bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Approximate Explicit Green–Ampt Infiltration Model for Cumulative Infiltration
Authors: Nie Wei-Bo , Li Yi-Bo , Liu Ye , Ma Xiao-Yi 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Proposed an explicit Green–Ampt model (EGA model) to estimate cumulative 1D vertical infiltration.
The form of error term &epsi; is determined as a power‐function through non‐dimensional numerical analysis.
The EGA model is reliable for estimation the cumulative infiltration for a variety of soil textures.
Accurately estimating soil moisture infiltration information contributes to scientific understanding of the one‐dimensional (1D) vertical infiltration process. Because of its simple form, the Green–Ampt (GA) model has been extensively employed to simulate soil infiltration processes. However, the GA model is an implicit solution that must be solved through iterative techniques, and thus is inconvenient. Therefore, based on the two‐parameter infiltration equation proposed by Valiantzas, by adding an error term and non‐dimensional numerical analysis, this study proposes an approximate explicit Green–Ampt model (EGA model) for estimating cumulative infiltration with a determined power function expression for the error term. A total of 12 typical soils were selected from the USDA soil textural classes, and the 1D vertical soil infiltration process was simulated using Hydrus‐1D. The reliability of the proposed EGA model was verified using measured and simulated values. The mean absolute percentage relative error (MAPRE) and percentage of bias (PB) were taken as evaluation indicators to compare the estimated cumulative infiltration with the measured and simulated values. The results revealed that all cumulative infiltration values estimated by the EGA model are in good agreement with those measured in laboratory experiments and simulated using Hydrus‐1D; the mean MAPRE and PB values of all treatments were 4.2 and 0.7%, respectively. In addition, the estimated errors of the EGA model were consistent with those of the GA model. Hence, the EGA model can estimate the cumulative infiltration in 1D vertical soil infiltration with high accuracy and is suitable for a variety of soil textures.
Managing large multidimensional hydrologic datasets: A case study comparing NetCDF and SciDB
Authors: Liu Haicheng , van Oosterom Peter , Tijssen Theo , Commandeur Tom , Wang Wen 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Management of large hydrologic datasets including storage, structuring, clustering, indexing, and query is one of the crucial challenges in the era of big data. This research originates from a specific problem: time series extraction at specific locations takes a long time when a large multidimensional (MD) dataset is stored in the NetCDF classic or the 64-bit offset format. The essence of this issue lies in the contiguous storage structure adopted by NetCDF. In this research, NetCDF file-based solutions and a MD array database management system applying a chunked storage structure are benchmarked to determine the best solution for storing and querying large MD hydrologic datasets. Expert consultancy was conducted to establish benchmark sets, with the HydroNET-4 system being utilized to provide the benchmark environment. In the final benchmark tests, the effect of data storage configurations, elaborating chunk size, dimension order (spatio-temporal clustering) and compression on the query performance, is explored. Results indicate that for big hydrologic MD data management, the properly chunked NetCDF-4 solution without compression is, in general, more efficient than the SciDB DBMS. However, benefits of a DBMS should not be neglected, for example, the integration with other data types, smart caching strategies, transaction support, scalability, and out-of-the-box support for parallelization.
Microalgae population dynamics growth with AnMBR effluent: effect of light and phosphorus concentration
Authors: Sanchis-Perucho P. , Duran F. , Barat R. , Pachés M. , Aguado D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity and phosphorus concentration on biomass growth and nutrient removal in a microalgae culture and their effect on their competition. The photobioreactor was continuously fed with the effluent from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor pilot plant treating real wastewater. Four experimental periods were carried out at different light intensities (36 and 52 μmol s−1 m−2) and phosphorus concentrations (around 6 and 15 mgP L−1). Four green algae – Scenedesmus, Chlorella, Monoraphidium and Chlamydomonas– and cyanobacterium were detected and quantified along whole experimental period. Chlorella was the dominant species when light intensity was at the lower level tested, and was competitively displaced by a mixed culture of Scenedesmus and Monoraphidium when light was increased. When phosphorus concentration in the photobioreactor was raised up to 15 mgP L−1, a growth of cyanobacterium became the dominant species in the culture. The highest nutrient removal efficiency (around 58.4 ± 15.8% and 96.1 ± 16.5% of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively) was achieved at 52 μmol s−1 m−2 of light intensity and 6.02 mgP L−1 of phosphorus concentration, reaching about 674 ± 86 mg L−1 of volatile suspended solids. The results obtained reveal how the light intensity supplied and the phosphorus concentration available are relevant operational factors that determine the microalgae species that is able to predominate in a culture. Moreover, changes in microalgae predominance can be induced by changes in the growth medium produced by the own predominant species.
Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Current Status and Urgent Research Priorities
Authors: Khan Naveed Ahmed , Anwar Ayaz , Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah 
Published: May 2018

