bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Photodegradable Surface Modifiers Based on Phosphonic Acid for Introducing Functional Groups onto a Substrate and Application for Patterned Deposition of Gold Nano-Particulate Ink
Authors: Igari Takuma , Imamura Kana , Yasumura Kenta , Iwasa Tomoki , Sakakibara Kazuki , Yamaguchi Kazuo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Techniques for selective deposition of conductive inks, in particular metal nano-particulate inks, by using self-assembling monolayers (SAMs) mostly involve control of wettability with highly hydrophobic compounds. In this work, we focused on electrostatic interaction of metal nano-particles and investigated the influence of functional groups on the substrate upon selective deposition of metal nanoparticles. Surface modifiers bearing four kinds of functional groups (-OH, -NH2, -SH, -COOH) protected by a photodegradable 2-nitrobenzyl ester were synthesized and used to form SAMs on an indium tin oxide-coated glass substrate. UV-irradiation through a photomask generated the respective functional group in exposed regions. High-quality patterning of aqueous Au nano-particulate ink, which is negatively charged, was successfully achieved by spin coating onto amine-bearing SAMs. These results suggest the feasibility of micro-scale patterning based on electrostatic interaction between Au nano-particles and free amino groups introduced onto the substrate by photoirradiation-induced deprotection of surface-modifying agents.
Childsmile after 10 years part 1: background, theory and principles
Authors: Macpherson Lorna MD , Rodgers Jennifer , Conway David I 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Childsmile is the national child oral health improvement programme for Scotland. It was developed as pilots from 2006/7 in response to the public health challenge of poor child oral health. Childsmile recognizes the importance of the social determinants of health, and takes common risk factor and proportionate universal approaches to deliver complex multifaceted interventions in multiple settings and by multidisciplinary teams. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper describes the theory and principles associated with the development and implementation of Childsmile.
The oral implications of mental health disorders part 2: depression
Authors: Patel Nisma , Milward Michael 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: This is the second of two articles that look at the oral manifestations of mental health disorders. Part 1 focused on eating disorders, covering anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. It explained each condition, common associated habits and explored the possible oral signs and symptoms that may present. Part 2 concentrates on depression and its significant effect on the oral cavity. These articles aim to increase awareness of mental health disorders and highlight the importance of dental practitioners being able to recognize oral signs and symptoms of eating disorders so that appropriate referrals can be made. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Depression is an increasingly common affliction and therefore it is important for dental professionals to recognize the associated oral manifestations. An improved awareness of the condition and possible symptoms can aid diagnosis and appropriate management.
Management of the extraction socket and alveolar ridge preservation
Authors: Anderson William , Pye Andrew 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: An understanding of the changes which occur to the alveolar ridge following an extraction are important in the era of dental implants, and these changes can have a huge impact on the simplicity and invasiveness of dental implant treatment. It has been demonstrated that certain techniques and materials, utilized at the time of extraction, can modify the changes in the alveolar ridge, allowing idealized implant placement with minimal surgical interventions. Techniques for and evidence supporting alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) are presented.CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentists and specialists providing implant treatment, and referring patients for treatment, must be aware of implications of extraction and the resulting ridge volume loss.
Life-Threatening paediatric odontogenic cellulitis secondary to a partially erupted primary molar
Authors: Richardson Libby , Devalia Urshla 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: A 15-month-old male was admitted to hospital with a facial swelling of unknown origin which was of rapid onset over three hours, resulting in airway occlusion and septic shock. Ultimately, the swelling was found to be of odontogenic origin and was managed with high dose intra-venous antibiotics. Cellulitis of the face can be life-threatening and it is important to be aware of the clinical signs and ensure that the patient receives appropriate care to prevent deterioration. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is essential for dentists in primary and secondary care to recognize and understand how to manage or refer a patient with facial cellulitis, and also for medical teams to seek prompt dental input in cases of facial swelling with a possible dental cause.
Information Literacy Instruction Determining the Place of Library Professionals
Authors: Bapte Vishal Dattatray 
Published: February 2019

