bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un colloque élaboré à partir du savoir des personnes en grandes difficultés sociales
Authors: de Goer Bruno , Vanoye Jean , Bernati Corinne 
Published: September 2018

Introduction : En 2014, un colloque professionnel autour de l’accès à la santé à partir du savoir issu des personnes en grandes difficultés sociales est expérimenté, avec pour repère éthique la charte du croisement des savoirs et des pratiques d’ATD Quart Monde. Une transférabilité de cette approche est-elle envisageable ? Méthodes : Évaluation prospective d’une démarche participative dans un cadre événementiel. Résultats : Des conditions rigoureuses sont nécessaires pour une participation effective des publics en situation de grande précarité. L’accompagnement, la temporalité et le cadrage de la journée sont des facteurs-clés. Conclusion : Cette expérience, risquée mais balisée, a permis la rédaction d’un guide pratique pour que les plus pauvres puissent participer aux évènements les concernant.
Adaptation et conditions d’utilisation d’un outil d’analyse des interventions au regard des inégalités sociales de santé
Authors: Guichard Anne , Hébert Catherine , Nour Kareen , Lafontaine Ginette , Tardieu Émilie , Ridde Valery 
Published: September 2018

Si la lutte contre les inégalités sociales de santé ne devrait pas uniquement incomber aux acteurs de santé publique, ces derniers doivent au moins s’assurer que leurs interventions en tiennent compte. Or, les acteurs concernés par ces interventions ne disposent que de peu d’outils, pour les soutenir dans cette démarche. Ainsi, sur la base d’une recherche réalisée en France, nous avons adapté, testé et développé au Québec, un outil visant à aider les acteurs à mieux considérer les inégalités sociales de santé. L’article vise à présenter la démarche ayant mené à l’adaptation de l’outil au contexte québécois, à décrire l’outil, puis à discuter des enjeux de son intégration dans les pratiques professionnelles. Le processus d’adaptation de l’outil a suivi une démarche participative et constructive entre chercheurs, gestionnaires et intervenants afin de disposer d’un outil utile et utilisable. Il est composé de cinq rubriques associées aux interventions (planification, mise en œuvre, évaluation, pérennisation et pouvoir d’agir) et de 44 éléments de réflexion présentés sous la forme de questions. L’outil est accompagné d’un guide d’utilisation, d’un glossaire et d’exemples d’application. Il poursuit une démarche réflexive et constructive où les acteurs concernés par une intervention peuvent être accompagnés par un tiers médiateur afin d’analyser leur prise en compte des inégalités sociales de santé. L’appréciation permet ainsi de proposer collectivement des pistes d’améliorations, que l’on peut suivre dans le temps, afin de mieux prendre en considération l’équité dans les interventions de santé publique. L’article conclut sur certains enjeux liés à son intégration dans les pratiques professionnelles.
Effect of Different Fertilizers on Crop Growth, Oil yield and Chemical Composition of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates (DC.) Stapf)
Authors: Premathilake U.G.A.T , Wathugala D.L , Dharmadasa R.M 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: Lemongrass (Cymbopogan citrates (DC) Stapf. ) is ranked among the top ten oil bearing crops in the world and the essential oils of lemongrass are widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food and flavor, agriculture industries and possess an array of medicinal uses. Aromatic grasses respond well to application of manures and fertilizers. However, farmers do not use fertilizer. Therefore, it is very important to find out the possibility to increase oil yield and improve the quality of essential oil by applying inorganic and organic fertilizer. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of fertilizers on crop growth, bio mass production, oil yield and chemical composition of Lemongrass.Research Method: Three different fertilizer mixtures (F1:compost only, F2: inorganic fertilizer (urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash at the rate of 278, 296 and 175kg/ha respectively) and F3: inorganic fertilizer + Compost) were used with (F0) control (without fertilizer). Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used as the experimental design. Number of leaves, tillers and plant height (cm) were recorded. Oil yield and chemical composition of five months old plants were evaluated. Essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation and chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.Findings: Highest herbage yield (15.94 t ha-), dry matter yield (4.82 t ha-) and oil yield (fresh wgt. basis) (59.16 kg ha-) were recorded in the treatment of F3 (Compost 106.5g: Urea 2.96g: TSP 3.15g: MOP 1.86g per plant). Citral, β- Citral, Geraniol, α Pinene, cis – Verbenol were major chemical compounds identified in oil. Research Limitations: The study focused on whether there were benefits of using organic and inorganic fertilizers for lemongrass cultivation. However, the research was done only for a limited number of fertilizer mixtures. Further research with different fertilizer mixtures will offer most suitable mixture of fertilizers. Originality/Value: Present study revealed that, application of inorganic fertilizer along with compost result best growth performances and highest oil yield with high quantities of economically important major chemical constituents in lemongrass.
Diversification of Bw4 Specificity and Recognition of a Nonclassical MHC Class I Molecule Implicated in Maternal–Fetal Tolerance by Killer Cell Ig-like Receptors of the Rhesus Macaque
Authors: Banerjee Priyankana , Ries Moritz , Janaka Sanath Kumar , Grandea Andres G. , Wiseman Roger , O’Connor David H. , Golos Thaddeus G. , Evans David T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The rhesus macaque is an important animal model for AIDS and other infectious diseases; however, studies to address NK cell function in this species have been limited by the lack of defined ligands for killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs). To identify ligands for rhesus macaque KIRs, we adopted a novel approach based on a pair of stable cell lines. NFAT-responsive luciferase reporter cell lines expressing the extracellular domains of macaque KIRs fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of CD28 and CD3ζ were incubated with target cells expressing individual MHC class I molecules, and ligand recognition was detected by the MHC class I–dependent upregulation of luciferase. Using this approach, we found that Mamu-KIR3DL01, -KIR3DL06, -KIR3DL08, and -KIR3DSw08 all recognize Mamu-Bw4 molecules but with differing allotype specificity. In contrast, Mamu-KIR3DL05 recognizes Mamu-A and Mamu-A–related molecules, including Mamu-A1*002 and -A3*13, Mamu-B*036, the product of a recombinant Mamu-B allele with α1 and α2 domain sequences derived from a MHC-A gene, and Mamu-AG*01, a nonclassical molecule expressed on placental trophoblasts that originated from an ancestral duplication of a MHC-A gene. These results reveal an expansion of the lineage II KIRs in macaques that recognize Bw4 ligands and identify a nonclassical molecule implicated in placental development and pregnancy as a ligand for Mamu-KIR3DL05. In addition to offering new insights into KIR–MHC class I coevolution, these findings provide an important foundation for investigating the role of NK cells in the rhesus macaque as an animal model for infectious diseases and reproductive biology.
