bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job satisfaction and its relationship with organisational commitment: A Democratic Republic of Congo organisational perspective
Authors: Mitonga-Monga Jeremy , Flotman Aden-Paul , Cilliers Frans 
Published: June 2018

Orientation: The modern workplace, which is characterised by increasing turbulence and debilitating uncertainty, has led to renewed focus on whether employees experience satisfaction and how they commit themselves to the organisation.Research purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the nature of the relationship between employees’ levels of job satisfaction (JS) and organisational commitment (OC) in a public railway organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).Motivation for the study: Although previous researchers have found evidence of the relationship between JS and OC in Western countries, there seems to be a paucity of research on the relationship between JS and OC in a developing country context such as that of the DRC. The results could make a valuable contribution to the current literature debate on these two constructs (JS and OC) and possibly employees’ intention to stay in their present organisation.Research design, approach and method: A cross-sectional survey design was used employing the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Organisational Commitment Scale. The sample (n = 839) comprised permanently employed staff. Correlations and regression analyses were conducted. The results indicated that employees’ JS related positively to their level of OC and that JS predicted OC.Practical and managerial implications: The results should also have interesting implications for top management and human resource practitioners. They could use this information to study how organisational psychological attachment is fostered in order to potentially master other organisational dynamics. The information could also be used to create positive working conditions with a view to reinforcing OC. JS manifested as a critical driver of OC, which could result in superior business performance. Management could use the results to create a working environment that actively fosters satisfaction and boosts employees’ level of commitment.Contribution or value-add: The results should contribute to the body of knowledge on the relationship between JS and OC in the context of a developing economy and highlight the practical implications for line managers and behavioural and wellness practitioners.
A heavy goods vehicle fleet forecast for South Africa
Authors: Havenga Jan H. , Le Roux Phillippus P.T. , Simpson Zane P. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To develop and apply a methodology to calculate the heavy goods vehicle fleet required to meet South Africa’s projected road freight transport demand within the context of total surface freight transport demand.Methodology: Total freight flows are projected through the gravity modelling of a geographically disaggregated input–output model. Three modal shift scenarios, defined over a 15-year forecast period, combined with road efficiency improvements, inform the heavy goods vehicle fleet for different vehicle types to serve the estimated future road freight transport demand.Findings: The largest portion of South Africa’s high and growing transport demand will remain on long-distance road corridors. The impact can be moderated through the concurrent introduction of domestic intermodal solutions, performance-based standards in road freight transport and improved vehicle utilisation. This presupposes the prioritisation of collaborative initiatives between government, freight owners and logistics service providers.Research limitations: (1) The impact of short-distance urban movements on fleet numbers is not included yet. (2) Seasonality, which negatively influences bi-directional flows, is not taken into account owing to the annual nature of the macroeconomic data. (3) The methodology can be applied to other countries; the input data are however country-specific and findings can therefore not be generalised. (4) The future possibility of a reduction in absolute transport demand through, for example, reshoring have not been modelled yet.Practical implications: Provides impetus for the implementation of domestic intermodal solutions and road freight performance-based standards to mitigate the impact of growing freight transport demand.Societal implications: More efficient freight transport solutions will reduce national logistics costs and freight-related externalities.Originality: Develops a methodology for forecasting the heavy goods vehicle fleet within the context of total freight transport to inform government policy and industry actions.
Investigating the interaction between human immunodeficiency virus, nutrition, and disability: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Myezwa Hellen , Hanass-Hancock Jill , Pautz Nikolas 
Published: June 2018

