bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Stable Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries Achieved by Suppressing the Active Component Loss in Vanadium‐Based Cathode
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Cao Jin , Yang Chengwu , Lolupiman Kittima , Limphirat Wanwisa , Wu Xiang , Zhang Xinyu , Qin Jiaqian , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc–ion batteries (AZIBs) hold significant promise for large‐scale energy storage due to their inherent safety and environmental benefits. However, their practical application is often limited by rapid capacity loss from the dissolution of active cathode materials. Here, an effective strategy is proposed to suppress the active component loss by doping high‐valence Sn4+ in V3O7·H2O (Sn–V3O7·H2O) cathode material to achieve highly stable AZIBs. An impressive capacity retention of 89.3% over 6000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1 and a high specific capacity of 408 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 are attained. The Sn4+ doping thermodynamically lowers the formation energy of Sn–V3O7·H2O and increases the dissolution energy of VO2+ ions, thereby reinforcing the structural stability and suppressing the vanadium dissolution. Besides, Sn4+ doping enhances electrical conductivity and broadens Zn2+ diffusion channels, significantly accelerating Zn2+ intercalation and deintercalation kinetics. The experimental results are integrated with mechanism analysis and density functional theory calculation to elucidate the dissolution dynamics of V‐based cathodes, and employ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy to reveal the local electronic structures and chemical valences of vanadium during charge/discharge processes, thereby providing comprehensive insights into high‐performance cathode materials for AZIBs.
Solvent‐enabled intensification of liquid–liquid heterogeneous catalysis exemplified by direct hydration of cyclohexene
Authors: Zhang Zhixiang , Zhang Xiang , Wang Ke , Xie Kunchi , Wang Shu , Song Zhen , Cheng Hongye , Chen Lifang , Qi Zhiwen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA strategy of adding solvents to adjust liquid–liquid equilibrium for intensifying liquid–liquid heterogeneous catalytic reactions is presented. A systematic framework involving computational and experimental procedures is proposed for solvent screening and exemplified by the direct hydration of cyclohexene. The solvents that are stable, nonreactive, inert to catalyst, and easily recovered are first filtered out. Besides, two tailored key performance indicators are defined and computed to find the solvents that can promote mutual solubility of reactants and reaction conversion. Potential solvents are sent to test their effects on product yield via experiment. m‐Cresol is found to have the highest cyclohexanol yield of 47.5% and its explicit roles for enhancing the reaction is revealed by rigorous liquid–liquid equilibrium. The mechanism of why the resulted solvents can intensify the reaction is theoretically explored. By a comparative study, an additional heuristic is found to serve for expediting solvent screening.
Eco‐phylogenetic study of Trebouxia in southern Africa reveals interbiome connectivity and potential endemism in a green algal lichen photobiont
Authors: Medeiros Ian D. , Ibáñez Alicia , Arnold A. Elizabeth , Hedderson Terry A. , Miadlikowska Jolanta , Flakus Adam , Carbone Ignazio , LaGreca Scott , Magain Nicolas , Mazur Edyta , Castillo Reinaldo Vargas , Geml József , Kaup Maya , Maggs‐Kölling Gillian , Oita Shuzo , Sathiya Seelan Jaya Seelan , Terlova Elizaveta , Hom Erik F. Y. , Lewis Louise A. , Lutzoni François 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPremiseSouthern Africa is a biodiversity hotspot rich in endemic plants and lichen‐forming fungi. However, species‐level data about lichen photobionts in this region are minimal. We focused on Trebouxia (Chlorophyta), the most common lichen photobiont, to understand how southern African species fit into the global biodiversity of this genus and are distributed across biomes and mycobiont partners.MethodsWe sequenced Trebouxia nuclear ribosomal ITS and rbcL of 139 lichen thalli from diverse biomes in South Africa and Namibia. Global Trebouxia phylogenies incorporating these new data were inferred with a maximum likelihood approach. Trebouxia biodiversity, biogeography, and mycobiont–photobiont associations were assessed in phylogenetic and ecological network frameworks.ResultsAn estimated 43 putative Trebouxia species were found across the region, including seven potentially endemic species. Only five clades represent formally described species: T. arboricola s.l. (A13), T. cf. cretacea (A01), T. incrustata (A06), T. lynniae (A39), and T. maresiae (A46). Potential endemic species were not significantly associated with the Greater Cape Floristic Region or desert. Trebouxia species occurred frequently across multiple biomes. Annual precipitation, but not precipitation seasonality, was significant in explaining variation in Trebouxia communities. Consistent with other studies of lichen photobionts, the Trebouxia–mycobiont network had an anti‐nested structure.ConclusionsDepending on the metric used, ca. 20–30% of global Trebouxia biodiversity occurs in southern Africa, including many species yet to be described. With a classification scheme for Trebouxia now well established, tree‐based approaches are preferable over “barcode gap” methods for delimiting new species.
