bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clifford theory of Weil representations of unitary groups
Authors: Shau Moumita , Szechtman Fernando 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Let

𝒪

{\mathcal{O}}

be an involutive discrete valuation ring with residue field of characteristic not 2.
Let A be a quotient of

𝒪

{\mathcal{O}}

by a nonzero power of its maximal ideal, and let

*

{*}

be the involution that A inherits from

𝒪

{\mathcal{O}}

.
We consider various unitary groups

𝒰
m

⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)}

of rank m over A, depending on the nature of

*

{*}

and the equivalence type of the underlying hermitian or skew hermitian form.
Each group

𝒰
m

⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)}

gives rise to a Weil representation.
In this paper, we give a Clifford theory description of all irreducible components of the Weil representation of

𝒰
m

⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)}

with respect to all of its abelian congruence subgroups and a third of its nonabelian congruence subgroups.
Using a Markov decision process to model the value of the sacrifice bunt
Authors: Hirotsu Nobuyoshi , Bickel J. Eric 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We use a Markov decision process to model the value of the sacrifice bunt. Specifically, we consider a nine-inning baseball game with non-identical batters and compute the degree to which sacrificing increases the probability of winning the game. We populate our model using data covering the National League of Major League Baseball, and demonstrate the importance of using the probability of winning the game when analyzing the value of the sacrifice bunt. We show how and why the criterion of maximizing the probability of winning is superior to that of maximizing the expected number of runs scored or the probability of scoring at least one run in the half inning. Our model enables us to investigate situations that are not possible to investigate using earlier models, and find that the sacrifice bunt is more beneficial than previously thought. We also discuss the effect sizes of individual sacrifice bunts, and the effect of model simplifications on runner advancement or ignoring double plays.
Crystal structure of bis[(μ3-oxido)-(μ2-(N,N-diisopropylthiocarbamoylthio) acetato-κ2
O,O′)-((N,N-diisopropylthiocarbamoylthio)acetato-κO)-bis(di-4-methylbenzyl-tin(IV))], C100H136N4O10S8Sn4
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
C100H136N4O10S8Sn4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 13.7756(4) Å, b = 13.9663(5) Å, c = 16.6392(5) Å, α = 71.501(2)°, β = 73.952(2)°, γ = 63.180(2)°, V = 2675.49(16) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0383, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1209, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2,3-dichloro-6-methoxyquinoxaline, C9H6Cl2N2O
Authors: Yang Zhi-Hai , Guo Zi-Yin , Shao Jia-Xin , Peng Shi-Yong , Zhu Zhong-Zhi , Chen Xiu-Wen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
C9H6Cl2N2O, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 15.597(6) Å, b = 3.9346(16) Å, c = 15.614(6) Å, β = 101.834(4)°, V = 937.8(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0360, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1019, T = 296(2) K.
Contribution of non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions to the honey oligosaccharides origin and diversity
Authors: Silva Soraia P. , Moreira Ana S. P. , Domingues Maria do Rosário M. , Evtuguin Dmitry V. , Coelho Elisabete , Coimbra Manuel A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions are known to occur under high sugar concentrations, high temperatures, low moisture environments and acidic conditions. Although honey is not a thermally processed food, its high sugars concentration under an acidic and low moisture environment for prolonged periods of time may also promote these reactions. To test this hypothesis six model solutions containing combinations of sucrose and glucose or fructose, prepared with water and diluted citric acid at pH 4.0 and 2.0, were incubated at 35 °C during up to 5 months, similar to the honey under hive conditions. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) allowed to observe polymerization products soon after their incubation. After 5 months, a degree of polymerization of 6 was detected, similarly to the honey samples used for comparison. Maltose, isomaltose, inulobiose, sophorose, gentiobiose, 1-kestose and panose were detected in both model solutions and honey samples, showing that non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions also contribute to oligosaccharides origin and diversity in honey.
Fragmentation of Pooled PCR Products for Highly Multiplexed TILLING
Authors: Tramontano Andrea , Jarc Luka , Jankowicz-Cieslak Joanna , Hofinger Bernhard J , Gajek Katarzyna , Szurman-Zubrzycka Miriam , Szarejko Iwona , Ingelbrecht Ivan , Till Bradley J 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImprovements to massively parallel sequencing have allowed the routine recovery of natural and induced sequence variants. A broad range of biological disciplines have benefited from this, ranging from plant breeding to cancer research. The need for high sequence coverage to accurately recover single nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions limits the applicability of whole genome approaches. This is especially true in organisms with a large genome size or for applications requiring the screening of thousands of individuals, such as the reverse-genetic technique known as TILLING. Using PCR to target and sequence chosen genomic regions provides an attractive alternative as the vast reduction in interrogated bases means that sample size can be dramatically increased through amplicon multiplexing and multi-dimensional sample pooling while maintaining suitable coverage for recovery of small mutations. Direct sequencing of PCR products is limited, however, due to limitations in read lengths of many next generation sequencers. In the present study we show the optimization and use of ultrasonication for the simultaneous fragmentation of multiplexed PCR amplicons for TILLING highly pooled samples. Sequencing performance was evaluated in a total of 32 pooled PCR products produced from 4096 chemically mutagenized Hordeum vulgare DNAs pooled in three dimensions. Evaluation of read coverage and base quality across amplicons suggests this approach is suitable for high-throughput TILLING and other applications employing highly pooled complex sampling schemes. Induced mutations previously identified in a traditional TILLING screen were recovered in this dataset further supporting the efficacy of the approach.
Superloser: A Plasmid Shuffling Vector for Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Exceedingly Low Background
Authors: Haase Max A B , Truong David M , Boeke Jef D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Here we report a new plasmid shuffle vector for forcing budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to incorporate a new genetic pathway in place of a native pathway – even an essential one – while maintaining low false positive rates (less than 1 in 108 per cell). This plasmid, dubbed “Superloser,” was designed with reduced sequence similarity to commonly used yeast plasmids (i.e., pRS400 series) to limit recombination, a process that in our experience leads to retention of the yeast gene(s) instead of the desired gene(s). In addition, Superloser utilizes two orthogonal copies of the counter-selectable marker URA3 to reduce spontaneous 5-fluoroorotic acid resistance. Finally, the CEN/ARS sequence is fused to the GAL1-10 promoter, which disrupts plasmid segregation in the presence of the sugar galactose, causing Superloser to rapidly be removed from a population of cells. We show one proof-of-concept shuffling experiment: swapping yeast’s core histones out for their human counterparts. Superloser is especially useful for forcing yeast to use highly unfavorable genes, such as human histones, as it enables plating a large number of cells (1.4x109) on a single 10 cm petri dish while maintaining a very low background. Therefore, Superloser is a useful tool for yeast geneticists to effectively shuffle low viability genes and/or pathways in yeast that may arise in as few as 1 in 108 cells.
Disturbed Stratification in Late Pleistocene Sediments of the Khibiny Pluton (Kola Peninsula)
Authors: Gorbatov E.S. , Kolesnikov S.F. , Sorokin A.A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
—The paper presents a description of three Late Pleistocene sections within the Khibiny pluton, outcropping on the proximal slope of the Kukisvum morainic ridge, a fluvioglacial terrain in the valley of the Kukisiok River, and a glacial complex in the valley of the Vuonnemiok River. Various small disturbances of the primary stratification were found in the first two sections. These structures do not form horizons sustained along the strike and are associated with the top of sand–silt sediments with horizontal or wavy bedding of shallow lacustrine genesis. They form small wavy bends, ‘tongues”, ovoids, and flexural microfolds that could not be preserved at the bottom of the basin and, consequently, formed after overlapping deposits accumulation. Analysis of the cross bedding of the coarse clastic deposits of the fluvioglacial terrace has allowed us to relate its formation to north-to-south glacial water discharge along the trough valley of the Kukisiok River. In the glaciolacustrine varve clays of the third section (the Koashva open pit), extended horizons of plicative disturbances 0.5–2 m in thickness and 300 m in length were studied. The soft-sediment deformations are covered with an unstructured horizon composed of coarse grains dispersed in sand–silt matrix, which means that the deformation was caused by either a glacial flood or a mudflow. The study has revealed no signs of seismic liquefaction during the formation of the folded structures.
The relevance of the performed study is determined by the fact that it has become possible not only to clarify the formation conditions of the Quaternary Khibiny deposits but also to develop the objective criteria for determination of the soft-sediment deformation structures associated with thixotropic effects in weakly consolidated sediments. Similar structures are sometimes regarded as seismic convolutions, which can lead to unjustified overestimation of the regional seismic hazard level.
The Equilibrium of Clay Minerals with Aqueous Solutions in Soils
Authors: Shoba V.N. , Chudnenko K.V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract—The paper presents a study into the total chemical and mineralogical compositions of fine colloids (fraction &lt;0.08 μm) in the upper horizons of soils of contrasting compositions and properties. Based on the analytical data, the crystallochemical formulas of clay minerals with a 2:1 structure have been calculated, and the chemical potentials of independent components and the activity coefficients of the main end-members have been determined. Using the Selector software, the equilibrium phase-multicomponent composition of soils has been obtained, and the similarity and difference in the crystal chemistry of 2:1 clay minerals produced by two different methods are shown. The calculated Gibbs energy values of these minerals are close to the calorimetric data for smectites. It is demonstrated that the contents of typical elements in 2:1 clay minerals reflect the genetic properties of soils. In soils of alkaline series (Solonetz), such minerals are relatively enriched in sodium and magnesium; in soils of acidic series (Podzoluvisols and Cambisols), in hydrogen and iron; and in soils of the neutral series (Chernozems, Arenosols, and Umbric Gleysols), in calcium.
Stability of Zircon in the System MgO–SiO2–H2O at 2.5 GPa
Authors: Dobretsov N.L. , Chepurov A.I. , Sonin V.M. , Zhimulev E.I. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
—We report preliminary experimental data on the interaction of zircon with the peridotitic assemblage olivine + serpentine at 2.5 GPa and 1400 °C. In these conditions, zircon is unstable and decomposes with the formation of baddeleyite. Therefore, it is unlikely that zircon could survive in ultramafic rocks for a long time in the presence of a fluid phase at high temperatures. Thus, rigorous constraints on boundary conditions are required for the use of zircon in the dating of high-temperature geologic processes.
Anwendungsschwierigkeiten mit den Eingriffsbefugnissen der Short Selling Regulation (SSR)
Authors: Sieder Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Leerverkaufsverordnung (Short Selling Regulation, SSR) enthält neben den dauerhaften Verpflichtungen der Marktteilnehmer situative Eingriffsbefugnisse der jeweils zuständigen (nationalen) Behörden und der ESMA. Dabei enthält Art. 23 SSR eine „Befugnis zur befristeten Beschränkung des Leerverkaufs von Finanzinstrumenten bei signifikantem Kursverfall“. Diese sog. Circuit-Breaker-Regelung ermöglicht es den nationalen Aufsichtsbehörden, ab einer festgelegten Kursverlustschwelle, Leerverkäufe des betroffenen Finanzinstruments zu beschränken oder zu verbieten. Ende 2017 wurde in einem ESMA-Final Report (Technical Advice on the evaluation of certain elements of the Short Selling Regulation) sowohl von der ESMA als auch von den Marktteilnehmern Kritik an Art. 23 SSR geäußert. Die Schwächen des SSR-Circuit-Breaker liegen insbesondere im Tatbestand selbst und in dessen mangelhafter wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Fundierung begründet. Mülbert weist zu Recht darauf hin, dass Art. 23 SSR eine Schlüsselrolle bei der aufsichtsrechtlichen Handhabung von Short-Seller-Attacken, wie sie sich in den letzten Jahren bei Wirecard, Ströer, Aurelius und ProSiebenSat.1 ereignet haben, zukommen könnte. Bezüglich Wirecard hat im Februar 2019 die BaFin-Allgemeinverfügung, mit der die Begründung/Vergrößerung von Netto-Leerverkaufspositionen in Wirecard-Aktien verboten wurde, für Aufsehen gesorgt. Diesbezüglich wird die BaFin-Anwendung des Art. 20 SSR analysiert. Abschließend wird untersucht, wie ein sinnvoller Leerverkaufs-Circuit-Breaker angewendet werden sollte und wie dieser, auch unter rechtsvergleichenden Gesichtspunkten, de lege ferenda effizient ausgestaltet werden sollte.
Radiofrequency Ablation and Microwave Ablation in Liver Tumors: An Update
Authors: Izzo Francesco , Granata Vincenza , Grassi Roberto , Fusco Roberta , Palaia Raffaele , Delrio Paolo , Carrafiello Gianpaolo , Azoulay Daniel , Petrillo Antonella , Curley Steven A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

