bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The N-degron pathway governs autophagy to promote thermotolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Park Ohkmae , Kim Seu Ha , Park Jun Seok , Lee Myoung-Hoon , Seo Joongyu , Kim Jaekwan , Yang Woo Seok , Park Jihye , Yoo Kwangmin , Choi Jungmin , Seo Jong-Bok , Song Hyun Kyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Autophagy is a vital process that enables plants to adapt to various environmental changes. During heat stress (HS), misfolded and denatured proteins accumulate in cells, necessitating autophagy for their removal. Here, we show that a core autophagy component ATG8a is targeted for degradation via the Arg/N-degron pathway. ATG8a is expressed as two alternatively spliced transcripts encoding ATG8a isoforms, namely ATG8a(S) and ATG8a(L), with distinct N-termini. While ATG8a(S) remains stable, ATG8a(L) is N-terminally processed to expose the Arg/N-degron, leading to its degradation. UBR7, identified as an N-recognin, is responsible for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ATG8a(L). Notably, ATG8a(S) and ATG8a(L) show dynamic expression patterns, fluctuating ATG8a levels during the HS and recovery periods. Our findings highlight the crucial role of ATG8a turnover in conferring thermotolerance, which is governed by Arg/N-degron-mediated regulation. Understanding the molecular basis of ATG8a stability will provide valuable insights into plant resilience to HS under changing climatic conditions.
Ultraviolet exposure of mice fed a high fat diet reduces weight gain and markers of liver disease progression
Authors: Hazell Gareth Gareth , Khazova Marina , Mancey Hanna , Shek Raymond , O'Mahoney Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Research suggests that ultraviolet (UV) exposure of mice placed on a high fat diet can decline incidence of metabolic disease. However, current research had primarily focused on male mice. Here a pilot study is presented wherein male and female mice were placed on a low-fat diet or high fat diet, with the high fat diet cohort either exposed twice weekly to UV light or sham exposed. Non-significant trends are observed for weight amelioration in UV exposed mice across both sexes at study endpoint, whereas in the liver, a reduction of lipid droplet size due to UV exposure is observed. Assessment of vitamin D status at study endpoint shows that the high fat diet increases 25(OH)D level in both sexes, more so in female mice, with further non-significant rises due to UV exposure. This study supports previous evidence that non-vitamin D mediated pathways may be responsible for the outcomes reported in this study. The UV exposures used in this study also produce minimal damage to ex vivo skin or in vitro cells, in terms of cyclobutene-pyrimidine dimers (CPD’s) (characteristic signature mutations induced by UV), and double stranded breaks, further demonstrating the potential benefit of such exposures. This study supports and builds on current evidence that non-vitamin D pathways mediated through UV exposure may be beneficial in slowing weight gain and liver disease progression.
Springtime Habitat Survey of Oxythyrea sp. and Tropinota sp. in Northern Mallorca, Plant Preferences, and Ecological and Conservation Concerns of Roadside Proximity
Authors: Shields John Megre , Singer-Pennell Leah Maddalena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the habitat preferences of beetles belonging to the Oxythyrea and Tropinota genera in Northern Mallorca, with a particular focus on flowering species as host plants. A total of 838 observational results were collected throughout field surveys. Key findings indicate that Oxythyrea sp. and Tropinota sp. predominantly inhabit areas with dense populations of flowering Galactites sp. and Asphodelus sp. plants in this region. It was noted during field surveys that plants located near roadsides hosted drastically fewer target beetles. This was the case even when the roadside evaluated had adequately dense clusters of suitable host plants, and when adjacent fields hosted many suitable host plants and strong beetle populations. This finding suggests that these beetles may be sensitive to pollution, road noise or artificial wind conditions generated by passing vehicles.
A case study of translating “Intolerance of Uncertainty Short form” (IUS-12) into Bahasa Malaysia – Part 1: unveiling a novel translation and cross-cultural adaptation approach for multi-ethnolinguistic population
Authors: Eachempati Prashanti , Nagraj Sumanth Kumbargere , Salian Kiran Kumar Krishnappa , Ismail Noorliza Mastura , Ismail Abdul Rashid Hj , Abas Adinegara Lutfi , Guan Wilander Law Cheng , Hanks Sally , Martin John , Nasser Mona 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Questionnaire translation is vital for high-quality research, requiring more than simple language conversion. Inaccurate translations can alter question meanings and compromise the intended message, necessitating cross-cultural adaptation, particularly in multi-ethnic, multi-lingual contexts. The aim of this project is to translate the "Intolerance of Uncertainty Short form" (IUS-12) into Bahasa Malaysia for multiethnolinguistic individuals using a novel process.
Methods: Recognizing that respondents may interpret questions in their mother tongue, we devised a systematic translation method. Forward and backward translations were conducted by trilingual individuals from each ethnic group, refined by an expert committee to assess semantic, conceptual, idiomatic, and experiential equivalence. A pilot study with 30 dental patients confirmed comprehension, resulting in the finalized IUS-12 BM.
The results revealed how some words and expressions lack direct equivalents, resulting in subtle differences that may be overlooked in the usual translation approach. Malaysia's unique multilingual environment further complicates matters, with people's mother tongues evolving within this diverse setting and extensive borrowing of words and concepts from other languages.
Conclusion: This research uniquely involves multiple ethnic groups at every stage, producing a translated instrument while gathering contextual data on how different cultures interpret concepts like "uncertainty." Based on our experience, we propose the MELT toolkit to enhance translation and adaptation processes. In conclusion, our novel approach offers a unique method for developing ethnolinguistically relevant instruments that foster inclusive and diverse research practices. This methodology emphasizes the importance of cultural sensitivity and linguistic accuracy, ensuring research outcomes reflect the perspectives of varied ethnic groups.
Comprehensive Analysis of Therapeutic Strategies Using Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Preclinical Models of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Pandey Ramendra Pati , Mukherjee Riya , K Gunjan , k Himanshu , Wang Ing-Kae , Hsieh Sing-Ying , Chang Chung-Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease affecting people and animals, resulting in persistent pain and joint deformities. Its growing prevalence presents considerable difficulties to public health and veterinary care systems worldwide. Despite substantial research, the molecular pathways underlying OA pathogenesis remain poorly understood, limiting the development of effective treatment strategies. Exosomes, or small endosomal membrane microvesicles, have emerged as intriguing vehicles for intercellular communication and medicinal administration in a variety of illnesses, including OA. However, their efficacy and action methods in preclinical OA models require additional exploration.
Methods
We analyzed several databases from 2016 to 2023 for original studies on exosome treatment in preclinical OA models. The inclusion criteria included studies that used exosomes generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in both human and animal models of OA. Thematic synthesis and data extraction were used to examine research features, dosage administration techniques, and efficacy results. The quality of included studies was assessed using recognized criteria, and statistical analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of exosome treatment in decreasing Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores.
Results
Our study comprised thirteen peer-reviewed articles that included both human and animal models of OA. Most trials used bone marrow MSC-derived exosomes administered intra-articularly. The analysis of OARSI scores revealed a considerable reduction in joint deterioration following exosome therapy. Source analysis demonstrated that exosome treatment originating from human and animal MSCs was consistently effective. However, an assessment of study quality revealed potential biases and limitations, emphasizing the need for more research to validate these findings and refine therapy options for OA management.
“Suck it up and push through!” Exploring the experiences of women with endometriosis at work.
Authors: Howe Danielle , O'Shea Michelle , Duffy Sarah , Armour Mike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Endometriosis affects an estimated 6–14% of women and people presumed female at birth, significantly impacting quality of life and workplace productivity. While research highlights that endometriosis pain and symptom management hinders careers and productivity; our current understanding of how workplace practices and intersecting discourses and norms shape careers (for people with endometriosis) remains limited. The present research aims to understand how people with endometriosis experience and make sense of their experiences managing endometriosis symptoms and paid work. First, we asked how do women with endometriosis interpret the way their career is shaped by symptom management at work? Secondly, how can this knowledge inform workplace policies and practices which support endometriosis symptom management in the workplace? Through six online focus groups (September-November 2022) with 45 cisgender women either currently or recently employed in Australia and guided by a post-structural feminist lens, we uncovered two themes in women’s experiences. We labelled the first “If I wanted to get somewhere…I had to suck it up” and consider how and why employees conceal their symptoms; and second “If I can be supported, I can work: shifting responsibility from employee to workplace” demonstrating how workplace accommodations and education are impactful. Our recommendations include the development and adoption of workplace guidelines that support physical symptom management together with educational initiatives that challenge stigma, masculinist and ableist norms that support improved workplace productivity, personal wellbeing and career outcomes.
A DiSCo JWST portrait of the primordial Solar System through its trans-Neptunian objects
Authors: Pinilla-Alonso Noemi , Brunetto Rosario , De Pra Mario N , Holler Bryan J. , Henault Elsa , Felician Ana Carolina de Souza , Lorenzi Vania , Pendleton Yvonne J. , Cruikshank Dale P. , Muller Thomas G. , Stansberry John A. , Emery Joshua P. , Schambeau Charles A. , Licandro Javier , Harvison Brittany , McClure Lucas , Guilbert-Lepoutre Aurelie , Peixinho Nuno , Bannister Michele T. , Wong Ian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The detection of molecules on the coldest and outermost objects in our Solar System has long been limited by the terrestrial atmosphere and the sensitivity of the available instrumentation. However, near-infrared observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have now provided an unprecedented view of the molecular diversity on the surfaces of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Using the low spectral resolution PRISM mode on the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) as part of the Cycle 1 Large Program “Discovering the Surface Composition of trans-Neptunian objects" (DiSCo-TNOs), we report the detection of several molecular ices throughout the TNO population, including H2O, CO2, 13CO2, CO, CH3OH, and complex molecules and refractory materials containing aliphatic C–H, C≡N, O–H, and N–H bonds. As a result of the imprint that these molecules leave on the spectra, three main compositional groups consistently emerge from multiple independent cluster analysis efforts. Our results unlock the long-standing question of the interpretation of color diversity providing the much-needed compositional information. The marked separation of the three spectral clusters reveals sharp variations in the surface molecular constituents. The C/O and (CH + NH)/(C + O) ratios on the surface of TNOs are the primary indicators of the spectral differences among the three TNO compositional groups that we observe today. We propose that these objects are fossil remnants of icy planetesimals, and that the three compositional groups provide a picture of the ice retention lines in the Solar System that likely occurred in the outer protoplanetary disk, possibly just before a major planetary migration.
Should preimplantation hysteroscopy be performed routinely in cases of recurrent implantation failure?
Authors: Özel Murat , Ruso Halil , Gürgan Timur 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:The persistent challenge of Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) cycles necessitates ongoing research. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hysteroscopy (HS) on pregnancy rates (PR) in patients with RIF undergoing euploid embryo transfer.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a private assisted reproduction clinic, and included 357 patients from January 2019 to September 2023, all with a history of RIF and no abnormalities detectable by sonography or hysterosalpingography (HSG). Patients were divided into two groups: the HS group, comprising 156 patients who underwent HS and endometrial injury prior to transferring euploid embryos in a frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycle; the non-HS group, including 201 patients who proceeded with FET cycles involving euploid embryos without prior HS.
Results:Among the 156 RIF patients who underwent HS, 140 (89.7%) exhibited a normal uterine cavity, while abnormalities were detected in 16 patients (10.3%), predominantly endometrial polyps (n=9, 56.2%). No significant statistical difference was observed in PR between the HS group (n=81, 51.9%) and the non-HS group (n=99, 49.2%). Similarly, PR was comparable between patients who received hysteroscopic correction for detected uterine abnormalities (n=8, 50.0%) and those with normal HS findings (n=73, 52.1%).
Conclusion:Performing hysteroscopic endometrial injury, or correction of uterine abnormalities not detectable by sonography and HSG does not improve the PR in FET cycles with euploid embryos.
Memristive blinking neuron enabling dense and scalable photonically-linked neural network
Authors: Cheng Bojun , ZHOU Yue , Fang Yuetong , Gisler Raphael , Ren Hongwei , Fu Haotian , Ma Zelin , Huang Yulong , Xu Renjing , Bouhelier Alexandre , Leuthold Juerg 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has driven a surging demand for powerful architectures whose capabilities scale with network size and dense neuron connections. However, the large footprint of CMOS neurons and the constraints on electric routing are significantly hindering the scale-up of the number of artificial neurons and their synaptic connectivity. Inspired by the biological neurons’ intricate and dense network structure, we introduce a 3-dimensional (3D) connectivity. Here, we demonstrate a 3D neural network (NN) with atomic scale memristive blinking neuron (MBN) linked by photons free from electrical routing constraints. Our MBN features a minimal footprint of 170×240 nm2 and emits photon pulses upon integrating a critical number of incoming electrical spikes, eliminating the need for the bulky peripheral circuit readout and electrical wiring for transmitting the signals. Such MBN not only offers the functionality of a spiking neuron but also constitutes a CMOS-compatible planar light source for intra-neuron communication, overcoming the bottleneck of plenary CMOS technology. The functionality of the MBN is demonstrated in two different photonically-linked NN applications. First, we test the MBN on a four-class classification task within the Google Speech dataset and show 91.51% accuracy. We then show its operation in a high-density artificial neuron array with a pitch of 1 µm, pushing the boundaries of optical diffraction, realizing an unprecedented neuron density on par with the human brain. An MNIST classification task is performed with a 92.27% accuracy. Our new photonically-linked NN significantly increases the neuron density as well as scalability, showing great potential for realizing next-generation AI hardware.
P16 Immunohistochemistry: A Key to Accurate Diagnosis of High-Risk Cervical Lesions
Authors: Rugemalila Moses Muganyizi , Ndayisaba Marie Claire , Kitinya James , Vuhahula Edda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The expression of p16 protein is a critical biomarker for identifying high-risk HPV-related cervical lesions, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CINII) (CINII) (CINI) and Koilocytosis. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of p16 immunohistochemistry in cervical biopsies at Muhimbili National Hospital.
Methods
A total of 92 cervical biopsy specimens were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining for p16. The staining results were assessed by two independent pathologists, with p16 positivity defined as strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in over 75% of the cells. The association between p16 expression and lesion grades was statistically analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Results
High p16 expression was observed in cases of high-grade CIN, consistent with global findings. Conversely, low-grade CIN and benign lesions exhibited minimal p16 overexpression. These results underscore the potential of p16 as a reliable biomarker for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade cervical lesions.
Conclusion
The findings of this study reinforce the diagnostic value of p16 immunohistochemistry in cervical pathology. By accurately identifying high-risk lesions, p16 testing can significantly improve diagnostic precision and reduce the risk of overtreatment in low-resource settings. Further research is warranted to explore the integration of p16 testing into routine cervical cancer screening protocols.
Effect of different temperatures on denitrifying bacteria in UMSR reactor under Fe0 and electromagnetic field
Authors: Abdulatti Algonin , Ali Sidhoum , Zhao Bowei , Xie Fei , Cui Ying , Yue Xiuping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Urban sewage typically has a low C/N ratio. To meet discharge standards, additional organic carbon and temperature control are often added to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to aid denitrification. In this study, a lab-scale up-flow micro-aerobic sludge reactor (UMSR) with 1.5 mg/L dissolved oxygen (DO) was used to treat 50 mg/L ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) without external organic carbon. The reactor was kept at a controlled at two different temperatures of 15°C and 34°C for the survey, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.5 hours. Fe⁰ ≤ 0.3 µm was added to the reactor at 3 g/L, alongside a 48-mT magnetic field. The results assessed the reactor's removal efficiency and denitrifying bacteria enrichment. At 15°C, NH4+-N and NO3−-N removal efficiencies were 54.4% and 58.1%, respectively; at 34°C, they were 49.7% and 42.2%. Illumina sequencing revealed enriched denitrifying bacteria at 34°C by coupling MF with Fe0, including Gemmobacter at 2.6%, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) Nitrosomonas at 1.6%, moderately thermophilic and CO2 fixation Ignavibacterium at 0.5%, and heterotrophic denitrification Dokdonella at 0.2%. Also noted was a sharp decrease at 34°C by coupling MF with Fe0 of Gemmatimonas at 1.3%, and moderately thermophilic Tepidisphaera at 1%. BLAST-detected identity bacteria strains, and PICRUSt-predicted bacterial community functions were detected. The KGGE dataset presenting decreased enzymes at 34°C, such as (narl), (narH), (narG), (nasC), (anfG), and (nasB), while (nifK) showed an increase at 34°C.
Fall cone tests on sensitive marine clay: a comprehensive experimental study and its replication with the Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method
Authors: Mohapatra Debasis , Mohammadi Saeideh , Saresma Maarit , Virtasalo Joonas J. , Sołowski Wojciech T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The paper presents fall cone experiments, their analysis with digital image processing and their replication with the Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method. The fall cone experiments were conducted on a soft and sensitive marine clay sample collected from the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea. The paper presents experiments performed with a 30°, 100g cone, and a 60°, 60g cone dropped from different heights and recorded with a high-speed camera. The tests were supplemented with a laboratory test program to determine the geotechnical properties of the soil used in the tests. The Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method (GIMP) simulations shown in the paper replicate the process of indentation of the cone into the soil: the cone displacement, velocity, acceleration, and reaction force curves obtained with digital image processing. The simulations show that for an accurate replication of the process a strain-rate dependent Tresca constitutive model, extended with strain softening replicating destructuration is sufficient. The study examines the effect of cone geometry, cone mass, cone roughness, impact velocity, mesh density, strain rate and strain softening on the cone penetration process. The simulation results indicate that the presented framework can simulate the dynamic penetration process on soft and sensitive clay very well.
Expression of Transcription Factors cMyc, Sox2 and klf4 in Human Dental Pulp
Authors: Alzer Heba , Alsoleihat Firas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Induced pluripotent stem cells have been proposed as a novel therapeutic option that provides an autologous source of stem cells. However, the methods utilized in generating induced pluripotent stem cells, like viral transduction, ‏and the tumorgenicity of the resulting cells, raise serious concerns in medical society.
Objective: Here, we propose that initiating the reprogramming with a type of cell that already has a high expression of some of the transcription factors necessary for the induction would suggestively provide a safer substitute to experiment with for clinical trials.
Methods: We investigated the adult human dental pulp cells for the expression of some of these transcription factors, reported previously to induce human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the wisdom teeth of healthy patients aged between 17 and 19 to study the expression of Sox2, klf4, and c-Myc.
Results: The results show a strong expression of Sox2 and c-Myc in the dental pulp among various locations, while klf4 expression was not detected.
Conclusion: the human adult dental pulp possesses a subpopulation of stem cells that strongly expresses c-Myc/Sox2 and provides a suitable, feasible source to induce pluripotent stem cells.