bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The physiological linkage between molar inclination and dental macrowear pattern
Authors: Oxilia Gregorio , Bortolini Eugenio , Martini Sergio , Papini Andrea , Boggioni Marco , Buti Laura , Figus Carla , Sorrentino Rita , Townsend Grant , Kaidonis John , Fiorenza Luca , Cristiani Emanuela , Kullmer Ottmar , Moggi‐Cecchi Jacopo , Benazzi Stefano 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectivesExact symmetry and perfect balance between opposite jaw halves, as well as between antagonistic teeth, is not frequently observed in natural masticatory systems. Research results show that asymmetry in our body, skull, and jaws is often related to genetic, epigenetic, environmental and individual ontogenetic factors. Our study aims to provide evidence for a significant link between masticatory asymmetry and occlusal contact between antagonist teeth by testing the hypothesis that tooth inclination is one of the mechanisms driving distribution of wear in masticatory phases in addition to dietary and cultural habits.Materials and MethodsThe present work investigates the relationship between dental macrowear patterns and tooth inclinations on a sample of complete maxillary and mandibular 3D models of dental arches from 19 young and adult Yuendumu Aboriginal individuals. The analysis was carried out on first molars (M1) from all quadrants. Occlusal Fingerprint Analysis was used for the quantification of macrowear patterns, and 2D cross‐sectional geometric analysis was carried out to investigate asymmetry in dental arches.ResultsThe asymmetry is highly variable on both arches, and it is associated with differences in the inclination of upper M1 crowns. Each molar has variable inclination (buccal/lingual) which influence tooth to tooth contact, producing greater or lesser variation in wear pattern. Interindividual variability of morphological variation of the occlusal relationship has to be considered in macrowear analysis.DiscussionOur results suggest that overall asymmetry in the masticatory apparatus in modern humans affects occlusal contact areas between antagonist teeth influencing macrowear and chewing efficiency during ontogeny.
Adaptive prediction model for fluidized catalytic cracking processes based on the PLS method
Authors: Kim Sung Young , Lee Bomsock 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBased on the partial least squares (PLS) method, an adaptive predictive PLS (AP‐PLS) method was developed for sensitive adaptation to process changes using large‐scale data (Big Data) from chemical processes. Utilizing data sets of fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) and residue FCC (RFCC) processes as the basis, the AP‐PLS method was developed and its prediction ability was compared with the simple PLS method. The required parameters for the prediction model of the FCC and RFCC processes are readily available from reported process data using time‐varying model updating by the AP‐PLS method. The prediction results were compared with the simple PLS method in terms of average deviations from the real process data. This approach can be used for reasonably accurate prediction of product variables and can adapt to process changes in large‐scale chemical processes such as FCC and RFCC.
Formation of nanocrystalline and amorphous carbon by high fluence swift heavy ion irradiation of a plasma polymerized polyterpenol thin film precursor
Authors: Grant Daniel S. , Siegele Rainer , Bazaka Kateryna , Jacob Mohan V. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to produce graphitic‐polymer nanocomposite thin films via the swift heavy ion irradiation of polyterpenol thin films synthesized from an environmentally sustainable precursor by radio‐frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed fluence‐dependent surface restructuring of the thin films leading to the formation of interconnected island structures, with no discernible delamination from the underlying aluminum substrate. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the development of D and G peaks associated with graphitic materials, whilst Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated retention of the plasma polymer's chemical functionalities (including hydroxyl groups) within the material after irradiation. Graphitic‐polymer nanocomposite films prepared by this dry and solvent‐free process have numerous potential applications in biological assay, organic electronics, and membrane technology. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46498.
Modelling beluga habitat use and baseline exposure to shipping traffic to design effective protection against prospective industrialization in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Pirotta Enrico , New Leslie , Marcoux Marianne 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Global warming is predicted to reduce sea ice and thereby grant access to new shipping routes in the Arctic, leading to the expansion of human exploitation of natural resources in this region. The accompanying rise in boat numbers could impact the local populations of marine mammals by increasing collision rates and behavioural disturbance. It is therefore important to quantify the baseline exposure to current levels of shipping traffic and to understand how wildlife's important habitat overlaps with shipping lanes, in order to support appropriate spatial planning and management.
