bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations of the Venus Dramatic Response to an Extremely Strong Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Xu Qi , Xu Xiaojun , Chang Qing , Rong Zhaojin , Wang Jing , Xu Jiaying , Zhang Tielong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
On 2011 November 5, Venus Express observed the impact of an extremely strong interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) on Venus. As a result, the Venusian induced magnetosphere dramatically fluctuated during the ICME passage: the bow shock was compressed and broadened by the sheath and the body of the ICME, respectively; an atypically strong magnetic barrier (over 250 nT) of Venus was detected; and the plasma sheet in the magnetotail flapped so rapidly that it was crossed by Venus Express 5 times within 1.5 minutes. The ionosphere was totally magnetized because of the very high magnetic pressure of the induced magnetosphere. However, the altitude of the ionopause did not decrease with respect to those in neighboring orbits, which is inconsistent with the ionopause descents reported by previous studies. We found that the ionosphere was greatly excited by the ICME as evidenced by the much higher heavy ion density. That is why the balance between the ionospheric thermal pressure and the strong magnetic pressure can be maintained at a relatively high altitude. We propose that a much stronger massloading effect resulting from the excited ionosphere is responsible for the anomalously high magnetic barrier because much more magnetic field lines were anchored. Our results also suggest that such ICMEs that can excite the ionosphere are substantially efficient in enhancing the atmospheric loss of Venus.
Rossby and Magnetic Prandtl Number Scaling of Stellar Dynamos
Authors: Augustson K. C. , Brun A. S. , Toomre J. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Rotational scaling relationships are examined for the degree of equipartition between magnetic and kinetic energies in stellar convection zones. These scaling relationships are approached from two paradigms, with first a glance at scaling relationship built on an energy-balance argument and second a look at a force-based scaling. The latter implies a transition between a nearly constant inertial scaling when in the asymptotic limit of minimal diffusion and magnetostrophy, whereas the former implies a weaker scaling with convective Rossby number. Both scaling relationships are then compared to a suite of 3D convective dynamo simulations with a wide variety of domain geometries, stratifications, and range of convective Rossby numbers.
Extended Main-sequence Turnoffs in the Double Cluster h and χ Persei: The Complex Role of Stellar Rotation
Authors: Li Chengyuan , Sun Weijia , Grijs Richard de , Deng Licai , Wang Kun , Cordoni Giacomo , Milone Antonino P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using Gaia Data Release 2 photometry, we report the detection of extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO) regions in the color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of the ∼14 Myr old double clusters h and χ Persei (NGC 869 and NGC 884). We find that stars with masses below ∼1.3 M
⊙ in both h and χ Persei populate narrow main sequences (MSs), while more massive stars define the eMSTO, closely mimicking observations of young Galactic and Magellanic Cloud clusters (with ages older than ∼30 Myr). Previous studies based on clusters older than ∼30 Myr found that rapidly rotating MS stars are redder than slow rotators of similar luminosity, suggesting that stellar rotation may be the main driver of the eMSTO. By combining photometry and projected rotational velocities from the literature of stars in h and χ Persei, we find no obvious relation between the rotational velocities and colors of non-emission-line eMSTO stars, in contrast with what is observed in older clusters. Similar to what is observed in Magellanic Cloud clusters, most of the extremely rapidly rotating stars, identified by their strong Hα emission lines, are located in the red part of the eMSTOs. This indicates that stellar rotation plays a role in the color and magnitude distribution of MSTO stars. By comparing the observations with simulated CMDs, we find that a simple population composed of coeval stars that span a wide range of rotation rates is unable to reproduce the color spread of the cluster’s MSs. We suggest that variable stars, binary interactions, and stellar rotation affect the eMSTO morphology of these very young clusters.
Connecting the Properties of Coronal Shock Waves with Those of Solar Energetic Particles
Authors: Kouloumvakos Athanasios , Rouillard Alexis P. , Wu Yihong , Vainio Rami , Vourlidas Angelos , Plotnikov Illya , Afanasiev Alexandr , Önel Hakan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We develop and exploit a new catalog of coronal pressure waves modeled in 3D to study the potential role of these waves in accelerating solar energetic particles (SEPs) measured in situ. Our sample comprises modeled shocks and SEP events detected during solar cycle 24 observed over a broad range of longitudes. From the 3D reconstruction of shock waves using coronagraphic observations we derived the 3D velocity along the entire front as a function of time. Combining new reconstruction techniques with global models of the solar corona, we derive the 3D distribution of basic shock parameters such as Mach numbers, compression ratios, and shock geometry. We then model in a time-dependent manner how the shock wave connects magnetically with spacecraft making in situ measurements of SEPs. This allows us to compare modeled shock parameters deduced at the magnetically well-connected regions, with different key parameters of SEPs such as their maximum intensity. This approach accounts for projection effects associated with remote-sensing observations and constitutes the most extensive study to date of shock waves in the corona and their relation to SEPs. We find a high correlation between the maximum flux of SEPs and the strength of coronal shock waves quantified, for instance, by the Mach number. We discuss the implications of that work for understanding particle acceleration in the corona.
Measuring Star Formation Histories, Distances, and Metallicities with Pixel Color–Magnitude Diagrams. I. Model Definition and Mock Tests
Authors: Cook B. A. , Conroy Charlie , Dokkum Pieter van , Speagle Joshua S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of the applications of the pixel color–magnitude diagram (pCMD) technique for measuring star formation histories (SFHs) and other stellar population parameters of galaxies, and we demonstrate that the technique can also constrain distances. SFHs have previously been measured through either the modeling of resolved-star CMDs or of integrated-light spectral energy distributions, yet neither approach can easily be applied to galaxies in the “semi-resolved regime.” The pCMD technique has previously been shown to have the potential to measure stellar populations and SFHs in semi-resolved galaxies. Here we present Pixel Color–Magnitude Diagrams with Python (PCMDPy), a graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated package that makes significant computational improvements to the original code and includes more realistic physical models. These advances include the simultaneous fitting of distance, modeling a Gaussian metallicity distribution function, and an observationally motivated dust model. GPU acceleration allows these more realistic models to be fit roughly 7× faster than the simpler models in the original code. We present results from a suite of mock tests, showing that with proper model assumptions, the code can simultaneously recover SFH,

