bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did the Rabbis Believe in Agreus Pan? Rabbinic Relationships with Roman Power, Culture, and Religion inGenesis Rabbah63
Authors: Simon-Shoshan Moshe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article presents a reading of the story of the Patriarch's meeting with the Emperor Diocletian as it appears in the late antique midrashic compilation,Genesis Rabbah. The story encapsulates the complexity of the relationship between the rabbis and Roman political, cultural and religious hegemony, showing the rabbis as both in eternal conflict with the Roman Empire and its culture and, yet, in many ways, very Roman themselves. In the second half of the article, I argue that this story presents a unique perspective on rabbinic views of both “demons” and the Olympian gods themselves. I conclude by comparing and contrasting these views with the approaches of early Christian thinkers.
The Freedman's Story: an Accusation of Witchcraft in the Social World of Early Imperial Roman Italy (CIL11.4639 =ILS3001)
Authors: Macrae Duncan E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article proposes a new reading of a late first-centuryc.e.inscribed dedication from Todi (Umbria) as an accusation of witchcraft, a rhetorical text aimed at propagating a particular story among the local community. Historical and anthropological studies of witchcraft accusations in other societies have emphasised how they can reveal tensions and anxieties that are normally not visible to the observer. By drawing on these studies and close examination of the language and content of the inscription, this article analyses an historical agent's experience of the social structure of early imperial Italy. The accusation is read as a freedman's response to his ambiguous position in a slave society, the ambivalent power of writing in Roman culture and the religious claims of Flavian imperial discourse.
Opera Scenes in Video Games: Hitmen, Divas and Wagner’s Werewolves
Authors: Summers Tim 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article aims to illuminate the meanings and aesthetic effects generated by scenes of staged opera in video games. It also explores the images of opera transmitted to the huge audiences that games address. Three dimensions of the opera-game encounter are discussed. First,ToscainHitman: Blood MoneyandThe Beggar’s OperainAssassin’s Creed IIIare used to examine the treatment of violence and the discourse of popular appeal in games and opera. Second, the arias sung by women inFinal Fantasy VIandParasite Eveillustrate how a melodramatic mode of expression represents a confluence of the aesthetic priorities of the two media. Finally,The Beast Within’s meditation on Wagner reveals how opera sequences aim to engage players by conjuring phantasmagorias through a unifying and enrapturing spectacle.
General practitioners’ perceptions of their role and their collaboration with district nurses in wound care
Authors: Friman Anne , Edström Desiree Wiegleb , Edelbring Samuel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo explore the perceptions of general practitioners (GPs) regarding their role and their collaboration with district nurses (DNs) in the management of leg ulcers in primary healthcare.BackgroundEarlier research regarding the treatment of leg ulcers in a primary care context has focussed primarily on wound healing. Less is known about GPs’ understandings of their role and their collaboration with DNs in the management of leg ulcers. Since the structured care of patients with leg ulcers involving both GP and DN is currently rather uncommon in Swedish primary care, this study sets out to highlight these aspects from the GP’s perspective.MethodsSemi-structured individual interviews with 16 GPs including both private and county council run healthcare centres. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.ResultsFour themes were identified. The first theme: ‘role as consultant and coordinator’ shows how the GPs perceived their role in wound care. In the second theme: ‘responsibility for diagnosis’ the GPs’ views on responsibility for wound diagnosis is presented. The third theme: ‘desire for continuity’ is based on the GPs’ desire for continuity concerning various aspects. In the fourth theme: ‘collaboration within the organisation’ the importance of the organisation for collaboration between GPs and DNs is presented.ConclusionsThe GP’s often work on a consultation-like basis and feel that they become involved late in the patients’ wound treatment. This can have negative consequences for the medical diagnosis and, thereby, lead to a prolonged healing time for the patient. Shortcomings regarding collaboration are mainly attributed to organisational factors.
Can Riparian Forest Buffers Increase Yields From Oil Palm Plantations?
