bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biochemical properties of a novel paraoxonase-like enzyme in Trichoderma atroviride strain T23 involved in the degradation of 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
Authors: Sun Jianan , Yuan Xu , Li Yaqian , Wang Xinhua , Chen Jie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDichlorvos, is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus pesticide that is widely applied in the agricultural industry and considered a pollutant to fish and bees. T. atroviride strain T23, an efficient DDVP-degrading strain, could convert DDVP to dichloroacetic acid, 2,2-dichloroethanol and phosphoric acid through mineralization. RT-qPCR analysis showed TaPon1-like encoding an organophosphorus hydrolase, is continuously highly expressed in the process of degrading DDVP. TaPon1-like contained an open reading frame of 1317 bp, and the deduced amino acid sequence shared 21% homology with HuPON1, which also exhibits excellent hydrolysis of organophosphate-oxons compounds. By analysis of gene knockout, we found the ΔTaPon1-like knockout strain KO1 lost 35.6% of its DDVP-degradation capacity at 24 h, but this loss of degradation activity was recovered when the gene was complemented. Furthermore, the purified recombinant protein reTAPON1-LIKE, could transform DDVP only to dimethyl phosphate and showed significant paraoxonase activity (1028 U L−1). The reTAPON1-LIKE enzyme showed a broad degradation spectrum, degrading not only DDVP but also organophosphate-oxons and lactone. The kinetic parameters (Km and kcat) of the purified reTAPON1-LIKE were determined to be 0.23 mM and 204.3 s−1 for DDVP, respectively. The highest activity was obtained at 35 °C, and the optimal pH was 8.5. The activity of reTAPON1-LIKE was enhanced most significantly when 1.0 mM Ca2+ was added but declined when 1.0 mM Cu2+ was added. These results showed TAPON1-LIKE play an important role for DDVP degradation in the first step by T23 and provided clue to comprehensively understanding the degradation mechanism of organophosphate-oxons pesticides by filamentous fungi.ImportanceThe large amounts of residues of organophosphate pesticides in agroecological system has become a great threat to the safety of environment and humans. Bioremediation in association with microbial is innovative technology having a potential to alleviate such pollution problems. The genus Trichoderma is genetically diverse with capabilities to degrade chemical pesticides among different strains with agricultural significance. As a typical organophosphorus pesticide, it is one of the most employed compounds of the family. Though it was classified as a highly toxic pesticide by WHO due to its hazardous properties, it plays an important role in the control of plant pests, food storage and homes, as well as to treat infections in livestock. Therefore, we use DDVP as a model of organophosphate pesticide to study the mechanism of Trichoderma degrading organophosphate pesticides, for the aim of globally understanding molecular mechanism of enzymatic degradation of organophosphate pesticides by beneficial fungi.
Cross-modal restoration of juvenile-like ocular dominance plasticity after increasing GABAergic inhibition
Authors: Teichert Manuel , Isstas Marcel , Wieske Franziska , Winter Christine , Bolz Jürgen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn juvenile and “young adult” mice monocular deprivation (MD) shifts the ocular dominance (OD) of binocular neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) away from the deprived eye. However, OD plasticity is completely absent in mice older than 110 days, but can be reactivated by treatments which decrease GABA levels in V1. Typically, these OD shifts can be prevented by increasing GABAergic transmission with diazepam. We could recently demonstrate that both bilateral whisker and auditory deprivation (WD, AD), can also restore OD plasticity in mice older than 110 days, since MD for 7 days in WD mice caused a potentiation of V1 input through the ipsilateral (open) eye, the characteristic feature of OD plasticity of “young adult” mice. Here we examined whether WD for 7 days also decreases GABA levels. For this, we performed post mortem HPLC analysis of V1 tissue. Indeed, we found that WD significantly decreased GABA levels in V1. Surprisingly, enhancing GABAergic inhibition by diazepam did not abolish OD shifts in WD mice, as revealed by repeated intrinsic signal imaging. On the contrary, this treatment led to a depression of V1 input through the previously closed contralateral eye, the characteristic signature of OD plasticity in juvenile mice during the critical period. Interestingly, the same result was obtained after AD. Taken together, these results suggest that cross-modally restored OD plasticity does not only depend on reduction of GABA levels in V1, but also requires other, so far unknown mechanisms.
Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots
Authors: Banerjee Samiran , Walder Florian , Büchi Lucie , Meyer Marcel , Held Alain Y. , Gattinger Andreas , Keller Thomas , Charles Raphael , van der Heijden Marcel G.A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRoot-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players in agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on the root microbiota and it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences network complexity of microbial communities. We investigated the impact of conventional, no-till and organic farming on wheat root fungal communities usingPacBio SMRT sequencingon samples collected from 60 farmlands in Switzerland. Organic farming harboured a much more complex fungal network than conventional and no-till farming systems. The abundance of keystone taxa was the highest under organic farming where agricultural intensification was the lowest. The occurrence of keystone taxa was best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH and mycorrhizal colonization. The majority of keystone taxa are known to form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations with plants and belong to the ordersGlomerales,Paraglomerales, andDiversisporales. Supporting this, the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and soils was also significantly higher under organic farming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report mycorrhizal keystone taxa for agroecosystems, and we demonstrate that agricultural intensification reduces network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in the root microbiota.
