bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Linagliptin on Cognitive Performance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiorenal Comorbidities: The CARMELINA Randomized Trial
Authors: Biessels Geert Jan , Verhagen Chloë , Janssen Jolien , van den Berg Esther , Zinman Bernard , Rosenstock Julio , George Jyothis T. , Passera Anna , Schnaidt Sven , Johansen Odd Erik 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive dysfunction and an increased dementia risk, particularly in individuals with concomitant cardiovascular and/or kidney disease. Incretin therapies may modulate this risk via glycemic and nonglycemic pathways. We explored if the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor linagliptin could prevent cognitive decline in people with type 2 diabetes with cardiorenal disease.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The CArdiovascular and Renal Microvascular outcomE study with LINAgliptin (CARMELINA)-COG substudy was an integral part of CARMELINA (NCT01897532) that randomized participants with cardiorenal disease to linagliptin 5 mg or placebo once daily (1:1), in addition to standard of care. The primary cognitive outcome was the occurrence of accelerated cognitive decline at the end of treatment, defined as a regression-based index score ≤16th percentile on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or a composite measure of attention and executive functioning and analyzed in participants with a baseline MMSE ≥24. Effects across subgroups by baseline factors, as well as absolute cognitive changes, were also assessed.

RESULTS
Of the 6,979 participants in CARMELINA, CARMELINA-COG included 1,545 (mean ± SD age, 68 ± 8 years; MMSE, 28.3 ± 1.7; estimated glomerular filtration rate, 52 ± 23 mL/min/1.73 m2; and HbA1c, 7.8 ± 0.9% [61.4 ± 10.1 mmol/mol]). Over a median treatment duration of 2.5 years, accelerated cognitive decline occurred in 28.4% (linagliptin) vs. 29.3% (placebo) (odds ratio 0.96 [95% CI 0.77, 1.19]). Consistent effects were observed across subgroups by baseline characteristics. Absolute cognitive performance changes were also similar between treatment groups.

CONCLUSIONS
In a large international cardiovascular outcome trial in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiorenal disease, linagliptin did not modulate cognitive decline over 2.5 years.
SCREENCAST DEVELOPMENT IN BIOLOGY ON FLIP CLASSROOM
Authors: Puspaningsih Ayu Ratna 
Published: August 2019

The implementation of flipped classroom at SMA Negeri Bali Mandara (Senior high School) helped to accommodate semesteral-credit-system or SKS and to benefit from the e-learning system. However, students’s achievement in Biology lesson was still 2 points below the school’s passing grade (KKM) due to the inefectivity and the lack of interactivity of the learning media used. To counter this challenge therefore, video screencast was developed. This R & D project aims at: 1) to create a suitable screencast video which supporting student’s learning, 2) to investigate the effecivity of the prototype, 3) to know the student’s responses the use of screencast video to support their learning. Prototype was developed by using 4-D steps, which are: define, design, development and dissemination. The prototype was then validated by content and media experts. The product was lauched and implemented for students in Grade 12 and 10. Data response were collected by using questionnaire and finally were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Students’s responses were positive which supported by the fact that the use of screencast video during flipped learning improved their learning achievement
IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODELS OF JIGSAW TYPE IN ECONOMIC LESSONS TO INCREASE STUDENT ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Citra Nyoman Yuliana 
Published: August 2019

