bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief communication: Rethinking the 1998 China floods to prepare for a nonstationary future
Authors: Du Shiqiang , Cheng Xiaotao , Huang Qingxu , Chen Ruishan , Ward Philip J. , Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. A mega-flood in 1998 caused tremendous losses in China
and triggered major policy adjustments in flood-risk management. This paper
aims to retrospectively examine these policy adjustments and discuss how
China should adapt to newly emerging flood challenges. We show that China
suffers annually from floods despite large-scale investments and policy
adjustments. Rapid urbanization and climate change will exacerbate future
flood risk in China, with cascading impacts on other countries through
global trade networks. Therefore, novel flood-risk management approaches are
required, such as a risk-based urban planning and coordinated water
governance systems with public participation, in addition to traditional
structural protection.
Langston Hughes, African American Literature, and the Religious Futures of Black Studies
Authors: Sorett Josef 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Following the propositions Elizabeth Alexander's keynote address, this essay begins by asking, How might a religious genealogy of Langston Hughes (and African American literature, in general) invite us to think differently about the future(s) of black studies? In response to this question, this essay traces a religious genealogy of Hughes's writing by moving backward across the span of his life from the 1960s, the decade in which he died, back to the 1920s, the decade in which we first achieved a degree of literary celebrity in the midst of the Harlem Renaissance. As a provisional response to the question of a religious genealogy of African American literature, this rendering of Hughes's long literary career seeks to accomplish three tasks. First, this novel genealogy of Langston Hughes highlights a range of sources that, in turn, reveal a religious history in African American letters that has only just begun to receive scholarly attention. Second, in shedding new light on these ostensibly familiar sources, this essay suggests that such histories present scholars of African American literature, culture, and religion with a fecund set of possibilities for future work. Third, by bringing this genealogy to the fore, this essay also hopes to call attention to how a set of religious ideas often circulate (and are left unquestioned) in and around our conceptions of black studies.
Words on a Tightrope
Authors: Williams Carmaletta M. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
In his writings, Langston Hughes very carefully, yet subtly, reveals that his literary activities, for the most part, have been performance art. In explaining the “tightrope of words” he has had to traverse in order to reach the self-identification he wanted for himself from early childhood, he explains how a mastery of language was his first step. Accommodating the interests of his audiences was the next. In this essay, Carmaletta Williams takes us through Hughes's revelations about his art, family, and journey to self-identification primarily through his second autobiography, I Wonder as I Wander.
Voorbij Public Administration en New Public Management
Authors: Bossert Hans , van der Steen Martijn 
Published: April 2019

Beyond public administration and new public management: South Africa in search of a new system for public facilities
South Africa underwent an unprecedented transition in 1994. The country changed from the Apartheid regime into a system founded on the principles of the rule of law and equal treatment for all. Along with this political regime change, a wide range of social rights were included in the Constitution, which grants al citizens a constitutional right to a wide range of social services. Moreover, the system of governance and organisation of services was designed according to the latest insights from the then emerging new public management paradigm. Now, twenty years later, the system is crumbling; many of the basic services are not properly provided to citizens. Partly, this is a consequence of a basic absence of integrity in parts of the political class and in elements of the civil service. However, as we illustrate in a case analysis of the Water Boards in the Western Cape Province, the problem is also a consequence of the design of the system of governance. The combination of unlimited constitutional access to services and a stringent regime of new public management principles in the organisation of service provision has led to a serious crisis of performance. Therefore, the solution for the problem may be to redesign the system according to other governance principles, such as learning governance and networked governance.
Bestuur in een low-trust context
Authors: Peeters Rik 
Published: April 2019

Governance in a low-trust context: The vicious circles in the reform of the Mexican government
Since the late eighties, Mexico has experienced profound economic modernisation and political democratisation. However, the corresponding administrative reforms have lagged: professionalisation of the public sector, improvement of public service delivery and development of modern management principles are plagued by a lack of coherence, implementation, and continuity. This can be traced back to several historically rooted and structural characteristics of Mexican public administration, which reproduce vicious circles of low trust and dysfunction. For example, (1) the extreme spoils system maintains a culture of distrust towards civil servants; (2) Mexico’s weak state capacity is a consequence of a lack of collective action, but also further undermines citizens’ trust in government; (3) strong labour unions are a response to poor labour rights, but also uphold a system of capture and confrontation; and (4) corruption is inevitable if cooperation depends on personal loyalties.
Het Wetsvoorstel bestuur en toezicht rechtspersonen in relatie tot sectorale regels en governancecodes voor stichtingen
Authors: van Uchelen-Schipper M.J. 
Published: April 2019

