bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocrinopathies in Adult Egyptian Thalassemia Patients, A Cross Section Study
Authors: El-Salakawy Walaa Ali , Wahed Hassan Essam Abdel , Mohamed Said Rasha Magdy , Saeed Ahmed Alia Mohammed , moniem Radwan Rania Abdel , Hussien Abdalla Nour Elhoda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

background
Endocrine abnormalities are the most common complications of transfusion dependent thalassemias (TDT). Although the prevalence of endocrinopathies is less in nontransfusion dependent thalassemias (NTDT), they are still encountered, especially with advancing age. This necessitates regular screening. Evaluation and treatment of endocrinological disorders are the same as that of transfusion dependent patients.

Aim
is to asses the common endocrinal disorders in patients with thalassemia; TDT and NTDT for early detection and replacement therapy.

Subjects and Methods
This study is across sectional study, it included 100 patients with thalassaemia; 50 patients who were (TDT) and 50 patients who were (NTDT). Patients who are ≥ 18 years old, with thalassemia major TM and thalassemia intermedia TI, Patients with or without splenectomy, Transfusion dependent and non-transfusion dependent patients, all were included in the study.

Results
Study showed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between serum ferritin and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) and there is negative correlation with Sex Hormons, S.Cortisol, GH level. Also there is negative correlation between (Sex Hormons, S.Cortisol, Growth hormone GH) and frequency of transfusion. Study shows that Validity of serum ferritin at cutoff point more than 1100 for prediction of patients who are transfusion dependent.in terms of sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 90%.

Conclusion
thalassemia’s patients are still suffering from many endocrine disorders, and This necessitates early regular screening, as Early identification of endocrinal disorders and use of iron chelation reverse this disorders.
Effect of Dialysate Temperature and Patient Hematocrit on the Diffusive Permeability during Hemodialysis in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Mohammed Essa Radwa Mohammed , El Sayed Hesham Mohammed , Abdelmageed Emara Ahmed Abdelmoniem , Elsharabasy Reem Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Although hemodynamic stability with lower dialysate temperature is well established, it is still not known if there is a compromise in uremic clearance with cool dialysate therapy.

Objectives
Assessment of the effect of dialysate temperature and patient hematocrit on solute diffusion in hemodialysis patients.

Methods
Cross section of 50 adult clinically stable ESRD patients on thrice weekly hemodialysis sessions were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups according to their hematocrit (Hct) value into group (A): 25 patients with Hct below or equal to 30% and group (B): 25 patients with Hct above 30%. Each patient in both groups received two HD sessions with different dialysate temperature setting, one with 36° C and the other with temperature set on 37 °C. Laboratory investigations as serum, urea, creatinine, CBC, Kt/V and virology were done at the start of the study sessions and at the end of the same sessions.

Results
Patients were age and sex similar, with HTN being most common cause of ESKD in both groups. No significant change in URR, Kt\V or ultrafilteration volume between both groups at either dialysate temp. SBP showed higher value in patients with higher Hct with a trend of significance (p-value 0.09) with dialysate of 37ºc. Patients in both groups showed significant increase in intra-dialytic change in creatinine at dialysate temperature of 36ºc compared to 37ºc.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that lowering the dialysate temperature from 37 °C to 36 °C for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) does not significantly impact dialysis adequacy parameters (URR and KT/V) or blood pressure, unlike intradialytic creatinine change with cool dialysate sessions, which showed a significant increase. Moreover, hematocrit changes were not associated with significant difference in HD adequacy parameters.
Correlation between Serum Betatrophin Level and Histological Grading of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Hussein Reham Ekram , Ghaly Sameh Mohamed , Hegazy Nedal , Radwan Hisham Hamdy , Sabry Kareem , Allah Shaimaa Hussien Gad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome frequently co-existing with obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. It is characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of secondary causes such as significant alcohol consumption, chronic viral hepatitis, medications that induce steatosis, or other chronic liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, or Wilson’s disease. NAFLD can be subcategorized into nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Aim of the Work
to find out the role of Serum Betatrophin in predicting the presence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and determining the correlation between Serum Betatrophin and Histological Grades of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Patients and Methods
90 Patient from Hepatology outpatient clinic in Ain Shams university hospital and Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital was included in our study. The study population was assigned in two groups: Group A: Patient with biopsy proved NAFLD. Group B: Patient with healthy liver.

Results
In addition to Renal Function Test: Serum Creatinine & Blood Urea, Lipid Profile (Serum Cholesterol, TAG, LDL, HDL),Thyroid Function Test (TSH, FreeT3, FreeT4), FBS, PPBS, HbA1c%, Iron Profile (Iron, Ferritin) ceruloplasmin level, and serum Betatrophin Level. Pelviabdominal ultrasouography. Liver Biopsy using 16-G Non reusable Needle for group A was done. All the liver biopsy samples was include at least 10 total portal tracts and it was as long as 20 mm, stained with Haematoxlin & Eosin and Masson Trichome for histopathology.