This study is aimed to increase the activeness and the learning achievement through the implementation of cooperative learning model by using jigsaw on the Economy subject of the tenth grade students at IPS 1 class of SMA Negeri Bali Mandara academic year 2017/2018. The data was collected by using observation method and written test. Afterwards, the data was analyzed by using the quantitative descriptive analysis. The result of this study showed that: (1) the implementation of cooperative learning model by using jigsaw on the Economy subject had increased the students' learning activeness of the tenth grade students at IPS 1 class of SMA Negeri Bali Mandara academic year 2017/2018. This result was proven by the average score of the students' learning activeness from the cycle I was 3,02 which belongs to active category and the score on the cycle II was 3,59 which is also in the category of active. (2) The implementation of cooperative learning model by using jigsaw on the Economy subject has increased the students' learning achievement of the tenth grade students at IPS 1 class of SMA Negeri Bali Mandara academic year 2017/2018. The result showed that the students' learning completeness on the cycle I was 43,48% with the class average score was 76,88 and the students' learning completeness on the cycle II had increased up to 100,00% with the class average score was 86,31.
The Effect of Graphic Organizer upon Reading Comprehension of the Twelfth Grade Students of SMAN 1 Sukawati in Academic Year 2015/2016
Authors: Dewi Anak Agung Mitha Indri , Marhaeni Anak Agung Istri Ngurah , Suwastini Ni Komang Arie 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki apakah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pemahaman membaca siswa kelas XII yang diajar menggunakan Graphic Organizer dengan siswa yang diajar menggunakan teknik konvensional. Penelitian ini dalam bentuk penelitian eksperimen semu. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII
tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 75 siswa yang telah dipilih
dengan menggunakan teknik sampel random atau acak; terdiri dari 37 siswa kelas XII
IPA 2 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 38 siswa kelas XII IPA 3 sebagai kelompok
kontrol. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pemahaman membaca siswa kelas XII yang diajar menggunakan Graphic Organizer dimana siswa
yang diajar menggunakan Graphic Organizer menunjukkan pemahaman membaca yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diajar menggunakan teknik konvensional. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Graphic Organizer memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pemahaman membaca siswa kelas XII di SMA N 1 Sukawati tahun ajaran 2015/2016.
An Analysis of Politeness Strategies Used by Female and Male Students in XI IIS Of SMA Bhaktiyasa Singaraja to Talk to Their Teachers Inside and Outside the Classroom
Authors: Sugitariani N W , Seken I Ketut , Hadisaputra I Nyoman Pasek 
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to explain the types of politeness strategies used by female and male students of XI IIS of SMA Bhaktiyasa Singaraja to talk to their teachers inside and outside the classroom and the reason of using those strategies. The researcher was the
key instrument in this study that collected the data by audio-recording the conversation between students and teachers, taking note of the phenomena and interviewing the subject of the study. The subjects of the study were the students in XI IIS of SMA
Bhaktiyasa Singaraja who talked to their teachers. The politeness strategies used by students were analyzed based on Brown & Levinson’s theory of politeness. The result of this study showed that the strategies used by female and male students were bald on
record politeness, positive politeness, and off record. Mostly, the students used impolite language which can be stated as pragmatic errors because the students’ motive was to get closer to the teachers so they used impolite language. It was different from the previous studies that indicated positive politeness strategy most used by speaker in formal situation. The result of this study indicated that the students used politeness strategies rarely even when they talked to their teachers in the classroom activities. The
students’ reasons of using the impolite language most frequently than politeness strategies because they felt they were close with the teachers so that they used impolite language to show their friendliness.
Developing Culture-Based English Language Assessment Instrument for Second Semester of Grade Seven of Junior High School in Buleleng Sub-District to Support the Implementation of Curriculum 2013
Authors: Wasundari Ida Ayu U , Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Batan I Gede 
Published: August 2019

This research aimed at developing culture-based English language assessment instrument for the second semester of grade seven of junior high school in Buleleng Subdistrict to support the implementation of Curriculum 2013. This research was categorized as research and development. Research and development model which was used in this research proposed by Peffers et.al (2007). The suitable English assessment for the second semester of grade seven of junior high school was English assessment with integrated Balinese culture in order to support the development of character building. The steps of developing this English assessment instrument included assessment goal analysis, assessment standard analysis, syllabus analysis, learning source analysis, designing blue print, developing assessment, expert judgment, and revision. This research produced English assessment instrument which assessed
students’ affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains. The reliability and quality of the developed assessment instrument were found out by giving expert judgment form to the experts of assessment and English language teaching. The scores which were given by the two experts were 650 from the first expert and 802 from the second expert. Based on those scores, the quality of the developed English assessment instrument was categorized as excellent. The reliability of the data was categorized as excellent in which the score of Alpha Cronbach’s coefficient was 0.9. It means that the developed culturebased English assessment instrument was suitable to be used in teaching and learning process that implements Curriculum 2013 in Buleleng Sub-district.
The Effect of Metalinguistic Written Corrective Feedback on English Writing Competency of the Eighth Grade Students of SMPN 1 Abiansemal in Academic Year 2015/2016
Authors: Gasella S A , Ramendra Dewa Putu , Hadisaputra I Nyoman Pasek 
Published: August 2019

The present study aimed at investigating whether or not there was a significant difference in writing competency between the eighth grade junior high school students who received metalinguistic WCF and those who did not receive any feedback. This experimental study took the eighth grade students in SMPN 1 Abiansemal as the
population and VIIIB and VIIIF respectively as the control and experimental group through cluster random sampling. The design of the study was pretest-posttest control group design. The data were the students’ pretest and posttest that were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. ANCOVA test was used in analyzing the data and to test the hypothesis. The result of the analysis using ANCOVA in SPSS 17.0 showed that the significance value of the group was 0.024 which was lower than the significance level 0.05. It means that the null hypothesis was rejected. It was concluded that there was a significant difference between students who received metalinguistic WCF and those who did not receive any feedback.
THE EFFECT OF USING WORD FAMILY GAME ON THE VOCABULARY MASTERY OF THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Ni Komang Amelia Kartadi , Sudirman Sudirman , I Putu Indra Kusuma 
Published: August 2019