Specific metabolic signatures of fish exposed to cyanobacterial blooms
Authors: Sotton Benoît , Paris Alain , Manach Séverine Le , Blond Alain , Duval Charlotte , Qiao Qin , Catherine Arnaud , Combes Audrey , Pichon Valérie , Bernard Cécile , Marie Benjamin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith the increasing impact of the global warming, occurrences of cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic ecosystems are becoming a main ecological concern around the world. Due to their capacity to produce potential toxic metabolites, interactions between the cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin complex and the other freshwater organisms have been widely studied in the past years. Non-targeted metabolomic analyses have the powerful capacity to study a high number of metabolites at the same time and thus to understand in depth the molecular interactions between various organisms in different environmental scenario and notably during cyanobacterial blooms. In this way during summer 2015, liver metabolomes of two fish species, sampled in peri-urban lakes of the île-de-France region containing or not high concentrations of cyanobacteria, were studied. The results suggest that similar metabolome changes occur in both fish species exposed to cyanobacterial blooms compared to them not exposed. Metabolites implicated in protein synthesis, protection against ROS, steroid metabolism, cell signaling, energy storage and membrane integrity/stability have shown the most contrasted changes. Furthermore, it seems that metabolomic studies will provide new information and research perspectives in various ecological fields and notably concerning cyanobacteria/fish interactions but also a promising tool for environmental monitoring of water pollutions.
Reduction of LOXL2-mediated H3K4 oxidation increases chromatin accessibility and promotes chemosensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Cebrià-Costa J.P. , Pascual-Reguant L. , Gonzalez-Perez A. , Serra-Bardenys G. , Querol J. , Cosín M. , Verde G. , Cigliano R.A. , Sanseverino W. , Segura-Bayona S. , Iturbide A. , Andreu D. , Nuciforo P. , Bernado-Morales C. , Rodilla V. , Arribas J. , Yelamos J. , de Herreros A. Garcia , Stracker T.H. , Peiró S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOxidation of H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4ox) by lysyl oxidase–like 2 (LOXL2) generates an H3 modification with an unknown physiological function. We find that LOXL2 and H3K4ox are higher in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and patient–derived xenographs (PDXs) than those from other breast cancer subtypes. ChIP-seq revealed that H3K4ox is located primarily in heterochromatin, where it is involved in chromatin compaction. Knocking down LOXL2 reduces H3K4ox levels and causes chromatin decompaction, resulting in a sustained activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and increased susceptibility to anticancer agents. This critical role that LOXL2 and oxidized H3 play in chromatin compaction and DDR suggests that functionally targeting LOXL2 could be a way to sensitize TNBC cells to conventional therapy.
Human Bone Marrow Assessment by Single Cell RNA Sequencing, Mass Cytometry and Flow Cytometry
Authors: Oetjen Karolyn A. , Lindblad Katherine E. , Goswami Meghali , Gui Gege , Dagur Pradeep K. , Lai Catherine , Dillon Laura W. , McCoy J. Philip , Hourigan Christopher S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNew techniques for single-cell analysis have led to insights into hematopoiesis and the immune system, but the ability of these techniques to cross-validate and reproducibly identify the biological variation in diverse human samples is currently unproven. We therefore performed a comprehensive assessment of human bone marrow cells using both single-cell RNA sequencing and multiparameter flow cytometry from twenty healthy adult human donors across a broad age range. These data characterize variation between healthy donors as well as age-associated changes in cell population frequencies. Direct comparison of techniques revealed discrepancy in the quantification of T lymphocyte and natural killer cell populations. Orthogonal validation of immunophenotyping using mass cytometry demonstrated good correlation with flow cytometry. Technical replicates using single-cell RNA sequencing matched robustly, while biological replicates showed variation. Given the increasing use of single-cell technologies in translational research, this resource serves as an important reference dataset and highlights opportunities for further refinement.
Interactive processing of radar target detection and tracking
Authors: Chen Weishi 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
An interactive processing scheme is proposed to improve the target detection probability as well as the tracking performance of the radar system.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, with the spatial-correlated features extracted from the foreground and background statistical models, the thresholds were adapted to distinguish the dim small targets from clutters in the complex incoherent radar images. Then, the target trajectories were constructed with the target tracking algorithm. According to the temporal correlation with the target life cycle, the thresholding values were modified in the neighbourhood of the predicted positions to improve the detection sensitivity in these areas during the tracking process. Finally, the temporal-correlated features of the remained clutters were used to further reduce the false alarm rate.

