bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for ethno-centric psychosocial management of diabetes mellitus in India: The north east consensus group statement
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Baruah Manash , Ranabir Salam , Singh Ningthoujam , Choudhury Asit , Sutradhar Satish , Adhikari Santosh , Dehingia Ananda , Mili Dambaru , Hesso Kevito , Rasaily Suresh , Dkhar Andreas , Roy Partho , Majumder Shahnowaj , Ahmed Rahimuddin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently published guidelines on Psychosocial Management of Diabetes in India provide evidence-based recommendations for the whole nation. However, they do not fully address the myriad socio-cultural issues prevalent in the North Eastern states. The eight North Eastern states of India house 45 million people, belonging to 220 ethnic groups who speak an equal number of dialects, and follow distinctly unique cultures, which impact health-related behavior. Such diversity is difficult to cover in any national guideline. This lacuna makes it necessary to have a document, which addresses the specific needs and requirements of diabetes care professionals in the North-east of India. This consensus statement aims to highlight evidence- and experience-based strategies for psychosocial management of diabetes, based upon the unique ethnographic constitution of this part of the country. It is based upon the results of a daylong focused group discussion, held at Sonapur, Assam, on 9th February 2013, involving key opinion leaders from most North-eastern states, including all geographical divisions of Assam. Recommendations are classified into three domains: General, psychological, and socio-cultural, and graded by the weight they should have in clinical practice. Eighteen recommendations of varying strength are made, to help professionals identify the psycho-socio-cultural determinants of diabetes, and to explore the role of psycho-socio-cultural interventions in devising support strategies for people with diabetes and their families. They also aid in developing core skills needed for effective diabetes management. These recommendations provide practical guidelines to fulfill unmet needs in diabetes management in the North-east and help achieve a qualitative improvement in diabetes care. The guidelines may also be useful for diabetes care professionals working with other indigenous groups across the world.
Are Grapes Able to Mitigate the Noxious Effects Induced by Cadmium Exposure in Different Tissues and/or Organs? A Mini Review
Authors: Handan Bianca , Cardoso Caroline , Pisani Luciana , Estadella Debora , Chriguer Rosângela , Ribeiro Daniel 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGrapes are fruits that grow in clusters and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. Cadmium is a non-essential metal toxic to living organisms and the environment. Recently, health professionals, food scientists, and consumers have paid much attention to grapes for their health-promoting effects. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reviews describing the ability of grapes to mitigate the toxic effects induced by cadmium exposure in different tissues and/or organs. Herein, the aim of this review is to present the effects of grapes following cadmium exposure on the number of papers published in the scientific literature. The results showed that grapes are able to mitigate the harmful activities induced by exposure to cadmium in several tissues and organs. The main actions are closely related to tissue regeneration as a result of the reestablishment of morphology and antioxidant activity. However, further studies are welcomed in order to elucidate new biological pathways regarding the outcomes promoted by grapes in this context, specially related to inflammation, tissue regeneration and cellular death.
Characterization of the Inner and Outer Fiber Layers in the Developing Cerebral Cortex of Gyrencephalic Ferrets
Authors: Saito Kengo , Mizuguchi Keishi , Horiike Toshihide , Dinh Duong Tung Anh , Shinmyo Yohei , Kawasaki Hiroshi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Changes in the cerebral cortex of mammals during evolution have been of great interest. Ferrets, monkeys, and humans have more developed cerebral cortices compared with mice. Although the features of progenitors in the developing cortices of these animals have been intensively investigated, those of the fiber layers are still largely elusive. By taking the advantage of our in utero electroporation technique for ferrets, here we systematically investigated the cellular origins and projection patterns of axonal fibers in the developing ferret cortex. We found that ferrets have 2 fiber layers in the developing cerebral cortex, as is the case in monkeys and humans. Axonal fibers in the inner fiber layer projected contralaterally and subcortically, whereas those in the outer fiber layer sent axons to neighboring cortical areas. Furthermore, we performed similar experiments using mice and found unexpected similarities between ferrets and mice. Our results shed light on the cellular origins, the projection patterns, the developmental processes, and the evolution of fiber layers in mammalian brains.
Common Challenges in Safety: A Review and Analysis of AAALAC Findings
Authors: Swearengen James R 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The 8th edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Guide) is clear in its requirement for each institution to establish and maintain an occupational health and safety (OHS) program as an essential part of the overall program of animal care and use. For over 30 years, AAALAC International has utilized a variety of methods to evaluate this component of OHS programs as part of the accreditation process. AAALAC International began collecting data on site visit findings over 20 years ago using the Guide as a template for establishing the categories and subcategories to which findings are assigned. Data from 1656 findings associated with OHS were identified during calendar years 2014 through 2016. This information was used to provide an overview of the most frequently observed OHS findings that occurred during this time span. The 5 categories representing key OHS areas and the combined percentage of both mandatory findings and suggestions for improvement in each category included: workplace risk/safety assessment (37.3%); personnel protection (36.3%); personnel risk assessment (14.4%); hazard containment (9.4%); and medical services (2.6%). Information on the most commonly observed OHS findings and associated trends may be helpful to animal care and use programs when conducting internal reviews of their own OHS programs.
From Portugal to England
Authors: Mariz Vera 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In 1865 John Charles Robinson travelled to Portugal in the service of the South Kensington Museum and plunged into the art market with the intention of acquiring works for that institution’s collections that were representative of Portuguese artistic production. This article provides a broad and contextualized approach to this connoisseur’s experience on the Portuguese market, framing it within a hitherto undervalued phenomenon: the persistent presence of English agents in this system. An original identification of all the works acquired in Portugal by Robinson and of all those so-far neglected dealers involved in such transactions allows us to assess the real extent and impact of such mission. We shall also show that the acquisitions made were decisive not only for diversifying the museum’s collections but also for art historiography, both being inseparable from the invention of the term Indo-Portuguese.
Risk Factors for Septicemia Deaths and Disparities in a Longitudinal US Cohort
Authors: Kempker Jordan A , Kramer Michael R , Waller Lance A , Martin Greg S 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
There are few longitudinal data on the risk factors and mediators of racial disparities in sepsis among community- dwelling US adults.

Methods
This is a longitudinal study of adult participants in the 1999–2005 National Health Interview Survey with data linked to the 1999–2011 National Death Index. We utilized National Vital Statistics System’s ICD-10 schema to define septicemia deaths (A40-A41), utilizing influenza and pneumonia deaths (J09-J11) and other causes of death as descriptive comparators. All statistics utilized survey design variables to approximate the US adult population.

Results
Of 206 691 adult survey participants, 1523 experienced a septicemia death. Factors associated with a &gt;2-fold larger hazard of septicemia death included need for help with activities of daily living; self-reported “poor” and “fair” general health; lower education; lower poverty index ratio; self-reported emphysema, liver condition, stroke, and weak or failing kidneys; numerous measures of disability; general health worse than the year prior; &gt;1 pack per day cigarette use; and higher utilization of health care. Blacks had age- and sex-adjusted hazards that were higher for septicemia deaths (hazard ratio [HR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–2.23) than for other causes of death (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.25–1.38). The strongest mediators of the septicemia disparity included self-reported general health condition, family income-poverty ratio, and highest education level achieved.

Conclusions
In this cohort, the major risk factors for septicemia death were similar to those for other causes of death, there was approximately a 2-fold black-white disparity in septicemia deaths, and the strongest mediators of this disparity were across domains of socioeconomic status.
A Dissociation in Effects of Risperidone Monotherapy on Functional and Anatomical Connectivity Within the Default Mode Network
Authors: Zong Xiaofen , Hu Maolin , Pantazatos Spiro P , Mann J John , Wang Gaohua , Liao Yanhui , Liu Zhong-Chun , Liao Wei , Yao Tao , Li Zongchang , He Ying , Lv Luxian , Sang Deen , Tang Jinsong , Chen Huafu , Zheng Junjie , Chen Xiaogang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Respective changes in functional and anatomical connectivities of default mode network (DMN) after antipsychotic treatment have been reported. However, alterations in structure–function coupling after treatment remain unknown. We performed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in 42 drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients (FESP) both at baseline and after 8-weeks risperidone monotherapy, and in 38 healthy volunteers. Independent component analysis was used to assess voxel-wise DMN synchrony. A 3-step procedure was used to trace fiber paths between DMN components. Structure–function couplings were assessed by Pearson’s correlations between mean fractional anisotropy and temporal correlation coefficients in major tracts of DMN. Pretreatment, FESP showed impaired functional connectivity in posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PCUN) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but no abnormalities in fibers connecting DMN components. After treatment, there were significant increases in functional connectivities of PCC/PCUN. Increases in functional connectivity between PCC/PCUN and mPFC correlated with improvement in positive symptoms. The structure–function coupling in tracts connecting PCC/PCUN and bilateral medial temporal lobes decreased after treatment. No alterations in DMN fiber integrity were detected. This combination of functional and anatomical findings in FESP contributes novel evidence related to neurobehavioral treatment effects. Increased functional connectivities between PCC/PCUN and mPFC may be treatment response biomarkers for positive symptoms. Increases in functional connectivities, no alterations in fiber integrity, combined with decreases in structural–functional coupling, suggest that DMN connectivities may be dissociated by modality after 8-week treatment. Major limitations of this study, however, include lack of repeat scans in healthy volunteers and control group of patients taking placebo or comparator antipsychotics.
Association of Histologic Chorioamnionitis With Perinatal Brain Injury and Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Preterm Neonates
Authors: Bierstone Daniel , Wagenaar Nienke , Gano Dawn L. , Guo Ting , Georgio Gregory , Groenendaal Floris , de Vries Linda S. , Varghese Jojy , Glass Hannah C. , Chung Catherine , Terry Jefferson , Rijpert Maarten , Grunau Ruth E. , Synnes Anne , Barkovich A. James , Ferriero Donna M. , Benders Manon , Chau Vann , Miller Steven P. 
Published: November 2018

(Abstracted from JAMA Pediatr 2018;172(6):534–541)
Acute chorioamnionitis refers to the neutrophilic inflammation of the placental tissues thought to result from an ascending bacterial infection. It is considered a major factor associated with preterm birth and has been estimated to occur in 40% to 80% of preterm deliveries.
Variations in Insurance Policies Regarding Adherence to the AGA Guideline for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in IBD
Authors: Yadav Abhijeet , Vasquez Pamela , Dolgin Natasha H. , Falchuk Kenneth R. , Feuerstein Joseph D. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) published guidelines on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in August 2017 recommending use of reactive TDM to guide treatment changes in patients with active IBD who are being treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents or thiopurines. We sought to determine if changes in national clinical practice guidelines result in changes in health care insurance policies within 6 months of publication.

Methods:
Using the National Association of Insurance Commissioners Market Share Reports of the top 125 insurance companies by market share in 2016, we reviewed the largest 50 companies for their publicly available online policies regarding TDM of anti-TNF and thiopurine in IBD. For those with available policies, we looked for whether proactive and/or reactive TDM was covered. Policies were also looked for genetic or enzymatic activity of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) testing before use of thiopurine. All these policies were reviewed within the week of publication of the AGA guideline. They were reviewed again 1, 3, and 6 months later for evaluation of any policy changes after the published AGA guidelines.

Results:
Fifty of the largest insurance company policies were included. With regards to TDM policy for anti-TNF, we did not find a difference between baseline and 6 months values (P=0.38). With regards to TDM policy for thiopurine, we did not find a difference between baseline and 6 months values (P=1.00). About half of the companies did not have a policy regarding TPMT testing for thiopurine use. Of those with available policies for TPMT testing, there was no difference between baseline and 6 months values (P=0.13).

Conclusions:
Even after publication of national guidelines, a large number of the largest health insurance companies do not have a policy regarding reactive TDM for anti-TNF and/or thiopurines. Majority of those with a policy, fail to meet the current standards set forth by the practice guidelines. A significant gap remains between the insurance policies and AGA guidelines. Further studies are needed to determine how to effectuate change to improve insurance company adherence to clinical practice guidelines.
Validation of the short form of the International Crowding Measure in Emergency Departments: an international study
Authors: Boyle Adrian , Atkinson Paul , Basaure Verdejo Carlos , Chan Edward , Clouston Robin , Gilligan Paedar , Grewal Karan , Higginson Ian , Liston Paul , Newcombe Virginia , Norton Valerie , Richter Sophie , Stoica George , Wakai Abel 
Published: November 2018

Objective
There is little consensus on the best way to measure emergency department (ED) crowding. We have previously developed a consensus-based measure, the International Crowding Measure in Emergency Departments. We aimed to externally validate a short form of the International Crowding Measure in Emergency Department (sICMED) against emergency physician’s perceptions of crowding and danger.

Methods
We performed an observational validation study in seven EDs in five different countries. We recorded sICMED observations and the most senior available emergency physician’s perceptions of crowding and danger at the same time. We performed a times series regression model.

Results
A total of 397 measurements were analysed. The sICMED showed moderate positive correlations with emergency physician’s perceptions of crowding, r = 0.4110, P < 0.05) and safety (r = 0.4566, P < 0.05). There was considerable variation in the performance of the sICMED between different EDs. The sICMED was only slightly better than measuring occupancy or ED boarding time.

Conclusion
The sICMED has moderate face validity at predicting clinician’s concerns about crowding and safety, but the strength of this validity varies between different EDs and different countries.
Template for uniform reporting of emergency department measures, consensus according to the Utstein method
Authors: Hruska Katrin , Castrén Maaret , Banerjee Jay , Behringer Wilhelm , Bjørnsen Lars P. , Cameron Peter , Einav Sharon , Holroyd Brian R. , Jones Peter , Lassen Annmarie , Truesdale Melinda , Kurland Lisa 
Published: November 2018

Objective
To develop a template for uniform reporting of standardized measuring and describing of care provided in the emergency department (ED).

Methods
An international group of experts in emergency medicine, with broad experience from different clinical settings, met in Utstein, Norway. Through a consensus process, a limited number of measures that would accurately describe an ED were chosen and a template was developed.

Results
The final measures to be reported and their definitions were grouped into six categories: Structure, Staffing and governance, Population, Process times, Hospital and healthcare system and Outcomes. The template for Utstein-style uniform reporting is presented.

Conclusion
The suggested template is intended for use in studies carried out in EDs to improve comparability and knowledge translation.
The Failure of United States Maternal Mortality Reporting and Its Impact on Women’s Lives
Authors: MacDorman Marian F. , Declercq Eugene 
Published: November 2018

(Abstracted from Birth 2018;45:105–108)
Maternal mortality is a significant public health problem and an important indicator of the quality of health care both nationally and internationally. The death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum is one of the greatest tragedies that can occur within a family, with wide-ranging consequences for the index child, other family members, and the larger society.
Prospective Assessment of Follicular Growth and the Oocyte Cohort After Ovarian Stimulation for Fertility Preservation in 90 Cancer Patients Versus 180 Matched Controls
Authors: Decanter Christine , Robin Geoffroy , Mailliez Audrey , Sigalaa Julien , Morschhauser Franck , Ramdane Nassima , Devos Patrick , Dewailly Didier , Leroy-Martin Brigitte , Keller Laura 
Published: November 2018

(Abstracted from Reprod Biomed Online 2018;36:543–551)
With the increasing incidence of cancer and survival rates among young women, the development of fertility preservation techniques is of critical importance for those who desire future pregnancy. The pattern of ovarian response and oocyte quality after ovarian stimulation in cancer patients of reproductive age has been studied in several retrospective studies, which often compared cancer patients with a historical control; results were mixed.
Injury-free priming: induction of Primary Afferent Collateral Sprouting in uninjured sensory neurons in vivo primes them for enhanced axon outgrowth in vitro
Authors: Soleman Sara , Petruska Jeffrey C. , Moon Lawrence D.F. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrior “conditioning” nerve lesions can prime DRG neurons for enhanced axon regeneration. Here, we tested the hypothesis that adult DRG neurons can be primed for axon elongation in vitro without axonal injury by prior induction of Primary Afferent Collateral Sprouting (PACS) in vivo. Thoracic cutaneous nerves (T9, T10, T12, T13 but not T11) were transected to create zones of denervated skin. Neurons from the uninjured T11 DRG underwent PACS within the skin, as demonstrated by the expansion of its zones responsive to pinch up to 14 days. At 7 or 14 days after induction of collateral sprouting, DRG neurons were dissociated and cultured for 18 hours in defined media lacking neurotrophins and growth factors. Neurons from the uninjured T11 DRG had longer mean neurite lengths than neurons from naïve DRG. A larger proportion of neurons from the uninjured T11 DRG showed an elongating or arborizing phenotype than neurons from naïve DRG. Transcriptomic analysis of the uninjured T11 DRG and denervated/reinnervated skin reveal regulation of receptor/ligand systems and regulators of growth during collateral sprouting. For example, the glial cell-derived neurotrophic family ligands Artemin and Persephin were upregulated in denervated skin after 7 and/or 14 days. We suggest that extracellular cues in denervated skin modify the intrinsic growth program of uninjured DRG neurons that enhances their ability to elongate or arborize even after explantation. Collectively, these data confirm that induction of collateral sprouting does not induce an injury response yet primes many of these uninjured neurons for in vitro axon growth.
Bayesian Shrinkage Estimation of High Dimensional Causal Mediation Effects in Omics Studies
Authors: Song Yanyi , Zhou Xiang , Zhang Min , Zhao Wei , Liu Yongmei , Kardia Sharon L. R. , Diez Roux Ana V. , Needham Belinda L. , Smith Jennifer A. , Mukherjee Bhramar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCausal mediation analysis aims to examine the role of a mediator or a group of mediators that lie in the pathway between an exposure and an outcome. Recent biomedical studies often involve a large number of potential mediators based on high-throughput technologies. Most of the current analytic methods focus on settings with one or a moderate number of potential mediators. With the expanding growth of omics data, joint analysis of molecular-level genomics data with epidemiological data through mediation analysis is becoming more common. However, such joint analysis requires methods that can simultaneously accommodate high-dimensional mediators and that are currently lacking. To address this problem, we develop a Bayesian inference method using continuous shrinkage priors to extend previous causal mediation analysis techniques to a high-dimensional setting. Simulations demonstrate that our method improves the power of global mediation analysis compared to simpler alternatives and has decent performance to identify true non-null mediators. We also construct tests for natural indirect effects using a permutation procedure. The Bayesian method helps us to understand the structure of the composite null hypotheses. We applied our method to Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and identified DNA methylation regions that may actively mediate the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on cardiometabolic outcome.