bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effort of utilizing foundry sand waste and paper sludge as raw materials replacement for red brand without burning process
Authors: Wati S E D F S , Putranto T W C , Citrasari N 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This research’s goal is to know the content of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the foundry sand, to know the selected variation as material for red brick without burning process based on SNI 15-2094-2000 on concrete red brick for walls and SNI 15-2094-1991 on the quality and the test method for concrete red brick and to know the content of heavy metal Zn from leaching process of the selected variations. The content of SiO2 and Al2O3 were tested by using X-Ray Fluorescence method, while the content of Zn at leached was tested by using Atomic Abrsoption Spectophotometry. The non-burning brick quality test was conducted in 5 stages, which are external display test, size and tolerance test, compressive strength test, harmful salt test, pseudo-density test and water absorption test. Variations of materials used are foundry sand: paper sludge: compactor ingredient in percentage is Variation A 75%:15%:10%; B 65%:25%:10%; C 55%:35%:10%; D 45%:45%:10%; E 0%:90%:10%; F 90%:0%:10%; and the Control Variation is G 90% sand:10%. The content of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the foundry sand are respectively 66.90% and 12.78%. The content of Zn in paper sludge is 54 mg/kg. The results of red brick testing shows that the selected variations are variations A, B, F which classified to Brick classs 50. Content of Zn in red brick leaching process of the selected variations are variations A, B, and F are respectively 0.61; 0.89; 0.21 mg/L.
Termiticidal Activities of The Bark Crude Extract of Derris Elliptica Benth Against Coptotermes sp
Authors: Arif A , Muin M , Syahidah  , Muliyani S 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Tuba (Derris elliptica) is one of the insecticide-producing plant which can reduce the pest population due to its active compound, rotenone (C23H2206). The rotenone is deposit in all parts of tuba plant, as such as roots, stems, and leaves. The aim of this research aims was to evaluate the effectiveness of tuba bark extract against subterranean termite Coptotermes sp. The powder of tuba bark extract with 40-60 mesh size macerated with the ethanol by solvent obtains the extract. The extract was made into varions concentration namely 0,5%, 1%, and 1,5%, and applied to the paper disc. There are two types of termite test in this study, namely toxicity test and respiratory test. The mortality of termite and the weight loss of the paper disc were used as indicators of extract activity. The result showed that the concentration of 1,5% indicated the highest mortality from both of two types of test. This study was similar for the lowest weight loss of sample which was also given by concentration 1,5%.
Assessing drought vulnerability using climate change models around Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Barkey R , Nursaputra M , Mappiase MF 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Climate variability causes increased rainfall intensity in the rainy season and an increase in the number of dry season days. This condition almost occurs in all parts of Indonesia, especially in the southern part of South Sulawesi Province, which has a fairly complex ecosystem characteristics, one of which is the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park ecosystem which has the character of a special landscape in the form of karst area and many community activities in several buffer villages. In Maros, Pangkep and Bone Regencies depend on their livelihood in the region. One of the impacts of climate change occurring around the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park area is the increasing potential for drought. Drought occurrences in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park mostly occur due to the low rainfall in the dry season which is facilitated by the characteristics of the land in the form of karst area which very quickly passes water down the surface so that the water concentration in the surface is very low. Drought hazard analysis in the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park Area was studied using the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model by analyzing the Soil Moisture Deficit Index (groundwater content) in actual conditions (climate period 2004-2013) and projected climate change in the 2030s period, using RCP 4.5 scenario (rainfall scenario tends to decrease) and RCP 6.0 (rainfall scenario tends to increase). Based on the analysis of the vulnerability model, it was found that some regions of the buffer villages of Bantimurung Balasaraung National Park had very high levels of vulnerability to drought hazards. The high level of vulnerability in actual conditions covers an area of 22,727.75 ha, and in the climate change scenario, 4.5 RCP covers 24,584.08 ha and RCP 6.0 scenarios covering an area of 20,642.81 ha.
Composition of bacteria types in the guts of Odontotermes sp. and Coptotermes sp. Preliminary study
Authors: Djunaid A , Yastrib I , Arif A , Muin M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Termites (Arthropoda: Isoptera) are social insects and well known as the most lignocellulose digesting insects with a great diversity of symbiont bacteria in their guts. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria types present in the termite guts of Odontotermes sp. and Coptotermes sp. These bacteria were isolated from the termite guts and characterized by using morphological observation and stain Gram test. Results showed that there were 19 colonies of bacteria isolated from Coptotermes sp. guts and 37 colonies of bacteria isolated from Odontotermes sp. In the lower termite Coptotermes sp., two bacterial isolates with different morphological characteristics were found, namely isolate BcCo-1 with Coccus form and BbCo-2 with Bacillus form. The bacteria present in the lower termite species consisted of 84% Coccus form and 16% Bacillus form. Both of the bacterial isolates were Gram positive. In the higher termite Odontotermes sp., two types of bacteria isolates were also found, namely BbOd-1 and BbOd-2 isolates. Both of the bacterial isolates were Bacillus forms and Gram positive. Isolate BbOd-1 has round shape, entire edges and flat elevation, meanwhile isolate BbOd-2 has a round shape, serrate edges, and convex elevation. In order to verify the species of the bacteria types, molecular diagnostic is truly needed.
The Mapping Out of Maros-Pangkep Karst Forest as a Cultural Heritage Conservation
Authors: Duli A , Mulyadi Y , Rosmawati  
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Maros-Pangkep Karst Forest is a biological wealth that has an important role in maintaining the sustainability of the macro environment ecosystem in this region. The maintenance of the MarosPangkep Karst Forest has a positive impact on ecosystem sustainability, which guarantees the continuation of cultural heritage from the past in the form of prehistoric caves in the region. Therefore, arranging the Maros-Pangkep Karst Forest principally is either for preserving the environmental ecosystem or for maintaining the cultural ecosystem as well. Thus the Maros-Pangkep Karst Forest must always be well organized and managed. This is due to the utilization of mining potential in this area which has an impact on the destruction of karst forests. The method of comparison of previous research data conducted in this article shows that efforts to organize the Maros-Pangkep Karst Forest need to be done immediately, due to the efforts of the current government to propose this area as Unesco Global Geopark.
Observation of morphological and physiological characteristics on Abangares Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) In South Sulawesi
Authors: Larekeng S H , Restu M , Arsyad M A , Mutia  
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe one of identification system using morphophysiological analyses for breeding program Mahogany is needed. Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) is a tree species which is easy to cultivate as it is able to thrive in a great variety of habitats and soil types. Here, we present a study on the relationship between morphological and physiological parameters on S. macrophylla. The study was carried out in a seed orchard of Mahogany in genetic resource area of 2ndForest Seed/Seedling Office, Gowa district, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, in October 2017 up to March 2018. Morphological and physiological analyses were performed on 31 S. macrophylla leaf samples. The morphological parameters consisted of leaf color, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf base, leaf margin, upper leaf surface texture, leaf venation, and tree diameter. Meanwhile, the physiological ones were chlorophyll content, leaf area, and water content. Leaf samples were divided into three colors, two leaf shapes, and three leaf base shapes. They also had tapered leaf tip, pinnate venation, and glabrous leaf surface. The chlorophyll content and leaf area had a very low coefficient correlation, whereas leaf area and water content showed very high coefficient correlation. The relation between morphology and physiology could be determined by the correspondence between chlorophyll content and leaf color. The higher chlorophyll content, the greener the observed leaf.
