 1965, R. B. Woodward and Roald Hoffmann published their third communication in the Journal of the American Chemical Society in which they applied orbital symmetry control to explain the mechanism of a wide variety of valence isomerizations that they termed “sigmatropic reactions.” This publication reveals the research trajectory taken by Hoffmann from which this portion of the no‐mechanism problem was solved. Hoffmann used five different quantum chemical tools, all based on either extended Hückel theoretical calculations or frontier molecular orbital theory, in his research. Hoffmann′s laboratory notebooks and his three draft manuscripts along with Woodward′s four subsequent drafts have survived the past 59 years and provide an excellent window into the thinking and manuscript‐writing processes used by these Nobel laureates in February‐April 1965.
Formaldehyde as Preservative for Fish and Seafood: A Boon or a Bane
Authors: Nayak Susri , Nayak Pratyusha , Saha Shubhajit , Patnaik Lipika , Nayak Subhashree , Pradhan Smruti Prajna , Sharma Sthitaprajna Nath , Muduli Nishigandha 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThree billion people globally rely on fish and other seafood as a significant source of animal protein. Despite being deemed illegal due to its ability to cause cancer, mutagenesis, and tumor development, formaldehyde is still in use to extend the shelf life of different fish and shellfish, which indicates the failure of awareness among people. Formaldehyde is categorized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group‐I human carcinogen. Therefore, we try to summarize the chemistry of formaldehyde, its illegal addition in various food materials leading to adverse health conditions followed by its evaluation at physiological and histological levels in our review with the help of data collected from various research papers, newspaper articles, and online data. We have also highlighted on various environmental factors that play a role in altering the levels of formaldehyde in various food materials. This review also gives an insight into various rules and regulations made to limit the usage of formaldehyde in fish and other seafood at both national and international levels. Our review will help to generate awareness among common people, the establishment of much stronger rules, and regulations on usage of formaldehyde, and finding an alternative for preservation of fish and other food materials.
Pseudoentropy sum rule by analytical continuation of the superposition parameter
Authors: Guo Wu-zhong , Jiang Yao-zong , Xu Jin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we establish a sum rule that connects the pseudoentropy and entanglement entropy of the superposition state. Through analytical continuation of the superposition parameter, we demonstrate that the transition matrix and density matrix of the superposition state can be treated in a unified manner. Within this framework, we naturally derive sum rules for the (reduced) transition matrix, pseudo-Rényi entropy, and pseudoentropy. Furthermore, we demonstrate the close relationship between the sum rule for pseudoentropy and the singularity structure of the entropy function for the superposition state after analytical continuation. We also explore potential applications of the sum rule, including its relevance to understanding the gravity dual of non-Hermitian transition matrices and establishing upper bounds for the absolute value of pseudoentropy.
SModelS v3: going beyond $$ \mathcal{Z} $$2 topologies
Authors: Altakach Mohammad Mahdi , Kraml Sabine , Lessa Andre , Narasimha Sahana , Pascal Timothée , Ramos Camila , Villamizar Yoxara , Waltenberger Wolfgang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
SModelS is a public tool for fast reinterpretation of LHC searches for new physics based on a large database of simplified model results. While previous versions were limited to models with a $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_2 $$

Z
2

-type symmetry, such as R-parity conserving supersymmetry, version 3 can now handle arbitrary signal topologies. To this end, the tool was fully restructured and now relies on a graph-based description of simplified model topologies. In this work, we present the main conceptual changes and novel features of SModelS v3, together with the inclusion of new experimental searches for resonant production of spin-1 and spin-0 mediators with decays to quarks or to dark matter. Applying these results to a model containing two mediators, we discuss the interplay of resonance and missing energy searches, and the model’s coverage by the currently available simplified model results.
Effective theory tower for μ → e conversion
Authors: Haxton Wick , McElvain Kenneth , Menzo Tony , Rule Evan , Zupan Jure 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present theoretical predictions for μ → e conversion rates using a tower of effective field theories connecting the UV to nuclear physics scales. The interactions in nuclei are described using a recently developed nonrelativistic effective theory (NRET) that organizes contributions according to bound nucleon and muon velocities, $$ {\overrightarrow{v}}_N $$