Het Wetsvoorstel bestuur en toezicht rechtspersonen in relatie tot sectorale regels en governancecodes voor stichtingen
Nu (de herziene versie van) het Wetsvoorstel bestuur en toezicht rechtspersonen weer volop in behandeling is bij de Tweede Kamer komen belangrijke wijzigingen in Boek 2 BW voor stichtingen steeds dichterbij. Voor veel soorten stichtingen gelden aanvullende sectorale wetten en governancecodes. In dit artikel komt aan de orde hoe de aankomende wijzigingen zich verhouden tot dergelijke sectorwetten en codes.
Het non-concurrentiebeding in de ondernemingsrechtpraktijk: vergeet het mededingingsrecht niet!
Authors: Haanraadts L.E. , de Jong G. 
Published: April 2019

Het non-concurrentiebeding in de ondernemingsrechtpraktijk: vergeet het mededingingsrecht niet!
In dit artikel wordt aan de hand van wet- en regelgeving en jurisprudentie het wettelijk kader besproken dat geldt voor non-concurrentiebedingen in overnameovereenkomsten en aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten. Ook worden mogelijke sancties in geval van een inbreuk op het mededingingsrecht behandeld. Afgesloten wordt met enkele aanbevelingen en aandachtspunten bij het opstellen van non-concurrentiebedingen.
Bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid en internetcriminaliteit in de bioscoop: een spannende film?
Authors: Westenbroek W.A. 
Published: April 2019

Bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid en internetcriminaliteit in de bioscoop: een spannende film? Rb. Amsterdam (kanton) 31 oktober 2018, ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2018:7881 (CEO-fraude Pathé)
In deze praktisch-wetenschappelijke bijdrage wordt aan de hand van de CEO-fraude bij Pathé stilgestaan bij het onderscheid tussen de aansprakelijkheidspositie van de bestuurder en de aansprakelijkheidspositie van de werknemer en de in dat verband gehanteerde terminologie.
Verslag WONO-symposium 25 januari 2019
Authors: Bakker K.J. , Kreileman N. 
Published: April 2019

Verslag WONO-symposium 25 januari 2019
Verslag van het symposium van de Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Notarieel) Ondernemingsrecht (WONO) van 25 januari 2019 met lezingen over loyaliteitsaandelen, waarderingsvragen in het ondernemingsrecht, dual class-aandelen bij beursvennootschappen en ‘Coding for Lawyers’.
UNCITRAL and a New International Legislative Framework on Mediation
Authors: Knieper Judith , Montineri Corinne 
Published: April 2019

UNCITRAL and a New International Legislative Framework on Mediation
More than sixty years after the adoption of the New York Convention, UNCITRAL finalised at its annual session, in July 2018, an instrument akin to the New York Convention in the area of mediation: the United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (‘the Singapore Convention on Mediation’ or ‘the Convention’), which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 20 December 2018. In addition, UNCITRAL adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Mediation and International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation, (2018, amending the Model Law on International Commercial Conciliation (2002); ‘the revised Model Law’).This contribution gives an overview of these two texts and their drafting process, starting with an overview of the works done by UNCITRAL over the past decades in the field of international mediation.
UNCITRAL Instruments on Enforcement of International Commercial Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation
Authors: Verbist Herman 
Published: April 2019

UNCITRAL Instruments on Enforcement of International Commercial Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation
On 20 December 2018, the Commission of UNCITRAL adopted the Model Law on International Commercial Mediation and International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation, 2018 (amending the Uncitral Model Law on International Commercial Conciliation, 2002). On 20 December 2018 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the ‘United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation’. Herman Verbist provides an overview of the Convention and the amended Model Law. This contribution ends with the complete Convention in Annex.
Nieuw in België: Collaboratieve Onderhandelingen Wettelijk Geregeld
Authors: Meuwissen Willem 
Published: April 2019

