bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of Spinach Plant (Amaranthus tricolor L.) by Application of Kascing Organic Fertilizer and Bamboo Leaf Litter Mulch
Authors: Setiawati Tia , Rahmawati Fitryasari , Supriatun Titin 
Published: March 2018

Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.). is one of the vegetables that are economically valuable with high nutrient content to support public health so that its production needs to be improved. The purpose of study was to obtained the optimal dosage of kascing organic fertilizer and the thickness of the bamboo leaf litter mulch on increase growth of spinach. The research used experimental method with randomize block design (RBD), two factors and three replications. The first factor was the adding of kascing organic fertilizer (K), consist of five levels doses, i.e: without adding kascing fertilizer (k0); 2.5 g/kg of soil (k1); 5 g/kg of soil (k2); 7.5 g/kg of soil (k3) and 10 g/kg of soil (k4). The second factor was bamboo leaf litter mulch (M), consist of three levels, i.e: without mulch (m0); mulch with thickness of 2.5 cm (m1); mulch with thickness of 5 cm (m2). Parameter observed were the plant height, the number of leaves, the leaf area, the shoot dry weight and the root dry weight. The data obtained was analyze using Anova and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (α=5%). The results showed that interaction between dosage of kascing fertilizer with bamboos leaves litter mulch could increase the average of plant height (50.17 cm), number of leaves (40.33 leaves), shoot dry weight (5.77 g) and root dry weight (1.78 g) of spinach. Commonly, kascing organic fertilizer dose of 5 g/kg of soil (k2) and bamboos leaves litter mulch on the tickness of 5 cm (m2) combination was the best treatment for growth of spinach.
Keywords: bamboo leaf litter, mulch, organic fertilizer of kascing, spinach
Study of Insect Diversity in Rice Agroecosystem in Karawang West Java
Authors: Siriyah Siti Latifatus , Khamid Miftakhul B.R. , Bayfurqon Fawzy M 
Published: March 2018

Insects were collected from rice fields in Karawang West Java. Since insects are dominant in Rice field, their role in the ecosystem are important regarding the rice production. Therefore, the occurance of insect species and their role in ecosystem are important to understand. The aim of this reasearch was to study the insect occurance in rice field in Karawang to obtain the potential candidate for biological control agent. The insects were collected using sweep net, pit fall trap and light trap. Nine insect orders were collected and 49 morphospecies were identified including insect pest, parasitoids, predator, tourist and detritivore. Paederus sp., Cyrtohinus and Micraspis sp., were the most abundant entomophagous insect that is potential candidate for biological control agent in Karawang.
Keywords: insect, insect diversity, rice fields, karawang
Magnetic and Microwave Absorbing of Mn(1-x)NdxFe2O4 Synthesized with Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Adha Mia , Yunasfi Y. , Nurhasni N. 
Published: March 2018

Characterization of magnetic and microwave absorbing properties of Mn(1-x)NdxFe2O4 synthesized with co-precipitation method have been carried out. Mn(1-x)NdxFe2O4 (with x = 0.0; 0.4; and 0.8) powders was synthesized from mixture of NiCl2, NdCl3 and FeCl3 in mole ratio. Mixing of this powders were soluted with NH4OH 4M up to pH = 9.0. The formed precipitate were washed with demineralized water up to pH = 7.0 and then dryed at 120 oC for 5 h, sintered at 1200 for 3 h. Phase identification with X-ray diffractometer (XRD) have formed composite multiphases, which indicated by the appearance of MnFe2O4, NdFeO3 and Fe2O3 phase. The magnetic measurement using VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer) showed that the sample exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior, the Ms value is lower (in the range of 30 – 11 emu/g) while the Hc value is greater (in the range of 111 – 132 Oe) with increased concentration of Nd3+ ion (x values). Measurement by VNA (Vector Network Analyzer) showed the ability of absorption of microwaves increased with increasing content of Nd3+ ion, the composition of x = 0.0 at about 70% and addition of Nd3+ ion up to composition x = 0.8 at about 91%.
Keywords: MnNd ferrite, co-precipitation methode, magnetic properties, microwave absorption
FeCrMnNiCSi Coating on Grey Cast Iron FC 25 Variable Gas Pressure on Thermal Arc Spray Method
Authors: Purwaningsih Hariyati , Putra Rifqi Tantyo , Raharjo Slamet , Rochiem Rochman , Purniawan Agung 
Published: March 2018