v
→

N

and $$ {\overrightarrow{v}}_{\mu } $$

v
→

μ

, with $$ \left|{\overrightarrow{v}}_N\right| $$

v
→

N

>$$ \left|{\overrightarrow{v}}_{\mu}\right| $$

v
→

μ

. To facilitate the top-down matching, we enlarge the set of Lorentz covariant nucleon-level interactions mapped onto the NRET operators to include those mediated by tensor interactions, in addition to the scalar and vector interactions already considered previously, and then match NRET nonperturbatively onto the Weak Effective Theory (WET). At the scale μ ≈ 2 GeV WET is formulated in terms of u, d, s quarks, gluons and photons as the light degrees of freedom, along with the flavor-violating leptonic current. We retain contributions from WET operators up to dimension 7, which requires the full set of 26 NRET operators. The results are encoded in the open-source Python- and Mathematica-based software suite MuonBridge, which we make available to the theoretical and experimental communities interested in μ → e conversion.
Tautological rings of fake quaternionic spaces
Authors: Prigge Nils 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The tautological ring

$$R^*(M)$$

R
∗

(
M
)

of a smooth manifold M is the ring of characteristic classes generated by the Miller–Morita–Mumford classes, and is often more accessible than the ring of all characteristic classes of smooth M-bundles. In this paper, we introduce a new method to obtain upper bounds on the Krull dimension of

$$R^*(M)$$

R
∗

(
M
)

for manifolds homotopy equivalent to a fixed, simply connected Poincaré duality space by using recent progress in rational homotopy theory and the family signature theorem. In particular, we show that the Krull dimension of the tautological ring vanishes for almost all manifolds homotopy equivalent to

$$\mathbb {H}P^2$$

H

P
2

.
Derivation of the Sagnac (Earth-rotation) correction and analysis of its accuracy for GNSS applications
Authors: Hu Wang , Farrell Jay A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobal Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications require computation of the geometric range between the satellite vehicle at the time-of-signal transmission and the receiver antenna location at the time-of-signal reception. This computation requires attention to the frames of reference due to the rotation of the Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) frame during the time-of-signal propagation. Three range computation approaches are commonplace and will be discussed herein. The first is the Global Positioning System Interface Control Document recommendation to rotate the ECEF frames to a common reference time. The other two are forms of the Sagnac correction. The Sagnac derivations already in the literature are either limited to stationary receivers or lack the connection between the Earth-centered inertial (ECI) and ECEF frames. Neither form of the Sagnac correction exactly reproduces the geometric range. They are approximations. The literature does not currently contain an analysis of the error involved in using either form of the Sagnac correction. This article makes two contributions: (1) it presents derivations for both forms of the Sagnac correction that are valid for moving receivers and that maintain the connection between the ECI and ECEF frames; and (2) it analyzes the error of the Sagnac correction for orbits of different radius. The analysis shows that Sagnac corrections introduce range errors less than $$7.57\times 10^{-4}$$

7.57
×

10

-
4

meters for GNSS satellites at medium Earth orbit.
Improved Statistics for F-theory Standard Models
Authors: Bies Martin , Cvetič Mirjam , Donagi Ron , Ong Marielle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMuch of the analysis of F-theory-based Standard Models boils down to computing cohomologies of line bundles on matter curves. By varying parameters one can degenerate such matter curves to singular ones, typically with many nodes, where the computation is combinatorial and straightforward. The question remains to relate the (a priori possibly smaller) value on the original curve to the singular one. In this work, we introduce some elementary techniques (pruning trees and removing interior edges) for simplifying the resulting nodal curves to a small collection of terminal ones that can be handled directly. When applied to the QSMs, these techniques yield optimal results in the sense that obtaining more precise answers would require currently unavailable information about the QSM geometries. This provides us with an opportunity to enhance the statistical bounds established in earlier research regarding the absence of vector-like exotics on the quark-doublet curve.
Viscous and turbulent stress measurements above and below laboratory wind waves
Authors: Tenhaus Janina , Buckley Marc P. , Matt Silvia , Savelyev Ivan B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The influence of wind stress, wind drift, and wind-wave (microscale) breaking on the coupled air–sea boundary layer is poorly understood. We performed high-resolution planar and stereo velocity measurements within the first micrometers to centimeters above and below surface gravity waves at the University of Miami’s SUSTAIN air–sea interaction facility. A particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was adapted and installed in the large (18 m long, 6 m wide) wind-wave tunnel at a fetch of approximately 10 m. In addition, wave field properties were captured by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). Experiments were conducted with wind waves and wind over mechanically generated swell. In this work, we focus on rather smooth, young, wind-generated waves. We present instantaneous velocity and vorticity fields above and below the air–water interface for the same wind-wave conditions. Both instantaneous and phase-averaged fields show strong along-wave modulations in viscous stress. For steeper waves, we observe airflow separation and increased negative turbulent stress below crests, accompanied by sporadic drops in viscous stress below zero. We describe the wave-induced modulations of the airflow structure as well as the wind-induced water dynamics and discuss the importance of the viscous stress for the total momentum budget.

