bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The crystal structure of dichlorido-(1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2(3H)-ylidene)-(morpholine-κ1
N)palladium(II), C23H29Cl2N3OPd(II)
Authors: Guo-Xing Li 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
C23H29Cl2N3OPd, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.6053(2) Å, b = 17.4544(4) Å, c = 14.5156(3) Å, β = 104.6440(10)°, V = 2354.55(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0184, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0455, T = 173(2) K.
Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus: discovery, mechanisms and function
Authors: Bliss Tim V.P. , Collingridge Graham L. , Morris Richard G.M. , Reymann Klaus G. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this review we reflect upon our contributions to the study of the properties and mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and describe some of the major influences on our work. We then go on to consider whether LTP has fulfilled its early promise of providing a compelling account of the synaptic basis of learning and memory.
Analyzing synaptic plasticity at the single cell level with STDP
Authors: Edelmann Elke , Leßmann Volkmar 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Using patch clamp recordings in acutely isolated brain slices allows to investigate molecular processes that are involved in long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at the level of a single postsynaptic neuron. Via the pipette solution in the recording pipette, it is possible to apply inhibitors of signaling cascades selectively into the postsynaptic neuron to unravel the molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. In recent years, LTP research has been increasingly focused on induction protocols for LTP and LTD that rely on a minimal number of repeated synaptic stimulations at low frequency to induce synaptic plasticity. This is where spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) comes into play. STDP can be induced by repetitive pairings of action potential firing in presynaptic (first neuron) – and postsynaptic (second synaptically connected) neurons, that occurs with a delay of roughly 5–20 ms in forward or backward manner. While forward pairing with short positive time delays (“pre before post”) leads to LTP, backward pairing (“post before pre”) leads to LTD. In addition to the exact sequence and timing of pre- and postsynaptic spiking, the presence of neuromodulatory transmitters in the extracellular space (e. g., dopamine, acetylcholine, noradrenaline) and the synaptic release of intercellular mediators of synaptic plasticity (e. g., BDNF, endocannabinoids) critically regulate the outcome of STDP protocols. In this review we focus on the role of these mediators and modulators of synaptic plasticity in STDP.
Swirling flow of couple stress fluid due to a rotating disk
Authors: Khan Najeeb Alam , Khan Nadeem Alam , Ullah Saif , Naz Farah 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe main objective of the present investigation is to examine the couple stress fluid flow occurring as a result of rotation of a disk. On implementing a suitable transformation, the governing system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted into nonlinear differential equations of a single independent variable. These equations are solved analytically by virtue of the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) which gives solutions in the form of a series. The solution of most of the governing problems is determined in terms of the absolute exponential and decaying functions by means of this powerful technique. To support analytic results, some graphs are plotted for determining the convergence of the solution. Also the graphical interpretation of velocity profiles corresponding to the effects of pertinent parameters are shown and discussed in detail. The numerical results are calculated for evaluation of the influence of fluid parameter. It can also be anticipated that the radial and axial velocity components show decreasing behavior due to rise in the values of couple stress parameter which conflict the behavior of the tangential component of velocity.
Application of QLM-Rational Legendre collocation method towards Eyring-Powell fluid model
Authors: Parand Kourosh , Mirahmadian Fatemeh , Delkhosh Mehdi 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this paper, a spectral method based on the rational Legendre functions is discussed to approximate the solution of the boundary layer flow of an Eyring-Powell non-Newtonian fluid over a stretching sheet. At first, because of the model is a nonlinear ordinary differential equation, we construct a sequence of linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the quasilinearization method (QLM). By applying QLM on the ODEs at each iteration, the equations convert to a system of linear algebraic equations. The present results have shown the high attention and convergence of our method, and the residual error of the present results are very small. In addition, the effect of the Eyring-Powell fluid material parameters is explained.
Nonlinear Dynamic Response of an Axially Functionally Graded (AFG) Beam Resting on Nonlinear Elastic Foundation Subjected to Moving Load
Authors: Alimoradzadeh Mehdi , Salehi Mehdi , Esfarjani Sattar Mohammadi 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In recent years, structures made of Functionally Graded materials (FGMs) are used in industries due to the continuously compositional variation of the constituents in FGMs along different directions. In order to develop FGMs, nonlinear vibration analysis to study dynamic behavior is needed. This study proposes nonlinear vibration analysis of a simply supported axially functionally graded (AFG) beam subjected to a moving harmonic load as an Euler-Bernoulli beam utilizing Green’s strain tensor. Axial variation of material properties of the beam is based on the power law. The governing equations of motion are derived via Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin’s method is implemented to reduce the nonlinear partial differential equations of the system to a number of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. He’s variational method is applied to obtain approximate analytical expressions for the nonlinear frequency and the nonlinear dynamic response of the AFG beam. The effect of some parameters such as the power index and stiffness coefficients, among others, on the nonlinear natural frequency has been investigated. The influence of above mentioned parameters as well as the velocity of the moving harmonic load on the nonlinear dynamic response has been studied. The results indicate that these parameters have a considerable effect on both nonlinear natural frequency and response amplitude.
Engineered porous calcium silicate as paper filler: effect of filler morphology on paper properties
Authors: Song Shunxi , Zhen Xiaoli , Zhang Meiyun , Li Lin , Yang Bin , Lu Peng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDeveloping engineered filler with special morphology to increase filler content and deliver paper desirable properties has been deserved much concern. In this work, two engineered calcium silicate fillers with different morphology, namely fly ash based calcium silicate (FACS), fibrous calcium silicate (FCS) were adopted to investigate the effect of filler morphology on paper properties, and natural wollastonite was used for comparison. It is found that FACS exhibits a wrinkled, porous surface while FCS reveals spherical agglomerates composed of needle-like particles. Physical tests demonstrated that in comparison with natural wollastonite with discrete shape, the aggregated porous structure of FACS and FCS showed noticeable improvement in bulk and opacity due to their high specific surface area (112 m2/g v.s 29 m2/g). At around 40 % filler content, the bulk of FACS and FCS filled handsheets increased 59.6 % and 43.8 %, respectively. The findings suggested that the engineered porous calcium silicate can be potentially used as paper filler in light weighted paper.
Quick estimation for pollution load contributions of aromatic organics in wastewater from pulp and paper industry
Authors: Wei Zhimin , Li Youming , Hou Yi 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Quick and accurate estimation of organic pollution load such as COD in wastewater is very important for the implementation of cleaner production, especially in pulp and paper industry. In order to find the contribution of pollution load of aromatic organics, several non-aromatic and aromatic organics were studied. Results indicated that there was a good linear correlation between theoretical COD (ThOD) and composite parameters of ln(C + H)/O, which is calculated from the amount of C, H and O atoms in the molecular formula. From the regression line equation of ThOD vs ln(C + H)/O, it is found that the gradient of the aromatic ring regression line is lower than that of other acyclic compounds, which may be ascribed to aromatics which were hard to oxidize in measurements of COD. An actual COD well matched to the ThOD estimated for common aromatics with phenolic and non-phenolic structures often appeared for wastewater from pulp and paper industry, with a relative error rate of ± 5 %. Ideal recovery rates of these, 95 % to 105 %, were achieved. This work provides an effective method for quick and accurate estimation for pollution load contributions, which is important for contamination control and progress in industry.
Antistatic properties of transparent plastics using a donor-accepter molecular compound antistatic agent
Authors: Watanabe Takuro , Sano Tomomi , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In a study of antistatic transparent plastic for optical communication purposes, we previously prepared cyclo olefin polymer (COP)/BN105 composite material and confirmed the improvement of dust resistance as well as good antistatic property on the surface of the molded product. In this study, BN105 composite material using fluorene-based polymer (FBP) as base polymer was newly prepared and the injection molded product was evaluated. In the results, the surface electric resistivity of the molded product was reduced to 6.69×1011 Ω/sq and good dust resistance similar to that of COP/BN105 was shown. In addition, the dispersion state of additive molecules inside the BN105 composite molded product was observed by transmission electron microscope, and molecule weight distribution measurement was also conducted for the molded product.
Effect of Superthermal Polarization Force on Dust Acoustic Nonlinear Structures
Authors: Sethi Papihra , Singh Kuldeep , Saini N.S. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
An investigation of the dust acoustic shock waves as well as solitary waves in an unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of fluid of negatively charged dust grains, superthermal ions, and Maxwellian electrons under the influence of superthermally modified polarization force is presented. The polarization force is significantly influenced by superthermal ions. Reductive perturbation technique has been used to derive the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation. It is illustrated that the superthermal polarization force significantly alters the characteristics of the negative polarity shock and solitary waves. It is also examined that the soliton energy gets depleted by the influence of superthermal polarization force.
Oxidative coupling of cycloalkanones with 3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazinone coordinated to Pd(II)
Authors: El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Awwadi Firas F. , Hodali Hamdallah A. , Rawajfeh Rasha S. , Zreid Monther S. , Voelter Wolfgang 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Dichloro[3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazinone]Pd(II) undergoes oxidative C–C coupling reaction with cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone at 110°C to yield the respective Pd complexes, chloro[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2-hydroxycyclopent-1-enyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-6(1H)-one]palladium(II) (3) and chloro[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2-hydroxycyclohex-1-enyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-6(1H)-one]palladium(II) (4). The structures of both complexes are supported by spectral data and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The molecules 3 and 4 stack to form tunnel structures, whilst the geometry around the palladium ion is square planar.
Using Time Domain Reflectometry to Determine Depth of Fouling and Fouling Type in Railway Track Substructure
Authors: Alsabhan Abdullah , Fratta Dante , Warren Benjamin J. , Tinjum James M. , Edil Tuncer B. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This study documents the development of a procedure for the identification of the depth and type of ballast fouling using the time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique. Ballast fouling leads to a reduction in the bearing capacity of the railway substructure, a decrease in the drainage capacity, and an increase in track deformation. As a consequence of these detrimental effects, rail tracks lose load capacity, ride comfort deteriorates, and trains may ultimately derail. The determination of type and extent of ballast fouling may be used to assess the expected life of rail track and to plan maintenance operations. TDR waveforms of variably fouled ballast and subballast layers were evaluated in the lab to yield relative dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity and to thus characterize the effect of ballast gradation, mineralogy, and water content on electromagnetic response. Strong relationships between depth of fouling, volumetric water content, and relative dielectric permittivity were developed. These results were then expanded to the interpretation of ground penetrating radar (GPR) inspection and to quantify the level of fouling in larger-scale maintenance operations. The proposed technique can be complementary to GPR as it reduces the uncertainty in determining the depth and type of fouling when using GPR alone.
Endoszkópos arytaenoid abdukciós lateropexia foniátriai eredményei átmeneti kétoldali gégebénulás esetén
Authors: Matievics Vera , Sztanó Balázs , Bach Ádám , Rovó László 
Published: July 2018

Abstract: Introduction: Dyspnea caused by bilateral vocal cord paralysis often requires surgical intervention to prevent acute asphyxiation. The regeneration of the laryngeal nerves may last weeks or months and it is difficult to predict the outcome. In the past decades, several open and endoscopic surgical techniques have been introduced for treatment to avoid tracheostomy, however, these procedures with resection of the glottis resulted in irreversible changes in the laryngeal structure, thus the voice quality decreased over a long-term period. Aim: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy is an accepted reversible, minimally invasive technique that provides an immediate patent airway by the lateralisation of the arytenoid cartilage with a suture. The aim of our study was to analyze the phonatory and respiratory outcomes of this treatment concept. Method: Two patients suffering from bilateral vocal cord palsy were treated with endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy. After recovery of the vocal cord movements, the sutures were removed. Spirometric and phoniatric results of the two patients were analysed after suture removal. Results: Good spirometric parameters and normal voice quality were detected in both cases. Conclusions: These results prove the high reversibility of the minimally invasive endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy. Lateralization suture can be removed in the case of vocal cord movement recovery, and phonation may be physiological. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(29): 1188–1192.
Zmiana wyznania a tzw. wina rozkładu pożycia. Glosa aprobująca do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 25.8.2004 r. (sygn. akt IV CK 609/03)
Authors: Urbanek Krzysztof Łukasz 
Published: July 2018

Artykuł stanowi analizę wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 25.8.2004 r. (sygn. akt IV CK 609/03) dotyczącego wpływu zmiany wyznania jednego z małżonkówna rozkład pożycia małżeńskiego i prawnych konsekwencji zmiany wyznania,ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem „winy” małżonka. Autor aprobuje stanowisko Sądu Najwyższego z pewnymi modyfikacjami i stara się dowieść, że zmiana światopoglądu może skutkować rozpadem pożycia małżeńskiego, a w konsekwencji, może być kwalifikowana w prawną instytucję winy rozwodowej.
Batı’da Karşılaştırmalı Eğitim Araştırmalarının Gelişimi
Authors: ÖKSÜZ GÜL Feride 
Published: July 2018

Bu derleme çalışması,
karşılaştırmalı eğitim araştırmalarının gelişimini incelemeyi ve bu
araştırmaların güncel doğasını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca
ulaşmak için öncelikle karşılaştırma araştırmalarının genel özellikleri ve var
oluş sebepleri tartışılmış; eğitim araştırmalarında ‘karşılaştırma’ teriminin
epistemolojik dayanakları ele alınmıştır. Ardından bir disiplin olarak
karşılaştırmalı eğitimin tarihsel süreçte edindiği –etkileri halen sürmekte
olan- amaçları ve işlevleri dönemsel olarak incelenmiştir. Son olarak, güncel
karşılaştırmalı eğitim araştırmalarını şekillendiren kavramlar, birbirleri ile olan ilişkileri
bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir.
Bir Eğitim, Kültür, Sosyal ve İbadet Müessesesi Olarak Gazi Bodur Hüseyin Paşa’nın Taşlıca’daki Vakıf Eserleri
Authors: KELEŞ Hamza , CAN Mustafa 
Published: July 2018

Gazi Bodur Hüseyin Paşa,
günümüzde Karadağ sınırları içerisinde kalan Taşlıca’da (Pljevlja) doğmuş ve
Sokollu Mehmed Paşa tarafından devşirildikten sonra Osmanlı Devleti’nde askeri
ve idari organizasyonlarında önemli görevlerde bulunmuştur. Hersek
sancakbeyliği yaptığı dönemde sancak merkezi ve aynı zamanda memleketi olan
Taşlıca’da kendi adına bir vakıf tesis ettirmiştir. Hüseyin Paşa tarafından
yaptırılan eserlerle beraber Taşlıca hızlı bir şekilde Osmanlı şehri kisvesine
bürünmüştür. Hüseyin Paşa Vakfı’nın kendisine ait vakfiyesine henüz
rastlanılmamıştır. Bu nedenle vakfa ait bilgiler Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü
arşivindeki iki temel arşiv kaydından ve Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesi’nden elde
edilebilmektedir. Gazi Bodur Hüseyin Paşa tarafından tesis edilen vakıf
bünyesinde cami, mektep, medrese, han, kervansaray, hamam, imaret yapıları
bulundurmaktadır. Bu yönüyle belli bir bölgenin eğitim, sosyal, kültürel ve
ibadet kurumu ihtiyacının karşılanması durumu, diğer birçok Osmanlı vakfında
olduğu gibi Hüseyin Paşa vakfı için de geçerlidir. Bu makalede ilgili belgeler
ışığında Gazi Bodur Hüseyin Paşa’nın Karadağ
Taşlıca’daki vakıf eserleri hakkında bilgi verilecektir.
Adaptive Impedance Control of Robot Manipulators with Parametric Uncertainty for Constrained Path–Tracking
Authors: Bonilla Isela , Mendoza Marco , Campos-Delgado Daniel U. , Hernández-Alfaro Diana E. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The main impedance control schemes in the task space require accurate knowledge of the kinematics and dynamics of the robotic system to be controlled. In order to eliminate this dependence and preserve the structure of this kind of algorithms, this paper presents an adaptive impedance control approach to robot manipulators with kinematic and dynamic parametric uncertainty. The proposed scheme is an inverse dynamics control law that leads to the closed-loop system having a PD structure whose equilibrium point converges asymptotically to zero according to the formal stability analysis in the Lyapunov sense. In addition, the general structure of the scheme is composed of continuous functions and includes the modeling of most of the physical phenomena present in the dynamics of the robotic system. The main feature of this control scheme is that it allows precise path tracking in both free and constrained spaces (if the robot is in contact with the environment). The proper behavior of the closed-loop system is validated using a two degree-of-freedom robotic arm. For this benchmark good results were obtained and the control objective was achieved despite neglecting non modeled dynamics, such as viscous and Coulomb friction.
Pattern Layer Reduction for a Generalized Regression Neural Network by Using a Self–Organizing Map
Authors: Kartal Serkan , Oral Mustafa , Ozyildirim Buse Melis 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In a general regression neural network (GRNN), the number of neurons in the pattern layer is proportional to the number of training samples in the dataset. The use of a GRNN in applications that have relatively large datasets becomes troublesome due to the architecture and speed required. The great number of neurons in the pattern layer requires a substantial increase in memory usage and causes a substantial decrease in calculation speed. Therefore, there is a strong need for pattern layer size reduction. In this study, a self-organizing map (SOM) structure is introduced as a pre-processor for the GRNN. First, an SOM is generated for the training dataset. Second, each training record is labelled with the most similar map unit. Lastly, when a new test record is applied to the network, the most similar map units are detected, and the training data that have the same labels as the detected units are fed into the network instead of the entire training dataset. This scheme enables a considerable reduction in the pattern layer size. The proposed hybrid model was evaluated by using fifteen benchmark test functions and eight different UCI datasets. According to the simulation results, the proposed model significantly simplifies the GRNN’s structure without any performance loss.
Evaluation of a Greenhouse under Tropical Conditions Using Irish Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) as the Test Crop
Authors: Akpenpuun Timothy Denen , Mijinyawa Yahaya 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Irish potato is a tuberous staple food predominantly grown in Plateau State, a temperate climate. As a result of the high demand for Irish potato, there is a shortage in its supply in Nigeria. The shortage in its supply could be attributed to climate change and the fall in the production level. This study sought to establish the potential of a greenhouse (GH) for the production of Irish potato in the tropics. The experiments were carried out in the rainy and dry seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Nicola, Diamant, Batita, New Seed and Okonkwo varieties of Irish potato were cultivated inside and outside the greenhouse. Thirty seedlings of each variety were planted using Completely Randomised Experimental Design. Greenhouse performance was evaluated in terms of air temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure deficit, yield, stem diameter, stem height and dry matter content. The result of the analysis of variance revealed that the mean greenhouse and open-field temperature, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit differed significantly at 0.01 during the rainy and dry season. The yield and growth data in and outside the greenhouse were significantly different at 0.01. Diamant, Batista and Okonkwo varieties are recommended for GH production.
Drawbar Parameters of Tractor with Prototypes of Driving Wheels and Standard Tyres
Authors: Majdan Radoslav , Abrahám Rudolf , Tkáč Zdenko , Mojžiš Miroslav 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The paper presents the main drawbar parameters of tractor (drawbar pull, drawbar power and wheels slip) operating in a grass plot and evaluates the utilization of specially modified tyres with spikes. These prototypes of driving wheels were designed at the Department of Transport and Handling of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The designed mechanism with spikes is mounted on standard tractor tyres, in which grooves were made. Spikes are hidden in grooves during transportation on a route. On the grassy landscape or soil, the spikes are ejected in order to improve the drawbar parameters. During operation, the drawbar pull and the rotation speeds of wheels were measured, whereupon the wheel slip was calculated. Results show the highest increase in tractor speed at the second gear and high load in utilized prototypes of the driving wheels (1.89 km·h-1) in comparison to standard tyres (1.10 km·h-1). Measurements also demonstrate the highest improvement of drawbar power under the aforementioned conditions in case of tractor with prototypes of driving wheels (1,719.87 W) in comparison with tractor using the standard tyres (1,061.57 W).