bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different loading systems on acousto-ultrasonic characteristics of concrete under axial compression
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Tingting , Yan Chao , Wang Na , Yao Fei , Chen Lijun , Gu Jie 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In order to study the effects of different loading systems and stress history on the damage evolution of concrete, the acoustic emission characteristic parameters, the acoustic emission release rate, acousto-ultrasonic pulse wave velocity and the Rv value were compared and analyzed in the process of axial compression damage of concrete with different water cement ratios under step and intermittent loading. In this paper, the intermittent period led to a certain degree of “closure” in the internal microcracks of concrete, thus in the same HB to HD holding period, the acoustic emission release rate, mean value of acoustic emission characteristic parameters and mean acousto-ultrasonic pulse wave velocity under intermittent loading were all higher than that of step loading. The acousto-ultrasonic pulse wave velocity decreased with the increasing of the stress level and increased during the IA to ID intermittent period. Among them, with the decreasing of water cement ratio (from 0.6 to 0.4), the acoustic emission cumulative hits and the acoustic emission release rate increased, while the acousto-ultrasonic pulse wave velocity increased, and there were some differences in the acoustic emission release rate of the two loading systems at different water cement ratios. Furthermore, the Rv value decreased with the decreasing of water cement ratio in the IA to IC intermittent period and in the ID intermittent period, the Rv value increased with the decreasing of water cement ratio, thus the Rv value could reflect the evolution law of concrete with different water cement ratios during the intermittent period. The obtained results show that the acoustic emission and acousto-ultrasonic characteristic parameters are not consistent under two different loading systems, so research in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the damage identification and analysis of concrete structures under cyclic loading based on the acousto-ultrasonic technology in practical engineering.
Assessment of possible changes of water resources of the rivers belonging to the Kuyalnytskyi Liman catchment at the beginning of the 21st century (2021 -2050) according to the models of the climatic scenario RCP4.5
Authors: Loboda N. S. , Kuza А. M. , Kozlov О. M. 
Published: June 2019

Relevance of the paper consists in the need of ability to predict the water resources state of small and medium-sized rivers of the North-Western Black Sea Region in the 21st century in order to justify the strategy of Odesa Region's economy development. The water bodies of the studied territory include Kuyalnitskyi Liman with its unique balneological properties used for health improvement purposes since the end of the 19th century. Global warming and construction of numerous artificial reservoirs across the catchments of the liman's rivers resulted in its shallowing since the 90s of the last century. Forecasts for possible inflow of fresh water from the rivers to the liman in the near future have a great importance for assessing the prospects of its natural resources protection and preservation. The aim of the paper is to determine a possible state of water resources of the rivers belonging to the Kuyalnitskyi Liman catchment over the period of 2021-2050 based on imitational mathematical modelling with the climate-runoff model taken as a template and using meteorological data of 14 models of the RCP4.5 climate scenario. Estimations of zonal (climatic) annual runoff were provided for six meteorological stations located across the Kuyalnitskyi Liman catchment and adjacent territories. Each of the studied models has the water resources, heat and moisture resources estimations averaged over the target territory. It is shown that, compared to the last century's data, water resources changes will range from -82.6 % (model CLMcom3) to + 75.4 % (model MPI-CSC2). An average statistical model which is the result of averaging all the studied models was taken for further calculations. It was established that the best harmonization of estimated and actual tendencies of runoff formation climatic factors changes is observed when the average statistical model is taken. According to this model, over the period of 2021-2050 the Kuyalnitskyi Liman catchment area will see a heat resources expected increase by + 12.3 % with a slight (-1.80 %) humidification resources decrease. This will lead to reduction of territory's water resources by 25.5 %. The transfer of some watercourses feeding the liman to natural annual river runoff made it possible to determine that, according to the RCP4.5 scenario, over the period of 2021-2050 the average long-term inflow of fresh water from the Velykyi Kuyalnik River will constitute 16.5 million m3 and the inflow from other watercourses – 1.3 million m3.
Tendencies of long-term changes of temperature fields, salinity and water level of the North-Western part of the Black Sea
Authors: Berlinsky N. , Gavriluk R. , Danilenko O. 
Published: June 2019

The paper analyzes the variability of hydrological characteristics of the North-Western part of the Black for different temporal scales: long-term, seasonal and synoptic. The traditional methods of geographic investigations, such as comparative-geographic, retrospective and cartographic methods, were used. When analyzing sea level data packages and thermohaline characteristics mathematical methods, including statistical, correlation and regression analysis, were used. As a result of the conducted research quantitative estimates of tendencies of long-term changes of the thermohaline characteristics and level in the North-Western part of the Black Sea were received. Over the period of 1982-2005 an increase of water temperature in the North-Western part of the Black Sea was observed: in winter water temperature in the surface layer increased by 2оC, in the bottom layer – by more than 2оC. Over the period of 1990-2005 an increase of an average annual water temperature in Odesa area constituted 1,2°C. The most considerable and statistically significant temperature increase took place during the summer hydrological season: an average summer temperature increased during this period by 2,7оC. During transitional seasons (autumn and spring) there was also a tendency of temperature increase, however, statistically significant trend was observed only during the autumn period. There is a statistically significant negative trend observed for long-term changes of salinity. For the period of 1990-2005 an average annual salinity decreased by 1.36 ‰. A tendency of salinity decrease was observed for all seasons of the year, however, statistically significant trends are observed only in winter and summer. A close relationship between long-term changes in water salinity and runoff of the Dnieper River was also established. A sea level rise is observed at all stations of the North-Western part of the Black Sea. Over the period of 1947-2012 an average annual sea level in Odesa increased by 14 cm. An analysis of climatic changes of wind-induced sea level fluctuations showed that the frequency of surges of varying intensity remained almost unchanged, however, the frequency of sweeps changed significantly. Over the period of 1980-2012, as opposed to the period of 1947-1979, the frequency of minor sweeps (no more than 30 cm) increased, and the frequency of significant (more than 30 cm) and very significant (more than 50 cm) sweeps, on the contrary, decreased by about 5%-6%. Changes of wind-induced sea level fluctuations' character harmonize with wind direction and wind speed over the North-Western part of the Black Sea.
Depression Among First- and Fifth-Year Medical Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almalki Abdulaziz Saeed , Almalki Abdullah , Kokandi Abdullah , Aldosari Bandar , Bin Baz Abdulaziz , Alfadhel Shoog , Alsuwayyigh Abdulaziz , Alsadoun Rgad , Haddad Bandar 
Published: June 2019

Background: Depression, which is characterized by persistent sadness, is a highly prevalent and serious medical disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide. It is hypothesized that the onset of depressive symptoms in medical students occurs due to prolonged exposure to the stressful environment of medical colleges. Hence, we aimed to determine the presence of depressive symptoms and compare the level of depression between the first-year and fifth-year medical students in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with convenient sampling from 2 medical colleges in Riyadh in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from October to November 2017. The English version of Beck’s Depression Inventory questionnaire was used in this study. Statistical analysis was administered using SPSS via chi-square test, and P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 241 participants. The age variable shows a bimodal distribution. The mean age of first-year and fifth-year students was 19±0.8 years and 23±2.1 years, respectively. Fifth-year students comprised 53.5% of the total sample, and male students accounted for 63.1% of the total sample. After analysis, the results show that male students scored higher than female students on the lower side of the scale in both years. Most of the first-year female students scored a higher level of depression compared with male students (P=0.001), whereas no difference between males and females (P=0.04) was found in the fifth-year students’ data. Conclusion: Our study shows a new pattern of reported depressive symptoms among first- and fifth-year medical students. In addition, the study suggests that depression is more common in female medical students as compared with their male counterparts. For future studies, we recommend using randomized sampling in a cohort study including all levels of medical students to further investigate and confirm the findings.[GMJ.2019;8:e1497]
Applying the Illinois Work and Well-Being Model to increase labor force participation among people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Strauser David R. , Rumrill, Phillip D. , Greco Chelsea 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to introduce the Illinois Work and Well-Being Model as a framework that can be applied to facilitate the career development of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The model emphasizes the interaction of contextual and career development domains to improve participation in the areas of work, society, community, and home. CONCLUSION: A brief discussion of potential implications regarding vocational rehabilitation research, service, and policy is offered, with the overall goal of reinforcing career development as the foundation of vocational rehabilitation services for adults with MS and other chronic health conditions.
Priority employment concerns identified by Americans with MS residing in rural areas: Results of a national survey
Authors: Rumrill, Phillip D. , Strauser David R. , Li Jian , Roessler Richard T. , Chan Fong , Bishop Malachy L. , Leslie Mykal , Frain Michael 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: This article presents descriptive findings from a sub-sample of 414 people with multiple sclerosis (MS) residing in rural areas that was derived from a national survey of the employment concerns of Americans with MS. OBJECTIVE: Respondents were asked to evaluate 38 employment concerns items on two dimensions, importance and satisfaction, for the purpose of identifying strengths and weaknesses in the employment policies and practices affecting the labor force participation of Americans with MS. RESULTS: Results revealed a total of 13 employment strengths and 25 employment weaknesses that must be addressed in direct service and advocacy efforts if more rural residents with MS are to continue their careers while coping with this intrusive and unpredictable disease. CONCLUSION: Implications of these findings for future rehabilitation programming and research are examined.
