bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index and Chronic Pain: Insights From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004
Authors: Huang Qiqi , Lin Liling , Li Jingwen , Lin Jianwei , Zeng Zhaopei , Fu Yuan , Qiu Junxiong , Zheng Junmeng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionNutrition and inflammation are known factors in chronic pain, but their combined influence is not fully understood. This study investigates the associations between advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and various types of pain, including joint pain, neck pain, low back pain, and severe headaches and migraines.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, a total of 3842 participants were recruited from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004. Participants were categorized into three groups based on ALI tertiles: low (≤ 46.982), moderate (> 46.982 and ≤ 70.359), and high (> 70.359). Logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and stratified analyses were employed to assess the relationship between ALI and various types of pain.ResultsHigh ALI consistently correlated with an increased risk of joint pain (fully adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.284; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.044–1.578) compared to low ALI. However, limited evidence was found in other types of pain. Stratified analyses revealed that high ALI was particularly associated with joint pain in specific demographics, including females (OR: 1.607; 95% CI: 1.205–2.144; p = 0.002), individuals aged ≥ 65 years (OR: 1.914; 95% CI: 1.254–2.923; p = 0.004), and those with a high school diploma (OR: 1.630; 95% CI: 1.171–2.268; p = 0.006). ALI also showed a positive association with multisite pain (p < 0.05), with RCS analysis revealing a linear relationship between ALI and joint pain, escalating beyond 57.85.ConclusionsThis study highlights the association between ALI and joint pain, particularly among females and older individuals. Furthermore, ALI may influence the presence of pain at multiple sites.
The Effects of the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI Complex on Macrophage Autophagy and its Mechanism
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Zhang Guiting , Wang Ting , Zhou Hong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious research has established that the oxidized low‐density lipoprotein/β2‐glycoprotein I/anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibody (oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI) complex can stimulate macrophages to secrete molecules associated with atherosclerosis (AS), such as monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‐1), tissue factor (TF), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). This complex also enhances the uptake of oxLDL, thereby accelerating foam cell formation through the Toll‐like receptor‐4/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR4/NF‐κB) pathway. Given the critical role of macrophage autophagy in the instability of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, it is imperative to investigate whether the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI complex influences macrophage autophagy in AS. This study aims to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI complex on macrophage autophagy in AS.MethodsExperiments were conducted using murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells and the human monocytic cell line THP‐1. Western blot analysis was employed to determine the expressions of autophagy‐associated markers and signaling pathway proteins. Autophagosomes were detected through mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 adenoviral transfection and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).ResultsTreatment of macrophages with the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI complex resulted in decreased expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 proteins, alongside an upregulation of SQSTM1/P62 protein expression. Additionally, there was a reduction in the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. An increase in the phosphorylation levels of phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was also observed. Notably, the expressions of autophagy‐associated markers were partially restored when the TLR4/NF‐κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were inhibited by their respective inhibitors.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‐β2GPI complex inhibits macrophage autophagy in AS via the TLR4/NF‐κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.
Prognostic assessment of T‐cells in primary colorectal cancer and paired synchronous or metachronous liver metastasis
Authors: Trailin Andriy , Ali Esraa , Ye Wenjing , Pavlov Sergii , Červenková Lenka , Vyčítal Ondřej , Ambrozkiewicz Filip , Hošek Petr , Daum Ondřej , Liška Václav , Hemminki Kari 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrognostic value of T‐cells between primary colorectal cancer (pCRC) and its paired synchronous and metachronous liver metastasis (LM) is underinvestigated and is the subject of the present study. We enrolled into this retrospective cohort study patients, who underwent resection of both pCRC and synchronous LM (N = 55) or metachronous LM (N = 44). After immunohistochemical staining for CD3+, CD8+, and CD45R0+ whole slides were scanned and T‐cell densities were quantified using QuPath software in tumor center (TC), inner margin (IM), outer margin (OM), and peritumor zone (PT) of pCRC and LM. High densities of CD8+ T‐cells in TC, OM and PT of synchronous LM were associated with longer disease‐free survival (DFS). Greater densities of CD3+ T‐cells in IM and PT and CD8+ T‐cells in IM, OM and PT in synchronous LM over pCRC were associated with longer DFS. Greater densities of CD8+ T‐cells in the TC and IM and CD3+ T‐cells in the IM of pCRC were found in the metachronous over synchronous group. The first novel finding demonstrated that high density of CD8+ T cells in synchronous LM were associated with favorable outcome. The second finding of high CD8+ cell density in pCRC in metachronous over synchronous CRC may provide a mechanistic basis for the delay of metastatic spread. Both findings could be applied clinically with own reference values.