One of the important components of motor fuel engine is cylinder liner. There is a compression and friction combustion process with a piston that produces mechanical energy in cylinder liner. This process introduced several problems that often arise, such as wear reducing because the piston is moving back and forth continuously causing gas leakage so that compression pressure is reduced. To prevent such damage it is necessary to coat the metal with other material that has better wear resistance. This study used FeCrMnNiCSi coating material deposited on Gray cast iron FC 25 by thermal arc spray method to analyze the influence of pressure air variation on morphology and mechanical properties. SEM analysis showed that the higher pressure on the coating process results smaller particles thereby decreasing the porosity. Roughness testing also showed a decrease in the higher pressure, at a pressure of 6 bar of 127.333 μm. Microhardness showed that the 6 bar pressure indicating hardness was 639.8 HV. At 6 bar pressure also obtained the highest abrasion resistance value is 29.66 rotation / mg. The value of adhesion strength in the 4 bar pressure variables shows the optimum value compared with other pressure variations of 15.02 MPa.
Keywords: cylinder liner, thermal arc-spray, pressure ambient
The Development of Web-based Graphical User Interface for Learning and Fitting Generalized Estimating Equation with Spline Smoothers
Authors: Tirta Made , Anggraeni Dian 
Published: March 2018

Statistical modeling (regression analyses) have been growing rapidly into various directions to accommodate various data conditions. For longitudinal or repeated measures data, one of the suitable models is GEE (Generalized Estimating Equation). In practice, to do complex modeling such as GEE, the use of statistical software is necessary and it is available on free open source software R. However, GEE modeling on R can only be access through command line interface (CLI), and most practical researchers very much rely on Graphical User Interface (GUI) based statistics software. To make access to GEE (both order 1 and 2) much easier, we developed, using Shiny toolkit, two types of web-based GUI, standard pull down menu type and e-module type (with narrative theories) that can be utilized for learning and fitting GEE. This paper discusses the features of the interfaces and illustrates the use of them.
Keywords: longitudinal data, Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE), exponential families, statistical modeling, correlated response, nonparametric, natural splines, shiny toolkit
Hacia un urbanismo emergente: La ciudad viva
Authors: Gallegos Rodríguez Reyes 
Published: March 2018

Este artículo muestra algunos resultados de mi tesis doctoral, cuya fuente documental es la contenida en el Proyecto La ciudad viva (LCV), iniciado en 2008 por la Junta de Andalucía con el propósito de revisar las disfunciones de la ciudad contemporánea y aportar soluciones, logrando ser el canal de reflexión y participación más utilizado en nuestro país y en el ámbito urbanístico durante años.La hipótesis defiende que las múltiples voces y perspectivas contenidas en LCV, descubren nuevas lógicas urbanas que necesitamos explorar si queremos un futuro diferente. Para lo cual, y tras analizar y relacionar los contenidos (generados en la última década por corresponsales repartidos por el todo el mundo), se identifican una serie de ZONAS que, mediante una serie de RELATOS literarios, hacen referencia a sus numerosas fuentes multidisciplinares, y son:Zona 1. Generación rotonda. La crisis de la habitabilidad contemporánea.Zona 2. Flânerie es femenino. Caminar por la ciudad con perspectiva de género.Zona 3. Periferias. La intervención pública en los barrios europeos de vivienda social.Zona 4. Derecho a techo. Alternativas habitacionales.Los relatos, que observan y analizan “la ciudad heredada”, terminan en “itinerarios hacia un urbanismo emergente” que localizan propuestas con nuevos instrumentos para “la ciudad por hacer”. Abstract: This article shows some results of my doctoral thesis. The documentary source is included in the "The living city" Project (TLC), started in 2008 by the Andalusian Government to revise the dysfunctions of the contemporary city and provide solutions. It became the most used rethinking and participation channel in our country and in the urban environment for years.The hypothesis advocates that the multiple voices and perspectives included in TLC discover new urban logics that we need to explore if we desire a different future. To achieve that goal and after analyzing and linking the contents (many articles and posts generated during the last decade by different people from all over the world), several AREAS are being identified and, through several literary STORIES, they refer to many multidisciplinar sources. These areas are: Area 1. Roundabout generation, the crisis of contemporary habitability.Area 2. Flânerie is feminine, a pedestrian city with a gender perspective.Area 3. Peripheries, the public intervention in European social housing neighborhoods.Area 4. Right to housing; housing alternatives.Stories, that observe and analyze "the inherited city", end up in “itineraries "towards an emerging urban planning", that locate through diagrams and proposals, new tools and applications for "the to be done city".
Identify Students’ Concept Understanding Using Three-Tier Multiple Choice Questions (TTMCs) on Stoichiometry
Authors: Anintia Rinayu , Sadhu Satya , Annisa Desfi 
Published: March 2018

