bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projecting potential future shifts in species composition of European urban plant communities
Authors: Lososová Zdeňka , Tichý Lubomír , Divíšek Jan , Čeplová Natálie , Danihelka Jiří , Dřevojan Pavel , Fajmon Karel , Kalníková Veronika , Kalusová Veronika , Novák Pavel , Řehořek Vladimír , Wirth Tamás , Chytrý Milan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimUrban floras are composed of species of different origin, both native and alien, and with various traits and niches. It is likely that these species will respond to the ongoing climate change in different ways, resulting in future species compositions with no analogues in current European cities. Our goal was to estimate potential shifts in plant species composition in European cities under different scenarios of climate change for the 21st century.LocationEurope.MethodsPotential changes in the distribution of 375 species currently growing in 60 large cities in Southern, Central and Western Europe were modelled using generalized linear models and four climate change projections for two future periods (2041–2060 and 2061–2080). These projections were based on two global climate models (CCSM4 and MIROC‐ESM) and two Representative Concentration Pathways (2.6 and 8.5).ResultsResults were similar across all climate projections, suggesting that the composition of urban plant communities will change considerably due to future climate change. However, even under the most severe climate change scenario, native and alien species will respond to climate change similarly. Many currently established species will decline and others, especially annuals currently restricted to Southern Europe, will spread to northern cities. In contrast, perennial herbs, woody plants and most species with temperate continental and oceanic distribution ranges will make up a smaller proportion of future European urban plant communities in comparison with the present communities.Main conclusionsThe projected 21st century climate change will lead to considerable changes in the species composition of urban floras. These changes will affect the structure and functioning of urban plant communities.
Stiripentol efficacy and safety in Dravet syndrome: a 12‐year observational study
Authors: Myers Kenneth A , Lightfoot Paul , Patil Shekhar G , Cross J Helen , Scheffer Ingrid E 
Published: February 2018

AimTo assess long‐term safety and efficacy of stiripentol as an antiepileptic medication for people with Dravet syndrome.MethodA prospective, observational open‐label study (2003–2015) of the efficacy and long‐term safety of stiripentol in patients with Dravet syndrome and ongoing seizures. Frequency of generalized tonic‐clonic seizures, focal seizures, status epilepticus, and adverse events were recorded.ResultsForty‐one patients started stiripentol, with median age at enrolment 5 years 7 months (range 11mo–22y) and median duration of treatment 37 months (range 2–141mo). Twenty out of 41 patients had greater than or equal to 50% long‐term reduction in frequency of generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. Frequency of focal seizures was decreased by greater than or equal to 50% in 11 out of 23 patients over the long‐term. Frequency of status epilepticus was decreased by 50% or more in 11 out of 26 patients. The most common adverse events were anorexia, weight loss, sedation, and behavioural changes. One patient had worsening of absence and myoclonic seizures. Another developed recurrent pancreatitis on concurrent valproate.InterpretationStiripentol improves long‐term seizure frequency in approximately 50% of patients with Dravet syndrome, when used as part of unrestricted polytherapy. Long‐term use appears safe. In more than 40% of patients, episodes of status epilepticus markedly decrease after stiripentol initiation.
What this paper adds

Frequency of status epilepticus is reduced in 40% of patients with Dravet syndrome after stiripentol initiation.

Stiripentol is effective for generalized tonic‐clonic and focal seizures.

Stiripentol can be safely used with a range of antiepileptic drugs.
Intrahousehold empowerment gaps in agriculture and children's well‐being in Bangladesh
Authors: Malapit Hazel Jean L. , Sraboni Esha , Quisumbing Agnes R. , Ahmed Akhter U. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between empowerment gaps between spouses and children's nutritional status and education using nationally representative data from the 2012 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey. We measure relative empowerment of spouses using the recently developed Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index. We find that while gender gaps in empowerment are only linked weakly to children's nutritional status, fathers’ and mothers’ empowerment have different effects on investment in children. Fathers’ empowerment is positively associated with younger children's nutrition and schooling, while mothers’ empowerment is more important for girls’ education in general and in keeping older boys and girls in school.
White matter spongiosis with vigabatrin therapy for infantile spasms
Authors: Pearl Phillip L. , Poduri Annapurna , Prabhu Sanjay P. , Harini Chellamani , Goldstein Richard , Atkinson Richard M. , Armstrong Dawna , Kinney Hannah 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe histopathology, “white matter spongiosis,” defined by electron microscopy (EM) as “intramyelinic edema,” has been associated with vigabatrin therapy in various animal models, but its role or significance in clinical studies is unknown. We conducted a neuropathological examination on a 27‐month‐old boy with bilateral polymicrogyria and epilepsy after sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The patient was initiated on vigabatrin at 4 months of age, which controlled infantile spasms, and was continued as maintenance therapy. Autopsy showed a combination of developmental and acquired lesions: (1) bilateral gyral malformations of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and insular cortex; (2) agenesis of the olfactory tracts and bulbs; (3) hippocampal abnormalities: dentate gyrus bilamination and granule cell dispersion; and (4) areas of microscopic bilateral, symmetric white matter spongiosis in the brainstem central tegmental tract, amiculum and hilum of the inferior olive, medial longitudinal fasciculus, paragigantocellularis lateralis, optic nerves and chiasm, and hypothalamus. The white matter spongiosis was identical to the histopathologic lesions (which by EM exhibited intramyelinic edema) that were demonstrated in animal models on vigabatrin therapy, indicating that vigabatrin toxicity is not restricted to animal models.
Representation in multilateral democracy: How to represent individuals in the EU while guaranteeing the mutual recognition of peoples
Authors: Scherz Antoinette 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe democratic criteria for representation in the European Union are complex since its representation involves several delegation mechanisms and institutions. This paper develops institutional design principles for the representation of peoples and individuals and suggests reform options of the European Union on the basis of the theory of multilateral democracy. In particular, it addresses how the equality of individuals can be realised in EU representation while guaranteeing the mutual recognition of peoples. Unlike strict intergovernmental institutions, the EU requires an additional and independent legislative chamber in which individuals are directly represented. However, strict equality of individuals cannot be the guiding principle for this chamber. In order to avoid the overruling of peoples through supranational majorities, it is necessary to bind the chamber's composition by a principle of degressive proportionality. The representation of peoples, on the other hand, needs to be connected to their domestic democratic institutions.
Making information skills meaningful: a case study from occupational therapy
Authors: Spring Hannah 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe effective delivery of information literacy training can be a challenging process, and health library and information professionals are constantly innovating in this area. This article presents a case study of the BHSc (Hons) Occupational therapy degree programme at York St John University to demonstrate ways in which deep integration of information skills into the curriculum can be achieved. The article advises that in the delivery of health and social care related information skills, we should look more broadly at where relevant learning can happen. In particular, contexts of the health care environment are suggested as a consideration rather than the narrow scope of the academic, classroom‐based environment. Examples are provided of specific teaching and learning activities used on the programme alongside CPD activity and curriculum design.
Health Libraries Group Conference 2018
Authors: Grant Maria J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIt's conference time again! There is an exciting programme in prospect in this year's biennial Health Libraries Group (#HLG2018) conference covering key elements of library and information workers’ daily practice. Uppermost in everyone's mind is the importance of ongoing personal and professional development with the Health Libraries Group Continuing Professional Development Panel putting this into practice as they host regional peer support sessions for presenters in the period leading up to the conference. As the official journal of the Health Libraries Group, the Health Information and Libraries Journal is similarly keen to support presenters in the practical task of translating their presentations into papers. Do get in touch if you would like advice on what to do next.
A subset of patients with pemphigoid (herpes) gestationis has serological evidence of celiac disease
Authors: Saffari Hedieh , Zone John J. , Allen Marjorie , Leiferman Kristin M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPemphigoid (herpes) gestationis (PG) is an uncommon, self‐limited disease with other autoimmune associations; however, celiac disease (CD) is not recognized as one.MethodsFrom 71 patients’ sera submitted for herpes gestationis factor (HGF) testing over a 5‐year period, 12 were consistent with PG demonstrating HGF and increased IgG BP180 antibody levels; these sera were tested for IgA and IgG endomysial antibodies (EMA), epithelial basement membrane zone and cell surface antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence, and for IgA and IgG tissue transglutaminase (transglutaminase 2 or TG2) antibodies, IgA epidermal transglutaminase (transglutaminase 3 or TG3) antibodies, IgG BP230, and IgG desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).ResultsThree of 12 patients’ sera with PG (25%) had CD antibodies with positive IgA EMA and increased IgA TG2 antibody levels; two of these had positive IgG EMA, and one other had an increased IgA TG3 antibody level.ConclusionsA subset of patients with serological findings of PG also has serological evidence of CD, which may have implications in the etiopathogenesis of PG and which reveals important information about the mother's, and possibly her infant's, health.
A Bride Deficit and Marriage Migration in South Korea
Authors: Cho Seo‐Young 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article empirically investigates whether cultural, genetic, and linguistic similarities between countries explain marriage migration. The empirical evidence supported by marriage migration data from South Korea shows that the bilateral similarities between Korea and spouse‐sending countries are important pull factors of marriage migration. Furthermore, the pull effects vary across different income levels of sending countries and between the genders of marriage migrants. The positive effects of cultural and genetic similarities are mainly driven by female marriage migrants from middle‐ and low‐income countries in Asia. A female deficit in the marital age group in South Korea may contribute to pulling this type of migration into the country.
Role of colonization history and species‐specific traits on contemporary genetic variation of two salamander species in a Holocene island‐mainland system
Authors: Lourenço André , Sequeira Fernando , Buckley David , Velo‐Antón Guillermo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimInvestigate the role of colonization history and life history traits on contemporary patterns of genetic variation in two salamander species in a Holocene island‐mainland system.LocationRías Baixas, north‐western Spain.MethodsWe analysed mitochondrial and species‐specific nuclear markers (eight microsatellite markers) in 16 populations of Salamandra salamandra and Lissotriton boscai. Contemporary gene flow patterns between mainland and island populations were evaluated by migration analyses, whereas approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) was used to assess colonization history of insular populations of both species.ResultsLand bridge populations of both species exhibited reduced genetic diversity and increased genetic structure compared to mainland populations. ABC analysis showed that insular populations of both species were established by vicariance rather than by colonization via dispersal. We did not find evidence for contemporary gene flow, though the L. boscai insular population of Sálvora showed genetic admixture with mainland populations.Main conclusionsThis study supports the role of genetic drift in driving contemporary genetic variation of small and isolated populations. Other interplaying factors (e.g. island size, bathymetry) seemed to influence genetic variation, highlighting the importance of integrative studies to better understand the evolutionary dynamics of land bridge populations of amphibians.
Research Review: Intergenerational transmission of disadvantage: epigenetics and parents' childhoods as the first exposure
Authors: Scorza Pamela , Duarte Cristiane S. , Hipwell Alison E. , Posner Jonathan , Ortin Ana , Canino Glorisa , Monk Catherine ,   Program Collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
Published: February 2018