Solvent Dependent Selectivity in the Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted and 2‐Substituted Benzimidazoles by Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions with Ruthenium‐Polyoxoniobate Catalysts
Authors: Deepak Rajasekharan Jayakumari , N. E. Aswathi Ravindran , Karvembu Ramasamy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRuthenium‐polyoxoniobate complexes were found to be efficient catalysts for the selective synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles and 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazoles by solvent switching. The current strategy enables the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles in water as a green solvent. Switching to aprotic solvents resulted in the formation of 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazoles as the major product. Control experiments showed the involvement of both acceptorless dehydrogenative and oxidative coupling pathways. The method was extended to synthesize various 2‐substituted and 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives, and the desired products were obtained in moderate to good yields.
Single‐microglia transcriptomic transition network‐based prediction and real‐world patient data validation identifies ketorolac as a repurposable drug for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Xu Jielin , Song Wenqiang , Xu Zhenxing , Danziger Michael M. , Karavani Ehud , Zang Chengxi , Chen Xin , Li Yichen , Paz Isabela M Rivera , Gohel Dhruv , Su Chang , Zhou Yadi , Hou Yuan , Shimoni Yishai , Pieper Andrew A. , Hu Jianying , Wang Fei , Rosen‐Zvi Michal , Leverenz James B. , Cummings Jeffrey , Cheng Feixiong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHigh microglial heterogeneities hinder the development of microglia‐targeted treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSWe integrated 0.7 million single‐nuclei RNA‐sequencing transcriptomes from human brains using a variational autoencoder. We predicted AD‐relevant microglial subtype‐specific transition networks for disease‐associated microglia (DAM), tau microglia, and neuroinflammation‐like microglia (NIM). We prioritized drugs by specifically targeting microglia‐specific transition networks and validated drugs using two independent real‐world patient databases.RESULTSWe identified putative AD molecular drivers (e.g., SYK, CTSB, and INPP5D) in transition networks of DAM and NIM. Via specifically targeting NIM, we identified that usage of ketorolac was associated with reduced AD incidence in both MarketScan (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89) and INSIGHT (HR = 0.83) Clinical Research Network databases, mechanistically supported by ketorolac‐treated transcriptomic data from AD patient induced pluripotent stem cell–derived microglia.DISCUSSIONThis study offers insights into the pathobiology of AD‐relevant microglial subtypes and identifies ketorolac as a potential anti‐inflammatory treatment for AD.Highlights
An integrative analysis of ≈ 0.7 million single‐nuclei RNA‐sequencing transcriptomes from human brains identified Alzheimer's disease (AD)–relevant microglia subtypes.
Network‐based analysis identified putative molecular drivers (e.g., SYK, CTSB, INPP5D) of transition networks between disease‐associated microglia (DAM) and neuroinflammation‐like microglia (NIM).
Via network‐based prediction and population‐based validation, we identified that usage of ketorolac (a US Food and Drug Administration–approved anti‐inflammatory medicine) was associated with reduced AD incidence in two independent patient databases.
Mechanistic observation showed that ketorolac treatment downregulated the Type‐I interferon signaling in patient induced pluripotent stem cell–derived microglia, mechanistically supporting its protective effects in real‐world patient databases.
