bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysosomal storage disorders: pathology within the lysosome and beyond
Authors: Kielian Tammy 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis Preface introduces the articles of the special issue on “Lysosomal Storage Disorders” in which several recognized experts provide an overview of this research field. Lysosomes were first described in the 1950s and recognized for their role in substrate degradation and recycling. Because lysosomes impact numerous fundamental homeostatic processes, research on lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) is crucial to advance our understanding of this intriguing organelle. This Special Issue highlights some of the LSDs that impact the central nervous system (CNS) as well as comprehensive overviews of lysosomal biology, CNS metabolism, and sphingolipid biosynthesis and turnover, all of which are critical toward our understanding of normal lysosomal function and how this is perturbed in the context of LSDs.imageThis is the Preface for the special issue “Lysosomal Storage Disorders”.Cover Image for this issue: doi:10.1111/jnc.14496.
Nurse–Family Communication During and After Family Meetings in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Pecanac Kristen , King Barbara 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeTo explore nurse–family communication during and after family meetings.DesignA cross‐sectional study in which 36 family meetings were audio‐recorded in two intensive care units in an urban, community hospital.MethodsData were analyzed using conversation analysis, a qualitative method.FindingsNurses spoke during 10 (28%) of the family meetings. During the family meetings, nurses mostly self‐selected to take a turn by interrupting a physician or family member, finishing their sentences, responding to questions, and, in one instance, asking a question. Nurses were mostly selected as the next speaker to address logistical issues, but were also asked questions. Most of nurses’ turns were short and simple, and aimed to provide clarification, reassurance, and information regarding the patient's status. Immediately after the family meetings, nurses offered to provide family members clarification or gestures of empathy, but these offers were met with resistance from family members.ConclusionsDespite calls for nurses to take a more active role in surrogate decision making, nurses minimally participated during family meetings. Empowering nurses to share their expertise is one solution for nurses to contribute during family meetings. Further research is needed to explore nurse–family bedside interactions to improve our understanding of the nurse's role in the surrogate decision‐making process.Clinical RelevanceFindings from this exploration of nurse communication during and after family meetings can inform how nurses may best assist families during surrogate decision making in the intensive care unit.
Transdermal absorption of active substances from cosmetic vehicles
Authors: Pavlačková Jana , Egner Pavlína , Polašková Jana , Hojerová Jarmila , Pinďáková Lucie , Mokrejš Pavel , Varaďová Vendula 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundCosmetic products mean any substance or mixture intended to be placed in contact with the external parts of the human body (eg, epidermis, lips) and should not pass to the lower parts and penetrate to the skin. As a part of evaluation of cosmetic safety, the transdermal absorption of substances should be investigated.Materials and MethodsIn vitro absorption was investigated with Franz diffusion cells on untreated porcine skin and specimens of the same treated with 15%wt. SLS. The integrity of the skin was discerned by gauging transdermal electrical conductivity (TEC), the concentration of caffeine absorbed by the samples of skin membrane by liquid chromatography, which took place by applying an emulsion and/or a gel containing active hydration agents (urea, sodium hyaluronate, and sericin).ResultsThe greatest extent of caffeine penetration was seen for pretreatment with just SLS; similar results were in skin treated with the base gel with 10%wt. urea. In the skin treated with the base emulsion only, the amount of caffeine absorbed was twofold less; this increased after adding the active hydration substances. The values measured for TEC corresponded with the amount of caffeine absorbed.ConclusionThe gel proved to be the more potent vehicle for the active ingredient, as it demonstrated greater transdermal caffeine penetration than the emulsions, correlating with the degree of damage to the skin as detected by TEC.
Factors influencing caregiver burden in families of hospitalised patients with lung cancer
Authors: Seo Ye Ji , Park Heeok 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate the factors influencing caregiver burden in families of hospitalised lung cancer patients.BackgroundEven though cancer symptoms among hospitalised lung cancer patients are serious and negatively affect caregivers, few research regarding to the factors of caregiver burden in hospitalised lung cancer patient has been carried out.DesignCross‐sectional, descriptive and correlational study.MethodsA convenience sample of hospitalised lung cancer patients (n = 107) was recruited from K University hospital in South Korea. Family depression, social support and caregiver burden as well as patients’ lung cancer symptoms were measured using peer‐reviewed and standard measurement tools. Descriptive statistics and parametric tests including stepwise regression were used to analyse the data. The STROBE guideline has been used to report this study.ResultsCaregiver burden among the families of hospitalised lung cancer patients was high; the regression model for caregiver burden among participants’ families was significant. Depression among families was found to be the most influential factor for caregiver burden, followed by patients’ lung cancer symptoms.ConclusionsThis study revealed that family caregivers’ depression and patients’ lung cancer symptoms were the most significant factors for families’ caregiver burden. Future research should be conducted to identify the causes of depression among families of hospitalised lung cancer patients and develop management programmes to address such causes. It is also necessary to investigate the causes of increased caregiver burden that differentiate families of lung cancer patients from other cancer patients and provide education to help such families understand such causes.Relevance to clinical practiceFindings from this study show that family's depression and lung cancer symptoms were significant factors for caregivers’ burden. Hence, it is suggested for the healthcare providers to find for the best solution/strategies to reduce the caregiver's burden.
Design and evaluation of an assertiveness communication training programme for nursing students
Authors: Omura Mieko , Levett‐Jones Tracy , Stone Teresa E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsThe aims of this paper are to (a) outline the design and implementation of an evidence‐based assertiveness communication workshop for Japanese nursing students; and (b) report on the evaluation of nursing students’ satisfaction with the workshop using the Satisfaction with Assertiveness Communication Training Program Survey.BackgroundA body of research attests to the relationship between assertive communication and patient safety. This paper reports the design and evaluation of an assertiveness communication training programme designed to enhance students’ ability to communicate safety in clinical practice.DesignA culturally appropriate and evidence‐based assertiveness communication workshop, informed by Gagne's instructional design principles, was implemented for third‐year nursing students in two Japanese higher educational institutions in December 2017. A descriptive study design was used to evaluate the workshop.MethodsStudents’ perceptions of the workshop were evaluated using the Satisfaction with Assertiveness Communication Training Program Survey, which includes ten items that are rated using a 5‐point Likert scale from strongly disagree [1] to strongly agree [5]. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The Revised Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE 2.0) guidelines were used in the reporting of this study.ResultsA total of 111 students from a population of 150 participated in the study giving a response rate of 74%. The overall mean satisfaction score was 4.12 indicating a high level of agreement with each of the survey items. With the exception of two items, the mean scores were above 4.0. “Confidence in using assertiveness communication skills” and “Utilising role‐plays to practice learnt skills” received mean scores of 3.71 and 3.90, respectively.ConclusionGiven the compelling research about the importance of assertive communication in health care, the results from this study support continuing investment in assertiveness communication training programmes for nursing students.Relevance to clinical practiceAssertive communication is an essential communication skill for safe nursing practice. Culturally appropriate assertiveness communication training programmes are of particular relevance in hierarchical healthcare contexts.
Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experiences among COPD patients with comorbid gastrooesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Lin Yu‐Huei , Tsai Chen‐Liang , Tsao Lee‐Ing , Jeng Chii 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore perceptions of experience exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with comorbid gastrooesophageal reflux disease by focusing on unravelling how patients differentiate and react to symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and gastrooesophageal reflux disease.BackgroundWhile gastrooesophageal reflux disease has been suggested to be a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, no study has explored perceptions of the symptoms leading up to severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease events among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with comorbid gastrooesophageal reflux disease.DesignQualitative design.MethodsThe analysis was performed in accordance with principles of Grounded Theory methodology. Data were collected via semi‐structured interviews from 12 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with endoscopy‐diagnosed gastrooesophageal reflux disease who had experienced a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation with hospitalisation. Appraisal and analysis using consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist were undertaken.ResultsThe core category of this study was the ineffective management of exacerbation symptoms, which was associated with perceived symptoms pre‐exacerbation which contained three overlapping categories of symptom presentation experienced, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease‐related coping strategies, high anxiety and a sense of helplessness in disease management.ConclusionsPatients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with comorbid gastrooesophageal reflux disease presented with some distinctly different atypical symptoms yet used common respiratory symptom management strategies. Patients and practitioners alike need to be more aware of the possibility of other symptoms such as nonspecific symptoms being clues of exacerbation onset for a more effective intervention.Relevance to clinical practiceThe medical community needs to educate patients to understand and manage not only chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but also gastrooesophageal reflux disease symptoms so that they are better able to identify the cause of their symptoms, treat them appropriately and seek out medical assistance when necessary.
Paediatric emergency department presentations due to feeding tube complications in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Wong Ai‐Lynn , Meehan Elaine , Babl Franz E , Reid Susan M , Catto‐Smith Anthony , Williams Katrina , Reddihough Dinah S 
Published: January 2019

AimTo describe the characteristics of emergency department (ED) presentations due to complications from gastrostomy or gastrojejunal feeding tubes among children with cerebral palsy (CP), the complexity of complications and the management approaches taken.MethodsThe Victorian CP Register was linked to the ED databases of Victoria's two tertiary paediatric hospitals, and data on presentations due to feeding tube complications were identified based on discharge diagnosis codes. Additional data on presentations were extracted from medical records.ResultsOver 5 years, there were 234 ED presentations due to feeding tube‐related complaints among a CP cohort (n = 2183). ED notes were located for 183 of the 234 presentations. The majority of presentations (90%) involved children with severe gross motor impairment. A total of 46% of presentations (n = 84) was triaged as lower urgency, and 68% (n = 124) took place between 08:00 am and 06:00 pm. The most common presenting complaint was tube dislodgement (n = 105; 70%). No investigations were recorded in the majority of cases, and in almost 90% of cases, the feeding tube was successfully replaced in the ED, usually by an ED physician (n = 74) and less frequently by a surgeon (n = 9), gastroenterologist (n = 2) or nurse (n = 8); 9% (n = 17) resulted in a hospital admission.ConclusionsMost ED presentations due to feeding tube complaints in children with CP are in children with severe gross motor impairment but are able to be managed in the ED. As such, it is likely that care givers and other health professionals could manage some of the complications experienced in primary health‐care settings closer to home.
Melatonin suppression is exquisitely sensitive to light and primarily driven by melanopsin in humans
Authors: Prayag Abhishek S. , Najjar Raymond P. , Gronfier Claude 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionLight elicits a range of non‐visual responses in humans. Driven predominantly by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), but also by rods and/or cones, these responses include melatonin suppression. A sigmoidal relationship has been established between melatonin suppression and light intensity; however, photoreceptoral involvement remains unclear.Methods and ResultsIn this study, we first modelled the relationships between alpha‐opic illuminances and melatonin suppression using an extensive dataset by Brainard and colleagues. Our results show that (a) melatonin suppression is better predicted by melanopic illuminance compared to other alpha‐opic illuminances, (b) melatonin suppression is predicted to occur at levels as low as ~1.5 melanopic lux (melanopsin‐weighted irradiance 0.2 µW/cm2), (c) saturation occurs at 305 melanopic lux (melanopsin‐weighted irradiance 36.6 µW/cm2). We then tested this melanopsin‐weighted illuminance‐response model derived from Brainard and colleagues' data and show that it predicts equally well melatonin suppression data from our laboratory, although obtained using different intensities and exposure duration.DiscussionTogether, our findings suggest that melatonin suppression by monochromatic lights is predominantly driven by melanopsin and that it can be initiated at extremely low melanopic lux levels in experimental conditions. This emphasizes the concern of the non‐visual impacts of low light intensities in lighting design and light‐emitting devices.
Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives
Authors: Gieselmann Annika , Ait Aoudia Malik , Carr Michelle , Germain Anne , Gorzka Robert , Holzinger Brigitte , Kleim Birgit , Krakow Barry , Kunze Anna E. , Lancee Jaap , Nadorff Michael R. , Nielsen Tore , Riemann Dieter , Sandahl Hinuga , Schlarb Angelika A. , Schmid Carolin , Schredl Michael , Spoormaker Victor I. , Steil Regina , van Schagen Annette M. , Wittmann Lutz , Zschoche Maria , Pietrowsky Reinhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis consensus paper provides an overview of the state of the art in research on the aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder and outlines further perspectives on these issues. It presents a definition of nightmares and nightmare disorder followed by epidemiological findings, and then explains existing models of nightmare aetiology in traumatized and non‐traumatized individuals. Chronic nightmares develop through the interaction of elevated hyperarousal and impaired fear extinction. This interplay is assumed to be facilitated by trait affect distress elicited by traumatic experiences, early childhood adversity and trait susceptibility, as well as by elevated thought suppression and potentially sleep‐disordered breathing. Accordingly, different treatment options for nightmares focus on their meaning, on the chronic repetition of the nightmare or on maladaptive beliefs. Clinically, knowledge of healthcare providers about nightmare disorder and the delivery of evidence‐based interventions in the healthcare system is discussed. Based on these findings, we highlight some future perspectives and potential further developments of nightmare treatments and research into nightmare aetiology.
Assessing Children's Understanding of Complex Syntax: A Comparison of Two Methods
Authors: Frizelle Pauline , Thompson Paul , Duta Mihaela , Bishop Dorothy V. M. 
Published: January 2019

We examined the effect of two methods of assessment—multiple‐choice sentence–picture matching and an animated sentence‐verification task—on typically developing children's understanding of relative clauses. A sample of children between the ages of 3 years 6 months and 4 years 11 months took part in the study (N = 103). Results indicated that (a) participants performed better on the sentence‐verification than on the multiple‐choice task independently of age, (b) each testing method revealed a different hierarchy of constructions, and (c) the impact of testing method on participants’ performance was greater for some constructions than others. Our results suggest that young children can understand complex sentences when they are presented in a manner that better reflects how people process language in natural discourse. These results have implications for the study of language comprehension in suggesting that results from multiple‐choice tasks may not generalize to other methods.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded an Open Data badge. All data are publicly accessible via the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/27gwb. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Antibiotic disturbance affects aquatic microbial community composition and food web interactions but not community resilience
Authors: Eckert Ester M. , Quero Grazia M. , Di Cesare Andrea , Manfredini Giuliana , Mapelli Francesca , Borin Sara , Fontaneto Diego , Luna Gian Marco , Corno Gianluca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNotwithstanding the fundamental role that environmental microbes play for ecosystem functioning, data on how microbes react to disturbances are still scarce, and most factors that confer stability to microbial communities are unknown. In this context, antibiotic discharge into the environment is considered a worldwide threat for ecosystems with potential risks to human health. We therefore tested resilience of microbial communities challenged by the presence of an antibiotic. In a continuous culture experiment, we compared the abundance, composition and diversity of microbial communities undisturbed or disturbed by the constant addiction of tetracycline in low (10 µg/L) or intermediate (100 µg/L) concentration (press disturbance). Further, the bacterial communities in the three treatments had to face the sudden pulse disturbance of adding an allochthonous bacterium (Escherichia coli). Tetracycline, even at low concentrations, affected microbial communities by changing their phylogenetic composition and causing cell aggregation. This, however, did not coincide with a reduced microbial diversity, but was mainly caused by a shift in dominance of specific bacterial families. Moreover, the less disturbed community (10 µg/L tetracycline) was sometimes more similar to the control and sometimes more similar to heavily disturbed community (100 µg/L tetracycline). All in all, we could not see a pattern where the communities disturbed with antibiotics were less resilient to a second disturbance introducing E. coli, but they seemed to be able to buffer the input of the allochthonous strain in a similar manner as the control.
L2 Imperfective Functions With Verb Types in Written Narratives: A Cross–Sectional Study With Instructed Hispanophone Learners of French
Authors: IZQUIERDO JESÚS , KIHLSTEDT MARIA 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThrough either morphological or functional approaches, previous research has examined how instructed second language (L2) learners develop control over a challenging area of French: the use of the imparfait. In order to better understand this challenge, this cross‐sectional study utilized both approaches and examined how 94 university Hispanophone learners of French developed control over 5 L2 imperfective functions with 4 verb types in 2 written narratives. Each L2 learner was assigned to 1 of 6 groups depending on the number of imperfective instances in their texts. In order to identify features of learner language, L2 imperfective use was compared to the imperfective found in first language (L1) Spanish (n = 31) and L1 French (n = 47) narratives. The analyses of the 2,176 instances of L2 imperfective use revealed that this form develops in accordance with a trend whereby a decrease is found from the characterization/state combination, to habituality/telics, to progressivity/nonpunctual dynamic verbs, to inchoative characterization/states, and to frequentation/activities. In contrast to the L1 imperfective in Spanish and French, the L2 imperfective showed variability across these combinations. Moreover, in the L2 narratives, learners favored the characterization/state association at the expense of using other imperfective functions with other verb types.
A Bayesian Approach to Measuring Evidence in L2 Research: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: NOROUZIAN REZA , MIRANDA MICHAEL DE , PLONSKY LUKE 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNull hypothesis testing has long since been the ‘go‐to analytic approach’ in quantitative second language (L2) research (Norris, 2015, p. 97). To many, however, years of reliance on this approach has resulted in a crisis of inference across the social and behavioral sciences (e.g., Rouder et al., 2016). As an alternative to the null hypothesis testing approach, many such experts recommend the Bayesian hypothesis testing approach. Adopting an open‐science framework, the present study (a) re‐evaluates the empirical findings of 418 t‐tests from published L2 research using Bayesian hypothesis testing, and (b) compares the Bayesian results with their conventional, null hypothesis testing counterparts as observed in the original reports. The results show that the Bayesian and the null hypothesis testing approaches generally arrive at similar inferential conclusions. However, considerable differences arise in the rejections of the null hypothesis. Notably, in 64.06% of cases when p‐values fell between .01 and .05 (i.e., evidence to reject the null), the Bayesian analysis found the evidence in the primary studies to be only at an ‘anecdotal’ level (i.e., insufficient evidence to reject the null). Practical implications, field‐wide recommendations, and an introduction to free online software (https://rnorouzian.shinyapps.io/bayesian-t-tests) for Bayesian hypothesis testing are discussed.