Conclusion
NAFLD is a disease which occur more common in male and obese people. Patients with NAFLD may have low hemoglobin level low platelet count and reduced number of white blood cells. Liver function test such as liver enzyme, bilirubin level, Prothrombin concentration and Alpha Feto protein all are affected with NAFLD. Increase level of triglycerides is an independent risk factor in pathogenesis of NAFLD. Glycemic control and HBA1C level play a vital role in the occurrence of NAFLD also poor control of blood glucose lead to increase risk of NASH and progression to fibrosis.
Prevalence of Zinc Deficiency in Sample of Egyptian Children with Short Stature
Authors: Ali Mohammed Saad Hassan , Botros Raef Malak , Bekhet Meram Mohamed , Nesim Mina Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Zinc deficiency has adverse effect on growth and sexual development due to their direct effect on growth hormone metabolism. Zinc is a metal with great nutritional importance and is particular necessary in cellular replication.

Objective
to investigate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in sample of Egyptian children (in El Minya Government Primary School) with normal healthy and correlate it with short stature.

Methods
This is A Cross section simple randomization study for 6month from December 2022 to May 2023 At Elemam malk and Elweahada primary schools at Nazlet Elbarsha village on El Minia government over 500 health children all of them were subjected to full medical history taking and full clinical examination with weight, height body mass index and put on growth chart plot

Results
The prevalence of low serum zinc level was 25,8%, Normal zinc level was 74,6%, Highly significant association between serum zinc level and short stature, Zinc deficiency is less prevalent in male than female No significant correlation was found between serum zinc level and age, weight height, BMI, gender and anthroprometric. Finally serum zinc may contribute to short stature in primary school children in El minia government Egypt.

Conclusion
Serum zinc may contribute to short stature on small children aged (7-12 years) in EL Minia government Egypt.
Study of Musculoskeletal Involvement and Inflammatory Arthritis of the Hand and Wrist in Egyptian Systemic Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Habeeb Reem Abdelmoneim , Morad Caroline Samy , Motaher Alshaymaa Mohamed Farouk , Othman Sara Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by widespread tissue and internal organ fibrosis, immune system activation, and vasculopathy. Articular symptoms are common and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, ranging from arthralgia, tendon friction rubs to frank arthritis and contractures.

Aim of the Work
Is to study the musculoskeletal involvement and hand and wrist arthritis among Systemic Sclerosis patients.

Patients and Methods
This is a cross-sectional study with 30 SSc patients were selected from Rheumatology outpatient clinic and inpatient department Ain Shams University hospital. All the patients were diagnosed according to the 2013 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) SSc classification criteria. Informed consent was taken from all participating subjects.

Results
The mean age of all patients was (40 ± 9.9) years and the mean disease duration was 5.4 ± 4.1 years. Most patients were females, and some had positive family history of autoimmune disease. The majority of patients were receiving steroids, and some were receiving other medications. Regarding clinical manifestations, various symptoms were reported, including dysphagia, Raynaud’s phenomenon, digital ulcers, pitting scars, and telangiectasia. Joint space narrowing, erosions, osteophytes, and calcinosis were also observed in some patients.

Conclusion
In conclusion, this study sheds light on the musculoskeletal involvement and inflammatory arthritis of hand and wrist in SSc. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore other aspects of this disease.
Liver Injury in Non-ICU Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Single Center Study
Authors: ElKarmoty Khaled Zakaria , Ahmed Osama Ashraf , Samaan Amira Isaac , Abdelhaleem Tamer Abdelhaleem Nasr 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The new corona virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a severe form of viral pneumonia. The virus spread rapidly from China to the rest of the world in a very short time and with considerable intensity and severity creating a “global emergency.” The global pandemic COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already caused about 1.4 million deaths.

Aim of the Work
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of concurrent elevation of AST, ALT, and Bilirubin, examine their dynamic changes throughout the course of COVID-19 patients.

Patients and Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study that was carried out in Ain Shams University isolation Hospitals including 200 adult patients of both genders with confirmed COVID- 19 from March 2020 to June 2020.

Results
The mean age of mild severity group was 56.77 (±13.09 SD) with range (24 - 80) and among them there were 19 (30.6%) males. The mean age of severe group was 60.52 (±14.68 SD) with range (25-82) and among them there were 26 (54.7%) males. There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Sex. There was high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Hospital stay. Hospital stays ranged from 2 - 20 days. Disease duration ranged from 8 - 27 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard co-morbidity. The most common morbidities among the studied group were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard AST and bilirubin. As regard comparison between the studied groups as regard Lab finding During stay; there was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard AST and bilirubin. As regard comparison between the studied groups as regard Lab finding at discharge; there was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard bilirubin.

