bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of a Media-Induced Nocebo Response Following a Nationwide Antidepressant Drug Switch
Authors: MacKrill Kate , Gamble Greg D. , Bean Debbie J. , Cundy Tim , Petrie Keith J. 
Published: March 2019

In 2017, patients on a generic or branded antidepressant venlafaxine were switched to a new generic formulation (Enlafax). In February and April 2018, two major NZ media outlets
ran stories about the new generic being less effective and causing specific side effects. This study aimed to examine the effect of the media coverage on drug side effects
reported to the national Centre for Adverse Reactions Monitoring (CARM) and whether the specific symptoms reported in the media increased compared to side effects not reported
in the media.

We analysed monthly adverse reaction reports for Enlafax to CARM from October 2017 to June 2018 and compared adverse reports, complaints of decreased therapeutic effect and
specific symptom reports before and after the media coverage using an interrupted time series analysis.

We found the number of side effects and complaints of reduced therapeutic effect increased significantly following the media stories (interruption effect = 41.83, 95% CI [25.25,
58.41], p = .003; interruption effect = 15.49, 95% CI [7.01, 23.98], p = .012, respectively). The specific side effects mentioned in the media coverage, including suicidal
thoughts, also increased significantly compared to other side effects not mentioned in the media.

In the context of a drug switch, media reports of side effects appear to cause a strong nocebo response by increasing both the overall rate of side effect reporting and an
increase in the specific side effects mentioned in the media coverage, including reduced drug efficacy and heightened suicidal thoughts.

The study provides further evidence that media coverage of side effects can induce a nocebo effect.

This is the first study to look at media coverage of an antidepressant brand switch.

The increase in reported adverse events was higher for those symptoms mentioned in the media reports.

The study provides further evidence that media coverage of side effects can induce a nocebo effect.
This is the first study to look at media coverage of an antidepressant brand switch.
The increase in reported adverse events was higher for those symptoms mentioned in the media reports.
PENGARUH DEPOMEDROKSI PROGESTERON ASETAT (DMPA) TERHADAP EKSPRESI ESTROGEN RESEPTOR ALPHA (ER-Α) PADA RATTUS NOVERGICUS
Authors: Fitrianingtyas Rizki , Anggreni Ernawati 
Published: March 2019

Salah satu metode kontrasepsi yang dianggap cukup ideal adalah kontrasepsi suntik Depo Medroksiprogesteron Asetat (DMPA). Kontrasepsi suntik DMPA ini adalah salah satu jenis kontrasespi suntikan yang hanya mengandung progestin saja dan disuntikkan setiap tiga bulan. Perempuan yang telah menggunakan DMPA selama suntikan pertama dan kedua mempunyai histologi endometrium yang atropi, penurunan kepadatan microvaskuler, epitelium menjadi tipis, mengecilnya kelenjar dan meluas, dinding pembuluh darah yang tipis. Rata-rata 60 % mantan akseptor sudah hamil dalam waktu 1 tahun dan lebih dari 90 % dalam waktu 2 tahun. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan apakah DMPA dapat mempengaruhi Ekspresi Estrogen Receptor-α (ER-α) Pada endometrium Tikus (Rattus Novergicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan true experiment dengan rancangan randomized post test cotrol group design menggunakan 30 ekor tikus betina yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif, , kelompok P1 (Pemberian DMPA selama 1 bulan, kelompok P2 (DMPA selama 2 bulan). Ekspresi ER-α diamati dengan mengunakan metode immunohistochimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan dan berbeda secara signifikan ( p value>0,05) Ekspresi Estrogen Receptor-α (ER-α) terhadap kelompok perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2.. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian suntikan DMPA mampu menurunkan Ekspresi Estrogen Receptor-α (ER-α).
Kata Kunci : DMPA, Ekspresi ER-α,
Vascular Access Profile of End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh
Authors: Billah Md Mostarshid , Rahman Md Anisur , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Chowdhury Tufayel Ahmed , Latif Md Abdul , Annana Mehruba Alam , Haque Wasim Md Mohsinul , Iqbal Sarwar , Mansur Md Abul 
Published: March 2019

