bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GLP-catalyzed H4K16me1 promotes 53BP1 recruitment to permit DNA damage repair and cell survival
Authors: Lu Xiaopeng , Tang Ming , Zhu Qian , Yang Qiaoyan , Li Zhiming , Bao Yantao , Liu Ge , Hou Tianyun , Lv Yafei , Zhao Ying , Wang Haiying , Yang Yang , Cheng Zhongyi , Wen He , Liu Baohua , Xu Xingzhi , Gu Luo , Zhu Wei-Guo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The binding of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) to damaged chromatin is a critical event in non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ)-mediated DNA damage repair. Although several molecular pathways explaining how 53BP1 binds damaged chromatin have been described, the precise underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here we report that a newly identified H4K16 monomethylation (H4K16me1) mark is involved in 53BP1 binding activity in the DNA damage response (DDR). During the DDR, H4K16me1 rapidly increases as a result of catalyzation by the histone methyltransferase G9a-like protein (GLP). H4K16me1 shows an increased interaction level with 53BP1, which is important for the timely recruitment of 53BP1 to DNA double-strand breaks. Differing from H4K16 acetylation, H4K16me1 enhances the 53BP1–H4K20me2 interaction at damaged chromatin. Consistently, GLP knockdown markedly attenuates 53BP1 foci formation, leading to impaired NHEJ-mediated repair and decreased cell survival. Together, these data support a novel axis of the DNA damage repair pathway based on H4K16me1 catalysis by GLP, which promotes 53BP1 recruitment to permit NHEJ-mediated DNA damage repair.
A Survey of Neurological Surgery Residency Program Mentorship Practices Compared to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Resident Outcome Data
Authors: Khan Nickalus R , Derstine Pamela L , Gienapp Andrew J , Klimo Paul , Barbaro Nicholas M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mentorship can be a powerful and life-altering experience during residency training, but there are few articles discussing mentorship models within neurosurgery. In this study, we surveyed US neurosurgical department mentorship practices and linked them to resident outcomes from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), including resident survey responses, board pass rates, and scholarly activity.
A 19-question survey was conducted from October to December 2017 with the assistance of the Society of Neurological Surgeons. De-identified data were then obtained from the ACGME and correlated to these results. Out of 110 programs, 80 (73%) responded to the survey and gave informed consent. The majority (65%) had a formal mentorship program and assigned mentor relationships based on subspecialty or research interest. Barriers to mentorship were identified as time and faculty/resident “buy-in.” Mentorship programs established for 5 or more years had superior resident ACGME outcomes, such as board pass rates, survey results, and scholarly activity. There was not a significant difference in ACGME outcomes among programs with formal or informal/no mentorship model (P = .17). Programs that self-identified as having an “unsuccessful” mentorship program had significant increases in overall negative resident evaluations (P = .02).
Programs with well-established mentorship programs were found to have superior ACGME resident survey results, board pass rates, and more scholarly activity. There was not a significant difference among outcomes and the different models of formal mentorship practices. Barriers to mentorship, such as time and faculty/resident “buy-in,” are identified.
Risk Factors for Seizure Worsening After Epilepsy Surgery in Children and Adults: A Population-Based Register Study
Authors: Bjellvi Johan , Edelvik Tranberg Anna , Rydenhag Bertil , Malmgren Kristina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Increased seizure frequency and new-onset tonic-clonic seizures (TCS) have been reported after epilepsy surgery.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze potential risk factors for these outcomes in a large cohort.

METHODS
We studied prospectively collected data in the Swedish National Epilepsy Surgery Register on increased seizure frequency and new-onset TCS after epilepsy surgery 1990-2015.

