bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive evaluation of 18F-FDG/18F-FMISO-based Micro PET in monitoring hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Jiang Huijie , Zhang Rongjun , Xu Hailong , Jiang Hao , Pan Wenbin , Li Xin , Wang Yiqiao , Wang Song 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the application of two radiotracers (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO)) in monitoring hepatic metastases of human colorectal cancer (CRC). Mouse models of CRC hepatic metastases were established by implantation of the human CRC cell lines LoVo and HT29 by intrasplenic injection. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to examine cell migration and invasion abilities. Radiotracer-based cellular uptake in vitro and micro-positron emission tomography imaging of liver metastases in vivo were performed. The incidence of liver metastases in LoVo-xenografted mice was significantly higher than that in HT29-xenografted ones. The SUVmax/mean values of 18F-FMISO, but not 18F-FDG, in LoVo xenografts were significantly greater than in HT29 xenografts. In vitro, LoVo cells exhibited stronger metastatic potential and higher radiotracer uptake than HT29 cells. Mechanistically, the expression of HIF-1α and GLUT-1 in LoVo cells and LoVo tumor tissues was remarkably higher than in HT29 cells and tissues. Linear regression analysis demonstrated correlations between cellular 18F-FDG/18F-FMISO uptake and HIF-1α/GLUT-1 expression in vitro, as well as between 18F-FMISO SUVmax and GLUT-1 expression in vivo. 18F-FMISO uptake may serve as a potential biomarker for the detection of liver metastases in CRC, whereas its clinical use warrants validation.
AGILE, Fermi, Swift, and GASP/WEBT multi-wavelength observations of the high-redshift blazar 4C +71.07 in outburst
Authors: Vercellone S. , Romano P. , Piano G. , Vittorini V. , Donnarumma I. , Munar-Adrover P. , Raiteri C. M. , Villata M. , Verrecchia F. , Lucarelli F. , Pittori C. , Bulgarelli A. , Fioretti V. , Tavani M. , Acosta-Pulido J. A. , Agudo I. , Arkharov A. A. , Bach U. , Bachev R. , Borman G. A. , Butuzova M. S. , Carnerero M. I. , Casadio C. , Damljanovic G. , D’Ammando F. , Di Paola A. , Doroshenko V. T. , Efimova N. V. , Ehgamberdiev Sh. A. , Giroletti M. , Gómez J. L. , Grishina T. S. , Järvelä E. , Klimanov S. A. , Kopatskaya E. N. , Kurtanidze O. M. , Lähteenmäki A. , Larionov V. M. , Larionova L. V. , Mihov B. , Mirzaqulov D. O. , Molina S. N. , Morozova D. A. , Nazarov S. V. , Orienti M. , Righini S. , Savchenko S. S. , Semkov E. , Slavcheva-Mihova L. , Strigachev A. , Tornikoski M. , Troitskaya Yu. V. , Vince O. , Cattaneo P. W. , Colafrancesco S. , Longo F. , Morselli A. , Paoletti F. , Parmiggiani N. 
Published: December 2018

Context. The flat-spectrum radio quasar 4C +71.07 is a high-redshift (z = 2.172), γ-loud blazar whose optical emission is dominated by thermal radiation from the accretion disc.
Aims. 4C +71.07 has been detected in outburst twice by the AGILE γ-ray satellite during the period from the end of October to mid-November 2015, when it reached a γ-ray flux of the order of F(E >  100 MeV)=(1.2 ± 0.3)×10−6 photons cm−2 s−1 and F(E > 100 MeV)=(3.1 ± 0.6)×10−6 photons cm−2 s−1, respectively, allowing us to investigate the properties of the jet and the emission region.
Methods. We investigated its spectral energy distribution by means of almost-simultaneous observations covering the cm, mm, near-infrared, optical, ultraviolet, X-ray, and γ-ray energy bands obtained by the GASP-WEBT Consortium and the Swift, AGILE, and Fermi satellites.
Results. The spectral energy distribution of the second γ-ray flare (whose energy coverage is more dense) can be modelled by means of a one-zone leptonic model, yielding a total jet power of about 4 × 1047 erg s−1.
Conclusions. During the most prominent γ-ray flaring period our model is consistent with a dissipation region within the broad-line region. Moreover, this class of high-redshift, flat-spectrum radio quasars with high-mass black holes might be good targets for future γ-ray satellites such as e-ASTROGAM.
Deriving star cluster parameters with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Bialopetravičius J. , Narbutis D. , Vansevičius V. 
