bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National disparities in treatment package time for resected locally advanced head and neck cancer and impact on overall survival
Authors: Guttmann David M. , Kobie Julie , Grover Surbhi , Lin Alexander , Lukens John N. , Mitra Nandita , Rhodes Karin V. , Feng Weiwei , Swisher‐McClure Samuel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine national disparities in head and neck cancer treatment package time (the time interval from surgery through the completion of radiation) and the associated impact on survival.MethodsWe conducted an observational cohort study using the National Cancer Database of 15 234 patients with resected head and neck cancer who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy from 2004‐2012. Predictors of prolonged package time were identified by multivariable linear regression. Survival outcomes were assessed using a multivariable Cox model.ResultsMean package time was 100 days (SD 23). Package time was 7.52 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.23‐8.81; P < .001) longer with Medicaid versus commercial insurance. Low income and African American race also predicted for longer package times. All‐cause mortality increased an average of 4% with each 1 week increase in treatment package time (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04; 95% CI 1.03‐1.05; P < .001).ConclusionSignificant national socioeconomic disparities exist in treatment package time. Treatment delays in this setting may contribute to worse survival outcomes.
Novel encoding and updating of positional, or directional, spatial cues are processed by distinct hippocampal subfields: Evidence for parallel information processing and the “what” stream
Authors: Hoang Thu‐Huong , Aliane Verena , Manahan‐Vaughan Denise 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe specific roles of hippocampal subfields in spatial information processing and encoding are, as yet, unclear. The parallel map theory postulates that whereas the CA1 processes discrete environmental features (positional cues used to generate a “sketch map”), the dentate gyrus (DG) processes large navigation‐relevant landmarks (directional cues used to generate a “bearing map”). Additionally, the two‐streams hypothesis suggests that hippocampal subfields engage in differentiated processing of information from the “where” and the “what” streams. We investigated these hypotheses by analyzing the effect of exploration of discrete “positional” features and large “directional” spatial landmarks on hippocampal neuronal activity in rats. As an indicator of neuronal activity we measured the mRNA induction of the immediate early genes (IEGs), Arc and Homer1a. We observed an increase of this IEG mRNA in CA1 neurons of the distal neuronal compartment and in proximal CA3, after novel spatial exploration of discrete positional cues, whereas novel exploration of directional cues led to increases in IEG mRNA in the lower blade of the DG and in proximal CA3. Strikingly, the CA1 did not respond to directional cues and the DG did not respond to positional cues. Our data provide evidence for both the parallel map theory and the two‐streams hypothesis and suggest a precise compartmentalization of the encoding and processing of “what” and “where” information occurs within the hippocampal subfields.
Examining drivers of trading volume in European markets
Authors: Batrinca Bogdan , Hesse Christian W. , Treleaven Philip C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study presents an in‐depth exploration of market dynamics and analyses potential drivers of trading volume. The study considers established facts from the literature, such as calendar anomalies, the correlation between volume and price change, and this relation's asymmetry, while proposing a variety of time series models. The results identified some key volume predictors, such as the lagged time series volume data and historical price indicators (e.g. intraday range, intraday return, and overnight return). Moreover, the study provides empirical evidence for the price–volume relation asymmetry, finding an overall price asymmetry in over 70% of the analysed stocks, which is observed in the form of a moderate overnight asymmetry and a more salient intraday asymmetry. We conclude that volatility features, more recent data, and day‐of‐the‐week features, with a notable negative effect on Mondays and Fridays, improve the volume prediction model.
