bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of dynamic spherical cavity expansion in undrained modified Cam Clay soil
Authors: Zhou Hang , Liu Hanlong , Li Yingzhen 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn order to capture the influence of the cavity expansion velocity, this paper presents a semianalytical solution for dynamic spherical cavity expansion in modified Cam Clay (MCC) soil. The key problem is solving the six coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) of cavity expansion, in which the dynamic term is considered in the stress equilibrium equation. The similarity transformation technique is used to transform the PDEs into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Subsequently, the numerical method using the function “ODE45” in MATLAB is selected to solve the ODEs, which allows the stress and excess pore pressure around the expanding spherical cavity wall to be obtained. The proposed semianalytical solution for dynamic spherical cavity expansion was validated by comparting the degenerate solution with the published quasistatic solution for the MCC model. Parametric study was then conducted to capture the influence of the cavity wall velocity on the cavity expansion response. The proposed solution has potential application to geotechnical problems such as dynamic pile driving, the dynamic cone penetration test, and so forth.
Serum Levels of Prealbumin and Albumin for Preoperative Risk Stratification
Authors: Loftus Tyler J. , Brown Michelle P. , Slish John H. , Rosenthal Martin D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPreoperative risk stratification has long been developed as a strategy to predict postoperative outcomes and potentially alter or optimize comorbidities and modifiable risk. Malnutrition is among the most common potentially modifiable risk factors and the strongest predictor of poor postsurgical outcomes. Historically, malnutrition has been difficult to address for healthcare providers because of the lack of a cohesive definition. Adding to the confusion has been the use of serum levels of albumin and prealbumin as biomarkers for malnutrition; many fail to understand that these visceral proteins are only valid as markers of nutrition status while at homeostasis. Surgical need is often driven by both sterile and non‐sterile inflammation, but during this pathologic mechanism, hepatic reprioritization shunts visceral protein synthesis, rendering albumin and prealbumin invalid as biomarkers for malnutrition. Ultimately, understanding these limitations and embracing better indicators of malnutrition will improve preoperative risk stratification.
Multi‐Omics Profiling for NF1 Target Discovery in Neurofibromin (NF1) Deficient Cells
Authors: Carnes Rachel M. , Mobley James A. , Crossman David K. , Liu Hui , Korf Bruce R. , Kesterson Robert A. , Wallis Deeann 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLoss of NF1 is an oncogenic driver. In efforts to define pathways responsible for the development of neurofibromas and other cancers, transcriptomic and proteomic changes are evaluated in a non‐malignant NF1 null cell line. NF1 null HEK293 cells were created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and they are compared to parental cells that express neurofibromin. A total of 1222 genes and 132 proteins are found to be differentially expressed. The analysis is integrated to identify eight transcripts/proteins that are differentially regulated in both analyses. Metacore Pathway analysis identifies Neurogenesis NGF/TrkA MAPK‐mediated signaling alterations. Next, the data set is compared with other published studies that involve analysis of cells or tumors deficient for NF1 and it is found that 141 genes recur in the sample and others; only thirteen of these genes recur in two or more studies. Genes/proteins of interest are validated via q‐RT‐PCR or Western blot. It is shown that KRT8 and 14‐3‐3σ protein levels respond to exogenously introduced mNf1 cDNA. Hence, transcripts/proteins that respond to neurofibromin levels are identified and they can potentially be used as biomarkers.
RAId: Knowledge‐Integrated Proteomics Web Service with Accurate Statistical Significance Assignment
Authors: Ogurtsov Aleksey Y. , Alves Gelio , Yu Yi‐Kuo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMass spectrometry‐based proteomics starts with identifications of peptides and proteins, which provide the bases for forming the next‐level hypotheses whose “validations” are often employed for forming even higher level hypotheses and so forth. Scientifically meaningful conclusions are thus attainable only if the number of falsely identified peptides/proteins is accurately controlled. For this reason, RAId continued to be developed in the past decade. RAId employs rigorous statistics for peptides/proteins identification, hence assigning accurate P‐values/E‐values that can be used confidently to control the number of falsely identified peptides and proteins. The RAId web service is a versatile tool built to identify peptides and proteins from tandem mass spectrometry data. Not only recognizing various spectra file formats, the web service also allows four peptide scoring functions and choice of three statistical methods for assigning P‐values/E‐values to identified peptides. Users may upload their own protein database or use one of the available knowledge integrated organismal databases that contain annotated information such as single amino acid polymorphisms, post‐translational modifications, and their disease associations. The web service also provides a friendly interface to display, sort using different criteria, and download the identified peptides and proteins. RAId web service is freely available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Yu/raid
