bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective Room Temperature Hydrogenation of Alkenes by X‐Ray Characterized Salicylaldimine‐Rhodium(I) Complex
Authors: Ünver Hakan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the study, a mononuclear X‐ray characterized Rh(I) complex with salicylidene (salhyd) and cyclooctadiene (cod) ligands was synthesized. The synthesized complex was used as homogenous hydrogenation catalyst of styrene, 1‐octene and cyclohexene in several organic solvents at ambient temperature. Up to 400 ns/ncat ratio and 521 TON/TOF values were obtained with 100 % product formation for styrene and 96.7 % n‐octane and isomers (2‐octene and 3‐octene) at room temperature in one‐hour reaction time. Molecular hydrogen was used as hydrogen source, and the best activity was observed in dimethyl sulfoxide. Due to the high effectivity of synthesized catalyst at room temperature, the designed system became attractive on homogenous hydrogenation for selected olefins.
Aerobic Oxidation of Methyl‐substituted β‐Carbolines Catalyzed by N‐Hydroxyphthalimide and Metal Catalyst
Authors: Qiu Hongda , Liang Weida , Zhang Gongjun , Lin Miaoman , Liu Wanmin , Gao Zhanghua , Wei Wenting , Tang Chunlan , Jin Haixiao , Liang Hongze , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarboxylic functionalized β‐carbolines were successfully synthesized in good to excellent yields and high selectivity under mild conditions by aerobic oxidation in the presence of NHPI and transition metal salt using molecular oxygen as an oxidizing agent. A variety of derivatives of fascaplysin thus are available for structure‐bioactivity investigations.
Selecting near‐native protein structures from ab initio models using ensemble clustering
Authors: Li Li , Yan Huanqian , Lu Yonggang 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundAb initio protein structure prediction is to predict the tertiary structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence alone. As an important topic in bioinformatics, considerable efforts have been made on designing the ab initio methods. Unfortunately, lacking of a perfect energy function, it is a difficult task to select a good near‐native structure from the predicted decoy structures in the last step.MethodsHere we propose an ensemble clustering method based on k‐medoids to deal with this problem. The k‐medoids method is run many times to generate clustering ensembles, and then a voting method is used to combine the clustering results. A confidence score is defined to select the final near‐native model, considering both the cluster size and the cluster similarity.ResultsWe have applied the method to 54 single‐domain targets in CASP‐11. For about 70.4% of these targets, the proposed method can select better near‐native structures compared to the SPICKER method used by the I‐TASSER server.ConclusionsThe experiments show that, the proposed method is effective in selecting the near‐native structure from decoy sets for different targets in terms of the similarity between the selected structure and the native structure.
High‐resolution DEM building with SAR interferometry and high‐resolution optical image
Authors: Hadj‐Sahraoui Omar , Fizazi Hadria , Berrichi Faouzi , Chamakhi Djemoui , Kebir Lahcen Wahib 
Published: November 2018

There have been many published articles describing Interferometry algorithms for DEM generation in different applications. The best uncertainty achieved in most of these articles is greater than ±1 m calculating the elevation. Enabling scientists to gain experience with new techniques at low cost. Interferometry with synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is one of the best technique for measuring the altimetry surface, its different changes and degradation over time, and the characteristics detailed of the surface. To take a better resolution of the surfaces, the authors propose their approach; it's to merge the results of the interferometry and data from segmentation of an optical high‐resolution image. In this report, they describe a procedure for hybridisation of interferometry algorithm (InSAR) and the use of geospatial data from the image segmentation, with extraction of the building to calculate the zonal statistic parameter and mapping all segments comprising the highest elevations. This report is written in a step by step format to simplify the complicated steps described in this study, with a focus on the hybridisation instead of the interferometry. The tests of this method were carried out on several sites, and showed good results.
Large‐scale uniform fabrication and morphology control of ultrafine perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: He Zhengda , Hao Yanan , Bi Meihua , Guo Limin , Bi Ke 
Published: November 2018