Bu‐Shen‐Huo‐Xue‐Fang modulates nucleus pulposus cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling in intervertebral disk degeneration through miR‐483 regulation of Wnt pathway
Authors: Yang Shaofeng , Li Linghui , Zhu Liguo , Zhang Chao , Li Zhaoyong , Guo Yantao , Nie Ying , Luo Zhenhua 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntervertebral disk degeneration (IDD) has been widely considered as one of the main causes for low back pain, which can cause a severe impact to human health and huge economic burden to worldwide society. IDD pathogenesis can be affected by extensive degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the hyperproliferation of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. During the IDD process, expression of the ECM degradation enzymes matrix metalloproteinase and ADAMTS increases, whereas expression of ECM synthesis–related aggrecan and COL2A1 decreases. In addition, the Wnt signaling pathway is reportedly involved in the process of IDD. Bu‐Shen‐Huo‐Xue‐Fang (BSHXF), a Chinese traditional medicine formula that contains six Chinese traditional medicinal herbs, is widely used in the treatment of IDD. Herein, we obtained the serum containing BSHXF from BSHXF‐fed rat and demonstrated that the BSHXF promoted NP cell proliferation and ECM synthesis through the Wnt signaling pathway. By using DIANA online tools and luciferase reporter gene assays, we confirmed that miR‐483‐3p and miR‐23c regulated CTNNB1 and GSK3B, respectively, through direct targeting, thereby affecting the effect of BSHXF on NP cell proliferation and ECM synthesis through the Wnt signaling pathway. Taken together, we demonstrated the function and mechanism of BSHXF in regulating NP cell proliferation and ECM remodeling through the Wnt signaling pathway during IDD.
Controlling microbubbles in alcohol solutions by using a multi‐channel ceramic membrane distributor
Authors: Liu Yefei , Han Yang , Li Xiaoli , Jiang Hong , Chen Rizhi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobubbles are gaining more attention in environmental, medical, agricultural and industrial processes. Alcohol addition plays an important role in controlling microbubble generation. The effect of n‐butanol concentration on microbubble characteristics has not been studied, thus experiments have been done to investigate the control of microbubbles in alcohol solutions.RESULTSMicrobubbles were successfully generated using a 19‐channel ceramic membrane. The bubble Sauter diameter was found to decrease with increasing n‐butanol concentration. Increasing cross flow velocity and decreasing superficial gas velocity resulted in smaller bubbles. Gas holdup and specific interfacial area was found to increase with increasing n‐butanol concentration. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient Kla was found to increase with increasing n‐butanol concentration, following the trend in specific interfacial area. Increasing cross‐flow velocity and superficial gas velocity resulted in increased Kla.CONCLUSIONSBubble characteristics in solutions with different n‐butanol concentrations are very different. Alcohol addition is an important way to generate smaller bubbles and larger gas holdup. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Graphs in which some and every maximum matching is uniquely restricted
Authors: Penso Lucia Draque , Rautenbach Dieter , dos Santos Souza Uéverton 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA matching M in a graph G is uniquely restricted if there is no matching in G that is distinct from M but covers the same vertices as M. Solving a problem posed by Golumbic, Hirst, and Lewenstein, we characterize the graphs in which some maximum matching is uniquely restricted. Solving a problem posed by Levit and Mandrescu, we characterize the graphs in which every maximum matching is uniquely restricted. Both our characterizations lead to efficient recognition algorithms for the corresponding graphs.
Poverty and Policy Selectivity of World Bank Trust Funds
Authors: Eichenauer Vera Z. , Knack Stephen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOver the past decade, donors of foreign aid quadrupled their annual contributions to trust funds at the World Bank. This earmarking of contributions to donors' preferred recipient countries and issues has raised concerns about the alignment of trust funds with the performance‐based aid allocations by the International Development Association, the World Bank's concessional lending arm. This study finds that the cross‐country allocations of aggregate trust fund aid are poverty‐selective and policy‐selective but reveals differences between types of trust funds. Overall, the evidence indicates that trust funds administered by the World Bank do not undermine the International Development Association's allocation criteria. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ITGB4is essential for containing HDM-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Liu Chi , Yuan Lin , Zou Yizhou , Yang Ming , Chen Yu , Qu Xiangping , Liu Huijun , Jiang Jianxin , Xiang Yang , Qin Xiaoqun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAirway epithelial cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Although the structural and functional defects of airway epithelial cells have been postulated to increase asthma susceptibility and exacerbate asthma severity, the mechanism and implication of these defects remain uncertain. Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a structural adhesion molecule that is downregulated in the airway epithelium of asthma patients. In this study, we demonstrated that ITGB4 deficiency leads to severe allergy-induced airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in mice. After house dust mite (HDM) challenge, epithelial cell-specific ITGB4-deleted mice showed increased lymphocyte, eosinophil, and neutrophil infiltration into lung compared with that of the wild-type mice. ITGB4 deficiency also resulted in increased expression of the Th2 cytokine IL-4, IL-13, and the Th17 cytokine IL-17A in the lung tissue and in the T cells after HDM challenge. The aggravated inflammation in ITGB4 defect mice was partly caused by enhanced disrupted epithelial barrier integrity after HDM stress, which induced the increased thymic stromal lymphopoietin secretion from airway epithelial cells. This study therefore demonstrates that ITGB4 plays a pivotal role in containing allergen-mediated lung inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness in allergic asthma.