This article provides an overview of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) for treatment of primary liver tumors and hepatic metastasis. Only studies reporting RFA and MWA safety and efficacy on liver were retained. We found 40 clinical studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. RFA has become an established treatment modality because of its efficacy, reproducibility, low complication rates, and availability. MWA has several advantages over RFA, which may make it more attractive to treat hepatic tumors. According to the literature, the overall survival, local recurrence, complication rates, disease-free survival, and mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with RFA vary between 53.2 ± 3.0 months and 66 months, between 59.8% and 63.1%, between 2% and 10.5%, between 22.0 ± 2.6 months and 39 months, and between 0% and 1.2%, respectively. According to the literature, overall survival, local recurrence, complication rates, disease-free survival, and mortality in patients with HCC treated with MWA (compared with RFA) vary between 22 months for focal lesion &gt;3 cm (vs. 21 months) and 50 months for focal lesion ≤3 cm (vs. 27 months), between 5% (vs. 46.6%) and 17.8% (vs. 18.2%), between 2.2% (vs. 0%) and 61.5% (vs. 45.4%), between 14 months (vs. 10.5 months) and 22 months (vs. no data reported), and between 0% (vs. 0%) and 15% (vs. 36%), respectively. According to the literature, the overall survival, local recurrence, complication rates, and mortality in liver metastases patients treated with RFA (vs. MWA) are not statistically different for both the survival times from primary tumor diagnosis and survival times from ablation, between 10% (vs. 6%) and 35.7% (vs. 39.6), between 1.1% (vs. 3.1%) and 24% (vs. 27%), and between 0% (vs. 0%) and 2% (vs. 0.3%). MWA should be considered the technique of choice in selected patients, when the tumor is ≥3 cm in diameter or is close to large vessels, independent of its size.