Published: December 2018

Context. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proven to perform fast classification and detection on natural images and have the potential to infer astrophysical parameters on the exponentially increasing amount of sky-survey imaging data. The inference pipeline can be trained either from real human-annotated data or simulated mock observations. Until now, star cluster analysis was based on integral or individual resolved stellar photometry. This limits the amount of information that can be extracted from cluster images.
Aims. We aim to develop a CNN-based algorithm capable of simultaneously deriving ages, masses, and sizes of star clusters directly from multi-band images. We also aim to demonstrate CNN capabilities on low-mass semi-resolved star clusters in a low-signal-to-noise-ratio regime.
Methods. A CNN was constructed based on the deep residual network (ResNet) architecture and trained on simulated images of star clusters with various ages, masses, and sizes. To provide realistic backgrounds, M 31 star fields taken from The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey were added to the mock cluster images.
Results. The proposed CNN was verified on mock images of artificial clusters and has demonstrated high precision and no significant bias for clusters of ages ≲3 Gyr and masses between 250 and 4000 M⊙. The pipeline is end-to-end, starting from input images all the way to the inferred parameters; no hand-coded steps have to be performed: estimates of parameters are provided by the neural network in one inferential step from raw images.
Is there a left-handed magnetic field in the solar neighborhood?
Authors: Bracco A. , Candelaresi S. , Del Sordo F. , Brandenburg A. 
Published: December 2018

Context. The analysis of the full-sky Planck polarization data at 850 μm revealed unexpected properties of the E- and B-mode power spectra of dust emission in the interstellar medium (ISM). The positive cross-correlations over a wide range of angular scales between the total dust intensity, T, and both E and (most of all) B modes has raised new questions about the physical mechanisms that affect dust polarization, such as the Galactic magnetic field structure. This is key both to better understanding ISM dynamics and to accurately describing Galactic foregrounds to the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In particular, in the quest to find primordial B modes of the CMB, the observed positive cross-correlation between T and B for interstellar dust requires further investigation towards parity-violating processes in the ISM.
Aims. In this theoretical paper we investigate the possibility that the observed cross-correlations in the dust polarization power spectra, and specifically the one between T and B, can be related to a parity-odd quantity in the ISM such as the magnetic helicity.
Methods. We produce synthetic dust polarization data, derived from 3D analytical toy models of density structures and helical magnetic fields, to compare with the E and B modes of observations. We present several models. The first is an ideal fully helical isotropic case, such as the Arnold-Beltrami-Childress field. Second, following the nowadays favored interpretation of the T–E signal in terms of the observed alignment between the magnetic field morphology and the filamentary density structure of the diffuse ISM, we design models for helical magnetic fields wrapped around cylindrical interstellar filaments. Lastly, focusing on the observed T–B correlation, we propose a new line of interpretation of the Planck observations advocating the presence of a large-scale helical component of the Galactic magnetic field in the solar neighborhood.
Results. Our analysis shows that: I) the sign of magnetic helicity does not affect E and B modes for isotropic magnetic-field configurations; II) helical magnetic fields threading interstellar filaments cannot reproduce the Planck results; and III) a weak helical left-handed magnetic field structure in the solar neighborhood may explain the T–B correlation seen in the Planck data. Such a magnetic-field configuration would also account for the observed large-scale T–E correlation.
Conclusions. This work suggests a new perspective for the interpretation of the dust polarization power spectra that supports the imprint of a large-scale structure of the Galactic magnetic field in the solar neighborhood.
A deep X-ray view of the bare AGN Ark 120
Authors: Marinucci A. , Porquet D. , Tamborra F. , Bianchi S. , Braito V. , Lobban A. , Marin F. , Matt G. , Middei R. , Nardini E. , Reeves J. , Tortosa A. 
Published: December 2018

Context. The spectral shape of the hard X-ray continuum of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can be ascribed to inverse Compton scattering of optical/UV seed photons from the accretion disc by a hot corona of electrons. This physical process produces a polarization signal which is strongly sensitive to the geometry of the scattering medium (i.e. the hot corona) and of the radiation field.
Aims. MoCA (Monte Carlo code for Comptonisation in Astrophysics) is a versatile code which allows for different geometries and configurations to be tested for Compton scattering in compact objects. A single photon approach is considered as well as polarisation and Klein–Nishina effects. In this work, we selected four different geometries for the scattering electrons cloud above the accretion disc, namely an extended slab, an extended spheroid and two compact spheroids.
