bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Microvesicles in the Spread of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Oligodendrocytic Cells
Authors: Bello-Morales Raquel , Praena Beatriz , de la Nuez Carmen , Rejas María Teresa , Guerra Milagros , Galán-Ganga Marcos , Izquierdo Manuel , Calvo Víctor , Krummenacher Claude , López-Guerrero José Antonio 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen that can infect many types of cells and establishes latent infections in the neurons of sensory ganglia. In some cases, the virus spreads into the central nervous system, causing encephalitis or meningitis. Cells infected with several different types of viruses may secrete microvesicles (MVs) containing viral proteins and RNAs. In some instances, extracellular microvesicles harboring infectious virus have been found. Here we describe the features of shedding microvesicles released by the human oligodendroglial HOG cell line infected with HSV-1 and their participation in the viral cycle. Using transmission electron microscopy, we detected for the first time microvesicles containing HSV-1 virions. Interestingly, the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, which is resistant to infection by free HSV-1 virions, was susceptible to HSV-1 infection after being exposed to virus-containing microvesicles. Therefore, our results indicate for the first time that MVs released by infected cells contain virions, are endocytosed by naive cells, and lead to a productive infection. Furthermore, infection of CHO cells was not completely neutralized when virus-containing microvesicles were preincubated with neutralizing anti-HSV-1 antibodies. The lack of complete neutralization and the ability of MVs to infect nectin-1/HVEM-negative CHO-K1 cells suggest a novel way for HSV-1 to spread to and enter target cells. Taken together, our results suggest that HSV-1 could spread through microvesicles to expand its tropism and that microvesicles could shield the virus from neutralizing antibodies as a possible mechanism to escape the host immune response.

IMPORTANCE
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen that can infect many types of cells and establishes latent infections in neurons. Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of membrane vesicles secreted by most cell types. Microvesicles, which are extracellular vesicles which derive from the shedding of the plasma membrane, isolated from the supernatant of HSV-1-infected HOG cells were analyzed to find out whether they were involved in the viral cycle. The importance of our investigation lies in the detection, for the first time, of microvesicles containing HSV-1 virions. In addition, virus-containing microvesicles were endocytosed into CHO-K1 cells and were able to actively infect these otherwise nonpermissive cells. Finally, the infection of CHO cells with these virus-containing microvesicles was not completely neutralized by anti-HSV-1 antibodies, suggesting that these extracellular vesicles might shield the virus from neutralizing antibodies as a possible mechanism of immune evasion.
Can obesity and physical activity predict outcomes of elective knee or hip surgery due to osteoarthritis? A meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Pozzobon Daniel , Ferreira Paulo H , Blyth Fiona M , Machado Gustavo C , Ferreira Manuela L 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to identify whether obesity or the regular practice of physical activity are predictors of clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data source and eligibility criteriaA systematic search was performed on the Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science electronic databases. Longitudinal cohort studies were included in the review. To be included, studies needed to have assessed the association between obesity or physical activity participation measured at baseline and clinical outcomes (ie, pain, disability and adverse events) following hip or knee arthroplasty.Data extractionTwo independent reviewers extracted data on pain, disability, quality of life, obesity, physical activity and any postsurgical complications.Results62 full papers were included in this systematic review. From these, 31 were included in the meta-analyses. Our meta-analysis showed that compared to obese participants, non-obese participants report less pain at both short term (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.43; 95% CI −0.67 to −0.19; P<0.001) and long term post-surgery (SMD −0.36; 95% CI −0.47 to −0.24; P<0.001), as well as less disability at long term post-surgery (SMD −0.32; 95% CI −0.36 to −0.28; P<0.001). They also report fewer postsurgical complications at short term (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.91; P<0.001) and long term (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.74; P<0.001) along with less postsurgical infections after hip arthroplasty (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.59; P<0.001), and knee arthroplasty (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.78; P=0.006).ConclusionsPresurgical obesity is associated with worse clinical outcomes of hip or knee arthroplasty in terms of pain, disability and complications in patients with osteoarthritis. No impact of physical activity participation has been observed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016032711.
Optimal Tabu K-Means Clustering Using Massively Parallel Architecture
Authors: Saveetha V. , Sophia S. 
Published: February 2018

Parallel discovery of inherent clusters using massively threaded architectures is the solution for handling computational challenges raised by fat datasets in cluster analysis. The Graphics Processing Unit and Compute Unified Device Architecture form a convincing platform to parallelize clustering algorithms. The parallel K-means algorithm aims at increasing the speedup, but often faces the hitch of falling into local minima. The heuristic search procedure to discover the global optima in the solution space is known as Tabu Search. The K-means clustering solution is fine-tuned by applying parallel implementation of Tabu Search K-means clustering in order to increase efficacy. The aim is to combine optimization characteristic of Tabu Search for calculation of centroids with clustering attitude of K-means and to enhance the solution using processing power of GPU. The parallelization strategy used exhibits increase in speedup. The parallel Tabu-KM algorithm is tested on standard datasets, and performance is compared with sequential K-means, parallel K-means and sequential Tabu K-means algorithms. The experimental results confirm yet another parallelization technique to unravel data clustering problems.
Interleukin-30/IL27p28 Shapes Prostate Cancer Stem-like Cell Behavior and Is Critical for Tumor Onset and Metastasization
Authors: Sorrentino Carlo , Ciummo Stefania L. , Cipollone Giuseppe , Caputo Sara , Bellone Matteo , Di Carlo Emma 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Prostate cancer stem-like cells (PCSLC) are believed to be responsible for prostate cancer onset and metastasis. Autocrine and microenvironmental signals dictate PCSLC behavior and patient outcome. In prostate cancer patients, IL30/IL27p28 has been linked with tumor progression, but the mechanisms underlying this link remain mostly elusive. Here, we asked whether IL30 may favor prostate cancer progression by conditioning PCSLCs and assessed the value of blocking IL30 to suppress tumor growth. IL30 was produced by PCSLCs in human and murine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and displayed significant autocrine and paracrine effects. PCSLC-derived IL30 supported PCSLC viability, self-renewal and tumorigenicity, expression of inflammatory mediators and growth factors, tumor immune evasion, and regulated chemokine and chemokine receptor genes, primarily via STAT1/STAT3 signaling. IL30 overproduction by PCSLCs promoted tumor onset and development associated with increased proliferation, vascularization, and myeloid cell recruitment. Furthermore, it promoted PCSLC dissemination to lymph nodes and bone marrow by upregulating the CXCR5/CXCL13 axis, and drove metastasis to lungs through the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. These mechanisms were drastically hindered by IL30 knockdown or knockout in PCSLCs. Collectively, these results mark IL30 as a key driver of PCSLC behavior. Targeting IL30 signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy against prostate cancer progression and recurrence.
Significance: IL30 plays an important role in regulating prostate cancer stem-like cell behavior and metastatic potential, therefore targeting this cytokine could hamper prostate cancer progression or recurrence. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2654–68. ©2018 AACR.
Heterochromatin Protein 1α Mediates Development and Aggressiveness of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ci Xinpei , Hao Jun , Dong Xin , Choi Stephen Y. , Xue Hui , Wu Rebecca , Qu Sifeng , Gout Peter W. , Zhang Fang , Haegert Anne M. , Fazli Ladan , Crea Francesco , Ong Christopher J. , Zoubeidi Amina , He Housheng H. , Gleave Martin E. , Collins Colin C. , Lin Dong , Wang Yuzhuo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a lethal subtype of prostate cancer arising mostly from adenocarcinoma via neuroendocrine transdifferentiation following androgen deprivation therapy. Mechanisms contributing to both NEPC development and its aggressiveness remain elusive. In light of the fact that hyperchromatic nuclei are a distinguishing histopathologic feature of NEPC, we utilized transcriptomic analyses of our patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, multiple clinical cohorts, and genetically engineered mouse models to identify 36 heterochromatin-related genes that are significantly enriched in NEPC. Longitudinal analysis using our unique, first-in-field PDX model of adenocarcinoma-to-NEPC transdifferentiation revealed that, among those 36 heterochromatin-related genes, heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α) expression increased early and steadily during NEPC development and remained elevated in the developed NEPC tumor. Its elevated expression was further confirmed in multiple PDX and clinical NEPC samples. HP1α knockdown in the NCI-H660 NEPC cell line inhibited proliferation, ablated colony formation, and induced apoptotic cell death, ultimately leading to tumor growth arrest. Its ectopic expression significantly promoted NE transdifferentiation in adenocarcinoma cells subjected to androgen deprivation treatment. Mechanistically, HP1α reduced expression of androgen receptor and RE1 silencing transcription factor and enriched the repressive trimethylated histone H3 at Lys9 mark on their respective gene promoters. These observations indicate a novel mechanism underlying NEPC development mediated by abnormally expressed heterochromatin genes, with HP1α as an early functional mediator and a potential therapeutic target for NEPC prevention and management.
