bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excessive risk of second primary cancers in young‐onset colorectal cancer survivors
Authors: He Xingkang , Wu Wenrui , Ding Yu'e , Li Yue , Si Jianmin , Sun Leimin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWith an increasing trend of patients with young‐onset colorectal cancer (CRC), risks of second primary cancers (SPCs) among them become a concerning issue. We aimed to define the detailed risk and site‐distributed patterns of SPCs in young CRC individuals (age ≤50). A population‐based cohort were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 1973 and 2013. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and absolute excess risk (AER) were calculated to assess the risk for SPCs compared with the general population. A total of 44,106 patients, including 3245 (7.4%) the young and 40,861 (92.6%) the old, developed 50,679 secondary malignancies subsequently. With increased age, the risk of secondary cancers gradually decreased. A significant 44% excess risk of SPCs was observed in the young (SIR = 1.44, AER = 34.23), while a slightly increased risk was noted in the old (SIR = 1.02, AER = 4.29). For young survivors, the small intestine (SIR = 8.49), bile ducts (SIR = 3.77), corpus, and uterus (SIR = 2.45) were the most common sites of SPCs. Significantly, excess SIRs in the young were persisted regardless of other factors. For the young, secondary cancer‐related deaths were responsible for 51.2% of overall deaths and secondary stomach, liver and bile, pancreas cancers were top three causes. An excessive risk of SPCs existed in young CRC survivors, and this trend was consistent among different subgroups. We hope our findings may inform future targeted screening strategies among young‐onset CRC survivors.
Dual Maleimide Tagging for Relative and Absolute Quantitation of Cysteine‐Containing Peptides by MALDI‐TOF MS
Authors: Ouyang Fuzhong , Zhao Zhihao , Gao Ruifang , Shi Rui , Wu Enhui , Lv Rui , Xu Guoqiang , Liu Jian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA dual maleimide (DuMal) tagging method has been developed for both relative and absolute quantitation of cysteine‐containing peptides (CCPs) in combination with MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. A pair of maleimides with minimal differences in their chemical structures, N‐methylmaleimide and Nethylmaleimide, have been chosen to allow for the rapid (≈minutes) tagging of CCPs in the Michael addition reaction with high efficiency. It has been validated that the DuMal tagging technique is sensitive and reliable in the quantitative analysis of CCPs. Absolute quantitation of CCPs can be achieved with a detection limit as low as 7.3 nm. Relative quantitation of CCPs can be performed in various sample mixtures with consistent results (coefficient of variation <5 %). The DuMal tagging technique provides a sensitive and accurate approach for the quantitation of biomolecules containing thiol reactive sites; thus it is promising for protein detection, disease diagnosis, and biomarker discovery associated with post‐translational modifications of cysteines.
An RNA‐Cleaving Catalytic DNA Accelerated by Freezing
Authors: Yu Tianmeng , Zhou Wenhu , Liu Juewen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe EtNa DNAzyme was isolated during the isopropanol precipitation step of an in vitro selection effort. Although inactive with the intended cofactor, its RNA cleavage activity was observed under a few conditions. With Na+, EtNa was highly active in ∼50 % ethanol, whereas in water, it was highly active with Ca2+. In this work, we showed that the EtNa DNAzyme was accelerated by freezing in water in the presence of Na+. The apparent Kd value reached 6.2 mm Na+ under the frozen condition, over 20 times tighter than that in water at room temperature. With 10 mm Na+, EtNa had a cleavage rate of 0.12 h−1 after freezing at −20 °C. This effect was unique to EtNa, as all other tested DNAzymes were inhibited by freezing except for the Na+‐specific NaA43. Freezing also inhibited EtNa if Ca2+ was used. We attributed this to the concentrations of EtNa and Na+ in the micropockets between ice crystals, but divalent metals might misfold DNA. Overall, we have systematically studied the effect of freezing on the RNA‐cleavage activity of DNAzymes. The DNAzyme sequence and the metal ion species are both crucial to determine the effect of freezing.
Hyperbilirubinemia following lenalidomide administration
Authors: Azmy Veronica , Neparidze Natalia 
Published: March 2018

Key Clinical MessageAsymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia in a patient with no underlying liver disease or renal impairment while on lenalidomide therapy may be attributable to the unmasking of previously undiagnosed Gilbert's syndrome, as previously shown in the literature. The hyperbilirubinemia should resolve after discontinuation of the drug.
Synthesis of Oxazolidinones and Derivatives through Three‐Component Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Mei Congmin , Zhao Yibo , Chen Qianwei , Cao Changsheng , Pang Guangsheng , Shi Yanhui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn effective three‐component fixation of atmospheric CO2 with readily available 1,2‐dichloroethane and aromatic amine toward oxazolidinones catalyzed by in situ NHC was developed. The reaction occurred in good to excellent yields with good generality and wide functional group tolerance, including challenging steric hindered substituted‐dichloroethane (e.g. 1,2‐dichloropropane and 2,3‐dichlorobutane). The catalytic system is not sensitive to air and moisture, and high yield of oxazolidinone was achieved even with about 0.3 atm of pressure of carbon dioxide. The mechanistic study suggests that the reaction catalyze by in situ NHC via NHC‐CO2 adduct, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium‐2‐carboxylate as intermediate and aminochloride involves in reaction pathways. The catalyst can be recycled for at least 3 times without obvious loss of catalytic activity. The protocol is also effective to prepare six‐membered 3‐aryl‐1,3‐oxazinan‐2‐one and even seven‐membered 3‐aryl‐1,3‐oxazepan‐2‐one, when 1,3‐dichloropropane and 1,4‐dichlorobutane was employed.
Streptavidin–Enzyme Linked Aggregates for the One‐Step Assembly and Purification of Enzyme Cascades
Authors: Mallin Hendrik , Ward Thomas R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHerein, we report enzyme aggregates assembled around covalently cross‐linked streptavidin tetramers. The streptavidin oligomeric matrix (SavMatrix) is produced by using SpyTag/SpyCatch technology and binds tightly to fusion proteins bearing a streptavidin‐binding peptide (SBP). Fusing the SBPs to different enzymes leads to precipitation of the streptavidin–enzyme aggregates upon mixing the complementary components. This straightforward strategy can be applied to crude cell‐free extracts, allowing the one‐step assembly and purification of catalytically active aggregates. Enzyme cascade assemblies can be produced upon adding different SBP‐fused enzymes to the SavMatrix. The reaction rate for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is improved tenfold (compared with the soluble enzyme) upon precipitation with the SavMatrix from crude cell‐free extracts. Additionally, the kinetic parameters are improved. A cascade combining a transaminase with LDH for the synthesis of enantiopure amines from prochiral ketones displays nearly threefold rate enhancement for the synthesis of (R)‐α‐methylbenzylamine compared with the free enzymes in solution.
Bioinspired Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polyacrylonitrile‐Based Carbon Fibers/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposite for Flexible Supercapacitors with High Strength and Capacitance
Authors: Song Kun , Wang Xin , Wang Jun , Zhang Bin , Zuo Chunling 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFor the first time, zero‐dimensional (0D) CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, one‐dimensional (1D) polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers (PBCF), and two‐dimensional (2D) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets were used as building blocks to create an integrated ternary nanocomposite paper with a nacre‐like microstructure for flexible supercapacitors. Inspired by the “mortar‐brick” toughening mechanism of nacre, hydrogen and covalent bonding were further introduced into the bioinspired paper with 0D CoFe2O4, 1D PBCF, and 2D RGO to realize increased mechanical properties through the synergistic toughening effects of the interfacial interactions of hydrogen and covalent bonding. These collaboratively lead to enhanced mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, exceptional toughness, and eminent electrical conductivity. When used as a free‐standing flexible electrode, the bioinspired interconnected 3D network exhibits an outstanding volumetric capacity of 240 F ⋅ cm−3 at 10 mV ⋅ s−1 and an excellent cycle life of 2000 cycles for a flexible symmetric supercapacitor device (SSCD). Remarkably, the fabricated flexible SSCD can be cycled reversibly in the voltage range of −1 to 0 V and shows a maximum energy density of 33.33 mW ⋅ h cm−3, suggesting great potential for practical applications in flexible energy storage devices.
In situ Synthesis of V2O3‐Intercalated N‐doped Graphene Nanobelts from VOx‐Amine Hybrid as High‐Performance Anode Material for Alkali‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiabao , Li Qingwei , Liao Zhenhua , Wang Lei , Xu Juan , Ren Xiaochuan , Gao Biao , Chu Paul K. , Huo Kaifu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractV2O3 is a promising anode material for lithium‐ and sodium‐ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and natural abundance. However, the low conductivity, sluggish ion reaction kinetics, and large volume change limit the rate and cycling stability in batteries. In this work, the V2O3‐nanoparticles‐intercalated N‐doped graphene (V2O3/NG) hybrid is prepared by one‐step controlled pyrolysis of inorganic‐organic hybrid VOx/3‐phenylpropylamine nanobelts under Ar. The intercalated 3‐phenylpropylamine molecules are carbonized in situ into the NG layers and the sandwiched VOx layers are converted into 10–20 nm V2O3 nanoparticles. The V2O3/NG nanobelts possess well‐defined 0D‐in‐1D morphology and excellent electrochemical performance such as high reversible capacities of 435 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 over 250 cycles for Li‐ion storage and 154 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 over 500 cycles for Na‐ion storage. The well‐defined 0D‐in‐1D hybrid V2O3/NG structure with small V2O3 nanoparticles, interconnected nanochannels, and conductive NG layers offer abundant electrochemical active sites leading to fast Li+ and electron transport and excellent alkali‐ion storage.
Template‐Directed Synthesis of Titania Nanocages with Four Tetrahedrally Arranged Open Windows
Authors: Cheng Jiaji , Mallet Nicolas , Baaziz Walid , Ersen Ovidiu , Gombart Emilie , Alard Valérie , Majimel Jérôme , Delville Marie‐Hélène , Tréguer‐Delapierre Mona , Duguet Etienne 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOriginal titania nanocages are fabricated from sacrificial silica/polystyrene tetrapod‐like templates. Here the template synthesis, titania deposition and nanocage development through polystyrene dissolution and subsequent silica etching are described. Discussion about the competitive deposition of titania on the biphasic templates is particularly emphasized. The morphology of the nanocages is investigated by TEM, STEM, EDX mapping and electron tomography.
PSYCHE Pure Shift NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Foroozandeh Mohammadali , Morris Gareth A. , Nilsson Mathias 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBroadband homodecoupling techniques in NMR, also known as “pure shift” methods, aim to enhance spectral resolution by suppressing the effects of homonuclear coupling interactions to turn multiplet signals into singlets. Such techniques typically work by selecting a subset of “active” nuclear spins to observe, and selectively inverting the remaining, “passive”, spins to reverse the effects of coupling. Pure Shift Yielded by Chirp Excitation (PSYCHE) is one such method; it is relatively recent, but has already been successfully implemented in a range of different NMR experiments. Paradoxically, PSYCHE is one of the trickiest of pure shift NMR techniques to understand but one of the easiest to use. Here we offer some insights into theoretical and practical aspects of the method, and into the effects and importance of the experimental parameters. Some recent improvements that enhance the spectral purity of PSYCHE spectra will be presented, and some experimental frameworks, including examples in 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, for the implementation of PSYCHE will be introduced.
Photo‐catalytic degradation of formaldehyde using nitrogen‐doped TiO2 nano‐photocatalyst: Statistical design with response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Mirzaei Maryam , Sabbaghi Samad , Zerafat Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFormaldehyde is considered as a common pollutant in industrial wastewaters requiring removal techniques designed to reduce its harmful effects due to distribution in the environment. In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles are modified through nitrogen doping by sol‐gel technique and their photo‐catalytic performance for formaldehyde degradation is studied under UV and solar irradiation. Various characterization techniques such as: PSA, FTIR, XRD, and SEM are performed on the synthesized nano‐photocatalyst with a ∼20 nm average size. The significance of parameters such as initial formaldehyde concentration, catalyst molar ratio N/Ti, pH, and removal time under UV and solar radiation are assessed using response surface methodology based on central composite design. Formaldehyde removal was measured as a function of irradiation time using UV‐Visible spectrophotometry. The results show that the maximum formaldehyde removal at optimal conditions (pH = 5 for 400 ppm initial formaldehyde concentration) by nitrogen‐doped TiO2 is 64.02 % under solar and 60.15 % under UV radiation suggesting it as an effective photo‐catalyst for formaldehyde removal.
Evaluation of degradation and kinetics parameters of acid orange 7 through wet air oxidation process
Authors: Minière Marine , Boutin Olivier , Soric Audrey 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAmong the industrial effluents presenting constraints to traditional biological treatments, those from textile industries are of particular concern. Wet air oxidation is an effective process that significantly increases biodegradability of the treated effluent. In this study, the advantage of this process was tested for the treatment of acid orange 7, a dye molecule used as a model textile effluent. Different experimental conditions of temperature (200 to 300 °C) and duration of treatment were used to determine its degradation yield during the wet air oxidation process, at a total pressure of 30 MPa. All these conditions led to complete degradation of acid orange 7, but residual Total Organic Carbon always remained. Oxidation byproducts were identified by the means of GC and HPLC analyses. Acetic acid remains the major compound not oxidized. These experiments resulted in the proposal of a reaction scheme associated with kinetic constants. Finally, the optimal conditions for the improvement of the biodegradability of the effluent were determined. This wet air oxidation process could then be coupled with a biological treatment to obtain an overall degradation meeting the criteria for release into the environment.
Periprocedural management of anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation in direct oral anticoagulant–treated patients
Authors: Martin Anne‐Céline , Lessire Sarah , Leblanc Isabelle , Dincq Anne‐Sophie , Philip Ivan , Gouin‐Thibault Isabelle , Godier Anne 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundGuidelines recommend performing atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation without interruption of a direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and to administer unfractionated heparin (UFH) for an activated clotting time (ACT) ≥300 seconds, by analogy with vitamin K antagonist (VKA). Nevertheless, pharmacological differences between DOACs and VKA, especially regarding ACT sensitivity and UFH response, prevent extrapolation from VKA to DOACs.HypothesisThe level of anticoagulation at the time of the procedure in uninterrupted DOAC–treated patients is unpredictable and would complicate intraprocedural UFH administration and monitoring.MethodsThis prospective study included interrupted DOAC–treated patients requiring AF ablation. Preprocedural DOAC concentration ([DOAC]), intraprocedural UFH administration, and ACT values were recorded. A cohort of DOAC‐treated patients requiring flutter catheter ablation was considered to illustrate [DOAC] without DOAC interruption.ResultsForty‐eight patients underwent AF and 14 patients underwent flutter ablation, respectively. In uninterrupted DOAC–treated patients, [DOAC] ranged from ≤30 to 466 ng/mL. When DOAC were interrupted, from 54 to 218 hours, [DOAC] were minimal (maximum: 36 ng/mL), preventing DOAC‐ACT interference. Anyway, ACT values were poorly correlated with UFH doses (R
2 = 0.2256).ConclusionsOur data showed that uninterrupted DOAC therapy resulted in an unpredictable and highly variable initial level of anticoagulation before catheter ablation. Moreover, even with DOAC interruption preventing interference between DOAC, UFH, and ACT, intraprocedural UFH monitoring was complex. Altogether, our exploratory results call into question the appropriateness of transposing UFH dose protocols, as well as the relevance of ACT monitoring in uninterrupted DOAC–treated patients.
Clinical predictors and outcomes of patients with pericardial effusion in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ravi Venkatesh , Iskander Fady , Saini Abhimanyu , Brecklin Carolyn , Doukky Rami 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundPericardial effusion is common in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We sought to identify predictors and prognostic impact of pericardial effusion in CKD patients.HypothesisClinical and biochemical parameters can predict pericardial effusion in CKD patients.MethodsIn a retrospective nested case‐control design, we analyzed hospitalized adult patients with CKD stage 4, 5, or end‐stage renal disease diagnosed with pericardial effusion. Controls were same‐stage CKD patients without effusion.ResultsAmong 84 cases and 61 controls, 44% and 34% were on dialysis, respectively. The mean creatinine was higher among cases versus controls (8.4±6.0 vs. 6.0±3.4 mg/dL, P = 0.002). Effusion was moderate to large in 46% of cases. Independent predictors of any pericardial effusion were serum potassium (OR: 1.95 per 1‐mEq/L increment, 95% CI: 1.21–3.13, P = 0.006), serum corrected calcium (OR: 1.33 per 1‐mg/dL decrement, 95% CI: 1.11–1.67, P = 0.015), and admission heart rate (OR: 1.29 per 10‐bpm increment, 95% CI: 1.03–1.62, P = 0.027). Corrected calcium level was an independent predictor of moderate to large pericardial effusion (OR: 1.38 per 1‐mg/dL decrement, 95% CI: 1.04–1.82, P = 0.023). Corrected calcium <8.0 mg/dL demonstrated 95% specificity for moderate to large effusion. Patients with effusion had no significant difference in the composite endpoint of mortality or cardiovascular rehospitalization (P = 0.408).ConclusionsIn hospitalized CKD patients, hypocalcemia may be useful in identifying those with moderate to large pericardial effusion. In this population, pericardial effusion does not seem to be associated with adverse outcomes.
Theoretical Investigation of Metal‐Support Interactions on Ripening Kinetics of Supported Particles
Authors: Hu Sulei , Li Wei‐Xue 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe stability of supported metal particles is one of the key issues for successful industrialization of catalysts. A theoretical study of Ostwald ripening of supported particles and its dependence on metal‐support interactions, sublimation energy, and surface energy is reported. Two distinct metal‐support interactions are differentiated: metal particle‐support and metal atom‐support. Although strong metal particle‐support interaction (small contact angle) stabilizes the supported particles and improve the ripening resistance, strong metal atom‐support interactions decrease the total activation energy and dramatically lower the onset temperature and half‐life time of ripening, a fact that should be prevented. Moreover, supported particles with low surface energy and/or high sublimation energy of supported particles would have a high onset temperature and a long half‐life time. Compared to the metal particle‐support interaction and surface energy, the metal atom‐support interaction and sublimation energy are most influential to the overall ripening resistance. The present work highlights the importance of interplay between two types of metal‐support interactions on the overall stability of supported particles.
One‐Step Synthesis of Multifunctional Zinc‐Iron‐Oxide Hybrid Carbon Nanowires by Chemical Fusion for Supercapacitors and Interfacial Water Marbles
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Xinyu , Poyraz Selcuk , Zhang Chao , Xin John H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHybrid carbon nanowires with tunable elemental composition and nanoscale component mixing resolution can be synthesized by a chemical fusion method in one pot, using a unique heating mechanism of conducting polymers under the electromagnetic field of microwave. Carbon nanowire matrices hybridized with metals and oxides can be facilely synthesized by simple instrumentation and processes within tens of seconds. Different metallic precursors (e. g. Fe and Zn) can be selectively incorporated in the chemical fusion process that substantially integrated with the carbon nanowire matrices during the growth process while their characteristic functions are infused. The hybrid carbon nanowires show excellent electrochemical supercapacitive and supramolecular self‐assembly properties owing to the unique hybrid nanostructures and surface characteristics. “Interfacial water marbles” can be obtained by the supramolecular self‐assembly of hybrid carbon nanowires on the water/hexane interface. The interfacial water marbles are semi‐permanent and completely impede the event of coalescence cascade, demonstrating significant applications in mass transport, microfluidics, and interfacial synthesis.
Computational Identification of Pyrrole Ring C as the Preferred Donor for Excited‐State Proton Transfer in Bacteriophytochromes
Authors: Falklöf Olle , Durbeej Bo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe engineering of bacteriophytochrome photoreceptors into near‐infrared fluorescent proteins is a promising route toward deep‐tissue imaging of living cells with many challenges ahead. One key objective is to increase the fluorescence quantum yields, which are limited by competing non‐radiative relaxation processes involving not only the well‐known double‐bond photoisomerization of the tetrapyrrole chromophore, but also a potential excited‐state proton transfer from the chromophore to the protein. Motivated by the lack of mechanistic knowledge about this proton transfer, we here use hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methods to investigate three possible scenarios for how the process is initiated. Through calculated excited‐state pKa values of the chromophore inside the protein matrix of Deinococcus radiodurans bacteriophytochrome, it is found that pyrrole ring C is a much more likely donor for excited‐state proton transfer than rings A and B, which are also possible donors discussed in the literature. This finding offers a starting point for establishing a strategy to strengthen the fluorescence of engineered bacteriophytochromes through biochemical inhibition of the proton transfer.