bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ANIMAIS NÃO-HUMANOS PELA HUMANIDADE: NECESSIDADE OU ESPECISMO? Use of non-human animals for humanity: need or speciesism?
Authors: OLIVEIRA Fábio Corrêa Souza de , BASTIANI Ana Cristina Bacega de , PELLENZ Mayara 
Published: November 2018

<p>Tendo em vista a atualidade do tema, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise a respeito da problemática que envolve os animais não-humanos e seus direitos. Diante do novo momento que a humanidade vive é preciso investigar se além dos seres humanos os animais não-humanos, comprovadamente seres sencientes, devem possuir direitos além de desenvolver algumas considerações a respeito de uma ética animal. Como seres senscientes, estes merecem especial atenção e respeito. O ser humano é responsável por criar esta consciência e colocar em prática ações que demonstrem que não é um ser especista e que defende apenas o seu interesse. Hoje, o olhar sobre o mundo é mais amplo, e demanda do ser humano esta postura. Este estudo, portanto, é desenvolvido para refletir a respeito das questões apresentadas e que refletem no modo de agir humano, o que visa uma mudança em alguns parâmetros dos hábitos vida humana. </p>
Screening of Hyperlipidemia Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States
Authors: Navarro‐Millán Iris , Yang Shuo , Chen Lang , Yun Huifeng , Jagpal Aprajita , Bartels Christie M. , Fraenkel Liana , Safford Monika M. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the proportion of primary lipid screening among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compare it with those among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and patients with neither RA nor DM, and to assess whether primary lipid screening varied according to the health care provider (rheumatologist versus non‐rheumatologist).MethodsWe analyzed claims data from US private and public health plans from 2006–2010. Eligibility requirements included continuous medical and pharmacy coverage for ≥12 months (baseline period) and >2 physician diagnoses and relevant medications to define RA, DM, RA and DM, or neither condition. Among the 330,695 eligible participants, we calculated the proportion with a lipid profile ordered during the 2 years following baseline. Time‐varying Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the probability of hyperlipidemia screening in participants with RA according to provider specialty.ResultsMore than half of the patients were ages 41–71 years. Among patients with RA (n = 12,182), DM (n = 62,834), RA and DM (n = 1,082), and those who did not have either condition (n = 167,811), the proportion screened for hyperlipidemia was 37%, 60%, 55%, and 41%, respectively. Patients with RA who visited a rheumatologist and a non‐rheumatology clinician during follow‐up had a 55% (95% confidence interval 1.36–1.78) higher screening probability than those who only visited a rheumatologist.ConclusionPrimary lipid screening was suboptimal among patients with RA. It was also lower for patients with DM and minimally different from the general population. Screening was higher for RA patients who received care from both a rheumatologist and a non‐rheumatologist (e.g., primary care physician).
Real‐time iterative learning control‐two applications with time scales between years and nanoseconds
Authors: Lautenschlager Björn , Pfeiffer Sven , Schmidt Christian , Lichtenberg Gerwald 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIterative learning control (ILC) is a family of digital control concepts, which can be used for a large variety of different applications. Each application has its own properties like sampling time and storage needs. This paper shows two real‐time ILC applications with different time scales and storage demands. First, the cavities of one of the world's leading pulsed free‐electron laser are controlled by a norm‐optimal ILC using only the information about the last pulse but with sample times below microseconds. Second, a heating system is controlled by a data‐driven ILC with a sample time in the range of minutes but using all available historic data sets of past trials. Tensor decomposition methods for storage demand and complexity reduction are applied to both applications, which results in a norm‐optimal tensor ILC, as well as, a data‐driven tensor ILC, although the time constants for the two applications vary by eight orders of magnitude.
Defect‐Stabilized Triplet State Excitons: Toward Ultralong Organic Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Shi Wenying , Yao Jian , Bai Liqian , Lu Chao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeneration of organic room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) with high efficiency and long lifetime has encountered great obstacles because the luminescence process of long‐lived excitons generally involves the conversion of the spin‐allowed singlet excitons to the spin‐forbidden triplet excitons. In contrast, the lifetime and efficiency of inorganic RTP materials are often superior to those of organic materials, because their luminescence derives from gradual release of trapped charge carriers from isolated traps (defects). Such a trapping–detrapping mechanism inspires one to take advantage of the defects of inorganic materials for stabilizing triplet state excitons and enhancing RTP performances of organic materials (e.g., carbon dots, CDs). Based on the above principle, as‐prepared CDs‐based material shows ultralong RTP lifetime of about 800 ms under ambient conditions. Interestingly, in this system the appearance of the tunneling‐related exciton transfer process assists the acquisition of long‐lived phosphorescence. The designed organic–inorganic RTP composite builds a bridge between organic and inorganic luminescence mechanisms.
