bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misuse of Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) on Réunion Island
Authors: Torrents Romain , Ferré Jean Francois , Konareff Annie , Hemery Patrice , Sherwin Kenneth , Lassalle Christian , Simon Nicolas , Scerra Sami 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Trihexyphenidyl (THP) is an anticholinergic drug misused to procure hallucination, sedation, and anxiolysis. The aim of this cohort was to show and describe, within a public health risk management policy, the risks of a long-standing but relatively unknown addiction: THP addiction.

Methods
On Réunion island, a cohort with systematic data collection has been set up by addictologists working in the Centres for Addiction Prevention and Treatment, in the university hospital, and in general practices who have active lists of patients misusing THP. Data collection included socioeconomic data and clinical data concerning addiction.

Results
This cohort included 69 patients during November 2016. The average age of the patients was 36 years; 97% were men; 93% had living accommodation but only 32 % were employed. In this cohort drug administration was exclusively oral. The most common reasons for use were anxiolytic (46%), stimulation (26%), and sedation (10%), the main effects described were dyskinesia and behavioral disorders. Over half (61%) of the patients reported a coaddiction, mainly to benzodiazepines, cannabis, tobacco, alcohol, and buprenorphine.

Conclusions
This cohort describing the clinical characteristics of 69 patients is the largest cohort studied for THP addiction. Patients from the Centres for Addiction Prevention and Treatment were the youngest and most recently addicted, whereas general practice patients had been addicted for longer and were more socially integrated. This clinical description of THP addiction therefore enables us to identify the patients who are the most at risk, to set up an adapted care protocol.
The Influence of Pain-Related Expectations on Intensity Perception of Nonpainful Somatosensory Stimuli
Authors: Zaman Jonas , Wiech Katja , Claes Nathalie , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Van Diest Ilse , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
The extent to which pain-related expectations, known to affect pain perception, also affect perception of nonpainful sensations remains unclear, as well as the potential role of unpredictability in this context.

Methods
In a proprioceptive fear conditioning paradigm, various arm extension movements were associated with predictable and unpredictable electrocutaneous pain or its absence. During a subsequent test phase, nonpainful electrocutaneous stimuli with a high or low intensity were presented during movement execution. We used hierarchical drift diffusion modeling to examine the influence of expecting pain on the perceptual decision-making process underlying intensity perception of nonpainful sensations. In the first experiment (n = 36), the pain stimulus was never presented during the test phase after conditioning. In the second experiment (n = 39), partial reinforcement was adopted to prevent extinction of pain expectations.

Results
In both experiments, movements that were associated with (un)predictable pain led to higher pain expectancy, self-reported fear, unpleasantness, and arousal as compared with movements that were never paired with pain (effect sizes η2
p ranging from 0.119 to 0.557; all p values < .05). Only in the second experiment—when the threat of pain remained present—we found that the expectation of pain affected decision making. Compared with the no pain condition, an a priori decision-making bias toward the high-intensity decision threshold was found with the strongest bias during unpredictable pain (effect sizes η2
p ranging from 0.469 to 0.504; all p-values < .001).

Conclusions
Thus, the expectation of pain affects inferential processes not only for subsequent painful but also for nonpainful bodily stimuli, with unpredictability moderating these effects, and only when the threat of pain remains present due to partial reinforcement.
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging With Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping for Breast Cancer Detection as a Stand-Alone Parameter
Authors: Pinker Katja , Moy Linda , Sutton Elizabeth J. , Mann Ritse M. , Weber Michael , Thakur Sunitha B. , Jochelson Maxine S. , Bago-Horvath Zsuzsanna , Morris Elizabeth A. , Baltzer Pascal AT , Helbich Thomas H. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The aims of this study were to compare dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping as a stand-alone parameter without any other supportive sequence for breast cancer detection and to assess its combination as multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the breast.

Materials and Methods
In this institutional review board–approved single-center study, prospectively acquired data of 106 patients who underwent breast MRI from 12/2010 to 09/2014 for an imaging abnormality (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 0, 4/5) were retrospectively analyzed. Four readers independently assessed DWI and DCE as well as combined as mpMRI. Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categories, lesion size, and mean apparent diffusion coefficient values were recorded. Histopathology was used as the gold standard. Appropriate statistical tests were used to compare diagnostic values.