Methods. We discuss the first application of the MoCA model to reproduce the hard X-ray primary continuum of the bare Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 120, using different geometries for the hot corona above the accretion disc. The lack of extra-Galactic absorption along the line of sight makes it an excellent target for studying the accretion disc-corona system. We report on the spectral analysis of the simultaneous 2013 and 2014 XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the source.
Results. A general agreement is found between the best fit values of the hot coronal parameters obtained with MoCA and the ones inferred using other Comptonisation codes from the literature. The expected polarization signal from the best fits with MoCA is then presented and discussed, in view of the launch in 2021 of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE).
Conclusions. We find that none of the tested geometries for the hot corona (extended slab and extended/compact spheroids) can be statistically preferred, based on spectroscopy solely. In the future, an IXPE observation less than 1 Ms long will clearly distinguish between an extended slab or a spherical hot corona.
A Subblock Partition Of Multi-Layer Pattern Based Image Classification Approach
Authors: Lv Xuan , Ma Zezhong , Liu Qing 
Published: December 2018

Since traditional partition approach may construct very different image representation because of the changed locations of objects in the same image, a subblock partition of multi-layer pattern method for image representation is proposed. The saliency windows straddled by superpixels are utilized to partition the image into multi-layer pattern subblocks. Then all the subblocks are combined to a three order tensor. Comparing to the results of image classification item of Pascal Voc 2007 Challenge，it indicates that the proposed representation method is robust to the varied object locations and achieves better performance than other approaches.
CCS Concepts
Computing methodologies➝Computer vision • Computing methodologies➝ Machine learning
Wie belastet sind Pflegende?
Authors: Maier-Rösch Elfriede 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Gefährdung durch psychische Belastungen bei Pflegenden sollte in jeder Klinik beurteilt und gegebenenfalls reduziert werden. Praktisch hapert es meist schon
bei der Durchführung oder beim Umsetzen von geeigneten Maßnahmen, wie eine neue empirische Studie zeigt. Mehr dazu sowie Handlungsempfehlungen finden Sie
hier.
Neurografie des N. Suralis
Authors: Buchner Helmut , Schönlau Lars , Ferbert Andreas 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Neurografie des N. suralis hat große Bedeutung in der Diagnose von Polyneuropathien. Dieser Artikel stellt unterschiedliche Untersuchungstechniken mit ihren Vor- und Nachteilen vor, bespricht Messergebnisse und Normalwerte und nennt Anhaltspunkte für die Unterscheidung des axonalen und demyelinisierenden Läsionstyps. Letztlich wird ein Standard für die neurografische Untersuchung und deren Bewertung vorgeschlagen.
Grundlagen und Anwendung der
Neuromodulation
Authors: Lotze Martin , Ladda Marie 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Neurostimulation ist eine attraktive Methode, um gezielt auf kortikale oder
subkortikale neuronale Netzwerke Einfluss zu nehmen. Insbesondere die kortikale
Stimulation ist durch nichtinvasive Methoden möglich und gut durchführbar.
Subkortikale Strukturen sind dagegen meist nur durch invasive Techniken
stimulierbar, die aufwendiger und mit höherem Risiko verbunden sind.
Pflege im Umbruch
Authors: Pitschke Christiane 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Pflege ist auch politisch gerade im Fokus – die Herausforderungen der Zukunft
scheinen auch in der Politik angekommen. Der Pflege eine starke Stimme
geben, ist auch das Ziel des Deutschen Pflegetags 2019.
Pflastersteine in der Lunge
Authors: Fisser C. , Hamer O. , Eiber R. , Pfeifer M. , Lerzer C. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie pulmonale Alveolarproteinose ist eine seltene pulmonale Erkrankung (Inzidenz < 0,5/1 000 000). Charakterisiert ist sie durch eine erniedrigte Surfactant-Clearance. Bei Erwachsenen liegt in 90 – 95 % eine autoimmune pulmonale Alveolarproteinose vor. Für die restlichen 5 – 10 % sind sekundäre Auslöser wie z. B. Staubinhalation, hämatologische Erkrankungen, Infektionen, Drogen/Medikamente ursächlich. Meist sind männliche Patienten zwischen 30 – 60 Jahren, wie in unserem Fall, betroffen. Häufig leiden die Patienten unter Husten und Dyspnoe mit eingeschränktem Gasaustausch. Im CT-Thorax findet sich typischerweise ein Crazy-Paving-Muster. Laborchemisch sind bei der autoimmunen pulmonalen Alveolarproteinose in fast 100 % Antikörper gegenüber Granulozyten-Makrophagen-Kolonie-bildende Faktoren zu finden. Die Therapie der Wahl, bei symptomatischen Patienten, ist die therapeutische Ganzlungenlavage mit großen Mengen an Spülflüssigkeit. In dem dargestellten Fall kam es dadurch zu einer deutlichen klinischen und funktionellen Verbesserung.