Graphic abstract
A decade of managing pediatric major traumatic vascular injuries: insights from a referral center
Authors: Ab. Rahman Norhafiza , von Delft Dirk , Numanoglu Alp , Mohammad Aidid Edre , Arnold Marion 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Incidence, management, and outcomes of pediatric vascular injuries secondary to non-iatrogenic trauma were reviewed over a decade in our institution.

Methods
A retrospective review of medical records (2013–2022) of major traumatic vascular injuries, focusing on injury profiles, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes.

Results
Thirty patients with 48 vessel injuries were included. Firearms were the leading mechanism, accounting for 43.3% (n = 13) of cases. We identified 29 arterial injuries and 19 venous injuries, with 30 (62.5%) of the overall injuries occurred in the lower extremities. Shock (17; 56.7%) and associated injuries (25; 83.3%) were common. Surgery was the most common management strategy. Autologous bypass graft was the most frequently performed procedure for arterial injuries (8; 42.1%), while ligation dominated in venous injuries (9; 64.3%). Blood transfusion requirements (24; 82.7%) and post-operative prescription of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents (12; 41.4%) were similar for arterial and venous injuries (p > 0.05). Three patients demised, resulting in a 90% survival rate. Neither the mechanism of injury, anatomical location, and presence of shock on arrival nor the baseline hemoglobin level served as predictors of mortality.

Conclusion
Intensive resuscitation with blood transfusion and prompt surgical intervention achieve favorable survival rates for pediatric traumatic vascular injuries. Optimal post-operative anticoagulant and antiplatelet regimens remain unclear.
Die 2024 ESC-Leitlinien zum Management von Vorhofflimmern
Authors: Wolfes Julian , Eckardt Lars 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie neue ESC-Leitlinie zum Management von Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern von 2024 führt den AF-CARE-Pfad als zentrales Akronym des Vorhofflimmermanagements ein. In diesem Zuge rückt das Management von Komorbiditäten (Comorbidities) und Risikofaktoren an die erste Stelle des Vorhofflimmermanagements. Aber auch bei der Schlaganfall- und Thromboembolie-Prophylaxe (Avoidance) zeigt die neue Leitlinie wichtige Änderungen, wie einen veränderten Risikoscore (CHA2DS2-VA) sowie eine Stellungnahme zur Antikoagulation bei subklinischem Vorhofflimmern. Ebenfalls finden sich Änderungen in den Konzepten der Rhythmus- und Frequenzkontrolle mit einer Aufwertung der Rhythmuskontrolle und der Katheterablation. Schlussendlich empfiehlt die Leitlinie eine regelmäßige Reevaluation des Patientenverlaufs zum optimalen Vorhofflimmermanagement. Diese Übersicht fasst die wesentlichen Neuerungen zusammen und diskutiert einige Empfehlungen zu Aspekten, die auch anders bewertet werden können.
Davydov-Moore vaginoplasty in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: sexual and surgical outcomes
Authors: Piróg Magdalena , Bednarczyk Magdalena , Barabasz Katarzyna , Kacalska-Janssen Olga , Jach Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare surgical and sexual outcomes after Davidov-Moore vaginoplasty in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH).

Methods
In the case-series study, we described seven women, at a median age of 22.6 ± and BMI 22.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2. We measured peri- and postsurgical parameters, including surgery-related neovaginal length and sexual initiation time. Sexual outcomes were measured using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before and 6 months after vaginoplasty.

Results
All surgical procedures were performed successfully, with one minor perioperative bleeding. The mean time of vaginoplasty was 82.1 min and the mean duration of hospitalization was six days. After a 6-month follow-up, vaginal length was 8.1-times longer than before surgery (10 vs. 81 mm). The time from the surgery to the initiation of vaginal intercourse was between 17 to 22 weeks. The mean FSFI score indicated good results, with no women below 23 score, and was 4.3- times higher when compared with the pre-surgical one (6.7 vs 29.1). Contrary to the FSFI score before surgery, the post-surgical FSFI revealed higher scores in all six different domains: desire (2.5-times), arousal (4.1-times), lubrication (3.8-times), orgasm (3.4-times), satisfaction (3.3-times) and comfort (11-times).

