bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake of Risk‐Reducing Salpingo‐Oophorectomy and Gynaecologic Surveillance Among Germline BRCA Pathogenic Variants Carriers
Authors: Inzoli Alessandra , Negri Serena , Dell'Oro Cristina , Costa Clarissa , Marchetta Liliana , Boccadutri Mariaclara , Fumagalli Simona , Roversi Gaia , Sala Elena Maria , Celi Chiara , Rossi Valentina , Fruscio Robert 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionRisk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy (RRSO) is recommended by international guidelines in women with BRCA1/2 germline pathogenic variants (PV) to prevent ovarian cancer. Despite the solid recommendation, women frequently refuse surgery and uptake rates reported in the literature are diverse. This study analyses the uptake rate of RRSO in BRCA 1/2 PV‐carriers referred to a specialised referral centre for first counselling and investigate personal factors linked to the decision.MethodsThis is a single‐centre prospective study of BRCA1/2 PV‐carriers referred for the first counselling to IRCCS Fondazione San Gerardo de’ Tintori (Monza, Italy) between January 2010 and May 2023. Depending on individual characteristics, women were either proposed RRSO or surveillance, consisting of transvaginal ultrasound and CA125 measurement twice per year according to Regional guidelines. Women within the centre have access to a clinical psychologist, a nutritional consult and treatment of menopausal atrophy with diode vaginal laser. The primary endpoint of the study was the uptake rate of RRSO. The secondary objective was to evaluate the main reasons for refusing surgery.ResultsAmong the 287 women included, surgery was proposed to 205 women either at first counselling or during surveillance and was accepted by 197, with an uptake rate of 96.1%. 17.25% of women met the psychologist before or after surgery. The main reasons for refusing RRSO were fear of iatrogenic menopause and childbearing desire.ConclusionThis study shows a high uptake rate of RRSO in BRCA PV‐carriers. We believe that the presence of a dedicated outpatient clinic with a multidisciplinary team contributes decisively to our results. Gynaecologic surveillance, as though not beneficial in terms of oncological prevention, may play a significant role in encouraging women with BRCA PV to opt for risk‐reducing surgery.
Gut Microbiota Regulates Food Intake in a Rodent Model of Intermittent Limited Access to Palatable Food
Authors: Demangeat Thomas , Loison Léa , Huré Marion , do Rego Jean‐Luc , Déchelotte Pierre , Achamrah Najate , Coëffier Moïse , Ribet David 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveBinge‐eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of consumption of large amounts of food within a short period of time, without compensatory purging behaviors. This disease is a major public health issue and is associated with numerous comorbidities, encompassing anxiety and depression. The gut microbiota has been proposed to be an important player in the onset or maintenance of eating disorders. Here, we aim to better delineate the potential role of the gut microbiota in binge‐eating disorder.MethodWe used a model of intermittent limited access to palatable food where eight‐week‐old C57Bl/6 female mice had access during 2 h, every 2 days over a 10‐day period, to a high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet. Half of the animals received antibiotics to deplete their gut microbiota. Eating behavior and other behavioral parameters were compared between groups.ResultsWe observed an increase in food intake as well as tachyphagia during the intermittent access to high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet. We demonstrate that gut microbiota depletion further increases food intake during these episodes and promotes binge‐eating behavior. No impact on anxiety or depressive‐like behavior was observed in animals.DiscussionThese results show that the gut microbiota is involved in the control of food intake during episodes of binge‐eating. This strengthens the potential role of the gut bacteria in binge‐eating disorder and the interest in therapeutic strategies aiming at modulating the patients' gut microbiota to treat this eating disorder.
Water productivity and economic feasibility of drip irrigation system investment in tomato cultivation: Case of northeastern Tunisia
Authors: Messaoudi Fatma , Ben Nouna Bechir , Chebil Ali , Ounaies Fayçal , Ben Alaya Atef 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTunisia is characterized by water scarcity, growing water demand and considerable waste of this resource especially in the agricultural sector. To cope with this situation and enhance water productivity, appropriate utilization of advanced irrigation methods such as drip irrigation is highly needed. Hence, this research aims to evaluate the profitability of drip irrigation systems compared with surface irrigation systems at the perimeter of Echraf, which is located in the northeastern of Tunisia. Primary data were collected from 25 adopters of the Drip Irrigation System and 13 non‐adopters. The results of the partial budget analysis revealed that the average total cost for adopters was higher than that for non‐adopters. However, the net margin was higher for adopters than for non‐adopters. This is due to the greater increase in gross revenue for adopters than for non‐adopters. Additionally, drip irrigation resulted in more efficient water use and water values than did the surface irrigation system. Economic profitability analysis via the benefit cost ratio and net present value tools revealed that the drip irrigation system is profitable. The benefit cost ratio is equal to 1.65, and the net present value is approximately 2938 Tunisian National Dinar. Finally, the sensitivity analysis reveals the extent to which profitability is sensitive to the scenarios of subsidy levels.
