bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinan Variasi Klaim Penyakit Stroke Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Rumah Sakit X Sumatera Utara
Authors: Mahulae Joan Xaveria , Ilyas Jaslis 
Published: May 2018

Abstrak Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh IHME pada tahun 2010 terkait Global Burden of Disease menunjukkan bahwa stroke merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar di Indonesia. Pembiayaan penyakit stroke oleh BPJS Kesehatan menduduki peringkat kedua terbesar setelah penyakit jantung. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dominan yang memicu variasi klaim pasien stroke rawat inap peserta JKN di RS X Sumatera Utara Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi linear. Karakteristik yang dominan berhubungan dengan total klaim pasien stroke adalah kelas perawatan (p-value=0,0005), jenis kepesertaan (p-value=0,0005), lama hari rawat (p-value= 0,004), dan tingkat keparahan ( p-value = 0,0005). Abstract Refers to IHME study in 2010 about Global Burden of Disease shows that stroke is one of the highest cause of mortality in Indonesia. While the expenditure by BPJS Health for stroke is the 2nd highest after heart disease. This study aims to determine the most dominant characteristics associated with the total claims of stroke patients covered by JKN for inpatient service at X Hospital by doing multivar­iate analysis with variable linear regression method. The most significant characteristics are type of health care, type of membership, length of stay age, and level of severity. The finding shows that X Hospital is still not optimal in providing services for stroke. Some feasible efforts that can be considered are increasing the neurovascular experts and providing better diagnostic equipments in order to deliver the necessary treatment.
Differential expression patterns of housekeeping genes increase diagnostic and prognostic value in lung cancer
Authors: Chang Yu-Chun , Ding Yan , Dong Lingsheng , Zhu Lang-Jing , Jensen Roderick V. , Hsiao Li-Li 
Published: May 2018

Background
Using DNA microarrays, we previously identified 451 genes expressed in 19 different human tissues. Although ubiquitously expressed, the variable expression patterns of these “housekeeping genes” (HKGs) could separate one normal human tissue type from another. Current focus on identifying “specific disease markers” is problematic as single gene expression in a given sample represents the specific cellular states of the sample at the time of collection. In this study, we examine the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the variable expressions of HKGs in lung cancers.

Methods
Microarray and RNA-seq data for normal lungs, lung adenocarcinomas (AD), squamous cell carcinomas of the lung (SQCLC), and small cell carcinomas of the lung (SCLC) were collected from online databases. Using 374 of 451 HKGs, differentially expressed genes between pairs of sample types were determined via two-sided, homoscedastic t-test. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering classified normal lung and lung cancers subtypes according to relative gene expression variations. We used uni- and multi-variate cox-regressions to identify significant predictors of overall survival in AD patients. Classifying genes were selected using a set of training samples and then validated using an independent test set. Gene Ontology was examined by PANTHER.

Results
This study showed that the differential expression patterns of 242, 245, and 99 HKGs were able to distinguish normal lung from AD, SCLC, and SQCLC, respectively. From these, 70 HKGs were common across the three lung cancer subtypes. These HKGs have low expression variation compared to current lung cancer markers (e.g., EGFR, KRAS) and were involved in the most common biological processes (e.g., metabolism, stress response). In addition, the expression pattern of 106 HKGs alone was a significant classifier of AD versus SQCLC. We further highlighted that a panel of 13 HKGs was an independent predictor of overall survival and cumulative risk in AD patients.

Discussion
Here we report HKG expression patterns may be an effective tool for evaluation of lung cancer states. For example, the differential expression pattern of 70 HKGs alone can separate normal lung tissue from various lung cancers while a panel of 106 HKGs was a capable class predictor of subtypes of non-small cell carcinomas. We also reported that HKGs have significantly lower variance compared to traditional cancer markers across samples, highlighting the robustness of a panel of genes over any one specific biomarker. Using RNA-seq data, we showed that the expression pattern of 13 HKGs is a significant, independent predictor of overall survival for AD patients. This reinforces the predictive power of a HKG panel across different gene expression measurement platforms. Thus, we propose the expression patterns of HKGs alone may be sufficient for the diagnosis and prognosis of individuals with lung cancer.