The present article is a review of information literacy (IL) outlook in the present academic perspective. The conceptual evolvement of the concept IL stands for wide attention it has got by the theorists. The paper discusses as how from the traditional bibliographical instruction, it has been advanced as a tool for library and information professionals to streamline the profession and their position. Although the term exist with different tags, it’s worth and performance has been considered more essential than the nomenclature. While being an integral part of formal education system, library professionals have to play dominant role in imparting informal education also. Yet the expected outcome of IL can only be achieved with the collaborative endeavor of library professionals and teaching staff. The existing models of information literacy instruction (ILI) have also been highlighted along with brief overview of information literacy content. Since IL is the basic pre-requisite of lifelong learning, the article exhorts international, national and local governments should have information policies and strategies with emphasis on assessment. ILIAC model developed by Oakleaf is noteworthy in this respect. Library professionals are predictable to play a key role in extending cognitive abilities of the users to make IL to be a great success. As such a brief review of their expected role is undertaken.
Control, supervisión y representación matemática de un proceso de biodigestión anaerobia para la biomasa de contenido ruminal bovino
Authors: Pulido Aponte Álvaro Ervey , Rivera Escobar Hernán Mauricio , Espitia Pardo Jhon Jairo 
Published: February 2019

Contexto: En Colombia, el contenido rumial bovino (CRB) es vertido generalmente a los cauces de agua y campos a cielo abierto y, dada su alta carga orgánica, su disposición final representa una amenaza de tipo ambiental, económica y social. A la fecha, es limitada la implementación de tecnologías que permitan reducir el impacto debido en parte a la escasa caracterización del CRB, información que es requerida para la construcción de modelos matemáticos de digestión anaerobia que expliquen la reducción de este bio-sólido; por otro lado, la restringida aplicación de sistemas de control y supervisión enfocados a la generación de subproductos con potencial aprovechamiento energético también constituye un motivo.
Objetivo: Documentar los métodos utilizados en el desarrollo de un sistema de control y supervisión de temperatura y presión para un biodigestor discontinuo a escala de laboratorio con biomasa CRB.
Métodos: Se realizó la implementación de un sistema de adquisición distribuida de señales y una interfaz de servidor web; se identificó un modelo dinámico correspondiente al comportamiento del sistema de digestión anaerobia para esta biomasa CRB.
Resultados: Se logró caracterizar, mediante gravimetría y calorimetría, variables asociadas al sistema de digestión anaerobia con CRB. Frente al control, el controlador on-off mantuvo la presión del gas en el rango deseado y el controlador PI garantizó la temperatura deseada del proceso.
Conclusión: Fue posible generar biogás a partir de biomasa CRB desde esquemas básicos de caracterización, supervisión y control del proceso.
For the love of modernity: adventures of the novel or trails of the genre in the second half of the 19th century<p>Modernite aşkına: Türkçe romanın sergüzeşti yahut XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında türün izini sürmek
Authors: Karakoç İrfan 
Published: February 2019

