bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Real-world’ comparison of first-line direct aspiration and stent retriever mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke in the anterior circulation: a multicenter international retrospective study
Authors: Martini Michael , Mocco J , Turk Aquilla , Siddiqui Adnan H , Fiorella David , Hanel Ricardo A , Woodward Keith , Rai Ansaar , Frei Don , Delgado Almandoz Josser E , Kelly Michael E , Peeling Lissa , Arthur Adam S , Baxter Blaise , English Joey , Linfante Italo , De Leacy Reade 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThrombectomy for anterior large vessel occlusion less than 24 hours since last known well is now standard of care. Certain aspects of clinical trials may limit generalizability to ’real-world' practice.ObjectiveTo compare revascularization rates and outcomes for direct aspiration (ADAPT) and stent retriever thrombectomy following anterior acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in a real-life setting.MethodsData from the most recent 20 consecutive patients with AIS treated with mechanical thrombectomy between 2015 and 2016 were collected from 15 high-volume stroke centers across North America for a total of 300 cases. Patients with proximal anterior large vessel occlusions were dichotomized by primary treatment technique. Ordinal logistic regression assessed the effects of clinical variables on patient disability using 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.ResultsAdequate revascularization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b) was ultimately achieved in 91.2% of first-line direct aspiration (ADAPT) cases with an average of 1.9±1.9 passes and in 87.5% of stent retriever cases with an average of 1.7±1.0 passes. Time from groin puncture to revascularization was shorter for ADAPT cases. The mean 90-day mRS score for both groups was 3.0±2.4. Number of passes using primary technique, and postintervention intracranial hemorrhage, were significant predictors of 90-day mRS scores after ADAPT, while age and preprocedure mRS score were predictive of outcomes following first-line stent retriever.ConclusionsOur data show similar adequate revascularization rates and 90-day functional outcomes for first-line direct aspiration and stent retrievers for anterior large vessel occlusion in a real-world setting. These results support the findings of other prospective trials evaluating the two techniques.
A survey of burnout and professional satisfaction among United States neurointerventionalists
Authors: Fargen Kyle M , Arthur Adam S , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele , Garner Rebecca M , Aschenbrenner Carol A , Wolfe Stacey Q , Ansari Sameer A , Dabus Guilherme , Spiotta Alejandro , Mokin Maxim , Linfante Italo , Mocco J , Hirsch Joshua A 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe toll of burnout on healthcare is significant and associated with physician depression and medical errors.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and risk factors for burnout among neurointerventionalists.MethodsA 39-question online survey containing questions about neurointerventional practice and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for medical personnel was distributed to members of major US neurointerventional physician societies.Results320 responses were received. Median (interquartile range) composite scores for emotional exhaustion were 25 (16–35), depersonalization 7 (4–12), and personal accomplishment 39 (35–44). 164/293 respondents (56%) met established criteria for burnout. There was no significant relationship between training background, practice setting, call frequency, or presence of a senior partner on burnout prevalence. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that feeling underappreciated by hospital leadership (OR=3.71; p<0.001) and covering more than one hospital on call (OR=1.96; p=0.01) were strongly associated with burnout. Receiving additional compensation for a call was independently protective against burnout (OR= 0.70; p=0.005).ConclusionsThis survey of United States neurointerventional physicians demonstrated a self-reported burnout prevalence of 56%, which is similar to the national average among physicians across other specialties. Additional compensation for a call was a significant protective factor against burnout. In addition, feeling underappreciated by departmental or hospital leadership and covering more than one hospital while on call were associated with greater odds of burnout.
Flow diversion treatment of aneurysms of the complex region of the anterior communicating artery: which stent placement strategy should ‘I’ use? A single center experience
Authors: Pagiola Igor , Mihalea Cristian , Caroff Jildaz , Ikka Léon , Chalumeau Vanessa , Yasuda Thomas , Marenco de la Torre Joaquin , Iacobucci Marta , Ozanne Augustin , Gallas Sophie , Marques Marcio Chaves , Carrete Henrique , Frudit Michel Eli , Moret Jacques , Spelle Laurent 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundAneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) are difficult to treat with coiling or clipping because of the anatomical variation in this region. Flow diversion represents a feasible treatment, but no consensus exists as to which stent deployment technique is more suitable.MethodsAll patients with ACoA aneurysms treated with flow diverters between April 2014 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Aneurysm characteristics, follow-up results, and clinical outcome data were recorded, and a new classification comparing the diameters of both A1 segments is proposed: H1=same diameters; H2=<50% difference in diameters; H3= ≥50% difference; and Y=no A1 segment.ResultsWe analyzed 30 procedures in 30 patients with ACoA aneurysms, including 16 ruptured aneurysms treated with coiling embolization and 4 previously unruptured aneurysms (two Medina and two Woven EndoBridge devices). Adequate aneurysm occlusion occurred in 86.9%; one patient (3.3%) experienced symptomatic ischemic stroke. The global thromboembolic complications for each group were 17.6% (H1), 25% (H2), and 60% (H3).ConclusionFlow diversion treatment in this region is safe, feasible, and effective. The most suitable anatomical configuration for flow diverter treatment seems to be the H1 configuration where the ‘I technique’ is suitable (from an A1 segment to the ipsilateral A2). There is a tendency that the H3 configuration is not a good indication for flow diverter treatment. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of this anatomical classification and the reproducibility of our findings.
Are we reaping what we sow? Gender diversity in surgery: a survey of medical students
Authors: Cronin Ciara , Lucas Mairi , McCarthy Andrea , Boland Fiona , Varadarajan Raghu , Premnath N , Gillen Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundA survey of medical students from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) at Dublin, Perdana and Penang in Malaysia was undertaken in an attempt to explore attitudes towards a career in surgery and document potential differences between male and female students’ perceptions of a surgical career.MethodA hyperlink to an online, anonymised questionnaire was distributed to medical students in 3rd, 4th and final year at three RCSI campuses. Basic descriptive statistics were used to describe the responses to individual questions and appropriate statistical tests used to compare male and female responses to questions.ResultsA total of 464 completed questionnaires were analysed. Almost 40% (n=185) were male and 60% (n=279) were female. Males were significantly more influenced by remuneration than females (p&lt;0.001) towards a choice of surgical career. Females were significantly more influenced in their choice of surgical career by part-time work (p&lt;0.001), parental leave (p&lt;0.001), working hours (p&lt;0.001) and length of residency (p=0.003). During surgical attachments, females were significantly more likely to admit feeling intimidated than males (p=0.002) and males more likely to report feeling confident (p&lt;0.001). Ninety-six per cent of students felt they would be more likely to pursue a career in which they had identified a positive role model, with female medical students three times more likely to have identified a female role model than males.ConclusionAccording to our study, preference for a career in surgery declines with advancing years in medical school for both males and females. Medical students report high levels of feeling intimidated or ignored during their surgical placements, and enthusiasm for surgery reduces during medical school with exposure to this. These findings, along with the importance of role modelling, add further urgency to the need to address factors which make surgery less appealing to female medical graduates.
Overview of complications of acute and chronic myocardial infarctions: revisiting pathogenesis and cross-sectional imaging
Authors: Stephens Nicholas R , Restrepo Carlos S , Saboo Sachin S , Baxi Ameya J 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the leading contributors to overall mortality and morbidity in the modern world, even with recent advances in medicine. Various complications can arise following an MI, particularly with delayed or inadequate treatment. Even though many of these complications are uncommon, they can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Some of these complications can be diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic evaluation. Other times, however, cardiac MR and multidetector CT are necessary in their diagnosis and proper evaluation. Accurate detection of these complications is an important aspect of optimising prompt and effective patient care, leading to better clinical outcomes. It is the goal of this article to review the role of cross-sectional imaging in patients with post-MI as well as the characteristic imaging findings and differential diagnosis of common and uncommon complications of MI.
Axial modes in terahertz high-harmonic large-orbit gyrotrons
Authors: Yeh Yi Sheng , Zheng Cong-Yuan , Li Li-Jhen , Chiang Po-Yi , Chen Yen-Cheng , Huang Bo-Han , Lo Chi-Chin 
Published: April 2019

Terahertz (THz) gyrotrons can operate with a lower applied magnetic field in harmonic operation, but the weakened harmonic interactions in harmonic gyrotrons can introduce serious challenges when mode competition occurs. The use of an axis-encircling electron beam can greatly alleviate mode competition in a harmonic gyrotron. In this paper, we study axial modes for third-harmonic [Formula: see text]-mode large-orbit gyrotrons. Simulation results reveal that the minimum current for oscillation to begin in each axial mode in the gyrotron regime is associated with a specific range of applied magnetic field. To avoid mode competition, tapered applied magnetic fields and waveguide radii are employed to enhance the high-order axial modes and suppress the low-order axial modes. Furthermore, spurious transverse modes in a THz gyrotron are discussed below. A stable third-harmonic [Formula: see text]-mode large-orbit gyrotron at the third-order axial mode is predicted to yield peak output power of 6.5 kW at 768.1 GHz with an efficiency of 10% for a 75-kV, 0.85-A electron beam with an axial velocity spread of 3%.
Fabrication and characterization of flexible transparent electrodes manufactured from silver nanowire
Authors: Shinde Swapnil , Chou Chia-Yuan , Wang Yi-Zhen , Lin Ru-Li , Lin Keh-Moh , Hsiao Wen-Tse , Wu Helen 
Published: April 2019

In this work, ITO/silver nanowire (AgNW)/ITO (IAWI) and IZO/AgNW/IZO (ZAWZ) hybrid electrodes were prepared on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates at low temperature. The physical properties of the flexible electrodes were studied using X-ray diffraction, spectrophotometer, field-emission scanning electron microscope, Hall, and four-point probe resistivity measurements. The Haacke index shows that an electrode has the best optoelectronic properties at an AgNW concentration of 2.0 mg/mL. At this concentration, the sheet resistances of the IAWI and ZAWZ electrodes are 18.6 [Formula: see text]/sq and 16.0 [Formula: see text]/sq, respectively. The bending test results show that the electrical properties of both ITO and IZO films became poor only after 100 bending tests. In contrast, the sheet resistances of the IAWI and ZAWZ electrodes show no obvious change after 1000 bending tests, confirming their excellent flexibility. A hyperspectral technique is developed to characterize the damages within the electrodes caused by the bending test.
Implementation Guidelines of WDSRAM and Comparison with Typical SRAM Using Nanoscale Hierarchical Implementation Model
Authors: Simopoulos Theodoros , Alexiou George Ph. , Haniotakis Themistoklis 
Published: April 2019

In this work, we extend the implementation guidelines of the WDSRAM — Write Driver SRAM — through the definition of a hierarchical implementation model which is applied on the material layout memory design level. This model can be used in order to create WDSRAMs of any size, maintaining the memory’s write function speed-up against the typical SRAM implementation model. The post-layout simulation results are presented in comparison with the corresponding results of the typical SRAM and confirm that the WDSRAM write function speed-up is maintained against the typical SRAM when the memory size increases. A brief background knowledge on the WDSRAM function is also provided.
Symmetric Wilson systems
Authors: Wojdyłło Piotr 
Published: April 2019

The Wilson orthonormal basis was constructed in 1991 by Daubechies, Jaffard and Journé using combinations of elements of Gabor tight frame with redundancy 2. In 1994, Auscher gave a characterization of the atoms for which the Wilson system is an orthonormal basis. Then, Kutyniok and Strohmer generalized the notion of Wilson system to the lattices whose generator matrix is in Hermite normal form.In the present publication, we introduce Wilson systems where the time-frequency shifts are combined symmetrically with respect to the origin. Using the arguments from previous papers that work also in this case, we give a full characterization of atoms for which the obtained Wilson systems are orthonormal bases in [Formula: see text] and we generalize these results to different sign sequences and to symplectic lattices of density [Formula: see text].
Effects of training, detraining, and retraining on strength, hypertrophy, and myonuclear number in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Psilander Niklas , Eftestøl Einar , Cumming Kristoffer Toldnes , Juvkam Inga , Ekblom Maria M. , Sunding Kerstin , Wernbom Mathias , Holmberg Hans-Christer , Ekblom Björn , Bruusgaard Jo C. , Raastad Truls , Gundersen Kristian 
Published: April 2019

