bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to guidelines for the referral of patients with colorectal cancer and abnormal tumour tissue testing for assessment of Lynch syndrome
Authors: Han Julian , Spigelman Allan D. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundTo determine the proportion of patients with colorectal cancer and abnormal immunohistochemistry testing of tumour tissue who were referred to a cancer genetic clinic for genetic counselling and possible germline testing of a blood sample for Lynch syndrome.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of patients with colorectal cancer and abnormal immunohistochemistry tumour tissue testing from St Vincent's Hospital (between November 2007 and December 2016). Patient list was compared against a state‐wide database TrakGene to ascertain the overall referral rate for these patients.ResultsOf 216 patients, the total referral rate was 33.8% (n = 73), of which 27.8% (n = 60) were referred to St Vincent's Hospital's Cancer Genetics Service, 6% (n = 13) were referred externally and the remaining 66.2% (n = 143) were not referred. Binomial regression analysis performed displayed that age influenced likelihood of referral, where patients were 7.7% more likely to be referred for every decreasing year in age (P = 0.0004). Some clinicians were 4.3 times more likely to refer patients compared to others (P = 0.002).ConclusionSuboptimal patient uptake for cancer genetics evaluation was found. Identifying barriers to patient referral should lead to changes that increase patient referrals. This will ensure that patients receive adequate education, counselling and management of Lynch syndrome. It would also allow for the identification of further at‐risk relatives for whom preventative strategies can be employed. In addition, identification of relatives not at risk by genetic testing will liberate them from unnecessary colonoscopies. Discussion with the clinicians involved has since allowed for copies of the immunohistochemistry results to be forwarded by the Pathology Department to the Cancer Genetics Unit for checking and follow up with the clinician to ensure that their patients are aware of the result and have been offered referral for cancer genetic evaluation. This process is subject to ongoing audit.
Prevalence and clinical significance of regional lymphadenectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Anli , Xiao Weikai , Ju Weiqiang , Liao Yuan , Chen Maogen , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wu Chenglin , He Xiaoshun 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundA limited amount of literature involves the clinical significance of regional lymphadenectomy during operations on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Our study aims to explore regional lymphadenectomy rate and node‐positive rate, as well as their clinicopathological relevance and prognostic values in patients with HCC receiving liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT).MethodsPatients with HCC who received LR or LT and were diagnosed from 2004 to 2013 were retrieved from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. A total of 6367 patients with staging and regional lymphadenectomy information was included.ResultsThe regional lymphadenectomy rates were 14.3% and 28.6% in patients receiving LR and LT, respectively. Additionally, the rate of LT patients increased from 21.3% to 33.3% in the 2004–2013 time period. In patients with regional lymphadenectomy, node‐positive rates were 8.4% and 0.9% in LR and LT patients, respectively. Regional lymphadenectomy was conducted relatively non‐specifically in patients receiving LT compared with those receiving LR by analysing its clinicopathological relevance. Furthermore, regional lymphadenectomy did not improve prognosis in the general population or any subgroup.ConclusionThere was a disparity between high regional lymphadenectomy rate and extremely low node‐positive rate in patients with HCC receiving LT, which requires further improvement in future clinical practice.
One‐year clinical outcomes with biologics in Crohn's disease: transmural healing compared with mucosal or no healing
Authors: Castiglione Fabiana , Imperatore Nicola , Testa Anna , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , Nardone Olga Maria , Pellegrini Lucienne , Caporaso Nicola , Rispo Antonio 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundWhile mucosal healing has been proved to predict relevant clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease (CD), little is known about the long‐term significance of transmural healing.AimsTo prospectively assess the 1‐year clinical outcomes in CD patients achieving transmural healing following treatment with biologics, and to compare them with those in patients reaching only mucosal healing or no healing.MethodsObservational longitudinal study, evaluating 1‐year outcomes in terms of steroid‐free clinical remission, rate of hospitalisation and need for surgery in a group of CD patients treated with anti‐tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha for 2 years. Bowel sonography was used in all patients to determine transmural healing.ResultsOf 218 patients who completed a 2‐year treatment course with anti‐TNF alpha, 68 (31.2%) presented transmural (plus mucosal) healing (bowel wall thickness ≤3 mm at bowel sonography), 60 (27.5%) mucosal healing only, and 90 (41.3%) did not achieve any intestinal healing. Transmural healing was associated with a higher rate of steroid‐free clinical remission (95.6%), lower rates of hospitalisation (8.8%) and need for surgery (0%) at 1 year compared to mucosal (75%, 28.3% and 10%, respectively) and no healing (41%, 66.6% and 35.5%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, transmural healing was associated with longer intervals until clinical relapse (HR, hazard ratio 0.87, P = 0.01), hospitalisation (HR 0.88, P = 0.002) and surgery (HR 0.94, P = 0.008) than mucosal healing. Also among patients discontinuing treatment with biologics, transmural healing predicted better clinical outcomes at 1 year than mucosal healing (P = 0.01).ConclusionsTransmural healing is an ambitious and powerful treatment goal associated, to a greater extent than mucosal healing, with improvement of all clinical outcomes. Additionally, transmural healing is associated with better long‐term clinical outcomes than mucosal healing also after discontinuation of biologics.
Effects of feeding condensed barley distillers soluble on growth rate, ruminal fermentation, plasma metabolites, and myofiber properties of the longissimus thoracis muscle in Japanese Black calves
Authors: Tsuruoka Katsuhiko , Kurahara Takami , Kanamaru Hidenobu , Takahashi Hideyuki , Gotoh Takafumi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of condensed barley distillers soluble (CBDS) on growth rate, rumen fermentation, plasma metabolite, and myofiber properties, and gene expression related to metabolism in the skeletal muscles of Japanese Black calves, compared with soybean meal and corn. Twenty‐four calves were divided into four groups: fed 5% CBDS based on the hay dry matter weight (low CBDS) and fed soybean meal and corn at the same nutrition level (control); and fed 15% CBDS based on the hay dry matter weight (high CBDS) and fed soybean meal and corn at the same nutrition level (high soy). The daily gain was larger in the low (p = 0.08) and high (p < 0.05) CBDS groups compared with the control group. In the CBDS‐fed groups, plasma β‐hydroxybutyric acid concentrations were significantly higher at 6 months of age (p < 0.05), the percentage of type I myofibers was significantly lower and their diameters were significantly larger at 9 months of age (p < 0.05), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b mRNA expression was significantly lower (p < 0.05) and citrate synthase mRNA expression tended to be lower (low; p = 0.06, high; p = 0.05) compared with control group. Thus, feeding CBDS promotes growth and leads to animals with more glycolytic and less oxidative muscle metabolism.
Giant sublacustrine landslide in the Cretaceous Songliao Basin, NE China
Authors: Pan Shuxin , Liu Caiyan , Li Xiangbo , Liang Sujuan , Chen Qilin , Zhang Wenting , Zhang Shuncun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMass failure deposits in lacustrine settings are some of the most understudied facies associations in the ancient or modern rock record. We integrated seismic data and well logs to investigate the external morphology, internal architecture and deformation and reservoir distribution of the sublacustrine landslides in the Cretaceous Nengjiang Formation of the Songliao Basin (SLB). A large‐scale sublacustrine landslide, named the Qi‐Jia sublacustrine landslide (QJSL), has been identified in the Nengjiang Formation of the SLB. The QJSL is currently the largest known sublacustrine landslide in the world. This landslide covers an area that exceeds 300 km2, with an estimated volume of 30 km3. Seismic imaging and mapping reveal that the QJSL can be recognized by several distinguishing seismic characteristics: discontinuous and internal chaotic seismic facies, compressional structures in the downslope region, irregular top and basal surfaces and erosional grooves in basal shear surfaces. The QJSL is 20–200 m thick, and is composed of a succession of fine‐grained deposits. Sandy layers are present but sparse and thinner than 16 m, and form reservoirs of the petroleum discoveries in this area. Our analyses show that the mechanism that triggered the collapse of the QJSL is attributed to rapid deposition and deltaic progradation. This study demonstrates that sand‐rich sublacustrine landslides formed at delta front slope can serve as conventional reservoirs in the lake centre, and provide a new target for subaqueous hydrocarbon exploration and development.