Psychometric validation of the brief Multiple Sclerosis Community Participation Scale
Authors: Wu Jia-Rung , Iwanaga Kanako , Chen Xiangli , Lee Beatrice , Umucu Emre , Tao Jing , Grenawalt Teresa A. , Pfaller Joseph , Chan Fong 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) has received considerable attention as a model of disability in recent years. Within the ICF framework, community integration and participation are considered one of the most important outcomes of health and rehabilitation interventions. Participation is a very complex and subjective concept and therefore very difficult to measure. Most participation measures are relatively long and not ideal for public health and rehabilitation surveillance or for testing complex models using structural equation modeling. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to report the psychometric validation results for the brief Multiple Sclerosis Community Participation Scale (MSCPS) with 256 individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). RESULTS: Participants indicated that living independently; getting around; participating in recreational and social activities; and engaging in health promoting behaviors are highly important and meaningful life roles, followed by participating in meaningful life roles as children, spouses, parents, and full-time workers. Being a student, church member, and a part-time worker were the least important life roles for people with MS in the present study. IMPLICATIONS: Because of its brevity, the MSCPS has an advantage over other long form participation measures, making it suitable for public health surveillance, community follow-up of patients recently discharged from hospitals, and for researchers who are searching for abbreviated measures to test complex ICF models. CONCLUSION: The MSCPS appears to be a promising rehabilitation/health assessment and public health surveillance tool for individuals with MS, one that can be used by rehabilitation counselors to assess levels of community participation in their interview, assessment, and rehabilitation planning protocols.
Workplace discrimination allegations and outcomes involving charging parties with multiple sclerosis and other disabilities under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act: A causal comparative analysis
Authors: Rumrill Phillip D. , Roessler Richard T. , McMahon Brian T. , Leslie Mykal , Strauser David R. 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns in allegations of workplace discrimination by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: To describe the discrimination, both actual and perceived, that has occurred against individuals with MS in comparison to a group of individuals with other disabilities (GENDIS) through analysis of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Integrated Mission System (IMS) database. METHODS: An ex post facto, causal-comparative quantitative design was used to examine Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) Title I complaints received by the EEOC from people with MS from 2009 through 2016 ( n = 4,000) in comparison to the GENDIS group over the same time period ( n = 139,728). RESULTS: The MS group was less likely to allege discrimination regarding discharge but more likely to allege discrimination regarding reasonable accommodation, constructive discharge, discipline, insurance benefits, and demotion. Charging parties with MS were more likely to be female, younger, and Caucasian and less likely to identify as African American, Hispanic/Mexican, or Asian. The EEOC was more likely to evaluate allegations by adults with MS as having merit than those filed by the GENDIS group. Implications for vocational rehabilitation practice include the need for consultation regarding recognition of on-the-job discrimination and procedures for filing allegations consistent with EEOC guidelines; greater use of physical and occupational therapy; and development of cognitive support technology strategies to aid in job performance.
The factor structure of satisfaction ratings for selected employment concerns among people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Merchant William R. , Li Jian , Rumrill Phillip , Roessler Richard T. 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure of satisfaction ratings on a collection of 38 employment concerns items among people with Multiple sclerosis (MS). RESULTS: Analyses included a cross validation to establish and confirm a factor structure. The original 38 items were reduced to 17, which were found to form three distinct factors during the calibration portion of the cross validation. These three factors were Environmental/Personal Resources, Fair Treatment, and Legal Rights, which were confirmed during the validation portion of the cross validation. CONCLUSION: It appears that the three-factor structure of these 17 items is suitable for use with individuals with MS in the evaluation of their employment-related concerns and in the subsequent delivery of rehabilitation interventions.
Differences in youth and parent postsecondary expectations for youth with disabilities
Authors: Kirby Anne V. , Dell’Armo Kristin , Persch Andrew C. 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Parent expectations are known to be significant predictors of postsecondary outcomes among youth with disabilities. However, little is known about the relationship between parent and youth expectations and their differential prediction of postsecondary outcomes among youth with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between parent and youth expectations among students with disabilities in the United States. METHODS: Through analysis of the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), we compared wave two parent and youth expectations across disability categories ( N = 1,940) and explored the extent to which they predicted youth postsecondary outcomes. RESULTS: We identified that parent and youth expectations are related but significantly different, with parents consistently holding less independent expectations than youth. Both parent and youth expectations were identified as significant predictors of postsecondary outcomes, with youth expectations more strongly predicting education and independent living outcomes, and parent expectations more strongly predicting employment and Social Security benefit outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Transition providers should work with parents and youth to develop collaborative goals and expectations to best support youth with disabilities for independent activities in adulthood.
Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity among Children and Adolescents in Bangladesh: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Hossain Monira , Zannat Ismot Ara , Begum Suraiya , Rahman Shahana 
Published: June 2019

Background: Childhood obesity is becoming an epidemic globally as well as in Bangladesh. Although several risk factors are identified for overweight or obesity, limited studies have been done in our country. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Bangladesh.
Methodology: It was a cross sectional study done in children, aged 5 to 16 years, attending the Paediatric Endocrine Clinic and Paediatric Outpatient Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 18 months. Overweight and obese children as well as normal weight children were selected after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were classified as case (overweight/obese) and control (normal weight) according to the Center‘s’ for Disease Control and Prevention age and sex specific growth chart. Among a total of 150 children 100 were cases and 50 were controls.
Results: Majority of children in both the groups were male. Among cases 77% were obese and 23% were overweight. Analyzing the risk factors, it was found that first issue had 2.66 times, watching TV >3 hr had 4.47 times, breast feeding <6 month had 4.16 times, daily more caloric intake (approx.) had 17.36 times and maternal BMI >24.9 had 2.70 times increased risk to develop obesity.
Conclusion: The first issue, excess television watching, lack of exclusive breast feeding, excess calorie intake and having overweight/obese mother had higher risk to develop overweight or obesity in children and adolescents.
Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (1) :9-14
Pattern and Frequency of Anti-nuclear Antibody Positivity in Paediatric Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Islam Mohammad Imnul , Laila Kamrul , Rahman Shahana A 
Published: June 2019

Background: Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) are specific antibodies directed against a variety of nuclear antigens detected in the serum of patients with many rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases.These antibodies are not only involved in the pathogenesis, but also constitute the basis for diagnosis and treatment of paediatric rheumatic diseases. The objective of the study was to identify the patterns and frequency of ANA positivity in Paediatric Rheumatic Diseases.
Methodology: It was a retrospective study. Fourteen hundred and sixty eight records of paediaric rheumatology patients were analyzed. Statistical analysis were done to observe the frequency and association of different patterns of ANA in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
Results: Among the 1468 patients of PRDs, frequency of JIA cases was the highest (65 %) followed by SLE, Scleroderma, juvenile dermatomyositis, and others. Among the 261 PRD patients ANA positivity was 65%. ANA positivity was 100%, 92%, 40% and 31.5% in Mixed connective tissue disease, SLE, JDM and Scleroderma patients respectively. Homogenous staining pattern was found in 59% and speckled pattern in 22.9%. There was significant association between ANA positivity and uveitis in oligoarticular JIA patients. Significant association was also found between homogeneous patterns of ANA and renal involvement in SLE patients.
Conclusion: ANA positivity was highest in MCTD cases followed by SLE cases. Majority of SLE cases had homogeneous pattern of ANA.Staining patterns of ANA had significant association with the clinical manifestations in SLE and JIA cases.
Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (1) :21-26
Protein enriched breakfast meal from sweet potato and African yam bean mixes
Authors: Babarinde GO , Adeyanju JA , Omogunsoye AM 
Published: June 2019

Protein malnutrition is common in the developing countries due to gross intake of foods high in carbohydrate and lipids. Fortification and diversification of food crops are key players in reducing protein malnutrition and the associated health risks. This research evaluated nutritional components of breakfast food obtained from mixes of Sweet potato (SP) and African yam bean (AYB). SP and AYB were pressure cooked using autoclave at 121oC for 10 and 60 minutes, respectively. Blends of SP and AYB at 100:0, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, and 70:30 were used to produce a tasty and ready-to-eat breakfast food. Products were analyzed for proximate compositions. Physical and sensory attributes of the products were evaluated. Significant (p<0.05) higher protein (5.10-8.83%), fat (0.49-0.84%) and ash (2.33-2.84%) values were observed in samples with inclusion of AYB than meal produced from 100% SP. The physical properties of ready-to-eat meal blended with AYB revealed substantial values in the bulk density (0.86-1.00%), swelling index (5.03-6.77%), water absorption (3.80-5.20%) and fat absorption (1.00-1.27%) capacities. Sample with 15% AYB inclusion had higher scores for taste, colour, flavour, and overall acceptability by panellists when compared with other fortified samples. The formulated food has increased protein contents with good functional and sensory attributes.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(2), 125-130, 2019