bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dialysis‐related practice patterns among hemodialysis patients with cancer
Authors: Nishiwaki Hiroki , Fukuma Shingo , Hasegawa Takeshi , Kimachi Miho , Akizawa Tadao , Fukuhara Shunichi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesWith the achievement of longevity in hemodialysis patients, the risk of comorbid cancer has begun to draw attention. In the present study, we examined dialysis‐related practice patterns and compared those patterns by cancer status.MethodsUsing data from the Japan Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study phase 4, we evaluated 2153 hemodialysis patients. Baseline cancer status for patients was separated into 3 categories: no cancer, cancer with recent treatment, and cancer without recent treatment. We then assessed variations among hemodialysis patients in dialysis‐related practice patterns, including anemia management, management of mineral and bone metabolism disorder, nutritional management, and dialysis treatment, by cancer status.ResultsWe observed both similarities and differences in dialysis‐related practice patterns among hemodialysis patients, by cancer status. Hemoglobin levels were largely similar for all cancer statuses, although erythropoiesis stimulating agents dose tended to be higher in hemodialysis patients with recent cancer treatment (multivariable adjusted mean difference of erythropoiesis stimulating agents dose: 5.4 × 103 IU/L/month) than in those without cancer. Phosphorus and calcium levels were also similar. Nutrition statuses were similar among cancer statuses, as were dialysis therapies. These results suggested that physicians do not modulate their dialysis‐related practices based on whether or not a hemodialysis patient has cancer.ConclusionAmong long‐term facility‐based hemodialysis patients with cancer, we detected no statistically significant differences to suggest that cancer status affects hemodialysis practice regarding mineral and bone disorder management, nutritional management, and dialysis treatment. Facility‐based hemodialysis patients with recent cancer treatment, however, receive a higher dose of erythropoietin‐stimulating agent than those without cancer.
Occupational class and risk of renal cell cancer
Authors: Zaitsu Masayoshi , Cuevas Adolfo G. , Trudel‐Fitzgerald Claudia , Takeuchi Takumi , Kobayashi Yasuki , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to examine the association between occupational class linked to job stress and the risk of renal cell cancer. To identify potential mediators, we additionally examined whether any observed associations persisted even after controlling for the contribution of stress‐related factors (eg, smoking, hypertension, and obesity).MethodsUsing nationwide inpatient records (1984 to 2016) from the Rosai Hospital group in Japan, we identified 3316 cases of renal cell cancer (excluding upper tract urothelial cancer) and 168 418 controls. We classified patients' occupational class (blue‐collar workers, service workers, professionals, and managers) and cross‐classified it by industry type (blue‐collar, service, and white‐collar) based on a standardized national classification. Unconditional logistic regression with multiple imputation was used for the analyses.ResultsA significantly elevated risk of renal cell cancer was found among men in higher occupational class (eg, professionals and managers). The elevated odds in male managers across all industries persisted even after controlling for smoking and alcohol consumption, with the association being more pronounced in blue‐collar industries (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.34‐1.93). The association appeared to be mainly mediated by hypertension.ConclusionOccupational class is associated with the risk of renal cell cancer in men, particularly through modifiable risk factors.
The impact of ditch blocking on fluvial carbon export from a UK blanket bog
Authors: Evans Christopher D. , Peacock Michael , Green Sophie M. , Holden Joseph , Chapman Pippa J. , Lebron Inma , Callaghan Nathan , Grayson Richard , Baird Andrew J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe investigated the effects of ditch blocking on fluvial carbon concentrations and fluxes at a 5‐year, replicated, control‐intervention field experiment on a blanket peatland in North Wales, UK. The site was hydrologically instrumented, and run‐off via open and blocked ditches was analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon, dissolved carbon dioxide, and dissolved methane. DOC was also analysed in peat porewater and overland flow. The hillslope experiment was embedded within a paired control‐intervention catchment study, with 3 years of preblocking and 6 years of postblocking data. Results from the hillslope showed large reductions in discharge via blocked ditches, with water partly redirected into hillslope surface and subsurface flows, and partly into remaining open ditches. We observed no impacts of ditch blocking on DOC, particulate organic carbon, dissolved carbon dioxide or methane in ditch waters, DOC in porewaters or overland flow, or stream water DOC at the paired catchment scale. Similar DOC concentrations in ditch water, overland flow, and porewater suggest that diverting flow from the ditch network to surface or subsurface flow had a limited impact on concentrations or fluxes of DOC entering the stream network. The subdued response of fluvial carbon to ditch blocking in our study may be attributable to the relatively low susceptibility of blanket peatlands to drainage, or to physical alterations of the peat since drainage. We conclude that ditch blocking cannot be always be expected to deliver reductions in fluvial carbon loss, or improvements in the quality of drinking water supplies.