Implications for Practice
Although technical features of the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are similar, the differences arise from the physical phenomenon used to generate heat. RFA has become an established treatment modality because of its efficacy, reproducibility, low complication rates, and availability. MWA has several advantages over RFA, which may make it more attractive than RFA to treat hepatic tumors. The benefits of MWA are an improved convection profile, higher constant intratumoral temperatures, faster ablation times, and the ability to use multiple probes to treat multiple lesions simultaneously. MWA should be considered the technique of choice when the tumor is ≥3 cm in diameter or is close to large vessels, independent of its size.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF WEB-BASED IDEA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON PRACTICAL EVIDENCE
Authors: Miķelsone Elīna , Volkova Tatjana , Lielā Elita 
Published: June 2019

During the last decade software developers have put increasing focus on developing information systems supporting decision making, collaboration, knowledge and idea management. Idea management systems (IMS) - manageable systematic tools to generate and evaluate ideas - are an important element within this trend. Web-based IMS are used by many well-known organizations, e.g. Volkswagen, Cisco, Microsoft, Lidl, GE Healthcare, Nestle, Procter and Gamble, Tchibo, Henkel, Roche, Fujitsu, Boeing, Goodyear, Xerox, Panasonic, Pentax, Siemens, Virgin trains etc. Although the research on web-based IMS and how these systems are applied practically is very limited. Therefore, the authors of this research aim to explore practical web-based IMS application and potential benefits. Research aim is based on theoretical and empirical approaches to deliver understanding on how web- based IMS materializes and what are potential benefits from its application to increase organizational effectiveness. Web-based IMS application will be researched by analysing separate use-cases and reprocessing the results using content analysis. 1st step – analysis of 100 users cases based on available information about application cases from homepages of web-based IMS developers. 2nd step –analysis of the results from 1st step. The analysis will be conducted by analysing information from protocols of use-cases. Protocols will be organized as category maps. Category maps are based on literature studies (finding deductive elements with available data), on data (inductive elements) and organized around Adaptive Structuration Theory elements. As the 3rd step use case descriptions and comparison will be applied. The results show that the web-based IMS are universally applicable in different organisation for fulfilling the various tasks. Benefits of web-based IMS application could be divided into 4 main groups towards benefits of- the idea management, innovation management, cooperation, and overall effectiveness of organization. Academic contribution: (1) most extensive research of web-based IMS based on 100 use cases; (2) empirical overview of potential benefits of web-based IMS application; (3) Development of IMS use case analysis protocol applicable in further researches. Practical contribution: (1) Empirical overview of web-based IMS application experience in various organizations that can stimulate the application of web-based IMS in other organizations and to deliver benefits to organization; (2) The benefits are summarized and can help in decision making whether to apply and implement a web- based IMS in and an organization.
The Relations of “shi tun” (示屯) during the Reign of Wu-Ding of Shang (≈1250 B.C. - 1222 B.C.)
Authors: Jinjing Xu 
Published: June 2019

<span>In Annals of Spring and Autumn it is stated that: “State affairs are worship and military affairs.” The inscriptions on turtle shells and bones are records of the escapulimancia during the Shang dynasty (≈1600 BC - 1046 BC), and that covers all aspects of life and society. The “tun” (屯) is a unit of measurement used for the turtle shells and bones of the oracle during the Shang dynasty. A shell or a bone is “a pian (丿)”, and a pair is “a tun (屯)”. “Shi tun” (示屯) refers to the “offering of shells and prepared bones”, is one of the important sources of oracular bones. The organization and analysis of reception records in those bones allow us to get to know this dynasty of more than 3,000 years ago from a new perspective. In addition, we can also understand</span> <span>the social status of taxpayers and signatories, through comparisons with the content of other oracular bones.</span>
Communication in Greetings in Chinese: a Pedagogical Proposal
Authors: Qu Lu Xianghong 
Published: June 2019

<span>Due to the problems detected in the practice of teaching Chinese as second Language, on the other hand with the theoretical advances both in nonverbal communication and in pedagogy, especially in that of Chinese language, we began to reflect on the importance of the nonverbal language in intercultural communications. It is found that it necessary to make a theoretical and practical proposal for the integration of nonverbal communication into the Chinese</span> <span>language teaching materials, for the purpose of improving our students’ communication and the comprehension on the culture and society of China. In this goal, the present work consists in the analysis of nonverbal signs used in some specific communicative contexts in Chinese related to the topic of “greetings”, and in the identification of those nonverbal signs that can more easily cause errors of interpretation in the students, mainly by questionnaire, interviews and bibliographic review. Finally, based on the results of our study, we present a concrete pedagogical proposal composed by five activities, in order<br />to offer a complementary material that could help the students to avoid misinterpretations in spoken or written context that block and distort the transmission of messages.</span>
Présentation : De l’<em>ethos</em> et du biographique : au croisement de deux parcours
Authors: Clément Anne-Marie 
Published: June 2019

Les textes regroupés dans ce dossier explorent les modalités de l’ethos biographique. Il nous apparaît que l’œuvre biographique, caractérisée par la relation singulière qui s'établit entre le biographe et le biographé, offre un contexte particulier à la construction de l’ethos, puisque l'écriture s'y propose à la fois comme discours sur l'autre et énonciation de soi. Les diverses analyses proposées montrent que l’image de soi construite à travers un ensemble de signes à destination de l’interlocuteur donne accès à la singularité du locuteur dans sa fonction de biographe, mais révèle également d’autres aspects de l’identité de ce dernier, laissant place, entre autres, à l’émergence de la figure de l’écrivain.AbstractThe texts in this issue explore the modalities of the biographical ethos. They show that biographical writing, which is characterized by the peculiar relationship that is established between biographer and biographee, offers a context for constructing a specific ethos, since the writing offers both discourse on another person and self-enunciation. The various analyses demonstrate that the self-image constructed from the set of signs aimed at the interlocutor reveal the locutor's singularity in his role of biographer, but also reveal other aspects of his identity, and allow, among other things, the emergence of the writer's image.