During the second half of the 19th century, while the Ottoman press, publishing and literary platforms were flourishing, a need for a more “practical” language of writing arose to convey ideas, and there was a great need to have a new, a more practical language while writing. A language that can convey an idea, a language that can produce information, and a writing style that can spread both. This need for a new language is emphasized by the prominent figures of “New Literature”, and to these writers and prominent figures in the Ottoman state novel as a genre seemed promising for the modernization of Ottoman society as a whole.This article is focusing on the novel’s function during the second half of the 19th century. At the centre of the matter is the reaction of Ottoman –Turkish intelligentsia to the new genre. The article is trying to depict the relationship between classical forms and the new genre and how writers were motivated to merge and create a local novel genre. While doing that we will be mentioning why and how this new genre made local by the names, such as sergüzeşt and hikaye and it’s communication with the “acaib u garaib – supernatural stories” of the Middle Eastern classical literature.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetOsmanlı basın ve edebiyat ortamının 1850’lerden sonra hareketlenmeye başlamasının da etkisiyle, edebiyatın fikri, düşünceyi ifade edebilecek, bilgi üretecek ve onu yayacak bir “yazı dili”ne ihtiyacı açık bir şekilde anlaşılmıştır. Bu ihtiyaç, “yeni edebiyat”ın önemli temsilcileri ve modernleşmeye çalışan devletin yöneticileri tarafından da sıklıkla vurgulanmıştır. İşte bu yönetici/yazarlar, modernleşmek için ihtiyaç duydukları bu yeni dili, çok yönlü bir şekilde kullanabilecekleri bir araç olan romanla kurabileceklerini fark etmişlerdir.Türün XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaki serüvenine odaklanan bu çalışmada, işte bu yazı dilinin Osmanlı-Türk edebiyatında yazar, okur, matbuat yani edebiyat kamusu tarafından nasıl algılandığı üzerinde düşünülecektir. Makalede, doğayı, insanı, toplumu anlatan romanın, Osmanlı edebiyatına girişine kadar dolaşımda olan hikâye etme pratikleriyle olan ilişkisi de göz önünde bulundurulacaktır. Ayrıca, bu ilişkinin edebiyat tarihi araştırmalarında yorumlanma tarzı, türe gösterilen davranış kalıpları Osmanlı-Türkiye modernleşme refleksleri üzerinden tartışılacaktır. Bu bağlamda türün sergüzeşt, hikâye kelimeleriyle yerelleştirilmesi, ahlâkı temel alan bir yapıyla yazılması ve Ortadoğu klasik edebiyatlarında görülen “acâib ü gâraib” anlatılarıyla bağlantısı tartışılacaktır.
ANALISIS PENGATURAN TAP TRAFO PADA PT PJB INDRAMAYU 3X300 MW MENGGUNAKAN METODE PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) UNTUK MEREDUKSI RUGI DAYA
Authors: Amalina Lisa , Warsito Agung , Handoko Susatyo 
Published: February 2019

Pada sistem tenaga listrik terdapat beberapa penyebab yang dapat mempengaruhi nilai rugi daya antara lain panjang jaringan, diameter penghantar, pembebanan kapasitas trafo. Berdasarkan SPLN 72: 1986, besar nilai rugi daya pada suatu jaringan adalah sebesar maksimal 5%. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk meminimalisir nilai rugi daya adalah dengan pengaturan nilai tap trafo pada trafo. Pada PT PJB Indramayu,terdapat 23 buah trafo permakaian sendiri. Rugi sistem rata-rata adalah sebesar 5%. Dalam tugas akhir ini, pengoptimalan pengaturan Tap trafo dilakukan dengan simulasi menggunakan metode Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dibantu menggunakan software MATLAB 2014a. Metode optimasi menggunakan PSO ini didasarkan pada perilaku sebuah kawanan burung. Simulasi ini dilaksanakan dengan cara pengaturan Tap trafo pada masing masing trafo. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan dengan pengaturan tap trafo pada semua trafo pada PT PJB Indramayu nilai rugi daya turun dari 20.7946 MW menjadi 20.7901MW.
METODA KONTRASTYWNA I KRYTERIA TEKSTUALNOŚCI W PRZEKŁADZIE TEKSTÓW PRAWNICZYCH
Authors: BIELAWSKI Paweł 
Published: February 2019