BackgroundFor decades, economists and sociologists have documented intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic disadvantage, demonstrating that economic, political, and social factors contribute to ‘inherited hardship’. Drawing on biological factors, the developmental origins of adult health and disease model posits that fetal exposure to maternal prenatal distress associated with socioeconomic disadvantage compromises offspring's neurodevelopment, affecting short‐ and long‐term physical and mental health, and thereby psychosocial standing and resources. Increasing evidence suggests that mother‐to‐child influence occurs prenatally, in part via maternal and offspring atypicalHPAaxis regulation, with negative effects on the maturation of prefrontal and subcortical neural circuits in the offspring. However, even this in utero timeframe may be insufficient to understand biological aspects of the transmission of factors contributing to disadvantage across generations.MethodsWe review animal studies and emerging human research indicating that parents' childhood experiences may transfer epigenetic marks that could impact the development of their offspring independently of and in interaction with their offspring's perinatal and early childhood direct exposures to stress stemming from socioeconomic disadvantage and adversity.ResultsAnimal models point to epigenetic mechanisms by which traits that could contribute to disadvantage may be transmitted across generations. However, epigenetic pathways of parental childhood experiences influencing child outcomes in the next generation are only beginning to be studied in humans. With a focus on translational research, we point to design features and methodological considerations for human cohort studies to be able to test the intergenerational transmission hypothesis, and we illustrate this with existing longitudinal studies.ConclusionsEpigenetic intergenerational transmission, if at play in human populations, could have policy implications in terms of reducing the continuation of disadvantage across generations. Further research is needed to address this gap in the understanding of the perpetuation of compromised lives across generations.
The role of general anesthesia on traits of neurodevelopmental disorders in a Swedish cohort of twins
Authors: Castellheim Albert , Lundström Sebastian , Molin Mattias , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Gillberg Carina , Gillberg Christopher 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe role of general anesthetics as a risk factor for possible neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in humans is unresolved. The investigation of the role of anesthetics in the development of postgeneral anesthesia (anesthesia onward) NDDs has proven to be complicated, partly because of the inherent confounding in clinical cohort studies, and partly by the fact that anesthetics are only one part in the complex process of anesthesia‐surgery.MethodsUtilizing the Swedish databases Child and Adolescent Twins Study in Sweden (CATSS) and National Patient Register (NPR), we investigated twins discordant for anesthesia, born between 1997 and 2004 for traits of NDDs. We identified 68 twin pairs discordant for anesthesia and explored traits of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Learning Disability (LD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in them while simultaneously taking congenital abnormalities and systemic disorders (CSDs) into account. We analyzed the possible effect of anesthesia on neurodevelopmental problems, and we analyzed the within‐pair differences using conditional linear regression.ResultsTwins with a recorded episode of anesthesia had higher traits of NDDs than twins without; similarly twins with CSDs had higher mean scores on all traits than twins without CSDs. The within‐pair analyses suggested that exposure to anesthesia was associated with higher scores of ADHD (regression coefficient 1.02 and 95% confidence intervals: 0.27–1.78) in monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for anesthesia. This effect remained when adjusting for congenital abnormalities.DiscussionOur finding that traits of ADHD were slightly associated with anesthesia in a genetically sensitive design is in need of replication and warrants further investigation. Future studies should aim to elucidate mechanisms behind this possible association (e.g. anesthetics doses, age at exposure, exposure duration).
Glimepiride treatment in a patient with type A insulin resistance syndrome due to a novel heterozygous missense mutation in the insulin receptor gene
Authors: Huang Zhimin , Liu Juan , Ng Kaka , Wan Xuesi , Xu Lijuan , He Xiaoying , Liao Zhihong , Li Yanbing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionGlimepiride is a sulfonylurea known to have unique insulin mimetic and sensitizing effects. We aimed to study the efficacy of glimepiride in a patient with type A insulin resistance syndrome.Materials and MethodsA 15‐year‐old girl with type A insulin resistance syndrome was treated with glimpiride for 6 months. Self‐monitoring of blood glucose was recorded, and oral glucose tolerance tests on glucose and insulin were measured during the treatment. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was used to evaluate whole‐body insulin sensitivity before and after the treatment.ResultsA novel heterozygous missense mutation at exon 19 (c.3427A>T) in the tyrosine kinase domain of the INSR gene was identified, causing an amino acid replacement of phenylalanine for isoleucine at codon 1143 (Ile1143Phe). Before the treatment, the patient's glycated hemoglobin was 7.0%, plasma glucose during oral glucose tolerance test was 6.7, 12.8 and 17.3 mmol/L, and simultaneous serum insulin was 80.7, 137.5 and >300 μU/mL. There were no significant differences between self‐monitored blood glucose measured at each time‐point among different glimepiride dosages, or during the 14 weeks when glimepiride was used at its maximal dosage (6 mg/day). Oral glucose tolerance test showed little change in plasma glucose and serum insulin. Glycated hemoglobin decreased by 0.8% after the treatment. However, a euglycemic clamp study showed that the M value decreased from 5.25 to 2.90 mg/kg/min, showing increased insulin resistance.ConclusionsTreatment with glimepiride did not improve insulin sensitivity in a patient with type A insulin resistance syndrome carrying Ile1143Phe heterozygous mutation in the INSR gene. Large‐scale long‐term studies assembled worldwide are required to optimize treatment algorithms for patients with type A insulin resistance syndrome.
Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus surfacing behaviour
Authors: Logan‐Chesney L. M. , Dadswell M. J. , Karsten R. H. , Wirgin I. , Stokesbury M. J. W. 
Published: February 2018

Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus surfacing behaviour was investigated in Minas Basin (45° 20′ N; 64° 00′ W) and the Bay of Fundy with pop‐up satellite archival tags (MiniPAT) measuring physical variables (pressure, temperature, light). Of six tags deployed during June and July, five provided pop‐up locations and two were recovered after c. 4 months. Analysis of recovered archival data revealed that the frequency of surfacing events was highest (78·9%) when A. oxyrinchus were in Minas Basin at depths <10 m. Surfacing frequency decreased substantially when fish migrated into greater depths of the Bay of Fundy (>40 m). The tidal cycle in Minas Basin had a significant relationship to surfacing frequency, with the most surfacing events (49·5%) occurring on the flood tide, from mid‐ to high‐tide. Surfacing events ranged from 0–12 a day and the maximum number occurred between 2300 and 0300 hours. Maximum surfacing ascent speeds ranged from 0·50 to 4·17 m s−1 and maximum descent speeds ranged from 0·17 to 3·17 m s−1. Buoyancy control, by gulping air to inflate the gas bladder, is proposed as the main reason for surfacing behaviour in A. oxyrinchus.
SDG721 and SDG705 are required for rice growth
Authors: Jiang Pengfei , Wang Shiliang , Ikram Aziz Ul , Xu Zuntao , Jiang Haiyang , Cheng Beijiu , Ding Yong 
Published: February 2018

SummaryH3K4me3 plays important roles in development, transcription, and environmental responses. Here, we report that SDG721 (SET‐domain group protein 721) and SDG705 are involved in regulating rice development. SDG721 and SDG705 encode TRITHORAX‐like proteins, which appear to modulate H3K4 methylation levels. Loss of SDG721 and SDG705 function resulted in GA‐deficient phenotypes, including semi‐dwarfism, reduced cell length, and reduced panicle branching. The transcripts levels and H3K4me3 levels of GA biosynthesis genes and GA signaling pathway genes were downregulated in the sdg721 sdg705 plants. Together, these results suggest that SDG721 and SDG705 regulate H3K4 methylation, which is crucial for plant development in rice.