bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The national question, identity and the crisis in South Sudan
Authors: Mangani Dylan Yanano , Molapo Richard Rachidi 
Published: May 2018

The crisis in South Sudan that broke out on the 15th of December 2013 has been the gravest political debacle in the five years of the countryâ€™s independence. This crisis typifies the general political and social patterns of post-independence politics of nation-states that are borne out of armed struggles in Africa. Not only does the crisis expose a reluctance by the nationalist leaders to continue with nation-building initiatives, the situation suggests the struggle for political control at the echelons of power within the Sudanese Peoples Liberation Movement.Â This struggle has been marred by the manufacturing of political identity and political demonization that seem to illuminate the current political landscape in South Sudan. Be that as it may, the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) hurriedly intervened to find a lasting solution however supportive of the government of President Salva Kirr and this has suggested interest based motives on the part of the regional body and has since exacerbated an already fragile situation. As such, this article uses the Fanonian discourse of post-independence politics in Africa to expose the fact that the SPLM has degenerated into lethargy and this is at the heart of the crisis.
Soccer Injury Movement Screen (SIMS) Composite Score Is Not Associated With Injury Among Semiprofessional Soccer Players
Authors: McCunn Robert , aus der Fünten Karen , Whalan Matthew , Sampson John A. , Meyer Tim 
Published: May 2018

Background The association between movement quality and injury is equivocal. No soccer-specific movement assessment has been prospectively investigated in relation to injury risk. Objectives To investigate the association between a soccer-specific movement-quality assessment and injury risk among semiprofessional soccer players. Methods In this prospective cohort study, semiprofessional soccer players (n = 306) from 12 clubs completed the Soccer Injury Movement Screen (SIMS) during the preseason period. Individual training/match exposure and noncontact time-loss injuries were recorded prospectively for the entirety of the 2016 season. Relative risks were calculated, and presented with 90% confidence intervals, for the SIMS composite and individual subtest scores from generalized linear models with Poisson distribution offset for exposure. Results When considering noncontact time-loss lower extremity injuries (primary level of analysis), there was a most likely trivial association with the SIMS composite score. Similarly, the SIMS composite score demonstrated most likely to likely trivial associations with all injury categories included in the secondary level of analysis (noncontact time-loss hip/groin, thigh, knee, and ankle injuries). When considering hamstring strains and ankle sprains specifically (tertiary level of analysis), the SIMS composite score demonstrated very likely trivial associations. A total of 262 noncontact time-loss injuries were recorded. The overall (training and match exposure combined) incidence of noncontact time-loss injury was 12/1000 hours. Conclusion The SIMS composite score demonstrated no association with any of the investigated categories of soccer-related injury. The SIMS composite score should not be used to group players into high- or low-risk groups. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):630–636. Epub 8 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8037
The Utilization of Formal Physical Therapy After Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Solberg Muriel J. , Higgins Laurence D. 
Published: May 2018

Background It is widely believed that structured rehabilitation programs by professional therapists help guide patients through the various recovery periods after shoulder arthroplasty, speeding up their recovery and improving their final functional gains. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies providing information about the current state of physical rehabilitation use after shoulder arthroplasty. Objectives To describe the variation in physical rehabilitation utilization after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and to identify differences in utilization based on type of insurance (private versus public), sex, age, and region of the country. Methods This epidemiological retrospective database study utilized a commercially available database, PearlDiver, with longitudinal patient tracking linking all patients' Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision codes to their specific records to analyze patterns of physical rehabilitation usage after TSA and RSA in the United States. Two main patient populations were analyzed within the PearlDiver database, the Humana private insurance population and the Medicare insurance population. The period analyzed was 2010 to 2015. Results There was significantly higher utilization of physical rehabilitation in the Humana population when compared to the Medicare population (P<.001, Cramer's V = 0.270). In the Humana population, 36% of patients had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits in the 6 months following their operation, while in the Medicare population, 56% of patients had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits in the same period. Those with TSA had a higher utilization rate than those with RSA in the Humana (P<.001, V = 0.104; TSA, 31% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits; RSA, 40% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits within 6 months) and Medicare populations (P<.001, V = 0.135; TSA, 51% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits; RSA, 61% had 5 or fewer physical rehabilitation visits within 6 months). Conclusion Postoperative utilization of physical rehabilitation after anatomic TSA and RSA is markedly higher in privately insured patients than in patients with Medicare, regardless of age, sex, diagnosis, or region of country. These findings have important implications, from the individual patient's experience and outcomes to system-wide resource utilization. Level of Evidence Economic and decision analyses, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(11):856–863. Epub 8 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8176
Aplicação Da Ferramenta GUT Na Cadeia Produtiva Da Ovinocultura De Corte Da RIDE-DF / GUT Tool Application In The Productive Chain Of Sheep Meat Industry OF RIDE-DF
Authors: Guimarães Evandro Tsufa Lepletier 
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma ferramenta de priorização de objetivos para sanar os principais problemas da ovinocultura de corte na Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento Econômico do Distrito Federal (RIDE-DF)1. A partir da análise das fortalezas, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças identificadas anteriormente em matriz SWOT, o quadrante “Vulnerabilidade”, formado pelas variáveis “Fraquezas” e “Ameaças” foi aplicado à Matriz GUT para sinalização de gravidades, urgências e tendências na cadeia em questão. O resultado revelou que a falta de confiança e comprometimento com a atividade mostram que o setor precisa perseguir uma ação coletiva muito mais eficiente da que existe atualmente, ao mesmo tempo em que deve manter a assistência técnica garantida pelo Governo.

ABSTRACT
The objective of this article is to present the prioritization of objectives to solve the problems of sheep raising for meat in the RIDE-DF, by means of the SWOT analysis applied by RIBEIRO in 2006. The quadrant “Vulnerability”, consisting of the variables “Weaknesses” and “Threats” was utilized and the GUT Matrix was applied thereon, in 2013. The result revealed that the lack of confidence in and commitment to the business demonstrates that the sector needs to pursue a much more efficient collective action relationship than that which exists today, and, concomitantly, technical assistance must be guaranteed by the Government.
Development of Medical Education in Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Pradhan Binita , Acharya Jenash , Ranjit Eurek , Bista Meera , Dixit Sanjaya Mani , Dixit Hemang 
Published: May 2018

Background: When the Nepal Medical Council Act was enacted in 1964 it was accepted that it would be responsible for the regulation of Medical Education in Nepal. Subsequently followed the establishments of medical colleges of which Kathmandu Medical College is one.Present Status: Kathmandu Medical College started the MBBS program back in 1997 and has since then developed over the years. The development of medical education at Kathmandu Medical College ensued subsequently with the formation of Medical Education Unit Teacher Training Cell on June 2001. First batch of teacher’s training was held on February 2003 and since then the Medical Education Department has remained active. It was in the year 2014 that Medical Education Department was strengthened further and different committees and sub-committees were formed to develop the standard of medical education to new heights.Conclusion: The medical education has developed over the years as has been recorded in this paper. There are shortcomings to be corrected. For medical education to develop further, specific steps need to be carried out in future years to meet the challenges of international accreditation.
ESTABLISH THE PERCEPTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS THROUGH CYBER EXTENSION AS THE MEDIA INFORMATION
Authors: Fangohoi Latarus , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sukesi Keppi , Cahyono Edi Dwi 
Published: May 2018

The cyber extension has a significant media in developing an extension program of agricultural information. The government has built the cyber extension supported by the development of ICT and its utilization in the dissemination of agricultural information. It is expected to provide positive benefits in the improvement of competence of the extension workers. The purpose of this research is to analyse the characteristics and perception of the extensions workers in the utilization of cyber extension to support their work. This research is correlational descriptive analysis by using survey method. The study was conducted in South Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. The sample in the research was all extension workers as many as 22 people. The result shows that the characteristics of the extensions workers as follow: the media used is a smartphone (100%), the working period is 5-10 years (77%) and the education level is high school (SMK/SPMA, 73%). Meanwhile, the perception of the extension workers on the cyber media is high. It reaches 95%. They provide the positive perception on cyber extension concerning variables of benefit, complexity, and convenience.Keywords: smart phone, training, farmer, rural, ManokwariJEL Classification: D80, Q16
INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE LOCAL WISDOM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rejekiningrum Popi , Kartiwa Budi 
Published: May 2018

During 1980-1997, the management of water resources was done with a supply-driven approach. This approach results in the expensive maintenance of water resources and the disregarded resources utilization of environmental sustainability. Since 1998, The Government of Indonesia began to reform institutional irrigation with the financing supported by the World Bank. However, the institutional reforms of the irrigation have not yet reflected the exact changes as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process of strengthening the institutional management of irrigation based on the local wisdom through the inventory of history series of irrigation management policy and empowerment of capacity building and institutional program of irrigation management. This paper presents an effort to develop the institutional irrigation management by exploring the local wisdom in the community. It can be used as a guide for future sustainable management of irrigation. Keywords: agriculture, Subak, Ulu-ulu, water resources, farmers’ unionJEL Classification: B30, Q15, Q25
The Effect of Iron Content on Microstructure and Porosity of Secondary AlSi7Mg0.3 Cast Alloy
Authors: Závodská Denisa , Tillová Eva , Švecová Ivana , Chalupová Mária , Kuchariková Lenka , Belan Juraj 
Published: May 2018

In the present study, microstructure and porosity of AlSi7Mg0.3 cast alloy including various amounts (0.123; 0.454 and 0.655 wt. %) of iron were investigated. The alloys were produced as secondary (scrap-based - recycled). Iron leads to the formation of complex intermetallic phases during solidification, and how these phases can adversely affect mechanical properties, especially ductility, and also lead to the formation of excessive shrinkage porosity defects in castings. In order to determine the effect of iron addition to AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy, optical and SEM microscopy with EDX were used for microstructural examinations. Image analysis was conducted in order to determine effect of the Fe content on phases and porosity. It was found that increasing Fe content from 0.123 to 0.655 wt. % has no effect on SDAS but the morphology of Al-Si eutectic became finer. From EDX examinations, different Fe-based intermetallic phases (β-Al5FeSi and α-Al15(FeMg)3Si2) were observed. It was also observed that as Fe content increased, α-Al15(FeMg)3Si2 phases was transformed into Al5FeSi and the size and the number of Al5FeSi phases increases. The image analysis results revealed that porosity values were by increasing Fe content increased too. We can to predict, that with the increasing amount of Fe decreasing the mechanical properties (first of all) ductility (through long β-Al5FeSi intermetallic and high porosity).
Estimation of Strength Properties from Microhardness Results in Dual Phase Steels with Different Martensite Volume Fraction
Authors: Béres Gábor , Weltsch Zoltán 
Published: May 2018

This study is about the effect of the martensite volume fraction and indentation load on microhardness profiles of dissimilar types Dual Phase steels and DC04 mild steel. Experimental investigations were performed by mickrovickers method with using of eight different indentation loads from 0.01 kp up to 1 kp. Besides, microscope and tensile tests were carried out to complete the estimation.The hardness profiles show similar characteristics in case of all examined steels independent from the microstructure. In the lowest load ranges at 0.01 and 0.025 kp (HV0.01 and HV0.025), there are no appropriate approximations with the martensite volume fraction, due to the high deviation of the hardness results which caused by the little indentation geometry. In higher ranges, above 0.05 kp (HV0.05), linear evaluations could be applicable. With the utilization of the fitted parameters, a definite relationship is reported in the hardness values and even in the strength and elongation properties with the martensite content. Based on these correlations such contexts are added which make contact between microhardness and strength values for the practice. The discrepancy between the measured and calculated results stay under 10 HV which is less than 5%.
Exploring the Connection between Parsec-scale Jet Activity and Broadband Outbursts in 3C 279
Authors: Rani B. , Jorstad S. G. , Marscher A. P. , Agudo I. , Sokolovsky K. V. , Larionov V. M. , Smith P. , Mosunova D. A. , Borman G. A. , Grishina T. S. , Kopatskaya E. N. , Mokrushina A. A. , Morozova D. A. , Savchenko S. S. , Troitskaya Yu. V. , Troitsky I. S. , Thum C. , Molina S. N. , Casadio C. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We use a combination of high-resolution very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) radio and multiwavelength flux density and polarization observations to constrain the physics of the dissipation mechanism powering the broadband flares in 3C 279 during an episode of extreme flaring activity in 2013–2014. Six bright flares superimposed on a long-term outburst are detected at γ-ray energies. Four of the flares have optical and radio counterparts. The two modes of flaring activity (faster flares sitting on top of a long-term outburst) present at radio, optical, and γ-ray frequencies are missing in X-rays. X-ray counterparts are only observed for two flares. The first three flares are accompanied by ejection of a new VLBI component (NC2), suggesting the 43 GHz VLBI core as the site of energy dissipation. Another new component, NC3, is ejected after the last three flares, which suggests that the emission is produced upstream from the core (closer to the black hole). The study therefore indicates multiple sites of energy dissipation in the source. An anticorrelation is detected between the optical percentage polarization (PP) and optical/γ-ray flux variations, while the PP has a positive correlation with optical/γ-ray spectral indices. Given that the mean polarization is inversely proportional to the number of cells in the emission region, the PP versus optical/γ-ray anticorrelation could be due to more active cells during the outburst than at other times. In addition to the turbulent component, our analysis suggests the presence of a combined turbulent and ordered magnetic field, with the ordered component transverse to the jet axis.
GW170817 and the Prospect of Forming Supramassive Remnants in Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Ma Peng-Xiong , Jiang Jin-Liang , Wang Hao , Jin Zhi-Ping , Fan Yi-Zhong , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The gravitational wave data of GW170817 favor the equation of state (EoS) models that predict compact neutron stars (NSs), consistent with the radius constraints from X-ray observations. Motivated by such remarkable progress, we examine the fate of the remnants formed in NS mergers and focus on the roles of the angular momentum and the mass distribution of the binary NSs. In the mass-shedding limit (for which the dimensionless angular momentum equals the Keplerian value, i.e., j = j
Kep), the adopted seven EoS models, except for H4 and ALF2, yield supramassive NSs in more than half of the mergers. However, for j ≲ 0.7 j
Kep, the presence or absence of a non-negligible fraction of supramassive NSs formed in the mergers depends sensitively on both the EoS and the mass distribution of the binary systems. The NS mergers with a total gravitational mass ≤ 2.6 M
⊙ are found to be able to shed valuable light on both the EoS model and the angular momentum of the remnants if supramassive NSs are still absent. We have also discussed the uncertainty on estimating the maximum gravitational mass of nonrotating NSs (M
max) due to the unknown j of the precollapse remnants. With the data of GW170817 and the assumption of the mass loss of 0.03 M
⊙, we have M
max < (2.19, 2.32) M
⊙ (90% confidence level) for j = (1.0, 0.8) j
Kep, respectively.
Exploring H2O Prominence in Reflection Spectra of Cool Giant Planets
Authors: MacDonald Ryan J. , Marley Mark S. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Lewis Nikole K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The H2O abundance of a planetary atmosphere is a powerful indicator of formation conditions. Inferring H2O in the solar system giant planets is challenging, due to condensation depleting the upper atmosphere of water vapor. Substantially warmer hot Jupiter exoplanets readily allow detections of H2O via transmission spectroscopy, but such signatures are often diminished by the presence of clouds composed of other species. In contrast, highly scattering water clouds can brighten planets in reflected light, enhancing molecular signatures. Here, we present an extensive parameter space survey of the prominence of H2O absorption features in reflection spectra of cool (T
eff < 400 K) giant exoplanetary atmospheres. The impact of effective temperature, gravity, metallicity, and sedimentation efficiency is explored. We find prominent H2O features around 0.94 μm, 0.83 μm, and across a wide spectral region from 0.4 to 0.73 μm. The 0.94 μm feature is only detectable where high-altitude water clouds brighten the planet: T
eff ∼ 150 K, g ≳ 20 ms−2, f
sed ≳ 3, m ≲ 10× solar. In contrast, planets with g ≲ 20 ms−2 and T
eff ≳ 180 K display substantially prominent H2O features embedded in the Rayleigh scattering slope from 0.4 to 0.73 μm over a wide parameter space. High f
sed enhances H2O features around 0.94 μm, and enables these features to be detected at lower temperatures. High m results in dampened H2O absorption features, due to water vapor condensing to form bright, optically thick clouds that dominate the continuum. We verify these trends via self-consistent modeling of the low-gravity exoplanet HD 192310c, revealing that its reflection spectrum is expected to be dominated by H2O absorption from 0.4 to 0.73 μm for m ≲ 10× solar. Our results demonstrate that H2O is manifestly detectable in reflected light spectra of cool giant planets only marginally warmer than Jupiter, providing an avenue to directly constrain the C/O and O/H ratios of a hitherto unexplored population of exoplanetary atmospheres.
A Turnover in the Radio Light Curve of GW170817
Authors: Dobie Dougal , Kaplan David L. , Murphy Tara , Lenc Emil , Mooley Kunal P. , Lynch Christene , Corsi Alessandra , Frail Dale , Kasliwal Mansi , Hallinan Gregg 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present 2–9 GHz radio observations of GW170817 covering the period 125–200 days post-merger, taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). Our observations demonstrate that the radio afterglow peaked at 149 ± 2 days post-merger and is now declining in flux density. We see no evidence for evolution in the radio-only spectral index, which remains consistent with optically thin synchrotron emission connecting the radio, optical, and X-ray regimes. The peak implies a total energy in the synchrotron-emitting component of a few × 1050 erg. The temporal decay rate is most consistent with mildly or non-relativistic material and we do not see evidence for a very energetic off-axis jet, but we cannot distinguish between a lower-energy jet and more isotropic emission.
Checklist of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) from managed emergent wetlands in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas
Authors: Stephenson Phillip , Griswold Terry , Arduser Michael , Dowling Ashley , Krementz David 
Published: May 2018

Here we present the results from a two-year bee survey conducted on 18 managed emergent wetlands in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas, USA. Sample methods included pan traps, sweep netting and blue-vane traps. We document 83 bee species and morphospecies in 5 families and 31 genera, of which 37 species represent first published state records for Arkansas. The majority of species were opportunistic wetland species; only a small number were wetland-dependent species or species largely restricted to alluvial plains.
We present new distributional records for bee species not previously recorded in managed emergent wetlands and report specimens of thirty-seven species for which no published Arkansas records exist, expanding the known ranges of Ceratina cockerelli, Diadasia enavata, Lasioglossum creberrimum, Svastra cressonii and Dieunomia triangulifera. We also distinguish opportunistic wetland bee species from wetland-dependent and alluvial plain-restricted species.