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, distance, and dust extinction. Our results suggest the code, applied to observations with Hubble Space Telescope-like resolution, should constrain these properties with high precision within 10 Mpc and can be applied to systems out to as far as 100 Mpc. pCMDs open a new window to studying the stellar populations of many galaxies that cannot be readily studied through other means.
First visual occurrence data for deep-sea cnidarians in the South-western Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Dueñas Luisa , Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Grajales Alejandro , Herrera Santiago , Rodriguez Estefanía , Sánchez Juan , Leon Jorge , Puentes Vladimir 
Published: May 2019

Attention to the deep-sea environment has increased dramatically in the last decade due to the rising interest in natural resource exploitation. Although Colombia holds a large submerged territory, knowledge of the seabed and its biodiversity beyond 1,000 m depth is very limited. During 2015–2017, Anadarko Colombia Company (ACC) carried out hydrocarbon exploratory activities in the South-western Colombian Caribbean, at depths between 375 m and 2,565 m.
Capitalising on available data resources from these activities, several cnidarian species were observed in ROV and towed camera surveys. We analysed over nine hours of video and 5,066 still images from these surveys, identifying organisms to the lowest possible taxonomic level. The images and associated data presented here correspond to 108 observations of deep-sea cnidarians, including seven new records for the Colombian Caribbean. Given the paucity of research and funding to explore the deep-sea in Colombia, the present dataset comprises the largest deep-sea Cnidaria imagery inventory to date for the Colombian Caribbean.
Fabrication, diffusion et normalisation de la « parole » managériale
Authors: Desmoulins Lucile , Le Moing-Maas Elise 
Published: May 2019