Substrate‐Controlled Diastereoselectivity Switch in the Formation of Dihydrothieno[3,4‐c]coumarins via [4+1] Annulations
Authors: Yu Li‐Si‐Han , Meng Chang‐Yu , Wang Jing , Gao Zhi‐Jian , Xie Jian‐Wu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn expedient and practical route for realizing a novel, substrate‐controlled diastereoselective switch strategy has been successfully developed. The [4+1] annulation of thioamides with sulfur ylides proceeded smoothly via a Michael addition triggered sequential process, and trans‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐c]coumarins were obtained because of steric hindrance effects between the benzoyl group and the unit of 2H‐chromen‐2‐one as shown in the Newman projection. Nucleophilic substitution was observed as the key step when the sulfur ylides were replaced with acetophenones in the [4+1] annulation, and a double π,π‐stacking donor‐acceptor interaction stabilized the transition state that led to the cis‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐c]coumarins. In addition, a facile chemoselective reaction was also investigated, providing a series of thieno[3,4‐c]coumarins.magnified image
Transition‐Metal Free Construction of Isoquinoline‐fused Triazines Containing Alkenyl C−X Bonds
Authors: Cheng Xiao , Cao Xia , Zhou Shuang‐Jing , Cai Bao‐Gui , He Xiang‐Kui , Xuan Jun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA halogen and base‐mediated [3+3]‐cycloaddition reaction of in situ generated azaoxyallyl cations with in situ formed C,N‐cyclic azomethine imines is reported. This one‐pot transition metal‐free cycloaddition process exhibits broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and affords a series of biologically important isoquinoline‐fused triazines in good to excellent yields, which containing valuable alkenyl C−X bonds (X=Br, I).magnified image
Catalytic Oxidative Coupling Cyclization for Construction of Benzofuroindolenines under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Lin Yuqi , Ye Jinxiang , Zhang Wenting , Gao Yu , Chen Haijun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe describe iron‐catalyzed oxidative coupling cyclization of tetrahydrocarbazoles or THβCs or THγCs to form benzofuroindolenines as fused polycyclic indoles. This mild, efficient and simple approach afforded a library of more than 52 complex compounds across a range of substrate classes with good to excellent yields.magnified image
Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of N2to NH3by MnO: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations
Authors: Wang Zao , Gong Feng , Zhang Ling , Wang Rui , Ji Lei , Liu Qian , Luo Yonglan , Guo Haoran , Li Yuehui , Gao Peng , Shi Xifeng , Li Baihai , Tang Bo , Sun Xuping 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNH3is a valuable chemical with a wide range of applications, but the conventional Haber–Bosch process for industrial‐scale NH3production is highly energy‐intensive with serious greenhouse gas emission. Electrochemical reduction offers an environmentally benign and sustainable route to convert N2to NH3at ambient conditions, but its efficiency depends greatly on identifying earth‐abundant catalysts with high activity for the N2reduction reaction. Here, it is reported that MnO particles act as a highly active catalyst for electrocatalytic hydrogenation of N2to NH3with excellent selectivity. In 0.1mNa2SO4, this catalyst achieves a high Faradaic efficiency up to 8.02% and a NH3yield of 1.11 × 10−10mol s−1cm−2at −0.39 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, with great electrochemical and structural stability. On the basis of density functional theory calculations, MnO (200) surface has a smaller adsorption energy toward N than that of H with the *N2→ *N2H transformation being the potential‐determining step in the nitrogen reduction reaction.
