bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology Focus: EOR Operations (November 2024)
Authors: Barsotti Elizabeth 
Published: November 2024

International agreements and national policies on environmental sustainability are changing the outlook for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) globally. These changes are highlighted by both monetary and intellectual commitments by oil companies around the world.
Saudi Aramco has pledged $1.5 billion toward sustainable technology. In practice, members of Aramco’s EXPEC Advanced Research Center have collaborated with King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals to develop sustainable surfactants for use in high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-salinity carbonate reservoirs. They used no or only green solvents to produce soluble, stable surfactants with the potential for biodegradability.
In Colombia, Ecopetrol is committed to reducing CO2 emission by 25% by 2030. As part of its efforts, it has been optimizing polymer injection in Chichimene, a heavy-oil field. By estimating life cycle greenhouse-gas emissions and energy consumption, it was able to show that polymer injection and its associated carbon intensity reduction could prevent the emission of 3,200 tons CO2 equivalent.
To comply with the UK’s North Sea Transition Deal, which mandates a 50% reduction in offshore oil and gas emissions by 2030, Ithaca Energy and Energy Research Norway is using life-cycle assessment to guide more efficient heavy-oil recovery. By using low-dose polymer injection, instead of alternatives such as thermal EOR, it was able to increase exergy while also reducing CO2 emissions by 35%.
In these studies, we already see the effect of the energy transition as companies turn away from traditionally effective but environmentally burdensome EOR methods such as steam injection and new polymers that show equal, if not greater, effectiveness with a reduced environmental cost. As we move forward with further regulation and innovation, it will be interesting to see how emerging technological developments in polymers, nanofluids, and even artificial intelligence can help producers meet both the economic and environmental criteria to maintain profitable fields.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 218653 Coinjection EOR Technology Increases Recovery and Reduces Greenhouse-Gas Emissions by G. Wasylchuk, GERI
SPE 218690 Steam Generation Using Renewables Energy—An Integrated Approach for Enhanced Oil Recovery Applications by Mustafa Al Ajmi, Petroleum Development Oman, et al.
SPE 218962 Reaching a Million Barrels in an Abu Dhabi Field by Focusing on Operations Efficiency by Masud J. Akhtar, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, et al.
Growth of continental crust and subduction of lithosphere in the Hadean revealed by geochemistry and geodynamics.
Authors: Vezinet Adrien , Chugunov Aleksandr , Sobolev Alexander , Jain Charitra , Sobolev Stephan , Asafov Evgeny , Batanova Valentina , Arndt Nicholas , Danyushevsky Leonid , Valley John , Koshlykova Alina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rates of continental crust growth and recycling on early Earth remain controversial because materials in the ancient crust and mantle have been altered, or even erased, by ongoing geodynamical processes. Melt inclusions in minerals are pockets of magma trapped and shielded from the external environment. Where found within Archean high-Mg olivine – the first mineral to crystallize in mantle-derived melts – these inclusions provide an unaltered glimpse of the geochemical state of the early Earth mantle. We discovered an unprecedented unradiogenic Sr mantle source component (87Sr/86Sr=0.69932±0.00024, 95% c.i. here and below) in mantle-derived melts trapped in olivine from ca. 3.27 Ga komatiitic lava flows (Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa). This component shows a 4.31±0.19 Ga model age combined with significant chemical fractionation (Nb/U=36.9±1.5, Ce/Pb=16.7±1.1) translating to extraction, by the late-Hadean, of 80%±16% of the mass of present-day continental crust assuming whole mantle processing. That agrees with the results of our geodynamic models explaining the Nb/U and Ce/Pb data by the production of 40 to 70% of the present-day continental crust mass during the Hadean in an oscillating mobile-lid tectonic regime with several tens of million years long periods of massive subduction induced by mantle plumes.
