bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Bedeutung der Leistungserwartung von Lehrpersonen für die Mathematikleistungen von Schülerinnen und Schülern
Authors: Hollenstein Lena , Affolter Benita , Brühwiler Christian 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungSchulische Leistungen werden durch zahlreiche Determinanten beeinflusst. Neben kognitiven und familiären Faktoren auf Seiten der Schülerinnen und Schüler spielt die Lehrperson eine maßgebliche Rolle für den Schulerfolg. In diesem Beitrag wird die Relevanz der Leistungserwartung von Lehrpersonen auf die schulische Leistung geprüft. Dabei werden individuelle Schülerinnen- und Schülermerkmale (soziale Herkunft, Vorwissen) sowie das Professionswissen von Lehrpersonen kontrolliert. Im Rahmen einer vom Schweizerischen Nationalfonds unterstützten Längsschnittstudie wurden Daten von 28 Primarlehrpersonen und 509 Schülerinnen und Schülern erhoben. Die Ergebnisse weisen auch unter Kontrolle des Professionswissens einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen der Leistungserwartung von Lehrpersonen und der Mathematikleistung von Schülerinnen und Schülern nach. Nach Berücksichtigung der Leistungserwartung von Lehrpersonen reduziert sich der Zusammenhang der sozialen Herkunft mit der Schülerinnen- und Schülerleistung. Diese Befunde bestätigen die Bedeutung der Leistungserwartung von Lehrpersonen für schulische Lernprozesse und werden vor allem unter dem Aspekt der Chancengerechtigkeit diskutiert.
Maesa camptobotrys (Primulaceae) is Sabia pauciflora (Sabiaceae), not Discocalyx (Primulaceae)
Authors: Utteridge Timothy M. A. 
Published: September 2019

Summary
The type specimen of Maesa camptobotrys is re-examined and morphology and characters are discussed. The specimen is a member of the genus Sabia (Sabiaceae) rather than the genus Discocalyx (Primulaceae) into which it was transferred; the name is formally placed as a synonym of Sabia pauciflora.
New insights into Neolithic milk consumption through proteomic analysis of dental calculus
Authors: Charlton Sophy , Ramsøe Abigail , Collins Matthew , Craig Oliver E. , Fischer Roman , Alexander Michelle , Speller Camilla F. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There has long been debate over the origins of dairy consumption within European populations. Whilst it was previously assumed that lactase persistence (LP) was under positive selection following the advent of agriculture, recent genetic studies of prehistoric human remains have revealed LP may have only emerged in Europe in the last 4000 years. These findings stand in contrast to organic residue analysis of Neolithic pottery indicating the utilisation of dairy products, and zooarchaeological mortality profiles consistent with dairying herds at Neolithic sites. The recent discovery of the milk protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) within human dental calculus presents a new method via which to explore dairy product consumption in the archaeological past. Here, we apply shotgun proteomic analysis to dental calculus samples from three British Neolithic sites, revealing the earliest identification of BLG in human dental calculus to date. The presence of BLG peptides in individuals who are unlikely to possess LP provides new insight into dairying in the British Neolithic, suggesting the potential processing of milk by Neolithic populations to reduce the lactose content of dairy products.
A Field-scale Overview of Facies Architectures and Depositional Environment Integrating Core and Geophysical Log Data: Study from a Marginal Gondwana Basin, India
Authors: Sen Souvik , Dey Joyjit 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Karanpura field is the western most member of the E-W trending Damodar Valley basin, belonging to Indian Gondwana sedimentation. This paper aims to provide a field-scale depositional model of Permian Barakar Formation from Karanpura field in order to enlarge the knowledge of stratigraphic and facies architecture. The study reviews the findings from extensively available cores. Four major facies were defined, which represented a fluvial depositional environment. Observations from core analyses were integrated with high resolution geophysical log data to understand the stacking pattern and depositional cyclicity of Barakar Formation. The lateral and vertical distributions of the facies associations were highlighted by well correlations, which established major fining upwards depositional cycles in the area. The depositional model has been interpreted on a regional scale.
First Report on Platinum Occurrence in Ultramafic-Mafic Complex, East-Central Karbi Hills of Assam, North East India
Authors: Majumdar Dilip , Gogoi Abhijit 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The results of SEM-EDS and XRD, indicating the presence of PGE in stratified vanadium bearing magnetite-ilmenite ore, hosted by layered ultramafic-mafic complex in a part of east-central Karbi Anglong district, Assam (NE India) are reported here. The initial XRD data indicate presence of PGE minerals like braggite, laurite and cooperite; the SEM-EDS indicate variable wt. % of PGE and rare metals like 11.58% Re and gold. The highest weight % value is 19.55 Pt; 13.83 Ir; 7.36 Os; 0.95 Pd and 0.45 Ru. Plume model has been cited as the key factor causing high partial melting of the upper mantle in back arc rift environment, producing platinum rich but sulphur poor magma, subsequently acquiring sulphur from pelites of Shillong Group, thereby, gaining PGE.
Detection of Old Mine Workings over a Part of Jharia Coal Field, India using Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Authors: Bharti Abhay Kumar , Pal S.K. , Saurabh  , Kumar Sarvesh , Mondal Subhendu , Singh K.K. K. , Singh P.K. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Old mine workings, mainly hidden galleries, goafs, shafts etc may pose a great threat to the local environment and also for future mine development. The present study mainly deals with delineation and mapping of old mine workings over Tikmani-Gareriya section, a part of east Basuria colliery, Jharia coal field, India using state-of-the-art 64 electrodes and 61 channel FlashRES-Universal electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). ERT data have been acquired along a line at 5m electrode spacing covering total profile length of 315m using Wenner, Schlumberger, Gradient and Dipole-Dipole arrays over a known old mine working. Further joint inversion of all combined arrays has also been carried out using 2.5D resistivity inversion program to combine the relative advantage of all arrays for producing superior results. The acquired data have been analysed using four different thresholds for all arrays with quality factors 15, 10, 5, and 1; each with 60mA current. 2D inverse resistivity models generated using Joint inversion of all combined arrays with quality factor 5 provides best result for delineation of coal pillars, galleries and goafs followed by Gradient, Schlumberger, Dipole-Dipole and Wenner arrays with same quality factor. Coal pillars have been identified with relatively high resistivity anomaly whereas galleries and goaf have been delineated with relatively low resistivity anomaly. The estimated range of resistivity variation of coal pillars have been well corroborated with published results. The results prove the efficacy of the ERT technique for detection of old mine workings.
Microzonation of Seismic Hazard for the State of Haryana, India
Authors: Puri Nitish , Jain Ashwani 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Seismic hazard analysis has been carried out for the state of Haryana using probabilistic approach. An area with a radius of about 300 km around Haryana, between 25° to 33° N latitude and 72° to 81° E longitude, has been considered as seismic study region for the evaluation seismic hazard. The potential seismic hazard of the state is controlled by three different tectonic regimes, Himalayan frontal thrust, Aravalli-Delhi fold belt and Sargodha-Lahore-Delhi ridge. An earthquake catalogue has been developed based on the data from both historic and instrumental periods. The final catalogue has 942 events after it has been homogenized, examined to remove duplicate events, declustered and checked for completeness. The active tectonic features of the study region have been identified by superimposing epicenters of earthquakes on the tectonic map. There are 39 active tectonic features in the study region and 13 features have been identified as potential seismogenic sources. Maximum magnitude potential of the seismogenic sources has been calculated using various methods based on total fault length, sub-surface rupture length and maximum observed magnitude. Seismicity parameters have also been obtained in order to calculate return period corresponding to expected earthquake magnitude. Considering a grid size of 0.1° × 0.1°, hazard maps have been developed for expected PGA and Sa for return periods of 475 years, 2475 years and 4975 years with 10%, 2% and 1% probability of exceedance respectively in 50 years. It has been observed that the PGA values for the north and northeastern parts of the state range from 0.1g - 0.35g and for rest of the areas to be ≤ 0.1g for 10% probability of exceedance in a time frame of 50 years. The PGA map developed for Haryana for the return period of 475 years has been modified for site class D using the amplification factors specified in NEHRP provisions. The PGA value ranging from 0.074g to 0.376g has been observed. The results obtained in the study have been compared with the specifications given in Indian standard code of practice.
Detection of Zika virus in paired urine and amniotic fluid samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic women and their babies during a disease outbreak: association with neurological symptoms in newborns
Authors: Vedovello Danila , Witkin Steven S. , Silva Andrea Cristina Botelho , Fajardo Thamirys Cosmo Gillo , Mello Alexandra Siqueira , Bertozzi Ana Paula Antunes Pascalicchio , da Silva Alify Bertoldo , Filho Nemésio Florence Vieira , Rodrigues Maria Manoela Duarte , Gazeta Rosa Estela , Moron Antônio Fernandes , Sarmento Stéphanno Gomes Pereira , Soriano-Arandes Antonio , Passos Saulo Duarte 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Paired maternal and newborn urine and amniotic fluid from 138 subjects collected during a Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak was analyzed for ZIKV by gene amplification (RT-qPCR), and the findings were correlated with clinical symptoms and neurological anomalies in the babies. ZIKV was detected in 1 of 9 symptomatic women (11.1%) and in 19 of 129 asymptomatic women (14.7%). Neurological manifestations were present in 19 babies (13.7%), 10 of 20 (50%) positive and 9 of 119 (7.6%) negative (p < 0.001) for ZIKV. Twelve (8.6%) urines collected during gestation were ZIKV-positive; only 2 remained positive for ZIKV postpartum. Six (4.1%) newborn urines collected within 1 day of delivery were ZIKV-positive cases. In 3 of these cases, ZIKV was detected in mother’s urine pre- and postpartum and in both mother’s urine and babies’ urine. Four of the amniotic fluid samples (2.9%) were ZIKV-positive. Among ZIKV-negative babies with neurological sequel, 87.5% were female; in contrast, 72.7% ZIKV-positive babies with neurological abnormalities were male (p = 0.019). We conclude that during a ZIKV outbreak, clinical symptoms and ZIKV detection in biological fluids are poor predictors of infection and adverse neurologic sequel in newborns.
The Effects of Adolescent Childbearing on Literacy and Numeracy in Bangladesh, Malawi, and Zambia
Authors: Psaki Stephanie R. , Soler-Hampejsek Erica , Saha Jyotirmoy , Mensch Barbara S. , Amin Sajeda 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlobal investments in girls’ education have been motivated, in part, by an expectation that more-educated women will have smaller and healthier families. However, in many low- and middle-income countries, the timing of school dropout and first birth coincide, resulting in a rapid transition from the role of student to the role of mother for adolescent girls. Despite growing interest in the effects of pregnancy on levels of school dropout, researchers have largely overlooked the potential effect of adolescent childbearing on literacy and numeracy. We hypothesize that becoming a mother soon after leaving school may cause the deterioration of skills gained in school. Using longitudinal data from Bangladesh, Malawi, and Zambia, we test our hypothesis by estimating fixed-effects linear regression models to address the endogeneity in the relationship between childbearing and academic skills. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effects of adolescent childbearing on academic skills in low- and middle-income countries. Our results indicate that among those with low levels of grade attainment, first birth has a negative effect on English literacy and numeracy. Among those with higher levels of grade attainment, we find little evidence of effects of childbearing on academic skills. Childbearing also has little effect on local language literacy. Beyond the immediate loss of English literacy and numeracy, if these skills lead to better health and more economic productivity, then adolescent childbearing may have longer-term repercussions than previously understood. In addition to ongoing efforts to increase educational attainment and school quality in low- and middle-income countries, investments are needed to strengthen the academic skills of adolescent mothers to secure the demographic and economic promise of expanded education for girls and women.
Are labor unions important for business cycle fluctuations? Lessons from Bulgaria
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the quantitative importance of collective bargaining agreements for the observed fluctuations in Bulgarian labor markets. Following Maffezzoli (Rev Econ Dyn 4:860–892, 2001), we introduce a monopoly union into a real-business-cycle model with government sector. We calibrate the model to Bulgarian data for the period following the introduction of the currency board arrangement (1999–2018), and compare and contrast it to a model without unions. We find that the sequential bargaining procedure between the monopoly union and the stand-in firm produces an important internal propagation mechanism within the theoretical setup, which allows the monopoly model to fit data better than the alternative framework with perfectly-competitive labor markets.
A Remote Subgrade Settlement Monitoring System Based on Optical Method
Authors: Xu Jianye , Li Xin , Yang Jing , Gao Yan , Wu Sijin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Monitoring of subgrade settlement in railway and highway helps to maintain traffic safety and reduce infrastructure losses. When an excess subgrade settlement is detected, maintenances of the unqualified subgrade will be processed in time, and early warning of constructions will be processed to prevent the occurrence of safety accident. In this article, a noncontact, real-time, and unattended system based on optical method is introduced to monitor the subgrade settlement remotely. Several high-power infrared LED targets are mounted on the subgrade and they will move as the subgrade subsides. The movements of the LED targets are detected by an optical detection device based on the principle of optical imaging. The displacement data is remotely transmitted to a server for analysis via GPRS. The remote monitoring system has been applied to the monitoring of subgrade settlement of Zhensheng highway in Guizhou province of China in 2014. This technology helped to detect the subgrade settlement that was caused by the construction of Beiyinpo railway tunnel. Four test points on road surface were monitored at a sampling rate every 20 minutes. The effectiveness of the system has been verified by the practical application.
Mapping Entity Sets in News Archives Across Time
Authors: Duan Yijun , Jatowt Adam , Bhowmick Sourav S. , Yoshikawa Masatoshi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We propose a novel way of utilizing and accessing information stored in news archives as well as a new style of investigating the history. Our idea is to automatically generate similar entity pairs given two sets of entities, one from the past and one representing the present. This allows performing entity-oriented mapping between different times. We introduce an effective method to solve the aforementioned task based on a concise integer linear programming framework. In particular, our model first conducts typicality analysis to estimate entity representativeness. It next constructs orthogonal transformation between the two entity collections. The result is a set of typical across-time comparables. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the New York Times dataset through both qualitative and quantitative tests.
Northern Asian Pliocene–Pleistocene beremendiin shrews (Mammalia, Lipotyphla, Soricidae): a description of material from Russia (Siberia), Kazakhstan, and Mongolia and the paleobiology of Beremendia
Authors: Zazhigin Vladimir S. , Voyta Leonid L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBeremendiini is an extinct group of soricine shrews that were widely distributed during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Their occurrence in China has been investigated, but their presence in northern Asian regions has remained poorly studied. This paper analyzes 56 fossil remains of Beremendiini collected from 16 early Pliocene to early Pleistocene localities in Russia (Siberia), Kazakhstan, and Mongolia and shows the presence of two beremendiin species:Beremendia fissidens(Petényi, 1864) andBeremendia minorRzebik-Kowalska, 1976. Northern AsianBeremendiaconsiderably vary in size and qualitative characteristics, although most of the different states have been identified in European or Chinese specimens. Through the application of geometric morphometric techniques, mandibular shape analyses reveal similarities between the members of the beremendiin generaPeisorexKowalski and Li, 1963,BeremendiaKormos, 1934, andLunanosorexJin and Kawamura, 1996. Shape analyses and comparisons of mandibular characteristics reveal ‘trophic’ analogies betweenBeremendiaandBlarinaspp. and a new model of ‘Mandible Swinging and Sliding’ (MSS-model) accounting for the similarities in mandibular morphology with implications for the understanding of the diet ofBeremendia.UUID:http://zoobank.org/ef92ee1a-3977-44b2-86d7-381665bcf78b
RANDOMNESS NOTIONS AND REVERSE MATHEMATICS
Authors: NIES ANDRÉ , SHAFER PAUL 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe investigate the strength of a randomness notion${\cal R}$as a set-existence principle in second-order arithmetic: for eachZthere is anXthat is${\cal R}$-random relative toZ. We show that the equivalence between 2-randomness and being infinitely oftenC-incompressible is provable in$RC{A_0}$. We verify that$RC{A_0}$proves the basic implications among randomness notions: 2-random$\Rightarrow$weakly 2-random$\Rightarrow$Martin-Löf random$\Rightarrow$computably random$\Rightarrow$Schnorr random. Also, over$RC{A_0}$the existence of computable randoms is equivalent to the existence of Schnorr randoms. We show that the existence of balanced randoms is equivalent to the existence of Martin-Löf randoms, and we describe a sense in which this result is nearly optimal.
Seismic imaging evidence that forearc underplating built the accretionary rock record of coastal North and South America
Authors: Scholl David W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe submerged forearcs of Pacific subduction zones of North and South America are underlain by a coastally exposed basement of late Palaeozoic to early Tertiary age. Basement is either an igneous massif of an accreted intra-oceanic arc or oceanic plateau (e.g. Cascadia(?), Colombia), an in situ formed arc massif (e.g. Aleutian Arc) or an exhumed accretionary complex of low and high P/T metamorphic facies of late Palaeozoic (e.g. southern Chile, Patagonia) and Mesozoic age (e.g. Alaska). Seismic studies at Pacific forearcs image frontal prisms of trench sediment accreted to the seaward edge of forearc basement. Frontal prisms tend to be narrow (10–40 km), weakly consolidated and volumetrically small (∼35–40 km3/km of trench). In contrast, deep seismic imaging of submerged forearcs commonly reveals large volumes (∼2000 km3/km of trench) of underplated material accreted at subsurface depths of ∼10–30 km to the base of forearc basement. Underplates have been imaged below the southern Chile, Ecuador–Colombia, north Cascade, Alaska, and possibly the eastern Aleutian forearcs. Deep underplates have also been observed below the Japan and New Zealand forearcs. Seismic imaging of northern and eastern Pacific forearcs supports the conclusion drawn from field and laboratory studies that exposed low and high P/T accretionary complexes accumulated in the subsurface at depths of 10–30 km. It seems significant that imaged underplated bodies are characteristic of modern well-sedimented subduction zones. It also seems likely that large Pacific-rim underplates store a significant fraction of sediment subducted in Cenozoic time.
New evidence on the impact of the quality of prenatal care on neonatal and infant mortality in India
Authors: Upadhyay Ashish Kumar , Singh Abhishek , Srivastava Swati 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEvidence on the impact of the quality of prenatal care on childhood mortality is limited in developing countries, including India. Therefore, using nationally representative data from the latest round of the National Family Health Survey (2015–16), this study examined the impact of the quality of prenatal care on neonatal and infant mortality in India using a multivariable binary logistic regression model. The effect of the essential components of prenatal care services on neonatal and infant mortality were also investigated. The results indicate that improvement in the quality of prenatal care is associated with a decrease in neonatal (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91–0.97) and infant (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92–0.96) mortality in India. Tetanus toxoid vaccination, consumption of iron–folic acid tablets during pregnancy and having been weighed during pregnancy were statistically associated with a lower risk of neonatal and infant mortality. Educating women on pregnancy complications was also associated with a lower risk of neonatal mortality. No effect of blood pressure examination, blood test and examination of the abdomen during pregnancy were found on either of the two indicators of childhood mortality. Although the coverage of prenatal care has increased dramatically in India, the quality of prenatal care is still an area of concern. There is therefore a need to ensure high-quality prenatal care in India.