bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech-Language Pathologists' Clinical Decision Making for Children With Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Selin Claire M. , Rice Mabel L. , Girolamo Teresa , Wang Chien J. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The speech-language pathologist's (SLP's) role for the specific language impairment (SLI) population is to provide specialized intervention targeting underlying deficits. However, children with SLI are often underrepresented on caseloads despite a high prevalence of the disorder and known long-term impacts. This study explored how SLPs use research to inform clinical decision making for SLI under neutral workplace circumstances.

Method

A national web-based survey was distributed to SLPs (
n
= 563) to investigate assessment and intervention clinical decision making for individuals with SLI. Vignettes portrayed various clinical profiles of SLI across dimensions of affectedness (child characteristics). Respondents made clinical decisions under neutral workplace conditions to remove confounds of work setting, policies, and caseload/time management constraints. The influence of child and practitioner characteristics on clinical decision making was explored.

Results
Variation across the vignettes emerged for the clinical decisions of SLP service recommendation, service delivery, intervention contents, specific treatment goals, and a monitoring approach. Practitioner characteristics had little influence, while child characteristics influenced responses across the clinical decision-making process. Assessment standard scores and percentiles were most strongly associated with SLP service recommendation.

Conclusion
The use of vignette methodology was demonstrated for the discipline of communication sciences and disorders. SLPs recommended services for individuals with SLI at higher rates than in actual practice; however, variation across the clinical decision-making process occurred. Implications include the reduction and removal of constraining workplace characteristics and increasing SLP competency for identifying the diagnostic profile of SLI.
Insulintherapie des Typ-2-Diabetes
Authors: Goelz Stefan , Wiesner Tobias 
Published: April 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDiabetes mellitus ist eine Erkrankung mit einer zunehmenden Zahl von Betroffenen, in Deutschland und weltweit. Moderne Therapieoptionen mit zum Teil äußerst günstigen Auswirkungen auf den Eintritt kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse einschließlich der kardiovaskulären Mortalität machen Hoffnung auf eine weitere positive Beeinflussung durch konsequenteren Einsatz dieser Präparate. Insulin hat neben einer sehr geringen Rate an Kontraindikationen den Vorteil der guten Steuerbarkeit, belastet aber durch ein prinzipielles Risiko für Hypoglykämien. Im Folgenden wird der mögliche Einsatz anhand aktueller Daten dargelegt und interpretiert.
Wie ist die Wirksamkeit der apparativen Kompression bei
Beinen mit Ödem unter Anwendung von schenkellangen und wadenlangen Stiefeln im