New in Belgium: A Statutory Basis for Collaborative Negotiations
The ADR Act of 18 June 2018 provides for an insertion into the ‘Gerechtelijk Wetboek’ (Judicial Code), entitled ‘Collaboratieve onderhandelingen’ (Collaborative Negotiations), which came into force on 1 January 2019.
End-tidal kuldioxid monitorering af den ikke-intuberede, akutte patient giver potentiel diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmæssig værdi
Authors: Betzer Martin , Lyngby Rasmus 
Published: April 2019

Baggrund
End-tidal carbondioxid (etCO2) monitorering anvendes rutinemæssigt hos alle intuberede patienter. Kapnografi er ligeledes tilgængelig til den ikke-intuberede, akutte patient, hvor brugen i diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmæssigt øjemed er sparsomt beskrevet.
Formål
Formålet med denne statusartikel er at beskrive og diskutere eventuelle diagnostiske og patientsikkerhedsmæssige fordele og ulemper ved kapnografimonitorering af ikke-intuberede, akutte patienter.
Metode
Artiklen er baseret på resultatet af en systematisk litteratursøgning, hvor tilgængelig evidens fra 1990-2016 blev identificeret fra databaserne MEDLINE, Cinahl, Scopus, Cochrane og Academic Search Complete. Litteratur relevant for denne artikels emne blev udvalgt og gennemgået.
Resultat
Artiklen beskriver og diskuterer den udvalgte litteratur. Overordnet vidner denne om en diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmæssig fordel ved kapnografi til patienter med vejrtrækningsbesvær, til vurdering af effekt af medicinsk behandling samt til kontinuerlig monitorering. Artiklen diskuterer ligeledes anvendelsen af kapnografi præhospitalt og potentialet for brugen i Akutafdelingen.
Konklusion Kapnografi findes i varierende grad at have potentiale indenfor diagnostik og kontinuerlig monitorering af akutte patienter, efter adækvat uddannelse i brugen.
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Background End-tidal carbon dioxide (etCO2) monitoring is routinely used in intubated patients. Capnography is also available for the non-intubated patient but its use as a diagnostic and patient safety tool is sparsely described. Aim The aim of this article was to describe and discuss potential diagnostic and patient safety benefits of capnography monitoring in acute, non-intubated patients.
Methods The article is based on the results of a systematic literature search, where available evidence from 1990-2016 was located from the databases MEDLINE, Cinahl, Scopus, Cochrane and Academic Search Complete. Literature relevant for this article was selected and reviewed. Results The article describes and discusses the selected literature. Overall, there is evidence of a diagnostic and patient safety benefit for patients with breathing difficulties, assessment of the effect of medical treatment and capnography used as continuous monitoring. The article further discusses the prehospital use of capnography in Denmark and the possible advantages for its use in the Emergency Department. Conclusions After adequate training in its use, capnography seems to have potential in diagnostics and continuous monitoring of acute, non-intubated patients.
Protein‐Engineered Functional Materials
Authors: Wang Yao , Katyal Priya , Montclare Jin Kim 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProteins are versatile macromolecules that can perform a variety of functions. In the past three decades, they have been commonly used as building blocks to generate a range of biomaterials. Owing to their flexibility, proteins can either be used alone or in combination with other functional molecules. Advances in synthetic and chemical biology have enabled new protein fusions as well as the integration of new functional groups leading to biomaterials with emergent properties. This review discusses protein‐engineered materials from the perspectives of domain‐based designs as well as physical and chemical approaches for crosslinked materials, with special emphasis on the creation of hydrogels. Engineered proteins that organize or template metal ions, bear noncanonical amino acids (NCAAs), and their potential applications, are also reviewed.
A Novel Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)–Mediated Interfacial Polymerization for Direct Deposition of Polyamide Layer on Ceramic Substrates for Nanofiltration
Authors: Bao Yueping , Chen Yunfeng , Lim Teik‐Thye , Wang Rong , Hu Xiao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA facile metal–organic framework (MOF)‐mediated interfacial polymerization (IP) method is developed to prepare a polyamide (PA) layer directly on the ceramic substrate for nanofiltration. MOF is introduced to connect ceramic substrate and PA layer via chemical bonding, resulting in a robust separation layer. The optimization of IP can be controlled by MOF growth process via tuning the surface roughness as well as hydrophilicity. This method will provide a new way for the preparation of next generation of organic–inorganic composite membranes.