Significance: Heterochromatin proteins play a fundamental role in NEPC, illuminating new therapeutic targets for this aggressive disease. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2691–704. ©2018 AACR.
Preclinical Activity of Abemaciclib Alone or in Combination with Antimitotic and Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer
Authors: O'Brien Neil , Conklin Dylan , Beckmann Richard , Luo Tong , Chau Kevin , Thomas Josh , Mc Nulty Ann , Marchal Christophe , Kalous Ondrej , von Euw Erika , Hurvitz Sara , Mockbee Colleen , Slamon Dennis J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe cyclinD:CDK4/6:Rb axis is dysregulated in a variety of human cancers. Targeting this pathway has proven to be a successful therapeutic approach in ER+ breast cancer. In this study, in vitro and in vivo preclinical breast cancer models were used to investigate the expanded use of the CDK4/6 inhibitor, abemaciclib. Using a panel of 44 breast cancer cell lines, differential sensitivity to abemaciclib was observed and was seen predominately in the luminal ER+/HER2− and ER+/HER2+ subtypes. However, a subset of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines with intact Rb signaling were also found to be responsive. Equivalent levels of tumor growth inhibition were observed in ER+/HER2−, ER+/HER2+ as well as biomarker selected TNBC xenografts in response to abemaciclib. In addition, abemaciclib combined with hormonal blockade and/or HER2-targeted therapy induced significantly improved antitumor activity. CDK4/6 inhibition with abemaciclib combined with antimitotic agents, both in vitro and in vivo, did not antagonize the effect of either agent. Finally, we identified a set of Rb/E2F-regulated genes that consistently track with growth inhibitory response and constitute potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers of response to abemaciclib. Taken together, these data represent a comprehensive analysis of the preclinical activity of abemaciclib, used alone or in combination, in human breast cancer models. The subtypes most likely to respond to abemaciclib-based therapies can be identified by measurement of a specific set of biomarkers associated with increased dependency on cyclinD:CDK4/6:Rb signaling. These data support the clinical development of abemaciclib as monotherapy or as a combination partner in selected ER+/HER2−, HER2+/ER+, and TNBCs. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(5); 897–907. ©2018 AACR.
MCT4 Expression Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Colorectal Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
Authors: Kim Hee Kyung , Lee InKyoung , Bang Heejin , Kim Hee Cheol , Lee Woo Yong , Yun Seong Hyeon , Lee Jeeyun , Lee Su Jin , Park Young Suk , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kang Won Ki 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) are transmembrane proteins that control the lactate metabolism and are associated with poor prognosis in solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the biological and clinical role of MCTs in colorectal cancer and to assess the potential of therapeutic application. A total of 16 human colorectal cancer cell lines, 11 patient-derived cells from malignant ascites [patient-derived cells (PDC)], and 39 matched pairs of primary colorectal cancer and normal colorectal tissues were used to assess the role of MCT in vitro and in vivo. siRNA methodology was used to determine the effect of MCT inhibition and molecular mechanism of hypoxia- and angiogenesis-related factors in addition to MCT4. The effect of MCT inhibition was confirmed in mouse xenograft models. MCT4 expression in surgical tissue was evaluated by IHC and used for survival analysis. Expression of MCTs was demonstrated in colorectal cancer cell lines. siRNA-mediated MCT silencing caused significant decline of cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. An additive effect of MCT inhibition was induced by combined treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In particular, the expression of MCT4 was markedly increased in PDCs, and MCT4 inhibition significantly decreased PDC proliferation. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1α) was also highly expressed in PDCs, whereas HIF1α knockdown reduced MCT4 expression and of other angiogenesis-related mediators. The patients with high MCT4 expression by IHC showed shorter relapse-free survival compared with low expression. These findings suggest that MCT4 may represent a new therapeutic target for colorectal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis and serve as a prognostic indicator. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(4); 838–48. ©2018 AACR.
The genus Rosalba Thomson, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Apomecynini)
Authors: SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO , GALILEO MARIA HELENA M. , JOLY LUIS J. , TAVAKILIAN GÉRARD L. 
Published: February 2018

Nineteen new species are described: Rosalba wappesi, from Bolivia; R. giesberti, from Bolivia; R. skillmani, from Bolivia; R. lingafelteri, from Bolivia; R. senecauxi, from French Guiana; R. dalensi, from French Guiana; R. giuglarisi, from French Guiana; R. nearnsi, from French Guiana; R. cerdai, from French Guiana; R. gaianii, from Venezuela; R. pittieri, from Venezuela; R. clinei, from Bolivia and Brazil; R. morrisi, from Costa Rica and Panama; R. schneppi, from Panama; R. birai, from Colombia; R. stenodesma, from Venezuela and French Guiana; R. similis, from Peru and Ecuador; R. bezarki, from Ecuador; and R.seraisorum, from Ecuador and Brazil (Amazonas). The following new synonymies are established: Aletretia dissimilis Belon, 1903 = A. fimbriata Belon, 1903; Aletretia consobrina Melzer, 1934, Rosalba gounellei Galileo & Martins, 2013 and Rosalba vanini Galileo & Martins, 2013 = Aletretia inscripta Bates, 1866; Aletretia mediofasciata Breuning, 1943 = Aletretia bucki Melzer, 1934; Aletretia peraffinis Breuning, 1940 = Aletretia approximata Melzer, 1934. The following species are redescribed: Rosalba strandiella (Breuning, 1940); and Rosalba rufescens (Breuning, 1940). The following new records are reported: Rosalba strandiella for Bolivia; R. strandi (Breuning, 1943) from the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina; R. inscripta from Peru and the Brazilian state of Acre; R. smaragdina (Breuning, 1940) from the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais; R. obliqua (Thomson, 1868) from Brazil; and Rosalba fimbriata (Belon, 1903) from Ecuador.
Audiometric Testing Guideline Adherence in Children Undergoing Tympanostomy Tubes: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Beyea Jason A. , Rosen Emily , Stephens Trina , Nguyen Paul , Hall Stephen F. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTympanostomy tube (TT) insertion is the most common ambulatory surgery performed on children. American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Founda‐tion (AAO‐HNSF) Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) recommend hearing testing for all pediatric TT candidates. The aim of this study was to assess audiometric testing in this population.Study DesignRetrospective population‐based cohort study.SettingAll hospitals in the Canadian province of Ontario.Subjects and MethodsAll patients 12 years of age and younger who underwent at least 1 TT procedure between January 1993 and June 2016. The primary outcomes were the percentage of patients who underwent a hearing test within 1 year before and/or 1 year after surgery.ResultsA total of 316,599 bilateral TT procedures were performed during the study period (1993 to 2016). Presurgical hearing tests increased from 55.7% to 74.9%, and postsurgical hearing tests increased from 42.2% to 68.9%. Younger surgeons demonstrated a greater adherence to the CPGs (relative risk [RR], 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08‐1.38; P =. 001). Remarkably, there was not a spike in preoperative hearing tests following the introduction of the CPGs in 2013 (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.85‐1.47; P =. 432). Presurgical hearing testing ranged from 26.1% to 83.5% across health regions.ConclusionIn this cohort of children who underwent TT placement, the trends of preoperative and postoperative audiometric testing are increasing but are still lower than recommended by the CPGs, despite a tripling of practicing audiologists. This study describes the current state of testing in Ontario and highlights issues of access to audiology services, possible parent preferences, and the importance of ongoing continuing medical education for all health care practitioners.
Infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy of Fe-rich smectites from Morrón de Mateo bentonite deposit (Spain)
Authors: Pelayo M. , Marco J. F. , Fernández A. M. , Vergara L. , Melón A. M. , Pérez del Villar L. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe Morrón de Mateo bentonite deposit has been studied as a natural analogue of the thermal effect on the bentonite barrier of a geological radioactive waste repository. This deposit was intruded by a volcanic dome that induced hydrothermal activity affecting the smectite clay minerals close to the dome. Previous studies of proximal bentonites indicated that Al-montmorillonites were transformed into Fe-rich smectites with intermediate composition between beidellite and saponite through gradual steps formed by smectites increasingly rich in Mg and Fe. In order to confirm the suggested transformation and the Fe distribution into the smectites, infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy studies were performed. Infrared spectra of samples away from the dome show typical bands for montmorillonite type with prevailing Al in octahedral positions, while proximal samples also show bands of Fe-rich smectites. Mössbauer data confirm that Fe present in the fine fraction of bentonites is fundamentally located in the smectites structure, mainly as octahedrally coordinated Fe(III). Proximal smectites have a considerably more distorted octahedral environment for Fe(III) which probably stemmed from a significant degree of substitution of Al by Fe(III). These results confirm that an alteration process occurred related to the volcanic intrusion which produced an increase in temperature and Fe-rich solutions responsible for the transformation of Al-montmorillonites.
Autophagy in stem cells: repair, remodelling and metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Boya Patricia , Codogno Patrice , Rodriguez-Muela Natalia 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Autophagy is a catabolic pathway by which cellular components are delivered to the lysosome for degradation and recycling. Autophagy serves as a crucial intracellular quality control and repair mechanism but is also involved in cell remodelling during development and cell differentiation. In addition, mitophagy, the process by which damaged mitochondria undergo autophagy, has emerged as key regulator of cell metabolism. In recent years, a number of studies have revealed roles for autophagy and mitophagy in the regulation of stem cells, which represent the origin for all tissues during embryonic and postnatal development, and contribute to tissue homeostasis and repair throughout adult life. Here, we review these studies, focussing on the latest evidence that supports the quality control, remodelling and metabolic functions of autophagy during the activation, self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic, adult and cancer stem cells.
Personalization in Email Marketing: The Role of Noninformative Advertising Content
Authors: Sahni Navdeep S. , Wheeler S. Christian , Chintagunta Pradeep 
Published: February 2018

In collaboration with three companies selling a diverse set of products, we conducted randomized field experiments in which experimentally tailored email ads were sent to millions of individuals. We found consistently that personalizing the emails by adding consumer-specific information (e.g., recipient’s name) benefited the advertisers. Importantly, such content is not likely to be informative about the advertised product or the company. In our main experiment, we found that adding the name of the message recipient to the email’s subject line increased the probability of the recipient opening it by 20% (from 9.05% to 10.80%), which translated to an increase in sales’ leads by 31% (from 0.39% to 0.51%) and a reduction in the number of individuals unsubscribing from the email campaign by 17% (from 1.2% to 1.0%). We present similar experiments conducted with other companies, which show that the effects we document extend from objectives ranging from acquiring new customers to retaining customers who have purchased from the company in the past. Our investigation of several possible mechanisms suggests that such content increases the effort consumers make in processing the other content in the rest of the advertising message. Our paper quantifies the benefits from personalization and sheds light on the role of noninformative advertising content by analyzing several detailed measures of recipient’s interaction with the message. It provides external validity to psychological mechanisms and has clear implications for the firms that are designing their advertising campaigns. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1066 .