bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accounting for Albedo in Carbon Market Protocols
Authors: Riley Lynn , Cook-Patton Susan , Albert Loren , Still Christopher , Williams Christopher , Bukoski Jacob J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Although natural climate solutions (NCS) are increasingly deployed within carbon markets and beyond, their climate benefits may be over-estimated due to a lack of accounting for changes in albedo. Here we analyze 172 Afforestation, Reforestation, and Revegetation projects within the voluntary carbon market and find more than 10% occur in places where albedo entirely negates the climate mitigation benefit and a quarter occur in places where albedo halves the mitigation benefit. Yet, the majority of projects are concentrated where albedo changes are expected to be minimal, and 9% of projects occur where albedo would augment the mitigation benefit. New data make albedo accounting possible for the first time, and we outline an iterative approach for incorporating albedo considerations into carbon crediting protocols. Doing so will enable prioritization of projects with greater climate benefit and more accurately quantify credits that may be used to address unabated emissions.
The relationship between occupational future time perspective and thriving at work in nurses: A chain mediating role of job crafting and work engagement
Authors: Wang Xiao , Liu Yongmei , Chen Bifeng , Zhang Xiaoling , Chen Qiaogen , Li Yulan , Lin Xiaoha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Thriving at work positively impacts nurses’ work performance, and it reduces their burnout and turnover intention. However, the relationship between occupational future time perspective (OFTP) and thriving at work has not been examined among nurses. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between occupational future time perspective and thriving at work, and to examine the chain mediating role of job crafting and work engagement in this relationship.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involving 233 nurses was conducted via an online survey in a tertiary teaching hospital in China. Thriving at work, OFTP, job crafting, and work engagement were measured by the Thriving at Work Scale, the Occupational Future Time Perspective Scale, the Job Crafting Questionnaire, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9, respectively. The Process (version 3.5) plug-in of SPSS was used to analyze the mediation effects.
Results: The results showed that OFTP was positively associated with thriving at work (β=0.654, p<0.001) among nurses. Job crafting(effect value=0.258, Bootstrap 95% CI: 0.116, 0.427) and work engagement (effect value=0.117, Bootstrap 95% CI: 0.044, 0.208) medicated the relationship between OFTP and thriving at work, respectively. Job crafting and work engagement played a chain mediating role in the correlation between OFTP and thriving at work (effect value=0.180, Bootstrap 95% CI: 0.099, 0.275).
Conclusion: This study found that OFTP directly and indirectly affects thriving at work through job crafting and work engagement. Organizations should provide nurses with more opportunities for career development to develop their OFTP in order to motivate job crafting and work engagement, ultimately fostering thriving at work.
Identification of CENPW as a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Haibing , Xu Qili , Gao Yu , Wu Weikang , Wang Baojun , Li Haolin , Fei Mintian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Centromere protein W (CENP-W) is essential for chromosome segregation and mitotic assembly and has been recognized as a prognostic marker in several cancers. However, its significance in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains underexplored. To address this, we analyzed ccRCC transcriptomic data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to evaluate CENP-W expression and its associations with clinical outcomes, prognosis, and immune-related markers. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that elevated CENP-W levels are linked to poorer overall survival in ccRCC patients. Further meta- and multivariate analyses confirmed CENP-W as an independent negative prognostic factor. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed the involvement of CENP-W in immune-related pathways, notably PI3K-Akt and Wnt signaling. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between CENP-W expression and immune cell infiltration, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), CTLA4, and PDCD1. qRT-PCR assays confirmed elevated CENP-W levels in ccRCC samples. Additionally, GSEA and GO enrichment highlighted a relationship between CENP-W and lipid metabolism, where reduced CENP-W expression led to a significant decrease in lipid droplet accumulation. This study identifies CENP-W as a potential biomarker and prognostic indicator in ccRCC, offering insights into personalized therapeutic strategies integrating tumor immunity to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
Lived Experiences of Caregivers of Paediatric Patients Diagnosed with Cancer at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara district, Uganda: A qualitative study
Authors: Asiimwe Gloria Suubi , Isiko Isaac 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Psychosocial and economic hardships represent a constant challenge for those living with children diagnosed with cancer. Biomedical implications for paediatric patients and caregiving add to their distress. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of caregivers of paediatric patients diagnosed with cancer at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).
Methods
This was a qualitative study in which in-depth interviews with 10 purposively selected paediatric caregivers at the oncology unit of MRRH were conducted. The data were analysed via thematic content analysis.
Results
The majority of the caregivers enrolled in the study were mothers of pediatric patients, whereas a few were fathers and siblings (sisters). The lived experiences of the caregivers were grouped under different themes, each with subthemes. Psychological distress as a result of the cancer diagnosis and its treatment modalities, with subthemes of confusion, depression, social isolation and financial strain. Satisfaction with healthcare providers’ practices is a theme. Sociocultural beliefs with subthemes of misconceptions and myths. Coping strategies as a theme with the subthemes of sharing care, seeking divine intervention and making sacrifices.
Conclusions
This study highlights some of the psychosocial and financial needs of caregivers of paediatric patients with cancer at MRRH, highlighting the need for holistic care involving paediatric cancer patients and their caregivers.
Pulsed Electrosynthesis of Glycolic Acid through Polyethylene Terephthalate Upcycling over a Lamellar Mesoporous PdCu Catalyst
Authors: Liu Ben , Han Shu , Sun Lizhi , Fan Dongpin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Electrocatalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics offers a promising and sustainable route that not only addresses serious waste pollution but also produces high value-added chemicals. Despite some important achievements, their activity and selectivity have remarkably been slower than needed. In this work, pulsed electrocatalysis was employed to engineer chemisorption properties on a lamellar mesoporous PdCu (LM-PdCu) catalyst, which delivered superior activity and stability for selective electrosynthesis of high value-added glycolic acid (GA) from PET upcycling under ambient conditions. LM-PdCu was synthesized by in situ nucleation and attachment strategy along assembled lamellar templates, whose stacked morphology and lamellar mesoporous structure kinetically accelerated selective desorption of GA and exposed fresh active sites of metal catalysts for continuous electrocatalysis at pulsed mode. This strategy thus delivered impressive GA Faraday efficiency of > 92% in wide potential windows, high yield rate of reaching 0.475 mmol cm–2 h–1, and excellent cycling stability of exceeding 20 cycles for electrocatalytic PET upcycling, outperforming previously reported values. Moreover, pulsed electrocatalysis disclosed good electrocatalytic performance for scaled-up GA electrosynthesis from real bottle waste plastics. This work provides a sustainable and highly potential route for selective electrosynthesis of value-added chemicals from upcycling of various waste feedstocks.
Poly-ε-caprolactone/chitosan/Whitlockite Electrospun Bionic Membrane conjugated with an E7 peptide for bone regeneration
Authors: Chen Guangzi , Xu Tao , Gao Ran , Liu Wenbin , Li Weigang , Zeng Delu , Li Jian , Fang Xuan , Sheng Gaohong , Zhao Hongqi , Liu Chaoxu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Periosteum plays an important role in bone defect repair due to its rich vascular network and cells. However, natural periosteum is difficult to meet clinical requirements due to its low availability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a tissue engineering strategy of biomimetic periosteum for bone defect repair.
Methods: Poly-ε-caprolactone/chitosan/Whitlockite electrospun bionic membrane (PCL/CS/WH) was prepared using electrospinning technology, then it was conjugated with an E7 peptide as PCL/CS/WH/E7 bionic membrane. The physical properties of the membranes were evaluated by TEM and FTIR. In vitro, LIVE/DEAD staining and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used to assess the biocompatibility of bionic membranes. Matrigel was applied to evaluate the ability of the different composite nanofibers samples to promote angiogenesis. Mineralized nodule and collagen formation in the BMSCs was detected by alizarin red staining and sirius red staining respectively.