À partir d’un corpus de textes utilisés par les managers pour s’informer et se former à mieux communiquer oralement avec leurs équipes (catalogues de formation, sites et documents de club managériaux, articles de revues de vulgarisation en management), cet article analyse les prescriptions souvent paradoxales en matière d’expression managériale et le jeu entre être et paraître qui en découle. Il contribue ainsi à une réflexion critique sur les cadres théoriques, normatifs et symboliques qui sous-tendent les relations entre management et communication verbale dans une double optique d’agentivité et de rationalisation symbolique.
Les effets de la charge de travail et du plafonnement de carrière sur les trois dimensions de l’implication organisationnelle des cadres
Authors: Mhiri Sinda 
Published: May 2019

Cet article met en relation trois concepts s’inscrivant parmi les plus grandes préoccupations des dirigeants des ressources humaines à savoir, la charge de travail, le plafonnement de carrière et l’implication organisationnelle. Une étude quantitative auprès de 1 134 cadres affiliés à la Confédération Française de l’Encadrement – Confédération Générale des Cadres (CFE-CGC), nous a permis, en recourant à la modélisation par les équations structurelles, de procéder à une vérification statistique des hypothèses et une validation du modèle de recherche à travers une Analyse Factorielle Exploratoire et une Analyse Factorielle Confirmatoire. Les résultats montrent une corrélation positive entre d’une part la charge de travail et le plafonnement de carrière et d’autre part, la dimension calculée de l’implication organisationnelle. Il existe aussi une corrélation négative entre ces deux variables et l’implication organisationnelle normative. La dimension affective de l’implication n’a de lien significatif (positif) qu’avec le plafonnement de carrière.
Effect of Laser in situ Keratomileusis for Hyperopia on Tear Film and Ocular Surface
Authors: Albietz Julie M , Lenton Lee M , McLennan Suzanne G 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To examine the effects of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia on the tear film and ocular surface.
METHODS: A retrospective 12-month analysis of 88 eyes (88 participants) who had LASLK for hyperopia was performed. Participants were evaluated before and after (2 weeks, 1, 3, ?, and 12 months) surgery for dry eye symptoms (McMonnies Dry Eye Survey primary symptoms), tear film stability (fluorescein break-up time), tear volume (phenol red thread test), ocular surface staining (fluorescein), and conjunctival goblet cell density.
RESULTS: Chronic dry eye was experienced by 32% of participants; symptoms were significantly associated with female gender, preoperative dry eye symptoms, lower tear film stability after surgery, greater ocular surface staining after surgery, lower tear volume before and after surgery, and lower goblet cell densities after surgery. Regression rate 12 months after surgery was 32% and significantly associated with female gender, chronic dry eye symptoms, lower tear film stability after surgery, greater ocular surface staining before and after surgery, and lower tear volume before and after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Dry eye, particularly in females, is problematic after LASLK for hyperopia and is associated with refractive regression. Current methods for managing the tear film and ocular surface may not control LASLK-induced dry eye, particularly in some females during the first 6 months after surgery. [J Refract Surg 2002;18:113-123]
A RANK-TWO NMF CLUSTERING: APPLICATION TO GLIOBLASTOMAS CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Bougacha Aymen , Boughariou Jihene , Njeh Ines , Kammoun Omar , Mahfoudh Kheireddine Ben , Dammak Mariem , Mhiri Chokri , Hamida Ahmed Ben 
Published: May 2019

