bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of time delays on the therapeutic outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation: An observational study
Authors: Huang Qiang , Song Hai‐qing , Ma Qing‐feng , Song Xiao‐wei , Wu Jian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to demonstrate the effects of time delays on the therapeutic outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute posterior circulation stroke (PCS) patients.MethodsConsecutive PCS cases treated with IVT alone were retrospectively examined. The primary end point was set to be a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤2) at 3 months, and angiographic recanalization was set to be the secondary outcome.ResultsA total of 95 PCS cases with IVT were recruited. The patients with favorable outcomes and those without favorable outcomes had similar baseline characteristics, except for significantly lower National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (5 vs. 12, respectively; p < 0.001) and less hyperdense basilar artery signs in head CTs (26.5% vs. 70.4%, respectively; p < 0.001) for those with favorable outcomes. For patients with an onset‐to‐treatment time (OTT) of 0–90 min (n = 5), 91–180 min (n = 38), 181–270 min (n = 37), or ≧271 min (n = 15), the rate of favorable outcome was 100.0%, 71.1%, 67.6%, or 73.3%, respectively, and the Cochran–Armitage trend test showed no linear trend between the OTT and the clinical prognosis of IVT in PCS (p = 0.501) patients. In addition, the rates of recanalization were 100.0%, 68.4%, 64.9%, and 46.7%, and the Cochran–Armitage trend test suggested a linear trend between the OTT and recanalization (p = 0.046); that is, the proportion of PCS patients who underwent recanalization decreased with increasing OTTs. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors with p ≦ 0.20 in the univariate analysis, baseline NIHSS scores and hyperdense basilar artery signs were negatively associated with favorable outcomes, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.884 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.804–0.971; p = 0.010) and 0.208 (95% CI, 0.062–0.693; p = 0.011), respectively. In addition, there was a negative association between recanalization, OTTs (OR, 0.993, 95% CI, 0.987–0.999; p = 0.029), and baseline NIHSS scores (OR, 0.881, 95% CI, 0.802–0.967; p = 0.008).ConclusionIrrespective of stroke severity, the therapeutic effects of recanalization after IVT decreased significantly with longer time delays in PCS patients.
Chiroptical Properties of Twisted Acenes: Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Bedi Anjan , Gidron Ori 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAcenes that are twisted out of planarity are expected to display chiroptical properties. However, the effect of twisting on the chiroptical properties of acenes has not been investigated computationally or experimentally. Herein, we present a computational investigation of the chiroptical properties of anthracenes to pentacenes, combined with an experimental study using a series of helically locked acenes, twisted to different torsional angles in their enantiopure form. The lowest energy transition, which is relatively weak in acenes, becomes dominant in their circular dichroism spectra upon twisting. We find that the rotational strength of acenes consistently increases with increasing twist. The experimental data obtained from enantiopure tethered twistacenes show the same trend as the calculated result, with a strong Cotton effect and anisotropy factor, rendering twisted acenes as excellent chiroptical materials.
Interrogation of the Effect of Polymorphism of a Metal‐Organic Framework Host on the Structure of Embedded Pd Guest Nanoparticles
Authors: Butson Joshua D. , Kim Hyunjeong , Murugappan Krishnan , Saunders Martin , Buckley Craig E. , Silvester Debbie S. , Szilágyi Petra Á. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are very promising host materials for nanoscale guest materials. However, some MOFs such as MIL‐53 are known to undergo phase transitions which can complicate the guest particle size control. In this study, Pd nanoparticles embedded in Al‐MIL‐53 were synthesised via (a) electrodeposition and (b) gas‐phase reduction. A thorough structural investigation revealed that each synthesis method most likely favoured a different phase of Al‐MIL‐53, presenting the possibility of MOF phase selection as a technique for size control of embedded nanoparticles. For the first time, we hereby report the use of pair distribution function analysis to successfully investigate the structure and morphology of guest particles embedded in a MOF host.