Background: The average lifespan of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased because of the enhanced access to anti-retroviral treatment. This increased longevity has led to a heightened focus on the comorbidities which may arise, allowing a clearer understanding of the contextual, personal, psychological and functional problems and their interrelations. Disability (functional limitations) and insufficient nutritional intake may interact cyclically with HIV and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); however, no research to date has investigated this interaction. Aims: The objective of this article was to report on the nutritional outcomes using albumin and body mass index outcomes as a subset of a larger study among adults living with HIV and/or AIDS. Setting: This study was conducted at a large HIV clinic based in an urban area in Johannesburg, South Africa, which provides HIV treatment and support to over 6000 persons with HIV and TB. This clinic is part of a large public health regional hospital where extensive HIV research is undertaken. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study. The sample composed of 278 participants between 18 and 65 years of age and had been on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for more than six months. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: The results indicated that albumin level had significant inverse associations with functional limitations and physical health symptoms. Women were significantly more likely to have lower nutritional levels. A logistic regression analysis suggested that gender and physical health symptoms were the primary predictors of albumin levels. Conclusion: The findings presented in this article can be applied to HIV and/or AIDS treatment programmes, such as HAART. It re-emphasises the importance of providing individuals on anti-retroviral therapy with affordable and adequate nutrition, education on the importance of nutritional intake and the benefits of potentially adopting supplement programmes. As females seem to be more adversely affected by low nutritional levels, with the findings showing an increased likelihood of developing physical health symptoms, focus also needs to be given to cultural or social factors that impact nutritional intake in women.
Uncertainty analysis of total ozone derived from direct solar irradiance spectra in the presence of unknown spectral deviations
Authors: Vaskuri Anna , Kärhä Petri , Egli Luca , Gröbner Julian , Ikonen Erkki 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We demonstrate the use of a Monte Carlo model to estimate the uncertainties in total ozone column (TOC) derived from ground-based direct solar spectral
irradiance measurements. The model estimates the effects of possible
systematic spectral deviations in the solar irradiance spectra on the
uncertainties in retrieved TOC. The model is tested with spectral data
measured with three different spectroradiometers at an intercomparison
campaign of the research project “Traceability for atmospheric total column
ozone” at Izaña, Tenerife on 17 September 2016. The TOC values derived at
local noon have expanded uncertainties of 1.3 % (3.6 DU) for a high-end
scanning spectroradiometer, 1.5 % (4.4 DU) for a high-end array
spectroradiometer, and 4.7 % (13.3 DU) for a roughly adopted instrument based on commercially available components and an array spectroradiometer
when correlations are taken into account. When neglecting the effects of
systematic spectral deviations, the uncertainties reduce by a factor of 3.
The TOC results of all devices have good agreement with each other, within
the uncertainties, and with the reference values of the order of 282 DU
during the analysed day, measured with Brewer spectrophotometer #183.
The sensitivity of estuarine aragonite saturation state and pH to the carbonate chemistry of a freshet-dominated river
Authors: Moore-Maley Benjamin L. , Ianson Debby , Allen Susan E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Ocean acidification threatens to reduce pH and aragonite saturation state (ΩA) in estuaries, potentially damaging their ecosystems. However, the impact of highly variable river total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) on pH and ΩA in these estuaries is unknown. We assess the sensitivity of estuarine surface pH and ΩA to river TA and DIC using a coupled biogeochemical model of the Strait of Georgia on the Canadian Pacific coast and place the results in the context of global rivers. The productive Strait of Georgia estuary has a large, seasonally variable freshwater input from the glacially fed, undammed Fraser River. Analyzing TA observations from this river plume and pH from the river mouth, we find that the Fraser is moderately alkaline (TA 500–1000 µmol kg−1) but relatively DIC-rich. Model results show that estuarine pH and ΩA are sensitive to freshwater DIC and TA, but do not vary in synchrony except at high DIC : TA. The asynchrony occurs because increased freshwater TA is associated with increased DIC, which contributes to an increased estuarine DIC : TA and reduces pH, while the resulting higher carbonate ion concentration causes an increase in estuarine ΩA. When freshwater DIC : TA increases (beyond  ∼  1.1), the shifting chemistry causes a paucity of the carbonate ion that overwhelms the simple dilution/enhancement effect. At this high DIC : TA ratio, estuarine sensitivity to river chemistry increases overall. Furthermore, this increased sensitivity extends to reduced flow regimes that are expected in future. Modulating these negative impacts is the seasonal productivity in the estuary which draws down DIC and reduces the sensitivity of estuarine pH to increasing DIC during the summer season.
Numerical experiments on vapor diffusion in polar snow and firn and its impact on isotopes using the multi-layer energy balance model Crocus in SURFEX v8.0
Authors: Touzeau Alexandra , Landais Amaëlle , Morin Samuel , Arnaud Laurent , Picard Ghislain 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. To evaluate the impact of vapor diffusion on isotopic
composition variations in snow pits and then in ice cores, we introduced
water isotopes in the detailed snowpack model Crocus. At each step and for
each snow layer, (1) the initial isotopic composition of vapor is taken at
equilibrium with the solid phase, (2) a kinetic fractionation is applied during
transport, and (3) vapor is condensed or snow is sublimated to compensate for
deviation to vapor pressure at saturation. We study the different effects of temperature gradient, compaction, wind
compaction, and precipitation on the final vertical isotopic profiles. We also
run complete simulations of vapor diffusion along isotopic gradients and of
vapor diffusion driven by temperature gradients at GRIP, Greenland and at
Dome C, Antarctica over periods of 1 or 10 years. The vapor diffusion tends
to smooth the original seasonal signal, with an attenuation of 7 to 12 %
of the original signal over 10 years at GRIP. This is smaller than the
observed attenuation in ice cores, indicating that the model attenuation due
to diffusion is underestimated or that other processes, such as ventilation,
influence attenuation. At Dome C, the attenuation is stronger (18 %),
probably because of the lower accumulation and stronger δ18O
gradients.
The seismogenic fault system of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Iran–Iraq earthquake: constraints from surface and subsurface data, cross-section balancing, and restoration
Authors: Tavani Stefano , Parente Mariano , Puzone Francesco , Corradetti Amerigo , Gharabeigli Gholamreza , Valinejad Mehdi , Morsalnejad Davoud , Mazzoli Stefano 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The 2017 Mw 7.3 Iran–Iraq earthquake occurred in a region where the pattern of major plate convergence is well constrained, but limited information is available on the seismogenic structures. Geological observations, interpretation of seismic reflection profiles, and well data are used in this paper to build a regional, balanced cross section that provides a comprehensive picture of the geometry and dimensional parameters of active faults in the hypocentral area. Our results indicate (i) the coexistence of thin- and thick-skinned thrusting, (ii) the reactivation of inherited structures, and (iii) the occurrence of weak units promoting heterogeneous deformation within the palaeo-Cenozoic sedimentary cover and partial decoupling from the underlying basement. According to our study, the main shock of the November 2017 seismic sequence is located within the basement, along the low-angle Mountain Front Fault. Aftershocks unzipped the up-dip portion of the same fault. This merges with a detachment level located at the base of the Paleozoic succession, to form a crustal-scale fault-bend anticline. Size and geometry of the Mountain Front Fault are consistent with a down-dip rupture width of 30 km, which is required for an Mw 7.3 earthquake.
Facilitating and Supporting EdD Students’ Scholar Practitioner Writing as an Epistemological Tool
Authors: Fertman Carl I 
Published: June 2018

Becoming adept at crafting scholarly writing is an important aspect of a doctoral student’s development. Presented in this article is an EdD course, embedded writing scaffold that engages students and faculty to develop students’ scholarly inquiry projects. That scaffold is the Applied Inquiry Plan (AIP). The AIP creates a programmatic pathway to guide a Dissertation in Practice. Working to improve the quality and value of scholar practitioner writing parallels and draws from efforts in the biomedical fields to develop writing guidelines that impact the quality and value of practice. Creating and using the AIP provides opportunities for broad discussion of how to engage EdD students to view their writing as an epistemological tool. Discussed is the AIP impact on EdD program redesign and improvement.
Monoprosthesis for Simultaneous Correction of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Cystocele: A 3-Year follow-up
Authors: Adile Biagio , Gugliotta Giorgio , Adile Giorgio , Verso Laura Lo , Sommatino Francesco , Scurria Salvatore 
Published: June 2018

Background Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) and cystocele can occur simultaneously because they have identical predisposing factors. This procedure reinforces pubourethral ligaments and the vesico-vaginal fascia, solving SUI and Cystocele. Methods 57 patients with grade III or higher cystocele were enrolled in this trial; SUI was present in 20% of patients (mean age: 57 years). NAZCA TC® was used as monoprosthesis. Prolapse was evaluated using the POP-Q System, sexuality using the FSFI questionnaire, and LUTS using the OAB-SF questionnaire. Results After surgery, there were positive changes, sustained during the follow-up: SUI was cured in 80% patients; there was only one patient with de novo SUI and a single case of prolapse recurrence. Conclusions These results suggest that NAZCA TC® is safe and effective, adding the advantage of correcting SUI at the same time.
Use of 5-Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Patients with Luts Secondary to Bph: Our Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Dell'Atti Lucio , Cuneo Antonio 
Published: June 2018

Introduction The phosphodiesterase inhibitors are used in the treatment of ED and there are increasing data of effects of these drugs on bladder and urethral relaxation as well as of prostatic smooth muscles that may relief the symptoms of BPH. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of Tadalafil (a PDE-5 inhibitor) in combination with standard therapy for the treatment of BPH. Materials and Methods In this randomized clinical trial of 165 patients with obstructive and irritative urinary tract symptoms due to BPH, IPSS ≥8, IIEF ≥11, Q-max from 5 mL/s to 15 mL/s and residual urine volume (RUV) <120 mL, there was indication for surgical intervention. These patients were randomly allocated in three groups. Each patient received a therapeutic treatment daily for 12 weeks. Group A received treatment with tamsulosin 0.4 mg and tadalafil 5 mg, Group B received a standard treatment with tamsulosin 0.4 mg for BPH and Group C received only one treatment with tadalafil 5 mg. Results There was no significant difference in terms of IPSS score, Qmax and RUV before treatment in the three groups tested. Analysis of the data shows that in patients treated with tamsulosin and tadalafil IPSS, IIEF and QoL were significantly improved in a different way than in the other two groups, while the Qmax and RUV did not show a significant change in the three groups, remaining almost constant. Conclusions The PDE-5 inhibitor improves quality of life and urinary symptoms in patients with LUTS suggestive of BPH, but doesn't have any significant effect on Qmax and RUV.
FUNÇÕES DE AFILAMENTO PARA Pinus elliottii Engelm. PROVENIENTE DE CONDUÇÃO DE REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL
Authors: Da Silva Samuel Alves , Ferrari Linamara Smaniotto , Moreira Diego , Lanssanova Luciano Rodrigo , Ansolin Roni Djeison , Ciarnoschi Lucas Dalmolin , Nakajima Nelson Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2018

A condução de florestas por regeneração natural pode apresentar perfis de fuste diferentes em relação à indivíduos provenientes de plantios por mudas ou semeadura. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi ajustar modelos de funções de afilamento para povoamentos da espécie Pinus elliottii Engelm. proveniente de condução de regeneração natural, afim de identificar o que melhor se ajusta e verificar se a procedência dos indivíduos afeta negativamente os indicadores estatísticos de regressão. Para isso, foram ajustados os modelos de função de afilamento propostos por Kozak et al., Max & Burkhart, Schöepfer e Hradetzky para um banco de dados de 289 árvores cubadas pelo método de Smalian, das quais, 40 amostras foram utilizadas para validar a melhor equação. A avaliação das equações testadas foi realizada por meio do coeficiente de determinação ajustado ( ), erro padrão da estimativa em percentagem (Syx %), análise gráfica dos resíduos em porcentagem e média dos desvios (MD). Os modelos ajustados apresentaram resultados estatísticos satisfatórios. Todas as equações ajustadas apresentaram resultados muito semelhantes para , que variou entre 0,9630 e 0,9807, para o Syx %, os valores variaram um pouco mais, de 9,0785 a 6,5647, e para MD de -0,1500 a 0,0858. O modelo proposto por Max & Burkhart apresentou os melhores resultados para a estimativa dos diâmetros ao longo do fuste, apresentando o maior , o menor Syx % e MD de 0,0858. Com os resultados apresentados podemos observar que a aplicação de modelos de afiamento para povoamentos de Pinus elliottii oriundos de regeneração natural é viável.
FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA PARA ESTIMATIVAS DA CARGA FÍSICA DE TRABALHO NA EXPLORAÇÃO FLORESTAL
Authors: Nascimento Kauê Augusto Oliveira , Emmert Fabiano , Higuchi Niro 
Published: June 2018

O trabalho em exploração florestal exige grande contingente e carga física sob condições ambientais desfavoráveis. Portanto, um bom condicionamento e hábitos saudáveis são essenciais para o desempenho. O estudo pretendeu a coleta de frequência cardíaca para estimar a carga física do trabalho em exploração florestal. A pesquisa foi conduzida no município de Itapiranga, Amazonas, Brasil. Foram avaliadas as operações de pré-arraste, arraste e pátio, exceto o corte. Foi coletada frequência cardíaca da ocupação mais desgastante em cada operação, e estimadas as cargas físicas por dois métodos: anexo C da ISO 8996 e o método CCV. A variável peso demonstrou forte correlação positiva com a frequência cardíaca. A carga física variou em até 167 kcal/h para a mesma ocupação. A ocupação puxador de cabo (pré-arraste) foi a mais desgastante, sendo considerada pesada e estimou-se pausas de até 15 min./h. A frequência cardíaca demonstrou ser indicadora do condicionamento físico, um aspecto importante, pois interfere no desempenho do trabalhador.
Comparative health assessment of urban and non-urban free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in southeastern British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Mathieu Amélie , Flint Mark , Stent Patrick M. , Schwantje Helen M. , Wittum Thomas E. 
Published: June 2018

Background
The provincial wildlife management agency, British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, performed a translocation to control the urban mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus; uMD) overpopulation and supplement the declining non-urban mule deer (nuMD) population in the Kootenay region, British Columbia, Canada. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the health of the urban and nuMD populations by comparing pathogen exposure, body condition scores (BCS) and pregnancy rates, to characterize the health risks associated with the translocation and to investigate the role of infectious diseases in the decline of the nuMD deer population.

Methods
Two hundred free-ranging mule deer were captured in urban and non-urban environments in the Kootenay region from 2014 to 2017. BCS and morphometric examinations were performed for each deer. Blood samples collected from each deer were tested for exposure to selected pathogens and pregnancy status.

Results
Body condition scores averaged 3.4 on a five-point scale, was greater in nuMD, and significantly differed between years. Antibodies were detected for adenovirus hemorrhagic disease virus (38.4% (uMD 43.7%, nuMD 33.3%)), bluetongue virus (0.6% (uMD 1.2%, nuMD 0%)), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (8.4% (uMD 4.6%, nuMD 12.1%)), bovine viral diarrhea virus (1.1% (uMD 0%, nuMD 2.2%)), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (27.0% (uMD 27.6%, nuMD 26.4%)), Neospora caninum (22.1% (uMD 24.4%, nuMD 19.7%)) and Toxoplasma gondii (8.2% (uMD 12.3%, nuMD 3.9%)). No antibodies against epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus were detected. Pregnancy rates did not differ between the two deer populations (90.7% (uMD 90.6%, nuMD 90.9%)). Exposure to N. caninum was associated with a reduced probability of being pregnant. uMD were more likely to be exposed to T. gondii than nuMD.

Discussion
Comparison of BCS, pregnancy rates and pathogen exposure of uMD and nuMD showed that the health of the two populations did not significantly differ, suggesting uMD translocations do not pose a severe risk of pathogen transmission between mule deer populations and that these selected pathogens do not factor in the decline of the nuMD population. However, inclusion of additional health indicators and creation of a robust predictive disease model are warranted to further characterize the health of mule deer and the health risks associated with uMD translocations. These results should be considered as part of a formal risk assessment for future uMD translocations in southeastern British Columbia.