High‐Efficiency Targeted Gene Transfection of Cells Using Temporal and Spatial Shaping Femtosecond Laser Irradiation
Authors: Guo Baoshan , Song Ziyan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLaser‐irradiation‐assisted cell gene transfection is sterile and nontoxic, but the low transfection efficiency cannot meet the application requirements. To improve the efficiency, a temporal and spatial shaping method of a femtosecond laser is proposed. Using the time shaping method, we can segment the pulse into subpulses of varying energies and with a defined delay, thereby influencing the interaction between electrons and photons, ultimately enhancing transfection efficiency. The transfection efficiency is further improved by spatially shaping the laser pulse to extend the focusing beam's working distance and reduce the cell's sensitivity to the focal position. Through the characterization of the viability and transfection efficiency of HEK‐293T cells, the method achieved efficient and active transfection, with a maximum transfection efficiency of 45.1% and a cell survival rate of 93.6%. This method provides key technical support for femtosecond laser transfection and promotes its further application in clinical practice.
Novel Insights Into the Ultrastructural and Immunofluorescence Characteristics of Limb Skin in the Red‐Eared Slider Turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Authors: Alsafy Mohamed A. M. , El‐Gendy Samir A. A. , Ez Elarab Samar M. , El‐Mansi Ahmed A. , Eldesoqui Mamdouh B. , Rashwan Ahmed M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe red‐eared slider turtle, a species facing environmental challenges and habitat loss, exhibits a complex skin architecture that is crucial for its adaptation and survival. Our study aims to provide a comprehensive characterization of the turtle's skin structure and to elucidate the distribution and localization of its various cellular components, with a focus on understanding the skin's role in adaptation and ecological interactions. To achieve these goals, we employed light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and comprehensive immunofluorescence using 10 specific antibodies. The forelimb skin displays large‐ and moderate‐sized scales with variations in color, including dark, yellow, and gray hues, likely contributing to camouflage and protection. The skin consists of corneous material, the epidermis, the dermis, and the hypodermis. The stratum basalis, stratum spinosum, and peri‐corneous layer constitute the three distinct layers of the epidermis. There are four distinct types of chromatophores, including melanocytes located in the epidermis, while melanophores, xanthophores, and iridophores are found within the dermal layer. The skin also exhibits well‐developed peripheral nerves, blood vessels, and subcutaneous muscles. Immunofluorescence staining further elucidates the distribution and localization of various skin cells. E‐cadherin and CK14 are strongly expressed in the epidermal layers, excluding the corneous material. E‐cadherin surrounds keratinocyte cells in the epidermis, facilitating cell–cell adhesion, while CK14 is present inside the keratinocyte cells, contributing to their internal structural integrity. Sox10 and CD117 identify the four chromatophore types, with Melan‐A specifically detecting only melanocytes and melanophores and not labeling xanthophores and iridophores. Tom20 is used to detect mitochondrial distribution and intensity in the skin, revealing a high density of mitochondria in all epidermal layers, especially in melanocytes and melanophores, compared to xanthophores and iridophores. Numerous telocytes, spindle‐shaped with extensions called telopods, are detected in the dermis using CD34, PDGFRα, and vimentin. The skin of the red‐eared slider also shows abundant myofibroblasts and well‐developed vascularization, with numerous blood vessels detected using α‐SMA. This novel study offers an in‐depth examination of the limb skin of the red‐eared slider through the use of 10 distinct antibodies, uncovering the intricate interactions among its cellular components and providing valuable insights into its anatomical structure and physiological adaptations. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the turtle's skin, which may aid in its conservation and management.
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Nario Steffanie , Househ Zaid , Al‐Sohaily Sam I 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA 73‐year‐old female with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presented with melena and lethargy. She was found to be iron deficient with a hemoglobin of 101 g/L. Her gastroscopy found six irregular pedunculated non‐bleeding polyps, 10–20 mm in diameter. Histopathology of the resected polyp returned as metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Gastric metastases from any primary malignancy are rare and metastatic RCC accounts for only 7% of these tumors. Furthermore, while RCC commonly metastasises to the lung, bone and lymph nodes, metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is extremely rare, occurring in <1% of patients. Presentation of RCC as a gastric polyp is usually a late event, and on average occurs 6.7 years after initial diagnosis of RCC. Therefore, this case highlights a rare but important late complication of RCC, presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to gastric metastases.
Odd chromatic number of graph classes
Authors: Belmonte Rémy , Harutyunyan Ararat , Köhler Noleen , Melissinos Nikolaos 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA graph is called odd (respectively, even) if every vertex has odd (respectively, even) degree. Gallai proved that every graph can be partitioned into two even induced subgraphs, or into an odd and an even induced subgraph. We refer to a partition into odd subgraphs as an odd colouring of . Scott proved that a connected graph admits an odd colouring if and only if it has an even number of vertices. We say that a graph is ‐odd colourable if it can be partitioned into at most odd induced subgraphs. The odd chromatic number of , denoted by , is the minimum integer for which is ‐odd colourable. We initiate the systematic study of odd colouring and odd chromatic number of graph classes. We first consider a question due to Scott, which states that every graph of even order has , for some positive constant , by proving that this is indeed the case if is restricted to having girth at least seven. We also show that any graph whose all components have even order satisfies , where is the maximum degree of . Next, we show that certain interesting classes have bounded odd chromatic number. Our main results in this direction are that interval graphs, graphs of bounded modular‐width all have bounded odd chromatic number. In particular, every even interval graph is 6‐odd colourable, and every even graph is ‐odd colourable, where is the modular width of a graph.
Same day discharge after hepatectomy: Can it be done safely?
Authors: Kashif Zain , Imtiaz Sayed , Ahmed Saif , Emamaullee Juliet , Sheikh Mohd Raashid 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the advent of minimally invasive techniques and enhanced recovery pathways, outpatient surgery is becoming increasingly common, but has not yet been extensively described in liver surgery. The aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of patients undergoing outpatient hepatectomy in the US.MethodsWe utilized the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database for patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic, elective hepatectomy from 2014 to 2021. Patients discharged on postoperative day 0 were assigned to the “same‐day discharge” group, otherwise the patient was considered “admitted.” Postoperative outcomes were compared with propensity‐matched analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of postoperative LOS (length of stay).ResultsWe identified 7279 patients, of which 361 were in the same‐day discharge cohort and 6918 were in the admitted cohort. For admitted patients, median postoperative length of stay was three days (SD = 6). Same‐day discharge patients tended to be younger (age 59 vs. 62, p = .034) and more often ASA class ≤2 (49% vs. 29%, p < .001). Comorbidities such as hypertension (40% vs. 45%, p = .048) and diabetes (12% vs. 19%, p = .002) were less common in the same‐day discharge cohort. On propensity‐matched comparison, there was no significant difference in 30‐day mortality (p > .9), 30‐day readmission (p = .2), and overall postoperative complication rate (p = .2). Predictors of longer postoperative LOS included longer operative time, inpatient hospital status, preoperative transfusion, dependent functional status, and use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that for low‐risk patients and uncomplicated cases, same‐day discharge after minimally invasive, elective hepatectomy is feasible without compromising patient safety and outcomes.
Combination of Boundary Elements and the Ellipsoid Method for Optimizing the Electromagnetic Fields of Overhead Power Lines
Authors: Duane B. A. M. , Afonso M. M. , Paganotti A. L. , Schroeder M. A. O. , Saldanha R. R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study proposes a numerical approach aimed at mitigating electromagnetic field intensities at ground level generated by overhead power lines. The methodology integrates the boundary element method for field evaluation with the ellipsoid method for field optimization, while adhering to critical design and safety constraints. The optimized power line configurations, derived from this integrated approach, achieved significant reductions in both electric and magnetic field magnitudes at ground level without compromising any specified constraints. Moreover, the research findings demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, and practical applicability of the proposed methodology in the design of optimized power lines, offering potential for increased power transfer capability, and decreased environmental and health impacts.
Ramp lesions of the medial meniscus are associated with greater preoperative anterior knee laxity in anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Tokura Takeo , Nagai Kanto , Hoshino Yuichi , Okimura Kenjiro , Otsuki Yuhei , Nishida Kyohei , Kanzaki Noriyuki , Matsushita Takehiko , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the incidence of ramp lesions in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and to compare preoperative knee laxity between the patients with and without ramp lesions by using an electromagnetic measurement system (EMS).MethodsTwo hundred six patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction with preoperative EMS measurements were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. The diagnoses of the ramp lesions were made by arthroscopic inspections. The patients with ramp lesions and no other meniscal lesions were allocated to ‘ramp group’, and the patients without any meniscal lesions were allocated to ‘control group’. Before ACL reconstruction under general anaesthesia, the side‐to‐side difference (SSD) in anterior tibial translation (ATT) during Lachman test (mm) and tibial acceleration (m/s2) of posterior tibial reduction during the pivot‐shift test was measured using the EMS. The SSD in tibial internal/external rotation angle (°) at 30, 60 and 90 were further measured using the EMS. The SSD in ATT using KT‐2000 was also measured. Knee laxity measurements were compared between two groups using unpaired Student's t test.ResultsRamp lesions were observed in 30 patients (14.7%). Subsequently, 17 patients were allocated to ‘ramp group’ and 77 patients to ‘control group’, and there were no statistical differences with regard to background demographics. ATT‐SSD during Lachman test was significantly greater in ‘ramp group’ (9.1 [95% confidence interval, CI: 5.7–12.5] mm vs. 6.2 [95% CI: 5.1–7.3] mm, p = 0.037). However, SSD in ATT with KT‐2000, tibial acceleration during pivot‐shift test, and SSD in tibial rotational angles were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionPresence of ramp lesion was associated with increased anterior knee laxity during Lachman test, suggesting ramp lesions may need to be addressed at the time of ACL reconstruction.Level of EvidenceIV.
Meniscal allograft transplantation in patients with substantial cartilage disease led to a sustained long‐term improvement in patient‐reported outcome measures
Authors: Ahmed Imran , Khatri Chetan , Spalding Tim , Smith Nick 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeDue to a lack of consensus regarding effective treatment options in young patients, the indications of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) have widened to include those with substantial cartilage disease. The aim of this study was to report the long‐term patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and allograft survival rates for patients with substantial cartilage disease.MethodsA review of the prospectively maintained database was performed. Patients with International Cartilage Repair Society 3b or above cartilage grading in either their femur or tibia were classified as having substantial cartilage disease. Postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee, Tegner, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Lysholm were compared between those with and without substantial cartilage disease. Kaplan–Meir analysis was used to assess the survival rates. Survival was defined as revision or removal of allograft or conversion to arthroplasty.ResultsData from 422 patients were included in the analysis with 129 patients found to have full‐thickness chondral lesions and 281 patients without full‐thickness chondral lesions. The mean follow‐up was 6.33 (SD 3.48) years for the cohort. The mean age for the entire cohort was 30 (SD 9.23). Patients in substantial cartilage disease group underwent meniscal transplantation at an older age (32 [standard deviation {SD} 8.47] years vs. 29 [SD 9.35] years [p < 0.001]). There was no significant difference in PROMs between the two groups up to 10 years postoperatively (p > 0.05). The substantial cartilage disease group had significantly lower survival rates compared to those without (80.62% vs. 94.32%).ConclusionsMAT in the context of substantial cartilage disease was associated with an improvement in PROMs up to 10 years with no difference to the group without substantial cartilage disease. The PROMs in combination with the long‐term survival rates in this study can be used to counsel patients preoperatively.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
The Agroecological Transition of Farms in the Ecuadorian Andes Through the Lens of the Main Agroecological Structure
Authors: Saenz‐Lituma Gabriel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMany sectors of society have urged a transition from modern conventional agriculture to more sustainable alternatives. One of the most frequently mentioned is agroecology, due to its potential to improve soil health, promote agrobiodiversity, food sovereignty, and regenerate ecosystem functions. However, complex systems such as farms demand the transformation of a broad set of characteristics and practices for its transition. These factors are, in turn, conditioned by social, educational, economic, and political factors. Therefore, a clear understanding of the main drivers behind the management of farms is vital for supporting an effective transition. This research applied the main agroecological structure (MAS) methodology, which employs 10 indicators (5 biological, 5 cultural) to evaluate the degree of connectivity of a farm with the landscape, the agrobiodiversity present in living fences and crops, and the practices employed by farmers to support and preserve it. Finally, the MAS methodology gives farms a score from 0 to 100, understood as the degree of development of its agroecological structure, or as the “resilience” of a system in agroecological transition. Measurements were performed in 20 farms with different degrees of agroecological transition, in five locations of the northern‐central Andean region of Ecuador. The farms had a moderately developed structure on average (71.05 over 100), and MAS variation was not correlated to the size of the farm, nor with its degree of connectivity with the surrounding landscape. It was rather significantly related to the geographic location of the study site. One of the main differences between study sites was a more extended prevalence of cooperation and development programs, suggesting a strong connection between the development of agroecological practices and capacity building processes. For this reason, the author proposes that MAS measurements should be complemented with deeper analyses of the capacity‐building background of each site. This study aims to establish a baseline of the MAS in Ecuador, and to provide new tools for monitoring and supporting agroecological transition.