<p class="Abstract">The research addressed 1) to develop a three-tier test, 2) to identify students’ concept understanding in stoichiometry. The design of this research is descriptive. Cluster sampling technique with proportional measuring is used to collect 176 selected samples from three different schools. Analyses were conducted to check on content validity, empirical validity, discrimination index, and difficulty index. Findings of the pilot study showed that the content validity is in the range of 0.56 – 1.00 score. The empirical validity value was found to be appropriate and good enough with 28 out of 30 questions are valid with t<sub>table</sub> 1.99, reliability is 0.47. Discrimination index was found to be appropriate with 3.57% question in excellent, 42.86% question in good, 42.86% question in fair, and 10.71% question in poor. Difficulty was found to be appropriate with 17.86% questions in convenient and 82.14% question in fair. Identification of students’ concept understanding using three-tier showed that 33.10% of students comprehend the concept correctly, 4.06% students are less understand the concept, 31.53% students are in misconception, 19.50% students did not comprehend the concept, and 11.81% students are guessing.</p>
Implementation of student’s worksheet based on project based learning (pjbl) to foster student’s creativity
Authors: Sahtoni Sahtoni , Suyatna Agus , Manurung Posman 
Published: March 2018

<p class="Abstract">This study aimed to foster student creativity through the use of student worksheet based on Project Base Learning (PjBL) on dynamic electrical material in making alternative power sources. The research method is using a pre-experimental design with One-Shot case study type. The study population was students of class IX MTs Al-Islah in Pesawaran Lampung. A sample of one class consisting of 30 people was obtained by purposive sumpling. Data analysis was done by using descriptive concerning creativity, product, and response of students to see effectiveness of learning. The results showed that the application of student worksheet based on project based learning is overall effective to foster creativity of student. Based on the average of student’s creativity, the result is 80% which categorized as “creative.” Based on the average of student’s product, the result is 76.2% which categorized as “valuable.” The student’s response is positive as much as 92% which categorized as “very agree.”</p>
KUR’ÂN LÜGATLERİNİN DOĞUŞU VE GELİŞİMİ
Authors: Kurt İsmail 
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışma, Hicri I. asırdan V. asra kadar, Kur’ân
lügatlerinin, doğuşundan gelişimine doğru nasıl bir seyir izlediğini kronolojik
olarak örnekleriyle ve sözlük çeşitleriyle ele almaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı
bu sözlüklerin çıkış sürecindeki nedenlere de kısaca değinerek, türlerinin
ilklerinden ve yenilik getirenlerinden örnekler vererek her bir sözlük türünün
Kur’ân’ı anlamamızdaki işlevini ve onlardan nasıl daha iyi istifade
edilebileceğini ortaya koymaya çalışmaktır. Bu çalışma Kur’ân sözlüğü sayılan
veya Kur’ân sözlüğü olarak addedilebilecek çalışmalar olan Garîbü’l-Kur’ân,
Vücûh ve’n-Nezâir ve Meâni’l-Kur’ân’ların ilk beş asırda telif edilenlerini,
tarihi seyriyle beraber her bir türü özellikleriyle ve Kur’ân tefsirinde
onlardan nasıl istifade edileceğiyle ilgili olarak örnekleriyle ele alacaktır.
TEFSİR İLMİ AÇISINDAN CEVHERÎ’NİN "TÂCU’L-LUGA VE SIHÂHU’L-ARABİYYE" ADLI ESERİ
Authors: Şahin İskender 
Published: March 2018

