bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEASONAL FEATURES OF METABOLISM OF WOODY GREENERY OF THE SHRUB LAYER BOREAL FORESTS
Authors: Zubov Ivan Nikolaevich , Selyanina Svetlana Borisovna , Kutakova Natal'ia Alekseevna , Selivanova Natal'ia Vladimirovna 
Published: July 2019

A common juniper (Juniperus Communis L.) is a representative of shrub layer of boreal forests. In this work seasonal dynamics of quantitative content of main group of juniper woody greenery extractive substances is considered. Sampling was carried out during the spring-summer-autumn period in the Arkhangelsk region outside the zone of anthropogenic impact. Forest type – blueberry, mixed spruce-pine forest stand, class of Bonita-IV. In study samples content of mineral, water-soluble, alcohol-soluble and removing by steam distillation compounds and lipids content have been determined. According to these data, content of alcohol-soluble components is from 27.1 to 33.3%. It has maximum in April which is the last month of subarctic plants resting phase. The start of growth season in May is followed by sharp decrease of alcohol-soluble components content till it is the least value. Part of the components of alcohol extracts is precipitated when cooled in the form of wax (esters of fatty acids and alcohols or sterols with an admixture of fatty acids, hydrocarbons, pigments). The maximum content (4.3%) of wax substances falls on April, the minimum (1.4%) was detected in May. Lipids content ranges from 8.6 to 12.2%. This is somewhat below in comparison with pine tree, fir and other coniferous species. The three minimums of lipids content (in May, August and December), which were extracted with petroleum ether, in juniper woody greenery are observed in annual dynamic, and one maximum (July). The content of essential oil varies slightly by season and the number (2.4–2.8%) is second only to the DZ of fir. In the group of water-soluble substances there are two highs (June and November) and a low of August. The first maximum is associated with the flow of aqueous solutions from the soil, the second corresponds to the period of phenol accumulation. The minimum is explained by the slowing down of the aspiration current through the water supply channels at the end of the summer.
It has been established that seasonal dynamics of main group of extractive substances content of juniper woody greenery as a whole is correspond to phenological cycle.
PRODUCTION OF β-GLUCAN CONCENTRATE BY OAT GERMINATION
Authors: Gematdinova Venera Maratovna , Kanarskiy Al'bert Vladimirovich , Kanarskaya Zosya Albertovna , Kruchina-Bogdanov Igor Vadimovich 
Published: July 2019

Today industrial processes manufacturing functional food with elevated β-glucan fraction are vulnerable due to heavy losses in energy and valuable human nutrients, and that calls for new technological solutions. Oat malting is discussed as an approach to obtain β-glucan concentrates rich with protein, vitamins, enzymes by reducing starch level.
Hulless (or naked) oat malting duration was evaluated to control polysaccharide composition in grains. Amylolytic enzymes complex was demonstrated to degrade starch in 15 days from 59.5% to 31%, with β-glucan level rising correspondingly from 6.1% to 16.0%. It was noted that up to 6% of β-glucan can be synthesized in sprouts. Simultaneously, sprouting was accompanied by activation of endo-β-1,3-glucanase in aleuronic layer, and the maximal activity was observed on the 6th to 7th days of malting. This enzyme converts β-glucans to oligomers with lower molecular mass — β-glucan oligosaccharides, with concentration of the latter reaching 6% on the 15th day of malting.
YENİLİKÇİLİK VE RİSK ALGISI DÜZEYLERİNE GÖRE KULLANICILARIN İNTERNETTEN ALIŞVERİŞLERİNDE WEBSİTESİ MEMNUNİYETİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: HEPSİBURADA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KARAKURT Çağlar , KORKUT ALTUNA Oylum 
Published: July 2019

İnternet sayesinde yeni ve tamamen farklı özelliklere sahip bir alışveriş kanalı oluşmuş ve çevrimiçi alışverişler geleneksel kanalların yanında değerini arttırmıştır. Gözle görülür bir büyüme kapasitesine sahip olan çevrimiçi alışveriş ortamı, sunduğu fırsatlar ile hem tüketicilerin hem de işletmelerin ilgisini gün geçtikçe daha çok çekmektedir. İnternetin tüketiciler için sayısız fırsatlar sunduğu ve farklı dinamiklere sahip olduğu gerçeği internet ortamına yönelik tüketici davranışlarını inceleme gerekliliğini doğurmuştur. Bir çevrimiçi alışveriş websitesinin kullanıcıların ilgisini çekmesi ve çevrimiçi alışverişleri için tercih edilebilmesi için tasarımının yanında işletmenin itibarı, kullanıcının deneyimleri, güven, algılanan riskler, yenilikçilik düzeyleri, sosyal ve dış çevre vb. birçok faktörün etkisinin de olduğu göz ardı edilmemelidir. Bu araştırma kullanıcıların çevrimiçi alışveriş yaptıkları websitelerinde memnuniyeti etkileyen unsurlar üzerinde durmaktadır. Websitesi memnuniyetini belirleyen websitesi kalitesi algısı faktörlerinin kullanıcıların yenilikçilik ve algılanan risk düzeylerine göre nasıl farklılık gösterdiklerini ortaya koymak araştırmanın asıl amacıdır. Araştırma kapsamında kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile 311 anket toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda websitesi memnuniyetini etkileyen websitesi kalitesi algısı boyutlarının, tüketici yenilikçiliği ve tüketici risk algısı düzeylerine göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Removal of the intervertebral thoracic disc hernia under intraoperative neuromonitoring: case series
Authors: Markin S. P. , Simonovich A. E. , Klimov V. S. , Evsyukov A. V. 
Published: July 2019

Objective. To analyze the results of the removal of thoracic intervertebral disc hernia through posterior surgical approach using intraoperative neuromonitoring.Material and Methods. A total of 14 patients aged 43–64 years (M = 53.9) were operated on through posterior approach for symptomatic hernia of the thoracic intervertebral discs, with myelopathy (isolated or in combination with radiculopathy) in seven cases, and with isolated radiculopathy in another seven cases. Hernia were ossified in 6 cases. Operations were performed using intraoperative neuromonitoring. In 11 cases, unilateral or bilateral laminectomy and facetectomy were performed to remove a hernia; in three cases – laminectomy with resection of the facet joints and pedicles (in two of them, with ossified large and giant hernias, radiculotomy was performed to mobilize the dural sac).Results. The long-term clinical results of surgical interventions were evaluated 1–4 years after the surgery using VAS-10, ODI, and Frankel scales. VAS scores decreased by 2–6 points In 11 patients, and remained at the same low level characterized by mild pain (1–2 points) in three patients. In patients with myelopathy, the Frankel scale showed a positive trend in six out of seven cases. Two patients showed an increase in neurological deficit in the postoperative period. In one case, neurological disorders regressed within a short period of time, in the other one, they became permanent. Damage to the dura mater was observed in two cases.Conclusion. Intraoperative neuromonitoring allows the surgeon to act more actively and confidently in the area of disco-medullar conflict and thereby avoid excessive expansion of surgical approach without compromising the surgical result. A small number of observations does not allow making evidence-based conclusion.
Decision-making and technical choice in instrumental fixation for neurologically uncomplicated isolated burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Authors: Dulaev A. K. , Kutyanov D. I. , Manukovskiy V. A. , Parshin M. S. , Iskrovskiy S. V. , Zhelnov P. V. 
Published: July 2019

Objective.To substantiate the principles of context-based optimal decision-making and technical choice in instrumental fixation of the spine in trauma patients with neurologically uncomplicated isolated burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.Material and Methods.A comparative retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes of 206 trauma patients was performed. Patients of Group 1 (n = 17) underwent anterior spinal fusion with anterior instrumental fixation through isolated open anterior approach, those of Group 2 (n = 80) – open pedicle screw fixation, of Group 3 (n = 70) – posterior mini-invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, of Group 4 (n = 20) – open pedicle screw fixation with the extended laminectomy and reconstruction of the anterior column, and of Group 5 (n = 19) – open pedicle screw fixation and anterior fusion through an open approach. Non-parametric statistical methods were used.Results.Open or minimally invasive posterior instrumental fixation of the spine with instrumentation systems including 6 screws for incomplete burst fractures and 8–10 screws for complete burst fractures should be considered the best operative option in the immediate post-traumatic period (up to 7 days) both from the point of view of convenience and safety of the patient and from the standpoint of maximally effective use of any hospital resources. The use of open anterior approaches for the reconstruction of the anterior spinal column can be justified only when the time from injury exceeds 7 days, as a part of combined procedure, primarily in combination with minimally invasive posterior pedicle screw fixation.Conclusion.To date, decision-making and technical choice in instrumental fixation for neurologically uncomplicated isolated burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae should be context-based. The decision-making algorithm should be built on the basis of the experience of the operating surgeon, the time from injury, the trauma patient’s state of health, as well as the administrative and logistical context of provision of the specialized medical care.
The Bonnet problem for harmonic maps to the three-sphere
Authors: Dioos Bart , Van der Veken Joeri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In previous work [15] the authors defined transforms for non-conformal harmonic maps from a Riemann surface into the 3-sphere. An observation from that study was that two invariants, a real and a complex function, determine a non-conformal harmonic map up to isometries of the 3-sphere. We now show that if the first invariant of a harmonic map and its transformed map are the same, then these maps are either congruent or the harmonic map belongs to a particular 1-parameter family. Inspired by this result we discuss the Bonnet problem for non-conformal harmonic maps: to what extent is a harmonic map determined by its first invariant?
Exceptional points for finitely generated Fuchsian groups of the first kind
Authors: Fera Joseph , Lazowski Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let G be a finitely generated Fuchsian group of the first kind and let (g : m
1, m
2, …, mn
) be its shortened signature. Beardon showed that almost every Dirichlet region for G has 12g + 4n − 6 sides. Points in ℍ corresponding to Dirichlet regions for G with fewer sides are called exceptional for G. We generalize previously established methods to show that, for any such G, its set of exceptional points is uncountable.
Three Myths About Kant’s Second Antinomy
Authors: Watt Robert 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article challenges three widespread assumptions about Kant’s argument for the antithesis of the Second Antinomy. The first assumption is that this argument consists of an argument for the claim that “[no] composite thing in the world consists of simple parts”, and a logically independent argument for the claim that “nothing simple exists anywhere in the world”. The second assumption is that when Kant argues that “[no] composite thing in the world consists of simple parts”, he is making a claim about the mereological structure of spatially extended things in particular, as opposed to a claim about the mereological structure of things in general. And the third assumption is that Kant’s argument for this part of the antithesis is based on a claim about the relationship between the size of the extension of a composite thing and the sizes of the extensions of the things of which this composite thing consists.
“Subvurban” as an example of a serious game examining human behavior
Authors: Sochocka Anna , Solarski Mirosław , Starypan Rafał 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Research regarding players’ behavior, choices they make, strategies they employ, and how they communicate with each other during the play is the subject of scientific interest for a long time. This calls for creation of tools that could be used during such a research. Given the increased involvement of serious games in scientific projects, usage of a serious game as a tool for gathering and analyzing a player’s behavioral pattern, appears to be a reasonable choice. This paper describes the development process of a serious game in the form of a two-player strategy, which uses subversive mechanics in order to encourage users to reinterpret their approach to conflict-cooperation strategies. Its further aim is to analyze data regarding players’ choices, gathered by the game, and contents of questionnaires filled by the players participating in the project.
The Use of Text Messages for Exercise Behavior Change Techniques
Authors: Kompf Justin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Behavior change techniques (BCT) may be applied in several different ways with different methods of delivery, such as face-to-face, through print, or with the use of technology. Predominant determinants of exercise behavior include self-regulatory skills and self-efficacy. The use of text (SMS) messages is a candidate for the medium of BCT delivery because of its ease and frequency of use. If personal trainers and coaches are to effectively use SMS messages to deliver behavior change techniques for exercise, they should understand how to frame these messages based on the client's or athlete's individual characteristics.
Classification of generalized ternary quadratic quasigroup functional equations of the length three
Authors: Sokhatsky F.M. , Tarasevych A.V. 
Published: July 2019

A functional equation is called: generalized if all functional variables are pairwise different; ternary if all its functional variables are ternary; quadratic if each individual variable has exactly two appearances; quasigroup if its solutions are studied only on invertible functions. A length of a functional equation is the number of all its functional variables. A complete classification up to parastrophically primary equivalence of generalized quadratic quasigroup functional equations of the length three is given. Solution sets of a full family of representatives of the equivalence are found.
The relationship between algebraic equations and $(n,m)$-forms, their degrees and recurrent fractions
Authors: Lishchynsky I.I. 
Published: July 2019

Algebraic and recursion equations are widely used in different areas of mathematics, so various objects and methods of research that are associated with them are very important. In this article we investigate the relationship between $(n,m)$-forms with generalized Diophantine Pell's equation, algebraic equations of $n$ degree and recurrent fractions. The properties of the $(n,m^n+1)$-forms and their characteristic equation are considered. The author applied parafunctions of triangular matrices to the study of algebraic equations and corresponding recurrence equations. The form of adjacent roots of the annihilating polynomial of arbitrary $(n,m)$-forms over the field of rational numbers are explored.
The following question is very important for some applied problems: Is a given form the largest by module among its adjacent roots? If it is so, then there is a periodic recurrence fraction of $n$-order that is equal to this $(n,m)$-form, and its $m$th rational shortening will be its rational approximation. The author has identified the class $(n,m)$-forms with the largest module among their adjacent roots and showed how to find periodic recurrence fractions of $n$-order and rational approximations for them.
Immersive Virtual Reality for Pediatric Procedural Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Walther-Larsen Søren , Petersen Trine , Friis Susanne M. , Aagaard Gitte , Drivenes Bergitte , Opstrup Pernille 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pain management in children often is inadequate, and the single most common painful procedure in children who are hospitalized is needle procedures. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising and engaging intervention that may help to decrease anxiety and pain in children undergoing painful procedures. Our aim for this study is to investigate patient satisfaction and pain reduction by using a three-dimensional VR interactive game as a distraction.

METHODS:
In this randomized clinical trial, we enrolled 64 children aged 7 to 16 years who were scheduled for venous cannulation. Patients assigned to the control group were adherent to our standard of care, including topical numbing cream, positioning, and distraction by a specialized pain nurse. In the study group, children were adherent to the standard of care and were distracted by an interactive VR game. Primary outcomes were patient satisfaction and the procedural pain assessed by using a visual analog score; secondary outcomes were the procedural time and any adverse events.

RESULTS:
We found a high level of patient satisfaction with using the VR custom-made three-dimensional interactive game. All children (28 of 28 [100%]) in the VR group answered that they would prefer VR as a distraction for a later procedure, a borderline significant result compared with that of the control group (26 of 31 [84.9%]). No significant difference was found in pain scores and procedural times between the 2 groups. The number of adverse effects was low, with no significant difference between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found no difference in pain scores but higher satisfaction when using VR versus standard care as part of a multimodal approach for management of procedural pain in children.
Asthma Hospitalizations Among Homeless Children in New York State
Authors: Sakai-Bizmark Rie , Chang Ruey-Kang R. , Mena Laurie A. , Webber Eliza J. , Marr Emily H. , Kwong Kenny Y. 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Asthma is widely prevalent among US children, particularly in homeless children, who often lack proper medication storage or the ability to avoid environmental triggers. In this study, we assess asthma-attributed health care use among homeless youth. We hypothesize that asthma hospitalization rates, symptom severity, and admission through the emergency department (ED) will be higher among homeless youth compared with nonhomeless youth.

METHODS:
This secondary data analysis identified homeless and nonhomeless pediatric patients (&lt;18 years old) with a primary diagnosis of asthma from New York statewide inpatient databases between 2009 and 2014. Hospitalization rate, readmission rate, admission through the ED, ventilation use, ICU admittance, hospitalization cost, and length of stay were measured.