Previously trained mouse muscles acquire strength and volume faster than naïve muscles; it has been suggested that this is related to increased myonuclear density. The present study aimed to determine whether a previously strength-trained leg (mem-leg) would respond better to a period of strength training than a previously untrained leg (con-leg). Nine men and 10 women performed unilateral strength training (T1) for 10 wk, followed by 20 wk of detraining (DT) and a 5-wk bilateral retraining period (T2). Muscle biopsies were taken before and after each training period and analyzed for myonuclear number, fiber volume, and cross-sectional area (CSA). Ultrasound and one repetition of maximum leg extension were performed to determine muscle thickness (MT) and strength. CSA (~17%), MT (~10%), and strength (~20%) increased during T1 in the mem-leg. However, the myonuclear number and fiber volume did not change. MT and CSA returned to baseline values during DT, but strength remained elevated (~60%), supporting previous findings of a long-lasting motor learning effect. MT and strength increased similarly in the mem-leg and con-leg during T2, whereas CSA, fiber volume, and myonuclear number remained unaffected. In conclusion, training response during T2 did not differ between the mem-leg and con-leg. However, this does not discount the existence of human muscle memory, since no increase in the number of myonuclei was detected during T1 and no clear detraining effect was observed for cell size during DT; thus, the present data did not allow for a rigorous test of the muscle memory hypothesis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY If a long-lasting intramuscular memory exists in humans, this will affect strength-training advice for both athletes and the public. Based on animal experiments, we hypothesized that such a memory exists and that it is related to the myonuclear number. However, a period of unilateral strength training, followed by detraining, did not increase the myonuclear number. The training response, during a subsequent bilateral retraining period, was not enhanced in the previously trained leg.
Impact of Race and Ethnicity on the Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics, Social Determinants of Health, and 1-Year Outcomes After Everolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent Procedures in Women
Authors: Mehran Roxana , Chandrasekhar Jaya , Davis Scott , Nathan Sandeep , Hill Roger , Hearne Steven , Vismara Vince , Pyo Robert , Gharib Elie , Hawa Zafir , Chrysant George , Kandzari David , Underwood Paul , Allocco Dominic J. , Batchelor Wayne 
Published: April 2019

Background
The impact of race/ethnicity on coronary stent outcomes in women is unknown. We compared baseline characteristics, social determinants of health, and 1-year outcomes in female African Americans (AA) and Hispanic/Latinas (HL) versus white women after coronary everolimus-eluting stent implantation in all-comer patients.

Methods and Results

We pooled 1863 women from the PLATINUM Diversity (n=1057 women) and PROMUS ELEMENT PLUS (n=806 women) postapproval studies, with some overlap in study sites. Social determinants of health data were only available for PLATINUM Diversity. The primary end point was 1-year major adverse cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization). Outcomes were risk adjusted using multivariate Cox regression. The study sample comprised 1417 white (76.1%, reference group), 296 AA (15.9%), and 107 HL (5.7%) women. AA were older, and both AA and HL had more diabetes mellitus and hypertension than white women. AA had larger reference vessel diameters but less lesion calcification, whereas HL had less lesion tortuosity but more calcification. Compared with white women, there was a trend toward higher unadjusted 1-year major adverse cardiac events in AA (12.0% versus 8.0%;
P
=0.06) but similar rates in HL (11.0% versus 8.0%;
P
=0.32), and after risk adjustment, there were no differences (AA women: hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.00–2.17; HL women: hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.71–2.44). AA had a 3-fold higher adjusted risk of 1-year myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.72–7.14;
P
=0.01) and increased risk of target vessel revascularization (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.10–2.94;
P
=0.02). Independent predictors of major adverse cardiac events included renal disease, prior myocardial infarction, silent ischemia, history of stroke, and multivessel disease.

Conclusions
Race and ethnicity confer heterogeneity in women undergoing everolimus-eluting stent implantation. Despite more comorbidities and less favorable social determinants of health, AA and HL women have similar 1-year major adverse cardiac events to white women, although AA women seem to have a higher risk of 1-year myocardial infarction.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02240810.
Introduction to “Common Space and Individual Space: Comments
on a Group Task from the First Half of 1993,” Academy of Fine Arts,
Warsaw
Authors: Klein Lidia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The introductory text presents “Common Space and Individual Space: Comments on a Group Task from the First Half of 1993,” a document translated into English from Polish and published here. The original document was first published in Czereja, a magazine created by the students of Kowalnia, a studio for diploma art students run by Grzegorz Kowalski in the Department of Sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. “Common Space” compiles the students' accounts of a performative group activity entitled Pierożek drewniany, zimnym mięsem nadziewany (translated as Wooden Dumpling, Filled with Cold Meat) from the 1992–93 academic year. The introduction analyzes “Common Space” as a part of the very creative process within the Wooden Dumpling activity and describes its meaning within the socio-political contexts of post-1989 Poland. It explains the role of Kowalnia's practices as a unique pedagogical experiment anomalous within the fairly traditional art education systems of Central and Eastern Europe of the time. The introduction argues that the document is not only relevant for our understanding of Polish art in the 1990s, but also provokes broader questions about the feasibility and efficacy of socially engaged art practices as well as the communicative strategies employed within them.
Common Space and Individual Space: Comments on a Group Task from the
First Half of 1993
Authors: Dzik Monika , Zielińska Monika , Żmijewski Artur 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The introductory text presents “Common Space and Individual Space: Comments on a Group Task from the First Half of 1993,” a document translated into English from Polish and published here. The original document was first published in Czereja, a magazine created by the students of Kowalnia, a studio for diploma art students run by Grzegorz Kowalski in the Department of Sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. “Common Space” compiles the students' accounts of a performative group activity entitled Pierożek drewniany, zimnym mięsem nadziewany (translated as Wooden Dumpling, Filled with Cold Meat) from the 1992–93 academic year. The introduction analyzes “Common Space” as a part of the very creative process within the Wooden Dumpling activity and describes its meaning within the socio-political contexts of post-1989 Poland. It explains the role of Kowalnia's practices as a unique pedagogical experiment anomalous within the fairly traditional art education systems of Central and Eastern Europe of the time. The introduction argues that the document is not only relevant for our understanding of Polish art in the 1990s, but also provokes broader questions about the feasibility and efficacy of socially engaged art practices as well as the communicative strategies employed within them.
High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Inner Ear: Effect of Otosclerosis on Cochlear Aqueduct Dimensions
Authors: Wichova Helena , Alvi Sameer , Boatright Christine , Ledbetter Luke , Staecker Hinrich , Lin James 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The cochlear aqueduct is a bony duct connecting the scala tympani with the subarachnoid space. Given the pathophysiology of otosclerosis, including bone resorption and new bone deposition, we hypothesize that the cochlear aqueduct in otosclerotic ears is narrowed. Methods: A retrospective review of patients with otosclerosis who have undergone high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the temporal bone was completed. The control cohort included 20 patients with the diagnosis of noise-induced hearing loss, without the diagnosis of otosclerosis. Uniform measurements of cochlear aqueduct dimensions were performed using the axial plane. Results: The otosclerosis cohort included 25 males and 52 females with mean age of 52.2 ± 17.6 years. The control group included 10 males and 10 females with mean age of 64.0 ± 18.5 years. The mean cochlear aqueduct length, width mid canal, aperture base, aperture widest diameter, and funnel diameter in millimeters were 12.19 ± 1.66, 0.68 ± 0.28, 4.21 ± 1.67, 3.23 ± 1.47, and 2.70 ± 1.05 in the ears with otosclerotic foci and 11.57 ± 1.66, 0.69 ± 0.29, 2.56 ± 1.59, 2.77 ± 1.67, and 2.58 ± 1.03 in control group, respectively. Statistical difference was seen in length of cochlear aqueduct, aperture base, and aperture widest diameters ( P = .017, <.001, .007). Conclusions: The length of the cochlear aqueduct and the funnel width are statistically longer in the otosclerotic population compared to control. The width of the cochlear aqueduct is not statistically different.