bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A joint sensing and transmission power control policy for RF energy harvesting cognitive radio networks
Authors: Yan Feiyu , Zhao Jihong , Qu Hua , Xu Xiguang 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWe consider a radio frequency energy harvesting cognitive radio network in which a secondary user (SU) can opportunistically access channel to transmit packets or harvest radio frequency energy when the channel is idle or occupied by a primary user. The channel occupancy state and the channel fading state are both modeled as finite state Markov chains. At the beginning of each time slot, the SU should determine whether to harvest energy for future use or sense the primary channel to acquire the current channel occupancy state. It then needs to select an appropriate transmission power to execute the packet transmission or harvest energy if the channel is detected to be idle or busy, respectively. This sequential decision‐making, done to maximize the SU's expected throughput, requires to design a joint spectrum sensing and transmission power control policy based on the amount of stored energy, the retransmission index, and the belief on the channel state. We formulate this as a partially observable Markov decision process and use a computationally tractable point‐based value iteration algorithm. Section 5 illustrate the significant outperformance of the proposed optimal policy compared with the optimal fixed‐power policy and the greedy fixed‐power policy.
detritalPy: A Python‐based toolset for visualizing and analysing detrital geo‐thermochronologic data
Authors: Sharman Glenn R. , Sharman Jonathan P. , Sylvester Zoltan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDetrital geochronology and thermochronology have emerged as primary methods of reconstructing the tectonic and surficial evolution of the Earth over geological time. Technological improvements in the acquisition of detrital geo‐thermochronologic data have resulted in a rapid increase in the quantity of published data over the past two decades, particularly for the mineral zircon. However, existing tools for visualizing and analysing detrital geo‐thermochronologic data generally lack flexibility for working with large datasets, hampering efforts to utilize the large quantity of available data.
The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Nanorana parkeri and Nanorana ventripunctata (Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae), with related phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Jiang Lichun , You Zhangqiang , Yu Peng , Ruan Qiping , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMembers of the Nanorana genus (family Dicroglossidae) are often referred to as excellent model species with which to study amphibian adaptations to extreme environments and also as excellent keystone taxa for providing insights into the evolution of the Dicroglossidae. However, a complete mitochondrial genome is currently only available for Nanorana pleskei. Thus, we analyzed the complete mitochondrial genomes of Nanorana parkeri and Nanorana ventripunctata to investigate their evolutionary relationships within Nanorana and their phylogenetic position in the family Dicroglossidae. Our results showed that the genomes of N. parkeri (17,837 bp) and N. ventripunctata (18,373 bp) encode 13 protein‐coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, 23 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and a noncoding control region. Overall sequences and genome structure of the two species showed high degree of similarity with N. pleskei, although the motif structures and repeat sequences of the putative control region showed clear differences among these three Nanorana species. In addition, a tandem repeat of the tRNA‐Met gene was found located between the tRNA‐Gln and ND2 genes. On both the 5′ and 3′‐sides, the control region possessed distinct repeat regions; however, the CSB‐2 motif was not found in N. pleskei. Based on the nucleotide sequences of 13 PCGs, our phylogenetic analyses, using Bayesian inference and maximum‐likelihood methods, illustrate the taxonomic status of Nanorana with robust support showing that N. ventripunctata and N. pleskei are more closely related than they are to N. parkeri. In conclusion, our analyses provide a more robust and reliable perspective on the evolutionary history of Dicroglossidae than earlier analyses, which used only a single species (N. pleskei).