Developing self‐regulation in a dysregulating world: Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up for a toddler in foster care
Authors: Imrisek Steven D. , Castaño Katerina , Bernard Kristin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractToddlers in foster care have typically experienced histories of maltreatment and disruptions in relationships with primary caregivers. As a result, they are at increased risk for developing disorganized attachment and showing emotional, behavioral, and physiological dysregulation. Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up for Toddlers in Foster Care (ABC‐T) was developed to address the needs of these vulnerable children by supporting foster parents in responding with nurturance to children's distress, following children's lead, and helping children calm when they are becoming overwhelmed or dysregulated. We describe the theoretical underpinnings, evidence base, and clinical approach of ABC‐T. Using a case example of Luna and her foster mother Ms. Rosio, we present the typical course of ABC‐T, demonstrating core aspects of the model including ongoing observation of parent–child interactions and “in the moment” commenting. Additionally, we consider several challenges to delivering attachment‐based interventions in the context of foster care.
The deterioration of muscle mass and radiodensity is prognostic of poor survival in stage I–III colorectal cancer: a population‐based cohort study (C‐SCANS)
Authors: Brown Justin C. , Caan Bette J. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Weltzien Erin , Xiao Jingjie , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. , Kroenke Candyce H. , Castillo Adrienne , Kwan Marilyn L. , Prado Carla M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundMuscle abnormalities such as low muscle mass and low muscle radiodensity are well known risk factors for unfavourable cancer prognosis. However, little is known in regard to the degree and impact of longitudinal changes in muscle mass and radiodensity within the context of cancer. Here, we explore the relationship between muscle wasting and mortality in a large population‐based study of patients with non‐metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsA total of 1924 patients with stage I–III CRC who underwent surgical resection in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Health System were included. Muscle mass and radiodensity were quantified using computed tomography images obtained at diagnosis and after approximately 14 months. Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for all‐cause mortality.ResultsThe hazard ratio for all‐cause mortality among patients with the largest deterioration in muscle mass (≥2 SD; ≥11.4% loss from baseline), as compared with those who remained stable (±1 SD; 0.0 ± 5.7%) was 2.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.59–2.92; P < 0.001]. The hazard ratio for all‐cause mortality among patients who experienced the largest deterioration in muscle radiodensity (≥2 SD; ≥20.2% loss from baseline), as compared with those who remained stable (±1 SD; 0.0 ± 10.1%) was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.20–2.15; P = 0.002).ConclusionsIn patients with stage I–III CRC, muscle wasting is a risk factor for mortality, independent of change in body mass and other body composition parameters.
CCL19 with CCL21-tail displays enhanced glycosaminoglycan binding with retained chemotactic potency in dendritic cells
Authors: Jørgensen Astrid S , Adogamhe Pontian E , Laufer Julia M , Legler Daniel F , Veldkamp Christopher T , Rosenkilde Mette M , Hjortø Gertrud M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
CCL19 is more potent than CCL21 in inducing chemotaxis of human dendritic cells (DC). This difference is attributed to 1) a stronger interaction of the basic C-terminal tail of CCL21 with acidic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the environment and 2) an autoinhibitory function of this C-terminal tail. Moreover, different receptor docking modes and tissue expression patterns of CCL19 and CCL21 contribute to fine-tuned control of CCR7 signaling. Here, we investigate the effect of the tail of CCL21 on chemokine binding to GAGs and on CCR7 activation. We show that transfer of CCL21-tail to CCL19 (CCL19CCL21-tail) markedly increases binding of CCL19 to human dendritic cell surfaces, without impairing CCL19-induced intracellular calcium release or DC chemotaxis, although it causes reduced CCR7 internalization. The more potent chemotaxis induced by CCL19 and CCL19CCL21-tail compared to CCL21 is not transferred to CCL21 by replacing its N-terminus with that of CCL19 (CCL21CCL19-N-term). Measurements of cAMP production in CHO cells uncover that CCL21-tail transfer (CCL19CCL21-tail) negatively affects CCL19 potency, whereas removal of CCL21-tail (CCL21tailless) increases signaling compared to full-length CCL21, indicating that the tail negatively affects signaling via cAMP. Similar to chemokine-driven calcium mobilization and chemotaxis, the potency of CCL21 in cAMP is not improved by transfer of the CCL19 N-terminus to CCL21 (CCL21CCL19-N-term). Together these results indicate that ligands containing CCL21 core and C-terminal tail (CCL21 and CCL21CCL19-N-term) are most restricted in their cAMP signaling; a phenotype attributed to a stronger GAG binding of CCL21 and defined structural differences between CCL19 and CCL21.
Low chemotaxis potency of CCL21 relies on overall chemokine structure since it cannot be transferred by tail alone.
PPAR-γ in innate and adaptive lung immunity
Authors: Nobs Samuel Philip , Kopf Manfred 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The transcription factor PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) is a key regulator of lung immunity exhibiting multiple cell type specific roles in controlling development and function of the lung immune system. It is strictly required for the generation of alveolar macrophages by controlling differentiation of fetal lung monocyte precursors. Furthermore, it plays an important role in lung allergic inflammation by licensing lung dendritic cell t helper 2 (Th2) priming capacity as well as acting as a master transcription factor for pathogenic Th2 cells. Due to this plethora of functions and its involvement in multiple pulmonary diseases including asthma and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, understanding the role of PPAR-γ in lung immunity is an important subject of ongoing research.
Review on novel role of PPAR-γ in immunity.
PLS, iPLS, GA‐PLS models for soluble solids content, pH and acidity determination in intact dovyalis fruit using near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: de Assis Mateus WD , De Fusco Deborah O , Costa Rosangela C , de Lima Kássio MG , Cunha Júnior Luis C , de Almeida Teixeira Gustavo H 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDDovyalis species Dovyalis abyssinica Warb. and Dovyalis hebecarpa Warb. were introduced into Brazil, but the fruit quality of these species is not appropriate for fresh consumption due to their high titratable acidity (TA) and low soluble solids content (SSC). With the selection of new D. abyssinica clones with lower acidity and the hybridization of these two dovyalis species (D. abyssinica and D. hebecarpa) the fruit quality improved and the better physical–chemical characteristics make them more suitable for fresh consumption. The objective of this study was to develop partial least squares (PLS) models using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the determination of SSC, TA and pH in intact dovyalis hybrid fruit (D. abyssinica Warb. × D. hebecarpa Warb.).RESULTSThe best SSC prediction model was developed with PLS regression (root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.71 °Brix, prediction data set (RP2) of 0.74 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) of 2.82). Although interval PLS was tested, genetic algorithm PLS performed better for TA (RMSEP of 4.8 g kg−1, RP2 of 0.40, and RPD of 1.67), and for pH (RMSEP of 0.03, RP2 of 0.90, and RPD of 6.67).CONCLUSIONNIRS can be used as a non‐destructive method to determine quality parameters in intact dovyalis hybrid fruit. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Seasonal regulation of the coupling between photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Ryan‐Keogh Thomas J. , Thomalla Sandy J. , Little Hazel , Melanson Jenna‐Rose 
Published: May 2018

AbstractActive fluorescence measurements can provide rapid, non‐intrusive estimates of phytoplankton primary production at high spatial and temporal resolution, but there is uncertainty in converting from electrons to ecologically relevant rates of CO2 assimilation. In this study, we examine the light‐dependent rates of photosynthetic electron transport and 13C‐uptake in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean to derive a conversion factor for both winter (July 2015–August 2015) and summer (December 2015–February 2016). The results revealed significant seasonal differences in the light‐saturated chlorophyll specific rate of 13C‐uptake, (
), with mean summer values 2.3 times higher than mean winter values, and the light limited chlorophyll specific efficiency, (αB), with mean values 2.7 times higher in summer than in winter. Similar patterns were observed in the light‐saturated photosynthetic electron transport rates (
, 1.5 times higher in summer) and light limited photosynthetic electron transport efficiency (αRCII, 1.3 times higher in summer). The conversion factor between carbon and electrons (Φe:C (mol e− mol C−1)) was derived utilizing in situ measurements of the chlorophyll‐normalized number of reaction centers (nRCII), resulting in a mean summer Φe:C which was ∼ 3 times lower than the mean winter Φe:C. Empirical relationships were established between Φe:C, light and NPQ, however they were not consistent across locations or seasons. The seasonal decoupling of Φe:C is the result of differences in Ek‐dependent and Ek‐independent variability, which require new modelling approaches and improvements to bio‐optical techniques to account for these inter‐seasonal differences in both taxonomy and environmental mean conditions.
