bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sticky situations: 'Force' and quantifier domains
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew , Phillips Jonathan 
Published: November 2018

When do we judge that someone was forced to do what they did? One relatively well-established finding is that subjects tend to judge that agents were not forced to do actions when those actions violate norms. A surprising discovery of Young & Phillips 2011 is that this effect seems to disappear when we frame the relevant ‘force’-claim in the active rather than passive voice ('X forced Y to φ' vs. 'Y was forced to φ by X'). Young and Phillips found a similar contrast when the scenario itself shifts attention from Y (the forcee) to X (the forcer). We propose that these effects can be (at least partly) explained by way of the role of attention in the setting of quantifier domains which in turn play a role in the evaluation of ‘force’- claims. We argue for this hypothesis by way of an experiment which shows that sequences of active vs. passive ‘force’-claims display the characteristic “stickiness” of quantifier domain expansion, using a paradigm which we argue provides a useful general paradigm for testing quantifier domain hypotheses. Finally, we sketch a semantics for ‘force’ which we argue is suitable for capturing these effects.
Determination of the Subset of Sjögren’s Syndrome with Articular Manifestations by Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies
Authors: IWAMOTO NAOKI , KAWAKAMI ATSUSHI , TAMAI MAMI , FUJIKAWA KEITA , ARIMA KAZUHIKO , ARAMAKI TOSHIYUKI , KAWASHIRI SHINYA , ICHINOSE KUNIHIRO , KAMACHI MAKOTO , NAKAMURA HIDEKI , ORIGUCHI TOMOKI , IDA HIROAKI , EGUCHI KATSUMI 
Published: November 2018

Objective.To investigate whether anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) predict the subset of Japanese patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) with articular manifestations.Methods.Eighty-seven patients with SS were enrolled. Prevalence of anti-CCP antibodies, IgM rheumatoid factor, anti-Ro/SSA antibody, anti-La/SSB antibody, and serum IgG concentration and their relation to articular manifestations were examined. Articular manifestations included morning stiffness and the presence of tender or swollen joints.Results.Eighty-seven SS patients were divided into 3 groups: 14 secondary SS with nonerosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 47 primary SS with articular manifestations; and 26 primary SS without articular manifestations. Ten out of 14 secondary SS with nonerosive RA expressed anti-CCP. Anti-CCP was the only statistically proven marker preferentially distributed in patients with articular manifestations (the first 2 groups) compared to primary SS without such manifestations; however, its frequency was low in primary SS. No patient with primary SS without articular manifestations expressed anti-CCP.Conclusion.Anti-CCP is found in the subset of Japanese with SS with articular manifestations although most of those with anti-CCP-positive SS were classified as secondary SS with RA.
Ubuntu considered in light of exclusion of people with disabilities
Authors: Ngubane-Mokiwa Sindile A. 
Published: November 2018

Background: This article emanates from a study funded by the KwaZulu-Natal chapter of South Africa’s National Research Foundation on the ‘Archaeology of Ubuntu’. It explores the notion of ubuntu and disability in a group of Zulu people from four communities within KwaZulu-Natal. The study is based on the notion that ubuntu is humaneness. Being human is linked to notions of care, respect and compassion.Objectives: The article explores the treatment of people with disabilities from the elders’ perspectives in this community.Method: This article is based on qualitative data resulting from structured interviews conducted in the KwaZulu-Natal Province between February and March 2015.Results: The results reveal that society considered the birth of a disabled child as a curse from God and punishment from the ancestors. The results also indicate that people with disabilities were excluded from community activities; marrying a disabled person was unthinkable because they were stigmatised and dehumanised. The work of Hannah Arendt is used to interrogate people’s perceptions of others with disabilities in their communities.Conclusion: The article posits that treatment of people with disabilities is not cast in stone but can be renegotiated and restructured through community engagement to represent genuine inclusion.
Ncepod and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, What are the Views of those who Deliver the Service? A Survey of Consultants and Trainees in North Eastern England
Authors: Mitchison H , Saksena S , Hudson M 
Published: November 2018