Authors: Horton Alexander J. , Lazarus Eli D. , Hales Tristram C. , Constantine José Antonio , Bruford Michael W. , Goossens Benoît 
Published: July 2018

AbstractForests on tropical floodplains across Southeast Asia are being converted to oil palm plantations. Preserving natural riparian forest corridors along rivers that pass through oil palm plantations has clear benefits for ecological conservation, but these corridors (also called buffers) use land that is potentially economically valuable for agriculture. Here we examine how riparian forest buffers reduce floodplain land loss by slowing rates of riverbank erosion and lateral channel migration, thus providing the fundamentally geomorphic ecosystem service of erosion regulation. Using satellite imagery, assessments of oil palm plantation productivity, and a simplified numerical model of river channel migration, we estimate the economic value of the ecosystem service that riparian buffers provide by protecting adjacent plantation land from bank erosion. We find that cumulative economic losses from bank erosion are higher in the absence of a forest buffer than when a buffer is left intact. Our exploratory analysis suggests that retaining riparian forest buffers along tropical rivers can enhance the viability of floodplain plantations, particularly over time scales (approximately decades) commensurate with the lifetime of a typical oil palm plantation. Ecosystem services that stem directly from geomorphic processes could play a vital role in efforts to guide the long‐term environmental sustainability of tropical river systems. Accounting for landscape dynamics in projections of economic returns could help bring palm oil industry goals into closer alignment with environmental conservation efforts.
Decadal‐ to Centennial‐Scale East Asian Summer Monsoon Variability Over the Past Millennium: An Oceanic Perspective
Authors: Cheung Richard Ching Wa , Yasuhara Moriaki , Mamo Briony , Katsuki Kota , Seto Koji , Takata Hiroyuki , Yang Dong‐Yoon , Nakanishi Toshimichi , Yamada Katsura , Iwatani Hokuto 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is a key component of the Asian Monsoon system affecting regional precipitation in East Asia and thus human culture, society, and development. Despite this, decadal‐ to centennial‐scale EASM dynamics remain poorly understood over the last millennium. Here we used high‐resolution benthic microfossil proxies to reconstruct EASM variability for the last 1,000 years from a brackish lake in South Korea. We compared this EASM record with Asian Monsoon proxy records from East China (i.e., continental proxy) and East Asian coasts (i.e., oceanic setting), and identified four pervasive EASM strengthening events at 1250, 1450, 1550, and 1900 CE and their deviation, likely related to land‐ocean temperature gradients. Our results indicate that data from the oceanic setting under the direct influence of the Pacific High are important in understanding the EASM dynamics over the last millennium. It is also noteworthy that EASM variability shows striking similarity to changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, implying the causal relationship.
Ice in Micro Cold Traps on Mercury: Implications for Age and Origin
Authors: Rubanenko L. , Mazarico E. , Neumann G. A. , Paige D. A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEvidence in radar, reflectance, and visible imagery indicates that surface and subsurface water ice is present inside permanently shadowed regions in the north polar region of Mercury. The origin of this ice and the time at which it was delivered to the planet are both unknown. Finding the smallest, most easily eroded ice deposits on Mercury can help answer these questions. Here we present evidence for volatiles trapped in cold traps of scales ∼ 1–10 m. We consider two possible delivery methods for these deposits: a gradual, slow accumulation by micrometeorites or solar wind implantation and an episodic deposition, either primordial or by a recent comet impact. We conclude that the mechanism that best explains the presence of volatiles in these micro cold traps is a comet impact that most likely occurred in the last ∼ 100 Ma.
Quantifying Sediment Transport Dynamics on Alluvial Fans From Spatial and Temporal Changes in Grain Size, Death Valley, California
Authors: Brooke Sam A. S. , Whittaker Alexander C. , Armitage John J. , D'Arcy Mitch , Watkins Stephen E. 
