bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic selection and decision matrix for energy-efficient intensified distillation technologies
Authors: Li Qing , Somoza-Tornos Ana , Kiss Anton A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Distillation is widely used for fluid separation in chemical industries, but accounts for a half of the operational cost and 40–50 % of the energy usage due to its low energy efficiency. Process intensification could effectively enhance the energy efficiency as well as improve the economic performance of distillation processes by integrating unit operations or functions. However, matching suitable intensified distillation techniques systematically with given separation tasks remains a challenge. This study is the first to generate a conceptual multi-step selection and decision approach by first going through several high level questions with corresponding suggested solutions for a separation task, then identifying the process bottlenecks and intensification targets via a list of evaluation criteria. Each of the technologies goes through a pre-filled process intensification (PI) matrix, and the most promising intensified technologies are recommended, and potential solutions are compared against the task specifications. The PI matrix proposed in this work yields a short list of appropriate solutions to be designed and economically assessed, proposing a screening framework for fluid separations in order to make a rapid selection at an early stage. Several binary, ternary, and multicomponent zeotropic and azeotropic mixture separations are carried out as case studies to illustrate the application of the proposed methodology, being validated using literature data. The proposed methodology can also help reduce the search space before carrying out rigorous optimization for the synthesis and design of the distillation.
Ethics within chemistry education: options, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Mammino Liliana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ethics considerations are necessary in all human activities. They are particularly important for activities that impact on human wellbeing and society. Chemistry has paramount impacts because of the extensive presence of chemistry-based items in everyday life and their eventual impacts on the environment, which, in turn, affect human beings because humans live in the environment and depend on it. Therefore, it is important to include ethics considerations in chemistry education at all levels and – to a larger extent – in the preparation of chemistry specialists. The present work analyses the main challenges associated with the incorporation of ethics into chemistry courses, and outlines possible promising approaches. When considering chemicals, the major ethical-type terms could be the benefits from their use and the possible harms to human beings or the environment: therefore, the “doing good” ethical concept can be associated with maximising the former and minimising the latter. The ways in which benefits or harms occur can be analysed in terms of the nature of selected chemicals, their usage modes, the routes through which they may enter the environment, and the undesirable effects they may cause through inappropriate usage or through their presence in the environment.
Safe Places of Integration: Female Migrants from Eurasia in Lisbon, Portugal
Authors: Koncz Linda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article works with (Re)Searching Needs and Hope through Visual Storytelling which is the author’s audiovisual research project containing interviews with migrants of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. The same set of questions was asked of people with different nationalities to identify the similarities and differences within their integration process; the questions focused on the socio-cultural aspects of integration. The article compares the participants’ answers regarding what helped or hindered their integration experience. The article relates these outcomes to what contributes to a migrant’s feeling of safety in a new home country. The main concepts used are “integration,” applying differentiating levels of integration experience, and “safe place,” which originated from Yi-Fu Tan, but have been interpreted through a wide socio-cultural lens in the conclusion.
TREMSUCS-TCGA – an integrated workflow for the identification of biomarkers for treatment success
Authors: Balogh Gabor , Jorge Natasha , Dupain Célia , Kamal Maud , Servant Nicolas , Le Tourneau Christophe , Stadler Peter F. , Bernhart Stephan H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Many publicly available databases provide disease related data, that makes it possible to link genomic data to medical and meta-data. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA), for example, compiles tens of thousand of datasets covering a wide array of cancer types. Here we introduce an interactive and highly automatized TCGA-based workflow that links and analyses epigenomic and transcriptomic data with treatment and survival data in order to identify possible biomarkers that indicate treatment success. TREMSUCS-TCGA is flexible with respect to type of cancer and treatment and provides standard methods for differential expression analysis or DMR detection. Furthermore, it makes it possible to examine several cancer types together in a pan-cancer type approach. Parallelisation and reproducibility of all steps is ensured with the workflowmanagement system Snakemake. TREMSUCS-TCGA produces a comprehensive single report file which holds all relevant results in descriptive and tabular form that can be explored in an interactive manner. As a showcase application we describe a comprehensive analysis of the available data for the combination of patients with squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck, cervix and lung treated with cisplatin, carboplatin and the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel. The best ranked biomarker candidates are discussed in the light of the existing literature, indicating plausible causal relationships to the relevant cancer entities.