Healing, Pain and Function after Midshaft Clavicular Fractures: A Systematic Review of Treatment with Immobilization and Rehabilitation
Authors: Catapano Michael , Hoppe Daniel , Henry Patrick , Nam Diane , Robinson Lawrence R. , Wasserstein David 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the scientific literature examining the efficacy of nonoperative management for midshaft clavicular fractures, specifically looking at the effect of immobilization and/or functional rehabilitation.TypeSystematic review.Literature SurveyMEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL databases were searched.MethodologyInclusion criteria included adult patients enrolled in a controlled study evaluating bony healing, pain and/or function‐related improvements after a strict nonoperative treatment plan for management of midshaft clavicle fractures.SynthesisA total of 10 articles were included in the study. Only four studies contained level I evidence; four studies were prospective case series without a control, and one was a retrospective case series without a control. Half of studies used a strict immobilization period, and most utilized a period of functional rehabilitation. There were no direct comparisons between rehabilitation protocols. Studies without a strict immobilization period had a nonunion rate of 5% to 24% and residual pain in 35% to 83% of patients compared to studies with a strict immobilization period with a nonunion rate of 3% to 29% and residual pain in 14% to 49% of patients. Studies including functional rehabilitation protocol reported functional as measured by the Constant Shoulder Score of 87.8 to 96, out of a maximum of 100 representing no functional limitations, and nonunion rates of 12% to 25% compared to 81 to 85 and 3% to 29% in those without a rehabilitation protocol.ConclusionsNo studies directly examine the effect of immobilization and functional rehabilitation on clinical outcomes for midshaft clavicular fractures. Future studies are needed to better elucidate the most effective treatment.Level of EvidenceI
Diel rhythms of sexual behavior and pheromone responses in Phauda flammans Walker (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)
Authors: Zheng Xia‐Lin , Liu Jun‐Yan , Zhang Zhi‐Lin , Wang Pan , Lu Wen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhauda flammans Walker is a notorious defoliating pest of Ficus spp. in Southeast Asian. Sex pheromones have been identified as an effective method of biological control. However, little is known about the sex pheromone communication of P. flammans due to a lack of knowledge regarding the diel rhythms of sexual behavior and a lack of field tests using sex pheromone attractants.RESULTSAdults of P. flammans eclosed from 6:00 to 16:00 h with a peak at 11:00–12:00 h and mated from 9:00 to 19:00 h with a peak at 14:00–15:00 h. The attraction of virgin males to P. flammans females suggested the utilization of sex pheromones. We identified Z‐9‐hexadecenal and (Z,Z,Z)‐9,12,15‐octadecatrienal as the primary components and found that they elicited the largest electroantennographic detection responses from the antennae of males. Field tests confirmed that P. flammans males can be captured by the two synthetic pheromone components at a ratio of 1:1. The capture of only males in field tests using the synthetic compounds confirmed the activity of the identified sex pheromone candidates.CONCLUSIONThe results provide useful information for the design of standardized sex pheromone traps for the monitoring as well as trapping of P. flammans in the field. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
In‐depth probe of researching interfacial charge transfer process for organic solar cells: A promising bisadduct fullerene derivatives acceptor
Authors: Li Ming‐Yang , Yin Hang , Sui Ming‐Yue , Wang Fei , Liu Yan‐Hui , Sun Guang‐Yan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe charge transfer (CT) mechanism at the donor/acceptor (D/A) interface plays an irreplaceable role in the photoelectric conversion of efficient bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs), which affects the resulting competition between charge separation and charge recombination. Extensive CT studies have preferred monoadduct fullerene derivatives (M60, M70) due to their unique spherical geometry with fewer factors to consider. However, the effect of carbon cage size, substituent group properties and the number of CT properties have not been much discussed. Here, sulfur‐containing bisadducts (B60, B70) were selected to explore whether they are also suitable for CT research like classical monoadducts. Using density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory, interface stacking configuration, key parameters relevant to CT states, charge separation, and recombination rates were determined to confirm the characteristics of B60 and B70 as a good acceptor applied to interfacial research. This work points to the CT mechanism along the route of DA → D*A → D+A− through a theoretical analysis and also provides candidates for the theoretical interface photoelectric process in BHJ OSCs: bisadduct fullerene derivatives as good acceptor materials.
Opening up curricula to redistribute epistemic agency: A framework for supporting science teaching
Authors: Ko Mon‐Lin Monica , Krist Christina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study proposes a strategic framework to guide teachers’ curriculum adaptation, planning, and enactment as a lever for redistributing epistemic agency. This framework intends to position teachers as strategic decision‐makers around when and how to open up aspects of their curriculum. We argue that seeing the aspects of Next Generation Science Standards‐aligned curricula—the methods of investigation, the anchoring phenomena, and the explanatory models students construct—as entry points for redistributing epistemic agency may help teachers make inroads to shifting their classroom practice towards more responsive instruction. Importantly, our tool acknowledges that there are different “levels” at which teachers might strategically decide to open up space for student decision‐making. These decisions may have a differential impact on students’ subsequent participation in science practices. In this paper, we will use three cases to highlight the specific and incremental ways that teachers can open up aspects of the curriculum and how those openings redistributed epistemic agency in their classroom. We argue that this framework may be used as a tool for engaging teachers in conversation about how they can begin to position students as partners in the epistemic decisions that drive classroom activity.
Introduction to special issue: Epistemic tools in science education
Authors: Stroupe David , Moon Jean , Michaels Sarah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe argue that unless teachers provide students with openings to take up some form of epistemic agency through the use of tools, and if students do not perceive and act on such openings, then the rhetoric of the Framework and Next Generation Science Standards—focused on participation in practices—is empty and aims to perpetuate the status quo of current and problematic science teaching and learning. Drawing on our own work and that of others, including the authors in this special issue of Science Education, we assert that epistemic tools and their principled use in classrooms have an important role in disrupting the status quo.
Epistemic tools in engineering design for K‐12 education
Authors: Kelly Gregory J. , Cunningham Christine M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEngineering design provides unique ways to include epistemic tools to support collaborative sense‐making, reasoning with evidence, and assessing knowledge. Engineering design processes often require students to apply science concepts to solve problems. We draw from five engineering curricular units that engaged students in specific epistemic practices of engineering: constructing models and prototypes, making trade‐offs between criteria and constraints, and communicating through uses of conventionalized verbal, written, and symbolic models. Through analysis of curriculum products, student artifacts, and classroom discourse, we show how engaging in such practices requires the use of epistemic tools that shape, and are shaped by, the knowledge construction work of the members of the classrooms. The epistemic tools foster creating, sharing, and assessing knowledge claims. Six principles of practice for education demonstrate how such tools can be educative. These principles evince how epistemic tools support goal‐directed, concerted activity that can support the learning of disciplinary knowledge and practice and offer the potential to increase student agency.
Supporting knowledge construction in elementary engineering design
Authors: Wendell Kristen B. , Andrews Chelsea J. , Paugh Patricia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEngineering design learning experiences are increasingly offered as part of elementary school, but research on how to support young learners’ knowledge construction during classroom engineering is still preliminary. Questions remain about how classroom supports can make engineering thinking visible so that students build engineering knowledge along with engineering products. We report results from a case study of an 11‐day teaching experiment in two elementary classrooms. With the classroom teachers, we guided fourth and fifth graders to document their design iterations with a digital notebooking tool, participate in whole‐class design talks, and create and exhibit posters with “stomp rocket” design recommendations. We conducted a microethnographic analysis of students’ interactions with these notebooking, talk, and poster tools. Our findings characterize how students constructed engineering design knowledge through the discourse of sense‐making about rocket phenomena, decision‐making for specific rocket iterations, and representation‐making for external audiences. These results have implications for elementary engineering instruction: it appears productive for learning to structure whole‐class design talks around representations of sequences of prototypes over time, rather than focusing only on current or best physical prototypes, and to structure engineering curriculum units so that they culminate with student‐generated sets of design recommendations, rather than single design solutions.
