bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classroom coliving climate: nature, measurement, effects and implications for social education. A cross-cultural study
Authors: Alonso Tapia Jesús , Simón Cecilia , López-Valle Nuria , Ulate María Alexandra , Biehl María Loreto 
Published: October 2019

Este artículo tiene tres objetivos, después de proponer un modelo inicial de clima de convivencia en el aula: desarrollar dos medidas para probar su validez, probar su utilidad para analizar las diferencias entre las aulas y hacerlo en dos países diferentes. El modelo inicial incluye siete patrones de interacción que, si están presentes, favorecen la inclusión social de los estudiantes. El primer cuestionario evalúa el clima de clase percibido por el alumno y el segundo, el grado en que el alumno interactúa de acuerdo con el modelo. Los participantes fueron 2581 estudiantes de secundaria, 2038 de Costa Rica y 543 de España. Para probar el ajuste del modelo, se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios, validación cruzada y análisis multigrupo. También se realizaron análisis de correlación y regresión para determinar la validez discriminante y concurrente utilizando como criterio una medida de integración social. Se utilizaron los análisis ANOVA para probar las diferencias entre las aulas (η2 entre .19 y .28). Los resultados, similares en ambos países, mostraron que ambos cuestionarios tenían una validez estructural adecuada (CFI entre .94 y .97), y una validez concurrente y discriminante (r predictor-criterio entre .37 y .44; p < .0001). Debido a la naturaleza de su contenido, los cuestionarios se pueden utilizar para planificar intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la organización y evaluar su eficacia.
This paper has three objectives, after proposing an initial model of classroom coliving climate: to develop two measures to test its validity, to test their usefulness for analyzing differences between classrooms, and to do it in two different countries. The initial model includes seven interaction patterns that, if present, favor the students’ social inclusion. The first questionnaire assesses the classroom coliving climate perceived by the student, and the second, the degree in which the student interacts according to the model. Participants were 2581 Secondary-School students, 2038 from Costa Rica and 543 from Spain. To test model-fit, confirmatory factor analyses, cross validation and multi-group analyses were carried out. Correlation and regression analyses were also carried out to determine discriminant and concurrent validity using as criteria a measure of social integration. ANOVA analyses were used to test for differences between classrooms (η2 between .19 and .28). Results, similar in both countries, showed that both questionnaires had adequate structural validity (CFI between .94 and .97), and discriminant and concurrent validity (r predictors-criterion between .37 and .44; p < .0001). Due to the nature of their content, the questionnaires can be used for planning interventions aimed at improving coliving, and for assessing their effectiveness.
An Economic Analysis of Rice Production in Pakistan: A Case Study
Authors: Bashir Bilal , Nawaz Bilal , Sattar Saira 
Published: October 2019

Rice is the second-largest crop in Pakistan as it contributes 1.3% share in the GDP of Pakistan.
For the last couple of year’s rice economy is caught up in a very complex situation. The present study was designed to find the yield gap, cost of production, technical efficiency and BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) in rice production. To achieve the study objectives, data were collected from 150 respondents. These respondents were selected from eight villages of District Sheikhupura by using a purposive random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a well-developed and pre-tested questionnaire by conducting personnel interviews.
Results of descriptive analysis showed that the average farm size of the farmers was 14.85 acres. BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) of fine and coarse rice varieties were 1.13 and 1.11, respectively. To Support rice production and to minimize the farmer’s losses, the Government should announce the support price of rice. The cost of production can be reduced by imposing strict vigilance and control over the input supplier.
Design and Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient Biomass Gasifier Cook Stove Using Multi Fuels
Authors: Odesola Isaac F. , Ige Ebenezer O. , Yunus Idris O. 
