bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The accounting dynamics of industrial companies and their relationship with them information and communication technologies
Authors: Sánchez C A Pacheco , Castilla M M Rodríguez , Quintero W Quintero 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Current technological changes have allowed companies to make transformation of business accounting information regardless of distance, time or volume of data, therefore, this research aims to know the current relationship between accounting processes and the use of information and communication technologies in the industrial sector of the city of Ocaña, Colombia, through a quantitative methodological approach of cross-sectional descriptive type, using statistical software SPSS for processing and analysis of information from data obtained from the questionnaire type Likert applied to 83 micro small and medium sized enterprises in the industrial sector; where the results obtained show that local industrial companies face challenges, restrictions and paradigms against the use of information and communication technologies because they do not know many tools, programs and platforms that facilitate the systematization of data, bringing as a consequence the low speed of dissemination and processing, the lack of control of expenses and costs, the relevant errors before the delivery and substantiation of accounting reports and finally to the generation of barriers that prevent them from reducing the participation gap in the world of the information society.
Regional climate model projections underestimate future warming due to missing plant physiological CO2 response
Authors: Schwingshackl Clemens , Davin Edouard L , Hirschi Martin , Sørland Silje Lund , Wartenburger Richard , Seneviratne Sonia I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Many countries rely on regional climate model (RCM) projections to quantify the impacts of climate change and to design their adaptation plans accordingly. In several European regions, RCMs project a smaller temperature increase than global climate models (GCMs), which is hypothesised to be due to discrepant representations of topography, cloud processes, or aerosol forcing in RCMs and GCMs. Additionally, RCMs do generally not consider the vegetation response to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations; a process which is, however, included in most GCMs. Plants adapt to higher CO2 concentrations by closing their stomata, which can lead to reduced transpiration with concomitant surface warming, in particular, during temperature extremes. Here we show that embedding plant physiological responses to elevated CO2 concentrations in an RCM leads to significantly higher projected extreme temperatures in Europe. Annual maximum temperatures rise additionally by about 0.6 K (0.1 K in southern, 1.2 K in northern Europe) by 2070–2099, explaining about 67% of the stronger annual maximum temperature increase in GCMs compared to RCMs. Missing plant physiological CO2 responses thus strongly contribute to the underestimation of temperature trends in RCMs. The need for robust climate change assessments calls for a comprehensive implementation of this process in RCM land surface schemes.
Influence of Large-scaled Reclamation on the Cold Wave in Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province
Authors: Cao Hongsheng , Pan Xishan , Li Chunhui , Wang Yan , Wang Shaopeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Taking the large-scaled reclamation in Jiangsu Sea as study background, on the premise of large-scaled area (East China Sea) having a good accuracy. The cold wave of Jiangsu Sea is simulated by the nested model of SWAN, and analysing the Hs (significant wave height) near the reclamation area extracted from the results. It is found that the cold wave field around the reclamation area is influenced remarkably by large-scaled reclamation. The large change of wave field is mainly concentrated in the southern part of central Jiangsu province, and it has a significant influence on the wave field. Due to the effect of covering, the wave height of the southern sea area of Dongsha, Gaoni and Lengjiasha reclamation area decreases greatly, and the decline can be as much as 30%. Due to the extent of reclamation is small, the change of wave field in the northern part of Jiangsu province is not obvious, and the range of change is not obvious.
Enhancement of Biological Nutrient Removal in an Alternating Anaerobic-Aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor: Optimization of Anaerobic and Aerobic Hydraulic Retention Times
Authors: Pang J W , Yang S S , Yang X Y , Wu Z Y , Ren N Q 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Biological phosphorus removal (BPR), possesses the significant advantages of low operational costs and little environmental impacts, is an economical and sustainable process to remove P by recycling the activated sludge through anaerobic and aerobic processes. For the BPR system, the hydraulic retention times (HRT) in aerobic and anaerobic processes are the most significant controlling parameters which can directly affect the effluent quality, especially the effluent phosphorus removal efficiencies. In this study, six lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated to conduct the single-factor experiments. 13 experimental runs designed by a 2-factor and 5-level response surface methodology (RSM) using Central composite design (CCD) were used to optimize the relationship between anaerobic HRT (X1, h) and aerobic HRT (X2, h) and two most important responses, COD removal efficiency (CRE, Y1, %) and P removal efficiency (PRE, Y2, %). High squared regression coefficients R2 (> 0.99) and adjusted R2 (> 0.99) indicated a high degree of correlation between the predicted and actual responses, which means that the model could fit the response well. Experimental validation by operating under the optimal combination of the two operational HRTs were conducted. Good correlation between the predicted and experiments values provides confidence in the obtained models.
