bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Aesthetic Perceptions about Dental Fluorosis among 12-15 Years Old Government School Children in Farukh Nagar, Haryana
Authors: Yadav R , Yadav A , Oberoi SS 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims and objectives
The present study was conducted to assess the opinions amongst schoolchildren about the appearance of dental fluorosis, to correlate the children's perceptions of dental fluorosis and to assess the impact of dental fluorosis on psychological health of the school children.

Materials and methods
A questionnaire was used for assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude and Aesthetic perceptions about Dental Fluorosis among 474, 12-15 years old school children studying in four government high schools of Farukh Nagar block, Gurgaon, Haryana. The study sample included 308 students with dental fluorosis out of all the school children examined. Dental Fluorosis was assessed by using tooth surface index of fluorosis with 8 point scale ranging from 0 to 7.

Results
Amongst 308 subjects, maximum subjects had TSIF score of 4, 96.8% (298) subjects were not aware of the term fluorosis, 276 (89.5%) subjects were worried, and 253 (82.2%) subjects were not able to smile freely because of the appearance of their teeth.

Conclusion
The study showed that dental fluorosis had severe impact on the 12 to 15 years old school children especially on the subjects with TSIF score of 4 because of the staining.
Association of Malnutrition and Socioeconomic Status in Dental Caries – A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Punitha VC , Sivaprakasam P 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

The objective
Of this study was to assess the association of nutritional status and socio economic status in dental caries among rural children.

Methods
Children of age 6 – 10 yrs (n = 120) from government schools in two villages of Kanchipuram district were the study subjects. The children's nutritional status was assessed by means of anthropometric measurements. Body Mass Index using weight and height of children was evaluated using the reference standard of the WHO 2007. The socioeconomic status was assessed based on education, occupation and material possession. The children's oral cavity was screened for decayed and filled teeth (dft index)

Results
Nutritional assessment showed that 66.7% were malnourished. Female children (71.7%) were more malnourished than males (62.2%) with no significant difference between them. Children belonging to the low income group were more malnourished (74.7%) than children of middle income group (53.3%) (p = 0.01). The prevalence of caries in this population was 60% with mean dft index score of 1.7. Caries occurrence was more in the low income group (61.3%) than middle income group (57.8%) with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.70). Comparing the caries occurrence between the malnourished children and the normal weight children it was seen that the caries occurrence was less in the malnourished children (p=0.23)