Association of childhood maltreatment with internalising and externalising disorders in trauma-exposed adolescents
Authors: Van den Heuvel Leigh L. , Koning Milo , Nöthling Jani , Seedat Soraya 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: South African adolescents experience high levels of trauma, including various types of childhood maltreatment. Different types of maltreatment often co-occur. Previous research suggests that childhood maltreatment provokes a latent liability to internalising and externalising dimensions of psychopathology. Our objective was to examine the effects of childhood maltreatment on internalising and externalising disorders in trauma-exposed adolescents and to assess the mediating effect of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on these associations.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 262 trauma exposed adolescents (aged 12–18 years) in South Africa. Childhood maltreatment and PTSD severity were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Child PTSD Checklist, respectively. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed utilising the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia – Present and Lifetime version – and were grouped into internalising and externalising disorders. Hierarchal logistic regression was used to assess the association between childhood maltreatment types and internalising and externalising disorders, controlling for statistically significant socio-demographic characteristics, with PTSD severity added to the final model as a potential mediator.Results: Sexual abuse was significantly associated with internalising disorders (B = 0.07, p = 0.011), although this effect was mediated by PTSD severity (B = 0.05, p = 0.001; not included as an internalising disorder). In contrast, physical abuse (B = 0.09, p = 0.004) and gender (B = 0.70, p = 0.035) were associated with externalising disorders, but the addition of PTSD severity did not significantly alter these associations.Conclusion: The association between sexual abuse and internalising disorders was fully mediated by PTSD symptom severity. Gender and physical abuse severity, but not PTSD severity, was associated with the presence of externalising disorders. Adolescents displaying internalising or externalising psychopathology need to be assessed for exposure to childhood physical and sexual abuse and PTSD comorbidity.
Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting
Authors: Klaus Marcus , Geibrink Erik , Jonsson Anders , Bergström Ann-Kristin , Bastviken David , Laudon Hjalmar , Klaminder Jonatan , Karlsson Jan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Forestry practices often result in an increased export of carbon
and nitrogen to downstream aquatic systems. Although these losses affect the
greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of managed forests, it is unknown if they modify
GHG emissions of recipient aquatic systems. To assess this question,
air–water fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and
nitrous oxide (N2O) were quantified for humic lakes and their inlet
streams in four boreal catchments using a
before-after control-impact experiment. Two catchments were treated with
forest clear-cuts followed by site preparation (18 % and 44 % of the
catchment area). GHG fluxes and hydrological and physicochemical water
characteristics were measured at multiple locations in lakes and streams at
high temporal resolution throughout the summer season over a 4-year
period. Both lakes and streams evaded all GHGs. The treatment did not
significantly change GHG fluxes in streams or lakes within 3 years after
the treatment, despite significant increases of CO2 and CH4
concentrations in hillslope groundwater. Our results highlight that GHGs
leaching from forest clear-cuts may be buffered in the riparian zone–stream
continuum, likely acting as effective biogeochemical processors and wind
shelters to prevent additional GHG evasion via downstream inland waters.
These findings are representative of low productive forests located in
relatively flat landscapes where forestry practices cause only a limited
initial impact on catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry.
Assessing fragility of a reinforced concrete element to snow avalanches using a non-linear dynamic mass-spring model
Authors: Favier Philomène , Bertrand David , Eckert Nicolas , Ousset Isabelle , Naaim Mohamed 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. This paper presents an assessment of the fragility of a reinforced concrete
(RC) element subjected to avalanche loads, and more generally to dynamic
pressure fields applied orthogonally to a wall, within a reliability
framework. In order to obtain accurate numerical results with supportable
computation times, a light and efficient Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF)
model describing the mechanical response of the RC element is proposed. The
model represents its dynamic mechanical response up to failure. Material
non-linearity is taken into account by a moment–curvature approach, which
describes the overall bending response. The SDOF model is validated under
quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions by comparing its results
to alternative approaches based on finite element analysis and the yield line
theory. Following this, the deterministic SDOF model is embedded within a reliability
framework to evaluate the failure probability as a function of the maximal
avalanche pressure reached during the loading. Several reliability methods
are implemented and compared, suggesting that non-parametric methods provide
significant results at a moderate level of computational burden. The
sensitivity to material properties, such as tensile and compressive
strengths, steel reinforcement ratio, and wall geometry is investigated. The
effect of the avalanche loading rate is also underlined and discussed.
Finally, the obtained fragility curves are compared with respect to the few
proposals available in the snow avalanche engineering field. This approach is
systematic and will prove useful in refining formal and practical risk
assessments. It could be applied to other similar natural hazards, which
induce dynamic pressure fields onto the element at risk (e.g., mudflows,
floods) and where potential inertial effects are expected and for which
fragility curves are also lacking.
Severe Orthostatic Hypotension Complicating Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Sury Krishna , Mutter Marina , Moeckel Gilbert W , Perazella Mark A 
Published: September 2018

Introduction Amyloidosis is a well-recognized complication of multiple myeloma, although isolated vascular amyloidosis of the kidney is relatively rare. Vascular amyloidosis is associated with fewer urinary findings than the more common glomerular amyloidosis, and may present both diagnostic and treatment challenges, particularly when performing renal replacement therapy. Case description We present a 53-year-old man who presented with light-headedness complicated by multiple falls, severe orthostatic hypotension, and acute kidney injury. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with multiple myeloma. His course was complicated by progressively worsening kidney function, which necessitated renal replacement therapy, and persistent symptoms of orthostatic hypotension despite maximal medical therapy. A kidney biopsy revealed light chain cast nephropathy and isolated vascular amyloidosis of the kidney. Hemodialysis and subsequently continuous veno-venous hemodialysis were poorly tolerated due to severe hemodynamic instability. Ultimately, the patient suffered a fatal cardiac arrest. Conclusions This case provides a platform to discuss clinical aspects and diagnosis of vascular-limited renal amyloidosis. In addition, we address the difficulty in managing a patient with severe hemodynamic instability due to this disease.
HEAT EXCHANGER NETWORK SYNTHESIS CONSIDERING CHANGING PHASE STREAMS
Authors: Liporace F. S. , Pessoa F. L. P. , Queiroz E. M. 
Published: September 2018

The Pinch Design Method was developed considering one-phase streams, with constant specific heats (Cp) throughout streams temperature ranges. Its first stage, the determination of utilities targets and pinch point (PP), is ruled by the number of streams, their temperatures and MCp. But, for changing phase streams, the usual description of the Cp behavior by a constant value can lead to errors in this stage and, hence, in the synthesis one. This work proposes a procedure to deal with these streams and discusses its results through an example involving multicomponent streams. First, bubble (BP) and dew (DP) points of the streams are estimated. Then, changing phase streams are split into sub-streams, using BP and DP as bounds. For each one, an effective Cp is estimated as the division of the enthalpy change by the respective temperature difference. Results obtained show significant changes on the PP, utilities targets and network proposed structure.
NATURAL CONVECTION IN HIGH ASPECT RATIO THREE-DIMENSIONAL ENCLOSURES WITH UNIFORM HEAT FLUX ON THE HEATED WALL
Authors: Dias Jr. T. , Milanez L. F. 
Published: September 2018

In this work, the laminar natural convection in high aspect ratio three-dimensional enclosures has been numerically studied. The enclosures studied here were heated with uniform heat flux on a vertical wall and cooled at constant temperature on the opposite wall. The remaining walls were considered adiabatic. Fluid properties were assumed constant except for the density change with temperature on the buoyancy term. The governing equations were solved using the finite volumes method and the dimensionless form of these equations has the Prandtl number and the modified Rayleigh number as parameters. The influences of the Rayleigh number and of the cavity aspect ratio on the Nusselt number, for a Prandtl number of 0.7, were analyzed. Results were obtained for values of the modified Rayleigh number up to 106 and for aspect ratios ranging from 1 to 20. The results were compared with two-dimensional results available in the literature and the variation of the average Nusselt number with the parameters studied were discussed.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF CYCLONE FLOW FLUID DYNAMICS USING A DIFFERENT INLET SECTION ANGLE
Authors: Bernardo S. , Peres A. P. , Mori M. 
Published: September 2018

The conventional design of the cyclone model has been used without significant modifications for about a century. Recently, some studies were carried out to improve equipment performance by evaluating the geometric influence of the tangential inlet section and scroll inlet duct design. In this work, the influence of cyclone inlet section geometry was studied using an angle of 45 degrees in relation to the cyclone body. The study was conducted for the gas and gas-particle phases, based on an experimental study available in the literature, where a conventional inlet section was used. Numerical experiments were carried out with the CFX computational code. The fluid dynamics profiles and tangential velocity component were evaluated for three inlet velocities (2.75, 7.75 and 15.2 m/s) using the Reynolds Stress model. The results showed that this proposal is useful for improving the cyclone performance.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS EVAPORATORS
Authors: Piske A. C. , Moura L. M. , Mendes N. 
Published: September 2018

This work presents a thermal performance evaluation of a fin-and-tube evaporator - that is widely used in packaged air conditioning equipment - using a balanced calorimeter developed to simulate similar running conditions. The calorimeter determines the heat rate absorbed by the evaporator, providing qualitative analysis of performance for a given geometry. The calorimeter inside air is dried out due to the condensation process on the evaporator under test during the transient period. By this way it is possible to preview the humidity of the calorimeter domain and its influence with the instrumentation measurement. The heat transfer rate absorbed by the evaporator is obtained by a lumped approach using the energy conservation that is applied to the calorimeter domain, and is taken on the boundaries of the equipment. Physical parameters such as overall heat transfer coefficient for several types of fins can then be predicted in order to provide information for improving the energy-efficiency-oriented design. The uncertainties are estimated by the propagation of relative effects. Uncertainties are evaluated taking into account the systematic effects. Results are shown in terms of evaporator overall heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer rate as a function of inlet air temperature.
SIMULATION OF PULVERIZED COAL FIRED BOILER: REACTION CHAMBER
Authors: Rodrigues C. P. , Lansarin M. A. , Secchi A. R. , Mendes T. F. 
Published: September 2018

This work is part of a joint project to built a computational tool for power plant simulation, dealing specifically with the reaction chamber (place of the boiler where the fuel is burned). In order to describe the conversion of chemical energy to thermal energy, an onedimensional pseudo-homogeneous mathematical model, with variable physical properties, and based on mass and energy balances, was developed. The equations were implemented in the gPROMS simulator and the model parameters were estimated using the module gEST of this software, with experimental data from a large-scale coal-fired utility boiler and kinetic data from the open literature. The results showed that the model predicts the composition of the outlet combustion gas satisfactorily.
MODELING AND CONTROL OF AN AUTOREFRIGERATED CSTR POLYMERIZATION REACTOR: IMPACT OF THE NON-CONDENSABLE GASES
Authors: Vasco de Toledo E. C. , Maciel Filho R. 
Published: September 2018

The concept of process intensification is applied to a CSTR polymerization reactor, where bulk reactions take place via styrene free-radicals, connected to a semi-flooded horizontal condenser; the aim is to operate the system in a safe and efficient way. The results obtained show that the developed model was able to reproduce the major dynamic characteristics, even with the presence of non-condensable gases. The existence of such gases prevents the reactor from ever reaching a steady-state, as they accumulate in the system, increasing the condenser pressure and the reactor temperature and reducing the contact area and the mass of liquid in the condenser. To overcome this problem, the control strategy of this work proposes a regular purge of the condenser gases in order to avoid a collapse of the system. In this context, different control algorithms were also analyzed and it was concluded that a fast and reliable control of the reactor is only possible when advanced controllers are used.
Determination of Total Flavonoids for Paris Polyphylla Var. Yunnanensis in Different Geographical Origins Using UV and FT-IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Yuangui , Zhao Yanli , Zuo Zhitian , Wang Yuanzhong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background: Paris polyphylla var. Yunnanensis (PPY) is used in the clinical treatment of tumors, hemorrhages, and anthelmintic. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine total flavonoids of PPY in the Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China. Methods: In this study, total flavonoids were determined by UV spectrophotometry at first. Then, Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-IR) based on various pretreatments include standard normal variate (SNV), first derivative (FD), second derivative (SD), Savitzky-Golay (SG), and orthogonal signal correction (OSC) were investigated. In addition, several relevant variables were screened by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS). The contentof total flavonoids and selected variables of FT-IRwere used to establish a partial least squares regression for PPY in different regions. Results: The results indicated that CARS was an effective method for decreasing the variable of thedatabase and improving the prediction of the model.FT-IR with pretreatment SNV + OSC + FD + SG had thebest performance, with R2 &gt; 0.9 and residual predictive deviation = 3.3515, which could be used forthe predictive model of total flavonoids. Conclusions: Those results would provide a fast and robust strategy for the determination of total flavonoids of PPY in different geographical origin. Highlights: Various pretreatments, including SNV, FD, SD, SG, and OSC, were compared; several relevant variables were selected by CARS; and the content of total flavonoids and selected variable were used to establish a partial leastsquares regression for PPY in different regions.