Published: October 2019

Since the beginning of civilization, cooking has been done by using biomass as fuel. They are used in stoves which cause wastage of fuel and also health problems. Thus, there is the need to analyze the thermal performance of a developed cook stove that operates on multifuel conditions. The stove was designed to work on sawdust, wood, groundnut and charcoal as the primary fuel. Prior to fabrication, design parameters were obtained using the appropriate governing equations. Inputs were further made to simplify the construction of the stove and to minimize heat loss to the surroundings. A thermal efficiency of 32.18%, 80.10%, 38.73% and 50.33% was achieved when the stove was fuelled with charcoal, sawdust, wood and groundnut husk respectively. The highest flame temperature was recorded as 205ºC when wood was used as fuel. The highest stove body temperature recorded was 56ºC. Wood took the shortest time (20 mins) to boil water compared to sawdust, charcoal and groundnut husk which took 29, 23 and 27 minutes respectively for 2 kg of water. The developed cook stove was found to be energy efficient for domestic cooking especially in the rural communities of Nigeria. Although it has the potential to save fuel, further research could be carried out in the aspect of removing CO emission.
Scanning Arrays
Authors: Navarro Julio A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Antenna scanning arrays use integrated phase shifters and/or time‐delay units at each antenna element to provide agile directional beams in a given direction. This directional agility satisfies an increasing number of military and commercial applications. In military applications, large ground‐based, airborne, and space‐based phased‐array apertures provide unique capabilities for radar and directional communication systems. Similarly, wideband, low‐latency commercial 5G and 6G connectivity needs are met using similar, albeit much lower cost, electronically scanned phased‐array antennas. This article describes the fundamental properties and limitations of array antennas, including the parameters that constrain their gain, beamwidth, and bandwidth, along with the phenomena of grating lobes. Several real‐world examples of functioning phased arrays are included along with details on pattern synthesis and adaptive control algorithms. Last, there is a description of array architectures as appropriate to the three basic means of control, using analog, optical, and digital beamforming methods.
Both‐In‐One Rapid Detection and Removal of Methylmercury in Real Complex Aquatic Environments Using a Janus Confined SERS Filter Membrane
Authors: Guo Xiao , Cai Xin , Lei Fengcai , Jiao Yang , Zhao Xiaofei , Li Zhen , Zhang Chao , Man Baoyuan , Yu Jing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) filter membrane based on a Janus copper/poly(vinylidene fluoride)/zinc oxide/silver/zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (Cu/PVDF/ZnO/Ag/ZIF‐8, J‐CPZAZ) is designed in this work, which can extract and enrich methylmercury (MeHg) from real samples containing various sizes and types of interferents into the PVDF/ZnO/Ag/ZIF‐8 SERS enhancement unit directly within 2 min. Combined with the microcavity structure in PVDF/ZnO/Ag/ZIF‐8, J‐CPZAZ can also localize the incident light at the same position. This co‐confinement effect of “hotspot‐molecule” effectively lowers the limit of detection of MeHg to 10−10 m. Interestingly, a controllable wettability of J‐CPZAZ endows it with good oil‐water separation function for separating various kinds of MeHg extractant (>95%) from mixed aqueous solution. Based on these features, a dual‐layer J‐CPZAZ filter membrane is further successfully fabricated, enabling both‐in‐one detection and removal of MeHg from real water environments. In the experiments, real water samples are selected from six different water areas in Shandong Province, China, for relevant tests and compared the results with those obtained using traditional gas chromatography. The results demonstrate that the dual‐layer J‐CPZAZ filter membrane exhibits both high MeHg removal efficiency (≈100%) and detection accuracy (average error < 1.8%), showcasing great application potential.
Photothermal Nanozyme‐Encapsulating Microneedles for Synergistic Treatment of Infected Wounds
Authors: Chen Zesheng , Zhang Lin , Yang Ye , Cheng Wenwen , Tu Lingfeng , Wang Zijian , Chen Yun , Hu Weikang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotothermal therapy (PTT) is widely used in wound healing because it produces heat under near‐infrared irradiation, eliminating bacterial infections. However, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs during PTT, which causes oxidative stress damage. In this study, a nanozyme, PDA‐MnO2 (PM), is synthesized and encapsulated in the needle tip layer of a bi‐layer GelMA microneedle patch (PbMP), which has excellent mechanical properties and can easily penetrate the skin. In a study involving an SD rat wound model infected with S. aureus, the PbMP significantly accelerated the healing process of bacterially challenged wounds, resulting in better blood vessel growth, cell proliferation, and collagen biosynthesis than other wound dressings. The experiment shows that the PM nanoparticles in PbMP improve photothermal conversion efficiency and activate SOD and CAT, resulting in an efficient cascade enzyme reaction system to eliminate ROS during the PTT process. This study describes a highly effective nanozyme hydrogel microneedle platform with photothermal synergistic antibacterial effects on wound healing.
Crystal and Electronic Structure of β‐Nb2N Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Authors: Yao Jianghao , Li Tongrui , Zhi Aomiao , Ding Jianyang , Xu Rui , Wang Yuzhe , Zhao Zhisheng , Liu Zhengtai , Shen Dawei , Tian Xuezeng , Bai Xuedong , Feng Donglai , Jiang Juan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNiobium nitrides have garnered significant research interest since their discovery due to their exceptional properties and broad applications. In this study, NbNx thin films are successfully grown on 4H(6H)‐SiC(001) substrates using nitrogen‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Through scanning transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction, it is confirmed that the crystal structure of the thin films corresponds to the β‐Nb2N. Different from the previously reported structure of the βA phase (P63/mmc) of β‐Nb2N, the results clearly match with the βB phase (). Resistivity measurements reveal that β‐Nb2N exhibits superconductivity at ≈10 K with an upper critical field of ≈5 T. Its 3D electronic structure is further elucidated using angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations. The observed superconductivity in β‐Nb2N is attributed to its relatively high electron–phonon coupling strength and density of states at Fermi level. Interestingly, it is found that the sample is close to a Lifshitz transition, suggesting potential for tunable physical properties. The results provide a comprehensive understanding of the crystal and electronic structures of β‐Nb2N, facilitating its future applications.
Jellyfish‐Inspired High‐Sensitivity Pressure‐Temperature Sensor
Authors: Ren Huiwen , Li Wangyang , Li Hexin , Ding Yanan , Li Jianyang , Feng Yuming , Su Zhen , Zhang Xin , Jiang Li , Liu Hong , Hu PingAn 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent years, biomimetic high‐sensitivity tactile sensors increasingly become a research focus. Specifically, hydrogel tactile sensors based on ionic‐electronic mechanisms gain widespread attention due to their excellent pressure sensitivity. However, due to the saturation deformation of sensitive elements, these sensors struggle to accurately measure pressure under high‐pressure conditions. Additionally, as hydrogels cause signal drift under constant pressure and ionic‐electronic mechanisms are susceptible to temperature interference, these characteristics limit their application. Inspired by the jellyfish's “mesoglea” and “ectoderm” structures, a novel tactile sensor is developed that combines the ionic‐electronic mechanism with a filling structure. This sensor integrates the hydrogel with a flexible framework to create a jellyfish‐like umbrella structure. This design achieves extremely high pressure sensitivity and improves signal drift. By utilizing the different response characteristics of the capacitance and resistance values of a single sensing element to pressure and temperature changes, it enables simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure, thereby enhancing its potential for application in wearable electronics and robotics.
From Single Atom Photocatalysts to Synergistic Photocatalysts: Design Principles and Applications
Authors: Luo Yaowu , Wang Xinqiang , Gao Fan , Jiang Lin , Wang Dingsheng , Pan Hongge 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotocatalysis represents a solar‐to‐chemical energy transformation process including three processes, light absorption, charge separation/transfer, and surface reactions. Owing to the merits of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) toward maximal atom utilization, unsaturated coordination structure, and tunable electronic configuration, single‐atom photocatalysts (SAPs) exhibit extraordinary photocatalytic performance toward a series of sustainable reactions. Accompanied by the complexity of photocatalytic processes and the realistic demand for tandem reactions as well as the promotion of intricate reactions with multiple reaction routes and intermediates, significant efforts are desired to gain in‐depth insights into the design and fabrication of synergistic photocatalysts. In this review, the first part discusses the design principles from traditional semiconductor‐based photocatalysts to SAPs. Moreover, six basic models of synergistic photocatalysts including remote dual atoms, bridged dual atoms, adjacent dual atoms, single atoms + clusters/nanoparticles (NPs), single atoms + defects, NPs + NPs, are highlighted and distinguished by their structure features. Second, specific examples of SAPs and synergistic photocatalysts are appreciated under the category of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and pollutants degradation. Finally, this review will conclude by discussing the challenges and future perspectives of SAPs and synergistic photocatalysts for sustainable applications.
Tunable Infrared Emissivity Using Laser‐Sintered Liquid Metal Nanoparticle Films
Authors: Im Sooik , Frey Ethan , Kim Do Hyeon , Heo Se‐Yeon , Song Young Min , Vong Man Hou , Jamalzadegan Sina , Wei Qingshan , Gregg Amanda A. , Khatib Omar , Padilla Willie J. , Genzer Jan , Dickey Michael D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper describes laser exposure to tune the infrared (IR) emissivity of a film of eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) particles. EGaIn – a liquid metal at room temperature – forms a native oxide that keeps particles of the metal from spontaneously percolating. Photothermal energy from a CO2 laser percolates the particles into a conductive network. Here, it also causes a decrease in the IR emissivity of the film of particles from 0.4 to 0.24 over the range of 7.5–13 µm wavelength (measured by an IR camera) with the increase of laser fluence from 1.4 to 1.9 J cm−2. The particles percolate most prominently at the bottom of the film, and thus, the apparent surface roughness does not change with laser exposure. This finding suggests the decrease in emissivity is not due to changes in the film's topography. Instead, the change in IR emissivity is attributed to a loss of the surface plasmonic resonance effect of EGaIn particles in the IR range after the sintering, which is confirmed by optical simulations. As a demonstration, it is shown that the ability to change the emissivity makes it possible to encrypt messages and camouflage laser‐processed patterns.
Mn and Zn‐Doped Multivariate Metal–Organic Framework as a Metalloimmunological Adjuvant to Promote Protection Against Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Howlett Thomas S. , Kumari Sneha , Ehrman Ryanne N. , Masson Jesse , Izzo Linda , Wang Trixie , Gull Humera , Trashi Ikeda , Tang Wendy , Trashi Orikeda , Satish Neha , Wijesundara Yalini H. , Herbert Fabian C. , Izzo Angelo A. , Gassensmith Jeremiah J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA first‐in‐class vaccine adjuvant delivery system, Mn‐ZIF, is developed by incorporating manganese (Mn) into the zinc‐containing zeolitic‐imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8). The mixed metal approach, which allowed for tunable Mn doping, is made possible by including a mild reducing agent in the reaction mixture. This approach allows up to 50% Mn, with the remaining 50% Zn within the ZIF. This multivariate approach exhibits significantly decreased cytotoxicity compared to ZIF‐8. The porous structure of Mn‐ZIF enables the co‐delivery of the STING agonist cyclic di‐adenosine monophosphate (CDA) through post‐synthetic loading, forming CDA@Mn‐ZIF. The composite demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake and synergistic activation of the cGAS‐STING pathway, producing proinflammatory cytokines and activating antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). In a preclinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) model, CDA@Mn‐ZIF formulates with the CysVac2 fusion protein elicited a potent antigen‐specific T‐cell response and significantly reduced the mycobacterial burden in the lungs of infected mice. These findings highlight the potential of CDA@Mn‐ZIF as a promising adjuvant for subunit vaccines, offering a novel approach to enhancing vaccine efficacy and protection against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis.
3D‐Bioprinting for Precision Microtissue Engineering: Advances, Applications, and Prospects
Authors: Liu Jinrun , Wang Qi , Le Yinpeng , Hu Min , Li Chen , An Ni , Song Qingru , Yin Wenzhen , Ma Wenrui , Pan Mingyue , Feng Yutian , Wang Yunfang , Han Lu , Liu Juan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicrotissues, engineered to emulate the complexity of human organs, are revolutionizing the fields of regenerative medicine, disease modelling, and drug screening. Despite the promise of traditional microtissue engineering, it has yet to achieve the precision required to fully replicate organ‐like structures. Enter 3D bioprinting, a transformative approach that offers unparalleled control over the microtissue's spatial arrangement and mechanical properties. This cutting‐edge technology enables the detailed layering of bioinks, crafting microtissues with tissue‐like 3D structures. It allows for the direct construction of organoids and the fine‐tuning of the mechanical forces vital for tissue maturation. Moreover, 3D‐printed devices provide microtissues with the necessary guidance and microenvironments, facilitating sophisticated tissue interactions. The applications of 3D‐printed microtissues are expanding rapidly, with successful demonstrations of their functionality in vitro and in vivo. This technology excels at replicating the intricate processes of tissue development, offering a more ethical and controlled alternative to traditional animal models. By simulating in vivo conditions, 3D‐printed microtissues are emerging as powerful tools for personalized drug screening, offering new avenues for pharmaceutical development and precision medicine.
Solvation Structure Engineering via Inorganic–Organic Composite Layer for Corrosion‐Resistant Lithium Metal Anodes in High‐Concentration Electrolyte
Authors: Roh Youngil , Kwon Hyeokjin , Baek Jaewon , Park Changhoon , Kim Seongyeong , Hwang Kahee , Ha A Reum , Ha Seongmin , Song Jongchan , Kim Hee‐Tak 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHigh‐concentration electrolytes have been reported to form an anion‐derived, inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase on lithium metal electrodes; however, these electrodes suffer from high Li corrosion by the coordinated anions and consequent anion depletion. Herein, the study reports a composite layer comprising single‐ion conducting ceramic (SICC) nanoparticles and a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), which can suppress the Li corrosion in a high‐concentration electrolyte based on lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and a weakly solvating solvent (N,N‐dimethylsulfamoyl fluoride, FSA). The lithium‐ion space charges formed at the SICC/GPE interface reduce the coordination of anions in the composite layer, suppressing their decomposition. A Li | LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) pouch bi‐cell with a composite layer‐coated thin lithium metal anode (N/P = 1, thickness: 20 µm) delivers projected gravimetric (316 Wh kg−1) and projected volumetric (1433 Wh L−1) energy densities and exhibits stable operation for 350 cycles, with 70% capacity retention at 1/3 C charge–discharge rate. The engineering of the solvation structure through the inorganic–organic composite layer represents a practical strategy for developing corrosion‐resistant lithium metal anodes in high‐concentration electrolytes.
Impact of hepatospleno volume ratio on postoperative chronic liver failure after major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Ono Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Kosuke , Oba Atsushi , Sato Takafumi , Ito Hiromichi , Inoue Yosuke , Saiura Akio , Takahashi Yu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsThe incidence of postoperative chronic liver failure (PCLF) after major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is relatively low, but it warrants careful attention. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for PCLF, with a specific focus on the correlation with postoperative changes in liver and spleen volumes.MethodsA total of 172 patients who underwent major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma between 2006 and 2021 were included in the study. PCLF is defined as the presence of liver failure, such as ascites, esophageal varices, encephalopathy, and jaundice at 3 mo postoperatively. Risk factors, including chronological changes in liver volume, spleen volume, and hepatospleno volume ratio for PCLF, were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsPCLF occurred in 8 of the 172 patients. On univariate analysis, multiple factors including preoperative prealbumin levels, indocyanine green retention test, and future remnant liver volume were identified as risk factors for PCLF. On multivariate analysis, the hepatospleno volume ratio (p = 0.033) and prealbumin level (p = 0.015) 3 mo after surgery were significantly associated with PCLF. The cutoff value for the hepatospleno volume ratio was 3.0 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.881, sensitivity: 91.7%, specificity: 66.7%) and that for prealbumin level was 10 mg/dL (AUC: 0.894, sensitivity: 83.3%, specificity: 88.9%).ConclusionHepatospleno volume ratio <3.0 and prealbumin level <10 mg/dL 3 mo after surgery were identified as risk factors for PCLF, implying the importance of postoperative nutritional guidance to preserve the remnant liver function for patients with these risk factors.
CityDPC: A Python library for handling 3D city model datasets
Authors: Shamovich Maxim , Raming Simon , Malhotra Avichal , van Treeck Christoph , Frisch Jérôme 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents CityDPC, a Python library for geometric computations on CityGML and CityJSON datasets, merging features from tools such as CityATB. It supports loading, analyzing, validating, and manipulating 3D city model datasets, aiming to enhance Python applications for urban building stock analyses. It introduces a shared building class to expedite new data formats integration and improve software development and interoperability among urban‐scope applications. A novel feature is the calculation of party or shared walls, showcased in a UBEM (Urban Building Energy Modeling) context through TEASER+ integration. This demonstrates the library's utility in urban energy modeling, calculating shared walls to advance existing tools’ functionality and foster innovative urban‐scale building analysis applications.