Nanomaterials are playing more and more important roles in modern industry, while the large‐scale fabrication and dispersibility still need to be addressed. This report explores the uniform fabrication and morphology control of ultrafine BaTiO3 (BT) nanocrystals using a ‘TEG‐sol’ method. By varying the reactant concentration, the obtained product sols, Ba/Ti ratios, structure and morphology of the nanocrystals are investigated. The results reveal that under low concentrations (0.4–0.8 mol/L), transparent sols with uniform BT nanocrystals are obtained. Increasing the concentration to higher than 1.0 mol/L, BT precipitates with abnormal large crystals are obtained. Moreover, the Ba/Ti ratio variation further reveals that the surface organics are critical to the control of crystal size and morphology. This investigation is potential to be extended to the synthesis of various perovskite nanocrystals.
Hyper Suprime-Cam view of the CMASS galaxy sample
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Wang Wenting , Bahcall Neta 
Published: November 2018

Aims. We wish to determine the distribution of dark matter halo masses as a function of the stellar mass and the stellar mass profile for massive galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) constant-mass (CMASS) sample.Methods. We usedgrizyphotometry from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) to obtain Sérsic fits and stellar masses of CMASS galaxies for which HSC weak-lensing data are available. This sample was visually selected to have spheroidal morphology. We applied a cut in stellar mass, logM*/M⊙ >  11.0, and selected ∼10 000 objects thus. Using a Bayesian hierarchical inference method, we first investigated the distribution of Sérsic index and size as a function of stellar mass. Then, making use of shear measurements from HSC, we measured the distribution of halo mass as a function of stellar mass, size, and Sérsic index.Results. Our data reveal a steep stellar mass-size relationRe∝M*βR, withβRlarger than unity, and a positive correlation between Sérsic index and stellar mass:n∝M*0.46. The halo mass scales approximately with the 1.7 power of the stellar mass. We do not find evidence for an additional dependence of halo mass on size or Sérsic index at fixed stellar mass.Conclusions. Our results disfavour galaxy evolution models that predict significant differences in the size growth efficiency of galaxies living in low- and high-mass halos.
The problem of visibility in LGBT human rights: a reply to Camminga and Mills
Authors: Clark Phoebe 
Published: November 2018

This reply responds to contributions by Camminga and Mills to the issue's sub-theme of ‘The Role of International and Domestic Law in Attaining Gender and Sexual Equality’.
This reply argues that the papers show how increased visibility exposes queer people to a greater risk of discrimination, which law-makers must navigate when crafting policy. The reply also notes that a neo-colonial power dynamic exists between Global North and South policies which influences the creation of symbolic queer-specific human rights policy. This dynamic prompts the spread of Western language and conceptualizations of gender and sexual identity. Clark develops examples from Mills’ and Camminga's articles to present a possible alternative way to create policy to protect LGBT human rights and rethink identity informed by experiences of discrimination.
Refined Measurement of Verbal Learning and Memory: Application of Item Response Theory to California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II) Learning Trials
Authors: Thiruselvam Indrani , Hoelzle James B 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objective
This study was conducted to investigate how items contained within the California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II; Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation) learning trials function and to evaluate whether weighted scoring approaches might improve quantification of verbal memory.

Method
Archival data from 577 individuals (338 healthy young adults, 239 medical or psychiatric patients referred to a neuropsychology clinic) were obtained and evaluated using item response theory.

Results
The serial position effect was evident across trials, but was most evident in Trials 1, 2, and 3. CVLT-II Trial 5 was the most effective among the five learning trials in quantifying verbal memory, although it was most effective when measuring lower memory ability levels. In contrast, CVLT-II Trial 1 items had, on average, the highest difficulty levels. Various weighted scoring approaches did not appear incrementally helpful in improving prediction of memory performance.

