bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined In Situ Illumination‐NMR‐UV/Vis Spectroscopy: A New Mechanistic Tool in Photochemistry
Authors: Seegerer Andreas , Nitschke Philipp , Gschwind Ruth M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSynthetic applications in photochemistry are booming. Despite great progress in the development of new reactions, mechanistic investigations are still challenging. Therefore, we present a fully automated in situ combination of NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and illumination to allow simultaneous and time‐resolved detection of paramagnetic and diamagnetic species. This optical fiber‐based setup enables the first acquisition of combined UV/Vis and NMR spectra in photocatalysis, as demonstrated on a conPET process. Furthermore, the broad applicability of combined UVNMR spectroscopy for light‐induced processes is demonstrated on a structural and quantitative analysis of a photoswitch, including rate modulation and stabilization of transient species by temperature variation. Owing to the flexibility regarding the NMR hardware, temperature, and light sources, we expect wide‐ranging applications of this setup in various research fields.
An Organogold(III) Difluoride with a trans Arrangement
Authors: Pérez‐Bitrián Alberto , Baya Miguel , Casas José M. , Martín Antonio , Menjón Babil , Orduna Jesús 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe trans isomer of the organogold(III) difluoride complex [PPh4][(CF3)2AuF2] has been obtained in a stereoselective way and in excellent yield by reaction of [PPh4][CF3AuCF3] with XeF2 under mild conditions. The compound is both thermally stable and reactive. Thus, the fluoride ligands are stereospecifically replaced by any heavier halide or by cyanide, the cyanide affording [PPh4][trans‐(CF3)2Au(CN)2]. The organogold fluoride complexes [CF3AuFx]− (x=1, 2, 3) have been experimentally detected to arise upon collision‐induced dissociation of the [trans‐(CF3)2AuF2]− anion in the gas phase. Their structures have been calculated by DFT methods. In the isomeric forms identified for the open‐shell species [CF3AuF2]−, the spin density residing on the metal center is found to strongly depend on the precise stereochemistry. Based on crystallographic evidence, it is concluded that Auiii and Agiii have similar covalent radii, at least in their most common square‐planar geometry.
Electronic Communication between two [10]cycloparaphenylenes and Bis(azafullerene) (C59N)2 Induced by Cooperative Complexation
Authors: Rio Jérémy , Beeck Sebastian , Rotas Georgios , Ahles Sebastian , Jacquemin Denis , Tagmatarchis Nikos , Ewels Chris , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe complex of [10]cycloparaphenylene ([10]CPP) with bis(azafullerene) (C59N)2 is investigated experimentally and computationally. Two [10]CPP rings are bound to the dimeric azafullerene giving [10]CPP⊃(C59N)2⊂[10]CPP. Photophysical and redox properties support an electronic interaction between the components especially when the second [10]CPP is bound. Unlike [10]CPP⊃C60, in which there is negligible electronic communication between the two species, upon photoexcitation a partial charge transfer phenomenon is revealed between [10]CPP and (C59N)2 reminiscent of CPP‐encapsulated metallofullerenes. Such an alternative electron‐rich fullerene species demonstrates C60‐like ground‐state properties and metallofullerene‐like excited‐state properties opening new avenues for construction of functional supramolecular architectures with organic materials.
Simultaneous plasticization and blending of isolate soy protein with poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate] by one‐step extrusion process
Authors: Renoux Jennifer , Dani Jagadeesh , Douchain Catherine , Prashantha Kalappa , Krawczak Patricia 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on the preparation of isolated soy protein plasticized by a glycerol and water mixture/poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate] blends by an original single step extrusion process. Prepared blends were injection‐molded and characterized for their molecular interaction, morphology, rheological, thermal, dynamic mechanical, and mechanical properties. The comparison of these results with those obtained using a more regular two‐step compounding process validates the technical efficiency of this cost‐effective one‐step approach. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46442.