Pelagic larval duration, growth rate, and population genetic structure of the tidepool snake morayUropterygius micropterusaround the southern Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and the central Philippines
Authors: Huang Wen-Chien , Chang Jui-Tsung , Liao Chun , Tawa Atsushi , Iizuka Yoshiyuki , Liao Te-Yu , Shiao Jen-Chieh 
Published: May 2018

The relationships between pelagic larval duration (PLD) and geographic distribution patterns or population genetic structures of fishes remain obscure and highly variable among species. To further understand the early life history of the tidepool snake morayUropterygius micropterusand the potential relationship between PLD and population genetic structure of this species, otolith microstructure and population genetics based on concatenated mtDNA sequence (cytochromeband cytochrome oxidase subunit I, 1,336 bp) were analyzed for 195 specimens collected from eight locations around the southern Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and the central Philippines. Eels with longer PLD and lower otolith growth rates were observed at relatively higher latitudes with lower water temperatures (54.6 ± 7.7 days and 1.28 ± 0.16 µm day−1on Ishigaki Island, Japan, vs. 43.9 ± 4.9 days and 1.60 ± 0.19 µm day−1on Badian, the Philippines), suggesting that leptocephali grew faster and had shortened pelagic periods in warmer waters. Meanwhile, the eels along the southwest coast of Taiwan had relatively longer PLD (57.9 ± 10.5 days), which might be associated with the more complex ocean current systems compared to their counterparts collected along the east coast of Taiwan (52.6 ± 8.0 days). However, the southwestern and eastern Taiwan groups had similar otolith growth rates (1.33 ± 0.19 µm day−1vs. 1.36 ± 0.16 µm day−1). Despite the intergroup variation in PLD, genetic analysis revealed fluent gene flow among the tidepool snake morays in the study regions, implying that intraspecies PLD variation had a weak effect on genetic structure. The leptocephalus stage might have ensured the widespread gene flow among the study areas and leptocephalus growth was likely influenced by regional water temperature.
Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate an Internet‐Based Self‐Management Program in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Khanna Dinesh , Serrano Jennifer , Berrocal Veronica J. , Silver Richard M. , Cuencas Pedro , Newbill Sharon L. , Battyany Josephine , Maxwell Cynthia , Alore Mary , Dyas Laura , Riggs Robert , Connolly Kerri , Kellner Saville , Fisher Jody J. , Bush Erica , Sachdeva Anjali , Evnin Luke , Raisch Dennis W. , Poole Janet L. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveIn a pilot study, our group showed that an internet‐based self‐management program improves self‐efficacy in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The objective of the current study was to compare an internet‐based self‐management program to a patient‐focused educational book developed to assess measures of self‐efficacy and other patient‐reported outcomes in patients with SSc.MethodsWe conducted a 16‐week randomized, controlled trial.ResultsOf the 267 participants who completed baseline questionnaires and were randomized to the intervention (internet: www.selfmanagescleroderma.com) or control (book) group, 123 participants (93%) in the internet group and 124 participants (94%) in the control group completed the 16‐week randomized controlled trial (RCT). The mean ± SD age of all participants was 53.7 ± 11.7 years, 91% were women, and 79.4% had some college or a higher degree. The mean ± SD disease duration after diagnosis of SSc was 8.97 ± 8.50 years. There were no statistical differences between the 2 groups for the primary outcome measure (Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Self‐Efficacy for Managing Symptoms: mean change of 0.35 in the internet group versus 0.94 in the control group; P = 0.47) and secondary outcome measures, except the EuroQol 5‐domain instrument visual analog scale score (P = 0.05). Internet group participants agreed that the self‐management modules were of importance to them, the information was presented clearly, and the website was easy to use and at an appropriate reading level.ConclusionOur RCT showed that the internet‐based self‐management website was not statistically superior to an educational patient‐focused book in improving self‐efficacy and other measures. The participants were enthusiastic about the content and presentation of the self‐management website.