TiO2‐Coated Interlayer‐Expanded MoSe2/Phosphorus‐Doped Carbon Nanospheres for Ultrafast and Ultralong Cycling Sodium Storage
Authors: Wang Yuyu , Wang Yunxiao , Kang Wenpei , Cao Dongwei , Li Chenxu , Cao Dongxu , Kang Zixi , Sun Daofeng , Wang Rongming , Cao Yuliang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBased on multielectron conversion reactions, layered transition metal dichalcogenides are considered promising electrode materials for sodium‐ion batteries, but suffer from poor cycling performance and rate capability due to their low intrinsic conductivity and severe volume variations. Here, interlayer‐expanded MoSe2/phosphorus‐doped carbon hybrid nanospheres coated by anatase TiO2 (denoted as MoSe2/P‐C@TiO2) are prepared by a facile hydrolysis reaction, in which TiO2 coating polypyrrole‐phosphomolybdic acid is utilized as a novel precursor followed by a selenization process. Benefiting from synergistic effects of MoSe2, phosphorus‐doped carbon, and TiO2, the hybrid nanospheres manifest unprecedented cycling stability and ultrafast pseudocapacitive sodium storage capability. The MoSe2/P‐C@TiO2 delivers decent reversible capacities of 214 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1 for 8000 cycles, 154 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1 for 10000 cycles, and an exceptional rate capability up to 20.0 A g−1 with a capacity of ≈175 mAh g−1 in a voltage range of 0.5–3.0 V. Coupled with a Na3V2(PO4)3@C cathode, a full cell successfully confirms a reversible capacity of 242.2 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 for 100 cycles with a coulombic efficiency over 99%.
Fe‐Ni‐Mo Nitride Porous Nanotubes for Full Water Splitting and Zn‐Air Batteries
Authors: Zhu Chunling , Yin Zhuoxun , Lai Weihong , Sun Yue , Liu Lina , Zhang Xitian , Chen Yujin , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHigh‐performance catalysts are required in various energy storage and conversion systems. In this work, hierarchical Ni‐Fe‐Mo trimetal nitride nanotubes (NTs) as highly efficient, low‐cost, robustly stable, multifunctional catalysts through room‐temperature Fe incorporation and subsequent thermal treatment for full water splitting and Zn‐air batteries are fabricated. The two‐electrode electrolyzer assembled from the NTs delivers a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.513 V, outperforming the precious metal IrO2|Pt couple and state‐of‐the‐art bifunctional catalysts. Furthermore, two all‐solid‐state Zn‐air batteries with the hierarchical NT air cathode in series can power 55 red light‐emitting diodes with excellent operation stability, at the same time as the electrolyzer based on the hierarchical NTs.
Chemical Synthesis of Magnetically Hard and Strong Rare Earth Metal Based Nanomagnets
Authors: Shen Bo , Yu Chao , Baker Alexander A. , McCall Scott K. , Yu Yongsheng , Su Dong , Yin Zhouyang , Liu Hu , Li Junrui , Sun Shouheng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report a general chemical approach to synthesize strongly ferromagnetic rare‐earth metal (REM) based SmCo and SmFeN nanoparticles (NPs) with ultra‐large coercivity. The synthesis started with the preparation of hexagonal CoO+Sm2O3 (denoted as SmCo‐O) multipods via decomposition of Sm(acac)3 and Co(acac)3 in oleylamine. These multipods were further reduced with Ca at 850 °C to form SmCo5 NPs with sizes tunable from 50 to 200 nm. The 200 nm SmCo5 NPs were dispersed in ethanol, and magnetically aligned in polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, yielding a PEG‐SmCo5 NP composite with the room temperature coercivity (Hc) of 49.2 kOe, the largest Hc among all ferromagnetic NPs ever reported, and saturated magnetic moment (Ms) of 88.7 emu g−1, the highest value reported for SmCo5 NPs. The method was extended to synthesize other ferromagnetic NPs of Sm2Co17, and, for the first time, of Sm2Fe17N3 NPs with Hc over 15 kOe and Ms reaching 127.9 emu g−1. These REM based NPs are important magnetic building blocks for fabrication of high‐performance permanent magnets, flexible magnets, and printable magnetic inks for energy and sensing applications.
Two MnII, CuII complexes derived from 3,5‐bis(1‐imidazoly) pyridine: Synthesis, DNA binding, Molecular docking and cytotoxicity studies
Authors: Zhu Mingchang , Liu Jiaxing , Su Junqi , Meng Bo , Feng Yunhui , Jia Bing , Peng Tingting , Qi Zhenzhen , Gao Enjun 
Published: November 2018

Two complexes [MnL2 (H2O)2]·2ClO4 (complex 1) and [CuL(H2O)3]·2NO3 (complex 2) (where L = 3,5‐bis(1‐imidazoly) pyridine) were designed and synthesized. The structures of the complexes were characterized by X‐ray crystallography, elemental analyses, and infrared spectrum. The interaction capacity of the complexes with calf thymus DNA has been investigated by UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. Gel electrophoresis assay demonstrated the ability of the complexes to cleave the pBR322 plasmid DNA. Efficient binding properties of DNA were established by UV–vis, fluorescence, and gel electrophoresis. The intrinsic binding constants (Kb) were calculated to be 0.1524, 0.1041 for complexes 1–2, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the two complexes exhibited a higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines and lower cytotoxicity toward the normal cell lines. Flow cytometry demonstrated the cancer cell inhibitory rate of two complexes. Furthermore, computer‐aided molecular docking studies were performed to visualize the binding mode of the drug candidate at the molecular level. Interestingly, complex 1 exhibited a significant cancer cell inhibitory rate than cisplatin and other complexes.