Elemental Sulfur/DMSO‐Promoted Multicomponent One‐pot Synthesis of Malonic Acid Derivatives from Maleic Anhydride and Amines
Authors: Nguyen Le Anh , Retailleau Pascal , Nguyen Thanh Binh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMalonic acid derivatives could be conveniently prepared with high degree of functional flexibility via redox condensation reactions between anhydride maleic, amines, elemental sulfur and DMSO as oxidant. This multicomponent decarboxylative transformation consists in a cascade of ring opening, decarboxylative oxidative thioamidation at temperature as low as 50 °C.magnified image
Asymmetric Double‐Gate β‐Ga2O3 Nanomembrane Field‐Effect Transistor for Energy‐Efficient Power Devices
Authors: Ma Jiyeon , Cho Hyung Jun , Heo Junseok , Kim Sunkook , Yoo Geonwook 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe ultra‐wide bandgap and cost‐effective melt‐growth of β‐Ga2O3 ensure its advantages over other wide bandgap materials, and competitive electrical performance has been demonstrated in various device structures. In this paper, an asymmetric double‐gate (ADG) β‐Ga2O3 nanomembrane field‐effect transistor (FET) comprised of a bottom‐gate (BG) metal‐oxide field‐effect transistor and a top‐gate (TG) metal‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MESFET) is demonstrated. Schottky contact properties are validated by characterizing the lateral Schottky barrier diode (SBD), which exhibits high rectification ratio and low ideality factor. The top‐gate β‐Ga2O3 MESFET shows reasonable electrical performance with a high breakdown voltage, as anticipated by three terminal off‐state breakdown measurement. These properties are further enhanced by double‐gate operation, and superior device performance is demonstrated; positive‐shifted threshold voltage and reduced subthreshold slope enable the asymmetric double‐gate β‐Ga2O3 FET to operate at low power, and almost twice as much transconductance is demonstrated for high‐frequency operation. These results show the great potential of asymmetric double‐gate β‐Ga2O3 FETs for energy‐efficient high‐voltage and ‐frequency devices with optimal material and structure co‐designs.
Nanosheets‐Assembled CuSe Crystal Pillar as a Stable and High‐Power Anode for Sodium‐Ion and Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lin Hezhe , Li Malin , Yang Xu , Yu Dongxu , Zeng Yi , Wang Chunzhong , Chen Gang , Du Fei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThanks to low costs and the abundance of the resources, sodium‐ion (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have emerged as leading candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices. So far, only few materials can serve as the host for both Na+ and K+ ions. Herein, a cubic phase CuSe with crystal‐pillar‐like morphology (CPL‐CuSe) assembled by the nanosheets are synthesized and its dual functionality in SIBs and PIBs is comprehensively studied. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate that CPL‐CuSe enables fast Na+ and K+ storage as well as the sufficiently long duration. Specifically, the anode delivers a specific capacity of 295 mA h g−1 at current density of 10 A g−1 in SIBs, while 280 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 in PIBs, as well as the high capacity retention of nearly 100% over 1200 cycles and 340 cycles, respectively. Remarkably, CPL‐CuSe exhibits a high initial coulombic efficiency of 91.0% (SIBs) and 92.4% (PIBs), superior to most existing selenide anodes. A combination of in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ transmission electron microscopy tests fundamentally reveal the structural transition and phase evolution of CuSe, which shows a reversible conversion reaction for both cells, while the intermediate products are different due to the sluggish K+ insertion reaction.
Inverse Optical Cavity Design for Ultrabroadband Light Absorption Beyond the Conventional Limit in Low‐Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor–Based Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Quan , Toudert Johann , Li Tengfei , Kramarenko Mariia , Martínez‐Denegri Guillermo , Ciammaruchi Laura , Zhan Xiaowei , Martorell Jordi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the subwavelength regime, several nanophotonic configurations have been proposed to overcome the conventional light trapping or light absorption enhancement limit in solar cells also known as the Yablonovitch limit. It has been recently suggested that establishing such limit should rely on computational inverse electromagnetic design instead of the traditional approach combining intuition and a priori known physical effect. In the present work, by applying an inverse full wave vector electromagnetic computational approach, a 1D nanostructured optical cavity with a new resonance configuration is designed that provides an ultrabroadband (≈450 nm) light absorption enhancement when applied to a 107 nm thick active layer organic solar cell based on a low‐bandgap (1.32 eV) nonfullerene acceptor. It is demonstrated computationally and experimentally that the absorption enhancement provided by such a cavity surpasses the conventional limit resulting from an ergodic optical geometry by a 7% average over a 450 nm band and by more than 20% in the NIR. In such a cavity configuration the solar cells exhibit a maximum power conversion efficiency above 14%, corresponding to the highest ever measured for devices based on the specific nonfullerene acceptor used.
Asymmetric Transmission in the Planar Chiral Nanostructure Induced by Electric and Magnetic Resonance at the Same Wavelength
Authors: Bai Yu , Wang Tiankun , Ullah Hamad , Qu Yu , Abudukelimu Abuduwaili , Zhang Zhongyue 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAsymmetric transmission (AT) reflects the conversion efficiency of a chiral nanostructure for circularly polarized light and is widely used in polarization and optoelectronic devices. In this study, a new mechanism is proposed to generate AT when a planar chiral nanostructure is illuminated under left‐handed circularly polarized (LCP) and right‐handed circularly polarized (RCP) light illumination. The new mechanism can be achieved by breaking the symmetry of the designed planar chiral nanostructure which give rise to a new transmittance peak and dip at a particular wavelength under RCP and LCP light illumination, respectively. The proposed new mechanism is also capable of actively tuning the generated resonant modes. Besides this, when graphene strips are added to the designed planar chiral nanostructure, similar results are obtained as that from breaking the symmetry of the planar chiral nanostructure. In this case, the generated AT could also be actively tuned by varying the Fermi energies of graphene strips.
Chemistry Design Towards a Stable Sulfide‐Based Superionic Conductor Li4Cu8Ge3S12
Authors: Wang Yingqi , Lü Xujie , Zheng Chong , Liu Xiang , Chen Zonghai , Yang Wenge , Lin Jianhua , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSulfide‐based superionic conductors with high ionic conductivity have been explored as candidates for solid‐state Li batteries. However, moisture hypersensitivity has made their manufacture complicated and costly and also impeded applications in batteries. Now, a sulfide‐based superionic conductor Li4Cu8Ge3S12 with superior stability was developed based on the hard/soft acid–base theory. The compound is stable in both moist air and aqueous LiOH aqueous solution. The electrochemical stability window was up to 1.5 V. An ionic conductivity of 0.9×10−4 S cm with low activation energy of 0.33 eV was achieved without any optimization. The material features a rigid Cu‐Ge‐S open framework that increases its stability. Meanwhile, the weak bonding between Li+ and the framework promotes ionic conductivity. This work provides a structural configuration in which weak Li bonding in the rigid framework promotes an environment for highly conductive and stable solid‐state electrolytes.
Light‐Controlled Orthogonal Covalent Bond Formation at Two Different Wavelengths
Authors: Menzel Jan P. , Feist Florian , Tuten Bryan , Weil Tanja , Blinco James P. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe report light‐induced reactions in a two‐chromophore system capable of sequence‐independent λ‐orthogonal reactivity relying solely on the choice of wavelength and solvent. In a solution of water and acetonitrile, LED irradiation at λmax=285 nm leads to full conversion of 2,5‐diphenyltetrazoles with N‐ethylmaleimide to the pyrazoline ligation products. Simultaneously present o‐methylbenzaldehyde thioethers are retained. Conversely, LED irradiation at λmax=382 nm is used to induce ligation of the o‐methylbenzaldehydes in acetonitrile with N‐ethylmaleimide via o‐quinodimethanes, while 2,5‐diphenyltetrazoles also present are retained. This unprecedented photochemical selectivity is achieved through control of the number and wavelength of incident photons as well as favorable optical properties and quantum yields of the reactants in their environment.