Background: A well-functioning vascular access (VA) is essential to provide efficient hemodialysis (HD) therapy. There are 3 main types of access: arterio-venous fistula (AVF), arterio-venous graft (AVG) and central venous catheter (temporary or permanent). The aim of our study was to find vascular access profile of ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Nephrology and Dialysis of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from November to December, 2015. After taking informed consent from the patients, data were collected from face to face interview and record books of the patients.
Results: Total patients were 107, male were 78 (72.9 %) and female were 29 (27.1%). The mean age was 57.3 ± 11.4 (range 32-80) years. Mean duration of CKD was found 5.7 ± 4.2 (range 1-20) years. Maximum dialysis duration was 6.5 years with mean of 1.7 ± 1.3 years. Near two-thirds (68.2%) of the patients were on thrice-weekly dialysis and one-third (31.8%) were on twice-weekly dialysis. The vascular access at initiation of dialysis was temporary catheter in majority (91.6%) of study participant and AV fistula in 8.4% cases. Of temporary catheter one-third (33.7%) were temporary jugular catheter and two-third (66.3%) were temporary femoral catheter. Among jugular catheter 9.1% were left sided catheter and rest (90.9%) were right sided catheter. Among the femoral catheter 70.8% and 29.2% were right and left side respectively. The current vascular access was AV fistula in 90.7%, temporary catheters 4.7%, permanent catheter 3.7% and AVG 0.9% in study patients. Of AVF near one third (29.9%) were radio-cephalic and 70.1% were brachial (62.6% brachio-cephalic, 7.5% brachio-basilic) fistulas. About seventeen percent (16.8%) patients had AVF failure.
Conclusion: Temporary dialysis catheters were the most common initial vascular access. Less than one-tenth patients started dialysis with AV fistula. More than two-thirds patients were on thrice weekly dialysis. AV fistula was the most common current vascular access with very small number of permanent catheter and AV graft.
Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 26-28
An Approach to Soft Tissue Mass In The Gall Bladder
Authors: Alam Hasina , Ahmed Tanvir , Rabbi Hashim , Rashid Md Mamunur , Ali Mohammad 
Published: March 2019

Background: Soft tissue mass in gall bladder (GB) is a radiologic finding commonly encountered in surgical practice. It needs proper evaluation as there is a fair chance that it can be a malignant lesion. Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is considered an incurable disease with an extremely poor prognosis. However, there is good chance of survival if it can be diagnosed in earlier stages (stage Ib, II, selective III).
Methods: All consecutive cases of soft tissue mass lesions of GB found in ultrasonogram of abdomen and admitted in Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery (HBPS) unit of BIRDEM hospital, from January 2009- September 2016, were included in this study. Detailed history and thorough clinical examination was done in all cases. Pre-operative evaluations were done by ultrasound, Tumor marker (CA19.9) & CT scan,. CT scan was a crucial investigation for all the patients, as depending on the findings, decision was made whether a patient is eligible for a possible curative surgery or not. On-table frozen section biopsy or imprint cytology was done for tissue diagnosis. Radical resection was done for the histology/ cytology proved malignancy of gallbladder (stage Ib, II, selective III). Post-cholecystectomy patients also underwent full thickness excision of the umbilical port. In benign cases only cholecystectomy was done. Advanced GBC cases underwent FNAC for tissue diagnosis followed by palliative chemotherapy. Some needed endoscopic or surgical palliation in the form of percutaneous external biliary drainage, endobiliary prosthesis, triple bypass, hepaticojejunostomy, left duct anastomosis, gastrojejunostomy, ileotransverse anastomosis, external biliary drainage etc before chemotherapy. All the GBC patients were regularly followed according to a schedule.
Results: We are reporting 334 cases of soft tissue mass lesions of GB. Female 191 (57.2%) and male 143 (42.81%), M : F = 1 : 1.3 ,,between the ages of 32 and 88 years. Of these, 81 patients (24.2%) turned out to be benign; another 81 patients (24.2%) were in early stage (Ib, II selective III). The rest of 172 patients (51.5%) showed signs of advanced malignancy in USG & CT scan. Post-operative complications occurred in 27 cases (8.1%). During follow-up, 34 patients (42%) have crossed their 5 years of disease free survival after curative surgery. Rest of the patients (44 cases), after curative surgery, are still under follow-up. The 172 patients in Stage III & IV disease who underwent some sort of palliative procedure, had a mean survival of 7.2 months.
Conclusion: Soft tissue mass in gall bladder picked up by imaging has a very high chance to be malignant. Among these malignant patients, a good number has a chance of curative resection if evaluated and managed properly.
Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 29-34
Pattern of Tumour among Hepatocelluar Carcinoma Patients attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Hossain Md Akter , Haque Md Saiful , Rahman Md Ashikur , Nasreen Zinat , Bhuiya Mostaque Ahmed , Siddique Abu Bakar 
Published: March 2019

