bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximizing STEM resources for diplomats: A framework for speed, depth, and accuracy
Authors: Voth‐Gaeddert Lee E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the evolving landscape of science diplomacy, frontline diplomats increasingly rely on effective access to STEM knowledge to advance national interests and address global challenges. This paper presents a framework organizations can use for evaluating the approaches and tools available to their frontline diplomats, focusing on three key metrics: response time (speed), content depth and applicability, and consistency in accuracy. By evaluating tools via these metrics, the framework highlights the need for mechanisms that offer quick access to in‐depth and reliable STEM information, thus optimizing diplomatic effectiveness. The study provides examples from the US foreign affairs perspective within categories such as web searches, training programs, and consulting services, identifying opportunities for innovation and improvement. Identifying tools that maximize speed, depth, and accuracy, this framework aims to guide organizations in refining their resources, thereby equipping diplomats with the tools necessary to navigate complex, science‐driven global issues.
Microbiome and nutrient dynamics of organic manures for precision NPK management in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Joseph Babitha , Babu Subramanian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOrganic manure plays an important role in soil fertility, microbial communities and sustainable agricultural strategies. In organic cultivation of crops, manures are mostly used without any calculation of the nutrients added to soil through their application. The quantities of nutrients supplied by the organic manures to the crop have to equalize the quantity of nutrients supplied by inorganic chemical fertilizers, in order to replace chemical fertilizers in organic farming. Since the organic manures release nutrients slowly into the soil over a period of time, the availability of nutrients to the standing crop requires precise estimation. In the present study, the amount of nutrients available in the soil as well as in all the manures was calculated. Moreover, the study included metagenomic analysis of different organic manures used by farmers and gives an insight to the role the microbiome plays in plant growth. Using a formula of STCR‐IPNS (soil test crop response integrated plant nutrition system), the quantities of different combinations of organic manures required to supply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) to sunflower plants were calculated. Organic manure combinations using animal bone meal, neem cake, farmyard manure and vermicompost recorded better growth and yield responses in sunflower plants compared to inorganic chemical fertilizers. Based on the estimation of NPK in the individual manures and in the soil, pot experiments were carried out to understand the effect of organic manures as well as inorganic fertilizers in the vegetative and reproductive growth of sunflower.
Hypoxia‐reduced YAP phosphorylation enhances expression of Mucin5AC in nasal epithelial cells of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Zhong Bing , Liu Jing , Ong Hsiao Hui , Du Jintao , Liu Feng , Liu Yafeng , Ba Luo , Sun Silu , Wang De Yun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an upper respiratory disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the nasal mucosa. However, the mechanism of abnormal Mucin5AC expression by CRSwNP epithelial cells is not fully understood.ObjectiveWe investigated the potential role of yes‐associated protein (YAP) underlying the mechanism of excessive epithelial Mucin5AC expression in CRSwNP in a hypoxic model.MethodsTissue biopsies of CRSwNP (n = 60), chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) (n = 9) and healthy controls (n = 30) were investigated together with a well‐established hypoxic model of primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). The expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α and YAP, and the effect of the signaling axis on mucus secretion in hNECs were analyzed.ResultsWe observed a significant elevated expression levels of YAP in patients with CRSwNP and CRSsNP compared to controls. In addition, HIF‐1α expression of CRSwNP was higher than that of control group. Under hypoxic conditions, HIF‐1α was found to regulate the upregulation of YAP in hNECs. Further investigations revealed that HIF‐1α facilitated the activation and nuclear localization of active‐YAP by reducing the phosphorylation of YAP. This mechanism appeared to be linked to HIF‐1α‐mediated inhibition of LATS 1 phosphorylation and subsequent YAP degradation. HIF‐1α was shown to promote the expression of P63 and the levels of Mucin5AC in hNECs by enhancing YAP activation.ConclusionOur findings indicated that hypoxia enhances YAP activation by decreasing p‐LATS 1 and YAP phosphorylation. This has the potential to impact on the proliferation of basal cells and the differentiation of goblet cells in CRSwNP, ultimately leading to a pathological condition characterized by excessive Mucin5AC expression.
The Lived Experience of People With Intellectual Disability in Community Settings: A Comparison of Self‐Reports and Staff Reports
Authors: Smith Elizabeth , Sumner Petroc , Powell Georgina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a need for more qualitative research focusing on the lived experiences of people with an intellectual disability and a better understanding of how these experiences align with other voices in their lives, such as family and support staff.MethodsIn this qualitative study, we asked people with an intellectual disability (N = 87) and their support workers (N = 120) similar questions about factors contributing positively and negatively to the lives of those with an intellectual disability. We conducted a thematic analysis combining data across respondents, while also identifying areas of similarities and divergence between self‐reports and staff reports. The setting was community‐supported living schemes and group homes in the UK.FindingsQualitative themes, representing key positive and negative factors in the lives of people with an intellectual disability, were (1) Positive impact of social relationships on well‐being, (2) positive impact of participation and roles on self‐determination and well‐being and (3) negative impacts of difficulties affecting day‐to‐day life. These three themes are all linked to a broader sense of identity, purpose and self‐determination. These were broadly consistent across self‐reports and staff reports, although there were some points of divergence, particularly in Theme 3.ConclusionsThese findings reveal areas that are key to maximising the quality of life of people with an intellectual disability and suggest that self‐reports and proxy reports can sometimes offer unique perspectives. Our findings can be used to ensure that the priorities of people with an intellectual disability are considered in their care.
Compound 4a induces paraptosis in liver cancer through endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated by the calreticulin protein
Authors: Wang Chunmiao , Liang Dandan , Shen Xiaoyan , Chen Xuyang , Lai Linfang , Hou Huaxin 
Published: November 2024

Background and PurposeEmerging evidence has highlighted that paraptosis may be an effective strategy for treating liver cancer. In our previous studies, Compound 4a induced paraptosis in cancer cells. Here, the characteristics of Compound 4a–induced paraptosis were further revealed and, for the first time, the target and related molecular mechanisms of Compound 4a–induced paraptosis in liver cancer were defined.Experimental ApproachThe effects and mechanism of Compound 4a in liver cancer cells were studied in in vitro and in vivo (BALB/c‐nude xenograft model) experiments, and the targets of Compound 4a that trigger paraptosis were identified and confirmed via mass spectrometry–based drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) analyses, siRNA experiments and a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). The function and distribution of calreticulin (CRT) protein were detected via Cal‐520 AM and immunofluorescence staining, respectively.Key ResultsCompound 4a effectively induced paraptosis‐like cell death in liver cancer, both in vitro and in vivo, and its effect was comparable with the first‐line anti–liver cancer drug oxaliplatin but with a higher safety profile. We identified the CRT protein as a target of Compound 4a, which caused cellular endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and calcium overload. CRT knockdown weakened the anti–liver cancer activity of Compound 4a, which may be related to the inhibition of paraptosis.ConclusionCompound 4a represents a potentially safe and effective agent for the treatment of liver cancer. The characteristics of Compound 4a–triggered paraptosis was clarified and a unique function of CRT in paraptosis was revealed.
Caregivers' cognitions about infants' mental and emotional states
Authors: Garon‐Bissonnette Julia , Bailes Lauren G. , Kwasneski Kate , Lempres Sarah , Takemoto Sydney , Li Lu , DeLuca Julia , Salo Virginia C. , Humphreys Kathryn L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven the relevance of caregivers' perceptions, cognitions, and emotions about their child's mental states for caregiving behavior and children's development, researchers from multiple theoretical perspectives have developed constructs to assess caregivers' cognitions, resulting in a large but scattered body of literature. In this article, we highlight the conceptual overlap among and uniqueness of six constructs assessing caregivers' cognitions about their child at 36 months and younger: infant intentionality, mental representations, mind‐mindedness, parental embodied mentalizing, parental empathy, and parental reflective functioning. We define constructs, present approaches to measurement, and propose elements of importance that fall under the umbrella of caregivers' cognitions and that may be associated differentially with children's early cognitive and social–emotional development. We conclude with recommendations for researchers aiming to capture caregivers' cognitions about their child's mental states, whether focusing on one of the six reviewed constructs or on specific elements (e.g., awareness of the child's mind or accuracy of caregivers' perceptions of their child) under the umbrella of caregivers' cognitions.
Examining the Impact of Pandemic Stressors on Parental Stress in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Double ABC‐X and Moderated Mediation Model Analysis of Family Mechanisms
Authors: Brik Anis Ben 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated family mechanisms through which pandemic stressors affect parental stress using the Double ABC‐X model of family stress and adaptation. Specifically, this study examines the moderated mediation effects to test the conditional indirect influence of a moderating variable (i.e., family resilience beliefs) on the relationship between a predictor (i.e., stressor pile‐up) and an outcome variable (i.e., stress) through potential mediators (i.e., family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction). The analytic sample included 9269 participants from 10 sub‐Saharan countries. The findings do not support the hypothesis predicting a second‐stage moderating mediation model where family resiliency beliefs would moderate the second‐stage indirect paths of family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction, creating conditional indirect effects. The findings suggest that interventions should involve community‐based programmes that emphasize family support and access to resources while recognizing the complex interplay between family resilience beliefs, cultural values and beliefs of African families.
Operationalisation of post‐COVID condition case definition in a comprehensive research protocol
Authors: Masserini Federico , Nicotra Alessia , Forgione Arianna , Calcaterra Francesca , Perdixi Elena , Di Vito Clara , Carletti Anna , Gallo Chiara , Doneddu Pietro Emiliano , Terenghi Fabrizia , Pomati Simone , Nobile‐Orazio Eduardo , Riva Agostino , Mavilio Domenico , Pantoni Leonardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and purposePost‐COVID‐19 condition (PCC) is a prevalent and high‐burden sequela of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Because of the complexity of its manifestations, PCC case definition currently lacks standardisation and reproducibility. We aimed to devise a simple screening tool to boost reproducibility and comparability of PCC case definition across PCC studies, and to provide a framework in which to reliably identify suspected PCC cases. We also developed a comprehensive assessment protocol based on the most frequently reported PCC characteristics.MethodsWithin a European multi‐centre study and based on the conclusions of a previous systematic review, we devised a checklist to assess the presence of PCC‐associated symptoms and their temporal relationship with COVID‐19.ResultsThe checklist was developed to include three symptom cores (cognitive, psychiatric, and general). For each symptom, onset is assessed within 3 months after COVID‐19 resolution and persistence for at least 2 months. Any symptom fulfilling this criterion is sufficient to prompt suspicion of PCC. At least one symptom is required in the cognitive or psychiatric domains to suspect PCC with neuropsychiatric involvement. Our protocol features an extensive neuropsychological evaluation and self‐administered scales for mood, anxiety, stress‐related symptoms, sleep disorders, quality of life, disability, mental health, and personality traits; scales for quantitative assessment of fatigue and headache are also included.ConclusionsConsistent identification of PCC cases is crucial to correctly include patients in research and clinical studies. We propose a simple, reproducible, and flexible screening tool and a proposal for a comprehensive assessment that could be employed to enhance standardisation and comparability.
The association between marital satisfaction and perceived coparenting in infancy: A longitudinal dyadic approach
Authors: Wusirige  , Liang Xi , Wang Zhengyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHealthy marital relationships and coparenting are vital elements of a well‐functioning family, serving as the foundation for promoting optimal child development. By analyzing four waves of dyadic data collected from 236 Chinese parents during the early years of their child's life, our study sought to (a) examine the links between marital satisfaction and coparenting and (b) explore the actor and partner effects between fathers and mothers by constructing corresponding time‐averaged and time‐specific components of these two variables. Our study revealed that there might be bidirectional associations between marital satisfaction and coparenting. Furthermore, we found that fathers and mothers influence each other in terms of their marital satisfaction and coparenting, both at the average level over time and to some extent at specific time points. This highlights the need for interventions and support programs that address both marital satisfaction and coparenting, as improving one aspect can potentially have a positive impact on the other.
Future Trends in Angler Behavior Based on a Delphi Study in the Nordic Countries
Authors: van den Heuvel Lotte , Aas Øystein , Agnarsson Sveinn , Björkvik Emma , Blicharska Malgorzata , Blyth Samuel , Gundelund Casper , Husa Miikka , Olaussen Jon Olaf , Pellikka Jani , Rönnbäck Patrik , Stensland Stian , Vehanen Teppo , Skov Christian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecreational fisheries are dynamic social‐ecological systems. Identification of anticipated future trends supports the design of policies and management to deliver outcomes for fisheries resources, users, and communities. To this end, we applied a forecasting method (i.e., Delphi survey) to recreational fisheries in five Nordic countries. The survey consisted of three rounds and included 20 diverse experts from each country. The study focused on expert perceptions of future trends in angler behaviors linked to specific angling activities (e.g., gear used, species targeted), and more general behavior (e.g., social media use, stewardship). Experts unanimously expected increases in fly fishing, stewardship, and use of angling‐related technologies and social media platforms in the upcoming decade. Results can guide future research, management, and collaboration related to recreational fishing in the Nordic countries and beyond.
Association between cardiovascular disease risk and sarcopenia in community‐dwelling Japanese older adults
Authors: Nishimoto Kazuhei , Tsutsumimoto Kota , Nakakubo Sho , Kiuchi Yuto , Misu Yuka , Ohata Tomoka , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2024

AimSarcopenia's high prevalence in older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) suggests that the risk of comorbidity in sarcopenia might also be increased during the at‐risk phase of CVD. However, the relationship between CVD risk and sarcopenia has not been elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the association between CVD risk and sarcopenia in community‐dwelling Japanese older adults.MethodsThe participants in this cross‐sectional study included 14 923 community‐dwelling Japanese older adults (mean age 73.2 ± 5.6 years). The present study estimated the CVD risk using the revised World Health Organization risk chart, and classified CVD risk into “low” (<10%) and “mid‐high” (≥10%). Assessments of sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength and gait speed were measured based on the clinical definitions.ResultsAmong the participants, 654 people (4.4%) had sarcopenia, and 4857 (32.6%) had CVD mid‐high risk. A multiple logistic model showed that the CVD mid‐high risk was associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–1.89). In addition, CVD mid‐high risk was associated with low muscle mass (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.50–2.01), low muscle strength (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.14–1.37) and slow gait speed (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.27) in the adjusted model.ConclusionsAmong community‐dwelling older adults, high or moderate CVD risk was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. Our findings could help identify older adults with a future high risk for sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1328–1334.
Moral sensitivity, spiritual care perception, and compassion fatigue of nurses caring for earthquake victims
Authors: Karaca Turkan , Aydin Ozkan Semiha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundTwo major earthquakes occurred within 10 hours in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023, which resulted in thousands of deaths and injured people within Turkey.AimTo determine the relationship between moral sensitivity, spiritual care perception, and compassion fatigue among nurses caring for earthquake victims.MethodsThe study population consisted of 483 nurses working in public, private, and university hospitals in earthquake‐affected areas in Turkey. The sociodemographic characteristics form, moral sensitivity questionnaire, spirituality and spiritual care rating scale, and compassion fatigue short scale were used for data collection.ResultsThere was a statistically significant negative relationship between nurses' moral sensitivity and compassion fatigue; in other words, as compassion fatigue increases, nurses' moral sensitivity decreases. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between nurses' perception of spiritual care and their compassion fatigue; in other words, as compassion fatigue increases, nurses' perception of spirituality and spiritual care decreases.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into moral sensitivity, perceptions of spiritual care, and compassion fatigue among nurses caring for earthquake victims.Implications for nursing and health policyMinimizing nurses' compassion fatigue improves quality patient care, increases patient and employee satisfaction, and maintains commitment to the profession. To achieve this goal, it is essential to offer in‐service training, conferences, or seminar programs to nurses focused on fostering a sense of compassion. Nurses should be provided with environments that will improve their self‐care, and institutional policies and strategies should be developed to cope effectively with this situation.
Integration analysis using bioinformatics and experimental validation on cellular signalling for sex differences of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kuang Hongyu , Xu Yanping , Liu Guangliang , Wu Yuhao , Gong Zhiyan , Yin Yuehui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere is a paucity of research examining the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences of clinical phenotypes and the prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The dataset GSE36961 was retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and comprehensive bioinformatics was employed to identify the core genes linked to sex differences in HCM patients. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to detect downstream signalling pathways. Furthermore, experimental validation was carried out using hearts from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). A comprehensive analysis revealed the identification of 208 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in female patients with HCM with a notable downregulation of seven core genes. Notably, there were sex differences in the expression of ras dexamethasone‐induced protein 1 (RASD1) and myosin 6 (MYH6) in HCM. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and GSEA demonstrated an enrichment of autophagy‐related processes in disease progression in HCM females. Specifically, spearman's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) and RASD1 levels, particularly among female patients (R = 0.569, p < 0.001). Additionally, animal models confirmed that cardiac hypertrophy was more pronounced in SHR females compared to males. SHR females exhibited lower mRNA and protein expressions of RASD1 and NAMPT, which were associated with impaired autophagy. In this study, bioinformatics and validation using external data sets and animal models of left ventricular hypertrophy suggested that the RASD1/NAMPT axis is potentially a crucial mechanism underlying the elevated risk of cardiovascular disorders in HCM females, also pointing potentially prognostic biomarkers.
The development of a dyadic family life review intervention for the Asian diaspora: A practice article
Authors: Chou Fred , Black Tim , Huang Carmen , Tran Adam , Yan Macayla , Boothroyd Sydney 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntergenerational family conflict is a commonly identified issue in the Asian diaspora; however, there are limited interventions designed to address this concern. Given this gap in the literature, the authors present a practice article outlining the conceptualization, development, and delivery of a dyadic life review intervention called (Re)Cultivating Family Stories (RFS). RFS is a clinician‐facilitated family intervention designed to promote connection and foster successive communication through the joint activity of developing a family story. Life review is a structured approach for reminiscing and evaluating one's life experiences and includes dyadic variants. RFS builds on dyadic life review by facilitating collaborative dialogs between a parent and adult offspring, incorporating culturally responsive elements, and focusing on developing family stories. This article provides an overview of the intervention and its theoretical foundations, along with formative feedback from a field test. Considerations for future implementation and research directions are described.