bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on radio opaque foreign body in digestive tract of children
Authors: Mohan M. Bharathi , P. Satish Kumar , V. J. Vikram , M. Kiruthiga 
Published: February 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">An estimated 40 percent of foreign body ingestions in children are not witnessed, and in many cases, the child never develops symptoms. Sharp foreign body, button battery must be carefully removed and followed up for any complications. Foreign bodies that have passed the gastroesophageal junction should be assured that the foreign body will probably pass through the GI tract. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A retrospective analysis of the records of the children below 12 years with foreign body ingestions were analysed and the radio-opaque foreign body were included in the study period between March 2012 to March 2015. The x-ray were analysed, type of foreign body, treatment and complications were noted. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">There were 45 children included in the study who had ingested foreign body and on radiological evaluation radio opaque foreign body was found. The coin topped the list with 30, button battery- 7 numbers, safety pin- 5 numbers. In 2 children who ingested button battery suffered cricopharyngeal stricture, which was treated with serial dilatation with bougies, while one child with open safety pin ingestion, developed pseudo- aneurysm of arch of aorta and one ear stud developed stridor with sub glottic stenosis. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The radio opaque foreign though is easy to visualise, but in some case it can dangerous complications. Rigid oesophagoscopy and prompt removal of foreign body is the treatment of choice.</span></p>
Corporate Governance and Organisational Performance: Analysis of Nigeria Stock Exchange Listed Companies
Authors: Fadun Olajide Solomon 
Published: February 2018

<p><em>Corporate governance is relevant in both developed and emerging economies. The study investigated the impact of corporate governance on organisational performance, using thirty (30) randomly selected listed companies in the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) in the year 2016. The study focused on three corporate governance variables (i.e., Board Size, Board Independence, CEO Duality/Tenure); and two performance variables - i.e., Returns on Asset (ROA) and Returns on Equity (ROE). The study does not cover the market measure performance variable of Tobin’s Q. The study is an empirical research, with analytical research design. Secondary data, extracted from published annual reports of selected quoted companies and NSE website, is used for the study. The findings revealed a positive correlation between board size, independence directors, and performance variables; but, showed a negative correlation between CEO tenure and performance variables. The result showed that number of directors was not positively related to performance in selected quoted companies in terms of ROA; but, it revealed a positive correlation between board size and performance in terms of ROE. It also showed that the correlation between CEO tenure and performance variables was negative on the two performance variables (ROA and ROE). Regarding relationship between CEO Duality and performance variables (ROA and ROE), the result showed that CEO Duality has a positive correlation with ROA; but had a negative relationship with ROE. Generally, the study revealed that adoption of sound corporate governance practices by listed companies can improve their performance. Companies can benefit from this improved corporate governance practices by way of increased investment from investors and reduced capital cost. Shareholders confidence would be enhanced with attendant improvement in shareholders wealth. The nation’s economy would also benefit from sound corporate governance practices by way of improved GDP. </em></p>
Diversidad de la dieta en mujeres que habitan en inseguridad alimentaria en México, beneficiarias de un programa de ayuda alimentaria.
Authors: Morales Ruán María del Carmen , Valenzuela Bravo Danae Gabriela , Jiménez Aguilar Alejandra , Cuevas Nasu Lucia , Méndez Gómez Humarán Ignacio , Shamah Levy Teresa 
Published: February 2018

ResumenIntroducción: La diversidad alimentaria es una aproximación de la calidad de la dieta. En México, el Programa de Apoyo Alimentario (PAL) otorga apoyos en efectivo (PAL EFECTIVO) o a través de transferencias monetarias en una tarjeta destinada exclusivamente para la compra de alimentos (PAL SIN-HAMBRE) a familias en situación de pobreza alimentaria, buscando mejorar la diversidad de su alimentación.Objetivo: Comparar la diversidad de la dieta en mujeres beneficiarias de ambos esquemas y su asociación con el nivel de inseguridad alimentaria (IA) en el hogar.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, en una muestra aleatoria nacional de 243 beneficiarias del PAL EFECTIVO y 277 del PAL SIN-HAMBRE en 14 estados. Se construyó un modelo de regresión logística multinomial para medir la asociación entre el índice de percepción de IA y su relación con el PAL y el índice de diversidad de la dieta.Resultados: Se observó que el esquema PAL SIN-HAMBRE se asocia a menor probabilidad de IA leve y severa con respecto al PAL EFECTIVO, al observar la interacción entre el tipo de esquema y el índice de diversidad de la dieta, el esquema PAL EFECTIVO mostró menor probabilidad de IA severa cuando el índice de diversidad de la dieta es mayor con respecto al PAL SIN-HAMBRE.Conclusiones: La relación entre la IA en el hogar y la baja diversidad de la dieta están asociadas en mujeres en edad fértil y es mayor en aquellas pertenecientes al PAL SIN-HAMBRE.Palabras clave: Dieta, Inseguridad Alimentaria, Programas de Ayuda Alimentaria.
The oasis of Moghrar (southwest Algeria): water resources and management
Authors: Hadidi A. , Remini B. , Habi M. , Saba D. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The oasis of Moghrar is located in the wilaya (province) of Naama, in the southwest of Algeria. It is well known for its Ksours, its palm groves and the good quality of its fruit and vegetables, especially the dates and their varieties. This region contains important groundwater and surface water resources. For several centuries, domestic water supply and irrigation have been carried out using traditional techniques of water harvesting such as pendulum wells and foggaras. Currently, this hydraulic heritage is meeting technical and social problems, particularly with the contribution of drilling and motor-pumps. The main issues are water table drawdown, the drying-up of water sources and degradation and decay of traditional techniques. The objective of this study is to make an inventory of all water sources in the study area, to study the impact of the contribution of modern techniques on ancestral techniques and finally to propose recommendations for safeguarding the hydraulic heritage.
Theory and preliminary experimental verification of the directional difference of overland flow resistance in distributed hydrological models
Authors: Zhang Shengtang , Liu Yuanchen , Zhang Jingzhou , Liu Ying , Wang Zhikai 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Overland flow is influenced by the spatial variability of the watershed surface and the distribution of vegetation in the process of confluence. Thus, Manning's roughness coefficient, in different directions on the slope, has different values. This causes different effects on the resistance to flow in the downstream direction of each grid cell, affecting the flow distribution among the grid cells of a distributed hydrological model. To show that the spatial variation of the overland vegetation had the effect of directional difference resistance to the overland flow, this study used an indoor fixed-bed test. We used a cylinder to simulate the stems of the vegetation used in the study. We modeled the relationship between Manning's roughness coefficient and flow depth and studied this relationship for three types of vegetation distributed at three different slopes of 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. The slopes were based on three angles of 30°, 45°, and 90° between the vegetation rows and flow. The results showed that the resistance of overland flow had directional differences caused by the spatial variability of the vegetation distribution. At the same slope and flow depth, Manning's roughness coefficient decreased as the angle between flow and vegetation rows increased. At the same slope, the angle between flow and vegetation rows and Manning's roughness coefficient increased as flow depth increased. The slope did not affect the law of Manning's roughness coefficient with changes in the angle between flow and vegetation rows.
AS ELITES PARANAENSES E A DEMOCRACIA: EXPLORANDO A ESTRUTURA DIMENSIONAL E OS DETERMINANTES DOS SEUS VALORES E ATITUDES POLÍTICAS
Authors: Aparecido Ribeiro Ednaldo , Bolognesi Bruno 
Published: February 2018

O artigo investiga a estrutura dimensional dos valores e atitudes polí- ticas de deputados estaduais paranaenses, representantes do que pode- mos chamar de elite política estadual. Partindo do pressuposto de que as orientações subjetivas desse grupo de pessoas são relevantes para a com- preensão dos processos políticos concretos, busca testar a tese da maior sofisticação e consistência interna de sua cultura política, sobretudo no que diz respeito à sua adesão normativa à democracia. Analisando dados produzidos pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa em Sociologia Política Brasileira (NUSP-UFPR) com o emprego da técnica de análise fatorial exploratória constata que o conjunto dos valores e atitudes manifestos por essa elite possui consistência e coerência interna consideráveis.
Mistyczne odkrywanie Boga w "Itinerarium mentis in Deum" św. Bonawentury
Authors: Kiwka Mirosław 
Published: February 2018