A Highly Stable Separator from an Instantly Reformed Gel with Direct Post‐Solidation for Long‐Cycle High‐Rate Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Jingna , Shi Xingyi , Boateng Bismark , Han Yupei , Chen Dongjiang , He Weidong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn efficient, scalable, and cost‐effective approach was developed to synthesize a hierarchically constructed polyvinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF–HFP) separator from an instantly reformed solution. With partially dissolved PVDF–HFP as separator skeleton, the incorporation of warm PVDF–HFP solution in acetone led to a cross‐linked structure before N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) was added to solidify the hierarchical inner‐bound structure of fresh PVDF–HFP. Owing to its hierarchical microporous structure, the separator exhibited remarkable wettability with a small contact angle of 18° and an electrolyte uptake of 114.81 %, leading to a high room‐temperature ionic conductivity of 3.27×10−3 S cm−1. The hierarchical structure provided short pathways for efficient ion transfer with more electrolyte trapped inside and small intervals between adjacent nanopores. The separator outperformed commercial separators, showing high rate capacities of 104.8 mAh g−1 at 5 C and 95 mAh g−1 at 10 C as well as unparalleled perfect capacity retention at 10 C after 1000 cycles.
Efficient and Hole‐Transporting‐Layer‐Free CsPbI2Br Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells through Rubidium Passivation
Authors: Guo Yixin , Zhao Fei , Tao Jiahua , Jiang Jinchun , Zhang Jungang , Yang Jianping , Hu Zhigao , Chu Junhao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecently, inorganic perovskite CsPbI2Br has gained much attention for photovoltaic applications owing to its excellent thermal stability. However, low device performance and high open‐voltage loss, which are the result of its intrinsic trap states, are hindering its progress. Herein, planar CsPbI2Br solar cells with enhanced performance and stability were demonstrated by incorporating rubidium (Rb) cations. The Rb‐doped CsPbI2Br film exhibited excellent crystallinity, pinhole‐free surface morphology, and enhanced optical absorbance. By using low‐cost carbon electrodes to replace the organic hole‐transportation layer and metal electrode, an excellent efficiency of 12 % was achieved with a stabilized efficiency of over 11 % owing to the suppressed trap states and recombination in the CsPbI2Br film. Additionally, the annealing temperature for the Rb‐doped CsPbI2Br film could be as low as 150 °C with a comparable high efficiency over 11 %, which is one of the best efficiencies reported for hole‐transporting‐layer‐free all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells. These results could provide new opportunities for high‐performance and stable inorganic CsPbI2Br solar cells by employing A‐site cation substitution.
Flow Cytometry Identifies a Spectrum of Maturation in Myeloid Neoplasms Having Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Differentiation
Authors: Hamadeh Fatima , Awadallah Amad , Meyerson Howard J. , Beck Rose C. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundNeoplasms derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are currently divided into two broad categories: mature PDC proliferations associated with myeloid neoplasms (MPDMN) and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN); only BPDCN is recognized in the WHO 2016 classification of hematopoietic neoplasms. We present seven patients with high grade myeloid neoplasms (MNs), mostly acute leukemias, having a spectrum of PDC differentiation and not fitting with MPDMN or BPDCN.MethodsWe analyzed seven MN cases having increased myeloblasts and prominent CD56‐negative PDC proliferations comprising 5–26% of bone marrow or blood cellularity as measured by flow cytometry. The cases included five acute myeloid leukemia (three FAB M4 subtype, two unclassified), one mixed phenotype acute leukemia, and one case of unclassified MN.ResultsSix cases demonstrated immunophenotypic evidence of PDC differentiation from leukemic blasts, based on variable expression of CD34, CD45, CD123, and CD304 by the leukemic cells. Four cases had circulating PDC populations in blood. None of the cases met clinical or pathologic criteria for BPDCN. Morphologic review was available for four acute leukemia cases and demonstrated either nodular or interstitial infiltrates of PDCs. All cases had an aggressive clinical course, and three cases had FLT3 ITD mutation.ConclusionsThese cases demonstrate that high grade MNs, in particular AML, can exhibit PDC differentiation, with or without monocytic differentiation, in a manner distinct from MPDMN or BPDCN. The existence of MNs with immature PDC proliferations suggests that there is a broader spectrum of PDC‐associated neoplasms than currently recognized. © 2019 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Lessons from a modern carbonate sandbody – A personal experience of comparative sedimentology
Authors: Harris Paul (Mitch) 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe notion that examination of modern environments can help one better decipher ancient deposits does not seem so unusual, but this view was incrementally developed through decades of studies that have shown just that. Presented here is a brief example of comparative sedimentology with emphasis placed on the lessons learned from the study of a modern ooid sandbody that heightens one's ability to describe and interpret analogous subsurface settings. Core transects and surface sediment mapping in the Joulters sandbody of Great Bahama Bank illustrate the three‐dimensional characteristics of an upward coarsening and shallowing cycle and highlight the internal complexity of a sandbody through time and space. This modern example graphically highlights difficulties in interpretation and correlation of grainstone cycles in analogous subsurface platform carbonate reservoirs.
