bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MDM2 inhibitor ameliorates cisplatin‐induced nephropathy via NFκΒ signal inhibition
Authors: Fujikura Tomoyuki , Yasuda Hideo , Iwakura Takamasa , Tsuji Takayuki , Anders Hans‐J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCisplatin is a platinum‐containing chemotherapeutic drug, which is widely used and highly effective. While effective against tumors, its use is limited by severe side effects such as nephrotoxicity and bone marrow suppression. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is the E3 ubiquitin ligase of the tumor suppressor gene, p53, and inhibition of MDM2 can suppress tumor cell growth. However, independent of p53, MDM2 acts as a co‐transcription factor for nuclear factor‐κB (NFκB), whose signaling can be involved in cisplatin‐induced tubular injury. We therefore examined the effects of MDM2 inhibitor on cisplatin cytotoxicity. In order to induce acute kidney injury and to investigate MDM2 inhibitory effects, we injected cisplatin into rats with or without the MDM2 inhibitor, DS‐5272, and analyzed kidney physiology/histology and NFκB signaling. Serum creatinine was significantly lower in the DS‐5272 group than in the vehicle group on day 3 (0.55 ± 0.069 vs 0.70 ± 0.072 mg/dL, P < 0.05). DS‐5272 also significantly decreased kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1) expression, improved tubular injury, and decreased apoptotic cells. Western blotting showed that cisplatin increased NFκB phosphorylation in kidneys, which was significantly suppressed by DS‐5272. In vitro, we treated HEK 293 cells with cisplatin, in the absence or presence of DS‐5272, and examined cytotoxicity and NFκB transcriptional activity. DS‐5272 co‐treatment reduced both cisplatin‐induced cell death and NFκB transcriptional activity. Collectively, these findings suggest that DS‐5272 can ameliorate cisplatin nephrotoxicity via NFκB signal inhibition.
Bistability of an iron‐cobalt binuclear complex
Authors: Sabzyan Hassan , Shirani Hossein 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBistability of the four cis/trans isomers of the proposed iron‐cobalt binuclear complex [(CO)2(benzoate‐)FeII/III(‐terephthalate‐)CoIII/II(‐benzoate)(CO)2]1+, arising from the FeII/III ↔ CoIII/II intramolecular charge transfer (IMCT) is investigated computationally at (TD)DFT‐B3LYP/LanL2DZ level of theory. Energies, geometries, atomic charges, and the UV‐Vis spectra are considered in this investigation. Results approve IMCT bistability of all cis/trans isomers by locating two stable states with distinctly different structures and charge distributions (FeII‐CoIII and FeIII‐CoII oxidation states). Also, well‐defined first‐order saddle points between these two IMCT states are found and characterized using QST2/QST3 method. Based on the analysis of the calculated charge distributions and the 0.35‐1.66 eV activation (barrier) energies of the FeII‐CoIII ↔ FeIII‐CoII IMCT reactions, it can be predicted that electric field or NIR radiation may be used to switch between the two IMCT states of this bistable binuclear complex. It is also found that the cis/trans isomerization has significant effects on the energetics of this IMCT reaction, and that the trans‐FeII/III‐trans‐CoIII/II isomer is the best candidate for prospective switching application due to having the least energy dissipation and the largest charge transfer.
Robust event‐triggered model predictive control for constrained linear continuous system
Authors: Luo Yu , Xia Yuanqing , Sun Zhongqi 
Published: December 2018

SummaryModel predictive control (MPC) is capable to deal with multiconstraint systems in real control processes; however, the heavy computation makes it difficult to implement. In this paper, a dual‐mode control strategy based on event‐triggered MPC (ETMPC) and state‐feedback control for continuous linear time‐invariant systems including control input constraints and bounded disturbances is developed. First, the deviation between the actual state trajectory and the optimal state trajectory is computed to set an event‐triggered mechanism and reduce the computational load of MPC. Next, the dual‐mode control strategy is designed to stabilize the system. Both recursive feasibility and stability of the strategy are guaranteed by constructing a feasible control sequence and deducing the relationship of parameters, especially the inter‐event time and the upper bound of the disturbances. Finally, the theoretical results are supported by numerical simulation. In addition, the effects of the parameters are discussed by simulation, which gives guidance to balance computational load and control performance.