In vivo, the ability of PCL/CS/WH/E7 membrane to promote bone regeneration and angiogenesis was assessed by Micro-CT and associated staining.
Result: The addition of chitosan (CS) and E7 peptide (E7) enhanced the hydrophilicity and cytocompatibility of pure PCL membranes. Additionally, CS, E7 and Mg2+ released from Whitlockite (WH) had a synergistic effect to promote angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation. Three weeks after implantation, the membrane successfully bridged the bone defect and significantly promoted the formation of new bone and blood vessels.
Concultion: The PCL/CS/WH/E7 membrane to achieve efficient repair of bone tissue and enriches clinical solutions for the treatment of critical bone defects.
Nanophotonic waveguide chip-to-free-space beam scanning at 68M Spots/s·mm²
Authors: Wen Yanan , Saha Matt , Greenspon Andrew , Zimmermann Matthew , Palm Kevin , Witte Alex , Goh Yin Min , Li Chao , Dong Mark , Leenheer Andrew , Clark Genevieve , Gilbert Gerald , Eichenfield Matt , Englund Dirk 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A seamless chip-to-world photonic interface enables wide-ranging advancements in optical ranging, display, communication, computation, imaging, and light-matter interaction. An optimal solution allows for 2D scanning of a diffraction-limited beam from anywhere on a photonic chip over a large number of beam-spots in free-space. Currently, devices with direct PIC integration rely on tiled apertures with poor mode qualities, large footprints, and complex control systems. Micro-mechanical beam scanners have good beam quality but lack direct PIC integration and are inertially-limited due to the use of bulk optical components or structures in which the optical aperture and actuator sizes are inextricably linked, resulting in trade-offs among resolution, speed, and footprint. Here, we overcome these limitations with the photonic "ski-jump": a nanoscale optical waveguide monolithically integrated atop a piezoelectrically actuated cantilever which passively curls ~90° out-of-plane in a footprint of <0.1 mm2, emits sub-micron diffraction-limited optical modes, and exhibits kHz-rate mechanical resonances with quality factors exceeding 10,000. This enables two-dimensional beam-scanning with footprint-adjusted spot-rates of 68.6 mega-spots/s-mm2 at CMOS-level voltages, which is equivalent to a 1 megapixel display at 100 Hz from a 1.5 mm2 footprint, and exceeds the performance of state-of-the-art MEMS mirrors by >50⨉. Using this device, we demonstrate image projection, video projection, and the initialization and readout of single photons from silicon vacancy centers in diamond waveguides. Based on current performance, we identify pathways for achieving >1 giga-spots at kHz-rates in a ~1 cm2 area to provide a seamless, scalable optical pipeline between integrated photonic processors and the free-space world.
Comparison of conventional therapy and mulligan mobilization with movement technique in the treatment of shoulder problems: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: ÜNLÜER Nezehat Özgül , ALDEGES Wala’a , SARI Yasemin ATEŞ 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Mulligan mobilization with movement (MWM) and Conservative treatment (CT) in improving pain, AROM, and functional activities on shoulder pathology.
Methods: A prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted between June and October 2022. Forty one participants were randomly assigned to the CT + MWM (n=19) or CT-only group (n=22). Conventional therapy was applied to the CT group but The MWM technique was performed with 3 sets of 10 repetitions MWM group. All training sessions was applied five a week for 6 weeks in both groups (in total 30 sessions) by the same physiotherapist. The pain was evaluated with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, AROM with the Universal goniometer, and functionality with the Patient Specific Functional Scale.
Results: In both groups, shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER), and AROM angles increased (p<0.05), shoulder pain decreased (p<0.05), and functionality increased (p<0.05). Although there is no statistically significant difference between the groups, the MWM technique applied in addition to CT is more effective in symptoms such as limitation of AROM, pain, and functionality.
Conclusion: MWM may be an effective manual therapy method on reducing of pain, increasing AROM, and improving functional status in patients with shoulder problems. Additionally, MWM technique applied in addition to CT may increase the success of the treatment.
Finite Element Simulation Analysis of Axial Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Cutting of Titanium Alloy TC4
Authors: Shi Lichen , Wang Along , Yang Chao , Dou Weitao , Du Linshen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In ABAQUS simulations, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are set to vary with temperature by assigning fixed values. This approach can impact the reliability and accuracy of the simulation results. In this paper, the temperature-dependent functions of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are incorporated into ABAQUS using its secondary development capabilities. And simulate the ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting (UVAC) process of titanium alloy TC4. Based on the analysis of the simulation results, the fitting function operates within the temperature range of the cutting simulation, which is of guiding significance for further development. It is discovered that as the amplitude increases, the chips gradually transition from C-shaped to irregular blocky ones, the cutting force gradually decreases, while the influence depth of the residual compressive stress first reduces and then increases, and when the amplitude is 16 microns, the influence depth of the residual compressive stress is the minimum, being 0.05 mm. In comparison to amplitude, the frequency has a relatively small impact on the chip shape and cutting force. As the frequency rises, the influence depth of the residual compressive stress shows a downward trend. With the increase of the feed rate, the chip width and crimp radius of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting become wider, while the cutting force and residual stress gradually increase.
In vivo Protective Efficacy of Emodin in Swiss Albino Mice Induced with Dalton Ascitic Lymphoma
Authors: Suluvoy Jagadish , Kolla Harish Babu , Joel Jesse , Balasubramanian Aavany 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Lymphoma is a tumor that affects lymphoid tissues in the body. Treating lymphoma has become challenging because of the complexity of disease pathology, drug resistance mechanisms and side effects of existing chemo and radiation therapies. Treating cancers/tumors with plant based natural compounds is gaining interest recently because of their less toxicity profiles and efficiency in controlling the disease severity. Emodin is one such compound with such anti-cancer/tumor properties. It has immunosuppressive and anti-cancer properties through multiple ways. In this study, we have studied the therapeutic effect of emodin molecule in the DAL induced lymphoma, a well-established murine model to study and test the anti-lymphoma drugs. Our data has shown an outstanding therapeutic effect of emodin in controlling the lymphoma readouts in DAL induce Swiss Albino mice. These effects were studied in comparison with a standard drug molecule called methotrexate. Furthermore, the in-silico analysis has shown that emodin as a potential drug candidate for lymphoma based on the Lipinski’s rule of 5.
Co-designed model for training undergraduate students on caries lesions assessment: qualitatively integrating user challenges into the educational solution
Authors: Muro Mariana Paes , Yampa-Vargas Jhandira Daibelis , Pontes Laura Regina Antunes , Braga Mariana , group the IuSTC collaborative 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Undergraduate tutored active training in caries lesion assessment has shown promising results. However, despite users’ think-pair sharing (interactivity), a previously fixed educational script has been followed during such training. This paper describes the development and reports preliminary results of implementing a proposal including co-design educational modules for training undergraduate students in caries lesion assessment based on their difficulties.
Methods
The original educational proposal was the starting point (IuSTC-01). The co-designed modules were created based on challenges raised by the users using gamified tools in specific query tools. The subsequent sections incorporated the identified difficulties to address their needs effectively. Tutor’s training was provided to ensure they could individualize the standard educational activity for a particular group of students. The first implementation of such adaptations was proposed for students enrolled in 2024. Difficulties reported in query sessions were qualitatively analyzed using MAXQDA and Voyant software. The impact of the activity individualization was then graphically schematized and qualitatively compared to the initial one. Students’ feedback about their learning experience was reported using a 5-point Likert scale and qualitatively using a word to express such experience.
Results
67 students were enrolled in the implementation of the novel educational modules. 13 clinical cases were presented and discussed as the original educational activity. However, 5 query tools were created in the novel co-designed model to identify students’ perceptions and difficulties. Then, the sequence of cases was divided into three blocks, and the activity was co-designed based on the previous query. The queries received, on average, 48 students feedback on query tools (response rate: 72%). Students’ difficulties were initially similar and changed during the activity, being considered by tutors at the appropriate moment. Similar paths were designed in different groups, but small adaptations were possible for individualizing the educational activity for each group. Students generally rated the activity well (mean = 4.7) and qualified it mostly using positive words.
Conclusion
The co-designed gamified resource has been developed and may be a promising tool for improving undergraduate training in caries lesion assessment and individualizing it to groups of students according to their specific needs.
Trial Registration
IuSTC01 https//doi.org/10.2196/resprot.7414. Clinical trial number not applicable
Reducing Displacements in Thermoset 3D-Printed Formwork by Optimizing Ribs and Tie-rod Placement
Authors: Hussan Zuffain , Brander Marco , Seta Berin , Spangenberg Jon , Andersen Sebastian , Fischer Gregor 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

3D-printed formwork shows great potential for concrete casting, as it can be used for complex shapes while reducing costs, labor, waste, and material usage. However, a significant challenge arises when the formwork exhibits excessive displacement under load. In this study, an optimization framework specifically tailored for 3D-printed thermoset formwork is presented in order to address displacement issues. The Ground Structure Method is integrated to propose an optimized rib design and strategic tie-rod placement, significantly minimizing displacement while maintaining material efficiency. This approach significantly differs from conventional formwork reinforcement strategies, with a focus on thermoset materials for their high stiffness, thermal resistance, and superior performance under the hydrostatic pressures encountered during concrete casting. The optimized designs are developed through numerical modeling, and to validate their effectiveness, experimental techniques employing 3D Digital Image Correlation are utilized. Water pressure testing verifies the influence of hydrostatic pressure and thermal response on displacement, while example applications using Self-Compacting Concrete demonstrate the practical effectiveness of the optimized design. Results demonstrate the efficacy of the optimized design, particularly the combined use of ribs and tie-rods, in achieving a significant 81% reduction in maximum displacement with a minimal 10.7% increase in material compared to a non-ribbed plate. This research provides valuable insights for the construction industry, establishing a robust framework for optimizing 3D-printed formwork for superior performance and minimized displacements in formwork structures.
Understanding land use land cover change dynamics using machine learning algorithms in the Abelti watershed, Omo-Gibe Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Sulamo Mulatu Abayicho , Kassa Asfaw Kebede , Haile Gebremedhin Gebremeskel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Accurate and precise land cover information is essential to subsequent applications, though it is highly sought after. The purpose of this study is to select the better land use land cover (LULC) classifier and investigate change detection. Support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms were applied using Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to categorize LULC satellite data in the Abelti watershed. SVM and RF have overall classification accuracy of 87.46% and 91.19%, respectively and thus RF classifier was selected for LULC change detection analysis. Results show that agricultural land was grown by 8.53% between 1992 and 2002, 6.44% between 2002 and 2012, and 14.94% between 2012 and 2022. Between 1992 and 2002, the settlement area grew by 69.91%, between 2002 to 2012 by 72.17%, and between 2012 and 2022, it expanded by 21.44%. Shrub land was also decreased by 38.60% between 1992 and 2022. Additionally, there was a change in bare land between 1992 and 2012 which decreased by 31.97%, then increased by 74.05% between 2012 and 2022. Finally, Agriculture, waterbody, and settlement areas showed an increasing trend of 12.57, 0.27 and 8.91%, respectively, while forest, shrubland, and bareland showed a decreasing trend of 6.21, 10.97 and 3.23%, respectively during 1992–2022. Consequently, utilizing a RF algorithm is a crucial method for classifying multispectral satellite data and in detecting LULC changes. The study results provide useful information for policymakers and planners in the implementation of sustainable land resource planning and management in the context of environmental change.