bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Hyperchloremia With Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Goad Nathan T. , Bakhru Rita N. , Pirkle James L. , Kenes Michael T. 
Published: July 2019

Objective: Hyperchloremia is associated with worsened outcomes in various clinical situations; however, data are limited in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hyperchloremia on time to DKA resolution. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted with incident DKA from January 2013 through October 2017 and stratified by the development of hyperchloremia versus maintaining normochloremia. The primary outcome was time to final DKA resolution. Secondary outcomes included time to initial DKA resolution, incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) on admission, in-hospital development of AKI, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Results: Of the 102 patients included, 52 developed hyperchloremia. Patients with hyperchloremia had longer times to final DKA resolution compared to those with normochloremia (median 22.3 [interquartile range, IQR, 15.2-36.9] vs 14.2 [IQR 8.8-21.1] hours; P = .001). Time to initial DKA resolution was also longer in patients who developed hyperchloremia compared to those who did not (median 16.3 vs 10.9 hours; P = .024). More patients with hyperchloremia developed in-hospital AKI (26.9% vs 8.0%; P = .01). Median hospital LOS was significantly longer in the hyperchloremia cohort ( P < .001). On Cox regression analysis, time to DKA resolution was significantly longer with each 1 mmol/L increase in serum chloride (HR 0.951; P < .001). Conclusion: The presence of hyperchloremia in patients with DKA was associated with increased time to DKA resolution, risk of in-hospital AKI, and hospital LOS. Further evaluation of the avoidance or treatment of hyperchloremia in DKA is needed.
How independent is India’s labour law framework from the state’s changing economic policies?
Authors: Sarkar Santanu 
Published: July 2019

Judicial interpretation of statute law in common-law countries means that the judiciary may mediate the social impact of legislation. In the case of the protection of labour rights in India, this article examines the extent to which the judiciary acts independently from the government of the day, and the extent to which court judgements are swayed by prevailing administrative policies. Specifically, to what extent have economic liberalisation and labour market flexibility policies influenced court decisions in cases challenging worker dismissals? Drawing on a review of 270 judgements delivered by the Supreme Court of India and the state High Courts between 1950 and 2010, a relationship is traced between a shifting pattern of Courts’ judgements and policy changes initiated by the Indian government in response to economic conditions. The objective of the study is to understand the effect of a structural shift in the economy on the cases of consented and contested decrees related to dismissal of workers under the relevant laws in India. It is found that the specific statute has not greatly changed through legal reforms, but the judiciary’s interpretations of it have changed over six decades based on dominant socio-political currents, in tune with government economic policies. This raises profound questions about judicial independence in defence of labour rights.JEL Code: K31
Does Ramadan Fasting Affect Spirometric Data of Healthy Adolescents?
Authors: Ben Fraj Selma , Miladi Amira , Guezguez Fatma , Ben Rejeb Mohamed , Bouguila Jihène , Gargouri Imen , Rouatbi Sonia , Latiri Imed , Ben Saad Helmi 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Several studies raised the effects of Ramadan fasting on healthy adults spirometric data, but none was performed in children. The aim of this study was to compare the spirometric data of a group of faster adolescents (n = 26) with an age-matched non-faster one (n = 10). Methods: This comparative quasi-experimental study, including 36 healthy males aged 12 to 15 years, was conducted during the summer 2015 (Ramadan: June 18 to July 16). Three sessions (Before-Ramadan [Before-R], Mid-Ramadan [Mid-R], After-Ramadan [After-R]) were selected for spirometry measurements. Spirometry was performed around 5.5 to 3.5 h before sunset and the spirometric data were expressed as percentages of local spirometric norms. Results: The two groups of fasters and non-fasters had similar ages and weights (13.35 ± 0.79 vs 12.96 ± 0.45 years, 46.8 ± 9.2 vs 41.7 ± 12.6 kg, respectively). There was no effect of Ramadan fasting on forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow, and maximal mid-expiratory flow. For example, during the Before-R, Mid-R, and After-R sessions, there was no significant difference between the fasters and non-fasters mean FVC (101 ± 11 vs 99 ± 14, 101 ± 12 vs 102 ± 14, 103 ± 11 vs 104 ± 13, respectively) or FEV1 (101 ± 13 vs 96 ± 16, 98 ± 11 vs 97 ± 16, 101 ± 10 vs 98 ± 16, respectively). Conclusions: Ramadan fasting had no interaction effect with the spirometric data of Tunisian healthy male adolescents.
Virtual vs traditional care settings for low-acuity urgent conditions: An economic analysis of cost and utilization using claims data
Authors: Lovell Tim , Albritton Jordan , Dalto Joe , Ledward Cheryl , Daines William 
Published: July 2019

Background On-demand, direct-to-consumer video (or virtual) visits represent one of the fastest growing telemedicine services. Due to the absence of an in-person physical examination, some question the effectiveness, efficiency and value of virtual care visits. To address these questions, we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional review of Intermountain Healthcare’s virtual care programme. Method This study used SelectHealth claims for virtual, urgent, primary and emergency care delivered between 1 April 2016–31 March 2017. We included all claims with primary diagnosis from the nine most common categories for virtual care. A secondary data source included survey data indicating how virtual visits redirect care. Results We matched 1531 virtual visit claims with claims from urgent (4377), primary (4388) and emergency care (2285). There were no differences in follow-up rates between virtual and urgent care and no differences in antibiotic use between virtual and urgent or primary care. Virtual care was significantly lower than all other care settings in utilization of laboratory and imaging services, index visit cost and total costs over 21 days. Conclusions This study affirmed lower cost for virtual care without an associated increase in overall follow-up rates or antibiotic use when compared with urgent or primary care. This suggests that virtual visits are can be used to lower the total cost of care for applicable conditions. The implications are that virtual visits help lower operational costs of providing care, particularly in integrated systems with capitated reimbursement. Under the right circumstances, the increased adoption of virtual care should lead to greater savings.
Association of postoperative glycemic control with outcomes after carotid procedures
Authors: Bath Jonathan , Kruse Robin L , Smith Jamie B , Balasundaram Naveen , Vogel Todd R 
Published: July 2019

Objective There are limited data evaluating the impact of postoperative hyperglycemia in patients undergoing vascular procedures. This study evaluated the relationship between suboptimal glucose control and adverse outcomes after carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy. Methods Patients admitted for elective carotid procedures were selected from the Cerner Health Facts® (2008–2015) database using ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes. We examined the relationship between patient characteristics, postoperative hyperglycemia (any value > 180 mg/dL), and complications with chi-square analysis. A multivariable model examined the association between patient characteristics, procedure type, and glucose control with infection, renal failure, stroke, respiratory and cardiac complications, and length of stay over 10 days. Results Of the 4287 patients admitted for an asymptomatic carotid procedure, 788 (18%) underwent carotid artery stenting and 3499 (82%) underwent carotid endarterectomy. Most patients (87%) had optimal postoperative glucose control (80–180 mg/dL); 13% had suboptimal glucose control. On average, patients with suboptimal glucose control experienced: higher stroke rates (6.2% vs. 2.7%; p <  0.001); more cardiac complications (5.1% vs. 2.0%; p <  0.001); longer hospital stays (3.1 vs. 1.8 days; p < .001); higher rates of post-procedure infection (4.0% vs. 1.8%; p = .001); and more complications than patients with optimal glucose control. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that patients with suboptimal glucose control had higher odds of having an infectious (pneumonia, cellulitis, surgical site, etc.) complication (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.10–3.34), renal failure (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.95–5.78), respiratory complications (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.21–2.71), stroke (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.15–2.88), or length of stay > 10 days (OR 4.07, 95% CI 2.02–8.20). Conclusions Suboptimal glucose control was associated with adverse events after carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy, independent of a diabetes diagnosis. Several adverse outcomes were associated with hyperglycemia, including stroke. Given the singular role of carotid procedures in preventing stroke, we suggest that incorporating rigorous post-operative glucose control into best medical treatment of carotid disease should be considered as a standard practice.
An archaeometric study of early Copper Age pottery from a cave in Romania
Authors: Enea-Giurgiu Alexandra , Ionescu Corina , Hoeck Volker , Tămaş Tudor , Roman Cristian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEarly Copper Age pottery sherds discovered in a cave within the crystalline dolomites of the Southern Carpathians (Romania) were investigated by polarized light optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) to obtain information on the pottery production in the Copper Age in the territory of present-day Romania. Microscopically, the clayey matrix of the ceramic body is highly birefringent or consists of low-birefringent and isotropic parts mixed together, containing fragments of quartz, muscovite, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, chlorite, heavy minerals and metamorphic and magmatic rocks, as well as an opaque material. The EMPA data revealed an Fe-rich illite-like matrix and helped to identify the mineral nature of the inclusions. Local pottery production in bonfires or surface clamps is envisaged. Miocene illitic clays may have been used as raw materials, mixed with a small amount of sandy temper. The thermal changes revealed by OM, the modification of the XRPD peaks and the EMPA data suggest firing temperatures of between 800 and 850°C.
The evolution of the ore-forming system in the low sulfide horizon of the Noril'sk 1 intrusion, Russia
Authors: Tolstykh Nadezhda D. , Zhitova Liudmila M. , Shapovalova Maria O. , Chayka Ivan F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe present here new data on the low-sulfide mineralisation in the upper endocontact of the Noril'sk 1 intrusion. Twenty four mineral species of platinum-group elements and their solid solutions, as well as numerous unnamed phases, including an Sb analogue of vincentite, As and Sn analogues of mertieite-I and a Sn analogue of mertieite-II have been found. It is shown that the features of the mineral association: (1) the atypical trend of TiO2and Fe2+in chromian spinel; (2) the composition of the Pt–Fe alloys with a Fe/Fe + Pt range of 0.26–0.37 (logfO2≈ – (9–10); and (3) crystallisation of high-temperature sperrylite from silicate melt (at >800°C and logfS2< –10.5), which is possible underfO2of FMQ to FMQ-2 in mafic magma, are due to the reducing conditions of their formation and evolution. Droplet-like inclusions of silicate-oxide minerals in сhromian spinels and sulfides in platinum-group minerals are interpreted to be trapped droplets of co-existing sulfide melt. The captured sulfide melt has evolved in the direction of increasing the fugacity of sulfur: troilite + pentlandite (Fe>Ni) – in sperrylite (paragenesis I) to monoclinic pyrrhotite + pentlandite (Ni≈Fe) + chalcopyrite – in Pt–Fe alloys (paragenesis II). Paragenesis from the sulfide aggregates in the silicate matrix are more fractionated: pyrrhotite + pyrrhotite (Ni>Fe) + chalcopyrite (III) and pyrite + pentlandite (Ni>>Fe) + millerite (IV). Pd arsenides and antimonides crystallised later than sperrylite and isoferroplatinum, as a result of the evolution of a sulfide melt with an increased activity of the element ligands (Te, Sn, Sb and As).
HNF4 factors control chromatin accessibility and are redundantly required for maturation of the fetal intestine
Authors: Chen Lei , Toke Natalie H. , Luo Shirley , Vasoya Roshan P. , Aita Rohit , Parthasarathy Aditya , Tsai Yu-Hwai , Spence Jason R. , Verzi Michael P. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
As embryos mature, cells undergo remarkable transitions that are accompanied by shifts in transcription factor regulatory networks. Mechanisms driving developmental transitions are incompletely understood. The embryonic intestine transitions from a rapidly proliferating tube with pseudostratified epithelium prior to murine embryonic day (E) 14.5 to an exquisitely folded columnar epithelium in fetal stages. We sought to identify factors driving mouse fetal intestinal maturation by mining chromatin accessibility data for transcription factor motifs. ATAC-seq accessible regions shift during tissue maturation, with CDX2 transcription factor motifs abundant at chromatin-accessible regions of the embryo. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) transcription factor motifs are the most abundant in the fetal stages (&gt;E16.5). Genetic inactivation of Hnf4a and its paralog Hnf4g revealed that HNF4 factors are redundantly required for fetal maturation. CDX2 binds to and activates Hnf4 gene loci to elevate HNF4 expression at fetal stages. HNF4 and CDX2 transcription factors then occupy shared genomic regulatory sites to promote chromatin accessibility and gene expression in the maturing intestine. Thus, HNF4 paralogs are key components of an intestinal transcription factor network shift during the embryonic to fetal transition.
Assessment of Inherent Risk in the Implementation of Certain Types of Audit Activity
Authors: Егорова И. , Egorova I. 
Published: July 2019

This article is devoted to the assessment of the inherent risk in relation to the estimated values in the audit of financial instruments, the formation of reserves for doubtful debts, as well as in the implementation of other tasks that provide confidence in the verification of forecast financial information.
The article discusses the features of the application of the methods of correlation and regression analysis and simulation in the framework of these areas of audit activity.
ESTRATÉGIAS ARGUMENTATIVAS NO WEBJORNALISMO: um estudo semiolinguístico de um editorial do site Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: Pereira Paula Souza , Lima Marcus Antônio Assis 
Published: July 2019

Esta pesquisa pretende abordar, sob o ponto de vista da Teoria Semiolinguística, corrente teórico-metodológica formulada por Patrick Charaudeau, as estratégias discursivas contidas em um editorial que evoca a carência habitacional brasileira, publicado no webjornal Folha de S. Paulo, em 2018. Ademais, este artigo busca investigar as formas como o enunciador se posiciona perante os interlocutores, explorando a tríade fundamentada na relação entre sujeito argumentante, proposta sobre o mundo e sujeito-alvo (CHARAUDEAU, 2016). Mediante as observações efetuadas, destaca-se que a construção da fala do locutor, a partir do modo de organização argumentativo, implica a composição de sua imagem no discurso (AMOSSY, 2005).
Chord Mathematical
Authors: LI Xiaohong 
Published: July 2019

Chord mathematics is a mathematical model of chord language, the main characteristics are: decidecimal, discrete, symmetrical, mirror, chord language spatial expression part also known as "chord geometry."
The mathematical expression of chord language is scattered among: music theory(Temperament,Harmonics, etc.), chord painting (chord colorology), meridian (life) and other disciplines, in which this paper: the Carry system, yin and yang (-), formulas, coordinates, structure, etc. are unified and organized.
Chord language is composed of chord spectrum, with quantization, string (open string, closed string, N string), symmetry, mirror image and other mathematical and geometric characteristics, manifested in music (time), painting (space), life (meridian), spirit and other phenomena, has accumulated thousands of years of knowledge;A more complete mathematical model;Can be observed and verified;It should be a feature of the theory of everything.
Hemodynamic factors associated with fetal cardiac remodeling in late fetal growth restriction: a prospective study
Authors: Rizzo Giuseppe , Mattioli Cecilia , Mappa Ilenia , Bitsadze Victoria , Khizroeva Jamilya , Słodki Maciej , Makatsarya Alexander , D’Antonio Francesco 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Altered cardiac geometry affects a proportion of fetuses with growth restriction (FGR). The aim of this study was to explore the hemodynamic factors associated with cardiac remodeling in late FGR.

Methods
This was a prospective study of singleton pregnancies complicated by late-onset FGR undergoing assessment of left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular sphericity-index (SI). The study population was divided in two groups according to the presence of cardiac remodelling, defined as LVSI <5th centile. The following outcomes were explored: gestational age at birth, birthweight, caesarean section (CS) for fetal distress, umbilical artery (UA) pH and neonatal admission to special care unit. The differences between the 2 groups in UA pulsatility index (PI), middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI, uterine artery PI, cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and umbilical vein (UV) flow corrected for fetal abdominal circumference (UVBF/AC) were tested.

Results
In total, 212 pregnancies with late FGR were enrolled in the study. An abnormal LV SI was detected in 119 fetuses (56.1%). Late FGR fetuses with cardiac remodeling had a lower birthweight (2390 g vs. 2490; P = 0.04) and umbilical artery pH (7.21 vs. 7.24; P = 0.04) and were more likely to have emergency CS (42.8% vs. 26.9%; P = 0.023) and admission to special care unit (13.4% vs. 4.3%; P = 0.03) compared to those with normal LVSI. No difference in either UA PI (p = 0.904), MCA PI (P = 0.575), CPR (P = 0.607) and mean uterine artery PI (P = 0.756) were present between fetuses with or without an abnormal LV SI. Conversely, UVBF/AC z-score was lower (−1.84 vs. −0.99; P ≤ 0.001) in fetuses with cardiac remodeling and correlated with LV (P ≤ 0.01) and RV SI (P ≤ 0.02).

Conclusion
Fetal cardiac remodelling occurs in a significant proportion of pregnancies complicated by late FGR and is affected by a high burden of short-term perinatal compromise. The occurrence of LV SI is independent from fetal arterial Dopplers while it is positively associated with umbilical vein blood flow.
Competence Management and Image of Police Officers in Poland
Authors: Kurek Dorota 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Competence management is an issue that has become an area of particular interest not only for organisations from the business community, but also for public institutions, including institutions whose primary objective is to ensure security and public order. The group of such institutions includes, among others, the Polish Police. The level of competence available to officers, which is manifested through the prism of their behaviour, is at the same time the basis for the assessment of officers’ activities, which translates into their social image. The image of an organization and its employees influences the attitudes of the interested parties, including their approval manifested by support and understanding, or disapproval in the scope of the tasks performed. The quality of the image of police officers also affects the citizens’ sense of security. Bearing the above in mind, in the first part of the article, the process of managing the competences of police officers is presented as an action aimed at equipping officers with competences necessary for effective performance of official duties and fulfilling a servile role in relation to the society. In the second part of the article, the results of empirical research devoted to the issue of the image of police officers are presented.
Modelling of Artillery Fire and Simulation of its Efficiency
Authors: Varecha Jaroslav , Majchút Ivan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to describe the basic principles of the solution of one of the most difficult military issue. Those are the theoretical and practical issues of the firing activities on various objects. In both, in general and specific point of view, it has a fruitful reference not only for artillery specialist, but also for wider group of another branches and specialization officers.
An analysis and survey of interleukin-10 receptor mutation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the first Iranian IBD cohort
Authors: Khoshnevisan Razieh , Vakili Fariba , Klein Christoph , Kotlarz Daniel , Nasirian Maryam , Sherkat Roya , Rezaei Abbas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is classified into Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and unclassified disorders, which has a chronic, relapsing course and can result in substantial long-term morbidity. IBD is a multifactorial disorder with genetic susceptibility, immunological predisposition and environmental triggers. The objective of this study was to generally determine the prevalence of IL10R mutation in IBD patients in Isfahan, Iran. We performed sequencing of all exons in IL10RA and IL10RB in a cohort of IBD patients and healthy controls.

Methods
Total DNA contents of 76 patients and 50 healthy controls were extracted from whole blood and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications and sequencing of whole exons in IL10R were performed.

Results
Overall, we determined 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all IL10R genes. Of them, rs3135932 and rs2229113 of the IL10RA1 gene, in exons 4 and 7, respectively, were significantly associated with IBD occurrence in patients.

Conclusions
Our results also confirmed that early-onset IBD could be attributed to a synergistic effect of several variant alleles of the genes encoding IL10 receptors. These variants, alone, could only give rise to a sub-clinical manifestation of IBD.
Halogen bonds in the crystal structure of 5-bromo-3,4′-bipyridine – 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2/1), C26H14Br2F4I2N4
Authors: Wang Weizhou 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
C26H14Br2F4I2N4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.7472(4) Å, b = 8.7822(4) Å, c = 9.4065(4) Å, α = 102.745(4)°, β = 105.489(4)°, γ = 91.949(4)°, V = 675.88(5) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0336, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0813, T = 290 K.
New Digital Tools for a New Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Yardney Sarah , Schloen Sandra R. , Prosser Miller 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article describes the digital edition of the Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition (HBCE), which is being produced as part of a project called Critical Editions for Digital Analysis and Research (CEDAR) at the University of Chicago. We first discuss the goals of the HBCE and its requirements for a digital edition. We then turn to the CEDAR project and the advances it offers, both theoretical and technological. Finally, we present an illustration of how a reader might use the digital HBCE to interact with the biblical text in innovative ways.