Synthesis of Titanium Silicon Composite Oxide Supported Cobalt Oxide Catalyst and Its Catalytic Performance for p‐Diethylbenzene Oxidation
Authors: Guo Ying , Han Mei , Song Zhimei , Li Jinhong , Wang Jinge , Zhao Nan , Zhao Qi , Chen Lidong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTiO2‐SiO2 composite oxides with different Ti/Si ratios were synthesized by [sol‐gel] method. The highest catalytic activity was obtained over T+S‐0.75 loaded with 5 % Co3O4 by in‐situ method using cobalt stearate as precursor. XPS, XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption‐desorption were used to characterize the state of titanium and cobalt species and the specific pore structure of catalyst. The characterization results combined with catalytic activity of p‐Diethylbenzene (PDEB) oxidation show that the short‐range mesoporous pore structure of T+S‐0.75‐C catalyst can facilitate the diffusion of large‐volume reactants, intermediates and products. Meanwhile, the synergetic effect of Ti4+, Co3+ and Co2+ can promote the decomposition of H2O2 and the generation of bromonium ions, which proceeds towards the target product during the reaction. Under the preferred reaction conditions, the oxidative conversion of PDEB in H2O2 system is 31.1 %, and total selectivity of the target product reaches 85 %.
Climate Change and Business Model Innovation: A Synthesis of Review and Qualitative Exploration of the Cultural Shift in Environmental Strategies
Authors: Broccardo Laura , Crocco Edoardo , Alofaysan Hind , Mehrotra Ankit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe study qualitatively explores how environmental concerns change business models by critically synthesizing the literature at the nexus of business model innovation and climate change. Using a combined approach that includes a systematic literature review and semistructured interviews with professionals, we determine the current state of the literature using key bibliometric analysis. We next critically evaluate emerging themes and make recommendations for further study based on the review's theoretical and empirical shortcomings. Our research shows that a wide range of stakeholders, including end users, advocacy groups, and policymakers, are impacted by the effects of climate change on business model innovation. The paper highlights the forces behind business model adaptation in the face of climate change and its effects, emphasizing the adoption of circular economy models, the switch to renewable energy sources, and cultural shifts toward more sustainable production and consumption. This review advances theory by summarizing the extant material and offering a well‐organized research plan for further investigations. Additionally, it offers valuable insights into how the competitive landscape is impacted by climate change, along with suggestions on how companies might thrive in this changing environment.
De‐Mystifying the Clone‐Censor‐Weight Method for Causal Research Using Observational Data: A Primer for Cancer Researchers
Authors: Gaber Charles E. , Ghazarian Armen A. , Strassle Paula D. , Ribeiro Tatiane B. , Salas Maribel , Maringe Camille , Garcia‐Albeniz Xabier , Wyss Richard , Du Wei , Lund Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegulators and oncology healthcare providers are increasingly interested in using observational studies of real‐world data (RWD) to complement clinical evidence from randomized controlled trials for informed decision‐making. To generate valid evidence, RWD studies must be carefully designed to avoid systematic biases. The clone‐censor‐weight (CCW) method has been proposed to address immortal time and other time‐related biases.MethodsThe objective of this manuscript is to de‐mystify the CCW method for cancer researchers by describing and presenting its core components in an accessible and digestible format, using visualizations and examples from cancer‐relevant studies. The CCW method has been applied in diverse settings, including investigations of the effects of surgery within a certain time after cancer diagnosis, the continuation of annual screening mammography, and chemotherapy duration on survival.ResultsThe method handles complex data wherein the treatment group to which an individual belongs is unknown at the start of follow‐up. The three steps of the CCW method involve cloning or duplicating the patient population and assigning one clone to each treatment strategy, artificially censoring the clones when their observed data are inconsistent with the assigned strategy and weighting the cloned and censored population to address selection bias created by the artificial censoring.ConclusionsThe CCW method is a powerful tool for designing RWD studies in cancer that are free from time‐related biases and successfully, to the extent possible, emulate features of a randomized clinical trial.