Comparison of etchants for corrosion-resistant stainless steels in medical engineering
Authors: Schultheiß U. , Hornberger H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Corrosion-resistant stainless steels are widely used in medical engineering. Today, additive manufacturing techniques are also used for this purpose, in particular for implant steels. Additively processed materials sometimes react differently to etching than conventionally processed ones. The use of etchants for contrasting the microstructure must therefore be adapted. Chemical etching using V2A etchant, Murakami, and anhydrous Kalling solutions, as well as electrochemical etching using nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and oxalic acid were performed. Etched samples made of conventionally processed X2CrNi-Mo17-12-2 were compared to samples manufactured using selective laser melting and sintering, and the optimal contrast was developed in each case. It can be shown that the different etchants reveal different microstructural constituents and that etchants must therefore be selected as a function of the application.
Ionic surfactants critical micelle concentration modelling in water/organic solvent mixtures using random forest and support vector machine algorithms
Authors: Soria-López Anton , García-Martí María , Mejuto Juan C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The physicochemical property of surfactants that is widely used to study their behavior is the critical micellar concentration (CMC). The value of this property is specific to each surfactant as it depends on a number of external factors and the chemical composition of the surfactant. This research focused on using two new machine learning approaches, Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), to predict the logarithmic CMC value of 10 ionic surfactants. The same database from the previous study (a total of 258 experimental cases) was used with the same input variables – those defining the mixture of the organic solvent-water: T, molecular weight, molar fraction and log P; and the chemical composition of the surfactant: number of atoms of each element of the surfactant – to develop the predictive models. The best RF and SVM models were then compared with the best ANN model developed in the previous study. According to the results, the normalized models were those that presented the lowest RMSE values in the validation phase. Finally, the two approaches proposed in this research are suitable tools, together with the ANN, for the prediction of CMC and as possible alternative methods to replace expensive experimental laboratory measurements.
Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation versus surgery for low-risk solitary papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a propensity-matched cohort study
Authors: Ren Yujie , Li Yujiang , Chu Xiaoqiu , Chen Guofang , Han Xue , Zhao Yueting , Liu Chao , Wang Jianhua , Xu Shuhang 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effects of microwave ablation (MWA) versus surgery in treating low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with and without the BRAFV600E mutation.MethodsBetween August 2016 and September 2022, 158 patients diagnosed with low-risk PTMC treated with MWA and 288 patients who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed-up for over a year. Local tumor progression (LTP), RFS and adverse events associated with both treatments were monitored. Following propensity score matching (PSM), comparisons were made regarding LTP, RFS, complications and treatment variables.ResultsPrior to matching, MWA patients were younger than those in the surgery group (38 (30.75, 47) vs 43 (34, 50.75), P = 0.000). Tumors treated with MWA had smaller maximum diameters (5.7 (4.6, 7.0) vs 6.9 (5.8, 8.6), P = 0.000) and volumes (70.7 (35.2, 120.9) vs 122.0 (63.9, 228.8), P = 0.000). After 1:1 PSM, each group contained 141 patients with comparable baseline characteristics. During the follow-up, LTP developed in nine patients: six in the MWA group and three in the surgery group. There were no cases of distant metastasis or cancer-related deaths. Adjusting for age, sex, tumor location and largest diameter, there was no significant association between treatment modality and recurrence (HR = 3.75, 95% CI: 0.94–14.98, P = 0.062). There were no significant differences in RFS between patients with and without the BRAFV600E mutation in both groups (P = 0.45 and 0.74, respectively). Furthermore, the incidence of complications was comparable between treatments.ConclusionBoth MWA and surgical treatment offer similar efficacy and safety profiles for managing low-risk PTMC. MWA may represent a viable alternative to conventional surgical approaches, especially for patients harboring the BRAFV600E mutation.
Earthquake Fault Rupture Modeling and Ground-Motion Simulations for the Southwest Iceland Transform Zone Using CyberShake
Authors: Rojas Otilio , Monterrubio-Velasco Marisol , Rodríguez Juan E. , Callaghan Scott , Abril Claudia , Halldorsson Benedikt , Kowsari Milad , Bayat Farnaz , Olsen Kim B. , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , de la Puente Josep 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
CyberShake is a high-performance computing workflow for kinematic fault-rupture and earthquake ground-motion simulation developed by the Statewide California Earthquake Center to facilitate physics-based probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). CyberShake exploits seismic reciprocity for wave propagation by computing strain green tensors along fault planes, which in turn are convolved with rupture models to generate surface seismograms. Combined with a faultwide hypocentral variation of each simulated rupture, this procedure allows for generating ground-motion synthetics that account for realistic source variability. This study validates the platform’s kinematic modeling of physics-based seismic wave propagation simulations in Southwest Iceland as the first step toward migrating CyberShake from its original study region in California. Specifically, we have implemented CyberShake workflows to model 2103 fault ruptures and simulate the corresponding two horizontal components of ground-motion velocity on a 5 km grid of 625 stations in Southwest Iceland. A 500-yr-long earthquake rupture forecast consisting of 223 hypothetical finite-fault sources of Mw 5–7 was generated using a physics-based model of the bookshelf fault system of the Southwest Iceland transform zone. For each station, every reciprocal simulation uses 0–1 Hz Gaussian point sources polarized along two horizontal grid directions. Comparison of the results in the form of rotation-invariant synthetic pseudoacceleration spectral response values at 3, 4, and 5 s periods are in good agreement with the Icelandic strong motion data set and a suite of empirical Bayesian ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs). The vast majority of the physics-based simulations fall within one standard deviation of the mean GMPE predictions, previously estimated for the area. At large magnitudes for which no data exist in Iceland, the synthetic data set may play an important role in constraining GMPEs for future applications. Our results comprise the first step toward comprehensive and physics-based PSHA for Southwest Iceland.
Characterizing Directivity in Small (M 2.4–5) Aftershocks of the Ridgecrest Sequence
Authors: Chu Shanna , Baltay Annemarie , Abercrombie Rachel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Directivity, or the focusing of energy along the direction of an earthquake rupture, is a common property of earthquakes of all sizes and can cause increased hazard due to azimuthally dependent ground-motion amplification. For small earthquakes, the effects of directivity are generally less pronounced due to reduced rupture size, yet the directivity in small events can bias source property estimates and provide important insights into general regional faulting patterns. However, due to observational limitations, directivity is usually only measured and modeled for large events. As such, many studies of small earthquakes either ignore directivity altogether or assume a constant rupture direction for all events in a cluster. In our study, we apply a refined directivity fitting method constrained with two separate methods of source deconvolution to the dataset of aftershocks of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes, which contain a large number of well-recorded small-to-mid sized earthquakes occurring in close proximity to each other. The revealed directivity of 100+ small (M 2.4–5) earthquakes is highly heterogeneous and primarily oblique to and away from the main fault strike, suggesting a complex postseismic stress redistribution. In addition, the energy focusing effect of directivity appears to bias the selection of high-quality data from stations in the direction of rupture, leading to average stress-drop increases of 50% if directivity is not accounted for.
Evaluation and Isolation of Mungbean Yellow Mosai Virus Resistant Mutants in M4 and M5 Mutant Generations of Blackgram (Vigna mungo)
Authors: Bharathi A. , Pandiyan M. , Selvaraj K.S. Vijai , Sivakumar P. , Sasikala K. 
Published: December 2024

Background: The pulse known as “Blackgram” is a significant component of the Indian diet since it provides vegetable protein and balances the diet centered on cereals. Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) outbreaks on a regular basis completely destroy crops, causing farmers to suffer enormous losses. Mutation breeding can be an effective strategy for developing crops with desirable traits, such as high yield and resistance to diseases like the Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) in blackgram. Methods: This experiment was laid out to study the variability pattern of mutant population in M4 and M5 generation of blackgram variety CO 6 treated with the Gamma rays at 200 Gy, 300 Gy and 400Gy and isolation of viable mutants for Mungbean Yellow Mosaic virus resistance. Significant variability was observed among the different treatments in M4 generation and twenty MYMV resistant mutants ((PKT-BG-200Gy-P07; PKT-BG-200Gy-P24; PKT-BG-200Gy-P29; PKT-BG-200Gy-P35; PKT-BG-200Gy-P36; PKT-BG-200Gy-P45; PKT-BG-300Gy-P13; PKT-BG-300Gy-P16; PKT-BG-300Gy-P28; PKT-BG-300Gy-P33; PKT-BG-300Gy-P41; PKT-BG-300Gy-P4; PKT-BG-300Gy-P43; PKT-BG-300Gy-P76; PKT-BG-300Gy-P81; PKT-BG-300Gy-P88; PKT-BG-300Gy-P93; PKT-BG-400Gy-P15; PKT-BG-400Gy-P21; PKT-BG-400Gy-P23) were selected and evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications under natural conditions. Scoring was done by the modified scale of All India Coordinated Research Project on MuLLaRP. Result: Incidence ranged from scale 0.01 (PKT-BG-300Gy-P41and PKT-BG-300Gy-P42) to 5.30 (PKT-BG-300Gy-P28). The mutants PKT-BG-300Gy-P41 and PKT-BG-300Gy-P42 recorded with maximum yield of 1500 kg/ha and 1445kg/ha were found to be observed as high yielding and MYMV resistant lines for summer season in the Cauvery delta region.
HOMO DEUS
Authors: Azizah Nur , Habibi Jauharul , Maria Galuh , Shuhada Muhammad Aula Rahmad 
Published: December 2024

This article discusses Islam and homo deus as a new agenda for humanity’s future. This article tries to explain the reading of homo deus and the problems of humanity in the future. Likewise, regarding the issue of immortality and human happiness in the future from an Islamic perspective. This article tries to analyze the problem using the library research model in carrying out an analysis of the main problem. Humans to fight death and the problems that humans expect in the future to maintain eternity feel like a god who will live eternally in the world. It is not only immortality in the world that modern humans will achieve, but how humans live in the world and gain happiness. True happiness is difficult for humans to obtain, even though humans use the discoveries of modern science. Humans will truly find happiness if they believe in and draw closer to God. The happiness that modern humans feel is only temporary pseudo-happiness. The immortality that modern humans desire is not directly proportional to happiness. This can be seen from the large number of people dying by suicide in various countries, the majority of which are advanced, and technology is developing rapidly, but it still cannot help their spiritual problems. Modern humans think that everything can be solved with the modern science they have discovered, even though there is God’s intervention in life in this world.
Numerical Simulation of Reactive Flow in Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Reservoirs Considering Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Coupling Effects
Authors: Huang Zhao-Qin , Liu Kang , Cui Shi-Zhang , Yao Jun , Wu Yu-Shu , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Jia Cunqi 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs are critically important, contributing significantly to hydrocarbon reserves and production. The presence of fractures and vugs distinctly influences fluid flow and transport within carbonate rocks, differentiating fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs from most other geological formations. Apart from matrix carbonate rocks, isolated fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs are still the targets for acid stimulation due to the limited contribution of isolated fractures and vugs to fluid flow capacities. This study is motivated to investigate the acid stimulation process in isolated fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs. In this work, the classical two-scale continuum model has been extended to describe the transport and reactive dissolution processes within complex media comprising matrix, fractures, and vugs. The discrete fracture model and the Navier-Stokes equation are used to respectively characterize fluid transport in the fractures and vugs regions. Fluid interactions between different regions are governed by the extended Beavers-Joseph-Saffman (BJS) interface conditions. Dynamic boundary conditions are applied to describe the dissolution and deformation behaviors at the boundaries of vugs. In addition, Biot equations are utilized to specifically examine the mechanical responses within the poroelastic region during the acid stimulation process. A finite element model has been developed, incorporating an effective loosely coupled sequential iterative scheme for the numerical discretization and solution of the coupled hydrological-mechanical-chemical control equations. The simulation results show that the presence of fractures and vugs in carbonate formations does not perturb the equilibrium conditions necessary for wormhole formation, thereby preserving the dissolution patterns associated with a specific acid injection rate. Nevertheless, mechanical stress shows a significant influence on fracture closure behavior. The stress-induced alteration in the acid flow and dissolution structures necessitates an increased pore volume to breakthrough (PVBT) to attain comparable dissolution effects. The increment in acid breakthrough volume finally escalates both the operational costs and complexity.
TIG Double-Electrode Welding: Insights into Electrical and Geometric Parameter Effects on Process Stability and Seam Quality
Authors: Schilling Paul , Synnatzschke Pablo , Ungethüm Tim , Schmale Hans Christian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the Tungsten Inert Gas Double-Electrode (TIG-DE) welding process. The motivation for developing the TIG-DE process lies in its potential to significantly enhance productivity and versatility, especially for additive manufacturing applications. The focus is on the interaction between electrical parameters and geometric configurations to analyze the seam outcome. It is observed that increasing current and voltage broaden weld seams, with an elliptical penetration profile that reorients significantly at higher currents. Larger electrode angles, such as 50°, produced wider weld seams, enhancing base material fusion and overall weld robustness. Optimal electrode spacing proved crucial for arc stability and molten pool control. Tight electrode spacing results in lower arc pressures and a slightly elliptical arc shape, significantly lower compared to a single electrode process with the same total current. Larger spacings lead to arc separation and multiple arc pressure maxima. High welding speeds introduce instability, causing the arc to detach from the melt pool, a phenomenon exacerbated by directional dependencies in voltage profiles. The combined effects of torch inclination angle, electrode spacing, and arc length are visualized in welding range diagrams, which depict stable and unstable parameter ranges, arc separation conditions, and scenarios of insufficient energy input. These findings highlight the need for ongoing research and pave the way for developing advanced demonstrators to refine the TIG-DE welding process, particularly for additive manufacturing applications.