This study aimed at investigating of the effect of using word family game committed by the fifth grade student in SD Negeri 1 Astina in mastering the English vocabulary. This study was True-Experimental with post-test only control group design. The population was 59 students of the fifth grade and the sample was selected by using cluster random sampling. The sample of this research study was 22 students in 5A as an Experimental Group while 22 students in 5B as a Control Group. The experimental group was taught by using Word Family Game and control group was taught without using Word Family Game. The data was analyzed descriptively and inferentially through SPSS 16.0 Program. Descriptively, the students in experimental group were achieved better than the students in control group. It was proven by the result of the mean score of the experimental group was 90.45, while the mean score of control group was 83.18. The result of the t-test also showed that the score of the (tobs) was 3.393 which the score of (tcv) was 1.682 which based on the degree of freedom was 42. It showed that the (tobs) > (tcv), where: 3.393 > 1.682. It could be concluded that the word family game had a significant effect on the students’ vocabulary mastery rather than using conventional teaching.
TEACHING STRATEGIES USED IN ESP CLASSES
Authors: Kadek Maya Cyntia Dewi , I Gede Galang Surya , I Putu Agus Endra Susanta 
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to describe teaching strategies implemented by lecturers in teaching English of continuing program students at STIKES Bali. Descriptive qualitative design use used. There were 2 respondents involved in this study which were lecturers who taught English in continuing program at STIKES Bali. The data were collected by using observation sheet and interview guide. The data were analyzed descriptively according to descriptive qualitative design. The finding showed that there were 5 teaching strategies from 7 teaching strategies proposed implemented by lecturer such as Direct Instruction, Discussion, Group Work, Co-operative Learning and Performance Activity. Direct Instruction and Discussion were the most teaching strategies that chosen by English lecturers. Teaching strategies were implemented according to the topics and characteristics of the students. Choosing the right teaching strategy is very important in teaching English, especially in continuing program students at STIKES Bali. English lecturers in STIKES Bali are expected to implement more and appropriate teaching strategies to improve the quality of teaching and learning process.
Mechanical bending effects on hydrogen storage of Ni decorated (8, 0) boron nitride nanotube : DFT study
Authors: Elmahdy Atef , Taha Hayam , Kamel Mohamed , Tarek Menna 
Published: August 2019

The influence of mechanical bending to tuning the hydrogen storage of Ni-functionalized of zigzag type of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with reference to the ultimate targets of the US Department of Energy (DOE). Single Ni atoms prefer to bind strongly at the axial bridge site of BN nanotube, and each Ni atom bound on BNNT may adsorb up to five, H2 molecules, with average adsorption energies per hydrogen molecule of )-1.622,-0.527 eV( for the undeformed B40N40-? = 0 , ) -1.62 , 0-0.308 eV( for the deformed B40N40-? = 15, ) -1.589, -0.310 eV( for the deformed B40N40-? = 30, and ) -1.368- -0.323 eV( for the deformed B40N40-? = 45 nanotubes respectively. with the H-H bonds between H2 molecules significantly elongated. The curvature attributed to the bending angle has effect on average adsorption energies per H2 molecule. With no metal clustering, the system gravimetric capacities are expected to be as large as 5.691 wt % for 5H2 Ni B40N40-? = 0, 15, 30, 45. While the desorption activation barriers of the complexes nH2 + Ni B40N40-? = 0 (n = 1-4) are outside the (DOE) domain (-0.2 to -0.6 eV), the complexes nH2 + Ni- B40N40-? = 0 (n = 5) is inside this domain. For nH2 + Ni- B40N40-? = 15, 30, 45 with (n = 1-2) are outside the (DOE) domain, the complexes nH2 + Ni- B40N40-? = 15, 30, 45 with (n = 3-5) are inside this domain. The hydrogen storage of the irreversible 4H2+ Ni- B40N40-? = 0, 2H2+ Ni- B40N40-? = 15, 30, 45 and reversible 5H2+ Ni- B40N40-? = 0, 3H2+ Ni- B40N40-? = 15, 30, 45 interactions are characterized in terms of density of states, pairwise and non-pairwise additivity, infrared, Raman, electrophilicity and molecular electrostatic potentials. Our calculations expect that 5H2- Ni- B40N40-j = 0, 15, 30, 45 complexes are promising hydrogen storage candidates.
Developing Students’ Language Competence and Essential 21st Century Skills for Future Employability: The Case of Latvia and Lithuania
Authors: Luka Ineta , Seniut Irena 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Nowadays, language and intercultural competences have become core employability skills in many fields, supporting the development of other skills which emphasizes the necessity for specific pedagogic approaches in developing online learning materials and courses that would develop learners’ language competence and other relevant 21st century skills for future employability. The current comparative summative evaluation research conducted in two higher education institutions in Latvia and Lithuania analyses students’ feedback, elicited from 200 students, on the efficiency of the methods and methodologies applied in the course development and their suitability to develop the above-mentioned skills and competences.

