bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВІДХАРКУВАЛЬНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ ТАБЛЕТОК НА ОСНОВІ ЕКСТРАКТІВ ІЗ КВІТОК МАЛЬВИ ЛІСОВОЇ ТА ПОДОРОЖНИКА ЛАНЦЕТОЛИСТОГО
Authors: Beley S. Ya. , Stechyshyn I. P. , Dub A. I. 
Published: November 2018

Вступ. Згідно з останніми даними ВООЗ, сьогодні захворювання дихальної системи є провідною причиною смерті та інвалідності у світі. Відповідно до формулярної системи України (2009), лікування гострих бронхолегеневих захворювань інфекційного походження починають з етіотропних засобів, до яких приєднують патогенетичні монопрепарати. До цієї групи належать препарати рослинного походження і препарати резорбтивної дії.
Мета дослідження – вивчити відхаркувальні властивості таблеток, до складу яких входять екстракти з квіток мальви лісової та подорожника ланцетолистого.
Методи дослідження. Для експерименту було використано здорових мишей-самців BALB/c (20–25 г). Через 10 днів адаптації тварин випадковим чином поділили на групи по 6 мишей у кожній. Усім тваринам речовини вводили атравматичним зондом інтрагастрально: мишам 1-ї групи – воду дистильовану; 2-ї – розчин амонію хлориду (1,0 г/кг маси тіла тварини); 3–5 – розчинені екстракти з квіток мальви лісової (0,062 г/кг), подорожника ланцетолистого (0,062 г/кг) та досліджувані таблетки (0,4819 г/кг). Через 30 хв після останнього введення мишам вводили внутрішньочеревно розчин фенолового червоного (5 % у фізіо­логічному розчині, 0,1 мл/10 г маси тіла). Після впливу ультразвуку на ізольовані органи протягом 10 хв додавали 0,1 мл 1 М розчину натрію гідроксиду. Для вимірювання оптичної щільності одержаного розчину при довжині хвилі 546 нм було використано спектрофотометр Lambda 25 (“PerkinElmer”, США).
Результати й обговорення. Введення експериментальним тваринам амонію хлориду, екстрактів із квіток мальви лісової та подорожника ланцетолистого, а також таблеток стимулювало секреторну функцію бронхів. Дана експериментальна модель дала змогу охарактеризувати відхаркувальні властивос­ті досліджуваного препарату та визначити його вплив на секреторну функцію бронхів: за відхаркувальною здатністю досліджуваний засіб на 40,16 % перевищував препарат порівняння (амонію хлорид).
Висновок. Досліджувані таблетки мають високу здатність секретувати мокротиння, проявляють хорошу терапевтичну активність та можуть бути рекомендовані для подальших досліджень як потенційний препарат із відхаркувальними властивостями.
A retrospective pilot study to examine the potential of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio as a predictor of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jianjun , Xia Yun , Li Suzhen , Cheng Xiang , Hu Shaobo , Gao Yang , Zhou Xing , Wang Guoliang , Zheng Qichang 
Published: November 2018

Background The aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AST/ALT) is an independent predictor of hepatic disease. Objectives To evaluate the association between preoperative AST/ALT and postoperative acute kidney injury in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Methods A total of 422 hepatitis B- or C- virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients, who underwent hepatectomy between September 2012 and April 2018, were enrolled this retrospective study. From all patients, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase parameters were collected, and the AST/ALT ratio was calculated. For diagnostic criteria of postoperative acute kidney injury, the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria guidelines were used. Results In 48 patients (11.4%), postoperative acute kidney injury was confirmed. In patients with postoperative acute kidney injury, the mean preoperative serum AST/ALT was significantly higher when compared with patients without postoperative acute kidney injury. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, AST/ALT, haemoglobin, age, hypertension, Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification and the Milan criteria were all confirmed as predictive factors of postsurgical acute kidney injury. We found that an AST/ALT of 1.29 was the best cut-off point for predicting postoperative acute kidney injury. The positive predictive value (23.9%) of the cut-off is actually poor. After matching the propensity score, AST/ALT ≥1.29 was still confirmed as an independent predictor of postoperative acute kidney injury by multivariate analysis. Conclusion Preoperative elevated serum AST/ALT may be a potential independent predictor of postoperative acute kidney injury in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who have undergone hepatectomy. This needs to be tested in further prospective studies.
Graphical Augmentations to the Funnel Plot to Assess the Impact of a New Study on an Existing Meta-Analysis
Authors: Crowther Michael J. , Langan Dean , Sutton Alex J. 
Published: November 2018

Funnel plots are currently advocated to investigate the presence of publication bias (and other possible sources of bias) in meta-analysis. A previously described augmentation to the funnel plot—to aid its interpretation in assessing publication biases—is the addition of statistical contours indicating regions where studies would have to be for a given level of significance, as implemented in the Stata package confunnel by Palmer et al. (2008, Stata Journal 8: 242–254). In this article, we describe the implementation of a new range of overlay augmentations to the funnel plot, many described in detail recently by Langan et al. (2012, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 65: 511–519). The purpose of these overlays is to display the potential impact a new study would have on an existing meta-analysis, providing an indication of the robustness of the meta-analysis to the addition of new evidence. Thus these overlays extend the use of the funnel plot beyond assessments of publication biases. Two main graphical displays are described: 1) statistical significance contours, which define regions of the funnel plot where a new study would have to be located to change the statistical significance of the meta-analysis; and 2) heterogeneity contours, which show how a new study would affect the extent of heterogeneity in a given meta-analysis. We present the extfunnel command, which implements the methods of Langan et al. (2012, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 65: 511–519), and, furthermore, we extend the graphical displays to illustrate the impact a new study has on lower and upper confidence interval values and the confidence interval width of the pooled meta-analytic result. We also describe overlays for the impact of a future study on user-defined limits of clinical equivalence. We implement inverse-variance weighted methods by using both explicit formulas for contour lines and a simulation approach optimized in Mata.
Long term survival after early unloading with Impella CP® in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock
Authors: Loehn Tobias , O’Neill William W , Lange Bjoern , Pfluecke Christian , Schweigler Tina , Mierke Johannes , Waessnig Nadine , Mahlmann Adrian , Youssef Akram , Speiser Uwe , Strasser Ruth H , Ibrahim Karim 
Published: November 2018

Background: The use of percutaneous left ventricular assist devices in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) is evolving. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term outcome of patients with AMICS depending on early initiation of Impella CP® support prior to a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent PCI and Impella CP® support between 2014 and 2016 for AMICS at our institution. We compared survival to discharge between those with support initiation before (pre-PCI) and after (post-PCI) PCI. Results: A total of 73 consecutive patients (69±12 years old, 27.4% female) were supported with Impella CP® and underwent PCI for AMICS (34 pre-PCI vs. 39 post-PCI). All patients were admitted with cardiogenic shock, and 58.9% sustained cardiac arrest. Survival at discharge was 35.6%. Compared with the post-PCI group, patients in the pre-PCI group had more lesions treated ( p=0.03), a higher device weaning rate ( p=0.005) and higher survival to discharge as well as to 30 and 90 days after device implantation, respectively (50.0% vs. 23.1%, 48.5% vs. 23.1%, 46.9 vs. 20.5%, p < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a higher survival at one year (31.3% vs. 17.6%, log-rank p-value=0.03) in the pre-PCI group. Impella support initiation before PCI was an independent predictor of survival up to 180 days after device implantation. Conclusions: In this small, single-centre, non-randomized study Impella CP® initiation prior to PCI was associated with higher survival rates at discharge and up to one year in AMICS patients presenting with high risk for in-hospital mortality.
A rare case of a giant arterio-venous fistula (AVF) following metastatic choriocarcinoma conditioning pulmonary embolism: multimodal transcatheter embolization using a simultaneous transarterial and transvenous approach
Authors: Venturini Massimo , Bergamini Alice , Colarieti Anna , Petrone Micaela , Marra Paolo , Rabaiotti Emanuela , Mangili Giorgia , Candiani Massimo , Del Maschio Alessandro , De Cobelli Francesco 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundChoriocarcinoma is a highly malignant tumor but with a good prognosis due to the valid response to systemic chemotherapy. We present a case of a young woman affected by a giant pelvic arterio-venous fistula following a metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma, conditioning metrorrhagia and pulmonary embolism, successfully treated by multimodal transcatheter embolization, using a simultaneous transarterial and transvenous approach.Case presentationIn a young patient affected by choriocarcinoma and metrorrhagia, a computed tomography showed a giant arterio-venous fistula, pulmonary metastases and embolism. A transfemoral diagnostic arteriography showed a giant arterio-venous fistula sustained by right and left hypogastric arteries with early opacification of the right gonadal vein and of the inferior vena cava. A transarterial embolization of the distal branches of hypogastric arteries with poly-vinyl-alcohol particles, coils and Squid was performed. A transfemoral phlebography of the right gonadal vein showed multiple thrombi, responsible of the pulmonary embolism. An Amplatzer plug via trans-jugular was finally placed at the confluence of the gonadal vein in the vena cava, to reduce arterio-venous fistula out-flow and to occlude the vein, preventing further episodes of pulmonary embolism. Metrorrhagia progressively disappeared. A second transarterial embolization combined with a complete response to systemic chemotherapy determined arterio-venous fistula resolution.ConclusionsThis was a very rare case of a giant pelvic arterio-venous fistula following choriocarcinoma in a patient symptomatic for metrorrhagia with an accidental finding of pulmonary embolism at computed tomography. A transcatheter embolization was successfully performed with different embolic materials, using a simultaneous transarterial and transvenous approach: the goal was not only to obtain metrorrhagia resolution but also to avoid a massive pulmonary embolism, a potential life threatening condition, in a young woman affected by a highly malignant tumor but with a good prognosis.
Pulmonary rehabilitation: Clinical review and first-hand experience
Authors: Bott Julia , Dawson Val 
Published: November 2018

Julia Bott explains the health benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients living with chronic lung conditions, and emphasises the need for it to become a first-line therapy. Practice nurses can, and should, take an active role in referring eligible patients Pulmonary rehabilitation is a first-line therapy for patients with chronic lung disease that provides both physical and emotional benefits to patients, and significant effects on healthcare outcomes. Practice nurses have a key role to play in the success of this therapy by engaging actively in the identification and referral of patients; by clearly informing the patient of the expected experience and outcomes; and by motivating the patient to attend, engage and complete the programme.
More eyes, different eyes
Authors: Leishman Donna 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this article I survey the current status quo in UK illustration education, and argue the case for a pragmatic and culturally porous approach to theory within illustration education. The pragmatic approach allows illustrators to see themselves as a form of social scientist, ethno/anthropologist, community activist or facilitator for change – a constructive move that directly mirrors broader diffuse changes in the design sector. The article ends by discussing notions such as the ‘public intellectual’ and ‘perspectival seeing,’ and concludes that as an international discipline the illustration community can offer much-needed new discourse and perspectives.
Strong uniform consistency rates of conditional quantile estimation in the single functional index model under random censorship
Authors: Kadiri Nadia , Rabhi Abbes , Bouchentouf Amina Angelika 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to non-parametrically estimate the quantiles of a conditional distribution in the censorship model when the sample is considered as an -mixing sequence. First of all, a kernel type estimator for the conditional cumulative distribution function (cond-cdf) is introduced. Afterwards, we estimate the quantiles by inverting this estimated cond-cdf and state the asymptotic properties when the observations are linked with a single-index structure. The pointwise almost complete convergence and the uniform almost complete convergence (with rate) of the kernel estimate of this model are established. This approach can be applied in time series analysis.
Warum sprechen Menschen mit Maschinen?
Authors: Roser Andreas 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung
Menschen sprechen mit Maschinen, weil diese – für zahllose Verständigungszwecke – offenbar die Kommunikationspartner erster Wahl sind: Sprachroboter kommunizieren ohne Ansehen der Person mit allen Konsumenten auf vergleichbar verständige und konsensorientierte Weise. Es sind Maschinen, deren Verständigung mit uns gewaltfrei, thematisch offen und zeitlich unbegrenzt möglich ist. Sprachroboter leisten, was von Menschen nur in einer idealtypischen und kontrafaktischen Form der Verständigung zu erwarten wäre. Dass Habermas die Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns nicht der Gefahr ausgesetzt sah, auch auf die Verständigung mit Maschinen anwendbar zu sein, hat nicht-triviale Folgen für deren Anwendungsanalyse.
Wie verbessern Wissensmanagement und Open Data die Arzneimittelentwicklung und ‑zulassung?
Authors: Gül Rukiye 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Arzneimittelindustrie steht vor enormen Herausforderungen. Zum einen ist sie konfron-tiert mit immer höheren Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten sowie strengen nationalen Regulierungsvorschriften, zum anderen muss sie mit der Innovationsgeschwindigkeit Schritt halten. Der Bedarf nach innovativen, schnell verfügbaren Arzneimitteln wächst. Die Zulassungsbehörden wiederum müssen entsprechend ihren personellen Ressourcen und dem zur Verfügung stehenden Wissen neue Arzneimittel bewerten und zulassen. Durch die Nutzung und Integration von Wissensmanagement und Open Data könnten bisher nicht genutzte Potenziale positive Auswirkungen auf die Innovationsfähigkeit und den beschleunigten Zugang zu Arzneimitteln haben. Erfolge zeigen sich durch bereits umgesetzte und implementierte Wissensmanagementelemente, wie die internationale Harmonisierung von Bewertungskriterien für die Zulassung von Arzneimitteln, eine einheitliche Standardisierung der medizinischen Terminologie sowie das elektronische Common Technical Document (eCTD), ein einheitliches und zielgerichtetes elektronisches Format für die Einreichung von Zulassungsanträgen. Durch diese Maßnahmen und die gegenseitige Anerkennung von Bewertungsberichten der Zulassungsbehörden anderer Mitgliedsländer in der EU konnten Zeitersparnisse erzielt und Doppelarbeiten vermieden werden. Eine systematische und strukturierte Integration und Vernetzung des internen und externen Wissens und der Einsatz von Open Data lassen sich allerdings nur dann realisieren, wenn funktionierende Modelle zur Verfügung stehen, die den Interessen aller Partner genügen und die Schutz- und Eigentumsrechte mitberücksichtigen. Die Virtual Knowledge Bank ist so ein Modell. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine virtuelle Wissensbank für das gemeinsame Data Sharing von Studiendaten. Der Einsatz von Wissensmanagementmaßnahmen soll zu einer Verbesserung des Wissenstransfers zwischen Industrie und Aufsichtsbehörden führen sowie zu einer besseren Zusammenarbeit zwischen Inspektoren und klinischen Studienprüfern beitragen.
Performance Analysis of Distributed Raman Amplifier Using Different Pumping Methods in DWDM Communication Systems
Authors: Saifuddin Shameem , Sivasubramanian A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The objective of this work is to investigate and compare the impact of forward, backward and bidirectional pumping methods in repeater less distributed Raman fiber amplifier system and to analyze its benefits in long haul optical communication links. The effect of different pump wavelengths and pump powers are also analyzed. By adjusting the forward pump power as well as backward pump powers carefully, the transmission performance can be improved. The pump power ratio is adjusted to 20% so that the degradation of signal due to non-linear effect is reduced. The distributed gain and pump penetration depth for different pump power ratios are also examined. A comparison of different pumping methods reveals that bidirectional pumping gives the optimum performance in terms of higher gain and lower noise figure when compared to single pumps and unidirectional pumping. Low pump power ratios lead to better transmission performance than higher pump ratios due to lesser non-linear effects. The simulation results indicate that signal power evolution decreases with the increase in length of the fiber. It is also found that the pump power is more relevant during the first 50 km of the distributed fiber line and it decreases as it goes beyond 100 km. By choosing the optimum pumping methods and number of pumps, Raman Amplifiers can be used in almost all places where optical amplifiers are required.
Effect of different priming treatments and priming durations on melon germination behavior under suboptimal conditions
Authors: Castañares J. L. , Bouzo C. A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The objective of this work was to compare the effect of different priming osmotic agents and durations on melon germination in: 1) low temperature stress; 2) saline stress; and 3) low temperature and saline stress. The osmotic agents were polyethylene glycol 6000, KNO3+K3PO4, CaCl2 and NaCl, with -1.5 MPa osmotic potential. Priming durations were 3 and 6 days (d). Germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT) were measured. At 12°C the best GP was 14% with CaCl2/3-d, without germination in control. At 25°C the best GP was 100% with CaCl2/3-d. MGT was reduced one day. At -0.7 MPa GP was 100% with CaCl2/3-d and NaCl 3d. At -1.0 MPa the best GP were 46 and 50% for 3d with NaCl and CaCl2respectively without germination in control treatment. At 12°C and -1.0 MPa the best GP were CaCl2/3-d and CaCl2/3-d (14 and 10% respectively). It is concluded that at 12°C, the increase in GP would not justify the use of priming. At 25°C priming increased GP and reduced MGT. At -0.7 MPa priming increased germination, while at -1.0 MPa the increase is not agronomical considerable. At 12°C and -1.0 MPa the increase of germination is not agronomical important.
The use of 2.0 marketing on websites of Croatian children´s and youth publishers
Authors: Oštrički Ivana 
Published: November 2018

Digital technology is an important constituent of day-to-day life of the Net Geners, a generation born and growing up in an entirely different media and communication context in comparison to any other generation before. Traditional marketing strategies of publishers need to be revised in order to encompass information habits and competences of the new generation. Don Tapscott conducted an extensive survey of everyday habits of this generation and identified eight norms used in its activities: freedom, customization, scrutiny, integrity, collaboration, entertainment, speed, and innovation. The Net Geners wish to have an active role in creating new products and in making decisions related to the value of products. They are prosumers on whom guerrilla marketing doesn´t exert a great influence, instead, they discuss a product with friends and new young influencers in online communities (n-fluence networks). Tapscott suggests applying the concept of a 2.0 (ABCDE) marketing based on the consumer behaviour of the new generation – anyplace, brand, communication, discovery, experience.
This paper analyses websites of 14 Croatian children´s and youth publishers in view of the implementation of the 2.0 marketing principles and their orientation on that segment of population. The aim of the paper is to pinpoint the shortcomings in the design and functions of the publishers’ websites related to the communication with children and youth and their active involvement in the publishing business. The results of the survey could contribute to the identification of suitable communication strategies for the Net Geners. Before analysing Croatian websites, an analysis was conducted of five British publishers with a longstanding tradition, which suggests high quality of their business organisation. The data collected was used to identify the 2.0 marketing principles on Croatian publishers’ websites: social engagement, branding, additional content, customization, an interface adapted to new generations, online communities, and social networks.
Croatian publishers’ websites stimulate communication with children and youth only insufficiently. The publishers did not recognize the importance of n-fluence networks, the creation of new online communities or connecting with the existing ones. There is a lack of stimulating an active inclusion of this population segment in the creation of publishing products and in establishing their value, as well as the lack of building a consumer’s experience. The publishers should therefore collaborate with experts on education of children, but should also focus on the members of the Net Geners, especially those who have an influence on cultural and entertainment habits of that generation.