NGO campaign responses to corporate environmental policies and practices
Authors: Chiu Winson , Kolstad Ivar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses how (i) corporate environmental policies and (ii) actual corporate environmental practices (carbon dioxide emissions) affect the number of negative campaigns corporations face from non‐governmental organizations (NGOs). The corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature suggests that CSR activities can provide reputational insurance against negative NGO attention but also come with reputational risk; we use theory and insights from the NGO literature to posit that these relationships are complex and context‐dependent. Consistent with this, our empirical analysis shows that corporate environmental policies and practices have different impacts on NGO campaigns; while the number of campaigns rises with improvements in policy, it also rises with increases in emissions. In other words, NGOs target companies that are big on words and/or bad in practice, suggesting that investing in CSR policy alone may be counterproductive in deflecting NGO attention. Finally, NGO strategies depend on their power and home country context, making nuanced analysis of their responses to CSR activities crucial.
Memristor‐Based Reconfigurable True Time Delay Circuit
Authors: Yang Fan , Serb Alexander , Wang Shiwei , Papavassiliou Christos , Prodromakis Themistoklis 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA memristor‐controlled CMOS reconfigurable true time delay circuit is introduced in this paper. The delay circuit includes three stages of ‐C all‐pass filter delay elements connected in cascade and memristor‐based tunable DC voltage sources. The memristor value variation changes the DC bias voltage inputs of the delay elements and thus controls the delay time indirectly: The memristor resistance changes in analogue from 10 to 17 k, changing the tunable DC voltage source output from 584‐ to 711‐mV DC voltage and the delay from 269 to 632 ps. The delay circuit can work in a frequency range from 50 MHz to 1.6 GHz with gain ripple smaller than 3 dB. The resolvable delay time step across the delay range is < 8.7 ps, troughing at as low as 0.4 ps. A delay circuit working in the MHz region is also designed to compare the performance with the GHz circuit, and a memristor‐programming circuit is built to change the resistance levels of memristors.
Overreliance on Sublexical Phonological Processing in Visual Word Recognition for Third‐Grade Mandarin‐Speaking Dyslexic Children
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Liu Tao , Chen Wangmei , Liu Tongxin , Li Yaowen , Yue Xiuyue , Zhuang Tongjie , Li Ruojiao , Zhang Shaoxue , Xue Licheng , Zhao Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDevelopmental dyslexic (DD) children encounter challenges in sublexical orthographic, phonological, and semantic processing. However, there exists limited knowledge about the predominance of these three types of sublexical processing in visual word recognition among DD children. To investigate this issue, we screened 50 DD and 47 typically developing (TD) third‐grade native Chinese‐speaking children, and employed a picture‐novel character mapping task. We constructed four types of options: semantic radical‐legal position pseudo characters (e.g., ), phonetic radical‐legal position pseudo characters (e.g., ), semantic radical‐illegal position false characters (e.g., ), and phonetic radical‐illegal position false characters (e.g., ). Results in the multilevel logistic mixed‐effects regression analysis revealed that semantic radical‐legal position pseudo characters were more predictive for the trial‐level participants' response of TD children, whereas phonetic radical‐legal position pseudo characters were more predictive for the trial‐level participants' response of DD children. Consistently, semantic radical‐legal position pseudo characters were poorer predictors, while phonetic radical‐legal position pseudo characters were stronger predictors for the trial‐level participants' response of DD children than for that of TD children. These findings collectively suggest the predominance of sublexical orthographic and phonological processing in DD children's visual word recognition, and DD children may rely more on the sublexical phonological processing relative to TD children.
Advancing aqueous zinc‐ion batteries with carbon dots: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chen Mingying , Ma Junjie , Feng Yanhong , Yuan Quanping , Wu Yinghong , Liu Yifan , Hu Guangzhi , Liu Xijun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent years have witnessed a surge in research on aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their low cost, stability, and exceptional electrochemical performance, among other advantages. However, practical manufacturing and deployment of AZIBs have been hindered by challenges such as low energy density, significant precipitation‐related side reactions, slow ion migration, and dendritic growth. Addressing these issues and enhancing the practical application of AZIBs necessitates the development of novel materials. Carbon dots (CDs), with their distinctive structure and superior electrochemical properties, represent an innovative class of carbon‐based materials with broad potential applications for optimizing AZIBs' performance. This study offers a comprehensive review of how CDs can address the aforementioned challenges of AZIBs. It begins with an overview of AZIBs composition and mechanism before delving into the classification, preparation techniques, and functionalization strategies of CDs. The review also thoroughly summarizes the sophisticated roles of CDs as modifiers in electrolytes and electrodes, both positive and negative, and briefly discusses their potential application in membranes. Additionally, it provides a summary of current issues and difficulties encountered in utilizing CDs in AZIBs. This review aims to provide insights and guidance for designing and manufacturing the next generation of high‐performance AZIBs.
Temperate Intertidal Ecosystems are Functionally Richer but More Vulnerable to Loss Than Tropical Ecosystems
Authors: Murley Matilda , Hovey Renae K. , Prince Jane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGastropods are major contributors to a range of key ecosystem services on intertidal rock platforms, supporting trophic structure in both terrestrial and marine contexts and manipulating habitat complexity. However, the functional structure of these assemblages is rarely examined across broad spatial scales. Here, we describe patterns in gastropod functional diversity, redundancy and vulnerability to functional loss across a latitudinal gradient following the west coast of Australia (18° S–34° S). Specifically, we created a trait matrix based on six categorical traits for 186 gastropod species from 39 sites to examine how trait composition varied with latitude. We found there was no latitudinal gradient in either functional richness or distinctiveness despite clear gradients in species richness and taxonomic distinctiveness, which both increased towards the equator. We delineated two distinct functional bioregions, a temperate south (34° S–27° S) and a tropical north (24° S–18° S), and found that the temperate bioregion had greater functional richness and uniqueness but lower redundancy compared to the tropical bioregion. Our findings show that gastropod assemblages in the temperate bioregion are more vulnerable to functional loss as their functional entities are supported by fewer or even single species. Comparatively, the tropical bioregion reported higher redundancies, which could provide a buffer against future change. Understanding the functional structure of intertidal ecosystems is vital as gastropods face the uncertain impacts of coastal tropicalisation, range shifts and sea level rise.
The global burden of disease attributable to high body mass index in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 with projections to 2050: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Wu Zenghong , Xia Fangnan , Wang Weijun , Zhang Kun , Fan Mengke , Lin Rong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsUnderstanding the global burden of disease attributable to high body mass index (BMI) is essential for informing public health strategies and interventions to mitigate the impact of obesity‐related conditions.Methods and resultsThe global deaths and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by high BMI were examined based on age, sex, year, and geographical location as well as socio‐demographic index. Globally in 2021, the deaths and DALYs attributable to high BMI have risen 2.54‐fold and 2.68‐fold for both sexes when compared to 1990. The number of global deaths linked to high BMI has risen for females from 828 147.16 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 407 103.20–1 302 480.38) in 1990 to 2 013 089.03 (95% UI 979 000.37–3 076 044.71) in 2021, and for males from 631 386.07 (95% UI 315 452.97–988 213.75) in 1990 to 1 695 974.32 (95% UI 861 972.49–2 635 343.31) in 2021. The number of DALYs related to high BMI worldwide has risen for females from 26 097 463.34 (95% UI 11 042 501.33–42 206 794.07) in 1990 to 67 213 785.86 (95% UI 28 417 735.35–105 552 568.89) in 2021, and for males from 21 944 645.99 (95% UI 10 106 039.21–35 110 379.12) in 1990 to 61 306 297.23 (95% UI 27 566 755.49–94 931 874.52) in 2021. However, the age‐standardized rate of high‐BMI‐related deaths for females increased by 4.06% and 15.06% for males between 1990 and 2021, while the age‐standardized rate of high‐BMI‐related DALYs increased by 21.60% for females and 31.22% for males. Across the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions, in 2021, the highest age‐standardized rates of high‐BMI‐related deaths and DALYs were observed in Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa (125.12, 95% UI 71.21–183.13) and Oceania (3712.97, 95% UI 1666.49–5765.84), respectively.ConclusionEfforts to promote healthy weight management, lifestyle modifications, and early intervention for obesity‐related health complications are essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity and improving overall population health.