Published: July 2018

How information about sediment transport processes is transmitted to the sedimentary record remains a complex problem for the interpretation of fluvial stratigraphy. Alluvial fan deposits represent the condensed archive of sediment transport, which is at least partly controlled by tectonics and climate. For three coupled catchment‐fan systems in northern Death Valley, California, we measure grain size across 12 well‐preserved Holocene and late‐Pleistocene surfaces, mapped in detail from field observations and remote sensing. Our results show that fan surfaces correlated to the late Pleistocene are, on average, 30–50% coarser than active or Holocene fan surfaces. We adopt a self‐similar form of grain size distribution based on the observed stability of the ratio between mean grain size and standard deviation downstream. Using statistical analysis, we show that fan surface grain size distributions are self‐similar. We derive a relative mobility function using our self‐similar grain size distributions, which describes the relative probability of a given grain size being transported. We show that the largest mobile grain sizes are between 20 and 35 mm, a value that varies over time and is clearly lower in the Holocene than in the Pleistocene; a change we suggest is due to a drier climate in the Holocene. These results support recent findings that alluvial fan sedimentology can record past environmental change and that these landscapes are potentially sensitive to climatic change over a glacial‐interglacial cycle. We demonstrate that the self‐similarity methodology offers a means to explore changes in relative mobility of grain sizes from preserved fluvial deposits.
Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Love Jeffrey J. , Lucas Greg M. , Kelbert Anna , Bedrosian Paul A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMaps of extreme value, horizontal component geoelectric field amplitude are constructed for the Pacific Northwest United States (and parts of neighboring Canada). Multidecade long geoelectric field time series are calculated by convolving Earth surface impedance tensors from 71 discrete magnetotelluric survey sites across the region with historical 1‐min (2‐min Nyquist) geomagnetic variation time series obtained from two nearby observatories. After fitting statistical models to 1‐min geoelectric amplitudes realized during magnetic storms, extrapolations are made to estimate threshold amplitudes that are only exceeded, on average, once per century. One hundred‐year geoelectric exceedance amplitudes range from 0.06 V/km at a survey site in western Washington State to 9.47 V/km at a site in southeast British Columbia; 100‐year geoelectric exceedance amplitudes equal 7.10 V/km at a site north of Seattle and 2.28 V/km at a site north of Portland. Systematic and random errors are estimated to be less than 20%, much less than site‐to‐site differences in geoelectric amplitude that arise from site‐to‐site differences in surface impedance. Maps of 100‐year exceedance amplitudes are compared with the peak geoelectric amplitudes realized during the March 1989 magnetic superstorm; it is noted that some storms of relatively modest intensity can generate localized geoelectric fields of relatively high amplitude. The geography of geoelectric hazard across the Pacific Northwest is closely related to known geologic and tectonic structures.
Deep sequencing and pathway-focused analysis revealed multigene oncodriver signatures predicting survival outcomes in advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: De Nicola Francesca , Goeman Frauke , Pallocca Matteo , Sperati Francesca , Pizzuti Laura , Melucci Elisa , Casini Beatrice , Amoreo Carla Azzurra , Gallo Enzo , Diodoro Maria Grazia , Buglioni Simonetta , Mazzotta Marco , Vici Patrizia , Sergi Domenico , Di Lauro Luigi , Barba Maddalena , Pescarmona Edoardo , Ciliberto Gennaro , De Maria Ruggero , Fanciulli Maurizio , Maugeri-Saccà Marcello 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGenomic technologies are reshaping the molecular landscape of colorectal cancer (CRC), revealing that oncogenic driver mutations (APC and TP53) coexist with still underappreciated genetic events. We hypothesized that mutational analysis of CRC-linked genes may provide novel information on the connection between genetically-deregulated pathways and clinical outcomes. We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 16 recurrently mutated genes in CRC exploiting tissue specimens from 98 advanced CRC patients. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to identify gene sets characterizing negative and positive outliers (patients in the lowest and highest quartile of progression-free survival, PFS). Variables potentially affecting PFS and overall survival (OS) were tested in univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Sensitivity analyses and resampling were used to assess the robustness of genomic predictors. MCA revealed that APC and TP53 mutations were close to the negative outlier group, whereas mutations in other WNT pathway genes were in proximity of the positive outliers. Reasoning that genetic alterations interact epistatically, producing greater or weaker consequences in combination than when individually considered, we tested whether patients whose tumors carried a genetic background characterized by APC and TP53 mutations without coexisting mutations in other WNT genes (AMER1, FBXW7, TCF7L2, CTNNB1, SOX9) had adverse survival outcomes. With this approach, we identified two oncodriver signatures (ODS1 and ODS2) associated with shorter PFS (ODS1 multivariate Cox for PFS: HR 2.16, 95%CI: 1.28–3.64, p = 0.004; ODS2 multivariate Cox for PFS: HR 2.61, 95%CI: 1.49–4.58, p = 0.001). Clinically-focused and molecularly-focused sensitivity analyses, resampling, and reclassification of mutations confirmed the stability of ODS1/2. Moreover, ODS1/2 negatively impacted OS. Collectively, our results point to co-occurring driver mutations as an adverse molecular factor in advanced CRC. This relationship depends on a broader genetic context highlighting the importance of genetic interactions.
Independent occurrence of de novo HSPD1 and HIP1 variants in brothers with different neurological disorders – leukodystrophy and autism
Authors: Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Yamamoto-Shimojima Keiko , Ueda Yuki , Imai Katsumi , Takahashi Yukitoshi , Imagawa Eri , Miyake Noriko , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConsecutive occurrence of de novo variants in the same family is an extremely rare phenomenon. Two siblings, a younger brother with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and an elder brother with severe intellectual disability and autistic features, had independent de novo variants ofHSPD1c.139T > G (p.Leu47Val) andHIP1c.1393G > A (p.Glu465Lys), respectively. These novel variants were predicted to be pathogenic. Both patients also had a knownMECP2variant, c.499C > T (p.Arg167Trp).
Direct observation of polymer surface mobility via nanoparticle vibrations
Authors: Kim Hojin , Cang Yu , Kang Eunsoo , Graczykowski Bartlomiej , Secchi Maria , Montagna Maurizio , Priestley Rodney D. , Furst Eric M. , Fytas George 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMeasuring polymer surface dynamics remains a formidable challenge of critical importance to applications ranging from pressure-sensitive adhesives to nanopatterning, where interfacial mobility is key to performance. Here, we introduce a methodology of Brillouin light spectroscopy to reveal polymer surface mobility via nanoparticle vibrations. By measuring the temperature-dependent vibrational modes of polystyrene nanoparticles, we identify the glass-transition temperature and calculate the elastic modulus of individual nanoparticles as a function of particle size and chemistry. Evidence of surface mobility is inferred from the first observation of a softening temperature, where the temperature dependence of the fundamental vibrational frequency of the nanoparticles reverses slope below the glass-transition temperature. Beyond the fundamental vibrational modes given by the shape and elasticity of the nanoparticles, another mode, termed the interaction-induced mode, was found to be related to the active particle–particle adhesion and dependent on the thermal behavior of nanoparticles.
Unperturbed expression bias of imprinted genes in schizophrenia
Authors: Gulyás-Kovács Attila , Keydar Ifat , Xia Eva , Fromer Menachem , Hoffman Gabriel , Ruderfer Douglas , Sachidanandam Ravi , Chess Andrew 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHow gene expression correlates with schizophrenia across individuals is beginning to be examined through analyses of RNA-seq from postmortem brains of individuals with disease and control brains. Here we focus on variation in allele-specific expression, following up on the CommonMind Consortium (CMC) RNA-seq experiments of nearly 600 human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) samples. Analyzing the extent of allelic expression bias—a hallmark of imprinting—we find that the number of imprinted human genes is consistent with lower estimates (≈0.5% of all genes), and thus contradicts much higher estimates. Moreover, the handful of putatively imprinted genes are all in close genomic proximity to known imprinted genes. Joint analysis of the imprinted genes across hundreds of individuals allowed us to establish how allelic bias depends on various factors. We find that age and genetic ancestry have gene-specific, differential effect on allelic bias. In contrast, allelic bias appears to be independent of schizophrenia.
Finite temperature quantum annealing solving exponentially small gap problem with non-monotonic success probability
Authors: Mishra Anurag , Albash Tameem , Lidar Daniel A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractClosed-system quantum annealing is expected to sometimes fail spectacularly in solving simple problems for which the gap becomes exponentially small in the problem size. Much less is known about whether this gap scaling also impedes open-system quantum annealing. Here, we study the performance of a quantum annealing processor in solving such a problem: a ferromagnetic chain with sectors of alternating coupling strength that is classically trivial but exhibits an exponentially decreasing gap in the sector size. The gap is several orders of magnitude smaller than the device temperature. Contrary to the closed-system expectation, the success probability rises for sufficiently large sector sizes. The success probability is strongly correlated with the number of thermally accessible excited states at the critical point. We demonstrate that this behavior is consistent with a quantum open-system description that is unrelated to thermal relaxation, and is instead dominated by the system’s properties at the critical point.
Soluble RANKL contributes to osteoclast formation in adult mice but not ovariectomy-induced bone loss
Authors: Xiong Jinhu , Cawley Keisha , Piemontese Marilina , Fujiwara Yuko , Zhao Haibo , Goellner Joseph J. , O’Brien Charles A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractReceptor activator of NFkB ligand (RANKL) is a TNF-family cytokine required for osteoclast formation, as well as immune cell and mammary gland development. It is produced as a membrane-bound protein that can be shed to form a soluble protein. We created mice harboring a sheddase-resistant form of RANKL, in which soluble RANKL is undetectable in the circulation. Lack of soluble RANKL does not affect bone mass or structure in growing mice but reduces osteoclast number and increases cancellous bone mass in adult mice. Nonetheless, the bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency is unaffected by the lack of soluble RANKL. Lymphocyte number, lymph node development, and mammary gland development are also unaffected by the absence of soluble RANKL. These results demonstrate that the membrane-bound form of RANKL is sufficient for most functions of this protein but that the soluble form does contribute to physiological bone remodeling in adult mice.
Suppression of atom motion and metal deposition in mixed ionic electronic conductors
Authors: Qiu Pengfei , Agne Matthias T. , Liu Yongying , Zhu Yaqin , Chen Hongyi , Mao Tao , Yang Jiong , Zhang Wenqing , Haile Sossina M. , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Janek Jürgen , Uher Ctirad , Shi Xun , Chen Lidong , Snyder G. Jeffrey 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMany superionic mixed ionic–electronic conductors with a liquid-like sublattice have been identified as high efficiency thermoelectric materials, but their applications are limited due to the possibility of decomposition when subjected to high electronic currents and large temperature gradients. Here, through systematically investigating electromigration in copper sulfide/selenide thermoelectric materials, we reveal the mechanism for atom migration and deposition based on a critical chemical potential difference. Then, a strategy for stable use is proposed: constructing a series of electronically conducting, but ion-blocking barriers to reset the chemical potential of such conductors to keep it below the threshold for decomposition, even if it is used with high electric currents and/or large temperature differences. This strategy not only opens the possibility of using such conductors in thermoelectric applications, but may also provide approaches to engineer perovskite photovoltaic materials and the experimental methods may be applicable to understanding dendrite growth in lithium ion batteries.
Higher activation barriers can lift exothermic rate restrictions in electron transfer and enable faster reactions
Authors: Mentel Kamila K. , Serra Arménio , Abreu Paulo E. , Arnaut Luis G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractElectron transfer reactions are arguably the simplest chemical reactions but they have not yet ceased to intrigue chemists. Charge-separation and charge-recombination reactions are at the core of life-sustaining processes, molecular electronics and solar cells. Intramolecular electron donor-acceptor systems capture the essential features of these reactions and enable their fundamental understanding. Here, we report intramolecular electron transfers covering a range of 100 kcal mol−1 in exothermicities that show an increase, then a decrease, and finally an increase in rates with the driving force of the reactions. Concomitantly, apparent activation energies change from positive, to negative and finally to positive. Reactions with positive activation energies are found to be faster than analogous reactions with negative effective activation energies. The increase of the reorganization energy with the driving force of the reactions can explain the peculiar free-energy relationship observed in this work.