Fabrication of citric acid crosslinked β‐cyclodextrin/hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel films for controlled delivery of poorly soluble drugs
Authors: Sampatrao Ghorpade Vishwajeet , Vyankatrao Yadav Adhikrao , Jacky Dias Remeth , Krishnat Mali Kailas 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTβ‐cyclodextrin grafted hydroxyethylcellulose (βCD‐g‐HEC) hydrogel films were prepared for the controlled release of poorly soluble model drug (ketoconazole) using citric acid as crosslinking agent. The active βCD and carboxyl content of the hydrogel films were determined by phenolphthalein assay and acid–base titration. The films were characterized by solid state 13C NMR, ATR–FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetric, and analyzed for tensile strength, swelling ratio, drug loading, release, hemocompatibility, in vitro cytotoxicity, and implantation test. An increase in the concentration of βCD in feed increased the active βCD content of the hydrogel films but reduced their extent of interpolymer crosslinking. The βCD‐g‐HEC hydrogel films with high active βCD content showed maximum drug loading whereas those with high crosslinking density were capable of controlling the drug release for long duration. Hemolysis assay and in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed the biocompatible nature of the hydrogel films whereas implantation test indicated their minimal inflammatory effect. From the overall results, βCD‐g‐HEC hydrogel films were found to be better alternative to the previously reported βCD‐HPMC and βCD‐CMC hydrogel films for enhanced loading and long‐term release, respectively, of the poorly soluble drugs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46452.
Effects of different catalysts on the structure and properties of polyurethane/water glass grouting materials
Authors: Zhang Qian , Hu Xiang‐Ming , Wu Ming‐Yue , Zhao Yan‐Yun , Yu Chuang 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTPolyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) grouting materials were prepared in presence of different proportions of catalyst. The effects of catalyst on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and chemical cross‐sectional morphologies of the grouting materials were also investigated. Catalyst addition can significantly increase the chemical reaction rate, reduce the gel time and curing time, and improve the thermal stability of PU/WG grouting materials. It was found that the grouting material containing 0.1 wt % BDMA + 0.1 wt % DBTDL demonstrated high fluidity, short curing time, and high early‐stage and late‐stage (up to 66.1 MPa) compression strengths. However, when the content of the added catalyst was equal to 0.5 wt %, fine cracks were formed in the material structure accompanied by the detachment of spherical particles from the PU matrix, which significantly deteriorated its mechanical properties. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46460.
Nursery pre‐treatment positively affects reintroduced plant performance via plant pre‐conditioning, but not via maternal effects
Authors: Brancaleoni Lisa , Gerdol Renato , Abeli Thomas , Corli Anna , Rossi Graziano , Orsenigo Simone 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Pre‐release treatments have long been neglected in plant translocation science, despite being crucial for reintroduction success. Practitioners sometimes adopt acclimation and pre‐treatment to reduce environmentally mediated shocks at the recipient site, although the effects of these techniques are unclear. The conditions experienced during cultivation may affect the performance of plants once released.
The influence of the cultivation environment, and the maternal effects from fertilizer and salt treatments, on post‐release performance were investigated on Kosteletzkya pentacarpos, a threatened plant species growing in coastal wetlands.
Two experimental translocation sites, representing the opposite ends of the ecological range of K. pentacarpos, were chosen: one was a nutrient‐rich, freshwater site and the other was a nutrient‐poor, brackish water site. Treatment with salt had negligible effects on performance, whereas fertilization positively affected the vegetative and reproductive performance of maternal plants throughout the growing season. Pre‐treatment effects were most evident at the highest nutrient site, however, suggesting that pre‐treatment could be connected to ‘memory’ in plants. No maternal effects were observed.
Overall, results show that pre‐treatment can increase the chances of survival and improve the performance of translocated plants at the recipient site. From an applied conservation perspective, ex situ cultivation and nursing conditions may play a key role in establishing self‐sustaining populations during plant translocation. These results have important implications for the use of K. pentacarpos for the restoration of saline wetlands, especially outside of its native range, but also for the conservation of the species via conservation translocation in general.
Effect of the insect phenoloxidase on the metabolism of l‐DOPA
Authors: Wu Kai , Han Fang , Yuan Yi , Liu Yining , Ling Erjun , Wang Qian , Huang Wuren 
Published: March 2018

AbstractInsect prophenoloxidase (PPO) induces melanization around pathogens. Before melanization, PPO is cleaved into phenoloxidase (PO) by serine proteases. Insect PPO can also be activated by exogenous proteases secreted by pathogens as well as by other compounds, such as ethanol and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). However, the effect of these activators on the activity of PO is unclear. In this study, the insect endogenous serine protease AMM1, α‐chymotrypsin, and ethanol were used to activate recombinant Drosophila PPO1 (rPPO1), and the PO activity differed depending on the activator applied. The PO‐induced intermediates during melanization also varied markedly in their numbers and abundances. Therefore, this study indicates that the mechanism of PPO activation influences PO activity. It also suggests that PO‐induced different intermediates may affect the antibacterial activity during melanization due to their toxicity.
Geophysical prospection pilot in rock‐cut tombs: The case study of Anghelu Ruju necropolis (Sardinia)
Authors: Testone Valeria , Longo Vittorio , Mameli Paola , Rovina Daniela 
Published: March 2018

AbstractElectrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted in the Anghelu Ruju hypogeic necropolis in northern Sardinia (Italy). The main purpose was to calibrate both techniques on a known and already dug tomb. After the calibration the survey was extended to a neighbouring unexplored area with the aim to demonstrate new hypogeic structures. A comparison of the high‐resolution GPR and ERT models was made, and their results are discussed in terms of providing a more complete picture that would not be attainable using a single method. Several anomalies were identified that might represent previously unknown rock‐cut tombs and burial sites in the central part of the investigated area.
Correlation of High‐Density Lipoprotein–Associated Paraoxonase 1 Activity With Systemic Inflammation, Disease Activity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Psoriatic Disease
Authors: Husni M. Elaine , Wilson Tang W. H. , Lucke Michael , Chandrasekharan U. M. , Brennan Danielle M. , Hazen Stanley L. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo compare the activity of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)–associated paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in patients with psoriasis (PsO) and patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to evaluate the association of PON1 activity with the extent of disease activity and severity of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in these patients.MethodsSerum levels of paraoxonase and arylesterase activity (both measures of PON1 function in humans) were measured in patients with PsA (n = 198, 51.0% male) and patients with PsO (n = 145, 50.3% male) who were enrolled in a longitudinal psoriatic disease biorepository. Data on PsA disease activity (using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints [DAS28], Clinical Disease Activity Index, and painful/swollen joint counts), preexistent CVD and CVD risk factors (including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking), Framingham Risk Scores for CVD, quality of life measures, and laboratory test findings (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein level, and lipid profiles) were recorded.ResultsSerum arylesterase activities were significantly lower in patients with PsO and patients with PsA (mean ± SD 111.1 ± 25.5 μmoles/minute/ml and 124.4 ± 33.4 μmoles/minute/ml, respectively) compared to healthy controls (144.3 ± 33.4 μmoles/minute/ml) (each P < 0.001 versus healthy controls). Serum arylesterase activity decreased in parallel with increasing levels of disease activity (DAS28 scores, P = 0.012), older age (P = 0.013), higher body mass index (P = 0.042), greater incidence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.004) and hypertension (P = 0.014), and worsening Framingham Risk Scores (P = 0.001). However, no correlation was seen between serum arylesterase activity and the extent of disease activity or CVD burden in patients with PsO. Serum paraoxonase activity trended lower both in patients with PsO and in patients with PsA (each P = 0.073 versus healthy controls). However, no association was seen between serum paraoxonase activity and the extent of disease activity or CVD burden in either of the patient cohorts.ConclusionPON1 activity is decreased in psoriatic diseases. In the PsA cohort, decreases in arylesterase activity correlated with increasing severity of joint disease and CVD burden. Arylesterase activity, as compared to paraoxonase activity, appeared to serve as a more sensitive predictor of preexisting CV risk factors in the PsA cohort. However, this correlation was not observed in the PsO population.
Chemistry of Metallacyclobutadienes
Authors: Cui Mingxu , Lin Ran , Jia Guochen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMetallacyclobutadienes are analogues of cyclobutadienes in which one of the cyclobutadiene CR groups has been formally replaced by a transition‐metal fragment. These metallacycles are interesting because they can play an important role in catalysis and can serve as starting materials for the syntheses of organometallic compounds such as metallabenzene, η5‐cyclopentadienyl, and η3‐cyclopropenyl complexes. Unlike cyclobutadienes, metallacyclobutadienes can be significantly more stable. A number of metallacyclobutadienes have now been isolated and thoroughly characterized, especially for those that contain transition metals of groups 5–9. Their properties have also been actively investigated. This article highlights the chemistry of metallacyclobutadienes with reference to their syntheses, reactivity, and structural properties.
Chiral Metal–Organic Framework Hollow Nanospheres for High‐Efficiency Enantiomer Separation
Authors: Wang Xiaoshi , Zhu Yanan , Liu Jian , Liu Chang , Cao Changyan , Song Weiguo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractChiral ZIF‐8 hollow nanospheres with d‐histidine as part of chiral ligands (denoted as H‐d‐his‐ZIF‐8) were prepared for separation of (±)‐amine acids. Compared to bulk d‐his‐ZIF‐8 without a hollow cavity, the prepared H‐d‐his‐ZIF‐8 showed 15 times higher separation capacity and higher ee values of 90.5 % for alanine, 95.2 % for glutamic acid and 92.6 % for lysine, respectively.
Uniform Quantized Synchronization for Chaotic Neural Networks with Successive Packet Dropouts
Authors: Niu Yichun , Sheng Li 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of uniform quantized synchronization is investigated for chaotic neural networks with packet dropouts. By means of the stochastic analysis approach and inequality technique, sufficient conditions are derived under which the synchronization error system is exponentially ultimately bounded in mean square. Finally, a numerical example is provided to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed results.
An Adaptive Passivity‐Based Controller of a Buck‐Boost Converter with a Constant Power Load
Authors: He Wei , Ortega Romeo , Machado Juan E. , Li Shihua 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of regulating the output voltage of a DC‐DC buck‐boost converter feeding a constant power load, which is a problem of current practical interest. Designing a stabilising controller is theoretically challenging because its average model is a bilinear second order system that, due to the presence of the constant power load, is non‐minimum phase with respect to both states. Moreover, to design a high‐performance controller, the knowledge of the extracted load power, which is difficult to measure in industrial applications, is required. In this paper, an adaptive interconnection and damping assignment passivity‐based control—that incorporates the immersion and invariance parameter estimator for the load power—is proposed to solve the problem. Some detailed simulations are provided to validate the transient behaviour of the proposed controller and compare it with the performance of a classical PD scheme.
Understanding environmental contributions to autism: Causal concepts and the state of science
Authors: Hertz‐Picciotto Irva , Schmidt Rebecca J. , Krakowiak Paula 
Published: March 2018

The complexity of neurodevelopment, the rapidity of early neurogenesis, and over 100 years of research identifying environmental influences on neurodevelopment serve as backdrop to understanding factors that influence risk and severity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This Keynote Lecture, delivered at the May 2016 annual meeting of the International Society for Autism Research, describes concepts of causation, outlines the trajectory of research on nongenetic factors beginning in the 1960s, and briefly reviews the current state of this science. Causal concepts are introduced, including root causes; pitfalls in interpreting time trends as clues to etiologic factors; susceptible time windows for exposure; and implications of a multi‐factorial model of ASD. An historical background presents early research into the origins of ASD. The epidemiologic literature from the last fifteen years is briefly but critically reviewed for potential roles of, for example, air pollution, pesticides, plastics, prenatal vitamins, lifestyle and family factors, and maternal obstetric and metabolic conditions during her pregnancy. Three examples from the case‐control CHildhood Autism Risks from Genes and the Environment Study are probed to illustrate methodological approaches to central challenges in observational studies: capturing environmental exposure; causal inference when a randomized controlled clinical trial is either unethical or infeasible; and the integration of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences on development. We conclude with reflections on future directions, including exposomics, new technologies, the microbiome, gene‐by‐environment interaction in the era of –omics, and epigenetics as the interface of those two. As the environment is malleable, this research advances the goal of a productive and fulfilling life for all children, teen‐agers and adults. Autism Res 2018, 11: 554–586. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis Keynote Lecture, delivered at the 2016 meeting of the International Society for Autism Research, discusses evidence from human epidemiologic studies of prenatal factors contributing to autism, such as pesticides, maternal nutrition and her health. There is no single cause for autism. Examples highlight the features of a high‐quality epidemiology study, and what comprises a compelling case for causation. Emergent research directions hold promise for identifying potential interventions to reduce disabilities, enhance giftedness, and improve lives of those with ASD.
The psychrotrophic yeast Sporobolomyces roseus LOCK 1119 as a source of a highly active aspartic protease for the in vitro production of antioxidant peptides
Authors: Białkowska Aneta M. , Krysiak Joanna , Florczak Tomasz , Szulczewska Katarzyna M. , Wanarska Marta , Turkiewicz Marianna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA psychrotrophic yeast strain producing a cold‐adapted protease at low temperature was classified as Sporobolomyces roseus. In standard YPG medium, S. roseus LOCK 1119 synthesized an extracellular protease with an activity of approximately 560 U/L. Optimization of medium composition and process temperature considerably enhanced enzyme biosynthesis; an approximate 70% increase in activity (2060 U/L). The native enzyme was purified to homogeneity by cation exchange chromatography followed by a size exclusion step, resulting in a 103‐fold increase in specific activity (660 U/mg) with 25% recovery. The enzyme displayed 10%–30% of its maximum activity at 0–25 °C, with the optimum temperature being 50°C. Protease G8 was strongly inactivated by pepstatin A, an aspartic protease inhibitor. The enzyme was used to hydrolyze four natural substrates, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated against 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl. The highest antioxidant activity (69%) was recorded for beef casein.
A microscale HPLC‐UV method for the determination of latamoxef in plasma: An adapted method for therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates
Authors: Dong Qian , Shi Hai‐Yan , Kou Chen , Huang Xin , Shen A‐Dong , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLatamoxef, a broad‐spectrum anti‐bacterial agent of the β‐lactam antibiotics, is used off‐label in treatment of neonatal sepsis. Large inter‐individual variability and uncertainty of treatment make therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) useful to optimize antimicrobial therapy. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a simple, selective and reliable HPLC method for the determination of latamoxef in small volumes of plasma, which could be used in neonatal TDM. After a simple protein precipitation, analytes were separated with liquid chromatography and quantified by UV detection, with tinidazole as the internal standard. The calibration range was linear from 3.0 to 60.0 μg/mL. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were < 7.2%. The acceptance criteria of accuracy (between 85 and 115%, 120% for lower limit of quantification) were met in all cases. A plasma volume of 50 μL was required to achieve the limit of quantification of 3.0 μg/mL. The TDM results showed a large variability in trough concentrations. A large number of patients were underdosed, highlighting the unmet need for TDM to optimize latamoxef therapy in neonates.