In this study, telemetry tracks from nine belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) tagged in Western Hudson Bay, which is home to the world's largest summer aggregation of this species, were used to estimate the habitat use of the animals and to map any overlap with current shipping activities.
Following a use–availability design, with spatially adaptive smooths fitted using generalized estimating equations, beluga habitat use was quantified, confirming that they aggregate in coastal areas in association with river estuaries. The baseline exposure is low, and is concentrated around major harbours in the region.
Rising levels of traffic will increase anthropogenic pressure on Western Hudson Bay belugas. The approach presented here informs the design of effective spatial protection measures to minimize any potential consequence on the population.
Hierarchical MoS2@TiO2 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Dong Yu , Chen Sheng‐You , Lu Yi , Xiao Yu‐Xuan , Hu Jie , Wu Si‐Ming , Deng Zhao , Tian Ge , Chang Gang‐Gang , Li Jing , Lenaerts Silvia , Janiak Christoph , Yang Xiao‐Yu , Su Bao‐Lian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHierarchical MoS2@TiO2 heterojunctions were synthesized through a one‐step hydrothermal method by using protonic titanate nanosheets as the precursor. The TiO2 nanosheets prevent the aggregation of MoS2 and promote the carrier transfer efficiency, and thus enhance the photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activity of the nanostructured MoS2. The obtained MoS2@TiO2 has significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of rhodamine B (over 5.2 times compared with pure MoS2) and acetone (over 2.8 times compared with pure MoS2). MoS2@TiO2 is also beneficial for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution (26 times compared with pure MoS2, based on the cathodic current density). This work offers a promising way to prevent the self‐aggregation of MoS2 and provides a new insight for the design of heterojunctions for materials with lattice mismatches.
New failure and minimal repair processes for repairable systems in a random environment
Authors: Cha Ji Hwan , Finkelstein Maxim 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMost often, minimal repair is defined as a replacement of a failed item by an operable item that has the same distribution of the remaining lifetime as the failed one just prior a failure. This is the so‐called statistical minimal repair extensively explored in the literature. Another well‐known type of minimal repair takes into account the state of a system prior to a failure (the information‐based minimal repair). In this paper, we suggest the new type of minimal repair to be called conditional statistical minimal repair. Our approach goes further and deals with the corresponding minimal repair processes for systems operating in a random environment. Moreover, we also consider heterogeneous populations of items, which makes the model more realistic. Both of these aspects that affect the failure mechanism of items are studied. Environment is modeled by the nonhomogeneous Poisson shock process. Two models for the failure mechanism defined by the extreme shock model and the cumulative shock model, respectively, are considered. Some examples illustrating our findings are presented.
Der Stahlblaue Grillenjäger
Authors: Bosch Stefan , Lurz Peter , Westrich Paul 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungIsodontia mexicana ist eine Grabwespenart aus Mittel‐ und Nordamerika, die in Südfrankreich höchst wahrscheinlich mit amerikanischen Truppen am Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs ankam. Der Erstnachweis erfolgte 1960. Von Südfrankreich hat sich die Art in den vergangenen Jahren erfolgreich ausgebreitet. Zum Nestbau bezieht I. mexicana röhrenförmige Hohlräume aller Art. In ihnen werden linear hintereinander angeordnete Brutkammern angelegt. Typisch für die Art ist ein äußerer Pfropfen aus Grasblättern am Eingang, die bis zu sieben Zentimeter aus dem Ausgang heraushängen können. Zur Versorgung der Brut werden Grillen (Gryllidae) und Heuschrecken (Tettigoniidae) genutzt. Über die Menge, das Geschlechterverhältnis der Beutetiere oder Auswirkungen auf die Beutepopulationen liegen aus dem europäischen Verbreitungsgebiet noch keine Daten vor.
Does it pay to be a greenwasher or a brownwasher?