Conclusion
Specific items and trials differentially discriminate between examinees with low levels of memory ability; it is important to thoroughly evaluate item properties of tests used in clinical decision-making.
Maternal anthropometry: trends and inequalities in four population-based birth cohorts in Pelotas, Brazil, 1982–2015
Authors: Horta Bernardo L , Barros Fernando C , Lima Natália P , Assunção Maria C F , Santos Iná S , Domingues Marlos R , Victora Cesar G ,   Pelotas Cohorts Study Group, Barros Aluisio J D , Matijasevich Alicia , Menezes Ana M B , Bertoldi Andrea Dâmaso , Bassani Diego G , Wehrmeister Fernando C , Gonçalves Helen , Murray Joseph , Tovo-Rodrigues Luciana , Silveira Mariangela F , Hallal Pedro R C 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Pre-pregnancy nutritional status and weight gain during pregnancy have short- and long-term consequences for the health of women and children. This study was aimed at evaluating maternal height,- and overweight or obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy and gestational weight gain, according to socioeconomic status and maternal skin colour of mothers in Pelotas, a southern Brazilian city, in 1982, 1993, 2004 and 2015.

Methods
In 1982, 1993, 2004 and 2015, the maternity hospitals in Pelotas were visited daily, all deliveries were identified and mothers who lived in the urban area of the city were interviewed. Maternal weight at the beginning of the pregnancy was self-reported by the mother or obtained from the antenatal card. Maternal height was collected from the maternity records or measured by the research team. Overweight or obesity was defined by a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Gestational weight gain was evaluated according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines.

Results
In the four cohorts, we evaluated 19 931 women. From 1982 to 2015, the prevalence of overweight or obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy increased from 22.1% to 47.0% and height increased by an average of 5.2 cm, whereas gestational weight gain did not change. Socioeconomic status was positively associated with maternal height, and the difference between the poorest and the wealthiest decreased. Overweight or obesity was lower among those mothers in the extreme categories of family income.

Conclusions
Over the 33-year span, mothers were taller at the beginning of the pregnancy, but the prevalence of overweight or obesity more than doubled.
MAGE genes in the kidney: identification of MAGED2 as upregulated during kidney injury and in stressed tubular cells
Authors: Valiño-Rivas Lara , Cuarental Leticia , Agustin Mateo , Husi Holger , Cannata-Ortiz Pablo , Sanz Ana B , Mischak Harald , Ortiz Alberto , Sanchez-Niño Maria Dolores 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundMutations in Melanoma Antigen-encoding Gene D2 (MAGED2) promote tubular dysfunction, suggesting that MAGE proteins may play a role in kidney pathophysiology. We have characterized the expression and regulation of MAGE genes in normal kidneys and during kidney disease.MethodsThe expression of MAGE genes and their encoded proteins was explored by systems biology multi-omics (kidney transcriptomics and proteomics) in healthy adult murine kidneys and following induction of experimental acute kidney injury (AKI) by a folic acid overdose. Changes in kidney expression during nephrotoxic AKI were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry. Factors regulating gene expression were studied in cultured tubular cells.ResultsFive MAGE genes (MAGED1, MAGED2, MAGED3, MAGEH1, MAGEE1) were expressed at the mRNA level in healthy adult mouse kidneys, as assessed by RNA-Seq. Additionally, MAGED2 was significantly upregulated during experimental AKI as assessed by array transcriptomics. Kidney proteomics also identified MAGED2 as upregulated during AKI. The increased kidney expression of MAGED2 mRNA and protein was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively, in murine folic acid- and cisplatin-induced AKI. Immunohistochemistry located MAGED2 to tubular cells in experimental and human kidney injury. Tubular cell stressors [serum deprivation and the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)] upregulated MAGED2 in cultured tubular cells.ConclusionsMAGED2 is upregulated in tubular cells in experimental and human kidney injury and is increased by stressors in cultured tubular cells. This points to a role of MAGED2 in tubular cell injury during kidney disease that should be dissected by carefully designed functional approaches.
A White Matter Fiber Microdissection Study of the Anterior Perforated Substance and the Basal Forebrain: A Gateway to the Basal Ganglia?
Authors: Serra Carlo , Akeret Kevin , Maldaner Nicolai , Staartjes Victor E , Regli Luca , Baltsavias Gerasimos , Krayenbühl Niklaus 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Studies detailing the anatomy of the basal forebrain (BF) from a neurosurgical perspective are missing.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the anatomy of the BF and of the anterior perforated substance (APS), the BF emphasizing surgical useful anatomical relationship between surface landmarks and deep structures.

METHODS
White matter fiber microdissection was performed on 5 brain specimens to analyze the topographic anatomy of the APS and expose layer-by-layer fiber tracts and nuclei of the BF.

RESULTS
The APS, as identified anatomically, surgically, and neuroradiologically, has clear borders measured 23.3 ± 3.4 mm (19-27) in the mediolateral and 12.5 ± 1.2 mm (11-14) in the anteroposterior directions. A detailed stratigraphy of the BF was performed from the APS up to basal ganglia and thalamus allowing identification and dissection of the main components of the BF (septum, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, innominate substance) and its white matter tracts (band of Broca, extracapsular thalamic peduncle, ventral amygdalohypothalamic fibers). The olfactory trigone together with diagonal gyrus and the APS proper is a relevant superficial landmark for the basal ganglia (inferior to the nucleus accumbens, lateral to the caudate head, and medial to the lentiform nucleus).

CONCLUSION
The findings in our study supplement available anatomic knowledge of APS and BF, providing reliable landmarks for precise topographic diagnosis of BF lesions and for intraoperative orientation. Surgically relevant relationships between surface and deep anatomic structures are highlighted offering thus a contribution to neurosurgeons willing to perform surgery in this delicate area.
Endovascular Flow Diversion for Hemifacial Spasm Induced by a Vertebral Artery Aneurysm: First Experience
Authors: Santiago-Dieppa David R , McDonald Marin A , Brandel Michael G , Rennert Robert C , Khalessi Alexander A , Olson Scott E 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Flow diversion for the treatment of aneurysm-induced hemifacial spasm (HFS) has not been previously described.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
The authors present the case of a 60-yr-old woman who presented with 1 yr of progressive left HFS secondary to a vertebral artery aneurysm compressing the root entry zone of cranial nerve VII. The patient's aneurysm was successfully treated with a flow diverting stent.

CONCLUSION
In the immediate postoperative period, the patient had near complete resolution of her HFS symptoms. At her 6-mo follow-up the patient had no angiographic filling of the aneurysm and her HFS symptoms had completely resolved.
How does avian seed dispersal shape the structure of early successional tropical forests?
Authors: González‐Castro Aarón , Yang Suann , Carlo Tomás A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Frugivores shape plant communities via seed dispersal of fleshy‐fruited plant species. However, the structural characteristics that frugivores impart to plant communities are little understood. Evaluating how frugivores structure plant communities via the nonproportional use of available fruit resources is critical to understand the functioning of ecosystems where fleshy‐fruited plant species are dominant, such as tropical forests.

We performed a seed‐addition field experiment to investigate how frugivorous birds shape the composition and richness of forests during early stages of secondary succession in cleared areas in Puerto Rico. The experiment tested whether the bird‐generated seed rain and the subsequent early successional plant communities were proportional representations of the fleshy‐fruited species that dominated the surrounding community. Experimental treatments consisted of patches with (a) seed‐additions by wild birds attracted to experimental patches with pole perches, (b) manual seed‐additions proportional to fruit abundance at the local scale (≤50 m from experimental plots) and (c) manual seed‐additions proportional to fruit abundance at the landscape scale (entire study site).

Birds' seed‐additions differed in composition and abundance to expectations based on fruit availability at local and landscape scales. Treatments with seeds added by birds had the highest species richness in both the seed rain and the emergence stages despite how, on average, the monthly richness in the landscape‐scale treatment was double that of birds and the local‐scale treatment. This phenomenon was explained by the highest heterogeneity from the bird seed‐addition treatment across months, and the lowest seed per capita emergence rates in landscape treatments. Rather than reflecting relative fruit abundance, birds biased seed rain and per capita emergence towards a non‐random mixture of both small‐ and large‐seeded species, resulting in richer and distinct plant communities.

Because frugivory and seed dispersal patterns depart from random encounters between frugivores and plants in communities, successional forests are characterized by an overrepresentation of proportionally rare plant species, and decreases in the dominance of many common species. Thus, for regenerating tropical forests, frugivory can function as mechanism that promotes persistence of rare plant species and their coexistence with more abundant plants.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Ashes to ashes: Intense fires extinguish populations of urban short‐range endemics
Authors: Mason Leanda , Bateman PHILIP WILLIAM , Miller Ben P. , Wardell‐Johnson Grant Wesley 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNative bushland fragmented by urbanization often experiences increased cover of flammable weeds, reduced biomass turnover and an absence of fuel management combined with increased ignitions. Depending on species’ mobility and dispersal traits, and the extent of burns within urban remnants, such fires may reduce individual survival rates or limit natural recolonization. We monitored the survival of mygalomorph spiders for a year following high‐intensity and low‐intensity fires in Banksia woodland remnants in urban Perth. Of the 257 burrows found, 115 spiders were confirmed to initially survive after intense wildfire, but none were confirmed alive after 12 months. In sharp contrast, only one spider from 103 observed burrows was confirmed dead after a low‐intensity prescribed fire. As there were instances of our monitored mygalomorphs relocating a short distance following only low intensity fires, we also tested whether predation rates were higher in burnt than unburnt areas. Higher rates of predation were found in burnt areas, but this was strongly influenced by both site and predator type. We recommend further consideration of low‐intensity prescribed fire as well as alternative fuel management approaches in urban remnants to better conserve mygalomorph spider populations and other taxa with limited dispersal and/or mobility capabilities.
Mary Griffith’sThree Hundred Years Hence:Utopia, Women, and Marriage
Authors: Purdy Lillian M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMary Griffith’sThree Hundred Years Hence(1836) is the first attempt by an American woman to create a literary utopia. With this work, Griffith begins a literary conversation on women and marriage, including women’s rights and gender equality, and she imagines new laws and reforms that strengthen marriages, married life, and family satisfaction. Griffith’s work situates marriage as an integral part of a successful environment and imagines solutions to national concerns regarding women that will be addressed later in the century. Griffith tackles slavery, alcoholism, and divorce laws, as well as issues that directly affected married women, particularly white married women. In the novel, women have earned equality without negatively affecting domesticity or female purity. Women’s daily lives are improved, educational opportunities are opened to women, children’s lives are valued in the new community, and order in the home and community serve as the basis for utopia. Griffith’s vision is bold even as it is limited because, while women are often the creative minds behind the utopian improvements that are described, in the plot itself, women are silent. Other weaknesses in the plot include the oversimplified solution to slavery and the ambiguous resolution of the fate of Native Americans within the utopia. Tragically, in her vision, Griffith has eliminated both groups from the community. Griffith mixes futuristic technological improvements with biting commentary on contemporary social issues and the treatment of women. Griffith uses the genre of utopian vision to present solutions to many challenges facing 19th‐century white women.
Naming a Star: Ursula Le Guin’s The Dispossessed and the Reimagining of Utopianism
Authors: Cross Katherine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMore than most of her works, Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Dispossessed feels unfinished, its perspective blurred. But through its flawed aperture one nevertheless sees why: its subject is all that is left unsaid and undone after a revolution. In this tale of two worlds, anarchist Anarres and statist Urras are implacably opposed. Yet each is continuous with the other. For its flaws, The Dispossessed, as a sociological novel, brilliantly analyzes where emancipatory politics can go wrong, using insights that were new even to social scientists in the early 1970s: the notion that power need not be formally titled or openly hierarchical in order to be effective and oppressive. In short, this is a novel about the dangers of informal power, and how revolutionary dogma can rhetorically mask it. But it stands out among Cold War era fiction for not portraying a flawed leftist society as a dystopia. Instead, Le Guin’s vision of Anarres is of a society that has become complacent, that has forgotten the permanence of revolution, where bad actors take advantage of political dogma and “non‐hierarchical” stations to exercise power in grotesque ways. Power never goes away, and Le Guin’s genius in The Dispossessed lies in showing us the myriad ways it endures.