Vergleich?
Authors: Mendoza Erika , Amsler Felix 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Zur apparativen intermittierenden Kompression bei Ödemen aller
Art sind hierzulande nur schenkellange Geräte, bzw. Hosen üblich. Wadenlange
Geräte sind auf dem Markt, aber noch nicht auf ihre Wirksamkeit untersucht. Die
Studie vergleicht die Wirksamkeit schenkellanger vs. knielanger
Entstauungsstiefel auf Volumenreduktion und Symptome.
Methode Es handelt sich um eine forscher-initiierte, monozentrische,
randomisierte Studie mit dem Vergleich der Wirksamkeit anhand Umfangmessungen
der Waden (händisch und maschinell), sowie Volumenmessungen (BT 600, Bauerfeind)
und Schmerz-Scores. Patienten mit Lipödem, Phlebödem, Lymphödem,
Adipositas-bedingtem Ödem und medikamentös/internistischem symmetrischem Ödem
wurden aufgenommen, vor der Behandlung im Stehen (nach Hinstellen, sowie nach 5
Minuten) vermessen und befragt (NRS 0–10), 30 Minuten an einem Bein (Seite
randomisiert) mit langem Stiefel (Lymphamat Gradient 300, Bösl), an einer Seite
mit kurzem Stiefel (Venenwalker Basic) behandelt und danach erneut vermessen und
befragt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 41 Probanden aufgenommen, davon 4 Männer, 37 Frauen,
mittleres Alter 47,1 Jahre BMI 30,12 kg/m2 (± 5,42), 21 Beine „Links
lang“, 20 Beine „Rechts lang“, die meisten Teilnehmer hatten ein Lipödem
(26/41). Am Unterschenkel zeigten sich signifikante Verbesserungen der
Umfangmaße und Volumina unabhängig von der Wahl des Stiefels, zwischen beiden
Geräten waren die Unterschiede nicht signifikant. Die Wadenvolumina nahmen im
Stehen zu und wurden durch die Entstauung verringert. Wir fanden eine
signifikante Verringerung der Beschwerden im Stehen um 1,31 Punkte bei
schenkellangem Stiefel und um 1,27 Punkte bei wadenlangem Stiefel durch die
Entstauung (p < 0,001) ohne Differenz zwischen beiden Systemen. Es zeigte
sich eine Tendenz, dass die Auffüllung des Wadenvolumens und das Verstärken der
Beschwerden im Stehen nach der Entstauung langsamer geschieht.
Diskussion Üblicherweise liegen die meisten Beschwerden bei Ödemen (und
auch die Komplikationen) in den Waden vor. Der wadenlange Entstauungsstiefel ist
dem schenkellangen Stiefel bei der Volumen- und Beschwerdeverringerung nicht
unterlegen. Möglicherweise sind bei vielen Indikationen wadenlange
Entstauungsstiefel ausreichend.
Varikosis – Diagnostik und konservative
Therapie
Authors: Flessenkämper Ingo , Wienert Volker 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie große Bedeutung degenerativer Erkrankungen des epifaszialen Venensystems
liegt in der Beeinträchtigung des Alltagslebens so vieler Menschen, dass man sie
berechtigt als Volkskrankheit bezeichnen darf. In diesem Artikel sollen zunächst
der Standard in der Diagnostik und die konservative Therapie klinischpraktisch
beschrieben werden, während sich ein 2. Teil dann den invasiven Therapiemethoden
widmen wird.
Electronic Effects on Chiral NHC–Transition-Metal Catalysis
Authors: Yong Xuefeng , Thurston Ryan , Ho Chun-Yu 
Published: April 2019

Though the properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are generally dominated by the very strong σ donating character, electronic activation has emerged as an effective method to cooperate with typical carbon-framework steric optimization for highly enantioselective chiral NHC–transition-metal catalysis in recent years. NHC electronic changes associated with structural variations are now better understood by quantitative analysis using various methods. Here we highlighted and correlated some interesting chiral induction improvement methods, which were brought by electronic and steric cooperation on chiral NHC–transition-metal catalysis.1	Introduction2	Hemilabile Sidechains on NHC Ligands3	Electronic and Bond Angle Changes Brought by NHC Core Size Variations4	Electronic Activators on the NHC Core5	Conjugated Systems and Fused Ring Structures6	Remote Electronic Activators on the N-Aryl Ring7	Summary and Outlook
Electronic Health Record Documentation Patterns of Recorded Primary Care Visits Focused on Complex Communication: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Prater Laura , Sanchez Anthony , Modan Gabriella , Burgess Jennifer , Frier Kim , Richards Nathan , Bose-Brill Seuli 
Published: April 2019

Background In a time-constrained clinical environment, physicians cannot feasibly document all aspects of an office visit in the electronic health record (EHR). This is especially true for patients with multiple chronic conditions requiring complex clinical reasoning. It is unclear how physicians prioritize the documentation of health information in the EHR.
Objective The goal of this study is to examine documentation tradeoffs made by physicians when caring for complex patients by comparing the content of office visit conversations with resulting EHR documentation.
Methods We used grounded theory method of qualitative analysis to assess emergent themes in the transcripts of 10 office visits, and then compared the themes to documentation in the EHR. Differences between discussion and subsequent documentation of social and emotional health topics and each of the other key categories were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results The categories that emerged included “chronic conditions,” “acute/new problems,” “disease prevention,” and “social and emotional health.” We found that when social and emotional topics were discussed in the office visit, it was documented in the medical record only 30.6% of the time. Chronic conditions, acute/new problems, and disease prevention were documented in the EHR between 87.5 and 91.7% of the time after discussion. The differences between discussion and documentation of social and emotional topics were significantly greater than the differences for chronic conditions, acute/new problems, and disease prevention (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion Social and emotional factors, while extremely relevant to health management, are less likely than medical concerns to be documented after discussion in an office visit. This lack of documentation may hinder interdisciplinary communication between teams informing individualized therapeutic decisions during acute care handoffs, such as outpatient to inpatient care.
Early Adopters of Patient-Generated Health Data Upload in an Electronic Patient Portal
Authors: Ancker Jessica , Mauer Elizabeth , Kalish Robin , Vest Joshua , Gossey J. 
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective Patient-generated health data (PGHD) may help providers monitor patient status between clinical visits. Our objective was to describe our medical center's early experience with an electronic flowsheet allowing patients to upload self-monitored blood glucose to their provider's electronic health record (EHR).
Methods An academic multispecialty practice enabled the portal-linked PGHD tool in 2012. We conducted a retrospective observational study of adult ambulatory patients using this tool between 2012 and 2016, comparing clinical and demographic characteristics of data uploaders with those of a group of patients with diabetes diagnoses and patient portal accounts seen by the same health care providers.
Results Over four years, 16 providers chose to use the tool, and 53 adult patients used it to upload three or more blood glucose values within any 9-month period. Of these patients, 23 were pregnant women and 30 were nonpregnant adults with diabetes. Uploaders had more encounters and portal log-ins than comparison patients but did not differ in socioeconomic status. Among the chronic disease patients, uploaders' mean hemoglobin A1c and body mass index (BMI) both dropped significantly in the months after upload.
Conclusion Despite the potential value of PGHD in health care, the rate of adoption of a tool allowing patients to upload PGHD to their provider's EHR has been slow. Among chronic disease patients, PGHD upload was associated with improvements in blood glucose control and BMI, but it is possible that the changes were because of increased motivation or intensive changes in medical management.
Parental divorce is not uniformly disruptive to children’s educational attainment
Authors: Brand Jennie E. , Moore Ravaris , Song Xi , Xie Yu 
Published: April 2019

Significance
While parental divorce is generally associated with unfavorable outcomes for children, it does not follow that every divorce is equally bad for the children it affected. We find that parental divorce lowers the educational attainment of children who have a low likelihood of their parents’ divorcing. For these children, divorce is an unexpected shock to an otherwise-privileged childhood. However, we find no impact of parents’ divorcing on the education of children who have a high likelihood of a divorce occurring. Disadvantaged children of high-risk marriages may anticipate or otherwise accommodate to the dissolution of their parents’ marriage. Social discourse and policy aimed at promoting marital stability among disadvantaged families, for whom unfortunate events are common, are misguided.
Prediction of positron emitter distributions for range monitoring in carbon ion therapy: an analytical approach
Authors: Hofmann T , Fochi A , Parodi K , Pinto M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Range verification is one of the most relevant tasks in ion beam therapy. In the case of carbon ion therapy, positron emission tomography (PET) is the most widely used method for this purpose, which images the

-activation following nuclear interactions of the ions with the tissue nuclei. Since the positron emitter activity profile is not directly proportional to the dose distribution, until today only its comparison to a prediction of the PET profile allows for treatment verification. Usually, this prediction is obtained from time-consuming Monte Carlo simulations of high computational effort, which impacts the clinical workflow. To solve this issue in proton therapy, a convolution approach was suggested to predict positron emitter activity profiles from depth dose distributions analytically. In this work, we introduce an approach to predict positron emitter distributions from depth dose profiles in carbon ion therapy. While the distal fall-off position of the positron emitter profile is predicted from a convolution approach similar to the one suggested for protons, additional analytical functions are introduced to describe the characteristics of the positron emitter distribution in tissue. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated with monoenergetic depth dose profiles and spread out Bragg peaks in homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms. In all cases, the positron emitter profile is predicted with high precision and the distal fall-off position is reproduced with millimeter accuracy.
Optimizing wetland restoration to improve water quality at a regional scale
Authors: Singh Nitin K , Gourevitch Jesse D , Wemple Beverley C , Watson Keri B , Rizzo Donna M , Polasky Stephen , Ricketts Taylor H 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Excessive phosphorus (P) export to aquatic ecosystems can lead to impaired water quality. There is a growing interest among watershed managers in using restored wetlands to retain P from agricultural landscapes and improve water quality. We develop a novel framework for prioritizing wetland restoration at a regional scale. The framework uses an ecosystem service model and an optimization algorithm that maximizes P reduction for given levels of restoration cost. Applying our framework in the Lake Champlain Basin, we find that wetland restoration can reduce P export by 2.6% for a budget of $50 M and 5.1% for a budget of $200 M. Sensitivity analysis shows that using finer spatial resolution data for P sources results in twice the P reduction benefits at a similar cost by capturing hot-spots on the landscape. We identify 890 wetlands that occur in more than 75% of all optimal scenarios and represent priorities for restoration. Most of these wetlands are smaller than 7 ha with contributing area less than 100 ha and are located within 200 m of streams. Our approach provides a simple yet robust tool for targeting restoration efforts at regional scales and is readily adaptable to other restoration strategies.
Associating geometry to the Lie superalgebra 𝔰𝔩(1|1) and to the color Lie algebra 𝔰𝔩^{𝔠}₂(\Bbbk)
Authors: Sierra Susan , Špenko Špela , Vancliff Michaela , Veerapen Padmini , Wiesner Emilie 
Published: April 2019

In the 1990s, in work of Le Bruyn and Smith and in work of Le Bruyn and Van den Bergh, it was proved that point modules and line modules over the homogenization of the universal enveloping algebra of a finite-dimensional Lie algebra describe useful data associated to the Lie algebra. In particular, in the case of the Lie algebra

s
l

2

(

C

)

\mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C})

, there is a correspondence between Verma modules and certain line modules that associates a pair

(

h

,

ϕ
)

(\mathfrak {h},\,\phi )

, where

h

\mathfrak {h}

is a

2
2

-dimensional Lie subalgebra of

s
l

2

(

C

)

\mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C})

and

ϕ
∈

h

∗

\phi \in \mathfrak {h}^*

satisfies

ϕ
(
[

h

,

h

]
)
=
0

\phi ([\mathfrak {h}, \, \mathfrak {h}]) = 0

, to a particular type of line module. In this article, we prove analogous results for the Lie superalgebra

s
l

(
1

|

1
)

\mathfrak {sl}(1|1)

and for a color Lie algebra associated to the Lie algebra

s
l

2

\mathfrak {sl}_2

.
Hindman-like theorems with uncountably many colours and finite monochromatic sets
Authors: Fernández-Bretón David , Lee Sung 
Published: April 2019

A particular case of the Hindman–Galvin–Glazer theorem states that, for every partition of an infinite abelian group

G
G

into two cells, there will be an infinite

X
⊆
G

X\subseteq G

such that the set of its finite sums

{

x
1

+
⋯
+

x
n

∣
n
∈

N

∧

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

∈
X
are distinct
}

\{x_1+\cdots +x_n \mid n\in \mathbb N\wedge x_1,\ldots ,x_n\in X\text { are distinct}\}

is monochromatic. It is known that the same statement is false, in a very strong sense, if one attempts to obtain an uncountable (rather than just infinite)

X
X

. On the other hand, a recent result of Komjáth states that, for partitions into uncountably many cells, it is possible to obtain monochromatic sets of the form

F
S

(
X
)

\mathrm {FS}(X)

, for

X
X

of some prescribed finite size, when working with sufficiently large Boolean groups. In this paper, we provide a generalization of Komjáth’s result, and we show that, in a sense, this generalization is the strongest possible.
Resistant syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secondary to atonic bladder in an older woman
Authors: Hogan Patrick C P , McGauran Jane , O’Brien Helen , Rolston Amy , O’Neill Desmond 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is the most common cause of hyponatraemia. There are many causes of SIADH, but investigation tends to focus around the most common causes—particularly diseases of the brain and lung, malignancy and medication-induced SIADH [Ellison and Berl (2007, The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis. N Engl J Med., 356, 2064–72]. We describe a case of SIADH secondary to atonic bladder in an 83-year old woman, which was discovered on MRI of the abdomen, performed for further characterisation of a known pancreatic lesion. Insertion of a urinary catheter alleviated retention and resulted in prompt resolution of hyponatraemia. This is an under-recognised cause of this common condition, with important implications for investigation and management.
Graph-based data integration from bioactive peptide databases of pharmaceutical interest: toward an organized collection enabling visual network analysis
Authors: Aguilera-Mendoza Longendri , Marrero-Ponce Yovani , Beltran Jesus A , Tellez Ibarra Roberto , Guillen-Ramirez Hugo A , Brizuela Carlos A 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Bioactive peptides have gained great attention in the academy and pharmaceutical industry since they play an important role in human health. However, the increasing number of bioactive peptide databases is causing the problem of data redundancy and duplicated efforts. Even worse is the fact that the available data is non-standardized and often dirty with data entry errors. Therefore, there is a need for a unified view that enables a more comprehensive analysis of the information on this topic residing at different sites.

Results
After collecting web pages from a large variety of bioactive peptide databases, we organized the web content into an integrated graph database (starPepDB) that holds a total of 71 310 nodes and 348 505 relationships. In this graph structure, there are 45 120 nodes representing peptides, and the rest of the nodes are connected to peptides for describing metadata. Additionally, to facilitate a better understanding of the integrated data, a software tool (starPep toolbox) has been developed for supporting visual network analysis in a user-friendly way; providing several functionalities such as peptide retrieval and filtering, network construction and visualization, interactive exploration and exporting data options.

Availability and implementation
Both starPepDB and starPep toolbox are freely available at http://mobiosd-hub.com/starpep/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A new statistic for efficient detection of repetitive sequences
Authors: Chen Sijie , Chen Yixin , Sun Fengzhu , Waterman Michael S , Zhang Xuegong 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Detecting sequences containing repetitive regions is a basic bioinformatics task with many applications. Several methods have been developed for various types of repeat detection tasks. An efficient generic method for detecting most types of repetitive sequences is still desirable. Inspired by the excellent properties and successful applications of the D2 family of statistics in comparative analyses of genomic sequences, we developed a new statistic D2R that can efficiently discriminate sequences with or without repetitive regions.

Results
Using the statistic, we developed an algorithm of linear time and space complexity for detecting most types of repetitive sequences in multiple scenarios, including finding candidate clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats regions from bacterial genomic or metagenomics sequences. Simulation and real data experiments show that the method works well on both assembled sequences and unassembled short reads.

Availability and implementation
The codes are available at https://github.com/XuegongLab/D2R_codes under GPL 3.0 license.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Automatic curation of large comparative animal MicroRNA datasets
Authors: Yazbeck Ali M , Stadler Peter F , Tout Kifah , Fallmann Jörg 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Motivation
MicroRNAs form an important class of RNA regulators that has been studied extensively. The miRBase and Rfam database provide rich, frequently updated information on both pre-miRNAs and their mature forms. These data sources, however, rely on individual data submission and thus are neither complete nor consistent in their coverage across different miRNA families. Quantitative studies of miRNA evolution therefore are difficult or impossible on this basis.

Results
We present here a workflow and a corresponding implementation, MIRfix, that automatically curates miRNA datasets by improving alignments of their precursors, the consistency of the annotation of mature miR and miR* sequence, and the phylogenetic coverage. MIRfix produces alignments that are comparable across families and sets the stage for improved homology search as well as quantitative analyses.

Availability and implementation
MIRfix can be downloaded from https://github.com/Bierinformatik/MIRfix.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.