Background:First discovered in the early 1970s, Acanthamoeba keratitis has remained a major eye infection and presents a significant threat to the public health, especially in developing countries. The aim is to present a timely review of our current understanding of the advances made in this field in a comprehensible manner and includes novel concepts and provides clear directions for immediate research priorities.Methods:We undertook a search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature and also summarized our published results in this field.Results:The present review focuses on novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in details which can provide access to management and treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. This coupled with the recently available genome sequence information together with high throughput genomics technology and innovative approaches should stimulate interest in the rational design of preventative and therapeutic measures. Current treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis is problematic and often leads to infection recurrence. Better understanding of diagnosis, pathogenesis, pathophysiology and therapeutic regimens, would lead to novel strategies in treatment and prophylaxis.
Protective Effect of Kaempferol on the Transgenic Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Beg Tanveer , Jyoti Smita , Naz Falaq , Rahul  , Ali Fahad , Ali Syed Kashif , Reyad Ahmed Mohamed , Siddique Yasir Hasan 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation and deposition
of β-amyloid peptides leading to a progressive neuronal damage and cell loss. Besides several hypotheses
for explaining the neurodegenerative mechanisms, oxidative stress has been considered to be
one of them. Till date, there is no cure for AD, but the pathogenesis of the disease could be delayed by
the use of natural antioxidants. In this context, we decided to study the effect of kaempferol against the
transgenic Drosophila expressing human amyloid beta-42.

Method:
The AD flies were allowed to feed on the diet having 10, 20, 30 and 40µM of kaempferol for
30 days. After 30 days of exposure, the amyloid beta flies were studied for their climbing ability and
Aversive Phototaxis Suppression assay. Amyloid beta flies head homogenate was prepared for estimating
the oxidative stress markers, Caspase and acetylcholinesterase activity.

Results:
The results of the present study reveal that the exposure of AD flies to kaempferol delayed
the loss of climbing ability, memory, reduced the oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase activity.

Conclusion:
Kaempferol could be used as a possible therapeutic agent against the progression of the
Alzheimer’s disease.
Protease-, Pectinase- and Amylase- Producing Bacteria from a Kenyan Soda Lake
Authors: Oluoch Kevin Raymond , Okanya Patrick Wafula , Hatti-Kaul Rajni , Mattiasson Bo , Mulaa Francis Jakim 
Published: May 2018

Background:Alkaline enzymes are stable biocatalysts with potential applications in industrial technologies that offer high quality products.Objective:The growing demand for alkaline enzymes in industry has enhanced the search for microorganisms that produce these enzymes.Methods:Eighteen bacterial isolates from Lake Bogoria, Kenya, were screened for alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases; characterized and subjected to quantitative analysis of the enzymes they produced.Results:The screening analysis ranked 14, 16 and 18 of the bacterial isolates as potent producers of alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases, respectively. The isolates were classified into two groups: Group 1 (16 isolates) were facultatively alkaliphilicB. haloduranswhile group 2 (2 isolates) were obligately alkaliphilicB. pseudofirmus. Further analysis revealed that group 1 isolates were divided into two sub-groups, with sub-group I (4 isolates) being a phenotypic variant sub-population of sub-group II (12 isolates). Variation between the two populations was also observed in their enzymatic production profilese.g. sub-group I isolates did not produce alkaline proteolytic enzymes while those in sub-group II did so (0.01-0.36 U/ml). Furthermore, they produced higher levels of the alkaline pectinolytic enzyme polygalacturonase (0.12-0.46 U/ml) compared to sub-group II isolates (0.05-0.10 U/ml), which also produced another pectinolytic enzyme - pectate lyase (0.01 U/ml). No clear distinction was however, observed in the production profiles of alkaline amylolytic enzymes by the isolates in the two sub-populations [0.20-0.40 U/ml (amylases), 0.24-0.68 U/ml (pullulanases) and 0.01-0.03 U/ml (cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases)]. On the other hand, group 2 isolates were phenotypically identical to one another and also produced similar amounts of proteolytic (0.38, 0.40 U/ml) and amylolytic [amylases (0.06, 0.1 U/ml), pullulanases (0.06, 0.09 U/ml) and cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases (0.01, 0.02 U/ml)] enzymes.Conclusion:The facultatively alkaliphilicB. haloduransand obligately alkaliphilicB. pseudofirmusisolates are attractive biotechnological sources of industrially important alkaline enzymes.
Design and Experiment of a Replant Crops Separating Garlic Harvester
Authors: Tian Zhonglai , Zhao Ying , Sui Yongxiang , Hou Jialin , Sun Qun , Wang Chong , Wang Zhenyou , Zhao Ling 
Published: May 2018