This paper focuses on legal translation. First, the author defines legal texts and points to particular responsibility related with legal translation resulting from the status of these texts. Turning to the aspects of translation, the author underlines the boundness of each legal system to the country it is in force. At the same time, he points to the conceptual and terminological uniqueness resulting from this boundness. Against this backdrop, the premisses of, both, the comparative law and comparative terminology are presented. With regard to legal translation the similarities and differences existing between both comparative approaches are stated. In the final step, the author points to the importance of seven standards of textuality in legal translation. The purpose of the present paper is to emphasize the importance of the comparative approach and of the textuality for legal translation. The Author stresses here these aspects of translation which allow the target text to become a functional equivalent to the source text.
Temporal Parameters of Spontaneous Speech in Forensic Speaker Identification in Case of Language Mismatch: Serbian as L1 and English as L2
Authors: TOMIĆ Kristina 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the research is to examine the possibility of forensic speaker identification if question and suspect sample are in different languages using temporal parameters (articulation rate, speaking rate, degree of hesitancy, percentage of pauses, average pause duration). The corpus includes 10 female native speakers of Serbian who are proficient in English. The parameters are tested using Bayesian likelihood ratio formula in 40 same-speaker and 360 different-speaker pairs, including estimation of error rates, equal error rates and Overall Likelihood Ratio. One-way ANOVA is performed to determine whether inter-speaker variability is higher than intra- speaker variability across languages. The most successful discriminant is degree of hesitancy with ER of 42.5%/28%, (EER: 33%), followed by average pause duration with ER 35%/45.56%, (EER: 40%). Although the research features a closed-set comparison, which is not very common in forensic reality, the results are still relevant for forensic phoneticians working on criminal cases or as expert witnesses. This study pioneers in forensically comparing Serbian and English as well as in forensically testing temporal parameters on bilingual speakers. Further research should focus on comparing two stress-timed or two syllable-timed languages to test whether they will be more comparable in terms of temporal aspects of speech.
Eine Division des Papstes?
Authors: Becker Rainald 
Published: February 2019

Riassunto
Dopo la Riforma, Baviera divenne il primo interlocutore tedesco della Curia romana a livello religioso, politico e culturale. Le relazioni con la Santa Sede erano ispirate dalla cattolicità programmatica dei Wittelsbach. La special relationship si manifestava, inoltre, in una lunga tradizione diplomatica inaugurata all’inizio del Seicento su spinta del papato. Durante la Guerra dei Trent’anni gli intensi contatti si estesero anche al campo militare. La Curia romana vide nel duca Massimiliano l’incontestata guida dell’armata cattolica, definendola la „colonna della religione cattolica“ nel Sacro Impero Romano. Promuovere gli interessi del principe tedesco (sussidi per il finanziamento dell’esercito e l’acquisizione dell’elettorato in perpetuo per la Baviera), era tra i primi obiettivi della concezione strategica del papato. Il carteggio della Nunziatura di Vienna, di cui la quarta serie per gli anni tra 1628 e 1635 è consultabile tuttora, mette in luce queste tendenze in favore della Baviera. Nelle corrispondenze curiali si delinea, essenzialmente, il tentativo di attribuire a quel territorio la qualità di Stato, termine in cui si esprime l’idea centrale del discorso politico, ma anche giuridico dell’epoca. Dalla parte della Curia romana, la strategia di state-building si ricollegò all’ambizione di assegnare un posto primario alla Baviera nel sistema geopolitico europeo („unione delle corone cattoliche“ sotto il patrocinio del papa come „padre comune“).
Investigating the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with patellofemoral pain in the UK: the Dep-Pf Study
Authors: Wride James , Bannigan Katrina 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common knee condition causing pain around or behind the kneecap which is exacerbated by certain activities. Traditionally it has been viewed as a self-limiting condition. Recent research proves this is not the case and the evidence for poor long-term outcomes is growing. Whilst the evidence base for PFP treatment and the understanding of its aetiology is improving, it remains a complex and difficult to treat condition. In many physical conditions, it has been shown that anxiety and depression negatively affect both their management and duration. It is unclear how prevalent anxiety and depression are in PFP. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with PFP in the UK.