Conclusion
The hepatic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection are now recognized as an important component of COVID-19.
HCV Relapse in Hemodialysis Egyptian Patients after Treatment with Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Elhamid Eid Wael Ahmed Abd , Aziz Bahnacy Abdallah Abdel , Abdel Atty GadAllah Abdel Nasser , Abdel Wahed Aliaa Sabry 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
HCV infection is a major health problem in Egypt and unfortunately its prevalence is more in hemodialysis patients than general population, the advent of DAA led to increased rate of recovery and lower rates of side effects rather than standard interferon therapy, but relapse of HCV is not uncommon among these patients. Purpose: the aim of the current study was to assess the incidence of relapse among hemodialysis patients with HCV after treatment with different regimens DAAs and to identify the risk factors that might be associated with this relapse.

Patients and Methods
This case- control study was held in Shibin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt in the period between June 2015 and June 2020. The study included 250 hemodialysis patients with chronic HCV and previously treated with DAAs. Patient were classified according to DAA treatment response into patients with HCV relapse (186 patients) and a non-relapse group(64 patients).both groups were assessed regarding predictors and risk factors for HCV relapse.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences between both groups as regard age, sex, diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Hypertension was prevalent in non-relapse group with statistical significance(p = 0.0001). Sofosbuvir + Daclatasvir + Ribavirin regimen was the most commonly used regimen in relapse group (53.2%0 while Ritonavir/Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir+Ribavirin combination therapy was utilized more in non- relapse group, both showed statistical significance (p = 0.0001). HCV viral load, liver cirrhosis and hepatic focal lesion were predictors of treatment non-response.

Conclusion
In conclusion, multiple risk factors exist for HCV relapse after primary response to direct acting antiviral. These factors included hypertension, cirrhotic liver, presence of space occupying lesions, Sofosbuvir- based regimen, degree of hypoalbuminemia, degree of liver enzymes elevation, high bilirubin, and elevated alfa fetoprotein and viral load by HCV PCR. cirrhotic liver, space occupying lesions, sofosbuvir- based regimen and high alfa fetoprotein are the most significant predictors for HCV recurrence after primary response to direct acting antiviral in hemodialysis population.
Nested PCR Targeting the Flagellin Gene (fliC) in Urine Sample for Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever – An Internal Pilot Study
Authors: Fouad Mona Mohammad , Fathy Maha Muhammad , Fathi Marwa Saad Mohammed , El-Folly Runia Fouad , Khater Walaa Shawky 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Typhoid fever remains a significant public health challenge, especially in developing countries. Diagnostic complexities arise from the disease’s non-specific clinical manifestations that overlap with other febrile illnesses. Hence, reliable laboratory testing is crucial. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) stands out for its diagnostic performance, especially when utilizing urine due to its minimal PCR inhibitors and ease of collection.

Aim
The study aimed to test the performance of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (Salmonella Typhi) fliC gene specific nested PCR in urine for laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever.

Subjects and Methods
This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted as an internal pilot study during the period from August 2021 to October 2022. It included 25 clinically diagnosed enteric fever patients, recruited from Al-Abasseya Fever Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, and 25 healthy individuals as controls, matched for age and sex. Nested PCR was performed to detect the fliC gene of Salmonella Typhi in urine samples from both patients and controls. Urine culture was conducted for subjects in both groups, while blood and stool cultures were exclusively performed for the patients' group.

Results
The sensitivity of the nested PCR test targeting the fliC gene in urine was 44%, with a specificity of 88%. The positive predictive value was 78.57%, the negative predictive value was 61.11%, the positive likelihood ratio was 3.7, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.63. Blood culture isolation exhibited a very low positivity rate of 4%.

Conclusion
Nested PCR targeting the fliC gene in urine samples holds promise as a diagnostic tool for typhoid fever. Despite its moderate sensitivity, the relatively higher specificity suggests its potential utility in confirming typhoid fever cases. The test offers a valuable adjunctive tool alongside conventional diagnostic method. However, further research and validation may be necessary before widespread clinical application. The performance of the test needs to be evaluated in clinically diagnosed and laboratory confirmed cases of typhoid fever.
Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Stuttering Children
Authors: Ahmed Nahed Salah Aldeen , Nada Maha Ali Mohamed , Elfiky Yomna Hassan , Behiry Amira Farah Hedaya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to acquire an on-going record of the electrical activity of the brain with excellent temporal resolution.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study was to determine EEG patterns of stuttering children.

