bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive gene expression analysis for exploring the association between glucose metabolism and differentiation of thyroid cancer
Authors: Suh Hoon Young , Choi Hongyoon , Paeng Jin Chul , Cheon Gi Jeong , Chung June-Key , Kang Keon Wook 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The principle of loss of iodine uptake and increased glucose metabolism according to dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer is clinically assessed by imaging. Though these biological properties are widely applied to appropriate iodine therapy, the understanding of the genomic background of this principle is still lacking. We investigated the association between glucose metabolism and differentiation in advanced thyroid cancer as well as papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods: We used RNA sequencing of PTC obtained from the Cancer Genome Archives and microarray data of poorly-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer (PDTC/ATC). The signatures of GLUT and glycolysis were estimated to assess glucose metabolic profiles. The glucose metabolic profiles were associated with tumor differentiation score (TDS) and BRAFV600E mutation status. In addition, survival analysis of glucose metabolic profiles was performed for predicting recurrence-free survival. Results: In PTC, the glycolysis signature was positively correlated with TDS, while the GLUT signature was inversely correlated with TDS. These correlations were significantly stronger in the BRAFV600E negative group than the positive group. Meanwhile, both GLUT and glycolysis signatures were negatively correlated with TDS in advanced thyroid cancer. The high glycolysis signature was significantly associated with poor prognosis in PTC in spite of high TDS. The glucose metabolic profiles are intricately associated with tumor differentiation in PTC and PDTC/ATC. Conclusions: As glycolysis was an independent prognostic marker, we suggest that the glucose metabolism features of thyroid cancer could be another biological progression marker different from differentiation and provide clinical implications for risk stratification.
Prevalence and Etiological Agents for Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Hospital in Tanzania.
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Ntunaguzi Daudi , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Mapondella Kassim Babu , Massawe Enica Richard , Nkuwi Emmanuel James , Nkya Aslam 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: Chronic suppurative otitis media is among the most common otological condition reported in otorhinolaryngology practice commonly attributing to preventable hearing loss. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiological agents for chronic suppurative otitis media in our department.
Results: A total of 5591 patients were recruited in this study and only 79 (1.4%) had chronic suppurative otitis media. A male preponderance 43 (54.4%) was noted in this study and the left ear (58.2%) was more commonly affected compared to the right ear. Central perforation was the commonest pattern of presentation and was reported in 53% of cases though none had attic perforation. Of the 81 processed ear swabs, microbial growth was seen in majority 80 (98.8%) whilst one sample showed no microbial growth whereas 52.5% had polymicrobial growth.
Among the isolates, most were gram negative species accounting for 59.7% while gram positive bacteria accounted for 25.6% and fungi accounted for 14.7%. Most of these isolates were facultative anaerobes. Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.2%) was the commonest isolates while Escherchia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were equally least isolated (10.9%). Tested isolates were most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone and Amikacin and least sensitive to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Ampicillin.
Development and Validation of a Chinese Parental Health Literacy Questionnaire for Caregivers of Children 0 to 3 Years Old
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Mu , Jiang Hong , Shi Huijing , Xu Biao , Atkins Salla , Qian Xu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Given the limited information on parental health literacy measurements, the study aimed to develop and validate the Chinese Parental Health Literacy Questionnaire for caregivers of children 0 to 3 years old.
Methods We conducted a validity and reliability study of the questionnaire through a cross-sectional survey and test-retest analysis respectively between March and April 2017. We recruited 807 caregivers of children 0 to 3 years old, among them 101 caregivers completed the test-retest assessment with two weeks interval. The reliability was determined by internal consistency, spilt-half reliability and test-retest reliability. The construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis.
Results The 39-question Chinese Parental Health Literacy Questionnaire was demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.89), spilt-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient=0.92) and test-retest reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.82). The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the construct of the questionnaire fitted well with the hypothetical model. The participants’ test scores of the Chinese Parental Health Literacy Questionnaire in the cross-sectional survey were positively associated with caregivers being mothers, more educated, the children with Shanghai Hukou , having only one child in the family, and higher family income.