RESULTS
Two-year seizure outcome was available for 1407 procedures, and data on seizure types for 1372. Increased seizure frequency at follow-up compared to baseline occurred in 56 cases (4.0%) and new-onset TCS in 53 (3.9%; 6.6% of the patients without preoperative TCS). Increased frequency was more common in reoperations compared to first surgeries (7.9% vs 3.1%; P = .001) and so too for new-onset TCS (6.7% vs 3.2%; P = .017). For first surgeries, binary logistic regression was used to analyze predictors for each outcome. In univariable analysis, significant predictors for increased seizure frequency were lower age of onset, lower age at surgery, shorter epilepsy duration, preoperative neurological deficit, intellectual disability, high preoperative seizure frequency, and extratemporal procedures. For new-onset TCS, significant predictors were preoperative deficit, intellectual disability, and nonresective procedures. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors for increased seizure frequency were lower age at surgery (odds ratio (OR) 0.70 per increasing 10-yr interval, 95% CI 0.53-0.93), type of surgery (OR 0.42 for temporal lobe resections compared to other procedures, 95% CI 0.19-0.92), and for new-onset TCS preoperative neurological deficit (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.32-5.01).

CONCLUSION
Seizure worsening is rare but should be discussed when counseling patients. The identified risk factors may assist informed decision-making before surgery.
Comparison of Intraoperative 3-Dimensional Fluoroscopy With Standard Computed Tomography for Stereotactic Frame Registration
Authors: Peng Terrance , Kramer Daniel R , Lee Morgan B , Barbaro Michael F , Ding Li , Liu Charles Y , Kellis Spencer , Lee Brian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Three-dimensional fluoroscopy via the O-arm (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) has been validated for intraoperative confirmation of successful lead placement in stereotactic electrode implantation. However, its role in registration and targeting has not yet been studied. After frame placement, many stereotactic neurosurgeons obtain a computed tomography (CT) scan and merge it with a preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to generate planning coordinates; potential disadvantages of this practice include increased procedure time and limited scanner availability.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether the second-generation O-arm (O2) can be used in lieu of a traditional CT scan to obtain accurate frame-registration scans.

METHODS
In 7 patients, a postframe placement CT scan was merged with preoperative MRI and used to generate lead implantation coordinates. After implantation, the fiducial box was again placed on the patient to obtain an O2 confirmation scan. Vector, scalar, and Euclidean differences between analogous X, Y, and Z coordinates from fused O2/MRI and CT/MRI scans were calculated for 33 electrode target coordinates across 7 patients.