RAPD primer screening for amplification on Katokkon pepper from Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Larekeng S H , Dermawan R , Iswoyo H , Mustari K 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a well-known molecular marker that extensively applied to the genetic diversity analysis among species in the populations. Here, this marker was utilized in Katokkon pepper (Capsicum chinenseJacq.), a highland pepper and having unique characteristics cultivated in specific regions (Tana Toraja and North Toraja), on preliminary primer screening using 30 RAPD primer pairs. A total of eight primers (OPA-02, OPAE-11, OPG-09, M-29, OPP-08, OPG-19, OPZ-05, and OPD-20) could produce polymorphic bands on twelve randomly selected DNA samples. OPA-02, OPP-08, OPG-19, OPZ-05, and OPD-20 generated polymorphic bands on all twelve evaluated samples, yet OPZ-05 was excluded in further analysis due to producing unclear bands. Clear and polymorphic bands were formed by OPAE-11 on eleven samples, whilst OPG-09 and M-29 only produced bands on ten samples. The primers are suitable to be used for amplifying DNA and determining the genetic diversity of Katokkon pepper in further analyses.
Tree diversity and forest composition of a Bornean heath forest, Indonesia
Authors: Maimunah S , Capilla BR , Armadiyanto  , Harrison ME 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHeath Forest on Borneo is a forest type mostly found between the transitions from the peat-swamp forests in lowlands to the Dipterocarp Forest in hillier areas. Heath forest soil structure is characterized by a dominant sand layer with a thin organic horizon on top. Tropical Heath Forest has been understudied and undervalued for many years, considered as a low-diversity habitat due to a nutrient-poor sandy soil, unable to aggregate and bind nutrients, resulting in stunted, low canopy forest. Despite its reputation, our research in the KHDTK Mungku Baru(it is a Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK)) in southern Central Kalimantan is revealing heath forest of remarkably high quality, with large trees, high canopy and high biodiversity, including important endemic and emblematic flora and fauna species. Fourteen 30 m x 30 m nested plots were established, where all the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter breast height (DBH) were identified and measured. Additional 5 x 5m and 2 x2 m nested plots were used to define the micro-habitat and soil composition, determining the pH, organic layer depth, water moisture, and canopy cover. A total of 1,007 trees were recorded, representing 87 species in 58 genus and 40 families. Soil layers exhibited visual differences and analysis of soil composition was used to define 2 sub-habitat types of Heath Forest, named as Black sand Heath Forest (BHF) and White sand heath forest (WHF). Significant differences were found on peat/organic layer depth (BHF 26.4 cm; WHF 6.1 cm) and soil moisture (BHF 18.3 %; WHF 11.1 %). Independent analysis for the tree community compositions was done for each sub-habitat type. Few differences were found between sub-habitat types on DBH (BHF 18.9 ± 11.7 cm; WHF 18.6 ± 9.7 cm) and tree height (BHF 18.9 ±5.5 m; WHF 17.9 ± 5.4 m). Tree species composition analysis reveals in both cases a high species richness, with no differences in distribution (Simpson’s Diversity Index BHF=0.96; WHF=0.95) but significant differences in species abundance (Fisher’s alpha index BHF=23.74; WHF=18.01). BHF is a more homogeneous sub-habitat type, dominated by species belonging to Dipterocarpaceae (19.5 %), Myrtaceae (19.2 %) and Sapotaceae (13 %) families, whereas WHF is largely dominated by Dipterocarpaceae species (43.4 %) includingDipterocarpus borneensisandShorea teysmanniana. The preliminary results of this study indicate that the Central Kalimantan’s Heath Forest presents high tree species diversity with high conservation value, with potentially 2 different sub-habitat types characterized by their soil and tree composition. This highlights the importance of protecting this rare and understudied habitat in the context of Borneo biodiversity conservation.
Inheritance of Radial Fruit Cracking Resistance in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Mustafa M , Syukur M , Sutjahjo S H , sobir  
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The shift of tomato cultivation from highlands to lowlands caused damage to the fruit due to fruit cracking. The damage was caused by high temperatures. This study aimed to determine the inheritance pattern of radial fruit cracking resistance and the characters that are directly related to fruit cracking so that it can recommend the right selection method for assembling radial fruit cracking resistant tomato. This study used six sets of population namely P1 female parents who were resistant to radial fruit cracking (IPB T64), P2 male parents who were sensitive to radial fruit cracking (IPB T73), F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, and F2. Mendel’s analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative characters, and joint scaling test was used to the estimation of the actin genre of quantitative character. The results of the analysis showed that the character of the number of locules, the thickness of the fruit flesh and percentage of fruit cracking per plant were controlled by polygenes and there was no maternal effect. The herritability in a broad and narrow sense for all characters was moderate to high with a proportion of additives variance to total high genetic variability. The gene action for the number of locules was dominant epistasis x dominates and duplicates, for thicknesses of fruit flesh and fruit additive x dominan duplicate epistasis, and the number of fruit cracking by dominant epistasis gene x dominance, which was complementary. Radial fruit cracking which was controlled by the action of dominant epistasis gene by both parents with resistant genotype was FC3-FC4-, FC3FC3-fc4fc4, fc3fc3-FC4FC4
and genotype which was susceptible to radial fruit cracking was FC3fc3- fc4fc4, fc3fc3-FC4fc4
and fc3fc3- fc4fc4
. The selection method which was appropriate for the development of the best type of tomatoes that were resistant to fruit cracking was the pedigree method.
Testing of two microsporidia isolates towards breeds of silkworm resistance
Authors: Nuraeni S , Arif A , Sadapotto A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Pebrine disease is a significant disease attacking silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) caused by microsporidia (Nosema bombycis Nageli). This research aims to test breeds of silkworm that are resistant to pebrine disease. Microsporidia are isolated from local seeds (PL-614) and imported seeds (PC-614). The resistance of four breeds of the silkworm is tested by applying the topical method to mulberry leaves sized 3x4 cm2 for the third instar larvae and 5x7 cm2 for the fourth instar larvae. Each spore concentration of microsporid isolates used is 1x105 per ml. The research result shows that breeds of new seeds, namely SS01, SS02, and SS03 are resistant to infection of the two isolates. This research is useful as a reference for the regional or central government to release breeds of new seeds that can replace or complete the existing seeds.
The dynamics of variations in carbon biomass in community forest and agroforestry in South Sulawesi
Authors: Paembonan S A , Putranto B , Millang S , Nurkin B 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Knowledge of the variation of potential carbon stocks in different types of forests provides information about the capabilities of each forest type in dealing with climate change mitigation. This research was conducted to determine the dynamics of carbon stocks in gofasa plantation community forests and compared to other land use systems in South Sulawesi. The research used sample plots 20 m x 50 m to measure tree biomass and 1 m x 1 m sub plots for undergrowth and litter. The results of the study indicated that there were variations of potential carbon stocks in plantation community forests and agroforestry. Carbon stocks in plantation community forest were varied according to the condition and age of forest stand. The total aboveground carbon stocks in homogenous gofasa stand ranged from 22.34 to 52.65 ton/ha by the difference in stand ages, while in mixed community forest was 77.60 ton/ha. As for agroforestry system, the carbon stocks ranged from 46.40 to 65.89 ton/ha. The dynamics of variations in carbon stocks in plantation community forest and agroforestry were determined by several variables such as species composition, stand age, and stand density. Therefore, a good management of community forests and agroforestry systems will ensure the mitigation of climate changes and environmental preservation through effective carbon storage.
Community Forest Management for Sustainable Local Agriculture Development in Ban Huay Pu Kang, Thailand
Authors: Pinthukas N 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article focuses on community forest management of the villagerby using descriptive statistic. The data received from group discussion and interview with village headman, forestry officers, and members in community. The result showed that in the area there was no upstream management in community area, inefficiency of reservoir and unamend dam due to lack of water for agriculture. Conversely, flood in agricultural area was found as a problem. As a result, community leader, forestry officers, and community members of Ban Huey Poo cooperated to resolve the guideline of community forest management in order to bring traditions and culture of community, as the strong point of social capital, altogether with forestry principles such as check dam, and tradition of spirit thanks event for caring the upstream, and to build network with external organizations based on community’s needs. The key result which happened to community was to have water resources for sustainable agriculture and to bring about the learning process of people in community so that people could rely on for continuous mutual benefit, upstream conservation, livestock area, water and food resource, and activities arrangement of sustainable community forestry management.
Analysis Growth and Makro Hara Elements Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), JATI (Tectona grandis) in Gorontalo
Authors: Sandalayuk D , Lahjie A M , Simarangkir B D A S , Ruslim Y 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To know the growth analysis of Jabon (Antocephaluscadamba) and Teak (Tectona grandis). Need to measure and see the growth in a certain period where a certain moment of growth will decrease, analyze the soil nutrients in the lab so that the consideration in the maintenance and fertilizer done regularly. Consideration for harvesting as needed in wood or plywood processing. The method used Where all the jabon, mahogany, gmelina, pine, and teak trees in the pathway are measured in height and perimeter for use in the calculation of the basal area and the content or volume of the tree (100% Census). To find out the macronutrients on the soil, the samples were extracted by digging a depth of A. 0-20 cm, depth B, 20 - 40 cm, C depth, 40 - 60 cm at 4 (four) points in each type and mixed evenly each plot or stand as much as 1 kg for the macro elements analyzed namely: N, P, K, Ca, Mg S, to know which element is lacking on each stand of plant forest [1]. Implementation of research. This implementation was carried out to make a plot by using a metering string of raffia for the plot’s circumference; the tree began to be measured by using tree labels with sequential numbering. The tree was measured around using a tall meter of trees using Christenmeter with a 4 m. Soil sampling on topsoil using a crowbar to 0-60 cm depth of 1 kg each type of stand at each layer 0-20 m, 20-40 m and 40-60 m to be analyzed in laboratory quantitative and qualitative. Mean Growth at age 3 years and diameter of jabon 4.66 cm of trees, year total volume 52.28 m3ha1, MAI 17,43 m3, CAI 30,95 m3, Medium point intersection MAI (mean annual increment) 30,52 m3 and CAI (current annual increment) 30.69 m3 occurs at the age of 10 years with some of Volume 305,21 m3 ha1. In Jabon growing area it can be seen that the availability of macronutrients in Jabon plants, N content, at a depth of 20 cm low 0.1%, medium K element so low at a depth of 20, 40, 60 cm only 0.37, 0.29 and 0.61 me 100gr1 (< 10 me 100 gr1), Slayer 20 is 9.97 me 100gr1 (6- 20 me 100gr1) neutral soil with pH 7. So the jabon plants still lack N, P, K and S need to be added to the layer of 20 cm depth. Teak growth at age 10 years after the inventory of an area of I ha of 614 trees with a diameter of 13 cm tahun1, volume amount 42.40.m3 ha1 and MAI 4.24 and CAI 9.83 m3. At the time when MAI 10.55 m3 and CAI 10.26 m3, intersected at one point then it was allowed to harvest age 32 years the amount of volume 337.45 m3 ha1. Analysis of the growth of a tree species and know the nutrient needs of the soil nutrient qualitative nutrients needed Teak plant can be seen element N on the soil is still very low, Mg very high because more than 8 me 100gr1 medium Ca also very high more than 20me 100gr1, P 0.37 me 100gr1, K 0.32 me 100gr1 and S 0.16 depth 20 cm Very low at pH 7.7 So it is necessary to add N, P, K, and S.
Environmental Carrying Capacity based on Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Development in Banggai Island
Authors: Sangadji M N , Edy N , Nursalam  , Rahman A , Mozin S , Rahmatu R , Lakani I , Machmud Z , Musbah M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Environmental carrying capacity based on ecosystem services has been widely used to maintain the environment against development. Environmental carrying capacity assessed in this study to estimate the ability of Banggai Island regency in provisioning food and water, regulating water flow and flood, and regulating of prevention and protection of natural disasters. The environmental carrying capacity was calculated based on ecoregion, vegetation, and land cover. The results subsequently presented in the map. This study pronounced that Banggai Island has a lower environmental carrying capacity for food water provision, as well as protection against natural disasters. This study is highlight carrying capacity profile of Banggai Island as a possible tool for government and multi-stakeholders in directing the development.