RESULTS:
We identified 71 837 asthma hospitalizations, yielding 73.8 and 2.3 hospitalizations per 1000 homeless and nonhomeless children, respectively. Hospitalization rates varied by nonhomeless income quartile, with low-income children experiencing higher rates (5.4) of hospitalization. Readmissions accounted for 16.0% of homeless and 12.5% of nonhomeless hospitalizations. Compared with nonhomeless patients, homeless patients were more likely to be admitted from the ED (odds ratio 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.82–2.12; P &lt; .01), and among patients &gt;5 years old, homeless patients were more likely to receive ventilation (odds ratio 1.45; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.09; P = .04). No significant differences were observed in ICU admittance, cost, or length of stay.

CONCLUSIONS:
Homeless youth experience an asthma hospitalization rate 31 times higher than nonhomeless youth, with higher rates of readmission. Homeless youth live under uniquely challenging circumstances. Tailored asthma control strategies and educational intervention could greatly reduce hospitalizations.
PRINCIPLES OF COMPLINING OF DICTIONARY OF UNIVERBS (on the material of the game glossary)
Authors: Diachok Natalia , Oblap Artem 
Published: July 2019

The paper is a practice to compile one of the parts of a dictionary of univerbs of the Russian language. Univerbal segment of lexicon of gamers, being cybergame players of Dota2, has determined object of the study. Subject of the study is declaring principles for lexicographic description of slangism univerbs. More and more active occurrence and functioning of univerbs in the context of different Russian-speaking slangism systems have stipulated the necessity to determine criteria to form lexical entry of each of the units under study. Objective of the study is to identify principles to form lexical entry of neological univerbs, to define its structure, and to generalize such basic characteristics of the units as unique and universal. Structural, descriptive, comparative, classificatory, and resumptive methods have been applied. Practical implication of the results may be used while studying neology of the Russian language. Conclusions. We believe that lexicographic description is the logic and required stage following the analytic studies of the units. They should be included in the corresponding dictionary type as a part of clearly structurized lexical entry demonstrating each unique and universal peculiarity of the units. Lexicographic description of univerbs relies upon a strict structure of lexical entry involving following structural elements: 1) univerb: а) ability to very, generic assignment, b) part-of-speech assignment, c) stylistic assignment; 2) its alternative word combination; 3) model of the word combination; 4) model of the univerb; 5) onomasiologic model where marker of onomasiologic basis coincides with the naming unit of lexical-semantic group; 6) lexical meaning of a univerb, being essentially more explanatory interpretation of alternative word combination; 7) univerbal type in terms of its origin; 8) qualification of a process of the univerb origination (according to a type, determined in p. 7); and 9) context of functioning of the univerb as well as identical word combination.
DERIVATION AND LEXICAL SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ERGONOMIC REPERTOIRE OF PEREYASLAV KHMELNITSKY CITY
Authors: Letiucha Liubov 
Published: July 2019

The target of this study is word building and lexical semantic characteristic of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytyskyi ergonimicon. The research material is modern ergonims of the town which have been the object of the study for the first time. Sources base was collected with different written materials, in particular telephone directories. The fact material was collected by personal observation, while learning companies’ advertisement leaflets during 2018. A descriptive method was used, the method of component analyses of words, the methods of analyses and synthesis, which enabled to form idea about ergonomic as integral subsystem, to analyze lexical and semantic as well as word building structure of ergonims. In the result of research main ways of ergonims derivation in town Pereiaslav-Khmelnytyskyi have been established; the eggonims classification has been proposed; ergonims lexical and semantic characteristic have been done. Conclusions: 1. Ergonims’ repertoire in town Pereiaslav-Khmelnytyskyi in its majority is built with metonymy and metaphor as a result of lexical and semantic onimisation. This dominant manner character is explained by language material economy, and by the fact, that metaphor and metonymy help nominator in building figurative, capacitative names which create positive associations and it could obviously attract the customer. 2. As types of lexical and semantic onimisation egronims which were built by metaphoric and metonymic meaning transfer have been analyzed as well. 3. Ergonimicons classification of the town has been done. 4. Ergonims built by other methods (lexical and semantic, variations of morphological, linguistically creative) and their combination have been analyzed. With the help of specific, linguistically creative word building ways nominators create unusual, original names due to the general tendency of the language of a modern town.