Results
There were 69 malignant and 41 benign tumors in 106 patients. Four patients presented with bilateral lesions. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was the most sensitive test for breast cancer detection, with an average sensitivity of 100%. Diffusion-weighted imaging alone was less sensitive (82%; P < 0.001) but more specific than DCE-MRI (86.8% vs 76.6%; P = 0.002). Diagnostic accuracy was 83.7% for DWI and 90.6% for DCE-MRI. Multiparametric MRI achieved a sensitivity of 96.8%, not statistically different from DCE-MRI (P = 0.12) and with a similar specificity as DWI (83.8%; P = 0.195), maximizing diagnostic accuracy to 91.9%. There was almost perfect interreader agreement for DWI (κ = 0.864) and DCE-MRI (κ = 0.875) for differentiation of benign and malignant lesions.

Conclusion
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI is most sensitive for breast cancer detection and thus still indispensable. Multiparametric MRI using DCE-MRI and DWI maintains a high sensitivity, increases specificity, and maximizes diagnostic accuracy, often preventing unnecessary breast biopsies. Diffusion-weighted imaging should not be used as a stand-alone parameter because it detects significantly fewer cancers in comparison with DCE-MRI and mpMRI.
Building Ultrasound Phantoms With Modified Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Pepley David Frederick , Sonntag Cheyenne Cassel , Prabhu Rohan Sunil , Yovanoff Mary Alice , Han David C. , Miller Scarlett Rae , Moore Jason Zachary 
Published: April 2018

Introduction
Training using ultrasound phantoms allows for safe introduction to clinical skills and is associated with improved in-hospital performance. Many materials have been used to simulate human tissue in phantoms including commercial manikins, agar, gelatin, and Ballistics Gel; however, phantom tissues could be improved to provide higher-fidelity ultrasound images or tactile sensation. This article describes a novel phantom tissue mixture of a modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymer, mineral oil, and chalk powder and evaluates needle cutting and ultrasonic properties of the modified PVC polymer mixture compared with a variety of phantom tissues.

Methods
The first experiment measured axial needle forces of a needle insertion into nine phantom materials, including three formulations of modified PVC. The second experiment used a pairwise comparison survey of ultrasound images to determine the perceived realism of phantom ultrasound images.

Results
It was found that the materials of Ballistics Gel and one of the PVC mixtures provide stiff force feedback similar to cadaver tissue. Other phantom materials including agar and gelatin provide very weak unrealistic force feedback. The survey results showed the PVC mixtures being viewed as the most realistic by the survey participants, whereas agar and Ballistics Gel were seen as the least realistic.

Conclusions
The realism in cutting force and ultrasound visualization was determined for a variety of phantom materials. Novel modified PVC polymer has great potential for use in ultrasound phantoms because of its realistic ultrasound imaging and modifiable stiffness. This customizability allows for easy creation of multilayer tissue phantoms.
Long-term Outcomes of ABO-incompatible Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Honda Masaki , Sugawara Yasuhiko , Kadohisa Masashi , Shimata Keita , Sakisaka Masataka , Yoshii Daiki , Uto Keiichi , Hayashida Shintaro , Ohya Yuki , Yamamoto Hidekazu , Yamamoto Hirotoshi , Inomata Yukihiro , Hibi Taizo 
Published: April 2018

Background
ABO-incompatible (ABOi) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been performed to compensate for donor shortage. To date, few studies have reported detailed B-cell desensitization protocols and long-term outcomes of ABOi pediatric LDLT.

Methods
Twenty-nine pediatric ABOi LDLT recipients were retrospectively analyzed. We compared the clinical outcomes between ABOi (n = 29) and non-ABOi (n = 131) pediatric LDLT recipients. Furthermore, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of our rituximab-based regimen for ABOi pediatric LDLT (2 ≤ age < 18; n = 10).