Evaluation of Tsunami Scouring on Subsea Pipelines
Authors: Komata R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It is important that subsea pipelines are designed and maintained to withstand earthquakes and tsunamis, especially in earthquake-prone regions such as Japan. Tsunami scouring of the seabed may reduce the amount of soil covering a subsea pipeline, exposing it to harmful wave action. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a subsea pipeline by calculating the tsunami scouring volume for representative tsunamis via numerical analysis. As a case study, we determined how subsea pipelines in the Kashima-nada sea area, Japan, would be affected. The results obtained indicate that for both a level 2 tsunami and a level 1 tsunami, scouring does not significantly affect the pipeline and no construction is subsequently required to restore the soil cover.
Thinking from a sea bauxite accident
Authors: Liu Qi , Tian Baijun , Qiu Xintong , Zhang Lixia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a typical case of transporting bauxite ore on the ship is studied. From the perspective of maritime safety, the bauxite is studied in the classification of goods in the IMSBC rules and the improvement measures in the current transportation process are proposed to provide the maritime transport, So as to provide reference for maritime transport and reduce the recurrence of such accidents.
The enhancement of high dielectric properties for pure PVDF-HFP by using the suitable stirred temperature and time
Authors: Salea A , Jehlaeh K , Putson C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A novel light-weight electronic device from the dielectric polymer is so remarkable as the actuators, sensors, energy storage device and energy conversion. For this work, the thin film electroactive polymer is fabricated by casting technique which PVDF-HFP dissolve in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The three stirred temperatures (30, 55 and 80 °C) and two stirred times (6 and 12 h) are completely considering. The highest polarization as the β phase is also considered for dielectric properties improvement. The FTIR, LCR and DSC equipment are used to measure the electroactive improvement. As a result, the 12 h stirred time with 30 °C stirred temperature is the best condition. The 0.25 g/ml concentration is also the suitable condition. The better dielectric properties are the requisite condition for a novel energy storage device in the future.
The Critical Importance of Asking Good Questions: The Role of Epidemiology Doctoral Training Programs
Authors: Fox Matthew P , Edwards Jessie K , Platt Robert , Balzer Laura B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Epidemiologic methods have advanced tremendously in the last several decades. As important as they are, even the most sophisticated approaches are unable to provide meaningful answers when the user lacks a clear study question. Yet, instructors have more and more resources on how to conduct studies and analyze data but few resources on how to ask clearly defined study questions that will guide those methods. Training programs have limited time for coursework, and if novel statistical estimation methods become the focus of instruction, programs that go this route may end up underemphasizing the process of asking good study questions, designing robust studies, considering potential biases in the collected data, and appropriately interpreting the results of the analysis. Given the demands for space in curricula, now is an appropriate time to reevaluate what we teach epidemiology doctoral students. We advocate that programs place a renewed focus on asking good study questions and following a comprehensive approach to study design and data analysis in which questions guide the choice of appropriate methods, helping us avoid methods for methods’ sake and highlighting when application of a new method can provide the opportunity to answer questions that were intractable with traditional approaches.
The Association Between Social Media Use and Hazardous Alcohol Use Among Youths: A Four-Country Study
Authors: Savolainen Iina , Oksanen Atte , Kaakinen Markus , Sirola Anu , Miller Bryan Lee , Paek Hye-Jin , Zych Izabela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo examine the continuing role of daily popular social media use in youth hazardous alcohol consumption in four countries across continents.MethodsA web-based survey was given to youths aged 15–25 in the USA (n = 1212), South Korea (n = 1192), Finland (n = 1200) and Spain (n = 1212). Hazardous alcohol use (alcohol use disorders identification test-C) was the dependent variable. Main independent variables measured daily use of different social media services. Controls included compulsive Internet use, offline belonging, psychological distress, impulsivity, risk-taking, age and gender. Linear regression models and mediation analyses with bootstrapping were done for each country.ResultsDaily use of Facebook and Instagram was associated with higher hazardous alcohol use among youths in Finland, South Korea and Spain. Daily instant messaging was related to higher hazardous alcohol use among South Korean and Finnish youths. Daily YouTube use was associated with higher hazardous alcohol use among youths in South Korea, but lower hazardous alcohol use among youths in the USA and Finland. Daily Twitter use was related to lower hazardous drinking among youths in Finland but higher hazardous drinking among youths in Spain. The mediation analyses revealed that uploading pictures to social media is a possible facilitator of social media-related hazardous alcohol use among youths in the USA and Spain.ConclusionCertain social media platforms might inspire and/or attract hazardously drinking youths, contributing to the growing opportunities for social media interventions.
Spacing out at Mono Lake: Breeding Success, Nest Density, and Predation in the Snowy Plover
Authors: Page Gary W. , Stenzel Lynne E. , Winkler David W. , Swarth Christopher W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Snowy Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) nesting on the exposed lake bed surrounding Mono Lake, California lose up to 40% of their clutches. Most are destroyed by predators, predominantly California Gulls (Larus californicus). In 1978 Snowy Plover reproduction was estimated at 0.49-0.70 fledged young per female. Population stability was estimated to require 0.80 fledged young per female. A series of experiments with artificial clutches placed at different densities in the nesting area demonstrates that the predators can have an effect on the plovers' nesting success that is dependent upon their nest density. The maintenance of low nesting density is an important antipredator adaptation. We consider predation on clutches and broods to be the major limiting factor on the Snowy Plover population at Mono Lake.
Current Status of the Brown-headed Cowbird in the Sierra National Forest
Authors: Verner Jared , Ritter Lyman V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Seasonal distribution and abundance, habitat preferences and use, and host relationships of Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the Sierra Nevada of California were studied in the Sierra National Forest in 1980 and 1981. From several hundred counts, including many made in 1978 and 1979, the relative numbers of cowbirds and potential hosts were estimated for a variety of habitats and for varying distances from known loci of afternoon foraging aggregations. Intensive searches were made for nests and fledged broods of potential hosts. Cowbirds strongly prefer meadow edges as breeding habitats, using clearcuts and incompletely logged forests to some extent and unlogged forests rarely or not at all. In the preferred meadow habitats, cowbird abundance declined rapidly with increasing distance from human-based sources of food, such as pack stations. The relative abundance of Warbling Vireos (Vireo gilvus) was negatively correlated with that of cowbirds, supporting other evidence of high rates of parasitism on this host species in the Sierra Nevada. Because cowbirds are rare in or absent from many major habitat types and areas remote from human-based sources of supplemental food, however, we doubt that any species in the Sierra Nevada is currently threatened by cowbird parasitism. The problem needs periodic monitoring, however, as human developments become more widespread in the mountains.
Parental Recognition of Offspring in the Cliff Swallow
Authors: Stoddard Philip K. , Beecher Michael D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We examined variation in the calls and facial patterns of Cliff Swallow (Hirundo pyrrhonota) chicks to test the prediction that, in species in which dependent young intermingle, coloniality necessitates parent-offspring recognition and thus favors the evolution of highly variable "signature" traits. The calls of Cliff Swallow chicks were found to be highly distinctive: interindividual variation was significantly greater than intraindividual variation for five measured parameters. Playback experiments indicated that parents could locate their chicks by these signature calls alone. We found that chick faces were individually distinctive as well. Chick faces could be readily distinguished by human observers, although we did not test whether or not Cliff Swallow parents actually use this information. Studies of several swallow species implicate coloniality as the variable in this family that separates species with distinctive chick signatures and strong parental recognition [Cliff Swallows and Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia)] from species in which these traits are weak or absent [Northern Rough-winged Swallows (Stelgidopteryx serripennis) and Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica)].
Annual Variability in the Abundance of Migrant Landbirds on Southeast Farallon Island, California
Authors: DeSante David F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
I analyzed the occurrences of 217 species of migrant landbirds on Southeast Farallon Island, 43 km west of San Francisco, California, from 10 yr of daily censuses, fall 1968 to spring 1978. I divided species into 12 subgroups to reflect seasonal and geographical distributions on the mainland. The abundances of the various subgroups on the Farallones, in both fall and spring, were directly related to the proximity to the island of their breeding and wintering ranges and normal migration routes. For most subgroups, abundances were greater in fall than in spring. The great majority of fall individuals were hatching-year birds, and I suspect that many, if not most, spring individuals were second-year birds. Highly significant year-to-year variations occurred in the number of individuals that arrived on the Farallones and in the proportion of individuals in the various subgroups, despite the fact that the number of species and proportion of species in the various subgroups remained statistically invariant from year to year. Of particular interest were 5 fall days and 4 spring days when exceptional numbers of birds arrived on the island. These wave days were probably the result of local weather conditions near the Farallones. The numbers of individuals of most subgroups of wintering and summering species, especially coastal subgroups, increased significantly on wave days, but the numbers of vagrants did not. The annual variations in abundance of Farallon landbirds were probably caused by variations in the number of young produced each summer, by long-range weather patterns acting over large areas of the continent, and by variations in local weather conditions. Vagrant species significantly increased in abundance in both fall and spring during the second 5 yr of this study. I suggest that this could be caused by a selective increase in the proportion of dispersing individuals (including vagrants) in populations subjected to increased rates of habitat change.
Tests of Habituation to Song Repertoires by Carolina Wrens
Authors: Simpson Barbara S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In a series of playback experiments with Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus), each with 25-43 song types, I tested the effect of song repertoires on habituation in simulated long-range countersinging between territorial neighbors by playing back songs 75 m or 100 m outside the territorial boundary of each subject. One experiment tested differences in response to six repertoire sizes during 15-min continuous playbacks. A second experiment tested habituation to four different repertoire sizes over 2 h of intermittent playbacks. In both experiments birds sang more in response to playbacks than to controls. The response to playbacks of single song types did not decline over time. The subjects did not respond different to large repertoires compared to single songs, nor did different sizes of repertoires affect the changes in the birds' responses over time. The results provide no evidence for an effect of song repertoires in reducing habituation to neighboring intruders. Species like the Carolina Wren, in which individuals communicate over long distances by repeating the same song, might in fact evolve resistance to habituation to acoustically simple, repeated signals.
Effects of a Transmission Line on Bird Populations in the Red Lake Peatland, Northern Minnesota
Authors: Niemi Gerald J. , Hanowski JoAnn M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effects of a 500-kV transmission line on bird populations were assessed by comparing paired treatment areas [which included a transmission line and right-of-way (ROW)] with similar control areas in six different habitat types during the breeding and migration seasons. Habitat structure was measured to examine the inherent differences between control and treatment areas. Using two census methods, territorial mapping and transect counts, we determined that Sedge Wrens and LeConte's Sparrows had lower breeding-population densities in treatment areas than in control areas. LeConte's Sparrows and Connecticut Warblers occurred at greater mean distances from the transmission line in treatment areas than from a similarly positioned line in control areas. Fifteen paired t-tests (five habitats in 3 yr), in which territorial mapping data were used, revealed that community densities were lower in one treatment habitat (high shrub) in 1 of 3 yr (P < 0.05). A two-way analysis of variance with transect counts, however, was not confirmatory when yearly variation was included. Transect counts revealed lower population densities in one treatment habitat (low shrub) in 2 of 3 yr (P < 0.05). In contrast, we observed greater species richness (P < 0.05) in two treatment habitats (closed spruce and sedge fen) than in controls. Treatment habitats were most similar in habitat structure to their paired control habitats, but each habitat of the pair was significantly different (P < 0.05) from the other in at least 2 of 10 habitat characteristics analyzed. We suggest that the avian differences observed between paired areas were primarily attributable to (1) the inherent habitat differences between control and treatment areas, and (2) the new habitat created under the transmission line. Our data indicated negligible effects of this transmission line on bird populations, but interpretations are difficult, because the effects varied with (1) habitat, (2) season, and (3) method considered. Postimpact studies, which compare control and treatment areas, are less effective than before-and-after studies, because differences in habitat structure exist between any two areas.
Hourly Variation in Morning Point Counts of Birds
Authors: Verner Jared , Ritter Lyman V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We studied hourly variation in measures of the abundance of individual species and the species composition of bird assemblages in different habitats and seasons in the western Sierra Nevada of California, using 8- and 10-min point counts. Results failed to show clearly that any one of the first 4-5 h after sunrise is better than another. The advantages of more counts or more sites sampled, or both, gained by counting over several hours outweigh any advantage that might result from restricting counts to periods that give counts with lower variance. Species richness was better measured by sampling over a period of several hours than by sampling an equal period of time during any single hour.
Thermal Insulation of the Down and Feathers of Pygoscelid Penguin Chicks and the Unique Properties of Penguin Feathers
Authors: Taylor Jan R. E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The thermal insulation of the down and feathers of Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) and Gentoo (P. papua) penguin chicks was measured throughout development in still air and in wind parallel and perpendicular to the plumage. Insulation increased with age. Whole-body insulation of chicks measured in still air (body core to environment) was significantly correlated with the insulation of their pelts at a given age. The insulation of the downy pelts of 10- and 15-day-old chicks was significantly lower than that of all older chicks, and explains the dependence of chicks of that age on continuous brooding by parents, despite their high thermogenic capacities. The down of older chicks provided good insulation in wind speeds of 3-5 m/s. With no wind, the down of Gentoos immediately before molting was a better insulator than feathers of prefledged chicks. The insulation of the feathers of prefledged chicks in parallel air flow up to 5 m/s was 87-112% of its value in still air. However, the insulation increased at higher wind speeds; in Gentoo pelts at winds of 15 m/s, it averaged 136% (maximum 179%) of the insulation in still air. Increasing insulative values of feathers or fur under increasing wind speeds have not been demonstrated previously in any bird or mammal. The insulation of down at various wind speeds and micrometeorological data from the Gentoo Penguin rookery on King George Island, Antarctica were compared. It follows that heat loss of older downy Gentoo chicks is not affected significantly by wind. These chicks can remain within their thermoneutral zones on windy days.