Methods
In order to investigate this, a cross-sectional online survey was undertaken. Four hundred participants with self-reported symptoms of PFP were recruited through a tailored social media campaign, using modified snowball sampling. Eligibility criteria were (i) aged between 18 and 44, (ii) self-reported symptoms of PFP (using accepted criteria) (iii) resident in the UK. Exclusion criteria were previous history of patella dislocation or previous surgery to affected knee. The survey recorded demographic information, previous treatment for both PFP and anxiety and depression, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Anterior Knee Pain Scale. Ethical approval was gained from a University of Plymouth Ethics Committee.

Results
Half (49.5%; n=198) of respondents were classified as experiencing anxiety and 20.8% (n=83) as experiencing depression. The levels of anxiety and depression identified in this study are higher than those found in the general population (5.9–7.8% and 3.3–7.8%, respectively). This mirrors results which have been reported in other studies into PFP in different settings and with other musculoskeletal conditions, such as osteoarthritis and contracted shoulder.

Conclusions
Anxiety and depression are more common in people living with PFP than in the general population. These findings support the need for greater research into the effects of psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, in PFP. A key area of future research will be to determine whether these psychological factors affect treatment outcomes in people living with PFP.

Implications
This is the first study to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with patellofemoral pain in the UK. This study shows that anxiety and depression are very common in people living with patellofemoral pain. The need for further work into the effects of psychological factors in patellofemoral pain is indicated.
Effects of Rituximab on JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Dalmızrak Ayşegül , Günel Nur Selvi , Tezcanlı Kaymaz Burçin , Şahin Fahri , Saydam Güray , Kosova Buket 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the B-lymphocyte surface antigen CD20. It is used in the treatment of some diseases including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). There are a lot of data regarding effect of Rituximab on lymphoma cells. But, there is no satisfactory information about the effect of Rituximab on the signaling pathways in leukemia cells. In this study, it was aimed to understand the effect of Rituximab on JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and B-CLL.

Material and methods
Apoptotic effect of Rituximab in the TANOUE (B-ALL) and EHEB (B-CLL) cell lines were evaluated by using the Annexin V method. mRNA expression levels of STAT3 and RelA were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR (Q-PCR). Alterations in STAT3 and RelA protein expressions were detected by using a chromogenic alkaline phosphatase assay after Western Blotting.

Results
Rituximab had no apoptotic effect on both cell lines. Complement-mediated cytotoxicity was only detected in EHEB cells. mRNA and protein expressions of STAT3 and RelA genes were decreased following Rituximab treatment.

Conclusion
Our preliminary results suggest that the use of Rituximab might be effective in B-ALL though both signaling pathways.
Coloring in the ZrBeSi-type structure
Authors: Matar Samir F. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The ZrBeSi type is a superstructure variant of the aristotype AlB2 with an ordering of the beryllium and silicon atoms on the boron network. Every other layer of Be3Si3 hexagons is rotated by 60°, leading to an ABAB stacking sequence and a sandwich-like coordination of zirconium by two Be3Si3 hexagons. The ZrBeSi type shows a pronounced coloring on its three crystallographic sites. Among the numerous compounds are electron-precise Zintl phases in the field of tetrelides, pnictides and chalcogenides, selenide hydrides and fluorides as well as intermetallic compounds. A variety of element combinations leads to distinctly differing c/a ratios and different bonding patterns. Several compounds are rather isopointal than isotypic. The present work focuses on a crystal chemical description of selected ZrBeSi related compounds and the results of theoretical studies for evaluating the bonding peculiarities. From quantum theory (DFT) based investigations, the trends of charge transfer according to Bader’s AIM theory have been established. These are in general agreement with the course of the electronegativities. For the prototype ZrBeSi, the main characteristics are illustrated through the electron localization function, manifesting the sp
2-like planar hybridization for the silicon atoms. The site-projected densities of states PDOS of a series of compounds underline a continuous trend from metallic (e.g. ZrBeSi) to semi-conducting (e.g. LiBC) compounds in agreement with the observed electron exchanges.