bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posaconazole salvage therapy: The Posifi study
Authors: Fortun Jesús , Gioia Francesca , Cardozo Celia , Gudiol Carlota , Diago Elena , José Castón Juan , Muñoz Patricia , López Javier , Puerta‐Alcalde Pedro , Enzenhofer Matías , Ramos Antonio , Frutos Azahara , Machado Marina , Garcia‐Vidal Carolina , Parody Rocío , Martín‐Dávila Pilar 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundPosaconazole (PCZ) is used mainly for the prevention of invasive fungal infection (IFI).MethodsA multicentre retrospective, investigational study using a non‐randomized, single‐arm design carried out in six tertiary hospitals in Spain to evaluate the use of PCZ in different forms of administration in the (non‐prophylactic) treatment of IFI.ResultsOver an eight‐year‐period, 67 patients were included in this study. PCZ was administered as salvage therapy (intolerant or refractory to a previous antifungal agent) in 65/67 (97%); of these, it was used against Aspergillosis (68.6%), Zygomycosis (13.4%), other moulds (8.9%) and yeast (10.5%). The median duration of PCZ therapy was 75 days. The oral solution was associated with low serum levels (<0.7 mg/L) in 63% of available patients. Clinical response at 3 and 12 months of PCZ therapy were for aspergillosis: 47.8% and 41.3%; for zygomycosis: 55.5% and 55.5%; and for other mycoses: 69.2% and 69.2%, respectively. Suspension by toxicity was only observed in 6% and 7.5% of patients at 3 and 12 months, respectively, mainly with grade III/IV elevations of liver function test (LFTs).ConclusionsPosaconazole salvage therapy, especially oral tablets, can be an effective alternative option for patients with IFI who cannot tolerate or do not respond to other antifungal therapies.
Dynamic trajectories of volatile and non‐volatile specialised metabolites in ‘overnight’ fragrant flowers of Murraya paniculata
Authors: Paul I. , Chatterjee A. , Maiti S. , Bhadoria P.B.S. , Mitra A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Ephemeral flowers, especially nocturnal ones, usually emit characteristic scent profiles within their post‐anthesis lifespans of a few hours. Whether these flowers exhibit temporal variability in the composition and profile of volatile and non‐volatile specialised metabolites has received little attention.

Flowers of Murraya paniculata bloom in the evenings during the summer and monsoon, and their sweet, intense fragrance enhances the plant's value as an ornamental. We aimed to investigate profiles of both volatile and non‐volatile endogenous specialised metabolites (ESM) in nocturnal ephemeral flowers of M. paniculata to examine whether any biochemically diverse groups of ESM follow distinct patterns of accumulation while maintaining synchrony with defensive physiological functions.

Targeted ESM contents of M. paniculata flowers were profiled at ten time points at 2‐h intervals, starting from late bud stage (afternoon) up to the start of petal senescence (mid‐morning). Emitted volatiles were monitored continuously within the whole 20‐h period using headspace sampling. The ESM contents were mapped by time point to obtain a highly dynamic and biochemically diverse profile. Relative temporal patterns of ESM accumulation indicated that the active fragrance‐emitting period might be divided into ‘early bloom’, ‘mid‐bloom’ and ‘late bloom’ phases. Early and late bloom phases were characterised by high free radical generation, with immediate enhancement of antioxidant enzymes and phenolic compounds. The mid‐bloom phase was relatively stable and dedicated to maximum fragrance emission, with provision for strong terpenoid‐mediated defence against herbivores. The late bloom phase merged into senescence with the start of daylight; however, even the senescent petals continued to emit fragrance to attract diurnal pollinators.

Our study suggests that dynamic relations between the different ESM groups regulate the short‐term requirements of floral advertisement and phytochemical defence in this ephemeral flower. This study also provided fundamental information on the temporal occurrence of emitted volatiles and internal pools of specialised metabolites in M. paniculata flowers, which could serve as an important model for pollination biology of Rutaceae, which includes many important fruit crops.
