bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homeobox B4 gene expression is upregulated by ghrelin through PI3-kinase signaling pathway in rat’s bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Taherkhani Shokoufeh , Moradi Fatemeh , Hosseini Masoumeh , Alipour Mohsen , Feizi Hadi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective. Ghrelin, a 28 amino acid peptide, has diverse physiological roles. Phosphatidylino-sitol-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are involved in some of the recognized actions of ghrelin. It has been shown that ghrelin upregulates HOXB4 gene expression but the real mechanism of this effect is not clear.

Methods. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured in DMEM. BMSCs were treated with ghrelin (100 μM) for 48 h. Real-time PCR for HOXB4 was performed from Control (untreated BMSCs), BG (BMSCs treated with 100 µM ghrelin), PD (BMSCs treated with 10 µM PD98059, a potent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase, and 100 µM ghrelin), LY (BM-SCs treated with 10 µM LY294002, a strong inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and 100 µM ghrelin) and SY (BMSCs treated with 10 µM LY294002 plus 10 µM PD98059, and 100 µM ghrelin) groups. Relative gene expression changes were determined using Relative expression software tool 9 (REST 9).

Results. HOXB4 gene has been overexpressed in ghrelin-treated BMSCs (p<0.05). PI3K inhi-bition by LY294002 significantly downregulated the ghrelin-induced overexpression of HOXB4 (p<0.05).

Conclusion. We can conclude that ghrelin, through PI3K/Akt pathway, may improve BMSC transplantation potency by reducing its apoptosis. Moreover, upregulating HOXB4 in BMSC and its possible differentiation to HSCs might in the future open the doors to new treatment for hematologic disorders. Therefore, activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, instead of using a non-specific inducer, could be the principal point to increase the efficiency of BMSC-based cell therapies in the future.
Multilinear Operator and Its Basic Properties
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa 
Published: May 2019

Summary
In the first chapter, the notion of multilinear operator on real linear spaces is discussed. The algebraic structure [2] of multilinear operators is introduced here. In the second chapter, the results of the first chapter are extended to the case of the normed spaces. This chapter shows that bounded multilinear operators on normed linear spaces constitute the algebraic structure. We referred to [3], [7], [5], [6] in this formalization.
Continuity of Multilinear Operator on Normed Linear Spaces
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: May 2019

Summary
In this article, various definitions of contuity of multilinear operators on normed linear spaces are discussed in the Mizar formalism [4], [1] and [2]. In the first chapter, several basic theorems are prepared to handle the norm of the multilinear operator, and then it is formalized that the linear space of bounded multilinear operators is a complete Banach space.
In the last chapter, the continuity of the multilinear operator on finite normed spaces is addressed. Especially, it is formalized that the continuity at the origin can be extended to the continuity at every point in its whole domain. We referred to [5], [11], [8], [9] in this formalization.
Thinking, Experiencing and Rethinking Mereological Interdependence
Authors: Stadler Michael W. 
Published: May 2019

Summary
The present article is a partly ontological, partly Gestalt-psychological discussion of the thinkability of structures in which parts and whole are interdependent (MI). In the first section, I show that in the framework of E. Husserl’s formal part–whole ontology, the conceptualization of such an interdependence leads to (mereo)logical problems. The second section turns to and affirms the experience of this interplay between parts and whole, exemplified with B. Pinna’s recent research on meaningful Gestalt perception. In the final section, I take the experienceability of MI as a justification to suggest a way of rethinking it. This entails an implementation of the process of foregrounding and backgrounding displayed by reversible figures and originally described by E. Rubin. This can avoid both an identity relation between parts and whole and their mutual exclusion as well as hierarchization due to their apparent differences. It would also guarantee the inherent dynamics of interdependence.
Manifest Dream/Association Comparison: A Criterion to Monitor the Psychotherapeutic Field
Authors: Trombini Giancarlo , Corazza Anna , Stemberger Gerhard 
Published: May 2019

Summary
The present work focuses on the transformations of the psychotherapeutic field through the relationship dynamics which occur within it.
The first part of this article starts with a brief outline of the Gestalt psychological understanding of the field concept, also in its application to the psychotherapeutic situation, followed by a brief review of the introduction of the field concept into the psychoanalytic theory formation.
After this, the first author first presents the theoretical concept underlying a new approach he has developed for observing the relationship dynamics in psychotherapy. Mirroring a formation of both psychoanalytic and Gestalt theory of the main author, this new approach is based on the combination of psychoanalytic and Gestalt psychological concepts. According to the clinical experience and insights of the author, the phenomenological and relational approach of Gestalt theory fits well with the psychoanalytic approach; on this basis, a criterion for recording the progress of therapy can be developed. This criterion is the phenomenology of the development of the qualities of the relationships of the client, as they become visible in his dream narrations and the subsequent associations in the analysis room and continue to develop during the session and the further course of therapy. The relationship dynamics in the dream narration is thus compared with those which develop in the course of the subsequent associations.
This is demonstrated and further elaborated in the second part of this article on the basis of a clinical case. The clinical example shows how the relationship dynamics develop in this sense in the individual therapy sessions and over a longer course of therapy. The associated transformations of the therapeutic field give a good indication of the progress of therapy.
The main author gained such insights into the transformations of the therapeutic field and the progression of therapy, which are visible in the course of therapy, from the careful application of the criterion “MDAC of relational dynamics”. In the specific case, there was also a high degree of correspondence between the results of the application of this phenomenological criterion and the empirical evidence of the symptom questionnaire, a self-report measure requested by the patient himself during the course of the therapy.
Royal Jelly: Chemistry, Storage and Bioactivities
Authors: Maghsoudlou Atefe , Mahoonak Alireza Sadeghi , Mohebodini Hossein , Toldra Fidel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) has been known for centuries, but in the last 5-6 decades its systematic production and consumption has increased. RJ is secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees (Apis mellifera). This thick and milky substance contains water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins and such bio-active compounds as acetylcholine, peptides, the hormones testosterone, progesterone, prolactin, estradiol, (hydroxydecanoic acid) (HAD), adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-N1Oxide, polyphenols, flavonoids and adenosine. Because of its bioactive compounds, RJ can be considered as a functional and nutraceutical food. The main goal of this review is to summarize and update its physicochemical properties, bio-active ingredients, storage stability and shelf life. The functional properties are antioxidative activity, insulin-like action, improvement against diabetes, liver protection, antitumoral action, neurotrophic action, antibiotic effect, anti-inflammatory action and wound healing, hypotensive effect and blood regulatory actions, anti-aging effect and skin protection, effects on the reproductive system and fertility and also fortifying, tonic action and immunomodulating and anti-alergic activity. RJ may cause allergic reactions, asthma and even fatal anaphylaxis in some humans. Therefore, RJ should be orally ingested as nutreaceutical agent or food-ingredient only after an allergy test.
Robust PI, gain scheduled and PSS controller design using LMI regions: Comparative studies
Authors: Vesely Vojtech , Murgas Jan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper considers development of a new design procedure for PI and Gain scheduled robust controller with PSS for turbogenerator using LMI regional regions. The obtained PI+PSS and GSC+PSS robust controllers with output and state derivative feedback for uncertain polytopic turbogenerator model ensure that all closed -loop eigenvalues lay in the prescribed LMI region. The proposed method is to guarantee the less conservativeness with respect to previous methods due to introducing a design procedure based on new auxiliary matrices. The effectiveness of this procedure is illustrated by the examples of two controllers for turbogenerator.
Passive ionospheric radar builds with USRP N210
Authors: Rejfek Luboš , Kouba Daniel , Mošna Zbyšek , Knížová Petra Koucká , Tran Phuong T. , Dong Chau Si-Thien 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper presents first results and test of passive detection of Digisonde signal obtained at the Průhonice station, Czech Republic. Described technique can be used to analyze signals transmitted by the Digisonde and further received by simple loop antenna. The receiving system is based on the software defined radio (SDR USRP N210). The device works as the two channels receiver. This method will be employed to record oblique ionograms at several locations in the Czech Republic forming a simple array for detection of fine structures within ionospheric plasma using common DPS 4D transmitter. Using relatively inexpensive passive detection helps to increase a number of reflection points which leads to a better spatial coverage of the ionosphere sounding. The device represents a complementary measurement for detection of signal transmitted by Digisondes in European sector.
Comparison of demographic factors and selected maternity care variables in women who chose midwife-led or obstetrician-led antenatal care respectively
Authors: Łata Aleksandra , Baranowska Barbara , Węgrzyn Piotr 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction. The midwife profession is an independent profession, entitled to provide part of the services of gynaecology and obstetrics. Women whose pregnancy goes in a physiological way may benefit from midwife-led services as part of the benefits refunded by the National Health Fund. This model makes it possible to maintain continuity of care, considered a beneficial solution in the area of mother and child health.

Aim. Determination of the scale of the phenomenon of midwife-led antenatal care in Poland and comparison of groups of women actively using the Internet who chose midwife-led or doctor-led antenatal care.

Material and methods. The survey was carried out in February-March 2018. The research tool was an electronic questionnaire. Questions regarding socio-demographic factors of pregnancy, antenatal education, labour, intervention during labour and labour experience described by women-Internet users were used for the purpose of the analysis. The Chi-square test of independence, the Fisher’s Exact Test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to develop the results.

Results and conclusions. The prenatal care of midwives is not a common phenomenon in Poland. Groups of women who decide on a different form of midwife-led or doctor-led antenatal care differ mainly in the material situation. Women choosing midwifeled antenatal care more often attend antenatal classes and prepare a birth plan. In order to popularize the model of antenatal care provided by midwives, attempts should be made to study the motivation of women who decide on an alternative antenatal care.
Patient satisfaction with the level of being informed about the changes in Slovenian healthcare system
Authors: Terglav Barbara Zupanc , Selak Špela , Vrdelja Mitja , Kaučič Boris Miha , Gabrovec Branko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction. Patients’ satisfaction has a very important role regarding reforms of the healthcare system, which aim at improvement of health and optimisation of costs. Informed patient is one of the factors which notably influences patients’ satisfaction.

Aim. To determine the level of satisfaction of Slovenian residents with the current healthcare system and how well informed they are about the draft law changes to the Healthcare and Health Insurance Act, debated in public in 2017.

Methods. A descriptive, non-experimental sampling method was used (snowball method). A structured questionnaire was used as a measurement tool. The number of 488 persons finished the entire online questionnaire. The data were analysed using the SPSS programme, version 21 (significance level p<0.05), and using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, t-test and linear regression analysis.

Results. Slovenian residents are fairly (un)satisfied with the current healthcare system. Waiting lines affect satisfaction with the current health care system the most, followed by the level of trust in a doctor’s decision concerning treatment and the level of respectfulness in the communication of healthcare workers with patients. Although respondents are less informed about the proposed changes, they support the draft law changes to a high degree. They perceive the information provided on the proposed changes in healthcare as relatively understandable and evaluate them positively. Television is the most important source of information on law changes in healthcare.

Discussion and conclusions. Slovenian residents support the public healthcare system to a very high degree and are less in favour of private healthcare. In the future, more attention needs to be directed towards the related strategic communication and the choice of communication channels with the planned changes in healthcare.
Urban Agriculture as the Path to Sustainable City Development. Insights into Allotment Gardens in Andalusia
Authors: Maćkiewicz Barbara , Asuero Raúl Puente , Almonacid Antonio Garrido 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Increasing demand for urban agriculture (UA) can be perceived as a global phenomenon. In some parts of the world its main function is to feed the rapidly growing population while in others it is more associated with lifestyle and environmental issues. Undeniably, UA provides opportunities for sustainable city development. UA can support all pillars of sustainable development: ecological, economic, and social. However, depending on existing circumstances certain pillars may be influenced more than others. In this paper we concentrate on urban allotments in Andalusia and take Baeza as an example of a city with an interesting approach to urban gardening. We attempt to answer the question how urban allotments in Baeza affect the city’s sustainable development and what remains to be done to make this influence more effective. Our study showed that allotment gardens in Baeza endorsed all three pillars of sustainable city development. However, developing broader community relations on the city scale, revival of declining local grocery market and dissemination of environmental initiatives which allotment gardens may also promote and facilitate was missing.
Critical Analysis on the Amendments Discussed, Concerning Changes in Accounting Estimates
Authors: Burcă Valentin , Nicolăescu Cristina , Drăguţ Daniel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this article, our main aim is to bring in discussion some of the most controversial points debated along the time on the use of the accounting estimates in financial reporting. More important, we have referred to the Exposure Draft recently closed for comment letters, which addressed some points that will follow to be transformed into several amendments to IAS 8. Our discussion is focused, especially on how professionals can make a clear distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting policies. We try to underline the trinomial perspective of this subject, as the changes in accounting estimates impact, not only the financial statements, but can generate issues on auditing those estimates, or on using financial information output on the entity valuation models. Additionally, we try to emphasize the essential role of this distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting policies.
Institutional Entrepreneurship in Health Management: A Survey Experiment on Appreciative Inquiry®
Authors: Dempster Gregory , Kluver Jesse 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Employing the lens of institutional entrepreneurship to help understand the logic of organizational change management, we conduct an analysis of the impact of Appreciative Inquiry® in a multi-unit division of a large, university-based health system. Our results indicate that, although there may have been some marginal impact in temporarily reducing an observed decline in employee commitment indicators, the program failed to sustain positive impacts over the longer term. Implications for the study of organizational change as the action of institutional entrepreneurs are briefly discussed.
Considerations Regarding the Relevance of Direct Foreign Investments in the Global Economy
Authors: Fraticiu Lucia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
It is well known that the current business world, and also the investments, today are based on the global markets expansion. Contemporary reality shows us the image of a world which is irreversibly evolving towards the businesses globalization and the companies’ internationalization. The internal markets often become overcrowded, and the companies access more profoundly the global marketplace, which not only provides a place for all competitors, but also represents a source of new advantages for all. In the context of globalization the investment activity has gained new dimensions, becoming a global one, with serious implications, which manifest itself over the national economies and also over the world economy. Starting from these premises, the present paper’s purpose is to analyze a current, important and intensely debated issue, namely, the direct foreign investments, pointing out the main elements of their historic development and highlighting their fundamental role for the economic development of a country. Thus, here are reviewed some of the indisputable benefits of direct foreign investments generated within the country – as a dynamic development engine. Beyond the beneficial effects, which unequivocally denote the importance of drawing direct foreign investments, we try to answer the question “Can be identified negative effects of direct foreign investments which affect the receiving country?”
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Systems for Marketing Decisions
Authors: Park Yonpae , Jung Sungwoo , Jahmani Yousef 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The activity-based costing (ABC) systems emerged as a management accounting innovation in the mid-1980s in response to dissatisfaction with traditional management accounting techniques and heightened international competition. Although ABC provides many advantages for managerial decision making, ABC tends to be outdated due to its limitations and is substituted by the time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) systems. TDABC requires estimates of only two parameters: how much it costs per time unit of capacity to supply resources to activities and how much time it takes to perform each activity. TDABC allows incorporation of variation in the time demands made by different types of processes and consequently the representation of all possible combinations of activities that a process performs. This paper uses TDABC to calculate marketing costs and describes TDABC as a useful technique to reduce marketing resource costs and to support effective marketing decision making in various contexts such as marketing processes restructuring, marketing mix choices, customer profitability and price differentiation for customer classes.
Banks Digitalization - A Challenge for the Romanian Banking Sector
Authors: Sbarcea Ioana Raluca 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The banking system has undergone several transformations since its beginning up to now, some as a result of adapting to customers’ requirements that have become increasingly sophisticated, and others as a result of the economic and political contexts that have passed, which again – have required its adaptation. Regardless of the situation, the banks have undergone a large digitization process, a process that is now in progress and which in the coming years can cause a significant change in the banking we knew about 10-15 years ago. Through this paper, I propose to analyse the situation of the banking system in terms of adapting to these challenges, at the level of Romania, in the context of the current situation at global and European level, in order to highlight both the progress achieved and the gap in comparison to the other countries, much more competitive from this perspective.
ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSES IN FATAL HEAD INJURY CASES
Authors: Klevno Vladimir A. , Maksimov Alexander V. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. In this research, we compare the antemortem and postmortem diagnosis in fatal head injury cases with the purpose of establishing the structure and causes of incorrect diagnoses.Material and methods. 1223 cases of fatal outcomes with the clinical diagnosis of death from head trauma were examined. In each case, we carried out a comparison of the clinical and autopsy diagnosis in terms of all report headings in order to establish reasons for divergence in the antemortem and postmortem diagnoses and the role of incorrect clinical diagnostics in the onset of death.Results. In 35% of cases, the clinical head trauma diagnoses were incorrectly categorized. In 22.6% cases, the antemortem diagnoses were formulated not in correspondence with the modern classifi cation and terms of ICD-10. In 11.7% cases, the violation of the etiopathogenesis principle was observed. Clinical diagnoses were not supported by objective data and examination results in 4.5% cases. The discrepancy between the clinical and autopsy diagnoses in terms of the ‘underlying disease’, ‘complications’ and ‘concomitant’ headings was 15.6%, 10.1% and 14.0% from all the studied cases, respectively. Subjective reasons are found to statistically predominate among the identifi ed reasons for the divergence of diagnoses.Conclusion. It is established that fi nal clinical diagnoses in fatal head injury cases fail to fully meet the criteria of structure, nosology, etiopathogenesis and reliability. Erroneous diagnoses are found to result from underestimation of clinical data, insuffi cient observation and instrumental examination of patients, incorrect formulation of the fi nal clinical diagnosis.
Talking Donald Trump: A Sociolinguistic Study of Style, Metadiscourse, and Political Identity
Authors: Denistia Karlina 
Published: May 2019

ISBN : 978-1-138-24450-4 (hbk)ISBN : 978-1-3152-7688-5 (ebk)Penulis : Jennifer SclafaniPenerbit : Routledge (2018)Tebal : 105 halaman