Background National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) ‘Measuring the Units’ (June 2013) identified significant organisational and attitudinal deficits in hospital care of patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), care being recognised as good in less than 50% of patients. Method We surveyed over 700 consultants and trainees in acute medical and intensive therapy specialties to examine their perceptions of the NCEPOD findings. Results A total of 178 responded. In keeping with the NCEPOD findings, their perception was of lack of 24-hour access to specialty advice for patients with liver disease and inequity of access to high-dependency units. Their explanations include lack of resources, therapeutic nihilism and prejudicial judgements that would not be made of other patient groups. Conclusion There is an urgent need for robust mechanisms to ensure equity of access to specialist liver advice and intensive therapy unit resources, and to counter negative and prejudicial attitudes to these patients.
Uma revolução conservadora na edição
Authors: Bourdieu Pierre 
Published: November 2018

Assim como o livro, objeto de duas faces – econômica e simbólica –, é tanto mercadoria quanto significação, o editor é também um personagem duplo, condenado a conciliar a arte e o dinheiro, o amor à literatura e a meta de lucro, por meio de estratégias que se situam em algum lugar entre dois extremos: a submissão cínica aos critérios comerciais e a indiferença heroica ou desatinada às necessidades econômicas. Contra a ilusão da autonomia das relações de “decisão” visíveis (editor, equipes de avaliação, pareceristas, diretores de coleção), que leva a ignorar as coerções do campo, este artigo mostra os determinantes econômicos e sociais das estratégias editoriais. A partir do estudo de 61 editoras de obras de literatura francesa ou traduzidas que foram publicadas entre julho de 1995 e julho de 1996, uma análise de correspondência múltipla permite vislumbrar a estrutura do campo editorial. Observa-se, antes de mais nada, do ponto de vista do volume global do capital acumulado pelas editoras, a oposição entre as grandes empresas mais antigas, que acumulam todos os tipos de capital (econômico, comercial e simbólico), cujo paradigma é a Gallimard, e as pequenas empresas recentes que, estando na fase inicial da acumulação, são menos ou mais desprovidas de todo tipo de capital, mesmo quando possuem certo capital simbólico na forma de estima ou admiração de alguns “descobridores”, críticos e escritores de vanguarda, livreiros ilustrados e leitores bem informados. O segundo fator observável é o que distingue as editoras de acordo com a estrutura de seu capital, ou seja, conforme o peso relativo de seu capital financeiro (assim como de seu poderio comercial) e do capital simbólico de seu passado recente ou de sua atividade atual (por oposição àquele que elas acumularam desde a sua fundação). Já o terceiro eixo de análise separa as editoras que não publicam traduções ou publicam poucas e sobretudo de textos versados em línguas pouco difundidas, e aquelas que, mais à mercê das coerções do mercado, traduzem muito e sobretudo do inglês, ou seja, literatura comercial de sucesso garantido.
Microphysical characteristics of frozen droplet aggregates from deep convective clouds
Authors: Um Junshik , McFarquhar Greg M. , Stith Jeffrey L. , Jung Chang Hoon , Lee Seoung Soo , Lee Ji Yi , Shin Younghwan , Lee Yun Gon , Yang Yiseok Isaac , Yum Seong Soo , Kim Byung-Gon , Cha Joo Wan , Ko A-Reum 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. During the 2012 Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry
(DC3) experiment the National Science Foundation/National Center for
Atmospheric Research Gulfstream V (GV) aircraft sampled the upper anvils of
two storms that developed in eastern Colorado on 6 June 2012. A cloud
particle imager (CPI) mounted on the GV aircraft recorded images of ice
crystals at altitudes of 12.0 to 12.4 km and temperatures (T) from −61 to −55 ∘C.
A total of 22 393 CPI crystal images were analyzed, all with maximum
dimension (Dmax⁡)<433 µm and with an average Dmax⁡ of
80.7±45.4 µm. The occurrence of well-defined pristine crystals
(e.g., columns and plates) was less than 0.04 % by number. Single frozen
droplets and frozen droplet aggregates (FDAs) were the dominant habits with
fractions of 73.0 % (by number) and 46.3 % (by projected area),
respectively. The relative frequency of occurrence of single frozen droplets
and FDAs depended on temperature and position within the anvil cloud. A new algorithm that uses the circle Hough transform technique was developed
to automatically identify the number, size, and relative position of element
frozen droplets within FDAs. Of the FDAs, 42.0 % had two element frozen
droplets with an average of 4.7±5.0 element frozen droplets. The
frequency of occurrence gradually decreased with the number of element frozen
droplets. Based on the number, size, and relative position of the element
frozen droplets within the FDAs, possible three-dimensional (3-D)
realizations of FDAs were generated and characterized by two different shape
parameters, the aggregation index (AI) and the fractal dimension (Df),
that describe 3-D shapes and link to scattering properties with an
assumption of spherical shape of element frozen droplets. The AI of FDAs
decreased with an increase in the number of element frozen droplets, with
larger FDAs with more element frozen droplets having more compact shapes.
The Df of FDAs was about 1.20–1.43 smaller than that of black carbon
(BC) aggregates (1.53–1.85) determined in previous studies. Such a smaller
Df of FDAs indicates that FDAs have more linear chain-like branched
shapes than the compact shapes of BC aggregates. Determined morphological
characteristics of FDAs along with the proposed reconstructed 3-D
representations of FDAs in this study have important implications for
improving the calculations of the microphysical (e.g., fall velocity) and radiative
(e.g., asymmetry parameter) properties of ice crystals in upper anvil
clouds.
The asymmetric geospace as displayed during the geomagnetic storm on 17 August 2001
Authors: Østgaard Nikolai , Reistad Jone P. , Tenfjord Paul , Laundal Karl  M. , Rexer Theresa , Haaland Stein E. , Snekvik Kristian , Hesse Michael , Milan Stephen E. , Ohma Anders 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Previous studies have shown that conjugate
auroral features are displaced in the two hemispheres when the interplanetary
magnetic field (IMF) has a transverse (Y) component. It has also been shown
that a BY component is induced in the closed magnetosphere due to the
asymmetric loading of magnetic flux in the lobes following asymmetric dayside
reconnection when the IMF has a Y component. The magnetic field lines with
azimuthally displaced footpoints map into a “banana”-shaped convection cell
in one hemisphere and an “orange”-shaped cell in the other. Due to the
Parker spiral our system is most often exposed to a BY-dominated IMF. The
dipole tilt angle, varying between ±34∘, leads to warping of the
plasma sheet and oppositely directed BY components in dawn and dusk in the
closed magnetosphere. As a result of the Parker spiral and dipole tilt,
geospace is asymmetric most of the time. The magnetic storm on 17 August 2001
offers a unique opportunity to study the dynamics of the asymmetric geospace.
IMF BY was 20–30 nT and tilt angle was 23∘. Auroral imaging
revealed conjugate features displaced by 3–4 h magnetic local time. The
latitudinal width of the dawnside aurora was quite different (up to
6∘) in the two hemispheres. The auroral observations together with
convection patterns derived entirely from measurements indicate dayside,
lobe and tail reconnection in the north, but most likely only dayside and
tail reconnection in the Southern Hemisphere. Increased tail reconnection
during the substorm expansion phase reduces the asymmetry.
Comparison of four calving laws to model Greenland outlet glaciers
Authors: Choi Youngmin , Morlighem Mathieu , Wood Michael , Bondzio Johannes H. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Calving is an important mechanism that controls the dynamics of marine terminating glaciers of
Greenland. Iceberg calving at the terminus affects the entire stress regime of outlet glaciers,
which may lead to further retreat and ice flow acceleration. It is therefore critical to
accurately parameterize calving in ice sheet models in order to improve the projections of ice
sheet change over the coming decades and reduce the uncertainty in their contribution to
sea-level rise. Several calving laws have been proposed, but most of them have been applied only to a
specific region and have not been tested on other glaciers, while some others have only been
implemented in 1-D flowline or vertical flowband models. Here, we test and compare
several calving laws recently proposed in the literature using the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM).
We test these calving laws on nine tidewater glaciers of Greenland. We compare the modeled ice
front evolution to the observed retreat from Landsat data collected over the past 10 years, and
assess which calving law has better predictive abilities for each glacier. Overall, the von Mises
tensile stress calving law is more satisfactory than other laws for simulating observed ice front
retreat, but new parameterizations that better capture the different modes of calving should be
developed. Although the final positions of ice fronts are different for forecast simulations with
different calving laws, our results confirm that ice front retreat highly depends on bed
topography, irrespective of the calving law employed. This study also confirms that calving
dynamics needs to be 3-D or in plan view in ice sheet models to account for complex bed topography
and narrow fjords along the coast of Greenland.
The Perception of Pregnancy and Parenthood Among Female Orthopaedic Surgery Residents
Authors: Mulcahey Mary K. , Nemeth Chelsea , Trojan Jeffrey D. , O'Connor Mary I. 
Published: November 2018

Introduction:
Orthopaedic surgery has the lowest percentage of female residents of all surgical specialties. Female medical students may believe that the demands of the specialty, both during training and in clinical practice, may be less conducive to becoming a parent. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of and experiences with pregnancy and parenthood among female orthopaedic surgery trainees.

Methods:
An anonymous 24-question online survey was distributed to all current female orthopaedic surgery trainees in the United States via the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Diversity Advisory Board. Survey questions included the demographics of the residents' programs, the parental status of the respondents, and their experiences with pregnancy and parenthood during training.

Results:
Of the respondents, 83.7% did not have children during residency and were not currently pregnant. Furthermore, 48.4% responded that they had deferred having children because they were in residency. One hundred and thirteen respondents (59.5%) reported that they experienced bias from co-residents about women having children during residency, whereas 94 (49.5%) reported such bias from attendings.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that most female orthopaedic trainees do not have children during residency. Most respondents experienced bias from co-residents about women having children during residency, and nearly half experienced such bias from orthopaedic attendings. Combating bias about pregnancy during residency may help encourage more women to pursue a career in orthopaedics.
Nos acordes da raça: a era do jazz no meio afro-brasileiro
Authors: Domingues Petrônio 
Published: November 2018

As jazz-bands emplacaram no Brasil na década de 1920. Fizeram um sucesso extraordinário e impulsionaram as chamadas danças e músicas modernas norte-americanas. Que jazz essas bandas tocavam? Pode-se dizer que essa expressão musical, na medida em que foi apropriada pela população afro-brasileira, permaneceu igual àquela entoada pelos norte-americanos, ou adquiriu uma “cor local”? O artigo tem a intenção de mapear a presença do jazz no meio negro de São Paulo na década de 1920 e demonstrar como o estilo de origem afro-diaspórica impactou a vida cultural desse segmento populacional, influenciando inclusive suas experiências de sociabilidade. Palavras-chave: Jazz - História. Negros. Diáspora Africana.
Cazumbá no pós-abolição: Memória, identidade e “patrimônio imaterial” em São Gonçalo dos Campos, Bahia
Authors: Rosa da Silva José Bento 
Published: November 2018

O artigo é parte de uma pesquisa maior que investigou a trajetória de uma família de descendentes de africanos que, desde o século XIX, mantém o sobrenome familiar, malgrado o regime de escravidão que, entre outras coisas, “abortava” o nome de família dos africanos escravizados e seus descendentes. Este artigo analisa a trajetória de um desses descendentes no pós-abolição, a partir da documentação escrita disponível e das narrativas orais acerca dos Cazumbá. Palavras-chave: Patrimônio Imaterial. Pós-Abolição. Família.
Escravidão e liberdade segundo estudantes de Ponta Grossa (PR): o que mudou após a lei 10.639/03
Authors: Janz Rubia Caroline , Cerri Luis Fernando 
Published: November 2018

Este texto aborda parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa que avaliou a implantação da Lei 10.639/2003, a qual tornou obrigatório o ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana na educação básica, por meio de elementos da aprendizagem e das opiniões de estudantes. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um instrumento com questões objetivas e descritivas respondido por 254 estudantes do 1° ano do Ensino Médio da cidade de Ponta Grossa, no Paraná. No presente trabalho serão apresentadas e exploradas cinco questões concernentes à escravidão, práticas de resistência e o processo de Abolição da Escravatura. A partir dessas questões, buscava-se identificar o reconhecimento de outras formas de violência, além da física, características do processo de escravização, capacidade de diferenciar a escravização antiga da moderna, e conhecimento de formas de resistência negra e a importância dessas no processo de Abolição da Escravatura. Além disso, buscou-se perceber se os discentes conseguiram se desvincular de representações tradicionalmente construídas dentro dessas temáticas, a partir das novas abordagens propostas pela Lei. Tanto a produção do instrumento quanto a análise dos dados sustentaram-se na Teoria das Representações Sociais, criada por Serge Moscovici, e sob a perspectiva conceitual da consciência histórica e da cultura histórica. Os resultados indicam que existe uma assimilação de novos sentidos e conteúdos, mas que não se demonstrou na amostra uma quebra efetiva dos sentidos tradicionais da história afro-brasileira que a Lei buscou transformar. Palavras-chave: Lei 10.639/2013. Aprendizagem Histórica. Representações Sociais. História Afro-Brasileira. Escravidão.
Trauma, história e luto: a perlaboração da violência
Authors: Rosa Johnny Roberto 
Published: November 2018

Dar-se-á aqui atenção à dinâmica do reconhecimento de certos eventos traumáticos, de processos sociais de exteriorização – e historicização – da violência traumática à perlaboração do passado. Logo, assinalar-se-ão os pontos fundamentais, tensões e limites à compreensão do que marca a estrutura de significado do trauma em nível psicológico e sociocultural. Desse modo, faz-se necessário averiguar os estudos sobre as implicações teóricas dos conceitos psicanalíticos de perlaboração, trauma e luto, ao esforço de representação e superação de uma experiência de violência pretérita. No centro dessas questões estão as ligações entre o trauma e as possibilidades (dilemas) da representação narrativa. Tais questões são cruciais para o entendimento dos debates sobre os esforços compreensivos de explicação e representação de algumas das questões mais urgentes com relação à construção do significado histórico e com relação à consolidação de uma sociedade marcada pelos efeitos duradouros e permanentes dos traumas das injustiças pretéritas. Esses dilemas, por representarem uma ameaça à significação e aos contornos da própria ação, e as demandas por reconhecimento representativo da violência e do sofrimento, cujos termos precisam ser mediados, confrontados e compreendidos como prática cultural de memória coletiva, são cruciais para a compreensão dos debates sobre a memória da violência e sua suposta transformação e recuperação. Palavras-chave: Trauma. História. Luto. Perlaboração.
Desafios da produção historiográfica, subjetividades e ativismo político – Entrevista com James N. Green
Authors: Freitas Larissa Viegas de Mello 
Published: November 2018

O historiador estadunidense James N. Green é atualmente professor do Departamento de História da Brown University, onde ministra a disciplina de História da América Latina. Nessa mesma instituição dirige o Brown's Brazil Initiative, um centro de estudos sobre o Brasil que reúne pesquisadores estadunidenses e estrangeiros. O historiador residiu no Brasil entre os anos de 1976 e 1982, período no qual viajou para diferentes partes do país e militou em grupos de esquerda. Essa experiência o motivou a pesquisar sobre a ditadura militar brasileira. Desses estudos surgiram importantes obras, tais como: “Além do Carnaval: a homossexualidade masculina no Brasil do século XX” (1999), “Apesar de Vocês: a oposição e a ditadura militar brasileira nos EUA” (2005). O referido historiador esteve no Brasil no mês de agosto para lançar seu mais recente livro relacionado a essa temática, “Revolucionário e Gay – A Extraordinária Vida de Hebert Daniel”, uma obra sobre o militante de esquerda Hebert Daniel e sua trajetória de vida. Entrevista concedida em 29 de agosto de 2018, no Laboratório de Estudos de Gênero e História da Univerdidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC).
Disinfection effect of povidone-iodine in aquaculture water of swamp eel (Monopterus albus)
Authors: Chen Xuan , Lai Chongde , Wang Yulan , Wei Lili , Zhong Qiwang 
Published: November 2018

The swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an important commercial farmed fish species in China. However, it is susceptible toAeromonas hydrophilainfections, resulting in high mortality and considerable economic loss. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is a widely used chemical disinfectant in aquaculture, which can decrease the occurrence of diseases and improve the survival. However, environmental organic matter could affect the bactericidal effectiveness of PVP-I, and the efficacy of PVP-I in aquaculture water is still unknown. In this paper, disinfection assays were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of PVP-I against theA. hydrophilain different types of water. We found that the effective germicidal concentration of PVP-I in outdoor aquaculture water was 25 ppm for 12 h. In indoor aquaculture water with 105CFU/mL bacteria, 10 ppm and 20 ppm of PVP-I could kill 99% and 100% of the bacteria, respectively. The minimal germicidal concentration of PVP-I in Luria-Bertani broth was 4,000 ppm. Available iodine content assay in LB solutions confirmed that the organic substance had negative impact on the effectiveness of PVP-I, which was consistent with the different efficacy of PVP-I in different water samples. Acute toxicity tests showed that the 24 h-LC50of PVP-I to swamp eel was 173.82 ppm, which was much higher than the germicidal concentrations in outdoor and indoor aquaculture water, indicating its safety and effectivity to control theA. hydrophila. The results indicated PVP-I can be helpful for preventing the transmission ofA. hydrophilain swamp eel aquaculture.