Pulmonary artery enlargement predicts poor outcome during acute exacerbations of fibrotic interstitial lung disease
Authors: Kogo Mariko , Otsuka Kojiro , Morimoto Takeshi , Nagata Kazuma , Nakagawa Atsushi , Tomii Keisuke 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveIn fibrotic interstitial lung disease (f‐ILD), pulmonary artery diameter to ascending aorta diameter ratio (PA/A) ≥ 1 during the stable stage is associated with worse outcomes; however, the effect of acute exacerbation (AE) on the PA/A is unknown.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of AE of f‐ILD and with a computed tomography (CT) scan performed during stable period to confirm background fibrosis, as well as a CT scan at admission, were included. The pulmonary arterial diameter, ascending aortic diameter and PA/A were measured using CT during AE and CT prior to AE, when available, to evaluate the changes. Demographic data, co‐morbidities and clinical outcome (90‐day mortality) were analysed.ResultsOf the 123 patients included, 45 had a PA/A ≥ 1 during AE and compared to the PA/A < 1 group, they were younger, had lower % vital capacity (VC) and % forced vital capacity (FVC), required more long‐term oxygen therapy and other treatments, and had lower PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratios. During AE, the PA/A increased from that during stable periods (P < 0.001), and a PA/A ≥ 1 was significantly associated with 90‐day mortality both before and after adjustment for age, the P/F ratio at admission, long‐term oxygen therapy usage and the type of background f‐ILD (P = 0.018 and 0.025).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal examination of the PA/A ratio and evaluation during AE of f‐ILD. Our data show that a PA/A ≥ 1 during AE predicted poor survival outcome in f‐ILD.
Family members’ experiences of waiting in intensive care: a concept analysis
Authors: Björk Kristofer , Lindahl Berit , Fridh Isabell 
Published: March 2019

AimThe aim of this study was to explore the meaning of family members’ experience of waiting in an intensive care context using Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis.MethodSystematic searches in CINAHL and PubMed retrieved 38 articles which illustrated the waiting experienced by family members in an intensive care context. Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis was applied to the data.FindingsIn total, five elements of the concept were identified in the analysis. These were as follows: living in limbo; feeling helpless and powerless; hoping; enduring; and fearing the worst. Family members’ vigilance regarding their relative proved to be a related concept, but vigilance does not share the same set of attributes. The consequences of waiting were often negative for the relatives and caused them suffering. The references show that the concept was manifested in different situations and in intensive care units (ICUs) with various types of specialties.ConclusionsThe application of concept analysis has brought a deeper understanding and meaning to the experience of waiting among family members in an intensive care context. This may provide professionals with an awareness of how to take care of family members in this situation. The waiting is inevitable, but improved communication between the ICU staff and family members is necessary to reduce stress and alleviate the suffering of family members. It is important to acknowledge that waiting cannot be eliminated but family‐centred care, including a friendly and welcoming hospital environment, can ease the burden of family members with a loved one in an ICU.
Factors related to self‐rated health and life satisfaction one year after radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Talvitie Anna‐Maija , Ojala Hanna , Tammela Teuvo , Koivisto Anna‐Maija , Pietilä Ilkka 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundLocalised prostate cancer affects patient's quality of life in many ways. The aim of this study was to explore factors related to self‐rated health and life satisfaction for patients treated for prostate cancer, and to compare the results of these generic quality‐of‐life measures to the prostate cancer‐specific quality‐of‐life measure (UCLA Prostate Cancer Index), which focuses on physical functioning.Material and methodsThis cross‐sectional survey was carried out among 183 men who underwent radical prostatectomy in 2012–2015 at a university hospital in Finland and were seen 1 year postsurgery. Approval from an ethics committee and written consents from participants were received. A questionnaire was used to evaluate patients’ perceived quality of life. Logistic regression model, Spearman's correlation, Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U‐test were used to analyse factors related to quality of life.ResultsOf the 183 men in the study, 63% rated their health status as good, and 70% were satisfied with their lives after prostatectomy. Older age and better urinary function were the only factors that explained both better self‐rated health and better satisfaction with life. The patients seemed not to interpret problems with sexual function as health‐related problems. In our sample, sexual dysfunction was relatively severe, but patients considered them to be less harmful than urinary or bowel symptoms. Interestingly, 24% of the men with low sexual function did not find that dysfunction bothersome.ConclusionsObjectively measured physical functioning is not necessarily in line with patients’ experienced satisfaction with life and their self‐ratings of health. More longitudinal and qualitative research is needed about the meanings that patients attach to physical treatment side effects and the extent to which they can adapt to them over time. With a bigger sample and longer follow‐up time, it would be possible to identify men who particularly benefited from pretreatment counselling.
Perceptions on nurse–nurse collaboration among registered nurses in Finland and Norway
Authors: Ylitörmänen Tuija , Kvist Tarja , Turunen Hannele 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundIntraprofessional collaboration necessitates understanding and knowledge on how nurses perceive each other and what factors promote good collaboration. The relationship between nurse–nurse collaboration has been explored relatively little, though intraprofessional collaboration is an essential factor for a healthy work environment.AimThis study explores the Finnish and the Norwegian nurses’ perceptions of nurse–nurse collaboration in nursing care and factors associated with those perceptions.DesignA cross‐sectional quantitative study design.MethodsIn 2015, data were collected from 406 Finnish and Norwegian RNs in two acute‐care hospitals, by employing the Dougherty and Larson's Nurse‐Nurse Collaboration Scale (NNCS). Descriptive statistics, cross‐tabulations, Pearson's chi‐Square tests and multivariate anova were used for analysis. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from ethics committees in both countries.ResultsFindings indicated that the perception of nurse–nurse collaboration was good in both countries. However, significant inter‐country differences were found in the collaboration subscales. Compared with their Finnish counterparts, Norwegian nurses awarded higher scores to conflict management, communication, shared process, coordination and professionalism. The results suggest that nurse characteristics, such as main working time and total work experience, were related to the perception of collaboration.ConclusionThe subscales with the highest scores in both countries were professionalism, shared process and communication. Factors such as conflict management and coordination are areas which should be emphasised to achieve good collaboration between nurses. Here, nurse leaders play an important part in assessing and improving RN‐RN collaboration.
Usefulness of nursing theory‐guided practice: an integrative review
Authors: Younas Ahtisham , Quennell Shannon 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundNursing theory‐guided practice helps improve the quality of nursing care because it allows nurses to articulate what they do for patients and why they do it. However, the usefulness of nursing theory‐guided practice has been questioned and more emphasis has been placed on evidence‐based nursing and traditional practice. Therefore, an examination of experimental studies was undertaken to analyse the extent of use and usefulness of nursing theories in guiding practice. We reviewed experimental studies because in this era of evidence‐based practice, these designs are given more weightage over other research designs. This examination would corroborate the usefulness of nursing theory‐guided practice compared to traditional practice.MethodsAn integrative review was conducted. Literature search was performed within multiple databases, and 35 studies were reviewed and appraised.ResultsMajority of the studies were from Iran, the United States and Turkey and used Orem's self‐care model, Roy's adaptation model and Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations. The effect of theory‐guided interventions was evaluated in improving quality of life, self‐efficacy, self‐care and stress of patients with chronic, acute, cardiac and psychological illnesses. The quality rating was judged to be strong for three studies, moderate for 25 studies and weak for seven studies. All of the strongly rated studies found nursing theory‐guided interventions useful. Overall, nursing theory‐guided interventions improved all of studied outcomes in 26 studies and at least one outcome in nine studies. None of the studies reported that nursing theory‐guided interventions as not useful.ConclusionNursing theories have guided practice in both eastern and Western countries, and theory‐guided practice has been found useful compared to traditional nursing practice. Therefore, nurses should continue to guide their nursing practice through the lens of nursing theories and should continue to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing theory‐guided practice.
Sleepless nights and sleepy days: a qualitative study exploring the experiences of patients with chronic heart failure and newly verified sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Gullvåg Marianne , Gjeilo Kari Hanne , Fålun Nina , Norekvål Tone M. , Mo Rune , Broström Anders 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundSleep‐disordered breathing, including obstructive sleep apnoea and central sleep apnoea, is a common disorder among patients with chronic heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnoea is often treated with continuous positive airway pressure, but central sleep apnoea lacks a clear treatment option. Knowledge of how sleep‐disordered breathing is experienced (e.g. difficulties and care needs) and handled (e.g. self‐care actions) by the patients is limited, but needed, to provide patient‐centred care.AimTo explore how newly verified sleep‐disordered breathing is experienced by patients with chronic heart failure.MethodsData were collected through semi‐structured interviews and analysed with qualitative content analysis. Seventeen participants (14 men, three women), mean age 60 years (range 41–80) diagnosed with chronic heart failure and objectively verified sleep‐disordered breathing (nine obstructive, seven central and one mixed) were strategically selected from heart failure outpatient clinics at two Norwegian university hospitals.ResultsPatients with chronic heart failure and newly verified sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) described experiences of poor sleep that had consequences for their daily life and their partners. Different self‐care strategies were revealed, but they were based on ‘common sense’ and were not evidence‐based. The awareness of having SDB was varied; for some, it gave an explanation to their trouble while others were surprised by the finding.ConclusionPatients with chronic heart failure and sleep‐disordered breathing experienced reduced sleep quality, influencing their daily life. Possible underlying causes of disrupted sleep, such as sleep‐disordered breathing, should be identified to establish proper patient‐centred treatment strategies. There is a need for new strategies to approach patients with chronic heart failure (i.e. those with central sleep apnoea) who are not subject to continuous positive airway pressure treatment for their sleep‐disordered breathing.
Family members’ experiences in adult intensive care units: a systematic review
Authors: Imanipour Masoomeh , Kiwanuka Frank , Akhavan Rad Sanaz , Masaba Ronald , Alemayehu Yisak Hagos 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundAdmission to Intensive Care Units (ICU) exposures family members to a new environment, advanced monitoring systems and aggressive treatments. This is coupled with the critical condition of the patient being admitted in ICU. In such times of stress and crisis, families have varying experiences as they navigate the ICU journey. These happen more or less in chronological phases.AimThis review sought to describe the experiences of family members of patients admitted in adult ICUs.Data sourcesFour electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched, using keywords and free‐text words.MethodsCuration of the review question involved problem identification, a scoping search, developing a search strategy, evaluation, data analysis, and reporting. Freehand search in reference lists of eligible articles was also done to obtain potentially eligible articles published in English language between 2007 and 2018. Studies were included if they reported on family members’ experiences in adult ICUs. This review conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA).ResultsUpon completion of the screening process, 28 studies were included. Most studies were conducted in the United States while no study was identified from Africa. We report on 717 family members. Family members’ experience of the ICU journey falls into three main themes: (i) Floating, (ii) Probing and (iii) Continuity or Closure.ConclusionAs healthcare technology advances, the ICU environment consequently needs to evolve. As such, healthcare providers will need to adjust their practice, support and consider the patients’ family as the other part of the patient and members of the care team in order to meet their expectations. Further research highlighting family members’ experience of the ICU journey in Africa is needed.
Accessibility, utilisation and acceptability of a county‐based home care service for sick children in Sweden
Authors: Castor Charlotte , Hallström Inger Kristensson , Landgren Kajsa , Hansson Helena 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundHome care service (HCS) for sick children is a complex healthcare service, which can be organised in various models. Despite the possibility to support family everyday life, the accessibility and utilisation may still be limited. The aim of this study was to (i) determine characteristics in referrals to county‐based HCS, (ii) determine characteristics of referred children and (iii) assess acceptability of parents and children in county‐based HCS.MethodsData on characteristics of referrals and referred children were collected from medical records of children 0–17 years of age, referred to eight HCS units during 2015–2018. Data on parental and child overall experience, satisfaction of, safety with, and preference for care, were collected from parents by a questionnaire. Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to analyse the data.ResultsThree hundred and fifty‐five referrals led to one or more periods of HCS for 171 children in various ages with a wide range of illnesses. Children with cancer (30%) composed the largest group and administration of intravenous antibiotics accounted for 56% of the care tasks. Seven per cent of the referrals were to palliative home care. Thirty‐eight referrals of 34 children were refused. There was an uneven distribution of the indication for referral, acceptance rate and diagnoses of children among HCS units. Parents reported their and their child's experience with the HCS visit as highly positive and preferred home care to hospital care in over 96% of the HCS in 212 visits.ConclusionCounty‐based HCS constitutes a supplement to hospital care for sick children with various illnesses through different stages of acute and long‐term illness and at end of life, with high levels of acceptability. Few referrals and variation in referral characteristics and acceptance rate of referrals between HCS units led to unequal and inequitable accessibility and utilisation of HCS.
Left atrial volume in elite athletes: A meta‐analysis of echocardiographic studies
Authors: Cuspidi Cesare , Sala Carla , Tadic Marijana , Baccanelli Giovanni , Gherbesi Elisa , Grassi Guido , Mancia Giuseppe 
Published: March 2019

AimInformation on left atrium (LA) enlargement, as assessed by LA volume (LAV) instead of LA diameter, in the athletic population is scanty. To expand current knowledge on this issue, we performed an updated meta‐analysis of echocardiographic studies.DesignThe Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for English language articles without time restriction up to February 2018 through focused, high sensitive search strategies. Studies were identified by crossing the following search terms: “athletes,” “physical training,” “left atrial size,” “left atrial volume,” “atrial function,” and “echocardiography.”.ResultsOverall, 3145 subjects (2425 elite athletes and 720 active but not trained healthy controls) were included in 16 studies. Average LAV indexed to BSA (LAVI) was 37% higher in athletes as compared to nonathletic controls (31.0 ± 1.4 mL/m2 vs 22.2 ± 0.9 mL/m2), the standard means difference (SMD) being 1.12 ± 0.13 (CI: 0.86‐1.89, P < 0.0001). SMD was higher in high‐dynamic/high‐static trained athletes (1.78 ± 0.24, CI: 1.30‐2.20, P < 0.001) than in high‐dynamic/low‐static trained athletes 1.00 ± 0.16, CI: 0.70‐1.30, P < 0.001). The statistical difference did not change after correction for publication bias and was not affected by a single study effect.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis suggests that the adaptation of LA to intensive physical training in elite athletes is characterized by a marked increase in LAVI; LA dilation is more pronounced in the subgroup of high‐dynamic/high‐static trained athletes. The functional and clinical implications related to advanced LA dilation in athletes and particularly in those engaged in high‐dynamic/high‐static disciplines deserve further investigations.