Conclusion The Chinese Parental Health Literacy Questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity, which could potentially be used as an effective evaluation instrument to assess parental health literacy.
Congenital Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformation: Systematic review of the literature
Authors: Yang Gang , Chen Lina , Xu Chang , Yuan Miao , Li Yuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : Congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) is a rare congenital malformation involving both the digestive and respiratory system. Early diagnosis is difficult, and delayed recognition may result in considerable complications. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the clinical characteristics and radiological features of CBPFMs.
Methods : A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Ovid database, EMBASE were searched for relevant publications to identify all published case-reports of CBPFM since 1992. Data about the demography, clinical presentation, pathology, imaging features, treatment and prognosis were collected.
Results : Sixty-one cases were included in our study. Cases were aged from 1 day to 59 years with the majority aged 3 years or younger. The most common type was group III (37.7%), followed by group II (29.5%)，group I (27.9%) and group IV (4.9%). The presentations included respiratory distress (32.8%), cough/choking following food intake and other presentations associated respiratory infection. Thirty-eight cases (62.3%) were diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal series (UGI). Misdiagnosis was common. Eight cases (13.1%) of the included cases died.
Conclusions : Early recognition and extensive delineation of the anatomy of CBPFM are important to correct these anomalies successfully. UGI is the first choice to confirm the abnormal bronchus communicating with the esophagus. Resection of abnormal pulmonary tissue, lobe or even unilateral lung is preferred. Reconstruction procedures are feasible in selected patients.
Maternal Complication Related To Instrumental Delivery At Felege Hiwot Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: zewudie shimeles biru , sewyew Dagne Addisu , limenh Simachew kassa , bante Simachew animen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: The study aimed to determine proportion and risk factors for maternal complication related to forceps and vacuum delivery among mother who gave birth at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (FHCSH).
Results: Records of 406 mothers managed with instrumental vaginal delivery were reviewed and 97% of the reviewed card had complete documentation. The proportion of maternal complications related to instrumental delivery was 12.1%. A major complication of forceps assisted delivery was 2nd-degree perineal tear (7.4%), 3rd-degree perineal tear (1.5%), cervical tear (1.5%) and episiotomy extension (1%). However, the complication of vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery was only cervical tear (0.5%) and episiotomy extension (0.5%). Episiotomy during instrumental delivery reduce maternal complication by 86% [AOR=0.14, 95%CI=0.07-0.3]. Forceps assisted vaginal delivery had 3.4 times more risk for maternal complication compared to vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery [AOR=3.4, 95%CI=1.08-10.67] and the same is true for primiparity that primipara women who gave birth by the help of instrument had 3.5 times more risk for maternal complication compared to a multipara women [AOR=3.5, 95%CI=1.26-9.98].
Keywords: maternal complication, instrumental delivery, northwest, Ethiopia
The association between magnitude of T-SPOT.TB and clinical characteristics in active pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective multicenter investigation
Authors: Chang Yunqing , Kang Wanli , Wu Meiying , Ertai A , Wu Shucai , Li Zhihui , Geng Shujun , Li Mingwu , Li Liang , Tang Shenjie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between magnitude of T-SPOT.TB and clinical characteristics in active pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: In this retrospective multicenter investigation, the medical records’ archives of PTB patients were reviewed. Data including gender, age group, bacterial culture, sputum-smear microscopy, lung cavity and range of PTB were extracted from the records. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test and chi-square test for trend were used to evaluate the association between magnitude of T-SPOT.TB and clinical characteristics in active pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results: A total of 1252 PTB patients were included in this study.Chi-square trend tests revealed significant positive trends between bacterial culture and magnitude of T-SPOT.TB A (χ2 =18.978, P <0.001) or T-SPOT.TB B (χ2 =19.677, P <0.001). There were significant positive trends between AFB and magnitude of T-SPOT.TB A (TJT =345784, P <0.001) or T-SPOT.TB B (TJT =336017, P <0.001). There was a significant positive trend between range of lung cavity and magnitude of T-SPOT.TB A (TJT =326079.5, P =0.023). There were significant negative trends between age group and magnitude of T-SPOT.TB A (TJT =204306, P <0.001) or T-SPOT.TB B (TJT =206572, P <0.001).