Nonisotropic Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles: From Compact Packing to Functional Aggregates
Authors: Bouju Xavier , Duguet Étienne , Gauffre Fabienne , Henry Claude R. , Kahn Myrtil L. , Mélinon Patrice , Ravaine Serge 
Published: May 2018

AbstractQuantum strongly correlated systems that exhibit interesting features in condensed matter physics often need an unachievable temperature or pressure range in classical materials. One solution is to introduce a scaling factor, namely, the lattice parameter. Synthetic heterostructures named superlattices or supracrystals are synthesized by the assembling of colloidal atoms. These include semiconductors, metals, and insulators for the exploitation of their unique properties. Most of them are currently limited to dense packing. However, some of desired properties need to adjust the colloidal atoms neighboring number. Here, the current state of research in nondense packing is summarized, discussing the benefits, outlining possible scenarios and methodologies, describing examples reported in the literature, briefly discussing the challenges, and offering preliminary conclusions. Penetrating such new and intriguing research fields demands a multidisciplinary approach accounting for the coupling of statistic physics, solid state and quantum physics, chemistry, computational science, and mathematics. Standard interactions between colloidal atoms and emerging fields, such as the use of Casimir forces, are reported. In particular, the focus is on the novelty of patchy colloidal atoms to meet this challenge.
Thickness Dependence of Magnetic Behavior of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures
Authors: Hu Hai‐Long , Wang Danyang , Tseng Allen , Chen Zhigang , Kong Charlie , Yi Jiabao , Li Sean 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThickness dependence of magnetic properties of LaAlO3 (LAO)/SrTiO3 (STO) heterostructures is systematically studied. It is found that the magnetic moment is rather robust at elevated temperatures in the samples grown under ultralow PO2 of 1 × 10−8 Torr, indicating room‐temperature ferromagnetism in the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. Spin‐glass‐like behavior is observed in the LAO/STO heterostructures with the LAO thickness ranging from 5 to 90 unit cells (2–35.2 nm). As the LAO layer becomes thicker, the blocking temperature of spin‐glass‐like behavior decreases and magnetic moment weakens, which may be related to the reduced density of oxygen vacancies at the interfacial TiO2 layer. It is believed that the well‐controlled magnetism by tuning the LAO thickness may open an avenue for the potential application of spintronics with LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures.
Transparent Surfaces Inspired by Nature
Authors: Motamedi Mahdi , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi , Taylor Robert A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNature has long inspired scientists and engineers. As one ubiquitous example of this, nature has provided all with several clever methods to absorb, repel, and/or allow both sunlight and water to pass through surfaces. Moth's eyes (highly antireflective) and lotus leaves (highly hydrophobic and self‐cleaning) represent durable natural surfaces which exhibit nearly ideal physical and optical properties. Man‐made transparent surfaces must also be able to cope with water and dust while reaching the maximum possible light transmission for solar collectors, displays, and other optical devices. To explore the link between these – particularly for transparent surfaces – this review puts the physics, progress, and limitations of synthetic materials in context with natural materials. This perspective reveals that there is still much more to learn (and implement) if it is hoped to match the multifunctionality and resilience of natural materials.
Smart Surfaces: Magnetically Switchable Light Diffraction through Actuation of Superparamagnetic Plate‐Like Microrods by Dynamic Magnetic Stray Field Landscapes
Authors: Koch Iris , Granath Tim , Hess Sebastian , Ueltzhöffer Timo , Deumel Sarah , Jauregui Caballero Claudia Itzel , Ehresmann Arno , Holzinger Dennis , Mandel Karl 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis work reports on a remotely controllable, all‐magnetic reflective diffraction grating‐like optical element for electromagnetic waves in the visible spectrum. The switchable grating is realized by the unique interplay between nanostructured superparamagnetic plate‐like microrods and a magnetic stray field landscape generated by an engineered magnetic stripe domain pattern superimposed by a small external magnetic field. It is shown that the purposeful design of local magnetic field sources in such a continuous thin‐film system enables a precise manipulation of the microrod alignment and, hence, dynamic control of the corresponding grating constant. It is demonstrated that the magnetic grating can be turned on and off due to disappearance of the engineered domain pattern when magnetically saturated. Moreover, the grating constant can be dynamically changed between two states when applying an AC external magnetic field. The experimental findings are corroborated by a theoretical model based on a quantitative description of the involved forces among the microrods and between microrods and substrate, respectively. These results therefore serve as a basis for smart surfaces with switchable diffraction properties on demand upon remote control.