Authors: Testa Francesco , Miroshnychenko Ivan , Barontini Roberto , Frey Marco 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe growing attention to corporate green practices and the increased competition in global markets have pressed companies to disclose information about their environmental footprints. In doing so, some firms tend to either overstate or understate their environmental commitments by adopting so‐called “greenwashing” or “brownwashing” strategies, respectively. In this paper, we analyze the impact of different types of environmental communication strategies on firm value and operating performance using a panel of 3,490 publicly traded companies from 58 countries and 19 industries. Results show that it does not pay to be a greenwasher, whereas the decision to not properly communicate a firm's environmental commitment is associated with lower financial performance. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of having not only effective green practices, but also coherent communication of environmental strategies. This is the first attempt to empirically model the impact of greenwashing and brownwashing strategies on corporate financial performance in a longitudinal setting.
Biological signaling pathways and potential mathematical network representations: biological discovery through optimization
Authors: Isaza Clara , Rosas Juan F. , Lorenzo Enery , Marrero Arlette , Ortiz Cristina , Ortiz Michael R. , Perez Lynn , Cabrera‐Ríos Mauricio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEstablishing the role that different genes play in the development of cancer is a daunting task. A step toward this end is the detection of genes that are important in the illness from high‐throughput biological experiments. Furthermore, it is safe to say that it is highly unlikely that these show expression changes independently, even with a list of potentially important genes. A biological signaling pathway is a more plausible underlying mechanism as favored in the literature. This work attempts to build a mathematical network problem through the analysis of microarray experiments. A preselection of genes is carried out with a multiple criteria optimization framework previously published by our research group . Afterward, application of the Traveling Salesperson Problem and Minimum Spanning Tree network optimization models are proposed to identify potential signaling pathways via the most correlated path among the genes of interest. Biological evidencing is provided to assess the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The capability of our analysis strategy is also demonstrated through the undertaking of meta‐analysis studies. Three important aspects are novel in this work: (1) our joint analyses of different groups of lung cancer states reveal new correlations, biologically evidenced, and previously undocumented; (2) computation of the correlation coefficients from expression differences leads to an effective use of network optimization methods; and (3) the methods yield mathematically optimal correlation structures: no other configuration is better correlated using the available information.
Effects of multiple freeze–thaw cycles on the quality of frozen dough
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Li Yinli , Liu Ying , Zhang Hua 
Published: April 2018

Background and objectivesThe multiple freeze–thaw treatment of dough during frozen storage has critical effects on the quality of frozen dough. The effects of multiple freeze–thaw cycles on the cooking properties, textural and rheological properties of frozen dough, as well as the mechanism behind this effect were evaluated in this study.FindingsThe result showed that the cooking loss rate and water absorption rate were increased by 66.3% and 13.7%, respectively, compared to the control at four freeze–thaw cycles. Compared to the control, the hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness were increased 66.3%, 152.4%, and 43.7%, respectively, and the springiness was decreased 25.9% at freeze–thaw treatment for five cycles. The elasticity and viscous modulus of the dough decreased after freeze–thaw treatment. After repeated freezing for more than four cycles, the proportions of free water increased significantly (p < .05) relative to that of the samples without freeze–thaw treatment. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that freeze–thaw treatment damages the structure of the dough. Furthermore, freeze–thaw treatment led to a significant (p < .05) change in secondary structure of frozen dough. The relative percentage content of α‐helix increased significantly after freeze–thaw treatment for two cycles, whereas the relative percentage content of β‐turns and random coils decreased significantly.ConclusionsMultiple freeze–thaw pretreatment could reduce the cooking quality and texture characteristics of frozen dough significantly by changing its water distribution and microstructure, as well as the secondary structure of wheat gluten.Significance and noveltyExplored the mechanism of the effects of freeze–thaw treatment on the processing quality of frozen dough.
Advanced‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma presenting without radiographic liver lesions
Authors: Mupamombe Charles , Veluvolu Rajesh , Ahmad Arslan , Preet Mohan , Taiwo Evelyn 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageIn patients with known risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma and an elevated AFP, the diagnosis should remain on the differential even in the absence of hepatic lesions. High index of suspicion is needed, and aggressive diagnostic approaches are needed to not miss this entity.
