bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the noodle‐making potential and digestibility of native oat starch and citric acid cross‐linked resistant oat starch
Authors: Alexander Vanessa , Sobhi Babak , Joseph Sijo , Beta Trust , Malunga Lovemore Nkhata 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the noodle‐making potential of oat starch and how addition of chemically modified oat starch affects quality and digestibility. An oat starch noodle preparation method was optimized and subsequently used for substituting varying levels of native oat starch (NOS) with citrate‐modified oat starch (COS) (15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%).FindingsResults indicated that NOS noodles showed similar cooking loss, cooking time, and color to commercial rice noodles. Significant differences emerged between COS and NOS noodles concerning cooking time, adhesiveness, and color values. Noodles with a 25% substitution of COS demonstrated favorable quality characteristics. In terms of in vitro digestibility, noodles with COS substituted at 25% of NOS released the least amount of glucose over the 300‐min digestion period compared to NOS and commercial noodles.ConclusionsThe partial replacement of NOS with COS significantly reduced the cooking time of noodles without affecting their adhesiveness and color compared to NOS‐only noodles. Furthermore, the in vitro digestion experiments showed that partial substitution of NOS with COS results in lower glucose release than NOS‐only noodles, which is desirable for the management of postprandial blood glucose levels.Significance and NoveltyOat starch by‐products show potential for human consumption through starch noodle preparation, presenting promising avenues for the utilization of oat starch within the food industry.
Photogeneration and Direct Observation of a 2H‐phosphirene and a Closed‐shell Singlet Arylphosphenium Ion
Authors: Lu Zi‐Gang , Lee Phillips David , Li Ming‐De 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhosphenium ions are highly reactive species with the formula of RR‘P+. Although phosphenium ions were proposed as the invaluable intermediates of various important chemical processes, the methods to generate and characterize them were very limited. In this study, a novel photoprecursor to give rise to the arylphosphenium ions, 1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)phosphirane, was synthesized and investigated by femtosecond to nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopies, photoproduct analysis, and density functional theory calculations. Subsequent to photoexcitation, the S1 state of the photoprecursor of interest is populated from the higher excited states, accompanied by the generation of an unexpected 2H‐phosphirene, 7bH‐naphtho[1,2‐b]phosphirene. After that, the resulted 2H‐phosphirene is protonated by H2O in the solvent to generate the naphthalen‐2‐yl(hydryl)phosphenium ion, which can be attacked by H2O and oxidized by O2 to give naphthalen‐2‐ylphosphinic acid as the major final product. The presence of these transient species is supported by density functional theory calculation and control experiments with different solvents. This study provides an understanding of the reactivity of arylphosphenium ions as well as 2H‐phosphirenes, and provides a novel method to generate and characterize these reactive species, which may help to further reveal their reactivity and explore their chemistry and use in a range of applications.
Insights into Structural Diversity and Morphotropic Evolution in A4Th(WO4)4 (A=Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) Family
Authors: Yu Yi , Xiao Bin , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. , Alekseev Evgeny V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA series of four new thorium tungstates, A4Th(WO4)4 (A=Li, K, Rb, Cs), were synthesized using high‐temperature solid‐state method. Structural studies of the materials reveal distinct structural changes with underlying similarities influenced by the nature of A‐site cations. Li4Th(WO4)4 exhibits a two‐dimensional corrugated sheet structure stabilized by Li+ cations, crystallizing in P
space group. K4Th(WO4)4 crystallizes in I41/a space group and exhibits a three‐dimensional framework consisting of ThO8 antiprisms and WO4 tetrahedra. Rb4Th(WO4)4 forms in C2/c space group, showcasing a framework with two‐dimensional sheet structure. Cs4Th(WO4)4 is isostructural to Rb4Th(WO4)4 but displays increased interlayer spacing due to the larger ionic radius of Cs. Raman spectroscopy confirms the structural data, revealing distinct vibrational modes that correlate with tungsten coordination changes from WO6 in Li4Th(WO4)4 to WO4 in the Cs4Th(WO4)4. This study demonstrates how variation of alkali metals affects the structural properties of thorium tungstates series, showing a morphotropic evolution as a factor of the ionic radii of the alkali metals.