Background:Garlic is one of the main economic crops in China and the planting area is increasing quickly. But the harvest process of the garlic mainly relies on manual digging, resulting in low harvest efficiency and high cost.Objective:In order to improve the efficiency of garlic harvest, and achieve the mechanization of garlic harvest. The study presents a new design of a garlic harvesting machine that can perform automatic processing and deal with the issue of garlic harvesting.Methods:Firstly, the three-dimensional model of the whole machine and the key mechanism is established and the parameters of the system are calculated by theoretical calculation. Then, the simulation be made and the design be optimized. Finally, the design was processed into a product. It employs an isolation mechanism and positioned cutting mechanism to isolate garlic and crop stubbles and keep the length of the remaining garlic straw consistent.Results:The results of field harvest experiments show that the miss digging rate, miss cutting rate and injury rate of the harvester are as low as 1.23%, 3.13% and 0.68% respectively, and the harvest efficiency is 0.06km2/h.Conclusion:The advantages of the harvester such as high harvesting rate, low damage rate, strong adaptability and high versatility, effectively improve the working efficiency, reduce the labor intensity and the harvest cost.
Comparison of Vitamin D Serum Values between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lupus Populations: An Observational Study
Authors: Maryam Sahebari , Atabati Elham , Yalda Ravanshad 
Published: May 2018

Background:In recent years, the role of Vitamin D (VitD), as an immunomedulator in autoimmune diseases, has been evaluated in basic science and practice. There is a considerable volume of data on the effect of VitD position in lupus and rheumatoid arthritis exacerbation.Objective:This study aims to compare VitD serum values in lupus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in the geographical region of northeastern Iran.Methods:Lupus and RA Patients were selected with various disease activity levels. All the patients received an equal amount of VitD supplementation and were selected by the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. VitD serum values were measured by a commercial ELISA kit. Data were analyzed in SPSS-15.Results:A total of 148 SLE and 156 RA patients were studied. VitD serum levels were 66.54±41.2 nmol/l in the SLE group and 83.74±46.45 nmol/l in the RA group. Statistical analysis showed that VitD serum levels were lower in lupus patients than RA ones (p=0.006).Conclusion:Since VitD deficiency is very common in Iran, physiologic doses of VitD supplementation in patients lead to higher serum levels of VitD. Lower VitD values in lupus patients compared with RA ones may stem from intestinal malabsorption, higher doses of corticosteroid therapy, renal involvement and proteinuria, different polymorphisms of VitD receptors, and more sun protection strategies in lupus patients.
Feeding Value of Maize Stover Treated with Urea or Urea Molasses for Hararghe Highland Sheep
Authors: Abera Fitsum , Urge Mengistu , Animut Getachew 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:The present trial was designed to investigate the effect of urea or urea molasses treatment of maize stover (MS) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and profitability of sheep. Twenty yearling male lambs of Hararghe Highland breed at the initial body weight of 15.4 ± 0.57 (mean ± SD) kg.Experiment:The experimental animals were sorted into five blocks based on the initial weight and assigned randomly to four treatments; namely, untreated maize stover ad libitum (T1); urea treated maize stover (UTMS) ad libitum (T2); urea-molasses treated maize stover (UMTMS) ad libitum (T3); all of which were supplemented with 300g concentrate mix of wheat bran (WB) and noug seed cake (NSC) at the ratio of 2:1 and only urea-molasses treated maize stover ad libitum (T4). Feeding trial was carried out for ninety days and digestibility trial for seven days following 3 days of adaptation to the metabolic cage and carrying the fecal collection bag.Results:The result depicted that the content of crude protein (CP) is 5.9, 8, 10, 30.1, and 17.2%, for MS, UTMS, UMTMS, NSC and WB respectively. Total DM intake was higher for T2 (700.7 g/day) and T3 (770.9 g/day) than sheep fed T1 (538.28 g/day) and T4 (481.4 g/day). Apparent DM and CP digestibility were higher for T2 and T3 than T1 and T4. Hence, urea or urea-molasses treated maize stover with concentrate supplement had a good impact on feed intake and digestibility. Conversely, urea-molasses treated maize stover alone failed to improve the feeding value of MS. Therefore, MS treatment with urea and urea-molasses with energy and protein source of supplement has a desirable alternative in enhancing the utilization of maize stover.
Harnessing Social Media to Explore Youth Social Withdrawal in Three Major Cities in China: Cross-Sectional Web Survey
Authors: Liu Lucia Lin , Li Tim MH , Teo Alan R , Kato Takahiro A , Wong Paul WC 
Published: May 2018

Background
Socially withdrawn youth belong to an emerging subgroup of youth who are not in employment, education, or training and who have limited social interaction intention and opportunities. The use of the internet and social media is expected to be an alternative and feasible way to reach this group of young people because of their reclusive nature.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of using various social media platforms to investigate the existence of the phenomenon of youth social withdrawal in 3 major cities in China.

Methods
A cross-sectional open Web survey was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 to identify and reach socially withdrawn youth in 3 metropolitan cities in China: Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. To advertise the survey, 3 social media platforms were used: Weibo, WeChat, and Wandianba, a social networking gaming website.

Results
In total, 137 participants completed the survey, among whom 13 (9.5%) were identified as belonging to the withdrawal group, 7 (5.1%) to the asocial group, and 9 (6.6%) to the hikikomori group (both withdrawn and asocial for more than 3 months). The cost of recruitment via Weibo was US $7.27 per participant.

Conclusions
Several social media platforms in China are viable and inexpensive tools to reach socially withdrawn youth, and internet platforms that specialize in a certain culture or type of entertainment appeared to be more effective in reaching socially withdrawn youth.
PERBEDAAN PENGGUNAAN DRAIN DAN TANPA PENGGUNAAN DRAIN INTRA ABDOMEN TERHADAP LAMA PERAWATAN PASCAOPERASI LAPAROTOMI APENDISITIS PERFORASI
Authors: Indra Rahmadi , Bagus B.S.A Ida , Alfianto Untung 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKApendisitis menjadi salah satu kasus bedah abdomen yang paling sering terjadi di dunia.Apendisitis perforasi berhubungan dengan tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi. Peradangan akut pada apendiks perforasi memerlukan tindakan pembedahan segera untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi berbahaya. Tindakan pascabedah sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah komplikasi lanjutan. Pemasangan drain diharapkan mampu menurunkan risiko komplikasi abses intra-abdominal, meskipun demikian, drain intraabdomen setelah operasi apendisitis dalam kasus apendisitis perforasi masih kontroversi. Ada beberapa ahli bedah yang memilih untuk tidak memasang drain pasca bedah. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada perbedaan penggunaan drain dan tanpa penggunaan drain intra abdomen terhadap lama perawatan pascaoperasi laparotomi apendisitis perforasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pasien apendisitis perforasi yang pasca-apendiktomi, dengan total sampel 20. Teknik sampling menggunakan random sampling. Jenis penelitian ini desain eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan metode Posstest-Only Control Design. Dalam rancangan ini sampel dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu, kelompok I dilakukan pemasangan drain intra abdomen dan kelompok II tidak dilakukan pemasangan drain kemudian dilakukan follow up untuk menilai lamanya perawatan pascaoperasi pada apendisitis perforasi. Mayoritas pasien pascaoperasi apendisitis perforasi berumur antara 40-60 tahun (45%). Penyembuhan luka dan terjadinya komplikasi pasien pascaoperasi apendisitis perforasi baik yang dipasang drain maupun yang tidak dipasang drain semuanya mengalami proses penyembuhan luka dengan baik (100%) dan tidak ada yang mengalami komplikasi (100%). Lama perawatan pasien tanpa dipasang drain tercepat perawatan 4 hari dan paling lama 6 hari, sedangkan yang dipasang drain cenderung lebih lama, yaitu tercepat 5 hari dan terlama 8 hari. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara lama perawatan pasien pasca operasi apendisitis perforasi dengan yang dipasang drain dengan yang tidak dipasang drain dengan nilai p=0,001. Secara statistik terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara lama perawatan pasien pascaoperasi apendisitis perforasi dengan yang dipasang drain dengan yang tidak dipasang drain. Kata Kunci: Drain Apendisitis Perforasi, Lama Perawatan
STATUS SEROLOGIS TIDAK MEMPENGARUHI PROFIL HEMATOLOGI ANAK TERINFEKSI VIRUS DENGUE
Authors: Jatmiko Safari Wahyu 
Published: May 2018