Conclusion
This cross sectional study concludes that malnutrition is not associated with dental caries and socioeconomic status influences nutritional status of a child in this rural population.
Management of Intraoral Gunshot Injury – A Case Report
Authors: Agarwal A , Kumar A , Goel M , Puri P , Priya K 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Oral and Maxillofacial gunshot injuries are usually lethal due to close proximity with the vital structures. The severity of injury varies according to the caliber of the weapon used and to the distance from which the patient is shot. A case of gunshot injury that was successfully managed by surgical exploration and removal of bullet from left maxillary antrum under local anesthesia is presented. The initial care of facial gunshot wounds strictly adheres to the basics of trauma resuscitation. Early and appropriate surgical management have proved to be influential on the final outcome and aesthetic result. Treatment of gunshot injuries should be planned and carried out carefully. It takes different stages and procedures to achieve the targeted treatment plan. Prevention and control of infection are important in the success of the treatment.
Oral and Dental Findings of the Longest Surviving Patient with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson Syndrome
Authors: Sekerci AE , Sisman Y , Keskinrüzgar A , Unal E , Karakukcu M , Ozdemir MA 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS) is a severe multisystem disorder associated with premature mortality, due to bone marrow failure. Because HHS is a very rare disease and almost all cases die before 7 years of age, the dental development and dental findings of HHS patients are still not clear. According to our knowledge only twenty seven cases were reported up to now and we did not find any report focusing on the dental evaluation of HHS patients. Therefore, in this report, we aimed to present the dental findings of a twenty-year old patient with HHS.
Asymptomatic Impacted Supernumerary Maxillary Parapremolar
Authors: Singh S , Rahman H , Chandra R , Tripathi S , Mohan M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A case of unilateral impacted supernumerary premolar has been reported. Supernumerary premolars are usually asymptomatic and most cases are diagnosed by a chance during inspection of radiographs.
Estimation of Fluoride Concentration in Municipal Water Supply and Commercially Available Packaged Drinking Water in Mathura City. A -Comparative Study
Authors: Gupta R , Ingle NA , Kaur N , Ingle E , Bhalla M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionPresence of fluoride in water is known to cause many crippling diseases either by its insufficient or excess intake.Aim & objectivesTo compare the fluoride and TDS concentration in municipal water supply and packaged drinking water sold in Mathura city.Material and MethodTotal five water samples of packaged drinking water and ten samples of municipal water were collected from pumping stations of Mathura city. Fluoride concentration was determined by modified alizarin method, TDS was estimated by TDS meter. The student t test was used to compare the mean fluoride concentration of municipal water and packaged drinking water.ResultsThe mean fluoride concentration of packaged drinking water and municipal water supply was 0.16 mg/L, 0.64 mg/L respectively. The difference between the mean of two samples was found to be statistically significant.ConclusionThe fluoride concentration was low in both municipal water and packaged drinking water. TDS was in permissible range in packaged drinking water and unsatisfactory in municipal water.
Computer Use Among Post Graduate Dental Students in India
Authors: Gupta P , Gupta SG , Ankola AV , Jindal V 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
Computers have become an integral component of dentistry finding application in both patient care and dental education. Few studies have been conducted to assess the use of computers in the field of dentistry in India. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, skills, practice and attitudes of post graduate dental students towards the use of computers in dentistry.

Subjects and Methods
A self administered questionnaire was distributed among the post graduate dental students of KLE University, Belgaum, India. 68 out of 82 students responded, the data was analyzed and represented as frequency and percentage.

Results
Most of the students acquired knowledge about computer through informal training. Internet use was very high among the students. They could perform basic operations on computer but faced problem in some advanced functions like hardware maintenance, software installation, use of spreadsheets and photo editing. 73.5% used computer in both home and college. More than 75% owned their own computer. Only 41.2% felt they were well trained to use computers. More than 90% believed that computer education should be a part of dental curriculum.

Conclusion
Though computers in being extensively used by the post graduate dental students, they lack formal training and feel the need for the same. Computer training will be helpful in creating better dental professionals.
Pyogenic Granuloma – Red Mass Lesion: A Case Report
Authors: Agarwal A , Bhattacharya HS , Shiva Manjunath RG , Gokhle ST 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Pyogenic granuloma is a reactive lesion. It usually arises in response to various stimuli such as low-grade local irritation, traumatic injury, hormonal factors, or certain kinds of drugs hyperplasia of connective tissue in response to local irritants. Gingiva is the most common site affected followed by buccal mucosa, tongue and lips. It is a tumourlike growth of the oral cavity, frequently located surrounding the anterior teeth Histologically, the surface epithelium may be intact, or may show foci of ulcerations or even exhibiting hyperkeratosis. Pyogenic granuloma should be excised along with the base and its causative factors. This paper presents a case of a pyogenic granuloma managed by surgical intervention.
Dental Pain Perception In Different Genders: Pscychological Evaluation And Pain Control Strategy
Authors: Tabassum N , Ahmed S , Al-abdulwaheed M , Al-hammad H , Al-habbib E , Al-khudaimi Z , Al-megran S , Al-basheer A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study aims at evaluation and discussion of differences in pain perception, anxiety and behavior of male and female dental patients and highlight its significance in treatment planning and management, in the clinical set ups in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia.

Material and methods
A comparative cohort study was carried out in 880 patients from various dental clinics in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. They were given a 23-question questionnaire based on extended DFAS(dental fear and avoidance scale) and DAS(dental anxiety scale). The variables included brief demographic data, medical history, pscychological assessment, pain catastrophe, previous dental experiences and avoidance of dental treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the categorized study and outcome variables in male and female patients and comparing the differences in pscychology and pain perception.

Results and conclusion
Female subjects reported with less pain and phobiafor dental treatment compared to male subjects.91.6% femalesresponded positively for DFAS-1 score(not afraid) against 45.8% of male subjects and 50.6%male subjects agreed that they are terrified of dental pain against 25.7% female subjects for DFAS score 4(terrified of dental pain),which is statistically highly significant.
Glucometer As A Chairside Diagnostic Device To Assess Blood Glucose In Chronic Periodontitis Patients With And Without Diabetes
Authors: Bansal P , Kirti S , Khuller N , Bhatia A , Mehta A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Diabetes and periodontal health status have long been considered to be biologically linked. It is essential for a dental surgeon or a periodontist to detect blood glucose level for patients whose signs and symptoms are suggestive of diabetes. Self monitoring devices provide a simple method for rapid monitoring of the glucose level in blood. The present study was designed to check the validity of glucometer as a chairside diagnostic device in chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes. The study included 45 patients divided into three groups (15 chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus, 15 chronic periodontitis patients without diabetes mellitus and 15 healthy patients). Samples were taken from gingival crevicular, gingival capillary, finger prick blood and values were compared with standardized venous blood sample results. The results of study show a strong correlation between blood sugar values of gingival crevicular blood with laboratory venous blood sugar than other parameters.
Compound Odontoma - A Representative Case Report
Authors: Lyssikatos A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A compound odontoma is the most common form of odontogenic odontomas and is typically found in the maxillary anterior region. This paper describes a case diagnosed in a 41 year old healthy male patient. Two treatment options were presented to the patient including a referral to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon for an evaluation or periodic monitoring of the odontoma.
Biopotential Assessment—An Alternative in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnostics: A Study
Authors: Mukherji Soumyo , Vahanwala Sonal P , Dhawangale Arvind , Agrawal Sourabh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to ascertain the relation between surface electrical potential and the presence of cancer in the buccal mucosa and their correlation.

Materials and methods
A device was designed to measure the skin potentials on the face, and various head and neck carcinomas can be detected in a noninvasive way. The present study is a case control study in the ratio 1:1, comprising two groups of 10 individuals each. The two distinct groups of the study are as follows:
1. Normal subjects group consisting of individuals with no habit of tobacco, with the absence of any lesion active or passive on the skin or buccal mucosa.
2. Cancer patients group consisting of individuals attending the head and neck services at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, with the habit of tobacco consumption and having a lesion on the buccal mucosa with biopsy confirming diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Results
Sites of SCC were significantly electropositive compared with control sites in normal tissue. But noncancerous lesions yielded no potential difference between the lesion and control sites.

Conclusion
The skin surface potential values are maintained in an individual with no cancerogenesis, whereas in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the lesion values are more electropositive than the surrounding areas. This can be used to detect OSCC.
Significance: The device designed is patient-compliant and can be used in cancers of breast, colon, etc. More research work is recommended on skin surface potentials.

How to cite this article
Vahanwala SP, Mukherji S, Dhawangale A, Agrawal S. Biopotential Assessment—An Alternative in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnostics: A Study. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(4):168-174.
To Swab or Not to Swab: Appropriate Medical Advice Regarding Self-Ear-Cleaning
Authors: Sperling Neil M , Portnoy William M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim:
We seek to review the medical literature and explore the cultural practices and lore of self-ear-cleaning to arrive at appropriate medical advice for our patients.

Background
The medical consensus recommends against the practice of self-ear-cleaning as it may lead to complications or injury. There is a wide gap between the recommendations of the medical community and the general public's perception about ear-cleaning habits. Despite ample advice, the practice of ear cleaning with swabs is pervasive.

Review results
A review of the available medical literature reveals a few articles that associate self-ear-clearing with injury. Even fewer articles provide data as to the prevalence of self-ear-cleaning making the relative risk of such a practice difficult to ascertain. Despite this scarcity of data, most authors continue to advocate for avoiding the practice of self-ear-cleaning.

Clinical significance
In light of the ubiquitous use of cotton tip swabs, the practice of self-ear-cleaning deserves additional medical evaluation to identify safe and acceptable procedures regarding contemporary hygiene of the ear. It appears likely that medical advice for self-ear-cleaning has been disproportionately influenced by the unusual adverse outcomes that are possible rather than evidence-based guidelines.

How to cite this article
Sperling NM, Portnoy WM. To Swab or Not to Swab: Appropriate Medical Advice Regarding Self-Ear-Cleaning. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):1-4.
A Brief History of Local Anesthesia
Authors: Nathan John , Asadourian Lynda , Erlich Mark A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Mankind has, throughout its existence, been engaged in the quest to control the pain associated with disease and trauma. Evidence from over 4500 years ago demonstrates the Egyptians use of methods to compress peripheral nerves. Homer's Iliad relates the use of herbal remedies for pain control. Other early writings describe the use of electricity generated by the Torpedo ray for pain control as well as cold water and ice for pain reduction. These techniques, in their various incarnations, comprised the main armamentarium of local pain control until the early 1800's when the early framework for the hypodermic syringe emerged in America. Cocaine, noted for its stimulant effect as well as numbing properties, was first brought to Europe by Vespucci. The combination of a workable syringe and the purification of Cocaine by Niemann essentially gave birth to modern local anesthesia. Halsted would perform the first injections of cocaine via hypodermic syringe into a proximal nerve for distal pain control, introducing modern conduction local anesthesia. All that remained was the introduction of numerous blockers of nerve depolarization, combined with vasoconstrictors, to minimize systemic toxicity, and we arrive at the modern state of local anesthesia.

How to cite this article
Nathan J, Asadourian L, Erlich MA. A Brief History of Local Anesthesia. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016; 7(1):29-32.
Dermatologic Manifestation of Streptococcal Infection: Tonsillectomy as a Treatment for Guttate Psoriasis
Authors: Ferzli George , Bentsianov Boris 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Psoriasis is a chronic dermatologic inflammatory disease characterized by scaly patches. Guttate psoriasis is characterized by numerous erythematous lesions measuring from 1 to 5 mm in diameter and most commonly found along the extremities and trunk. This type of psoriasis has been closely linked with preceding or concurrent streptococcal infections. There have been few studies demonstrating the role of tonsillectomy as a treatment option for guttate psoriasis. Adding to the literature of previously reported cases, we describe a case of a 28-year-old male with recurrent episodes of guttate psoriasis treated with tonsillectomy.

How to cite this article
Ferzli G, Bentsianov B. Dermatologic Manifestation of Streptococcal Infection: Tonsillectomy as a Treatment for Guttate Psoriasis. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):51-52.
A Study of Clinical Profile of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and ENT Manifestations and its Surgical Outcome
Authors: Sidram Vishwanath , Kumar PC Chandra , Raghavendra Bellara 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The aim of this study is to study the clinical profile and outcome of primary and secondary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and to study the different parameters that affect the outcome.

Materials and methods
A total of 40 patients who were diagnosed to have ICH, both primary and secondary, by computed tomography scan were included in the study. Among the selected patients, the clinical profile, radiological profile, and the modality of treatment undertaken and the outcome were noted. Outcome variables included survived [improvement in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)], death, and vegetative state. The outcome variable was compared with respect to age, sex, GCS, etiology, location of the hematoma, and the modality of treatment to find out any statistically significant difference in the rate of outcomes.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 36.78 ± 18.5 years; mean GCS at the time of presentation was 9.05 ± 1.82. Common causes of ICH were trauma (57.5%) and hypertension (25%). Significant association was found between outcome and age group, GCS, etiology of ICH, and location of the bleed. Poor outcome was associated with GCS ≤ 8 (40%), >50 years of age (45.5%), hypertension (50%), and basal ganglia bleed (50%). Best outcome was seen in patients with GCS ≥9, a lobar bleed, and trauma as the cause of ICH where the patient survival was 90%.

Conclusion
In case of ICH depending upon the clinical and radiological profile, the treatment should be individualized. The rates of survival and favorable outcome are better in patients with GCS ≥ 9, a lobar bleed, and trauma as the cause of ICH.

How to cite this article
Sidram V, Kumar PCC, Raghavendra B. A Study of Clinical Profile of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and ENT Manifestations and its Surgical Outcome. Int J Head Neck Surg 2017;8(1):5-10.
Does the Position of External Branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve change with the Height of the Patients and the Length of the Larynx
Authors: Senanayake Kithsiri J , Fernando Ranil , Salgado Sujatha , Jayanthi Manjula 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
When the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) crosses the superior thyroid artery closer to thyroid upper pole, the EBSLN has a higher risk of getting damaged. Its anatomical position in relation to thyroid upper pole may vary with changing the height of patient and the length of larynx. We intended to test this hypothesis and predict the risk. Thirty cadavers of both sexes are dissected (29-87 years, mean 69). One cadaver excluded due to a goiter and five nerves were damaged during dissection. Therefore, 53 nerves were studied. The distance from upper pole of thyroid to the point where the nerve crosses the superior thyroid artery (TS) was measured. Cadaver length (CL), cricothyroid length (CT) and the cricohyoid length (CH) measured to the closest millimeter. Correlation of TS with CL, CT and CH was measured. The mean distance from the upper pole of the thyroid to the point where EBSLN crosses superior thyroid artery was 6.24 mm (SD 5.94). On right side, the mean distance was 4.03 mm (SD 5.34) and, on the left, 8.37 mm (SD 5.7 mm). The difference between two means was significant at 0.05 (t = 2.82, p = 0.007). There was a strong correlation between distance from the upper pole of the thyroid to the point where the nerve crosses the superior thyroid artery with CL (r = 0.98). There was moderate correlation with the CT and CH lengths (r = 0.55, 0.58 respectively). The position of EBSLN in relation to thyroid upper pole is strongly correlated with the height of the patient. The EBSLN crosses superior thyroid artery more closely to thyroid upper pole in right side.

How to cite this article
Senanayake KJ, Fernando R, Salgado S, Jayanthi M. Does the Position of External Branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve change with the Height of the Patients and the Length of the Larynx. World J Endocr Surg 2012;4(1):1-2.
Surgeon-Performed Ultrasound in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Study of 204 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Al-Askari Mohamed , Gough Jenny , Stringer Kate M , Gough Ian R 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A prospective study was conducted to assess the value of surgeon-performed ultrasound (SUS) in primary hyperparathyroidism. A total of 204 consecutive patients were studied prospectively with surgeon performed neck ultrasound. The results were compared with sestamibi nuclear scintigraphy (SNS) and radiologist-performed ultrasound (RUS) and correlated with the operative findings. SUS was true positive in 173 of 204 (85%), false positive in two (1%), false negative in 23 (11%), and true negative in six (2.5%) in patients, where the gland was inaccessible by US (sensitivity 88%, PPV 98%). SNS was true positive in 126 of 188 (67%), false positive in 3%, and false negative in 30% (sensitivity 69%, PPV 95%). RUS was true positive in 57 of 139 (40%), false positive in 5%, false negative in 52% and true negative in 3% (sensitivity 43%, PPV 89%). Comparing correct localization with incorrect localization by the Fisher's exact test, SUS was superior to SNS (p < 0.0001) and to RUS (p < 0.0001). 116 patients had bilateral neck exploration and 88 had open focused minimally invasive surgery. Five percent had multigland disease and 97% were cured after one operation. SUS was the only imaging modality in 16 patients and was sufficiently convincing to allow minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in eight. Surgeons treating hyperparathyroidism should find SUS a valuable tool. In our experience, SUS was more accurate than RUS whose costeffectiveness is questionable.

How to cite this article
Al-Askari M, Gough J, Stringer KM, Gough IR. Surgeon-Performed Ultrasound in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Study of 204 Consecutive Patients. World J Endocr Surg 2012;4(1):8-12.