Patients and Methods
This was a cross sectional curried out at outpatient clinics in Ain Shams University hospitals.

Results
There was no statistically significant relation found between the change in EEG and age of the studied patients with p-value = 0.319 while there was statistically significant increase in male patients in patients with positive EEG changes (86.7%) than those with no EEG changes (56.0%) with p-value = 0.045.

Conclusion
Only 37.5% of cases had an abnormal EEG, all of whom were reported as right-handed. Varying EEG abnormalities were found, including focal epileptiform discharges were in (73.3%) of abnormal cases and multifocal epileptiform discharges were in the rest (26.7%).
Social Cognition and it’s Correlation with Alexithymia and Emotional Dysregulation in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Hatata Hisham Ahmed , Hassan Elrassas Hanan Hany , Naguib Rehab Mohamed , Mahmoud Asmaa Ali Abdelsalam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent psychiatric illness characterized by interpersonal instability, self-image disturbances, affective dysregulation, and impulsivity. Despite its high prevalence, BPD often goes underdiagnosed. Social cognitive deficits, including impairments in recognizing facial emotions and mentalizing, have been proposed as potential contributors to the social difficulties observed in individuals with BPD.

Objectives
This study aimed to compare social cognitive performance between individuals with BPD and healthy controls, and to examine the correlations between social cognition, alexithymia, and emotional dysregulation in BPD.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted over a nine-month period, involving 30 BPD patients and 30 healthy controls. Participants underwent structured clinical interviews for psychiatric diagnosis, as well as assessments for social cognition using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test and the Faux Pas Recognition Test. Additionally, emotional dysregulation and alexithymia were evaluated using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, respectively.

Results
BPD patients demonstrated deficits in recognizing intentions, thoughts, and emotions compared to controls. Significant differences were observed in Faux Pas Recognition and Mind in Eye Test scores, with BPD patients performing worse. Emotional regulation scores, specifically cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, were significantly lower in BPD patients. Valence testing indicated higher prevalence of negative valence in BPD patients. Notably, BPD patients exhibited significantly higher scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, particularly in identifying and describing emotions.

Conclusion
This study highlights distinct social cognitive impairments in individuals with BPD, manifested through difficulties in recognizing emotions and intentions. Moreover, BPD patients demonstrated higher levels of alexithymia and emotional dysregulation. These findings underscore the importance of addressing social cognitive deficits and emotional dysregulation in the assessment and treatment of BPD, aiming to improve social functioning and overall quality of life for affected individuals.
Correlation between D-Dimer and Size of Non-Lacunar MCA Infarction and its Relation to Functional Outcome
Authors: Marwan Aya Ebrahim , Ibrahim Mohamed Hamdy , Helmy Shahinaz Mohamed , Khaled Elewa Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Stroke is the second highest cause of death globally and a leading cause of disability, with an increasing incidence in developing countries. D-dimer (D-D) is the ultimate product of plasmin-mediated degradation of fibrin-rich thrombi. D-D is a simple readily accessible biomarker employed within the diagnostic algorithms for the exclusion of venous thromboembolism. The correlation between D-D and infarct size in MRI brain in acute stroke patients and predict their functional outcome by using modified Rankin scale (mRS) has not been fully investigated before.

Objectives
We aimed to investigate correlation between plasma D-Dimer level and the ischemic lesion size of non-lacunar MCA infarction in MRI brain and predict functional outcome of these patients.

Patients and Methods
This cross sectional study Included 30 acute ischemic stroke (MCA) patients fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria admitted to Stroke Unites of Ain Shams University hospitals in which particle-enhanced, immunoturbidimetric assay to detect plasma D-Dimer concentration measured upon admission. additionally, demographic, clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging information was Abstracted. Also, using mdified Rankin scale (mRS) to follow up patients as a tool to assess functional outcome.

Results
In this study there was a statistically significant positive correlation between of D-dimer levels on admission and the initial infarction volume in MRI (DWI) (Test-value)=21.28 and p-value.000). The Increase of D-dimer level was associated with increase of the initial infarction volume in MRI and vice versa. There was direct statistically significant positive correlation between the D-dimer and the mRS scores of the patients (r=.155 and p- value = .005)and the best cut- off limit of D-dimer levels done to patients early after admission (in the 1st 24 hours) in predicting poor outcome was 650 ng/ml which achieves 85.71 % sensitivity and 87.5% specificity.

Conclusion
The plasma D-D biomarker can be a simple readily available test reliable predictor of infarct lesion size in DW-MRI and functional outcome for patients with ischemic stroke in union with the common practice instrumental tests.