Background: The pattern of hepatocelluar carcinoma may vary in different patients.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the pattern of hepatocelluar carcinoma among the patients attended at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka and Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2007 to May 2008 for a period of around one and half year. All the patients presented with hepatocellular carcinoma at the age group of more than 20 years with both sexes were selected as study population. The patients were undergone CT-scan examination and the confirmation was performed by histopathological examination. The details of the pattern of tumor among the hepatocellular carcinoma patients were examined and were recorded.
Result: A total number of 50 patients were recruited in this study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Mean age with SD of study population was 48.78 ±12.07. Within 25 cases of HCC as diagnosed by CT scan 13(52%) had solitary lesion 7(28%) had multiple lesions and remaining 5(20%) had diffuse lesions. The tumour size of 8 cm or more was the highest which was 10 in numbers. However, 4 to 8 cm was found in 7(28.0%) cases and 3 to 4 cm was detected in 3(12.0%) cases.
Conclusion: In conclusion most of the HCC is solitary lesion with more than 8 cm in size.
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):6-9
Küçük Armenia Krallığı'nın Kuzeybatısı: Antiochia ad Taurum
Authors: ÇALIŞ Said Mübin 
Published: March 2019

Küçük Asya'nın doğusunda Persler ve Urartulara bağlı yaşadığı bilinen Ermeni toplumu; M.Ö. VIII. yüzyılda başlayan İskit - Kimmer istilası sonrasında Küçük Asya'nın doğusunda oluşan siyasi boşluktan faydalanarak "Ermeni Krallığı" adı altında bir bağımsız devlet meydana getirmişlerdir. M.Ö. 188 yılındaki Apamea Barışı'yla Ön Asya'daki Seleukos egemenliği yıkılmış, Roma İmparatorları Ön Asya'daki yerli krallıkları doğudaki Parthlara karşı siyasi hegemonyasının devamı için desteklemişlerdir. Bu dönemde Roma'nın doğu politikasında önemli bir Roma destekçisi olarak görülen Ermeni Krallığı; M.Ö. II. yüzyıl sonunda askeri ve politik yönden güçlenmiş, Büyük ve Küçük Ermeni Krallığı olmak üzere iki ayrı siyasi teşkilatlanma halinde idare edilmeye başlanmıştır. Roma; Küçük Asya'daki hakimiyeti üzerinde önemli bir engel olarak gördüğü Pontos Kralı VI. Mithridates ile uğraşırken Ermeni Kralı II.Tigranes ise bu durumdan faydalanarak ülkesinin sınırlarını Suriye'den Kuzeybatı İran'a kadar genişletmiştir. II. Tigranes döneminde en parlak zamanını yaşayan Ermeni Krallığı; Antiochia ad Taurum (Maraş) ve çevresine M.Ö. 83 ile M.Ö. 69 yılları arasında hakim olmuş, Küçük Ermeni Krallığı olarak bilinen bölgeye bu kenti dahil etmişlerdir. Bu çalışma; M.Ö. IX. ile M.Ö. I. yüzyıllar arasında Antiochia ad Taurum (Maraş) ve çevresindeki Ermenilerin durumu, özellikle M.Ö. I. yüzyılda meydana gelen Ermenilere bağlı nüfus hareketliliği ve politik gelişmeler hakkında bilgiler vermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Eğitim Teknolojisi Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: KURU Esma , KURU Oğuzhan 
Published: March 2019