Arbeiten ohne Scheuklappen
Authors: Küppers Axel 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungMotiviert unter Hochdruck: Die Chefin der Pflege im Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe nimmt
die Mitarbeiter mit, wenn es um Verbesserungen und Pilotprojekte im Sinne des
Lean Gedanken geht. Ein Gespräch mit Ann-Christin Reimer.
Anatomical Study of Periosteal Vascularization of the Forearm: Design of Vascularized Periosteal Flaps
Authors: Barrera-Ochoa Sergi , Campillo-Recio David , Knorr Jorge , Mir-Bullo Xavier , Rodríguez-Baeza Alfonso , Soldado Francisco 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Vascularized periosteal flaps (VPFs) have proven to be a useful technique for the treatment of unfavorable biological situations in children, with excellent results due to their osteogenic potential. The objective of this work is to present a detailed anatomical description of the periosteal vascularization of the radius and ulna, as well as the design of the forearm VPFs.
Methods Anatomical study with 10 fresh-frozen specimens with antegrade injection of green colored latex. Periosteal branches of the radius and ulna, septocutaneous branches, and muscular branches were dissected. The size of the pre and postdissection flaps was measured, as well as the length of the vascular pedicles.
Results The four vascular axes studied were the anterior interosseous vascular axis (AIA), radial axis (RA), ulnar axis (UA), and posterior interosseous vascular axis (PIA). The AIA (volar-radial VPF): an average of 16.2 periosteal branches were obtained, with a mean distance of 6.6 mm between them. The mean size of the VPF was 41.3 cm2 pre-dissection and 32.4 cm2 post-dissection. The average pedicle length was 16.1 cm. Vascular RA (radial VPF): an average of 20.8 branches was found, with a mean VPF size of 54.8 cm2predissection, and 39.3 cm2 post-dissection. The average pedicle length was 20.2 cm. Vascular PIA (dorsal-ulnar VPF): an average of 12.8 periosteal branches were obtained, with the mean VPF size being 26.2 cm2 pre-dissection and 20.4 cm2 post-dissection. The average pedicle length 12.6 cm. Vascular UA (ulnar VPF): an average of 10.2 periosteal branches were obtained with a mean VPF size of 37.5 cm2 pre-dissection and 28.2 cm2 post-dissection. of the average pedicle length was 14.8 cm.
Conclusions We have described four new VPFs, with the most useful and versatile being the dorsal-ulnar VPF, based on the PIA, and the volar-radial, based on the AIA. The main advantages of these flaps with respect to microsurgical techniques are the simplicity and speed of the technique, its elasticity and adaptability to the recipient bed, as well as its versatility.
Different Roles of Microvascular Decompression in Hemifacial Spasm and Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Lee Min Ho , Lee Jeong-A , Park Kwan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Objectives Microvascular decompression (MVD) involves the same procedure for both hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN), the resulting clinical courses are different. The aim of this study was to compare differences in MVD operations for HFS and TN and to determine the consequences of these differences on the clinical courses of the two diseases.
Methods The medical records of patients who underwent an MVD operation between January 1998 and March 2013 were reviewed.
Results A total of 2,263 patients were enrolled, 222 had TN and 2,040 had HFS. In the HFS group, the estimated cure rates at postoperative years 1, 2, and 3 were 92.0, 93.4, and 93.6%. In the TN group, the estimated cure rates at postoperative years 1, 2, and 3 were 88.4, 89.4, and 91.4%. Comparison of the initial treatment response between the HFS and TN groups did not reveal any statistically significant difference (p = 0.338). Among the 1,749 HFS patients initially cured by MVD, 57 were worsened. Among the 181 TN patients treated by MVD, 43 were worsened, with ≥ BNI III (Barrow Neurological Institute pain intensity score III) 12 worsened to a BNI score of IV. Comparing the recurrence rate between the HFS and TN groups, there was a statistically significant difference for cases with ≥ BNI III (p < 0.001), but not in cases with ≥ BNI IV (p = 0.498).
Conclusion MVD is a promising treatment for HFS. In contrast, MVD-treated TN had a risk of recurrence. The MVD operation should be carefully considered when applied as a treatment for TN patients.
