bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Patients: Lessons Learned From a Pediatric Psychology and International Medicine Collaboration
Authors: Chopko Stephanie , Klostermann Susan , Veloski Margaret , Sherman Colleen , Harrison Roger , Shroff Pendley Jennifer 
Published: December 2018

The objective of this article is to describe the experience of pediatric psychologists in providing psychological testing and assessment services for patients referred via the International Medicine Program at Nemours Children’s Health System/A. I. DuPont Hospital for Children in Wilmington, Delaware. A brief history of the development of these services, information regarding the types of patients served by this program, and an overview of the process designed in collaboration with the International Medicine Program is provided as a guide for implementation at other institutions. Rates of referrals have increased over the time the department has been accepting referrals for international patients. In 2017, 15% of the total referrals that the International Medicine Program received regarding services at the hospital were for psychological testing. Over 90% of referrals resulted in a scheduled appointment. Overall, the program has resulted in positive feedback from families as well as providers who see patients for testing. Key to the program’s success appears to be the relationships with stakeholders both within and outside of the hospital system. The specific benefits for training of psychology predoctoral interns and postdoctoral fellows are highlighted. Implications for Impact Statement This article describes an interdisciplinary collaboration in a pediatric hospital setting to develop a psychological testing and assessment service for international patients seeking care in the United States. The article highlights the specific resources of the relevant departments and features of the program that have facilitated programmatic growth, for example, a strong partnership with the International Medicine office, a streamlined workflow, and a condensed evaluation process for families. Finally, it reviews the challenges that have been encountered and offers suggestions for other hospitals looking to develop such programs.
Expanding Pediatric Psychology: Perspectives of International Trainees
Authors: Sato Tetsuo “Ted” , Abdullah Habib , Bernabe Emily , Dewey Laura 
Published: December 2018

Culturally appropriate, evidence-based assessments and interventions are necessary to reduce mental health and pediatric psychology disparities worldwide. Currently, there are limited opportunities for psychologists from other countries to learn clinical skills in the United States and adapt evidence-based practices to their home countries. The purpose of this paper is to share the personal perspectives of pediatric psychology international trainees and highlight opportunities for future training. We will also review how training programs may be adapted to ensure the successful dissemination of culturally applicable, evidence-based approaches in the trainees’ home countries. Considerations for training international trainees and future research potential are also discussed. A current Japanese trainee who intends to return to his home country (Japan) and a former Emirati trainee who recently returned to his home country (United Arab Emirates) reviewed the current state of pediatric psychology in their countries and shared their personal training experiences in the field of pediatric psychology in the United States. By highlighting different international trainee perspectives, we have recognized that there is a need for ongoing research that addresses how our current training guidelines support international students in pediatric psychology. International trainees in pediatric psychology are well positioned to have a positive impact in their home countries and support the global outreach of evidenced-based psychological assessment and intervention. It is crucial that the field of pediatric psychology commits to training international trainees appropriately so that they can contribute to reducing mental health disparities worldwide. Implications for Impact Statement Of psychology interns, 4–7% do not have American or Canadian citizenships, and many of them plan to return to their home countries and contribute to pediatric psychology by disseminating evidence-based practices globally. Reflecting on international trainee experiences highlights opportunities to support both their training in pediatric psychology and their transition to their home countries.
Plasmonic mid-infrared third harmonic generation in germanium nanoantennas
Authors: Fischer Marco P. , Riede Aaron , Gallacher Kevin , Frigerio Jacopo , Pellegrini Giovanni , Ortolani Michele , Paul Douglas J. , Isella Giovanni , Leitenstorfer Alfred , Biagioni Paolo , Brida Daniele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate third harmonic generation in plasmonic antennas consisting of highly doped germanium grown on silicon substrates and designed to be resonant in the mid-infrared frequency range that is inaccessible with conventional nonlinear plasmonic materials. Owing to the near-field enhancement, the result is an ultrafast, subdiffraction, coherent light source with a wavelength tunable between 3 and 5 µm, and ideally overlapping with the fingerprint region of molecular vibrations. To observe the nonlinearity in this challenging spectral window, a high-power femtosecond laser system equipped with parametric frequency conversion in combination with an all-reflective confocal microscope setup is employed. We demonstrate spatially resolved maps of the linear scattering cross section and the nonlinear emission of single isolated antenna structures. A clear third-order power dependence as well as mid-infrared emission spectra prove the nonlinear nature of the light emission. Simulations support the observed resonance length of the double-rod antenna and demonstrate that the field enhancement inside the antenna material is responsible for the nonlinear frequency mixing.
Neurostructural correlate of math anxiety in the brain of children
Authors: Kucian Karin , McCaskey Ursina , O’Gorman Tuura Ruth , von Aster Michael 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAdequate mathematical competencies are currently indispensable in professional and social life. However, mathematics is often associated with stress and frustration and the confrontation with tasks that require mathematical knowledge triggers anxiety in many children. We examined if there is a relationship between math anxiety and changes in brain structure in children with and without developmental dyscalculia. Our findings showed that math anxiety is related to altered brain structure. In particular, the right amygdala volume was reduced in individuals with higher math anxiety. In conclusion, math anxiety not only hinders children in arithmetic development, but it is associated with altered brain structure in areas related to fear processing. This emphasizes the far-reaching outcome emotional factors in mathematical cognition can have and encourages educators and researchers alike to consider math anxiety to prevent detrimental long-term consequences on school achievement and quality of life, especially in children with developmental dyscalculia.
Constructing exact representations of quantum many-body systems with deep neural networks
Authors: Carleo Giuseppe , Nomura Yusuke , Imada Masatoshi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObtaining accurate properties of many-body interacting quantum matter is a long-standing challenge in theoretical physics and chemistry, rooting into the complexity of the many-body wave-function. Classical representations of many-body states constitute a key tool for both analytical and numerical approaches to interacting quantum problems. Here, we introduce a technique to construct classical representations of many-body quantum systems based on artificial neural networks. Our constructions are based on the deep Boltzmann machine architecture, in which two layers of hidden neurons mediate quantum correlations. The approach reproduces the exact imaginary-time evolution for many-body lattice Hamiltonians, is completely deterministic, and yields networks with a polynomially-scaling number of neurons. We provide examples where physical properties of spin Hamiltonians can be efficiently obtained. Also, we show how systematic improvements upon existing restricted Boltzmann machines ansatze can be obtained. Our method is an alternative to the standard path integral and opens new routes in representing quantum many-body states.
Drug and disease signature integration identifies synergistic combinations in glioblastoma
Authors: Stathias Vasileios , Jermakowicz Anna M. , Maloof Marie E. , Forlin Michele , Walters Winston , Suter Robert K. , Durante Michael A. , Williams Sion L. , Harbour J. William , Volmar Claude-Henry , Lyons Nicholas J. , Wahlestedt Claes , Graham Regina M. , Ivan Michael E. , Komotar Ricardo J. , Sarkaria Jann N. , Subramanian Aravind , Golub Todd R. , Schürer Stephan C. , Ayad Nagi G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary adult brain tumor. Despite extensive efforts, the median survival for GBM patients is approximately 14 months. GBM therapy could benefit greatly from patient-specific targeted therapies that maximize treatment efficacy. Here we report a platform termed SynergySeq to identify drug combinations for the treatment of GBM by integrating information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures (LINCS). We identify differentially expressed genes in GBM samples and devise a consensus gene expression signature for each compound using LINCS L1000 transcriptional profiling data. The SynergySeq platform computes disease discordance and drug concordance to identify combinations of FDA-approved drugs that induce a synergistic response in GBM. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that combining disease-specific gene expression signatures with LINCS small molecule perturbagen-response signatures can identify preclinical combinations for GBM, which can potentially be tested in humans.
Author Correction: Thermal transport crossover from crystalline to partial-crystalline partial-liquid state
Authors: Zhou Yanguang , Xiong Shiyun , Zhang Xiaoliang , Volz Sebastian , Hu Ming 
Published: December 2018

The original version of this Article incorrectly omitted an affiliation of Sebastian Volz: ‘LIMMS/CNRS-IIS(UMI2820) Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 JAPAN’. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Blocking-cyclization technique for precise synthesis of cyclic polymers with regulated topology
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Hongfei , Zhang Hengchen , Liao Xiaojuan , Han Huijing , Zhang Lidong , Sun Ruyi , Xie Meiran 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRing-closure and ring-expansion techniques are the two routes for extensive synthesis of cyclic polymers. Here, we report an alternative blocking-cyclization technique referred to as the third route to prepare cyclic polymers with regulated ring size and ring number by ring-opening metathesis polymerization of di- and monofunctional monomers in a one-pot process, where the polymer intermediates bearing two single-stranded blocks are efficiently cyclized by the cyclizing unit of propagated ladderphane to generate corresponding mono-, bis-, and tricyclic polymers, and the well-defined ladderphane structure plays a crucial role in forming the cyclic topology. Monocyclic polymer is further modified via Alder-ene reaction and the cyclic molecular topology is clearly demonstrated. The diversity features of cyclic polymers are comprehensively revealed. This strategy has broken through the limitations of previous two cyclizing routes, and indeed opens a facile and popular way to various cyclic polymers by commercial Grubbs catalyst and conventional metathesis polymerization.
Templated synthesis of cubic crystalline single networks having large open-space lattices by polymer cubosomes
Authors: La Yunju , Song Jeongeun , Jeong Moon Gon , Cho Arah , Jin Seon-Mi , Lee Eunji , Kim Kyoung Taek 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of biophotonic crystals of insects, cubic crystalline single networks of chitin having large open-space lattices, requires the selective diffusion of monomers into only one of two non-intersecting water-channel networks embedded within the template, ordered smooth endoplasmic reticulum (OSER). Here we show that the topology of the circumferential bilayer of polymer cubosomes (PCs)—polymeric analogues to lipid cubic membranes and complex biological membranes—differentiate between two non-intersecting pore networks embedded in the cubic mesophase by sealing one network at the interface. Consequently, single networks having large lattice parameters (>240 nm) are synthesized by cross-linking of inorganic precursors within the open network of the PCs. Our results pave the way to create triply periodic structures of open-space lattices as photonic crystals and metamaterials without relying on complex multi-step fabrication. Our results also suggest a possible answer for how biophotonic single cubic networks are created, using OSER as templates.
TAC-seq: targeted DNA and RNA sequencing for precise biomarker molecule counting
Authors: Teder Hindrek , Koel Mariann , Paluoja Priit , Jatsenko Tatjana , Rekker Kadri , Laisk-Podar Triin , Kukuškina Viktorija , Velthut-Meikas Agne , Fjodorova Olga , Peters Maire , Kere Juha , Salumets Andres , Palta Priit , Krjutškov Kaarel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTargeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods have become essential in medical research and diagnostics. In addition to NGS sensitivity and high-throughput capacity, precise biomolecule counting based on unique molecular identifier (UMI) has potential to increase biomolecule detection accuracy. Although UMIs are widely used in basic research its introduction to clinical assays is still in progress. Here, we present a robust and cost-effective TAC-seq (Targeted Allele Counting by sequencing) method that uses UMIs to estimate the original molecule counts of mRNAs, microRNAs, and cell-free DNA. We applied TAC-seq in three different clinical applications and compared the results with standard NGS. RNA samples extracted from human endometrial biopsies were analyzed using previously described 57 mRNA-based receptivity biomarkers and 49 selected microRNAs at different expression levels. Cell-free DNA aneuploidy testing was based on cell line (47,XX, +21) genomic DNA. TAC-seq mRNA profiling showed identical clustering results to transcriptome RNA sequencing, and microRNA detection demonstrated significant reduction in amplification bias, allowing to determine minor expression changes between different samples that remained undetermined by standard NGS. The mimicking experiment for cell-free DNA fetal aneuploidy analysis showed that TAC-seq can be applied to count highly fragmented DNA, detecting significant (p = 7.6 × 10−4) excess of chromosome 21 molecules at 10% fetal fraction level. Based on three proof-of-principle applications we demonstrate that TAC-seq is an accurate and highly potential biomarker profiling method for advanced medical research and diagnostics.
Diverse Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Chlorination-Related Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Nguyen Duy Khanh , Tran Ngoc Thanh Thuy , Nguyen Thanh Tien , Lin Ming-Fa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe dramatic changes in electronic and magnetic properties are investigated using the first-principles calculations for halogen(X: Cl, Br, I, At)-adsorbed graphene nanoribbons. The rich and unique features are clearly revealed in the atoms-dominated electronic band structures, spin arrangement/magnetic moment, spatial charge distribution, and orbital- and spin-projected density of states. Halogen adsorptions can create the non-magnetic, ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic metals, being mainly determined by concentrations and edge structures. The number of holes per unit cell increases with the adatom concentrations. Furthermore, magnetism becomes nonmagnetic when the adatom concentration is beyond 60% adsorption. There are many low-lying spin-dependent van Hove singularities. The diversified properties are attributed to the significant X-C bonds, the strong X-X bonds, and the adatom- and edge-carbon-induced spin states.
Visualizing the heterogeneous breakdown of a fractal microstructure during compaction by neutron dark-field imaging
Authors: Harti R. P. , Valsecchi J. , Trtik P. , Mannes D. , Carminati C. , Strobl M. , Plomp J. , Duif C. P. , Grünzweig C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStructural properties of cohesive powders are dominated by their microstructural composition. Powders with a fractal microstructure show particularly interesting properties during compaction where a microstructural transition and a fractal breakdown happen before compaction and force transport. The study of this phenomenon has been challenging due to its long-range effect and the subsequent necessity to characterize these microstructural changes on a macroscopic scale. For the detailed investigation of the complex nature of powder compaction for various densification states along with the heterogeneous breakdown of the fractal microstructure we applied neutron dark-field imaging in combination with a variety of supporting techniques with various spatial resolutions, field-of-views and information depths. We used scanning electron microscopy to image the surface microstructure in a small field-of-view and X-ray tomography to image density variations in 3D with lower spatial resolution. Non-local spin-echo small-angle neutron scattering results are used to evaluate fitting models later used as input parameters for the neutron dark-field imaging data analysis. Finally, neutron dark-field imaging results in combination with supporting measurements using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray tomography and spin-echo small angle scattering allowed us to comprehensively study the heterogeneous transition from a fractal to a homogeneous microstructure of a cohesive powder in a quantitative manner.
The frequencies of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds as biomarkers of genomic instability in patients with urothelial cell carcinoma
Authors: Podrimaj-Bytyqi Arjeta , Borovečki Ana , Selimi Qerim , Manxhuka-Kerliu Suzana , Gashi Goneta , Elezaj Isa R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBladder urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) is an increasingly prevalent cancer worldwide, and thus, gaining a better understanding of its identifiable risk factors is a global priority. This study addressed this public health need with the understanding that cancer-initiating events, such as chromosome breakage, loss and rearrangement, can be reasonably used as biomarkers to evaluate an individual’s cancer risk. Overall, forty bladder cancer patients and twenty controls were evaluated for genomic instability. To the best of the investigators’ knowledge, this is the first study to perform micronucleus (MN) assays simultaneously in urothelial exfoliated cells (UEC), buccal exfoliated cells (BEC), and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in first-diagnosed, non-smoker bladder UCC patients. Additionally, the frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) in PBL was evaluated. The MN frequencies in UEC, BEC, and PBL, as well as the frequencies of NPBs and NBUDs, were significantly higher in patients than in controls. In conclusion, MN assays, particularly in UEC, may be used to identify individuals who are at high risk of developing UCC, as single or as additional triage test to UroVysion FISH test. Our results further validate the efficacy of biomarkers, such as MN, NPBs, and NBUDs, as predictors of genomic instability.
Evaluation of relationships between onychomycosis and vascular diseases using sequential pattern mining
Authors: Bang Chul Hwan , Yoon Jae Woong , Lee Hyun Ji , Lee Jun Young , Park Young Min , Lee Suk Jun , Lee Ji Hyun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOnychomycosis (OM) is a common nail disease. Although controversial, vascular diseases are considered independent predictors of OM and vice versa. Sequential pattern mining (SPM) has not been previously used for statistical analysis in dermatology, but it is an efficient method for identifying frequent association rules in multiple sequential data sets. The aim of our study was to identify the relationship between OM and vascular diseases in the real world through a population-based study using SPM. We obtained population-based data recorded from 2002 to 2013 by the Health Insurance Research and Assessment Agency. Cases of vascular-related disease and OM were identified using the diagnostic codes of the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, version 2010. SPM measures were based on comorbidity and duration values. We estimated 3-year risk for progression from OM to vascular disease and vice versa using logistic regression. Patients with varicose veins and peripheral vascular disease had higher OM comorbidity (comorbidity: 1.26% and 0.69%, respectively) than did those with other vascular diseases. Patients diagnosed with varicose veins and peripheral vascular disease were diagnosed with OM after 25.50 and 55.10 days, respectively, which was a shorter duration than that observed for other diseases. Patients with OM were at higher risk for peripheral vascular disease (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.199 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.151–1.249]) and varicose veins (aOR 1.150 [95% CI 1.063–1.245]). Patients with peripheral vascular disease (aOR 1.128 [95% CI 1.081–1.177]) were at higher risk for OM, while patients with varicose veins had no significant risk for OM. Careful consideration of varicose veins or peripheral vascular disease is required for proper management of comorbidities in patients with OM.
Identification of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes and their expression in response to high temperature in the alligatorweed flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhao Meiting , Liu Yiran , Zhou Zhongshi , Guo Jianying 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are a large class of enzymes that play essential roles in metabolic processes such as hormone synthesis and the catabolism of toxins and other chemicals in insects. In the present study, we identified 82 P450 genes using comprehensive RNA sequencing in the flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila, and all of the sequences were validated by cloning and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the P450 genes in A. hygrophila fell into the mitochondrial clan, CYP2 clan, CYP3 clan and CYP4 clan and were classified into 20 families and 48 subfamilies. Most A. hygrophila P450 genes had high sequence homology with those from other coleopteran insects. To understand the effects of high temperatures on the metabolic processes of female and male adults, we studied the effects of two temperature regimes (constant temperature of 28 °C for 20 h with a 4-h period of high temperatures of 30 °C and 39 °C) on the expression levels of P450 genes in A. hygrophila using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. The results showed that there were no differences in expression in 30 P450 genes between the control and high-temperature-treated A. hygrophila adults, while 22 P450 genes showed up-regulated expression and 19 P450 genes were down-regulated in A. hygrophila female adults after high-temperature treatment. For A. hygrophila male adults exposed to high temperatures, we found that 8 P450 genes had higher expression levels and 12 P450 genes had lower expression levels under the same conditions. The P450 genes are candidates that showed significantly different expression levels after high-temperature treatments in A. hygrophila adults, and further studies are needed to determine their possible roles in metabolic processes during the response to elevated temperatures.