Bu
araştırmada eğitim fakültesinde farklı sınıf düzeylerinde öğrenim gören sınıf
öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin “eğitim teknolojisi” kavramına yönelik algıları
tespit edilip değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı, insan yaşamının daha
verimli hale getirilmesi adına eğitim - öğretim hayatı için önemli olarak
görülen “eğitim teknolojisi” kavramının
pratikte nasıl bir anlam ifade ettiğini, öğrenciler tarafından metaforik olarak
nasıl algılandığını tespit etmektir. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının “eğitim teknolojisi”
kavramına ilişkin metaforik algılarının belirlenmeye çalışıldığı bu çalışmada nitel
araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma
grubunu 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi
Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencileri
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş 2., 3., ve
4. sınıf 153 sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler
araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış “Eğitim Teknolojisi… gibidir, çünkü…” sorusunu
içeren eksik bırakılmış cümleden oluşan bir form yardımıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın
sonuçlarına göre katılımcılar tarafından birbirinden farklı 102metafor
üretildiği görülmüştür. Metaforlar anlamsal açıdan birbirlerine olan
benzerliklerine göre kategorilere ayrılarak 7 olumlu anlam içeren kategori
oluşturulmuştur. Üretilen 46 metafor ile en fazla metafor sayısına sahip olan
kategori “Temel gereksinimin sembolü olarak eğitim teknolojisi” kategorisidir
(f=74). Kategori bünyesinde en fazla değinilen Metaforlar ise “su”, “güneş”,
“kitap”, “beyin” metaforu olmuştur. En az metaforun üretildiği ve en az öğrenci
sayısına sahip (f=7) kategori ise “Gelişimin sembolü olarak eğitim teknolojisi”
kategorisi olarak belirlenmiştir. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının eğitim teknoloji
kavramına ilişkin olumlu bir algıya sahip oldukları ve kavrama ilişkin olarak
olumsuz bir metafor üretmedikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Small Mammals from Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Authors: ALI ANWARALI KHAN FAISAL , FARAH DIYANA AHMAD TAHIR NURUL , PARVIN HABEEBUR RAHMAN SULTANA , WILLIAM DEE JULIUS , MORNI MUHD AMSYARI , SHYAMRI ROSLI QHAIRIL , CHAYA TAWIE TINGGA ROBERTA , ABD RAHMAN MOHD RIDWAN , AZHAR ISHAM 
Published: March 2019

Small mammal survey was conducted at Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary (WS) from 20th until 25th October 2014. This survey aimed to assess the diversity of small mammals particularly from the order Chiroptera, Insectivora, Rodentia and Scadentia. These orders were targeted primarily to gain better understanding on the ecology and distribution of these understudied taxa in Borneo. Our survey recorded a total of 30 species of small mammals from six trapping nights. Order Chiroptera was recorded with the highest number of species (seven families; 22 species), followed by order Rodentia (two families; six species) and order Scandentia (two species). None was recorded from the order Insectivora. The most abundant species were Rhinolophus trifoliatus (n=6) for Chiroptera, Maxomys whiteheadi (n=7) for Rodentia and Tupaia tana (n=5) for Scandentia. Data presented here is the first comprehensive information on Samunsam’s small mammals. This data can be used to gain better insights on the population trends at regional and local scale, as well as in improving the management plans of Samunsam WS. Although species diversity in Samunsam WS is comparable to other sites in western Sarawak, result presented here need to be treated with caution as this is the first comprehensive study that only cover area close to park headquarters. Keywords: Chiroptera, diversity, Insectivora, inventory, Rodentia, Scandentia
Effect of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Maturity on Sucker Food Reserve and Survivability during Nursery Stage
Authors: STANLEY HOWELL PETER , BULAN PETRUS , PSYQUAY ABDULLAH NUR ASHIKIN , BUSRI NORAINI , JIWAN MAKE 
Published: March 2019

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) which accumulates starch in its trunk can be propagated through suckers which are normally nursed for at least six months before planting them to the field. Using suckers had been long practiced by local sago farmers as it is the most reliable source of planting materials for sago cultivation. However, effective and efficient sago suckers selection and extraction methodology had yet to been documented. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of sago palm maturity that influences the sucker food reserve availability and survivability during nursery stage. Sucker survivability was recorded from the observation and monitoring on nursed suckers using polyethylene nursery bag for six months. Chemical analysis on the sucker’s rhizome for sugar and starch content were determined using Anthrone and Somogyi-Nelson method, respectively. The result showed that sucker derived from mature mother palm have higher survival rate of 82.5 % than those from young mother palm with only 45% during nursery stage. Chemical analysis on the rhizome for sucker from mature mother palm showed higher percentage of starch and sugar with 29.21% and 4.38%, respectively as compared to suckers from young mother palm with only 9.37% starch and 3.92% sugar. The result showed that sago suckers derived from mature mother palm have higher food reserve stored in their rhizome for roots and leaves development which was critical for their survivability. This outcome strongly suggested that only sago suckers from mature mother palm are suitable to be selected as planting material than those from young mother palm.
Keywords: Food reserve, nursery stage, palm maturity, sucker survivability
Characterization of Roasted Coffee Aroma by Optimizing Roaster Parameters
Authors: Ridwan Firman , Novison Roni 
Published: March 2019

This study was aimed to improve the quality of aroma of roasted coffee by using Taguchi's design as experimental technique. The roaster parameters evaluated were temperature, incubation time, moisture content and cylinder rotational speed. An orthogonal array L9, signal to noise ratio and ANOVA were employed to investigate the influence of the roaster parameters. The results showed that the optimal roasted coffee aroma was produced at a temperature of 170◦C, incubation time of 14 minutes, moisture content of 6% (v/w) and cylinder rotational speed of 50 rpm. The most to less significant roasting parameters as observed in this study were as follows: temperature, incubation time, moisture content and cylinder rotational speed. Furthermore, the results showed that the Taguchi design was better than the full experimental design in solving experiments with a minimum number.
Keywords: ANOVA, Coffee roaster, Roasted coffee aroma, Signal to noise ratio, Taguchi technique
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND ACCRETIVE SHARE BUYBACK TO MEET OR BEAT EARNINGS PER SHARE FORECAST
Authors: Chandren Sitraselvi , Ahmad Zamri , Ali Ruhani 
Published: March 2019

This study examines the Malaysian accretive share buybacks firms from year 2001 to 2008 to determine the relationship between the corporate governance mechanisms and accretive share buybacks, the earnings management device to meet or beat earnings per share (EPS) forecast. The regression results of this study reports the significant effect on the relationship between corporate governance and accretive share buyback. Basically, there is positive effect on the relationship between the board independence, CEO duality and board size with the accretive share buyback to meet or beat EPS forecast (MBEF). Multiple directorships and managerial ownership documents a negative relationship with accretive share buyback to MBEF. However, this study identified insignificant relationship between board meetings and accretive share buyback. Using the accretive share buyback as an earnings management proxy is a new contribution to determine the roles of corporate governance on accretive share buyback to MBEF rather a common study on accruals manipulations and corporate governance mechanisms.
Keywords: Accretive Share Buyback; Corporate Governance; Earnings Management; Earnings per Share.
Risk Evaluation Using the Theory of Generalized Actuarial Calculations
Authors: Ryzhkov O. Yu. , Glinskiy V. V. 
Published: March 2019

The article is prepared based on the results of theoretical studies conducted by the authors in the field of actuarial calculations, the improvement of which is one of the development directions for statistical science.In modern economic conditions, the assessment of risks inherent in economic entities in all spheres of activity and leading to significant losses, such as credit, operational risk, liquidity risk, and so forth is of particular importance. Quantitative assessment of the level of risks is the subject of actuarial calculations. However, the existing apparatus of actuarial science is mainly focused on solving specific issues facing the insurance industry (including pension insurance) and is not adapted to assess the level of risk.The article presents the key positions of the author’s theory of actuarial calculations, which oﬀers a generalized approach to solving actuarial problems in various types of economic activities using a variety of information about the risk. The basic idea of the theory is that any result of actuarial calculations can be expressed in terms of quantiles of the future net loss associated with the realization of risk.The estimation of each quantile can be considered as a special case of evaluation of unobserved economic values, such as cost, projected profit, and so forth. The problem of estimating these values lies with the multivariance of the original data and methods, as a result of which diﬀerent specialists often receive significantly divergent estimates.For this, the author proposed to use the methodology of evaluation, which consists in obtaining the median of all single estimates that can be obtained from representative samples of possible scenarios, evaluation models and values of the original data. This methodology can be used to estimate the quantiles of the future loss, and the complexity of the original data involves the use of numerical methods, in particular, the Monte Carlo method.The authors tested research tools on the example of solving the problem of quantitative characteristic of credit risk. They also constructed and estimated the mathematical and statistical model of loss from the default of the borrower, and proved the possibility of suﬃcient repeatability and reproducibility of results. The data of state statistics, financial statements of credit institutions, model estimates served as initial data.