bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards sustainable aquafeeds: Microalgal (Nannochloropsis sp. QH25) co-product biomass can fully replace fishmeal in the feeds for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Sarker Pallab , Schoffstall Benjamin , Kapuscinski Anne , McKuin Brandi , Fitzgerald Devin , Greenwood Connor , O'Shelski Kira , Pasion Emily , Gwynne Duncan , Orcajo Diego Orcajo , Andrade Sofie , Nocera Pablo , Pablo Angelo San 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aquaculture, one of the world's most rapidly growing food sectors, faces several concerns about its sustainability. A major concern is using fishmeal and fish oil from ocean-derived small pelagic fish (sardine, anchovy, etc.) in aquaculture feed. The aquafeed industry is seeking new sustainable ingredientsto replace fish meal. This study focused on microalgal co-product, Nannochloropsis sp. QH25 co-product (leftover after oil extraction for nutraceuticals) is a novel aquafeed ingredient that can replace fishmeal in rainbow trout diets. A nutritional feeding experiment was conducted and compared fishmeal-containing rainbow trout diets with microalgal co-product that replaced fishmeal as follows: 0% replacement in reference diet (fishmeal, no microalgal co-product) and test diets with 33%, 66%, and 100% replacement of fishmeal using microalgal-product. Results showed the complete replacement diet yielded fish growth, feed conversion, and survival similar to the reference diet. Depositions of macronutrients, amino acids, fatty acids, macro minerals, and several trace elements in the filet were not significantly different across diets. Economic conversion ratio (ECR) analysis showed that the rainbow trout fed the 100% replacement diet had the lowest feed cost per kg of fish produced. Microalgal co-product can fully replace fishmeal in trout feed while maintaining fish performance, flesh composition, and cost-effectiveness.
A ceramic membrane developed from Bamboo leaves for a microbial desalination cell
Authors: Sonu Kumar , Syed Zainab , Maheshwari Karishma , Singh Anurag Kumar , Sogani Monika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC), ceramic membranes are frequently used as a low-cost ion exchange membrane. The goal of this project is to create low-cost ceramic membranes for MDC by mixing soil and Bamboo leaves ash (BLA). For reverse osmosis (RO) reject wastewater treatment, the effectiveness of the MDC membranes with BLA (MDC 1) and unmodified membranes without BLA (MDC2) was examined. For MDC1 and MDC2, the highest power densities were 125 ± 5 mW/m2 and 85 ± 8 mW/m2, respectively, and the COD reduction efficiencies were 83.7 ± 5% and 68 ± 4%. Because the BLA ceramic membrane had a lesser rate of membrane fouling, it was more suited for extended use. This study shows that, with better power output, the BLA membrane may be a good substitute for expensive membranes in MDC.
Synergistic effects of pro-biotics or post-biotics with n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on chronic mild stress-induced dyslipidemia in rats
Authors: Lee Jeongmin , Jin Youri , Park Yongsoon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This research is objective to examine the synergistic effects of pro- or post-biotics combined with n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) on dyslipidemia caused by depression through modulating biosynthesis and clearance of cholesterol. Rats were assigned into 7 random groups, each containing 8 rats: n-3 HUFA deficient diet without chronic mild stress (CMS), CMS with n-3 HUFA deficient diet, pro-biotics, post-biotics, n-3 HUFA, pro-biotics and n-3 HUFA, and post-biotics and n-3 HUFA. The induction of CMS occurred over five weeks during the 12-week dietary supplementation period. The pro-biotics, post-biotics, and n-3 HUFA ameliorated dyslipidemia caused by CMS and downregulated cholesterol biosynthesis through decreasing sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (Biotics, P < 0.001; n3, P < 0.001; synergistic, P = 0.014) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (Biotics, P < 0.001; n3, P < 0.001; synergistic, P < 0.001). Moreover, they upregulated cholesterol clearance by increasing low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol reuptake through proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Biotics, P < 0.001; n3, P < 0.001; synergistic, P = 0.036) and bile acids biosynthesis through cytochrome p450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 (Biotics, P < 0.001; n3, P < 0.001; synergistic, P < 0.001) and cytochrome p450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 (Biotics, P < 0.001; n3, P < 0.001; synergistic, P = 0.001). Therefore, pro-biotics or post-biotics with n-3 HUFA exert synergistic hypocholesterolemic effects on dyslipidemia induced by CMS through regulating biosynthesis and cholesterol clearance.
Investigation of Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Er-Doped KNN System Based on First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Gong Zhichao , Yue Haojie , Fang Kailing , Guo Kun , Xie Bing , Liu Zhiyong , Mao Pu , Lu Jinshan , Yao Kui , Tay Francis Eng Hock 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based ceramics exhibit electrical (such as ferroelectric) and photoluminescence (PL) properties and have great application potential in the field of multifunctional optoelectronics. To promote its development in the field of optoelectronics, researchers have been making efforts to improve its photoelectric performance, but mainly through experimental approach with little fundamental theoretical calculations. In this paper, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3, K0.375Na0.5Er0.125NbO3 and K0.5Na0.375Er0.125NbO3 material were simulated based on first-principles calculations. The calculation of formation energy reveals that Er is more inclined to replace Na than A-site K. The introduction of Er leads to a decrease in the lattice constant of the structure, and the oxygen octahedron relaxes inward, which is beneficial to the enhancement of ferroelectricity. The orbital hybridization of Er-4f and O-2p leads to a narrower band gap and an increase in absorbance and conductivity. The A-site substitution of Er produces a non-uniform chemical bond environment locally, which is beneficial to the improvement of PL performance. These results provide theoretical insights for doping mechanism of the KNN-Er system and show its potential in the field of optoelectronic applications.
The Relationship Between Immune Cell Infiltration and Necroptosis Gene Expression in Sepsis: An Analysis Using Single-Cell Transcriptomic Data
Authors: Wang Shouyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, remains a significant medical challenge with high mortality rates, necessitating a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate the differential expression of necroptosis-related genes in sepsis and their impact on immune characteristics.
Methods
We obtained gene expression profiles and single-cell RNA sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package, followed by functional enrichment analysis through the clusterProfiler package for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted to explore pathway enrichments. Immune cell infiltration differences between sepsis (SE) and healthy control (HC) groups were quantified using the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. Differential marker genes between SE and HC groups were identified by single-cell data analysis using Seurat and SingleR packages.
Results
Our results revealed 849 necroptosis-related DEGs, with 843 upregulated and 16 downregulated in SE group. LASSO regression identified 22 key DEGs including CTSS, MAPK8, and MPRIP. 157 necroptosis-related DEGs were identified between SE and HC groups. GO analysis indicated significant enrichment in biological processes such as regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways and I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. KEGG pathway analysis revealed involvement in necroptosis, apoptosis and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. While GSVA showed WNT signaling was upregulated in SE group. There were significant differences between sepsis and healthy control groups for activated B cells and CD4 T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified 33,287 cells categorized into 26 clusters, with neutrophils being predominant. Key necroptosis genes such as CTSS, TXN, MYH9, FPR1, FMR1, and MPRIP exhibited significant expression differences across various immune cell types.
Conclusions
Our integrated bioinformatics approach provides new insights into the role of necroptosis-related genes in sepsis pathogenesis and their influence on immune responses. These findings enhance our understanding of sepsis pathogenesis and might guide future therapeutic strategies targeting necroptosis pathways.
Fungi are better decomposers of invasive Solidago canadensis leaf litter than protists.
Authors: Kisło Kamil , Czortek Patryk , Mazurkiewicz Marcin T. , Kusińska Barbara , Kuberski Łukasz , Adamska Agnieszka , Rawlik Katarzyna , Dyderski Marcin K. , Wrzosek Marta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
Solidago canadensis (L.) is an invasive plant species in Eurasia, native to North America. It is known as an environmental engineer modifying biogeochemical processes probably due to the massive leaf litter production and its influence on decomposition. Nevertheless, we do not know what is the impact of different microorganisms on this process.
Methods
We conducted a litterbag experiment aiming to determine the influence of protists and microfungi on the decomposition process along the S. canadensis invasion gradient established in unmown mesic meadows. We evaluated how fast the leaf litter of S. canadensis decomposes and how the mass loss can be modified by increasing the cover of this plant.
Results
Invasion gradient had a negligible effect on the mass loss. Higher taxonomic diversity of mycobiota and protists accelerated the decomposition of S. canadensis but the taxonomic diversity of fungi exerted a bigger positive impact. Trophophase of ascomycetes accelerated decomposition, whereas the presence of pycnidia and perithecia inhibited it. Additionally, the presence of Oomycota, Sordariales, Orbiliales, and Cladosporiales representatives were the factors that accelerated mass loss. The presence of flagellates and Pleosporales representatives inhibited it. We found that pathotrophic - saprotrophic and pathotrophic - saprotrophic - symbiotrophic fungi contributed to the deceleration of S. canadensis leaf litter mineralization.
Conclusions
The results show the rate of decomposition does not depend on the density of the Solidago population and indicates that Oomycota and Orbiliales are the most efficient accelerators of S. canadensis decomposition while Pleosporales slow down this process.
Neuronal interactions in forebrain organoids lead to protective antiviral responses.
Authors: Negatu Seble G. , Vazquez Christine , Bannerman Carl , Amses Kevin R. , Ming Guo-li , Jurado Kellie A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Neurotropic viruses are the most common cause of infectious encephalitis and highly target neurons for infection. Our understanding of the intrinsic capacity of neuronal innate immune responses to mediate protective antiviral responses remains incomplete. Here, we evaluated the role of intercellular crosstalk in mediating intrinsic neuronal immunity and its contribution to limiting viral infection. We found that in the absence of viral antagonism, neurons transcriptionally induce robust interferon signaling and can effectively signal to uninfected bystander neurons. Yet, in two-dimensional cultures, this dynamic response did not restrict viral spread. Interestingly, this differed in the context of viral infection in three-dimensional forebrain organoids with complex neuronal interactions, where we observed protective capacity. We showed antiviral crosstalk between infected neurons and bystander neural progenitors is mediated by type I interferon signaling. Using spatial transcriptomics, we then uncovered distinct regions of bystander progenitor interactions that reveal critical underpinnings of protective antiviral responses, including expression of distinct antiviral genes. These findings underscore the importance of intercellular communication in protective antiviral immunity in the brain and implicate key contributions to protective antiviral signaling.
MHQoS: A Multi-user Hierarchical Quality of Service Optimization for P2P Storage
Authors: Zhao Jingzhe , Yang Hongzhang , Xu Guangping , Guo Jiangpu , Feng Yu , Fan Yangyang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In peer-to-peer (P2P) storage, particularly during high-concurrency file sharing and massive user access, maintaining robust quality of service (QoS) poses considerable challenges. The existing dmclock scheduling approach in Ceph systems lacks fine-grained prioritization, often resulting in suboptimal performance differentiation under heavy load conditions and a diminished experience for high-priority users. This paper introduces MHQoS, a Multi-user Hierarchical Quality of Service Optimization framework, specifically designed to address these issues. MHQoS enhances resource scheduling accuracy and efficiency through a two-tiered path structure: a microsecond-level issue path for immediate request handling and a millisecond-level planning path for strategic global resource adjustment. By incorporating refined user priority classifications and dynamically adjustable QoS templates, MHQoS achieves precise resource allocation and minimizes latency. Experimental results demonstrate that MHQoS improves high-priority user performance by 51.15%, increases total bandwidth by 5.34%, and reduces latency by 4.09%. Additionally, the framework incorporates a novel work-conserving algorithm that, once each user’s SLO is fulfilled, prioritizes the allocation of remaining system resources to address the needs of high-priority users, thereby further enhancing their overall experience. These enhancements position MHQoS as a accurate, efficient, and scalable solution for dynamic QoS management in P2P storage environments.
Paraglomus and Glomus Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi induce the Green Tea Catechin Quality Index and Phosphorus bioavailability in Tropical soils
Authors: Yuan Pei , Wang Yingzi , Peng Jianwei , Chen Ya , Li Jinjing , Eissa Mamdouh A. , Luo Gongwen , Tian Chang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Soil microbes have an impact on the quality of green tea leaves in addition to soil conditions and Camellia sinensis cultivar. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can significantly improve soil quality and crop productivity, however, the specific AM fungal groups that affect the catechin quality index (CQI) of green tea are not yet clear. In the present study, rhizosphere soil samples, root samples, and fresh tea leaves from six different Camellia sinensis cultivars in Hunan Province, China were collected. Utilizing high-throughput Illumina amplicon sequencing technology, the taxonomic diversity and community composition of AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil and roots were investigated, as well as the mycorrhizal colonization rate. It was discovered that the two main AM fungal genera in the Camellia sinensis roots and rhizosphere were Paraglomus and Glomus. A higher catechin quality index (HCQI) correlates with greater accumulation of Paraglomus in the roots of Camellia sinensis. Tea cultivar and rhizosphere soil’s available phosphorus content significantly affected the mycorrhizal colonization rate and the composition of the AM fungal community within the roots. The mycorrhizal colonization rate impacted the catechin composition, consequently influencing the catechin quality index of green tea. Furthermore, fluctuations in the proportional presence of Paraglomus and Glomus within the roots of Camellia sinensis notably affected the CQI. In summary, heightened mycorrhizal colonization and enhanced Paraglomus prevalence substantially elevate the CQI of green tea. This finding was of considerable importance for the application of AM fungi in the production of high-quality green tea.
Imapct of the Al sites of ZSM-5 Zeolite on product distribution in methanol to aromatics reaction
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Shen Xiaohua , Lin Lixia , Lu Jianjun , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Great progress has been made in the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction over ZSM-5 zeolite, the location of Al atoms in ZSM-5 framework is very important for understanding the relationship among structure and activity of catalytic reaction system. In this paper, a series of ZSM-5 zeolites with different Al sites were prepared by changing the tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) content in the synthetic gel. The results showed that the quantity of Al sites at the channel intersections reach a maximum when the ratio of TPA+/Si increased to 0.4, and the selectivity of BTX increased from 16.15% to 24%, simultaneously. When the ratio of TPA+/Si continues to increase to 0.5, the catalytic performance decreases and the BTX selectivity decreases to 15%. Therefore, the Al loctaion effects the performance of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, and the zeolite with a higher proportion of Al in the intersection channels shows higher BTX selectivity in the methanol to aromatics reaction. This study elucidates the relationship between the distribution of MTA reaction products and Al sites, establishing the synthesis-structure-performance relationship of zeolite, and providing the experimental basis for rational design of catalysts.
The Impact of Human-Technology Integration Relationships on Spatial Inequality and its Repair in the AI Era
Authors: Yang Runlin , Zhen Feng , Ge Xin , Gu Sihao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The relationship between humans and technology largely determines an individual's value and freedom within a geographical space, which, in turn, requires an appropriate spatial structure to be maximized. As a discipline that explores the relationship between space and human activity, geography has long focused on constructing optimal spatial structures for human survival and development. This involves examining the application of various technologies in space, particularly the spatial effects generated by human-technology interactions and their impacts on social development. From the Industrial Revolution to the AI era, each technological transformation has forged different levels of interaction between new machines or software and human activities in space, resulting in profound effects on social and economic development. The core of this study lies in how the evolution of the human-technology relationship during the transition from information technology to artificial intelligence influences the operational mechanisms of geographical space. The conclusions drawn are as follows: (1) As we progressively enter the AI era, the relationship between humans and technology will shift from interaction to complete integration; (2) using the workspaces of individuals in Illinois and Michigan as examples, we observe that an increasing number of people are beginning to work from home in the AI era; therefore, the integration of humans and AI technology allows individuals to transcend the limitations of workspace conditions, thereby gaining greater freedom in space; and (3) as individuals attain greater freedom within space, society experiences increased mobility, and resources need no longer concentrate in urban centers, aiding in the repair of spatial inequalities in regional development.
Spatial predictors of response to immunotherapy in microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Choo Joan , Yim Willa , Lau Mai Chan , Raimondi Alessandra , Ranganathan Sruthi , Zhu Kexin , Tan Crystal T.Y. , Chin Hui Xian , Teo Chong Boon , Fong Khi Yung , Tay Ryan , Zhao Joseph , Lee Joey , Loo Lit-Hsin , Morano Federica , Prisciandaro Michele , Randon Giovanni , Damonte Camilla , Micarelli Elisa , Leoni Guido , Scarselli Elisa , Lonardi Sara , Cremolini Chiara , Marmorino Federica , Lim Jeffrey Chun Tatt , Neo Zhen Wei , Wee Felicia , Chong Li , Joesph Crain , Balachander Akhila , Lim Diana , Hwang You , Rénia Laurent , BISWAS Subhra , Tan David , Yeong Joe , Sundar Raghav , Pietrantonio Filippo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers (CRC) are largely unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), prompting investigation into strategies to enhance sensitivity. The MAYA trial, which utilized temozolomide (TMZ) in MGMT-silenced MSS mCRC, hypothesized that TMZ-induced hypermutation could sensitize tumors to ICI. This phase II trial met its primary endpoint, demonstrating durable clinical responses with TMZ combined with ipilimumab and nivolumab.
To elucidate factors influencing response heterogeneity, we conducted multi-omic spatial profiling of samples from patients who participated in the MAYA trial, including baseline and on-treatment tissue and blood specimens. While increased neoantigen load following TMZ exposure did not consistently predict for deep responses, spatial profiling revealed key determinants. Lymphocyte proportions, particularly CD8+KI67+ cells, within stromal and tumor compartments, along with macrophage composition (CD68+CD163+ cells) at the tumor-stromal interface, were predictive of response. Treatment pressures dynamically altered the tumor microenvironment composition and activated peripheral immune cells. This study is the first to identify spatial predictors of response to this promising novel treatment approach for MSS CRC.
Is telerehabilitation effective for treating infectious pulmonary diseases such as COVID-19 following late hospital discharge? A randomized blinded clinical trial
Authors: Quintana Marília Simões Lopes , Alonso Angélica Castilho , Brech Guilherme Carlos , Grecco Marcus Vinicius , Rodrigues Francisco José Barbas , Furtado Guilherme Eustáqui , Greve Julia Maria D’Andréa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a low-moderate telerehabilitation exercise protocol on physical and respiratory capacities in severe post-COVID-19 patients two months after hospital discharge.
Design: A parallel-group, observer-blinded randomized controlled trial.
Setting: Participants were recruited from a hospital setting and underwent remote rehabilitation. Participants: participants (both sexes) with severe COVID-19, discharged from the hospital two months prior, were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group.
Interventions: The intervention group received 12 weeks of telerehabilitation, with physiotherapist-supervised sessions twice a week for 50 minutes. The control group did not receive any rehabilitation intervention.
Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcomes were physical and respiratory capacities, assessed by spirometry, handgrip strength, stair climbing test, sit-to-stand test, core stability test, short physical performance battery, postural balance, and flexibility.
Results: Significant improvements were observed in handgrip strength in the dominant limb (p < 0.001) and non-dominant limb (p = 0.003), and in postural balance (p < 0.001). However, no significant changes were found in other physical or respiratory parameters.
Conclusions: Low-intensity telerehabilitation did not significantly improve overall physical or respiratory capacities in severe post-COVID-19 patients when initiated two months after hospital discharge. These findings highlight the need for more intensive and personalized rehabilitation approaches for this population.