Health Implications of Proinflammatory Cytokine Activity at Different Levels of Fluoride Exposure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lavalle‐Carrasco Jesús , Molina‐Frechero Nelly , López‐Verdín Sandra , Bologna‐Molina Ronell 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe chronic intake of excessive fluoride (F−) (>  1.5 mg/L) affects several tissues, organs, and systems. This represents a worldwide issue due to the presence of the compound in nature, with drinking water being the main source of exposure. The underlying mechanisms by which F− is toxic are not completely understood, but proinflammatory cytokine activity is implicated in these events. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the health implications of proinflammatory cytokine activity at different levels of F− exposure. The search for original studies in which the activity of proinflammatory cytokines was assessed under exposure to F− was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, Springer, EBSCO, and Google Scholar databases by applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024546726). Sixteen studies were analyzed in the present review. Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1 beta (β), IL‐6, IL‐2, IL‐12, IL‐17, IL‐18, C‐reactive protein, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) were the proinflammatory cytokines identified in the included reports. Alterations in cytokine activity were observed in response to varying levels of F− exposure, implicating an increased risk of toxicity and damage to the evaluated structures by highlighting the role of inflammation in the progression of these processes. Hence, the activity of proinflammatory cytokines at different levels of F− exposure has important implications for health, where inflammation plays a relevant role in the underlying mechanisms related to the resulting toxicity.
Bottom‐Up Effects of Various Plant Growth Promoting Treatments on Fitness Parameters of Hippodamia variegata
Authors: Mardani‐Talaee Mozhgan , Nouri‐Ganblani Gadir , Razmjou Jabraeil , Hassanpour Mahdi , Vivekanandhan Perumal , Naseri Bahram 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPlant growth‐promoting activities using biological, chemical, and organic fertilizers are well‐documented for pest insects, their impacts on predators are less commonly studied. This research investigates whether bell pepper plants treated with plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), vermicompost (30%), and zinc sulfate either separately or in selected combinations affect the nutrient indices and population growth traits of the ladybug predator, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), when fed on aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Bell pepper plants were individually treated with two PGPRs (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens), one AMF (Glomus intraradices), soil amended with 30% vermicompost (v/v), and foliar application of zinc sulfate under greenhouse conditions. Combined treatments of AMF × B. subtilis and AMF × P. fluorescens were also tested. Nutritional indices and population growth parameters of predator were reared on the treated plants infested with aphids. Results showed that the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) in predator larvae was highest on B. subtilis‐treated aphids and lowest on vermicompost‐treated aphids. The relative growth rate (RGR) of predator was the highest on zinc sulfate‐treated aphids and lowest on vermicompost‐treated aphids. Predators fed on vermicompost‐treated aphids had the lowest net reproductive rate (R₀) and intrinsic rate of increase (r), while R₀ was highest for predators fed on B. subtilis‐treated aphids and r was highest on P. fluorescens‐ and B. subtilis‐treated aphids. These findings suggest that zinc sulfate and biological fertilizers involving PGPRs can enhance the ecological fitness of predators and could be effective in biocontrol‐based integrated pest management of aphids.
Information‐Sharing Strategies Based on Trust Risks Under a Governmental Incentive Mechanism
Authors: Fu Xiao , Niu Shuxuan , Han Guanghua 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDue to swift shifts in market demand and variable production capacities within the chip industry, trust risks between upstream and downstream entities can readily develop, leading to challenges in information sharing. To tackle this challenge, this paper develops a two‐level evolutionary game model between vehicle manufacturers and chip suppliers. It examines the effects of government rewards and penalties, trust risks, and spillover benefits from information sharing on the strategic decisions of both parties. Furthermore, the paper investigates system evolution strategies under three distinct government policies: forced, fair, and favored. The findings show that as trust risks escalate, both entities in the supply chain tend to withhold information due to concerns over losing their unique competitive advantages. However, enhancing spillover benefits through information sharing positively impacts the mitigation of trust risks. Numerical simulations demonstrate that while a government‐forced policy with increased penalties may boost information sharing in the short term, it proves less effective over the long term. Conversely, preferred rewards and subsidies under equitable policies can significantly boost one party's readiness to share information, thus enhancing cooperation between the two parties. The paper also offers countermeasures and recommendations. For instance, it suggests that upstream and downstream enterprises should not only foster mutual trust but also vigilantly track government policy directions to develop effective information‐sharing strategies. Furthermore, government industrial policies should fully consider the actual market conditions to alleviate trust risks between upstream and downstream entities and promote information sharing among enterprises.
Design of Reward Tiers in Crowdfunding: Eschewing Acknowledgments and Prioritizing Promotion
Authors: Fan Liangchen , Qin Jin , Yao Yao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates how reward tier design impacts crowdfunding performance. We innovatively categorize reward tiers into three utilitarian types—basic, promotional, and one‐dollar—and we consider hedonic acknowledgments of types public and personal. By analyzing data from 2471 Kickstarter projects (with 20,183 tiers), we find an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the number of promotional tiers and fundraising performance. In contrast, offering more basic tiers or having a one‐dollar tier hinders fundraising. Counterintuitively, neither public nor personal acknowledgments in reward tiers are positively related to the fundraising performance. These new insights provide guidance for practice in crowdfunding.
Generalized Taylor Series and Peano Kernel Theorem
Authors: Zürnacı‐Yetiş Fatma , Dişibüyük Çetin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAs in the polynomial case, non‐polynomial divided differences can be viewed as a discrete analog of derivatives. This link between non‐polynomial divided differences and derivatives is defined by a generalization of the derivative operator. In this study, we obtain a generalization of Taylor series using the link between non‐polynomial divided differences and derivatives, and state generalized Taylor theorem. With the definition of a definite integral, the relation between the non‐polynomial divided difference and non‐polynomial B‐spline functions is given in terms of integration. Also, we derive a general form of the Peano kernel theorem based on a generalized Taylor expansion with the integral remainder. As in the polynomial case, it is shown that the non‐polynomial B‐splines are in fact the Peano kernels of non‐polynomial divided differences.MSC2020 Classification: 65D05, 65D07
Bistatic RCS Pattern Synthesis With a Receiver–Transmitter Metasurface and a Phase Distribution Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sima Boyu , Xu Yibang , Li Huangyan , Wang Xiang , Zong Zhiyuan , Kang Wei , Wu Wen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a metasurface design method to achieve bistatic radar cross‐section (RCS) pattern synthesis in space, based on a receiver–transmitter metasurface (RTMS) and a genetic algorithm for phase distribution optimization. Due to the slots on the ground between the adjacent metasurface elements, the unwanted interunit coupling effect is significantly reduced. Based on the theoretical analysis model of the phased array, the corresponding phase distribution of the required RCS pattern is optimized by a genetic algorithm. According to the required phase distribution, the corresponding RTMS units are designed, and the overall RTMS structure is finally constructed. The simulated results demonstrate that the electromagnetic (EM) waves scattered by the proposed RTMS are concentrated in the desired directions of 0° and ±49° which is consistent with the design intention. Both simulated and measured results verify that the proposed RTMS design methodology can realize the bistatic RCS control in space with a customized shape.
Pulsed beam monitoring for electron FLASH
Authors: Morris Toby , Rajapakse Arith , Lyatskaya Yulia , Zygmanski Piotr , Bredfeldt Jeremy , Sajo Erno , Brivio Davide 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundSafe implementation and translation of FLASH radiotherapy to the clinic requirehs development of beam monitoring devices capable of high temporal resolution with wide dynamic ranges. Ideal detectors should be able to monitor LINAC pulses, withstand high doses and dose rates, and provide information about the beam output, energy/range, and profile.PurposeTwo novel detectors have been designed and tested for ultra‐high dose‐rate (UHDR) monitoring: a multilayer nano‐structured 3‐layer high‐energy‐current (HEC3) detector, and a segmented large area, 4‐section flat (S4) detector with the goal of exploring their properties for a future combined design.MethodsA Novalis‐TX LINAC was converted to produce a 10 MeV electron‐FLASH beam. Pulses were monitored using both HEC3 and S4 detectors. The HEC3 detector structure consisted of three electrode layers separated by a nanoporous aerogel (Aero): Al(50 µm)–Aero(100 µm)–Ta(10 µm)–Aero(100 µm)–Al(50 µm). The S4 structure was comprised of three layers: Cu(100 nm)–air(1 mm)–Al(100 nm) with contact potential for charge collection. Both detectors are self‐powered as they do not require an external voltage bias for charge collection. The beam was also characterized using a photodiode, Gafchromic EBT‐XD Film, OSLDs, and an Advanced Markus Chamber.ResultsThe electron‐FLASH beam displayed a Gaussian‐like profile with 15 cm FWHM at isocenter. Electron‐FLASH dose rates up to an average of 260 Gy/s were measured on the surface of a solid water phantom at isocenter with an instantaneous dose rate of 1.8 × 105 Gy/s and a dose per pulse of up to 1 Gy/pulse. Both HEC3 and S4 detectors could record individual pulses for repetition rates of 360 Hz with a 4 µs pulse‐width. The HEC3 detector signal increased linearly with dose, MU, number of pulses, and dose rate up to 850 Gy/s with no loss of functionality at high doses or dose rates. The S4 detector showed linearity with MU and number of pulses at each of the four channels independently showing potential for spatial information and steering but lacked dose rate independence.ConclusionsTwo novel detectors, HEC3 and S4, successfully measured electron‐FLASH pulses and hence can be considered capable of electron‐FLASH beam monitoring in different capacities. HEC3 detector technology is suitable for monitoring high‐dose and UHDR beams with high temporal resolution required for pulse counting. We envision the combination of the HEC3 internal structure with the S4 piece‐wise design for real‐time monitoring of the temporal structure, spatial profiles, energy, and dosimetric properties of UHDR beams.
European Respiratory Society Research Seminar on Preventing Pediatric Asthma
Authors: Grigg Jonathan , Barratt Benjamin , Bønnelykke Klaus , Custovic Adnan , Ege Markus , Pasquali Christian , Palomares Oscar , Shaheen Seif , Sokolowska Milena , Vercelli Donata , Maizels Rick , von Mutius Erika 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis report is a summary of the presentations given at the European Respiratory Society's Research Seminar on Asthma Prevention. The seminar reviewed both epidemiological and mechanistic studies and concluded that; (i) reducing exposure of pregnant women and children to air pollution will reduce incident asthma, (ii) there are promising data that both fish oil and a component of raw cow's milk prevent asthma, and (iii) modulating trained immunity by either mimicking helminth infection or oral and sublingual bacterial products is a promising area of research.
Strain‐Engineered 2D Materials: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Katiyar Ajit Kumar , Ahn Jong‐Hyun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStrain engineering is a powerful strategy that can strongly influence and tune the intrinsic characteristics of materials by incorporating lattice deformations. Due to atomically thin thickness, 2D materials are excellent candidates for strain engineering as they possess inherent mechanical flexibility and stretchability, which allow them to withstand large strains. The application of strain affects the atomic arrangement in the lattice of 2D material, which modify the electronic band structure. It subsequently tunes the electrical and optical characteristics, thereby enhances the performance and functionalities of the fabricated devices. Recent advances in strain engineering strategies for large‐area flexible devices fabricated with 2D materials enable dynamic modulation of device performance. This perspective provides an overview of the strain engineering approaches employed so far for straining 2D materials, reviewing their advantages and disadvantages. The effect of various strains (uniaxial, biaxial, hydrostatic) on the characteristics of 2D material is also discussed, with a particular emphasis on electronic and optical properties. The strain‐inducing methods employed for large‐area device applications based on 2D materials are summarized. In addition, the future perspectives of strain engineering in functional devices, along with the associated challenges and potential solutions, are also outlined.
Correlation functions in $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$-deformed theories on the torus
Authors: Barel Netanel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the correlation functions of local operators in unitary $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-deformed field theories defined on a torus, using their formulation in terms of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. We focus on the two-point correlation functions in momentum space when the undeformed theory is a conformal field theory. The large momentum behavior of the correlation functions is computed and compared to that of $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-deformed field theories defined on a plane. For the latter, the behavior found was $$ {\left(\frac{\sqrt{t}\left|q\right|}{\pi e}\right)}^{-\frac{tq^2}{\pi }} $$

t

q

πe

−

tq
2

π

, where q is the momentum and t is the deformation parameter. For a torus, the same behavior is found for |q| ≪ L/t, where L is the torus’ length scale. However, for |q| ≫ L/t, a different behavior is found: $$ {\left(\frac{2{\sqrt{t}}^5{q}^2}{\pi e{L}^3{\left|T\right|}^2}\right)}^{\frac{tq^2}{\pi }} $$

2

t

5

q
2

πe

L
3

T

2

tq
2

π

, where T is the complex structure of the torus. Hence, at large momentum, the correlator decays and then grows. This behavior suggests that operators carrying momentum q are smeared on a distance scale t|q|. The difference from the plane’s result illustrates the non-locality of the theory and the UV-IR mixing.
Hypershadows of higher dimensional black objects: a case study of cohomogeneity-one d=5 Myers-Perry
Authors: Novo João P. A. , Cunha Pedro V. P. , Herdeiro Carlos A. R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
What does a black hole look like? In 1 + 3 spacetime dimensions, the optical appearance of a black hole is a bidimensional region in the observer’s sky often called the black hole shadow, as supported by the EHT observations. In higher dimensions this question is more subtle and observational setup dependent. Previous studies considered the shadows of higher dimensional black holes to remain bidimensional. We argue that the latter should be regarded as a tomography of a higher dimensional structure, the hypershadow, which would be the structure “seen” by higher dimensional observers. As a case study we consider the cohomogeneity-one Myers-Perry black hole in 1 + 4 dimensions, and compute its tridimensional hypershadow.
Heterotic strings and quantum entanglement
Authors: Dabholkar Atish , Moitra Upamanyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We construct ℤN orbifolds of the ten-dimensional heterotic string theories appropriate for implementing the stringy replica method for the calculation of quantum entanglement entropy. A novel feature for the heterotic string is that the gauge symmetry must be broken by a Wilson line to ensure modular invariance. We completely classify the patterns of symmetry breaking. We show that the tachyonic contributions in all cases can be analytically continued, with a finite answer in the domain 0 < N ≤ 1, relevant for calculating entanglement entropy across the Rindler horizon. We discuss the physical implications of our results.
Spin-refined partition functions and $$ \mathcal{CRT} $$ black holes
Authors: Grabovsky David , Kolanowski Maciej 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigate spin-refined partition functions in AdS/CFT using Euclidean gravitational path integrals. We construct phase diagrams for ZX = Tr(e−βHX) in various dimensions and for different choices of discrete isometry X, discovering rich structures at finite temperature. When X is a reflection, ZX counts the difference between the number of even- and odd-spin microstates. The high-temperature regime is universally dominated by $$ \mathcal{CRT} $$
CRT
-twisted black holes in any dimension, and in odd spacetime dimensions we examine whether complex rotating black hole solutions can contribute to spin-refined observables or potentially dominate at finite temperature. We also analyze the microcanonical ensemble. There the leading contribution almost always comes from rotating black holes, showing that the two ensembles are not necessarily equivalent.