Actin Microridges
Authors: Depasquale Joseph A. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTMicroridges are highly distinctive “fingerprint”‐patterned structures situated on the outer surface of superficial layer cells of the epithelium. An F‐actin‐based cytoskeleton is the underlying core structural component of microridges. The basis for much of what is known about microridges has been provided by in vivo and in vitro fish epithelial systems. Nonetheless the microridge literature is quite small, especially when compared with other actin‐based cellular structures such as those involved in cell motility. A PubMed search of the terms “Microridges” yields 261 citations from the mid‐1970s to the writing of this review. “Microplicae,” an alternative name for microridges, and “Actin Microridges” search terms give 204 and 8 references, respectively, in the same time period. By comparison a search of “Lamellipodia” over the same time period yields over 6,400 citations for this important motility structure while a search of the associated “filopodia” results in close to 7,300 articles. Despite the near‐ubiquity of microridges in epithelia across species the study of these structures has clearly been neglected. In‐depth analysis of microridge molecular composition is very limited while their function remains unclear. This review draws upon information derived from studies of fish as well as mammalian species to provide a more comprehensive view of these structures. The wide‐spread distribution of these structures between species and various tissues indicate the microridges have important and common functions in healthy organisms. Conversely, disease conditions may show alterations in microridge structure and function and thus warrant further investigation. Anat Rec, 301:2037–2050, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regio/Stereoselective Glycosylation of Diol and Polyol Acceptors in Efficient Synthesis of Neu5Ac‐α‐2,3‐LacNPhth Trisaccharide
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhao Fu‐Long , Luo Tao , Pei Zhichao , Dong Hai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA concise approach to a Neu5Ac‐α‐2,3‐LacNPhth trisaccharide derivative was developed. First, the regio/stereoselective glycosylation between glycoside donors and glucoNPhth diol acceptors was investigated. It was found that the regioselectivity depends not only on the steric hindrance of the C2‐NPhth group and the C6‐OH protecting group of the glucosamine acceptors, but also on the leaving group and protecting group of the glycoside donors. Under optimized conditions, LacNPhth derivatives were synthesized in up to 92 % yield through a regio/stereoselective glycosylation between peracetylated‐α‐galactopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate and p‐methoxyphenyl 6‐O‐tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl‐2‐deoxy‐2‐phthalimido‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside, avoiding the formation of glycosylated orthoesters and anomeric aglycon transfer. Then, the LacNPhth derivative was deacylated and then protected on the primary position by TBDPS to form a LacNPhth polyol acceptor. Finally, the Neu5Ac‐α‐2,3‐LacNPhth derivative was synthesized in 48 % yield through the regio/stereoselective glycosylation between the LacNPhth polyol acceptor and a sialyl phosphite donor. Starting from d‐glucosamine hydrochloride, the target Neu5Ac‐α‐2,3‐LacNPhth derivative was synthesized in a total yield of 18.5 % over only 10 steps.
RiSLnet: Rapid identification of smart mutant libraries using protein structure network. Application to thermal stability enhancement
Authors: Upadhyay Roopali , Kim Jin Young , Hong Eun Young , Lee Sun‐Gu , Seo Joo‐Hyun , Kim Byung‐Gee 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA key point of protein stability engineering is to identify specific target residues whose mutations can stabilize the protein structure without negatively affecting the function or activity of the protein. Here, we propose a method called RiSLnet (Rapid identification of Smart mutant Library using residue network) to identify such residues by combining network analysis for protein residue interactions, identification of conserved residues, and evaluation of relative solvent accessibility. To validate its performance, the method was applied to four proteins, that is, T4 lysozyme, ribonuclease H, barnase, and cold shock protein B. Our method predicted beneficial mutations in thermal stability with ~62% average accuracy when the thermal stability of the mutants was compared with the ones in the Protherm database. It was further applied to lysine decarboxylase (CadA) to experimentally confirm its accuracy and effectiveness. RiSLnet identified mutations increasing the thermal stability of CadA with the accuracy of ~60% and significantly reduced the number of candidate residues (~99%) for mutation. Finally, combinatorial mutations designed by RiSLnet and in silico saturation mutagenesis yielded a thermally stable triple mutant with the half‐life (T
1/2) of 114.9 min at 58°C, which is approximately twofold higher than that of the wild‐type.
Platinum(II) Complexes with 1,10‐Phenanthroline and Hydrophilic Alkoxyacetate Ligands as Potential Antitumor Agents
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Wei Huaixin , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Xin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFour platinum complexes, formulated as [Pt(phen)(OCOCH2OR)2] (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline, R=Me, Et, iPr, or tBu), have been synthesized and well characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and ESI‐MS spectroscopy. Replacing chloride groups of the precursor Pt(phen)Cl2 with alkoxyacetate anions greatly improved the aqueous solubility and cytotoxicity of the resulting platinum complexes. The in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that complexes 1–3 were active in vitro towards four human tumor cell lines, especially complex 1 which exhibited prominent in vitro cytotoxic activity against HCT‐116 cell lines comparable to cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Flow cytometry assay indicated that representative complexes 1 and 2 exerted cytotoxicity on HCT‐116 cell lines through inducing cell apoptosis and blocking cell cycle progression in the S or G2/M phases. The interaction of representative complexes with pET28a plasmid DNA was tested by agarose gel electrophoresis, which demonstrated that complexes 1 and 2 were capable of distorting plasmid DNA mainly by covalent binding and degradation effect.
Impact of hyperprolactinemia in a patient with polyautoimmunity
Authors: Rojas Manuel , Rodríguez Yhojan , Ramírez‐Santana Carolina , Anaya Juan‐Manuel 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageHyperprolactinemia has been proposed as a triggering factor for autoimmune diseases. The increased levels of prolactin could induce an abnormal immune response. Herein, we present a patient with hyperprolactinemia who developed polyautoimmunity. Patient's symptoms were associated with slightly raised levels of prolactin (20‐40 ng/mL) and administration of dopaminergic agonists.
C‐N Bond Formation Catalyzed by Ruthenium Nanoparticles Supported on N‐Doped Carbon via Acceptorless Dehydrogenation to Secondary Amines, Imines, Benzimidazoles and Quinoxalines
Authors: Guo Bin , Li Hong‐Xi , Zhang Shi‐Qi , Young David James , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRuthenium nanoparticles (NPs) supported on N‐doped carbon (Ru/N−C) were prepared by the pyrolysis of cis‐Ru(phen)2Cl2 loaded onto carbon powder (VULCAN XC72R) at 800 °C. Ru/N−C NPs (0.2 mol% Ru) selectively catalyzed either acceptorless dehydrogenation coupling (ADC) or auto‐transfer‐hydrogen (ATH) reactions of amines with alcohols to imines and secondary amines. Such selectivity could be controlled by the choice of alkali metal ion associated with the base. Under similar catalytic conditions, the ADC cross‐coupling of diamines with primary alcohols or diols afforded the corresponding benzimidazoles and quinoxalines in good to excellent yields. This catalytic system displayed good activity, recyclability, and wide applicability to a diverse range of substrates.
Resonance Energy Transfer in a Genetically Engineered Polypeptide Results in Unanticipated Fluorescence Intensity
Authors: Seeley Jason P. , Cotlet Mircea , Eagleton Aileen M. , Higashiya Seiichiro , Welch John T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe fluorescence intensity of a C‐terminal acceptor chromophore, N‐(7‐dimethylamino‐4‐methyl coumarin (DACM), increased proportionally with 280 nm irradiation of an increasing number of donor tryptophan residues located on a β‐sheet forming polypeptide. The fluorescence intensity of the acceptor chromophore increased even as the length of the β‐sheet edge approached 256 Å, well beyond the Förster radius for the tryptophan–acceptor chromophore pair. The folding of the peptides under investigation was verified by circular dichroism (CD) and deep UV resonance Raman experiments. Control experiments showed that the enhancement of DACM fluorescence occurred concomitantly with peptide folding. In other control experiments, the DACM fluorescence intensity of the solutions of tryptophan and DACM did not show any enhancement of DACM fluorescence with increasing tryptophan concentrations. Formation of fibrillar aggregates of the substrate peptides prepared for the fluorescence studies was undetectable by thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence.