bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stringent Regulations of Oocyte Donation Among Jewish Women in Israel: Characteristics and Outcomes of the National Oocyte Donation Program in One Central IVF Unit
Authors: Preisler Livia , Samara Nivin , Kalma Yael , Arad Tali , Groutz Asnat , Azem Foad , Amir Hadar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
On September 5, 2010, the Israeli Parliament passed a law that allows Israeli female residents to donate their oocytes to infertile Israeli female residents. This law includes unique restrictions that do not exist in other countries. Our aim was to characterize Israeli oocyte donors and recipients and the outcomes of the oocyte donation program as regulated by national law. This retrospective study included 26 financially compensated volunteer donors (mean age 29 ± 3.52 years) and 69 recipients (mean age 44.6 ± 3.53 years) who underwent 30 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles and 166 embryo transfers (ETs) in our unit between March 2016 and November 2020. Stringent legal caveats unique to Israel (e.g., Jewish/Moslem donor only to Jewish/Moslem recipient, only unmarried donor, eggs in one cycle restricted to ≤ 3 recipients, donated sperm only from non-Jewish donors, and more) were meticulously applied. Sociodemographic characterizations of donors and recipients were reviewed, and pregnancy and obstetric outcomes were determined. Variables that were significant in achieving live births among the recipients were examined. Twenty-five donors and all 69 recipients were Jewish, and most were unmarried and childless. The main indication for seeking egg donation was age ≥ 40 years/perimenopause (80%). One-half of the recipients used donor sperm and one-half used partner sperm. The pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage rates were 28.6%, 19.2%, 18.2%, and 2.8%. The live birth rate was negatively associated with multiple ETs. Maternal complications included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (18.2%), gestational diabetes mellitus (32.3%), and caesarean sections (78.8%). There were no adverse neonatal outcomes. In conclusion, few young women are interested in donating oocytes in Israel. Pregnancy and live birth rates are lower than published values in other egg donation programs.
Why settle?: Partisan-based explanation of investor-state dispute outcomes
Authors: Lee Haillie Na-Kyung , Lee Jong Hyun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper seeks to explain why some investor-state dispute cases are settled before reaching the ruling stage in democracies, focusing on disputes triggered by regulatory changes made by host government. Our argument is grounded in the domestic politics of the respondent country, specifically the partisan orientation of the incumbent government. When faced with regulatory investor claims, respondent governments must balance protecting domestic social welfare with promoting investment. Our theory is that right-leaning governments are more likely to settle because they are more willing to make regulatory concessions to appease foreign investors and attract investment. In contrast, left-leaning governments prefer arbitral rulings over settlements, as they view settlements as a capitulation to foreign investors’ demands at the expense of public welfare. Using original data from 335 investor-state disputes involving democratic host countries between 1994 and 2020, we find support for this claim. Moreover, we provide qualitative evidence from the investor-state dispute between TC Energy Corporation, a Canadian energy company, and the United States, as well as the investor-state disputes triggered by Argentina’s 2002 emergency measures, to confirm our hypothesized causal pathway linking government partisanship to the likelihood of settlement.
Changes in Circulating Levels of Long Non-Coding RNA p5549 and p19461 Following Metabolic Bariatric Surgery (MBS): A Prospective Study
Authors: Ammar Shaimaa , Abdelbaki Tamer , Elsabaa Bassma , El Assi Hoda , Kassem Heba 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Obesity is attributed to a combination of factors such as lifestyle, environmental influences, and genetic background. Nowadays, the issue of obesity has grown to an epidemic scale. Environmental changes, having contributed to the sharp rise in obesity prevalence, are not the only contributing etiologic factors. Inherent biological variables interact with environmental factors resulting in obesity. Epigenetic mechanisms may explain part of obesity heritability. One of the recently discovered epigenetic mechanisms for controlling gene expression is long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Circulating lncRNA p5549 and p19461 levels were reported to be significantly lower in individuals with obesity. This study aimed to evaluate whether weight loss following metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS) can be related to altered expression levels of those lncRNAs, which have been reported to be reduced in individuals with obesity.

Methods
Comparison of circulating levels of lncRNA p5549 and p19461 before and 12 weeks after MBS in thirty-four patients was conducted to evaluate whether MBS can revert the altered levels of these lncRNAs. None of the participating patients were lost to follow-up, and all underwent re-evaluation of post-surgical expression levels.

Results
lncRNA p5549 expression levels in serum were found to increase significantly in the postoperative samples compared to preoperative samples (fold increase: 4.63 ± 7.68, p = 0.014).

Conclusion
Epigenetic changes in patients with obesity, specifically lncRNA-p5549 expression levels, are reversed after MBS. The postoperative increase in the expression levels of lncRNA- p19461 was not statistically significant.
Rückführungen aus Fremdunterbringungen
Authors: Leinzinger Jessica , Lucht Mathilda , Krauskopf Karsten 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Fremdunterbringung von Minderjährigen stellt einen krisenhaften Übergang dar, der hinsichtlich psychologischer Aspekte sowohl aus der Kinder- als auch aus der Perspektive der Eltern (Bezugspersonen) betrachtet werden sollte. Wenngleich vor dem Hintergrund gesetzlicher Regelungen anzustreben, kann die Rückführung als ebensolcher Übergang verstanden werden. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, die Komplexität von Rückführungen in die Herkunftsfamilie sowohl aus der Perspektive der Minderjährigen als auch aus dem elterlichen Blickwinkel darzustellen. In diesem ersten Versuch der Annäherung dient das Konzept der Entwicklungsaufgaben als Orientierungspunkt für die hier angestellten Überlegungen.
Settlement Intentions of Ukrainian Pre-War and Forced Migrants in Poland: Challenges for Migrant Integration Policy at the Local Level
Authors: Gońda Marcin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe paper examines the relationship between the settlement intentions of Ukrainian immigrants and structural integration measures implemented at the local level in Poland. For this purpose, the example of Lodz, a large city in central Poland where large immigration has recently taken place, is analysed. The study was based on a survey of the settlement plans of two Ukrainian immigrant groups: those who moved to Lodz for work or educational purposes (pre-war migrants) and those who found refuge there after Russia’s attack on Ukraine in 2022 (forced migrants). It showed that many Ukrainians were undecided about settling in Lodz, although the pre-war migrants were more willing to stay there than the refugees. Even though both groups have followed different paths of integration into Polish society due to the dissimilar periods of arrival, legal statuses and resources resulting from the distinct polices addressed to labour migrants and refugees, two hypotheses were formulated to verify the assumption that receiving public support and being employed positively impacted their settlement intentions. The analysis demonstrated a statistical correlation only between settlement plans and public support received by the pre-war migrants. Since they received less assistance than the refugees, their expectations in this regard were higher. In turn, the relationship between having a job and further settlement was statistically significant only for the refugees. The majority of pre-war migrants had a job and this factor did not determine their willingness to remain in Lodz so much. The research findings emphasised the importance of tailoring local policies to the needs of different immigrant groups, mainly in job placement, professional retraining, learning Polish or providing housing.
Fabrication and mechanical/biological evaluations of dissolving bird-bill microneedle arrays
Authors: Amano Natsumi , Takaki Yuusei , Takei Harunori , Matsuo Masaaki , Hara Masaya , Tashiro Yasunori , Oniki Takahiro , Ito Takahiro , Hikima Tomohiro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCoated microneedles (MNs) have several disadvantages, including limited drug doses, decreased skin puncture ability due to drug coating, and a risk of clogging and infection due to repeated application. We aimed to fabricate a dissolving bird-bill MN (dBB MN) with a vertical groove between two thin plate-shaped needles and needle pedestal. Moreover, we evaluated its ability to transdermally deliver a large-molecular-weight insulin into the systemic circulation. Hydrogels with various concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or sodium hyaluronate (HA) were prepared, and dBB MN arrays were fabricated by micromolding under negative pressure for potential mass production. The needle height of the dBB MN was at the maximum when the hydrogel was 25 w/w% PVP, with a viscosity of 8–9 Pa∙s. Furthermore, the buckling force of dBB MNs made from 25 w/w% PVP was 130.6 ± 51.0 mN, which increased to 195.6 ± 65.3 mN when insulin was added at 1 w/w%. The skin insertion ability of dBB MN was investigated using swain skin, with micro-holes were confirmed on the skin surface. dBB MN showed biphasic dissolution in the skin; the plate-shaped needles were immediately dissolved within 10 min, while the needle pedestal was slowly dissolved over 180 min. The blood glucose concentration in diabetic rats decreased slowly and significantly after a 3-h application of the insulin-loaded dBB MN array. Therefore, the dBB MN array demonstrated sufficient ability to puncture skin and transdermally deliver a large-molecular-weight drug into the systemic circulation. These findings suggest that the dBB MN array holds promise as a minimal invasive drug delivery platform, with potential applications in improving patient adherence and expanding access to essential therapies, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Graphical abstract
The socialization relevance of digital media practices in adolescence in times of polycrisis
Authors: Hoffmann Dagmar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolitical orientation is one of many developmental tasks that must be achieved during adolescence. Political attitudes are an important facet of the self. Global crises such as wars, hunger, disease, inequality, discrimination, displacement, and climate change are complex issues that challenge young people to take a stance. They are omnipresent and all but unavoidable. Nevertheless, not all youth participate in political discourse or engage in protest—in whatever form—against the developments that affect them.The article inquires into how, in times of polycrisis, young people become politically interested and active individuals by engaging with the so-called ‘civic web’. What potential is offered by which digital infrastructures and which forms of political participation are relevant for young people in their everyday lives and socialization? What conditions need to be in place to motivate young people to participate and engage in politics on and via the internet, especially in the long term? First, common digital media practices, their distribution and effectiveness are described. Numerous studies have shown that young people are less active and careless online than is generally assumed. From the perspective of youth and media sociology, young people’s modes of use are considered, as well as how they weigh up the consequences of certain media practices and ambivalent developments. Last but not least, the conditions that promote or hinder participation and political engagement are critically discussed.
Generative Artificial Intelligence in Mental Healthcare: An Ethical Evaluation
Authors: Blease Charlotte , Rodman Adam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Since November 2022, generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, that are powered by large language models (LLM) have been the subject of growing attention in healthcare. Using biomedical ethical principles to frame our discussion, this review seeks to clarify the current ethical implications of these chatbots, and to identify the key empirical questions that should be pursued to inform ethical practice.

Recent findings
In the past two years, research has been conducted into the capacity of generative AI chatbots to pass medical school examinations, evaluate complex diagnostic cases, solicit patient histories, interpret and summarize clinical documentation, and deliver empathic care. These studies demonstrate the scope and growing potential of this AI to assist with clinical tasks.

Summary
Despite increasing recognition that generative AI can play a valuable role in assisting with clinical tasks, there has been limited, focused attention paid to the ethical consequences of these technologies for mental healthcare. Adopting a framework of biomedical ethics, this review sought to evaluate the ethics of generative AI tools in mental healthcare, and to motivate further research into the benefits and harms of these tools.
Patient-Perceived Physician Bias in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
Authors: Rinderknecht Fatuma-Ayaan , Naik Haley 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating and understudied inflammatory skin disease that disproportionately impacts Black Americans. The objective of this study was to explore the role that race and ethnicity may play in HS patients’ perceptions of physician bias and their care quality. We administered a cross-sectional anonymous online survey to individuals with HS from June 13 to 30, 2021. Items from the Commonwealth Fund 2001 Health Care Quality Survey were employed to evaluate whether participants felt they were judged based on their race or ethnicity. Data was analyzed utilizing the test of equal or given proportions for assessing statistical significance with a threshold p-value < 0.05. The survey received a total of 1040 responses. The cohort was majority female and racially and ethnically diverse, with participants from six continents. Overall, 15.2% (136/894) of respondents reported feeling that they would receive better care if they were of a different race/ethnicity, and 13.6% (122/894) felt their primary HS provider treated them unfairly based on their race. Participants who belonged to minority groups more often reported feeling that they would receive better medical care if they were of a different race/ethnicity and felt that they were treated unfairly due to their race/ethnicity compared to White participants. These findings highlight the need to better understand the complex systemic and interpersonal factors at play in interactions between HS patients and healthcare providers to ensure that patients can receive much-needed care.
Berufliche Zufriedenheit und gesundheitliche Situation von Akkord- und Fließbandarbeitern eines deutschen Logistikunternehmens im Versandhandel
Authors: Rother Julia , Darius Sabine , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der heutigen digitalen Gesellschaft erfährt der Online-Handel eine enorm steigende Nachfrage. Für deren Bewältigung haben sich im Versandhandel vor allem Akkord- und Fließbandarbeit etabliert, die für die Beschäftigten nicht nur eine physische, sondern v. a. auch eine hohe psychische Arbeitsbelastung darstellen. Die vorliegende Querschnittsstudie untersucht die berufliche Zufriedenheit und gesundheitliche Situation von Akkord- und Fließbandarbeitern eines deutschen Logistikunternehmens. An der Studie nahmen 24 Beschäftigte unter Akkord- (Alter 47,5 ± 11,6 Jahre) und 25 Beschäftigte unter Fließbandarbeitsbedingungen (Alter 49,4 ± 9,1 Jahre) freiwillig teil. Die Skalen zur Erfassung der subjektiven Belastung und Unzufriedenheit im beruflichen Bereich (SBUSB) dienten der Erhebung der Zufriedenheit am Arbeitsplatz und der Fragebogen zur Erfassung körperlicher, psychischer und sozial-kommunikativer Beeinträchtigung (KOEPS) der Registrierung sowohl physischer als auch psychischer Beanspruchungsreaktionen. Die am Fließband Beschäftigten berichteten signifikant häufiger von einer sozial-kommunikativen Beeinträchtigung (p < 0,05) und einer mangelnden Erholung (p < 0,05). Die anderen Kategorien der beiden Fragebögen deckten keine Unterschiede auf. Es werden betriebliche Präventionsmaßnahmen diskutiert, die der psychischen Gesundheit der Beschäftigten im Versandhandel zugutekommen.
The Pine Pathogen Diplodia sapinea: Expanding Frontiers
Authors: Wingfield Michael J. , Slippers Bernard , Barnes Irene , Duong Tuan A. , Wingfield Brenda D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review offers a thorough examination of the pine pathogen Diplodia sapinea, tracing its historical significance from its initial impact on South African non-native Pinus plantations to its recent emergence as a major threat to forests, particularly in Europe. It also highlights recent findings regarding its taxonomic position, genetic studies, and shifts from being perceived as a wound-infecting pathogen to an endophyte in healthy Pinus species that causes disease after stress.

Recent Findings
Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the damage caused by D. sapinea in natural and planted forests. This escalation is apparently strongly linked to climate change. The pathogen’s previously confused taxonomic position has been clearly resolved in the Botryosphaeriaceae, alongside several sibling species. Diplodia sapinea is now well-understood as an endophyte in healthy trees, which has significant implications for studies aimed at understanding its biology. Importantly, robust techniques including those utilizing genome sequences, are now available for rapid identification and population genetic studies of the pathogen and the factors that drive disease outbreaks.

Summary
Over the past century, D. sapinea has transitioned from a localized problem in South African non-native plantations to a global threat to both natural and planted forests, particularly in Europe. This review underscores the importance of historical context in understanding the evolution of the pathogen’s impact. It also lays the foundation for future research endeavours, leveraging modern technologies to address key questions surrounding its biology and ecology.
On the Moments of the Asymmetric n-Player Gambler’s Ruin Problem
Authors: Phetpradap Parkpoom , Sripanitan Natkamon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study the asymmetric n-player gambler’s ruin problem with ties allowed, where each player has equal capital of d units of money. In each round, the probabilities of winning from each player are fixed and the outcomes are independent from previous rounds. The game ends when at least one player run out of the money. The duration of the game is called the ruin time. For $$1 \le d < n$$

1
≤
d
<
n

, the formula of the moments of ruin time is found by Hashemiparast and Sabzevari (2011). Moreover, for $$d=n$$

d
=
n

or $$n+1$$

n
+
1

, the expectation and variance of ruin time were found by Hashemiparast and Sabzevari Hashemiparast and Sabzevari (2011) and Sabzevari(2017) respectively. In this work, we obtain the explicit formulas of the moments of ruin time for the cases $$d=n, n+1$$

d
=
n
,
n
+
1

. Recurrence relation techniques are used to prove the results. Our results agree with the results from Monte carlo simulations. These novel formulas allow us to compute all the moments of the ruin time of the game, including expectation and variance.
Effects of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation on Physiological Responses to Acute Stress: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hart-Pomerantz Hannah , Roe Elizabeth , Brunyé Tad T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhysiological responses to acute stress generally proceed through two phases: first, a rapid and transient sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system response, and second, a slow and relatively sustained hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response. These responses are associated with changes in heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal responses, blood pressure, and salivary biomarkers such as alpha amylase and cortisol. Through the interactions of biochemical responses to stress and distributed brain regions including the amygdala, hippocampus, striatum, and prefrontal cortex, acute stress exposure can also adversely affect cognitive function. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct, alternating, and random noise stimulation (tDCS, tACS, tRNS), has been examined for its potential ability to modulate physiological responses to stress and buffer negative impacts of stress on cognitive function. This systematic review surveyed research examining the effects of tES on physiological responses to acute stress in healthy neurotypical samples, examining cardiorespiratory (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate), peripheral (e.g., electrodermal), and biochemical (e.g., alpha amylase, salivary cortisol) outcomes. Sixteen reports were identified for inclusion. The articles showed low to high risk of bias, used a diverse set of acute stress induction techniques and tES methodologies, and examined a wide range of physiological outcomes. We found mixed evidence for the effectiveness of tES in reducing acute stress responses, and suggest that some tES methodologies may be more promising than others. Several directions for continuing research are proposed to help elucidate the mechanisms underlying tES effects on acute stress responses and clarify its potential for application to cognitive enhancement domains.
Incidence of and Factors Associated with Spontaneous Correction of Postoperative Shoulder Imbalance in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chawanpaiboon Pakorn , Thanapipatsiri Surin , Chotigavanichaya Chatupon , Wilartratsami Sirichai , Ruangchainikom Monchai , Korwutthikulrangsri Ekkapoj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
As far as we know, no study has investigated spontaneous postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. The objective is to assess the incidence of and associated factors for spontaneous PSI correction in AIS patients.

Methods
The study evaluated 144 postoperative AIS patients with PSI aged 10–20 years between 2010 and 2018. An analysis included demographic data and radiographic measurements (Risser grading, Lenke type, upper instrumented vertebra [UIV], and lowest instrumented vertebra [LIV]). Preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up radiographs were evaluated for shoulder parameters: radiologic shoulder height (RSH); T1 tilt angle; clavicle angle (CA); proximal thoracic curve (PTC), main thoracic curve (MTC), and lumbar curve (LC) Cobb measurements; and apical vertebral translation (AVT) of the PTC, MTC, and LC.

Results
Spontaneous PSI correction was observed in 99 (68.75%) patients. The spontaneous correction and nonspontaneous correction groups differed significantly in terms of Lenke-type preoperative LC (23° vs 26°; P = 0.091), postoperative LC (11° vs 8°; P = 0.013), LC at follow-up (13.5° vs 9°; P = 0.028), postoperative AVT of LC (− 0.8° vs − 0.4°; P = 0.033), AVT of LC at follow-up (− 0.7° vs − 0.1°; P = 0.091), PTC at follow-up (16° vs 20°; P = 0.019), and AVT of PTC at follow-up (0° vs -0.3°; P = 0.029). Multivariate analysis identified postoperative T1 tilt and postoperative LC as significantly associated with PSI correction.

Conclusions
The incidence of spontaneous PSI correction is high. Postoperative T1 tilt and postoperative LC are significantly associated with spontaneous PSI correction.