Kur'ânî
kavramların anlaşılmasında Arapça sözlükleri vazgeçilmez bir filolojik kaynaktır.
Vahyi anlama sorunu çerçevesinde başlayan sözlük çalışmaları, Cevherî ile daha
da ileri bir seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Sadece sahih kelimeleri toplama maksadıyla
yola çıkan müellif, Kur'ân'ın indiği Hicaz bölgesinde yıllarca kalmak suretiyle
bu amacını gerçekleştirmiş ve nihayetinde "Sıhah" olarak meşhur olan
eserini vücuda getirmiştir. Söz konusu eser, yaklaşık bin kadar ayeti ihtiva
etmekte ve içerisinde pek çok Kur'ân lafzının tefsirini barındırmaktadır. Bir
bakıma küçük bir dilbilimsel tefsir olarak da değerlendirebileceğimiz Sıhah,
sahih kelimeleri ihtiva etmesi yönüyle filolojik tefsir için önemli ve sağlam
bir kaynaktır.&nbsp;&nbsp;
The Effect of 12 and 24-Hour Blue Lighting on Performance and Feeding Behaviour of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Asih Diah Reni , Harimurti Sri , Wihandoyo Wihandoyo 
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted to assess the effects of the 12 and 24 hours blue lighting on the performance of broiler chickens. This study used 2,700 broiler chickens that were divided into three treatments which are: control lighting (K) with conventional light used by farmers, 12-hours blue lighting (B12), and 24-hours blue lighting (B24). Each treatment was repeated three times and consisted of 300 broiler chickens each. The parameters observed were feeding behaviour including the feeding duration, feeding frequency, and broiler chickens performance. The results showed that broilers treated with the B24 and B12 lighting have longer feeding duration (P<0.05), lower feeding frequency (P<0.05), higher body weight gained (P<0.05), and lower feed conversion (P<0.05) when compared to those of chickens with K lighting. The conclusion of this study showed that continuous 24-hours blue lighting (B24) caused longer feeding duration and lower feeding frequency and the treatment of B24 and B12 lighting gave better benefits than control lighting.
Ketahanan Pangan dan Kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Zakiah NFN 
Published: March 2018

<p>Poverty is closely related to food security because poor people have limited consumption choice including that of food. This study aims to examine poverty line and correlation between poverty and food security in Aceh Province. This study utilized a panel data from 23 regencies/municipalities in Aceh Province during the period of 2007-2013. To measure poverty line, approaches taken were minimum physical need based on minimum expenditure level of rice consumption and food security based on energy consumption. Data were analyzed using a 2SLS method. The result shows that the regions with low poverty line have lower energy consumption compared to those with higher poverty line. Banda Aceh has the highest poverty line and energy consumption level. On the other hand, North Aceh, Southeast Aceh, Bener Meriah Regencies, and Subulussalam Municipality are the regions areas with lowest poverty lines and energy consumption levels. To improve food security, some measures to take are food availability assurance, farmers’ empowerment, agricultural inputs subsidy provision, infrastructure construction, paddy field leveling-up, agricultural extension improvement, innovation invention, and food warehouse establishment.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Kemiskinan erat kaitannya dengan ketahanan pangan karena kemiskinan menyebabkan keterbatasan untuk mengonsumsi pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat garis kemiskinan dan keterkaitan antara kemiskinan dan ketahanan pangan di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel 23 kabupaten yang ada di Provinsi Aceh pada periode 2007–2013. Garis kemiskinan dianalisis menggunakan tingkat pengeluaran minimum dengan pendekatan kebutuhan fisik minimum, yaitu konsumsi beras (subsistence level), sedangkan ketahanan pangan dianalisis dengan pendekatan konsumsi energi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ekonometrika dengan dua persamaan yang pendugaannya menggunakan metode 2SLS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum daerah dengan garis kemiskinan rendah mempunyai konsumsi energi lebih rendah dibandingkan daerah dengan daerah dengan garis kemiskinan lebih tinggi. Banda Aceh mempunyai garis kemiskinan dan konsumsi energi paling tinggi, sementara Aceh Utara, Aceh Tenggara, Bener Meriah, dan Subulussalam merupakan daerah dengan garis kemiskinan dan konsumsi energi paling rendah. Upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan dapat ditempuh mulai dari tingkat ketersediaan pangan, yaitu dengan memberdayakan petani baik sebagai produsen maupun konsumen, melalui subsidi input, peningkatan infrastruktur, pencetakan lahan sawah baru, perbaikan sistem dan sumber daya penyuluh/pendamping, kerja sama dengan perguruan tinggi dalam menghasilkan inovasi, dan menghidupkan kembali lumbung pangan di setiap rumah tangga. </p>
Terremotos y salud: la organización de los servicios de atención médica
Authors: Arboleya-Casanova Herberto , Zavala-Sánchez Héctor Marino , Gómez-Peña Elena Gabriela , López-Jacinto Elvira Adriana , Flores-Soto Juan Alberto , Méndez-Hernández Edna Madai , Olaiz-Fernández Gustavo 
Published: March 2018