Association of high circulating testosterone with increased glycaemic variability in type 2 diabetes: A cross‐sectional study in China
Authors: Ding Bo , Sun Rui , Zhai Xiao‐fang , Lu Ting‐ting , Cheng Liang , Li Feng‐fei , Hu Yun , Ma Jian‐hua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundTestosterone affects insulin resistance, but the effect of testosterone treatment on type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the association between circulating total testosterone (TT) and glycaemic variability using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with T2D.MethodsA total of 248 men with T2D were enrolled in the study. Clinical characteristics and plasma for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and C‐peptide assessment were collected. TT was measured using a chemiluminescent immunometric assay. All patients were subjected to a 3‐day CGM before making adjustments for hypoglycaemic therapy.ResultsTT positively correlated with the standard deviation of mean blood glucose (SDBG) (P < 0.05), especially in older patients. Linear regression analysis showed that SDBG was associated with HbA1c (β = 0.354, P < 0.001) and TT (β = 0.164, P = 0.008) after adjusting for age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, fasting/postprandial C‐peptide, and use of different hypoglycaemic drugs. The cut‐off value of TT for predicting glycaemic variability was 14.76 mmol/L according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. SDBG, the coefficient of variation, the incremental area under the curve of glucose (AUC) > 10 mmol/L, and AUC night were increased in the group with TT > 14.76 nmol/L (P < 0.01 for all variables). Body mass index and fasting/postprandial C‐peptide were lower in the group with TT > 14.76 nmol/L than in the group with TT ≤ 14.76 nmol/L (P < 0.05).ConclusionsCirculating TT levels should be assessed in patients with T2D in addition to HbA1c for predicting glycaemic variability. More frequent blood glucose monitoring or CGM is suggested for patients with T2D and high testosterone levels.Clinical trials registration: NCT03519529, ClinicalTrials.gov
Actor Constellation Games in Policy Implementation—The Case of Switzerland
Authors: Knoepfel Peter 
Published: January 2019

This analytical essay deals with the policy resource organization which policy actors employ to influence policy implementation activities. We speak of games of actor constellations that potentially influence the content of policy implementation activities. In the last 50 years, the scope of these games has broadened due to their increasing complexity. Initially shaped as simple bilateral structures formed by policy targets and the state, these constellations have become trilateral, encompassing the policy beneficiaries and, subsequently, affected the third party groups as well as the supporting or opposing actors within the public administration. Based on imaginable and/or empirically existent cases, this contribution establishes thirteen types of actor constellation games which are presented with concrete examples.
Uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds, including organochlorine pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and perfluoroalkyl acids in fish and blue crabs of the lower Passaic River, New Jersey, USA
Authors: Khairy Mohammed A. , Noonan Gregory O. , Lohmann Rainer 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The bioavailability and bioaccumulation of sedimentary hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) is of concern at contaminated sites. Passive samplers have emerged as a promising tool to measure the bioavailability of sedimentary HOCs and possibly to estimate their bioaccumulation. We thus analyzed HOCs including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) in sediment, porewater, and river water using low-density polyethylene passive samplers and in 11 different finfish species and blue crab from the lower Passaic River. In addition, perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) were measured in grab water samples, sediment, and fish. Best predictors of bioaccumulation in biota were either porewater concentrations (for PCBs and OCPs) or sediment organic carbon (PBDEs and PFAAs), including black carbon (OCPs, PCBs, and some PCDD/F congeners)–normalized concentrations. Measured lipid-based concentrations of the majority of HOCs exceeded the chemicals’ activities in porewater by at least 2-fold, suggesting dietary uptake. Trophic magnification factors were &gt;1 for moderately hydrophobic analytes (log octanol–water partitioning coefficient [KOW] = 6.5–8.2) with low metabolic transformation rates (&lt;0.01 d−1), including longer alkyl chain PFAAs. For analytes with lower (4.5–6.5) and higher (&gt;8.2) KOWs, metabolic transformation was more important in reducing trophic magnification. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:872–882. © 2019 SETAC
Coastal dune hydrology and its influence on maritime occupation sites (12–0.2 ka) in a semiarid island, San Miguel, California, USA
Authors: Peterson Curt D. , Erlandson Jon M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMaritime occupation sites in upland dune settings (10–150 m elevation mean sea level) in San Miguel Island (37 km2 in size), located 40 km offshore of the south‐central California mainland, were analyzed for reported ages, component types, and distances from paleo‐shorelines around the island’s shelf platform. The occupation sites (dated ~12,200 to 200 cal B.P.) include numerous shell middens and lithic scatters. Some sites contain Paleocoastal stemmed points and chipped stone crescents, the latter believed to be used for hunting waterfowl. What prompted the site occupations in the semiarid dune‐covered coastal bluffs and interior‐plateaus that were located 10–150 m above and 1–4 km distant from age‐correlative paleo‐shorelines? Eolianite dune settings in San Miguel include ephemeral freshwater sources from: (a) vernal pond/wetlands in interior plateaus; (b) gullies or creeks in the dune‐covered bluff slopes; (c) springs exposed in current sea cliffs or canyons; and (d) pond/wetlands barraged by sand ramps on the windward bluff slopes and gully drainages. These freshwater features are proposed to have attracted humans and their hunting, shellfish processing, and plant gathering activities to upland localities, as now preserved above the island’s shelf platform that was submerged by the Holocene marine transgression.
Three Coaching Priorities for Enhancing Teacher Practice in Disciplinary Literacy Instruction in the English Language Arts
Authors: Di Domenico Paula , Elish‐Piper Laurie , Manderino Michael , L'Allier Susan K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiscipline‐specific literacy instruction is key to supporting adolescents’ overall literacy development. Job‐embedded professional development that supports teachers’ discipline‐specific literacy instruction via instructional coaching is a promising approach to enacting disciplinary literacy instruction in English language arts (ELA) classrooms. Findings from a multiyear study of instructional coaching yielded three priorities that coaches can use as a guide when collaborating with ELA teachers: ensuring that collaboration is sustained over time, considering teachers’ knowledge to create a coaching plan, and adopting a distributed expertise approach to create a collaboration in which both coach and teacher have ownership in the process. Examples from the multiyear study and suggestions for coaches’ practice when working with ELA teachers are shared.
Signaling Crosstalk of FHIT, p53, and p38 in etoposide‐induced apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells
Authors: Khedri Azam , Khaghani Shahnaz , Kheirollah Alireza , Babaahmadi‐Rezaei Hossein , Shadboorestan Amir , Zangooei Mohammad , Afra Hajar Shokri , Meshkani Reza , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFragile histidine trail (FHIT) is a tumor suppressor in response to DNA damage which has been deleted in various tumors. However, the signaling mechanisms and interactions of FHIT with regard to apoptotic proteins including p53 and p38 in the DNA damage‐induced apoptosis are not well described. In the present study, we used etoposide‐induced DNA damage in MCF‐7 as a model to address these crosstalks. The time course study showed that the expression of FHIT, p53, and p38MAPK started after 1 hour following etoposide treatment. FHIT overexpression led to increase p53 expression, p38 activation, and augmented apoptosis following etoposide‐induced DNA damage compared to wild‐type cells. However, FHIT knockdown blocked p53 expression, delayed p38 activation, and completely inhibited etoposide‐induced apoptosis. Inhibition of p38 activity prevented induction of p53, FHIT, and apoptosis in this model. Thus, activation of p38 upon etoposide treatment leads to increase in FHIT and p53 expression. In p53 knockdown MCF‐7, the FHIT induction was hampered but p38 activation was induced in lower doses of etoposide. In p53 knockdown cells, inhibition of p38 induced FHIT expression and apoptosis. Our data demonstrated that the exposure of MCF‐7 cells to etoposide increases apoptosis through a mechanism involving the activation of the p38‐FHIT‐p53 pathway. Moreover, our findings suggest signaling interaction for these pathways may represent a promising therapy for breast cancer.
Overexpression of LINC00037 represses cervical cancer progression by activating mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Yuan Li‐Yun , Qin Xiaomin , Li Lin , Zhou Jinting , Zhou Min , Li Xianxian , Xu Ying , Cheng Li , Xing Hui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs have been reported to play crucial roles in tumorigenesis including cervical cancer. LINC00037 has been identified as a significant regulator in several cancers. Our study was aimed to investigate the function of LINC00037 in cervical cancer progression. LINC00037 was significantly downregulated in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa, HCC94, HT‐3, Caski, and SiHa cells) compared with the ectocervical epithelial cells (End1/E6E7 cells). Overexpression of LINC00037 was able to inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation, induce cell apoptosis, and restrain the cell migration/invasion capacity. Reversely, knockdown of LINC00037 exhibited an opposite process in vitro. mTOR has been recognized as an atypical serine/threonine kinase that is involved in regulating significant cellular functions. In our present study, we observed that the mTOR signaling pathway was strongly activated in human cervical cancer cells. Meanwhile, upregulation of LINC00037 contributed to the inactivation of mTOR signaling whereas downregulation of LINC00037 activated the pathway. Subsequently, in vivo animal models using SiHa cells were established and we proved that LINC00037 repressed cervical cancer progression via targeting the mTOR signaling pathway. All these findings implied that LINC00037 could regulate cervical cancer pathogenesis via mTOR signaling. In conclusion, a novel role of LINC00037 was manifested in cervical cancer progression.
β3‐adrenergic receptor activation plays an important role in the depressed myocardial contractility via both elevated levels of cellular free Zn2+ and reactive nitrogen species
Authors: Tuncay Erkan , Olgar Yusuf , Durak Aysegul , Degirmenci Sinan , Bitirim Ceylan Verda , Turan Belma 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRole of β3‐AR dysregulation, as either cardio‐conserving or cardio‐disrupting mediator, remains unknown yet. Therefore, we examined the molecular mechanism of β3‐AR activation in depressed myocardial contractility using a specific agonist CL316243 or using β3‐AR overexpressed cardiomyocytes. Since it has been previously shown a possible correlation between increased cellular free Zn2+ ([Zn2+]i) and depressed cardiac contractility, we first demonstrated a relation between β3‐AR activation and increased [Zn2+]i, parallel to the significant depolarization in mitochondrial membrane potential in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, the increased [Zn2+]i induced a significant increase in messenger RNA (mRNA) level of β3‐AR in cardiomyocytes. Either β3‐AR activation or its overexpression could increase cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels, in line with significant changes in nitric oxide (NO)‐pathway, including increases in the ratios of pNOS3/NOS3 and pGSK‐3β/GSK‐3β, and PKG expression level in cardiomyocytes. Although β3‐AR activation induced depression in both Na+‐ and Ca2+‐currents, the prolonged action potential (AP) seems to be associated with a marked depression in K+‐currents. The β3‐AR activation caused a negative inotropic effect on the mechanical activity of the heart, through affecting the cellular Ca2+‐handling, including its effect on Ca2+‐leakage from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Our cellular level data with β3‐AR agonism were supported with the data on high [Zn2+]i and β3‐AR protein‐level in metabolic syndrome (MetS)‐rat heart. Overall, our present data can emphasize the important deleterious effect of β3‐AR activation in cardiac remodeling under pathological condition, at least, through a cross‐link between β3‐AR activation, NO‐signaling, and [Zn2+]i pathways. Moreover, it is interesting to note that the recovery in ER‐stress markers with β3‐AR agonism in hyperglycemic cardiomyocytes is favored. Therefore, how long and to which level the β3‐AR agonism would be friend or become foe remains to be mystery, yet.