Conclusion
Laparoscopic Davydov-Moore vaginoplasty might be considered as a safe procedure with satisfactory anatomic and sexual outcomes. It should be considered as a treatment option for the creation of neovagina in women with MRKH.
Tackling soil erosion and contamination within the SDGs framework: a case study of the Erdenet copper-molybdenum mine
Authors: Sodnomdarjaa Enkhjargal , Lehmkuhl Frank , Karthe Daniel , Alekseenko Alexey V. , Knippertz Martin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mining operations in Mongolia have contributed significantly to national economic growth. However, the lack of adequate mine land rehabilitation practices has resulted in various forms of land degradation, including land cover change, soil erosion and contamination with heavy metals and metalloids. These issues have negatively affected ecosystems and posed potential risks to human health due to the interconnected relationships between land, water and human activities. This study focuses on the copper-molybdenum mining site of Erdenet, the oldest and one of the largest copper mines in Mongolia, to investigate the main drivers of soil degradation and evaluate effective rehabilitation strategies. By combining findings from our previous studies on soil erosion and contamination in the Erdenet area with a review of existing research, we assess key rehabilitation priorities. Taking a Nexus approach, this study explores the interconnections between environmental, economic and social sectors, emphasizing the importance of balancing mining activities with sustainable land management. The previous studies suggest that for the next 10–15 years, priorities should focus on tailings storage facility rehabilitation and soil contamination remediation, while longer-term goals include developing sustainable environmental management strategies that foster cooperation between mining corporations and local communities, enforce regulations and improve monitoring in the Erdenet mining area. The study aligns these priorities with the Sustainable Development Goals, offering science-based recommendations for managing soil erosion and reducing contamination.
Element analysis applied to investigate acute kidney injury induced by red yeast rice supplement
Authors: Abe Makoto , Ogawa Tadayuki , Magome Nobuyuki , Ono Yuko , Tojo Akihiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Silica nanoparticles are used in functional foods and tablets to increase drug stability and delivery. We investigated a patient with acute kidney injury with Fanconi syndrome after taking functional food tablets made from red yeast rice using low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) with an element analysis system. Kidney biopsy revealed proximal tubular necrosis and vacuolization with 10–20 nm black granules, which were similar to the silica nanoparticles found in the functional food tablets and urinary samples, as determined via LVSEM with element analysis. Reabsorbed silica nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in the kidney. Element analysis by LVSEM is useful to investigate a possible cause of acute tubular necrosis in patients with Fanconi syndrome.
Qualität rettungsdienstlicher Verdachtsdiagnosen und Dringlichkeitsbeurteilungen
Authors: Villis Marten , Henke Thomas J. , Thate Stefan , Christoph Jan , Seeger Insa 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel der Arbeit
Die Qualität rettungsdienstlicher Verdachtsdiagnosen und Dringlichkeitsbeurteilungen ohne notärztliche Beteiligung ist unzureichend erforscht. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Evaluierung dieser Parameter aus Einsätzen mit und ohne Notarztbeteiligung hinsichtlich ihrer Übereinstimmung mit klinischen Verlaufsdaten.

Methode
Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie für das Jahr 2019, in der präklinische, rettungsdienstliche Daten (Verdachtsdiagnosen, Sichtungskategorien) aus dem IVENA eHealth System mit klinischen Daten aus der Notaufnahme (ärztliche Diagnosen, ambulante oder stationäre Behandlung) des Evangelischen Krankenhauses Oldenburg (EVK) mittels Kreuztabellen und logistischer Regression verglichen und analysiert wurden.

Ergebnis
Aus 8443 IVENA-Anmeldungen für das EVK im Jahr 2019 wurde eine Zufallsstichprobe von 1150 Fällen gezogen, wovon 978 (85,0 %) in die Analyse der Verdachtsdiagnosen eingeschlossen werden konnten. 784 (82,1 %) der rettungsdienstlichen Verdachtsdiagnosen stimmten ganz oder teilweise mit den klinischen Diagnosen überein. In 150 (15,7 %) Fällen wurde die Verdachtsdiagnose nicht bestätigt, in 20 (2,1 %) Fällen wurden wichtige Symptome/Verletzungen übersehen. Das größte Risiko einer falschen Verdachtsdiagnose bestand bei Patienten aus Pflegeheimen (n = 28; 31,5 %; p < 0,001) und bei Patienten mit neurologischen Verdachtsdiagnosen (n = 76; 28,9 %; p < 0,001). Bei 1005 (87,3 %) Fällen lagen Angaben zur Dringlichkeitsbeurteilung vor, davon stimmten bei 714 (71,0 %) Fällen die Einschätzungen des Rettungsdienstpersonals mit der Behandlungsart (ambulant/stationär) überein. In 243 (24,2 %) Fällen wurde der Therapiebedarf überschätzt, in 48 (4,8 %) unterschätzt.

Diskussion
Unsere Studie zeigt trotz hoher Übereinstimmungen einen Verbesserungsbedarf des rettungsdienstlichen Qualitätsmanagements. Ein IT-gestütztes Feedbacksystem könnte Abhilfe schaffen.

Graphic abstract