bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservation Methods Influence the Biomechanical Properties of Human Lateral Menisci: An Ex Vivo Comparative Study of 3 Methods
Authors: Jacquet Christophe , Erivan Roger , Sharma Akash , Pithioux Martine , Parratte Sebastien , Argenson Jean-Nöel , Ollivier Matthieu 
Published: April 2019

Background: Three main meniscal preservation methods have been used over the past decade: cryopreservation, freezing, and freezing with gamma irradiation. Hypothesis: All 3 preservation methods will result in similar biomechanical properties as defined by tensile and compression testing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 24 human lateral menisci were collected from patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Inclusion criteria were patients younger than 70 years with primary unilateral (medial) femorotibial knee osteoarthritis. Each meniscus was divided into 2 specimens cross-sectionally. One specimen was systematically cryopreserved and constituted the control (Cy; –140°C), and the other specimen was used for either the simple frozen group (Fr; –80°C) or the frozen+irradiated group (FrI; –80°C + 25-kGy irradiation). Compression and tensile tests were performed to analyze the elasticity modulus (Young modulus) in compression, the elasticity modulus in tension, the tensile force at failure, and the rupture profile of the tensile stress-strain curve. Results: A significant difference in the mean compression elasticity modulus was observed between the Cy and Fr groups (28.86 ± 0.77 vs 37.26 ± 1.08 MPa, respectively; P < .001) and between the Cy and FrI groups (28.86 ± 0.77 vs 45.92 ± 1.09 MPa, respectively; P < .001). A significant difference in the mean tensile elasticity modulus was also observed between the Cy and Fr groups (11.66 ± 0.97 vs 19.97 ± 1.37 MPa, respectively; P = .008) and between the Cy and FrI groups (11.66 ± 0.97 vs 45.25 ± 1.39 MPa, respectively; P < .001). There were no significant differences between the control and study groups in tensile force at failure. The analysis of the stress-strain curve revealed a slow-slope curve with a nonabrupt rupture (ductile material) for the Cy samples versus a clear rupture of the curve for the Fr and FrI samples (more fragile material). Conclusion: Cryopreservation allows for more elastic and less fragile tissue compared with simple freezing or freezing plus irradiation. Clinical Relevance: The study results exhibit the detrimental effect of simple freezing and freezing plus irradiation on human meniscal mechanical properties. If these effects occur in menisci prepared for allograft procedures, important differences could appear in the graft’s mechanical behavior and thus patient outcomes.
Hands-on Gross Anatomy Instruction Improves Clinical Imaging Skills Among Cardiovascular Fellows
Authors: O’Leary JM , McNeely DE , Damp JA , Wells QS , Nanney L , Mendes L 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Multi-modality imaging is a crucial component of cardiovascular (CV) fellowship training and requires knowledge of CV anatomy for interpretation. We hypothesized that hands-on anatomy education would improve the imaging interpretation skills of CV fellows. Methods: The first-year CV fellowship class completed a hands-on cadaveric anatomy session correlated with clinical imaging. Fellows’ ability to identify CV structures on cardiac imaging was assessed using a 30-question assessment tool administered at baseline and 1 week and 6 months post intervention. Advanced CV fellows (second or third year) who had not attended the session were also tested. Scores were expressed as median [interquartile range]. Results: Among 9 first-year fellows, the majority reported no formal anatomy training since medical school (N = 7) and rated their knowledge of CV anatomy as fair or poor (N = 7) prior to the intervention. The median assessment score was higher 1 week after intervention vs baseline (24 [23-25] vs 19 [17-21]; P = .013) and remained higher than baseline at 6 months (26 [26-28] vs 19 [17-21]; P = .009). The 6-month post-intervention score for first-year fellows was not significantly different than that of senior fellows (n = 10) not exposed to the intervention (26 [26-28] vs 26 [23-27]; P = .434). Conclusions: Gross anatomy instruction improved first-year CV fellows’ interpretation of CV imaging. Anatomic instruction may be a useful adjunct to multi-modality imaging education.
Venous thromboembolism risk in psychiatric in-patients: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Ellis Natalie , Grubb Carla-Marie , Mustoe Sophie , Watkins Eleanor , Codling David , Fitch Sarah , Stirland Lucy , Quraishy Munzir , Jenkinson Josie , Harrison Judith 
Published: April 2019

Aims and methodWe assessed venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk, barriers to prescribing VTE prophylaxis and completion of VTE risk assessment in psychiatric in-patients. This was a cross-sectional study conducted across three centres. We used the UK Department of Health VTE risk assessment tool which had been adapted for psychiatric patients.ResultsOf the 470 patients assessed, 144 (30.6%) were at increased risk of VTE. Patients on old age wards were more likely to be at increased risk than those on general adult wards (odds ratio = 2.26, 95% CI 1.51–3.37). Of those at higher risk of VTE, auditors recorded concerns about prescribing prophylaxis in 70 patients (14.9%). Only 20 (4.3%) patients had a completed risk assessment.Clinical implicationsMental health in-patients are likely to be at increased risk of VTE. VTE risk assessment is not currently embedded in psychiatric in-patient care. There is a need for guidance specific to this population.
Poor Glycemic Control Is Associated With Impaired Bone Accrual in the Year Following a Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Weber David R , Gordon Rebecca J , Kelley Jennifer C , Leonard Mary B , Willi Steven M , Hatch-Stein Jacquelyn , Kelly Andrea , Kosacci Oksana , Kucheruk Olena , Kaafarani Mirna , Zemel Babette S 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased fracture risk across the life course. The effects on bone accrual early in the disease are unknown.

Objective
To characterize changes in bone density and structure over the year following diagnosis of T1D and to identify contributors to impaired bone accrual.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Academic children’s hospital.

Participants
Thirty-six children, ages 7 to 17 years, enrolled at diagnosis of T1D.

Outcomes
Whole body and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and tibia peripheral quantitative computed tomography obtained at baseline and 12 months. The primary outcome was bone accrual assessed by bone mineral content (BMC) and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) velocity z score.

Results
Participants had low total body less head (TBLH) BMC (z = −0.46 ± 0.76), femoral neck aBMD (z = −0.57 ± 0.99), and tibia cortical volumetric BMD (z = −0.44 ± 1.11) at diagnosis, compared with reference data, P < 0.05. TBLH BMC velocity in the year following diagnosis was lower in participants with poor (hemoglobin A1c ≥7.5%) vs good (hemoglobin A1c <7.5%) glycemic control at 12 months, z = −0.36 ± 0.84 vs 0.58 ± 0.71, P = 0.003. TBLH BMC velocity was correlated with gains in tibia cortical area (R = 0.71, P = 0.003) and periosteal circumference (R = 0.67, P = 0.007) z scores in participants with good, but not poor control.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the adverse effects of T1D on BMD develop early in the disease. Bone accrual following diagnosis was impaired in participants with poor glycemic control and appeared to be mediated by diminished bone formation on the periosteal surface.
Associations of Plasma CD36 and Body Fat Distribution
Authors: Wang Yeli , Koch Manja , di Giuseppe Romina , Evans Kirsten , Borggrefe Jan , Nöthlings Ute , Handberg Aase , Jensen Majken K , Lieb Wolfgang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
CD36 is a class B scavenger-receptor involved in the uptake of fatty acids in liver and adipose tissue. It is unknown whether plasma CD36 levels are related to liver fat content or adipose tissue in the general population.

Methods
We measured plasma CD36 from 575 participants of the community-based PopGen cohort who underwent MRI to quantify visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and liver signal intensity (LSI), a proxy for liver fat content. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was defined as LSI ≥3.0 in the absence of high alcohol intake. The relations between plasma CD36 and body mass index (BMI), VAT, SAT, LSI, and NAFLD were evaluated via multivariable-adjusted linear and logistic regression analysis.