Surf‐zone hydrodynamics alter phytoplankton subsidies affecting reproductive output and growth of tidal filter feeders
Authors: Salant Carlissa D. , Shanks Alan L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSurf zones, classified from reflective to dissipative, separate the ocean from shore and subsidies from the coastal ocean must pass through surf zones to reach the shore. We have observed that variations in phytoplankton concentrations in the water over the intertidal zone varied with surf‐zone hydrodynamics and we hypothesized that this variation would alter growth rates, population structure, and reproductive output of Mytilus californianus and Balanus glandula. From May 2016 to April 2017, along 7 km of Cape Arago, Oregon, USA surf‐zone phytoplankton concentrations were determined weekly at nine sites with varying surf‐zone hydrodynamics as indicated by surf‐zone widths. Throughout the year, concentrations of phytoplankton in wider, more dissipative surf zones were, on average, 16× higher than in narrow, more reflective surf zones. Similar to previous observations, surf‐zone width explained >90% of the variability in phytoplankton concentrations in the surf‐zone. On average, ~83% of B. glandula had egg lamellae at more dissipative shores compared to only 8% at more reflective. An index of potential reproductive output by barnacle populations as measured by ash free dry mass (AFDM) of egg lamellae was ~243× larger at more dissipative than at reflective shores and surf‐zone phytoplankton concentrations and surf‐zone width explained ~96 and 92% of the variability in this index. On average, density of M. californianus was ~2× higher at more reflective shores, but 60% of these individuals were smaller and non‐reproductive compared to only 24% at the more dissipative sites. The gonad tissue mass/m2 of medium sized mussels was ~5× greater at more dissipative than reflective shores. Surf‐zone phytoplankton concentrations and surf‐zone width explained ~80% and 65% of the variability in individual mussel gonad mass and ~69% and 56% of the variability in mussel population gonad mass, respectively. M. californianus were out‐planted to assess growth rates and, after 5 months, average body mass was ~3× greater at more dissipative than reflective shores. Surf‐zone phytoplankton concentrations and width explained ~85% and 92% of the mass increase, respectively. Phytoplankton subsidies varied with surf‐zone hydrodynamics altering the growth and reproductive output of two ecologically important intertidal filter feeders.
Provenance, depositional setting, and crustal evolution of the Cathaysia Block, South China: Insights from detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of clastic rocks
Authors: Xiong Chen , Chen Hongde , Niu Yaoling , Chen Anqing , Zhang Chenggong , Li Feng , Xu Shenglin , Yang Shuai 
Published: June 2018

We report the results of a combined study of detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and bulk‐rock elemental geochemistry on late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian clastic sedimentary rocks from South Jiangxi within Cathaysia. These clastic rocks are characterized by moderate chemical index of alteration (CIA) values of 73 and high Th/U ratios (>3.8), indicating moderate weathering of the source area. The relatively high index of compositional variability (ICV = 0.62–1.30) values indicates a source compositionally dominated by immature material that lacks alumina‐rich minerals. Bulk‐rock major and trace element systematics on discrimination diagrams are consistent with the source provenance being felsic‐intermediate igneous rocks of ancient continental crust origin. The geochemistry is also consistent with the clastic sedimentary rocks being deposited in a setting at or in the vicinity of passive continental margins. Detrital zircon U–Pb ages of the clastic rocks record five major age populations: 2,614–2,376 Ma (peak atca. 2,482 Ma), 1,953–1,353 Ma, 1,000–900 Ma (peak atca. 958 Ma), 850–730 Ma (peaks atca. 845 and 763 Ma), and 685–571 Ma (peak atca. 635 Ma). The age data provide a record of igneous activity in the source provenance: the 2,482 Ma peak is consistent with the global Neoarchean continental crust growth; the 1,953–1,353 Ma population correlates with the period of assembly and breakup of the Columbia supercontinent; the prominent peak atca. 958 Ma corresponds to a common thermal–tectonic event associated with the assembly of Rodinia, and the 850–730 Ma population is consistent with the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. Theca. 850 Ma age is indicative of initial stage of Rodinia breakup in South China. Our data also reveal a 670–530 Ma population that correlates well with the Pan‐African event associated with the formation of the Gondwana supercontinent, although no direct geological evidence for this event has been found within the SCB. Moreover, complex zircon morphology and comparisons of detrital zircon U–Pb age spectra in a global context suggest the late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian sedimentary rocks in the Cathaysia Block must have sourced from an exotic source with magmatic activities of late Archean, Grenvillian, and Pan‐African ages, which do not outcrop in the Cathaysia Block or adjacent regions and need to be further explored.