Methods:
The research implies a mixed-model design comprising a students’ questionnaire (a quantitative tool) and students’ essays (a qualitative tool). Quantitative data analysis was done applying descriptive and inferential statistics tests by IBM SPSS 22 software, qualitative data analysis – applying discourse analysis.

Results:
The findings indicate that students highly evaluate the learning platform and the courses created. They find them as useful, visually appealing, interesting, interactive, well-structured, and easy to understand. Students acknowledge that they have developed their knowledge of professional lexis, reading skills, grammar and gained useful knowledge in their field. Significant differences were found concerning students’ group, specialization and the course completed – local students vs. international students as to the evaluation of the learning platform, students of IT field vs. business fields, Latvian students vs. Lithuanian students as to the intercultural B2/C1 English course completed. The research results strengthen the cognitions derived from theory on significant issues to be observed when creating blended-learning courses.

Discussion:
The course designed is an alternative way of learning and may be useful for anyone who wishes to update their language and intercultural competence either through a formal or non-formal education course or on a lifelong learning basis.

Limitations:
The research period covered one semester only. Although the study materials for 16 languages have been created, the current paper analyses only the results obtained in piloting English and Spanish courses, with the predominance of learners opting for English courses.

Conclusions:
The research results show that the methods and methodologies applied in the given interactive blended-learning courses have developed the students’ language competence and have fostered the development of their digital competence, team-working and collaboration skills, problem-solving skills and learning-to-learn thus motivating them to become autonomous learners. The pedagogy-based approach applied in the current research has been successful despite a few flaws in the design of the course materials.
Philosophical, Aesthetic, Psychological and Pedagogical Aspects
Authors: Bús Imre 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Computers and the applications of today’s high technology can simulate reality so realistically that virtuality has become part of both children’s and adults’ lifestyles (Nagy & Kölcsey, 2017; Szécsi, 2012). However, it did not emerge with the computer applications, but with human thinking and part of that, the virtual conception of the world. In addition to social changes this development can be observed on individuals as well.

Purpose:
This study shows the development of virtuality through the examples of cultural, philosophical, aesthetic, then the psychological and pedagogical development of the individual with the help of some important studies.

Methods:
This study presents the social and individual development of virtuality throughout theoretical analysis of the research results.

Conclusion:
Virtuality has already an important role in the technological and economic sphere and its impact on social innovations, individual and social life can be felt as well. Virtuality-research, its application and improvement contribute to experience a more complete reality and to the improvement of human life quality.
The Role of Resilience in Coping with Negative Parental Behaviour
Authors: Barnová Silvia , Tamášová Viola , Krásna Slávka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Negative parental behaviour is among the significant risk factors that can have a negative impact on an individual’s development. In certain contexts, when appropriate protective factors are available, individuals deal with adversity better and it does not come to a decrease in their social performance nor their achievement in various spheres of life.

Purpose:
The purpose of the presented paper is to provide a literature review on the role of resilience in dealing with harsh circumstances when negative parental behaviour occurs in a family.

Methods:
In the study, the traditional desk research method was used to gather data.

Conclusions:
Exposure to negative parental behaviour – including abuse and neglect, as well as domestic violence, can have detrimental consequences for children’s health and welfare. Under such circumstances, protective factors available to children play a significant role. Exposure to negative parental behaviour, including abuse and neglect, as well as domestic violence, can have detrimental consequences for children’s health and welfare. Under such circumstances, protective factors available to children play a significant role. If a family fails to protect a child or even represents a risk factor in the child’s life, the importance of other social institutions, such as schools, church, peer groups, etc., increases, as both internal and external protective factors are important. They can provide children at risk with support, help them develop own coping strategies and foster their resilience in order to overcome significant adversity in their families without serious harm. An individual’s resilience is a decisive factor in the process of dealing with threatening situations.
TRANSFORMASI PERTUNJUKAN WAYANG BEBER JAKA KEMBANG KUNING MENJADI PERTUNJUKAN TEATER PANGGUNG
Authors: Nurcahyono Wahid 
Published: August 2019

Visually traditional Wayang Beber becomes unattractive when compared with the puppet, puppet show, or other stage plays. This is the reason why Wayang Beber need to get a good touch broadly on the form and meaning of the play contained therein. Theatrical action, song and music, color and composition are used as a means of said stories provide a wider opportunity for the emergence of imagination in the audience. The entire string of performances will form a separate text with an open and straightforward meaning. Active role of the viewer is needed in order to create a strong braid between the artist, the copyrighted work as well as the audience. It takes the efforts to invite more radical audience to be part of an artwork intact. Breakthroughs such as involving the viewer to enter into the process or the show can be a separate option in the lifestyles of people who are too lazy to visit the venue. Invites viewers into direct contact with the expected performances more intimate communication. Key word : Wayang Beber, unattractive, intimate communication