bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Cholinesterase Inhibitor Therapy Dose and Serious Events in Older Women and Men
Authors: Rochon Paula A. , Gruneir Andrea , Gill Sudeep S. , Wu Wei , Zhu Lynn , Herrmann Nathan , Bell Chaim M. , Austin Peter C. , Stall Nathan M. , McCarthy Lisa , Giannakeas Vasily , Alberga Amanda , Seitz Dallas P. , Normand Sharon‐Lise , Gurwitz Jerry H. , Bronskill Susan E. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesTo examine dose‐related prescribing and short‐term serious events associated with initiation of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy.DesignRetrospective, population‐based cohort study.SettingOntario, Canada.ParticipantsWomen (n=47,829) and men (n=32,503) aged 66 and older who initiated a ChEI between April 1, 2010, and June 30, 2016.MeasurementsAll‐cause serious events (emergency department (ED) visits, inpatient hospitalizations, death) within 30 days of ChEI initiation. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted rates of serious events.ResultsOverall, 4.8% of older adults were dispensed a lower‐than‐recommended ChEI starting dose, 87.9% a recommended dose, and 7.3% a higher‐than‐recommended starting dose. Eight thousand six hundred seventy‐one (10.8%) individuals experienced a serious event within 30 days of initiating therapy, primarily ED visits (8,540, 10.6%). Relative to those initiated on a recommended starting dose, those initiated on a higher dose had a significantly increased rate of serious events (women adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.38–1.63; men aHR 1.31, 95% CI=1.19–1.45). Similar patterns were found for ED visits and inpatient hospitalizations but not death. The relative effect of higher‐than‐recommended starting dose dispensed vs. recommended starting dose dispensed was greater in women than it was in men: the number needed to harm was 22 (95% confidence interval (CI)=18–29) for women and 36 (95% CI= 26–61) for men.ConclusionSerious events immediately after initiation of ChEIs were associated with starting ChEI dose. This association was stronger in women.
Preliminary study of outcome‐based clinical practicum for undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Lee Kyunghwa , Kim Sanghee , Yang You Lee 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimA growing trend in South Korean nursing education is toward outcome‐based education. In response, there is now a greater emphasis on achieving the learning outcomes that are outlined in the curricula of outcome‐based education. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of outcome‐based clinical practicum for nursing students.MethodsIn this preliminary longitudinal study, 62 third‐year nursing students were enrolled from a university in Seoul, Korea. Three parameters of proficiency were measured three times in the students for 1 year including: achievement of expected learning outcomes, nurses' core competence, and critical thinking. For the data analysis, a descriptive analysis and repeated‐measures ANOVA were used with the IBM SPSS v. 23.0 software program.ResultsCompleting the outcome‐based clinical practicum was associated with a significantly enhanced achievement of expected learning outcomes, nurses' core competency, and critical thinking. All of the six expected learning outcomes significantly improved across the pre‐, mid‐, and postpracticum time points.ConclusionsThe outcome‐based clinical practicum improved the achievement of the expected learning outcomes, nurses’ core competency, and critical thinking of the nursing students. Further study is recommended to investigate students' and educators' qualitative experiences of outcome‐based clinical practicum.
Prograde metamorphic zircon formation in gabbroic rocks: The tale of microtextures
Authors: Beckman Victoria , Möller Charlotte 
Published: July 2018

AbstractU–Pb zircon dates of metagabbroic rocks, such as eclogite, mafic granulite, and garnet amphibolite, are used to constrain the timing of tectonometamorphic evolution in orogens worldwide. For such interpretation, however, it is imperative to define at which stage of the P–T evolution that zircon crystallization took place: the prograde, peak, or retrograde stage. In order to accurately interpret metamorphic zircon ages, it is necessary to assess how the zircon crystallized or recrystallized, as zircon can dissolve or grow under different metamorphic conditions. Zircon is robust to retrograde isotopic resetting under most crustal conditions, but equilibrium Zr mass balance models have suggested that zircon is largely produced during retrograde metamorphism. This study takes a textural approach and identifies and reviews zircon‐forming textures and reactions in gabbro and metagabbro at different metamorphic grades, ranging from subgreenschist to upper amphibolite‐ and eclogite‐facies, and at different stages of metamorphic recrystallization. The textural relationships demonstrate that, in metagabbro, metamorphic zircon grows during the early stage of metamorphic recrystallization, independent of pressure and temperature. The mode of zircon formation is remarkably similar throughout different stages of metamorphic recrystallization, and the most significant source of Zr is igneous baddeleyite. Hence, in contrast to the equilibrium mass balance model, most zircon in metagabbro forms by prograde metamorphic reactions that consume igneous phases, and not by late retrograde reactions, and the onset of zircon forming reactions is governed primarily by the introduction of a hydrous fluid, commonly accompanied by ductile deformation.
Dysregulation of schizophrenia‐related aquaporin 3 through disruption of paranode influences neuronal viability
Authors: Kunisawa Kazuo , Shimizu Takeshi , Kushima Itaru , Aleksic Branko , Mori Daisuke , Osanai Yasuyuki , Kobayashi Kenta , Taylor Anna M. , Bhat Manzoor A. , Hayashi Akiko , Baba Hiroko , Ozaki Norio , Ikenaka Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMyelinated axons segregate the axonal membrane into four defined regions: the node of Ranvier, paranode, juxtaparanode, and internode. The paranodal junction consists of specific component proteins, such as neurofascin155 (NF155) on the glial side, and Caspr and Contactin on the axonal side. Although paranodal junctions are thought to play crucial roles in rapid saltatory conduction and nodal assembly, the role of their interaction with neurons is not fully understood. In a previous study, conditional NF155 knockout in oligodendrocytes led to disorganization of the paranodal junctions. To examine if disruption of paranodal junctions affects neuronal gene expression, we prepared total RNA from the retina of NF155 conditional knockout, and performed expression analysis. We found that the expression level of 433 genes changed in response to paranodal junction ablation. Interestingly, expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) was significantly reduced in NF155 conditional knockout mice, but not in cerebroside sulfotransferase knockout (CST‐KO) mice, whose paranodes are not originally formed during development. Copy number variations have an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). We observed rare duplications of AQP3 in SCZ patients, suggesting a correlation between abnormal AQP3 expression and SCZ. To determine if AQP3 over‐expression in NF155 conditional knockout mice influences neuronal function, we performed adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated over‐expression of AQP3 in the motor cortex of mice and found a significant increase in caspase 3‐dependent neuronal apoptosis in AQP3‐transduced cells. This study may provide new insights into therapeutic approaches for SCZ by regulating AQP3 expression, which is associated with paranodal disruption.
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Intraganglionic macrophages: a new population of cells in the enteric ganglia
Authors: Dora David , Arciero Emily , Hotta Ryo , Barad Csilla , Bhave Sukhada , Kovacs Tamas , Balic Adam , Goldstein Allan M. , Nagy Nandor 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe enteric nervous system shares embryological, morphological, neurochemical, and functional features with the central nervous system. In addition to neurons and glia, the CNS includes a third component, microglia, which are functionally and immunophenotypically similar to macrophages, but a similar cell type has not previously been identified in enteric ganglia. In this study we identify a population of macrophages in the enteric ganglia, intermingling with the neurons and glia. These intraganglionic macrophages (IMs) are highly ramified and express the hematopoietic marker CD45, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen, and chB6, a marker specific for B cells and microglia in avians. These IMs do not express antigens typically associated with T cells or dendritic cells. The CD45+/ChB6+/MHCII+ signature supports a hematopoietic origin and this was confirmed using intestinal chimeras in GFP‐transgenic chick embryos. The presence of green fluorescent protein positive (GFP+)/CD45+ cells in the intestinal graft ENS confirms that IMs residing within enteric ganglia have a hematopoietic origin. IMs are also found in the ganglia of CSF1RGFP chicken and CX3CR1GFP mice. Based on the expression pattern and location of IMs in avians and rodents, we conclude that they represent a novel non‐neural crest‐derived microglia‐like cell population within the enteric ganglia.
Effect of a botanical cleansing lotion on skin sebum and erythema of the face: A randomized controlled blinded half‐side comparison
Authors: Weber Natalja , Schwabe Kay , Schempp Christoph M , Wölfle Ute 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundElevated levels of skin sebum are associated with the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Intensive degreasing of the skin reduces Propionibacterium acnes but also may cause skin irritation.AimsWe assessed the degreasing effect and skin tolerability of a botanical face cleanser with hops and willow bark extract and disodium cocoyl glutamate as mild cleansing agent compared to a standard face cleanser with sodium laureth sulfate (SLES).Materials and MethodsA total of 21 healthy volunteers with normal to oily skin were enrolled in this study. Both cleansers were applied twice a day on the left or right side of the forehead for 15 days in a standardized manner. Bioengineering measurements were performed on day 8 and 15 and on day 17 after an application break of 48 hours. The sebum level was determined using a Sebumeter®, and skin redness was measured using a Mexameter®.ResultsThe botanical face cleanser significantly reduced the sebum level (P < .01) in the test area on day 17. The SLES containing cleanser showed a statistically relevant degreasing effect already on day 15, but after the application break the sebum level increased again on day 17. None of the cleansers caused skin irritation as determined by skin redness measurements.ConclusionsIn contrast to the SLES containing cleanser, the botanical skin cleanser with hops and willow bark extract had a continuous degreasing effect without reactive seborrhoe after the treatment break. Skin cleansing without SLES might be advantageous for sensitive skin.
Unidirectional barbed suture for vaginal cuff closure without backward stitch in total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Misirlioglu Selim , Boza Aysen , Arslan Tonguc , Urman Bulent , Taskiran Cagatay 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of unidirectional barbed suture technique for vaginal cuff closure in total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH).MethodsIn a retrospective chart review, data were analyzed from 165 patients who underwent a TLH with an unidirectional barbed suture technique for vaginal cuff closure from January 2012 to June 2016 at tertiary‐care university‐based teaching hospital and academic affiliated hospital. Vaginal cuff was closed by single layer 3/0 V‐Loc unidirectional 9″, 180 day Absorbable Wound Closure Device (Covidien Healthcare, Mansfield, MA) and the suture was not stitched backward to secure distal end.ResultsA total of 165 patients were included and the median age was 50 years (range, 35–84 years). The median completion time for hysterectomy time was 100 min (range, 40–240 min) and the median vaginal cuff closure time was 7 min (range, 4–15 min). The median estimated blood loss was 87.8 mL (range 30–250 mL) and the median uterine weight was 200 g (range, 40–900 g). Intraoperative complication included bladder perforation (1.2%) and postoperative complications were vaginal cuff dehiscence (1.8%), cuff cellulitis (0.6%), vesicovaginal fistula (0.6%) and unexplained fever (0.6%).ConclusionAccording to the results of current study, the use of unidirectional barbed suture without backward stitching appears to be safe for the vaginal cuff closure in TLH.
Intracoronary focal nitroglycerin injection through drilled balloon is very effective in the resolution of coronary spasm versus into proximal coronary artery: A prospective randomized comparison study
Authors: Balaban Yakup , Kaya Ahmet , Satilmisoglu Mustafa H. , Balaban Muhammet B. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of NTG administration via catheter and local NTG infusion through a perforated balloon in order to prevent coronary spasm from developing during percutaneous intervention.MethodThe study began with 1:1 randomization into two groups of a total of 1688 patients scheduled for PCT. A total of 91 patients in the proximal group who developed lesions received 500 mcg NTG through a catheter, while 85 patients in the local group with lesions developed during the procedure received 500 mcg local NTG through a perforated balloon. After excluding patients who did not develop lesions during the procedure, and those without any change in the lesion with NTG application, the study was completed with 74 patients in the local group, and 70 patients in the proximal group.ResultsBoth groups were similar in terms of basic characteristics. Incidences of procedure‐related hypotension (10% vs 52%, P < 0.001) and tachycardia (20% vs 57%, P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the local NTG group. Success in addressing spasm was significantly higher in the local NTG than in the proximal NTG group (91.66 ± 14.09% vs 75.99 ± 16.86%, P < 0.001).DiscussionIntracoronary injection with a perforated balloon, a simple technique introduced worldwide with our publication, can be used for administration of local NTG. Using this method, NTG can be better delivered with the perforated balloon to the vascular epithelium because of lower output, higher eruption rate, and perpendicularity to the endothelium. In this application, the balloon can better deliver drugs to the desired area via back‐and‐forth movements using a 0.014 guidewire.ConclusionThe local administration of NTG to a spasming area through a perforated balloon is more effective and safer than the proximal administration of NTG.
The efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy over placebo for temporomandibular joint hypermobility: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nagori Shakil Ahmed , Jose Anson , Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan , Roy Indranil Deb , Chattopadhyay Probodh K. , Roychoudhury Ajoy 
Published: July 2018

SummaryObjectiveThe aim of the systematic review was to analyse the available evidence in order to assess the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy in improving outcomes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility patients as compared to placebo.MethodsAn electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL and Google scholar databases was performed for English language papers published up to February 2018. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing dextrose prolotherapy with placebo for TMJ hypermobility were included.ResultsThree RCTs were included in the review. Frequency of subluxation/dislocation was reported by two trials which found no difference between dextrose and placebo. A statistical significant difference in reduction of MMO with the use of dextrose prolotherapy was seen on pooling of data (random: MD = −3.32, 95% CI −5.26 to −1.28; P = 0.0008; I2 = 0%). A statistical significant difference in pain reduction was also seen with dextrose as compared to placebo (random: MD = −1, 95% CI −1.58 to −0.42; P = 0.0007; I2 = 0%).ConclusionWithin the limitations of the study, dextrose prolotherapy may cause significant reduction in mouth opening and pain associated with TMJ hypermobility. Conclusions with regard to reduction of episodes of subluxation/dislocation cannot be drawn. There is a need of more high‐quality RCTs with larger sample size and homogenous prolotherapy protocol to draw stronger conclusions on the effect of dextrose prolotherapy in patients with TMJ hypermobility.
Partial replacement of NaCl with KCl in bread: Effect on sensory characteristics and consumer perception
Authors: Antúnez Lucía , Giménez Ana , Vidal Leticia , Ares Gastón 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSodium reduction strategies that fully or partially compensate for the effect of reducing sodium on the sensoy profile of foods have been proposed as a cost‐effective alternative to decrease dietary sodium intake at the population level. The present work aimed at exploring the effect of partially replacing NaCl with KCl on the sensory characteristics and hedonic perception of toast bread. Equivalent salty concentration of NaCl : KCl blends were estimated relative to different NaCl concentrations, using paired comparisons with a panel of trained assessors. The influence of partially replacing NaCl by KCl on the dynamic sensory profile of toast breads was assessed using the Temporal Check‐all‐that‐apply approach with a trained panel. Finally, a consumer study was carried out to evaluate consumers' sensory and hedonic perception of toast breads produced by partially replacing 30% NaCl with KCl. Results from the present work suggest that KCl can be deemed effective at compensating for saltiness intensity in sodium reduced toast breads. Partial replacement of 30% NaCl with KCl did not significantly affect the sensory characteristics of toast breads. However, NaCl replacement equal or higher than 40% caused an increase in bitterness, off‐flavor, and metallic flavor. Heterogeneity in consumer hedonic reaction toward partial replacement of NaCl with KCl was observed, but mainly associated to differences in texture perception.Practical applicationsIn the context of growing concerns about the excessive sodium intake at the population level, results from the present work showed that 30% replacement of NaCl with KCl did not significantly affect consumers' sensory and hedonic perception of toast breads. This approach seems to be effective at compensating for saltiness intensity and proved to be promising for the development of low‐sodium food products.
Non‐celiac gluten or wheat sensitivity: It's complicated!
Authors: Pinto‐Sanchez Maria I. , Verdu Elena F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn the last 30 years, non‐celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) has emerged as an intriguing and controversial topic in gastroenterology. The diagnosis of NCGS/NCWS requires a symptomatic reaction to gluten, or wheat‐containing food, and remission of symptoms with gluten or wheat challenge, in patients in whom celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. There have been several randomized clinical trials (RCT) addressing this issue which have produced controversial results. In this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial in patients with suspected NCGS on GFD, did not reproduce symptoms after gluten intake compared to placebo. This mini‐review addresses outstanding issues related to the diagnosis of NCGS/NCWS as well as areas of interest for future studies that could explain, in part, the controversy in this area.
CLC‐Nt1 affects Potato Virus Y infection via regulation of endoplasmic reticulum luminal Ph
Authors: Sun Hangjun , Shen Lili , Qin Yuanxia , Liu Xiaowei , Hao Kaiqiang , Li Ying , Wang Jie , Yang Jinguang , Wang Fenglong 
Published: July 2018

Summary

Chloride channel (CLC) proteins are important anion transporters conserved in organisms ranging from bacteria and yeast to plants and animals. According to sequence comparison, some plant CLCs are predicted to function as Cl−/H+ antiporters, but not Cl− channels. However, no direct evidence was provided to verify the role of these plant CLCs in regulating the pH of the intracellular compartment.

We identified tobacco CLC‐Nt1 interacting with the Potato virus Y (PVY) 6K2 protein. To investigate its physiological function, homologous genes of CLC‐Nt1 in Nicotiana benthamiana were knocked out using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Complementation experiments were subsequently performed by expression of wild‐type or point‐mutated CLC‐Nt1 in knockout mutants.

The data presented herein demonstrate that CLC‐Nt1 is localized at endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Using a pH‐sensitive fluorescent protein (pHluorin), we found that loss of CLC‐Nt1 function resulted in a decreased ER luminal pH. Secreted GFP (secGFP) was retained mostly in ER in knockout mutants, indicating that CLC‐Nt1 is also involved in protein secretion.

PVY infection induced a rise in ER luminal pH, which was dependent on functional CLC‐Nt1. By contrast, loss of CLC‐Nt1 function inhibited PVY intracellular replication and systemic infection. We propose that PVY alters ER luminal pH for infection in a CLC‐Nt1‐dependent manner.
The Contributions of Paradata and Features of Respondents, Interviewers and Survey Agencies to Panel Co-Operation in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
Authors: Bristle Johanna , Celidoni Martina , Dal Bianco Chiara , Weber Guglielmo 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe paper deals with panel co-operation in a cross-national, fully harmonized face-to-face survey. Our outcome of interest is panel co-operation in the fourth wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Following a multilevel approach, we focus on the contribution of paradata at three levels: fieldwork strategies at the survey agency level, features of the (current) interviewer and paradata describing respondents’ interview experience from the previous wave. Our results highlight the importance of respondents’ prior interview experience, and of interviewers’ quality of work and experience. We also find that survey agency practice matters: daily communication between fieldwork co-ordinators and interviewers is positively associated with panel co-operation.
Intimate partner violence exposure predicts antisocial behavior via pro‐violence attitudes among males with elevated levels of cortisol
Authors: Peckins Melissa K. , Shaw Daniel S. , Waller Rebecca , Hyde Luke W. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe present study tested whether attitudes toward violence mediate the association between intimate partner violence exposure and antisocial behavior across adolescence, and whether cortisol level moderates these pathways in an ethnically diverse sample of 190 boys from low‐income, urban families. Results suggest that a pathway from intimate partner violence exposure at age 12 to antisocial behavior at age 17 is explained by pro‐violence attitudes at age 15. Boys with greater exposure to intimate partner violence endorsed stronger pro‐violence attitudes, which predicted increases in antisocial behavior. Further, the pro‐violence attitudes to antisocial behavior pathway were stronger among boys with heightened versus dampened cortisol levels. Results suggest that violent attitudes are important for understanding the cognitive underpinnings of antisocial behavior following intimate partner violence exposure, particularly in youth with high cortisol levels. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed with respect to targeting malleable child behavior linked to later antisocial behavior.