NEGR1 can influence symptom severity in fluoxetine treated major depression disorder patients
Authors: Bayoglu Burcu , Akdeniz Gulseren , Kocabasoglu Nese , Poyraz Cana Aksoy , Dirican Ahmet , Cengiz Mujgan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

NEGR1 (neuronal growth regulator 1) is a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily related to IgLON subgroup. NEGR1 promotes cell-cell adhesion and stimulates neurite growth of hypothalamic neurons and inhibits synapse formation. NEGR1 is one of the genomic regions significantly associated with major depression disorder (MDD). The functional role of NEGR1 on MDD is still unknown. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is used in the treatment of MDD. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of fluoxetine on NEGR1 expression in MDD and to examine correlations between NEGR1 levels and symptom severity. In this study, mRNA expression of NEGR1 in fluoxetine-treated and non-treated cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detected by qPCR in 40 patients with MDD and 40 age‑matched healthy controls. The protein levels of NEGR1 in cultured PBMCs were detected by ELISA method. Hamilton Rating-Scale for Depression (HRSD) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to evaluate depressive symptom severity. PBMC of MDD patients exhibited elevated NEGR1 protein levels when compared with healthy controls in both fluoxetine treated and non-treated groups (p = 0.01). Besides, a positive correlation was found between NEGR1 protein levels and Beck scores in fluoxetine treated MDD group (r = 0.33, p = 0.036). However, no significant relationship was observed in NEGR1 mRNA levels between MDD patients and controls in both fluoxetine treated and non-treated group (p > 0.05). Fluoxetine had no effect on the protein levels of NEGR1 directly. On the other hand, NEGR1 protein levels may affect symptom severity in MDD patients treated with fluoxetine.
Validity of linear and nonlinear measures of gait variability to characterize aging gait with a single low back accelerometer
Authors: Piergiovanni Sophia , Terrier Philippe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the validity of the attractor complexity index (ACI), a recently developed gait analysis tool based on nonlinear dynamics. The analysis assesses ACI's sensitivity to attentional demands in gait control and its potential for characterizing age-related changes in gait patterns. Furthermore, the study compares ACI with classical gait metrics to determine its efficacy relative to established methods.
Methods: A 4x200m indoor walking test with a triaxial accelerometer attached to the lower back was used to compare gait patterns of younger (N=42) and older adults (N=60) during normal and metronome walking. The other linear and non-linear gait metrics were movement intensity, gait regularity, local dynamic stability (maximal Lyapunov exponents), and scaling exponent (detrended fluctuation analysis).
Results: In contrast to other gait metrics, ACI demonstrated a specific sensitivity to metronome walking, with both young and old participants exhibiting altered stride interval correlations. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the young and old groups (standardized effect size: -0.77). Additionally, older participants exhibited slower walking speeds, a reduced movement intensity, and a lower gait regularity. Inferential statistics using linear mixed-effects models confirmed the responsiveness of ACI to metronome walking and its efficacy in differentiating between the gait patterns of older and younger adults.
Conclusion: The ACI is likely a sensitive marker for attentional load during walking and can effectively discriminate age-related changes in gait patterns. Its ease of measurement makes it a promising tool gait analysis in unsupervised (free-living) conditions. Future research will focus on the ACI’s clinical utility for fall risk assessment.
LPA released from dying cancer cells after chemotherapy inactivates Hippo signaling and promotes pancreatic cancer cell repopulation
Authors: Yuzhi Liu , Jie Ding , Shumin Li , Jiang Anyi , Chen Zhiqin , Quan Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of comprehensive treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A significant bottleneck in tumor therapeutic efficacy is tumor repopulation, which is also considered one of the key reasons for drug resistance and recurrence. Previous investigations have highlighted the crucial role of the Hippo pathway in the tumorigenesis and progression of PDAC, with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) regulating the Hippo pathway to promote cancer. However, the effect of the Hippo signaling pathway on tumor repopulation in PDAC has not been reported. In this study, we constructed a model where dose-dependent gemcitabine-induced dying cells release LPA, which promotes the proliferation, clonal formation, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistic studies show that gemcitabine and LPA inhibit the phosphorylation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and induce the inactivation of the Hippo pathway. Overexpression of YAP1 significantly upregulates the mRNA and protein expression levels of autocrine motility factor (ATX), inducing pancreatic cancer cells to release LPA, forming a positive feedback loop of LPA-Hippo to promote the re-proliferation of residual tumor cells. At the same time, it was found that inhibiting LPA and YAP1 expression can also increase the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine. Thus, this study suggests that targeting the LPA-YAP1 signaling pathway may represent an effective strategy to improve the comprehensive therapeutic efficacy of PDAC.
Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clusters of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia, 2010-2021
Authors: Liu Sijia , Sarisak Soontornchai , Somchai Bovornkitti , Wang Xuemei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Brucellosis poses a significant public health challenge in China. Inner Mongolia, characterized by its developed livestock industry, is the most severe endemic area for human brucellosis. This study aims to describe the epidemiology, explore the spatial-temporal distribution patterns, and clustering characteristics of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia.
Methods
Data on human brucellosis cases from 2010 to 2021 were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Inner Mongolia. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to identify high-risk areas, while spatial-temporal scan statistics were employed to detect changes in clusters over time.
Results
A total of 153,792 brucellosis cases were reported in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 52.59 per 100,000. The incidence showed a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2016, followed by a significant increase from 2016 to 2021. The disease exhibited distinct seasonality, peaking in spring and summer (March to August). Middle-aged individuals, males, and farmers/herdsmen had higher incidence rates. Spatially, incidence rates decreased from north to south and from the central and eastern regions to the west. Clear spatial clusters were observed during 2010–2013 and 2016–2021 in the global Moran’s I test. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that high-high clusters expanded from the central and eastern regions towards the west over time. Spatio-temporal scan analysis further indicated that high-risk clusters were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern regions, with a continuous expansion towards the west and south, leading to an increasingly broad geographical spread.
Conclusion
Human brucellosis cases in Inner Mongolia exhibit spatio-temporal clustering, with spatial concentration in the central and eastern regions, but also observed expansion towards the western and southern regions. The most of cases occur between March and August each year. For high-risk areas and populations, more timely and effective prevention and control measures should be implemented to mitigate the spread of brucellosis and protect public health.
Research on an Intelligent Fetal Heart Monitoring Image Classification Model Based on Hybrid Attention Mechanism and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Xinhao , Lin Chunxia , You Qingshan , Yang Xueying , Zhu Ling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring, a non-invasive method using cardiotocography (CTG), reflects fetal condition in real-time to identify abnormalities and reduce intrauterine hypoxia risk. Hypoxia, a common prenatal issue linked to restricted fetal growth, neurological disorders, and perinatal mortality, alters fetal heart rate patterns such as baseline variability and accelerations. Intelligent CTG classification using FHR signals is challenging but aids in decision-making. Traditional machine learning requires cumbersome feature extraction, hindering real-time classification. This study proposes a method using hybrid attention and ResNet50 for computer vision image classification, assisting doctors and enabling preliminary patient judgments. Utilizing a real hospital dataset, this approach achieved 87% accuracy in experiments. Its advantage lies in directly processing fetal heart monitoring images, bypassing complex feature extraction, and leveraging deep learning for accurate classification, providing a more reliable fetal health monitoring method.
Comparison of Heart Rate Variability, Hemodynamic, Metabolic and Inflammatory Parameters in Various Phases of Decompansatory Hemorrhagic Shock of Normal and Vagotomized Conscious Male Rats
Authors: Khodadadi Fateme , Punait Sujata , Ketabchi Farzaneh , Khodabandeh Zahra , Bahaoddini Aminollah , Lewis Gregory F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to investigate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity before and after resuscitation at different severities of hemorrhagic shock (HS) in conscious rats, using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis as an indirect method.
Methods
Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into different experimental groups, including those with and without vagotomy, and were exposed to different classes of decompensatory HS. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored, and HRV was calculated. Levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were determined in lung tissue at the end of the experiments. Correlations between HRV, hemodynamic parameters, inflammatory gene expression and blood gas variables were evaluated.
Results
HRV showed increased power of the low-frequency (LF) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) components in all HS groups during the hypotension phase of HS (Nadir 1). After volume resuscitation, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and RSA returned to baseline in the animals with reversible HS. In the irreversible group, SBP and LF remained lower, while RSA was higher than the other groups. During the Nadir phase, the LF component did not increase and after resuscitation it was low in all vagotomized (Vag) animals. Notably, strong correlations were found between low LF and SBP as well as tissue hypoperfusion markers. Moreover, the expression of TNF-α in the lung was increased in all HS groups, while this gene expression was significantly higher in the vagotomized with HS groups than in the HS groups.
Conclusion
The activity of the ANS changes in the different phases of HS, with the parasympathetic nervous system dominating in the hypotensive phase of HS and the vagal tone of the heart decreasing in the recovery phase, which is only the case in reversible classes of HS, but not in irreversible HS. Vagotomy influences ANS and inflammatory responses to HS. This study suggests that HRV analysis could be a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring patients in terms of hemorrhage persistence, shock severity, and progression to the irreversible stage.
Critical Care Nurse’ Perspectives Toward Interprofessional Collaboration: Key Challenges and Best Practices for Moving Forward
Authors: Salem Amina , Abdu Hala Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: The positive outcomes for critically ill patients rely on effective interprofessional collaboration (IPC), which depends on the collective expertise and skill of the critical care team (CCT) working cohesively and collaboratively to provide patients with the best chance of high-quality, safe care for survival. The current study aimed to (1) Determine the challenges to interprofessional collaboration in the critical care units as perceived by nurses, and (2) Explore the best practices suggested by nurses for improving interprofessional collaboration.
Methods: A mixed study design was employed to collect the data from 125 nurses who worked in the three critical care medicine units at the main university hospital.
Results: Quantitative data were analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, and 𝑝 < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. The results demonstrated that a substantial difference between nurses who graduated from nursing faculties and hold baccalaureate degrees and nurses who graduated from nursing institutions and hold diploma degrees in agreement and satisfaction with the relations and collaboration with the physicians. Additionally, a significant correlation was seen between the level of nurses’ education and the limited time caused by heavy workloads and the nurses’ perspectives toward their relations with physicians. A content analysis of the nurses’ texts revealed that five themes have emerged as nurses’ suggestions to keep up the best practices for moving forward in the nurse-physician collaboration: changing the physician’s attitude toward the nurses, improving communication skills, role clarification, interprofessional conflict resolution, and support and motivation.
Conclusions: On one hand, unlike diploma nurses, nurses with baccalaureate degrees reported disagreement with the level of collaboration between nurses and physicians, especially in the statements of the physicians’ dominance of the decision, their position at the top of the hierarchy, consideration of the nurses as followers not as colleagues, and the power of authority that the physicians have over nurses (superior-subordinate relationships). On the other hand, feelings of inferiority and inequality were reported by the nurses as a response to the open-ended question.
Identifying Recurrence Risk Factors in Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms Post-Intervention
Authors: Chen Kun , Hou Yuyang , Yu Jiasheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In the realm of neurovascular disorders, vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADA) stand out due to their significant morbidity and mortality rates, particularly when they lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Despite advancements in interventional therapies, the recurrence of VADA post-treatment remains a critical challenge, with a reported recurrence rate of 13%-25.7%. This study aims to bridge the gap in understanding the risk factors contributing to VADA recurrence after interventional therapy, a domain that has seen limited exploration.
Method
Employing a retrospective analysis, we reviewed the medical records of 64 patients diagnosed with VADA and treated with interventional therapy from 2015 to 2024. Patients were categorized based on the presence of SAH, the relationship of VADA to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and the type of interventional therapy received. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression, were utilized to identify factors associated with VADA recurrence.
Result
Our findings reveal that VADA located on the dominant side and the length of the dissection in the artery significantly increased the risk of recurrence. Moreover, the type of interventional therapy, specifically the use of engraving laser stent-assisted coil (SAC-L), was associated with higher recurrence rates compared to other methods. The complete occlusion rate was notably higher in patients treated with regular braided stent-assisted coil (SAC-B) and parent artery occlusion (PAO).
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of considering the anatomical location of VADA and the choice of interventional therapy in mitigating the risk of recurrence. Our analysis provides critical insights into the factors influencing VADA recurrence, offering a valuable resource for clinicians in tailoring treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
A nomogram for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in patients with fetal growth restriction: A prospective observational study
Authors: Zhao Ying , Xu Lei , An Ping , Zhou Jizi , Zhu Jie , Liu Shuangping , Zhou Qiongjie , Li Xiaotian , Xiong Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a major determinant of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Our study aimed to develop a prediction model for the risk of FGR developing adverse perinatal outcome (APO) combining ultrasonic and maternal serum biochemical indicators.
Methods
A total of 122 patients diagnosed with FGR were recruited for our prospective observational cohort study, who were randomly divided into a training and validation cohort at a ratio of 1:1. The primary composite APO comprised one or more of: birth weight below the 3rd percentile, perinatal death, impaired consciousness, asphyxia, seizures, assisted ventilation, septicemia, meningitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The stepwise regression based on the Akaike information criterion minimum was used to select variables for inclusion in the nomogram model. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots. The net benefits of the nomogram at different threshold probabilities were quantified via decision curve analysis (DCA). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to analyze the primary outcome for risk stratifications.
Results
Three variables of abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler, abnormal middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler, and log10(sFlt-1/PlGF) were selected to establish a nomogram. The C-index value of 0.79 and 0.75 in the training and validation cohort respectively, indicated satisfactory discriminative ability of the nomogram. The calibration plots showed favorable consistency between the nomogram’s predictions and actual observations in both cohorts. DCA manifested that the nomogram was clinically applicable, for it produced a better discriminative ability to identify those who carry a potentially high risk of APO.
Conclusions
A prognostic nomogram was developed and validated to possess the promising capacity of assisting clinicians in evaluating the prognosis of FGR patients.