The role of perceived friend depression and perceived stigma on self‐reported depression among individuals who use drugs
Authors: Davey‐Rothwell Melissa A. , Crossnohere Norah L. , Kimura Atsumi , Page Kathleen , Tobin Karin , Latkin Carl 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDepression and substance use are highly comorbid, and stigmatized, mental health conditions influenced by social network factors. The objective of this study was to explore the role of perceived depression and perceived mental health stigma among friends on self‐reported depression over time. Between 2009 and 2012, 527 participants who used drugs completed baseline and 6‐month follow‐up surveys in Baltimore, Maryland. Logistic regression was used to assess whether perceived depression and stigma among friends were associated with personal depressive status before and after accounting for depressive status at baseline. A total of 309 participants (58.6%) had depressive symptoms at baseline, while 207 participants (39.3%) had depressive symptoms at follow‐up. Not accounting for baseline depression, perceiving friends as being depressed (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.12, 1.56]) and as having stigmatizing attitudes toward mental health conditions (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI [1.31, 2.79]) were associated with increased odds of personal depression. After accounting for baseline depression, the relationship between personal depression and perceived stigma was marginally significant, while the relationship between personal depression and perceived depression among friends was attenuated. These results suggest that baseline depression is the largest predictor of follow‐up depression. Future research should explore whether specific aspects of perceived stigma independently account for personal depression.
Community coalitions as spaces for collective voice, action, and the sharing of resources
Authors: Lardier David T. , Bergeson Carrie , Bermea Autumn M. , Herr Kathryn G. , Forenza Brad , Garcia‐Reid Pauline , Reid Robert J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study examined how a community coalition, focused on prevention efforts, can aid in bridging resources between community organizations in a resource‐deprived area. We also explored how it may serve as a venue to support significant changes to the community, adults, and youth who live there. Drawing on 18 individual interviews with adult coalition members from various community organizations, in a large, underserved city in the northeastern United States, we examined these data for narrations of the coalition's place within the broader prevention community and how the coalition may be an organizational venue for collective voice. We were specifically interested in hearing if these adult community members saw the coalition as filling a gap within their community. Our data revealed that while organizations within the community have been decimated due to reduced funding, the present coalition aided in meeting a variety of needs. These needs included the facilitation of community voice while helping to bridge resources between organizations, which would otherwise work alone.
VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulate ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduces ZO-1 localization at lung endothelial cell junctions
Authors: Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Kountz Timothy S , Marchese Michelle E , Cook-Mills Joan M 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Endothelial cell VCAM-1 regulates recruitment of lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, or dendritic cells during allergic inflammation. In this report, we demonstrated that, during allergic lung responses, there was reduced zonula occludens (ZO)-1 localization in lung endothelial cell junctions, whereas there was increased lung endothelial cell expression of VCAM-1, N-cadherin, and angiomotin. In vitro, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 reduced ZO-1 in endothelial cell junctions. Using primary human endothelial cells and mouse endothelial cell lines, Ab crosslinking of VCAM-1 increased serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and induced dissociation of ZO-1 from endothelial cell junctions, demonstrating that VCAM-1 regulates ZO-1. Moreover, VCAM-1 induction of ZO-1 phosphorylation and loss of ZO-1 localization at cell junctions was blocked by inhibition of VCAM-1 intracellular signals that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration, including NOX2, PKCα, and PTP1B. Furthermore, exogenous addition of the VCAM-1 signaling intermediate H2O2 (1 μM) stimulated PKCα-dependent and PTP1B-dependent serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and loss of ZO-1 from junctions. Overexpression of ZO-1 blocked leukocyte transendothelial migration. In summary, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulated ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduced ZO-1 localization at endothelial cell junctions during leukocyte transendothelial migration.
VCAM-1 signaling through ROS, PKCalpha, and PTP1B induce serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and loss of ZO-1 from endothelial cell junctions during VCAM-1-dependent leukocyte transendothelial migration.
Inverse surface‐enhanced spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SESORS) through a monkey skull
Authors: Odion Ren A. , Strobbia Pietro , Crawford Bridget M. , Vo‐Dinh Tuan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles in nanomedicine has received increasing interest. However, in vivo detection of nanoparticles using optical techniques is still a formidable challenge. Detecting surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐labeled nanoparticles through thick tissue is crucial due to its large number of potential applications in the field of disease diagnostics and monitoring. As gold nanoparticles are becoming an important nanoprobe and nanosensor platform for SERS in vivo applications, accurate detection and quantitation of these particles has become even more important. Conventional optical methods, however, are typically limited in obtaining SERS signals at the surface level, due to the attenuation caused by the highly scattering and absorbing tissue. Herein, we utilize spatially offset Raman spectroscopy to overcome this depth limitation and obtain specific spectrochemical signatures of SERS‐labeled nanoprobes, such as gold nanostars, beneath thick material and bone. The efficacy of this method, referred to as surface‐enhanced spatially offset Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated through the detection of layer‐specific and subsurface SERS signals beneath three different substrates: (a) 4‐mm tissue phantom, (b) 4‐mm paraffin film, and (c) 5 mm bone of a macaque skull. Additionally, we show the possibility of recovering the pure SERS signal that belongs to a specific layer within a two‐layer system using scaled subtraction.
An investigation of inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores in non‐thermal plasma of ambient air
Authors: Huang Yaohua , Ye Xiaofei P , Doona Christopher J , Feeherry Florence E , Radosevich Mark , Wang Siqun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo utilize the potential of non‐thermal plasma technologies for food safety control and sanitation, the inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores by non‐thermal plasma of ambient air (NTP‐AA) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with chemometric analysis and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, aiming to probe both the morphological and biochemical changes occurring in spores during the kinetic inactivation process.RESULTSKinetic analysis indicates that there is no intrinsic D‐value (i.e. time required to inactivate 90% of the spores) in spore inactivation by NTP‐AA because we observed non‐linear (biphasic) inactivation kinetics and, in addition, the inactivation rate depended on the initial spore concentration and how the spores were exposed to the reactive species in the NTP‐AA. The presence of suitable amount of water in the NTP‐AA field accelerates spore inactivation.CONCLUSIONProgressive erosion of spore surface by NTP‐AA with ensuing or concomitant biochemical damage, which includes the alteration of structural proteins, internal lipids and the loss of dipicolinic acid content from the spore core, represent the main mechanisms of inactivation, and there is evidence that reactive NTP‐AA species could penetrate the cortex and reach the core of spores to cause damage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of plant density and harvesting type on yield and quality of fresh and dried peppers and paprika
Authors: Velázquez Rocío , Casquete Rocío , Hernández Alejandro , Martín Alberto , Córdoba María G , Coleto José Miguel , Bartolomé Teresa 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTraditionally, peppers (Capsicum annuumL.) of Jaranda variety used for the production of smoked paprika are harvested manually in the north of Extremadura (Spain). Mechanical harvesting is necessary to improve the profitability of this crop. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant density (D1 = 36 765 and D2 = 73 530 plants ha−1) and harvesting type (manual or mechanical) on the yield and quality of fresh, dried and powdered peppers.RESULTSThe increase in plant density increased marketable yield per hectare, although the yield per plant decreased. With mechanical harvesting, the optimal density was D2 (15 151 kg ha−1) over D1 (12 493 kg ha−1). After processing the fruits, the application of D2 and mechanical harvesting significantly improved quality parameters, such asa*, ASTA (American Spice Trade Association) units and carotenoide concentration, primarily capsanthin.CONCLUSIONThe cultural practices tested provided an adequate productivity of fresh pepper and a better quality of the final product. According to the results of the present study, the increase in plant density and the substitution of manual harvesting by mechanical harvesting could be profitable practices with respect to the Jaranda variety of pepper used for the manufacture of smoked paprika. These practices maintain the main quality parameters of dried peppers and paprika. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficient and Tunable Photoinduced Honeycomb Lattice in an Atomic Ensemble
Authors: Wen Feng , Zhang Xun , Ye Huapeng , Wang Wei , Wang Hongxing , Zhang Yanpeng , Dai Zhiping , Qiu Cheng‐Wei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractArtificial periodic structures (APS) with controllable optical properties are highly demanded in all‐optical devices and circuits in communication networks. However, APS realized in solid materials are usually non‐tunable and inherently possess immutable photonic bandgap. In this article, a novel honeycomb lattice in an atomic ensemble by utilizing the multi‐beam interference method is reported. Unlike the honeycomb lattice formed in solid materials, the optical properties of this photoinduced honeycomb lattice, such as the absorption/dispersion coefficients and the photonic bandgap can be efficiently tuned by two‐photon detuning and Rabi frequency, resulting in both amplitude‐ and phase‐ type honeycomb lattice. Based on the two‐photon quantum‐imaging method, the near‐field diffraction of the honeycomb lattice is also investigated. It is found that the resolution of the diffraction pattern is tunable by simply adjusting the manner of the two detectors scanning across the imaging beams. In addition, the contrast of the pattern can be greatly enhanced by tuning the optical properties of the lattice. Such an optical honeycomb lattice with tunable properties could find applications in all‐optical switching at the few photons level and paves the way for the generation and manipulation of optical topological insulators.
Kinetic and Copolymer Composition Investigations of the Free Radical Copolymerization of 1‐Octene with Glycidyl Methacrylate
Authors: Rosales‐Guzmán Miguel , Pérez‐Camacho Odilia , Torres‐Lubián Román , Harrisson Simon , Schubert Ulrich S. , Guerrero‐Sánchez Carlos , Saldívar‐Guerra Enrique 
Published: June 2018

AbstractKinetic and copolymer composition investigations of the free radical copolymerization of 1‐octene with glycidyl methacrylate are reported. The chemical structure of the obtained copolymers is elucidated by 1H, 13C, heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopies. 1H NMR measurements indicate that a maximum statistical incorporation of 1‐octene in the copolymer chain of 32 mol% is obtained when 90 mol% of this comonomer is used in the initial monomer feed of the copolymerization reaction. Furthermore, the reactivity ratios of this comonomer system are estimated using the obtained experimental data, which are fitted to the integral form of the copolymerization equation utilizing a nonlinear least squares approach. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report on the reactivity ratios of this specific comonomer system. To evaluate the potential of the obtained materials as dispersants, the effect of the polymer concentration on the dispersion of copper nanopowders in organic solvents is studied for a copolymer with a 1‐octene composition of 25 mol%.
Copper Wire–Catalyzed RDRP in Nonpolar Media as a Route to Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Polymers
Authors: Raus Vladimír , Janata Miroslav , Čadová Eva 
Published: June 2018

AbstractControlled synthesis of high‐molecular weight (MW) organic–inorganic hybrid polymers based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) monomers has previously proved difficult to achieve by reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization methods. Here, this problem is tackled by employing a rarely used combination of Cu(0) catalysis and nonpolar solvents to polymerize a POSS‐methacrylate monomer,
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BuPOSSMA. It is revealed that chain transfer to solvent plays a dominant role in this system as only benzene and not toluene allows for synthesis of low dispersity, ultrahigh MW products (up to 3 500 000). Importantly, the process is characterized by very low amounts (units of ppm) of copper released into the polymerization mixture, leading to products with no discoloration. Finally, benzene use is also shown to be beneficial for copper bromide–catalyzed polymerization of
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BuPOSSMA, affording polymers with moderate MWs and extremely low dispersities (down to 1.06).