Antibodi anti dengue bersifat autoantibodi yang bisa merusak self antigen. Respon imun humoral terhadap DENV adalah terbentuknya IgM dan IgG yang spesifik terhadap sub tipe DENV penyebab. Jika IgG dan IgM anti degue bersifat autoantibodi maka secara teoritis pasien dengan status serologis IgM (+) dan IgG +) akan mempunyai profil hematologi yang lebih buruk dari pada pasien dengan IgG (+).Penelitian ini bertjuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan profil hematologi menurut status serologi pada anak terinfeksi virus dengue. Penelitian menggunakan desian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data diambil dari pasien anak di RSUD Surakarta dari bulan September 2016 – Januari 2017. Kriteria pasien yang diikutkan dalam penelitian adalah semua pasien anak dengan usia kurang dari 14 tahun dan memenuhi kriteria infeksi virus dengue menurut WHO 2009. Pasien dengan riwayat kelainan hematologi dan pasien dengan riwayat immunocompremised dikeluarkan dari penelitian.Hasil penelitian ditemukan 65 pasien dengan IVD yang memenuhi kriteria.Tujuh belas pasien dengan IgM dan IgG positif sedangkan sisanya hanya IgG positif Hasil penelitian perbedaan profil hematologi jumlah leukosit, trombosit, hematokrit, dan hemoglobin berdasarkan status IgM (+) IgG (+) dengan IgG (+) didapatkan nilai p masing-masing 0.833, 0,865, 0,137, 0,086, dan 0,223. Dapat disimpilkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan profil hematologi antara pasien dengan IgM (+) IgG (+) dengan pasien IgG (+). Kata Kunci: infeksi virus dengue, antibodi anti dengue, autoantibodi, profil hematologi.
Implikasi Yuridis Riwayat tentang Kesalahan Penulisan dalam Mushaf Usmani
Authors: Rajafi Ahmad 
Published: May 2018

The history of writing error in the Qur'an derived from Aisha and justified by Khalifa Uthman bin Affan received a different responses among Islamic researchers, both from the strictly rejecting that history of writing (riwayat) until to those who accepted the existence the riwayat but with different "reading". On the legal side (juridical), the existence of that riwayat can result in juridical implications, especially in the methodological aspect. Such thought is not driven by the negative domain, but it must be in a positive domain, where the existence of that riwayat provides more progressive and responsive ijtihad, whether the answer is for the diversion to the difference of qiraâ€™at or not, the Islamic texts will be read more critically, so the legal purpose of â€œsuitable in every time and placeâ€ would be reached.
Khilafah Islamiyyah: dari Wahdah Al-Dawlah menuju Wahdah Al-Ummah
Authors: Mashduqi Muhammad Anis 
Published: May 2018

Perdebatan tentang KhilÄfah IslÄmÄ«yyah belum menunjukkan tanda akan berakhir. Pada saat itu pula, perjuangan beberapa gerakan Islam untuk kembali menegakkan KhilÄfah IslÄmÄ«yyah semakin menguat saja. Upaya mengurai permasalahan KhilÄfah IslÄmÄ«yyah ibarat menyelam dalam banjir air bah di mana seseorang bisa saja selamat akan tetapi bisa saja tenggelam di dalamnya. Al-SanhÅ«rÄ«, salah satu pemikir Islam terkenal, menawarkan gagasan untuk mengubah konsep KhilÄfah IslÄmÄ«yyah sebagai wahÌ£dah al-dawlahÂ yang mengandaikan peleburan negara-negara menuju wahÌ£dah al-`ummah (kesatuan umat) dengan mewujudkan suatu lembaga multi-nasional yang akan memperjuangkan prinsip-prinsip Islam di belahan dunia manapun.