RESULTS
Marginal means of difference for vector (X = −0.079 ± 0.099 mm; Y = −0.076 ± 0.134 mm; Z = −0.267 ± 0.318 mm), scalar (X = −0.146 ± 0.160 mm; Y = −0.306 ± 0.106 mm; Z = 0.339 ± 0.407 mm), and Euclidean differences (0.886 ± 0.190 mm) remained within the predefined equivalence margin differences of −2 mm and 2 mm.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that O2 may emerge as a viable alternative to the traditional CT scanner for generating planning coordinates. Adopting the O2 as a perioperative tool may offer reduced transport risks, decreased anesthesia time, and greater surgical efficiency.
The “Gay Voice” and “Brospeak”: Toward a Systematic Model of Stance
Authors: Kiesling Scott F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Taking Elinor Ochs’s (1992) notion of indirect indexicality as a starting point, this chapter explores the significance of stance for studies of sexuality. Stance helps organize identity registers and is thus central in the creation and display of sexuality. After defining stance and reviewing ways in which it has been used in studies of language and sexuality, the chapter analyzes representations of two sexual identity registers: a “gay voice” homosexual identity and a “brospeak” heterosexual identity. The analysis reveals how these representations are based on different configurations of stances that in turn constitute the differential enregisterment of personae or characterological figures. The chapter concludes with an outline of the ways that the concept of stance may be used in further research, especially with respect to the analysis of sexuality in interaction.
Preadolescence: Social Status and the Heterosexual Market
Authors: Eckert Penelope 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Preadolescence is a passage from a normatively asexual childhood to a normatively heterosexual adolescence. This is a collective passage, in which the gender binary is reinscribed in the age cohort as part of a larger construction of a peer-based social order. Same-sex friendship groups merge into male and female constituencies, creating a “popular crowd” aiming to lead their peers into adolescent practices. Central to these practices is the development of a “heterosexual market” in which individuals accrue value as a function of their participation in heterosexual practice and in the vast indexical activity that supports it. Based on ethnographic work in two very different elementary schools in Northern California, this chapter examines the selective adoption of variation tied to sound change in progress as cultural capital in this market. Among other things, it shows that the nature of the market and of the indexical practice is articulated by difference in class and ethnicity across the cohort.
Nag Hammadi and Related Literature
Authors: McGuire Anne 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This essay examines the imagery of gender and sexuality in four documents from the Nag Hammadi library. The selected works share a religious emphasis on the saving power of religious knowledge or gnōsis, but represent distinct literary genres and differing religious perspectives on gender, sexuality, and divine–human relations. The essay analyzes each text’s uses of gender imagery in literary context and in relation to key religious ideas, such as the relation of the divine and human; social relations between individuals or groups; and the experiential domain of ritual, religious experience, and/or sexual relations. It also considers the ways these four texts illustrate some of the distinctive ways in which Nag Hammadi literature employs the imagery of gender and sexuality to articulate distinctive conceptions of difference and to engender salvation among their knowing readers and hearers.
Humanism and Humor
Authors: Feltmate David 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This chapter provides conceptual tools for mapping the role of humor in humanist communities. First, it sets parameters for the study, emphasizing humanist organizations’ self-definitions, a theory of humor based in current research, and atheist standup comedy as a data set to explore. Broadly, the chapter follows the International Humanist and Ethical Union’s 2002 “Amsterdam Declaration,” which sees humanism as ethical, rational, and supporting of democracy and civil rights; insists that personal liberty must be combined with social responsibility; is a response to the widespread demand for an alternative to dogmatic religion; values artistic creativity and imagination; and is a life stance aiming at maximum possible fulfillment. Next, it investigates the role of humor in the construction of atheist identity and communities. Finally, it suggests some other ways of looking at standup comedy to rethink and expand the boundaries of what constitutes humanist humor.
Eastern Christianity and Meditation
Authors: Hovorun Cyril 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Eastern Orthodox Christianity has developed a wide variety of theories and practices of meditation. Among these, this chapter covers the contemplation of sins, the recitation of the Jesus prayer, hesychasm, and the contemplation of Divine Light. This latter form of meditation, where God’s uncreated Light is revealed to the individual, is particularly important in the Eastern Christian tradition, as it is linked to theosis, the human capacity to seek and reach divinization. This is not only important as an individual goal but also a key theological notion in Eastern Christianity. The chapter ends by considering the present interest in meditation practices within this tradition.
G−0.02−0.07, the compact H ii region complex nearest to the galactic center with ALMA
Authors: Tsuboi Masato , Kitamura Yoshimi , Uehara Kenta , Miyazaki Atsushi , Miyawaki Ryosuke , Tsutsumi Takahiro , Miyoshi Makoto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We have observed the compact H ii region complex nearest to the dynamical center of the Galaxy, G−0.02−0.07, using ALMA in the H42α recombination line, CS J = 2–1, H13CO+J = 1–0, and SiO v = 0, J = 2–1 emission lines, and the 86 GHz continuum emission. The H ii regions HII-A to HII-C in the cluster are clearly resolved into a shell-like feature with a bright half and a dark half in the recombination line and continuum emission. The analysis of the absorption features in the molecular emission lines show that H ii-A, B, and C are located on the near side of the “Galactic center 50 km s−1 molecular cloud” (50MC), but HII-D is located on the far side of it. The electron temperatures and densities ranges are Te = 5150–5920 K and ne = 950–2340 cm−3, respectively. The electron temperatures in the bright half are slightly lower than those in the dark half, while the electron densities in the bright half are slightly higher than those in the dark half. The H ii regions are embedded in the ambient molecular gas. There are some molecular gas components compressed by a C-type shock wave around the H ii regions. From the line width of the H42α recombination line, the expansion velocities of HII-A, HII-B, HII-C, and HII-D are estimated to be Vexp = 16.7, 11.6, 11.1, and 12.1 km s−1, respectively. The expansion timescales of HII-A, HII-B, HII-C, and HII-D are estimated to be tage ≃ 1.4 × 104, 1.7 × 104, 2.0 × 104, and 0.7 × 104 yr, respectively. The spectral types of the central stars from HII-A to HII-D are estimated to be O8V, O9.5V, O9V, and B0V, respectively. These derived spectral types are roughly consistent with the previous radio estimation. The positional relation among the H ii regions, the SiO molecule enhancement area, and Class-I maser spots suggest that a shock wave caused by a cloud–cloud collision propagated along the line from HII-C to HII-A in the 50MC. The shock wave would have triggered the massive star formation.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of an Individualized 12-Week “Uptime” Participation (U-PART) Intervention in Girls and Women With Rett Syndrome
Authors: Stahlhut Michelle , Downs Jenny , Wong Kingsley , Bisgaard Anne-Marie , Nordmark Eva 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Girls and women with Rett Syndrome (RTT) have low levels of daily physical activity and high levels of sedentary time. Reducing sedentary time and enhancing “uptime” activities, such as standing and walking, could be an important focus for interventions to address long-term health and quality of life in RTT.

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and health-related effects of an individualized 12-week uptime participation (U-PART) intervention in girls and women with RTT.

Design
The study used a single-group pretest-posttest design with 4 assessments (2 baseline, postintervention, and follow-up).

Methods
A participation-based intervention employing a whole-day approach was used. During a 12-week intervention period, individualized programs focused on participation in enjoyable uptime activities in home, school/day center, and community settings. Feasibility was assessed with a study-specific questionnaire. Primary outcome measures were sedentary time and daily step count. Secondary outcomes were gross motor skills, walking capacity, quality of life, and goal attainment scaling.

Results
Fourteen girls and women who were 5 to 48 years old and had RTT participated. The U-PART intervention was perceived as feasible by caregivers. Similar scores were observed at baseline assessments in all outcomes. Positive effects with small to medium effect sizes (0.27–0.54) were seen in sedentary time (− 4%), daily step count (+ 689 steps/d), walking capacity (+ 18.8 m), quality of life (+ 2.75 points), and goal attainment scaling after the intervention. Positive effects were maintained in sedentary time (− 3.2%) and walking capacity (+ 12.1 m) at short-term follow-up.

Limitations
This study was limited by the lack of a control group. However, participants acted as their own control, and the stable baseline period partially mitigated this issue.

Conclusions
The U-PART intervention was found to be feasible and effective in the short term in girls and women with RTT.
Hepatitis C virus media coverage favorably impacts on antibody testing in the non-interferon era
Authors: Morales-Arraez Dalia , Hernandez-Guerra Manuel , Diaz-Flores Felicitas , Nieto-Bujalance Yolanda , Garcia-Dopico Jose , Jimenez Alejandro , Quintero Enrique 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
In the non-interferon era, many patients still remain untested for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Our aim was to determine if media coverage, number and type of news, can influence the rate of HCV testing.

Methods
For each calendar year we searched from national, regional and local newspapers for articles published related to HCV between 2001 and 2013 (interferon era) and 2014–2018 (non-interferon era) and the HCV tests performed. Demographics, provider data and test result were collected from patients tested.

Results
During the studied period, 21 913 press articles were found, and we identified a total of 293 226 HCV tests. A total of 9778 HCV tests from 5237 patients tested positive (1.88%). An inverse correlation was found between media coverage and the number of HCV tests during the interferon era (r2 = −0.558, P = 0.024), where news concerning epidemiology and burden of the disease were more frequent. By contrast, in the non-interferon era a strong correlation was observed (r2 = 0.900, P = 0.019), where news related to treatment prevailed.