Findings
The proposed algorithm was applied on the simulated data, as well as the image sequences obtained with the incoherent marine radars. The detection results demonstrated that the interactive algorithm could detect and track the dim small targets with relatively low false alarm rate.

Practical implications
The interactive processing scheme could be applied for low-altitude airspace surveillance with incoherent marine radar.

Originality/value
The proposed scheme outperforms the classical radar target detection algorithms and the state-of-the-art image processing algorithms for video-based surveillance.
Small consequences of a major agreement: the MILA case
Authors: Hardy Nicolas , Magner Nicolas S. , Lavin Jaime , Cardenas Rodrigo A. , Jara-Bertin Mauricio 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence about the effects of the MILA agreement in terms of improving financial market efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors measure efficiency by studying the stock reaction to earnings announcements using a conditional heteroscedasticity generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity-adjusted market model and the most commonly implemented event study tests for 3,399 events across four countries in the Latin American Integrated Market (MILA).

Findings
Contrary to expectations, the results show that the MILA agreement has isolated gains in terms of reaction to corporate earnings announcements, which translates into partial improvements in market efficiency. However, the evidence indicates that the MILA agreement favored cointegration, which is in line with other studies.

Practical implications
This paper provides evidence for policymakers and regulators that a stock market agreement is a condition that promotes market cointegration, but it is not an element that in itself ensures an improvement in market efficiency. To achieve greater MILA benefits, regulatory and market-level changes are required.

Originality/value
This is the first study that analyses the effect of a stock market agreement on the efficiency of markets, expanding on what has been studied in the finance literature regarding the influence of these agreements on cointegration.
Shareholder activism impact on efficiency in Brazil
Authors: Guimaraes Paula , Leal Ricardo P.C. , Wanke Peter , Morey Matthew 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the long-term impact of shareholder activism on Brazilian listed companies.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a sample of 194 companies in 2010, 2012 and 2014 and a two-stage data envelopment analysis to generate an efficiency score based on corporate governance, ownership structure and financial characteristics of companies. In the second stage, the study applies a bootstrap truncated regression to identify whether there is a relationship between the efficiency scores and a company-level activism index.

Findings
The results show a negative correlation between the efficiency scores and the activism index, suggesting that activist shareholders tend to target less efficient companies. A time analysis over the period 2010-2014 does not offer evidence of impacts of activism on changes of the efficiency scores.

Practical implications
Activist shareholders target less efficient companies. Shareholder activism increased after regulation that facilitated shareholder voting and required greater company transparency was introduced.

Originality/value
The two-stage nature of the procedure used in the analysis ascertains that this result is not spurious, assuring data separability between productive resources and contextual variables. This study contributes to the scarce literature on activism in emerging markets.
Trends and gaps in place-making in the context of urban development and tourism
Authors: Dupre Karine 
Published: September 2018

PurposeMany scholars have addressed the concept of place-making, yet there is still little formal knowledge about how major societal changes have influenced place-making. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 is an earthshaking event that changed the world, with regard to geopolitics and the internationalisation of our cities and places, thus generating many urban and tourism developments. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse how the term “place-making” has been variously defined and developed as a concept since the time of the fall. Furthermore, it intends to assess whether such analysis can reveal potential competition and synergy for places between tourism and urban developments.Design/methodology/approachTo address these two questions, a systematic quantitative literature review of research published between 1991 and 2016 has been used, providing a 25 years overview that reveals the current trends in the research on this topic and highlights the gaps in the existing literature.FindingsFindings concerns the variety of definitions, demonstrating the complexity of place-making; four emerging topics (place-making and globalisation; participation; conflicts/challenges; and trendy strategies); and a lack of synergy between tourism and urban development regarding place-making.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation to this research is the language criterion, restricted to English, thus automatically eliminating articles written in any other languages.Practical implicationsThis paper can help key stakeholders to re-assess the place-making strategies in light of the findings.Social implicationsThis research demonstrates the emergence of new trends in place-making that need to be addressed to fulfil societal demands and own changes. It can be used as a basis to start reflection and further development for communities and a wide variety of stakeholders.Originality/valueThe originality of this research resides in the 25-year overview that displays gaps and trends around place-making.
Predicting the success of Twitter in healthcare
Authors: Aboelmaged Mohamed Gamal 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to predict Twitter satisfaction by healthcare professionals through integrating constructs of Csikszentmihalyi’s flow theory, quality dimensions and usefulness.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey responses of 108 physicians from a variety of specialisations in the United Arab Emirates have been validated and analysed by means of partial least squares-based structural equation modelling method using smartPLS software.

Findings
Service quality has emerged as the most influential quality dimension that positively impact flow state and perceived usefulness of Twitter, while information quality, surprisingly, does not show any effect. The findings also indicate that flow state plays a significant role in shaping physicians’ satisfaction with Twitter. The study also enhances our understanding concerning the effects of perceived usefulness on flow state and satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications
Understanding factors that influence Twitter satisfaction can help healthcare managers construct appropriate intervention strategies for maximising professional benefits of social media and minimising user resistance. This is important because top managers usually ratify traditional practices that are only of limited effect. Also, the findings help vendors to accentuate user’s concerns in addition to system functionalities in social media applications.

Originality/value
The paper is an early attempt to propose a model for social media success in a professional context in general and healthcare in particular. It also one of first studies that examine social media satisfaction through integrating contemporary information system success and acceptance models with flow theory.
Protecting privacy on the web
Authors: O’Brien Patrick , W.H. Young Scott , Arlitsch Kenning , Benedict Karl 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which HTTPS encryption and Google Analytics services have been implemented on academic library websites, and discuss the privacy implications of free services that introduce web tracking of users.

Design/methodology/approach
The home pages of 279 academic libraries were analyzed for the presence of HTTPS, Google Analytics services and privacy-protection features.

Findings
Results indicate that HTTPS implementation on library websites is not widespread, and many libraries continue to offer non-secured connections without an automatically enforced redirect to a secure connection. Furthermore, a large majority of library websites included in the study have implemented Google Analytics and/or Google Tag Manager, yet only very few connect securely to Google via HTTPS or have implemented Google Analytics IP anonymization.

Practical implications
Librarians are encouraged to increase awareness of this issue and take concerted and coherent action across five interrelated areas: implementing secure web protocols (HTTPS), user education, privacy policies, informed consent and risk/benefit analyses.

Originality/value
Third-party tracking of users is prevalent across the web, and yet few studies demonstrate its extent and consequences for academic library websites.
Exchange rate pass-through to inflation in Egypt: a structural VAR approach
Authors: Helmy Omneia , Fayed Mona , Hussien Kholoud 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe theoretical and empirical literature stipulated that exchange rate shocks do influence the domestic price of imports. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the underlying relationship between the exchange rate and prices known as the exchange rate pass-through.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a structural vector auto-regression (SVAR) model, drawing on Bernanke (1986) and Sims (1986), to empirically examine and analyze the pass-through of exchange rate fluctuations to domestic prices in Egypt.FindingsThe empirical results of the monthly data between 2003 and 2015 revealed that the exchange rate pass-through in Egypt is fairly substantial but incomplete and slow in the three price indices [IMP, producer price index and consumer price index (CPI)]. However, the impact is more prominent for consumer prices than for any other price index. This finding could be attributed to the fact that the CPI in Egypt is composed of a relatively large number of subsidized commodities and goods with administered prices as well as the authorities’ behavior in manipulating prices (i.e. export ban). This is expected to weaken the transmission of exchange rate shocks.Practical implicationsThe result has interesting implications for Egypt’s ability to attain an effective inflation targeting regime.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by assessing the effect of changes in the exchange rate (the Egyptian £vis-à-visthe US$) on prices using an updated time series from 2003 to 2015. It addresses the limitations of the study of Nafieet al.(2004), which found no strong relationship between the exchange rate and inflation rate in the Egyptian context. One of these limitations was using the CPI, as the only price index.