This paper explores a novel clustering approach for multimodal Glioblastomas (GBM) characterization using the magnetic resonance image (MRI) modality. We define our segmentation problem as a linear mixture model (LMM). In every segmentation process, we generate a non-negative matrix with GLCM features from every MRI slice and a rank-two NMF (Non Negative Matrix Factorization) is applied. Our method process in four levels of segmentation. In the first one, the LMM matrix for the whole brain was generated from FLAIR modality to extract whole tumor region, which considered as the region of Interest (ROI). In the second level, we extract the ROI from T1c modality and the LMM matrix was generated from only this ROI to extract necrosis region. The principle will be the same for the other two levels to extract the enhanced and the non-enhanced region. Quantitative and qualitative assessment over the publicly dataset from MICCAI 2015 challenge (BRATS 2015) demonstrated that the proposed method could generate a competitive efficiency for high grade Glioblastomas characterization among several competing method. In order to highlight the performance of our method, we propose a comparative study with unsupervised segmentation methodologies (K-means, fuzzy C-means (FCM), gaussian mixture model (GMM) and hierarchical non-negative factorization (hNMF)) over the publicly BRATS 2015 dataset by computing validation metrics (the sensitivity, the dice and the specificity). The obtained results could attest the performance of the proposed algorithm compared to the unsupervised segmentation methodologies.
The Neuroimmune Axis in Skin Sensation, Inflammation, and Immunity
Authors: Trier Anna M. , Mack Madison R. , Kim Brian S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Although connections between the immune and nervous systems have long been recognized, the precise mechanisms that underlie this relationship are just starting to be elucidated. Advances in sensory biology have unveiled novel mechanisms by which inflammatory cytokines promote itch and pain sensations to coordinate host-protective behavioral responses. Conversely, new evidence has emphasized the importance of immune cell regulation by sensory neurons. By focusing on itch biology and how it has been informed by the more established field of pain research, we highlight recent interdisciplinary studies that demonstrate how novel neuroimmune interactions underlie a diversity of sensory, inflammatory, and infectious diseases.
Sex Comparisons of In Vivo Anterior Cruciate Ligament Morphometry
Authors: Wang Hsin-Min , Shultz Sandra J. , Ross Scott E. , Henson Robert A. , Perrin David H. , Kraft Robert A. , Schmitz Randy J. 
Published: May 2019

Context
Females have consistently higher anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates than males. The reasons for this disparity are not fully understood. Whereas ACL morphometric characteristics are associated with injury risk and females have a smaller absolute ACL size, comprehensive sex comparisons that adequately account for sex differences in body mass index (BMI) have been limited.

Objective
To investigate sex differences among in vivo ACL morphometric measures before and after controlling for femoral notch width and BMI.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Twenty recreationally active men (age = 23.2 ± 2.9 years, height = 180.4 ± 6.7 cm, mass = 84.0 ± 10.9 kg) and 20 recreationally active women (age = 21.3 ± 2.3 years, height = 166.9 ± 7.7 cm, mass = 61.9 ± 7.2 kg) participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Structural magnetic resonance imaging sequences were performed on the left knee. Anterior cruciate ligament volume, width, and cross-sectional area measures were obtained from T2-weighted images and normalized to femoral notch width and BMI. Femoral notch width was measured from T1-weighted images. We used independent-samples t tests to examine sex differences in absolute and normalized measures.

Results
Men had greater absolute ACL volume (1712.2 ± 356.3 versus 1200.1 ± 337.8 mm3; t38 = −4.67, P &lt; .001) and ACL width (8.5 ± 2.3 versus 7.0 ± 1.2 mm; t38 = −2.53, P = .02) than women. The ACL volume remained greater in men than in women after controlling for femoral notch width (89.31 ± 15.63 versus 72.42 ± 16.82 mm3/mm; t38 = −3.29, P = .002) and BMI (67.13 ± 15.40 versus 54.69 ± 16.39 mm3/kg/m2; t38 = −2.47, P = .02).