Coding of Experimental Conditions in Microfluidic Droplet Assays Using Colored Beads and Machine Learning Supported Image Analysis
Authors: Svensson Carl‐Magnus , Shvydkiv Oksana , Dietrich Stefanie , Mahler Lisa , Weber Thomas , Choudhary Mahipal , Tovar Miguel , Figge Marc Thilo , Roth Martin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo efficiently exploit the potential of several millions of droplets that can be considered as individual bioreactors in microfluidic experiments, methods to encode different experimental conditions in droplets are needed. The approach presented here is based on coencapsulation of colored polystyrene beads with biological samples. The decoding of the droplets, as well as content quantification, are performed by automated analysis of triggered images of individual droplets in‐flow using bright‐field microscopy. The decoding strategy combines bead classification using a random forest classifier and Bayesian inference to identify different codes and thus experimental conditions. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of nine different antibiotics and the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of a specific antibiotic against a laboratory strain of Escherichia coli are presented as a proof‐of‐principle. It is demonstrated that this method allows successful encoding and decoding of 20 different experimental conditions within a large droplet population of more than 105 droplets per condition. The decoding strategy correctly assigns 99.6% of droplets to the correct condition and a method for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration using droplet microfluidics is established. The current encoding and decoding pipeline can readily be extended to more codes by adding more bead colors or color combinations.
Multiple approaches to sexually transmitted infections: from diagnosis to treatment
Authors: Cunha e Silva José Antonio Dias da , Valadão Marcus , Iglesias Antonio Carlos 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSexually transmitted infections are mainly caused by viruses and bacteria. They are transmitted trough sexual intercourse, without a condom, with an infected individual. The anus, vagina, and mouth may become involved. This study aimed to present six clinical cases with the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections, but in which different treatment approaches were required. This demonstrates the dynamic and unique character of the disease in each individual. That is, the behavior of sexually transmitted infections will vary not only according to its causative microorganism (virus or bacteria), but also according to the characteristics of the combination of etiologic agent and host.
The Age‐Well randomized controlled trial of the Medit‐Ageing European project: Effect of meditation or foreign language training on brain and mental health in older adults
Authors: Poisnel Géraldine , Arenaza‐Urquijo Eider , Collette Fabienne , Klimecki Olga M. , Marchant Natalie L. , Wirth Miranka , de La Sayette Vincent , Rauchs Géraldine , Salmon Eric , Vuilleumier Patrik , Frison Eric , Maillard Aline , Vivien Denis , Lutz Antoine , Chételat Gaël ,   Medit‐Ageing Research Group
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe Age‐Well clinical trial is an ongoing monocentric, randomized, controlled trial aiming to assess an 18‐month preventive meditation‐based intervention directly targeting the attentional and emotional dimensions of aging to promote mental health and well‐being in elderly people.MethodsOne hundred thirty‐seven cognitively unimpaired older adults are randomized to either an 18‐month meditation‐based intervention, a structurally matched foreign language training, or a passive control arm. The impact of the intervention and underlying mechanisms are assessed with detailed cognitive, behavioral, biological, neuroimaging and sleep examinations.ResultsRecruitment began in late 2016 and ended in May 2018. The interventions are ongoing and will be completed by early 2020.DiscussionThis is the first trial addressing the emotional and cognitive dimension of aging with a long‐term nonpharmacological approach and using comprehensive assessments to investigate the mechanisms. Results are expected to foster the development of preventive strategies reducing the negative impact of mental conditions and disorders.