Deciphering Co(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative C−H/C−H Annulation Towards Maleimide‐Fused Imidazopyridine AEEgens
Authors: Ghosh Subhendu , Khandelia Tamanna , Panigrahi Pritishree , Mandal Raju , Patel Bhisma K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA cobalt(III)‐catalyzed dual C(sp2)−H/C(sp2)−H activation of 2‐arylimidazopyridines and its annulation with N‐substituted maleimides leads to polycyclic aromatic heterocycles. This sustainable oxidative annulation uses earth‐abundant, less toxic, and cost‐effective cobalt(III) catalyst that complement expensive 2nd and 3rd‐row metals. This oxidative annulation features a broad substrate scope with very good functional group tolerance. These maleimide‐fused imidazopyridines display strong fluorescence in the region of 527− 536 nm with a Stokes shift of 83−87 nm and possess an excited state lifetime of 14.6−16.1 ns. Interestingly, such luminescent compounds show aggregation‐enhanced emission (AEE) behavior in the iPr‐OH/hexane mixed solvent system. Furthermore, field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM) reveals their spherical nano‐aggregates with an average diameter of ~216.8 nm. They can also be used as cellular‐imaging and picric acid‐sensing probes.
Spinal Afferent Innervation From Left Dorsal Root Ganglia in the Flat‐Mounts of Whole Atria of Rats: Anterograde Tracing
Authors: Ma Jichao , Bizanti Ariege , Kwiat Andrew M. , Barton Kayla , Nguyen Duyen , Madas Jazune , Toledo Zulema , Bendowski Kohlton , Chen Jin , Cheng Zixi Jack 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe spinal afferent innervation of the heart helps to regulate cardiac functions by sending sensory information through the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) to the brain. However, the distribution and morphology of spinal afferents in the heart are not well characterized due to tracer selections, the surgical access to upper thoracic DRGs, and the thickness of the heart tissues. In this study, we injected tracer dextran biotin (DB) into the left DRGs (C8‐T3) of male Sprague–Dawley rats (3–5 months). After 16 days, flat‐mounts of the whole left and right atria were prepared and diaminobenzidine stained. Then, the DB‐labeled axons in the tissues were imaged, traced, and digitized using the Neurolucida system. Our results showed that the DB‐labeled axons from left DRGs entered the left precaval vein and projected to the left and right atria, with predominant projection in the left atrial wall. DB‐labeled varicose axons were observed in different layers, mostly in the epicardium and myocardium, but much less in the endocardium. In those layers, these spinal afferent axons branched out into simple to complex terminal arborizations, forming close appositions with cardiac muscles, intrinsic cardiac ganglia, blood vessels, and fat tissue. This work, for the first time, characterized cardiac spinal afferent distribution of the rat atria using anterograde tracing, which will provide the foundation for future studies of topographical cardiac spinal afferent innervation and remodeling in heart disease models.
Bioinformatics and Experimental Insights Into miR‐182, hsa_circ_0070269, and circ‐102,166 as Therapeutic Targets for HCV‐Associated HCC
Authors: Ishaq Yasmeen , Rauff Bisma , Alzahrani Badr , Ikram Aqsa , Javed Hasnain , Abdullah Imran , Mujtaba Ghulam 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of malignant tumor and the sixth leading cause of death worldwide. It is caused by HBV, HCV infection, and alcohol consumption. MicroRNAs are typically small, non‐coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of mRNA expression. Recent studies revealed miRNAs' regulatory roles in liver cancer, linked to risk factors like HCV, HBV infection, alcoholism, drug use, and auto‐immune hepatic disorders. Circular RNAs also belong to the class of non‐coding RNAs; they act as ceRNAs to regulate miRNA expression and regulate different oncogenic pathways in HCC progression. This study aimed to check the hsa_circ_0070269, circ‐102,166 (hsa_circ_0004913), and miR‐182 expression in HCV induced HCC patients.MethodsData analysis was used to find out studies related to the role of hsa_circ_0070269, circ‐102,166, and miR‐182 in HCC; miR‐182 targeted genes, their role in different diseases; and miR‐182 interactions with hsa_circ_0070269 and circ‐102,166 in the HCC. It was revealed that the hsa_circ_0070269, circ‐102,166, and miR‐182 correlations in HCV induced HCC have not been explored yet. Therefore, to validate data from literature mining, expression analysis of dysregulated hsa_circ_0070269, circ‐102,166, and miR‐182 was performed in HCV induced HCC patients using RT‐PCR.ResultsIt was found that miR‐182 was significantly upregulated and acts as an oncomiRNA in HCV induced HCC, and hsa_circ_0070269 and circ‐102,166 were downregulated in HCV induced HCC. We have identified that miR‐182 relative expression level was significantly high (p < 0.0029), while has_circ_0070269 (p < 0.002) and circ‐102,166 (p < 0.002) were significantly downregulated in HCV‐HCC patients as compared to expression in healthy individuals.ConclusionOur data revealed that miR‐182 acts as an oncomiRNA in HCC development. Hsa_circ_0070269 and circ‐102,166 are highly expressed in healthy controls compared to HCV induced HCC patients, can sponge miR‐182 expression by acting as tumor suppressors, and can be used as biomarkers and targets for HCC treatment.
Single‐Shot Auto‐Exposure and High Dynamic Range Imaging Based on Asynchronous Operation of Pixel Array Circuitry
Authors: Lamouaraa‐Sedlackova Yassine , Fernández‐Berni Jorge , Carmona‐Galán Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces an image formation technique that realizes automatic adaptation to the illumination conditions during image capture. This adaptation takes place asynchronously in a single shot, requiring neither external control nor iterations on the exposure setting. These characteristics are especially suitable for applications such as visual robot navigation, where illumination may abruptly change and immediate decisions must be made. The equations that model the proposed technique show exposure‐time independence. Moreover, each pixel adapts itself according to the ratio between local and global illuminations. The dependence on this ratio—which is a relative rather than absolute magnitude—along with the aforementioned independence on exposure time means that, theoretically, any illumination scenario can be represented within an arbitrary signal range. We also address the CMOS implementation of this technique. An extensive set of electrical simulations confirms its auto‐exposure and high‐dynamic‐range encoding capabilities. In particular, we simulated the capture of a 118‐dB scene on a ‐px array over five orders of magnitude of ambient illumination. Corner and mismatch simulations reveal strong robustness of the proposed circuitry against fabrication non‐idealities. Finally, although we aim to applications in which large image resolution is not a critical specification, strategies to minimize the impact of the required focal‐plane circuit elements on the pixel pitch are examined.
Research on transparency of coal mine geological conditions based on distributed fiber‐optic sensing technology
Authors: Piao Chunde , Yin Yanzhu , He Zhihao , Du Wenchi , Wei Guangqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCoal mining induces changes in the nature of rock and soil bodies, as well as hydrogeological conditions, which can easily trigger the occurrence of geological disasters such as water inrush, movement of the coal seam roof and floor, and rock burst. Transparency in coal mine geological conditions provides technical support for intelligent coal mining and geological disaster prevention. In this sense, it is of great significance to address the requirements for informatizing coal mine geological conditions, dynamically adjust sensing parameters, and accurately identify disaster characteristics so as to prevent and control coal mine geological disasters. This paper examines the various action fields associated with geological disasters in mining faces and scrutinizes the types and sensing parameters of geological disasters resulting from coal seam mining. On this basis, it summarizes a distributed fiber‐optic sensing technology framework for transparent geology in coal mines. Combined with the multi‐field monitoring characteristics of the strain field, the temperature field, and the vibration field of distributed optical fiber sensing technology, parameters such as the strain increment ratio, the aquifer temperature gradient, and the acoustic wave amplitude are extracted as eigenvalues for identifying rock breaking, aquifer water level, and water cut range, and a multi‐field sensing method is established for identifying the characteristics of mining‐induced rock mass disasters. The development direction of transparent geology based on optical fiber sensing technology is proposed in terms of the aspects of sensing optical fiber structure for large deformation monitoring, identification accuracy of optical fiber acoustic signals, multi‐parameter monitoring, and early warning methods.
MOF‐Derived Mn/N‐Codoped Porous Carbon Enables Efficient and Rapid Oxidation of HMF to FDCA
Authors: Wang Peng , Gu Jun‐Fei , Chen Zhan , Ma Hao‐Yue , Li Xing‐Chuan , Li Shuai , Xu Xiang‐Ya , Yuan Ye , Chen Cheng , Kou Zongkui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransforming the bio‐based 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into its oxidation product 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) offers an attractive route for synthesizing bioplastic monomers. However, significant challenges remain in developing efficient and stable non‐precious metal catalysts. Here, we employed a solid‐state thermal synthesis (SST) method to design and synthesize a series of metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐derived metal‐nitrogen‐carbon (M@NC) materials with gradient metal contents and low metal loadings, labeled as Mnx@NC, for converting HMF into FDCA through oxidation. Further investigations revealed that the amount of metal doping significantly influenced the catalyst structure, particularly in terms of defect quantity and specific surface area. The optimal catalyst, Mn2.5@NC, exhibited the largest specific surface area and the highest number of defects, achieving a 94 % FDCA yield within 4 h. Experimental results demonstrated that the recovered catalyst could be reintroduced into the reaction system and maintained selectivity comparable to that of the fresh catalyst for at least five cycles. Moreover, various characterizations of both fresh and recovered catalysts confirmed the great stability of Mn2.5@NC. This study provides advanced insights into the effective catalytic conversion of HMF to FDCA and highlights the importance of structural design and regulation in optimizing M@NC catalysts.
Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of a New Separately‐Anchored Self‐Centering Beam‐Column Connection
Authors: Li Lu‐Xi , Li Chao , Hao Hong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPost‐tensioned self‐centering (PTSC) structures that use PT tendons to assemble precast members and provide structural resistance have demonstrated superior seismic performance and self‐centering capacity. Current PTSC frames generally serially connect all beams in a floor. This assembly method would induce interferences among different spans and increase the risk of progressive failure once local damage occurs in a bay. This paper proposes a new type of PTSC joint to avoid such serial connection of beams. By employing steel beams to serve as the anchorages of PT tendons, each bay of the frame is separately prestressed. The composite prestressed beams can be readily fixed to columns by high‐strength bolts, hence facilitating the construction of such separately‐anchored self‐centering (SASC) frame building. External friction dampers are installed to enhance the energy dissipation capacity of SASC connections. Eight full‐scale cyclic loading tests are performed to compare the performance of the new SASC connections with conventional PTSC joints and also comprehensively evaluate the seismic behavior of SASC connections with different parameters. The test results validate the excellent damage mitigation abilities of both types of connections while the superior mechanical performance of the new SASC connections. In addition, the effects of key design parameters such as initial prestress level, damper force, and tendon number on the seismic behavior of the SASC connection are evaluated, and design recommendations for the application of the proposed precast beam‐column connection are also provided.
Fraught Expectations: A Fairness Heuristic Process Model of the Pros and Cons of CSR for Talent Acquisition
Authors: Kay Adam A. , Vlachos Pavlos A. , Tasoulis Konstantinos , Farndale Elaine 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is purely an asset when it comes to talent acquisition: that is the dominant narrative among Human Resource Management (HRM) practitioners and scholars alike. Growing evidence, however, gives reason to question this assumption. Accordingly, in this conceptual paper, we develop a process model to articulate both the pros and cons of CSR for recruitment. Using fairness heuristic theory as a central organizing framework, we integrate three theoretical perspectives into the HRM and micro‐CSR literatures. First, we leverage dual‐processing attribution theory to propose that job seekers process information about CSR through both heuristic and deliberative processes, leading them to attribute employer CSR to substantive or symbolic motives. We explain how CSR attributions represent a fairness heuristic, meaning a proxy for how trustworthy job seekers appraise an employer to be. Second, invoking expectancy violation theory, we propose that the more job seekers attribute employer CSR to substantive (symbolic) motives, the higher (lower) their justice expectations will be, thereby increasing (decreasing) the consequences to employers for violating those expectations. Third, expanding scholarship on the dynamic nature of organizational fairness perceptions, we propose that job seekers update their attributions of employer CSR in a recursive cycle that can improve, but tends to degrade, as the recruitment process unfolds—particularly if they have high expectations to begin with. In so doing, we nudge the talent acquisition literature beyond static, fixed‐in‐time accounts to a more representative description of the dynamic and dual‐sided role of CSR in recruitment over time.
Effect of Magnetic Field and Slip Conditions on Flow in a Rotating Porous Channel With Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Verma Vineet Kumar , Ansari Abdul Faiz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the steady flow of an electrically conducting fluid through a rotating porous channel bounded by stationary, impermeable horizontal plates at constant temperature. The primary aim is to explore the combined effects of a magnetic field, wall slip conditions, and viscous dissipation. The channel rotates at a constant angular velocity, with slip conditions applied at the walls. A pressure gradient drives the primary flow, while rotation generates the secondary flow. Analytical solutions for velocity profiles and volumetric flow rates are obtained, and the temperature distribution is calculated using MATLAB's “bvp4c” function. The research offers novel insights into the behavior of primary and secondary flow velocities under different Hartmann and Taylor numbers, emphasizing the impact of slip conditions. Additionally, the influence of the Eckert number on temperature is analyzed in conjunction with these parameters. These findings contribute valuable theoretical perspectives for enhancing cooling systems in rotating machinery using conductive fluids in porous channels. This study opens avenues for future research to investigate unsteady flow conditions and the effects of variable magnetic fields and rotational speeds on fluid behavior in rotating porous channels.
Modulation of the central nervous system immune response and neuroinflammation via Wnt signaling in health and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Fang Kevin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) is a highly specialized and tightly regulated process essential for maintaining neural health and protecting against pathogens and injuries. The primary immune cells within the CNS include microglia, astrocytes, T cells, and B cells. They work together, continuously monitor the CNS environment for signs of infection, injury, or disease, and respond by phagocytosing debris, releasing cytokines, and recruiting other immune cells. In addition to providing neuroprotection, these immune responses must be carefully balanced to prevent excessive inflammation that can lead to neuronal damage and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Dysregulated immune responses in the CNS are implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Wnt signaling is a crucial pathway in the CNS that regulates various cellular processes critical for brain development, function, and maintenance. Despite enhancing immune responses in the health CNS, dysregulated Wnt signaling exacerbates neuroinflammation in the neurodegenerative brains. This review summarized the role of Wnt signaling in regulating immune response under different conditions. We then examined the role of immune response in healthy brains and during the development of neurodegenerative diseases. We also discussed therapeutic intervention in various neurodegenerative diseases through the modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway and neuroinflammation and highlighted challenges and limitations in current clinical trials.
ESG rating, corporate dividends policy, and the moderating role of corporate life cycle: Cross country study
Authors: Ananzeh Husam , Khalifeh Amin , Alqudah Hamza , Al‐Ababneh Hassan Ali , Al Amosh Hamzeh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the link between environmental, social, and governance performance (ESG) and dividend policy, as well as how likely the corporate life cycle might moderate this association. Using cross‐country data from 2010 to 2020, the findings of this study reveal that ESG has a favorable influence on corporate dividend payments as measured by dividend payout ratio, dividend yield, and dichotomous variable. This conclusion holds true when the three ESG pillars are examined independently on dividend policy measurements. Furthermore, this analysis reveals that the firm's life cycle stage moderates the association between ESG and corporate dividend policy, exhibiting a negative moderating impact. This study specifically reveals that the relationship between ESG and dividends is stronger for firms in the early stages of their life cycle than for those in the mature stages. This relationship applies to firms operating in developed economies compared to developing economies. The study findings particularly highlight the dynamic nature of the link between ESG and dividends, underlining that this relationship is dependent on the stage of a company's life cycle. Understanding this relationship may assist stakeholders, such as investors and management, in making educated decisions about dividend expectations and sustainable practices depending on the life cycle of a firm.