Los sistemas de salud están expuestos a diversos desastres que pueden impactar en la eficacia y calidad de servicio que ofrecen. Por ello, es importante contar con elementos que les permitan tener una adecuada infraestructura y organización. Este texto delinea algunos de estos elementos y acciones, cuya incorporación en los hospitales permitirá brindar una respuesta oportuna en caso de desastre. Se expone el uso del triage como un instrumento que regula el ingreso de los pacientes a los hospitales y se analiza cómo el inadecuado uso de éste durante una situación de desastre puede cobrar la vida de las personas lesionadas. Por último, se propone la preparación de un hospital ante posibles desastres y se retoma la experiencia de otro en el marco de los sismos ocurridos en México en 2017.
El terremoto 19S en Morelos: la experiencia operativa del INEEL en la evaluación del riesgo estructural
Authors: García-Carrera Jesús Salvador , Mena-Hernández Ulises , Bermúdez-Alarcón Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2018

El sismo del 19 de septiembre de 2017 en México causó daños catastróficos en el estado de Morelos que afectaron a más de 23 000 inmuebles en prácticamente todos losmunicipios del estado. Después de un sismo, resultan de gran importancia las acciones de emergencia existentes en la región para dar apoyo a la sociedad, tanto en el rescate de personas atrapadas como en la evaluación de la ondición estructural que presentan los inmuebles, y de esta manera, mitigar sus efectos. Las acciones de emergencia requieren de planeación, organización, recursos económicos y materiales y, sobre todo, de trabajo en equipo. Desafortunadamente muchas sociedades no están preparadas para contener grandes desastres, por lo que puede resultar muy difícil hacer frente a una gran emergencia sin las condiciones adecuadas. Durante la emergencia del 19 de septiembre se vivió una situación jamás esperada en el estado de Morelos por los daños provocados por el sismo de magnitud 7.1, con epicentro a menos de 75 km de distancia, que puso a prueba al sistema de emergencia del estado. De manera particular, investigadores del Instituto Nacional de Electricidad y Energías Limpias (INEEL) iniciaron acciones de inspección en los inmuebles de su propio instituto, y posteriormente se pusieron a las órdenes de Protección Civil del Estado de Morelos para realizar inspecciones post-sísmicas de los inmuebles de gobierno, escuelas y, en general, de las viviendas de Morelos. La tarea principal del apoyo del INEEL consistió en dictaminar si los inmuebles debían continuar operando o ser habitables, si debían ser desalojados para hacer una revisión detallada o incluso si debían ser demolidos debido al alto riesgo de colapso que presentaban. El apoyo proporcionado por el INEEL no sólo se concentró en la evaluación post-sísmica de los inmuebles, sino que ha sido el inicio de una mayor colaboración con las autoridades del Estado, que resultará en el mejoramiento de los planes de emergencia y, sobre todo, en la actualización de las normas de diseño.
Similarity of the Effect of Different Dissolved Gases on Heavy-Oil Viscosity
Authors: Freitag Norman P. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
An analysis of viscosity data for mixtures of different gases dissolved in three different heavy oils and bitumens revealed that, at the same molar concentrations and at the same pressure, each of these gases reduced the oil-phase viscosity by almost the same amount. Because the gases that were examined included both hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons, it was concluded that this behavior could be generalized to include most of the gases encountered in, or injected into, heavy-oil and bitumen reservoirs.
This principle was discovered in the new results of a study on two heavy oils. These oils were mixed with methane or carbon dioxide or propane to achieve vapor/liquid equilibrium at various pressures. When the measured oil-phase viscosities were adjusted to the same pressure without further change to their compositions, and were subsequently plotted against gas concentration in mole percentage, all the values fell on approximately the same curve. The same behavior was subsequently observed in gas/bitumen data that had been published previously by other authors.
Although it can be reasoned that the adjusted viscosities must begin to diverge at high concentrations when different gases are used, the differences were not experimentally discernable even at dissolved-gas concentrations as high as 60 mol%. The effect was the same when more than one dissolved gas was present.
The application of this uniformity principle is expected to make it easier to compare the costs of using different solvent gases to reduce the viscosity of heavy oils and bitumens during enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) operations.