bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure slip casting of coarse‐grained alumina‐carbon materials
Authors: Moritz Kirsten , Gerlach Nora , Hubálková Jana , Aneziris Christos G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study presents investigations on the application of pressure slip casting to produce shaped coarse‐grained alumina‐carbon refractories. Slurries containing alumina particle size fractions ≤3 mm, a modified coal‐tar pitch, graphite, and carbon black were prepared and examined by rheological measurements and pressure filtration tests on a laboratory scale. A suitable combination of organic additives was chosen. The graphite content was found to have a significant effect on the flow behavior and the apparent porosity of the samples produced from the slurries. Scale‐up experiments were performed in a modified commercial pressure casting machine. It was possible to cast dimensionally stable samples with a size of approximately 220 mm × 220 mm × 40 mm. As shown by means of computed tomography, a homogeneous distribution of the coarse grains over the whole sample was achieved. Quenching tests demonstrated the thermal shock resistance of the carbon‐bonded alumina material obtained after the pyrolysis of the modified coal‐tar pitch.
High‐Q and temperature‐stable microwave dielectrics in layer cofired Zn1.01Nb2O6/TiO2/Zn1.01Nb2O6 ceramic architectures
Authors: Zhang Jie , Luo Yu , Yue Zhenxing , Li Longtu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA multilayer cofired architecture was proposed and demonstrated to achieve high‐Q and temperature‐stable microwave dielectrics in a derived system, Zn1.01Nb2O6‐TiO2. This approach could effectively allow the chemical reactions between Zn1.01Nb2O6 and TiO2 occur at a rather narrow area (~12 μm), the interfaces of heterogeneous layers, where the diffusion of Zn, Nb, and Ti could be observed. Such interfaces could act as the in situ “glues” to connect each layer well. The effects of stacking scheme and TiO2 content on the microwave dielectric properties of layered architectures were investigated systematically. The resonant frequency, Q‐factor, and electric field distribution were reported using the eigenmode solver of high‐frequency structure simulator. Among the available layer architectures, the optimized microwave dielectric characteristic was observed in Zn1.01Nb2O6/TiO2/Zn1.01Nb2O6 stacked with 0.058 mol TiO2 (~1.84 vol%). The τf can be effectively tuned to approximately +0.53 ppm/°C, and importantly, a high Q × f value ~99 500 GHz together with εr ~26.8 was achieved. This design could be beneficial for opening up new ways to develop high‐performance microwave dielectrics based on current material systems and therefore to meet with the high requirements for 5G wireless communication components and multilayer packing technology.
Textured dense zinc oxide layers for active noise canceling windows
Authors: Lüchtenborg Jörg , Kober Delf , Weber Alfred P. , Melcher Jörg , Günster Jens 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDense ZnO films with a strong c‐axis texture have been deposited on transparent conductive oxide glass, glass, and Si wafers, respectively, with a two‐step pressureless wet chemical method using zinc acetate dihydrate as Zn‐precursor. The crystallographic structure of the films has been studied with XRD and scanning electron microscopy. Optical measurements reveal a high transparency of the ZnO films with a thickness of up to 10 μm. This new cost‐effective route for ZnO film deposition does not require expensive sophisticated equipment and is easily upscaled.
A Danish population‐based cohort study of desmopressin use in adults with nocturia or nocturnal enuresis
Authors: Juul Kristian Vinter , Schrøder Marie Krarup , Mahler Birgitte , Rittig Søren , Nørgaard Jens Peter 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveThis study investigated how desmopressin is prescribed to adults in Denmark.MethodsAll adult users of desmopressin over an 8‐year period were identified from the Danish National Prescription Registry. Adult patients with nocturia or nocturnal enuresis (NE) were identified by indication codes for “frequent nocturnal voiding” or “involuntary nocturnal voiding”, respectively. Patient demographics, desmopressin formulation and dose, and concomitant medication were investigated.ResultsIn all, 13 871 adults with nocturia and 2872 adults with chronic (i.e. >10 prescriptions) NE were given 102 547 and 43 712 desmopressin prescriptions, respectively. Across the entire patient cohort, 57% were women and mean patient age was 62 years. Over 40% of prescriptions were to elderly patients (≥65 years), and desmopressin use for adult enuresis increased with age. Orally disintegrating tablets were the most frequently used formulation (57%–65% of prescriptions), and a greater proportion of women than men used low‐dose desmopressin (60 μg). Concomitant use of painkillers (opioids: 18%–26.7% of prescriptions; non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs: 14.2%–16.4% of prescriptions) and antidepressants (14.4%–18.1% of prescriptions) was common in both conditions, and 5.4%–9.2% of concomitant prescriptions were for overactive bladder medications.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into desmopressin use among Danish adults. Nearly half the prescriptions were to patients aged ≥65 years, despite historical manufacturer recommendations that desmopressin be restricted to patients <65 years of age. NE is considered a childhood condition, but desmopressin use for adult NE increased with age. A greater proportion of desmopressin prescriptions to women than men were for the lowest dose, consistent with greater sensitivity to desmopressin in women.
Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia compared to a psychiatric control cohort
Authors: Vogelgsang Jonathan , Wolff‐Menzler Claus , Kis Bernhard , Abdel‐Hamid Mona , Wiltfang Jens , Hessmann Philipp 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundMultimorbidity in dementia is associated with an increased risk of complications and a higher need for care. Having knowledge of cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities is crucial when making decisions about diagnostic procedures and therapies. We compared the prevalence of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and psychiatric diseases other than dementia. Additionally, we compared clinically relevant health‐care indicators (length of hospital stay, rate of re‐hospitalization) between these groups.MethodsWe used information from a database of treatment‐relevant indicators from psychiatric and psychosomatic hospitals throughout Germany. This database contains routinely recorded data collected from 85 German hospitals from 2011 to 2015. In total, 14 411 AD cases, 7156 vascular dementia cases, and 34 534 cases involving non‐demented psychiatric patients (used as controls) were included. To analyze comorbidities and health‐care indicators, χ2 tests and t‐tests were used.ResultsDiabetes mellitus, lipoprotein disorders, coronary artery diseases, cardiac arrhythmia and insufficiency, and atherosclerosis were significantly more prevalent in patients with vascular dementia than in those with AD and psychiatric controls. Hypertension and coronary artery diseases were less frequently associated with AD than with non‐demented psychiatric controls (P < 0.001). Additionally, dementia patients with cardiovascular or metabolic diseases exhibited longer hospital stays (+ 1.4 days, P < 0.001) and were more often re‐hospitalized within 3 weeks (P < 0.001) and 1 year (P < 0.001) compared to dementia patients without these comorbidities.ConclusionsAwareness of somatic comorbidities in patients with dementia is crucial to avoid complications during inpatient treatment. The occurrence of comorbid disorders was associated with longer and more frequent hospital stays, which potentially lead to higher health‐care costs. Further studies should evaluate the causative association between somatic comorbidities and inpatient costs in dementia patients.
The HASTE Protocol: a standardised CT Coronary Angiography service operated from a District General Hospital
Authors: Parsons Iain Thomas , Bannister Clare , Badelek John , Ingram Mark , Wood Emma , Horton Alex , Hickman Michael , Leatham Edward 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionCT coronary angiography (CTCA) has excellent sensitivity but lacks specificity when compared with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) particularly in patients with a high coronary calcium burden. CTCA has been shown in large trials to decrease the requirement for diagnostic ICA and provide diagnostic clarity. We describe the methodology used to provide a standardised CTCA service established in a District General Hospital, which may assist other hospitals aiming to develop a cardiac CT service.MethodsScan request forms, authorisation and patient instruction were recorded. Patient preparation prior to CTCA as well as exclusion and inclusion criteria were documented. Scans were interpreted using a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach in order to organise follow-up, medication and further investigation.ResultsOver 6 months, 157 consecutive scans were performed. CTCA was completed in 88% (n=138/157) and considered of diagnostic quality in 82% (n=129/157). The median radiation dose was 3.42 mSv. Overall, 64% of patients had evidence of coronary calcium. Following MDT review, 72% (n=113/157) of patients were discharged without requiring invasive angiography. 15% (n=24/157) of patients went on to have invasive angiography showing non-obstructive disease and 13% (20/157) of patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (11%) or bypass surgery (1%).DiscussionAppropriate referrals, patient preparation and scan quality remain significant factors in running a CTCA service. Despite this, the vast majority of patients can be discharged on the basis of the CTCA alone. An MDT approach is key to the delivery of a cardiac CT service.
Does a mandatory non-medical switch from originator to biosimilar infliximab lead to increased use of outpatient healthcare resources? A register-based study in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Glintborg Bente , Sørensen Jan , Hetland Merete Lund 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesNational Danish guidelines in May 2015 dictated a mandatory switch from originator infliximab (INX) to biosimilar CT-P13 in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease. We investigated if this non-medical switch changed use of outpatient hospital resources.MethodsObservational cohort study. Switchers were identified in DANBIO. Rheumatic outpatient contacts, visits and services were identified in the National Patient Registry. The 6-month rate for (1) number of visits (or services) and (2) days with ≥1 visit (or service) were compared before/after switching (paired t-tests). Visits per week per patient before/after the switch date were analysed with graphical interrupted time-series analysis.ResultsIn 769 switchers (372 males, median age 54 years (IQR 44–66)), 1484 outpatient contacts, 6718 visits and 9243 days with services (693 on switch date) were identified. Mean visit rate was 3.89 before and 3.95 after switch (p=0.35). Total number of services was 19 752 (2019 on switch date). Mean rates before/after switch for 16 service categories were small and differences close to zero. Visits per week per patient appeared similar before/after switch with peaks every ≈8 weeks (standard INX infusion interval).ConclusionChanges were marginal with no clinically relevant increase in use of outpatient health care resources 6 months after compared with 6 months before mandatory switch from originator to biosimilar infliximab.
A novel and fully automatic spike-sorting implementation with variable number of features
Authors: Chaure Fernando J. , Rey Hernan G. , Quian Quiroga Rodrigo 
Published: July 2018

The most widely used spike-sorting algorithms are semiautomatic in practice, requiring manual tuning of the automatic solution to achieve good performance. In this work, we propose a new fully automatic spike-sorting algorithm that can capture multiple clusters of different sizes and densities. In addition, we introduce an improved feature selection method, by using a variable number of wavelet coefficients, based on the degree of non-Gaussianity of their distributions. We evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm with real and simulated data. With real data from single-channel recordings, in ~95% of the cases the new algorithm replicated, in an unsupervised way, the solutions obtained by expert sorters, who manually optimized the solution of a previous semiautomatic algorithm. This was done while maintaining a low number of false positives. With simulated data from single-channel and tetrode recordings, the new algorithm was able to correctly detect many more neurons compared with previous implementations and also compared with recently introduced algorithms, while significantly reducing the number of false positives. In addition, the proposed algorithm showed good performance when tested with real tetrode recordings. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We propose a new fully automatic spike-sorting algorithm, including several steps that allow the selection of multiple clusters of different sizes and densities. Moreover, it defines the dimensionality of the feature space in an unsupervised way. We evaluated the performance of the algorithm with real and simulated data, from both single-channel and tetrode recordings. The proposed algorithm was able to outperform manual sorting from experts and other recent unsupervised algorithms.
Automated in vivo patch-clamp evaluation of extracellular multielectrode array spike recording capability
Authors: Allen Brian D. , Moore-Kochlacs Caroline , Bernstein Jacob G. , Kinney Justin P. , Scholvin Jorg , Seoane Luís F. , Chronopoulos Chris , Lamantia Charlie , Kodandaramaiah Suhasa B. , Tegmark Max , Boyden Edward S. 
Published: July 2018

Much innovation is currently aimed at improving the number, density, and geometry of electrodes on extracellular multielectrode arrays for in vivo recording of neural activity in the mammalian brain. To choose a multielectrode array configuration for a given neuroscience purpose, or to reveal design principles of future multielectrode arrays, it would be useful to have a systematic way of evaluating the spike recording capability of such arrays. We describe an automated system that performs robotic patch-clamp recording of a neuron being simultaneously recorded via an extracellular multielectrode array. By recording a patch-clamp data set from a neuron while acquiring extracellular recordings from the same neuron, we can evaluate how well the extracellular multielectrode array captures the spiking information from that neuron. To demonstrate the utility of our system, we show that it can provide data from the mammalian cortex to evaluate how the spike sorting performance of a close-packed extracellular multielectrode array is affected by bursting, which alters the shape and amplitude of spikes in a train. We also introduce an algorithmic framework to help evaluate how the number of electrodes in a multielectrode array affects spike sorting, examining how adding more electrodes yields data that can be spike sorted more easily. Our automated methodology may thus help with the evaluation of new electrode designs and configurations, providing empirical guidance on the kinds of electrodes that will be optimal for different brain regions, cell types, and species, for improving the accuracy of spike sorting. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We present an automated strategy for evaluating the spike recording performance of an extracellular multielectrode array, by enabling simultaneous recording of a neuron with both such an array and with patch clamp. We use our robot and accompanying algorithms to evaluate the performance of multielectrode arrays on supporting spike sorting.
Serum Calcification Propensity and Fetuin-A: Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Bostom Andrew , Pasch Andreas , Madsen Tracy , Roberts Mary B. , Franceschini Nora , Steubl Dominik , Garimella Pranav S. , Ix Joachim H. , Tuttle Katherine R. , Ivanova Anastasia , Shireman Theresa , Gohh Reginald , Merhi Basma , Jarolim Petr , Kusek John W. , Pfeffer Marc A. , Liu Simin , Eaton Charles B. 
Published: July 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> “T50,” shortened transformation time from primary to secondary calciprotein particles may reflect deranged mineral metabolism predisposing to vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The glycoprotein fetuin-A is a major T50 determinant. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Folic Acid For Vascular Outcome Prevention In Transplantation (FAVORIT) cohort is a completed, large, multiethnic controlled clinical trial cohort of chronic, stable kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We conducted a longitudinal case-cohort analysis using a randomly selected subcohort of patients, and all individual cases who developed CVD. Serum T50 and fetuin-A were determined in this total of <i>n</i> = 685 FAVORIT trial participants at randomization. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a median surveillance of 2.18-years, 311 incident or recurrent CVD events occurred. Shorter T50 (minutes) or reduced fetuin-A concentrations (g/L) were associated with CVD after adjustment for treatment assignment, systolic blood pressure, age, sex, race, preexisting CVD and diabetes, smoking, body mass index, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, kidney allograft vintage and type, calcineurin inhibitor, or lipid-lowering drug use, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urinary albumin/creatinine: tertile 1 (lowest) to tertile 3 (highest) comparisons, T50, (hazard ratio [HR] 1.86; 95% CI 1.20–2.89); fetuin-A, (HR 2.25; 95% CI 1.38–3.69). Elevated high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP) was an effect modifier of both these associations. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Shortened T50, as well as reduced fetuin-A levels, ostensible promoters of vascular calcification, remained associated with greater risk for CVD outcomes, after adjustment for major CVD risk factors, measures of kidney function and damage, and KTR clinical characteristics and demographics, in a large, multiethnic cohort of long-term KTRs. Increased hsCRP was an effect modifier of these CVD risk associations.
“One of the Most Difficult Points in the Bible”
Authors: van Vlastuin Willem 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article investigates Edwards’s concept of the new heaven and new earth. It appears that, as a young tutor, he believed in a material new earth but later, during his ministry, he became convinced that the new heaven and new earth had to be interpreted spiritually. So, in Edwards’s view, there is no expectation of a re-creation of earth. The future of the risen saints will not be on a new earth, but in heaven. But Edwards speaks about the destruction of the old heaven, and the renewal of heaven. This article not only investigates the development of Edwards’s thought, but also provides an analysis of the theological structures and tensions in Edwards’s concept.
The Margin of Appreciation Debate over Novel Cigarette Packaging Regulations in Philip Morris v. Uruguay
Authors: Yang Pei-Kan 
Published: July 2018

The margin of appreciation doctrine, developed by the European Court of Human Rights, generally refers to how much deference the Court decides to accord individual States in fulfilling their obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights. This concept has been borrowed by the Tribunal of the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (icsid) in Philip Morris v. Uruguay, an investment dispute involving novel cigarette packaging regulations, requiring single presentation for each cigarette brand. While Philip Morris claimed the single presentation requirements (spr) infringed investors’ rights to use its trademark, the Tribunal applied the doctrine confirming Uruguay’s rights to regulate for the benefit of public health. However, one arbitrator submitted a dissenting opinion rejecting its applicability to the investment dispute given the spr was adopted without sufficient evidence and due consideration by the Uruguayan government.This paper tries to examine whether and how the margin of appreciation doctrine can be applied by an investment tribunal to evaluate the legality of a newly introduced tobacco control regulation devoid of supporting scientific evidences. This paper argues that such doctrine should be applied cautiously to avoid having an easy excuse for the tribunal to refrain from substantive reviews over investor’s claims, and this doctrine can be adjusted by investment tribunals to establish a balanced standard of review theory, accommodating both the States’ rights to regulate and the private rights of investors.
‘ISeeYou’: A woman-centred care education and research project in Dutch bachelor midwifery education
Authors: Fontein-Kuipers Yvonne , Romeijn Enja , Zwijnenberg Arwen , Eekhof Willemijn , van Staa AnneLoes 
Published: July 2018

Objective: To examine how student midwives in higher education learn to become competent and confident woman-centred practitioners. Design: Participant observation study using a ‘buddy’ approach. Setting: Bachelor of Midwifery students in one higher education institution in the Netherlands Methods: First-year student midwives followed one woman throughout the continuum of childbirth. The students attended a minimum of five of the woman’s antenatal care encounters and a minimum of one postnatal care encounter. In addition, students explored the woman’s professional care network. Student midwives used participant observation, structured interview techniques and reflective practice to focus on (1) the woman and to gain insight into her wishes and experiences of care throughout the continuum of pregnancy, birth and postpartum period; (2) the impact of the caregiver on the woman; and (3) the woman’s experience of the partnership. Lectures, peer-debriefing, competency assessments, research activities and a logbook supported students’ learning. Results: Learning was achieved through the student’s relational continuity and active engagement with the individual woman. Students gained insight into the experiences of individual pregnant and postpartum women, the individual practice of healthcare practitioners and the interaction between the woman and the healthcare practitioner. Students’ development of critical thinking and reflective practice was enhanced to begin to form a vision of woman-centred care. Conclusion: The project was successful in equipping Bachelor of Midwifery students with competencies to support them in their learning of providing woman-centred care and offered them unique and in-depth experiences supporting and augmenting their personal, professional and academic development.