The Influence of Partner Smoking, Relationship Satisfaction and Parental Stress on Tobacco Use
Authors: Foulstone Alexis R. , Kifle Temesgen , Kelly Adrian B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionDespite declines in tobacco use during pregnancy and after childbirth, smoking remains unacceptably high among many parents. Smoking maintenance or relapse may be common in couple relationships when the other parent continues to smoke, when relationship satisfaction is low, or parental stress high.AimTo examine the longitudinal influence of partner tobacco use, relationship satisfaction and parental stress on tobacco use after childbirth.MethodsData was obtained from 115 Australian heterosexual adult couples (Mean age = 31.8) who reported being pregnant in the previous year and the female partner was a previous or current smoker. A household longitudinal survey was administered in which measures of tobacco use, relationship satisfaction and parental stress were assessed on four occasions over nine years.ResultsOverall reductions in tobacco use occurred over the nine-year assessment period, although a small percentage (9.6%) of parents reported being daily smokers at every assessment. Similarly, a small proportion (13.1%) of parents relapsed to using tobacco during the assessment period. A random effects binary logit model indicated that mothers and fathers were more likely to continue or relapse to tobacco use if their partners smoked. Mothers were more likely to quit smoking if they became pregnant between the assessment waves, but for males, having a pregnant partner was not a significant predictor of tobacco cessation.ConclusionWhile pregnancy is associated with smoking cessation for mothers, both mothers and fathers are at elevated risk of continued tobacco smoking or relapse if their partner smokes during the first nine years after childbirth. For parents who continue to smoke cigarettes or relapse after childbirth, engagement of the partner in smoking cessation may be a key factor in promoting positive outcomes.
Acoustic deployments reveal Antarctic silverfish under ice in the Ross Sea
Authors: O’Driscoll Richard L. , Ladroit Yoann , Parker Steven J. , Vacchi Marino , Canese Simonepietro , Ghigliotti Laura , Dunford Adam J. , Mormede Sophie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAntarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticaBoulenger) are a keystone species in the Ross Sea. Silverfish eggs and larvae are abundant during spring amongst the sub-surface platelet ice in Terra Nova Bay. It is not known whether the eggs are spawned elsewhere and accumulate under the ice or whether there is mass migration of silverfish to coastal spawning sites in winter. To test the latter hypothesis, an upward-looking 67 kHz echo sounder was moored in Terra Nova Bay to observe potential silverfish migration. The echo sounder was deployed at 380 m in a seabed depth of 550 m and ran for 210 days from 15 May until 11 December 2015. Acoustic reflections consistent with silverfish were observed at depths of 230–380 m during 9–22 September. This timing is consistent with the presence of eggs typically observed in October. Adult silverfish were also detected with an echo sounder and camera deployed through the ice in McMurdo Sound on 10 November 2015. Juvenile silverfish, but not adults, were observed through the ice in Terra Nova Bay during 11–16 November 2017. This paper provides a proof of concept, showing that innovative use of acoustics may help fill important observation gaps in the life history of silverfish.
Dynamic biogeographic models and dinosaur origins
Authors: LEE Michael S. Y. , BARON Matthew G. , NORMAN David B. , BARRETT Paul M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTA comprehensive analysis of early dinosaur relationships raised the possibility that the group may have originated in Laurasia (Northern Hemisphere), rather than Gondwana (Southern Hemisphere) as often thought. However, that study focused solely on morphology and phylogenetic relationships and did not quantitatively evaluate this issue. Here, we investigate dinosaur origins using a novel Bayesian framework uniting tip-dated phylogenetics with dynamic, time-sliced biogeographic methods, which explicitly account for the age and locality of fossils and the changing interconnections of areas through time due to tectonic and eustatic change. Our analysis finds strong support for a Gondwanan origin of Dinosauria, with 99 % probability for South America (83 % for southern South America). Parsimony analysis gives concordant results. Inclusion of time-sliced biogeographic information affects ancestral state reconstructions (e.g., high connectivity between two regions increases uncertainty over which is the ancestral area) and influences tree topology (disfavouring uniting fossil taxa from localities that were widely separated during the relevant time slice). Our approach directly integrates plate tectonics with phylogenetics and divergence dating, and in doing so reaffirms southern South America as the most likely area for the geographic origin of Dinosauria.
The Evaluation of Creative Ideas in Older and Younger Adults
Authors: Privodnova Evgeniya Yu. , Volf Nina V. , Knyazev Gennady G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The ability to solve problems of divergent type is one of the most intact functions in successful aging. However, neurophysiologic mechanisms that support the efficiency of creative thinking remain largely unknown. This study was aimed to investigate age-related difference in localized induced electroencephalogram (EEG) changes during creative idea evaluation stage of divergent problem-solving (Alternate Uses Task), using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. Younger (45 women, 44 men, Mage = 22.1 years, age range: 18–30 years) and older adults (46 women, 43 men, Mage = 64.9 years, age range: 55–75 years) participated in the study. Higher synchronization in individually adjusted theta frequency band [from (individual alpha peak frequency −6 Hz) to (individual alpha peak frequency −4 Hz)] in anterior areas with the maximum values in anterior cingulate gyrus was revealed in older as compared with younger participants by group contrast. Higher desynchronization in wide beta range [from (individual alpha peak frequency +2 Hz) to 30 Hz] was localized in posterior brain regions with the highest values in posterior cingulate gyrus, precuneus, and parietal lobule in older adults. Induced beta 2 synchronization was positively correlated with originality (as measured by the mean frequency of ideas) in younger and years of education in older subjects. Based on the data, it was supposed that controlling the decision-making processes is more important for older adults while maintenance of the internal image of elements’ recombination may play essential role for younger subjects.
The Intensities of High Frequency‐Enhanced Plasma and Ion Lines During Ionospheric Heating
Authors: Wu Jun , Wu Jian , Rietveld M. T. , Haggstrom I. , Xu Zhengwen , Zhang Yabin , Xu Tong , Zhao Haisheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn ultrahigh frequency (UHF) observation during an ionospheric heating campaign at European Incoherent SCATter scientific association (EISCAT) demonstrates that the electron temperature and the intensities of the enhanced plasma and ion lines systematically vary as a function of the pump frequency near the fifth electron gyroharmonic. Specifically, with the change in the pump frequency, the weaker the enhancement in the electron temperature is, the more intense the intensities of the enhanced ion line is. The analysis shows that the enhanced electron temperature plays a significant role in determining the intensities of the enhanced Langmuir and ion acoustic waves by the parametric decay instability and the oscillation two‐stream instability, and the intensities of the enhanced plasma and ion lines depend on whether the enhanced Langmuir and ion acoustic waves satisfy the Bragg condition exactly or approximately. Moreover, an alternative explanation for the overshoots in the enhanced plasma and ion lines is presented, namely, the overshoots may be attributed not only to the anomalous absorption of the pump but also to the modifications of the plasma on the traveling path of the enhanced Langmuir and ion acoustic waves.
Image of Forbush Decrease in a Magnetic Cloud by Three Moments of Cosmic Ray Distribution Function
Authors: Petukhova A. S. , Petukhov I. S. , Petukhov S. I. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe time dynamics of the cosmic ray distribution function in a magnetic cloud is calculated. The magnetic cloud has the form of a torus segment with the force‐free magnetic field structure at the initial moment. The subsequent propagation of the magnetic cloud in interplanetary space is determined by inertial description. The magnetic field is determined by the frozen‐in condition. When calculating the particle distribution function, the electromagnetic field of the magnetic cloud is taken into account, with the scattering of particles not being taken into account. Relations between the particle distribution function and its three moments (particle density and unidirectional and bidirectional anisotropies) are derived. It is established that cosmic ray losses at the regions connecting the magnetic cloud with the Sun determine the amplitude of the second step of Forbush decrease. The time dependence of the Forbush decrease characteristics on magnetic cloud type is determined. The calculation results of the particle density and unidirectional anisotropy generally correspond to measurements. The referred results show a prominent role of the magnetic field structure in the time dynamics of the Forbush decrease.