Ethylene Polymerization Using Site‐Selective Pyridine‐Amide Based Iron Complexes
Authors: Mishra Anurag , Prabhu Parashiva , Gocher Chandra , Gupta Virendrakumar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe ligand N’,N’‐bis(6‐chloropyridin‐3‐yl)pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide (1) in their di‐deprotonated forms have been used to synthesize two new iron (III) 2 and 3 metal complexes. The iron(III) is surrounded by two tridentate ligands for complex 2, and one tridentate ligand for complex 3. Both complexes have been characterized by NMR, UV‐Visible, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The solid‐state structure of 2 was determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Both iron complexes were further studied for ethylene polymerization in the presence of co‐catalyst methylaluminoxane (MAO) under various reaction conditions. It was found that the pincer containing complex 3 exhibited good activities for ethylene polymerization at 80 °C, while the bis‐ligated iron complex 2 did not show activity for ethylene polymerization.
Programming Motions of DNA Origami Nanomachines
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhang Xueli , Liu Xiaoguo , Fan Chunhai , Li Qian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDNA nanotechnology enables the precise fabrication of DNA‐based machines with nanoscale dimensions. A wide range of DNA nanomachines are designed, which can be activated by specific inputs to perform various movement and functions. The excellent rigidity and unprecedented addressability of DNA origami have made it an excellent platform for manipulating and investigating the motion behaviors of DNA machines at single‐molecule level. In this Concept, power supply, machine actuation, and motion behavior of DNA machines on origami platforms are summarized and classified. The strategies utilized for programming motion behavior of DNA machines on DNA origami are also discussed with representative examples. The challenges and outlook for future development of manipulating DNA nanomachines at the single molecule level are presented and discussed.
A Review on Iron Oxide‐Based Nanoarchitectures for Biomedical, Energy Storage, and Environmental Applications
Authors: Tanaka Shunsuke , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Septiani Ni Luh Wulan , Dou Shi Xue , Bando Yoshio , Hossain Md. Shahriar A. , Kim Jeonghun , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIron oxide nanoarchitectures with distinct morphologies from 1D to 3D have been developed using various wet chemical methods. They have been employed for a wide range of applications, including energy storage, biomedical, and environmental applications. The functional properties of iron oxide nanoarchitectures depend on the size, shape, composition, magnetic properties, and surface modification. To overcome the limitations of pure iron oxide nanostructures, hybridizations with various inorganic materials (e.g., silica, metals, metal oxides) and carbon‐based materials have been proposed. Herein, the recent advances in the preparation of various iron oxide nanoarchitectures are reviewed along with their functional applications in energy storage, biomedical, and environmental fields. Finally, the effects of various parameters on the functional performance of iron oxide nanostructures for these applications are summarized and the trends and future outlook on the development of iron oxide nanoarchitectures for these applications are also given.
SPring‐8 BL36XU: Synchrotron Radiation X‐Ray‐Based Multi‐Analytical Beamline for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Operating Conditions
Authors: Uruga Tomoya , Tada Mizuki , Sekizawa Oki , Takagi Yasumasa , Yokoyama Toshihiko , Iwasawa Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe designed and constructed a beamline BL36XU at the 8 GeV synchrotron radiation facility SPring‐8 to provide information required for the development of next‐generation polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) by clarifying the dynamic aspects of structures and electronic states of cathode catalysts under PEFC operating conditions and in the deterioration processes by accelerated durability test protcols. To investigate the mechanism and degradation process for the cathode electrocatalysis in practical PEFCs, we developed advanced time‐ and spatially‐resolved in‐situ/operando X‐ray absorption fine structure measurement systems and complementary analytical systems (X‐ray emission spectroscopy (XES), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray computer tomography (CT) and hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES)) and combined them to develop multi‐analytical systems at BL36XU. Multi‐analytical systems are very powerful for observing spatial‐temporal features of the transient processes occurring in complex systems such as PEFCs. This account describes the design, performance, and research results of the BL36XU and multi‐analytical in‐situ/operando systems.
Dense Point Sets with Many Halving Lines
Authors: Kovács István , Tóth Géza 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A planar point set of n points is called $$\gamma $$
γ
-dense if the ratio of the largest and smallest distances among the points is at most $$\gamma \sqrt{n}$$

γ

n

. We construct a dense set of n points in the plane with $$ne^{\Omega ({\sqrt{\log n}})}$$

n

e

Ω
(

log
n

)

halving lines. This improves the bound $$\Omega (n\log n)$$

Ω
(
n
log
n
)

of Edelsbrunner et al. (Discrete Comput Geom 17(3):243–255, 1997). Our construction can be generalized to higher dimensions, for any d we construct a dense point set of n points in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

with $$n^{d-1}e^{\Omega ({\sqrt{\log n}})}$$

n

d
-
1

e

Ω
(

log
n

)

halving hyperplanes. Our lower bounds are asymptotically the same as the best known lower bounds for general point sets.
Cost analysis in a randomized trial of early closure of a temporary ileostomy after rectal resection for cancer (EASY trial)
Authors: Park Jennifer , Angenete Eva , Bock David , Correa-Marinez Adiela , Danielsen Anne K. , Gehrman Jacob , Haglind Eva , Jansen Jens E. , Skullman Stefan , Wedin Anette , Rosenberg Jacob 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background
Hospital costs associated with the treatment of rectal cancer are considerable and the formation of a temporary stoma accounts for additional costs. Results from the EASY trial showed that early closure of a temporary ileostomy was associated with significantly fewer postoperative complications but no difference in health-related quality of life up to 12 months after rectal resection. The aim of the present study was to perform a cost analysis within the framework of the EASY trial.

Methods
Early closure (8–13 days) of a temporary stoma was compared to late closure (> 12 weeks) in the randomized controlled trial EASY (NCT01287637). The study period and follow-up was 12 months after rectal resection. Inclusion of participants was made after index surgery. Exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, steroid treatment, signs of postoperative complications or anastomotic leakage. Clinical effectiveness and resource use were derived from the trial and unit costs from Swedish sources. Costs were calculated for the year 2016 and analysed from the perspective of the healthcare sector.

Results
Fifty-five patients underwent early closure, and 57 late closure in eight Swedish and Danish hospitals between 2011 and 2014. The difference in mean cost per patient was 4060 US dollar (95% confidence interval 1121; 6999, p value < 0.01) in favour of early closure. A sensitivity analysis, taking protocol-driven examinations into account, resulted in an overall difference in mean cost per patient of $3608, in favour of early closure (95% confidence interval 668; 6549, p value 0.02). The predominant cost factors were reoperations, readmissions and endoscopic examinations.

Conclusions
The significant cost reduction in this study, together with results of safety and efficacy from the randomized controlled trial, supports the routine use of early closure of a temporary ileostomy after rectal resection for cancer in selected patients without signs of anastomotic leakage.

Clinical trial
Registered at clinicaltrials.gov, clinical trials identifier NCT01287637.