Alles zu seiner Zeit – Lebensphasengerechtes
Arbeiten
Authors: Hug Josef 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungUm dem Fachkräftemangel entgegenzuwirken, müssen Kliniken junge Mitarbeiter finden und
ältere binden. Die Pflegedirektion des Klinikums Karlsruhe gewährt Einblick in ein
zukunftsweisendes Projekt, das bereits vor sechs Jahren an den Start ging.
Man lernt nie aus
Authors: Zehner Barbara 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder in Regensburg stellt Weichen für die Zukunft. Neben den dualen Pflegestudenten, die künftig im Pflegealltag mitarbeiten,
möchte die Klinik auch ihre Stationsleitungen akademisch qualifizieren – in einem eigens konzipierten Curriculum.
Erlösorientierte Personalausstattung im
Intensivbereich
Authors: Plücker Wolfgang 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDieser Ansatz basiert darauf, nur das Personal vorzuhalten, das aus den
Einnahmen bezahlt werden kann. Wenn sich aber die notwendige
Personalmenge nicht über die DRG-Erlöse finanzieren lässt, zieht das Probleme
nach sich.
Untergrenzen für Deutschland
Authors: Zander Britta , Busse Reinhard 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungEinen Vorschlag zur Ausgestaltung der Personaluntergrenzen machen Forscher des Hamburg Center for Health
Economics (HCHE). Aktuell wird er als Entscheidungsgrundlage diskutiert. Lesen Sie mehr über die Hintergründe.
Außerdem: Ein Blick ins Ausland.
Effects of beliefs about sanctions on promoting cooperation in a public goods game
Authors: Yamamoto Hitoshi , Suzuki Takahisa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCooperative behaviour among people facing social dilemmas remains an unsolved puzzle. Sanction systems such as punishment and reward are well-known solutions to social dilemmas. On the one hand, it is theorised that peer sanctions cannot maintain cooperation because of the intrusion of second-order free riders. On the other hand, experimental studies have widely reported that cooperation is sustainable by first-order sanction systems. To understand the divergence between theory and experimental results, we focus on the effects of beliefs about sanctions on promoting cooperation. While previous studies have revealed effects of beliefs about other people’s cooperation in public goods games (PGGs), the effect of beliefs about sanctions have not been considered. We conducted a scenario-based experiment using one-shot PGGs with and without sanction systems. The results revealed that beliefs about sanctions promote cooperation in a PGG when types of sanctions and some psychological attitudes to cooperation are controlled for. Our results indicate that the beliefs of actors promote cooperation despite the possible presence of second-order free riders. A belief about sanctions differs from a preference for cooperative behaviour and the amount a player pays to exercise a sanction. It is necessary to consider players’ beliefs about a sanction when studying its effectiveness.
Alternative antibiotics from crop plants: effects of black pepper (
Piper nigrum
L.) in broiler nutrition.
Authors: Puvača N. , Ljubojević D. , Ðuragić O. , Popović S. , Könyves T. , Miščević B. , Prodanović R. , Bošković J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Black pepper is considered the most attractive spice throughout the world, owing to its pungent alkaloid piperine, which biologically presents a very important spice in human and animal nutrition. Various experiments have shown that black pepper and its secondary metabolites could be used as an antiapoptotic, antibacterial, antidepressant, antifungal, antidiarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and hepatoprotective. Black pepper can be used to treat stomach disturbances, bronchitis and cancer caused by the impact of germs. It can cause an increase in digestive juice flow in the stomach. Many experiments have shown an increase in body weight and better food conversion with the use of black pepper in broiler diets. This paper gives a review of the black pepper characteristics and its various effects and mode of action in broiler nutrition.
Between Berlin and Cambridge: classical conceptions of the general economic equilibrium in the late 1920s
Authors: Marchionatti Roberto 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper deals with some contributions to the debate on General Economic Equilibrium between the two world wars. Originating in Cambridge and Berlin, they differed from the Viennese contributions of the Walrasian perspective traditionally considered by the literature. They can be defined to represent the classical approach to general equilibrium. The authors considered are the Italian-born economist Piero Sraffa, the German mathematician Robert Remak and the Russian-born economist Wassily Leontief. The paper focuses in particular on the intellectual origins of their contributions in the Russian-German theoretical debate of the period 1890–1910 involving classical economists, Marx and Walras: these connections emerge clearly in the contributions of the German-Russian Mathematical School between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries.