bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Neurite Arborization in Primary Dopaminergic Neurons in Autism-Like Shank3B-Deficient Mice
Authors: Bacova Zuzana , Havranek Tomas , Mihalj Denisa , Borbelyova Veronika , Kostrubanicova Kristina , Kramarova Michaela , Ostatnikova Daniela , Bakos Jan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite many studies on dopamine changes in autism, specific alterations in midbrain dopamine neurons projecting to the striatum and cortex remain unclear. Mouse models with diverse SH3 domain and ankyrin repeat containing protein 3 (Shank3) deficiencies are used for investigating autistic symptoms and underlying neurobiological mechanisms. SHANK3 belongs to postsynaptic proteins crucial for synapse formation during development, and disruptions in SHANK3 structure could lead to impaired neurite outgrowth and altered dendritic arborization and morphology. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether Shank3 deficiency (Shank3B) leads to changes in the morphology of primary neuronal cell cultures from dopaminergic brain regions of neonatal mouse pups and whether it results in alterations in synaptic proteins in dopaminergic nerve pathway projection areas (striatum, frontal cortex). Significantly reduced neurite outgrowth was observed in primary dopaminergic neurons from the midbrain and striatum of Shank3-deficient compared to WT mice. A decrease in Synapsin I immunofluorescence signal in the cortical neurons isolated from Shank3-deficient mice was found, although neurite arborization changes were less severe. Importantly, the deficit in the length of the longest neurite was confirmed in primary cortical neurons isolated from Shank3-deficient mice. No changes in the gene expression of synaptic proteins were observed in the striatum and frontal cortex of Shank3-deficient mice, but an altered gene expression profile of dopaminergic receptors was found. These results show structural changes of dopaminergic neurons, which may explain autistic symptomatology in the used model and provide a basis for understanding the long-term development of autistic symptoms.
Harnessing Geo-Diversity: Geosites and Geotourism in Uganda's Albertine Region
Authors: Kayima Patrick , Karasiewicz Tomasz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Albertine Region of Uganda, an integral part of the Great Rift Valley, have a diverse array of geosites with exceptional geoheritage value. Despite the region's immense geological, geomorphological, structural, palaeontological, stratigraphic and mineralogical significance, as well as its potential as a prime geotourism destination, there is a scarcity of comprehensive studies on its geoheritage within the global geotourism literature. This research examined and assessed key geosites in the Albertine Region, emphasizing their educational value and unique geological characteristics that could attract geotourists. The study employed a rigorous methodology combining cartographic analysis, scientific literature review, GIS data integration, and field surveys to identify and evaluate the geosites based on their educational and touristic potential. The geosites were classified into thematic groups, including waterfalls, hot springs, glacial features, caves, rare mineral occurrences, and bedrock exposures. The evaluation revealed that several geosites possess considerable geotourism and educational potential, with some receiving high scores for both educational value and geotourism attractiveness. To capitalise on this potential and generate economic benefits for Uganda, a two-pronged approach is recommended, involving collaboration between government agencies and educational institutions to promote geosites and actively identify and develop potential sites. By doing so, the Albertine Region can be transformed into a premium geotourism destination in Uganda, generating economic benefits for the country while safeguarding its invaluable geoheritage.
Review of detection, prediction and treatment of fluid loss events
Authors: Amish Mohamed , Khodja Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lost circulation has the potential to cause formation damage, wellbore instability and a blowout. Many methods have been introduced, but there is no industry-wide solution available to predict lost circulation due to some constraints in the field. It is essential to predict the onset of loss of circulation to mitigate its effects, reduce operational costs and prevent the risk to people and the environment. A wide range of methods, techniques and treatments, including environmentally friendly materials, are reviewed to mitigate the loss of circulation. Conventional and intelligent methods are presented for detecting and predicting lost circulation events. Using oil field data such as fluid parameters, drilling parameters and geological parameters, artificial intelligence can predict fluid losses using supervised machine learning (ML). Several ML models for predicting fluid loss are reviewed in this paper, and other possible applications are discussed. The sample size, field location, input and output features, performance and ML algorithms are extracted. The paper provides an inclusive presentation of the ML workflow for fluid loss prediction and is anticipated to help and support both drilling engineering practitioners and researchers in the resolution of drilling challenges, with recommendations for future development.
Questions in linear recurrence I: The $$T\oplus T$$-recurrence problem
Authors: Grivaux Sophie , López-Martínez Antoni , Peris Alfred 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study, for a continuous linear operator T acting on an F-space X, when the direct sum operator

$$T\oplus T$$

T
⊕
T

is recurrent on the direct sum space

$$X\oplus X$$

X
⊕
X

. In particular: we establish the analogous notion for recurrence to that of (topological) weak-mixing for transitivity/hypercyclicity, namely quasi-rigidity; and we construct a recurrent but not quasi-rigid operator on each separable infinite-dimensional Banach space, solving the

$$T\oplus T$$

T
⊕
T

-recurrence problem in the negative way.
Understanding Risk Communication Through a Postcolonial Theory Perspective: Lessons from Three Studies on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Adekola Josephine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article uses postcolonial theory to examine optimal risk communication practices of new risks and scientific information to non-indigenous communities. The article calls on risk communication scholars and health practitioners to embrace postcolonial theory as it provides a critical and reflective framework to examine ontological beliefs and methodological and structural aspects in the communication of public health messages. The article draws on insight from three studies on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy within Scotland’s African, Caribbean, and Black communities between March 2021 and April 2022. The article offers new insight into why some communities hesitate to respond to public health messages such as vaccine uptake advice. Therefore, risk communication scholars should use the postcolonial lens to examine their assumptions, thinking, and perspectives on communicating new science and risk information in emergencies. Postcolonial theory enables risk communication scholars to address power imbalances, representation, and inclusion challenges in public health communication and trust-building efforts.
A Machine Learning-Based Parameterized Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Model
Authors: Lu Yi , Yin Jie , Chen Peiyan , Yu Hui , Huang Sirong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurrent simulation models considerably underestimate local-scale, short-duration extreme precipitation induced by tropical cyclones (TCs). This problem needs to be addressed to establish active response policies for TC-induced disasters. Taking Shanghai, a coastal megacity, as a study area and based on the observations from 192 meteorological stations in the city during 2005–2018, this study optimized the parameterized Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Model (TCPM) initially designed for TCs at the national scale (China) to the local or regional scales by using machine learning (ML) methods, including the random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and ensemble learning (EL) algorithms. The TCPM-ML was applied for multiple temporal scale hazard assessment. The results show that: (1) The TCPM-ML not only improved TCPM performance for simulating hourly extreme precipitations, but also preserved the physical meaning of the results, contrary to ML methods; (2) Machine learning algorithms enhanced the TCPM ability to reproduce observations, although the hourly extreme precipitations remained slightly underestimated; (3) Best performance was obtained with the XGBoost or EL algorithms. Combining the strengths of both XGBoost and RF, the EL algorithm yielded the best overall performance. This study provides essential model support for TC disaster risk assessment and response at the local and regional scales in China.
Minimal intervention dentistry for treating primary teeth: a survey study among members of the Israeli Society of Paediatric Dentistry
Authors: Moskovitz M. , Elkesslasy T. , Shmueli A. , Halperson E. , Ram D. , Fux-Noy A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the attitudes of dentists in Israel to minimal intervention on primary teeth.

Methods
For this cross-sectional study, data were accessed from questionnaires that were completed anonymously by members of the Israeli Society of Paediatric Dentistry. For four clinical scenarios, the respondents were asked to describe the stage at which they would intervene, the type of preparation they would utilize, and the restorative materials they would use. The scenarios included proximal and occlusal caries in the primary molar and buccal and proximal caries in the primary maxillary incisor.

Results
Forty-six dentists completed the questionnaire. Forty-one (89%) cited that they would intervene in stages 3 and 4 (of 6) of proximal caries in the primary molar; 34 of these stated that the cavity preparation would be of the proximal box type. For occlusal caries, 37 (80%) stated they would intervene in stages 2 and 3 (of 5); 31 of these would only remove the carious lesion. Thirty-three (72%) of the respondents stated they would intervene in stage 3 (of 4) of buccal caries; 31 (67%) stated they would intervene in stage 2 (of 4) of proximal caries in the primary maxillary incisor.

Conclusion
The study reveals that specialists and non-specialists dentists in Israel use minimally invasive dentistry to treat children, either by intervening at a later stage of tooth decay or by employing conservative techniques to restore teeth. This aligns with the philosophy of minimal intervention.
Existential Happiness
Authors: York Kyle 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExistential happiness is happiness that one has a basic life at all. Having a basic life, as I understand it, involves being the subject of experiences and being an agent in some minimal sense. As I argue, existential happiness is a fitting response to having a basic life. To make this argument, I look at two possible accounts of the fittingness of existential happiness: the value of a basic life and attachment to the constitutive elements of one’s life. I also consider a few possible sources of existential happiness, including encounters with death, counterfactual thinking, and hedonically positive feelings of awe directed toward one’s own consciousness.
First record of the Parabolina Fauna in the Cambrian (Furongian) of Alborz, northern Iran
Authors: Ghobadi Pour Mansoureh , Popov Leonid E. , Kebria-ee Zadeh Mohammad-Reza 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA small trilobite assemblage, including Parabolina (Neoparabolina) frequens, assignable to the Parabolina Fauna, has been recovered from the Furongian (Cambrian Stage 10) Sah Member of the Mila Formation in the Tuyeh–Darvar section, the eastern Alborz Mountains, north Iran. The assemblage includes eight genera and species; two of them, Niobella darvarensis n. sp. and Macropyge (Promacropyge) sahensis n. sp., are new to science. The incursion of a Parabolina fauna into Alborz is confined to a significant drowning event with associated dark-gray shale deposition, which most probably occurred in the lower part of the Cordylodus proavus conodont Zone. While the generic composition of the assemblage is mostly cosmopolitan with the exception of the endemic Alborsella, the occurrence of Indiligens, Macropyge (Promacropyge) sahensis n. sp., Agnostotes sp. aff. A. sulcatus, and Leiagnostus bexelli indicates faunal links with South China and Tarim. Parabolina (Neoparabolina) frequens is widespread mainly in offshore deposits from temperate Gondwana (Armorican terrane assemblage, Argentina) and Baltica of about that age.UUID: http://zoobank.org/6b3118d0-5907-41b9-af44-cee838c5e630
Drawing the Jewish Propter Nos: Nineteenth-Century Missions and the Making of Race
Authors: Baron-Bloch Rachel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper traces discourse and practices among Jewish communal leaders in Western Europe and the United States regarding the need for Jewish missions to China and Ethiopia. Though thousands of miles apart, China and Ethiopia became closely entwined in their racial imagination. Beginning in the 1840s, the Jewish international press depicted both as biblical lost tribes, languishing in isolation and ignorance, and in need of a guiding hand with the mounting threat of Christian missionizing. Jewish communal leaders began to call for Jewish missions in the 1850s, and they looked to contemporary scientific, evangelical, and civilizing missions as models, merging elements from all three. Throughout the 1860s, in debates over who should lead a Jewish mission, three different types surfaced: an explorer, rabbinic emissary, and Orientalist. Each of these reframed prophetic calls for the return of the lost tribes within a modern scientific and imperial project. Drawing on the work of Sylvia Wynter, I argue that these communities in China and Ethiopia came to serve as boundary markers, demarcating the outer limits of the Jewish world, of Jewishness, and Judaism as it became increasingly circumscribed through theological, behavioral, and racial norms. Not only does this upend assumptions about Jewish solidarity and internationalism, but it also points to how missionizing was deployed by minoritized communities in the nineteenth century.
REM disruption and REM vagal activity predict extinction recall in trauma-exposed individuals
Authors: Yuksel Cagri , Watford Lauren , Muranaka Monami , Daffre Carolina , McCoy Emma , Lax Hannah , Mendelsohn Augustus Kram , Oliver Katelyn I. , Acosta Alexis , Vidrin Abegail , Martinez Uriel , Lasko Natasha , Orr Scott , Pace-Schott Edward F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) supports the consolidation of extinction memory. REM is disrupted in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and REM abnormalities after traumatic events increase the risk of developing PTSD. Therefore, it was hypothesized that abnormal REM in trauma-exposed individuals may pave the way for PTSD by interfering with the processing of extinction memory. In addition, PTSD patients display reduced vagal activity. Vagal activity contributes to the strengthening of memories, including fear extinction memory, and recent studies show that the role of vagus in memory processing extends to memory consolidation during sleep. Therefore, it is plausible that reduced vagal activity during sleep in trauma-exposed individuals may be an additional mechanism that impairs extinction memory consolidation. However, to date, the contribution of sleep vagal activity to the consolidation of extinction memory or any emotional memory has not been investigated.MethodsTrauma-exposed individuals (n = 113) underwent a 2-day fear conditioning and extinction protocol. Conditioning and extinction learning phases were followed by extinction recall 24 h later. The association of extinction recall with REM characteristics and REM vagal activity (indexed as heart rate variability) during the intervening consolidation night was examined.ResultsConsistent with our hypotheses, REM disruption was associated with poorer physiological and explicit extinction memory. Furthermore, higher vagal activity during REM was associated with better explicit extinction memory, and physiological extinction memory in males.ConclusionsThese findings support the notion that abnormal REM, including reduced REM vagal activity, may contribute to PTSD by impairing the consolidation of extinction memory.
A dialectical behavior therapy skills training smartphone app for recurrent binge eating: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Linardon Jake , Anderson Cleo , McClure Zoe , Liu Claudia , Messer Mariel , Jarman Hannah K. , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundDialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a specialized treatment that has a growing evidence base for binge-spectrum eating disorders. However, cost and workforce capacity limit wide-scale uptake of DBT since it involves over 20 in-person sessions with a trained professional (and six sessions for guided self-help format). Interventions translated for delivery through modern technology offer a solution to increase the accessibility of evidence-based treatments. We developed the first DBT-specific skills training smartphone application (Resilience: eDBT) for binge-spectrum eating disorders and evaluated its efficacy in a randomized clinical trial.MethodParticipants reporting recurrent binge eating were randomized to Resilience (n = 287) or a waitlist (n = 289). Primary outcomes were objective binge eating episodes and global levels of eating disorder psychopathology. Secondary outcomes were behavioral and cognitive symptoms, psychological distress, and the hypothesized processes of change (mindfulness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance).ResultsIntention-to-treat analyses showed that the intervention group reported greater reductions in objective binge eating episodes (incidence rate ratio = 0.69) and eating disorder psychopathology (d = −0.68) than the waitlist at 6 weeks. Significant group differences favoring the intervention group were also observed on secondary outcomes, except for subjective binge eating, psychological distress, and distress tolerance. Primary symptoms showed further improvements from 6 to 12 weeks. However, dropout rate was high (48%) among the intervention group, and engagement decreased over the study period.ConclusionA novel, low-intensity DBT skills training app can effectively reduce symptoms of eating disorders. Scalable apps like these may increase the accessibility of evidence-based treatments.
Cannabis use in youth is associated with chronic inflammation
Authors: Power Emmet , Mongan David , Healy Colm , Susai Subash Raj , Föcking Melanie , Zammit Stanley , Cannon Mary , Cotter David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMarkers of inflammation and cannabis exposure are associated with an increased risk of mental disorders. In the current study, we investigated associations between cannabis use and biomarkers of inflammation.MethodsUtilizing a sample of 914 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we investigated whether interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), C-reactive protein (CRP), and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) measured at age 24 were associated with past year daily cannabis use, less frequent cannabis use, and no past year cannabis use. We adjusted for a number of covariates including sociodemographic measures, body mass index, childhood trauma, and tobacco smoking. We found evidence of a strong association between daily or near daily cannabis use and suPAR.ResultsWe did not find any associations between less frequent cannabis use and suPAR. We did not find evidence of an association between IL-6, TNFα or CRP, and cannabis use.ConclusionsOur finding that frequent cannabis use is strongly associated with suPAR, a biomarker of systemic chronic inflammation implicated in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes is novel. These findings may provide valuable insights into biological mechanisms by which cannabis affects the brain and impacts the risk of serious mental disorders.
Efficacy of Compassion-Based Interventions in Breast Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: López-Contreras Juan Pedro , Sebri Valeria , Sarrión-Castelló Pedro , Martínez-Sanchís Sonia , Cebolla I Martí Ausiàs Josep 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer patients and survivors deal with physical and psychological challenges due to oncological treatments. The existing literature highlights the importance of compassion in reducing the main cancer-related effects in terms of emotions, quality of life, and dysfunctional coping skills. Over the past few years, compassion-based interventions (CBIs) have been considered an interesting approach to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms and improve quality of life and well-being. However, there have not been many studies that show the benefits of these interventions in breast cancer patients and survivors. The primary objective of this systematic review is to provide evidence of the impact of CBIs on specific variables identified in the literature as affected by this pathology. The variables that will be studied are (a) emotional issues (e.g., anxiety, stress, and depression symptoms); (b) quality of life; and (c) positive coping skills. A systematic search during the previous 10 years up to November 2023 was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines across multiple databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Nine eligible randomized controlled trials were included in this article, with a total of 813 breast cancer patients and survivors. Findings show that CBIs increased compassion, mindful observation, and acting with awareness skills, leading to a significant reduction of anxiety and stress levels, depression, and negative affect. Additionally, less body image distress and greater body appreciation were reported as a consequence of the interventions. This review shows the CBI’s efficacy on emotions, positive coping skills, and quality of life in breast cancer patients and survivors. Guidelines for future studies are listed to promote CBIs as a clinically useful intervention for breast cancer patients and survivors.
Review of systems thinking in rural WASH programming and research
Authors: Neely Kate , Valcourt Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Almost half of the global population lives with inadequate or unsafe water, sanitation or hygiene (WASH) services. The consequences of this situation include negative impacts on individual and public health, the environment and economic production. The WASH sector is linked with other international development sectors and is embedded within complex social, environmental and governance structures. This complexity led us to reflect on how WASH sector practitioners and researchers are applying systems thinking tools and techniques to progress an agenda of sustainable and universal WASH services. From this perspective, we then discuss the near- and long-term future needs of the sector in coming to a comprehensive understanding and application of systems thinking to progress the ultimate aim of universal access to safely managed, accessible and abundant water, sanitation and hygiene services.