Coating Nanoparticles with Gastric Epithelial Cell Membrane for Targeted Antibiotic Delivery against Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Angsantikul Pavimol , Thamphiwatana Soracha , Zhang Qiangzhe , Spiekermann Kevin , Zhuang Jia , Fang Ronnie H. , Gao Weiwei , Obonyo Marygorret , Zhang Liangfang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInspired by the natural pathogen–host interactions and adhesion, this study reports on the development of a novel targeted nanotherapeutic for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Specifically, plasma membranes of gastric epithelial cells (e.g., AGS cells) are collected and coated onto antibiotic‐loaded polymeric cores; the resulting biomimetic nanoparticles (denoted AGS‐NPs) bear the same surface antigens as the source AGS cells and thus have inherent adhesion to H. pylori bacteria. When incubated with H. pylori bacteria in vitro, the AGS‐NPs preferentially accumulate on the bacterial surfaces. Using clarithromycin (CLR) as a model antibiotic and a mouse model of H. pylori infection, the CLR‐loaded AGS‐NPs demonstrate superior therapeutic efficacy when compared with the free drug counterpart as well as a non‐targeted nanoparticle control group. Overall, this work illustrates the promise and strength of using natural host cell membranes to functionalize drug nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to pathogens that colonize on the host cells. As host–pathogen adhesion represents a common biological event for various types of pathogenic bacteria, the bioinspired nanotherapeutic strategy reported here represents a versatile delivery platform that may be applied to treat numerous infectious diseases.
Aligned and Graded Type‐II Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Films for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Qing Jian , Liu Xiao‐Ke , Li Mingjie , Liu Feng , Yuan Zhongcheng , Tiukalova Elizaveta , Yan Zhibo , Duchamp Martial , Chen Shi , Wang Yuming , Bai Sai , Liu Jun‐Ming , Snaith Henry J. , Lee Chun‐Sing , Sum Tze Chien , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecently, Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (RPPs) have attracted increasing interests due to their promising stability. However, the efficiency of solar cells based on RPPs is much lower than that based on 3D perovskites, mainly attributed to their poor charge transport. Herein, a simple yet universal method for controlling the quality of RPP films by a synergistic effect of two additives in the precursor solution is presented. RPP films achieved by this method show (a) high quality with uniform morphology, enhanced crystallinity, and reduced density of sub‐bandgap states, (b) vertically oriented perovskite frameworks that facilitate efficient charge transport, and (c) type‐II band alignment that favors self‐driven charge separation. Consequently, a hysteresis‐free RPP solar cell with a power conversion efficiency exceeding 12%, which is much higher than that of the control device (1.5%), is achieved. The findings will spur new developments in the fabrication of high‐quality, aligned, and graded RPP films essential for realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
KVOPO4: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Ding Jia , Lin Yuh‐Chieh , Liu Jue , Rana Jatinkumar , Zhang Hanlei , Zhou Hui , Chu Iek‐Heng , Wiaderek Kamila M. , Omenya Fredrick , Chernova Natasha A. , Chapman Karena W. , Piper Louis F. J. , Ong Shyue Ping , Whittingham M. Stanley 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSodium ion batteries have attracted much attention in recent years, due to the higher abundance and lower cost of sodium, as an alternative to lithium ion batteries. However, a major challenge is their lower energy density. In this work, we report a novel multi‐electron cathode material, KVOPO4, for sodium ion batteries. Due to the unique polyhedral framework, the V3+ ↔ V4+ ↔ V5+ redox couple was for the first time fully activated by sodium ions in a vanadyl phosphate phase. The KVOPO4 based cathode delivered reversible multiple sodium (i.e. maximum 1.66 Na+ per formula unit) storage capability, which leads to a high specific capacity of 235 Ah kg−1. Combining an average voltage of 2.56 V vs. Na/Na+, a high practical energy density of over 600 Wh kg−1 was achieved, the highest yet reported for any sodium cathode material. The cathode exhibits a very small volume change upon cycling (1.4% for 0.64 sodium and 8.0% for 1.66 sodium ions). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the KVOPO4 framework is a 3D ionic conductor with a reasonably, low Na+ migration energy barrier of ≈450 meV, in line with the good rate capability obtained.
Zipper‐Inspired SEI Film for Remarkably Enhancing the Stability of Li Metal Anode via Nucleation Barriers Controlled Weaving of Lithium Pits
Authors: Wang Dong , Luan Chen , Zhang Wei , Liu Xiaofei , Sun Lianshan , Liang Qing , Qin Tingting , Zhao Zhenzhen , Zhou Yan , Wang Peng , Zheng Weitao 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe lithium dendrite, inducing short circuit and breaking solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) films, is deleterious to the stability of Li metal batteries due to the uncontrollable occurrence of miscellaneous stresses. In contrast to conventional suppression routes, herein a strategy is proposed via controlling SEI film broken regions to minimize releasing stress in terms of weaving lithium pits. Inspired by the principle of zippers, zipper‐like SEI films enable offering ordered pattern on the surface of Li anode via mechanical rolling. For the available cells, net‐like sewing/breaking patterns alternatively occur in Li plating/stripping. In the same electrolyte, a stable and dendrite‐free Li homogeneous growth is achieved.
Partial Nitridation‐Induced Electrochemistry Enhancement of Ternary Oxide Nanosheets for Fiber Energy Storage Device
Authors: Tan Hua , Liu Zhihe , Chao Dongliang , Hao Pin , Jia Dedong , Sang Yuanhua , Liu Hong , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFiber‐based power sources are receiving interest in terms of application in wearable electronic devices. Herein, fiber‐shaped all‐solid‐state asymmetric energy storage devices are fabricated based on a partially nitridized NiCo2O4 hybrid nanostructures on graphite fibers (GFs). The surface nitridation leads to a 3D “pearled‐veil” network structure, in which Ni–Co–N nanospheres are mounted on NiCo2O4 nanosheets' electrode. It is demonstrated that the hybrid materials are more potent than the pure NiCo2O4 in energy storage applications due to a cooperative effect between the constituents. The Ni–Co–N segments augment the pristine oxide nanosheets by enhancing both capacity and rate performance (a specific capacity of 384.75 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1, and a capacity retention of 86.5% as the current is increased to 20 A g−1). The whole material system has a metallic conductivity that renders high‐rate charge and discharge, and an extremely soft feature, so that it can wrap around arbitrary‐shaped holders. All‐solid‐state asymmetric device is fabricated using Ni–Co–N/NiCo2O4/GFs and carbon nanotubes/GFs as the electrodes. The flexible device delivers outstanding performance compared to most oxide‐based full devices. These structured hybrid materials may find applications in miniaturized foldable energy devices.
Synthesis of Betulinic Acid Derivatives with Modified A‐Rings and their Application as Potential Drug Candidates
Authors: Borkova Lucie , Hodon Jiri , Urban Milan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis Focus Review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis of betulinic acid derivatives with modified A‐rings. It also focuses on their application as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Betulinic acid (BA) exhibits therapeutically interesting biological properties, including antitumor, anti‐HIV, antiprotozoal, and hepato‐ or nephroprotective activity; however, its clinical use has been severely limited by its higher IC50 value and worse pharmacological parameters than the currently used drugs. On the other hand, semisynthetic analogues of BA are much better suited for potential clinical use. Among these analogues, compounds that contain a modified A‐ring are the most promising. We hope that this Focus Review will serve as a guide for the synthesis of new BA derivatives with applications as drug candidates. A general audience may also find this Focus Review interesting, because it describes the structural motifs that are responsible for the observed bioactivities.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed peri‐Selective Direct Alkenylation of 1‐(Methylthio)naphthalene
Authors: Shigeno Masanori , Nishii Yuji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA rhodium‐catalyzed direct alkenylation of 1‐(methylthio)naphthalene has been developed using a thioether directing group. The reaction proceeds selectively at the peri‐position of the naphthalene ring with no competing ortho C−H activation. Both alkynes and alkenes can be used as the coupling counterparts. The alkenylated products with alkynes can be converted to benzo[de]thiochromenes by an iodine mediated cyclization method.