Conclusions
Whereas men had greater ACL volume and width than women, only ACL volume remained different when we accounted for femoral notch width and BMI. This suggests that ACL volume may be an appropriate measure of ACL anatomy in investigations of ACL morphometry and ACL injury risk that include sex comparisons.
Inspecting evidence between cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis and periodontitis: A narrative review
Authors: Novaes Cristina De Paula , Moreira Aline , Chaves Maria Das Graças Afonso Miranda , Fabri Gisele Maria Campos 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis narrative review aims to update the reader about the current issues surrounding central aspects implicated in the relationship between oral mucositis (OM) and periodontitis. We searched Medline/PubMed database. English language publications were included in the study. Paired reviewers selected articles for inclusion and extracted data. Forty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies were review (63.8%) and clinical studies (36.2%). There is a lack of studies regarding the association of periodontal disease (PD) and OM. However, there are pathogenic similarities between them. Look for scientific evidence to confirm the relationship between PD and OM is imperative. Thus, if periodontitis can actually interfere with the occurrence and severity of OM, the establishment of strategies to reduce it may contribute to better control of OM, a serious adverse effect of cancer treatment.
Evaluation of the interpretation of bitewing radiographs in treating interproximal caries
Authors: Hajizadeh Hila , Akbari Majid , Zarch Seyed Hosein Hoseini , Nemati-Karimooy Atefeh , Izadjou Azadeh 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Objective: Misinterpretation of bitewing radiographs may lead to the selection of surgical approach rather than medical approach in treating proximal caries lesions. We aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of bitewing radiography interpretation by various groups of dentists for the detection of proximal caries and subsequent treatment decision-making. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was performed using 60 extracted molar and premolar teeth. The target proximal carious surfaces were categorized and coded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) as category 1: ICDAS = 0, category 2: ICDAS = 1 or 2, and category 3: ICDAS = 3, 4, or 5. All the teeth were randomly divided and mounted onto 15 quadrants made of two premolars and two molars, and a digital bitewing image was taken from each quadrant. A checklist was given to four groups of participants (dentistry students, dentists with a DDS degree, restorative dentistry specialists, and oral radiology specialists) to indicate for which lesion depth they would intervene restoratively. The data acquired through the checklists were compared with direct visual examination of target surfaces before mounting. Results: Sensitivity and accuracy of bitewing radiography showed no significant difference among the groups. However, specificity was significantly higher in Group D. Conclusions: According to our results, interpretation of bitewing radiographs was different among the groups. Although not significant, the radiologists had the highest diagnostic accuracy than the other groups of participants, and the students showed the weakest performance in the diagnosis of restorative treatment needed. Furthermore, the highest percentage of decision error occurred when lesions had ICDAS 1 or 2, followed by ICDAS 3, 4, or 5, and finally 0 in all the four groups.
Yamabe Solitons and Ricci Solitons on Almost co-Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Suh Young Jin , De Uday Chand 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe object of this paper is to study Yamabe solitons on almost co-Kähler manifolds as well as on $(k,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$-almost co-Kähler manifolds. We also study Ricci solitons on $(k,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$-almost co-Kähler manifolds.
Agricultura familiar e agronegócio: expressões do espaço rural brasileiro no livro didático de Geografia do ensino fundamental II
Authors: Alves Lidiane Aparecida 
Published: May 2019

O objetivo do artigo é refletir sobre a agricultura familiar e o agronegócio no atual contexto do rural brasileiro e como estes temas são abordados no âmbito do ensino fundamental II. Para atingir o objetivo, realizou-se uma reflexão sobre a temática considerando as discussões teóricas e avanços em termos acadêmico e político institucional. Em seguida, analisou-se a abordagem da temática nos livros didáticos escolhidos. De modo que, constatou-se diferenças epistemológicas e no discurso sobre o agronegócio e a agricultura familiar, sendo que apesar das obras abordarem os problemas inerentes as duas formas de produção presentes no campo brasileiro, no livro B, o tema é tratado de modo mais abrangente e crítico.