Hemosiderotic dermatofibroma mimicking melanoma in a 12‐year‐old boy: a case report
Authors: Acar Emine Müge , Tad Murat , Kilitci Asuman , Kemeriz Funda 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of hemosiderotic dermatofibroma presenting as a brown‐black‐colored nodule with peripheral extensions, which mimics melanoma. Histopathology showed completely benign features with no atypia or mitosis. Nodular extensions of childhood dermatofibromas may be related to the growth of the child not necessarily pointing to a malignant process.
Renal ultrasonography: a reliable diagnostic tool for pyonephrosis
Authors: Kamboj Mayanka , Lee Loy Justin , Koratala Abhilash 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessagePyonephrosis is a rare purulent infection of the upper urinary tract, which can lead to rapid clinical deterioration. While contrast‐enhanced CT scan is a sensitive test, point‐of‐care renal sonography can serve as a quick and valuable bedside tool for diagnosis, especially when iodinated contrast use is contraindicated.
A case of mirror syndrome caused by hydrops fetalis after fetoscopic laser photocoagulation
Authors: Kino Emi , Maki Yohei , Ohhashi Masanao , Furukawa Seishi , Maeda Takatsugu , Sameshima Hiroshi 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageFetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) of placental anastomoses is a well‐established procedure for twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome that improves fetal outcome with rare maternal complications. However, fetal hydrops can develop even after FLP, and mirror syndrome can occur, indicating that both the fetal and maternal courses should be monitored after FLP.
Divergence in Ynone Reactivity: Atypical Cyclization by 3,4‐Difunctionalization versus Rare Bis(cyclization)
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Lázaro‐Milla Carlos , Delgado‐Martínez Patricia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFunctionalized ynones can be activated by Tf2C=CH2, which was generated in situ, to form zwitterionic species. These species were trapped in an intramolecular fashion by several nucleophiles to generate two major types of triflones in a divergent manner. Through fine‐tuning of the reaction temperature, bis(triflyl)‐6‐membered‐ or (triflyl)‐5‐membered‐fused‐heterocycles were achieved in reasonable yields in a totally selective manner. In this way, bis(triflyl)flavones, bis(triflyl)thioflavones, bis(triflyl)selenoflavones, (triflyl)benzothienopyrans, (triflyl)benzoselenophenopyrans, (triflyl)vinyl aurones, and (triflyl)pyranoindoles were constructed. Conceivable mechanistic pathways were suggested on the basis of the isolation of several intermediates and the results from control experiments.
Die „klassischen“ Polyoxometallate
Authors: Pütt Ricarda , Kondinski Aleksandar , Monakhov Kirill 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Kombination von Röntgenbeugungs‐ und Röntgenstreuungsmethoden sowie massenspektrometrischen, spektroskopischen und computergestützten Techniken ermöglicht heutzutage vielseitige Einblicke in die Struktur und Eigenschaften der POM in der festen Phase und in Lösung. Ihre Aufklärung stellte jedoch im Zeitraum des letzten Jahrhunderts eine große Herausforderung dar. Dieser Artikel schildert die Entdeckung von „klassischen“ POM sowie ihre Charakterisierung anhand ihrer physikalischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere anhand ihrer spektralen Erkennungsmerkmale.
Tuning the Hydrophobicity of a Mitochondria‐Targeted NO Photodonor
Authors: Sodano Federica , Rolando Barbara , Spyrakis Francesca , Failla Mariacristina , Lazzarato Loretta , Gazzano Elena , Riganti Chiara , Fruttero Roberta , Gasco Alberto , Sortino Salvatore 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA few compounds in which the nitric oxide (NO) photodonor N‐[4‐nitro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propane‐1,3‐diamine is joined to the mitochondria‐targeting alkyltriphenylphosphonium moiety via flexible spacers of variable length were synthesized. The lipophilicity of the products was evaluated by measuring their partition coefficients in n‐octanol/water. The obtained values, markedly lower than those calculated, are consistent with the likely collapsed conformation assumed by the compounds in solution, as suggested by molecular dynamics simulations. The capacity of the compounds to release NO under visible light irradiation was evaluated by measuring nitrite production by means of the Griess reaction. The accumulation of compounds in the mitochondria of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was assessed by UPLC–MS. Interestingly, compound 13 [(9‐((3‐((4‐nitro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)propyl)amino)‐9‐oxononyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide] displayed both the highest accumulation value and high toxicity toward A549 cells upon irradiation‐mediated NO release in mitochondria.
Thyroid FNA biopsies comprised of abundant, mature squamous cells can be reported as benign: A cytologic study of 18 patients with clinical correlation
Authors: Chen Athena L. , Renshaw Andrew A. , Faquin William C. , Alexander Erik K. , Heller Howard T. , Cibas Edmund S. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDA thyroid nodule comprised almost exclusively of mature, benign‐appearing squamous cells is an uncommon finding in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies of thyroid nodules. Reporting such specimens was not originally addressed by The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. The authors correlated the biologic behavior of the specimens with their benign cytologic appearance through clinical, radiographic, and surgical follow‐up.METHODSThe pathology archives of 3 tertiary hospitals were searched for thyroid FNA specimens consisting of mature squamous cells without atypia. The authors reviewed all available slides and included only cases that were moderately to highly cellular; nucleated or anucleate squamous cells without atypia comprised the vast majority of the cellularity. Available clinical information and/or thyroid ultrasound examination(s) were reviewed by an endocrinologist or radiologist, respectively.RESULTSA total of 18 patients (7 men and 11 women; age range, 19‐76 years) with 20 nodules met the prespecified inclusion criteria. The average nodule size was 2.1 cm. Common sonographic characteristics included a well‐defined appearance, the lack of internal vascularity, a thin outer wall, general hypoechogenicity with low‐intermediate internal echoes, and posterior acoustic enhancement. Clinical and radiographic follow‐up (mean, 3.8 years; range, <1 to 9 years) was available for 9 patients, and all nodules were stable. All 4 cases with histologic follow‐up were benign squamous‐lined cysts.CONCLUSIONSThe findings of the current study suggest that thyroid FNA specimens comprised almost exclusively of mature squamous cells can be reported as benign. Cancer Cytopathol 2018;126:336‐41. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Like‐likes‐Like: Cooperative Hydrogen Bonding Overcomes Coulomb Repulsion in Cationic Clusters with Net Charges up to Q=+6e
Authors: Niemann Thomas , Stange Peter , Strate Anne , Ludwig Ralf 
Published: April 2018

AbstractQuantum chemical calculations have been employed to study kinetically stable cationic clusters, wherein the monovalent cations are trapped by hydrogen bonding despite strongly repulsive electrostatic forces. We calculated linear and cyclic clusters of the hydroxy‐functionalized cation N‐(3‐hydroxypropyl) pyridinium, commonly used as cation in ionic liquids. The largest kinetically stable cluster was a cyclic hexamer that very much resembles the structural motifs of molecular clusters, as known for water and alcohols. Surprisingly, strong cooperative hydrogen bonds overcome electrostatic repulsion and result in cationic clusters with a high net charge up to Q=+6e. The structural, spectroscopic, and electronic signatures of the cationic and related molecular clusters of 3‐phenyl‐1‐propanol could be correlated to NBO parameters, supporting the existence of “anti‐electrostatic” hydrogen bonds (AEHB), as recently suggested by Weinhold. We also showed that dispersion forces enhance the cationic cluster formation and compensate the electrostatic repulsion of one additional positive charge.
Application of Silicon‐Initiated Water Splitting for the Reduction of Organic Substrates
Authors: Gevorgyan Ashot , Mkrtchyan Satenik , Grigoryan Tatevik , Iaroshenko Viktor O. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe use of water as a donor for hydrogen suitable for the reduction of several important classes of organic compounds is described. It is found that the reductive water splitting can be promoted by several metalloids among which silicon shows the best efficiency. The developed methodologies were applied for the reduction of nitro compounds, N‐oxides, sulfoxides, alkenes, alkynes, hydrodehalogenation as well as for the gram‐scale synthesis of several substrates of industrial importance.