Results
There were no significant differences in the incidence of infection, vascular complications, biliary complications, and acute cellular rejection between ABOi and non-ABOi groups. The cumulative graft survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years for non-ABOi group were 92.1%, 87.0%, and 86.1%, and those for ABOi group were 82.8%, 82.8%, and 78.2%, respectively. Rituximab-based desensitization protocol could be performed safely, and reduced CD19+ lymphocyte counts effectively. Although rituximab-treated ABOi group showed comparable clinical outcomes and graft survival rate, 2 patients developed antibody-mediated rejection.

Conclusions
ABOi LDLT is a feasible option for pediatric end-stage liver disease patients. However, it should be noted that current desensitization protocol does not completely prevent the onset of antibody-mediated rejection in several cases.
WASABI: a dynamic iterative framework for gene regulatory network inference
Authors: Bonnaffoux Arnaud , Herbach Ulysse , Richard Angélique , Guillemin Anissa , Giraud Sandrine , Gros Pierre-Alexis , Gandrillon Olivier 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInference of gene regulatory networks from gene expression data has been a long-standing and notoriously difficult task in systems biology. Recently, single-cell transcriptomic data have been massively used for gene regulatory network inference, with both successes and limitations. In the present work we propose an iterative algorithm called WASABI, dedicated to inferring a causal dynamical network from time-stamped single-cell data, which tackles some of the limitations associated with current approaches. We first introduce the concept of waves, which posits that the information provided by an external stimulus will affect genes one-by-one through a cascade, like waves spreading through a network. This concept allows us to infer the network one gene at a time, after genes have been ordered regarding their time of regulation. We then demonstrate the ability of WASABI to correctly infer small networks, which have been simulatedin silicousing a mechanistic model consisting of coupled piecewise-deterministic Markov processes for the proper description of gene expression at the single-cell level. We finally apply WASABI onin vitrogenerated data on an avian model of erythroid differentiation. The structure of the resulting gene regulatory network sheds a fascinating new light on the molecular mechanisms controlling this process. In particular, we find no evidence for hub genes and a much more distributed network structure than expected. Interestingly, we find that a majority of genes are under the direct control of the differentiation-inducing stimulus. In conclusion, WASABI is a versatile algorithm which should help biologists to fully exploit the power of time-stamped single-cell data.
Universal kinetics for engagement of mechanosensing pathways in cell adhesion
Authors: Terentjev Eugene , Bell Samuel , Redmann Anna-Lena 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWhen plated onto substrates, cell morphology and even stem cell differentiation are influenced by the stiffness of their environment. Stiffer substrates give strongly spread (eventually polarized) cells with strong focal adhesions, and stress fibers; very soft substrates give a less developed cytoskeleton, and much lower cell spreading. The kinetics of this process of cell spreading is studied extensively, and important universal relationships are established on how the cell area grows with time. Here we study the population dynamics of spreading cells, investigating the characteristic processes involved in cell response to the substrate. We show that unlike the individual cell morphology, this population dynamics does not depend on the substrate stiffness. Instead, a strong activation temperature dependence is observed. Different cell lines on different substrates all have long-time statistics controlled by the thermal activation over a single energy barrier ∆G≈ 19 kcal/mol, while the early-time kinetics follows a power law ~t5. This implies that the rate of spreading depends on an internal process of adhesion-mechanosensing complex assembly and activation: the operational complex must have 5 component proteins, and the last process in the sequence (which we believe is the activation of focal adhesion kinase) is controlled by the binding energy ∆G.
Uniform distribution of 35S promoter-driven mDII auxin control sensor in leaf primordia
Authors: Guan Chunmei , Du Fei , Jiao Yuling 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe DII sensor has been an invaluable tool to map spatiotemporal auxin response and distribution in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The DII sensor and mDII control sensor are driven by the widely used constitutive 35S promoter. However, the reliability of DII sensor has recently been questioned (Bhatia and Heisler, 2018). Here we provide additional evidence to show that the mDII control sensor is indeed uniformly distributed in early leaf primordia, which echoes the original reports (Vernoux et al., 2011; Brunoud et al., 2012). We also use DII/mDII and the PRS5A promoter-driven R2D2 sensors to confirm asymmetric auxin signaling in early leaf primordia. On the other hand, we provide evidence that light penetration may lead to artifacts during whole-mount imaging.
Microbial diversity and metabolic potential in cyanotoxin producing cyanobacterial mats throughout a river network
Authors: Bouma-Gregson Keith , Olm Matthew R. , Probst Alexander J. , Anantharaman Karthik , Power Mary E. , Banfield Jillian F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMicrobial mats formed by Cyanobacteria of the genusPhormidiumproduce the neurotoxin anatoxin-a that has been linked to animal deaths. Blooms of planktonic Cyanobacteria have long been of concern in lakes, but recognition of potential harmful impacts of riverine benthic cyanobacterial mats is more recent. Consequently little is known about the diversity of the biosynthetic capacities of cyanobacterial species and associated microbes in mats throughout river networks. Here we performed metagenomic sequencing for 22Phormidium-dominated microbial mats collected across the Eel River network in Northern California to investigate cyanobacterial and co-occurring microbial assemblage diversity, probe their metabolic potential and evaluate their capacities for toxin production. We genomically defined four Cyanobacterial species clusters that occur throughout the river network, three of which have not been described previously. From the genomes of seven strains from one species group we describe the first anatoxin-a operon from the genusPhormidium. Community composition within the mat appears to be associated with the presence of Cyanobacteria capable of producing anatoxin-a. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and novel Verrucomicrobia dominated the microbial assemblages. Interestingly, some mats also contained organisms from candidate phyla such asCanditatusKapabacteria, as well as Absconditabacteria (SR1), Parcubacteria (OD1) and Peregrinibacteria (PER) within the Candidate Phyla Radiation. Oxygenic photosynthesis and carbon respiration were the most common metabolisms detected in mats but other metabolic capacities include aerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis, sulfur compound oxidation and breakdown of urea. The results reveal the diversity of metabolisms fueling the growth of mats, and a relationship between microbial assemblage composition and the distribution of anatoxin-a producing cyanobacteria within freshwaterPhormidiummats in river networks.
High-throughput mapping of long-range neuronal projection using in situ sequencing
Authors: Chen Xiaoyin , Sun Yu-Chi , Zhan Huiqing , Kebschull Justus M , Fischer Stephan , Matho Katherine , Josh Huang Z. , Gillis Jesse , Zador Anthony M 
Published: April 2018

SummaryUnderstanding neural circuits requires deciphering interactions among myriad cell types defined by spatial organization, connectivity, gene expression, and other properties. Resolving these cell types requires both single neuron resolution and high throughput, a challenging combination with conventional methods. Here we introduce BARseq, a multiplexed method based on RNA barcoding for mapping projections of thousands of spatially resolved neurons in a single brain, and relating those projections to other properties such as gene or Cre expression. Mapping the projections to 11 areas of 3579 neurons in mouse auditory cortex using BARseq confirmed the laminar organization of the three top classes (IT, PT-like and CT) of projection neurons. In depth analysis uncovered a novel projection type restricted almost exclusively to transcriptionally-defined subtypes of IT neurons. By bridging anatomical and transcriptomic approaches at cellular resolution with high throughput, BARseq can potentially uncover the organizing principles underlying the structure and formation of neural circuits.
Analysis of the Resuscitation-Availability of Viable-But-Nonculturable Cells ofVibrio parahaemolyticusupon Exposure to the Refrigerator Temperature
Authors: Yoon Jae-Hyun , Bae Young-Min , Rye Buom-Young , Choi Chang-Sun , Moon Sung-Gwon , Lee Sun-Young 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTMajor pathogenic strains ofVibrio parahaemolyticuscan enter into the viable-but-nonculturable (VBNC) state when subjected to environmental conditions commonly encountered during food processing. Especially, VBNC cells can be recovered to the culturable state reversibly by removing the causative stress, expressing higher levels of virulence factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if VBNCV. parahaemolyticusstrains retain the resuscitation-availability upon eliminating the adverse condition, followed by the enrichment in developed resuscitation-facilitating buffers. Bacterial cells were shown to enter into the VBNC state in artificial sea water (ASW, pH 6) microcosms at 4°C within 70 days. VBNC cells were harvested, inoculated in formulated resuscitation-buffers, and then incubated at 25°C for several days. TSB (pH 8) supplemented with 3% NaCl (TSBA) exhibited the higher resuscitation-availability of VBNC cells. It was also shown that TSBAcontaining 10,000 U/mg/protein catalase, 2% sodium pyruvate, 20 mM MgSO4, 5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and cell free supernatants extracted from the pure cultures ofV. parahaemolyticuswas more effective in resuscitating VBNC cells ofV. parahaemolyticus, showing by 7.69-8.91 log10CFU/ml.IMPORTANCEGenerally, higher concentrations (≤40%) of NaCl are used for preserving different sorts of food products from bacterial contaminations. However, it was shown from the present study that strains ofV. parahaemolyticuswere able to persist in maintaining the cellular viability, thereby entering into the VBNC state upon exposure to the refrigerator temperature for 80 days. Hence, the ability of VBNCV. parahaemolyticusto re-enter into the culturable state was examined, using various resuscitation buffers that were formulated in this study. VBNC cells re-gained the culturability successfully when transferred onto the resuscitation-buffer D, and then incubated at 25°C for several days. Resuscitation-facilitating agent D is consisting of antioxidizing agents, mineral, an emulsifier, and cell free supernatants from the actively growing cells ofV. parahaemolyticus. It appeared that such a reversible conversion of VBNC cells to the culturable state would depend on multiple resuscitation-related channels.
Mechanical unfold and transport of Green Florescent Protein through a nanopore
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Adnan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report the unfold and trans-location of Green Fluorescent protein (GFP) mechanically by a constant force acting parallel along the axis of nanopore. A coarse-grained numerical model (Go-model) were implemented both for the protein and the nanopore. Detail description of each peptide unfold by the constant force is presented. Depending on the GFP topological structure, β-sheet barrel, the protein unfold and transport as a double loop conformation in the confinement geometry. The result is compared with maltose binding protein (MBP), having majority of alpha helix, which unfold and trans-locate as single profile conformation through nanopore. The result emphasis that protein with different topological structure unfold and trans-locate in different fashion depending on their native fold structure.
Smart metering projects: an interpretive framework for successful implementation
Authors: Cagno Enrico , Micheli Guido J.L. , Di Foggia Giacomo 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze a set of smart meters implementation projects and provide insights and recommendations to facilitate smart metering deployment strategies.Design/methodology/approachSeveral significant projects are analyzed on different fronts: scale, technology, economics and regulation, using a common methodology to unfold patterns that constitute key components of successful smart meters diffusion.FindingsKey elements and controllable enabling patterns from Europe-wide SM implementation projects are identified together with drivers and barriers for patterns replication.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors provide a framework considering different stakeholders that will help distribution system operators to accelerate and extend smart meters’ penetration.Originality/valueBased on the Meter-ON project (supported by the 7th Framework Program of the European Commission), we provide valuable information aimed at facilitating the large-scale deployment of smart meters.
Electrochemical DNA biosensors: a review
Authors: Rafique Bushra , Iqbal Mudassir , Mehmood Tahir , Shaheen Muhammad Ashraf 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis review aims to focus on recent reported research work on the construction and function of different electrochemical DNA biosensors. It also describes different sensing materials, chemistries of immobilization probes, conditions of hybridization and principles of transducing and amplification strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe human disease-related mutated genes or DNA sequence detection at low cost can be verified by the electrochemical-based biosensor. A range of different chemistries is used by the DNA-based electrochemical biosensors, out of which the interactions of nanoscale material with recognition layer and a solid electrode surface are most interesting. A diversity of advancements has been made in the field of electrochemical detection.FindingsSome important aspects are also highlighted in this review, which can contribute in the creation of successful biosensing devices in the future.Originality/valueThis paper provides an updated review of construction and sensing technologies in the field of biosensing.