Wśród traktatów mistycznych św. Bonawentury poczesne miejsce zajmuje Itinerarium mentis in Deum. Jego treść jest swego rodzaju instruktażem, opisującym różne sposoby odkrywania Boga na drodze duchowego rozwoju. Św. Bonawentura umieścił swoje rozważania w dość precyzyjnym kontekście chrześcijańskiego rozumienia rzeczywistości. Jego wizja powrotu do Boga wpisana została w metafizyczną triadę emanatio-exemplatio- -reductio i jako taka stała się kluczem do rozumienia dziejów świata i człowieka. Poczynione przy tej okazji rozróżnienia i precyzacje czerpią swoje uzasadnienie z bogatego instrumentarium filozoficznego. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest opisanie zasadniczych warunków oraz etapów mistycznej drogi, na której umysł człowieka poprzez medytację stopniowo odkrywa tajemniczą obecność Boga. Prowadzony Bożym światłem, przekraczając ograniczenia natury, duch ludzki przemierza swą drogę najpierw przez świat wobec siebie zewnętrzny (ad extra), by następnie zagłębić się w samym sobie (ad intra) i zwieńczyć swój trud w mistycznej ekstazie zjednoczenia (ad supra). W tej perspektywie przestawione zostały również zasadnicze cechy mistyki Bonawenturiańskiej.
Functional Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Khoy (IRAN)
Authors: Sakhaei Shahriar , Motaarefi Hossein , Zinalpoor Soryya , Sadagheyani Hassan Ebrahimpour 
Published: February 2018

Introduction and Purpose:Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common, hidden, degenerative, and progressive chronic disease that is more prevalent in women than in men. It is caused by damage to the myelin of central nervous system and results in neuropathy. The clinical pattern of the disease is 70 percent relapsing - remitting, and depending on the severity and type of nervous involvement, results in a variety of physical, psychological and social disabilities. The present study was designed to determine the functional level of MS patients.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 70 MS female patients referred to the Health Center for Special Diseases at the Madani Hospital of Khoy in 2016 were selected total samplesviaCensus. Two questionnaires were used: the demographic information form and the 29-question MSISS questionnaire that consists of both physical and psychological dimensions. Data analyses were carried out using SPSS v.16 software for an independent sample T-test, and ANOVA.Results:The 69% of the sample was comprised of married women, 74% were housewives, 83% were found to be disabled, 77% had a relapsing-remitting form of illness and 89% had no communication problems. The average age was 35 years and the average duration of illness was 4 years. Severe physical disability was found in 11.4% and 17.1% suffered from severe psychological disability. The general disease-related disability was considered mild in 65.7%. Disability was related to age, lifestyle, the presence or absence of a caregiver, the type of illness and communication problems. Physical and psychological dimensions of disability were unrelated (p<0.001).Conclusion:According to the high rate of psychological disability compared to physical dimension and effects of physical disorders on the soul, it is necessary to minimize the severity of disability by directing and controlling tensions, changes in lifestyle, the use of complementary therapies, rehabilitation Interventions, psychosocial support, and receiving services from the Association for the supportive of MS patients.Because psychological disability was greater than physical disability, therapy needs to address psychological stressors. Changes in lifestyle, use of complementary therapies, rehabilitation interventions and psychosocial support are recommended. Support associations for MS patients can also be helpful.
Dead Today, Gone Tomorrow: The Framing of Workplace Injury in Canadian Newspapers, 2009–2014
Authors: Foster Jason , Barnetson Bob 
Published: February 2018

Background How the media frames and presents a subject influences how society sees and responds to that issue.Analysis This study uses frame analysis to examine how Canadian English language newspapers portrayed workplace injuries between 2009 and 2014. Three frames emerge: Under Investigation, Human Tragedy, and Before the Courts. There is also a meta-frame casting injuries and fatalities as isolated events happening to “others” with no cause, thus the public ought not be concerned about workplace safety.Conclusion and implications The article concludes that media frames obscure issues of cause and fault, thereby denying workers a full understanding of why injuries happen in the workplace. These frames serve the interests of employers by obfuscating the employer’s role in creating workplace injury and death.
Campaign-Specific Information and Media Effects
Authors: Daoust Jean-François , Sullivan Katherine V.R. 
Published: February 2018

Background This article aims to revisit the role of digital media in acquiring campaign-specific information.Analysis We use datasets from the Making Electoral Democracy Work project that include campaign-specific questions to analyze six regions in three democracies (Canada, Spain, and France).Conclusion and implications Results demonstrate that voters have a moderate level of campaign-specific knowledge and that traditional media are, at first glance, more useful to acquire political information. Nevertheless, when in interaction with partisanship, traditional media display a surprisingly greater selection bias effect and appear less useful to acquire information. We thus argue that digital media are in fact not more vulnerable to potential echo chambers that would lead to a homogenous information environment.
Speaking Up About Bullying on YouTube: Teenagers’ Vlogs as Civic Engagement
Authors: Caron Caroline 
Published: February 2018

Background YouTube is the most popular social networking website among Canadian adolescents, yet little is known about their contribution to the platform’s contents. This article examines youth-produced vlogs created to address a social issue. It seeks to explore the relationship between media creation, civic agency, and participatory politics in the context of visual social media. Analysis This article combines Grounded Theory and Social Semiotics to perform a multimodal content analysis of 55 vlogs posted on YouTube by French-speaking Canadian adolescents on the issue of bullying. Conclusion and implications The article concludes that vlogging allows for the creation of a social space where civic discussions can foster discursive forms of engagement and online activism. Future research could examine patterns of inclusion/exclusion in the access to this civic practice.
Imigração, relações familiares e atividades econômicas no Brasil Meridional: formas de ingresso e mobilidade social de três açorianos em áreas litorâneas da Capitania de São Paulo (Morretes e Paranaguá, 1780-1820)
Authors: Moscaleski Cavazzani André Luiz , Richter Gomes Sandro Aramis 
Published: February 2018

O presente estudo comporta uma investigação sobre os processos de enraizamento e mobilidade social de três imigrantes açorianos em duas áreas litorâneas da Capitania de São Paulo – a povoação de Morretes e a vila de Paranaguá – entre os anos de 1780 e 1820. Em um sentido amplo, a finalidade capital deste artigo consiste em produzir um conhecimento respeitante à natureza das oportunidades sociais e econômicas auferidas por açorianos que participaram do fluxo migratório para áreas litorâneas do Brasil Meridional na segunda metade do século XVIII. Nesse quadro, neste estudo são fundamentados três argumentos. Primeiro, é demonstrado que, no contexto dos anos 1780, a imigração de açorianos para o extremo sul da Capitania de São Paulo era, por vezes, um projeto familiar. Segundo, é salientado que existiam formas de solidariedade entre membros de distintas gerações entre imigrantes açorianos e portugueses estabelecidos na aludida região. A faculdade de ser treinado na vida mercantil por um açoriano ou reinol era uma oportunidade crucial a uma imigrante recém-chegado. Terceiro, destaca-se que uma das principais oportunidades auferidas pelos imigrantes açorianos era o acesso a instituições administrativas municipais. Palavras-chave: Açorianos. Brasil Meridional. Elites locais. Imigração.
Heard It through the Grapevine: Conceptualizing Informal Control through the Lens of Social Network Theory
Authors: Tucker Basil P. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
The investigation of management control has been a continuing theme in management accounting research over the past four decades. Although studies in this area collectively constitute a considerable body of knowledge, the vast majority of research attention has been directed to the design or use associated with formal management control systems (MCS). However, although often recognized as fundamentally inherent within organizational control environments, few studies have explicitly investigated informal control, despite its pervasiveness and the effects repeatedly attributed to it in the overall organizational control package. Predicated on the view that this knowledge gap may be largely explainable by the difficulties associated with conceptualizing and, therefore, operationalizing informal control, the purpose of this study is to advance the use of social network theory as a means to provide a deeper understanding about how informal control operates within organizations, and as an aid in developing more fully specified control models.
JEL Classifications: M41.
Prevalence and Prognostic Impact of Diabetes in Takotsubo Syndrome: Insights From the International, Multicenter GEIST Registry
Authors: Stiermaier Thomas , Santoro Francesco , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Möller Christian , Graf Tobias , Novo Giuseppina , Santangelo Andrea , Mariano Enrica , Romeo Francesco , Caldarola Pasquale , Fanelli Mario , Thiele Holger , Brunetti Natale Daniele , Akin Ibrahim , Eitel Ingo 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE
In view of low prevalence rates, diabetes is discussed as a protective factor for the occurrence of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Furthermore, it was associated with improved outcome in a small single-center analysis. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence and prognostic relevance of concomitant diabetes in TTS.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 826 patients with TTS were enrolled in an international, multicenter, registry-based study (eight centers in Italy and Germany). All-cause mortality was compared between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes, and the independent predictive value of diabetes was evaluated in multivariate regression analysis.

RESULTS
The prevalence of diabetes was 21.1% (n = 174). TTS patients with diabetes were older (P &lt; 0.001), were more frequently male (P = 0.003), had a higher prevalence of hypertension (P &lt; 0.001), physical triggers (P = 0.041), and typical apical ballooning (P = 0.010), had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.008), had a higher rate of pulmonary edema (P = 0.032), and had a longer hospital stay (P = 0.009). However, 28-day all-cause mortality did not differ between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes (6.4% vs. 5.7%; hazard ratio [HR] 1.11 [95% CI 0.55–2.25]; P = 0.772). Longer-term follow-up after a median of 2.5 years revealed a significantly higher mortality among TTS patients with diabetes (31.4% vs. 16.5%; P &lt; 0.001), and multivariate regression analysis identified diabetes as an independent predictor of adverse outcome (HR 1.66 [95% CI 1.16–2.39]; P = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes is not uncommon in patients with TTS, is associated with increased longer-term mortality rates, and is an independent predictor of adverse outcome irrespective of additional risk factors.
Endoscopic sphenoidotomy
Authors: Bulescu I. , Ioniţă C. , Coman A. , Panfiloiu A. , Costache Andreea Nicoleta , Guligă Alexandra , Budu Vlad Andrei , Decuseară Tatiana  , Tușaliu Mihai 
Published: February 2018

Given the progress of endoscopic surgical techniques detailed knowledge of nasosinusal local anatomy is an essential clinical request for surgeons. In this paper, the aim of the authors is to illustrate the surgical endoscopic technique of sphenoidotomy and to provide a step-by-step description of the main stages
of the surgical intervention.
Cervical dissecting hematoma associated with the use of oral anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy: three clinical cases
Authors: Sandul A. , Buracovschi M. , Buracovschi N. 
Published: February 2018

The authors present three cases that required emergency admission for rapidly aggravating dyspnoea and severely impaired deglutition of sudden onset in patients treated with Coumarin derivatives, and/or antiplatelets for potential risk of thrombotic vascular events. The problems in establishing a diagnosis and differential diagnosis, the complexity of emergency therapy and the management of medication during hemostasis required a multidisciplinary team of specialists in ENT, Intensive Care, Cardiology, Imaging and Laboratory Medicine. The article highlights the ENT emergency management issues in these cases with a complex pathological background, which have in common the necessity to offer assistance and secure breathing for pharyngolaryngeal dyspnoea.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Silveira Vladmir Oliveira da 
Published: February 2018

A Revista de Direito Brasileira (Brazilian Journal Of Law) – RDBras é uma publicação semestral da Editora Revista dos Tribunais e oficial do Conpedi, que visa fomentar o estudo das questões mais relevantes que envolvem a jurisdição constitucional tanto em âmbito nacional quanto estrangeiro. Neste sentido, procura-se estudar os principais temas do Direito Contemporâneo de modo reflexivo e dialético. Objetiva-se criar um campo vasto de discussão e aproximação do Direito interno e internacional, propiciando um intercâmbio de informações e soluções sobre as mais diversas questões jurídicas situadas no âmbito da jurisdição constitucional. Tem como finalidade oferecer aos estudiosos do Direito uma visão atualizada dos principais temas das Cortes Constitucionais, buscando aproximar a teoria da prática.