Gold nanoparticles in ophthalmology
Authors: Masse Florence , Ouellette Mathieu , Lamoureux Guillaume , Boisselier Elodie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMany research projects are underway to improve the diagnosis and therapy in ophthalmology. Indeed, visual acuity deficits affect 285 million people worldwide and different strategies are being developed to strengthen patient care. One of these strategies is the use of gold nanoparticles (GNP) for their multiple properties and their ability to be used as both diagnosis and therapy tools. This review exhaustively details research developing GNPs for use in ophthalmology. The toxicity of GNPs and their distribution in the eye are described through in vitro and in vivo studies. All publications addressing the pharmacokinetics of GNPs administered in the eye are extensively reviewed. In addition, their use as biosensors or for imaging with optical coherence tomography is illustrated. The future of GNPs for ophthalmic therapy is also discussed. GNPs can be used to deliver genes or drugs through different administration routes. Their antiangiogenic and anti‐inflammatory properties are of great interest for different ocular pathologies. Finally, GNPs can be used to improve stereotactic radiosurgery, brachytherapy, and photothermal therapy because of their many properties.
Differentiated thyroid cancer in children: Heterogeneity of predictive risk factors
Authors: Russo Marco , Malandrino Pasqualino , Moleti Mariacarla , Vermiglio Francesco , D'Angelo Antonio , La Rosa Giuliana , Sapuppo Giulia , Calaciura Francesca , Regalbuto Concetto , Belfiore Antonino , Vigneri Riccardo , Pellegriti Gabriella 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo correlate clinical and pathological characteristics at diagnosis with patient long‐term outcomes and to evaluate ongoing risk stratifications in a large series of paediatric differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC).Study designRetrospective analysis of clinical and pathological prognostic factors of 124 paediatric patients with DTC (age at diagnosis <19 years) followed up for 10.4 ± 8.4 years. Patients with a follow‐up >3 years (n = 104) were re‐classified 18 months after surgery on the basis of their response to therapy (ongoing risk stratification).ResultsMost patients had a papillary histotype (96.0%), were older than 15 years (75.0%) and were diagnosed because of clinical local symptoms (63.7%). Persistent/recurrent disease was present in 31.5% of cases during follow‐up, but at the last evaluation, only 12.9% had biochemical or structural disease. The presence of metastases in the lymph nodes of the lateral compartment (OR 3.2, 95% CI, 1.28–7.16, P = 0.01) was the only independent factor associated with recurrent/persistent disease during follow‐up. At the last evaluation, biochemical/structural disease was associated with node metastases (N1a, N1b) by univariate but not multivariate analysis. Ongoing risk stratification compared to the initial risk classification method better identified patients with a lower probability of persistent/recurrent disease (NPV = 100%).ConclusionsIn spite of the aggressive presentations at diagnosis, paediatric patients with DTC show an excellent response to treatment and often a favourable outcome. N1b status should be considered a strong predictor of persistent/recurrent disease which, as in adults, is better predicted by ongoing risk stratification.
Quality of life among women diagnosed with breast Cancer: A randomized waitlist controlled trial of commercially available mobile app‐delivered mindfulness training
Authors: Rosen Kristen D. , Paniagua Samantha M. , Kazanis William , Jones Shaun , Potter Jennifer Sharpe 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available mobile app‐delivered mindfulness training (AMT), compared with waitlist control (WC), on quality of life (QOL) among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The secondary outcome was dispositional mindfulness. Enrollment, app utilization, and study completion are reported as feasibility objectives.MethodsWomen diagnosed with breast cancer ≤5 years (n = 112) were randomized to AMT (n = 57) or WC (n = 55), over 8 weeks, with 4 weeks of follow‐up. We conducted linear mixed effects models to examine group by observation interactions on QOL and dispositional mindfulness at baseline, during intervention (5‐weeks), post‐intervention (9‐weeks), and follow‐up (12‐weeks post‐baseline).ResultsParticipants assigned to AMT reported higher QOL, compared with those assigned to WC, from baseline through follow‐up t(258.40) = 3.09, P < 0.01, 95% CI [2.71, 11.90]. Participants assigned to AMT also reported higher dispositional mindfulness, compared with those assigned to WC, from baseline through follow‐up t(268.44) = 2.04, P = 0.04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.57]. App utilization data was obtained from 34 participants. Fewer participants assigned to AMT completed all study assessments, compared with participants assigned to WC, (χ21 = 7.07, P = 0.008).ConclusionsFindings suggest commercially available AMT may proffer some benefit to women seeking to enhance their QOL following breast cancer diagnosis.
Ribcage deformity and the altered breathing pattern in children with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: LoMauro Antonella , Fraschini Paolo , Pochintesta Simona , Romei Marianna , D'Angelo Maria G. , Aliverti Andrea 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimOsteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease characterized by bones fragility and progressive deformity. Life expectancy is reduced in the non‐lethal most severe type III form before the age of 10 years. The main cause of death in OI is respiratory insufficiency resulting from impaired thoracic function worsened by ribcage deformity and scoliosis.MethodsWe used opto‐electronic plethysmography to study chest geometry, the ventilatory, and the thoraco‐abdominal pattern at rest in supine position in children younger than 10 years. Radiographic measurements were used to describe spinal deformity.ResultsEight severe OI (sOI), seven affected by other moderate forms (mOI), and nine healthy controls (CTR) were analyzed. sOI were characterized by Pectus carinatum (sternal angle: 165.2°, CTR: 183.1°; P < 0.01), rapid and shallow breathing (RSBi: 267.4 L−1 min−1, CTR: 150.7 L−1 min−1; P < 0.05) and reduced pulmonary rib cage contribution to tidal volume (5.1%, CTR: 14.6%; P < 0.001) that evolved with age approaching the paradoxical inspiratory inward movement previously found in adults. mOI showed almost normal ventilatory pattern (RSBi: 189.2−1 min−1) and absence of sternal deformity (sternal angle: 176.8°). Platyspondyly and kyphosis were common features in all OI children.ConclusionAn altered breathing pattern in severe OI is present since childhood and it worsens with age. This is caused by the combination of pectus carinatum, brittle ribs and spinal deformity that put the ribcage muscles in mechanical disadvantage. These results suggest that in severe OI the assessment of the respiratory function should start in early childhood in order to try to reduce the incidence of premature death.
Seismic behavior of specially shaped concrete‐filled steel tube columns with multiple cavities
Authors: Qiao Qiyun , Li Xiangyu , Cao Wanlin , Dong Hongying 
Published: May 2018

SummaryTo study the seismic behavior of specially shaped concrete‐filled tube (CFT) columns with multiple cavities under axial tension or axial compression, a quasistatic test of four 1/30‐scale specially shaped CFT columns with multiple cavities was conducted based on the CFT mega columns in a super‐high‐rise building. The main parameters of the 4 specimens were the direction of axial force, the direction of horizontal force, and the cross‐sectional structural form. The test was conducted twice at each level of horizontal displacement. The results shows that the compression–flexure test specimen showed lower yield damage, higher bearing capacity, and superior seismic performance relative to the tension–flexure test specimen; the specimen loaded along the short axis of the section had a lower bearing capacity and stiffness relative to the specimen loaded along the long axis; and the corner‐reinforced specimen with a round steel pipe was found to be rationally designed and properly constructed. Finally, an N–M correlation curve was generated and found to show satisfactory agreement between the fitted values and the test values.