Exploratory genome-wide association analysis of response to ketamine and a polygenic analysis of response to scopolamine in depression
Authors: Guo Wei , Machado-Vieira Rodrigo , Mathew Sanjay , Murrough James W. , Charney Dennis S. , Grunebaum Matthew , Oquendo Maria A. , Kadriu Bashkim , Akula Nirmala , Henter Ioline , Yuan Peixiong , Merikangas Kathleen , Drevets Wayne , Furey Maura , Mann J. John , McMahon Francis J. , Zarate Carlos A. , Shugart Yin Yao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that the glutamatergic modulator ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depressed subjects. The anticholinergic agent scopolamine has also shown promise as a rapid-acting antidepressant. This study applied genome-wide markers to investigate the role of genetic variants in predicting acute antidepressant response to both agents. The ketamine-treated sample included 157 unrelated European subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). The scopolamine-treated sample comprised 37 unrelated European subjects diagnosed with either MDD or BD who had a current Major Depressive Episode (MDE), and had failed at least two adequate treatment trials for depression. Change in Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) or the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scale scores at day 1 (24 h post-treatment) was considered the primary outcome. Here, we conduct pilot genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses to identify potential markers of ketamine response and dissociative side effects. Polygenic risk score analysis of SNPs ranked by the strength of their association with ketamine response was then calculated in order to assess whether common genetic markers from the ketamine study could predict response to scopolamine. Findings require replication in larger samples in light of low power of analyses of these small samples. Neverthless, these data provide a promising illustration of our future potential to identify genetic variants underlying rapid treatment response in mood disorders and may ultimately guide individual patient treatment selection in the future.
Neural coding of intended and executed grasp force in macaque areas AIP, F5, and M1
Authors: Intveld Rijk W. , Dann Benjamin , Michaels Jonathan A. , Scherberger Hansjörg 
Published: December 2018

AbstractConsiderable progress has been made over the last decades in characterizing the neural coding of hand shape, but grasp force has been largely ignored. We trained two macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta)on a delayed grasping task where grip type and grip force were instructed. Neural population activity was recorded from areas relevant for grasp planning and execution: the anterior intraparietal area (AIP), F5 of the ventral premotor cortex, and the hand area of the primary motor cortex (M1). Grasp force was strongly encoded by neural populations of all three areas, thereby demonstrating for the first time the coding of grasp force in single- and multi-units of AIP. Neural coding of intended grasp force was most strongly represented in area F5. In addition to tuning analysis, a dimensionality reduction method revealed low-dimensional responses to grip type and grip force. Additionally, this method revealed a high correlation between latent variables of the neural population representing grasp force and the corresponding latent variables of electromyographic forearm muscle activity. Our results therefore suggest an important role of the cortical areas AIP, F5, and M1 in coding grasp force during movement execution as well as of F5 for coding intended grasp force.
Collective dipole oscillations of a spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas
Authors: Zhang Shanchao , He Chengdong , Hajiyev Elnur , Ren Zejian , Song Bo , Jo Gyu-Boong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe collective dipole mode is induced and measured in a spin-orbit (SO) coupled degenerate Fermi gas of 173Yb atoms. Using a differential optical Stark shift, we split the degeneracy of three hyperfine states in the ground manifold, and independently couple consecutive spin states with the equal Raman transitions. A relatively long-lived spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gas, readily being realized with a narrow optical transition, allows to explore a single-minimum dispersion where three minima of spin-1 system merge into and to monitor collective dipole modes of fermions in the strong coupling regime. The measured oscillation frequency of the dipole mode is compared with the semi-classical calculation in the single-particle regime. Our work should pave the way towards the characterization of spin-orbit-coupled fermions with large spin s >$$\frac{1}{2}$$

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in the strong coupling regime.