Results
Plasma CD36 concentrations were correlated with BMI (r = 0.11; P = 0.01), SAT (r = 0.16; P &lt; 0.001), and VAT (r = 0.15, P &lt; 0.001) but not with LSI (P = 0.44). In multivariable-adjusted regression models, mean BMI values rose across CD36 quartiles [quartile 1 (Q1), 27.8 kg/m2; Q4, 28.9 kg/m2; P-trend = 0.013). Similarly, VAT (Q1, 4.13 dm3; Q4, 4.71 dm3; P-trend &lt; 0.001), and SAT (Q1, 7.61 dm3; Q4, 8.74 dm3; P-trend &lt; 0.001) rose across CD36 quartiles. Plasma CD36 concentrations were unrelated to LSI (P-trend = 0.36) and NAFLD (P-trend = 0.64). Participants with NAFLD and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a marker for liver damage, had higher CD36 compared with participants with NAFLD and normal ALT.

Conclusions
Higher plasma concentrations of CD36 were associated with greater general and abdominal adiposity but not with liver fat content or NAFLD in this community-based sample. However, plasma CD36 may reflect more severe liver damage in NAFLD.
Using equivalence class counts for fast and accurate testing of differential transcript usage
Authors: Cmero Marek , Davidson Nadia M. , Oshlack Alicia 
Published: April 2019

Background: RNA sequencing has enabled high-throughput and fine-grained quantitative analyses of the transcriptome. While differential gene expression is the most widely used application of this technology, RNA-seq data also has the resolution to infer differential transcript usage (DTU), which can elucidate the role of different transcript isoforms between experimental conditions, cell types or tissues. DTU has typically been inferred from exon-count data, which has issues with assigning reads unambiguously to counting bins, and requires alignment of reads to the genome. Recently, approaches have emerged that use transcript quantification estimates directly for DTU. Transcript counts can be inferred from 'pseudo' or lightweight aligners, which are significantly faster than traditional genome alignment. However, recent evaluations show lower sensitivity in DTU analysis compared to exon-level analysis. Transcript abundances are estimated from equivalence classes (ECs), which determine the transcripts that any given read is compatible with. Recent work has proposed performing a variety of RNA-seq analysis directly on equivalence class counts (ECCs). Methods: Here we demonstrate that ECCs can be used effectively with existing count-based methods for detecting DTU. We evaluate this approach on simulated human and drosophila data, as well as on a real dataset through subset testing. Results: We find that ECCs have similar sensitivity and false discovery rates as exon-level counts but can be generated in a fraction of the time through the use of pseudo-aligners. Conclusions: We posit that equivalence class read counts are a natural unit on which to perform differential transcript usage analysis.
New Strategies for New Literacies - Digital Strategy Backpack Samplers
Authors: Strause Shufang Shi , Wilson Nance 
Published: April 2019

The skills and strategies of effective communication are at the heart of literacy teaching and learning; engaging with digital technologies to communicate puts new demands on teachers and students. The communication tools of the 21st century require a rethinking of our 19th century educational approach to fully integrate digital tools into the classroom. We must help pre-service teachers learn how to leverage technology to build students’ communication skills across the curriculum. The authors describe two different Digital Strategy Backpacks that were integrated into a pre-service teacher education instructional technology class. The backpacks illustrate how learners apply communication skills and strategies with a range of technologies. The authors acknowledge that the Digital Strategy Backpacks are just a taste of this technique, however, we contend that they demonstrate how teachers and teacher educators can put communication goals at the front and center of teaching with technology.
Aqueous Micro-hydration of Na+(H2O)n=1-7 Clusters: DFT Study
Authors: M.A. Tahoon , E.A. Gomaa , M.H.A. Suleiman 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSodium ion micro-solvated clusters, [Na(H2O) n]+, n = 1–7, were completed by (DFT) density functional theory at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level in the gaseous phase. At the ambient situation, the four, five and six micro-solvated configurations can convert from each other. The investigation of the sequential water binding energy on Na+ obviously indicates that the influence of Na+ on the neighboring water molecules goes beyond the first solvation layer with the hydration number of 5. The hydration number of Na+ is 5 and the hydration space (rNa-O) is 2.43 Å. The current study displays that all our simulations have an brilliant harmony with the diffraction result from X-ray scattering study. The vibration frequency of H2O solvent was also determined. This work is important for additional identification of the Na+(H2O)n clusters in aqueous medium.
Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives against human cervical cancer cells
Authors: Kacmaz Aysecik , Deniz Nahide Gulsah , Aydinli Serdar Goksin , Sayil Cigdem , Onay-Ucar Evren , Mertoglu Elif , Arda Nazli 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the course of biological properties of quinone derivatives, the N(H)-, S- and S,S-substituted-1,4-naphthoquinones were synthesized by reactions of 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone with different amines (2-morpholinoaniline, tert-butyl 4-aminobenzoate, 4-tert-butylbenzylamine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline, 2-amino-5,6-dimethylbenzothiazole, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine) and thiolat (sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate). All new products were characterized by MS-ESI, UV-Vis, FT-IR,1H NMR,13C NMR. The antiproliferative activities of these compounds on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells were evaluated by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Although all derivatives inhibited cell growth, the most active compound was 2-(tert-butylthio)-3-chloronaphthalene-1,4-dione 5 (IC50=10.16 μM) against the HeLa cells.
The effect of Cladophora glomerata exudates on the amino acid composition of Cladophora fracta and Rhizoclonium sp.
Authors: Pikosz Marta , Czerwik-Marcinkowska Joanna , Messyasz Beata 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFilamentous green algae (FGA) frequently forms dense mats which can be either mono- or polyspecies. While various defense mechanisms of competition in algae are known, little is known about the interactions between different species of FGA. An experiment in controlled laboratory conditions was conducted to gather data on the changes in amino acids (AA) concentrations in FGA species in the presence of exudates from different other species. The aim of the present study was to identify the AA whose concentrations showed significant changes and to assess if the changes could be adaptation to stress conditions. The major constituents of the AA pool inCladophora glomerata, C. fractaandRhizocloniumsp. were Glutamic acid (Glu), Aspartic acid (Asp) and Leucine (Leu). In response to chemical stress, that is the increasing presence of exudates, a significant increase in the concentrations Proline (Pro) and Tryptophan (Trp) was noted. The increase in Proline levels was observed inC. fractaandRhizocloniumin response to chemical stress induced byC. glomerataexudates. As the concentration of exudates increased in the medium, there was a progressive shift in the pattern of AA group in FGA.
Simultaneous TE and TM designer surface plasmon supported by bianisotropic metamaterials with positive permittivity and permeability
Authors: Xia Lingbo , Yang Biao , Guo Qinghua , Gao Wenlong , Liu Hongchao , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili , Zhang Shuang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are surface modes existing at the interface between a metal and a dielectric material. Designer SPPs with a customer-defined property can be supported on the surface of suitably engineered metallic structures. They are important for various applications, ranging from chemical sensing to super-resolution imaging. In conventional systems, SPPs are transverse magnetic (TM) polarized, because of their origin in the collective electron oscillation along the surface. In this work, we show that both transverse electric (TE) and TM designer surface plasmons can be supported at the interface between a suitably designed bianisotropic metamaterial and a normal dielectric material without involving either negative permittivity or negative permeability. We further propose a realistic bianisotropic metamaterial for implementation of the double surface modes. The bianisotropic metamaterial demonstrated here may have tremendous applications in optical information processing and integrated photonic devices.
Early antiinflammatory therapy attenuates brain damage after sah in rats
Authors: Vadokas Georg , Koehler Stefan , Weiland Judith , Lilla Nadine , Stetter Christian , Westermaier Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Early inflammatory processes may play an important role in the development of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Experimental studies suggest that anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing drugs might have beneficial effects, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early treatment with methylprednisolone and minocycline on cerebral perfusion and EBI after experimental SAH.

Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to SAH using the endovascular filament model. 30 minutes after SAH, they were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous injection of methylprednisolone (16mg/kg body weight, n=10), minocycline (45mg/kg body weight, n=10) or saline (n=11). Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), intracranial pressure (ICP) and local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) over both hemispheres were recorded continuously for three hours following SAH. Neurological assessment was performed after 24 hours. Hippocampal damage was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining (caspase 3).

Results
Treatment with methylprednisolone or minocycline did not result in a significant improvement of MABP, ICP or LCBF. Animals of both treatment groups showed a non-significant trend to better neurological recovery compared to animals of the control group. Mortality was reduced and hippocampal damage significantly attenuated in both methylprednisolone and minocycline treated animals.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that inflammatory processes may play an important role in the pathophysiology of EBI after SAH. Early treatment with the anti-inflammatory drugs methylprednisolone or minocycline in the acute phase of SAH has the potential to reduce brain damage and exert a neuroprotective effect.
Validity of free testosterone calculation in pregnant women
Authors: Schuijt M P , Sweep C G J , van der Steen R , Olthaar A J , Stikkelbroeck N M M L , Ross H A , van Herwaarden A E 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveIncreased maternal testosterone concentration during pregnancy may affect the fetus. Therefore it is clinically relevant to have a quick and reliable method to determine free testosterone levels. Current calculators for free testosterone are suspected to perform poorly during pregnancy due to suggested competition between high levels of estradiol and free (bio-active) testosterone for sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binding. Therefore, it is claimed that reliable calculation of free testosterone concentration is not possible. However, recent evidence on SHBG-binding sites questions the estradiol effect on the testosterone-SHBG binding during pregnancy. In this study, we investigated whether the free testosterone concentration can be calculated in pregnant women.Design and methodsFree testosterone was measured with a specially developed equilibrium dialysis method combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Free testosterone was also calculated with the formulas of Vermeulenet al.and Rosset al.ResultsTotal and free testosterone measured in healthy men and women were in good agreement with earlier reports. In pregnant women, total testosterone values were higher than in non-pregnant women, whereas free testosterone values were comparable. Calculated free testosterone levels in pregnant women were highly correlated, but marginally higher, compared to measured free testosterone levels.ConclusionsWe developed an equilibrium dialysis–LC-MS/MS method for the measurement of free testosterone in the low range of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Although during pregnancy total testosterone is increased, this is not the case for free testosterone. The free testosterone formulas perform well in pregnant women.
A Kantian Critique of Grotius
Authors: Marey Macarena 
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
During the last few years, it has become usual to turn to some seventeenth century readings of the traditional idea of an original common possession of the earth for philosophical aid to explain and support the rights of persons in situations of extreme need, including refugees. Hugo Grotius’s conception of this idea is one of the most cited ones. In this paper, I hold that a Grotian reading of the idea of an original common possession of the earth is not a fruitful principle if we want to elaborate a solid defence of the rights of the ones in need. I reconstruct and analyse the role this idea has in Grotius’s theory of private property and present objections to it from a Kantian perspective.
A new spotted Chiloschista (Orchidaceae: Aeridinae) from Bhutan
Authors: Gyeltshen Choki , Dalström Stig , Gyeltshen Nima , Tobgay Kezang 
Published: April 2019

A new species of Chiloschista from a restricted area in Bhutan is described and illustrated. It is compared with C. parishii from Myanmar and Thailand, which has similarly colored flowers and from which it differs by the larger flowers, 15–18 mm versus 8–10 mm, and the lack of a glandular and pubescent, erect and curved callus lobe inside the lip, which is generally seen in other similarly colored species of this genus.
Key Words: Aeridinae, Bhutan, Himalaya, new Chiloschista, Orchidaceae, Vandeae
Electronic structure of designed [(SnSe)1+δ]m[TiSe2]2 heterostructure thin films with tunable layering sequence
Authors: Göhler Fabian , Hamann Danielle M. , Rösch Niels , Wolff Susanne , Logan Jacob T. , Fischer Robert , Speck Florian , Johnson David C. , Seyller Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract