bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCNA ubiquitination protects stalled replication forks from DNA2-mediated degradation by regulating Okazaki fragment maturation and chromatin assembly
Authors: Thakar Tanay , Leung Wendy , Nicolae Claudia M. , Clements Kristen E. , Shen Binghui , Bielinsky Anja-Katrin , Moldovan George-Lucian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUpon genotoxic stress, PCNA ubiquitination allows for replication of damaged DNA by recruiting lesion-bypass DNA polymerases. However, PCNA is also ubiquitinated during normal S-phase progression. By employing ubiquitination-deficient 293T and RPE1 cells generated through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we show that this modification promotes cellular proliferation and suppression of genomic instability under normal growth conditions. Loss of PCNA-ubiquitination results in DNA2-mediated but MRE11-independent nucleolytic degradation of nascent DNA at stalled replication forks. This degradation is linked to defective gap-filling in the wake of the replication fork, and incomplete Okazaki fragment synthesis and maturation, thus interfering with efficient PCNA unloading by ATAD5 and subsequent nucleosomal deposition by CAF-1. Moreover, concomitant loss of PCNA-ubiquitination and BRCA2 results in a synergistic increase in nascent DNA degradation and sensitivity to PARP-inhibitors. In conclusion, we show that by ensuring efficient Okazaki fragment maturation, PCNA-ubiquitination protects fork integrity and promotes the resistance of BRCA-deficient cells to PARP-inhibitors.
Gamma-protocadherin localization at the synapse corresponds to parameters of synaptic maturation
Authors: LaMassa Nicole , Sverdlov Hanna , Mambetalieva Aliya , Shapiro Stacy , Bucaro Michael , Fernandez-Monreal Monica , Phillips Greg R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractClustered protocadherins (Pcdhs) are a large family of ~60 cadherin-like proteins (divided into the subclasses α, β, and γ) that compose a surface “barcode” in individual neurons. The code is generated through combinatorial expression via epigenetic regulation at a large gene cluster that encodes the molecules. During early neural development, Pcdhs were shown to mediate dendrite self-avoidance in some neuronal types through a still uncharacterized anti-adhesive mechanism. Pcdhs were also shown to be important for dendritic complexity in cortical neurons likely through a pro-adhesive mechanism. Pcdhs have also been postulated to participate in synaptogenesis and the specificity of connectivity. Some synaptic defects were noted in knockout animals, including synaptic number and physiology, but the role of these molecules in synaptic development is not understood. The effects of Pcdh knockout on dendritic patterning may present a confound to studying synaptogenesis. We have shown previously in vivo and in cultures that Pcdh-γs are highly enriched in intracellular compartments located in dendrites and spines with localization at only a few synaptic clefts. To gain insight into how Pcdh-γs might affect synapses, we compared synapses that harbored endogenous Pcdh-γs versus those that did not for parameters of synaptic maturation including pre- and postsynaptic size, postsynaptic perforations, and spine morphology by light microscopy in cultured hippocampal neurons and by serial section immuno-electron microscopy in hippocampal CA1. In mature neurons, synapses immunopositive for Pcdh-γs were found to be larger in diameter with more frequent perforations. Analysis of spines in cultured neurons revealed that mushroom spines were more frequently immunopositive for Pcdh-γs at their tips than thin spines. Taken together, these results suggest that Pcdh-γ function at the synapse may be related to promotion of synaptic maturation and stabilization.
Crystal structure of Mo-substituted lanthanum tungstate La5.4W1−y
Mo
y
O12−δ (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.2) studied by X-ray and neutron diffraction
Authors: Fantin Andrea , Scherb Tobias , Seeger Janka , Schumacher Gerhard , Gerhards Uta , Ivanova Mariya E. , Meulenberg Wilhelm A. , Dittmeyer Roland , Banhart John 
Published: September 2019

A determination of the detailed crystal structure of an Mo-substituted lanthanum tungstate series, La6−x
W1−y
Mo
y
O12−δ (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.2, δ is the oxygen deficiency), is presented. Material of composition La5.4W0.8Mo0.2O12−δ (y = 0.2) produced by the citrate-complexation route based on the Pechini method was investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction in the temperature range 10 ≤ T ≤ 298 K. The results are compared with a non-substituted material La5.4WO12−δ. A structural model established earlier for lanthanum tungstates and Re-substituted lanthanum tungstates is confirmed, according to which the Wyckoff site shared by La and W is split with half site occupancies (Fm\bar 3m space group, 48h site) and also accommodates Mo atoms. Substitution of W by up to 20 mol% Mo does not change the face-centred cubic lattice: Mo atoms substitute W statistically on both 4a and 48h Wyckoff sites of the crystal structure, which is described by the Fm\bar 3m space group. These results were obtained from the combination of the average neutron-scattering length and average X-ray scattering power procedures with electron-probe micro-analysis. The temperature dependence of bond lengths in dry and wet (D2O) conditions shows that vacant oxygen sites are located on the 32f Wyckoff sites also in Mo-substituted lanthanum tungstates, and that the bond lengths between La on 4b and O on 32f increase with increasing pO2 and pD2O, reflecting the filling of oxygen vacancies and the increase in coordination of La on 4b.
Application of GRA method for multi-objective optimization of roller burnishing process parameters using a carbide tool on high carbon steel (AISI-1040)
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Mitra Bedasruti , Kumar Naresh 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and optimize the roller burnishing process parameters using the design of experiments and grey relational analysis (GRA).

Design/methodology/approach
In this experimental work, the carbide burnishing tool has been selected for the machining of AISI-1040 high carbon steel to get better product quality and satisfactory machining characteristics. The material surface condition while machining, burnishing tool speed, feed rate, depth of penetration and No. of passes have been selected as process constraints to conduct experimental trials.

Findings
The surface roughness (SR) and surface hardness were considered as output responses. The experimental outcomes optimized by multi-parametric optimization showed considerable improvement in the process. The roller speed and number of passes are the most significant parameters for surface hardness, whereas the surface condition and roller penetration depth have the most significance on SR.

Research limitations/implications
The GRA method shows the 0.03376 improvement in grey relational grade between the experimental values and the predicted values.

Practical implications
The experimental outcomes optimized by multi-parametric optimization showed the considerable improvement in the process and will facilitate steel industries to enhance and improve productivity while burnishing high carbon steel (AISI-1040).

Originality/value
This research represents valid work, and the authors have no conflict of interests.
Intention to leave among bullied university personnel
Authors: Meriläinen Matti , Nissinen Pirkko , Kõiv Kristi 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal the degree of intention to leave and the relation between bullying and intention to leave, as well as the relation between features of the working environment and intention to leave among Estonian university personnel.Design/methodology/approachA total of 864 faculty members from nine Estonian universities answered the e-mail questionnaire in the Spring of 2014. The nature of bullying was measured with the help of the Negative Acts Questionnaire. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was applied in a survey of characteristics of the work environment. The relations were analysed with the help of structural equation modelling.FindingsMore than one third of the respondents had considered quitting sometimes, quite often, or very often. The results show that perceived bullying is a predictor of intention to leave, whereas a favourable working environment prevents quitting.Research limitations/implicationsThe present results can be utilised from at least three perspectives: cultural and institutional studies, leadership practices and personal work control.Practical implicationsKnowing the characteristics of bullying helps in recognising and preventing bullying and aids in improving the working atmosphere at universities.Originality/valueThis study revealed that besides directly, bullying is related to explained intention to leave indirectly, mediated by (negative) work environment perceptions. This indicates that bullying gives rise to an unfavourable working atmosphere and further to intention to leave.
A study of the reasons for prescribing and misuse of gabapentinoids in prison including their co-prescription with opioids and antidepressants
Authors: Soni Anju , Walters Pamela 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Electronic medical case files of male prisoners in a category B prison in London were studied to establish a prevalence during an eight-month period of the use of and the reasons for prescribing gabapentinoids in prison and also to establish prescribing standards in prison and compliance with these. In addition, the prevalence of co-prescription of gabapentinoids with opioids and antidepressants, particularly tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, was also assessed in light of the increased risk of respiratory depression resulting in death when these drugs are used in combination. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
A retrospective, SystmOne case-file based survey was undertaken searching by SNOMED CT supplemented by examination of free text, in a category B prison for males (Capacity 1,500 prisoners; Average turnover of prisoners up to 6,000 per year), to establish practice standards related to the prescription of Gabapentinoids in the prison and determine compliance with these.

Findings
In total, 109 cases were identified of prisoners having been prescribed gabapentinoids, pregabalin in 66 cases (61 per cent) and gabapentin in 43 cases (39 per cent). In 36 cases (33 per cent) prescriptions were for unlicensed indications. This in fact represented 50 per cent of the cases where the indications were documented. In 51 cases (47 per cent) gabapentinoids were prescribed with an opioid substitute. In 14 cases (13 per cent), prescribed gabapentinoids were diverted to other prisoners.

Practical implications
The initiation of gabapentinoids in prison should be avoided. For prisoners who are also receiving opioid substitutes or are abusing opiates, it may be unsafe to continue on gabapentinoids. Issues raised by this study are likely to apply to other prisons, secure forensic psychiatric facilities and indeed community mental health and primary care as well.

Social implications
Risk of dependance on gabapentinoids including risk of mortality when taken with opioids and opioid substitutes.

Originality/value
This is an original study conducted at a category B prison in London.
The effect of venture capital backing on companies’ subsequent lobbying efforts
Authors: Alakent Ekin , Ozer Mine , Goktan M. Sinan 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of venture capital (VC) funding as a form of ownership on lobbying strategies of venture-backed companies.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample consists of venture-backed IPO companies between 1999 and 2014. The authors collected IPO data from the Thompson Securities Data Company (SDC) database. The authors collected VC data from SDC VentureXpert database and lobbying data from the Center for Responsive Politics database (opensecrets.org).

Findings
Consistent with the hypotheses, the authors find that VC-backed companies spend less on lobbying compared to non-VC-backed counterparts. However, this relationship is moderated by companies’ R&D intensity. R&D intensive VC-backed companies choose to spend more on lobbying.

Research limitations/implications
The research indicates that although VC backing has a negative impact on lobbying efforts, R&D intensity creates an incentive for VC-backed companies to spend more on lobbying in order to shape public policy to their benefit. The study consists of VC-backed companies that are public. The authors believe that future research can explore political strategies of VC-backed companies during their pre-IPO stage.

Social implications
The authors believe that political strategies are powerful yet underutilized resources that VC-backed companies can rely on to shift industries and invest in innovative products that challenge norms and fight the status quo. Lobbying and other forms of political involvement can help them shape public policy.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study makes a unique contribution to the literature by exploring the political strategies of VC-backed companies.
Bringing the individual back in
Authors: Abdelhaey Samah Abdelsabour 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to study individuals in international relations especially private individuals in global politics. Therefore the paper focuses on analyzing the case of Mark Zuckerberg the founder and chief executive of Facebook who affects the international arena. The paper illustrates Zuckerberg’s strategies to assert wide influence and power within Facebook’s network and through multiple networks.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper follows new theories of studying the human agent in international relations, concentrating on private individuals as new actors in international relations (IR). Thus, depending on “network making power theory” and the “three-dimensional power perspectives; (discursive, structural and instrumental)”, the paper illustrates the case of Mark Zuckerberg as a private entrepreneur and his authority in the era of social media dominance with a focus on: Zuckerberg's discursive/ideational power strategy. Zuckerberg’s strategy to work as a switcher through multiple networks. The most obvious one is the Facebook network, through which he can assert global influence.

Findings
Formal state officials are not the only type of individuals who can affect international relations. Technological evolution has empowered private individuals as influential actors in international relations (IR). Interdisciplinary approaches became essential tools in studying new actors affecting IR. There are new patterns of power linked to individuals without formal positions. Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook and global philanthropist, is considered an influential actor in IR depending on programming and switching strategies to assert his power in a networked world.

Originality/value
This paper is able to prove that there are new forms of power which belong to private individuals in a networked world.
Satisfaction from romantic relationship and social media usage
Authors: Yadav Mohit , Choudhary Sangita 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of satisfaction from romantic relationships on social media usage, with computer-mediated communication (CMC) motives and self-disclosure dimensions acting as mediators of the relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 420 individuals active on social media. Data were analysed with confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, hierarchical multiple regression and mediation analysis based on Baron and Kenny’s (1986) conditions.

Findings
The result from a cross-sectional survey of 420 individuals reveals how relationship satisfaction leads to the use of six social media channels directly and indirectly through five dimensions of CMC motives and four dimensions of self-disclosure. Out of 54 possible mediations, 17 were found to be significant.

Originality/value
The present study fulfils the need to identify how satisfaction in a romantic relationship impacts self-disclosure and social media selection and usage.
Influence of land consolidation on aquatic invertebrate communities and their distribution patterns in Korean rice fields
Authors: Nam Hyung‐Kyu , Yoon Sung‐Soo , Song Young‐Ju , Kwon Soon‐Ik , Eo Jinu , Kim Myung‐Hyun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRice fields, the major cropland in South Korea, provide an important wetland habitat for a diverse wildlife and contribute to biodiversity conservation. On the other hand, land consolidation conducted to increase agricultural production since the 1960s on a nationwide scale in South Korea has frequently been suggested to be one of the factors in the decline of biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems. Negative effects of habitat manipulation such as land consolidation would have influenced paddy field biodiversity, but the degree has not been clearly measured in South Korea. This study evaluated the impacts of land consolidation on the aquatic invertebrate biodiversity and investigated their patterns across the nation. Field sampling for biodiversity and environmental variables were made from 290 sites of paddy field over the country. Aquatic invertebrate communities were clustered into four major clusters showing land consolidation as the main factor and geographic location as the second factor. Species richness and abundance were significantly lower in the land consolidation fields (mean ± s.e., 12.80 ± 0.28 vs 88.89 ± 0.89 and 2027.15 ± 150.84 vs 2573.54 ± 572.16). Shannon diversity index was also significantly lower in land consolidation fields. Our results suggest that land consolidation and spatial location are important for biodiversity and conservation of the aquatic invertebrate assemblages in Korean rice fields.
Energetics of blood flow in Fontan circulation under VAD support
Authors: Telyshev Dmitry , Denisov Maxim , Markov Aleksandr , Fresiello Libera , Verbelen Tom , Selishchev Sergey 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe need to simulate the normal operating conditions of the human body is the key factor in every study and engineering process of bioelectronic devices designed for implantation. The Fontan procedure is an example of such a process aimed to support the human body function. It is a standard treatment method for patients with a functionally univentricular heart. However, it has significant drawbacks such as overload of the only functional heart ventricle that often leads to the necessity of the heart transplantation. In this study, we analyze the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) influence on the blood with and without connected auxiliary blood circulation pump. We investigate four different types of TCPC configurations, analyze blood pressure and different flow rate, study the turbulent kinetic energy distribution, and evaluate hydraulic and power losses for various cases. Finally, we calculate volumetric scalar shear stresses distribution and demonstrate the high potential of TCPC configuration with connected rotary pump as a tool for the load redistribution in the functional heart ventricle. This work is particularly relevant for improving existing TCPCs’ quality that can extend the life of Fontan patients. Moreover, it also applies to the reduction of morbidity and mortality of the patients waiting for the heart transplantation.
The association between medication non‐adherence and adverse health outcomes in ageing populations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Walsh Caroline A. , Cahir Caitriona , Tecklenborg Sarah , Byrne Catherine , Culbertson Michael A. , Bennett Kathleen E. 
Published: September 2019

AimsThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to synthesise the evidence relating to medication non‐adherence and its association with health outcomes in people aged ≥50 years.MethodsSeven databases were searched up to February 2019 for observational studies that measured medication (non‐)adherence as a predictor of the following health outcomes in adults aged ≥50 years: healthcare utilisation (hospitalisation, emergency department visits, outpatient visits and general practitioner visits), mortality, adverse clinical events and quality of life. Screening and quality assessment using validated criteria were completed by 2 reviewers independently. Random effects models were used to generate pooled estimates of association using adjusted study results. The full methodological approach was published on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42017077264).ResultsSixty‐six studies were identified for qualitative synthesis, with 11 of these studies eligible for meta‐analyses. A meta‐analysis including 3 studies measuring medication non‐adherence in adults aged ≥55 years showed a significant association with all‐cause hospitalisation (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 1.21). A meta‐analysis including 2 studies showed that medication non‐adherence was not significantly associated with an emergency department visit (adjusted odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 0.90, 1.22). Good adherence was associated with a 21% reduction in long‐term mortality risk in comparison to medication non‐adherence (adjusted hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.63, 0.98).ConclusionMedication non‐adherence may be significantly associated with all‐cause hospitalisation and mortality in older people. Medication adherence should be monitored and addressed in this cohort to minimise hospitalisation, improve clinical outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.
Polypyrrole/polylactic acid nanofibrous scaffold cotransplanted with bone marrow stromal cells promotes the functional recovery of spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Raynald  , Shu Bing , Liu Xue‐Bin , Zhou Jun‐Feng , Huang Hua , Wang Jing‐Yun , Sun Xiao‐Dan , Qin Chuan , An Yi‐Hua 
Published: September 2019

SummaryAimsThe objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of polypyrrole/polylactic acid (PPy/PLA) nanofibrous scaffold cotransplanted with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in promoting the functional recovery in a rat spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsFemale Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 18/group): control group, PPy/PLA group, and PPy/PLA/BMSCs group. The SCI was induced in all rats. Consequently, rats in PPy/PLA/BMSCs group were transplanted with 1 × 105 BMSCs after implantation of PPy/PLA, while those in the PPy/PLA group were implanted with PPy/PLA only; no implantation was performed in the control group. Six weeks after surgery, immunofluorescence microscopy, electron microscope, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were performed to assess the changes in the injured spinal cord tissues.ResultsElectrophysiology and locomotor function testing suggested that PPy/PLA nanofibrous scaffold cotransplanted with BMSCs could promote the functional recovery of the spinal cord. Six weeks after the operation, lower amount of scar tissue was found in the PPy/PLA group compared with the control group. Abundant neurofilament (NF) and neuron‐specific marker (NeuN) positive staining, and myelin formations were detected in the injured area. In addition, the transplantation of BMSCs not only improved the efficacy of PPy/PLA but also managed to survive well and was differentiated into neural and neuroglial cells.ConclusionsThe implantation of PPy/PLA nanofibrous scaffold and BMSCs has a great potential to restore the electrical conduction and to promote functional recovery by inhibiting the scar tissue formation, promoting axon regeneration, and bridging the gap lesion.