Conclusion
Our results show that media coverage on HCV fluctuate so the type of news. It remains to be prospectively evaluated if well designed publicity campaigns about the benefits of HCV screening and treatment influences on HCV testing.
Wealth Taxation and Wealth Accumulation: Theory and Evidence From Denmark*
Authors: Jakobsen Katrine , Jakobsen Kristian , Kleven Henrik , Zucman Gabriel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Using administrative wealth records from Denmark, we study the effects of wealth taxes on wealth accumulation. Denmark used to impose one of the world’s highest marginal tax rates on wealth, but this tax was greatly reduced starting in 1989 and later abolished. Due to the specific design of the wealth tax, the 1989 reform provides a compelling quasi-experiment for understanding behavioral responses among the wealthiest segments of the population. We find clear reduced-form effects of wealth taxes in the short and medium run, with larger effects on the very wealthy than on the moderately wealthy. We develop a simple life cycle model with utility of residual wealth (bequests) allowing us to interpret the evidence in terms of structural primitives. We calibrate the model to the quasi-experimental moments and simulate the model forward to estimate the long-run effect of wealth taxes on wealth accumulation. Our simulations show that the long-run elasticity of taxable wealth with respect to the net-of-tax return is sizable at the top of the distribution.
Long-term outcomes of patients who rate symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis as ‘satisfactory’
Authors: Gwinnutt James M , Hyrich Kimme L , Lunt Mark ,   RAMS Co-Investigators, Barton Anne , Verstappen Suzanne M M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To describe outcomes of patients with early RA in a patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) at treatment initiation and to identify clusters of symptoms associated with poor outcomes.

Methods
Data came from the Rheumatoid Arthritis Medication Study, a UK multicentre cohort study of RA patients starting MTX. The HAQ, DAS28 and other patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months. Patients answering yes to the question ‘Is your current condition satisfactory, when you take your general functioning and your current pain into consideration?’ were defined as PASS; patients answering no were defined as N-PASS. Symptom clusters in the baseline PASS group were identified using K-medians cluster analysis. Outcomes of baseline PASS vs N-PASS patients and each cluster are compared using random effects models.

Results
Of 1127 patients, 572 (50.8%) reported being in PASS at baseline. Over one year, baseline PASS patients had lower DAS28 (mean difference = −0.71, 95% CI −0.83, −0.59) and HAQ scores (mean difference = −0.48, 95% CI −0.56, −0.41) compared with N-PASS patients. Within the baseline PASS group, we identified six symptom clusters. Clusters characterized by high disease activity and high PROMs, or moderate disease activity and high PROMs, had the worst outcomes compared with the other clusters.

Conclusion
Despite reporting their condition as ‘satisfactory’, early RA patients with high PROM scores are less likely to respond to therapy. This group may require increased vigilance to optimize outcomes.
Evaluation of Resmethrin Toxicity to Neonatal Testes in Organ Culture
Authors: Park Hyun-Jung , Lee Won-Young , Zhang Mingtian , Hong Kwon-Ho , Park Chankyu , Kim Jin-Hoi , Song Hyuk 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Resmethrin is a widely used pyrethroid insecticide, which causes low toxicity in mammals. However, its toxicity in testes has not been fully investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the toxicity of resmethrin in mouse testes using an in vitro organ culture. Mouse testicular fragments (MTFs) derived from neonates were cultured in medium containing resmethrin for 30 days. Effects on spermatogenesis in the cultured testes were investigated as functions of both time and dose. Resmethrin significantly downregulated the transcription levels of marker genes for spermatogonia and the number of spermatogenic germ cells relative to those of the controls, according to quantitative PCR and immunostaining. In addition, spermatocyte was observed in the control, but not in 50 μM resmethrin-exposed cultures. Levels of the SYCP3 meiotic marker and phosphorylated H2AX decreased by resmethrin treatment, as observed by Western blotting. Toxic or apoptotic effects of resmethrin in Sertoli and Leydig cells from MTFs were not observed by immunostaining and Tunnel assay. No changes in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes were noted. Apoptosis was only detected in the germ cells of resmethrin-treated MTFs. Thus, the highest dose of resmethrin tested (50 μM) completely inhibited spermatogenesis, because of apoptosis of germ cells and spermatocytes. Although the in vivo toxicity of resmethrin has not yet been studied in detail, significant evidence for cytotoxicity was observed in our organ cultures. This methodological approach is useful for the study of reproductive toxicity before proceeding to animal models, as it greatly reduces the use of laboratory animals.