Effect of different doses of inhaled ciclesonide on lung function, clinical signs related to airflow limitation and serum cortisol levels in horses with experimentally induced mild to severe airway obstruction
Authors: Lavoie J.‐P. , Bullone M. , Rodrigues N. , Germim P. , Albrecht B. , von Salis‐Soglio M. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundInhaled corticosteroids are effective for the treatment of equine asthma but they induce cortisol suppression with potential side effects.ObjectivesTo study the efficacy of ciclesonide, an inhaled corticosteroid with an improved safety profile, on lung function, clinical signs related to airway obstruction, and serum cortisol levels in asthmatic horses exposed to a mouldy hay challenge.Study designCross‐over placebo controlled, blinded, randomised experiment.MethodsSixteen horses were enrolled in three subsequent dose‐titration studies (8 horses/study) to investigate the effects of inhaled ciclesonide administered for 2 weeks at doses ranging from 450 to 2700 μg twice daily or 3712.5 μg once daily. Systemic dexamethasone (0.066 mg/kg per os) was our positive control. A placebo group was also studied. Lung function and clinical scores were blindly performed before and after 7 and 14 days of treatment. Serum cortisol was measured before and after 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 days of treatment as well as 3 and 7 days post treatment.ResultsAfter 7 days, dexamethasone induced a significant reduction in pulmonary resistance (from 2.5 ± 0.6 at day 0 to 1.1 ± 0.7 cm H2O/L/s), pulmonary elastance (5.0 ± 2.6 to 1.2 ± 1.0 cm H2O/L), and of the weighted clinical score (14.8 ± 4.7 to 8.0 ± 4.4). Similarly, ciclesonide 1687.5 μg twice daily significantly improved pulmonary resistance (2.7 ± 1.1 to 1.6 ± 0.8 cm H2O/L/s), pulmonary elastance (5.2 ± 3.1 to 2.2 ± 1.3 cm H2O/L), and weighted clinical score (13 ± 2.9 to 10.8 ± 4.2). Serum cortisol suppression (<50 nmol/L) systematically occurred with dexamethasone from day 3 of treatment up to day 3 post treatment, but not with ciclesonide at any tested doses. Placebo did not exert any significant beneficial effect.Main limitationsExperimentally induced asthma exacerbations in horses might respond differently to treatment than naturally occurring exacerbations.ConclusionsInhaled ciclesonide is an effective treatment for horses with equine asthma. Serum cortisol was unaffected by treatment.
Comparing the clinical success rate of the dorsolateral approach to the medial approach for injection of the centrodistal joint in the horse
Authors: Hoaglund E. L. , Seabaugh K. A. , Selberg K. T. , Hess A. , Bass L. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundCentrodistal joint injection is an important component of lameness evaluation and treatment. Successful injection is poor for the medial approach. The dorsolateral approach is an alternative but has not been validated with contrast medium. Radiograph‐guidance has not been studied to determine its necessity or benefit for either approach.ObjectivesTo determine if the dorsolateral approach to the centrodistal joint is more successful than the medial approach. To determine if radiograph‐guidance is beneficial.Study designProspective, randomised study.MethodsThree operators injected 98 centrodistal joints in total, each horse served as its own control. In Phase 1, injections were performed by standard technique. In the Phase 2, operators were allowed to use radiography to assist needle placement. Contrast deposition was evaluated by a single radiologist.ResultsWithout radiographic assistance, 10/25 (40%) joints were successfully injected using either the medial or dorsolateral approach. With radiographic assistance, 19/24 (79%) joints were successfully injected using the medial approach, 11/24 (46%) joints were successfully injected using the dorsolateral approach.Main limitationsThe population consisted of aged horses representing a variety of breeds with existing osteoarthritis, and multiple operators were recruited.ConclusionsThe dorsolateral approach was equivalent to the medial approach when traditional injection techniques were used. Radiograph‐guidance improved success of the medial approach, but not the dorsolateral approach. Many injections performed from the dorsolateral approach (32/49; 65%) resulted in extensive perivascular subcutaneous contrast deposition after infiltration into the tarsal canal. Further research is needed to improve injection success of the centrodistal joint when using the dorsolateral approach.
Structural investigation of Al2O3 coatings by PECVD with a high deposition rate
Authors: Zhang Song , Zheng Long , Wei Geng , Guo Litong , Li Jun , Tu Rong , Zhang Lianmeng , Goto Takashi , Ohmori Hitoshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe deposition of alumina on thermal barrier coatings can effectively avoid hot corrosion and increase durability. Al2O3 coatings were prepared on an yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate by plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The effects of microwave power (PM) and total pressure (Ptot) on the crystalline phase and microstructure of Al2O3 coatings were investigated, and the effect of the mechanism on the deposition rate was also analyzed. The α‐Al2O3 coatings with a needle‐like microstructure were formed at a higher PM and Ptot, whereas the γ‐phase coatings exhibited a cauliflower‐like microstructure at a lower PM and Ptot. A maximum deposition rate (Rdep) of 58 μmh−1 was obtained, which is significantly higher than those of conventional CVD methods.
Fibrous monolithic ceramic with a single alumina phase: Fracture and high‐temperature tribological behaviors
Authors: Su Yunfeng , Fan Hengzhong , Zhang Yongsheng , Song Junjie , Chen Shuna , Hu Litian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFabrication of fibrous monolithic ceramic with bamboo‐like structures is a promising method to improve the mechanical properties of ceramics through extrinsic reinforcement. Nevertheless, heterogeneous boundaries are easily oxidized at high temperatures, which seriously limits the long‐term use of these materials when employed in high‐temperature and high/low‐temperature alternating environments. In this study, a “plain” ceramic—a single‐component and complex‐structure Al2O3 ceramic—was successfully designed and prepared using nano‐sized Al2O3 as polycrystalline fibers and micro‐sized Al2O3 as boundaries to obtain a structure with a fibrous monolithic architecture. Self‐toughening of Al2O3 ceramics can be achieved by introducing hierarchical architectures derived from the difference between grain sizes of fibers and boundaries, which gives the ceramics high fracture toughness and reliability. Moreover, the material demonstrated a low friction coefficient and high wear‐resistance properties when coupled with C/C composites at room temperature, 800°C, and in the alternating temperature enviroment between room temperature and 800°C.
Crystal distortion and electrical properties of Ce‐doped BIT‐based piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Nie Rui , Yuan Jing , Chen Qiang , Xing Jie , Zhu Jianguo , Zhang Wen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCerium (Ce)‐modified Bi4Ti2.94W0.03Ta0.03O12 (BITWT) high Curie temperature ceramics (abbreviated as BITWT‐xCe) were fabricated by a conventional solid‐state sintering method. All BITWT‐xCe ceramics had an orthogonal phase, but the structural distortion of the Ce‐doped BITWT ceramics was higher than that of BITWT ceramics, which reduced symmetry and improved piezoelectric performance. The relative density (ρr) of BITWT‐xCe ceramics was greater than 97%. Under the same conditions, the hysteresis loop of BITWT‐0.04Ce ceramics had higher saturation than that of BITWT ceramics. The piezoelectric constant (d33) was enhanced, and the highest d33 of 24.7 pC/N at x = 0.04 was obtained, which was 25% higher than that of BITWT ceramics (d33 = 19.8 pC/N). In addition, the tentative conduction mechanism of BITWT‐xCe ceramics was also discussed. Two oxidations (Ce3+ and Ce4+) were present in the Ce‐doped BITWT ceramics.
Antineoplastic agents exacerbate periodontal inflammation and aggravate experimental periodontitis
Authors: Gusman David Jonathan Rodrigues , Ervolino Edilson , Theodoro Letícia Helena , Garcia Valdir Gouveia , Nagata Maria José Hitomi , Alves Breno Edson Sendão , de Araujo Nathalia Januario , Matheus Henrique Rinaldi , de Almeida Juliano Milanezi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThis study evaluated the effects of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and cisplatin (CIS) in healthy periodontal tissues and in the early stages of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats.MethodsOne hundred and eighty male rats were divided into three groups, which were submitted to the following systemic treatments: physiological saline solution (PSS); CIS and 5FU. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups: without (NEP) and with (EP) induction of EP. Animals were euthanized at 3, 5 and 7 days post‐treatment. Histological, histometric (percentage of bone in the furcation [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (for tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analysed.ResultsCIS‐NEP and 5FU‐NEP showed more inflammation than PSS‐NEP at 3, 5 and 7 days. CIS‐EP and 5FU‐EP showed more inflammation and lower PBF than PSS‐EP at all periods of evaluation. 5FU‐EP showed lower PBF than CIS‐EP at 5 and 7 days.Conclusion5‐FU and CIS exacerbated periodontal inflammation and aggravated the progression of EP in its early stages.
Variation of actin filament length in dogs
Authors: Dries B. , Van Den Broeck W. , Jonkers I. , Vanwanseele B. , Temmerman R. , Dingemanse W. , Vander Sloten J. , Vanderperren K. , van Bree H. , Gielen I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAs the smallest functional unit of force production, the sarcomeres are important in determining muscle function. Actin filament lengths, which are important in determining optimal sarcomere length for a species, have not yet been reported in dogs. This study aims to provide a species‐specific value for actin filament length in dogs, while examining intraspecies, intermuscular and intramuscular variations. Muscle samples were taken from the tibialis anterior muscle, the lateral gastrocnemius muscle head and the medial gastrocnemius muscle head in 10 dogs including a Labrador, a Belgian Malinois, a Caucasian Shepherd, German Shepherds and some mixed‐breed dogs. Actin filament lengths were determined through transmission electron microscopy. Mean actin filament length across all muscle samples was 0.90 ± 0.01 μm. The low intraspecies variation, combined with a lack of important inter‐ and intramuscular variation found in this study, affirms the use of a species‐specific optimal sarcomere length of 1.89 μm for canine muscles.
It takes two to self‐disclose: Incremental theorists facilitate others’ self‐disclosure more than do entity theorists
Authors: Levontin Liat , Nakash Ora , Danziger Shai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe tested the prediction that incremental theorists are more likely to facilitate others’ self‐disclosure than are entity theorists.MethodWe conducted three studies: (a) a field study that examined client’s self‐disclosure (N = 122; Mage = 41.9, 67.8% woman; Israelis) during an intake interview with a professional therapist (N = 38; Mage = 46.2, 84.20% woman; Israelis), (b) a survey of adults (N = 120; Mage = 37.14, 57.6% female) who reported self‐perceptions and behaviors during conversations and their perceptions of others’ self‐disclosure. In both studies participants reported their implicit theories, and (c) an experiment (N = 250; Mage = 28.27, 56.6% female) in which participants whose implicit theories were manipulated reported their opening behaviors during a conversation and their perceptions of others’ self‐disclosure.ResultsOnes’ incremental theory of personality was positively related to another’s self‐disclosure, to one’s opening and disclosure‐encouraging behaviors, and was negatively related to one’s perceptions of others’ self‐protection tendency. Furthermore, one’s opening behaviors and perceptions of others’ self‐protection tendencies mediated the effect of one’s incremental theory on others’ self‐disclosure.ConclusionThose who believe people can grow and change, can influence others to trust their personal information with them, even when the information is negative.
Comparison between modified and conventional one‐handed chest compression techniques for child cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomised, non‐blind, cross‐over simulation trial
Authors: Lee Sung Shim , Lee Sang Dae , Oh Je Hyeok 
Published: March 2019

AimChest compression depth (CCD) decreases significantly when performing one‐handed chest compression (OHCC). We modified OHCC posture to increase CCD as follows: first, the axis of the compression hand was adjusted to the compression area; second, the opposite hand was wrapped around the elbow of the compression arm. This study compared modified OHCC with conventional OHCC for child cardiopulmonary resuscitation.MethodsA total of 46 health‐care providers performed 2 min of continuous chest compression using conventional OHCC (trial 1) and modified OHCC (trial 2) in a random order on a 5‐year‐old‐sized child manikin lying on a bed. Chest compression parameters were assessed with an accelerometer and analysed by comparing the mean values of 30‐s segments.ResultsThe average CCD decreased significantly in all segments in both trials (trial 1 (segments 1–4): 40.9 ± 5.6 mm, 39.4 ± 6.6 mm, 38.0 ± 6.9 mm, 36.7 ± 7.3 mm, P < 0.001; trial 2 (segments 1–4): 42.3 ± 5.4 mm, 41.2 ± 6.2 mm, 40.1 ± 6.8 mm, 39.0 ± 6.9 mm, P < 0.001). However, the average CCD in trial 2 was significantly greater in all segments than that in trial 1 (segments 1–4: P = 0.016; P = 0.009; P = 0.004; P = 0.001). The average chest compression rates were comparable in all segments in both trials.ConclusionBy modifying OHCC posture, a deeper mean CCD could be maintained for 2 min than by using conventional OHCC.