Heat-shock protein-90 prolongs septic neutrophil survival by protecting c-Src kinase and caspase-8 from proteasomal degradation
Authors: Gupta Sahil , Lee Chan-Mi , Wang Jia-Feng , Parodo Jean , Jia Song-Hui , Hu Jim , Marshall John C 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe brief lifespan of the polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) is regulated through its capacity to undergo apoptosis, a constitutive process that is actively inhibited during sepsis. We sought to define the cellular mechanisms through which Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) prolongs the survival of inflammatory PMN. We evaluated Hsp90 expression and interaction with client proteins in PMNs from patients with sepsis and in healthy control PMNs treated with LPS (1 μg/mL). Hsp90 activity was inhibited pharmacologically using radicicol (Rad; 1 μM), and Hsp90 transcription was silenced in septic PMN using siRNA. PMN apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and expression of cleaved caspase-8 and -3. Septic PMNs showed reduced rates of apoptosis compared with control PMNs 21 h after isolation, and Hsp90-α mRNA was significantly more abundant in septic PMN. Caspase-8 coimmunoprecipitated with Hsp90, c-Src, and the p85 inhibitory subunit of PI3K in both septic and LPS-treated PMN. Inhibition of Hsp90 activity with Rad or its translation using siRNA restored basal rates of apoptosis in both septic and LPS-treated PMN. Radicicol further reduced c-Src protein abundance, increased the ubiquitination of caspase-8 and c-Src, and enhanced the cleavage of caspase-8 and -3. We conclude that Hsp90 prolongs the survival of activated neutrophils by stabilizing a molecular complex of c-Src kinase and caspase-8, preventing their ubiquitination, and resulting in inhibition of the catalytic activity of caspase-8 and -3.
Radiomics Strategy for Molecular Subtype Stratification of Lower‐Grade Glioma: Detecting IDH and TP53 Mutations Based on Multimodal MRI
Authors: Zhang Xi , Tian Qiang , Wang Liang , Liu Yang , Li Baojuan , Liang Zhengrong , Gao Peng , Zheng Kaizhong , Zhao Bofeng , Lu Hongbing 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundNoninvasive detection of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and TP53 mutations are meaningful for molecular stratification of lower‐grade gliomas (LrGG).PurposeTo explore potential MRI features reflecting IDH and TP53 mutations of LrGG, and propose a radiomics strategy for detecting them.Study TypeRetrospective, radiomics.Population/SubjectsA total of 103 LrGG patients were separated into development (n = 73) and validation (n = 30) cohorts.Field Strength/SequenceT1‐weighted (before and after contrast‐enhanced), T2‐weighted, and fluid‐attenuation inversion recovery images from 1.5T (n = 37) or 3T (n = 66) scanners.AssessmentAfter data preprocessing, high‐throughput features were derived from patients' volumes of interests of different sequences. The support vector machine‐based recursive feature elimination (SVM‐RFE) was adopted to find the optimal features for IDH and TP53 mutation detection. SVM models were trained and tested on development and validation cohort. The commonly used metric was used for assessing the efficiency.Statistical TestsOne‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi‐square, or Fisher's exact test were applied on clinical characteristics to confirm whether significant differences exist between three molecular subtypes decided by IDH and TP53 status. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the robustness of the radiomics features.ResultsThe constituent ratio of histopathologic subtypes was significantly different among three molecular subtypes (P = 0.017). SVM models for detecting IDH and TP53 mutation were established using 12 and 22 optimal features selected by SVM‐RFE. The accuracies and area under the curves for IDH and TP53 mutations on the development cohort were 84.9%, 0.830, and 92.0%, 0.949, while on the validation cohort were 80.0%, 0.792, and 85.0%, 0.869, respectively. Furthermore, the stratified accuracies of three subtypes were 72.8%, 71.9%, and 70%, respectively.Data ConclusionUsing a radiomics approach integrating SVM model and multimodal MRI features, molecular subtype stratification of LGG patients was implemented through detecting IDH and TP53 mutations. The results suggested that the proposed approach has promising detecting efficiency and T2‐weighted image features are more important than features from other images.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:916–926.
Nasal obstruction during adolescence induces memory/learning impairments associated with BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway hypofunction and high corticosterone levels
Authors: Ogawa Takuya , Okihara Hidemasa , Kokai Satoshi , Abe Yasunori , Karin Harumi Uchima Koecklin , Makiguchi Mio , Kato Chiho , Yabushita Tadachika , Michikawa Makoto , Ono Takashi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe hippocampus is an important brain region involved in memory and learning. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), and phospho‐p44/p42 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) are known to contribute to hippocampal memory/learning. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of nasal obstruction during the growth period on memory/learning in an animal model, using combined behavioral, biochemical, and histological approaches. Male BALB/C mice underwent unilateral nasal obstruction (UNO) by cauterization at 8 days of age and were subjected to Y‐maze and passive avoidance tests at 15 weeks of age. The serum corticosterone levels were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and brain tissues were subjected to hematoxylin‐eosin staining and histological analysis or homogenization and Western blot analysis. Compared with control mice, UNO mice had lower blood oxygen saturation levels and exhibited apparent memory/learning impairments during behavioral testing. Additionally, the UNO group had higher hippocampal BDNF levels and serum corticosterone levels, lower hippocampal TrkB and phospho‐p44/p42 MAPK levels, and reduced neuron numbers relative to controls. Our findings suggest that UNO during adolescence affects the hippocampus and causes memory/learning impairments.
All‐dielectric core/shell resonators: From plasmon‐free SERS to multimodal analysis
Authors: Bontempi Nicolò , Vassalini Irene , Alessandri Ivano 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAll‐dielectric materials are emerging as a new class of substrates for enhanced Raman scattering. As ohmic losses are reduced in the absence of plasmonic metals, Raman data obtained with dielectrics are very reproducible and reliable. This mini‐review summarizes our recent work in the field of core/shell dielectric resonators designed for Raman purposes, with a special focus on SiO2/TiO2 (T‐rex) core/shell beads. These systems are able to exploit the evanescent field generated by total internal reflection and multiple scattering of light at the sphere‐to‐sphere interface to multiply the number of Raman photons, improving the sensitivity of Raman detection and extending the application of surface enhanced Raman scattering for investigating surface chemical reactions. Examples of the application of T‐Rex beads in detecting and monitoring environmental pollutants, greenhouse gases, biochemical species, and biochemical reactions are presented. The use of core/shell resonators for multimodal analysis based on the combination of surface enhanced Raman scattering with either mass spectrometry or refractive index optical sensing is also discussed, suggesting different possible future developments.
Contrasting metabolic profiles of tasty Andean varieties of tomato fruit in comparison with commercial ones
Authors: D'Angelo Matilde , Zanor María I , Sance María , Cortina Pablo R , Boggio Silvana B , Asprelli Pablo , Carrari Fernando , Santiago Ana N , Asís Ramón , Peralta Iris E , Valle Estela M 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fruits of most commercial tomato cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are deficient in flavour. In contrast, traditional ‘criollo’ tomato varieties are appreciated for fruit of excellent organoleptic quality. Small farmers from the Andean valleys in Argentina have maintained their own tomato varieties, which were selected mainly for flavour. This work aims to correlate the chemical composition of the fruit with the sensory attributes of eight heirloom tomato varieties. The long‐term goal is to identify potential candidate genes capable of altering the chemicals involved in flavour.RESULTSA sensory analysis was conducted and the metabolomics of fruit were determined. The data revealed that defined tomato aroma and sourness correlated with citrate and several volatile organic compounds (VOC), such as α‐terpineol, p‐menth‐1‐en‐9‐al, linalool and 3,6‐dimethyl‐2,3,3a,4,5,7a‐hexahydrobenzofuran (DMHEX), a novel volatile recently identified in tomato. Two sensory attributes – sweetness and a not‐acidic taste – correlated with the characteristic tomato taste, and also with fructose, glucose, and two VOCs, benzaldehyde, and 2‐methyl‐2‐octen‐4‐one.CONCLUSIONSThese data provide new evidence of the complex chemical combination that induced the flavour and aroma of the good‐tasting ‘criollo’ tomato fruit. That is, the compounds that correlated with defined tomato aroma and acidic taste did not correlate with sweetness, or with characteristic tomato taste. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Hemostatic Ability of Chitosan‐Phosphate Inspired by Coagulation Mechanisms of Platelet Polyphosphates
Authors: Wang Younseon , Kim Keumyeon , Lee Moon Sue , Lee Haeshin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHemostatic materials have been studied to minimize bleeding time. Recently, polyphosphate (polyP) have received attention as potential hemostatic compounds, which are released from activated platelets. Long polyP chains are essential to form thick fibrin clots. Herein, chitosan is functionalized by covalently tethering phosphate groups to mimic polyP. It is hypothesized that utilizing a known hemostatic polysaccharide, chitosan, and tethering phosphate groups to mimic polyP's functionality show synergistic effect in hemostasis. Five different phosphorylated chitosan conjugates (Chi‐Ps), s‐Chi‐7P, s‐Chi‐28P, s‐Chi‐74P, is‐Chi‐29P, and is‐Chi‐56P are prepared, where “s” indicates water soluble Chi‐Ps and “is” represents water insoluble Chi‐Ps. Unexpectedly, an important carbon in D‐glucosamine is found, which determines chitosan solubility. Phosphate groups conjugated to C6 carbon resulted in water soluble Chi‐P, but conjugation to C3 group exhibited water insoluble behavior. Hemostasis capability showed a positive correlation with the degree of phosphate conjugations regardless of water solubility of Chi‐P.
Symmetric and finitely symmetric polynomials on the spaces and
Authors: Galindo Pablo , Vasylyshyn Taras , Zagorodnyuk Andriy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe consider on the space polynomials that are invariant regarding permutations of the sequence variable or regarding finite permutations. Accordingly, they are trivial or factor through c0. The analogous study, with analogous results, is carried out on , replacing the permutations of by measurable bijections of that preserve the Lebesgue measure.
Gait initiation is influenced by emotion processing in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing
Authors: Lagravinese Giovanna , Pelosin Elisa , Bonassi Gaia , Carbone Federico , Abbruzzese Giovanni , Avanzino Laura 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: Freezing of gait is a symptom that affects more than 50% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and increasing evidence suggests that nonmotor systems (i.e., limbic system) are involved in its underlying mechanisms.Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether gait initiation characteristics are influenced by emotional stimuli in patients with PD, with or without freezing of gait.Methods: A total of 44 participants, divided into 3 groups (15 PD patients with and 15 PD patients without freezing of gait and 14 controls), stood on a sensorized mat and were asked to take a step forward in response to a pleasant image and a step backward in response to an unpleasant one (congruent task, low cognitive load) or to take a step backward in response to a pleasant image and a step forward in response to an unpleasant one (incongruent task, high cognitive load). Reaction time, step size, anticipatory postural adjustments, and sway path were measured.Results: In PD with freezing of gait, the reaction time was longer and the step size was shorter than in the other groups when they took a step forward in response to an unpleasant image (incongruent task). Changes in reaction time performance in response to unpleasant images remained significant after having adjusted for executive dysfunction and positively correlated with the “frequency” of freezing episodes.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that gait initiation was influenced by the emotional valence of visual stimuli in addition to the cognitive load of the task suggesting that the limbic system may be involved in freezing of gait. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society