Conclusions: The magnitude of T-SPOT.TB in PTB patients may reflect the condition of the patients and could be helpful for clinicians to assess the degree of infection and lung tissue damage.
The Influence Of The Infusion Of Ephedrine And Phenylephrine On The Hemodynamic Stability After Subarachnoid Anesthesia In Senior Adults - A Contolled Randomized Trial
Authors: Žunić Miodrag Vojislav , Škvarč Nevenka Krčevski , Kamenik Mirt 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
ABSTRACT Study objective: We studied the influence of ephedrine or phenylephrine infusion given immediately after spinal anesthesia (SA) on hemodynamics in elderly orthopedic patients. Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Intervention: After subarachnoid injection of 15 mg of levobupivacaine the participants received either an infusion of ephedrine 20 mg (E group), phenylephrine 250 mcg (P group) or saline (C group) within 30 minutes. For 15 minutes before and and 30 minutes after SA we measured blood pressure, cardiac index (CI) and heart rate (HR). Results 70 patients were included in the final analysis. At the end of measurements mean arterial pressure decreased significantly after SA in comparison to baseline in the C group but was maintained in the P and the E group, with no significant differences between the groups. CI decreased after SA in the C group was maintained in the P group and increased significantly in the E group, with significant differences between the C and the E group (p=0.049) and between the P and the E (p=0.01) group at the end of measurements. HR decreased significantly after SA in the C and the P group and was maintained in the E group, with significant differences between the P and the E group (p=0.033) at the end of measurements. Conclusions Hemodynamic changes after SA in elderly orthopedic patients can be prevented by an immediate infusion of phenylephrine or ephedrine. In addition to maintaining blood pressure the ephedrine infusion also maintains HR and increases CI after spinal anaesthesia. Key words: spinal anesthesia, hemodynamic stability, phenylephrine, ephedrine Trial registration: ISRCTN registry ISRCTN44377602. Registered on 15 June 2017.
The Association between the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer. A Meta-Analysis and systematic review.
Authors: Liang Zhen , Zhu Jun , Duo Xiaoxin , Shi Shangheng , Xu Yawei , Yang Yongjiao , Hu Rui , Song Yuxuan , An Neng , Liu Xiaoqiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is widely being applied in men who suffered from prostate cancer, our aim is to evaluate whether ADT is associated with an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Method : Literature search in electronic databases was conducted until July 2019 for observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) to select eligible studies. The relationship was evaluated through estimating relative risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Result : A statistically significant association was detected for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with RR = 1.22; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.05–1.43; P< 0.05 including a total of 142,012 cases and 174,099 controls. Significant relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and ADT was also observed, with summary RR=1.19; 95%CI, 1.03-1.38, from 157,165 ADT users and 375,754 non-ADT users.

Conclusions : From this study, ADT is associated with increased risk of AMI, CHD, and heart failure (HF); in contrast, this association is not detected in sudden cardiac death (SCD); various modalities of ADT could significantly increase the risk of CHD, AMI, except for oral anti-androgen (AA). Our meta-analysis also suggests that the long-term application of ADT in prostate cancer patients would not result in a significant increase in AMI incidence compared with short-term. Moreover, the combined application of AA and GnRH agonists would lead to a similar risk of AMI compared with orchiectomy or GnRH agonists monotherapy whereas higher risk of CHD was detected when compared GnRH agonists plus AA with orchiectomy.
Possible beneficial association between renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system blockade usage and graft prognosis in allograft IgA nephropathy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Park Sehoon , Baek Chung Hee , Go Heounjeong , Kim Young Hoon , Min Sang-il , Ha Jongwon , Kim Yong Chul , Lee Jung Pyo , Kim Yon Su , Moon Kyung Chul , Park Su-Kil , Lee Hajeong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Although immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is associated with a high risk of renal allograft failure, evidences for its treatment, including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade (RAASB) usage, remain limited.
Methods
In this bi-center retrospective cohort study, we included patients who were recently diagnosed with IgAN through allograft biopsies. We identified their 6-month antihypertensive medication prescriptions and investigated the association between the medication types, albuminuria changes, and consequent 5-year death-censored-graft-failure (DCGF). The mixed effect model and cox regression analysis were used.
Results
A total of 464 allograft IgAN patients were included: 272, 38, 33, and 121 patients in the no antihypertensive medication, single agent RAASB, single agent beta blocker (BB)/calcium channel blocker (CCB), and combination therapy groups, respectively. High-degree albuminuria after 6 months of allograft IgAN diagnosis was an important prognostic parameter and a partial mediator for the association between the subgroups and 5-year DCGF. The usage of single RAASB was associated with decrement of albuminuria from allograft diagnosis (P for interaction = 0.03). The single BB/CCB group demonstrated significantly worse prognosis than the single RAASB group (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.76 [1.09-6.98]; P=0.03).
Conclusions
In conclusion, RAASB may be beneficial for graft prognosis in early allograft IgAN patients who require single antihypertensive medication therapy, by means of reducing albuminuria. Further investigation of treatment strategy in allograft IgAN is warranted.
Assessing the variability and predictability of adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin and their ratios) in non-obese and obese women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Obirikorang Christian , Owiredu William K.B.A. , Adu-Afram Sandra , Acheampong Emmanuel , Asamoah Evans Adu , Antwi-Boasiakoh Enoch Kwabena , Owiredu Eddie-Williams 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives: To assess variability and predictability of adiponectin, leptin, resistin and their ratios in non-obese and obese women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (aPCOS).
Results: A total of 52 ovulatory controls (mean age=31.63±4.88 years, BMI=25.33±2.68 kg/m3); 54 non-obese [mean age=32.11±4.25 years, BMI=25.72±2.95 kg/m3] and 50 obese women with aPCOS [mean age= 33.64±4.14 years, BMI=39.19±2.99 kg/m3] were recruited. The aPCOS group had lower adiponectin [13.0(10.49-16.59) vs 18.42(15.72-19.92) µg/ml, p<0.0001], adiponectin: leptin ratio (A:L) [0.60(0.35-0.88) vs 1.19(0.92-1.37), p<0.0001], and adiponectin: resistin ratio (A:R) [0.30(0.21-0.43) vs 0.42(0.32-0.62), p<0.0001] but a higher leptin [20.02(14.54-26.80) vs 16.17(14.51-18.36) ng/ml, p<0.0001] and leptin: resistin ratio (L:R) [0.53(0.37-0.82) vs 0.40(0.27-0.48), p<0.0001] compared to the controls. The obese aPCOS group had lower adiponectin [11.04(5.66-13.25) vs 14.18(11.04-18.02), p<0.0001 and 18.42(15.72-19.92) µg/ml, p<0.0001], A:L [0.36(0.27-0.44) vs 0.78(0.61-1.16), p<0.0001 and 1.19(0.92-1.37), p<0.0001], and A:R [0.24(0.17-0.38) vs 0.40(0.23-0.58), p<0.0001 and 0.42(0.32-0.62), p<0.0001] but a higher leptin [26.80(14.28-32.09) vs 17.95(14.86-21.26), p<0.05 and 16.17(14.51-18.36) ng/ml, p<0.0001] and L:R [0.63(0.46-1.03) vs 0.41(0.30-0.61), p<0.0001 and 0.40(0.27-0.48), p<0.0001] compared to the non-obese aPCOS and control group, respectively. A:L showed the best discriminatory power in predicting aPCOS (AUC=0.83), followed by adiponectin alone (AUC=0.79), L:R and leptin alone (both AUC=0.69). Resistin alone had the poorest discriminatory power (AUC=0.48).
Comparison of four pharmacological strategies aimed to prevent the lung inflammation and paraquat-induced alveolar damage
Authors: Buendia Jefferson A. , Castro José Armando Justinico , Vela Laura Tapia , Sinisterra Dennis , Villamil Juana Patricia Sanchez , Salazar Andres Felipe Zuluaga 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective : The aim of this study was to compare in vivo effect of five pharmacological options on inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat. Methods: 54 Wistar SPF rats were used. After 2 hours post-intoxication with paraquat ion, groups of 9 animals were randomly assigned to : (1) cyclophosphamide plus dexamethasone (2) low molecular weight heparin (3) unfractionated heparin (4) vitamin C every 24 h , (v) atorvastatin or (vi) placebo with intraperitoneal saline .Lung inflammation, alveolar injury, hepatocyte damage, hepatic regeneration, acute tubular necrosis and kidney congestion were evaluated. Results: In the control group 100% of animals presented moderate and severe lung inflammation, while in the groups with atorvastatin and intratracheal heparin this proportion was lower (55.5% ; CI 26.6 – 81.3%) (p = 0.025). A lower degree of moderate or severe hepatic regeneration was evident in the treatment groups with atorvastatin (p = 0.009). In this study was demonstrated that statins and heparin may have a protective effect in the paraquat-induced destructive phase. More evidence are needed to evaluated of dose response effects of these drugs before to study in clinical trials.
Utilization, Equity and Determinants of Full Antenatal Care in India: Analysis from the National Family Health Survey 4
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Choudhary Tarun Shankar , Srivast Akanksha , Updhyay Ravi Praksah , Taneja Sunita , Bahl Rajiv , Martines Jose , Bhan Maharaj Kishan , Bhandari Nita , Mazumder Sarmila 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives: We examined the utilisation, equity and determinants of full antenatal care (ANC), defined as 4 or more antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and consumption of iron folic acid (IFA) for a minimum of 100 days, in India.
Methods: We analysed a sample of 190,898 women from India's National Family Health Survey 4. Concentration curves and concentration index were used to assess equity in full ANC utilisation. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the factors associated with full ANC utilization.
Results: In India, 21% of pregnant women utilised full ANC, ranging from 2.3% - 65.9% across states. Overall, 51.6% had 4 or more ANC visits, 30.8% consumed IFA for atleast 100 days, and 91.1% had one or more doses of tetanus toxoid. Registration of pregnancy, utilisation of government’s Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and health insurance coverage were associated with higher odds of full ANC utilisation. Lower maternal education, lower wealth quintile(s), lack of father’s participation during antenatal visits, higher birth order, teenage and unintended pregnancy were associated with lower odds of full ANC utilisation. Full ANC utilisation was inequitable across area of residence, caste and maternal education.
Conclusions: Full ANC utilization in India was inadequate and inequitable. Although half of the women did not receive the minimum recommended ANC visits, the utilisation of TT immunisation was almost universal. The positive association of full ANC with ICDS utilisation and child’s father involvement may be leveraged for increasing the uptake of full ANC. Strategies to address the socio-demographic factors associated with low and inequitable utilisation of full ANC are imperative for strengthening India’s maternal health program.

Key words: Antenatal care, India, NFHS-4
Protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu leaf for high resolution two dimensional gel electrophoresis and comparative proteomics
Authors: Nisar Mehvish , Hussain Hasnain 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the best protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the comparative analysis. Results To perform good proteome research, the most critical step is to establish a method that gives the best quality of extracted total proteins. To develop an optimized protein extraction protocol for two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis of Metroxylon sagu, five protein extraction protocols were compared; polyethene glycol (PEG) fractionation method, SDS/phenol method, TCA/acetone method, combination SDS/phenol and TCA/acetone and imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method was found to give the most reproducible gels with the highest number of spots and highest protein concentration followed by SDS/Phenol method. The lowest number of spots were observed in Imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method provides improved resolution and reproducibility of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and reduces the time required to analyze samples. Partitioning rubisco by polyethene glycol (PEG) fractionation provides clearer detection of low-abundance protein. Hence the result from this study propose PEG fractionation as the effective protein extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu.